bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond change scores: Employing an improved statistical approach to analyze the impact of entry fitness on physical performance during British Army basic training in men and women
Authors: Maroni Tessa D. , Siddall Andrew G. , Rue Carla A. , Needham‐Beck Sarah C. , Walker Faye S. , Greeves Julie P. , Wardle Sophie L. , Fieldhouse Anne , Myers Stephen D. , Blacker Sam D.
Published: March 2024

The aim was to use a robust statistical approach to examine whether physical fitness at entry influences performance changes between men and women undertaking British Army basic training (BT). Performance of 2 km run, seated medicine ball throw (MBT) and isometric mid‐thigh pull (MTP) were assessed at entry and completion of Standard Entry (SE), Junior Entry‐Short (JE‐Short), and Junior Entry‐Long (JE‐Long) training for 2350 (272 women) recruits. Performance change was analyzed with entry performance as a covariate (ANCOVA), with an additional interaction term allowing different slopes for courses and genders (p < 0.05). Overall, BT courses saw average improvements in 2 km run performance (SE: −6.8% [−0.62 min], JE‐Short: −4.6% [−0.43 min], JE‐Long: −7.7% [−0.70 min]; all p < 0.001) and MBT (1.0–8.8% [0.04–0.34 m]; all p < 0.05) and MTP (4.5–26.9% [6.5–28.8 kg]; all p < 0.001). Regression models indicate an expected form of “regression to the mean” whereby test performance change was negatively associated with entry fitness in each course (those with low baseline fitness exhibit larger training improvements; all interaction effects: p < 0.001,  > 0.006), particularly for women. However, when matched for entry fitness, men displayed considerable improvements in all tests, relative to women. Training courses were effective in developing recruit physical fitness, whereby the level of improvement is, in large part, dependent on entry fitness. Factors including age, physical maturity, course length, and physical training, could also contribute to the variability in training response between genders and should be considered when analyzing and/or developing physical fitness in these cohorts for future success of military job‐task performance.
Diagnostic and grading criteria for androgenetic alopecia using dermoscopy
Authors: Wang Yuting , Ding Wei , Yao Manxue , Li Yan , Wang Miaomiao , Wang Lu , Li Zonghui , Sun Shiquan , Yang Mengyao , Zhu Yueqian , Zhou Naihui
Published: March 2024

Objectives

To establish accurate and objective dermoscopic diagnostic criteria and grading standards for males and females with androgenetic alopecia (AGA).

Methods

Twenty patients each with AGA, diffuse alopecia areata, telogen effluvium, and healthy controls were enrolled in the current study. In addition, 60 patients with grades F1/V1, F2/V2, and F3/V3 AGA (20 cases each) were enrolled. The patients underwent dermoscopic examinations. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic criteria were based on the 60 AGA and 60 non‐AGA. In addition, 150 patients diagnosed with AGA clinically and by dermoscopy were enrolled to calculate the accuracy of the grading criteria.

Results

The diagnostic criteria included primary, secondary, and exclusion criteria. The grading criteria included three indices, which divided the severity of AGA into grades 1, 2, and 3. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic criteria were 98.3% and 96.7% respectively. The accuracy of grade 1, 2, and 3 dermoscopic grading criteria were 96%, 92%, and 100% respectively, with a total accuracy of 96%.

Limitations

To test the diagnostic and grading criteria, more patients need to be collected.

Conclusions

The dermoscopic diagnostic and grading criteria are objective with good accuracy, which could provide a reasonable basis for the early diagnosis, grading treatment, and improved prognosis for AGA.
Achieving electoral equity after Brnovich: A case study of Native activism in Nevada
Authors: Schroedel Jean , Dietrich Joseph , Lindgren David , Rogers Melissa
Published: March 2024

Objective

We examine the role of local election officials in voter suppression of Native Americans and opportunities for legal redress using state law.

Methods

We present a case study of the Shoshone and Paiute Tribal leaders, Native activists, and lawyers in Elko County, Nevada, to provide electoral access on the Duck Valley Reservation.

Results

We document the successful legal strategy against Elko County officials in state court following a newly adopted provision of the state constitution that committed Nevada to providing “equal access to the elections system without discrimination.”

Conclusion

This case study is a reminder of the discretionary power wielded by local election officials in the United States, and it presents a potential roadmap for fighting voting abuses using state laws and courts following the Supreme Court's Brnovich v. Democratic Central Committee (2021) ruling.
Clinical outcomes of 20 brachycephalic dogs with thoracolumbar spinal deformities causing neurological signs treated with spinal stabilization using 3D‐printed patient‐specific drill guides
Authors: Violini Francesca , Elford James H. , Cardy Thomas J. A. , Oxley Bill , Craig Andrew , Behr Sebastien
Published: March 2024

Objective

To describe the clinical outcomes for pugs and French bulldogs with congenital vertebral malformations, undergoing thoracolumbar spinal stabilization surgery using 3D‐printed patient‐specific drill guides. To evaluate the accuracy of pedicle screw placement in this group of dogs.

Study design

Retrospective descriptive study.

Animals

Twenty dogs (12 pugs and eight French bulldogs).

Methods

Medical records searched between August 2018 and March 2021 for pugs and French bulldogs diagnosed with congenital vertebral abnormalities via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and computed tomography (CT) scan causing T3‐L3 myelopathy signs that underwent spinal stabilization surgery using 3D‐printed patient‐specific drill guides followed by a postoperative CT scan. The short‐term outcome was based on the neurological grade (modified Frankel score—MFS) on the day after surgery, day of discharge, and at the follow‐up examination at 4 to 6 weeks after surgery. The mid‐term outcome was obtained via an online questionnaire (or direct examination in one case).

Results

Twenty dogs met the inclusion criteria (19/20 grade 2 MFS, 1/20 grade 4 MFS). No complications were reported in the immediate postoperative period and optimal pedicle screw placement was obtained in 169/201 of screws. Twenty‐four hours after surgery 16/20 dogs displayed an unchanged neurological grade. Short‐term outcomes revealed a static (17/20) or improved (2/20) neurological grade. Ten owners participated in the online questionnaire. All patients were reported to be ambulatory; however, 7/10 dogs displayed abnormal gait. Neurological signs had remained static (6/10) or improved (3/10) in comparison with the dogs' preoperative status at a median of 883.5 days from the surgery.

Conclusion

Dogs in this study had a favorable short‐term outcome and mid‐term outcome evaluation revealed a static/improved neurological status.

Clinical significance

Thoracolumbar spinal stabilization surgery using 3D‐printed patient‐specific drill guides showed a favorable outcome in brachycephalic breeds affected by vertebral deformities.
FORMULATING AND CHARACTERIZING AN OIL-IN-WATER PALM OIL FREE FATTY ACID-BASED NANOEMULSIONS FOR CRUDE OIL EXTRACTION PERFORMANCE
Authors: Aladin Muhamad Afif Naqiudien , Bahrun Mohd Hardyianto Vai , Kamin Zykamilia , Zakaria Zainal , Bono Awang
Published: March 2024

Nanoemulsion is a promising medium for chemically enhanced oil recovery (cEOR) due to its ability to reduce interfacial tension and modify the wettability of reservoir rocks. This work focuses on formulating stable oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions through high-energy ultrasonication method, with oleic acid as the primary component and is stabilized with a non-ionic Tween 40 surfactant in distilled water. Systematic experimental designs, employing response surface methodology (RSM), were implemented to develop polynomial models for various responses related to the dynamic and stability properties, and crude oil extraction performance. The p-value indicator (p-value < 0.05) is utilized to assess the significance of the models and independent variables. Overall, the formulation for achieving the lowest surface tension involves 0.41 wt.% oleic acid mixed with 0.81 wt.% Tween 40 at 60 °C. Meanwhile, the highest viscosity attained with 1.0 wt.% oleic acid mixed with 1.0 wt.% Tween 40 at 30 °C. For stable nanoemulsion, the best conditions are 1.69 wt.% oleic acid, sonicated for 15 minutes at 25 °C. Additionally, an optimal condition for effective crude oil extraction is at nanoemulsion preparation with sonication time of 15 minutes and contact time of 12 hours in the immersion experiment. To this end, this work contributes valuable insights into the formulation and characterization of stable oleic acid O/W nanoemulsions for potential EOR applications. The findings enhance understanding of nanoemulsion properties and their potential as effective agents in crude oil recovery.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AMINO ACIDS PROFILE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ENZYMATIC PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE FROM Bohadschia marmorata SEA CUCUMBER
Authors: Wenno Max Robinson , Rieuwpassa Fredrik , Willem Kaya Adrianus Ories , Wattimena Martha Luana , Elsina Martha Nanlohy Esterlina Elisabeth , Tisera June Christina
Published: March 2024

The sea cucumber is one of the potential sub-exports of fisheries. Sea cucumbers contain highly nutritious and bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antibacterial, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities. Protein hydrolysates from sea cucumbers have the potential as antioxidants with the ability to reduce free radicals. The objective of this research is to examine the chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of protein hydrolysates from Bohadschia marmorata sea cucumber. The research method used in this study was experimental and laboratory analysis. The results showed that the chemical composition of fresh Bohadschia marmorata sea cucumber had high moisture content (80.45 %), ash content (4.12 %), low fat content (6.17 %), and low protein content (8.96 %). This could be due to the environmental conditions and nutrient absorption by Bohadschia marmorata sea cucumbers. Fifteen types of amino acids with a total of 53.81 % were obtained from this study. The yield obtained for crude papain enzyme concentration was 16.26 %, and for pure papain enzyme concentration, it was 11.23 %. The antioxidant activity with IC50 > 200 indicates very weak antioxidant activity, and the resulting molecular weight reached 73.93 kDa
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Training Studies, Vol. 12, No. 2
Authors: Smith Robert
Published: March 2024

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 12, Number 2Alphonce John Amuli, ADEM, TanzaniaAnoma Samanthi Perera, Australian College of Business and Technology, Sri LankaAshraf Elsafty, Eslsca University, EgyptChosang Tendhar, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, USAChris Mutseekwa, Bindura University of Science Education, ZimbabweEbrahim Mohammadpour, Farhangian University , IranEhab Gouda Tolba, Dr_ehabtolba@hotmail.com, EgyptFathia Lahwal, Elmergib University, LibyaHassan Shaaban, Atomic energy Authority, EgyptHossein Chaharbashloo, Kharazmi University, IranJacinthe Rihan, Ain Shams University, EgyptJane Liang, California Department of Education, USAJingwu Yao, Business School of Yulin Normal University, ChinaJoel Maligaya Cuadra, NU Laguna, PhilippinesJohn Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, UKJohn Mark Asio, Gordon College, PhilippinesJonathan Chitiyo, University of Pittsburgh Bradford, USAJulio Cesar André, Center for Studies and Development of Health Education-CEDES, BrazilKatya De Giovanni, University of Malta, MaltaKendall Hartley, University of Nevada, USALinda J. Rappel, Yorkville University/University of Calgary, CanadaMaurizio Sajeva, Pellervo Economic Research PTT, FinlandMichael Baron, University of Melbourne, AustraliaNiveen M. Zayed, MENA College of Management, JordanRichard H. Martin, Mercer University, USARichard Penny, University of Washington Bothell, USASelloane Pitikoe, University of Eswatini, EswatiniSenem Seda Şahenk Erkan, Marmara University, TurkeyShanita L. Pettaway, University of South Alabama, USASijia Liu, South China Normal University, ChinaStamatis Papadakis, University of Crete, GreeceRobert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of, The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAE-mail: jets@redfame.comURL: http://jets.redfame.com
Solutions of the sl2${\mathfrak {sl}_2}$qKZ equations modulo an integer
Authors: Mukhin Evgeny , Varchenko Alexander
Published: March 2024

We study the qKZ difference equations with values in the th tensor power of the vector representation , variables , and integer step . For any integer relatively prime to the step , we construct a family of polynomials in variables with values in such that the coordinates of these polynomials with respect to the standard basis of are polynomials with integer coefficients. We show that satisfy the qKZ equations modulo . Polynomials are modulo analogs of the hypergeometric solutions of the qKZ given in the form of multidimensional Barnes integrals.
Genus 0 logarithmic and tropical fixed‐domain counts for Hirzebruch surfaces
Authors: Cela Alessio , Iribar López Aitor
Published: March 2024

For a non‐singular projective toric variety , the virtual logarithmic Tevelev degrees are defined as the virtual degree of the morphism from the moduli stack of logarithmic stable maps to the product . In this paper, after proving that Mikhalkin's correspondence theorem holds in genus 0 for logarithmic virtual Tevelev degrees, we use tropical methods to provide closed formulas for the case in which is a Hirzebruch surface. In order to do so, we explicitly list all the tropical curves contributing to the count.
Ultrasonography in plantar fibromatosis: the conduit between heel pain and ‘catwalk’
Authors: Aksakal Mahmud Fazıl , Abdulsalam Ahmad Jasem , Akıncı Ayşen , Kara Murat , Özçakar Levent
Published: March 2024

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The why, the what and the so what of a qualitative empirical research article
Authors: Hoeyer Klaus , Bearman Margaret
Published: March 2024

The medical literature is dominated by clinical and laboratory sciences, and therefore, the social studies of medicine genre will be harder to decipher for health professional education researchers from a clinical background and other similar newcomers. In the medical literature, the typical format for articles follows a strict sequence known as Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion, or simply the IMRaD format. In social studies of medicine, however, qualitative research articles are typically less clearly structured. Headings and subheadings are used to communicate the argument but do not necessarily carry titles that easily match the IMRaD elements. This is made more confusing when many qualitative researchers propagate a sense of “anything goes” (more or less) in terms of structure in order to give space for creativity. However, while it is true that there are not strict rules, the idea that there are no conventions at all can sometimes lead novice qualitative researchers astray, and they can become overly creative. Articles in the field of the social study of medicine (especially anthropology, sociology, science and technology studies (STS) and qualitative public health) do, in most cases, follow a particular logic and structure. This paper is about that hidden structure and the logic that justifies it. Its aim is to help newcomers to the field to build their arguments well and to assist people in other areas of medicine to better understand qualitative research articles.
Understanding how pharmacy, occupational therapy and nursing-midwifery students utilise lectures as learning opportunities: A mixed methods study informing post-COVID-19 pandemic return to campus
Authors: Malone Daniel , Connell Clifford , Hewitt Alana , Brown Ted
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Many universities switched to distance learning in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. As universities move to a post-COVID-19 normal, it is important for educators to be aware of what factors influence learners’ face-to-face lecture attendance. This study investigated what factors impacted nursing-midwifery, pharmacy and occupational therapy students’ pre-COVID-19 lecture attendance.
Methods: Using a positivist mixed-methods approach, third-year nursing-midwifery (n = 350), pharmacy (n = 24) and occupational therapy (n = 42) students completed a survey with quantitative and open-ended questions that asked students about what factors influenced them to attend and not attend face-to-face lectures. T-tests and Spearman correlations were used to analyse the quantitative data. A qualitative inductive approach was used to code the open-ended questions response data into themes.
Results: Occupational therapy and pharmacy students were more positive about the lectures in their programs than nursing-midwifery students. They also valued lecture quality and style more than nursing-midwifery students, who valued a convenient schedule. All three student cohorts valued engaging and enthusiastic lecturers and reported similar reasons for lecture attendance regarding the physical learning environment, other life- and work-related time commitments and the commuting distance to campus.
Conclusions: While there was agreement on many factors affecting lecture attendance across the three student cohorts, occupational therapy and pharmacy students placed more value on lecture style and presentation, whilst nursing-midwifery students placed more importance on when lectures were scheduled. These results have and will inform factors to consider regarding on campus lecture attendance post-COVID.
Delphi consensus exercise to determine a genetics and genomics curriculum for primary medical degree in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Kenwright Diane , Kuruppu Nisal , Cornwall Jon , Print Cristin , Lindt Thierry , Grainger Rebecca , Thunders Michelle
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Genetics and genomics are of increasing importance in diagnosis and treatment of patients. We aimed to determine relevant genetics and genomics curricular content and learning objectives for contemporary New Zealand medical graduates.
Methods: International and national undergraduate medical genetics curricula were identified and learning outcomes collated. Invited New Zealand subject experts (n = 58) contributed further learning objectives, with final pool of 73 learning objectives. A survey-based, two-round Delphi process was used to gain consensus on the level of learning for each learning objective. Learning outcomes with consensus for learning greater than “in some depth” or “in detail” were included in the proposed curriculum.
Results: The response rate for the Delphi rounds were 41% (n = 24/58) and 29% (n = 17/58) for Rounds 1 and 2, respectively. Experts reached consensus on retaining 58/60 (97%) of proposed learning objectives that were to be learned to at least “some depth”. Learning objectives in interprofessional skills, pharmacogenetics, clinical reasoning and information management were retained but refined. Learning outcomes : taking an appropriate genetic history, understanding cultural tenets connected to whakapapa (genealogy), an understanding of DNA samples and genomic data being taonga (sacred), the application of genetic data to Māori and other Indigenous populations and the role of genetics in colonisation and racism and their impact on healthcare.
Conclusions: Learning objectives for contemporary medical genetics curricula should consider including those focusing on Indigenous health. Findings highlight the necessity of timely re-evaluation of medical curricula.
Navigating the opportunities of service-learning placements: An exploration of benefits to host organisations of allied health service-learning placements
Authors: Irvine-Brown Laura , Broadbridge Jacqueline , Campbell Shawna , Robinson Keith , Clanchy Kelly , Baque Emmah , Headrick Jonathon
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Service-learning placements are growing in allied health education programs. Within these placements, students bring their disciplinary perspective to work with an organisation on an identified project or need; as such, there should be equal weighting between student learning and service outcomes. Ensuring such reciprocity is essential to sustainable placement partnerships and is also an obligation of universities, considering their function of contributing to their communities. Yet there is limited research exploring organisational benefits of allied health service-learning placements. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the organisational benefits of hosting university students on allied health service-learning placements and how such benefits could be maximised.
Methods: Over 50 students from three different allied health disciplines attended a discipline-specific allied health service-learning placement at a school or childcare centre. Sixteen organisations hosted students between 2018 and 2021. Staff (n = 7) from seven of these organisations engaged in semi-structured interviews about their experiences hosting students. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed.
Results: Findings were grouped into themes: benefits, resources, student-placement “fit” and supporting stakeholders. Six participants found the placements beneficial, and benefits appeared closely tied to the resources students produced. Organisational benefits may be increased through greater attention to student–placement fit and better supporting stakeholders.
Conclusions: The findings support the potential organisational benefits of service-learning student placements but highlight that achieving benefits cannot be assumed. To maximise the opportunities of service-learning placements, they should involve purposeful partnering, extensive preparation and clear communication between host organisations and universities.
Teaching robots the art of human social synchrony
Authors: Jack Rachael E.
Published: March 2024

Humanoid robots can now learn the art of social synchrony using neural networks.
Supplemental Material: Deep-time thermal history of the Great Unconformity in the Grand Canyon, USA: Combined zircon (U-Th)/He and K-feldspar 40Ar/39Ar thermochronometers
Authors: Thurston O.G. , et al.
Published: March 2024

Additional modeling methodology and results. In particular the Supplemental Material contains comparisons of measured versus modeled (U-Th)/He zircon ages modeled in both QTQt and HeFTy, detailed Ar/Ar MDD modeling methods, Domain 2 QTQt models, and an assessment of grain selection for HeFTy models.
Supplemental Material: Miocene vanishing of the Central American Seaway between the Panamá Arc and the South American Plate
Authors: Vallejo-Hincapié Felipe , et al.
Published: March 2024

Supplemental Data S1.
Raman Spectroscopy of Na3Co2SbO6
Authors: Ponosov Yu. S. , Komleva E. V. , Pankrushina E. A. , Mikhailova D. , Streltsov S. V.
Published: March 2024

Raman spectroscopy together with density functional calculations were used to study lattice dynamics in a layered honeycomb cobaltite Na3Co2SbO6, which can host a field-induced phase related with the Kitaev physics. We show that there develops an additional mode well above Neel temperature (at $$ \approx {\kern 1pt} 200$$ K) at 525 cm–1, which origin can be related to electronic excitation to one of $${{j}_{{3/2}}}$$ doublets. Moreover, our theoretical calculations demonstrate that the highest frequency intensive mode related to the oxygen vibrations is very sensitive to type of the magnetic order. Thus, we propose to use the softening of this mode as a hallmark of the transition to a fully polarized regime, which is stabilized in Kitaev materials in strong magnetic fields.
Kink crystal
Authors: Bazeia D. , Santiago G. S.
Published: March 2024

We describe a one-dimensional kink crystal, which represents a collection of equal and equally localized kinks forming a lattice in the real axis. The results are analytical, original and may motivate other studies on localized structures in high energy physics.
Four-component combined integrable equations possessing bi-Hamiltonian formulations
Authors: Ma Wen-Xiu
Published: March 2024

This paper aims to generate a Liouville integrable Hamiltonian hierarchy by introducing a specific matrix eigenvalue problem with four components. The adopted approach is the zero curvature formulation. A bi-Hamiltonian formulation is furnished through applying the trace identity, which shows the Liouville integrability of the resulting hierarchy. Two examples of generalized combined nonlinear Schrödinger equations and modified Korteweg–de Vries equations are presented.
On the rising dynamics of a Taylor bubble in sudden/gradual expansion tubes filled with viscoelastic liquids
Authors: Li Yunsong , Ba Qixin , Yuan Wenjun , Mei Mei , Zhang Jia
Published: March 2024

In this paper, the rise behaviors of Taylor bubbles are investigated in sudden/gradual tubes filled with viscoelastic media via grid adaptive direct numerical simulations (DNS). The exponential Phan–Thien–Tanner (PTT) constitutive model is used to describe the viscoelastic rheological characteristics, and the phase interface is captured via the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The effects of tube structure (diameter ratio and structural angle) and fluid elasticity (expressed by the Weissenberg number Wi) on bubble dynamics have been studied. Our results indicate that bubbles are prone to rupture in the expansion tubes, mainly due to the dual effects of the wall and the elastic relaxation. The fluid elasticity suppresses the jet effect in a sudden expansion tube. Meantime, as the structural angle or the diameter ratio increases, the wall effect is weakened on axial or radial scales, inhibiting the bubble rupture. A large structure angle attenuates the wall effect, while changes in the diameter ratio slow down the radial momentum transfer near the wall region, both of which favor bubble integrity. We also obtain an exponential relationship between the critical rupture time and the structure angle. The dynamical Taylor bubbles can be operated by the structure of the tube and surrounding fluid viscoelasticity, which is of great significance in chemical engineering applications involving complex non-Newtonian fluids.
MAXIMIZING OPPORTUNITIES FOR LEARNING ABOUT RESEARCH-BASED SOCIAL WORK DURING PLACEMENT THROUGH AGENCY-UNIVERSITY PARTNERSHIPS
Authors: SHARDLOW STEVEN M.
Published: March 2024

This paper provides an exploration of the ways in which partnerships between universities and social work agencies can deliver a research-based approach for students during their placement. The placement/practicum/field education has been recognized as the “signature” pedagogy of social work. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has forced practitioners and educators to explore different and creative ways of delivering learning outcomes during placements. This paper provides illustrative ways in which the research elements of placements can be enhanced.
單次諮詢於男士服務中的應用及成效
Authors: 黃 大傑 , 梁 仲康 , 鍾 斯曉 , 伍 毅寧 , 游 達裕
Published: March 2024

本文透過歸納和分析60個男士接受單次諮詢服務的實務經驗和檢討結果，展示採用尋解介入模式的單次諮詢服務如何回應香港男士的特性和服務需求。筆者發現當服務的設計能具備性別敏感度時，不但能建立男士對使用社會服務的信心，並且能讓介入的成效更顯著，而單次諮詢服務的設計及尋解介入模式，可以很好回應帶有傳統男性氣質的當事人。從結果中看到，此服務用於男士個案工作的成效顯著，值得推廣。
COVID-19 AND OLDER ADULTS IN ZIMBABWE: A STUDY OF THE CHALLENGES FACED BY THE OLDER ADULTS IN GWERU AND MUTARE
Authors: MUTAMBARA JULIA , BENZA SHARON , KHOMBO SIBUSISO , MATSIKURE MEMORY , MAUWA GRETA , MUTSEURA TANYARADZWA , HUNGWE CHIPO
Published: March 2024

This study explores the challenges faced by the older adults during the COVID-19-induced lockdown periods in Gweru and Mutare, Zimbabwe’s third and fourth largest cities, respectively. Seventeen men and women above the age of 60 were interviewed following all COVID-19 protocols during the period April to August 2021. Semi-structured interview guides were used to gather data and Tesch’s (1990) method of thematic analysis was used to make sense of the data. Findings indicate that the older adults faced new challenges as a result of the strict lockdown and that the pandemic exacerbated the challenges that the elderly were facing. Intersectionality of challenges was also evident from the older people’s descriptions. A number of stressors were related to the pandemic restrictions, financial issues, health challenges, social challenges, and challenges of everyday living. Some participants reported mental health challenges and symptoms related to anxiety and depression. The COVID-19 pandemic presented unique psychological, economic, and social challenges to older persons in Zimbabwe. To curb such challenges in the future, there is a need to prioritize older adults during pandemic outbreaks and disasters. Adequate Universal pensions could assist in dealing with the economic challenges faced by older adults in Zimbabwe. There is a need to raise awareness and formulate structured programs on the well-being of older adults. Further research is required to map the extent of the psychological and socio-economic challenges faced by older adults in Zimbabwe.
Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome: potential etiologies and connections to the glymphatic system
Authors: Venegas Joshua M.
Published: March 2024

The etiology of spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) is a developing field of research, with many current hypotheses receiving varying degrees of support. This syndrome affects ∼70% of astronauts both during and after long-duration space missions, resulting in impaired near vision and visual scotomas (blind spots). In this article, three prominent risk factors for SANS including zero gravity conditions, extraterrestrial hypercapnic environments, and individual genetic predisposition are described. These risk factors are then compared and their pathophysiological pathways are divided into five current hypotheses for the development of SANS. Finally, glymphatic system impairment is explored as a potential mutual end point for these pathways in the development of SANS.
The dynamics of Notch signaling in the neuron-glia switch: a balancing act
Authors: Ashfield Lauren R.
Published: March 2024

A recent study by Tran et al. (Tran LN, Loew SK, Franco SJ. J Neurosci 43: 6854–6871, 2023) investigated the cellular processes underlying the timing and regulation of oligodendrocyte production, focusing on the role of Notch signaling in the dorsal forebrain of mouse embryos. They found that although Notch signaling is required to specify oligodendrocyte precursor cell fate during embryonic development, overexpression prevents oligodendrogenesis through several mechanisms. This critical review highlights their findings and offers suggestions for future research investigating the precise spatiotemporal control of Notch signaling throughout the development of the central nervous system.
Solving a Fractional Differential Equation via the Bipolar Parametric Metric Space
Authors: Pasha Mohammad Imam , Rao Kotha Rama Koteswara , Mani Gunaseelan , Gnanaprakasam Arul Joseph , Kumar Santosh
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we propose the notion of the bipolar parametric metric space and prove fixed point theorems. The proved results generalize and extend some of the well-known results in the literature. An example and application to support our result is presented.
Bioremediation of Oil-Contaminated Soils of the Zhanazhol Deposit from West Kazakhstan by Pseudomonas mendocina H-3
Authors: Doszhanov Yerlan , Sabitov Aitugan , Mansurov Zulkhair , Kaiyrmanova Gulzhan
Published: March 2024

The culture of Pseudomonas mendocina H-3 was selected as the microorganism for oil destruction, and its effect on oil-contaminated soil from the Zhanazhol deposit in West Kazakhstan was studied. After conducting model laboratory experiments, field experiments were carried out. Six and twelve months after the treatment of the oil-contaminated field with microorganisms, the amount of oil fractions in the soil decreased noticeably, while the content of asphaltenes remained constant. Analyses show that the composition of the oil fraction changes—the concentration of paraffin-naphthenic—polycycloaromatic components decreases, whereas the relative amount of mono- and bicycloaromatic hydrocarbons increases. The results of the efficiency assessment showed that the use of Pseudomonas mendocina H-3 cell suspension in natural conditions leads to a decrease in the content of hydrocarbons in the soil from 55 to 70%. The lower efficiency of bioremediation with cell cultures in field experiments (on average, 61%) compared with laboratory model studies (reduction of oil content to 79%) is apparently associated with climatic conditions.
TABLE 4 from High-resolution Diffusion-weighted Imaging to Detect Changes in Tumor Size and ADC, and Predict Adverse Biopsy Histology during Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance
Authors: Saouaf Rola , Xie Yibin , Kim Sungjin , Raphael Yaniv , Nguyen Christopher , Luthringer Daniel , Daskivich Timothy J. , Lo Eric , Tighiouart Mourad , Li Debiao , Kim Hyung L.
Published: March 2024

High-resolution MRI
TABLE 3 from High-resolution Diffusion-weighted Imaging to Detect Changes in Tumor Size and ADC, and Predict Adverse Biopsy Histology during Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance
Authors: Saouaf Rola , Xie Yibin , Kim Sungjin , Raphael Yaniv , Nguyen Christopher , Luthringer Daniel , Daskivich Timothy J. , Lo Eric , Tighiouart Mourad , Li Debiao , Kim Hyung L.
Published: March 2024

Standard MRI
FIGURE 2 from High-resolution Diffusion-weighted Imaging to Detect Changes in Tumor Size and ADC, and Predict Adverse Biopsy Histology during Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance
Authors: Saouaf Rola , Xie Yibin , Kim Sungjin , Raphael Yaniv , Nguyen Christopher , Luthringer Daniel , Daskivich Timothy J. , Lo Eric , Tighiouart Mourad , Li Debiao , Kim Hyung L.
Published: March 2024

Comparing high-resolution MRI and standard MRI. A, Multiparametric prostate MRIs incorporating either S-DWI or HR-DWI were compared. Patients on prostate cancer As were enrolled in a clinical trial and changes in tumor size or ADC as seen on MRI studies approximately 12 months apart were used to predict adverse biopsy histology. B–D, Representative MRIs taken 12 months apart for an AS patient enrolled in the clinical trial. B, T2-TSE, DCE, and DCE (color) images from the second MRI are shown and a prostate lesion is highlighted with arrows. C, S-DWI and HR-DWI images from both timepoints are shown. D, Standard and high-resolution ADC maps from both timepoints are shown. DWI, diffusion-weighted image; ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient; TSE, turbo spin echo; DCE, dynamic contrast enhanced.
Impact of COVID-19 on Patients with Beta-Thalassemia Major: An Observational Study
Authors: Vacca Nadia , Locci Cristian , Serra Fabiola , Chicconi Elena , Puci Mariangela V. , Sotgiu Giovanni , Amadu Antonio Matteo , Antonucci Roberto
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The prevalence of COVID-19 is slightly lower, and its mortality is higher in beta-thalassemia patients than in the general population. We evaluated the impact of COVID-19 in terms of incidence, clinical course, management, and specific antibody response to vaccination, in a cohort of patients with beta-thalassemia major. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled all transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia major patients attending the Thalassemia Day Care Center of the University Hospital of Sassari, Italy, from March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021. For each patient, demographic, clinical, laboratory, instrumental, and therapy data were collected. Patients aged ≥16 years received two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 serum antibodies were tested before and after the first vaccine dose. Results: A total of 68 patients (median age: 36.5 years; IQR: 13–42 years) were included. Nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-PCR was positive in 5 (7.35%) of 68 patients (4 symptomatic). No COVID-19-related complications, hospitalizations, or deaths were observed. The transfusion regimen and iron chelation therapy were not significantly changed. Prior to COVID-19 vaccination, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were tested in 61 patients, 51 negative and 10 positive; five of the latter were also positive for SARS-CoV-2 on NPS. The 46 vaccinated subjects had an antibody response, with higher levels in subjects previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that patients with beta-thalassemia major are not at a higher risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection and developing a severe form of COVID-19 despite being considered more vulnerable than the general population.
Cardiorenal benefits of finerenone in different races and kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Li Pingjiang , Cui Yuying , Xu Xiaoming , Dong Jianjun , Liao Lin
Published: March 2024

Background: Mineralocorticoid receptor plays an important pathophysiological role in cardiorenal diseases by causing inflammation and fibrosis. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are well known in treating cardiovascular disease and diverse nephropathies. However, the first-generation MRA (spironolactone) and the second-generation MRA (eplerenone) remain underutilized because of the risk of inducing severe adverse events. As a selective non-steroidal MRA, finerenone is safer and more effective and improves cardiorenal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the effect of finerenone on cardiorenal outcomes in patients of different races and kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) is unclear.
Summary: In this review, we summarized the impact of finerenone on patients with CKD and T2DM from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) . The synthesis of published data aims to address the questions pertaining to the cardiorenal benefits of finerenone among various racial groups and different levels of kidney function.
Key Message: Finerenone presents racial differences and effects associated with kidney function in CKD and T2DM patients. Due to the limited data for subgroups, it is prudent to approach the conclusion with caution.
Mind over Microbes: Investigating the Interplay between Lifestyle Factors, Gut Microbiota, and Brain Health
Authors: Bali Parul , Lal Parth , Sivapuram Madhava Sai , Kutikuppala L.V. Simhachalam , Avti Pramod , Chanana Aarzoo , Kumar Saurabh , Anand Akshay
Published: March 2024

Background: The gut microbiota (GM) of the human body comprises several species of microorganisms. This microorganism plays a significant role in the physiological and pathophysiological processes of various human diseases. Methods: The literature review includes studies that describe causative factors that influence GM. The GM is sensitive to various factors like circadian rhythms, environmental agents, physical activity, nutrition, and hygiene that together impact the functioning and composition of the gut microbiome. This affects the health of the host, including the psycho-neural aspects, due to the interconnectivity between the brain and the gut. Hence, this paper examines the relationship of GM with neurodegenerative disorders in the context of these aforesaid factors. Conclusion: Future studies that identify the regulatory pathways associated with gut microbes can provide a causal link between brain degeneration and the gut at a molecular level. Together, this review could be helpful in designing preventive and treatment strategies aimed at GM, so that neurodegenerative diseases can be treated.
Background, Recruitment, and Perceived Factors for Winning: A Qualitative Inquiry into the Perspectives of Local Women Politicians (LWPs) in Northern Mindanao, Philippines
Authors: Necosia Richard Ian Mark
Published: March 2024

Despite being globally acknowledged as one of the more gender-equal societies, the Philippines faces persistent challenges in achieving gender parity, especially in political representation, which necessitates a deeper investigation into women's political participation at the local level. This study delves into the nuanced dynamics of local women politicians (LWPs), examining their political background, recruitment into politics, and perceived factors for electoral success. Utilizing a phenomenological research design, the study aims to articulate and comprehend the essence of LWPs' lived experiences. Grounded in Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), the methodological framework facilitates a nuanced understanding of individual and societal realms. Six LWPs from Bukidnon, Northern Mindanao, participated in the study to comprehensively explore commonalities and distinctions in their political experiences. The findings revealed five themes of LWPs' political background: apolitical origins, entry into politics during young adulthood, involvement in philanthropy, membership in political families, and substantial political experience. The political recruitment of LWPs is revealed through the support of the church and the influence of political families. Additionally, LWPs' perceived factors for winning in electoral politics encompass three key themes: membership in a political family, philanthropic endeavors, and the prevalence of money politics. The lived experiences of LWPs resonate with prior research on "kinship politics" in the Philippines, illustrating how political power is bequeathed, inherited, and cycled within prominent political clans. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on women's political participation by offering a comprehensive and nuanced exploration of the multifaceted factors influencing their engagement in local politics.
Effectiveness of Independent Science Project Plan (ISPP) In Enhancing Scientific Inquiry Skills of Grade 7 Filipino Students
Authors: Deliguin Larjay Hipolito
Published: March 2024

The Independent Science Project Plan (ISPP) was used to improve the science inquiry skills of 100 Science 7 students from 4 secondary public schools in Castillejos District, Division of Zambales, Philippines. A quasi-experimental research design was used, and it required a 50-item pre-test and post-test that were validated, and pilot tested by the researcher. Mean analysis, correlated and independent samples tests, and rate of improvement (ROI) are the statistical tools utilized for analysis. Findings revealed there is a significant difference in the level of scientific inquiry skills of the participants before and after the implementation of the strategy. There is a significant difference in the MPS scores between the control and experimental group during the post-test involving all the scientific inquiry skills. When compared to the control group, the experimental group had a much better degree of proficiency in asking questions about the world, in designing and conducting the investigation, in employing different strategies to obtain information, and in communicating results, compared to the control group. Also, the teachers agreed in their being well-quipped with knowledge and skills in delivering distance learning classes through integrating technology into the curriculum, teacher’s preparation, and on the available facilities in conducting distance learning for science teaching. The end outcome is a clear indication that the method worked as intended.
Rainfall Variability and Its Influence on P Palm Oil Productivity (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.): Case Study at PT. Nusaina Group Seram Island Province Maluku
Authors: Patty Jacob R. , Laimeheriwa Semuel , Madubun Elia L. , Lingga Sandivo
Published: March 2024

Rainfall variability significantly influences plant productivity; including palm oil. This research aims to describe rainfall variability and its influence on oil palm productivity on Seram Island, Maluku Province. The data collected consists of rainfall, palm oil production data and supporting data. The analytical method used consists of generating rainfall data, analyzing extreme rainfall conditions and regression analysis to see the relationship between rainfall and palm oil productivity. The research results show that the El Nino rainfall anomaly at the research location in the 1992-2021 period occurred 8 times with a frequency of once every 2 - 6 years or an average of once every 3 years. La Nina occurs 7 times with a frequency of 1 – 10 years or an average of once every 4 years. The very extreme El Nino caused a reduction in rainfall at the research location by 888 mm or 40% of normal conditions, whereas the very extreme La Nina event resulted in an increase in rainfall of 1491 mm or 58% of normal conditions. Rainfall variability is very closely related to oil palm productivity with the regression equation Y = 94.05 – 0.1558x + 0.000083x 2 – 10 -8 x 3 and the accuracy level R 2 is 98.6%.
Electronic Math Problems Analyses and Mastery of Operations, Rules, and Expressions (E-Math Pa More) on the Performance of Grade 9 Students
Authors: Samaco Jenilyn E. , Cabanes Aileen , Minoza Joemar T.
Published: March 2024

This study sought to assess the effectiveness of Electronic Math Problems Analyses and Mastery of Operations, Rules, and Expressions (e-MATH PA MORE) as digital learning material in the performance of Grade 9 students of Libagon National High School in Math for the School Year 2022-2023. In order to collect data from the students, this study used a two-group quasi-experimental design including pretest and posttest. The study involved the participation of seventy (70) Grade 9 pupils. One of the two sections, each with 35 pupils, acted as the control group, while the other was the experimental group. To determine the study's findings, the data were statistically treated using inferential statistics, specifically T-test (paired and independent), mean and standard deviation, frequency, and percentage. Based on the study's findings, it is possible to infer that both e-Math PA MORE and the traditional style of teaching are effective in teaching Mathematics. However, a greater improvement in Mathematics performance was noticed in the class when e-Math PA MORE was used, indicating that it is more successful than the old method.  Hence, e-Math PA MORE offers learning experiences to aid in the formation of knowledge, particularly in mathematics. Furthermore, teachers should be properly equipped with the information and abilities necessary to create e-Math PA MORE. It is recommended that further studies should be conducted to continually improve the utilization of e-Math PA MORE, accentuating on teachers’ preparedness and attitude.