bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Successful diagnosis using a precutting method for intra‐ampullary carcinoma of Vater
Authors: Maruyama Hirotsugu , Nagami Yasuaki , Fujiwara Yasuhiro
Published: May 2022

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Pattern of oral and maxillofacial trauma and associated factors: An 8‐year prospective study
Authors: Porto Damião Edgleys , da Silva Barbirato Davi , Cavalcanti Alessandro Leite , de Souza Andrade Emanuel Sávio
Published: May 2022

Background/Aims

Oral and maxillofacial trauma (OMFT) is a public health problem due to its high occurrence and demand for resources for its management and the financial and social impact of OMFT victims on the health system. The aim of this study was to conduct an 8‐year prospective analysis of OMFT cases from an emergency service.

Materials and Methods

A hospital‐based 8‐year prospective study on OMFT and associated factors was performed on data from December 2011 to December 2019. Data regarding sociodemographic (gender, age, and skin color) and socio‐economic profiles (educational level, family income, and occupation), OMFT profile (etiology, OMFT type, and treatment), associated factors [alcohol consumption and personal protective equipment (PPE) use], OMFT occurrence (injury day and hour), length of hospital stay, and cost were collected. Descriptive and inferential analyses of data were performed.

Results

Most OMFT cases involved men with low schooling and family income, resulting from traffic accidents. OMFT severity was associated with longer hospital stay, higher hospital costs and nonuse of PPE, midface fractures (mainly orbital‐zygomatic fractures), closed reduction, and open reduction/internal fixation. Traffic accidents were the main cause of longer hospital stays for victims aged 41–60 years with better socio‐economic status compared with cases that had higher hospital costs. In general, higher hospital costs were associated with victims of violence under 40 years of age, with low schooling and farmers. Alcohol consumption and non‐use of PPE also contributed to increasing the length of hospital stay.

Conclusion

Oral and maxillofacial trauma severity was associated with longer hospital stay and higher hospital costs. Associated factors such as alcohol consumption and non‐use of PPE contributed to increase the length of hospital stay and OMFT severity.
MicroRNA‐27a‐3p relieves inflammation and neurologic impairment after cerebral ischaemia reperfusion via inhibiting lipopolysaccharide induced TNF factor and the TLR4/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Luo Jing , Li Junjie , Xiong Li , Fan Linna , Peng Lijia , Yang Yuan , Lu Di , Shao Jianlin
Published: May 2022

Cerebral ischaemia reperfusion (CIR) affects microRNA (miR) expression and causes substantial inflammation. Here, we investigated the influence and underlying mechanism of miR‐27a‐3p in rats with CIR. First, biliverdin treatment relieved cerebral infarction and decreased the levels of serum interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α. Through our previous study, we found key miR‐27a‐3p and its targeted gene LITAF might involve in the molecular mechanism of CIR. Then, the regulation between miR‐27a‐3p and LITAF was verified by the temporal miR‐27a‐3p and LITAF expression profiles and luciferase assay. Moreover, intracerebroventricular injection of the miR‐27a‐3p mimic significantly decreased the LITAF, TLR4, NF‐κB, and IL‐6 levels at 24 h post‐surgery, whereas miR‐27a‐3p inhibitor reversed these effects. Furthermore, miR‐27a‐3p mimic could relieve cerebral infarct and neurologic deficit after CIR. In addition, injection of miR‐27a‐3p mimic decreased neuronal damage induced by CIR. Taken together, our results suggest that miR‐27a‐3p protects against CIR by relieving inflammation, neuronal damage, and neurologic deficit via regulating LITAF and the TLR4/NF‐κB pathway.
Latency of poststroke epilepsy can predict drug resistance
Authors: Lattanzi Simona , Trinka Eugen , Turcato Gianni , Rinaldi Claudia , Cagnetti Claudia , Foschi Nicoletta , Broggi Serena , Norata Davide , Brigo Francesco , Silvestrini Mauro
Published: May 2022

Background and Purpose

The progressive nature of epileptogenesis raises the question of whether the latent period may already carry information about the characteristics of the subsequent epilepsy. This study aimed to explore whether the time from stroke to epilepsy onset was related to the risk of drug resistance in patients with poststroke epilepsy (PSE).

Methods

Patients with epilepsy secondary to cerebral infarct or spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage were included. Study outcome was the occurrence of drug resistance defined as failure of adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately chosen and used antiseizure medication schedules to achieve sustained seizure freedom.

Results

One hundred fifty‐nine patients with PSE and a median follow‐up of 5 (interquartile range [IQR] = 3–9) years were included. In the study cohort, 29 (18.2%) participants were drug resistant. The median length of the time interval between stroke and PSE onset was 13 (IQR = 7–15) months in drug‐resistant patients and 19 (IQR = 14–42) months (p < 0.001) in patients with seizure control. According to multivariable regression analysis, the time from stroke to PSE was an independent predictor of drug resistance (p < 0.001). The risk of drug resistance was highest when the onset of PSE occurred within the first months from stroke and decreased progressively with a steeper decline over the first 12 months.

Conclusions

Substantial variability may exist in the pathways leading to PSE and distinguish patients with a variable risk of drug resistance.
New treatments and new assessment instruments for Hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: van Straalen Kelsey R. , Ingram John R. , Augustin Matthias , Zouboulis Christos C.
Published: May 2022

Research interest in Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) has grown exponentially over the past decades. Several groups have worked to develop novel scores that address the drawbacks of existing investigator‐assessed and patient‐reported outcome measures currently used in HS trials, clinical practice and research. In clinical trial settings, the drawbacks of the HiSCR have become apparent; mainly, it is lack of a dynamic measurement of draining tunnels. The newly developed (dichotomous) IHS4 and HASI‐R are backed up by adequate validation data and are good contenders to become the new primary outcome measure in HS clinical trials. Patient‐reported outcomes, as well as physician reported measures, are being developed by the HIdradenitis SuppuraTiva cORe outcomes set International Collaboration (HISTORIC). For example, the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Quality of Life (HiSQOL) score is a validated measure of HS‐specific quality of life and is already being used in many HS trials. Magnitude of pain measurement via a 0–10 numerical rating scale is well‐established; however, consensus is still required to ensure consistent administration and interpretation of the instrument. A longitudinal measurement over multiple days rather than at one time point, such as for example the Pain Index could provide increased reliability and reduced recall bias. Ultimately, these newly developed scores and tools can be included in a standardized registry to be used in routine clinical practice.
High‐rise plastic: Socio‐material entanglements in apartments
Authors: Horne Ralph , Dorignon Louise , Middha Bhavna
Published: May 2022

Plastic is a persistent problem in westernised cities. Yet it is also a key mediator, affording and assisting the everyday. In small apartments, it supports daily life by assisting with waste management, storage, and provisioning of affordable ornaments and furniture. Plastic, in this context, is a mundane and utilitarian substrate to apartment life, as well as being a problematic potential pollutant. Recognising the diverse contributions to research on high‐density living, this paper draws on vertical urbanism and relational ideas of home. It explores the socio‐material entanglements of plastic in apartments through household interviews across Melbourne, London, Barcelona, and Perth. The research reveals ways in which plastic mediates the material inequalities of high‐rise living, typified by entanglements of space constraint, transience, and waste management. The contribution is twofold. Theoretically, our work suggests a direction for socio‐materialities research in reframing ideas of home as a static, physical site, to one that is more contingent materially and spatially. As various households adapt and make do, their refuges in the sky are being reconfigured physically and symbolically by and through plastic. Relational approaches can help to reveal the mundane but critical entanglements of plastic and everyday life in apartments. Second, empirically, we show that mundane infrastructures matter; they shape the spaces and places of plastic and apartment inequalities. Thus, policy interventions that target household behaviours can only have a marginal impact on plastic consumption where uneven infrastructures remain. Moreover, they may direct attention away from where change might be more promising, such as wider social rules and meanings around plastic, and the materialities of building design/management for waste infrastructures both inside and outside the apartment.
Deep care: The COVID‐19 pandemic and the work of marginal feminist organizing in India
Authors: Banerjee Pallavi , Khandelwal Chetna , Sanyal Megha
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we adopt a Southern feminist epistemology to critically appraise the ways in which media discourse on gendered organizing during the Indian COVID‐19‐induced migrant crisis resists or reinforces hegemonic caste hierarchies. To contextualize this work, we briefly historicize scholarship on feminist organizing around land rights, hunger, and violence, while noting the politics of contagion and pollution narratives plaguing the pandemic discourse in India. After conducting a qualitative content analysis (QCA) followed by a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of media discourses across three tiers (international, national, and local), we found that international and national tiers of discourse largely deployed a savarna gaze that worked to 1) Reinforce brahminical and technocratic pandemic narratives and 2) Delegitimize Dalit marginal organizing feminist work and Dalit sensibilities through seven overlapping metrics of erasure. On the other hand, local tier of discourse confronted the savarna gaze, amplified voices of Dalit and Muslim women by centering their narratives of resistance, and tackled the exacerbation of casteist oppression under the pandemic in the service of emancipation. Local discourses also highlight how marginal organizing during the first pandemic lockdown involved provision of essential resources and services (food, medical care, security) for mostly Dalit and Muslim migrant workers, and women intersectionally facing domestic violence and savarna violence. Despite the brahmininal structural oppression, Dalit feminist praxis' emblematic resistance of oppressive structures, during and beyond times of crisis, constitutes what we call the work of deep care.
Treatment of advanced ovarian cancer with carboplatin and paclitaxel in a patient undergoing hemodialysis: Case report and literature review
Authors: Yang Qing , Han Enhong , Xu Shanshan , Xu Yongxing , Gao Jianjun
Published: May 2022

A 69‐year‐old woman under maintenance hemodialysis was diagnosed with advanced ovarian cancer. We treated the patient with combination chemotherapy using paclitaxel and carboplatin. She experienced grade 4 thrombopenia on day 8 of the third course. The area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) of platinum was 3.5 mg/ml·min. The interval between chemotherapy and hemodialysis was shortened starting with the fourth course. The AUC of platinum was then found to be 1.8 mg/ml·min. After seven courses of chemotherapy, the patient's CA 125 serum level dropped from 1317 to 42.6 U/ml. Nevertheless, the patient presented with long periods of severe myelosuppression. In patients on hemodialysis receiving such chemotherapy, the AUC of each cycle should be closely monitored and the dialysis schedule should be adjusted as need to reduce the risk of bone marrow suppression.
THE NEUTRALITY OF NOMINAL RATES: HOW LONG IS THE LONG RUN?
Authors: Valle e Azevedo João , Ritto João , Teles Pedro
Published: May 2022

We revisit the empirical relationship between policy interest rates and inflation aimed at understanding the reasons for persistently low inflation in Japan and the euro area and why monetary policy has been unable to raise it. We document the long‐run positive relationship between nominal rates and inflation across countries and across time. We also find that a permanent rise in nominal rates leads to an increase in inflation, also in the short run. These findings suggest that the low inflation outcomes are a result of policy rates being kept too low for too long.
The influence of Chinese herbal medicines on cancer‐related pressure ulcer wound, fatigue, constipation, and anorexia: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Han , Liu Huan
Published: May 2022

We performed a meta‐analysis to evaluate the influence of Chinese herbal medicines on cancer‐related pressure ulcer wounds, fatigue, constipation, and anorexia. A systematic literature search up to March 2022 was done and 25 studies included 1777 subjects with cancer‐related symptoms at the start of the study; 953 of them were provided with Chinese herbal medicines and 824 were control. They were reporting relationships about the influence of Chinese herbal medicines on cancer‐related pressure ulcer wounds, fatigue, constipation, and anorexia. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the influence of Chinese herbal medicines on cancer‐related pressure ulcer wounds, fatigue, constipation, and anorexia using the dichotomous method with a random or fixed‐effect model. Chinese herbal medicines had significantly higher effectiveness in treating pressure ulcer wound (OR, 5.94; 95% CI, 3.94‐8.95, P < .001), fatigue (OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.78‐4.41, P < .001), and effectiveness on treating constipation (OR, 2.59; 95% CI, 1.57‐4.25, P < .001) compared to control in subjects with cancer‐related symptoms. However, Chinese herbal medicines had no significant effect on treating anorexia (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 0.61‐4.66, P = .31) compared to control in subjects with cancer‐related symptoms. Chinese herbal medicines had significantly higher effectiveness in treating pressure ulcer wound, treating pressure ulcer wound, fatigue, and constipation compared to control in subjects with cancer‐related symptoms. However, Chinese herbal medicines had no significant effect on the effectiveness of treating anorexia compared to control in subjects with cancer‐related symptoms. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
The market value of decomposed carbon emissions
Authors: Ott Christian , Schiemann Frank
Published: May 2022

We introduce the decomposition of carbon emissions into an expected and an unexpected component and analyze the association between these components and firm value. The expected component captures a firm's average carbon emissions inherent to its business model and operating environment. The unexpected component, meaning the firm‐specific deviation from expected carbon emissions, reflects the management's effort and ability to implement carbon management and actively influence carbon emissions. For a sample of US firms operating in carbon‐intensive industries, we estimate the expected component using a regression of carbon emissions on firm characteristics and industry. The residual of this regression represents the unexpected component. The results reveal that, on average, investors attach value to both components. While investors consider the expected component to be relevant regardless of assurance, they consider the unexpected component to be more relevant in the presence of assurance. The assurance alleviates credibility concerns about the information content of the unexpected component. Additionally, we confirm the nomological validity of our measure of the unexpected component, as it is negatively related to indicators of better carbon management systems.
Cross‐border mergers and acquisitions and corporate social responsibility: Evidence from Chinese listed firms
Authors: Li Zhe , Wang Ping
Published: May 2022

This study examines the impact of cross‐border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) on acquirers’ corporate social responsibility (CSR). Based on a sample of Chinese listed firms, we find that firms with cross‐border M&A activities experience an improvement in subsequent CSR performance. Specifically, the CSR rating is approximately 8.24% higher in firms with cross‐border M&As than in those without such activities. We also find that this positive influence is more pronounced in firms with low initial CSR ratings than in those with high initial CSR ratings at the time when a cross‐border M&A deal is completed. Additional analyses reveal that this positive effect is mainly driven by the target firms from countries with high social preference relative to China and that the enhancement in CSR driven by cross‐border M&As translates into higher operating performance and easier access to finance. Overall, our findings demonstrate that cross‐border M&As can serve as a critical channel for acquirers from a country with low institutional quality to build a better reputation through environmentally friendly behaviour and socially responsible engagement, and therefore gain capital market benefits.
A database of the morphology, ecology and literature of the world's limb‐reduced skinks
Authors: Camaiti Marco , Evans Alistair R. , Hipsley Christy A. , Hutchinson Mark N. , Meiri Shai , Anderson Rodolfo O. , Slavenko Alex , Chapple David G.
Published: May 2022

Aim

Limb‐reduced squamates are a convenient model system to investigate macroevolutionary trends in morphology. Here, we provide morphological, ecological and literature data on all known species of limb‐reduced skinks (Scincidae) and their relatives, representing one of the most diverse and widely distributed groups of limb‐reduced squamates.

Location

Global.

Taxon

Skinks (Reptilia, Squamata: Scincidae). Limb‐reduced forms.

Methods

Morphological data were sourced from the primary literature, spanning a period of over 150 years. Linear body measurements were averaged across all values in the literature, preserving proportionality to body length. For digits and presacral vertebrae, we used maximum recorded counts. Ecological and biogeographical data were sourced from habitat assessments in the primary literature, online databases and field guides. Literature data were sorted according to type of study. To exemplify the applicability of the database, we used Markov‐chain ordered models to estimate the evolutionary frequency of limb reduction and loss in skinks.

Results

We find evidence of limb reduction and loss in a total of 394 species worldwide, representing ~23% of all skink species, and ~30% of genera. The distribution of limb‐reduced and limbless forms differs from that of fully limbed forms, as they are present in all biogeographic realms with the almost complete exclusion of the Americas. We estimate that limb reduction evolved more than 50 times in skinks, and that loss of at least one limb pair evolved at least 24 times.

Main conclusions

The dataset captures a broad spectrum of morphological and ecological variation in a large, globally distributed taxonomic group. It establishes a widely applicable definition of limb reduction based on limb proportions as a reference for future studies. Such an extensive collection of morphological and ecological data can pave the way for investigations of dramatic morphological transitions and their ecological drivers at a global and local scale.
Thirty‐five years of the Journal of Computer Assisted Learning: A bibliometric overview
Authors: Akturk Ahmet Oguz
Published: May 2022

Background

Journal of Computer Assisted Learning (JCAL), which started its publication life in 1985, is a leading international journal in the field of computer and instructional technologies and celebrated its 35th anniversary in 2020.

Objectives

This study aims to provide a bibliometric overview of leading publication and citation trends of JCAL over the past 35 years. In order to achive the aim of the study, metadata of all the articles (N = 1305) published in the journal in this process were obtained from the Scopus database.

Methods

The study includes JCALs bibliometric analyses such as the total number of articles and citations, h‐index, citations per paper, citations per year, citation thresholds, average number of citations per year and annual citation counts between 1985 and 2020. In addition, the study presents visual maps based on citation, co‐citation, bibliographic coupling, co‐authorship and co‐occurrence of author keywords with a bibliometric mapping analysis performed with VOSviewer software.

Results and Conclusions

The results indicate that JCAL has become one of the leading journals over time in the field of computer and instructional technologies, as indicated by citation counts of articles published in JCAL, receiving citations from publications in esteemed journals, and publishing international rigorous work. Additionally, researchers who have published in JCAL in recent years have directed their attention to subjects such as learning analytics, massive open online courses (MOOCs), multimedia learning, game‐based learning, blended learning, online learning, mobile learning and virtual reality.

Implications

Further investigation of the scientific collaboration of authors who conduct research in different disciplines related to education, topics and education levels may yield more diverse perspectives.
How does stigma influence depressive symptoms among women who underwent termination of pregnancy for foetal anomaly: A path analysis
Authors: Li Xi , Peng Huiting , Hu Siqing , Xie Jiaying , Qin Chunxiang
Published: May 2022

Aim and Objectives

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect and paths of stigma on depressive symptoms in women who underwent termination of pregnancy for foetal anomaly (TOPFA).

Background

Stigma may cause distress and depressive symptoms for women with TOPFA. However, few studies have examined the relationship between stigma and depression in women with TOPFA.

Design

This study followed the STROBE checklist. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 469 women with TOPFA. The path analysis used hierarchical multiple regression and structural equation model to examine the mediating role of social support and psychological flexibility on the relationship between stigma and depressive symptoms.

Results

Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed the mediation effect of psychological flexibility between stigma and depressive symptoms. By contrast, social support did not present such effect. The structural equation model confirmed that stigma, directly and indirectly, affected depressive symptoms.

Discussion

Many women with TOPFA have severe depressive symptoms and that stigma is an important influencing factor. Psychological flexibility plays an essential role in mitigating the effects of stigma on depressive symptoms.

Relevance to clinical practice

Healthcare professionals should focus on measuring and intervening on stigma and psychological flexibility for alleviating the depressive symptoms of women with TOPFA.

No Patient or Public Contribution.
Co‐Development of Adolescents' Cooperative and Competitive Attitudes: How it Predicts Mental Health and Academic Achievement
Authors: Lee You‐kyung , Kim Eun Ha , Seo Eunjin
Published: May 2022

This study used nationally representative longitudinal data in South Korea to examine how joint changes in adolescents' (N = 7324; Mage ≈ 11 years) cooperative and competitive attitudes from sixth to ninth grade relate to mental health and achievement in 10th grade. The parallel process model showed that both cooperative and competitive attitudes declined over time. Higher cooperative attitudes at baseline indicated higher competitive attitudes, and a faster decline in cooperative attitudes indicated a faster decline in competitive attitudes. The intercept of cooperative attitudes was positively related to mental health but negatively related to achievement. Opposite patterns were found for the intercept of competitive attitudes. These findings highlight the usefulness of considering the co‐development of cooperative and competitive attitudes.
Sensorial, textural, and nutritional attributes of coconut sugar and cocoa solids based “bean‐to‐bar” dark chocolate
Authors: Beegum P.P Shameena , Pandiselvam Ravi , S.V. Ramesh , P Sugatha , Nooh Arifa , S Neenu , Gupta Alka , Varghese Eldho , Balasubramanian D. , Apshara Elain S. , Manikantan Musuvadi Ramarathinam , Hebbar Kukkehalli Balachandra
Published: May 2022

The impacts of cocoa solids and coconut sugar on the sensory perception of bean‐to‐bar dark chocolate were investigated with mixture design using response surface methodology. The maximum and minimum levels of cocoa nib, cocoa butter, and coconut sugar for the preparation of chocolate were 35–50%, 15–30%, and 20–35%, respectively. A suitable mathematical model was used to evaluate each response. Maximum and minimum levels of components caused a poor sensory acceptance of the resultant dark chocolate. The optimum level of independent variables, for the best set of responses, was 44.7% cocoa nib, 25.2% cocoa butter, and 30.2% coconut sugar, with a hedonic score of 8.28 for appearance, 8.64 for mouth feel, 8.71 for texture, 8.68 for taste, and 8.51 for overall acceptability, at a desirability of 0.86. The minimum time for grinding the chocolate mix was 24 hour, which was evident from the microscopic analysis of the chocolate mix. The optimized chocolate (70% dark) per 100 g constitutes 1.06 g moisture, 50.09 g crude fat, 10.37 g crude protein, 35.90 g carbohydrates, and 2.55 g ash content. The L, a, b values indicated a darker color and was stable under ambient condition with a hardness value of 59.52 N, which significantly decreased to 16.23 N within 10 min at ambient temperature (30 ± 2°C). The addition of coconut sugar along with cocoa solids incorporates polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidant potential, and minerals into bean‐to‐bar dark chocolate and hence offers a commercial value and health potential for stakeholders.
Secreted hepatitis B virus splice variants differ by HBV genotype and across phases of chronic hepatitis B infection
Authors: Maslac Olivia , Wagner Josef , Sozzi Vitina , Mason Hugh , Svarovskaia Jenny , Tan Susanna , Gaggar Anuj , Locarnini Stephen , Yuen Lilly , Littlejohn Margaret , Revill Peter A.
Published: May 2022

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is characterized by progression through different phases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and disease. Although not necessary for HBV replication, there is increasing evidence that HBV splice variants are associated with liver disease progression and pathogenesis. However, there have been no studies till date on the frequency or diversity of splice variants for different HBV genotypes across the phases of CHB. Next generation sequencing data from 404 patient samples of HBV genotype A, B, C or D in Phase I, Phase II or Phase IV of CHB was analysed for HBV splice variants using an in house bioinformatics pipeline. HBV splice variants differed in frequency and type by genotype and phase of natural history. Splice variant Sp1 was the most frequently detected (206/404, 51% of patients), followed by Sp13 (151/404 37% of patients). The frequency of variants was generally highest in Phase II (123/165, 75% of patients), a phase typically associated with enhanced immune activation, followed by Phase I (69/99, 70% of patients). Splice variants were associated with reduced hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) levels and statistically reduced likelihood of achieving HBsAg loss (functional cure) in Phase II patients for Sp1 and Sp13 (p = .0014 and .0156, respectively). The frequency of HBV splice variants in patient serum differed markedly by HBV genotype and phase of CHB natural history. The increased levels of HBV splice variants detected in CHB phase II patients compared with the higher replicative Phase I in particular warrants further investigation.
Prognostic impact of preoperative Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ito Yu , Abe Atsushi , Hayashi Hiroki , Momokita Moeko , Furuta Hiroshi
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To investigate the prognostic impact of preoperative Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) values in older adults undergoing radical surgery for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Subjects and methods

This retrospective study included 61 patients ≥65 years old with OSCC (43 men, 18 women; age: 72.1 ± 5.4 years) who underwent radical surgery between 2013 and 2020. Factors influencing overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) were examined.

Results

Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the optimal GNRI value for classifying patients into low‐GNRI (<93.7; OS: n = 19 [31.1%], DFS: n = 42 [68.9%]) and high‐GNRI groups (≥93.7; OS, n = 19 [31.1%]; DFS, n = 42 [68.9%]) was 93.7. OS and DFS rates were significantly lower in the low‐GNRI group than in the high‐GNRI group. Univariate analysis indicated that alcohol use, preoperative serum C‐reactive protein level, lymphatic invasion, postoperative treatment, and GNRI were significantly correlated with OS, while lymphatic invasion, postoperative treatment, and GNRI were significantly correlated with DFS. In multivariate analysis, only GNRI was significantly correlated with OS. DFS and postoperative treatment were independent predictors of DFS.

Conclusions

Preoperative GNRI may be a significant prognostic factor in older adults with OSCC. GNRI assessment and nutritional intervention may improve prognosis in patients at high nutritional risk.
A rare cause of syncope in patients with situs inversus totalis and corrected transposition of the great arteries: Very late lead perforation
Authors: Kuş Görkem , Çağırcı Göksel , Üreyen Çağın Mustafa , Ersoysal Rıdvan , Arslan Şakir
Published: May 2022

Situs inversus c‐TGA refers to a complex anatomical malformation. The risk of developing AV block increases by 2% per year. Pacemaker lead perforation is a rare but serious complication after pacemaker implantation and that develops more than 1 month is defined as late lead perforation. Here, we presented a case of very late lead perforation that occurred 5 years later after pacemaker implantation in a patient with congenital heart disease who had pacemaker due to AV block. Even in the late period, this complication should be kept in mind in patients with a pacemaker who present with syncope.
Severe acne and its variants: Exploring its natural history and heritability
Authors: Greywal Tanya , Kusari Ayan , Han Allison M. , Borok Jenna , Proudfoot James A. , Ahluwalia Jusleen , Friedlander Sheila Fallon
Published: May 2022

Background

Acne vulgaris varies in clinical severity, from minimal comedonal disease to severe hemorrhagic and ulcerative lesions with scarring. While a family history confers a higher risk for developing acne, the correlation between heritability and clinical severity remains unclear.

Objective

To examine the natural history and heritability of severe acne with scarring in patients undergoing isotretinoin therapy.

Methods

A total of 101 subjects with severe acne with scarring and its variants, including acne conglobata and acne fulminans, were enrolled. All subjects and adult family members underwent an interview regarding their acne, and a corresponding “historical” Investigator's Global Assessment (hIGA) score (0 = clear, 1 = almost clear, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe, 5 = very severe) was assigned. Study assessors performed an “examination” Investigator's Global Assessment (eIGA) based on the clinical examination of each subject (0 = clear, 1 = almost clear, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe, 5 = very severe). A detailed family history and pedigree were documented.

Results

Most subjects were Caucasian (44.5%) and male (79.2%) who had previously used doxycycline and/or minocycline (86.1%). The mean eIGA and hIGA scores were 2.7 and 4.4, respectively. 37.2% of subjects had one first‐degree relative with a history of moderate or severe acne with scarring; of note, of the patients with hemorrhagic disease, 30% had at least one parent with moderate or severe acne.

Conclusions

Severe forms of acne often “cluster” in families, underscoring the heritable nature of acne and the prognostic value of a family history of moderate or severe disease.
Low post‐transplant measles and varicella titers among pediatric liver transplant recipients: A 10‐year single‐center study
Authors: Liman Andrew Y. J. , Wozniak Laura J. , de St Maurice Annabelle , Dunkel Gregory L. , Wanlass Emy M. , Venick Robert S. , McDiarmid Sue V.
Published: May 2022

Background

Vaccine preventable illnesses are important sources of morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs in pediatric LT recipients. Our aim was to measure the seroprevalence of antibodies to measles and VZV in this population.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective chart review of 44 patients who received LT before age 18 at UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital from January 2008 to December 2017.

Results

Median age at transplantation was 2.5 years (IQR 1.2–7.7). Post‐transplant measles antibodies were present in 17 of 37 patients (46%); risk factors for seronegativity included younger age at transplant (p = .02) and greater time from transplant to testing (p = .04). Post‐transplant VZV antibodies were present in 17 of 39 patients (44%); risk factors for seronegativity included greater time from transplant to testing (p = .04). 6 of 16 patients (38%) who tested positive for pre‐transplant VZV antibodies tested negative after transplantation. Fourteen of 20 patients (70%) with at least 1 documented dose of the MMR vaccine tested positive for post‐transplant measles antibodies. Ten of 20 of patients (50%) with at least 1 documented dose of the VZV vaccine tested positive for post‐transplant VZV antibodies. We also describe 10 patients who received post‐transplant measles and VZV vaccines without documented complications.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that pediatric LT patients are at greater risk of contracting measles and VZV despite vaccination status, and that prevalence of measles and VZV antibodies decreases as time from transplantation increases. This should weigh into the institutional risk–benefit assessment when deciding whether or not to administer LAVs to these patients.
Choose your collaborators wisely: Addressing interdependent tasks through collaboration in responding to wildfire disasters
Authors: Bodin Örjan , Guerrero Angela M. , Nohrstedt Daniel , Baird Julia , Summers Robert , Plummer Ryan , Jasny Lorien
Published: May 2022

Responding to disastrous wildfires traversing geographical scales requires multi‐actor collaboration to address a series of interdependent operational tasks. While this type of distributed collective action problem is salient across governance contexts, less is known about if and how collaboration helps individual actors effectively address their tasks. Applying a novel network‐centric method to wildfire responder networks in Canada and Sweden, this study shows that when actors working on the same tasks collaborate, and/or when one actor addresses two interdependent tasks, effectiveness increases. The number of collaborative ties an actor has with others does not enhance effectiveness. Furthermore, when the chain of command is unclear, and/or when actors lack recent disaster management experience and/or pre‐existing collaborative relationships, effectiveness only increases if multiple actors collaborate over multiple interdependent tasks. The results have implications for disaster response agencies, and they provide valuable insights for collaborative responses to significant societal and environmental challenges.
Progesterone supplementation to improve fertility of selected subgroups of lactating cows during the summer and fall
Authors: Roth Zvi , Shiff Omri , Lavon Yaniv , Kalo Dorit , Wolfenson David
Published: May 2022

One major cause of low fertility of cows in the summer is progesterone deficiency. We found that insertion of a controlled intravaginal drug‐releasing (CIDR) device containing progesterone after artificial insemination (AI) increases pregnancy per AI (P/AI) in cows with uterine disease and low body condition score after calving. Here, we treated only these two subgroups, during the summer and autumn. Control (n = 191 AI) and treatment (n = 230 AI) cows were inseminated at estrus and the treated group received a CIDR device on day 5 post‐AI, for 14 days. Overall analysis of data during the summer and autumn indicated no significant differences between treatment and control groups. Analysis of the summer data only indicated a significant effect of treatment: P/AI was higher in CIDR‐treated vs. control groups (34.2% vs. 19.3%; p < .038). Results indicated a 15% increase in P/AI during the summer for CIDR‐treated cows in subgroups that had responded positively to the progesterone treatment.
Forest restoration is more than firing seeds from a drone
Authors: Castro Jorge , Morales‐Rueda Fernando , Alcaraz‐Segura Domingo , Tabik Siham
Published: May 2022

We are witnessing a rapid increase in news sending the message that drone seeding is a promising technological solution to implement forest restoration at large spatial scales. However, there are neither reports regarding success nor peer‐reviewed studies to support these assertions. Once in the ground, the seeds and the seedlings and saplings that they generate have to face biotic and abiotic hazards that can strongly reduce regeneration potential. Successful forest restoration, therefore, cannot be achieved by simply dropping seeds from the air. We summarize some aspects to take into account before considering drone seeding as an efficient and widely applicable technology for forest restoration. A first step should be to increase the precision of drone seeding—contrary to the current massive firing of seeds—in order to concentrate the efforts in the best microsites for establishment and reduce the number of seeds needed and the cost of the whole operation.
Reaching the Goal: Superior Navigators in Late Adulthood Provide a Novel Perspective into Successful Cognitive Aging
Authors: Zhou Ruojing , Belge Tuğçe , Wolbers Thomas
Published: May 2022

Normal aging is typically associated with declines in navigation and spatial memory abilities. However, increased interindividual variability in performance across various navigation/spatial memory tasks is also evident with advancing age. In this review paper, we shed the spotlight on those older individuals who exhibit exceptional, sometimes even youth‐like navigational/spatial memory abilities. Importantly, we (1) showcase observations from existing studies that demonstrate superior navigation/spatial memory performance in late adulthood, (2) explore possible cognitive correlates and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying these preserved spatial abilities, and (3) discuss the potential link between the superior navigators in late adulthood and SuperAgers (older adults with superior episodic memory). In the closing section, given the lack of studies that directly focus on this subpopulation, we highlight several important directions that future studies could look into to better understand the cognitive characteristics of older superior navigators and the factors enabling such successful cognitive aging.
Saturated Output Feedback Control for Robot Manipulators With Joints of Arbitrary Flexibility
Authors: Cheng Xin , Liu Huashan , Zeng Zhen , Lu Wenke
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes a saturated output feedback controller for flexible-joint robot manipulators with joints of arbitrary flexibility. First, under the framework of singular perturbation theory, a saturated flexible compensator is introduced in the dynamics model to enlarge the joint stiffness and achieve a united control for the robot with joints of arbitrary flexibility. Meanwhile, the saturation problem of torque control is also addressed. Second, an extended Kalman filter (EKF) with adaptive high gain that combines the noise filter of EKF with global convergence of high-gain observer is presented to enable the output feedback tracking control without the velocity of the link side or the motor side. Third, explicit but strict stability analyses of the whole system in both full-state feedback and output feedback are given. Finally, simulation comparisons are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Process Capability Indices With Student Mixture Models Applied to Aircraft Engines GD&T
Authors: Croquelois Mathieu , Ferraris Cyprien , Achibi Mohamed , Thiebaut François
Published: May 2022

Usually, the process capability indices (PCIs) Cp and Cpk are used to quantify the production quality of Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing (GD&T). For the most popular PCIs, a strong assumption about normality is required. Many previous works provide information about misleading conclusions when we use usual PCIs without any verification of the dataset normality. In recent industrial developments, many processes increasingly complicate, and GD&T are mostly geometrical specifications. For that reason, most characteristics are not normally distributed. There are two issues when calculating PCIs with nonnormal distributions. First, we have to define PCIs that can deal with all distributions. Second, we need to determine the distribution of the dataset. To do so, we give a short review of the previous work about calculating PCIs with nonnormal distributions. Following that first part, we propose our method for nonnormal distributions. This method uses new PCIs based on the quantile of a standard normal distribution. Then, we consider an estimation method based on a Student mixture model. This allows handling nonnormal distributions, potentially with outliers, and mixture distributions, which are often treated as two different fields and are common in industrial datasets. Finally, we propose some use cases to benchmark our new PCIs and Student mixture model for aircraft engines GD&T applications.
Design and Control of a Foldable and Reconfigurable Multi-Terrain Vehicle With Variable Wheelbase
Authors: Zhang Chenyang , Chen Guangrong , Li Zijia , Qiu Xiaohang , Guo Sheng
Published: May 2022

In many rescue and detection tasks, mobile robots are required to transverse over uneven terrains and enter some dangerous environments that people cannot overcome, such as crevices, pipes, gullies, etc. High mobility/speed and adaptability to complex environment are two important performance indexes for mobile robots. Legged robots are with high environmental adaptability, while wheeled robots are with high mobility. Since existing mobile robots cannot meet these two requirements simultaneously, a flexible, extensible, and reconfigurable multi-terrain vehicle with a varying wheelbase is proposed innovatively. The vehicle body contains two main parts: one middle plate and two side plates, which both have two active wheels and are connected to the same shaft, which has two passive wheels on both sides. Specially, the included angle between one middle plate and two side plates is driven by an active motor, and then the vehicle can behave many forms by adjusting the wheelbase between two pair of active wheels. Under the body configuration, the multi-terrain vehicle can achieve the motions of crossing deep pit, climbing stair, crossing height limiting rod, climbing crevice, and crossing pipe by folding and varying the wheelbase. First, the detailed mechanical structure of multi-terrain vehicle is designed. Second, the kinematics of the multi-terrain vehicle including the inverse and forward solutions of wheelbase and centroid velocity are analyzed. Third, the control scheme combining travel speed controller, turn controller, and wheelbase controller is proposed based on proportional-Integral-derivative algorithm. Finally, many simulations and experiments validate both the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed structure and control of the multi-terrain vehicle.
Self-Presentation and Social Media Usage: A Case Study of Professional Alpine Skiing Athletes During the Winter Olympic Games and World Cup
Authors: Schibblock Vivien , Hinds Joanne , Kopp Martin , Schnitzer Martin
Published: May 2022

Social media sites are rich communication and marketing tools used by athletes to promote their “brand” and interact with fans. Indeed, the proliferation of social media has led to athletes promoting themselves across multiple platforms. This study examined how the world’s top 10 professional alpine skiing athletes used social media to present themselves and engage with fans during the 2017–18 World Cup and 2018 Winter Olympic Games. The data for the latest Winter Olympic Games in 2022 (organized under changed circumstances because of COVID-19) were not available for this study at the time of finalization. Guided by self-presentation theory, this study used a content analysis to examine how athletes presented themselves in social media photographs. The results demonstrated that athletes employed similar posting patterns across the social media platforms (i.e., Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram). The posting distribution per athlete and channel was different, as some athletes used the same posts across all channels. Twitter boasted the highest posting frequency. Based on the coded social media posts, athletes’ self-presentation mainly focused on business life content. Thus, they appeared as dressed but posed, a finding that aligns with Goffman’s notion of front-stage performance. This case study extends the literature as it involves an analysis of self-presentation across multiple channels, comparing two international events while using a sample of one sport.
Ultrapermeable 2D-channeled graphene-wrapped zeolite molecular sieving membranes for hydrogen separation
Authors: Kukobat Radovan , Sakai Motomu , Tanaka Hideki , Otsuka Hayato , Vallejos-Burgos Fernando , Lastoskie Christian , Matsukata Masahiko , Sasaki Yukichi , Yoshida Kaname , Hayashi Takuya , Kaneko Katsumi
Published: May 2022

The efficient separation of hydrogen from methane and light hydrocarbons for clean energy applications remains a technical challenge in membrane science. To address this issue, we prepared a graphene-wrapped MFI (G-MFI) molecular-sieving membrane for the ultrafast separation of hydrogen from methane at a permeability reaching 5.8 × 10
6
barrers at a single gas selectivity of 245 and a mixed gas selectivity of 50. Our results set an upper bound for hydrogen separation. Efficient molecular sieving comes from the subnanoscale interfacial space between graphene and zeolite crystal faces according to molecular dynamic simulations. The hierarchical pore structure of the G-MFI membrane enabled rapid permeability, indicating a promising route for the ultrafast separation of hydrogen/methane and carbon dioxide/methane in view of energy-efficient industrial gas separation.