bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress and its relationship with knowledge about COVID-19 in medical and laboratory medicine students of Umm-Al-Qura University: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Sultan Sadia , Abu Bashar MD. , Tabassum Aisha , Iqbal Mohammad Shahid , Nomani Ibtesam , Almasoudi Nouf M. , Tayeb Mawaddah , Munshi Ghadi W. , Matyuri Rahaf K.
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has continued relentlessly for over one and half years now, causing a threat to life, fear of falling sick, helplessness, anxiety, depression and, pessimism about the future. There has been an increasing concern over student mental health in higher education. Our study was designed to measure current mental health status and its relationship with sociodemographic variables and level of knowledge about COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia.

Method

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among laboratory medicine students of Makkah city, Saudi Arabia from October, 2020 to January, 21. A semi-structured questionnaire was circulated through mail and What’s App. Data collected included sociodemographic details and level of knowledge towards the COVID-19 among the students. Depression anxiety and stress-21 item (DASS 21) was used to assess psychological status.

Result

Our study reported 51.4% depressive symptoms, 57.9% anxiety symptoms, and 48.5% stress in the study participants. History of being hospitalized with COVID-19 and ICU reported high anxiety (p = 0.0003) and depression scores (p = 0.04). Respiratory droplet as a mode of transmission revealed higher scores on anxiety subscale (p = 0.007), whereas surface contamination reported high score of stress (p = 0.004) and anxiety (p = 0.002). Knowing that COVID-19 can also clinically present with gastrointestinal symptoms was found to show high stress (p = 0.005) and anxiety (p = 0.01) scores than any other way of clinical presentation.

Conclusion

COVID-19 is likely to cause negative effect on the psychological health of students.
Atypical motor neuron disease variant: facial-onset sensory and motor neuronopathy syndrome (FOSMN)
Authors: Özenç Betül , Odabaşı Zeki , Tan Ersin
Published: December 2022

Background

Facial-onset sensory and motor neuronopathy (FOSMN) is a rare disease whose cardinal features are initial asymmetrical facial sensory deficits slowly evolving and followed by bulbar symptoms and spreading of sensory and motor deficits from face to scalp, neck, and extremities.

Case presentation

We described a 70-year-old man who presented with 6-month history of facial numbness on the left side, and gradual worsening of symptoms. Over several months, facial muscle weakness, dysarthria, and fasciculation had progressed. NCS, needle EMG and blink reflex responses suggested the diagnosis of FOSMN. The ganglioside panel (anti-GM1 and Gd1b) was positive. Considering the FOSMN autoimmune pathology hypothesis, IVIG treatment was given.

Conclusion

In this case, we aimed to highlight the key clinical aspects of FOSMN and how to differentiate it from motor neuron disease and bring FOSMN to the attention of neurologists as a recently recognized and distinctive disorder.
Updating the role of transcranial Doppler in prediction and prevention of stroke in correlation to the regularity of blood transfusion in Egyptian children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Kamel Sara Mahmoud , Nassim Mariam Saad , Mohamed Mostafa Abdelmgeed , Abdelrahman Sherif Fathy
Published: December 2022

Background

The Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hemoglobinopathy that is recessively inherited commonly among people of Equatorial African, Saudi Arabian, and Mediterranean ancestry. It is characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and intermittent vaso-occlusive events. The stroke is a common complication of SCD, which occurs in approximately 7% of children with SCD. The Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography is the only noninvasive examination that provides a reliable evaluation of intracranial blood flow patterns in real time with no need for sedation of the patient. The TCD can identify children with the highest risk of the first-ever stroke and those in need of prophylactic blood transfusion, as the blood transfusion is not in the protocol of management of SCD till now but just after complication occurrence. So, it is important to know if the chronicity and the regularity of the transfusion are useful or not.

Results

Sixty-nine patients diagnosed with sickle cell disease, recruited from the pediatric hematology outpatient clinic, over a period of 7 months, with age 2–13 years, examined by transcranial Doppler ultrasound. 44.9% of them were on regular blood transfusion, 39.1% occasionally transfused and 15.9% never transfused. Transcranial Doppler parameters of the cerebral arteries, namely TAMAX, PSV, were correlated with the frequency of transfusion and with (STOP) classification of the stroke risk. The Doppler parameters were also correlated with the different clinical parameters. The right MCA PSV and left DICA PSV were significantly higher among patients who were never transfused before. The Right DICA TAMAX was significantly higher among patients on regular transfusion, and the left DICA TAmax was significantly higher among patients who were never transfused before. Patients with high risk of stroke were diagnosed at a significantly older age. Regarding the laboratory parameters, platelets were significantly lower and total and direct bilirubin was significantly higher among the high stroke risk patients.

Conclusions

The regularity of the blood transfusion is extremely important in the stroke prevention. The most important velocities that may act as indicators for the risk are TAMAX of both DICAs and PSV of RT MCA & LT DICA.
Clustering column-mean quantile median: a new methodology for imputing missing data
Authors: Yehia Nourhan , Wahed Manal Abdel , Mabrouk Mai Said
Published: December 2022

DNA microarray data sets have been widely explored and used to analyze data without any previous biological background. However, analyzing them becomes challenging if data are missing. Thus, machine learning techniques are applied because microarray technology is promising in genomics, especially in the analysis of gene expression data. Furthermore, gene expression data can describe the transcription and translation processes of each genetic information in detail. In this study, a new system was proposed to impute more realizable values for missing data in a microarray dataset. This system was validated and evaluated on 42 samples of rectal cancer. Several evaluation tests were also conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the new system and compare it with highly known imputing algorithms. The proposed clustering column-mean quantile median technique could predict highly informative missing genes, thereby reducing the difference between the original and imputed datasets and demonstrating its efficiency.
Deconstruction and Anastasis
Authors: Mohan Shaj
Published: December 2022

Deconstruction was the beginning of a disassembly of metaphysics that now proceeds toward anastasis through the openings created by Jean-Luc Nancy. Deconstruction remained classical in the sense of its reliance on classical laws of thought, of which it remained the self-critique. With Nancy, however, the rejection of the classical laws of thought emerged. Anastasis is the other beginning that opens philosophy to the experiences covered over by the classical laws.
Les Amours Partagées
Authors: Warnell Phillip , Nancy Jean-Luc
Published: December 2022

This is a creative dialogue between artist-filmmaker Phillip Warnell and author-philosopher Jean-Luc Nancy. It explores, among other things, their film, text, and research collaborations spanning more than a decade.
Thermochronometry of metamorphic rock complexes on the SE Peloponnese, Greece, using thermoluminescence (TL): preliminary experiments
Authors: Kanavou Vasiliki , Athanassas Constantin , Stamoulis Konstantinos , Aslanoglou Xenophon , Mouslopoulou Vasiliki
Published: December 2022

Here, we report preliminary results from thermoluminescence (TL) measurements on metamorphic quartz from the SE Peloponnese, Greece, and we discuss its potential for thermometric and, possibly, thermochronometric applications over longer geological periods. Extensive high pressure/low temperature (HP/LT) schists associated with a 24 Ma metamorphic age, and with cooling ages ranging between 6-14 Ma (based on fission-track and (U-Th)/He thermochronometry), encompass sizable quartzite outcrops associated with substantially low radiation (U, Th, K concentrations below the analytical detection limits), allowing TL signal to grow on longer geological timescales. Although deeper TL traps (>360°C) appeared saturated as expected, geologically stable traps lying between around 360°C were found to be far from saturation. Once higher analytical resolution is achieved in the determination of the radioelement concentrations the recovered equivalent doses will be combined with the respective dose rates to explore the suitability of TL from quartz for longer-range thermochronometry in extremely low-radiation geological environments.
«Τσιγάρα με φίλτρο»
Authors: Μπέτας Θανάσης
Published: December 2022

Στις αρχές της πρώτης δεκαετίας μετά τον Δεύτερο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο εμφανίζεται στη διεθνή αγορά για πρώτη φορά ένα νέο καπνιστικό προϊόν, το τσιγάρο με φίλτρο, απόρροια μάλλον των ανησυχιών που διατυπώνονται έντονα από διάφορους φορείς υγείας αυτή την εποχή και αφορούν τις επιβλαβείς επιπτώσεις του καπνίσματος. Η διάδοσή του μεταπολεμικά φαίνεται πως αποτέλεσε το έναυσμα για τεχνολογικές αλλαγές στη βιομηχανία τσιγάρων. Οι μεγάλες αμερικανικές και ευρωπαϊκές βιομηχανίες τσιγάρων επιδόθηκαν σε μια νέα φάση εκσυγχρονισμού: ανανέωση του μηχανολογικού εξοπλισμού –με σημαντικότερη καινοτομία τις μηχανές παραγωγής τσιγάρων με φίλτρο– αλλά και υιοθέτηση νέων μεθόδων οργάνωσης της παραγωγής και της εργασίας στο σύνολό της.
Οι τεχνολογικές εξελίξεις που παρατηρούνται στον κλάδο της βιομηχανίας τσιγάρων στην Ευρώπη μετά τον Δεύτερο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο, καθώς και το αυξημένο επιχειρηματικό ενδιαφέρον για την επιστημονική διαχείριση της εργασίας φαίνεται πως προκάλεσαν την αναβάθμιση του ρόλου των «ειδικών» που είχαν ως αντικείμενο μελέτης τις συνθήκες εργασίας, την υγιεινή και την ασφάλεια στους χώρους εργασίας. Η έννοια των μετρήσεων, των καταγραφών, των συστηματικών μελετών και ταξινομήσεων του εργατικού δυναμικού από τους «ειδικούς», όπως και το ζήτημα της πρόληψης για την υγιεινή και την ασφάλεια στην εργασία μέσα στους εργασιακούς χώρους, συνδέεται με το αίτημα για αύξηση της παραγωγικότητας και «επιστημονική οργάνωση της εργασίας».
Στην Ελλάδα, οι μεγάλες βιομηχανίες τσιγάρων έχοντας γνώση των αλλαγών που συντελούνταν στον κλάδο σε διεθνές επίπεδο την ίδια περίοδο, επιδίωξαν να αναβαθμίσουν τον τεχνολογικό και τον μηχανολογικό τους εξοπλισμό. Προμηθεύτηκαν νέα μηχανήματα, με κυριότερα τις φιλτρομηχανές, προκειμένου να ανταποκριθούν στα νέα δεδομένα και στις νέες καπνιστικές συνήθειες που είχαν εμφανιστεί στην Ευρώπη λίγο νωρίτερα, με τη δημιουργία ενός τσιγάρου νέου τύπου: του τσιγάρου με φίλτρο. Παράλληλα, αναζήτησαν και αυτές μεθόδους επιστημονικής οργάνωσης της εργασίας προκειμένου να επιτευχθεί η αύξηση της παραγωγικότητας. Μέσα σε αυτό το πλαίσιο ο ρόλος και ο λόγος των «ειδικών» –μηχανικών, τεχνικών συμβούλων, συμβούλων επιχειρήσεων και ιατρών εργασίας– που είχαν ως αντικείμενο τους όρους, τις συνθήκες εργασίας, την υγιεινή και την ασφάλεια στους χώρους εργασίας, μοιάζει να αναβαθμίζεται.
Στο ερευνητικό έργο προσεγγίσαμε, μέσα από μια συγκριτική οπτική μεταξύ των εργοστασίων τσιγάρων της Ελλάδας και των καπνοβιομηχανιών άλλων χωρών, το ζήτημα των επιπτώσεων που είχαν η εισαγωγή της νέας τεχνολογίας και οι οργανωτικές μεταβολές στη διαμόρφωση των επαγγελματικών ειδικοτήτων και στη συγκρότηση των κοινωνικών σχέσεων στον χώρο παραγωγής. Επίσης, μας απασχόλησε η διερεύνηση των στάσεων, των λόγων και των πρακτικών των «ειδικών», καθώς και των εργαζομένων και των επαγγελματικών σωματείων, γύρω από τα θέματα που θίχτηκαν παραπάνω.
An Examination of Muslim Albanian Politics during the Greek Revolution (1821-1825)
Authors: H. Ilıcak Şükrü
Published: December 2022

There are almost 50,000 archival documents related to the Greek Revolution in the Ottoman State Archives (OSA) in Istanbul, however, scholarly research based on these sources remains extremely limited. In all these documents, the Sublime Porte’s efforts to mobilize the Muslim Albanian provincial magnates-cum-warlords against the Greek insurgents stand out as a central theme. Having exhausted its pool of military manpower in its fight against the provincial magnates (the ayans) in the decade prior to the Greek Revolution, the Ottoman central state was literally at the mercy of Albanian warlords and mercenaries for the suppression of the Greek uprising until the advent of the Egyptian forces in 1825. Yet, the Albanians followed their own survival instincts and agendas, and their averseness to put on a united Muslim front against the Greeks proved to be another failure of the Sublime Porte’s already crumbling system of imperial allegiances. There are innumerable documents in which the Ottoman administrators assessed the Albanian counteraction as the chief impediment to the suppression of the Greek insurrection. Historians’ reluctance to grant the Albanians of the early 19th century the qualities of a people capable of pursuing its own interests – as opposed to being a mere agglomeration of mercenary tribes – has largely prevented a clear understanding of their key role in the Greek Revolution.
The research explores the ways in which the actors of the post-Tepelenli order shaped the course of the Greek Revolution, putting special emphasis on the Muslim Albanian element. Making extensive use of severely understudied Ottoman archival material, the research follows the careers of the bewildered Albanian warlords endeavouring to find their place between the Greek revolutionaries fighting for independence and the agents of the Ottoman central state trying to reestablish imperial authority.
Reject and Resubmit: A Formal Analysis of Gender Differences in Reapplication and Their Contribution to Women’s Presence in Talent Pipelines
Authors: Fernandez-Mateo Isabel , Rubineau Brian , Kuppuswamy Venkat
Published: December 2022

A common explanation for women’s underrepresentation in many economic contexts is that women exit talent pipelines at higher rates than men. Recent empirical findings reveal that, in male-dominated selection contexts, women are less likely than men to reapply after being rejected for an opportunity. We examine the conditions under which this gender difference contributes to women’s underrepresentation in talent pipelines over time. We formally model and analyze the population dynamics of a generic selection context, which we then ground using three distinct empirical settings. We show that gender differences in reapplication are an important mechanism of gender segregation in some selection contexts but negligible in others. The extent to which gender differences in reapplication contribute to women’s underrepresentation is driven in part by the rejection rate. Higher rejection rates increase the stock of rejected applicants, which in turn enables gender differences in reapplication to disproportionally reduce women’s representation. The results demonstrate that interactions between individuals’ choices on the supply side and screeners’ behavior on the demand side may have consequences for gender inequality, even if we were able to fully eliminate demand-side biases. We discuss the theoretical and policy implications of our research for understanding women’s underrepresentation in talent pipelines. We also interrogate the effectiveness of common interventions focused on encouraging women to apply for opportunities in male-dominated domains.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1635 .
Cemental tears: challenges in the diagnosis and management of an unusual finding associated with rapid localized periodontal and peri-radicular bone loss
Authors: Tan Siew Leng , Patel Kajal B , Kilgariff Julie K
Published: December 2022

A cemental tear is a rare form of root surface fracture whereby a fragment of cementum partially or completely detaches from the root surface at the cemento-dentinal junction or within the body of cementum. Tears are most prevalent in incisors and lead to the breakdown of periodontal issues. Owing to challenges involved in diagnosis, cemental tears may be misdiagnosed because associated clinical and radiographic features closely resemble those seen in vertical root fractures, periodontal abscesses and endo-periodontal lesions. If incorrectly diagnosed, inappropriate and delayed management may result in treatment failure and tooth loss.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Correct diagnosis and timely management of cemental tears can prevent further destruction of periodontal tissues, improve treatment outcomes and increase tooth survival.
Freeform optics characterization with surface registration and fitting algorithms for optical point-based spatial path 3D topography metrology
Authors: Duan Yiting , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: December 2022

Accurate characterization of the form error for freeform optics is critical for controlled manufacturing and evaluation of optical properties. To solve the difficulty of current surface registration and fitting algorithms, and improve characterization accuracy of the form error of freeform optics for optical point-based spatial path 3D topography metrology, in this paper, improved surface registration and fitting algorithms are proposed, including a B-spline surface description of freeform optics, point orthogonal projection, registration parameter optimization, and B-spline fitting. Limited by the angular characteristics of an optical point-based sensor, the slope and reference frame of freeform optics must be flexibly adjusted, and polynomial surfaces are described and fitted as B-spline surfaces based on B-spline geometric invariance. To efficiently determine corresponding points on B-spline surfaces, the point orthogonal projection algorithm without Bezier subdivision is proposed using the first-order Newton method. Then, the iteration procedure of coordinate adjustment in sphere space using Lie algebra registration parameters is proposed to solve the difficulty of the current registration parameter optimization procedure. To fit a spatial path form error, the least squares B-spline fitting method is proposed to improve the Zernike method. Through simulation experiments, the proposed registration algorithm with good convergence can improve accuracy by one to two orders of magnitude compared with current registration algorithms. Through repeated experiments of a freeform prism, the proposed method can significantly improve the peak-to-valley and RMS accuracies compared with the stylus method, and characterize the mid-high frequency form error (about 200 nm) of a freeform prism.
Inhomogeneous lens design to increase the gain of antennas regardless of the specific focal point
Authors: Taskhiri Mohammad Mahdi
Published: December 2022

In this paper, an inhomogeneous lens is presented based on the ray inserting method (RIM). The focal length is a critical issue in designing kinds of lenses. Usually, the focal point of the lens should be located at the feed phase center. The proposed lens is useful for an array of radiators and antennas without a certain phase center. Also, it can be used for broadband antennas because their phase centers are naturally dispersive. An inhomogeneous lens is designed beside a broadband rounded bow-tie antenna. The proposed lens can be used in millimeter, terahertz, and optical frequencies. The parametric model has been considered based on design frequency. The designed lens proposed a good match to the feed antenna and the surroundings. The designed lens is realized with the perforated cells. The full-wave simulations using CST software confirm the results at the operation frequency.
Optical counterpart of a Foucault pendulum
Authors: Okulov A. Yu.
Published: December 2022

The twin beam vortex interferometer with a phase-conjugating mirror in
a rotating reference frame is analyzed. The circular motion of the
interference pattern occurs due to the exchange of angular momenta
between photons and the interferometer. Using the concept of the
ideal phase-conjugating mirror, it is
shown that the motion of the helical interference pattern of
interacting vortex photons with topological charge

ℓ

may be used for detection of slow
rotations. The higher density of interference fringes may improve
sensitivity by a factor containing

2
ℓ

compared to conventional Michelson
interferometry.
Retention on ART and viral suppression among patients in alternative models of differentiated HIV service delivery in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Shigayeva Altynay , Gcwensa Ntombi , Ndlovu Celiwe Dlamini , Ntumase Nosicelo , Sabela Scelinhlanhla , Ohler Liesbet , Trivino-Duran Laura , Kamara Ellie Ford , Hlophe Khanyo , Isaakidis Petros , Van Cutsem Gilles
Published: December 2022

Differentiated models of HIV care (DMOC) aim to improve health care efficiency. We describe outcomes of five DMOC in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: facility adherence clubs (facility AC) and community adherence clubs (community AC), community antiretroviral treatment (ART) groups (CAG), spaced fast lane appointments (SFLA), and community pick up points (PuP). This retrospective cohort study included 8241 eligible patients enrolled into DMOC between 1/1/2012 and 31/12/2018. We assessed retention in DMOC and on ART, and viral load suppression (<1000 copies/mL). Kaplan-Meier techniques were applied to describe crude retention. Mixed effects parametric survival models with Weibull distribution and clustering on health center and individual levels were used to assess predictors for ART and DMOC attrition, and VL rebound (≥1000 copies/mL). Overall DMOC retention was 85%, 80%, and 76% at 12, 24 and 36 months. ART retention at 12, 24 and 36 months was 96%, 93%, 90%. Overall incidence rate of VL rebound was 1.9 episodes per 100 person-years. VL rebound rate was 4.9 episodes per 100 person-years among those enrolled in 2012–2015, and 0.8 episodes per 100 person-years among those enrolled in 2016–2018 (RR 0.12; 95% CI, 0.09–0.15, p<0.001). Prevalence of confirmed virological failure was 0.6% (38/6113). Predictors of attrition from DMOC and from ART were male gender, younger age, shorter duration on ART before enrollment. Low level viremia (>200–399 copies/mL) was associated with higher hazards of VL rebound and attrition from ART. Concurrent implementation of several DMOC in a large ART program is feasible and can achieve sustained retention on ART and VL suppression.
Reducing maternal and neonatal mortality through integrated and sustainability-focused programming in Zambia
Authors: Kamanga Aniset , Ngosa Lupenshyo , Aladesanmi Oluwaseun , Zulu Morrison , McCarthy Elizabeth , Choba Kennedy , Nyirenda James , Chizuni Caren , Mwiche Angel , Storey Andrew , Shakwelele Hilda , Prust Margaret L.
Published: December 2022

Reducing maternal and neonatal mortality is a critical health priority within Zambia and globally. Although evidence-based clinical interventions can prevent a majority of these deaths, scalable and sustainable delivery of interventions across low-resource settings remains uneven, particularly across rural and marginalized communities. The Zambian Ministry of Health and the Clinton Health Access Initiative implemented an integrated sexual, reproductive, maternal, and newborn health (SRMNH) program in Northern Province aimed at dramatically reducing mortality over four years. Interventions were implemented between 2018 and 2021 across 141 government-owned health facilities covering all 12 districts of Northern Province, the poorest performing province nationwide and home to over 1.4 million people, around six pillars of an integrated health system. Data on institutional delivery and antenatal and postnatal care were collected through the national Health Management Information System (HMIS). A community-based system for capturing birth outcomes was established using existing government tools and community volunteers since HMIS did not include community-based mortality. Baseline and endline population-based mortality rates were compared for program-supported areas. From the earliest period of population-based mortality reporting in 2019 to program end in 2021, there were statistically significant decreases of 41%, 45%, and 43% in maternal, neonatal, and perinatal mortality rates respectively. Between 2017 to 2021, institutional maternal, neonatal, and perinatal mortality rates across entirety of Northern Province reduced by 12%, 40%, and 41%, respectively. Service readiness and coverage for SRMNH services improved dramatically, supporting increased numbers of patients. Significant mortality reductions were achieved over a relatively short period, reinforced through an emphasis on sustainability and strengthening existing government systems. These results were attained through a consciously cost-efficient approach backed by substantially lower levels of external investment relative to prior programs, allowing many of the interventions to be successfully adopted by government within public sector budgets.
Urban vectors of Chagas disease in the American continent: A systematic review of epidemiological surveys
Authors: Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Ana Laura , Sánchez-Casaccia Paz , Piccinali Romina Valeria , Provecho Yael , Salvá Liliana , Meli Sergio , Cano Florencia , Hernández Ricardo , Nattero Julieta
Published: December 2022

Background

Chagas is a complex and multidimensional socio-environmental health phenomenon, in which different components converge and interact. Historically, this disease was associated with insect vectors found in the rural environment. However, in the Americas, we are currently facing a new paradigm, in which different scenarios allow maintaining the vectorial transmission of the parasite through triatomine populations that either occasionally enter the dwellings or colonize urban environments.

Methodology/Principal findings

Records of scientific reports available in the PubMed and LILACS search engines were retrieved, using three criteria according to the main triatomine genera of epidemiological importance and to the general scientific production on Chagas disease in urban contexts. Results showed that records on the occurrence of vectors in urban dwellings began to increase in the last three decades. Results also showed that the main species of triatomines collected inside dwellings (18 in total) belong mainly to the genera Triatoma and Panstrongylus, with most species (16/18, 88.8%) infected with the parasite, and that infestation of triatomine species occurs in all types of cities (small, medium and large, including megalopolises), from Argentina to the USA.

Conclusions/Significance

Urban Chagas represents a new challenge that adds a different dimension to the problem of Chagas disease due to the particular characteristics of the lifestyle in urban agglomerates. The new scenario will require adaptations of the programs of control of vector to this shift from rural to urban settlements.
Clinical implications of Type 2 diabetes on outcomes after cardiac transplantation
Authors: Chouairi Fouad , Mullan Clancy W. , Ahmed Ahmed , Bhinder Jasjit , Guha Avirup , Miller P. Elliott , Jastreboff Ania M. , Fuery Michael , Chiravuri Maya Rose , Geirsson Arnar , Desai Nihar R. , Maulion Christopher , Sen Sounok , Ahmad Tariq , Anwer Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Background

T2D is an increasingly common disease that is associated with worse outcomes in patients with heart failure. Despite this, no contemporary study has assessed its impact on heart transplantation outcomes. This paper examines the demographics and outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) undergoing heart transplantation.

Methods

Using the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database, patients listed for transplant were separated into cohorts based on history of T2D. Demographics and comorbidities were compared, and cox regressions were used to examine outcomes.

Results

Between January 1st, 2011 and June 12th, 2020, we identified 9,086 patients with T2D and 23,676 without T2D listed for transplant. The proportion of patients with T2D increased from 25.2% to 27.9% between 2011 and 2020. Patients with T2D were older, more likely to be male, less likely to be White, and more likely to pay with public insurance (p<0.001, all). After adjustment, T2D patients had a lower likelihood of transplantation (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 0.93, CI: 0.90–0.96, p<0.001) and a higher likelihood of post-transplant mortality (HR: 1.30, CI: 1.20–1.40, p<0.001). Patients with T2D were more likely to be transplanted in the new allocation system compared to the old allocation system (all, p<0.001).

Conclusions

Over the last ten years, the proportion of heart transplant recipients with T2D has increased. These patients are more likely to be from traditionally underserved populations. Patients with T2D have a lower likelihood of transplantation and a higher likelihood of post-transplant mortality. After the allocation system change, likelihood of transplantation has improved for patients with T2D.
A new hybrid optimization approach using PSO, Nelder-Mead Simplex and Kmeans clustering algorithms for 1D Full Waveform Inversion
Authors: Aguiar Nascimento Rutinaldo , Neto Álvaro Barroca , Bezerra Yuri Shalom de Freitas , do Nascimento Hugo Alexandre Dantas , Lucena Liacir dos Santos , de Freitas Joaquim Elias
Published: December 2022

The FWI is formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem that traditionally uses local (derivative-based) minimization to find the scalar field of properties that best represents the field seismic data. This problem has a high computational cost and accuracy limited to local minima, in addition to suffering from a slow convergence rate (Cycle Skipping). Therefore, we developed a two-phase hybrid optimization algorithm based on DFO algorithms. The first use global minimization and clustering technique. The second use local minimization. In phase 1 we adopted the modified PSO and K-means algorithms and in phase 2, we adopted the ANMS. We call the hybrid algorithm of the PSO-Kmeans-ANMS. Where K-means is responsible for dividing swarms of particles into 2 clusters at every instant. This strategy aims to automatically balance the mechanisms of exploration and exploitation of the parameter search space by the hybrid algorithm, allowing one to find more precise solutions and consequently improving its convergence. The PSO-Kmeans-ANMS algorithm was validated on the set of 12 benchmark functions and applied to the FWI 1D problem. We compared PSO-Kmeans-ANMS with classic PSO, modified PSO, and ANMS algorithms. The metrics used were are the average execution time and the success rate (an error of ± 4% of the optimal solution). In all validation experiments and the FWI application, the PSO-Kmeans-ANMS performed well in terms of robustness and computational efficiency. In the case of FWI, there was a significant reduction in computational cost, thus presenting a relevant result.
Psychometric properties of three online-related addictive behavior instruments among Bangladeshi school-going adolescents
Authors: Islam Md. Saiful , Jahan Israt , Dewan Muhammad Al Amin , Pontes Halley M. , Koly Kamrun Nahar , Sikder Md. Tajuddin , Rahman Mahmudur
Published: December 2022

Background

Due to the ease of access to the internet in modern society users have become more prone to experiencing addictive behaviors online. The present study aimed to develop and investigate the psychometric properties of the Bangla Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF), Gaming Disorder Test (GDT), and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) due to a lack of existing sound psychometric tools in Bangladesh.

Methods

A cross-sectional paper-and-pencil survey was carried out among 428 school-aged adolescents who were active gamers (90.89% males; Meanage: 16.13±1.85 years; age range: 10–19 years). Participants were recruited using convenience sampling across four selected schools in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Data collected included sociodemographic information, frequency of internet use and gaming behaviors, psychological states (i.e., Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9], Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD-7]), disordered gaming and social media use (i.e., IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS). Psychometric testing was conducted to examine the validity and reliability levels of the Bangla IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS.

Results

The newly adapted Bangla IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS exhibited adequate levels of internal consistency. All total scores were significantly correlated with depression, anxiety, frequencies of internet use/online activities and gaming, supporting criterion and convergent validity. CFA indicated excellent construct validity as all instruments had a good fit to the data.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that the Bangla IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS are sound psychometric instruments due to their satisfactory psychometric properties including internal consistency, criterion validity, convergent validity, and construct validity.
La configuración (ir)religiosa del mito de Helena en Egipto
Authors: Vergara Recreo Silvia
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo estudia la operatividad del léxico irreligioso en distintas fuentes literarias que abordan el mito de Helena y su estancia en Egipto. La tensión entre religión e irreligiosidad, tan habitual en la literatura de Época Clásica, se analizará en pasajes seleccionados de Heródoto, Helena de Eurípides y del libelo plutarqueo Sobre la malevolencia de Heródoto.
Dehiscencia de pared anterior de conducto auditivo externo con afectación de articulación temporomandibular tras cirugía de exóstosis. Descripción de un caso clinico.
Authors: Rodríguez Martín Minerva , Corriols-Noval Patricia , López-Simón Eugenia , Salvatierra-Vicario Belén , Cobo-Díaz Ramón , García-Ibáñez Yaiza , Longarela-Herrero Yolanda
Published: December 2022

Introducción y objetivo: Describir la clínica de presentación y el manejo quirúrgico de una complicación infrecuente en cirugía otológica, como es la afectación de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM). Caso: Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 47 años intervenida de canaloplastia y estapedectomía izquierda en 2017 y dos recambios de prótesis en 2018 en el mismo oído. Enel oído derecho fue intervenida de canaloplastia y posteriormente se le realizó una timpanotomía exploradora a finales de 2018. A principios de 2019, fue remitida a consultas de nuestro hospital por sospecha de otitis externa maligna. Presentaba otorrea derecha de mal manejo, otalgia ocasional y chasquidos que no habían remitido tras tratamiento antibiótico tópico y oral y analgesia. En la otomicroscopia se observó secreciones, así como dehiscencia en suelo y pared anterior del conducto auditivo externo (CAE) derecho. Se le había realizado previamente tomografía computarizada de hueso temporal que confirmaba el defecto óseo de CAE anterior y la comunicación con la articulación temporomanbibular, así como burbujas de aire sugestivas de infección hasta espacio parafaríngeo. Se completó el estudio con una gammagrafía con citrato de galio-67, concordante con la infección en dicha zona, y una resonancia magnética nuclear para valorar más detalladamente la afectación de partes blandas, en particular lo relacionado con la ATM. Tras ingreso para tratamiento antibiótico endovenoso de amplio espectro, fue necesaria reparación quirúrgica del defecto del CAE para tratamiento óptimo. La cirugía consistió en canaloplastia utilizando colgajo pediculado e injerto de cartílago y pericondrio tragal y cerclaje intermaxilar para estabilización de la ATM que se mantuvo durante dos semanas.Resultados: En nuestro caso, a los dos meses de la cirugía los síntomas habían desaparecido. Tan solo se mantienen molestias en la ATM, compatibles con disfunción y que mejoran con la utilización de férula de Michigan. La otoscopia muestra un CAE completamente epitelizado y tímpano íntegro. Conclusiones: La fistulización de CAE-ATM es una complicación infrecuente de la cirugía otológica por canaloplastia. El tratamiento quirúrgico mediante reparación con cartílago autólogo y fijación intermaxilar es un tratamiento efectivo a corto y largo plazo.
Infiltración temprana en la parálisis laríngea: evolución y factores pronósticos
Authors: Sanabria-Greciano Lucía , Martínez-Ruiz-Coello Mar , Miranda-Sánchez Estefanía , García-García Cristina , González-Herranz Ramón , Plaza-Mayor Guillermo
Published: December 2022

Introducción y objetivo: La parálisis de las cuerdas vocales (CCVV) es una patología prevalente e incapacitante. El objetivo principal de este estudio es comparar la recuperación de la movilidad y funcionalidad de las CCVV, así como el requerimiento de tiroplastia en dos grupos de pacientes, los que se trataron con infiltración temprana con ácido hialurónico (GIT) y los no infiltrados (GNI). Método: Estudio retrospectivo observacional. Para formar el GNI se filtró la base de datos de 715 exploraciones de parálisis laríngeas y se seleccionaron 33 pacientes que cumplieran los criterios de inclusión. Para el GIT se incluyeron a los pacientes infiltrados por parálisis laríngea en los últimos 3 años (n=22). En el GNI se analizó como medida de resultado: la recuperación de la movilidad y funcionalidad de la cuerda y la necesidad de tiroplastia. En el GIT se midió, adicionalmente, la fecha de la infiltración. Resultados: Los resultados del GIT son significativamente mejores (p=0.001) en la recuperación de la movilidad de las CCVV. Se observa una reducción no significativa (p=0.14) en la necesidad de tiroplastia en los pacientes infiltrados. Existen diferencias significativas entre los pacientes con parálisis unilateral del GNI vs GIT (p=0.009), mientras que los grupos con parálisis bilaterales no son comparables entre sí, debido al compromiso de la vía aérea que sufren los pacientes con la cuerda en posición medial. Discusión: La infiltración con ácido hialurónico proporciona el tratamiento temporal del defecto de cierre glótico con baja tasa de complicaciones, prolongando el tiempo máximo de fonación y la funcionalidad de la cuerda vocal parética, pudiendo reducir tratamientos posteriores. Se ha propuesto como un tratamiento que puede mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente. Sin embargo, es importante seleccionar adecuadamente los pacientes, ya que no todos pueden ser candidatos. Conclusiones: La infiltración temprana con ácido hialurónico produce una mejoría significativa en la recuperación de la movilidad de las CCVV, lo que apoya su indicación precoz. Aunque se observa una necesidad menor de tiroplastia en el GIT, las diferencias no son significativas.
AS DIMENSÕES FORMATIVA, PRESCRITIVA E PLANIFICADA NO CADERNO MEMÓRIAS LITERÁRIAS DA OLIMPÍADA DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Garcia-Reis Andreia Rezende , Costa Míriam Fernanda
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo tem como propósito apresentar uma análise de excertos do Caderno Virtual “Memórias literárias – Se bem me lembro”, material elaborado pela Olimpíada de Língua Portuguesa Escrevendo o Futuro, 6ª edição, sob três dimensões do trabalho docente: a formativa, a prescritiva e a planificada. Por meio da análise, buscaremos identificar o que é proposto e como se configuram essas três dimensões que circundam o trabalho do professor. A presente pesquisa inscreve-se no campo teórico-metodológico do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (ISD), cujos pressupostos contribuem para a compreensão da relação entre a linguagem e o trabalho docente. Os resultados apontam que a proposta do material perpassa pelas três dimensões do trabalho e tem como objetivo primeiro o ensino de língua numa dimensão discursiva, na perspectiva dos gêneros textuais. Foi observado ainda que as sequências utilizadas pelo caderno ‘Memórias Literárias Se bem me lembro...’ apresentaram-se como uma ferramenta importante para o desenvolvimento da linguagem e do trabalho docente.
Deepening of the seabed for the construction of the LNG terminal on the island of Krk
Authors: Lakusic Stjepan
Published: December 2022

Near Omišalj on the island of Krk, where the construction of a pier for liquefied gas is planned, hydrographic measurements revealed three shoals at depths of 13.5 and 13.6 metres. For the safety of navigation, the seabed had to be deeper than 15.4 m. The geological fabric of the seabed was determined using a hydroacoustic survey and remote operating vehicle. Shallows are formed in a solid carbonate rock mass. Special technology of excavation without blasting was applied. 11,000 m3 of rock mass was excavated which was deposited nearby. The seabed habitat with an area of about 12,500 m2 was changed.
The Risk of Oropharyngeal Cancer from E-Cigarette Use: An Urgent Public Health Concern
Authors: Y. S. Lee DMD MD PHD MPH MSEd Cameron , Y. S. Lee DMD MD PHD MPH MSEd Cameron , Y. S. Lee DMD MD PHD MPH MSEd Cameron , DDS PHD MBA Jon B. Suzuki
Published: December 2022

It is estimated that over 47 million people use tobacco products, mostly in the form of combustible (smokable) tobacco cigarettes. Thirteen to 50% of smokers also use electronic cigarettes (also known as e-cigarettes or vaping). Use of tobacco is the primary preventable cause of death and risk factor for lung, head, neck, and oropharyngeal cancer. Electronic cigarettes are a $10 billion dollar industry and has the potential to surpass the tobacco cigarette market. E-cigarette use is a public health concern because of the health issues of vaping and the limited amount of scientific research to support the safety of e-cigarette use.

The authors of this paper want to create awareness that use of e-cigarettes is not a safer alternative to smoking tobacco cigarettes as e-cigarettes contain known carcinogens that may lead to development of oropharyngeal cancer.
El derecho canónico en «Estudios Eclesiásticos»
Authors: Campo Ibáñez Miguel
Published: December 2022

En el año 1999, con el final del siglo XX, la revista Estudios Eclesiásticos, en el monográfico anual de derecho canónico, publicó una crónica de lo que había sido la presencia de los canonistas desde 1922, año de nacimiento de la revista, hasta ese año. El objeto del presente estudio es retomar aquella crónica y presentar de forma pormenorizada, hasta 2021, las publicaciones canónicas en los monográficos anuales que la revista dedica al derecho canónico (último número de cada año). El balance de la presencia del derecho canónico en Estudios Eclesiásticos es netamente positivo. La crónica de la presencia del derecho canónico en Estudios Eclesiásticos es un excelente testimonio de la labor de los canonistas españoles a lo largo de estos 100 años, con especial atención a los años 1999-2021, y un buen recurso de investigación puesto a disposición de los cultivadores del derecho canónico y eclesiástico del Estado.
Structural stability of Polylactide rope drums with a hybrid Gyroid-spokes infill structure, manufactured through fused filament fabrication
Authors: Hofmann Raimond , Bochert Armin , Schmidt Thorsten
Published: December 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM) offers greater design freedom than conventional manufacturing processes. AM allows for components with complex infill structures of e. g. triply periodic-minimal surfaces (TPMS) that lead to significant weight reduction. Nevertheless, AM is mainly used in specialised engineering branches such as aerospace and medical engineering. This is due to high system cost and the high energy costs of the machines used, which utilise selective laser sintering (SLS), laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), or stereolithography (SLA). Fused filament fabrication (FFF) can offer cheaper and more energy-efficient machines. A series of tensile tests with FFF rope drum bodies made from polylactide (PLA) aims to investigate the stability of FFF machine elements. The test specimens possess a novel, hybrid infill structure comprised of straight spokes and a TPMS-gyroid surface. Compared to previous investigations, the specific breaking force – relative to the test specimens’ weight – increased by up to 159%. Whereas the infill density affects tensile strength as well as deformation, the infill distribution between the TPMS and spokes part of said hybrid structure affects especially the deformation behaviour. The results show that FFF machine elements such as the tested drum bodies have a realistic perspective for use in future products with regard to static strength.
Enhancing National Chi Nan University Campus’s Ecological Friendliness by Creating a Butterfly Habitat Using Reclaimed Water
Authors: Wuu Dong-Sing , Liu I-Chung , Chen Ku-Fan , Yang Chih-Chi , Tsar Yung-Pin , Feng Yu-Chu
Published: December 2022

The campus of National Chi Nan University (NCNU), Taiwan is about 150 hectares, and surrounded by dense valleys and forests that provides a habitat for many wild animals. In order to further enhance the ecological friendliness of the campus, the school implemented courses to create habitats for butterflies around the Sun Pond in the campus. The reclaimed water, originated from Water Treatment Factory, in the Sun Pond is used to irrigate the vegetation in the habitat to enhance the ecological conservation value. From 2019 to 2020, a number of 17 species with 670 individuals and food plants for butterflies was planted, and special instruction signs focusing on butterfly ecology were set up, so that staff and students can better understand the actions and goals in ecological conservation of green university. From 2020 to mid-2021, a total of 6 courses with 750 students (13% of the total number of students) visited the wonderful habit. The number of 22 species of butterflies was recorded in the habitat and this number was an average of 132 per 30 minutes, which shows that the construction of the habitats is successful. The creation of the butterfly habitat is in line with United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 and SDG 15. The habitat has become a distinguished place for environmental education in the university. In the future, more community residents and tourists can experience this fantastic place and realize the efforts and achievements in ecological conservation succeeded by NCNU.Keyword: Butterfly Habitat, Reclaimed Water, Green University, Environmental Education, Community Resident.
Transforming lives and societies through education and research at DCU
Authors: Fahy MSc MBA Samantha , Moran MSc Caroline
Published: December 2022

Dublin City University identifies Sustainability as a core theme underpinning all of the University’s activities and strategic goals [1]. DCU is committed to ensuring that all graduates understand the challenges of environmental sustainability and have the sustainability competencies that will equip them to be global citizens, inspired and empowered to take the actions necessary for a sustainable future. DCU undertakes sustainability focused research and works to demonstrate, where feasible, these sustainable solutions within our Living Lab campuses. DCU also works with enterprise and societal communities to engage, inform and support these communities on our joint sustainable journey.Keyword: Sustainability Challenges, Education for Sustainable Development, Environmental Sustainability