bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Critical analysis of the drug promotional literatures advertised in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Dhodi D. K. , Chavan M. S. , Dawer F. , Desai S. A. , Bhoir A. R.
Published: May 2020

Background: The objective of the study was to critically analyse the drug promotional literatures (DPLs) advertised in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This observational study was conducted in department of pharmacology, grant government medical college. The data was collected over a period of 3 months after obtaining permission from Institutional Ethics Committee. Around 200 DPLs were collected from different specialty OPDs. Promotional literatures in the form of medical equipment’s, ayurvedic medicine, drug monography, reminder advertisement, identical advertisement and drug name list were excluded from the study. Data compiled was compiled in an excel sheet. The complied data were analyzed with the help of tables and graphs.Results: In our study, the name of the active ingredient, their brand name and the therapeutic uses were mentioned in all the DPLs (100%). The dosage form of the drug was addressed in 85%, whereas the schedule was present in 58% of the DPLs. Most of the DPLs had mentioned about the positive effects of the drug, while few of them described the negative effects of the drugs, namely, adverse drug reactions (39%), precautions to be taken (36%), contraindications (36%) and various drug interactions (33%).Conclusions: A diverse set of results were obtained when a cohort of 200 promotional literatures were analyzed wherein the advantageous effects were highlighted covering the detrimental effects of the drug. DPLs were not in line and accordance with WHO guidelines, but where modified according to the company preferences.
Nitrofurantoin associated pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Ogundipe Olayinka A.
Published: May 2020

This report describes the case of an 83 years old woman presenting to hospital due to a fall, and acute confusion. On admission, she was diagnosed as having clinical and plain X-ray features of a pneumonia. Following treatment and recovery from the pneumonia, she was noted to have persistent clinical signs of bilateral lung crackles on auscultation. A high-resolution computerised tomography scan showed signs of interstitial lung disease consistent with pulmonary fibrosis. Of relevance was a medication history that indicated oral nitrofurantoin had been initiated in primary care for the long-term prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infections. Given the prolonged duration of use of ten years, we considered the possibility of this being an adverse drug reaction in the form of nitrofurantoin associated pulmonary fibrosis. This report also briefly reviews the relevant literature on nitrofurantoin associated pulmonary fibrosis and to promote objectivity in the pharmacovigilance related reporting. The report has been reviewed with the aid of two validated causality assessment systems.
A literature based on entry and development of human immunodeficiency virus into the human host
Authors: Billah Arif , Hossain Mosharaf
Published: May 2020

HIV is a global threat cause of millions of lives and evolved as one of the most dangerous epidemics in the recent era. Among all other viruses infect human, the nature, evolution and development of HIV have fluctuated. This paper is constructed by focusing on a brief of entry and development of HIV into the human being based on the literature. Summary of the paper clarifies that, HIV spillover from chimpanzees, mangabey and western gorilla to the human being and mutated from SIV into HIV long before from discovery in several possible human-animal contacts in Africa. Genetic mutations also found significant into the human host and several subgroups of HIV was identified. Possible ways of entry to the human host are distinguished as the exposure of horizontal and verticle transmission of HIV where the relative risks of these exposures were also quantified. The development process after exposure by HIV is found similar regarding the ways of transmission. Untreated subjects have shown different immunological dysfunction, even death, depending on the severity of the HIV and consequences of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
Novel corona virus outbreak: learn a lesson from Prayag Raj Kumbh
Authors: Chaurasia Rakesh Chandra
Published: May 2020

In December 2019, coronavirus again divert global attention. New coronavirus as first detected in Wuhan, Hubai Province, China has officially named novel coronavirus and designated as 2019 - n CoV. The deadly pneumonia outbreak associated with virus is a zoonotic disease, transmitted to persons from animals
Quality of life after functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Begh Raies Ahmad , Saraf Aditiya , Kishore Kamal , Kalsotra Parmod
Published: May 2020

Background: This paper aims to assess improvement in quality of life (QOL) after functional endoscopic sinus surgery through questionnaire sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT)-22.

Methods: The present study was conducted on 50 patients in Department of ENT and HNS, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu during a time period of July 2017 to September 2019. All the patients with age ≥18 years who failed to respond to medical therapy (3 months) and underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) were included in the study. SNOT-22 questionnaire was used to assess the improvement.  

Results: In our study, preoperative SNOT scores were higher (54±8.05) but after FESS they reduced significantly at 1st (16.47±5.51), 3rd (13.86±4.19), 6th months (12.9±8.05) post operatively. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyposis group had greater mean difference of SNOT-22 scores (43.93) between preoperative period and 3 months postoperative period than patients grouped as CRS without nasal polyposis (41.47).

Conclusions: We concluded that FESS is the best surgical intervention for chronic rhinosinusitis. It significantly improves the quality of life of patients of chronic rhinosinusitis.
Hearing gain after tympanoplasty: a prospective study
Authors: Latoo Manzoor Ahmad , Bhat Romesh , Jallu Aleena Shafi
Published: May 2020

Background: The aim of the present study was to determine hearing improvement in different types of tympanoplasties by comparing mean preoperative air bone (AB) gap with mean postoperative AB gap. The study focused on reconstruction of tympanic membrane and ossicular apparatus by tympanoplasty alone or tympanoplasty with mastoid surgeries (canal wall up or canal wall down).

Methods: 60 patients of either sex having chronic otitis media with conductive hearing loss of >20 dB were included in the study. Each patient had to undergo preoperative and postoperative pure tone audiometry to calculate average AB gap. Patients underwent tympanoplasty, with or without mastoid exploration depending on the disease status. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) was done at 3 months and 6 months and compared with pre-operative PTA.  

Results: Preoperatively PTA showed 29 (48.33%) patients had mild degree of hearing loss, followed by moderate degree of hearing loss in 18 (30.0%) patients. 10 (16.67%) patients had minimal hearing loss and moderately severe hearing loss was seen in 3 (5%) patients. Tympanoplasty alone was done in 52 patients (86.67%). Tympanoplasty with canal wall up mastoidectomy was done in 6 (10%) and tympanoplasty with canal wall down mastoidectomy was done in 2 (3.33%) patients. Type I tympanoplasty was performed in 37 (61.6%) patients, type-III tympanoplasty was the type of surgery in 15 (25.0%) patients. Type II and type IV tympanoplasties were performed in 4 (6.7%) patients each separately.

Conclusions: Hearing gain is better in type I tympanoplasty than in tympanoplasty type II, type III and type IV with or without mastoid surgeries.
Profile of oral cavity neoplastic lesions: two year pilot study at tertiary care centre
Authors: Munjal Manish , Kaur Ramandeep , Rishi Porshia , Tuli Nitika , Singh Harjinder , Talwar Shivam , Sharma Salony , Munjal Shubham
Published: May 2020

Background: In India 53,251 new head and neck cancer cases are diagnosed every year. Benign tumours are more frequently in the oral cavity than oropharynx.

Methods: The prospective study was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, over a period of two and half years, comprised of 66 cases of head and neck neoplasia. The demographic, gender profile, clinical presentation, histopathological diagnosis, therapeutic modality undertaken and post op complications of neoplastic lesions of the oral cavity were studied. follow up was done for 6 months. The therapeutic modalities included surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy as per the stage of the lesion.

Results: Incidence of oral cancer is 13.6% among head and neck neoplasms over a period of 2 years (2011-2012). The overall male to female ratio was 1:1.25, among benign was 1:1 and among malignant was 1:1.3. Benign oral cavity tumors were managed surgically with wide excision. Out of 7, 4 (44%) malignant oral cavity tumor patient experienced difficulty in swallowing. Three (43%) out of 4 squamous cell carcinoma patients complained of difficulty in speaking, which is commonly seen in post-glossectomy patients. The survival rate for 6 months follows up, was 100%.

Conclusions: Squamous cell carcinoma is the commonest oral cavity neoplasia. At post treatment follow up period of 6 months survival rate of benign neoplasia is better than malignant neoplasia.
Hard of hearing as a presenting complaint in patients with chronic otitis media
Authors: Hubballi Ravi Kishore , Koripalli Keerthi
Published: May 2020

Background: Chronic otitis media (COM) is highly prevalent disease of middle ear. Common presenting complaint is ear discharge. Though pathogenesis of COM involves alteration of conductive mechanism of hearing, it has been observed that hard of hearing (HOH) is not the presenting complaint in all cases of COM. Therefore, this study is taken up to know prevalence of hard of hearing as a presenting complaint in patients with COM.

Methods: 100 patients were taken up for study. Detailed history and examination were done. The samples were assessed based on gender, age, presenting complaints, duration between onset of ear discharge and HOH and the type of hearing loss.  

Results: Out of 100 patients with COM, HOH was presenting complaint in 60%. Ear discharge was most common complaint. In 10% HOH was the only complaint. Among 40% who did not complain of HOH, 24% gave history of HOH and 16% patients denied any history of HOH.

Conclusions: Though pathogenesis of COM involves alteration of conductive mechanism of hearing but yet not all patients of COM present with or give history of HOH. In COM as the disease process advances slowly, the patient appears to adapt to the loss so that thresholds of 30-40 dB HL are common with little complaint from the patient. Our present study indicated that among 100 patients, 84 patients presented with or gave history of HOH and 16 patients did not have presenting complaint or history of HOH but those 16 patients were proved to be having conductive hearing loss on examination.

 
‘Learning ENT’ by YouTube videos: perceptions of third professional MBBS students
Authors: Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Thaddanee Rekha , Khilnani Gurudas
Published: May 2020

Background: Advancement in technology has revolutionized the concept of teaching and learning medicine. YouTube is a popular and easily accessible tool to teach medical subjects. This study was done to evaluate the students’ perception of YouTube learning in ENT.

Methods: This was a prospective study where a subject specific YouTube channel, ‘Learning ENT’, created by 1st author, was used to upload videos on selected topics in ENT for third professional MBBS part-1 students (n=145). Students were instructed to access the said videos from time to time throughout the year. At the end of the academic year the perceptions of students were taken and analyzed.  

Results: 124 students responded to the online questionnaire. 123 (99.2%) watched YouTube videos on their smart phones. 70 students (56.5%) accessed the YouTube videos for ENT topics very often. 122 (98.4%) students felt that these videos made them understand the topics better. Similarly, 115 (92.7%) students felt that these videos enhanced their interest in the subject. 114 (91.9%) students felt that these videos were more beneficial for practical topics in ENT. 61 students (49.2%) perceived that the duration of videos should be 5-10 minutes. Almost equal number (47.6%) students felt that 10-15 minutes duration is appropriate. 79 students (63.7%) perceived that watching videos made the topic easy to understand and also interesting. 71 students (57.2 %) felt that there were no limitations of the said channel.

Conclusions: When integrated with other teaching learning methods, YouTube can be an effective tool to facilitate ENT learning.
A rare case report: bilateral cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants
Authors: Goel Sachin , Jain Neha , Narang Ekta , Roy Suparna , Khatri Arti
Published: May 2020

Cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants (CCBR) are rare congenital benign neck masses. They are usually present in males and can be both unilateral and bilateral. In this article, we present a case of bilateral CCBR in a child which is one of the very few bilateral cases that have been reported till date in the literature. The masses were excised completely and diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology. It is important to be aware of this disease entity as it is associated with a number of congenital anomalies and syndromes.
Algorithm for predicting the vibrational state of a turbine rotor using machine learning
Authors: Bolotov M. A. , Pechenin V. A. , Pechenina E. J. , Ruzanov N. V.
Published: May 2020

A machine learning algorithm has been developed to solve the problem of predicting a vibrational state in order to improve the turbine rotor assembly processes using its digital twin. The digital twin of the rotor includes a parametric 3D model specially created in the CAD module of the NX program and a design project in the ANSYS system in which the working conditions of the rotor are simulated. The parameters of vibration acceleration and the reaction force of the rotor supports at critical speeds depending on geometric errors were calculated. To reduce the complexity of the calculations, neural network architectures were chosen to predict the parameters of the vibrational state depending on the geometric errors of the rotors. The novelty of the work lies in the creation and use of the original numerical model of balancing, taking into account the rotor manufacturing tolerances.
Optimizing the process of changing spacecraft orbital parameters by using a spinning electrodynamic tether sytem
Authors: Lu Hongshi , Wang Changqing , Zabolotnov Yu. M.
Published: May 2020

The paper considers parametric optimization of the process of changing orbital parameters by using a spinning electrodynamic tether system. Changes in the semi-major axis and eccentricity are taken as the two major goals, and two control laws are proposed accordingly. Current is regulated according to the instantaneous position of the conductive tether, which allows ensuring the calculated direction of the Lorentz force produced by the interaction of the conductive tether with the Earths magnetic field. A combined control scheme for simultaneous changes in the semi-major axis and eccentricity is proposed. The parameters of control laws are optimized on the basis of the Nelder-Mead method by using different objective functions and constraints. It is also shown that, by using the criteria of quick response and minimum impulse, we obtain optimal solutions corresponding to the boundary values of the selected parameters. Therefore, a convolution of these criteria is proposed as a compromise, which ensures a specified change in the orbital parameters of the system mass center.
A prática de atividade física em pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 – estudo transversal
Authors: Costa Bruna Yara , Chavaglia Suzel Regina Ribeiro , Ohl Rosali Isabel Barduchi , Gamba Mônica Antar , Meneguci Joilson
Published: May 2020

Objetivou-se identificar a associação entre características sociodemográficas e clínicas com a prática de atividade física em momentos de lazer de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2. Estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado com pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2, cadastradas junto a Equipes de Estratégia da Saúde da Família de um município de Minas Gerais. Realizou-se entrevista e avaliação clínica entre fevereiro e novembro de 2017, aplicando-se instrumento elaborado pelos autores. Para análise dos dados autorreferidos utilizou-se estatística descritiva e regressão logística, com nível de significância de 5% (α = 0,05). Participaram 558 pessoas, predominando: mulheres (66,8%), ≥ 60 anos (66,3%), tempo de doença <10 anos (63,8%), Índice de Massa Corpórea alterado (69,2%) e prática de atividade física reduzida (73,1%). Identificou-se associação entre menor prática de atividade física e sexo, renda, glicemia e comorbidades. Conclui-se que existe associação entre características sociodemográficas, condições clínicas dos participantes com a menor prática de atividade física.
Percepções de gestantes com diabetes mellitus gestacional: diagnóstico, hospitalização e enfrentamentos
Authors: Fernandes Maira Julyê Mota , Ferreira Cintia Bragheto
Published: May 2020

Objetivou-se investigar como gestantes internadas para controle da diabetes mellitus gestacional vivenciaram o diagnóstico e a necessidade de internação para controle da doença. Buscou-se ainda identificar as estratégias de coping utilizadas para o enfrentamento da doença e as percepções sobre os aspectos emocionais possuírem relação com o descontrole glicêmico. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa-descritiva, com entrevistas semiestruturadas, e seis gestantes, no período de maio e junho de 2018. A análise dos dados ocorreu de forma indutiva, a partir da transcrição na íntegra e leitura curiosa e exaustivadas entrevistas, organizadas a posteriori em quatro eixos temáticos, analisados embasados na literatura do campo das doenças crônicas, gestantes e coping. Os resultados evidenciaram sentimentos como ansiedade e angústia frente ao diagnóstico e dificuldades com mudanças alimentares na hospitalização. As principais estratégias de enfrentamento relacionaram-se ao autocuidado e suporte social/familiar. Nos aspectos emocionais, não houve consenso que seja fator determinante para alterações na enfermidade.
Estado mental dos cuidadores de idosos em hemodiálise
Authors: Sato Ana Cristina Toyama , Ribeiro Rita de Cássia Helú Mendonça , Ribeiro Renato Mendonça , Martins Marielza Regina Ismael , Poletti Nádia Aparecida Antônia , Werneck Alexandre Lins
Published: May 2020

O objetivo foi caracterizar os aspectos sociodemográficos, econômicos e clínicos e analisar o estado mental dos cuidadores de idosos em hemodiálise. Estudo transversal, descritivo, quantitativo, realizado em 2017 na unidade de tratamento dialítico com 91 cuidadores de pacientes idosos. Destes, 80,22% eram de familiares, 68,13% mulheres, 45,05% com mais de oito anos de estudo, 71,43% não portadores de hipertensão arterial, com média de idade de 50,37 anos, tempo médio em hemodiálise e de cuidado do idoso pelo cuidador de 36,60±39,65 e 72,70±109,50 meses, respectivamente. Três variáveis categóricas influenciaram significativamente os escores do estado mental dos cuidadores: tipo de cuidador, escolaridade e ocorrência de hipertensão arterial. O coeficiente de variação foi de 17,56% com escore mínimo de 10,0 pontos e máximo de 29,0 pontos. O estado mental foi influenciado pelo tipo de cuidador, a escolaridade e a presença de hipertensão arterial.
Ter e ser familiar de pessoa privada de liberdade: repercussões na experiência de mães e companheiras
Authors: Calicchio Maria das Graças De Mendonça Silva , Barsaglini Reni Aparecida
Published: May 2020

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar as repercussões imateriais e materiais de privação de liberdade de familiar postas na experiência de mães e companheiras. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, realizada com mães e companheiras de pessoas privadas de liberdade de uma Penitenciária Estadual Masculina do Estado de Mato Grosso em 2018. Para a coleta dos dados, valeu-se das técnicas do grupo focal e da entrevista compreensiva, sendo uma complementar a outra, utilizando roteiros com questões temáticas e flexíveis, adotando-se a análise temática não tradicional para o tratamento dos dados. Foram construídas duas categorias: Repercussões imateriais do aprisionamento de familiar: continuidades e descontinuidades na identidade feminina e os efeitos sociomorais; e, Repercussões materiais do aprisionamento de familiar. Verificou-se as seguintes repercussões: construção da identidade social da mulher (persistência, constrangimentos, humilhações, sacrifícios), sociomorais (vergonha, estigmatização, exclusão social) e materiais (aumento das despesas domésticas, dificuldade de acesso ao Auxílio-Reclusão). O aprisionamento ultrapassa e atinge os familiares, tensionando valores, normas, deveres e obrigações sociais, morais e financeiras.
Epidemiologia e Saúde Coletiva: aspectos históricos e evolução da produção científica
Authors: Basto da Silva Gustavo Correia , Melo Neto Osires De Medeiros , Nóbrega Waleska Fernanda Souto
Published: May 2020

A Epidemiologia, em comunhão com a Saúde Coletiva, forma o pilar da pesquisa científica em saúde, de modo a contribuir substancialmente para o desenvolvimento de ações e serviços.  Desse modo, o presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma reflexão acerca dos aspectos históricos e evolução da produção científica dos campos da epidemiologia e saúde coletiva. Em suma, a análise da produção científica demonstrou que o interesse na temática não é recente e tem aumentado ao longo do tempo, entretanto ainda conta com um número restrito de artigos, concentrados geograficamente nas regiões sul e sudeste, marcados pela baixa diversidade de teorias e por fragilidades de aportes metodológicos.
Impacto da fadiga na qualidade de vida de mulheres com câncer de mama
Authors: Campos Cristiane Soares , Oliveira Taliana Da Silva Gomes , Anjos Anna Cláudia Yokoyama dos , Ferreira Maria Beatriz Guimarães , Magnabosco Patrícia , Porto Juliana Pena
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de vida de mulheres com fadiga secundária à quimioterapia durante o tratamento para o câncer de mama. Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo, quantitativo, com 47 mulheres atendidas em um hospital universitário. Os dados foram coletados entre 2017 a 2018 em dois momentos (T1 e T2), através de instrumentos de mensuração específicos para fadiga e qualidade de vida. Houve predomínio de mulheres com fadiga moderada, a dimensão afetiva foi a mais afetada, e a qualidade de vida apresentada foi razoável. As correlações entre fadiga total e estado geral de saúde, função social e dor foram significativas apenas em T2; o que sugere que quanto mais persistente a fadiga, maior poderá ser o comprometimento da qualidade de vida. O estudo mostrou que a fadiga compromete funcional, emocional e socialmente as mulheres; sendo necessário investigar medidas mais efetivas para o gerenciamento da fadiga e para o reestabelecimento da qualidade de vida.
Stray Philosophy
Authors: Meijer Eva
Published: May 2020

In the first case study, the author develops the ideas about language and politics further by discussing her own personal experiences with Romanian stray dog Olli around three themes: language, freedom, and politics. The author focuses on the first three months with Olli, in which a common language and habits were created and a certain level of freedom was established for him. The first section shows how their common language and habits came into existence. This created a common world, as well as a way to express that world, which changed both the dog and the human in question. The second section discusses learning to walk on the lead in relation to freedom and oppression in interspecies communities. The last section focuses on Olli’s political agency as a former stray dog, both on the micro- and macro-levels. By emphasizing Olli’s perspective and actions, this chapter also aims to explore ways to move beyond anthropocentrism in philosophy. The author learned to see the world through his eyes, and experienced the constraints dogs must live with in cities anew, because everything was new for him. Living together changed both of them.
Animal Politics
Authors: Meijer Eva
Published: May 2020

Chapter 4 challenges political anthropocentrism. It first discusses critiques of anthropocentric interpretations of politics from the perspective of justice. These critiques are important, but we also need to investigate the power relations that have shaped our understanding of politics, and investigate the different forms of institutional and epistemic violence that play a role in these processes. Our systems of knowledge, which are interconnected with cultural practices, intersect with political exclusion. While humans recognize direct violence towards other animals, institutional violence is often not recognized because it is interconnected with epistemic violence, rendering it invisible. Language plays a role in this process. Other animals are formally excluded from political institutions and practices because they do not speak, which refers back to a view of language as exclusively human, and this view is interconnected with cultural practices and knowledge production. Challenging this requires rethinking politics with other animals. Non-human animals exercise political agency, and recognizing this is part of seeing them as full persons. In addition to analyzing power relations, we should aim to get a better view of what constitutes a good life for them, and develop new forms of politics in interaction with them.
Worm Politics
Authors: Meijer Eva
Published: May 2020

In Chapter 6, the author discusses worm politics, both in order to further clarify the borders of the political, and in order to show the variety of possible relations with non-human animals. The chapter contrasts new materialist approaches to non-humans with political animal philosophy, and also discusses the relation between knowledge and power around the example of earthworms as laboratory animals. The author then turns to new forms of interacting with earthworms, first by discussing eating as relating and then by reviewing proposals to view them as sovereign communities, or neighbors. The chapter ends by suggesting that we should respect earthworms and start regarding them differently. Food can be a starting point in establishing new relations.
Mixed-Race Children and Their Korean Mothers
Authors: Woo Susie
Published: May 2020

This chapter looks at what happened to the Korean women and children who remained in South Korea. It sets the stage by describing how President Rhee’s 1953 directive to remove children with American fathers to the United States heightened the vulnerability of those who stayed. The South Korean government worked closely with Harry Holt and in 1954 established Korea’s first welfare agency, Child Placement Service, expressly to remove mixed-race children. The chapter describes how US racial identification practices used to determine which children were “part-black” were introduced to and became institutionalized in South Korea. It also describes how Korean women were erased in this process. They were coerced to give up their mixed-race children and were offered no support from either government. For the children, solutions ranging from segregated schools to welfare reports that pathologized them as “social handicaps” relegated this population to the margins. The chapter ends with a consideration of how mixed-race children and the mothers who fought to raise them navigated the ongoing legacies of US militarization in South Korea.
Los derechos laborales colectivos y las relaciones laborales transnacionales: competencia judicial y ley aplicable
Authors: Fernández Artiach Pilar
Published: May 2020

La solución de los conflictos de jurisdicciones y de leyes que pueda provocar el ejercicio extraterritorial de los derechos laborales colectivos carece de tratamiento por parte del legislador comunitario, al no haber introducido en las normas existentes en materia de determinación de la competencia judicial y de la legislación aplicable los criterios de conexión necesarios para determinar cuál pueda ser el órgano judicial competente para conocer del conflicto (conflicto de jurisdicciones) y qué ordenamiento jurídico nacional resulta aplicable al asunto (conflicto de leyes). Con este trabajo se busca aportar soluciones razonadas en los casos en los que no existen tales criterios de conexión, así como argumentar sobre la posible aplicación, en ciertos casos, de las normas comunitarias existentes en la actualidad.
Pelatihan Media Berbasis E-learning Menggunakan Kahoot! untuk Guru Fisika
Authors: Suyidno Suyidno , Zainuddin Zainuddin , Misbah Misbah , Salam Abdul , Mastuang Mastuang , Sasmita Fauzia Dwi , Hanifah Nor , Ramadhan Rizki
Published: May 2020

Berdasarkan hasil observasi di beberapa sekolah di Banjarmasin, diketahui bahwa proses pembelajaran fisika jarang dikaitkan dengan penggunaan teknologi, seperti penggunaan media berbasis e-learning dalam pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu perlu pembekalan kepada guru fisika SMP/ SMA/sederajat tentang penggunaan teknologi dalam proses pembelajaran, salah satunya penggunaan media berbasis e-learning menggunakan kahoot!. Tim pengabdian masyarakat melaksanakan kegiatan pelatihan dengan tujuan melatih penggunaan media berbasis e-learning menggunakan kahoot! dalam pembelajaran fisika. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan melalui metode demonstrasi dan praktik secara langsung membuat media pembelajaran menggunakan kahoot! . Kegiatan ini dihadiri oleh 17 orang guru fisika. Hasil akhir kegiatan pengabdian ini ialah  dihasilkannya media berbasis e-learning menggunakan kahoot! dalam pembelajaran fisika.  Media ini dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam meningkatkan minat peserta didik dalam belajar fisika.Based on observation result in schools in Banjarmasin, physics learning seldom to utilize technology, such as e-learning-based media. Therefore, physics teachers in high school need to be supplied with technology utilization in the learning process. In this dedication to society, the supplied e-learning-based media to the teachers is Kahoot!. The team conducted training to exercise utilization of Kahoot! in physics learning. This program intends to produce e-learning-based media using Kahoot! and international in physics learning. Community service activities are carried out through demonstration methods and practices that directly create learning media using Kahoot!. This activity was attended by 17 physics teachers. The final result of this community service activity is the production of e-learning based media using Kahoot! in learning physics. This media can be used as an alternative to increasing students' interest in learning physics.
Pelatihan Penggunaan Google Classroom untuk Mengoptimalkan Proses Pembelajaran
Authors: Sari Delsika Pramata , Sukmawati R Ati , Purba Harja Santana , Muhammad Dimas Maulana , Azis Syahril Hanla
Published: May 2020

Kualitas pendidikan sangat bergantung pada kualitas pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan guru di kelas. Optimalisasi proses pembelajaran dapat dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan penggunaan teknologi sebagai media pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu sangat penting melatihkan penggunaan google classroom kepada para guru. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah memberikan pelatihan penggunaan google classroom untuk mengoptimalkan proses pembelajaran di SMK ISFI Banjarmasin, dan menghasilkan modul google classroom. Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah para guru SMK ISFI Banjarmasin. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini, antara lain memberikan pelatihan pengetahuan mendasar mengenai penggunaan google classroom, memberikan gambaran pengalaman bagaimana penggunaan google classroom secara sistematis dalam pembelajaran, serta menghasilkan modul google classroom. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan modul google classroom yang digunakan oleh para guru dalam pelatihan. Selain itu, kegiatan ini berkontribusi meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan guru dalam penggunaan google classroom sebagai media pembelajaran. Penggunaan google classroom diharapkan dapat membuat proses pembelajaran menjadi menyenangkan, sehingga berdampak positif terhadap hasil belajar siswa, serta meningkatkan kualitas kinerja guru. The quality of education is very dependent on the quality of learning carried out by teachers in the classroom. The optimization of the learning process can be done by integrating the use of technology as a learning medium. Therefore it is very important to train the use of google classroom to teachers. Community service aims to provide training in using google classroom to optimize the learning process at SMK ISFI Banjarmasin and produce a google classroom module. The target of this activity is Banjarmasin ISFI Vocational School, teachers. The methods used in this activity include providing training in basic knowledge about using google classroom, providing an overview of experiences on how to use google classroom systematically in learning, and producing a google classroom module. This activity produces a google classroom module that is used by teachers in training. In addition, this activity contributes to increasing teacher knowledge and ability in using Google classroom as a learning medium. The use of google classroom is expected to make the learning process enjoyable so that it has a positive impact on student learning outcomes while improving the quality of teacher performance.
Pemberdayaan Perempuan Desa: Produksi dan Pemasaran Nata de Coco
Authors: Sholahuddin Arif , Analita Rizki Nur , Iriani Rilia , Suharto Bambang
Published: May 2020

Desa Tamban Muara, Kecamatan Tamban, Kabupaten Barito Kuala, Kalimantan Selatan merupakan sebuah desa yang memiliki sumber daya alam yang berlimpah berupa tanaman kelapa. Air dari buah kelapa yang ada seringkali tidak digunakan, sehingga pelaksana kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bermaksud mengolah air kelapa tersebut menjadi Nata de Coco agar lebih bermanfaat. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah agar masyarakat Desa Tamban Muara dapat memanfaatkan dan mengolah air kelapa, serta memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang pengemasan dan pemasaran Nata de Coco hasil produksi rumah tangga. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan berupa penyuluhan dan praktik tentang pembuatan Nata de Coco serta praktik pengemasan dan sosialisasi tentang pemasaran Nata de Coco kemasan. Peserta kegiatan adalah ibu-ibu yang tergabung dalam kelompok Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) sebagai perwakilan masyarakat Desa Tamban Muara. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan tersebut adalah peserta kegiatan mampu: (1) membuat Nata de Coco dari air kelapa yang diperoleh dari lingkungan sekitar; (2) mengemas Nata de Coco menjadi produk yang siap dijual, dan (3) memasarkan Nata de Coco untuk dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat luas. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat tersebut diharapkan dapat mendukung pemberdayaan perempuan/ibu rumah tangga dan dan meningkatkan ekomomi keluarga. Tamban Muara Village in Tamban Subdistrict, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan, is a village that has a lot of coconut trees as natural resources. The availability of coconut water is typically unused, so the community service team decided to process the coconut water into Nata de Coco to be more useful. The aims of the activities are to pursue villagers of Tamban Muara in utilizing and processing coconut water and also in getting knowledge and skills in packaging and marketing of Nata de Coco from household production. Activities method that has been done are counseling and practicing about Nata de Coco production, alongside with packaging and marketing. The participants are representative of the Empowerment of Family Welfare of Tamban Muara Village. The result of this activity are the representative can: (1) produce Nata de Coco from coconut water of village; (2) package Nata de Coco become a product that ready to sell; and (3) market Nata de Coco to be consumed by the wider community. The community service activities are expected to support the empowerment of the women/housewife and to increase family economically.
11. Sınıflar İçin ‘Sindirim Sistemi’ Konusuna Yönelik Başarı Testi Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: KAYA Sergun , GÜL Şeyda
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmada on birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin “Sindirim Sistemi” konusundaki bilgilerini ölçmeye yarayan bir başarı testi geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Keşfedici karma araştırma deseni ile yürütülen çalışmanın nitel basamağında doküman incelemesi yöntemi, nicel basamağında ise tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Buna göre öncelikle araştırmacılar tarafından alan yazın taranmış ve toplam 40 adet çoktan seçmeli soru hazırlanmıştır. Testin geçerlik çalışmalarında uzman görüşüne başvurulmuş, böylece hazırlanan taslak testteki sorular alanında uzman akademisyen ve öğretmenlerin görüşüne sunularak dil, kapsam, anlaşılabilirlik vb. açılardan incelenmiştir. Uzman görüşü doğrultusunda düzeltilen 40 soruluk test madde analizi için 201 on birinci sınıf öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Öğrencilerden elde edilen verilere yapılan madde analizi sonrası sorular için düzeltme/çıkarma yoluna gidilmiştir. Madde analizi sonrası 25 maddeye indirilen testin ortalama güçlüğü 0.564, ortalama ayırt ediciliği 0.343 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra 126 kişilik farklı bir öğrenci grubuna uygulanan başarı testinin KR-20 güvenirlik katsayısı ise 0.91 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde, öğretim programında kazanımlara uygun sorular içeren, geçerli ve güvenilir bir test olduğu söylenebilir.
Importância do Acinetobacter baumannii no ambiente hospitalar
Authors: Cangussu Edson Wagner Silva
Published: May 2020

As espécies de Acinetobacter são conhecidas como importantes patógenos oportunistas, principalmente em pacientes imunocomprometidos e hospitalizados. Frequentemente a disseminação de A. baumannii ocorre através do contato entre pacientes, ou através dos profissionais de saúde, direta ou indiretamente. O A. baumannii tem sido o cerne da atenção da comunidade científica e médica. Face o exposto o presente trabalho visa descrever, através de revisão literária sistemática, sobre essa espécie, sua patogenicidade e virulência, assim como relatar sobre a prevalência e incidência como agente infeccioso no ambiente hospitalar. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico em periódicos das línguas portuguesa e inglesa, no perídio de 2000 a 2019, nas bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS. Foram analisados e inseridos no trabalho 34 trabalhos. As espécies do gênero Acinetobacter apresentam uma gama de fatores de virulência que viabilizam a sobrevida e adaptação dos micro-organismos no ambiente e a aquisição de resistência é realizada por um número variado de mecanismos. Os pacientes imunocomprometidos e submetidos a ventilação mecânica são comumente colonizados e infectados por essa espécie bacteriana. Com base no levantamento bibliográfico pode-se aferir que o A. baumannii a cada dia tem ganhado destaque e relevância como agente infecioso no ambiente hospitalar. De forma especial sua participação como agente etiológico em pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica mostra o quanto é importante estratégias visando métodos profiláticos e preventivos.
Revisão: Análise dos estoques de carbono no solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais no Brasil
Authors: Marinho Junior Josué Luiz , Lima Dayane de Souza , Dias João Lucas Aires , Araújo Filho Renisson Neponuceno de
Published: May 2020

Atividades antrópicas têm causado a elevação da concentração dos gases de efeito estufa na atmosfera, principalmente devido mudanças causadas no uso da terra, que alteram a capacidade dos solos em armazenar o CO2. O presente estudo busca revisar publicações atuais sobre mudanças no estoque de carbono do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais publicados nos últimos anos e realizar uma avaliação crítica e sistêmica do assunto, considerando as metodologias utilizadas em cada trabalho e os diferentes tipos de manejo e uso dos solos em várias regiões do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados foram selecionados 35 artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos que se correlacionavam com o tema. Feito o levantamento dos artigos buscou-se caracterizar os ecossistemas brasileiros e resumir os principais dados publicados sobre os estoques de carbono nos ecossistemas e posteriormente os as estimativas dos estoques em ambientes sob mudança uso do solo. Os resultados apontaram que as diferentes coberturas vegetais apresentam distintas, entretanto positiva capacidade em estocar carbono no solo no Brasil e que variáveis como o manejo, a textura, atributos físicos, químicos e biológicos são fatores significativos e podem e influenciam diretamente nos resultados.
Técnicas de sensoriamento remoto para delimitação de áreas queimadas no Tocantins através do processamento digital de imagens Landsat 8-TM
Authors: Silva Francisca Cassia da Silva , Pinheiro Fabianna Rodrigues , Souza Igor Viana , Duarte Victor Braga Rodrigues , Silva Marcos Vinícius Cardoso da , Portella Augustus Caeser Frank , Giongo Marcos
Published: May 2020

Métodos de detecção de áreas queimadas são fundamentais para que se possa realizar um levantamento histórico, bem como para o dimensionamento dos efeitos produzidos pelo fogo sobre o ambiente. Nesse sentindo o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar procedimento e metodologia para a delimitação de áreas queimadas através do processamento de imagens Landsat 8-TM, no período de maior ocorrência de focos de calor em três áreas, sendo estas localizadas nas regiões Leste, Sul e Norte do estado do Tocantins. Para a obtenção das áreas queimadas foram realizados procedimentos de classificação das imagens objetivando a classe de interesse (área queimada). Inicialmente foi realizado pré-processamento nas imagens sendo: correção radiométrica, atmosférica e correção do sistema de projeção. Após esta etapa, foi realizado o processamento das imagens para a obtenção do NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) em imagens antes e depois do fogo, denominadas de Im1 e Im2. Após a obtenção do NDVI, as imagens foram comparadas pixel a pixel por subtração dos valores de NDVI, gerando uma imagem diferença. A classificação supervisionada apresentou melhor desempenho que a não supervisionada. As maiores ocorrências de áreas queimadas foram nas cenas 221/67 e 222/68 que está relacionada com o clima, vegetação, ocupação e uso do solo das regiões abrangidas por estas cenas.
Tempo de armazenamento e métodos de superação da dormência de pirê-nios de Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunt
Authors: Sousa Hygor Gomes de Almeida , Aguiar Bruno Aurélio Campos , Epifânio Maristela Lima Figueiredo Guimarães , Silva Renata Carvalho da , Souza Priscila Bezerra de
Published: May 2020

Objetivou-se avaliar a germinação dos pirênios de Byrsonima crassifolia considerando períodos de armazenamento e métodos de superação de dormência. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 60 pirênios por tratamento, distribuídos em quatro repetições e oito tratamentos, semeados em sacos plásticos com dimensões de 17 x 22 x 0,15cm contendo solo do local das matrizes sendo realizadas regas diárias para manutenção da umidade do substrato. O armazenamento dos pirênios foi de 0, 60, 120 e 180 dias e os tratamentos totalizaram em 8 com testemunha, e outros realizado as superações química e mecânica. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que os pirênios de Byrsonima crassifolia apresentaram melhor qualidade fisiológica quando armazenadas por 120 dias. A embebição em (H2SO4) por 40 minutos e (GA3) por 48 horas favoreceram a germinação e proporcionaram maiores índices de velocidade de germinação (IVG) em relação aos demais.
Vitamin D Dietary Intake through Dairy Products to Reduce the Risk of Osteoporosis
Authors: Polzonetti Valeria , Pucciarelli Stefania , Vincenzetti Silvia , Polidori Paolo
Published: May 2020

Background: Vitamin D and calcium are important dietary compounds that affect bone mass, even if other minerals (potassium, zinc, etc.) and other vitamins (A, C and K) are also involved. Vitamin D and other minerals, in fact, play an important role in calcium homeostasis and calcium absorption. Hip fractures incidence is higher in western countries, where calcium is frequently included in human diet, while the occurrence of these fractures is lower in developing countries, where diets are often poor in calcium. This situation is known as the “calcium paradox”, and may be partially explained considering phosphate toxicity, that can induce a disorder of mineral metabolism. It is important to maintain adequate dietary calcium-phosphate balance in order to perform a healthy life, reducing the risk of osteoporotic fracture in older people. Vitamin D can also act as a hormone; vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) is derived from the UV-B radiation of ergosterol, the vitamin D precursor naturally found in plants, fungi, and invertebrates. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is originated by sunlight exposure from 7-dehydrocholesterol, a precursor of cholesterol that can also act as a provitamin D3. Dietary intake of vitamin D3 is very important when skin is exposed for short times to ultraviolet B light (UV-B) one of the three kinds of invisible light rays together with UV-A and UV-C. This can be considered the usual situation in northern latitudes and in winter season, or the typical condition for older people and/or for people with very white delicate skin. Actually, the recommended daily intake of dietary vitamin D is strictly correlated with age, ranging from 5 μg for infants, children, teen-agers and adults, including women during pregnancy and lactation, to 15 μg for people over 65 years.
Role of Advanced Glycation End Products on Aortic Calcification in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sanchis Pilar , Rivera Rosmeri , Fortuny Regina , Rio Carlos , Mas-Gelabert Miguel , Gonzalez-Freire Marta , Grases Felix , Masmiquel Luis
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted from January 2017 to June 2018. One-hundred and four consecutive patients with DM2 were given lateral lumbar X-rays in order to quantify aortic abdominal calcification AAC. Circulating levels of AGEs and classical cardiovascular risk factors were determined. Clinical history was also registered. Patients with higher AGEs values had higher grades of aortic calcification and higher number of diabetic related complications. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being older, male and having high levels of AGEs and triglycerides were the independent risk factors associated to moderate-severe AAC when compared to no-mild AAC. Our results suggest that AGEs plays a role in the pathogenesis of aortic calcifications. In addition, the measurement of AGEs levels may be useful for assessing the severity of AAC in the setting of diabetic complications.