bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorption and Diffusion of Hydrogen in Carbon Honeycomb
Authors: Qin Qin , Sun Tingwei , Wang Hanxiao , Brault Pascal , An Haojie , Xie Lu , Peng Qing
Published: February 2020

Carbon honeycomb has a nanoporous structure with good mechanical properties including strength. Here we investigate the adsorption and diffusion of hydrogen in carbon honeycomb via grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations and molecular dynamics simulations including strength. Based on the adsorption simulations, molecular dynamics simulations are employed to study the effect of pressure and temperature for the adsorption and diffusion of hydrogen. To study the effect of pressure, we select the 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 bars. Meanwhile, we have studied the hydrogen storage capacities of the carbon honeycomb at 77 K, 153 K, 193 K, 253 K and 298 K. A high hydrogen adsorption of 4.36 wt.% is achieved at 77 K and 20 bars. The excellent mechanical properties of carbon honeycomb and its unique three-dimensional honeycomb microporous structure provide a strong guarantee for its application in practical engineering fields.
Mobility of Cellulose Nanocrystals in Porous Media: Effects of Ionic Strength, Iron Oxides, and Soil Colloids
Authors: Xu Shuang , Shen Chongyang , Zhang Xueyong , Chen Xijuan , Radosevich Mark , Wang Siqun , Zhuang Jie
Published: February 2020

Understanding the dispersivity and migration of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in porous media is important for exploring their potential for soil and water remediation. In this study, a series of saturated column experiments were conducted to investigate the coupled effects of ionic strength, iron oxides (hematite), and soil colloids on the transport of CNCs through quartz sand and natural soils (red earth and brown earth). Results showed that CNCs had high mobility in oxide-free sand and that iron oxide coating reduced the mobility of CNCs. An analysis of Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek interactions indicated that CNCs exhibited a deep primary minimum, nonexistent maximum repulsion and secondary minimum on hematite-coated sand, favorable for the attachment of CNCs. The maximum effluent percentage of CNCs was 96% in natural soils at 5 mM, but this value decreased to 4% at 50 mM. Soil colloids facilitated the transport of CNCs in brown earth with larger effect at higher ionic strength. The ionic strength effect was larger in natural soils than sand and in red earth than brown earth. The study showed that CNCs can travel 0.2 m to 72 m in porous media, depending on soil properties, solution chemistry, and soil colloids.
Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation During Pregnancy on Maternal, Birth, Child Health and Development Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Oh Christina , Keats Emily , Bhutta Zulfiqar
Published: February 2020

Almost two billion people are deficient in key vitamins and minerals, mostly women and children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Deficiencies worsen during pregnancy due to increased energy and nutritional demands, causing adverse outcomes in mother and child, but could be mitigated by interventions like micronutrient supplementation. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that aimed to compile evidence from both efficacy and effectiveness trials, evaluating different supplementation interventions on maternal, birth, child health, and developmental outcomes. We evaluated randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies published since 1995 in peer-reviewed and grey literature that assessed the effects of calcium, vitamin A, iron, vitamin D, and zinc supplementation compared to placebo/no treatment; iron-folic (IFA) supplementation compared to folic acid only; multiple micronutrient (MMN) supplementation compared to IFA; and lipid-based nutrient supplementation (LNS) compared to MMN supplementation. Seventy-two studies, which collectively involved 314 papers (451,723 women), were included. Meta-analyses showed improvement in several key birth outcomes, such as preterm birth, small-for-gestational age (SGA) and low birthweight with MMN supplementation, compared to IFA. MMN also improved child outcomes, including diarrhea incidence and retinol concentration, which are findings not previously reported. Across all comparisons, micronutrient supplementation had little to no effect on mortality (maternal, neonatal, perinatal, and infant) outcomes, which is consistent with other systematic reviews. IFA supplementation showed notable improvement in maternal anemia and the reduction in low birthweight, whereas LNS supplementation had no apparent effect on outcomes; further research that compares LNS and MMN supplementation could help understand differences with these commodities. For single micronutrient supplementation, improvements were noted in only a few outcomes, mainly pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (calcium), maternal anemia (iron), preterm births (vitamin D), and maternal serum zinc concentration (zinc). These findings highlight that micronutrient-specific supplementation should be tailored to specific groups or needs for maximum benefit. In addition, they further contribute to the ongoing discourse of choosing antenatal MMN over IFA as the standard of care in LMICs.
A Probiotic Preparation Hydrolyzes Gliadin and Protects Intestinal Cells from the Toxicity of Pro-Inflammatory Peptides
Authors: Giorgi Alessandra , Cerrone Rugiada , Capobianco Daniela , Filardo Simone , Mancini Patrizia , Zanni Flavia , Fanelli Sergio , Mastromarino Paola , Mosca Luciana
Published: February 2020

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy caused by an intolerance to gluten proteins. It has been hypothesized that probiotic bacteria may exert beneficial effects by modulating inflammatory processes and by sustaining peptide hydrolysis at the intestinal level. This study aims at evaluating the capacity of a probiotic mixture (two different strains of lactobacilli and three of bifidobacteria) to hydrolyze gluten peptides following simulated gastrointestinal digestion of gliadin (PT-gliadin). The capacity of bacterial hydrolysates to counteract the toxic effects of gliadin-derived peptides in Caco-2 cells was also assessed. The protein and peptide mixtures, untreated or proteolyzed with the probiotic preparation, were analyzed before and after each proteolytic step with different techniques (SDS-PAGE, reverse phase HPLC, filtration on different molecular cut-off membranes). These experiments demonstrated that PT-gliadin can be further digested by bacteria into lower molecular weight peptides. PT-gliadin, untreated or digested with the probiotics, was then used to evaluate oxidative stress, IL-6 cytokine production and expression of tight junctions’ proteins—such as occludin and zonulin—in Caco-2 cells. PT-gliadin induced IL-6 production and modulation and redistribution of zonulin and occludin, while digestion with the probiotic strains reversed these effects. Our data indicate that this probiotic mixture may exert a protective role in CD.
Modulation of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage, Inflammation, and Oxidative Markers by Curcumin Supplementation in a Physically Active Population: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fernández-Lázaro Diego , Mielgo-Ayuso Juan , Seco Calvo Jesús , Córdova Martínez Alfredo , Caballero García Alberto , Fernandez-Lazaro Cesar
Published: February 2020

Physical activity, particularly high-intensity eccentric muscle contractions, produces exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). The breakdown of muscle fibers and the consequent inflammatory responses derived from EIMD affect exercise performance. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol extracted from turmeric, has been shown to have mainly antioxidant and also anti-inflammatory properties. This effect of curcumin could improve EIMD and exercise performance. The main objective of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the effectiveness of curcumin supplementation on EIMD and inflammatory and oxidative markers in a physically active population. A structured search was carried out following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in the databases SCOPUS, Web of Science (WOS), and Medline (PubMed) from inception to October 2019. The search included original articles with randomized controlled crossover or parallel design in which the intake of curcumin administered before and/or after exercise was compared with an identical placebo situation. No filters were applied to the type of physical exercise performed, the sex or the age of the participants. Of the 301 articles identified in the search, 11 met the established criteria and were included in this systematic review. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the McMaster Critical Review Form. The use of curcumin reduces the subjective perception of the intensity of muscle pain; reduces muscle damage through the decrease of creatine kinase (CK); increases muscle performance; has an anti-inflammatory effect by modulating the pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8; and may have a slight antioxidant effect. In summary, the administration of curcumin at a dose between 150–1500 mg/day before and during exercise, and up until 72 h’ post-exercise, improved performance by reducing EIMD and modulating the inflammation caused by physical activity. In addition, humans appear to be able to tolerate high doses of curcumin without significant side-effects.
Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids Modulate Pain Behaviour in Trauma-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats
Authors: Sekar Sunderajhan , Panchal Sunil K , Ghattamaneni Naga KR , Brown Lindsay , Crawford Ross , Xiao Yin , Prasadam Indira
Published: February 2020

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative condition of joints, causing pain and swelling, and can be caused or worsened by trauma and obesity. The objectives of this study were to determine whether pain behaviour and progression of OA were increased in rats with trauma-induced OA fed dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA). Male Wistar rats were fed either a corn starch diet (C) or high-carbohydrate high-fat diet (H) with either 20% beef tallow or SFA (lauric (HLA), myristic (HMA), palmitic (HPA) or stearic (HSA) acids) for 16 weeks prior to and 8 weeks after excision of the medial meniscus of right knee joint to initiate OA when pain behaviour, glial activity, progression of knee OA, inflammatory mediators and signs of metabolic syndrome were assessed. Rats fed beef tallow, palmitic or stearic acids showed increased pain symptoms characterised by decreased hind paw/limb withdrawal thresholds and grip strengths and increased spinal astrogliosis and microgliosis compared to rats fed lauric or myristic acids. However, the severity of OA joint damage was unchanged by these dietary manipulations. We conclude that pain symptoms of trauma-induced OA in rats worsen with increased dietary beef tallow or palmitic or stearic acids, but improve with lauric or myristic acids, despite unchanged OA cartilage damage.
Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibition Does Not Favorably Modify the Physiological Responses to Dietary Counselling in Diabetes-Free, Sedentary Overweight and Obese Adult Humans
Authors: Ryan Shane P.P. , Newman Alissa A. , Wilburn Jessie R. , Rhoades Lauren D. , Trikha S. Raj J. , Godwin Ellen C. , Schoenberg Hayden M. , Battson Micah L. , Ewell Taylor R. , Luckasen Gary J. , Biela Laurie M. , Melby Christopher L. , Bell Christopher
Published: February 2020

Sedentary obesity is associated with increased risk of many cardio-metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. Weight loss is therefore a desirable goal for sedentary adults with obesity. Weight loss is also a well-documented side effect of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition, a pharmaceutical strategy for diabetes treatment. We hypothesized that, compared with placebo, SGLT2 inhibition as an adjunct to out-patient dietary counselling for weight loss would lead to more favorable modification of body mass and composition, and greater improvement in glucose regulation and lipid profile. Using a randomized, double-blind, repeated measures parallel design, 50 sedentary men and women (body mass index: 33.4 ± 4.7 kg/m2; mean ± SD) were assigned to 12 weeks of dietary counselling, supplemented with daily ingestion of either a placebo or SGLT2 inhibitor (dapagliflozin: up to 10 mg/day). Dietary counselling favorably modified body mass, body fat, glucose regulation, and fasting concentrations of triglyceride and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (main effects of counselling: p < 0.05); SGLT2 inhibition did not influence any of these adaptations (counselling × medication interactions: p > 0.05). However, SGLT2 inhibition when combined with dietary counselling led to greater loss of fat-free mass (counselling × medication interaction: p = 0.047) and attenuated the rise in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (counselling × medication interaction: p = 0.028). In light of these data and the health implications of decreased fat-free mass, we recommend careful consideration before implementing SGLT2 inhibition as an adjunct to dietary counselling for weight loss in sedentary adults with obesity.
Nutrition Policy and Individual Struggle to Eat Healthily: The Question of Public Support
Authors: Jürkenbeck Kristin , Zühlsdorf Anke , Spiller Achim
Published: February 2020

The evidence for the effectiveness of nutrition policy interventions is growing. For the implementation of such interventions, social acceptability is crucial. Therefore, this study provides insight into public support for nutrition policy measures such as labelling and taxation. Further it analyses the level of acceptance in a quantitative segmentation approach. A new element to our approach is the comparison of different policy instruments, focusing on the interaction between policy acceptance and the perceived individual struggle to eat healthily. The survey was conducted in November 2017 and a total of 1035 German consumers are included in the data. The results indicate that the majority of German citizens accept nutrition policy interventions. Based on a cluster analysis, five different target groups according to the general acceptance of policy interventions and their own struggle to eat healthily are derived. The five-cluster solution reveals that both consumers who tend to eat a healthy diet as well as those who have problems with their diet support nutritional interventions. This shows that the perceived own struggle to eat healthily does not predict whether consumers accept nutrition policy interventions.
The Healthy Cooking Index does not Predict the Carotenoid Content of Home-Cooked Meals
Authors: Raber Margaret , Basen-Engquist Karen , Moran Nancy E. , Chandra Joya
Published: February 2020

Home cooking programs are an increasingly popular approach to nutrition education and have the potential to promote diet quality among pediatric cancer survivors. A cornerstone of many programs is the use of fresh fruits and vegetables, which may support increased intake of many food components, including carotenoids, to improve survivor health. However, most dietary carotenoids in the United States currently come from processed vegetables, and it is unclear if the emphasis on fresh fruits and vegetables common in cooking education programs is associated with the total carotenoid content of meals. The objective of this analysis is to examine the relationship between fresh produce usage, practices commonly taught in healthy home cooking classes, and the carotenoid content of prepared meals among 40 parents with school-aged children. This is a secondary analysis of an observational study examining the quality of home cooking practices using an evidence-based index of behaviors, the Healthy Cooking Index (HCI). Nutrition-optimizing cooking practices, as quantified by the HCI, were not associated with the carotenoid content of meals (r = −0.24, p = 0.13). Further, total fruit and vegetable content of meals was not associated with total carotenoids (r = 0.14; p = 0.38), indicating heterogeneity in the carotenoid profiles of foods used by this population. High-carotenoid meals tended to use more canned and/or frozen tomato and vegetable products, and carotenoid content was associated with meals with sugar (r = 0.32; p = 0.04), and servings of refined grains (r = 0.49; p < 0.01). Our findings indicate an opportunity to educate pediatric cancer survivors and families on the incorporation of high-carotenoid food products while reducing refined grain and sweetener intake through a tailored home cooking intervention.
Over-The-Counter Availability of Levonorgestrel Emergency Contraception in Pharmacies on Oahu
Authors: Chin Jennifer , Salcedo Jennifer , Raidoo Shandhini
Published: February 2020

Since the United States Food and Drug Administration’s approval of over-the-counter levonorgestrel emergency contraception, access to this time-sensitive medication has improved. However, multiple barriers, including the cost of the medication and pharmacy availability, still exist. The objective of this study was to determine the over-the-counter availability of levonorgestrel emergency contraception in pharmacies on Oahu, Hawaii. We conducted a cross-sectional population-based study using in-person simulated patient encounters at all pharmacies on Oahu. Out of 109 chain pharmacies and 13 independent pharmacies, 102 (84%) pharmacies had levonorgestrel emergency contraception available over the counter. Of pharmacies in which it was available, 12.7% required an employee to unlock the medication, 37.3% required the medication to be unlocked at the register, 29.4% were packaged in a large plastic box, and 3.9% were packaged in a blister pack. Levonorgestrel emergency contraception is widely available as an over-the-counter medication in pharmacies on Oahu, yet there are packaging and display practices that make it less accessible. Many of these practices could be improved with pharmacy education or changes in store policies. Systems-based interventions are needed to improve the access to levonorgestrel emergency contraception as an over-the-counter medication.
Adaptive Expertise in Continuing Pharmacy Professional Development
Authors: Steenhof Naomi
Published: February 2020

Pharmacists are facing rapid changes and increasing complexity in the workplace. The astounding rate of both the evolution and the development of knowledge in pharmacy practice requires that we develop continuing professional development (CPD) to foster and support innovation, creativity, and flexibility, alongside procedural expertise. Adaptive expertise provides a conceptual framework for developing experts who can both perform professional tasks efficiently as well as creatively handle new and difficult-to-anticipate problems. This article approaches knowledge production in daily pharmacy practice and CPD through a cognitive psychology lens, and highlights three educational approaches to support the development of adaptive expertise in the workplace: (1) explaining not just what to do, but why you are doing it, (2) allowing and encouraging struggle, and (3) asking “what if” questions to encourage meaningful variation and reveal underlying core concepts. These three evidence-based strategies will cultivate long-term learning and will support pharmacists as we move into more complicated and ambiguous roles. Pharmacy CPD can be transformed to support the development of both procedural and conceptual knowledge in a local environment to support learning and innovation.
The Dodo and the Red Hen, A Saga of Extinction, Misunderstanding, and Name Transfer: A Review
Authors: Cheke Anthony S. , Parish Jolyon C.
Published: February 2020

The chronology of observations of two extinct flightless birds in 17th century Mauritius, the dodo (Raphus cucullatus) and the red hen (Aphanapteryx bonasia), and what names or descriptions were used for them, is re-examined. It was concluded that the balance of probabilities is strongly against birds called dodaarsen without descriptions in the 1680s being dodos rather than red hens. The dodo had disappeared earlier due to predation by pigs, but a hiatus in settlement broke observational continuity, yet folklore preserved the name and transferred it to the red hen. The dodo’s extinction thus happened unobserved.
Religion and the Limits of Metatheatre in Our Town and Sunday in the Park with George
Authors: Bouchard Larry
Published: February 2020

This essay explores theatrical drama alongside aspects of religious dimensionality David Tracy analyzes in terms of limit experience, limit language, and limit questions. The claim is that metatheatrical forms can correlate with limit dimensions, a correlation which may prove as pertinent as ritual for linking drama with religious experience, thought, and practice. Here, metatheatre and limit dimensions are further defined in respect to Thornton Wilder’s 1938 play, Our Town, and Stephen Sondheim and James Lapine’s 1984 musical, Sunday in the Park with George. The essay identifies distinct though often overlapping forms of metatheatre: plays or performances that (1) explicitly refer to themselves, or (2) represent theatrical or theatre-like works within their stories and expressed worlds (e.g., plays within plays), or (3) dramatize theatre-like and performative aspects of ordinary life. Just as Wilder foregrounds metatheatrical relations to create an impression of the eternal, Sondheim and his collaborators reflect on their work’s ontological conditions of possibility by bringing to life another work, a painting, at distantly separated moments in time. Our Town and Sunday in the Park invite us to enter social and ritualized spaces inhabited by commonplace yet archetypal persons; they culminate in moments where the audience is to discern past, present, and future in simultaneous proximity; and with their different contents and forms, they prove good plays for elaborating relations among theatre, limit experience, and religious dimensionality.
Testing the Effectiveness of a Mixed-Method Pilot Intervention in Reducing Risky Driving Due to Aggression and Stress
Authors: Papadakaki Maria , Stamou Nikolaos , Bessas Stefanos , Lioliou Stavroula , Chliaoutakis Jooannes
Published: February 2020

The study aimed at testing the effectiveness of a mixed-method pilot intervention in reducing risky self-reported driving performance, upon addressing stress and aggression while driving. The study recruited individuals who had performed these behaviors during the year preceding the study and allocated them into an intervention (n = 10) and a control group (n = 30). A pre-and postintervention evaluation design was employed to explore changes in risky self-reported driving behaviors, 12 months after the intervention. The intervention involved 2 h of experiential instruction and 1 h of cognitive restructuring using a driving simulator and scenarios appropriate for the processing of driving stress, aggression, and risk. The intervention group displayed significant improvements in the scales of “Hazard Monitoring” (p = 0.037) and “Covered Violations” (p = 0.049) at the postintervention level. No statistically significant differences were identified in terms of self-reported driving performance between the intervention and the control group at postintervention level. Launching large-scale experimental surveys with broadened cognitive restructuring approaches seems important to deepen our understanding of the behavioral change processes and increase the effectiveness of future interventions.
RETRACTED: Stein et al. The Effects of Acute Caffeine Supplementation on Performance in Trained CrossFit Athletes. Sports 2019, 7, 95
Authors: Stein Jesse , Ramirez Melitza , Heinrich Katie
Published: February 2020

All authors of the published article [...]
Current Trends in Diagnostics of Viral Infections of Unknown Etiology
Authors: Kiselev Daniel , Matsvay Alina , Abramov Ivan , Dedkov Vladimir , Shipulin German , Khafizov Kamil
Published: February 2020

Viruses are evolving at an alarming rate, spreading and inconspicuously adapting to cutting-edge therapies. Therefore, the search for rapid, informative and reliable diagnostic methods is becoming urgent as ever. Conventional clinical tests (PCR, serology, etc.) are being continually optimized, yet provide very limited data. Could high throughput sequencing (HTS) become the future gold standard in molecular diagnostics of viral infections? Compared to conventional clinical tests, HTS is universal and more precise at profiling pathogens. Nevertheless, it has not yet been widely accepted as a diagnostic tool, owing primarily to its high cost and the complexity of sample preparation and data analysis. Those obstacles must be tackled to integrate HTS into daily clinical practice. For this, three objectives are to be achieved: (1) designing and assessing universal protocols for library preparation, (2) assembling purpose-specific pipelines, and (3) building computational infrastructure to suit the needs and financial abilities of modern healthcare centers. Data harvested with HTS could not only augment diagnostics and help to choose the correct therapy, but also facilitate research in epidemiology, genetics and virology. This information, in turn, could significantly aid clinicians in battling viral infections.
Plant Molecular Responses to Potato Virus Y: A Continuum of Outcomes from Sensitivity and Tolerance to Resistance
Authors: Baebler Špela , Coll Anna , Gruden Kristina
Published: February 2020

Potato virus Y (PVY) is the most economically important virus affecting potato production. PVY manipulates the plant cell machinery in order to successfully complete the infecting cycle. On the other side, the plant activates a sophisticated multilayer immune defense response to combat viral infection. The balance between these mechanisms, depending on the plant genotype and environment, results in a specific outcome that can be resistance, sensitivity, or tolerance. In this review, we summarize and compare the current knowledge on molecular events, leading to different phenotypic outcomes in response to PVY and try to link them with the known molecular mechanisms.
Isolation of PCV3 from Perinatal and Reproductive Cases of PCV3-Associated Disease and In Vivo Characterization of PCV3 Replication in CD/CD Growing Pigs
Authors: Mora-Díaz Juan , Piñeyro Pablo , Shen Huigang , Schwartz Kent , Vannucci Fabio , Li Ganwu , Arruda Bailey , Giménez-Lirola Luis
Published: February 2020

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) has been identified as a putative swine pathogen with a subset of infections resulting in stillborn and mummified fetuses, encephalitis and myocarditis in perinatal, and periarteritis in growing pigs. Three PCV3 isolates were isolated from weak-born piglets or elevated stillborn and mummified fetuses. Full-length genome sequences from different passages and isolates (PCV3a1 ISU27734, PCV3a2 ISU58312, PCV3c ISU44806) were determined using metagenomics sequencing. Virus production in cell culture was confirmed by qPCR, IFA, and in situ hybridization. In vivo replication of PCV3 was also demonstrated in CD/CD pigs (n = 8) under experimental conditions. Viremia, first detected at 7 dpi, was detected in all pigs by 28 dpi. IgM antibody response was detected between 7–14 dpi in 5/8 PCV3-inoculated pigs but no IgG seroconversion was detected throughout the study. Pigs presented histological lesion consistent with multi systemic inflammation characterized by myocarditis and systemic perivasculitis. Viral replication was confirmed in all tissues by in situ hybridization. Clinically, all animals were unremarkable throughout the study. Although the clinical relevance of PCV3 remains under debate, this is the first isolation of PCV3 from perinatal and reproductive cases of PCV3-associated disease and in vivo characterization of PCV3 infection in a CD/CD pig model.
Quality Assessment of Virus-Like Particles at Single Particle Level: A Comparative Study
Authors: González-Domínguez Irene , Puente-Massaguer Eduard , Cervera Laura , Gòdia Francesc
Published: February 2020

Virus-like particles (VLPs) have emerged as a powerful scaffold for antigen presentation and delivery strategies. Compared to single protein-based therapeutics, quality assessment requires a higher degree of refinement due to the structure of VLPs and their similar properties to extracellular vesicles (EVs). Advances in the field of nanotechnology with single particle and high-resolution analysis techniques provide appealing approaches to VLP characterization. In this study, six different biophysical methods have been assessed for the characterization of HIV-1-based VLPs produced in mammalian and insect cell platforms. Sample preparation and equipment set-up were optimized for the six strategies evaluated. Electron Microscopy (EM) disclosed the presence of several types of EVs within VLP preparations and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) resulted in the best technique to resolve the VLP ultrastructure. The use of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and flow virometry enabled the high throughput quantification of VLPs. Interestingly, differences in the determination of nanoparticle concentration were observed between techniques. Moreover, NTA and flow virometry allowed the quantification of both EVs and VLPs within the same experiment while analyzing particle size distribution (PSD), simultaneously. These results provide new insights into the use of different analytical tools to monitor the production of nanoparticle-based biologicals and their associated contaminants.
Analytical Performance of the RIDASCREEN® Hantavirus Puumala IgG/IgM ELISA Assay
Authors: Depypere Melissa , Lagrou Katrien , Van Esbroeck Marjan , Houben Els , Van Ranst Marc
Published: February 2020

The National Reference Center for Hantavirus in Belgium is currently using the Hantavirus IgM/IgG ELISA Progen kit (Heidelberg, Germany) for the detection of the most prevalent Hantavirus in Western Europe, Puumala virus (PUUV). Two commercially available PUUV kits were compared: Progen and RIDASCREEN® Hantavirus Puumala IgM/IgG ELISA assay (Darmstadt, Germany). Methods: The sensitivity was evaluated with a panel of 68 samples from patients with an acute infection (n = 44) or a past infection (n = 24). Specificity was evaluated with a panel of 62 samples from patients with potentially false borderline results (n = 7) (no seroconversion), seronegative samples (n = 25) and potentially cross reacting samples (n = 30). Discordances were resolved by immunoblot. Substantial agreement was calculated using Cohen kappa coefficient. Results: The RIDASCREEN® kit showed a higher specificity (IgM: 94.3%; IgG: 94.4%) than the Progen kit (IgM: 77.0% IgG: 93.0%). The sensitivity for IgM ELISA was 100% for both assays. IgG sensitivity was, respectively, 98.3% and 100% for Progen and RIDASCREEN®. A Cohen kappa coefficient of 0.76 and 0.90 was found between Puumala IgM and IgG, respectively. Conclusions: This study showed a higher specificity for the RIDASCREEN® kit than the Progen kit, while the sensitivity was as good as for the Progen kit.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL ADOPSI TEKNOLOGI E-VOTING
Authors: Abdilah Rahmad , Rahardjo Budi , Govindaraju Rajesri
Published: February 2020

Electronic voting atau e-voting adalah suatumetode pengalihan pemilihan dari manual menjadilebih terkoordinir. Hal ini dilakukan dengankombinasi dari hardware dan software. Pemilih akanberpartisipasi di dalam e-voting dengan syaratmereka tidak akan ditipu. Pemilih ingin mengetahuidan percaya bahwa proses tersebut dapat di pantauoleh masyarakat yang memiliki kemampuan untukmemahami bagaimana sistem dapat bekerja.Model penelitian yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini dikembangkan berdasarkanpenelitian Tsuma dan analisis structural equationmodeling untuk menentukan bentuk model. Bentukmodel diuji dengan 19 pengujian yaitu Chi-squareatau p-value, GFI (Goodness of Fit Index), RMR(Root Mean Square Residual), RMSEA (Root MeanSquare Error of Approximation) ECVI (ExpectedCross-Validation Index), TLI/NNFI (Non-NormedFit Index), NFI (Normed Fit Index), PNFI(Parsimony Normed Fit Index), AGFI (AdjustedGoodness of Fit Index), RFI (Relative Fit Index),CFI (Comparative Fit Index), AIC, CAIC, CN(Critical N), IFI(Incremental Fit Index),PGFI(Parsimony Goodness of Fit Index), NCP(Non-centrality Parameter), CMIN/Df dan SRMR(Standardized RMR).Kata kunci : e-voting, model dan structuralequation modeling.
SISTEM EVALUASI PENYELENGGARAAN PELATIHAN MENGGUNAKAN SERVQUAL
Authors: Larasati Ratih , Harihayati Tati
Published: February 2020

Suatu perusahaan biasanya mengadakan pelatihanuntuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan kompetensipara pegawainya. Setiap Pelatihan yang telahdiselenggarakan menghasilkan penilaian yang padaakhirnya akan dievaluasi untuk memutuskan apakahkegiatan pelatihan akan dilanjutkan atau tidak, ataubagaimana mengembangkan kegiatan pelatihan dimasa yang akan datang.Sistem evaluasi penyelenggaraan pelatihan memilikibanyak model dan metode yang digunakan, salahsatunya penilaian kualitas pelatihan berdasarkanmetode Service Quality (ServQual). MetodeServQual merupakan suatu metode yangmenganalisis kualitas suatu pelayanan berdasarkanlima dimensi yaitu bukti langsung, keandalan, dayatanggap, jaminan dan empati.Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, maka dapat diperolehkesimpulan sistem yang dibangun dapat membantupihak penyelenggara pelatihan dalam membuatlangkah-langkah perbaikan dan penentuan keputusankegiatan pelatihan yang diperlukan, dan membantumerencanakan kegiatan pelatihan selanjutnya.Kata kunci : Sistem, Evaluasi, Penilaian, Pelatihan,ServQual.
REPRESENTASI EMOSI MENGGUNAKAN LOGIKA FUZZY PADA PERMAINAN BONNY’S TOOTH BOOT
Authors: Hasanah Septiani Nur , Widiastuti Nelly Indriani
Published: February 2020

Berdasarkan penelitian studi literatur dari jurnal yang berjudul ‘Aplikasi Permainan Cat-Pet dengan Metode Logika Fuzzy’[1], menyorot dari kekurangan yang terdapat pada jurnal tersebut yaitu, karakter pet belum dapat menghasilkan emosi sebagai representasi kondisi karakter pet-nya. Hal ini penting, karena respon emosi merupakan bentuk interaksi secara tidak langsung dari agent pet dengan pengguna yang harus ditampilkan.[3] Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan aturan-aturan dari konsep fuzzy pada objek yang diteliti dengan menambahkan parameter perilaku kesehatan, selanjutnya menformulasi dari kondisi nafsu makan dan kesehatan sebagai variabel input fuzzy, kemudian akhirnya dapat menghasilkan output respon emosi melalui ekspresi wajah pada karakter pet. Implementasi logika fuzzy tersebut diterapkan pada konsep permainan virtual pet dengan misi permainan menjaga kebersihan gigi pada permainan Bonny’s Tooth Booth. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian simulasi yang telah dilakukan dengan cara menguji struktur aturan-aturan fuzzy berupa IF A AND B THEN Z terhadap kondisi input yang diberikan, permainan Bonny’s Tooth Booth dapat berjalan dengan baik, dengan hasil keberhasilan yaitu ketepatan output sesuai dengan yang diharapkan dimana karakter virtual pet dapat menghasilkan kesesuaian respon emosional berupa ekspresi pada wajah berdasarkan perancangan aturan fuzzy dari variabel nafsu makan, dan kesehatan.
LEARNING BAYESIAN NETWORK PADA GAME SPORT PINGPONG
Authors: Nurhalim Putra Prama Azaria , Widiastuti Nelly Indriani
Published: February 2020

Game pingpong adalah salah satu game yang membutuhkan Non-Playable Character atau NPC. NPC yang menjadi musuh dalam permainan pingpong harus dapat memodelkan seorang pemain pingpong yang menerima dan melakukan serangan terhadap seorang player dengan tingkat akurasi atau kesesuaian arah pukulan yang sesuai dengan player. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka dibutuhkan sebuah metode untuk NPC agar dapat menentukan behaviour sehingga NPC menjadi lebih baik dengan akurasi serangan yang baik. Bayesian Network merupakan salah satu kecerdasan buatan yang digunakan untuk mengatasi hal – hal yang bersifat tidak pasti atau uncertainty. setiap node yang ada pada sebuah graph yang merepresentasikan sebuah random variable (variabel acak) , sedangkan edges (garis yang menghubungkan antar node) yang berada diantara node – node merepresentasikan probilitas dependensi antara kesesuaian variabel – variabel acak[1]. Hasil pengujian implementasi pada game pingpong penggunaan Bayesian Network pada permainan pingpong terbukti efektif membuat NPC memiliki tingkat akurasi pukulan yang tinggi.
KEAMANAN HTTP DAN HTTPS BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM OPERASI KALI LINUX
Authors: Zabar Adzan Abdul , Novianto Fahmi
Published: February 2020

Pada awal perkembangannya jaringan komputer hanya digunakan untuk pengiriman e-mail antar perguruan tinggi untuk keperluan riset dan untuk berbagi penggunaan printer dalam suatu perusahaan. Untuk memenuhi tujuan tersebut, aspek keamanan jaringan pada saat itu tidak mendapat perhatian penting. Seiring dengan perkembangan, jaringan komputer telah digunakan sejak lama untuk hal-hal yang lebih kompleks seperti untuk perbankan, untuk perdagangan dan masih banyak lainnya. Dan semua itu menggunakan media Internet. Aspek keamanan dalam komunikasi melalui jaringan komputer menjadi semakin penting terutama karena banyaknya aktivitas pertukaran informasi rahasia melalui Internet. Untuk menghindari penyadapan atau tindak kejahatan lainnya, maka dibuatlah jurnal ini untuk membahas perbandingan keamanan antar HTTP dan HTTPS.
ANALISIS IS/IT STRATEGIK CAFE X
Authors: Susanto Rani
Published: February 2020

Cafe X adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang jual beli makanan dan minuman yang didirikan pada tanggal 26 September 2006. Selama ini cafe x memiliki permasalahan dalam hal stok bahan baku. Pihak cafe merasa kesulitan dalam memprediksi stok bahan baku yang ada dengan baik sehingga pada pelaksanaannya sering terjadi bahan baku yang ada lebih sering habis padahal masih terdapat pesanan. Permasalahan ini bertambah ketika cabang lain pun mengalami kehabisan stok dan terjadi saling meminjam bahan baku yang mengakibatkan stok bahan baku utama cafe ini menjadi tidak terkontrol dengan baik. Permasalahan ini juga mengakibatkan profibilitas dan reputasi dari cafe ini menurun dan memungkinkan pihak cafe akan mengalami kerugian. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan sebuah analisis IS/IT strategik untuk pihak cafe x sehingga dapat mempermudah perusahaan dalam merancang sebuah strategi yang baik untuk meningkatkan profibilitas dan reputasi cafe ini. Strategi Sistem Informasi menjadi cara yang tepat karena dengan penggunaan teknologi, semua permasalahan yang terjadi khususnya dalam hal bahan baku akan terselesaikan dengan baik. Untuk itu perlu dirancang strategi plan berikut dengan Master Plan untuk cafe ini agar cafe X dapat mencapai keunggulan yang kompetitif. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi sebuah Sistem Informasi Monitoring Bahan baku yang didalamnya terdapat proses peramalan yang sudah mendukung proses bisnis yang sedang berjalan di Cafe X.
PISA 2006: la influencia del género en los conocimientos y competencias científicas
Authors: Inda-Caro Mercedes , Rodríguez-Menéndez Carmen , Peña-Calvo Vicente
Published: February 2020

Las diferencias entre chicos y chicas en el rendimiento académico de las tres áreas principales, matemáticas, lectura y ciencias han sufrido algunos cambios en los últimos años. El objetivo de este artículo ha sido analizar los resultados de PISA 2006 (Programme for International Student Assessment), para, principalmente, determinar las diferencias de género en la competencia científica, matemática y lectora. Para el análisis de los datos se ha empleado el capítulo 2 (Perfil del estudiante sobre su rendimiento en ciencias) y el capítulo 6 (Perfil del estudiante en el rendimiento en lectura y matemáticas) del informe PISA 2006. Los resultados muestran que las mujeres destacan en los componentes de la competencia científica: identificar cuestiones científicas (análisis de la realidad) y utilizar evidencia científica (generalización de la evidencia científica). Mientras, los varones han destacado en el componente explicar fenómenos científicamente (aplicación de conocimiento). En competencia lectora las mujeres han logrado un rendimiento claramente superior a los varones, mientras que estos han conseguido un promedio superior a las mujeres en la competencia matemática. Se ha profundizado en la relación género-competencias en cada una de las Comunidades Autónomas que participaron en el informe PISA 2006 (OECD, 2007).
Tecnologías de la información y comunicación en el sistema escolar chileno, aproximación a sus logros y proyecciones
Authors: Rival Oyarzún Héctor
Published: February 2020

Se revisan las formas en que la política educativa chilena ha impulsado, desde comienzos de los años noventa, un componente estratégico de su reforma educacional, las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC), en la educación formal. Las que se insertan bajo dos premisas: el mejoramiento de la equidad, al reducir la brecha de acceso a la información en las escuelas; y el mejoramiento de la calidad educacional.Se describe y analiza desde su origen la integración de las TIC en el sistema escolar. Diversos informes evalúan logros y limitaciones; cobertura y crecimiento; tanto inversiones, como distribución de recursos en el sector subvencionado, hasta el estado actual. La prospectiva, aspira a fortalecer la presencia de las TIC en el sistema escolar. Paralelamente, surge el Centro de Educación y Tecnología de Chile, con una agenda referida: a políticas en el área; acceso y uso de TIC; recursos digitales coherentes con los usos curriculares; disponibilidad de infraestructura TIC; y entrega de servicios de formación en uso de TIC.Finalmente, las conclusiones, junto con valorar los realizado, plantean la carencia de investigación en torno al rendimiento académico y uso de TIC, dado que no es la inversión en sí la que produce mejores aprendizajes; se echa de menos una mayor vinculación con el currículo escolar; y, se coloca en el tapete, la constatación de la brecha generacional entre profesores experimentados y sus propios alumnos con amplio manejo informático (net generation).
Uma experiência com estudantes em situação de monitoria de informática: protagonismo e perspectivas de metacognição
Authors: Castilho Razera Júlio César
Published: February 2020

O artigo apresenta resultados de uma experiência com estudantes em situação de monitoria de informática, que ocorreu em escolas públicas estaduais no interior de São Paulo, Brasil. O processo foi acompanhado presencial e virtualmente por assistentes técnicos pedagógicos, pesquisadores e estagiários de um curso de Ciência da Computação, que coletaram dados por intermédio de relatórios técnicos, questionários, entrevistas e informações eventuais apresentadas em mensagens eletrônicas (e-mail, chat). Apesar de alguns entraves no percurso, a experiência vivenciada mostrou-se favorável não apenas à crescente utilização dos recursos tecnológicos disponíveis nas escolas, mas especialmente em aspectos inerentes aos processos de aprendizagem dos alunos monitores nas situações de ensino que assumiram, orientando-se para uma perspectiva de metacognição.
[Reseña] Claves para una enseñanza artísticocreativa: la dramatización
Authors: Ibáñez Quintana Jaime
Published: February 2020

Amando López Valero, Isabel Jerez Martínez y Eduardo Encabo Fernández.Claves para una enseñanza artísticocreativa: la dramatización. Barcelona:Ediciones Octaedro, 2009, 174 págs. ISBN: 978-84-8063-914-9.
Desigualdad persistente, un reto para la universidad pública: el papel de la motivación en las trayectorias formativas de los estudiantes de modalidad a distancia
Authors: Garmendia Emilia , Cozzi Paula , Senge Mariela
Published: February 2020

El artículo pretende comunicar resultados provisorios de investigación y de prácticas de enseñanza con modalidad a distancia, realizadas por un grupo de docentes integrantes del proyecto de investigación “Análisis e indagación de la vinculación entre los componentes teórico-empíricos de la educación a distancia y la motivación de los estudiantes de cursos y carreras de la modalidad”. En el trabajo se explicita la complejidad del fenómeno motivacional; la interdependencia de los procesos motivacionales, cognitivos, emotivos; la percepción de los sujetos de sus derechos, accesos y oportunidades; la influencia de factores socioculturales, económicos y medioambientales, como también de las trayectorias de vida, escolar y laboral. También se afirma, siguiendo trabajos anteriores, que una comprensión mejorada de los procesos organizacionales que generan desigualdad en los estudios universitarios desvelaría, y en consecuencia ampliaría, los posibles puntos y medios de intervención educativa. La indagación se realiza desde un enfoque cualitativo-hermenéutico, que permite interpretar las construcciones de sentido que estructuran las prácticas sociales desde la motivación de los estudiantes de la modalidad de educación a distancia. A partir del análisis e interpretación de datos provenientes de las entrevistas en profundidad, análisis de documentos y testimonios se describen las significaciones halladas desde un enfoque psicológico, situacional y estructural.
Consideraciones sobre las imágenes mediáticas en la educación artística: un referente para la educomunicación
Authors: Marcellán Baraze Idoia
Published: February 2020

En los últimos tiempos, la educación artística se está transformando considerablemente a partir de una nueva epistemología que, en el ámbito de las ciencias humanas y sociales, dio lugar a la aparición de los estudios culturales, los estudios visuales y de cultura visual o la pedagogía crítica, y ha propiciado una serie de oportunidades para la revisión de este ámbito educativo. Quizás una de las transformaciones más destacables ha sido la incorporación de las imágenes mediáticas como objeto de estudio de la educación artística, para lo cual ha debido superar planteamientos tradicionales que centraban la pertinencia del objeto de estudio en la excelencia estética. A este respecto, las propuestas de educación artística orientadas al estudio de la cultura visual, con distintos matices, nos abren unas perspectivas muy interesantes para el estudio de estas imágenes mediáticas, que vienen a reforzar, complementar y enriquecer las formas de estudio que venían proponiendo tanto la educomunicación como las propuestas de alfabetización visual. El presente artículo trata de analizar los argumentos y razones que se ofrecen desde esta renovada visión de la educación artística, con el fin de considerar lo que puede aportar para repensar y mejorar al ámbito que tradicionalmente se ha ocupado del estudio de las imágenes mediáticas: la educación mediática o educomunicación, de tan larga tradición en Iberoamérica.
Más que aprender a seleccionar un modelo pedagógico, nos compete aprender a producirlo
Authors: Tapiero Vásquez Elías
Published: February 2020

La condición positivista de la formación profesional de los maestros se vuelve “imperceptible” en la investigación educativa y pedagógica por las propias instituciones formadoras de maestros, cuando estas establecen la práctica de una falsa autonomía (pseudoautonomía) centrada, como fin último, en la escogencia de modelos pedagógicos, y en la que poco o nada participan en la creación de dichos menú. Esto explica, en parte, por qué en el ejercicio profesional docente, profesores y docentes-directivos se identifican más como miembros de comunidades educativas, que como miembros activos de comunidades científicas, es decir, comunidades productoras de conocimiento en pedagogía y educación...
Un espacio para pensar la educación artística desde el aula. Experiencia en la Licenciatura en Artes Escénicas de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, Colombia
Authors: Romero Sánchez Mónica Marcell
Published: February 2020

El texto recoge reflexiones derivadas de mi experiencia de docencia en artes, tanto en el ámbito escolar, como en la educación no formal y en la labor de educadora de educadores de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional. Reflexiones que se han cristalizado en la estructura del área de pedagogía de la licenciatura en artes escénicas de esta Universidad. El área de pedagogía se constituye en la columna vertebral de la Licenciatura y se propone como estrategia metodológica para la enseñanza de las artes escénicas en Colombia.El programa tiene diez años y desde hace dos, se implementan estrategias de renovación curricular. Las reflexiones presentadas en este texto tienen su origen en la renovación mencionada.