bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vulnerability status of longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) in Southwest Aceh waters, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmah A , Makhfirah A M , Damora A , Miswar E , Aprilla R M , Sembiring A
Published: November 2019

Ujung Serangga fishing port is one of fishing port located in a Fisheries Management Area of Republic Indonesia 572 (WPP572), located in Southwest Aceh. One of catch landed is longtail tuna caught by mini purse seine. Longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) is a species from the neritic tuna, where this species is often the target of catches in the coastal waters of Southwest Aceh [1,2]. This species has a high economic value in Southwest Aceh but also has a lack of data, both biological and catch production data. This research aims to assess the vulnerability status of longtail tuna in Fishing Port of Ujung Serangga. This research was conducted from December 2018 to February 2019. Analysis of longtail tuna using Productivity and Susceptibility Analysis (PSA) software. This analysis is one method that can be used to analyze the intensity of fish stocks using 22 attributes of productivity and susceptibility parameters. Longtail tuna has a productivity value at 2.30 and susceptibility value at 2.08. Vulnerability index of this species is 1.29. This value indicated that the stock status of longtail tuna landed in Southwest Aceh was low vulnerable or still in the good category.
Grain size distribution analysis of Lhong Beach, Aceh Province
Authors: Syarif N , Isman R S , Agustina S , Setiawan I , Purnawan S
Published: November 2019

This paper discusses the horizontal and vertical distribution of sediments on the coast of Lhong Beach, Aceh Province. A total of 3 stations located along the coast were chosen to represent the research location. At each station, data collection was carried out twice, each in the lower swash zone (LSZ) and upper swash zone (USZ). Sediment sampling was carried out in November 2018. The coring method was applied vertically to a depth of 15 cm to obtain three sediment layers with the each layer of 5 cm thickness. The wet sieve technique was applied to separate each sediment sample based on the size of the grain. Sediment statistical analysis was carried out based on the Folk and Ward formula. The sediment conditions obtained for the USZ are sand medium; moderately well sorted; fine skewed to symmetrical; mesokurtic to leptokurtic. While for the LSZ, the condition of the sand medium is obtained; moderatedly to moderately well-sorted; coarse skewed; mesokurtic to leptokurtic.
Medical waste water management in Bhayangkara General Hospital at Medan city towards green hospital concept
Authors: Tampubolon R , Harahap R H , Nababan E S M
Published: November 2019

Bhayangkara General Hospital is one of the hospitals in Medan City, which is located in the official residential area of the Mobile Brigade personnels of the Sumatera Utara Regional Police, therefore this Hospital is considered feasible to be used as a research location to see how the handling of medical waste water is managed properly. This type of research is a mixed method between qualitative and quantitative research. The purpose of this research was to determine the handling of medical waste water management at the Bhayangkara General Hospital Medan towards the Green Hospital development program. The green hospital concept is a PROFER criteria, one of the indicators is from the aspect of waste management (KLHK). Respondents in this research amounted to 40 people who were taken purposely (purposive sampling). Data were analyzed using CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis). Based on the processed data through CFA, an analysis of several related variables was obtained, namely; the variable of liquid waste (Y) Measurement indicators of physical and chemical parameters (1.00 coefficient); treatment of waste water management installation (0.2 coefficient); Monitoring of waste water management installation (0.2 coefficient); Utilization of final Results of waste water management installation from the water waste (0.9 coefficient).
Effect of biofloc density and crude protein level in the diet on the growth performance, survival rate, and feed conversion ratio of Black Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon)
Authors: Supriatna A , Nurhatijah N , Sarong M A , Muchlisin Z A
Published: November 2019

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the best combination of biofloc density in culture media and percentage crude protein content on feed on growth performance, survival rate and feed utilization of the black tiger shrimp(Penaeus monodon)culture system. The Completely Factorial Random Design (CFRD) was used in this study. The first tested factor is the percentage of crude protein in the diet at three levels namely; 35%, 30%, 25%, and the second factor is biofloc density at in three levels namely; 5mlL−1, 10mlL−1, 15 ml L−1. The results showed that the combination of 35% crude protein combined with 10mlL−1biofloc gave the best results for all measured parameters, with a survival rate of 100%, absolute growth rate was 17.207g, daily growth rate was 0.58g day−1, specific growth rate was 3.528% day−1, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was 0.974, and the feed efficiency was 102.7%. It is concluded that the best combination of crude protein and biofloc density that 10 ml L−1floc and 35% crude protein diet.
Numerical modeling of COD transportation in Guangxi coastal bays: A short communication
Authors: Zhu D , Chen B , Dong D , Ya H , Gao J , Wang Y , Li P
Published: November 2019

A three-dimensional numerical model of Guangxi coastal hydro-dynamical environment was constructed based on ECOMSED to study the COD transport with fine grid based on latest coastline and bathymetry data. The experiment results showed that the trace of COD was mainly affected by the flood and ebb tide in coastal regions; The area in Qinzhou Bay with COD concentration exceeding 1mg/L, 3mg/L and 6mg/L on the 31th day was 60.5km2, 14.8km2 and 3.7km2 respectively. The corresponding results at Nanliu river estuary was 64.7km2, 23.1km2 and 0 km2 respectively. The COD-polluted water at the Nanliu river esturay spread more widely but no concentration larger than 6mg/L was found, which could be explained by the different topographic conditions in these two places. The vertical distribution of COD transport was approximately the same as in surface, except that the area exceeding 1mg/L decreased slightly in the middle and bottom layer.
Laboratory Test for the Improvement of River Bends Towards the Landslide
Authors: Hariyanto V L
Published: November 2019

The crib is a protective building on the river wall towards the flow rate of the river. The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of crib installation with variation in angle at the river turn towards cliff landslide. The research method used is river modeling, with flume size of 5.00 m long, width in 0.80 m, and height of 0.50 m. The results of the study are: (1) tetra pod installation at the river turn shows an effective gradient pattern at the beginning, middle and end of the turn at the angle installation of 30°, 45° and 30° respectively, while the tetra pod with 60° angle is not effective. (2) installation of gabion crib with angular variation at the river turn can be seen effective gradient pattern at the beginning of entering the turn with 30° crib angle, in the middle of the curve the effective gradient pattern at 45° angle, and at the end of the curve the gradient pattern is effective at 30°, while the gabion crib with 60° angle is not effective to be used at the river turn. (3) aligning the current on the protection and reparation of soil impacting cliff of -5.4 cm, scouring on compacted cliff models of -1.8 cm, and the cliff model protected by crib does not experience scour. The conclusion is that crib protection is more effective than river models with soil improvement (compaction method).
The Effect of Check Dam Installation and Gabion with Distance Variation at River Turn using a Laboratory Test Model
Authors: Wibowo D E , Wardani D W T , Vicky E C P
Published: November 2019

Scour or avalanche is a problem that often occurs in river turn. One of the cliff guard buildings are check dam and gabion. This research aims to determine the effect of the distance variation of check dam and gabion installation at the river turn. This test is hydraulic model test using river flume with turn length of 5 m, width of 0.8 m, and height of 0.5 m with trapezoidal channel. Observation’s held with a constant discharge of 7.07 liters / second for 3 hours, the angle for check dam was 90° with 3 distance variations were 68 cm, 85 cm and 102 cm, while the gabion angle was 30° with distance variation of 17 cm, 34 cm, and 51 cm. The scour occurred in the river model without protection was 4.70 cm, while the scour occurred in the river model with check dam was -4.32 cm (3.08%), -3, respectively. 69 cm (1.21%), -3.72 cm (1.25%). The results of gabion tests were 3.01 cm (7.9%), -1.07cm (0.22%), -2.07 cm (0.27%). The results of the tests showed the check dam reinforcement effectively used at the beginning and the center of the turn, while at the end of the gabion.
Reliability Evaluation of Public Building: Case Study Atrium Premiere Hotel Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Galuh D L C
Published: November 2019

Accordance with Regional Regulation of Sleman Regency No 5/2011, it is important to check the reliability of existing public buildings, to know the capacity of buildings and services to consumers. The study aims to evaluate the reliability of Atrium Premiere Hotel, as one of hotels in Yogyakarta which is located on the main street of Yogyakarta. The methodology used with building inspection data collection and comparison of existing data with PUSLITBANG standard reference Housing and Settlement in 2016 on the inspection process. Building reliability check results based on architectural components, structures, utilities, accessibility, building codes and environments with percentages were 9,9%, 30%, 50%, 4,75% and 5%, respectively. The conclusion of the examination results shows that total value of Atrium Premiere Hotel reliability of 99,65%, so declared reliably.
The Water Quality in PDAM Intake in South Kalimantan Province
Authors: Fitriati U , Novitasari  , Ma’ruf M A , Kurdi H
Published: November 2019

The implementation of water resource management faces some variety of complex problems in line with the increasing number of populations, accompanied by rapid social and economic growth. On the other hand, population growth makes the increasing need of water for various purposes and on the other hand it also creates exploitation of water resource. Water need is increasing along with the population growth as well as the increasing people’s living standard and economic growth. The high population growth rate will also be followed by urban water need hence a study of urban water quality is needed in the regency / city in South Kalimantan Province. The water turbidity in PDAM intake in rainy season is higher than in dry season. Water quality during dry season and rainy season can make good result after the water treatment in PDAM, compared to water sample from the intake tested mainly on turbidity and salinity component.
Dam Break Studies using Hydrologic and Hydraulics Model for Chereh Dam, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
Authors: Winarta B , Juwono P T , Ali M I , Ramli N I
Published: November 2019

This current study is evaluating the risks of Chereh Dam failure. A dam break study basically consists of rainfall analyses; hydrologic modeling; dam breaching analysis and inundation mapping of the resultant flood. Precipitation analyses and development of Intensity Duration Frequency (IDF) curve has been prepared and published in Urban Storm water Management Manual by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage of Malaysia. In here, hydrologic modeling was performed with the HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Modeling System). The results of hydrological analysis revealed that the observed and simulated flow hydrographs in the calibration and confirmation exercises were reasonably close. Furthermore, dam breaching analysis and inundation mapping was executed with the HEC-RAS (River Analysis System). Dam break analysis result will be used to arrange policy of the state or city government in order to minimize the hazards of Chereh Dam failure.
Assessment of economically valuable forms of fruit of the genus Juglans for the creation of forest crops in the Voronezh region
Authors: Slavskiy V
Published: November 2019

Taking into account the emerging trend towards temperature increase in the region of the research in recent years, introduction and cultivation of the genus Juglans in the Voronezh region is a pressing issue. The paper reviews 4 species of nuts – black walnut, Manchurian, gray and heartnut, which are the most promising for the creation of forest crops, because they are the most resistant to adverse factors in the area of introduction among all species of the genus Juglans. Taking into account the specific features and the intense form diversity of nuts of the genus Juglans, an assessment scale was proposed and a regional methodology was developed for assessing the quality of fruits. The quality of the fruits of the forms and types of nuts was determined by the total value of the evaluation criteria, taking into account the level of significance of each trait. The trees species which in aggregate have the best resistance to adverse factors and have acceptable quality fruits (EC = 136 and 188) are black walnut and heartnut. It is these types of the genus Juglans that are primarily recommended for full reforestation and afforestation in the Voronezh region.
Transformation of transport arteries of Russia within the paradigm of green economy in the context of forestry
Authors: Vovchenko N G , Sulimenko O V , Reznichenko S E , Sushkov S I
Published: November 2019

The aim of the article is to find effective growth points for the Russian economy, identify problems hindering the sustainable development according to the green paradigm. The benefits of Russia’s participation in international logistic project of recreating the new Silk Road are researched for forestry industry. Positive dynamics of the forest industry was achieved in 2018: in 10 months of 2018, the industrial production index in the woodworking sector was 109%, in the pulp and paper industry – 113%. Despite the positive trends, the capacity of the industry is far from fully revealed. The share of Russia in world forest turnover is 3% of the global volume unlike such countries as Finland (8%), Sweden (10%), the USA (13%), Canada (17%). The main consumers are China (76%), the Republic of Korea (20%), Japan (4%). Processed timber is acquired by China (83%), the Republic of Korea and Japan (17%). The development of export-oriented woodworking enterprises with high-value-added products in Russia demands a significant transformation of the transport-logistics complex. The article researches the main limitations of the transport system (low density of roads, the high demanding infrastructure investments, high costs of transportation), which do not allow enterprises to work effectively in foreign markets.
The knowledge economy as the basis for innovative development of the Russian forest sector
Authors: Stepanova Yu , Radykova Yu
Published: November 2019

The Russian forest sector is now undergoing global changes related to the development of digitalization and innovation. Raising the innovation level is a strategically important task for the country. It depends on the conditions created for the development of intellectual resources. Forest is a natural capital, partially forming the country’s national wealth. Russia occupies leading positions in the world forest yield. Attraction of innovation to the forest sector is the urgent task. For a long time, forest sector was unattractive for businesses and investors due to the long cultivation cycle, natural risks and large fire losses. Here innovations should come to rescue. They enable to automate biological processes and gain progress in productivity growth. Innovations should not be borrowed technologies, but created using our own resources. Today, scientists from Germany, Italy, and Costa Rica are looking for different approaches increasing forestry innovative potential. We propose to use knowledge for innovative development of the forest sector: there is a direct relationship between the levels of innovative activity and education. The aim of this article is to create instruments for the forestry innovative development, based on the knowledge economy, leading to the innovation formation.
Real-Time PCR and analysis of amplicon melting curves to assess the suitability of SSR loci of Scots pine for multiplexing
Authors: Kalko G , Kotova T
Published: November 2019

Nuclear microsatellite markers are considered to be among the most powerful tools for assessing genetic resources. To date, a great variety of primers for SSR loci of pines has been developed. As regards Scots pine, selection of neutral steadily amplifiable loci not containing null alleles and their multiplexing are high-priority tasks, as there are no generally accepted multiplex panels of loci for this species. Authors of published multiplexes tend not to use loci due to their unstable amplification or the presence of single nucleotide repeats. The aim of the paper was to create the new multiplexes of reliable previously published pine nSSR loci in view of preliminary data based on the analysis of melting curves of products after Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for each locus separately. Initially, microsatellite multiplexes were created using Multiplex Manager 1.0. DNA was extracted by the CTAB method from samples of pine needles. Real-Time PCR was performed in CFX96 thermal cyclers (BIO-RAD, USA). Fragment analysis of PCR products labeled with FAM, HEX and ROX dyes was performed on a 3500 genetic analyzer (Applied Biosystems). GeneScanTM 500 LIZ size standard was used. As a result of the study, 3 multiplexes have been proposed.
Methodology for assessing the sustainability of agricultural production, taking into account its economic efficiency
Authors: Sakharova L , Stryukov M , Zolnikov V
Published: November 2019

The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for assessing the sustainability of agricultural production in the region based on the consideration of factors of two groups: economic and environmental. The task of the research is to develop mathematical tools that allow, based on standard multi-level fuzzy [0,1] - classifiers, to form a comprehensive assessment of the sustainability of agricultural production in the region using a set of heterogeneous ranked indicators. A method was developed that allows: 1) to form a comprehensive assessment of the intensity of agricultural production in the region based on aggregation of indicators of the level of production intensification in agriculture, as well as significant indicators of the level of economic efficiency of production intensification in agriculture for a period of n years; 2) calculate a comprehensive assessment of the impact of agricultural production on the ecology of the region based on the aggregation of indicators reflecting the dynamics of the chemical load on the ecology of the region, soil fertility, the dynamics of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere for the relevant periods; 3) aggregate the obtained estimates into a comprehensive assessment of the sustainability of agricultural production in the region.
Influence of temperature conditions on wood polymer-sand composite
Authors: Storodubtseva T N , Aksomitny A A , Kuznetsov D S
Published: November 2019

The subject of this research is new wood polymer-sand composite and the study of its frost resistance using computer experiment. Industrial waste in the form of sawdust, chips, lumpy waste and polyethylene terephthalate are used as the filler. A computer program has been developed for modelling the structure and physical properties of building blocks from wood polymer-sand composite. The program enables to set (in the windows of the interface form in the program code) geometric and physical parameters of building block and material components, as well as test conditions for cyclic heating and cooling to the maximum temperature during operation. It explores the effect of parameters on internal and surface destruction of building blocks. The program is applicable for a wide range of composite component concentrations, building blocks’ geometric parameters, variety of mechanical and thermal cycling tests. The influence of wood polymer-sand composite formulation on the structure has been studied during thermocyclic testing. The dependences of broken bonds on wood concentration, cartograms of bond breaking of wood polymer-sand composite with a wood concentration from 20 to 80% have been obtained. Recommendations for optimizing the formulation of wood polymer-sand composite blocks are given to minimize bond breaking during thermal cycling.
Innovations as a Source of the Best Available Technique in Russia
Authors: Kuznetsov N G , Tyaglov S G , Ponomareva M A , Rodionova N D
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the article is to determine the development trends of the best available technique installation mechanism and innovative institutions as suppliers of Russian analogues of such techniques in Russia and its regions. The best available techniques are considered in this article as the latest techniques, initially formed in the innovative sector with their subsequent implementation and inclusion in the category of the best available ones. The sources of this technique are considered as regional innovation systems, in which the innovative investigations are created and tested. In this regard, when forming a mechanism for the best available technique installation in the Russian regions, including the forest sector, it is necessary to ensure communication with the innovation sector, which would form the industrial enterprises’ demand for innovative environmental investigations. Taking into consideration the manufacturing industries’ linkage, the necessary innovations in the forest sector have been analyzed. Forestry is a supplier of raw materials for furniture and paper industries. Therefore, the modernization of reference books on the industries should be appropriate and comply with the programs for the forestry development in the Russian Federation.
Forestation potential in recultivation of disturbed lands for reduction of greenhouse gas emission
Authors: Kushnir E A , Grigoriyeva C O , Treshchevskaya E I , Konstantinov A V
Published: November 2019

Forestation during recultivation of disturbed lands may become an additional measure to expand the flow of greenhouse gases for the Russian Federation. The study of forestation potential on disturbed lands is based on analysis of public statistical data on the land distribution according to the grounds as well as data on the areas and growing stocks of forested lands for tree species and age classes in the Leningrad region. In order to establish an potential absorption capacity of recultivated lands, forest stands of the first and second age-classes were chosen as model (with pine, spruce and birch as dominating tree species). On the basis of model forest stands by the method of regional assessment of the forest carbon budget the feasible forestation potential for recultivation of disturbed lands for the areas of Leningrad region is established. Forestation in the stands of the first and second age-classes with dominating of spruce may increase the absorption capacity of the Leningrad region by 1.9 %, stands with dominating of birch by 1.5 % and stands with dominating of pine by 1.3 % per year.
Forest complex in the system of economic security of the Russian Federation
Authors: Pozdeev V L , Azarskaya M A , Mironova O A , Hanafeev F F
Published: November 2019

Forests are an important component of the economic development of the state and people’s livelihoods. They provide not only the needs of the economy for timber, food, but also perform important environmental functions related to the purification of water and air, soil formation, etc. At the same time, in many regions of the world, forest conditions are deteriorating, which determines negative socio-economic and environmental results, which violates the principles of sustainable forest management. The term “sustainable forest management” came into use in 1993, but questions still arise about how to put this concept into practice? The authors of the article concluded that the safety of socio-economic and environmental processes should become a prerequisite for sustainable development. It is economic security with the identification of threats and their further neutralization that can lead the forest industries to the path of sustainable development. Within the framework of expert assessments of the authors and analysis of domestic and foreign literature, four components of the economic security of the forest complex of the Russian Federation were identified: entrepreneurial, food, environmental and foreign economic. Threats to the economic security of the forest complex were characterized. The results of the study show the relationship between the components of economic security and the criteria for sustainable development of management. Meeting the criteria will contribute to the safe development of the forest complex of the Russian Federation.
Innovative approach to the assessment of moisture content of forest areas within the framework of the fundamental multi-layered concept
Authors: Kamalova N S , Evsikova N Yu , Saushkin V V
Published: November 2019

Modern methods of assessing the state of forests are verbal (descriptive). They are usually based on the assessment of environmental factors (air and soil pollution, meteorological data, etc.). The models are deterministic or probabilistic in nature (sometimes the combination of these approaches is observed). Forests are multi-tiered complex systems. The study of such complex systems is poorly designed and fragmentary at the moment. The simulation does not have a serious fundamental concept. The reasons are due to the lack of experimental methods for measuring the main characteristics of the state of forests with controlled accuracy. The fundamental concept of multi-layered representation of forests is justified in the article. The concept enables to develop a formalized model for assessing the relative moisture content in each layer at any time. The current state parameters have a transparent physical meaning. The concept takes into account the impact of the object of such natural factors as rainfall and evaporation rate on the state of the object. The potential difference measured along the radius of the tree trunks with changes in ambient temperature can be an indicator of the moisture content of tree trunks.
Comparative studies of physical models of soil implemented by the method of discrete elements (DEM) on the example of a simple loosening tillage tool
Authors: Bartenev I M , Lysych M N , Shabanov M L , Bukhtoyarov L D
Published: November 2019

A brief review of the methods used to simulate the interaction of soil-tillage tool is given. The EDEM Academic program was used to practically test the possibilities of using the discrete element method (DEM). A brief description of the physical models of this application used to simulate the interaction of the soil-tillage tool is given. To evaluate the selected physical models (Hertz-Mindlin, Hertz-Mindlin JKR, Hysteretic Spring), a virtual soil channel and a model of a simple tillage tool of rectangular shape have been created. The basic parameters of the soil channel, discrete particles and physical models are described. As a result of the research, two components of the traction resistance vector were obtained, the longitudinal component X and the vertical component Z. Data analysis showed that the average values of forces calculated using physical models of Hysteretic Spring and Hertz-Mindlin JKR differ slightly. With a particle radius of 10 mm, they are equal to X – 597 and 592H; Z – 111 and 97H, respectively. More significant differences when comparing these models with the base model Hertz-Mindlin. For example, in comparison with the physical model of the Hysteretic Spring, the component forces X and Z are less than 18.1%. This is due to the introduction of additional forces imitating the adhesion of particles.
Forest fire-fighting soil-thrower: improving the efficiency of the work processes
Authors: Drapalyuk M V , Popikov P I , Stupnikov D S , Malyukov S V
Published: November 2019

The analysis of the work processes of technical equipment used for forest fire control and preventive activities has revealed that they do not meet the requirements of the process flows. The aim of the work was to increase the efficiency of the work processes of new forest fire-fighting soil-thrower by optimizing the parameters of the milling thrower. The optimization task has been to search for the values of the length and width of the milling thrower blades. These values should provide the highest productivity and smallest supplied power with the average range of soil displacement. Based on the optimization results, the optimal blade length of the milling thrower was revealed in the range of 200-230 mm, and the width of the blade was 150-220 mm. With optimal parameters of the working body, a fire-fighting machine throws soil into the fire zone at a distance of up to 21 m. It consumes no more than 38 kW of power, and its productivity is 0.22 m3/s on the average.
Snow-regulating role of forest belts depending on the field area
Authors: Vavin V S , Popov A V , Syromyatnikov V Yu
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the five-year experience of observing the distribution of snow cover and moisture accumulation in snow. It has been made in the system of protective forest belts with different field areas. The studies have been conducted on the basis of the Stone-Steppe oasis. A brief description of climatic conditions, ameliorative role of protective plantings is given. It is noted that the height of snow cover is different in various field areas. At the same time the amount of moisture in snow does not change, which indicates different density. It is established that the larger the area of the field, the higher the density of snow. In spring, the highest moisture content is observed in the forest belts themselves and in the zones adjacent to them on both sides, where the snow trails were located. The length of the zone with increased moisture reserves in spring coincides with the length of the trails. It has been noted that the greatest effect of forest shelter belts was obtained in fields of 90–95 hectares. Such a system of forest belts occupies a smaller area of arable land, without reducing the protective effectiveness of plantations.
Plants as objects of civil law
Authors: Epifanova T V , Romanenko N G , Shatkovskaya T V
Published: November 2019

The article contains the results of the scientific study about plants as a legal object. The basis of the work is the hypothesis that plants belong to the objects of wildlife, because there are metabolism and other biological processes in them. In this regard, it is unacceptable to identify plants with animate nature objects, as only a “living organism” is capable to transmit and replicate genetic material, including genetic material obtained by modern biotechnology. The result of rethinking traditional approaches to the concept of an object is a set of new legal techniques. These techniques, according to the authors, allow to determine the location of live objects in the system of civil rights objects and to develop a classification to optimize legal regulation on the basis of a new methodological approach. Authors propose ways to improve legal regulation of relations in which various types of plants are concerned as legal objects, to give recommendations on the use of plants in civil law, taking into account the proposed classification.
Application of the Finite Difference Method for Modelling Wave Propagation in a Gaseous Medium
Authors: Mondrus Vladimir , Sizov Dmitrii
Published: November 2019

The article contains a solution to the problem of wave propagation in a closed bounded region of the gaseous medium from two linear sources located along the walls of the considered region. To solve the problem, the finite-difference method is used in two simplest modifications: the Euler method and the predictor-corrector method. The boundary of the area is reflective. As a result, the iso-pole potential functions were obtained at different points in time.
Verification Analysis of the Degradation of Frequency Parameters Under the Action of Seismic Load
Authors: Andreev Mikhail , Sidorov Dmitriy
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the results of a numerical study of the effect of local damage to bearing structures on the degradation of frequency parameters during seismic effects. The studies were carried out in the LS-DYNA software package which implemented the nonlinear concrete model — Continuous Surface Cap Model (CSCM). Design models of a building are modelled both with regard to direct reinforcement using volumetric FE (finite elements) and flat FE. The object of modelling is a 3-storey building of cellular framing. The analysis of the results of the conducted studies suggests that the effect of degradation of natural vibration frequencies cannot be estimated in the building modelled by means of bar FE. The degradation is insignificant; the frequency reduction occurs within the limits of errors. At the moment, it is not possible to identify the effect of degradation in the bar model in this formulation. To do this, it is necessary to conduct additional researches, including those with other models of materials. Taking into account certain assumptions, the LS-DYNA software package allows computational studies of the effect of local damage to bearing structures on dynamic characteristics, including those resulting from an earthquake.
Lame Generalized Problem for Viscoelastic Materials
Authors: Erokhin Sergey Vladimirovich , Semenov Sergey Viktorovich
Published: November 2019

Article presents the Lame generalized problem of the thick-walled pipe deformation when the pipe material has viscoelastic properties. The model was calculated using fractional numerical methods. The results obtained are well compatible with the classic solution.
Formulation of a Method for Assessment of Fatigue Life, Formation and Propagation of Cracks
Authors: Saiyan Sergey , Paushkin Alexander
Published: November 2019

An engineering method for assessing fatigue life, taking into account the accumulation of damage and allows determining the trajectory of the fatigue crack. The calculation is performed by successive approximations based on the ANSYS Mechanical APDL software package in both linear and nonlinear installations. Stages of calculation of fatigue, cracking and fatigue failure of the structure alternate.
Modelling of the Effect of Piece-Wise Potential Volume Forces in the Photo-Elasticity Method
Authors: Agakhanov Elifkhan , Agakhanov Murad , Khusseinov Marat
Published: November 2019

The authors note a special feature complicating the direct modelling process in the photo-elasticity method (using the models made from widely-used epoxy materials) with volume forces even of the simplest kind (mass forces). This problem is more complicated than the problems with constant parameters ν, E, γ, α in the whole body. The authors give some additional relationships between the similarity factors, the use of which may create some restrictions and difficulties in the process of modelling non-uniform problems through traditional methods. The authors use the theoretical principles of mechanics of deformable rigid bodies and show that the solution of the problem in case, when the volume forces in different domains of the body have different potential values, may be reduced to the solutions of the problems with potential volume forces and to the solution of the problem with given stress values. The authors have developed both methodology and engineering questions of modelling piece-wise potential volume forces using the equivalence of effects. They note that the methods of solution of the problems with the loadings substituting the volume forces have been developed in full and give efficient results.
Energy Absorption of Reinforced Concrete Constructions with Nonlinear Dynamic Deformation
Authors: Berlinov Mikhail , Berlinova Marina
Published: November 2019

A method is proposed for taking into account the specific features of the energy absorption of reinforced concrete constructions under dynamic loads under non-linear deformation conditions based on the application of the finite element method. Based on the consideration of the triaxial problem, the inconstancy of the energy absorption coefficient throughout the entire volume of the deformable body was revealed. It is shown that the hysteresis energy absorption depends on the level of the stress state and is determined by the deformation properties of materials. The solution of the problem is proposed to be obtained using an iterative process based on the method of integral estimates. Considering that the amount of energy absorbed by the structure depends on the level of the stress state, it becomes possible to control the process of energy absorption by changing the stress-strain state possible by varying the design, fixing conditions, changing reinforcement or any other constructive measures.
Instability of a Square Sheet of Rubberlike Material under Symmetric Biaxial Stretching
Authors: Jemiolo Stanislaw
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this work is to analyse the stability of the solution of the biaxial stretching test, in the case of Ishihara-Zahorski’s constitutive model of rubber-like material. Two solutions were obtained, the symmetric and asymmetric one. It was shown that the asymmetric solution is possible for significant forces and this solution is always stable. However, the symmetric solution is stable only for relatively small principal stretches. It is worth emphasizing that the stored energy function of the considered model is polyconvex.
Eigen problem Sensitivity Analysis of Continuous Parametric Periodic Systems
Authors: Wojcicki Zbigniew
Published: November 2019

The paper concerns sensitivity analysis of the complex eigensolutions of monodromy matrix (Floquet transient matrix) for continuous parametric periodic systems. The first and the second derivatives of monodromy matrix and its multipliers which are the complex eigenvalues of monodromy matrix have been calculated. The method’s innovation is the idea to achieve the sensitivity equation by evaluating the derivative of the parametric equation of motion. Then, by solving the sensitivity equation obtained in this way, to evaluate the first and second derivative of monodromy matrix and finally the first and second derivatives of multipliers. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis method was improved and generalized to allow to correctly determine the eigenderivatives also with respect to those system parameters, on which the parametric excitation period depends. In particular, it becomes possible to use the parametric excitation period as a design parameter.
Problem of Calculating Strength of Beams of Corrosion-Resistant Cross-section during Bending with Constrained Torsion
Authors: Soloviev Alexey , Khamidullina Nailya
Published: November 2019

Corrosion damage to steel in beam structures is one of the reasons for the loss of their performance and reduced durability. Acceleration of corrosion processes can be the accumulation of dust on the horizontal elements of the structure, especially in the case of wetting. In addition to corrosive damage, the load applied to the beam structures can act with eccentricity. The displacement of the load leads to the development of additional stresses from the constrained torsion. Consideration of changes in the geometric characteristics of the beam cross section because of corrosion, especially in the presence of constrained torsion, is necessary when calculating and designing such structures. In this paper, we analyzed the changes in the geometric parameters of the beam as a result of corrosion of the lower flange, investigated the beam of corrosion-resistant section from sheets and pipes, proposed a method for calculating the flexural-torsional characteristic, developed a method for determining the stress under constrained torsion to check the section strength.
Effect of Main Cable Pre-Tensioning on Stress – Strain Behaviour and Dynamic Response of Hybrid Cross-Tie System
Authors: Konovalov Anatolij , Pustovalova Marina , Selivanov Yevgenij
Published: November 2019

The authors have addressed the change of main cable tensioning force as the means of suspension bridge stiffness control. An ANSYS 3D model of a suspension bridge was developed. The dead load stress-strain behaviour and dynamic response of the model were analyzed. The study has shown that 7.5 fold increase of the main cable pre-tensioning force reduced the displacement in the middle of the central span of the stiffening girder by 40%, while in the middle of the end span, a 9% increase in displacement was observed; and displacement of the tower apex reduced by 28%. Modal analysis has shown that the main cable pre-tensioning force in the 3D model had effect neither on the natural vibration frequency spectrum of the structure, nor on the distribution of the principal modes in the spectrum. With a 7.5 fold increase of the main cable pre-tensioning force, the values of natural fundamental frequencies have changed within 2% range. The results obtained by the authors allow for the conclusion that varying the pre-tensioning force of the main cable has little effect on a suspension bridge dynamic response control. At the same time, pre-tensioning of the main cable allows control over the stiffness of the hybrid cross-tie system.
Progressive Non-Destructive Digital Methods in the Research of Small Sacral Architecture in Czech and Slovak Republic
Authors: Grunova Zuzana , Pisca Peter
Published: November 2019

Historical architecture is without doubt a valuable part of cultural heritage. Various methods, predominantly non-destructive and progressive should be used to analyse, document, monitor, maintain and to prepare any remediation activities. 3D models as an output of photogrammetry are one of these. Paper deals with analysis and comparison of the two, visually similar small chapels in two different countries. Authorship of each is verifiably documented and belong to different well-known architects – in the first case - chapel at Svatý Hostýn, Czech Republic – it is Dušan Samuel Jurkovič and in the second case, Chrasť, Žilina, Slovak Republic it is František Bednárik (Bednařík). Digital model compares and confirms almost identical volume and measurements of the details of the architecturally designed part of the mentioned small sacral buildings.
Settlement and Bearing Capacity of the Pile in A Three-Layer Base Taking into Account the Elastic-Visco-Plastic Properties of Soils
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Zaven , Ter-Martirosyan Armen , Sidorov Vitalii
Published: November 2019

The article presents the formulation and analytical solution of the problem of determining the settlement and bearing capacity of an incompressible pile in a three-layer soil base, taking into account the elastic and elastic-visco-plastic properties of surrounding and underlying soils. It is shown that the force applied to the pile head is distributed and redistributed between the lateral surface of the shell of pile and its tip in time, and that the stress under the tip of the pile increases in time and may approach the critical load. Formulas for determining the settlement and bearing capacity of the pile in time are obtained depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding and underlying soils, the length and diameter of the pile by the analytical method.
Development of Organizational and Technological Measures to Improve the Quality of Preparation of Project Documentation Section on the Example of a Construction Arrangement Design
Authors: Kuzmina Nadezhda Tatiana , Laletina Nina
Published: November 2019

The article has developed organizational and technological measures to improve the quality of project planning during design. Comments issued during the state examination of the project documentation for the construction arrangement design section (30 objects) were systematized; the most repeated comments were identified. The sample was made according to certain criteria with the highest relative frequency. The dependence of comments on groups (15 groups are highlighted) and types (the reason of comments) was determined. The authors proposed the “Regulations for the development of the construction arrangement design section”. After use of the “Regulations for the development of the construction arrangement design section”, the quality of the construction arrangement design section development by the design organization improved on average by 50%.
Particle Capture in Porous Medium
Authors: Kuzmina Liudmila , Osipov Yuri
Published: November 2019

Filtration problems in porous media are important for studying the movement of groundwater in porous formations and the spreading of liquid concrete injected into porous soil. Deep bed filtration of a monodisperse suspension in a homogeneous porous medium with two simultaneously acting particle capture mechanisms is considered. A mathematical model of suspension flow through porous medium with pore blocking by size-exclusion and arched bridging is developed. Exact solutions are obtained on the concentration front and at the porous medium inlet. For the linear filtration function, exact and asymptotic solutions are constructed.
Performance of aerobic and anaerobic landfill bioreactor for municipal solid waste treatment in Jatibarang landfill, Semarang
Authors: Budihardjo M A , Rizaldianto A R , Muhammad F I
Published: November 2019

An investigation on the use of landfill bioreactors was conducted to elaborate an alternative solution on the municipal solid waste management in Jatibarang Landfill, Semarang. In addition, this study is also trying to develop a prevention on leachate and greenhouse gases pollution which are potentially emits from a landfilling process. There are six landfill bioreactors that were constructed for this study, which consist of two anaerobic bioreactors (R1 and R2) and two aerobic bioreactors (R3 and R4). Leachate recirculation was applied on R1 and R2 since the leachate production began while R3 and R4 was given air injection with 2 l/min flow rate. R1 and R2 maintained its thermophilic phase longer and generated more methane gases than aerobic bioreactors. Meanwhile, both aerobic bioreactors reached the thermophilic phase on day-7, faster than the anaerobic bioreactors.
Base flow identification using conceptual hydrology model
Authors: Suryoputro N , Yulistyorini A , Idfi G , Alias N E B
Published: November 2019

Base flow was a vital component in controlling the flow of a river. Base flow came from the groundwater flow. Base flow was the river flow that occurred during the rainless period. Conceptual hydrology model was a model that displays the hydrology process in mathematical formulation and separating the production and routing functions. The tank model was one of the conceptual models. The tank model simulated the watershed by replacing some reservoirs with several tanks. This research aimed to identify the base flow using conceptual hydrology model. The study was conducted in the Bango sub-watershed.. The results exhibited that the tank model was dissatisfactory to simulate the surface flow compared to base flow. Surface flow model tended to be higher (overestimate) whereas the base flow tended to be lower (underestimate) compared to the observation data. The statistic test result displayed that the tank model could describe the base flow well.