bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Redesigning Software Procedure in Improved Software Management using Machine Learning
Authors: Nethravathi R. , Kumar S. Naresh , Shwetha S. , Shyamsunder M , Reddy Ch Vinay Kumar
Published: December 2020

SPR is a software engineering process that improves organizational efficiency in responding to quality outcome challenges, change management and productivity improvement, product quality and competitive advantage. To include improvements to the required considerations and agreements of SEM, SPR, implements, inherits and explores the architecture of procedure change. Machine learning is a key part of SPR in software development organizations. The objective of this paper is to integrate automation technology such as ML into the SDLC of software product development and to increase the conceptual focus on its life cycle development and highlight ML methods in SPM, and how to execute ML in SEM methods. ML algorithms for empirical analysis and discussion of the specific performance and reuse of tasks that we have attempted to achieve in SEM. An observed study of software methods involves the control system of self determining software implementation. In the current period, ML gives better validity in few SEM areas. The main aim of this research is the practical as well as systematic study and also literature survey to advance the wanted standard software, between their qualified evaluation of existing procedures and their carry for SQE.
Scrum: An Effective Software Development Agile Tool
Authors: Hema Valpadasu , Thota Sravanthi , Naresh Kumar S , Padmaja Ch , Rama Krishna C. Bala , Mahender K
Published: December 2020

Present days the world is surviving with respect to the software products. The development of the software product is a challenging issue and to run with the competitive world rapid development of software products are necessary. It is not enough to go with the traditional software development products like waterfall model, spiral model and all. Here we proposed the SCRUM TOOL, one of the effective techniques of Agile Methodology. Agile is an incremental and timeframe iterative approach. It supplies the software developers with a working framework for traditional software development practices like waterfall model. Although the traditional models are best suited for small products where there is no changing requirements but not suitable for the products which have rapidly changing requirements and thus here we recommend SCRUM methodology. In this approach we can develop the software product by taking the regular feedback from the customer through review meetings. So whenever the customer requests the changes we can upgrade the product with respect to those changes and can also develop the product more efficiently and rapidly.
Cyber Security Challenges and its Emerging Trends on Latest Technologies
Authors: Rajasekharaiah K. M , Dule Chhaya S , Sudarshan E
Published: December 2020

Today, due to the modern life style people have joined technology life and using more technology for shopping as well as financial transactions in their cyber space. At the same time, safeguarding of knowledge has become increasingly difficult. In addition, the heavy use and growth of social media, online crime or cybercrime has increased. In the world of information technology, data security plays a significant role. The information security has become one of today’s main challenges. Whenever we think of cyber security, we first of all think of ‘cybercrimes,’ which expand tremendously every day. Different government and businesses take various steps to avoid this form of cybercrime. In addition to numerous cyber protection initiatives, many people are also very worried about it. This paper focuses primarily on cyber security concerns related to the new technology. It also concentrates on the new technologies for cyber security, ethics and developments that impact cyber security.
Smart Instant Charging of Power Banks
Authors: Sunanda N , Hrushikesava Raju S. , Faiayaz Waris Saiyed , Koulagaji Ashok
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, charging portable devices like mobile devices through power banks is very common and is required. In this paper, the drawbacks of existing power banks are discussed and are required to upgrade with novel and reliable technology. The mobile devices need to be recharged whenever its charging is completed, that’s why power banks came into the market to recharge portable devices such as mobile devices. As the load increases, the charging will be degraded and needs to be charged. The charging phenomenon that existing power banks use is time-consuming. The factor time plays an important role in modern days because many activities need to be done at that time. The scheduled activities to be disturbed because of the lack of charging while involved in traveling for long hours and the days. When there is a technology added in the power banks where the portable devices are charged instantly by scanning the power bank charged code using recipient mobile (Portable device). The charging of the portable device is done in nanoseconds. This greatly reduces the amount of time spent on charging over portable devices using existing power banks. Functionality and performance are demonstrated in the proposed and results chapter. In this, the amount of charging is also to be customized so that the leftover charging in the power bank to be used for charging the other portable device.
A Secured and Effective Load Monitoring and Scheduling Migration VM in Cloud Computing
Authors: Raghavendra Sai N. , Jogendra Kumar M. , Smitha Chowdary Ch.
Published: December 2020

Inside the united cloud-controlled condition, the dynamic and viewing acknowledge a critical movement wherein the host regulator deals with the advantages across has inside the laborer farm. Host regulator does a virtual machine and genuinely have the heads. The Virtual Machine the board solidifies creation, checking, and movement. In the occasion that Host Controller down, the associations supported by different hosts in Decentralized can’t be gotten to outside the Decentralized[1]. Decentralized Virtual Machine the board evades intertwined dissatisfaction by considering one among the hosts from Decentralized as host regulator that helps keep with expanding Decentralized in running state. Each host in Decentralized has different Virtual machine with very far past which it can’t give organization. to stay up the sting, the host’s in Decentralized does Virtual Machine advancement across different hosts. the data in development is as plaintext, the interloper can dismantle bundle headway and may control has traffic. The joining of the security structure has in Decentralized helps with guaranteeing the data being developed. This paper talks about two or three strategies for dynamic Host regulator choice, Virtual confirmation, and secure Virtual development over cloud conditions. An amazingly capable processing condition is obliged by technique for distributed computing wherein customers or different occupants are expected of a couple of sources to be equipped consider as a provider over the online. influencing adventure before the cloud carrier provider is that the way sufficiently and effectively the essential processing sources like virtual machines, association, parking lot outfit, and knowledge move limit, and various others. need to be directed all at once that no environment is in underneath use state in an exceptional natural factor. a far better than average undertaking planning technique is generally required for the dynamic choice of the heap observing to remain faraway from such a drag. Thru this proposed model we’ll be favouring the stainless figuring reliant on grasped booking procedure, which licenses you to accept the heap capably countless the virtual machine therefore the general reaction time (QoS)[2] must be unimportant. An examination of this proposed set of rules of undertaking booking approach is cultivated on the CloudSim test framework which shows that this will defeat the present strategies like customary First come first serve, SJF, and Genetic variation procedures.
Teaching-Learning process : Seven Attributes of an Engineering Educator-An Introspection
Authors: Shailaja Sangaraboina , Vijaya Lakshmi P.
Published: December 2020

Education is a tool to transfer knowledge from one to one or from one to many. It provides an opportunity for learners to construct and create experiences through learning. From times immemorial Learning has undergone drastic changes. In order to make learning effective and to meet the standards of millennial learners a new pedagogy, Teaching-Learning process, is introduced in the present Education system. The main aspects of Teaching-Learning process are Teacher, Learner, Learning process and learning environment. Instructing is a relationship which is set among three central focuses in Education-Teacher, Student and content delivery which involves setting appropriate learning experiences for students. The role of a teacher from conventional teaching to student-centric teaching varies. Now a teacher has to perform multiple roles apart from teaching and focusing on completion of syllabus. There is a need for a teacher to attend students needs, experiences, feelings and motivate them to understand the learning process appropriately. The Article focuses on the attributes of a teacher, especially an Engineering Educator. Additionally It also explores the personal experiences observed and retained during the process of teaching.
High Speed and Low Power Error Recovery Approximate Multiplier for Image Processing Appliclations
Authors: Aparna B. , Girirajan Mr. B.
Published: December 2020

In approximating, the requirement for accurate results is ignored because of some other applications with better performance in terms of area or delay. Multipliers are key arithmetic circuits in many of these applications including digital signal processing (DSP). Here in this paper we propose an approximate multiplier circuit with two various architectures where one is designed by modifying the design of the circuit by adding AND-OR logic approximation in the partial product generation stage and a dual quality adder at the final stage of the multiplication for error recovery. The other one is by adding the same AND-OR logic approximation in the partial product reduction stage where it is applied tow only least significant part and accurate adders are used in the remaining for final outcome. In addition, many errors make little noticeable variations in practice, for instance image processing owing to human perceptual restrictions. Error-tolerant algorithms and their utilization inspired the progress of inexact multipliers which trade-off between power efficiency, area and speed. The proposed approximate multipliers have been shown that both have a lower area and one with better accuracy and error recovery other with delay than an exact Wallace multiplier and existing approximate designs. Functional analysis has shown that on a statistical basis, the proposed multipliers have considerable error distances and thus, they achieve a high accuracy and better area. To show the effectiveness of the work we had implemented and image processing application with the help of Xilinx System generator. The total designs are done and implemented in Xilinx ISE 14.7 with Verilog HDL coding.
Low-Jitter CMOS Digital PLL for the generation of the clock in synchronous serial communication systems
Authors: Prasad Rajendra , Ramchandar Rao P , Bojja Polaiah , Kumaraswamy E.
Published: December 2020

The major building block of linear systems is the Phased Locked-Loop(PLL). Contrasting to analog PLL, the clock period profile of digital PLL (DPLL) is often segmented. Hence the phase and/or frequency tracking of traditional PLL’s may suffer from large jitter when Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) operating point shifts from one clock period segment to another. To address this issue, a Low-Jitter CMOS Digital PLL for the generation of the clock in synchronous serial communication systems is presented in this paper. The design of the PLL will be implemented by considering important CMOS parameters like propagation delay, jitter performance, and power dissipation. Designing of digital PLL includes the design of a phase detector, LPF, Error amplifier, and VCO. The VLSI realization of digital PLL is implemented using the TANNER EDA software tool using a 0.18μm CMOS process.
Effective Power Consumption Monitoring of Smart meter through IoT
Authors: Ravi V. , Sanjay Kumar S. , Rajendra Prasad Ch. , Ramchandar Rao P.
Published: December 2020

Now a day’s electricity consumption in residential homes day by day is increasing. For verification and keep monitoring is very critical task because we have to go physically to take the meter readings in meter existing room. Well it is essential for a consumer because according to the electricity consumed the amount will be charged. We can automate the framework or system by checking the energy meter readings over the web. Our proposed system utilizes microcontroller with energy meter to track the electricity power consumed. With using of GSM module we can transmit the consumed units along with amount charged to the web portal so that consumer can monitor the data over the web. This allows the consumers can check the cost charged and power consumed units online by utilizing a simple web application. Therefore the consumers can monitor the energy meter readings very easily along with the cost and also consumers can check the bill amount online itself. FOTA(Firmware Over-The-Air) option is also available with this option one can update the firmware remotely. FOTA is required if any bugs are available in existing software so to remove the bugs we are updating the firmware remotely. The need of FOTA to remove the bugs in existing software so that we can remotely access particular device and update the version easily.
An IOT Based Environmental Monitoring System
Authors: Jhansi Rani G , Shanmukhi Rama G , Marrikukkala Ranjith Kumar , Srikanth Y , Reddy Ch Vinay Kumar
Published: December 2020

In this paper, Our team organized an autonomous robot system that is made as well as executed to note environmental standards like temp, moisture, sky premium, and also hazardous gas attention. The robot possesses GPS coordinates as well as it may always keep files on the ThingSpeakIoT system. The mobile robot is regulated with a cell phone that runs an application built on the Android system. The whole system is discovered using a cost-efficient ARM-based inserted system called Arduino as well as additionally Raspberry Private detective which is consistent via a wireless network to the IoT system, where files are conserved, fine-tuned as well as may be accessed making use of a pc or any clever device originating from anywhere. The system might boost sensor details to IoT servers every 15 secs. The kept details might be utilized for extra customer review of the decline of pollution, additional energy and likewise supply a general dwelling establishing enlargement. The robot system has produced for cost-effective remote monitoring environmental guidelines with no human treatment to stay clear of health and wellness and also wellness threat properly. A proof-of-concept model has been established to reveal the performance of the proposed system.
Experimental Investigation Of Compressed Air Engine: A Review
Authors: Vishnu Vardhan M. , Purushothaman J.
Published: December 2020

This paper describes the compressor engine analysis for the design and production of single cylinder engines that can be powered by compressor. With a few changes that are the main objective of the research, the existing four-stroke single cylinder engine (bikes / moped) can be driven on compressed air. Using a pump, compressed air is packed with energy. When measuring total efficiency, the energy demand for compressing air has to be considered. The compressed air vehicle can, therefore, lead to the elimination of air emissions and tend to have zero levels of pollution and foster a great climate. The key benefit of this engine is that no hydrocarbon fuel is required, meaning that no combustion process takes place.
Wi-Fi based smart wireless flipchart
Authors: Swathi N , Padmaja Ch , Umamaheshwar Soma , Sravanthi T
Published: December 2020

Notice Board plays a vital role in many places like educational institutes, railway stations, school’s colleges and everywhere. Presently a person will stick a notice on notice board in offices, schools and colleges. This causes a lot of time to stick the information on notice board. So reduce the time to build a new device as wireless flip chart by using this flip chart we reduced the time, manual power, paper and printer ink. The main aim of this paper is to display the information on LCD screen from the user’s mobile device through internet.
Identification of Sulphur Added Copra Using Drying Process
Authors: Ramchandar Rao P. , Srikanth Y , Merugu Shyamsunder , Rajendra Prasad Ch. , Chakradhar A
Published: December 2020

The characteristics of fruits are varying based on moisture content. The sulphur is fumigated to copra as preservative. As per WHO report the 65% children are suffered with asthmatic are sensitive and 75% of children are changes in behavior. It is difficult to identify sulphur added copra manually. In this proposed work drying process is used to identify the sulphur content of copra by comparative analysis with normal copra. The drying process leads to change in features like shape, colour and texture content of copra. The copra is dried in tray drier at 60°C for a regular interval of time. The image is capture at regular interval of time, GLCM features are extracted and compared between sulphur added and normal copra. The results are analyzed at different levels.
Successful strategies implemented in active learning: ECE Perspective
Authors: Chitti Sridevi , Tarun Kumar J. , Ramchandar Rao P. , Padmaja Ch. , Shilpa N.
Published: December 2020

This paper summarizes the different pedagogies used in teaching various courses of electronics and communication engineering in classrooms and laboratories. These activities may be clustered under ‘active learning’, It is described the Activities and the different attributes associated with each activity, together with the advantages of using them is discussed in this paper. The above activity model instead of just a single finished lecture model. The desire to increase learning between students has exploded while making the topics increasingly interesting for them, they studied several of these techniques internationally as successful teaching Procedures. Traditionally, lecturers might think they do an active learning when they ask questions and a often few students respond or talk within the same group of people happens now and then. While this includes student participation, it only involves a small fraction of a broad class Which is not ideal in terms of gain for the class as a whole and class individuals. Active Learning takes place in your class by asking a question, posing a problem, or throwing some type of dispute with them; Ask your students to respond individually, or in pairs or in small groups; give them some time to do it; interrupt them, and invite one or more individuals or groups to share with the class their answers.. This paper ends with a variety of validated ways to implement active learning approaches in engineering class and also suggested the appropriate active learning scheme for different courses such as introductory, problematic, having more equations, project based, laboratories and many more. The survey/feedback is conducted among the students to suggest the suitable practice for suitable course.
Innovative use of brick wastes as coarse aggregate in concrete
Authors: Bheel Naraindas , Rajesh Kumar K , Kumar Ashok , Bhagam Rehana , Adesina Adeyemi , Meghwar ShankerLal , Memon Noor Ahmed
Published: December 2020

Coarse aggregates occupy the largest volume in concrete which is one of the most widely used construction material as per industry surveys. The depleting supply of coarse aggregate coupled with the high greenhouse gasses emissions from its processing and transportation has resulted in a need to find alternativesthat can be utilized as coarse aggregate. Of such materials that are available in abundance locally in Pakistan are brick wastes that are generated from the construction and demolition processes. In order to evaluate the feasibility of using brick wastes as coarse aggregate in producing concrete, this study was undertaken. Six concrete mixtures were made by incorporating brick wastes as a replacement for the natural coarse aggregates and the corresponding properties evaluated. The properties evaluated are the slump, density, compressive strength and flexural strength. Results from this study indicated that the use of brick wastes as coarse aggregates in concrete resulted in a decrease in the slump and mechanical properties. However, concrete mixtures incorporating brick wastes up to 100% replacement of natural coarse aggregate exhibited flexural and compressive strength higher than 2 MPa and 10 MPa respectively. Nonetheless, the incorporation of brick wastes as coarse aggregate resulted in a decrease in density due to its lower bulk density in comparison to that of the natural coarse aggregate.
Laboratory Evaluation of Bearing Capacity of Footing onClayeyBed Overlaid with Geocell Sand Mattress
Authors: Heeralal M , Praveen G V , Bharath Naik D , Rajesh Adla , Kurre Pandu
Published: December 2020

The non–availability and scarcity of suitable construction soils at several worksites has led to the increased usage of soils with inadequate engineering properties. With regard this reason there is a dire necessity for in–situ modification of foundation soils to improve their engineering properties and to obtain adequate bearing capacity. Despite several existing methods of soil improvement techniques, the soil reinforcement is considered to be prominent methods of ground improvement techniques. These days three dimensional method and technique of soil confinement using geocells is gaining reputation for enhancement of bearing capacity of such soils. In the present investigation, the laboratory experimentation was planned and performed various tests to explore the prospective advantages of embedding geocell reinforced sand mattress laid on soil subgrade (clayey soil). Test parameters that varied during the testing included are thickness of plain sand layer and height (clear distance) of geocell sand mattress laid above the clay bed. The experimental results have shown that a considerable enhancement in load carrying capacity. It could be achieved by the spreading of geocell reinforced sand mattress above the clayey bed. Further, it is noted from the test results that, almost 5–fold improvement in bearing capacity is attained by providing geocell reinforced sand mattress embedded in sand layer of thickness equal to twice the dimensions of the footing i.e., 2B (B is the width of footing).
Investigation of strength and impact charecteristics of blended Self cured concrete
Authors: Udaya Banu T , Rajamane N P , Gobinath R , Sudharshan E
Published: December 2020

Concrete is widely accepted as a durable construction material and being used across the globe for Civil engineering construction. Production of concrete is proved to be unsustainable owing to high amount of CO2 release and solutions being promoted to make it sustainable, also concrete strength and durability enhancement needed to be envisaged due to increased demand. Several attempts were made to produce concrete using multiple admixtures, in this research work we had made an attempt to develop a Geopolymer based concrete ( cementless) by incorporating Ground granulated Blast Furnace slag and fly ash with alkaline binder solution prepared in different molarities ( 10M, 12M, 14M). The mixture is casted and tested for strength and impact resistance after curing for 28 days in sunlight (non-thermal curing). Promising results were obtained in this study with 11M and 14M solutions based geopolymer concrete showing good strength results concerned with compressive and impact strength. Specifically, designed impact strength testing equipment is used in this study which is a novel work done and a cylindrical specimen of 100 mm diameter and 50 mm thickness is used to study impact resistance of concrete.
RF-Automatic Traffic Clearance System for Ambulance using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Swapna V. , Dr Arun Prasath R.
Published: December 2020

Traffic congestion is the one of the reason for accidents and delay for ambulance journey to save patients life. Due to that ambulances reach the hospital. To avoid this problem and providing solution for this we designing a smart and easily transporting system. The proposed system implemented with RF transmitter module activation. When the RF receiver signal receives the data then second section receive the data through RF receiver and turn traffic signals to green. The proposed approach is fully automated controlling the traffic lights thereby helping to reach the hospital in time. By using RF technology it can sends the data to traffic system when the ambulance vehicle is art longer distance then traffic automatically turns to clear traffic for this vehicle. Then only the emergency vehicle is quickly served and can reach the destination in time.
Machine Learning based Patient Face Recognition and Medicine Dispensing System using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Azher Mohammed Abdul , Jeevana Jyothi K.
Published: December 2020

Machine Learning in healthcare connecting physical devices by exchanging information, Observation and monitoring patient progress and needs. These devices senses collect data and sends symptoms of patient in local database. Proposed system provides patient pills dispenser using raspberry pi. If patient is authorized then dispense medicine if not buzzer alerts. Our project is to make Raspberry pi based Smart medicine dispensing box which uses Machine Learning based patient face recognition. The upcoming feature in our system is that it can monitor the patients ID, depends on ID it recognize patient disease as per previous data base of patient then automatically this dispensing system medicine accordingly. This is reducing the traffic in hospitals and saves patient and doctor time.
Blockchain Based Public Cloud Security for E-Voting System on IoT Environment
Authors: Vijaya Kumar A , Sarvani Gabbita Viswa , Satya Dama
Published: December 2020

Digital Technology is inevitable for better life of the people. Voting by people plays the vital role in democracy as the leaders will be elected by it. IoT helps many edge devices to interact with a Cloud for storage and computation of the Voting results. The major concern for the Voter is whether the vote casted by him is tamperproof or not. Though Cloud offerings are started a decade ago still information security in the cloud is always a concern. This paper focuses on creating a tamperproof framework to ensure the data Integrity. It proposes a novel approach where the user can cast the vote from any of the electronic devices with a unique ID allotted to him, a two-step authentication can be applied like OTP to ensure the security. The votes from these edge devices will be sent to the untrusted third party public cloud for computation, the votes will be saved in the encrypted format. The computation will be done on encrypted data. The Block chain based workflow ensures that the votes which are shared in the encrypted format will not be tampered to ensure trust and Integrity to the proposed model. The model also can be extended to many public shared e-models like E-Auction and healthcare systems.
Effect Of The Support Structure On Flexural Properties Of Fabricated Part At Different Parameters In The Fdm Process
Authors: Sammaiah Pulla , Chaitanya Krishna D. , Sai Mounika S. , Rajasri Reddy I , Karthik T.
Published: December 2020

Traditional fused deposition modeling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing method in which a part is fabricated using layer upon layer approach. Due to the imminent nature of this approach, support structures are needed to sustain overhanging elements of the parts, particularly for the production of metal components and complex geometries. Several works are going on to minimize the usage of supports by using improved support strategies. However, the use of different support strategies at different pre-defined machine settings may lead to varied properties of the final printed part. In this work, the influence of support strategies on flexural properties at four different parameters is experimentally determined in the fused deposition modeling process. Two support strategies, Line and Grid, are adopted while fabricating the same 3D part at three different printer parameter settings. The flexural properties of the samples are compared for assessing the impact of two support strategies, as well as the support material usage and printing time. Results reveal that two support methods lead to varied flexural strength and print qualities at varied parameters.
Monitoring and load regulation of photovoltaic solar energy conversion system using internet of things
Authors: Rajababu Durgam , Arabelli Rajeshwarrao , Sucharitha P , Rajeshwar Reddy K
Published: December 2020

Worldwide, all the countries looking towards the renewable energy based electrical power generation. The solar energy is the primary renewable energy source. In the photovoltaic solar energy conversion system (PVSECS), the electrical energy is generated from the solar energy. In the rural area, operation and maintenance of PVSECS is difficult. If the systems are monitored through online, only under repairing conditions, the respective expert will visit the plant and it reduces the operating cost. In this paper, presents the maximum power point tracking is maintained by controller (ESP32), light dependent resistors, and DC servomotors with driver circuit. The load is regulated by the controller using relays and the data send to the cloud. This data is useful for the online monitoring of the system. A prototype of PVSECS is developed and its simulation results also presented in various conditions.
Effect of electric field on movement of conducting particles in single phase GIB
Authors: Subrahmanyam KBVSR , Reddy Ravula Shashi Kumar , Deshmukh Ram , Joshi P.
Published: December 2020

Usually, the electric field can be determined for a simple physical system using analytical method in a GIB. But for a complex system, it is very complicated to find out and so, numerical methods like FDM, FEM, CSM are employed. Movement pattern i.epeak radial movement simulation done for Al and Cu particles for field calculation using CSM for levels of voltages namely 75kV, 100kV, 132kV, 145kV, in a 1-ϕ GIB.For Simulating Aluminium and Copper particles movement, peak radial and axial movements needs thorough particle dynamics understanding. Simulation is done by taking into accountmany forces like drag, gravitational and the forces of electrostatic in nature on particle and a mathematical modelling was done. Detailed analysis was made, and, in this paper, all the results of simulation are shown.
Frequency stability of interconnected power systems using atom search optimization algorithm
Authors: Shiva Chandan Kumar , Vedik B. , Kumar Ritesh , Sravan Kumar K.
Published: December 2020

This paper explores the dynamic controller design issue for load frequency control (LFC) of a practical interconnected power system model. In view of this, the three-degree-of-freedom proportional-integral-derivative (3DOF-PID) controller architecture and LFC performance analysis for the proposed atom search optimization (ASO) is presented. The consistency of the form and acceptability of the well-known PID controller’s responses ultimately enforces to use in this work. The proposed ASO algorithm efficiently combines search space discovery and exploitation that yield promising solutions at the termination condition. The test system investigated is a four-area model with each region consisting of identical thermal unit. The system is also connected in one area with an interline power flow controller. The simulation results presented showed the superiority of ASO based 3DOF-PID controller in terms of settling time, peak variance, and magnitude of oscillation.
Design, Analysis and Tuning of an Optimal Controller for an AVR: A Simulation Approach
Authors: Sahoo Dr. Satyabrata , Mahesh Dr. V.
Published: December 2020

Terminal voltage of the generator keeps changing when there is a mismatch between generator supply and load demand. Particularly when load increases terminal voltage of the generator decreases. This problem can be mitigated by the use of reactive power but it leads to the damage of stator winding. To overcome this Automatic voltage regulator (AVR) is used. But it is not robust. To enhance the stability and working of an AVR system, an optimal PID controller is used. In this paper, a combination of Bacteria Foraging (BF) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used for regulating the strictures of PID controller of an AVR to get the better optimization parameter values. The performance of the algorithm is studied using MATLAB and is equated with the Bacterial Foraging algorithm and Particle swarm Optimization. Simulation outcome evidently clarify that the suggested approach is very effective and efficient as compared to further population centered global optimization algorithms.
Design of PV Array Using Boost Converter by Incremental Conductance Mppt Power Technique
Authors: Anitha S , Vinay Kumar Reddy Ch. , Balaram G , Ranadheer Reddy G.
Published: December 2020

The increasing demand of future power requirements Photovoltaic (pv) systems to be a better alternatives. At present situation sunlight has huge priority. It is freely available resource for power production. The output of this system is subjected to change in the sunlight and temperature. To grasp more energy from the solar array the MPPT can play the crucial function in photovoltaic systems. MPPT is mainly raise the productivity of Photovoltaic system. This paper presents the design of pv array using step-up chopper by MPPT technique.
Palm print Biometric Authentication System for Security Applications
Authors: Dappuri Bhasker , Srija Vidadala , Dhanne Basava
Published: December 2020

Biometric technology can offer better protection improved accuracy to protect personal classifications and very access control problems. This has turned into a developing innovation as of late because of the exchange fakes, security ruptures and personal identification and so forth. It gives each person a special code that can not be repeated or produced by anyone, and the splendour of biometric invention. These mechanisms are commonly accepted in the networking society and are replacing passwords and keys due to their trustworthiness, their simplicity and the steady increase in protection requests. We have here implemented an extraordinary protected palm print identification method with removal from region of interest ( ROI), using a morphological process, using the use of an undecimedbiorthogonal wavelet (UDBW) to eliminate the low-level features of the included palm prints to create its relevant features (FV) to resolve the drawbacks of a single fingerprint identification system.
A Survey on Fresh Produce Grading Algorithms Using Machine Learning And Image Processing Techniques
Authors: AmeethaJunaina Mrs. T K , Ebenezer Abishek Dr. B , Rajendren Dr. Vr , Mohammed Dr. Shakir , Sathish Kumar Dr. P
Published: December 2020

Agriculture has been the backbone of the Indian economy. Automation in the agriculture field helps to improve productivity and economic growth. The export market for fresh produce requires fast and reliable fruit and vegetable quality detection techniques. The traditional manual system of quality assessment is a time consuming and tedious task which is more prone to error. The goal of supply-chain management is to add product value by maintaining quality, reduce wastage of fresh produce, retain consumers by keeping customer satisfaction, and increase the profitability. Researches are going on in various domain to develop a fast and reliable automated fruit quality grading system which helps to meet the food value goals of supply-chain. This paper focuses on a detailed survey of the researches being carried out on various techniques used in post-harvest grading of fresh produces using computer vision, image processing and machine learning techniques. Few papers have been reviewed and discussed here pertaining to the above techniques. The advantages and shortcomings of various methods are also mentioned. This comprehensive paper will give researchers a deeper insight to the state of the art technologies in fresh produce grading system.
Animatronic Hand for Collecting Samples From Human-Corona Test
Authors: Perarasi Ms. M. , Vanitha K , Sankamitra R K , Sumathisree A , Vishnu priya K S , Prabavathy D
Published: December 2020

Human-origin corona viruses have proved to be a possible source of acute respiratory tract disease in humans. Their function in the upper respiratory aetiology of kids is not so sure. At least 412 medical professionals were exposed to these diseases. As of April 22For COVID-19, at least 96 physicians & 156 nursing staff in the whole of India positively identified. As at least 826 hospital professionals who had interaction with infectious employees at least 20 hospitals were able to pass much of this virus to patients in the hospital had to avoid these transmissions, we developed an animatronics hand to sample a human. Animation uses mechatronics to create machines that seem to move rather than mechanize. Since the robot body would cost so much, we opted for a shadow hand instead.
A proposal of strong and weak phases in second-order topological insulators
Authors: Komori Shiryu , Kondo Kenji
Published: December 2020

Recently, it has been discovered theoretically that there exist novel types of 3-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) whose gapless states manifest themselves at 1-dimensional hinges. They are called second-order topological insulators (SOTIs). Most mathematical models of SOTIs compose of conventional strong topological insulators (STIs) and additional mass terms In this paper, we investigate whether the models made based on weak topological insulators (WTIs) can have hinge states as the same as those made based on the STIs. We found that the models based on WTIs have only trivial

Z

2

index determined by the Wilson loop formalism unlike the models based on STIs. However, they can be regarded as stacking of 2-dimensional SOTIs along the z direction. Thus, we propose that there are topologically three different phases in our considering system: ordinary insulator, strong SOTI, and weak SOTI phases. This classification suggests the existence of other topological invariants besides the

Z

2

index. Finally, we propose new indices which can distinguish weak SOTIs from ordinary insulators.
Air Pollution and Risk of Placental Abruption: A Study of Births in New York City, 2008–2014
Authors: Huang Yongmei , Kioumourtzoglou Marianthi-Anna , Mittleman Murray A , Ross Zev , Williams Michelle A , Friedman Alexander M , Schwartz Joel , Wapner Ronald J , Ananth Cande V
Published: December 2020

We evaluated the associations of exposure to fine particulate matter (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) at concentrations of <12 μg/m3, 12–14 μg/m3, and ≥15 μg/m3) and nitrogen dioxide (at concentrations of <26 parts per billion (ppb), 26–29 ppb, and ≥30 ppb) with placental abruption in a prospective cohort study of 685,908 pregnancies in New York, New York (2008–2014). In copollutant analyses, these associations were examined using distributed-lag nonlinear models based on Cox models. The prevalence of abruption was 0.9% (n = 6,025). Compared with a PM2.5 concentration less than 12 μg/m3, women exposed to PM2.5 levels of ≥15 μg/m3 in the third trimester had a higher rate of abruption (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.41, 2.00). Compared with a nitrogen dioxide concentration less than 26 ppb, women exposed to nitrogen dioxide levels of 26–29 ppb (HR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.20) and ≥30 ppb (HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.24) in the first trimester had higher rates of abruption. Compared with both PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide levels less than the 95th percentile in the third trimester, rates of abruption were increased with both PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide ≥95th percentile (HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.80) and PM2.5 ≥95th percentile and nitrogen dioxide <95th percentile (HR = 1.43 95% CI: 1.23, 1.66). Increased levels of PM2.5 exposure in the third trimester and nitrogen dioxide exposure in the first trimester are associated with elevated rates of placental abruption, suggesting that these exposures may be important triggers of premature placental separation through different pathways.
Desistance in Context: Understanding the Effects of Subculture on the Desistance Process During Reintegration
Authors: Bell Shane , Butler Michelle , Lawther Cheryl
Published: December 2020

Despite a growth in desistance research, our understanding of how local external factors may affect the desistance process as people transition from prison to society remains limited. Drawing on qualitative data from two neighbourhoods in Northern Ireland, it is argued that subcultural factors in neighbourhoods can play a key role in influencing desistance during reintegration by shaping the opportunities that individuals have to access, use and sell drugs, their experiences of social integration/exclusion and processes of surveillance and collective efficacy. It is argued that there is a need to better incorporate the effects of local external factors, including subcultural norms and values, into existing desistance theories if we are to fully understand how neighbourhood context can affect desistance during reintegration.
Sleep deprivation impairs molecular clearance from the human brain
Authors: Eide Per Kristian , Vinje Vegard , Pripp Are Hugo , Mardal Kent-Andre , Ringstad Geir
Published: December 2020

It remains an enigma why human beings spend one-third of their life asleep. Experimental data suggest that sleep is required for clearance of waste products from brain metabolism. This has, however, never been verified in humans. The primary aim of the present study was to examine in vivo whether one night of total sleep deprivation affects molecular clearance from the human brain. Secondarily, we examined whether clearance was affected by subsequent sleep. Multiphase MRI with standardized T1 sequences was performed up to 48 h after intrathecal administration of the contrast agent gadobutrol (0.5 ml of 1 mmol/ml), which served as a tracer molecule. Using FreeSurfer software, we quantified tracer enrichment within 85 brain regions as percentage change from baseline of normalized T1 signals. The cerebral tracer enrichment was compared between two cohorts of individuals; one cohort (n = 7) underwent total sleep deprivation from Day 1 to Day 2 (sleep deprivation group) while an age and gender-matched control group (n = 17; sleep group) was allowed free sleep from Day 1 to Day 2. From Day 2 to 3 all individuals were allowed free sleep. The tracer enriched the brains of the two groups similarly. Sleep deprivation was the sole intervention. One night of sleep deprivation impaired clearance of the tracer substance from most brain regions, including the cerebral cortex, white matter and limbic structures, as demonstrated on the morning of Day 2 after intervention (sleep deprivation/sleep). Moreover, the impaired cerebral clearance in the sleep deprivation group was not compensated by subsequent sleep from Day 2 to 3. The present results provide in vivo evidence that one night of total sleep deprivation impairs molecular clearance from the human brain, and that humans do not catch up on lost sleep.
Association Between Lymphopenia at 1 Month Posttransplant and Infectious Outcomes or Death in Heart Transplant Recipients
Authors: Perry Whitney A , Paulus Jessica K , Price Lori Lyn , Snydman David R , Chow Jennifer K
Published: December 2020

Background

Cell-mediated immunity is a specific target of several medications used to prevent or treat rejection in orthotopic heart transplantation. Low absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) has potential to be a useful and accessible clinical indicator of overall infection risk. Though some studies have demonstrated this association in other transplant populations, it has not been assessed in heart transplant recipients.

Methods

A single-center retrospective cohort study examined adult heart transplant recipients transplanted between 2000 and 2018. The exposure of interest was ALC ≤0.75 × 103 cells/µL at 1 month posttransplant, and the primary endpoint was a composite outcome of infection (including cytomegalovirus [CMV], herpes simplex I/II or varicella zoster virus [HSV/VZV], bloodstream infection [BSI], invasive fungal infection [IFI]) or death occurring after 1 month and before 1 year posttransplant. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was created to control for confounders identified using clinical judgment and statistical criteria.

Results

Of 375 subjects analyzed, 101 (27%) developed the composite outcome (61 CMV, 3 HSV/VZV, 19 BSI, 10 IFI, 8 deaths). Lymphopenia (ALC ≤0.75 × 103 cells/µL) at 1 month was associated with a >2-fold higher rate of the composite outcome (hazard ratio [HR], 2.26 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.47–3.46]; P < .001) compared to patients without lymphopenia at 1 month. After adjustment for confounding variables, the presence of lymphopenia remained statistically significantly associated with the composite outcome (HR, 1.72 [95% CI, 1.08–2.75]; P = .02).

Conclusions

ALC measured at 1 month after heart transplant is associated with an increased risk of infectious outcomes or death in the ensuing 11 months. This is a simple, accessible laboratory measure.
Comparing the Diagnostic Performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus to Other Tests of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Oh Chi Eun , Ortiz-Brizuela Edgar , Bastos Mayara L , Menzies Dick
Published: December 2020

Background

We conducted a review to compare the sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and predictive ability of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) with that of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT; QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) and other latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) tests.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from January 2013 through May 2020. We included studies comparing QFT-Plus with at least one other LTBI test. We estimated sensitivity from studies of patients with active tuberculosis, and specificity from studies of healthy individuals with low risk of LTBI. Three independent reviewers evaluated eligibility, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias.

Results

Compared with QFT-GIT, the sensitivity of QFT-Plus in patients with active TB was 1.3% higher (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.3% to 2.9%); in 2 studies of patients with very low probability of LTBI, the specificity was 0.9% lower (95% CI, −2.4% to 0.6%). These differences were not statistically significant. The agreement between QFT-Plus and QFT-GIT was high, with a pooled Cohen’s kappa statistic of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.88). The reproducibility of QFT-GIT and QFT-Plus was similarly poor. All participants in the studies to estimate sensitivity were aged ≥15 years, and only 6 were people living with human immunodeficiency virus. We found no studies to assess predictive ability.

Conclusions

QFT-Plus has diagnostic performance that is very similar to that of QFT-GIT. Further studies are needed to assess the sensitivity of QFT-Plus in immunocompromised patients and younger children before concluding if this new version offers advantages.