bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Retrofitting Paradigm for Conventional Machines towards the Digital Triplet Hierarchy
Authors: Alimam Hassan , Mazzuto Giovanni , Ortenzi Marco , Ciarapica Filippo Emanuele , Bevilacqua Maurizio
Published: January 2023

Industry 4.0 is evolving through technological advancements, leveraging information technology to enhance industry with digitalisation and intelligent activities. Whereas Industry 5.0 is the Age of Augmentation, striving to concentrate on human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience of the intelligent factories and synergetic industry. The crucial enhancer for the improvements accomplished by digital transformation is the notion of ‘digital triplet D3’, which is an augmentation of the digital twin with artificial intelligence, human ingenuity, and experience. digital triplet D3 encompasses intelligent activities based on human awareness and the convergence among cyberspace, physical space, and humans, in which Implementing useful reference hierarchy is a crucial part of instigating Industry 5.0 into a reality. This paper depicts a digital triplet which discloses the potency of retrofitting a conventional drilling machine. This hierarchy included the perceptive level for complex decision-making by deploying machine learning based on human ingenuity and creativity, the concatenated level for controlling the physical system’s behaviour predictions and emulation, the observing level is the iterative observation of the actual behaviour of the physical system using real-time data, and the duplicating level visualises and emulates virtual features through physical tasks. The accomplishment demonstrated the viability of the hierarchy in imitating the real-time functionality of the physical system in cyberspace, an immaculate performance of this paradigm. The digital triplet’s complexity was diminished through the interaction among facile digital twins, intelligent activities, and human awareness. The performance parameters of the digital triplet D3 paradigm for retrofitting were eventually confirmed through appraising, anomaly analysis, and real-time monitoring.
Determinants of an Environmentally Sustainable Model for Competitiveness
Authors: Noorliza K.
Published: January 2023

Environmental practices in the logistics industry play a significant role in environmental sustainability, but how logistics professionals and logistics service providers (LSPs) engage with environmental practices is inexplicable. This paper explores the human–environment connection within the LSPs context to develop an environmentally sustainable model through environmental leadership that encourages the organizational structure and green practices to obtain sustained performance and competitiveness. The paper reviews LSP articles extracted from the SCOPUS and Web of Science databases. The results provide an environmentally sustainable model for LSPs and managers, stimulating themselves from within to green actions and sustainability to enhance their reputation and image, competitiveness, environmental preservation, human well-being, and service differentiation and innovation. The findings also reveal that the intrinsic attributes of leaders are more conducive to fostering the organizational design of environmental practices. The determinants of environmental intrinsic leadership values are emotional, biospheric (i.e., valuing the environment), altruistic (i.e., respecting the welfare and well-being of other human beings), egoistic (i.e., valuing personal resources), and hedonic values (i.e., loving pleasure and comfort) within leaders. The khalifa for 6P sustainability performance effectively is as follows: green practice, profit, planet, people, and product, process/service innovation. This study provides theoretical and practical implications for the logistics industry.
Nanoparticle Mediated Plant Tolerance to Heavy Metal Stress: What We Know?
Authors: Faizan Mohammad , Alam Pravej , Rajput Vishnu D. , Faraz Ahmad , Afzal Shadma , Ahmed S. Maqbool , Yu Fang-Yuan , Minkina Tatiana , Hayat Shamsul
Published: January 2023

Nanoparticles (NPs) are playing an important role in addressing various environmental constraints by giving ingenious and successful resolutions. Heavy metal (HM) stress has gained significant importance in the last few years because of its speedy incorporation into agricultural sectors. Due to exclusive physiochemical properties, NPs can be effectively applied for stress mitigation strategies. NPs are highly effective over bulk scale parts owing to the control of the enhanced surface area and the possibility for specific properties to enhance nutrient uptake. In the present review, we explore the use of NPs as an environmentally sound practice to enhance plant growth when exposed to abiotic stress, particularly HM stress. Furthermore, we display an extensive summary of recent progress concerning the role of NPs in HM stress tolerance. This review paper will also be useful for comprehending phytoremediation of contaminated soils and indicates the prospective research required for the cooperative submission of NPs in the soil for sustainable agriculture.
Lumped Parameter Modeling of SAE J2601 Hydrogen Fueling Tests
Authors: Deng Shanshan , Li Feng , Luo Hao , Yang Tianqi , Ye Feng , Chahine Richard , Xiao Jinsheng
Published: January 2023

The safety of hydrogen storage is essential for the development of fuel cell vehicles. A mathematical model for a compressed hydrogen storage tank is established based on the mass conservation equation, the energy conservation equation and the real gas equation of state. Using the Matlab/Simulink platform, a dual-zone lumped parameter model, which divides the tank into a hydrogen gas zone and a tank wall zone, is established. The initial conditions of the MC Default method hydrogen filling from SAE J2601 are utilized in the lumped parameter model for numerical simulation. Five cases are studied, including two different tanks. One case used the Lookup table for hydrogen refueling, and four cases used the MC Default method for fueling. The hydrogen gas temperature, wall temperature, pressure in the tank and state of charge are obtained during the fueling process. The simulated results show that the dual-zone lumped parameter model can well predict the temperature, pressure and state of charge (SOC) for Type IV tanks with volumes of 249 L and 117 L during refueling. By using the averaged heat transfer coefficient (80 W/(m2·K)) between gas and wall, and the constant heat transfer coefficient (20 W/(m2·K)) between wall and environment, the gas temperature and pressure of our dual-zone lumped parameter model show good agreement with the experiment. The maximum difference between simulated and experimental wall temperatures for five cases is around 2 °C. The experimental wall temperatures were measured on the external surface of the tank, while the simulated wall temperature of the dual-zone lumped parameter model is representative of a mean temperature averaged alone with the radial direction.
Barriers to Attracting Private Sector Investment in Public Road Infrastructure Projects in the Developing Country of Iran
Authors: Chan Daniel W. M. , Sarvari Hadi , Husein Ahmad Abdul Jaleel Abdul , Awadh Khalid Mubarak , Golestanizadeh Mahboobeh , Cristofaro Matteo
Published: January 2023

Private sector investment, the mainstream financing method for procuring public road transport development projects, has encountered several profound difficulties and risks during execution, particularly in developing countries. However, there needs to be more extensive investigations on the major barriers facing road transport infrastructure projects in these countries. In this vein, the present study aims to identify and assess the perceived barriers inhibiting private sector investment in delivering public road transport infrastructure projects in the developing country of Iran. The research method adopted is based on a descriptive survey with a three-round Delphi technique with 35 experts from both the private and public sector in Iran. According to the research study results, four main groups of legal and organizational, political, economic, and operational barriers have been found to significantly impact the attraction of private sector investment in such projects. The three most significant obstacles for public road transport infrastructure projects in developing countries include: (i) a lack of financial and investment safety; (ii) a lack of proficient managers and policies of public organizations in order to facilitate the process of privatization; and (iii) corruption in the privatization process. The survey findings can help the government and policymakers to eliminate or alleviate the potential barriers towards private sector participation in future public road infrastructure projects, particularly in those developing countries such as Iran.
The Impact of High-Quality Energy Development and Technological Innovation on the Real Economy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China: A Spatial Economic and Threshold Effect Analysis
Authors: Fu Jiangyuan , Xue Huidan , Wang Fayuan , Wang Liming
Published: January 2023

The sustainable economic development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a significant part of China’s regional development strategy. The article selects panel data from 11 provinces of the region from 2004 to 2020 and constructs a spatial economic model and a threshold effect model to investigate the impact of energy development and technological innovation on the real economy of this region. The result indicates that technological innovation plays a significantly beneficial role in supporting the development of the local real economy, while its spatial spillover effect to neighboring provinces is not significant. Energy development has a significant negative impact on both the local real economy and that of the neighboring provinces. Such impact is shaped by the threshold effect of the level of technological innovation.
The Influence Mechanism and Measurement of Tourists’ Authenticity Perception on the Sustainable Development of Rural Tourism—A Study Based on the 10 Most Popular Rural Tourism Destinations in China
Authors: Zheng Tongtong , Yu Jinfeng , Cheng Qian , Pan Haiyin
Published: January 2023

Short-distance rural tourism has become a major form of tourism in China in recent years, as problems caused by urbanization emerge and because of the strict restrictions on the flow of people during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study takes the ten most popular rural tourism destinations in China from 2011 to 2021 as the research object. First, the grounded theory is used to construct the impact model of tourists’ authenticity perception on the sustainable development of rural tourism. The results show that tourists’ perception of rural tourism authenticity includes four dimensions, namely, visual perception, embodied perception, using perception, and interactive perception. With local attachment as the intermediary, authentic perception has a positive effect on the sustainable development of rural tourism, including economic sustainability, ecological sustainability, and cultural sustainability. In the early stage of tourism development, tourists mainly focus on visual authenticity. As tourists are deeply involved in rural tourism, they will pay more attention to interactive authenticity. Then, based on AHP, the measurement index was constructed and a questionnaire survey was conducted among ten villages to verify the effectiveness and universality of the model.
Predictors of Upcycling in the Highly Industrialised West: A Survey across Three Continents of Australia, Europe, and North America
Authors: Sung Kyungeun , Ku Lis , Yoon JungKyoon , Kim Chajoong
Published: January 2023

Upcycling, as a way to reutilise resources, offers a promising alternative to production and consumption based on virgin materials. Despite the growing academic and industrial interest in recent years, there is a lack of large-scale cross-country or cross-regional studies that systematically investigate influencing factors for consumer upcycling behaviour. By drawing on social psychological theories of interpersonal behaviour and planned behaviour, this study investigated predictors of upcycling behaviour in five highly industrialised countries of three continents: Australia, Canada, Germany, UK, and USA. Results showed that intention and perceived behavioural control (confidence in abilities) were the most important factors for upcycling. Theoretical and practical implications from this study are discussed in the context of efforts to scale up global upcycling.
Exploring Congruence in Global Sport Governance between Environmental Policy and Practice
Authors: Chatzigianni Efthalia (Elia) , Mallen Cheryl
Published: January 2023

Global sport governance and environmental sustainability is a novel topic in the academic literature. This paper explores global sport governance with respect to the congruence exhibited between website disclosures of environmental policy and the implementation in practice by the Association of Summer Olympic International Federations (ASOIF). Congruence is noted as a requirement for success. To begin, this paper discusses the notions of global sport governance, environmental policy and governance, and congruence for environmental sustainability. Next, content analysis is used to explore the various environmental disclosures and initiatives by the ASOIF. The results provide evidence of the environmental governance conducted by the sport organizations. A total of 44% of the organizations under study did not report any environmental disclosures or initiatives; however, the majority supported the growth of environmental action by sport with disclosures on their websites. The results outline the current achievements with respect to congruence through three key elements, including formulated strategies, policy development, and implementation, which are noted as leading to successful environmental sustainability. This study offers a baseline concerning the status of these international sport organizations and the pursuit of environmental sustainability.
Research on Value Evaluation and Impact Mechanism of Water Ecological Services in Mountainous Cities: A Case Study of Xiangxi Prefecture
Authors: Zhang Suifeng , Zhang Wang , Liu Canhua
Published: January 2023

To have a more comprehensive understanding of the water ecological services of Xiangxi, the index system of water ecological service is constructed and the intensity of its influencing factors founded on the geographic detector model (GDM) is obtained in this paper. Then, the water ecological service index of eight cities in Xiangxi to evaluate the function level is determined. It is proved that: (a) The overall service value of water cultural function as a key factor in the construction of water ecological services, soil conservation value, and water supply value are relatively poor. (b) The value of the water ecological culture function type is the largest, with an overall value of 353.32 billion yuan. The value of water resources supply is the smallest, with a value of only 4.37 billion yuan, which indicates that human activities have a strong interference with the service function of the water ecosystem. (c) Based on GDM, four factors, including precipitation, resident population, sewage discharge, and water quality compliance rate, have a significant impact on water ecological services. Among them, per capita GDP(X7) > vegetation coverage (X6) > precipitation (X2) > resident population (X4), which further clearly explains the impact intensity of mountain climate basic conditions and human socio-economic activities on water ecological services. The results can offer a practical basis for the spatial development and protection of the water ecosystem to coordinate humans and the environment.
Factors Affecting Employment Stability of Labor Immigration: Implications for Sustainable Development
Authors: Fan Jianrong , Huang Zhibin , Cao Jianwei , Wu Yaqi
Published: January 2023

Effectively improving employment stability is the key to accelerating the sustainable development of Chinese-style labor migration. Based on a household questionnaire survey, combined with the characteristics of labor migrants, this study uses SEM to analyze the factors that affect the employment stability of labor migrants. The results show that the data fit the model well, and all the hypotheses proposed in this study are supported. The factors affecting the employment stability of labor migrants are threefold: relocation satisfaction is the premise, relocation adaptability is the key, and subjective human capital-dedicated status is the foundation. Observed variables that have a significant impact on latent variables are also explored. The main survey results show that labor migrants have high relocation satisfaction and relocation adaptability, and subjective human capital and employment status are relatively low. According to the research results, measures are put forward to further improve the employment stability of labor migrants.
Simulation of Rainfall Erosivity Dynamics in Romania under Climate Change Scenarios
Authors: Patriche Cristian Valeriu , Roșca Bogdan , Pîrnău Radu Gabriel , Vasiliniuc Ionuț , Irimia Liviu Mihai
Published: January 2023

Soil erosion is triggered by rainfall through the detachment of soil particles and their transport downslope, playing a key role in soil erosion models. Together with the vegetation cover, rainfall is a temporal dynamic factor, inducing corresponding time variations of erosion rates. Under current climate change, rainfall is also changing its characteristics and our study aimed to reveal whether these changes will significantly affect rainfall erosivity in Romania, and implicitly the soil erosion. To achieve this purpose, we developed a statistical non-parametric model for predicting rainfall erosivity on the basis on the modified Fournier index and applied it to future precipitation evolution scenarios. The precipitation data were extracted from the CHESLA database for the Romanian territory for two climate change contrasting scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5). Average predictions from five selected climate models were used in order to minimize prediction uncertainty. The results show that rainfall erosivity is likely to increase, at least during the 2041–2060 period, especially in the south-western, western and eastern part of the country, which may cause a corresponding increase in soil erosion rates, with an average of 1–2 t ha−1 yr−1. During the 2061–2080 period, rainfall erosivity is likely to decrease in central and eastern Romania.
Blockchain in Online Learning: A Systematic Review and Bibliographic Visualization
Authors: Zhao Mao , Liu Wei , Saif Abu Naser Mohammad , Wang Bo , Rupa Rasheda Akter , Islam K. M. Anwarul , Rahman S. M. Masudur , Hafiz Nusrat , Mostafa Rehnuma , Rahman Mohammad Anisur
Published: January 2023

In the contemporary era of global and sustainable information management, blockchain has made a cutting-edge transformation in online learning. To apprehend this new trajectory, this current systematic review with bibliographic visualization aims to identify the thematic clusters of underlying aspects concerning the sustainable nexus of blockchain and online learning. Using the updated guidelines of the PRISMA flowchart, a total of 434 scholarly research papers from the mainstream research databases, i.e., Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect, were inspected to be categorized into 15 relevant publications. Bibliographic data were assembled and analyzed accordingly to construct network visualization maps, such as co-authorship, citation, co-citation, bibliographic coupling, and term co-occurrence using VOSviewer 1.6.18. Significant terms were reported and later cross-mapped with those identified by critically reviewing the applicable 15 papers. Standardized scholarship, behavior pattern, and digital badging have been found and derived as themes from the connected clusters. Therefore, current research findings reveal these three broad clutches of themes concerning the sustainable nexus of blockchain and online learning.
Environmental, Social and Governance Performance: Analysis of CEO Power and Corporate Risk
Authors: Zhao Yan , Elahi Ehsan , Khalid Zainab , Sun Xuegang , Sun Fang
Published: January 2023

This study explores the relationship between a company’s Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance, and corporate risk. Moreover, the study emphasizes how CEO power moderates this relationship. Using a sample of Chinese A-share listed enterprises from 2011 to 2018, it is found that better ESG performance can reduce firms’ risk. The negative relationship between ESG performance and corporate is stronger for the company with greater CEO power. This link is weaker for state-owned firms and stronger for firms with lower institutional investor holdings. Furthermore, ESG performance mainly affects enterprise risk through three channels: firm reputation, information transparency, and internal control. Generally, firms with better ESG performance are more likely to have sound risk management frameworks. Our findings provide empirical evidence for implementing an ESG information disclosure system and promoting responsible investment in the capital market.
Modeling and Analysis of Proof-Based Strategies for Distributed Consensus in Blockchain-Based Peer-to-Peer Networks
Authors: Alrowaily Majed Abdullah , Alghamdi Mansoor , Alkhazi Ibrahim , Hassanat Ahmad B. , Arbab Musab Mutasim Saeed , Liu Charles Z.
Published: January 2023

Blockchain technology has a wide range of applicability in the fields of transportation infrastructure construction and maintenance, transportation big data analysis and application, expressway toll collection, and logistics. The core technology lies in the distributed, decentralized, immutable, and programmable features brought about by consensus. This paper studies the dynamic analytical modeling of Proof-Based Consensus (PBC) strategies in blockchain systems, focusing on basic strategies, including Proof of Work (PoW), Proof of Stake (PoS), Proof of Authority (PoA), and Proof of Luck (PoL), which can be extended to other PBC models. We focus on modeling these typical strategies and discuss their solution characteristics in terms of algorithmic mechanisms and principles. The relevant results can be used for quantitative analysis and evaluation of distributed consensus based on the model.
Characterization of Traffic Accidents Based on Long-Horizon Aggregated and Disaggregated Data
Authors: Shokry Sherif , Rashwan Naglaa K. , Hemdan Seham , Alrashidi Ali , Wahaballa Amr M.
Published: January 2023

For sustainable transportation systems, modeling road traffic accidents is essential in order to formulate measures to reduce their harmful impacts on society. This study investigated the outcomes of using different datasets in traffic accident models with a low number of variables that can be easily manipulated by practitioners. Long-horizon aggregated and disaggregated road traffic accident datasets on Egyptian roads (for five years) were used to compare the model’s fit for different data groups. This study analyzed the results of k-means data clustering and classified the data into groups to compare the fit of the base model (Smeed’s model and different types of regression models). The results emphasized that the aggregated data used had less efficiency compared with the disaggregated data. It was found that the classification of the disaggregated dataset into reasonable groups improved the model’s fit. These findings may help in the better utilization of the available road traffic accident data for determining the best-fitting model that can assist decision-makers to choose suitable road traffic accident prevention measures.
Demand Response Management of a Residential Microgrid Using Chaotic Aquila Optimization
Authors: Kujur Sushmita , Dubey Hari Mohan , Salkuti Surender Reddy
Published: January 2023

In this paper, Chaotic Aquila Optimization has been proposed for the solution of the demand response program of a grid-connected residential microgrid (GCRMG) system. Here, the main objective is to optimize the scheduling pattern of connected appliances of the building such that overall user cost are minimized under the dynamic price rate of electricity. The GCRMG model considered for analysis is equipped with a fuel cell, combined heat and power (CHP), and a battery storage system. It has to control and schedule the thermostatically controlled deferrable and interruptible appliances of the building optimally. A multipowered residential microgrid system with distinct load demand for appliances and dynamic electricity price makes the objective function complex and highly constrained in nature, which is difficult to solve efficiently. For the solution of such a complex highly constrained optimization problem, both Chaotic Aquila Optimization (CAO) and Aquila optimization (AO) algorithms are implemented, and their performance is analyzed separately. Obtained simulation results in terms of optimal load scheduling and corresponding user cost reveal the better searching and constrained handling capability of AO. In addition, experimental results show that a sinusoidal map significantly improves the performances of AO. Comparison of results with other reported methods are also made, which supports the claim of superiority of the proposed approach.
Firm Performance, Corporate Social Responsibility and the Impact of Earnings Management during COVID-19: Evidence from MENA Region
Authors: Aqabna Sharif Mohammad , Aga Mehmet , Jabari Huthayfa Nabeel
Published: January 2023

This study examines the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firm performance in the MENA region before and after COVID-19. It also seeks to understand how earnings management moderates that relationship. The final study sample consisted of 661 firm-year observations from 2007 to 2021. This study employed the random effect estimation (RE) method to examine the relationships and used GMM regression for robustness to investigate the results’ consistency. The RE findings demonstrate that environmental, social, and governance (ESG) scores have a favorable impact on return on assets (ROA), even after adjusting for COVID-19. Regarding the moderating effect of EM, the outcome shows that CSR has an insignificant positive impact on financial performance. However, the results demonstrate that ESG has little impact on ROE. Additionally, the findings show a strong positive link between ESG and Tobin’s Q. This study provides policymakers, board directors, and managers with a set of recommendations that are relevant to the context by enabling a better understanding of how managers react to CSR disclosure and the impact of minimizing earnings manipulation on firm performance.
The Possibility of Implementation of West Ukrainian Paleogene Glauconite–Quartz Sands in the Building Industry: A Case Study
Authors: Trach Yuliia , Melnychuk Victor , Stadnyk Oleksandr , Trach Roman , Bujakowski Filip , Kiersnowska Agnieszka , Rutkowska Gabriela , Skakun Leonid , Szer Jacek , Koda Eugeniusz
Published: January 2023

The integrated use of minerals facilitates the reduction in the impact of mining on the environment. Many industries are in need of quartz sand in huge quantities. Quality requirements for quartz sand often refer to a high percentage of SiO2 and low content of Fe2O3, as well as the absence of clay impurities. The extraction of conditioned quartz sands and their close geographic location to consumers are economically profitable. Due to their wide distribution in Ukraine and their subsurface occurrence, glauconite-bearing Paleogene sands attract special attention. It has been experimentally confirmed that such sands are capable of dry magnetic separation. As a result of dry magnetic separation, three magnetic fractions and a nonmagnetic fraction were isolated. Glauconite was the dominant mineral in the magnetic fraction at 0.8 Tl. Their content was 5.1% and 2.8% in sand, respectively. The nonmagnetic fractions obtained from two studied samples were at 80.4 and 80.7%, respectively. XRF analyses showed that in each nonmagnetic fraction the content of SiO2 is at 96.9 wt.% and 93.7 wt.%, and Fe2O3 at 0.26 wt.% and 0.87 wt.%, respectively. In XRD, the nonmagnetic fractions contained 94.8% and 93.1% of sand, and 0.8% and 1.9% of glauconite, respectively. The values of the fineness moduli for the nonmagnetic fractions were 1.10 and 1.85. The size classes of quartz sands were 0.63 + 0 mm and −0.8 + 0 mm. Compared with current Ukrainian standards, the nonmagnetic fractions can be used in the building industry as well as in the manufacturing of glass, with the addition of a certain amount of glass from recycling.
Se⋯π Chalcogen Bonding in 1,2,4-Selenodiazolium Tetraphenylborate Complexes
Authors: Sapronov Alexander A. , Kubasov Alexey S. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Artemjev Alexey A. , Burkin Gleb M. , Dukhnovsky Evgeny A. , Chizhov Alexander O. , Kritchenkov Andreii S. , Gomila Rosa M. , Frontera Antonio , Tskhovrebov Alexander G.
Published: January 2023

The series of substituted 1,2,4-selenodiazolium tetraphenylborate complexes were synthesized via cyclization between 2-pyridylselenylchloride, followed by the anion metathesis, and fully characterized. The utilization of tetraphenylborate anion, a strong π-electron donor via its phenyl rings, promoted the formation of assemblies exhibiting selenium–π interactions. The chalcogen bonding (ChB) interactions involving the π-systems of the tetraphenylborate anion were studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, where “mutated” anions were used to estimate the strength of the Se···π chalcogen bonds. Moreover, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surfaces were used to investigate the electron-rich and poor regions of the ion pairs. The quantum theory of atoms-in-molecules (QTAIM) and the noncovalent interaction (NCI) plot methods based on the topology of the electron density were used and combined to characterize the ChBs. The investigation reported herein disclosed that the formation of symmetrical dimers can be broken by the introduction of a stronger π-acceptor and, consequently, forming stronger Se···π contacts with selenodiazolium cations.
CP Asymmetry in the Ξ Hyperon Sector
Authors: Liu Hao , Zhang Jingxu , Wang Xiongfei
Published: January 2023

The Standard Model of particle physics has achieved great success in describing the fundamental particles and their interactions, but there are still some issues that have not been addressed yet. One of the key puzzles is to figure out why there is so much more matter than antimatter in the Universe, regarded as the CP asymmetry. The Ξ hyperon with strangeness S=−2, sometimes so-called the doubly-strange baryon, can provide key information to probe the asymmetry of the matter and antimatter. In this review, we discuss the studies of CP asymmetry in Ξ hyperon decay at E756, HyperCP and BESIII experiments.
Bi-Condition of Existence for a Compatible Directed Order on an Arbitrary Field
Authors: Schwartz Niels , Yang YiChuan
Published: January 2023

One proves that a field carries a compatible directed order if and only if it has characteristic 0 and is real or has a transcendence degree of at least 1 over the field of rational numbers.
Double Formable Integral Transform for Solving Heat Equations
Authors: Saadeh Rania , Sedeeg Abdelilah K. , Ghazal Bayan , Gharib Gharib
Published: January 2023

Chemistry, physics, and many other applied fields depend heavily on partial differential equations. As a result, the literature contains a variety of techniques that all have a symmetry goal for solving partial differential equations. This study introduces a new double transform known as the double formable transform. New results on partial derivatives and the double convolution theorem are also presented, together with the definition and fundamental characteristics of the proposed double transform. Moreover, we use a new approach to solve a number of symmetric applications with different characteristics on the heat equation to demonstrate the usefulness of the provided transform in solving partial differential equations.
Tree-Based Mix-Order Polynomial Fusion Network for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Tang Jiajia , Hou Ming , Jin Xuanyu , Zhang Jianhai , Zhao Qibin , Kong Wanzeng
Published: January 2023

Multimodal sentiment analysis is an actively growing field of research, where tensor-based techniques have demonstrated great expressive efficiency in previous research. However, existing sequential sentiment analysis methods only focus on a single fixed-order representation space with a specific order, which results in the local optimal performance of the sentiment analysis model. Furthermore, existing methods could only employ a single sentiment analysis strategy at each layer, which indeed limits the capability of exploring comprehensive sentiment properties. In this work, the mixed-order polynomial tensor pooling (MOPTP) block is first proposed to adaptively activate the much more discriminative sentiment properties among mixed-order representation subspaces with varying orders, leading to relatively global optimal performance. Using MOPTP as a basic component, we further establish a tree-based mixed-order polynomial fusion network (TMOPFN) to explore multi-level sentiment properties via the parallel procedure. Indeed, TMOPFN allows using multiple sentiment analysis strategies at the same network layer simultaneously, resulting in the improvement of expressive power and the great flexibility of the model. We verified TMOPFN on three multimodal datasets with various experiments, and find it can obtain state-of-the-art or competitive performance.
Solanum nigrum Fruit Extract Modulates Immune System Activity of Mealworm Beetle, Tenebrio molitor L.
Authors: Urbański Arkadiusz , Konopińska Natalia , Bylewska Natalia , Gmyrek Radosław , Spochacz-Santoro Marta , Bufo Sabino Aurelio , Adamski Zbigniew
Published: January 2023

Here, we report the first evidence concerning the modulation of insect immune system activity after applying Solanum nigrum fruit extract (EXT). We focused on two main issues: (1) is EXT cytotoxic for Tenebrio molitor haemocytes? and (2) how EXT affects the basic immune mechanisms of T. molitor. The results indicate cytotoxic action of 0.01 and 0.1% EXT on beetle haemocytes. Both the injection of EXT and incubating haemocytes with the EXT solution on microscopic slides significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells. However, 24 h after injection of 0.1% EXT cytotoxic effect of the tested extract probably was masked by the increased number of circulating haemocytes. Application of 0.01 and 0.1% EXT led to impairment of the activity of basic immune mechanisms such as phenoloxidase activity and the lysozyme-like antimicrobial activity of T. molitor haemolymph. Moreover, the EXT elicited significant changes in the expression level of selected immune genes. However, some of the immunomodulatory effects of EXT were different in beetles with and without an activated immune system. The obtained results are an essential step toward a complete understanding of the EXT mode of action on the T. molitor physiology and its potential usage in pest control.
Dynamics of a Cosmological Model in f(R,T) Gravity: II. In Three-Dimensional Space
Authors: Liu Jianwen , Wang Ruifang , Gao Fabao
Published: January 2023

Based on the results discussed on the invariant planes in the known literature [Universe 2022, 8, 365] for the flat FLRW space-time universe model with ideal fluid under the gravity of f(R,T)=ξRα+ζ−T, this paper continues to describe the global dynamics of this model in the three-dimensional space containing infinity through dynamic system analysis. Moreover, the cosmological solutions of all the physical significance regions restricted by three invariant planes are also fully discussed.
New RT-PCR Assay for the Detection of Current and Future SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Marchini Antonio , Petrillo Mauro , Parrish Amy , Buttinger Gerhard , Tavazzi Simona , Querci Maddalena , Betsou Fay , Elsinga Goffe , Medema Gertjan , Abdelrahman Tamir , Gawlik Bernd , Corbisier Philippe
Published: January 2023

Multiple lineages of SARS-CoV-2 have been identified featuring distinct sets of genetic changes that confer to the virus higher transmissibility and ability to evade existing immunity. The continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2 may pose challenges for current treatment options and diagnostic tools. In this study, we have first evaluated the performance of the 14 WHO-recommended real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assays currently in use for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and found that only one assay has reduced performance against Omicron. We then developed a new duplex real-time RT-PCR assay based on the amplification of two ultra-conserved elements present within the SARS-CoV-2 genome. The new duplex assay successfully detects all of the tested SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (including Omicron sub-lineages BA.4 and BA.5) from both clinical and wastewater samples with high sensitivity and specificity. The assay also functions as a one-step droplet digital RT-PCR assay. This new assay, in addition to clinical testing, could be adopted in surveillance programs for the routine monitoring of SARS-CoV-2’s presence in a population in wastewater samples. Positive results with our assay in conjunction with negative results from an Omicron-specific assay may provide timely indication of the emergence of a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant in a certain community and thereby aid public health interventions.
Design and Characterization of Mutated Variants of the Oncotoxic Parvoviral Protein NS1
Authors: Hauswirth Patrick , Graber Philipp , Buczak Katarzyna , Mancuso Riccardo Vincenzo , Schenk Susanne Heidi , Nüesch Jürg P. F. , Huwyler Jörg
Published: January 2023

Oncotoxic proteins such as the non-structural protein 1 (NS1), a constituent of the rodent parvovirus H1 (H1-PV), offer a novel approach for treatment of tumors that are refractory to other treatments. In the present study, mutated NS1 variants were designed and tested with respect to their oncotoxic potential in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. We introduced single point mutations of previously described important residues of the wild-type NS1 protein and a deletion of 114 base pairs localized within the N-terminal domain of NS1. Cell-viability screening with HepG2 and Hep3B hepatocarcinoma cells transfected with the constructed NS1-mutants led to identification of the single-amino acid NS1-mutant NS1-T585E, which led to a 30% decrease in cell viability as compared to NS1 wildtype. Using proteomics analysis, we could identify new interaction partners and signaling pathways of NS1. We could thus identify new oncotoxic NS1 variants and gain insight into the modes of action of NS1, which is exclusively toxic to human cancer cells. Our in-vitro studies provide mechanistic explanations for the observed oncolytic effects. Expression of NS1 variants had no effect on cell viability in NS1 unresponsive control HepG2 cells or primary mouse hepatocytes. The availability of new NS1 variants in combination with a better understanding of their modes of action offers new possibilities for the design of innovative cancer treatment strategies.
Genetic Characteristics of Measles Viruses Isolated in Taiwan between 2015 and 2020
Authors: Cheng Wen-Yueh , Chen Bao-Shen , Wang Hsiao-Chi , Liu Ming-Tsan
Published: January 2023

A genetic analysis of circulating measles virus (MeV) provides strong evidence of an interruption in endemic measles and supports the elimination status of this disease. This study investigated 219 MeVs isolated between 2015 and 2020. Based on the 450 nucleotide sequences of the nucleoprotein gene (N-450), three genotypes of the H1, D8 and B3 with 8, 18 and 6 different N-450 sequences, respectively, were identified. The H1 genotype virus has not circulated in Taiwan since 2017, and the D8 and B3 genotype MeVs became dominant between 2018 and 2019. Different D8 genotype variants were imported from neighboring countries, and the majority of MeV variants were detected only for a short period. However, MVs/Gir Somnath.IND/42.16[D8], a named strain designated by the World Health Organization (WHO), was detected over 2 years. To explore whether the endemic transmission of measles has been underestimated, another sequence window of the hypervariable, noncoding regions between the matrix (M) and fusion (F) genes (MF-NCR) was introduced to clarify the transmission chain. From the chronological sequence analysis of MeVs with N-450 and MF-NCR sequence windows, no endemic MeV variants lasted over 4 weeks, providing strong evidence to support the contention that Taiwan has reached the status for measles elimination.
Reduced Seasonal Coronavirus Antibody Responses in Children Following COVID-19 Mitigation Measures, The Netherlands
Authors: Sikkema Reina S. , Bruin Erwin de , Ramakers Christian , Bentvelsen Robbert , Li Wentao , Bosch Berend-Jan , Westerhuis Brenda , Haagmans Bart , Koopmans Marion P. G. , Fraaij Pieter L. A.
Published: January 2023

SARS-CoV-2 prevention and control measures did not only impact SARS-CoV-2 circulation, but also the timing and prevalence of other seasonal respiratory viruses. Especially in children, information on exposure and infections to seasonal coronaviruses as well as SARS-CoV-2 in the first year of the pandemic is largely lacking. Therefore, we set up a one-year serological survey in a large tertiary hospital in the Netherlands. We show that seasonal coronavirus seroprevalence significantly decreased in 2021 in children less than one year, most likely due to COVID-19 control measures. The SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in children and adolescents increased from 0.4% to 11.3%, the highest in adolescents. This implies higher exposure rates in adolescents as compared to the general population (>18 years old). It is clear that there have been significant changes in the circulation and subsequent immunity against most respiratory pathogens as a result of the mitigation measures. The implications on shorter as well as longer term are still largely unknown, but the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and subsequent control measures will continue to affect the dynamics of other pathogens.
Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: An Indian Perspective of Vaccination and Management
Authors: Chavda Vivek , Balar Pankti , Vaghela Dixa , Solanki Hetvi , Vaishnav Akta , Hala Vivek , Vora Lalitkumar
Published: January 2023

Omicron variants have highly influenced the entire globe. It has a high rate of transmissibility, which makes its management tedious. There are various subtypes of omicron, namely BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, and BA.5. Currently, one omicron subvariant BF.7 is also immersed in some parts of India. Further studies are required for a better understanding of the new immersing SARS-CoV-2 subvariant of the omicron. They differ in the mutation of the spike proteins, which alters their attachment to the host receptor and hence modifies their virulence and adaptability. Delta variants have a great disastrous influence on the entire world, especially in India. While overcoming it, another mutant catches the pace. The Indian population is highly affected by omicron variants. It alters the entire management and diagnosis system against COVID-19. It demanded forcemeat in the health care system, both qualitatively and quantitively, to cope with the omicron wave. The alteration in spike protein, which is the major target of vaccines, leads to varied immunization against the subvariants. The efficacy of vaccines against the new variant was questioned. Every vaccine had a different shielding effect on the new variant. The hesitancy of vaccination was a prevalent factor in India that might have contributed to its outbreak. The prevalence of omicron, monkeypox, and tomato flu shared some similarities and distinct features when compared to their influence on the Indian population. This review emphasizes the changes omicron brings with it and how the Indian health care system outrage this dangerous variant.
Jatrorrhizine Suppresses Murine-Norovirus-Triggered N-GSDMD-Dependent Pyroptosis in RAW264.7 Macrophages
Authors: Fu Ming , Chen Nini , Zhou Yanhe , Chen Sidong , Xu Wanfu , Gong Sitang , Geng Lanlan
Published: January 2023

Human norovirus (HNV) is one of the emerging and rapidly spreading groups of pathogens and the main cause of epidemic viral gastroenteritis globally. Due to a lack of in vitro culture systems and suitable animal models for HNV infection, murine norovirus (MNV) has become a common model. A recent study showed that MNV activates NLRP3 inflammasome leading to pyroptosis. Jatrorrhizine (JAT) is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Coptis Chinensis, which has been proven to have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects. However, whether JAT has an effect on norovirus gastroenteritis and the underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear. Here, we found that JAT could ameliorate NLRP3-N-GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis induced by MNV infection through inhibiting the MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathways and decrease MNV replication in RAW264.7 macrophages, suggesting that JAT has the potential to be a therapeutic agent for treating norovirus gastroenteritis.
CAR T-Cell Immunotherapy Treating T-ALL: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Ren Anqi , Tong Xiqin , Xu Na , Zhang Tongcun , Zhou Fuling , Zhu Haichuan
Published: January 2023

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), a form of T-cell malignancy, is a typically aggressive hematological malignancy with high rates of disease relapse and a poor prognosis. Current guidelines do not recommend any specific treatments for these patients, and only allogeneic stem cell transplant, which is associated with potential risks and toxicities, is a curative therapy. Recent clinical trials showed that immunotherapies, including monoclonal antibodies, checkpoint inhibitors, and CAR T therapies, are successful in treating hematologic malignancies. CAR T cells, which specifically target the B-cell surface antigen CD19, have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in the treatment of B-cell acute leukemia, and some progress has been made in the treatment of other hematologic malignancies. However, the development of CAR T-cell immunotherapy targeting T-cell malignancies appears more challenging due to the potential risks of fratricide, T-cell aplasia, immunosuppression, and product contamination. In this review, we discuss the current status of and challenges related to CAR T-cell immunotherapy for T-ALL and review potential strategies to overcome these limitations.
Corneal Adverse Events Associated with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kuziez Lana , Eleiwa Taher K. , Chauhan Muhammad Z. , Sallam Ahmed B. , Elhusseiny Abdelrahman M. , Saeed Hajirah N.
Published: January 2023

Vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have played an important global role in reducing morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 infection. While the benefits of vaccination greatly outweigh the risks, adverse events do occur. Non-ocular adverse effects of the vaccines have been well-documented, but descriptions of ophthalmic effects remain limited. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of reported cases of corneal adverse events after receiving vaccination against COVID-19 and to compile existing clinical data to bring attention to these phenomena. Our review discusses corneal graft rejection, including proposed mechanisms, herpetic keratitis, and other reported corneal complications. Ophthalmologists and primary care physicians should be aware of such possible associations.