bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculation of Fatigue Capacity for a Subsea Wellhead Connector
Authors: Hashemizadeh Seyed H. , Sunkavilli Venu , Hørte Torfinn , Osen Per
Published: December 2020

In the 2019 version of DNVGL-RP-C203 Fatigue Design of Offshore Steel Structures, significantly improved methods have been added on how to establish M-N curves representing the fatigue resistance of preloaded connectors subject to cyclic bending. The M-N curve parameters are typically provided by the manufacturer and used by operators and drilling contractors for calculating the wellhead fatigue life for planned drilling operations.

DNVGL-RP-C203 provides specific advice on how to establish design M-N curves based on analysis, and the augmentation by possible testing, where testing may grant more favorable M-N curves and thus extended fatigue life for any given case.

The paper provides background and introduction to the improved analysis methodology and relevant S-N curves for high-strength steels for wellhead systems, given in the 2019 version of the DNVGL-RP-C203. It includes a worked example in order to demonstrate the detailed use of the method, applied on a Baker Hughes preloaded BOP connector, connected to a 27” wellhead mandrel. This example describes the finite element model set up, FE model mesh refinement in hot-spots, the application of cyclic loads, extraction of hot-spot cyclic stresses, and the establishment of the M-N curve for the connector.
Model Test Study on Anti-Rolling of Ship at Zero Speed
Authors: Wei Yuefeng , Yang Yi , Fan Sheming , Liu Zhen , Feng Peiyuan
Published: December 2020

Model test is carried out to study the anti-rolling method of ship at zero speed in the present paper. First of all, based on the longitudinal flap mode, a zero speed fin stabilizer is designed. Furthermore, a control strategy for anti-rolling of ship at zero speed is proposed. At last, both regular and irregular wave tests are performed in towing tank. It can be shown from the test results that anti-rolling effectiveness of the zero speed fin stabilizer is obvious. Under level four sea condition, the effectiveness of anti-rolling is more than 40%. And under level five sea condition, the effectiveness of anti-rolling is more than 35%.
A General Nonlinear Wavemaker Theory for Intermediate- to Deep-Water Waves Using Inverse Scattering Transform
Authors: Mohtat Ali , Yim Solomon C. , Adami Nasim , Lomonaco Pedro
Published: December 2020

Analysis and generation of (nonlinear) intermediate- to deep-water waves with large steepness in experimental facilities are some of the most challenging tasks in wave mechanics. The inherent instability of water waves in deep-water waves makes the linear-based wave generation and analysis less accurate and incapable of generating and characterizing correctly nonlinear behavior of the target wave field. In this presented research, a detailed assessment of the wavemaker theories and steps included in experimental approaches are presented. After establishing the nonlinear behavior of generated intermediate- to deep-water waves, a novel wavemaker theory based on the nonlinear Schrödinger equation is proposed. The implementation of the proposed wavemaker theory shows its capability of generating deep-water waves more accurately and preserving the correct order of nonlinearity.
Minimal stratigraphic evidence for coseismic coastal subsidence during 2000 yr of megathrust earthquakes at the central Cascadia subduction zone
Authors: Nelson Alan R. , Hawkes Andrea D. , Sawai Yuki , Horton Ben P. , Witter Rob C. , Bradley Lee-Ann , Cahill Niamh
Published: December 2020

Lithology and microfossil biostratigraphy beneath the marshes of a central Oregon estuary limit geophysical models of Cascadia megathrust rupture during successive earthquakes by ruling out >0.5 m of coseismic coastal subsidence for the past 2000 yr. Although the stratigraphy in cores and outcrops includes as many as 12 peat-mud contacts, like those commonly inferred to record subsidence during megathrust earthquakes, mapping, qualitative diatom analysis, foraminiferal transfer function analysis, and 14C dating of the contacts failed to confirm that any contacts formed through subsidence during great earthquakes. Based on the youngest peat-mud contact’s distinctness, >400 m distribution, ∼0.6 m depth, and overlying probable tsunami deposit, we attribute it to the great 1700 CE Cascadia earthquake and(or) its accompanying tsunami. Minimal changes in diatom assemblages from below the contact to above its probable tsunami deposit suggest that the lower of several foraminiferal transfer function reconstructions of coseismic subsidence across the contact (0.1–0.5 m) is most accurate. The more limited stratigraphic extent and minimal changes in lithology, foraminifera, and(or) diatom assemblages across the other 11 peat-mud contacts are insufficient to distinguish them from contacts formed through small, gradual, or localized changes in tide levels during river floods, storm surges, and gradual sea-level rise. Although no data preclude any contacts from being synchronous with a megathrust earthquake, the evidence is equally consistent with all contacts recording relative sea-level changes below the ∼0.5 m detection threshold for distinguishing coseismic from nonseismic changes.
Apparent superluminal velocities and random walk in the velocity space
Authors: Sen Abhijit , Silagadze Zurab K.
Published: December 2020

We conjecture that the random walk and the corresponding diffusion in the relativistic velocity space is an adequate method for describing the acceleration process in relativistic jets. Considering a simple toy model, the main features of diffusion in the velocity space are demonstrated in both non-relativistic and relativistic regimes.
Synthesis, XRD analysis and electronic structure of InGaTe2 chain semiconductor
Authors: Gojayev E. M. , Osmanova S. S. , Safarova S. I. , Gafarova D. M.
Published: December 2020

In this work, we developed a technology for growing a single crystal of a ternary compound, using the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), we studied the surface microrelief in 2D and 3D modes, using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, determined the parameters of the unit cell of this phase and revealed that it crystallizes in tetragonal symmetry with lattice parameters [Formula: see text] Å and [Formula: see text] Å, space group I4/mcm. Using the density functional method, using the ABINIT software package, using the Troiller–Martins pseudopotentials in the basis of plane waves, the band structure was calculated, the origin of the valence and conduction bands was determined. It was revealed that this phase is a direct-gap semiconductor with a bandgap of 0.56 eV. The parameters of the InGaTe2 unit cell were calculated by the pseudopotential and linearized attached plane wave (LAPW) methods, the theoretical and experimental values of the lattice parameters are in good agreement. Based on the band structure, the effective masses of electrons and holes are determined. It is shown that the tensors of the inverse effective mass for both extreme have a diagonal form.
Analyzing opto-electronic and transport characteristics of ZnSc2Se4and CdSc2Se4spinels for opto-electronic and energy storage devices
Authors: Mahmood Asif , Ramay Shahid M. , Al-Masry Waheed , Al-Zahrani Ateyah A. , Al-Garadi Najib Y. A.
Published: December 2020

ZnSc2Se4and CdSc2Se4spinels in cubic phase are analyzed by using ab-initio total energy calculations in order to examine their structure along with optoelectronic and thermoelectric characteristics. We used Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBEsol) generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to evaluate the structural parameters and found that our predicted parameters are good compared with existing other theoretical and experimental results. In addition, we employed the recently developed modified Becke and Johnson (mBJ) potential for the prediction of accurate electronic bandgap measurements of ZnSc2Se4and CdSc2Se4. By employing mBJ potential, direct bandgap nature of studied spinels is absorbed from electronic band structure plots, which indicate that bandgap decreases as cation Zn is replaced by Cd. Predicted values of bandgap are [Formula: see text] eV for ZnSc2Se4and [Formula: see text] eV for CdSc2Se4using mBJ potential representing the studied spinels which play a vital role in the field of opto-electronic devices operating in visible range of spectrum. On the basis of direct bandgaps nature, we also investigate optical characteristic in detail as a function of incident photon energy (0–12 eV). Further, electronic transport characteristic of studied spinels is also investigated with respect to temperature (K) and chemical potential (eV) for their application in energy storage devices.
Matrices that are integral over the base ring
Authors: Grover Harpreet K. , Khurana Anjana , Khurana Dinesh
Published: December 2020

We study matrices over arbitrary rings that are integral over the base ring. For any ring [Formula: see text], let [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. We prove that for any pairwise commuting elements [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text]. As a corollary, it follows that for [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] commutative ring, if [Formula: see text] are pairwise commuting matrices such that [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text]. This result, which is a generalization of the Cayley–Hamilton Theorem, was proved by Phillips in 1919. For a positive integer [Formula: see text], we prove that if every matrix in [Formula: see text] satisfies a monic polynomial of degree [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] is commutative. On the other hand, every diagonal matrix in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], satisfies a monic polynomial of degree [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text] precisely when [Formula: see text] is a left duo ring. We prove that if every diagonal matrix in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], is [Formula: see text]-integral, then [Formula: see text] is Dedekind finite.
Regular Hom–Lie structures on strictly upper triangular matrix Lie algebras
Authors: Chen Zhengxin , Yu Yalong
Published: December 2020

A Hom-structure on a Lie algebra [Formula: see text] is a linear map [Formula: see text] which satisfies the Hom–Jacobi identity [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text]. A Hom-structure is called regular if [Formula: see text] is also a Lie algebra isomorphism. Let [Formula: see text] be the Lie algebra consisting of all strictly upper triangular [Formula: see text] matrices over a field [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we prove that if [Formula: see text], any regular Hom-structure [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] is a product of a special inner automorphism, an extremal inner automorphism and a central automorphism of [Formula: see text]. As its application, the set of all regular Hom-structures on [Formula: see text] forms a normal subgroup of the automorphism group of [Formula: see text].
Minimal reflexive nonsemicommutative rings
Authors: Chimal-Dzul Henry , Szabo Steve
Published: December 2020

It has recently been shown that a minimal reversible nonsymmetric ring has order 256 answering a question originally posed in a paper on a taxonomy of 2-primal rings. In a different work, questions on minimal rings having to do with this taxonomy were also answered. In this work it is shown that a minimal abelian reflexive nonsemicommutative ring also has order 256, a related question left open in these previous works. It is also shown here that [Formula: see text] is such a minimal ring. This is a consequence of the main result of the paper which is that a finite abelian reflexive ring of order [Formula: see text] for some prime [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is reversible.
China’s Transition to Green Development: Process, Challenges and Responsive Measures
Authors: WANG Yiming
Published: December 2020

Since the reform and opening up, China has made unremitting explorations of a transition to green development and promoted economic development to get rid of dependence on high consumption, high emissions and environmental damage, and shift to a green development mode that can help in the mutual promotion between economic growth and resource conservation, emission reduction and environmental improvement. This paper elaborates China’s progress and challenges in its transition to green development and provides responsive measures for future green transformation with Chinese characteristics.
Hydration and Dehydration in Earth's Interior
Authors: Ohtani Eiji
Published: December 2020

Hydrogen and deuterium isotopic evidence indicates that the source of terrestrial water was mostly meteorites, with additional influx from nebula gas during accretion. There are two Earth models, with large (7–12 ocean masses) and small (1–4 ocean masses) water budgets that can explain the geochemical, cosmochemical, and geological observations. Geophysical and mineral physics data indicate that the upper and lower mantles are generally dry, whereas the mantle transition zone is wetter, with heterogeneous water distribution. Subducting slabs are a source of water influx, and there are three major sites of deep dehydration: the base of the upper mantle, and the top and bottom of the lower mantle in addition to slabs in the shallow upper mantle. Hydrated regions surround these dehydration sites. The core may be a hidden reservoir of hydrogen under the large water budget model. ▪  Earth is a water planet. Where and when was water delivered, and how much? How does water circulate in Earth? This review looks at the current answers to these fundamental questions.
The Continuing Dilemma of Race and Class in the Study of American Political Behavior
Authors: Harris Fredrick C. , Rivera-Burgos Viviana
Published: December 2020

This article traces the development of the study of race and class in American political behavior. It starts by challenging the American exceptionalism thesis, particularly its premises regarding the diminutive role of social class and the absence of serious discussions about race. It then critically reviews the conventional scholarship on American political behavior and its reliance on objective indicators of social class as predictors of political preferences and participation. The article also highlights studies that have conceived of class as an important social identity and have thus measured it subjectively. It then discusses the surge of identity studies in the field of race, ethnicity, and politics (REP) and the turn toward an intersectional approach that rarely includes social class. The article ends with a discussion of the handful of studies that do consider the intersections of race and class, and underscores the need for more research of this type to advance our understanding of contemporary American political behavior.
Association between Urinary Iodine Concentration and Thyroid Nodules in Adults: A Cross‐Sectional Study in China
Authors: Sun Hui , Wang Hanyu , Lian Xiaolan , Liu Chao , Shi Bingyin , Shi Lixin , Tong Nanwei , Wang Shu , Weng Jianping , Zhao Jiajun , Zhang Jiaoyue , Zheng Juan , Hu Xiang , Tu Yunxia , Yu Li , Shan Zhongyan , Teng Weiping , Chen Lulu
Published: December 2020

Background. Associations between iodine intake and thyroid nodules (TNs) were not consistent. We aimed to illustrate the relationship between urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and TNs. Methods. A total of 12,698 participants were enrolled in analysis. All of the participants filled out questionnaires and underwent physical examinations, laboratory tests, and thyroid ultrasonography. UIC, serum thyrotropin (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) were measured in the central laboratory. Results. The prevalence of TNs was 16.00%, and the median UIC was 206.1 μg/L. TNs and UIC were negatively related when UIC was less than 527 μg/L (adjusted OR = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.80, 0.94), and the relationship between UIC and TNs was not statistically significant when UIC was greater than 527 μg/L (adjusted OR = 1.25; 95% CI, 0.98, 1.60). In women, UIC was negatively associated with risk for TNs (adjusted OR 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91, 0.99). Conclusion. The relationship between TNs and UIC differed between men and women. The risk of TNs decreased with the elevation of UIC in men when UIC was lower than 527 μg/L, while UIC and the presence of TNs were negatively correlated in women. In the future, cohort studies or other studies that can explain causality must be conducted to explore the relationship between iodine status and TNs.
Replacement of Cable Stays in Yonghe Bridge in Tianjin, China
Authors: Li Hongjiang
Published: December 2020

Cable replacement is one of the most important approaches for retrofitting an existing cable‐stayed bridge. The Yonghe Bridge opened to traffic in 1987 and was the largest concrete cable‐stayed bridge in Asia at the time. After nearly 20 years in service, its stay‐cable system was completely replaced. The present paper details the key technical points of cable replacement in this bridge, including causes of replacement, cable replacement design, construction monitoring during replacement, and cable tension tuning after replacement. Based on the measurements during construction, the variation in structural condition indexes was thoroughly investigated, such as cable forces throughout the bridge, geometry profile of bridge deck, and tower horizontal displacements. The structural changes due to cable replacement were evaluated, and then, a relatively desirable scheme of cable adjustment was correspondingly put forward. The measured results showed that, influenced by the accumulated tolerances of cable forces during construction, cable replacement may often lead to a further deviation of structural condition. In this instance, cable adjustment is an effective compensation measure to improve the overall structural condition of the bridge. The practice of cable replacement in the Yonghe Bridge has provided some valuable experience or beneficial references for the similar retrofitting cases.
Effect of Repeated Wetting‐Drying‐Freezing‐Thawing Cycles on the Mechanic Properties and Pore Characteristics of Compacted Loess
Authors: Wang Fei , Li Guoyu , Ma Wei , Mu Yanhu , Zhou Zhiwei , Zhang Jun , Chen Dun , Zhao Jinshuai
Published: December 2020

A series of laboratory experiments, including oedometer tests, direct shear tests, and mercury intrusion porosity (MIP) tests, were conducted to investigate the effects of repeated wetting‐drying‐freezing‐thawing (WDFT) cycles on the mechanic behaviors and pore characteristics of compacted loess. The results of mechanical tests indicate that the WDFT weathering can cause significant deterioration of mechanical properties for compacted loess. As the number of treatment cycles increases, vertical compression strain and coefficient of collapsibility of the loess specimens increase while the cohesion decreases. The compacted and noncollapsible loess specimen exhibits collapse again after the 7 WDFT cycles. The results of MIP tests show that WDFT cycles have a main influence on the pores with a pore diameter of 1∼35 μm between the soil aggregates, and medium pore contents (10∼35 μm) increase significantly with the increasing number of WDFT cycles. By comparing compression and collapse characteristics of the loess specimens subjected to wetting‐drying, freeze‐thaw, and WDFT cycles, we found that the dry‐wet action plays the dominant role in the deterioration of engineering properties of compacted loess during WDFT cycles.
Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Fabricated Steel Foamed Concrete T‐Shaped Wallboard
Authors: Zhou Ding , Liu Dianzhong , Li Kuolin
Published: December 2020

At the present stage, some research results have been made on connection of joints of fabricated reinforced concrete wallboards in China, but there is little research on the connection methods of steel‐concrete composite structure, or methods like welding are directly adopted. On the basis of previous studies, a new type of joint connection method for steel‐concrete composite structure was proposed. Self‐tapping nails are used to connect the steel frames in the wallboard, and this joint connection method is used to splice the web and the flange plate. Concrete postcast strip was set up to produce the fabricated T‐shaped wallboard specimens, and the failure form, bearing capacity characteristics, strain condition, wall displacement, and seismic performance were studied and analyzed, which provided data support for theoretical research. ABAQUS finite element software was used to establish an overall structure model, and the theoretical data and experimental data were obtained through simulation for comparative analysis in which the failure form, bearing capacity characteristics, strain condition, wall displacement, and seismic performance were compared to verify the reliability of the experiment.
Construction Quality Control Study of Double‐Layer Continuous Paving for Large‐Thickness Cement‐Stabilized Base
Authors: Ding LongTing , Wang Xuancang , Zhang Mengyuan , Meng Jiaqi , Hu Tao
Published: December 2020

In order to verify the interlayer bonding effect of double‐layer continuous paving technology of the thick cement‐stabilized base and solve the construction quality control problem of the double‐layer continuous paving, based on the interlayer bonding mechanism and the evenness passing mechanism, the laboratory interlayer adhesion test, field test of evenness disturbance, and compaction test were conducted to verify the continuous paving interlayer bonding state. The effect of interval time on interlayer bonding state, evenness, and compactness was analyzed, and construction quality control measures were proposed. The test results show that the double‐layer continuous paving process could significantly improve the interlayer bonding state, but there is still a gap from the ideal state (completely continuous). The pull‐off strength of continuous paving specimens was 2.1 times that of the discontinuous paving specimens; the shear strength was 2.4 times that of discontinuous paving specimens. At different paving intervals, the longitudinal evenness of the upper and lower layers has little difference. The 140 kN axle load controls the transverse evenness disturbance within 3 mm, which met the requirements of the specification. Based on the evenness passing mechanism, the evenness control standard of double‐layer continuous paving base was proposed. The compaction process of double‐layer continuous paving base was proposed, and the feasibility was verified through the field test of compaction. The best interval time for double‐layer continuous paving was also proposed; it is recommended that the best time for paving the upper layer is after the lower layer is laid for 6 hours (the final setting time of the cement). The construction quality control measures proposed in this study provide a theoretical basis for the construction of double‐layer continuous paving technology with thick cement‐stabilized base.
Removal of Pb (II) from Synthetic Solution and Paint Industry Wastewater Using Activated Carbon Derived from African Arrowroot (Canna indica) Stem
Authors: Tessema Takele Sime , Adugna Amare Tiruneh , Kamaraj M.
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to investigate the potential of Canna indica stem‐based activated carbon (CISAC) for the removal of Pb (II) ions from synthetic solution and paint industry wastewater. The effects of pH, initial Pb (II) ion concentration, and adsorbent dose were studied using an aqueous solution prepared using pure lead nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂) on a batch mode. Dried Canna indica stem (CIS) was carbonized in a rectangular furnace at 500°C for 2 h and treated with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) at a ratio of 1 : 1 (w/v). Results showed that the CISAC had 5.4% of moisture, 5.0% of ash, 26.7% of volatile matter, 62.9% of fixed carbon, and 797.5 mg/g of iodine number. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results showed that the hydroxyl, carboxyl, and phenolic functional groups were dominant in the CISAC surface. Physicochemical characteristics revealed that raw wastewater had a concentration of 4.6 mg/L Pb (II), 3 mg/L Cu (II), 171 mg/L BOD5, 2402 mg/L COD, and 619 mg/L TSS. Better removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous solution was achieved at a pH of 5.5, initial Pb (II) concentration of 102.4 mg/L, and an adsorbent dose of 1.4 g using response surface methodology. The highest removal efficiencies of Pb (II) which was achieved from aqueous solution and paint wastewater were 98% and 70%, respectively. The experimental data are fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich isothermic models. The results suggested CISAC as a promising adsorbent to remove Pb (II) ion from paint industry wastewater.
Analysis of Hazard Area of Dispersion Caused by Leakage from Underground Gas‐Storage Caverns in Salt Rock
Authors: Yang Ya , Yang Shigang , Li Zhan , Fang Qin , Wu Jianhua , Cai Jiongwei , Sun Wensheng
Published: December 2020

To provide information concerning quantitative risk analysis of gas‐storage caverns, it is vital to estimate the hazard area of dispersion caused by accidental leakage. The Gaussian plume model is selected to calculate the hazard area caused by continuous leakage; the method of analysis is validated using wind‐tunnel experiments of acetylene. Fluent is used to simulate the hazard area of dispersion caused by instantaneous leakage; the method of numerical simulation is verified by Burro/Coyote trials. Furthermore, a sample underground gas‐storage cavern in salt rock is examined with respect to the toxic threshold limit value and the upper and lower flammability limits. In doing so, the factors that influence the hazard range of dispersion from salt cavern are discussed. The results indicate that the hazard area decreases with an increase in wind speed and a decrease in atmospheric stability when the leakage is continuous. However, the hazard area decreases with a decrease in wind speed when leakage is instantaneous.
Nonlinear Vibration Analysis of Submerged Floating Tunnel Tether
Authors: Sun Sheng-nan , Su Zhi-bin , Feng Yun-fen
Published: December 2020

To study the nonlinear vibration characteristics of submerged floating tunnel tether, the nonlinear vibration partial differential equation of tether is set up, in which the inclination, sag, initial tension force, and length of tether are taken into account. According to the linear vibration mode of tether, the partial differential equation is converted into ordinary differential equations by Galerkin method and the nonlinear vibration equation of tether for the in‐plane first four modes and the out‐of‐plane first four modes are obtained. The results show that the change of inclination results is in the change of sag. The initial configuration of sag is symmetric. Thus, the sag only affects the damping ratio of the in‐plane symmetric mode, namely, that of the first and the third mode. The sag has no effect on the second and forth order modes which are antisymmetric modes. Therefore, the sag is only existed in plane and has no effect on the out‐of‐plane mode. The first and the third in‐plane modal damping ratios of tether are in direct proportion to their inclination, whereas in inverse proportion to their sag. The first modal damping ratio of tether (both in‐plane and out‐of‐plane) is in direct proportion to its length, whereas in inverse proportion to its initial tension.
Experimental Investigation of Geosynthetic‐Reinforced Pile‐Supported Composite Foundations under Cyclic Loading
Authors: Liu Kaifu , Yang Yiguo , Wang Lei , Xu Jiapei , Xie Xinyu
Published: December 2020

A series of model tests were conducted in this study to investigate the deformation characteristics of geosynthetic‐reinforced pile‐supported (GRPS) composite foundations under cyclic loading. The effects of the applied load, the number of geogrid layers, and types of piles on the performance of the GRPS composite foundation were studied through 1g physical models of composite foundation with well‐planned instrumentation. Furthermore, a numerical fitting method was used to assess the relationship between the foundation settlement and the number of load cycles. The results show that with the increase in the magnitude of cyclic load and the number of load cycles, the settlement of GRPS composite foundations and the strain of the pile and geogrid increased accordingly. Adding rigid piles and increasing the number of geogrid layers both could reduce the settlement of GRPS composite foundations, while adding rigid piles was more effective. The relationship between the foundation settlement and the number of load cycles can be expressed by an exponential regression function. The pile strain varied from place to place that the strain of the upper part of the pile was greater than that of the lower part. The geogrid showed a significant impact on the load transfer mechanism of the composite foundation as the geogrid closer to piles endured larger strain. It is critical to consider the variation of the pile strain and the geogrid strain under cyclic loading in the geotechnical practice of composite foundation. The model test results also suggest that the use of GRPS system can effectively reduce the composite foundation settlement. This paper can provide useful references for developing the theoretical framework and design guides for GRPS composite foundations under cyclic loading.
The Role of Interfascial Plane Blocks in Paediatric Regional Anaesthesia: A Narrative Review of Current Perspectives and Updates
Authors: Dontukurthy Sujana , Mofidi Roshanak
Published: December 2020

Regional anaesthesia has been increasingly used for analgesia in the perioperative period in paediatric anaesthesia for better pain control and improved patient outcomes. Interfascial plane blocks are considered as a subgroup of peripheral nerve blocks. The advent of ultrasound in modern regional anaesthesia practice has led to the evolution of various interfascial plane blocks. The ease of their performance and the low complication rates, compared with neuraxial anaesthesia, have led to their increased use in the perioperative period. Interfascial plane blocks are often incorporated in the multimodal analgesia regimen in the early recovery and ambulation after surgery protocols for various chest wall and abdominal surgeries. This achieves better pain control and decreases the requirements of opioids in the perioperative period, thereby facilitating early mobilization and discharge. This narrative review focuses on the relevant anatomic considerations, technique for the performance of each block along with its current applications and limitations, and includes a review of the current literature on various interfascial plane blocks in paediatric regional anaesthesia.
Multitask Learning with Local Attention for Tibetan Speech Recognition
Authors: Wang Hui , Gao Fei , Zhao Yue , Yang Li , Yue Jianjian , Ma Huilin
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we propose to incorporate the local attention in WaveNet-CTC to improve the performance of Tibetan speech recognition in multitask learning. With an increase in task number, such as simultaneous Tibetan speech content recognition, dialect identification, and speaker recognition, the accuracy rate of a single WaveNet-CTC decreases on speech recognition. Inspired by the attention mechanism, we introduce the local attention to automatically tune the weights of feature frames in a window and pay different attention on context information for multitask learning. The experimental results show that our method improves the accuracies of speech recognition for all Tibetan dialects in three-task learning, compared with the baseline model. Furthermore, our method significantly improves the accuracy for low-resource dialect by 5.11% against the specific-dialect model.
Temperature Prediction of Photovoltaic Panels Based on Support Vector Machine with Pigeon-Inspired Optimization
Authors: Fan Siyuan , Cao Shengxian , Zhang Yanhui
Published: December 2020

The output stability of the photovoltaic (PV) system is directly affected by temperature change of PV panels. In this paper, a novel temperature prediction method of PV panels with support vector machine (SVM) is proposed, which can solve the temperature prediction problem in a complex environment. In order to optimize parameters of SVM, a Pigeon-Inspired Optimization (PIO) method is given. Meanwhile, the delay factor (DF) is added to improve the PIO algorithm for avoiding the problem of local optimum. Moreover, a multisensor monitoring system of PV is established, and the collected data of temperature are used to train and verify the accuracy of the model. Finally, the proposed method is evaluated using synthetic and actual data sets. Simulation results show that the DFPIO-SVM can obtain better predictive performance.
Recurrence Pattern and Complication Rate of Allergic Fungal Sinusitis: A 10-Year Tertiary Center Experience
Authors: Alghonaim Yazeed , Alfayez Abdulrhman , Alhedaithy Riyadh , Alsheikh Abdullah , Almalki Malak
Published: December 2020

Background. Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis is a noninvasive form of highly recurrent chronic rhinosinusitis. Despite the advancement in medical and surgical strategies, recurrence in AFRS in general poses another challenging problem with reported incidence that eventually can reach more than 60%. Recognition and understanding the pattern of disease recurrence will lead to greater understanding of the disease response in our population. Method. A retrospective cohort study was performed in King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All patients diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis and underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery from the period of January 2006 to December 2016 were reviewed. Results. 28 patients were found to have AFRS based on clinical, radiological, and microscopic examination suggestive of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. Among these patients, 53% of them were female and 46% were male. The age ranged from 13 to 55 years, with a mean age of 31.57 years. 28.57% of the patients presented with recurrent allergic fungal sinusitis. The duration between the surgery and symptoms recurrence was around one year. Male and female patients had similar recurrence rate (50%). At first visit, 95% of the patients with nonrecurrent disease presented with nasal obstruction compared to 87.5% of the patients with recurrent disease. On the other hand, patients with recurrent disease had more nasal discharge (87.5%), postnasal drip (37.5%), facial pressure/pain (50%), headache (50%), nasal polyposis (87.5%), hypertrophy of inferior turbinate (37.5%), and proptosis (12.5%). Nasal obstruction (87.5%) and nasal polyps (87.5%) were the most common presenting symptoms for the disease recurrence. The pattern of disease recurrence in the previously unilateral disease was 18% ipsilateral and 27% bilateral. For the patients who had bilateral disease formerly, 17% (n = 3) of them had recurrent bilateral disease. Conclusion. Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis is a distinct clinical entity. A high recurrence rate is a pathognomonic feature of the disease, despite all the development in medical and surgical trials. This study demonstrated that recurrence rate is lower in our population. However, more studies with a greater number of patients are needed in the future to clearly recognize the pattern of recurrence in patients with AFRS.
Diferentes Olhares da Comunicação no Turismo: entendendo três localidades paranaenses como destino e produto turístico
Authors: Nakatani Marcia Shizue Massukado , Gomes Ewerton Lemos , Nunes Mylena Palazzo
Published: December 2020

A comunicação de localidades como lugares de produção e consumo do turismo ocorre a partir de diferentes objetivos, sendo basicamente oriundas, de ações de promoção de organizações oficiais de turismo ou de comercialização de empresas privadas, como as operadoras e agências de viagem. O presente artigo discute as diferenças na comunicação de localidades por parte destas organizações, aplicando os conceitos de publicidade e propaganda para cada tipo de ação, quer somente promocional ou promocional e comercial. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir da análise documental de materiais promocionais (digitais e impressos) dos três principais destinos turísticos do Estado do Paraná (Curitiba, Foz do Iguaçu e Paranaguá). Como resultados concluise que a localidade é comunicada de duas formas distintas: como destino turístico e como produto turístico. Esta diferenciação tem implicações para o entendimento do emissor da mensagem (organismos oficiais de turismo ou empresas privadas), da estrutura da comunicação (promoção/marca ou promoção e comercialização/preço), e da apresentação da mensagem (publicidade ou propaganda).
A Importância do Marketing Digital na Divulgação do Calendário de Eventos do Município de Santa Vitória Do Palmar/RS sob a Ótica da Comunidade
Authors: Boaria Francieli , Souza Lidiane Caldeira de
Published: December 2020

O calendário de eventos é uma ferramenta muito utilizada pelas instituições público e privada com o intuito de divulgar e promover eventos. Com o desenvolvimento da tecnologia, sua forma online contribuiu imensuravelmente para a ampliação e alcance do público-alvo, pois a comunicação por meio da internet faz com que as notícias se disseminem em tempo real, sobretudo a partir da utilização das mídias sociais. Neste sentido, o foco deste estudo é verificar a importância e real necessidade de um calendário de eventos online para a comunidade do município de Santa Vitória do Palmar/RS, situado no extremo sul do país. A pesquisa realizada é do tipo exploratória de caráter descritiva, sua abordagem é quanti-qualitativa, e a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário semiestruturado. Como resultados, constatou-se que um calendário de eventos online seria muito proveitoso para a comunidade, a qual muitas vezes desconhece a ocorrência proeminente de um evento, bem como para encontrar de forma mais ágil e confiável informações sobre a programação anual. Apurou-se também a ineficiência dos meios de comunicação em determinados locais do município, necessitando desta forma que a informação sobre o calendário de eventos seja também divulgada de forma impressa.
Associação entre sarcopenia e história de fraturas em pacientes idosos com diabetes tipo 2
Authors: Torres Maria Roseneide dos Santos , Oliveira Lucian Batista de , Peixoto Marcelo Italiano
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de sarcopenia em pacientes idosos portadores de diabetes mellitus (DM), verificando sua associação com histórico de fraturas e quedas. Modelo do estudo: Observacional, transversal e analítico. Metodologia: Estudo realizado em hospital universitário de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Envolveu pacientes idosos (≥60 anos) com DM. Foram excluídos aqueles com diagnóstico de osteoporose. O critério preditor de sarcopenia foi a circunferência da panturrilha (CP): <33 cm para mulheres e <34 cm para homens. Resultados: A amostra válida foi de 44 pacientes, todos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). A prevalência de sarcopenia foi de 20,4%. Houve relação estatisticamente significativa entre sarcopenia e história de fraturas em traumas de baixa energia (p = 0,022). Não houve diferença entre os grupos com e sem sarcopenia em relação à história de quedas no último ano (p = 0,589). Houve associação entre uso de psicotrópicos e ocorrência de quedas (p = 0,001). A maioria dos achados convergiram para aqueles já presentes na literatura. Conclusão: Apesar da CP não ser, de forma isolada, um método estabelecido para o diagnóstico de sarcopenia, a perda muscular apontada por tal medida mostrou-se associada a histórico de fraturas em idosos com DM2, de forma que essa acessível mensuração pode alertar para iniciar intervenções que possam melhorar a qualidade de vida dos idosos.
Dados alarmantes sobre a notificação de sífilis congênita em uma capital do Norte brasileiro: um estudo transversal
Authors: Guimarães Manoel Pereira , Rodrigues Mateus de Sousa , Santana Leonardo Fernandes e , Gomes Orlando Vieira , Silva Karla Layse dos Santos , Matos Jauane Vilela Santos Gonçalves , Leal Elaine Azevedo Soares
Published: December 2020

Modelo do estudo: Estudo de prevalência. Objetivo do estudo: Descrever o perfil clínico e epidemiológico dos portadores de Sífilis Congênita entre Janeiro de 2010 a Junho de 2016 em uma capital do Norte brasileiro. Metodologia: Foi realizado um levantamento das fichas de notificação para infecção por sífilis congênita da Vigilância Epidemiológica em Rio Branco-Acre no período de Janeiro 2010 a Junho de 2016. Os dados foram analisados por meio do Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Resultados: Foram notificados 189 casos de sífilis congênita precoce. Apenas 36,51% (n=69) receberam diagnóstico de sífilis gestacional antes do parto. Os casos evoluíram com 74,6% de nascidos vivos, 15,3% de natimortos, 6,3% de abortos e 2,1% de óbitos por sífilis congênita. A relação entre o Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) materno e o desfecho dos casos sugere que filhos provenientes de mães com títulos ≥1:16 representam 82,2% das evoluções deletérias associadas (p=0,045). Conclusão: A sífilis na gestação é uma patologia ainda subdiagnosticada durante a gravidez e, nesse estudo, foi mais frequente em filhos de mães no auge da menacme, de baixa escolaridade e moradoras da zona urbana. Apesar das medidas preventivas já implantadas, a sífilis congênita continua sendo um problema de saúde pública nesta capital do Norte brasileiro e deve continuar como alvo de estudos que gerem novas estratégias de prevenção.
Medical education in COVID-19 pandemic: medical students' point of view
Authors: Marsilli Lucas Ricardo Benfatti , Smecellato Fernanda Bombonato , Silva Júnior Orlando de Castro e
Published: December 2020

Introduction: With the current reality that we are experiencing with the beginning of the new coronavirus (nCov) pandemic, everyone is dealing with new challenges. Among these, there are medical students, with their practical activities interrupted and many concerns. Objective: This article portrays the experience of medical students attending internship and the impact of the pandemic on medical education. Discussion: Among the multiple issues that students have been experiencing, there is a duality between the desire to engage in the fight against the pandemic and the fear of contamination of their friends and family. Furthermore, there is an increasing offer of online content, such as courses, congresses, and discoveries regarding COVID-19. With the massive adoption of Open and Distance Learning, the student faces the duality between traditional and active teaching methods, in addition to fear about the interruption of practical activities and the question of when they will be re-established. Finally, there are concerns about the students’ future: when and how they will complete the medical course, and the preparation for Medical Residency Exams. Conclusion: It is clear that the pandemic is significantly affecting already concerned medical students, in multiple aspects of their lives, about their training and completion of the course.
Modelo geológico evolutivo e deposicional do paleocânion de Regência, região onshore da Bacia do Espírito Santo, Cretáceo ao Eoceno
Authors: Batiston Denis Antonio , Rohn Rosemarie , Vincentelli Maria Gabriela Castillo
Published: December 2020

O paleocânion de Regência, reconhecido em subsuperfície na Bacia do Espírito Santo, foi originado no Cretáceo e preenchido até o Mesoeoceno. Dados de 31 seções sísmicas, 29 poços e marcadores bioestratigráficos substanciaram a elaboração de modelos geológicos que aprimoram o conhecimento sobre a evolução e a morfologia do paleocânion. Os resultados incluem correlações estratigráficas, interpretações de feições estruturais e das principais superfícies estratigráficas (topos das formações Mariricu, São Mateus, Regência e Urucutuca), mapas de contorno estrutural dos topos litoestratigráficos e seções esquemáticas. Desde seu início, o paleocânion foi estruturado por falhas no embasamento. Próximo ao topo da Formação Mariricu, de idade aptiana, já há indícios de geometria de extensa calha rasa. O paleocânion é dividido pela Zona de Charneira Cedro-Rio Doce (ZCCRD), sistema de falhas normais de direção N-S. A morfologia do paleocânion também foi controlada por diversas falhas normais nos blocos proximal e distal à ZCCRD, originadas no embasamento, ainda ativas quase até o final do preenchimento do paleocânion, com direção NE-SO. Falhas normais também tiveram papel determinante na origem de um canal secundário de grande porte a sudoeste, assim como outros menores ao longo da margem norte. Na porção proximal, depósitos neocretácicos foram preservados devido a abatimento e rotação de blocos por falhas normais. Pode-se inferir que o preenchimento eoeocênico proximal foi por sedimentos da mesma fonte que aqueles acumulados no depocentro do paleocânion. Refletores sísmicos sugerem a presença de abundantes canais escavados e preenchidos na porção inferior do cânion e transição cânion acima para canais dispersos. O conjunto de interpretações é sintetizado esquematicamente por meio de um modelo geológico evolutivo e deposicional.
Correlação tectono-deposicional entre a margem continental brasileira e a Elevação do Rio Grande
Authors: Praxedes Adriane Gomes Pinheiro , Castro David Lopes de
Published: December 2020

A margem continental brasileira foi formada pelo processo de abertura do Atlântico Sul, com a ruptura do Gondwana Oeste, e a separação entre a América do Sul e África, no Cretáceo Inferior. Por sua vez, a Elevação do Rio Grande (ERG) teria sido originada por pontos quentes ao longo da porção oceânica da placa sul-americana em movimento. Alternativamente, a ERG seria parte de crosta continental, que teria sido submersa após se desprender do continente, ou ainda seria a combinação de uma província vulcânica com um microcontinente. Nós propomos fazer uma correlação tectono-deposicional entre a ERG e a margem continental brasileira adjacente, dentro do contexto de evolução do Atlântico Sul. A partir da interpretação de seções sísmicas e dados de furos estratigráficos, foi possível identificar semelhanças entre as fácies sísmicas nos pacotes vulcanossedimentares na ERG e a margem continental brasileira mais distal, além de correlação em termos do desenvolvimento cronoestratigráfico das duas regiões. Essas semelhanças no pacote sedimentar incluem o evento vulcânico no Eoceno e a tectônica distensional no Paleógeno e no Neógeno para evidenciar evolução tectono-deposicional comum tanto na ERG quanto na margem continental adjacente.
Angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous sediments of India
Authors: Chopparapu Chinnappa , Annamraju Rajanikanth , Kavali Pauline Sabina , Duarte ConfiguraçõesSarah Gonçalves
Published: December 2020

This study presents the first report of angiosperm macrofossil assemblage from the Early Cretaceous sediments of India, containing a fruit, a spike, a petal, leaves, and an axis from the Krishna Godavari Basin. This assemblage provides clues to angiosperm evolution and ecology during the Early Cretaceous of India. The described enigmatic forms are comparable to fruits of Trapa, and palm leaves and spikes of Potamogeton. The fossil material also includes ribbon-like leaves with a small axis; fossil remains suggest affinity with the monocotyledon group and support recent morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies to establish the divergence of this group from dicotyledons, during the early Cretaceous. Fossils described in the present study suggest an affinity for an aquatic environment that appears to be ideal for some early angiosperms.