bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Celastrol attenuates Alzheimer's disease-mediated learning and memory impairment by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced inflammation and oxidative stress
Authors: Cao Fanfan , Xu Limin , He Xiaoxue , Chi Yongbin , Wang Ying , Zhang Denghai , Liu Qiuyun
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is triggered by biological mechanisms such as neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can lead to the expression of molecular chaperones in the ER, which helps in restoring cellular homeostasis. Researchers have highlighted the role of ER stress in the progression of AD, suggesting that regulating it could be a potential treatment strategy for AD.

Material and methods

We induced AD in mice by injecting amyloid beta-peptide 25-35 (Aβ25-35) bilaterally into the CA1 of the dorsal hippocampus. Some mice were administered celastrol intraperitoneally before the Aβ25-35 injection, while others received it after the injection. The mice underwent the Barnes maze cognitive test and Morris water maze test to assess learning and memory impairment. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-10 were measured to evaluate inflammation, while total antioxidant capacity, catalase, Malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase levels were analyzed to estimate oxidative stress.

Results

Our study showed that pre-treatment with celastrol could prevent learning and memory decline in AD mice by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Celastrol also inhibited AD-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, celastrol suppressed AD progression by targeting ER stress. These results suggest that celastrol treatment could be beneficial in addressing learning and memory deficits in AD, paving the way for potential neuroprotective treatments.

Conclusions

Celastrol effectively improved learning and memory impairments in AD mice by targeting ER stress-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. This highlights the potential of celastrol as a therapeutic agent for AD.
Pelatihan Penguatan Profil Pancasila Sebagai Upaya untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi dan Karakter Siswa SD Sesuai dengan Nilai-Nilai Pancasila
Authors: Arni Yusni , Sunedi Sunedi , Laksana Robert Budi
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bagi dosen merupakan upaya untuk melaksanakan salah satu tugas tridharma perguruan tinggi. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu pelatihan penguatan profil Pancasila sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kompetensi dan karakter siswa SD sesuai dengan nilai-nilai pancasila di SD Negeri 15 Inderalaya utara. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan tridharma perguruan tinggi Dosen demi memberikan sumbangsih ilmu pengetahuan dan sosialisasi ke masyarakat. Pengabdian yang dilakukan oleh beberapa dosen PGSD universitas PGRI palembang ini memberikan bekal pengetahuan kepada guru di SDN 15 Inderalaya Utara agar memiliki pemahaman alur profil Pancasila untuk meningkatkan kompetensi dan karakter siswa SD. Target luaran yang diharapkan dari kegiatan ini adalah : membekali pengetahuan kepada guru di SD negeri 15 Inderalaya utara tentang alur profil Pancasila sebagai salah satu upaya meningkatkan karakter dan kompetensi siswa SD sesuai dengan nilai-nilai pancasila.
Sobre los límites del poder sancionador del Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal
Authors: Pérez del Prado Daniel
Published: June 2024

Desde la Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo (STS) 731/2017, de 27 de septiembre, la jurisprudencia viene entendiendo que la mención que el artículo 271.1 g) de la Ley general de la Seguridad Social (LGSS) hace a las obligaciones del artículo 299 de la LGSS se refiere única y exclusivamente a los traslados y estancias superiores a 15 días e inferiores a 12 meses o 90 días, respectivamente. Así, la prestación de desempleo se extingue por superar los umbrales máximos, pues serán traslados o estancias no amparados como causa de suspensión (art. 272 f) LGSS); o por salidas del territorio nacional superiores a 15 días no comunicadas al Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal (SEPE) ni por él autorizadas, pero en este caso como consecuencia de la imposición de una sanción (STSS 71/2020, de 28 de enero, y 77/2024, de 19 de enero). Lo que se analiza en la sentencia objeto de este comentario son los límites de la sanción administrativa por infracción de lo dispuesto en los artículos 25.3 y 47.1 b) de la Ley sobre infracciones y sanciones en el orden social, cometida por una beneficiaria de prestaciones por desempleo al incumplir ese deber de comunicar al SEPE la salida del territorio español por periodo superior a 15 días.
Contrast sensitivity assessment using the Mars letter contrast sensitivity test
Authors: Okwori Onoja Peter , Chaha Kato , Lawan Abdu , Eze Ugochukwu Anthony
Published: June 2024

Background: Contrast sensitivity (CS) represents an individual’s ability to detect differences in luminance between two areas and is an essential component of vision. Various studies have evaluated the relevance of different charts to assess CS in ophthalmology practice. We evaluated the CS of healthy individuals using the Mars letter CS chart.
Methods: In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, we consecutively recruited healthy individuals older than 18 years with unremarkable ocular examinations who attended the general outpatient clinic at Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria, between March 2021 and July 2022. Each participant was allocated to one of five groups with 10-year age intervals and 1:1 male-to-female ratios. All participants underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination. We tested visual fields using the 24-2 program on a Humphrey visual field analyzer with appropriate refractive correction. Monocular testing of CS with appropriate spectacle correction was performed using a Mars letter CS chart. The tribe, age, and sex of each individual, along with the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, mesopic pupil size, cup-to-disc ratio (C/D ratio), and mean deviation (MD) of the visual field for each eye were recorded.
Results: A total of 100 eyes of 50 patients with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 44.6 (12.8) years and a 1:1 male-to-female ratio were enrolled. The mean (SD) CS score for the 100 included eyes was 1.67 (0.09) log units. The mean (SD) CS score was comparable between sex groups and tribes (both P > 0.05) yet differed significantly between age groups (P < 0.001). We found a significant good inverse correlation between CS score and age (r = - 0.60; P = 0.001), a low inverse correlation with BCVA (r = - 0.29; P < 0.003), and a low direct correlation with C/D ratio (r = + 0.23; P = 0.023); however, we observed no significant correlation with tribe (r = + 0.07; P = 0.053), sex (r = + 0.16; P = 0.123), IOP (r = + 0.07; P = 0.481), mesopic pupil size (r = - 0.02; P = 0.861), and mean deviation of visual field (r = + 0.02; P = 0.873).
Conclusions: We observed a progressive decline in the mean CS score in healthy eyes with each decade of increase in age. Our findings are similar to those of previous studies and could be used as reference values for the healthy population among various age groups. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to encourage clinicians to incorporate CS into routine examinations. Further studies must compare these normative values with those of disease conditions to further understand the clinical application of the CS test.
Sustaining private eye care practices during initial days of the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Sanjay Srinivasan , Garg Arushi , Shetty Naren , Shetty Rohit
Published: June 2024

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created new challenges for private eye care practices. Safety issues were encountered by both the healthcare workers and patients. This short communication addresses the changes made in our private eye care practice during the pandemic and the valuable lessons learned for the future.
Methods: We describe the challenges faced in our tertiary private eye care practice in India with respect to treating patients and preventing the transmission of COVID-19, considering the economic hardship within this area. We discuss the emerging economic, medical, legal, educational, and psychological issues and their solutions, which eye care hospitals could follow in the future to ensure safety without compromising quality of care.
Results: Hospitals required efficient operation with reduced fixed expenses. Clinical practices were followed in the hospital as per the recommendations of the country’s apex ophthalmic body. Proper triage and prescreening of patients at the entrance, digitalization, teleophthalmology, staggered appointments, and role-appropriate personal protective equipment were important preventive measures. The operating room protocols were modified to ensure the safety of the operating staff. Special consent was obtained from patients to safeguard against legal repercussions arising from the pandemic. The training of residents and fellows led to new avenues, including the use of digital tools. Hospitals attempted to provide counseling and psychological support to their doctors and staff during these trying times.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic will not be the last pandemic to occur in an ever-changing world. This event provided us with many new insights into the economic, clinical, legal, and psychological challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic and with ways to overcome these challenges and emerge intact. Clinical and surgical training suffered during the pandemic; however, the impact was only temporary. Clinical research gained respect because of the efforts undertaken during the pandemic. The pandemic was exceptionally harsh on many private eye care practices, and we hope to provide useful and comprehensive solutions on how to successfully navigate a similar situation if encountered in the future.
Advantages and Barriers in Online ESL Learning Environment: A Review of Literature
Authors: Nhan Lam Ky
Published: June 2024

This article presents a detailed assessment of the literature on the benefits and drawbacks of online English as a Second Language (ESL) learning settings. The study identifies and evaluates the major benefits of online ESL learning, such as flexibility, accessibility, engagement, customization, and global connectedness, based on a thorough review of research papers, reports, and academic articles. The paper also investigates the challenges that learners and instructors may face in online ESL environments, such as the digital gap, a lack of social engagement, digital literacy discrepancies, self-regulation issues, and concerns about quality and integrity. By combining current material, the paper provides insights into the intricacies and problems of online ESL learning, emphasizing the need of overcoming hurdles in order to utilize the potential of online learning settings. The findings highlight the need of collaborative efforts among educators, policymakers, and stakeholders to create ways for supporting inclusive, successful, and equitable online ESL learning experiences. Furthermore, the study underlines the need of continuing research and assessment in determining the influence of online ESL learning on student outcomes and informing evidence-based practices. Finally, this study contributes to our understanding of online ESL learning settings and has implications for practice, policy, and future research in ESL education.
Students Perspectives on Environmental Waste Problems in Schools of Iligan City, Philippines
Authors: A. Magdugo Jennifer , D. Perpetua Aida , B. Trinidad Rodolfo , S. Pardillo Joel , A. Vedra Sonnie
Published: June 2024

Level of environmental awareness among secondary students was assessed through their own perception on waste problems in schools. Interviews using survey questionnaires were employed to selected schools in Iligan City. Results revealed that the student participants perceived the school as actively prioritizing environmental protection across its policies, operations, and academic dimensions. Particularly, the implementation of solid waste management practices is emphasized and taken seriously. Various initiatives are in place to address waste disposal effectively, including the installation of waste bins throughout the campus, the establishment of a Material Recovery Facility, and ongoing information campaigns and activities to remind both students and teachers of their responsibilities. Generally, the schools’ efforts in promoting environmental awareness and protection are highly commendable, reflecting an exemplary level of commitment across its policies, operations, and academic activities. This proactive approach aimed to enhance environmental efforts and better serve all stakeholders by fostering a clean and safe learning environment.
Implementation and Effectiveness of Philippine National Police (PNP) Mandatory Trainings: Their Influence to the Performance of Personnel
Authors: P. Pastrana Harold John , PhD, DM Erly M. Martir , Ph.D. ERLY M. MARTIR,
Published: June 2024

This study focused on the extent of implementation and level of effectiveness of mandatory trainings and their influence to the performance of PNP personnel in Panay Island for the year 2023. The descriptive design was employed with three hundred eighty-three (383) Police Officers as respondents chosen through stratified random sampling. They were classified according to their sex, rank, age, assigned unit, and years in service. The data were gathered using an adopted questionnaire that was validated by experts and tested for reliability. The statistical tools were frequency count, percentages, rank, mean, t-test, One-Way ANOVA and Pearson’s r. Results revealed that the personnel assessed the course design, course content, instructional methods, training materials, visual aids, venue, and training staff of the mandatory training were implemented to a “Very Great Extent”. In the same manner, the level of effectiveness of mandatory training as assessed by personnel when classified according to sex, rank, age, assigned unit, and years in service was “Very High”. Similarly, the performance of police personnel when classified according to age, sex, assigned unit, rank, and years in service was “Very Satisfactory”. Further, there was no significant differences in the extent of implementation of mandatory trainings as assessed by personnel when classified according to sex, age, assigned unit, and years in service, while a significant difference existed when they were classified according to rank. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the level of effectiveness of mandatory trainings as assessed by respondents when classified according to sex, rank, area of assignment and years in service, while there is a significant difference when classified according to age. Moreover, there were no significant differences the performance of personnel when classified according to sex, rank, and years in service, while significant differences existed when classified according to age and assigned unit. Finally, the level of effectiveness of the mandatory training significantly influence the performance of personnel.
The Role of Higher Education to Contribute and Supporting the Achievement of the 4th Sustainable Development Goal Target 4.7(Study on “Project Socio Ecopreneur-ship" Telkom University Master of Management)
Authors: Irfa Andi Achmad , Lubis Ratna Lindawati
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research is to provide knowledge to the academic community, especially students, and the community regarding the 4th Sustainable Development Goals indicator with indicator 4.7 regarding ensuring that all students obtain the knowledge and skills needed to improve sustainable development. This research uses qualitative methods through depth interviews. The results of this research show that the role of university and students have the important role in building community skills in ecopreneurship. This research also shows the importance of collaboration between universities, foundations that support ecopreneurship activities, and the community in building an ecopreneurship ecosystem which aims to create community capabilities in entrepreneurship, and substantially increase their ability to obtain decent work while still paying attention to the environment.
Customers’ Satisfaction: Predictor of Loyalty among Guests of Beach Resorts in Misamis Oriental
Authors: C. Quitoriano Madhel Rose , J. Echavez Lily France , B. Dagang Anthony Ly
Published: June 2024

Understanding customer satisfaction and loyalty is key for businesses to improve their services and build lasting relationships with customers, ensuring long-term success. The study aimed to assess how customer satisfaction affects loyalty at resorts in Initao, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. Using a descriptive correlational design, it randomly selected 302 regular customers from various beach resorts in the area. Data was gathered from these participants via survey questionnaires, which provided insights for analyzing the correlation between customer satisfaction and loyalty. The findings showed that most respondents were satisfied with the resort services, which included threshold, performance, and excitement attributes. Participants were assessed as being 'loyal' across both behavioral and attitudinal dimensions. Additionally, it was determined that these three attributes of customer satisfaction - threshold, performance, and excitement - had a significant influence on the participants' loyalty to the beach resorts they visited. These findings highlight the crucial importance of service quality and staff behavior in cultivating lasting customer loyalty in the competitive beach resort industry. Consequently, it is advised that beach resorts invest in extensive staff training programs to foster positive attitudes and deliver exceptional service.
Turkey’s Policy toward Iraq since the First Gulf War a Power Balancing Approach
Authors: PhD Aso M. Ali,
Published: June 2024

Following the Gulf War of 1991, Turkey became increasingly involved in Iraq, driven by a mixture of threat perception, ethno-sectarian links, and economic interests, which, in certain order, have led to its emphasis on maintaining the Iraqi territorial unity; preserving a degree of sectarian power balance in the governing body in Baghdad by saving the Sunni minority from marginalization or domination by the Shia majority; protecting the Turkmen minority; accessing energy resources and market; and, more recently, establishing a military-security foothold inside the country as its stake in the game of regional balance of power. In pursuit of these objectives in Iraq, Ankara constantly played a game of power balancing as its modus operandi in dealing with the country’s two governments: Kurdish regional government in the north and the central government in Baghdad by continually aligning with one side to counter the side that posed threats to one or more of Turkish objectives in the country.
Oturarak Voleybol Sporcularının Oturarak Voleybol Kavramına Yönelik Metaforik Algıları
Authors: Daşkesen Sonay Serpil , İlhan Ekrem Levent , Zorba Erdal
Published: June 2024

Bu araştırma, oturarak voleybol sporcularının oturarak voleybol kavramına yönelik metaforik algılarını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Katılımcılara kartopu örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma grubunu oturarak voleybol süper liginde oynayan 2 kadın, 47 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 49 sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Verileri toplamak amacıyla her katılımcıya ‘‘Oturarak voleybol ___________ gibidir, çünkü _________ ” cümlesini içeren bir form ve demografik bilgilerini içeren kişisel bilgi formu sunulmuştur. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Metaforun konusuyla alakalı olmayan iki form analiz dışı bırakılmıştır. İçerik analizi yapılmış ve benzer özellikteki metaforlar için kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Yüzdelik ve frekans analizi yapmak için SPSS 24 programından yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre oturarak voleybol sporcuları 39 adet geçerli metafor üretmişlerdir. Üretilen metaforlar beş kategoride toplanmıştır. Bunlar “Sağlık Unsuru, Psikoloji Unsuru, Sosyalleşme Unsuru, Engelleri Aşma Unsuru, Mutluluk Unsuru” şeklindedir. İncelenen tüm metaforlar olumludur. İstenmeyen veya olumsuz hiçbir metaforun olmadığı söylenebilir. Araştırmada oturarak voleybol kavramına yönelik en fazla “hayat” metaforunun üretildiği tespit edilmiştir.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran STEM terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa
Authors: Mardatillah Baiq Lukita Rauhul , Kristayulita Kristayulita
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian posttest only control group design. Teknik sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik cluster random sampling dimana peneliti membagi populasi menjadi beberapa kelompok (cluster) yang terpisah kemudian diambil secara acak untuk menentukan sampel. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri 3 Mataram dengan sampel yang digunakan adalah 38 siswa dari kelas kontrol dan 38 siswa dari kelas eksperimen. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan menggunakan menggunakan teknik tes berjumlah 5 butir soal berbentuk uraian. Teknik analisi data yang digunakan menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji hipotesis dengan uji-t menggunakan independent sampel t-test. Adapun hasil penelitian pada uji-t diperoleh Thitung sebesar -2,429 pada df 76. Kemudian dengan melihat nilai sig 2-tailed ditabel sebesar 0,018 hal ini menunjukkan bahwa niali 2-tailed (0, 017) < dari taraf signifikannya (0,05) sehingga artinya Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pembelajaran STEM terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa.
Assessment of the Impact of Land Use and Land Cover Change on the Surface Runoff of Hadejia River System, Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Joke Oluronke Lawal  , Felix Ndukson Buba  , Helen Awe-Peter
Published: June 2024

Land use and land cover changes, mostly driven by anthropogenic activities, affect the processes of the water cycle. The impacts of land use (LU) and land cover (LC) changes between 1995 and 2015 on the surface runoff of the Hadejia River System (HRS) were investigated. The LULC changes obtained through re-classifications of selected Landsat satellite images and their effects on runoff peak discharges and volumes were assessed using selected hydrologic models for runoff generation and routing available within the HEC-HMS. Physically-based parameters of the models were estimated from the LULC change maps together with a digital elevation model and soil datasets of the basin. The simulated flows from the 90 sub-catchments were routed to the basin outlet afterwards to obtain the accrued effects in the entire river basin. Model results obtained generally revealed significant and varying increases in the runoff peak discharges and volumes within some sub-basins in the whole catchment, though the change was not significant at the basin outlet. In the sub-catchments within Kano and Jigawa states, increase between 15-20% and 10-15% were observed in the peak discharge respectively. These are the areas with the highest increase in agricultural activities and urbanization within the whole catchment.  In the entire basin, however, the flood peak discharges and volumes increased by at least 3.57% and 8.18% respectively. From these results, the study concludes that changes were more pronounced in Kano and Jigawa states due to the increase of urbanization and farming activities in those areas, leading to reduction of infiltration and hence, increase in surface runoff. The study successfully outlined the hydrological consequences of land cover changes, emphasizing the importance of sustainable land use and catchment management strategies. Hence, integration of remote sensing, GIS, and the hydrological model (HEC-HMS) can be used to solve hydrological problems in a river basin.
Farklı Bitki Boylarına Sahip Çeltik Samanı Çeşitlerinin Besin Madde Bileşimleri ve Nispi Yem Değerlerinin Karşılaştırması
Authors: Bölükbaş Ayşe Gizem , Bölükbaş Bora , Waqas Muhammed , Salman Mustafa , Kaya İsmail
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada farklı bitki boyuna sahip çeltik çeşitlerine ait samanların besin madde bileşimleri ve nispi yem değerlerinin belirlenerek karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Araştırmada Türkiye'de yaygın olarak yetiştirilen vasco (kısa saplı), cammeo (orta saplı) ve efe (uzun saplı) isimli varyetelerden elde edilen samanlar kullanıldı (n=4). Sonuçlar, çeltik samanları arasında besin madde içeriğinin ve yem değerinin varyeteye göre önemli ölçüde değiştiğini göstermiştir. Samanlar arasında en yüksek ham kül (HK) ve en düşük ham protein (HP) içeriği efe çeşidinde bulunurken, en düşük HK ve en yüksek HP içeriği vasco çeşidinde tespit edildi (P
A ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM AOS PORTADORES DE HANSENÍASE ASSISTIDOS PELA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Oliveira Danyelle Fernandes de , Abreu Jaddy Eveny de , Oliveira Geane Silva , Souza Anne Caroline de , Quental Ocilma Barros de
Published: June 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: No Brasil, a hanseníase é uma doença endêmica negligenciada que, associada a condições sanitárias precárias e à pobreza, representa um problema significativo de saúde pública. Dada a atuação direta do enfermeiro no cuidado, prevenção e tratamento da hanseníase, a literatura enfatiza a importância de construir vínculos e confiança durante as consultas de enfermagem. Esses fatores são cruciais para a qualidade da assistência, adesão ao tratamento e acompanhamento da doença. OBJETIVO: Analisar a assistência de enfermagem prestada aos portadores de hanseníase na atenção primária. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, a qual teve como pergunta norteadora "Qual a assistência de enfermagem deve ser prestada aos portadores de hanseníase assistidos pela atenção primária?", a qual foi realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), através das bases de dados online Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), Literatita Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), utilizando os seguintes descritores: "hanseníase", "assistência de enfermagem", "cuidado de enfermagem", “atenção primária à saúde”, “atenção básica”, combinados com os operadores booleanos AND e OR, onde foram incluídos os artigos completos em português, inglês e espanhol e foram excluídos trabalhos que não estão de acordo com a temática proposta. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÕES: É fato que a hanseníase é considerada um problema de saúde pública mundial, dessa forma, exige vigilância para interromper sua cadeia de transmissão por meio, e a prevenção ao abandono do tratamento. Nesse contexto, a atuação da equipe de enfermagem é fundamental, pois desenvolvem estratégias essências que incentivam a mudança de comportamento do indivíduo, tornando-o mais responsável por sua condição. CONCLUSÃO: Destaca-se a importância da consulta de enfermagem, que não só estabelece vínculos com os pacientes, mas também identifica novos casos, promove orientações e oferece assistência de qualidade para interromper a disseminação da doença.
A INCIDÊNCIA TRIBUTÁRIA SOBRE A HOLDING FAMILIAR NO PLANEJAMENTO SUCESSÓRIO
Authors: Melo Franciele Menacho de , Ramos Junior Claudio Rubens Nascimento
Published: June 2024

Este estudo analisou a incidência tributária sobre holdings familiares no contexto do planejamento sucessório. O objetivo geral foi examinar como a constituição de uma holding familiar pode servir como uma estratégia eficaz para minimizar tributações durante a transferência de bens entre gerações de uma família empresária, preservando o patrimônio e facilitando esse processo. A metodologia adotada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, que compilou, analisou e interpretou materiais já publicados sobre o tema, acessando diversas bases de dados acadêmicas e jurídicas. Isso permitiu uma abordagem detalhada sobre as estruturas fiscais das holdings familiares e a legislação brasileira aplicável ao planejamento sucessório. Os resultados indicam que as holdings familiares podem oferecer uma carga tributária reduzida sobre rendimentos e ganhos de capital, facilitar o processo sucessório e evitar o inventário tradicional, o que pode ser demorado e custoso. Apesar dessas vantagens, a constituição de uma holding familiar exige um planejamento tributário detalhado e a orientação de profissionais especializados para maximizar benefícios e garantir a conformidade legal. A conclusão enfatiza que as holdings familiares representam uma estratégia eficaz para a gestão e preservação do patrimônio em longo prazo. Elas oferecem uma base sólida para a continuidade dos negócios familiares e a proteção dos interesses do grupo familiar. Porém, é essencial que cada caso seja avaliado individualmente para determinar a viabilidade fiscal da holding.
Scientific research entangled in the context of social needs. A practical example of the implementation of the evaluation criterion social impact: original research project Popular Legal Culture
Authors:   Institute of Educational Sciences; Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. Poland, Dejna Dagna
Published: June 2024

The article addresses the issue of evaluating the scientific activities of universities in Poland and around the world in relation to the new, third evaluation criterion: the qualitatively measured impact of scientific activities on the functioning of society and the economy. The context of the text is a broadly understood critical analysis of universities' policies towards contemporary social problems: exclusion, poverty, helplessness, ignorance of rights and obligations.
Social impact, as one of the three criteria for assessing scientific units, has a chance to become a tool for eliminating social inequalities. It is an idea of broadly understood social policy to involve universities in social life. Thanks to the new tasks given to researchers, they have a real chance to improve the world around them and look at local problems and challenges.
The text will present the original idea of a research team whose aim is to spread the legal awareness of students of pedagogy and social work, as well as teachers working in schools and social workers working with the socially excluded.
The Stigmatization of Health Remedies (Herbs, Stones and Charms) in King James I’s Daemonologie
Authors:   Ovidius University of Constanta, Faculty of Letters, Romania, Coroban Costel
Published: June 2024

This paper aims to analyze the stigmatization of concepts related to medicine and healing in King James I's Daemonologie as republished in 1604. In the early 1600's, witchcraft trials and persecutions were prevalent, and there was a widespread belief in the existence of witches and their malevolent activities. King James I had a strong interest in the subject and was involved in witch trials. The study's hypothesis is that in the King’s view, healing effects and properties of plants, stones or charms could be attributed to God or Satan. Therefore, when God’s help was excluded, such as in the case of witches, all beneficial or healing effects of witchcraft were considered the work of the Devil, who was thus deluding mankind. Through these ideas expressed in Daemonologie, King James I contributed to the stigmatization of healing practices and encouraged the fear and persecution of individuals suspected of engaging in such practices. This study of medical and health terminology will bring the traditional beliefs and practices that influenced medical knowledge at the time to the foreground. Some key points that will be detailed here are the influence of Galenic ideas, the different categories of medical practitioners and their social status, the knowledge of herbal medicines that had been passed down through generations as well as astrological influences, while also considering a comparison with the various medical treatises that were available at the time.
Is it true? Another view in the conversation between science, pseudo-science and faith
Authors:   Psychology Department, University of Zululand. P Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, Richards Bay,  South Africa, du Toit Krynauw , Edwards Stephen David ,   Psychology Department, University of Zululand. P Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, Richards Bay,  South Africa
Published: June 2024

This contribution is founded on a forty-year friendship between two university psychology professors, for whom dialogue on science and religion has been a perennial theme. At a previous conference they collaborated on a paper on the psychology of religion. The present paper attempts to further this conversation with a dialogue on truth, science, pseudoscience, and faith. The dialogue is structured around a theme from Denis Diderot that the basis of philosophy is incredulity. The ensuing conversation, which interrogates the meaning of science and truth, includes various questions and answers
Preservation of Christian dignity and identity in the oppressive context of the communist confinement regime. Young Nicolae Rădulescu’s carceral periplus
Authors:   Ovidius University of Constanta, Faculty of Theology, Constanta, Romania, Ciornea Andrei
Published: June 2024

The present paper examines the modifications that occur to human beings amidst the deplorable conditions of Romania’s communist confinement system, using Nicolae Rădulescu’s story as a case study. After being imprisoned, the individual endured a horrifying system that elevated horror and treason to new heights. His stigma as a political and counter-revolutionary prisoner naturally drew dramatic consequences, both inside and outside of prison. From the Security people’s point of view, he was a pariah, a peripsema mundi who only needed to be forced in order to satisfy the demands of the new Soviet man.
The uniqueness and, respectively, the originality of our research approach are supported by the consultation of primary resources, the main source of information being the Archive document, the tabs in the file from the Informative Fund drawn up in the name of our subject, ensuring the originality of this approach. At the same time, in order to eliminate the danger of slipping into the logic of the former Security, we used the data obtained from the memorial literature and specialized works that dealt with the issue of the concentration space under communist totalitarianism, in general, and of our subject, in particular. Simultaneously, we employed the information gleaned from the memorial literature and specialised works that addressed the problem of the concentration space under communist totalitarianism, in general, and of our subject, in particular, in order to eliminate the risk of falling back on the logic of the previous State Security.
Furthermore, of the 16 individuals that the Security’s goals and mindset brought together in the famous Burning Altar group in 1958, Nicolae Rădulescu is the only one who remains alive today to respond to inquiries concerning the oppression of the communist concentration system against them.
The main argument of the paper is that we need to examine the structural mechanisms that shaped the Romanian Gulag in accordance with the demands of the political police’s ideology in order to comprehend the scope of the struggle waged by those who fought to preserve their religious identity and dignity in the communist prisons.
Consciousness, Authoritarianism, and Political Violence
Authors:   Independent Researcher. USA, Schwartz Stephan A
Published: June 2024

The paper "Consciousness, Authoritarianism, and Political Violence" by Stephan A. Schwartz explores the increasing instances of political violence in the United States, particularly among supporters of Donald Trump, who are often evangelical Christians. The study examines the psychological and sociological mechanisms that drive this violence, drawing on historical examples and psychological experiments, such as those by Stanley Milgram, to explain the phenomenon of authoritarian charisma. It highlights the growing authoritarianism worldwide and calls for a deeper understanding of these dynamics to mitigate their impact on society.
Conducting an Interreligious Ecological Civilization of Love without Discrimination
Authors:   Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang, Indonesia, Purnomo Aloys Budi
Published: June 2024

It is important to conduct a civilization of ecological love between religions in a society characterized by religious and societal diversity which, along with this reality, contains the danger of discrimination, bias, and repudiation. This study focuses on building an interreligious ecological civilization of love without discrimination by analyzing the Master Plan of the Archdiocese of Semarang (RIKAS). Following the theoretical propositions regarding interreligious ecotheological leadership, the RIKAS provides a strategy to overcome discrimination to realize an ecological civilization of love. Through this article, I examine RIKAS which aspires to build an ecological civilization of love between interreligious communities. Using the content analysis method, I processed the ideals of RIKAS from a non-discrimination perspective and an inclusive paradigm. This research aims to explore transformative strategic formulations that encourage inclusiveness to prevent and overcome discrimination to realize an interreligious ecological civilization of love according to RIKAS. The result is the finding of various non-discrimination formulations that encourage the interreligious ecological strategy as a form of implementing a civilization of love in the diversity of society, not only in Semarang but also in the Indonesian nation. This study can inspire globally that the Catholic Church is present without discrimination in diverse communities everywhere.
Between Bias and Acceptance: A Decade of Turmoil. Romanian Society in Sources from the National Archives of Ireland (1947-1957)
Authors:   Ovidius University of Constanta, Faculty of Letters, Romania, Stanca Nicoleta
Published: June 2024

The article is based on research did in the National Archives of Ireland in June 2022 and it aims to portray the Romanian society seen through the Irish lenses, as it comes out from files preserved through indirect diplomatic connections because there were no official relations between the two nations in the 1940s and 1950s. The files identified cover interesting aspects of the Romanian society in relation to the Irish one reflected by three events: the aid received by the Ursuline Sisters of Sibiu from the Irish Red Cross, the visit of the Queen Mother of Romania, Queen Helen, welcomed in Ireland on a private visit and the match played by the Romanian youth football team against the Irish B team in Dublin. The attitude of the Irish public and officials ranges from suspicion on account of the undemocratic regime in Romania at the time to sympathy and acceptance shown to a small nation in distress.
Basic Benchmarks of Rasism in the Old Testament
Authors:   Ovidius University of Constanta, Faculty of Theology, Constanta, Romania, Vasile Adrian
Published: June 2024

Throughout history, racism and anti-Semitism have killed people around the world. In recent years, they are still being expressed in public spaces, near places of worship, on social networks, in discussion forums and in all spheres of human activity. Discrimination based on origin affects human dignity at work, in access to decent housing, in health and at school, and fractures society. Such human rights abuses take the form of insults, intimidation, violence and unequal treatment and rights. These cowardly, serious and degrading attitudes cause lasting damage to the victims and their families. However, we will never resign ourselves either to trivialising evil or to becoming disillusioned about the responsibility of public action
Unravelling Landslide Failure Mechanisms with Seismic Signal Analysis for Enhanced Pre-Survey Understanding
Authors: Chang Jui-Ming , Yang Che-Ming , Chao Wei-An , Ku Chin-Shang , Huang Ming-Wan , Hsieh Tung-Chou , Hung Chi-Yao
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Seismic signals, with their remote and continuous monitoring advantages, have been instrumental in unveiling various landslide characteristics and have been widely applied in the past decades. However, a few studies have extended these results to provide geologists with pre-survey information, thus enhancing the understanding of the landslide process. In this research, we utilize the deep-seated Cilan Landslide (CL) as a case study and employ a series of seismic analyses, including spectrogram analysis, single force inversion, and geohazard location. These techniques enable us to determine the physical processes, sliding direction, mass amount estimation, and location of the deep-seated landslide. Through efficient discrete Fourier transform for spectrograms, we identified three distinct events, with the first being the most substantial. Further analysis of spectrograms using a semi-log frequency axis generated by discrete Stockwell transform revealed that Event 1 consisted of four sliding failures occurring within thirty seconds with decreasing sliding mass. Subsequent Events 2 and 3 were minor toppling and rockfalls, respectively. Geohazard location further constrained the source location, indicating that Events 1 and 2 likely originated from the same slope. Subsequently, the sliding direction retrieved from single force inversion and volume estimation was determined to be 153.67º and 557,118 m3, respectively, for the CL. Geological survey data with drone analysis corroborated the above seismological findings, with the sliding direction and source volume estimated to be around 148° and 664,926 m3, respectively, closely aligning with the seismic results. Furthermore, the detailed dynamic process observed in the spectrogram of Event 1 suggested a possible failure mechanism of CL involving advancing, retrogressing, enlarging, or widening. Combining the above mechanism with geomorphological features identified during field surveys, such as the imbrication-like feature in the deposits and the gravitational slope deformation, with event video, infers the failure mechanism of retrogression of the Event 1 after shear-off from the toe. Then, the widening activity was caused by the failure process for subsequent events, as Events 2 and 3. This case study underscores the significance of remote and adjacent seismic stations in offering seismological-based landslide characteristics and a time vision of the physical processes of landslides, thereby assisting geologists in landslide observation and deciphering landslide evolution.
Impact of Snow Thermal Conductivity Schemes on pan-Arctic Permafrost Dynamics in CLM5.0
Authors: Damseaux Adrien , Matthes Heidrun , Dutch Victoria R. , Wake Leanne , Rutter Nick
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The precise magnitude and timing of permafrost-thaw-related emissions and their subsequent impact on the global climate system remain highly uncertain. This uncertainty stems from the complex quantification of the rate and extent of permafrost thaw, which is influenced by factors such as sensitivity to surface properties like snow cover. Acting as a thermal insulator, snow cover directly influences surface energy fluxes and can significantly impact the permafrost thermal regime. However, current Earth System Models often inadequately represent the nuanced effects of snow cover in permafrost regions, leading to inaccuracies in simulating soil temperatures and permafrost dynamics. Notably, CLM5.0 tends to overestimate snowpack thermal conductivity over permafrost regions, resulting in an underestimation of the snow insulating capacity. By using a snow thermal conductivity scheme better adapted for snowpack typically found in permafrost regions, we seek to resolve thermal insulation underestimation and assess the influence of snow on simulated soil temperatures and permafrost dynamics. Evaluation using two Arctic-wide soil temperature observation datasets reveals that the new snow thermal conductivity scheme noticeably reduces the cold soil temperature bias (RMSE = 3.17 to 2.4 °C, using remote sensing data; RMSE = 3.9 to 2.19 °C, using in-situ data) and effectively addresses the overestimation of permafrost extent present when using the default parameterizations of CLM5.0.
Reconstruction of Holocene and Last Interglacial vegetation dynamics and wildfire activity in southern Siberia
Authors: Margerum Jade , Homann Julia , Umbo Stuart , Nehrke Gernot , Hoffmann Thorsten , Vaks Anton , Kononov Aleksandr , Osintsev Alexander , Giesche Alena , Mason Andrew , Lechleitner Franziska A. , Henderson Gideon M. , Kwiecien Ola , Breitenbach Sebastian F. M.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Wildfires are a rapidly increasing threat to boreal forests. While our understanding of the drivers behind wildfires and their environmental impact is growing, it is mostly limited to the observational period. Here we focus on the boreal forests of southern Siberia, and exploit a U-Th dated stalagmite from Botovskaya cave (55.2994° N, 105.4445° E), located in the upper Lena region of southern Siberia, to document wildfire activity and vegetation dynamics during parts of two warm periods; the last interglacial (124.1 – 118.8 ka BP) and the Holocene (10 – 0 ka BP). Our record is based on levoglucosan (Lev), a biomarker sensitive to biomass burning, and on lignin oxidation products (LOPs) that discriminate between open and closed forest and hard- or softwood vegetation. In addition, we used carbon stable isotope ratios (δ13C) to evaluate soil respiration and local infiltration changes. While the δ13C record reflects a dominant control of the host rock, the Lev and LOP time series show fire pattern and vegetation type differences between the last interglacial and the Holocene. Our LOP data suggest that during the last interglacial, the region around Botovskaya cave was characterised by open forest, which by ca. 121.5 ka BP underwent a transition from fire-resistant hardwood to fire-prone softwood. The Lev record indicates that fire activity was high and increased towards the end of last interglacial just before 119 ka BP. In contrast, the Holocene was characterised by a closed-forest environment with mixed hard- and softwood vegetation. Holocene fire activity varied but at a much lower level than during the last interglacial. We attribute the changes in wildfire activity during the intervals of interest to the interplay between vegetation and climate. The open forests of the last interglacial were more likely to ignite than their closed Holocene equivalents, and their flammability was aided by warmer and drier summers and a stronger seasonal temperature contrast compared to the Holocene. Our comparison of the last two interglacial intervals suggests that with increasing global temperatures the boreal forest of southern Siberia becomes progressively more vulnerable to higher wildfire activity.