bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hospital information systems in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Romanová Anita , Švejdová Natália
Published: October 2020

Process-managed organization has much in common with the management of the information system. Management of the company can therefore be compared to the management of the system, while it is necessary to ensure information and communication flows. Effective information processing and knowledge base building are the basis for the functioning of the organization and its strategic intent. The means to achieve this goal is the information system. Informatization is the process of penetrating ICT into all areas of society in order to make it work effectively. An important part of building the information society is eHealth. The Internet, information systems, information technology and healthcare electronisation are important aids to improve and streamline the functioning of the entire health system, as they enable faster and more effective communication between all actors in the health sector (ie pharmacies, patients, healthcare facilities and insurance companies). The aim of this paper is to analyze hospital information systems in hospitals on the territory of the Slovak Republic, to identify the modules they consist of and to define interconnections of these systems with other information systems, not only within the given organization but also from the external environment.
Is marketing communication really a challenge for companies on Instagram?
Authors: Sánta Kamilla , Baša Patrik , Machová Renáta
Published: October 2020

Meeting the challenges of social media is becoming more and more important for companies in the 21stcentury. If companies want to be successful, they need to be present not only in the real world but also in the virtual world. With this paper, we would like to help companies in their marketing communication on Instagram. We carried out an international research on the most important factors of Instagram business profile and examined their relationship by correlation analysis. Our results are summarized in a model, which includes several factors that companies must simultaneously consider when following a particular social media strategy. Since we have not discovered big differences among the countries we examined, our model could have been used internationally (primarily by Central European companies).
Business ideas in start-ups
Authors: Slávik Štefan
Published: October 2020

Start-up is a modern entrepreneurship form designed to realize original business ideas, mostly based on new technologies and the Internet. It evolves in the development cycle, which is determined by the business idea development cycle and the financing cycle. The purpose of the paper is to describe and analyse the business idea. The business idea is characterized by its content, circumstances of its origin, degree of originality and evidence of this originality. Start-ups are dominated by business ideas based on the application of information and communication technologies, the business idea is most often created by combining professional and business experience, but its originality is from the international point of view only average and the level of legal protection is quite rare.
Controlling in Manufacturing Enterprises Operating in the Territory of the Slovak Republic
Authors: Sochanič Vladislav , Paprskárová Paulína
Published: October 2020

In recent years, control has become increasingly important than the last management function. The growing interest in this function is also due to the economic crisis, which has led many companies to be on the verge of bankruptcy or to force their business to cease completely. Companies that wanted to survive in a turbulent business environment were forced to streamline processes as well as redistribute their resources more efficiently. The main aim of the paper is to find out the importance of control perceived by employees and managers and the introduced changes in control in manufacturing companies in the Slovak Republic.
Funktionserholung nach Schlaganfall und die therapeutische Rolle der nicht-invasiven Hirnstimulation
Authors: Tscherpel Caroline , Grefkes Christian
Published: October 2020

Im Bereich der non-invasiven Hirnstimulation stellen die transkranielle Magnetstimulation (engl. transcranial magnetic stimulation, TMS) sowie die transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation (engl. transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS) bis heute die wichtigsten Techniken zur Modulation kortikaler Erregbarkeit dar. Beide Verfahren induzieren Nacheffekte, welche die Zeit der reinen Stimulation überdauern, und ebnen damit den Weg für ihren therapeutischen Einsatz beim Schlaganfall. In diesem Übersichtsartikel diskutieren wir die aktuelle Datenlage TMS- und tDCS-vermittelter Therapien für die häufigsten schlaganfallbedingten Defizite wie Hemiparese, Aphasie und Neglect. Darüber hinaus adressieren wir mögliche Einschränkungen der gegenwärtigen Ansätze und zeigen Ansatzpunkte auf, um Neuromodulation nach Schlaganfall effektiver zu gestalten und damit das Outcome der Patienten zu verbessern.
Simple Synthesis of Fused Thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridines through Successive SNAr Processes
Authors: Starosotnikov Alexey M. , Bastrakov Maxim A. , Kachala Vadim V. , Fedyanin Ivan V. , Klimova Tatyana A. , Ivanova Victoria V. , Dalinger Igor L.
Published: October 2020

A convenient process is described for the synthesis of novel thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridines fused with triazole or pyrimidine rings. The base-promoted reactions of 2-chloro-3-nitropyridines with 1,3-(S,N)-binucleophiles (triazole-5-thiols, 4-oxopyrimidine-2-thiones) resulted in nucleophilic substitution of the chlorine atom and subsequent S–N-type Smiles rearrangement followed by nucleophilic substitution of the nitro group. Reactions with pyrimidine-2-thiones were carried out as one-pot processes while, in the case of triazole-5-thiols, isolation of intermediate substitution products was found to be preferable.
Avaliação funcional e de sintomatologia dolorosa do pé e tornozelo em indivíduos com obesidade grave – Estudo controlado transversal
Authors: Martins Glaucus Cajaty , Fraga Pedro Henrique Gomes , Teixeira Lucas Braga , Valle Bruno Rodrigues Guterres , Martins Filho Luiz Felippe , Gama Maurício de Pinho
Published: October 2020

Objetivo Avaliar a prevalência de queixas álgicas no pé e tornozelo, parâmetros radiográficos e o desempenho funcional de indivíduos com obesidade grave, Índice de Massa Corpórea (IMC) com valor > 40 e indicação de cirurgia bariátrica.

Métodos Foram avaliados 40 pacientes com obesidade grave acompanhados em ambulatório de cirurgia bariátrica. Este grupo de obesos graves (IMC > 40) foi subdividido em dois subgrupos: obesos com IMC < 50 (n = 24); e outro de obesos com IMC > 50 (n = 16). Foi realizada comparação com grupo controle de 42 indivíduo voluntários com IMC médio de 24. Foram avaliados a presença de dor no pé pela escala visual (EVA), o desempenho funcional pela escala da Associação Americana de Cirurgia do Pé e Tornozelo (AOFAS, na sigla em inglês) (domínios antepé, mediopé e retropé), idade, gênero, ângulo (âng) metatarso-falangeano do hálux, âng intermetatarsal do hálux , âng talocalcaneano, “pitch” calcaneano e âng de Meary.

Resultados Foi observada maior incidência de dor no pé no grupo de obesos graves em relação ao controle (p < 0,0001, razão de chances [odds ratio, OR]: 4,2). O desempenho funcional pela escala AOFAS foi inferior no grupo de obesos em relação ao controle (p < 0,0001, retropé com OR = 4,81; mediopé com OR = 3,33).

Conclusão Houve maior incidência de dor no pé no grupo de obesos graves em relação ao controle. Houve pior desempenho funcional pela escala AOFAS nas regiões do antepé, mediopé e retropé no grupo de obesos graves.
Relação entre sintomatologia no joelho e as características biológicas em corredores recreacionais
Authors: Ribeiro Paula Passuello Alves , Berni Kelly Cristina dos Santos
Published: October 2020

Objetivo O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a percepção subjetiva de dor e sintomas de dor anterior no joelho com as diferentes classificações de índice de massa corporal (IMC). O objetivo secundário foi verificar a associação entre as variáveis biológica e antropométrica com os resultados apresentados pelos sujeitos nos questionários subjetivos.

Métodos Foram recrutados 126 corredores recreacionais de ambos os gêneros, com idades entre 20 e 59 anos. Foram coletados dados referentes à variável biológica idade, e as variáveis antropométricas peso e altura, além da escala visual analógica (EVA) e os questionários Lysholm e Kujala. As informações foram obtidas por meio de plataforma digital, disponibilizado em um único link, para que fossem respondidos através de dispositivos eletrônicos pelos próprios voluntários. A normalidade foi verificada por meio do teste Shapiro-Wilk. Foi utilizado o teste-T e o teste de Wilcoxon para comparação das médias. A associação entre as variáveis foi determinada pela correlação linear de Pearson.

Resultados Houve diferença significativa entre a estatura do grupo sobrepeso e o grupo obesidade grau 1 (p = 0,029), e o peso do grupo peso normal para os grupos sobrepeso e obesidade grau 1 (p < 0,001), e entre as médias do IMC (p < 0,05). Foi observada correlação significativa não clara entre o IMC e os questionários específicos e a escala subjetiva (p < 0.05).

Conclusão Os corredores recreacionais que possuem IMC acima dos valores de normalidade estão mais predispostos a apresentar dor no joelho do que aqueles com IMC normal.
Advantages and Limitations of Leap Motion from a Developers', Physical Therapists', and Patients' Perspective
Authors: Gamboa Edwin , Serrato Andres , Castro Juan , Toro Diana , Trujillo Maria
Published: October 2020

Background Physical rehabilitation exergames (PREGs) are suitable for motivating patients toward completing treatments. Leap Motion (LM) is a motion sensor that may be useful for developing PREGs targeted at hands and fingers rehabilitation. Therefore, knowing the advantages and limitations of LM is relevant to understand under which conditions this sensor may be suitable.

Objective In this article, we present a qualitative study to identify the main advantages and limitations of LM for PREGs.

Methods We collect data using interviews with a group of PREGs developers, physical therapy experts, and patients. We employ the thematic analysis method to analyze the collected data.

Results We found that the advantages and limitations of LM are related to (1) the role as PREG development tool that enables hand movements detection, (2) the capability to be a mobile and easy-to-use capturing technology, and (3) the contribution to add value in rehabilitation therapy by motivating physical therapists and patients to use PREGs.

Conclusion The analysis shows that LM is a suitable and cost-effective solution for developing usable PREGs for some hand and finger rehabilitation movements with a moderate development effort. However, the development maturity of LM poses limitations related to reliability and robustness, preventing the use of LM as a standalone physical rehabilitation tool. Our findings serve as guidelines for developers and physical therapists during the development and use of PREGs targeted at hands and fingers, guiding the decision-making process during feasibility analysis and design stages.
Preoperative MRI of Articular Cartilage in the Knee: A Practical Approach
Authors: Fritz Russell C. , Chaudhari Akshay S. , Boutin Robert D.
Published: October 2020

Articular cartilage of the knee can be evaluated with high accuracy by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in preoperative patients with knee pain, but image quality and reporting are variable. This article discusses the normal MRI appearance of articular cartilage as well as the common MRI abnormalities of knee cartilage that may be considered for operative treatment. This article focuses on a practical approach to preoperative MRI of knee articular cartilage using routine MRI techniques. Current and future directions of knee MRI related to articular cartilage are also discussed.
Resultado clínico do reparo parcial nas roturas irreparáveis do manguito rotador
Authors: Malavolta Eduardo Angeli , Martinez Luca , Gracitelli Mauro Emilio Conforto , Assunção Jorge Henrique , Andrade-Silva Fernando Brandão , Ferreira Neto Arnaldo Amado
Published: October 2020

Objetivo Avaliar o resultado funcional de pacientes submetidos ao reparo parcial por via artroscópica de roturas extensas do manguito rotador.

Métodos Série de casos retrospectiva, avaliando pacientes com roturas extensas do manguito rotador submetidos ao reparo parcial por via artroscópica. O desfecho primário foi a escala American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASES, na sigla em inglês) aos 24 meses. Foram desfechos secundários a escala Modified-University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Rating Scale (UCLA, na sigla em inglês), e seus subdomínios satisfação, flexão anterior ativa e força de flexão anterior ativa.

Resultados Avaliamos 33 pacientes. A escala da ASES evoluiu de 39,7 ± 19,6 para 77,6 ± 17,4 (p < 0,001). A escala da UCLA evoluiu de 13,3 ± 5,5 para 27,9 ± 5,6 (p < 0,001). A taxa de satisfação foi de 97%. O número de pacientes com flexão anterior ativa > 150° passou de 12 (36,4%) para 25 (75,8%) (p = 0,002). O número de pacientes com força de flexão anterior ativa normal ou boa passou de 9 (27,3%) para 22 (66,7%) (p = 0,015).

Conclusão O reparo parcial nas roturas irreparáveis do manguito rotador leva a melhora significativa de acordo com as escalas da ASES e UCLA.
The Outcome of Posterior-Stabilized, Rotating Platform Total Knee Arthroplasty at a Minimum Ten-Year Follow-Up, a Middle East Institution Experience
Authors: Khalifa Ahmed A. , Fayez Mostafa , Elkady Hesham , Abdelaal Ahmed M. , Elassal Maher A.
Published: October 2020

Posterior-stabilized, rotating platform knee prosthesis design was aimed to decrease polyethylene wear for the sake of improving implant survivorship. The purpose of the present prospective study was to evaluate the long-term clinical and radiographic results as well as the survival rate after using a rotating platform, posterior-stabilized knee prosthesis at a minimum of 10 years at a Middle East institution. We compared the results with reports in the literature on western populations. From January 2002 to June 2008, 96 patients (106 knees) underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using a cemented rotating platform posterior-stabilized knee prosthesis. At a mean of 11.5 ± 1.3 years, 85 patients (95 TKAs) were available for clinical, radiographic, and implant survival analysis. At the final follow-up, 78.9% of the patients had excellent Knee Society Scoring system score, the average knee flexion was 110 ± 17 degrees, the average anatomical knee coronal alignment was 186 ± 2 degrees and 187 ± 3 degrees for varus and valgus knees, respectively. Five (5.2%) knees were revised of these: two for bearing dislocation, two for aseptic loosening, and one for infection. The Kaplan-Meier survival rate was 94.7% for all revisions and 97.8% when only revision for aseptic loosening considered as the end point. At a long-term follow-up, reasonable clinical and radiographic outcomes had been achieved after using a rotating platform, posterior-stabilized knee prosthesis in our population with acceptable survival rate reaching up to 95%, which is comparable to reports from the western population.
Proximal Row Carpectomy Using Decellularized Dermal Allograft: Preliminary Results
Authors: Lee Steven J. , Rabinovich Remy V. , Kim Andrew
Published: October 2020

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term outcomes of patients undergoing proximal row carpectomy (PRC) with interposition arthroplasty using a decellularized dermal allograft.

Methods Patients with a minimum of 1-year follow-up after undergoing a PRC using decellularized dermal allograft were contacted for clinical evaluation, radiographs, and postoperative outcome questionnaires, including the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire as well as the modified Likert scale for patient satisfaction. Nine of ten (90%) consecutive patients who were treated using this surgical technique were available for follow-up.

Results At a mean follow-up of 18 months, a total of nine patients achieved a mean flexion-extension arc of 113 degrees, pronosupination of 170.5 degrees, grip strength of 68 Ibs and pinch strength of 17 Ibs. Relative to the contralateral side, these values were 95, 100, 84 and 82%, respectively. There was significant improvement in the mean DASH score from 63.5 preoperatively to 23.8 postoperatively. Patient satisfaction postoperatively achieved a mean modified Likert score of 1.5. There was no evidence of radiocarpal joint space degeneration or dislocation in any of the patients. No patient suffered wound-related issues, foreign-body reaction to the graft, or other complications.

Conclusion PRC with interposition arthroplasty using a decellularized dermal allograft in patients with degenerative changes at the lunate fossa or capitate demonstrates short-term outcomes comparable to what has been reported for routine PRC in patients without degenerative changes affecting the radiocapitate joint. This method of interposition arthroplasty expands the indications for PRC and may help avoid salvage, motion-sacrificing procedures in select patients with late-stage wrist arthritis.

Level of Evidence This is a level IV, therapeutic study.
Comparison of modular analytical wake models to the Lillgrund wind plant
Authors: Hamilton Nicholas , Bay Christopher J. , Fleming Paul , King Jennifer , Martínez-Tossas Luis A.
Published: October 2020

Efficient and accurate wake models are required for wind plant performance modeling and the suite of engineering processes that support wind plant layout, control, and monitoring. Although many analytical and engineering wake models with low computational costs have been proposed, their ability to represent the power production of large wind plants in a wide range of atmospheric conditions is not completely understood. The following validation study reviews the underlying theory for analytical wake models, outlines quality control procedures for observational data, and compares model results with observational data from the Lillgrund Wind Plant. Lillgrund makes a valuable case study for wake modeling because of its regular arrangement and the relatively close spacing of constituent wind turbines, which lead to regular and significant wake interactions within the wind plant and the development of deep array flow conditions. Formulations for the velocity deficit, wake-added turbulence, and wake superposition methods are considered in a modular sense, yielding many possible configurations to represent wind turbine wakes, of which seven are examined in detail. Velocity deficit models that account for flow conditions in the near wake are better able to reproduce power production for wind turbines in the transitional region of the wind plant, where wind turbines experience as many as five wakes from upstream turbines. In the deep array, where power production reaches asymptotic values and wake statistics become quasi-periodic, wake superposition schemes become the largest driver in error reduction; using the linear or maximum wake superposition methods can reduce the relative root mean square error by as much as 40% in the deep array.
The psychotherapeutic practice and potential of mental health nurses: an Australian survey
Authors: Lakeman Richard , Cashin Andrew , Hurley John , Ryan Tom
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveMental health nurses (MHNs) have a long, under-recognised, history of engaging in psychotherapeutic practice across the spectrum of mental illness and mental health problems. There is a need for a psychotherapeutic response for people with complex or serious mental health problems within the stepped care model and in response to increased need for psychotherapeutic responses to COVID-19 and natural disasters. This project sought to identify the educational preparation and self-reported competency of MHNs to clinically undertake psychotherapy across the continuum of care. MethodsSituated within a larger mixed-methods study exploring how MHNs practice psychotherapy, adapt it to routine care and envisage the future, this paper reports the findings from a survey of MHNs regarding their educational preparation, experience and competence in modalities of psychotherapy and the application of psychotherapy with specific clinical groups. ResultsIn all, 153 MHNs responded to a request to participate in the study. In this cohort, 86% of nurses had postgraduate qualifications specific to psychotherapy and 95% had worked for over 10 years in the mental health field and had hundreds of hours of training in psychotherapy. There was a high level of self-reported competence in working with people with serious mental health problems and at-risk or vulnerable groups. ConclusionsCurrently, MHNs are not recognised in federal funding arrangements to procure psychotherapeutic intervention for members of the Australian population who require it. MHNs ought to be recognised as independent providers based on both the psychotherapeutic skills they possess and their specialist clinical skills of working with people across the spectrum of mental health problems. Appropriately qualified MHNs need to be funded to use their skills in psychotherapy via access to appropriate funding arrangements, such as Better Access and the National Disability Insurance Scheme. What is known about the topic?MHNs do not appear to be recognised as having postgraduate knowledge and skills in psychotherapy and other psychotherapeutic interventions. This lack of recognition has resulted in the Australian public being unable to access subsidised specialist psychotherapeutic services by this highly experienced group. Most published commentary has been around the Mental Health Nurse Incentive Program, but, to date, scholarly work related to this program has not influenced public views and policy formation despite multiple favourable evaluations. What does this paper add?This study highlights that MHNs possess a largely unrecognised and valuable skill set in psychotherapy practice that they can adapt to work with people with complex needs. What are the implications to practitioners?MHNs possess skills and experience that, if recognised and funded, could be rapidly mobilised to improve consumer outcomes across the continuum of stepped care and in response to increased need during COVID-19.
The behaviour and social development of young southern hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons)
Authors: Gaughwin Matt , Swinbourne Michael
Published: October 2020

Little is known about the ethology and behavioural ecology of young wombats. Observations of young southern hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons) that were still with their mothers revealed that they have an extensive ethogram that includes autonomous and social play, and precocial aggressive and defensive behaviours. The behaviour of one wombat was observed for 5–7 nights at monthly intervals from when it was first seen above ground with its mother (at an estimated age of 7–9 months). In the first 3 months it played often, and it remained within 25m of the natal burrow. Thereafter, the frequency of play declined, and it followed its mother further from the natal burrow. Five months after it was first seen it became independent of its mother when she moved to another warren. Nearly all the young wombat’s social encounters and interactions were with the group of wombats that occupied two warrens that included the natal burrow. At the time of the study, in 1975, only two of the nine juvenile and subadult wombats that were present at the warrens when the study started were still there 15 months later, which suggests that many young wombats disperse.
Detecting near-surface Urochloa ruziziensis (Braquiaria grass) effects on soil physical quality through capacity and intensity indicators
Authors: Favilla Henrique Sasso , Tormena Cássio Antonio , Cherubin Maurício Roberto
Published: October 2020

In Brazil, no-tillage is the most widely used soil conservation system (on more than 32 million hectares). However, intensification of the mechanisation of agricultural operations with larger and heavier machines increases the pressure on the soil, which, together with the reduced diversity of crops, results in compaction and physical degradation of soils under no-tillage systems. In this context, strategies to reduce soil compaction have been employed and the use of Braquiaria grass (Urochloa ruziziensis) (hereafter urochloa) as a cover plant is one promising strategy. The objectives of this study were to quantify, using physical indicators of capacity and intensity processes, the effects of cultivating urochloa sown in the interrow between corn (Zea mays L.) on storage and transmission of air and water in the surface layer of the soil and to evaluate the sensitivity of these indicators at detecting such effects. The results indicated that urochloa cultivation in the interrow produced an increase in storage capacity of air and water, and transmission of air and water, compared with the treatment in which the interrow was without urochloa. Cultivation of urochloa also alleviated compaction through an 18% reduction in soil bulk density and an increase of up to 490% in pore system continuity, in addition to improving the relationship between water and air storage, creating an environment that facilitates access to water and air. These results suggest that the use of urochloa as an interrow cover plant in corn improves the physical functions of the topsoil, producing a physical environment more favourable to development of crops. The use of intensity process indicators of physical properties was ~10 times more sensitive at detecting the effects of urochloa than the properties indicating capacity processes.
Political and journalistic discourse regarding the Catalan
declaration of independence
Authors: Escoriza Morera Luis
Published: October 2020

As van Dijk argues, ideologies are social beliefs
which are usually transmitted through discourse, and therefore
journalistic and political texts are seen to be two trusted means of
communication which are ideal for that function. Within the
framework of the relation between language and ideology, my aim is
to carry out a critical discourse analysis of various texts of this
type. I shall begin by comparing the content of seven different
newspapers published on 28 October 2017, the day after the Catalan
Parliament’s unilateral declaration of independence (UDI). Four of
these are national in scope (ABC, El País, El Mundo, and La Razón)
and three are published in Catalonia (La Vanguardia, El Periódico de
Catalunya, and Ara). I then focus my attention on the information
expressed in two of these, namely ABC and La Vanguardia, with the
aim of examining the different ways the same information is treated
and the linguistic mechanisms used to downplay or enhance the same
facts for different ideological purposes. In a similar vein, I go on
to analyse the different discourse approaches adopted by the main
political parties when dealing with the concept of the State in
their respective manifestos for the 2019 general election.
Persuasive discourse in Daniel Defoe’s political essays
Authors: López Campillo Rosa María
Published: October 2020

The main concern of this paper is to gain an
insight into two of the most common rhetorical strategies used by
Daniel Defoe as a political journalist in the first decades of
eighteenth-century Britain: boosting and hedging. I draw attention
to these two different persuasive verbal devices employed by the
writer in a sample of Defoe’s political essays published in 1709
excerpted from The Review (1704–1713), one of the
leading journals during the reign of Anne Stuart, when political
propaganda relied heavily on pamphlets and periodicals. The results
obtained reveal that Defoe used language as a political weapon,
resorting to boosting, on the one hand, to make his stance clear,
add emphasis, confer certainty to his arguments, and convince the
readership of the evidence of his statements; and to hedging, on the
other, to soften potential conflicts produced by his assertions,
connect with the readers, and attain persuasion.
Business discourse from a psycholinguistic approach
Authors: Varo Varo Carmen
Published: October 2020

Business discourse has always captured the
attention of several social and cultural fields. Within the
framework of linguistics, disciplines such as pragmatics,
sociolinguistics, and linguistic anthropology have contributed to
the analysis of this communication process and the design of a
linguistic model, suited to its contextual, social, and cultural
determining factors. This chapter addresses the need for expanding
this model by the incorporation of the latest achievements in
psycholinguistics through a neurosemantic approach to language,
focusing on three points: (1) the mental organisation of linguistic
knowledge into networks; (2) the strong ties between linguistic
processes and other cognitive functions; and (3) the effectiveness
of the contrast principle which emerges from the lexical units and
transcends the textual level. The business language data used in
this study derive from texts related to and/or produced by three
Spanish companies. The analysis is intended to attain a more
comprehensive formulation of business discourse as a communicative
modality, and, in addition, determine the major cognitive strategies
found in its different textual manifestations.
Compensatory discourse strategies in the bilingual university
classroom
Authors: Griffith Mary
Published: October 2020

Contrastive Discourse Analysis operates in a
boundary area where linguistics and psychology overlap. Systematic
analysis of classroom and academic discourse can enhance approaches
to public discourse, including those dealing with the communicative
content rather than the form of texts. Such is the context of the
bilingual discourse in the university classroom. This study takes a
sequenced and multi-methodological approach to analyse, first, the errors in spoken performance in the bilingual classroom; second, the
impact of these errors on overall intelligibility. The sample is
taken from academic discourse and is comprised of 34 hours of spoken
interaction with eight different Spanish speakers teaching through
English. The findings show that compensatory discourse strategies,
including listener comprehension, impacted communication much more
than the errors detracted from it.
“The people want it”
Authors: Jansen Henrike
Published: October 2020

This article reflects on the reasonableness of populist arguments supporting a prescriptive standpoint in the context of
deliberation (which I call ‘deliberative’ populist arguments). A literature survey shows a divide between authors who claim that populist
arguments are always fallacious and those who think that in some situations they can be reasonable, including the context of political
deliberation. It is then argued that deliberative populist arguments are based on a linking premise that appeals to majority opinion as a
principle of democracy. This linking premise differs from the one underlying the traditional interpretation of a fallacious populist
argument (argumentum ad populum) and appears at first sight to make the argument reasonable. However, I conclude that a
deliberative populist argument is also unreasonable, because it acts merely as a trump card, creating a false impression about democracy and
avoiding engagement in real debate and substantive reasons.
Economic consequences for lawyers
Authors: Esposito Fabrizio , Tuzet Giovanni
Published: October 2020

This article moves from the premise that a bilateral relationship between law and economics requires the contribution of
the theory of legal argumentation. The article shows that, to be legally relevant, economic consequences have to be incorporated into
interpretive arguments. In this regard, the jurisprudential preface strategy proposed by Craswell goes in the right direction, but begs the
question of why the legally relevant consequences have to be assessed in terms of total welfare maximization instead of, in the EU context
at least, consumer welfare maximization. After having identified five points of divergence between total and consumer welfare approaches,
the article draws from legal inferentialism to propose an analytical tool – the explanatory scorekeeping model – for assessing the
explanatory power of these two approaches. The model is then applied to the reasoning in United Brands Company v.
Commission.
Negation and polar question–answer clauses in South African Sign Language
Authors: Huddlestone Kate
Published: October 2020

This paper contributes to the typological debate of whether sign languages should be divided into manual versus non-manual dominant languages, w.r.t. negation, a distinction that has recently been challenged (Johnston 2018) or argued to be too radical (Oomen & Pfau 2017), by providing a characterization of negation in South African Sign Language (SASL). It has also been observed in several sign languages that a construction which consists of a yes-no question followed by a negative fragment answer, both produced by the same speaker, can be used to negate a proposition. While this question-answer pair construction has received attention in the recent sign language literature, it is only mentioned in passing in the literature on negation. In this paper, I provide an analysis of these polar question-answer clauses as a grammaticalized negation strategy in SASL, followingCaponigro and Davidson’s (2011)analysis of this construction in ASL.
Probing quantum Fisher information of an open Dirac system with Hawking effect in the Schwarzschild black hole
Authors: Falaye Babatunde James , Liman Muhammad Sanusi
Published: October 2020

The unavoidable interaction of a real quantum system with the environment leads to the degradation of quantum coherence. Consequently, this paper investigates how such interaction can influence the quantum Fisher information (QFI) with the Hawking effect in the Schwarzschild black hole. We have considered two models of quantum decoherence: amplitude damping and phase damping channels; both can be experimentally induced. We found that Quantum information

F
ϕ

is more robust to phase flip channel than to the amplitude damping channel. It is observed that under the influence of phase damping channel, Quantum information

F
θ

does not depend on Hawking temperature making the parameter estimation immune to the Hawking effect but susceptible to decoherence. We found that QFI dwindles with increasing Hawking temperature and becomes more attenuated with decoherence which implies that the parameter estimation can be achieved with higher precision when the black hole is not evaporating.
Preface: Frontiers in Astrophysics (II) — A special issue dedicated to the 20th anniversary of RAA (2001–2020)
Authors: Wang Jingxiu , Ip Wing-Huen
Published: October 2020

On the arrival of the 20th anniversary of the journal, Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA), we see rapid progress in the frontiers of astronomy and astrophysics. To celebrate the birth and growth of RAA, a special issue consisting of 11 invited reviews from more than 30 authors, mainly from China, has been organized. This is the second volume of the special issues entitled Frontiers in Astrophysics published in RAA. The publication aims at evaluating the current status and key progress in some frontier areas of astronomy and astrophysics with a spirit of guiding future studies.
Binary Population Synthesis
Authors: Han Zhan-Wen , Ge Hong-Wei , Chen Xue-Fei , Chen Hai-Liang
Published: October 2020

Binary interactions lead to the formation of intriguing objects, such as compact binaries, supernovae, gamma ray bursts, X-ray binaries, pulsars, novae, cataclysmic variables, hot subdwarf stars, barium stars and blue stragglers. To study the evolution of binary populations and the consequent formation of these objects, many methods have been developed over the years, for which a robust approach named binary population synthesis (BPS) warrants special attention. This approach has seen widespread application in many areas of astrophysics, including but not limited to analyses of the stellar content of galaxies, research on galactic chemical evolution and studies concerning star formation and cosmic re-ionization. In this review, we discuss the role of BPS, its general picture and the various components that comprise it. We pay special attention to the stability criteria for mass transfer in binaries, as this stability largely determines the fate of binary systems. We conclude with our perspectives regarding the future of this field.
Some interesting topics provoked by the solar filament research in the past decade
Authors: Chen Peng-Fei , Xu Ao-Ao , Ding Ming-De
Published: October 2020

Solar filaments are an intriguing phenomenon, like cool clouds suspended in the hot corona. Similar structures exist in the intergalactic medium as well. Despite being a long-studied topic, solar filaments have continually attracted intensive attention because of their link to coronal heating, coronal seismology, solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In this review paper, by combing through the solar filament-related work done in the past decade, we discuss several controversial topics, such as the fine structures, dynamics, magnetic configurations and helicity of filaments. With high-resolution and high-sensitivity observations, combined with numerical simulations, it is expected that resolving these disputes will definitely lead to a huge leap in understanding the physics related to solar filaments, and even shed light on galactic filaments.
Trends and drivers of African fossil fuel CO2 emissions 1990–2017
Authors: Ayompe Lacour M , Davis Steven J , Egoh Benis N
Published: October 2020

International efforts to avoid dangerous climate change aim for global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to be net-zero by midcentury. Such a goal will require both drastically reducing emissions from high-income countries and avoiding large increases in emissions from still-developing countries. Yet most analyses focus on rich-country emissions reductions, with much less attention to trends in low-income countries. Here, we use a Kaya framework to analyze patterns and trends in CO2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels in Africa between 1990 and 2017. In total, African CO2 emissions were just 4% of global fossil fuel emissions in 2017, or 1185 MtCO2, having grown by 4.6% yr−1 on average over the period 1990–2017 (cf the global growth rate of 2.2% yr−1 over the same period). In 2017, 10 countries accounted for about 87% of the continent’s emissions. Despite modest recent reductions in some countries’ CO2 emissions, projections of rapid growth of population and per capita GDP will drive future increases in emissions. Indeed, if the continent-wide average growth rate of 2010–2017 persists, by 2030 Africa’s emissions will have risen by ∼30% (to 1545 MtCO2). Moreover, if increases in carbon intensity also continue, Africa’s emissions would be substantially higher. In either case, such growth is at odds with international climate goals. Achieving such goals will require that the energy for African countries’ development instead come from non-emitting sources.
Harmonic Linearization Method for Computing the Motions of a Specific Type of Three-Joint Arms
Authors: Alekseyeva S V , Sokolova V A , Markov V A , Alekseyeva E A , Ilyushenko D A
Published: October 2020

The paper presents a three-joint arm that has two translational fifth-class kinematic pairs and a rotational one. The first two kinematic pairs are axially orthogonal, while the second and the third one are axially parallel. Such robots find use in machinery handling for arc welding. Systems of three nonlinear second-order differential equations were obtained to describe the motions of this arm. As it was necessary to assess the moment of load emerging on the control-drive shaft, the external generalized forces were reduced to a corresponding generalized coordinate. Harmonic linearization of nonlinearities was applied to analyze the arm system. This method can be used to fine the core properties of the system (frequency, amplitude, and phase of the oscillations; dependence of the form of nonlinearities or on the parameters of the linear part; etc.) without studying the transient.Ratios were obtained to find the parameters of natural oscillational motion occurring in such arms. These rations can be used to design and set up such an arm. The finding is that where the system of equations describing the motion of such an arm (including the drive motion equations) contains no prominent nonlinearities, these rations are a system of two algebraic frequency equations: a sixth-degree one and a fifth-degree one.
Multicriteria optimization of the dynamics of integrated logistics of the forest industry
Authors: Bazarov S M , Belenky Y I , Aleksandrov V A , Sokolova V A , Soloviev A N
Published: October 2020

Under complex dynamic market conditions, the sustainable development of a coherent integrated spatio-temporal structure of production-transport-consumption is determined by many objective functions, the optimization of which necessitates solving the problem of making a multi-criteria compromise. This problem is solved using a set of the main criteria for technical and economic efficiency: a minimum of cost, a minimum of functional time and space, and a minimum of energy costs. The formulated criteria allow, from a multifaceted perspective, to best structure the material, energy and financial flows in the integrated logistics of the timber industry complex. The article explores the three-step structure of the movement of logistics flows from the forest to the consumer. Mathematical programming determines a discrete set of optimization criteria, on the basis of which a Pareto compromise set is built. On this set, the decision maker formulates a compromise.
Comparative analysis of variability of morphological characteristics of European and Japanese larches with their hybrids
Authors: Bryntsev V A , Lavrenov M A , Vasiliev S B , Savchenkova V A , Nikitin V F
Published: October 2020

Hybridizing European larch with Japanese larch A S Yablokov and M I Dokuchaeva pointed to their better silvicultural and decorative characteristics compared to their parent species. Moreover, E G Bobrov described Larix marschlinsii hybrid as a faster-growing species, he also recommended this hybrid larch for afforestation in many countries. In this study, the vegetative and generative organs of European and Japanese larch hybrids are compared with their parent species. Such characteristics as the cones length, the cones width, the number of scales in the cones and the needles length were considered. A comparative analysis of larch trees DNA was also carried out. As a result of the study, we found that by morphological characteristics, the hybrids occupied an intermediate position between the parent species, except for the length of the needles. The spectra samples electrophoregram of larch total DNA indicated some similarity between hybrids and parent species, meanwhile, hybrids have their own distinctive features.
The effect of meteorological factors on wood macrostructure in mixed pine stands (Pinus sylvestris L.) on different soils
Authors: Chudakov A V , Danilov D A , Zaytsev D A , Belyaeva N V
Published: October 2020

The present work analyzes the relationship between meteorological factors and soil conditions and the annual radial increment of naturally formed pine stands of the boreal zone. It has been noted that on dual sandy loam and drained illuvial sandy loam soils, the annual increment of pine trees has greater response to the sum of temperatures than on loamy soils. Under different soil and hydrological conditions, when the pine share in the composition changes, the structural elements of xylem demonstrate an increasing dependence of annual increment on the share of the species in the composition of the plantation. This dependence is stronger for early wood than for late wood. At coarser soils and decreasing pine share in the stand composition, the growth of pine’s macrostructural xylem elements becomes less influenced by meteorological factors.
Conservation status of conifers in Nam Dong Conservation Area (Thanh Hoa Province, northern Vietnam)
Authors: Huu Nguyen Cuong , Averyanov L , Egorov A , The Bui Doi
Published: October 2020

During the field works 2017 –2019, we collected herbarium specimens of conifers in limestone area of Nam Dong Conservation Area, Thanh Hoa Province, northern Vietnam. They belong to six genera and five families (Cephalotaxaceae, Gnetaceae, Pinaceae, Podocarpaceae, and Taxaceae). Studied species are identified by IUCN Red List as EN (one species), VU (two species), LC (three species), and NT (two species). Three species found in the area are listed in Vietnam Red Data Book (Part II. Plants) and Vietnam Red List as VU. In addition, three species are listed by the Decree 32/ND-CP as IIA (two species) and IA (one species). The paper provides data on distribution of all coniferous species in studied area. The result of the study provides new original information for biodiversity management especially for threatened conifers in Nam Dong Conservation Area.
Forest Vegetation Cover in Tram Chim National Park in Southern Vietnam
Authors: Hung Dang Viet , Potokin A F , Lan Anh Dang Thi , Ha Nguyen Thi , Duoc Em Nguyen Thi
Published: October 2020

Tram Chim National Park is located in the Mekong Delta of southern Vietnam. The obtained results from the study undertaken on the composition of plant species and forest vegetation in TCNP indicated a record of 133 vascular plants species, that belongs to 54 families. Useful plants of 133 species listed consists of 38 species of medicinal plants, 31 species of edible plants, 15 species of timber plants, 10 species of ornamental plants, 9 species of industrial plants, 6 species of fiber plants and 9 species of unknown use plants, respectively. During the duration of investigation, Elaeocarpus hygrophilus Kurz, Eleocharis ochrostachys Steud. and Oryza rufipogon Griff. were endangered, threatened species in the forest vegetation of Tram Chim wetlands. A variety of vegetations in the area under study is described. In this study, two major vegetation types of wetland ecosystems were identified in National Park.
The effect of living ground cover on the development of the young generation of tree species on post-agrogenic lands of the boreal zone
Authors: Danilov D A , Shestakova T A , Shestakova V I , Anders O O , Ivanov A A
Published: October 2020

This study analyzes the influence of living vegetation on the renewal of tree species on post-agrogenic lands. To assess the influence of factors on the development of living ground cover and the renewal of wood vegetation, Ramensky amplitude ecological scales were applied. More than half of the plants in the studied plots are mesophytes and their share in the total projective cover is more than 75%. The emergence of undergrowth of tree species is most influenced by grass. The study shows that the ecological ranges reflect the confinement of the species to certain amplitudes of environmental conditions. A rapid or slow reduction in the abundance of cenopopulation of one or another species is associated with an increase or decrease in the impact of a particular environmental factor. With an increase in the total projective cover of living ground cover, the number of undergrowth is significantly reduced, and vice versa, the formed undergrowth limits the development of the cover vegetation due to advantages in the competition for light, moisture, and nutrients.