bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Auto-Planning for Left-Side Breast Cancer After Breast-Conserving Surgery Based on Geometrical Relationship
Authors: Li Yijiang , Bai Han , Huang Danju , Chen Feihu , Liu Xuhong , Yan Jiawen , Zhu Sijin , Xia Yaoxiong
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate (1) the performance of Auto-Planning module embedded in Pinnnacle treatment planning system (TPS) with 30 left-side breast cancer plans; (2) the dose-distance relations based on overlap volume histogram (OVH) curve.Method30 patients with left-side breast cancer after breast-serving surgery were enrolled in this study. The clinical manual plan (MP) and the automatic plan (AP) were generated by Monaco and Auto-planning module respectively. The geometric relations between organ at risk (OAR) and planning target volume (PTV) of each patient were described by the overlap volume histogram (OVH). The patients were ranked according to the extension distance from PTV at a specific volume on the OVH curve. The MP and AP plans then were ranked to compare with the ranking of the OVH curves. Dosimetric difference between MP and AP plans were evaluated with statistical analysis.ResultThe comparative result shows a higher degree of correlation between AP and OVH curve. For different indicators, the dose distribution of , , in ipsilateral lung is more consistent with the distance-dose relation compared to the dose distribution of in heart. Dosimetric comparison shows a statistically significant improvement in ipsilateral lung and , and in heart of AP plans compared to MP plans. However, the result of ipsilateral lung of MP plans are better than that of AP plans.ConclusionThe overall results of AP plans are superior to MP plans. The dose distribution in AP plans are more consistent with the distance-dose relationship, which was described by OVH. After eliminating the interference of human factors, the AP is able to provide more stable and objective plans for radiotherapy patients.
Treatment Planning Comparison of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy With Trilogy and Halcyon for Bilateral Breast Cancer 
Authors: Sun Tao , Lin Xiutong , Zhang Guifang , Qiu Qingtao , Li Chengqiang , Yin Yong
Published: October 2020

Background: To evaluate the dosimetry of Halcyon in treatment of bilateral breast cancer with volumetric modulated arc therapy. Methods: On CT images of 10 patients with bilateral breast cancer, four Halcyon plans with different setup fields were generated and dosimetric comparisons were conducted among the four plans to select an optimal setup field mode. The four setup-field plans were referred to as CBCT-H, CBCT-L, MV-H, MV-L. Whole and partial arc plans on Trilogy and Halcyon referred to as T-4arc, T-8arc, H-4arc and H-8arc were designed. The dosimetric differences between whole and partial arc plans in the same accelerator were compared to understand the most suitable field setting mode. The better Halcyon plan was selected to the further dosimetric comparison of the plan quality and delivery efficiency between Trilogy and Halcyon. Results: CBCT-H plans increased Dmean, D2 and V107 of planning target volume (PTV) and V5 and Dmean of the heart, left ventricle (LV) and lungs compared to other plans. No significantly dosimetric differences were observed in PTV and organs at risk (OARs) among CBCT-L, MV-H and MV-L. The mean dose and low dose volume of heart, lungs and liver were significantly decreased in T-8arc plans. In terms of V5, V20, V30, V40 and Dmean of the heart, V20, V30, V40 and Dmean of the LV, V30, V40, Dmax and Dmean of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), V5 and V40 of lungs, H-8arc was significantly higher than H-4arc (p<0.05). Compared to Trilogy’s plans, Halcyon’s plans reduced the high-dose volume of the heart and LV, but increased the mean dose of the heart. For the dose of the LAD and the V20, V30 of lungs, there was no statistical difference between the two accelerators. Compared with Trilogy, plans on Halcyon significantly increased the skin dose, but also significantly reduced the delivery time. Conclusion: For Halcyon, the whole-arc plans has more dosimetric advantages in bilateral breast cancer radiotherapy. Although the mean dose of the heart and the skin dose are increased, the dose of the cardiac substructure and other OARs are comparable to the Trilogy, and the delivery time is significantly reduced.
Towards Improved Clustering and Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Alharbi Mohammad , Kolberg Mario , Zeeshan Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Wireless sensor network (WSN)-based Internet of Things (IoT) applications suffer from issues including limited battery capacity, frequent disconnections due to multihop communication and a shorter transmission range. Researchers propose different but isolated clustering and routing solutions that are inefficient in terms of energy efficiency and network connectivity in IoT-based WSNs. In this work, we emphasize the importance of considering the context of IoT applications that have further requirements for dedicated data collection per node. We address two interlinked issues, clustering and routing, in a large-scale IoT-based WSN. We propose an improved clustering and routing (ICR) protocol to jointly solve both of these issues. Improved clustering and routing provide area-based clustering derived from the transmission range of network nodes. This clustering also develops a strong network backbone that provides fail-over-proof routing. An efficient routing path is achieved by finding the minimal hop count with the availability of alternate routing paths. The results are compared with state-of-the-art benchmark protocols, Joint Clustering and Routing (JCR), Low Energy Adaptive Hierarchical Clustering (LEACH) and other recent protocols. Theoretical and simulation results demonstrate reliable network topology, improved network lifetime, efficient node density management and improved overall network capacity.
Incidental Extraspinal Imaging Findings on Adult EOS Full Body Radiographs: Prevalence and Clinical Importance
Authors: Wood Lily , Martin Christopher , Polly David , Luchsinger Samuel , Takahashi Takashi
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to review our institutional experience with the EOS machine in order to identify the incidence and clinical significance of incidental extraspinal findings (IESF) in an adult spinal deformity population.MethodsOur institutional database was queried for all full-length standing radiographs generated by the EOS machine. Dictations were reviewed and the number of incidental extraspinal findings were classified using a previously described system. All findings related to the spine were excluded. A subset of electronic medical records were reviewed to determine further workup for individual findings of suspected clinical significance. Results1857 EOS studies were identified. 503 patient studies (55.5% female, mean age 59-years-old, range 18 to 91-years-old) met inclusion criteria. 60.4% of dictations had at least one incidental extraspinal finding reported, most were classified as Minor. The rate of Major and Moderate findings was 4.8%. The final rate of clinically significant incidental extraspinal findings was 0.8% and included 3 presumed metastatic lesions in long bones and 1 pulmonary nodule.ConclusionTo our knowledge this is the first study that reports the rate of incidental extraspinal findings on full body EOS studies. We report a low rate (0.8%) of clinically significant incidental extraspinal findings which is lower than that of CT or MRI. Further research is warranted in comparing EOS and standard radiography.
Assessment of Chronic Allograft Injury in Renal Transplantation Using Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging
Authors: Zheng Xin , Li Min , Wang Pan , Li Xiangnan , Zhang Qiang , Zeng Song , Jiang Tao , Hu Xiaopeng
Published: October 2020

Background: Chronic allograft injury (CAI) is a significant reason for which many grafts were lost. The study was conducted to assess the usefulness of diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) technology in the non-invasive assessment of CAI. Methods: Between February 2019 and October 2019, 110 renal allograft recipients were included to analyze relevant DKI parameters. According to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (mL/min/ 1.73m2) level, they were divided to 3 groups: group 1, eGFR≥60 (n=10); group 2, eGFR 30–60 (n=69); group 3, eGFR<30 (n=31). We performed DKI on a clinical 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. We measured the area of interest to determine the mean kurtosis (MK), mean diffusivity (MD), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the renal cortex and medulla. We performed a Pearson correlation analysis to determine the relationship between eGFR and the DKI parameters. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to estimate the predicted values of DKI parameters in the CAI evaluation. We randomly selected five patients from group 2 for biopsy to confirm CAI.Results: With the increase of creatinine, ADC, and MD of the cortex and medulla decrease, while MK of the cortex and medulla gradually increase. Among the three different eGFR groups, significant differences were found in cortical and medullary MK (P =0.039, P <0.001, P <0.001, respectively). Cortical and medullary ADC and MD are negatively correlated with eGFR (r=-0.49, -0.44, -0.57, -0.57, respectively; P<0.001), while cortical and medullary MK are positively correlated with eGFR (r=0.42, 0.38; P<0.001). When 0.491 was set as the cutoff value, MK's CAI assessment showed 87% sensitivity and 100% specificity. All five patients randomly selected for biopsy from the second group confirmed glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis.Conclusion: The DKI technique is related to eGFR as allograft injury progresses, and is expected to become a potential non-invasive method for evaluating CAI.
A Novel Xenonucleic Acid Mediated Molecular Clamping Technology for Early Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Sun Qing , Pastor Larry , Du Jinwei , Powell Michael J. , Zhang Aiguo , Bodmer Walter , Wu Jianzhong , Zheng Shu , Sha Michael Y
Published: October 2020

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Early detection is critical to reduce CRC morbidity and mortality. In order to meet this need, we developed a molecular clamping assay called the ColoScape TM for early colorectal cancer diagnostics. MethodsNineteen mutations in four genes APC, KRAS, BRAF and CTNNB1 associated with early events in CRC pathogenesis are targeted in the ColoScapeTM assay. Xenonucleic Acid (XNA) mediated qPCR clamping technology was applied to minimize the wild-type background amplification in order to improve assay sensitivity of CRC mutation detection. The assay analytical performance was verified and validated, cfDNA and FFPE CRC patient samples were evaluated, and a ROC cure was applied to evaluate its performance.ResultsThe data showed that the assay analytical sensitivity is 0.5% Variant Allele Frequency, corresponding to ~7-8 copies of mutant DNA with 5ng total DNA input per test. This assay is highly reproducible with intra-assay CV <3% and inter-assay <5%. We have investigated 380 clinical samples including plasma cfDNA and FFPE samples from patients with precancerous and different stages of CRC. The preliminary assay clinical specificity and sensitivity for CRC cfDNA were 100% (95% CI, 80.3-97.5%) and 92.2% (95% CI, 94.7-100%) respectively with AUC being about 0.96; and 96% (95% CI, 77.6-99.7%) specificity and 92% (95% CI, 86.1-95.6%) sensitivity with AUC 0.94 for CRC FFPE; and 95% specificity (95% CI, 82.5%-99.1%) and 62.5% sensitivity (95% CI, 35.8%-83.7%) with AUC 0.79 for precancerous lesions cfDNA.ConclusionsXNA mediated molecular clamping assay is a rapid, precise, and sensitive assay for the detection of precancerous lesions cfDNA and CRC cfDNA or FFPE samples.
Efficacy of intravenous infusions of UC-derived MSCs for the treatment of COVID-19: A structured summary of a phase II double blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Mehmood Azra , Tarar Moazzam Nazeer , Gottsch John D , Nawaz Zafar , Riazuddin S. Amer , Khan Aisha , Riazuddin Sheikh
Published: October 2020

In this clinical research project, we will conduct a highly rigorous clinical trial where we randomize the patients between umbilical cord (UC)-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and standard of care (SOC). This study will ask the question whether the allogenic MSCs are effective in reducing death and/or progression of COVID-19 disease when administered to patients with moderate to severe symptoms. MSCs are unique group of cells with minimal immune reactivity and produce multiple beneficial effects, which include reduction of severe inflammatory reaction. There is convincing evidence from human studies that intravenous (IV) delivery of MSCs can directly impact the hyper-inflammatory responses of COVID-19 induced injury of the heart and lungs. Our study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of allogenic UC-derived MSCs administered intravenously to COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe symptom in a randomized, controlled clinical trial. In addition, we will determine whether : (i) UC-derived MSCs are effective in reducing 30-day all-cause mortality (primary endpoint) and (ii) UC-derived MSCs are effective in preventing progression to mechanical ventilation, and/or reducing an inflammatory response, and/or improving overall patient condition (secondary endpoints).
Human Resource Management Between Economy and Ethics – Research of Serbia and Bosnia and Hercegovina
Authors: Hanić Azra , Jevtić Dragana
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses economic and ethical issues that bring about certain limitations in human resource management as one of the basic organizational functions, through which the organization’s relationship with employees is expressed. The aim of this paper is to point out the ethical dimension of human resource management as a key organizational function, which has economic, but at the same time ethical responsibilities. In elaborating this problem, we started from the basic assumption that human resource management as an organizational function and theoretical concept should balance between economic and ethical requirements, which depends on the attitudes of managers as decision makers. In addition to the analysis of the existing literature in this field, an empirical research was conducted to verify the stated assumptions on the basis of a survey questionnaire, which explored the attitudes of managers. The results were processed by statistical methods in the SPSS program. The significance of this paper derives from the importance of employees for the organization and the sensitivity of the human dimension of the organization in relation to the economic one. Bad condition in human resources management in BiH and Serbia, as the countries on which our research is focused, with unfavorable situation on the labor market, low level of perception of needs by managers and knowledge (professionalism) required for experts in this field to achieve necessary influence and affirm an effective concept and practice, opens opportunities for unethical actions of organizations. Unethical practices can be generated by ignorance, employers ’greed for quick profits, and weak institutional influence. High distance of power is an unfavorable cultural factor that encourages the arbitrariness of individuals and prevents social control of the behavior of organizations. In these wanderings and undefined directions of institutional development, in these countries there is room for corruption, poor law enforcement (incomplete reform of the judicial system), insufficiently defined protection of private property, strong influence of political parties in all spheres of life, political and economic connection, significant share of state property, etc. On the ground of egalitarian culture, high social inequality and impoverishment of the majority of the population is created, which negatively affects education, health and distracts attention from the civic control of the government. Therefore, in the research we started from the assumption that the primary evaluation of the human and social function of business and employees as a purpose, not a means, positively affects the ethical practice of human resource management, which we tested over the average response of respondents employed in different positions in the organization. The results obtained are presented in the paper.

Keywords: Business Ethics, Ethics, Employees, Economics, HRM, Organization.
Social Entrepreneurship, a Key Driver to Improve the Quality of Life: The Case of TOMS Company
Authors: Zainea Loredana Nicoleta , Toma Sorin-George , Grădinaru Cătălin , Catană Ștefan
Published: October 2020

Due to rapid evolution of new technologies and the accelerated economic and social change, many organizations have realized in recent years that in order to survive in this turbulent and competitive global environment it is necessary to take into account the needs and expectations of their stakeholders, as well as to make the labour relationships more flexible and to adopt a socially responsible behaviour. Social enterprises may be the solution as they represent a business model adapted to the 21st century, which through their activity create a balance between economic, financial, cultural, social and environmental needs. In fact, last decades have witnessed the emergence and development of concepts such as social economy and enterprise, social entrepreneurship. As a driver of innovation, job creation and economic growth, social entrepreneurship can and should contribute to economic well-being and social progress. On this line, it is worth to emphasize that the activities of social entrepreneurs may have an appreciable impact on the quality of life of people around the world. Also, social entrepreneurship represents a complex and multidimensional concept that has constituted a topic of great significance for numerous researchers in the past decades. The paper aims to define the concepts of social entrepreneurship and quality of life, and to illustrate their relationship in the case of TOMS company. The descriptive and quantitative research method used by the authors was based on secondary data found in the electronic databases, international journals and corporate reports. The paper contributes to a better understanding of the two concepts, namely social entrepreneurship and quality of life. Also, it shows that they are two related concepts as the first one has a positive impact on the second one through various actions, such as ensuring the basic material conditions, increasing the level of education, or improving the health system.

Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship, Quality of Life, Entrepreneurship, TOMS Company.
Educate, Empower And Protect People Through Timely Authentic Information: Explore How Bangladeshi Newspapers Response To COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dutta Pryanka , Dutta Urme , Hasan Sanaulla , Sarkar Nandita , Sana Tanmoy
Published: October 2020

This study analyzed the coverage of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) news by three prominent Bangladeshi dailies named The Daily Star, The Daily Kalerkantho, and The Daily Ittefaq. The research aimed to explore the attention cycle of the selected newspapers about this ongoing outbreak. It also identified the significant differences in framing and used sources in the news stories by respective daily newspapers. The study period was 10 weeks from February 1 to April 10, 2020, considering the Global Health Emergency declaration by the World Health Organization on January 30, 2020, and the announcement of the pandemic on March 11, 2020. This research applied the content analysis method on 761 news articles. The study shows that these three newspapers gave more attention after the pandemic announcement. This study also revealed that The Daily Star emphasized on attributing responsibility to the government and statistical data frames. On the other hand, The Daily Kalerkantho highlighted the individual’s responsibility frame. The Daily Ittefaq concentrated on the economic consequence frame. Regarding the news sources, The Daily Star significantly used more sources from government officials. In contrast, The Daily Kalerkantho relied more on experts, and The Daily Ittefaq frequently used international sources. Due to time limitations, this study only covered the early stage of COVID-19 in Bangladesh. So more samples with a more extended period might clearly illustrate the focus of print media regarding this pandemic. Journalism and media studies students, academicians, and journalists will be most beneficiaries of this study. As appropriate framing helps to build awareness and in-depth knowledge of the community as well as policymakers, print media should pay more attention to proper framing.

Keywords: Bangladesh, COVID-19, newspaper coverage, news framing, news source, pandemic, print media.
TYPES OF THE ENTERPRISE FINANCIAL POLICY IN THE PROCESS OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Kreidych Iryna , Yereshko Julia , Tovmasian Vahan
Published: October 2020

The current research conducts the study of the enterprise financial policy in an aspect of formalising its types in an attempt to maximize its efficiency and practical sense as the latter are basically absent due to lacking proper scientific background. That is, subsystems of financial policy are perceived by domestic scholars as its types, which make it impossible to create a rational, functioning and effective managerial system.
Arranging the enterprise financial policy to specific types allows easier achievement of a chosen strategy and formulated objectives as each such type is a set of methods, levers and tools for making and implementing management decisions, which provides optimisation to this process, thus achieving the maximum efficiency of financial management
The analysis of domestic scientific achievements on the researched problems, or rather total lack of such, proved the necessity to substantiate the types of enterprise financial policy. Thus, the subsystems of financial policy: depreciation, tax, dividend and others are perceived by domestic scholars as its types, which lead to an erroneous understanding of its essence and process mechanism of its implementation, and hence â€“ the controversial scientific and practical value of existing research.
The given research proposes following types of the enterprise financial policy: stabilizing financial policy, proliferative financial policy, innovative financial policy and urgent financial policy, that are meant to be used in specific economic conditions and in accordance with current managerial objectives and maximize the effectiveness of financial management.
Expats in Russian Insurance Management
Authors: Kozlova Olga , Dolbnya Elena , Vasilyeva Maria
Published: October 2020

The article considers the issues of attracting expats to Russia. They were first employed in insurance management in the 1990s. The process was connected with the formation of market relations and the need to attract qualified foreign specialists. Employing expats has several advantages, e.g. advanced business technologies, improving the image of enterprises, personnel training, etc. However, attracting expats has a number of drawbacks, such as the costs associated with remuneration, family support, and extra bonuses. Employing expats has not found wide application in insurance management, since insurance markets vary significantly in institutional and industrial aspects. The automatic transfer of foreign business technologies is limited by legislation, as well as by cultural and historical traditions of Russia. The research objective was to evaluate the activities of expats in Russia, to identify the positive and negative aspects of this phenomenon both for the expats themselves and the country that attracted them, and to justify the limitations of their involvement in insurance management. The research featured the phenomenon of expats in labor markets and their activities in the Russian insurance market. The study revealed the problems associated with the insurance market of the Russian Federation, as well as some options for attracting expats to the Russian insurance management.
Trade and Service Industry: Readiness Analysis for Digital Transformation
Authors: Komarcheva Oksana , Lysenko Elena
Published: October 2020

Trade and service industry was one of the first areas to go online. As a result, digital transformation has always been important for this sphere. The research objective was to assess the readiness of trade enterprises and service sector for digital transformation in the Kemerovo region based on questionnaire method. The study featured network companies, small businesses, and individual entrepreneurs in the field of trade and services. The article covers several approaches to the definition of digital transformation and its key areas, i.e. customer-centered approach, partnership and collaboration, big data, innovations, digital value management, corporate and consumer digital culture, etc. Most enterprises saw digital transformation as a tool of efficiency improvement, not as a strategic activity. This was mostly typical of large network companies, with a few regional enterprises. Companies that deal with consumer goods showed the best results in digital transformation. The market of trade and services in has low data transparency. Most companies demonstrated a poor use of digital technology. On the other hand, consumers of trade and service industry showed a high degree readiness for digital transformations. Development of Internet marketing and digital technologies suggests that digital transformation is bound to become a tool of competitive growth.
The applicability of ASCS_LSTM_ATT model for water level prediction in small- and medium-sized basins in China
Authors: Li Ke , Wan Dingsheng , Zhu Yuelong , Yao Cheng , Yu Yufeng , Si Cunyou , Ruan Xiangchao
Published: October 2020

Water level prediction of small- and medium-sized rivers plays an important role in water resource management and flood control. Such a prediction is concentrated in the flood season because of the frequent occurrence of flood disasters in the plain area. Moreover, the flood in mountainous areas suddenly rises and falls, and the slope is steep. Thus, establishing a hydrological prediction model for small- and medium-sized rivers with high accuracy and different topographic features, that is, plains and mountains, is an urgent problem. A prediction method based on ASCS_LSTM_ATT is proposed to solve this problem. First, the important parameters are optimized by improving the cuckoo search algorithm. Second, different methods are used to determine the forecast factors according to various topographic features. Finally, the model is combined with the self-attention mechanism to extract significant information. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed model has the ability to effectively improve the water level prediction accuracy and parameter optimization efficiency.
The linkage between box-counting and geomorphic fractal dimensions in the fractal structure of river networks: the junction angle
Authors: Meng Xianmeng , Zhang Pengju , Li Jing , Ma Chuanming , Liu Dengfeng
Published: October 2020

In the past, a great deal of research has been conducted to determine the fractal properties of river networks, and there are many kinds of methods calculating their fractal dimensions. In this paper, we compare two most common methods: one is geomorphic fractal dimension obtained from the bifurcation ratio and the stream length ratio, and the other is box-counting method. Firstly, synthetic fractal trees are used to explain the role of the junction angle on the relation between two kinds of fractal dimensions. The obtained relationship curves indicate that box-counting dimension is decreasing with the increase of the junction angle when geomorphic fractal dimension keeps constant. This relationship presents continuous and smooth convex curves with junction angle from 60° to 120° and concave curves from 30° to 45°. Then 70 river networks in China are investigated in terms of their two kinds of fractal dimensions. The results confirm the fractal structure of river networks. Geomorphic fractal dimensions of river networks are larger than box-counting dimensions and there is no obvious relationship between these two kinds of fractal dimensions. Relatively good non-linear relationships between geomorphic fractal dimensions and box-counting dimensions are obtained by considering the role of the junction angle.
Hydrological risk: modeling flood memory and human proximity to rivers
Authors: Ridolfi Elena , Mondino Elena , Di Baldassarre Giuliano
Published: October 2020

Recent literature in sociohydrology has shown the important role of flood memory in shaping hydrological risk. In this paper, we present a system dynamics model of human–flood interactions that simulates how the river proximity of human settlements is altered by changes in flood memory. We also compare our model outcomes with an unprecedented dataset consisting of historical and archeological observations of human settlements in the Czech Republic that have been affected by major flood events. This comparison allows us to evaluate the potentials and limitations of our sociohydrological model in capturing essential features of flood risk changes, including the process of resettling farther and closer to the river. Our results show that the accumulation (and decay) of collective memory has potential in explaining temporal changes of flood risk driven by the occurrence (or absence) of major events. As such, this study contributes to advancing knowledge about the complex dynamics of human–water systems, while providing useful insights in the field of flood risk reduction.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of the water quality in the Jinsha River Basin (Panzhihua, China)
Authors: Yang Yan , Huang Xing , Zhu Xiaohua , Zhou Yiyang , Zhang Liuqing , Zhang Yiming , Zhou Guobiao
Published: October 2020

Spatiotemporal changes in the water quality index are important measures with which to analyze water quality. Fifteen water quality indices at the Longdong, Luoguo, and Jinjiang stations in the Panzhihua Section of the Jinsha River Basin from 2016 to 2018 were analyzed using cluster analysis (CA), discriminant analysis (DA), independent sample t-test and correlation analysis. The results of CA showed that the months can be divided into the following groups based on the similarities in the water quality characteristics: group 1 (dry season), January-April and December; group 2 (flood season), August-September; and group 3 (flat season), May-July and October-November. In group 1 the river is remarkably polluted. The main parameters that distinguish the spatial differences are pH level, chemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll a, fecal coliforms, and electrical conductivity. All sections of the river meet the National Level III standard, and the water quality of the Jinsha River is generally good. Spatial results show that the Luoguo station is seriously polluted compared with the other two stations. Significant negative correlation is found between forest land and COD (P < 0.05). Therefore, the management of land use and pollutant discharge should still be strengthened in the Luoguo section to improve the overall water quality of the Jinsha River.
Pesquisa e formação docente na escola
Authors: Cosme de Carvalho Maria Vilani , Junqueira de Aguiar Wanda Maria , Antonio Alfredo Raquel
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é a exposição da defesa de que a autoconfrontação, sob a mediação da crítica e da autocrítica, pode promover pesquisa e formação docente, favorecendo movimentos de transformação da prática docente e, talvez, por consequência, da realidade escolar. O eixo teórico-metodológico é fundamentado no materialismo histórico dialético, com destaque às categorias singularidade, particularidade e universalidade; ao conceito de vida cotidiana e à autoconfrontação, como procedimento metodológico não restrito à produção descritiva da prática docente. Conclui-se que, promovendo o encontro do docente com sua própria prática, sob a finalidade de se constituir novo contexto, se pode realizar tanto o processo de produção da pesquisa, quanto o de formação e de transformação da prática docente.

Palavras-Chave: Pesquisa e Formação Docente; Autoconfrontação; Prática Docente. Vida Cotidiana.
Controle e resistência do magistério capixaba (1908-1909)
Authors: Bezerra Ariadny , Silva Simões Regina Helena
Published: October 2020

Investiga o processo de demissão e a inconformidade da professora Joanna Passos, em face dos mecanismos de controle exercidos sobre o magistério público capixaba, nos anos iniciais da República. Analisa o percurso singular e as estratégias jogadas pela docente, utilizando como fontes documentos oficiais, cartoriais e jornalísticos. Considera que os discursos do governador Jerônimo Monteiro e do inspetor geral da instrução pública Carlos Alberto Gomes Cardim, influenciados por ideais iluministas que pareciam defender o avanço dos direitos sociais, deram suporte a práticas coronelistas evidenciadas na relação entre o público e o privado, como o nepotismo e os interesses clientelistas, moralistas e elitistas, que afetavam a prestação de serviços educacionais. Problematiza o debate em torno do “caso Joanna Passos”, registrado pela imprensa, assim como mobilizações populares em apoio à professora, cuja resistência às práticas autoritárias de controle do magistério evidencia margens de possibilidades de escolhas conscientes que alimentam mudanças (LEVI, 1996).
Gênero na docência em Física
Authors: Oliveira Anna Luiza Araújo Ramos Martins de , José de Farias Silva Ribbyson
Published: October 2020

Neste artigo discutimos, a partir de narrativas de professoras e professores do ensino médio, como o gênero atua na experiência da docência em Física. Através da interrogação de acontecimentos recentes e antigos, questionamos as lógicas que têm sustentado o discurso de que a Física é uma ciência de/para (alguns)homens e indicamos a emergência de práticas de contestação dessa hegemonia. Concebemos experiência como ação simbólica de produção de sentidos sobre a realidade e lugar de constituição de subjetividades. Partimos da perspectiva que as proposições sobre gênero são atravessadas por relações de poder e se constituem em contextos políticos. Concluímos apontando que os rastros homogeneizadores dos cânones científicos que reduzem potências de vida não conseguem suprimir suas existências e que o reconhecimento da ciência como local povoado por corpos vivos e expressivos é a principal alternativa para o enfrentamento dos intricados labirintos que continuam a ser posicionados no caminho das novas gerações.
The Place of Pharmacotherapy in Alcohol Use Disorder Management in Family Practice - A Systematic Review
Authors: Morgane Guillou L. , Delphine Le G. , Guillaume Kergoat , Yves Le-Reste J.
Published: October 2020

Background and Aims:

Alcohol use disorders (AUD) are among the most prevalent mental disorders
around the world, yet still remain the most undertreated. Many studies report the low rate of treatment uptake,
less than 20%, among people with AUD. Among those accessing care, a large majority only approach
their GP for help. Therefore, primary care is a strategic setting for the identification and the management of
AUD. International recommendations stress AUD pharmacotherapy for withdrawal and craving management,
but very few studies have shown interest in the management of AUDs in primary care. The main objective of
this study was to analyse pharmacotherapy in AUD management in primary care by means of a systematic literature
review.

Methods:

A systematic literature review (PRISMA) was carried out. 5 databases were screened: PUBMED via
MEDLINE, LiSSa, the SUDOC catalogue, PASCAL and EMBASE. Search algorithms were used integrating
the concepts of pharmacotherapy management, alcohol use disorders and primary care, only in the English language.

Results:

296 studies were selected and 10 were included. One was a follow-up study on the national prescription
database, while four were cross-sectional studies with an auto-questionnaire survey. Of the 10 studies included,
two were conducted in Europe, five in North America, two in Australia and one in South Africa. These
pharmacotherapy studies were concerned with the anti-craving treatment, and 3 types of medications were
used: Disulfiram, Acamprosate and Naltrexone. Factors identified as limiting or facilitating prescriptions concerned
cost, indications, efficacy, training and adjuncts to pharmacotherapy.

Conclusion:

Knowledge and prescription of pharmacotherapy for AUD, more specifically, anti-craving treatment,
is insufficient in primary care. There is a lack of data and studies on the efficacy of anti-craving treatment
in primary care. Guidelines for AUD management, including psychological and medical management and pharmacotherapy,
do exist but have not been adapted to primary care practice. Barriers and facilitators of pharmacotherapy
prescription in AUD in primary care were identified in this study.
5-HT3 Receptor Antagonism: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of Depression and other Disorders
Authors: Bhatt Shvetank , Devadoss Thangaraj , Manjula Santhepete Nanjundaiah , Rajangam Jayaraman
Published: October 2020

Background:

Depression or Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prolonged condition
of sadness. MDD is the most common mental disorder that affects more than 264 million people
worldwide. According to the monoamine hypothesis, serotonin (5-hydroxy tryptamine, 5-HT), dopamine
(DA) and norepinephrine (NE) are the major neurotransmitters (NTs) involved in depression.

Methods:

The methodology adopted for writing this review article is essentially based on the secondary
literature search through a systematic literature review. This review mainly focussed on
the role of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (5-HT3RA) in depression and comorbid disorders like anxiety.

Results:

Out of three major NTs mentioned above, serotonin has a predominant role in the pathophysiology
of depression. The serotonin type-3 receptors (5-HT3R) are well renowned to be expressed
in the central nervous system (CNS) in regions which have significance in the vomiting reflex,
perception of pain, the reward system, cognition, depression and anxiety control. 5-HT3R are
the receptors of serotonergic family that belong to ligand-gated ion channel. 5-HT3RA inhibit the
binding of serotonin to postsynaptic 5-HT3R and increases its availability to other receptors like 5-
HT1A, 1B and 1D as well as 5-HT2 receptors and produces anti-depressant-like effect. 5-HT3RA also
have an important role in mood and stress disorders. Some of the studies have shown the effectiveness
of these agents in stress disorder.

Conclusion:

The present article focussed on the role of 5-HT3R and their antagonists in the treatment
of depression and anxiety. Further studies are warranted to prove their efficacy with respect
to other standard anti-depressants.
Suicidality and Cannabidiol: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Moazen-Zadeh Ehsan , Galynker Igor I.
Published: October 2020

Cannabidiol (CBD) is gaining considerable attention in the research community with
promising results in a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions. In particular, there are replicated findings
for the therapeutic effects of CBD on psychotic and anxiety symptoms as well as substance
use disorders, all of which are highly prevalent in patients who present with suicidality. Meanwhile,
there has been a lack of suicide research on cannabidiol. This perspective provides an
overview of the available evidence, potential reasons behind the halt in suicide research on cannabidiol,
and recommendations for future investigations.
Open Access Journals: A Boon or Bane for Early Career Researchers in India
Authors: Sundramoorthy Ashok K.
Published: October 2020

Background :

It is demonstrated that for a junior research faculty in India, proper guidelines
and funding resources are required to publish research articles in the Open Access (OA) journals.
Recently, many of the important scientific journals are turned out to be OA journals. When we
need to publish in an OA journal, the funding support for article processing charge (APC) is uncertain
due to the limited funds or absence of institutional level support.

Objective:

To find out the total number of open access and subscription based articles published
from the top ten countries in the scientific journals up to July 2020.

Materials and Methods:

For the data collection, a keyword of “Chemistry” was used in all fields in
the “Scopus database” on 07 July 2020.

Results:

From the articles published by top ten countries, it was found that USA has published
more number of publications (open access plus subscription based) followed by China, Japan,
Germany, UK, India, France, Canada, Italy, and the Russian Federation. However, if we carefully
look at the total numbers of OA publications up to July 2020, Japan (33.47%) has published more
percentage of OA documents compared to UK (26.92%), Germany (24.63%) and the USA
(24.53%). In this list, India (13.02%) and the Russian Federation (10.14%) have published the lowest
numbers of OA publications compared to other countries.

Conclusion:

It was found that about ~50% of OA publications resulted from India might come
from collaborative research. The APC may be supported by other countries along with India. In
addition, it was obvious that the Indian Institute of Science (IISC) had published the highest OA
papers, followed by CSIR India and the University of Delhi. From the past ten years, OA publications
from India were doubled in number from 2011 to July 2020. However, it requires further efforts
to increase our scientific progress and research accomplishments by the number of publications,
patents, and commercial products to support the Make in India.
Hubungan Jumlah Tenaga Perawat dengan Beban Kerja Perawat Pelaksana di Ruang Rawat Inap Kelas III RSUD Wates
Authors: Rizky Wahyu , Darmaningtyas Nurharyanti , Yulitasari Brune Indah
Published: October 2020

Jumlah perawat di seluruh dunia menurut WHO ada 19,3 juta perawat, sedangkan di Indonesia terdapat 147,264. Secara nasional, rasio perawat adalah 87,65 per 100.000 penduduk, masih jauh dari target tahun 2019a yaitu 180 per 100.000 penduduk. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tenaga perawat masih sangat terbatas, dan keterbatasanA ini bisa menyebabkan beban kerja perawat menjadi tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk  mengidentifikasi dan menganalisa hubungan jumlah tenaga perawat dengan beban kerja perawat pelaksana. metodologi penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif korelasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampling dengan total sampling. Analisa data bivariat menggunakan uji statistik kendal tau dengan SPSS  22.  Hasil penelitian ini  dari total  41  responden  yang  menunjukkan  beban kerjanya tinggi sebanyak 32 responden (78%) dengan jumlah perawat yang tersedia di bangsal masih kurang dari jumlah ideal menurut perhitungan Depkes. Uji Kendal’s Tau menunjukkan nilai ρ value sebesar 0,000 <0,05(α:0,05) yang artinya terdapat hubungan antara jumlah tenaga perawat dengan beban kerja perawat pelaksana. Kesimpulan beban kerja paling tinggi terdapat di bangsal dengan jumlah tenaga perawat yang kurang dari jumlah ideal sesuai perhitungan Depkes.

 

Kata kunci : jumlah tenaga perawat, beban kerja, perawat pelaksana
Light-Induced Fluorescence-Based Device and Hybrid Mobile App for Oral Hygiene Management at Home: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Kim Jun-Min , Lee Woo Ram , Kim Jun-Ho , Seo Jong-Mo , Im Changkyun
Published: October 2020

Background

Dental diseases can be prevented through the management of dental plaques. Dental plaque can be identified using the light-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique that emits light at 405 nm. The LIF technique is more convenient than the commercial technique using a disclosing agent, but the result may vary for each individual as it still requires visual identification.

Objective

The objective of this study is to introduce and validate a deep learning–based oral hygiene monitoring system that makes it easy to identify dental plaques at home.

Methods

We developed a LIF-based system consisting of a device that can visually identify dental plaques and a mobile app that displays the location and area of dental plaques on oral images. The mobile app is programmed to automatically determine the location and distribution of dental plaques using a deep learning–based algorithm and present the results to the user as time series data. The mobile app is also built with convergence of naive and web applications so that the algorithm is executed on a cloud server to efficiently distribute computing resources.

Results

The location and distribution of users’ dental plaques could be identified via the hand-held LIF device or mobile app. The color correction filter in the device was developed using a color mixing technique. The mobile app was built as a hybrid app combining the functionalities of a native application and a web application. Through the scrollable WebView on the mobile app, changes in the time series of dental plaque could be confirmed. The algorithm for dental plaque detection was implemented to run on Amazon Web Services for object detection by single shot multibox detector and instance segmentation by Mask region-based convolutional neural network.

Conclusions

This paper shows that the system can be used as a home oral care product for timely identification and management of dental plaques. In the future, it is expected that these products will significantly reduce the social costs associated with dental diseases.
ReMindCare App for Early Psychosis: Pragmatic Real World Intervention and Usability Study
Authors: Bonet Lucia , Torous John , Arce David , Blanquer Ignacio , Sanjuan Julio
Published: October 2020

Background

eHealth interventions are widely used in clinical trials and increasingly in care settings as well; however, their efficacy in real-world contexts remains unknown. ReMindCare is a smartphone app that has been systematically implemented in a first episode of psychosis program (FEPP) for patients with early psychosis since 2018.

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of ReMindCare after 19 months of use in the clinic and varying use by individual patients.

Methods

The integration of the ReMindCare app into the FEPP started in October 2018. Patients with early psychosis self-selected to the app (ReMindCare group) or treatment as usual (TAU group). The outcome variables considered were adherence to the intervention and number of relapses, hospital admissions, and visits to urgent care units. Data from 90 patients with early psychosis were analyzed: 59 in the ReMindCare group and 31 in the TAU group. The mean age of the sample was 32.8 (SD 9.4) years, 73% (66/90) were males, 91% (83/90) were White, and 81% (74/90) were single.

Results

Significant differences between the ReMindCare and TAU groups were found in the number of relapses, hospitalizations, and visits to urgent care units, with each showing benefits for the app. Only 20% (12/59) of patients from the ReMindCare group had a relapse, while 58% (18/31) of the TAU patients had one or more relapses (χ2=13.7, P=.001). Moreover, ReMindCare patients had fewer visits to urgent care units (χ2=7.4, P=.006) and fewer hospitalizations than TAU patients (χ2=4.6, P=.03). The mean of days using the app was 352.2 (SD 191.2; min/max: 18-594), and the mean of engagement was 84.5 (SD 16.04).

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first eHealth intervention that has preliminarily proven its benefits in the real-world treatment of patients with early psychosis.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1111/eip.12960
Correction: Association Between Usage of an App to Redeem Prescribed Food Benefits and Redemption Behaviors Among the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children Participants: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhang Junzhou , Park Kayoung , Tang Chuanyi
Published: October 2020

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