bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mutations in Selected ABA-Related Genes Reduce Level of Arabidopsis thaliana Susceptibility to the Beet Cyst Nematode Heterodera schachtii
Authors: Różańska Elżbieta , Krępski Tomasz , Wiśniewska Anita
Published: June 2023

Heterodera schachtii is a common parasite of many important crops such as beets and Brassicaceae (oilseed rape, cabbage or mustard). Arabidopsis thaliana is a model plant also used for studying defence responses to pathogens or pest infections. Defence responses of plants are often regulated and fine-tuned by stress phytohormones: salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene (Et) and abscisic acid (ABA), of which the role of ABA in these responses is the least examined. The aim of this study was to show, if and which genes related to ABA turnover can be modulated during the development of nematode-induced feeding sites in A. thaliana roots. To answer the question, we performed infection tests on wild type and ABA mutant roots and analysed the expression levels of selected ABA-related genes (ABI1, ABI2, ABI5, PYL5, PYL6, CYP707A1 and CYP707A4) at the early stage of root infection. Our results show that the expression of ABI2, ABI5 (ABA signalling) and CYP707A4 (ABA metabolism) genes was upregulated in feeding sites at 4 dpi, whereas the level of expression of PYL5 and PYL6 (ABA receptors) genes was decreased. Mutations in ABI1, ABI2, ABI5, CYP707A1 or CYP707A4 genes led to a decrease of A. thaliana susceptibility verbalised as the number of fully developed females, whereas mutations in PYL5 or PYL6 genes did not influence the number of females of the nematode. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the modifications of analysed ABA-related gene expression are required for the proper development of nematodes; however, further in-depth analyses are required.
Nanocellulose-Based Passivated-Carbon Quantum Dots (P-CQDs) for Antimicrobial Applications: A Practical Review
Authors: Hindi Sherif S. , Sabir Jamal S. M. , Dawoud Uthman M. , Ismail Iqbal M. , Asiry Khalid A. , Mirdad Zohair M. , Abo-Elyousr Kamal A. , Shiboob Mohamed H. , Gabal Mohamed A. , Albureikan Mona Othman I. , Alanazi Rakan A. , Ibrahim Omer H. M.
Published: June 2023

Passivated-carbon quantum dots (P-CQDs) have been attracting great interest as an antimicrobial therapy tool due to their bright fluorescence, lack of toxicity, eco-friendly nature, simple synthetic schemes, and possession of photocatalytic functions comparable to those present in traditional nanometric semiconductors. Besides synthetic precursors, CQDs can be synthesized from a plethora of natural resources including microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). Converting MCC into NCC is performed chemically via the top-down route, while synthesizing CODs from NCC can be performed via the bottom-up route. Due to the good surface charge status with the NCC precursor, we focused in this review on synthesizing CQDs from nanocelluloses (MCC and NCC) since they could become a potential source for fabricating carbon quantum dots that are affected by pyrolysis temperature. There are several P-CQDs synthesized with a wide spectrum of featured properties, namely functionalized carbon quantum dots (F-CQDs) and passivated carbon quantum dots (P-CQDs). There are two different important P-CQDs, namely 2,2′-ethylenedioxy-bis-ethylamine (EDA-CQDs) and 3-ethoxypropylamine (EPA-CQDs), that have achieved desirable results in the antiviral therapy field. Since NoV is the most common dangerous cause of nonbacterial, acute gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide, this review deals with NoV in detail. The surficial charge status (SCS) of the P-CQDs plays an important role in their interactions with NoVs. The EDA-CQDs were found to be more effective than EPA-CQDs in inhibiting the NoV binding. This difference may be attributed to their SCS as well as the virus surface. EDA-CQDs with surficial terminal amino (-NH2) groups are positively charged at physiological pH (-NH3+), whereas EPA-CQDs with surficial terminal methyl groups (-CH3) are not charged. Since the NoV particles are negatively charged, they are attracted to the positively charged EDA-CQDs, resulting in enhancing the P-CQDs concentration around the virus particles. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were found to be comparable to the P-CQDs in the non-specific binding with NoV capsid proteins, through complementary charges, π-π stacking, and/or hydrophobic interactions.
Churches in Europe and the Challenge of Cultural Witness
Authors: Schliesser Christine , Tomlin Graham , Kunz Ralph , Schliesser Benjamin
Published: June 2023

It is a commonplace sentiment that the church in Europe is declining [...]
Violence against Women: Attachment, Psychopathology, and Beliefs in Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Almeida Iris , Nobre Carolina , Marques Joana , Oliveira Patrícia
Published: June 2023

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a violation of women’s human rights. Attachment is an IPV risk or vulnerability factor, in part because of the role that it plays in interpersonal relationships. An insecure attachment can predispose women victims to psychological maladjustment, which can reflect psychopathology. Likewise, our general society reveals beliefs that support and legitimize IPV. Thus, this study examined the relationship between adult attachment, psychopathology, and IPV beliefs. Our sample comprises 158 women IPV victims, aged between 18 and 73 years old. The psychological assessment tools Experiences in Close Relationships, Brief Symptom Inventory, and Scale of Beliefs about Marital Violence were used. All ethical issues had been taken due to the sensitive nature of the involved data. The results showed that most victims had a secure attachment style, and it may be an indicator that these women possibly had safe experiences with an attachment figure leading to reduced anxious state attachment in adult relationships. The results show a positive association between adult attachment and psychopathology, as well as between attachment and beliefs about violence. Globally, attachment is related to psychopathology and IPV beliefs. These results allow aid professionals and institutions to have deep knowledge about adult attachment as a risk or vulnerability factor for IPV and the adverse consequences of this phenomenon. IPV requires urgent attention since is the greatest threat to the health and safety of women around the world.
Modeling the Nexus of Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Progress in Southeastern Europe: A Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Halilbegović Sanel , Pekmez Zana , Rehman Abdul
Published: June 2023

As the fourth industrial revolution drives innovation and economic growth, the energy sector is increasingly recognized for its significant economic contribution. This research aims to investigate the relationship between economic growth and renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in nine southeastern European countries using panel estimation techniques and causal inference. This research employs a unique approach to modeling the energy–growth nexus, incorporating interaction terms to better understand the impact of renewable energy on real GDP growth. The findings are a valuable addendum to the current body of research on the effects of renewable energy consumption on economic growth, and the results contribute to narrowing the empirical research gap in the econometrical field of panel data estimation and endogeneity. This study uses the fully modified OLS (FMOLS) technique for heterogeneous panels to estimate coefficients, while the error correction model (ECM) is used to estimate the cointegration vector between energy variables and GDP. The non-causality test by Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) evaluates the causation between energy variables and economic output. Empirical findings indicate that both renewable and non-renewable energy consumption positively affect economic growth. The outcomes of this study hold significant policy ramifications in terms of prioritizing reformation and investment towards specific sectors to foster capital infusion into renewable energy and energy efficiency projects and initiatives, consequently advancing sustainable economic growth.
Population Dynamics and Its Driving Forces in China from 2000 to 2020
Authors: Yang Zhen , Ou Xiangjun , Zhu Huxiao
Published: June 2023

Exploring population dynamics and its driving factors has important practical significance for guiding reasonable population distribution. In view of this, this paper systematically analyzes the population dynamics and driving factors in China based on the latest three decennial censuses, using research methods such as the population concentration index, the center of gravity model, relative change in population density and multiple linear regression. The conclusions are as follows: (1) China’s population distribution is uneven, and the trend of polarization in population distribution is increasingly evident. The spatial differences in population growth are shifting from east–west to north–south. Under the influence of the “core–periphery effect”, more people are gathering in a few large cities. (2) The factors affecting population changes have obvious temporal variability: terrain and temperature have an increasing impact on China’s population changes. Temperature in particular has become an important factor in China’s population changes. Population changes are gradually shifting from being driven by a single economic factor to being driven jointly by social and economic factors. (3) The factors affecting population changes also have obvious spatial heterogeneity: temperature affects population changes in both the eastern and central–western regions, while terrain only affects population changes in the central–western regions. Currently, population changes in the economically developed eastern region are more driven by economic factors, while the central–western regions are driven by both economic and social factors. Central cities in the central–western regions are experiencing accelerated population agglomeration, while central cities in the eastern region are losing their ability to attract population agglomeration. The above conclusion basically clarifies the patterns and influencing factors of China’s population changes since the 21st century, which can provide a useful reference for future population development and regional planning.
Indicators, Strategies, and Rule Settings for Sustainable Public–Private Infrastructure Partnerships: From Literature Review towards Institutional Designs
Authors: Adebayo Abimbola A. , Lulofs Kris , Heldeweg Michiel Adriaan
Published: June 2023

Public–private partnerships (PPPs)-driven infrastructure projects frequently disappoint in terms of sustainability outcomes. This paper substantiates this. It develops and presents an institutional design that can integrate environmental and social sustainability principles into PPP infrastructure projects (sustainable PPPs). The institutional design includes principles for the planning processes (preparation, procurement, contracting) and outcome indicators. The paper builds upon and synthesizes extant research through a literature review that employs the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statements. The review covers the appropriateness of the used indicators for the investigation and measurement of environmental and social sustainability policy strategies designed to enhance sustainability and institutional intercalation. About the latter, a specific lens to focus on the relationships between the institutional design characteristics (the rule settings) of planning processes and the sustainability outcomes is developed based on three variables within the institutional analysis and development (IAD) framework of Ostrom. Consequently, rule settings that enable the investigation of the institutional process preconditions for sustainable PPPs and the evaluation of the sustainability outcomes are amalgamated. Our study indicates that the IAD framework provides a useful theoretical lens to harmonize and categorize process principles to achieve the rule settings that guide involved actors towards sustainable PPPs and place lenses on the envisioned environmental and social sustainability outcomes.
Multiple Learning Features–Enhanced Knowledge Tracing Based on Learner–Resource Response Channels
Authors: Wang Zhifeng , Hou Yulin , Zeng Chunyan , Zhang Si , Ye Ruiqiu
Published: June 2023

Knowledge tracing is a crucial task that involves modeling learners’ knowledge levels and predicting their future learning performance. However, traditional deep knowledge tracing approaches often overlook the intrinsic relationships among learning features, treating them equally and failing to align with real learning scenarios. To address these issues, this paper proposes the multiple learning features, enhanced knowledge tracing (MLFKT) framework. Firstly, we construct learner–resource response (LRR) channels based on psychometric theory, establishing stronger intrinsic connections among learning features and overcoming the limitations of the item response theory. Secondly, we leverage stacked auto-encoders to extract low-dimensional embeddings for different LRR channels with denser representations. Thirdly, considering the varying impact of different LRR channels on learning performance, we introduce an attention mechanism to assign distinct weights to each channel. Finally, to address the challenges of memory retention and forgetting in the learning process and to handle long-term dependency issues, we employ a bidirectional long short-term memory network to model learners’ knowledge states, enabling accurate prediction of learning performance. Through extensive experiments on two real datasets, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed MLFKT approach, which outperforms six traditional methods. The newly proposed method can enhance educational sustainability by improving the diagnosis of learners’ self-cognitive structures and by empowering teachers to intervene and personalize their teaching accordingly.
Accessing Consumer Perceptions of the Effectiveness of the Deposit Refund System
Authors: Konstantoglou Aggeliki , Fotiadis Thomas , Folinas Dimitris , Falaras Athanasios , Rotsios Konstantinos
Published: June 2023

This study analyzes consumers’ perceptions of the Deposit Refund System (DRS) initiative in Greece. It aims firstly to measure the effectiveness of these systems in Greece. Secondly, based on elements from the Theory of Green Purchased Behavior, it identifies the motives of DRS users and how they affect DRS usage and perception. Data were gathered using a mail-out survey to consumers in various cities in Greece. The key finding supports the argument that moral motives significantly lower the costs associated with household recycling efforts. Moreover, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to examine the research hypotheses. The findings reveal that the DRS motives positively and statistically significantly affect the process of recycling and user perception of DRS. Moreover, the DRS perception affects the adoption of the DRS and complementary mediates the effect of motives for DRS adoption. The normalized model shows that an increase in motives by 1 unit will increase the perception of consumers for refundable recycling by 0.346 units. Similarly, an increase in the motives by 1 unit will increase the use of refundable recycling by 0.296 units.
Household Food Waste Behavior in Klang Valley, Malaysia, and Its Potential in the Circular Economy
Authors: Ariffin Zailin Zainal , Anuar Siti Norazlin , Mangadi Noor Farhana , Yaakop Azizul Yadi , Sakawi Zaini , Jusoh Sufian , Ibrahim Mohd Adib
Published: June 2023

Food waste is a problem that has resulted in a variety of situations in which it is one of the primary causes of food insecurity. Changes in household behaviors, such as overbuying, are important drivers of food waste, particularly following the emergence of COVID-19. Studies on what drives household consumer engagement in various food-waste strategies have been limited. Thus, this paper aims to study the factors that lead to food-waste behavior at the household level in the Klang Valley area. Out of the 431 questionnaires distributed, 404 were useful, and the respondents for this study were from various ethnicities. A quantitative design was employed in this study, with descriptive and inference statistics derived from the questionnaire, which was distributed via Google Forms. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 26.0 and Smart PLS version 3.0, to test the reliability, validity, and hypotheses of this study. A significant relationship exists between food-waste behavior, namely food expenditure, and waste reuse, but food-waste behavior has no relationship with food choice. The study’s conclusions highlight the significance of understanding and planning one’s food-buying behaviors, to achieve benefits additional to simply lowering the number of those who are at risk of being hungry. The study also found that male respondents wasted more food than their female counterparts.
The Deutsches Museum Spacesuit Display: Long-Term Preservation and Atmospheric Monitoring
Authors: Holzer Charlotte , Lescop Benoît , Nguyen-Vien Gilles , Rioual Stéphane
Published: June 2023

Spacesuits are highly valuable artifacts made of sensitive synthetic materials, including rubber, polyvinylchloride, polyamide, or polyurethane. The main concerns for preservation are off-gazing from the objects themselves and the exterior agents of deterioration humidity, high temperature, UV radiation, and visible light. This study addresses the implementation of preventive conservation in the Deutsches Museum spacesuit display and the evaluation of the atmosphere with monitoring methods. The focus lies on innovative RFID corrosion sensors developed by the Lab-STICC and used in an exhibition for the first time. In addition, commercial devices (climate logger, UV and light meters, infrared thermal imaging) were used to check the conditions in the spacesuit showcase. The source for off-gazing coming from a suit could be located through the sensors, and the low corrosivity inside the showcase showed the effectivity of the installed charcoal absorbers. Humidity, however, was unable to be reduced to the recommended 30–40% in the large-scale showcase with silica gel. The LED lighting in the dark exhibition excludes any harmful high-energy radiation, but thermal radiation is produced by lighting and electrical devices. The applied methods were effective in evaluating the current situation in the exhibition and form a good basis for future improvements on the display.
Students’ Food Consumption Behavior during COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Skawińska Eulalia , Zalewski Romuald I. , Wyrwa Joanna
Published: June 2023

This study is experimental in nature. The cognitive purpose of this study is to examine the reduction in food waste by students in the economic process during the lockdown. The normative goal is to identify drivers of social rationality of ex ante food stewardship by students, by reducing food waste. The subjects of the study consisted of students from the Faculty of Economics and Management at the University of Zielona Góra, Poland. To achieve the study’s goal, we use Consumer 4.0 model and develop one main hypothesis and six working hypotheses. The hypotheses were verified, and the study’s goals were achieved by employing desk research, followed by the descriptive, comparative, survey, and model methods, accompanied by deduction, induction, descriptive statistics, and visualization. The comparative method was used to perform the study in two periods—lockdown (S1) and pandemic threat (S2)—and to compare with the results of other authors. The model method was used to reflect the factor gap in consumer behavior. The conclusion stipulates that during the lockdown and pandemic risk period the behavior of students was similar and did not reflect food saving by deliberately reducing waste. The reason for this was the demonstrated gap of intangible factors, defined by their weakness, in both analyzed periods, in relation to their optimal level in the theoretical Consumer 4.0 model. This study determined a gap caused by the weakness of intrinsic factors during the lockdown and pandemic risk between the typical student behavior model and the theoretical model of Consumer 4.0, with respect to food-saving practices.
Machine Learning: Volume and Biomass Estimates of Commercial Trees in the Amazon Forest
Authors: Rocha Samuel José Silva Soares da , Romero Flora Magdaline Benitez , Torres Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto , Jacovine Laércio Antônio Gonçalves , Ribeiro Sabina Cerruto , Villanova Paulo Henrique , Schettini Bruno Leão Said , Junior Vicente Toledo Machado de Morais , Reis Leonardo Pequeno , Rufino Maria Paula Miranda Xavier , Comini Indira Bifano , Tavares Júnior Ivaldo da Silva , Viana Águida Beatriz Traváglia
Published: June 2023

Accurate estimation of the volume and above-ground biomass of exploitable trees by the practice of selective logging is essential for the elaboration of a sustainable management plan. The objective of this study is to develop machine learning models capable of estimating the volume and biomass of commercial trees in the Southwestern Amazon, based on dendrometric, climatic and topographic characteristics. The study was carried out in the municipality of Porto Acre, Acre state, Brazil. The volume and biomass of sample trees were determined using dendrometric, climatic and topographic variables. The Boruta algorithm was applied to select the best set of variables. Support Vector Machines (SVM), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Random Forests (RF) and the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) were the machine learning methods evaluated. In general, the evaluated methods showed a satisfactory generalization power. The results showed that the volume and biomass predictions of commercial trees in the Amazon rainforest differed between the techniques (p < 0.05). ANNs showed the best performance in predicting the volume and biomass of commercial trees, with the highest ryŷ and the lowest RSME and MAE. Thus, machine learning methods such as SVM, ANN, RF and GLM are shown to be useful and efficient tools for estimating the volume and biomass of commercial trees in the Amazon rainforest. These methods can be useful tools to improve the accuracy of estimates in forest management plans.
Green Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Invasive Alien Plant Parthenium hysterophorus and Their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Leyu Abrha Mengstu , Debebe Siraye Esubalew , Bachheti Archana , Rawat Yashwant S. , Bachheti Rakesh Kumar
Published: June 2023

Due to the high energy demands and environmental hazards of physical and chemical methods, it is now essential to produce nanoparticles using plant sources as reducing and stabilizing agents. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were biosynthesized using an aqueous extract of Parthenium hysterophorus aerials as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron Microscopy (TEM). UV–Vis spectroscopy indicates that the peaks of AgNPs and AuNPs are at 422 and 538 nm, respectively. The results of the DLS analysis showed that both Au and AgNPs are monodispersed and stable and have mean hydrodynamic sizes of 53.55 nm and 68.12 nm, respectively. According to an XRD analysis, the generated AgNPs and AuNPs are face-centered cubic crystals with average crystalline diameters of 33.4 nm and 30.5 nm, respectively. TEM image depicted that the synthesized NPs mainly have spherical shapes with particle size in the range of 3.41–14.5 nm for AuNPs and 5.57–26.3 nm for AgNPs. These biologically produced AuNPs and AgNPs were investigated for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant effects. Both AuNPs and AgNPs were found to strongly influence the growth of bacterial pathogens, with a maximum zone of 22.3 and 19.7 mm in Escherichia coli and a minimum zone of 11.7 and 10.3 mm in Salmonella enterica, respectively. The synthesized AuNPs and AgNPs reduce the numbers of viable fungi by 51.06% and 47.87%, respectively. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay revealed that the synthesized AuNPs and AgNPs have significant radical scavenging ability with 88.75% and 86.25% inhibition and 33.62 μg/mL and 42.86 μg/mL of IC50, respectively. Therefore, an aqueous extract of aerial parts of P. hysterophorus can be a suitable precursor for synthesizing AuNPs and AgNPs, with numerous applications. Due to their smaller size, AuNPs have better antimicrobial and antioxidant activities than AgNPs. This study supports the conservation by a utilization strategy of invasive alien plant species control and management (such as P. hysterophorus) for biodiversity conservation and environmental sustainability.
Immigrant Parents’ Perspective on Their Children’s School and Education in the Era of COVID-19: A Case of Vietnamese Mothers in South Korea
Authors: Kim Younghan
Published: June 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, schools in South Korea were forced to shift from the traditional way of teaching and learning, face-to-face, to online learning. The purpose of this study was to explore how Vietnamese immigrant mothers in South Korea felt about their children’s schools during the COVID-19 pandemic. To do this, the qualitative data collection method, qualitative research interview (QRI), was applied. Six Vietnamese immigrant mothers who had children attending elementary school were interviewed, and Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method (DPM) was used to analyze their stories. The results indicate that the Vietnamese mothers had mixed feelings regarding how schools responded during the pandemic. There did not seem to be technological barriers to their children’s online learning, but the mothers did not indicate that they were satisfied with the online learning provided by their children’s school during the pandemic. They seemed to have low expectations for the online learning environment itself and thought that their children were not getting enough attention from their teachers in the distance-learning environment. In addition, the immigrant mothers did not have enough access to information about their children’s education. They were strongly concerned about the reduction in opportunities to socialize caused by distance learning. These findings imply that establishing a trusting and meaningful relationships to create a healthy school community is more important to Vietnamese immigrant mothers than academic achievement or developing efficient online learning content.
Carbon Life Cycle Assessment and Costing of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems for Deep Low-Carbon Renovation
Authors: Amoruso Fabrizio M. , Schuetze Thorsten
Published: June 2023

Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems can achieve high yields through high percentages of building envelope surface coverage associated with material savings by substituting conventional building envelope components and avoiding land-use change to install open-land PV installations. This article discusses the life cycle assessment (LCA) and the life cycle costing (LCC) of BIPV systems in timber-hybrid building extensions and envelope renovation systems of three exemplary buildings in the Republic of Korea: apartment, mixed-use commercial/industrial, and low-rise multi-unit residential. The BIPV system’s electricity production was quantified with simulation tools. Minimum and average carbon LCAs were calculated using a global product inventory database for 50 years. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission savings by substituting conventional energy supplies were calculated based on the associated primary energy demands. LCC calculations were based on international datasets for BIPV LCC for 25 and 50 years. As a result, the BIPV system-associated GHG emissions can be decreased by up to 30% with a payback time of 12 (apartment) to 41 (mixed-use building) years for buildings with full PV coverage. The positive cumulative net present value (NPV) for both LCC scenarios encourages economic investments in building renovations with BIPV systems.
Higher Education in Mexico: The Effects and Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chans Guillermo M. , Orona-Navar Angelica , Orona-Navar Carolina , Sánchez-Rodríguez Elvia P.
Published: June 2023

This review examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on higher education in Mexico. It acknowledges the difficulties and disruptions caused by the global emergency but also emphasizes the opportunities for reflection and learning that have emerged. This work employed a comprehensive methodology, including a thorough literature search across multiple academic databases and consultation with national statistical sources and newspapers. Sixty-nine articles were selected based on predetermined keywords and criteria, leading to the identification of two central themes: impacts and implications on higher education and innovation in teaching and learning experiences. The findings shed light on the effects of the pandemic and highlight the need for resources, pedagogical considerations, and a reevaluation of priorities in the education sector. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of improving equity, quality, and long-term sustainability in higher education in Mexico while recognizing the opportunity for educational reform in the post-pandemic era.
Novel Integral Inequalities on Nabla Time Scales with C-Monotonic Functions
Authors: Zakarya Mohammed , Saied A. I. , Ali Maha , Rezk Haytham M. , Kenawy Mohammed R.
Published: June 2023

Through the paper, we present several inequalities involving C-monotonic functions with C≥1, on nabla calculus via time scales. It is known that dynamic inequalities generate many different inequalities in different calculus. The main results will be proved by applying the chain rule formula on nabla calculus. As a special case for our results, when T=R, we obtain the continuous analouges of inequalities that had previously been proved in the literature. When T=N, the results, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, are essentially new. Symmetrical properties of C-monotonic functions are critical in determining the best way to solve inequalities.
An Update on Current Antiviral Strategies to Combat Human Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Panda Kingshuk , Parashar Deepti , Viswanathan Rajlakshmi
Published: June 2023

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) remains an essential global concern due to its distinct life cycle, mutations and latency. As HCMV is a herpesvirus, it establishes a lifelong persistence in the host through a chronic state of infection. Immunocompromised individuals are at risk of significant morbidity and mortality from the virus. Until now, no effective vaccine has been developed to combat HCMV infection. Only a few antivirals targeting the different stages of the virus lifecycle and viral enzymes are licensed to manage the infection. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find alternate strategies to combat the infection and manage drug resistance. This review will provide an insight into the clinical and preclinical antiviral approaches, including HCMV antiviral drugs and nucleic acid-based therapeutics.
Reviewing the Potential of Algae Species as a Green Alternative to Produce Nanoparticles: Findings from a Database Analysis
Authors: Lamilla-Tamayo Laura , Escobar-Calderón Felipe , Skalický Milan
Published: June 2023

Nanotechnology has seen increased research and implementation in recent decades in numerous applications. Based on the information in the papers, we built a database that included algae species used, biomass pre-processing, main precursors, solvents, production approaches, final size, and possible uses. An analysis of this data revealed a great diversity of algae species investigated for this purpose (68 species of algae and 45 families). The analysis of the strategy plot shows that there are four clusters of themes that are different from each other. Still, some patterns are recognizable, e.g., the general cluster with general methodologies and concepts is in the intersection zone. The second cluster is related to the use of macroalgae, which has had a strong development in the past, but now seems to be less attractive, and the third cluster is on the use of nanoparticles to control bacteria, which seems to be a topic that, although not currently driving the field, could become a major driver if current trends continue. New technological developments should be expected in the near future as NPs synthesis from green renewable sources such as algae poses an alternative to the traditional means in the coming years.
Spatial Distribution and Migration Mechanisms of Toxic Elements in Farmland Soil at Nonferrous Metal Smelting Site
Authors: Shi Buxing , Cai Kui , Yan Xiulan , Liu Zhaoshu , Zhang Qian , Du Jun , Yang Xiao , Luan Wenlou
Published: June 2023

Nonferrous metal smelting is a potential emission source of trace elements. However, it is vital to identify the dominant factors in determining toxic element (TE) spatial distribution and migration behaviors. We hypothesize that soil clay is the key factor in agricultural land around nonferrous metal smelting areas. Hence, this study focused on Qingyuan Town, a typical nonferrous metal smelting base. From this site, 95 soil samples (0–20 cm) were collected from cultivated land around the nonferrous metal smelters. Eight soil samples were analyzed for TE speciation and clay minerals in hot spot and non-hot spot areas following the TE distribution. A geographical detector (Geodor) showed that the distributions of total and exchangeable TE were affected by multiple factors (clay, CaO, and Fe2O3). X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the clay was mainly comprised of an illite and smectite mixed layer (67.13%), illite (15.38%), chlorite (9.25%), and kaolinite (8.25%). Moreover, correlation analysis showed that the exchangeable As was positively correlated with illite (R2 = 0.76, at p < 0.01 level), kaolinite (R2 = 0.43, at p < 0.01 level), and chlorite (R2 = 0.59, at p < 0.01 level) in the hot spot, but negatively correlated with a mixed layer of illite and smectite (R2 = 0.83, at p < 0.01 level). In contrast, the cases of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn presented an opposite tread with As. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) results showed that the contribution rate of nonferrous metal smelting to soil As was 42.90% and those of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were 84.90%, 56.40%, 59.90%, and 59.20%, respectively. These results can provide guidance for controlling the TE risk associated with agricultural land management.
Shall we reconsider banking regulations? Some lessons drawn from the failure of Silicon Valley Bank and Credit Suisse
Authors: Mérő Katalin
Published: June 2023

The paper analyses the lessons related to banking regulations to be drawn from two banking failures in March 2023, the bankruptcies of Silicon Valley Bank and Credit Suisse. The two failures have questioned whether the regulatory system established following the 2008 crisis can guarantee the stability of the banking sector. The paper analyses four areas of regulations that have come to the fore linked to the two cases. They are the issue of applying the principle of “too-big-tofail”, and the regulations related to capital structure, banking book interest rate risk and liquidity risk. It is true for all four issues that the currently valid rules are not sufficient to guarantee stability and proper crisis management if banks have to face crises never encountered before. Banking regulations providing financial stability should strive to adopt a new approach instead of further hardening the current rules. A radical reduction of leverage or the introduction of central bank digital currency could become examples of such a new approach.
Mennyiségi alkalmazkodás vizsgálata a fedezetlen bankközi forinthitelpiacon
Authors: Pollák Zoltán , Jáki Erika
Published: June 2023

Ha egy bank a partnerénél úgy érzékeli, hogy megnő annak nemteljesítési kockázata, a fedezetlen bankközi hitelpiacokon erre egyrészt a hitelkamatláb emelésével (áralkalmazkodás), másrészt a nyújtható hitelösszeg csökkentésével (mennyiségi alkalmazkodás) válaszolhat. A fedezetlen bankközi forinthitelpiacon egyértelműen nem az áralkalmazkodás a legjelentősebb tényező, hanem a mennyiség korlátozása. A mennyiségi alkalmazkodás mélyebb magyarázatára megvizsgáltuk a hitelnyújtások, illetve hitelfelvételek koncentrációját a fedezetlen bankközi forintdepópiacon egy 2012 és 2015 között minden tranzakciót tartalmazó adatbázison. A Gini-, valamint a Herfindahl–Hirschman-indexek is azt mutatták, hogy a hitelfelvételek a volumeneket és a tranzakciószámokat tekintve egyaránt koncentráltabbak voltak a hitelnyújtásoknál. A hiteleket a vizsgált periódusban átlagosan 10-15 aktív bank nyújtotta jellemzően mindössze 5-8 hitelfelvevőnek. Ezt a megfigyelést kétmintás, várható értékre irányuló hipotézisvizsgálat segítségével is teszteltük, és igazoltuk a szignifikáns koncentrációbeli különbséget a bankközi piac hitelfelvételi, illetve hitelnyújtási oldala között. A hitelnyújtások egyenletesebb eloszlását a magyar bankközi piacon uralkodó strukturális likviditástöbblet magyarázhatja, a hitelfelvételek magas fokú koncentráltsága pedig a partnerlimitekre vezethető vissza.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Persalinan Preterm di UPT. Puskesmas Tembuku I
Authors: Dwijasistawati Ni Luh De , Ariyani Ni Wayan , Sulaksana Regina Tedja
Published: June 2023

Preterm birth is still a big problem in Indonesia and has the potential to increase perinatal mortality by 65%-75%, generally associated with low baby weight, namely 2,500 grams and gestational age 37 weeks. At UPT.Puskesmas Tembuku I for the period January 2020 – December 2021, data obtained as many as 542 deliveries, 30 (5.53%) were LBW deliveries and 22 (4.06%) of them were preterm deliveries. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of preterm delivery at UPT.Puskesmas Tembuku I Year 2020-2021 based on LILA factors, anemia, multiple pregnancies, age, and parity. The research data is secondary data obtained from the cohort of mothers and MCH reports for the period January 2020 to December 2021. This type of research uses a cross sectional analytic method. Sampling using simple random sampling technique with a total sample of 230. The place of research was conducted at UPT.Puskesmas Tembuku I in March-April 2022. The results of this study showed that there was a relationship between LILA factors (p = 0.020), anemia (p = 0.000) , and age (p=0.000) with the incidence of preterm delivery. There was no relationship between the multiple pregnancy factor (p=0.061) and parity factor (p=0.474) with the incidence of preterm delivery. It is recommended that there is an early detection by health workers of factors related to preterm delivery and socialization to pregnant women with KEK (LILA 23.5 cm), anemia and maternal age on the risk of preterm delivery.
Alterações cognitivas associadas ao Covid-19: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Maia Christiane Vicentini Barbosa , Manzi Giovanna Kaori Icoma , Hashimoto Leticia Leiko Botini Almeida , Tozzo Nathália Fuzari , Lourenço Fabiani Honorato de Barros
Published: June 2023

Introdução. Em 2019 um novo coronavírus denominado SarsCoV-2 potencialmente grave e com elevada transmissibilidade, demonstrou ter capacidade de produzir manifestações neurológias agudas e tardias à infecção, incluindo alterações cognitivas. Objetivo. Apresentar evidências cientificas com base em revisão sistemática, respondendo à pergunta norteadora: A COVID-19 constitui um risco para o desenvolvimento de alterações cognitivas a longo prazo? Método. Revisão Sistemática, com busca nas bases de dados PUBMED, SCIELO e LILACS, entre o período de janeiro de 2021 e março de 2022. O descritor Cognitive alteration foi combinado utilizando o operador booleano AND com os descritores: Post Coronavirus e post COVID-19 e seus correspondentes respectivos na língua portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola. Resultados. Os sintomas observados nos pacientes com COVID-19 foram: 62% alteração cognitiva, 27% ansiedade e depressão, 32,8% anosmia, 38,3% hiposmia e parosmia, 4,6% cefaleia, 1,4% turvação mental, além de fadiga e função executiva alterada. A maioria dos estudos apontaram alterações cognitivas, pós-COVID-19. Conclusão. As alterações cognitivas decorrente da COVID-19 resultam em significativos comprometimentos nas funções executivas da linguagem, memória, alterações do humor, orientação espaço-tempo e função viso-construtiva por múltiplas vias patogênicas, incluindo mecanismos infecciosos e pós-infeccioso.
Aspectos etiológicos da síndrome do pé caído
Authors: Souza Daniele Costa Borges , Signorelli Victória Rodeiro , Marques Marcos Vinicius da Silva , Hegouet Isadora de Carvalho , Silva Matheus Henrique Almeida da , Sales Matheus , Romeiro Lucas de Araújo Wanderley , Cavalcanti Bruno Eurico Ferreira Guimarães , Rabelo Bruno Soares , Ribeiro Nildo Manoel da Silva
Published: June 2023

Introdução. A síndrome do pé caído é conhecida como um distúrbio que dificulta ou gera uma incapacidade na movimentação da articulação do tornozelo e nos dedos dos pés. Uma vez instalada esta dificuldade na realização de dorsiflexão nos músculos do pé afetado, caracteriza-se por ser um sinal de dano neuromuscular com manifestação clínica permanente ou transitória. Objetivo. Descrever e revisar os aspectos etiológicos da síndrome do pé caído. Método. Revisão narrativa, baseada nas bases de dados PUBMED/MEDLINE, LILACS e Scielo. Resultados. Foi confeccionado um referencial teórico sobre as principais doenças que desencadeiam a síndrome do pé caído, de acordo com o neurônio motor lesionado, apontando a fisiopatologia da síndrome do pé caído envolvida em cada etiologia descrita. Conclusão. Ressalta-se a importância do entendimento clínico sobre as patologias que podem desencadear a síndrome do pé caído e as alterações funcionais decorrentes deste processo, visto que o embasamento sobre as taxas de prevalência e incidências também ressaltam a importância inclusive da assistência em pacientes que desenvolvem pé caído. As discussões sobre o tema necessitam de pesquisas mais robustas em busca de evidências que permitam embasar e ressaltar as alterações funcionais mediante a evolução desta patologia.
Constructing Cation Vacancy Defects on NiFe-LDH Nanosheets for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Hao Yingying , Qiao Chen , Zhang Shuping , Zhu Yibin , Ji Lei , Cao Chuanbao , Zhang Jiatao
Published: June 2023

Active site exposure and intrinsic catalytic performance are considered important aspects of oxygen evolution reaction catalyst design. In this work, the coordination capacity of tributylphosphine is utilized to construct cationic vacancy defects on NiFe-LDH nanosheets. As-prepared defective NiFe-LDH nanosheets show not only the optimization of the exposure ability of the active site but also the intrinsic catalytic capacity is improved by construction of cationic vacancy defect to tune local electronic structure. The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results revealed that after reconstruction of the prepared d-NiFe-LDH, high-valence Ni and Fe can stably appear on the surface of the material. The presence of high-valence Ni and Fe is considered to be the main reason to improve the intrinsic catalytic capacity of catalysts. Finally, d-NiFe-LDH nanosheets show excellent catalytic performance (η
10
= 243 mV) and remarkable long-term stability.
Persepsi Etika Penggelapan Pajak Melalui Religiusitas: Pemahaman Perpajakan, Love of Money, dan Machiavellian
Authors: Putri Intan Permata Sari  , Kelvin Pratama  , Hanna Pratiwi  , Ronni Andri Wijaya
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence the understanding of taxation, Love of Money, and machiavellian partially and simultaneously has on the ethical perspective of Tax evasion and how much influence the understanding of taxation, Love of Money, and machiavellian partially and simultaneously has on Ethical Perspective of Tax evasion with religiosity as a moderating variable. The data collection method was through a questionnaire, with a sample of 76 respondents from accounting students majoring in 2018 UPI “YPTK” Padang. The analytical method used is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis using SPSS 22. The results of partial hypothesis testing show that Tax Understanding has a significant positive effect on the Tax evasion Ethical Perspective. Love of Money has a significant positive effect on the ethical perspective of Tax evasion. Machiavellian has a significant positive effect on the Tax evasion Ethical Perspective, and Understanding of Taxation, Love of Money, and Machiavellian simultaneously positive effect on the Tax evasion Ethical Perspective, but Religiosity is not able to moderate the effect of Taxation Understanding, Love of Money, and Machiavellian on the Ethical Perspective of Tax Evasion.
Inventory accounting analysis at pt. Andalas independent son of Pekanbaru
Authors: Darmi Darmi
Published: June 2023

PT. Andalas Putra Mandiri is a trading company engaged in the sale of medicines and medical devices, which is located at Jalan Thamrin No.124, Sukamaju sub-district, Sail sub-district, Pekanbaru City. For companies, inventory is the largest item in the financial statements and absorbs very large investments. This makes the writer feel the need to conduct research based on Financial Accounting Standards No. 14 relating to the presentation of inventory estimates in the financial statements, with the title "Inventory Accounting Analysis at PT. Andalas Putra Mandiri Pekanbaru”. The purpose of this research is to find out how PT. Andalas Putra Mandiri Pekanbaru determines the cost of inventory, evaluates inventory and presents inventory in the financial statements. The method used in this research is descriptive method, while the data collection method used consists of interviews and documentation. From this study, the authors found several deviations including errors in determining the cost of inventory and presenting inventory estimates in the financial statements. The author draws the conclusion that inventory accounting at PT. Andalas Putra Mandiri Pekanbaru has not been implemented in accordance with what is regulated in the Financial Accounting Standards. The company should apply inventory accounting in accordance with the applicable Financial Accounting Standards.
Zaraitzuera aztertzeko ekarpen berriak (4 - Otsagi: esaldiak)
Authors: Artola Koldo
Published: June 2023

Saio honen aurreko hiruretan Eaurtako herrian bildu materialak hona ekarri ondoren, laugarren honetan Otsagin bilduriko beste zenbaiti egin diogu leku, ustez era erraz samarrean aurkezturik. Herri honi eskainiriko ahaleginak, hala ere, jarraipena izango du ‘(5 - Otsagi: ahozko testuak)’ azpititulua eman diogun saio berri baten bitartez, non gure informatzaileak hainbat gairi buruz –hizkuntzarekin, etnologiarekin eta folklorearekin loturikoak gehienak, baina baita bestelakoak ere–, mintzatuko diren. Zaraitzuko euskara, oroitarazi nahi dugu, Louis-Lucien Bonaparte printze euskaltzaleak egindako mapa zoragarrian, ekialdeko behe-nafarreraren esparruan kokaturik agertzen da, horretarako arrazoi nagusienetarik bat, antza, errespetuzko alokutibotasunaren erabilera izaki, ekialdeko euskalkien ezaugarri.
Hego-nafarreraren egituraz
Authors: Camino Iñaki
Published: June 2023

Artikulu honetan Bonapartek «hegoaldeko goi-nafarrera» izendatu zuen euskalkia aztertu dugu, horretarako Iruñetik goiti dauden ibar batzuetako euskararekin alderaturik. Guk «hego-nafarrera» izendatu dugunaren hizkuntzaezaugarri bereizgarrienak lerro-lerro eman ditugu, baina Bonaparteren ikuspegitik saihesturik. Hizkera honen barreneko mintzoak elkarrekin alderatu ondoren, beren arteko banaketari eta bereizketari buruz Bonaparterena ez bezalako ikuspegia dugu. Gure ustean hego-nafarrera ez da orain artean pentsatu izan den bezala euskalki bat, azpieuskalki bat baizik, egun «nafarrera» izendatzen dugunaren azpieuskalki bat.