bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining the Optimum Level of Soil Olsen Phosphorus and Phosphorus Fertilizer Application for High Phosphorus-Use Efficiency in Zea mays L. in Black Soil
Authors: Ibrahim Khalid , Wang Qiong , Wang Le , Zhang Weiwei , Peng Chang , Zhang Shuxiang
Published: May 2021

Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient, both as a component of several important plant structural compounds and as a catalyst in the conversion of numerous important biochemical reactions in plants. The soil Olsen P (OP) level is an important factor affecting crop production and P-use efficiency (PUE). We tested the effect of six OP levels and P doses on maize yield, where the P doses were 0, 22, 44, 59, 73, and 117 kg P2O5 ha−1, with three replications, from 2017 to 2019. The response of crop yield to the OP level can be divided into two parts, below 28 mg kg−1 and above 28 mg kg−1. The change point between the two parts was determined as the agronomic critical level for maize crops in the study area. The PUE (%) increased with soil OP levels and decreased with P fertilizer application rates. In addition, results for the low P application rate (P2), 22 kg P2O5 ha−1, showed that PUE significantly increased with an increase in the soil OP level compared with PUE at a low OP level (OP1), 0 kg P2O5 ha−1. The PUE value increased by 49.5%, 40.1%, and 32.4% at a high OP level (OP6) in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively, compared to that at a low OP level (OP1). At the same OP levels, in all three years, the PUE at a high P application rate (P6) decreased significantly, in the range of 62.8% to 78.7%, compared to that at a low P application rate (P2). Under an average deficit of 100 kg ha−1 P, the OP level of the soil in all three years decreased by 3.9 mg kg−1 in the treatment without P addition (P1) and increased by 2.4–3.5 mg kg−1 in the P treatments for each 100 kg ha−1 P surplus. A phosphorus application rate of 44 kg P2O5 ha−1 and an OP level of 28 mg kg−1 are sufficient to obtain an optimum yield, increase the PUE, and reduce environmental hazards in the study area in northeastern China.
Building Retrofitting System Based on Bamboo-Steel Hybrid Exoskeleton Structures: A Case Study
Authors: Parrella Vittoria F. , Molari Luisa
Published: May 2021

The building heritage of many seismic regions worldwide is largely substandard and seismically deficient and would require seismic retrofitting interventions. The use of natural materials with low embedded emissions could lead to a low carbon footprint of the retrofitting intervention. In this perspective, an innovative structural sustainable retrofitting system is proposed consisting of a hybrid steel–bamboo reticular bracing system. Through a preliminary two-dimensional analysis, the capabilities of the system are assessed by varying the size and the number of the culms and inserting engineered bamboo and steel rods. Considering the constraints posed by the openings, a structure that uses steel in the first inter-storey and bamboo in the others is proposed to obtain a significative improvement of mechanical performances. The spatial behaviour of this structure is studied through a three-dimensional numerical model. The seismic analyses show that the exoskeleton structure when conveniently anchored allows to achieve an effective displacement and deformation control on the primary structure, as well as a reduction of its internal forces. The results of the presented work may provide useful preliminary insights. Further research effort is needed to generalize the results to different seismic zones. The proposed seismic retrofitting system could be easily integrated with a thermal coat to also enhance energy saving.
Hydro-Economic Water Allocation Model for Water Supply Risk Analysis: A Case Study of Namhan River Basin, South Korea
Authors: Jeong Gimoon , Kang Doosun
Published: May 2021

Rational water resource management is used to ensure a stable supply of water by predicting the supply of and demand for future water resources. However, rational water allocation will become more difficult in the future owing to the effects of climate change, causing water shortages and disputes. In this study, an advanced hydro-economic water allocation and management model (WAMM) was introduced by improving the optimization scheme employed in conventional models and incorporating the economic value of water. By relying upon economic valuation, the WAMM can support water allocation efforts that focus not only on the stability but also on the economic benefits of water supply. The water supply risk was evaluated following the different objective functions and optimization methods provided by the WAMM using a case study of the Namhan River basin in South Korea under a climate change scenario over the next 30 years. The water shortages and associated economic damage were compared, and the superior ability of WAMM to mitigate future water shortages using economic valuation and full-step linear programming (FSLP) optimization was demonstrated. It is expected that the WAMM can be applied to help resolve water shortages and disputes among river basin units under severe drought conditions.
SMAP Soil Moisture Product Assessment over Wales, U.K., Using Observations from the WSMN Ground Monitoring Network
Authors: Gupta Dileep Kumar , Srivastava Prashant K. , Singh Ankita , Petropoulos George P. , Stathopoulos Nikolaos , Prasad Rajendra
Published: May 2021

Soil moisture (SM) is the primary variable regulating the soil temperature (ST) differences between daytime and night-time, providing protection to crop rooting systems against sharp and sudden changes. It also has a number of practical applications in a range of disciplines. This study presents an approach to incorporating the effect of ST for the accurate estimation of SM using Earth Observation (EO) data from NASA’s SMAP sensor, one of the most sophisticated satellites currently in orbit. Linear regression analysis was carried out between the SMAP-retrieved SM and ground-measured SM. Subsequently, SMAP-derived ST was incorporated with SMAP-derived SM in multiple regression analysis to improve the SM retrieval accuracy. The ability of the proposed method to estimate SM under different seasonal conditions for the year 2016 was evaluated using ground observations from the Wales Soil Moisture Network (WSMN), located in Wales, United Kingdom, as a reference. Results showed reduced retrieval accuracy of SM between the SMAP and ground measurements. The R2 between the SMAP SM and ground-observed data from WSMN was found to be 0.247, 0.183, and 0.490 for annual, growing and non-growing seasons, respectively. The values of RMSE between SMAP SM and WSMN observed SM are reported as 0.080 m3m−3, 0.078 m3m−3 and 0.010 m3m−3, with almost zero bias values for annual, growing and non-growing seasons, respectively. Implementation of the proposed scheme resulted in a noticeable improvement in SSM prediction in both R2 (0.558, 0.440 and 0.613) and RMSE (0.045 m3m−3, 0.041 m3m−3 and 0.007 m3m−3), with almost zero bias values for annual, growing and non-growing seasons, respectively. The proposed algorithm retrieval accuracy was closely matched with the SMAP target accuracy 0.04 m3m−3. In overall, use of the new methodology was found to help reducing the SM difference between SMAP and ground-measured SM, using only satellite data. This can provide important assistance in improving cases where the SMAP product can be used in practical and research applications.
Effect of Cross-Departmental Collaboration on Performance: Evidence from the Federal Highway Administration
Authors: Wipulanusat Warit , Sunkpho Jirapon , Stewart Rodney
Published: May 2021

Cross-departmental collaboration, one of the most salient administrative reforms, has been promoted to resolve cross-jurisdictional administration issues over the previous three decades. Nearly all previous empirical studies have examined the direct impact of cross-departmental collaboration on organizational performance without accounting for the indirect effects of managerial practices. Using data from the Federal Highway Administration, this study develops an integrated structural equation modeling and Bayesian network model used to examine both direct and indirect impacts of cross-departmental collaboration on organizational performance. The structural model indicates that cross-departmental collaboration has a direct effect on organizational performance and indirect effects through its influence on resource acquisition and knowledge creation. The scenario-based simulation suggests the optimal integration of managerial actions to improve agency performance, which is achieved by encouraging cross-departmental collaboration and supporting the knowledge creation process. Finally, implications are provided to present practical managerial actions from the Federal Highway Administration as an exemplar for other highway agencies.
Smart Fishery: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda for Sustainable Fisheries in the Age of AI
Authors: Honarmand Ebrahimi Sanaz , Ossewaarde Marinus , Need Ariana
Published: May 2021

Applications of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies for improving the sustainability of the smart fishery have become widespread. While sustainability is often claimed to be the desired outcome of AI applications, there is as yet little evidence on how AI contributes to the sustainable fishery. The purpose of this paper is to perform a systematic review of the literature on the smart fishery and to identify upcoming themes for future research on the sustainable fishery in the Age of AI. The findings of the review reveal that scholarly attention in AI-inspired fishery literature focuses mostly on automation of fishery resources monitoring, mainly detection, identification, and classification. Some papers list marine health and primary production which are vital dimensions for Large Marine Ecosystems to recycle nutrients to sustain anticipated production levels. Very few reviewed articles refer to assessing individual needs, particularly fishers, from AI deployment in fisheries and policy response from governments. We call for future AI for sustainable fishery studies on how fishers perceive AI needs, and how governments possess a tangible strategy or depth of understanding on the regulation of AI concerning smart fishery systems and research on resilience-enhancing policies to promote the value and potentials of the AI-inspired smart fishery in different locations.
Habitat Quality and Social Behavioral Association Network in a Wintering Waterbirds Community
Authors: Rasool Muhammad Awais , Hassan Muhammad Azher , Zhang Xiaobo , Zeng Qing , Jia Yifei , Wen Li , Lei Guangchun
Published: May 2021

Migratory waterbirds concentrated in freshwater ecosystems in mosaic environments rely on quality habitats for overwintering. At West Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve (WDLNNR), China, land-use change and hydrology alternation are compounding factors that have affected important wintering areas for migratory waterbirds. Presently, changes in the hydrology and landscape have reshaped natural wintering habitats and their availability, though the impact of hydrological management on habitat selection of wintering waterbirds is largely unknown. In this study, we classified differentially managed habitats and calculated their area using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to evaluate suitable habitat availability over the study period (2016–2017 and 2017–2018 wintering periods). We then used social behavioral association network (SBAN) model to compare habitat quality through species-species social interactions and species-habitat associations in lakes with different hydrological management. The results indicated that social interactions between and within species structured wintering waterbirds communities, which could be dominated by one or more species, while dominant species control the activities of other co-existing species. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests indicated significant differences in SBAN metrics between lakes (p = 0.0237) and habitat (p < 0.0001) levels. Specifically, lakes with managed hydrology were preferred by more species. The managed lakes had better habitat quality in terms of significantly higher habitat areas (p < 0.0001) and lower habitat transitions (p = 0.0113). Collectively, our findings suggest that proper hydrological management can provide continuous availability of quality habitats, especially mudflats and shallow waters, for a stable SBAN to ensure a wintering waterbirds community with more sympatric species in a dynamic environment.
Applying System-Oriented Sustainability Scoring for Cruise Traffic Port Operators: A Case Study of Geiranger, Norway
Authors: Johansen Børge Heggen , Aspen Dina Margrethe , Sparrevik Magnus , Æsøy Vilmar
Published: May 2021

Balancing the positive and negative impacts of cruise tourism is a challenging task for port operators. Necessary information for cruise port planning and decision making may be laborious to acquire and further combine for holistic decision support. The current study applies a system-oriented sustainability scoring model to the port of Geiranger, Norway. The aim is to provide a practical and low-threshold approach for appraising sustainability aspects in cruise port planning and decision making. The scoring model provides an estimate of performance on sustainability indicators based on cruise call itinerary information and readily available ship data. Results demonstrate how using the scoring model can prove useful for both port management, planning, stakeholder communication and scenario evaluation.
CEO Overconfidence and Voluntary Disclosure of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: With a Focus on the Role of Corporate Governance
Authors: Lee Jaehong
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between overconfident CEOs, voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas emissions and firm value, and whether corporate (internal and external) governance affects this association. Using logistic regression and a firm-fixed effect model, I analyzed a sample of voluntary disclosing firms with the fiscal year in December that are listed in the Korean stock market for the period from 2011 to 2019, measuring corporate governance based on female representation within boards and industry-level competition. As a result, this study finds that, on average, CEO overconfidence is positively related to voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, in firms with more female representation on boards, the positive relationship between CEO overconfidence, voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas emissions, and firm value is more pronounced, implying that women directors effectively monitor overconfident CEOs. Similarly, this positive relationship is also strengthened according to the degree of industry-level competition, which indicates that the external governance role of competition can alleviate CEO overconfidence. This study is meaningful as the first study to examine the effect of voluntary greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions disclosure on investors’ valuation in the Korean capital market, taking the characteristics of managers and governance structure into account.
Optimal Channel Strategy for a Fresh Produce E-Commerce Supply Chain
Authors: Zheng Qian , Wang Manman , Yang Feng
Published: May 2021

As an increasing number of firms move to omnichannel operation for business sustainability, it is also necessary for fresh produce firms to adopt an omnichannel model by integrating online and offline channels. We focus on a fresh produce supply chain consisting of a supplier who sells online directly and a physical store retailer. The purpose of this paper is to explore the optimal channel selection strategy considering the fresh-keeping efforts of supply chain members. Specifically, we examine the conditions under which the supply chain members should cooperate to adopt the deliver-from-store (DFS) model and further investigate the impact of consumers’ freshness sensitivity and offline hassle cost on supply chain members’ sales model options. Several important conclusions are shown as follows. First, the retailer’s profit increases with the increasing freshness sensitivity in the dual-channel model, while it decreases if consumers are sufficiently sensitive to freshness in the DFS model. Second, if adopting the DFS model, online demand and total market demand expand, and the performance of the supplier and the retailer heavily depends on the size of the commission rate. Third, there always exists a win–win situation with an appropriate range of commission rate when the consumer’s hassle cost is large. This paper contributes to the omnichannel strategy research of fresh produce supply chain management and the results provide management insights for the sustainable development of the fresh produce industry in the omnichannel retailing environment.
Does Double Biofeedback Affect Functional Hemispheric Asymmetry and Activity? A Pilot Study
Authors: Demareva Valeriia , Mukhina Elena , Bobro Tatiana , Abitov Ildar
Published: May 2021

In the current pilot study, we attempt to find out how double neurofeedback influences functional hemispheric asymmetry and activity. We examined 30 healthy participants (8 males; 22 females, mean age = 29; SD = 8). To measure functional hemispheric asymmetry and activity, we used computer laterometry in the ‘two-source’ lead-lag dichotic paradigm. Double biofeedback included 8 min of EEG oscillation recording with five minutes of basic mode. During the basic mode, the current amplitude of the EEG oscillator gets transformed into feedback sounds while the current amplitude of alpha EEG oscillator is used to modulate the intensity of light signals. Double neurofeedback did not directly influence the asymmetry itself but accelerated individual sound perception characteristics during dichotic listening in the preceding effect paradigm. Further research is needed to investigate the effect of double neurofeedback training on functional brain activity and asymmetry, taking into account participants’ age, gender, and motivation.
Density Functional Theory Studies and Molecular Docking on Xanthohumol, 8-Prenylnaringenin and Their Symmetric Substitute Diethanolamine Derivatives as Inhibitors for Colon Cancer-Related Proteins
Authors: Vlasiou Manos C. , Petrou Christos C. , Sarigiannis Yiannis , Pafiti Kyriaki S.
Published: May 2021

Diethanolamine is a tridentate symmetric ligand that is used for organic synthesis to increase metal chelation or alter the molecular polarities. Prenylated flavonoids are well known for their anticancer properties even in colon cancer. Colorectal cancer is a major threat to society causing death through metastasis to several patients with stage IV. Here, we provided altered structures of xanthohumol and 8-prenylanaringenin of the symmetric ligand diethanolamine, based on theoretical studies that are showing better binding affinities to several colon cancer-related proteins. Using molecular docking and dynamics, alongside density function theory and ADMET studies we are representing these two new derivatives of prenylated flavonoids having promising results against this disease.
FE-RetinaNet: Small Target Detection with Parallel Multi-Scale Feature Enhancement
Authors: Liang Hong , Yang Junlong , Shao Mingwen
Published: May 2021

Because small targets have fewer pixels and carry fewer features, most target detection algorithms cannot effectively use the edge information and semantic information of small targets in the feature map, resulting in low detection accuracy, missed detections, and false detections from time to time. To solve the shortcoming of insufficient information features of small targets in the RetinaNet, this work introduces a parallel-assisted multi-scale feature enhancement module MFEM (Multi-scale Feature Enhancement Model), which uses dilated convolution with different expansion rates to avoid multiple down sampling. MFEM avoids information loss caused by multiple down sampling, and at the same time helps to assist shallow extraction of multi-scale context information. Additionally, this work adopts a backbone network improvement plan specifically designed for target detection tasks, which can effectively save small target information in high-level feature maps. The traditional top-down pyramid structure focuses on transferring high-level semantics from the top to the bottom, and the one-way information flow is not conducive to the detection of small targets. In this work, the auxiliary MFEM branch is combined with RetinaNet to construct a model with a bidirectional feature pyramid network, which can effectively integrate the strong semantic information of the high-level network and high-resolution information regarding the low level. The bidirectional feature pyramid network designed in this work is a symmetrical structure, including a top-down branch and a bottom-up branch, performs the transfer and fusion of strong semantic information and strong resolution information. To prove the effectiveness of the algorithm FE-RetinaNet (Feature Enhancement RetinaNet), this work conducts experiments on the MS COCO. Compared with the original RetinaNet, the improved RetinaNet has achieved a 1.8% improvement in the detection accuracy (mAP) on the MS COCO, and the COCO AP is 36.2%; FE-RetinaNet has a good detection effect on small targets, with APs increased by 3.2%.
High Frequency of Viral Co-Detections in Acute Bronchiolitis
Authors: Petat Hortense , Gajdos Vincent , Angoulvant François , Vidalain Pierre-Olivier , Corbet Sandrine , Marguet Christophe , Brouard Jacques , Vabret Astrid , Gouilh Meriadeg Ar
Published: May 2021

Over two years (2012–2014), 719 nasopharyngeal samples were collected from 6-week- to 12-month-old infants presenting at the emergency department with moderate to severe acute bronchiolitis. Viral testing was performed, and we found that 98% of samples were positive, including 90% for respiratory syncytial virus, 34% for human rhino virus, and 55% for viral co-detections, with a predominance of RSV/HRV co-infections (30%). Interestingly, we found that the risk of being infected by HRV is higher in the absence of RSV, suggesting interferences or exclusion mechanisms between these two viruses. Conversely, coronavirus infection had no impact on the likelihood of co-infection involving HRV and RSV. Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalizations in infants before 12 months of age, and many questions about its role in later chronic respiratory diseases (asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) exist. The role of virus detection and the burden of viral codetections need to be further explored, in order to understand the physiopathology of chronic respiratory diseases, a major public health issue.
Presence and Diversity of Different Enteric Viruses in Wild Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Niendorf Sandra , Harms Dominik , Hellendahl Katja F. , Heuser Elisa , Böttcher Sindy , Jacobsen Sonja , Bock C.-Thomas , Ulrich Rainer G.
Published: May 2021

Rodents are common reservoirs for numerous zoonotic pathogens, but knowledge about diversity of pathogens in rodents is still limited. Here, we investigated the occurrence and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in 51 Norway rats collected in three different countries in Europe. RNA of at least one virus was detected in the intestine of 49 of 51 animals. Astrovirus RNA was detected in 46 animals, mostly of rat astroviruses. Human astrovirus (HAstV-8) RNA was detected in one, rotavirus group A (RVA) RNA was identified in eleven animals. One RVA RNA could be typed as rat G3 type. Rat hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA was detected in five animals. Two entire genome sequences of ratHEV were determined. Human norovirus RNA was detected in four animals with the genotypes GI.P4-GI.4, GII.P33-GII.1, and GII.P21. In one animal, a replication competent coxsackievirus A20 strain was detected. Additionally, RNA of an enterovirus species A strain was detected in the same animal, albeit in a different tissue. The results show a high detection rate and diversity of enteric viruses in Norway rats in Europe and indicate their significance as vectors for zoonotic transmission of enteric viruses. The detailed role of Norway rats and transmission pathways of enteric viruses needs to be investigated in further studies.
Is the First of the Two Born Saved? A Rare and Dramatic Case of Double Placental Damage from SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Resta Leonardo , Vimercati Antonella , Sablone Sara , Marzullo Andrea , Cazzato Gerardo , Ingravallo Giuseppe , Mazzia Giulia , Arezzo Francesca , Colagrande Anna , Rossi Roberta
Published: May 2021

The current coronavirus pandemic has affected, in a short time, various and different areas of medicine. Among these, the obstetric field has certainly been touched in full, and the knowledge of the mechanisms potentially responsible for placental damage from SARS-CoV-2 occupy a certain importance. Here we present here a rare case of dichorionic twins born at 30 weeks and 4 days of amenorrhea, one of whom died in the first few hours of life after placental damages potentially related to SARS-CoV-2. We also propose a brief review of the current literature giving ample emphasis to similar cases described.
Recent Advances and Future Perspectives in Polymer-Based Nanovaccines
Authors: Pippa Natassa , Gazouli Maria , Pispas Stergios
Published: May 2021

Vaccination is the most valuable and cost-effective health measure to prevent and control the spread of infectious diseases. A significant number of infectious diseases and chronic disorders are still not preventable by existing vaccination schemes; therefore, new-generation vaccines are needed. Novel technologies such as nanoparticulate systems and adjuvants can enable safe and effective vaccines for difficult target populations such as newborns, elderly, and the immune-compromised. More recently, polymer-based particles have found application as vaccine platforms and vaccine adjuvants due to their ability to prevent antigen degradation and clearance, coupled with enhanced uptake by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Polymeric nanoparticles have been applied in vaccine delivery, showing significant adjuvant effects as they can easily be taken up by APCs. In other words, polymer-based systems offer a lot of advantages, including versatility and flexibility in the design process, the ability to incorporate a range of immunomodulators/antigens, mimicking infection in different ways, and acting as a depot, thereby persisting long enough to generate adaptive immune responses. The aim of this review is to summarize the properties, the characteristics, the added value, and the limitations of the polymer-based nanovaccines, as well as the process of their development by the pharmaceutical industry.
Study on Trans-Boundary Water Quality and Quantity Ecological Compensation Standard: A Case of the Bahao Bridge Section in Yongding River, China
Authors: Wang Yizhuo , Yang Rongjin , Li Xiuhong , Zhang Le , Liu Weiguo , Zhang Yi , Liu Yunzhi , Liu Qiang
Published: May 2021

Watershed ecological compensation, as an important means to protect the environment and promote the sustainable and coordinated development of upstream and downstream has wide concern in China. At present, the compensation accounting method only assesses water quality. When applied to some northern rivers represented by the Yongding River, which are facing water shortage, the assessment of water quality indicators alone cannot effectively compensate the ecosystem service providers for their expenditure on the environment. This paper proposes a transboundary water quality and quantity ecological compensation standard model, which couples the water quality ecological compensation standard of pollutant reduction and the water quantity ecological compensation standard based on the restoration cost method. We set up two scenarios using the model to calculate the amount of compensation payable under the actual scenario in 2018, which is USD 68.2 million. The amount of compensation under the local environmental policy target scenario is USD 10.6–82.668–529 million. It was concluded that the funds obtained from this model can cover the rehabilitation cost and meet the benefits of the upstream and downstream, making compensation funds more reasonable. However, based on the cross-sectional assessment, there is still a lack of integrity and comprehensiveness for the river basin. The development of watershed ecological compensation should move from the game of upstream and downstream interests to a win–win situation.
SURİYE’DEN GÖÇ İLE GELEN ÇOCUKLARIN AŞILANMA DURUMLARININ BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: Binici Naime , Börekçi Gülay
Published: May 2021

Bu tanımlayıcı çalışma Hatay iline Suriye’den göç ile gelen çocukların aşılanma durumlarının belirlenmesi ve aşılanmayı etkileyen faktörlerin saptanması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Hastanesi’ne Ağustos 2017-Şubat 2018 tarihleri arasında başvuran 0-18 yaş grubu çocukları olan 651 Suriyeli ebeveyn oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın verileri, ebeveyn ve çocukların tanıtıcı bilgilerini saptamaya yönelik sosyo-demografik özellikler ve aşı durumları ile ilgili anket formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Yaş ortalaması 5,39±4,36 olan ve %53,5’i kadın cinsiyetinde olan çocukların %47,9’unun aşılarını tamamladığı belirlenmiştir. Çocukların %51,3’ünün aşılarını Suriye’de tamamladığı, %90,0’ının aşılarını aile sağlığı merkezinde yaptırdığı, %64,4’ünün aşı kartının olduğu ve %42,9’unun aşı kartının Suriye’den verildiği saptanmıştır. Çocuklara en fazla yapılan aşının %21,0 ile Hepatit B, en az yapılan aşının ise %5,4 ile Suçiçeği aşısı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ebeveynlerin çocuklarına aşı yaptırmamalarının en sık nedeninin dil problemi olduğu saptanmıştır. Ebeveynlerin eğitim düzeyi ile gelir düzeyinin çocukluk dönemi aşıları hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu, babaların çocuğunun aşılarını tamamlama durumunu, annelere oranla daha az bildiği belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Ayrıca yaş aralığı 0-5 arasında olan çocukların aşılarını tamamlama oranının, 11-15 yaş arasında olan çocuklara göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Çalışma sonuçlarımız ülkemize göç ile gelen Suriyeli çocukların aşılanma oranlarının düşük olduğunu ve ailelerin çocukluk aşılaması konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıklarını göstermektedir.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC STAY HOME PRACTICE: ITS EFFECT ON KÜTAHYA AIR QUALITY
Authors: Yılmaz Muammer
Published: May 2021

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of the applications of “stay home” and social movement restriction due to COVID-19 outbreak on air quality. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, measurement values of PM10, PM2.5, and SO2 variables in Kütahya province between 11th March and 25th May in 2019 and in 2020 were compared with 24-hour PM10, PM2.5 and SO2 mean limit values that are the air pollution criteria for Turkey and the World Health Organization (WHO). Between 11th March and 25th May in 2019, mean PM10 was 62.17±33.36 μg/m3, mean PM2.5 was 11.34±10.43 μg/m3, mean SO2 was 18.18±13.98 μg/m3, and mean air temperature was 11.14±4.58°C. Between 11th March and 25th May in 2020, mean PM10 was 42.25±26.20 μg/m3, mean PM2.5 was 16.69±8.77 μg/m3, mean SO2 was 6.93±5.36 μg/m3, mean air temperature was 13.27±6.00°C. Compared to the same period of the previous year, there is a decrease in PM10 and SO2 concentrations in Kütahya province while an increase is observed in PM2.5 concentrations.
BİR TIP FAKÜLTESİNDE ÇOCUK SAĞLIĞI VE HASTALIKLARI POLİKLİNİKLERİNE BAŞVURAN 6 AY - 6 YAŞ ARASI ÇOCUKLARIN UYKU ÖZELLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: Küçükkendirci Hasan , Eren Güllü , Yücel Mehtap
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışma 6 ay-6 yaş arası çocukların uyku özelliklerinin tanımlanması ve bunun üzerine etkili olabilecek faktörlerin araştırılmasını hedeflemektedir. Çalışma kesitsel türdedir. Etik kurul onayı alınmıştır. Araştırmacılar tarafından 31 sorudan oluşan bir veri toplama formu geliştirilmiştir. Veriler arası ilişkiler Ki-kare testi, Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel olarak p<0.05 olan durumlar anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Araştırmaya, %57,8’i (n=152) erkek olan 263 çocuk ve ebeveynleri dâhil edildi. Araştırmaya alınan çocukların, %77,2’si (n=203) günlük ortanca 1,0 (1,0-3,0) saat televizyon, cep telefonu, tablet gibi ekranlardan çizgi film veya video izlemekteydi. Çocukların %63,9’u (n=168) gündüz uykusuna yatmaktaydı. Çocukların %25,5’inin (n=67) uyumak için en fazla oyuncak, battaniye gibi bir nesneye veya anne ile fiziksel temasa ihtiyacı vardı. Çocukların %50,6’sı (n=133) ebeveynle aynı odada, ayrı yatakta uyumakta, %33,5’i (n=88) yüz üstü şekilde uyumaktaydı. Yaşı daha büyük olan çocukların ve erkek çocukların yüz üstü uyuma sıklıkları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p=0,004, p<0,001). Çalışmada, çocukların bir kısmının uyku alışkanlıklarının, uyku hijyenine uygun olmadığı görülmüştür. Bebek ve çocuklarda normal uyku rutinlerini bilmek, ebeveynlerin endişelerini ve kendi çocuklarının uykularına ilişkin sorunlarını değerlendirilmesi için gereklidir.
FIRAT ÜNİVERSİTESİ MESLEK YÜKSEK OKULU ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN SAĞLIK OKURYAZARLIĞI DÜZEYİ VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLERİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: Şirin Hülya , Deniz Serdar , Oğuzöncül Ayşe Ferdane , Ketrez Gamze , Ertuğrul Olcay , Memiş Dursun
Published: May 2021

Ülkemizde yeni gelişen ve önemli bir kavram olan sağlık okuryazarlığı ile ilgili araştırmaların sınırlı sayıda olması sebebiyle meslek yüksekokulu öğrencilerinde sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyinin ve ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kesitsel türde planlanan bu araştırmanın evrenini oluşturan Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu’ndaki öğrencilerin %86,6’sı (n=1299) araştırmaya katılmıştır. Katılımcılar Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Anketi, sosyodemografik veri formu, kişisel sağlık algısı, sağlık çıktıları ve sağlık hizmetleri ile ilgili soruları yanıtlamışlardır. Veriler SPSS v 25.00 paket programı ile değerlendirilmiştir. Öğrencilerin Genel Sağlık Okuryazarlığı (SOY) İndeksi puan ortalaması 33,81±7,81 olup kadınlarda, ekonomik durumu iyi olanlarda, annenin öğrenim durumu ‘üniversite ve üzeri’ olanlarda, sigara kullanmayanlarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Genel olarak toplumumuzda düşük olan sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyi çalışmamıza katılan gençlerde de benzer olarak görülmektedir. Genel SOY düzeyini etkileyen faktörler arasında cinsiyet, anne öğrenim durumu, gelir durumu ve sigara kullanımı saptanmıştır. SOY düzeyinin “hastalıktan korunma” ve “sağlığın iyileştirilmesi” başlıkları altında en düşük olduğu görülmektedir. Bu da birincil korunma kapsamında sağlığın geliştirilmesi için çok sektörlü sağlık yaklaşımına ihtiyaç duyulduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Gençlerin sağlık okuryazarlığı hakkında farkındalıklarının artırılmasına yönelik akran eğitimleri, programlar, projeler geliştirilmelidir.
KAYSERİ İL MERKEZİNDE GÖREV YAPAN DİN GÖREVLİLERİNİN DOKU VE ORGAN BAĞIŞI KONUSUNDAKİ BİLGİ, TUTUM VE DAVRANIŞLARI
Authors: Özsaydı Seçkin , Tekdemir Leyla , Özsaydı Semiha Zeynep , Balcı Elçin
Published: May 2021

Doku ve organ nakli vücutta görevini yapamayan yapıların yerine canlı bir vericiden veya ölüden alınan sağlam bir doku veya organın nakledilmesidir ve organ yetmezliği için etkili bir terapötik yöntemdir. Bu çalışmada, din görevlilerinin doku ve organ bağışı hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerinin belirlenmesi, tutum ve davranışlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, 2018 yılında Kayseri il merkezinde görev yapmakta olan imam, müezzin ve kız Kuran kursu hocalarının katılımı ile yapılmıştır ve toplam 584 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından literatüre uygun olarak hazırlanan ve katılımcıların sosyodemografik özellikleri, organ bağışı konusunda bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını ölçen 34 soruluk anket formu uygulanmıştır. Çalışma grubunun %53,1’i erkek, %46,9’u kadındır ve tüm grubun %88,4’ü üniversite mezunudur. Katılımcıların %66,4’ü organ bağışı hakkındaki bilgilerini yetersiz gördüğünü belirtmiştir. Grubun %28,6’sı organ bağışında bulunmak istediğini, %22,6’sı istemediğini ve %48,8’i kararsız olduğunu belirtmiştir. Organ bağışı konusunda din görevlilerinin öncülük etmesi gerektiğini düşünenlerin oranı ise %77,6’dır. Ülkemizde organ bağışı sayısı ve farkındalığı halen yeterli düzeyde değildir. Organ nakli bekleyenlere nispeten bağışta bulunanların sayısı çok azdır. Aynı zamanda organ bağışı konusunda kilit noktalardan birinde olan din görevlileri bilgilerini yetersiz görmektedir. Doku ve organ bağışı hakkında din görevlilerinin bilgilendirilmeye ihtiyaçları vardır.
When online learning is a must: a case study of emergency remote teaching in higher education
Authors: Noguera Ingrid , Valdivia Paloma
Published: May 2021

The health crisis caused by COVID-19 has urged face-to-face universities to adapt to the distance-teaching mode. This research seeks to analyse teaching and learning strategies and experiences during the confinement period in the context of the Faculty of Education of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (N=29 teachers, 227 students). The results reveal that design of the course has reproduced face-to-face practices tending towards content-based learning. Lecturers have experienced difficulties deriving from a lack of digital competence and literacy in online pedagogies and students with reference to the paradigm shift that affect their role and tasks. In conclusion, there are pedagogical and technological changes that are here to stay and that the future of higher education will be hybrid. Teachers are predisposed to continue learning about the use of digital technologies and innovative teaching methods while there is a need to incorporate such competences into educators’ educational programmes.
Peningkatan keterampilan basic photography dengan smartphone dan penyusunan laporan keuangan UMKM
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indra Zubaidi , Agustina Yenni ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Andi Kiagus ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung
Published: May 2021

Technology and financial reports have a vital role in business life. Technology can help MSME players in marketing their products to areas that are difficult to reach for them. One form of technology that has an important role is cell phones. This tool, which is better known as a communication tool, can also act as an attractive image-producing tool that can support MSME players in marketing their products. However, not all MSMEs can use this tool optimally due to the lack of knowledge and skills in photography. Meanwhile, financial reports for stakeholders are no less critical for the continuity of MSME businesses, especially in obtaining financial assistance from the government. Kelurahan Tanjung Raya, especially RT 015, is out of the population working as a business actor. However, the development of MSMEs was not so fast due to their lack of knowledge in marketing goods and preparing financial reports. Based on this phenomenon, the team conducted a Community Service attended by 10 MSME actors. This service activity was carried out at the Bunda Delima Akper for 1 day, considering it was in a covid 19 situation. At the time of this activity, the participants were so enthusiastic about taking part in training and practicing photography so that this activity could provide positive values for the participants.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ КУЛЬТУРОТВОРЧОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА ЗАКЛАДУ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Ордіна Лариса
Published: May 2021

Формування культуротворчого середовища у закладі вищої освіти – один з ефективних напрямів удосконалення якості фахової підготовки студентів. У дослідженні розглянуто передумови виникнення феномену «культуротворче середовище», його становлення у педагогічній освіті, визначено поняття «культуротворче середовище закладу вищої освіти», окреслено структуру і функції, що обумовлюють продуктивність освітньо-виховної діяльності ЗВО, розглянуто сутність середовищного підходу, як методологічної основи формування КТС ЗВО, обґрунтовано ряд принципів, які визначають суттєві вимоги до формування культуротворчого середовища закладу вищої освіти, слугують опорою його практичної реалізації і передбачають творчу самореалізацію особистості в культурному житті.
COULD GENERAL SURGEONS WITH SPECIAL INTEREST IN BREAST SURGERY DELIVER A QUALITY SERVICE DESPITE A PARADIGM SHIFT TOWARDS SPECIALISATION? AN INDEPTH ANALYSIS OF QUALITY ASSESSMENT-BASED PRACTICE AT A GENERAL SURGEON-LED BREAST UNIT IN THE UNITED KINGDOM
Authors: Kiruparan Pasupathy , Matias Mariana , Kiruparan Nanthesh , Archampong David , Debnath Debasish
Published: May 2021

Background: Despite specialisation, a small subset of general surgeons continues to provide breast services in the United Kingdom. We aimed to
assess breast cancer i) local recurrence rate against the national benchmarks of <5% (for invasive cancer) and <10% (for noninvasive cancer) at 5-
year, and ii) net survival rates against national record of 95.8% and 85.3%, at 1-year and 5-year, respectively.
Methods: All breast cancers (between 01/05/2012 and 30/04/2013) at a district general hospital in the north-west of England were audited. Two
general surgeons provided the breast service. One surgeon performed mostly excisional surgery and acted as a 'generalist'. The second surgeon also
performed level 2 oncoplastic procedures and acted as an internal control as a 'specialist'.
Results: Out of 270 cancers diagnosed, 203 patients underwent surgery. Six patients (out of 180 invasive cancers) developed local recurrences
(3.33%). Two patients (out of 23 patients with Ductal Carcinoma-In-Situ) developed local recurrences (8.69%). There was no signicant intersurgeon variation in practice except a difference in the size of the excised lesions. 1-year and 5-year net survival rates amongst all female breast
cancer patients were 97% and 87.3%, respectively. Overall survival at 5-year was 79.1%.
Conclusions: The results demonstrate that in an unselected cohort of breast cancer patients, general surgeons with interest in breast surgery can
achieve acceptable standards in terms of local recurrence at 5-year, and net survivals at 1-year and 5-year. No conceivable difference in practice
between two surgeons with 'generalist' and 'specialist' skill-mix was noted. Low overall survival might reect wider health issues. This has
implications in planning a local breast service and utilising constrained human resources in the era of specialisation.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EXCESSIVE DAILY SLEEPING AND INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL
Authors: Mattos Müller Rosângela de , Levien Vera Regina , Tomasi Elaine , Albernaz Elaine , Dumith Samuel C.
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The Internet has an undeniable importance in facilitating communication and integration between people from all over the world in
a globalized society. However, some users use the network in an exacerbated way, mainly teenagers and young adults, and may show interpersonal
conicts, academic or nancial losses, changes in their daily routine, modifying their circadian cycle, and consequently, triggering sleep disorders
and excessive daytime sleepiness. Objective: To verify the prevalence of daytime sleepiness in university students and investigate the association
with Internet addiction. Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at two universities in southern Brazil. The Internet Addiction Test was
used to verify the presence of Internet addiction, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale to assess excessive daytime sleepiness. Results: Of the 985
university students interviewed, 34% had a screening test showing mild Internet addiction and 7.5% moderate addiction. No student was classied
as having severe Internet addiction. The prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness was 30% (95% CI 27-33). A positive linear relationship was
identied between excessive daytime sleepiness and Internet addiction. University students without addiction had a prevalence of 23%, mild
addiction 36%, and those with moderate addiction 45.5% (p-value of linear trend <0.001). Conclusions: One in three university students showed
excessive daytime sleepiness, and Internet addicts are more likely to show this outcome. Longitudinal studies are mandatory to establish the
reasons for excessive internet use and its relationship with sleep disorders.
ROLE OF DASHMOOLADI MAJJA SNEHA (THERAPEUTIC ENEMA) IN AVASCULAR NECROSIS: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Priyanka Jakra , Meenu Mishra , Kamini Soni
Published: May 2021

Introduction:Avascular necrosis is also known as aseptic, osteonecrosis and ischaemic necrosis of bone. There are a multitude of risk factors but
over 80% of cases are attributed to glucocorticoid treatment or alcohol excess. Avascular Necrosis of femoral head is the most common type of
necrosis, because the artery supplying to neck of femur is very narrow which easily gets injured. In modern medicine there is no specic treatment
rather than surgery. In Ayurveda avascular necrosis can be correlated with Asthimajjagatvata. Aim: To assess the efcacy of Dashmooladi Majja
Sneha in the management of avascular necrosis. The objective of the treatment includes the preservation of structure and function of hip joint with
symptomatic relief. Materials & Methods:The present case study is upon a 32 year old, diagnosed case of avascular necrosis of femoral head with
complaints of pain in bilateral sacroiliac joint since one and half years which was associated with difculty in doing normal daily activities such as
walking, sitting, squatting along with change in the gait, at the Panchakarma OPD of Govt. Ayurvedic hospital Bhopal. The patient of idiopathic
AVN of femoral head was treated with Dashmooladi Majja Sneha, Brihatvata Chintamani Rasa, Amritaristha, Panchtikta Ghrita Guggulu and
Shastik Shali Pind Swedan have done as per the classical method for 30 days. Assessment was done after treatment and follow up after 15 days for
2months. Observations: The Ayurvedic therapies and oral medicines yielded complete symptomatic relief from pain, general debility and
improvement in the gait. Conclusion: On the basis of the results obtained it can be concluded that Dashmooladi Majja Sneha, Shastik Shali Pind
Swedan and some oral medicines can be used as an effective treatment in the management of Avascular Necrosis.
The approach of diabetological team to educational therapy of nutrition therapy in different clinical setting: our experiences
Authors: Zavaroni, D.
Published: May 2021

The medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is an essential element of therapy in diabetic patients and it should be included in the route of Structured therapeutic Education (ETS) in patients centered care. Our experience refers to a comparison among three working groups composed of teams experts in diabetes with a diabetologist, a nurse and a dietician who had to experience nutrition therapy in different clinical settings. We chose three scenarios: patient with diabetes who is mooving from peadiatric age to adulthood; patient with new diagnosed type 2 diabetes and bad glycometabolic control; patient with type 1 diabetes, already known, with frequent hypoglycemic crises. The method used was Metaplan. Each of the 3 groups followed sligthly different paths depending on the clinical situation that have influenced not only the choices of each operator, but of the whole group. In accordance with the individual competences, the team has operated synchronously. The premises have been widely shared, while respecting the individual skills, and with differences related to the different organizational situations. The MNT is a long and articulate path, but in our experience, a personalized initial approach has been recognized by the team as fundamental, both in the initial phase of taking charge, as in the group 1 and in the group 2, and when we have to face important criticalities, as in the group 3. KEY WORDS diabetologic team; medical nutrition therapy; therapeutic education; paths.