bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on frequency-variation square ratio in damage identification technique for single column platforms
Authors: Sun Tengge , Ai Qinghua
Published: February 2024

This paper attempts to utilize lower order harmonics and modes of vibration consisting of “square ratios of frequency variations” as structural damage susceptibility characteristics. This is followed by the development of the frequency-based method. Firstly, this paper derives the theoretical formulation of the square ratio of frequency variation method. Secondly, a finite element model of a single column platform is established. Then the damage is simulated using the reduced modulus of elasticity to localize the damage. The result is shown to be feasible. Thirdly, a model of the offshore single column platform is constructed, and the damage is simulated using cracks on the column. The “frequency variation square ratio” is valid, so the method can be used in reality. This method is applied to the single column platform model, suitable for a beam structure. It is very effective for the single column damage identification at different damage levels, and can also initially locate the damage. This method has high practical application value and reference value for future studies.
Ship shafting alignment technology and hull deformation based on improved genetic algorithm and shipbed calibration
Authors: Zhang Dabin
Published: February 2024

As science and technology develop in recent years, the center of ship shafting has received high attention from the ship industry. The traditional ship shafting calibration mostly focuses on the issue that hull deformation cannot be accurately estimated. The ship is floating after entering the water, and this method is not conducive to the long-term stable operation of the ship shafting. To solve the above problems, the study establishes the optimization model of ship axis alignment based on slide alignment and finite element method. This model can be optimized by adopting the non-dominant sequencing genetic algorithm improved by elite strategy. The study verified the performance of the optimization model of ship axis alignment. The results showed that the adaptive value, super-volume value, and inverse generation distance of the improved genetic algorithm were 74.57, 0.38, and 0.03, respectively. In the application of a ship, the intermediate bearing position could be adjusted by the ship shafting optimization model based on the improved non-dominant sorting genetic algorithm. As a result, the shaft reaction under the ballast condition was reduced by 24019 N than before, making the bearing load of the ship shafting more uniform. To sum up, the proposed optimal model is robust, which can effectively reduce the impact of hull deformation, improve the optimal effect of ship shafting alignment and ensure the safe navigation of the ship.
Dynamic modeling and analysis of rolling bearing faults under time-varying excitations considering defect deformation
Authors: Zhang Chao , Wu Yangbiao , Xu Shuai , Qin Feifan , Wu Le , Ouyang Bing
Published: February 2024

Fault mechanism analysis is one of the methods in fault diagnosis, and the dynamic modeling of rolling bearing faults plays a crucial role in studying fault mechanisms. Existing dynamic fault models only consider the impact of fault size and bearing speed on the impact force, providing an incomplete description of the impact force. In order to more accurately describe the dynamic fault model of impact forces, this paper focuses on the deep groove ball bearing with outer race faults. Factors such as defect deformation, speed, and fault size are considered, and an instantaneous impact force excitation function is proposed. Based on this proposed excitation function, a dynamic model for the outer race fault of deep groove ball bearings is established. Finally, through simulation and experimental comparison, the results indicate that the fault characteristic frequencies and their harmonics of the model in this paper are closer to the actual fault characteristic frequencies, reducing the error by 1 to 2 Hz. Therefore, the model proposed in this paper is more effective and accurate, providing a more precise rolling bearing fault model for the study of fault mechanisms.
Gender and Culture Inclusivity in the Story of Hope Fashion Collection.
Authors: Githapradana Weda , Raharja Gede , Ratna Tjok , Pebryani Nyoman
Published: February 2024

Discrimination against minority groups often still occurs and becomes a global problem. The problem of discrimination, such as minority gender and cultural minorities, is a social issue that needs to be exposed to get awareness. Inclusivity is one of the methods used to increase awareness of issues of gender and cultural discrimination. Inclusivity is one of the discourses to answer the challenges of sustainable development goals related to the topic of gender equality and reducing inequality. Fashion is a branch of design that often presents the context of inclusivity through works. The discourse of glocalization in the fashion industry also provides an opportunity to raise local content related to minority culture and gender as inspiration and communication through fashion works. The Story of Hope collection is an example of a fashion creation with the theme of gender and minority culture. The problem discussed in this paper is how gender and cultural inclusivity communicated through fashion stories of hope. The study applied qualitative methods with primary data collection techniques through observation and interviews. The secondary data obtained through literature studies. The theory used in analyzing the data uses a Barthes semiotic approach and postmodern aesthetic of bricolage. The Story of Hope collection is a fashion creation that adapts gender-fluid trends and applies traditional fabrics to represent culture in contemporary clothing. Story of Hope collection can be used as a communication tool in conveying inclusive discourse through its constituent visual elements.
Impact of Biophilic Design on Supporting Metacognitive Thinking in Early Childhood in Childcare Centers
Authors: Edward Liza , Kamel Shaimaa , Khodeir Laila
Published: February 2024

It is widely known how modern life from activities, games, and technologies has consumed children’s lives and attention, distracting them from the natural environment and its benefits. Moreover, although childcare centers are nowadays considered one of the primary environments where children spend most of their time, a child-nature connection is not much considered in their designs, giving more attention to technologies and artificial life. Environmental psychology theories declare that children are greatly affected by the surrounding physical environments, emphasizing nature as the richest environment that can feed their cognition and enhance their thinking skills, creativity, and development. A wealth of research studied the effect of nature-connected environments through biophilic design on children’s physical and psychological developmental aspects (226,975 articles since 2000). However, less concern is given to the cognitive development aspect (only 18.75% of the total), with a gap in terms of metacognition as a kind of high-order thinking. Metacognition enhances children's behavior and high-order thinking skills such as reflective thinking, creativity, and problem-solving. Hence, this paper aims to investigate the role of biophilic design in supporting metacognition in young children by conducting a multidisciplinary study that addresses the four theories Biophilic, Attention Restoration, Froebel’s theory, and Metacognition. The aim of this paper was achieved, firstly, by conducting a structured literature review in a multidisciplinary approach in Architectural, Environmental Psychology, Educational, and Cognitive Psychology fields using academic databases such as Elsevier, Scopus, Research Gate, and Academia. Secondly, analyzing the gathered data and the interrelations between the previously mentioned four selected theories. This paper’s findings show three conclusions; firstly, a restorative environment supports metacognition by stimulating reflective thinking and developing skills. Secondly, biophilic design’s attributes fulfill the factors for creating a restorative environment. Thirdly, specific metacognitive skills are supported by certain biophilic attributes. This paper revisits the design criteria for childcare centers providing a framework and a guideline abstracted from the biophilic approach for supporting children’s development and metacognition.
Scandinavian and Dutch philology at St. Petersburg/ Leningrad University
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Zharov Boris
Published: February 2024

In the 19th — early 20th centuries at St. Petersburg University, Scandinavian philology was understood as the study of Old Norse literary works, mostly in connection with the history of Russia, there was no teaching of modern languages. The first Scandinavian language, Swedish, was taught for the first time in 1935 and they began to actively study the Scandinavian languages. The Norwegian department was opened in 1945, the Danish in 1947. A great contribution to the scientific study of various aspects of Scandinavian languages was made by the scientific and organizational activities of professor M. I. Steblin-Kamensky, who published numerous works on Scandinavian linguistics, as well as on medieval literature and mythology. He initiated the creation of the country’s first department of Scandinavian philology at Leningrad University in 1958, which he headed for 30 years. The founder of Swedish linguistics was S. S. Maslova-Lashanskaya, author of the most important works. V. P. Berkov created a whole library with his works on the Norwegian language. He is recognized as one of the world’s largest lexicographers, a specialist in bilingual dictionaries. The Scandinavists who worked at the department in different years made a significant contribution to science. In 1972, the Dutch/Netherlands branch was opened, which in a short time showed great scientific potential. Professor I. M. Mikhailova, the author of numerous publications in the field of Dutch linguistics and literary criticism, is the head of the department of Scandinavian and Dutch Philology.
Examining the effectiveness of artificially replicated lake systems in predicting eutrophication indicators: a comparative data-driven analysis
Authors: Bhagowati Biswajit , Ahamad Kamal Uddin
Published: February 2024

Data-driven models for the prediction of lake eutrophication essentially rely on water quality datasets for a longer duration. If such data are not readily available, lake management through data-driven modeling becomes impractical. So, a novel approach is presented here for the prediction of eutrophication indicators, such as dissolved oxygen, Secchi depth, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, in the waterbodies of Assam, India. These models were developed using water quality datasets collected through laboratory investigation in artificially simulated lake systems. Two artificial prototype lakes were eutrophied in a controlled environment with the gradual application of wastewater. A periodic assessment of water quality was done for model development. Data-driven modeling in the form of multilayer perceptron (MLP), time-delay neural network (TDNN), support vector regression (SVR), and Gaussian process regression (GPR) were utilized. The trained model's accuracy was evaluated based on statistical parameters and a reasonable correlation was observed between targeted and model predicted values. Finally, the trained models were tested against some natural waterbodies in Assam and a satisfactory prediction accuracy was obtained. TDNN and GPR models were found superior compared to other methods. Results of the study indicate feasibility of the adopted modeling approach in predicting lake eutrophication when periodic water quality data are limited for the waterbody under consideration.
About the sacred places of the indigenous peoples of the North in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Bragina Dariia Grigorevna
Published: February 2024

The traditional culture of the indigenous peoples of the North in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is one of the priority values, but the active industrial develop-ment in their places of residence in the Arctic zone implies the vulnerability of their traditional way of life. This necessitates the formation of measures to pro-tect and preserve traditional culture, lifestyle and habitat. Sacred objects are also included in the system of specially protected natural territories along with the ter-ritories of traditional nature use of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North. Taking into account the need to take urgent organizational measures to protect sacred sites and give them a legal status, work is underway in the republic to compile a Register of sacred sites of indigenous minorities of the North and their mapping. Taking into account the relevance of the work on compiling the Register, this article is devoted to the problem of sacred places of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North living in extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic zone of Yakutia. In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the total area of the Arctic zone is 1,701 thousand square kilometers, which is 55.2% of the territory of the republic and which includes 13 territories of municipalities of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
The Dilemma Of Operationalizing The Enterprise Under UNCLOS 1982
Authors: Merdekawati Agustina , Triatmodjo Marsudi , Arsana I Made Andi , Hasibuan Irkham Afnan Trisandi
Published: February 2024

The Area's deep-seabed mining activities require substantial capital and sophisticated technologies, which become barriers for developing countries. UNCLOS 1982 envisioned that the presence of the Enterprise would solve this problem. However, the Enterprise is yet to be operationalized. The UNCLOS 1982’s Implementing Agreement 1994 postponed the Enterprise’s independent operation until the requirement is fulfilled. However, there have been changes within the international community that might affect the urgency on the Enterprise’s operationalization. This paper explored the dilemma of the Enterprise’s operationalization in ensuring the participation of developing countries and to generate the optimum benefits to all mankind. This research is aimed to contribute to the understanding of contemporary problems in applying the common heritage of mankind principle in the Area. The research found three dilemmas: (a) divided interests of developing countries; (b) optimizing financial benefits redistribution; and (c) the diminishing role attributed to the Enterprise. The research concluded that it is necessary to review the provisions in UNCLOS 1982 and the 1994 Agreement with the spirit of ensuring the participation of developing countries in the Area utilization by adjusting to the current situation of the international community.
Third World Approaches to International Law and Eurocentrism: Deconstruction-Reconstruction Urgency in International Legal Pedagogy
Authors: Susanto Stephanie Kristina , Rosemarry Tiffany Linda , Al Asyari Haekal
Published: February 2024

The field of higher education pedagogy rarely explores the intricate relationship between international law and its teaching. As a branch of law rich in theoretical and doctrinal values, international law should not escape criticism and critical approaches. So far, most of the teachings of international law rely on Western or Eurocentric approaches and thinking. This research uses a normative-empirical method to study the international legal pedagogy of law students in Indonesia and examine the impact of Eurocentric legal pedagogy on students. The findings indicate that Eurocentric teaching has resulted in students possessing narrow critical thinking on international law. As an alternative, the Third World Approach to International Law (TWAIL) can be an effective approach to foster inclusive critical thinking in the teaching of international law.
Political policy education budget government of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Rohman Arif , Widowati Asri
Published: February 2024

This study aims to describe the politics of the education budget in the city of Yogyakarta. This research uses a qualitative approach to phenomenological in the city of Yogyakarta. The subject of the study is chosen purposively from the executive and legislative elements. Excavation of data through in-depth interviews and analysis of documents. The triangulation is used by triangulation of methods and sources, expert discussions, and rival explanations. A qualitatively phenomenological data analysis with data steps managing, reading and memoing, describing, classifying, interpreting, and visualizing. Research findings showed that the 2014 Yogyakarta city education budget was Rp. 432,883,644,325.00. The pattern of distribution and allocation of education budgets is managed based on the coordination and integration of policies between government units. The priorities of the 2014 education budget are determined based on considerations of aspects of urgency and emergency. Priority mainly includes employee salaries,12-year compulsory education programs, and educational development programs.
An overview study on the educational psychological assessment by measuring students’ stress levels
Authors: Kosherbayeva A. N. , Issaliyeva S. , Begimbetova G. A. , Kassymova Dr. Gulzhaina K. , Kosherbayev R. , Kalimoldayeva A. K.
Published: February 2024

This article reviews the literature on the field of bibliographic analysis of the literature on educational assessment, psychological stress during the examination period, human memory, stress in the classroom, psychometric tools, and measurement scales for students’ stress. It examined the link between students’ social and psychological health, stress levels, and preferred social support systems. The research subjects were Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University first-year students (n=299) who completed the Perceived Stress Scale and a Likert rating-type scale via a Google form. The validity and reliability of the scale were respectively confirmed through ‘high’ Aiken’s V and Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis showed a satisfactory fit for the model. The average relationship (r=0.39) was found between stress levels and preferred social support, while a positive correlation (r=0.29) existed between preferred social support and socio-psychological health. However, the Stress Level variable only correlated with Socio-psychological Health through Preferred Social Support. The subjects preferred the University Staff and Academic advisors as social support providers over their parents. Overall, the findings indicate that higher levels of support were associated with reduced stress and improved socio-psychological health among Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University students. Conversely, lower support levels correlated with increased stress and negative impacts on well-being.
Association of Arterial Stiffness With Mid- to Long-Term Home Blood Pressure Variability in the Electronic Framingham Heart Study: Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Xuzhi , Zhang Yuankai , Pathiravasan Chathurangi H , Ukonu Nene C , Rong Jian , Benjamin Emelia J , McManus David D , Larson Martin G , Vasan Ramachandran S , Hamburg Naomi M , Murabito Joanne M , Liu Chunyu , Mitchell Gary F
Published: February 2024

Background

Short-term blood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with arterial stiffness in patients with hypertension. Few studies have examined associations between arterial stiffness and digital home BPV over a mid- to long-term time span, irrespective of underlying hypertension.

Objective

This study aims to investigate if arterial stiffness traits were associated with subsequent mid- to long-term home BPV in the electronic Framingham Heart Study (eFHS). We hypothesized that higher arterial stiffness was associated with higher home BPV over up to 1-year follow-up.

Methods

At a Framingham Heart Study research examination (2016-2019), participants underwent arterial tonometry to acquire measures of arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [CFPWV]; forward pressure wave amplitude [FWA]) and wave reflection (reflection coefficient [RC]). Participants who agreed to enroll in eFHS were provided with a digital blood pressure (BP) cuff to measure home BP weekly over up to 1-year follow-up. Participants with less than 3 weeks of BP readings were excluded. Linear regression models were used to examine associations of arterial measures with average real variability (ARV) of week-to-week home systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP adjusting for important covariates. We obtained ARV as an average of the absolute differences of consecutive home BP measurements. ARV considers not only the dispersion of the BP readings around the mean but also the order of BP readings. In addition, ARV is more sensitive to measurement-to-measurement BPV compared with traditional BPV measures.

Results

Among 857 eFHS participants (mean age 54, SD 9 years; 508/857, 59% women; mean SBP/DBP 119/76 mm Hg; 405/857, 47% hypertension), 1 SD increment in FWA was associated with 0.16 (95% CI 0.09-0.23) SD increments in ARV of home SBP and 0.08 (95% CI 0.01-0.15) SD increments in ARV of home DBP; 1 SD increment in RC was associated with 0.14 (95% CI 0.07-0.22) SD increments in ARV of home SBP and 0.11 (95% CI 0.04-0.19) SD increments in ARV of home DBP. After adjusting for important covariates, there was no significant association between CFPWV and ARV of home SBP, and similarly, no significant association existed between CFPWV and ARV of home DBP (P>.05).

Conclusions

In eFHS, higher FWA and RC were associated with higher mid- to long-term ARV of week-to-week home SBP and DBP over 1-year follow-up in individuals across the BP spectrum. Our findings suggest that higher aortic stiffness and wave reflection are associated with higher week-to-week variation of BP in a home-based setting over a mid- to long-term time span.
Epidemiological characteristics and Spatiotemporal Analysis of Occupational Noise-induced Deafness from 2006 to 2022 in Guangdong, China (Preprint)
Authors: Zhou Shanyu , Huang Yongshun , Chen Lin , Wen Xianzhong , Wang Su , Huang Lang , Li Xudong
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Occupational noise-induced deafness (ONID) has replaced occupational poisoning as the second most common occupational disease in China since 2015. However, there is a limited number of literatures on epidemiological characteristics of legally diagnosed ONID.

OBJECTIVE

We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the epidemiological and spatiotemporal characteristics of ONID in Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2022, with the aim of providing a scientific foundation for policy formulation and health resource allocation.

METHODS

Surveillance data of ONID cases in Guangdong Province from 2006, to 2022, were obtained from the “Occupational Diseases and Health Hazard Factors Monitoring Information System”. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied to access the long-term trends in cases of ONID for the period 2006-2022. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis was performed to measure the overall degree of similarity of the attribute values of spatially adjacent or neighboring regional units. The local indicators of spatial autocorrelation (LISA) plots were then employed to identify the local clusters of ONID in Guangdong.

RESULTS

It has been reported that there were 3,761 ONID cases in Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2022, showing a significantly increased trend in cases across the entire study period (average annual percentage change:21.9, 95% CI:18.7, 35.1). The Moran's I values for the period of 2006 to 2022 ranged from 0.202 to 0.649 (all P < 0.001), indicating a positive spatial correlation of ONID across regions each year in Guangdong Province. Fifteen high-high clustering were notably concentrated in specific counties within the Pearl River Delta.

CONCLUSIONS

ONID in Guangdong Province has experienced a dramatic increase followed by a stabilization from 2006 to 2022. The distribution of ONID shows spatiotemporal clustering. Our results could help prioritize the allocation of resources for targeted prevention and control measures for ONID.
Phân lập và tuyển chọn vi khuẩn có khả năng chuyển hóa glucose thành acid gluconic
Authors: Huỳnh Ngọc Trúc Phương , Nguyễn Thanh Triều , Lý Kim Hân , Võ Phát Tài , Nguyễn Thị Phi Oanh
Published: February 2024

Acid gluconic được ứng dụng trong  xây dựng, công nghệ thực phẩm, dược phẩm, v.v. Một số loài vi sinh vật cũng được chứng minh có khả năng sử dụng glucose để tổng hợp acid gluconic. Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm phân lập các dòng vi khuẩn bản địa có khả năng chuyển hóa glucose thành acid gluconic. Hai mươi lăm dòng vi khuẩn có khả năng sử dụng glucose đã được phân lập từ các loại vỏ trái cây, trong đó, ba dòng GAB3, GBN6 và GSF5 chuyển hóa glucose (100 g/L) thành acid gluconic hiệu quả nhất trong môi trường khoáng tối thiểu có pH từ 5 đến 8 sau 5 ngày nuôi cấy. Dòng vi khuẩn GSF5 tổng hợp acid gluconic cao nhất, đạt 29,19 g/L khi được nuôi cấy trong môi trường có pH = 6. Kết quả phân tích và so sánh trình tự gen 16S-rRNA cho thấy dòng vi khuẩn GSF5 thuộc chi Staphylococcus và được định danh là Staphylococcus sp. GSF5.
Mô phỏng thiết kế các dẫn xuất chalcone-sulfonamide nhắm mục tiêu ức chế các enzyme histone deacetylase nhóm I
Authors: Nguyễn Hải Đăng , Nguyễn Cường Quốc , Phan Nguyệt Thơ , Dương Quốc Việt , Nguyễn Thiên Hướng , Lê Đăng Quang , Bùi Thị Bửu Huê , Nguyễn Trọng Tuân , Trần Quang Đệ
Published: February 2024

HDAC là mục tiêu quan trọng trong liệu pháp điều trị ung thư. Trong nghiên cứu này, bộ dữ liệu bao gồm 32 hợp chất có khả năng chelate với kim loại đã được thiết kế dựa trên khung sườn chalcone-sulfonamide. Docking phân tử đã được thực hiện trên các loại HDAC nhóm I. Kết quả cho thấy các hợp chất đều thể hiện các tương tác mạnh mẽ với các amino acid tại vị trí hoạt động. Năng lượng liên kết đều thấp hơn -15 kJ/mol. Đặc biệt, dẫn xuất 20 là hợp chất 2‘-hydroxychalcone-sulfonamide với nhóm thế meta-NO2 cho hiệu quả tốt nhất với cả ba enzyme HDAC. Đây được xem là ứng viên tiềm năng cho các nghiên cứu tổng hợp và đánh giá hoạt tính sinh học trong tương lai.
Xác định chế độ rửa bưởi Năm Roi (Citrus grandis L.) đáp ứng an toàn thực phẩm
Authors: Trần Bạch Long , Nguyễn Văn Mười , Hà Thanh Toàn
Published: February 2024

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là xác định được nồng độ phụ gia thích hợp bổ sung vào nước rửa nhằm đáp ứng được yêu cầu về chất lượng trong quá trình bảo quản bưởi Năm Roi hướng đến sức khỏe và an toàn cho người tiêu dùng. Ba phụ gia được bổ sung riêng lẻ vào nước rửa là NaHCO3 (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%), acid citric (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%), NaCl (8%, 10%, 12%, 14%). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, xử lý bổ sung phụ gia bằng dung dịch NaHCO3, acid citric vào nước rửa đều cho hiệu quả trong thời gian bảo quản. Sử dụng nồng độ rửa NaHCO3 là 3% có hiệu quả về bưởi Năm Roi ít bị mất màu xanh và tỷ lệ hao hụt khối lượng khi so với acid citric 3%. Tuy nhiên, việc xử lý nồng độ rửa acid citric là 3% có hiệu quả hơn về mật độ vi sinh vật hiếu khí tổng số, nấm men, nấm mốc. Bên cạnh đó, việc sử dụng NaCl 12% cũng giúp ổn định màu sắc, giảm sự hao hụt khối lượng và sự phát triển vi sinh vật.
La creación de la Alianza, una perspectiva desde la UNAM
Authors: Muzquiz Fragoso María Cristina
Published: February 2024

En 2020 nace una iniciativa entre Huawei, la Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores y la UNAM, entre otras entidades, para apoyar a equipos de investigación en el campo de la inteligencia artificial (IA). Es así que se crea el Grupo Especial de Innovación. Por la UNAM participan diferentes entidades que dan un apoyo en diferentes sentidos a los investigadores. Al 15 de noviembre de 2023, se han lanzado dos convocatorias; una tercera está por ser emitida.
En cifras, se han premiado 26 proyectos y se ha capacitado a varias decenas de personas en temas de tecnología y de Design Thinking, así como en Inteligencia Artificial. Además, los investigadores han tenido avances en sus proyectos, gracias al equipo al que puedan acceder y que fue donado por la empresa Huawei.
Los proyectos ganadores tienen un objetivo común: apoyar a diferentes comunidades del país con un enfoque social. Las lecciones aprendidas han sido muchas y valiosas, en una iniciativa que se ha orientado a: “Consolidar una propuesta orientada a fortalecer el desarrollo, la investigación y la implementación de nuevas tecnologías, con énfasis en la inteligencia artificial (IA) y la inclusión en la economía digital, así como a detonar propuestas específicas para México”1.
Mirada al sistema de pensiones de administración privada chileno al acercarse un cuarto de siglo de aplicación
Authors: Gumucio R. Juan Sebastián
Published: February 2024

En los últimos años del siglo XX Latinoamérica vio remecidos sus programas de pensiones con procesos reformistas que introdujeron, en mayor o menor medida, la capitalización individual como soporte financiero y la gestión privada con fines de lucro como sustento administrativo en reemplazo de los tradicionales seguros sociales de reparto de origen bismarkianos. El artículo analiza algunos aspectos de la experiencia reformista chilena que está pronta a cumplir un cuarto de siglo y que, por ser pionera, permite arrojar luces sobre los éxitos y falencias de la experiencia.
Formación profesional y empleo para jóvenes. Estado de la situación en Chile
Authors: Feres N. María Ester
Published: February 2024

En el presente trabajo se describen en forma sintética pero sistematizada la institucionalidad, los contenidos, los proyectos y programas sobre formación profesional y sobre educación y capacitación continua, desde dos dimensiones diferenciadas en sus inicios pero finalmente confluyentes. Esta confluencia se manifestaría en distintos ámbitos: desde la coordinación intergubernamental hasta la alianza público-privada, en especial con las organizaciones de los sectores productivos; desde la formulación de políticas hasta la implementación conjunta de proyectos y programas. Al final del proceso se perciben cambios institucionales de cierta relevancia, como el proyecto de ley sobre un nuevo marco jurídico para el sistema educativo, y desde la perspectiva formativa laboral: el proyecto de ley de próxima aprobación que crea un Sistema Nacional de Certificación de Competencias Laborales.
Formación profesional y empleo de los jóvenes en Cuba
Authors: Guillén Landrían Francisco
Published: February 2024

En Cuba, la educación es un derecho constitucional que aparece desarrollado en un conjunto de normas jurídicas, dictadas por la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular, el Consejo de Estado y el Ministerio de Trabajo. La vía fundamental para la educación y formación profesional es el sistema de centros e instituciones de los ministerios de Educación y Educación Superior, donde se gradúa la mayoría de los operarios calificados, técnicos medios y los profesionales universitarios. Estos dos ministerios dirigen metodológicamente la formación de especialidades propias de la salud, las artes, el deporte y otras materias que realizan otros ministerios autorizados. La formación y superación profesional en las empresas y demás entidades tiene un carácter más específico y está dirigida a la satisfacción de las necesidades de trabajadores calificados, para el cumplimiento del objeto social de éstas.
"El trabajo" visto desde una perspectiva social y jurídica
Authors: Bencomo E. Tania Z.
Published: February 2024

Desde el punto de vista sociológico, la concepción del “trabajo” ha variado a través del tiempo; el presente trabajo esboza sucintamente la evolución del concepto desde un plano general, y particularmente desde la visión de autores clásicos como Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber y, finalmente, Talcott Parsons. Se presenta la perspectiva social y jurídica del trabajo como “hecho social”, todo lo cual evidencia la relación inmediata que existe entre la sociología y el derecho del trabajo, en el que este último rescata las evidencias teóricas y/o empíricas resultado de las actividades investigativas de la primera, para regular ese “hecho social” dinámico, propio de la actividad humana, siendo un reflejo del entorno social, económico, político, cultural e ideológico.
El derecho del trabajo y su vinculación con la seguridad e higiene ocupacional
Authors: Morán de Gómez Carolina
Published: February 2024

El derecho del trabajo como encargado de normar las relaciones laborales está íntimamente vinculado a la seguridad e higiene ocupacional, la cual centra su actuar principalmente en la prevención y la protección; las empresas, al cumplir con la normativa y políticas en SHO, generan ambientes de trabajo que en gran medida están libres de accidentes o enfermedades, logrando mayor productividad y competitividad.
Tecnología digital en la administración de justicia laboral venezolana
Authors: Bencomo Escobar Tania
Published: February 2024

Desde la década de los años noventa, se viene hablando del surgimiento de una “nueva economía” que ha causado reformas estructurales en todos los ámbitos de trabajo; si bien es cierto que las tecnologías de la información no constituyen por sí solas esa nueva economía que ha dado en llamarse “digital”, no es menos cierto que se han constituido en la base material de ese nuevo escenario. Ello ha traído como consecuencia nuevas formas de trabajar, de aprender, de comunicarse y hasta de celebrar negociaciones; del mismo modo, ha contribuido a la celeridad en la prestación de servicios y a la mejora de los procesos productivos, tanto en el sector público como privado. El interés del presente trabajo se dirige a dar una mirada al sector de la administración de justicia laboral y su interrelación con las nuevas tecnologías de información, que han surgido como consecuencia del avance tecnológico. En el ámbito sociolaboral de la administración de justicia se ha encontrado la incorporación de nuevos medios de trabajo, sistemas de intercambio de información, como el sistema de gestión y modelo organizacional “Juris 2000”, sistema innovador que ha descongestionado y acelerado los tiempos judiciales.
El financiamiento de la seguridad social en el siglo XXI
Authors: Ruiz Moreno Ángel Guillermo
Published: February 2024

La descomunal crisis económica-financiera provocada por la “gran recesión” que data de mediados de 2008 ha confirmado que tanto el empleo formal como la seguridad social a él atada también se hallan en crisis. Es necesario comenzar a reconceptualizar la seguridad social con miras a afrontar los enormes desafíos que presentará el siglo XXI, siendo entonces urgente reconceptualizarle para determinar qué es hoy en día el servicio público de la seguridad social, para qué debe servirnos y a quiénes debe proteger, qué seguros debe contener y qué prestaciones en dinero o especie otorgará, pero sobre todo habrá que definir cómo debe ser financiada. En cualquier caso, se afirma que México aún está a tiempo de salvar su sistema nacional de seguridad social antes de que éste comience a colapsar.
Análisis jurídico de la paternidad con perspectiva de género: una visión desde la masculinidad
Authors: García Delgadillo Juan Netzahualpilli , Mendizábal Bermúdez Gabriela
Published: February 2024

El presente artículo analiza cómo en la actualidad, a pesar de que se puede hablar de diversas formas de ejercer una paternidad responsable, las normas jurídicas que otorgan prestaciones y salvaguardan derechos por la paternidad aún se encuentran en gran desventaja respecto de los derechos por la maternidad concedidos a las mujeres en este ámbito. Éste es el tema central del análisis del presente artículo: la paternidad y la equidad de género desde la perspectiva masculina. Para tal efecto se analizan normas no sólo sociales, como las laborales y las de seguridad social, sino también normas de carácter civil, como los ordenamientos que regulan las relaciones familiares, para dejar de manifiesto que existe una marcada diferencia entre los derechos concedidos a padres y madres.
Estudio de derecho comparado de la inspección del trabajo en Latinoamérica
Authors: Mendizábal Bermúdez Gabriela
Published: February 2024

La inspección del trabajo a lo largo de décadas ha fungidocomo un medio para velar por los derechos de los trabajadores frenteal empleador.Es la autoridad encargada de hacer cumplir con la normativa del trabajoy de seguridad social, así como la facultada para emitir las sanciones correspondientes en caso de violación del marco normativo laboral.Si bien es cierto que la competencia y facultades de la inspección deltrabajo varía en cada uno de los países, pese a ello existen múltiples similitudes, como la facultad sancionadora, el control, el asesoramiento,entre otros.En ese contexto, el presente artículo realiza un análisis comparativo de lainspección del trabajo como la autoridad que coadyuva a la ejecución delos derechos de los trabajadores a través del estudio de derecho comparadode cinco países de Latinoamérica, que presentan algunas similitudessociodemográficas y jurídicas, lo que permite una comparación entre el los para la elaboración del presente trabajo, con lo cual se comprueba la hipótesis de que la inspección del trabajo es un mecanismo de externalización del derecho del trabajo y del derecho de la seguridad social.
La garantía jurisdiccional de la democracia interna de los partidos políticos en América Latina
Authors: Orozco Henríquez José de Jesús
Published: February 2024

El propósito de este trabajo es proporcionar un panorama sobre la naturaleza y el alcance de exigir la democracia interna en los partidos políticos prevista en la gran mayoría de los ordenamientos jurídicos de América Latina, así como la variedad de mecanismos de control jurisdiccional que en ellos se establecen para garantizarla, como parte del derecho de acceso a la justicia que se reconoce a las personas para defender su derecho político-electoral de asociación, dada la relevante función que los partidos políticos desempeñan en todo Estado constitucional democrático de derecho.
El Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación: transformación institucional y social
Authors: Narváez Hernández José Ramón
Published: February 2024

En nuestro país se han creado instituciones que han dado vida a la democracia, y entre ellas, el Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación ha jugado un papel esencial. En el presente trabajo se muestran las fortalezas y debilidades de la institucionalidad mexicana a través del estudio de un órgano jurisdiccional que ha transitado por complejos procesos democráticos que lo han llevado a sortear la presión política, mediática y social; cambios políticos e institucionales que acompañados de la transición democrática han dado como resultado un sistema cada vez más robusto, en donde la justicia electoral se ha encargado de brindar seguridad jurídica a todos quienes participan de los procesos democráticos.
Apuntes sobre el régimen jurídico de los partidos políticos en América Latina: tendencias históricas y estado actual
Authors: Flores Díaz Jorge Gerardo
Published: February 2024

Con base en un análisis histórico-comparativo de la legislación sobre partidos políticos en América Latina, en este trabajo se identifican las siguientes tendencias históricas: 1) constitucionalización mínima (década de los cuarenta), 2) constitucionalización doctrinal (década de los ochenta), 3) financiamiento público (década de los setenta), y 4) democracia interna (década de los noventa). Asimismo, se examina el estado actual de la legislación en relación al financiamiento público y la democracia interna. Entre otras cosas, se señala que en todos los países estudiados el Estado otorga financiamiento público para los partidos políticos y en la mayoría de los casos el financiamiento es directo, permanente y es asignado siguiendo principalmente un criterio proporcional. Además, en la mayoría de los casos los procesos de selección de candidatos están regulados en la ley y los partidos deben utilizar alguno de los mecanismos establecidos (primarias abiertas, primarias cerradas o convención de delegados). Por último, se anota que la legislación más reciente podría contribuir a mejorar el desempeño de los partidos como gobernantes y como vehículos para la participación ciudadana, aunque los resultados concretos dependerán de otros factores contextuales.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Causing Urinary Tract Infection: A Four-Year Study
Authors: Devnikar Anushka V. , Solabannavar Shivakumar S. , Sonth Suresh B. , Janagond Anand B. , Gokale Shilpa , Bhurle Arati
Published: February 2024

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most frequently encountered infections for which individuals seek medical attention. They are usually ascending infections and if left untreated the causative agent can ascend the ureters causing pyelonephritis and, furthermore, enter the bloodstream causing systemic infections and urosepsis. Appropriate treatment prevents progression of disease. Escherichia coli is responsible for 80-95% cases of UTI. This study was undertaken to study the antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from patients suffering from UTI over 4 years at a tertiary level medical facility. A retrospective case series study was conducted. All UTI with significant bacteriuria due to E. coli were included in the study. Identification, speciation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done as per standard laboratory practices. A total of 555 strains of Escherichia coli were included in the study. Overall highest resistance rates for E. coli were seen among cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones while least overall resistance was seen for nitrofurantoin. There was gradual rise in resistance for carbapenem over the 4 years. The predominant microorganism responsible for all types of infections affecting the urinary tract is Escherichia coli. Empirical antimicrobial therapy for urinary tract infections may be unsuccessful, as resistance rates among E. coli are constantly increasing. The present study provides information regarding the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern over a period of 4 years. It shows that there is a gradual but consistent decrease in antimicrobial susceptibility among the isolates. Hence, it has become necessary that antimicrobial therapy be based on culture reports. Also, frequent and periodic updating of antimicrobial policy is essential.
Candidate Blood MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Patients with Active and Latent Pulmonary Tuberculosis Infection
Authors: El-Masry Eman A. , Samir Mohamed , Taha Ahmed E.
Published: February 2024

Infection with tuberculosis (TB) has been a leading cause of death worldwide. The accurate detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is integral for the prevention and control programs for TB disease. Host-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to be triggered upon TB infection, raising possibilities of their utility as biomarkers. Here, we investigated the value of miRNAs in pointing active TB (ATB) and predicting the progression from latent TB (LTB) to ATB infection. We then constructed signaling pathways predicted to be involved in TB disease pathobiology. Our analyses identified miR-21-5p, miR-29a-3p and miR-361-5p as being down regulated in ATB and upregulated in LTB compared to healthy subjects with an area under the curve (AUC) of > 0.9, indicating potentially promising biomarker. Pathways related to estrogen signaling, TNF and apoptosis signaling were enriched targets for those miRNAs. This study provides evidence for the significance of miRNA as diagnostic and prognostic markers for ATB and LTB infections in humans. These results could be extrapolated and validated using future large-scale studies.
Sustainability strategy in malang regency :analitycal hierarchy process approach
Authors: Nurhayati Yetty , Pudjihardjo Pudjihardjo , Susilo Susilo , Ekawaty Marlina
Published: February 2024

The development of tourism has led to the emergence of various types of attractions; one of them is a tourist village which is expected to improve the welfare of the local community. Malang Regency has several tourist villages with various potentials. Pujon Kidul, Sanankerto, and Gubugklakah are villages that carry the concept of sustainable tourism. The purpose of this research is to improve its economic sustainability status. The method used is the AHP test. The results showed that the best strategy for Pujon Kidul village was to develop a strawberry picking tourist attraction, while for Sanankerto it was the addition of new tour packages related to water tourism and for Gubugklakah village was the development of Mount Bromo tour packages.
The Effect of Heritage, Hospitality, And E-Wom on Decisions Through Satisfaction as Intervening Variables in Chinatown Glodok, West Jakarta
Authors: Nurbaeti Nurbaeti , Rahmanita Myrza , Amrullah Amrullah , Ratnaningtyas Heny
Published: February 2024

The quality of the cultural tourist attraction of Chinatown Glodok still has several problems. It is caused by several factor including heritage, hospitality, and E-WOM. This study aims to analyses the effect of heritage, hospitality, and E-WOM on visiting decisions through visitor satisfaction as an intervention in Chinatown Glodok, West Jakarta. This type of research uses descriptive quantitative. The sample amounted to 200 people. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling. The research method uses path analysis with the help of the Smart PLS program with measurement model analysis (outer model) and structural model analysis (inner model). The results showed that: (1) Heritage and hospitality had a significant effect on visitor satisfaction; (2) E-WOM has no significant effect on visitor satisfaction; (3) Heritage, hospitality, and visitor satisfaction have a significant effect on visiting decisions; (4) E-WOM has no significant effect on visiting decisions; (5) Heritage and hospitality have a significant effect on visiting decisions through visitor satisfaction; (6) E-WOM has no significant effect on visiting decisions through visitor satisfaction.
Tourism 5A, Tourism Satisfaction, and Electronic Word of Mouth in a Small Island Destination
Authors: Descarten Randy
Published: February 2024

Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) has gained popularity in academia due to its expansion in online communications, such as Websites, social media, and Blogs for travel and recreation purposes. These online activities in tourism can create an advantage for tourist destinations, especially for businesses and tourism service providers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to look into variables that could affect positive conduct on Electronic Word of Mouth among tourists. The primary purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between Tourism 5A's, Tourism Satisfaction, and conduct Electronic Word of Mouth among domestic tourists in Siargao Island, Philippines. The respondents of this study are domestic tourists. Instrumentation was utilizing a 5 Point-Likert Scale. This study utilizing SmartPLS-SEM, results revealed that among the Tourism 5A's, only the Amenities and Activities have a significant relationship to Tourist Satisfaction and could affect by 84.8 percent. On the other hand, Tourist Satisfaction affects EWOM by 65.7 percent.