bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Влияние добавления диборана на свойства плазмохимически осаждаемых углеродных пленок
Authors: Шубина Е.Н. , Карасёв П.А. , Титов А.И. , Подсвиров О.А. , Виноградов А.Я. , Карасёв Н.Н. , Поздняков А.В.
Published: January 2017

Представлены результаты исследований оптических, электрических, механических свойств алмазоподобных углеродных пленок, полученных методом плазмохимического газофазного осаждения из смеси диборана и метана в различных пропорциях. При достижении пороговой концентрации (~ 12%) диборана в рабочей смеси, в структуре пленок начинают формироваться включения новой фазы. Это приводит к нелинейной зависимости внутренних напряжений и поверхностного сопротивления получаемых покрытий от состава смеси с минимальными значениями при концентрации диборана ~ 12%.
Особенности рецептор- и трансдуктор-опосредованной активации внутриклеточных сигнальных каскадов в сенсорном нейроне, выявленные методом атомно-силовой микроскопии
Authors: Халисов М.М. , Пеннияйнен В.А. , Есикова Н.A. , Анкудинов А.В. , Крылов Б.В.
Published: January 2017

Исследованы механические свойства сенсорных нейронов при активации внутриклеточных каскадных процессов коменовой кислотой, связывающейся с мембранным опиоидоподобным рецептором (рецептор-опосредованно), а также очень низкой (эндогенной) концентрацией уабаина (трансдуктор-опосредованно). С помощью атомно-силовой микроскопии установлено, что воздействие уабаина в отличие от воздействия коменовой кислоты приводит к упрочнению сомы нейрона. Это свидетельствует о том, что рецептор-опосредованная передача сигнала на геном клетки осуществляется с помощью механизмов, отличающихся от трансдуктор-опосредованных сигнальных путей.
Релаксация напряжений в InGaAsP/InP-гетероструктурах для преобразователей лазерного излучения с длиной волны 1064 nm
Authors: Маричев А.Е. , Левин Р.В. , Гордеева А.Б. , Гагис Г.С. , Кучинский В.И. , Пушный Б.В. , Прасолов Н.Д. , Шмидт Н.М.
Published: January 2017

Исследованы особенности релаксации механических напряжений в InGaAsP/InP-гетероструктурах, являющихся основой для преобразователей лазерного излучения с длиной волны 1064 nm. Показано, что релаксация механических напряжений путем образования упорядоченного рельефа на поверхности слоев твердого раствора InGaAsP/InP-гетероструктур с составом твердого раствора по индию до 80% позволяет уменьшить вероятность спинодального распада твердого раствора, повысить на порядок интенсивность фотолюминесценции твердого раствора и увеличить эффективность преобразования лазерного излучения. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44180.16463
Эффективность обратной частотной магнитно-импульсной обработки
Authors: Кудасов Ю.Б. , Маслов Д.А. , Сурдин О.М.
Published: January 2017

Обсуждается зависимость эффективности магнитно-импульсной обработки от формы импульсного магнитного поля. Показано, что замена одиночного импульса в быстрой части магнитного поля на последовательность импульсов в случае обратной обработки увеличивает удельный механический импульс, вложенный в заготовку, и, следовательно, повышает эффективность обработки. Обсуждаются возможные применения методики к устранению вмятин на кузове автомобиля и элементах летательных аппаратов. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44181.16445
Полировка поверхности сверхтвердых материалов пучками газовых кластерных ионов
Authors: Иешкин А.Е. , Кушкина К.Д. , Киреев Д.С. , Ермаков Ю.А. , Черныш В.С.
Published: January 2017

Проведено исследование влияния облучения газовыми кластерными ионами на топографию поверхности карбида кремния и алмаза. С помощью атомно-силовой микроскопии показано, что воздействие на эти материалы кластерных ионов с энергией 10 keV и дозами более 1016 cm-2 приводит к сглаживанию рельефа поверхности. Приведены оценки скорости травления и эффективности сглаживания рельефа в зависимости от толщины удаленного слоя вещества. С помощью спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния света продемонстрировано отсутствие дефектов, вносимых облучением кластерными ионами в объем мишени. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44182.16459
Изменение направления электрического ветра при наклоне игольчатого электрода относительно заземленной плоскости
Authors: Елагин И.А. , Бегаль Д.И. , Ашихмин И.А. , Стишков Ю.К.
Published: January 2017

Проведено экспериментальное исследование структуры электрического ветра в системе электродов игла-плоскость. При фиксированном межэлектродном расстоянии варьировался угол наклона иглы. С помощью установки лазерной анемометрии получены характерные распределения скоростей. Показано, что узкая центральная струя электрического ветра существенно изменяет свое направление соответственно углу наклона коронирующего электрода. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44183.16410
Полностью оптическая ячейка-модулятор на основе AlGaAs/GaAs/InGaAs-гетероструктур на длину волны 905 nm
Authors: Подоскин А.А. , Шашкин И.С. , Слипченко С.О. , Пихтин Н.А. , Тарасов И.С.
Published: January 2017

Продемонстрирована полностью оптическая ячейка на основе лазерных гетероструктур на длину волны 905 nm, работающая в режиме модулятора выходной оптической мощности за счет управляемого переключения генерации между модами резонатора Фабри-Перо и высокодобротной замкнутой модой. Достигнуты времена переключения 1.2 ns и менее при модулируемой мощности 1.6 W. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44184.16247
Создание дифракционной решетки на алмазной подложке имплантацией ионами бора
Authors: Степанов А.Л. , Нуждин В.И. , Галяутдинов М.Ф. , Курбатова Н.В. , Валеев В.Ф. , Воробьев В.В. , Осин Ю.Н.
Published: January 2017

Настоящее исследование относится к способам изготовления дифракционных оптических элементов (дифракционных решеток). Дифракционная решетка была получена на основе алмаза при его имплантации ионами бора через маску. В процессе имплантации в немаскированных областях облучаемого алмаза произошла графитизация алмаза, приведшая к распуханию облученного слоя. Формирование периодических поверхностных графитизированных микроструктур на поверхности алмаза контролировалось методами оптической, электронной и атомно-силовой микроскопии. Эффективность функционирования дифракционного оптического алмазного элемента показана путем его зондирования излучением гелий-неонового лазера. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44185.16385
Оценка времени предсказуемости зашумленной хаотической динамики по точечным последовательностям
Authors: Мохаммад Я.Х. , Павлова О.Н. , Павлов А.Н.
Published: January 2017

Предложен метод повышения точности расчета времени предсказуемости зашумленной хаотической динамики по точечным последовательностям. На примере режима фазово-когерентного хаоса проиллюстрированы общие закономерности, наблюдаемые при применении данного метода к точечным последовательностям двух типов моделей пороговых устройств. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44186.16268
Оптимизация условий самовозбуждения терагерцовых гиротронов на основе увеличения времени жизни циклотронных осцилляторов в рабочем пространстве с пониженным напряжением
Authors: Гинзбург Н.С. , Глявин М.Ю. , Зотова И.В. , Железнов И.В. , Фокин А.П.
Published: January 2017

Предложен метод снижения стартовых и рабочих токов коротковолновых гиротронов путем приложения тормозящего потенциала непосредственно к рабочему резонатору. Указанный эффект достигается за счет увеличения времени жизни электронов в рабочем пространстве. При заданном токе инжекции это позволяет обеспечить условия самовозбуждения при относительно низкой дифракционной добротности рабочего резонатора, что ведет к существенному снижению доли омических потерь. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44187.16273
Линейный и нелинейный магнитоэлектрический эффект в объемных композитах цирконат-титанат свинца --- феррит никеля
Authors: Лалетин В.М. , Поддубная Н.Н.
Published: January 2017

Приведены экспериментальные результаты исследований линейного и нелинейного магнитоэлектрического эффекта в объемных композитах цирконат-титанат свинца --- феррит никеля. Максимальная величина магнитоэлектрического отклика составила 260 mV/A в случае линейного эффекта и 34 kV/m для нелинейного эффекта. На основе анализа экспериментальных данных получен коэффициент взаимосвязи между линейным и нелинейным магнитоэлектрическим эффектом. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44188.16462
Корреляционные характеристики фазовых и амплитудных химерных состояний в ансамбле нелокально связанных отображений
Authors: Вадивасова Т.Е. , Стрелкова Г.И. , Богомолов С.А. , Анищенко В.С.
Published: January 2017

С использованием коэффициента взаимной корреляции элементов ансамбля в виде кольца нелокально связанных хаотических отображений приводятся результаты расчета корреляционных характеристик химерных состояний. Впервые установлены количественные различия коэффициентов взаимной корреляции для фазовых и амплитудных химер. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44189.16400
Процессы захвата электронов и захвата электронов с ионизацией у атомов аргона ионами -=SUP=-3-=/SUP=-He-=SUP=-2+-=/SUP=- при различных параметрах удара
Authors: Афросимов В.В. , Басалаев А.А. , Панов М.Н.
Published: January 2017

Измерены абсолютные величины дифференциальных сечений рассеяния быстрых частиц, образовавшихся в процессах захвата одного или двух электронов у атомов Ar ионами He2+ с кинетической энергией 6 keV в диапазоне углов рассеяния 0-2.5o. Определены сечения процессов захвата и захвата с ионизацией как функции параметра удара. Проведено сопоставление вероятностей осуществления исследуемых процессов с распределением электронной плотности различных оболочек в атоме-мишени. Сделана оценка применимости моделей экранированных кулоновских потенциалов взаимодействия для описания рассеяния перезарядившихся частиц. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44190.16419
Новая углеродная структура в отожженных пленочных покрытиях системы углерод-свинец
Authors: Володин В.Н. , Тулеушев Ю.Ж. , Жаканбаев Е.А. , Цай К.В. , Рофман О.В.
Published: January 2017

Ионно-плазменным распылением углерода и свинца впервые получены твердые растворы этих элементов в пленочном покрытии, сосуществующие с аморфным углеродом. При вакуумной термообработке пленок углерод-свинец с концентрацией более 68.5 аt.% Pb последний практически полностью испаряется с образованием покрытия из аморфного углерода. При отжиге 1100oC аморфный углерод кристаллизуется во вновь обнаруженную фазу с гексагональной решеткой с параметрами a =0.7603 nm и c = 0.8168 nm. Определены рентгенографические данные для идентификации обнаруженной фазы. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44191.16181
Модификация метода Кольского для определения прочности хрупких материалов на срез
Authors: Брагов А.М. , Ломунов А.К. , Константинов А.Ю. , Ламзин Д.А.
Published: January 2017

Предложена и апробирована новая модификация метода Кольского, которая предполагает нагружение образца, размещенного в разрезанной по наклонной плоскости обойме, что дает возможность определять прочность малопластичных материалов на срез. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44192.16280
Создание и электрические свойства гетеропереходов p-Cu-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-ZnSnS-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-/n-Si
Authors: Юсупов А. , Адамбаев К. , Тураев З.З. , Алиев С.Р. , Кутлимратов А.
Published: January 2017

Впервые получены анизотипные гетеропереходы p-Cu2ZnSnS4/n-Si методом сульфиризации базовых металлических слоев, предварительно напыленных на подложку из поликристаллического кремния. Анализируются вольт-амперные характеристики и обсуждаются механизмы токопрохождения в созданных структурах. Показано, что для прямого смешения характерны туннельно-рекомбинационные процессы и токи, ограниченные пространственным зарядом. При обратных смещениях в гетеропереходе преобладают токи, ограниченные пространственным зарядом. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44193.16474
Влияние теплового старения на абсорбционные явления в кабельной изоляции сшитого полиэтилена
Authors: Борисова М.Э. , Осина Ю.К.
Published: January 2017

Изучены абсорбционные токи зарядки и разрядки образцов сшитого кабельного полиэтилена до и после их теплового старения. Анализ экспериментальных зависимостей проведен на основе эквивалентной схемы Фойгта. С помощью определенных параметров эквивалентной схемы Фойгта рассчитаны частотные зависимости относительной диэлектрической проницаемости, фактора потерь и тангенса угла диэлектрических потерь в области низких частот omega =(10-3-1) s-1 и высоких температур. Абсорбционные характеристики и их анализ применены для изучения процессов теплового старения кабельной изоляции из сшитого полиэтилена. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.02.44194.16384
How Do People Experiencing Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders or Other Psychotic Disorders Use the Internet to Get Information on Their Mental Health? Literature Review and Recommendations
Authors: Villani Murielle , Kovess-Masfety Viviane
Published: January 2017

Background

Studies show that the Internet has become an influential source of information for people experiencing serious psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia spectrum disorders or other psychotic disorders, among which the rate of Internet users is growing, with rates ranging from 33.3% to 79.5% given the country. Between 20.5% and 56.4% of these Internet users seek mental health information.

Objective

Focusing on this population’s Web searches about their mental health, this paper examines what type of content they look for and what could be the benefits and disadvantages of this navigation.

Methods

We conducted a literature review through medical and psychological databases between 2000 and 2015 using the keywords “Internet,” “Web,” “virtual,” “health information,” “schizophrenia,” “psychosis,” “e-mental health,” “e-support,” and “telepsychiatry.”

Results

People experiencing schizophrenia spectrum disorders or other psychotic disorders wish to find on the Internet trustful, nonstigmatizing information about their disease, flexibility, security standards, and positive peer-to-peer exchanges. E-mental health also appears to be desired by a substantial proportion of them. In this field, the current developments towards intervention and early prevention in the areas of depression and bipolar and anxiety disorders become more and more operational for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and other psychotic disorders as well. The many benefits of the Internet as a source of information and support, such as empowerment, enhancement of self-esteem, relief from peer information, better social interactions, and more available care, seem to outbalance the difficulties.

Conclusions

In this paper, after discussing the challenges related to the various aspects of the emergence of the Internet into the life of people experiencing schizophrenia spectrum disorders or other psychotic disorders, we will suggest areas of future research and practical recommendations for this major transition.
PRODUKSI, DISTRIBUSI, DAN KONTESTASI WACANA TRADISI DAN MODERNITAS DALAM CERPEN Leteh KARYA OKA RUSMINI
Authors: Jaya Akmal
Published: January 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bagaimana wacana mengenai tradisi kebudayaan masyarakat Bali diproduksi, dipertentangkan dan kemudian menjadi wacana tandingan terhadap wacana modernitas dalam cerita pendek Leteh karya Oka Rusmini. Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan teori dan metode analisis wacana Foucault, dengan menampilkan formasi diskursif melalui ekslusi eksternal maupun internal. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ada upaya-upaya memproduksi, mendistribusikan, kemudian memodifikasi wacana tradisi sebagai wacana tandingan terhadap modernitas.
Towards the Narrative Intertextuality in Poetic Narratology: An Intertextual Analysis of Lawrencian Birds, Beasts and Flowers
Authors: Luo Jun , Liu Qin
Published: January 2017

For a long time, there have been the mountainous discussions about intertexuality in the field of novelist narrative studies by scholars from China and western countries in their academic practices in terms of the in-textual responses from a novelist narrative text to another produced either by the same writer or by different novelists based on the academic focus of the textual influences from one novelist narrative text to another. However, there have been rarely comparative discussions focused on the narrative intertextuality of the poetic narrative texts by taking Lawrencian poetic collection Birds, Beasts and Flowers as a case of intertextual representation. Therefore, this essay aims to make a quest for the narrative intertextuality of poetic narrative texts by taking the poems in the narrative poetic collection of Birds, Beasts and Flowers as a specific case as well as an exemplary justification of this narrative proposition that narrative intertextuality including the linguistic intertextuality, literary intertexuality, rhetorical intertextuality and thematic intertextuality has been making its way to the perfection of poetic narration in the enrichment and betterment of poetic narratology.
Extended Performance Reporting: Evaluating Corporate Social Responsibility And Intellectual Capital Management
Authors: Guthrie James , Cuganesan Suresh , Ward Leanne
Published: January 2017

Recent corporate scandals have resulted in heightened attention towards the shortcomings of traditional financial reporting frameworks. Concurrently, the rise of the corporate social responsibility imperative has led to criticisms that financial reports resent an incomplete account  of a firm‟s activities. In addition, growing acknowledgement of the importance of a firm‟s intangibles and intellectual capital has been associated with increased commentary about the need for extra disclosures if a more complete picture of the firm‟s value is to be provided to external stakeholders. This paper responds to these concerns by developing an extended performance reporting framework to the Australian Food and Beverage Industry, which is characterised by both corporate social responsibility and intellectual capital issues.  In relation to the latter, this framework presents a novel attempt to develop an industry-customised framework as called for by both industry bodies and researchers in the area.
Current Debates in Corporate Social Responsibility: An Agenda for Research
Authors: Crowther David , Martinez Esther Ortiz
Published: January 2017

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has a particular prominence at this point in time, featuring heavily in the discourses of both academe and business. The understanding of what is meant by CSR continues to evolve as a consensus is reached. Nevertheless some important debates continue – or are commencing – which need to be resolved. It is the purpose of this paper to highlight these as some of the current debates within the CSR community – and hence form a significant part of an agenda for research in the area. Specifically we focus upon three key areas for the management of business, namely setting standards for reporting, identifying and implementing sustainable practice, and the management of risk.
The Equator Principles, Project Finance and the Challenge of Social and Environmental Responsibility
Authors: Andrew Jane
Published: January 2017

The Equator Principles, launched in 2003 and revamped in 2006, are a set of voluntary principles designed to help private lenders make socially and environmentally responsible project financing decisions. This paper explores the impact of these principles on the disclosures of two signatory banks, focusing on type of information disclosures that have resulted and the substance of these disclosures. The work considers whether it is  possible to ascertain from publicly available information how the practices of the banks may have changed in order to focus on their stated social and environmental responsibilities. It is concluded that although the Equator Principles have marked the beginning of the banking sectors acknowledgement of their role in social and environmental responsibility, at this stage insufficient information is being disclosed to determine the impact these principles are having on actual banking practices.
Issues in Corporate Social and Environmental Reporting Research: An Overview
Authors: Branco Manuel Castelo , Rodrigues Lúcia Lima
Published: January 2017

This paper provides an analysis of some relevant issues in corporate social and environmental reporting (CSER) research by way of review of relevant literature. Issues in the following two main areas of CSER research are identified: the methodologies used to capture empirical data on CSER; and how to theoretically interpret the trends of CSER. An overview of these issues is provided and some clues to understand what is at stake are offered. We argue that the choice of methods used to collect empirical data on CSER depends upon the context in which the organisations operate and the purpose of the study to be made. Because of the large array of factors affecting companies‟ decisions to engage in social responsibility activities and disclosure, the use of multi-theoretical frameworks is proposed.
Evolving Patterns of Payment Methods in Turkish Foreign Trade
Authors: Turkcan Kemal
Published: January 2017

Serving the global marketplace brings many risks to the firms that they may not have on the domestic side. Apart from financing, trade finance mechanisms assist exporters and importers to mitigate or reduce their risks associated with doing business internationally. The present paper sheds lights on the structure and evaluation of payment methods in international trade as well as their changing composition due to 2008-2009 global financial crisis using a unique bilateral trade finance data from Turkey with 206 countries over the period 2002-2012 at the 2-digit level of ISIC Revision 3. Three key results emerge. First, Turkey’s exports are mainly financed via open account method while the majority of its imports were executed via cash-in advance method. Second, the shares of inter-firm trade finance (open account and cash-in advance) in Turkey’s foreign trade dramatically increased over the period 2002-2012, while the shares of the intermediate trade finance (cash against documents and letter of credit) decreased substantially. Finally, the evidence show that both exporters and importers started to use cash-in advance method, the safest method of payment, more intensively than other methods shortly after the global recession in 2008. Overall, the patterns presented in this paper highlight the fact that Turkish traders are not able to set payment terms that are highly favorable to themselves and bear all risks associated with international trade transactions.
The Relationship between Credit Volume and Current Account Deficit: A Dynamic Analysis for Turkey
Authors: Karahan Pinar , Caglarirmak Uslu Nilgun
Published: January 2017

One of Turkey’s most important macroeconomic problems is persistent current account deficit. Credit volume has been shown as one of the basic determinants of current account rate, especially after the global financial crisis in Turkish economy. The Central Bank of Turkey has begun to implement the policy to ensure financial stability by slowing down credit volume in response to current account deficit affected by rapid credit expansion after the global financial crisis of 2008. In this study, we investigated the relationship between credit volume and current account deficit covering the period of 2005:Q1- 2015:Q3 employing Bound test approach, ARDL model and Kalman filter method. Bound test results suggest the existence of co-integration relationship between current account deficit and credit volume.  ARDL model results indicate that the credit volume is statistical significant and positively affects current account deficit in the short and long run. The results show that a 1 % increase in credit volume leads to nearly a 0.62 % increase in current account deficit. Kalman Filter method results indicate that the effect of credit volume on current account deficit increased after global financial crisis and started to decrease after 2013.
Evolution and volatility of economic multiple value 2005-2015: A comparative analysis
Authors: Fazzini Marco
Published: January 2017

The papers analyzes economic multiple evolution and volatility over ten years. Specifically, the paper investigates the evolution of EV/EBITDA and EV/EBIT multiples value in the period 2005-2015 and demonstrates that: (a) EV/EBITDA and EV/EBIT multiples present an appreciable level of volatility from year to year; (b) EV/EBIT multiple presents a standard deviation higher than that of the EV/EBITDA and (b) EV/EBITDA multiple presents a linear correlation with the beta risk coefficient higher than that of the EV/EBIT. The analysis concerns multiples that refer to the North American market, as it constitutes a relatively homogeneous context from regulatory and GAAP-application points of view, and a reliable and comprehensive time series is available. multiples do not refer to specific companies, but to average sector values, as identified by Bloomberg and Datastream.
What drives the value of football clubs: An approach based on private and socio-emotional benefits
Authors: Tiscini Riccardo , Strologo Alberto Dello
Published: January 2017

The present paper shows how, in the soccer clubs sector, where the average financial results are negative, the value of football clubs is not related to income, but to sales turnover and gives a theoretical explanation for that. The literature has shown that the profitability of the industry is generally negative already at the level of operating profit. However, the difference between market value and book value is broadly positive, showing that the market recognizes to these companies a quid pluris in terms of value, not explained by the most rational and generally accepted methods of business valuation. The present study aims to explain, through an empirical analysis, why the value of a football company can not be estimated only on the basis of expected financial results, but it requires considering the overall benefits for shareholders, represented also by private benefits of control and socio-emotional benefits.
SMME business management: The role of institutions and government
Authors: Cant Michael Colin
Published: January 2017

The role and importance of small, medium and micro-enterprise (SMME) all over the world cannot be disputed. It is a known fact that SMMEs are responsible for the creation of jobs in all economies, and that in Africa, specifically poverty alleviation, economic growth and job creation is in the hands of SMMEs. Many organisations – local and international – invest billions of dollars in the upliftment of SMMEs by means of various actions, interventions and activities. It is also evident that most of these initiatives result in a lot of wastage, or does not reach its potential due to a variety of reasons. Although many of the reasons for this can be laid at the door of the SMMEs themselves, much blame can be appropriated to the institutions themselves. Staff employed to implement these actions are either not committed, or not trained, or not qualified to assist these SMMEs. This has led to the study conducted amongst 946 SMMEs in South Africa, using non-probability sampling regarding their experiences dealing with organisations providing assistance to SMMEs. The focus was on aspects such as: how queries were handled by the various management levels of the institutions, types of queries submitted, type of assistance received, and how problems were overcome by SMMEs. There was a clear indication that there is a lack of commitment from staff of these support organisations, their level of knowledge and their willingness to assist. The majority of respondents indicated that small businesses were not seen as important enough to warrant sufficient and dedicated attention. The nett effect is that the assistance offered to SMMEs is ineffective or not sufficient to address the needs of SMMEs – resulting in a culture by organisations to “just tick the boxes”. Recommendations are made on how the needs of SMMEs can be better addressed by organisations that aim to support and assist SMMEs.
Capital markets union: Factors affecting financial information relevance
Authors: Manzillo Vincenzo Foglia
Published: January 2017

This study examines the European capital markets and the differences in the way in which share prices reflect financial information in light of the European project “Capital Markets Union”. Findings suggest that diversity exists and enforcement regime affects the above relationship. In particular, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are characterized by a weak relationship between prices and accounting information compared to large issuers, but this relationship enhance if the SMEs have an institutional investor as significant shareholder. Finally, findings reveal that whether there are ratings or analyst coverage on an issuer, prices are more linked to expected net income instead of the historical data. These results confirm the goodness of the action plan of building a Capital Markets Union.
Earnings quality and governance quality: A comparative analysis between traditional and new Brazilian capital markets
Authors: Isidro Helena , Martins Maria Manuela , Lopes Ilídio Tomás
Published: January 2017

This research focuses on the relationship between the quality of financial reporting and the level of corporate governance of Brazilian firms, particularly between New Market and Traditional Market. We measure earnings quality based on a widely used accruals model. Governance quality is represented by the type of market the firms chooses to be listed in. Firms that opt for the New Market must apply more stringent governance principles. The empirical analysis shows evidence of a positive relationship between the quality of financial reporting and the level of corporate governance. Thus, firms listed on the New Market characterized by better governance practices evidence better quality financial reporting.
Human resources engagement practices: An investigation of organisational justice perceptions
Authors: Hlongwane Veronica , Ledimo Ophillia
Published: January 2017

Literature assumes that organisational justice has an impact on employee related behaviours. Yet there is limited empirical research on organisational justice and employee engagement to support the literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of organisational justice for human resources engagement practices in a South African public service organisation. Organisational Justice Measurement Instrument (OJMI) was used as a measure of organisational justice and the Ultrech Work Engagement Scale measured the participants’ levels of work engagement. Data was collected from a random sample of employees working in a public service organisation (n=350). Descriptive statistics and correlational analysis were conducted to analyse the data. Results of the correlational analysis indicated a significant correlations between organisational justice and work engagement dimensions namely; vigour, dedication and absorption. In terms of contributions and practical implications, insight gained from the findings is relevant for practitioners and managers in the field of organisational behaviour to initiate interventions to enhance employees’ work engagement levels as well as to conduct future research.
Konstruksi Sosial Kuasa Pengetahuan Zakat : Studi Kasus Lembaga Amil Zakat di Propinsi Jambi dan Sumatera Barat
Authors: Malik Abdul , Hadi Dharmawan Arya , Sumarti Titik
Published: January 2017

The governances of zakat is important to be studied, especially about the dynamics of knowledge, rationality, and interest in zakat governance. This study focused on the battle of knowledge, rationality and conflicts of interest in zakat governance. The approach in this study is a qualitative approach with a methodology constructivism paradigm. The data obtained by phenomenology method with depth interview techniques and documentation. Data were analyzed using structural conflict perspective with Foucaultian style, especially the theory of power and knowledge. The results showed that: there are three spheres of knowledge, that competing to get authorities in the governance of zakat (religious knowledge, modern knowledge and local knowledge). The discourse of the governance of zakat in the LAZ of community was dominated by the religious knowledge and local knowledge, while at the Bazda and LAZ of Semen Padang, discourse is dominated by modern knowledge. Second, the rationality of LAZ of community is asceticism and altruism with the interests of individual piety and social piety, but the rationality of Bazda is developmentalism to achieve integration and uniformity, while the rationality of LAZ Semen Padang is maximize Utility, with profit interests and investment security. Finally, the phenomenon of zakat governances was showed as moral laundering efforts
Are Today's Young Accountants Different? An Intergenerational Comparison of Three Psychological Attributes
Authors: Fogarty Timothy J. , Reinstein Alan , Heath Rebekah S.
Published: January 2017

SYNOPSIS

Much has been written about the so-called “millennial generation.” Many commentators believe that Millennials possess values and preferences that render them qualitatively different from the cohorts that preceded them. These writers have suggested, often without benefit of empirical evidence, that such differences will consequentially affect social institutions such as the accounting profession. This paper compares the generation of millennial individuals who are currently entering accounting with previous generational groups, represented by Baby Boomers, who entered the profession in the 1980s, and older students and younger professionals (Generation X). The results suggest that few personality differences exist to support the premise that the millennial generation now entering the accounting profession is truly unique. For the most part, differences are limited to growth need strength, and do not appear in locus of control or need to achieve. Implications for practice management are drawn.
Market Reaction to Auditor Ratification Vote Tally
Authors: Tanyi Paul N. , Roland Kristin C.
Published: January 2017

SYNOPSIS

This paper provides empirical evidence that the proportion of shareholder votes against the ratification of the auditor is informative to investors' perception of the auditor-client relationship. We find that lower shareholder approval of the auditor is associated with a negative market reaction to the 8-K announcement of the auditor ratification vote. Additionally, we find that the market reaction is more negative when a high level of auditor dissatisfaction is likely a surprise to investors, such as when audit and auditor characteristics suggest that the auditor provides high audit quality. We provide confirming evidence that withheld votes are associated with a higher likelihood of a future auditor dismissal and that the market reaction to the dismissal is more positive for firms with lower shareholder approval of the auditor.

JEL Classifications: G34; G30; M40.
How to Choose Where to Publish Your Work
Authors: Abbott J. Haxby
Published: January 2017

So, you've written a manuscript: poured your sweat and inspiration into it; pored over every word, every sentence, in the hope that it will be published and that others will read it and be edified. How do you decide where to submit it? JOSPT Editor-in-Chief J. Haxby Abbott identifies the factors that authors should take into consideration and predatory practices that authors should avoid when deciding where to submit their work. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(1):6–10. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.0102
Predatory Journals Threaten the Quality of Published Medical Research
Authors: Beall Jeffrey
Published: January 2017

Ever since scholarly open-access publishing started to gain a foothold over a decade ago, many hundreds of open-access journals and publishers have emerged around the world, including many journals that are dependent exclusively on payments from authors to meet their expenses. The purpose of this Viewpoint is to describe the negative aspects of predatory publishing and how the behaviors of such publishers erode the principles of the peer-review system. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(1):3–5. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.0601
Pseudo-aneurysm: A Rare Complication of Ankle Arthroscopy
Authors: Davis Mathew , Brooks David , Bryceson William
Published: January 2017

A 53-year-old woman underwent arthroscopic ankle debridement for posttraumatic arthrofibrosis 2 years following a bimalleolar ankle fracture. Twelve months postarthroscopy, the patient returned to physical therapy with a 2-week history of pain and prominent swelling to her anterior ankle. Urgent follow-up was arranged with an orthopaedic surgeon, who ordered a radiograph and magnetic resonance imaging, which demonstrated a large heterogeneous mass. Doppler ultrasound was also ordered and confirmed the mass to be a pseudo-aneurysm of the anterior tibial artery. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(1):42. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.5544
Determination of errors that compromise the quality of laboratory service in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Kimengech Kenneth Kipruto , Waithaka Stanley Kinge , Onyuka Jackson , Kigondu Christine Sekadde
Published: January 2017

Background: Clinical Laboratory testing is a highly complex process that entails numerous procedures. Although it has been known that laboratory testing services are safe, it is increasingly becoming a common knowledge that they are not that safe. Studies have indicated that there are a number of errors that occur due to laboratory testing processes. These errors may not be realized easily during the testing process, but they make significant impact on the results given.Aims and Objective: To determine the levels of pre-analytical, analytical, and post analytical errors found in the analysis of Clinical Laboratory specimen at Kenyatta National Hospital.Materials and Methods: A prospective and descriptive study was carried out at Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kenyatta National Hospital. A total of 346 request forms, specimens/samples and dispatched results were scrutinized and errors documented as per the different variables in the different phases, over a period of three months and the findings were analyzed.Results: Results of the study showed that Preanalytical errors were most common with a frequency of 148(42.8%), followed by analytical errors 114 (32.9%) and post analytical errors 84 (24.3%), respectively.Conclusions: The study concludes that pre-analytical, analytical, and post analytical errors are errors that compromise the quality of laboratory service delivery, which impacts on the patient management and diagnosis. Clinical laboratory errors can be minimized if due diligence and professionalism is adhered in the laboratory.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 64-70
An open label randomized comparative study on axillary vis a vis supraclavicular approaches for brachial plexus block in forearm surgery
Authors: Gupta Amar Nath , Das K K
Published: January 2017

Aims and Objectives: Regional anesthesia like brachial plexus blocks are increasingly practiced now a day’s avoiding the complications of general anesthesia for upper limb surgery. Among the many techniques axillary and supraclavicular approaches are common though both have its merits and demerits. This study was planned to compare these two techniques in terms of onset, completion time of sensory and motor blockade, its duration and overall success during upper limb surgeries. Materials and Methods: After obtaining institutional ethics committee approval and written informed consent, 100 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I or II scheduled for forearm and hand surgeries were included in the study and were randomly allocated into two groups. 30ml of the 0.5% bupivacaine was injected either by supraclavicular or axillary route by a single trained experienced anesthetist. The onset and completion time of sensory and motor blockade, its duration and overall success were noted and the collected data was statistically analyzed.Results: The patients (n=100) predominantly female (56%) with comparable demographic profile found to have equal efficacy in onset of sensory block, extent of motor blockade, duration of block (analgesia) in both the group. However considering overall effectiveness of the techniques including their failure rates, axillary approach appeared to be more acceptable and a better technique (p<0.05).Conclusion: Axillary approach could be a safer choice among regional block for the conduct of upper limb surgery.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 71-76
A study of vascular endothelial growth factor in the cord blood of pre-eclamptics and healthy pregnant women
Authors: Rawat Anita , Gangwar Anil Kumar , Ghildiyal Archana , Srivastava Neena , Tiwari Sunita , Singh Uma
Published: January 2017

Background: Pre-eclampsia(PE) is  the  most  frequently encountered  medical  complication  during  pregnancy. In developing countries PE   is a principal cause of maternal mortality. A disturbance  in  the  angiogenic/antiangiogenic  factors  and  in  the  hypoxia/placental re-oxygenation  process,  seems  to  activate a maternal  endothelial  dysfunction.Aims and Objective: To estimate Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ( VEGF )  level  in the cord blood of healthy and Preeclamptic ( PEc ) pregnant women and to associate this with Preeclamptic pregnancy.Material and Methods: A case-control study ofUmbilical cord serum VEGF levels from women with uncomplicated pregnancies (control group, n=60) and pregnancies complicated by Pre-eclampsia (n=40). VEGF in the cord serum was estimated by SANDWICH Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay method by using ELISA Kit and then compared between the two groups.Results: The mean VEGF concentrations in the women who had pre-eclampsia  (578.62±468.3)  were lower than in the control group( 625.75±533.1) , but the difference was not statistically significant ( p= 0.8548).  Conclusion VEGF plays a key role in the instability between endothelial dysfunction and angiogenesis that occurs during Preeclampsia.  VEGF levels might be a useful tool for the early diagnosis of Pre-eclampsia.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 21-25
Fear and Anxiety among patients treated by scaling in Periodontally healthy subjects
Authors: Setty Swati , Kannur Pooja , Thakur Srinath L
Published: January 2017

Background: Anxiety and fear experience represent significant problems in dental practice and are the factors that discourage the demand for treatment. They affect the use of health care services, treatment decision-making, and responses to periodontal treatment.Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate fear and anxiety in patients undergoing scaling and root planing.Materials and Methods: Total of 80 patients were selected and grouped into 20-35 yrs and 40-55 yrs and each age group had 20 males and 20 females, so  40 were males and 40 were females. They were given a structured questionnaire dealing with dental fear and dental anxiety to fill. Statistical analysis was done by Tukey’s multiple post hoc, Two-way ANOVA and Chi –square test.Results: The mean dental anxiety score (DAS) for males was 6.67±3.24 and for females it was 6.57±2.30. The mean DAS score for 20-35yrs was 6.025±2.37 and for 40-55yrs it was 7.22±3.02. But statistically significant difference was not found in the DAS scores in both sex and age groups. The mean dental fear survey (DFS) for males was 28.9±9.4 and for females was 30.5±6.56. The mean DFS score for 20-35yrs was 28.42±8.06 and for 40-55yrs it was 30.97±7.89. But this in the DFS scores was also not found statistically significant in both sex and age groups. When DAS and DFS scores were compared, there was a statistically significant correlation.Conclusion: An understanding of the presence of the anxiety and fear can help dentists to understand what patients feel about dental treatment procedures and aid dentist efforts to improve patients care. They should treat patients and seek to avoid fear and anxiety and discomfort in their patients caused by the treatment.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 77-81
Correlation between maxillary sinus floor topography and relative root position of posterior teeth using Orthopantomograph and Digital Volumetric Tomography
Authors: Kalkur Chaithra , Sattur Atul P , Guttal Kruthika S , Naikmasur Venkatesh G , Burde Krishna
Published: January 2017

Background: Maxillary sinus and its close proximity to the oral cavity make it a common clinical concern for medical and dental practitioners. Due to anatomical complexities, it is difficult to evaluate the relation between the root apices of maxillary posterior teeth and the floor of maxillary sinus which is essential for diagnosis of sinus pathology, understanding the path of dental infection and planning of dental treatment.Aims and Objectives: To correlate the topographic relationship of the maxillary sinus floor to the maxillary posterior teeth roots as imaged by pairs of Orthopantomograph (OPG) and Digital Volumetric Tomography images (DVT).Materials and Methods: A total of 510 maxillary teeth from 85 patients were classified according to their topographic relationship to the maxillary sinus and measured according to their projection lengths on the sinus cavity using OPG and DVT modalities.Results: In cases of classification 0, 85% and in classification 1 , 55.3% cases shows similar classification in both OPG and DVT. 28.5% of cases in both imaging modalities show classification 2. Only 15.9% of teeth roots exhibits classification 3. 11.1% of cases showed classification 4.The panoramic radiograph showed a statistically significant 2.24 times longer root projection on the sinus cavity in  OPG comparison to DVT images.Conclusion: Teeth roots projecting in to the sinus in OPG, shows no vertical protrusion in to the sinus in DVT images. Hence DVT was better than OPG with measurements that were more exact and closer to anatomical reality.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 26-31
Pharmacological and biochemical modulation of stress markers by L-NAME and L-Ascorbic acid in chronic restraint model in Wistar rats
Authors: Pal Giridhari , Rohil Vishwajeet , Akhtar Razi , Behl Tapan , Bharati Sudha , Swain Trupti Rekha , Imran Mohammed , Jena Jyotirmoyee
Published: January 2017

Background: Stress is the psycho-physiologic reaction of the body to diverse stimuli including emotional or physical stimuli that imbalance the homeostasis and is also known to trigger various stress markers. Despite the stressors of different types, chronic stress in particular, is known to influence the physiological milieu and breakdown of adaptive mechanisms consequently aggravating the morbid states.  Aims and Objectives: The present study was designed to evaluate the modulatory role of stress marker by N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) and L-Ascorbic acid (L-AA) in experimental model of chronic restraint stress (RSx21) in Wistar rats.Materials and Methods: MDA and GSH levels were determined by the method of Okhawa et al 1979 and Ellman 1959 respectively, the SOD and catalase levels were estimated by the method of Nandi and Chatterjee 1988 and Aebi 1984 respectively.Results: Results from our study reveal the significant enhancement of malondialdehyde (MDA) level while significant attenuation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase levels in chronic stress group compared with vehicle (non-stress) group. The MDA level was found to be increased by L-NAME (10 and 50 mg/kg) in chronic restraint (RSx21) induced rats as compared to vehicle treated RS group. Antioxidant L-AA (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly reduced MDA level in chronic stress situation. However, L-NAME and L-Ascorbic Acid were found to cause an increase in level of plasma SOD, GSH and catalase when compared with vehicle treated RS group. On the other hand, L-AA (100 and 200 mg/kg) reversed these RS induced changes in these oxidative parameters.Conclusions: Hence, results from the study underlined the intricate role of antioxidants as evidenced by reversal of oxidative stress markers that command a vital role in the development of morbid condition.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 15-20