bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desenvolvimento de um vídeo formativo como instrumento para melhoria da literacia em saúde: um projeto de intervenção
Authors:   USF Gualtar, Flores Tiago Fernandes , Vilela António ,   USF Terras do Ave, Martins Bárbara ,   USF São Lourenço, Gonçalves Mariana Abreu ,   USF Antonina, Pinto João Mário ,   USF Joane, Pereira Ana Isabel ,   USF 7 Fontes, Luís oana Gonçalves ,   USF São Lourenço
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A promoção da literacia em saúde é crucial para que os utentes possam tomar decisões adequadas em matéria de saúde, promovendo uma utilização mais eficiente dos recursos e contribuindo para a sua sustentabilidade. Objetivos: Promover a literacia em saúde entre os utentes de seis Unidades de Saúde Familiar (USF) no Norte de Portugal acerca da organização e estrutura dos cuidados de saúde primários (CSP) e a especialidade médica de medicina geral e familiar (MGF). Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospetivo, do tipo coorte. Foram aplicados questionários em formato Google® Docs a utentes com 18 ou mais anos, que preenchiam os critérios de inclusão, antes e após um mês da intervenção. A intervenção consistiu na visualização de um vídeo formativo preparado pelos autores acerca da organização e os recursos dos CSP e a especialidade de MGF. Resultados: O questionário pré-intervenção foi preenchido por 274 utentes, 165 visualizaram o vídeo educativo e 113 preencheram o questionário pós-intervenção. Apenas 88 utilizadores participaram em todas as fases do projeto e foram considerados elegíveis para a interpretação dos resultados. Após a intervenção verificou-se uma melhoria estatisticamente significativa na classificação geral obtida no questionário, com um aumento na percentagem de respostas corretas de 66,7% para 72,7% (p=0,004; IC 95%). Verificou-se também um aumento na taxa de respostas corretas em quase todas as questões aplicadas. Discussão e Conclusão: A literacia em saúde ajuda os cidadãos a tomar melhores decisões em relação à sua saúde, com um consequente impacto económico e social. Este projeto culminou na criação de uma ferramenta multimédia capaz de melhorar os conhecimentos dos utentes portugueses acerca dos CSP, passível de ser replicada noutros locais do País.
Trigonometric Approximation of the Three-Body Problem: A Double Centroid Approach
Authors: Pérez Felipe Sergio
Published: February 2024

_This manuscript introduces the Double Centroid Approximation, a trigonometric method to simplify the Three-body problem in celestial mechanics. By calculating the centroid of three celestial bodies without and then with motion, it offers a novel approach to determine their dynamic center of mass. Grounded in the Superconducting Field Theory, this method simplifies complex gravitational interactions and dark matter considerations. While applicable within our solar system, its principles may extend to other galaxies, highlighting the potential for broad astronomical applications. This concise methodology underscores the importance of triangulation in understanding celestial mechanics, providing a foundation for future research in the field._
Cadmium Toxicity-Induced Changes in Antioxidative Enzyme Levels in Freshwater Catfish Channa Punctatus (Bloch)
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Kumar Rajesh , Tripathi Madhu , Lal Patel Sipahee
Published: February 2024

Present study has been planned to observe the effect of Cadmium chloride on the locally available economically important edible fish _Channa punctatus _(body weight 27.04±0.19 g and length 16.7±0.20 cm). To assess the effect of cadmium in terms of enzymatic and non-enzymatic assays, laboratory studies have been done. Fish were acclimatized and treated separately with concentrations of 35 mg/L and 70 mg/L of CdCl2. The livers were dissected out and homogenized in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Biochemical analyses were done for lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and protein estimations. The results were shown as mean and standard error (Mean ± SEM). The analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were analysed and significantly applied for the Dunnett test for multiple comparisons of groups against the control, which determined the significant differences among the groups. This study is of academic importance and will provide valuable information regarding cadmium toxicity. At the same time, it will address the public health issue as far as consumption of fishes from contaminated water is concerned.
Neurobiology of Music and its Application in Dementia
Authors: Altable Marcos
Published: February 2024

Therapeutic music proves to be an excellent alternative to improve the mental performance of elderly residents in long-term care facilities, as it is a non-invasive activity that has physiological and psychological benefits, improving the ability to interact in society and decreasing the individual's stress. This study aims to show the relevance of music as a complementary therapy in the care of the elderly living in geriatric institutions. In this analysis, it was possible to observe several benefits of therapeutic music, such as increased individual comfort, effect on pain, decrease in systolic blood pressure and anxiety, sleep regulation, better social interaction, and reduction of the severity of symptoms of pharmacotherapy increasing the comfort level of these patients. Therefore, its multiple benefits, ease of use, and lack of side effects corroborate that this technique is being used increasingly.
Headache in Acute and Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-Cov-2 (PASC) or Long COVID
Authors: Altable Marcos , Akram Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Headache is a prevalent symptom of COVID-19 and long COVID, and they can be debilitating. If you experience headaches, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment. It has been observed that a considerable proportion of individuals (ranging from 6-45%) diagnosed with COVID-19 and exhibiting symptoms of headache during the acute phase, tend to experience persistent headaches in the post-symptomatic phase. This observation highlights the need for further research into the long-term effects of COVID-19, particularly concerning its neurological impact on patients. It is imperative to conduct more studies to understand the underlying mechanisms and pathophysiology of such headaches in order to provide appropriate treatment and management strategies for those affected. The pathophysiology is not clear. Headaches during COVID-19 can stem from both direct effects of the virus and broader systemic reactions like inflammation and hypoxemia. Key symptoms such as headache, loss of smell, and loss of taste suggest the virus's potential to cause local inflammation early in the infection. Neurological findings, including microhemorrhages in the olfactory bulb, underline the virus's impact on the nervous system. Inflammatory markers are elevated in patients with severe headaches, indicating an inflammatory response. The trigeminovascular system's activation due to olfactory and nasal inflammation, alongside a hypoxic state from reduced oxygen levels, are believed to contribute to headaches. SARS-CoV-2's entry into the central nervous system (CNS), possibly through the olfactory pathway or a compromised BBB, can lead to a range of neurological symptoms, with inflammation and coagulopathy playing roles in headache development. Persistent headaches post-infection suggests a lasting inflammatory response, necessitating further research and clinical attention for management.
Uretero-ureteroanastomosis distal ipsilateral. Una alternativa segura en doble sistema renal completo con patología asociada
Authors: Espinoza G. Bárbara , Retamales Rojas Francisca , Sierralta B. Consuelo , Gómez G. Nelson , Pinilla S. César , Correa T. Ramón , Rodriguez H. Jorge
Published: February 2024

En pacientes con doble sistema renal completo con afectación de un solo sistema existen varias alternativas quirúrgicas para su resolución. La uretero-uretero anastomosis se ha presentado como una buena alternativa, incluso en casos con atrofia del sistema patológico.Objetivo: Reportar nuestra experiencia en pacientes portadores de doble sistema renal completo con sólo un sistema afectado, con la técnica quirúrgica de uretero-uretero anastomosis.Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con doble sistema renal con patología de uno de los sistemas, tratados con técnica de uretero-uretero anastomosis entre enero 2015 y mayo 2022. Se evaluaron las variables de edad, patología específica del sistema afectado, estudio preoperatorio, días de hospitalización, complicaciones postoperatorias (filtración, obstrucción, infección) y tiempo de seguimiento.Resultados: Se analizaron 26 procedimientos en 25 pacientes, edad promedio 36,8 meses (rango 8-80); 53,8% presentaban uréter ectópico, 23% ureterocele, 11,5% ureterocele tipo esfintérico, y 11,5% RVU del sistema inferior. Todos fueron estudiados en el preoperatorio con uretrocistografía, y 65% con cintigrama. El 50% de los sistemas intervenidos presentaba signos de atrofia renal. El promedio de hospitalización fue de 2,2 días (rango: 1-7). En un seguimiento promedio de 26,5 meses (rango: 3-77) un paciente presentó filtración, ningún paciente presentó signos sugerentes de obstrucción y uno presentó infección urinaria febril con persistencia de reflujo de menor grado.Conclusión: En nuestra experiencia, la técnica de uretero-uretero anastomosis resultó ser una alternativa fácil y segura de reproducir, con una tasa de éxito del 96%, un 11% de complicaciones grado I, y un 4% de complicaciones grado II según la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo.
Insatisfacción corporal, autoestima, sintomatología depresiva y estado nutricional en adolescentes
Authors: Morán Camila , Victoriano Montserrat , Parra Jaime , Ibacache Ximena , Pérez Ruth , Sánchez Julieta , Sáez Katia , Mosso Corral Constanza Isabel
Published: February 2024

En la adolescencia y sobre todo en mujeres se ha evidenciado una mayor insatisfacción corporal, la cual se define como una evaluación negativa del propio cuerpo, siendo un fuerte predictor de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria y la obesidad. Objetivo:Relacionar la insatisfacción corporal con la autoestima, depresión y el índice de masa corporal en adolescentes. Sujetos y Método: Estudio cuantitativo, correlacional y transversal, en una muestra de 397 adolescentes escolarizados/as (180 hombres y 217 mujeres) de la ciudad de Concepción, Chile, edades 10 a 19 años, a quienes se les aplicaron los siguientes instrumentos: Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) para evaluar la insatisfacción corporal, Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg, Inventario de Depresión de Beck II para mayores de 14 años, y Escala de Birleson para menores de 14 años. Se determinó el z-score del índice de masa corporal. Se estimó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman de todas las variables. Resultados: Se reportó insatisfacción corporal en un 54,9 % en mujeres y un 18,3 % en los hombres. La insatisfacción corporal se correlacionó positivamente con la edad, z-IMC y depresión (p < 0,01) y negativamente con la autoestima (p < 0,01). Al diferenciar por sexo la insatisfacción corporal se mantuvieron las mismas correlaciones significativas, salvo la edad. Conclusiones: Los resultados confirman la relación entre insatisfacción corporal con autoestima, depresión y el IMC. Se destaca la importancia de promover una autoestima e imagen corporal saludables desde edades tempranas para prevenir los trastornos alimentarios y la obesidad.
Estrategias y recomendaciones para enfrentar la enfermedad por virus respiratorio sincicial el año 2024
Authors: Paris Enrique , Daza Paula , Tapia Lorena , Diaz Juan Pablo , Cruces Romero Pablo , Castillo Andrés , González Cecilia , Endeiza María Luz , Jofré Leonor , Castro Fabiola , Zamorano Alejandra , Rodriguez Jaime , Acevedo Johanna , Santa Cruz Teresita , González Jaime , Escárate Raúl , Moreno Juan Pablo , Cisternas Paula
Published: February 2024

Durante el invierno de 2023, Chile enfrentó una compleja situación relacionada con al virus respiratorio sincicial (VRS). Después de experimentar una disminución en la circulación del VRS durante los años de la pandemia de SARS-CoV-2, se observó un brote tardío en la primavera de 2022 y un inicio anticipado del brote en 2023, con un aumento significativo en el número de casos graves. La poca efectividad en la planificación estratégica y comunicación de riesgo contribuyeron a la complejidad de la situación. Para evitar lo anterior el próximo invierno, se sugieren medidas como vigilancia activa, unificación de definiciones para infecciones respiratorias agudas, identificación de variantes del VRS, educación pública sobre contagios y preparación anticipada respecto a camas hospitalarias y personal de salud. Se destaca la importancia de la inmunización y colaboración intersectorial para adquirir nuevas alternativas preventivas como también la necesidad de una comunicación temprana sobre la importancia de la inmunización e identificación de grupos de alto riesgo, mejora en capacitaciones del personal médico y planificación estratégica del Ministerio de Salud buscando un enfoque proactivo y colaborativo para abordar la compleja situación del VRS en futuros inviernos. El Comité Asesor en Vacunas y Estrategias de Inmunización de Chile ya realizó un análisis y recomendación sobre una nueva alternativa de prevención. Este grupo de trabajo apoyará cualquier decisión del Ministerio de Salud en políticas públicas que intenten un cambio en el paradigma del control de esta enfermedad por la salud de los niños/as de nuestro país.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ НЕЙРОМАРКЕТИНГУ ПРИ ПРОСУВАННІ ТОВАРІВ І ПОСЛУГ В СОЦІАЛЬНИХ МЕРЕЖАХ
Authors: Лозовська Ганна , Значек Рафаела
Published: February 2024

У статті досліджуються поняття «нейромаркетинг», визначаються його основні методи, а також інструменти які використовуються при просуванні товарів і послуг в соціальних мережах. Нейромаркетинг – це галузь маркетингу, яка використовує знання про людський мозок та нейрологічні процеси для розуміння споживацьких реакцій і впливу на прийняття рішень. При просуванні товарів і послуг в соціальних мережах використання інструментів нейромаркетингу може допомогти краще розуміти та взаємодіяти з цільовою аудиторією. Авторами систематизовано основні інструменти як фундаментального так і інструментального нейромаркетингу, визначені основні які застосовуються при просуванні товарів і послуг в соціальних мережах. Окреслено напрями удосконалення існуючих інструментів і їх більш ефективного використання.
МЕМОРІАЛЬНИЙ ТУРИЗМ ЯК ПЕРСПЕКТИВНИЙ НАПРЯМ ПІСЛЯВОЄННОГО ТУРИЗМУ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Табенська Оксана
Published: February 2024

Розглянуто сутність понять “європейська ідентичність“, “національна ідентичність“, базові європейські цінності: верховенство права, рівність, повага до людської гідності, повага до прав людини, свобода і демократія. Досліджено “Декларацію Відповідальності Людини“ Богдана Гаврилишина відомого вченого-економіста Міжнародного інституту менеджменту в Женеві, учасника “Пласту“. Проаналізовано відомі особистості, які продовжили закони та настанови “Пласту“ – Національної скаутської організації України під час російсько-української війни, які віддали життя за Незалежність України, а саме: Степан Тарабалка, Віктор Гурняк, Віталій Дерех, Богдан Сенюк, Тарас Гаврилишин, Євген Подолянчук, Тарас Давидюк, Артем Димид та інші. Проведено дослідження проблем та перспектив розвитку меморіального туризму в Україні та заходи, які започатковує Державне агентство з розвитку туризму України та місцеві органи влади.
ВИРОБНИЦТВО НУТУ ЯК ОДИН ІЗ НАПРЯМІВ НІШЕВОЇ ДИВЕРСИФІКАЦІЇ АГРОБІЗНЕСУ
Authors: Томашевська Ольга
Published: February 2024

У статті обґрунтовано необхідність диверсифікації українського агробізнесу в контексті вирощування нішевих культур на прикладі нуту. Зазначено, що світові баланси продовольства ілюструють достатній рівень пропозиції зернових, а внутрішній ринок характеризується значними запасами неекспортованих зернових культур і продуктів переробки соняшника. До того ж, проблеми у логістичному ланцюгу, які виникли внаслідок воєнного вторгнення, роблять високоймовірним ризик суттєвого зростання перехідних запасів, які вчасно не реалізуються. Здійснено аналіз рівня і динаміки виробництва нуту в Україні (у тому числі у регіональному розрізі) упродовж останніх п’яти років довоєнного періоду (2017-2021 рр.) та у 2022 р. Підкреслено, що введення нуту у сівозміни окрім економічного, має і стійкий екологічний ефект. Наголошено на доцільності розвитку переробки нуту в напрямку виробництва продуктів здорового харчування (хумусу, хумусових снеків, хлібців, аквафаби тощо), що забезпечить створення доданої вартості у харчовій промисловості.
MARKETING COMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Cherkasy State Technological University, Hanzhala Iryna , Shevchenko Nataliia ,   Cherkasy State Technological University, Pepchuk Serhiy ,   Cherkasy State Technological University
Published: February 2024

The article examines the trends in the development of marketing communication in Ukraine, because with the emergence of search engines such as Yahoo, AltaVista, and later Google, new opportunities for promotion in the network appeared. As a result, the concept of search engine optimization (SEO) and contextual advertising arose. Since then, companies have started optimizing their websites to improve their search engine rankings. The concept of innovation and features of marketing communication are defined, the essence of electronic business and electronic commerce is considered. Types and features of virtual goods (stores) are considered: corporate virtual stores and intermediary virtual stores. An analysis of online marketing, as well as the number of Internet users worldwide for a certain period, was carried out. We considered the reasons for the growing popularity of online marketing and expanding the possibilities of its use. It is analyzed how the war affected the e-commerce market and the development of marketing communication in Ukraine. The scope of the e-commerce market in Ukraine is considered. The article analyzes the costs of Internet advertising in Europe. The concepts and features of interactive advertising are defined. Progressive methods for the latest communication technologies are evaluated, such as: social networks, wearables – mobile devices, youtubers, content marketing, crowdsourcing and co-creation, experimental and reverse marketing, holistic marketing, Lovemarks marketing, viral and guerilla marketing. Customer relationship management, the use of new technologies in modern marketing, individual video content, Beacon – Proximity, accessibility of social networks, 3D printers, visual Internet, mobile applications, smart sensors and geoentertainment are characterized. It was analyzed that every year marketing communications continue to develop, new technologies, strategies and approaches appear to meet changes in consumer behavior and technology. Successful marketing requires constant improvement and adaptation to change, and companies that are open to new ideas and willing to experiment will have a better chance of success in the future.
Percepciones, experiencias y posicionamientos sobre la violencia de género en las redes sociales. Resultados de una encuesta a la juventud andaluza
Authors: Sosa Valcarcel Aimiris , Galarza Fernández Emelina , Ranea-Triviño Beatriz
Published: February 2024

El estudio analiza las percepciones, experiencias y posicionamientos de la juventud andaluza sobre la violencia que se ejerce contra las mujeres en las redes sociales. A partir de la realización de una encuesta se obtiene que, en estos espacios, la juventud encuentra un repertorio de prácticas violentas, legitimadas en la propia cultura digital. Se aprecia también una dimensión organizativa de la violencia, en tanto muchas de estas prácticas relacionadas con el acoso o la humillación son organizadas en los entornos de la manosfera, llegando a traspasar la virtualidad para ejecutarse en el escenario offline.
Gobernanza en la migración a la Unión Europea: 2015-2021
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Arce Rodríguez Lourdes Margarita
Published: February 2024

En un ámbito de lenta recuperación desde la crisis económica, la Unión Europea asiste a una crisis migratoria provocada por grandes oleadas de personas que ingresan, exponiendo la necesidad de reformular la política migratoria de la Unión, en un escenario de regulaciones migratorias de los Estados miembros que muestran una heterogeneidad de expresiones nacionalistas cuyas formulaciones se desarrollan en tendencias conservadoras y aislacionistas, propuestas sostenidas por partidos políticos con posiciones escépticas y antiinmigración.
Impact of CEO Ownership on Financial Performance: Evidence from Nigerian Listed Firms
Authors: Ahmad Tijjani Habibu , Umar Umar Bello
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the impact of CEO ownership on financial performance among Nigerian listed firms from 2016 to 2022. The study population encompasses all the 157 companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) as of January 2023. Employing census filtering criteria, a total of 94 companies qualifies as the sample for the study, contributing 658 firm-year observations over the seven years. Secondary data is extracted from the annual reports and accounts of the selected companies, covering the period from 2016 to 2022. The study utilized descriptive, correlation, and panel corrected standard error (PCSE) analyses to examine the data collected. The findings reveal a significant positive association between CEO ownership and financial performance, indicating that higher CEO ownership levels are associated with improved firm outcomes. This underscores the importance of aligning managerial incentives with shareholder interests to drive sustainable value creation. The results highlight the critical role of robust corporate governance mechanisms in fostering accountability and enhancing shareholder wealth within the Nigerian corporate landscape. To capitalize on these findings, policymakers, regulators, and stakeholders are urged to prioritize governance frameworks that promote CEO ownership and transparency. Moreover, future research directions are outlined, emphasizing the need for deeper exploration of the mechanisms underlying CEO ownership's influence on financial performance and comparative studies across diverse emerging market contexts. Through these endeavors, this study contributes to advancing our understanding of corporate governance dynamics and informing evidence-based policy interventions tailored to the needs of evolving market environments.
GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES FOR MAPPING AND ANALYSIS OF CLIMATIC VARIABLES IN GOMBE STATE, NORTH-EAST NIGERIA.
Authors: IKUSEMORAN MAYOMI , ANDREW EZRA , BELLO YUSUF
Published: February 2024

This study was carried out to apply satellite- based climatic data in geospatial environment to downscale climatic data into smaller political units and to generate and analyse thematic maps of climatic variables in Gombe State. Spatial climatic data on rainfall, minimum and maximum temperature were obtained from DivaGIS climatic data, while water vapour, solar radiation and wind speed were derived from the WorldClim climatic data. Monthly climatic records from 1981-2021 in twenty-four points evenly spread across Gombe State on rainfall, minimum/maximum temperature and relative humidity were obtained from NASA Power Project to generate the trends and seasonal patterns of temperature and rainfall. Daily climatic records of rainfall were also acquired from globalweather climatic data between 1979 and 2013 and processed to derive the values of rainfall indices using Nieuwolt formula. The monthly climatic records were processed using the kriging module of ArcGIS to transform the point climatic data to spatial data. The result revealed that rainfall in Gombe State occurs mainly between May and September with the peak in August, while the trends in rainfall was decreasing at the southern and northern parts of the state but increasing at the central region. Rainfall onset occurs in the 1st or 2nd week of May in the south, but late (1st week of June) in the north. Rainfall cessation at the central and northern parts of the state occurs in the 3rd or 4th weeks of September, while the southern part experiences late cessation between the 1st and 3rd week of October. The LRS ranges from 95-111 and 160-175 days in the northern and southern parts respectively. High relative humidity was recorded between May and October with the peak in August. Spatial patterns of solar radiation and wind speed were also generated and analyzed. Awareness of the use of satellite based climatic data and geospatial techniques for downscaling climatic data were recommended in order to ease the problems of lack or inadequate climatic data for spatial mapping. Causal factors for the spatial patterns of climatic variables in Gombe state was suggested for further studies.
A Qualitative Perspective of Entrepreneurial Intention Among Students in a Private Higher Institution in Selangor
Authors: Law Kyra , Jaafar Norizan
Published: February 2024

Entrepreneurship as a field of study has different sub-dimensions due to its usefulness in society, which makes it difficult to gain a holistic understanding of its key due to practical applications. A shift in generations creates a different yet unique business environment, especially in new business ventures. Younger generations have a different view and insight about entrepreneurship in small business. Thus, this study aims to seek deeper insight into entrepreneurial behaviour and intention among younger generations. Twenty semi-structured interviews with students from a higher private university in Malaysia were performed using the qualitative method. Using Nvivo 12, the interviews' transcriptions were used for content analysis to produce themes. This study highlights the four emerging themes from students’ perspectives: expectations for future goals, financial constraints in business venturing, personal growth, and opportunity cost to venture into business. The results of this study add to the body of knowledge in the field of entrepreneurship research since they emphasize students' intentions, worries, and considerations while starting a small firm. Additionally, it contributes to empirical research aimed at improving entrepreneurship ecosystems.
Enhancing Conversions and Lead Scoring in Online Professional Education
Authors: Yim Wen Yang , Khaw Khai Wah , Lim Shiuh Tong , Chew XinYing
Published: February 2024

This study seeks to enhance lead conversion for online professional education providers by using supervised machine learning algorithms for lead conversion targeting and lead scoring, including Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machines, Naïve Bayes, Random Forst, Bagging, Boosting, and Stacking. A lead dataset was used to train and test the machine-learning models. The Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) is used to establish a precise lead profile. The performance of the trained lead conversion models was evaluated and compared using the 10-Folds cross-validation method based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results show that Stacking is the best model with an accuracy of 0.9233, precision of 0.9391, and F1-score of 0.8939. Meanwhile, the Logistic Regression-based lead scoring model demonstrated promising potential for automating lead scoring. The results of the Logistic Regression-based lead scoring model achieved an accuracy of 0.9019, recall of 0.9019, precision of 0.9015, and F1-score of 0.9014. The optimal lead scoring threshold is 0.20, which stroked the optimal trade-off balance between accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.
New Sustainable Pd(II)/Fe(III) Catalytic System Very Efficient in the Hydromethoxycarbonylation of 1-octene
Authors: Vavasori Andrea , Fantinel Beatrice , Ronchin Lucio , Zanrosso Francesco , Bulybayev Marat , Kudaibergenov Nurbolat , Shalmagambetov Kairzhan , Zhaksylykova Gulbanu
Published: February 2024

In order to increase the catalytic activity of the Pd(II)-complexes in the alcoxycarbonylation of 1-olefins, the presence in solution of a strong Brönsted acid together with a phosphine ligand is usually required. From an industrial point of view, such two additives, however, influenced the sustainability of the process mainly caused by the related corrosion of the reaction vessel and the toxicity of the phosphine ligand.In this paper, the methoxycarbonylation of 1-octene has been efficiently carried out by using the [Pd(TsO)2(PPh3)2]/FeCl3 catalyst system. The catalyst is very active also without addition of PPh3, reaching the TON of ca. 1300 (mol/mol) in 2 hours by using the Fe(III)/Pd(II) = 400/1 (mol/mol) system. Such value is higher than the values obtained by using the traditional strong Brönsted acid TsOH or other Lewis acid such as AlCl3, in the presence of PPh3. The reaction takes place with the formation of two isomeric products of linear and branched structures with a yield towards the linear isomer of ca. 80%.
Ovarian Cancer Detection Based on Elman Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Farhan Hameed R. , Kod Muayad S. , Taqi Arwa , Ghazi Suleiman A.
Published: February 2024

The early detection of cancers increases the possibility of health recovery and prevents the disease from becoming a silent killer. This study introduces an effective method for identifying ovarian cancer (OC) using Elman Recurrent Neural Network (ERNN), which can recognize cancer via mass spectrometry data. The network has a topology of 100 input neurons for receiving data, five neurons for hidden and context layers, and two output nodes to indicate the status. The proposed method uses reduced-size features, including ion concentration levels at specific mass/charge values, which are trained using various learning algorithms to determine the suitable one that achieves the best results. The experimental results show that all the training algorithms achieve about 100% performance rate, with the Levenberg Marquardt (LM) being the most accurate and fastest algorithm, which converges after six epochs and achieves 0.0035, 0.0045 and 0.0045 mean square errors for training, validation, and test performances, respectively. Based on comparative results, the proposed LM-ERNN method outperforms other OC detection methods and holds promise for detecting other types of cancer.
Security–Energy Nexus in Indonesia’s Border: The Case of Natuna
Authors: Yusgiantoro Purnomo , Siagian Utjok WR , Reksoprodjo Agus HS , Gustin Debby RA , Asri Novena Damar
Published: February 2024

Natuna is one of the outmost islands in northern Indonesia. Natuna is vital as it delimits Indonesia’s territorial and deposits abundant energy resources. However, Natuna is also vulnerable, as it is adjacent to (and is partly located in) the South China Sea, a flash point in the region. As the sea is rich in natural resources, many countries around the sea are competing to control it, which leads to disputes. This study combines a literature review with interviews and finds that the risk of threats in the Natuna area encourages Indonesia to establish a military base there. The military base plays a role in securing Indonesia’s sovereignty over the Natuna area, including energy resources, an essential resource for the economy and development. This study proposes a new notion of ‘energy resource effects’ that influence the development of the situation and Indonesia’s decision to build a military base in the Natuna area. The energy-security nexus, thus, implies the close relationships between energy and security and how the two affect each other. Finally, this study also offers Indonesia’s perspective on securing its border areas, especially those rich in energy resources.
Risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infections in young infants under the age of 24 months
Authors: Son Min Hwa , Yim Hyung Eun
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children is a major challenge for pediatricians. This study was designed to investigate the risk factors for recurrent UTIs and determine the association between recurrent UTIs and clinical findings, including growth patterns in infants and children younger than 24 months of age. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 147 patients <24 months of age with UTIs who were hospitalized between August 2018 and October 2021. The patients were divided into recurrent and single UTI episode groups. Clinical findings and anthropometric and laboratory data were compared between the two groups.Results:In the recurrent UTI group, the weight-for-length (WFL) percentile at the first UTI diagnosis was lower compared to the single UTI episode group, and the weight-for-age percentile at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups after the first UTI decreased (all P<0.05). In univariable logistic regression analysis, higher birth weight, lower WFL percentile, the presence of hydronephrosis, acute pyelonephritis or vesicoureteral reflux, the use of prophylactic antibiotics, and non-Escherichia coli infections were associated with the development of recurrent UTIs (all P<0.05). However, in the multivariable analysis, only the presence of hydronephrosis and prophylactic antibiotic use were independently related to UTI recurrence (P<0.05). Conclusion: The presence of hydronephrosis at the first UTI can be helpful for predicting UTI recurrence in young children aged < 24 months. Antibiotic prophylaxis may be associated with UTI recurrence. Potential growth delay should be carefully monitored in infants with recurrent UTI.
ChatGPT (GPT-4) passed the Japanese National License Examination for Pharmacists in 2022, answering all items including those with diagrams: a descriptive study
Authors: Sato Hiroyasu , Ogasawara Katsuhiko
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the performance of ChatGPT (GPT-4) on all items, including those with diagrams, in the Japanese National License Examination for Pharmacists (JNLEP) and compare it with the previous GPT-3.5 model’s performance.Methods: The 107th JNLEP, conducted in 2022, with 344 items input into the GPT-4 model, was targeted for this study. Separately, 284 items, excluding those with diagrams, were entered into the GPT-3.5 model. The answers were categorized and analyzed to determine accuracy rates based on categories, subjects, and presence or absence of diagrams. The accuracy rates were compared to the main passing criteria (overall accuracy rate ≥62.9%).Results: The overall accuracy rate for all items in the 107th JNLEP in GPT-4 was 72.5%, successfully meeting all the passing criteria. For the set of items without diagrams, the accuracy rate was 80.0%, which was significantly higher than that of the GPT-3.5 model (43.5%). The GPT-4 model demonstrated an accuracy rate of 36.1% for items that included diagrams.Conclusion: Advancements that allow GPT-4 to process images have made it possible for LLMs to answer all items in medical-related license examinations. This study’s findings confirm that ChatGPT (GPT-4) possesses sufficient knowledge to meet the passing criteria.
Chemical Characteristics of Kepok Banana Bud (Musa Paradisiaca Linn.) Flakes with Variations of Mocaf Flour
Authors: Fitriani Aprilia , Toni Denna Rianda , Rahmadhia Safinta Nurindra
Published: February 2024

Flakes are food products that have the shape of thin sheets, brownish yellow in color with a practical presentation. Flakes are easy to process and generally consumed for breakfast. Flakes that are rich in dietary fiber and protein can serve as a source of energy while also offering functional advantages. The objective of this study is to generate flakes with elevated levels of dietary fiber and protein by utilizing mocaf and yellow kepok banana bud flour. The use of mocaf flour in the manufacture of flakes intends to improve the fiber content, while the use of yellow kepok banana bud (YKBB) flour aims to boost the protein level. This research was conducted to determine the chemical characteristics of flakes with variations of mocaf flour and KBF. The chemical characteristics include moisture, ash, crude fiber, total protein, lipid, and carbohydrate content. This study used a completely randomised design (CRD) with 2 replications with a ratio of wheat flour, mocaf flour, and YKBB flour as much as the control (20g:0g:0g), F1 (10g:10g:0g), F2 (10g:2.5g:7.5g), F3 (10g:5g:5g) and F4 (10g:7.5g:2.5g). The results showed that the moisture content was 2.43–3.19% w.b., the ash content was 2.55–11.72% d.b., the crude fiber content was 2.17–8.40% d.b., the total protein content was 4.34–7.85% d.b., lipid content 2.46–3.17% d.b., and carbohydrate content was 76.91–87.98% d.b.
Case Study of Strengths-Based Solution-Focused Counseling for an Adolescent Experiencing a Crisis Due to School Maladjustment
Authors:   Korean Correction Counseling Psychological Association, Choi Jong Il
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to apply strengths-based solution-focused counseling to adolescents who experience a crisis due to maladaptation at school, and to investigate the change process through a case study. In this study, strengths-perspective solution-focused counseling targets at-risk youth who are experiencing negative emotions related to deviant and delinquent behavior, due to maladjustment to school. The study was conducted through a process in which participants discovered their own strengths, resources, and support systems, and utilized them for change. The strengths-based solution-oriented counseling process was conducted a total of six times, from May 2023 to July 2023. Study participants experienced negative emotions in relationships with others due to school maladjustment, deviance, and delinquent behavior, and thus their self-esteem and sense of efficacy decreased. The purpose of this study was to focus on the changes desired by participants, and to discover their strengths and resources through solutions-oriented counseling from a strengths-based perspective. Participants made efforts to explore and act on the changes they desired. In the follow-up counseling, the participant was confident and was continuously taking action to achieve the changes discussed with the researcher. Strengths-based solution-focused counseling helps at-risk youth discover their strengths and resources, and assists in making desired changes in a short period of time. Finally at-risk youth were able to explore the changes they desired, and improve their positive self-image and sense of efficacy.
A nátrium-glükóz kotranszporter-2-inhibitoroknak a diabetes mellitus kezelésén túlmutató reno- és kardioprotektív hatásai
Authors: Ambrus Csaba , Benczúr Béla
Published: February 2024

Az eredetileg antidiabetikumként alkalmazott SGLT2-gátlók nem várt mértékben javították a szívbetegségek (elsősorban a szív - elégtelenség) kimenetelét és közel a felére csökkentették a renalis események kockázatát diabeteses betegekben. Később ezeknek a szereknek az adása a primer renalis végpontú vizsgálatokban és a szívelégtelenségben szenvedő betegekben is jelentősen csökkentették a morbiditást és mortalitást – diabeteses és nem diabeteses betegekben egyaránt. Figyelembe véve ezeket az újabb eredményeket, a nemzetközi és hazai irány elvekben mind krónikus vesebetegségben, mind a szívelégtelenség teljes spektrumában az SGLT2-gátlók elsőként választandó szereknek minősülnek, melyeket minél korábban kellene adni. 2024 elejétől végre már nemcsak 2-es típusú diabetesben, ha - nem diabetes nélkül krónikus vesebetegségben és csökkent ejectiós frakcióval járó szív - elégtelenségben is emelt összegű támogatással javasolhatók Magyarországon is ezek a betegség kimenetelét jelentősen javító készítmények.
Development of Highly Machinable Ti Alloy with Exceptional Tensile Properties by Er Alloying Element Addition
Authors: Choi Yi Seul , Oh Jeong Mok , Park Chan Hee , Lee Wook Jin , Park Yong ho , Won Jong Woo
Published: February 2024

This study demonstrates that the addition of the rare earth element Erbium (Er) significantly enhances the machinability and tensile properties of titanium (Ti). Pure Ti alloys and Er-added Ti alloys with 0.5-1.1 wt.% Er content were prepared, and their microstructure, machinability, and tensile properties were compared. Two different types of Er secondary phase particles were identified in the microstructure: pure Er and Er-oxide. The amounts of these particles increased with higher Er content. The machinability of the Eradded Ti alloys was significantly improved due to the ability of Er secondary particles to cut machining chips or absorb heat from localized deformation within the Ti matrix. In addition, Er-added Ti alloys exhibited higher strength than pure Ti. The strength enhancement was attributed to grain refinement induced by the Er element. Er secondary phase particles reduced the β grain size during solidification, and they also served as preferential sites for α nucleation during the β → α phase transformation, resulting in a refined microstructure. In addition, the Er secondary phase contributed to the strength enhancement through the well-known precipitation strengthening mechanism. Although ductility decreased with higher Er content due to the increased amount of Er secondary phase particles, 0.5 wt.% Er-added Ti showed no such degradation; its ductility was comparable to that of pure Ti. Er-oxidation was expected to reduce oxygen content within the Ti matrix, enhancing intrinsic Ti ductility; this effect offset the adverse impact on ductility caused by the Er secondary phase particles. Above 0.5 wt.% Er, the adverse effects caused by the Er secondary phase particles overwhelmed the beneficial effect caused by the reduction in oxygen content. The present findings will contribute significantly to the development of highly machinable Ti alloys with superior tensile properties.
Behavior of Compound Materials on Superhydrophobic Cylinders: Effects of Droplet’s Size and Interface Angle
Authors: Choi Woorak , Yun Sungchan
Published: February 2024

Compound droplets can consist of two or more immiscible substances sharing an interface. Among such droplets, the low-viscosity component of Janus droplets can exhibit peculiar bouncing behavior on nonwettable surfaces. There have been recent advances in droplet control technologies, however the impact dynamics of droplets on complex surfaces, and strategies to control their behavior, have not been extensively studied. This study employs the volume of fluid method to analyze the effects of Janus droplet size and the initial interface angle on the dynamics of the two fluidic components in droplets on superhydrophobic cylinders. Janus droplets are composed of low-viscosity (W-) and high-viscosity liquid (G-component). The dynamic characteristics of Janus droplets are investigated as a function of Weber number (We), initial interface angle, the ratio of the droplet’s diameter to the cylinder’s diameter, and viscosity ratio (α). Numerical models provide a regime map of the separation ratio of Janus droplets based on We and α, and the influence of droplet size on asymmetric bouncing is discussed. This study also examines the threshold We at which separation begins after impact, varying with droplet size and α. In addition, the shape evolutions of the droplets are discussed for various initial interface angles to understand the bouncing behavior and separation efficiency. This study is expected to provide valuable strategies for controlling droplet behavior and separation in applications such as liquid purification, rheology, and solidification.
Renaissance, Iconoclasm and Burnsian Reformation (1920–1930)
Authors: Malgrati Paul
Published: February 2024

Chapter 2 analyses the political and literary ‘reformation’ of Burns’s legacy in 1920s Scotland. It demonstrates the influence of post-war Burnsian politics on the writings of Hugh MacDiarmid, alongside other figures of the Scottish ‘Renaissance’ movement. This is achieved through an intertextual study of left-wing propaganda, 1920s literary criticism about Burns, and Scottish modernist writing. Such a study, I argue, allows for a defter understanding of modernist irreverence vis-à-vis Burns and the so-called ‘Burns Cult’. From MacDiarmid, who, in 1928, declared that the bard’s memory should be ‘forgotten for at least one hundred years’, to Catherine Carswell’s controversial Life of Robert Burns (1930), iconoclasm became a new tactic for avant-garde writers against Burnsian conservatism. Where the nineteenth-century bourgeoisie had tried to hold Burns’s contradictions together in a moderate, unionist narrative, interwar radical ripped the poet’s legacy apart, turning Burns’s radicalism against his Burnsian admirers.
‘See Yonder Poor’: The Bard of Welfare (1941–1948)
Authors: Malgrati Paul
Published: February 2024

Chapter 4 considers the politicisation of Burns’s memory during the Second World War. It emphasises Labour’s attempted capture of the Burns movement during the 1940s —an endeavour that gave rise to a new social-democratic, and unionist, Burnsian consensus, mirroring the creation of the Welfare State. Indeed, Labour’s access to the Scottish Office in 1941, followed by the release of the Beveridge Report in 1942, provided a suitable context for J.S. Clarke and Patrick Dollan —two socialist admirers of Burns— to take over the influential Burns Federation. Using their new position to promote an egalitarian, working-class version of the poet, upholding the values of the Welfare State, Clarke and Dollan managed to build consensus among post-war Burnsians, thus breaking away from the Federation’s long-standing centre-right creed.
Iron Age Activity beside the River Dee, Cairngorms
Authors: Bishop Rosie R. , Warren Graeme M.
Published: February 2024

In June 2019, a charcoal-rich pit was identified in an eroding riverbank during a walk-over survey along the River Dee, in the Mar Lodge Estate, Cairngorm Mountains, as part of a wider Mesolithic research project in the area led by researchers from University College Dublin. Subsequent radiocarbon dating of pine charcoal revealed that the pit was used in the earlier first millennium AD, providing the first archaeological evidence for Iron Age activity in this area of the Cairngorm mountains. No artefacts were uncovered, but the archaeobotanical assemblage from the pit provides evidence for the nature of fuel procurement strategies in this area in the Iron Age. The results highlight the difficulty of identifying early prehistoric archaeological activity in mountain environments and the potential for the survival of further later prehistoric evidence in this area of Mar Lodge.
Nature Physical Activity Satisfaction in Parents of Preschoolers: Psychometric Properties of a Questionnaire
Authors: Rojo-Ramos Jorge , Polo-Campos Irene , Mañanas-Iglesias Carlos , Galán-Arroyo Carmen
Published: February 2024

Physical activity in nature is one of the major recommendations prescribed by health professionals to bring benefits in all areas, being satisfaction of doing it of the main determinants to ensure that this is achieved. However, parenthood status may affect practice and levels of satisfaction with physical activity. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Spanish version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale, that assesses satisfaction with physical activity in the natural environment in parents of preschoolers. Reliability testing, as well as exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, were conducted. The findings revealed a single-factor structure made up of 16 items with high reliability and good and exceptional goodness-of-fit values. Therefore, the instrument can be considered as a free, easy-to-use and quick tool to analyze the satisfaction levels of preschool parents when it comes to physical activity in nature.