bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forage Mass, Nutritive Value, and In situ Degradation of Sorghum Silage Treated with Fibrolytic Enzymes
Authors: McCuistion Kimberly , Foster Jamie L. , Schuster Greta , Wester David , Lopez Zachary , Umphres Alinna M. , Coronado Adrian
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas

Xylanase and cellulase treatment of sorghum silage did not affect sorghum silage nutritive value.

The brown midrib trait and harvest timing have more influence on silage quality than fibrolytic enzymes.

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] and sorghum‐sudangrass (S. bicolor × S. bicolor drummondii) silage utilization in cattle diets has increased in recent years. The objectives of this study were to compare the forage mass and nutritive value of photoperiod‐sensitive (PS) sorghum and hybrid sister lines with or without the BMR trait, and determine if fibrolytic enzymes would improve the rate and extent of in situ disappearance of PS forage sorghum (FS) and PS sorghum‐sudagrass (SS) silage varieties with or without the brown midrib (BMR) trait (i.e., FS‐PS, FS‐PS/BMR, SS‐PS, and SS‐PS/BMR). This experiment was a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement whereby the crop was grown, chopped, and ensiled and inoculated with or without (control) the enzyme mixture. Yield was at least 1.6 ton/acre and nutritive value similar to that of similar cultivars. Mini‐silo buckets were sealed for 150 days, and dried silage material weighed into duplicate Dacron bags for in situ incubation for 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, or 72 h in three ruminally cannulated Angus steers (679 ± 52.9 lb body weight [BW]) to determine rate and extent of dry‐matter (DM) disappearance. The addition of fibrolytic enzymes had little effect on the nutritive value of ensiled forage. Non‐BMR silage had a greater potentially degradable fraction; however, BMR varieties had a greater wash loss and extent of digestion. Based on our results, selecting a sorghum variety with the BMR trait may be more important than using a fibrolytic enzyme to improve silage degradation characteristics.
Plastic Biofilm Carrier after Corn Cobs Reduces Nitrate Loading in Laboratory Denitrifying Bioreactors
Authors: Feyereisen Gary W. , Christianson Laura E. , Moorman Thomas B. , Venterea Rodney T. , Coulter Jeffrey A.
Published: June 2017

Nitrate‐nitrogen (nitrate‐N) removal rates can be increased substantially in denitrifying bioreactors with a corn (Zea mays L.) cob bed medium compared with woodchips; however, additional organic carbon (C) is released into the effluent. This laboratory column experiment was conducted to test the performance of a postbed chamber of inert plastic biofilm carrier (PBC) after corn cobs (CC) to extend the area of biofilm colonization, enhance nitrate‐N removal, lower total organic C losses, and reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) production at warm (15.5°C) and cold (1.5°C) temperatures. Treatments were CC only and CC plus PBC in series (CC‐PBC). Across the two temperatures, nitrate‐N load removal was 21% greater with CC‐PBC than CC, with 54 and 44% of total nitrate N load, respectively. However, total organic C concentrations and loads were not significantly different between treatments. Colonization of the PBC by denitrifiers occurred, although gene abundance at the outlet (PBC) was less than at the inlet (CC). The PBC chamber increased nitrate‐N removal rate and reduced cumulative N2O production at 15.5°C, but not at 1.5°C. Across temperatures and treatments, N2O production was 0.9% of nitrate‐N removed. Including an additional chamber filled with PBC downstream from the CC bioreactor provided benefits in terms nitrate‐N removal but did not achieve C removal. The presence of excess C, as well as available nitrate, in the PBC chamber suggests another unidentified limiting factor for nitrate removal.

Core Ideas

A chamber of inert plastic biofilm carrier after corn cobs increased NO3‐N removal.

The added chamber did not achieve aqueous carbon removal.

Denitrifiers colonized the plastic biofilm carrier.

At 15.5°C, nitrous oxide cumulative production decreased, but not at 1.5°C.

Cold temperature performance was unaffected by the added chamber.
O uso de algoritmos para determinação de investimentos rentáveis
Authors: Santos Paulo  Otávio O. dos , Santos Adriana C. Omena
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo apresenta reflexões acerca da importância do uso de algoritmos na atualidade e demonstra até que ponto o uso destes na compra e venda de ações financeiras é benéfico para análise de mercado e determinação de investimentos rentáveis. Com a intenção de investigar os principais usos de algoritmos na vida em sociedade, e após pesquisa documental e bibliográfica sobre a temática, os resultados indicaram que o uso é crescente e muito maior do que o imaginado e que como a ferramenta é programada por humanos e o código programado do algoritmo limita seu universo de informações que a depender dos parâmetros poderia ter melhor uso.
The use of VO2 max in the detection of talents in sports performance in elementary school student’s process
Authors: Fonseca Ernani Júnior , Melo Hugo Christiano Soares
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo teve como principal objetivo encontrar o protocolo de VO2 máximo mais simples aplicável em escolares do ensino fundamental como instrumento para detectar talentos no desempenho esportivo. Este artigo traz uma pesquisa bibliográfica integrativa baseada em artigos completos encontrados em bases de dados como Scielo, Pubmed, FIEP Bulletim, Plos One e Google Acadêmico. Através da educação física escolar pode se aumentar o número de atletas brasileiros. Portanto, deve-se dar muita atenção a educação física escolar, pois nas escolas existem milhares de crianças e dentre elas podem surgir muitos talentos esportivos, podendo ser assim detectados facilmente com o protocolo de cálculo de VO2 máximo de “Vai e vem” (Shuttle run), que é simples de executar e bastante prático do ponto de vista escolar.
Relação do processamento óptico, neurovisual e cognitivo nas dificuldades de leitura
Authors: Guimarães Márcia Reis , Araújo Douglas de , Guimarães Ricardo Queiroz
Published: June 2017

Revisão integrativa dos processos ópticos, neurovisuais e cognitivos envolvidos na leitura de textos de línguas alfabéticas com o objetivo de auxiliar o diagnóstico e tratamento de pacientes com dificuldade de leitura. Para uma leitura mais eficiente e confortável, recomenda-se para alguns leitores treinamento de movimentos oculares sacádicos, adequação da iluminação do ambiente, uso de lâminas ou de filtros espectrais, uso da fonte Courier New com tamanho 14, e o consumo de ômega-3 e ômega-6 na alimentação diária. Quanto ao processo cognitivo, um bom leitor deve possuir adequada rota fonológica para eficiente conversão grafema–fonema, que por sua vez fortalece e consolida a arquitetura léxico-semântica. Intervenções para melhorar a performance da rota fonológica envolvem o ensino explicito do princípio alfabético, o conhecimento dos sons das letras e jogos de consciência fonológica. Traçou-se um paralelo entre a Síndrome de Irlen e a Dislexia com o intuito de auxiliar no diagnóstico diferencial e no prognóstico.
Nova Iguaçu – quando a eleição de diretor de escola é uma farsa
Authors: Silva Percival
Published: June 2017

Este artigo busca analisar o recente processo de provimento de diretores das escolas da rede pública municipal de Nova Iguaçu, Grande Rio de Janeiro, prefeito Lindberg Farias, PT, eleito em 2004. À luz de depoimentos de professores, de documentos da Secretaria Municipal de Educação e Atos Oficiais do Município procura caracterizar a práxis de gestão democrática da educação aí em curso. Analisa como tem se pautado a relação comunidade escolar e “novo” grupo político no poder municipal, os jogos de interesse e os embates estabelecidos no processo de implantação da Lei de Gestão Democrática da Educação, Política pública fortemente atravessada pela cultura política do clientelismo e do fisiologismo. Conclui apontando as perspectivas de uma efetiva gestão democrática da educação no município. Palavras-chave: educação; políticas públicas; gestão democrática; práxis política; clientelismo.
Hypogonadism in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): Risk factors
Authors: Novkovic Ljiljana , Lazic Zorica , Petrovic Marina , Cupurdija Vojislav , Vujanac Katarina , Cekerevac Ivan
Published: June 2017

Bacground/Aim. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pulmonary pathology. However, apart from its own pulmonary manifestations, this disease is also characterized by systemic effects, including hypogonadism which is described especially in the group of men with COPD. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for hypogonadism in men with COPD. Methods. The study included 96 male patients with COPD in stable phase of the disease. All patients were checked for concentration of free testosterone in serum, markers of systemic inflammation, tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), interleukin-1? (IL-1?) and C reactive protein (CRP), pulmonary function test, gas exchange parameters, a 6-minute walk test (6MWT), nutritional status and condition of skeletal muscle (midthigh muscle cross-sectional area ? MTCSA using computed tomography). Results. Decreased value of free testosterone was found in 37.5% of the patients. In the group with hypogonadism (free testosterone < 4.5 pg/mL), we found significantly increased serum concentration of TNF-? (5.88 ? 3.21 vs. 3.16 ? 2.53 pg/mL; p < 0.05), significantly lower MTSCA (68.2 ? 18.72 vs. 91.1 ? 21.4 cm2; p < 0.05) and the 6MWT (268.33 ? 32.35 vs. 334.25 ? 43.25 m; p < 0.05). Lung function, gas exchange markers and body mass index (BMI) were similar in both groups. The multivariate regression analysis singled out serum value of TNF-? as an independent predictor of serum concentrations of free testosterone (B = -0.157; 95% confidence interval: -0.262?0.053). Conclusion. In our analysis we found that TNF-? as a marker of systemic inflammation is an independent predictor of the presence of hypogonadism in the patients with COPD. Our results indicate that hypogonadism predisposes to skeletal muscle wasting and exercise intolerance in male COPD patients.
Prevalence and demographic characteristics of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in corpses at Kerman Forensic Medicine Center, 2011
Authors: Khoshnoud Asghar , Sharifi Yazdi Ali , Kheirkhah Aliasghar , Ashrafi Moein
Published: June 2017

Introduction: Fatty liver is a multi-factorial gastrointestinal disorder that can lead to different disease and finally death. It is mostly silent without any obvious symptoms. This study is designed to determine the prevalence fatty liver after cadaver autopsy in 102 cadaver and its correlation with associated risk factors.Method: Liver autopsy was done on 102 cadaver refereeing to the legal medicine ward of Kerman on 2013. Clinical information and pathologic findings were recorded in statistical checklist. Finally data were analyzed with fisher’s exact test and mann-whitney U statistical test in SPSS environment ver.20Results: Mean of age was 43.25 ± 4.25 Pathologic findings showed 18(17.64) fatty liver. None of risk factors showed a significant relation with the prevalence of fatty liver (P>0.05),Conclusion: According to the finding and based on similar scientific evidences fatty liver in this study has higher prevalence rate in compared with other studies and more detailed study with larger sample sizes is recommended for more accurate findings.
The Relationship Between Perception of Disease and Quality of Life in Patients with Acne Vulgaris from 2013 to 2014
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Ardakani Mohamad , Dehghani Farideh , Ghanei Narges , Hoseini Kasnavie Fatemeh , Sepehri Fariba , Saberi Hoseinabad Mostafa , Hasanzadeh Abdolhosein , Bidaki Reza
Published: June 2017

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease that can affect people in any ages. The development of acne have adverse effects on life quality. Psychological disorders increased in these patients and their psycho social activities have been affected. Since few studies have been done regarding illness perception in people with acne in Iran, this study aimed to investigate the association of perception of acne disease and quality of life in central of IranMethods: we analyzed 200 patients Acne Vulgaris referred to Khatam-Al Anbia in 2013-14 by questionnaire of perception of disease (Brief IPQ) and quality of life (DLQL. the data was analyzed using t-test and Chi-square by SPSS-16Results: Mean age of patients was 24.3 years and 158 people (79%) were women and 42 people (21 %) were men. Mean quality life score in women was 8.79±5.3 and in men was 8.69±5.18. Most patients had moderate acne and duration of their disease was between 1 to 5 years. 136 people were 18 to 25 years old and 64 persons were higher than 25 years. The mean perception scores in men and women were 51.83 and 53.26 respectively In this study, there was a relation between sex (P=0.03), Acne severity and duration with quality of life score.Conclusion: Women and patients with severe acne and longer duration of symptoms had higher quality life score that had more disorder in life.. There was relation between perception and sex and duration of symptoms.
Oscilaciones nacionalistas: del ethos gandhiano al nacionalismo hindú en la trayectoria política de Vallabhbhai Patel
Authors: Martínez Saavedra Beatriz , Banerjee Ishita
Published: June 2017

Este ensayo explora la filosofía y métodos de lucha política de Gandhi a la luz de la percepción y apropiación que hizo de éstos Vallabhbhai Patel, uno de los discípulos clave de Gandhi y un político influyente en la lucha nacionalista por la independencia india. Por medio de un análisis sistemático y matizado de la trayectoria de Vallabhbhai Patel, se muestra cómo las ideas de Gandhi, basadas en un quehacer político regido por la moral y la ética, se prestaron a aplicaciones y aprehensiones distintas y contradictorias. La mezcla de lo religioso y lo político en el pensamiento de Gandhi y su adaptación a la retórica del nacionalismo (cultural) hindú, permitió a Vallabhbhai transitar de un nacionalismo gandhiano a un nacionalismo hindú hostil hacia los grupos minoritarios. La carrera de Vallabhbhai subraya la estrecha interrelación que existe entre un nacionalismo anticolonial y un nacionalismo hindú militante, los cuales coexistieron en las mismas coordenadas espacio-temporales e impulsaron una cultura de polarización social, la cual sigue nutriendo las formas de movilización política.
La adquisición de un equipo de alto desempeño como alternativa en la estrategia de crecimiento inorgánico. Acquisition of a High performing team as an alternative in the inorganic growth strategy
Authors: Ruiz de Villalba Flórez Juan Miguel , Gentilin Mariano , Franco Ruiz Camilo
Published: June 2017

En el presente artículo se analiza la adquisición de un equipo de alto desempeño (EAD) como una nueva alternativa de crecimiento inorgánico. El trabajo consiste en una reflexión teórica que se identifica a partir de una situación real de negocio ocurrida en el año 2006, en la que un EAD en el sector de banca privada en Estados Unidos fue contratado por un banco competidor. Para ello, se discuten diversas estrategias de crecimiento, tanto orgánicas como inorgánicas, y luego se desarrolla la adquisición de EAD dentro del análisis de las estrategias de crecimiento inorgánico. El desarrollo profundiza en cinco aspectos muy importantes de una estrategia de crecimiento inorgánico: la marca, lo legal, las características de la industria, lo cultural y los costos.
Pluralismo epistémico y pluralismo político: La gestión de la república. Epistemic and political pluralism: Running a republic
Authors: Schmukler Ricardo Enrique
Published: June 2017

En los últimos años, la noción de gestión pública ha desplazado a la de administración pública en la ponderación colectiva de la eficacia y la eficiencia gubernamental y administrativa. El presente trabajo discute este concepto, entendiéndolo como unidad de la teoría y la práctica en el ejercicio de los poderes y derechos públicos. Se argumenta acerca de la congruencia entre las formas del pluralismo que proponen las teorías constructivas y discursivas, tanto en el orden del conocimiento como en el de la organización. Así, se sostiene que, trascendiendo los límites del entendimiento convencional, el pluralismo epistémico y  el pluralismo político resultan manifestaciones de un mismo operar, en distintos campos de la experiencia, como formas del pensamiento y la acción congruentes con los valores socialmente dispuestos para regir una sana administración de la república.
Proyectos inconclusos. Educación e interculturalidad en sociedades desiguales
Authors: Gayol Víctor
Published: June 2017

La Yugoslavia de Tito (1953-1980) fue el experimento más largo del paneslavismo, aquel proyecto de integración multicultural forzada cuya disgregación produjo uno de los más sangrientos conflictos bélicos del siglo XX.
Saberes técnicos y empresariales en la industria eléctrica, 1870-1910
Authors: Gámez Moisés
Published: June 2017

Se estudian sujetos históricos de un papel significativo en la electrificación a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX, periodo relevante por el uso de la electricidad para iluminación pública y para actividades productivas. Se plantea que pusieron en marcha métodos de gestión y organización empresarial, proceso en el cual se genera acumulación y circulación de conocimientos técnicos y empresariales; los saberes se transforman dando paso a procesos innovadores y emprendedores en la industria eléctrica.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF A MOISTURIZING CREAM USING ALMOND BUTTER
Authors: Karemore M. N. , Charde Y. M. , Dharmadhikari P. , Bhise S. M.
Published: June 2017

Almond butter is one of the moisturizing agents, which has good emollient and moisturizing properties and hence can be well utilized to design a moisturizing cream, which can provide a good moisturizing property and help to maintain the healthy skin. The aim of the present study is to formulate moisturizing cream using Almond Butter and to evaluate its moisturizing property. In the present study, proper cream base was formulated by taking different trials and evaluated. The cream base showing the best results with respect to pH, thermal stability, total fatty matter and specific gravity was used for the incorporation of the active ingredient in different concentration and was evaluated for physical and chemical parameters. The subjective evaluation of the final product was carried out on volunteers of age 20 - 25 years with dry skin and moisturizing capacity was studied using corneometer. The values for pH, thermal stability, total fatty matter and specific gravity of the selected cream base were found to be within the standard limits. From the results of accelerated stability study of cream, it was found that the cream containing 3% Almond Butter was stable and effective with respect to color, odor, pH, viscosity, globule size and centrifugation. This cream was used for subjective evaluation and it was found that all the candidates experienced desired effect without any irritation. Hence it can be concluded that Almond Butter is having excellent moisturizing effect and can be used as moisturizing agent in different cosmetic products.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MICROSPHERES OF ATORVASTATIN USING CHITOSAN AND ALGINATE
Authors: Dhage S. G. , Lohiya G. K. , Charde Y. M. , Avari J. G.
Published: June 2017

Certain problems regarding the drugs like high first pass metabolism, also the bioavailability of the certain drugs varies due to instability in acidic environment of stomach. Hence, to resolve such problems the drug should be incorporated in the microspheres for sustained release using a suitable polymer. Natural polymer like chitosan gained great interest in pharmaceutical sector because of its advantages like biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, non-immunogenicity and low cost. In the present study, formulation and evaluation of polymeric microspheres of Atorvastatin Calcium was carried out and the release profile of such drug using the alginate and chitosan was studied. Microspheres were prepared for sustained release of drug using chitosan and alginate polymers by ionotropic gelation method. Microspheres were spherical in shape, having good flow properties and further its encapsulation efficiency, swelling index, micromeritic study, in- vitro drug release study and stability studies were performed in order to characterize microspheres. Three different concentrations of sodium alginate (1%, 2% and 3%) were used. The higher encapsulation efficiency was observed as the concentration of alginate increased. This is due to the greater availability of active calcium binding sites in the polymeric chains and consequently the greater degree of cross linking. The highest encapsulation efficiency (88.36) was achieved with 2% w/v sodium alginate in combination with 3% chitosan (F6). Among the prepared formulations with respect to the entrapment efficiency, swelling studies and in vitro drug release, the alginate-chitosan microspheres prepared by ionotropic gelation using calcium chloride found to be better than ionically cross linked alginate spheres alone. Therefore, dual cross-linked, microspheres are promising carrier for sustained release of drug.
AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF EUGENOL AND ANETHOLE ON ARSENIC INDUCED OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE IN CULTURED HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES
Authors: Bal Surbhi , Yadav Anita , Verma Neha , Aggarwal Neeraj K. , Gupta Ranjan
Published: June 2017

Arsenic contamination is one of the major health concerns all over the world and associated with various types of cancer and pathological effects. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a crucial role in arsenic mediated toxicity. Several studies have shown that population constantly exposed to arsenic have substantial oxidative stress that, in turn, induces DNA damage. In the present work eugenol and anethole were investigated for their protective effect against arsenic mediated oxidative DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Comet assay and lipid peroxidation was used as biomarker of genotoxicity and oxidative stress respectively. A dose dependent increase in tail moment and lipid peroxidation was observed when lymphocytes were treated with sodium arsenite. Treatment of arsenic (50µM) along with eugenol (20µM) and anethole (50µM) showed a significant decrease in the tail moment and lipid peroxidation in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes. The decrease in the tail moment and lipid peroxidation was significantly higher in combined supplementation of eugenol and anethole as compared to individual administration. The results of the present study suggests ameliorative role of eugenol and anethole against arsenic induced genotoxic and oxidative damage in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
SUBSTITUTED THIAZOLE LINKED MURRAYANINE-SCHIFF’S BASE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTI-BREAST CANCER CANDIDATES: FUTURE EGFR KINASE INHIBITORS
Authors: Mahapatra Debarshi Kar , Das Devashish , Shivhare Ruchi
Published: June 2017

Cancer is the second leading causes of mortality across the planet which has had affected millions. In spite of massive efforts in producing new molecules and chemotherapeutic approaches for managing cancer, it continued to be the global threat. Small hybrid molecules have gained popularity in chemotherapy due to their potential and smart characteristics in modulating biological targets. The present research attempts in developing few novel hybridized derivatives of murrayanine (an active carbazole derivative) by the semi-synthetic approach to form substituted thiazole linked murrayanine-Schiff’s base derivatives. The protocol involved murrayanine 1 as the template material for constructing a hybridized Schiff’s base intermediate 3, which further by Hantzch’s cyclization was subsequently converted to various hybridized thiazoles analogs 5a-5f. The purity of the synthesized compounds was ascertained by sophisticated analytical techniques. The anti-cancer potential was screened against breast cancer cell lines; MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The compound 5b displayed most potent anti-proliferative activity with IC50 values of 23.41μM against MCF-7 cell line and 32.15μM against MDA-MB-231 cell line. It has been observed that analogs having electron withdrawing substituents exhibited pronounced anticancer activity. The docking study was performed by Autodock Vina where the results were found to be in full agreement with the cytotoxic study, depicting that the probable cytotoxic outcome by EGFR inhibitory mechanism. The study revealed the potential of novel hybridized derivatives as active anti-breast cancer candidates. The research will encourage (medicinal) chemists in rationally designing of semi-synthetic analogs of a heterocyclic prototype having pronounced anti-cancer activity.
HACER GLOBALIZACIÓN DESDE ECUADOR. EL TERCER ESPACIO COMO UTOPÍA PARA EL ECUATORIANO EN TIMARÁN Y CUABÚ DE NELSON ESTUPIÑÁN BASS
Authors: Mvondo Wilfried
Published: June 2017

This paper studies how Nelson Estupiñán Bass realizes the dynamics in the creation of the third space in Ecuador relative to the utopia of socio-economic progress dragged by the latter. The study focuses on the articulation of the “third space” and the “utopia”. As this work is based on the sociocritical approach, it analyses the space from Timarán y Cuabú
and the ideologies that it outcrops. The study deals with the following findings: 1) the third space is a space of interests and resistance for the Ecuadorian and 2) that space create a utopia of development in the Ecuadorian.
COMPROMISSO DE AJUSTAMENTO DE CONDUTA E IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Lima Thadeu Augimeri de Goes
Published: June 2017

O artigo estuda a eficácia do compromisso de ajustamento de conduta como instrumento para obter a implementação de políticas públicas e a efetivação de direitos fundamentais sociais. Vale-se dos métodos hipotético-dedutivo, dialético e histórico-evolutivo e parte de marcos teóricos inseridos na concepção neoconstitucionalista. Inicia pela abordagem do neoconstitucionalismo e de sua manifestação no Brasil, constatando que os direitos fundamentais sociais previstos na Constituição Federal de 1988 sofrem uma crise de efetivação decorrente da ausência de políticas públicas sociais capazes de implementá-los. Continua com a análise do compromisso de ajustamento de conduta no Direito brasileiro, fixando seus antecedentes, sua natureza jurídica e conceito e suas características essenciais, especialmente os órgãos autorizados a celebrá-lo, seu objeto, sua forma e seus efeitos. Na sequência, ressalta as vantagens da prevenção e da resolução extrajudicial dos conflitos transindividuais possibilitadas pelo compromisso de ajustamento de conduta, notadamente as maiores celeridade e efetividade e o afastamento das críticas dirigidas à expansão da jurisdição constitucional e à judicialização da política. A conclusão confirma a hipótese desenvolvida na Introdução, verificando a grande relevância do instituto para a implementação de políticas públicas e a concretização dos direitos fundamentais sociais. O valor e a originalidade do trabalho estão principalmente no cotejo analítico do modelo consensual com a tradicional solução adjudicada estatal e no destaque às vantagens do primeiro sobre a última.
A CELEUMA DA ESTABILIZAÇÃO DA TUTELA ANTECIPADA ANTECEDENTE
Authors: Assumpção Jenifer Bacon
Published: June 2017

A antecipação de tutela diz respeito à imediata concessão dos efeitos executivos latu senso do provimento final. Segundo o Código de Processo Civil vigente, em casos de urgência, o pedido inicial de tutela antecipada poderá ser superficial, versando apenas sobre a situação de urgência, sem debater toda a matéria controvertida. Posteriormente, a petição inicial poderá ser aditada, para então completar toda a matéria a ser discutida no processo. Caso o réu não demonstre seu inconformismo a um eventual provimento de antecipação de tutela, seus efeitos serão estabilizados. Após o prazo para insurgir-se contra essa decisão, ele se torna definitiva. Várias são as problemáticas suscitadas dessa novidade jurídica, a serem o objeto da presente reflexão.
EL LIDERAZGO POLÍTICO FEMENINO: LA DIFICULTAD DE UNA EXPLICACIÓN
Authors: Román Marugán Paloma , Ferri Durá Jaime
Published: June 2017

ResumenEl incremento de mujeres en los puestos de liderazgo político en las democracias contemporáneas lleva a un replanteamiento de los diferentes enfoques y categorías de análisis que explican el fenómeno. En el caso del liderazgo femenino, se trata de un problema especialmente relevante, sobre todo en el espacio de la política, ya que su análisis específico es un terreno prácticamente ignoto. Este trabajo exploralos marcos teóricosdel liderazgo y de género para ver la dificultadde los modelos utilizados en elanálisis del fenómeno. No sóloexplora lapresencia y ausencia delos paradigmastradicionales, sino tambiénprueba con los modelos explicativosde otras culturas alternativas y del mundo del desarrollo.Palabras clave: Liderazgo, Mujeres, Sistemas Políticos, Género  English Title: Female Political Leadership: Explanatory DifficultiesAbstract: The increasing number of women in leadership roles in contemporary democracies demands reconsideration of the different analytical approaches and categories previously used to explain the development. The issue is especially relevant for political leadership as the analysis of female political leadership is at an embryonic stage. This paper aims to explore theoretical frameworks of leadership and gender, and to reveal both the lack and limitations of existing models for study of the phenomenon. The examination will include analysis of non- Western leadership examples.Key Words: Leadership, Women, Political System, Gender
LOS MENTORES EN EL DESARROLLO PROFESIONAL DE LAS MUJERES. ESTADOS UNIDOS Y MÉXICO
Authors: Ortega-Liston Ramona , Moral Fajardo María Esther , Cadena Inostroza Cecilia
Published: June 2017

ResumenDificultades de las mujeres para acceder a educación y puestos de trabajo comprende no solo sexismo, sino raza e identidad étnica. Se examinan los casos en la inserción laboral de mujeres profesionales afroamericanas y árabes que viven en Estados Unidos y de mujeres mexicanas en su país. Se revisan dificultades en su educación y carrera profesional, las estrategias para superarlas, principalmente el papel de los mentores/tutores. La principal conclusión es el papel determinante de los tutores en la trayectoria educativa y profesional de las mujeres y las que han sido apoyadas por éstos generalmente se convierten en mentoras.Palabras clave: Mentores/tutores, trayectorias de mujeres, narrativa.English Title: Mentors in the Development of Professional Women. United States and MexicoAbstract: Impediments to women’s access to education and jobs include not only sexism, but race and ethnicity. This paper examines the work placement experiences of Afro-American and Arab professional women living in the USA, and of Mexican women in their own country. The educational and professional career struggles are reviewed; the strategies for success, and the role of mentors, are also examined. The conclusion is that the role of mentors is decisive in the career education of women, and that those women often become mentors in their turn.Key words: Mentors, women’s career, narrative.
THE TIES THAT BIND US TO EACH OTHER’: MASCULINITY IN SARAH HARRIET BURNEY’S OEUVRE
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Carmen María
Published: June 2017

ResumenSarah Harriet Burney (1771-1844) was a very popular woman writer at the turn of the nineteenth century rivalling her half-sister, the celebrated Frances Burney. This article analyses the male protagonists in Sarah Harriet’s oeuvre within the framework of eighteenth-century gender studies. The authoress gives a new turn to the tradition of the feminized hero who is often associated with the brotherly figure. Strongly resembling the heroine, Sarah Harriet’s maleprotagonists compete with the brother for feminine affection and become an instrument for echoing discomfort and articulating a radical criticism of patriarchy.Key words: Sarah Harriet Burney, British literature, gender studies, eighteenth century.Titulo en español: “The ties that bind us to each other”: masculinidad en la obra de Sarah Harriet BurneyResumen: Sarah Harriet Burney (1771-1844)fueuna escritora muypopular a finales del siglo diecinueve rivalizando con su hermana, la admirada FrancesBurney. Este artículo se centra en los protagonistas masculinos en la obra de Sarah Harriet dentro del marco de los estudios de género del siglo dieciocho. La autora reformula la tradición del héroe feminizado que generalmente se asocia a la figura fraternal. Los protagonistas masculinos de Sarah Harriet se parecen mucho a la heroína, compiten con el hermano por el afecto femenino y se convierte en un instrumento para expresar el descontento y articular una crítica radical del patriarcado.Palabras clave: Sarah HarrietBurney, literatura británica, estudios de género, siglo dieciocho.
ENTREVISTA A MAURY MARCANO, DIRECTORA DEL DOCUMENTAL COMO DIOS NOS TRAJO
Authors: Díaz-Marcos Ana María , Meléndez Luis Alfonso
Published: June 2017

Esta entrevista tuvo lugar en el Festival del Cine del Mundo de Montreal el día 30de agosto del 2014. Ana María Díaz Marcos y Luis Alfonso Meléndez entrevistaron en los pasillos del festival a la escritora y directora de cine Maury Marcano, venezolana afincada en Buenos Aires. “Como Dios Nos Trajo” (2014) es su primer documental yexplora la experiencia de las mujeres que trabajan en los clubs de striptease en Caracas y Buenos Aires.
RESEÑA: SENTI-PENSAR EL GÉNERO. PERSPECTIVAS DESDE LOS PUEBLOS ORIGINARIOS. GEORGINA MÉNDEZ TORRES, JUAN LÓPEZ INTINA, SYLVIA MARCOS Y CARMEN OSORIO HERNÁNDEZ
Authors: Granillo Vázquez Lilia
Published: June 2017

RESEÑA: SENTI-PENSAR EL GÉNERO. PERSPECTIVAS DESDE LOS PUEBLOS ORIGINARIOS. GEORGINA MÉNDEZ TORRES, JUAN LÓPEZ INTINA, SYLVIA MARCOS Y CARMEN OSORIO HERNÁNDEZ
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Authors: Revista de Estudios de las Mujeres RAUDEM
Published: June 2017

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Rompere il tabù: Il tema dell’abbandono dei figli in Una donna di Sibilla Aleramo e La filgia oscura di Elena Ferrante
Authors: Kobilj Cuic Sanja
Published: June 2017

Riassunto: Questo articolo esamina la maternità rappresentata in due testi, Una donna di Sibilla Aleramo e La figlia osura di Elena Ferrante. L’accento è sul tema dell’ambivalenza materna e sul tema dell’abbandono dei figli da parte delle madri considerato tuttora uno dei tabù nella società e nella letteratura italiane. Attraverso l’analisi di questi due romanzi, si cerca di capire quali siano i motivi emotivi e sociali che portano le madri protagoniste a cercare i propri spazi. Il metodo teorico si basa sul lavoro del gruppo Diotima sull’ambivalenza della maternità. Breaking the Taboo: The Theme of Abandonment of Children Abstract: This article examines motherhood represented in some of the most important novels of Italian female literature. The focus is on the topic of maternal ambivalence and the on theme of abandonment of a child considered one of the taboos in Italian literature and society. Through a close reading of novels Una donna written by Sibilla Aleremo and La figlia oscura and I giorni dell’abbandono by Elena Ferrante, the article analyses the emotional and social motives that bring the women to search for their own freedom and re-establish their own identity. The search for a non-patriarchal motherhood is made possible through the work of Italian theorist gathered around the Italian feminist group of Diotima that through different seminars discuss the exception of a mother and explore the ambivalence of the maternal. Although the changes in better are visible, the narrative of women needs more exploring of the voice of the mother but also a larger autonomy in expressing the dark sides of maternity that still lack of presentation.
Marisa Madieri. Escritoras del éxodo y del exili. Pedro Luis Ladrón de Guevara, Mª Belén Hernández González, Zosi Zografidou (eds.)
Authors: Piqueras Casado Fuensanta María
Published: June 2017

Marisa Madieri. Escritoras del éxodo y del exili. Pedro Luis Ladrón de Guevara, Mª Belén Hernández González, Zosi Zografidou (eds.)
Editors’ Introduction: Disciplinary Stakes For Cultural Studies Today
Authors: Jones Stefanie A , Laine Eero , Sula Chris Alen
Published: June 2017

Editors' introduction to Issue 5.1 of Lateral, journal of the Cultural Studies Association. Includes an overview of articles in this issue, editorial announcements, and call for book review editor.
Enabling Whom? Critical Disability Studies Now
Authors: Minich Julie Avril
Published: June 2017

A response to the forum, “Emergent Critical Analytics for Alternative Humanities,” edited by Chris A. Eng and Amy K. King. Julie Avril addressing the elision of race in disability studies, Minich in turn traces the histories of normative care of bodies that are seen as personal/private property. Advising against the potential ways in which scholarship might take up disability by fetishizing difference and reaffirming dominant models of able-bodiedness, Minich calls for work to be first and foremost accountable to people with disabilities: this means making knowledge accessible. Moreover, Minich reminds us that much of the labor for accessibility is individualized, as some of the most vulnerable members of academic departments often take up this labor without institutional support. In order for knowledge to be accessible, Minich stresses, the labor of accessibility must be addressed on an institutional level.
Residual stress state in pipe cut ring specimens for fracture toughness testing
Authors: Damjanović Darko , Kozak Dražan , Marsoner Stefan , Gubeljak Nenad
Published: June 2017

Thin-walled pipes are not suitable for measuring fracture toughness parameters of vital importance because longitudinal crack failure is the most common failure mode in pipes. This is due to the impossibility to manufacture standard specimens for measuring fracture toughness, such as SENB or CT specimens, from the thin wall of the pipe. Previous works noticed this problem, but until now, a good and convenient solution has not been found or developed. To overcome this problem, very good alternative solution was proposed, the so-called pipe ring notched bend specimen (PRNB) [1–5]. Until now, only the idealized geometry PRNB specimen is analyzed, i. e., a specimen which is not cut out from an actual pipe but produced from steel plate. Based on that, residual stresses are neglected along with the imperfections in geometry (elliptical and eccentricity). The aim of this research is to estimate the residual stress state(s) in real pipes used in the boiler industry produced by hot rolling technique. These types of pipes are delivered only in normalized condition, but not stress relieved. Therefore, there are residual stresses present due to the manufacturing technique, but also due to uneven cooling after the production process. Within this paper, residual stresses are estimated by three methods: the incremental hole drilling method (IHMD), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the splitting method (SM). Knowing the residual stress state in the ring specimen, it is possible to assess their impact on fracture toughness measured on the corresponding PRNB specimen(s).
Transcirculation Pipeline embolization device deployment: a rescue technique
Authors: Valle-Giler Edison P. , Atallah Elias , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Jabbour Pascal
Published: June 2017

The Pipeline embolization device (PED) has become a very important tool in the treatment of nonruptured cerebral aneurysms. However, a patient’s difficult anatomy or vascular stenosis may affect the device delivery. The purpose of this article was to describe an alternate technique for PED deployment when ipsilateral anatomy is not amenable for catheter navigation.

A 44-year-old woman with a symptomatic 6-mm right superior hypophyseal artery aneurysm and a known history of right internal carotid artery dissection presented for PED treatment of her aneurysm. An angiogram showed persistence of the arterial dissection with luminal stenosis after 6 months of dual antiplatelet treatment. The contralateral internal carotid artery was catheterized and the PED was deployed via a transcirculation approach, using the anterior communicating artery. Transcirculation deployment of a PED is a viable option when ipsilateral anatomy is difficult or contraindicated for this treatment.
Infrared Small Moving Target Detection via Saliency Histogram and Geometrical Invariability
Authors: Wan Minjie , Ren Kan , Gu Guohua , Zhang Xiaomin , Qian Weixian , Chen Qian , Yu Shuai
Published: June 2017

In order to detect both bright and dark small moving targets effectively in infrared (IR) video sequences, a saliency histogram and geometrical invariability based method is presented in this paper. First, a saliency map that roughly highlights the salient regions of the original image is obtained by tuning its amplitude spectrum in the frequency domain. Then, a saliency histogram is constructed by means of averaging the accumulated saliency value of each gray level in the map, through which bins corresponding to bright target and dark target are assigned with large values in the histogram. Next, single-frame detection of candidate targets is accomplished by a binarized segmentation using an adaptive threshold, and their centroid coordinates with sub-pixel accuracy are calculated through a connected components labeling method as well as a gray-weighted criterion. Finally, considering the motion characteristics in consecutive frames, an inter-frame false alarm suppression method based on geometrical invariability is developed to improve the precision rate further. Quantitative analyses demonstrate the detecting precision of this proposed approach can be up to 97% and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves further verify our method outperforms other state-of-the-arts methods in both detection rate and false alarm rate.
The Combination of Arginine Deprivation and 5-Fluorouracil Improves Therapeutic Efficacy in Argininosuccinate Synthetase Negative Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Thongkum Angkana , Wu Chunjing , Li Ying-Ying , Wangpaichitr Medhi , Navasumrit Panida , Parnlob Varabhorn , Sricharunrat Thaniya , Bhudhisawasdi Vajarabhongsa , Ruchirawat Mathuros , Savaraj Niramol
Published: June 2017

Argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS), a key enzyme to synthesize arginine is down regulated in many tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Similar to previous reports, we have found the decrease in ASS expression in poorly differentiated HCC. These ASS(-) tumors are auxotrophic for arginine. Pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20), which degrades arginine, has shown activity in these tumors, but the antitumor effect is not robust and hence combination treatment is needed. Herein, we have elucidated the effectiveness of ADI-PEG20 combined with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in ASS(-)HCC by targeting urea cycle and pyrimidine metabolism using four HCC cell lines as model. SNU398 and SNU387 express very low levels of ASS or ASS(-) while Huh-1, and HepG2 express high ASS similar to normal cells. Our results showed that the augmented cytotoxic effect of combination treatment only occurs in SNU398 and SNU387, and not in HepG2 and Huh-1 (ASS(+)) cells, and is partly due to reduced anti-apoptotic proteins X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (Mcl-1) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). Importantly, lack of ASS also influences essential enzymes in pyrimidine synthesis (carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase2, aspartate transcarbamylase and dihydrooratase (CAD) and thymidylate synthase (TS)) and malate dehydrogenase-1 (MDH-1) in TCA cycle. ADI-PEG20 treatment decreased these enzymes and made them more vulnerable to 5-FU. Transfection of ASS restored these enzymes and abolished the sensitivity to ADI-PEG20 and combination treatment. Overall, our data suggest that ASS influences multiple enzymes involved in 5-FU sensitivity. Combining ADI-PEG20 and 5-FU may be effective to treat ASS(-)hepatoma and warrants further clinical investigation.
First-Principles View on Photoelectrochemistry: Water-Splitting as Case Study
Authors: Hellman Anders , Wang Baochang
Published: June 2017

Photoelectrochemistry is truly an interdisciplinary field; a natural nexus between chemistry and physics. In short, photoelectrochemistry can be divided into three sub-processes, namely (i) the creation of electron-hole pairs by light absorption; (ii) separation/transport on the charge carriers and finally (iii) the water splitting reaction. The challenge is to understand all three processes on a microscopic scale and, perhaps even more importantly, how to combine the processes in an optimal way. This review will highlight some first-principles insights to the above sub-processes, in~particular as they occur using metal oxides. Based on these insights, challenges and future directions of first-principles methods in the field of photoelectrochemistry will be discussed.
Optical Absorption Enhancement in CdTe Thin Films by Microstructuration of the Silicon Substrate
Authors: Rangel-Cárdenas Jesús , Sobral Hugo
Published: June 2017

In this work, the reflectance, optical absorption, and band gap have been determined for CdTe thin films grown on planar and microstructured substrates. The treated surface was prepared by laser ablation of a silicon wafer, forming holes in a periodic arrangement. Thin films were grown by pulsed laser ablation on silicon samples kept at 200 °C inside a vacuum chamber. The presence of CdTe was verified with X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy indicating a nanocrystalline zinc blended structure. The optical absorption of thin films was calculated by using the Fresnel laws and the experimental reflectance spectrum. Results show that reflectance of 245 nm films deposited on modified substrates is reduced by up to a factor of two than the obtained on unchanged silicon and the optical absorption is 16% higher at ~456 nm. Additionally, it was determined that the band gap energy for planar and microstructured films is about 1.44 eV for both cases.
Separated Type Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Microjets Array for Maskless Microscale Etching
Authors: Dai Yichuan , Zhang Man , Li Qiang , Wen Li , Wang Hai , Chu Jiaru
Published: June 2017

Maskless etching approaches such as microdischarges and atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) have been studied recently. Nonetheless, a simple, long lifetime, and efficient maskless etching method is still a challenge. In this work, a separated type maskless etching system based on atmospheric pressure He/O2 plasma jet and microfabricated Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) nozzle have been developed with advantages of simple-structure, flexibility, and parallel processing capacity. The plasma was generated in the glass tube, forming the micron level plasma jet between the nozzle and the surface of polymer. The plasma microjet was capable of removing photoresist without masks since it contains oxygen reactive species verified by spectra measurement. The experimental results illustrated that different features of microholes etched by plasma microjet could be achieved by controlling the distance between the nozzle and the substrate, additive oxygen ratio, and etch time, the result of which is consistent with the analysis result of plasma spectra. In addition, a parallel etching process was also realized by plasma microjets array.