bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Electro-Convulsive Therapy as a Bipolar Disorder Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Miranda Ruiz E. , Marimón Muñoz E. , Stoppa Montserrat A. , Fernandez I. , Arroyo M.I. , Borras N. , Ferreiro S. , Ramirez J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Electro-convulsive Therapy (ECT) has been considered a useful for the treatment of depression and other affective disorders, however it is considered as a last resort given the risks and possible adverse effects.

Objectives

The objective of this review is to assess the use of ECT (in terms of efficacy and tolerability) for patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder and how it can be compared with other treatments more commonly used to treat this disorder.

Methods

A search was carried out in Medline and in the Virtual Health Library as well as in the Trripdatabase with the search terms “Bipolar disorder”, “Bipolar Depression”, “ECT”, “ECT treatment” and “Mania” in English and narrowing the search to the last 5 years. 8 articles were included for the review after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results

A favorable and well tolerated response was observed when applied ECT on patients with Bipolar disorder, especially the elderly populations. It was observed that the administration of unilateral and bilateral ECT are both equally effective. A better response was detected to ECT compared to newer treatments like ketamine, as well as lower suicide rate when ECT was used compared to other treatments.

Conclusions

ECT is considered an effective and safe treatment for Bipolar Disorder and should be taken into account not only as a last resort. Even so, given the limitations observed, it is necessary to carry out further investigation on the matter.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Bipolar Disorder Comorbid with Arnold-Chiari Malformation: Case Report
Authors: Yalçın Z. , Sahmelikoglu Onur O. , Karamustafalioglu N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Arnold Chiari malformation (ACM), a condition in which a portion of the brain pushes through the opening at the base of the skull, can cause headaches, dizziness, difficulty swallowing, muscle weakness and balance problems. The prevalence in the general population has been estimated at slightly less than 1/1000. The majority of these cases are asymptomatic. Chiari malformations are often detected coincidently among patients who have undergone diagnostic imaging for unrelated reasons. Several cases of psychiatric illness comorbid with ACM type 1 (ACM1) are reported in the literature.

Objectives

Here we reported a patient with bipolar affective disorder, manic episode with a history of depressive episodes for 2 years comorbid with ACM1.

Methods

A 39 year-old-woman,with the history of panic disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder comorbid with depression have been using sertraline 50 mg/day for a year, admitted for decreased need of sleep, grandiosity, increased libido,risky behaviours, rapid speech and agitation. The patient met DSM 5 criteria for a manic episode and was hospitalized. She had a positive history of depression in her family. Her lab work up was unremarkable; including negative urine toxicology. MRI scans, for exclusion of organicity, demonstrated ACM1. Her treatment was started with a regimen of haloperidol 20 mg/day, biperiden 10 mg/day. The treatment was switched to olanzapine 20mg/day upon detection of rigidity. Lithium was added as 900mg/day. Neurosurgery, outpatient control was recommended by neurosurgery.

Results

The patient’s symptoms gradually improved within one week with attainment of euthymic mood.

Conclusions

This case might show that ACM1 could cause abnormal functioning of brain circuits promoting psychiatric symptoms.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder : Clinical description of 101 children
Authors: Bourgou S. , Nourchene K. , Rezgui H. , Belhaj A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that’s triggered by a psychotraumatic event .

Objectives

The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical manifestations of PTSD in the pediatric population.

Methods

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out on children over the age of 7 and victims of a traumatic event that had occurred at least one month before. They were recruited from August 2020 to April 2021, in child psychiatry department. The clinical manifestations were evaluated using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Child and Adolescent version for DSM 5 (CAPS CA5) in Tunisian dialect. The statistical processing of these data was carried out using SPSS 26 software.

Results

We recruited 101 children who had experienced a traumatic event which was in 35.6% physical assault, 47.5% sexual assault and in 16.8 % exposure to death. The mean age was 10.7 years at the onset of traumatic event and 11.74 years at the interview. We noted in our patients a female predominance at 64.4%. Diagnosis of PTSD according to the diagnostic criteria of the DSM5 was retained in 54.5% of cases. Intrusive symptoms were present in 81.2%, with 66.3% of involuntary, intrusive memories. Persistent avoidance of stimuli was noted in 80.2%. 71.3% of cases suffered from negative cognition and mood. We found in 66.3% marked alterations in trauma-related arousal and reactivity. Resulting in clinicialy significant distress in71.3%.

Conclusions

Recognizing PTSD symptoms is essential for diagnosis to initiate specialized care and reduce impairment at this critical age.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psycho-socio-emotional characteristics in high intellectual potential child regarding IQ profile (Homogenous/Heterogenous)
Authors: Hamdioui S. , Vaivre-Douret L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Few studies have analyzed the psychometric profile (Homogenous/Heterogenous), established by the Wechsler scale in high intellectual potential children (HIP, IQ>130), regarding the psycho-socio-emotional characteristics.

Objectives

We aimed to look at the links between the IQ-profile and the psycho-socio-emotional characteristics in HIP.

Methods

Anamnestic questionnaire and Wechsler-Intelligence-Scale for children (WISC-V) were conducted and analyzed in 58 healthy children with HIP, aged 7-to-13 years-old (mean 10y; SD 1.8). It was possible to distinguished 27 Homogenousvs 30 Heterogenous IQ-profile.

Results

No significant difference between homogenous/heterogonous groups, FIQ was positively significantly correlated with “Reacting very little emotionally”, “Tendency to isolation”. Visual-Spatial-Index (VSI) with “Ability to adapt to new people” (r=-0.4, p=0.02), “few interests” (r=0.5, p=0.008). Verbal-Comprehension-Index (VCI) with “Reacting strongly to frustration”, “Difficulties to understand limits”, “Separation anxiety”. A significant difference between homogenous/heterogonous groups was shown regarding “few interests” with high rate in the heterogonous group (t= -2.34, p=0.023).

Conclusions

HIP seems to cover specific psycho-socio-emotional characteristics linked to IQ index distribution. Thus, it appears interesting to assess more the emotional and socio-cognitive field to understand these characteristics in HIP children.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Antipsychotics for irritability in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Muñoz Martinez V. , Beato-Fernández L. , Segura-Escobar E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by qualitative impairments in social interaction, communication, and restricted and repetitive behaviors [1]. Despite of these symptoms, some patients present different manifestations of irritability. These can be expressed in different kinds of disruptive behaviors. Recent studies shown that, at least 20% of children with autism present irritability symptoms, which cause severe social and familiar disturbances [2].

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate short-term efficacy of aripiprazole in children in comparison with other antipsychotic. We include behaviors related to irritability as all kinds of aggressions, tantrums and self-injuries.

Methods

90 patients were recruited. 45 of the patients received aripiprazole and 45 received other antipsychotic. The initial doses of aripiprazole was 2,5 mg/day. Doses were increase related to symptoms. The range of the doses were from 2,5 to 15 mg/day.

Results

From these 45 patients 12 had a relapse (26,6%) during the next two years. From the second group, 20 (44.4%) of the patients had a relapse during the next two years. Five of the aripiprazole group (11,1%) abandon treatment. From the second group twelve patients (26.6%) also abandon treatment. Prolactin rates with aripiprazole were 28.2 ng/ml for males and 14.1 ng/ml for women.

Conclusions

In general, the result of our research indicated that Aripiprazole was effective and generally safe and well tolerated in the treatment of irritability associated with ASD. One of the limitations was that we do not use scales in order to measure the changes.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Stimulant induced Dermatological and Vascular Complications in patients with ADHD: A literature review
Authors: Arain F. , Jawad M. , Azeem A. , Arain H. , Williams A. , Zeshan M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Methylphenidate and amphetamine are the two most widely used stimulants in managing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)1. Reynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is a reversible distal vasoconstriction presenting with various dermatological symptoms. RP can secondarily develop after certain medications as well2.

Objectives

The review was undertaken to synthesize the incidence of RP within ADHD population treated with stimulants, and any causal relation of RP and stimulant-use.

Methods

PubMed, Psych-Info and Google Scholar were searched using these keywords: skin change, Raynaud, stimulants and methylphenidate. All relevant study types were included. Results were synthesized narratively.

Results

Initial search yielded 240 articles with 5 articles fulfilling our inclusion criteria. One was retrospective case-controlled study while remaining 4 were case reports. Six cases were identified with an age of 12-19 years, who presented with RP after being treated with methylphenidate-or-dextroamphetamine. In one case, multiple clinical signs of RP were seen with cold distal fingers, transient color changes and even frank ulceration3–6. In two cases, it was seen that RP was dose-dependent with stimulant use and got resolved after decreasing the dosage respectively. In case-control study, 32 cases with RP and 32 controls were enrolled. The results showed a statistically significant association (χ2 =5, p=0.01) between RP and past-or-current stimulant usage.7

Conclusions

The literature review suggests weak evidence of the association between RP and stimulant use but no evidence of any causal link. Further studies are needed to identify characters that can predict this adverse effect in vulnerable ADHD individuals.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Mental health and academic performance in a cohort of first year primary school children in Chile
Authors: Rivas M. , Gómez G. , Giaconi V. , Burrone M.S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Psychiatric disorders are common in children, and academic attainment is lower in children with psychiatric disorders. There are few data about the occurrence of mental health problems and the academic attainment among children in Chile.

Objectives

To determine the occurrence of mental health problems and its association with academic attainment in first-year students of elementary schools in Chile

Methods

The study was conducted in 39 urban and rural public elementary schools in Chile in 2019. The academic performance was measured using the Woodcock Muñoz IV Battery and the Corsi Bock-Tapping test. Mental health was assessed using the self-report Dominique Interactive and Strengths in children and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) instruments in their parents and teachers. A triangulation of information was conducted between different informants.

Results

Overall 610 children were included in the analysis (mean age 7.10 years (SD=0.58), 51% women, 36% from rural area). A higher score in mathematics and reading was negatively correlated to a higher score in emotional symptoms, hyperactivity and peer relationship difficulties, separately, based on both teacher- and parent-reported SDQ. The correlation coefficient between reading scores with Dominique Interactive and Strengths externalizing symptoms was -0.22 (p<0,05). A higher maternal education level was associated with higher education attainment in their children (p <0,05). There was no association between rurality and children’s mental health symptoms.

Conclusions

The current results can inform local stakeholders in Chile about the importance of mental health at a very early age.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychological Impact of parental cancer on children
Authors: Falfel D. , Korbi S. , Berrazaga Y. , Mejri N. , Homri W. , Boussen H. , Labbane R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Cancer is often a diagnosis that generates instability in many Tunisian families. Children of parents with cancer may respond differently to the treatment. Communication about cancer in Tunisian families needs sometimes professional intervention mainly with children.

Objectives

We aimed to assess psychological impact of cancer parents on their children.

Methods

We interviewed 103 parents of children aged 6-18 years between July and December 2020. Children were not interviewed as they were not allowed into the chemotherapy treatment rooms. The questionnaire included items about emotional and behavioral impact on children.

Results

Patients’ characteristics are are shown in Table 1. In our study, 85 patients (82.5%) told their children they were « sick ». Among the children who were not aware of their parent’s condition, there were significantly more preschoolers, p=0.001. The reasons given by the parents in these cases were the young age of their children (60%) and the fear of generating emotional and behavioral trauma and threatening their psychosocial equilibrium (40%). In our participants 88.3% reported communication disorders with their children when referring to the parental illness.

Conclusions

Parental cancer may have unexpected consequences on children’s behavior which should be handled by a specialist , hence efforts should be made for early detection and better understanding of these disorders.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Health Services Use and Costs in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Germany: Results from a Survey in ASD Outpatient Clinics
Authors: Höfer J. , Hoffmann F. , Dörks M. , Kamp-Becker I. , Küpper C. , Poustka L. , Roepke S. , Roessner V. , Stroth S. , Wolff N. , Bachmann C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are associated with high services use, but European data on costs are scarce.

Objectives

Utilisation and annual costs of 385 individuals with ASD (aged 4-67 years; 18.2% females; 37.4% IQ < 85) from German outpatient clinics were assessed.

Methods

Client Service Receipt Inventory

Results

Average annual costs per person were 3287 EUR, with psychiatric inpatient care (19.8%), pharmacotherapy (11.1%), and occupational therapy (11.1%) being the largest cost components. Females incurred higher costs than males (4864 EUR vs. 2936 EUR). In a regression model, female sex (Cost Ratio: 1.65), lower IQ (1.90), and Asperger syndrome (1.54) were associated with higher costs.

Conclusions

In conclusion, ASD-related health costs are comparable to those of schizophrenia, thus underlining its public health relevance. Higher costs in females demand further research.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Efficacy and Tolerability of Ziprasidone Use in Children and Adolescents, a Systemic Review and Meta Analysis
Authors: Wadhwa A. , Sareen A. , Soeung C. , Penuelas-Calvo I.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Ziprasidone is an atypical antipsychotic that has demonstrated efficacy for the treatment of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. There is some preliminary evidence for Ziprasidone use in children and adolescents with several open label studies and some randomized control trials, therefore it is advantageous to understand where Ziprasidone lies in the treatment algorithm of children and adolescents.

Objectives

The aim of our study is to examine the efficacy and tolerability of Ziprasidone in children and adolescents.

Methods

We conducted a literature search consisting of open label or randomized control trials (RCT) that report on Ziprasidone use in children on the PubMed database. We found 13 studies (11 open label and 2 RCT) that met our inclusion criteria. Our outcome measures included efficacy measures such as BPRS, YMRS, CGI-S and adverse effects such as weight gain, increase in BMI, QTc prolongation, sedation, dizziness and EPS.

Results

Data from thirteen studies was meta-analyzed (Total n= 560, mean age=13.16 years, male= 70.35% that reported the use of Ziprasidone in children and adolescents. We found that Ziprasidone was efficacious in children and adolescents in measures of BPRS (-13.493, p<0.05), YMRS (-14.225, p<0.05), CGI-S (-1.430, p<0.05). In measures of adverse effects, Ziprasidone was not found to cause any significant weight gain (0.164, p>0.05) or change in BMI (-0.159, p>0.05). QTc prolongation was found to be significant (13.122, p<0.05).

Conclusions

Ziprasidone is an efficacious in children and adolescent population. It does not cause significant weight gain, however QTc prolongation and sedation were found to be the most significant side effects .

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The influence of family on health anxiety in frequently ill adolescents
Authors: Shishkova I. , Pervichko E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Adolescents (especially frequently ill) from families where parents show high concern for their health, often themselves make complaints about their health status that do not receive medical confirmation (Kovalenko, 1998; Dielman et al., 1991). A study by T. Dillman and colleagues (1991) revealed a direct link between the perception of the disease in parents and children – the more seriously the parent perceives the child’s condition, the more seriously the child treats it, and the more complaints he has.

Objectives

To study the influence of family on health anxiety in frequently ill adolescents.

Methods

The sample: 98 adolescents (mean age 16.1±0.9), 84 their parents (mean age 44.5±5.0). We used: “Short Health Anxiety Inventory” (SHAI; Salkovskis et al., 2002), The “Research on health-saving activities” (RHSA) questionnaire (Yakovleva, 2014), Questionnaire “Index of attitude toward health” (Deryabo, Yasvin, 1999).

Results

The results of multiple regression analysis showed that health anxiety in adolescents is determined by the following parent’s features: goal-setting in the field of health-preserving activity (-0.661, p=0.036), standards of health (0.518, p=0.028), self-efficacy in the field of health-preserving activity (0.892, p=0.010), cognitive scale of attitude toward health (0.586, p=0.032) and scale of actions (0.059, p=0.002). It is also determined by parents’ vigilance to bodily sensations (0.815, p=0.000).

Conclusions

Health anxiety in adolescents is influenced by both cognitive, motivational and behavioral components of the attitude toward health of their parents, and also sensory (negative physical sensations and symptoms in parents form anxiety about health of their children). Research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 21-18-00624.

Disclosure

Research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 21-18-00624.
Psychotropic drug use among children and adolescents in the Nordic countries - A systematic literature review
Authors: Ollerup D. , Elkrog S. , Stoltz-Andersen M. , Stubmark H. , Rasmussen L. , Wesselhoeft R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The Nordic countries have similar health care and welfare systems, and rather homogenous populations. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect similar use of psychotropic drugs. However, recent studies show marked differences in a range of psychotropic drug classes among children and adolescents in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark.

Objectives

To review the literature regarding psychotropic drug use among children and adolescents in the Nordic countries.

Methods

We performed a critical systematic literature review according to PRISMA guidelines and registered the study protocol at PROSPERO. Three scientific databases were used: PsycINFO, EMBASE and PubMed. Inclusion criteria were: 1) Age: 3-19 years, 2) Country: Denmark, including Faroe Islands and Greenland, Sweden, Norway, Finland, including Aland, and Iceland, 3) Drug of interest: Psychotropics, including Antidepressants, ADHD medication, antipsychotics, hypnotics, anxiolytics, 4) Population based study sample, 5) Observational study design, 6) Original data, 7) English language, 8) Publication date: 2010-2021. The review process was performed by four reviewers in three steps: 1) title/abstract screening, 2) full text screening, and 3) data extraction, including risk of bias assessment. Before study initiation, acceptable interrater reliability was ensured by pilot tests.

Results

The literature search was conducted October 6th, 2021. The PsycINFO database gave 285 hits, EMBASE 1190 hits and PubMed 2185 hits. In total, the literature search gave 3660 hits, of which 294 were duplicates, leaving us with 3366 references. The first screening phase is in process and results will be presented at the EPA conference.

Conclusions

The results of the systematic review will be interpreted and discussed.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Emotional Well-Being of Parents Undergoing Family Therapy in a Children’s Psychiatric Clinic
Authors: Dovbysh D. , Bebchuk M. , Kopytina I. , Rodionova A. , Maruk I. , Balyakina I.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Parents today can be important members of a multi-professional team, helping children with mental illness. The well-being of the parents is an important factor in successfully helping the child and willingness to cooperate with specialists.

Objectives

To investigate the experiences of parents undergoing family psychotherapy on an outpatient basis and during a child’s hospitalization.

Methods

86 parents who applied for family therapy on an outpatient basis and 80 parents (main group) of hospitalized children took part in the study. Participants were offered the following questionnaires: Beck Hopelessness Scale, modified scales of the Dembo-Rubinstein, GAD-7, PHQ-9, Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire. The study was conducted from 04/01/2021 to 04/14/2021.

Results

The main group significantly differs from the outpatient group in the following parameters (according to the t-test): the level of depression (M=18,34 and M=11,61 respectively) and anxiety (M=12,07 and M=7,96 respectively), the quality of life in the sphere of emotional well-being, social sphere, activity and free time, as well as the happiness self-assessment scales. The results on the scales of depression and hopelessness are inversely significantly associated with the willingness of parents to participate in family psychotherapy (r=-0,74, p=0,01) visit the child (r=-0,58, p=0,05), and regularly contact a doctor (r=-0,61, p=0,05).

Conclusions

Depending on the well-being of family members and the tasks facing the family, family assistance may differ depending on the stage of treatment of the child.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Hair cortisol and self-perceived stress in adolescents with functional somatic disorders – a comparison with general population data
Authors: Nyengaard R. , Kallesøe K. , Rimvall M. , Ørnbøl E. , Olsen E.M. , Wyller V. , Rask C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Functional somatic disorders (FSDs) are characterized by persistent and disabling physical symptoms that cannot be attributed to well-defined somatic disorders. In adolescents, the prevalence is around 4-10%. Evidence from adult populations suggests that cortisol plays a role in the development and perpetuation of FSDs, but little is known regarding adolescents. As cortisol accumulates in hair over time, hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is a promising new biomarker for long-term physiological stress. Moreover, adult studies have found associations between HCC levels and self-perceived stress.

Objectives

To compare HCC levels between adolescents with severe FSDs and adolescents from the general population. Furthermore, to investigate the association between HCC and self-perceived stress.

Methods

The data are retrieved from two projects: the AHEAD trial, including 91 15-19-year-old adolescents diagnosed with a severe FSD, and the Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 (CCC2000), including data on 1455 16-17-year-old adolescents. Hair samples were collected for HCC analysis, and web-based questionnaires were used to asses self-perceived stress. Functional somatic symptoms were assessed with the Bodily Distress Syndrome (BDS) checklist.

Results

The data have been collected and will be analysed and presented at the congress.

Conclusions

This study can contribute with knowledge about the potential role of cortisol in FSDs in adolescents, and whether self-perceived stress can be used as a marker for physiological stress measured by HCC. Treatments for adolescents with FSDs still need to be improved. The current study may help to understand whether future treatment strategies should include a greater focus on stress management.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Parent Child Interaction Training (PCIT) in Zurich, Switzerland - Experiences and Results of the first two years
Authors: Zulauf-Logoz M. , Mailaender Zelger V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Parent Child Interaction Training PCIT (Zisser & Eyberg, 2010; Briegel, 2016) is an evidence-based treatment of oppositional defiant disorder in preschool children. However, it is implemented in few institutions in Europe. The advantage of PCIT is the involvement of both child and parents with direct coaching of the parents.

Objectives

We will give an overview of 20 treatment courses we have conducted since the introduction of PCIT at the Zurich University Hospital for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. First, a descriptive analysis of our sample will be conducted. The influence of sample characteristics and intensity of training on the reduction of behavioral problems will be analyzed.

Methods

Parents attend the training for at least 6 months with regular sessions. The transfer into everyday life is achieved by daily homework. We use the Eyberg Child Problem Behavior Inventory as pre-post measurements. The ECBI is filled out by the parents before each session and also enables a progress analysis.

Results

Three times more boys participated than girls. Problem behavior was significantly reduced after the play training phase. There was also a significant overall pre-post effect. The effect seemed to be independent of the parental problem score before training and of the number of play-training sessions.

Conclusions

Parents and children clearly benefit from the play training. For the following cooperation training, the problem load experienced by the parents seems to be more relevant than the intensity of the child’s problem behavior as assessed by them. This is to be examined in the future.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The association between transient childhood psychotic experiences and psychosocial outcomes in young adulthood: examining the role of mental disorder and attachment
Authors: Staines L. , Healy C. , Cotter D. , Kelleher I. , Cannon M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Psychotic experiences (PE) occur most often in childhood, at the same age many mental disorders (MD) develop. There is growing evidence that those who report PE and MD show poorer health outcomes. If this occurs in psychosocial outcomes e.g. self-esteem, stress, mental distress, or social support, is under examined. Attachment anxiety and avoidance are the dimensions of attachment, which is hypothesized to develop in infancy as a mechanism for interpersonal relationships in times of need.

Objectives

To examine the role of transient childhood PE in adult psychosocial outcomes, in those with and without MD. Additionally, to examine if the dimensions of attachment attenuate this model.

Methods

One hundred and three participants attended baseline (age 11 – 13) and 10-year follow-up. PE and MD were collected using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-aged Children, Present & Lifetime Version. Attachment and outcomes were collected using self-report measures. Analysis compared those with PE, MD and PE and MD, to healthy controls.

Results

PE in childhood was associated with lower self-esteem and lower perceived social support from friends. Lower self-esteem in adulthood was more pronounced in those reporting PE and MD, and was additionally associated with stress in relationships, daily life, and mental distress. Childhood MD without PE was not significantly associated with any psychosocial outcomes. Attachment dimensions significantly attenuated the relationship between PE and self-esteem.

Conclusions

This paper illustrates the significant association of childhood PE on adult outcomes, independent of the effect of co-occurring MD, and demonstrate attachment dimensions role in this model.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Neurofibromatosis type 1 comorbid with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Case report
Authors: Del Sol Calderón P. , Paricio Del Castillo R. , Mallol Castaño L. , Izquierdo De La Puente A. , Garcia Moreno M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

A 9-year-old girl under pediatric follow-up since the age of 4 years after diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1

Objectives

To present a case of neurofibromatosis and ADHD comorbidity to raise awareness of the importance of screening for neurodevelopmental disorders.

Methods

Case report and literature review

Results

The patient had an adequate control and follow-up of the disorder with periodic check-ups and magnetic resonance imaging during her follow-up. She was referred due to symptoms of inattention with failure to perform exams and impulsivity in interpersonal relationships, affecting her social functioning. In addition, the patient presented simple motor tics of eye contraction and shoulder elevation. The patient was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder together with tic disorder. She was treated with stimulant medication with worsening of tics and marked hyporexia. Therefore, medication with guanfacine was started up to 4 mg per day, adjusted by weight. With this dose there was a control of the tics, with improvement of the symptoms of inattention and impulsivity. In different spheres an improvement in their functionality was observed, with improvement in mood, self-esteem and academic performance.

Conclusions

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a rare monogenic disorder with a varied presentation (ophthalmologic, dermatologic and predisposition to tumor development). Patientshave been shown to present with symptoms of inattention and executive function impairment, along with other neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders, learning disabilities or intellectual disability. The literature shows that up to 60% of them has ADHD criteria.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Attitude Toward Disorder as Risk Factor for Psycho-Emotional Disturbances in Children with Dysphasia
Authors: Fedorova Y. , Burlakova N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Dysphasia is widespread among children. Awareness of speech difficulties and emotional attitude toward them may influence different aspects of mental activity. The issue is important for development assessment and discussion on potential risk factors causing other mental disorders.

Objectives

The aim of the study was to analyze how children with dysphasia perceive their speech defect and how it influences their behaviour.

Methods

15 children with dysphasia aged 5 years (6 boys, 9 girls) participated in the study. The following methods were used: not included and included observation in a speech therapy group for 6 months, semi-structured interview with educators.

Results

Observation and interviews enabled to discover two groups featuring different attitudes. 1) The first group (n=12) included children who ignored their speech difficulties. Behavioral and speech activity was confident and spontaneous. Children demonstrated difficulties in planning and regulation of activity, low level of self-criticism. In failure situations, children demonstrated egocentrism, emotional rigidity and experienced difficulties in emotional regulation during assessment. 2) The second group (n=3) experienced high anxiety in communicative situations and estrangement caused by hypersensitivity to speech difficulties. Children preferred to use nonverbal communication and reduce speech initiative due to difficulties in verbal self-expression. Emotional specifics were characterized by recurrent ambivalence in the independent activity. Structured situations, such as assessment, actualized active self-control, which sometimes led to communicative difficulties and stupor.

Conclusions

Results demonstrate various attitudes to speech difficulties in children with dysphasia. Behavioral, emotional and personal features are rich material for discussion on risks in mental development of children with speech disorders.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Electroconvulsive therapy in children and adolescents: a case report
Authors: Mallol Castaño L. , Del Sol Calderón P. , Paricio Del Castillo R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Electroconvulsive therapy is a proven treatment for mood and psychotic disorders in adult patients. It is estimated that in children and adolescents this type of therapy is underutilised despite the fact that the most recent studies have supported the success of ECT in these patients. A case is described of a 15-year-old male patient diagnosed with psychotic disorder who was previously treated with several antipsychotics, including clozapine, and finally treated with electroconvulsive therapy.

Objectives

Review of the clinical indications of electroconvulsive therapy in children and adolescents with psychotic or mood disorders through a clinical case of a patient admitted to a Psychiatric Short Stay Unit

Methods

Detailed psychopathological description of the case as well as the treatments used (psychotropic drugs and electroconvulsive therapy).

Results

After the administration of electroconvulsive therapy, an improvement in both positive and negative psychotic symptomatology was observed, with a decrease in soliloquies and an improvement in affective flattening.

Conclusions

Electroconvulsive therapy is an effective treatment in adolescent patients with psychotic and mood disorders, which should be considered as indicated as an effective treatment.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Type 1 diabetes and anxiety in adolescence. A case report
Authors: Franco Soler A. , Cerame A. , Coucheiro Limeres P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence is increasing around the world, being the third chronic medical condition in childhood. It is characterized by pancreatic β-cell loss which leads to insulin deficiency. Treatment includes insulin medication and lifestyle changes. Youngsters with T1D are at a high risk of psychological comorbidity (depression, anxiety, eating disorders), and especially anxiety symptoms have been correlated with worse diabetes control.

Objectives

Our purpose is to examine the impact of T1D in adolescence regarding a case report and literature review.

Methods

We present the case of a 14-year-old female with T1D onset and no psychiatric history. She is referred to our service three months after the T1D onset. Both her parents and the patient were anxious about the diagnostic implications and the treatment. The patient sometimes refused to follow insulin treatment and was angry and labile. Both family and individual assessment interviews were accomplished.

Results

Regarding our assessment and after coordination with endocrine service (doctor and nurse) we diagnosed an [F43.23] Adjustment Disorder (acute, with mixed anxiety and depressed mood). Following recent evidence Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Family Therapy were the election treatment with good outcomes. The patient was released after 3 months of follow-up.

Conclusions

T1D treatment entails lifestyle changes and self-control, which may be stressful and challenging for adolescents and their families, causing mental health problems. Since learning self-care and emotional coping strategies can improve both psychological well-being and glucose management, an interdisciplinary approach including psychological care, especially on the onset, can be crucial.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Menke-Hennekam syndrome 1: A Case Report
Authors: Trusmei M. , Budisteanu M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Menke-Hennekam syndrome (MHS) is a relatively new genetic condition characterized by intellectual disabilities, autistic behavior, auditory defects, recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, microcephaly and short stature. Facial characteristics include short palpebral fissures, telecanthus, depressed nasal bridge, short nose, anteverted nares, short columella, and long philtrum. The genetic defect is represented by missense variants of CREBBP gene, located on exons 30 or 31. There are only around 30 cases reported by now.

Objectives

The aim of the paper is to report a new case of MHS.

Methods

The case is a 3-year-old boy admitted in our department for developmental delay. The clinical examination revealed dysmorphic features; severe speech delay, mild intellectual disability, autistic behaviour.The patient had a personal history of recurrent respiratory infections, visual defect and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Other investigations included EEG, abdominal echography, and cerebral MRI all were normal. The genetic studies included array CGH and WES.

Results

The array CGH was normal. WES identified a pathogenic heterozygote variant c.5600G>A in the exon 31 of CREBBP gene, confirming MHS.

Conclusions

Overall, the features of our patient are consistent with those reported in the previous reports, including developmental and speech delay, autistic behavior, dysmorphic features, recurrent upper way infections, sensorineural hearing loss, and visual defects. Other common features, such as growth delay and microcephaly were not present in our patient. Our case contributes to the clinical characterisation of the new syndrome. Funding: The research leading to these results has received funding from the EEA Grant 2014-2021, under the project contract No 6/2019.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Self injuries in adolescence, an unusual clinical presentation of autism
Authors: Bermejo Pastor A. , Gascón González M. , Jiménez Cabañas M. , Rodado León B. , García Carpintero A. , Pérez Moreno R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Although autism is only twice more common in men than women in general population, in clinical samples women are underrepresented. This difference may be due to a poor sensitivity of current diagnostic criteria of autism related to females. We present a 13-year-old woman referred to the adolescent psychiatric unit for anxiety, self injuries and suicidal ideation. After careful assessment of current symptoms and neurodevelopmental milestones, deficits in emotional-comunicational reciprocity, nonverbal comunication and relationships emerged, as well as inflexible adherence to routines and restricted interests. The diagnose of autism spectrum disorder was made and the patient started a specific treatment.

Objectives

To review the clinical features of autism spectrum disorders in adolescent females and its differential diagnosis.

Methods

Review of the literature on autism spectrum disorders in female and its specific features.

Results

The “Female Autism Phenotype” is a group features that are more common in autistic women, as opposed to the classic symptoms of autism in men. Some of these differential characteristics are: fewer social impairments and higher levels of social motivation; more age and gender appropriate restricted and repetitive interests; more internalizing rather than externalizing symptoms; and a tendency towards camouflaging

Conclusions

- Autism in women is frequently underdiagnosed. - Females express autism in ways that not allways meet the current diagnostic criteria. - The “Female Autism Phenotype” has been proposed as an specific way of expression of autism in females.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Loneliness in adolescents with different social media behavior
Authors: Zakirova E. , Poskrebysheva N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Loneliness is a critical issue of adolescents that has grown severe during the last decade. Social media use is often regarded as negative factor of loneliness experience in connection with escapism. At the same time social media is an important part of adolescents’ communication sphere. The present study aims to explore positive functions of social media which can help adolescents cope with loneliness.

Objectives

The present research studies features of loneliness representation in adolescents with different behavior in social media.

Methods

Multidimensional Inventory of Loneliness Experience; Cognitive Processing of Social Information in Internet Questionnaire; Method of unfinished sentences about loneliness and social media; Questionnaire about social media were used in the study with 44 adolescents, aged from 13 to 18.

Results

Adolescents have a higher level of loneliness (M = 29.6) than the results in 2013 (M = 17.7) show. Context analysis of unfinished sentences shows that 21% of adolescents have a various representation of loneliness, 71% perceive loneliness as negative. General feel of loneliness tends to show negative correlations with adequate perception of information in social media (k = - 0.317; p = 0.038). Negative attitude to loneliness is negatively correlated with interpretation adequacy of social media content (k=-0.568, p<0,001). Adolescents with low levels of holistic social media perceptions have higher levels of loneliness. Use of social media can reduce feelings of loneliness (p = 0.002).

Conclusions

Social media expand adolescents’ representation of loneliness. Productive use of social media can help adolescent cope with loneliness.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Effectiveness of an emotion focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (ECBT) program for externalizing disorders in children and adolescents : clinical profile
Authors: Arfaoui N. , Hajri M. , Abbes Z. , Halayem S. , Bouden A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Externalizing disorders involve undercontrolled, impulsive, or aggressive behavior. Included in this category are Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Attention deficit hyperactivity. Difficulties with emotion regulation are a core feature of externalizing disorders in children and adolescents. Yet, no studies to date have compared the relative efficacy of an ECBT program in this population.

Objectives

to investigate the effectiveness of an ECBT inspired program in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Conduct Disorder (CD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Methods

We conducted an experimental study with a pretest posttest design and a control group. 50 subjects with either ADHD, ODD or CD were selected and assigned to the experimental and control group. 25 patients ages 9–18 (13 boys, 12 girls) were enrolled in the ECBT-inspired program with 19 completing treatment. Comparison of pre- and post-test results for each sub-group was performed using the Wilcoxon test.

Results

showed that youths in the ADHD and ODD groups demonstrated a significant reduction in externalizing behavior problems measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). In terms of emotional regulation, only the group of patients with ODD showed a significant improvement in the cognitive reappraisal subscale of the emotional regulation questionnaire(ERQ- CA ). Only in the ODD group, significant improvement was found in the identification and external oriented thniking subscale scores of the alexithymia questionnaire for children (AQC).

Conclusions

Such comparisons are necessary to determine the clinical profile of patients who might most benefit from such an intervention.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Emotion-focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for externalizing disorders in children and adolescents : an attempt to resolve emotion regulation difficulties
Authors: Arfaoui N. , Hajri M. , Abbes Z. , Halayem S. , Bouden A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Deficient emotion regulation is a common and impairing area of difficulty among children and adolescents with externalizing disorders. Emotion focused cognitive behavioral therapy ECBT is a form of CBT that is suggested to be employed to improve dysregulation of anxiety and other kind of emotions in anxious youth.

Objectives

Examine the efficacy of an Emotion-focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (ECBT) inspired program on emotional regulation difficulties and behavioral problems in children and adolescents with externalizing disorders

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional comparative experimental study. Subjects were 50 patients exhibiting behavioral disorders aged 9 to 18 years , with a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD).Participants were assigned to ECBT and control groups. ECBT group contributed in 12-h weekly sessions within ECBT-inspired program. The control group received standard care. To assess emotion-related competencies, children were administered the emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ-CA) and the alexithymia questionnaire for children(AQC). Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL) to measure youth externalizing problems. Tests were administered in pre- and post-test to all subjects. Both groups were matched for age, sex and educationnal level. Comparison of pre- and post-test results was performed using the Student’s t-test.

Results

ECBT demonstrated a significant difference in the reduction of behavioral problems. ECBT effectively increased adaptive emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal) in the post-test. ECBT also reduced alexithymia scores, particularly difficulty identifying feelings, and externally oriented thinking.

Conclusions

ECBT demonstrated promising initial effectiveness in addressing emotion regulation deficits of children with externalizing behaviors

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
E-Mental Health in Older Age
Authors: Hegerl U.
Published: September 2022

E-Mental Health in older age Ulrich Hegerl, Caroline Oehler Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Goethe Universität Frankfurt/M, Germany European Alliance against Depression e.V. (www.EAAD.net) The implementation and uptake of digital tools for self management or psychotherapy for people suffering from depression or other mental disorders has gained momentum during the Covid-19 pandemia. While studies using waiting list or treatment as usual control groups are of limited value, meta-analyses of RCTs with face-to-face psychotherapy as control condition have found a comparable antidepressant effect, especially when the interventions were provided together with professional guidance. The iFightDepression-tool offered by the European Alliance against Depression (EAAD) is available in 10 different languages and is broadly used in several European countries. Data will be presented concerning the attitude of older people concerning iCBT and also concerning effects of age, guidance, and gender on both adherence to the iFightDepression-tool and antidepressant effects.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.