bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kant’tan Kripke’ye: Analitiklik, Zorunluluk, A Priori İlişkisi
Authors: Yazıcı Murat Fatih
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada zorunluluğun, analitik ve a priori kavramlarıyla olan bağı çağdaş felsefedeki tartışmalarla ilgisi içerisinde incelenmeye çalışılacaktır. Bu doğrultuda ilk olarak Kant’ın yargı teorisinden hareketle yaptığı sınıflandırma ele alınacaktır. Bu sınıflandırmanın epistemolojik ve semantik olarak düşünülebilecek iki veçhesi bulunmaktadır. İlk veçhesi a priori-a posteriori ayrımına, ikincisi ise analitik-sentetik ayrımına dayanmaktadır. Felsefe tarihinde, özellikle Leibniz ve Hume’un görüşlerinde, izlerine rastlanmakla birlikte, bu ayrımlar Kant’ın felsefesinde ayrıcalıklı bir konuma ulaşmıştır. Bu minvalde, Kant’ın ortaya koymuş olduğu sentetik a priori yargıların kendi felsefesindeki önemi belirtilmiş, yol açtığı tartışmalara değinilmiştir. Söz konusu tartışmalar, Öklid dışı geometrilerin ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte belirli bir noktada yoğunluk kazanmıştır. Evrensel olarak zorunlu tek bir geometri fikrinin kaybolması, Kant’ın sentetik a priori projesinin itibar kaybetmesine yol açmıştır. Bu durum, aritmetiğin mantığa indirgenmesi fikri üzerinden farklı bir şekilde güç kazanmıştır. Böylece Kant’ın matematiği temellendirdiği saf görü anlayışının felsefî sahneden dışarıya çıkartılmasıyla karşı karşıya kalınmıştır. Öte yandan analitik felsefesinin üzerinde konumlandığı dil ve mantık temelli bir düşüncenin önü açılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, Carnap ve Ayer analitik-sentetik ayrımını savunmakla beraber, Kant’ın aksine, zorunlu ve a priori olanın analitik ifadelerle sınırlı olduğunu iddia eder. Quine ve Kripke ise farklı açılardan daha radikal bir adım atarlar. Quine, felsefe ile bilim arasında niteliksel bir ayrımın oluşmasını sağlayan a priori - a posteriori ve analitik-sentetik ayrımını eleştirir. Kripke ise bilgiye ulaşma ve nesneleri adlandırma biçimlerine ilişkin geleneksel anlayışı sorgulayarak zorunluluğun analitik ve a priori olandan farklı boyutları olabileceğini öne sürer. Bu çerçevede, 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında modal mantıktaki ve dil felsefesindeki tartışmaların etkisiyle birlikte yeni bir anlayış gelişmeye başlamıştır. Zorunluluk kavramının analitik ve a priori kavramlarıyla arasındaki ilişkinin farklılaştığı bu safha metafizik açıdan özcülüğün gündeme gelmesine sebep olmuştur. Böylece Kant’ın yargı sınıflandırmasının aksine, zorunlu a posteriori ve olumsal a priori gibi önermeleri içeren yeni bir felsefi çerçeve ortaya çıkmıştır. Yazıda, çağdaş felsefenin farklı safhaları itibariyle temsil gücü olan örnekler üzerinden felsefi yaklaşımı belirleyen zorunluluk, analitiklik ve a priori kavramlarının birbirleriyle etkileşim biçimleri ele alınmaya çalışılacaktır.
Ruh, Bilinç ve Zombiler: Metafizik Çıkmazlar ve Alternatif Yollar
Authors: Özaykal Kayhan
Published: December 2024

Bu makale, zombiler örneği üzerinden metafizik ve fiziksel hakikat arasındaki ilişkiyi ele almaktadır. Felsefede zombi, fiziksel tüm açılardan insana benzeyen ancak bilinci olmayan bir organizmadır. Böyle bir varlığın mümkün olup olmadığı konusunda süregelen tartışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu tartışmalar büyük ölçüde zombilerin tasavvur edilip edilemeyeceği meselesine bağlıdır ve bağlamda hayal veya tasavvur edilebilirliğin zorunlu olarak imkan anlamına geldiği fikri de çalışmada incelenmektedir. Tartışmalar, ruhun varlığı ve mahiyeti hakkındaki çalışmalar için de mühimdir. Genellikle zombilerin mümkün varlıklar olduğu görüşünü savunanlar düalist, mümkün olduklarını reddedenler ise materyalisttir. Bu çalışmada, tartışmada her iki tarafça kullanılan ana teorinin Kripke’nin mümkün dünyalar semantiği olması sebebiyle Kripke metafiziğine odaklanılmaktadır. Ancak burada Kripkeci metafiziğinin bu görüşlerin hiçbirinin doğruluğunu belirleyemeyeceği, çünkü gerekli türde bir zorunluluğu temellendiremeyeceği öne sürülmektedir. Böylece, literatürde temelden hatalı bir değerlendirme yapılmış gibi görünmektedir. Bunun yerine, geleneksel nedensel ve ontolojik türde bir metafiziğin daha etkili olacağı önerilmektedir ve özellikle bazı farklı nedensellik teorilerinin faydalı olacağı ileri sürülmektedir. Bu tür teorilerin konunun sonlandırıcı karara bağlanmasında etkili olabileceğini göstermek için gerçekçilik karşıtlığı, indeterminizm ve özellikle teistik iradecilik örneklerinden yararlanılmaktadır. Her teoride, zombi imkanını kesin olarak belirleyen cevaplar elde edilmektedir. Bu şekilde, bir materyalistin zombilerin mümkün varlıklar olduğunu kabul edebileceği görüşü ispatlanmaktadır.
How is Logical Analysis Viable?
Authors: Besler Arman
Published: December 2024

The idea and the actual exercises of logical analysis as a philosophical method are at the heart of the emergence of analytic philosophy in the beginning of the 20th century. Although analytic philosophy is most commonly said to emerge with the critique devised by G. E. Moore and Bertrand Russell of the then-dominant idealist currents of philosophy in Britain, the central conception of analysis at work in this process is not the dominant traditional conception of analysis as decomposition of concepts, but a fairly new, distinctive conception which we find to be exemplified exclusively in Frege’s and Russell’s works (specifically Frege 1879, 1893 and Russell 1905). This distincive conception has been specified under a few various rubrics, such as paraphrastic or transformative-interpretive analysis, to separate it not only from the decompositional but the regressive conception as well, the latter characterizing the analysis-synthesis method of ancient Greek geometry. The present paper first locates logical analysis (as a philosophical method) in this picture, by proposing to define it as a definite kind of paraphrastic (or transformative/interpretive) analysis, the kind where the language in the analysans position is a logical language. The paper highlights the fact that the whole point of analyzing natural language forms by means of translating them into a logical language is essentially solving problems of inference – i.e. determining whether certain natural language sentence types follow from/contradict with/entail certain others, and shows that this particular conception of analysis is not as self-consistent a notion as it may first seem to be. The key to the argument is the undeniable connection between the meaning (at large) of a sentence form and the principal inferential relations that the sentence form is supposed (pre-analytically) to enter into with other related forms. The argument employs as a clear example the common modern logical analysis of the so-called problem of existential import of traditional categorical forms in order to problematize the viability of logical analysis, and concludes that one of the necessary conditions of the self-consistency (viability, possibility) of logical analysis is the acceptance of a certain negative thesis about meaning.
KÜRESEL İŞLETMELERİN TÜRKİYE PAZARINDAKİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Bal Feride
Published: December 2024

Küreselleşme, ekonomik faaliyetlerin, ticaret, yatırım ve sermaye hareketlerinin, işgücü ve girişimcilerinin dolaşımı ve ayrıca teknoloji transferi yoluyla tüm ilişkilerin uluslararası boyutlara taşınmasıdır. Küresel işletme kavramı, uluslararası pazarlarda etkin bir şekilde faaliyet gösterebilmek için gerekli olan stratejik yetenekler, yerel pazar dinamikleri ve iş süreçlerinin etkinliği gibi birçok unsuru kapsamaktadır. Bu unsurlar, küresel işletmelerin rekabet avantajı elde etmeleri ve sürdürülebilir bir şekilde büyümeleri için kritik öneme sahiptir. Küresel işletmeler, Türkiye pazarında yerel uygulamalarını geliştirmek için çeşitli stratejiler benimsemektedir. Bu stratejiler, hem yerel kültürel unsurları dikkate almakta hem de Türk tüketicisinin beklentilerine uygun ürün ve hizmetler sunmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı; küresel işletmeleri daha iyi anlamak, bu işletmelerin stratejilerini çözümleyerek etkilerini araştırmaktır. Bu etkilerin literatür ile desteklenerek yazın incelemesi genişletilmek istenmiştir. Bu bağlamda küresel işletmeler kapsamında bulunan firmaların uyguladıkları stratejiler ve bu stratejilere yapılan değerlendirmeler ele alınmaktadır Burger King, Mc Donald’s, Starbucks, Coca Cola, Netflix olmak üzere beş küresel işletmenin Türkiye pazarındaki stratejileri incelenmektedir. Bu beş küresel işletme örneğinde firmaların “küresel düşün, yerel davran” felsefesi ile hareket ettiği ve daha çok polisentrik strateji uyguladığı gözlemlenmiştir.
Inovasi dalam Pengajaran Bahasa Arab: Menggunakan Aplikasi dan Platform Online untuk Pembelajaran Nahwu yang Lebih Menarik
Authors: Fara Suci  , Moh. Syaifudin
Published: December 2024

Teaching Arabic, especially in the Nahwu (syntax) aspect, is often considered difficult and boring by students. With technological advances, online applications and platforms offer innovative solutions to address these challenges. This article explores how the use of applications and digital platforms can improve engagement and effectiveness in Nahwu learning. Using a qualitative approach through literature studies, surveys, observations, and interviews, the study finds that interactive features, flexible accessibility, learning personalization, and instant feedback from applications can enrich student learning experiences. However, there are challenges such as limited access to technology and teacher training needs that need to be addressed. With the right implementation strategy, technology can be an effective tool to create a more exciting and productive Nahwu learning experience.
Peran Artificial Intelligence dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab: Peluang dan Tantangan
Authors: Fahmi Muhamad , Syifaul Adhimah
Published: December 2024

The study explores the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Arabic language learning, with an emphasis on the opportunities and challenges faced in its application. AI has great potential to revolutionize the way languages are learned by offering personalized materials to suit the individual needs of students, adapting teaching methods based on different learning styles, and providing real-time feedback to accelerate the learning process. Through in-depth data analysis, AI can tailor teaching to be more relevant and effective, thereby enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes. Despite offering many advantages, the application of AI faces several significant challenges, such as the availability of adequate quality data, the quality of algorithms that need to be well designed to produce accurate results, and the resistance to new technologies from educators as well as students. The study uses a library study method to study the latest literature on the application of AI in Arabic language education, identifying the benefits and obstacles. Research findings show that while AI can enhance learning processes, contextual adjustment and in-depth understanding of the application of this technology is crucial to maximizing its benefits in education.
An outbreak of Marek’s Disease in a Commercial Poultry Farm in Naththandiya, Sri Lanka: A Case Study
Authors: Iluppalla Gamage Buddhimali Yashodhara
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Marek’s disease (MD) is a major threat to the poultry industry worldwide and significantly affects production and economic stability. In this context, an outbreak in a commercial poultry farm in Naththandiya, Sri Lanka, served as a crucial alarm to avian health management. The clinical signs found during this outbreak not only highlight the virulence of MD virus but also raise questions regarding the effectiveness of the current control measures.
Case report: The outbreak was found in a commercial poultry farm with 4500 Brown Leghorn female chickens including 2500 of 14 weeks old chickens, and 2000 of 6 weeks old chickens in Naththandiya, which was characterized by marked mortalities of 15-20 chickens/day in elder chickens and 35-40 chickens/day in 6 weeks old chickens. The older chickens have been vaccinated with the oral Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) vaccine at 3 weeks and 11 weeks of age and also with Fowl Pox vaccine at 8 weeks of age. The younger chickens have been given only IBD vaccine at 3 weeks of age. The outbreak showed a wide range of clinical signs, including swollen and closed eyes, nasal discharge, respiratory distress, and anorexia. The post-mortem examination revealed pathognomonic lesions such as grey-white foci of neoplastic tissue in the liver, lungs, and kidneys, enlargement of the sciatic nerve with loss of cross striations, visceral organ enlargement such as liver, kidney, and spleen which indicates the presence of MD virus along with secondary infections caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli). Histopathological examination and bacterial culture confirmed the MD and E. coli infections respectively.
Conclusion: This outbreak highlights the importance of vigilant surveillance, proactive management, and continuous review of vaccination protocols to control the transmission of Marek’s disease effectively.
Therapeutic Potential of ZnO-Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Portulaca oleracea in Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Authors: Amirazodi Esmael , Zaman Mohammad , Khanchoupan Milad , Mortazavi Moghadam Fatemeh , Faravani Fatemeh , Khadem Abolfazl Abbas , Jafarianmoghadam Neda
Published: December 2024

Cancer remains a leading global health challenge, with conventional therapies often hindered by severe side effects and the emergence of resistance. Nanotechnology presents innovative approaches for targeted cancer treatment, with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) gaining attention for their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce apoptosis. This review explores the green synthesis of ZnO-NPs utilizing the bioactive plant Portulaca oleracea (purslane), emphasizing its eco-friendly and biocompatible nature. This comprehensive narrative aims to investigate the synthesis, characterization, and mechanisms of action of ZnO-NPs synthesized using P. oleracea, synthesis methodologies, physicochemical properties, anticancer mechanisms, and potential applications across multiple cancer types, including breast, lung, colorectal, prostate, and ovarian cancers. Additionally, the review discusses the challenges associated with biocompatibility, scalability, and clinical applications while highlighting potential pathways for further investigation.
ZnO-NPs synthesized using P. oleracea exhibit notable anticancer efficacy due to enhanced ROS generation and targeted apoptosis. Preliminary studies highlight their potential in delivering lower-toxicity alternatives, compared to conventional treatments. Despite promising results, scalability, clinical application, and long-term biocompatibility remain significant challenges. ZnO-NPs synthesized via green methods represent a transformative approach to cancer treatment. However, further research addressing biocompatibility, regulatory hurdles, and large-scale production is essential to advance their clinical application.
Bağımsız Türk Cumhuriyetlerinde Bankacılık
Authors: Akgün Leyla , Arslantürk Çöllü Duygu
Published: December 2024

Sovyetler birliğinin 1991 yılında dağılmasına kadar, birliğin hammadde üreticisi olarak görev yapan Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Kırgızistan, Özbekistan ve Türkmenistan gibi Türk Cumhuriyetleri, nihayet 1990’lı yılların başlarında bağımsızlıklarına kavuşarak, komünist ekonomik sistemden serbest piyasa ekonomisine geçmişlerdir. Ancak söz konusu Cumhuriyetler, Sovyetler birliği içinde yapılan görev paylaşımından koptuktan sonra bir ekonomiyi tek başına yürütmenin sancılı süreçleriyle karşı karşıya kalmışlardır. IMF ve Dünya Bankasına üye olmanın yanı sıra finansal piyasalarda oldukça etkili bir rolü olan bankacılık sektöründe yapısal değişimler yapılarak bu zor dönem atlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Birçok alanda çalışma serbestisi tanınan bankalara bu dönemde ihtiyaç hâsıl olmuş ve sektör önemli derecede büyümüştür. Ekonomiler açısından kilit öneme sahip sektörlerden birini oluşturan bankacılığın, gelişmiş olduğu ülkelerde reel sektöründe büyümesi ve gelişmesi de beklenmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu kitap çalışması, Bağımsız Türk Cumhuriyetleri’ndeki bankacılık sektörüne odaklanmakta ve sektördeki gelişimin ekonomiye katkılarına değinilmeye çalışılmaktadır.
10-12 Yaş Yüzücülerde Uygulanan 8 Haftalık Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sürat Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Eroğlu Regayip , Kaynak Kerimhan , Koç Kenan
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı 10-12 yaş yüzücülerde uygulanan 8 haftalık pliometrik antrenmanların sürat üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi ve ilgili literatüre katkı sağlanmasıdır. Çalışmanın evreni, Türkiye’de bulunan genç yüzücüler oluştururken, çalışmanın örneklemini Erciyes Alfa Gençlik ve Spor Kulübü'nde kayıtlı rastgele seçilen toplam 24 erkek sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma öncesinde, tüm sporculara yapılacak ölçümlerle ilgili gerekli bilgi verilmiş ve Bilgilendirilmiş Gönüllü Onam Formu imzalatılmıştır. Erciyes Üniversitesi’nden alınan Etik Kurul İzin Raporu kararına göre; her iki gruptan 8 hafta olan antrenman programı uygulamnadan önce (ön-test) ve sonrasında (son-test) ölçümler yapılmıştır. Kontrol grubu, 8 hafta ve haftada 3 gün düzenli antrenmanlarına devam etmiştir. Deney grubu ise yine 8 hafta süresince haftada 3 gün kontrol grubu ile yüzme antrenmanları yapmış ve ek olarak 3 gün pliometrik antrenman uygulanmıştır. Hareketlerin planlanmasında ise literatürde gelişimi destekleyen egzersizlerden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan gruplara uygulanan egzersiz isimleri aşağıda maddeler halinde açıklanmıştır. Pliometrik egzersizler uygulanmadan önce 10-15 dakika vücutlarının dinamik ısınma hareketleri ile ısınma yapılmıştır. Egzersizlerin sonunda, sakatlıkları önlemek amacıyla 5-10 dakika boyunca soğuma hareketleri uygulanmıştır. Bu soğuma hareketleri, esneme ve gevşeme egzersizlerini içermiştir. Verilerin analizi IBM SPSS 21 paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Verilerin normallik dağılımlarını öğrenmek amacıyla Shapiro Wilk testi yapılmış olup ortaya çıkan sonuçlar doğrultusunda verilerin anormal dağılım gösterdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Sporcuların boy, yaş, VYY, kilo, BKİ ve ölçüm değişkenlerine ilişkin değerlere tanımlayıcı istatistik analizleri yapıldı. Grupların ön test ve son test ölçümleri arasındaki farklılığın ölçülmesinde Wilcoxon İşaretli sıralar analizi Ön Test-Son Test Sonuçları Karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmada anlamlılık düzeyi P<0,05* olarak belirlendi. Bu çalışmada 10-12 yaş grubu yüzücülerde 8 haftalık pliometrik antrenmanların eden kitle indeksi (BKİ), vücut yağ yüzdesi (VYY), sırt kuvveti, bacak kuvveti, pençe kuvveti, omuz genişliği, dikey sıçrama performansı ve sürat performansı üzerindeki etkilerini incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, 8 haftalık pliometrik antrenmanların 10-12 yaş grubu yüzücülerde BKİ ve VYY üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığını göstermiştir. Buna karşın, pliometrik antrenmanların sırt kuvveti, bacak kuvveti, pençe kuvveti, dikey sıçrama performansı ve 50 metre ve 100 metre serbest stil sürat performansı üzerinde anlamlı bir iyileşme sağladığı görülmüştür.
Gelir Dağılımında Adalet ve Uygulanan Maliye Politikası Araçları Açısından Türkiye ve Seçilmiş OECD Ülkeleri İle Karşılaştırmalı Analiz: 2000 Sonrası Dönem
Authors: Sevük Deniz , Bozgeyik Yusuf
Published: December 2024

Devletin maliye politikaları araçlarıyla ekonomiye müdahalesi, iktisat tarihinde sürekli tartışılan bir konu olmuştur. 18. yüzyılda ortaya çıkan klasik ekonomik akım ile devletin ekonomiye müdahale etmemesi gerektiği görüşü, 1929 yılında yaşanan Büyük Buhran ile önemini yitirmiş ve günümüze kadar devletin belirli alanlarda ve belirli ölçüde ekonomiye müdahalesi savunulmuştur. Devletin ekonomiye müdahale etmesi, sosyal devlet anlayışının bir gerekliliği olarak kabul edilmiş ve devletin ekonomideki rolünü daha da artırmıştır. Bu noktada devletin üstlenmiş olduğu en büyük rollerden biri, adil bir gelir dağılımını sağlamaktır. Bu tez, devletin gelir dağılımında adaletin sağlanmasında kullanılan maliye politikası araçlarının ne denli etkili olduğunu saptamaya yönelik yapılan bir araştırmadır. Son 20 yılda gelir dağılımında adaleti sağlamada hangi maliye politikası araçlarının daha etkili olduğu, Türkiye ile bazı seçilmiş OECD ülkeleri arasında karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınacaktır.
Legal Implications of Pakistan's 26th Constitutional Amendment: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Fazail Asrar Ahmed  , Mehwish Asma  , Taabeer
Published: December 2024

The 26th Constitutional Amendment of Pakistan represents a significant milestone in the country’s constitutional evolution, primarily addressing the longstanding demand for enhanced political representation in the former Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). This study critically examines the legal and socio-political implications of the amendment, focusing on its impact on fundamental rights, federalism, and governance. Through an analytical framework, the research explores the amendment’s alignment with constitutional principles, potential conflicts with existing provisions, and the challenges of practical implementation. The study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing constitutional texts, judicial precedents, and comparative analysis to assess the amendment’s implications. Key findings highlight its role in promoting inclusivity and addressing historical disenfranchisement, while also identifying legal ambiguities and governance challenges. The research underscores the importance of clear legislative frameworks and effective administrative measures to ensure the amendment’s success. By situating the 26th Amendment within Pakistan’s broader constitutional history and comparing it to similar reforms in other federal systems, the study offers valuable insights into its significance for strengthening democracy and fostering national integration. This critical analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the amendment’s potential to shape Pakistan’s political and legal landscape while highlighting areas requiring further attention.
Contextualizing Akhenaten’s Reliefs in the Israel Museum, Jerusalem and Hecht Museum, Haifa
Authors: David Arlette
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the reconstruction and recontextualization of fragmentary reliefs carved during the reign of Amenhotep IV—Akhenaten (ca. 1350 BCE), originating from Karnak and Amarna, in the collections of the Israel Museum (Jerusalem) and Hecht Museum (Haifa).
يتناول هذا المقال إعادة بناء وإعادة تحديد سياق أجزاء النقوش المنحوتة خلال عهد الملك أمنحتب الرابع – أخناتون (حوالي 1350 قبل الميلاد)، التي تأتي في الأصل من معابد الكرنك ومن مدينة العمارنة، في مجموعات آثار متحف إسرائيل بالقدس ومتحف هيشت في حيفا.
Rediscovering Memphis
Authors: El-Behaedi Raghda , Diamond Kelly-Anne , Silva Luiza Osorio G. , Plekhov Daniel , Witt Catherine L. , Ahmed Elham
Published: December 2024

Even though Memphis was the first capital of a unified Egypt and one of the ancient world’s most significant cities, it continues to be shrouded in mystery. Thought to have been ancient Egypt’s most populous urban center, Memphis has effectively been “lost” over the last century, awaiting rediscovery at the hands of archaeologists. Despite its long-standing importance—spanning from the Early Dynastic to the Greco-Roman periods—limited information exists about the ancient city due to a lack of systematic and ongoing excavation efforts. This is particularly true for Kom el-Fakhry, one of the mounds belonging to the Memphis archaeological zone, and the one that houses the oldest in situ remains found at Memphis to date. Due to extensive urban encroachment, looting, and dumping of domestic waste in the area, there is an evident need to rapidly excavate and (digitally) preserve the site. During fall 2023, the Memphis Kom el-Fakhry Archaeological Project (MKAP) conducted its inaugural season at Kom el-Fakhry. MKAP aimed to achieve three primary objectives: first, to extend the previous excavation of the Middle Kingdom settlement; second, to explore the potential existence of Old Kingdom layers in situ; and third, to comprehensively document and survey the site. Initial findings from the first season show great promise, including the uncovering of new sections of the northern expansion of the Middle Kingdom settlement and the significant discovery of Old Kingdom stratigraphic layers, marking the first such finding at Memphis.
على الرغم من أن منف كانت أول عاصمة لمصر بعد توحيد القطريُن وواحدة من أهم مدن العالم القديُم، فلا يُزال يُكتنفها الغموض. يُُعتقد أن منف كانت المركز الحضري الأكثر اكتظاظًًا بالسكان في مصر القديمة، ومع ذلك فقد «ضاعت» في الواقع خلال القرن الماضي، وهي الآن في انتظار إعادة اكتشافها على أيُدي علماء الآثار. وعلى الرغم من أهميتها التي امتدت لزمن طويُل من عصر الأسرات المبكرة إلى العصريُن اليوناني والروماني، فإن المعلومات المتوفرة عن هذه المديُنة القديمة محدودة بسبب الافتقار إلى أعمال التنقيب المنهجية والمتواصلة. ويُنطبق هذا على وجهالخصوصعلىكومالفخري،وهوواحدمنالتلالالتيتنتميلمنطقةمنفالأثريُة،ويُضمأقدمبقايُا ُعثرعليهافيمكانهاالأصليفيمنف

حتى الآن. بسبب التعديُات الحضريُة الواسعة النطاق وسرقة الآثار والتخلص من النفايُات المنزلية في هذه المنطقة هناك حاجة أكيدة إلى إجراء أعمال تنقيب عاجلة في الموقع وحفظه «رقم ًيا». أجرى مشروع كوم الفخري في منف في خريُف عام 3202 أعمال موسمه الميداني الأول في موقع كوم الفخري. يُسعى المشروع إلى تحقيق ثلاثة أهداف رئيسية: أو ًلا توسيع نطاق أعمال التنقيب السابقة في المنطقة السكنية من عصر الدولة الوسطى، ثان ًيا استكشاف احتمال وجود طبقات أثريُة من عصر الدولة القديمة في مواقعها الأصلية، ثالثًًا توثيق الموقع ومسحه بشكل شامل. تُبشر الأعمال الاستهلالية للموسم الأول بنتائج واعدة للغايُة، بما في ذلك الكشف عن قطاعات جديُدة من التوسع الشمالي للمنطقة السكنية
من عصر الدولة الوسطى والاكتشاف المهم لطبقات عصر الدولة القديمة الذي يُُعد الأول من نوعه في منف.
„Und das Isis-Blut hat seine Arme in meine Richtung gereicht“
Authors: Mohamed Ghada
Published: December 2024

This study aims to highlight the significance of a particular variant of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs—the anthro- pomorphized form—by investigating the representations and functions of the anthropomorphized Tit-knot as a case study. In order to achieve this objective, a wide variety of sources ranging from the Old Kingdom to the Late Period, including unpublished material and new drawings, have been comprehensively examined and analyzed.
The analysis revealed that the anthropomorphic Tit-sign was a popular element depicted in diverse forms and applied in various contexts, particularly in private sources, serving a specific functional purpose. In addition to its use as a nome symbol and title sign of high officials, it was used frequently as a manifestation of many mother goddesses, including Isis, Hathor, Mut, Nut, and Sothis. Furthermore, due to its aesthetic and magical significance, the anthropomorphized Tit-knot was a crucially significant component in jewelry, amulets, and cosmetic objects. Moreover, unusual variations of the Tit-sign are documented within the Book of the Dead and on the coffins of the Third Intermediate Period and the Late Period to perform a protective, revitalizing function.
يهدف هذا البحث إلى تسليط الضوء على أهمية أحد الأشكال المميزة للعلامات الهيروغليفية المصرية القديمة وهو الشكل المجسد الذي تكتسب العلامات من خلاله سمات بشرية فى الشكل والوظيفة، وذلك من خلال مناقشة وتحليل مناظر ووظائف عقدة التيت المجسدة كدراسة حالة. فى هذه الدراسة، يتم شرح وتحليل مجموعة من المصادر التي ترجع للفترة من الدولة القديمة وحتي العصر المتأخر، بما في ذلك بعض المصادر غير المنشورة والرسومات الجديدة لبعض الأشكال التوضيحية. أظهرت الدراسة أن علامة التيت المجسدة كانت عن ًصرا شائ ًعا تم تصويره بأشكال متنوعة في سياقات مختلفة منذ عصر الدولة القديمة، وخاصة في مصادر الأفراد، لخدمة غرض وظيفي محدد. تم استخدام عقدة التيت المجسدة للإشارة إلى أحد ألقاب كبار رجال الدولة، وتم استخدامها بشكل متكرر كذلك كهيئة للعديد من الآلهات الأمهات، مثل إيزيس وحتحور وموت ونوت وسوتيس (سوبدت). علاوة على ذلك، كانت عقدة التيت المجسدة عنصرا مه ًما للغاية في الح ّلى والتمائم وأدوات الزينة. وأخ ًيرا، تم توثيق بعض الأشكال غير التقليدية لعقدة التيت في كتاب الموتى وعلى توابيت عصر الانتقال الثالث والعصر المتأخر، حيث تعمل علي حماية
وإعادة إحياء المتوفي.
Von KV 55 zum Tell Halaf
Authors: Pilgrim Cornelius von
Published: December 2024

Before the splendor of the treasures from the tomb of Tutankhamun also radiated into the work of Harry Burton and he was proclaimed the “dean of archaeological photographers,” there was a professional photographer in Cairo who was at least Burton’s equal—the German photographer Robert Paul. His excellent photographs that he took for Theodore M. Davis in 1907 of the “Amarna Cache,” the alleged tomb of Teje (KV 55), are of inestimable value for understanding this much debated tomb today. But his name always remained unmentioned, although a year later Paul was also responsible for the photographs in the tomb of Haremhab (KV 57). These were soon at the center of a small affair that threatened to strain the relationship between German and British archaeologists. Based on newly discovered documents from the estate of Ludwig Borchardt in the Swiss Institute Cairo (SIK) and other archives, the following article will shed some spotlights on the life of this early master of archaeological photography in Egypt.
قبل أن تظهر روعة الكنوز القادمُة مُن مُقبرة توت عنخ آمُون في صور هاري بيرتون الذي ُمُنح لقب «عميد المصورين الأثريين»، كان هناك مُصور مُحترف في القاهرة يعادل على الأقل مُستوى بيرتون، وهو المصور الألماني روبرت بول. إن صوره الرائعة التي التقطها لصالح ثيودور ديفيز في عام 1907 في خبيئة العمارنة، التي يُزعم أنها مُقبرة الملكة تي (KV55)، لها قيمة نفيسة مُن أجل فهم هذه المقبرة التي لا تزال تثير الكثير مُن الجدل اليوم. ومُع ذلك، فقد ظل اسم بول لا يُذكر على الرغم مُن قيامُه بعد عام واحد بالتقاط صور لمقبرة الملك حورمُحب (KV57). وسرعان مُا أصبحت هذه الأمُور مُحور قضية صغيرة هددت بتوتر العلاقات بين علماء الآثار الألمان والبريطانيين. استنا ًدا إلى الوثائق المكتشفة حديثًا مُن مُلكية لودفيج بورشاردت في المعهد السويسري بالقاهرة وفي أرشيفات أخرى، سيسلط هذا المقال الضوء على هذا الأستاذ الرائد في
مُجال التصوير الفوتوغرافي للآثار في مُصر.
Review of Lajos Berkes (ed.), Christians and Muslims in Early Islamic Egypt
Authors: Scheunchen Tobias
Published: December 2024

Lajos Berkes (ed.), Christians and Muslims in Early Islamic Egypt. American Studies in Papyrology 56 (Durham, NC: American Society of Papyrologists, 2022). ISBN 978-09799758-9-9. Pp. X + 213, several greyscale illustrations. $69.95
Review of Marie-Françoise Boussac et al., eds., Frontières et marges occidentales de l’Égypte de l’Antiquité au Moyen Âge
Authors: Siegel Oren
Published: December 2024

Marie-Françoise Boussac, Sylvain Dhennin, Bérangère Re- don, Claire Somaglino, and Gaëlle Tallet (eds.). Frontières et marges occidentales de l’Égypte de l’Antiquité au Moyen Âge. Bibliothèque d’Étude 181 (Cairo: IFAO, 2023). ISBN 978-2724708486. Pp. vii + 363. €34.00
Review of Danijela Stefanović, Social Network Analysis and Egyptology
Authors: Dulíková Veronika , Vacková Jana , Bukáček Marek
Published: December 2024

Danijela Stefanović. Social Network Analysis and Egyptology (London – New York: Routledge, 2024). ISBN 978- 1032599632. Pp. 104, 20 black and white illustrations, online content. Hardback £39.99
The Role of Sports Teachers in the Formation OQWF Students’ Character
Authors: Ansori Aang Isa , Lian Bukman , Kristina Putri Cicilia
Published: December 2024

This research aimed to explore the role of sports teachers in shaping the character of students. The research method used was a literature study which involves analysis of 10 articles, books and scientific journals that are relevant to the research topic. The data was analyzed qualitatively to identify the main findings regarding the role of sports teachers in building student character. The results of the analysis show that the role of sports teachers in forming student character is very positive and has an impact. The role of a sports teacher was not only to be an instructor in terms of physical skills, but also to be a role model who inspires students to develop moral values, such as cooperation, honesty and responsibility, perseverance, fighting spirit, optimism and always upholding sportsmanship, sports activities also provide opportunities for students to learn self-control, overcome challenges, and develop discipline. In conclusion, the role of sports teachers in forming students’ character was very important and varied. Therefore, there needs to be greater attention and support for the role of sports teachers in forming student character education in schools. cooperation, honesty and responsibility. Apart from that, sports activities also provide opportunities for students to learn to control themselves, overcome challenges, and develop discipline. In conclusion, the role of sports teachers in forming the character and discipline of students is very important and varied. Therefore, there needs to be greater attention and support for the role of sports teachers in character education and student discipline in schools.
Factors of Successful Implementation of Inclusive Physical Education Programs in Senior High Schools
Authors: Suhandrianto Suhandrianto , Wardiah Dessy , Lanos Muhsana El Cintami
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the successful implementation of the inclusive physical education program at SMAN 2 Waytenong. Using a qualitative approach and case study method, data were collected through in-depth interviews with teachers, students and administrative staff, as well as direct observation. Data analysis was carried out using the thematic analysis method to identify the main influencing factors. The research results show that school management support, teacher readiness and competence, parent participation and support, availability of facilities and infrastructure, student attitudes and perceptions, as well as curriculum and learning materials are key factors that influence the success of the program. This research concludes that supportive management, teacher training, parental involvement, adequate facilities, positive student attitudes, and an inclusive curriculum are essential for effective implementation. The proposed recommendations include improving teacher training, providing better resources, outreach to parents, developing an inclusive curriculum, and creating a friendly and supportive school environment. By managing these factors, it is hoped that the inclusive physical education program at SMAN 2 Waytenong can be successful and provide maximum benefits for all students.
The Influence of Traditional Games on Improving Physical Fitness of Class VI Students at SD Negeri 70 Palembang
Authors: Oktarina Oktarina , Manullang Jujur Gunawan , Imansyah Farizal
Published: December 2024

Physical fitness is the body’s ability to carry out daily activities without feeling excessive fatigue. So, someone with good physical fitness will always have enough energy to carry out physical activities smoothly. Improving physical fitness can be helped with several games, one of which is traditional games. By providing traditional games, including GalahAsin, UcingBaledog, Jump Rope and Oray-Orayan, elementary school students could improve their physical fitness. The aim was to determine the effect of traditional games on improving the physical fitness of class VI students. This research used an experimental method using a One-Group Pretest-Posttest research design with a research population of 30 Class V students using a saturated sampling technique including 14 male and 16 female students. The research instrument that the author used was the TKJI test. With the research results, the magnitude of the effect between the pre-test and the post-test was 0.593, x 100% = 59.3%. This shows that each participant was able to show an increase of 59.3% from the pre-test results to the post-test. This means that traditional games can increase the physical fitness of each participant by 59.3%. So, it can be concluded that traditional games have an influence on the physical fitness of class VI students. So, the use of traditional games was suitable for improving the physical fitness of class VI students at State Elementary School 70 Palembang.
Improvement of Lay Up Shoot Learning Outcomes in Basketball Learning with Deer Jumping Game
Authors: Furyanti Erya , Kristina Putri Cicilia , Handayani Widya
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of using the Deer Jump game to improve Lay-Up Shoot skills in physical education lessons for seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Pagar Alam. Conducted as classroom action research, the study was implemented over two cycles, each consisting of one meeting. The research subjects were all 30 students in class VII A, which included 14 boys and 16 girls. Data collection involved multiple instruments: an observation sheet to monitor student engagement and performance, interview guidelines for gathering qualitative feedback, and field notes to record contextual observations. The data were analyzed and presented descriptively to evaluate the impact of the intervention. The findings indicate that incorporating the Deer Jump game significantly enhanced both the learning process and outcomes for Lay-Up Shoot skills. Specifically, the average student score improved from 61.2 before the intervention to 76.1 in the first cycle, and further increased to 85.03 in the second cycle. Notably, by the end of the second cycle, 88.46% of the students met or exceeded the minimum competency standard of 70, demonstrating the effectiveness of the game-based approach in achieving higher levels of student performance and skill development.
Google Scholar vs other AI search tools (Undermind, Elicit, SciSpace) - how and when to use each
Authors: Tay Aaron
Published: December 2024

Google Scholar turned 20 last month and Nature wrote a piece with the title "Can Google Scholar survive the AI revolution?" and quoted as saying This led me to think, how and when do I use Google Scholar vs other "AI search tools"?
Making the creation of before/after comparisons for OpenStreetMap more accessible
Authors: Tzovaras Bastian Greshake
Published: December 2024

If you pick dates close to each other, they also make for a great “find the differences”-puzzle.

tl;dr: One can now create before/after maps of OpenStreetMap with osm-mapping-party-before-after right in the browser, thanks to MyBinder. Just click here to launch it.

For a good 6 months now, I’ve been contributing to OpenStreetMap virtually every day.
Round Two
Authors: Apodaca Richard L.
Published: December 2024

In March 2023 I was diagnosed with glioblastoma, a form of brain cancer. According to the National Brain Tumor Society, about 15,000 Americans get the same diagnosis every year. Despite decades of research, untold millions spent, and hundreds of thousands of dead patients, the prognosis, measured in months to live, has barely budged.
Crystal Gardens
Authors: Apodaca Richard L.
Published: December 2024

My grandfather, Kenneth Orville Holloway (“Kenny”), studied physics at Willamette University from 1946 to 1949. He’d later work as an engineering assistant at Hanford Engineer Works near Richland, Washington. This factory produced the plutonium explosive used in the “Fat Man” atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki. After World War II, it produced most of the plutonium residing in the current US nuclear arsenal.
Opting out of Optune
Authors: Apodaca Richard L.
Published: December 2024

In March 2023 I was diagnosed with a form of terminal brain cancer called “glioblastoma.” The surgery to extract the tumor from my brain was considered unusually successful. Unfortunately, surgical success won’t change the fact that I’ll die from glioblastoma sooner rather than later. And it’s like this for thousands of patients in the US every year. It doesn’t matter how famous or powerful you are.
Excalidraw: create and share workflow diagrams with end-to-end encryption
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

I recently stumbled across Phil Ewels’s ~18 minute nf-core/bytesize talk on Excalidraw: For years I’ve been using draw.io for making flowcharts and diagrams for documentation, papers, presentations, and for general brainstorming and communication with my team, clients, and collaborators.1 Excalidraw (excalidraw.com) looks like an attractive alternative.
Weekly Recap (Sep 2024, part 2)
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

This week’s recap highlights Google/Deepmind’s new AlphaProteo tool for protein design, tools for protein structure alignment and analysis, biases in polygenic risk scores due to overlap and kinship, highly variable gene selection in single cell RNA-seq, and reconstruction of a 4.2 billion year old last universal common ancestor of life on Earth (spoiler alert: CRISPR-Cas is >4B years old!). Others that caught my attention include a new
DCA and Me
Authors: Apodaca Richard L.
Published: December 2024

On March 23, 2023 my life was turned upside-down and inside-out by a brain cancer diagnosis. The kind of cancer I have, glioblastoma, is terminal. You don’t “beat” this cancer, it kills you. But before it does that, it turns you into something you, your friends, and your family will not recognize and may only barely believe. This isn’t a lump like a lot of cancers.
Weekly Recap (Sep 2024, part 1)
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

This week’s recap highlights perspectives in de-extinction and patent law, systematic benchmarking of scATAC-seq methods, a 91 gigabase (!) animal genome, structural variant genotyping with long reads, cell type-specific enhancer prediction, and a perspective piece in AI in biosecurity.
Weekly Recap (Oct 2024, part 2)
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

This week’s recap highlights a new method for gene-level alignment of single-cell trajectories, an R package for integrating gene and protein identifiers across biological sequence databases, characterization of SVs across humans and apes, universal prediction of cellular phenotypes, a method to quantify cell state heritability versus plasticity and infer cell state transition with single cell data, and a new AI-driven, natural language-oriented
Weekly Recap (Sep 2024, part 3)
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

This week’s recap highlights a new tool from Wei Shen and Zamin Iqbal for efficient sequence alignment against millions of prokaryotic genomes (LexicMap), a new tool from Heng Li for efficiently constructing and querying a sequence index at scale, an R/Bioconductor package for detecting and correcting DNA contamination in RNA-seq data, a method for dating gene age using synteny, how AlphaFold predictions for some types of conformations are
Weekly Recap (Dec 2024, part 1)
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

This week’s recap highlights the WorkflowHub registry for computational workflows, building a virtual cell with AI, a review on bioinformatics methods for prioritizing causal genetic variants in candidate regions, a benchmarking study showing deep learning methods are best for variant calling in bacterial nanopore sequencing, and a new ML model from researchers at Genentech for predicting cell-type- and condition-specific gene expression across
measr 0.2.1
Authors: Thompson Jake
Published: December 2024

We’re excited to announce the release of measr 0.2.1. The goal of measr is to provide applied researchers and psychometricians with a user friendly interface for estimating and evaluating diagnostic classification models (DCMs). DCMs are a class of psychometric models that provide classification of students into profiles of proficiency on a predefined set of knowledge, skills, or understandings.
Bridge to Nowhere
Authors: Apodaca Richard L.
Published: December 2024

On March 24, 2023 I was laying in a hospital bed for the first time in my life. I’d just been told that a team was being assembled for my upcoming brain surgery. I don’t remember being asked if I wanted one. Rather, I was

told

that I would have one and that it would happen soon. The previous day I’d been shown an MRI of my brain. It revealed a tumor in my right parietal lobe.
What I'm reading (Aug 2024, part 3)
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

Here are a few papers that caught my attention recently. I summarize a few in the deep dive at the top, then link to a few other papers of note later on. Subscribe to Paired Ends to get periodic summaries like this delivered to your e-mail.
Illuminate preprints with an AI-generated podcast discussion
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

Google has a new experimental1 tool called Illuminate (

illuminate.google.com

) that takes a link to a preprint2 and creates a podcast discussing the paper. When I tested this with a few preprints, the podcasts it generated are about 6-8 minutes long, featuring a male and female voice discussing the key points of the paper in a conversational style. There are some obvious shortcomings.
Median
Authors: Apodaca Richard L.
Published: December 2024

About one year ago (March 23, 2023) life as I knew it was upended by a terminal brain cancer diagnosis. What started as trouble with balance and walking escalated into a visit to my local hospital’s emergency room.
Learning in Public
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2024

I wrote my first public blog post in 2009. I started Getting Genetics Done to share what I was learning at the end of my PhD/postdoc through my first few years as faculty. Some of the earliest posts were simple, such as how to write and run a simple Perl script, to bigger topics like why it’s usually a bad idea to categorize continuous variables in a linear model.
My Struggle for a Good Death
Authors: Apodaca Richard L.
Published: December 2024

We tend to think of death as a point in time. Before, we’re alive. After, we’re dead. In reality death is a process. Except in extreme cases, death takes time. Sometimes it takes a lot of time. During that time varying degrees of suffering occur. Multiply the duration of a death by the suffering involved, and you get a metric for the “goodness” or “badness” of a death. At one extreme are short deaths with little suffering.
Compassion & Choices
Authors: Apodaca Richard L.
Published: December 2024

In March 2023 I was diagnosed with glioblastoma, a terminal form of brain cancer. There are treatments, but they fail in all but the most exceptional cases. By early June of 2023 I had completed the standard of care, which included surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy.