bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
КЛІНІЧНІ ПРОЯВИ ВІЛ-ІНФЕКЦІЇ В ПОРОЖНИНІ РОТА В ДІТЕЙ
Authors: Максименко А.І.
Published: September 2021

Мета дослідження – вивчення особливостей клініч- них проявів ВІЛ-інфекції в порожнині рота у дітей. Методи дослідження. Аналіз та узагальнення літе- ратурних даних щодо особливостей клінічних проявів ВІЛ-інфекції в порожнині рота у дітей. Наукова новизна. Систематизація лікувально- діагностичних аспектів ураження слизової оболонки порожнини рота, слинних залоз і тканин пародонта, які впливають на перебіг захворювання. Це дозволить розробити патогенетичну схему лікувально-профі- лактичних заходів, що призведе до поліпшення якості життя ВІЛ-інфікованих дітей. Висновки. Кандидозний стоматит діагностується в більшості хворих на СНІД (до 75%) і проявляється в декількох клінічних формах: ангулярний хейліт, ери- тематозний, гіперпластичний або псевдомембраноз- ний кандидоз. Вважається, що «раптовий» розвиток кандидозу в дітей, які раніше не одержували антибіотики або кортикостероїди, є підозрою на наявність ВІЛ-інфекції й вимагає лабораторного обстеження на ВІЛ. Бактеріальні інфекції у ВІЛ-інфікованих дітей най- частіше викликають асоціації різних збудників (фузоспірохети, стрепто- і стафілококи). Проявом цих інфекцій можуть бути гінгівіт, ВІЛ-некротичні ураження ясен або слизової оболонки щік, піднебіня, ВІЛ-хронічний пародонтит. Серед вірусних інфекцій у клінічній симптоматиці ВІЛ-інфікованих відзначають ураження слизової оболонки порожнини рота, викликані вірусом простого герпесу. «Волосиста» лейкоплакія зустрічається в 98% хворих на ВІЛ-інфекцію та є маркером захворювання. Похо- дження «волосистої» лейкоплакії пов’язане з високим рівнем реплікації вірусу Епштейна – Барра у клітинах епітелію язика. Ураження слинних залоз у дітей при ВІЛ-інфекції зустрічається значно частіше, ніж у дорослих. При цьому вони збільшуються і набухають, відбуваються гіперпластичні зміни.
ОКЛЮЗІЙНІ ЧИННИКИ РИЗИКУ В РОЗВИТКУ М’ЯЗОВО-СУГЛОБОВОЇ ДИСФУНКЦІЇ СКРОНЕВО- НИЖНЬОЩЕЛЕПНИХ СУГЛОБІВ
Authors: Макеєв В.Ф. , Риберт Ю.О. , Лабунець В.А. , Пупін Т.І. , Фецич О.Ю.
Published: September 2021

Не дивлячись на певні успіхи, які досягнуті у справі вдосконалення діагностики і впровадження у стома- тологічну практику новітніх комплексних методів і тактики лікування дисфункцій скронево-нижньоще- лепних суглобів (СНЩС) на тлі оклюзійної і м’язевої інтерференції, основне питання клінічної пародонто- логії у сполученні з різними патологічними станами щелепно-лицевих сегментів не втрачає своєї акту- альності дотепер і потребує подальших комплексних досліджень, спрямованих на оптимізацію лікувально- профілактичних заходів нейро-м’язової і суглобової дисфункції. Попри багаточисленні публікації, що присвячені дис- функції СНСЩ, відомості про етіологію, діагностику і патогенез цих симптомокомплексів залишаються вельми суперечливими. Мета – огляд джерел науково-медичної інформації щодо впливу оклюзійних чинників на розвиток м’язево-суглобової дисфункції скронево-нижньощелепних суглобів. Результати. З різних концепцій виникнення дисфунк- ції СНЩС виділяють дві базові: міогенну і оклюзійно- артикуляційну теорії. Прихильники міогенної теорії провідну роль у потогенезі захворювань СНЩС відво- дять парафункціональним станам жувальних м’язів. Проте серед представників міогенної концепції роз- витку дисфункції СНЩС, немає єдиної думки щодо етіології парафункціональних порушень, також зали- шається до кінця не вирішеною діагностика функ- ціональних змін СНЩС, ускладнених гіпертонусом жувальних м’язів на тлі травматичної оклюзії. Розглядаючи джерела науково-методичної інформації, що стосуються методів обстеження хворих з дисфунк- цією СНЩС, слід констатувати, що постійно відбува- ється їх вдосконалення, зумовлене як потребою клініки, так і розробкою чутливіших і сучасніших апаратів. Висновки. Сучасні методи дослідження, що з’явилися і активно упроваджувалися останніми роками, вима- гають систематизації і оцінки їх ефективності для розробки алгоритмів діагностики у хворих зі скро- нево-нижньощелепними розладами.
СТАТИСТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ОСНОВНИХ ПОМИЛОК ПІД ЧАС ЕНДОДОНТИЧНОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ ЗУБІВ ВЕРХНЬОЇ ЩЕЛЕПИ
Authors: Ратушний Р.І. , Костенко С.Б. , Богдан І.М. , Костенко О.Є. , Зорівчак Т.І. , Годердзі Н.
Published: September 2021

Мета дослідження – описати поширеність виник- нення ендодонтично-асоційованих помилок, допуще- них у ході ендодонтичних маніпуляцій досліджуваної вибірки лікарів-стоматологів, які забезпечували про- ведення лікування кореневих каналів. Методи дослідження. Клініко-лабораторні: опис прицільних рентгенограм ендодонтично-пролікованих зубів згідно зі стандартизованими протоколами ліку- вання; статистичні методи: StatPlusPro для Windows. Об’єкт дослідження: 600 прицільних рентгенограм: 318 (53,0%) рентгенологічних знімків зубів верхньої щелепи, 282 (47,0%) – знімків зубів нижньої щелепи. Предмет дослідження: досліджувана вибірка з 32 лікарів-стоматологів (17 лікарів-стоматологів чоловічої статі (53,13%) та 15 лікарів-стоматологів жіночої статі (46,88%), які забезпечують стомато- логічний прийом на базі Університетської стомато- логічної поліклініки, а також у межах інших клінічних баз стоматологічного факультету ДВНЗ «Ужгород- ський національний університет». Наукова новизна. У сучасній системі стоматологіч- ної допомоги, зважаючи на високі показники пошире- ності, інтенсивності карієсу та відсоток його усклад- нень, однією з невирішених проблем є забезпечення адекватно проведеного ендодонтичного лікування, зменшення кількості помилок, які виникають на ета- пах виконання ендодонтичних маніпуляцій. Проведене нами дослідження, дає змогу виявити, на яких етапах ендодонтичного втручання реєструється найбільша кількість помилок та ускладнень, що дає можливість лікарю-ендодонтисту приділяти посилену увагу під час виконання тих чи інших маніпуляцій, зважаючи на отримані нами статистичні показники, а це своєю чергою сприятиме підвищенню якості проведеного ендодонтичного відновлення. Висновки. Реєстрація помилок та розвиток усклад- нень, які виникають в ході проведення ендодонтич- ного лікування, безпосередньо впливає на прогноз функціонування зубного ряду як складної біомеха- нічної системи зубо-щелепового апарату у випадках подальшого постендодонтичного відновлення зубів прямими або ж непрямими реставраціями, а також під час використання їх як опор майбутніх коронок, знімних та незнімних видів ортопедичних конструк- цій. У разі фіксації ортопедичних конструкцій на ендодонтично-проліковані зуби виникнення ятро- генно-асоційованих ускладнень пов’язане зі знижен- ням прогнозу успішності та рівня виживання усієї протетичної конструкції загалом. Тому іденти- фікація ризиків, пов’язаних із розвитком помилок та ускладнень в ході проведеного ендодонтичного лікування, а також їх мінімізація за рахунок імпле- ментації різного типу превентивних заходів залиша- ється актуальним науково-практичним питанням сьогодні.
Hormonoterapia adyuvante en cáncer de mama. Revisión de la Evidencia y Abordaje Terapéutico en el Instituto Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Briceño-Morales Ximena , Sánchez-Castillo Oswaldo , Velasquez Juan Carlos , Bonilla Gonzalez Carlos , Cervera-Bonilla Sergio , Guzman-Abisaab Luis , Bruges Ricardo , Angel-Aristizabal Javier , Duarte Carlos , Lehmann-Mosquera Carlos , Garcia-Mora Mauricio , Contreras-Mejía Fernando , Rojas Eduardo , Diaz Casas Sandra Esperanza
Published: September 2021

El cáncer de mama es el cáncer más frecuentemente diagnosticado en las mujeres alrededor del planeta. Según GLOBOCAN 2020, su incidencia y mortalidad a nivel mundial están calculadas en 47.8 y 13.6 por cada 100 mil mujeres, respectivamente; para Colombia, la incidencia estimada es de 48.3 por cada 100 mil mujeres y la mortalidad de 13.1 por cada 100 mil mujeres. Cerca del 70% del cáncer de mama expresa receptores hormonales (RH+) y es suceptible de manejo con terapia hormonal, la cual mejora los desenlaces clínicos de las pacientes en los escenarios adyuvante y metastásico. Específicamente, en la adyuvancia los estudios han demostrado que la hormonoterapia disminuye en casi un 50% el riesgo de  recaída y en un 30% el riesgo de muerte después de 10 años de seguimiento. Para esta actualización, se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura en dos de las bases de datos bibliográficas más influyentes, seleccionando posteriormente los ensayos clínicos, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis más relevantes sobre el tema. Finalmente, se realizaron reuniones conjuntas entre las Unidades Funcionales de Seno y Tejidos Blandos y Oncología Clínica del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia (INC), logrando establecer el abordaje terapéutico en el escenario adyuvante para las pacientes pre y posmenopáusicas con cáncer de mama RH+, discriminando cada recomendación en relación al riesgo de recidiva.
Hormonoterapia en cáncer de mama metastásico. Revisión de la Evidencia y Abordaje Terapéutico en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá - Colombia
Authors: Quintero-Ortíz María Andrea , Briceño-Morales Ximena , Sanchez-Castillo Oswaldo , Velasquez Juan Carlos , Bonilla Gonzalez Carlos , Guzman-Abisaab Luis , Cervera-Bonilla Sergio , Bruges Ricardo , Angel-Aristizabal Javier , Duarte Carlos , Lehmann-Mosquera Carlos , Garcia-Mora Mauricio , Contreras-Mejía Fernando , Rojas Eduardo , Diaz Casas Sandra Esperanza
Published: September 2021

El 16.9% de las pacientes con cáncer de mama, que ingresan a la Unidad Funcional de Mama y Tejidos Blandos del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC), se presentan con enfermedad metastásica. El desarrollo de las terapias blanco ha modificado radicalmente el enfoque terapéutico en este grupo de pacientes. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura seleccionando los ensayos clínicos controlados y aleatorizados fase 3, las revisiones sistemáticas y los metaanálisis, sobre el tratamiento sistémico para el cáncer de mama metastásico con receptores hormonales positivos (RH+) y receptor HER2 negativo (HER2).Se pusieron filtros a la búsqueda para identificar únicamente los artículos publicados a noviembre de 2020 y en idioma inglés. Posteriormente, se socializó la revisión de la evidencia al interior de las Unidades Funcionales (UF) de Mama y Tejidos Blandos y Oncología clínica. Finalmente, se realizó una discusión académica en la cual se establecieron los cambios en el abordaje terapéutico de las pacientes con cáncer de mama luminal, HER2 negativo, metastásico. En los últimos años, el conocimiento de la biología molecular del cáncer de mama ha permitido el desarrollo de múltiples terapias blanco (iCDK4/6, iPI3KCA, inhibidores del mTOR), que combinadas con la terapia hormonal, mejoran los desenlaces oncológicos de las pacientes con enfermedad metastásica (supervivencia libre de progresión y supervivencia global).
Actualizaciones en el tratamiento del cáncer de mama y melanoma de tronco y extremidades
Authors: Diaz Casas Sandra Esperanza
Published: September 2021

Los avances terapéuticos en oncología, especialmente para el cáncer de mama y melanoma, sumados a unmayor conocimiento de la biología tumoral, han conducido a cambios importantes en el tratamiento médico y quirúrgico de estas dos patologías. Durante los años 2019 y 2020, la Unidad Funcional de Mama y Tejidos Blandos, junto con la Unidad funcional de Oncología Clínica, del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología y para algunos temas específicos, las Unidades de Radiología y Patología, hemos venido desarrollando reuniones de actualización sobre temas de gran importancia que impactan la conducta terapéutica hacia los pacientes con cáncer de mama y melanoma.
Generation Z: The Purchase Intention of Green Skin Care Products
Authors: Lim Ying San, , Cai Phing , Hong Andy , Ng Tuan Hock, , Lim Ying Zhee,
Published: September 2021

The cosmetics and toiletry industry has growing up very fast. In 2016, the total global revenue cosmetics industry amounted to USD$444 billion. According to Lee, Goh, & Noor ( 2019), the skincare products dominated the cosmetics and toiletry market with a market value of approximately USD$ 120 billion. Between 2012 and 2019, the global skincare market expanded by 41.8 percent, and by 2025, it is expected to be worth $189 billion (Ledesma, 2020). The skin is the largest organ in the body, hence, many people will find ways to protect it, one of the way people are using to protect the skin is to apply any supplement on skin to keep the good condition of the skin. However, according to Cunningham (2014), the used of chemical items in the cosmetic skin care industry is extremely unregulated. For example, Parabens that cause breast cancer are found in cosmetics. The chemical used in the skin care products had rise the attention of the users to start to pay attention on the ingredient of the skin care products. One of the way people are using in order to avoid the harmful chemical in skin care products is to to choose skin care with natural ingredient (Espitia, 2020), this happend especially among the younger consumers (Boon et al., 2020; Hsu et al.,2017). The green skincare industry is growing rapidly. Green skin care, according to previous studies (Fauzi & Hashim, 2015; Hsu et al., 2017), is any skin care products which can preserve or enhance the natural environment by conserving energy or resources and decreasing or eliminating the usage of harmful agents, pollution, and waste. Studies showed there is an increasing in the consumption of green skincare products and toiletries by 45%, from a peak of RM 1.6 billion (in 1998) to RM 2.2 billion (in 2010), with sales estimated to exceed $1.1 billion in 2010 among young people (Boon et al., 2020).

Keywords: Green Skin Care, Generation Z, Theory Of Planned Behaviour
Time-Varying Exchange Rate Exposure: A Case Study in Asian
Emerging and Frontier Countries
Authors: Lily Jaratin , Bujang Imbarine , Kogid Mori , Nipo Debbra Toria , Idris Sidah
Published: September 2021

Due to the potential adverse effects of exchange rate fluctuations on the economy, the exchange rate study has remained a significant subject of empirical investigation (Bartram & Bodnar, 2007; Iannuzzi & Berardi, 2010). Although there is a wide range of research, empirical evidence has shown mixed support for the theory of exchange rate exposure. The reason for this is that, for both developed and developing countries, the proportion of firms exposed to exchange rate movements is lower than expected by the theory. A study by El-Masry et al. (2007) on the UK, for example, non-financial firms reported that less than 30% of the firms sampled had significant USD and Japanese yen exposure. This was referred to as the puzzle on exchange rate exposure (Bartram et al., 2010; Bartram & Bodnar, 2007; Dimitriou et al., 2013; Hutson & Laing, 2014; Kang et al., 2016; Makar & Huffman, 2013; Takagi & Shi, 2011). Re-examining the previous literature on the traditional exchange rate exposure model based on CAPM shows that some previous studies in frontier and emerging markets (Bacha et al., 2013; Du et al., 2014; Jorion, 1990; Lin, 2011; Muller & Verschoor, 2007; Parsley & Popper, 2006; Verschoor & Muller, 2007; Ye et al., 2014) have paid less attention to some critical problems that could lead to inefficiency in the exchange rate exposure model to fully capture the exposure of the firm to the exchange rate. One of the issues is that the exposure to the exchange rate has had a time variance or is not constant over time. This is due to the fact that there is a potential instability of the risk exposure of the firm because the changing environment can affect the competitive position of the firm, the operational structure and the hedge strategies (Bartram et al., 2010; Parsley & Popper, 2006). Thus, it is unrealistic to assume that the exchange rate exposure of a firm remains constant over time, because the risk structure of any given firm will vary over time (Dominguez & Tesar, 2006; Pierdzioch & Kizys, 2010). For example, companies dynamically adjust their risk structures (e.g., exposure to exchange rate risk) in response to their internal and external environments. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the time-varying exchange rate exposure of large non-financial firms' share returns in selected Asian and emerging countries to explore alternative explanations for the exchange rate exposure puzzle.

Keywords: Exchange Rate Exposure, Time-Varying, Global Financial Crisis, Asian Countries, Emerging Countries, Frontier Countries
Does Fund Managers's Human Capital Add Value for The Fund Performance in Malaysia
Authors: Chong Venny Sin-Woon , Lai Ming-Ming , Chong Lee-Lee
Published: September 2021

This study examines the integration of fund managers' human capital characteristics (including education, gender, race, experience, age, team manager) relative to the fund performance model. A few previous empirical studies paid attention to human capital characteristics and mutual fund performances based on developed markets and have obtained mixed result findings. However, very little attention has focused on fund managers' human capital characteristics in the Malaysian mutual funds industry. Hence, this study attempts to fill this research gap.Based on a sample of Malaysian mutual fund managers, data is sourced from fund management companies, Thomson One database and fund master prospectus, from January 2012 to December 2014. The study employing ordinary least squares (OLS) and three-stage least squares (3SLS) methods to integrate fund performances and human capital characteristics with single and simultaneous equations based on asset pricing models.

Keywords: Human capital, fund manager, fund performance.
Nazizm i imperializm niemiecki w przedwojennej publicystyce Juliusza Mieroszewskiego
Authors: Łysek Wojciech
Published: September 2021

The main purpose of the article is to present the pre-war views of Juliusz Mieroszewski on Germany. The research problem will be considered in relation to the international situation, the development of the Nazi system and German-Polish relations. The article aims to verify the hypothesis that Mieroszewski aptly recognizes contemporary trends. Mieroszewski’s journalism analysis and archival sources were used to present the research problem.
The most favoured nation clause in tax matters from the perspective of the EU and the GATT
Authors: Wróblewska Małgorzata
Published: September 2021

The most favoured nation clause has been one of the most complex elements of tax law. This results from the fact that it concerns the sensitive matter of the sovereignty of states related to fiscal matters and originates from various legal acts that have been established at international, European Union (EU) and national law levels. Additionally, it is related to the EU’s dual membership of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The added value of the article is the endeavour to define the mutual relationship between the most favoured nation clause expressed in Art. 1 (1) of the GATT, resulting from EU law and Art. 24 of the OECD MC that is the template for bilateral agreements of double tax avoidance. The aim of the research is a comparison of the above-mentioned regulations in order to establish what kind of relationship exists between those regulations. In conclusion, it should be considered that in the current legal state, Art. 1 (1) of the GATT does not constitute the basis for the interpretation of bilateral double taxation avoidance agreements, unless their provisions are consistent with each other. The following research methods have been applied in the article: legal comparison, descriptive and analytical.
Travel to Southeast Asia: Learning About Southeast Asia through Augmented Reality
Authors: Ramli Siti Zalifah , Zahari Siti Aishah , Edyanto Nur Amalia Atikah , Abdullah Zawawi Muhammad Asyraf , Ibharim Nur Ain Najihah
Published: September 2021

‘Travel to Southeast Asia’ application is one of Augmented Reality (AR) technology. Learn about Southeast Asia is very important and has been emphasized in high schools. However, there are some students who are bored and not interested in learning geography especially related to foreign countries due to lack of exposure and information about it. So, the main purpose of this project is to develop an educational application based on Augmented Reality for students to interest them in learning about Southeast Asia. Students also can identify eleven countries in Southeast Asia by using this application and gain some knowledge related to the countries. Unity software is the main software to develop this Augmented Reality because Unity engine can support the high quality of audio and visual effects to ease the development of the project. This project developed by using ADDIE Model as a dynamic and flexible guideline for building effective training and performance support tools. This research was evaluated by among 15 students from Sultan Idris Education University who pursuing a Bachelor of Education (Geography) with Honor by using quantitative methods through online questionnaire. This questionnaire was distributed to the respondents for evaluation based on Usefulness, Satisfaction and Ease of Use (USE) questionnaire. As a result of the questionnaire, majority of respondents gave positive feedback and interested with ‘Travel to Southeast Asia’ application. Based on the research, learning about Southeast Asia using Augmented Reality provides better knowledge and understanding.
_PROGNOSTIC MARKER OF TUBERCULOSIS SEVERITY AND TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Pohorielova Olha O. , Shevchenko Olga S.
Published: September 2021

The aim: Was to investigate human-beta-defensin-1 level in blood serum depending on tuberculosis severity and treatment effectiveness.
Materials and methods: 100 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 20 healthy persons were included to the study. HBD-1 level was measured by ELISA in all the healthy persons and in all the patients at the treatment onset and at the end of initial phase of treatment. Additionally, the patients were examined with chest X-ray, sputum microscopy and culture, blood test and blood biochemistry.
Results: HBD-1 level was higher in patients with tuberculosis (21.5 ± 2.9 μmol/L) compared with healthy individuals (8.9 ± 2.5 μmol/L). A positive correlation of middle strength was found between the size of lung lesion and the level of HBD-1 and between the level of HBD-1 and the massiveness of bacterial excretion. We found weakly negative correlations between the level of HBD-1 at the beginning of treatment and parameters of life quality rated on sf-36 scale. Patients with initially high level of HBD-1 had preservation of bacterial excretion, as well as signs of inflammatory activity. In patients with an effective intensive phase of treatment, the initial level of HBD-1.
Conclusions: The larger pulmonary tuberculosis lesion, as well as the more pronounced clinical manifestations lead to the higher level of HBD-1. The possibility of using human-beta-defensin-1 as a prognostic marker of treatment effectiveness is confirmed by the fact that human-beta-defensin-1 level prevails at the beginning of treatment in patients with subsequently non-effective intensive phase of treatment.
ANATOMO-FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE HAND POST-TRAUMATIC SOFT TISSUE DEFECTS
Authors: Trutyak Ihor R. , Kalynovych Nazar R. , Trutiak Roman I. , Kuzeikiv Maria Y.
Published: September 2021

The aim: Develop a classification of post-traumatic soft tissue defects of the hand to standardize the care of this group of patients. And in order to simplify the choice of plastic technic for post-traumatic soft tissue defects of the hand by surgeons and traumatologists.
Materials and methods: We analyzed the treatment of 54 patients with hand injury and PTSTD. 14 physicians used AFC in the choice of surgical method for the closure of PTSTDH. The practical application of AFC and effectiveness of providing medical care to patients with PTSTDH was performed on a ten-point scale by anonymous questioning immediately at the time of discharge from the hospital and 6 months after the injury.
Results: The results of the practical application analysis of AFC by physicians were as follows: «convenience» – 8.7 ± 0.6; «usefulness» is 9.4 ± 0.2. The results of treatment for 54 patients were: hands «functionality» – 8,3 ± 0,4, «aesthetics» – 7,6 ± 1,7. The results in the retrospective group, in which the AFC was not applied, were as follows: «functionality» – 6.8 ± 0.7, and «aesthetics» – 5.6 ± 1.1
Conclusions: The proposed AFC of PTSTDH help to choose the proper method of surgical management and get good results.
ASSESSMENT OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH OBESITY AND PREECLAMPSIA
Authors: Zelinka-Khobzey Marta M. , Tarasenko Kostiantyn V. , Mamontova Tetiana V.
Published: September 2021

The aim: To assess the values of endothelial vascular growth factor (VEGF) in blood serum and circulating endothelial microparticles CD32+CD40+ in the peripheral blood of pregnant women depending on the severity of obesity and presence of preeclampsia.
Materials and methods: the study included 122 pregnant women divided into groups in accordance with their height and weight parameters and presence of preeclampsia. We studied the serum VEGF concentration by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, carried out the count of CD32+CD40+ circulating endothelial microparticles in the peripheral blood by using flow cytometry.
Results: It has been found out the serum VEGF concentration in pregnant women with obesity decreases with rising level of obesity and the preeclampsia manifestation. In contrast to the decrease in this marker, there is an increase in the number of circulating endothelial microparticles CD32+CD40+ in the peripheral blood of pregnant women with obesity and preeclampsia. This pattern of these indicators points out the presence of endothelial dysfunction, which may contribute to occurrence of preeclampsia in pregnant women with concomitant obesity.
Conclusions: The indicators of VEGF concentration and the count of circulating endothelial microparticles CD32+CD40+ in the blood serum can serve as reliable markers for evaluating the severity of endothelial dysfunction in pregnant women with concomitant obesity and preeclampsia.
THE INFLUENCE OF ACTIVE REHABILITATION ON THE RECOVERY OF COGNITIVE AND PSYCHOEMOTIONAL DISORDERS AFTER ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors: Pushko Oleksandr O.
Published: September 2021

The aim: Was to evaluate the impact of active rehabilitation treatment in the scheme of comprehensive therapy of patients with cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke on the dynamics of recovery of cognitive and psychoemotional disorders, as well as to study their correlations.
Materials and methods: The study involved 138 patients: 30 apparently healthy individuals (control group, CG, n = 30) without acute cerebrovascular disorders (anamnestic and neuroimaging), of whom 53.33% were men (n = 16) and 46.67% women (n = 14), the average age of patients in the group was 57.9 ± 1.45 years; 108 people diagnosed with cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke (n = 108), of whom 62.96% were men (n = 68) and 37.04% women (n = 40), the average age of patients in the group was 58.4 ± 0.76 years. The neurocognitive assessment was performed using the international standardized scales: MMSE, MoCa were used to assess the cognitive sphere, and BDI, STAI (STAI SA, STAI TA) were used to assess psychoemotional disorders.
Results: Patients in the comprehensive treatment scheme were additionally prescribed and given two courses of rehabilitation treatment using active rehabilitation methods after the first and third examinations, recovery of cognitive and psychoemotional disorders was significantly faster and better than in group 1, where “classical” measures were applied with the predominance of medicinal therapy. Thus, the average score on the MoCa scale during examination on days 3-7 after cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke in group 1 was 19.71 ± 0.62 points, in group 2 – 19.17 ± 0.54 points, and during evaluation after 6 months in group 2 – 24.72 ± 0.26 points against 22.19 ± 0.41 points (p <0.0001) in group 1. According to the MMSE scale during examination on days 3-7 after cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke, the average indicator in group 1 was 22.56 ± 0.43 points, in group 2 – 22.47 ± 0.37 points, and when evaluated after 6 months in group 2 – 25.83 ± 0.23 points against 24.35 ± 0.27 points (p = 0.0001) in group 1.
Conclusions: The use of methods for active rehabilitation in the treatment of patients in acute and recovery periods of cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke significantly contributes to the acceleration and enhancement of the recuperation of cognitive and psychoemotional functions after the acute cerebral accident. The obtained results can find practical application in improving the effectiveness of therapeutic and rehabilitation programs in patients with cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke to reduce their post-stroke deficit.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN THE UPPER EXTREMITY FUNCTION AND COGNITION IN POST-STROKE PATIENTS
Authors: Uwa-Agbonikhena Iriah F. , Gryb Viktoriia A. , Gerasymchuk Viktoriia R.
Published: September 2021

The aim: Was to determine the relations between the the upper extremity function and cognition in post-stroke patients.
Materials and methods: Totally there were 86 patients examined in the 1-year period after first-ever anterior circulation ischemic stroke. Examination of the upper extremity function was performed with the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA). Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Trail-making Test A and B (TMT) and the Clock Drawing Test (CDT).
Results: Motor dysfunction mostly manifested in low “Wrist” and “Hand” subtests scores (5 and 7 , respectively) and therefore resulted in decreased “Total motor function” score of 40 . The most significant relations were found out between the FMA “Hand”, “Total motor function” subtests and CI indices. MoCA score correlated with FMA “Wrist” (r=0.34; p=0.021), “Hand” (r=0.52; p=0.001) and “Total motor function” (r=0.48; p=0.003) scores. “Hand” score also correlated with the FAB (r=0.43; p=0.012), CDT (r=0.22; p=0.016), TMT-A (r=-0.31; p=0.023) and TMT-B (-0.48; p=0.009) scores. There was no significant correlation between the sensory FMA subtests.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that upper extremity motor impairment, especially hand and wrist dysfunction, are associated with cognitive impairment and executive functions disorder in particular.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN COGNITIVE DECLINE
Authors: Papathanasiou Ioanna V. , Fradelos Evangelos C. , Malli Foteini , Stefanidis Ioannis , Zintzaras Elias , Doxani Chrysoula
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Cognitive functions are defined as the mental processes through which information is received, processed, stored, and retrieved. Oxidation is considered as an important factor that affects negatively the brain function.
The aim: To assess the impact of oxidative stress, as it is measured by oxidative markers or by the presence of anti-oxidants, on cognitive decline.
Materials and methods: A systematic review of published observational studies in PubMed and in Scopus was performed. During the review process the keywords were used as follows: (“oxidative stress”) AND (“cognitive decline” OR “cognitive dysfunction” OR “cognitive impairment” OR “cognitive deficiency”) AND (“observational study” OR “cross sectional study” OR “prospective study” OR “retrospective study” OR “cohort study”). The search was conducted for the years from 2016 to 2020.
Conclusions: Seventy-four eligible studies were identified. Thirteen studies met the inclusion and quality criteria and were included in the systematic review. The studies conducted in ten different countries. Information about oxidative stress biomarkers is available in eight studies, while information about antioxidant factors is in ten studies. In all the thirteen studies the cognitive function was assessed with specific tools – scales. In the majority of studies, the presence of high scores in oxidative markers was positively associated with cognitive decline, while higher levels of antioxidant markers were associated with better cognitive function. Our results indicate that oxidative stress may be significantly associated with cognitive decline. The presence of the antioxidants glutathione, uric acid, melatonin, cysteine and peroxide dismutase has a positive effect on cognitive function.
Correlation Between Ion Contents in Acupuncture Points and Propagated Sensation Along Channels
Authors: Lee Fu-Shin , Chiang Tai-An , Lee Jou-Ying
Published: September 2021

Background: Propagated sensation along channels occurs because of stimulations during acupuncture therapies and tends to transmit the stimulating signals along the meridians. From the Western medicine aspect, researchers consider the phenomena as neurotransmissions initiated
by nerves, and various ions regulate the physiological functions of the nervous systems. Objective: This research investigates the critical characteristics of ions at acupoints and the mechanism of propagated sensation along channels, crossing meridians in traditional Chinese medicine
(TCM). Methods: This research first conducts experiments by applying intense pulse light beams, which replace the traditional acupuncture treatments, on designated acupoints of studied human subjects, and employs a thermal infrared imager to monitor the temperature responses, which
are induced by post sensation, in adjacent regions of the acupoints. Meanwhile, the research applies a synchrotron radiation technique on adult SD (Sprague Dawley) rats. The study analyzes the output responses with an X-ray Absorption Fine Spectroscopy (XAFS) to investigate the ion distributions
in the relevant acupoints, which trigger the propagated sensation crossing meridians. Results: Experimental results demonstrate significant temperature increases simultaneously at the stimulated acupoints and specific other acupoints, whether in the same meridians. Moreover, XAFS experimental
results indicate significantly high calcium, potassium, and sulfide ions at the stimulated acupoint regions. On the contrary, the measured chloride ions level at the regions is correspondingly lower. Conclusions: The thermal infrared imager monitoring shows significant temperature variations
of crossing-meridian acupoints after implementing the intense pulse light beams on designated acupoints, and it implies the occurring of prolonged sensation along channels using acupuncture therapies. The X-ray absorption spectrum demonstrates significant differences in ion amounts and distributions
between the acupoints and non-acupoints, and acupuncture therapies result in ion concentrations in the correlated regions inducing propagated sensation crossing meridians in TCM. Hence, the stimulated acupoints operate as ion reservoirs to provide high-concentration of specific ions to trigger
the crossing-meridian post sensation.
Acupuncture for the Adjunctive Therapy of Post-stoke Fatigue: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yupei , Peng Meidi , Li Yanqing
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research is to assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation therapy for post-stroke fatigue. The methods used in this research are as follows: systematically retrieving China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal
Database, Chinese Biological Medicine Database, Cochrane Library, Medline and Embase were electronically searched from inception to Dec 2020. The dataset included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with Chinese and English only that compared acupuncture as an adjunct to rehabilitation in
stroke patients with fatigue. The methodological quality of the included trials was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Statistical analyses were performed by RevMan V.5.4.A total of 6 RCTs were included in this study, including 426 cases (213 cases in the treatment group
and 213 cases in the control group). The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional treatment, acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy can significantly reduce the incidence of post-stroke fatigue [MD = -5.45, 95% CI = (-6.75, -4.14), Z = 8.19 (P < 0.001)].
In terms of energy, acupuncture also has an obvious effect [MD = 1.69, 95% CI = (0.27, 3.12), Z = 2.33 (P < 0.02)]. Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that acupuncture combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy is an effective therapy for patients suffering
from post-stroke fatigue, which is suitable for clinical promotion and use. However, due to methodological weakness and limited number of RCTs, the results should be interpreted cautiously. Further clinical trials with large sample sizes and a rigorous design are needed.
Improvement of Post-stroke Dysphagia by Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation
Authors: Xie Yu-Lei , Li Wen , Wang Shan , Yang Ju , Yang Zheng-Lei , Wu Qing , Wang Yin-Xu
Published: September 2021

The present study aims to investigate the efficacy of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on post-stroke dysphagia and its effect on the motor cortical excitability of the suprahyoid muscle. A total of 40 patients with post-stroke dysphagia were randomly divided into the iTBS
and the sham stimulation groups, with the conduction of motor cortical iTBS and sham stimulation of the supraglottal muscle on the affected side, respectively. Swallowing function was assessed before (T0), immediately after (T1), and two weeks after (T2) cessation of the intervention using
the water-swallowing test (WST), standard swallowing assessment (SSA), Murray secretion scale (MSS), and Penetration–Aspiration Scale (PAS). The bilateral motor evoked potentials (MEP) of the suprahyoid muscle were recorded. After the intervention, the PAS, WST, SSA, and MSS scores were
significantly improved in both groups (p < 0.05). The iTBS group showed a greater change in the PAS score than the sham stimulation group at T1 (p < 0.05) and a greater change in the WST and MSS scores at T2 (p < 0.05). The amplitude of the MEP wave of the suprahyoid muscle in the
affected hemisphere was significantly higher in the iTBS group at T1 and in the healthy hemisphere at T2 (p < 0.05). The feasibility of applying iTBS to the affected hemisphere for the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia was directly analyzed for the first time. ITBS combined with conventional
swallowing therapy could be adopted as a rehabilitation strategy to improve post-stroke dysphagia.
Efektifitas Puerperal Gymnastic dan Kegel Exercises terhadap Involusi Uterus pada Ibu Postpartum Hari 1 - 3
Authors: Kholisotin Kholisotin , Naziro Kholifatun , Munir Zainal , Kholid Ahmad
Published: September 2021

During labor, women experience many reproductive changes, one of which is uterine involution. If the uterine involution is late to return to normal, it will cause subinvolution, puerperal gymnastic techniques and kegel exercises are the easiest techniques to use and are very effective. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of puerperal gymnastic and kegel exercises on uterine involution in postpartum mothers day 1-3 at BPM Hj. Nengah Mardani Tenggarang Bondowoso. This type of research uses a pre-experimental research methodology using a two-group interpretation-posttest design, with a sample of 30 respondents. The sampling technique in this study used total sampling. Data analysis used paired sample t test and independent t test. The independent t test results showed that there was no significant difference between puerperal gymnastic and kegel exercises in overcoming uterine involution in postpartum mothers with a p value of 0.039 (p value> α 0.05). Of the two techniques, Kegel exercises were more effective in reducing involution. uterus with a mean difference of 6.7333> than the mean puerperal gymnastic of 5.8000.
Avautuva valtaeliitti
Authors: Ruostetsaari Ilkka
Published: September 2021

Tutkimus kartoittaa, missä määrin naisten osuus Suomen eri yhteiskuntasektoreiden ylimpien päätöksentekoasemien haltijoista on muuttunut vuosina 1991–2021. Tutkimuksen kohteena ovat ne muutokset, joita on tapahtunut eliittirakenteen avoimuudessa ja sukupuolten mahdollisuuksien tasa-arvossa.
Tutkimuksessa analysoitiin, ylittyykö 40 prosentin kynnys naisten osuudessa eliittiasemista politiikan, hallinnon, elinkeinoelämän, järjestöjen, joukkotiedotuksen, tieteen ja kulttuurin eliiteissä, miten Suomi eroaa naisten edustuksen suhteen eri eliiteissä muista Pohjoismaista sekä missä määrin eliittiasemia on Suomessa kasautunut naisille miehiin verrattuna. Metodisesti tutkimus perustuu institutionaalisten asemien lähestymistapaan: eliitteihin kuuluviksi on määritelty julkisen dokumenttiaineistojen pohjalta henkilöt, jotka toimivat ylimmissä päätöksentekoasemissa yhteiskunnan eri sektoreita edustavissa vaikutusvaltaisimmissa organisaatioissa.
Naisten edustus kaikissa eliittiryhmissä yhteensä on kasvanut tasaisesti kolminkertaistuen 12 prosentista 35 prosenttiin vuosina 1991–2021. Kaikissa Pohjoismaissa naisten osuus eliittiasemista on suurin politiikan ja kulttuurin eliiteissä, mutta pienin elinkeinoelämän eliitissä. Naisten osuus eliittiasemista elinkeinoelämän eliitissä on Suomessa kasvanut hitaammin kuin muissa eliittiryhmissä ja on matalampi kuin Islannissa ja Norjassa. Suomessa eliittiasemien kasautuminen samoille henkilöille on hieman vähentynyt 1990-luvun alun jälkeen ja on yleisintä politiikan ja elinkeinoelämän eliiteissä. Viidestä henkilöstä, joille on kasautunut eniten eliittiasemia, naisia on kaksi, ja eliittiasemia kasautuu selvästi enemmän miehille kuin naisille.
Naisten edustuksen vahvistuminen eliiteissä ja eliittiasemien kasautumisen väheneminen viittaavat eliittien avoimuuden lisääntymiseen ja eliittirakenteen fragmentoitumiseen.
Flutschäden an Trinkwasser- und Heizungs-Installationen minimieren
Authors: Arens Peter
Published: September 2021

Starkregenereignisse mit den daraus resultierenden Fluten haben schlimme Folgen für die Menschen in den betroffenen Gebieten. Neben der Zerstörung von Gebäuden und Infrastruktur drohen auch gesundheitliche Risiken. Zum einen durch fehlendes Trinkwasser, zum anderen, weil mit Chemikalien und Abwässern belastetes Wasser teilweise in die Wassergewinnungsanlagen, in teilweise- oder vollständig zerstörte Versorgungsleitungen sowie in die Trinkwasser-Installation von Gebäuden eindringen konnte. Doch selbst bei unzerstörten Installationen in Gebäuden kann es zum Eindringen von belastetem Wasser kommen, beispielsweise über Sicherungsarmaturen. Im Folgenden wird erörtert, was bei der Wiederinbetriebnahme zu beachten ist.
Erdwärmenutzung mit Luft-Wärmepumpe
Authors: Genath Bernd
Published: September 2021

Eine Standardlösung ließ sich für das „Lighthouse“-Hotel Büsum nicht realisieren: Weil sich sowohl Bauherr als auch Hersteller Sorgen zu den Schallemissionen der beiden großen Gasmotor-Wärmepumpen machten, rüsteten sie sie kurzerhand von Umgebungsluft als Energiequelle auf Geothermie um.
Lokale Klimatisierung mit thermischem Komfort als Regelgröße
Authors: Metzmacher Henning , Warthmann Alexander , Syndicus Marc , Treeck Cristoph van
Published: September 2021

Durch zentrale Klimatisierung werden große Luftvolumina in Büros und Privaträumen auf eine Komforttemperatur gebracht, die nur im direkten Umfeld von Personen wirklich erforderlich ist. Ansätze der lokalen Klimatisierung schaffen hier Abhilfe, eröffnen Einsparpotenziale und ermöglichen eine individuellere Klimatisierung. Am Lehrstuhl für Energieeffizientes Bauen der RWTH Aachen wurde ein modulares System entwickelt, das Komponenten der lokalen Klimatisierung von Nutzerfeedback-Apps über thermische Physiologiemodelle bis hin zu Sensor- und Aktuatorevaluierung integriert und deren modulare Erprobungen in Probandenversuchen ermöglicht.
The distribution of controlled exhaustivity
Authors: Paillé Mathieu
Published: September 2021

While predicates in taxonomies (e.g. colour terms) are interpreted as mutually incompatible, this paper shows that their incompatibility is in many cases not lexical. Rather, it is the result of a previously undescribed exhaustivity effect. What is more, this class of exhaustivity effects displays novel behaviour. Exhaustivity is both obligatory and tightly constrained: at first approximation, any taxonomic predicate must be in the immediate scope of the exhaustivity operator it requires. Taxonomic predicates, in this sense, are argued to "control" exhaustivity.
Analysis Survival of Breast Cancer with Brain Metastases Treated with Different Fraction Whole Brain Radiotherapy Concomitant with Capecitabine
Authors: Yeoh Rudiyo , Japardi Iskandar , Lelo Aznan , Susworo R. , Pandelaki Jacub , Bachtiar Adang , Indharty Suzy , Yeoh Hendriyo , Jamnasi Juli , Omar William , Sudibio Sudibio
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most frequent cancer worldwide. The main therapeutic modality for breast cancer with brain metastases is radiation. Whole Brain Radiotherapy (WBRT) is a treatment that provides moderate doses of radiotherapy to all brain tissue. Capecitabine was found to be effective for the treatment of breast cancer with metastases and its metabolites can cross the BBB in animal models.
 
Objective: This study aims to determine the response and survival of breast cancer patient with brain metastases treated with different fractionation WBRT combined with capecitabine administration.
 
Materials and methods: This is a prospective, randomized-blind cohort analytic study. Subjects were randomized into two groups by giving different fraction of WBRT (Group I WBRT 10x3Gy and Group II WBRT 20x2Gy) concomitant with capecitabine 850-1000mg/m2. OS was calculated from brain metastases diagnosis. Median follow-up was 5.6 months.
 
Results: A total of 22 breast cancer patients with brain metastases participated in this study. Group I obtained results of 5 (45.5%) out of 11 are responding to therapy and median OS was 4.4 months. Whereas in group II found 11 (100%) out of 11 patients responded to therapy and median OS was 9.4 months. The results of statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences of response between the two groups with p value= 0.012. The differences of survival of each group also statistically significant with p value=0.004
 
Conclusions: WBRT with 20x2Gy concomitant with Capecitabine gives a better response rate and OS.
Agroécologie, autonomie et nouveaux biens communs
Authors: Ghelfi Andrea , Troisi Isabella , Corsani Antonella
Published: September 2021

L’agroécologie est l’une des principales alternatives à la « révolution verte » et à l’agrobusiness. En suivant l’exemple d’un réseau italien d’agriculteurs, appelé Genuino clandestino , dans lequel ils s’impliquent, les deux militants-chercheurs Andrea Ghelfi et Isabella Troisi nous expliquent comment l’agroécologie peut être comprise non seulement comme un savoir technique et un ensemble de pratiques capables de réinventer l’agriculture, mais aussi comme un mouvement de producteurs de denrées du terroir qui crée son propre espace d’action politique. La description porte sur la communauté Mondeggi, aux abords de Florence, qui fait partie du réseau et qui développe une agroécologie paysanne fondée sur l’autogestion de biens communs qu’elle fait croître.
Observatoires de la protection de l’enfance : supports de pilotage, d’évaluation et de gouvernance, leviers de légitimation ?
Authors: Dupuis Jérôme
Published: September 2021

Cet article examine la façon dont un Observatoire de la Protection de l’Enfance, vu comme support de pilotage, d’évaluation et de gouvernance, devient ou non légitime selon trois types en s’inspirant des travaux de Suchman (1995) sur le plan instrumental, cognitif ou institutionnel. Il s’attache à qualifier les différents usages à travers l’analyse du discours des acteurs dans un Conseil Départemental sur la base d’entretiens semi directifs et de focus groupes. Il contribue enfin à examiner le système d’observation en action et à mettre en lumière les leviers de nature à changer ou non les pratiques de gestion, les perceptions des enjeux et les positionnements réciproques entre partenaires de la politique publique de prévention et protection de l’enfance.