A mesterséges intelligencia belügyi és biztonsági célú alkalmazása
Authors: Necz Dániel 
Published: February 2021

Összefoglalás. A tanulmány célja a mesterséges intelligencia (MI)
belügyi és biztonsági célú alkalmazásának bemutatása, különös figyelemmel az
arcfelismerő rendszerek és egyéb MI alapú megoldások rendvédelmi, nemzetbiztonsági,
valamint önkormányzati és vízgazdálkodási területen való alkalmazásának
lehetőségeire, adatvédelmi és kibervédelmi szempontjaira. A tanulmány ennek kapcsán
mind az irányadó magyar és európai uniós előírásokat és célkitűzéseket, mind az MI-re
irányadó hatósági gyakorlatot számba veszi és ismerteti, valamint ezek tanulságait
összefoglalja és kiértékeli az egyes MI alapú megoldások sajátosságainak
figyelembevételével.

Summary. The purpose of the study is to take a closer look on the
application of artificial intelligence (AI) concerning internal affairs and for
security purposes, with a key focus on facial recognition systems and other solutions
used by law enforcement and national security agencies to answer new challenges posed
by cybercrime and criminal networks spreading through the cyberspace. In the light of
the above, the study further takes into account the risks associated with the usage
of AI solutions concerning internal affairs and for security purposes and tries to
find possible measures to minimize them.

Bearing this in mind, the study highlights the key relevant Hungarian and European
Union requirements and goals, including the approach of the European Union concerning
biometric identification and the Hungarian AI Strategy’s vision on the usage of AI
based solutions for administrative, law enforcement, defense and military national
security purposes.

The study further analyzes the practical aspects of the usage of AI solutions by law
enforcement agencies and the key aspects of facial recognition systems and other
similar solutions. This includes the territory affected by the system, the period of
monitoring, the human revision of the results presented by the algorithms, as well as
data security minimum requirements and the rights of data subjects affected by AI
solutions (e.g. sufficient information provided on the processing of their data in
accordance with the national and public interests related to the usage of AI
solutions).

In addition to the above, the study further discusses the use of AI solutions by
national security agencies, including the aspects of monitoring dark web activities
conducted by criminal and terrorist organizations and ways for national agencies to
intercept messages and gather evidence by new solutions in line with data protection
and constitutional requirements.

Finally, the study helps us understand, how AI based solutions can be used for
facilitating everyday work of local governments (with a key focus on chatbot services
and self-service opportunities) and for solving water management related tasks more
efficiently, thus creating a more modern administration, where citizens can easily
interact with administrative bodies and technical or simpler tasks are undertaken by
algorithms.

All in all, the study outlines how AI is currently used concerning internal affairs
and for security purposes and how it can be used to help law enforcement and national
security agencies fight new forms of crime empowered by technology or to further
modernize local governments and water management systems and apply AI based solutions
in accordance with data protection requirements and procedural laws.