P3605Lower benefit of women than men with ST-elevation myocardial infarction networks system in Spain: a study of 325,017 episodes over 10 years (2005–2015)
Authors: Sambola Ayala A , Anguita M , Elola J , Bernal J L , Fernandez C , Ferreiro J L , Bueno H , Marin F , Bonilla J L , Nunez-Villota J , Sanmartin M , Raposeiras S , Jimenez-Navarro M F , Filgueiras D , Ruiz-Ortiz M 
Published: October 2019

Background

Sex differences are known to exist in the management of women presenting with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Few studies have examined whether the clinical management and prognosis differs by sex when the STEMI network system is applied.

Purpose

To assess whether the STEMI network system improves management and prognosis both in men and women in Spain and to analyze possible differences according to sex.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study using information provided by the minimal database system (MDBS) of the Spanish National Health System (SNHS) to identify all hospitalizations in patients aged 35–94 years with the principal diagnosis of STEMI from 2005–2015. The risk-standardized in-hospital mortality ratio (RSMR) was defined as the ratio between predicted mortality and expected mortality, multiplied by the crude rate of mortality. The RSMR was calculated using multilevel risk adjustment models developed by the Medicare and Medicaid Services. The year of the development of organized systems of care for STEMI patients in the different Autonomous Communities was double-checked using data from the National Cardiac Catheterization and Interventional Cardiology Annual Registry. RSMR was used to compare outcomes related with gender and with the presence of regional AMI networks and the performance of PCI. Temporal trends for in-hospital mortality during the observed period were modeled using Poisson regression analysis with year as the only independent variable. In all models, incidence rate ratios (IRR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.

Results

A total of 325,017 STEMI were identified among patients aged 35–94 years old. Of them 273,182 were selected after exclusions, and 106,277 (38.8%) were women. Women were on average 10 years older than men and had more comorbidities burden. The overall proportion of STEMI patients underwent to PCI increased, when a regional STEMI network was present from 2005–2015: (63.7% vs 48.2% in men; and 47.4% vs 32.9% in women; p<0.001). Differences in crude mortality between sexes was 15%, maintaining through 10 years, despite a higher increased of PCI (figure 1).However, women were less likely to be treated with PCI even though when STEMI network was stablished (63.7% vs 48.2% in men, 47.4% vs 32.9% in women, p<0.001) (figure 1).The mean crude in-hospital mortality rate for the whole study period was higher in women (9.3% vs 18.3%; unadjusted OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 2.12.-2.23, p<0.0001). RSMR was lower for women when STEMI network were working (17.7% vs. 19.7%; p<0.001).PCI and the presence of STEMI network were associated with a lower in-hospital mortality in STEMI women (adjusted OR, 0.48; 95% CI 0.41–0.52 and OR, 0.84; 95% CI 0.79–0.89, p<0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

Women were less likely to be treated with PCI and had higher in-hospital risk-adjusted mortality than men, despite the existence of STEMI network system.