bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A taxonomic dataset of preserved specimen occurrences of Theobroma and Herrania (Malvaceae, Byttnerioideae) stored in 2020
Authors: Colli-Silva Matheus , Richardson James , Pirani José
Published: March 2023

Species from the "cacao group" are traditionally allocated into two genera, Theobroma and Herrania (Malvaceae, Byttnerioideae), both groups of Neotropical species economically relevant, such as the cacao tree (Theobroma cacao), which forms the source of chocolate. This study aimed at compiling and describing a dataset of preserved specimen collections available in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility repository (GBIF) for Tropical Americas. Data were exhaustively revisited and analysed in terms of taxonomic identity, conditions of collection and georeferencing, all of which should enable downstream taxonomic, geographic and evolutionary analyses.

Our dataset compiles 7975 records of preserved specimen collections found at herbaria. Records are from 18 species of Theobroma and 14 of Herrania, occurring in 60 countries or major territories, with two species endemic to a single country (H. kofanorum from Ecuador and H. laciniifolium from Colombia). Occurrence records are mostly restricted to the Amazon rainforest and species with more occurrence records are cupuí, T. subincanum (1535 records), followed by the cacao tree, T. cacao (1500 records), the latter having cultivated specimens in Africa, Asia and Oceania. In the case of the genus Herrania, H. nitida and H. purpurea are the species with the majority of occurrences (respectively, 431 and 273 records). Most of the botanical samples from these genera are found in American, Brazilian and Colombian collections, with a particular strength for American herbaria. We describe how occurrence records are spread spatially and temporally and highlight key field expeditions responsible for enhancing most of the knowledge of cacao and its wild relatives, especially in countries where they prevail, such as Colombia (with 29 species), Ecuador (23 species), Brazil (18 species) and Peru (15 species). Specifically, expeditions in these countries were led by American and European initiatives in conjunction with local funding in the mid-20th century. We emphasise how initiatives of such kind seems to have weakened in the 21st century and most of the collections of Theobroma and Herrania made afterwards are from various collectors that seek to resample specimens in already explored sites.
Two new species of Tmethypocoelis Koelbel, 1897 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Dotillidae) from Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Murniati Dewi Citra , Asakura Akira , Davie Peter J. F.
Published: March 2023

Tmethypocoelis Koelbel, 1897, is a central Indo-West Pacific genus of small intertidal, soft sediment dotillid crabs that includes five recognised species. Two new species, Tmethypocoelis simplexsp. nov. and T. celebensissp. nov., are here described from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Tmethypocoelis simplexsp. nov. is found on the west coast of Central Sulawesi, while T. celebensissp. nov. occurs in the north-eastern part of Sulawesi. Both new species differ from each other and known congeners by the male cheliped, male pleon, and male first gonopod characters. The differences in gastric mill morphology further confirm the two species as new. The distinct water current patterns in the Makassar Strait and the Maluku Channel might have contributed to the evolution of these two sibling species.
Aider les aidants de malades d’Alzheimer
Authors: Lefebvre des Noëttes Véronique
Published: March 2023

La maladie d’Alzheimer influe sur la qualité de vie du malade et de ses proches, car les difficultés cognitives altèrent non seulement les mémoires, mais aussi le langage, la communication, l’autonomie au quotidien, le jugement, la reconnaissance de soi et des autres ainsi que la sociabilité. Depuis l’annonce du diagnostic qui fait d’un proche un aidant dit « naturel », jusqu’à l’entrée en institution, nous devons aider les aidants car les risques physiques et psychiques sont importants et évitables. Qui sont ces aidants invisibles ? Quelles sont les attentes de la dyade aidant-aidé ? Comment éviter les situations d’épuisement et d’isolement social ? Quelles sont les réponses des pouvoirs publics ? Autant de questionnements qui ne peuvent se passer de notre vigilance éthique de soignants et de citoyens.
Discrete quasiprobability distributions involving Bernoulli polynomials
Authors: Almutairi Bander
Published: March 2023

The aim of this short paper is to present a new family of discrete densities with two parameters based on Bernoulli numbers and polynomials. We use the properties of such numbers in order to compute the first moments and the density of a finite sum of such independent variables.
Predator-prey collapses at the edge of predator distribution: the case of clupeids and common guillemots (Uria aalge) in NW Iberia
Authors: Martínez-Abraín Alejandro , Santidrián Tomillo Pilar , Mouriño Jorge , Rodríguez-Silvar Juan , Bermejo Andrés
Published: March 2023

The spatial structuring of seabird populations makes individual colonies very dependent on regional factors. That is especially the case in small edge populations located far from large colonies. We analysed retrospectively the poorly known collapse, some 50 years ago (around 1962-1973), of a relatively small population of breeding common guillemots (Uria aalge) located at their southernmost limit of distribution in Europe (NW Iberia). We assumed that guillemots behaved locally as facultative specialists in small pelagic fish due to the occurrence of a strong clupeid fishery, and we studied the association between the guillemot collapse and annual regional landings of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), used as a proxy of total stock size. The overall relationship between ln-transformed guillemot counts (May-June) and ln-transformed sardine landings (May-October) was stronger than the fit on untransformed variables (r2 =0.52 vs. 0.27), indicating an exponential relationship between the non-transformed variables. This relationship was somewhat stronger and linear after the collapse, when only a few tens of guillemots remaining (r2 =0.60). A strong regime shift in sardine landings was detected in 1968 and also in anchovy landings in 1969. The overall relationship between guillemot numbers and anchovy landings was linear and strong (r2 =0.72) but completely dependent on the large 1960s estimate of guillemots. However, no relationship was found between guillemot numbers and anchovy landings (April-June) after the guillemot collapse. The most likely period for the guillemot collapse was therefore 1968-1970, as seabird colonies are known to collapse immediately after their staple prey crashes. Local guillemot colonies were not subsequently rescued by immigration and have remained empty or almost empty until present, showing the high sensitivity of edge populations to environmental variability at the regional scale.
Description of unique live colour patterns as a tool for discriminating hermit crab species in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Almón Bruno , García-Isarch Eva , Cuesta Jose A. , García-Raso J. Enrique
Published: March 2023

The unique colour patterns of the hermit crab species inhabiting the Iberian Peninsula and geographically close areas are studied based on colour patterns observed in live specimens either in the field or live in the laboratory. Live colour patterns are shown to be useful for differentiating species in the Paguroidea from Iberian waters. Colour information has not been frequently documented in previous studies, mainly because of difficulties in accessing live specimens. Up to 51 species are currently recorded within the study area, 45 of which are included in the present work, focusing on the distinctive colour traits for each species that can be observed in the field. A complete key for identifying the species within the study area based on colour patterns is included. This study is the first attempt to put in place this type of tool oriented to field work. Further studies will be required to complete and update this information, especially for species which are scarce or difficult to observe alive.
Les îles d’Houat et d’Hoedic
Authors: Le Bouëdec Gérard
Published: March 2023

Les deux îles de Houat et Hoedic, isolées et exposées aux agressions anglaises du Moyen Âge au début du xixe siècle, constituent un monde à part dans l’ombre de Belle-Île et de la presqu’île de Rhuys. Elles sont l’objet de représentations négatives de la part des voyageurs et, au xixe siècle, elles sont au cœur de polémiques liées à la gestion théocratique de leur recteur qui fascine certains mais révolte les Républicains. Il s’agit de confronter ces observations des voyageurs-observateurs aux sources pour faire la lumière sur le mythe du paradis autarcique préservé, les formes d’émancipation politique et économique et le drame de l’exil forcé des Hoedicais dans les années 1930.
Mechanical Properties of Plastic Concrete Made Using Recycled Aggregates for Paving Blocks
Authors: Hameed Rashid , Gul Muhammad Musa , Tahir Muhammad , Shahzad Shaban , Jamil Osama , Awais Muhammad , Asghar Zeeshan
Published: March 2023

In developing countries, the management of waste continues to be a major challenge, especially in urban areas. One of the major concerns for today’s world is the management of plastic and construction and demolition (C&D) wastes which are increasing with urbanization and population growth. This study aims to explore the possibility of the use of plastic waste as a binder and recycled aggregates obtained from C&D waste to produce concrete paving blocks. The mechanical investigation was carried out to find the optimum content of plastic waste to prepare the plastic concrete. Three different concrete mixes were prepared with plastic contents of 30%, 40%, and 50% by the weight of aggregate. To evaluate the mechanical properties of plastic concrete, compression, flexural, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests were performed on the prepared samples. Cubical specimens of 36 x 40 x 40 mm for compression tests and prismatic specimens of 36 x 40 x 120 mm for flexural tests were cut using a saw from the paving blocks of size 36 x 137 x 290 mm. The results indicated that the strength of plastic concrete increased with the increase in plastic content. The maximum compressive and flexural strength was achieved at 50% plastic content, which was 40.52 MPa and 10.13 MPa, respectively. The compressive and flexural strengths of plastic concrete were compared with the minimum strength requirement specified by various standards specification such as American, Canadian, and Chinese. It was found that plastic concrete with 50% content of plastic waste meets the minimum criteria of mechanical strengths specified in these standards. Presently, many countries of the African continent are facing severe problems of plastic waste. As per the findings of this study, the use of waste plastics in molten form as the only binder in the development of concrete paving blocks could offer a solution for such countries to beneficially manage the plastic waste.
Effect of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine on sperm morphokinetics and DNA integrity
Authors: Ohara Yasuhiro , Mizuta Shimpei , Matsubayashi Hidehiko , Ishikawa Tomomoto , Takiuchi Tsuyoshi , Kimura Tadashi
Published: March 2023

Objective:

To assess whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine affects sperm morphokinetics using a computer-assisted semen analyzer and other semen parameters using a sperm chromatin structure assay.

Methods:

Healthy male volunteers in two Japanese clinics between May 2021 and December 2021 were prospectively analyzed. Participants donated sperm twice, two days apart, in the following phases: before vaccination, 2 weeks after the first vaccine dose, and 2, 4, and 12 weeks after the second dose. Basic sperm parameters, sperm motility characteristics, and the percentage of DNA-damaged sperm were compared among the different phases.

Results:

Ninety-six semen samples from ten volunteers, who were vaccinated with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, were evaluated. There were no significant differences between any phases in basic semen findings and parameters of the sperm chromatin structure assays. Regarding sperm motion characteristics, the average linear velocity, beat-cross frequency, and sperm motility index significantly decreased after the second vaccine dose (P=0.018, P=0.003, and P=0.027, respectively), with no significant differences between any two phases by post-hoc pairwise comparisons.

Conclusions:

After COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, while sperm motion characteristics might fluctuate, no apparent deterioration of basic sperm parameters or sperm DNA integrity was observed. Given the adverse effects of COVID-19 on sperm, our findings suggest that there might be no reason to refrain from vaccination for healthy individuals.
Rifampicin Allergy Leading to Acute Renal Shutdown
Authors: Jeyasekharan Ranjith , George Ninoo
Published: March 2023

Rifampicin is a widely used drug to treat tuberculosis and leprosy. Its toxicity is predominantly hepatic and immunoallergic in character. While hepatic toxicity is dose-related, the immunoallergic effects are unpredictable and usually associated with intermittent therapy. These immunoallergic effects may be minor (a cutaneous, gastrointestinal, or influenza-like syndrome) or major (hemolytic anemia, shock, or acute renal failure). Herein, we report a case of rifampicin allergy in a patient who was on intermittent once monthly rifampicin therapy for neuritic leprosy and was on his 4th month of treatment. Rifampicin exposure led to sudden shock and acute renal failure, which eventually required hemodialysis support. The patient made a complete recovery over the subsequent days and his renal function returned to normal over the next 3 weeks. He continues his multidrug therapy of leprosy without rifampicin.
Validity of Nolla's Method for Age Estimation for Children in Kurdish Iraqi Population - A Retrospective Study
Authors: Noaman Bushra R. , Abdullah Adil O.
Published: March 2023

Context:

Radiographs have an essential role in Chronological Age (CA) estimation and are being used for dental age (DA) determination.

Aims:

Detecting the validity of Nolla's method (NM) for the age assessment of Kurdish Iraqi children (KIC).

Methods and Material:

A retrospective study was performed using orthopantomographs (OPGs) of 354 subjects aged from 4 to 13 years (178 boys and 176 girls) and their recording files. Subjects were divided into nine study groups: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 years old. The chronological age (CA) was subtracted from the DA to find the validity of NM; the positive results indicated the overestimation of age, whereas the negative results indicated for underestimation. The data were recorded through a digitalised system using Microsoft Excel worksheet and analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version 25) programme using the dependent T-test and graphical analysis. The level of P value used in this study was set at < 0.05. Results: The DA is underestimated in ages 9 to 13 in boys and girls. The highest difference in DA–CA was at the age of 9 years (−0.146 ± 0.162).

Conclusions:

NM for age estimation was slightly overestimated in age groups of 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 years in boys and girls without statistically significant differences. However, this method underestimated the ages of KIC ranging from 9 to 13 years significantly.
Modified Frenectomy Technique to Eliminate the Aberrant Labial Frenum – A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Saokar Asmita , Kumar Santhosh , Bhat G. Subraya , Alagl Adel Sulaiman M.
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

A modified frenal treatment for aberrant frenum is presented in this report to reduce scar tissue formation and maintain the attached gingiva.

Description:

The case report describes two cases in which a V-shaped incision removed the aberrant frenum and then the flaps of the frenum were sutured at the mid line.

Results:

The results showed reduced scar tissue in the mid line and the tissue healed with adequate attached gingiva.

Take-Away Lessons:

The modified frenotomy technique presented here is ideal for a large frenum that could expose the underlying connective tissue that could reduce the scar tissue formation.
Risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda categories III, III - subcategories and IV: 2.5 years study
Authors: Ilyas Abeer M , More Nilam M , Naik Leena P
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has gained significance as a quick, safe, and relatively simple method to differentiate malignant from benign thyroid nodules and is regarded as the gold-standard first-line diagnostic test in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) established a standardized, category-based reporting system for thyroid FNAC with each category having an implied cancer risk. However, the optimal management of thyroid nodules in the Bethesda III and IV categories is controversial, given the variable malignancy rates.

Aims/Objectives:

(1) Analysis of the cytomorphological characteristics of patients with categories III and IV of “TBSRTC.” (2) Assessment of risk of malignancy of TBSRTC category III, IV, and substratification of TBSRTC category III.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective and prospective study of cases categorized under TBSRTC as category III and IV at a tertiary-care center. Cytological along with their histological results were compared.

Results:

We identified an overall malignancy rate of 33% for nodules belonging to Bethesda category III and a malignancy rate between 19% and 33% for Bethesda category IV. Also, a significantly higher risk of malignancy in subcategories with nuclear and architectural atypia (66.6%) than only architectural atypia (28.7%).

Conclusion:

Although surgery is recommended in most of these cases, cytomorphology helps to predict the final histopathological findings with greater accuracy. Substratification of category III into subgroups may help reduce the heterogeneity of the atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance category and more.
Challenges and impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on men that have sex with men in accessing healthcare services in Nigeria
Authors: Amoo Olubunmi Elizabeth , Abiodun Olaiya Paul , Sanni Felix Olaniyi , Samuels Jay Osi , Okonkwo Prosper I
Published: March 2023

Background:

Men with sex with men (MSM) may face obstacles in accessing culturally competent and quality healthcare services since current medical practice does not often promote discussing sexual habits. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has further affected this group. This study assessed the impacts of COVID-19 and the general challenges of MSM in Benue State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

This study was a quantitative cross-sectional survey conducted across three geopolitical zones of Benue State using a multistage cluster sampling method to collect data from MSM. The data collected were analyzed using IBM-Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM-SPSS) version 25.0 for Windows IBM Corp., Armonk, New York.

Result:

More than half (59.2%) of respondents said they were not denied healthcare services, and 78.4% were not afraid to seek them. Most (88%) were comfortable seeking medical help, and 61.6% did not experience stigmatization from healthcare providers. Many (68.0%) were not exposed to violence after sharing their status with healthcare providers. About half (50.4%) said COVID-19 did not affect their general quality of life. Over half (51.2%) said there was a decline in access to resources like food and money during the pandemic, 49.6% experienced difficulties accessing HIV testing, and 52.0% could not access PrEP. More than half (53.6%) reported challenges getting viral load or other laboratory tests, but 57.5% had no trouble getting HIV medication prescriptions.

Conclusion:

The Federal Government, and the Ministry of Health, Nigeria, should support intervention programs, peer educators, and outreach workers providing services to MSM.
Optimization Model of the Shell Capsules Geometry for a System for Diagnosing Damage to Gas Turbine Blades in Non-stationary
Authors: Andrianov Ivan K. , Chepurnova Elena K.
Published: March 2023

Scientific research is devoted to the problem of diagnosing damage in the blades of gas turbine engines in non-stationary conditions. The paper proposes a model for a more accurate calculation of the parameters of the crack detection system using a system of capsules, inside of which, under the influence of pressure, there is a substance exhibiting ionizing properties. In the study, the relations for determining the uneven pressure due to the action of centrifugal tensile forces during the rotation of the turbine blade are obtained. The relations for calculating the minimum required diameter of the capsule to ensure the rupture of the capsule when cracks are opened for the effective operation of the crack detection system are obtained. Calculations of the pressure inside the capsule and the geometry of the capsule at different speeds of rotation of the turbine blade are carried out. An estimate of the error in calculating the pressure inside the capsule is given in the case of not taking into account the action of centrifugal forces. The obtained dependences will significantly optimize the system for detecting damage to turbine blades, and increase the efficiency and safety of the operation of gas turbine engines.
Plan Educativo Covid-19. Análisis de la realidad de las comunidades indígenas a partir del caso Tzalarón
Authors: Mena Zamora Alexis Alberto , Moreno Guaicha Jefferson Alexander
Published: March 2023

El artículo ofrece una mirada crítica al Plan Educativo Covid-19 en contextos indígenas ecuatorianos, examinando alternativas situadas como la radio-educación para responder a la crisis educativa en dichas comunidades. El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los desafíos y la realidad enfrentada por las comunidades indígenas en el marco del Plan Educativo Covid-19, enfocándose en el caso de Tzalarón. La metodología implementada fue de enfoque cualitativo, apoyada en el análisis bibliográfico de documentos oficiales del MINEDUC en relación a la educación durante la pandemia. Asimismo, se basa en datos recabados de entrevistas semiestructuradas para indagar la viabilidad del Plan en contextos vulnerables. Los hallazgos revelan que las expectativas de impacto de las políticas educativas del Plan no conciliaron la teoría con las realidades contextuales, particularmente en áreas con acceso limitado a internet y herramientas digitales. Entre las conclusiones más relevantes, la radio-educación surge como una opción viable para enfrentar los problemas de acceso a la educación en línea durante la crisis. Sin embargo, se subraya la necesidad de diseñar nuevas propuestas y políticas educativas públicas que se adecuen de manera coherente a la realidad de los sectores vulnerables.
NHU CẦU TIÊU DÙNG VÀ KHẢ NĂNG TIẾP CẬN NÔNG SẢN TRỰC TUYẾN CỦA NGƯỜI TIÊU DÙNG THÀNH PHỐ HUẾ
Authors: Pơ Loong The , Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Ánh , Trần Hữu Tuấn , Nguyễn Văn Chung , Trương Thị Hằng , Trần Cao Uý
Published: March 2023

Mua sắm trực tuyến đã và đang trở nên phổ biến và tạo ra nhiều thay đổi trong hành vi tiêu dùng trong những năm gần đây. Nó góp phần tạo nên chuyển dịch từ thương mại truyền thống sang thương mại điện tử. Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định nhu cầu của người tiêu dùng trong mua nông sản trực tuyến và khả năng tiếp cận kênh mua sắm này. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện tại thành phố Huế thông qua phỏng vấn bằng bảng hỏi cấu trúc với 132 người tiêu dùng và thu thập một số thông tin thứ cấp liên quan. Nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra người tiêu dùng có nhu cầu thực sự trong việc mua hàng nông sản trực tuyến và nhu cầu này có xu hướng gia tăng. Hình thức mua nông sản trực tuyến được thực hiện qua ba kênh bán hàng trực tuyến chính gồm mạng xã hội, sàn thương mại điện tử và các trang bán hàng riêng lẻ của các nhà cung ứng. Sự khác biệt về đặc điểm của các nhóm người tiêu dùng dẫn đến sự khác biệt trong nhu cầu mua sắm nông sản trực tuyến, cũng như phương thức tiếp cận hình thức này.
ẢNH HƯỞNG HÀM LƯỢNG RAU HẸ (Allium odorum L.) BỔ SUNG ĐẾN MÀU SẮC, ĐẶC TÍNH CẤU TRÚC VÀ TÍNH CHẤT CẢM QUAN CỦA CHẢ CÁ RÔ PHI
Authors: Phan Đỗ Dạ Thảo , Võ Điều , Đào Lê Minh Tuấn , Nguyễn Thị Diễm Hương
Published: March 2023

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá tác động của việc bổ sung rau hẹ (Allium odorum L.) đến màu sắc, đặc tính cấu trúc và tính chất cảm quan của chả cá rô phi. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, sản phẩm chả cá rô phi có xu hướng chuyển từ trắng sang xanh và màu tối hơn khi tăng hàm lượng rau hẹ bổ sung, biểu hiện qua giá trị của L*, WI, và a* đều giảm. Ở nghiệm thức bổ sung 4% rau hẹ, độ ẩm, khả năng giữ nước (WHC) và cấu trúc của chả cá đạt giá trị cao nhất với độ ẩm 76,87%, WHC 88,50%, lực cắt đạt 6,57 N và lực phá vỡ 431,20 gf. Đồng thời, chả cá chứa 4% rau hẹ có giá trị cảm quan tốt, với điểm đạt được lớn hơn 7 (tính theo thang 9 điểm). Những kết quả này là cơ sở để tiếp tục nghiên cứu cải thiện chất lượng và tạo ra hương vị mới cho chả cá rô phi.
PHÂN LẬP, ĐỊNH DANH VÀ ĐÁNH GIÁ TIỀM NĂNG PROBIOTICS CỦA MỘT SỐ CHỦNG NẤM MEN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE TỪ CHẤT CHỨA TRONG RUỘT GÀ
Authors: Phan Thị Hằng , Nguyễn Văn Chào , Dương Thanh Hải , Trần Quang Vui , Lê Minh Đức , Nguyễn Xuân Hoà
Published: March 2023

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện với mục đích phân lập và tuyển chọn nấm men Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) định hướng sản xuất probiotics dùng trong chăn nuôi. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã phân lập được 32 chủng nấm men từ 52 mẫu chất chứa trong ruột gà khoẻ mạnh. Dựa vào đặc điểm hình thái, sinh hóa và định danh bằng phương pháp khuếch đại vùng gen ITS đã xác định được 3 chủng nấm men (Y35, Y63, Y100) thuộc loài S. cerevisiae. Ba chủng S. cerevisiae này đã được sàng lọc thêm các đặc tính khác để có thể sử dụng chúng như loại probiotics bổ sung vào thức ăn chăn nuôi. Các chủng nấm men đã được đánh giá các đặc tính: khả năng chịu được môi trường nhiệt độ cao (30oC, 37oC, 42oC và 50oC), pH thấp (2,0; 3,0 và 4,0) và có muối mật (0,1; 0,2 và 0,3%). Kết quả sàng lọc cho thấy trong 3 chủng nấm men S. cerevisiae (Y35, Y63, Y100) thì chủng nấm men Y35, Y100 cho sinh khối cao hơn, thích ứng được với môi trường có nhiệt độ cao (42oC), pH thấp (pH2) và có muối mật (0,3%). Vì vậy, có thể sử dụng 2 chủng S. cerevisiae Y35, Y100 để đánh giá thêm các tiêu chí khác cho mục đích sản xuất probiotics dùng trong chăn nuôi.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA LIỀU LƯỢNG PHÂN HỮU CƠ VÀ MẬT ĐỘ TRỒNG ĐẾN SINH TRƯỞNG VÀ NĂNG SUẤT ĐẬU ĐEN (Vigna cylindrica (L.) Skeels) TẠI TỈNH QUẢNG TRỊ
Authors: Trịnh Thị Sen , Nguyễn Thị Hoài , Nguyễn Ngọc Lâm
Published: March 2023

Nghiên cứu được tiến hành với 5 liều lượng phân hữu cơ 0 (đối chứng), 4, 8, 12, 16 tấn/ha và 3 mật độ trồng 12, 8 và 6 cây/m2 nhằm xác định được liều lượng phân hữu cơ và mật độ trồng thích hợp nhất đến sinh trưởng, phát triển, năng suất và hiệu quả kinh tế đối với cây đậu đen. Thí nghiệm gồm 2 nhân tố, được bố trí theo kiểu ô lớn, ô nhỏ (split – plot), với 3 lần nhắc lại, trong vụ Xuân Hè năm 2022 tại xã Triệu Nguyên, huyện Đakrong, tỉnh Quảng Trị. Các chỉ tiêu dõi thực hiện theo bộ phiếu thu thập, mô tả đánh giá của Trung tâm tài nguyên thực vật (2012). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, liều lượng phân hữu cơ và mật độ trồng ảnh hưởng đến chiều cao cây, số cành cấp 1, diện tích lá, hàm lượng chất khô, năng suất và hiệu quả kinh tế của cây đậu đen. Cây đậu đen sinh trưởng, phát triển tốt, cho năng suất và hiệu quả kinh tế cao nhất ở công thức P2M1 (với mức bón phân hữu cơ là 8 tấn/ha và mật độ trồng là 12 cây/m2). Tại mức công thức này, năng suất thực thu đạt 12,55 tạ/ha/vụ, lợi nhuận đạt 29.877,927 đồng/ha/vụ và chỉ số VCR là 5,56. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu, bước đầu khuyến cáo sử dụng mức bón phân hữu cơ là 8 tấn/ha và mật độ trồng là 12 cây/m2 cho cây đậu đen trên đất phù sa trong vụ Xuân Hè tại tỉnh Quảng Trị.
ТОВАРОВЕДЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА КОНДИТЕРСКИХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ
Authors: Павлова Э.С. , Суняйкина А.В. , Лютова Е.В.
Published: March 2023

Проведена товароведческая оценка образцов мучных и сахаристых кондитерских

изделий, включающая анализ маркировки продуктов, а также состава и энергетической

ценности. Выполнено определение физико-химических и органолептических показателей

качества методами, которые установлены государственными стандартами, и методами,

которые освоены в результате проведения лабораторных работ по курсу «Товароведение

продуктов биотехнологии из сырья растительного происхождения». В ходе работы

проанализированы показатели мучных и сахаристых кондитерских изделий, сопоставлены

фактические данные с требованиями нормативно-технической документации. В результате

анализа обнаружено несоответствие ГОСТ по физико-химическим показателям для двух

образцов мармелада. Для семи образцов кондитерских изделий при анализе упаковки и

маркировки обнаружено несоответствие ТР ТС в области маркировки.
UJI KUAT TEKAN BETON PADA MATERIAL ALAM PASIR PANTAI MUARA LAPAO-PAO
Authors: Masgode Muhammad Buttomi , Hidayat Arman , Rusli Rusli
Published: March 2023

Penelitian tentang pemanfaatan pasir laut sebagai agregat halus dalam pembuatan beton ini dilatar belakangi oleh pasir pantai muara lapao pao Pasir laut menjadi pilihan yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Muara Lapao-pao khususnya di dusun 6 sebagai bahan pengganti agregat halus beton berpotensi alternatif sebagai pengganti pasir yang melimpah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan material di daerah muara lapao pao dan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kuat tekan beton yang dihasilkan ketika menggunakan pasir pantai muara lapo pao. Kuat tekan beton direncanakan f’c 18 MPa. Sampel beton berbentuk silinder berjumlah 18 buah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan beton yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan pasir pantai muara lapao pao tanpa perlakuan lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasir pantai muara lapao pao dengan perlakuan di cuci. Kuat tekan beton yang menggunakan pasir pantai Muara Lapao-pao tanpa perlakuan dengan umur perawatan 7, 14 dan 28 hari dengan mutu rencana 18 Mpa yaitu 13,04 Mpa, 16,56 Mpa, dan  21,23 Mpa. Dibandingkan pasir antai Muara Lapao-pao dengan perlakuan di cuci dengan umur perawatan 7, 14, dan 28 hari dengan mutu rencana 18 Mpa yaitu 15,29 Mpa, 16,65 Mpa, dan 16,84 Mpa. Dengan Persentase kenaikan kuat tekan beton sebesar 24,38% dari kuat tekan rencana untuk kondisi pasir pantai tanpa dicuci.
Modificando as paixões formidáveis: a formação da Sociedade de Beneficência Musical e o Conservatório de Música
Authors: Augusto Antonio J.
Published: March 2023

Este artigo analisa a constituição da Sociedade de Beneficência Musical, órgão de assistência mutuária que apresenta, em 1841, uma petição à Câmara dos Deputados solicitando a criação de um Conservatório de Música na capital do Império. Através da apreciação desse documento e da trajetória dos seus signatários, tentamos entender o contexto sociopolítico que constrangia e desafiava os envolvidos no processo, com a finalidade de contribuir para ampliar a reflexão sobre o momento de gênese da primeira instituição oficial de ensino de música no Brasil.
Analisis Kerawanan dan Penanggulangan Longsor di Benteng Ka'do Kec.Kapala Pitu dengan Menggunakan Geotekstil
Authors: Matana Hernita , Padang Israel
Published: March 2023

Bencana alam tanah longsor sering melanda beberapa wilayah di tanah air. Kabupaten Toraja Utara Kecamatan Kapala Pitu Lembang Benteng Ka’do adalah  salah satu Lembang  yang sering terjadi bencana alam berupa tanah longsor karena sebagian wilayahnya berupa lereng dan pegunungan. Sembilan tahun terakhir mulai tahun 2012 sampai tahubn 2021 sering terjadi longsor ketika musim hujan tiba, khususnya pada bulan desember dengan curah hujan yang cukup tinggi. Kejadian tersebut menyebabkan kerugian materi dan rusaknya fasilitas umum yaitu jalan raya. Lembang Benteng Ka’do mempunyai karakteristik lahan dengan bentuk bertahap-tahap, berbukit hingga bergunung-gunung dengan ketinggian tempat bervariasi dari lereng yang landai.

Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai CBR 42.65% yang menjelaskan bahwa kepadatan tanah dalam kondisi baik. Penggunaan perkuatan lembar geotekxtil pada percobaan pergeseran tanah menyebabkan peningkatan kekuatan dan kepadatan pada subgrade tanah. Hasil pengujian diperoleh hasil untuk tanah pada sampel tanah yang diperkuat lembar geotextil pada kemiringan 30o, dalam waktu 2 jam atau 7200 detik penyiraman mengalami pergerseran sebesar 0 mm atau 0%, pada kemiringan 35o selama 2 jam atau 7200 detik penyiraman mengalami pergeseran sebesar 0 mm atau 0%, dan pada kemiringan 40o selama 2 jam atau 7200 detik penyiraman mengalami pergeseran sebesar 8 mm atau 0,67%. Kondisi sampel tanah pada permukaan  hanya terguras oleh air namun air tidak menembus lapisan perkuatan geotextile yang menyebabkan lapisan tanah di bawahnya tetap kering dan tidak mengalami perpindahan secara signifikan.
Studi Eksperimental Karakteristik Palm Fiber Concrete Brick
Authors: Ampangallo Bastian A.
Published: March 2023

Palm Fiber Concrete Brick merupakan suatu jenis unsur bangunan berbentukbata yang terbuat dari bahan utama semen Portland, air, dan agregat yangdipergunakan untuk pasangan dinding. Banyak inovasi yang dilakukan dalammemodifikasi batako baik dalam segi memodifikasi campuran ataupunditambahkan dengan bahan-bahan yang dapat meminimalir kekurangan batakoitu sendiri. Salah satunya dengan menambahkan abu serat ijuk dalampembuatannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahanabu serat ijuk terhadap nilai kuat tekan batako. Metode yang digunakan adalaheksperimen dengan total benda uji sebanyak 36 buah. Tiap variasi terdiri dari 12sampel. Benda uji penelitian dibuat dengan perbandingan komposisi semen,agregat halus, dan air dengan 3 variasi abu serat ijuk. Pengujian kuat tekandilakukan pada hari ke-3, 7, 14, dan 28 hari. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkannilai kuat tekan optimum 10,6 Mpa dan termasuk dalam tingkat mutu IV. Kuattekan paling rendah yang diperoleh sebesar 9.1 Mpa dan termasuk dalam tingkatmutu IV
Transformações edilícias e viárias nos municípios de Cuiabá e Várzea Grande:
Authors: Alves Lívia , Silva Jonathas
Published: March 2023

As argumentações aqui apresentadas partem da premissa de que a leitura da forma urbana contribui para além da compreensão dos aspectos físico-espaciais do território. O artigo abrange os resultados preliminares da pesquisa de mestrado, em curso, que inclui o mapeamento como instrumento de leitura e análise morfológica das transformações edilícias preponderantes nas quadras urbanas, assim como as principais transformações viárias. A pesquisa propõe como método de leitura morfológica dois objetos de análise: a) a categorização dos diferentes tipos de ocupação do solo urbano quanto a organização espacial resultante da ação de diferentes interesses e agentes; e, b) a localização das obras implementadas sobre o sistema viário (vias novas, em obras, alargamentos etc.). O presente trabalho toma como recortes temporal e territorial as transformações urbanas ocorridas no período entre 2006 e 2021, nas cidades de Cuiabá e Várzea Grande. Como resultados preliminares da análise, percebe-se que a localização dos investimentos públicos sobre o sistema viário acaba por reforçar o processo de segregação socioespacial, favorecendo algumas localizações da cidade em detrimento de outras. O método proposto possibilita compreender alguns aspectos do padrão de urbanização e das dinâmicas socioespaciais identificadas nestes municípios, que guardam processos semelhantes com outras cidades brasileiras.
Membangun Kesadaran Hukum Bagi Anak Dari Kenakalan Remaja
Authors: Toule Elsa Rina Maya , Sopacua Margie Gladis , Fadillah Astuti Nur , Salamor Yonna Beatrix , Lokollo Leonie
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Teenagers as holders of the baton for the next generation of the nation must be maintained in their growth and development. The phenomenon of juvenile delinquency today can be found in society.Purposes of Devotion: Community Service Activities are expected to provide answers about the development of juvenile delinquency and its legal consequences. The purpose of building legal awareness for children from juvenile delinquency is to provide education and understanding of legal regulations relating to children so that children in the future are not affected to commit acts of violence from juvenile delinquency that can lead to legal repercussions or consequences for the child. Method of Devotion: Carrying out legal counseling activities in Erie Hamlet, Nusaniwe Country, Ambon City, Maluku through panel discussions in which the presenters take turns presenting the material then followed by a question and answer session between the presenters and participants.Results of the Devotion: Teenagers as holders of the baton for the next generation of the nation must be maintained in their growth and development. Efforts to tackle juvenile delinquency cannot be done alone, but in overcoming it there must be cooperation between all elements, namely parents, the school, in this case the teacher who acts as a parent in the school, the government and the community.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus Among Pregnant Women in Our Clinic
Authors: KINCI Mehmet Ferdi , SARUHAN Ercan , KARAKAŞ PASKAL Ezgi , ÇİTİL Burak Ekrem , SEZGİN Burak
Published: March 2023

To determine the rate of seropositivity in toxoplasma, rubella and cytomegalovirus infections during pregnancy. 4488 pregnants who applied to outpatient polyclinics of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Training and Research Hospital for pregnancy examination in the first 10 weeks of pregnancy were included in the study. Results of anti-Toxoplasma IgM and IgG, anti-Rubella IgM and IgG, anti-CMV IgM and IgG were evaluated. Seropositivity rates of anti-Toxoplasma, anti-Rubella, anti-CMV IgG and IgM were determined respectively 21.6%, 1.6%, 92.8%, 1%; 98.5%, 1.1% in the study group. Toxoplasma, Rubella and CMV seroprevalence should be evaluated during preconceptional or antenatal screening according to regional conditions.
A Snapshot Into ADHD: The Impact of Hyperfixations and Hyperfocus From Adolescence to Adulthood
Authors: Huang Claire
Published: March 2023

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized as a lack of attentional regulation rather than the inability to maintain attention (Groen et al., 2021). With the growing research on ADHD development, concepts such as a hyperfixation or hyperfocus have been used with mismatched definitions. Therefore, the first goal of this research was to help define what it means to hyperfixate and hyperfocus. Because people with ADHD under 25 years old are still developing executive functions, experiencing fluctuating symptoms, and facing fewer expectations of independence, which allows for more exploration of self-identity, the development of hyperfixations and hyperfocus can be more common among adolescents. Thus, the second goal of this research was to evaluate the hypothesis of hyperfixation and hyperfocus development in various age ranges. Data will be collected via an online questionnaire and one-on-one interviews, open to people of all ages. The participants will be asked to answer questions on their ability to focus as well as their experience with hobbies and interests. Each respondent will be evaluated separately based on age, gender, and whether they have an ADHD diagnosis. The data will then be analyzed to determine whether there is a relationship between hyperfixation/hyperfocus occurrence and age or other demographics. As one of the earliest studies on the topic of hyperfixations in the context of ADHD, this research will help advance the understanding of attentional processes in ADHD, which may shed light on future directions in this field.
Using Differentiated Instruction to Promote Creativity, Critical Thinking and Learning: Perspective of Teachers
Authors: Bobi Comfort Bobi , Ahiavi Martin Ahiavi
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate Basic School teachers’ perspectives on the use of differentiated instructional approaches to promote creativity, critical thinking skills, cooperative teaching, and learning in the Ho-West District of Ghana.

Methodology: A descriptive research design was employed, and a simple random sampling technique was used to select 289 teachers for the study. The data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to compute descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and percentages.

Findings: The findings of the study indicated that the teachers in the Ho-West district had a good understanding of differentiated instructional strategies and their impact on student performance. Additionally, the teachers were aware of how differentiated instruction can affect pupils’ knowledge and skill acquisition and recognized the importance of learning styles, motivation, and encouragement in improving learning outcomes.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This study makes a unique contribution to the field of education by providing insights into Basic School teachers’ perspectives on the use of differentiated instructional approaches in promoting creativity, critical thinking skills, cooperative teaching, and learning in the Ho-West District of Ghana. The study's findings highlight the need for in-service programs, workshops, seminars, and short courses on differentiated instructional strategies to enhance teachers' practical training and further develop their existing knowledge of differentiated instruction. These findings have significant implications for theory, policy, and practice in education, particularly in the Ho-West District of Ghana. The study recommends that the Ho-West District directorate of the Ghana Education Service and stakeholders in education should organize such programs to enhance teachers' ability to apply differentiated instructional strategies and enhance creativity, critical thinking skills, and cooperative teaching and learning among pupils in the district.
МЕТАКОГНИТИВНОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ КАК ОСНОВА РАЗВИТИЯ МЕТАКОГНИТИВНЫХ СПОСОБНОСТЕЙ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ
Authors: А. С. Попандопуло  , А. А. Кудышева  , С. К. Ксембаева  , Н. А. Кударова
Published: March 2023

В статье представлено описание проведенного исследования использования методов метакогнитивного обучения и развития метакогнитивных способностей в отношении чтения обучающихся, понимание текста посредством проведения занятий английского языка, проведенного в Казахстанских общеобразовательных школах. Был проведены уроки 70 обучающихся, 7-х классов общеобразовательных школ города Павлодара: СОШ № 5, № 9, № 16. Исследование было проведено с использованием методов самоанализа, мыслей вслух, взаимного обучения, интеллект-карт и метакогнитивных стратегий KWL – как методов обучения для повышения метапознания обучающихся. Результаты сравнительного анализа двух выборок показали, что метакогнитивное обучение оказывает положительное влияние на обучающихся, их достижения, побуждая обучающихся контролировать и регулировать свое обучение. Систематическое метакогнитивное обучение также может позволить обучающимся улучшить свои способности к чтению посредством применения самоанализа своего учебного процесса. В данной статье приведены данные проведенных уроков английского языка в Казахстане, процесс которого направлен на разработку метакогнитивного подхода к обучению английскому языку через развитие метакогнитивных способностей обучающихся к чтению в условиях обновленного образования. Данное исследование вносит свой вклад в новое исследовательское измерение изучения уроков по разработке педагогических практик для улучшения результатов обучения и метакогнитивных способностей обучающихся.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ БЕЗОШИБОЧНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ В РАЗВИТИИ ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНОГО МЫШЛЕНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ С МЕНТАЛЬНЫМИ НАРУШЕНИЯМИ
Authors: Р. О. Агавелян  , А. Ж. Асаинова  , Д. Б. Абыкенова  , Ж. Т. Аубакирова  , А. Ж. Рахимбекова
Published: March 2023

Безошибочное обучение относится к методам обучения различению, которые устраняют или минимизируют реакцию на неправильный выбор. Процедуры безошибочного обучения используются при обучении людей с диагнозом расстройства аутистического спектра, при когнитивных расстройствах, деменции, синдроме Аспергера и других ментальных нарушениях. В статье описаны принципы безошибочного обучения детей для развития вычислительного мышления школьников, обучающихся по адаптированной программе людей с интеллектуальными отклонениями. Доказано, что формирование вычислительного мышления у детей с ментальными нарушениями позволяет им быстрее ориентироваться в современном мире, определять проблемы и создавать комплексные решения. Для проведения исследования были разработаны цифровые ресурсы по информатике на основе процедур безошибочного обучения, организован педагогический эксперимент по обучению информатике четырнадцати детей с ментальными нарушениями. В начале и в конце эксперимента уровень развития вычислительного мышления был оценен с помощью теста cCT-test. Результаты показывают, что использование безошибочного обучения информатике способствовало развитию уровня вычислительного мышления детей с ментальными нарушениями (средний балл до эксперимента составил 5,93, после - 15,7). Были использованы задания на затухание и формирование стимула, предотвращение реакции, отсроченной подсказки, наложение с затуханием стимула, наложение с формированием стимула при помощи технологий веб 3.0.
МОТИВАЦИОННО-ЦЕННОСТНЫЙ ФАКТОР, КАК ОСНОВА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ ПЕДАГОГА
Authors: Е. С. Катаев
Published: March 2023

В данной статье представлены теоретические основы формирования мотивационно-ценностного компонента исследовательских компетенции педагога общеобразовательной школы на основе феноменологического подхода с использованием дискурсивного профессионального общения педагогов в процессе реализации подхода Lesson Study. Исследование выполнено в рамках докторской диссертации «Формирование исследовательских компетенций педагога общеобразовательной школы в условиях обновления содержания образования: герменевтико-феноменологический аспект». Цель данной статьи — раскрыть основы адаптированных приёмов феноменологического подхода при реализации подхода Lesson Study, показать их эффективность для формирования мотивационно-ценностного отношения педагогов к исследованию процесса обучения, развития их исследовательских умений и навыков. В работе даётся краткое теоретическое обоснование важности применения приемов феноменологического подхода на начальном этапе включения учителя в исследовательскую работу. В статье приводятся основные приемы и характер их использования с целью формирования мотивационно-ценностного компонента исследовательских компетенций в процессе реализации подхода Lesson Study. По итогам проведенного эксперимента приводятся доказательства достоверности полученных результатов, основанные на описательной и математической статистике. Проведенный эксперимент показал эффективность сочетания приемов феноменологического подхода с подходом Lesson study для развития исследовательских умений и навыков педагогов. Выполненное исследование расширило представление о применении Lesson Study в учреждениях среднего образования. Материалы также будут полезны педагогам при реализации в школах подхода Action Research.