bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Returning to the Stairs
Authors: Arlander Annette
Published: December 2022

This digital media exploration consists of the video “Returning to the Stairs” (20 min.) made in 2020 and a short text discussing the work in terms of temporality and a possible relationship to cinematic self-portraiture, based on a voice-over narration performed live as an accompaniment to the video.
Non-Actor as Performer
Authors: Clara Kundin
Published: December 2022

As interactive theater becomes more popular, two recent productions at Arizona State University took this trend to a new level by placing a non-actor on the stage to be integrated into the performance, watched by the rest of the audience. In Healing Wars, created by Liz Lerman and directed and choreographed by Keith Thompson, a non-actor was brought into the company to perform each night as the Vet. In Sojourn Theatre’s Don’t Go, co-directed by Michael Rohd and Nik Zaleski, four new non-actors were chosen for each show and integrated into the performance. The use of non-actor as performer was designed to create a distancing effect in each show between performance and reality, but the method of integration between non-actor and production was unique, resulting in radically different audience reactions.
Beyond Text: Learning Through Arts-Based Research
Authors: Layton James
Published: December 2022

Book review of: Beyond Text: Learning Through Arts-Based Research
PENGARUH SKEPTISME PROFESIONAL, TIME PRESSURE, LOCUS OF CONTROL, KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL, DAN PENGALAMAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN AUDITOR MENDETEKSI KECURANGAN
Authors: Halimatusyadiah Halimatusyadiah , Ilyas Fitrawati , Oktora Bunga Ega
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh skeptisme professional, time pressure, locus of control, kecerdasan emosional, dan pegalaman terhadap kemampuan auditor mendeteksi kecurangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan data primer melalui metode survei. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah auditor di BPKP Perwakilan Provinsi Bengkulu. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, dengan kriteria auditor yang telah berpengalaman minimal 2 tahun. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 50 auditor. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa: skeptisme profesional, time pressure, locus of control, kecerdasan emosional, dan pengalaman berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan auditor mendeteksi kecurangan.
Corruption: Not A Taboo For Indonesians
Authors: Syauki Ahmad , Fasa Muhammad Iqbal , Suharto Suharto
Published: December 2022

Permasalahan korupsi tidak pernah lepas dari kehidupan manusia dari zaman dahulu hingga sekarang. Korupsi merupakan suatu penyakit sosial yang akan menimbulkan suatu efek candu bagi para pelakunya. Selain merugikan negara, korupsi juga merugikan diri sendiri karena jika seseorang sudah terjerat dalam perilaku koruptif ia akan terus melakukannya hingga suatu saat perbuatannya diketahui pihak berwenang. Penulis ingin membuka pikiran masyarakat mengenai korupsi dan perilaku koruptif sehingga diharapkan akan menyadarkan pembaca bahwa korupsi bukanlah perilaku yang harus dibanggakan. Data mengatakan kasus korupsi di Indonesia dominan mengalami kenaikan tiap tahunnya dan ini bukanlah kabar baik.  Data juga mengatakan dari 2004-2018 hanya segelintir kasus korupsi di Indonesia yang dapat mencapai meja hijau pengadilan, ini berarti Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) seolah kewalahan dalam menangani kasus-kasus tersebut. Selain tindakan represif, penindakan secara preventif seperti pendidikan antikorupsi sejak dini juga harus dilakukan untuk memutus lingkaran setan ini. Karya ini memakai metode yuridis normatif melalui pendekatan aturan perundangan, kasus, dan konseptual.
KOMPOSISI GIZI DAN SIFAT SENSORIS SNACK BAR DENGAN VARIASI RASIO TEPUNG GEMBILI (Dioscorea esculenta L.) DAN TEPUNG PISANG (Musa paradisiaca L.)
Authors: Dewi Fransisca Amanda Sari , Wulandari Yustina Wuri , Widanti Yannie Asrie
Published: December 2022

Snack bar adalah suatu makanan ringan yang berbentuk batang dan pada umumnya dikonsumsi sebagai makanan selingan. Pada penelitian ini bahan baku yang digunakan adalah tepung gembili dan tepung pisang. Penggunaan gembili dan pisang ini dikarenakan kandungan karbohidrat yang terdapat di dalam kedua jenis produk pertanian ini cukup tinggi, selain itu belum adanya pemanfaatan kedua jenis produk pertanian ini secara bersamaan digabungkan dalam satu produk pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh dari beberapa variasi rasio tepung gembili dan tepung pisang serta tepung  variasi jenis pisang  pada snack bar serta mengetahui komposisi gizi dan sensoris snack bar berbasis tepung gembili dan tepung  variasi jenis pisang. Komposisi gizi yang dihasilkan oleh snack bar ini adalah kadar air sebesar 8.11 – 8.84%, kadar abu sebesar 2.29 – 2.81%,  kadar lemak sebesar 16.57 – 23.00%, kadar protein sebesar 6.35 – 7.98%, kadar karbohidrat sebesar 59.00 – 65.32% dan kadar serat pangan sebesar 8.46 – 13.72%. Hasil uji organoleptik terbaik parameter warna adalah pisang kepok putih rasio 60:40, parameter tekstur keras adalah pisang raja rasio 60:40, parameter rasa pisang adalah pisang kepok putih rasio 70:30, parameter flavor pisang adalah pisang kepok rasio 70:30, parameter kepadatan adalah pisang kepok putih rasio 50:50 dan parameter kesukaan keseluruhan adalah pisang kepok putih rasio 60:40.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN INFUSED WATER APEL (Malus domestica) - KAYU MANIS (Cinnamon burmannii) DENGAN VARIASI PENAMBAHAN KURMA (Phoenix dactylifera L) DAN LAMA PERENDAMAN
Authors: Triyani Haztien Silmi , Karyantina Merkuria , Suhartatik Nanik
Published: December 2022

Water, one of the most important elements of the body and one of the macro substances, has the similar role as carbohydrates, fats and proteins for us humans. Humans cannot survive in few days without drinking. Toxins in human body can be cleansed by consuming water regularly. Infused water alternately becomes the another option to encourage people to drink much water. Furthermore, infused water can help out many people who do not have time or do not like eating fruits. However, many people do not drink water because of their personal reason although infused water might become the second opinion after pure water, and can increase an appetite because of the fruit color. Based on the reason above, the research purposes were appointed to examine the effect of the added date palm and soaking time towards the levels of anti-oxidant in apple-cinnamon infused water. The study was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with 2 factors. In the first factor, the research media was added with dates (0, 10, and 20 grams), and the second factor, the media was measured from its soaking time (4, 8, and 12 hours). The research was initiated by creating of apple-cinnamon infused water with the aadditional various dates. Then, conducting various analyses like chemical analysis, total sugar content analysis, vitamin C, DPPH and FRAP antioxidant activity, total phenol, total solids, and pH. The optimum result was emerged when the additional 10 gram of dates and 4 hours of immersion time were combined. The characteristics of infused water are total sugar 24.37%, vitamin C 11.39 mg / 100 ml, 34.82% RSA DPPH, FRAP value 5.15%, total phenol 18.51 mg gallic acid / 100 ml, total solids 4.75oBrix, and the degree of acidity (pH) 5.65.
POTENTIAL ADDITION OF Lactobacillus casei AND FLOUR OF AMBON BANANA TO INHIBIT PATHOGENS AT YOGURT
Authors: Handayani Isti , Aini Nur
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Lactobacillus casei and Ambon banana flour on the viability of lactic acid bacteria and inhibition of pathogens in yogurt. The studies used the Randomized Block Design (RBD) 2 factor, starter type and ambon banana flour concentration. The starters type consisting of Streptococcus thermophillus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus; S. thermophilus, L. bulgaricus and L. casei.  The banana flour concentration consisting of 0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5 and 10%. Analyzed used one-way ANOVA and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Variables observed including the viability of lactic acid bacteria, inhibition of pathogen (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus), and yogurt preference. The results showed that the addition of L. casei to yogurt cultures decreased the viability of lactic acid bacteria and inhibition of E. coli but increased inhibition of S. aureus. Increasing the concentration of banana flour causes increased viability of lactic acid bacteria, inhibiting against E. coli and S. aureus. The highest lactic acid bacteria viability has resulted in 10% banana flour concentration. Yogurt without the addition of banana flour cannot inhibit E. coli and S. aureus. Increasing the concentration of banana flour added to yogurt causes a decrease in preference.
PERUBAHAN TINGKAT KESUKAAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP PRODUK KEMBANG GOYANG SELAMA PENYIMPANAN
Authors: Nurcahyani Dwi , Widanti Yannie Asrie , Suhartatik Nanik , Nuraini Vivi
Published: December 2022

Kembang goyang merupakan makanan tradisional Indonesia yang terbuat dari adonan kental yang dicetak menggunakan alat berbentuk bunga (kembang). Penyimpanan dalam jangka waktu yang lama akan mempengaruhi mutu sensoris. Pengujian dilakukan dengan cara kembang goyang yang dikemas dengan plastik polyetilen (PE), dilakukan penyimpanan selama 18 hari dengan suhu 25, 35, dan 45. Uji kesukaan (hedonik) dilakukan pada hari ke-0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, dan 18 yang dilakukan oleh 19 panelis. Parameter yang digunakan untuk pengujian berupa kerenyahan, warna, aroma dan keseluruhan, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan dengan uji anova. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian kadar air didapatkan nilai 1,57%, kadar abu 1,27%, kadar lemak 10,41%, kadar protein 5,70%, dan kadar karbohidrat 81,07%. Tingkat kesukaan kerenyahan terendah yaitu 1,87 (sangat tidak suka) pada penyimpanan hari ke-18 dengan suhu 25. Tingkat kesukaan warna terendah yaitu 1,46 (sangat tidak suka) pada penyimpanan hari ke-18 dengan suhu 45 Tingkat kesukaan aroma terendah yaitu 2,00 (tidak suka) pada hari ke-15 dengan suhu 25. Tingkat kesukaan keseluruhan terendah yaitu 1,51 (sangat tidak suka) pada hari ke-18 suhu 25. Kembang goyang sebaiknya disimpan pada suhu antara 35-45 dengan lama penyimpanan 6 hari.
Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Sensori Stik Ampas Tahu Substitusi Tepung Mocaf dan Penambahan Bayam Hijau (Amaranthus hybridus L)
Authors: Ilene Putri Yassinta Arnanda , Wulandari Yustina Wuri , Widanti Yannie Asrie
Published: December 2022

Stick is a snacksthat haveslong, flat, savory andscrunchy taste madesfrom flour, eggs, butter, water and othersadditional seasonings. Food by-product from tofu has the potential to be used as an ingredientsfor stick makingsbecause of high protein and fiber content. In addition, local rawsmaterials such as mocaf floursand green spinach are rich in fiber content that can fulfill fiber needs of the body. This research is experimentswith purpose was to determine the physical, chemical, sensory characteristics and determine the formulation of sticks that produce high levels of fiber andsprotein. The experimental design is a completely randomized design (CRD) with the first factorscomparing tofu waste flour and mocaf flour (50: 150, 100: 100 and 150: 50) with the additionsof spinach (10%, 20% and 30%). The results showed that the stick formulation with the additionsof the best green spinach based on chemical and organoleptic values were 150 grams of tofuswaste flour, 50 grams of mocaf flour with the addition of 60 grams spinach that have a moisture content 3.742%, an ash content 2.353%, a protein 8.317 %, crude fiber 1.997%, fat 12.115% andscarbohydrate 73.473%. Based on the physical andsorganoleptic values, the tofu dregs flour was 50 grams, 150 grams of mocaf flour with the addition of 20 grams of spinach, the color yield was 2.467%, the flavor of tofu by product 2.200%, the flavor of mocaf was 2.467%, the flavor of spinach was 2.200%, the texture was crispy 3.800% and the total preference was 3.200%.s
Preservative of Coconut Sap Shelf Life derived from Mangosteen Yellow Latex
Authors: Adisetya Erista , Krisdiarto Andreas Wahyu
Published: December 2022

The quality of coconut sap (nira) is a significant aspect of the manufacturing of palm sugar. Coconut nira deteriorates fast, and handling nira in the field is challenging due to the long duration of the tapping process, and coconut trees are high, making it tough to reach. The use of natural preservatives to nira help in the preservation of its quality prior to processing. The objectives of this study are to 1) develop a natural coconut nira preservatives formula from mangosteen yellow latex and 2) evaluate the dose of preservatives necessary to maximize nira's shelf life. The study employed a randomized complete analysis with four preservative concentrations of 0%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%. and four different storage durations: zero hours, six hours, twelve hours, and twenty-four hours.  Chemical analysis of pH, total acid, total sugar, and reduced sugar was performed, as well as sensory evaluation. The study concluded that yellow mangosteen latex can help in the preservation of coconut nira. Preservative concentrations of 1.5% and 2% are still acceptable in 12 hours of storage. While a concentration of 1% is allowed for storage of up to 6 hours. If no preservatives are applied, nira should be processed shortly after harvesting. Nira's quality is deplorable after 24 hours of storage.
Yoghurt Susu Kacang Arab (Cicer arietinum L.) dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) dan Variasi Jenis Gula
Authors: Nurwidyana Utami Wanda , Suhartatik Nanik , Mustofa Akhmad
Published: December 2022

Kacang arab mengandung protein dan senyawa fenolik yang tinggi. Kandungan senyawa bioaktif dan nutrisi fungsional seperti antioksidan, fenolik, dan flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh karakteristik kimia dan sensori dari penambahan ekstrak buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) dan variasi jenis gula pada yoghurt  susu kacang arab (Cicer arietinum L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor I ialah perbandingann susu kacang arab dan ekstrak buah naga merah  (190;10, 185;15, 180;20). Faktor II ialah variasi jenis gula (Gula Pasir, Gula Batu, Gula Aren). Yoghurt kemudian diuji protein, gula total, pH, aktivitas antioksidan, fenol dan flavonoid juga analisis sensori. Hasil penelitian kemudian dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variace (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa yoghurt dengan penambahan ekstrak buah naga merah dan variasi jenis gula berpengaruh (α<0,05) terhadap aktivitas antioksidan, total fenol, total flavonoid dan pH juga berpengaruh (α<0,05) terhadap warna, flavor kacang arab dan kesukaan keseluruhan. Perlakuan terbaik adalah perbandingan susu kacang arab dan ekstrak buah naga merah (180:20) dengan variasi jenis gula (Gula pasir). Yoghurt susu kacang arab dengan perlakuan terbaik memiliki aktivitas antikosidan 49,84%; total fenol 1,085 mg GAE/ml; total flavonoid 0,0114 mg CEQ/L; pH 4,0; warna (2,72); flavor buah naga merah (3,35); flavor kacang arab (2,43); tekstur kental (3,31); rasa asam (3,25); dan kesukaan keseluruhan (3,75).
Sifat Fisikokimia dan Tingkat Kesukaan Bubur Instan Campuran Labu Kuning, Beras Merah dan Kacang Tunggak (Vigna unguiculata)
Authors: Sari Febby Intan , Slamet Agus , Kanetro Bayu
Published: December 2022

Bubur instan merupakan bubur yang telah mengalami proses pengolahan lebih lanjut sehingga dalam penyajiannya tidak diperlukan proses pemasakan. Penyajian bubur instan dapat dilakukan hanya dengan menambahkan air panas. Pemanfaatan beras merah, labu kuning dan kacang tunggak sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bubur instan merupakan alternatif diversifikasi pangan instan yang mempunyai sifat fisik, kimia yang memenuhi syarat dan disukai panelis. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan  pola faktorial 2 faktor dengan 2 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah rasio beras merah, labu kuning dan kacang tunggak dengan perbandingan 1:1:1, 1:2:1, dan 1:3:1. Faktor kedua adalah suhu pengeringan sebanyak 3 taraf yaitu 130°C, 140°C, dan 150°C. Bubur instan yang dihasilkan  dilakukan uji fisik, tingkat kesukaan dan analisis kimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, ada pengaruh rasio beras merah, labu kuning, dan kacang tunggak serta suhu pengeringan terhadap sifat fisik, kimia dan tingkat kesukaan bubur instan, yaitu penurunan rendemen, penurunan densitas kamba dan penurunan intensitas warna. Bubur instan yang paling disukai panelis adalah bubur instan dengan rasio beras merah, labu kuning, dan kacang tunggak 1:2:1 serta suhu pengeringan 140°C yang memiliki kadar air 5,69%, kadar abu 2,34%, kadar protein 14,48%, kadar lemak 4,17%, aktivitas antioksidan 26,46% RSA, total fenol 11,52 mg EAG/g dan kadar beta karoten 127,5 µg/g.
Illness Risk Perceptions and Efficacy Beliefs Among Indonesian in the Course of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lolita Lolita , Ikhsanudin Azis
Published: December 2022

COVID-19, a worldwide pandemic, has posed a significant challenge to public health systems worldwide. Health risk perception and efficacy belief are primary constructs influencing individuals' protective behavior due to the outbreak. Our study investigated each item of illness risk perception, efficacy belief, and its related factors concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 227 respondents aged 17 to 70. Data collection was conducted using convenience sampling by distributing the web questionnaire between April and July 2020. Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis bivariate analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0 to assess the relationship between individual characteristic factors, illness risk perception, and efficacy belief. The study established that respondents had a medium to a high level of illness risk perception and a reasonable efficacy belief in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. Region (p=0.027) and occupation (p=0.036) differences were significantly associated with the threat and severity perception, respectively. Smoking history (p=0.037), supplement use (p=0.029), and occupation (p=0.018) differences were significantly associated with self-efficacy. Meanwhile, gender (p=0.045) differences were significantly associated with response efficacy. Therefore, the public's illness risk perception and efficacy belief could be substantial in planning, modifying, and implementing a coordinated response for risk communication in current and future epidemics.
Antibiotics Resistant Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Spoiled Avocado Fruit Sold in Sokoto Metropolis
Authors: Aliero Adamu Almustapha , Turba Felicia Yakubu , Bagudo Ahmad Ibrahim , Folake Abdul’azeez Aishat , Manga Sule Sahabi
Published: December 2022

Consuming fruit contaminated with bacteria remains a crucial route of foodborne infection in developing countries and creates a severe public health burden. The research aimed to determine the antibiotic-resistant pattern of bacteria associated with the spoilage of Avocado pear (Persea americana) sold in the Sokoto metropolis. Twenty spoilt avocado fruits were obtained from market three in Sokoto Metropolis. The bacteriological analysis was carried out using the pour plate method. The antibiotic resistance pattern was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. A total of five species of bacteria were isolated and identified in this study. The mean and standard error of total viable bacterial counts of avocado samples across three different locations ranged from 4.20±5.77 to 8.43±33.49 (x 104CFU/g). A total of 19 bacterial isolates were identified from avocado samples. Staphylococcus aureus had the highest frequency of occurrence, 16 (29.2%), while Klebsiella sp. had the lowest frequency of occurrence, 7 (12.7%). Among all antibiotics tested against bacterial species, Escherichia coli isolates were found to have 10 (91%) and 9 (82%) resistance against ciprofloxacin and streptomycin, respectively. Pseudomonas sp. was found to be 100% resistant to chloramphenicol and Septrin (cotrimoxazole). However, S. aureus was found to have 12 (72%) resistance to pefloxacin. Similarly, Klebsiella spp. were found to be 7 (100%) resistant to Septrin. Isolation of these bacterial species, especially E. coli from avocado samples analyzed, is of public health significance, especially the presence of antibiotic resistance species.
Antioxidant Activity of 96% Ethanol Extract of Pepaya Jepang Leaves (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I. M. Johnst) Using DPPH Method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)
Authors: Riskianto Riskianto , Windi Melieta , Karnelasatri Karnelasatri , Aruan Maroloan
Published: December 2022

Free radicals in the human body can be helped neutralized by natural antioxidants derived from plants. Pepaya Jepang (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M.Johnst) contains antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids and polyphenols. This study examined the antioxidant activity of 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius leaves. Maceration of C. aconitifolius leaves using 96% ethanol solvent, phytochemical screening, and antioxidant activity assay was carried out with 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryl Hydrazil (DPPH) on 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius. Extraction obtained a yield of 16.1834%, and phytochemical screening on the 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius contained flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols, alkaloids, and steroids. The antioxidant activity assay on 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius had an IC50 value of 145.3855 ppm and an IC50 value of vitamin C of 7.0806 ppm. The Antioxidant Activity Index (AAI) of 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius was 0.4127, and the AAI of vitamin C was 8.4739. Based on the results obtained, although in a weak classification, a 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius leaves has antioxidant activity.
Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) Stem and Their Evaluation Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Profile
Authors: Nur Syamsu , Sami Fitriyanti Jumaetri , Marwati Marwati , Nursamsiar Nursamsiar , Fadri Alfat , Khairuddin Khairuddin
Published: December 2022

The black mulberry (Morus nigra) plant has been widely developed for its bioactivity as natural medicine. This study evaluated plant extracts' total phenolic and flavonoid content and their correlation to M. nigra stem's antioxidant activity and toxicity. Dry powder from the M. nigra stem was extracted by maceration with 96% ethanol to obtain a thick extract (TE) and fractionated using hexane (HF), ethyl acetate (EAF), and ethanol-aqueous (EF). The samples were analyzed for a compound using reagents and the determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content. The samples were evaluated for antioxidant activity using several parameters and their cytotoxic effects using the BSLT method. Identification of compounds in EAF was confirmed to contain phenolic, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, and terpenoids. EAF showed higher phenolic and flavonoid content than others. The evaluation of antioxidant activity showed that extracts and fractions from M. nigra stems showed the ability to reduce ions and free radicals. EF sample has activity in reducing Mo (IV) ion by TAC method of 98.82±0.53 µM/mg, indicating substantial antioxidant capacity. In addition, EAF samples showed potential activity in reducing DPPH, hydroxyl, and peroxide radicals in the β-carotene bleaching method with IC50 values of 12.13, 42.06, and 57.6 µg/mL, respectively. Similar activity was also seen in the cytotoxic effect of a robust EAF sample with an LC50 value of 16.31 µg/mL. The results show that EAF can be developed as a raw material for traditional medicine as an antioxidant and anticancer candidate with a significant flavonoid and phenolics content.
Antibacterial Activity and TLC-Densitometric Analysis of Secondary Metabolites in the Leaves of the Traditional Herb, Melastoma malabathricum L.
Authors: Mayasari Dian , Murti Yosi Bayu , Pratiwi Sylvia Utami Tunjung , Sudarsono Sudarsono
Published: December 2022

Indonesia is rich in the biodiversity of medicinal plants used traditionally for healing several ailments. Melastoma malabathricum L. is one of the traditional herbs used to treat many diseases. A TLC-densitometric method was developed for determining secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds and their related compounds, M. malabathricum leaves from Riau, Indonesia. This study investigated the secondary metabolites of M. malabathricum extract by spraying reagent: FeCl3, p-anisaldehyde, and cerium (IV) sulfate and followed by antibacterial assay through broth macro dilution method. Densitometric qualitative analysis of phenolic compounds and their related compounds was employed to examine peaks of the M. malabathricum extract through winCATS software. After spraying with particular reagents, the three extracts showed various spots/bands with several colors and exhibited peaks in TLC densitogram profiles. Three extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The result showed that ethyl acetate extract revealed excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with MIC values of 3.125±0.6 mg/mL and 6.25±0.5 mg/mL, respectively. Owing to the presence of a wide variety of secondary metabolites, the leaf extract of M. malabathricum is expected to exhibit and help develop as a therapeutic agent.
Cover, Content, and Editorial Note from Borneo J Pharm Vol. 5 No. 4 November 2022
Authors: Borneo J Pharm Chief Editor of
Published: December 2022

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. The next edition of the Borneo Journal of Pharmacy (Borneo J Pharm) has been published in November 2022. This edition contains ten articles: Pharmacology-Toxicology, Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Pharmaceutical, Analytical Pharmacy-Medicinal Chemistry, Microbiology Pharmacy, Natural Product Development, and Clinical-Community Pharmacy. This edition includes writings from three countries: China, Indonesia, and Nigeria. The authors come from several institutions, including IPB University, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Adamawa State Polytechnic, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Universitas Abdurrab, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Borneo Lestari, Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Institut Sains dan Teknologi Nasional, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.
Editorial boards are fully aware that there is still room for improvement in this edition; hence with all humility, willing to accept constructive suggestions and feedback for improvements to the publication for the next editions. The editorial board would like to thank all editors and reviewers, and contributors of the scientific articles who have provided the repertoire in this issue. We hope that all parties, especially the contributors, can re-participate for publication in the next edition on February 2023.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
A Study on Relationship Between Crypto Currency, Commodity and Foreign Exchange Rate
Authors: Ibrahim Jerina , Ali Basah Mohamad Yazis
Published: December 2022

Bitcoin is one of the crypto currencies which is increasingly popular as a digital currency. Bitcoin is a digital asset that can be accepted by global modern society nowadays. Bitcoin can be used in online transactions either for the purchase of goods or services. This study aims to find out the significant relationship between Bitcoin, gold, crude oil, and USD. In addition, this study also examines the causal relationship that exists between Bitcoin with each variable, whether bitcoin affects the variable or independent variable affects bitcoin. The data used is secondary data obtained from historical data in investing.com starting from September 2015 until September 2020. This data was analyzed using Regression and Correlation, Unit Root Test and Pairwise Granger Causality to see the relationship and influence between variables. The results show that there is a significant relationship between bitcoin, gold, and crude oil. While there is an insignificant relationship with the USD.  The study also shows that there is a positive correlation impact between Bitcoin, gold, and crude oil. There is a negative correlation impact between Bitcoin and the USD. That is, when there is an increase in gold and crude oil, it will also increase the Bitcoin. As for the USD currency, if the USD increases, Bitcoin will decrease and vice versa. Based on the analysis of granger causality shows that gold, crude oil, and USD do not cause Bitcoin, but Bitcoin, gold and crude oil cause the USD.
Effects of Stewardship on Zakat Payers’ Trust in Kelantan: Does a Good Mix of Board Capital Increase Zakat Payers’ Trust Through Stakeholder Management?
Authors: Rufaidah Mat Nawi  , Nadzirah Mohd Said  , Hazriah Hasan
Published: December 2022

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, it is an urge to maximize the zakat collection to reduce citizens' burden who got laid off and lost income sources. Despite zakat's obligation to every eligible Muslim, the zakat collection is still considered unsatisfactory due to the leakage in the zakat collection. The leakage happens when zakat payers prefer to pay directly to asnafs. One cause of the leakage is a lack of trust in the zakat institution. There is a lack of previous literature that reported on determinants of zakat payers’ trust. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to explore the relationships between board capital, stakeholder management, and zakat payers’ trust and the mediating effect of stakeholder management on the link between board capital and zakat payers’ trust. Four hypotheses were derived for this paper. 553 responses were collected from zakat payers in Kelantan. The data was analyzed using SmartPLS and revealed that board capital and stakeholder management positively affects zakat payers’ trust. Furthermore, board capital positively impacts stakeholder management, and the mediating effect of stakeholder management is confirmed. These findings imply that a combination of board members and good stakeholder management does increase zakat payers' trust, thereby strengthening the function of zakat institutions as a socio-economic balancer.
W kierunku zrównoważonej gospodarki w dobie pandemii
Authors:   Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie, Kowalski Michał Arkadiusz , Weresa Marzenna Anna , Tomeczek Artur Franciszek , Napiórkowski Tomasz Marcin , Dzienis Anna Maria , Lewandowska Małgorzata Stefania , Próchniak Mariusz , Radło Mariusz-Jan , Szarek-Piaskowska Aleksandra , Nyga-Łukaszewska Honorata , Kamińska Katarzyna
Published: December 2022

Pandemia COVID-19 i podjęte przez rządy i organizacje międzynarodowe decyzje i działania w diametralny sposób zmieniły warunki konkurowania w gospodarce światowej. Jedną z kluczowych cech umożliwiających osiągnięcie wysokiej pozycji konkurencyjnej stała się odporność (resiliance) na kryzys, wzrosło również znaczenie zrównoważonego wymiaru konkurencyjności. Te nowe tendencje wyznaczają główny cel badania, którym jest wyznaczenie pozycji konkurencyjnej polskiej gospodarki w dobie pandemii COVID-19, z uwzględnieniem najważniejszych elementów składających się na konkurencyjność zrównoważoną. Cele szczegółowe to: przedstawienie podstaw teoretycznych zagadnienia konkurencyjności międzynarodowej w dobie kryzysu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem znaczenia konkurencyjności zrównoważonej i zagadnienia odporności (resiliance) i podatności (vulnerability) na kryzysy, określenie zdolności konkurencyjnej Polski, w szczególności ocenę stanu rozwoju poszczególnych czynników konkurencyjności, takich jak: zasoby ziemi i wody, inwestycje, siła robocza, innowacje i rozwój technologiczny oraz instytucje, wyznaczenie międzynarodowej pozycji konkurencyjnej Polski na tle innych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej, z uwzględnieniem konkurencyjności dochodowej, konkurencyjności w handlu zagranicznym oraz konkurencyjności zrównoważonej (uwzględniającej elementy środowiskowe i społeczne).
Towards a sustainable economy in a pandemic era
Authors:   SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Kowalski Michał Arkadiusz , Weresa Marzenna Anna , Tomeczek Artur Franciszek , Napiórkowski Tomasz Marcin , Dzienis Anna Maria , Lewandowska Małgorzata Stefania , Próchniak Mariusz , Radło Mariusz-Jan , Szarek-Piaskowska Aleksandra , Nyga-Łukaszewska Honorata , Kamińska Katarzyna
Published: December 2022

Sustainable competitiveness is a relatively new concept, but rising in importance in face of external shocks that have impacted the economy in the last years, like COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine or the climate changes and related energy crisis. Considering this, resilience to crisis has become one of the key drivers of a strong competitive position. These new tendencies determine the research aim of the monograph, which is to identify the competitive position of the Polish economy, taking into account the foremost components of sustainable competitiveness. The specific objectives of the monograph are to: present the theoretical background of the issue of international competitiveness in a time of crisis, with a particular focus on the significance of sustainable competitiveness and the issue of resilience and vulnerability to crises; define Poland’s competitive position, in particular to assess the development of individual factors of competitiveness, such as land and water resources, investment, labour, innovation and technological development, and institutions; identify the international competitive position of Poland compared with other European Union member states, taking into account income competitiveness, foreign trade competitiveness, and sustainable competitiveness (including its environmental and social components).
MEASURING CHINESE RURAL SCIENCE TEACHERS’ SELF-PERCEPTION TOWARDS TEACHING COMPETENCIES: INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Cai Le , Chen Dimei , Ye Jianqiang
Published: December 2022

The teaching competency of rural teachers is fundamental to providing rural pupils with a high-quality education. Nonetheless, China has not yet established standardized competence criteria for rural science teachers, making it difficult to ascertain the actual competence of the rural teaching force on the front lines. Consequently, this study aimed at accessing Chinese rural science teachers’ teaching competency and exploring rural-urban differences by developing a measurement instrument. Factor analyses confirmed the reliability and validity of this instrument, which consisted of 21 items and four dimensions. In addition, the questionnaire was employed to examine 393 science teachers in China, discovering the significant rural-urban differences in terms of teaching implementation and learning evaluation together with teacher distribution. This study was hoped to promote the building of the teaching competency system and provide references for rural science teachers’ professional development. Keywords: rural teacher, teaching competency, science teacher, factor analysis
NARRATIVES OF THREE NOVICE IN-SERVICE SCIENCE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: THEIR JOURNEY OF ACHIEVING TEACHER AGENCY AND TEACHER BELIEF
Authors: Lim Sungman , Yun Soyoung
Published: December 2022

This study explores the phenomenon of 'school adaptation of novice primary school teachers' in the process of entering their actual primary school field. This study also studies the achievement of teacher agency and their teacher belief establishment procedure as novice teachers, not only in the actual teaching context but also as teachers who faced a special situation where their given role was different from what they learned from their university life. This study used a 'narrative' methodology. Narrative inquiry starts with 'researcher's narrative', which begins with the researcher's own story. The participants joined in interviews and submitted their teaching diaries. The participants of this study were three novice in-service teachers who were newly assigned to their primary schools. The research results are as follows. First, the novice primary school teachers achieved teacher agency while adjusting themselves to the school for a year. Second, novice primary school teachers did their best in terms of preparing for their classes in the process of being familiar with their schools’ culture and system. This study highlighted the need for dual support of teaching and administrative tasks for novice primary school teachers.
Keywords: designing science lesson, novice teacher, science education, teacher agency, teacher education
EARLY CHILDHOOD PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ READINESS FOR USING DRAWING AS A SCIENCE TEACHING STRATEGY
Authors: Achurra Ainara , Zamalloa Teresa , Uskola Araitz
Published: December 2022

The use of drawings for science learning helps students to develop communication, modelling, and reasoning skills. Teachers should be trained to use them. This study addresses the readiness (knowledge, confidence and awareness of the importance and usefulness of drawings) of 120 preservice teachers (PSTs) for using teacher-made drawings as a strategy for teaching science, after participating in activities in which they used drawing as a way to represent scientific knowledge. The knowledge of how to draw was analysed by evaluating the presence of interrelated components, mechanisms and phenomena in drawings of the digestive system. Open questions were used to examine three aspects: confidence, awareness of the importance and awareness of the usefulness. Exploratory cluster analyses were also conducted. 69% scored low in knowledge, more than 90% scored high in awareness of the importance and of the usefulness. 28% showed high confidence. No PSTs with high knowledge and low confidence were found. All PSTs with high knowledge showed high awareness of the importance. It is concluded that in order to prepare teachers for using drawings in science teaching, teacher education programs should include the development of drawing skills that could enhance their confidence and awareness of its importance.
Keywords: early childhood education, drawing science, teachers’ readiness, science education
TEACHING NATURAL SCIENCES: SIMPLIFYING SOME PHYSICS CONCEPTS AS ACTIVITIES AND LABORATORY TOOLS FOR KINDERGARTEN CHILDREN
Authors: AL Jadidi Nadia Ahmed A , Mohamed Dalia Abdelwahed , Elrefee Enas Mahmoud
Published: December 2022

There is a severe shortcoming in science programs in kindergartens in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this paper presents a conceptual framework for teaching physics concepts to kindergartens to contribute to the consolidation of scientific knowledge by stimulating the skills of inquiry, problem-solving and scientific thinking among children. The research aimed to study the effect of a program based on simplifying some physics concepts on kindergarten children's knowledge. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observation, video recordings of simple lab instruments for physics concepts, and children's in-app interactions and children's photographs. The sample consisted of (8) children of the age groups (5: 6 years) at the third level in kindergarten. The results indicated that children can be taught some scientific thinking skills. Children who practiced the planned activities developed their knowledge more orderly. Accordingly, it is concluded that the program can indicate the success of introducing natural sciences to the kindergarten stage. The current research recommends studies that show the quality and specifications of programs that suit the child's characteristics at this stage and the nature of education.
Keywords: Natural sciences, teaching physics concepts, laboratory tools, the focus group method, kindergarten
SCIENCE TEACHING SELF-EFFICACY BELIEFS OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS: CONTEXT OF TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE AND VISUAL METAPHORS
Authors: Yıldız Zeynep
Published: December 2022

It is of great importance to examine the level of science teaching self-efficacy (SE), which is related to technological developments in primary school teacher education. It is seen that this subject is not addressed in the context of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) and visual metaphors. The purpose of this research was to examine the pre-service primary school teachers' SE beliefs related to science teaching in terms of the TPCK levels and visual metaphors they created related to science teaching. For this purpose, qualitative and quantitative methods were used in the research. The research sample consisted of 75 pre-service primary school teachers. A metaphorical perception form, a science SE scale, and a TPCK scale were applied as data collection tools. It was found that the majority of pre-service teachers in science teaching had moderate and high SE and technological pedagogical content. It was also found that pre-service teachers' science teaching SE levels were related to the sub-dimension levels of the TPCK. When the visual metaphors created by the pre-service teachers were associated with quantitative data, it was seen that as the SE level of the pre-service teachers increased, visual metaphors gained a quality from general to specific. It was also concluded that the metaphors of the pre-service teachers with high SE levels were formed in more detail and accurately, and the conceptual errors were reduced.
Keywords: pre-service teachers, primary school, science teaching, self-efficacy visual metaphors
Työelämän toimeksiantajan osallisuus ammatillisen koulutuksen projektioppimisen käytäntöyhteisöissä
Authors: Upola Solja , Kangas Marjaana , Ruokamo Heli
Published: December 2022

Työelämän toimeksiantajan osallisuus ammatillisen koulutuksen projektioppimisen käytäntöyhteisöissä Tarkastelemme työelämäorientoitunutta projektioppimista ammatillisen koulutuksen kontekstissa työelämän toimeksiantajan näkökulmasta. Siinä osaamista hankitaan aidoissa työelämän oppimisympäristöissä. Aihetta on tutkittu Suomessa niukasti. Selvitämme, millaista osallisuutta yhdessä toteutetut projektit vaativat toimeksiantajilta. Kysymme, miten toimeksiantajan osallisuus ilmenee ammatillisen koulutuksen projektioppimisen käytäntöyhteisöissä. Kohteena on 17 työelämän toimeksiantajaa ja aineistona heille suunnatut kyselyt ja haastattelut, jotka kerättiin vuosina 2008–17 osana laajempaa aineistoa. Toimeksiantajan työelämälähtöinen osallisuus ilmenee 1) tarjoumaverkoston mahdollistajana, 2) toimintavalmiuksien rakentajana ja 3) prosessien kehittäjänä. Oppilaitosorientoitunut osallisuus ilmenee 4) kanssaoppijana, 5) ohjaajana ja 6) opetussuunnitelmaosaajana. Tulokset ovat hyödynnettävissä työelämäyhteistyössä ammatillisessa koulutuksessa ja muilla koulutusasteilla.
Kutsu vallankumoukseen
Authors: Hiltunen Katja
Published: December 2022

Itävaltalainen Ivan Illich tekee Kouluttomaan yhteiskuntaan -teoksellaan vallankumouksen vaatimalla kouluun pakkojen tilalle vapautta ja kontrollin tilalle itseohjautuvuutta.
Kuinka kasvaa viisaaksi viisaiden joukkoon?
Authors: H Severi
Published: December 2022

Viisaus tiivistää yleistajuisesti kaiken olennaisen siitä, mitä ihmiskunta tietää viisaudesta ja viisaaksi oppimisesta alle kahteen ja puoleensataan sivuun. Se on sankarillinen urakka. Kirjassa esitellään niin tuoreinta tutkimusta, historiaa ja viisauden pedagogiikkaa kuin käytännön oppeja viisaudesta työelämässä.
Asutammeko niukkuuden vai runsauden maailmaa?
Authors: Onnismaa Jussi
Published: December 2022

Työn historiassa James Suzman tarkastelee suhdettamme työhön eri aikoina. ’Työn’ hän määrittelee tarkoitukselliseksi energian käytöksi tiettyyn tehtävään, jonkin tavoitteen saavuttamiseksi. Kirjassa kuvataan laajasti aineelliseen kehityksen, oppimisen ja kokemusten solmukohtia.
Jatkuva oppiminen on lupaus paremmasta tulevaisuudesta
Authors: Isopahkala-Bouret Ulpukka
Published: December 2022

Taidoista ja osaamisesta tarvitaan laaja-alaista keskustelua. Jatkuvaan oppimiseen sisältyvä tulevaisuudenlupaus vahvistuvasta kilpailukyvystä ei riitä. Työn, teknologian ja organisaatioiden muutosten aiheuttamat haasteet eivät saa ylittää yksilöiden kapasiteettia, oppimiselle on oltava riittävästi aikaa, eikä ketään tule jättää yksin oppimisvaikeuksiensa kanssa. Turhautumista ja merkityksettömyyden kokemusta oppimisen äärellä emme halua. Tarvitaan politiikkaa, jossa uutta oppimalla edistetään laaja-alaista sivistystä, rauhanomaista konfliktien ratkaisua ja sosiaalista oikeudenmukaisuutta sekä turvataan maapallon ekologinen kestävyys.
Keskustelu taidoista ja osaamisesta kaipaa sivistyksen näkökulmaa
Authors: Tuomi Lauri , Varmola Tapio
Published: December 2022

Eurooppalaisessa jatkuvan oppimisen politiikassa taitoja koskevat käsitteet, kuten osaamistason nosto ja uudelleenkouluttautuminen ovat keskeisiä. Miten kytkeä työelämää palveleva jatkuva oppiminen laaja-alaiseen keskusteluun elämäntaidoista ja jatkuvan oppimisen politiikkaan?
Elinikäisen oppimisen sisällöstä kamppailevat monet merkitykset
Authors: Heikki Heikki
Published: December 2022

Elinikäisen politiikan kehittämisen kaaressa tarve läpi elämän jatkuvaan oppimiseen tunnistetaan ja tunnustetaan. Yhteiskunnan kovenevassa eetoksessa ei kuitenkaan pidä alistua siihen, että ihminen redusoidaan kykypääomakoneeksi palvelemaan kilpailukykyä.
Kotiin jääneiden lasten huomiointi päiväkodeissa kevään 2020 covid-19- poikkeusolojen aikana
Authors: Sulkanen Mimmu , Räikkönen Eija , Alasuutari Maarit
Published: December 2022

Suomessa asetettiin keväällä 2020 covid-19-pandemiasta johtuen poikkeusolot, jolloin kunnat vapautettiin varhaiskasvatuksen järjestämisvastuusta ja suositeltiin lasten jäämistä kotiin varhaiskasvatuksesta, jos se perheille oli mahdollista. Enemmistö lapsista jäi kotiin, ja heille järjestettävästä varhaiskasvatus-toiminnasta tehtiin ratkaisuja paikallisesti. Tämä on saattanut asettaa lapsia eriarvoiseen asemaan. Tutkimuksessamme tarkastelemme, kuinka päiväkodit huomioivat poikkeusolojen aikana päiväkodista kotiin jääneitä lapsia sekä mitkä lapseen tai perheeseen liittyvät tai kontekstuaaliset tekijät selittivät huomioinnin todennäköisyyttä. Analysoimme 5–6-vuotiaiden lasten vanhemmilta syksyllä 2020 kerättyä kyselyaineistoa (N=994) binäärisen logistisen regressioanalyysin ja keskimääräisten marginaaliefektien avulla. Noin puolta päiväkodeista kotiin jääneistä lapsista huomioitiin kotihoidon aikana; huomioinnin tavat ja määrä kuitenkin vaihtelivat. Useimmin huomioinnin tavat liittyivät varhaiskasvatuksen kasvatukselliseen vastuuseen. Lasten vertaissuhteita tukevaa toimintaa tarjottiin vähiten. Lapsi huomioitiin todennäköisemmin, jos hän oli yksityisessä päiväkodissa tai asui korkeamman covid-19-ilmaantuvuusluvun kunnassa. Mitkään tutkituista lapseen tai perheeseen liittyvistä tekijöistä (lapsen tuen tarve, terveydentila, asuinpaikka, vanhemman koulutustaso tai synnyinmaa) eivät ennustaneet huomiointia. Tuloksemme osoittavat tarpeen kehittää valtakunnalliset toimintakäytännöt varhaiskasvatukseen vastaavien kriisitilanteiden varalle lasten eriarvoisen kohtelun välttämiseksi.