bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Al-Anashir Al-Dakhiliyah Fi Qishash Musa wa Yusuf Alaihis Salam Fi Al-Qur’an al-Karim: Dirasah Muqaranah
Authors: Izzah Nuril Aiddatul
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to find the intrinsic elements and the comparison of the intrinsic elements between  story of the prophet Musa a.s and the prophet Yusuf a.s in surah al-qosos and surah yusuf in the Qur’an.Both have almost the same life journey. The story of prophet Musa a.s is recorded in various surahs and the story of prophet yusuf a.s is recorded in only one surah. This research examines the story of prophet Musa a.s in surah al-qosos verses 1-70 and the story of prophet Yusuf a.s in surah yusuf verses 1-111. This study used a qualitative descriptive method using data in the form of dialogue texts and monologues in the surah al-qosos and surah yusuf which showed the intrinsic elements and the comparison of the intrinsic elements. Intrinsic elements and comparison of the intrinsic elements studied include characterization,plot,setting,theme and language style. The result of this study are the intrinsic elements of the story prophet Musa a.s and Yusuf a.s and the comparison of the intrinsic element of the two stories.
Dirasah Sikulujiyah Adabiyah Sigmund Freud Fi Syakhshiyah “Samiyah” Fi Masrahiyah Qitath wa Firan Li Ali Ahmad Bakatsir
Authors: Romadhoni M
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the form and causes of the characterization of the character "Samiyah" in the drama "Kucing and Tikus". Using descriptive qualitative methods through a literary psychology approach, this study consider the data in the form of words in the conversational quotes from the drama "Kucing and Tikus". The results of the Freudian personality-psychoanalysis theory show that samiyah is more dominant in the ego which is her natural character from id such as emotional, materialism, riya and ambitious. Superego has regulated or controled attitude and behavior, namely hardworking, obedient, fair, and not easily get provoked.
PORTRAIT OF NATIONALISM VALUES IN LE BEIRUT POETRY BY JOSEPH HARB BASED ON NORMAN FAIRCLOUGH’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Siregar Saputra Husein , Erwhintiana Ifi
Published: February 2021

political polemic and crisis in Beirut has been marked by various actions. The emergence of public aspirations led to tragedy. The occurring of bomb incident as a result of building burning that contained 2,750 tons of Ammonium Nitrate. It can be concrete evidence that freedom in Beirut is at stake. This tragedy caused 100 victims were died and thousands people were injured. This phenomenon made many society from aroun the world contribute to express Beirut’s freedom including Josep Harb through his poetry entitle “li Beirut”. This study aims to describe nationalism form in li Beirut poetry based on Norman Fairclough’s theory, and show its impact on natinalism’s reader as literary connoisseurs. This study is a qualitative descriptive that came from li Beirut poetry by Joseph Harb and supported by related literatures. Data collection are coming from reading and taking notes techniques. Analysis techniques are based on Miles and Huberman model that contained data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that portrait of nationalism in li Beirut poetry are expressions of love and praising for Beirut, also compassions and hopes for Beirut. The impact that has an effect on readers' nationalism is an attitude of prioritizing unity and brotherhood, as well as an optimistic attitude to improve the nation.
Audio - Article Summaries Volume 10, Issue 2 (English)
Authors: Burkholder Gary J , Krauskopf Erwin
Published: February 2021

As an added service to those visiting the journal, the HLRC provides in English and Spanish a brief audio summary of the articles published in the issue. This is the English version.
144.000 Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA GRAN MULTITUD A LA LUZ DE LOS ESCRITOS DE ELENA G. DE WHITE
Authors: Cortes Maicol Alejandro
Published: February 2021

En este estudio se analizarán elementos de los capítulos 7 y 14 del libro de Apocalipsis, lugar en donde Juan describe a los 144.000 y la gran multitud. El previo análisis se hará con la finalidad de presentar la relación que existe entre los 144.000 y la gran multitud, para responder a la interrogante sobre la simbología o literalidad del primer grupo. Además, se examinarán algunos textos de Elena de White para ver si la descripción de los detalles que ella narra coincide con las conclusiones presentadas en este análisis. Aunque este estudio considera ciertas características de la gran multitud, se centrará en los 144.000.
CASTIGO Y LA DESTRUCCIÓN DE LOS IMPÍOS EN ELENA G. DE WHITE
Authors: Varela Christian Alejandro
Published: February 2021

En los últimos años, diversos enfoques han cuestionado y argumentado contra la enseñanza tradicional del castigo y sufrimiento consciente sin fin luego de la muerte. Frente a estas controversias, cabe preguntarse en el contexto de la escatología aniquilacionista sostenida por la Iglesia Adventista del Séptimo Día cuáles fueron los principios sostenidos por su pionera Elena G. de White sobre el destino final de los impíos. El propósito de la investigación es describir, sistematizar y establecer las creencias sostenidas por ella sobre el castigo y destrucción final de los impíos. El estudio presentará brevemente la comprensión de estos temas en el movimiento millerita, los adventistas del Albany y escritores prominentes en los inicios de la Iglesia Adventista. En este contexto, se hará mención del cambio del pensamiento tradicional de Elena G. de White al condicionalista durante su experiencia religiosa temprana. Luego, se analizará su interpretación sobre el castigo y destrucción de los pecadores en El conflicto de los siglos y otras publicaciones.
USO DE CITAÇÕES, ALUSÕES E ECOS DO ANTIGO TESTAMENTO NA EPÍSTOLA DE PAULO AOS ROMANOS
Authors: Gonzaga Waldecir , Ramos Diego da Silva , Silva Ygor Almeida de Carvalho
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo objetiva analisar o uso de citações, alusões e ecos do Antigo Testamento na epístola de Paulo aos Romanos. Utilizam-se os critérios apontados por Richard Hays e G. K. Beale em suas obras. O estudo faz uma introdução acerca do uso do AT no NT, no epistolário paulino e, mais especificamente, em Romanos, apresentando um quadro contendo os textos onde Paulo faz uso do AT nesta epístola. As conclusões da pesquisa apontam que Paulo não fazia uso do AT de modo aleatório, mas proposital, a partir de um pensamento comum ao judaísmo do primeiro século. A pesquisa evidencia, ainda, a prevalência do uso da Septuaginta (LXX) em detrimento do Texto Hebraico (TH) e que, mesmo nos textos onde se faz referência direta ao TH, é possível relacioná-lo à LXX, configurando, desse modo, o uso corrente e prioritário desta versão das Escrituras em Romanos, o que também ocorre em outras cartas paulinas e livros do NT. O objetivo principal deste estudo é entender como e porque Paulo usou tão exaustivamente as Escrituras de Israel nesta que foi a maior de suas cartas.
A critical Discussion of Complexity Theory: How does 'Complexity Thinking' improve our Understanding of Politics and Policymaking?
Authors: Cairney Paul , Geyer Robert
Published: February 2021

In this article, we present a critical discussion of complexity theory. We ask: what does it really offer policy studies? We suggest that its stated advantages-- interdisciplinarity, theoretical novelty, and empirical advance--are generally exaggerated and based more on hope than experience. In that context, we identify a cautiously positive role for complexity theory, primarily as a way to bridge academic and policymaker discussions by identifying the role of pragmatic responses to complexity in policymaking.
Teaching complexity in public administration across the globe: an overview
Authors: Ivanovic Nevena , Gerrits Lasse
Published: February 2021

As the contributions in this special issue show, there are ample examples of teaching programs at the nexus of complexity and public administration and its sub-fields. However, the examples discussed in this issue do not give us an indication of the extent to which complexity theory or the complexity sciences are taught in curricula worldwide. This contribution presents the results of a thorough internet search to identify those academic programs in political science, public administration and business administration, where complexity sciences are taught in conjunction with all matters public. The search across 193 countries led to selection of 108 programs that corresponded to some or all the defined criteria. We will present characteristics of the selected programs regarding quality of fit, level of studies, field of studies, and type of information about the complexity science approach available on the programs’ websites.
Adaptive Governance and sub-national Climate Change Policy: A comparative analysis of Khyber Pukhtunkhawa and Punjab Provinces in Pakistan
Authors: Mumtaz Muhammad , H. Ali Saleem
Published: February 2021

This study explores the adaptive governance and effective implementation of climate policies at the subnational level in a developing country context. We focused on Pakistan as our central case as it is considered one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change and has also gone through a recent governance devolution process. This study is conduced to investigate climate governance at subnational level in Pakistan by looking at the province of Punjab and Khyber Pukhtunkhawah (KPK). We employ the Ostrom’s Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework for this study. The framework as methodology is important to uncover the complexity of adaptive governance at subnational level after devolution and transformation of environmental institutions in Pakistan. Different aspects of governance such as engagement of local actors, activism of political leadership, awareness campaigns, and capacity building are the notable initiatives in the provinces. The study identifies the differences of initiatives in these provinces are manifest in subnational climate change policy differentiation, research capacity and institutional maturity. The study finds that the provincial government of the KPK follows more participatory and decentralized approach while Punjab is more centralized. The IAD framework provided an effective means of understanding these complex differences in outcome and scale.
Dinâmica espacial e mercado imobiliário no centro histórico de Campina Grande [PB]
Authors: Anjos Kainara Lira dos , Sousa Stéphane Mariana Cunha Lima de , Dantas Hugo Stefano Monteiro , Passos Maria Clara Primo
Published: February 2021

A partir da década de 1970, os centros históricos das cidades brasileiras vêm enfrentando seguidos processos de desvalorização e valorização, tendo sido objeto de intervenções urbanísticas e de estudos acadêmicos. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa que vem sendo desenvolvida pela Rede Mercado Imobiliário em Centros Históricos (MICH) visa preencher uma lacuna identificada nesses estudos, ao procurar desvendar os mecanismos de funcionamento do mercado imobiliário nessas áreas, tendo como estudos de caso os centros das cidades de Recife [PE], Belém [PA], São Luís [MA] (Lacerda et al., 2018), com a posterior inclusão de João Pessoa [PB] e Campina Grande [PB]. No caso de Campina Grande, a pesquisa iniciada em 2017 apontou que, diferentemente dos processos ocorridos nas grandes cidades, seu Centro Histórico ainda se mantem como a principal centralidade urbana do município, além de apresentar um acervo arquitetônico significativo no estilo Art Déco (Sousa & Anjos, 2018). Sendo assim, a partir da adaptação da metodologia proposta pelo MICH, este artigo visa apresentar algumas reflexões e leituras iniciais acerca das relações entre as dinâmicas espaciais e o funcionamento do mercado imobiliário no Centro Histórico de Campina Grande e seu entorno.
Segmentos para una historia del urbanismo virreinal en el estado de Veracruz [México]
Authors: Martí Capitanachi Daniel Rolando , Winfield Reyes Fernando Noel , Montañez Nairobi Soledad Díaz Ordaz
Published: February 2021

Durante el periodo denominado como virreinal que va desde la llegada de los españoles al litoral del territorio que hoy constituye el Estado de Veracruz en 1519 y hasta la Guerra de Independencia en México que inicia en 1810, varios asentamientos son considerados clave para entender la evolución de las ideas del urbanismo que sería implantado en esta región del Nuevo Mundo y, a la larga, el punto de encuentro de culturas, llegada y tránsito de las rutas comerciales del Virreinato de la Nueva España y su metrópoli colonial europea. Al estudiar la evolución que alcanzan varias de estas ciudades durante los siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII, principalmente, resulta evidente la aproximación a varios casos de tipologías urbanas desde el punto de vista del poder político o religioso de las que emanan: a) las ciudades construidas sobre las preexistencias prehispánicas; b) las poblaciones fundadas por las órdenes religiosas mendicantes; c) los enclaves y sistemas de fortificación en el interior por necesidades de defensa, hacia la parte final del periodo colonial. Y, como eje vertebrador de estos desarrollos, la existencia del Camino Real desde el Puerto de Veracruz hasta la Ciudad de México, que, incluso, vía marítima, alcanzaron territorios en Asia y Europa.
Implementation of SSOP (Standard Sanitation Operating Procedure) in Freezing Process Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) in PT. Karya Mina Putra, Rembang, Central Java
Authors: Ristyanti Erni , Masithah Endang Dewi
Published: February 2021

Quality deterioration is susceptible by marine products, so that proper handling and processing is needed to delay the  activity of pathogenic bacteria. The procedure of handling marine products must be done carefully and fulfill the SSOP requirements to minimize contamination products by eliminating or controling the factors that cause contamination from raw material until the products ready for distribution. Praktek Kerja Lapang was held in PT. Karya Mina Putra, Rembang, Central Java on December 23, 2019 to January 23, 2020. The method that used are descriptive method with data collection includes primary data and secondary data. The data is collected by observation, interview  and active participation. Some SSOP requirements in the cuttlefish freezing process at PT. Karya Mina Putra have been fulfilled although there are some obstacles in the application of personal hygiene and damage to the foot sink in several last times. These obstacles can cause contamination to the product and reduce the productivity of the food processing unit.
Physics Oseanography Around Artificial Reef On The Pantai Of Damas, Trenggalek District, East Java
Authors: Fikri Maulana , Isdianto Andik , Luthfi Oktiyas Muzaky
Published: February 2021

Damage to coral reefs is generally caused by destructive fishing activities, they were the usega of explosives, cyanide toxic materials, coral mining for building materials, anchor boat anchors, and the results of sedimentation. Efforts to speed up the process of coral reef recovery, several methods of rehabilitation that can be done include coral transplantation and sinking of artificial reefs. The artificial reef is an alternative to reduce the pressure caused by fishing and destruction of natural coral reefs through the creation of new productive fishing grounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of water parameters (physical oceanography) for biota around artificial reefs based on Geographic Information Systems. The results of identification of oceanographic parameters in the waters of Damas Beach, Trenggalek Regency consist of: (a). depths range from 0-45 meters, (b). brightness ranges from 2 - 6 meters, (c). water temperature ranges from 25.18-29.59ºC, (d). water turbidity ranges from 0.3-4.32 NTU, (e). type of substrate base waters of Damas Beach fine black sand, (f). current speed ranges from 0.1-0.4 m/s, (h). the average wave height of Damas Beach in the morning, afternoon and evening is 5.6 cm, 8.14 cm and 6.2 cm, (i). the total suspended solid waters of Damas Beach range from 35-351 mg/L. The physical oceanographic parameters are still safe for the growth and development of biota in the waters of Damas Beach, Trenggalek Regency.
Physical Characteristics of Artificial Reef Post Deployed on 2017 in Trenggalek Damas Beach
Authors: R. Sirait Anda Putra , Luthfi Oktiyas Muzaky Muzaky , Isdianto Andik
Published: February 2021

Damage to the coral reef ecosystem in the Damas Coast waters is caused by the behavior of using fishing gear that is not environmentally friendly. Based on the problem, there is a solution to lay 25 cube-shaped artificial reefs in 2017. The condition of artificial reefs that have been placed in the waters of Damas Beach within 2.5 years needs to be monitored to determine the physical characteristics of artificial reefs. Observation of physical characteristics is done visually by using the underwater photo transect method. The observation found 22 artificial reefs (AR) including physical characteristics; 15 AR is Buried by sediment; 1 AR covered by a net; 3 AR in a Tilted position and 4 AR in good condition. Three AR that was not found is considered to have disappeared or the entire structure has been buried by sediment.
PATRIMONIALIZAÇÃO, CASA BRANCA E RESISTÊNCIA NEGRA: SOBRE AS RESSIGNIFICAÇÕES DO INSTITUTO DO TOMBAMENTO
Authors: Soares Pereira Paulo Fernando
Published: February 2021

O artigo objetiva discutir como a patrimonialização do Terreiro Casa Branca e a sua negra resistência contribuiu para ressignificar o instituto do tombamento, dando abertura para dessacralizá-lo. Considerando o instituto como o mais tradicional instrumento do Direito Administrativo a serviço da proteção de bens culturais no Brasil, o tombamento tem sua história marcada pela transplantação de um modelo português, o qual, não raras vezes, foi utilizado como discurso para negar proteção a bens culturais que denotam nítido caráter de brasilidade. Desse modo, o uso do tombamento para a proteção de um terreiro de candomblé serviu para demonstrar que o instituto é mais maleável do que se pensa, estando sujeito às relações de poder vigentes e o discurso negador geralmente se vale de uma suposta inadequação do instituto para a proteção dos novos patrimônios, como forma de fortalecer apenas patrimonialidades tradicionais. Como conclusão, demonstra-se que o Direito está relacionado às questões de poder, inclusive às raciais, sendo necessário tomar-se consciência dessa relação, a fim de não se criarem bloqueios aos patrimônios dos sujeitos subalternizados. A inadequação ou não do instituto do tombamento para os novos patrimônios parece ser muito mais uma invenção decorrente das relações de poder que se firmaram no âmbito do patrimônio do que propriamente uma questão jurídica. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão crítica de literatura e análise do processo de tombamento do Terreiro Casa Branca.
DA TEORIA LINEAR DO DIREITO:DAS INFLUÊNCIAS DO PÓS-POSITIVISMO JURÍDICO NO PENSAMENTO DE MIGUEL REALE E A EVOLUÇÃO DA TRIDIMENSIONALIDADE
Authors: Maldonado Dias Norton
Published: February 2021

A presente proposta desenvolve as mudanças do pensamento de Miguel Reale e da Teoria Tridimensional do Direito frente ao processo de redefinição da norma jurídica e na respectiva aplicação, tendo em vista que os valores e os princípios transcenderam funções tradicionais de integração e interpretação para alcançarem força normativa. Desse modo, os princípios e os valores morais passaram galgar a qualidade de norma jurídica que não mais está reduzida a ideia de regras, incluindo a pontual mudança no postulado de aplicação pensada e elaborada considerando as diferenças entre norma-regras com aplicação pela via da subsunção e as normas-princípios ou normas-valores com aplicação pelo viés da ponderação de interesses. Portanto, o presente trabalho averigua as mudanças da perspectiva tridimensional do fato, valor e norma no pensamento de Miguel Reale por uma aplicação onde valor ou princípio se confunde com a própria norma, desfigurando o aspecto tridimensional (fato, valor e norma) em prol de uma aplicação linear com a via da ponderação com apenas duas polarizações: fato e norma-princípio (norma-valor) por influências do neoconstitucionalismo.
ANÁLISE DOS MECANISMOS QUE ABORDAM A EFETIVIDADE DOS DIREITOS SOCIAIS PREVISTOS NA CONSTITUIÇÃO DA REPÚBLICA FEDERATIVA DO BRASIL DE 1988
Authors: Batista Pereira Rauner Ailton
Published: February 2021

É de notório conhecimento de que o Estado arrecada grandes valores, contudo não se mostra como um gestor capaz, visto a forma como se omite na garantia e implementação de direitos sociais previstos na Constituição Federal de 1988. O principal motivo utilizado desta inércia é não haver recursos para a concretização destes, porém alguns direitos necessariamente precisam ser atendidos, caso contrário estaria se violando a dignidade da pessoa humana prevista na Carta Magna e em diversos tratados internacionais. O presente trabalho apresenta mecanismos que precisam ser observados ante a aplicação dos direitos sociais, com a proteção dos direitos já garantidos e aplicados, bem como a proteção que o Estado tem para poder dividir os seus recursos nas mais diversas áreas
A (D)EFICIÊNCIA DO ACORDO DE LENIÊNCIA, PREVISTO NA LEI Nº 12.846 DE 2013, COMO INSTRUMENTO DE OBTENÇÃO DE PROVAS NO COMBATE À CORRUPÇÃO
Authors: Tavares Sávio Gomes , Aquilino Leonardo Navarro
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho visa examinar se o Acordo de Leniência, previsto na Lei Anticorrupção (Lei 12.826/2013), é instrumento eficiente no desmantelo de práticas corruptas articuladas por pessoas jurídicas que firmam contratos ou que de algum modo mantêm relações com a Administração Pública. Para isso, buscou-se analisar três elementos importantes para a aplicabilidade do instituto, quais sejam, a consensualidade, a perspectiva da própria pessoa jurídica infratora e os efeitos dos acordos já celebrados. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, verificou-se os fatores motivadores da referida legislação, assim como interpretações relacionadas à praticidade desse instrumento no cenário anticorrupção e, ainda, a partir de informações públicas disponibilizadas por órgão leniente, foi possível examinar o teor das obrigações assumidas no ajuste. A conclusão é no sentido de que, embora haja problemas de efetividade, a introdução de um sistema sancionatório não penal é medida positiva, capaz de prevenir e reparar com celeridade as lesões decorrentes da corrupção.
O DIREITO PENAL MILITAR APLICADO AO CORPO DE BOMBEIROS MILITAR DO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS (CBMTO):ESTUDO DE CASO DOS CRIMES MILITARES COMETIDOS PELOS INTEGRANTES DO CBMTO ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2006 E 2016
Authors: Fernandes Alex Matos , Oliveira Tarsis Barreto
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo visa demonstrar a aplicabilidade do Direito Penal Militar no âmbito do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Estado do Tocantins (CBMTO), fazendo uma análise dos Inquéritos Policiais Militares instaurados no intervalo de tempo, iniciando pela emancipação da Corporação da Polícia Militar do Estado do Tocantins. Busca evidenciar a necessidade da discussão do Direito Penal Militar, a partir do Direito Penal Comum, numa perspectiva que engloba os conceitos de crime militar, justiça militar da união e justiça militar estadual, das forças armadas e das forças auxiliares (militares estaduais). Há uma breve apresentação do que são os Corpos de Bombeiros e dos Bombeiros Militar; um breve histórico do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Estado do Tocantins (CBMTO); uma debruçada sobre o tema Inquérito Policial Militar, definições e conceitos para uma melhor contextualização do que foi pesquisado e trabalhado durante a pesquisa e, por conseguinte, concentração na análise dos inquéritos levantados, na discussão dos resultados e na apresentação da conclusão ou considerações finais, quanto às circunstâncias, especificidades dos fatos apurados, e dos resultados a que chegou o encarregado, e o andamento na justiça militar, para, no final, apresentar algumas considerações quanto ao tema Direito Penal Militar, em especial no âmbito acadêmico, sua importância e a razão dessa necessidade para uma defesa mais eficaz dos militares que por vezes possam vir a cometer algum delito militar que acarrete indiciação ou acusação da prática de um crime militar, e não possam ficar indefesos ou terem uma defesa ineficaz.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS TERAPÊUTICAS AUXILIARES NA RESOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS PELO JUDICIÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Brito Gomes Erica , Andreazza Araújo Leite Ana Maria , De Oliveira Neto José Weidson
Published: February 2021

No ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, o Estado tem uma função essencial que é harmonizar os conflitos que chegam até ele. No entanto, a ideia de justiça trazida pelo Poder Judiciário não atende mais as necessidades da população, uma vez que ao buscarem a resolução do conflito encontram com a lentidão processual, circunstância que dificulta a resolução do litígio. Em vista disso, o Judiciario procura outras maneiras para um processo rápido e eficaz. O presente estudo tem a finalidade de apresentar as técnicas auxiliares aos métocos autocompositivos, que pretendem minimizar o pleito na esfera jurídica. Além disso, traz base histórica, conceituações e importância de todo esse caminho para trilhar em busca da resolução do conflito.  Utiliza-se método dialético como abordagem de pesquisa, além de técnicas indiretas e exploratórias de bibliografias e documentos legislativos relevantes sobre a matéria. O direito sistêmico e suas técnicas podem contribuir, por meio de oficinas de parentalidade, na resolução consensual de conflitos judiciais.
Assess the Impact of Obesity on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes among Saudi Women at King Abdulaziz Medical City Jeddah
Authors: Adwani Nadia , Fouly Howieda , Omer Tagwa
Published: February 2021

The rising prevalence of obesity has a significant impact on obstetrics practice regarding maternal and perinatal complications includes recurrent miscarriage, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and prolonged labor. Objective: To assess the impact of obesity on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes among Saudi women. Methods: The study was conducted at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Jeddah. Design: A quantitative research, cross-sectional retrospective design. A total number of 186 participants were recruited from July to Dec.2018 according to eligibility criteria. The data were collected retrospectively by a review of the chart records of the labor and delivery department. Results: The mean (SD) age of participants was 31.94(5.67) years old; two-thirds were in obesity class1. There was a significant association between obesity and pre-existing thyroid disease and induced hypertension class3. However, Episiotomy showed that obesity class3 was significantly different from obesity class2. Conclusion: This study concludes obesity affects the outcomes of pregnant Saudi associations between obesity and preeclampsia, perineal tears, and episiotomy variables, and other variables reflect no associations. Recommendations: Further studies are needed to generalize the results. This study endorses the pregnant women start the antenatal follow-up from 1st trimester so, the data will be available on the system for research.
Rapamycin and Rapalogs
Authors: Lamming Dudley
Published: February 2021

Inhibition of mTORC1 (mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Complex 1) signaling promotes health and longevity in diverse model organisms. Over the past decade, excitement has built over the possibility that treatment with the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin can be utilized to treat or prevent age-related disease in humans. However, concerns over the side effects of rapamycin on immunity and metabolism have precluded the routine use of rapamycin as a geroprotective therapy. Here, we discuss the evidence that these negative side effects of rapamycin are largely mediated by off-target inhibition of a second mTOR Complex (mTORC2). Further, we discuss how intermittent treatment with rapamycin, specific dietary regimens, and new molecules may provide routes to the safer and more selective inhibition of mTORC1. We conclude that the time is ripe for the development of therapies based on the safe and selective inhibition of mTORC1 for the treatment or prevention of diseases of aging.
Análisis de Vibración de Platos Anulares con Soporte Elástico
Authors: Ramírez Monares José Alfredo
Published: February 2021

La presente investigación consiste en un modelo mecánico de sujeción por resortes a flexión y a tensión-compresión para analizar el cambio en las frecuencias naturales y formas modales con respecto a las rigideces en la sujeción del disco. Las sujeciones empotradas de un sistema mecánico real son comúnmente modeladas como una sujeción ideal que restringe totalmente los momentos y fuerzas, lo cual comúnmente no existe en los sistemas reales. Esta limitación motiva el desarrollo del presente modelo que permite tomar en cuenta la elasticidad de la sujeción que existe en el disco anular. Se modela la vibración libre de un plato anular con aristas externa libre y diferentes valores de rigidez como condiciones de frontera en la arista interna y se resuelve analíticamente mediante las funciones de Bessel. Los parámetros de frecuencia natural γ2 son tabulados para el soporte empotrado y elástico con diferentes relaciones de radios externo-interno, modos de vibración y rigideces en la arista interna. Se observa que conforme las rigideces del soporte flexible aumentan, los valores de los parámetros γ2 convergen a los del disco con soporte clásico empotrado. Las formas modales cambian de manera distinta con respecto a los cambios en la rigidez a tensión-compresión y con respecto a cambios en la rigidez a flexión.
Metaphysics of Being of Information
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Yakovlev Vladimir A.
Published: February 2021

In article the metaphysics of being of information is considered and her cat­egorical status. The concept of information plays an especially important role in cognitive disciplines – neurology, cognitive psychology, sociology and arti­ficial intelligence theories altogether forming the scientific basis of new epi­stemology. Information is understood as the objective reality perceived by the subject by means of touch bodies which it fixes and comprehends by means of various semantic pro-positions, logical-mathematical operations and calculations, using it in various communicative practices for achievement of the purposes. On the basis of philosophical traditions of interpretation of cat­egory of life and various interpretations of this abstract concept of modern nat­ural sciences the new understanding of category of life as a basic metaphysical concept of science is offered. The philosophical bases of the theory of creative participation of the person in events of the Universe the famous American physicist-theorist J.A. Wheeler who put forward the thesis “all from Bit” (It from Bit), the information paradigm of the universe developed by the prom­inent modern philosopher L. Floridi. It is demonstrated that the origination and evolution of all objects takes place due to the existence of specific information programs that express the fundamental creativity of the nature. The statement that the category of life in modern interpretation both in natural-science, and in sociocultural aspects expresses life of information, or the information life presented in unity of three spheres of reality – matter, lives and consciousness (reason) is proved.
“The Meaning of War” by Vladimir Solovyov and Russian Society
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mezhuev Boris V.
Published: February 2021

The article tells about ideological premises and circumstances of appearance of the famous article The Meaning of War by Wl. Solovyev published in 1895. It states, that this article which was later included into the Wl. Solovyev’s trea­tise The Justification of Good as a special chapter, reflected not only the devel­oping conflict of the thinker with religious and ethical views of Leo Tolstoy but also the increasing alienation of Wl. Solovyev from his liberal circle. It points out the reasons by which the Wl. Solovyev’s justification of war was not adopted by Russian liberals who didn’t want to come into polemics with Tolstoy’s ideas which were popular in the populist camp. The article pays special attention to the significance of the phenomenon of intellectual class and to the factor of increas­ing of its role in society for the proper understanding of the rise of pacifism in Russian society in the 1890-s. It brings out a close connection between the so­cio-political views of Wl. Solovyev in 1890-s and the views of his father, the prominent Russian historian Sergey Solovyev, and in particular, his conception of war between the West and the East as the leitmotif of the world history. It puts forward the thesis that the main task of Wl. Solovyev as a social philosopher and public figure was the rebirth of the complex of ideas which was symptomatic for the 1840-s in Russia. That complex included a statesmanship tinged with roman­ticism, belief in the positive role of Russian empire in the history and the percep­tion of Russia as a keeper of European unity.
The Spiritual Meaning of War and the Metamorphosis of Collective Responsibility in the Socio-philosophical Concept of I.A. Ilyin
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anikin Daniil A.
Published: February 2021

The article reveals the problem of collective responsibility in the works of the Russian philosopher I.A. Ilyin, shows the dynamics of the development of his ideas from early work to articles of the emigrant period. Responsibility is con­sidered by I.A. Ilyin as a key concept that ensures the interconnection of the past and the future, which is especially acute in a situation of war. The First World War was supposed to be a source of spiritual uplift for the Russian people, but the ensuing revolution led to the emergence of a new socio-historical situation. According to I.A. Ilyin, traditional patriotism is replaced by its new form, in which responsibility for preserving Russian society forces neutrality in the armed con­frontation between communist Russia and Nazi Germany. A key element of such a choice is moral justification, which forces us to abandon the idea of overthrow­ing the regime at the cost of the life of the people, but, at the same time, does not allow us to side with this regime. I.A. Ilyin notes the key mistakes of Nazi ideol­ogy that do not allow us to make a choice in its favor: sectarianism, right-wing totalitarianism, party monopoly, nationalism, nationalization of the economy, idolatrous Caesarism. As a result, the Russian thinker considers authoritarian regimes based on traditional social institutions and preserving the primacy of morality over rationality to be the most optimal form of political structure. The article justifies that the ideas of I.A. Ilyin demonstrate the complexity and ambiguity of understanding patriotism in the context of the transformation of collective subjects of responsibility, when there is an inconsistency between the images of historical memory and the real configuration of the political and social space.
Traditional Motives in the Aesthetic Views of the 20th Century Japanese PhilosophersKuki Shuzo, Karaki Junzo, Kato Shinro
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Skvortsova Elena L.
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the views of three Japanese philosophers of the 20th cen­tury with their example we are convinced the relevance of the traditional world­view in contemporary Japan. Since the Meiji period, Western philosophy and aes­thetic theories have constantly influenced the views of Japanese thinkers, but up to this day, traditionalism plays an important role in Japanese thought. This also applies to the emphasis on corporality, human incarnation – the Buddhist position on “the unity of flesh and mind” (shin-jin – itchinyo) and the uncertainty fluidity of all forms of existence of things (mujo), relations, the ephemerality of life itself. This is also true for acceptance of Nothingness (mu) as a metacategory of philoso­phy which Nishida Kitaro put at the foundation of his system, explaining the his­torical world and the position in it of a person through the identity of absolute contradictions resolved in the field (basho) of Nothingness. This philosophical position, Buddhist-Taoist in essence, is especially vividly present in the works of Japanese thinkers who study the traditional culture of their homeland and try to give a modern interpretation to its categories.
Philosophical Ideas of Yanaihara Tadao:Nationalism, Pacifism and the Concept of the “Just War”
Authors:   St-Petersburg State University, Bertova Anna D.
Published: February 2021

Prominent Japanese economist, specialist in colonial politics, a professor of Im­perial Tokyo University, Yanaihara Tadao (1893‒1961) was one of a few people who dared to oppose the aggressive policy of Japanese government before and during the Second World War. He developed his own view of patriotism and na­tionalism, regarding as a true patriot a person who wished for the moral develop­ment of his or her country and fought the injustice. In the years leading up to the war he stated the necessity of pacifism, calling every war evil in the ultimate, divine sense, developing at the same time the concept of the «just war» (gisen­ron), which can be considered good seen from the point of view of this, imper­fect life. Yanaihara’s theory of pacifism is, on one hand, the continuation of the one proposed by his spiritual teacher, the founder of the Non-Church movement, Uchimura Kanzo (1861‒1930); one the other hand, being a person of different historical period, directly witnessing the boundless spread of Japanese militarism and enormous hardships brought by the war, Yanaihara introduced a number of corrections to the idealistic theory of his teacher and proposed quite a specific explanation of the international situation and the state of affairs in Japan. Yanai­hara’s philosophical concepts influenced greatly both his contemporaries and successors of the pacifist ideas in postwar Japan, and contributed to the dis­cussion about interrelations of pacifism and patriotism, and also patriotism and religion.
Humboldt, Natural Philosophy and the University As a Universe
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mironov Vladimir V.
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the scientific career of Alexander von Humboldt. The scien­tist researched the junction of science and philosophy, set up experiments to study organic life, testing his theory of “life force”. The result of his work was the essay “On irritated muscle and nerve fiber”. The philosophical essay “Life-Force, or the Genius of Rhodes” reveals Humboldt's literary talent. In this essay, in literary form, the problem of “life force” and understanding the essence of life was raised. And it’s not by chance, since Humboldt’s texts have a complete aes­thetic character, which allowed him as a scientist to capture life itself as the phe­nomena of nature. Being and nature, according to the scientist, are not divided into separate parts and their separation is purely objective, while nature itself is one unit. This understanding of the integrity of nature (including humans) is also at the heart of the project of the model of university education, which he and his brother Wilhelm von Humboldt founded in Berlin and whose main principle was the unity of basic research and teaching. Subsequently, such an attitude allowed universities to simultaneously become scientific centers of their country, per­forming, among other things, state tasks. The article notes that Humboldt’s sci­entific research was highly appreciated not only by his contemporaries philoso­phers but also by writers, such as Goethe and Schiller.
Alexander von Humboldt and Science Policy
Authors:   Interregional Non-Governmental Organization “Russian Society for History and Philosophy of Science”, Antonovskiy Alexander Yu. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2021

In conditions of deep social differentiation, science, apparently, is not capable of internal integration. As a result, it cannot fully participate in political life as an independent and equal subject. Turning to the figure of Alexander von Hum­boldt, the author reconstructs a certain “workaround” of the possible influence of scientists on politics and science management. The importance of the Humboldt brothers for world science in general and Russia, in particular, can hardly be overestimated. Alexander von Humboldt was a specialist in the widest range of disciplines: astronomy, geology, mineralogy, chemistry, biology, and many oth­ers. He stood at the origins of modern geography. Today he is called the herald of globalized science. At the same time, during his journey, the first world global network of scientific research was finally completed, the famous network of geo­logical stations, which made it possible to simultaneously record natural and cli­matic changes in Europe, Russia, and the United States. Today, in an age of fatal environmental change, this endeavor’s relevance has finally become common knowledge. The article proposes the idea of the possibility of a mutually benefi­cial “rational exchange” between science and politics, which is interpreted by the author in the systemic-communicative concept of “structural conjugation”.
Discourses of Biopolitics and Human Securityin the Context of New Challenges and Threats to Humanity
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Kukartseva (Glaser) Marina A. ,   Diplomatic Academy of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Ivlev Vitaly Yu. ,   Bauman State Technical University, Novik Nikolay N. ,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”
Published: February 2021

The research aims at explicating two discourses that are most important for solv­ing global problems of humanity: biopolitics and human security. The similarity of the studied concepts is revealed. According to the authors, it consists in the sameness of their object, and the differences – in its interpretation. Biopolitics sees its interest in finding ways to control the impersonal “man in General”, and human security – in its individuation. The measure of correlation of these con­cepts and their relation to the philosophical discourse about freedom is revealed. The author traces the dialectics of biopolitics and human security, the moments when the biopolitical discourse of “insured” and “uninsured” life intersects with the “colonizing” discourse. It is concluded that the conflict of interests of the studied discourses is inevitable, none of them is able to “rise above the fray”, having the opportunity to answer complex questions of human security. The mea­sure of their effectiveness as an intellectual tool and practical mechanism for solving problems is illustrated by “fragile States” (the case of sub-Saharan Africa) and in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Humanitarian Sciences in the Transition Era:Creation of the History and Theory of World CultureDepartment of Moscow State University.The Conversation of V.V. Mironov and N.A. Shchipkov
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mironov Vladimir V. , Shchipkov Nikolay A. ,   The Ilya Glazunov Russian Academy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture
Published: February 2021

“Voprosy filosofii” publishes one of the last interviews of the Dean of the faculty of philosophy of Lomonosov Moscow State University, associate member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, DSc in Philosophy V.V. Mironov, which he gave to his student, lecturer of The Ilya Glazunov Russian Academy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture N.A. Shchipkov. The conversation focuses on the post-Soviet ideological reform of the faculty of philosophy and the creation of a new social science – cultural studies – the emergence of which has affected the methodological landscape of Russian Humanities. Thirty years ago, thanks to the initiative of the rector of Moscow State University V.A. Sadovnichy, orga­nizational efforts of A.V. Panin, V.V. Mironov, V.Y. Savrei and other political and cultural figures such as R.M. Gorbacheva and D.S. Likhachev, the department of History and Theory of World culture appeared at the faculty of philosophy of Moscow University. Its field of study has always been extremely close to Vladimir Vasilyevich’s own scientific interests and it is no accident that he con­sidered “Philosophy and metamorphoses of culture” to be one of his most impor­tant works; a work devoted not only to the problem of culture itself, but also to the place of the Humanities in modern philosophical studies and education.
Principle of Interval Knowledge in Science Methodology
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University «LETI», Agoshkova Elena B.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the Principle of Interval Knowledge designed to fill the gap in the methodology of science, associated with the problem of the knowledge boundaries. Over the course of half a century, several versions of the Intervality Principle have been created, different interpretations of its notions have arisen, in­cluding the key concept of “abstraction interval”, but they encountered a number of contradictions. Therefore, the task arises of creating a unified concept and in­troducing precise definitions. The author shows that overcoming contradictions is possible on the way of studying the meaning of introduced notions. This meaning should be correlated with the goal of the intervality concept: to reflect the birth of partial knowledge under the conditions of total restrictions of all components in­volved in the creation of knowledge. The article provides definitions of interval notions, formulation of the Principle and interpretation of the key concept “ab­straction interval”. The author believes that the expansion of the notion of “inter­val” allows accepting it as a generic concept for all types of restrictions. The crite­rion for the meaning of a key concept is the requirement of informational completeness of knowledge representation. Then the concept of “abstraction in­terval” can be understood as a complete informational characteristic of knowledge about a fragment of reality and the conditions for its creation. Two comple­mentary concepts are introduced: “conditions interval” and “content interval”. The author shows that the essence of the Principle consists of asserting condition­ality of the content interval by the conditions interval. The introduced refinements remove the contradictions between different directions and lead to the creation of a unified interval concept.
Intelligent plant cultivation robots based on key marker algorithm and improved A* algorithm
Authors: Jiang ZiHan , Shi Bingyu , Du Fuyu , Xue Bowen , Lei Mingyu , Sun Hailong , Yang Ziyi
Published: February 2021

Intelligent plant cultivation robots play a vital role in plant intelligent cultivation. Aiming at the problem of low accuracy and low efficiency of intelligent plant cultivation robots in searching for target plants in unknown environments, this paper proposes an intelligent plant cultivation robot based on key marker algorithm and improved A* algorithm. In terms of target plant positioning, a key marker algorithm based on YOLO V3 is proposed. Accurately find the target plant in the location environment, mark the key coordinate location of the target plant, and plan the routes. In terms of route planning, the self-node search strategy for the traditional A* algorithm has disadvantages such as many path turning points and large turning angles. By analyzing annealing algorithm, ant colony algorithm and A* algorithm, this paper proposes an improved A* algorithm. Finally, experiments with many different scenes prove that the intelligent plant cultivation robot proposed in this paper can effectively improve the accuracy of target plant detection and the efficiency of route planning.