bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Word knowledge in academic literacy skills among collegiate ESL learners
Authors: Zhang Haomin , Xuan Winfred Wenhui
Published: October 2017

The study probed into the relationship between word knowledge and academic literacy skills in college-level English as a second language (ESL) learners. Morphological awareness and vocabulary knowledge were included in the word knowledge measures. In addition, reading comprehension and academic writing were the outcome variables. Using the data from 118 ESL students in Hong Kong, we found that both morphological awareness and vocabulary knowledge contributed to academic literacy skills. More important, direct and indirect effects of word knowledge on academic literacy skills were tested to provide insight into how two facets of word knowledge interact in shaping academic literacy acquisition. The results demonstrated that vocabulary knowledge mediated the relationship between morphological awareness and academic literacy skills. The study suggests that morphological sensitivity could enhance word meaning extraction and local meaning construction, which subsequently facilitates academic literacy skills.
Translanguaging in Yucatec Maya signing communities
Authors: Safar Josefina
Published: October 2017

This article looks at translanguaging practices in four Yucatec Maya communities with a high incidence of deafness in the peninsula of Yucatán, Mexico. Deaf and hearing community members draw from a broad spectrum of semiotic resources to interact with each other and with people from other villages in the region: they sign with different degrees of fluency, speak Yucatec Maya and/or Spanish, gesture, draw, point and incorporate objects in their physical surroundings. Human beings have a general tendency to communicate between and beyond different languages and modalities and to creatively adapt their semiotic repertoires to each other to negotiate meaning. On top of that, I show that sociolinguistic and cultural features of Yucatec Maya communities scaffold translanguaging practices. The rich inventory of conventional co-speech gestures of Yucatec Maya speakers, positive attitudes towards deafness and signed language and a critical amount of shared cultural knowledge facilitate communication between deaf and hearing and contribute to the emergence of similar sign languages in historically unrelated communities. The investigation of Yucatec Maya signing communities through a translanguaging lens allows us to critically deconstruct existing classifications of sign languages and varieties. Yucatec Maya Sign Languages are portrayed as a multi-layered network of different villages, families, generations and overlapping deaf and hearing spaces, where translanguaging takes place.
Effect of Preparation Method on Ag Modified Ti-HMS Catalyst Structure and Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization Performance
Authors: Wang Fang , Wang Guangjian , Bing Liancheng , Wang Yong , Tian Aixiu , Yi Kaifeng
Published: October 2017

Ag modified mesoporous molecular sieves Ti-HMS were prepared by in-situ synthesis (Ag/Ti-HMS-I), deposition-precipitation method (Ag/Ti-HMS-D) and ultrasound-assisted impregnation methods (Ag/Ti-HMS-U), respectively. The catalytic performance of catalysts in the oxidative desulfurization(ODS) of benzothiophene with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been investigated. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, BET and FT-IR techniques. Experimental results showed that the catalyst Ag/Ti-HMS-U exhibited the best catalytic activity, and this maybe because the catalyst possessed relatively good mesoporous structure and high Ag dispersion. Under the best operating condition for the catalytic oxidative desulfurization: temperature 60 °C, atmospheric pressure, 0.1 g catalysts, 8 molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to sulfur, using acetonitrile as extraction solvent for double extraction, the sulfur content in model diesel fuel (MDF) was reduced from 800 ppm to 17 ppm with 97.8% of total sulfur after 1 h.
Yogic practices on oxidative stress and of antioxidant level: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Pal Rameswar , Gupta Navin
Published: October 2017

Background

Many clinical trials have evaluated the oxidative stress reduction and enhancement of antioxidant status following yogic practices, but a review has not been reported earlier. Present study is designed to systematically review the effect of yogic practices on oxidative stress and antioxidant status.

Content

Using the MEDLINE, EMBASE SCOPEMED, and Indian database electronic searches were performed through August 2016 using the keywords yoga AND oxidative stress OR antioxidant which yielded 97 studies. Selections were made to include only experimental studies written in English, published in peer-reviewed journals and investigating the effects of regular yogic practices on oxidative stress and antioxidant status in these studies.

Summary and outlook

Search yielded a total of 97 trials, 11 met rigorous criteria for final systematic review. Healthy population showed overall enhancement of antioxidant status and reduced oxidative stress following yogic practices. Diabetic patients showed increased glutathione, vitamin C content and superoxide dismutase activity and decreased malondialdehyde content following yogic practices. Prediabetic and hypertensive patients showed reduced malondialdehyde content following yogic practices. Renal disease patients showed decreased protein oxidation, and increased superoxide dismutase activity following yogic practices. Regular yogic practices can improve antioxidants and reduce oxidative stress in healthy, diabetic, prediabetic, hypertensive and renal disease patients. Studies on other disease population have rarely been reported and studies are very few to conclude strongly.
Substation Equipment 3D Identification Based on KNN Classification of Subspace Feature Vector
Authors: Guo Weiying , Ji Yong , Luo Yong , Zhou Yan
Published: October 2017

Aiming to realize rapid and efficient three-dimensional (3D) identification of substation equipment, this article proposes a new method in which the 3D identification of substation equipment is based on K-nearest neighbor (KNN) classification of subspace feature vector. First of all, the article uses octree encoding to reduce and denoise the point cloud data obtained by a 3D laser scanner. Secondly, position calibration and size standardization are used for the point cloud after pretreatment. Then, the normalized point cloud is divided into a number of cubes with same size. The cosine of the angle between the positive direction of z axis and a vector from the global centroid of the point cloud to the centroid of each subspace is regarded as the feature of the subspace. All cosines of subspaces constitute the feature of the point cloud. Finally, we classify the subspace feature vector by using the KNN algorithm and improve classification accuracy by using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The simulation results show that the identification accuracy of the proposed method for unknown substation equipment is about 90% and the proposed method is applicable to low-degree losses. Apparently, this method can accurately identify 3D substation equipment. At the same time, increasing the number of subspaces will improve the accuracy; however, it will increase the recognition time.
Transfusion-associated necrotizing enterocolitis re-evaluated: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rai Stientje Esther , Sidhu Amneet Kaur , Krishnan Rohin Jayaram
Published: October 2017

Context:

Significant controversy exists surrounding the possible association between recent packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion and the subsequent development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in infants. Previous studies and meta-analyses reporting a statistically significant association led to a practice change to withhold enteral feeds in the peri-transfusion period in many centers in an effort to prevent NEC; however, results from more recent studies do not support the existence of an association and, thus, question the validity of this practice change.

Objective:

This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether exposure to recent PRBC transfusion (defined as within 48 h) is associated with the subsequent development of NEC stage ≥II (Bell’s criteria) in infants.

Methods:

Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to October 7, 2015. A gray literature search was also performed. Studies comparing the risk of NEC in infants exposed and unexposed to recent PRBC transfusion were included. Thirteen studies met eligibility criteria, and 10 (n=15,675 infants) were included in the meta-analysis. Three authors independently extracted data, and meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model.

Results:

We found a statistically significant 45% reduction in the unadjusted odds of NEC in infants exposed to a recent PRBC transfusion (odds ratio=0.55, 95% confidence interval=0.31–0.98).

Conclusion:

Our results show a protective effect of recent PRBC transfusion on the subsequent development of NEC. The practice of withholding enteral feeds during the peri-transfusion period should be re-evaluated in light of these results.
Procedural Delay in the Developing Middle East
Authors: Economides Kim
Published: October 2017

In this article, I explore whether and how Middle Eastern legal process can be reconciled with the idea of timeliness. The idea that any procedure physically within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions could be both fair and expeditious may appear counterintuitive to those brought up in the Anglo-American legal tradition, and the suggestion that there could exist a notion of “timely Middle Eastern procedure” that produced just and fair results is more than likely to be treated as an oxymoron. Administrative, political and legal processes throughout the Levant and Arab world are, when viewed through Western eyes, more than likely to be characterised as corrupt, slow or even Kafkaesque. I argue that procedural delay is an inherently problematic and relative concept, both legally and culturally speaking, which cannot make sense without introducing robust time standards against which court processing time can be evaluated. I seek to elucidate the fundamental nature and causes of procedural delay in relation to civil trials and propose the adoption of a distinct methodology that could be used to more objectively assess court efficiency in handling civil cases throughout the GCC and MENA regions.
Die digitalisierte GmbH
Authors: Paal Boris P.
Published: October 2017

Anlässlich des 125. Geburtstages des GmbHG wagt der nachfolgende Beitrag einen Blick in die Zukunft der GmbH. Im Fokus stehen die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der durch die Digitalisierung induzierten Entwicklungen für die Rechtsform der GmbH. Ausgangspunkt der Überlegungen sind die bisherigen Legislativakte zur Anpassung des Gesellschaftsrechts im Allgemeinen und des GmbH-Rechts im Besonderen an die veränderten technischen Rahmenbedingungen. Daran anknüpfend werden wesentliche Veränderungstreiber der Digitalisierung thematisiert (i.e. das Internet der Dinge, Künstliche Intelligenz und die Blockchain-Technologie) und sodann auf Grundlage der skizzierten Entwicklungen die Perspektiven einer „GmbH 4.0“ aufgezeigt. Hier birgt etwa der Ansatz von „Publizität durch Technik“ ein erhebliches Transferpotential für rechtliche Instrumentarien: (Gesellschafts-)Register oder Anteilsübertragungen könnten perspektivisch in einer Blockchain abgebildet werden – und damit das derzeitige Transparenzregime des Unternehmensrechts ablösen. Darüber hinaus wird diskutiert, ob die Anwendungsfelder der Rechtsform der GmbH in Ansehung der Digitalisierung erweitert werden sollten: So mag die GmbH in modifizierter Form einen tauglichen Anknüpfungspunkt für die rechtliche Rahmung der Robotik bieten und auf diese Weise prominente Referenzgebiete der Robotik, so beispielsweise das automatisierte bzw. autonome Fahren, neu erschließen.
Die digitalisierte GmbH
Authors: Bormann Jens
Published: October 2017

125 Jahre nach Einführung des GmbH-Gesetzes mehren sich angesichts der zunehmenden Digitalisierung der Wirtschaft die Rufe nach einer Digitalisierung des Gesellschaftsrechts. So plant die Europäische Kommission noch in diesem Jahr die Veröffentlichung eines Legislativvorschlags, der den Einsatz digitaler Technologien für den gesamten Lebenszyklus von Unternehmen verbindlich vorschreibt. Vor diesem Hintergrund zeigt der vorliegende Beitrag auf, dass die Lebenswirklichkeit des deutschen GmbH-Rechts bereits heute durch eine Kombination von digitalen Verfahren und Präsenzverfahren geprägt ist. Dieses Kombinationsmodell beruht, wie gezeigt wird, auf einer ordnungspolitischen Grundentscheidung für ein effizientes System der vorsorgenden Rechtspflege, in dem komplexe Gesellschaftsstrukturen in öffentlichen Registern abgebildet werden und die dafür erforderliche Verlässlichkeit der zugrunde liegenden Daten durch den Notar als „Gatekeeper“ der Register gewährleistet wird. Eine vollständige Digitalisierung des GmbH-Rechts würde demgegenüber einen dramatischen Verlust and Gestaltungsfreiheit, Transparenz und Rechtssicherheit mit sich bringen, weshalb für die Aufnahme eines Präsenzvorbehalts in den Legislativvorschlag der Kommission zum Online-Lifecycle von Unternehmen plädiert wird. Der Betrag schließt mit einem Ausblick, wie eine sinnvolle Weiterentwicklung der GmbH im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung aussehen könnte.
(Dicyclohexyl(2-(dimesitylboryl)phenyl)phosphine: en route to stable frustrated Lewis pairs-hydrogen adducts in water
Authors: Sorochkina Kristina , Chernichenko Konstantin , Nieger Martin , Leskelä Markku , Repo Timo
Published: October 2017

The new ansa-phosphinoborane (dicyclohexyl(2-(dimesitylboryl)phenyl)phosphine was synthesized via an one-pot protocol in 67% yield. The compound has been characterized by 1H, 13C, 11B and 31P NMR, and its solid-state structure determined by a single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The ansa-phosphinoborane does not react with molecular hydrogen or water at room or elevated temperature. According to performed DFT studies, heterolytic splitting of water or hydrogen by the phosphinoborane are both endergonic but close in thermodynamics. In polar solvents, such as in methanol or acetonitrile, addition of hydrogen is energetically more favorable than of water.
Six Sessions of Sprint Interval Training Improves Running Performance in Trained Athletes
Authors: Koral Jerome , Oranchuk Dustin J. , Herrera Roberto , Millet Guillaume Y.
Published: October 2017

Koral, J, Oranchuk, DJ, Herrera, R, and Millet, GY. Six sessions of sprint interval training improves running performance in trained athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 617–623, 2018—Sprint interval training (SIT) is gaining popularity with endurance athletes. Various studies have shown that SIT allows for similar or greater endurance, strength, and power performance improvements than traditional endurance training but demands less time and volume. One of the main limitations in SIT research is that most studies were performed in a laboratory using expensive treadmills or ergometers. The aim of this study was to assess the performance effects of a novel short-term and highly accessible training protocol based on maximal shuttle runs in the field (SIT-F). Sixteen (12 male, 4 female) trained trail runners completed a 2-week procedure consisting of 4–7 bouts of 30 seconds at maximal intensity interspersed by 4 minutes of recovery, 3 times a week. Maximal aerobic speed (MAS), time to exhaustion at 90% of MAS before test (Tmax at 90% MAS), and 3,000-m time trial (TT3000m) were evaluated before and after training. Data were analyzed using a paired samples t-test, and Cohen's (d) effect sizes were calculated. Maximal aerobic speed improved by 2.3% (p = 0.01, d = 0.22), whereas peak power (PP) and mean power (MP) increased by 2.4% (p = 0.009, d = 0.33) and 2.8% (p = 0.002, d = 0.41), respectively. TT3000m was 6% shorter (p < 0.001, d = 0.35), whereas Tmax at 90% MAS was 42% longer (p < 0.001, d = 0.74). Sprint interval training in the field significantly improved the 3,000-m run, time to exhaustion, PP, and MP in trained trail runners. Sprint interval training in the field is a time-efficient and cost-free means of improving both endurance and power performance in trained athletes.
Individual testosterone decline and future mortality risk in men
Authors: Holmboe Stine A , Skakkebæk Niels E , Juul Anders , Scheike Thomas , Jensen Tina K , Linneberg Allan , Thuesen Betina H , Andersson Anna-Maria
Published: October 2017

Objective

Male aging is characterized by a decline in testosterone (TS) levels with a substantial variability between subjects. However, it is unclear whether differences in age-related changes in TS are associated with general health. We investigated associations between mortality and intra-individual changes in serum levels of total TS, SHBG, free TS and LH during a ten-year period with up to 18 years of registry follow-up.

Design

1167 men aged 30–60 years participating in the Danish Monitoring Trends and Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA1) study and who had a follow-up examination ten years later (MONICA10) were included. From MONICA10, the men were followed up to 18 years (mean: 15.2 years) based on the information from national mortality registries via their unique personal ID numbers.

Methods

Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the association between intra-individual hormone changes and all-cause, CVD and cancer mortalities.

Results

A total of 421 men (36.1%) died during the follow-up period. Men with most pronounced decline in total TS (<10th percentile) had a higher all-cause mortality risk compared to men within the 10th to 90th percentile (hazard ratio (HR): 1.60; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08–2.36). No consistent associations were seen in cause-specific mortality analyses.

Conclusion

Our study showed that higher mortality rates were seen among the men who had the most pronounced age-related decline in TS, independent of their baseline TS levels.
The endoplasmic reticulum, calcium signaling and junction turnover in Sertoli cells
Authors: Vogl A. Wayne , Lyon Kevin , Adams Arlo , Piva Matthew , Nassour Vanessa
Published: October 2017

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms a continuous network throughout morphologically differentiated Sertoli cells. It is an integral component of intercellular adhesion junctions in this cell type, as well as forming membrane contact sites with the plasma membrane and intracellular organelles. One of the major functions of the ER in cells generally is maintaining calcium homeostasis and generating calcium signals. In this review, we discuss what is currently known about the overall pattern of distribution of the ER in Sertoli cells and the location of calcium regulatory machinery in the various subdomains of the organelle. Current data is consistent with the hypothesis that calcium signaling by the ER of Sertoli cells may play a significant role in events related to junction remodeling that occur in the seminiferous epithelium during spermatogenesis.
A relação entre paisagem, produção e habitação de um engenho na ilha de Santa Catarina: proposta para aplicação em interpretações arqueológicas
Authors: Paulino da Silva Osvaldo
Published: October 2017

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A espanhola em Porto Alegre em 1918, de Janete Silveira
Authors: Bakos Margaret , Do Nascimento Rótolo Morais Laura
Published: October 2017

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Rádio e cinema no Estado Novo: a criação do D.I.P
Authors: Nunes José Luiz
Published: October 2017

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Folclore mágico do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Simon Ribeiro Paula
Published: October 2017

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Uma incursão às fontes sobre o movimento operário de Rio Grande no início do século XX
Authors: Xerri Eliana Gasparini
Published: October 2017

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Mulher, sinônimo de trabalho. Papéis sociais, imaginário e identidade feminina na Região Colonial Italiana do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Favaro Cleci Eulalia
Published: October 2017

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Os capuchinhos no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Flores Moacyr
Published: October 2017

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Relação da Tomada da Colônia do Sacramento
Authors: Flores Moacyr
Published: October 2017

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A revista Cercle et Carré e a crise dos projetos messiânicos
Authors: Kern Maria Lúcia Bastos
Published: October 2017

Os artistas que fundaram a revista Cercleet Carré, em Paris, em 1930, foram caracterizados por trazer diferentes tendências internacionais de arte juntos. Seus projetos estéticos são baseados em visões messiânicas. No entanto, muitos deles abandonaram, em parte, essas concepções, aproximando-se a ciência ou formalismo. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar as ideias selecionadas de diferentes escritores na revista, tentando contextualizar essas ideias, sobre os seus objetivos e os problemas que enfrentam.
SIMETRIA E SIMBOLISMO: TORRES GARCÍA, XUL SOLAR E BARNETT NEWMAN*
Authors: Gradowczyk Mario H.
Published: October 2017

Seria difícil de encontrar pontos de contato entre essas figuras paradigmáticas: o Uruguai Joaquín Torres García (1876-1949), o argentino Alejandro Xul Solar (1887- 1963) eo norte-americano Barnett Newman (1905-1970). No entanto, por trás de suas diferentes atitudes perante a vida, os três artistas compartilham aspirações espirituais comuns que dão conteúdo universal às suas criações em um período histórico onde a palavra Modernismo foi reconhecida como sinônimo de renovação formal.Torres García tinha se dedicado para a articulação de uma proposta construtiva com conotações místicas e universais. Em Paris, Torres Garcia consolidou sua mistura especial de Construtivismo. Depois de deixar seu rastro de murais, pinturas, construções com madeira, brinquedos, desenhos, textos programáticos, e seus manifestos na Europa, o artista voltou a Montevidéu. Lá, ele aprofundou seus objetivos pictóricos, publicou a Estrutura e Universalismo Construtivo, ele deu palestras, ele executou murais de grande escala - infelizmente já não na existem - e fundou a EscueladelSur.Xul Solar, depois de um período de formação numa Europa dividida pela Primeira Guerra Mundial, voltou a Buenos Aires em 1924 e participou do grupo Martin Fierro. Embora sempre pronto para ouvir e compartilhar com os outros as suas cosmogonias, Xul acabou por ser para a maioria de seus contemporâneos, um solitário, um excêntrico, de acordo com a “aparência exótica” com a qual ele protegeu-se a ele mesmo.Barnett Newman, um dos maiores Norte-Americanos expressionistas abstratos, um estudante de arte arcaica e povos primitivos, expressa com suas telas articuladas com tiras verticais a visão de um artista que recriou em suas [resumo] formas um mundo de símbolos. Ele defendeu o uso de elementos geométricos, mas se opôs aos abstracionistas puros, cujo epítome - de acordo com Newman - foi a produção de Mondrian. Nessa nova pintura, que ele tinha chamado plasmic, porque os elementos plásticosda arte foram convertidos em plasma mental, abstração é o idioma adequado para a visualização de formas e cores que atuam como símbolos para desenhar o observador mais perto de visão do artista.É impossível confundir a emoção contida em abstrações de Newman com a energia expansiva irradiando de construções de Torres Garcia ou com XulSolarts ideogramas curiosos incorporados em sua linguagem: Neo-creoletão irreverente como é sugestiva; estes expressam gestos e atitudes incomparáveis. O que desejo enfatizar é que a partilha de uma visão cósmica com uma avaliação do mítico e simbólico levou a coincidências importantes entre esses artistas, que até agora não estudado a partir dessa perspectiva, coincidências que reafirmam a importância do compromisso espiritual de um grupo de artistas dentro do movimento moderno.
O SAGRADO NA OBRA DE ANTÔNIO BANDEIRA
Authors: Lopes Almerinda Da Silva
Published: October 2017

Ele é considerado como um dos primeiros artistas a usar a Abstração Informal no Brasil, depois de seu primeiro período de participar na segunda Escola de Paris (1946-1951); no entanto, a produção artística deste artista foi mantida em trânsito permanente entre o figurativo e o ramo não geométrico da abstração e entre a abstração informal ea abstração geométrica. E diferentemente de outros seguidores do informalismo, Antônio Bandeira continuou dando títulos de suas obras, principalmente para as árvores e as catedrais, nas quais ele faz singularidades míticas e religiosas evidentes. Em especial através das catedrais, ele se aventura em uma espécie de revisitação de temas semelhantes aos de Paul Klee, Mondrian e Pollock, que são reprocessados, recodificados e atualizados por ele.
El arte naturalista y el arte geometrico
Authors: García J. Torres
Published: October 2017

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1973-1998: Um programa de ensino e pesquisa completa vinte e cinco anos de consolidação e maioridade
Authors: Kern Arno Alvarez
Published: October 2017

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Ideário do progresso e cidades: uma Curitiba das primeiras décadas do século XX
Authors: Santos Antonio Cesar De Almeida
Published: October 2017

Neste artigo, o autor investiga a “ideia da cidade” presente em Curitiba durante as três primeiras décadas do século 20. Considerando que idealizar uma cidade significa propor a sua ordenação, é necessário conhecer as concepções sociais, que orientam a construção do espaço urbano, bem como apreender os significados atribuídos a ele. A fim de fazer isso, o artigo discute a existência de uma relação entre as ideias positivistas expressas em uma crença no progresso e as transformações doespaço urbano em Curitiba na época.
La cuestión de Ia alimentación obrera en Buenos Aires y Río de Janeiro entre 1930 y 1945
Authors: Ferreras Norberto  Ferreras O.
Published: October 2017

No presente artigo tentamos apresentar como a questão da alimentação operária tem uma grande influência na conformação do cotidiano dos trabalhadores. Abordamos esta questão desde uma perspectiva comparativa, tomando os casos de Buenos Aires e Rio de Janeiro, onde as diferenças, a priori, são sensíveis, mas que nos permitem pensar as diferenças relativas.
El debate epistemológico sobre Ia Historia de la lglesia
Authors: Alcaide Elisa Luque
Published: October 2017

O debate sobre o caráter histórico e/ou teológico da História da Igreja estalou na Alemanha depois da II Guerra Mundial. Hoje se discute sobre História da Igreja ou História religiosa. Abordam-se as seguintes discussões na II Conferência Geral: História da Igreja na América Latina e no Caribe, de Cehila, São Paulo (1995); compiladas na Europa no XVI Simpósio Internacional de Teologia Que é História da Igreja, Pamplona (1995), e no Simpósio Religiosidade e Historiografia: a erupção do pluralismo religioso na América Latina, Colonia (1996).
A ruptura Brasil-Portugal à época da Revolta da Armada
Authors: Alves Francisco Das Neves
Published: October 2017

A Revolta da Armada constituiu-se num evento marcante da vida política brasileira à época da mudança na forma de governo, afetando tanto as estruturas internas quanto a política externa da incipiente República Brasileira. Neste quadro, a intervenção estrangeira junto à ação dos revoltosos seria decisiva para os destinos do movimento, com a vitória governista. A partir da derrota rebelde e do asilo concedido em embarcações portuguesas, desencadeou-se um estremecimento nas relações luso-brasileiras que redundaria na ruptura diplomática entre Brasil e Portugal.
Entre a bombacha e a camisa negra: notas sobre a ação do fascismo italiano e do integralismo no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Bertonha João Fábio
Published: October 2017

O presente artigo aborda a ação do fascismo italiano no Rio Grande do Sul entre 1922 e 1942, procurando compreender o processo pelo qual ele se inseriu na vida da região colonial italiana e o grau de resposta dessa comunidade aos apelos do regime de Mussolini. As relações do fascismo com a estrutura da Igreja Católica na região e com o Integralismo são especialmente enfocadas.
Narratividade e objetividade na Ciência Histórica
Authors: Rüsen Jörn
Published: October 2017

O artigo procura mostrar como no decorrer do tempo se deu o confronto entre tendências objetivistas e subjetivistas no pensamento histórico, resultando na ambição de elevar a História à categoria de uma ciência objetiva, por um lado, e na tentativa de reduzi-la a uma narração puramente subjetiva, por outro lado. O autor procura intermediar entre essas duas tendências aparentemente irreconciliáveis.
Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall
Authors: Clifford Ray
Published: October 2017

This article is a revised version of a keynote address given by the author at CALICO '98, the fifteenth annual CALICO symposium, in San Diego, California in July 1998. CALICO wishes to thank Dr. Clifford for his keynote address at CALICO '98 and his permission to publish it here. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center.
INSTRUMENTOS DE MEDICIÓN DE DIVERSAS CARACTERÍSTICAS PSICOSOCIALES PARA NIÑAS Y JÓVENES MEXICANAS EN SITUACIÓN DE DESAMPARO -Measuring instruments of several psychosocial characteristics in girls and young Mexican women in neglected situation
Authors: Castaños Cervantes Susana , Turnbull Plaza Bernardo , Aguilar Villalobos Javier
Published: October 2017

Las niñas y jóvenes en situación de desamparo presentan deficiencias de salud mental que deterioran gravemente su bienestar biopsicosocial. Mundialmente casi no hay instrumentos de evaluación para esta población. Consecuentemente, se carece de diagnósticos fiables. Propósito: se realizó este estudio preliminar para adaptar y validar escalas de medición de síntomas ansiosos y depresivos, asertividad y regulación emocional en 413 niñas y jóvenes mexicanas en situación de desamparo de entre 6 y 23 años de edad (M[DT]=11.75[2.78]). Metodología: se llevaron a cabo tres estudios piloto y la versión final de los cuestionarios se aplicó a 240 participantes del total. Hallazgos: los resultados alcanzados muestran estimados de validez y fiabilidad que determinan la veracidad de las características psicométricas de las escalas. Según el análisis factorial confirmatorio efectuado, se obtuvieron índices de ajuste y de validez discriminante y convergente apropiados constatando aún más que dichas pruebas pueden ser retomadas para futuras aplicaciones con poblaciones similares. Originalidad: la utilidad del estudio estriba en que se tienen, por primera vez en México, instrumentos preliminares para medir sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva, conductas asertivas y estrategias de regulación emocional en niñas y jóvenes en situación de desamparo.
Individual and climate factors associated with acute respiratory infection in Colombian children
Authors: Cárdenas-Cárdenas Luz Mery , Castañeda-Orjuela Carlos Andrés , Chaparro-Narváez Pablo , Hoz-Restrepo Fernando De la
Published: October 2017

The objective of this study was to examine the association between acute respiratory infection recall (ARI-recall) and individual and environmental factors such as climate, precipitation, and altitude above sea level in Colombian children. A secondary analysis of 11,483 Colombian children, whose mothers were interviewed in the 2010 National Demographic and Health Survey, was carried out. The outcome variable was the mother’s or caregiver’s ARI-recall. The independent variables were expressed at individual, cluster, and municipal levels. At the individual level, we considered health and individual characteristics of the children; at cluster level, we incorporated the altitude above sea level; and at the municipal level, we included precipitation and annual average climate. The association between ARI-recall and independent variables was assessed using a multilevel logistic regression model. ARI-recall was significantly associated with age (OR = 0.61; 95%CI: 0.48-0.79), belonging to an indigenous group (OR = 1.51; 95%CI: 1.16-1.96), and a medium or very poor wealth index (OR = 2.03; 95%CI: 1.25-3.30 and OR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.08-2.84, respectively). We found interaction between acute child malnutrition and average annual precipitation. Children with acute malnutrition and from municipalities with high annual precipitation had significantly 3.6-fold increased risk of ARI-recall (OR = 3.6; 95%CI: 1.3-10.1). Individual conditions and precipitation are risk factors for ARI-recall in Colombian children. These results could be useful to understand ARI occurrence in children living in tropical countries with similar characteristics.
Fatores associados à adesão à alimentação escolar por adolescentes de escolas públicas estaduais de Colombo, Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Valentim Emanuele de Araujo , Almeida Claudia Choma Bettega de , Taconeli César Augusto , Osório Mônica Maria , Schmidt Suely Teresinha
Published: October 2017

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à adesão à alimentação escolar de adolescentes, sendo avaliados 1.569 indivíduos. Foi aplicado um formulário on-line sobre adesão à alimentação escolar aos adolescentes, e outro com dados socioeconômicos, aos pais. O teste de χ² foi utilizado para avaliar a associação entre a adesão à alimentação escolar e sexo, estado nutricional, renda familiar per capita, escolaridade materna, opinião dos adolescentes sobre a estrutura do refeitório, se consideram a alimentação escolar saudável ou não e consumo de outros alimentos. As variáveis com significância estatística em relação à adesão à alimentação escolar foram incluídas no modelo de regressão logística de chances proporcionais pelo modelo multinível. O conjunto de covariáveis a compor o modelo final foi definido por métodos de seleção Backward. O resultado do modelo ajustado foi apresentado na forma de razão de chances, acompanhado dos respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC95%). A prevalência de adesão à alimentação escolar foi baixa, especialmente a adesão efetiva (19,8%). A adesão mostrou-se associada à renda familiar per capita inferior a um salário mínimo, ao menor consumo de alimentos que não os da alimentação escolar, ao fato de os adolescentes considerarem o espaço do refeitório adequado e acreditarem que a alimentação escolar era saudável. A adesão à alimentação escolar neste estudo está distante de atender a universalidade do programa. Diferentes fatores apontados contribuem para a sua não efetivação, o que pode dificultar a concretização da política de segurança alimentar e nutricional, uma perspectiva do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE).
La atención a la enfermedad renal en Uruguay: la perspectiva de individuos con trasplante renal
Authors: Mercado-Martínez Francisco Javier , Levin-Echeverri Rodolfo
Published: October 2017

Resumen: Este trabajo examina la atención renal desde la perspectiva de quienes han sido trasplantados, padeciendo enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), así como la de sus familias. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo en tres ciudades de Uruguay. Utilizando un muestreo teórico, seleccionamos 25 personas con ERC que vivieran con trasplante renal, y cinco familiares. Se hicieron entrevistas semi-estructuradas para explorar las perspectivas de los participantes; así como análisis de contenido. Cuatro ejes temáticos fueron construidos a partir del discurso de los participantes: reconociendo los logros del sistema de atención, teniendo derecho a la salud, identificando problemas en la atención y formulando propuestas de acción. El sistema de atención es considerado adecuado, eficiente y de calidad por quienes viven con trasplante renal, son jóvenes, trabajadores, de Montevideo y están cubiertos por el sector sanitario privado. Lo contrario sucede con los jubilados o pensionistas, con multi-morbilidad, del interior del país, cubiertos por el sector público y viviendo en la pobreza. Los participantes también formulan propuestas para resolver los problemas identificados. Además de reconocer el acceso gratuito y universal a las terapias renales, a las cuales consideran tener derecho, concluimos que los individuos con trasplante de riñón valoran favorablemente la atención sanitaria y los organismos involucrados. Sin embargo, algunos enfrentan serios obstáculos para acceder a una atención gratuita, oportuna y de calidad. Recomendamos impulsar estrategias para incorporar propuestas de los individuos enfermos y sus familias, a fin de mejorar dicha atención y disminuir las desigualdades sociales.
Hybrid cultivars of pear in subtropics regions: processing ability in the form of jelly
Authors: Curi Paula Nogueira , Bisi Rayane Barcelos , Salgado Derlyene Lucas , Barbosa Caio Morais de Alcântara , Pio Rafael , Souza Vanessa Rios de
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to characterize five different hybrid cultivars pears (‘Tenra’, ‘Centenária’, ‘Cascatence’, ‘Primorosa’ and ‘Seleta’) deployed in subtropical regions of Brazil regarding its physicochemical characteristics, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, as well as to evaluate the influence of these cultivars on the characteristics physicochemical, rheological properties and sensory acceptance of the obtained jelly, for identifying varieties with higher potential for industrial use. Regardingthe bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity it was observed that ‘Seleta’ cultivar was characterized by a higher phenolic content (57.68mg GAEs 100g-1), higher antioxidant activity (13.56% of DPPH sequestration and 1.25µM of trolox g -1) and higher content of vitamin C (3.59mg 100g-1). As the acidity, it ranged from 4.09 to 5.81 g of malic acid 100g-1 (‘Tenra’ and ‘Seleta’, respectively). Regarding color, the color parameter L* varied from 32.14 to 36.83, a* ranged from 2.87 to 5.20, b* ranged from 16.57 to 20.42, Chroma ranged from 16.67 to 21.02 and °Hue ranged from 74.94 to 80.18. Regarding the texture, the jellies produced from ‘Centenária’ and ‘Tenra’ were characterized by having the highest values of hardness (1.21 and 1.23N, respectively), gumminess (0.42 and 0.45, respectively) and chewiness (0.40 and 0.45N, respectively). The jelly obtained from the ‘Centenária’ still showed the highest adhesiveness (2.27N s-1) and springiness (0.99). Already jellies prepared by ‘Cascatence’ showed the highest cohesiveness values (0.68). The jellies prepared with different pear cultivars showed good sensory acceptance for all measured properties, with average scores ranging between the hedonic terms “liked slightly” to “liked very much”. Cultivars of subtropical pear trees present different physicochemical characteristics, resulting in jellies with different physicochemical characteristics and rheological properties. Processing in the form of jelly is extremely viable due to the good acceptance by consumers of all formulations elaborated.
Successional stage effect on the availability of tree cavities for cavity-nesting birds in an Atlantic Forest park from the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Katayama Michele Viana , Zima Paulo Victor Queijo , Perrella Daniel Fernandes , Francisco Mercival Roberto
Published: October 2017

Abstract The availability of suitable cavities and substrate for hole construction can limit the populations of birds that rely on tree hollows to reproduce. Several studies have focused on the effects of types of habitats, and types of human disturbances on cavities abundance, but the effect of successional stages in the Atlantic Forest has been poorly addressed. In this study we aimed to compare the availability and biometric characteristics of tree cavities between primary and mid-successional stage sites in an Atlantic Forest area from southeastern Brazil. Based on nest characteristics described in the literature, we inferred if hollows present in secondary sites could harbor the large secondary-nester Atlantic Forest birds, with special attention to toucans and hawks. From September 2016 to April 2017, 96 cavities were sampled, 67 in the primary, and 29 in the secondary plots. Our data revealed that the communities of cavity-nester birds in mid-successional stage areas may be more affected by the reduced cavity availability than by cavities quality, as the number of cavities in these sites was less than half than that found in mature forests. We also provide evidences that the largest cavity nesters, such as the biggest hawks, might have limited nesting possibilities in mid-successional stage areas especially due to small cavity entrances, which may have important reflects in conservation strategies.
Desempenho e características de carcaça de três genótipos comerciais de frangos de corte alimentados com diferentes dietas
Authors: Silva M.T.P. , Veloso R.C. , Pires A.V. , Torres Filho R.A. , Pinheiro S.R.F. , Winkelstroter L.K. , Barros F.J.M. , Senna J.A.B.
Published: October 2017

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho e as características de carcaça de frangos de corte de três genótipos comerciais do nascimento aos 35 dias de idade. Utilizou-se um total de 2.970 pintos de três genótipos de aves comerciais (Cobb 500, Hubbard Flex e Ross 308). Os programas nutricionais foram dieta basal, dieta com 10% mais e 10% menos de aminoácidos do que a dieta basal. As aves foram distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 3x3x2 (genótipo x dieta x sexo), com cinco repetições e 33 aves por unidade experimental. Conversão alimentar, ganho de peso diário, ingestão da dieta e peso corporal aos 35 dias de idade foram registrados. Duas aves de cada unidade experimental foram amostradas e abatidas aos 35 dias de idade para avaliar as seguintes características de carcaça: peso corporal no momento do abate, peso da carcaça e rendimento, e peso e rendimento dos cortes (peito, pernas e asas). Houve uma interação significativa entre o genótipo e sexo para GPD e PC35. Os machos apresentaram melhores desempenhos e características de carcaças do que as fêmeas.
Avaliação metabólica e hemodinâmica de dois protocolos de sedação prolongada em cães
Authors: Regalin D. , Gehrcke M. I. , Comassetto F. , Regalin B.D.C. , Rosa L. , Padilha V.S. , Lima I.T. , Moraes A.N. , Oleskovicz N.
Published: October 2017

RESUMO Objetivou-se determinar a viabilidade de dois protocolos de sedação para ventilação prolongada em cães e seus efeitos hemodinâmicos e metabólicos. Doze cães, alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos (n=6), receberam infusão contínua de midazolam (0,5mg/kg/h), fentanil (10µg/kg/h) e propofol (18mg/kg/h) no GMF ou cetamina (0,6mg/kg/h), morfina (0,26mg/kg/h) e propofol (18mg/kg/h) no GCM, durante 24 horas. Os cães foram ventilados mecanicamente com FiO2 de 40%, mantendo-se a normocapnia. A FC diminuiu 32% no GMF e 34% no GCM ao longo do tempo, reduzindo o IC em 24% no GMF e em 29% no GCM. A CaO2, o CvmO2, a DO2 e o VO2 diminuíram no GCM (5%, 16%, 31% e 7%) e no GMF (4%, 19%, 26% e 15%), respectivamente. A TEO2 aumentou 32% no GMF e 36% no GCM, sem diferenças entre grupos, porém a calorimetria indireta demonstrou diminuição do VO2, minimizando a redução da DO2. Não houve diferença entre os tempos para extubação, deambulação e recuperação total, com médias globais (minutos) de 33,8±15,9, 134,8±60,7 e 208±77,5, respectivamente. Conclui-se que ambos os protocolos permitiram a ventilação mecânica, com redução do IC e da DO2, porém sem prejuízos hemodinâmicos e metabólicos, podendo ser utilizados com segurança em cães hígidos.
Age influence on quality of shell and penetration in bacterial laying lightweight eggs
Authors: Smaniotto B.D. , Amarante A.F. , Altarugio R. , Silva I.G.O. , Corrêa I.M.O. , Pereira L.Q. , Sartori M.M.P. , Andreatti Filho R.L. , Guimarães-Okamoto P.T.C. , Okamoto A.S.
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the influence of the bird’s age on the quality of the shell and percentage of bacterial penetration in commercial eggs. White-shelled commercial eggs were used, laid by light laying hens in their first laying cycle at 21, 39, 51, and 62 weeks of age. Shell quality evaluations comprised: egg weight, specific gravity, percentage and thickness of shell, number and size of pores. For evaluations regarding bacterial penetration, strains of several enterobacterias and one salmonella were used, all of which resistant to Nalidixic acid (100µg/ml). The method employed for evaluation of bacterial penetration was filling the eggs with growth medium. The data were subjected to variance analysis with 5% of probability using SAS (Education Analytical Software, 2013). Eveb though increase in the laying hen's age caused reduction of the quality of eggshells, it failed to affect the percentage of penetration of the bacterial samples evaluated.
Refluxo gastroesofágico em cadelas durante ovário-histerectomia convencional submetidas a diferentes medicações pré-anestésicas
Authors: Hartmann H.F. , Feranti J.P.S. , Oliveira M.T. , Linhares M.T. , Correa L.F.D. , Coradini G.P. , Pires B. , Brun M.V.
Published: October 2017

RESUMO A doença do refluxo gastroesofágico decorre do fluxo de conteúdo gastroduodenal para o esôfago e/ou para os órgãos adjacentes, o que leva à ampla gama de sinais e implicações clínicas. É desconhecida a incidência de refluxo gastroesofágico transoperatório em caninos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi, por meio da endoscopia flexível, avaliar a presença do refluxo gastroesofágico em cadelas submetidas a ovário-histerectomia com base nos fármacos analgésicos utilizados na medicação pré-anestésica (morfina, tramadol ou metadona). Concluiu-se que não houve diferença na incidência de refluxo gastroesofágico transoperatório, não tendo os fármacos testados influenciado de forma diferente esse comportamento; porém, alguns animais do grupo morfina apresentaram êmese pré-operatória. A gravidade dos refluxos foi maior nas cadelas submetidas ao uso da metadona, de acordo com o método de avaliação utilizado para esta pesquisa.
Estudo anatômico, ultrassonográfico e tomográfico do aparato podotroclear de equinos adultos
Authors: Souza L.P. , Bortolini Z. , Müller T.R. , Fonteque J.H. , Schade J. , Luciani M.G. , Souza D.S. , Vulcano L.C.
Published: October 2017

RESUMO A síndrome do navicular é uma condição que envolve o aparato podotroclear e representa uma das causas mais comuns de claudicação dos membros torácicos de equinos. Portanto, o estudo complementar da região reveste-se de grande interesse quando se refere ao diagnóstico e tratamento das claudicações dos equinos. O objetivo deste estudo foi demonstrar as diferenças dos achados imagenológicos entre a ultrassonografia e a tomografia computadorizada na avaliação das estruturas palmares do aparato podotroclear de equinos adultos e hígidos, bem como a descrição das estruturas observadas nas imagens obtidas com essas técnicas. Para isso, foram realizadas imagens de quatro peças anatômicas, as quais foram posteriormente seccionadas e utilizadas para a descrição anatômica. A utilização de peças anatômicas auxilia no conhecimento da anatomia normal, o que leva à melhor interpretação das imagens e aumenta a especificidade diagnóstica na detecção das alterações que as doenças acarretam. A ultrassonografia fornece informações relevantes quanto às estruturas estudadas, e sua associação com a tomografia computadorizada aumentou a acurácia da investigação. Apesar de o uso da tomografia computadorizada ser mais indicada para tecido ósseo, ela fornece informações importantes, podendo ser usada como uma ferramenta útil quando não se tem disponível a ressonância magnética em razão do custo ou da disponibilidade.