bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Формирование совладающего поведения у детей
Authors: Михайлова Надежда Федоровна , Смирнова Анна Владимировна
Published: July 2018

Forming of a child’s adaptable behaviour appears under the process of family interaction and is determined by family structure, parents’ copying style, sex-role educational stereotypes, as well as by nature of child-parent relationships. A child does not copy the pattern of his/her parent’s copying- behaviour but has to adapt to it according to how his relations with the adults are in reality and how he/she “realizes ” them.
Рецензия на книгу Г.В. Акопова «Проблема сознания в российской психологии»
Authors: Грибанов Николай Иванович , Герасимов Олег Викторович
Published: July 2018

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Mechanisms and Drug Targets for Pancreatic Cancer Chemoprevention
Authors: Dhar Deepanshi , Raina Komal , Agarwal Rajesh
Published: July 2018

Background:

Pancreatic cancer management remains a major challenge to society.
Poor prognosis results in dismal patient survival rates and quality of life post chemo/radiation
therapies. Although progress has been made in drug development for targeting pancreatic cancer,
accompanying issues of drug resistance renders it futile. While intake of fruits and vegetables
in routine diets has been linked to reduced risk of pancreatic cancer, a wide variety of natural
agents are being evaluated as adjuvant therapies in combination with frontline chemotherapeutics
in pancreatic cancer clinical trials.

Objective:

This review highlights the emerging area of cancer chemoprevention with natural/
dietary compounds serving as novel agents possessing strong anticancer properties; these
are pleiotropic agents targeting multiple pathways with minimal toxicity in normal tissue.

Methods:

We employed extensive literature search and considered all the relevant information
presented in a concise, well-balanced and structured format.

Results:

Completed and ongoing human studies with natural agents have shown surprisingly
successful rates for regulating pancreatic carcinogenesis. Combinatorial therapies with synthetic,
approved drugs and natural agents not only improved the patient response rates, but also
helped in overcoming drug resistance and inducing chemosensitivity to the resistant tumors, as
opposed to monotherapies for pancreatic cancer chemoprevention.

Conclusion:

The current review focuses on the available chemotherapeutic drugs and their
limitations, and moves on to discuss the wide realm of chemopreventive efficacy that the natural
agents have to offer. It discusses the underlying mechanisms of action and available information,
from extensive literature analysis, to highlight the novelty of these agents for their antitumor
effects against pancreatic cancer.
Silver Nanoparticles-Chitosan Composite Embedded Graphite Screen-Printed Electrodes as a Novel Electrochemical Platform in the Measurement of Trace Level Nitrite: Application to Milk Powder Samples
Authors: Patri Suma B. , Adarakatti Prashanth Shivappa , Malingappa Pandurangappa
Published: July 2018

Background:

Nitrites can exert acute toxic effects in humans. It is widely used as a preservative in dairy and meat products. The nitrites form N-nitrosamines, which are potential carcinogens and cause detrimental health effects. Herein we report a disposable graphite screen-printed sensor developed using silver metal nano particle embedded chitosan composite in the quantification of nitrite at trace level.

Methods:

Conventional methods possess various limitations. Electrochemical methods provide an ideal platform for trace nitrite analysis. The prepared composite has been characterized by UV-Visible spectrometry, SEM, EDS and XRD techniques. The proposed sensor has been fabricated by using graphite screen-printed electrodes through drop coating of the composite material. The redox behavior and its application of the fabricated electrode have been studied using cyclic and anodic stripping voltammetric methods.

Results:

Graphite screen-printed electrodes after modification have been used to identify the electrocatalytic behavior of nitrite oxidation in an aqueous medium. All the parameters influencing the analytical signal have been optimized and incorporated in the recommended procedure. The proposed sensor has been used to measure the nitrite levels from commercially available milk powder samples and the results have been compared with the standard protocol. The results of the proposed sensor are in good agreement with the standard protocol.

Conclusion:

Ag metal nanoparticles have been embedded in chitosan matrix and used as a composite material in the chemical modification of graphite screen-printed electrodes. GSPEs are easy to fabricate. They provide wide linear working range i.e. 30 - 1140 µM of nitrite. The sensor is highly stable, reproducible and provides a very low detection limit of 1.84 µM. The method has been applied to measure trace level nitrite from milk powder samples.
Impact of Insect Densities Tribolium Castaneum on the Benzoquinone Secretions and Aflatoxins Levels in Wheat Flour During Storage Periods
Authors: El-Desouky Tarek A. , Elbadawy Samy S. , Hussain Hassan B.H. , Hassan Nilly A.
Published: July 2018

Objectives:

The present study was prepared to investigate the impact of insect density, adult emergence of Tribolium castaneum on the secretion of Benzoquinones (BQs) consist of methyl-1,4-benzoquinone(MBQ) and Ethyl-1,4-Benzoquinone (EBQ), and accumulation of Aflatoxins (AFs) in wheat flour stored at different periods.

Methods:

Forty grams of wheat flour were put into small glass jars (8 cm diameter and 12 cm length). Then T. castaneum was put in each jars at rates of 10, 20 and 30 unsexed pairs of insect adult. The jars were covered with muslin cloth and the rubber band was fixed to prevent insects to escape. A glass jar without any insects served as the control. The jars lifted on bench in the laboratory for two, three and four months of storage under laboratory temperature conditions (with average 28 ± 20C and 65±5 R.H). The previous design was replicated three times. At the end of each storage period, the jars containing the flour were sieved thoroughly by 40 wire mesh size to separate the insects. The insects have been counted on the other hand wheat flour was prepared to determine MBQ, EBQ and AFs by HPLC methods.

Results:

The results indicated the levels of EBQ higher than MBQ in all infested samples at all insect densities (No. of insect pairs). The concentrations of MBQ in wheat flour released by ten adult pairs (10P) with the three storage periods two, three and four months were 10.42 ± 0.56, 22.38 ± 3.67, 27.06 ± 6.71µg/g, respectively. These results increased with insect densities to (30p) were 39.67 ± 0.10, 63.58 ± 2.35 and 106.24 ± 7.4 µg/g after storage periods two, three and four months, respectively. In addition to the concentrations of EBQ with (10P) were 67.45 ± 3.64, 98.0 ± 6.1 204.66 ± 5.8 µg/g with storage periods two, three and four months, respectively. In case (30P) the levels of EBQ were 376.7 ± 0.87, 570.1 ± 2.11 and 1558.66 ± 10.88 (µg/g). The highest concentration of the BQs 1664.90 ± 11.43 (µg/g) released by T. castaneum achieved with the highest adult emergence (1021 insect adult) and the highest insect density (30p) at four months storage period. In general, AFs levels enhanced with a period of storage and insect densities.

Conclusion:

Levels of the BQs (MBQ and EBQ) increased with an increase of storage periods and insect densities. Therefore, the presence of this insect should be prevented in stored wheat flour reducing AFs contamination is possible by storage for short time and prohibit insects which causes an increase temperature of the flour and moisture, all of which promote production of AFs.
False Positive Troponin I Rendering Two Admissions for “Recurrent Acute Myopericarditis”
Authors: Marinheiro Rita , Amador Pedro , Parreira Leonor , Rato Quitéria , Caria Rui
Published: July 2018

Introduction:

Since there are many manufacturers of cardiac troponin I assays, the true incidence of a false positive result is unknown. The authors report a case of an 18-year-old patient with previous history of recurrent myopericarditis and admitted to hospital twice again with a suspicious of myopericarditis.

Conclusion:

Troponin I was found to be a false positive and alkaline phosphatase interference was proved to have been the responsible for this.
Drug Metabolite as a Novel Tool for Measuring Antimalarial Drug Adherence
Authors: Chakim Irfanul , Pumpaibool Tepanata
Published: July 2018

Malaria has been a major public health problem worldwide. The burden of malaria has been reduced by the adoption of Artemisinin-Combination Therapy (ACT) followed by primaquine dosage in malaria-endemic countries. However, evidences of non-adherence behavior lead to the discovery of antimalarial drug adherence to ensure a successful and satisfactory treatment of ACT, since it is the only available antimalarial drugs against asexual form of the parasite. Unstandardized questionnaires and limited effective alternative approaches have been the major obstacles to measure adherence. With rapid development of pharmacokinetic research, public health researchers can adopt the approach to measure adherence. Notwithstanding, the current structured questionnaire has explained in detail that the measurement and classification of adherence have produced satisfactory results. However, it is subject to social desirability bias. Therefore, in this review, we offer a new strategy combining structured questionnaire and drug metabolite as a novel consensus which eliminates biases. A new classification of adherence and graphical representation of practical strategy and other important factors are provided in this review. Thus, it initiates further works to conduct an intervention program to increase adherence level. Additionally, adherence behavior prevents the development of drug resistance and its spread, increases satisfactory cure rate and inhibits transmission by eliminating gametocyte inside host’s body.
Social Workers’ Support Skills for Parents with Mental Disorders: A Qualitative Descriptive Study in Child-Welfare Social Workers
Authors: Kageyama Masako , Yokoyama Keiko
Published: July 2018

Background:

In Japan, a half to one third of child abuse cases involved parents with mental disorders. However, support skills for these parents have not been established.

Objective:

This qualitative descriptive study aimed to describe child-welfare social workers’ support skills for parents with mental disorders.

Method:

Eight social workers were interviewed, and each was asked to identify four cases (32 total cases); two were successfully supported, and two were not. Descriptions of support goals and content were extracted from transcripts, coded, and categorized.

Results:

Almost half of the parents with mental disorders identified in this study were diagnosed with addictive or personality disorders. Social workers supported parents in the following goals: “being able to consult when the need arises,” “living conditions with minimum level of safety and comfort for children,” “living arrangements suitable for the family,” “independence of the family,” and “growth of children.” Social workers supported more comfortable and realistic living arrangements for each family and supported them to live independently. The social workers supported the parents with the following support skills: “assessment of the needs of the family,” “assessment of and support to relationships with parents,” “assessment and support of growth of children,” “assessment and support in child-raising by parents,” “assessment and support for the stability of medical condition of parents,” “support through cooperation with other related agencies,” and “continuing support for being an independent family.”

Conclusion:

Social workers had many ways of assessing/supporting parents with mental disorders. However, social workers must be more sensitive to medical conditions and collaborate more with psychiatrists.
A Cost-effective Modelling of Faster Authentication Mechanism in Vertical Handover for an Effective Latency Control
Authors: Kumbalavati S.B. , Mallapur J.D.
Published: July 2018

Background & Objective:

Vertical handover is an inevitable operation demanded in the
heterogeneous network to offer consistent connectivity to the user's device during migration from
home to a foreign network. Existing literature still shows that there is a large scope for addressing the
problem associated with providing seamless service if the latency issue associated with authentication
is emphasized. Therefore, the proposed system introduces a very simplified architecture that acts as an
external agent for collaborating with various forms of network devices that could exist in the heterogeneous
network.

Methods:

An algorithm is formulated that offers significantly faster authentication mechanism by considering
two important attributes, i.e., latency and duration. Without using any form of complex cryptography,
this proposed system proved that its architecture could successfully minimize significant delay
along with proper retention of throughput.

Results and Conclusion:

The study outcome has exhibited a computationally efficient vertical handover
approach in contrast to the existing system.
Parallel Full Search Algorithm for Motion Estimation on Graphic Processing Unit
Authors: Sayadi Fatma Ezzahra , Chouchene Marwa , Bahri Haithem , Khemiri Randa , Atri Mohamed
Published: July 2018

Background:

Advances in video compression technology have been driven by everincreasing
processing power available in software and hardware.

Methods:

The emerging High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard aims to provide a doubling in
coding efficiency with respect to the H.264/AVC high profile, delivering the same video quality at half
the bit rate.

Results:

Thus, the results show high computational complexity. In both standards, the motion
estimation block presents a significant challenge in clock latency since it consumes more than 40% of
the total encoding time. For these reasons, we proposed an optimized implementation of this algorithm
on a low-cost NVIDIA GPU developed with CUDA language.

Conclusion:

This optimized implementation can provide high-performance video encoder where the
speed reaches about 85.
Sensorineural Hearing Loss in the Structure of Occupational Morbidity in Ukraine: the Problem of Disease Detection
Authors: Myshchenko Iryna , Soloviov Oleksandr , Malyshevska Olha , Mizyuk Mykhailo
Published: July 2018

The objective of the research was to compare Ukrainian statistics in occupational morbidity with data of other countries, to analyze the trend of the occupational hearing loss formation in Ukraine over a six-year period (2011 – 2016), to consider a modern state of sensorineural hearing loss detection and prophylaxis.Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of occupational morbidity in Ukraine and other counties within 2011-2016 years was based on the data obtained from the reports of the Social Insurance Fund of Ukraine, Statistical Collector, Eurostat, the International Labour Office, the Bureau of Labor Statistic, etc.Results. The difference in Ukrainian and international statistics in occupational morbidity can be explained by the diversity in the surveillance systems. The sharp decline in occupational morbidity in Ukraine within 2014-2016 is connected neither with the improvement of prophylactic measures nor with creating better work conditions. Sensorineural hearing loss has been ranked fourth in occupational morbidity accounting for 2.5%-4% of professional pathology and is underestimated.Conclusions. The underestimation of occupational hearing loss in Ukraine is determined by economic and organizational reasons, scarce diagnostics during medical examinations, peculiarities of the national surveillance system. A possible solution to this problem includes but is not limited to the reduction in countless pathologies caused by a high level of unreported employment, the establishment of unified sensorineural hearing loss classification, the increase in an accuracy of noise zone determination (noise-map construction), the performance of pure-tone audiometry in extended range (9 – 16 kHz).
The Increased National Threat of Domestic, Right-Wing Extremist Terrorism
Authors: Manz Caitlin
Published: July 2018

Right-wing extremism (RWE) presents a national Canadian threat, requiring research and Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) programming, which Canadian security and intelligence is arguably failing to recognize and address. A rise in RWE activity, in response to U.S and European right-wing movements is occurring across the country, and Canada is at-risk for a large RWE attack, or series of attacks. Canada could be perceived to be ill-equipped against such attacks unless its security, intelligence, and law enforcement agencies begin to investigate and take seriously the RWE threat.
NATO and Canadian Responses to Russia since its Annexation of Crimea in 2014
Authors: Vancouver CASIS
Published: July 2018

No Abstract
Accountability and the Juxtaposition of Civil Society and Policing in a Period of Changing Norms
Authors: Kelshall Candyce
Published: July 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the existing approaches to police accountability and how they may or may not address changing norms and expectations of civil society. It examines the role of independent police advisors and how they may contribute to bridging this divide.

Design/Methodology/Approach

The paper is a constructivist reflexive critique of the shortcomings of the mechanisms for policing accountability. It addresses human security considerations and the social contract in the existing populist charged social context and addresses other ways by which accountability may be achieved by challenging ideas and facilitating reconceptualization of accountability.

Findings

The advent of the independent advisor as employed by British Police forces is reviewed as a viable means of engaging communities to enable a constructive relationship built on accountability in advance of action rather than punitive recourse post crisis via complaint.

Originality/Value

An exploration of the relationship between the ‘critical friend’ Community engagement model of the UK independent police advisor and the role played by this approach in reconceptualizing police accountability. The author spent 10 years as an advisor.
Why Are Violent Non-State Actors Able to Persist in the Context of the Modern State?
Authors: Dittmar Penski Victoria
Published: July 2018

El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras constitute the most violent region on the globe outside a declared warzone: The Northern Triangle. Cities in these countries have dominated the list of most dangerous cities in the world for years. For instance, Honduras’ San Pedro Sula had been at the top of the list for four consecutive years - only overtaken by Caracas, Venezuela in the latest report (Seguridad Justicia y Paz, 2016). El Salvador has, at the time of writing, an average of twenty-four homicides per day (Marroquin, 2016), and Guatemala is the fifth country with the highest homicide rate in Latin America (Gagne, 2016). Most of the violence in these countries is generally attributed to the Maras, urban gangs that formed in marginalized neighborhoods in Los Angeles, California by Central American migrants and refugees, and then strengthened in the Northern Triangle following mass deportations from the United States, including the expatriation of criminals (Cruz, 2010).
Using Text Messaging, Social Media, and Interviews to Understand What Pregnant Youth Think About Weight Gain During Pregnancy (Preprint)
Authors: DeJonckheere Melissa , Nichols Lauren P , Vydiswaran VG Vinod , Zhao Xinyan , Collins-Thompson Kevyn , Resnicow Kenneth , Chang Tammy
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND

The majority of pregnant youth gain more weight than recommended by the National Academy of Medicine guidelines. Excess weight gain during pregnancy increases the risk of dangerous complications during delivery, including operative delivery and stillbirth, and contributes to the risk of long-term obesity in both mother and child. Little is known regarding youth’s perceptions of and knowledge about weight gain during pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to describe the feasibility and acceptability of 3 novel data collection and analysis strategies for use with youth (social media posts, text message surveys, and semistructured interviews) to explore their experiences during pregnancy. The mixed-methods analysis included natural language processing and thematic analysis.

METHODS

To demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of this novel approach, we used descriptive statistics and thematic qualitative analysis to characterize participation and engagement in the study.

RESULTS

Recruitment of 54 pregnant women aged between 16 and 24 years occurred from April 2016 to September 2016. All participants completed at least 1 phase of the study. Semistructured interviews had the highest rate of completion, yet all 3 strategies were feasible and acceptable to pregnant youth.

CONCLUSIONS

This study has described a novel youth-centered strategy of triangulating 3 sources of mixed-methods data to gain a deeper understanding of a health behavior phenomenon among an at-risk population of youth.
STUDI PENYELIDIKAN AIR TANAH DI KOTA TERPADU MANDIRI, PESISIR SELATAN DENGAN METODE GEOLISTRIK
Authors: Pohan Ahmad Fauzi , Rusnoviandi Rusnoviandi
Published: July 2018

Water is a needed for human life, especially in Kota Terpadu Mandiri, Pesisir Selatan. This study aims to determine the type, arrangement of layers of subsurface rocks and their thickness and determine the type of water carrier layer (aquifer) and determine the exact location of drilling water depth in accordance with the hydrological conditions. By conducting an investigation at five measurement points using the Schlumberger geolistrik method with a stretch of 200 m. From the interpretation of the data obtained there are 4 layers of soil in the area of investigation,: the first layer is a layer of cover soil that thickness of 0.60-1.90 meters, the second layer is a layer of sand clay which 4.5-45.00 meters thick, the third layer is a layer of clay that thick 11.80-40.80 meters, and the fourth layer is a layer of sandstone cliffs of 3.00 meters thick to infinity. Based on the estimation of geoelectric data analysis which has the potential to drill groundwater at K-1 point with depth of 130 meters.

 

 

Air merupakan kebutuahan yang sangat mendasar bagi kehidupan manusia, khususnya di Kota Terpadu Mandiri, Pesisir Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui jenis, susunan lapisan batuan bawah permukaan dan ketebalannya serta menentukan jenis lapisan batuan pembawa air (akuifer) dan menentukan lokasi kedalaman pemboran air yang tepat sesuai dengan kondisi hidrologinya. Dengan melakukan penyelidikan di 5 titik pengukuran dengan menggunakan metode geolistrik konfigurasi Schlumberger dengan bentangan 200 m. Dari interpretasi data yang diperoleh terdapat 4 lapisan tanah di daerah penyelidikan yaitu : lapisan pertama merupakan lapisan tanah penutup yang tebalnya 0,60-1,90 meter, lapisan kedua merupakan lapisan lempung pasiran yang tebalnya 4,5-45,00 meter, lapisan ketiga merupakan lapisan lempung yang tebalnya 11,80-40,80 meter, dan lapisan keempat merupakan lapisan batupasir lempungan yang tebalnya 3,00 meter sampai tak terhingga. Berdasarkan pendugaan analisis data geolistrik yang berpotensi untuk dilakukan pengeboran air tanah di titik K-1 dengan kedalaman 130 meter.
COMPARISON EFFECTIVENESS OF MBSR AND CBT ON INTERLEUKIN 6 AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: BEHROOZ BIRASHK  , FARSHAD SHEYBANI  , BANAFSHEH GHARRAEE  , MOHAMADREZA PIRMORADI  , SHOKOUFEH HAJSADEGHI
Published: July 2018

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in developing countries. Research has shown that the level of oxidative stress and interleukin 6 (IL-6) is higher in individuals with hypertension than individuals with normal blood pressure. Therefore, the aim of the present randomized clinical trial study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on oxidative stress and interleukin 6. Sixty patients with primary hypertension were divided into two intervention groups (MBSR and CBT) and one control group. Oxidative stress and IL-6 were measured by prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) and ELISA method (Biovendor kit), respectively. Data analysis was carried out using ANOVA and MANCOVA in SPSS Ver.19. The results showed that MBSR significantly reduced oxidative stress. Also, MBSR and CBT significantly reduced IL-6 levels.
DEVELOPMENT OF BIOINSECTICIDES AGAINST SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA USING CHITINOLYTIC BACTERIA
Authors: DANAI-TAMBHALE S. D
Published: July 2018

Actinomycetes play an important role in the biological control of insects by producing insecticidal active compounds against various insects. They are predominantly found in soil, in the silt of water bodies, in the air and in plant remains. Chitinase is increasingly finding applications in various fields such as biomedicine, in ultra-structural studies, in the preparation of chitooligosaccharides, in single-cell protein production, biocontrol agents, agriculture, etc. Chitinase is originally an enzyme used by insects to degrade the structural polysaccharide of insects. Chitinase brings about hydrolysis of chitin which is widely distributed in cell wall of fungi, plants and insects. An attempt has been made to use chitinase producing bacteria for the development of bioinsecticides against Spodoptera frugiperda, which feeds on over more than 60 species of plants and it is periodic. The Spodoptera frugiperda armyworm (Lepidoptera) is a serious pest of cabbage and other crop. It is also major pest of maize, rice, sorghum, turf grasses, cotton, and peanuts, etc. In this attempt enrichment and isolation of chitinase producing bacteria from soil was carried out. Chitinolytic activities of the three isolates were tested against larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda. Three isolates were individually applied against Spodoptera frugiperda. The isolates named Ai, A2 and A3 were found to be more effective against Spodoptera frugiperda. The insecticidal activity of isolate A1was tested and control within 5 hours. Isolate A2 was treated with larvae Spodoptera frugiperda killed after 8 hours whereas, isolate A3 controlled after 24 hours. The evaluated insecticides provided a significant reduction in the infestation level, for variable periods.
SERUM LEVELS OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, COMPLEMENT 3 AND COMPLEMENT 4 IN IRAQI DIABETIC PATIENTS ON METFORMIN THERAPY
Authors: MUHANNAD SHWEASH  , HATEM M. HADEED  , YASIR M. FARHAN  , THULFIQAR FAWWAZ MUTAR
Published: July 2018

Metformin is considered as an oral anti-diabetes agent. It is regularly used as a first-drug for the controlling of type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). However, we aimed to evaluate whether the inflammatory biomarkers C - reactive protein (CRP), Complement 3 (C3) and Complement 4 (C4) levels are affected by metformin therapy in (T2DM) patients. Data from 150 male patients were classified into five groups (40 diabetics metformin users only, 40 diabetics without treatment, 25 diabetic insulin users only, 25 diabetic insulin plus metformin users and 20 nondiabetic healthy groups). The age ranged from 40-70 years old; samples were collected from patients who underwent treatment at National Center for Diabetes Research and Treatment/Baghdad between the periods of October 2016 and June 2017. Blood sampling was collected separated and determined by using immunoassays. Our study revealed that serum levels of C - reactive protein, C3 and C4 significantly increased in patients with (T2DM) without metformin treatment (Uncontrolled). Serum levels of all indicated markers were markedly reduced in the metformin-treated group. Patients using insulin alone showed marked reduction in C4 level. While in patients using both insulin and metformin, C - reactive protein and C3 were highly reduced than C4 which was approximately 50 % of decrement. Study outcomes demonstrated an elevation of some inflammatory biomarkers in uncontrolled diabetic patients. Metformin has a potential role in alleviating these indicated biomarkers.
ANTIPLATELET AGGREGATION ASSAY OF HOMOGENATE OF EUTYPHOEUS GAMMIEI- A NATIVE EARTHWORM OF TRIPURA, NORTH-EAST, INDIA
Authors: DEBNATH MADHUSUDAN  , DR. SHRIMATI DHARMAPAL SHETTY  , SIL SAMIR KUMAR
Published: July 2018

For several years earthworms have been widely used in china, Japan, Indonesia, and the Far East to treat various chronic diseases. Intensive exploration has been made to reveal the use of earthworm as anti microbial anti inflammatory, anti pyretic and anti-cancer agents. Earthworm contains many compounds with potential medicinal properties and have been administered to treat inflammatory, hematological oxidative & nerve disease. It has been reported that medicinal activities of earthworm may vary depending on the species & living environment of that organism Cellular metabolism plays a vital role in the homeostasis of the bodyof any living organism. This metabolism is disturbed in conditions like thrombus that inhibits the blood supply to the body tissues leading to ischemia and finally necrosis of the cells. Hence, there is an urgent need for research in the field of antiplatelet and thrombolytic agents in order to prevent and cure thrombus thatleads to pathological conditions like Myocardial Infarction (MI), Hemiplegia and the like. It is essential to search for mineral medicines of similar nature which aid in a speedy recovery and are considered to be cost effective with a longer shelf life. The extract of Eutyphoeusgammiei (E.E.G) is used as a drug.As found in the literature, it is also used in cardiac ailments predominantly Angina and Mi for which thrombus is the reason behind the pathological condition. In this study, the extract of Eutyphoeusgammiei was evaluated for its in vitro antiplatelet aggregation and thrombolytic activity which proved effective at the dose of 65Î¼l and 100Î¼l respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that Eutyphoeusgammiei (E.E.G) extract is an effective drug in the treatment of Cardiovascular diseases and Cerebrovascular accidents.
Etnografías e historias de despojo: una introducción
Authors: Arias Vanegas Julio , Caicedo Fernández Alhena
Published: July 2018

Este volumen de la RCA, “Antropologías del despojo en Colombia II”, reúne artículos de investigación que reflejan una variedad de aproximaciones al despojo como un concepto o un problema central en el país, además de un caso sobre Honduras. En Colombia, el despojo, particularmente de tierras, se volvió un tema recurrente durante la última década, pero requiere mayor estudio y debate. A partir de enfoques etnográficos e históricos en diversas geografías del país, los trabajos examinan distintas formas y mecanismos de despojo, sus efectos cotidianos y muchas veces silenciosos, y las luchas en torno a estos. Al igual que en los artículos del anterior dosier, “Antropologías del despojo en Colombia I” (RCA 52-2), en varios de los que aquí se incluyen se discuten el uso y la transformación social de conceptos como despojo o posesión, así como las posibilidades y limitaciones de la categoría de despojo. En su conjunto, los textos ponen en evidencia la necesidad de no reducir el despojo a un asunto de tierras, al número de hectáreas o a eventos fijos en el tiempo, e ir más allá de explicaciones macro y unidireccionales.
Vida campesina y modelo de desarrollo: configuraciones de despojo/ privilegio en el norte del Cauca
Authors: Caicedo Fernández Alhena
Published: July 2018

Este trabajo estudia la vida campesina desde una aproximación cualitativa que contribuye a la comprensión de sus formas de subalternización en las últimas décadas. La investigación se concentra en la historia de los campesinos negros de dos veredas del municipio de Suárez: Pureto y La Toma, situadas al norte del departamento del Cauca, escenario de múltiples formas de despojo. Proponemos analizar la configuración regional como efecto del despliegue de un modelo de desarrollo que se ha articulado a partir de diferentes dispositivos de generación y ocultamiento del despojo, así como de producción de privilegios en distintas escalas.
Combinar etnografía y sociohistoria: de la unidad de las ciencias sociales a la complementariedad de los métodos
Authors: Pasquali Paul
Published: July 2018

Este artículo explora los retos historiográficos, empíricos y teóricos de la combinación de los métodos etnográficos con la sociohistoria. Muestra por qué y de qué manera la unidad de las ciencias sociales se despliega en la complementariedad activa de la etnografía y la sociohistoria. El análisis de los aspectos concretos de esta complementariedad permite explorar la cuestión de la interdisciplinariedad, más allá del discurso de las “alianzas” o del “intercambio” entre las disciplinas. Contra el prejuicio de que los archivos les pertenecen a los historiadores y el “campo” a los antropólogos y sociólogos, se trata de contestar la siguiente pregunta: ¿en qué tipo de trabajo historiográfico se origina esta complementariedad de métodos y a qué usos y categorías se refiere concretamente hoy en día?
Comerciar sin afiebrarse. Experiencias sensoriales y oposiciones cualitativas en la formalización de la economía esmeraldera en Colombia
Authors: Caraballo Acuña Vladimir
Published: July 2018

Desde hace algunos años la explotación y el comercio de minerales en Colombia atraviesan un lento proceso de formalización en manos del Estado. En el caso de las esmeraldas, ha estado acompañado por la consolidación del Grupo Muzo, compañía estadounidense encargada de explotar, tallar y exportar las esmeraldas. En este artículo sugiero que ambos procesos han implicado la construcción de una ideología semiótica que organiza experiencias sensoriales de la economía esmeraldera alrededor de tres pares de cualidades opuestas: sucio/limpio, caliente/frío y opaco/transparente. Para desarrollar la relación entre experiencias sensoriales e ideología propongo un acercamiento metodológico que combina los insumos de mi trabajo de campo y la antropología semiótica contemporánea, particularmente, aquella que recupera el pragmatismo filosófico de Charles Peirce.
Políticas y poéticas de la memoria y del patrimonio cultural afrocubano: el caso del Central Azucarero México
Authors: Annecchiarico Milena
Published: July 2018

Este artículo presenta una experiencia de gestión comunitaria del patrimonio cultural afrocubano en el Central Azucarero México, ubicado en la provincia de Matanzas (Cuba). Se analizan las articulaciones entre memoria colectiva, política cultural y racialidad que operan en la definición y gestión de los bienes

comunes patrimoniales en el contexto cubano actual. Teniendo en cuenta las dinámicas históricas, culturales y políticas de la comunidad, se destaca que la activación de demandas de visibilidad y de organización autonómica en la gestión del patrimonio permite la emergencia de una narrativa local que reubica el pasado esclavista en el marco de las necesidades y expectativas actuales, que incluyen la lucha antirracista.
Soberanía alimentaria y otras soberanías: el valor de los bienes comunes
Authors: Micarelli Giovanna
Published: July 2018

Si la realización del derecho a la alimentación depende en gran medida de la soberanía alimentaria, como ha sido recientemente reconocido, este artículo plantea que existe una relación íntima entre soberanía alimentaria, soberanía territorial y derecho a los bienes comunes. Mediante un estudio etnográfico del papel de la comida en construcciones socionaturales no dualistas, el artículo cuestiona la conceptualización economicista de los bienes comunes como recursos y propone ver “comunidades” y “recursos” como parte de un proceso de construcción simultánea, y por lo tanto inseparables. En diálogo con teorizaciones indígenas del concepto de soberanía, el texto busca expandir el concepto de soberanía alimentaria con el cual contribuir a una noción plural del derecho a la alimentación.
¿Trascender la “construcción de identidades”? Identificación, imagen social, pertenencia
Authors: Avanza Martina , Laferté Gilles
Published: July 2018

El presente análisis crítico no busca discutir textos sobre un mismo tema. Más bien propone articular una serie de trabajos con distintos puntos de vista2: un texto teórico de Rogers Brubaker; los estudios sobre la sociohistoria de la burocracia desde el Antiguo Régimen a nuestros días, reunidos por Gérard Noiriel; una sociología de las imágenes regionales del siglo XVIII al XX, realizada por Jean-Claude Chamboredon y Annie Méjean, así como una etnografía de los jóvenes rurales en los campos contemporáneos por Nicolas Renahy. A partir de estos textos deseamos revisitar diversas nociones que los caracterizan: identificación, en los textos de Noiriel; imagen social, en aquellos de Chamboredon y Méjean; y pertenencia, en los de Renahy. Nuestro interés es mostrar que estas nociones, si se toman en conjuntoy no aisladamente, permiten superar el concepto tan problemático de identidad.
A CONTRARREFORMA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR BRASILEIRO: DETERMINANTES HISTÓRICOS
Authors: Antunes Andressa Elisa Martos , Lemos Esther Luíza de Souza
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo problematiza o acesso à educação, particularmente ao ensino superior, considerando sua não efetivação como direito social e sim como negócio lucrativo no Brasil. Retoma a leitura dos clássicos do pensamento social no campo da tradição marxista para apreender a historicidade do sentido da educação e do acesso ao ensino superior para a classe trabalhadora. Sendo parte dos estudos que fundamentaram a dissertação de mestrado defendida, este artigo analisa a dualidade das respostas construídas pelo Estado brasileiro no campo da educação, situando a educação a distância como funcional às novas exigências da formação da força de trabalho. Neste contexto novos desafios se impõem ao projeto ético-político do Serviço Social brasileiro.
CONSERVADORISMO, BANCO MUNDIAL E SERVIÇO SOCIAL: O (NEO) DESENVOLVIMENTISMO E AS REFORMAS SOCIAIS
Authors: Oliveira Ana Cristina Oliveira de , Oliveira Ana Cristina Oliveira de
Published: July 2018

Este artigo revela os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa documental que estuda a “nova” sociabilidade do capital e suas manifestações a partir dos anos 2000, tendo como norteador as estratégias de desenvolvimento no “combate à pobreza. O texto discute os processos potenciados pelas políticas neoliberais e (neo) desenvolvimentistas que resgatam o reformismo social e o conservadorismo edificando um pensamento único na contramão da construção do projeto ético político profissional. Trata, ainda, da investida do Banco Mundial como um interlocutor direto na ação política e econômica nos países de capitalismo dependente. Entende que a abordagem do conservadorismo se apresenta na ação política de direita já consolidado no passado e que não se apresenta como algo novo. Entende que é constitutiva da dinâmica do capital e do tratamento na relação entre a acumulação do capital e seus impactos na força viva de trabalho. Concluímos que a defesa das reformas sociais implica na roupagem mais humana do capitalismo e na retomada do conservadorismo na profissão. E que neste sentido, o Serviço Social enfrenta o desafio de aproximar-se dos movimentos sociais organizados no horizonte da organização da classe trabalhadora para a contra-ordem burguesa e a desnaturalização da “questão social”.PALAVRAS-CHAVEPobreza. Reformas sociais. Conservadorismo. Banco Mundial. Serviço Social.
PARÂMETROS PARA A ATUAÇÃO DE ASSISTENTES SOCIAIS NA POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE: O SIGNIFICADO NO EXERCÍCIO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Silva Débora Cristina da , Krüger Tânia Regina
Published: July 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar o significado que os Parâmetros para a Atuação de Assistentes Sociais na Política de Saúde representam para o exercício profissional no âmbito hospitalar. Este documento de subsídio para atuação do serviço social na saúde completará uma década, em que se observa a necessidade de refletir sobre o seu significado e em que medida representa adensamento teórico-metodológico, político e operativo para o exercício profissional. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa se caracterizou como exploratória e qualitativa, através da realização de grupos focais com assistentes sociais que atuam em dois hospitais da grande Florianópolis. Os resultados apontam que há um superficial conhecimento do referido documento, com ênfase no eixo de atendimento direto aos usuários e o reconhecimento de práticas vinculadas essencialmente às demandas socioassistenciais e emergenciais. Em grande medida, ficou ausente nos grupos focais a referência política do documento em relação aos fundamentos do projeto ético político do serviço social e do Sistema Único de Saúde.
EXPECTATIVAS DE GESTANTES SOBRE REDE DE APOIO
Authors: Mororó Gessica Martins , Martins Aline de Carvalho
Published: July 2018

Este artigo trata do cuidado infantil como uma esfera da reprodução da força de trabalho que não vem sendo assumida pelo Estado, mas tratada como responsabilidade da família, especialmente das mulheres. A pesquisa realizou um estudo qualitativo, com base na análise de conteúdo, cujo objetivo é apresentar as expectativas de rede de apoio pessoal e estatal em gestantes com idade igual ou superior a 35 anos.  Os resultados apontam que elas tendem a pensar em estratégias mais práticas e menos politizadas para a solução cuidado infantil e buscam resolver as questões de gênero somente no âmbito privado.
COMO A GENTE LIDA? A ATUAÇÃO DA ESTRATÉGIA DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA EM SITUAÇÕES DE VIOLÊNCIA CONJUGAL
Authors: Januário Iara de Souza , Medeiros Priscilla Brandão de
Published: July 2018

O artigo ora apresentado é subsidio para conclusão de residência multiprofissional e traz a sistematização do estudo sobre a atuação da equipe de Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) na problemática da violência doméstica contra mulher em sua interface na relação conjugal, a partir da pesquisa realizada junto aos profissionais da Unidade “Sílvio Bezerra de Melo” na cidade de Currais Novos/RN. Objetiva apresentar análises das percepções desses profissionais abordando desde os aspectos conceituais desta violência até a avaliação de sua própria intervenção, bem como, uma breve avaliação dos serviços que compõe a rede de enfrentamento a violência contra a mulher. Partindo da discussão de gênero inter-relacionando com a teoria crítica dialética, são feitas reflexões sobre preconceitos presentes nas falas e até mesmo tenta-se inferir o quanto esses profissionais – enquanto sujeitos sociais imbuídos de uma totalidade – estão imbricados da influência cultural e histórica do patriarcado. Os passos metodológicos se deram em uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, sob o viés do método crítico-dialético, usando da estratégia da entrevista guiada por questionário semi-estruturado. Sugere-se, portanto, que este serviço é de significativa importância na assistência a mulher vítima de violência, por estar territorializado, sendo capaz de criar vínculo com a comunidade e assim, conseguir trabalhar prevenção, prestar atendimento digno e ser ordenador do cuidado para os demais serviços da rede
SERRA DO SILÊNCIO: VIOLÊNCIA SEXUAL EM MARANGUAPE (CE)
Authors: Muniz Patrícia Emmanuelle Melo e Almeida , Araújo Francimara Carneiro
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as respostas das políticas públicas aos casos de suspeita ou confirmação de abuso sexual infantojuvenil oriundos do distrito Serra do Lagedo, Maranguape – CE. Dessa forma, foi verificado a atuação de equipamentos públicos aos casos de abuso sexual, perpassando por questões relacionadas ao perfil da vítima e do abusador, as circunstâncias da denúncia e os encaminhamentos realizados. Os dados foram coletados por meio da pesquisa documental de acordo com os prontuários. Como considerações finais, apontamos a necessidade de formulação e implantações de um circuito eficaz de atendimento aos vitimizados de abuso sexual no município.
UNIVERSIDADE E CIDADANIA: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O DIREITO SOCIAL À EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Moreira Ana Carolina Gonçalves da Silva Santos , Brisola Elisa Maria Andrade
Published: July 2018

O texto apresenta considerações sobre o desenvolvimento da universidade no Brasil desde a sua criação até o contexto contemporâneo de contrarreformas, relacionando panoramicamente as discussões que perfazem a lógica de implantação, expansão, acesso e permanência no ensino público superior. Trata-se de estudo bibliográfico não sistemático que dialoga com autores de diversos campos do conhecimento, tensionando as dimensões já enunciadas por meio da aproximação dos temas. Destacam-se, dos conteúdos levantados, as expressões de permanências de nossa histórica dependência colonial, assim como a cidadania regulada por políticas fragmentadas e focalizadas nos mais pobres. Ao final deste texto constata-se a necessidade da consolidação de políticas que favoreçam a permanência e a conclusão do curso superior, além da defesa de ensino público, laico e de qualidade para todos.
Nogen må jo tage et ansvar - om samskabelse og samfundsansvar
Authors: Hjort Katrin
Published: July 2018

Begrebet samskabelse har karakter af det store dyr i åbenbaringen, når vi i Danmark i dag diskuterer velfærd i form af sundhed, uddannelse og social sikkerhed. Men hvilke betydninger kan begrebet have? Har vi at gøre med, hvad Ernesto Laclau (1996) kalder en ”flydende betegner” – et begreb, hvis referencer til faktiske fænomener og processer endnu ikke er endeligt fastlagt, og som derfor stadigt giver plads til tovtrækkerier, stridigheder eller kampe mellem forskellige interessenter om definitionsretten. Men man kunne også overveje, om begrebets popularitet kan forstås som en samtidsdiagnose. Et tegn på en tendens til et stadigt mere splittet samfund, hvor sammenhænge og samspil reduceres. Under alle omstændigheder giver begrebet ”samskabelse” anledning til nye overvejelser over forholdet mellem det personlige og det politiske ansvar for det menneskelige liv. Temaerne her vil blive ”Samskabelse” sammen med to andre aktuelle begreber: ” Disruptiv Innovation” og ”Det Antropocæne”. De konkrete eksempler vil bl.a. blive Århus kommunes velfærdsstrategi ”Kærlig Kommune” fra 2016, regeringens Disruptionråd nedsat 2016, problemerne med sundhedsplatformen i Region Hovedstaden 2017 samt jobtræningsindsatsen i Københavns Kommune, som har foranlediget konflikten omkring jobcenteret på Lærkevej 2017.11.04.
Ledelse på tværs. Vi vil gerne – men vi magter det ikke
Authors: Jørgensen Jacob Høj , Digmann Annemette
Published: July 2018

Igennem en årrække har forfatterne gennemført adskillige aktionsforskningsforløb sammen med tværsektorielle ledergrupper, der har behov for at samarbejde på tværs, hvis de skal lykkes med at løse opgaver for borgerne. Det er krævende og komplekst at lede på tværs af fag, afdelinger og sektorer. I denne artikel beskrives vi både nogle af de vanskeligheder, parterne møder og hvordan de i fællesskab overvinder udfordringerne. Afslutningsvis bidrager vi med en række anbefalinger til kommende tværsektorielle samarbejder.
Debatten om den nye performance management – om designproblemer og designløsninger
Authors: Hansen Allan , Nechevska Julijana , Svendsen Katrine Rygaard
Published: July 2018

En bølge af eksempler fra en række globale og højt profilerede virksomheder, der ændrer deres performance management, har i de senest år skabt megen debat om, hvordan performance management processer og systemer bedst designes. I denne artikel ser vi nærmere på feltet performance management, og går på tværs af virksomhedseksemplerne for at søge svar på spørgsmålene om, hvad det er for problemer, der skaber dette behov for forandring, og hvilke løsninger det er, der udpeges? Svarene på disse spørgsmål er interessante af flere grunde. For det første fordi de søger noget mere principielt ved debatten, og dermed en viden om, hvad performance management er, og hvilke forskellige former det kan tage i organisationer. For det andet fordi svarene er et bidrag til at skabe overblik over de mange forskellige dele af performance management, der i øjeblikket udfordres, og de designvalg, der udses som potentielle løsninger.