bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring violence to end violence: mainstreaming gender
Authors: Walby Sylvia , Towers Jude
Published: May 2017

This article aims to mainstream gender into the measurement of violence, in order to assist the development of the theory of change needed to support actions to end violence. It addresses the division between gender-neutral and women-only strategies of data collection that is failing to deliver the quality evidence needed to address the extent and distribution of violence, developing a better operationalisation of the concepts of gender and violence for statistical analysis, and producing a checklist of criteria to assess the quality of statistics on gendered violence. It assesses the strengths and weakness of surveys linked to two contrasting theoretical perspectives: the Fundamental Rights Agency (FRA) Survey of Violence Against Women and the Office for National Statistics (ONS) Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW). It shows how the FRA Survey fails and how the ONS has limited the potential of the CSEW. It therefore offers a solution with a short questionnaire that is fit for purpose as well as ways of analysing data that escape the current polarisation.
Political, intimate and spectacular
Authors: Farinelli Patrizia
Published: May 2017

The article analyses selected performances from the Venice Biennale International Theatre Festival 2015. On the spectrum of quality performances with political and existential messages were works that showed an affinity for “modest” theatre, which still draws inspiration from Grotowski (La Zaranda), works with innovative design, which tend towards a revival of the modernist tradition while introducing new strategies of performance (Fabrice Murgia), and even experimental performances of a highly mixed genre. An example of the latter is the project by the group Agrupación Señor Serrano, in which exhausted theatrical conventions are displayed with radical freshness.
New beginnings after the war: Precision and mental freedom in dance and choreography – An interview with Susanna Linke
Authors: Aigner Franziska , Turkenich Uri
Published: May 2017

Susanne Linke spoke to us about the state of dance in post-war Germany, her experiences of dancing for Pina Bausch at Folkwang Tanzstudio and her generation’s intuitive emancipatory gesture of abandoning classical roles and themes.
Dancing and choreographing in post-war Germany: An interview with Reinhild Hoffman
Authors: Aigner Franziska , Turkenich Uri
Published: May 2017

Reinhild Hoffmann spoke to us about the slow shift in the dance studio towards equal Mitspracherecht (German for, literally, “the right to speak with”) of the dancer and author. She furthermore offered an insight into her own working method and her collaboration with Arno Wüstenhöfer, who offered choreographic directorships to Pina Bausch in Wuppertal and later to Hoffmann in Bremen.
Playing in public: Domestic politics and prosthetic memory in Paula Markovich’s El premio/The Prize (2011)
Authors: Maguire Geoffrey
Published: May 2017

Released in 2011, Paula Markovitch’s semi-autobiographical film revolves around the life of 7-year-old Cecilia and her tense negotiation of the ‘adult’ world of public militancy in 1970s Argentina. The film destabilizes the traditional boundaries between childhood and adulthood, exposing the profound politicization of the child’s domestic spaces as her parents’ political choices are thrust into every aspect of her daily life. This article argues that, by affording the child a greater sense of agency within these home spaces, the director of El premio/The Prize (2011) refuses to perpetuate the discourses of passive victimhood that are conventionally associated with the hijo/child in contemporary Argentina. Instead, Markovitch rethinks the domestic sphere as a site for political confrontation both between and within generations. By inhibiting the spectator’s potential to ‘prosthetically’ identify with the experience of the child victim, El premio surfaces as a paradigmatic example of a growing trend in contemporary Argentine film which seeks to expose, explore and impede society’s ongoing and pervasive gaze into the lives of the children of the disappeared.
Local filmmaking in Brazil: Place, politics and Pernambuco’s new cinema
Authors: Navarro Vinicius
Published: May 2017

This article looks at the recent cinema from the Brazilian state of Pernambuco, arguably the most visible of the local cinemas that have gained prominence in Brazil in the last two decades. For most of the twentieth century, local filmmaking remained somewhat marginal to Brazilian cinema, often overshadowed by metropolises such as Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. By contrast, the surge of local filmmaking in recent years has been key to the growth of Brazilian cinema after a period of near stagnation in the early 1990s. This article offers a partial survey of Pernambuco’s new cinema, focusing specifically on the notion of place. Drawing on the work of Doreen Massey, it proposes a relational reading of locality that de-emphasizes territorial fixity and associates place with social experience. The article relies on this relational approach to argue that Pernambuco’s cinema has revitalized Brazil’s tradition of political filmmaking.
Numerical modeling of the tide in the coast ar-ea Casablanca-Mohammedia (Morocco)
Authors: Mouakkir Laila , Mordane Soumia
Published: May 2017

The objective of this study is to simulate the tidal circulation in the coastal area Casablanca-Mohammedia located on the Moroccan Atlantic. Simulations of the tidal currents of this zone use the 2D version of the MECCA (Model for Estuarine and Coastal Circulation Assessment). These simulations are based on the depth-integrated dynamical equations of turbulent motion. Equations are solved by using the implicit finite-differences techniques. The modelincorporates the actual bottom topography and the effects of the Earth rotation. As forcing mechanism, the model uses the tidal heights prescribed along the open boundaries.As first results, numerical experiments show that the model provides good results compared to those of the altymetric model TPXO.
Effective and complete discovery of order dependencies via set-based axiomatization
Authors: Szlichta Jaroslaw , Godfrey Parke , Golab Lukasz , Kargar Mehdi , Srivastava Divesh
Published: May 2017

Integrity constraints (ICs) are useful for query optimization and for expressing and enforcing application semantics. However, formulating constraints manually requires domain expertise, is prone to human errors, and may be excessively time consuming, especially on large datasets. Hence, proposals for automatic discovery have been made for some classes of ICs, such as functional dependencies (FDs), and recently, order dependencies (ODs). ODs properly subsume FDs, as they can additionally express business rules involving order; e.g., an employee never has a higher salary while paying lower taxes than another employee.

We present a new OD discovery algorithm enabled by a novel polynomial mapping to a canonical form of ODs, and a sound and complete set of axioms (inference rules) for canonical ODs. Our algorithm has exponential worst-case time complexity,
O
(2

|
R
|

), in the number of attributes |
R
| and linear complexity in the number of tuples. We prove that it produces a complete and minimal set of ODs. Using real and synthetic datasets, we experimentally show orders-of-magnitude performance improvements over the prior state-of-the-art.
Nature–inspired metaheuristic algorithms to find near–OGR sequences for WDM channel allocation and their performance comparison
Authors: Bansal Shonak , Gupta Neena , Singh Arun Kumar
Published: May 2017

Nowadays, nature–inspired metaheuristic algorithms are most powerful optimizing algorithms for solving the NP–complete problems. This paper proposes three approaches to find near–optimal Golomb ruler sequences based on nature–inspired algorithms in a reasonable time. The optimal Golomb ruler (OGR) sequences found their application in channel–allocation method that allows suppression of the crosstalk due to four–wave mixing in optical wavelength division multiplexing systems. The simulation results conclude that the proposed nature–inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithms are superior to the existing conventional and nature–inspired algorithms to find near–OGRs in terms of ruler length, total optical channel bandwidth, computation time, and computational complexity. Based on the simulation results, the performance of proposed different nature–inspired metaheuristic algorithms are being compared by using statistical tests. The statistical test results conclude the superiority of the proposed nature–inspired optimization algorithms.
Nucleophilic C–H functionalization of arenes: a new logic of organic synthesis
Authors: Chupakhin Oleg N. , Charushin Valery N.
Published: May 2017

Direct metal-free C–H functionalization of arenes with nucleophiles is a new chapter in the chemistry of aromatics. Comprehensive studies on nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen in arenes (the SNHreactions), including mechanisms, intermediates, mathematic and electrochemical modeling, kinetics, electron-transfer, etc. have shown that this is not the hydride ion, but C–H proton is departed, and this process is facilitated by the presence of an appropriate oxidant or an auxiliary group. The SNHreactions, as a part of the general C–H functionalization concept, change the logic of organic synthesis. They open new opportunities, avoiding incorporation of good leaving groups or other auxiliaries in an aromatic ring, as a prefunctionalization step, thus providing a better correspondence to the principles of green chemistry.
Dynamic expression of CX36 protein in kainic acid kindling induced epilepsy
Authors: Wu Xue-mei , Wang Guang-liang , Hao Xiao-sheng , Feng Jia-chun
Published: May 2017

Connexin (Cx) 36 is known to be a component of gap junctions, and has been suggested to play an important role in epilepsy. In order to determine dynamic changes of Cx36 protein expression in epilepsy and investigate the role of Cx36 in electroencephalographic activity and pathogenesis, we utilized kainic acid (KA) to induce epileptogenesis. We found that epileptic discharges began 71.8 ± 23.7 s after KA administration. Spike frequency and amplitude of epileptiform activity reached maximal levels at 30 ± 5.2 min. The maximum level of spike frequency and amplitude of epileptiform activity was 13.9 ± 0.3 Hz and 198 ± 14.3mV respectively. Employing Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that hippocampal Cx36 protein expression was significantly increased 6 h after KA kindling compared to control or sham groups, but decreased in 3 d and 7d groups. Our results suggested that the dynamic change of Cx36 expression may play an important role inepilepsy, and the specific manipulation of Cx36 expression may be a potential target for the treatment of epilepsy.
DNA‐binding determinants and cellular thresholds for human telomerase repeat addition processivity
Authors: Wu Robert Alexander , Tam Jane , Collins Kathleen
Published: May 2017

The reverse transcriptase telomerase adds telomeric repeats to chromosome ends. Purified human telomerase catalyzes processive repeat synthesis, which could restore the full ~100 nucleotides of (T2AG3)n lost from replicated chromosome ends as a single elongation event. Processivity inhibition is proposed to be a basis of human disease, but the impacts of different levels of processivity on telomere maintenance have not been examined. Here, we delineate side chains in the telomerase active‐site cavity important for repeat addition processivity, determine how they contribute to duplex and single‐stranded DNA handling, and test the cellular consequences of partial or complete loss of repeat addition processivity for telomere maintenance. Biochemical findings oblige a new model for DNA and RNA handling dynamics in processive repeat synthesis. Biological analyses implicate repeat addition processivity as essential for telomerase function. However, telomeres can be maintained by telomerases with lower than wild‐type processivity. Furthermore, telomerases with low processivity dramatically elongate telomeres when overexpressed. These studies reveal distinct consequences of changes in telomerase repeat addition processivity and expression level on telomere elongation and length maintenance.
An Evolutionarily Conserved Role of Presenilin in Neuronal Protection in the Aging Drosophila Brain
Authors: Kang Jongkyun , Shin Sarah , Perrimon Norbert , Shen Jie
Published: May 2017

Mutations in the Presenilin genes are the major genetic cause of Alzheimer’s disease. Presenilin and Nicastrin are essential components of γ-secretase, a multi-subunit protease that cleaves Type I transmembrane proteins. Genetic studies in mice previously demonstrated that conditional inactivation of Presenilin or Nicastrin in excitatory neurons of the postnatal forebrain results in memory deficits, synaptic impairment, and age-dependent neurodegeneration. The roles of Drosophila Presenilin (Psn) and Nicastrin (Nct) in the adult fly brain, however, are unknown. To knockdown (KD) Psn or Nct selectively in neurons of the adult brain, we generated multiple shRNA lines. Using a ubiquitous driver, these shRNA lines resulted in 80–90% reduction of mRNA and pupal lethality—a phenotype that is shared with Psn and Nct mutants carrying nonsense mutations. Furthermore, expression of these shRNAs in the wing disc caused notching wing phenotypes, which are also shared with Psn and Nct mutants. Similar to Nct, neuron-specific Psn KD using two independent shRNA lines led to early mortality and rough eye phenotypes, which were rescued by a fly Psn transgene. Interestingly, conditional KD (cKD) of Psn or Nct in adult neurons using the elav-Gal4 and tubulin-Gal80ts system caused shortened lifespan, climbing defects, increases in apoptosis, and age-dependent neurodegeneration. Together, these findings demonstrate that, similar to their mammalian counterparts, Drosophila Psn and Nct are required for neuronal survival during aging and normal lifespan, highlighting an evolutionarily conserved role of Presenilin in neuronal protection in the aging brain.
Inferring the Joint Demographic History of Multiple Populations: Beyond the Diffusion Approximation
Authors: Jouganous Julien , Long Will , Ragsdale Aaron P , Gravel Simon
Published: May 2017

Patterns of genetic variation across populations are influenced by mutation, selection, genetic drift, and migrations. Building models of evolution...

Understanding variation in allele frequencies across populations is a central goal of population genetics. Classical models for the distribution of allele frequencies, using forward simulation, coalescent theory, or the diffusion approximation, have been applied extensively for demographic inference, medical study design, and evolutionary studies. Here we propose a tractable model of ordinary differential equations for the evolution of allele frequencies that is closely related to the diffusion approximation but avoids many of its limitations and approximations. We show that the approach is typically faster, more numerically stable, and more easily generalizable than the state-of-the-art software implementation of the diffusion approximation. We present a number of applications to human sequence data, including demographic inference with a five-population joint frequency spectrum and a discussion of the robustness of the out-of-Africa model inference to the choice of modern population.
XIII–XIV amžiaus Kernavės keramika
Authors: Baltramiejūnaitė Dovilė
Published: May 2017

Pottery in Kernavė from the 13th–14th CenturiesThe subject of this study is medieval wheel-turned pottery in Kernavė in the 13th-14th centuries. The main goal is to examine the development of pottery in this medieval town. For the study, the technological, morphological and ornamental properties of pottery were analyzed in detail in search of their functional significance and developement throughout space and time. Stylistic vessel groups were established based on specific characterizing attributes. The analysis of dispersion of these vessels and their fragments reveals therole and evolution of pottery in the early urban society.
TARPTAUTINIŲ ORGANIZACIJŲ TEORINIŲ PRIEIGŲ BEIEŠKANT
Authors: Šataitė Eglė Elena
Published: May 2017

...
Productivity and slaughter index of young gees feeding of soybean lecithin and sunflower
Authors: Orischuk O. S. , Ruban N. A. , Tsap S. V. , Mykytiuk V. V. , Darmohray L. M.
Published: May 2017

The results of the impact of soy lecithin and sunflower on productivity and quality slaughter calves geese. Experimental studies were conducted with 200 geese breed «Danish lehart» which formed 5 groups. Since days old, I (control) group of geese received during the research period, complete feed is made in terms of private enterprise «Orbita», II, III, IV and V (experimental) group received a complete feed with the addition of its composition of different doses of lecithin sunflower instead of a similar amount of soybean meal. Experimental young geese fed complete ration that was balanced in essential nutrients. Over the entire period of growing the highest average increase in body weight observed in geese II experimental group, which was 95.2 g, which is 9.7% higher compared with the control. Advantage geese III, IV and V of experimental groups fed 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% soy lecithin, this indicator was 0.3%, 4.8% and 7.4% compared to analog control group. A similar trend was observed in terms of the absolute increase in body weight, where the highest increase was observed in the experimental group of geese II – 5711 g, which is 9.6% higher compared with the control. Feeding soy lecithin III, IV and V of the experimental group also tended to increase in absolute growth, namely 0.3%, 4.8% and 6.4% relative and 0.5% – 0.8%. To assess meat quality of young geese for the use of sunflower lecithin and soybean aged 60 days was held control slaughter to determine slaughtered parameters. In terms of pulp output young geese II experimental group exceeded by 16.3% (P < 0.01), analogues control group, the experimental group III geese by 4.4%, geese IV experimental group 6.4% (P < 0.05) and the experimental group geese V 8.5% respectively. By weight of skin with subcutaneous fat geese dominated research groups geese control group 12.3%, 7.1%, 5.2% and 9.9% respectively. Calculation of meat and osteal index showed that in II experimental group the figure was 1.86 and was 7.5% higher than the control at 3.5%, III research group – on 2.7%, IV group – to 1.6% and 0.5% V group respectively. Analyzing the findings can assert about the appropriateness of sunflower lecithin in the composition of complete feed young geese in an amount of 0.4%. Prospects of further research is to study the effects of different amounts and sources of sunflower lecithin in feeding breeder geese breed «Danish lehart».
Adaptation ability and natural animals resistance of polissia meat breed
Authors: Boiko A. O.
Published: May 2017

It  was made the research of the adaptive ability and natural resistance of Polissia meat breed animals, the area of their content was limited by the conditions of the lowland, forested and bogged territory of the Ukrainian Polissia and Precarpathian. Materials for analysis were selected with scientific publications and works, which reflect the issue of the breeding and maintenance of Polissia meat breed animals, as well as their own research on the natural resistance of cows. As a result of the analysis of the obtained  information, it was found out that the cows of the 1st experimental group of the high-growth type, they  possess a high potential of natural resistance, a somewhat lower resistance was detected in the cows of the intermediate type (II control group) and compact type (III experimental group). From these studies it emerges that there is the advisability of a comprehensive study of the type of constitution, since this determines the level of natural resistance and light resistance of animals. Only strong animals are able to be healthy, to give a viable and full-fledged offspring, to have high productivity, to withstand constant operational loads on the body and for a long time to be rationally operated with the greatest economic efficiency.
Composition of mineral elements in the yield of one-species sows of perennial grasses and their mixtures
Authors: Vyhovsky I. V.
Published: May 2017

Currently, one of the least expensive options for renewing eroded soils is the sowing of grasses for the production of cheap quality fodder adapted with updated soil and climatic conditions. Analysis presented in the paper shows that one of the main conditions for balanced feeding of cows is to provide sufficient level of mineral elements with feeds. This guarantees not only high productivity and quality, but also effective use of meadow grass stands. On the basis of the studies carried out, it is determined that a sufficient number of mineral elements are present in the feed on the variants of the experiment, where a mixture of  Medicago sativa alfalfa crop, Lotus corniculatus lyadvenets Horned was sown. It has been established that leguminous grasses with phosphorus-potassium fertilizer positively influence some indicators of the composition of mineral elements in the forage of one-species perennial crops and their mixtures. The grass-legume mixture contained the following herbs: Medicago sativa alfalfa crop, Lotus corniculatus lyadvenets Horned, Bromus rump beardless inermis, and Lolium multiflorum with the fertilizer  N60P60K90.  The mineral content of the fertilizer provides the grass-legume mixture  with enough phosphorus (0.43%), potassium (2.70%), calcium (0.39%), magnesium (0.20%) and sodium (0.13%)
Growing heifers for breeding use concentrate «INTERMIKS-calf 30%»
Authors: Denkovich B. S. , Pivtorak Y. I. , Gordiychuk N. M.
Published: May 2017

In the present to publish material the research results are conducted at the farm «Pchany-Denkovich» Zhydachiv district, Lviv region on the use of canned colostrum and concentrate «Intermiks-calf 30%» in total conjunction with Fodder own production to feed breeding heifers to 3 months of age. Canning freezing colostrum provides long-term preservation of its chemical composition, physical properties and immunobiological values. As a result of the freezing of colostrum in the first, second and third day there was a loss of moisture, resulting in increased concentration of immunoglobulins, respectively 3.7, 7.4 and 10.5% compared to freshly milking. Changes in total fat and protein as fresh, and thawed colostrum was insignificant. Feeding newborn calves colostrum preserved by freezing provides a level of metabolic processes of maternal immunity and increase in body weight, typical of animals that eat freshly milking colostrum. It is established that the animals of the experimental group who consumed colostrum preserved and concentrate «Intermiks-calf 30%» in total conjunction with their own forage production in live weight in the months of age dominated their control counterparts treated with whole milk at 2.97% respectively – 2-months of age – on 2.84% and 3 months – on 2.85%. Heifer of the experimental group average daily increments for the first month after birth control dominated his peers at 8.25%, second and third respectively – at 2.53 and 2.93%. Advantage Animal experimental group of calves for a period of one to three months over control counterparts was 31 g or 4.7%. Feeding calves suckling period preserved by freezing colostrum in total combined concentrate «Intermiks-calf 30%» of its own forage production starting from 5 days of age, improves eating bulky feed, increased average daily increments from birth to 3 months of age on and provides 4.6% increase in live weight by 2.8% compared to heifers treated with whole milk.
Grounds for the monitoring system of the resources of the river basin agrosphere
Authors: Klymenko O. , Butsyak V. , Butsyak A.
Published: May 2017

Monitoring of the environment is an important instrument of water resources effective management, well-timed prevention of harmful pollutant influence and thorough information of the public about the state and tendencies of changes in river basin agrosphere. However, the existing system of monitoring doesn’t fully correspond to international requirements and is one of the main restraining factors of the basin management system development. It is suggested to put into the base of monitoring system of socio-economic-ecological systems river basin the unification of well-known home and international monitoring systems which are reasonable to supplement with additional data of regional character. The system of monitoring of river basin agrosphere resources has been substantiated in the article. The main tasks and structure elements of monitoring system have been defined. It is reasonable to fulfill the monitoring of river basin agrosphere state according to appropriate algorithm which forsees the realization of operation cycle, from definition of information needs to information product using. Then the principal blocks of  monitoring  system of river basin agrosphere to estimate the state of socio-economic-ecological systems are considered to be the following ones: socio-economic-ecological and geology-geomorphological, but to estimate  the state of surface waters – hydrological, climatic and bioecological. It should be mentioned that in the suggested monitoring system of river basin agrosphere state the blocks «Observation» and «Prognostication» are closely interconnected as the prognostication of agrosphere state changes is possible only when sufficient and reliable information about its actual state is available. The problem of information  product using by regional and local authorities, as well as, by basin administration is of peculiar attention in the monitoring system of river basin agrosphere state.
Biochemical processes in cows and the biological value of milk under influence of cobalt citrate
Authors: Khomyn M. , Kovalchuk I. , Kropyvka S. , Tsap M.
Published: May 2017

The aim of research was to study the effect of different amounts of cobalt citrate produced by nanotechnology on biochemical processes in cows, their productivity and biological value of milk in the first two months of lactation. To achieve this goal the subsequent problems have been solved. We investigated the effect of different amounts of cobalt citrate on biochemical parameters of blood and milk of cows and controlled their average daily yield. The experiment has been conducted in 3 groups of cows (5 cows each) of Ukrainian black and white dairy cattle, analogue by body weight (590–620 kg), performance (6,5–6,8 thousand kg of milk per past lactation) and lactation (3–4 lactation). Unlike the control cows, animals experimental (ІІ) group for two months were fed by mineral supplements in the form of cobalt citrate in an amount of 19 mg Co/kg of dry matter of diet and research (ІІІ) – cobalt citrate in an amount of 34 mg Co/kg of dry matter of diet. Duration of cobalt citrate feeding of cows of research groups was 2 months. In all groups of cows the samples of venous blood were taken in preparation for feeding additives period and during 60 day of additives feeding period in order to determine the concentration of total protein, ceruloplasmin, sialic acids, hexoses bound to proteins and activity of amino transferases. The milk production has been controlled in days of sampling with the definition of daily milk yield per cow and taking an average sample for the determination of milk fat, protein, lactose, inorganic phosphorus and calcium. It has been established that the inclusion in the diet of cows of experimental (ІІ) group of mineral supplements contributed to an increase in animal blood total protein content by 11.9% (P < 0.05), inorganic phosphorus by 15.3% (P < 0.05) and hexoses bound protein by 8.8% (P < 0.05). Under these conditions milk content of inorganic phosphorus increased by 5.6% (P < 0.05) and average daily milk production increased by 4.5%. The use of mineral additives in third experimental group of animals within two months contributed to an increase in blood ceruloplasmin content by 5.1% (P < 0.05) and hexoses bound protein by 11.5% (P < 0.01). Mineral supplements promote 5.4% raise of average daily milk production and increase it to the lactose content by 0.10% (in absolute).
Milk productivity and reproductive ability of ukrainian black-spotted dairy breed cows of different type of constitution
Authors: Shcherbatyj Z. Y. , Bodnar P. V. , Kropyvka Y. G.
Published: May 2017

The analysis was done on milk production and the reproductive ability of cows of Ukrainian Black-Spotted dairy breed cows of different types of constitution under conditions of breeding farm «Yamnytsya» Tysmenytsya district, Ivano-Frankivsk region. Determining the type of constitution of animals was carried out by mass-metric coefficient, indicator of which were differentiated from its deviation from the arithmetic mean share at 0.43 of sigma (σ), three types of constitution: tight, intermediate and loose. It is established that the milk yield and reproducible ability of cows depended on the type of constitution. For the first, second, third and better lactation the highest milk yield and the amount of milk fat were observed cows of dense type of constitution, and what prevailed animals of intermediate and loose types in 428.0–1318.2 and 11.9–49.2 kg respectively. The largest share of influence of the type constitution on yield and the amount of butterfat in the first lactation (18.51 and 18.42%) and on the fat content in milk for the second and third lactation (10.98 and 17.11%). The correlation coefficients between the type of constitution and milk yield, depending on lactation, were in the range 0.047–0.410, fat content in milk – -0.098– -0.423 and the number of milk fat – -0.032– +0.403. The highest connection between the type of constitution and milk yield milk yield and quantity of milk fat were observed in the first lactation, and in the second, the third and best lactation – between the type of constitution and fat content in milk. Lower age of first calving cows were characterized cows of dense type of constitution, which conceded intermediate and loose type. For the duration of service- and between calving period, the coefficient of reproductive capacity, calves output per 100 cows, index of heifers insemination and firstborn cows, animals of dense type constitution conceded the intermediate and loose types. High and reliable (P < 0.01–0.001) influence of constitution type had on the duration and service-and between-calving period, the coefficient of reproductive capacity, calves output per 100 cows, and index of heifers insemination – within 6.03–7.09%, and the smallest - on the duration of gestation of heifers and firstborn cows – 0.66 and 0.41% respectively. The highest positive and highly probable correlation coefficients were observed between the type of constitution of animals and the duration of their service- and between calving period (0.283 and 0.278) and negative, but probable links – between the type of constitution and coefficient of reproductive capacity (-0.271) and calves output per 100 cows (-0.269). Available communication indicates the possibility and expediency of dairy cattle breeding by mass-metric coefficient, that will promote simultaneous enhancement of their milk production at selection by external-constitutional type.
Impactos da dor crônica na vida das pessoas e a assistência de enfermagem no processo
Authors: Moura Caroline De Castro , Chaves Erika De Cassia Lopes , Souza Valéria Helena Salgado , Iunes Denise Hollanda , Ribeiro Carla Rodrigues Gama , Paraizo Camila Maria Silva , Fava Silvana Maria Coelho Leite , Dazio Eliza Maria Rezende
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre el impacto del dolor crónico en la vida de las personas y en los cuidados de enfermería en el proceso.Metodología: Ensayo reflexivo, el cual se fundamentó en una revisión teórica. El estudio se realizó entre los meses de mayo de 2015 a julio de 2016. Los datos se analizaron y luego se organizaron en los siguientes ejes temáticos: El impacto del dolor crónico sobre la calidad de vida de las personas, El dolor como quinta señal vital: la importancia de su evaluación y Cuidados de enfermería a los pacientes con dolor crónico.Resultados: El dolor impacta de varias formas en la vida de las personas y, cuando este síntoma se vuelve crónico, repercute más intensamente en la calidad de vida. Por lo tanto, se hace indispensable realizar una evaluación completa, holística y multiprofesional de la persona que padece algún dolor, de manera que el enfermero, al establecer el proceso de enfermería, desempeñe un papel fundamental en el reconocimiento y control de esta condición con la implementación de diagnósticos precisos y de intervenciones efectivas.Conclusión: El dolor crónico requiere de una atención especial por parte del enfermero para que la evaluación y el tratamiento sean lo más completos posible, con el fin de minimizar el impacto negativo del dolor sobre la vida de las personas.
Henri Lefebvre y el derecho a la ciudad. Exégesis desde sus "Tesis sobre la ciudad"
Authors: Gasca Salas Jorge
Published: May 2017

Henri Lefebvre es un pensador fundamental para el estudio de las realidades urbanas contemporáneas por dos temáticas básicas que son de actualidad tales como “el derecho a la ciudad” y la “producción del espacio”, las que no pueden dejar de ser indagadas a la par de muchas otras. Derecho a la ciudad es, a la vez, derecho a la vida urbana y derecho a los bienes de la civilización. “La ciudad, lo urbano, el urbanismo” y el pensamiento general del propio Lefebvre constituyen los temas centrales de esta investigación. Son visualizados desde un tratamiento en perspectiva de sus Tesis sobre esas dimensiones a manera de mónadas o “ventanas” que se abren, se dirigen e iluminan su obra como conjunto risomático discursivo y explicativo que aborda, de manera múltiple, la realidad compleja de nuestro tiempo.
México y la Nueva Agenda Urbana. Hoja de ruta con trazos invisibles. [in] capacidades institucionales en el estado de México
Authors: Gutierrez Chaparro Juan Jose
Published: May 2017

La Nueva Agenda Urbana establece un estándar global para el desarrollo urbano que exige repensar la forma de planificar y gestionar las ciudades. Demanda asimismo nuevas regulaciones e instancias para promover Sistemas de Ciudades sólidos que reconozcan relaciones funcionales y de dependencia entre sus distintos tipos de asentamientos, así como la necesidad de incorporar en los esquemas de Planeación Urbana un enfoque de gestión integral avanzando hacia ciudades competitivas, sostenibles y compactas.En este escenario ¿los marcos de actuación y las instituciones para el desarrollo urbano en México favorecen la implementación de la Nueva Agenda Urbana? El alcance de esta iniciativa global se encuentra condicionado y para demostrarlo, se aportan elementos para constatar que los retos son mayores que las posibilidades al menos en el ámbito de las instituciones e instrumentos para el desarrollo urbano en el estado de México.La discusión tiene como base principal la experiencia acumulada del Programa Hábitat independientemente del carácter político o ideológico de sus orientaciones porque se considera que ofrece una línea de discusión crítica y reflexiva que contrasta con las limitadas acciones de reforma institucional, instrumental y conceptual de la Planeación Urbana mexicana.
Neurologic Serious Adverse Events Associated with Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab or Nivolumab Alone in Advanced Melanoma, Including a Case Series of Encephalitis
Authors: Larkin James , Chmielowski Bartosz , Lao Christopher D. , Hodi F. Stephen , Sharfman William , Weber Jeffrey , Suijkerbuijk Karijn P. M. , Azevedo Sergio , Li Hewei , Reshef Daniel , Avila Alexandre , Reardon David A.
Published: May 2017

Background

Despite unprecedented efficacy across multiple tumor types, immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy is associated with a unique and wide spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including neurologic events ranging from mild headache to potentially life-threatening encephalitis. Here, we summarize neurologic irAEs associated with nivolumab and ipilimumab melanoma treatment, present cases of treatment-related encephalitis, and provide practical guidance on diagnosis and management.

Methods

We searched a Global Pharmacovigilance and Epidemiology database for neurologic irAEs reported over an 8-year period in patients with advanced melanoma receiving nivolumab with or without ipilimumab from 12 studies sponsored by Bristol-Myers Squibb. Serious neurologic irAEs were reviewed, and relationship to nivolumab or ipilimumab was assigned.

Results

In our search of 3,763 patients, 35 patients (0.93%) presented with 43 serious neurologic irAEs, including neuropathy (n = 22), noninfective meningitis (n = 5), encephalitis (n = 6), neuromuscular disorders (n = 3), and nonspecific adverse events (n = 7). Study drug was discontinued (n = 20), interrupted (n = 8), or unchanged (n = 7). Most neurologic irAEs resolved (26/35 patients; 75%). Overall, median time to onset was 45 days (range 1–170) and to resolution was 32 days (2–809+). Median time to onset of encephalitis was 55.5 days (range 18–297); four cases resolved and one was fatal.

Conclusion

Both oncologists and neurologists need to be aware of signs and symptoms of serious but uncommon neurologic irAEs associated with checkpoint inhibitors. Prompt diagnosis and management using an established algorithm are critical to minimize serious complications from these neurologic irAEs.
Analysis of the kinematic variation of human gait under different walking conditions using computer vision
Authors:   , Arellano-González Juan Carlos
Published: May 2017

This paper presents the analysis of human gait of three young adults under several walking conditions similar to those in real life. The aim is to evaluate how the human gait varies when different walking conditions are considered. In order to evaluate the human gait variations under different walking conditions, first a 3D computer vision system to reconstruct human gaits is developed and presented. Then, a set of kinematic gait parameters is defined in order to analyse the different gait patterns. Finally, several experiments are conducted with three normal young adults walking under different real-life conditions, such as ascending a slope walk, no arm-swing walk, carrying a front load walk, carrying a lateral load walk, fast walk and high-heel shoes walk. The results has shown that the human gait pattern vary according to the walking conditions, being the most common variation a slower walk with shorter steps than the normal walk. Since the aim of the paper is to identify and evaluate human gait variations under different walking conditions, only three subjects were considered in the study. However, in order to provide more precise and standard results the number of subjects must be increased considering different age, height, sex, weight, and health conditions of the participants. Human walking patterns are very important for medical diagnosis and orthopedics, pathological and aging evaluation, medical rehabilitation, and design of rehabilitation systems, human prosthesis and humanoid robots. However, most of the research work in the literature has been primarily focused on the analysis of gait patterns under normal walking conditions. This fact has led to a limited knowledge of the human gait patterns since real-life walking conditions are diverse, e.g. walking carrying a load. This paper presents the analysis of human gait of three young adults under walking conditions similar to those in real life. Human gait patterns vary with the walking conditions, which must be considered during the analysis, evaluation and diagnosis of gait performance, or during the design process of prostheses or rehabilitation systems.
Current Status and Future Direction of Interprofessional Education in Nursing Education
Authors: Kim Kon Hee , Hwang Eunhee , Shin Sujin
Published: May 2017

This study examined the perception and readiness of nursing educators regarding interprofessional education (IPE), and discussed the validity and application of IPE in nursing. From December 2016 to January 2017, 239 nursing professors and nurses completed a structured questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale, the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Survey (RIPLS), and an IPE action plan. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and t-test using the IBM SPSS ver. 23.0 program (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The analysis revealed that 91.6% of the participants had not experienced IPE, and only 11.7% knew about IPE. However, approximately 80.0% answered that IPE is necessary. The results of this study showed that the score of the perceived need for cooperation was higher in nurses than it was in professors, while the score on competency and autonomy was higher in professors than it was in nurses. With reference to the scores on the RIPLS, those of professors were high on the sub-scales of teamwork and collaboration, professional identity, and roles and responsibility. The results revealed that participants considered the upper-grade undergraduate years as the ideal time for imparting IPE, and it was deemed suitable to include communication, simulation, and clinical practice in IPE. Doctors, pharmacists, and physiotherapists were thought to require cooperation for IPE the most. Despite the presence of several barriers to IPE, the participants thought that IPE can achieve learning outcomes such as interprofessional communication and cooperation, conflict resolution, and teamwork. It is necessary to cooperate with professionals in the complex clinical environment as professional areas are specialized and subdivided. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the application of IPE in undergraduate education and in on-the-job training.
High-intensity Interval versus Mild-intensity Endurance Training in Rats Fed a High-fat or Control Diet v1
Authors: Shen Youqing , Guoyuan Huang not provided , Bryan P. McCormick not provided , Tao song not provided , Xiangfeng Xu not provided
Published: May 2017

The current study was to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HI) to mild-intensity endurance training (ME), combined with a high-fat diet (HFD) or control diet (CD), on metabolic phenotype and serum corticosterone levels in rats.Although exercise is linked to benefits of metabolic health, it is surprising that few studies have explored the stress responses and interaction of different exercise regimens and HFD feeding, either independently or interactively.It remains little know whether different exercise regimens lead to similar metabolic and stress responses and adaptations in the presence of an HFD.
The impact of organizational culture on patient satisfaction
Authors: Pilav Aida , Jatić Zaim
Published: May 2017

Introduction: Managing organizational culture has been increasingly viewed as a lever for health care improvement. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the type of organizational culture and patient satisfaction in the selected health care centers in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBIH).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in two municipal primary health care (PHC) centers in the FBIH, referred as Primary health care (PHC) center A and Primary health care (PHC) center B. A validated questionnaire, known as the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI), was used for the assessment of organizational culture. The questionnaire was distributed among the family health care teams at the two PHCs. Simultaneously, we carried out a survey about patient satisfaction among patients during their visits to the family health care teams.

Results: We observed the differences in the type of the organizational culture between the health care centers. The hierarchical culture was found the dominant culture in PHC center A, whereas the market culture was the dominant culture in PHC center B. Also, the statistical significance (t test) was recorded in the overall patient satisfaction in the health care center with the dominated hierarchical culture followed by the clan culture (PHC center A).

Conclusions: Considering the lack of similar surveys in Bosnia and Herzegovina, we believe that this study might be a good starting point for education of human resource managers in health care.
Spectroscopic Studies on the Interaction between Tilorone and Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Yegorova Alla , Leonenko Inna , Scrypynets Yulia , Maltsev Georgy , Antonovich Valery , Kashutskyy Sergey
Published: May 2017

Under physiological conditions, in vitro interaction between the antiviral drug 2,7-bis[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-9-fluorenone dihydrochloride (Tilorone, TIL) and human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated at excitation wavelength 280 nm and at different temperatures (298 K and 313 K) by fluorescence emission spectroscopy. TIL showed a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA through a static quenching procedure. The binding constant is estimated as KA =7.19× 104L·mol-1 at 298 K. The enthalpy change (ΔHº) and entropy change (ΔSº) were derived to be negative values. A value of 1.63 nm for the average distance r between TIL (acceptor) and tryptophan residues of HSA (donor) was derived from the fluorescence resonance energy transfer.
Генезис супружества на заключительном этапе развития человека
Authors: Гурова Елена Васильевна
Published: May 2017

В статье рассматривается специфика супружеских отношений в период геронтогенеза. Показана значимость семейных отношений в жизни пожилого человека, трансформация функций семьи пожилого человека, а также ролевой структуры.
Филогенетические основы становления мышления высших позвоночных
Authors: Хватов Иван Александрович , Соколов Алексей Юрьевич , Желанкин Роман Викторович , Харитонов Александр Николаевич
Published: May 2017

В статье обобщаются основные данные обо особенностях мышления пресмыкающихся, рассматриваемые в качестве предпосылок становления мышления теплокровных позвоночных, включая человека. Обосновывается необходимость проведения комплекса экспериментальных исследований с применением унифицированных методик и критериев оценки для исследования основных аспектов мышления.
Tuberculosis of calcaneum: a case series and review of literature
Authors: Tiwari Anurag , Bhatnagar Nishit , Karkhur Yugal , Aslam Ammar , Sharma Amit , Sabat Dhananjaya
Published: May 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to review the cases of isolated tuberculous osteomyelitis of calcaneum in terms of clinical features, radiological features, treatment and outcome.

Methods: Medical records of 9 patients (7 males and 2 females) aged 4 to 45 years (mean 21.33 years) who presented with isolated calcaneal tuberculous osteomyelitis were reviewed. Clinical features, laboratory tests result, findings of imaging modalities, and histopathological examination were noted. The location of involvement of tuberculosis and treatment offered were noted. Multifocal tuberculosis and articular involvement were excluded.

Results: All patients presented with pain and swelling around the heel; three of them presented with a discharging sinus. Patients had involvement of calcaneal body (n=5), tuberosity (n=2), and anterior process (n=2). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate of all patients was elevated. All the patients were treated conservatively with immobilization and chemotherapy.
Conclusions: Isolated calcaneal tuberculosis is rare and the prognosis with non-operative treatment is good.