bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Teknologi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Sari Yuspita , Sangkala Masnawati , Idrus Mukhammad
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara simultan maupun persial terhadap harga saham pada perusahaan teknologi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Variabel bebas pada penelitian ini adalah Return On Equity (ROE) sebagai Variabel X1 dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) sebagai Variabel X2 . Sedangkan Variabel terikat (Y) adalah Harga Saham. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan Teknologi. Yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2019-2021 sebanyak 32 Perusahaan. Sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 13 perusahaan Teknologi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) yang diambil dengan Teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Teknik dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan Uji Asumsi Klasik yang meliputi uji normalitas, uji heteroskedastisitas, Uji multikolineritas, dan uji autokorelasi, Analisis Regresi Berganda, serta Uji hipotesis yang terdiri dari Uji Parsial (Uji-t), Uji Simultan (Uji F), dan koefisien Determinasi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) berdasarkan hasil uji t,  diperoleh hasil bahwa nilai signifikan 0,066 > 0,050. Hal ini berarti bahwa bahwa Return On Equity (ROE) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Harga Saham sehingga hipotesis ditolak. (2) berdasarkan hasil uji t,  diperoleh hasil bahwa nilai signifikan 0,033 < 0,050, maka hipotesis diterima. Hal ini berarti bahwa bahwa Debt to equity ratio (DER) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Harga Saham sehingga hipotesis diterima. (3) berdasarkan hasil uji F,  diperoleh hasil bahwa nilai signifikan 0,034 < 0,050. Hal ini berarti Return On Equity (ROE)  dan Debt to equity ratio (DER) secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Harga Saham sehingga hipotesis diterima.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Akuntansi Dan Skala Usaha Terhadap Penggunaan Informasi Akuntansi Pada Pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Makassar
Authors: Senolangi Ernawati , Sangkala Masnawaty , Dunakhir Samirah
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengetahuan akuntansi secara parsial terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi pada pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM)  di kota Makassar, untuk menganalisis pengaruh skala usaha secara parsial terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi pada pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM)  di kota Makassar dan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengetahuan akuntansi dan skala usaha secara simultan terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi pada pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM)  di kota Makassar. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah Pengetahuan Akuntansi (X1), Skala Usaha (X2), dan Penggunaan Informasi Akuntansi (Y). Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu UMKM yang terdaftar di Dinas Koperasi dan UKM  Kota Makassar sebanyak 18.815 usaha sedangkan Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 100 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui metode survei dengan kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji asumsi klasik, analisis linear berganda, uji koefisien determinasi, uji t dan uji F dengan bantuan Software SPSS. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh model persamaan regresi linear berganda Y= . Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) Pengetahuan akuntansi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi dengan nilai t tabel < t hitung = 1,664 < 4,059 dengan nilai signifikan = 0,000 < 0,05. (2) Skala usaha berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi nilai t tabel < t hitung = 1,664 < 2,249 dengan nilai signifikan =  0.027 < 0,05  (3) Pengetahuan akuntansi dan skala usaha secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi nilai F tabel < F hitung = 3,09 < 16,653 dengan nilai signifikan =  0,000 < 0,05.
Perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi Rumput Laut Pada Usaha Tani Rumput Laut Di Desa Pa'jukukang Kecamatan Pa'jukukang Kabupaten Bantaeng
Authors: Izmi Suci Rabiatul , Samirah Dunakhir  , Samsinar
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan: Untuk menganalisis perhitungan harga pokok produksi rumput laut menggunakan metode full costing pada Usaha Tani Rumput Laut di Desa Pa’jukukang Kecamatan Pa’jukukang Kabupaten Bantaeng. Variabel penelitian ini adalah: perhitungan harga pokok produksi menggunakan metode full costing. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah petani rumput laut di Desa Pa’jukukang Kecamatan Pa’jukukang Kabupaten Bantaeng yang berjumlah 500 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling  dengan sampel sebanyak 25 orang berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara Observasi, Wawancara, dan Dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan kondensasi data, penyajian data, analisis data dan pemberian rekomendasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perhitungan harga pokok produksi dengan menggunakan metode full costing pada Usaha Tani Rumput Laut lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perhitungan harga pokok produksi yang dilakukan oleh para petani rumput laut menggunakan metode sederhana. Dengan jumlah produksi pada tahun 2022 sama yaitu sebesar 2.590 kg tetapi berbeda jumlah biaya produksinya. Pada perhitungan harga pokok produksi menggunakan metode yang sederhana sebesar Rp. 2.243/kg sedangkan pada metode full costing sebesar Rp. 2.741/kg sehingga selisih dari kedua perhitungan ini sebesar Rp. 498/kg. Hal ini terjadi karena perhitungan biaya pada metode sederhana belum memasukkan seluruh biaya produksi.
Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Bumn Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode Tahun 2019-2021)
Authors: Noviala Arni , Dunakhir Samirah , Samsinar
Published: October 2024

Governance terhadap Kinerja Keuangan (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan BUMN yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode Tahun 2019-2021). Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah Good Corporate Governance sebagai variabel bebas dan Kinerja Keuangan sebagai variabel terikat. Populasinya adalah entitas dari 27 perusahaan BUMN yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 10 perusahaan berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Dalam penelitian ini pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan yang diterbitkan oleh perusahaan BUMN yang menjadi sampel penelitian yang dipubilkasikan dan terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi sederhana, dan pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 24 for windows.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang telah dilakukan maka diperoleh model persamaan regresi linear sederhana Y=1.005 + 0,001X yang berarti bahwa jika jika variabel Good Corporate Governance (dewan direksi dan dewan komisaris) dianggap sama dengan nol, maka variabel kinerja keuangan (ROA) sebesar 1.005. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh good corporate governance terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan adalah sebesar 5,6%, sedangkan sisanya 94,4% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti. Sementara itu, untuk uji t diperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,008 <0,05 yang berarti bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara good corporate governance (dewan direksi dan dewan komisaris) terhadap kinerja keuangan (ROA).
Phytochemical Screening of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Beta-beta Leaves (Lunasia amara Blanco) as Anticancer and Antimicrobial Based on Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) Online
Authors: Adriani Adriani
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Beta-beta leaves (Lunasia amara Blanco) have anticancer and antibacterial activity, but the secondary metabolites involved are still not clearly known. The aim of this research is to screen secondary metabolites from beta-beta leaves that have potential anticancer and antibacterial properties using the Passonline server and determine potential compound target proteins using the Superpred online server.Method: Extraction of beta-beta leaves was carried out using the maceration method using ethyl acetate and identification of secondary metabolites using Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC HRMS). Prediction of the anticancer, antibacterial and toxicity potential of secondary metabolites of beta-beta leaves using Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) Online. Analysis of similarity to drugs using Lipinski rule of five and prediction of target proteins using the online superpred server.Results: There are 10 secondary metabolites each which have anticancer and antibacterial bioactivity. The compounds methyl cinnamate and 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid are similar to drugs based on Lipisnki rule of five analysis and are non-toxic based on online PASS analysis. There are 3 target proteins for methyl cinnamate which are involved in anticancer and antibacterial activity, namely NFκβ P105, ADAM10 and Catephsin D.Conclusion: Ethyl acetate extract from beta-beta leaves contains secondary metabolites as anticancer and antibacterial based on Passonline server analysis. Methyl cinnamate is a potential secondary metabolite candidate as an anticancer and antibacterial with 3 target proteins, namely NFκβ P105, ADAM10 and Catephsin D.   Key words: Anticancer, antibacterial, beta-beta, Lunasia amara, passonline, prediction
The Movement of Socio-Economic System Towards Noonomy: Knowledge Transformation Aspect
Authors:   Kursk Branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Vertakova Y.V. , Plotnikov V.A. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics
Published: October 2024

One of the possible highly probable trajectories for the development of a modern socio-economic system lies in the emergence of a new industrial society of the second generation with a shift towards noonomy, a rationally and intelligently organized socioeconomic system for the future. One of the features of the trajectory of such a transition is a steady increase in the knowledge intensity of human activity, while the results of this activity (produced and consumed goods and services) become more knowledge-intensive. Therefore, knowledge transformation is necessary. In this study the author examines the role of modern universities for its implementation; it is shown that under the influence of the challenges posed by the socio-economic environment, universities must be transformed and further establish “entrepreneurial universities”. The paper identifies the prerequisites for such a transformation, its directions and possible consequences.
A Novel Fuzzy Best-Worst Multicriteria Decision-Making Method Based on the Dual Interval Algorithm for Environmental Decision Support Systems
Authors:   College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian 361024, China, Cheng Y. , Jin L. ,   College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian 361024, China, Fu H. Y. ,   Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology (XMUT), Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian 361024, China, Fan Y. R. ,   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK, Bai R. L. , Wei Y. ,   College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian 361024, China
Published: October 2024

Considering the double uncertainty caused by the ambiguity of statistical data and the ambiguity produced by the subjective assessment of decision makers, the crisp values of criteria may be insufficient to model the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem in the real world. This paper proposes a fuzzy best-worst method (FBWM) based on a dual-interval solution algorithm to extend the best-worst method (the most recent MCDM method) to fuzzy environments. The reference comparisons for the best criteria and for the worst criteria are represented by fuzzy numbers. Then, according to the BWM method, a nonlinear constrained optimization problem with fuzzy parameters is formulated. We decompose the membership function in fuzzy numbers into several interval numbers of special form and solve the aforementioned fuzzy BWM problem by compound interval algorithm to obtain fuzzy weights of different criteria. Meanwhile, an integral type-reduced method is proposed for determining the fuzzy consistency ratio in order to assess the reliability of the FBWM results. The viability of the new algorithm to expand the BWM method into fuzzy environments has been validated through three numerical examples. In contrast to the existing FBWM method, the proposed method avoids the arithmetic operation between fuzzy numbers during the solution process, directly transfers the uncertain information in the membership function corresponding to the fuzzy comparison vector to the result, and generates fuzzy weight value, which indicates that the proposed algorithm is able to obtain accurate BWM results in fuzzy environments. The results of the study provide new solution ideas for multi-criteria optimization problems under uncertainty.
Estimation of Water Surface Reflectance and Total Suspended Solid Using MODIS Images for a Reservoir in the Brazilian Semiarid Region
Authors:   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Brazil, Rocha V. N. L. , Santos C. A. G. ,   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Brazil, Silva R. M. ,   Department of Geosciences, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Brazil
Published: October 2024

Reservoirs are essential sources to ensure water supply, especially in regions with a semiarid climate, prone to prolonged drought periods and water scarcity. An exemplary case is the semiarid region of Paraíba State, Brazil. Monitoring of water surface reflectance (WSR) and total suspended solids (TSS) is indispensable to address issues such as erosion, sediment transport, depo sition, reservoir siltation, water pollution, and associated human health risks, ultimately aiding in water resources management. This study introduced a novel approach to estimating the spatiotemporal dynamics of WSR and TSS, utilizing automated methods and MODIS images over 17 years (2000 ~ 2016) for the Epitácio Pessoa Reservoir. Three models, (a) model 1 (M1), (b) model 2 (M2), and (c) model 3 (M3), were employed to estimate WSR and TSS, chosen for their replicability, mathematical simplicity, and ecosystem similarity. A total of 775 images from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the Terra satellite, along with observed data, were used for the estimation. Model M3 yielded the best performance for estimating TSS, with values ranging from 270 ~ 961 mg/L (r = 0.57). Furthermore, a strong correlation (r > 0.93) was observed between the mean reflectance values for pixels sampled using two distinct extraction procedures (longitudinal profile and specific sampling points). This strong correlation underscores the potential utility of MODIS images for effective monitoring of WSR and TSS in comparatively smaller bodies of water in the Brazilian semiarid region. Importantly, this study represents one of the first applications for estimating WSR and TSS for a reservoir situated in a semiarid climate region. The estimates of WSR and TSS could hold significant implications for environmental monitoring and water management of such reservoirs. In conclusion, automated estimation of WSR and TSS could serve as a valuable tool for decision-makers in predicting silting, sediment yield, and reservoir water quality.
Photosynthesis v/s Photorespiration (energy outputs, metabolite production and carbon flux)
Authors: M. J. Ramathibe,
Published: October 2024

Sunlight is an important source of energy required for the survival and sustainability of biodiversity. However, most living organisms cannot directly consume solar energy. As a result, autotrophs use carbon dioxide and water to convert solar energy to chemical energy through photosynthesis. This study aims to explore the relationship between photosynthesis and photorespiration in determining sugar (glucose) production levels. The relationship was investigated through the comparison of their energy outputs, metabolite production and carbon flux. When photosynthesis levels were high, the total sugar (glucose) production increased, while using less energy. On the other hand, when photorespiration levels were high, the total sugar (glucose) production decreased, while using more energy. Therefore, photosynthesis is an essential process which maintains the biosphere, whereas, photorespiration is a wasteful process which decreases the efficiency of photosynthesis.
A contemporary view of the history of Landscape art and artists in relation to climate change
Authors: Rebecca Webster,
Published: October 2024

Climate change has in the past and remains today a major factor of the natural world that is being fast tracked by human exploitation. Through the critical analysis of landscape and land art and artists from the lens of both South African Land artist Strijdom van der Merwe and current opinion regarding the ecological impacts of climate change, we are able to view historical land/landscape art in a different, more environmentally considerate light. The environmental exploitation our world faces does not end in its physical exploitation, instead, it includes Humankind’s capacity to dominate the visual and representational aspects of environmental perception.
Software engineering project
Authors: S. G. Hassett, , T. M. Mochaki, , R. G. Phuthi,
Published: October 2024

This document outlines the deliverables for the Requirements, Analysis and Design workflows of the Unified Process for the UFS COVID-19 Screening System. The UFS COVID-19 Screening System serves to automate the process of screening campus staff, student and visitors for COVID-19 symptoms before accessing the campus.
The effects of ambient light and temperature on moth behaviour in different South African locations
Authors: Retshedisitswe Mollo,
Published: October 2024

Insects, the smallest, most diverse animals in the world can be great biological indicators. Moths are one of the very few that need to be conserved in order to inform us about the environment. This study investigates how moths are affected by ambient light and temperature in three locations in South Africa. The data was collected by observing the number of moths that were present at a light source, in this case a street light, at 3 hourly intervals for several days in April and May. The data was analysed using an ANOVA test and Pearson’s correlation test, to test for the relationship between these variables and moth behaviour. There were two hypotheses. The first stated that if there was a relation between moth activity and temperature, then there would be more moths in warmer temperatures. While the second stated that if there was a relationship between moth activity and ambient light then areas with light pollution would show higher moth numbers. However the report concluded both hypotheses to be incorrect. There was no significant difference, nor a correlation between moth numbers and the variables. The implications of the study suggest that moth conservation in South Africa is something that needs to be given more attention. The people should be more aware of their impact on wildlife species by conserving them.
Temperature and light effect on moth activity/numbers
Authors: Ntsibiseng Seeqela,
Published: October 2024

In this article, we are investigating the effects of temperature and light on moth activity or numbers. If the moths like warmer temperatures, then there will be more moths in warmer temperatures than in colder temperatures. If moths like high light pollution than low light pollution, then there will be more numbers of moths in urban areas where there is a high light pollution. There is scientific proof that moths are mostly active in warmer temperatures and in medium light pollution. The study was conducted at the sites where we are currently, at home, in different provinces which are Free State, Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal. We observed the number of moths that came to light in different temperatures and under different levels of light pollution in 3 time intervals. In this case, the results show that the hypotheses we were testing were not supported; meaning neither temperature nor light pollution affects the number of moths. This implies that we should find out more about what affects the activity/numbers of moths.
Increased cell wall activity on Tugela Dn1 wheat cultivar infested with Russian wheat aphid biotype 2
Authors: Dembe Ramovha,
Published: October 2024

Wheat plays a major role in food production and security. Infestation of wheat by Russian wheat aphid affects food security as it causes chlorosis on cereal crops. Since plants are sessile, they have developed a range of defense mechanisms against attackers. When aphids feed on the plant nutrients through the stylet they release salivary secretions containing cell-wall modification enzymes that degrade the cell wall. There are enzymes that act on the plant cell wall. These enzymes target the cellulose component of the cell wall. When studying the enzyme activity, increased activity was found on plants that were infested by aphids as compared to the control plants. During cell wall remodeling the esterase activity also increased due to the fact that the ester bond between phenolic acids and hemicellulose is cleaved.
The resistance levels displayed by Haemonchus contortus towards different anthelmintic groups, tested in Dohne merino lambs on a central Free State farm
Authors: der Merwe, C. Van
Published: October 2024

This paper reveals the efficacy of five anthelmintic products containing different active ingredients used to treat Haemonchus contortus infestation in 25 Dohne merino lambs in total divided into 5 groups. Faecal worm egg count test (FEC) data was used to determine the percentage efficiency of each anthelmintic. The efficacy of each anthelmintic product result from the level of resistance displayed by the H. contortus population on the Paradys experimental farm against the product, meaning the higher the level of resistance the lower the efficacy of the anthelmintic. Startect (derquantel + abamectin) proved to be the most effective with an efficacy of 99.35 % followed by Uni-Dose (trichlorfon) with an efficacy of 89.23 %. Ivomec (ivermectin) resulted in showing the highest level resistance and a negative efficacy of -131.83 % followed by Tramisol (levamizole) having an efficacy of 3.56 %. Prodose Orange (closantel + albendazole) had an efficacy of 30.94 %.
Possible editorial responses to the proliferation of problematic meta-analyses and research syntheses
Authors: Baveye Philippe C.
Published: October 2024

Journal and book editors in most disciplines are faced with a flood of meta-analyses, which critical reviews have shown are not always of sufficient quality. In the short run, editors could give targeted instructions to authors and make specific recommendations to reviewers to ensure that not only meta-analyses but also research syntheses more broadly, published under their watch, meet acceptable publication standards. In order to achieve satisfactory improvements in the long run, editors should foster fundamental changes in the way the publication of negative and non-significant results is handled.
Three new species of the genus Rhogadopsis Brèthes (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae) from South Korea
Authors: Han Yunjong , van Achterberg Cornelis , Kim Hyojoong
Published: October 2024

Three new species of Rhogadopsis Brèthes, 1913 (R. clausulatasp. nov., R. obliqoidessp. nov. and R. setosipunctatasp. nov.) are described and illustrated. Rhogadopsis unicarinata (Fischer, 1959) is a new combination and a new synonym of R. mediocarinata (Fischer, 1963), syn. nov. An identification key to the species of Rhogadopsis known from South Korea is provided.
Undergraduate Senior Nursing Students' Perceptions of Beneficial Prebriefing Practices
Authors: Lebo Chelsea R.
Published: October 2024

Background

Examining nursing students' perceptions of prebriefing and what components are most effective in preparation for simulation may help standardize prebriefing and enhance learning experiences.

Method

This qualitative descriptive study explored the perceptions of prebriefing, prework assignments, and what methods of prebriefing increased self-confidence when undergraduate nursing students participated in simulation. An inductive approach to content analysis was used to interpret the data.

Results

Two themes that emerged from the data were preparation is essential to simulation success and preparation is essential to future success. Additionally, five subthemes were identified: understanding content in advance, logistical clarity, well-prepared students are invested, increased self-confidence, and pride in education and learning.

Conclusion

Prebriefing is essential to simulation and undergraduate nursing student success. Although prebriefing practices vary between educators, undergraduate nursing students valued prework and expressed a preference for written assignments. Overall, students perceived prework as increasing their self-confidence during simulation.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(10):693–697.]
Inquiring Students’ Alternative Conceptions about Floating and Sinking Objects
Authors: Bessas Nikos , Tzanaki Eleni , Vavougios Denis , Plagianakos Vassilis P.
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the misconceptions of Greek junior high school students regarding the floating and sinking of a body through the concept of density. Density is included in most international curricula for this age group and is revisited in Greek junior high schools after being introduced in primary school. After interviews with teachers who teach the physics course, in order to discover the students’ way of thinking and their common misconceptions, the researchers of this study created targeted questionnaires for students aged 11–12 years old. During the 2022–23 school year, the questionnaires were handed out to 47 first-grade students at a junior high school in Athens, Greece. Before being administered to the students, the questionnaires were subjected to a content validity test by five physics experts according to Aiken’s V index. Then, they were completed by the students before the lesson was taught. After the students had completed the initial questionnaire, a teaching proposal focused on the density-based approach was presented to them. Subsequently, the students filled out the same questionnaire again following the instructional session. Statistical analysis demonstrated a notable enhancement in the comprehension of the misconceptions addressed in this study, with the rates of improvement varying between 18.08% and 52.13%. Consequently, the instructional proposal proved to be instrumental in advancing students’ conceptual understanding of floating and sinking within the framework of density interpretation.
District Heating System: Interactive Website Project for Weilheim, Germany
Authors: Feigl Anita , Utesch Matthias
Published: October 2024

District heating systems play a crucial role in the European Union for sustainable energy practices by contributing to reducing carbon emissions and thus counteracting climate change. In most European countries, the energy consumption for heating is a topic that needs to be considered. Germany has recognized the need for more awareness among its citizens about district heating systems. Therefore, an interactive website was developed in close cooperation with the city of Weilheim in Bavaria, Germany. The goal is to inform citizens about the district heating system under construction. The website aims to improve user engagement through interactive features, including a quiz, an interactive calculator, and various animations and images. The application focuses on the primary energy sources biomethane, solar energy, wood chips, and the use of environmental heat through heat pumps. The website was evaluated at a local secondary school, which yielded positive feedback.
A Comparative Study on the Evaluation of ChatGPT and BERT in the Development of Text Classification Systems
Authors: M. Saranya , B. Amutha
Published: October 2024

A lot of progress has been made in Natural Language Processing (NLP) recently. With the release of powerful new models like BERT and GPT-4, it is now feasible to build high-level applications that could understand and interact with languages. Text classification is one of the ground-level operations of NLP. There are a plethora of uses for this field, such as sentiment analysis and creating chatbots to respond to user inquiries. In Natural Language Processing (NLP), transformer-based models have recently become the de facto norm due to their outstanding performance on various benchmarks. Using a battery of categorical text classification tasks, this study probes the architecture and behavior of the GPT-4 and BERT language models in different contexts. Examining the GPT-4 and BERT language models in different contexts, this study tests them on various categorical concerns to learn about their architecture and performance.
Convergence of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Based Applications in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry
Authors: Singh Amrik
Published: October 2024

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) offers important opportunities for the hospitality and tourism (HT) industry in the context of operations, design, marketing, destination management, human resources, revenue management, accounting and finance, strategic management, and beyond. However, implementing GAI in HT contexts comes with ethical, legal, social, and economic considerations that require careful reflection by HT firms. The hospitality and tourism sector has witnessed phenomenal growth in customer numbers during the post-pandemic times. This growth has been accompanied by the use of technologies in customer interface and backend activities, including the adoption of self-serving technologies. This study highlights the potential challenges of implementing such technologies from the perspectives of companies, customers and regulators. This study aims to analyze the existing practices and challenges and establish a research agenda for implementing generative artificial intelligence (AI) and similar tools in the hospitality and tourism industry.
Integrating Generative AI-Driven Learning Programs to Enhance Marketing Skills
Authors: Mishra Shefali , Afaq Anam , Mishra Tapas Kumar , Mathur Nidhi
Published: October 2024

In today's era of advancements in autonomous learning solutions, based on generative AI technologies like marquess may also help revolutionize and infuse cutting-edge marketing skills at scale. In this chapter, we look at the tremendous opportunities that generative AI poses for personalized learning experiences, which are adaptive and interactive - encouraging creative thinking, and strategic reasoning among marketing professionals. By leveraging sophisticated AI solutions, educators can offer personalized content that caters to each student's unique learning preferences. Generative AI applications in marketing education, and the possible benefits and challenges regarding these issues are outlined. The implications and future directions of integrating generative AI within marketing curricula are then examined through case studies and empirical research. These results suggest that AI-powered learning platforms may impact not only in improving educational outcomes but also in preparing marketing professionals to deal with the ever-evolving requirements of modern marketers.
Generative AI's Impact on the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Afaq Anam , Chaudhary Meenu , Gaur Loveleen , Kumar Rajender
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the ethical use of generative AI in the hospitality industry, with a focus on preserving customer privacy and ensuring responsible use of technology. This can be accomplished by giving people the chance to create transparent data governance, privacy-preserving methods, and the urgent need for algorithmic auditing to reduce bias. This chapter provides organisational preparedness insights for a seamless transition to AI in the hotel sector. The chapter also discusses the factors that influence the effective application of such technology and the necessity of upskilling personnel in order to maximise the potential of technological advancements. It also examines the applications of generative AI in the hospitality sector, including frameworks for AI-driven ROI assessments for business impacts and creativity, product creation, and strategic decision-making. This chapter aims to equip hospitality leaders with the tools to properly integrate intelligent solutions by advocating for human-centred design principles and encouraging cross-functional collaboration.
Monitoring and preventing foodborne outbreaks: are we missing wastewater as a key data source?
Authors: Troja Fulvia , Indio Valentina , Savini Federica , Seguino Alessandro , Serraino Andrea , Fuschi Alessandro , Remondini Daniel , De Cesare Alessandra
Published: October 2024

In 2022, the number of foodborne outbreaks in Europe increased by 43.9%, highlighting the need to improve surveillance systems and design outbreak predictive tools. This review aims to assess the scientific literature describing wastewater surveillance to monitor foodborne pathogens in association with clinical data. In the selected studies, the relationship between peaks of pathogen concentration in wastewater and reported clinical cases is described. Moreover, details on analytical methods to detect and quantify pathogens as well as wastewater sampling procedures are discussed. Few papers show a statistically significant correlation between high concentrations of foodborne pathogens in wastewater and the occurrence of clinical cases. However, monitoring pathogen concentration in wastewater looks like a promising and cost-effective strategy to improve foodborne outbreak surveillance. Such a strategy can be articulated in three steps, where the first one is testing wastewater with an untargeted method, like shotgun metagenomic, to detect microorganisms belonging to different domains. The second consists of testing wastewater with a targeted method, such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction, to quantify those specific pathogens that in the metagenomic dataset display an increasing trend or exceed baseline concentration thresholds. The third involves the integrated wastewater and clinical data analysis and modeling to find meaningful epidemiological correlations and make predictions.
Comparative analysis of the microbiome composition of artisanal cheeses produced in the Mediterranean area
Authors: Indio Valentina , Gonzales-Barron Ursula , Oliveri Chiara , Lucchi Alex , Valero Antonio , Achemchem Fouad , Manfreda Gerardo , Savini Federica , Serraino Andrea , De Cesare Alessandra
Published: October 2024

In the PRIMA project ArtiSaneFood, the microbiological parameters of several artisanal cheeses produced in the Mediterranean area have been quantified. In this pilot study, we selected four of these artisanal cheese products from Italy, Portugal, Spain, and Morocco to investigate and compare their microbiomes in terms of taxonomy composition, presence of reads of foodborne pathogens, as well as virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. Lactococcus, Streptococcus and Lactobacillus were the most represented genera in the Portuguese and Spanish cheeses, Streptococcus in the Italian cheese, and Enterococcus, Klebsiella, Escherichia, and Citrobacter in the Moroccan products. The correlation analysis indicated a negative association between the abundance of some lactic acid bacteria (i.e., Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, and Leuconostoc) and foodborne pathogenic genera, like Escherichia and Salmonella. The analysis of pathogen abundance, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance genes showed a strong clusterization based on the cheese type, confirming that the presence of potential human health risk determinants was higher in the artisanal products derived from unpasteurized milk that underwent spontaneous fermentation.
Experiences of nurses studying towards post-basic qualifications during COVID-19 in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Sokhela Dudu G. , Nokes Kathleen , Orton Penelope M.
Published: October 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused abrupt closure of schools including higher education institutions. The transition from in-person to virtual teaching platforms caused challenges for frontline nurses in post-basic programmes. Nurses were forced to divide their efforts between responding to the pandemic and their studies.Aim: The study aims to describe the experiences of nurses studying post-basic qualifications during COVID-19 in KwaZulu-Natal.Setting: The setting comprised virtual platforms such as closed social media groups (nursing colleagues and South African Society of Occupational Health Nurses Facebook) and Microsoft Teams or WhatsApp calls.Methods: A qualitative descriptive design using individual virtual interviews with eight nurses working in healthcare settings while studying post-basic qualifications. The framework was Fullan’s Change Theory in educational settings. Data were analysed using applied thematic analysis.Results: Four themes were identified; transitioning from in-person to online teaching and learning, challenges in clinical placements, support to achieve educational goals, and unique aspects of studying and caring for infected patients and 10 sub-themes emerged.Conclusion: Participants found benefits of online learning despite challenges with the Internet network. There was a shortage of mentors, and personal protective equipment in clinical settings; however, participants were cognisant of the duty to care for infected patients notwithstanding personal risk of infection.Contribution: Nurses were at the frontline of the pandemic yet facing challenges in clinical facilities and their studies. The study could contribute to understanding participants’ experiences, which might help with response planning in future pandemics.
Ideal Clinic Realisation and Maintenance programme implementation in rural KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Mhlungu Donald T. , Boersema Geertien C. , Ramukumba Mokholelana M.
Published: October 2024

Background: The delivery of quality primary healthcare (PHC) services is vital for enhancing the health status of rural communities, yet persistent barriers exist in resource-constrained rural settings.Aim: The study explored perspectives on the barriers to and facilitators of implementing the Ideal Clinic Realisation and Maintenance (ICRM) programme as a quality assurance initiative in a rural KwaZulu-Natal subdistrict.Setting: Professional nurses and healthcare managers from seven PHC clinics in a rural subdistrict of KwaZulu-Natal and supervising managers from a district hospital participated in this study.Methods: Telephonic semi-structured interviews were conducted using a qualitative case study approach with the purposively selected sample. Data were inductively and thematically analysed.Results: Themes included ICRM programme organisation, barriers and facilitators for implementing the ICRM programme. Barriers in rural PHC settings included overburdened clinics, suboptimal infrastructure, staff burnout, poor communication and non-adherence to clinical guidelines. Despite obstacles, programme implementation was facilitated through stakeholder support and teamwork. Participants emphasised the need for infrastructure upgrades, more human and physical resources, and maintenance of stakeholder support.Conclusion: If challenges are mitigated and supportive factors are leveraged, the potential for successful programme implementation and improved healthcare delivery can benefit both healthcare providers and recipients.Contribution: Through providing insight into the perspectives of both implementers and supervisors, the study informs stakeholders and policymakers about difficulties encountered and potential improvements to be made in the implementation of the ICRM programme in rural PHC.
The Impacts of Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise Therapy in Patients Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Systematic Review
Authors: Amanda Rana Zhafira , Adwiarto Sarah Khairunnisa , Purwowiyoto Sidhi Laksono
Published: October 2024

Background:

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a vital evidence-based intervention for improving quality of life and reducing adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), addressing persistent risks such as high mortality and recurrent angina despite advancements in PCI.

Objective:

This study focused on establishing the impact of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) exercise therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with multiple vital outcomes.

Methods:

A comprehensive search was performed across databases, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, PMC, and Cochrane, with a restriction to the English-language articles. The focus was on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of CR exercise therapy in patients who underwent PCI – comparing the group that participated in CR exercise therapy with those that received routine care. Key outcomes evaluated included laboratory values, left ventricular ejection fraction, 6-min walk test, quality of life (QoL), cardiopulmonary function, exercise capacity, and cardiovascular events. The Cochrane RoB 2 was utilized to evaluate the quality of the study. Outcomes were synthesized qualitatively to summarize the effects of CR on the estimated parameters.

Results:

This review included 12 RCTs from several countries involving 1215 patients – 605 in control groups and 610 in intervention groups. Nine studies categorized some concerns in the overall assessment, and three RCTs were classified as low risk of bias. Results showed that patients with CR intervention effectively experience positive impacts across all key outcomes.

Conclusion:

CR benefits coronary artery disease patients post-PCI by managing cardiovascular risk factors, improving heart function, reducing cardiovascular events, and enhancing QoL.
The Role of Psychological Flexibility in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bijulakshmi P. , Kumar V. Veera Balaji
Published: October 2024

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent among psychiatric disorders, and adequate knowledge about the development and treatment of anxiety disorders is essential. Psychological flexibility (PF) is the dynamic process wherein an individual can adapt to situational demands while handling stressful situations and has been postulated to be related to the development of anxiety disorders. This systematic review analyzed the concept of PF in relation to the development and treatment of anxiety disorders. The keywords “psychological flexibility in the treatment of anxiety disorders” were used to search the databases PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles from 2012 to 2022 were included. Results were categorized into two groups, Group 1 consisted of articles that studied the relationship of PF to anxiety disorders in a clinical perspective and Group 2 consisted of articles that explained the role of PF in anxiety in a theoretical perspective. Group 1 consisted of 53 articles that included studies on the role of PF in anxiety disorders; out of which 31 were randomized clinical trials on the efficacy of increasing PF in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Group 2 consisted of 39 articles that explained the role of PF in the formation of anxiety and in maintaining mental health. Research findings have shown that PF is a process wherein individuals can learn to navigate negative emotions and strive to achieve valued goals in the face of adversities by regulating behavioral patterns. Thus, PF plays an important role in psychological well-being and hence has a therapeutic role in the treatment of anxiety disorders.
Value of implementing a care bundle approach to improve outcome of pediatric ventilator − associated events (PedVAE) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU)
Authors: Mahmoud Nagwa Mohamed Sabry , Hammad Ahmed Roshdy Mahmoud , Okaily Nagwa Ismail , Afify Mohamed Farouk
Published: October 2024

Background

Pediatric ventilator-associated events (PedVAEs) refer to a persistent deterioration in oxygenation following a period of stability, and these are valuable for monitoring and detecting issues arising from mechanical ventilation in children. However, the effectiveness of measures to reduce PedVAEs rates is still being determined.

Objectives

We aimed to evaluate the incidence of PedVAEs before and after implementation of a ventilator care bundle (VCB) in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Methods

We conducted a single-centre prospective comparative analysis on 323 mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the PICU from January 2022 to June 2023 (after the implementation of the VCB). From these patients, we selected those who met the CDC protocol diagnosis for PedVAEs (Group II). Prior to the implementation of the VCB, we retrospectively analysed the records of 108 patients from January 2021 to December 2021. We noted the complete blood count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, arterial blood gases, and endotracheal aspirate cultures of the patients.

Results

There was a significant decrease in the length of stay following a bundle implementation (P value < 0.05), with a mean of 10.9 (4.9) days before bundle and 8 (2.7) days after bundle. Following the bundle implementation, group II had 24% lower PedVAEs than group I (33%). In group II, mechanical ventilation complications were 25%, compared to 49% in group I.

Conclusion

Ventilator-associated event (VAE) is a consequence of mechanical ventilation that greatly lengthens the duration of stay in the PICU and increases the risk of mortality. The introduction of a bundle was found to be successful in reducing the rate of VAEs in patients in PICU.
Complicated small-bowel diverticulosis and the role of Acute Care for the Elderly Unit
Authors: AlHarkan Khalid S.
Published: October 2024

Small-bowel diverticulosis is a rare condition that occurs in older adults. Patients are usually asymptomatic, and some will develop complications such as gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, intestinal obstruction, diverticulitis, and perforation. This is the case of a 95-year-old male patient with a previous history of heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction of 55%–60% and aortic stenosis since October 2019, atrial fibrillation managed with a permanent pacemaker, oral anticoagulation treatment (which was discontinued due to GI bleeding), hypertension, hypothyroidism, and chronic kidney disease. The patient presented with melena and was diagnosed with upper GI bleeding. The GI, general surgery, interventional radiology, geriatric, and palliative care teams were involved in his care. The patient received multiple blood transfusions, and upper and lower GI endoscopic and interventional radiological procedures were performed. However, owing to the patient’s functional status and age, surgery was not an option. The patient was referred to a palliative care team.