bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early Detection and Endovascular Intervention to Correct Dialysis Vascular Access Malfunction
Authors: Ponce Pedro , Mateus Ana
Published: June 2020

Endovascular intervention in hemodialysis vascular access is among the most frequent interventions performed in an angiography suite. Vascular stenosis is the most prevalent lesion causing vascular access malfunction. Vascular access pathology and the outcomes in response to endovascular treatment are quite different from the arterial territory. Treatment strategy must be integrated, multidisciplinary, and with a long-term perspective, as recurrence rates of malfunction are quite common. We will detail our experience managing an extremely busy vascular access center serving a population of 4000 dialysis patients, performing all endovascular techniques in close coordination with the surgical team.
À CHEVAL SUR LA FRONTIÈRE ENTRE DEUX ÉTATS
Authors: Proulx Isabelle
Published: June 2020

Faites de beaux rêves de Jacques Poulin raconte les aventures de Limoilou,
d’Amadou et de son frère Théo lors d’une joyeuse escapade au Mont-Tremblant où ils assistent
au Grand Prix du Canada de Formule 1. Entre les courses des « dix mille chevaux lâchés d’un
coup » sur la piste, ce trio de gais lurons passera son temps « à inventer toutes sortes
d’histoires ». La mise en récit du réel et de l’imaginaire sera pour eux l’occasion d’une
véritable « métamorphose ludique de l’ego » (Ricoeur). Incarnant une sorte de Don Quichotte
québécois aux allures de mousquetaire chevaleresque et de cowboy téméraire, Théo s’avèrera
être à la fois un modèle et un guide pour Amadou, « commis aux écritures » en quête de son
identité. Cette étrange petite fable poulinienne est en quelque sorte une invitation amicale
à se laisser prendre au jeu de la littérature, autrement dit, à apprendre à rêver le monde
autrement.
MÉTIS IMAGINAIRES, PENSÉES MÉTISSES ET IMAGINAIRE MÉTISSÉ CHEZ JACQUES POULIN
Authors: Sing Pamela V.
Published: June 2020

Aujourd’hui, il serait problématique d’imaginer que le « grand roman de l’Amérique » puisse ne pas inclure des personnages et des thèmes autochtones. Cependant, la représentation d’Autochtones par des auteurs allochtones s’avère une entreprise tout aussi problématique. Comment s’y prendre en évitant les images fausses, réductrices, soit d’une manière respectueuse et bien informée ? Dans cet article, Pamela Sing propose des éléments de réponse à cette question en examinant le rôle joué par le personnage de la Métisse dans Volkswagen Blues et dans L’homme de la Saskatchewan de Jacques Poulin.
Étude des déterminants motivationnels du bienêtre scolaire
Authors: Masson Julien , Fenouillet Fabien
Published: June 2020

L’objectif de la présente recherche est de mettre à jour les liens qu’entretiennent motivation et bienêtre scolaire. Pour ce faire nous nous sommes appuyés sur trois théories de la motivation entre lesquelles s’établissent des liens conceptuels forts : le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle, les buts d’accomplissement et l’intérêt. Nous avons testé un modèle où l’effet du sentiment d’efficacité personnelle est médié par les deux buts d’approche (apprentissage et performance) et par l’intérêt scolaire. Le modèle s’ajuste correctement aux données, et l’analyse des parcours indique que le but d’approche de l’apprentissage sera seul médiateur entre le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle et l’intérêt. Conformément à nos hypothèses, le but d’approche de l’apprentissage a un effet positif sur le bienêtre, alors que l’effet du but d’approche de la performance est négatif. Nous constatons également que parmi les variables prises en considération, c’est l’intérêt scolaire qui est le plus fortement en lien direct avec le bienêtre de l’élève.
La médiation par les pairs est-elle une réponse adéquate face au harcèlement à l’école ?
Authors: Senden Morgane , Galand Benoit
Published: June 2020

Le harcèlement scolaire est un problème fréquent aux conséquences importantes. Une façon de réagir aux situations de harcèlement entre élèves est d’utiliser la médiation par les pairs. Bien qu’il existe différents arguments en faveur de cette solution, certain·e·s auteur·e·s avancent que la médiation par les pairs est peu adaptée dans le cas du harcèlement, notamment pour des raisons éthiques (liées au déséquilibre de pouvoir qui caractérise les situations de harcèlement). Dans cette étude, nous avons passé en revue les études testant l’efficacité de la médiation par les pairs pour intervenir face au harcèlement scolaire ou prévenir ce phénomène. Il en ressort qu’il n’existe pas de preuves concluantes que la médiation par les pairs est un moyen efficace de lutter contre le harcèlement. Cet article se penche également sur l’efficacité de la médiation par les pairs en général. Les résultats sont plus positifs. Toutefois, la mise en oeuvre de ces programmes peut poser des difficultés et les effets les plus importants sont majoritairement observés chez les élèves qui jouent le rôle de médiateur·rice·s, alors qu‘il s’agit généralement de celles·ceux qui en ont le moins besoin.
L’expérience du soin aux personnes
Authors: de Miribel Julien , Neuville Anne
Published: June 2020

Cet article met en perspective l’expérience d’étudiantes sages-femmes et d’infirmiers novices en psychiatrie pour examiner certaines dynamiques de construction du rapport au métier. L’enquête, au sens de Dewey, est privilégiée comme entrée analytique. À partir du discours de soignants sur des situations identifiées comme subjectivement significatives, l’analyse fait ressortir des propositions apportées dans le courant l’activité soignante. Celles-ci conduisent à mettre en lumière trois dimensions constitutives du rapport au métier, lesquelles sont ici particulièrement dégagées et discutées : le rapport à un autrui vulnérable, la place de l’incertitude dans l’activité soignante et la construction d’un sens clinique.
Penser autrement l’alternance en formation au service de l’apprentissage professionnel du sujet « travailleur et apprenant »
Authors: Azema Véronique , Fauchet Pascal , Meraï Anne , Toiron Catherine
Published: June 2020

Cet article porte sur une formation action réalisée à l’École d’infirmières puéricultrices
1
du CHU de Montpellier dont l’objectif principal est d’élaborer un curriculum de formation selon une construction par situations d’apprentissage professionnel. Penser autrement les dispositifs de formation basés sur l’alternance cours stage et s’interroger sur le sens de la professionnalisation est une opportunité à saisir dans le cadre de la réingénierie des formations en santé. Dans ce contexte, proposer une forme d’alternance dialectique – apprentissage dans et par une activité située et problématisée - est une perspective judicieuse pour la formation des infirmières puéricultrices afin de donner du sens à cette alternance au regard d’une ambition d’apprentissage professionnel.
Dialogue entre études du langage et présupposés de la démarche ergologique : la démarche de sélection d’enseignants pour l’enseignement public brésilien
Authors: Daher Maria Del Carmen
Published: June 2020

Cet article propose des réflexions sur les pratiques de recrutement des professeurs de langue étrangère sur concours publics au Brésil en enseignement de base. À cet effet, nous nous sommes placés dans une perspective énonciative (Maingueneau, 1984, 1987, 2000) et de concepts ergologiques (Schwartz, 1988, 200) à partir de situations de travail (Rocha, Daher & Ant´Anna, 2002). Les réflexions se fondent aussi sur notre travail en tant que juré examinateur pour contribuer aux discussions professionnelles du travail des linguistes, ses possibilités d´intervention sur des questions sociales, des impasses et des remises aux normes. À l’issue du texte, nous avons rédigé un post-scriptum.
Novel rapid identification of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by real-time RT-PCR using BD Max Open System in Taiwan
Authors: Perng Cherng-Lih , Jian Ming-Jr , Chang Chih-Kai , Lin Jung-Chung , Yeh Kuo-Ming , Chen Chien-Wen , Chiu Sheng-Kang , Chung Hsing-Yi , Wang Yi-Hui , Liao Shu-Jung , Li Shih-Yi , Hsieh Shan-Shan , Tsai Shih-Hung , Chang Feng-Yee , Shang Hung-Sheng
Published: June 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 has become a worldwide pandemic. By April 7, 2020, approximately 1,279,722 confirmed cases were reported worldwide including those in Asia, European Region, African Region and Region of the Americas. Rapid and accurate detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for patient care and implementing public health measures to control the spread of infection. In this study, we developed and validated a rapid total nucleic acid extraction method based on real‐time RT-PCR for reliable, high‐throughput identification of SARS-CoV-2 using the BD MAX platform. For clinical validation, 300 throat swab and 100 sputum clinical samples were examined by both the BD MAX platform and in-house real-time RT-PCR methods, which showed 100% concordant results. This BD MAX protocol is fully automated and the turnaround time from sample to results is approximately 2.5 h for 24 samples compared to 4.8 h by in-house real-time RT-PCR. Our developed BD MAX RT-PCR assay can accurately identify SARS-CoV-2 infection and shorten the turnaround time to increase the effectiveness of control and prevention measures for this emerging infectious disease.
Factors promoting the natural regeneration of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in the Lvliang Mountains of central China
Authors: Liang Wenjun , Wei Xi
Published: June 2020

Given their complexity, targeted care and management of different areas and tree species are necessary for enhancing the natural regeneration of forests. Thus, an understanding of changes in the overstory and understory is essential for ensuring successful regeneration. Promoting the natural regeneration of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations is considered challenging; indeed, regional sustainable development through natural regeneration of many stands has often been considered unattainable. Here, we studied several plots with varying extents of regeneration to identify the most important factors that affect regeneration. The plots were divided into three forest types based on the number of regenerating plants. For each type of plot, we measured various factors that might potentially affect regeneration. Representational difference analysis was used to identify the most important factors >9% contribution). Based on these factors, multiple corrections were made to construct a structural equation model of topography, stand structure, soil properties and litter to identify the most important factors driving variation in regeneration. Positive correlations were detected between regeneration with diameter at breast height (0.21) and litter thickness (0.57). Regeneration was negatively correlated with soil (−0.54) and slope (−0.48). Additionally, the number of regenerating plants and the height of regenerating plants were strongly positively correlated. However, there was no significant relationship between regeneration and litter accumulation, stand density, altitude, average tree height, total P and total N. Overall, our study showed that key factors for promoting natural regeneration include appropriate litter thickness, strong parent trees, a gentle slope and sufficient quantities of soil nutrients. Moreover, our findings provide a reference for the design of effective management and restoration plans.
Vegetable Based Multitier Cropping System: A Model for Higher Income for the Farmers in Old Alluvial Soils of West Bengal
Authors: Sultana Samima , Roy Rakesh , Das Bhabani , Mondal Adwaita , Rahman F. H.
Published: June 2020

The weather condition prevailing during the crop season always plays very crucial role in crop production. Off and on crops face aberrant weather like flood that causes total crop failure in low line or flood prone areas. Vagaries of weather spoil the source of income which aggravates the farmer’s poverty. To overcome the problem of crop failure and financial loss in flood prone areas of Gangetic plain in Malda district, vegetable based multi-tier cropping system was propagated in farmers fields on upland situation. The study was conducted with five combinations of horticulture crops at upland situation of 15 farmers fields in Narayanpur village of Malda district of West Bengal for six years from 2014-15 to 2019-20.The farmers are usually growing single climber crop in upland on bower system and most of the land down under remains unutilized. In this situation, multi- tier cropping system is a resilient practice which opens a new door to the farmers for providing more production and income from succeeding crop. The study showed that practice enhanced production, farm income and subsequently increased the benefit cost ratio up to 3.13. Bitter gourd + elephant foot yam cropping system is economically viable and profitable because it provides highest land equivalent ratio and higher Monetary Advantage Index (MAI) value.
Growth Response of Croton (Codiaeum variegatum pictum L.) to Aloe Vera Gel and Indol-Butyric Acid in Different Propagation Media
Authors: Owusu Samuel Ebo , Owusu Samuel Ebo , Kuavedzi Reuben Nutefe
Published: June 2020

Croton is a species of plant in the genus, Codiaeum, which is a member of the family, Euphorbiaceae. They have a wide range of variations in leaf shape and coloration that have fascinated breeders, landscapers, horticulturists, and gardeners and a huge number of cultivars have been ﬁxed for commercial production. Because of this crotons are in very regular demand and there is the need for fast propagation methods, with low cost and that assures the formation of vigorous, high-quality seedlings. The study, therefore, assessed the growth response of croton cuttings to different growth media and plant growth hormonesviz: Aloe vera gel and IBA. A 3x3 factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) made up of three growth media (coco peat, sawdust, and topsoil) and two levels of growth-promoting hormones (Aloe vera gel and IBA) and a control was used. The study was carried out at the Multipurpose Crop Nursery at the College of Agriculture Education, Mampong Campus. Data was collected on sprouting response, the number of leaves, and the number of roots. The results indicated that the different growth media and hormones influenced sprouting response of croton at days to 50%, 70%, and 100% sprouting significantly (p > 0.05). Croton cuttings that were grown on topsoil and treated with Aloe vera gel recorded earlier days to sprout. The number of leaves and roots was higher among croton cuttings grown on topsoil and treated with Aloe vera gel. On the other hand, croton cuttings grown on sawdust recorded the least number of leaves at 28, 42, 56, and 70 DAP.). The results were similar for the number of roots. The study concluded that croton cuttings that were grown on a combination of topsoil and Aloe vera gel resulted in the earliest shoot response and a higher number of roots and leaves followed closely by those of IBA.
Effect of Different Growing Periods on the Nutritional Composition of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Leaves
Authors: Maringa Christine Wanja , Nawata Eiji , Ogutu Fredrick Onyango , Anuro Japheth Abuor
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The nutritional composition of plant tissues is influenced by climatic conditions during their growth and development. Climate influences the growth rate, chemical composition and yield of crops. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of growing periods on the nutritional composition of six cowpea varieties; Kenyan local variety (KLV), Indonesian local variety (ILV), Malaysian local variety (MLV), Japanese local variety (JLV) and two Kenyan varieties (K80 and KenKunde).

Methodology: The seeds were grown in an experimental glasshouse under three varying growing periods in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The effect of growing condition on moisture, protein, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron and zinc content was assessed.

Results:  Moisture content varied from 67.9% to 78.0% and 81.1% to 88.8% in 2015 and 2016, respectively; while protein contents ranged from 7.3% to 14.6% and 18. 4% to 30.4% in 2015 and 2016, respectively. In 2015, there was a significant increase in moisture content, protein, K, Ca, Mg and Mn in KLV as temperature increased. This trend was different for ILV and MLV, which showed significant differences across growing periods with the June growing period showing the highest moisture, protein, K, Mg and Mn contents. In 2016, protein, Ca and Mg contents increased in response to increasing temperature across the growing periods. KLV and Kenkunde exhibited higher concentrations of most components.

Conclusion: There were significant differences among varieties and across growing periods in nutrient content implying both variety and climatic conditions affect nutritional composition.
Comparison of Rate of Change in the Consumption of Various Sources of Energy in Nepal
Authors: Dahal Arjun Kumar
Published: June 2020

The present study examines the rate of change of various sources of energy like biomass, coal, petroleum products, electricity and renewable sources of energy in Nepal by employing secondary data collected from various published resources. It also aims to measure the consistency or variability in the consumed quantity of various sources of energy during the period of 20 years, from 1998/99 to 2017/2018. Simple statistical tools and methods like ratio, percentage, mean, range, coefficient of range, standard deviation and coefficient of variation are used to describe and explore the viability of consumption. Descriptive and exploratory research designs were used in this study. The condition of energy consumption during the study period is found an increasing trend. The consumption of electricity is found more consistent or stable than other sources of energy.
Ghana’s Fisheries Policies; Evolution and Performance
Authors: Alabi–Doku Bortey Nketia , Chen Sun , Ampofo-Yeboah Akwasi , Asiedu Berchie
Published: June 2020

In 2018, Ghana’s fisheries contributed 1.1% to Gross Domestic Product and provided livelihood support to 2.4 million people. It is crucial for Ghana to build a compelling policy model and to safeguard its precious marine resources. For such an objective to be achieved researchers, the state and other stakeholders must particularly reflect on fisheries policies and outcome. Considering how weak and unstable institutions are in Ghana, this article seeks to analyse this acts and policies enacted by various governments in Ghana, concerning its transformation and execution. This research as well analysis the influence of these policies on the accessibility of marine resources in Ghana and transformed habit and livelihood of fishermen. We gathered even though certain policy guidelines were successful, the entire policy arrangement continues to be a pressing need of improvement because, the fisheries sector was undergoing a decreasing trend as a result illegal and over fishing. We further, discovered that motorization of canoes impacted positively to volume of fish captured and expansion of fishing areas. Nevertheless, the indication of decreasing in volumes of landings observed through the 1980s, alerted the government to consider the importance of exact procedures and regulations in other the safeguard and restore the marine ecosystem and it resources. We proffered a style of policy blueprint founded on stakeholder theory that act on challenges of illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing. Where all stakeholders in the sector must take part in the process of decision making.
Biochemical and Histopathological Effect of Detarium microcarpum Stem Bark Extract in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Mu’azu Abubakar Bilyamini , Baba Yusif Bello , Matinja Adamu Idris
Published: June 2020

Aim: In this study, the methanol stem bark extract of Detarium microcarpum was evaluated for sub-chronic, biochemical and histopathological studies.

Methodology: Sub-chronic toxicity studies was investigated in rats administered with 35, 70 and 140 mg/kg doses of the extract orally for 28 days using standard laboratory procedures after the acute toxicity was carried out.

Results: The median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract was calculated to be equal to (≥) 5000 mg/kg body weight in rats orally. Serological studies revealed significant (p<0.05) decrease in Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at all doses tested, while at 140 mg/kg it caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP). At doses of 70 and 140 mg/kg there was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in creatinine level. Histopathological studies on the liver showed moderate hepatocellular necrosis at doses of 35 and 70 mg/kg, while at 140 mg/kg there was intense hepatocellular necrosis,  Kupffer cells and lymphocytes hyperplasia. The Kidney showed intense necrosis of tubules and glomerular necrosis with lymphocytes hyperplasia at all doses tested.  The spleen also showed intense lymphocyte hyperplasia at all doses with sinusoidal congestion at the lowest dose of 35 mg/kg. The heart showed slight necrosis of cardiac muscle cells at all doses with blood congestion at 35 and 70mg/kg body weight.

Conclusion: The study indicates that prolong use of the extract in the management of disease conditions may be associated with some adverse effect of some vital organs.
Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Hatching and Larval Survival of Commercially Important Tropical Sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Parvez Md. Shamim , Rahman M. Aminur , Hasan Md. Jahidul , Rahman Md. Habibur , Farjana Nawshin , Molla Md. Habibur Rahman , Lee Sang-Go
Published: June 2020

The combined effects of temperature and salinity on percent hatching, normal larval rate at hatching, and survival of fasting larvae after hatching (survival activity index; SAI) of the commercial species of collector sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla were investigated in a captive laboratory condition. The study was conducted by setting different levels of temperatures (24°C to 36°C) and salinities (38‰ to 23‰). Within the range of temperature from 24 to 36°C and at 32‰ salinity, hatching and normal larval rates, and SAI values were highest at 24 and 27°C. The highest hatching and normal larval rates were found at 35 and 38‰ within the salinity range of 23-38‰; however, SAI value was the highest at 26‰. The results of the experiments in each level of temperature (24, 27 and 30°C) with each salinity (32, 35 and 38‰) indicated interactive effects of temperature and salinity, and within the experimental protocols of 24°C at 38‰ gave an optimal combination for highest hatching and survival of T. gratilla. The findings obtained from the present research would not only be immensely helpful towards the understanding of the suitable temperature-salinity interactions but also facilitate the development of captive breeding, larval raising and mass seed production of this high-valued sea urchin for commercial aquaculture.
Assessment of Standard Precautions’ Practices among Health Care Workers in a Rural Area of South-South Nigeria
Authors: Ehimen Ferguson Ayemere , Akpan Iboro Samuel , Osagiede Emmanuel Friday , Ofili A. N. , Okukpon Pierre Oziegbe , Airefetalor I. A.
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids (BBFs) is a serious public health concern and it constitute a major risk factor for transmission of infectious diseases such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus, and human immune deficiency virus. Therefore, regular adherence to standard precautions remains the best strategy advocated by World Health Organization and Centres of Disease Control for controlling occupational exposure to blood and body fluids.

Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge and practice of HCWs, as it relates to exposure to BBFs and adherence to standard precautions.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out within 8 months among primary health care workers. Information on knowledge of exposure to BBFs, standard precaution practices and post-exposure management were collected using interviewers’ administered questionnaire and observational checklist. The study was conducted among two hundred and thirteen health care workers in Ekpoma, Edo State. Data were entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS for window, version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) statistical package software.

Results: Sixty eight (41.7%) of cleaners and 29(17.8%) of nurses/community health extension workers were aware of blood borne infections associated with occupational exposure to BBFs compared to doctors, 3(1.8%) and laboratory workers, 4(2.5%). It was also found out that majority (74.2%) of the participants had poor knowledge of infection control practices.

Conclusion: The knowledge and practice of standard precautions was found to be generally poor. Hence, all health care workers should be trained on the principles of infection control and exposure prevention. Also, relevant authorities need to formulate new strategies to create a favorable working environment that will ensure HCWs adherence to standard precautions.
Assessment of Lipid and Atherogenic Profile of Scavengers at Refuse Dumpsites in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Nti Happiness I. , Brown Holy , Bartimaeus Ebirien-Agana S.
Published: June 2020

Aim: Scavengers are individuals who gather waste and recyclable materials from refuse dumpsites, and thus are exposed to varieties of deleterious substances that have the potential to modulate and affect human health. This study was designed to assess the lipid and atherogenic profile of scavengers utilising refuse dumpsites in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

 Methodology: Fifty (50) exposed (scavengers) aged 31.32±9.49 years and 50 non-exposed (control) aged 32.92 ±10.63 years (age-matched) male subjects were sampled. The blood pressure was measured and body mass index calculated from the height and weight of the subjects. Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and triglycerides levels of the subjects were determined from fasting serum samples using standard spectrophotometric methods. Atheogenic ratios were also computed using established formulae. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 and expressed as mean and standard deviations. Variations between parameters was considered significant at p<0.05.

Results: The result obtained revealed that the mean ± SD of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) while the level of high density lipoprotein showed significant difference (p < 0.05) between exposed (scavengers) and non-exposed (control) individuals. Body mass index and blood pressure did not also vary significantly (p>0.05) between the two group of subjects.

Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease risk exist among the study subjects as revealed by atherogenic profiling of the subjects indicating the need for life style changes and socio economic intervention among the subjects.
The 2020 M 5.9 Falam Earthquake the Subduction-Induced Strike-Slip Earthquake, West Myanmar
Authors: Aung Hla Hla
Published: June 2020

An earthquake with magnitude 5.9 occurred in the east of Falam on 16th April, 2020 at 11:45:23 (UTC). The epicenter is situated at latitude 22.789°N, longitude 94.025°E, 38 km ESE of Falam, at the depth of 10 km. Focal mechanism solution for this event is normal faulting (USGS). The epicentral location is in the Kabaw Valley along which Kabaw fault runs through in N-S direction. The Kabaw fault is situated in forearc region at the eastern base of N-S trending Rakhine Western Ranges under which the India oceanic plate is obliquely subducting beneath the Burma continental plate. The 2020 M 5.9 Falam earthquake occurred along two closely linked tectonic settings: north-eastward oblique subduction zone and north-south trending Kabaw fault zone system in the forearc region.The Falam earthquake ruptured the Tripura segment, one of the segments of India subduction zone, located approximately between latitude 22°-24°N according to the geographical location. This event is a rare intraplate earthquake and a subduction-induced strike-slip earthquake that ever occurred for the recent time in Myanmar. The shock was felt by cities of Gangaw, Kalemyo, Kalewa, Mandalay, Kyauk-se, Monywa. This earthquake was preceded by a loud sound and shaking lasts 1 minute. A few aftershocks of magnitude >3.5 followed the main shock in the vicinity of the epicenter. The vibration spread a wide area along Rakhine Yoma and Myanmar lowland area. The investigation of field survey from social media was found that the event reaches Modified Mercalli Intensity scale VIII based on people’s perception, indoor effects and damaged buildings. Damage is severe in some poorly built structures and upper parts of stupa and pagodas.
Relationship between Rainfall Pattern in North Central and Southern Nigeria and Some Tropical Climate Systems
Authors: Ugbeji Esmond Gesever , Okpala Kingsley Chukwudi
Published: June 2020

Monthly rainfall data from meteorological stations in Nigeria are analyzed from 1951 to 1992, to establish their relationship with some Tropical climate systems. The climate systems include Tropical South Atlantic (TSA) sea surface temperature index, North Atlantic Ocean (NAO) atmospheric index, Tropical North Atlantic (TNA) sea surface temperature index, Central India Precipitation (CIP) and and Outgoing Longwave Radiation Anomaly (OLRA)).  The rainfall pattern was given in terms of the August break (quantified in terms of the monsoon break intensity (MBI) and annual rainfall anomaly index (RAI). Partial correlation analysis was carried out to determine the effect of the tropical climate systems on the linear association between them and the stations in Nigeria. Our results show that the rainfall anomalies although sometimes intense do not have predictable patterns. The tele connection between CIP and total rainfall in Nigeria suggests that the rainfall patterns in Nigeria is likely to be modulated by the Tropical Easterly Jet (TEJ) connecting rainfall pattern in Central India to that in Nigeria. The August break is observed to be highly variable and does not show a clear discernable pattern of variability. Its variability may be connected with multiple forcings from ocean and mesoscale circulations.
Soil and Nutrient Loss from Hill as Affected by Different Cropping and Mulch Practices in Hilly Area of Bangladesh
Authors: Zonayet Md. , Karim A. J. M. Sirajul
Published: June 2020

Soil and nutrient loss is a multifactor threat to crop production and the environment in hilly area of Bangladesh. Most studies on soil erosion characterization have not focused on soil and nutrient loss associated with erosion which were affected by different cropping and mulch practices. The demand for food is expected to significantly increase with continued population growth over the next 50 years, indicating that agricultural efficiency should be simultaneously stabilized and enhanced. The experiments was conducted in the hill district of Bangladesh (CHTs) i.e Bandarban, under the AEZ 29 (Northern and Eastern Hills Tract) during March 2016 to November 2017 to study the soil and nutrient loss from hill as affected by different cropping and mulch practices. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments for the experiment were: T1 Mulch (20 t/ha with rice straw) and T2No mulch in maize and turmeric field. Turmeric and maize cultivation showed economically better under mulch condition in hilly region. More nutrient depletion took place in no mulch condition under the cultivation of turmeric and maize crops. Due to non-mulching, the productivity loss in maize and turmeric was 1.37 and 2.56 t/ha, respectively. Turmeric showed higher benefit-cost ratio (BCR) in mulch practice (2.64) than in non-mulch (1.63) cropping.
Priming with Methylene Blue Enhances the Antioxidant Properties and Germination Power of Cowpea, Millet and Sorghum Seeds
Authors: Ampofo-Asiama Jerry , Amoako-Andoh Francis , Quaye Bright
Published: June 2020

Seed priming is the preparation of plants to overcome stress with the aim of improving the efficiency and rate of germination. The effect of priming cowpea, millet and sorghum seeds with methylene blue (MB) on germination power (GP) was investigated in this work. The seeds were primed by steeping for 6 h in different concentrations of MB solution, germinated over 48 h on wet cotton and the GP determined. Further, soluble protein and total phenolic contents, and the antioxidant properties [scavenging ability for hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and iron chelation ability] of the seeds steeped in MB that gave the highest GP were determined. The highest GP was observed for cowpea and sorghum seeds steeped in 80 µM MB solution and 60 µM MB solution for millet seeds. At these MB concentrations, a faster rate of germination coupled with an increase in soluble protein and total phenolic content was observed. The increase in germination rate was also characterized by enhanced antioxidant properties of the seeds. The results of this study show that priming with MB can be used to improve the germination of these seeds.
The Effects of Biofertilizers, Organic and Inorganic Nutrient Sources on Growth Parameters and Yield of Piper betle L. (Betlevine) under Gangetic Alluvial Soil of West Bengal
Authors: Dutta Babli , Bandyopadhyay A. K. , Sultana Samima , Mondal Adwaita , Rudra B. C. , Das Ganesh
Published: June 2020

An experiment was carried out during  two consecutive years of 2012-13 and 2013-14 at the experimental site of AICRP on MAP and Betelvine, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) replicated thrice with 9 treatments comprising of different combinations of organics (Azotobacter, Phosphobacter and mustard oil cake) and inorganic (urea and SSP) sources of nutrients. The maximum vine elongation, basal girth, leaf size, leaf yield and other yield attributing characters were found significantly better under application of Azotobacter  @ 10 Kg + 140 kg N (MOC) + Phosphobacter @ 5 Kg + 50 Kg P +100 Kg K ha-1year-1. However, the treatment was statistically at par with Azotobacter @ 5 Kg + 170 Kg N (MOC) + Phosphobacter @ 5 Kg + 50 Kg P + 100 Kg K ha-1year-1 in respect of dry matter production. Hence, the treatment with Azotobacter  @ 10 kg + 140 kg N (MOC) + Phosphobacter @ 5 Kg + 50 Kg P +100 Kg K ha-1year-1 application can be used as a best sustainable and eco friendly integrated nutrient management approach for better yield of betelvine  under the gangetic alluvial zone of West Bengal.
Impact of Pb-Zn Mining on Heavy Metal Levels in Soil from Arufu Mine Field, Wukari, Nigeria
Authors: Yebpella G. G. , Magomya A. M. , Odoh R. , Hikon B. N. , Yakubu J.
Published: June 2020

Analysis of soil around the vicinity of Arufu mine field was conducted in order to ascertain the impact of mining on the environment. Concentrations of trace metals associated with Pb – Zn – barite mineralization were determine in soils using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) Varian AA 240, after acid digestion with a mixture of 1:1 hydrofluoric acid and aqua regia. Mean concentrations (µg/g) of metals ranged from 5.72 (As) – 451.44 (Pb) in dry season and 1.32 (Cd) – 504.61 (Pb) in wet season. Index of geoaccumulation were in the following order of increasing magnitude: Cu < Zn < As < Pb < Ag for dry season and Cu < As < Zn < Cd < Pb for wet season. On the other hand, soil enrichment ratio ranged from Cu (1.06) – Ag (126.18) and Cu (1.35) – Pb (34.10) in dry and wet season respectively. Levels of metals measured were higher than their corresponding values reported for soil in the upper continental crusts. Toxic metal (Pb) has its mean concentration above maximum tolerance level while Zn and As levels were below the maximum tolerable levels. The presence of Pb above maximum tolerance level may render the soil unsuitable for agricultural practices, hence high impacts of Pb – Zn mining in the study area.
Assessment of Prevalence and Incidence of Sesame Gall Midge (Asphondylia sesami Felt) in Kafta-Humera District Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Assefa Abadi , Taferee Zerabruk Geremedhin , Golla Weres Negash
Published: June 2020

Gall midge (Asphondilia sesame Felt) is one of the most serious insect pests of sesame threatening sesame production in Tigray, Ethiopia. The aim of the present study was to assess distribution and incidence of sesame gall midge and its association with different agronomic practices. Field survey was conducted in Kafta-Humera, districts in 2019 cropping season. A total of 60 farmers’ fields were assessed for the prevalence and incidence of the insect. Results indicated that 94% of farmers’ fields were infected by sesame gall midge from the total assessed fields. Sesame gall midge incidence ranged from 33.33-100% in the assessed Kebelles. The mean incidence gall midge was 81.74%. The highest mean incidences were recorded from Bereket, Adebay, Lugdi, Rawuyan. However, the lowest was recorded from Freselam.  Mean incidence of sesame gall midge was significantly (p < 0.05) variation with the sowing date, altitude and crop rotation. The lowest mean incidences of sesame gall midge, flower abortion and galled capsule were recorded from the early sowing date, lower altitude and previous grown with sorghum. Overall results of the present study indicated that sesame gall midge is one of the major challenges to sesame production in study areas. Therefore, efforts should be put in place to manage the insect via integration of appropriate management.
Prevalence of and Severity of Depression among Parkinson Disease Patients
Authors: Ohoreorovwori Ugbomah Lucy , Chukwuemeka Stanley Princewill , Frances Adiukwu , Nosakhare Osemwegie NosakhareOsemwegie
Published: June 2020

Background: The objectives of the study were to determine prevalence and severity of depression among patients with Parkinson’s diseaseand compare with a control group that has comparable disability with PD and ascertain the correlation of depressive symptoms severity with the severity of motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Neurology clinic of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH).The presence and severity of depression in patients with PD measured using Becks Depression Inventory (BDI) and severity of PD using Unified Parkinson’s DiseaseRating Scale (UPDRS)-motor.

Results: A total of 40 PD patients and 40 patients with non-complicated hypertension werestudied. This study showed that the prevalence of depression among subjects with Parkinson’s disease was significantly higher 72.5% as compared with control group, further comparing the mean BDI for PD and Hypertension using independent t-test shows statistical significance (t=-3.306, p-value< 0.001). However, there is no significant difference between the severity of depression among PD patients and control. The study also reported difference in the pattern of depressive symptoms as the PD progresses.

Conclusions: The prevalence of depression in this study was significantly higher (72.5%) among patients with PD, with no significant difference in severity of depression. however, the pattern of depressive symptoms shows significant difference as PD progresses.We recommend the integration of mental health services into the care of Parkinson’s disease to ensure regular assessment of their mental health status and prompt treatment.
On the use of single‐isocenter VMAT plans for SBRT treatment of synchronous multiple lung lesions: Plan quality, treatment efficiency, and early clinical outcomes
Authors: Pokhrel Damodar , Sanford Lana , Larkin Shilpa , Dhanireddy Bhaswanth , Bernard Mark E. , Randall Marcus , McGarry Ronald C.
Published: June 2020

Cone‐beam computed tomography (CT)‐guided volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) treatment of synchronous multiple lung lesions with a flattening filter‐free (FFF) beam is a safe and highly effective treatment option for oligometastases lung cancer patients. Fourteen patients with metastatic non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lesions (two to five) received a single‐isocenter VMAT SBRT treatment in our clinic. Four‐dimensional (4D) CT‐based treatment plans were generated using advanced AcurosXB‐based dose calculation algorithm using heterogeneity corrections with a single isocenter placed between/among the lesions. Compared to 10X‐FFF and traditional flattened 6X (6X‐FF) beams, 6X‐FFF beam produced highly conformal radiosurgical dose distribution to each target volume, reduced dose to adjacent organs at risk (OAR), and significantly reduced the lung SBRT fraction duration to < 3.5 min/fraction for 54/50 Gy treatments in 3/5 fractions — significantly improving patient convenience and clinic workflow. Early follow‐up CT imaging (mean, 9 months) results show high local control rates (100%) with no acute lung or rib toxicity. Longer clinical follow up in a larger patient cohort is ongoing to further validate the outcomes of this treatment approach.
Lifetime Risk of Primary Shoulder Arthroplasty From 2008 to 2017: A Population‐Level Analysis Using National Registry Data
Authors: Miura Daisuke , Busija Ljoudmila , Page Richard S. , de Steiger Richard , Lorimer Michelle , Ackerman Ilana N.
Published: June 2020

Objective

To estimate the lifetime risk of primary shoulder arthroplasty in Australia and to examine changes over time.

Methods

For this retrospective population‐level analysis, de‐identified individual‐level data on all primary partial shoulder arthroplasty (PSA) and total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) procedures performed in Australia from 2008 to 2017 (n = 38,868) were obtained from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry. Population data and life tables were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Lifetime risk of primary shoulder arthroplasty was calculated for each year using a standardized formula. Separate calculations were undertaken by sex and for PSA and TSA.

Results

The lifetime risk of shoulder arthroplasty increased significantly over time. For men, this risk more than doubled from 0.78% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.73–0.84) in 2008 to 1.78% (95% CI 1.70–1.86) in 2017. Lifetime risk for women rose from 1.54% (95% CI 1.46–1.62) to 2.88% (95% CI 2.78–2.99) over the study period. This increase was predominantly driven by growth in lifetime risk of TSA. In contrast, lifetime risk of PSA decreased over time, from 0.25% (95% CI 0.22–0.28) in 2008 to 0.11% (95% CI 0.09–0.13) in 2017 for men, and from 0.55% (95% CI 0.51–0.60) to 0.11% (95% CI 0.09–0.13) for women.

Conclusion

By the end of 2017, the lifetime risk of primary shoulder arthroplasty in Australia increased to 1 in 57 for men and 1 in 35 for women. Compared to declining PSA trends, there was substantial growth in TSA use over a decade. These data improve our understanding of the rising national burden of primary shoulder arthroplasty and can assist in planning to meet future surgical demand.
Analytical Review of Reinforcement Addition Techniques during Ultrasonic Casting of Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Paul Tanaji , Zhang Cheng , Boesl Benjamin , Agarwal Arvind
Published: June 2020

A fundamental understanding of second‐phase reinforcement addition techniques during ultrasonic casting is necessary for the advancement of metal matrix composite manufacturing technology. This review evaluates the comparative efficacy of various addition techniques for incorporating reinforcements under the framework of ultrasonic processing. The evolution of these techniques over time is deciphered in light of the scientific background behind challenges, principles, and methods. Their role in the improvement of microstructure and properties of the composites, intertwined with ultrasonic treatment, is delineated. Techniques introducing greater kinetic disorder during solidification, such as “Stirring” and “Gas‐Assisted Injection” are found to be superior for reinforcement addition. More significant enhancement of microstructural and mechanical characteristics is also obtained in composites manufactured by the techniques with higher kinetics. This culminates in the identification of the limitations and perspectives on the progress of research in this scope. This analytical review of second‐phase reinforcement addition techniques operates as a tool for researchers to steer the advancement of future procedures and therefore metal matrix composite manufacturing technology.
Bio‐Derived Natural Materials Based Triboelectric Devices for Self‐Powered Ubiquitous Wearable and Implantable Intelligent Devices
Authors: Yang Hongmei , Fan Feng Ru , Xi Yi , Wu Wenzhuo
Published: June 2020

The capability of devices in future ubiquitous networked wearable and implantable electronics to efficiently scavenge and store operational power from their working environment through sustainable pathways would enable viable self‐powering schemes in societally‐pervasive applications such as advanced healthcare and robotics. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can efficiently harvest the ubiquitous mechanical energy for powering electronics and sensors. However, the majority of demonstrated TENG prototypes have been built with materials that are not biodegradable or biocompatible, which significantly hinders the application of TENGs for wearable and implantable technologies. In this review, the recent progress of the wearable and implantable triboelectric devices built with bio‐derived natural materials is summarized. The properties of these natural biopolymers are discussed in the context of self‐powered triboelectric applications. The common manufacturing methods for processing these materials into triboelectric devices are also discussed. In addition, the applications of the bio‐derived natural materials based TENGs for in vitro and in vivo applications are discussed. Finally, the outstanding challenges and potential opportunities for the development of bio‐derived natural materials based triboelectric devices targeting wearable and implantable human‐integrated applications are analyzed.
Synergistic Activation of Amides and Hydrocarbons for Direct C(sp3)–H Acylation Enabled by Metallaphotoredox Catalysis
Authors: Lee Geun Seok , Won Joonghee , Choi Seulhui , Baik Mu‐Hyun , Hong Soon Hyeok
Published: June 2020

The utilizations of omnipresent, thermodynamically stable amides and aliphatic C(sp3)−H bonds for various functionalizations are ongoing challenges in catalysis. In particular, the direct coupling between the two functional groups has not been realized. Here, we report the synergistic activation of the two challenging bonds, the amide C−N and unactivated aliphatic C(sp3)−H, via metallaphotoredox catalysis to directly acylate aliphatic C−H bonds utilizing amides as stable and readily accessible acyl surrogates. N‐acylsuccinimides served as efficient acyl reagents for the streamlined synthesis of synthetically useful ketones from simple C(sp3)−H substrates. Detailed mechanistic investigations using both computational and experimental mechanistic studies were performed to construct a detailed and complete catalytic cycle. The origin of the superior reactivity of the N‐acylsuccinimides over other more reactive acyl sources such as acyl chlorides was found to be an uncommon reaction pathway which commences with C−H activation prior to oxidative addition of the acyl substrate.