bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Driving and Traffic Accidents among People with Seizures: A Systematic Review
Authors: Xu Ying , Shanthosh Janani , Zhou Zien , Somerville Ernest , Anderson Craig S. , Glozier Nick , Hackett Maree L.
Published: May 2019

Background and Objectives: Epilepsy influences the ability to drive. We undertook a systematic review to determine the prevalence of driving or holding a driver’s license among people with seizures, the prevalence of traffic accidents among those who drive, and factors that may explain heterogeneity in these point estimates. Method: We followed MOOSE and PRISMA guidelines in searching 8 databases from inception to June 27, 2018. All published observational studies were included, with the exception of case-control studies where prevalence could not be determined, case reports, and studies with fewer than 50 participants. We assessed external and internal validity and quality of studies, produced forest plots, and conducted meta-regression in “Stata 13.” Results: Data were available from 67 studies published between 1967 and 2018. Across the studies there was a wide range in the prevalence of driving (3–90%) and holding a driver’s license (8–98%). Up to 39% of people with epilepsy drove in violation of restrictions. Prevalence of traffic accidents ranged from 0 to 61% following seizure onset, or in the past 1–5 years. The percentage of people with seizures who drove decreased as time since diagnosis increased (p = 0.01, adjusted R2 = 31%). The number of people with seizures who drove or held a driver’s license appears to have increased over time (p = 0.02, adjusted R2 = 7%) but without a corresponding increase in the number of traffic accidents. There was considerable heterogeneity between studies related to definitions, design, and population differences. Conclusions: There is considerable variation in the prevalence of driving after a diagnosis of epilepsy and in reported motor vehicle accidents. Further efforts are required to better understand the impact of epilepsy, and epilepsy surgery, on driving and road safety, especially where driving continues in violation of restrictions. Policy changes are needed to encourage the introduction of available and affordable alternatives for driving, for example, developing public transport networks, and promoting subsidy schemes to encourage use of public transport, taxis, Uber, and Lyft, among people experiencing seizures.
Checklist of helminth parasites of freshwater fishes from Mexico
Authors: SALGADO-MALDONADO GUILLERMO
Published: May 2019

Using published records and original data derived from my research, a checklist was generated of the helminth parasite fauna in 194 native and 18 introduced freshwater fish species from 30 families from Mexico. The checklist contains 262 nominal species, from 152 genera and 59 families of helminth parasites. It includes 37 species of adult trematodes, 52 metacercariae, 49 monogeneans, 15 adult cestodes, 22 metacestodes, 7 adult acanthocephalans, 5 cystacanths, 56 adult nematodes and 19 larval nematodes. Most of these species (150, 57%) are Neotropical, 35 (13%) are Nearctic, and 28 (11%) are either anthropogenically introduced into Mexico (21 of them), or are world-wide in their distribution (7 species). Insufficient data preclude the determination of the status of the rest of the species. Only 18 of these species are tentativelly pointed out as endemic to Mexico, although 55 species are recognized as being endemic to Mesoamerica. The data demonstrate that the helminth fauna of freshwater fish in Mexico is divided into Neotropical and Nearctic components with no apparent transition zone between them. The Nearctic fauna mainly consists of allogenic generalist species capable of invading Neotropical hosts and environments, but the Neotropical fauna, mostly autogenic and consisting of specialists to certain host families, is limited to Neotropical environments and hosts. This Neotropical fauna forms part of a Mesoamerican zone that extends from southeast Mexico along the Gulf of Mexico slope and into Central America. Fish families have typical groups of helminth species which allows the spatial distribution of helminths to follow that of their hosts. Together with their allogenic generalist characteristics, this gives this helminth fauna a broad distribution that covers Mexico’s Neotropical and Nearctic basins.
Geographic variation of chromosomes and somatic morphology in the Japanese polymorphic species Leiobunum hiraiwai (Arachnida: Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae)
Authors: TSURUSAKI NOBUO
Published: May 2019

The hiraiwai-subgroup of the Leiobunum curvipalpe-species group (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Leiobuninae) is revised on the basis of somatic morphology, genitalia and karyotypes. This subgroup is distributed mainly in the mountainous areas of the Japanese Beech (Fagus crenata) forest zone (usually above 700 m in altitude in the southwestern part of Japan) in the western part of the Japanese Islands and corresponds to a single polytypic species, Leiobunum hiraiwai (Sato & Suzuki, 1939) with eight geographic races. Leiobunum tamanum Suzuki, 1957 and L. tsushimense Suzuki, 1976 are here synonymized with L. hiraiwai. All the races, except for the Tsushima race, were chromosomally analyzed. The number of chromosomes varies geographically from 2n = 18 to 22 eastwards, irrespective of the variation in somatic morphology or male genitalia. Component chromosomes in these karyotypes are invariably metacentric or submetacentric in structure. Some morphological characters show a geographic pattern of variation that conforms to the stasipatric model of speciation. The possible processes of geographical differentiation of the species and direction of character evolution are inferred on the basis of such geographical patterns. The distribution of some character states suggests that the closest relative of the subgroup is the curvipalpe-subgroup (= Leiobunum curvipalpe Roewer, 1910 and L. tohokuense Suzuki, 1976) that inhabits the northeastern part of Honshu, Japan. The hiraiwai-subgroup (= Leiobunum hiraiwai) shows a mutually exclusive or checkerboard pattern of geographical distribution with regards to the montanum-subgroup (= Leiobunum montanum Suzuki, 1953) in southwestern Japan, suggesting some possible reproductive interference between these two species.
A new Tricommatinae from the montane savanna of São Paulo (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae)
Authors: KURY ADRIANO B.
Published: May 2019

A new species of the genus Pseudopachylus — P. martensi — is described from São José do Barreiro, São Paulo State, Brazil. Olynthus alticola H. Soares, 1945, from Alto da Serra, also in the São Paulo State, is transferred to Pseudopachylus. The genus Pseudopachylus now comprises six species.
A taxonomic revision of the family Oncopodidae VI. Martensiellus, a new genus from Borneo, and the discovery of a tarsal pore organ in Oncopodidae (Opiliones: Laniatores)
Authors: SCHWENDINGER PETER J.
Published: May 2019

A new genus, Martensiellus, is established for Martensiellus tenuipalpus n. sp. from central Sarawak. The distad-directed, expandable glans penis of this species indicates a close relationship with Biantoncopus fuscus Martens & Schwendinger from the Philippines. Females of two other species from eastern Sarawak and southern Kalimantan, which presumably also belong to Martensiellus n. g., are presented but not formally described. A dorsal pore, similar to the pore organ of Ricinulei, is reported to be present on undivided leg tarsi of mature specimens of Martensiellus tenuipalpus n. sp., ?Martensiellus n. g. spp., Palaeoncopus spp., Caenoncopus spp. and Oncopus spp. This character is considered as apomorphic for Oncopodidae, providing further support for monophyly of this family.
On some Linyphiidae of China, mainly from Taibai Shan, Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi Province (Arachnida: Araneae)
Authors: TANASEVITCH ANDREI V.
Published: May 2019

The collection of Prof. J. Martens and, in part, of Dr P. Jäger, mainly from Taibai Shan, Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi Province, China, contains 36 identifiable species of Linyphiidae. Among these, the following nine new species belong to known genera: Agyneta martensi sp. n., Arcuphantes chinensis sp. n., Indophantes ramosus sp. n., Mughiphantes beishanensis sp. n., M. jaegeri sp. n., M. martensi sp. n., Nippononeta sinica sp. n., Asthenargus conicus sp. n., and Dicymbium sinofacetum sp. n. Each of the remaining five new species warrants the erection of a new genus: Houshenzinus gen. n. (type species: Houshenzinus rimosus sp. n.), Shaanxinus gen. n. (type species: Shaanxinus rufipes sp. n.), Shanus gen. n. (type species: Shanus taibaiensis sp. n.), Taibainus gen. n. (type species: Taibainus shanensis sp. n.) and Taibaishanus gen. n. (type species: Taibaishanus elegans sp. n.). The following new synonym and combinations are proposed (valid names on the right): Gnathonarium cambridgei Schenkel 1963 = Gnathonarium taczanowskii (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1873) syn. n., Araeoncus stigmosus Xia, Zhang, Gao, Fei, Rui & Kim 2001 = Tibioploides stigmosus (Xia, Zhang, Gao, Fei, Rui & Kim 2001) comb. n., Walckenaeria anguilliformis Xia, Zhang, Gao, Fei, Rui & Kim 2001 = Shaanxinus anguilliformis (Xia, Zhang, Gao, Fei, Rui & Kim, 2001) comb. n., and Lepthyphantes huangyuanensis Zhu & Li 1983 = Tchatkalophantes huangyuanensis (Zhu & Li 1983) comb. n. The female of Tibioploides stigmosus comb. n. is described for the first time.
The Palaearctic Titmouse Species (Aves: Paridae: Parus sensu lato) — A current survey*
Authors: ECK SIEGFRIED
Published: May 2019

Within the Palaearctic taxa belonging to the genus Parus s.l. there are sympatric species at all levels of similarity. However, during the entire 20th Century no other sympatric cryptospecies were discovered, despite the progressive refinement of comparative methods. All the taxonomic changes introduced were related to determining the status of allopatric and parapatric taxa, in particular with respect to either 1. the subspecies or species status or, more rarely, 2. direct systematic relationships in the cases of Parus superciliosus, P. lugubris hyrcanus and P. davidi. This taxonomic survey of Palaearctic titmouse species aims at a synthesis of the results of both classical morphological methods on the one hand and the more recent bioacoustic and molecular studies on the other. Under the assumptions of the biospecies concept 22 Palaearctic titmouse species are distinguished, which at a higher taxonomic level belong to fourteen geospecies. Most species embrace different “population groups”, which represent the smallest bundling of taxa on a morphological-geographical basis. Within Palaearctic Paridae each of the 44 population groups presented in this paper is distinguished by a distinct morphological character set. Mean values of several morphometric measurements, such as wing length, tail length and relative tail length are provided for each population group in the species list (Section VI).
A new Umbopilio species from Assam, NE India (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae)
Authors: KLIMEŠ LEOŠ
Published: May 2019

The monotypic genus Umbopilio Roewer, 1956 (Opiliones, Sclerosomatidae) from Burma, originally placed in the Phalangiinae and later transferred to the Sclerosomatinae, is here transferred to the Gagrellinae. A second species of the genus, Umbopilio martensi n. sp., is described from Assam, NE India.
The male of Marengo nitida with the description of M. rattotensis new species from Sri Lanka (Araneae: Salticidae)
Authors: BENJAMIN SURESH P.
Published: May 2019

Systematics of Marengo nitida Simon, 1900 is discussed and M. rattotensis new species is described. The female of M. nitida is described for the first time. M. rattotensis is diagnosed by the unique shape of its retrolateral tibial apophysis. M. nitida can be separated from other Marengo spp. by the rounded shape of its opisthosoma, and males by the characteristic retrolateral tibial apophysis. The genus Marengo now contains six species with most of them known only from Sri Lanka.
A new species of tree frog, genus Dendropsophus (Anura: Hylidae), from the Amazon of northern Bolivia
Authors: MORAVEC JIŘÍ , APARICIO JAMES , KÖHLER JÖRN
Published: May 2019

We describe a new species of small Dendropsophus from lowland Amazonia of the Departamento Pando, northern Bolivia. The new species is mainly characterized by smooth dorsal skin, indistinct tympanic annulus, lack of tarsal folds, yellowish-tan to reddish-brown dorsum with obscure dark brown markings, colouration of loreal-tympanic region and flanks sharply outlined and contrasting against dorsum and yellowish-green to bluish-green vocal sac in life. The advertisement call consists of a series of very short pulsed notes, with note repetion rate being the highest known within the species group. Regarding the morphological similarities of adults, the new species is tentatively grouped with species placed in the Dendropsophus microcephalus group.
A new species of Intromugil Overstreet & Curran, 2005 (Digenea, Haploporidae) from the Brazilian marine fish Mugil liza Valenciennes (Perciformes, Mugilidae)
Authors: FERNANDES BERENICE M.M. , COHEN SIMONE C.
Published: May 2019

Intromugil annakohnae n. sp. is described based on specimens recovered from the intestine of Mugil liza Valenciennes (Mugilidae) from the coast of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Intromugil annakohnae n. sp. differs from I. mugilicolus by having a smaller body (0.70–1.90mm compared to 2.54–2.77mm), larger eggs (82–105 x 45–72 compared to 60–80 x 40), and by the presence of vitelline follicles in the post-testicular space. It differs from I. simonei in the size of body, being smaller (0.70–1.90mm by 0.30–0.62mm compared to 2.11–2.56mm by 0.80–0.91mm), in the shape of oral sucker, which is subterminal and rounded in the new species, instead of terminal and cupshaped, and in I. annakohnae n. sp. the vitellarium extending further anteriorly beyond the testis, reaching the posterior margin of ventral sucker in some specimens, rather than surrounding the testis as in I. simonei.
Revision of the genus Amputoearinus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) with fourteen new species
Authors: LINDSAY CHERYL , SHARKEY MICHAEL
Published: May 2019

Fourteen new species of Amputoearinus are described along with redescriptions for A. matamata Sharkey and A. fernandezi Sharkey. A phylogenetic hypothesis employing morphological characters is proposed for the species of Amputoearinus using three other genera of Agathidinae as outgroups. The fourteen new species are: Amputoearinus alafumidus sp.n., Amputoearinus boringi sp.n., Amputoearinus erudio sp.n., Amputoearinus flavocacumen sp.n., Amputoearinus galbus sp.n., Amputoearinus gloriae sp.n., Amputoearinus niger sp.n., Amputoearinus pectusacutum sp.n., Amputoearinus pitzi sp.n., Amputoearinus planusfunditus sp.n., Amputoearinus seltmannae sp.n., Amputoearinus sharanowskiae sp.n., Amputoearinus surinen sp.n., and Amputoearinus variegatus sp.n.
The species of the genus Diaclina Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Alphitobiini) from Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: SCHAWALLER WOLFGANG
Published: May 2019

The species of Diaclina Jacquelin du Val, 1861 (Tenebrioninae: Alphitobiini) from the Sub-Saharan Africa are revised. Following new species are proposed: Diaclina ashantica sp. nov. (Ghana), D. grandis sp. nov. (Congo), D. muehlei sp. nov. (Rwanda). Diaclina ovalis Gebien, 1921 is revalidated. Following new synonyms are introduced: Diaclina gracilis (Fåhraeus, 1870) = Diaclina depressa Ardoin, 1963 syn. nov., Diaclina elliptica Ardoin, 1969 syn. nov.; Diaclina ovalis Gebien, 1921 = Diaclina decellei Ardoin, 1969 syn. nov. Lectotypes are designated for Diaclina brevicollis Gebien, 1921, D. cameruna Gebien, 1921, D. minuta Gebien, 1921, and D. ovalis Gebien, 1921. Habitus photographs and figures of aedeagi of all examined species are provided, and an identification key for the African species is added.
Falling Trend of Western Disturbances in Future Climate Simulations
Authors: Hunt Kieran M. R. , Turner Andrew G. , Shaffrey Len C.
Published: May 2019

Western disturbances (WDs) are synoptic-scale cyclonic weather systems advected over Pakistan and northern India by the subtropical westerly jet stream. There, they are responsible for most of the winter precipitation, which is crucial for agriculture of the rabi crop as well for as more extreme precipitation events, which can lead to local flooding and avalanches. Despite their importance, there has not yet been an attempt to objectively determine the fate of WDs in future climate GCMs. Here, a tracking algorithm is used to build up a catalog of WDs in both CMIP5 historical and representative concentration pathway (RCP) experiments of the future. It is shown that in business-as-usual (RCP8.5) future climate simulations, WD frequency falls by around 15% by the end of the twenty-first century, with the largest relative changes coming in pre- and postmonsoon months. Meanwhile, mean WD intensity will decrease, with central vorticity expected to become less cyclonic by about 12% over the same period. Changes in WD frequency are attributed to the projected widening and weakening of the winter subtropical jet as well as decreasing meridional wind shear and midtropospheric baroclinic vorticity tendency, which also explain the changes in intensity. The impact of these changes on regional precipitation is explored. The decline in WD frequency and intensity will cause a decrease in mean winter rainfall over Pakistan and northern India amounting to about 15% of the mean—subject to the ability of the models to represent the responsible processes. The effect on extreme precipitation events, however, remains unclear.
Possible Relationship between the Chukchi Sea Ice in the Early Winter and the February Haze Pollution in the North China Plain
Authors: Yin Zhicong , Wang Huijun , Ma Xiaohui
Published: May 2019

Haze pollution is among the most serious disasters in the North China Plain, dramatically damaging human health and the social economy. The frequency of haze events in February typically varies from the number of haze days in the winter. To improve the understanding of haze pollution in February, this study not only showed the large-scale atmospheric circulations associated with the variation in the haze, but also analyzed its connection with Arctic sea ice. The observational and large ensemble model results both illustrated that the preceding increase in the early-winter Chukchi Sea ice might intensify the February haze pollution. The accumulated sea ice over the Chukchi Sea resulted in a steeper meridional sea surface temperature gradient and a significant and persistent westerly thermal wind. In February, the responsive pattern in the atmosphere developed into a Rossby wave–like pattern, linking the Chukchi Sea ice and the February haze pollution. Modulating by the induced large-scale atmospheric circulations, the horizontal and vertical atmospheric ventilation conditions and the hygroscopic growth conditions enhanced the frequency of haze pollution events.
Observations of Diurnal Coastal-Trapped Waves with a Thermocline-Intensified Velocity Field
Authors: Schlosser Tamara L. , Jones Nicole L. , Musgrave Ruth C. , Bluteau Cynthia E. , Ivey Gregory N. , Lucas Andrew J.
Published: May 2019

Using 18 days of field observations, we investigate the diurnal (D1) frequency wave dynamics on the Tasmanian eastern continental shelf. At this latitude, the D1 frequency is subinertial and separable from the highly energetic near-inertial motion. We use a linear coastal-trapped wave (CTW) solution with the observed background current, stratification, and shelf bathymetry to determine the modal structure of the first three resonant CTWs. We associate the observed D1 velocity with a superimposed mode-zero and mode-one CTW, with mode one dominating mode zero. Both the observed and mode-one D1 velocity was intensified near the thermocline, with stronger velocities occurring when the thermocline stratification was stronger and/or the thermocline was deeper (up to the shelfbreak depth). The CTW modal structure and amplitude varied with the background stratification and alongshore current, with no spring–neap relationship evident for the observed 18 days. Within the surface and bottom Ekman layers on the shelf, the observed velocity phase changed in the cross-shelf and/or vertical directions, inconsistent with an alongshore propagating CTW. In the near-surface and near-bottom regions, the linear CTW solution also did not match the observed velocity, particularly within the bottom Ekman layer. Boundary layer processes were likely causing this observed inconsistency with linear CTW theory. As linear CTW solutions have an idealized representation of boundary dynamics, they should be cautiously applied on the shelf.
Association Between γ-Glutamyltransferase Level and Cardiovascular or All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Ping , Wu Peng , Liu Xing , Feng Jian , Zheng Shuzhan , Wang Yan , Fan Zhongcai
Published: May 2019

This meta-analysis assessed the prognostic value of serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level for cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and Weipu databases until December 2018. Observational studies investigating the prognostic role of serum GGT level for CV and all-cause mortality in patients with CAD were included. Pooled risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the highest versus the lowest GGT level were used to summarize the prognostic value. Twelve studies involving 12 531 patients with CAD were included. Meta-analysis showed that elevated GGT level was significantly associated with higher risk of CV mortality (RR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.57-2.64) and all-cause mortality (RR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.27-1.74) in patients with CAD. This meta-analysis suggests that elevated serum GGT levels are an independent predictor of CV and all-cause mortality in patients with CAD. Determination of GGT level may improve the prediction of CV and all-cause mortality in patients with CAD.
Endoscopic Visualization of the True Maxillary Ostium Following Uncinectomy
Authors: Ahmed Omar H. , Lafer Marissa P. , Bandler Ilana , Zan Elcin , Wang Binhuan , Lebowitz Richard A. , Lieberman Seth M.
Published: May 2019

Objectives:

To examine the frequency in which angled endoscopes are necessary to visualize the true maxillary ostium (TMO) following uncinectomy and prior to maxillary antrostomy. Additionally, to identify preoperative computed tomography (CT) measures that predict need for an angled endoscope to visualize the TMO.

Study Design:

Retrospective study.

Setting:

Tertiary academic hospital.

Patients and Methods:

Patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) between December of 2017 and August of 2018 were retrospectively identified. Cases were reviewed if they were primary ESS cases for chronic rhinosinusitis without polyposis and if they were at least 18 years of age.

Results:

Sixty-three maxillary antrostomies were reviewed (82.5% were from bilateral cases). Thirty-five cases (55.6%) required an angled endoscope in order to visualize the TMO. Of the preoperative CT measures examined, a smaller sphenoid keel-caudal septum-nasolacrimal duct (SK-CS-NL) angle was significantly associated with need for an angled endoscope intraoperatively to visualize the TMO (17.1° SD ± 3.2 vs 15.0° SD ± 2.9; P = .010).

Conclusion:

Angled endoscopes are likely required in the majority of maxillary antrostomies to visualize the TMO. This is important to recognize in order to prevent iatrogenic recirculation. The SK-CS-NL angle may help to identify cases preoperatively which require an angled endoscope to identify the TMO during surgery.
Horner syndrome due to blunt thoracic trauma
Authors: Moraga Eduardo Leyva , Celaya Jesús Martín Ibarra , Rodriguez Marco Antonio McGahey , Moraga Francisco Leyva , Ortega Graciano Castillo , Moraga Fernando Leyva
Published: May 2019

A relationship between Horner syndrome and thoracic trauma is exceedingly rare. We present the case of a 46-year-old man who was brought to our center after an accidental fall from a height of 4 meters. He sustained multiple ribs fractures as well as scapular and clavicle fractures in the left hemithorax. During his hospital stay, he developed Horner syndrome due to a posterior fracture of the first rib.
The logic of domains
Authors: Ribes David , Hoffman Andrew S , Slota Steven C , Bowker Geoffrey C
Published: May 2019

The logic of domains has become a key organizing principle for contemporary computing projects and in broader science policy. The logic parses collectives of expertise into ‘domains’ that are to be studied or engaged in order to inform computational advancements and/or interventions on the domains themselves. The concept of a domain is set against a proposition that there is a more general, domain independent or agnostic technique that can serve to intermediate the domains. This article contrasts instances of this discourse, organizing and techne, drawing from cases in artificial intelligence, software engineering, and science policy to illustrate three ongoing figurations of the logic as i) experimental research, ii) formalization in method and software tools, and iii) a de facto organizing principle for science policy and technology development.
Developing a sustainable cancer educational resource for occupational therapists
Authors: Pigott Amanda , Nixon Jodie , Brennan Kate , Trevethan Megan , Mahoney Lauren
Published: May 2019

Introduction

Occupational therapists have a key role in supporting people experiencing cancer and its consequences. A complex skill mix is required to fulfil this role, creating a training need for occupational therapists.

Method

This study retrospectively examined the evolution and sustainability of the cancer occupational therapy interest group, a cancer educational resource for occupational therapists within public health facilities in Queensland, Australia. Development of the programme was reviewed and data were analysed to examine involvement in the programme and confidence in providing cancer services.

Results

Membership of the interest group, participating locations and videoconference attendances all increased across the study period from 2012–2016. The practice areas participants most frequently reported confidence addressing were fatigue management and palliative care. Participants most frequently reported they were not confident addressing sexuality and relaxation management.

Conclusion

The cancer occupational therapy interest group provides an approach that demonstrates some utility with providing education and information for occupational therapists in cancer services.
Experiences of Economic Abuse in the Community: Listening to Survivor Voices
Authors: Voth Schrag Rachel J.
Published: May 2019

Economic abuse (EA) comprises tactics of intimate partner violence (IPV) which undermine survivors’ economic self-sufficiency and self-efficacy. Evidence is strong that survivors of IPV who have accessed formal services have experienced a wide range of EA tactics. However, there remains a gap in our understanding of EA experiences for survivors who have not sought IPV services. Thus, this article presents the findings of qualitative interviews with a group of women attending community college ( n = 20) who screened as having experienced intimate partner violence in their current or most recent relationship but who have never sought formal IPV services. Four themes emerged: (1) economic control, (2) economic exploitation, (3) economic manipulation, and (4) the economics of safety. The voices of these survivors highlight how EA is a critical issue for social workers in IPV service agencies, along with those who interact with IPV survivors in a range of other settings. Empowering social workers to identify the tactics and impacts of EA could lead interventions aimed at supporting survivors and begin undoing the economics of abuse.
School and Careers for Working-class Kids
Authors: Gallagher David
Published: May 2019

It is the end of the world — that button has been pushed. Most of the world's population have managed to escape to another planet. The remaining ten people are about to board the last space flight to safety. Due to a mistake in the calculations there is now only space on the space ship for seven people. You have to select which three will remain behind and face certain death. The ten people are Paul Keating, John Hewson, Madonna, the Queen, Jeff Kennett, Pat Cash, Bronwyn Bishop, Princess Diana, Mary Smith and an unmarried mother. Spend a couple of minutes deciding whom you would leave off the space ship.
Are Realistic Types Really Less Career Mature?: Year 10 Differences in Career Maturity between Holland's Work Personality Types
Authors: Clayton Ian M. , Fletcher Janet F.
Published: May 2019

The Career Development Inventory and Holland's Self-Directed Search were administered to 89 Year 10 students. There were no significant differences in attitudinal career maturity between Holland's work personality types, but differences in cognitive career maturity were significant, and closely replicated the patterning obtained by Jones, Hansen and Putnam (1976), in which Investigative types had most career maturity and Realistic types had least. However, when educational achievement was used as a covariate in the relationship of cognitive career maturity and Holland type, there were no longer significant differences. A discussion is made of whether Realistic types are really less career mature, or whether measures of career maturity are inappropriate for Realistic types due to the confounding of other variables.
Compromise of Non-traditional: The Relationship between Expressed and Measured Interests
Authors: Care Esther
Published: May 2019

Where students participate in guidance programs of which interest measurement is a component, careers counsellors often tend to base their initial intervention approach on the inventory results, Some students do not respond positively to this approach. It is suggested that this may occur particularly when students’ direct statements of occupational preference and their inventoried interests are at odds. Whether particular groups of students may be predisposed by virtue of their interest orientation to this condition is investigated. The extent to which a sample of Year 10 students express preference for occupations which are not congruent with their measured interests is analysed within the context of Holland personality/interest groups. Results imply that students who display interest in non-traditional areas are more likely to express incongruent occupational aspirations.
Hydrallantois in cows naturally poisoned by Sida carpinifolia in Brazil
Authors: Reis Matheus O. , Cruz Raquel A. S. , Oliveira Luiz G. S. , Bassuino Daniele M. , Schwertz Claiton I. , Bianchi Matheus V. , Sonne Luciana , Pavarini Saulo P. , Driemeier David
Published: May 2019

Sida carpinifolia is a small subshrub that is distributed throughout Brazil and is responsible for lysosomal storage disease and occasional reproductive problems in cattle, goats, equids, sheep, and deer. We describe herein the clinical, epidemiologic, and pathologic features of hydrallantois in 3 cows naturally poisoned by S. carpinifolia in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Clinically, all cows had marked abdominal distension and mild ataxia. After natural death or euthanasia, autopsies revealed that the abdominal distension in all 3 cases was caused by severe enlargement of the uterus, which contained 100–120 L of translucent fluid within the allantois, in addition to adventitial placentation. Microscopic evaluation of the placenta revealed marked diffuse edema, sometimes with a myxomatous appearance. Neurons in the cerebellum and obex were swollen, with mild-to-moderate cytoplasmic granular vacuolation. Histochemical examination with lectins ConA, WGA, and sWGA revealed mild-to-marked staining in the cytoplasm of neurons of the cerebellum and medulla at the level of the obex, indicating the occurrence of α-mannosidosis.
Levels of Positive Mental Health in Portuguese and Spanish Nursing Students
Authors: Sequeira Carlos , Carvalho José Carlos , Gonçalves Amadeu , Nogueira Maria José , Lluch-Canut Teresa , Roldán-Merino Juan
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Positive mental health (PMH) is described as the sense of feeling good and functioning well. PMH is vital for the individual’s positive functioning and psychological well-being, particularly regarding the factors important for living a purposeful life and accomplishing personal goals. Nursing students are exposed to a variety of stressors that are very likely to decrease well-being and trigger stress, anxiety, and depression. Data focusing on PMH in nursing students are lacking, and this subject has been frequently neglected in nursing practice and research on positive functioning. AIMS: To assess positive mental health levels in two samples of nursing students. METHODS: A quantitative cross-sectional study. A convenience sample of 2,238 nursing students with an average age of 21 years (17-36 years old) were recruited from two nursing schools—Porto (Portugal) and Barcelona (Spain). The Positive Mental Health Questionnaire and sociodemographic items were used to measure the PMH. RESULTS: The majority of participants were female (88.6%), and 7.7% had physical health problem and 2.6% referred to a mental health problem. The mean PMH score was 83.4, indicating a good PMH level. A total of 58.4% reported a moderate PMH, and only 0.5% indicated low PMH level. Results were not significantly different between genders ( p > .05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study make important contributions to our understanding of PMH levels in a large sample of nursing students and the efficacy of Positive Mental Health Questionnaire, which is an accurate tool to measure PMH. Our findings also prompt discussion about PMH and its implications for practice and teaching.
Pain intensity in total hip arthroplasty patients: how communication influences satisfaction
Authors: Mohamed Nequesha S , Dávila Castrodad Iciar M , Gwam Chukwuweike U , Etcheson Jennifer I , Passarello Alexandra N , George Nicole E , Mahajan Ashwin K , Delanois Ronald E
Published: May 2019

Introduction:

An important global measure of health care quality is patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction partially determines hospital reimbursement for procedures such as total hip arthroplasty (THA). Press Ganey (PG) survey responses assess patient satisfaction, and impact reimbursement. Current efforts to maximise repayment for THA include reducing postoperative pain. The “Pain Management” survey domain is considered a significant factor in patient ratings, but other studies have highlighted staff communication domains as determinants of satisfaction. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare PG survey responses to inpatient pain intensity.

Methods:

We queried the PG database for all patients who underwent a THA between November 2012 and January 2015. This yielded a total of 302 patients. Descriptive statistics were performed to analyse patient-level demographics. A multivariate regression model was constructed utilising pain intensity as the dependent variable.

Results:

Patients rating of “Communication with Doctors” ( B = –25.534; p < 0.001) and “Communication about Medicines” ( B = –31.49; p = < 0.001) domains were representative of patient pain intensity. No other factors demonstrated a significant relationship to pain intensity.

Conclusions:

Patient satisfaction continues to be important in care quality. Surrogate markers, such as the PG survey, can guide institutions looking to improve care. Our study revealed scores for “Communication with Doctors” and “Communication about Medicines” best represented true pain intensity levels for THA recipients during the postoperative period. The “Pain Management” domain did not display a relationship to pain intensity. The current method of measuring patient satisfaction should be reassessed to better represent patient responses and outcomes.
Machine Learning-Enhanced T Cell Neoepitope Discovery for Immunotherapy Design
Authors: Martins Joana , Magalhães Carlos , Rocha Miguel , Osório Nuno S
Published: May 2019

Immune responses mediated by T cells are aimed at specific peptides, designated T cell epitopes, that are recognized when bound to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. The HLA genes are remarkably polymorphic in the human population allowing a broad and fine-tuned capacity to bind a wide array of peptide sequences. Polymorphisms might generate neoepitopes by impacting the HLA-peptide interaction and potentially alter the level and type of generated T cell responses. Multiple algorithms and tools based on machine learning (ML) have been implemented and are able to predict HLA-peptide binding affinity with considerable accuracy. Challenges in this field include the availability of adequate epitope datasets for training and benchmarking and the development of fully integrated pipelines going from next-generation sequencing to neoepitope prediction and quality analysis metrics. Effectively predicting neoepitopes from in silico data is a demanding task that has been facilitated by ML and will be of great value for the future of personalized immunotherapies against cancer and other diseases.
Seeking a secure base: Gangs as attachment figures
Authors: De Vito Katherine
Published: May 2019

Street gangs are problematic throughout the world. Youth involved with street gangs are at a higher risk for winding up seriously physically injured, dead, or incarcerated. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to examine (a) how the childhood experiences of former gang members shape their decision to join a gang and (b) the factors that contribute to former gang members’ decision to disengage from gang membership. This study will promote the use of attachment theory to analyze motivating/disengagement factors for gang involvement. The voices of 14 former gang members are heard through qualitative interviews. Thematic analysis was used to identify the following themes: Lack of Family Consistency, Brotherhood, Sisterhood, Unity: Gang as Replacement Family, “No other Option,” and “Jail, Death, or a Turnaround:” Making the Decision to Disengage. Findings could be used to aid in youth gang prevention and intervention.
The Use of Restraint and Seclusion in Residential Treatment Care for Youth: A Systematic Review of Related Factors and Interventions
Authors: Roy Camille , Castonguay Ariane , Fortin Maxime , Drolet Christine , Franche-Choquette Geneviève , Dumais Alexandre , Lafortune Denis , Bernard Paquito , Geoffrion Steve
Published: May 2019

Children placed in residential treatment centers (RTCs) typically present challenging behavior including aggression. In this context, restraint and seclusion (R&S) are seen as “last resort” strategies for educators to manage youth aggression. The use of R&S is controversial, as they can lead to psychological and physical consequences for both the client and the care provider and have yet to be empirically validated as therapeutic. The objectives of this systematic review are to identify the factors related to R&S use in RTCs for youth and to review the interventions aiming to reduce the use of R&S. The identification of these factors is the first step to gaining a better understanding of the decision-making process leading to the use of R&S and ultimately to reducing the use of these strategies to a minimum. Thus, the present systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, CINAHL, ERIC, and PsycNET for articles published between 2002 and 2017. Key words used were synonyms of R&S, youth, and RTCs. Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria: must report on factors affecting the use of R&S in RTCs, must be conducted in RTCs for youth under the age of 21, and must report on original and empirical data. Factors related to the characteristics of the client, the care provider, and the environment, as well as to the implementation of programs for the reduction of R&S, were found to influence the use of R&S in RTCs. A conceptual model is presented. The implementation of programs to reduce R&S use is discussed.
Potential Molecular Mechanisms of AURKB in the Oncogenesis and Progression of Osteosarcoma Cells: A Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics Analysis
Authors: Pi Wen-Sen , Cao Zhi-Yuan , Liu Jia-Ming , Peng Ai-Fen , Chen Wen-Zhao , Chen Jiang-Wei , Huang Shan-Hu , Liu Zhi-Li
Published: May 2019

Our previous study indicated that knockdown of Aurora-B inhibit the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. But the function and molecular mechanisms of Aurora-B in osteosarcoma cells growth and metastasis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of Aurora-B in the progression of osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma cells (U2-OS and 143B) were treated with specific Lentivirus-Vectors (up or downregulation Aurora-B). The ability of cells proliferation, migration, and invasion was measured using Cell-Counting Kit-8, wound healing and transwell invasion assays. Furthermore, based on label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of potential molecular mechanisms of Aurora-B in human 143B cells. A total of 25 downregulated and 76 upregulated differentially expressed proteins were screened in terms of the change in their expression abundance. We performed functional annotation and functional enrichment analyses. Gene ontology enrichment, KEGG analysis, and protein–protein interaction networks were constructed and analyzed. We found that the PTK2 may play an important role in the progression of osteosarcoma cells. Finally, Western blot revealed that expression of PTK2, AKT, PI3K, and nuclear factor-kappaB increased after over expression of Aurora-B. Overall, these data highlight that Aurora-B may promote the malignant phenotype of osteosarcoma cells by activating the PTK2/PI3K/AKt/nuclear factor-KappaB pathway.
The Roof is Leaking and a Storm is Raging: Repairing the Blood–Brain Barrier in the Fight Against Epilepsy
Authors: Gorter J.A. , Aronica E. , van Vliet E.A.
Published: May 2019

A large body of evidence that has accumulated over the past decade strongly supports the role of both blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and perivascular inflammation in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Recent preclinical studies indicate that prolonged seizure- or brain injury-induced BBB dysfunction and subsequent perivascular inflammation may play an important role in post-traumatic epileptogenesis. In turn, perivascular inflammation can further sustain BBB dysfunction. In genetic epilepsies, such as tuberous sclerosis complex and other related epileptogenic developmental pathologies, there is an association between the underlying gene mutation, BBB dysfunction, and perivascular inflammation, but evidence for a causal link to epilepsy is lacking. Future neuroimaging studies might shed light on the role of BBB function in different epilepsies and address the potential for disease modification by targeting both the BBB and perivascular inflammation in acquired and genetic epilepsies.
Return to Yoga Rates Are High After Volar Plating of Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Goyal Nitin , Tsai Andrew G. , Li Jefferson , Wysocki Robert W.
Published: May 2019

Background: Yoga is a popular activity involving extreme wrist positioning and extension loading. Our purpose was to quantify the prevalence of preoperative yoga participation and characterize subsequent ability to return to yoga in patients undergoing volar locked plating of distal radius fractures. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all cases of distal radius open reduction internal fixation between August 2015 and March 2017. Patients were included if they were treated with volar locked plating and if they participated in yoga on a regular basis preoperatively. Patients were contacted at a minimum of 1 year postoperatively and surveyed about yoga participation. Results: A total of 149 patients who underwent distal radius volar plating were surveyed. Thirty-one patients (32 procedures, 20.8% of surveyed patients) participated in yoga on a regular basis preoperatively. Overall, 90.3% returned to yoga in some capacity. Mean times to return to yoga in any capacity, with weight-bearing, and in a “steady state” were 5.7, 7.4, and 10.0 months, respectively. Of patients who resumed yoga, 65.5% returned to the same or better level of yoga. Satisfaction with participation in yoga was 8.9 (out of 10). Conclusions: We found a relatively high yoga participation rate in patients undergoing distal radius fracture fixation, suggesting the need to be able to effectively counsel these patients. Our results demonstrate a high rate of return to yoga, although approximately one-third of patients experienced a decreased level of participation. Surgeons can use this information to set appropriate expectations.
Time-Course Evaluation of Iminodipropionitrile-Induced Liver and Kidney Toxicities in Rats: A Biochemical, Molecular and Histopathological Study
Authors: Alwelaie Manar A. , Al-Mutary Mohsen G. , Siddiqi Nikhat J. , Arafah Maha M. , Alhomida Abdullah S. , Khan Haseeb A.
Published: May 2019

Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) is known to produce axonopathy and vestibular hair cell degeneration. Recent histopathological studies have shown IDPN-induced liver and kidney toxicities in rodents; however, the associated mechanisms are not clearly understood. We investigated the role of proinflammatory cytokines in IDPN-induced liver and kidney toxicities in rats. Rats were treated with saline (control) and IDPN (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) daily for 1, 5, and 10 days, respectively. Animals were killed 24 hours after the last dose and liver and kidneys were collected for histopathology and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α messenger RNA expression analysis. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities were significantly increased after 10 doses of IDPN. The level of serum creatinine was initially increased after the first dose of IDPN but subsided on days 5 and 10. Blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly increased on days 5 and 10 following IDPN exposure. Histopathology showed dose-dependent hepatotoxicity in IDPN-treated rats. Iminodipropionitrile-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines peaked after day 1 in liver and after day 5 in kidneys. In conclusion, repeated exposure of IDPN for 10 days produced significant structural and functional damages in rat liver whereas kidneys showed gradual recovery with time. These findings point toward the role of inflammatory mediators in IDPN-induced toxicity in rats.
Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Carboxylic Acid-Functionalized Indenoisoquinolines
Authors: Dung Nguyen Tien , Giang Le Nhat Thuy , Thu Pham Hoai , Thuong Ngo Hanh , Tuyet Anh Dang Thi , Tan Luc Quang , Thanh Nguyen Ha , Anh Le Thi Tu , Anh Nguyen Tuan , Giang Bach Long , Tuyen Nguyen Van , Kiem Phan Van
Published: May 2019

In order to find out the influence of carboxylic acid functionalities in the N-lactam side chains of indenoisoquinolines on cytotoxic activities, several new compounds have been synthesized and structurally characterized by analytical and spectral methods. The incorporation of a carboxylic acid group into the lactam side chain of indenoisoquinolines results in differences in cytotoxicity. The results indicated that compound 18c displayed substantial cytotoxic specificity toward KB and HepG2 cancer cells.