bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing Content And Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) In Secondary Schools
Authors:   Uzbekistan State World Languages University, Artikova Makhim
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to give information about the benefits and stages of implementation of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in secondary schools. It focuses on the objectives and implementation stages of the CLIL, target language skills, assessment, feedback, and dual-subject knowledge in this approach. It further states the benefits of applying CLIL in preparing students for 21- century skills (Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, Decision making, Creativity, Collaboration, Communication), international standardized exams such as IELTS, TOEFL, and large-scale international assessments (PISA, and TIMSS).
Journey From Central Asia To Mecca In The 19th Century: Roads And Conditions (Based On Muntahab Ut-Tawarikh)
Authors:   Candidate Of History Sciences Senior Researcher At The Institute Of History Of The Academy Of Sciences Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Tanieva Guldona Mamanovna
Published: May 2021

It is known that in the XVI-early XX centuries there were three main routes from Central Asia to Mecca - the northern route through the territory of the Russian Empire, the southern route through India and the central route through Iran. It is through these routes that a number of works dedicated to the memories of the pilgrimage by some pilgrims who have made the pilgrimage have come down to us. They contain very valuable information about the history of the pilgrimages of the peoples of Central Asia, the ways of pilgrimage and the conditions in them.
Attitudes And Social Protection Of People With Disabilities During The Fight Against Fascism
Authors:   Department of History, PhD., Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute of Tashkent region, Uzbekistan, Abdurakhmanova Jummagul Nomazovna
Published: May 2021

This article provides information about the post-disability lifestyle of our compatriots, soldiers and officers who returned to Uzbekistan with disabilities, who were wounded at the front and went to fight against fascism. The article also covers the state of the social protection system during the Second World War and the issues of social protection for the disabled. The article also highlights the humane, caring and tolerant qualities of the people of Uzbekistan towards people with disabilities.
Formative Assessment Of Students 'Knowledge As An Innovative Approach To Education
Authors:   Associate Professor Of The Department Of Primary Education, Doctor Of Philosophy Of Pedagogical Sciences (PhD), Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan, Gaybullaevna Dilova Nargiza , Jonpulatovna Saidova Mohinur ,   Associate Professor Of The Department Of Primary Education Methodology, Doctor Of Philosophy In Pedagogy (PhD), Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the importance, possibilities and effectiveness of the use of the formative assessment method by using of innovative teaching in determining and assessing the level of knowledge of students.
Developing Linguistic Competence Through Algorithmic Exercises In 5th Grade Mother Tongue Lessons
Authors:   Senior Lecturer Of The Department Of Primary Education, Namangan State University, Uzbekistan, Yakubjanovna Turaboeva Muqaddas
Published: May 2021

This article discusses algorithmic exercises as a means of increasing the effectiveness of 5th grade mother tongue teaching. In particular, it is scientifically based on the development of pupils' knowledge of linguistic competence through the performance of algorithmic exercises.
Methodological Support Of Teacher Training In English Language Teacher’s Development
Authors:   English As A Foreign Language Teachers At Tashkent State University Of Economics, Uzbekistan, Xodjiakbar Qizi Shukurova Marifat , Sharofiddin Qizi Omina Mukhiddinova ,   English As A Foreign Language Teachers At Tashkent State University Of Economics, Uzbekistan, Vokhidovich Abdurakhmon Norinboev ,   English As A Foreign Language Teachers At Tashkent State University Of Economics, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

Modern English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers are required to be competent in solving problems occurred in teaching and learning processes. They should be conscious of up-to-date information about new approaches, methods and techniques, as well as, they should be capable in use of information and communication technologies (ICT) and of course should work on improvement of their language components. So that EFL teachers could succeed in those goals, they are enrolled to in-service teacher trainings (INSET).
Dynamics Of Moral Relations In Uzbekistan: Social And Philosophical Aspect
Authors:   Candidate Of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Ferghana State University, Uzbekistan, Erkin Khakimov
Published: May 2021

The article is dedicated to the problems of transformation of morality relations in Uzbekistan after gaining independence. The goals and objectives are to analyze and identify the main trends in the development of moral relations in Uzbekistan. The work aims to show main factors influencing this process. This is relevant for the reason that the success of reforms depends on these trends and their consideration in the process of reforming society, since the role of the subjective factor, that is, the people who carry out these reforms is very great. The dynamics of the socio-economic conditions of the life of people causes the transformation of the system of values that was fixed in the spiritual culture, and the moral relations that have developed in society. The “old” values are replaced by “new” ones and a new configuration of their subordination is being built.
In The Studies Of The Late XIX And Early XX Centuries Issues Of Silk Factory Of Turkestan Region
Authors:   Doctor Of Philosophy In History, Fergana State University, Uzbekistan, Odilovna Alimova Nargizaxon
Published: May 2021

This article describes the peculiar contradictory changes that took place in the silk industry of Turkestan in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Research in the late 19th and early 20th centuries also covered the situation in the silk industry during the reign of the Russian Empire.
Use Of Game Technologies In The Process Of Professional Training
Authors:   The Academy Of Public Administration Under The President Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Ismailova Shamsia
Published: May 2021

In this article possibilities of application of game technologies in professional training of students are opened, types of the games generally connected with future professional activity of today's students are designated and characterized; the factors promoting the effective organization of occupations with use of research, problem games and games of administrative character are defined. In article the technique of preparation and carrying out games is stated, requirements to observance of stages of game occupations are noted. The special attention is paid to need of communication of the scenario of game with the content of studied scientific disciplines and with real life situations. By the author value of application of game technologies for development of cognitive activity of students, increase of interest to a profession, strengthening of communication of theoretical knowledge and practical skills is emphasized.
Comparison Of The Anthologies "Tazkirai Shuaro" And "Majmua Si Pairavi Feruzshohiy"
Authors:   Lecturer Of Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Dustova Surayyo Savronovna
Published: May 2021

This article provides information about Hasanmurad Laffasi's anthology “Tazkirai Shuaro” and compares it with Ahmadjon Tabibi's anthology “Majmua si shuaroi payravi Feruzshohiy”. The similarities and differences between the works of Tazkirai Shuaro and the poems of these anthologies written by poets are studied comparatively and made conclusions.
Comparative Methodological Analysis Of The ESP And EGP Approaches
Authors:   Lecturers Of Karshi Engineering Economic Institute, Uzbekistan, Nashirova Dilnoza Buriyevna , Buriyeva Nilufar Gafurovna ,   Lecturers Of Karshi Engineering Economic Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

This article presents a comparative analysis of the teaching of English for General Purposes and English for Special Purposes, to present arguments regarding approaches designed to organize and ensure high efficiency in mastering the English language for special purposes.
Uzbekistan In The New Era Of Trade Union Development (2016-2020)
Authors:   Lecturer Of Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Buronov Abdulhakim Kholliyevich
Published: May 2021

This article provides a comprehensive and comparative analysis of the activities of trade unions in Uzbekistan, in particular, the systemic measures taken by the federation in the field of social protection.
Protection Of Women’s Rights In Uzbekistan
Authors:   Assistant-Professor At The Department “The History Of Uzbekistan” Of Andizhan State University, Candidate Of Historical Sciences (PhD), Andizhan Region, Republic Of Uzbekistan, Sobirova Dilfuza Tukhtasinovna
Published: May 2021

This article is devoted protecting women’s rights and their activity in Uzbekistan by the helping scientific literatures and main sources. Also research is given more attention paid to women by our government has increased, the status of women in the society has increased, and large-scale work has been started on this issue.
Methodology Of Organization Of Independent Work Of Students In Mathematics In Primary Schools
Authors:   Lecturer Of Mathematics In Primary Education Methodology Of Fergana State University, Fergana Region, Uzbekistan, Bohodirjon Qizi Muxamadaliyeva Madinabonu
Published: May 2021

Today, the upbringing of a harmoniously developed generation is one of the most important tasks. The fulfillment of this task depends mainly on teachers. To this end, great attention should be paid to the education of young people. Separate independent study from primary school is very effective. The organization of independent work of students in mathematics in primary school is a topical issue. The purpose of organizing independent work in the process of teaching mathematics in primary school is to develop students' creative thinking skills, broaden their horizons, and foster an interest in mathematics.
Ways Of Working On Musical Compositions
Authors:   Candidate Of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department Of Music Education, Bukhara State University Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, D.Yu. Ruziev
Published: May 2021

The article describes the selection of musical compositions for performance by an ensemble of Uzbek folk instruments and the method of teaching musical compositions, taking into account the individual abilities of students. In addition, in order for students to understand musical works performed by the ensemble, it is necessary to explain their content, determine the teaching methodology, and work on musical works step by step.
Psychological Basis Of Teaching German Language
Authors:   Lecturer Department Of Foreign Languages Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Usmonhodjaeva Mohirahon Abdumalikhodjaevna
Published: May 2021

Teaching foreign languages is based on the laws established by philosophy, psychology, physiology, linguistics, pedagogy and is associated with many specific difficulties. In the psychological and pedagogical literature, the difficulties associated with the emergence and functioning of thinking mechanisms in the first and second languages, as well as the role of mechanical memory and age characteristics in the assimilation of foreign languages, are highlighted.
Analysis Of The Poem "Autumn Dreams" By Abdulla Oripov
Authors:   Doctor Of Philological Sciences, Fergana State University, Uzbekistan, Gafurovich Sabirdinov Akbarali
Published: May 2021

The article highlights the poet's skill of using words through the analysis of Abdulla Oripov's poem "Autumn dreams". The poet's skill in breaking deep philosophical thought into lines is studied using visual expressions and tools, poetic arts.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN TINGKAT KEPUASAN PELANGGAN LISTRIK PRABAYAR DAN LISTRIK PASCA BAYAR DI KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Erlinda Erlinda , Sulfitra Sulfitra , Jasrilyanda Jasrilyanda
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis apakah terdapat perbedaan tingkat kepuasan antara pelanggan listrik pra bayar dengan pascabayar di Kota Banda Aceh. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan wawancara dari 98 responden yang terdiri dari 48 orang pelanggan listrik pasca bayar dan 48 pelanggan listrik pra bayar yang berada di kota Banda Aceh. Dengan menggunakan metode uji beda, diperoleh hasil bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan tingkat kepuasan pelanggan listri pra bayar dengan pelanggan listrik pasca bayar. Akan tetapi dari statistik deskrrata, rata-rata jawaban terhadap indikator kepuasan yang diukur dari layanan yang diberikan PT. PLN (Persero) cabnag Banda Aceh menunjukkan hasil bahwa kepuasan pelanggan listrik pra bayar (3,696) lebih tinggi dari pelanggan listrik pasca bayar (3,562) dalam satuan skala Likert lima jenjang.
PENGARUH TATA RUANG KANTOR, KELENGKAPAN FASILITAS KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS KESEHATAN HEWAN DAN PETERNAKAN ACEH
Authors: Kalista Linda , Murad Suryani , Safitri Husnaini Mailisa
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tata ruang kantor,  kelengkapan fasilitas kerja dan motivasi kerja baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Kesehatan Hewan dan Peternakan Aceh. Populasi penelitian seluruh pegawai yang berjumlah sebanyak 142 pegawai. Jumlah sampel penelitian ditetapkan sebanyak 59 pegawai. Penarikan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan formulasi sampel minimal dengan menggunakan metode Slovin. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan tata ruang kantor   berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Kelengkapan fasilitas kerja  pegawai berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Motivasi kerja berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Peran tata Ruang kantor, kelengkapan fasilitas kerja dan  motivasi kerja dalam mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Kesehatan Hewan dan Peternakan Aceh masih kurang dominan sehingga masih banyak variabel lainnya yang ikut mempengaruhi Kinerja pegawai pada instansi ini.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN, KEMAMPUAN KERJA DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA SMP NEGERI 3 BANDA ACEH
Authors: Irawan Rahmat , Ariyanto Agus
Published: May 2021

Tujuan  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah  untuk mengetahui  pengaruh antara Pendidikan, Kemampuan Kerja dan Kompensasi terhadap kinerja pegawai pada SMP Negeri 3 Banda Aceh. Permasalahan  dalam  penelitian  ini adalah pengaruh Pendidikan, Kemampuan Kerja dan Kompensasi terhadap kinerja pegawai pada SMP Negeri 3 Banda Aceh. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 61 pegawai. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui kuisioner, observasi dan wawancara. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda, uji F (serempak) dan uji t (parsial) dimaksud untuk mengetahui secara serempak dan secara parsial pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α = 0,05). Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji serempak menunjukan bahwa antara variabel Pendidikan, Kemampuan Kerja dan Kompensasi berpengaruh sangat nyata (high significant) terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada SMP Negeri 3 Banda Aeh. Sedangkan secara parsial variabel Pendidikan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada SMP Negeri 3 Banda Aceh sedangkan variabel Kemampuan Kerja dan Kompensasi tidak mempengaruhi Kinerja Pegawai pada SMP Negeri 3 Banda Aceh. Variabel yang paling dominan berpengaruh yaitu Pendidikan dengan nilai koefisien regresi sebesar 53,2%. Hal ini, yang dilakukan oleh pegawai dalam meningkatkan kinerjanya sudah sesuai dengan perencanaanya masing-masing seperti seperti Motivasi Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja, Gaya Kepemimpinan, Pelatihan Kerja serta latar belakang pegawai untuk meningkatkn Kinerja. Artinya dari hasil penelitian ini bahwa guru di SMP Negeri 3 Banda Aceh berkualitas dalam mengajar, kemudian kuantitas dalam pengajaran di SMP Negeri 3 Banda Aceh selalu memadai kemudian setiap guru mempunyai kehandalan dalam memberikan pengajaran sudah sangat baik serta para guru yang mengajar di SMP Negeri 3 Banda Aceh sudah memiliki pengalaman dalam bekerja.
Pobreza e incidencia de Covid19 en Huánuco Perú 2020
Authors: Ubillus Milward , Trujillo-Alvarez Janet , Ruiz-Aquino Mely , Ubillús-Trujillo Jose , Palacios Zevallos Irma , Beraún Barrantes Jose
Published: May 2021

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Revisión sistemática sobre síndrome de burnout en personal de salud en América Latina entre 2015-2020
Authors: Tapullima-Mori Calixto , Munguía Girón Eveling , Reyes Cántaro Elián , Sanchez Gonzales Erick
Published: May 2021

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Stratégies des ONG internationales dans le maintien des élèves à l’école au Bénin: Cas de Bornefonden dans la commune de Bassila de 1996 à 2016
Authors:   Université d’Abomey-Calavi, AWO Dieudonné A.
Published: May 2021

L’accélération de la mondialisation et les nouvelles victoires de la science de la fin du XXème siècle ont davantage rapproché les peuples les uns des autres et confronté les différents pays du monde, surtout ceux en développement, à de nouveaux défis politiques, économiques et culturels qu’on ne peut appréhender que grâce à l’acquisition de nouveaux savoirs. Cette bataille pour la science, oblige ces Etats retardataires à accorder une importance singulière à l’éducation par l’organisation, le contrôle et la gestion rigoureuse et efficiente de l’école formelle qui reste le cadre idéal d’instruction et de formation capable de tirer les apprenants de leur nuit sépulcrale et de les conduire vers l’acquisition des connaissances qu’impose le monde en perpétuelles mutations. La République du Bénin a bien compris cet impératif en décrétant l’éduction pour tous dans sa constitution du 11 décembre 1990. Mieux, des écoles maternelles, primaires et secondaires sont créées un peu partout sur le territoire national. Mais, les apports publics en infrastructures, en matériels didactiques et en personnels enseignants qualifiés ne suivent malheureusement pas pour permettre aux apprenants de se maintenir à l’école et d’y recevoir la formation requise pour une vie intellectuelle épanouie et productive. Cette situation pénalise notamment les élèves des familles pauvres des zones rurales où ils sont astreints à des recrutements biennaux dans les écoles primaires et aux classes volantes dans les Collèges d’Enseignements Généraux. Cette incapacité de la puissance publique à résoudre les problèmes de l’école béninoise pousse des ONG internationales à caractère humanitaire et à but non lucratif à intervenir pour compléter ou suppléer les efforts de l’Etat dans certains milieux déshérités. Quelles sont les stratégies développées par l’ONG Bornefonden pour maintenir les élèves dans les établissements d’enseignements secondaires de la commune de Bassila de 1996 à 2016 ? Les sources et les ressources bibliographiques consultées pour répondre à cette interrogation offrent une moisson complétée par les informations issues des entretiens semi-directifs réalisés et soumises aux techniques d’analyse quantitative et qualitative. Les résultats obtenus permettent de dire qu’en vingt ans d’activités, Bornefonden a réussi à maintenir 3 651 élèves dans les cours secondaires dans la commune. Quoique minimes, les apports matériels et financiers de l’ONG ont été déterminants dans le fonctionnement des établissements ayant accueilli ces apprenants parrainés. Grâce aux activités génératrices de revenus, les ménages enrôlés ont retrouvé l’équilibre financier requis pour se prendre en charge à la fin du séjour du programme.
Suivi parental et performance scolaire dans l’enseignement fondamental au Mali: Le cas de la commune VI du District de Bamako
Authors:   Université des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines de Bamako, BAMBA Amadou
Published: May 2021

L’objectif de cette recherche est de montrer l’effet des variables de suivi des parents sur la performance scolaire des élèves dans l’enseignement fondamental au Mali. Pour ce faire 383 parents ont été interrogés en Commune VI du district de Bamako sur le suivi et les résultats scolaires de leurs enfants dans les deux fins de cycle de l’enseignement fondamental (premier cycle et second cycle). A l’aide de statistiques descriptives et d’un test de fonction de production éducative, les principaux résultats montrent que le contrôle fréquent des cahiers des élèves par les parents, l’encadrement de l’enfant par les parents eux-mêmes et le suivi de l’enfant avec l’administration scolaire augmentent la performance scolaire des élèves du fondamental premier et second cycle.
La Contribution de l’éducation à la performance de la croissance et du développement économique durable: Apport théorique et spécificité du cas marocain
Authors:   Université Hassan II Casablanca, LOUARDY Hanane , MOUSSAMIR Abdelhak
Published: May 2021

L’objectif du papier est de revoir la contribution de l’éducation dans le processus d’une croissance économique durable et performante. Sur le plan méthodologique, une exploration théorique sera avancée en premier lieu pour évaluer l’importance de l’éducation dans le développement des économies et en deuxième lieu, les spécificités du système d’éducation marocain vont être relativement analysées pour en dédier les forces et les faiblesses. En dépit des avancements notables, le système d’éducation marocain souffre encore aujourd’hui du manque de la qualité et des performances supposées acquises dans le processus de scolarisation et d’éducation malgré sa contribution à l’amélioration de la performance économique confirmée dans la phase théorique.
Expanded Capability of the Breakthrough Listen Parkes Data Recorder for Observations with the UWL Receiver
Authors: Price Danny C. , MacMahon David H. E. , Lebofsky Matt , Isaacson Howard , Sheikh Sofia , Czech Daniel , Gajjar Vishal , Siemion Andrew , Drew Jamie , Worden S. Pete , Green James A. , Craig Daniel , Amy Shaun
Published: May 2021

The ultra-wideband low (UWL) receiver is a new feed for the Parkes telescope, which covers the combined bandwidth of four previously installed receivers. In order to use the UWL for technosignature observations, several updates and upgrades were made on the Breakthrough Listen Parkes Data Recorder (BLPDR). This Research Note summarizes BLPDR hardware upgrades and new capacity for technosignature observations with the UWL receiver.
A Data-driven Approach to X-Ray Spectral Fitting: Quasi-deconvolution
Authors: Rhea Carter , Hlavacek-Larrondo Julie , Kraft Ralph , Bogdan Akos , Geelen Rudy
Published: May 2021

X-ray spectral fitting of astronomical sources requires convolving the intrinsic spectrum or model with the instrumental response. Standard forward modeling techniques have proven success in recovering the underlying physical parameters in moderate to high signal-to-noise regimes; however, they struggle to achieve the same level of accuracy in low signal-to-noise regimes. Additionally, the use of machine learning techniques on X-ray spectra requires access to the intrinsic spectrum. Therefore, the measured spectrum must be effectively deconvolved from the instrumental response. In this note, we explore numerical methods for inverting the matrix equation describing X-ray spectral convolution. We demonstrate that traditional methods are insufficient to recover the intrinsic X-ray spectrum and argue that a novel approach is required.
Canadian Rheumatologists’ Perspectives on Moderate Psoriatic Arthritis and Oligoarticular Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Gladman Dafna D. , Starr Michael , Cividino Alfred , Gaudreau Anne-Julie , Jelley Jennifer , Nicholson Denise , Karsh Jacob
Published: May 2021

Objective

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) substantially impairs quality of life. Clinical trials generally focus on polyarticular PsA, but less is known about the assessment and management of oligoarticular and moderate PsA. An online survey was conducted to determine Canadian rheumatologists’ perspectives on the definition and treatment of oligoarticular and moderate PsA.

Methods

Regional and national experts treating patients with PsA were asked to complete an online survey to assess their approach to identifying and managing patients with PsA. Survey questions were developed based on guidance from a committee of Canadian rheumatologists.

Results

Sixty-four of 78 rheumatologists responded, representing 6 major Canadian provinces. Nearly half of respondents were in practice > 20 years. The majority of rheumatologists reported using swollen joint count (SJC) to describe moderate PsA (86.4%) and oligoarticular PsA (96.7%), and considered location of inflammation in PsA assessments. SJC cutoff scores for reporting moderate PsA varied among rheumatologists, suggesting lack of an agreed-upon definition for moderate PsA. Sixty-eight percent of rheumatologists identified access to treatment as the greatest challenge with oligoarticular PsA.

Conclusion

According to the surveyed rheumatologists, SJC remains a key assessment variable when defining oligoarticular and moderate PsA. Although the number of joints is considered when determining the effect of PsA on patients, joint location and functional impairment are also considered when describing the disease as moderate. Access to treatment for patients with < 5 affected joints is challenging.
Canadian Rheumatology Association Recommendation for the Use of COVID-19 Vaccination for Patients With Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Hazlewood Glen S. , Pardo Jordi Pardo , Barnabe Cheryl , Schieir Orit , Barber Claire E.H. , Bernatsky Sasha , Colmegna Ines , Hitchon Carol , Loeb Mark , Mertz Dominik , Proulx Laurie , Richards Dawn P. , Scuccimarri Rosie , Tugwell Peter , Schünemann Holger J. , Mirza Reza D. , Zhou Alan L. , Nikolic Roko P.A. , Thomas Megan , Chase Helena , Ejaredar Maede , Nieuwlaat Robby
Published: May 2021

Objective

To develop guidance on the use of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD).

Methods

The Canadian Rheumatology Association (CRA) formed a multidisciplinary panel including rheumatologists, researchers, methodologists, vaccine experts, and patients. The panel used the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach. Outcomes were prioritized according to their importance for patients and clinicians. Evidence from the COVID-19 clinical trials was summarized. Indirect evidence for non–COVID-19 vaccines in ARD was also considered. The GRADE evidence-to-decision (EtD) framework was used to develop a recommendation for the use of the 4 COVID-19 vaccines approved in Canada as of March 25, 2021 (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1, and Ad26.COV2.S), over 4 virtual panel meetings.

Results

The CRA guideline panel suggests using COVID-19 vaccination in persons with ARD. The panel unanimously agreed that for the majority of patients, the potential health benefits of vaccination outweigh the potential harms in people with ARDs. The recommendation was graded as conditional because of low or very low certainty of the evidence on the effects in the population of interest, primarily due to indirectness and imprecise effect estimates. The panel felt strongly that persons with autoimmune rheumatic diseases who meet local eligibility should not be required to take additional steps compared to people without ARDs to obtain their vaccination. Guidance on medications, implementation, monitoring of vaccine uptake, and research priorities are also provided.

Conclusion

This recommendation will be updated over time as new evidence emerges, with the latest recommendation, evidence summaries, and EtD available on the CRA website.
Einblicke in den Alltag des 14. Jahrhunderts. Die Fabeln des Ulrich Bonerius: Der Edelstein
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: May 2021

Objets d’attention pour la philologie allemande à ses débuts – à la fin du xviii e  siècle –, les fables du Dominicain suisse Ulrich Bonerius sont quasiment retombées dans l’oubli. Or elles comptent parmi les chefs-d’œuvre que nous a légués le xiv e  siècle et, en plus d’offrir un divertissement littéraire, elles représentent aujourd’hui pour nous d’importantes sources pour les recherches interdisciplinaires sur le discours du Moyen-Âge tardif en termes de politique, d’éthique, de morale, d’histoire des mentalités et d’histoire des émotions. L’article s’efforce d’analyser les fables de Bonerius du point de vue de l’histoire du quotidien et plus précisément d’identifier dans leur « Sitz im Leben » l’une des raisons du grand succès qu’elles rencontrèrent jusqu’au début du xvi e  siècle.
Protéger la liberté
Authors: Abel Olivier
Published: May 2021

La liberté suppose la possibilité de se retirer de l’espace public, de ne pas voir son intimité dévoilée, et la démocratie suppose ce voile d’ignorance derrière lequel chacun garde en réserve ce que personne (et pas même lui-même) ne sait de lui. Ces discrétions dans l’universelle communication, nous chercherons à les comprendre jusque dans les anciennes leçons du langage des anges.
Dans le secret du pacha
Authors: de Jaurias Cyril
Published: May 2021

Passer soixante-dix jours sous l’eau en complète autonomie, disparaître totalement de la surface du globe et ne plus communiquer avec la terre, se tenir paré à lancer les missiles si le président de la République en donne l’ordre, c’est ce que vivent les cent dix marins de l’équipage d’un sous-marin nucléaire lanceur d’engins. Comment préparer, se préparer et conduire une telle mission ? C’est la responsabilité du commandant, mais c’est aussi un peu son secret.
Probiotic gut-borneSaccharomyces cerevisiae reduces liver toxicity caused by aflatoxins in weanling piglets
Authors: Poloni V. , Magnoli A. , Fochesato A. , Poloni L. , Cristofolini A. , Merkis C. , Riquelme C. Schifferli , Maldonado F. Schifferli , Montenegro M. , Cavaglieri L.R.
Published: May 2021

The present study was conducted to investigate the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) liver toxicity and gut histomorphometry after gut borne-Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation to AFB1-contaminated piglet diets. Thirty-two male mixed-breed piglets (weaned at 21 days old) were housed in individual pens and allowed to acclimate for 7 days. Animals were randomly assigned to four treatments of 22 days: T1 – low AFB1 levels diet (L, 31.6 μg/kg); T2 – L +S. cerevisiae 1 g/kg; T3 – high AFs levels diet (H, 495 μg/kg); T4 – H +S. cerevisiae 1 g/kg. The addition of probiotic yeast was able to reduce 72% of residual AFB1 present in the liver. The liver histopathology of piglets fed AFB1 showed a typical macroscopic and microscopic pattern of subclinical aflatoxicosis that was prevented by the yeast. Also, the addition of the yeast was able to decrease the alanine-aminotransferase (25.5±0.71 U) and aspartate-aminotransferase (26.5±6.10 U) even showing values lower than the control ones. The apparent absorption area showed the greater surface when the probiotic was present alone compared to the control (T1), whereas when present together with the toxin demonstrated a modulatory effect. The addition of probiotic gut-borneS. cerevisiae in the pig diets was effective in counteracting the toxic effects of harmful AFB1 in livers besides a tendency to improve the histomorphometric parameters and modulating the toxic effect of AFB1 on intestine. These results are promising for the production of feed additives that will be used in animal feed, since the probiotic action and the decontamination of mycotoxins in the same product are complemented.
Idle Costs in the Pandemic
Authors: Segura Liliane Cristina , Zatta Fernando Nascimento , Formigoni Henrique , Gonçalves Wellington
Published: May 2021

This chapter focuses on a crucial crisis issue with consequences that have affected many companies worldwide, the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Deliveries were cancelled, and many companies closed their facilities completely around the world. Taking into account the capacity and structural nature of fixed costs, activity-based cost estimation may be more appropriate than traditional cost estimation to create the capacity to manage production cost structures to eliminate possibilities for idle costs, as these are a function of using the capacity offered to the installation. This chapter theoretically presents the relationship between the main costs of idleness, crisis, and profitability as a measure of the company's value. This is important, as the company's value can be delayed by the occurrence of a crisis, and the health pandemic has created a field emerging from research with advances in strategic cost management.
Do the Stock Market Indices Follow a Random Walk?
Authors: Vasco Cristina , Pardal Pedro , Dias Rui Teixeira
Published: May 2021

This chapter aims to test the hypothesis of an efficient market, in its weak form, in the stock markets of Brazil, China, South Korea, USA, Spain, Italy, in the period from December 2, 2020 to May 12, 2020. The results show that the market efficiency hypothesis is rejected in all markets. In corroboration the DFA exponents show long memories, which put in question the market efficiency, in its weak form, suggesting that the stock markets analyzed show some predictability. In conclusion, investors should avoid investing in stock markets, at least while this pandemic lasts, and invest in less risky markets in order to mitigate risk and improve the efficiency of their portfolios.
The Relationship Between Gold and Stock Markets During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dias Rui Teixeira , Carvalho Luísa
Published: May 2021

This chapter aims to analyze portfolio diversification in the US, Europe, UK, Hong Kong, China, Japan, and the gold market (XAU) from January 2019 to July 2020. The results indicate that the markets have very significant causalities, which may call into question efficient portfolio diversification strategies. The DFA exponent coefficients suggest that the random walk hypothesis is rejected in certain markets, which has implications for investors, since some returns can be expected, creating opportunities for arbitrage and abnormal profits. These findings also open space for market regulators to take action to ensure better information among international financial markets. In conclusion, the authors believe investors should diversify their portfolios and invest in less risky markets in order to mitigate risk and improve portfolio efficiency.
Cloud-Based Smart City Using Internet of Things
Authors: Malik Indu , Tarar Sandhya
Published: May 2021

The cloud-based smart city is a way to provide resources and data on demand. Two technologies used to build cloud-based smart city, IoT, and cloud computing are explored. Using smart sensors can capture the movement of the environment, humans, and city infrastructure like building maintenance, traffic control, transportation, pollution monitoring. This is possible through IoT. Future movement could be predicted based on present and past data. Cloud computing is used for cloud storage. Using cloud, users can access resources in virtual mode at any time or anywhere. It can be accessed at different locations at the same time through high speed internet. Cloud is managed by a third party. Users don't have any knowledge regarding resource location and data, such as where user data is stored. Users use cloud service in virtual mode. Basically, cloud is a service provider platform that provides resources and data storage facility in a virtual way; users don't need to purchase resources.
Connecting “Third Space” Pedagogy With Employability in Arabic Language Classes Through Virtual Exchange
Authors: Fadl Lamees , Hassan Dina
Published: May 2021

In this chapter, the authors explain the integration of linguistic and cultural knowledge in two online beginner Arabic classrooms on a collaborative project between LaGuardia Community College and The University of Oklahoma. Students engage in a series of blended virtual and communal activities that result in new opportunities for learning, where the learning space is multi-voiced. The chapter highlights include an explanation of the project learning objectives, the project design, employability competencies learned, and synopses of students' interviews with members of the Arab communities as well as their reflections on the learning experience. The curriculum and pedagogy adopted for this virtual exchange project are grounded in the historical and current particulars of students' everyday lives and that of Arab communities living in the United States. This project aims at creating a third communal space where activities are discussed in meaningful ways, while unlearning stereotypes and shunning away prejudices, a goal informed by the belief that learning is a social process.
Leading Digital Change and the Management of Hybridity in Social Work Organizations
Authors: Arnold Maik
Published: May 2021

Constant organizational changes and simultaneous confrontation with different ‘rationalities' of their stakeholders have become a new 'normality' in social work management organizations. This chapter addresses the design, implementation, and sustainable development of an innovative transformation framework of leading digital change consisting of four interrelated phases: (1) identification of the demand for change, (2) development of a digital change strategy, (3) implementation of digital transformation, and (4) monitoring and optimization. This framework can be applied at the level of individual change agents, change programs and initiatives, and to the organization itself. Future research needs to discuss benefits and drawbacks to related challenges in its implementation that require organizational learning, the replacement of old management practices, the development of new digital literacy skills and leadership competencies, and the facilitation of personnel development to mobilize the staff to enact changes in their behavior, values, and attitudes in volatile environments and uncertain times.
The Role of Municipalities in the Management of Social Work Practices in Turkey
Authors: Kalaycı Sami
Published: May 2021

Almost all countries in the world intervene in social problems depending on their own social structure and management systems. They also aim to offer rapid and effective social work policies and practices for women, children, elders, young, and disabled people. To do so, governments need to execute social work practices through local managements along with central management. The 1980s were a beginning of a new period for the management of public services. Specifically, localization and globalization directly affected the view that not only central management, but also local managements need to be strengthened. In 1984, Turkey enforced metropolitan municipalities law and formed another stage of management in mega cities. During the 1990s, social work practices implemented in mage cities like Istanbul, Ankara, and Konya were like a sample study for many other municipalities within the country. Thus, soon after the juridical reforms beginning in the early 2000s, municipalities took over remarkable responsibilities in local social work practices.
Using Psychodrama in the Field of Social Work
Authors: Kol Emre , Topgül Seda
Published: May 2021

Psychodrama is a systematic re-living conducted through utilizing spontaneous theater. This research aims to reveal the use of psychodrama in social work. Within the scope of the study, the research was carried out using the literature review method based on the following question framework: How and in which areas psychodrama is used in social work? As a result of the study, it has been found that psychodrama has an improving role in professional practice skills of the social workers along with the restorative and educative role for themselves. On the other hand, as for welfare recipients, it helps them to become self-sufficient. In this sense, it has been concluded that while psychodrama plays a therapeutic role for the individuals in need of social service, it will be effective for the social workers to overcome the potential difficulties and burnouts they may face in their inner worlds.
Skin Cancer Classification Through Quantized Color Features and Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Maiti Ananjan , Chatterjee Biswajoy , Santosh K. C.
Published: May 2021

Early interpretation of skin cancer through computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tools reduced the intricacy of the treatments as it can attain a 95% recovery rate. To frame up with computer-aided diagnosis system, scientists adopted various artificial intelligence (AI) designed to receive the best classifiers among these diverse features. This investigation covers traditional color-based texture, shape, and statistical features of melanoma skin lesion and contrasted with suggested methods and approaches. The quantized color feature set of 4992 traits were pre-processed before training the model. The experimental images have combined images of naevus (1500), melanoma (1000), and basal cell carcinoma (500). The proposed methods handled issues like class imbalanced with generative adversarial networks (GAN). The recommended color quantization method with synthetic data generation increased the accuracy of the popular machine learning models as it gives an accuracy of 97.08% in random forest. The proposed model preserves a decent accuracy with KNN, adaboost, and gradient boosting.
Investigating the Competencies Required for Sustainable Entrepreneurship Development in Agricultural Higher Education
Authors: Moradi Ehsan
Published: May 2021

The need for entrepreneurial sustainability is as important as the entrepreneurship category itself. By transferring competencies in a sustainable entrepreneurship framework, entrepreneurship education can make a significant contribution to the effectiveness of businesses, especially for start-up entrepreneurs. This study analyzes the essential competencies of students in the development of sustainable entrepreneurship. The main purpose of this research project is to study and explain the dimensions of sustainability entrepreneurship competencies among agricultural students. The results showed that seven key dimensions play a role in shaping sustainable entrepreneurial development competencies: systems thinking competence (STC), embracing diversity and interdisciplinary (EDI), foresighted thinking (FTC), normative competence (NC), action competence (AC), interpersonal competence (IC), and strategic management competence (SMC). While increasing, it was also found that STC plays an important role in explaining the relationship between sustainability and entrepreneurship.
Chrysalis NGOs and Their Evolution Into Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Shah Mansi
Published: May 2021

The humanitarian crises from the archives have seen a multitude of economic agents striving to balance the incongruity across the globe and bring them in harmony with the developmental goals of the society. The Indian government has identified the role of society and social organisations in addressing the problems of the deprived segment to attain the neglected positive externalities. The crowding of non-governmental organisations over the years has led several researches in studying the prospects and effectiveness of the same. NGO is an umbrella term for all voluntary and charity ventures – relying on donations, subscriptions, and various activities for raising funds. The augmented scope of sustainability and unsatisfactory equilibrium existing in the society underpins their need to evolve. The paper reviews the research on the NGOs and their volunteers acknowledging the potential of NGOs in metamorphosing into different structures, concurrently enlarging the scope of its sustainability and the effectiveness of the value created.
Congenital Brucellosis Presented with Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy and Persistent Multidrug-Resistant Meningitis
Authors: Lakum Manish V. , Vaghela Prakash C. , Gabani Chirag A. , Mangukiya Hiral D.
Published: May 2021

Congenital brucellosis is uncommon in neonates, and transplacental transmission is the most common etiology in such case. We reported such case with meningitis and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy successfully treated with oral rifampicin, trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole, and injection ceftriaxone and gentamicin. This case illustrates that neonatal brucellosis behaves as a persistent multidrug-resistant sepsis.
Late-Onset Hyporegenerative Anemia in an Infant with Rhesus Isoimmunization
Authors: Velumani Saranyaa R. , Srinivasan Ramesh , Kumar Prasanna N.
Published: May 2021

Late-onset anemia is a complication of hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn. It includes late hemolytic anemia and late hyporegenerative anemia. This case report is to discuss an Rh isoimmunized infant who presented with late-onset hyporegenerative anemia. The infant had low reticulocyte count, negative direct antiglobulin test, high erythropoietin, and high ferritin levels. She was treated with repeated blood transfusions and improved after 4 months of age. The follow-up of infants with Rh isoimmune hemolytic disease is needed for identification of late-onset anemia.
Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction in Ectopic Kidneys with Extrarenal Calyces
Authors: Kanojia Ravi Prakash , Janssen Karmon , Kirsch Andrew
Published: May 2021

Extrarenal calyces (ERC) is a rare renal anomaly where calyces lie outside the renal parenchyma and are connected to pelvis by draining infundibulum. Its presentation with pelviureteric junction obstruction presents a confusing intraoperative finding. We report two cases of ERC with pelviureteric junction obstruction in the ectopic kidney. Emphasis is laid on the defining the anatomy so that reader can identify the condition if he comes across similar situation. The two patients were managed by minimal access approach. Management of these cases and review of pediatric cases reported in literature are discussed.
Endoscopic Appendectomy for Inverted Appendix
Authors: Zameer M. M. , Rao Sanjay , Gopalakrishnan Gayathri , D'cruz Ashley
Published: May 2021

Inverted appendix is a very rare anomaly and presents a diagnostic challenge. We report a case of inverted appendix in a 10-year-old boy and its management.
VACTERL Associated with a Rare Limb Anomaly Combined with Edward (Trisomy 18) Syndrome
Authors: Hasan Zaheer , Thakur Vinit Kumar , Chaubey Digamber , Rahul Sandip Kumar , Kumar Sujit
Published: May 2021

VACTERL association is a heterogeneous condition that includes at least three out of six core structural defects which occur together more commonly than would be expected by chance alone. We report a rare association of VACTERL with unilateral proximal focal femoral deficiency and trisomy 18 syndrome.
Mucosal Schwann Cell Hamartoma of the Gall Bladder
Authors: Sharma Kanika , Dhua Anjan Kumar , Goel Prabudh , Jain Vishesh , Yadav Devendra Kumar , Ramteke Prashant
Published: May 2021

Mucosal Schwann cell hamartoma (M-SCH) of the intestinal mucosa is a rare entity and incidental finding in histological examination. Histological characteristics are Schwannonian cell proliferation in lamina propria with S100-positivity. M-SCH-like lesion in the gall bladder is even rarer and is a recently reported entity. We report this extremely rare lesion in a cholecystectomy specimen of a 4-year-old boy, which makes it the youngest patient to be having M-SCH-like lesion in the gall bladder.