bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE POWER OF THE MICROPHONE: Podcasting as an effective instructional tool for leadership education
Authors: Bletscher Caitlin , Council Austin
Published: March 2023

The recent global COVID-19 pandemic has forced many institutions of higher education to place added consideration and focus on their virtual instruction, causing instructors to rethink their pedagogical approaches (Murphy, et al., 2020). While new pedagogical technologies are being introduced in higher education (Baker, et al. 2008), not all approaches have produced beneficial results (Heilesen, 2010). Could this new learning medium serve as an effective tool for student learning outcomes and comprehension of course concepts? The current study presents attempts to answer these questions through its exploration of student perceptions and impact of podcasting as an instructional tool within four undergraduate leadership courses. Through the use of podcasting as a means of supplemental content and assessment, these cases provide educators with foundational guidance and recommendations on how to most effectively implement different ways of podcasting into the classroom to achieve student learning outcomes. As we celebrate the 20th anniversary of JOLE and look ahead to the next twenty years, the authors suggest that one of the most important tasks for leadership educators will not only be to recognize opportunities presented by technological advances in teaching and learning (Gigliotti & Ruben, 2017), but also the use of these new technologies to meet the needs of a changed student population in a post-global pandemic world.
A REFLECTIVE REVIEW OF INSTRUCTOR AND LEARNER STORYTELLING IN LEADERSHIP EDUCATION
Authors: GuramatunhuCooper Nyasha M. , Headrick Jason
Published: March 2023

Storytelling is one of many instructional strategies used in leadership education with the promise of providing transformative learning through individual and communal meaning-making. In this application manuscript, we offer examples and discussion of how learners identify storytelling in course design and approach, and their perception of its impact in classroom experiences. We present two undergraduate leadership courses at our former respective institutions and reflect on how learner insights about storytelling can inform future course design and delivery. Framing teaching and learning as a relational enterprise, storytelling can facilitate purposeful, inclusive, ethical, and process-oriented learning when used as an instructional strategy. Additionally, our reflection provides leadership educators with a broader view of the responsibilities incurred when using storytelling and offers strategies to build trust and community in classroom spaces.
NOVICE SCHOOL PRINCIPALS IN EDUCATION AND THEIR EXPERIENCES OF PEDAGOGICAL LEADERSHIP IN PRACTICE
Authors: Jerdborg Stina
Published: March 2023

School leadership is found important for school development and student learning. Consequently, the interest in professional leadership education for principals has increased. In Sweden, professional leadership education for novice principals was made mandatory in 2010. Moreover, enhanced focus on leadership for teaching and learning in terms of ‘pedagogical leadership’ is highly topical. This study aims to deepen our knowledge of novice principals’ experiences of pedagogical leadership practices and relate these to their paths toward principalship. The study follows a qualitative and situated design and adopts a practice-based approach. Observations were conducted in the educational and workplace practices of novice principals in Sweden and interviews were conducted with principals and teachers. Using a conceptual framework of Wenger (1998), the analyses show that principals experience challenges concerning pedagogical leadership if their competence and experience are not aligned with practice and context. This mismatch seems to impair their pedagogical leadership practice. In addition, a lack of leadership experience obstructs their learning in the professional leadership education for principals.
The integration of sustainability education into child-centred practice at Wareham Tops day nursery
Authors: Siraj-Blatchford John , Willets Nicky
Published: March 2023

As a result of climate change, important changes to our daily lives will become inevitable in the coming decades and the children whom we are teaching today will spend their whole lives in this climate change era. The introduction of an effective education for sustainable citizenship is therefore essential.
We need to make sure our baby room staff members are adequately trained
Authors: Dooley Vanessa
Published: March 2023

To ensure the safety and wellbeing of babies it is essential to make sure that sufficient staff members are trained, and that the training is high quality.
The Role of Hemispheric Preference in Student Misconceptions in Biology
Authors: Lagoudakis Nektarios , Vlachos Filippos , Christidou Vasilia , Vavougios Denis , Batsila Marianthi
Published: March 2023

The various intuitive reasoning types in many cases comprise the core of students’ misconceptions about concepts, procedures and phenomena that pertain to natural sciences. Some researchers support the existence of a relatively closer connection between the right hemisphere and intuitive thought, mainly due to a notably closer relation of individual intuitive cognitive processes with specific right hemisphere regions. It has been suggested that individuals show a different preference in making use of each hemisphere’s cognitive capacity, a tendency which has been termed Hemisphericity or Hemisphere Preference. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between hemispheric preference and students’ misconceptions. A correlational explanatory research approach was implemented involving 100 seventh grade students from a public secondary school. Participants completed a hemispheric preference test and a misconceptions documentation tool. The results revealed that there wasn’t any differentiation in the mean score of misconceptions among the students with right hemispheric dominance and those with left hemispheric dominance. These findings imply a number of things: (a) the potential types of intuitive processes, that might be activated by the students, in interpreting the biology procedures and phenomena and their total resultant effect on students’ answers, probably do not have any deep connection with the right hemisphere; (b) it is also possible that students might use reflective and analytic thought more frequently than we would have expected.
Effects of a Transformative Learning Program for Developing Active Global Citizenship among Thai Students
Authors: Siritheeratharadol Peenithi , Tuntivivat Sudarat , Intarakamhang Ungsinun
Published: March 2023

This experimental research aimed to examine the effectiveness of the transformative learning program (TLP) on the active global citizenship (AGC) of 60 undergraduate students who had joined student affairs engaging in community development, working with a volunteer spirit, and community service. The participants were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups (n=30 for each group). The data were collected using the AGC Scale with a reliability of .968. Assessments were conducted three times: before, after the experiment, and follow-up. The TLP consisted of five steps: (a) Review social issues and crises contributing to disorientation; (b) Reflect critically to reach solutions; (c) Reformulate the meaning of perspectives to plan a course of action based on new perspectives; (e) Accept and improve new practices; and (f) Evaluate. MANOVA was performed to analyze the data. The results showed that students in the experimental group had a higher mean score of AGC than the control group, both after treatment and at follow-up (p < .05); the mean scores of the AGC of the experimental group after treatment and at follow-up were higher than the mean score before treatment (p < .05); and the mean score of AGC of the experimental group at follow up was higher than the score after treatment with no statistical significance. In conclusion, educational personnel could use this TLP to promote AGC for university students.
Absolute synovial polymorphonuclear neutrophil cell count as a biomarker of periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Jandl Nico M. , Kleiss Sebastian , Mussawy Haider , Beil Frank T. , Hubert Jan , Rolvien Tim
Published: March 2023

Aims

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the absolute synovial polymorphonuclear neutrophil cell (PMN) count for the diagnosis or exclusion of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total hip (THA) or knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, 147 consecutive patients with acute or chronic complaints following THA and TKA were included. Diagnosis of PJI was established based on the 2018 International Consensus Meeting criteria. A total of 39 patients diagnosed with PJI (32 chronic and seven acute) and 108 patients with aseptic complications were surgically revised.

Results

Using receiver operating characteristic curves and calculating the area under the curve (AUC), an optimal synovial cut-off value of 2,000 PMN/µl was determined (AUC 0.978 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.946 to 1)). Using this cut-off, sensitivity and specificity of absolute synovial PMN count for PJI were 97.4% (95% CI 91.2 to 100) and 93.5% (95% CI 88.9 to 98.1), respectively. Positive and negative predictive value were 84.4% (95% CI 72.7 to 93.9) and 99.0% (95% CI 96.7 to 100), respectively. Exclusion of 20 patients with acute complications improved specificity to 97.9% (95% CI 94.6 to 100). Different cut-off values for THA (< 3,600 PMN/µl) and TKA (< 2,000 PMN/µl) were identified. Absolute synovial PMN count correlated strongly with synovial alpha-defensin (AD) (r = 0.759; p < 0.001). With a positive AD result, no additional PJI could be identified in any case.

Conclusion

Absolute synovial PMN count is a widely available, rapid, cost-effective, and accurate marker in PJI diagnostics, whereas synovial AD appears to be a surrogate parameter of absolute synovial PMN count. Despite limitations in the early postoperative phase, wear, and rheumatic diseases in confirming PJI, an absolute synovial PMN count below 2,000/µl is highly suitable for ruling out PJI, with specific cut-off values for THA and TKA.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(4):373–381.
Neurological recovery after early versus delayed surgical decompression for acute traumatic spinal cord injury
Authors: Hosman Allard J. F. , Barbagallo Giuseppe , van Middendorp Joost J.
Published: March 2023

Aims

The aim of this study was to determine whether early surgical treatment results in better neurological recovery 12 months after injury than late surgical treatment in patients with acute traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI).

Methods

Patients with tSCI requiring surgical spinal decompression presenting to 17 centres in Europe were recruited. Depending on the timing of decompression, patients were divided into early (≤ 12 hours after injury) and late (> 12 hours and < 14 days after injury) groups. The American Spinal Injury Association neurological (ASIA) examination was performed at baseline (after injury but before decompression) and at 12 months. The primary endpoint was the change in Lower Extremity Motor Score (LEMS) from baseline to 12 months.

Results

The final analyses comprised 159 patients in the early and 135 in the late group. Patients in the early group had significantly more severe neurological impairment before surgical treatment. For unadjusted complete-case analysis, mean change in LEMS was 15.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 12.1 to 19.0) in the early and 11.3 (95% CI 8.3 to 14.3) in the late group, with a mean between-group difference of 4.3 (95% CI -0.3 to 8.8). Using multiply imputed data adjusting for baseline LEMS, baseline ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS), and propensity score, the mean between-group difference in the change in LEMS decreased to 2.2 (95% CI -1.5 to 5.9).

Conclusion

Compared to late surgical decompression, early surgical decompression following acute tSCI did not result in statistically significant or clinically meaningful neurological improvements 12 months after injury. These results, however, do not impact the well-established need for acute, non-surgical tSCI management. This is the first study to highlight that a combination of baseline imbalances, ceiling effects, and loss to follow-up rates may yield an overestimate of the effect of early surgical decompression in unadjusted analyses, which underpins the importance of adjusted statistical analyses in acute tSCI research.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(4):400–411.
Continuous improvement in optimizing the timing of axial, hip, and femoral fracture fixation
Authors: Vallier Heather A.
Published: March 2023

Benefits of early stabilization of femoral shaft fractures, in mitigation of pulmonary and other complications, have been recognized over the past decades. Investigation into the appropriate level of resuscitation, and other measures of readiness for definitive fixation, versus a damage control strategy have been ongoing. These principles are now being applied to fractures of the thoracolumbar spine, pelvis, and acetabulum. Systems of trauma care are evolving to encompass attention to expeditious and safe management of not only multiply injured patients with these major fractures, but also definitive care for hip and periprosthetic fractures, which pose a similar burden of patient recumbency until stabilized. Future directions regarding refinement of patient resuscitation, assessment, and treatment are anticipated, as is the potential for data sharing and registries in enhancing trauma system functionality.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(4):361–364.
Which treatment provides the best neurological outcomes in acute spinal cord injury?
Authors: Birch Nick C. , Cheung Jason P. Y. , Takenaka Shota , El Masri Wagih S.
Published: March 2023

Initial treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury remains as controversial in 2023 as it was in the early 19th century, when Sir Astley Cooper and Sir Charles Bell debated the merits or otherwise of surgery to relieve cord compression. There has been a lack of high-class evidence for early surgery, despite which expeditious intervention has become the surgical norm. This evidence deficit has been progressively addressed in the last decade and more modern statistical methods have been used to clarify some of the issues, which is demonstrated by the results of the SCI-POEM trial. However, there has never been a properly conducted trial of surgery versus active conservative care. As a result, it is still not known whether early surgery or active physiological management of the unstable injured spinal cord offers the better chance for recovery. Surgeons who care for patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries in the acute setting should be aware of the arguments on all sides of the debate, a summary of which this annotation presents.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(4):347–355.
The impact of cement fixation on early mortality in arthroplasty for hip fracture
Authors: Ramsay Niamh , Close Jacqueline C. T. , Harris Ian A. , Harvey Lara A.
Published: March 2023

Aims

Cementing in arthroplasty for hip fracture is associated with improved postoperative function, but may have an increased risk of early mortality compared to uncemented fixation. Quantifying this mortality risk is important in providing safe patient care. This study investigated the association between cement use in arthroplasty and mortality at 30 days and one year in patients aged 50 years and over with hip fracture.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used linked data from the Australian Hip Fracture Registry and the National Death Index. Descriptive analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves tested the unadjusted association of mortality between cemented and uncemented procedures. Multilevel logistic regression, adjusted for covariates, tested the association between cement use and 30-day mortality following arthroplasty. Given the known institutional variation in preference for cemented fixation, an instrumental variable analysis was also performed to minimize the effect of unknown confounders. Adjusted Cox modelling analyzed the association between cement use and mortality at 30 days and one year following surgery.

Results

The 30-day mortality was 6.9% for cemented and 4.9% for uncemented groups (p = 0.003). Cement use was significantly associated with 30-day mortality in the Kaplan-Meier survival curve (p = 0.003). After adjusting for covariates, no significant association between cement use and 30-day mortality was shown in the adjusted multilevel logistic regression (odd rati0 (OR) 1.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9 to 1.5; p = 0.366), or in the instrumental variable analysis (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.0, p=0.524). There was no significant between-group difference in mortality within 30days (hazard ratio (HR) 0.9, 95% CI 0.7to 1.1; p = 0.355) or one year (HR 0.9 95% CI 0.8 to 1.1; p = 0.328) in the Cox modelling.

Conclusion

No statistically significant difference in patient mortality with cement use in arthroplasty was demonstrated in this population, once adjusted for covariates. This study concludes that cementing in arthroplasty for hip fracture is a safe means of surgical fixation.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(3):198–204.
Parallel beam splitting and controlling system based on cascaded acousto-optic modulators
Authors: Cheng Wenhao , Zhu Guangzhi , Tang Haogang , Xu Puchang , Li Zhuoyun , Wu Minglang , Aleksei Kozlov , Zhu Xiao
Published: March 2023

In recent years, ultrashort pulse lasers (lasers) have been already widely used for providing excellent laser machining quality for the electronics industry, replication tools, and other applications. However, the major drawback of this processing is low efficiency, especially for a large number of laser ablation demands. In this paper, a beam-splitting approach based on cascaded acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) is proposed and analyzed in detail. The cascaded AOMs can split a laser beam into several beamlets with the same propagation direction. These beamlets can be switched on and off individually, and the beam pitch can be changed independently. At the same time, the experimental setup of three cascaded AOM beam splittings is built up to verify the capability of the high-speed control (switching rate:1 MHz), high-energy utilization rate (>96% at three AOMs), and high-energy splitting uniformity (nonuniformity: 3.3%). This scalable approach enables the processing of arbitrary surface structures with high quality and efficiency.
Evolution of research funding for neglected tropical diseases in Brazil, 2004–2020
Authors: Melo Gabriela Bardelini Tavares , Angulo-Tuesta Antonia , Silva Everton Nunes da , Santos Thaís da Silva , Uchimura Liza Yurie Teruya , Obara Marcos Takashi
Published: March 2023

Neglected tropical diseases are a global public health problem. Although Brazil is largely responsible for their occurrence in Latin America, research funding on the subject does not meet the population’s health needs. The present study analyzed the evolution of research funding for neglected tropical diseases by the Ministry of Health and its partners in Brazil, from 2004 to 2020. This is a retrospective study of data from investigations registered on Health Research (Pesquisa Saúde in Portuguese), a public repository for research funded by the Ministry of Health’s Department of Science and Technology. The temporal trend of funding and the influence of federal government changes on funding were analyzed using Prais-Winster generalized linear regression. From 2004 to 2020, 1,158 studies were financed (purchasing power parity (PPP$) 230.9 million), with most funding aimed at biomedical research (81.6%) and topics involving dengue, leishmaniasis and tuberculosis (60.2%). Funding was stationary (annual percent change of -5.7%; 95%CI -54.0 to 45.0) and influenced by changes to the federal government. Research funding was lacking for chikungunya, Chagas disease, schistosomiasis, malaria and taeniasis/cysticercosis, diseases with a high prevalence, burden or mortality rates in Brazil. Although the Ministry of Health had several budgetary partners, it was the main funder, with 69.8% of investments. The study revealed that research funding for neglected tropical diseases has stagnated over the years and that diseases with a high prevalence, burden and mortality rate receive little funding. These findings demonstrate the need to strengthen the health research system by providing sustainable funding for research on neglected tropical diseases that is consistent with the population’s health needs.
Self/other distinction in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) assessed with a double mirror paradigm
Authors: Lavenne-Collot Nathalie , Tersiguel Marie , Dissaux Nolwenn , Degrez Céline , Bronsard Guillaume , Botbol Michel , Berthoz Alain
Published: March 2023

Background

Self/other distinction (SOD), which refers to the ability to distinguish one’s own body, actions, and mental representations from those of others, is an essential skill for effective social interaction. A large body of clinical evidence suggests that disruptions in SOD may be key to social communication deficits in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In particular, egocentric biases have been found in cognitive, affective, behavioural, and motor domains. However, research in this area is scarce and consists of recognition paradigms that have used only static images; these methods may be insufficient for assessing SOD, given the increasing role of embodiment in our understanding of the pathophysiology of ASD.

Method

A single-centre, prospective pilot study was carried out to investigate, for the first time, self-recognition and SOD in seven adolescents with ASD compared with matched, typically developing controls (TDCs) using the "Alter Ego"TM double mirror paradigm. The participants viewed a double mirror in which their own face was gradually morphed into the face of an unfamiliar other (self-to-other sequence) or vice versa (other-to-self sequence); participants were instructed to indicate at which point the morph looked more like their own face than the other’s face. Two judgement criteria were used: 1) M1: the threshold at which subjects started to recognize their own face during the other-to-self morphing sequence; 2) M2: the threshold at which subjects started to recognize the other’s face during the self-to-other morphing sequence.

Results

Consistent with the predictions, the results showed that the participants with ASD exhibited earlier self-recognition in the other-to-self sequence and delayed other-recognition in the self-to-other sequence, suggesting an egocentric bias. SOD impairments were also marginally correlated with ASD severity, indicating earlier face recognition in more severely affected individuals. Furthermore, in contrast with that of TDCs, the critical threshold for switching between self and other varied with the direction of morphing in ASD participants. Finally, these differences in face recognition and SOD using mirrors, unlike previous research using static images, support the central place of bodily self-consciousness in SOD impairments.

Conclusions

Although additional research is needed to replicate the results of this preliminary study, it revealed the first behavioural evidence of altered SOD in ASD individuals on an embodied, semiecological face-recognition paradigm. Implications for understanding ASD are discussed from a developmental perspective, and new research and therapeutic perspectives are presented.
In the quest for effective factors of satisfaction with life: Insights from intra-couple interaction and financial management variables
Authors: Baryła-Matejczuk Monika , Poleszak Wiesław , Filipek Kamil , Cwynar Andrzej , Żółtak Tomasz
Published: March 2023

The aim of the study was to investigate the factors affecting life satisfaction with reference to particular reports from both partners in the relationship. The study was conducted within a group of 500 heterosexual couples. The accuracy of the actor-partner interdependence models (APIM) which offer in-depth insights into the dyadic relationships between female and male partners were estimated. The results of the chi-square test enabled us to reject the hypothesis of actor indistinguishability, therefore the model proposing distinguishability with respect to gender was explored further. The results suggest that women’s credit management behavior patterns predict changes in her assessment of well-being. Moreover, the financial behavior patterns of women have an impact on the assessment of well-being as reported by their male partners. Moreover, shared goals and values turned out to be significant with regard to the assessment of quality of life for both women and men. The obtained results provide an insight into the difficulties experienced within relationships and indicate the importance of the roles assumed in various areas of financial management.
Using AlphaFold to predict the impact of single mutations on protein stability and function
Authors: Pak Marina A. , Markhieva Karina A. , Novikova Mariia S. , Petrov Dmitry S. , Vorobyev Ilya S. , Maksimova Ekaterina S. , Kondrashov Fyodor A. , Ivankov Dmitry N.
Published: March 2023

AlphaFold changed the field of structural biology by achieving three-dimensional (3D) structure prediction from protein sequence at experimental quality. The astounding success even led to claims that the protein folding problem is “solved”. However, protein folding problem is more than just structure prediction from sequence. Presently, it is unknown if the AlphaFold-triggered revolution could help to solve other problems related to protein folding. Here we assay the ability of AlphaFold to predict the impact of single mutations on protein stability (ΔΔG) and function. To study the question we extracted the pLDDT and  metrics from AlphaFold predictions before and after single mutation in a protein and correlated the predicted change with the experimentally known ΔΔG values. Additionally, we correlated the same AlphaFold pLDDT metrics with the impact of a single mutation on structure using a large scale dataset of single mutations in GFP with the experimentally assayed levels of fluorescence. We found a very weak or no correlation between AlphaFold output metrics and change of protein stability or fluorescence. Our results imply that AlphaFold may not be immediately applied to other problems or applications in protein folding.
Psychological factors affecting potential users’ intention to use autonomous vehicles
Authors: Huang Tianyang
Published: March 2023

As a currently emerging technology and an emerging intelligent mode of transport, autonomous vehicles (AVs) with lots of potential advantages need attention in terms of acceptability of their users. This research incorporates three psychological factors of perceived trust, perceived value, and perceived enjoyment into the technology acceptance model, and explores the influence of these factors on the potential use intention of AVs users. In this study, the questionnaire data from 232 participants were analysed, and the structural equation model test study model was adopted, and nine hypotheses proposed in this study were verified. The results show that perceived enjoyment, perceived trust, perceived usefulness, and attitude have a direct positive impact on users’ usage intentions. Perceived value, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use have a direct positive impact on user attitudes. In addition, perceived ease of use has also been shown to directly affect perceived usefulness. This study constructs and demonstrates a model of autonomous vehicle acceptance. This model can be used for user acceptance research of unmanned vehicles. The research expands the theory of technology acceptance model and its applicable fields, and enriches the theory of user research on unmanned vehicles. This study provides predictors of AVs acceptance for AVs designers, automakers, automotive policy makers, and related practitioners. Help them make actionable autonomous vehicle-related decisions to promote high-acceptance autonomous vehicle design and user intent for autonomous vehicles.
Influence of different grinding degrees of fly ash on properties and reaction degrees of geopolymers
Authors: Sun Qingwei , Zhao Siyuan , Zhao Xuzhe , Song Yu , Ban Xinyu , Zhang Ni
Published: March 2023

This study reports the preparation of geopolymers with a mechanical performance similar to that of cement at room temperature by ground fly ash mixed with a small amount of cement. The grinding time of fly ash raw materials was 0,20,40 and 60 min, respectively. The influence of the grinding degree of the fly ash on the properties and the reaction degree of the geopolymer were investigated by XRD, SEM, EDS, and mercury compression tests. The reaction degree of the fly ash geopolymer was quantified by the selective dissolution method. Increasing the grinding degree of fly ash significantly increased the compressive strength of the geopolymer and the density of the microstructure of materials also increased. Furthermore, porosity and the average pore size decreased and the proportion of small holes in the pores gradually increased. The calculation results were in coincidence with the compressive strength test and the micro-performance test of the material, thus indicating that the selective dissolution method can reflect the influence of the grinding degree on the reaction degree of the geopolymer. Furthermore, the reaction degree of the geopolymer increased as the grinding degree of the fly ash increased. However, the growth rate of the reaction degree for the geopolymer slowed down when the fly ash was ground for more than 40 min.
Analysis of the impact of traditional ethnic villages in Hani area on sustainable development
Authors: Ma Xinying , Shi Yu , Zhang Shidong , Yang Jingbiao , Guo Luo
Published: March 2023

Rapid economic development and accelerated urbanization have seriously affected the development of traditional ethnic villages in China. We used the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model based on land use, landscape pattern, and ecosystem service value (ESV) to evaluate the spatio-temporal dynamics of sustainable development in Hani traditional ethnic villages from 1995 to 2020. By analyzing changes in sustainability indicators in the Hani area and different buffer zones, this paper aims to assess the impact of ethnic villages in the Hani Area on sustainable development and provide recommendations for the sustainable development of traditional ethnic Hani villages. The results indicated that: (1) The area of construction land and landscape fragmentation in the Hani area significantly increased and the value of ecosystem services and levels of sustainable development decreased each year during the study period; (2) The area of cropland in the 2 km buffer zone of the traditional ethnic villages increased, the degree of landscape fragmentation, the value of ecosystem services, and the level of sustainable development were lower than in the 4 km buffer zone during the study period. This is due to population increases in traditional ethnic Hani villages, as well as the intensive reclamation of cropland, increased construction land, and landscape fragmentation. We suggest that the Hani should implement scientific land planning and management policies to protect the local ecosystem and realize the sustainable development of traditional ethnic Hani villages.
Sentinel SARI surveillance in Belgium in times of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Barbezange Cyril
Published: March 2023

Sentinel severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance was recommended by WHO following the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus pandemic.It uses a case definition based on clinical criteria, making it relevant to monitor the severity of other respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2.The Belgian sentinel SARI network is composed of six representative hospitals. The original case definition was based on the 2014 WHO SARI case definition. Following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, a more exhaustive list of symptoms was reported by the hospitals, in addition to basic demographic data, information on known risk factors/comorbidities, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status, administration of antiviral or antibiotics, complications during hospitalization, and outcome. Respiratory samples were sent to the National influenza center for RT-qPCR testing for influenza virus, SARS-CoV-2 and 16 other respiratory viruses.During the first phase of the pandemic (Feb–March 2020), the SARI network operated normally (covering the end of the influenza epidemic) and was able to capture the local spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Belgium at the same time as the national emergency monitoring. In phase 2 (May 2020–January 2021), coinciding with the first waves of the pandemic when the strongest Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions were in place, the SARI surveillance was disrupted due to a high workload in the hospitals dealing with the surge of hospitalized COVID-19 cases. In phase 3 (January–December 2021), the SARI surveillance resumed in a lighter mode (using comprehensive sampling on specific days to provide more flexibility to the hospitals). The adapted method enabled us to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic and the resurgence of other respiratory viruses such as RSV and parainfluenza viruses, and to contribute to European COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness studies. Phase 4 started in January 2022, with the re-emergence of seasonal influenza viruses and their co-circulation with SARS-CoV-2.
Review of Nitride-Based Multifunctional PVD-Deposited Coatings
Authors: Ardila-Tellez Luis-Carlos , Orozco-Hernandez Giovany , Estupiñan-Mongui Fredy , Moreno-Téllez Carlos-Mauricio , Olaya-Florez Jhon-Jairo
Published: March 2023

The success of a functional coating is intrinsically linked to the improvement of its surface properties, as it is the surface that will be in direct contact with the environment and mechanical stresses when the material is used in severe wear, fatigue, or corrosion applications. It has been shown, for example, by increasing mechanical properties, that factors such as surface hardness increase the durability of the coating/substrate system. Consequently, current research on the design and development of multifunctional coatings for surface engineering within mechanical systems must address surface treatment and modification techniques. This article is a bibliographic review of coatings with industrial applications regarding transition metal nitrides deposited with physical vapor deposition (PVD) techniques such as sputtering and cathodic arc.
Loathly Ladies’ Lessons: Negotiating Structures of Gender In “The Tale of Florent”, “The Wife of Bath’s Tale” And “The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnelle”
Authors: Znojemská Helena
Published: March 2023

Gower’s “Tale of Florent”, Chaucer’s “Wife of Bath’s Tale” and the anonymous romance “The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnelle” are three late-medieval English texts that repeatedly confront their male protagonists with the problem of female desire, asking them, at each crucial stage of plot development, to acknowledge women’s sovereignty in both the senses of “autonomy” and “power”. It might seem that in so doing they express a critical view of established period ideas of appropriate gender roles. However, a closer look at the individual plot configurations in which the theme is explored in these texts shows a more complex set of attitudes at play; ultimately, they reveal the tensions among the various hierarchies of women’s (and men’s) positions which the culture sustains. At the same time, their account of a contestation of sovereignty between genders develops into a commentary on other kinds of social hierarchy, other concepts of control. Finally, the texts also negotiate the limits of the generic framework in which they operate and of the value system which it embodies.
“I Never Lik’d Thee Half So Well In Petticoats”: The Disguise Of Gender In Restoration Drama
Authors: Nováková Soňa
Published: March 2023

The arrival of actresses during the Restoration greatly affected the presentation of female characters, since the body of the woman on the stage was heavily sexualised. Actresses concretised the erotics of the Restoration playhouse and theatregoers took much pleasure in seeing actresses perform in roles that were fashioned to exploit the possibilities offered by the presence of women. Dramatists often put women in trousers, in what were known as “breeches roles”, as a way of displaying women’s bodies. Compared to the multi-layered functions of cross-dressing in Renaissance drama, such disguise became frequently a titillating device. However, there are several plays in this period that employ the cross-dressing motif to offer a more subversive critique of conventional attitudes toward female sexuality. This article will focus on Aphra Behn’s The Widdow Ranter (1690) and Thomas Southerne’s Sir Anthony Love (1691), plays which feature an androgynous central figure, a woman whose male dress is not a temporary disguise, a mask, but an expression of her character. Sir Anthony Love/Lucia uses the freedom of male dress to enjoy, express and enrich herself, and lay her own snares. An androgynous figure of a different type plays a prominent part in the comic plotline of Behn’s tragicomic The Widdow Ranter. Ranter swears, smokes a pipe, drinks punch and plans to fight a duel with her lover as a way of courting him. Such Amazon figures are often introduced in Restoration drama only to be ultimately subdued by men. As this article intends to prove, that is not the case in these two plays. However, subverting the double standard by ignoring it is possible only because of the plays’ settings: fantasy France and pastoral America.
Praga Magica: Prague as a Place of Memory and Vision in George Eliot, Anthony Trollope and George Sand
Authors: Beran Zdeněk
Published: March 2023

George Eliot and Anthony Trollope made short visits to Prague in the mid-19th century and were fascinated by such places as the Jewish Quarter with its old synagogue or Charles Bridge with its Baroque statues. They used these motifs in some of their works: Eliot in The Lifted Veil and Daniel Deronda and Trollope in Nina Balatka. Their portrayal of Prague, however, is very much based on the image of Praga magica, the Prague of legends, mysteries and magic. This article argues that the shift of focus from the Jewish Prague to the statue of St John of Nepomuk, which appears in The Lifted Veil and in Nina Balatka, might have been motivated not only by their admiration of the bridge decorations which they saw during their visits but also by the semantically rich motif of the saint’s statue in George Sand’s Consuelo, a novel which was very popular in Britain at that time.
Stories We Tell About Ourselves And Others: Identity And Narration in Julian Barnes’s Oeuvre
Authors: Nagy Ladislav
Published: March 2023

Julian Barnes’s second to last book to date, The Man in the Red Coat (2019), is a work of non-fiction, devoted to the life of the renowned Parisian surgeon Samuel Jean de Pozzi. It is, however, a special kind of nonfiction – in fact, the book illuminates in many ways the narrative practices in Barnes’s work in general. At the same time, it touches on a theme that permeates all of Barnes’s fictional work, namely the construction of identity through the stories we tell about ourselves and that others tell about us. Storytelling thus emerges as a fundamental human trait: it is our responsibility to narrate, for it is only in telling stories that we can grasp the world around us.
“If Only They’d Stop Waiting”: Staging Western Canadian Drama In Central Europe
Authors: Kolinská Klára
Published: March 2023

The best of contemporary theatre in Western Canada presents stories of the historical, cultural, and ethnic diversity of the region while taking a critical stand against the traditional stereotypes of “prairie realism and cowboy iconography” which contributed to the creation of its social, as well as artistic awareness. Western Canadian playwrights reflect in their works the wide multicultural spectrum of their region, without writing mere “ethnic theatre” with limited readability and appeal. This is documented by several instances of producing Western Canadian drama “out of its context” – specifically in Central Europe. In the Czech Republic, it was the productions of Brad Fraser’s Kill Me Now by theatres in Ostrava and Mladá Boleslav in 2017 and 2019, respectively, and the production of Vern Thiessen’s play Lenin’s Embalmers by a Liberec theatre which premiered in December 2017. The article discusses the productions of Western Canadian plays by Czech theatres, with special focus on the dramaturgical decisions and theatrical presentations concerned, as well as on the critical and audience response the productions have received, with the aim to demonstrate that Western Canadian drama presents not only a valuable source for cultural and theatrological study, but also inspiring material for meaningful stage productions in Czech – and potentially European – theatres.
Fujita-type theorems for a quasilinear parabolic differential inequality with weighted nonlocal source term
Authors: Li Yuepeng , Fang Zhong Bo
Published: March 2023

This work is concerned with the nonexistence of nontrivial nonnegative weak solutions for a quasilinear parabolic differential inequality with weighted nonlocal source term in the whole space, which involves weighted polytropic filtration operator or generalized mean curvature operator. We establish the new critical Fujita exponents containing the first and second types. The key ingredient of the technique in proof is the test function method developed by Mitidieri and Pohozaev. No use of comparison and maximum principles or assumptions on symmetry or behavior at infinity of the solutions are required.
An Exploration of Learning Satisfaction and Problems on Synchronous Online Teaching Mode in an English Comprehensive Reading Course During the COVID-19 Epidemic Period
Authors: Ma Guihua
Published: March 2023

In order to explore the learning satisfaction and problems of the synchronous online teaching mode in an English comprehensive reading course during the COVID-19 epidemic period, this study constructed a synchronous online teaching mode based on the theory of community of inquiry and practiced it for one semester. The participants were 60 second-year English education majors, and the research methods were surveys and interviews. The study found that most students were satisfied with the synchronous online teaching mode adopted in this course; the synchronous online teaching mode helped improve learning outcomes; there were problems of distraction and lack of sustained attention in the synchronous online teaching mode. Based on the findings, suggestions were put forward to improve the learning satisfaction of online teaching, in order to provide references for enhancing the quality of foreign language online teaching and blended teaching in the post-epidemic era.
Student Engagement With Peer Feedback in L2 Writing: A Multiple Case Study of Chinese Secondary School Students
Authors: Yan Qiuyan , Tang Chen
Published: March 2023

While the past few decades have witnessed a growing body of research on peer feedback and student engagement, little attention has been paid to student engagement with peer feedback in the secondary school classrooms. Based on multiple qualitative data including semi-structured interviews, stimulated recall, original, revised and final writing drafts as well as peer discussion recordings, this case study investigated how secondary school students engaged with peer feedback in behavior, cognition, and affect from both the feedback giver’s and receiver’s perspectives and what factors may influence their engagement with peer feedback. Data analysis showed that 1) student engagement with both giving and receiving peer feedback demonstrated dynamic and complex interactions among three dimensions; 2) students were engaged with peer feedback in different ways while playing the roles of feedback givers and receivers, showing deep engagement as a giver and superficial engagement as a receiver, and vice versa; 3) factors such as language proficiency, self-efficacy, personality and teachers’ guidance were found to influence student engagement with peer feedback. By shedding light on the multi-dimensional characteristics of students’ engagement from bidirectional perspectives, the study offers suggestions for educational practitioners to improve English learners’ engagement with peer feedback in L2 writing classes.
Humor comprehension and appreciation: an analysis of Italian jokes
Authors: Heintz Sonja , Forabosco Giovannantonio , Dionigi Alberto , Cioni Filippo
Published: March 2023

Humor comprehension and appreciation are two basic domains of humor research and central stages in humor processing. In the present study, 238 Italian adults rated 20 jokes to investigate how a humor comprehension task influences subsequent funniness ratings. Additionally, the relationships between humor comprehension and funniness were investigated for the total set of jokes, for individual jokes, and for jokes with different contents (neutral or tendentious) and difficulty (elementary or advanced). Comparing participants who performed only the funniness ratings with participants who first performed a humor comprehension task showed that funniness scores were reduced in the humor comprehension condition. Humor comprehension and funniness were positively related at the level of individual jokes, while these effects were less pronounced in the analyses across jokes. Overall, advanced-neutral jokes showed the most pronounced differences. The study thus showed that the level of analysis (individual jokes vs. aggregating across jokes), content and difficulty of jokes should be taken into account when relating humor comprehension and appreciation. Additionally, it should be considered that humor comprehension tasks can bias humor appreciation ratings. Hence, the measurement and interplay between these humor domains deserves more attention in research.
A Welfare Economic Approach to Planetary Boundaries
Authors: Sureth Michael , Kalkuhl Matthias , Edenhofer Ottmar , Rockström Johan
Published: March 2023

The crises of both the climate and the biosphere are manifestations of the imbalance between human extractive, and polluting activities and the Earth’s regenerative capacity. Planetary boundaries define limits for biophysical systems and processes that regulate the stability and life support capacity of the Earth system, and thereby also define a safe operating space for humanity on Earth. Budgets associated to planetary boundaries can be understood as global commons: common pool resources that can be utilized within finite limits. Despite the analytical interpretation of planetary boundaries as global commons, the planetary boundaries framework is missing a thorough integration into economic theory. We aim to bridge the gap between welfare economic theory and planetary boundaries as derived in the natural sciences by presenting a unified theory of cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis. Our pragmatic approach aims to overcome shortcomings of the practical applications of CEA and CBA to environmental problems of a planetary scale. To do so, we develop a model framework and explore decision paradigms that give guidance to setting limits on human activities. This conceptual framework is then applied to planetary boundaries. We conclude by using the realized insights to derive a research agenda that builds on the understanding of planetary boundaries as global commons.