bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of SAR Image for Sea Surface
Authors: Li Qian , Zhang Yanmin , Wang Yunhua , Bai Yining , Zhang Yushi , Li Xin
Published: January 2022

Based on the simulated signal, a numerical simulation method of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging for time-varying sea surfaces is proposed, which is helpful to study the SAR imaging mechanism of time-varying sea surfaces so as to better extract ocean wave parameters from SAR images. Not only are the modulation of ocean waves, speckle noise, and temporal decorrelation of the small-scale waves considered, but the velocity bunching (VB) effect caused by the motion of large-scale waves is also effectively added to the simulation of the SAR echo signal. To verify the reliability of the simulation method, the simulated SAR images using the parameters of the RADARSAT-2 SAR, the corresponding wind wave information measured by an in-situ buoy, and the reanalysis wave spectra have been compared with the actual RADARSAT-2 SAR images. The comparisons demonstrate that the characteristics of simulated SAR images, such as the intensity distribution and the image spectra, are consistent with those of actual RADARSAT-2 SAR images. Based on the numerical simulation method proposed by us, SAR images of ocean waves for different marine environments and radar platform parameters are simulated. The imaging results indicate that the texture feature of the wind waves would be severely damaged due to the VB effect, while the texture of swells in the simulated SAR images may not be damaged or even becomes clearer. From the simulated SAR image spectrum, it can be found that the azimuth wavenumber is cut off when the VB effect is considered in the simulation process, and the azimuth cut-off wavelength increases with the range-to-velocity ratio.
Combined Effects of Artificial Surface and Urban Blue-Green Space on Land Surface Temperature in 28 Major Cities in China
Authors: Chen Liang , Wang Xuelei , Cai Xiaobin , Yang Chao , Lu Xiaorong
Published: January 2022

The two most common land cover types in urban areas, artificial surface (AS) and urban blue-green space (UBGS), interact with land surface temperature (LST) and exhibit competitive effects, namely, heating and cooling effects. Understanding the variation of these effects along the AS ratio gradient is highly important for the healthy development of cities. In this study, we aimed to find the critical point of the joint competitive effects of UBGS and AS on LST, and to explore the variability in different climate zones and cities at different development levels. An urban land cover map and LST distribution map were produced using Sentinel-2 images and Landsat-8 LST data, respectively, covering 28 major cities in China. On this basis, the characteristics of water, vegetation, and LST in these cities were analyzed. Moreover, the UBGS (water or vegetation)–AS–LST relationship of each city was quantitatively explored. The results showed that UBGS and AS have a competitive relationship and jointly affect LST; this competition has a critical point (threshold). When the proportion of UBGS exceeds this value, UBGS replaces AS as the dominant variable for LST, bringing about a cooling effect. In contrast, when AS dominates LST, it causes a warming effect. The critical points between AS and water and between AS and vegetation in 28 major cities in China were 80% and 70%, respectively. The critical point showed an obvious zonal difference. Compared with cities in subtropical and temperate climate regions, the critical point of arid cities is higher, and UBGS exhibited better performance at alleviating the urban thermal environment. The critical point of cities with higher development levels is lower than that of cities with lower development levels. Even areas with relatively low AS coverage are prone to high temperatures, and more attention should be paid to improving the coverage of UBGS. Our research results provide a reference for the more reasonable handling of the relationship between urban construction, landscape layout, and temperature control.
Effect of Marginal-Quality Irrigation on Accumulation of some Heavy Metals (Mn, Pb, and Zn) in TypicTorripsamment Soils and Food Crops
Authors: Abuzaid Ahmed S. , Abdel-Salam Mohamed A. , Ahmad Abeer F. , Fathy Hala A. , Fadl Mohamed E. , Scopa Antonio
Published: January 2022

Lack of active sorption sites in sandy soils renders metals added by irrigation water more labile and increases their soil-to-plant transfer. Thus, this study investigated the long-term impacts of irrigation using sewage effluents and contaminated groundwater on metal accumulations in TypicTorripsamment soils, and edible parts of food crops. Nine sites in El-Gabal El-Asfar farm, south-eastern to the Nile Delta of Egypt, were selected. At each site, irrigation water, soil (0–30 cm), and the crop’s edible part were sampled in triplicates and analyzed for Mn, Pb, and Zn. Results revealed significant (p < 0.05) differences in metal concentrations among water sources. Thus, constant irrigation caused significant spatial variations in total and available metal contents in soils. Total contents of Pb (in four sites) and Zn (in all sites) exceed the lithosphere range, while the available contents of the three metals exceeded the safe limits in all soils. The index of geo-accumulation indicated no Mn pollution but showed elevated pollution risks for Pb and Zn. The three metals showed high availability ratios, proving the effect of light soil texture. The multivariate statistical analysis indicated that Mn and Zn had similar geochemical behaviors in soils. Metal contents in all crop’s edible parts surpassed the safe limits. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was less than 1.0 for Mn and Zn but higher than 1.0 for Pb. The highest BAFs occurred in cabbage leaves, indicating the phytoextraction potential of this species. Sufficient water treatment and proper remediation techniques are recommended to alleviate metal accumulation in food crops and their transfer via the food chain.
Testing the Influence of Self-Efficacy and Demographic Characteristics among International Students on Entrepreneurial Intention in the Context of Hungary
Authors: Wu Jingjing , Alshaabani Ayman , Rudnák Ildikó
Published: January 2022

With the fact that studying abroad has gradually become the priority choice for students to pursue higher education, the number of international students is undergoing dramatic growth. However, little is known about the entrepreneurship of this growing group. Moreover, a considerable number of researchers propose that entrepreneurial self-efficacy is one of the critical factors that influence individuals to make entrepreneurial decisions in the entrepreneurial domain. Therefore, this paper takes a group of international students as its research object to explore the impact of the four capability dimensions of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention (EI) and its relationship with demographic characteristics in the Hungarian context. The four capability dimensions tested in this study include operation and management capacity (OMC), relationship coordination capacity (RCC), risk tolerance capacity (RTC), and innovative and opportunity identification capacity (IOIC). To test the hypothesis in this paper, the hierarchical regression and independent samples t-test are used. The results show that OMC, RTC, and IOIC have a significant impact on the EI of international students, but RCC has not been confirmed. Additionally, the demographic characteristics of international students are associated with their EI in the context of Hungary. This finding contributes to adopting more effective and comprehensive entrepreneurial practices for relevant institutions.
Impacts of COVID-19 on the Fisheries and Aquaculture Sector in Developing Countries and Ways Forward
Authors: Alam G. M. Monirul , Sarker Md Nazirul Islam , Gatto Marcel , Bhandari Humnath , Naziri Diego
Published: January 2022

Fish is a major source of food and nutritional security for subsistence communities in developing countries, it also has linkages with the economic and supply-chain dimensions of these countries. Burgeoning literature has revealed the adverse impacts of COVID-19 on the fisheries and aquaculture sector, which serves as the major source of income and employment for numerous people globally. This study has employed a systematic literature review of the overall impacts of COVID-19 on the fisheries and aquaculture sector in developing countries using the PRISMA approach. This study reveals that COVID-19 has posed numerous challenges to fish supply chain actors, including a shortage of inputs, a lack of technical assistance, an inability to sell the product, a lack of transportation for the fish supply, export restrictions on fish and fisheries products, and a low fish price. These challenges lead to inadequate production, unanticipated stock retention, and a loss in returns. COVID-19 has also resulted in food insecurity for many small-scale fish growers. Fish farmers are becoming less motivated to raise fish and related products as a result of these cumulative consequences. Because of COVID-19’s different restriction measures, the demand and supply sides of the fish food chain have been disrupted, resulting in reduced livelihoods and economic vulnerability. In order to assist stakeholders to cope with, adapt to, and build resilience to pandemics and other shocks, this study offers policy recommendations to address the COVID-19-induced crisis in the fisheries and aquaculture sector.
A Comparative Study on the Difference in Meteorological Monitoring between Constructed Green Land and Natural Sandy Land
Authors: Huo Wen , Yang Fan , Zhi Xiefei , Mamtimin Ali , He Qing , Pan Honglin , Wen Cong , Wang Yu , Wu Ye , Yang Xinghua , Zhou Chenglong , Song Meiqi , Meng Lu , Wang Minzhong
Published: January 2022

The Taklimakan Desert is a typical arid area. Due to the needs of production and life, a total of 2 km2 of constructed green land (hereinafter referred to as CGL) has been formed in the sand dune, resulting in the uniform underlying surface of the desert having been changed, which has led to the change in the near-surface energy distribution pattern and the formation of a local climate of the CGL that is obviously different from that of the desert climate. Therefore, it is necessary to study the varied interval of the threshold of meteorological factors and the regional climate characteristics of the CGL under the background of desert. The main results are as follows. Firstly, from sunrise to noon, the increasing rate of temperature in natural sandy land (hereafter, NSL) was higher than that in CGL, and the opposite results occurred between noon and sunset. The peak temperature of CGL was 2 h later than that of NSL. At night, the temperature at the boundary of the CGL was generally higher than that of the NSL and the central area of the CGL. In addition, the results show that under the combined influence of underlying conditions, local circulation and small terrain, the CGL (middle) daily range of temperature > NSL (west) > CGL (east) > CGL (west). The positive temperature change period of CGL was significantly shorter than that of NSL in all seasons. However, temperature inversion occurred at night in all seasons. The intensity of the temperature inversion was strongest in winter, with a maximum temperature difference of 12.8 °C, followed by autumn, spring, and summer, with a maximum difference of 6.4 °C. Secondly, the wind speed in the daytime was higher than that at night, and the wind speed in NSL was higher than that in CGL. In summer, if the average wind speed of the NSL was quantified as 1.0 m/s, the wind speed lapse rate reached 30% at the boundary of the CGL. Similarly, in the central area of CGL, the wind speed lapse rate reached 71%.
Reducing the Environmental Impacts of Garments through Industrially Scalable Closed-Loop Recycling: Life Cycle Assessment of a Recycled Wool Blend Sweater
Authors: Wiedemann Stephen G. , Biggs Leo , Clarke Simon J. , Russell Stephen J.
Published: January 2022

Wool recycling has been practiced commercially for more than 200 years. This study used data from established, commercial processes with the aim of determining the environmental impacts of a recycled wool blend garment and the contribution of recycling to reducing impacts on the market for wool sweaters, in comparison to other emission reduction approaches relating to garment use. A cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment showed impacts of 0.05 kg CO2-e, 0.63 MJ, 0.58 L H2O-e and 0.95 L per wear of a recycled wool blend sweater for climate change, fossil energy demand, water stress and freshwater consumption, respectively. Impacts predominantly arose from garment manufacturing and consumer practices (retail and garment care). When a recycled wool blend sweater was maintained with best practice garment use and care, impacts were reduced by 66–90% relative to standard maintenance of a virgin pure wool sweater. Increasing the closed-loop recycling rate to 50% had the potential to reduce impacts for the wool sweater market 7–24%, depending on the impact category. Brands and consumers hold the key to increasing recycling rates and reducing environmental impacts via increased donation of garments for recycling and increased adoption of garments containing recycled wool.
Assessment of K-Struvite Precipitation as a Means of Nutrient Recovery from Source Separated Human Urine
Authors: Kabdaşlı Işık , Kuşçuoğlu Sezen , Tünay Olcay , Siciliano Alessio
Published: January 2022

The impact of nutrients on the environment, particularly on water bodies, has led to extensive studies for nutrient control. Within this context, studies have been focused on source separation of human urine from domestic wastewater to recover nutrients. Potassium is one of the most important components of human urine. However, data on potassium removal or recovery are quite limited except for some indirect information through use of zeolites for mostly ammonia removal. Potassium struvite or K-struvite (MgKPO4·6H2O) is a sparingly soluble salt belonging to the struvite family that has the potential of being used as a means of potassium and phosphate recovery from segregated human urine. This study aimed to assess the potential of K-struvite precipitation for control and recovery of nutrients. Within this context, K-struvite precipitation experiments were performed on both synthetically prepared samples and synthetic human urine solution to determine effect of operation parameters i.e., pH, stoichiometry, and temperature on potassium recovery performance. Results indicated that process performance as well as type of solid phases co-precipitated with K-struvite were closely related to initial potassium concentration, pH, and reaction stoichiometry. At pH 10, the potassium recovery efficiency was maximized up to 87% by application of 100% excess dose of Mg and P for both synthetic samples and synthetic human urine solution. On the other hand, application of excess dose of K did not provide any improvement in K recovery efficiency. The effect of temperature on solubility of K-struvite was insignificant at the temperature range of 24–90 °C. Solid phase analyses confirmed that K-struvite was co-precipitated with either Mg3(PO4)2, MgNaPO4·7H2O, or MgHPO4·7H2O depending on pH and stoichiometry instead of a pure compound.
Differences in Ethical Viewpoints among Civilian–Military Populations: A Survey among Practitioners in Two European Countries, Based on a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Khorram-Manesh Amir , Goniewicz Krzysztof , Phattharapornjaroen Phatthranit , Gray Lesley , Carlström Eric , Sundwall Alice , Hertelendy Attila J. , Burkle Frederick M.
Published: January 2022

Civilian–military collaboration in humanitarian crises has been encouraged globally; however, little is known about their diverse ethical viewpoints towards challenging and critical situations, which may cause difficulties in the partnership, and influence the outcomes of their mutual activities. The aim of this study was to identify the diversity of viewpoints and ethical decision-making during exceptional circumstances among civilian and military populations from two different countries, each with diverse background and healthcare organization structures. Possible scenarios, based on a systematic review of the literature, were introduced to Swedish and Polish civilian and military healthcare providers. Variations in the participants’ viewpoints and approaches to ethical decision-making were analyzed according to their characteristics, organizational belonging, and nationality. There were differences between both populations but also within the military and civilian groups, respectively. One significant factor influencing ethical viewpoints was participants’ nationality. Differences in ethical viewpoints between multiagency organizations should be considered in planning and implementation of future transdisciplinary and international collaboration in disaster and emergency management. Further studies and renewed educational initiatives are necessary to validate these differences and to navigate civilian–military as well as other multinational partnerships.
Analysis of China’s Urban Innovation Connection Network Evolution: A Case Study of Henan Province
Authors: Zhu Weidong , Yue Zilin , He Naiying , Luan Kuifeng , Ye Li , Qian Chuyi
Published: January 2022

The research on urban innovation links is of great significance for revealing the structural characteristics of innovation space. At the same time, it is of great significance for formulating regional innovation development strategies. Based on statistics from 2008, 2013 and 2018, the time and spatial characteristics of the urban innovation contact network evolution in Henan Province were investigated using the entropy weight and gravity-model method. The results show that the overall pattern of the regional innovation network in Henan Province is radial, with the characteristics of a “core edge”. It shows that it radiates to the surrounding cities with Zhengzhou as the core. From the perspective of time evolution, the radiation range and intensity of the innovation center city have changed to varying degrees and the overall radiation pattern has not significantly changed. From the perspective of spatial evolution, the evolution of Henan Province’s innovation network presents the following development trends. The central and southern regions developed rapidly, and the western, northern and eastern regions developed slowly.
Improving Safety Management through Analysis of Near-Miss Reports—A Tanker Ship Case Study
Authors: Hasanspahić Nermin , Vujičić Srđan , Kristić Miho , Mandušić Mario
Published: January 2022

A near-miss management system (NMMS) is a tool used for improving safety at sea if adequately implemented. Valuable knowledge to improve safety management might be gained by investigating and analysing reported events. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to report each observed near-miss event. Because tankers are generally considered dangerous, but at the same time safe due to stringent requirements, near-miss reports and NMMS policy were collected from one oil tanker ship. Data were pre-processed and analysed. Variables used during analysis were near-miss type, risk level, ship position, and onboard location of near-miss occurrence. Analysis of policy and reports revealed that most near misses occurred on the deck area, but higher-risk-level events were reported in the engine room and navigating bridge. Housekeeping, equipment failure, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and process-/procedure-related events were most common and generally related to lower risk levels. The most frequent corrective actions recorded were implementing safe working practices and PPE. In addition, higher-risk-level events were related to less effective corrective actions. Based on the findings, suggestions for improvements include promoting safe behaviour and adequate PPE usage through additional training, ensuring proper housekeeping, regular maintenance of shipboard equipment and spare parts management, and toolbox meetings and risk assessments that include conclusions of near-miss investigations and analysis.
Embedding Product-Service System of Cutting Tools into the Machining Process: An Eco-Efficiency Approach toward Sustainable Development
Authors: Lanzilotti Cledson Oliveira , Pinto Luiz Fernando Rodrigues , Facchini Francesco , Digiesi Salvatore
Published: January 2022

Product-Service System (PSS) is a sustainable strategy that shifts the focus of the business from selling physical products to providing service by using the product. The innovation proposed in the PSS, focused on sustainable production and consumption, is consistent with the sustainable development goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. The scientific literature on PSS in machining showed studies that address the economic factor of PSS contract, machine maintenance and logistics and operational process improvement. Then, there is a lack of studies on the assessment of the PSS in machining under a sustainability factors perspective. Thus, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the economic, environmental, and social advantages of PSS cutting tools in machining. Consistent with this aim, the research focused on a case study in a diesel engine parts machining company. From an economic point of view, the results indicated a reduction in operating costs of US$ 1,206,080 per year, which allowed a nine-month return on investment. From an ecological perspective, the recovery of 602 kg of carbide per year mitigated the environmental impact of tungsten and cobalt exploration. These results are even more expressive because it deals with scarce metals. Furthermore, technological advances reduced the risk of injury to operators. This research increased knowledge on PSS in machining by presenting an original study that led the analysis under a sustainability perspective. Moreover, this study contributes to managers by showing the business model’s advantages that reduce operating costs and socio-environmental impacts, enhancing sustainable development.
Copula-Based Estimation Methods for a Common Mean Vector for Bivariate Meta-Analyses
Authors: Shih Jia-Han , Konno Yoshihiko , Chang Yuan-Tsung , Emura Takeshi
Published: January 2022

Traditional bivariate meta-analyses adopt the bivariate normal model. As the bivariate normal distribution produces symmetric dependence, it is not flexible enough to describe the true dependence structure of real meta-analyses. As an alternative to the bivariate normal model, recent papers have adopted “copula” models for bivariate meta-analyses. Copulas consist of both symmetric copulas (e.g., the normal copula) and asymmetric copulas (e.g., the Clayton copula). While copula models are promising, there are only a few studies on copula-based bivariate meta-analysis. Therefore, the goal of this article is to fully develop the methodologies and theories of the copula-based bivariate meta-analysis, specifically for estimating the common mean vector. This work is regarded as a generalization of our previous methodological/theoretical studies under the FGM copula to a broad class of copulas. In addition, we develop a new R package, “CommonMean.Copula”, to implement the proposed methods. Simulations are performed to check the proposed methods. Two real dataset are analyzed for illustration, demonstrating the insufficiency of the bivariate normal model.
Evolution of CCR5 and CCR2 Genes in Bats Showed Multiple Independent Gene Conversion Events
Authors: Fernandes Alexandre P. , Águeda-Pinto Ana , Pinheiro Ana , Rebelo Hugo , Esteves Pedro J.
Published: January 2022

Chemokine receptors are an important determinant for the infectiousness of different pathogens, which are able to target the host cells by binding to the extracellular domains of these proteins. This is the mechanism of infection of HIV-1, among other concerning human diseases. Over the past years, it has been shown that two chemokine receptors, CCR2 and CCR5, have been shaped by events of gene conversion in different mammalian lineages, which has been linked to a possible selective advantage against pathogens. Here, by taking advantage of available bat genomes, we present the first insight of CCR2 and CCR5 evolution within the Chiroptera order. In total, four independent events of recombination between CCR2 and CCR5 were detected: two in a single species, Miniopterus natalensis; one in two species from the Rhinolophoidea superfamily; and one in four species from the Pteropodidae family. The regions affected by the gene conversions were generally extensive and always encompassed extracellular domains. Overall, we demonstrate that CCR2 and CCR5 have been subject to extensive gene conversion in multiple species of bats. Considering that bats are known to be large reservoirs of virus in nature, these results might indicate that chimeric CCR2-CCR5 genes might grant some bat species a selective advantage against viruses that rely in the extracellular portions of either CCR2 or CCR5 as gateways into the cell.
Modelling Precipitation Intensities from X-Band Radar Measurements Using Artificial Neural Networks—A Feasibility Study for the Bavarian Oberland Region
Authors: Vogl Stefanie , Laux Patrick , Bialas Joachim , Reifenberger Christian
Published: January 2022

Radar data may potentially provide valuable information for precipitation quantification, especially in regions with a sparse network of in situ observations or in regions with complex topography. Therefore, our aim is to conduct a feasibility study to quantify precipitation intensities based on radar measurements and additional meteorological variables. Beyond the well-established Z–R relationship for the quantification, this study employs Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in different settings and analyses their performance. For this purpose, the radar data of a station in Upper Bavaria (Germany) is used and analysed for its performance in quantifying in situ observations. More specifically, the effects of time resolution, time offsets in the input data, and meteorological factors on the performance of the ANNs are investigated. It is found that ANNs that use actual reflectivity as only input are outperforming the standard Z–R relationship in reproducing ground precipitation. This is reflected by an increase in correlation between modelled and observed data from 0.67 (Z–R) to 0.78 (ANN) for hourly and 0.61 to 0.86, respectively, for 10 min time resolution. However, the focus of this study was to investigate if model accuracy benefits from additional input features. It is shown that an expansion of the input feature space by using time-lagged reflectivity with lags up to two and additional meteorological variables such as temperature, relative humidity, and sunshine duration significantly increases model performance. Thus, overall, it is shown that a systematic predictor screening and the correspondent extension of the input feature space substantially improves the performance of a simple Neural Network model. For instance, air temperature and relative humidity provide valuable additional input information. It is concluded that model performance is dependent on all three ingredients: time resolution, time lagged information, and additional meteorological input features. Taking all of these into account, the model performance can be optimized to a correlation of 0.9 and minimum model bias of 0.002 between observed and modelled precipitation data even with a simple ANN architecture.
Hydro Power Plants as Disputed Infrastructures in Latin America
Authors: Hernández-Gutiérrez José Carlos , Peña-Ramos José Antonio , Espinosa Victor I.
Published: January 2022

Non-violent methods can strongly support achieving the 2030 Agenda of sustainable development goals, increasing energy efficiency and access in the poorest countries. However, hydroelectric power stations are disputed strategic elements in any region of the world. This paper analyzes, firstly, the role of hydroelectric power stations as elements that have been generating conflicts in Latin America in the period 1982–2018 and, secondly, the conflicts themselves. The results show that indigenous peoples face the most significant risks from constructing dams and, consequently, they are the primary opponents of hydroelectric projects.
Effectiveness and Characterization of Novel Mineral Clay in Cd2+ Adsorption Process: Linear and Non-Linear Isotherm Regression Analysis
Authors: Tonk Szende , Aradi László Előd , Kovács Gábor , Turza Alexandru , Rápó Eszter
Published: January 2022

The excellent adsorption properties of clay minerals make the optimization of heavy metal removal the subject of numerous research projects. In the present study, ASLAVITAL cosmetic clay (ACC) powder was applied for the removal of Cd2+ from water. The main deposit of ACC clay is the Pădurea Craiului Mountains in Romania. A wide range of morpho-structural approaches (SEM, EDX, FTIR, Raman, XRD) were used to characterize the morphology and elemental composition of the adsorbent. As expected for clay minerals, Al (Wt(%) = 11.4 ± 0.9) and Si (Wt(%) = 13.7 ± 1.4) are the main constituents of ACC. After adsorption, Wt(%) = 0.2 ± 0.01 Cd2+ was detected in the sample. As proved before, the initial metal concentration is the primary influencing factor; therefore, batch adsorption of 10–160 mg/L Cd2+ was investigated. After 190 min, an efficiency of 99% was reached, and the quantity in equilibrium increased from 1–8 mg/g. The best fit in linear form was obtained for the Langmuir II. model, where R2 = 0.954 (RL = 0.037–0.027). Based on linear isotherm models, physical bonds formed between ACC and Cd2+ during the favorable adsorption. For the non-linear fits, the Liu model proved to be the best R2 = 0.965, χ2 = 1.101. Pseudo-II-order kinetic model described the experimental data R2 = 0.988–0.999; qexp and qcalc were almost identical (the differences ranged 0.03–0.34).
The Stability Analysis of Tension-Leg Platforms under Marine Environmental Loads via Altering the Connection Angle of Tension Legs
Authors: Xu Xu , Wei Naying , Yao Wenjuan
Published: January 2022

Tension-leg platforms have attracted increasing attention due to their smaller motion responses in platform planes among various offshore floating platforms. To better utilize wind energy sources, this paper carried out an improved modelling calculation for tension-leg floating foundations. A comparative study was conducted on the dynamic responses under environmental loading conditions via altering the tension legs’ connection angle. Based on potential flow theory and the Morison formulation, this paper established a complex system of tension-leg platforms under coupled nonlinear loads. After considering tension legs with different angles under the same or different environmental loads, numerical simulations were performed using AQWA for motion responses. Following this, the restraining effect on the platform motion responses and the tension changes of the tension legs are further discussed. The results indicate that compared with the existing tension-leg connection mode, this paper’s model could effectively reduce the dynamic responses in surge and pitch and improve the stability and safety of tension-leg platforms.
Predicting Snowmelt Runoff at the Source of the Mountainous Euphrates River Basin in Turkey for Water Supply and Flood Control Issues Using HEC-HMS Modeling
Authors: Şengül Selim , İspirli Muhammet Nuri
Published: January 2022

Predicting the runoff from snowpack accumulated in mountainous basins during the melting periods is very important in terms of assessing issues such as water supply and flood control. In this study, the Hydrological Engineering Center–Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS) was used to simulate snowmelt runoff in the Kırkgöze–Çipak Basin that has a complex topography where altitude differences range from 1823 m to 3140 m above the sea level. The Kırkgöze–Çipak Basin, located in eastern Turkey, is a basin where snowfall is highly effective during the cold season. There are three automatic meteorology and snow observation stations and three stream gauge stations in the basin, which are operated especially for the calibration and validation of hydrological parameters at different altitudes and exposures. In this study, the parameters affecting snow accumulation–melting and runoff were investigated using the simulations on an hourly basis carried out over a three-year period for temporal and spatial distribution at the basin scale. Different from previous studies focusing on the rate of snowmelt, the temperature index method, which is calculated with physically-based parameters (R2 = 0.77~0.99), was integrated into the runoff simulations (R2 = 0.84) in the basin. The snowmelt-dominated basin is considered to be the source of the headwaters of the Euphrates River.
Prerequisites for the formation of fashion as a specific sociocultural phenomenon
Authors:   Moscow University for the Humanities, Sapozhnikova Viktoriya Stanislavovna
Published: January 2022

The article examines the period of the late Middle Ages as a period in which obvious preconditions for such a phenomenon as fashion appear. It is shown that the development and unification of small feudal states following the example of the then largest kingdom of the Franks, the establishment of trade relations between Western Europe and Byzantium from the 8th–9th centuries contributed to the emergence of Byzantine goods, in particular expensive fabrics, to Europe. Nevertheless, the European costume of that time was still not much different from the clothes of the barbarians: a shirt — "shens" above the knees, "bre" (conditional trousers) to the middle of the calf, and a "cloak" (cloak). The most obvious transformations in the sphere of the costume complex began in the period of the 11th–12th centuries, which was associated with the development of the knightly estate, expanding contacts between states, and the formation of urban culture.
Legal nature of payment of forced absenteeism in case of unlawful dismissal
Authors:   Ural State Law University, Yekaterinburg, Belozerova K.A.
Published: January 2022

Decisions of the bodies dealing with individual labor disputes on the reinstatement of illegally dismissed employees are always accompanied by a decision to recover payment for the time of forced absenteeism. This article deals with the problems of determining the legal nature of such payment. Such payment is considered both from the point of view of the remedy of violated labor law and from the point of view of material liability of the employer. In this aspect, the article addresses the issues of what should be the basis for the recovery of such payment, what conditions should be met, how the period of forced absenteeism should be calculated.
Digitalization of the activities of employment agencies is one of the areas of digital transformation of the social sphere
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University, Krasnodar, Sapfirova A.A. , Yusim J.M. ,   Alfa LLC, Krasnodar
Published: January 2022

The social function of the state is implemented by the relevant state bodies, whose competence includes not only the implementation of state policy in the social sphere, but also its effectiveness. The article examines the directions of the implementation of the social function by the bodies of employment of the population. In particular, the issues of their competence in assisting employers in finding candidates for a position and potential employees in finding a job, in increasing the mobility of labor resources are considered; protection of the national labor market (statistics are provided). The author draws conclusions about the impact of digital technologies (in particular, attention is focused on the functioning of the Unified Digital Platform in the field of employment and labor relations «Work in Russia») on the process of interaction between state authorities and employers and job applicants (position).
License payments in the customs value structure: practice of countering the understatement of customs payments
Authors:   Department of International Business and Customs, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, FSBEI HE Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Mokrov Gennadiy Grigorievich
Published: January 2022

The article considers the practice of applying the procedure of deferred determination of the customs value by the method of the transaction price with imported goods (method 1) as a measure to counteract the understatement of customs payments when declaring goods containing intellectual property objects. In particular, as a measure to minimize the risks of incomplete payment of customs duties and taxes due to the non-inclusion of license payments (royalties, lump-sum contribution or combined remuneration) in the price actually paid or payable, the article suggests using the indicator of variation in the value of the customs value, which allows customs authorities to verify the completeness of customs payments in respect of goods classified as intellectual property objects.
Development of organizational and economic mechanisms for managing intangible resources and assets in e-commerce
Authors:   Basic Department of Trade Policy, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Cheglov V.P. , Panasenko S.V. ,   Basic Department of Trade Policy, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Shishkin A.V. ,   Department of Marketing, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the problems of formation and evaluation of intangible resources and assets in offline and online trade in Russia. The practice of reflection of intangible assets by trading companies in accounting is investigated; the imbalance of national and corporate interests is revealed. Methodological approaches to improving the organizational and economic mechanism for stimulating trade in the development and implementation of intangible assets and their transparent accounting are proposed.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of enterprises and organizations: problems and prospects
Authors:   Department of Economic Analysis and Statistics, Perm Institute (branch) of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Ageeva Olga Ivanovna , Marina Nailevna Luneva ,   Department of Economic Analysis and Statistics, Perm Institute (branch) of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: January 2022

One of the key problems in the activities of organizations at the present stage is an unstable economy in the context of the pandemic. The restrictions and prohibitions introduced in connection with the spread of the coronavirus infection have an impact not only on financial results, but also on the search for business development prospects.
ORGANIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO NA ALFABETIZAÇÃO: APONTAMENTOS DOCENTES A PARTIR DO PNAIC
Authors: De Lucca Tatiana Andrade Fernandes , Osti Andréia
Published: January 2022

Discute-se sobre a organização do trabalho pedagógico no processo formativo do PNAIC. A pesquisa ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e os resultados evidenciam que as docentes possuem um olhar positivo para a formação, sendo que elencam aspectos contributivos para sua prática em sala de aula, bem como para a reflexão de suas ações. Os direitos de aprendizagem são apontados como o elemento que foi apropriado por elas e que embasou o planejamento e a organização de propostas educativas. Por fim, entende-se a relevância do PNAIC no cenário brasileiro, no entanto, reconhece-se que outras ações são necessárias para alcançar melhorias nos desempenhos dos alunos.
QUANDO A ARTE E A INFÂNCIA CHAMAM PRA DANÇAR A CIÊNCIA: INVENÇÕES, AFETAÇÕES E EQUILIBRISMOS
Authors: Ribeiro Élida Santos , Pereira Laís De Paula
Published: January 2022

Numa perspectiva freiriana de que a leitura da palavra é tributária da leitura de mundo, ou das leituras de mundos possíveis, os olhares sobre a vida fundam também modos de conhecer. A produtividade constituída por um modo capitalístico de operar, conhecer e se relacionar atravessa as mais diversas esferas da vida, priorizando metas e resultados em detrimento dos processos e do sentido. Ao pensar a educação, desde a primeira infância, as metas geralmente determinam como e o que se deve conhecer, fazer, ser. O que busca escapar desses padrões é considerado erro – desviando das Grandes Narrativas em sua ciência maior. Dessa maneira, este trabalho busca investigar como a infância e a arte contribuem para interpelar o funcionalismo moderno, a ciência maior, o tempo produtivo e a postulação de verdades estabelecidas. A partir de relatos, recortes fotográficos, poesias e diálogos teóricos, esses escritos ensaísticos propõem interrogar: como o paradigma do erro-acerto institui infâncias e mundos? Como o funcionalismo moderno se cruza com as processualidades da infância? E como a infância e a arte trabalham nas fissuras abertas, desconcertando o que se quer certo e conformado, atuando como antiferramentas? Entende-se, aqui, que o espanto, a invenção, e as perdas de tempo que a arte e a infância carregam consigo traem a funcionalidade das metas, abrem-se à errância e a uma outra política da educação.
“HISTÓRIA MEIO AO CONTRÁRIO...” LITERATURA INFANTIL, CONSCIÊNCIA CRÍTICA E FORMAÇÃO HUMANA EM UM CENTRO DE TRABALHO COMUNITÁRIO
Authors: Santos Sheila Daniela Medeiros dos
Published: January 2022

Este artigo objetiva sublinhar a primazia da literatura infantil para a constituição do leitor crítico e para a formação humana em uma instituição de educação não-escolar, denominada Centro de Trabalho Comunitário, localizada no município de Goiânia, Goiás. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação, consolidada a partir de um projeto de extensão, fundamentada no referencial teórico da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural e da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica. Para a concretização deste trabalho ofertou-se um minicurso semanalmente, durante um ano, às crianças que frequentavam o referido espaço institucional. Através deste trabalho foi possível constatar a relevância da literatura infantil no combate aos livros de autoajuda para crianças, contribuindo para a superação das concepções naturalizantes e discriminatórias que perpetuam e intensificam o conformismo, o preconceito e as desigualdades sociais.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NO BRASIL: LEITURA E GINÁSTICA NA PRIMEIRA REPÚBLICA
Authors: Silva Lucas William Moreira da , Junior Arnaldo Pinto
Published: January 2022

Focalizamos a obra Gymnastica nas aulas (BARAGIOLA, 1895) para discutirmos concepções do ensino escolar no início da República. Dialogando com referências da história cultural, refletimos sobre apropriações de discursos científicos, a ideia do corpo educado e útil à nação.
SENTIDOS DE ENSINO DE LEITURA REVELADOS EM OBRAS DE ANNE-MARIE CHARTIER E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM OS SABERES DA DOCÊNCIA FABRICADOS NO COTIDIANO ESCOLAR
Authors: Magalhães Priscila Vieira , Gonçalves Crislainy De Lira , Almeida Lucinalva Andrade Ataide de
Published: January 2022

Este artigo objetivou evidenciar sentidos do ensino da leitura e suas relações com os saberes docentes. Evidenciamos sentidos de leitura como decifração, recepção e interação, os quais revelam o movimento de complexificação da leitura em nível conceitual e pragmático.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA MEMÓRIA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO COGNITIVO EM IDADE ESCOLAR
Authors: Vasconcelos Seixas Carla Patrícia
Published: January 2022

Relato de experiência do projeto “O valor da memória”, que procurou estimular a construção cronológica de narrativas familiares e da infância a partir do gênero biografia a fim de ampliar a capacidade de organização do pensamento lógico com alunos de 7º ano. Planejaram-se 4 aulas para leitura e compreensão de biografias, elaboração e apresentação de autobiografia ilustrada, com fotos e relatos da infância, e produção textual. Como aporte teórico, recorreu-se a Vygotsky (1988), Schneuwly e Dolz (2004), Bortoni-Ricardo (2004, 2008) e Marcuschi (2008). A partir dessa vivência didática, os alunos desfrutaram de uma rica troca de experiências da infância e do resgate de narrativas da família, além de poderem reconhecer seu próprio papel no ambiente familiar. Ademais, observou-se visível progresso na construção de narrativas diversas, com ordenação cronológica de fatos.
DA PARÁFRASE À POLISSEMIA: (IM)POSSIBILIDADES DE LEITURA(S) EM SALA DE AULA
Authors: Esposto Letícia Moraes , Assolini Filomena Elaine Paiva
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho é o recorte de uma pesquisa que objetivou investigar as condições de produção da alfabetização em escolas públicas estaduais. As análises apontam que a alfabetização se dá em condições de produção onde a leitura é pautada na paráfrase, excluindo as possibilidades polissêmicas.
LITERATURA INFANTIL: UM ENCONTRO COM A INFÂNCIA DO MUNDO
Authors: Freitas Juliana Bruna
Published: January 2022

Não se tem dúvidas sobre o potencial estético da  literatura para descrever as experiências humanas e aproximar o leitor da complexidade do mundo. Todavia, essa certeza foi construída, em sua maioria, com base nos textos clássicos da literatura mundial. Diante disso, esta pesquisa investiga se essa relação também se estende à literatura infantil. Partiu-se da hipótese de que a Literatura Infantil aproxima o leitor das mais diversas possibilidades de ser criança no mundo. Em termos metodológicos foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Por fim, o trabalho propõe uma categoria de análise - a poética da infância- para nomear o modo de ser criança no mundo que encontra correspondência nas produções literárias. Dentre as conclusões chama-se atenção para o potencial da Literatura Infantil em favorecer o que Merleau-Ponty descreve como a atitude de não congelar a condição de infância numa mentalidade infantil, nem considerar a criança como um não-participante da vida humana (MERLEAU-PONTY, 2006, p. 466). A pesquisa também chama a atenção para a importância de explorar o livro infantil para além de suas utilidades clínicas ou terapêuticas.
An Overview of Organs-on-Chips Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Li Jintao , Chen Jie , Bai Hua , Wang Haiwei , Hao Shiping , Ding Yang , Peng Bo , Zhang Jing , Li Lin , Huang Wei
Published: January 2022

Microfluidic-based organs-on-chips (OoCs) are a rapidly developing technology in biomedical and chemical research and have emerged as one of the most advanced and promising
in vitro
models. The miniaturization, stimulated tissue mechanical forces, and microenvironment of OoCs offer unique properties for biomedical applications. However, the large amount of data generated by the high parallelization of OoC systems has grown far beyond the scope of manual analysis by researchers with biomedical backgrounds. Deep learning, an emerging area of research in the field of machine learning, can automatically mine the inherent characteristics and laws of “big data” and has achieved remarkable applications in computer vision, speech recognition, and natural language processing. The integration of deep learning in OoCs is an emerging field that holds enormous potential for drug development, disease modeling, and personalized medicine. This review briefly describes the basic concepts and mechanisms of microfluidics and deep learning and summarizes their successful integration. We then analyze the combination of OoCs and deep learning for image digitization, data analysis, and automation. Finally, the problems faced in current applications are discussed, and future perspectives and suggestions are provided to further strengthen this integration.