bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: A PAKISTAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Karachi University Business School, University of Karachi.
Published: April 2021

Purpose - The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the issue of suitability, acceptability and degree of implementation of Quality Management (QM) practices in the construction industry of Pakistan. Currently, the status of adoption of QM principles particularly in this industry and more specifically in the prevailing culture and context of Pakistani environment is overwhelmingly poor which led the researcher to go for this study. Methodology/sampling - The study entails questionnaire development and the analysis of its responses from seventeen leading construction organizations operating in Pakistan during year 2012. The study also incorporates data from various secondary sources. The analysis was carried out using basic statistical tools such as mean, median and standard deviation and bar chart was employed to represent the data. Findings - The findings revealed that the concept and meaning of quality is not understood and interpreted in its true sense. The conformance to standard specifications (SOPs) is considered to be equivalent to implementation of Quality Management which is far from truth. It was also determined that general lack of awareness and untrained employees that are mostly uneducated labor is one of the major causes towards this dismal. Practical Implications - It is hoped that the outcomes of this study may provide a guideline to the owners of the construction industry and help them understand the notion of Quality Management in its real term. It will also assist the monitoring and regulating agencies to devise policies accordingly catering to the need of the modern era that will help Pakistani construction industry to compete locally and globally.
IMPACT OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT ON EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION IN PRIVATE BANKING SECTOR KARACHI
Authors:   Bahria University, Karachi., Shujaat Sobia
Published: April 2021

Purpose - This study aims to determine the relationship between career development opportunities available to the employees and their job satisfaction. The study is focusing on private banks in Karachi. Methodology/Sample - For this paper, survey was conducted by using structured questionnaire that were administered through e-mail and by distributing to five hundred respondents from five private Banks situated in Karachi. Hypothesis testing has been done by use of „Chi-Square test‟. Sample size for the study is 395 and the sampling procedure used id convenience based. Findings - The study determined that there is positive relationship between career development and employee job satisfaction in banking sector. Employees are satisfied with career development activities that are offered at their organizations. Corporate world has become more competitive hence employees have become more conscious to career development. Practical Implications - The findings of the research is beneficial for management of banking sector to design career development programs in such a way that increase the job satisfaction and promote work environment among employees in Pakistan. Research Limitations - Data confidentiality policy of organizations, time constraint and unavailability of concerned personnel at the time of interviews were limitations in some cases while gathering data.
Tratamiento Multimodal del Cáncer de Recto, Visión del Oncólogo
Authors: Iseas Soledad
Published: April 2021

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Sino-America Trade Agreement: Legal Affairs and Translation
Authors: Chen Guanghua
Published: April 2021

The Trade Agreement between China and the U.S., as any agreement does, imposes obligations or grant rights to the parties. As it is known by the public, the Chinese agreement versions are generated from translation of the English version instead of being independently negotiated, yet both versions are equally effective. The differences between the two legal systems, between the two languages, and even between the mentalities of the two peoples all play an important part in the execution of the agreement. Every word, complex or simple, is closely associated with obligations and rights, and negligence in translation is not acceptable. The present study aims to make some suggestions for the improvement of the Chinese version and call attention to the issues likely to be hidden at the back. Research in related areas is relatively scarce. This study, expounding from translation and legal perspectives, might contribute to clarifying the obligations and rights of the two contractual parties and the academic circle. And it tentatively proposes the new term of paradigm equivalence.
Teaching Strategies for Enhancing Student’s Learning
Authors: Abulhul Zeinab
Published: April 2021

There are various teaching methods and learning styles. These methods mostly focus on students' learning capacities for better understanding and engagement. Educational principles and pedagogy focus on the type of students' learning, the type of teaching tool, and the classroom environment. These three aspects can help students and instructors facilitate the learning process and make it easily absorbable. This paper aims to shed light on various teaching strategies and class activities that instructors could use in their teaching methods to enhance student’s learning.  The author shows five strategies that are effective for teaching college students. These strategies can help students meet their educational needs and stimulate their brains to expand their knowledge and learning. These methods are as follows: presenting short lectures to refresh students' attention to the class lesson and help their brains come up with ideas about the topic based on their daily experience, brainstorming that is a class group activity  helping students work together and learn how to value each other opinions, group reports that encourage students to be familiar with strategies of writing a report as a conclusion for the group meeting, technology-based activities that develops students' educational skills in broadening their self-learning, and PowerPoint presentation that helps students review what they have learned in the class.
OUTLINING PARTICIPATION IN THE FIRST MOOC OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE AEGEAN: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Giasiranis Stefanos , Sofos Alivizos
Published: April 2021

Twelve years after the advent of MOOCs, the University of the Aegean (Greece) implemented its first MOOC on “Violence and bullying in schools”, in which about 2,000 people showed interest in attending. Eventually, 1309 people started it and 1050 (80.21%) completed it successfully, achieving high performance. The present work, which is part of the doctoral research of the first researcher, outlines the participation of the learners in the program and the obstacles they encountered during it while identifying the reasons for its high completion rate with high performance. The results showed that mainly the quality of the instructional material, the instructional design of the program, and its organization, as well as the timely support provided to learners, contributed significantly to the successful completion of the program achieving high performance. These findings can be considered by future MOOC program designers, in order to design and implement programs that meet the requirements and facilitate the participation of those who attend.

Δώδεκα χρόνια μετά την εμφάνιση των MOOCs, το Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου υλοποίησε το πρώτο του MOOC με θέμα την Ενδοσχολική βία και τον εκφοβισμό, στο οποίο εκδήλωσαν ενδιαφέρον για να το παρακολουθήσουν περίπου 2000 άτομα. Τελικά, το ξεκίνησαν 1309 άτομα και το ολοκλήρωσαν επιτυχώς 1050 (80,21%), πετυχαίνοντας υψηλές επιδόσεις. Η παρούσα εργασία, που αποτελεί τμήμα της διδακτορικής έρευνας του πρώτου ερευνητή, σκιαγραφεί τη συμμετοχή των εκπαιδευομένων στο πρόγραμμα και τα εμπόδια που αντιμετώπισαν κατά τη διάρκειά του, ενώ εντοπίζει τους λόγους του υψηλού ποσοστού ολοκλήρωσης του με υψηλές επιδόσεις. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι κυρίως η ποιότητα του εκπαιδευτικού υλικού, ο εκπαιδευτικός σχεδιασμός του προγράμματος και η οργάνωσή του, καθώς και η έγκαιρη υποστήριξη που παρεχόταν στους εκπαιδευόμενους, συνέβαλαν σημαντικά στην επίτευξη των συγκεκριμένων αποτελεσμάτων. Τα ευρήματα αυτά, μπορούν να ληφθούν υπόψη από τους σχεδιαστές μελλοντικών προγραμμάτων MOOCs, ώστε να σχεδιάζουν και να υλοποιούν προγράμματα που θα ικανοποιούν τις απαιτήσεις και θα διευκολύνουν τη συμμετοχή, όσων τα παρακολουθούν.

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THE RATIONALITY OF FAITH: The Study of Abraham's Faith in Hebrews 11: 17-19
Authors: Walick Alexander Eduard Thodorus de , Hestiningrum Peni
Published: April 2021

In Christian and church life, Faith and Rationality are often opposed to one another. Some Christians reject the aspect of rationality in doing theology, and vice versa. In the Bible presenting Abraham as an example of faith learning through his experiences when he was tempted to offer up Isaac to his only son, he was without a doubt prepared to carry out the commandments he received with a thoughtful attitude; that God is able to raise (Isaac) people even from the dead (Hebrews 11: 17-19). The research method used is exegetical study with background and grammatical contexts. The aim of this research is to find the meaning of Abraham's faith in Hebrews 11: 17-19. The result of this research is that the quality of faith is tested and that faith thinks rationally and continuously based on God's word.
THE SINGLE AND PLURAL PHRASES IN MATTHEW 4:16 AND THEIR MEANINGS
Authors: Putra Adi
Published: April 2021

Matthew 4:16 finds both singular and plural phrases. This phrase is very interesting to study because the context of this verse is in Galilee, a place where Jesus spent most of his time serving. Through qualitative research with an exegetical study approach, the researcher found that the results and conclusions were that the purpose of singular and plural phrases in these verses was: a singular phrase for Jews and a plural phrase for other nations. Thus, it can provide the theological understanding that Jesus' mission in Galilee was not only for the Jews who were there, but also for other nations who had long settled there even before the time of Jesus.
A FOUNDATION FOR A CULTURE OF JUSTPEACE: Church as a Hermeneutic Community to Promote Peace Narratives
Authors: Tamawiwy August Cornelis
Published: April 2021

This article argues that a culture of justpeace could be reached if the church as a hermeneutic community interprets all narratives in the light of promoting justpeace. Promoting good narratives will shape us to be peacemakers. By using the concept of Appreciative Inquiry (AI) as a method, this article aims to invite people to engage conflict in a constructive way. This article aims discovers the role of justice, truth, and ecumenical-interreligious dialogue which play in the vision of a culture of justpeace. It also shows how the use of imagination is important in dreaming of a culture of justpeace. It invites us to see how narratives drive our imagination and design our character to make peace or violence.
Resiliency for Independent Living of Veterans with Disabilities
Authors: Abeywickrama Lakshini Ruchiranga , Niroshani H. M. S.
Published: April 2021

This paper reports on a thematic analysis focusing on the perspective of veterans regarding social pressure experienced after the disability. The veterans returned from the battlefield, disabled, resented, and traumatized. They were eventually required to adopt with unanticipated lifestyle changes. This had life-long effects on the veterans along with the struggle of coping with societal demands. In this milieu, this study aims to identify the external constraints experienced by veterans with disabilities to lead independent lives. In addition, the focus on the existing resilience among veterans also is specified in the study. To garner information, ten in-depth interviews are conducted with selected male veterans in a rehabilitation center in Sri Lanka. The study identified unhealthy relationship patterns developed between veterans and their intimate family members as one of the constraints for veterans to lead an independent life. Changes in roles and responsibilities within the family, lack of attention from the partner, infidelity, lack of emotional attachment with children are identified as type of disruptive relationship patterns experienced by veterans after their disability. Lack of social acceptance on the other hand lessen the scope of veterans with disabilities to carry out independent lives. Labelling, exclusion from community activities, unrealistic demands to perform life tasks as exactly as before are recognized as data related to decreased social acceptance. Lifestyle changes in terms of having to adopt to a daily schedule, limited access to realize personal preferences are perceived as challenges to lead independent lives. Lack of self-esteem among veterans with disabilities has diminished their potential to bounce back from the adversity. The need of augmenting resilience skills of veterans with disabilities is therefore recommended in this study.
Social Exclusion of People with Disability in Bangladesh: Dimensions and Challenges
Authors: Hussain Muahammed Muazzam Muazzam
Published: April 2021

This paper is an outcome of reviewing different dimensions of social exclusion and challenges faced by people with disabilities (PWD) in Bangladesh and suggest some policy guidelines to promote inclusion of PWD into the development process. This paper is based on secondary sources of data and therefore, government, non-government organization’s study report, policy documents, journal articles, statistical report, research findings etc. were consulted to collect data and construct the paper. The paper describes the social exclusion of Bangladeshi PWD in the six broad areas e.g. income and assets, employment, education, health and social security, social relationship and recreation. Therefore, some key areas of policy implications are outlined for inclusion of PWD in Bangladesh which include the prospective way to address poverty, adopt active labor market policy, promoting social services and encouraging community based rehabilitation, providing counseling and other support services and utilizing the vision of user involvement etc.
The self-report version and digital format of the COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale (C19-YRS) for Long Covid or Post-COVID syndrome assessment and monitoring
Authors:   University of Leeds, Sivan Manoj , Halpin Stephen ,   Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Gees Jeremy ,   Airedale NHS Foundation Trust, Makower Sophie ,   University of Leeds, Parkin Amy ,   University of Leeds, Ross Denise ,   Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Horton Mike ,   University of Leeds, O'Connor Rory ,   University of Leeds
Published: April 2021

The C19-YRS was the first scale reported in the literature for patient assessment and monitoring in Long Covid or Post-COVID syndrome. The scale has demonstrated content validity in a previous COVID-19 follow-up study. The growing number of patients with Post-COVID syndrome required the development of a self-report version (and a digital format) so that the scale can be completed by patients themselves. Individuals with Long Covid and clinicians providing care were involved in iterative changes to the scale. The self-report version of the scale captures symptom severity, functional disability and global health status. The C19-YRS digital format comprises a smartphone application for the patient and a web portal for the clinician to assess, triage and monitor patients remotely. The items have been shown to span all the components of the WHO ICF Framework for health condition.
Utilisation of outcome measures by therapy teams in an NHS Trust
Authors: McCracken Alison , O'Donoghue Annette , Peel Rosemary
Published: April 2021

Background: Outcome measures need to be used by allied health professionals (AHPs) to measure clinical effectiveness, as well as communicate with patients and commissioners.

Methods: A survey of current use of outcome measures was conducted across acute and community therapies departments (dietetics, occupational therapy, physiotherapy and speech & language therapy services) within University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust (UHMBT).

Results: There was a 17% response rate with 51 respondents completing the survey. 25% of respondents used outcome measures with every patient, 24% at least once per day, 22% at least once per week, and 29% rarely or never. Most therapists felt confident that they are able to score outcome measures accurately (mode rating for confidence: 8/10). However, 1 in 5 therapists reported low (≤5/10) confidence in using outcome measures. There was wide variation in the outcome measures used by respondents. The most commonly used outcome measures were the Berg Balance Scale (n=13) and the Therapies Outcome Measure (TOMS) – Multifactorial Conditions (n= 9). However there were 35 outcome measure tools cited as being used by only 1 respondent each. Themes from comments included: ‘considering change’ and barriers to outcome measure use as ‘COVID-19 impact’, ‘staffing pressures’ or ‘brief-intervention services’.

Conclusion: Whilst a wide variety of outcome measures are used by therapy staff at UHMBT, they are not used with sufficient frequency to allow routine monitoring of clinical effectiveness. Being able to measure the impact of different models of service delivery would be particularly beneficial where service changes are implemented rapidly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Next steps could draw on evidence from previous studies by identifying suitable outcome measures (including those suitable for use in remote consultations), and developing a training programme to encourage the routine use of outcome measures in practice.
Coconut Dust Gypsums Board Building Material for Shielding Radiation and Buildup Factors
Authors: SRIWONGSA Kittisak , RAVANGVONG Sunantasak , SANGTHON Kanokwan , KORNPONGGUN Boonyanuch , GLUMGLOMCHIT Punsak
Published: April 2021

The coconut dust gypsums were fabricated and investigated through shielding radiation properties, energy absorption buildup factor (EABF), and exposure buildup factor (EBF). The mass attenuation coefficient (mm) was investigated by using the Compton scattering technique at energy 662 keV and theoretical values of the mass attenuation coefficients were computed by using the WinXCom software program at different photon energies from 1 keV - 100 GeV. EABF and EBF values were computed by the Geometric Progression (G-P) fitting method at photon energies ranging between 0.015 and 15 MeV up to deep penetration of 40 mean free path (mfp). After the addition of coconut dust volume into gypsum board, it was found that mm values of the experiment and theory were generally in a good agreement. The results also indicated that the mm increased while the EABF and EBF decreased along with the increase in the coconut dust volume. The EABF and EBF values with photon energy and deep penetration for coconut dust gypsums were found at a minimum value, i.e., at low and high energy range whereas, at the intermediate energy range, it could become high. These results suggest that coconut dust gypsums can be used as shielding radiation building material.
Жануарлар төлдері атауларымен берілетін қаратпалардың аударылуы
Authors: Қуаныш Советұлы Ерғалиев
Published: April 2021

"Қазақ тіл білімінде қаратпа сөздер ХХ ғасырдың екінші жартысында ғалымдардың зерттеу нысанына ілігіп, грамматикалық (морфологиялық, синтаксистік) бағытта түбегейлі қарастырылған тілдік бірлік болып табылады. Алайда оның ұлттық ерекшелігі ескеріле отыра, аударылу жайының зерделенуі кенжелеп қалып отыр. Осы тұрғыдан келгенде жұмыстың өзектілігі көрінеді және кезек күттірмес мәселе қатарына жататыны айқындалады. Мақалада зерттеу нысаны ретінде Ғ. Мүсіреповтің «Оянған өлке» романында ұшырасатын қаратпа сөздер, ал зерттеу пәні болып жануарлар төлдері атауларымен берілетін қаратпалардың аударылуы алынды. Мақсаты – шығармадағы жануарлар төлдері атауларымен берілетін қаратпа сөздерді жинақтап, олардың аударылу жолдары мен лингвомәдени ерекшеліктерін анықтау. Жұмысты жазу кезінде салыстыру және салғастыру әдістері, сипаттау әдісі, баяндау әдісі, лингвомәдени талдау әдісі мен тілдік деректердің сандық сұрыптау әдісі қолданылды. Олар төмендегідей тұжырым шығаруға ұйытқы болды: аударма тілтанушылар тарапынан зерттелген, анықтамасы айқындалған, теориялық негізі қаланған мәселелер қатарына жатады; қаламгер туындысында кездесетін тілдік деректер Л. К. Латышев белгілеген аударма түрлерімен саралауға болады; мәтіндегі жануарлар төлдерімен берілетін қаратпа сөздер Л. К. Латышев көрсетуіндегі аударманың калькалау, транслитерация, жуықталған (теңестірілген) аударма жолдарымен жүзеге асқан. Туындыда сипаттамалы (түсіндірмелі) аударма тәсілі пайдаланылмаған. "
Grammar teaching of EFL learners in context and through discourse approach
Authors: Saltanat Akimovna Meiramova
Published: April 2021

"In this article, the author analyses the teaching of grammar to students as a foreign language in the context and with a discursive approach. The author argues that this approach is a very important and necessary part of the process of understanding and perception, since the contextual meaning of a sentence tends to include much more than the literal meaning of the sentence. Therefore, a comprehensive study of this issue will help teachers improve grammar teaching methods in context and through a discursive approach. Moreover, scientists tend to side with the language socialization hypothesis and hold that grammar in a first or second language is acquired through the learner’s repeated and meaningful experience with contextualized discourse, in which grammar is a structural resource that may or may not get explicitly analyzed by the learner as she or he observes and/or engages in meaningful interaction. In this regard, the author has made thorough research on teaching grammar as a foreign language and aims to address practical teaching issues and to help teachers find the possible ways to benefit students. "
Бернияз шығармашылығындағы символизм элеметтері
Authors: Эльмира Сейфитденқызы Құрманғожаева  , Сейфитден Назымбекұлы Сүтжанов  , Ботагөз Шайкенқызы Құралқанова
Published: April 2021

"Мақалада Бернияз Күлеев лирикасындағы символдың табиғаты сараланып, қолданыс аясы, көркемдік ерекшелігі талданған. Б. Күлеев – символист ақын. Б. Күлеев шығармашылығы ұзақ жылдар бойы дәуірдің тынысына, заманның қытымыр қабағына байланысты күрделі, қайшылықты тұрғыда бағаланып келді. Ақын өлеңдерінің сипатына қарап отырып, оның көңіл-күйді көп жырлауы ақынның өзінің басын ғана күйттеген, өзімшіл, дарашыл пиғылдан тумағандығына көз жеткіземіз. Қазақ символизмінің ірі өкілі Мағжан болса, соның қатарында Бернияздың да есімі аталады. Жалпы, символизм әдеби ағым ретінде алғаш Еуропада XIX ғасырдың аяғында, ал Ресейде XX ғасырдың басында пайда болып, қалыптаса бастады. Сондай-ақ, қазақ әдебиетіндегі символизмді қарастыру бүгінгі күннің өзекті мәселелерінің бірі болғандықтан, символдың образдылық сипатын аталмыш ақын поэзиясы арқылы көрсету біршама айқындалған. Бұл – еңбектің көлемді болмаса да, өзектілігін айқындары анық. Мерзімді басылымдар мен әртүрлі ғылыми-теориялық әдебиеттерде осы мәселе қозғалып, белгілі бір деңгейде зертелгенімен, әлі де оның көрінісін зерттеудің маңызы зор. Мақалада аталмыш ақынның өлеңдеріндегі символдың көркемдік ерекшеліктерін әдеби негізде зерттеуді тиімді деп тауып, барынша көкейкесті мәселе ретінде қарастыру көзделінген. "
Эмоция тілдік қарым-қатынаста гендерлік фактор ретінде
Authors: Гулнара Ахметовна Куребаева  , Маржан Оразгалиевна  Искакова  , Гульжаухар Ахметовна  Куребаева
Published: April 2021

"Берілген мақалада эмоцияны білдіруде тілдік құралдарды қолданудағы гендерлік ерекшелік қарастырылды. Қазіргі уақытта зерттеушілер эмоцияны зерттеу мәселесіне ерекше ден қоя бастады. Адам эмоциясы және оның лингвистикалық құралдар арқылы берілу механизмі үнемі ғылыми зерттеулер нысаны болып келеді. Бірнеше ғылымдар қатары осы мәселемен жүйелі түрде айналысады: психология, физиология, әлеуметтану, философия, этика, медицина, лингвистика. Лингвистикада эмоция алуантүрлі тілдер материалдары негізінде көптеген зерттеулер пәніне айналды. Отандық және шетел ғалымдарының бірқатар еңбектерінде эмоцияның фонетикалық, лексикалық, сөзжасамдық, фразеологиялық, сондай-ақ грамматикалық құралдар көмегімен берілетіндігі айтылады. Эмотивтік мән және экспрессивтілік категориясының мазмұны сипатталды. Экспрессивтілік тілдік қарым-қатынасқа түсушілердің эмоциясын жеткізуге қызмет ете отырып, прагматикалық әлеуетке ие болады. Ғалымдардың анықтамасына сүйенсек, экспрессивтілікті айтушының өзі баяндап, әңгімелеп тұрған жайға өзінің жеке басының көзқарасын, пікірін білдіретін семантикалық-стилистикалық белгілердің, амалтәсілдердің жиынтығы ретінде қарастырамыз. Ғалымдар, экспрессивтіліктің эмоцияға байлаулы емес екендігін, эмоцияға қатысы жоқ құбылыстарға байланысты да қолданыла беретіндігін айтады, оның себебі адам айналасындағы заттар мен құбылыстарды қабылдағанда оның санасында оларға қатысты баға тууы мүмкін екендігі айқын. Бұл категорияның жалпы мазмұны сөйлеушіге әсер ету мақсатындағы сөйлеушінің сезімі, көңіл-күйі, қарым-қатынасын тілдік тұрғыдан құрудан тұрады; бұл категория алуантүрлі жүйелік-тілдік бірліктер мен тілдік құралдардан тұрады; сөйлесімде экспрессивтілікті жүзеге асырудың мақсаты эмоционалдық тұрғыдан әсер ету эффектісі болып табылады; бұл категория функционалды-прагматикалық қызметі мен функционалды-семантикалық аспектісімен айқындалады. "
Ғылыми дискурстың баламалылығына жету аспектілері
Authors: Айгул Қазкенқызы Жұмабекова  , Айжан Ержановна Ауелбекова
Published: April 2021

Мақала ғылыми стиль мәтіндерін аудару кезінде баламалылыққа қол жеткізу тәсілдерін зерттеуге арналған. Қазақ, ағылшын және орыс тіл білімінде «ғылыми дискурс» терминінің анықтамасын талқылауға ерекше назар аударылады. Зерттеу материалы ретінде Карен Армстронгтың «Құдай тарихы: 4000 жылдық иудаизм, христиан және ислам іздеуі» атты университеттерге арналған дінтану оқулығының ағылшын тілндегі түпнұсқасы және қазақша аудармасы таңдалды. Қазақ тіліндегі аударма 2018 жылы «Рухaни жaңғыру» бaғдaрлaмacы негізінде «Жaңa гумaнитaрлық білім. Қaзaқ тіліндегі 100 жaңa oқулық» аясында жүзеге асырылды және бұдан бұрын талданбаған. Аударматанудағы ғылыми дискурс – тиісті пәндік саламен және оның нақты терминологиясымен алдын-ала танысқан жағдайда ғана кәсіби жұмыстарды орындауға болатын аудармашылық қызмет екендігі сөз жүргізілді. Аталған оқулықтың ағылшын тілінен қазақ тіліне тікелей аударылу ерекшеліктеріне функционалдық және прагматикалық аспектілерде талдау жүргізілді. Жалпы алғанда, үш әлемдік діндерге: иудаизм, христиандық және исламға қатысты терминдермен және тұрақты сөз тіркестерімен түпнұсқа мәтін мазмұнының дұрыс берілуі туралы қорытынды жасалды. Нақты емес немесе толық емес аудармалары бар мәнмәтіндердің мақала авторларының өз нұсқалары келтірілген.
Theterm «Concept»
Authors: Zh. M. Kakulya  , D. D. Jantassova
Published: April 2021

"In recent years in the humanitarian field of scientific knowledge more and more attention has been paid to the relationship of language and culture, language and national mentality, language and national consciousness. In this connection, the object of study, the approaches and methods of describing and studying language are being reinterpreted. Researches pay more and more attention to such a category as a concept. Despite a widespread use of this concept in the field of scientific research, the term «concept» itself has not yet received an unambiguous interpretation. And this is due to the fact that researchers representing various branches of scientific knowledge, single out and consider decisive various features of this object. At present it should be recognized that it is a concept that is the key of cognitive linguistics. However, despite the fact that a concept can be considered established for modern cognitive science, the content of this concept varies significantly in the conceptions of various scientific schools and individual scientists. The fact is that a concept is a category of thinking that is not observable, and this gives a lot of room for its interpretation. Today the category of a concept appears in the studies of philosophers, logicians, psychologists, and cultural scientists, and it bears the traces of all these extra-linguistic interpretations. This term, although firmly established in modern linguistics, does not still have a single definition, although many well-known scholars are fruitfully studying a concept: N. D. Arutyunova, A. P. Babushkin, A. Vezhbitskaya, E. S. Kubryakova, S. E. Nikitina, V. N. Telia, R. M. Frumkin and others. Thus, it can be stated that the term of a concept in linguistics is both old and new at the same time. Back in 1928 famous scientist S. A. Askoldov published the article «Concept and Word», but until the middle of the last century, a concept was not perceived as a term in scientific literature. A concept is a cultural phenomenon of storing, developing and accumulating information, perhaps its universal definition is the shortest logical characteristic: a concept is a constructive concept of storing and accumulating information in the linguistic picture of the world. Thus, concepts represent the world in the head of a person, forming a conceptual system, and the signs of the human language encode the content of this system in a word. "
Б. Нұржекеұлының «Күтумен кешкен ғұмыр» романындағы замана бейнесі
Authors: Бибіжан Сейтханқызы Бегманова  , Бибігүл Мыңбайқызы Сұлтанова
Published: April 2021

"Мақалада ұлттық әдебиетіміздің көркемдік дамуында өзіндік қолтаңбасымен дараланып, қазақ сөз өнеріне өлшеусіз үлес қосып жүрген қарымды қаламгеріміздің бірі Б. Нұржекеұлының қаламынан туған «Күтумен кешкен ғұмыр» атты романы талданады. Көркем әдебиетте өмірдің сан қырлы жақтары суреттелетіні айқын. Оқырман тарихтың өткені мен бүгінін шығарма арқылы танып, біліп отырады. ХХ ғасырдың жетпісінші жылдары әдебиетке қадам басып, қазақ прозасына өзіндік ерекшелігімен тың, соны соқпақ салып, өзіндік қолтаңбасымен дараланып көрінген жазушы қазақ прозасында қатарласынан басқаша ой түюге, тың жол ашуға ұмтылды. Қаламгердің қаламынан туған прозалық шығармалары бүгінде қазақ әдебиетінің алтын қорына қосылған табысты еңбек болып табылады. Қазақ әдебиетінде тың иедяларымен танылып келе жатқан қаламгердің өмірді өзінше көріп-тануға, өзінше бейнелеуге ұмтылысы, ешкімге ұқсамайтын кейіпкерлер галереясы жасалған шығармалармен оқырман жүрегінен жылы орын ала білді. Жазушының қаламынан туған «Күтумен кешкен ғұмыр» романы өткен ғасырдың басындағы қазақ даласында орын алған үлкен өзгерісті, қазақ халқының басынан өткен сан түрлі тарихи оқиғаларды сөз етеді. Тұрмыс-салтын берік ұстанған, ұлттық менталитеті айқын, ұлттық болмысы мықты қазақ халқының басынан өткен ауыр тарихи шындықты көркем шығармаға айналдыра білген. "
English proficiency reading skills at the age of 12 in Pavlodar region, Kazakhstan
Authors: Aigul Bulatovna Akhmetova  , Gaysha Ertaevna Imambayeva  , Nazira Akhanovna Shakhmetova
Published: April 2021

"The purpose of this paper is to explore the level of reading literacy of 12-year old students in Pavlodar because reading plays one of the important parts in the development of academic and intellectual processes of human beings. This work examined a pilot study of young language learners’ proficiency reading skills in English (L3 – compulsory foreign language) with a previous language background (L1 – Kazakh language is a mother tongue) and L2 (Russian language is a language of everyday communication) in Pavlodar, Kazakhstan. The quantitative methods was used in the secondary school No.22 of Pavlodar, the participants were 57 students of the 6th grade, the instruments were presented in the form of Reading test with 4 tasks and 24 items; the questions belonged to the information retrieval and inferring item types. After analyzing a short small-scale study of reading skills in English of 12-year old children showed significantly higher ability in retrieving information from texts than from graphs. However, the findings of Cronbach’s alpha was not high at the beginning but while analyzing data further we found out that in case of deleting some items the Cronbach’s alpha became higher. This implication would let us suppose to the idea that because of little time, distance in conducting paper-and-pencil test we were not familiar with the exact language level of the students while performing the test and if the teacher instructed the students well. Therefore, we assume that these factors affected on the reliability of the test. Hence, we consider that the test further should be corrected or changed into standardized test in L3 or translated into their mother tongue. "
Интернет лингвистикадағы тілдік норма
Authors: Н. Х. Ахтаева
Published: April 2021

"Мақалада бүгінде аса сөз етіле бермейтін, қазіргі қазақ тіл білімінде басты назардан тыс қалып бара жатқан тілдік норма мәселесі қозғалған. Мақала авторы жалпы интернет лингвистика саласын зерттеп жүрген орыс зерттеушілері мен қазақ ғалымдарының пікіріне сүйене отырып, ғаламтордың тілдік нормаға әсер ету құбылысын екі жақты қарастырады. Біріншісі – ауызекі сөйлеу үлгілерінің интернеттегі қарым-қатынасқа енуі, екіншісі – керісінше ғаламтор әсерінен тілімізге еніп кеткен түрлі сленгтер. Бұл мәселе тіл тазалығын сақтауда өзекті екені белгілі. Сондай-ақ тілдік норманы бұзатын уәжді-уәжсіз ауытқулар жайлы ғалымдарымыздың пікірін келтіре отырып, интернеттегі тілдік норманы бұзатын себептер айтылған. Қай-қайсысы болсада бүгінде орын алып жатқан жағдайлар. М. Балақаев, Р. Сыздық және ағылшын, орыс тіл білімінде интернет лингвистикаға елеулі үлестерін қосып жүрген Д. Кристал, Л. Ф. Компанцева, Е. И. Горошко, Н. А. Ахреновалардың еңбектерін басшылыққа ала отырып, интернет әсерінен болып жатқан тілдегі өзгерістерді, оның алдын алу шаралары да мақалада қарастырылған. "
Pharmacological Management of Endometriosis-related Pain: The Expert Opinion
Authors: Dubrovina Svetlana O , Berlim Yuliya D , Bezhenar Vitaly F , Gimbut Vitaly S , Baranov Igor I
Published: April 2021

HIGHLIGHTS

Endometriosis treatment is still a challenge for modern medicine

Therapy with combined oral contraceptives (COCs) may be reconsidered at least for some patients

Progestogens may be an effective alternative to COCs when it comes to endometriosis-related pelvic pain

Aim

The aim of this review article was to analyze and summarize the current treatment options of endometriosis-associated pain to provide additional information about treatment personalization for clinicians.

Background

Despite numerous studies being published, endometriosis is still one of the main challenges in gynecology. The etiology of endometriosis is unclear while its mechanism is believed to be connected to the peritoneal endometriotic lesions via retrograde menstruation, immunity abnormalities, and genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Patients with endometriosis generally have to cope with chronic pelvic pain which definitely affects the quality of life. The disease is often characterized by a persistent recurrent course; therefore, when choosing a treatment, special attention should be paid not only to its efficacy, but also to long-term safety, tolerability, and compliance.

Review results

Actual and relevant publications in PubMed and eLibrary databases were studied. The authors highlight the pathogenic mechanisms of endometriosis and the current state of pharmacological management options. The available evidence on the use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) for pelvic pain is critically assessed and the authors propose their opinion on the alternative treatment options with progestogens which seem to be an effective alternative to COCs with a more favorable safety profile.

Conclusion

Progestogens are an effective alternative to COCs in the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain; however, further well-conducted trials are needed in both types of therapy.

Clinical significance

The results of this literature review provide additional information to enable clinicians to personalize the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain.

How to cite this article

Dubrovina SO, Berlim YD, Bezhenar VF, et al. Pharmacological Management of Endometriosis-related Pain: The Expert Opinion. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2020;12(6):415–420.
Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 Specific Cell Subset Identification in Oral Tissues: A Need of the Hour in COVID-19 Research
Authors: Sarode Gargi S , Gadbail Amol R , Gondivkar Shailesh
Published: April 2021

How to cite this article: Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Gadbail AR, et al. Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 Specific Cell Subset Identification in Oral Tissues: A Need of the Hour in COVID-19 Research. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020;21(12):1305–1306.
Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Evaluation of the Anatomical Changes of Temporomandibular Joint Use of Pre-post Dentures: A Time-control Study
Authors: Sharma Sunny , Singh Pankaj K , Raman Nikita , Singh Vaibhav K , Akhtar Saifullah , Mishra Prabhat
Published: April 2021

Aim and objective

The growth of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) gets affected by multiple factors like aging, occlusion state, and by the movement of the jaw while masticating and swallowing. Radiographic imaging is often utilized as a vital diagnostic adjunct in the evaluation of certain examinations of the TMJ.

Materials and methods

In this in vivo study, 30 male participants with mean age 55 years, having edentulous maxillary and mandibular arches from the Outpatient Department of Prosthodontics, were randomly selected. Group I (n = 30) patients who were edentulous for the last 4–5 years but without wearing dentures. Whereas group II (n = 30) patients who were edentulous for the last 4–5 years but were wearing dentures for this period. Maxillary and mandibular dentures were fabricated and delivered to subjects. Subjects were subjected to the TMJ analysis with the help of CBCT. Radiological images of dentomaxillofacial structures were analyzed by a specialist with a dual monitor inside a darkened silent room. On the monitor, three times measurements were recorded followed by calculation of mean value. The recordings were taken on both sides and thus, 210 sites were analyzed altogether, followed by the statistical analysis using SPSS software version 15.0.

Results

The mean ages of group I and II were 59.00 ± 6.74 and 58.27 ± 6.75 years, respectively. The intra- and intergroup comparisons were done using a one-sample t-test. Differences in mean intercondylar width in groups I and II were not found to be statistically significant. The difference in mean length of glenoid fossa was not statistically significant at any of the above observation periods. A continuous decline in mean length of glenoid fossa was observed with time in both groups. The range of change in articular eminence length was found to be statistically significant for both the groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

This study shows that the articular eminence flattening is correlated with age; on the other hand, the rate of deformation was found significantly more in total edentulous subjects as compared to subjects having normally maintained occlusion. The anatomical changes inside the TMJ have been much greater expressed within the completely edentulous subjects in whom the angle of sagittal condyle path declines and so does the articular eminence height.

Clinical significance

It is essential to provide the edentulous patient with early prosthetic and occlusal rehabilitation after extractions to prevent the anatomical changes in TMJ.

How to cite this article

Singh PK, Raman N, Singh VK, et al. Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Evaluation of the Anatomical Changes of Temporomandibular Joint Use of Pre-post Dentures: A Time-control Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020;21(12):1354–1360.
Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude of Pediatricians and General Dentists toward Infant Oral Health Care, Jaipur
Authors: Nigam Anant G , Chinchalkar Renuka P , Yadav Shavan K
Published: April 2021

Introduction

Oral health is the foundation upon which dental health must be built. Pediatricians examine infants several times during their 1st and 2nd years of life. Parents usually seek pediatricians’ advice in securing their child's normal growth and development. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding infant oral health in pediatricians and general dentist and to make aware about the preventive oral health care (OHC) needs for the infants to their parents.

Materials and methods

A total of 100 pediatricians and 100 general dentists who participated in the study were randomly selected. Objective questionnaires related to infant OHC were distributed among the pediatricians and general dentists and asked to fill the pro forma. They were requested to fill an objective questionnaire without providing any oral health information.

Results and conclusion

The results were statistically analyzed and it was concluded that there was a lack of knowledge among pediatricians as compared to the general dentist but overall both lacked the current concepts of pediatric dentistry.

How to cite this article

Yadav SK, Nigam AG, Chinchalkar RP, et al. Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude of Pediatricians and General Dentists toward Infant Oral Health Care, Jaipur. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2020;5(2):69–71.
Metodología de selección de procesos para la gestión de servicios en las pymes
Authors: Rubio Sánchez Juan Luis , Burgos García Concepción
Published: April 2021

Es un hecho que cada vez más empresas basan su operativa en las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC). Los modelos de gestión tradicionales necesitan ser adaptados a esta nueva realidad. Para ello están surgiendo iniciativas (COBIT [control objectives for information and related technology], CMMI [capability maturity model integration], ITIL [information technology infrastructure library], etc.) que pretenden orientar sobre los procesos, las métricas y los indicadores de gestión de la tecnología más adecuados.
En este trabajo nos centraremos en ITIL, máximo exponente de lo que se ha dado en llamar Gobierno TI. ITIL es un referente en las empresas de servicios de tecnología y en los departamentos de TIC de cualquier empresa. Ello se debe a que la organización y cobertura de los procesos propuestos para la correcta gestión de servicios informáticos aporta un grado de utilidad superior al resto de iniciativas existentes.
La implantación de un modelo de gestión basado en los procesos ITIL supone para las empresas una decisión relevante: ¿qué procesos implantar?, ¿por cuál empezar?, etc. La contestación a estas y otras preguntas no es fácil porque la adopción de estos procesos implica una inversión económica importante. Este trabajo da respuesta a la pregunta de qué orden de implantación de procesos seguir de modo que maximicemos el posicionamiento de la empresa en su sector, el posicionamiento frente
Aprendizaje m-learning en la materia Dirección de la Producción mediante flipped classroom con entornos colaborativos virtuales y su evaluación con rúbricas
Authors: Martín-Gómez Sonia , Masa-Lorenzo Cristina
Published: April 2021

Este estudio se integra dentro de un proyecto de cambio y mejora docente cuya pretensión es modificar el sistema de enseñanza tradicional en la materia Dirección de la Producción (Administración de Operaciones), enfocando su aprendizaje a la adquisición de las competencias exigidas por el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), de tal modo que el estudiante participe de forma activa y se invo­lucre en la solución de los problemas de empresas reales planteados en el aula en un entorno colaborativo virtual, apoyado en redes sociales mediante el uso de dis­positivos móviles distintos (m-learning).
Para tal fin se van a utilizar metodologías innovadoras, como la denominada flipped classroom, o aula invertida, donde proponemos que el estudiante empiece a tener un papel activo mediante el aprendizaje colaborativo basado en problemas (ACBP), cuya finalidad será formar a estudiantes que sean capaces de analizar y de enfrentarse a los problemas de la misma manera que lo harían durante su actividad profesional. No obstante, para que este cambio metodológico sea exitoso tendrá que ir acompaña­do de rúbricas bien diseñadas que permitan valorar correctamente el trabajo grupal y la participación en el aula. De este modo, los alumnos conocerán las competencias alcanzadas y las que necesitan reforzar.
Flint Recycling in the Lower Paleolithic Levant: A Microscopic Investigation of Small Recycled Flakes at Qesem Cave (Israel)
Authors: Venditti Flavia
Published: April 2021

Recycling is defined as a process in which waste materials can again become usable. In the common belief of many peoples, recycling is only considered a contemporary manifestation linked to the economic and ecological politics of industrialized societies. Both archaeological and historical records, however, prove that recycling has its roots back in time, being a common behavior of our ancestors as well as of many past societies. At the Late Lower Paleolithic site of Qesem Cave, Israel, research has identified a particular lithic trajectory oriented towards the production of small flakes by means of recycling, in the exploiting of old discarded flakes to be re-used as cores. The high density of this specific production throughout the stratigraphic sequence of the cave demonstrates that lithic recycling was a conscious and planned technological choice aimed at providing small and sharp items, most probably in order to meet specific functional behaviors. This particular lithic behavior persisted for some 200 kyr of human use of the cave and is not related to any shortage of flint, as the vicinity of the cave is exceptionally rich in flint sources. The exceptional conservation of use-wear signs and residues has allowed the author to reconstruct the functional role of this specific production, highlighting its specialized nature mostly related to the processing of animal carcasses through accurate and careful actions. The aptitude towards specialization in a tool’s function and technology shows how advanced the cognitive capacities were of the Qesem hominins. Applying functional analysis based on the determination of wear on artifacts by means of optical light microscopes, scanning electron microscopy and chemical analysis (FTIR and EDX) provides a useful and effective approach for understanding the adaptive strategies of the Qesem Cave hominins who, while facing various situations, were able to find thoughtful solutions for different needs.