bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Science and Technology for Batik Craftsmen Society for Improving Economy of the Community in Surabaya Ex Prostitution Localization
Authors: Werdiningsih Indah , Purbandini . , Puspitasari Ira
Published: August 2018

The community development presents the creation of catalog to display products online that can help market widely as an effort to improve economy of the community in the area of exs-red district Bangunsari, Surabaya. Partners are an organization engaged in the development of affected communities in the area of Bangunsari localization. The partners are Omah Batik Tulis Khas Surabaya Sari Ratu and Rumah Batik Canting Risma Ratu. E-catalog application had three proceses, i.e. customer registration process, master data processing process, and ordering process. E-catalog application had through five stages are: 1) Identifies data needs performed by interview; 2) Designing the database, created using a Conceptual Data Model (CDM) that produces 8 entities and Physical Data Model (PDM) that generates 8 tables next design the i nput and output form; 3) Implements the system using a web-based programming language; 4) Testing system with black box method, testing sistem include all transactions on each user; and 5) Evaluation of system was done by using questionnaire to find accuracy of aplication. Questionnaires were distributed to 2 partners. Questionnaire was filled by chairman and two members for each partner. Number of questionnaire was 6 questionnaires. The evaluation results show that accuracy of e-catalog application that had been built was user friendly for 73.61%. It is clear that e-catalog aplication that had been built had good category for user friendly.
Innovations Healthy Drinks in Source of Soybean in Community Empowerment through Entrepreneurship in Sukoharjo District
Authors: Rohmani Sholichah , Yugatama Adi , Prihapsara Fea
Published: August 2018

Community service activities with IbM scheme have been done in home industry of soybean milk processing in Sraten and Kartasura Village, Sukoharjo District. The aim of activities are all partners able process soybean juice into health drink product in ready to drink packaging, adn next can be as new economic commodity to the community. In addition, partners are expected to have a clear administrative and governance system in finance, production and, marketing as an effort to empower communities in Sukoharjo District. Considering the benefits of this soy essence is so great then product diversification is needed so that the product is more acceptable to the market. This program is done through several stages namely 1) Making soybeans into ready-to-drink; 2) Transfer of packing technology; 3) Product marketing and management aspects of soybean processing into beverages in ready-to-drink packaging as well as; and 4) Feasibility analysis of beverage production business made from soybean. Through IbM, training and development of soya bean processing technology is made into an economic commodity product in the form of beverages in ready-to-drink packaging, which can provide new economic alternatives in the community. After this program, the community service activity was conducted with the training and mentoring approach to the two partners, it was able to increase the quantity and quality of soybean beverage production where the yield of production increased almost twice from the original.
DAYA SAING MINYAK SAWIT DAN DAMPAK RENEWABLE ENERGY DIRECTIVE (RED) UNI EROPA TERHADAP EKSPOR INDONESIA DI PASAR UNI EROPA
Authors: Khairunisa Gisa Rachma , Novianti Tanti
Published: August 2018

Palm oil is Indonesia's main export commodity. The EU is Indonesia's largest palm oil importer second after India, so it can affect the condition of Indonesia's palm oil exports. In 2009 the EU issued a Renewable Energy Directive that may have an impact on Indonesia's palm oil exports. The purpose of this study was to analyze the competitive position of Indonesian palm oil using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and the Export Product Dynamics (EPD) as well as analyze the impact of policies Renewable Energy Directive towards the export value of Indonesian palm oil using gravity models. RCA analysis results indicate that the Indonesian palm oil has a comparative advantage (RCA> 1). Analysis of Indonesian palm oil EPD average is in position "Rising Star". The results of the analysis of gravity models show a real GDP per capita in the country of destination, the population of the country of destination, the export price of palm oil, and the Renewable Energy Directive policies significantly affect the value of exports of palm oil, while Indonesia and the real exchange rate had no significant effect within the economy.
KONSEP PEMASARAN AGRIBISNIS : PENDEKATAN EKONOMI DAN MANAJEMEN
Authors: Asmarantaka Ratna Winandi , Atmakusuma Juniar , Muflikh Yanti Nuraini , Rosiana Nia
Published: August 2018

Agribusiness marketing approach can be done through economic or management approach. The economic approach shows the overall presence of marketing channels that will be more efficient and determined by the Structure Conduct and Performance (SCP). The higher the percentage of market share indicates the strength of an enterprise in an industry. If the market share is relatively small and diffuse then the market tends to be in a competitive market reflected by market conduct and market performance On the other hand, a marketing approach to management is a business strategy of a company (group) to improve the efficiency or profit of a company and its networking. Value chain, supply chain, governance value chain analysis is part of the overall agribusiness marketing analysis, so players who have dominant power or market share will be visible in the marketing channel and the centralized market structure. The cooperation of small firms whose market share is relatively dispersed, the market structure tends to lead to a perfectly competitive market with the performances delivered to the market mechanism.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Pencatatan Stok dan Penjualan UD Pawon Kue
Authors: Trisno Indra Budi , Chandra Wiria
Published: August 2018

Pawon Kue is a small home industry which sells various cake and rice box products. Pawon Kue was using books for recording orders and product selling. The method was used since the company established. However, the company experienced difficulities when using this method. The process to find how much the profit they got in a day was not easy, it also needed long time to find certain information, and there were big probability they could lose the recording books. Because of them, the author and the team developed a web based application for helping them in recording sales and stock listing. The team used waterfall model in software enginering model and used Unified Modeling Language in design and system analyst stage. After the testing stage, the research team found the application could help the owners for listing stock and product easier than before.
Infant Industry Argument, Protection and Manufacturing Industries
of Pakistan
Authors: Kemal A. R.
Published: August 2018

The Infant Industry Argument is tested against the experience
of Pakistan’s manufacturing industries. The learning coefficients are
estimated by fitting both the Cobb-Douglas and the C.E.S. production
functions. The learning coefficients estimated for Pakistan corroborate
the Infant Industry Argument. Higher learning coefficients in the case
or Pakistan than those observed in other countries underline the fact
that the industries had cost disadvantages in the initial stages of
their establishment.
Operationalising the Concept of Basic Needs
Authors: Szal Rlcuard J.
Published: August 2018

Much rhetoric has appeared over the last few yean about the
desirability of the basic-needs approach to development planning. The
basic-needs approach, however, hu remained more of a proclamation of
good intentions than a strategy for development. Operationalising it
poses certain difficulties. In this article, two novel ways of
transforming the basic-needs philosophy into concrete policies and
strategies are presented. The discussion consists of explanations of
planning tools entitled basic-needs activities and product path
analysis. Finally, some brief comments are offered on the use of popular
participation in a basic-needs strategy and possible trade-offs between
basic-needs satisfaction and growth.
Mechanization and Agricultural Development in Pakistan
Authors: Chaudhry M. Ghaffar
Published: August 2018

Recent experience of a number of countries has amply shown
that there is a positive relationship between technology and output. A
technological change refers to use of either a new input or an
improvement in a traditional factor of production [22]. The changes in
technology may be biological, chemical, or mechanical. The former two
types of technologies, commonly known as "seed-fertilizer revolution",
have been thoroughly discussed in the literature on Pakistan, with or
without reference to mechanical innovations [2; 3; 5; 7; 10; 11; 13; 15;
18; 19; 20; 25]. The objective of the present paper is to highlight the
effects of mechanized cultivation on agricultural development in
Pakistan.
Demand-side Energy Policy as an Alternative Energy Strategy for
Pakistan
Authors: Pintz Peter
Published: August 2018

After the first oil-price shock of 1973, a search for new
energy policies was started all over the world. Changing one fundamental
concept - that relating to the general development of energy supply and
consumption - was, however, out of the question. The pre-1973 trend of
development was maintained. The energy elasticities did not change. The
old forecasts were still held to be valid and were considered now, as
earlier, to be the objectives which a successful energy policy had to
achieve. This was considered a prerequisite for high growth rates of GNP
and improvements in living conditions, and energy consumption was
regarded as an indicator of the level of economic development.
Therefore, the focus was shifted to an enlargement of the supply of
indigenous energy resources as a substitute for imported energy, so that
dependence on foreign countries could be minimized.
Analysis of Inter-industry Relations in Pakistan: Some Further
Experiments with the 1975-76 Data
Authors: Syed Aftab Ali
Published: August 2018

Input-Output (1-0) tables of Pakistan's economy for the year
1975-76 were published by the Pakistan Institute of Development
Economics (PIDE) in 1983. They delineated the structure of production of
118 industries together with the disposition of their output by five
categories of final demand: consumption expenditures; gross fixed
capital formation; changes in stocks; exports; and re-exports. Import
have been shown to be absorbed as intermediate inputs as well as
destined for final consumption. The present author presented an
analytical paper [3], based on the said data-base, in which despite the
useful industrial details captured, the predominant agrarian nature of
Pakistan's economy was emphasized. Agricultural sector's contribution to
the total gross domestic product (CDP) at factor cost amounted to 22.1
percent. Although the 1-0 tables identified some 81 manufacturing
industries - both large-scale and small-scale - there were only seven
industries whose contribution to the total CDP was of any significance.
The manufacturing sector, as a whole, contributed only about 11.7
percent of the total CDP. Service industries, construction and the like
still account for the rest of the CDP.
An International Perspective on Pakistani Human Capital
Investments in the Last Quarter Century
Authors: Behrman Jere R. , Schneider Ryan
Published: August 2018

The objective of this paper is to place Pakistani human
capital investments in the past quarter century in an international
perspective. As background, a simple analytical perspective is presented
first. Then empirical experience from various developing countries is
summarised. This relates to some dimensions of the determinants and the
impact of human capital investments and related policies. Next, various
dimensions of Pakistani human capital investments in schooling and
health are compared with the international experience of the past
quarter century, controlling for per capita income and initial literacy
rates and subject to caveates about such comparisons. These comparisons
suggest that, in the aggregate, Pakistan has had relatively low
investments in schooling and relatively high investments in health.
Consideration of the composition of these investments suggests that, in
a comparative sense, Pakistani investments have been skewed towards
higher rather than basic education, towards physician-intensive curative
rather than basic preventative health care, towards males relative to
females, and towards middleand upper-income groups that tend to benefit
more from post-primary schooling and from physician-related health
services. The concluding section speculates on the implications of this
perspective for Pakistani human capital investment policies.
Shorter Notices
Authors: Durre-e- Nayab
Published: August 2018

Download the PDF file
Health Care Determinants of Child Survival in Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Naushin , Kiani M. Frramurz K.
Published: August 2018

The health and survival status of children which are important
indicators of social well-being, have become a subject of great concern
in Pakistan in recent years. The available literature suggests that
infant and child death rates in Pakistan are high even in the context of
the Asian region and progress in health and survival of children has
been much less than the desired level [World Bank (1993)]. Although
estimates of infant and child mortality rates as derived from various
data sources in Pakistan show great variation, 1 the available evidence
indicates· that nearly 58 percent of all deaths occur among children
under five years of age, 36 percent die during infancy and more than
half of all infant deaths occur within the first four weeks of their
birth [Irfan (1986); Afzal et al. (1988); Rukanuddin and Parooqui
(1988); Sathar (1994)]. Recognising the fact that most of these deaths
could be prevented, it is important to study the processes that are
likely to influence the survival chances of children, the health care
factors in particular, which are important components of mortality
change.
Economic Marginalisation of Peasants and Fishermen Due to Urban Expansion: The JNP Project of New Bombay, India
Authors: S. Parasuraman
Published: August 2018

The Central and State Governments in India have actively intervened in redefining land use pattern, often to the detriment of the peasant cultivators. In most situations, the real beneficiaries were the speculators, developers, builders, bureaucrats, and the planning and executing body. The case of New Bombay is a classic example of state intervention that completely redefined the relationship between land and peasant-cultivators. The New Bombay project acquired large amounts of agricultural and saltpan land from peasants in 95 villages for meagre cash compensation. The objective of the paper is to trace the origin of the idea-for the creation of New Bombay and a port to attract people and industry so as to decongest Bombay-and assess the condition of peasants who had lost land to the project. The study shows that the port, like most other modem industrial projects, seriously undermined the economic position of a large number of households. The small and marginal farmers and the fishermen were seriously affected due to others' land acquisition and their own loss of access to the sea, as well as denial of employment in the project. The project also failed to assess the skills and capacities of the affected people and facilitate them to engage in alternative productive activities. Women were productively engaged in agriculture, saltpan- and fishing-related activities in the affected villages. The loss of land and access to the sea have led to a greater degree of pauperisation of women, and increasingly confined them to the margins of the labour market.
Defence Spending and Economic Growth: Re-examining the Issue of
Causality for Pakistan and India
Authors: Tahir Rizwan
Published: August 2018

What is the impact of carrying a heavy defence burden on the
country’s economic development and growth? Views expressed in the
literature1 argue that national defence is a consumption good which
reduces economic growth by reducing saving and capital investment. A
number of empirical studies have investigated the possible trade-offs
between defence spending and other government expenditures like health
and education. Empirical evidence concerning the relationship between
defence spending and economic growth for developed countries is not
inconsistent with the view that defence reduced the resources available
for investment and hurts economic growth. See, for example, Benoit
(1973). The evidence for developing countries, however, has not been
entirely consistent or conclusive.2 Benoit (1978), using data on 44 less
developed countries (LDCs) for the period 1950–65, found a strong
positive association between defence spending and growth of civilian
output per capita. Fredericksen and Looney (1982), using data for the
period 1960–78 on a large cross-section, concluded that increased
defence spending assists economic growth in resource-rich countries and
not in resource-constraint ones. Using a sample of 54 LDCs pertaining to
the period 1965–73, Lim (1983) found that defence spending hurts
economic growth. Biswas and Ram (1986) in a sample of 58 LDCs for
time-periods 1960–70 and 1970–77, using conventional and augmented
growth models, concluded that military expenditures neither help nor
hurt economic growth to any significant extent.
Government Interventions, Market Integration, and Price Risk in Pakistan’s Punjab
Authors: Takashi Kurosaki
Published: August 2018

This paper empirically examines the spatial and intertemporal price relations of grains in Pakistan’s Punjab. The salient feature of the paper is that quantity variables such as market surplus and government release are incorporated in the price arbitrage model to quantify the effects of government interventions. Regression analysis using three-year crosssection data shows that the farm-gate prices of wheat after harvest are mostly explained by the government support price while those of Basmati paddy have more unexplained variation. This difference could be due to a difference in the price support mechanism. Investigation on intertemporal price relations shows that wholesale wheat prices regularly increase at the rate of storage costs in the first half of a food year, and that the price rise is repressed by the government release in the second half only in a normal year.
Pakistan at the Threshold of the 21st Century: How to Shape a
Better Economic Future? (The Mahbub ul Haq Memorial Lecture)
Authors: Hasan Parvez
Published: August 2018

Pakistan has been facing a deep-seated economic and financial
crisis and seemingly intractable governance issues for the last few
years. Factors such as international sanctions and global economic
slowdown, which have worsened Pakistan’s economic difficulties, were
beyond Pakistan’s control. But by and large, the country’s economic and
financial difficulties are the result of economic mismanagement in key
areas over long periods. Bad governance, as reflected in widespread
corruption and poor delivery of public services, and especially poor law
and order have given birth to a crisis of confidence in the state. It is
argued here that despite this scenario, a long and arduous process of
building institutions, setting the policies right, and enforcing a
rule-based governance stressing both merit and accountability can put
Pakistan back on the road to shared prosperity. Resolving financial
problems, accelerating demographic transition, exploiting tremendous
agricultural potential, improving both availability and quality of
education, increasing competitiveness and bringing about structural
change in exports and industry, and reforming the government are crucial
policy actions that can help shape a better future for the country and
end the economic drift.
Usage and Development of Contemporary Hanyu Pinyin
Authors: Tham Wai Houng
Published: August 2018

Hanyu is a type of language that is based on the Beijing phonetic system and has four distinguishable tones.  As a result to date, the tool designed for the pronunciation of this Chinese language whether it is the past National Phonetic Alphabet or the contemporary Hanyu Pinyin, there is always the need to add the tone marks in order to distinguish the four tones.  However, to add a symbol for the sake of pronunciation spells inconvenience, because Hanyu Pinyin is essentially composed of Latin alphabet.  Unless there is a special facility, no ordinary English computer keyboard can manage to add tone marks together with typing at the same time.  Hence, the tone marks can only be chosen from the symbols set in the computer (if any) or added manually after all typing has been completed.  It is not only time consuming but also involves a lot of work and many a time, the tone mark is either wrongly added or omitted.  If there is a way to write Hanyu Pinyin without the use of tone marks and yet be able to differentiate the four tones, it will save the trouble of having to add tone marks for the correct pronunciation.  This new method may also help in making typing more convenient.
POPULASI IMAGO Sitophilus oryzae L (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) PADA BEBERAPA JENIS BERAS ASAL DESA WAIMITAL KECAMATAN KAIRATU
Authors: Booroto Lia A , Goo Nureny , Noya Saartje H
Published: August 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the population of Sitophilus oryzae imago on rice from 5 varieties of paddy from Waimital Village. The rice used in this research were taken directly from rice mill in Waimital Village. Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 3 replications was used in this study. Two trials were used in this research. The first experiment was to investigate the incidence of imago S. oryzae each week, and the second trial to calculate the population on rice stored for 8 weeks. The results showed that there was a different period of development of S. oryzae every week on five types of rice. While for 8 weeks storage, the highest population of S. oryzae imago was on variety of Inpari 21 with 184.00 beetles, and the lowest was on variety of Cimelati with 64.67 beetles. The population on the other 3 varieties (Mekongga, Ciherang, and IR64) were 176.33, 133.33 and 76.33 respectively
KARAKTERISTIK LAHAN DAN KONSTRUKSI TABEL KEBUTUHANNYA BAGI PENGEMBANGAN ATUNG (Parinarium glaberimum Hassk) DI NEGERI HARUKU
Authors: Ferdinandus Magdalena V , Ufie Conradus , Liubana Simson
Published: August 2018

This research was conducted on sample area where Atung plant grow, focused on the Land “Petuanan” of ​​Haruku village in Haruku small Island-Central Maluku Regency, from December 2016 till May 2017. The aims of this research were: 1) to assess the physical characteristics of land affecting the growth and production of Atung plant at the study area; 2) to elaborate the physical essential information and necessary data on the basis of literature and field review in constructing the land suitability table for the Atung Plant (as a preliminary approach); 3) to implement or test the appropriate land suitability table for the land suitability evaluation of Atung based on available biophysical land characteristic data. The method used in this study was a library study and field survey using the distance of flexible transect observation in accordance with the conditions where Atung grows. The results of this study consisted of the land characteristics data for Atung plant; i.e. climate, topography, and soil. The study of land characteristics obtained from the literature, field review and knowledge of the local community and construction of the land suitability table for Atung, an appropriate test in the Waai village showed that the land suitability category as the S3 class with the limiting factor was pH value that was easily improved and upgraded to the suitability class of S2/S1.
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK TANAMAN HORTIKULTURA DI LAHAN SEKOLAH TINGGI THEOLOGIA MALUKU DUSUN KATE-KATE DESA HUNUTH KECAMATAN TELUK AMBON
Authors: Lesnussa Meilany , Gaspersz Elisa J , Soplanit Rudy
Published: August 2018

The study was conducted from October to November 2016 in Maluku Theology School Yard in Kate-Kate, Hunuth Village, Teluk Ambon Sub District with 11.7 ha area. The study was conducted with the objectives for: 1) obtaining data on the physical condition of the land in the research area as the basic material in assessing the suitability of the land for horticultural crops; 2) knowing the limiting factors present in the field and can be proposed for improvement; 3) determining the land for appropriate horticultural crops. The research method was survey method with distance of transect observation. Based on the results of field observation and land evaluation, it showed that: 1) the physical condition of the land in the research area was low hilly area with the soil type of Cambisol and land cover in the form of settlements, mixed plants and shrubs, 2) Based on the results of land evaluation there were 3 main limiting factors, such as rainfall, erosion and slope, 3) Based on actual suitability, the most suitable plants to recommend for each land unit were duku and rambutan.
KESESUAIAN LAHAN KOMODITAS HORTIKULTURA DI DESA HATIVE BESAR KECAMATAN TELUK AMBON
Authors: Tentua Vinda V , Salampessy Husein , Haumahu Johanis P
Published: August 2018

This study aimed to determine the land suitability for horticultural commodities based on physical condition data of the land, to determine the limiting factors in the field and to give recommendation to improve the land use for horticultural commodities. This research was conducted in Hative Besar Village, Teluk Ambon Sub District in September-October 2016. This research was divided into three phases: preparatory phase of research which included secondary data collection and digitizing land unit map, field research stage covering primary data collection or field checking using free survey techniques, as well as data analysis and reporting stages that will be revealed in maps and land suitability for horticultural commodities as well as recommendations for improvement of the limiting factors. The results showed that based on the actual land suitability assessment there were only five suitable plants is rambutan, gandaria, durian, duku and pineapple. Whereas based on the actual suitability of the selected land, the appropriate plants were durian, duku and pineapple. The results of the study also indicate that there were several limiting factors, namely the availability of water, the availability of oxygen, rooting media and erosion hazard that can be improved by applying soil and water conservation techniques.
Celsus, Toledot Yeshu and Early Traces of Apology for Virginal Birth of Jesus
Authors: Laato Antti
Published: August 2018

In this article New Testament passages referring to the birth of Jesus are related to Celsus’ anti-Christian arguments and the Jewish Toledot Yeshu tradition with a new question: Why it was so difficult to speak about the virgin birth of Jesus? It is argued that the concept of the virgin birth of Jesus was seen to be problematic for two reasons: 1) The concept was liable to result in scurrilous rumours, even scoffing and parodic episodes revolving on its sexual aspects. 2) Every attempt to explain that God was in some way the agent when a young girl conceived came too close to Gen. 6:1–4 – the text which explained in ancient Judaism the origin of the demonic world. Therefore, some New Testament authors (for example, the writer of the Gospel of John) deliberately avoided speaking about the virgin birth and instead presented the birth of Jesus in terms of the idea of an incarnated, personified, divine Wisdom. In order to avoid erroneous connotations relating to Gen. 6:1–4, Matthew and Luke followed a tradition where the Holy Spirit (a feminine word in Hebrew and Aramaic) played an active role in the pregnancy.
Beitrag zur Interpretatio Graeca: Ägyptische Götter in griechischer Übertragung
Authors: Bergman Jan
Published: August 2018

to be added
4. Fremde Einflüsse bei der Entwicklung des Usins
Authors: Biezais Haralds
Published: August 2018

to be added
Pagan myth in confrontation with Christianity: Skírnismál and Genesis
Authors: Steinsland Gro
Published: August 2018

Skírnismál is the only one of the Eddaic lays which is dedicated to the god of vanir, Freyr. The poem deals with the offer of marriage to the giantess Gerör which the messanger, Skírnir, takes to htunheimr on Freyr's behalf. Regarding the question of age and interpretation of the lay, various suggestions have been made by scholars. A central question for scholars has been whether the poem contains genuine pagan myth. In recent years several scholars have argued that the lay is late and that, in spite of its preoccupation with pre-Christian mythology, it deals mainly with medieval ideology. We shall focus instead on a point which has not hitherto been recognized: the possible connection between Skírnismál and the Jewish-Christian myth of the fall in Genesis. It is possible that the poet of Skírnismal borrowed ideas from several traditions, from Nordic, mythological ones and at the same time from biblical tradition, from the myth of the fall in Genesis. This conclusion means that the pagan, mythological tradition of the North was recreated at the time of Conversion, for the biblical elements in Skírnismál are used within the frame of a lay which, in its deepest conception, belongs to the pre-Christian tradition.
Old Scandinavian and Christian eschatology
Authors: Hultgård Anders
Published: August 2018

The eschatological beliefs current in Scandinavia during the Viking and early Medieval periods can be grouped into two main traditions, denoted by the concepts of Ragnarok and Doomsday. The former has its roots in the pre-Christian religion of Scandinavia, the latter was brought to the north in the process of christianization. Although different in origin the two traditions did not, in the age with which we are concerned, necessarily reflect a strict division between adherents of the old faith and Christians. Syncretic versions of the Ragnarok concept were in circulation, one of which was presented by Snorri in his Edda. The common people, although officially christianized, apparently continued to transmit beliefs connected with the Ragnarok tradition. Scholarly research has tended to treat the two traditions separately. In fact they coexisted for centuries, leaving room for confrontation and mutual influences.
Ritual Change in a Turkish Alevi Village
Authors: McElwain Thomas
Published: August 2018

This study is a documentation and analysis of change in ritual in the village of Sarilar, on the west bank of the Euphrates River near Yavuseli, Gaziantep. The research problem posed was identification of ritual change within the consultants' memory and some tentative ways of situating such change within the socio-economic context. The mysticism of the dervish lodge remains as a certain life attitude along with the new views of modernization that have been so well inculcated. Although modernization, at least in the Turkish Alevi context, tends to conflict with the mystical experience of the Bektashi dervish in some areas, a democratized inner core remains.
Queen Christina’s esoteric interests as a background to her Platonic Academies
Authors: Åkerman Susanna
Published: August 2018

In 1681 the blind quietist, Francois Malaval, stated that Queen Christina of Sweden late in life had ‘given up’ [Hermes] Trismegistos and the Platonists, in favour of the Church fathers. The statement does not explain what role the Church fathers were to play in her last years, but it does show that Christina really had been interested in the rather elitist and esoteric doctrine of Hermetic Platonic Christianity. In this article the author looks at her library to show the depth of this Hermetic involvement. Her interest serves as a background to her life as ex-queen in Italy after her famous abdication from the Swedish throne in 1654, when she was 27 years old.
STARTING POINT OF MODERNIZATION OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION: Analyasis of Internal and External Factors
Authors: Yulianto M. Saifuddin
Published: August 2018

The stagnation in the field of Islamic education and intellectualism in the

era of Islamic decline is allegedly derived from the gradual dicline of the

religious sciences, because of its isolation from the intellectual life that

eventually died. The determinants of the importance of modernization of

Islamic education in the form of internal factors include: the existence of

an Islamic education system that is accommodative to the changing times.

Meanwhile, the external factors that are urgent to immediately

modernization of Islamic education is to catch up with other nations.

Keywords: Factor, Modernization, Islamic Education

إن ما يحدث من الجمود في التربية والعلوم الإسلامية في عصر الانحطاط يأتي من الجفاف التدريجي

لعلوم الدين، لبعدها من الحياة العامة ثم ماتت. والعامل الحاسم الذي يجعل أهمية تحديث التربية

الإسلامية يشمل العوامل الداخلية والعوامل الخارجية، فمن العوامل الداخلية هي: وجود نظام التربية

الإسلامية التي تتجاوب مع تغييرات الزمان. ومن العوامل الخاريجية التي تدعو إلى تحديث التربية

الإسلامية هي النهوض من تخلف المسلمين بالنظر إلى الشعوب الأخرى.

Terjadinya stagnasi dalam bidang pendidikan dan intelektualisme Islam

pada era kemunduruan Islam disinyalir berasal dari kekeringan yang

gradual dari ilmu-ilmu keagamaan, karena pengucilannya dari kehidupan intelektualisme awam yang juga kemudian mati. faktor

determinan yang menjadi sebab pentingnya modernisasi pendidikan

Islam berupa faktor internal internal meliputi: adanya sebuah sistem

pendidikan Islam yang akomodatif terhadap perubahan zaman,

Sementara itu, faktor eksternal yang mendesak untuk segera

dilakukannya modernisasi pendidikan Islam adalah untuk mengejar

ketertinggalan kaum Muslimin terhadap bangsa lain.
APPLICATION OF MAHFUDZAT METHOD: FIELD RESEARCH, TEST RESULTS OF TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS AT MAN MODEL BOJONEGORO
Authors: Fauziyah Hanik
Published: August 2018

This action research is intended to improve learning outcomes by

memorization or mahfudzat. It aims specifically at describing the

ability of teachers in managing learning with mahfudzat method on

Geography of class X IPS Unggulan 2 MAN 1 Model Bojonegoro,

academic year of 2016/2017. This research is a classroom action

research, because it comes from the problems of teachers who teach

in the classroom and take action to overcome the problems in the

classroom, with the type of quantitative methods. The results of this

research reveal that the ability of teachers in managing learning by

applying the method of mahfudzat in the lesson of Geography can

improve the learning outcomes of the students of class X IPS

Unggulan 2 MAN 1 Model Bojonegoro academic year 2016/2017.

يهدف هذا البحث الإجرائي على سبيل العموم إلى ترقية نتائج التعلم باستخدام

طريقة حفظ المحفوظات، وعلى سبيل الخصوص لتصوير قدرة المدرس في

إدارة التعليم باستخدام طريقة حفظ المحفوظات في مادة الجغرافية، حيث

يستطيع أن ينمي نتائج تعلم الطلبة من فصل إيكس قسم العلوم الاجتماعية

النموذجي الثاني بالمدرسة الثانوية الحكومية الأولى النموذجية ببوجونيجورو

2017 . هذا البحث من نوع البحث الإجرائي للفصل، / سنة دراسية 2016

وذلك لأنه يأتي من مشكلات المدرس الذي يدرس في الفصل ويقوم بإجراء

العمل لحل المشكلة في الفصل، وهو من البحث الكمي. ومن نتائج تحليل هذا

البحث هي: أن قدرة المدرس في إدارة التعليم باستخدام طريقة حفظ المحفوظات

في مادة جغرافية تستطيع أن تنمي نتائج تعلم الطلبة في فصل إيكس قسم العلوم

الاجتماعية النموذجي الثاني بالمدرسة الثانوية الحكومية الأولى النموذجية

.2017/ ببوجونيجورو سنة دراسية 201

Penelitian tindakan ini mempunyai tujuan secara umum adalah

untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dengan metode hapalan atau

mahfudzat dan secara khusus untuk mendiskripsikan kemampuan

guru dalam mengelola pembelajaran dengan metode mahfudzat

pada materi pengertian geografi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar

siswa kelas X IPS unggulan 2 MAN 1 Model Bojonegoro tahun

pelajaran 2016/2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan

kelas, karena berasal dari permasalahan guru yang mengajar di

dalam kelas dan melakukan tindakan untuk mengatasi permasalah

di kelas, dengan jenis metode Kuantitatif. Hasil analisis data

penelitian ini adalah; Kemampuan guru dalam mengelola

pembelajaran dengan penerapan metode mahfudzat pada

pelajaran Geografi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas X

IPS unggulan 2 MAN 1 Model Bojonegoro tahun pelajaran

2016/2017.
THE ROLES OF PRINCIPALS IN INCREASING EDUCATION QUALITY BY DEVELOPING TEACHER PROFESIONALISM
Authors: Burhanuddin Moh.
Published: August 2018

Education policy should be supported by educational actors

(teachers) who are at the forefront. Efforts to improve the quality of

education need to be done gradually based on the strategic plan.

One of the efforts to improve teachers' professionalism is through

the supervision of teaching. The principal in fostering teacher

professionalism is by way of coaching, including (1) developing

teachers’ knowledge by suporting them to persue higher education,

(2) developing teaching strategy by helping them make learning

device, and (3) developing teacher code of ethics by providing role

model.

سياسة التربية لابد أن يؤيدها عامل التربية الذي يوجد في المقدمة وهو المدرس

الذي يمارس عملية التعليم. ومحاولة ترقية جودة التربية لابد أن تنفذ تدريجيا

معتمدا على الخطة الاستراتيجية. ومحاولة ترقية كفاءة المدرس تكون بوسيلة

إشراف التعليم. ويمكن أن يقوم مدير المدرسة بتنمية كفائة المدرس عن طريق

الإشراف، ويشتمل على: 1( إشراف كفاءة المدرس العلمية، وذلك عن طريق

) تشجيعه في ترقية مستوى دراسته بمواصلة دراسته إلى المستوى الأعلى. 2

إشراف استراتيجية التعليم، وذلك عن طريق مساعدته في إيجاد والوسائل

التعليمية . 3 ( إشراف في الناحية السلوكية للمدرس، وذلك أن يكون مدير

المدرسة قدوة لغيره.

Kebijakan pendidikan harus ditopang oleh pelaku pendidikan yang

berada di front terdepan yakni guru melalui interaksinya dalam

pendidikan. Upaya meningkatkan mutu pendidikan perlu dilakukan

secara bertahap dengan mengacu pada rencana strategis. Salah

satu upaya peningkatan profesional guru adalah melalui supervisi

pengajaran. Kepala sekolah dalam membina profesionalisme guru

adalah dengan cara pembinaan, meliputi; 1) Pembinaan keilmuan

guru, yaitu salah satunya dengan cara mersupport/mendorong

peningkatan kualifikasi guru untuk meningkatkan pendidikan ke

jenjang yang lebih tinggi 2) Pembinaan strategi pengajaran, yaitu

dengan cara membantu guru dalam pembuatan perangkat

pembelajaran. Dan 3) Pembinaan kode etik guru, yaitu bahwa,

kepala sekolah dapat di jadikan teladan.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED ISLAM SCHOOL CURRICULUM (SIT) AT SDIT BINA INSANI KEDIRI
Authors: Triastuti Febriana
Published: August 2018

This article describes the implementation of the Integrated Islamic

School curriculum and its concept in the Integrated Islamic Primary

School (SDIT) Bina Insani Kediri. This research uses qualitative

approach. Data collection procedures in this study are observation,

interviews, and documentation. There is a difference between

PENDIKNAS curriculum and the Integrated Islamic School

curriculum (SIT) in terms of content, implementation strategies and

evaluations. The curriculum of Integrated Islamic School (SIT) is a

combination of National Education curriculum and the uniqueness

of Integrated Islamic School (SIT). The implementation is done by

internalizing Islamic values into learning materials, activities, and

rules and norms.

تبين هذه المقالة عن تطبيق منهج المدرسة الإسلامية الشاملة ومفهومه

بالمدرسة الابتدائية الشاملة بنا إنساني بكديري. ويستخدم هذا البحث المنهج

الكيفي . وتكون عملية جمع البيانات في هذا البحث عن طريق الملاحظة،

والحوار، والتوثيق . ويختلف منهج التعليم الوطني عن منهج المدرسة

الإسلامية الشاملة، سواء كان في المضمون، أم في استراتيجية التطبيق، أم في

التقييم. ومنهج المدرسة الإسلامية الشاملة عبارة عن جمع منهج التعليم الوطني

ومنهج المدرسة الإسلامية الشاملة الخاص. وتكون عملية تطبيقه عن طريق

استيعاب القيم الإسلامية في داخل المواد الدراسية، والأنشطة، والنظم

والمعايير الموجودة.

Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang implementasi kurikulum Sekolah

Islam Terpadu dan konsepnya di Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu

(SDIT) Bina Insani Kediri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan

kualitatif. Prosedur pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini

menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.

Terdapat perbedaan antara kurikulum PENDIKNAS dengan

kurikulum Sekolah Islam Terpadu (SIT) baik dari segi isi, strategi

pelaksanaan maupun evaluasinya. Kurikulum Sekolah Islam

Terpadu (SIT) merupakan perpaduan antara kurikulum Pendidikan

Nasional (Pendiknas) dengan kekhasan Sekolah Islam Terpadu

(SIT). Pelaksanaannya dilakukan dengan meng-internalisasi nilainilai

Islam ke dalam materi pembelajaran, kegiatan, maupun

aturan dan norma yang ada.
PENGARUH MEDIA ADOBE FLASH DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FIQIH
Authors: Rohman Miftakhul , Yasin Muhammad , Marwan Iwan
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Based on preliminary observation note that, in learning activities, teachers deliver materials with power point media less attract students to be active, this is seen only passive students in learning activities. Such activities make students less motivated. The purpose of this study is 1) Describe the implementation of student learning jurisprudence through the application of Adobe Flash media. 2) Describe the learning activities of jurisprudence students through the application of Adobe Flash media. 3) Describing the results of study of jurisprudence of students of Blitar City through the application of Adobe Flash media on basic competence “Explaining the provisions of inheritance law in Islam.” Based on the results of research can be concluded that the application of Adobe Flash media can improve the activity and learning outcomes of students, apply and develop Adobe Flash media in learning jurisprudence with material Explain the provisions of inheritance law in Islam more deepened.
Abstrak: Berdasarkan observasi awal diketahui bahwa, pada kegiatan pembelajaran, guru menyampaikan materi dengan media power point kurang menarik siswa untuk aktif, hal ini terlihat siswa hanya pasif dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Kegiatan yang demikian membuat siswa kurang termotivasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) Mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran fiqih siswa melalui penerapan media Adobe Flash. 2) Mendeskripsikan aktivitas belajar fiqih siswa melalui penerapan media Adobe Flash. 3) Mendeskripsikan hasil belajar fiqih siswa Kota Blitar melalui penerapan media Adobe Flash pada kompetensi dasar “Menjelaskan ketentuan hukum waris dalam Islam.” Berdasarkan hasil penelian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan media Adobe Flash dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar fiqih siswa, untuk itu disarankan agar guru menerapkan dan mengembangkan media Adobe Flash dalam pembelajaran fiqih dengan materi Menjelaskan ketentuan hukum waris dalam Islam yang lebih diperdalam.
METODE PENUGASAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PAI
Authors: Ismail Moh , Hadi M. Noer , Sunaiyah Salma
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Based on the results obtained a conclusion that Assignment Method Class XII PAI included in the category enough. It is based on the acquisition of real score with the average value (Mean) are 130.86. While the student's motivation is also in fair category based on the acquisition value of the average (mean) of 116.55. Based on calculations of influence, it can be deduced that there is a strong and significant influence between the Assignment Method on the students motivation in class XII PAI. The magnitude of the influence coefficient is 0.616, while the result obtained significant effect of value amount 10.2858. The value is more than equal to 1.654 at 5 percent error rate. While the determination coefficient test result 0,37,94. this means that 37.94 percent of the Assignment Method affect class XII student motivation on the subjects of Islamic Religious Education.
Abstrak: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh suatu kesimpulan bahwa Metode PenugasanPAI termasuk dalam kategori cukup. Hal ini berdasarkan perolehan real score dengan nilai rata-rata (Mean) sebasar 130,86. Sedangkan motivasi belajar siswa juga dalam kategori cukup berdasarkan perolehan nilai rata-rata (mean) sebesar 116,55. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan pengaruh, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang kuat dan signifikan antara Metode Penugasan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PAI. Besarnya koefisien pengaruh adalah 0,616, sedangkan hasil signifikansi pengaruh didapatkan nilai thitung sama dengan 10,2858. nilai tersebut lebih besar dari ttabel sama dengan 1,654 pada tingkat kesalahan 5 persen. Sedangkan pada pengujian koefisien determinasi diperoleh hasil 0,37,94. hal ini berarti bahwa sebesar 37,94 persen Metode Penugasan mempengaruhi motivasi belajar siswa kelas XII pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam.
PETANI VS NEGARA: Studi Tentang Konflik Tanah Hutan Negara dan Resolusinyadalam Perspektif Fiqh
Authors: Rokhmad Abu
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Forest land disputes since the rolling reform sticking 1998. The factors that trigger disputes, partly due; a) illegal logging Perhutani office harm; b) disputes between MDH with Perum Perhutani officials; c) violence committed by both sides in this dispute. Forest land dispute resolution conducted by using nonlitigation approach. To arrive at this settlement, MDH do strategies; a) self-organization; b) cooperation and communication with parties that have the same problem; c) demonstration; d) clearing and resistance revenge. The fourth strategy is used in order to conduct negotiations and mediation with the Perum Perhutani. The final result of the negotiation and mediation are the cooperation in such programs as Community Based Forest Management (CBFM) or the like. The use of various strategies that, as far as not violate the principles of Islamic law allowed. Implementation of the strategy should be done in a peaceful manner and does not cause damage (madarat).
Abstrak: Sengketa lahan hutan sejak reformasi bergulir mencuat 1998. Faktor-faktor yang memicu perselisihan, sebagian karena; a) Pembalakan liar merugikan kantor Perhutani; b) perselisihan antara MDH dengan pejabat Perum Perhutani; c) kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh kedua belah pihak dalam perselisihan ini.Resolusi sengketa lahan hutan dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan non litigasi. Untuk sampai pada penyelesaian ini, MDH melakukan strategi; a) pengorganisasian diri; b) kerjasama dan komunikasi dengan pihak-pihak yang memiliki masalah yang sama; c) demonstrasi; d) pembalasan dendam dan perlawanan. Strategi keempat digunakan untuk melakukan negosiasi dan mediasi dengan Perum Perhutani. Hasil akhir negosiasi dan mediasi adalah kerjasama dalam program seperti Pengelolaan Hutan Berbasis Masyarakat (CBFM) atau sejenisnya. Penggunaan berbagai strategi itu, sejauh tidak melanggar asas hukum Islam diperbolehkan. Implementasi strategi harus dilakukan secara damai dan tidak menimbulkan kerusakan (madarat).