bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emergence of an Extensive Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain of Chicken Origin Carrying
bla
IMP-45
,
tet
(X6), and
tmexCD3
-
toprJ3
on an Inc
pRBL16
Plasmid
Authors: Dong Ning , Liu Congcong , Hu Yanyan , Lu Jiayue , Zeng Yu , Chen Gongxiang , Chen Sheng , Zhang Rong
Published: October 2022

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is an opportunistic pathogen that causes infections that are difficult to treat. This study reported, for the first time, the occurrence of last-resort antibiotic resistance determinants
bla
IMP-45
,
tet
(X6), and
tmexCD3
-
toprJ3
on a single plasmid in
P. aeruginosa
from chickens.
Evaluating Bacterial Pathogenesis Using a Model of Human Airway Organoids Infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms
Authors: Tang Mingxing , Liao Shumin , Qu Jing , Liu Yixin , Han Shuhong , Cai Zhao , Fan Yunping , Yang Liang , Li Shuo , Li Liang
Published: October 2022

Human airway organoids (HAOs) are an organotypic model of human airway mucociliary epithelium. The HAOs can closely resemble their origin organ in terms of epithelium architecture and physiological function.
Oxidative Stress Regulates a Pivotal Metabolic Switch in Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Degradation by the Marine Bacterium Ruegeria pomeroyi
Authors: Wang Tao , Huang Qiuyuan , Burns Andrew S. , Moran Mary Ann , Whitman William B.
Published: October 2022

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is the most abundant low-molecular-weight organic compound in marine surface water and source of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), a climatically active gas that connects the marine and terrestrial sulfur cycles. Marine bacteria are the major DMSP consumers, either generating DMS or consuming DMSP as a source of reduced carbon and sulfur.
Formation of authigenic carbonates contributed by sulfate- and metal-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane in the northern Okinawa Trough, East China Sea
Authors: Liu Lei , Guan Hongxiang , Xu Lanfang , Sun Zhilei , Wu Nengyou
Published: October 2022

Authigenic carbonates of the northern Okinawa Trough have been shown to be contributed by both sulfate- and Fe-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane (SD-AOM and Fe-AOM, respectively); however, the microorganisms involved remain poorly constrained. To better understand the types and roles of microorganisms in specific biological methane oxidation processes, authigenic carbonates collected from the northern Okinawa Trough at water depths between ∼540 m and 700 m were studied using petrographic, mineralogical, elemental, and lipid biomarker analyses. The carbonate minerals were primarily aragonite, high-magnesium calcite, low-magnesium calcite, or dolomite. The extremely low δ13C values of bulk carbonates (−59.2‰), molecular fossils of anaerobic methane oxidizing archaea (ANME; −131‰), and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB; −77‰) indicated that the authigenic carbonates formed as products of AOM. Biogenic methane was confirmed to be the main carbon source for all carbonates, whereas bio-degraded oil and hydrothermal input complemented carbon sources, as revealed by the occurrence of unresolved complex mixture, strongly enriched As and Sb, and their correlations with Fe/Al. Combined with enriched δ18O values (as high as +5‰), the methane fluids were suggested to derive from the dissociation of gas hydrates. ANME-2 and a mixture of ANME-1 and ANME-2 were identified for the two calcitic carbonates, respectively, as revealed by their specific biomarker patterns. The relatively higher contents of 13C-depeleted isoprenoids and SRB−related fatty acids, strong Mo enrichment, and biological debris in both calcite- and aragonite-dominated carbonates reflect precipitation driven by SD-AOM in a shallow sulfate-methane transition. For other seep carbonates, low amounts of 13C-depeleted isoprenoids and the near absence of crocetane suggest dominance of the ANME-1 assemblage. The extremely low amounts and non-13C-depleted iso-/anteiso-C15:0 fatty acids (−27‰) in the dolomite-containing carbonates indicate the decoupling of ANME and SRB. These carbonates were most likely formed below or at the bottom of the sulfate-methane transition and included contributions from Fe-AOM, as indicated by the low Mo content, occurrence of dolomite and siderite, and decreased δ56Fe values with increasing Fe/Al ratios.
Rare Earth–Uranium–Thorium Mineralization in the Molybdenum Ores of the Buluktaevskoe Mo–W Deposit (Western Transbaikalia, Russia)
Authors: Damdinov B. B. , Damdinova L. B. , Tugutova S. Z.
Published: October 2022

Abstract—

The Buluktaevskoe molybdenum–tungsten deposit is considered a close analog of W–Mo deposits within the large Dzhida orefield, in which the Pervomaiskoe molybdenum and Inkurskoe and Kholtosonskoe tungsten deposits are known. Fifteen ore minerals were identified in the molybdenum ores of the Buluktaevskoe deposit; in addition to molybdenite, they include sulfides (pyrite, galena, and chalcopyrite), tungstates (wolframite and scheelite), molybdates (powellite and wulfenite), and a relatively large number of minerals containing rare earth elements (REE), U, and Th (Th-bearing monazite, brannerite, thorite, and uraninite); among them are previously unknown minerals: fluorine-bearing thorium molybdate and minerals with compositions corresponding to rare mineral species, orthobrannerite and kobeite-(Y). Interrelations and specific chemical compositions of the uranium–thorium–rare earth element minerals are discussed. It was established that these minerals formed in the course of hydrothermal alteration processes, at the early (molybdenite) development stage of the Buluktaevskoe molybdenum–tungsten deposit.
Transcription Factors of the GLRs Family Are Involved in Cytokinin-Dependent Regulation of Plastid RNA Polymerase SCA3 Gene Expression during Deetiolation of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Doroshenko A. S. , Malyukova A. M. , Danilova M. N. , Kuznetsov Vl. V. , Kusnetsov V. V.
Published: October 2022

Light-dependent transcription factors GLKs ofArabidopsis thalianaare involved in the anterograde regulation of chloroplast biogenesis during deetiolation: they regulate the expression of photosynthetic nuclear-encoded genes and also mediate the transcription of plastid genes. Chloroplast biogenesis is determined at the same time by light and by endogenous factors (phytohormones), among which cytokinins significantly accelerate the formation of photosynthetically active chloroplasts. In this work, it was shown thattrans-factors GLKs function as cytokinin-dependent regulators, mediating the positive cytokinin effect on the plastome expression through the activation of transcription of theSCA3nuclear gene encoding the plastid RNA polymerase RPOTp.
Identifying and understanding disease burden in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Christensen Katrine Risager , Ainsworth Mark Andrew , Skougaard Marie , Steenholdt Casper , Buhl Sine , Brynskov Jørn , Kristensen Lars Erik , Jørgensen Tanja Schjødt
Published: October 2022

Objective

Physicians tend to focus on biomedical targets while little is known about issues important to patients. We aimed to identify critical concepts impacting patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Design

We performed a survey of patients with IBD in biologic therapy (n=172) and used a validated qualitative method called group concept mapping (GCM) in patient workshops. The survey included 13 questions on attitudes toward symptoms and issues related to IBD. In the eight workshops, patients (n=26) generated statements later clustered into concepts identifying issues impacting a patient’s life. Patients ranked the statements.

Results

In the survey, patients’ mean age were 40 years (SD 13), 53% were women, and 38% had ulcerative colitis. They identified fatigue (57%) and stool frequency (46%) as the most critical symptoms impacting their daily lives regardless of disease activity. In the GCM workshops with Crohn’s disease (n=13) (median age 42 years (IQR 39–51) and 62% were women), 335 statements divided among 10 concepts were generated, and the three most important concepts were ‘Positive attitudes’, ‘Accept and recognition’, and ‘Sharing knowledge and experiences in life with Crohn’s disease’. In the workshops with ulcerative colitis (n=13) (median age 43 years (IQR 36–49) and 69% were women), 408 statements divided into 11 concepts were generated; the most important concepts were ‘Take responsibility and control over your life’, ‘Medication’, and ‘Everyday life with ulcerative colitis’.

Conclusion

Focusing solely on IBD symptoms, patients identified fatigue and stool frequency to impact daily life the most. However, when investigating the disease burden in a broader perspective beyond classic IBD symptoms, patients identified concepts with focus on emotional health to be most important.

Trial registration

The Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte approved the questionnaire and methodology (work-zone no: 18015429).
Antibiotic prescription using a digital decision support system: a register-based study of patients with hard-to-heal ulcers in Sweden
Authors: Wickström Hanna Linnea , Fagerström Cecilia , Öien Rut Frank , Anderberg Peter , Midlöv Patrik
Published: October 2022

Objectives

To investigate differences in antibiotic prescription for patients with hard-to-heal ulcers assessed using a digital decision support system (DDSS) compared with those assessed without using a DDSS. A further aim was to examine predictors for antibiotic prescription.

Design

Register-based study.

Setting

In 2018–2019, healthcare staff in primary, community and specialist care in Sweden tested a DDSS that offers a mobile application for data and photograph transfer to a platform for multidisciplinary consultation and automatic transmission of data to the Registry of Ulcer Treatment (RUT). Register-based data from patients assessed and diagnosed using the DDSS combined with the RUT was compared with register-based data from patients whose assessments were merely registered in the RUT.

Participants

A total of 117 patients assessed using the DDSS combined with the RUT (the study group) were compared with 1784 patients whose assessments were registered in the RUT without using the DDSS (the control group).

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The differences in antibiotic prescription were analysed using the Pearson’s χ2test. A logistic regression analysis was used to check for influencing factors on antibiotic prescription.

Results

Patients assessed using a DDSS in combination with the RUT had significantly lower antibiotic prescription than patients entered in the RUT without using the DDSS (8% vs 26%) (p=0.002) (only healed ulcers included). Predictors for antibiotic prescription were diabetes; long healing time; having an arterial, neuropathic or malignant ulcer.

Conclusions

A DDSS with data and photograph transfer that enables multidisciplinary communication appears to be a suitable tool to reduce antibiotic prescription for patients with hard-to-heal ulcers.
Determinants of early initiation of breast feeding among mothers of children aged less than 24 months in Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sako Sewunet , Gilano Girma , Tekabe Be'emnet , Abebe Sintayehu
Published: October 2022

Objective

This study aims to assess the prevalence of early initiation of breast feeding (EIBF) and associated factors among mothers having children less than 2 years of age in Ethiopia.

Design

Community-based cross-sectional study.

Setting

In this analysis, data from 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey (EMDHS) was used. The survey included all the nine regional states and two city administrations of Ethiopia.

Participants

We extracted data of 2054 mothers who had last-born children and those mothers who ever breast fed or still breast feeding their children during the survey from the 2019 EMDHS datasets.

Main outcome measures

We performed a two-stage multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression to identify individual and community-level determinants of EIBF. In the final model, variables with a p-value less than 5% and an adjusted OR with a 95% CI were reported as statistically significant variables with EIBF.

Result

The prevalence of EIBF among mothers having children aged 0–23 months was 73.56% (95% CI: 71.65% to 75.47%). Women who delivered at a health facility (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.98; 95% CI: 1.39 to 2.79) and have children with birth order second–fourth (AOR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.49) were more likely to initiate early breast feeding than their counterparts. On the other hand, women who gave birth by caesarean section (AOR=0.21; 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.33), had multiple births (AOR=0.35; 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.92) and had postnatal check-up (AOR=0.62; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.91) were less likely to practise EIBF as compared with their counterparts. Region of residence of women was also significantly associated with EIBF.

Conclusion

In this study, the overall prevalence of EIBF was good. Place of delivery, mode of delivery, postnatal check-up, type of birth, birth order and region were factors significantly associated with EIBF. Therefore, government and stakeholders need to show commitment to improve access and utilisation of basic maternal health services to increase the practice of EIBF.
General practice perspective on the use of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia using an Action Research approach: a qualitative study
Authors: Hardie Rae-Anne , Thomas Judith , Li Julie , Pearce Christopher , Georgiou A
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Telehealth has emerged as a viable and safe mode of care delivery in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, electronic general practice data reveal differences in uptake and consultation mode, which we hypothesise may be due to potential barriers impacting on quality of care. We aimed to identify the benefits and barriers of telehealth use in general practice, using an ‘Action Research’ approach involving general practitioners (GPs) and general practice stakeholders.

Design

Qualitative focus group performed within a broader Action Research methodology.

Setting

A focus group was held in August 2021, with general practice participants from Victoria, Australia.

Participants

The study consisted of a purposive sample of 11 participants, including GPs (n=4), representatives from three primary health networks (n=4) and data custodian representatives (n=3) who were part of a project stakeholder group guided by an Action Research approach.

Methods

Semistructured interview questions were used to guide focus group discussions via videoconference, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis. The transcript was analysed using an inductive thematic approach.

Results

Emerging themes included evolution of telehealth, barriers to telehealth (privacy, eligibility, technology, quality of care, sociodemographic and residential aged care barriers) and benefits of telehealth (practice, quality of care, sociodemographic and residential aged care benefits).

Conclusion

The findings highlight a range of barriers to telehealth that impact general practice, but also provide justification for the continuation and development of telehealth. These results provide important context to support data-driven population-based findings on telehealth uptake. They also highlight areas of quality improvement for the enhancement of telehealth as a valuable tool for routine general practice patient care.
Calibrating a network meta-analysis of diabetes trials of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors to a representative routine population: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Butterly Elaine , Wei Lili , Adler Amanda I , Almazam Saleh A M , Alsallumi Khalid , Blackbourn Luke A K , Dias Sofia , Hanlon Peter , Hughes Katherine , Lewsey Jim , Lindsay Robert , McGurnaghan Stuart , Petrie John , Phillippo David , Sattar Naveed , Tomlinson Laurie A , Welton Nicky , Wild Sarah , McAllister David
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Participants in randomised controlled trials (trials) are generally younger and healthier than many individuals encountered in clinical practice. Consequently, the applicability of trial findings is often uncertain. To address this, results from trials can be calibrated to more representative data sources. In a network meta-analysis, using a novel approach which allows the inclusion of trials whether or not individual-level participant data (IPD) is available, we will calibrate trials for three drug classes (sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) receptor analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors) to the Scottish diabetes register.

Methods and analysis

Medline and EMBASE databases, the US clinical trials registry (clinicaltrials.gov) and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn) will be searched from 1 January 2002. Two independent reviewers will apply eligibility criteria to identify trials for inclusion. Included trials will be phase 3 or 4 trials of SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP1 receptor analogues or DPP4 inhibitors, with placebo or active comparators, in participants with type 2 diabetes, with at least one of glycaemic control, change in body weight or major adverse cardiovascular event as outcomes. Unregistered trials will be excluded.

We have identified a target population from the population-based Scottish diabetes register. The chosen cohort comprises people in Scotland with type 2 diabetes who either (1) require further treatment due to poor glycaemic control where any of the three drug classes may be suitable, or (2) who have adequate glycaemic control but are already on one of the three drug classes of interest or insulin.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval for IPD use was obtained from the University of Glasgow MVLS College Ethics Committee (Project: 200160070). The Scottish diabetes register has approval from the Scottish A Research Ethics Committee (11/AL/0225) and operates with Public Benefit and Privacy Panel for Health and Social Care approval (1617-0147).

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42020184174.
Prediction models for SIRS, sepsis and associated organ dysfunctions in paediatric intensive care: study protocol for a diagnostic test accuracy study
Authors: Böhnke Julia , Rübsamen Nicole , Mast Marcel , Rathert Henning ,   ELISE Study Group, Karch André , Jack Thomas , Wulff Antje
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis and associated organ dysfunctions are life-threating conditions occurring at paediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Early recognition and treatment within the first hours of onset are critical. However, time pressure, lack of personnel resources, and the need for complex age-dependent diagnoses impede an accurate and timely diagnosis by PICU physicians. Data-driven prediction models integrated in clinical decision support systems (CDSS) could facilitate early recognition of disease onset.

Objectives

To estimate the sensitivity and specificity of previously developed prediction models (index tests) for the detection of SIRS, sepsis and associated organ dysfunctions in critically ill children up to 12 hours before reference standard diagnosis is possible.

Methods and analysis

We conduct a monocentre, prospective diagnostic test accuracy study. Clinicians in the PICU of the tertiary care centre Hannover Medical School, Germany, continuously screen and recruit patients until the adaptive sample size (originally intended sample size of 500 patients) is enrolled. Eligible are children (0–17 years, all sexes) who stay in the PICU for ≥12 hours and for whom an informed consent is given. All eligible patients are independently assessed for SIRS, sepsis and organ dysfunctions using corresponding predictive and knowledge-based CDSS models. The knowledge-based CDSS models serve as imperfect reference standards. The assessments are used to estimate the sensitivities and specificities of each predictive model using a clustered nonparametric approach (main analysis). Subgroup analyses (‘age groups’, ‘sex’ and ‘age groups by sex’) are predefined.

Ethics and dissemination

This study obtained ethics approval from the Hannover Medical School Ethics Committee (No. 10188_BO_SK_2022). Results will be disseminated as peer-reviewed publications, at scientific conferences, and to patients in an appropriate dissemination approach.

Trial registration number

This study was registered with the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00029071) on 2022-05-23.

Protocol version

10188_BO_SK_2022_V.2.0–20220330_4_Studienprotokoll.
Impact of the Finnish Maternity Grant on infant mortality rates in the 20th century: a natural experimental study
Authors: McCabe Ronan , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Dundas Ruth , Gissler Mika , Craig Peter
Published: October 2022

Background

Baby boxes provide goods to new parents and a space for infant sleeping. They were first introduced in Finland, and it has been argued that the policy helped reduce infant mortality. We evaluated the impact of the Finnish Maternity Grant (which includes the Finnish Baby Box) on infant mortality rates (IMRs) at the points of introduction (disadvantaged mothers only) in 1938 and universalisation in 1949.

Methods

Maternity Grant introduction and universalisation were evaluated as distinct natural experimental events, using interrupted time series analysis. The outcome was IMR per 1000 live births. We analysed national data on all infants born in Finland between 1922 and 1975, estimating step and trend changes in the outcome following the point of intervention. Sensitivity analyses included truncating the pre-intervention period and a double break point model, incorporating terms for both introduction and universalisation.

Results

Maternity grant introduction in 1938 was associated with a step-change increase (β=14.59, 95% CI 4.30 to 24.89) in Finnish IMRs. Maternity grant universalisation in 1949 was associated with a step-change decrease (β=−14.35, 95% CI −20.94 to −7.76) in Finnish IMRs. Sensitivity analyses produced corresponding associations.

Conclusions

While we observed changes in IMRs associated with Maternity Grant introduction and universalisation, these changes cannot be disentangled from the impact of the Second World War or other relevant policy developments on infant mortality. Consequently, the relationship between the Finnish Baby Box or comparable contemporary interventions and infant mortality remains unclear.
First-in-human study of an OX40 (ivuxolimab) and 4-1BB (utomilumab) agonistic antibody combination in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Hamid Omid , Chiappori Alberto A , Thompson John A , Doi Toshihiko , Hu-Lieskovan Siwen , Eskens Ferry A L M , Ros Willeke , Diab Adi , Spano Jean-Philippe , Rizvi Naiyer A , Wasser Jeffrey S , Angevin Eric , Ott Patrick A , Forgie Alison , Yang Wenjing , Guo Cen , Chou Jeffrey , El-Khoueiry Anthony B
Published: October 2022

Background

Ivuxolimab (PF-04518600) and utomilumab (PF-05082566) are humanized agonistic IgG2 monoclonal antibodies against OX40 and 4-1BB, respectively. This first-in-human, multicenter, open-label, phase I, dose-escalation/dose-expansion study explored safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of ivuxolimab+utomilumab in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Methods

Dose-escalation: patients with advanced bladder, gastric, or cervical cancer, melanoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were unresponsive to available therapies, had no standard therapy available or declined standard therapy were enrolled into five dose cohorts: ivuxolimab (0.1–3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W)) intravenously plus utomilumab (20 or 100 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W)) intravenously. Dose-expansion: patients with melanoma (n=10) and NSCLC (n=20) who progressed on prior anti-programmed death receptor 1/programmed death ligand-1 and/or anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (melanoma) received ivuxolimab 30 mg Q2W intravenously plus utomilumab 20 mg Q4W intravenously. Adverse events (AEs) were graded per National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events V.4.03 and efficacy was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) V.1.1 and immune-related RECIST (irRECIST). Paired tumor biopsies and whole blood were collected to assess pharmacodynamic effects and immunophenotyping. Whole blood samples were collected longitudinally for immunophenotyping.

Results

Dose-escalation: 57 patients were enrolled; 2 (3.5%) patients with melanoma (0.3 mg/kg+20 mg and 0.3 mg/kg+100 mg) achieved partial response (PR), 18 (31.6%) patients achieved stable disease (SD); the disease control rate (DCR) was 35.1% across all dose levels. Dose-expansion: 30 patients were enrolled; 1 patient with NSCLC achieved PR lasting >77 weeks. Seven of 10 patients with melanoma (70%) and 7 of 20 patients with NSCLC (35%) achieved SD: median (range) duration of SD was 18.9 (13.9–49.0) weeks for the melanoma cohort versus 24.1 (14.3–77.9+) weeks for the NSCLC cohort; DCR (NSCLC) was 40%. Grade 3–4 treatment-emergent AEs were reported in 28 (49.1%) patients versus 11 (36.7%) patients in dose-escalation and dose-expansion, respectively. There were no grade 5 AEs deemed attributable to treatment. Ivuxolimab area under the concentration–time curve increased in a dose-dependent manner at 0.3–3 mg/kg doses.

Conclusions

Ivuxolimab+utomilumab was found to be well tolerated and demonstrated preliminary antitumor activity in selected groups of patients.

Trial registration number

NCT02315066.
Engagement and attrition with eHealth tools for remote monitoring in chronic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Doumen Michaël , De Cock Diederik , Van Lierde Caroline , Betrains Albrecht , Pazmino Sofia , Bertrand Delphine , Westhovens René , Verschueren Patrick
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Although eHealth tools are potentially useful for remote disease monitoring, barriers include concerns of low engagement and high attrition. We aimed to summarise evidence on patients’ engagement and attrition with eHealth tools for remotely monitoring disease activity/impact in chronic arthritis.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted for original articles and abstracts published before September 2022. Eligible studies reported quantitative measures of patients’ engagement with eHealth instruments used for remote monitoring in chronic arthritis. Engagement rates were pooled using random effects meta-analysis.

Results

Of 8246 references, 45 studies were included: 23 using smartphone applications, 13 evaluating wearable activity trackers, 7 using personal digital assistants, 6 including web-based platforms and 2 using short message service. Wearable-based studies mostly reported engagement as the proportion of days the tracker was worn (70% pooled across 6 studies). For other eHealth tools, engagement was mostly reported as completion rates for remote patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The pooled completion rate was 80%, although between-study heterogeneity was high (I293%) with significant differences between eHealth tools and frequency of PRO-collection. Engagement significantly decreased with longer study duration, but attrition varied across studies (0%–89%). Several predictors of higher engagement were reported. Data on the influence of PRO-reporting frequency were conflicting.

Conclusion

Generally high patient engagement was reported with eHealth tools for remote monitoring in chronic arthritis. However, we found considerable between-study heterogeneity and a relative lack of real-world data. Future studies should use standardised measures of engagement, preferably assessed in a daily practice setting.

Trial registeration number

The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021267936).
Level of service (LOS) assessment of stormwater infrastructure systems: a case study for cost-benefit analysis of low-impact development practices
Authors: Appiah Dorcas , Ruparathna Rajeev , Bolisetti Tirupati
Published: October 2022

Stormwater infrastructure system (SWIS) is a main component of a municipal infrastructure system that safely passes excess runoff, controls floods, and manages pollutant discharges. A comprehensive literature review has revealed that stormwater infrastructure level of service (LOS) assessment, an important step in asset management, has been abstractly defined. LOS assists in infrastructure performance assessment as well as investment decision-making. This research proposes a methodological framework for LOS assessment of SWIS and adopts the proposed method in asset management decision-making. A hierarchical framework was developed to assess the LOS by using key performance indicators. The proposed framework was demonstrated in a case study for a municipality in Southwestern ON. To improve the LOS of sub-catchments with low LOS, low-impact development (LID) controls were proposed. The cost-benefit analysis revealed that an investment of $110 950 in LIDs could increase the LOS by 26.4% (from medium to good).
Five months under ice: biologging reveals behaviour patterns of overwintering freshwater turtles
Authors: Robichaud Jessica A. , Bulté Grégory , MacMillan Heath A. , Cooke Steven J.
Published: October 2022

Winter in temperate regions is characteristically the coldest period of the year. Species in these regions adapt to freezing temperatures with physiological or behavioural mechanisms to mitigate the threats of cold exposure. For aquatic species, taking refuge under the ice minimizes the risk of experiencing freeze injury. The northern map turtle ( Graptemys geographica (LeSueur, 1817)) is one species that overwinters under the ice of lakes and rivers. Here, we observed the behaviour of free-ranging map turtles at a known overwintering site throughout an entire winter using biologgers equipped with tri-axial acceleration, temperature, and depth sensors. We observed that map turtles maintain localized locomotor activity at the overwintering site continuously during the winter. The extent and patterns of locomotor activity and habitat use varied between adult females, adult males, and juvenile females. Adult females were observed at the shallowest depths, coldest temperatures and moved the least, whereas juvenile females were observed at the deepest depths, warmest temperatures and moved the most. All groups remained at temperatures near freezing (0.98–1.39 °C) and at average depths ranging from 1.34 to 1.7 m. These behavioural patterns are consistent with a strategy to survive the winter while remaining aerobic and likely reflect differences in physiological demands.
Fixed points in supersymmetric extensions of the standard model
Authors: Hiller Gudrun , Litim Daniel F. , Moch Kevin
Published: October 2022

We search for weakly interacting fixed points in extensions of the minimally supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). Necessary conditions lead to three distinct classes of anomaly-free extensions involving either new quark singlets, new quark doublets, or a fourth generation. While interacting fixed points arise prolifically in asymptotically free theories, their existence is significantly constrained as soon as some of the non-abelian gauge sectors are infrared free. Performing a scan over $$\sim 200$$

∼
200

k different MSSM extensions using matter field multiplicities and the number of superpotential couplings as free parameters, we find mostly infrared conformal fixed points, and a small subset with ultraviolet ones. All settings predict low-scale supersymmetry-breaking and a violation of R-parity. Despite of residual interactions, the running of couplings out of asymptotically safe fixed points is logarithmic as in asymptotic freedom. Some fixed points can be matched to the Standard Model though the matching scale comes out too low. Prospects for higher matching scales and asymptotic safety beyond the MSSM are indicated.
Possibility of $$T_{c\bar{s}}(2900)$$ as the resonance-like structure induced by threshold effects
Authors: Ge Ying-Hui , Liu Xiao-Hai , Ke Hong-Wei
Published: October 2022

We investigate the process $$B\rightarrow \bar{D}D_s \pi $$

B
→

D

¯

D
s

π

via several rescattering processes. It is shown that the triangle singularity (TS) peak around the $$D^*K^*$$

D
∗

K
∗

threshold generated from the $$\chi _{c1}K^* D^*$$

χ

c
1

K
∗

D
∗

loop is relatively narrow, which may simulate the resonance-like structure $$T_{c\bar{s}}(2900)$$

T

c

s

¯

(
2900
)

recently observed by LHCb in the $$D_s\pi $$

D
s

π

spectrum. However, the TS peak around the $$D_s^*\rho $$

D
s
∗

ρ

threshold generated from the $$D^{**} D_s^* \rho $$

D

∗

∗

D
s
∗

ρ

loop is smoothed by the broad width of $$\rho $$
ρ
, which itself can hardly describe the $$T_{c\bar{s}}(2900)$$

T

c

s

¯

(
2900
)

structure. A non-resonance TS signal around the DK threshold generated from the $$\chi _{c0}K D $$

χ

c
0

K
D

loop is also predicted.
Leptonic anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments in the CP-violating NMSSM with and without inverse seesaw mechanism
Authors: Dao Thi Nhung , Le Duc Ninh , Mühlleitner Margarete
Published: October 2022

The new results on the muon anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) published by Fermilab in 2021 did not lead to a reduction of its long-pending deviation from the Standard Model (SM) value by more than 4$$\sigma $$
σ
. The explanation of this discrepancy by adding new particles to the theory puts many new physics models under tension when combined with the null results of the LHC direct searches for new particles. In this paper, we investigate the CP-violating Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the SM (NMSSM) with and without an inverse seesaw mechanism. We compute the one-loop supersymmetric contributions to the AMM and the two-loop Barr–Zee-type diagrams with effective Higgs couplings to photons for the leptonic electric dipole moments (EDMs). The effects of the extended (s)neutrino sector on the muon AMM and on the mass of the SM-like Higgs boson can be significant. Complex phases can have an important impact on the AMM. On the other hand, the stringent limits from the EDMs on the complex phases have to be taken into account. Our calculations have been implemented in the Fortran codes and which are publicly available. Besides the leptonic AMMs and EDMs, these programs can compute the Higgs boson masses and mixings, together with Higgs boson decay widths and branching ratios taking into account the most up-to-date higher-order corrections in the NMSSM with and without inverse seesaw mechanism.
Light-cone sum rule analysis of semileptonic decays $$\varLambda _b^0 \rightarrow \varLambda _c^+ \ell ^- {\overline{\nu }}_\ell $$
Authors: Duan Hui-Hui , Liu Yong-Lu , Huang Ming-Qiu
Published: October 2022

In this work, we analyze the semileptonic decay processes of $$\varLambda _b \rightarrow \varLambda _c$$

Λ
b

→

Λ
c

in the light-cone sum rule approach. In order to calculate the form factors of the $$\varLambda _b$$

Λ
b

baryon transition matrix element, we use the light-cone distribution amplitudes of $$\varLambda _b$$

Λ
b

obtained from the QCD sum rule in the heavy quark effective field theory framework. With the calculation of the six form factors of the $$\varLambda _b \rightarrow \varLambda _c$$

Λ
b

→

Λ
c

transition matrix element, the differential decay widths of $$\varLambda _b^0 \rightarrow \varLambda _c^+ \ell ^- {\overline{\nu }}_\ell (\ell = e, ~\mu , ~\tau )$$

Λ
b
0

→

Λ
c
+

ℓ
-

ν
¯

ℓ

(
ℓ
=
e
,

μ
,

τ
)

and their absolute branching fractions are obtained. Additionally, the ratio of $$R(\varLambda _c^+) \equiv {\mathcal {B}}r(\varLambda _b^0 \rightarrow \varLambda _c^+ \tau ^- {\overline{\nu }}_\tau )/{\mathcal {B}}r(\varLambda _b^0 \rightarrow \varLambda _c^+ \mu ^- {\overline{\nu }}_\mu )$$

R

(

Λ
c
+

)

≡
B
r

(

Λ
b
0

→

Λ
c
+

τ
-

ν
¯

τ

)

/
B
r

(

Λ
b
0

→

Λ
c
+

μ
-

ν
¯

μ

)

is also obtained in this work. Our results are in accord with the newest experimental result and other theoretical calculations and predictions.
Regularising experimental correlations in LHC data: theory and application to a global analysis of parton distributions
Authors: Kassabov Zahari , Nocera Emanuele R. , Wilson Michael
Published: October 2022

We show how an inaccurate determination of experimental uncertainty correlations in high-precision LHC measurements may undermine the reliability of the associated $$\chi ^2$$

χ
2

. We formulate the problem rigorously, and devise a regularisation procedure that increases the stability of the $$\chi ^2$$

χ
2

by altering the covariance matrix of the measurement as little as possible. We apply the procedure to the NNPDF4.0 global analysis of parton distribution functions that utilises a large amount of LHC measurements. We find that the regularised $$\chi ^2$$

χ
2

of the NNPDF4.0 determination is lowered by about $$3\sigma $$

3
σ

, without significantly altering the resulting PDFs upon refitting.
Unraveling the role of the thermal and laser impacts on the blackening of cinnabar in the mural paintings of Pompeii
Authors: Pérez-Diez Silvia , Larrañaga Aitor , Madariaga Juan Manuel , Maguregui Maite
Published: October 2022

The blackening of red cinnabar (α-HgS) pigment has traditionally been explained by its conversion into black metacinnabar (β-HgS). Scarce is however the scientific evidence that supports this hypothesis in polychrome artworks. As such transition occurs at around 345 °C, the thermal impact of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD could have induced this structural change of the pigment present in the mural paintings of Pompeii. This work aims to assess whether the mentioned volcanic eruption could be responsible of the cinnabar blackening through the formation of metacinnabar. The thermodiffractometry study of cinnabar-decorated fresco mock-ups stated that the formed β-HgS is not stable, observing its reversion into α-HgS. Moreover, sublimation of the cinnabar pictorial layer was registered, also when the cinnabar paint layer was protected by a coating of pyroclastic materials. In real blackened cinnabar Pompeian samples, it was not possible to identify metacinnabar by X-ray diffraction (XRD), but evidence of sublimation of mercury due to the thermal impact was observed. Hence, this blackening seems to be related mainly to the presence of calomel (Hg2Cl2) and a gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) crust as degradation products of red cinnabar and the calcite mortar, respectively, and not to the formation of metacinnabar. Finally, laser-based techniques could also induce modifications in the HgS crystalline structure, resulting in an amorphous black product. Therefore, the elemental and molecular study of the species promoted by laser impact was carried out to avoid false positives in the metacinnabar detection or when the decorated surface has been subjected to laser cleaning.

Graphical Abstract
Frequency Compensation Network for Three-Stage CMOS Operational Amplifier
Authors: Zanjani Masoud Soltani , Biabanifard Ali
Published: October 2022

The rapid advancements of CMOS integrated circuits technologies lead designers to cascade structures and avoiding cascode amplifiers. As a result, frequency compensation becomes the most important issue since multi-stage amplifiers are highly potential to instability. Here in this work, two differential stages are exploited to form frequency compensation network. These stages realize four Miller loops and share each Miller capacitor in two loops simultaneously. This intensifies Miller effect to improve frequency response due to pole-zero cancellation. The proposed three stage amplifier is modeled symbolically via a transfer function (TF) while 0.18um CMOS technology is used for circuit simulation. Good agreement between theoretical calculation and simulation results shows validity and accuracy of the TF. Also ample simulations are performed to exhibit the proposed amplifier performance against parameters mismatches. The proposed three stage amplifier expresses 105 dB as DC-gain, 4.8 MHz as Gain Band Width and 72 degree as Phase Margin. The amplifier consumes 360 uW as power consumption. This performance obviously is an improvement of Nested Miller Compensation (NMC) while Figure of Merits (FoMs) are enhunced.
DSM-IDM-YOLO: Depth-wise Separable Module and Inception Depth-wise Module Based YOLO for Pedestrian Detection
Authors: Panigrahi Sweta , Raju U. S. N.
Published: October 2022

Pedestrian detection is one of the most challenging research areas in computer vision. Compared to traditional hand-crafted methods, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have superior detection results. The single-stage detection networks, particularly the state-of-the-art You Only Look Once (YOLO) network, have attained a satisfactory performance without compromising the computation speed in object detection. YOLO framework can be leveraged in pedestrian detection as well. In this work, we propose an improved YOLOv2, called DSM-IDM-YOLO. The proposed model uses a modified DarkNet19 integrated with three new modules, two depth-wise separable convolution modules and one inception depth-wise convolution module, leading to a comprehensive feature of an object in the image. The modules are integrated on top of features from multiple levels of the network. The proposed framework is computationally less expensive owing to its convolution design and a moderate number of layers. It aims to improve performance with minimal computational overhead. The proposed method is compared with state-of-the-art detection methods, i.e., Faster R-CNN, YOLOv2, YOLOv3, YOLOv4-tiny and Single Shot Multibox Detector (SSD). The performance results attest that the proposed method has effectively improved the detection. Three benchmark pedestrian datasets are used for experimental analysis: INRIA, PASCAL VOC 2012 and Caltech.
INVESTIGATION OF CORROSION AND ADHESION BEHAVIORS OF BORONIZED ASP® 2012 STEEL
Authors: KAYALI YUSUF , KUL MILAT , TALAŞ ŞÜKRÜ , YALÇIN M. CEMALEDDIN
Published: October 2022

Tool steels are extensively used in sheet metal forming dies in order to prolong the life of dies and reduce the cost of production. Powder metallurgy tool steels are also alternatively preferred because of their low-risk metallurgical behavior owing to their compositions by which bulk steel would be difficult to produce, such as high amount of carbides or high alloying elements. Such advantage is desired if the steel has a narrow range of fine grain sizes and is less metallurgically affected by the heat treatment process due to having large surface area of fine grains. In this study, ASP® 2012 powder metallurgy steel containing high amounts of Si, Cr, Mo and W was selected for boronizing by the boron-giving thermochemical process. The boride layers on the surface of ASP® 2012 tool steel were metallographically characterized by various characterization techniques including adhesion strength test, SEM and XRD. The effects of corrosion kinetics and chemical composition of steel on the amount and types of boride layers formed on P/M steel of ASP® 2012 after powder-pack boriding were investigated. The results indicate that, according to the Rockwell-C indentation test, the best adhesion in the boride layer was obtained in samples borided at 850°C for 4 h, while the worst adhesion was obtained in ASP® 2012 steel boronized at 950°C for 4 h. Corrosion rates of boronized ASP® 2012 steel were decreased compared to nonboronized ASP® 2012 steel.
On derivations of differential Ore extensions
Authors: Abella Andrés , Pan Iván
Published: October 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a derivation of a ring [Formula: see text], and let [Formula: see text] be the differential Ore extension of [Formula: see text] defined by putting [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text]. We describe the derivations of [Formula: see text] extending a derivation of [Formula: see text] and we deduce an explicit description of every derivation of [Formula: see text] in the case where [Formula: see text] is the polynomial ring [Formula: see text] over a field [Formula: see text]. As an application, we compute the first Hochschild cohomology group of [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]; for [Formula: see text] a conjectural result is proposed.
Generalized Tate cohomology and Avramov–Martsinkovsky type sequences
Authors: Wang Zhanping
Published: October 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be an abelian category with enough projectives. In the category of [Formula: see text]-complexes, we introduce generalized Tate cohomology with respect to subcategories, and show that there is an Avramov–Martsinkovsky type exact sequence connecting the absolute cohomology, relative cohomology and generalized Tate cohomology.
Tulczyjew’s triplet with an Ehresmann connection I: Trivialization and reduction
Authors: Esen Oğul , Kudeyt Mahmut , Sütlü Serkan
Published: October 2022

We study the trivialization and the reduction of Tulczyjew’s triplet, in the presence of a symmetry and an Ehresmann connection associated to it. We thus establish a geometric pathway for the Legendre transformations on singular dynamical systems.
Topological defects with generalized Hulthen–Coulomb-inverse quadratic Yukawa potential on eigenvalue solution under Aharonov–Bohm flux field
Authors: Ahmed Faizuddin
Published: October 2022

In this work, we solve the radial Schrödinger wave equation in three dimensions under Aharonov–Bohm (AB)-flux field with potential superposition of generalized q-deformed Hulthen potential, Coulomb potential, and inverse quadratic Yukawa potential in a point-like defect. We determine the approximate eigenvalue solution using the parametric Nikiforov–Uvarov (NU) method and analyze the effects of topological defect and the magnetic flux field with this superposed potential. We show an analogous of the AB effect because the eigenvalue solution depends on the geometric quantum phase and bound state solutions are possible under condition. Finally, we utilize the approximate eigenvalue solution to some molecular potential models, such as Deng–Fan potential and inverse quadratic Hulthen potential and analyze the effects on the energy levels and the radial wave functions.
Extending periodic maps on surfaces over the 4-sphere
Authors: Wang Shicheng , Wang Zhongzi
Published: October 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be the closed orientable surface of genus [Formula: see text]. We address the problem to extend torsion elements of the mapping class group [Formula: see text] over the 4-sphere [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be a torsion element of maximum order in [Formula: see text]. Results including:

(1) For each [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is periodically extendable over [Formula: see text] for some non-smooth embedding [Formula: see text], and not periodically extendable over [Formula: see text] for any smooth embedding [Formula: see text].

(2) For each [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is extendable over [Formula: see text] for some smooth embedding [Formula: see text] if and only if [Formula: see text].

(3) Each torsion element of order [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] is extendable over [Formula: see text] for some smooth embedding [Formula: see text] if either (i) [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is even; or (ii) [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]; or (iii) [Formula: see text]. Moreover, the conditions on [Formula: see text] in (i) and (ii) cannot be removed.