bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Combined Thrombolysis and Mild Hypothermia Therapy in Acute Cerebral Infarction: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guo Lin , Bu Huaien , Guo Maojuan , Zhang Yue , Yu Qun , Yu Bin , Jiang Xijuan , Yang Lin
Published: April 2022

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of thrombolytic therapy combined with mild hypothermia in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI), based on a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database of Controlled Trials were systematically screened for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of thrombolytic therapy combined with mild hypothermia in treating ACI from inception to January 2021. Participation and outcomes among intervention enrollees are as follows: P, participants (patients in ACI); I, interventions (thrombolysis in combination with mild hypothermia therapy); C, controls (thrombolysis merely); O, outcomes (main outcomes are the change of NIHSS, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, inflammatory factor interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and adverse reaction). Following data extraction and quality assessment, a meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results. A total of 26 RCTs involving 2071 patients were included. Compared to thrombolysis alone, thrombolytic therapy combined with mild hypothermia leads to better therapeutic efficacy [RR = 1.23, 95% CI (1.16, 1.31)], NIHSS [MD = −2.02, 95% CI (−2.55, −1.49)], glutathione peroxidase [MD = 8.71, 95% CI (5.55, 11.87)], superoxide dismutase [MD = 16.52, 95% CI (12.31, 19.74)], malondialdehyde [MD = −1.86, 95% CI (−1.98, −1.75)], interleukin-1β [MD = −3.48, 95% CI (−4.88, −2.08)], tumor necrosis factor-α [MD = −0.46, 95% CI (−3.39, 2.48)], and adverse reaction [RR = 0.87, 95% CI (0.63, 1.20)]. Conclusions. Thrombolytic therapy combined with mild hypothermia demonstrates a beneficial role in reducing brain nerve function impairment and inflammatory reactions in ACI subjects analysed in this meta-analysis.
Surface-Modified Adsorbent from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam Biomass to Confine Reactive Red 194 in Real and Synthetic Effluents: Kinetics and Equilibrium Study
Authors: Ramasamy Lavanya , Miranda Lima Rose
Published: April 2022

Chemical activation of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam (jackfruit peel) via phosphoric acid was focused on this study for the preparation of activated carbon. Carbonization was done at a temperature of 400°C based on the nature of biomass after the impregnation ratio of 1 : 1 (weight of phosphoric acid/weight of raw material). Titanium dioxide was doped on the prepared activated carbon through the sol-gel method. Titanium dioxide doped activated carbon was synthesized to perceive the nature of adsorbents under ambient conditions. Both JPAC and JPAC/TiO2 adsorbents were characterized by the point of zero charges, Fourier transform of infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The adsorption capacity of Reactive Red 194 (Red 2BN) dye on jackfruit peel activated carbon (JPAC) is 32.271 mg/g, and JPAC/TiO2 is 34.900 mg/g was observed under optimum conditions. Desorption efficiency of JPAC/TiO2 (≥93.4%) is slightly higher compared to JPAC (≥89.2%). Tannery effluents of various parameters were analyzed, and their chemical oxygen demand (COD) values trim down within the permissible limits of JPAC (97%) and JPAC/TiO2 (98%). Experimental data were studied using both two-parameter and three-parameter models of adsorption isotherm, namely, the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, Toth, and Khan. In which the Langmuir isotherm ([Formula: see text]) best described the experimental data with an optimum monolayer capacity for adsorption capacity of 49.7 mg/g at 323 K on Red 2BN molecules. A proposed scheme of Red 2BN molecules on the active sites of adsorbents was illustrated. Regeneration of spent carbons was studied through different cycles of the run.
Support Vector Machine and Granular Computing Based Time Series Volatility Prediction
Authors: Yang Yuan , Ma Xu
Published: April 2022

With the development of information technology, a large amount of time-series data is generated and stored in the field of economic management, and the potential and valuable knowledge and information in the data can be mined to support management and decision-making activities by using data mining algorithms. In this paper, three different time-series information granulation methods are proposed for time-series information granulation from both time axis and theoretical domain: time-series time-axis information granulation method based on fluctuation point and time-series time-axis information granulation method based on cloud model and fuzzy time-series prediction method based on theoretical domain information granulation. At the same time, the granulation idea of grain computing is introduced into time-series analysis, and the original high-dimensional time series is granulated into low-dimensional grain time series by information granulation of time series, and the constructed information grains can portray and reflect the structural characteristics of the original time-series data, to realize efficient dimensionality reduction and lay the foundation for the subsequent data mining work. Finally, the grains of the decision tree are analyzed, and different support vector machine classifiers corresponding to each grain are designed to construct a global multiclassification model.
Rural Tourism Public Service Performance Evaluation Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Xu Bo , Abukhalifeh Alaa Nimer , Lu Xiaoling , Gao Biao , Cui Hongyan , Wu Yichao
Published: April 2022

In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the construction of rural tourism, and tourists’ demand for rural tourism public services has become stronger and stronger. Through the objective and fair evaluation of rural tourism public service performance, on the one hand, it is helpful to improve the overall satisfaction of tourists to rural tourism. On the other hand, it can also ensure the efficiency of public service financial investment and expenditure. Firstly, on the basis of theoretical summary and hierarchical analysis, this paper constructs the performance evaluation index system of rural tourism public service from five aspects of infrastructure services, public transport services, public information services, security services, and public environmental services. Then taking China as an example, the performance of rural tourism public service is evaluated by analytic hierarchy process. The results show that the construction of hard environment such as public transport services, security services, and infrastructure services is a key factor in the construction of rural tourism public services. Finally, according to the evaluation results obtained in this paper, some suggestions are put forward for the development of rural tourism and the improvement of public service quality in the future.
Silencing ATF3 Might Delay TBHP-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Repressing NPC Ferroptosis, Apoptosis, and ECM Degradation
Authors: Li Yongjin , Pan Dayu , Wang Xuke , Huo Zhenxin , Wu Xiaojing , Li Jianhua , Cao Jiasong , Xu Haiwei , Du Lilong , Xu Baoshan
Published: April 2022

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), being the predominant root cause of lower back pain, has led to an enormous socioeconomic burden in the world. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent nonapoptotic and nonpyroptotic programmed cell death associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IDD. Activation transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is widely reported to promote ferroptosis and apoptosis in multiple diseases, but its roles and underlying regulatory mechanism in IDD have not been identified. FAoptosis is defined as a mixed cell death consisting of ferroptosis and apoptosis. The loss- and gain-of-function experiments demonstrated that ATF3 positively regulated tert-butyl hydroperoxide- (TBHP-) induced nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) FAoptosis, ROS production, inflammatory response, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Furthermore, silencing ATF3 ameliorated the progression of IDD in vivo, whereas its overexpression showed the opposite phenotype. Bioinformatics analysis and molecular experiments corroborated that ATF3 is a direct target of miR-874-3p, suggesting that the upregulation of ATF3 in IDD might be caused at least in part due to the downregulation of miR-874-3p in IDD, thereby relieving the inhibition of ATF3 by miR-874-3p. The findings revealed that ATF3 has the potential to be used as a promising therapeutic target against IDD.
PregTox: A Resource of Knowledge about Drug Fetal Toxicity
Authors: Chen Qingqing , Gan Yu , Wang Kejian , Li Qing
Published: April 2022

Background. It is of vital importance to determine the safety of drugs. Pregnant women, as a special group, need to evaluate the effects of drugs on pregnant women as well as the fetus. The use of drugs during pregnancy may be subject to fetal toxicity, thus affecting the development of the fetus or even leading to stillbirth. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a toxicity rating for drugs used during pregnancy in 1979. These toxicity ratings are denoted by the letters A, B, C, D, and X. However, the query of drug pregnancy category has yet to be well established as electronic service. Results. Here, we presented PregTox, a publicly accessible resource for pregnancy category information of 1114 drugs. The PregTox database also included chemical structures, important physico‐chemical properties, protein targets, and relevant signaling pathways. An advantage of the database is multiple search options which allow systematic analyses. In a case study, we demonstrated that a set of chemical descriptors could effectively discriminate high‐risk drugs from others (area under ROC curve reached 0.81). Conclusions. PregTox can serve as a unique drug safety data source for drug development and pharmacological research.
Pension Security Level of Urban Employees in China Based on CHIPs
Authors: Gao Chengyu , Wang Yake
Published: April 2022

In 2019, the Chinese government has put forward comprehensive plan for reducing social insurance premium rate, which will affect the measurement of the pension security level. In order to evaluate the pension level, this paper uses CHIPs data from 1988 to 2018 to calculate “empirical” pension replacement rate by “empirical” method based on different wage calibers. The result shows that the pension replacement rate and income replacement rate of urban employees have gradually declined in the past 30 years. The pension level of nonprivate employees is lower than that of insured employees, and that of insured employees is lower than that of full‐scale employees. The pension level of male, high‐income groups, the older generation, organs, and institutions is much higher than that of female, low‐income groups, the younger generation, and enterprises relatively. Compared with other countries, the pension replacement rate of urban employees in China is not low, but the income replacement rate is relatively low. This paper makes an in‐depth analysis of the actual pension level under the new policy. As a result, it is necessary to vigorously develop multilevel and multipillar pension system such as enterprise annuity, occupational annuity, and commercial pension insurance, so as to improve the pension level of urban employees.
Financial Transaction Risk Identification Method Based on Boosting-SVM Algorithm
Authors: Fang Xiaoxiong
Published: April 2022

The development of the network economy has brought a great impact on the society. In the process of online transactions, if the transaction risks are not prevented and improved in time, it will directly affect the normal development of the social economy. Therefore, it is necessary to synchronize transaction subjects and objects, and at the same time control transaction risks, and promote the rapid development of e-commerce, which is an important problem to be solved urgently in current online transactions. This paper first summarizes the characteristics and risk performance of new transactions and identifies and controls them according to their characteristics and different risk characteristics. The cybercriminal industry uses illegal means to seek benefits in online transactions. The continuous improvement of big data technology and data mining technology makes it possible to identify transaction risks in the consumption process. In particular, the research and identification of black industries can not only ensure the normal operation of merchants and reduce the loss of economic interests of merchants but also make the transaction experience of natural users smoother. Based on the existing consumption data, this paper adopts the Boosting-SVM model to identify natural users and black-produced users in the transaction process. The results show that the model achieves good recognition results. The overall prediction accuracy of the model is over 95%, the identification accuracy rate of high-risk transactions is over 98%, and other indicators are also over 96%. Compared with other risk identification, the overall accuracy of the algorithm is increased by 1%, and the risk identification accuracy is increased by more than 8%. Generally speaking, the method in this paper provides technical support to related industries to a certain extent.
[Retracted] Development of a 5‐Gene Signature to Evaluate Lung Adenocarcinoma Prognosis Based on the Features of Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Wan Renping , Liao Hongliang , Liu Jingting , Zhou Lin , Yin Yingqiu , Mu Tianhao , Wei Jie
Published: April 2022

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) can induce recurrence and chemotherapy resistance of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Reliable markers identified based on CSC characteristic of LUAD may improve patients’ chemotherapy response and prognosis. OCLR was used to calculate mRNA expression‐based stemness index (mRNAsi) of LUAD patients’ data in TCGA. Association analysis of mRNAsi was performed with clinical features, somatic mutation, and tumor immunity. A prognostic prediction model was established with LASSO Cox regression. Kaplan‐Meier Plotter (KM‐plotter) and time‐dependent ROC were applied to assess signature performance. For LUAD, univariate and multivariate Cox analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. LUAD tissues showed a noticeably higher mRNAsi in than nontumor tissues, and it showed significant differences in T, N, M, AJCC stages, and smoking history. The most frequently mutated gene was TP53, with a higher mRNAsi relating to more frequent mutation of TP53. The mRNAsi was significantly negatively correlated with immune score, stromal score, and ESTIMATE score in LUAD. The blue module was associated with mRNAsi. The 5‐gene signature was confirmed as an independent indicator of LUAD prognosis that could promote personalized treatment of LUAD and accurately predict overall survival (OS) of LUAD patients.
Nrf2-Mediated Ferroptosis Inhibition Exerts a Protective Effect on Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
Authors: Wu Jing , Xue Ran , Wu Muchen , Yin Xuehong , Xie Bangxiang , Meng Qinghua
Published: April 2022

Although massive hepatocyte cell death and oxidative stress constitute major events of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), the relationship of ferroptosis with ACLF has yet to be explored. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key regulator of ferroptosis. However, if Nrf2 modulates ACLF through ferroptosis remains unknown. Here, the liver tissues of ACLF patients were collected and murine models of ACLF using carbon tetrachloride, D-galactosamine, and lipopolysaccharide as well as an H2O2-induced hepatocyte injury model were established. Upon ACLF, livers exhibited key features of ferroptosis, including lipid peroxidation (increase in malondialdehyde whereas a decrease in glutathione and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), and increased mRNA expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-2 (PTGS2). Ferroptosis inducer RSL-3 treatment aggravated liver damage, while ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 administration alleviated ACLF severity, manifesting with improved liver histopathological lesions and reduced serum ALT and AST. Compared with normal liver tissue, Nrf2 was upregulated in ACLF patients and murine models. Pharmacological activation of Nrf2 (Bardoxolone Methyl) attenuated liver damage, prevented lipid peroxidation, upregulated PTGS2 mRNA expression, and improved ferroptosis-specific mitochondrial morphology in vivo. In contrast, Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 exacerbated lipid peroxidation and liver injury. Collectively, Nrf2 plays a protective role in ACLF progression through repressing ferroptosis, which provides promising therapeutic cues for ACLF.
Long-Term Bidding Scheduling of a Price-Maker Cascade Hydropower Station Based on Supply Function Equilibrium
Authors: Liu Gang , Ma Guangwen , Huang Weibin , Chen Shijun
Published: April 2022

How cascade hydropower stations (CHSs) play the electricity market game is regarded as an important issue. The majority of the work to date has focused on short-term horizons and several simplifications in the hydropower system. If future prices are expected to be higher than the current price, CHSs with large reservoirs allow the bidder to postpone energy production for a longer time scale, such as several months or more, which generally matches with the regulation period of the reservoir. Rejecting the assumption of simplifying the hydropower system (ASHS), the long-term bidding strategy of CHSs is discussed for a price-maker based on the supply function equilibrium (SFE). This study considers multiple price-makers, time-coupling, and the characteristics of the hydropower system, with significant challenges. The difference from the conventional model is that the long-term optimal scheduling model of CHSs is added. Moreover, a new methodology is proposed, the equilibrium curve of the uniform clearing price (UCP) is introduced, and the Nash equilibrium solutions are solved based on the nonlinear complementarity approach. In a simulated electricity market, the result can validate the feasibility of the model and adopted methodology and the rationality of the results by taking certain CHSs with multireservoir as an example. The negative influence of ASHS is analyzed, which shows that the characteristics of the hydropower system should be fully considered in the long-term bidding research. Future study aspects are also considered, which are presented as the key issues such as market assumptions and randomness.
Effect of Intelligent Medical Management Platform Combined with Perioperative Detailed Nursing on Cognitive Ability, Postoperative Complications, and Quality of Life of Patients Undergoing Hysterectomy
Authors: Han Xiaodao , Zhang Meng , Jiang Shanshan , Hao Chunni
Published: April 2022

Objective. To analyze the effect of an intelligent medical management platform combined with perioperative detailed nursing on cognitive ability, postoperative complications, and quality of life (QOL) of patients undergoing hysterectomy. Methods. The clinical data of 76 patients undergoing hysterectomy in our hospital from December 2019 to December 2021 were selected for the retrospective analysis, and the patients were divided into the experimental group (EG,

n
=
38

, intelligent medical management platform+perioperative detailed nursing) and the routine group (RG,

n
=
38

, routine nursing) according to their admission order, and the cognition of disease and QOL after intervention of patients in the two groups were evaluated by the self-proposed questionnaire on cognition of disease of our hospital and the MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). Results. After intervention, the scores on cognitive ability, various nursing items, and QOL were significantly higher in EG than in RG (

P
<
0.001

), and during the study, the total incidence rate of complications was significantly lower in EG than in RG (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Combining an intelligent medical management platform with perioperative detailed nursing is a reliable method to improve QOL and reduce postoperative complications for patients undergoing hysterectomy. Further research will be conducive to providing a reliable perioperative intervention scheme for such patients.
Research on the Flattening Method of an Energy‐Based Fabric Deformation Model in Garment Design
Authors: Zhu Yuxiang , Li Gangqiang , Peng Yanjun , Zhang Mingmin , Ma Yingran , Wang Yuanhong
Published: April 2022

Surface flattening plays an important role in the whole process of garment design. We proposed a novel method by using three‐dimensional triangle mesh flattening in this study. First, the three‐dimensional triangle mesh is flattened to a two‐dimensional plane to approximate the original surface. The initial flattening results are then used as preliminary guesses for subsequent optimizations. Considering that the deformation energy in the real woven fabric is related to tensile or shear deformation, a simplified fabric deformation model based on energy is proposed to update the energy distribution to determine the best two‐dimensional pattern. An innovative unified axis system process is proposed to obtain the deformation energy, and energy relaxation in local flattening is proposed to release the distortion of flattening. Finally, the experimental results show that complex surfaces such as garments could achieve better flattening results. Compared with other energy‐based methods in garment design, our proposed methods are more flexible and practical.
Clinical Experience of Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of 6 Cases of Acute Subhepatic Appendicitis
Authors: Yang Hongguo , Jiang Junjie , Hu Zhiming , Zhang Bing , Cai Wenwei , Xu Liming , Lu Kefeng
Published: April 2022

To summarize the experience of diagnosis and surgical treatment of 6 cases of acute subhepatic appendicitis. The clinical data of 6 patients with subacute appendicitis in Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital from July 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Results. There were 5 males and 1 female. All 6 cases were diagnosed as appendicitis by abdominal CT before operation. All patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy without conversion to laparotomy. One case of ectopic appendix was located under the liver with absence of ascending colon, one case of ectopic appendix was located under the liver with ectopic ascending colon of transverse colon, one case of appendix head was located in the liver cyst, and the resection of liver cyst was performed at the same time, and three cases of retrocolonic appendix head were located under the liver. Postoperative pathology confirmed appendicitis. For patients with right upper abdominal pain and tenderness, the possibility of subhepatic appendicitis should be considered before operation. Emergency abdominal CT has more advantages than ultrasound. Laparoscopy can not only make a definite diagnosis but also perform appendectomy at the same time.
An Obstacle Detection and Distance Measurement Method for Sloped Roads Based on VIDAR
Authors: Jiang Guoxin , Xu Yi , Gong Xiaotong , Gao Shanshang , Sang Xiaoqing , Zhu Ruoyu , Wang Liming , Wang Yuqiong
Published: April 2022

Environmental perception systems can provide information on the environment around a vehicle, which is key to active vehicle safety systems. However, these systems underperform in cases of sloped roads. Real-time obstacle detection using monocular vision is a challenging problem in this situation. In this study, an obstacle detection and distance measurement method for sloped roads based on Vision-IMU based detection and range method (VIDAR) is proposed. First, the road images are collected and processed. Then, the road distance and slope information provided by a digital map is input into the VIDAR to detect and eliminate false obstacles (i.e., those for which no height can be calculated). The movement state of the obstacle is determined by tracking its lowest point. Finally, experimental analysis is carried out through simulation and real-vehicle experiments. The results show that the proposed method has higher detection accuracy than YOLO v5s in a sloped road environment and is not susceptible to interference from false obstacles. The most prominent contribution of this research work is to describe a sloped road obstacle detection method, which is capable of detecting all types of obstacles without prior knowledge to meet the needs of real-time and accurate detection of slope road obstacles.
Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen as Target for Neuroimaging of Central Nervous System Tumors
Authors: Stopa Brittany M. , Crowley James , Juhász Csaba , Rogers Cara M. , Witcher Mark R. , Kiser Jackson W.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with prostate-specific membrane antigen- (PSMA-) binding tracers has been found incidentally to demonstrate uptake in CNS tumors. Following the encouraging findings of several such case reports, there is a growing interest in the potential application of PSMA-targeted PET imaging for diagnostics, theranostics, and monitoring of CNS tumors. This is a systematic literature review on PSMA-binding tracers in CNS tumors. Methods. A PubMed search was conducted, including preclinical and clinical reports. One hundred and twelve records were identified, and after screening, 56 were included in the final report. Results. Tissue studies demonstrated PSMA expression in tumor vascular endothelial cells, without expression in normal brain tissue, though the extent and intensity of staining varied by anti-PSMA antibody and methodology. Most included studies reported on gliomas, which showed strong PSMA ligand uptake and more favorable tumor to background ratios than other PET tracers. There are also case reports demonstrating PSMA ligand uptake in prostate cancer brain metastases, nonprostate cancer brain metastases, and meningiomas. We also review the properties of the various PSMA-binding radiotracers available. Therapeutic and theranostic applications of PSMA-binding tracers have been studied, including labeled alpha- and beta-ray emitting isotopes, as well as PSMA targeting in directing MRI-guided focused ultrasound. Conclusions. There is a potential application for PSMA-targeted PET in neuro-oncology as a combination of diagnostic and therapeutic use, as a theranostic modality for managing CNS tumors. Further research is needed regarding the mechanism(s) of PSMA expression in CNS tumors and its differential performance by tumor type.
SPOP Inhibition of Endometrial Carcinoma and Its Clinicopathological Relationship
Authors: Zhu Qing , Zhang Guanghui , Tang Mingyang , Zheng Rumin , Gan Huaiyong
Published: April 2022

Objective. Endometrial carcinoma (EC) ranks first in the incidence of female genital malignancies in developed countries. SPOP (speckle-type POZ protein) has changed in EC with a statistically high frequency. This research may play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of EC, ultimately leading to fresh therapeutic targets. Explore the expression of SPOP in EC; observe its effect on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of EC cells after upregulating the expression of SPOP through RNA activation. Methods. The expression levels of SPOP protein in 150 EC tissues and 45 normal endometrial tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Analyze the relationship between SPOP expression and clinicopathological characteristics. The differences of the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities between before and after transfection were analyzed using CCK-8 and Transwell assays. Results. The results of immunohistochemistry and Western blotting showed the expression level of SPOP in EC tissue significantly reduced or even missed compared with normal endometrial tissue. The results of CCK-8 showed that the growth of EC significantly slowed down after the upregulating of SPOP expression. The results of the Transwell assay showed the migration and invasion abilities of EC cells were weakened after the level of SPOP was upregulated. Conclusions. The expression level of SPOP in EC tissues is lower and related to the clinicopathological features compared with normal endometrial tissues. After upregulating the SPOP expression by RNA activation in EC cell lines, the abilities of proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells were significantly inhibited.
The Synergistic Antidepressant Effect: Compatibility of Alkaloids with Saponins from Ziziphi Spinosae Semen
Authors: Li Lu , Song Wei , Chang Qianqian , Sun Yan , Fang Demin , Qiao Wei
Published: April 2022

Context. Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine used in the treatment of depression and anxiety in China. ZSS contains several active components, such as alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids. Objective. This study aimed to explore the synergistic effect of alkaloids and saponins from ZSS in alleviating depression in a mouse model. Materials and Methods. Modeling depression with chronic unpredictable stimuli. Pharmacodynamic methods (tail suspension test and forced swimming test) were used to evaluate the antidepressant effects of alkaloids, saponins, and combinations thereof from ZSS. The mechanisms underlying the effect were examined by measuring the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of mice. Results. Compared with the model group, alkaloids therapy (AZSS), saponins therapy (SZSS), and combination therapy significantly reduced the immobility time in behavioral tests (

P
<
0.05

). The contents of noradrenaline (NE), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-HT) in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of depressed mice were increased in the drug treatment groups, especially in the combination group, which increased by 14.65%, 87.72%, 33.44%, 25.64%, 25.39%, and 70.78%, respectively. Several groups showed better results (

P
<
0.05

), especially the combination of alkaloids and saponins. Discussion and Conclusion. The saponins and alkaloids from ZSS exhibited a synergistic effect in improving the behavior of depressed mice. More importantly, the combination of alkaloids (15 mg·kg−1) and saponins (110 mg·kg−1) was effective in alleviating depression in mice, especially in terms of changing the level of DA in the hippocampus.
Dynamics for a Type of Differential‐Algebraic Complex‐Valued Neural Networks with Delay
Authors: Yu Han , Wu Ailong
Published: April 2022

In the article, we apply complex‐valued neural networks (CVNNs) to differential‐algebraic neural networks (DANNs) and establish a new type of differential‐algebraic complex‐valued neural network (DACVNN) with delay (DDACVNN). First of all, the focus of existence and uniqueness of the solution to DDACVNN is addressed. Additionally, a theorem of global exponential stability (GES) of DDACVNN is investigated. In particular, in the discussion of this article, there is no restriction on whether the activation function requires that the real and imaginary parts can be dissociated. Finally, we will give two examples, namely, the activation function can separate the real and imaginary parts, and the activation function cannot separate the real and imaginary parts, both of which can confirm the truth of the effectiveness of theoretical results.
Response Surface Methodology and Textural Profile Analysis for Optimization of Fruit Peel-Based Extruded Snack (Elbow Macaroni)
Authors: Mishra Pragya , Gupta Ena , Gupta Karishma
Published: April 2022

Fruit peel (papaya and banana peel) waste, an agricultural by-product of the fruit processing industry, has abundant phytonutrients and is utilized as a new raw ingredient to develop extruded snack products (macaroni). In our study, macaroni was formulated by response surface methodology (RSM) and textural profile analysis (TPA) using a texture analyzer. The three critical ingredients A = FPB (i.e., papaya and banana peel blend mixed in the ratio of 5 : 2), B= finger millet, and C= semolina were selected to optimize macaroni with balanced nutrition and wholesomeness. Individual 3D plots of the different quality response variables were superimposed, and the maximum sensory scores in terms of texture, colour and appearance (C&A), and overall acceptability (OA) were 5.9, 6.6, and 6.1, respectively. The optimized critical, independent parameters (A = 30.66 g, B = 26.67 g, and C = 12.66 g) were observed for nutritional parameter as energy = 318.3 kcal, protein = 9.6 g/100 g, fiber= 2.7 mg/100 g, and calcium = 26.4 mg/100 g and textural profile (25.1 g force, 0.8 (dimensionless), 22.64 N, 0.91 mm, 20.66 N/mm for hardness/firmness, cohesiveness, gumminess springiness, chewiness, respectively). The proximate composition of optimized fruit peel macaroni was reported to have 5.06, 9.7, 2.7, 1.33, 1.42, and 79.79 percent of moisture, protein, fibre, fat, ash, and carbohydrate, respectively. Thus, instead of disposing and causing environmental hazards, the fruit peels act as promising sources for food supplementation and can be utilized for the nutritional enrichment of snack foods. The present work proposes an alternative method of utilizing food processing wastes (fruit peel) to develop useful value-added extruded food products. Such a replacement in innovative snacks may help in combating malnutrition and reduce the risk of obesity due to overconsumption of snack products.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Gynura procumbens on RAW264.7 Cells via Regulation of the PI3K/Akt and MAPK Signaling Pathways
Authors: Cao Ming-Yuan , Wu Jing , Wu Lei , Gu Zhen , Hu Ju-Wu , Xie Chuan-Qi , Xiong Wei
Published: April 2022

Gynura procumbens is a traditional herb and food extensively cultivated in China and Southeast Asian countries. In this work, the crude extract (CE) of G. procumbens was purified with macroporous resin to obtain the refined fraction, and its anti-inflammatory activity was compared with that of CE. Moreover, the detailed mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity were also investigated for the first time. The results indicated that CE was more effective in anti-inflammatory activity and it could reduce the secretion of NO, TNF-α, and PGE2 via decreasing the iNOS, TNF-α, and COX-2 genes transcription and related proteins translation, which were associated with the inhibition of AP-1 and NF-κB nuclear translocation and downregulation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. In conclusion, the extract of G. procumbens has a promising potential in inflammation-related disorders alleviation, and these findings could provide the basis for the comprehensive utilization of G. procumbens and the new functional food development.
Personnel Positioning System Method in Building Based on Inertial Sensor
Authors: Wang Qingjun , Mu Zhendong
Published: April 2022

At present, the global positioning system has been widely used in outdoor positioning and navigation, but in buildings, thick walls made of cement and bricks have a certain blocking effect on satellite signals, resulting in severely weakened GPS signals, and also extremely it may have an impact on the positioning accuracy, so that the positioning task cannot be completed. Inertial sensor is a kind of sensor mainly detecting and measuring acceleration tilt impact vibration rotation and multi-degree-of-freedom motion, is an important part to solve navigation orientation and motion carrier control. Therefore, we need to study the positioning system and positioning method of the people in the building according to the indoor positioning technology. This article mainly uses inertial sensors as indoor positioning technology for related research. This technology mainly includes linked inertial navigation algorithm and pedestrian dead reckoning algorithm. This paper uses pedestrian dead reckoning algorithm to study the positioning system. The research shows that the PDR algorithm designed this time is more accurate for the positioning of pedestrian movement in the scene of the building. Compared with the previous algorithm research, it has increased by 1%-2% accuracy meets the expected accuracy requirements.
Methodology for Determining the Compliance Matrix and Analyzing the Skew Anisotropic Plate with an Arbitrarily Shaped Hole
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Lu Aizhong , Song Kezhi , Wu Guangming , Wang Lei
Published: April 2022

The previous analytical methods mainly focused on the analysis of orthotropic, transversely isotropic, or even isotropic materials, and little analyses have been conducted on nonorthogonal and extreme anisotropic material properties. In this study, the infinite skew anisotropic plate with an arbitrary-shaped hole are considered. Initially, two local Cartesian coordinate systems are established along the skew orientations in the plate, and the equations for the elastic constants of the material are established according to the transformation formulae under rotation of the coordinate axes. On this basis, the elastic compliance matrix for the skew anisotropic material can be obtained in combination with the engineering constants (Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and shear modulus). Subsequently, the complex variable method is utilized to derive the analytical solutions for stress along the hole boundary. The elliptical, hexagonal, and square holes perforated in skew anisotropic plates are used as examples, respectively, and the stress distributions along the hole boundary are analyzed for different external loadings. Finally, the theoretical method presented in this paper is verified by means of the Finite Element Analysis of ANSYS software.
Efficacy and Safety of Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Anti-VEGF) in Treating Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Yin Xiaobei , He Ting , Yang Shanshan , Cui Hui , Jiang Wenlan
Published: April 2022

This study is aimed at assessing the efficacy and safety of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) inhibitors in treating age-related macular degeneration (AMD). PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied to assess outcomes. Eighteen randomized controlled trials involved 8,847 neovascular AMD patients were selected for the meta-analysis. Pegaptanib (WMD: 6.70;

P
<
0.001

) and ranibizumab (WMD: 17.80;

P
<
0.001

) were associated with greater BCVA changes than control after 1 year. Bevacizumab was linked with less changes in central macular thickness after 1 year compared to control (WMD: -38.50;

P
<
0.001

), but more changes compared to ranibizumab (WMD: 10.69;

P
=
0.024

). The incidence of gain of 15 or more letter visual acuity after 1 year was increased when compared with bevacizumab versus control (RR: 7.80;

P
=
0.001

), pegaptanib versus control (RR: 2.83;

P
=
0.015

), and ranibizumab versus control (RR: 3.92;

P
=
0.003

). Moreover, ranibizumab was associated with more BCVA changes and an increased incidence of gain of 15 or more letter visual acuity after 2 years compared with control (RR: 5.77;

P
<
0.001

). This study found that most anti-VEGF inhibitors provided better efficacy than non-anti-VEGF intervention, and the treatment effectiveness among various anti-VEGF agents was equally effective.
Stackelberg Game Perspective on Pricing Decision of a Dual‐Channel Supply Chain with Live Broadcast Sales
Authors: Zhang Rong , Zhang Xiaoying , Liu Bin
Published: April 2022

Focusing on the dual‐channel supply chain with live broadcasts selling, this paper investigates the service overflow of live broadcasts with Stackelberg game perspective and the impact of retailers’ different market potentials on the pricing decisions of dual‐channel members. Meanwhile, it also evaluates the pricing strategy of online retailers after introducing KOL (Key Opinion Leader) live broadcasts. The results show that when one of the dual‐channel retailers adopts live broadcast sales, the live broadcast service overflow will have an adverse impact on it, but the degree of the impact depends on the market potential of supply chain members, and different power structures can be used to offset the adverse impact of live broadcast service overflow. Then, the live broadcast sales service overflow will have a certain beneficial impact on online retailers under certain circumstances. Furthermore, with the increase of live broadcast sales service overflow, the retail prices of both companies will decline, while the live broadcast sales service overflow is more beneficial for consumers.
Financial Risk Control and Audit of Supply Chain under the Information Technology Environment
Authors: Xiong Mingliang , Chen Limin
Published: April 2022

With the continuous improvement of society’s recognition of supply chain finance and the development of domestic enterprises, the scale of Chinese supply chain financial service market has become larger and larger, and the status of supply chain financial services has gradually become clear. This emerging financing method can solve the problem of financing difficulties for small- and medium-sized enterprises. Many commercial banks are involved, but there are also many risks. As a representative of industrial integration, how commercial banks manage risks and improve the financial service supply chain is the focus of the article’s research. The article designs a set of risk management system based on machine learning and trains similar models to verify consumers by learning user behavior patterns. The system realizes the server-side authentication module and the intelligent terminal protection module and achieves the purpose of real-time protection of the intelligent terminal system. The system will adapt to mainstream Android and IOS on the market, including portable terminal devices and smart wearable devices. If it is found that the device has not been operated by the user, the user will be provided with corresponding feedback results, and a series of automatic protection operations such as device lock and system alarm will be provided. At the same time, we provide two modes of online detection and offline detection. The device only needs to have our cloud user model to authenticate users in an offline environment to ensure that systems in different environments can run. The article solves the imbalance between user data and negative samples and most unlabeled user data and designs a set of management learning methods to ensure user certainty. By cooperating with enterprises, we can learn and analyze this set of data in our system. The results show that the accuracy rates of effective operation and user static data are 93.77% and 95.57%, respectively.
Role of Necroptosis and Immune Infiltration in Human Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection: Novel Insights from Bioinformatics Analyses
Authors: Liu Fuqiang , Wei Tao , Liu Lin , Hou Fangxia , Xu Cuixiang , Guo Hua , Zhang Wei , Ma Meijuan , Zhang Yulian , Yu Qi , Wang Junkui
Published: April 2022

Background. Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is one of the most life-threatening cardiovascular emergencies with high mortality and morbidity, and necroptosis is a newly identified type of programmed cell death and contributes to the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of necroptosis in TAAD has not been elucidated. This study was aimed at determining the role of necroptosis in TAAD using bioinformatics analyses. Methods. The RNA sequencing dataset GSE153434 and the microarray dataset GSE52093 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes of necroptosis (NRDEGs) were identified based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and necroptosis gene set. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was applied to evaluate the gene enrichment signaling pathway in TAAD. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to establish and visualize protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and identify the key functional modules of NRDEGs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of NRDEGs were also performed. Additionally, Spearman correlations were used to construct the necroptosis-related transcription factor-target genes regulatory network, immune infiltration patterns were analyzed using the ImmuCellAI algorithm, and the correlation between immune cell-type abundance and NRDEGs expression was investigated. The expression levels of NRDEGs and immune infiltration were additionally verified in the GSE52093 dataset. Results. We found that the necroptosis pathway was considerably enriched and activated in TAAD samples. Overall, 25 NRDEGs were identified including MLKL, RIPK1, and FADD, and among them, 18 were verified in the validation set. Moreover, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses found that NRDEGs were primarily involved in the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor signaling pathway, and interleukin-17 signaling pathway. The imbalance of Th17/Treg cells was identified in the TAAD samples. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicated that expression of NRDEGs was positively associated with proinflammatory immune-cell infiltrations and negatively associated with anti-inflammatory or regulatory immune-cell infiltrations. Conclusions. The present findings suggest that necroptosis phenomenon exists in TAAD and correlates with immune cell infiltration, which indicate necroptosis may promote the development of TAAD through activating immune infiltration and immune response. This study paves a new road to future investigation of the pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for TAAD.
Navigating the Debate on Managing Large (≥4 cm) Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Steinmetz-Wood Samantha N. , Kennedy Amanda G. , Tompkins Bradley J. , Gilbert Matthew P.
Published: April 2022

Purpose. Discordant practice guidelines for managing large thyroid nodules may result in unnecessary surgeries and costs. Recent data suggest similar false-negative rates in fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies between small (<4 cm) and large (≥4 cm) nodules, indicating that monitoring rather than surgery may be appropriate for large biopsy-negative nodules. We investigated the management of thyroid nodules ≥4 cm to determine the proportion of surgeries not necessary for diagnostic purposes and examined for potential predictors. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who received a FNA of nodule(s) ≥4 cm between 11/1/2014 and 10/31/2019 at the University of Vermont Medical Center. A surgery was considered unnecessary if the FNA result was benign in the absence of any of the following: compressive symptoms, family history of thyroid cancer in a first degree relative, history of neck irradiation, toxic nodule or toxic multinodular goiter, or substernal extension. Data were analyzed with Wilcoxon rank sum tests, chi square, or Fisher’s exact tests. Results. 177 patients had a ≥4 cm nodule during the timeframe and half (54.2%) had surgery. Patients who underwent surgery were significantly younger (51.5 years vs. 62 years;

P
<
0.001

), more likely to report obstructive symptoms (34.4% vs. 12.1%;

P
<
0.001

) and had a larger nodule size (5.0 cm vs. 4.7 cm;

P
=
0.26

). Forty-one patients with benign (Bethesda II) FNA results had surgery, all with negative surgical pathology. Thirteen percentage (23/177) of surgeries were potentially not necessary for diagnostic purposes. Conclusion. Approximately half of our patients with ≥4 cm nodules had surgery, with 13% having surgery not necessary for diagnostic purposes revealing opportunities for improving care and costs.