bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient experiences of cardiac surgery and nursing care: a narrative review
Authors: Ball Katie , Swallow Veronica
Published: July 2016

Aim:

The aim of the Narrative Review was to explore the patient experience following cardiac surgery and nursing care.

Methodology:

A Narrative Review was used to integrate the findings of different types of evidence in order to gain an understanding of the patient's experience of cardiac surgery and nursing care. Three key databases were searched; Cumulative Index to Nursing Allied Health Literature (CINHAL), British Nursing Index (BNI) and Medline. The review involved critiquing the methodological quality of included studies, thematic analysis and synthesis of findings.

Conclusions:

Patients experience physical discomfort and pain following cardiac surgery. The psychological experience of cardiac surgery is associated with negative emotions which are mostly related to weaning from mechanical ventilation and communication difficulties. Support from family is of high importance but patients value the support from other cardiac surgery patients. No studies intended to explore the experience of nursing care following cardiac surgery. However, patient experiences of nursing care were reported across the studies.

Recommendations:

Future research should specifically explore the experience of nursing care following cardiac surgery. Current PREMs Questionnaires are a step forward in patient experience measurement for cardiac surgery; however they are limited by their feedback method. Service improvement initiatives should utilise both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods to obtain a multidimensional view of the patient experience.
An investment in health
Authors: Mucavele Patricia , Wall Claire
Published: July 2016

The forthcoming increase in early education entitlement to 30-hours per week offers unprecedented potential and a perfect opportunity to improve both wellbeing and the nation's children's eating habits.
The truth behind the rhetoric
Authors: Leitch Neil
Published: July 2016

The government's continued line of argument about increased levels of funding in the early years might sound persuasive, but you do not have to dig too deep to find out that all is not what it seems.
Waste of a good joke
Authors: Brown Paula
Published: July 2016

Poo is often a taboo subject but it is one that fascinates children. We look at why this natural bodily function holds such intrigue, how to keep on top of the ‘potty’ humour and tips for further learning.
Transanal endoscopic surgery: past, present and future
Authors: Leong Kai J , Evans John , Davies Michael M , Scott Adam , Lidder Paul
Published: July 2016

Transanal endoscopic surgery is a safe, established technique to remove lesions in the rectum via the anus. This article reviews its evolution, approaches, indications and evidence for its role in treating benign rectal polyps. The future of transanal endoscopic surgery in rectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease is also explored.
An overview of the insurance policies available in the aesthetics industry
Authors: Di-Scala Naomi
Published: July 2016

After 20 years of working in the field of medical aesthetics, Hamilton Fraser Cosmetic Insurance often finds that practitioners may not appreciate the real reason or context behind why different insurance policies need to be purchased. In this month's article, Naomi Di-Scala explains the requirement and importance of a number of different policies and provides examples of their use in practice
Navigating the minefield of medical aesthetics training opportunities
Authors: Franks Brian
Published: July 2016

When it comes to finding training for the administration of cosmetic procedures, practitioners should focus on the quality of teaching and educational content, rather than how convenient or cheap the courses are. Brian Franks, an experienced trainer in botulunum toxin and dermal filler treatments, gives aesthetic nurses his top tips for finding a course that ticks all the necessary boxes
How can aesthetic practitioners say ‘no’ to demanding patients?
Authors: Hubbard Kev
Published: July 2016

Sometimes, clients know exactly what they want and the process to treatment is straightforward. But there is no shortage of people who are either vague about what they want, or have highly unrealistic expectations. Kev Hubbard offers some suggestions of how to say yes ethically in such situations and how you can make your communications with existing and new clients both honest and profitable
Flippin’ education: a new pedagogy for paramedic students?
Authors: Phillips Peter
Published: July 2016

This article presents a case study in which the author piloted the flipped classroom on a cohort of paramedic science students at a UK higher education institution. The flipped classroom will be explained alongside the rationale for considering it as a good pedagogical addition for paramedic students. As a new pedagogy, the flipped classroom will be considered against what is currently known about learning theories and teaching styles. There are potential drawbacks to this method of teaching and learning and these will be discussed, as will suggestions to mitigate these drawbacks. Finally, the impact upon the students will be considered and the author will comment on the pilot and what this means for paramedic education in the future.
Exploring a possible incidence of neurogenic pulmonary oedema
Authors: Valenti Poppy
Published: July 2016

The article highlights a possible occurrence of neurogenic pulmonary oedema (NPO), describing the current theories of its aetiology within the context of widespread central nervous system (CNS) disorders, with a particular focus on those most commonly associated with NPO and sudden unexpected deaths. Due to its often rapid onset, paramedics may be the first medical professionals exposed to the condition when assessing a patient, yet the prevalence of under-recognition and/or anticipation of NPO, the lack of understanding of its aetiology, and the ambiguities in relation to differential diagnoses may delay or prohibit treatment. It is recommended, therefore, that consideration of NPO is incorporated into standard clinical CNS assessment and subsequent airway management decisions. Potential paramedic pharmacological interventions are discussed, although currently not indicated for use in NPO.
Encouraging patients to eat well: The new Eatwell Guide
Authors: Clark Jade
Published: July 2016

A healthy diet is important for all patients. Jade Clark provides an overview of the new Eatwell Guide, which aims to help people to have a healthy, balanced diet, and, in turn, a healthier lifestyle
Learning the tricks of the teaching trade…
Authors: Bromley Matt
Published: July 2016

Teacher training is just like training your puppy. Before you get offended, Matt Bromley explains why he draws this comparison and offers some vital lessons and advice to help NQTs thrive when they begin their second year in September
Effective differentiation and inclusion
Authors: Freeman Garry
Published: July 2016

Inclusion and SEN expert Garry Freeman offers new teachers advice on achieving effective differentiation in their classroom
Pupils on what makes for effective teaching
Authors: Harris Sean
Published: July 2016

If you're a new teacher, you will receive a wealth of advice from various experts – but what do the students themselves think? School leader Sean Harris asked some of his students to offer their view on what makes their lessons effective, and then signposts NQTs to further reading and ideas
Routes of early enteral nutrition following oesophagectomy
Authors: Elshaer M , Gravante G , White J , Livingstone J , Riaz A , Al-Bahrani A
Published: July 2016

Introduction

Oesophagectomy for cancer is a challenging procedure with a five-year overall survival rate of 15-20%. Early enteral nutrition following oesophagectomy is a crucial component of the postoperative recovery and carries a significant impact on the outcome. Different methods of enteral feeding were conducted in our unit. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of nasojejunal tube (NJT), jejunostomy tube (JT) and pharyngostomy tube (PT) feeding after oesophagectomy.

Methods

A retrospective review was carried out of prospectively collected data on patients with oesophageal cancer who underwent an oesophagectomy between 2011 and 2014. The primary outcome was feeding tube related complications such as occlusion, dislocation and leak. The secondary outcomes were length of stay and 30-day morbidity.

Results

A total of 90 oesophagectomies were included in the study. A NJT was inserted in 41 patients (45.6%), a JT was used in 14 patients (15.5%) and a PT was the route for enteral nutrition in 35 patients (38.9%). In total, five patients (5.5%) developed tube related complications. There were no tube related complications in the NJT group but one JT patient (7.1%) developed tube related cellulitis (p=0.189) and four PT patients (11.4%) developed tube related haemorrhage (p=0.544), tube dislocation (p=0.544) or cellulitis (p=0.189). The median length of stay and 30-day postoperative morbidity were similar between the groups.

Conclusions

NJT feeding is a less invasive, feasible route for early enteral nutrition following oesophagectomy. A randomised controlled trial is recommended to verify these findings.
Hemilaminectomy for large spinal extradural meningeal cysts: A case report and review of surgical techniques
Authors: Lim M-S , Khalil A , Okafo U , Dunlea O , Kaar G
Published: July 2016

Spinal extradural meningeal cysts (SEMC) are uncommon causes of back pain. The literature contains only case reports of this pathology, and treatment remains controversial due to its rarity. We present a case of SEMC and describe an approach via hemilaminectomy, with the choice of side guided by radiological imaging, followed by complete excision of the cyst and repair of the underlying dural defect.
Immunogenicity Assessment of Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonists in the Clinical Laboratory
Authors: Lázár-Molnár Eszter , Delgado Julio C
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists are increasingly used for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Immunogenicity of these drugs poses therapeutic challenges such as therapeutic failure and adverse effects in a number of patients. Evaluation of clinical nonresponsiveness includes laboratory testing for drug concentrations and detecting the presence of antidrug antibodies.

CONTENT

This review provides an overview of the immunogenicity of TNF antagonists and testing methodologies currently available for measuring antidrug antibody response, which decreases treatment efficacy and may result in therapeutic failure. This review summarizes methodologies such as binding assays, including ELISA and HPLC-based homogenous mobility shift assay, as well as functional cell-based assays such as reporter gene assay. Furthermore, based on the laboratory findings of testing for antidrug antibody response, as well as serum drug concentrations, an algorithm is provided for interpretation, based on the current available literature and guidelines, which may aid in determining optimal therapy after treatment failure.

Laboratory testing methodologies for measuring serum concentrations of TNF inhibitors and antidrug antibodies are clinically available. These methods provide an evidence-based, personalized approach for the workup of patients showing treatment failure, which saves time and resources, and contributes to improved patient care.
La reapertura de radiotelevisión valenciana. De la manipulación al servicio público
Authors: López-Rico Carmen María
Published: July 2016

La próxima reapertura de la radiotelevisión valenciana, teniendo en cuenta el fracaso en la gestión de RTVV durante años, suscita interrogantes sobre cómo se está desarrollando el proceso de creación del nuevo ente público. Cuáles son las medidas que se están llevando a cabo para garantizar la independencia política de la nueva corporación y evitar los errores del pasado. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en comparar los mecanismos y herramientas con los que contaba RTVV y con los que se dotará al nuevo ente, ya que a priori marcarán la diferencia entre ambos. En este sentido, la investigación se fundamenta en el análisis de contenido de la legislación tanto de RTVV como de la futura Corporación Valenciana de Medios de Comunicación, teniendo como referencia el informe de expertos Bases per a la renovació de l’espai comunicatiu valencià i la restitució del servei públic de radiotelevisió. Finalmente, se ha podido concluir que algunas herramientas de autorregulación interna propuestas hoy, ya formaban parte de la antigua RTVV. Estos organismos no cumplieron su cometido debido a la politización de los mismos, que en definitiva fue la principal causa de su declive. No obstante, también existieron carencias en cuanto a regulación externa, y que en esta nueva etapa se están incluyendo para aumentar las garantías de independencia y cumplimiento deontológico profesional.
DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS: O PRINCÍPIO DA VEDAÇÃO DO RETROCESSO E A PERDA DA SOBERANIA NACIONAL
Authors: Dos Reis Martins Rosemiro
Published: July 2016

Este artigo versa sobre o aparente conflito entre a soberania nacional e o princípio da vedação do retrocesso, principalmente em momentos de crise econômica e social. Tendo como referência a crise enfrentada recentemente pelos países europeus, principalmente Grécia e Espanha, é analisado se o princípio da vedação do retrocesso poderia impedir a adoção de medidas legais e constitucionais destinadas à redução de direitos fundamentais pelos países em crise, sobretudo os direitos sociais. Para tanto se estuda os elementos constitutivos do Estado, o conceito de soberania e o conceito e natureza do poder constituinte, principalmente o originário, afirmando-se sua relevância como instrumento de defesa da soberania frente aos tratados e convenções internacionais. Também se diferenciam os conceitos de direitos do homem, direitos humanos e direitos fundamentais, em relação a sua positividade, exigibilidade, origem e hierarquia, o que leva ao estudo do controle de convencionalidade e à discussão quanto à existência de hierarquia entre as normas elaboradas internamente e aquelas elaboradas em sede de tratados e convenções internacionais.
O ALCANCE DA JURISDIÇÃO DO TRIBUNAL PENAL INTERNACIONAL EM FACE DAS IMUNIDADES DOS CHEFES DE ESTADO: UMA ABORDAGEM À LUZ DO CASO SUDÃO
Authors: Urquhart Cademartori Luiz Henrique , Santos Schramm Fernanda
Published: July 2016

O artigo propõe-se a analisar as controvérsias envolvidas no mandado de prisão expedido pelo TPI em face do presidente sudanês, Omar Al Bashir, tendo em vista a tradicional imunidade conferida aos Chefes de Estado e o fato de que o Sudão não ratificou o Estatuto de Roma. Para isso, utiliza-se o método de abordagem dedutivo, analisando, incialmente, as implicações decorrentes da Resolução nº 1593 do Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas e a possibilidade de ampliação de competência na jurisdição do TPI. Posteriormente, propõe-se uma avaliação acerca da força coercitiva que a determinação exerce sobre os países do sistema internacional. Por fim, constata-se que o Sudão e os países-membro do TPI encontram-se obrigados a cooperar com o Tribunal, enquanto os países não-signatários e, sobretudo, os Estados Unidos enquanto sede da ONU, não estariam autorizados a violar as imunidades tradicionalmente conferidas aos Chefes de Estado.
A TRANSAÇÃO PENAL À LUZ DA HERMENEUTICA CONSTITUCIONAL E PROCESSUAL PENAL
Authors: Das Chagas Cleverton Paulo , Smolarek Dias Bruno
Published: July 2016

Por esta pesquisa bibliográfica e empírica, buscar-se-á analisar, sob o aspecto histórico e dialético, o instituto despenalizante da transação penal, importante inovação trazida pelo legislador na lei dos Juizados Especiais Criminais, Lei 9099/95, numa tentativa de desburocratizar e tornar mais célere os procedimentos criminais. O ponto central da discussão estará no aspecto da constitucionalidade de tal instituto, o qual sofreu e vem sofrendo diversas críticas no mundo doutrinário, no que pese, segundo alguns, impor uma pena ao sujeito tratado como autor do fato sem nem ao menos ter previamente instaurado o processo ou lhe dado direito de defesa, caracterizando, assim, patente e manifesta violação aos princípios constitucionais e processuais penais do devido processo legal, da presunção de inocência, do contraditório e da ampla defesa. Analisar-se-á aspectos e argumentos trazidos pela jurisdição, doutrina e legislação vigente, procurando construir um raciocínio concreto e claro acerca do tema proposto, bem como uma conclusão que atenda aos objetivos a que o presente trabalho se propõe.
DECISÃO JUDICIAL DEMOCRÁTICA: O CAMINHO ENTRE O DEVER FUNDAMENTAL À FUNDAMENTAÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA E O DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL À RESPOSTA CONSTITUCIONALMENTE ADEQUADA OU HERMENEUTICAMENTE DESVELADA
Authors: Boscatto Muriele de Conto , Mosena Maurício
Published: July 2016

O presente estudo revela a preocupação com a temática da “decisão judicial democrática”, a qual pressupõe o reconhecimento prévio, em atenção aos requisitos de validade do ato, no âmbito do Estado Democrático de Direito, dos dever fundamental à fundamentação democrática e direito fundamental à resposta constitucionalmente adequada. A teoria dos direitos fundamentais confere a nota de fundamentalidade a estes deveres e direitos fundamentais, dando a normatividade necessária às respectivas aplicações. Já a Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito revela o como se implementa e se realiza estes dever e direitos fundamentais, que representam face de uma mesma moeda, na superação do voluntarismo na decisão, próprio do subjetivismo do sujeito que assujeita o objeto – ou que decide conforme a sua consciência. A fundamentação democrática conduz à resposta constitucionalmente adequada.
NORMA, GÊNERO E REPRESENTATIVIDADE: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DO PENSAMENTO DE JUDITH BUTLER
Authors: De Oliveira Morais Ricardo Manoel
Published: July 2016

O artigo tem por objetivo compreender o gênero como norma a partir do pensamento de Judith Butler, valendo-se de um levantamento bibliográfico e de considerações teóricas acerca do tema. Para tanto, será examinada a noção de sujeito que, ao ser absolutizada, violenta certas singularidades que não se assujeitam a esta homogeneidade constituída. Tal noção de sujeito, ao assumir status de hegemonia, torna-se um paradigma que os indivíduos devem seguir, assujeitando-os por meio de práticas normalizadoras pautadas em discursos científicos. Neste sentido, o gênero será examinado como uma norma que gera uma série de práticas normalizadoras. Ainda, será investigado como as práticas normalizadoras funcionam como condição de possibilidade para que seja conferida representatividade a certos “sujeitos” homogeneamente definidos, cujo exterior permanece sem qualquer representação. Nas considerações finais, serão apontados alguns elementos relativos à resistência a este modelo normalizador instaurado pelos discursos de norma, partindo da proposta foucaultiana.
O Assédio Moral e seu Impacto no Desenvolvimento Organizacional
Authors: Feitosa Aline Tahise Oliveira do Amaral , Quevedo Andressa Pacífico Franco
Published: July 2016

O presente trabalho contém uma análise do impacto do assédio moral no desenvolvimento das organizações, considerando a importância dos indivíduos em seu processo produtivo, na qual o assédio moral atua como um inibidor, desta forma, fez-se necessário estudar e explorar este tema pertinente nos dias atuais, que é um problema ameaçador que nasce, se fortalece e se dissemina no ambiente laboral, e trabalha silenciosamente como um sabotador dos interesses da organização, infiltrando-se em sua principal modeladora comportamental, comprometendo o seu processo de desenvolvimento. A pesquisa tipifica-se como bibliográfica e exploratória, pois permitiu-nos conhecer os temas em questão sob a perspectiva de diferentes autores e situações com o objetivo de analisar o impacto que o assédio moral tem no desenvolvimento organizacional, deste modo, discutiu-se, sobre: Assédio moral, estresse no trabalho, higiene do trabalho e cultura organizacional, o que permitiu descobrir que o assédio moral quando presente no contexto organizacional impacta negativamente o seu processo produtivo.
Política de Assistência Estudantil praticada pela Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco – UNIVASF
Authors: Resende Amália Xavier , Caffé Filho Hesler Piedade , Omaki Eduardo Tadayoshi
Published: July 2016

O presente trabalho pretende demonstrar as ações da Política Pública de Assistência Estudantil - PPAE da Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, num cenário em que a educação superior no Brasil tem passado por várias transformações significativas ao longo dos anos e vem galgando conquistas ainda tímidas no que se refere ao ideal atendimento das necessidades dos estudantes, principalmente dos que estão em situação de alta vulnerabilidade socioeconômica.
Gramática no Ensino Fundamental: Por uma Pedagogia da reflexão
Authors: Nunes Ginete Cavalcante , Luz Maria Aparecida Carvalho Alencar
Published: July 2016

Este trabalho objetiva apresentar algumas considerações a respeito do trabalho com a gramática no Ensino Fundamental, acerca da importância do ensino da gramática reflexiva, bem como a significância da sistematização desse ensino no Ensino Fundamental. Objetivamos ainda apresentar algumas considerações sobre o trabalho com gramática no Ensino Fundamental. Para discorrer sobre o tema, utilizou-se como base teórica, os trabalhos de Geraldi (1991), Possenti (1996), Travaglia (2008), entre outros. Sendo assim, este estudo também busca refletir sobre a importância do ensino sistematizado e diferenciado de gramática no Ensino fundamental à partir de gêneros textuais, para a promoção de um processo bem elaborado de ensino e aprendizagem. Ensino de Gramática; texto; reflexão.
A SUPERINTEGRABLE MODEL WITH REFLECTIONS ON S^3 AND THE RANK TWO BANNAI-ITO ALGEBRA
Authors: De Bie Hendrik , Genest Vincent Xavier , Lemay Jean-Michel , Vinet Luc
Published: July 2016

A quantum superintegrable model with reflections on the three-sphere is presented. Its symmetry algebra is identified with the rank-two Bannai-Ito algebra. It is shown that the Hamiltonian of the system can be constructed from the tensor product of four representations of the superalgebra osp(1|2) and that the superintegrability is naturally understood in that setting. The exact separated solutions are obtained through the Fischer decomposition and a Cauchy-Kovalevskaia extension theorem.
ON CUBATURE RULES ASSOCIATED TO WEYL GROUP ORBIT FUNCTIONS
Authors: Háková Lenka , Hrivnák Jiří , Motlochová Lenka
Published: July 2016

The aim of this article is to describe several cubature formulas related to the Weyl group orbit functions, i.e. to the special cases of the Jacobi polynomials associated to root systems. The diagram containing the relations among the special functions associated to the Weyl group orbit functions is presented and the link between the Weyl group orbit functions and the Jacobi polynomials is explicitly derived in full generality. The four cubature rules corresponding to these polynomials are summarized for all simple Lie algebras and their properties simultaneously tested on model functions. The Clenshaw-Curtis method is used to obtain additional formulas connected with the simple Lie algebra C2.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL HYBRIDS WITH MIXED BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS
Authors: Szajewska Marzena , Tereszkiewicz Agnieszka
Published: July 2016

Boundary value problems are considered on a simplex F in the real Euclidean space R2. The recent discovery of new families of special functions, orthogonal on F, makes it possible to consider not only the Dirichlet or Neumann boundary value problems on F, but also the mixed boundary value problem which is a mixture of Dirichlet and Neumann type, ie. on some parts of the boundary of F a Dirichlet condition is fulfilled and on the other Neumann’s works.
INDICE
Authors: - -
Published: July 2016

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Experiencia jurídica experiencia de aprendizaje : acercamientos pedagógicos para generar aprendizajes significativos en derecho.
Authors: Solórzano Alfaro Norman José
Published: July 2016

Estas breves notas pretenden ser un acercamiento al problema pedagógico en el derecho, motivado por la pregunta sobre por qué, si el derecho está en íntima y profunda vinculación con la vida, en muchas oportunidades su realización aparece como un signo de sujeción, agresión y anulación de la vida. Esto lleva a explorar un cambio en la forma de hacer las preguntas y ensayar respuestas, sobre la base de que no basta la crítica a la imaginación jurídica, sino que se debe avanzar y ubicar esa imaginación en su proceso de reproducción y, por tanto, en el hecho pedagógico de la reproducción de la cultura jurídica.
El cálculo de las acciones.
Authors: Agudelo Giraldo Óscar Alexis
Published: July 2016

Puesto que los sistemas jurídicos-normativos están dados como esquemas para la interpretación de conductas, requieren criterios para individualizar y describir acciones, considerando que la teoría de la acción opera como noción central de la teoría de las normas. 

De esta manera se plantea la explicación por subsunción de las acciones, las propiedades calificativas de los actos o acciones individuales como extensión del verbo, de la habilidad y capacidad del agente como requisito para lograr la satisfacción normativa de los distintos sistemas de Derecho y el modelo de descripción de las acciones por parte de los unificadores y los multiplicadores.
La política pública de acceso a la educación superior para los estratos socioeconómicos bajos.
Authors: Cárdenas García Marcos Alexander
Published: July 2016

Se presentan los preliminares y una división de capítulos donde se desarrolla el tema. Empieza con las categorías teórico-metodológicas utilizadas para el análisis de las políticas, continúa con una caracterización de la política pública de acceso a la educación superior en Colombia y se enuncian los campos y las condiciones de acceso a la educación superior según el marco normativo.En este trabajo se propuso examinar la trayectoria de la política pública actual que se ha formulado e implementado respecto al acceso de los estratos socio-económicos bajos a la educación superior.
Obligaciones internacionales del estado colombiano frente al desplazamiento forzado de poblaciones.
Authors: Daza González Alfonso
Published: July 2016

En este artículo se analizan las obligaciones internacionales del Estado colombiano en relación con el desplazamiento forzado de poblaciones, en el marco del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos. Tales obligaciones se sintetizan en los deberes de respeto y de garantía, en las obligaciones positivas de adecuación normativa y de investigación y en las obligaciones internacionales negativas.Para el efecto, se revisará el período comprendido entre 1945 y 2013.
La noción del servicio público y el estado social de derecho : el caso colombiano.
Authors: Echeverri Uruburu Álvaro
Published: July 2016

El presente artículo analiza la noción de servicio público como un elemento constitutivo del Estado social de Derecho, función que es contrastada con las políticas de la prestación de dichos servicios en el marco de la mal llamada corriente "neoliberal". De la misma manera, se estudia la solución brindada por la Constitución de 1991, que pretende armonizar la prestación de estos en el contexto de la economía de mercado y, al mismo tiempo, cumplir con los fines esenciales del Estado social de Derecho. Asimismo, se analizarán los resultados concretos para el caso de algunos servicios públicos de este proyecto de armonización.
La protección del ambiente como límite al derecho de propiedad en Italia.
Authors: Tovani Flavio
Published: July 2016

Con el fin de proteger el ambiente se pueden establecer varias limitaciones específicas a la propiedad privada. El principio constitucional de la "función social" de la propiedad permite definir un límite de carácter general a las posibilidades de uso del bien por el propietario y, en particular, a la posibilidad de que el mismo haga inmisiones industriales en el fundo del vecino. Este artículo pretende brindar una hipótesis sobre el uso de la propiedad para asegurar la protección del ambiente, todo esto en el marco del código civil italiano, en especial a lo que hace referencia al régimen de uso de suelo y la constitución republicana.
Dos dilemas judiciales en Ronald Dworkin.
Authors: Agudelo Giraldo Óscar Alexis
Published: July 2016

Desde disciplinas jurídicas contemporáneas como la teoría de la argumentación jurídica sobresale el trato de los denominados casos difíciles como asunto de metodología. Así, tras afrontar nociones formalistas y antiformalistas del Derecho, la tradición jurídica de Occidente no ha logrado responder de manera unívoca a la solución de los casos difíciles. En la práctica del Derecho sobresalen por su complejidad casos constitucionales difíciles, cuyo tratamiento no estriba en el procedimiento mecanicista de la decisión judicial, frente a lo que sobresalen disciplinas auxiliares como la Tópica Jurídica, de Viehweg y el uso de los razonamientos dialécticos ante a los casos constitucionales difíciles. Como lo pensó Dworkin, lo anterior supone que persiste una actividad filosófica en la función judicial, al menos respecto a la solución de los casos difíciles.
A presunção de violência nos delitos sexuais com vítimas menores de idade.
Authors: Sauer Jacob
Published: July 2016

O presente trabalho objetiva analisar a presunção de violência no caso de relações sexuais com menores de idade, com consentimento destes. No Brasil, é antiga a discussão sobre se dita presunção seria relativa e admite-se, assim, prova em sentido contrário, ou absoluta, o que não permite discussão a respeito da validade do consentimento do menor de idade.Destarte, após breve análise da tutela penal da liberdade sexual e do atual panorama legislativo brasileiro, serão analisadas as razões de cada uma das orientações vigentes, procurando-se destacar, ao final, a importância da discussão para as políticas de repressão à exploração sexual infantil.
La moralidad como base para el proceso de axiomatización.
Authors: Prieto Salas Manuel Asdrúbal
Published: July 2016

El proceso de axiomatización de conductas humanas mediante el establecimiento de leyes restrictivas puede ser ilustrado por medio de la teoría de la construcción de posiciones morales válidas desarrolladas por Ronald Dworkin; en ella es evidente la presencia de elementos de coherencia entre el sistema de creencias humanas. Estos elementos bien estructurados cimentan una moral válida que, junto con otras de común acuerdo, pueden prohibir conductas que atenten contra la colectividad.La finalidad del artículo es desvirtuar los postulados defendidos por el positivismo ideológico, el cual rechaza de manera tajante la influencia de la moral pública dentro de un sistema jurídico; para alcanzar dicho fin, es menester elucidar el vínculo entre la moral pública convencional y el sistema normativo como un pacto indisoluble. Mediante este acuerdo, los miembros de una sociedad proscriben conductas específicas, calificables bajo el rótulo de inmorales. Aunque a simple vista es una hipótesis plausible, se complejiza cuando tratamos de aplicarla a una sociedad moderna caracterizada por la pluriculturalidad.
La utilidad práctica de la teoría relacional de Pierre Bourdieu en la investigación sociojurídica.
Authors: Cuéllar Vázquez Angélica
Published: July 2016

En este texto se pretende ofrecer una propuesta para el uso de los conceptos de la teoría relacional del sociólogo francés Pierre Bourdieu en la investigación sociojurídica. Estas nociones son el habitus (esquemas de interpretación), campo y capital. Para lograr ese objetivo, se hará una revisión sucinta de ellas y después se expondrá su utilidad práctica en una investigación empírica que versa sobre el cambio en el modelo de justicia en México: el tránsito del sistema inquisitivo al acusatorio-oral, concretamente en la ciudad de Cuernavaca en el estado de Morelos. Por razones de espacio, solo se desarrollarán dos temas de análisis de las prácticas de los jueces: la construcción de la verdad jurídica y las nuevas y viejas prácticas, el llamado sistema ?tradicio-oral?.
Justicia y objeción de conciencia.
Authors: Hincapié Cetina Diana Marcela , Mejía Quintana Oscar
Published: July 2016

El ejercicio de la objeción de conciencia en Colombia, como negativa de los profesionales de la Medicina a cumplir con la obligación de practicar un aborto (procedimiento terapéutico conocido como interrupción voluntaria del embarazo, IVE), en los tres casos despenalizados por la Corte Constitucional en el año 2006, fue tratado como un asunto menor por el máximo Tribunal Constitucional y por las autoridades administrativas, legislativas y demás judiciales. Mediante una reconstrucción de la dogmática sobre la objeción de conciencia, que evidencia los fallidos intentos de regulación o reglamentación, se pretende argumentar una propuesta de autorregulación de la profesión médica, por medio de sus organizaciones profesionales, fundamentada en las teorías de filósofos como Rawls, Habermas y Fraser. Se ofrece un enfoque deliberativo y en clave de discurso de contrapúblicos, que posibilite el goce efectivo del derecho a la objeción de conciencia.
Teoría del derecho neoconstitucionalismo y modelo de estado constitucional en el contexto colombiano.
Authors: Velasco Cano Nicole , Vladimir Llano Jairo
Published: July 2016

El modelo de Estado constitucional y democrático de Derecho se soporta en la teoría neoconstitucionalista y desarrolla elementos particulares y característicos que proponen innovadoras ideas frente a la estructura estatal, entre ellos, la supremacía constitucional, el control de constitucionalidad, la protección y garantía de los derechos y el papel activo del juez como creador de Derecho. En el contexto colombiano, no ha alcanzado sus pretensiones, ya que este modelo fue trasplantado de Europa y, por lo tanto, la realidad sociojurídica es diferente; esto deriva consecuencias negativas en su implementación. En este artículo también se reflexionará sobre las propuestas teóricas que se han desarrollado como crítica a los postulados del neoconstitucionalismo: el constitucionalismo popular como una propuesta teórica proveniente de Estados Unidos y el nuevo constitucionalismo que está consolidándose en América Latina. Estas dos propuestas tienen como eje un mayor activismo por parte de los sectores sociales y el control de constitucionalidad ejercido por la ciudadanía.
Derecho injusto : fórmula de universalización y derechos humanos.
Authors: Agudelo Giraldo Óscar Alexis , Galán Astrid Rocío
Published: July 2016

En virtud de sus condiciones de aplicabilidad, las normas de los sistemas jurídicos pueden ser tildadas, como inválidas o no vigentes. Por otro lado, el calificativo injusto para las normas, los sistemas jurídicos y políticos se ha vuelto un elemento de calificación externa, pues, dada la potencial ambigüedad del término "justicia", se evitó su uso para no incurrir en subjetivismos, debido a los principios de legalidad y seguridad jurídica. Sin embargo, la historia de los sistemas jurídicos, apegados a una cultura política y jurídica, ha demostrado la existencia de regulaciones jurídicas en extremo injustas. Con una metodología analítica, sintética y pragmática, desde el tipo de investigación que amerita la Filosofía del Derecho, se analizará la fórmula del Derecho extremadamente injusto y se examinará la forma de generalizarla a partir de la pretensión de universalidad de los derechos humanos.
The Ni-Al-Hf Multiphase Diffusion
Authors: Romanowska J. , Wierzba B. , Markowski J. , Zagula-Yavorska M. , Sieniawski J.
Published: July 2016

The generalized Darken method was applied to simulate the diffusion between γ-Ni| γ’-Ni3Al and γ’-Ni3Al|β-NiAl interfaces. The results of calculations were compared with the experimental concentration’s profiles of nickel, aluminum and hafnium in aluminide and hafnium doped aluminide coatings deposited by the CVD and PVD methods on pure nickel. The method deals with the Wagner’s integral diffusion coefficients and thermodynamic data - activities of components. The experimental results agree with the simulated ones.
Modelling Methods of Magnetohydrodynamic Phenomena Occurring in a Channel of the Device Used to Wash Out the Spent Automotive Catalyst by a Liquid Metal
Authors: Fornalczyk A. , Przylucki R. , Golak S. , Willner J.
Published: July 2016

The recovery of precious metals is necessary for environmental and economic reasons. Spent catalysts from automotive industry containing precious metals are very attractive recyclable material as the devices have to be periodically renovated and eventually replaced. This paper presents the method of removing platinum from the spent catalytic converters applying lead as a collector metal in a device used to wash out by using mangetohydrodynamic stirrer. The article includes the description of the methods used for modeling of magnetohydrodynamic phenomena (coupled analysis of the electromagnetic, temperature and flow fields) occurring in this particular device. The paper describes the general phenomena and ways of coupling the various physical fields for this type of calculation. The basic computational techniques with a discussion of their advantages and disadvantages are presented.
Influence of Mg Addition on Crystallisation Kinetics and Structure of the Zn-Al-Cu Alloy
Authors: Krupiński M. , Labisz K. , Tański T. , Krupińska B. , Król M. , Polok-Rubiniec M.
Published: July 2016

In this work the effect of Mg addition on structure as well as kinetics of crystallisation of Zn-Al-Cu cast alloy was presented. To the zinc alloy was added 0.1% mass of Mg. The alloy was cast into a metal mould. Thermo-derivative analysis was performed using the UMSA platform (Universal Metallurgical Simulator and Analyzer). The investigated alloys were freely cooled down with a rate of 0.1°C s-1. For the structure analysis were used results obtained using light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy.
Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Cerium-Dysprosium Oxide
Authors: Mikuśkiewicz M. , Stopyra M. , Moskal G.
Published: July 2016

The paper presents results of investigation on synthesis and characterization of cerium-dysprosium oxide. The input powders - dysprosium oxide Dy2O3 and cerium oxide CeO2 - were mixed so as to obtain equimolar ratio of cations, milled in alcohol and synthesized via solid state reaction process at 1350°C under 15MPa in vacuum for 2h. The microstructure, phase composition and thermal properties were analyzed. The obtained material was multiphase. Non-stoichiometric compounds were identified. Thermal diffusivity of investigated material decreased in the temperature range of 25-1000°C from 0,71 to 0,45 mm2/s.
Assessment of Service Life of HCM12 Steel After 100 000 Hrs of Service
Authors: Zieliński A. , Paszkowska H. , Skupień P. , Golański G.
Published: July 2016

The subject of the research was a material in the form of a ϕ38×4 pipe from HCM12 steel used for steam superheater coils in power boilers with supercritical and ultra-supercritical steam parameters. This article presents results of investigations of mechanical properties and microstructure of material of the examined tube in the as-received condition and after 100,000 h service at 585°C under creep conditions. Creep tests were carried out for the material after 100,000 h service to determine the disposable residual life. The impact of changes in mechanical properties and degradation of the microstructure on the loss of creep resistance compared to the as-received condition was assessed. The investigations have revealed that the examined steel after 100,000 h service meets the requirements for this steel in the as-received condition with regard to strength properties at room and elevated temperature. The creep tests have revealed a significant loss of creep resistance, which was estimated at around 60-70% compared to the as-received condition.
Budget and Tax Legislation of the Russian Federation: Consequences of Contradictions for Sub-Federal Budgets
Authors: Paul Aleksei , Soloveva Natalia
Published: July 2016

The paper discusses contradictions between budget and tax legislation of the Russian Federation that lead to the problems of revenue administration for sub-federal public entities (subjects of the Russian Federation and municipalities). Authors analyze different aspects of interaction between budget and tax legislation and make suggestions for improving status of sub-federal authorities in the area of budget and tax legal regulations.
Introduction to Hybrid Public Private-Partnerships in Poland
Authors: Cieślak Rafał , Marczewska Beata
Published: July 2016

Public-private partnership (PPP) is an alternative form of delivering public services by the private sector. The concept of hybrid PPPs developed by the European Commission puts emphasis on integration of the EU funding with the commercial financing supported by private investors. The Commission has introduced a number of advantages of so-called “blended” projects, and among them are: the opportunity to implement undertakings which otherwise would not be exclusively financed by commercial sources or reducing financial risk of projects. Hybrid PPPs demand respect for basic EU principles such as open market access, state aid regulations, protection of public interest and defining the optimal level of subsidization. In Poland PPP has been developing since 2009 when the legislation on PPP and concessions entered into force. The Polish legal framework allows the formation of hybrid PPPs according to the EU concept. Hybrid projects may be realized in a different variants, defining private partner’s role as a beneficiary or operator of the co-financed infrastructure, or mixed types of his engagement in projects.
Diskurse, Kompetenzen, Darstellunge
Authors: Hirschauer Stefan
Published: July 2016

Der Beitrag skizziert drei Optionen einer konzeptuellen Verknüpfung von Körper und Wissen. Sie sind mit den Begriffen Diskurs, Kompetenz und Darstellung verbunden und betrachten das Wissen als etwas, das man über den Körper „haben“ kann, etwas, das im Körper „sitzt“, oder als etwas, das über Körper zirkuliert. Diskurse stehen für die Wissensabhängigkeit von Körpern, Kompetenzen für ihre praktische Wissensträgerschaft und Darstellungen dafür, dass Körper Wissen visuell kommunizieren: Menschliches Verhalten ist jene Form kultureller Selbstrepräsentation, die sich durch Körper artikuliert – und nicht durch Erzählungen, Texte oder technische Bilder.
Reports of a Possible Causal Link between Brain, Head, and Neck Tumors and Radiation Exposure during Coronary Interventional Procedures: A Sobering Look at the Data
Authors: Reeves Ryan R. , Mahmud Ehtisham
Published: July 2016

Radiation exposure is a hazard for patients and physicians during fluoroscopically-guided procedures. Invasive cardiologists are exposed to high levels of scatter radiation and both increasing procedural complexity and higher operator volumes contribute to exposure above recommended thresholds. Standard shielding does not offer sufficient protection to the head and neck region and the potential for negative biological, subclinical, and clinical effects exists. Large population studies suggest that cranial exposure to low dose radiation increases the risks of tumor development. In addition, modest doses of therapeutic cranial radiation have been linked with the development of brain cancer. Although a causal association between scatter radiation in the cath lab and brain cancer does not currently exist, given the known detrimental effects of radiation exposure to the head and neck region support a focus on potential methods of protection for both the patient and the operator.
Current Considerations of Thrombectomy for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed N. , Elgendy Islam Y. , Bavry Anthony A.
Published: July 2016

Management of thrombus in coronary lesions remains a challenge that is frequently encountered during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and is usually associated with poor clinical outcomes. At the same time, the optimum management of such lesions remains a dilemma. Multiple thrombus removal procedures have emerged with the short-term aim of improving myocardial perfusion and a longer-term aim of decreasing the incidence of both major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and all-cause mortality. In this review, we will highlight the main procedures utilized for thrombus removal during primary PCI for STEMI, with particular emphasis on aspiration thrombectomy. We will also approach possible theories that might explain the apparent lack of clinical benefit recently shown with such procedures.
Emergency Department-Based Care Transitions for Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abraham Joanna , Kannampallil Thomas , Caskey Rachel N. , Kitsiou Spyros
Published: July 2016

CONTEXT:

Successful care transitions between emergency departments (EDs) and outpatient settings have implications for quality, safety, and cost of care.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the effectiveness of ED-based care transition interventions in achieving outpatient follow-up among pediatric patients.

DATA SOURCES:

Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, trial registers, and reference lists of relevant articles.

STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION:

Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials of ED-based care transition interventions involving pediatric patients (aged ≤18 years). Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed in duplicate and independent manner. Study results were pooled for meta-analysis by using a random effects model.

RESULTS:

Sixteen randomized controlled trials, comprising 3760 patients, were included in the study. Most interventions were single-site (n = 14), multicomponent (n = 12), and focused on patients with asthma (n = 8). Pooling data from 10 studies (n = 1965 patients) found moderate-quality evidence for a relative increase of 29% in outpatient follow-up with interventions compared with routine care (odds ratio, 1.58 [95% confidence interval, 1.08–2.31]). Successful interventions included structured telephone reminders, educational counseling on follow-up, and appointment scheduling assistance. There was low-quality evidence when pooling data from 5 studies (n = 1609 participants) that exhibited little or no beneficial effect of interventions on ED readmissions (risk ratio, 1.02 [95% confidence interval, 0.91–1.15]).

LIMITATIONS:

All studies were conducted in urban US hospitals which makes generalization of the results to rural settings and other countries difficult.

CONCLUSIONS:

ED-based care transition interventions are effective in increasing follow-up but do not seem to reduce ED readmissions. Further research is required to investigate the mechanisms that affect the success of these interventions.
Improving 10th Graders’ English Communicative Competence Through the Implementation of the Task-Based Learning Approach
Authors: Buitrago Campo Ana Carolina
Published: July 2016

This article reports the results of an action-research project focused on improving students’ communicative competence in English through the task-based learning approach. This study was conducted in a co-educational public school in Medellín (Colombia) with thirty-four tenth graders. Actions implemented include the development of a series of tasks and the definition of four thematic units consistent with the syllabus and students’ interests and needs. The results evidence students’ significant improvements in their communicative competence in English. Findings also show that implementation of the task-based approach was affected by factors related to the teachers’ role and others related to students’ performance.