bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resistência flexural e adaptação marginal dos materiais restauradores provisórios utilizados em dentes tratados endodonticamente
Authors: Galvani Lucas , Bordini Ester , Otárola Wilfredo , Morais Jéssika , Santos José Rodolfo , Dantas Andrea , Kuga Milton
Published: April 2020

Avaliar a resistência flexural e a adaptação marginal dos materiais restauradores provisórios Clip F (CF),Bifix Temp (BT), Systemp.onlay (SO), Fill Magic Tempo (FT) e Provi Master F (PF), na dentina da coroa dentária de dentes tratados endodonticamente. Métodos: Inicial-mente, foram confeccionados dez espécimes de cada um dos materiais restauradores, que foram individualmente submetidos ao teste de resistência flexural, na máquina de ensaio eletromecânica. Para avaliar a adaptação marginal,a câmara pulpar de cinquenta pré-molares superiores foi restaurada com um dos materiais avaliados (n=10). Após sete dias, a interface entre a dentina e o material restaurador, no terço médio da coroa dentária, foi submetida à análise em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A extensão de desadaptação dos materiais e os gaps formados com a dentina foram mensurados com o software Image J.Resultados: CF e BT demonstraram o maior e o menor valor de resistência flexural, respectivamente (p<0,05).Os valores demonstrados por SO, FT e PF foram similares entre si (p>0,05). Por outro lado, CF demonstrou a menor extensão de desadaptação marginal (em porcentagem)e extensão de gaps (em μm) (p<0,05) na interface com a dentina. BT apresentou valor intermediário, mas menor do que os dos SO, FT e PF (p<0,05) que, por sua vez, foram similares entre si (p>0,05). Conclusões: O CF demonstrou o maior índice de resistência flexural e menor extensão de desadaptação marginal e gaps, em comparação aos demais materiais restauradores provisórios.
Otosporin reduz reação pulpar inflamatória após clareação dentária de molares de ratos
Authors: Ferreira Luciana , Benetti Francine , Álamo Larissa , Bosisio Ana Caroline , Proença Ariane , Rahal Vanessa , Sipert Carla Regina , Briso André Luiz , Cintra Luciano
Published: April 2020

Pacientes submetidos à clareação dentária relatam sensibilidade pós-operatória relacionada ao peróxido de hidrogênio (H2 O2 ) que penetra no tecido pulpar. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito anti-inflamatório do ibuprofeno, Otosporin® e gel de curcumina na polpa dentária de ratos após procedimento clareador. Métodos: Cinquenta ratos foram divididos em GC – controle (gel placebo); CLA – clareação (H2 O2 35%, 30 minutos); CLA-I – clareação e administração oral de ibuprofeno (duas vezes a cada 12 horas, 2 dias sucessivos); CLA-O – clareação seguida da aplicação de Otosporin® nas superfícies dos molares (10 minutos); e CLA-C – sessão clareadora seguida do gel de curcumina (10 minutos). Após dois dias, os ratos foram mortos para análise histológica e testes estatísticos foram realizados(p<0,05). Resultados: CLA, CLA-I e CLA-C apresentaram inflamação severa ou necrose no terço oclusal da polpa coronária (p>0,05); CLA-O apresentou inflamação leve e foi semelhante ao GC (p>0,05) e dife- rente dos outros grupos (p<0,05). No terço médio, o grupo CLA-O apresentou menor infiltrado inflamatório e permaneceu diferente do grupo CLA (p<0,05); CLA, CLA-I e CLA-C foram semelhantes (p>0,05). No terço cervical, CLA, CLA-I e CLA-C tiveram redução da inflamação, sem diferença entre os grupos clareados (p>0,05). Conclusões: O Otosporin® pode reduzir a inflamação na polpa após clareação dentária; esse resultado não foi observado utilizando ibuprofeno ou gel de curcumina. Portanto, esse estudo mostra uma nova possibilidade de pós-tratamento em dentes clareados por meio do uso de Otosporin®, que minimiza a inflamação gerada ao tecido pulpar pelo gel clareador. Consequentemente, poderá haver redução da sensibilidade pós-operatória.
Remoção de sialolito do ducto de Wharton por meio de eletrocirurgia: relato de caso
Authors: Capatti Rodrigo , Araújo Lucas , Barboza Marcela
Published: April 2020

A sialolitíase representa 30% das morbidades em glândulas salivares. Caracterizada pela interrupção do fluxo salivar normal, devido à formação de estruturas calcificadas ao longo do ducto ou no parênquima glandular, essa condição, muitas vezes sub-diagnosticada, pode levar à dor, edema e infecção da região afetada. Os métodos de tratamento citados na literatura são baseados nas características da lesão e podem variar entre cirúrgicos e conservadores. O presente estudo apresenta um relato de caso da utilização de eletrocirurgia para tratamento da sialolitíase em glândula sub-mandibular com eliminação imediata dos sinais e sintomas relatados pelo paciente e ausência de complicações pós-operatórias. A cirurgia apresentou pós-operatório e cicatrização satisfatórios; não houve queixas por parte da paciente, que evoluiu sem sintomatologia durante o período de acompanhamento. A remoção de sialolitos intrabucais por meio de eletrocirurgia apresentou, nesse caso, controle da hemorragia trans e pós-operatória e baixa morbidade.
CUIDADO FARMACEUTICO A PACIENTES EM TRATAMENTO COM HERCEPTINR (TRANSTUZUMABE): UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Silva Juliana dos Santos , Rodrigues Felipe Cyrino , Braga Raquel Rennó
Published: April 2020

O cuidado farmacêutico a pacientes oncológicos pode contribuir para o bem estar do paciente durante toda a terapia e para que este não abandone o tratamento. Esta prática está fundamentada no arcabouço teórico da Atenção Farmacêutica que propõe a mudança de foco do produto para o ser humano e propõe a construção de uma prática voltada para a prevenção, identificação e resolução de problemas relacionados ao uso de medicamentos (PRM) para melhorar a saúde das pessoas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi um estudo de caso sobre o cuidado farmacêutico prestado a pacientes em tratamento com o medicamento antineoplásico Herceptin® (trastuzumabe) em uma clínica oncológica no Rio de Janeiro. Quatro pacientes foram acompanhadas por período de quatro meses no ano de 2016. Os principais PRM identificados durante os atendimentos foram de segurança, relacionados a reações adversas do tratamento. Foram realizadas intervenções farmacêuticas junto às pacientes e aos prescritores. As intervenções mais frequentes, realizadas junto às pacientes, foram de educação sobre a doença e sobre o tratamento. As intervenções educativas ajudaram a melhorar a compreensão das pacientes sobre a doença e o tratamento, contribuindo para a manutenção da farmacoterapia. O presente trabalho evidencia a importância da atuação do farmacêutico na melhora da qualidade de vida das pacientes acompanhadas.
GRAU DE SATISFAÇÃO MOMENTÂNEO DA COMUNIDADE ACADÊMICA DA FACULDADE DE FARMÁCIA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Soler Orenzio , Cunha Adriene Braga da , Vieira Roseane de Nazaré Moura , Almeida Eduardo Dias , Baptista Ester Roseli
Published: April 2020

A Faculdade de Farmácia do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal do Pará tem 116 anos. Dedica‑se à formação de profissionais farmacêuticos e busca da excelência acadêmica. Empreende esforços para que seu projeto pedagógico se mantenha atualizado, passando por transformações a fim de que sua aplicabilidade proporcione melhorias para a tríade ensino‑pesquisa‑extensão. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar o grau de satisfação momentâneo da comunidade acadêmica quanto ao projeto político‑institucional, pedagógico, infraestrutura, organização e processo de trabalho relacionados à Faculdade de Farmácia. Trata‑se de uma investigação de caráter exploratório‑descritivo, com recorte temporal entre fevereiro a maio de 2016. Foi utilizada uma amostra constituída de discentes, docentes e técnicos administrativos. Para a coleta de dados, foram aplicados questionários de múltiplas respostas. Os resultados estão apresentados quanto às dimensões: Política Institucional (Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão); Gestão (Direção e Coordenação Pedagógica); Operacionalização do Curso; Infraestrutura; Docentes; Técnicos Administrativos; Projeto Pedagógico do Curso: Componentes Curriculares, Habilidades e Competências; Relações interpessoais. Conclui‑se que a comunidade acadêmica ficou satisfeita quanto ao projeto político‑institucional, pedagógico, organização e processo de trabalho, excetuando‑se os aspectos relacionados à infraestrutura.
Designing professional career by students – physical education teachers
Authors: Starościak Wojciech , Dębska Urszula , Guła-Kubiszewska Halina
Published: April 2020

Starościak Wojciech, Dębska Urszula, Guła-Kubiszewska Halina, Designing professional career by students – physical education teachers. „Kultura – Społeczeństwo – Edukacja” nr 2(14) 2018, Poznań 2018, pp. 183–203, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2018.14.14.

The study identified physical education students’ opinions about and vision of personal career. It was conducted with a questionnaire designed by A. Cybal-Michalska for planning career prospects and career development in modern society by academic youth. Results demonstrate the professional expectations of the sample to be largely met. Students of the University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw are oriented towards individualistic and collectivistic values to a similar extent. Both groups are moderately satisfied with study choices and have a realistic outlook on the difficulties in finding a job consistent withtheir education. They assess the prospect of a satisfactory career on an equally moderate level, although individualist-oriented students perceive significantly fewer ways of achieving professional success. Collectivistic students emphasize values characteristic of a safe future and working with people and for people. Individualistic students are geared towards innovative and creative activities. Students perceive their careers in the psychological dimension, and select lifestyle and professionalism as the lead guides in career development.
Wokół kryzysu w myśleniu o dydaktyce normatywnej
Authors: Sarnecki Robert , Porzucek-Miśkiewicz Maria
Published: April 2020

The learning process is subject to change. The direction of changes is not unambiguous and results from different paradigms. Didactics must be subject to changes resulting from psychological processes. They take into account the universal regularities of thinking, memory, perception, emotions and motivation. Learning and teaching are complicated process that should not take into account only one paradigm.
Rola czynnika ludzkiego w kształtowaniu polityki energetycznej współczesnego państwa
Authors: Tomaszewski Krzysztof
Published: April 2020

Polityka energetyczna jest zaliczana do kategorii polityk gospodarczych. Ma jednak bardzo silny wpływ na funkcjonowanie całego społeczeństwa. Celem artykułu jest analiza, w jakim stopniu jest ona (lub może być) kształtowana pod wpływem czynnika ludzkiego i, jakie to ma znaczenie w kontekście jej planowania, implementacji oraz ewaluacji. Przedmiotem analizy są przede wszystkim te państwa (ugrupowania państw – Unia Europejska), gdzie występuje reżim demokratyczny i gospodarka wolnorynkowa. Są to – jak się wydaje – najbardziej sprzyjające warunki, aby społeczeństwo mogło efektywnie oddziaływać na kształt i funkcjonowanie sektora energetycznego. Zmierzeniem artykułu jest, aby poprzez analizę procesualną polityki energetycznej wskazać potencjalne (realne) możliwości udziału w niej czynnika ludzkiego.
Squamous cell carcinoma of thyroid: a unique type of cancer in World Health Organization Classification
Authors: Lam Alfred King-yin
Published: April 2020

The aim is to review the features of 117 primary squamous cell carcinomas of thyroid which meet the histological criteria of the World Health Organization classification of endocrine tumours. The carcinomas occur in 83 women and 34 men (female to male ratio is 2.4 to 1) and with median age at presentation of 64. Half of these squamous cell carcinomas of thyroid were moderately differentiated. PAX-8 protein is a sensitive marker for confirming the thyroid origin of the carcinoma. The carcinoma is also positive for p63, p40, cytokeratins 5/6, 7,19 and negative for cytokeratins 20 and 10/13. P53 overexpression is common. The most important differential diagnosis is direct infiltration or metastatic involvement by squamous cell carcinoma from other organs. Limited mutation analysis revealed BRAF mutation in some squamous cell carcinomas of the thyroid. The genetic profile appears to be different from anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of thyroid had lymph node involvement in 59% and distant metastases in 26%. The median survival of the patients was 8 months. Curative surgery offers the best survival for the patients with the carcinoma. To conclude, primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland has distinctive clinical, pathological and molecular profiles. It is important to recognize this unique variant of thyroid carcinoma for possible curative surgical resection and to do more genomic works on the entity to uncover the molecular pathogenesis.
Triaxial Compression Test Results on DMC Samples Prepared by Using Different Soil Types
Authors: Y. Yenginar  , M. Olgun
Published: April 2020

In this study, the effects of cement, fly ash and super plasticizer, improver materials by adding into the grout, on soil-binder mixing columns called as deep mixing columns (DMC) are investigated. Fly ash is a waste product emerging from burning in the thermal power plant. By evaluating waste materials in this way, environmental pollution will be reduced directly and cement usage and carbon emissions caused by cement production will be reduced indirectly. By using super plasticizer into the grout, less porous and permeable elements with more structural strength will be manufactured. In order to achieve these goals, an experimental program was developed using statistical and experimental design methods. It is desired to determine the optimum grout quantity and consistency required to maximize the strength of the column manufactured with DMM in silty soils and silty sands. For this purpose, the amounts of fly ash (0-40%), cement (3-11%), super plasticizer additive (0.5-2%) and water/binder percentage (0.5-1.25%) were chosen as variables to form grouting material. Experimental studies have been carried out using Taguchi method, which is a powerful optimization technique, using 5-parameter and 4-level L16 design table. Undrained-unconsolidated triaxial test specimens were prepared in PVC tubes with diameter of 47 mm and length of 100 mm for each design for curing time of 28 days. As a result of the experiments, deviator stress of the soil-binder mixture was found for each design.
E-cigarette Product Characteristics and Subsequent Frequency of Cigarette Smoking
Authors: Barrington-Trimis Jessica L. , Yang Zhi , Schiff Sara , Unger Jennifer , Cruz Tess Boley , Urman Robert , Cho Junhan , Samet Jonathan M. , Leventhal Adam M. , Berhane Kiros , McConnell Rob
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND:

There is a dearth of evidence regarding the association of use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) with certain product characteristics and adolescent and young adult risk of unhealthy tobacco use patterns (eg, frequency of combustible cigarette smoking), which is needed to inform the regulation of e-cigarettes.

METHODS:

Data were collected via an online survey of participants in the Southern California Children’s Health Study from 2015 to 2016 (baseline) and 2016 to 2017 (follow-up) (N = 1312). We evaluated the association of binary categories of 3 nonmutually exclusive characteristics of the e-cigarette used most frequently with the number of cigarettes smoked in the past 30 days at 1-year follow-up. Product characteristics included device (vape pen and/or modifiable electronic cigarette [mod]), use of nicotine in electronic liquid (e-liquid; yes or no), and use for dripping (directly dripping e-liquid onto the device; yes or no).

RESULTS:

Relative to never e-cigarette users, past-30-day e-cigarette use was associated with greater frequency of past-30-day cigarette smoking at follow-up. Among baseline past-30-day e-cigarette users, participants who used mods (versus vape pens) smoked >6 times as many cigarettes at follow-up (mean: 20.8 vs 1.3 cigarettes; rate ratio = 6.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.64–24.5) after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, baseline frequency of cigarette smoking, and number of days of e-cigarette use. After adjustment for device, neither nicotine e-liquid nor dripping were associated with frequency of cigarette smoking.

CONCLUSIONS:

Baseline mod users (versus vape pen users) smoked more cigarettes in the past 30 days at follow-up. Regulation of e-cigarette device type warrants consideration as a strategy to reduce cigarette smoking among adolescents and young adults who vape.
Análise do equilíbrio postural estático e da intensidade das dores musculoesqueléticas após o uso de palmilhas proprioceptivas por militares do serviço ostensivo
Authors: Souza Marina Vasconcelos , Souza Ana Vasconcelos de , Almeida Marissol Rabelo de , Santos Pedro Odimar dos
Published: April 2020

RESUMO Para a manutenção do equilíbrio, o organismo utiliza os sistemas visuais, vestibulares e proprioceptivos, que enviam informações para o sistema nervoso central acerca das condições do corpo com o objetivo de estabilizá-lo. Este estudo avaliou o efeito das palmilhas proprioceptivas sobre o equilíbrio postural estático e as dores musculoesqueléticas após dois meses de uso, por meio de uma pesquisa analítica longitudinal com 15 militares saudáveis do sexo masculino com média de idade de 34±7,5 anos. Eles foram submetidos à avaliação do equilíbrio por meio da plataforma Medicapteurs® e pelo protocolo CNT. Não houve diferença estatística para os desvios do corpo e velocidade do centro de pressão. A pressão plantar teve mudança estatisticamente significante para o pé esquerdo e o pé direito correspondendo a p=0,0001 e p=0,0007, respectivamente. Houve redução das médias de dores nos joelhos, pés e calcanhares e diminuição significativa da dor lombar, com p=0,0180. O equilíbrio estático não foi alterado significativamente com o uso das palmilhas proprioceptivas pelos militares, contudo elas proporcionaram melhor redistribuição das pressões plantares e parecem atenuar as dores musculoesqueléticas das extremidades inferiores. Por isso as palmilhas podem ser consideradas para esse grupo uma terapêutica de prevenção contra lesões relacionadas à sua atividade laboral.
Fisioterapia aquática em indivíduos com distrofia muscular: uma revisão sistemática do tipo escopo
Authors: Lima Ana Angélica Ribeiro de , Cordeiro Luciana
Published: April 2020

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi mapear o uso da fisioterapia aquática em indivíduos com distrofias musculares, de forma a caracterizar as intervenções no meio aquático e identificar componentes mensurados (variáveis estudadas e instrumentos utilizados nos estudos). A revisão sistemática do tipo de escopo incluiu estudos experimentais, descritivos e observacionais (em inglês, português e espanhol). As buscas foram realizadas nas plataformas Medline (PubMed), CINAHL, Embase, PEDro, Lilacs, ERIC, Scopus, Web of Science e Google Scholar. Os dados extraídos foram alocados em três categorias: (1) caracterização dos registros, (2) informações referentes a fisioterapia aquática e (3) componentes mensurados. Foram encontrados 556 registros e, destes, selecionados 20. As amostras dos estudos selecionados incluíram, na maioria, indivíduos com distrofia muscular de Duchenne, com idade entre 5 e 22 anos, que fizeram fisioterapia aquática com duração média de 45 minutos uma ou duas vezes por semana, por 21 semanas. Essas características corroboram estudos feitos em diferentes populações. A maioria dos estudos investigou alterações pulmonares e controle postural/desempenho funcional, poucos avaliaram os efeitos no sistema cardíaco. Recomenda-se usar a Egen Klassifikation, a North Star Ambulatory Assessment e fazer o teste de caminhada de seis minutos.
Fructose Production and Metabolism in the Kidney
Authors: Nakagawa Takahiko , Johnson Richard J. , Andres-Hernando Ana , Roncal-Jimenez Carlos , Sanchez-Lozada Laura G. , Tolan Dean R. , Lanaspa Miguel A.
Published: April 2020

Understanding fructose metabolism might provide insights to renal pathophysiology. To support systemic glucose concentration, the proximal tubular cells reabsorb fructose as a substrate for gluconeogenesis. However, in instances when fructose intake is excessive, fructose metabolism is costly, resulting in energy depletion, uric acid generation, inflammation, and fibrosis in the kidney. A recent scientific advance is the discovery that fructose can be endogenously produced from glucose under pathologic conditions, not only in kidney diseases, but also in diabetes, in cardiac hypertrophy, and with dehydration. Why humans have such a deleterious mechanism to produce fructose is unknown, but it may relate to an evolutionary benefit in the past. In this article, we aim to illuminate the roles of fructose as it relates to gluconeogenesis and fructoneogenesis in the kidney.
FINDING PROFESSIONAL PERSONNELS TO INCREASE PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IN REMOTE AREAS
Authors: Kozlova A. A.
Published: April 2020

Russia has gigantic territories that provide access to huge resources, but also require large expenditures for monitoring and maintaining the infrastructure in an appropriate state. The article discusses the possibilities of increasing the production efficiency of enterprises operating in remote areas with poorly developed infrastructure. To do this, it is proposed to consider the educational context, since for the growth of efficiency it is necessary to provide production processes with qualified personnel. It is proposed to pay attention not only to professional, but to psychological and pedagogical factors for preparing people for work at remote sites. The article also considers the possibilities of attracting migrants to work, given the growth of migration inflows. Attracting migrants to remote territories will help not only increase production, but also reduce social tension in society. In the future, it is planned to build a model for improving efficiency based on changes in individual factors.
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE TOURISM
Authors: Chekanova I. Yu.
Published: April 2020

Space travel is an ultramodern kind of tourism, promising in terms of developing the near and distant future. In this regard, the article deals with the concept of space tourism, major world players in this field, their achievements and prospects, and also presents a comparative table of space tourism programs of different companies. In conclusion, the positive and negative aspects of space tourism are analyzed.
The use of Polistes versicolor (Olivier, 1971) in the control of Ascia monuste orseis (Godart, 1819) in kale cultivation
Authors: Jacques Gabriel de Castro , Oliveira Daniel Cambraia , Souza Marcos Magalhães de , Silveira Luís Cláudio Paterno
Published: April 2020

Social wasps have been successfully utilized as means of biological control, particularly for the larvae of Lepidoptera. Ascia monuste orseis causes devastating effects on the kale, inducing production losses of up to 100%, therefore, requiring stringent control measures. This work aimed testing the species Polistes versicolor as potential means of biological control of A. monuste orseis, during autumn and winter, when the kale crop shows good development. These experiments were conducted at the IFMG - Bambuí Campus, between May and June 2017, during which time four P. versicolor colonies were translocated to artificial shelters constructed in proximity to the kale crop, being registered daily the predation of the social wasp on like of A. monuste orseis caterpillars. The translocation of P. versicolor colonies onto the kale crop during the cold and drought seasons was shown to be ineffective in controlling the A. monuste orseis population. This was because this social wasp exhibited low foraging activity, and therefore a low degree of predation on the target pest; however, it became crucial to assess their activity during the hottest and most humid times of the year, as P. versicolor effectively preys upon the various species among the Lepidoptera.
Comparison of nonlinear models for the description of carbon mineralization in soils treated with pig slurry
Authors: Paula Gustavo Sérgio de , Silva Edilson Marcelino , Furtado Thais Destefani Ribeiro , Frühauf Ariana Campos , Muniz Joel Augusto
Published: April 2020

One of the strategies to reduce environmental impacts caused by pig slurry is its application to soils for agricultural productions. Carbon mineralization curves can be used to determine the best periods for the use of organic matter for an adequate management of soils and growing plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fit of nonlinear models for soil carbon mineralization. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with four replications and four treatments. The treatments consisted of monthly applications of pig slurry at rates of 0, 7.5, 15.0, and 30.0 m3 ha-1 ofpig slurry. Soil samples were collected and incubated for 26 days; then, seven observations of mineralized carbon volume were made over time. The description of the carbon mineralization followed the Stanford and Smith, Cabrera, and Juma models, considering the structure of autoregressive errors AR (1), when necessary; the fits were compared using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). The description of carbon mineralization in the treatments by nonlinear models was, in general, adequate. Juma was the most adequate model to describe the treatment with rate of 0. Stanford and Smith was the most adequate model to describe the treatments with rates of 7.5 and 15.0 m3  ha-1. Cabrera was the most adequate model to describe the treatment with rate of 30.0 m3 ha-1.
VIVÊNCIAS DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM NO COTIDIANO DO SISTEMA PENAL
Authors: Soares Ana Amélia Melo , Castro Gabriela Miranda de Oliveira , Almeida Isabelle Elias Monteiro de , Monteiro Luciana Alves Silveira , Torres Lilian Machado
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: compreender o cotidiano vivido pela equipe de Enfermagem no sistema penal. Método: pesquisa qualitativa realizada com quatro enfermeiros e dois técnicos de Enfermagem de um Centro de Remanejamento Prisional, em Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista entre junho e julho de 2018, e analisados com base no referencial de Minayo. Resultados: emergiram quatro categorias temáticas: “percepção do cuidado de Enfermagem à pessoa privada de liberdade”; “dificuldades para prestar assistência no presídio”; “sensação de invisibilidade do cuidado de Enfermagem no sistema prisional”; e “ambiguidade de sentimentos ao cuidar da saúde no sistema prisional.” Conclusão: o ambiente prisional não favorece ações concretas de promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos. O enfrentamento viria com educação permanente, reuniões clínico-administrativas, além da construção de protocolos e diretrizes que sistematizem e sustentem as práticas.

Descritores: Assistência à saúde. Enfermagem. Prisões. Prisioneiros.

 

Descritores: Assistência à saúde. Enfermagem. Prisões. Prisioneiros.

 
Estudio de concordancia entre las Escalas de ROSSO-MARDONES y ATALAH para la evaluación nutricional en embarazadas. Clínica La Ermita de Cartagena, 2017
Authors: Rivas-Perdomo Edgar Enrique , Galván-Villa Martha
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: evaluar el grado de concordancia entre el modelo de evaluación del estado nutricional materna propuesto por Rosso-Mardones con el propuesto por Atalah Materiales y métodos: estudio de concordancia diagnóstica. Se incluyeron gestantes entre los 19 y 37 años, con una edad gestacional de 10 o más semanas; se excluyeron gestantes con: diabetes, enfermedad tiroidea, hipertensión asociada al embarazo, embarazos gemelares, malformaciones fetales graves, muerte fetal e hidrops fetalis. Muestreo no probabilístico. Se midieron las variables sociodemográficas, obstétricas y el estado nutricional. Se calculó el valor de kappa de concordancia entre las dos escalas de evaluación nutricional. Resultados: se incluyeron 98 gestantes. La escala de Roso-Mardones clasificó al 33 % de las pacientes en estado nutricional normal, al 22 % con bajo peso y al 44 % con sobrepeso u obesidad. La escala de Atalah clasificó al 41 % de las gestantes en estado nutricional normal, al 10 % con bajo peso y al 48 % con sobrepeso u obesidad. El valor kappa ponderado obtenido fue 0,74 con un error estándar de 0,04 y un IC 95 %: 0,66-0,82 con valor p < 0,05. Conclusiones: las escalas de evaluación nutricional en gestantes, nomograma de Rosso-Mardones y de Atalah, tienen un acuerdo considerable. Se requieren más estudios que evalúen la concordancia entre estas escalas en población gestante.
Virological, epidemiological, clinic, and molecular genetic features of the influenza epidemic in 2015-2016: prevailing of the influenza A(H1N1)09 pdm virus in Russia and countries of the Northern hemisphere
Authors: Lvov D. K. , Burtseva E. I. , Kolobukhina L. V. , Fedyakina I. T. , Kirillova E. S. , Trushakova S. V. , Feodoritova E. L. , Belyaev A. L. , Merkulova L. N. , Krasnoslobodtsev K. G. , Mukasheva E. A. , Garina E. O. , Oskerko T. A. , Aristova V. A. , Vartanian R. V. , Kisteneva L. B. , Deryabin P. G. , Prilipov A. G. , Alkhovsky S. V. , Kruzhkova I. S. , Bazarova M. V. , Deviatkin A. V.
Published: April 2020

This work describes the specific features of the influenza virus circulating in the period from October 2015 to March 2016 in 10 cities of Russia, the basic laboratories of CEEI at the D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology “Federal Research Centre of Epidemilogy and Microbiology named after the honorary academician N.F. Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The increase in the morbidity caused by influenza viruses was detected in January-February 2016. The duration of the morbidity peak was 4-5 weeks. The most vulnerable group included children at the age from 3 to 6; a high rate of hospitalization was also detected among people at the age of 15-64 (65%). In clinic symptoms there were middle and severe forms with high frequency of hospitalization as compared with the season of 2009-2010, but much higher in comparison with the season of 2014-2015. Some of the hospitalized patients had virus pneumonias, half of which were bilateral. Among these patients, 10% were children; 30%, adults. The mortality in the intensive care unit of the hospital was 46%. Almost all lethal cases were among unvaccinated patients in the case of late hospitalization and without early antiviral therapy. The predominance of the influenza A(H1N1)09pdm virus both in the Russian Federation and the major part of the countries in the Northern hemisphere was noted. The results of the study of the antigenic properties of influenza strains of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus did not reveal any differences with respect to the vaccine virus. The sequencing data showed the amino acid substitutions in hemagglutinin (receptor binding and Sa sites) and in genes encoding internal proteins (PA, NP, M1, NS1). Strains were sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir and maintained resistance to rimantadine. The participation of non-influenza ARI viruses was comparable to that in preliminary epidemic seasons.
Amino acid polymorphism at residue 222 of the receptor-binding site of the hemagglutinin of the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 from patients 166 with lethal virus pneumonia in 2012-2014
Authors: Krasnoslobodtsev K. G. , Lvov D. K. , Alkhovsky S. V. , Burtseva E. I. , Fedyakina I. T. , Kolobukhina L. V. , Kirillova E. S. , Trushakova S. V. , Oskerko T. A. , Shchelkanov M. Yu. , Deryabin P. G.
Published: April 2020

Survey data from autopsy specimens from patients who died from pneumonia caused by the influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 in 2012-2014 and mutant forms of influenza virus in these patients (position 222 in the receptor-binding region of hemagglutinin) were presented. In total, according to aggregate data, obtained with three different methods (sequencing, next-generation sequencing (NGS), virus isolation) mutant viruses were detected in 17 (41%) from 41 patients. The proportion of the mutant forms in viral populations ranged from 1% to 69.2%. The most frequent mixture was the wild type (D222) and mutant (D222G), with proportion of mutant type ranged from 3.3% to 69.2% in the viral population. Mutation D222N (from 1.1% to 5.5%) was found rarely. Composition of the viral population from one patient is extremely heterogeneous: in left lung there was only wild type D222, meantime in right lung - mixture of mutant forms 222D/N/G (65.4/32.5/1.1%), in trachea - mixture 222D/G/Y/A (61.8/35.6/1.2/1.4%, respectively), and in bronchi compound of 222D/G/N/A (64.3/33.7/1/1%, respectively) were detected. The obtained data indicate that the process of adaptation of the virus in the lower respiratory tract is coupled with the appearance of different virus variants with mutations in the receptor-binding region. Mutant forms of the virus are observed in the lower respiratory tract of the majority of patients with lethal viral pneumonia. However, if they are a minor part of the population, they cannot be detected by the method of conventional sequencing. They can be identified using the NGS methods.
Development and evaluation of the RT-PCR kit for the rabies virus diagnosis
Authors: Dedkov V. G. , Deviatkin A. A. , Poleschuk E. M. , Safonova M. V. , Markelov M. L. , Shipulin G. A.
Published: April 2020

To improve the diagnosis, surveillance, and control for the rabies virus, a kit for hybridization-triggered fluorescence detection of rabies virus DNA by the RT-PCR technique was developed and evaluated. The analytical sensitivity of the kit was 4*103 GE per ml. High specificity of the kit was shown using representative sampling of viral, bacterial, and human nucleic acids.
Phosphazide (nikavir) is a highly effective drug for the treatment of HIV/AIDS infection
Authors: Galegov G. A.
Published: April 2020

Federation Convincing evidence for high therapeutic activity and tolerability of Phosphazide in the treatment of HIV/AIDS-infection is given. Phosphazide is currently used in various regimens of highly active antiretroviral therapy, as well as in the HIV therapy in patients with simultaneously acquired chronic hepatitis C or tuberculosis. Therapeutic possibilities of Phosphazide were clearly manifested in the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child. There is every reason to use Phosphazide in first-line antiretroviral therapy.
CREATION OF A MOLECULAR GENETIC TEST SYSTEM FOR EARLY DIAGNOSTICS AND EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES
Authors: Tamarova E. R. , Shvets K. Yu. , Mavzyutov A. R. , Baimiev Al. H. , Bulgakova A. I.
Published: April 2020

Inflammatory periodontal diseases represent a serious dental and general medical problem due to the high prevalence among the adult population, the presence of clinical forms leading to the destruction of the dentition and tooth loss, insufficient treatment effectiveness and the frequency of relapse, including in connection with the formation of biofilms. A molecular genetic test system has been developed to evaluate the content of periodontopathogenic microorganisms Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus sobrinus in the contents of periodontal pockets. The analytical characteristics of the test system were determined, and testing was carried out on clinical samples of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity.The constructed diagnostic kit allowed us to conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of various types of treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases based on quantitative data on the content of bacteria in the contents of periodontal pockets.
Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak dan Fraksi Tumbuhan Anyang-Anyang (Elaeocarpus grandiflorus J. E. Smith.) terhadap Escherichia coli
Authors: Savitri Ganevi Resta , Triatmoko Bawon , Nugraha Ari Satia
Published: April 2020

Pada saat ini sudah banyak dilakukan penelitian terhadap khasiat antibakteri suatu tanaman. Salah satu sumber alternatif antibakteri dari bahan alam adalah tumbuhan anyang-anyang. Penelitian potensi antibakteri tumbuhan anyang-anyang bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai IC50 esktrak dan fraksi dari tumbuhan anyang-anyang (Elaeocarpus grandiflorus J. E. Smith) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli (E. coli). Ekstraksi dilakukan secara maserasi dan fraksinasi secara partisi cair-cair. Uji aktivitas antibakteri yang dilakukan adalah metode mikrodilusi dengan mengacu pada protokol yang ditetapkan oleh Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) M07-A9. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan dengan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa yang terdapat dalam ekstrak dan fraksi daun anyang-anyang. Nilai IC50 diperoleh dengan melakukan analisis probit terhadap masing-masing nilai persen penghambatan setelah pemberian 5 seri konsentrasi sampel ekstrak dan fraksi daun anyang-anyang. Kontrol positif menggunakan injeksi gentamisin 40.000 µg/mL dan kontrol negatif menggunakan dimetilsulfoksida (DMSO) 1%. Ekstrak daun anyang-anyang memiliki IC50 yang paling rendah yakni sebesar 360,969±10,542 µg/mL. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan sampel dan fraksi positif mengandung polifenol. Kesimpulan dari penelitian  ini adalah ekstrak methanol kasar daun anyang-anyang mempunyai potensi menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli.
Evaluasi Persepsi Interprofessional Education dan Efektivitasnya Pada Tingkat Pengetahuan Tenaga Kesehatan Tentang KB Oral dan Suntik di Kota Bandung
Authors: Kusuma Ikhwan Yuda , Anggadiredja Kusnandar
Published: April 2020

Pembangunan di bidang kesehatan dipengaruhi pertumbuhan penduduk. Provinsi Jawa Barat memiliki populasi penduduk terbanyak di Indonesia. Upaya pemerintah menekan laju pertumbuhan penduduk ialah melalui optimalisasi penggunaan kontrasepsi pada program Keluarga Berencana (KB). Metode kontrasepsi terbanyak di Jawa Barat, khususnya Kota Bandung dengan KB oral dan KB suntik. Optimalisasi kinerja tenaga kesehatan diperlukan agar mampu memberikan informasi yang relevan kepada akseptor KB untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan. Interprofessional Education (IPE) merupakan satu upaya mewujudkan program pelayanan KB yang berkualitas, melalui peningkatan kompetensi pelayanan KB. Kolaborasi interprofesi diharapkan mampu memberikan peningkatan kompetensi, sikap, dan keterampilan yang dibutuhkan untuk bekerjasama secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan (apoteker, asisten apoteker, dokter, perawat, bidan, dan Sarjana Kesehatan Masyarakat) di Puskesmas yang bertanggungjawab dan berkaitan langsung dalam pelayanan KB dan Petugas Lapangan KB (PLKB) penanggungjawab di tingkat kecamatan terkait obat kontrasepsi oral dan suntik serta mengevaluasi persepsi tenaga kesehatan terhadap IPE di kota Bandung. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental tipe one group pre-post test design. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan, sebanyak 5 orang mengalami penurunan, 152 orang mengalami peningkatan dan 4 orang tidak mengalami perubahan. Sedangkan hasil analisis mengenai persepsi tenaga kesehatan terhadap IPE, sebanyak 22 orang mengalami penurunan, 114 orang mengalami peningkatan, dan 25 orang tidak mengalami perubahan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini ialah IPE Focus Group Discussion secara signifikan mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan tentang KB oral dan suntik serta secara signifikan meningkatkan persepsi untuk berkolaborasi antar profesi.
Risk-Adjusted Cost Performance for 90-Day Total Knee Arthroplasty Episodes
Authors: Schilling Peter L. , He Jason , Chen Sarah , Placzek Hilary , Bini Stefano
Published: April 2020

Background:

We propose a model to characterize the variation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) episode payments in the U.S. Medicare population to establish a baseline prior to the full implementation of the Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) model.

Methods:

We identified TKA episodes in Medicare Part A (100% sample) from 2014 to 2016 (n = 717,690) and compared 90-day episode payments across years and geographic regions. We fit hierarchical models that regressed episode payments on patient-level fixed effects (age, sex, race, comorbidities) and region-level (U.S. Census Regions) and hospital-level random effects. Random-effect estimates were used to characterize risk-adjusted hospital cost performance. We ranked hospitals (n = 3,217) in each region by their cost performance estimate and constructed 95% confidence intervals to visualize high and low-performing hospitals.

Results:

During this period, the mean Part A episode payments declined throughout the United States ($18,665 to $16,978; p < 0.001), primarily because of decreased post-acute care payments ($6,401 to $4,873; p < 0.0001). The 90-day readmission rates fell by nearly 20% (7.2% to 5.8%; p < 0.001). We found significant variation (p < 0.05) in risk-adjusted episode payments, post-acute care utilization, and readmission rates across regions and even hospitals. The share of hospitals in each geographic region that were low-performance outliers for episode payments ranged from 13% to 31% and those that were high-performance outliers ranged from 16% to 30%.

Conclusions:

Medicare Part A payments for TKA episodes were decreasing prior to the CJR model because of decreases in both post-acute care utilization and hospital readmissions. A significant variation in risk-adjusted hospital cost performance remained. Our results provide a baseline against which to measure the impact of alternative payment models and a methodology by which to measure hospital-level performance, which can be compared with peer hospitals and national benchmarks.
Challenges in Conducting Research at the Intersection of Opioids and Orthopaedics
Authors: Katz Jeffrey N. , Williams Emma E.
Published: April 2020

➢ The United States is struggling with an epidemic of opioid use both within and outside of the medical field.

➢ Pain management is a critical focus for orthopaedic practice.

➢ Recent orthopaedic research literature has focused on international perspectives on opioid use, patterns of opioid use, chronic opioid use, preoperative opioid use, and educational interventions to reduce opioid prescribing.

➢ Studies at the intersection of opioid use and orthopaedics pose methodological challenges, including quantifying opioid use, confounding by indication, and interpreting the results of nonrandomized intervention studies given secular changes in practice.
The Management of Acute Pain for Musculoskeletal Conditions
Authors: Delaney Lia D. , Clauw Daniel J. , Waljee Jennifer F.
Published: April 2020

➢ Opioid use for chronic and acute musculoskeletal pain is common.

➢ Orthopaedic surgeons are frequent opioid prescribers.

➢ Opioids are commonly prescribed for acute pain, with high variation.

➢ Opioid alternatives for acute pain are effective, and the incorporation of multimodal pain management in the perioperative period can decrease opioid use.

➢ Although opioids are effective for the management of acute musculoskeletal pain, the morbidity and mortality related to opioid analgesics reinforce the need for robust, evidence-based guidelines.

➢ Providers should evaluate patient risk preoperatively, should prescribe judiciously with multimodal pain management plans, and should integrate a preoperative discussion on opioid usage.

➢ Future research should include procedure-specific pain management strategies, as well as the comparative efficacy of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods of pain management.
Complications and mortality of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xiong Jing , Zhang Li , Bao Lei
Published: April 2020

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly used for severe neonatal respiratory failure refractory to conventional treatments. To systematically evaluate the complications and mortality of venovenous ECMO (VV ECMO) in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all the related studies. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to February 2019. Two investigators independently screened articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of article was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). The meta-analysis was performed by Stata 15.0 software. Results: Four observational studies were included, with a total of 347 newborns. VV ECMO was used for neonates with refractory respiratory failure unresponsive to maximal medical therapy. Median ages of the newborns at cannulation were 43.2 hours, 23 hours, 19hours, and 71 hours in the included four studies, respectively. The overall mortality at hospital charge was 12% (5%-18%) with a heterogeneity of I 2 =73.8% (p=0.01). Two studies reported mortality during ECMO and after decannulation, with 10% (0.8%-19.2%) and 6.1% (2.6%-9.6%), respectively. The most common complications associated with VV ECMO were: pneumothorax (20.6%), hypertension (20.4%), cannula dysfunction (20.2%), seizure (14.9%), renal failure requiring hemofiltration (14.7%), infectious complications (10.3%), thrombi (7.4%), intracranial hemorrhage or infarction (6.6%), hemolysis (5.3%), cannula site bleeding (4.4%), gastrointestinal bleeding (3.7%), oxygenator failure (2.8%), other bleeding events (2.8%), brain death (1.9%), and myocardial stun (0.9%). Conclusion: The overall mortality at discharge of VV ECMO in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure was 12%. Although complications are frequent, the survival rate during hospitalization is still high. Further larger samples, and higher quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of this technique in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure.
Exploring the Roles of Fecundity-related Long Non-coding RNAs and mRNAs in the Adrenal Glands of Small-tailed Han Sheep
Authors: Xia Qing , Li Qiuling , Gan Shangquan , Guo Xiaofei , Zhang Xiaosheng , Zhang Jinlong , Chu Mingxing
Published: April 2020

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can play important roles in uterine and ovarian functions. However, little researches have been done on the role of lncRNAs in the adrenal gland of sheep. Herein, RNA sequencing was used to compare and analyze gene expressions in adrenal tissues between follicular phases and luteal phases in FecBBB (MM) and FecB++ (WW) sheep, respectively, and differentially expressed lncRNAs and genes associated with reproduction were identified.Results: In MM sheep, 38 lncRNAs and 545 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the adrenal gland between the luteal and follicular phases; In WW sheep, 513 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 2481 mRNAs were identified. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that differentially expressed lncRNAs and their target genes are mainly involved in the circadian rhythm, the mitogen activated protein kinase, thyroid, ovarian steroidogenesis and transforming growth factor beta signaling pathways. Differentially expressed lncRNAs can regulate reproduction by modulating genes involved in these signaling pathways and biological processes. Specifically, XLOC_254761, XLOC_357966, 105614839 and XLOC_212877 targeting CREB1, PER3, SMAD1 and TGFBR2, respectively, appear to play key regulatory roles. Conclusion: These results broaden our understanding of lncRNAs in adrenal gland of sheep and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying sheep reproduction.