bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tingkat Kecerdasan Intelegensi Anak Stunting
Authors: Ginting Kristian Pieri , Pandiangan Asri
Published: May 2020

Indonesia memiliki hampir sepertiga anak mengalami stunting. Hal ini menjadi masalah yang serius karena stunting dapat berdampak jangka pendek yaitu peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas, penurunan fungsi kognitif dan anak menjadi lebih mudah sakit sedangkan jangka panjang yaitu obesitas, penurunan tinggi badan anak saat dewasa, penurunan performa di sekolah dan penurunan kesehatan reproduksi.Stunting memiliki dampak pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang terhambat terutama sel-sel syaraf pusat. Keadaan stunting akan mengakibatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sel-sel neuron akan terhambat sehingga kecerdasan intelektual anak dapat berkurang. Metode yang digunakan adalahliterature review yang diambil dari buku, jurnal nasional atau internasional maupun website. Literature yang diambil terdiri dari 18 artikel. Penelusuran sumber pustaka dalam artikel ini melalui database NCBI dan Google Scholar. Sumber artikel diambil dari tahun 2000 sampai tahun 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan stunting mempengaruhi tingkat kecerdasan intelektual anak. Simpulan stunting pada anak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sel-sel syaraf pusat anak sehingga menurunkan kecerdasan intelektual anak.

 

Kata kunci: kecerdasan intelegensi, anak, stunting

 

CHILDREN INTELLECTION LEVEL OF STUNTING

 

ABSTRACT

Indonesia has almost one third of children stunted. This is a serious problem because stunting can have short-term effects, there are increased morbidity and mortality, decreased cognitive function and children become more easy to be illness while long-term, there are obesity, reduced child height as adults, decreased performance in schools and decreased reproductive health. Stunting has an impact on stunted growth and development especially central nerve cells. Stunting will lead to growth and development of neuron cells will be hampered so that children's intellectual intelligence can be reduced. The method used is literature review taken from books, national or international journals and websites. Literature taken consists of 18 articles. Search of library resources in this article through the NCBI database and Google Scholar. The source of the article was taken from 2000 to 2018. The results showed that stunting make the level of children's intellectual intelligence to be decrease. Conclusion of stunting in children can inhibit the growth and development of the child's central nerve cells, thereby reducing children's intellectual intelligence.

 

Keywords : stunting, intelegence question, children
Pengaruh Anemia terhadap Kematian Maternal
Authors: Widoyoko Abiyyi Pratama Husada , Septianto Rendy
Published: May 2020

Anemia adalah kondisi dengan kadar haemoglobin (Hb) dalam darahnya kurang dari 12 gr/dl. Anemia dalam kehamilan adalah kondisi ibu dengan kadar haemoglobin di bawah 11 gr/dl pada trimester 1 dan 3 atau kadar haemoglobin kurang dari 10,5 gr/dl pada trimester 2. Lebih dari 50% ibu hamil dengan anemia, dan menyebabkan kesakitan dan kematian maternal.Penulisan ini menggunakan metode literature review.Sumber pustaka yang di gunakan yaitu 19 pustaka yang berasal dari buku, jurnal nasional, dan jurnal internasional.Tahun penerbitan jurnal dan buku yang di gunakan adalah tahun 2004 sampai tahun 2019.Berbagai penelitian yang sudah di lakukan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh anemia sebagai penyebab utama kematian maternal.Penyebab paling umum dari anemia pada kehamilan adalah kekurangan zat besi atau yang dikenal dengan anemia defisiensi zat besi.Anemia defisiensi zat besi pada ibu hamil dapat menjadi penyebab utama terjadinya perdarahan, partus lama dan infeksi yang merupakan faktor utama kematian maternal.

 

Kata kunci: anemia, defisiensi zat besi, haemoglobin, kematian maternal

 THE EFFECT OF ANEMIA ON MATERNAL DEATH

                                                                                         ABSTRACT

Anemia is a condition in which the hemoglobin (Hb) level in the blood is less than 12 gr/dl. Anemia in pregnancy is a condition when a mother with a hemoglobin level below 11 gr/dl in trimester 1 and 3 or hemoglobin level less than 10.5 gr/dl in trimester 2. More than 50% of pregnancy women with anemia, and cause maternal pain and death.The  method  used  is  literature  review  taken  from  books,  national  or  international  journals. The source of  the  article and book  was  taken  from2004 to 2019. Various studies conducted showthere are significantanemia as a major cause of maternal mortality. The most common cause of anemia in pregnancy is iron deficiency, also known as iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy women can be a major cause of bleeding, prolonged parturition and infections which are the main factors of maternal death.

 Keywords: anemia, iron deficiency,haemoglobin, maternal mortality
Efektivitas Ekstrak Ikan Gabus sebagai Antihiperglikemik
Authors: Soniya Firinda , Fauziah Milatul
Published: May 2020

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit metabolik yang ditandai dengan meningkatkan kadar glukosa darah atau penderita dalam kondisi hiperglikemik. Jumlah penderita diabetes melitus di dunia mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Laporan WHO pada tahun 2015 menunjukkan 422 juta orang mengalami kondisi diabetes melitus. Indonesia merupakan negara dengan penderita diabetes tertinggi ke-7 di dunia dengan prevalensi kasus pada tahun 2016 sebesar 12.2 juta orang. Ikan gabus (Channa striata) diketahui memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi dan diketahui dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber antioksidan antihiperglikemik maupun antidiabetes. Kadar protein dalam 100 gram ikan gabus dapat mencapai 25.2%. Terdapat 15 jenis asam amino yang ditemukan pada protein ikan gabus yang meliputi 9 jenis asam amino esensial berupa histidin, treonin, arginin, metionin, valin, fenialanin, leusin, isoleusin, dan lisin. Arginin bekerja dengan meningkatkan fungsi sel beta, meningkatkan pengeluaran energi dan sensitivitas insulin. Sedangkan leusin bekerja dalam transkripsi gen dan sintesis protein pada sel beta pankreas. Kandungan senyawa albumin pada ikan gabus juga dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan pada sel beta pankreas.

Kata kunci: channa striata, hiperglikemik, diabetes, asam amino

EFFECTIVENESS OF SNAKEHEAD FISH (Channa striata) EXTRACT AS AN ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC

                                                                ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by increasing blood glucose levels or hyperglycemic conditions. The number of people with diabetes mellitus in the world has increasing every year. The WHO report in 2015 showing 422 million people had diabetes mellitus. Indonesia is the 7th highest diabetes sufferer in the world with a case prevalence in 2016 of 12.2 million people. Snakehead (Channa striata) has been sources have a high protein content and is known to be used as a source of antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic antioxidants. Protein levels in 100 grams of snakehead fish can reach 25.2%. There are 15 types of amino acids found in snakehead protein which include 9 types of essential amino acids in the form of histidine, threonine, arginine, methionine, valine, phenialanine, leucine, isoleucine, and lysine. Arginine works by increasing beta cell function, increasing energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. Whereas leucine works in gene transcription and protein synthesis in pancreatic beta cells. The content of albumin compounds in snakehead fish is also reported to have antioxidant activity on pancreatic beta cells.

 Keyword : channa striata, hyperglycemic, diabetes, amino acids
Ekstrak Kulit Nanas sebagai Antibakteri
Authors: Husniah Imraatul , Gunata Agustina Fadilla
Published: May 2020

Penggunaan antibakteri merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengatasi peyakit infeksi. Ekstrak kulit nanas mengandung banyak senyawa kimia yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Senyawa antibakteri tertinggi yang terdapat pada ekstrak kulit nanas yaitu bromelin dan flavonoid. Tujuan literatur review ini adalah untuk mengetahui manfaat ekstrak kulit nanas madu sebagai antibakteri. Artikel ini menggunakan metode studi artikel review, yaitu denganmenggunakan artikel penelitian yang didapat melalui proses pencarian literatur dan buku terkait manfaat ekstrak kulit nanas sebagai antibakteri dari tahun 2009 sampai dengan 2019. Berbagai penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kulit nanas madu bermanfaat sebagai antibakteri, baik bakteri gram positif maupun gram negatif. Senyawa kimia yang terkandung pada ekstrak kulit nanas yaitu bromelin, flavonoid, tanin, oxalat, dan pitat  dengan kandungan terbesarnya yaitu bromelindan flavonoid. Ekstrak kulit nanas meiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang lebih kuat terhadap gram positif.

Kata kunci: aktivitas antibakteri, bromelin, flavonoid, kulit nanas

PINEAPPLE PEEL EXTRACT AS ANTIBACTERIAL

ABSTRACT

The antibacterial is usually used to cure the infection. Pineapple peel extract has a lot of chemical compound that has an antibacterial activity. The most antibacterial chemical compound in pineapple peel extract is bromelain and flavonoid. The puspose of this literature review is to determine the benefits of pineapple peel extract as an antibacterial. The method of this article is using article review by searchingthe articles and book related to the pineapple peel extract as antibacterialfrom 2011 to 2019. Various experimentalstudies conducted showed that pineapple peel extract has potential activity as antibacterial, included the positive and negative gram bacteria. The chemical compound in pineapple peel extract is bromelain, flavonoid, tanin, and saponin which the highest chemical compound is bromelain and flavonoid. The gram positive bacterial is more susceptible to pineapple peel extract than the gram negative bacterial.

 Keywords: antibacterial activity, bromelain, flavonoid, pineapple peel.
The Kadar Timbal Darah pada Kesehatan Anak
Authors: Salsabilla Riska Oktavioni , Pratama Bagus , Angraini Dian Isti
Published: May 2020

Timbal merupakan logam berat yang beracun bagi banyak organ, termasuk sistem saraf pusat yang berpotensi menyebabkan kerusakan saraf dan kognitif secara persisten hingga permanen. Potensi toksisitas timbal akan meningkatkan kesadaran tentang bahaya kesehatan terkait paparan lingkungan. Literatur review ini bertujuan mengumpulkan penelitian – penelitian yang berhubungan dengan kadar timbal darah dan efeknya terhadap kesehatan anak. Metode yang digunakan berupa studi literatur dengan metode mencari, menggabungkan inti sari serta menganalisis fakta dari beberapa sumber ilmiah yang akurat dan validPada pedoman asupan mingguan konsumsi timbal yang dapat ditoleransi pada darah adalah ≤5 µg/dl. Hasil dari tinjauan pustka ini ditemukan bahwa bahaya kesehatan terkait paparan lingkungan pada anak dengan jalur masuk paparan dan asal sumber timbal telah banyak dilaporkan. Paparan timbal dalam jumlah yang sangat kecil sekalipun dapat memiliki efek jangka panjang dan lambat yang terakumulasi pada anak-anak. Penurunan fungsi kognitif dimungkinkan pada kandungan timbal lebih rendah dari pedoman asupan mingguan yang dapat ditoleransi. Secara khusus, paparan kronis terhadap konsentrasi timbal yang rendah menyebabkan gangguan perilaku kognitif pada anak-anak. Pengaruh kadar timbal darah pada kesehatan neurobehavior anak berupa pengaruh pada perilaku dan perkembangan mental, neurokognitif dan intelegensia, serta gangguan neurobehavioral pada anak.

Kata kunci: anak, kadar timbal darah, neurobehavior, timbal

BLOOD LEAD LEVELS IN CHILDREN'S HEALTH

ABSTRACT

Lead is a heavy metal that is poisonous to many organs, including the central nervous system which has the potential to cause permanent and permanent nerve and cognitive damage. Potential for lead toxicity will increase awareness about health hazards related to environmental exposure. This literature review aims to gather research related to blood lead levels and their effects on children's health. The method used in the form of a literature study with the method of searching, combining essence and analyzing facts from several scientific sources that are accurate and valid In the guidelines for weekly intake of lead consumption that can be tolerated in the blood is ≤5 µg / dl. The results of this literature review found that health hazards related to environmental exposure in children with exposure to entry and origin of lead sources have been widely reported. Even very small amounts of lead exposure can have long-term and slow effects that accumulate in children. Decreased cognitive function is possible at lead levels lower than the tolerable weekly intake guidelines. Specifically, chronic exposure to low lead concentrations causes impaired cognitive behavior in children. The influence of blood lead levels on children's neurobehavior health in the form of influences on behavior and mental development, neurocognitive and intelligence, as well as neurobehavioral disorders in children.                      

Keywords: children, blood lead levels, neurobehavior, lead
Potensi Tanaman Cermai dalam Mengatasi Asma
Authors: Rahmah Anisa Zulfiya , Pratiwi Jihan Nur
Published: May 2020

Asma adalah gangguan inflamasi kronik saluran napas memunculkan gejala episodik berulang berupa sesak napas, dada terasa berat, mengi dan  muncul terutama malam dan atau siang. Pencetus serangan asma dapat disebabkan oleh sejumlah faktor seperti alergen, virus, bahan iritan yang menginduksi respon inflamasi. Cermai mengandung komponen anti-inflamasi aktif yang telah banyak digunakan oleh pengobatan tradisional sebagai upaya pengobatan asma. Tujuan dari tinjauan pustaka ini adalah untuk melaporkan temuan ilmiah terbaru tentang peran kandungan cermai dalam mengatasi asma dengan sifatnya sebagai antiinflamasi dan menurunkan kadar IgE. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel berjenis tinjauan pusta ka ini adalah literature searching method melalui database NCBI dan Google Scholar. Tahun penerbitan sumber pustaka adalah dari tahun 1991 sampai tahun 2018 dengan 21 sumber pustaka dan 13 sumber yang dapat digunakan. Tema yang dikumpulkan terkait dengan kandungan cermai dalam mengatasi asma. Hasil dari sintesis artikel yang telah ditemukan yaitu cermai bermanfaat dalam mengurangi kejadian asma.

Kata kunci: anti-inflamasi, asma, phyllantus acidus

THE POTENTION OF STAR GOOSEBERRY IN OVERCOMING ASTHMA

ABSTRACT

Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the airways causing recurrent episodic symptoms in the form of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest feels heavy and coughing especially at night and / or early morning. Triggers of asthma attacks can be caused by a number of factors such as allergens, viruses, irritants that induce an inflammatory response. Cermai contains active anti-inflammatory components that have been widely used by traditional medicine as an effort to treat asthma. The purpose of this literature review is to report the latest scientific findings about the role of chewing content in overcoming asthma with its anti-inflammatory properties and lower IgE levels. The method of this literature review used is article search through the NCBI database and Google Scholar. The year of publication of library resources is from 1991 to 2018 with 21 library sources and 13 sources that used in this review. The themes collected are related to the content of the mirror in dealing with asthma. The results of the synthesis of articles that have been found are useful in reducing the incidence of asthma.

Keywords: anti-inflammation, asthma, phyllantus acidus
Potensi Kandungan Biji Anggur dalam Mempercepat Penyembuhan Luka
Authors: Firdaus Nadia Zulfa , Alda Asisther Avivo , Gunawan Ika Sari
Published: May 2020

Luka adalah kondisi diskontinuitas skruktur anatomi jaringan tubuh mulai dari lapisan epitel kulit sampai lapisan jaringan subkutis, lemak, otot, tulang, serta struktur lain di sekitarnya seperti pembuluh darah, saraf, dan tendon akibat adanya trauma. Penyembuhan luka adalah proses dinamis yang meliputi unsur-unsur tubuh, pembuluh darah, fibroblast, dan sel epitel yang dirangkum dalam tiga fase utama yaitu fase inflamasi, fase proliferasi, dan fase maturasi. Biji anggur (Vitis vinifera L.) mengandung berbagai vitamin, karotenoid, senyawa polifenol, dan sterol yang menunjukkan efek menguntungkan pada penyembuhan luka. Tujuan dari tinjauan pustaka ini adalah untuk melaporkan temuan ilmiah terbaru tentang peran kandungan biji anggur dalam penyembuhan luka dengan sintesis kolagen, mencegah efek merusak dari radikal bebas, memastikan stabilitas dan integritas membran biologis, serta memproduksi kolagen yang mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode literature searching melalui database NCBI dan Google Scholar. Tahun penerbitan sumber pustaka adalah dari tahun 2000 sampai tahun 2019 dengan 22 sumber pustaka. Tema yang dikumpulkan terkait dengan kandungan biji anggur terhadap penyembuhan luka. Hasil dari sintesis artikel yang telah ditemukan yaitu biji anggur bermanfaat dalam mempercepat penyembuhan luka.

Kata kunci: biji anggur, penyembuhan luka, polifenol

THE POTENTION OF GRAPE SEED TOWARD ACCELERATE HEALING WOUND

ABSTRACT

Wound is condition of discontinue anatomical structure of the body's tissue from the epithelial layer of the skin to the subcutaneous tissue layer, fat, muscle, bone, and other surrounding structures such as blood vessels, nerves, and tendons due to trauma. Wound healing is a dynamic process involving the body, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells which are summarized in three main phases, namely the inflammatory phase, the proliferation phase, and the maturation phase. Grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L.) contain various vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenol compositions, and sterols which have beneficial effects on wound healing. The purpose of this literature evaluation is to report the latest scientific findings on the role of grape seeds in wound recovery by collagen synthesis, prevent damage to free radicals, ensure and integrate biological membranes, and produce collagen that can repair wounds. The method used in this article is literature seacrhing through the NCBI database and Google Scholar. The year of reaching the library source is from 2000 to 2019 with 22 library sources. The theme collected is related to grape seeds on wound healing. The results of the synthesis of articles that have been found are grape seeds that are beneficial in improving wound healing.

 Keywords: grape seed, healing wound, pholiphenol
Potensi Daun Serai sebagai Terapi Komplementer pada Selulitis
Authors: Meidania Nursilri , Pratiwi Jihan Nur
Published: May 2020

Selulitis merupakan penyakit infeksi yang terjadi di kulit, baik itu dermis maupun jaringan subkutan. Gejala klinis yang muncul dapat berupa gejala akut yaitu eritema, nyeri, edema, inflamasi supurasi, serta gejala sistemik berupa malaise, demam, menggigil, dan nyeri lokal. Penyebab utama selulitis yaitu bakteri kokus gram positif seperti Streptococcus spp. atau Staphyloccocus aureus. Serai mengandung antimikroba dan antiinflamasi yang baik untuk membantu mengatasi selulitis. Tujuan dari tinjauan pustaka ini adalah untuk melaporkan temuan ilmiah terbaru tentang peran kandungan Serai dalam menngatasi selulitis dengan kandungannya yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri penyebab selulitis dan meredakan gejala peradangan dengan sifat antiinflamasinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel berjenis tinjauan pustaka ini adalah literature searching method melalui database NCBI dan Google Scholar. Tahun penerbitan sumber pustaka adalah dari tahun 1999 sampai tahun 2019 dengan 21 sumber pustaka dan 11 sumber yang digunakan dalam menjelaskan mekanisme kandungan Serai. Tema yang dikumpulkan terkait dengan kandungan Serai dalam mengatasi selulitis. Hasil dari sintesis artikel yang telah ditemukan yaitu serai bermanfaat dalam mengatasi selulitis.

Kata kunci: antimikroba, daun serai, selulitis

THE POTENTION OF LEMONGRASS AS COMPLEMENTER THERAPY IN CELLULITIS

ABSTRACT

Cellulitis is an infectious disease that occurs in the skin, both skin and subcutaneous tissue. Clinical symptoms that appear can be in the form of acute symptoms such as erythema, pain, edema, inflammation suppuration, and systemic symptoms consisting of malaise, fever, chills, and local pain. The main cause of cellulitis is gram-positive cocci such as Streptococcus spp. or Staphyloccocus aureus. Lemongrass contains antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory which is good for helping to overcome cellulitis. The purpose of this literature assessment is to report the latest scientific findings about the role of collection. The method used in this article is a literature search method through the NCBI database and Google Scholar. The year of library resource contributions is from 1999 to 2019 with 21 library sources and 11 sources used in describing the Serai Theme resources collected related to Serai content in overcoming cellulitis. The results of the synthesis of articles that have been found that Lemongrass is useful in overcoming cellulitis.

Keywords: antimicroba, cellulitis, lemongrass
Twenty-year experience with SPECT/CT in nuclear medicine
Authors: Korol Pavlo , Tkachenko Mykola , Shcherbina Oleg
Published: May 2020

The review discusses the results of twenty years of experience using single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT). Hybrid imaging, including the use of SPECT in combination with CT, translates molecular and metabolic information directly onto the clinical effect of a wide range of diseases. At the same time, SPECT/CT further improve the diagnostic accuracy, specificity and positive prognostic value of nuclear medicine research. It was considered expedient to carry out a review of modern SPECT/CT applications, not only from the perspective of a diagnostic tool, but to integrate this modality into the clinical process. To this end, complex technological issues are being resolved for attracting new radiopharmaceuticals to use SPECT/CT, improving the quality of protocols for obtaining diagnostic images, quantifying them, as well as compiling protocols for dosimetry and radiation exposure that are beyond the scope of the current review. Key words: single-photon emission computed tomography, hybrid imaging, nuclear medicine, radiopharmaceutical.
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Benzidin-bis-tetrahydroacridine Analogues
Authors: Hrubaru Madalina Marina , Badiceanu Carmellina Daniela , Ekennia Anthony Chinonso , Okafor Sunday N. , Enache Cristian , Tarko Laszlo , Tecuceanu Victorita , Maganu Maria
Published: May 2020

Alzheimer�s is a progresive neurodegenerative disease that interferes with human cognitive ability, memory and behavior. The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes are major therapeutic routes for the treatment of Alzheimer disease. In the study, nevel bis-polymethylenquinoline-bis-carboxamides (3a-f) and bis-polymethylenquinoline-bis-carboxylic acids (5a-b) having as precursor benzidine, were obtained in good yields by Pfitzinger condensation reactions of bis-isatines with corresponding cyclanones. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, NMR and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the compounds were subjected to molecular docking dynamics simulations to ascertain their potentials as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Molecular docking simulations showed varied binding activities towards the two binding sites of acetylcholinesterase: 4EY7 and 1OCD, and human butyrylcholinesterase: 1P0I. Compounds 3e and 5b demostrated strong binding affinities with 1P0I, 1OCD and 4EY7 biotargets similar to the binding modes of donepezil and tacrine (co-crystallized inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase) and butyrate (co-crystallized inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase).
Removal of Cadmium(II) and Lead(II) from Water by Chemically Treated Citrullus lanatus Peels as Biosorbent in Cost Effective Way
Authors: Latif Shoomaila , Rehman Rabia , Imran Muhammad , Hussain Muhammad Sadiq , Iqbal Shahid , Mitu Liviu
Published: May 2020

This study presents the use of Citrullus lanatus peels for the removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) using batch mode. Their chemically modified acid and base treated forms were utilized for biosorption studies by optimizing all parameters. Results indicated that base modified Citrullus lanatus peels were more effective for removal of these metal ions. Removal efficiency for cadmium and lead was found to be 92.32-94.1 % and 91.94-92.58 %, respectively. Isothermal and thermodynamic investigations were carried out to find sorption mechanism and their suitability to use on bulk scale. Promising sorption capacity values for Cd(II) 19.310 mg/g and Pb(II) 25.775 mg/g, along with pseudo-second order mode and exothermic thermodynamic nature; all these favour their use for industrial scale water treatment.
Influence of Bioethanol Blends on Performances of a Micro Turbojet Engine
Authors: Cican Grigore , Deaconu Marius , Mirea Radu , Cucuruz Andrei Tiberiu
Published: May 2020

This paper proposes a study regarding the use of bioethanol as fuel for turbine engines used in aviation. For this purpose, three blends of 5, 10, and 15% concentrations of bioethanol mixed with Jet A fuel were tested on JET CAT P80 microturbo engine. During the engine testing, the following parameters were monitored: engine speed, generated force, temperature in front of the turbine, fuel volumetric flow rate, and vibration levels measured both on axial and radial direction. The tests were performed by maintaining the microturbo engine for about 1 min at three operating regimes: idle, cruise, and maximum speed. In addition, a comparative analysis between fuels for a test with the microturbo engine from the idle position to maximum position is presented. After the tests were conducted, a jet engine cycle analysis was performed at the max regime and the fuel specific consumption, the efficiency of the combustion chamber, and the thermal efficiency of the engine for each fuel blend were calculated. The tests were made without making any modifications to the engine components or automation system.
5-(Azulen-1-yldiazenyl)tetrazoles; Syntheses and Properties
Authors: Birzan Liviu , Cristea Mihaela , Tecuceanu Victorita , Hanganu Anamaria , Ungureanu Eleonora-Mihaela , Razus Alexandru C.
Published: May 2020

The tetrazole-5-diazonium salt, obtained by diazotizing 5-aminotetrazole in strong acid solution, was coupled with azulenes in the presence of pyridine to produce 5-(azulen-1-yldiazenyl)tetrazoles in good yields. The tetrazole moiety was monoalkylated in 1- and in 2- position using dimethyl sulfate for methylation and benzyl bromide for benzylation. The excess of alkylating agent generated in small amount tetrazole dialkylated salts. The synthesized compounds were characterized and some of their properties have been investigated, such as optical, magnetical and electrical.
Preliminary Study on Characterization of Edible Oils Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS)
Authors: Voica Cezara , Iordache Andreea Maria , Miricioiu Marius Gheorghe , Magdas Dana Alina , Cristea Gabriela
Published: May 2020

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to oils consumed by humans. The human body uses oils in the diet for three purposes: energy source, structural component and powerful biological regulators. Elemental profiling of macro-, essential elements constitutes an important tool for quality control in terms of nutritional values of these products. Regarding this, Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) determinations were performed to assess the quantitative complement of essential mineral and toxic metals content of different edible oil types, from Romania market, summing 33 samples, after microwave digestion. Additionally, the carbon stable isotope ratios (13C) were determined by Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) in order to differentiate the specific fingerprint of investigated oils.
Ceramic Nanofiltration Membrane Fouling: Application of Mathematical Modelling to the Use of Excitation Emission Matrix Spectroscopy
Authors: Dascalu Mihaela-Elena , Nedeff Florin , Sandu Ion , Mosnegutu Emilian , Sandu Andrei Victor , Lopez-Ramirez Juan Antonio
Published: May 2020

This paper presents a mathematical modeling for a series of experiments in which humic acid (AH) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were used, in order to visualize the amount of contaminant before and after the nanofiltration (NF) process, using Excitation Emission Matrix Spectroscopy (EEMS). It allows to a better understanding of membrane fouling. The membrane used for these experiments was a NF ceramic membrane made of titanium dioxide (TiO2). For the experimental determinations, a constant amount of 10 mg/L HA and different amounts of CaCl2, respectively 1, 2, 3 and 4 mmol/L were used, considering the working methodology presented in this article. The presence of the amount of contaminant in water was determined using the EEMS method using the FP-8300 Spectrophotometer, after which a spectral analysis was performed. TableCurve 3D software was used to make the mathematical models in order to ensure that the equations obtained had the same shape. The values of the correlation coefficients, corresponding to the generated equations, have values ranging from 0.91 to 0.93. In order to verify the mathematical models thus obtained, graphs of the difference between the surface obtained with the help of the mathematical models and the surface obtained by means of real data were drawn. In conclusion, it turns out that, the largest difference was obtained in the case of samples taken from the feed, with a maximum difference of 31 fluorescence intensity arbitrary units (a.u.), and for the samples taken from the permeate the deference is 14 fluorescence intensity a.u.
Osteosynthesis in Children with Titanium Elastic Nails in Ipsilateral Lower Limb Fractures
Authors: Trailescu Maria Daniela , Socea Bogdan , Gheorghiu Nicolae , Gheorghiu Diana , Dimitriu Mihai , Bacalbasa Nicolae , Pacu Irina , Cirstoveanu Catalin , Pavel Adrian Ionel , Pop Mircea Alexandru , Furau Cristian George
Published: May 2020

Although we often find isolated lower limb fractures of the femur or tibia in children, ipsilateral fracture of both femur and tibia is a rarity among the pediatric population. The ipsilateral limb fracture is a rare event even in the adult patient population. The mechanism involved is most often one with high energy. The issue for pediatric surgeons and orthopedic pediatric surgeon remains relevant, as reported by this clinical case, due to the optimal orthopedic treatment of pediatric patients in this cases undefined. The interest arises from it being a clinical case involving ipsilateral fracture of femur, tibia and fibula associated with multisystem trauma sustained by the child. Titanium seems to be the ideal osteosynthesis material, especially in children with polytrauma, considering its chemical biocompatibility properties (being an inert material) and physical, its elasticity.
Hot Water Extraction of Crude Polysaccharide from Codonopsis pilosula and Determination of the Rheological Properties
Authors: Yang Mingjun , Efehi Nehikhare , Jin Yongming , Zhang Qingchun , Ebadi Abdol Ghaffar , Toughani Mohsen
Published: May 2020

The extraction condition of crude polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula by hot water reflux method was studied and the results analyzed by kinetic model. Then, the extraction rate and maximum extraction temperature were determined. furthermore, the thermal and pH stability and the rheological properties of the crude polysaccharide were also studied. crude Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (CCPP) under different conditions was extracted by hot water reflux method, the content was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid and DNS method, and the kinetic model of the extraction process was established. The viscosity was determined under different solute concentration, salt concentration, rotation speed, pH, and temperature. The thermal stability and pH stability were determined; the protein content and sulfate ion content were determined by the coomassie brilliant blue method and barium sulfate turbidimetry method, respectively. The yield of CCPP by the hot water reflux method was 25.72%. At 50 oC, the maximum extraction concentration, the rate constant and the linear relationship between the rate constant and the time were obtained at different ratios of material to liquid. The extraction process of this experiment coincided with Fick`s second law, R2 was greater than 0.88 and with the increase of extraction time, the dissolution rate increased, but with the increase of the ratio of material to liquid, the dissolution rate was decreased. CCPP showed a loss of polysaccharide fluidity as temperature increased and was affected by pH change. The apparent viscosity was affected by a change in solute concentration, temperature, pH, rotation speed and salt and sucrose concentrations.
Oxidative Stress Level in Onco-Surgical Treatment Dynamics at Patients with Malignant Colo-Rectal Tumors
Authors: Gruia Maria Iuliana , Marinescu Serban , Predescu Dragos , Jinescu George , Socea Bogdan , Gruia Ion
Published: May 2020

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common human malignancies, affecting one of 20 persons in areas with high socio-economic standard. In Romania, the frequency of colorectal cancer is growing rapidly placing the country among countries with an average incidence of the disease. There are some etiologic factors involved and treatment of disease is carried out after proper staging. Biochemical mechanisms underlying malignant transformation in colorectal cancer are not all fully understood, therefore our work trying to enter in the path of oxygen metabolism at patients surgically treated. The aim of the study is to follow the production of active metabolites of oxygen, in the dynamics of the surgical procedure, and how the endogenous natural protection systems are activated, following the invasive procedure. Oxidative stress biochemistry assays, realized before and after surgical excision showed a direct relationship between the production of reactive oxygen species and the presence of tumor, without being able to distinguish exactly if malignant tissue is able to induce oxidative stress, or the latter occurs due to neoplastic changes. Based on the results we can say with certainty that the reactive oxygen species ROS primary attack occurs in the lipids, and then the proteins, following activation of endogenous antioxidant defence.
Biochemical, Clinical and Prevalence Characteristics of Chronic Kidney Disease Secondary to Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Baaj Teim , Botoca Mircea , Cretu Octavian Marius , Abu-Awwad Ahmed , Ardeleanu Elena , Musta Ioan , Tilea Ioan , Baaj Shamsa , Sima Laurentiu , Paunescu Andrei , Rusmir Andrei , Latcu Silviu , Plesa Sebastian , Protesi Adina Elena , Cumpanas Alin
Published: May 2020

Hypertension has been recognized as an important cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). As the most important part of the hypertensive patients are managed in primary care, implementation of routine early detection of CKD by determination of albuminuria and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at this level is essential for diagnosis and prevention. The present study demonstrated that prevalence of chronic kidney disease in hypertensive patients was 13.32%, being higher in female than men, with old age and in the presence of diabetes mellitus and associated cardiovascular diseases. The reduction of the eGFR depended significant statistically on age, gender and presence of diabetes mellitus, while albuminuria depended on the presence of diabetes and old age. Early detection of CKD in hypertensive patients permits optimal treatment of cardiovascular risk factors, especially concerning the reduction of high blood pressure, therapy with renin-angiotensin system blockers in order to reduce albuminuria and the progression of eGFR decline and treatment of hyperlipidaemia.
New Diatomite Filler for Improvement of Paper Strength Properties
Authors: Shang Wei , Han Haoran , Liang Hunan
Published: May 2020

In this work, diatomite particles were modified to improve the bondability of diatomite particles with pulp fibers and filler retention via a complex of cationic starch-sodium hexametaphosphate coating method. The particle size, FTIR spectroscopy characteristic and morphology of the resulting modified diatomite were studied to confirm the successful modification. The SEM results illustrated that the surface of modified diatomite particles was covered by the complex coatings. The coating efficiency of the complex of cationic starch-sodium hexametaphosphate on diatomite surface was up to 98%. Compared with the handsheet filled unmodified diatomite, the handsheet filled with modified diatomite had higher strength properties and lower bulk. When cationic starch dosage was 7%, and filler dosage was 25% , the resulting tensile strength of filled modified diatomite handsheet was 22.1% higher than the handsheet filled unmodified diatomite. Furthermore, with the filler loading of 30%, compared with that of unmodified diatomite, filler retention of modified diatomite was increased by 20.4%. The larger particle size and higher zeta potential of modified diatomite were benefitial to increase retention of modified diatomite filler.
„Arvīd, uz kurieni Tu aizgāji?”: Arvīda Griguļa personības loma Rakstnieku savienības vēsturē
Authors: Eversone Madara
Published: May 2020

The article aims to highlight the role of Arvīds Grigulis’ (1906–1989) personality in the Latvian Soviet literary process in the context of the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union, attempting to discover the contradictions and significance of Arvīds Grigulis’ personality. Arvīds Grigulis was a long-time member of the Writers’ Union, a member of the Soviet nomenklatura, and an authority of the soviet literary process. His evaluations of pre-soviet literary heritage and writings of his contemporaries were often harsh and ruthless, and also influenced the development of the further literary process.
The article is based on the documents of the Central Committee of the Latvian Communist Party, the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union and the Communist Party local organization of the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union that are available at the Latvian State Archive of the National Archives of Latvia, as well as memories of Grigulis’ contemporaries.
It is concluded that the personality of the writer Arvīds Grigulis, although unfolding less in the context of the Writers’ Union, is essential for the exploration of the soviet literary process and events behind the scenes.
The article mainly describes events and episodes taking place until 1965, when Arvīds Grigulis’ influence in the Writers’ Union was more remarkable. Individual and further studies should analyse changes and the impact of his decisions in the cultural process of the 70s and 80s of the 20th century.
Andreja Johansona jaunības gadu Rīga: atmiņas un kultūrvēsturiskas impresijas
Authors: Daukste-Silasproģe Inguna
Published: May 2020

The article focuses on two books of the poet, essayist, cultural historian Andrejs Johansons (1922–1983), contemplations and reminiscences “Rīgas svārki mugurā” (‘Dressed in Riga suit’, 1966) and “Visi Rīgas nami skan” (‘All the Houses of Riga are Ringing’, 1970). On the one hand, they include a very personal (biographical) layer of memory, and, on the other, they can also be viewed in the context of collective memory, as they are associated with the memories of many refugees of the World War II – about the lost Latvia, Riga and home.
In May 1945, Johansons, leaving Kurzeme and Liepāja by one of the last refugee boats, also took with him the memories that were later recounted in the two books. The sense of belonging to a place is important for the author; this feeling is symbolically reflected in the titles of both books. But this belonging to a place becomes more capacious – it includes events, memories and a certain time of life.
While writing these books, Johansons was able to return to Riga to see it with the eyes of his youth. In both books, Johansons has marked (almost topographically marked on the map) places where he had lived and walked, and studied, enriching these places with a broader context. On the one hand, they are youth memories, and on the other, they are the unfulfilled craving and lost paradise of a long-lived, wise and educated exile. The significant value of both books is the wide cultural and historical background, historical digressions, thorough source studies and research, and a panoramic view of Riga, the capital of Latvia.
The memory and reflection books about Riga by Johansons are changing, and because of this changing character, they are more than just memories. They are rich cultural, historical, and personal sketches. They make it possible to feel and even visually see Riga of the late 20s to early 40s of the 20th century. These books can inspire a 21st-century reader, a resident of Riga; they can stimulate to explore and find out about the city through its historical changes. The two books have become encyclopaedic editions that vividly and amply reveal the time, era, historical and cultural context, personalities and their destinies.
Johansons’s books about Riga encourage us to look at the image of Riga in the literary works and memories of other writers, gaining a more colourful view.
Julián del Casal
Authors: Armas Emilio de
Published: May 2020

Este ensayo se enfoca en una serie de crónicas escritas por el poeta cubano Julián del Casal, en las que La Habana de las ejecuciones públicas y de los actos de represión cotidiana de finales del siglo XIX es transformada en virtud de las palabras. Reaccionando contra una ciudad que encarnaba la descomposición de la estructura colonial, Casal imagina La Habana como la fiesta de los disfraces modernistas, un espacio que existe por obra no de las máscaras de yeso y de cartón, sino de la palabra capaz de crear todas las máscaras.
ПСИХОЛІНГВІСТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ НАВЧАННЯ ПИСЬМОВОГО ПЕРЕКЛАДУ ЮРИДИЧНИХ ДОКУМЕНТІВ
Authors: Богайчук О.С.
Published: May 2020

У статті розкрито суть психолінгвістичної основи навчання письмового перекладу юридичних документів. Зазначено особливості перекладу текстів, які належать до галузі юриспруденції. Акцентовано на складності перекладу юридичних документів, яка полягає в тому, що з одного боку –  це мова професіоналів, а з іншого –  цю мову мають розуміти перекладачі, які не є фахівцями в галузі юриспруденції ні своєї країни, ні країни мови, яку перекладають, але від яких залежить юридичне порозуміння на міжмовному рівні. Розглянуто вимоги до письмового перекладу юридичних документів та фази його здійснення. Проаналізовано психологічні та лінгвістичні труднощі процесу письмового перекладу юридичних документів, у якому задіяні мовні явища та психологічні процеси. Лінгвістичне зображення цього процесу неодмінно супроводжується його психолінгвістичним описом. З’ясовано, що письмовий переклад юридичних документів – це складний психолінгвістичний, інтегрований когнітивний процес, який складається з психічних операцій сприйняття, інтерпретації, розуміння та породження. Базується на рецептивно-репродуктивній діяльності мислення і на лінгвістичних та лінгвокультурних знаннях перекладача, тому вимагає розробки відповідного навчання для майбутніх філологів. Методи, обрані викладачем під час навчання, повинні враховувати психолінгвістичні особливості письмового перекладу юридичних документів. Оскільки це предметна галузь перекладу, до якої існують особливі вимоги. Тексти вихідної та цільової мов розглядаються в абсолютно різних правових системах, отже, у них повинні використовуватися різні формулювання, характерні для кожної з мов. Однак при цьому ці формулювання повинні бути зрозумілі обом сторонам і нести в собі однаковий зміст. У результаті перекладачеві необхідно розбиратися не тільки в юридичній термінології своєї країни, а й країни-носія вихідної мови.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ НАУКОВО-ДОСЛІДНОЇ РОБОТИ СТУДЕНТІВ У ВІТЧИЗНЯНИХ ТА ЗАРУБІЖНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Плахотнік О.В.
Published: May 2020

На сучасному етапі розвитку професійної освіти науково-дослідна робота є одним із пріоритетних компонентів професійної підготовки, вагомим чинником забезпечення високої якості вищої освіти, підвищення конкурентоздатності університетської освіти України. Основною метою вищої освіти є підготовка кваліфікованого фахівця відповідного рівня та профілю, конкурентоздатного на ринку праці, компетентного, який вільно володіє професією та орієнтується в суміжних галузях діяльності, готового до постійного професійного росту, соціальної та професійної мобільності. Одним із шляхів вирішення зазначеної проблеми є оновлення вищої освіти, перенесення уваги з процесу навчання на його результат, орієнтація змісту й організації навчання на компетентнісний підхід і пошук ефективних механізмів його запровадження шляхом модернізації навчального процесу, самостійної та науково-дослідної роботи студентів.

Виняткового значення набуває внесення суттєвих змін в існуючу систему професійної підготовки майбутніх викладачів, зокрема, надання професійній педагогіці дослідницького характеру, її спрямованості на пошук нових альтернативних і прогресивних ідей удосконалення й розвитку професійної адаптації майбутніх викладачів до розробки перспективних інноваційних концепцій і технологій успішного залучення студентів до професійно спрямованої науково-дослідної роботи.

Ставлячи за мету підготовку фахівця-науковця, основним завданням визначаємо планування науково-дослідної роботи таким чином, щоб цей процес проходив безперервно, починаючи з першого курсу навчання в університеті. Початок навчання студента має стати своєрідною школою основ наукової культури, самопізнання, саморегуляції майбутнього дослідника. Викладачі вищої школи повинні активно послуговуватися інтерактивними методами навчання, проблемним викладом матеріалу, привчаючи студентів до ефективного застосування відповідних компетенцій  для аналізу та вирішення проблем, давати творчі завдання, які вимагають використання набутих пошукових і дослідницьких умінь та навичок.
АВТОРСЬКА МОДЕЛЬ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНФОРМАТИЧНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ В МАЙБУТНІХ ПЕДАГОГІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Базиль С. М.
Published: May 2020

У статті представлено результати наукового дослідження процесу формування інформатичної компетентності в майбутніх спеціалістів, зокрема педагогів професійного навчання в закладах вищої освіти (ЗВО), відтворено особливості об’єкта дослідження на прикладі розробленої педагогічної моделі та встановлено взаємозв’язки між системними елементами процесу формування інформатичної компетентності. Основою статті є висвітлення думок значної кількості науковців щодо педагогічної моделі, яка показує взаємозв'язки між елементами досліджуваного процесу та їхню взаємозалежність, а також надає можливість з'ясувати й виокремити важливі характеристики аналізованого об'єкта і його функціювання.

Піл час аналізу науково-педагогічної літератури було визначено складові частини педагогічної моделі формування інформатичної компетентності майбутніх педагогів професійного навчання та виокремлено педагогічні умови й блоки педагогічної моделі. З огляду на теоретичний аналіз, можна сказати, що педагогічна модель має такі взаємопов’язані між собою блоки: цільовий – містить мету, завдання, підходи (системний, синергетичний, компетентнісний, діяльнісний, інтердисциплінарний, акмеологічний) й принципи (загальнодидактичні, специфічні); змістовий – включає компоненти інформатичної компетентності (мотиваційно-ціннісний, когнітивний, діяльнісно-професійний, оцінювально-рефлексивний), зміст, етапи, форми і методи навчання; результативно-оцінювальний – включає критерії, показники й рівні, які сприяють отриманню конкретного результату, тобто сформованості інформатичної компетентності майбутніх педагогів професійного навчання під час підготовки у ЗВО.

На основі аналізу науково-педагогічної літератури розроблена педагогічна модель, яка є цілком працездатною й спрямована на формування інформатичної компетентності в майбутніх педагогів професійного навчання. Також вона є поштовхом до розробки організаційно-методичного забезпечення й спецкурсу запропонованої моделі формування інформатичної компетентності майбутніх педагогів професійного навчання під час підготовки в закладах вищої освіти.