bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Gaelic League and the spatial logics of Irish nationalism
Authors: Beatty Aidan
Published: June 2019

The Gaelic League was founded in 1893 with the aim of reviving the Irish language, as well as promoting home-grown industries and social reform. By the turn of the century, it had become one of the most important cultural organisations in Ireland. This article studies a central element of the league's ideology and praxis, albeit one that has thus far received little attention: its promotion of a specifically nationalist understanding of Irish space. ‘Space’ was a key trope for the Gaelic League and was linked to a number of other dominant nationalist concerns: state sovereignty, race, gender and modernity. Moreover, this article argues that a focus on ‘space’ allows for a better comparative understanding of Irish nationalism, since similar spatial logics were at play in other late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century national movements both in Europe and in the (post)colonial world.
Testing Proficiency in Writing a Foreign Language
Authors: Lado Robert
Published: June 2019

Discussions of the testing of proficiency to write a foreign language are usually limited to techniques; and without a rationale or set criteria of what is to be tested, the result is confusion. Partly as a consequence of the lack of a rationale we are faced with a dearth of techniques in use. Essentially we find only two: objective short answer tests, which are distrusted, and composition tests, which are frustrating because of problems of scoring and the time involved.

Superficial clichés are freely applied to these two techniques. Judgments are made on outward appearances — face validity — without reference to linguistic content or to empirically tested validity. On the basis of appearance, objective tests are criticized because presumably (1) they do not force the student to think, (2) they do not require that the student organize and present information, (3) they are only recognition, multiple choice tests, (4) they are considered elementary in comparison with the business of writing a free composition in the foreign language.
Levels Analysis: J. R. Firth’s Theories of Linguistic Analysis
Authors: Bursill-Hall G. L.
Published: June 2019

This paper should be considered a sequel to the paper read at the meetings of the Canadian Linguistic Association at Kingston in June 1960 and to be published in the Proceedings of the Learned Societies of Canada; in the first paper, the linguistic theories of J. R. Firth (and which are summarised in section 1.0. 1.1, and 1.11 of this paper) were outlined, and in this article the procedures at the different levels (Firth himself has used the term “spectrum analysis”) of the analysis of a text are described and copiously illustrated from the works of Firth and his associates. These methods have been developed by Professor Firth and his colleagues in London on the lines of the linguistic theory promulgated by Professor Firth and adumbrated in the original paper. This article concludes with a detailed bibliography of the writings of Firth and his colleagues; reference is also made to the work of other scholars who have discussed Firth’s linguistic theories.
L'Egypte et la Plaque aux Deux Lions d'ur: Étude de Quelques Rapports Entre L'Art Sumérien et L'Art Memphite
Authors: Gilbert Pierre
Published: June 2019

Parmi les magnifiques objets que Sir Leonard Woolley a découverts dans la nécropole royale d'Ur, il y en a un qui semble ne pouvoir s'expliquer sans l'Egypte. Trouvé avec des pointes de lances aupres des gardes sacrifiés à l'entrée de la tombe du roi Abargi, c'est une applique de bronze, probablement une pièce de renforcement d'un bouclier disparu. Au-dessus d'un bossage du type de l'umbo romain s'étale une plaque rectangulaire, sur laquelle se profilent en léger relief deux lions divergents. Sous la ligne de terre où ils marchent, deux hommes nus sont étendus tout déjetés, face vers le bas. Allégorie de victoire un peu gauchement rendue. Les vaincus devraient être foulés aux pieds, et non pas relégués sous la ligne de terre. Et les lions devraient en triompher avec d'autant plus de fougue que l'art sumérien se complaît aux effets d'énergie heurtée. Au lieu de quoi ces lions-ci s'éloignent l'un de l'autre du pas le plus égal et le plus calme. Et leur silhouette même est d'un calme allongement.
Notes on starfish on an Essex oyster bed
Authors: Hancock D. A.
Published: June 2019

In a previous paper (Hancock, 1955) an account was given of the feeding behaviour of the starfish Asterias rubens L. and the common sunstar Solaster papposus (L.) on Essex oyster beds. In discussion, it was stated that there was no evidence that, in the conditions described, a cultivated oyster ground provided a greater attraction than an uncultivated one. The present work was undertaken to provide information on this subject, and also on the movements, growth and ecological relationships of starfish. Further experiments were made on feeding behaviour, particularly of the young starfish.
The polychaeteMagelona allenin.sp. and a re-assessment ofMagelona cinctaEhlers
Authors: Wilson Douglas P.
Published: June 2019

Three species of the polychaete genusMagelonaare known from the neighbour-hood of Plymouth. One is the widely distributedM. papillicornisF. Müller, described first from the coast of Brazil (Müller, 1858) and subsequently frequently recorded for northern European coasts and the Mediterranean. Near Plymouth this species occurs in clean sand in the lower tidal region and offshore, as in Whitsand Bay. Of the other two species, one from clean sand near low water at Mill Bay, Salcombe, awaits description. The third has been known for many years but until now has not been recognized as an undescribed species. It was formerly abundant in the Rame Mud (a deposit of black sandy mud); thus Mare (1942, p. 542, asM. cinctaEhlers—a provisional identification by me) on 12 July 1939 found 120 per m, associated with large numbers of other polychaetes, lamellibranchs, etc. The locality was close to Ford's station No. 93 (Ford, 1923, chart facing p. 167, and p. 218 where the position is given as Rame Head, E. ½ N. Tregantle, N.½ E.). At this station on 20 February 1923 Ford had four specimens (recorded asM. papillicornis)from ⅕ m. On 11 August 1922 at station No. 53 close by (Rame Head, E., 1½ miles) he obtained thirteen specimens of the same species from 1/10 m, the substratum being black mud. Ford recordspapillicornisfrom other offshore mud or muddy-sand stations over a fairly wide area inside and outside Plymouth Sound, but in less abundance. It is certain that some of these records, especially those detailed above, are of the species taken by Mare and provisionally identified ascincta.
X.—The Feeding Mechanism of Some Atyid Prawns of the GenusCaridina
Authors: Fryer Geoffrey
Published: June 2019

Synopsis

The mouthparts and associated structures and the feeding mechanism of two small atyid prawns,Caridina africanaandC. nilotica, are described in detail. Both species collect fine particles of food with the chelipeds, which for this purpose are armed with greatly modified spines and setæ, and transfer them rapidly to the mouthparts. Here the food is removed from the chelipeds by a grid-like arrangement of setse on the first maxillipeds and combed from these by the highly modified and teasel-like distal portions of the maxillæ which operate in conjunction with the first maxillipeds as a single functional unit. From these it is passed to the maxillules and thence to the mandibles.

An attempt is made to reconstruct on a functional basis the route by which primitive malacostracans could reach the condition now found inCaridina, and the evolution of chelipeds is discussed.
XIV.—The Muscular and Reproductive Systems ofAtomaria ruficornis(Marsham) (Coleoptera, Cryptophagidæ.)
Authors: Evans M. E. G.
Published: June 2019

Synopsis

This is a study of the functional morphology of the muscular and reproductive systems of the adult beetle,Atomaria ruficornis(Marsham) made by means of serial sections and dissections. An account is given of the skeleto-muscular system of the head, thorax and abdomen with reference to previous work in this sphere. Wherever possible, the muscles described have been homologized with those of other Coleoptera. In a small number of cases, it has been found necessary to use new names for muscles. The probable mode of action of the mouth-parts and foregut during feeding is described. An account is given of the reproductive organs and genitalia of both male and female beetles; the muscular system of the genitalia in both sexes is described fully, and the functioning of the genitalia is discussed.
XVIII.—Tristichia ovensigen. et sp. nov., a Protostelic Lower Carboniferous Pteridosperm from Berwickshire and East Lothian, with an Account of some Associated Seeds and Cupules
Authors: Long Albert G.
Published: June 2019

Synopsis

Tristichia ovensiis a Lower Carboniferous Pteridosperm known from both petrifactions and compressions. The stems possess a triradiate protostele and some show secondary xylem. The petioles have a butterfly-shaped trace and dichotomize repeatedly forming very slender axes sometimes bearing minute terminal pinnules similar to those ofMoresnetia zalesshyiStockmans. Associated withTristichiaare seeds and cupules ofStamnostoma huttonenseand less frequently compressions of seeds borne terminally on very fine dichotomous pedicels.
Economic Factors
Authors: Whitaker Arthur P.
Published: June 2019

I was invited to prepare an interpretative essay on this subject. That, and nothing more, is what this paper aspires to be. It is not a monograph and any resemblance it may bear to historiography or bibliography is purely coincidental.

Any essay on economic factors in the Latin American independence movement labors under a heavy heuristic handicap. The difficulty begins with the paucity of basic economic studies of the period. This deficiency was noted by Charles Griffin ten years ago in a related paper; little progress towards filling the gap has been made since.

In so far as it is possible to identify and evaluate the economic factors in the independence movement, they appear less important than the political and perhaps other factors. This is almost certainly so if the question is one of conscious motivation, and probably so whatever the terms of the question.
Research Development on Sustainable Urban Infrastructure From 1991 to 2017: A Bibliometric Analysis to Inform Future Innovations
Authors: Du Huibin , Liu Diyi , Lu Zhongming , Crittenden John , Mao Guozhu , Wang Shuai , Zou Hongyang
Published: June 2019

Studies of sustainable urban infrastructure are expanding since the United Nations proposed the concept of sustainability in 1982. The need for more sustainable urban infrastructures led to many research efforts on innovative technologies and development strategies. We analyzed research progress on sustainable urban infrastructure from 1991 to 2017 using bibliometric, keyword co‐occurrence and document cocitation network analysis. An increasing publication number suggests a rapid development of the sustainable urban infrastructure research area, but the development is still in an emerging stage. With respect to the analysis of research themes, we analyzed keyword co‐occurrence networks in the three stages of 1991‐1999, 2000‐2008, and 2009‐2017. We observed substantial expansions and intensive interconnections of research theme clusters on sustainable urban infrastructure. The themes from 2009 to 2017 include “critical infrastructure,” “urban planning and design,” “development need,” “technology innovation,” and “cyber‐physical system.” The United States produced 28.93% of the publications and played a core role in the international collaboration network. We further compared national interests among top productive countries, which highlights different priorities of investing more sustainable urban infrastructures. Finally, we presented an in‐depth analysis of four emerging technology innovations, namely, renewable energy, smart grid, green infrastructure, and cloud computing regarding research directions and challenges. Our results not only provide a valuable reference for researchers who are interested in sustainable urban infrastructures but also put forward the emphasis and orientations of future studies.
Comparison of Environmental and Mesoscale Characteristics of Two Types of Mountain‐to‐Plain Precipitation Systems in the Beijing Region, China
Authors: Xiao Xian , Sun Juanzhen , Chen Mingxuan , Qie Xiushu , Ying Zhuming , Wang Yingchun , Ji Lei
Published: June 2019

Beijing, China, is located in a region of complex terrain with high mountain ridges to the northwest and the Bohai Sea to the southeast. The origin of convective storms occurring on the plains can often be traced to the upstream mountains. Under weakly forced conditions, these convective storms most frequently evolve into squall lines (SL) and convective clusters (CC) when reaching the plains. In this study, we analyze 18 SL and 15 CC storm systems and assess their environmental and mesoscale differences between the two phenomena. By analyzing the frequency of convective occurrence for the two types of storms based on composite radar reflectivity, it is found that the high frequencies are located in the south of Beijing for SL and near the center of Beijing for CC. Using storm‐scale reanalysis data produced by a rapid update four‐dimensional variational analysis system that assimilates Doppler radar observations, distinct features of the SL and CC storms are revealed in terms of their convective environments and mesoscale structures, such as cold pool, horizontal wind convergence, and humidity distribution. It is found that low convective inhibition and high low‐level wind speed on the plains are common to both SL and CC, whereas higher vertical shear over the plains and stronger wind speed on both mountains and plains distinguishes SL from CC. We further show that the stronger wind and vertical shear in SL generate stronger and more organized downdrafts, producing a deeper cold pool, strong outflow and convergence, which explains the formation of the high‐frequency center in the south of Beijing. In contrast, the cold pool produced in CC is shallower and weaker, resulting in weaker outflow and convergence and convective activities that are located only in central Beijing.
Modeling Study of the Air Quality Impact of Record‐Breaking Southern California Wildfires in December 2017
Authors: Shi Hongrong , Jiang Zhe , Zhao Bin , Li Zhijin , Chen Yang , Gu Yu , Jiang Jonathan H. , Lee Meemong , Liou Kuo‐Nan , Neu Jessica L. , Payne Vivienne H. , Su Hui , Wang Yuan , Witek Marcin , Worden John
Published: June 2019

We investigate the air quality impact of record‐breaking wildfires in Southern California during 5–18 December 2017 using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry in combination with satellite and surface observations. This wildfire event was driven by dry and strong offshore Santa Ana winds, which played a critical role in fire formation and air pollutant transport. By utilizing fire emissions derived from the high‐resolution (375 × 375 m2) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite active fire detections, the simulated magnitude and temporal evolution of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations agree reasonably well with surface observations (normalized mean bias = 4.0%). Meanwhile, the model could generally capture the spatial pattern of aerosol optical depth from satellite observations. Sensitivity tests reveal that using a high spatial resolution for fire emissions and a reasonable treatment of plume rise (a fair split between emissions injected at surface and those lifted to upper levels) is important for achieving decent PM2.5 simulation results. Biases in PM2.5 simulation are relatively large (about 50%) during the period with the strongest Santa Ana wind, due to a possible underestimation of burning area and uncertainty in wind field variation. The 2017 December fire event increases the 14‐day averaged PM2.5 concentrations by up to 231.2 μg/m3 over the downwind regions, which substantially exceeds the U.S. air quality standards, potentially leading to adverse health impacts. The human exposure to fire‐induced PM2.5 accounts for 14–42% of the annual total PM2.5 exposure in areas impacted by the fire plumes.
A Multiscale Study on Shale Wettability: Spontaneous Imbibition Versus Contact Angle
Authors: Siddiqui Mohammed Abdul Qadeer , Chen Xiao , Iglauer Stefan , Roshan Hamid
Published: June 2019

Environmental and technical issues associated with hydraulic fracturing fluid leak‐off and its low recovery in clay‐rich shale reservoirs has challenged the energy sector. One of the main hypothesized mechanisms for the uptake of fracturing fluid is fluid imbibition due to capillary forces that are a strong function of the rock's wettability. However, shale wettability estimated by contact angle and spontaneous imbibition experiments are highly inconsistent throughout the literature. It is therefore critical to shed light on the possible reasons for such discrepancies and identify the superior technique. In order to characterize the physical processes from microscale to macroscale, the contact angles and spontaneous imbibition characteristics of shale samples were measured using aqueous ionic solutions (NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2) at different concentrations (0, 0.1, and 0.5 M) and oil (Soltrol‐130). The internal structure of the samples exposed to deionized water was imaged by three‐dimensional X‐ray micro‐computed tomography before and after spontaneous imbibition at both unconfined and confined stress states. Additionally, the structure of all samples exposed to each ionic solution was analyzed via environmental scanning electron microscopy. Experimental observations were further substantiated by combining digital image correlation with Poisson‐Boltzmann analysis to assess the hydration‐induced strains. It was shown that while spontaneous imbibition is a more realistic measurement for liquids, results obtained under unconfined condition can be highly biased due to additional forces acting (e.g., osmotic or hydration forces) and also potential microstructural alterations. Thus, spontaneous imbibition measured under reservoir stress condition is strongly recommended for shale wettability estimation.
Socioeconomic inequalities in childhood-to-adulthood BMI tracking in three British birth cohorts
Authors: Norris Tom , Bann David , Hardy Rebecca , Johnson William
Published: June 2019

Background

Body mass index (BMI) tracks from childhood-to-adulthood, but the extent to which this relationship varies across the distribution and according to socio-economic position (SEP) is unknown. We aimed to address this using data from three British cohort studies.

Methods

We used data from: 1946 National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD,n = 2470); 1958 National Child Development Study (NCDS,n = 7747); 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS,n = 5323). BMI tracking between 11 and 42 years was estimated using quantile regression, with estimates reflecting correlation coefficients. SEP disparities in tracking were investigated using a derived SEP variable based on parental education reported in childhood. This SEP variable was then interacted with the 11-year BMI z-score.

Results

In each cohort and sex, tracking was stronger at the upper end of the distribution of BMI at 42 years. For example, for men in the 1946 NSHD, the tracking estimate at the 10th quantile was 0.31 (0.20, 0.41), increasing to 0.71 (0.61, 0.82) at the 90th quantile. We observed no strong evidence of SEP inequalities in tracking in men in the 1946 and 1958 cohorts. In the 1970 cohort, however, we observed tentative evidence of stronger tracking in low SEP groups, particularly in women and at the higher end of the BMI distribution. For example, women in the 1970 cohort from low SEP backgrounds had tracking coefficients at the 50th, 70th, and 90th quantiles, which were 0.05 (−0.04; 0.15), 0.19 (0.06; 0.31), and 0.22 (0.02; 0.43) units higher, respectively, than children from high SEP groups.

Conclusion

Tracking was consistently stronger at the higher quantiles of the BMI distribution. We observed suggestive evidence for a pattern of greater BMI tracking in lower (compared to higher) SEP groups in the more recently born cohort, particularly in women and at the higher end of the BMI distribution.
Loss of transglutaminase 2 sensitizes for diet-induced obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance due to enhanced macrophage c-Src signaling
Authors: Sághy Tibor , Köröskényi Krisztina , Hegedűs Krisztina , Antal Miklós , Bankó Csaba , Bacsó Zsolt , Papp Attila , Stienstra Rinke , Szondy Zsuzsa
Published: June 2019

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a multifunctional protein that promotes clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) acting as integrin β3 coreceptor. Accumulating evidence indicates that defective efferocytosis contributes to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. Obesity is characterized by the accumulation of dead adipocytes and inflammatory macrophages in the adipose tissue leading to obesity-related metabolic syndrome. Here, we report that loss of TG2 from bone marrow-derived cells sensitizes for high fat diet (HFD)-induced pathologies. We find that metabolically activated TG2 null macrophages express more phospho-Src and integrin β3, unexpectedly clear dying adipocytes more efficiently via lysosomal exocytosis, but produce more pro-inflammatory cytokines than the wild type ones. Anti-inflammatory treatment with an LXR agonist reverts the HFD-induced phenotype in mice lacking TG2 in bone marrow-derived cells with less hepatic steatosis than in wild type mice proving enhanced lipid clearance. Thus it is interesting to speculate whether LXR agonist treatment together with enhancing lysosomal exocytosis could be a beneficial therapeutic strategy in obesity.
SARS-Coronavirus Open Reading Frame-8b triggers intracellular stress pathways and activates NLRP3 inflammasomes
Authors: Shi Chong-Shan , Nabar Neel R. , Huang Ning-Na , Kehrl John H.
Published: June 2019

The SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) outbreak was caused by a coronavirus (CoV) named the SARS-CoV. SARS pathology is propagated both by direct cytotoxic effects of the virus and aberrant activation of the innate immune response. Here, we identify several mechanisms by which a SARS-CoV open reading frame (ORF) activates intracellular stress pathways and targets the innate immune response. We show that ORF8b forms insoluble intracellular aggregates dependent on a valine at residue 77. Aggregated ORF8b induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, lysosomal damage, and subsequent activation of the master regulator of the autophagy and lysosome machinery, Transcription factor EB (TFEB). ORF8b causes cell death in epithelial cells, which is partially rescued by reducing its ability to aggregate. In macrophages, ORF8b robustly activates the NLRP3 inflammasome by providing a potent signal 2 required for activation. Mechanistically, ORF8b interacts directly with the Leucine Rich Repeat domain of NLRP3 and localizes with NLRP3 and ASC in cytosolic dot-like structures. ORF8b triggers cell death consistent with pyroptotic cell death in macrophages. While in those cells lacking NLRP3 accumulating ORF8b cytosolic aggregates cause ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and caspase-independent cell death.
Vortex Shedding Optical Flowmeter based on Photonic Crystal Fiber
Authors: Arumuru Venugopal , Dash Jitendra Narayan , Dora Dhrubaraj , Jha Rajan
Published: June 2019

In the present work we propose a PCF (photonic crystal fiber) based Modal interferometer detector for sensing low flow velocity by detecting the frequency of vortices shed from a bluff body. The proposed novel design encapsulates the interferometric arm inside a metal casing to protect the sensor from harsh process fluids. The characterization of the developed probe is conducted under no flow conditions using a piezo actuator to evaluate the sensor response over wide frequency range (0–500 Hz). The developed sensors shows a reasonably flat response in the tested frequency range. Experiments are conducted by employing the developed sensor behind a bluff body of a vortex flowmeter to measure the frequency of the shed vortices and hence, the fluid flow rate. The low flow rate sensitivity of the vortex flowmeter is improved many folds by using the present sensor and the minimum Reynolds number detected is Re = 5000. A linear trend is observed between the frequency of the vortices and the flow velocity which is desirable for fluid flow measurement. The PCF based interferometric sensor with metal encapsulation makes the vortex flowmeter, sensitive at low flow rates, robust and economical to be used in industrial application.
Positive impact of Platelet-rich plasma and Platelet-rich fibrin on viability, migration and proliferation of osteoblasts and fibroblasts treated with zoledronic acid
Authors: Steller Daniel , Herbst Nele , Pries Ralph , Juhl David , Hakim Samer G.
Published: June 2019

Bisphosphonates are frequently used for the antiresorptive treatment in bone metastasis diseases or for osteoporosis. A side effect of this therapy is osteonecrosis of the jaw. This inhibits osteoclast function, but osteoblasts and fibroblasts are also negatively affected in terms of impaired proliferation. Additive local treatment with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) promotes adhesion, proliferation and migration of cells due to high concentrations of growth factors like PDGF, TGF and IGF. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of PRP or PRF on proliferation, migration and viability of osteoblasts and oral fibroblasts, treated with zoledronic acid (ZA). ZA treated fibroblasts and osteoblasts were exposed to PRP/PRF. Cell proliferation, migration and viability were measured using the real-time cell-analyzer assay (RTCA), the scratch assay and the MTT assay. There was a significant increase in closure of the scratch area by PRP/PRF treated osteoblasts (PRP = 40.6%, PRF = 100.0%, NC = 0.0%) as well as fibroblasts (PRP = 100.0%, PRF = 100.0%, NC = 12.7%) in comparison to the group of negative control (all p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, the negative effect of ZA on cell migration was generally reduced in both cell lines using PRP/PRF. The viability and proliferation of cells decreased after exposure to ZA, whereas we observed an enhancement of cell viability within 24 hours by application of PRP/PRF in ZA treated cells. The negative effect of ZA on cell proliferation was especially reduced when using PRF. The use of PRF/PRP improves the behavior of ZA-treated cells, but PRF appears to have an advantage in comparison to PRP. This study demonstrates that treatment with PRF/PRP may have positive effects in the therapy of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ).
Author Correction: A rapid quality control test to foster the development of genetic control in mosquitoes
Authors: Culbert Nicole J. , Balestrino Fabrizio , Dor Ariane , Herranz Gustavo S. , Yamada Hanano , Wallner Thomas , Bouyer Jérémy
Published: June 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: Effects of exogenous melatonin on clinical and pathological features of a human thyroglobulin-induced experimental autoimmune thyroiditis mouse model
Authors: Lin Jiunn-Diann , Fang Wen-Fang , Tang Kam-Tsun , Cheng Chao-Wen
Published: June 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Importance of planetary rotation for ventilation processes in deep elongated lakes: Evidence from Lake Garda (Italy)
Authors: Piccolroaz Sebastiano , Amadori Marina , Toffolon Marco , Dijkstra Henk A.
Published: June 2019

Ventilation mechanisms in deep lakes are crucial for their ecosystem functioning. In this paper we show the relevance of planetary rotation in affecting ventilation processes in relatively narrow, elongated deep lakes. Through a recent field campaign in Lake Garda (Italy), we provide explicit observational evidence for the development of lake-wide wind-driven secondary flows influenced by the Coriolis force in a narrow lake. The interpretation of these observations is supported by results from numerical simulations with a three-dimensional model of the lake. The results add an additional element, often neglected in narrow lakes, to be carefully considered when assessing the response of lakes to external forcing and climate change.
Cytoplasmic sequestration of the RhoA effector mDiaphanous1 by Prohibitin2 promotes muscle differentiation
Authors: Saleh Amena , Subramaniam Gunasekaran , Raychaudhuri Swasti , Dhawan Jyotsna
Published: June 2019

Muscle differentiation is controlled by adhesion and growth factor-dependent signalling through common effectors that regulate muscle-specific transcriptional programs. Here we report that mDiaphanous1, an effector of adhesion-dependent RhoA-signalling, negatively regulates myogenesis at the level of Myogenin expression. In myotubes, over-expression of mDia1ΔN3, a RhoA-independent mutant, suppresses Myogenin promoter activity and expression. We investigated mDia1-interacting proteins that may counteract mDia1 to permit Myogenin expression and timely differentiation. Using yeast two-hybrid and mass-spectrometric analysis, we report that mDia1 has a stage-specific interactome, including Prohibitin2, MyoD, Akt2, and β-Catenin, along with a number of proteosomal and mitochondrial components. Of these interacting partners, Prohibitin2 colocalises with mDia1 in cytoplasmic punctae in myotubes. We mapped the interacting domains of mDia1 and Phb2, and used interacting (mDia1ΔN3/Phb2 FL or mDia1ΔN3/Phb2-Carboxy) and non-interacting pairs (mDia1H + P/Phb2 FL or mDia1ΔN3/Phb2-Amino) to dissect the functional consequences of this partnership on Myogenin promoter activity. Co-expression of full-length as well as mDia1-interacting domains of Prohibitin2 reverse the anti-myogenic effects of mDia1ΔN3, while non-interacting regions do not. Our results suggest that Prohibitin2 sequesters mDia1, dampens its anti-myogenic activity and fine-tunes RhoA-mDia1 signalling to promote differentiation. Overall, we report that mDia1 is multi-functional signalling effector whose anti-myogenic activity is modulated by a differentiation-dependent interactome. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD012257.
Different Synchrony in Rhythmic Movement Caused by Morphological Difference between Five- and Six-armed Brittle Stars
Authors: Wakita Daiki , Hayase Yumino , Aonuma Hitoshi
Published: June 2019

Physiological experiments and mathematical models have supported that neuronal activity is crucial for coordinating rhythmic movements in animals. On the other hand, robotics studies have suggested the importance of physical properties made by body structure, i.e. morphology. However, it remains unclear how morphology affects movement coordination in animals, independent of neuronal activity. To begin to understand this issue, our study reports a rhythmic movement in the green brittle star Ophiarachna incrassata. We found this animal moved five radially symmetric parts in a well-ordered unsynchronized pattern. We built a phenomenological model where internal fluid flows between the five body parts to explain the coordinated pattern without considering neuronal activity. Changing the number of the body parts from five to six, we simulated a synchronized pattern, which was demonstrated also by an individual with six symmetric parts. Our model suggests a different number in morphology makes a different fluid flow, leading to a different synchronization pattern in the animal.
Nuclear localization of dirhodium(ii) complexes in breast cancer cells by X-ray fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Enriquez Garcia Alejandra , Lai Barry , Gopinathan Sesha Gopal , Harris Hugh H. , Shemanko Carrie S. , Jalilehvand Farideh
Published: June 2019

X-ray fluorescence microscopy confirms the necessity of vacant axial sites in dirhodium(ii) carboxylates for their cellular uptake and cytotoxicity.
Electrocatalytic N2-to-NH3 conversion using oxygen-doped graphene: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Wang Ting , Xia Li , Yang Jia-Jia , Wang Huanbo , Fang Wei-Hai , Chen Hongyu , Tang Dianping , Asiri Abdullah M. , Luo Yonglan , Cui Ganglong , Sun Xuping
Published: June 2019

Oxygen-doped graphene acts as an efficient electrocatalyst for conversion of N2 to NH3 in 0.1 M HCl, achieving a large NH3 yield of 21.3 μg h−1 mgcat.−1 and a high FE of 12.6%.
Atomic-layer-deposition-formed sacrificial template for the construction of an MIL-53 shell to increase selectivity of hydrogenation reactions
Authors: Xu Tiantian , Sun Kai , Gao Daowei , Li Cuncheng , Hu Xun , Chen Guozhu
Published: June 2019

Metal oxides deposited using ALD were chosen as sacrificial templates to design MOF-shell-based sandwich-type structures.
Gas-driven exfoliation for producing high-quality graphene
Authors: Zhang Zhiliang , Jin Hailun , Miao Xinfeng , Ju Ting , Li Yang , Ji Jianbing
Published: June 2019

A novel simple gas-driven exfoliation method with mild operating conditions is explored for producing high-quality graphene.
Transient directing ligand- and solvent-controlled C–H/C–H cross-coupling/quaternization cyclization/dequaternization of benzaldehydes with thiophenes
Authors: Sun Denan , Du Jiping , Fang Hao , Lan Jingbo , Wu Di , You Jingsong
Published: June 2019

Rh(iii)-Catalyzed C–H/C–H cross-coupling between benzaldehydes and thiophenes has been developed to construct ortho-heteroaryl benzaldehydes, phenanthridinium- and phenanthridine-type polycycles.
Seed orientation and pulling rate effects on bubbles and strain distribution on a sapphire crystal grown by the micro-pulling down method
Authors: Bouaita R. , Alombert-Goget G. , Ghezal E. A. , Nehari A. , Benamara O. , Benchiheub M. , Cagnoli G. , Yamamoto K. , Xu X. , Motto-Ros V. , Li H. , Dujardin C. , Lebbou K.
Published: June 2019

Undoped sapphire rod crystals along different crystallographic orientations (a [112̄0], m [101̄0], c [0001] and c [0001] shifted 30° off axis) were successfully grown by the micro-pulling down (μ-PD) method.
Expanding the range of binding energies and oxidizability of biologically relevant S–aromatic interactions: imidazolium and phenolate binding to sulfoxide and sulfone
Authors: Orabi Esam A. , English Ann M.
Published: June 2019

Oxidation and protonation/deprotonation strongly impact intermolecular noncovalent interactions.
Reversible two-channel mechanochromic luminescence for a pyridinium-based white-light emitter with room-temperature fluorescence–phosphorescence dual emission
Authors: Ma Xiao , Li Jipeng , Lin Chensheng , Chai Guoliang , Xie Yangbin , Huang Wei , Wu Dayu , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: June 2019

For a pyridinium-based emitter with fluorescence–phosphorescence dual emission, mechanical grinding induces phosphorescence disappearance and mechanical pressing induces extraordinary phosphorescence enhancement.
Solvation free energiesviaalchemical simulations: let's get honest about sampling, once more
Authors: Procacci Piero
Published: June 2019

Free energy perturbation (FEP) approaches with stratification have seen widespread and increasing use in computational studies of biologically relevant molecules.
Recent advances in preparation methods for catalytic thin films and coatings
Authors: Mehla Sunil , Das Jagannath , Jampaiah Deshetti , Periasamy Selvakannan , Nafady Ayman , Bhargava Suresh K.
Published: June 2019

Advancements in the preparation methods and applications of catalytic thin films and coatings are briefly summarized.
Synthesis and structural, redox and photophysical properties of tris-(2,5-di(2-pyridyl)pyrrolide) lanthanide complexes
Authors: McPherson James N. , Abad Galan Laura , Iranmanesh Hasti , Massi Massimiliano , Colbran Stephen B.
Published: June 2019

Nine-coordinate tris(dipyridylpyrrolide)lanthanide(iii) complexes were readily obtained, and were investigated by X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and photophysical and electrochemical studies.
Novel dioxolene nickel complexes with sterically hindered diazabutadienes. Coupling of aza-ligands coordinated to nickel
Authors: Bubnov Michael P. , Cherkasov Vladimir K. , Teplova Irina A. , Druzhkov Nickolay O. , Grishin Ivan D. , Baranov Evgenii V. , Bogomyakov Artem S. , Abakumov Gleb. A.
Published: June 2019

Coupling of nickel complexes containing N,N′-disubstituted-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-diazabutadiene-1,3 occurs through the methyl group of the latter in nonpolar media in the presence of free o-quinone.
A fast and highly selective Congo red adsorption material based on a cadmium-phosphonate network
Authors: Ai Jing , Tian Hong-Rui , Min Xue , Wang Zi-Chuan , Sun Zhong-Ming
Published: June 2019

This cadmium-phosphonate network exhibited rapid and efficient adsorption of Congo red dye, as well as excellent structural stability and adsorptive recyclability.
The experimental determination of Th(iv)/Th(iii) redox potentials in organometallic thorium complexes
Authors: Inman Christopher J. , Cloke F. Geoffrey N.
Published: June 2019

ThIV/ThIII reduction wave in the cyclic voltammogram of [Th(η-C5H3{SiMe3}2)3Cl].
Magnetic Co-based carbon materials derived from core–shell metal–organic frameworks for organic contaminant elimination with peroxymonosulfates
Authors: Xia Yannan , He Junchu , Chen Shan , Gao Shiyuan , Wang Wentao , Lu Ping , Yao Yuyuan
Published: June 2019

The exploitation of highly efficient and reusable catalysts based on peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation has attracted considerable attention in the environmental catalysis field.
Collective substitutions of selective rare earths (Yb3+, Dy3+, Tb3+, Gd3+, Eu3+, Nd3+) in ZrO2: an exciting prospect for biomedical applications
Authors: Kalaivani S. , Kannan S.
Published: June 2019

Collective rare earth substitutions in ZrO2display structural and mechanical stability alongside a wide range of optical, luminescence, CT and MRI features.
Direct experimental evaluation of ligand-induced backbonding in nickel metallacyclic complexes
Authors: He Weiying , Kennepohl Pierre
Published: June 2019

The details of ligand-induced backbonding in nickel diphosphine π complexes are explored using nickel L-edge (3d←2p) X-ray absorption spectroscopy as a means of quantifying the degree of backbonding derived from direct Ni 3d donation into the π ligand.
Multi-chamber petaloid root-growth chip for the non-destructive study of the development and physiology of the fibrous root system of Oryza sativa
Authors: Chai Hui Hui , Chen Feng , Zhang Shu Jie , Li Ya Dan , Lu Zhi Song , Kang Yue Jun , Yu Ling
Published: June 2019

A multi-chamber petaloid root-growth microfluidic chip was developed for the non-destructive investigation of the effect of different drought stress conditions on the fibrous root system development of a single seedling.
Microscopic origin of highly enhanced current carrying capabilities of thin NdFeAs(O,F) films
Authors: Kauffmann-Weiss Sandra , Iida Kazumasa , Tarantini Chiara , Boll Torben , Schneider Reinhard , Ohmura Taito , Matsumoto Takuya , Hatano Takafumi , Langer Marco , Meyer Sven , Jaroszynski Jan , Gerthsen Dagmar , Ikuta Hiroshi , Holzapfel Bernhard , Hänisch Jens
Published: June 2019

The physical properties of FBS depend strongly on crystal structure, chemical composition and microstructure.
Fe(ii) and Fe(iii) dithiocarbamate complexes as single source precursors to nanoscale iron sulfides: a combined synthetic and in situ XAS approach
Authors: Roffey Anna , Hollingsworth Nathan , Islam Husn-Ubayda , Bras Wim , Sankar Gopinathan , de Leeuw Nora H. , Hogarth Graeme
Published: June 2019

Fe(ii) and Fe(iii) dithiocarbamates are precursors to a range of nanoparticulate iron sulfides and in situ studies give insight into the molecular decomposition mechanism being dominated by reductive-elimination of thiuram disulfide and amide-exchange.
Sulfamethoxazole salts: crystal structures, conformations and solubility
Authors: de Moura Oliveira Carlos H. , C. de Melo Cristiane , Doriguetto Antonio C.
Published: June 2019

Novel salts of the antibiotic sulphamethoxazole were obtained and characterized, effectively showing enhanced solubility.
Effect of carbon-skeleton isomerism on the dielectric properties and proton conduction of organic cocrystal compounds assembled from 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid and piperazine derivatives
Authors: Liang Xiaoqiang , Chen Yixiang , Wang Li , Zhang Feng , Fan Zenglu , Cao Tingting , Cao Yaya , Zhu Huifang , He Xinyue , Deng Bolin , You Yazhi , Dong Yu , Zhao Yamei
Published: June 2019

Two isostructural 2D supramolecular cocrystal compounds show different dielectric responses and proton conductivities due to the alteration of the carbon-skeleton of piperazine derivatives.
Relationship between solid state structure and solution stability of copper(ii)–hydroxypyridinecarboxylate complexes
Authors: May Nóra V. , Gál G. Tamás , Szentendrei Zsolt , Korecz László , May Zoltán , Ferlin Maria Grazia , Dean Annalisa , Bombicz Petra , Di Marco Valerio B.
Published: June 2019

More acidic –OH groups increase the solution stability of copper(ii)–hydroxypyridinecarboxylate complexes and they lose the bridging role in cyclic dimer formation.
Self-assembly with fluorescence readout in a free base dipyrrin–polymer triggered by metal ion binding in aqueous solution
Authors: Liu Rui , Vairaprakash Pothiappan , Lindsey Jonathan S.
Published: June 2019

Profound morphological and fluorogenic changes ensue upon binding of a zinc ion by two polymers, each of which bears a single dipyrrin at one terminus, forming the bis(dipyrrinato)Zn(ii) complex.
Characterization of tin-oxides and tin-formate crystals obtained from SnAgCu solder alloy under formic acid vapor
Authors: Mokhtari Omid , Conti Fosca , Bhogaraju Sri Krishna , Meier Markus , Schweigart Helmut , Tetzlaff Ulrich , Elger Gordon
Published: June 2019

Crystals of tin-oxides and tin-formates are grown from Sn–Ag–Cu alloy under formic acid vapour as used in the fluxless soldering process.
Computational prediction of chiroptical properties in structure elucidation of natural products
Authors: Grauso Laura , Teta Roberta , Esposito Germana , Menna Marialuisa , Mangoni Alfonso
Published: June 2019

A tutorial review aimed to introduce natural product chemists to the predictions of natural product configurations by ECD and OR calculations.
Delivery of drugs into brain tumors using multicomponent silica nanoparticles
Authors: Turan O. , Bielecki P. , Perera V. , Lorkowski M. , Covarrubias G. , Tong K. , Yun A. , Rahmy A. , Ouyang T. , Raghunathan S. , Gopalakrishnan R. , Griswold M. A. , Ghaghada K. B. , Peiris P. M. , Karathanasis E.
Published: June 2019

After targeting the nanoparticle to brain tumors, widespread drug delivery to the entire tumor is triggered by a radiofrequency field.
The role of conserved arginine in the GH70 family: a computational study of the structural features and their implications on the catalytic mechanism of GTF-SI fromStreptoccocus mutans
Authors: Sánchez Leslie , Mendoza Fernanda , Alderete Joel B. , Jiménez Verónica A. , Jaña Gonzalo A.
Published: June 2019

This manuscript provides novel insights into the structural and mechanistic roles of the conserved residue R475 of GTF-SI, a member of the GH70 family.
Practical preparation of diphenylmethyl ethers from 2-diphenylmethoxypyridine using catalytic iron(iii) chloride
Authors: Tran Van Hieu , La Minh Thanh , Kim Hee-Kwon
Published: June 2019

Highly efficient synthesis of diphenylmethyl ethers from alcohols and 2-diphenylmethoxypyridine in the presence of iron chloride has been developed.
Exceptional copolymerizability of o-phthalaldehyde in cationic copolymerization with vinyl monomers
Authors: Hayashi Keisuke , Kanazawa Arihiro , Aoshima Sadahito
Published: June 2019

o-Phthalaldehyde is copolymerized via the unique active species, which allows the controlled copolymerization with alkyl vinyl ethers, alternating copolymerization, and copolymerization with sterically hindered nonhomopolymerizable vinyl monomers.
Degradation of methylene blue with magnetic Co-doped Fe3O4@FeOOH nanocomposites as heterogeneous catalysts of peroxymonosulfate
Authors: Wang Kai , Yang Yi , Zhang Tian C. , Liang Ying , Wang Qingguo
Published: June 2019

Magnetic Co-doped Fe3O4@FeOOH nanocomposites were prepared in one step using the hydrothermal synthesis process for catalyzing peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade refractory methylene blue (MB) at a wide pH range (3.0–10.0).
2D nanoporous Ni(OH)2 film as an electrode material for high-performance energy storage devices
Authors: Tian Jinjun , Xue Yan , Yu Xinping , Pei Yuanchao , Zhang Hucheng , Wang Jianji
Published: June 2019

A two-dimensional (2D) nanoporous Ni(OH)2 film was successfully developed from triethanolamine (TEA) as the alkali source and soft template using a scalable hydrothermal technique.
One-pot one-step synthesis of Au@SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles and their shell-thickness-dependent fluorescent properties
Authors: Zhang Shan , Xu Xiaochuan , Zhang Guoyu , Liu Bin , Yang Jianhui
Published: June 2019

Au@SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles with tunable Au core size and silica shell thickness were prepared by a facile one-pot one-step method.
Electrochemical monitoring of ROS influence on seedlings and germination response to salinity stress of three species of the tribe Inuleae
Authors: Doménech-Carbó Antonio , Cervelló-Bulls Paula , González José Miguel , Soriano Pilar , Estrelles Elena , Montoya Noemí
Published: June 2019

Voltammetric data of extracts from inula leaves provide kinetic information on the reactivity of plant components with ROS.
An investigation of Li2TiO3–coke composite anode material for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Youlin , Li Wensheng , Zhou Xiaoping
Published: June 2019

Anode material Li2TiO3–coke was prepared and tested for lithium-ion batteries. The as-prepared material exhibits excellent cycling stability and outstanding rate performance.
Chemical strategies to modify amyloidogenic peptides using iridium(iii) complexes: coordination and photo-induced oxidation
Authors: Kang Juhye , Nam Jung Seung , Lee Hyuck Jin , Nam Geewoo , Rhee Hyun-Woo , Kwon Tae-Hyuk , Lim Mi Hee
Published: June 2019

Effective chemical strategies, i.e., coordination and coordination-/photo-mediated oxidation, are rationally developed towards modification of amyloidogenic peptides and subsequent control of their aggregation and toxicity.
Poly(ionic liquid)s as a distinct receptor material to create a highly-integrated sensing platform for efficiently identifying numerous saccharides
Authors: Zhang Wanlin , Li Yao , Liang Yun , Gao Ning , Liu Chengcheng , Wang Shiqiang , Yin Xianpeng , Li Guangtao
Published: June 2019

A highly-integrated sphere-based sensing platform for directly identifying numerous saccharides very efficiently is developed.
Surface heterogeneity affects percolation and gelation of colloids: dynamic simulations with random patchy spheres
Authors: Wang Gang , Swan James W.
Published: June 2019

Surface heterogeneity of colloidal particles has a significant impact on their structure in solution and their rheological properties.
Retardation of the reaction kinetics of polymers due to entanglement in the post-gel stage in multi-chain slip-spring simulations
Authors: Masubuchi Yuichi , Uneyama Takashi
Published: June 2019

The retardation in the apparent reaction rate in the network formation of polymers is a long-standing problem. We have tackled this issue by a coarse-grained model to clarify the effect of entanglement between polymers.
TBAB additive for inorganic CsPbI2.4Br0.6 perovskite solar cells with efficiency beyond 15%
Authors: Jia Xue , Liu Ling , Fang Zhimin
Published: June 2019

A simple additive method, adding tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) into the CsPbI2.4Br0.6 precursor solution, was developed. Solar cells with a structure of ITO/SnO2/ZnO/perovskite/PTAA/MoO3/Ag were made, giving an impressive PCE of 15.21%.