bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMETAAN KONSUMEN MITRA10 PASAR BARU TANGERANG DARI SISI SEGMENTASI PSIKOGRAFIS
Authors: Janamarta Suhendar
Published: December 2020

Segmentasi psikografis menjadi salah satu bagian dari kesinambungan sebuah capaian target dalam dunia pasar guna memasarkan produk yang sama kepada konsumen yang beragam. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memetakan persepsi yang kemungkinan muncul pada kelompok konsumen yang datang ke Mitra10 Pasar Baru, Kota Tangerang, dengan adanya pemetaan kelompok konsumen ini diharapkan dapat memberikan salah satu gambaran penting terkait persepsi yang muncul pada para konsumen yang datang ke Mitra10, sehingga gambaran tersebut mampu menjadi sebuah kesimpulan bagi pihak manajemen untuk menentukan langkah atau kebijakan yang bisa dilakukan untuk memaksimalkan capaian target pangsa pasar yang sudah ada. Untuk mendapatkan kelompok pemetaan tersebut, peneliti menggunakan teknik analisis klaster dengan memberikan angket kepada 134 responden yang dijadikan sebagai sampel dengan teknik aksidental selama kurang lebih 2 bulan lamanya. Dari hasil olahan data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa setidaknya terdapat 4 klaster atau segmentasi dari konsumen Mitra10 yang terbentuk dari hasil rata-rata. Dengan demikian Pihak manajemen Mitra10 dapat melakukan targeting pada segmen dengan jumlah anggota klaster yang paling besar sehingga Mitra10 dapat lebih mampu menargetkan konsumen dan mempertahankan kegiatan bisnisnya dimasa pandemic saat ini.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA PADA PT. BANK PANIN DUBAI SYARIAH Tbk. YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Syafriansyah Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Net Profit Margin (X1), Return On Assets (X2), Return On Equity (X3) berpengaruh pertumbuhan laba. Teknik analisis ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan dibantu menggunakan SPSS versi 25. Pengujian hipotesis yang digunakan adalah uji statistik secara parsial (uji t) dan uji statistic secara simultan (uji F) dengan taraf signifikan a = 5%. Hasil uji secara parsial (uji t) menunjukkan bahwa variabel Net Profit margin, Return on assets  tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba, sedangkan untuk variabel Return on equity berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba. Hasil uji secara simultan (uji F) menunjukkan bahwa variabel Net Profit Margin, Return On Assets, Return On Equity berpengaruh secara bersama-sama terhadap pertumbuhan laba. Nilai koefisien determinasi (R Square) menunjukkan 1.000 atau 100% variasi atau pertumbuhan laba dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel independen dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, maka peneliti menyarankan bagi para perusahaan  sebaiknya menggunakan variabel-variabel lain atau rasio keuangan yang berkaitan dengan pertumbuhan laba.
HERMITE POLYNOMIAL APPROACH FOR SOLVING SINGULAR PERTURBATED DELAY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: YUZBASI SUAYIP , SAVASANERIL NURCAN BAYKUS
Published: December 2020

In this study, a collocation approach based on the Hermite polyomials is applied to solve the singularly perturbated delay differential eqautions by boundary conditions. By means of the matix relations of the Hermite polynomials and the derivatives of them, main problem is reduced to a matrix equation. And then, collocation points are placed in equation of the matrix. Hence, the singular perturbed problem is transformed into an algebraic system of linear equations. This system is solved and thus the coefficients of the assumed approximate solution are determined. Numerical applications are made for various values of N.
THE SHAPE OPERATOR OF THE BEZIER SURFACES IN MINKOWSKI-3 SPACE
Authors: SAMANCI HATİCE KUŞAK , ÇELİK SERKAN , İNCESU MUHSİN
Published: December 2020

Bezier surfaces are commonly used in Computer-Aided Geometric Design since it enables in geometric modeling of the objects. In this study, the shape operator of the timelike and spacelike surfaces has been analyzed in Minkowski-3 space. Then, the obtained results were applied to a numeric example
A STUDY ON THE HARMONIC EVOLUTE SURFACES OF QUASI BINORMAL SURFACES
Authors: KAYMANLI GUL UGUR , KORPINAR TALAT
Published: December 2020

In this paper, harmonic evolute surface of quasi binormal surface associated with quasi frame is studied. After constructing quasi binormal surface, we determine harmonic evolute surface of quasi binormal surface by using first and second fundamental forms. We then obtain some new results about these new surfaces and give some applications for them.
AB INITIO STUDY ON OPTIMIZATION OF BISPHENOL A AND PHOSGENE TO MANUFACTURE POLYCARBONATE
Authors: MAMEDOV BAHTIYAR A. , SOMUNCU ELIF , KARATAS EBRU
Published: December 2020

Geometric optimization is played an important to manufacture and design materials in many implementations. Therefore the choice of optimization method is of considerable significance to easily solve the problems. In this work, the ground state geometries for bisphenol A and phosgene that manufacture polycarbonate have been optimized using the Hartree-Fock method with different basis sets. The optimization results for bisphenol A and phosgene are compared with theoretical and experimental data. The obtained optimizations results have been shown that our data are in agreement with the literature and experimental data.
2D NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF MAGNETIC FIELD IN LOW-VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER
Authors: VIRJOGHE ELENA OTILIA , STAN MIHAIL FLORIN , COBIANU COSMIN , FIDEL NICOLAE
Published: December 2020

Low Voltage Circuit Breakers is used for the switching process in power distribution and control system. This process is accompanied by the occurrence of the electric arc between the fixed and mobile contact pieces of the apparatus. The electric arc is introduced into the quenching chamber formed of ferromagnetic iron splitter plates, divided into short arcs and then the arc may extinguish after passing the current through zero. Behavior of the electric arc in the extinguishing chamber influences the performance of these devices, the ferromagnetic material leading to the improvement of these performances. This article presents the calculation of the magnetic field components in the extinguishing chamber of the low-voltage circuit breaker of the 2000 A, 690 V manufactured by Schneider Electric and to describe the physical phenomenon and mathematical calculation of the electric arc in LVCB. The Ansys Multiphysics program is used to determine the spectrum of magnetic field components. This program is based on the finite element method for solving Maxwell equations.
IMPROVING APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE COUNTRY'S FOOD SECURITY
Authors: Tumalanov Nikolay V. , Urusova Irina N. , Antonovskaya Elena A.
Published: December 2020

Changes that have taken place in recent years in production, sale, market circulation, quality of food consumption give relevance to the problem of assessing the society's food security, the country's food independence and forming a high – quality food market. For this reason the purpose of the study was to justify the need for changes in the principles and rules for assessing the country's food security. It is proposed that its definition took into account the quality of food, the volume of exports and imports, the indicator of the country's comparative advantage in external exchange. During the study, the reasons for veiling the food quality and its safety were revealed, non-objectivity of determining the state of food security was substantiated, the advantages of the new approach on more objective evaluation criteria are proved and basic indicators reflecting the qualitative advantages of the new methodology in assessing food security are proposed. The problem of food quality and its assessment exists and is worsening. The novelty achieved in the study process is the rationale for the need to take into account food quality indicators of all major types, calculate food security and independence, applying for this the proposed formula for indexing the comparative advantage. In today's economy, conditions have developed when it is necessary to assess the level of food security in the society more orderly and comprehensively. To do so, the criteria laid down by international organizations must be applied. High-quality food is noted to include not only organic products, but sparing mode products as well, that is products to produce which mineral fertilizers were used in compliance with all norms and rules. Producers must preserve and protect the environment. Many authors note that government structures should pay more attention to the formation and regulation of the high quality food market segment.
FEATURES OF INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC TAXATION IN THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC
Authors: Vasileva Tatyana Yu.
Published: December 2020

The question of balanced redistribution of tax revenues generated in the territory of a subject of the Russian Federation is becoming more urgent. Their value depends largely on the tax burden on the regional economy, which in turn is determined not only by the system of taxes and fees currently in force, but by the sectoral structure of the economy as well. It is against this background that the peculiarities of sectoral taxation are studied on the example of such a subsidized subject of the Russian Federation as the Chuvash Republic, which is the purpose of the study. Such research methods as analytical, comparative methods of study, the grouping method, graphic images are applied. The dynamics and structure of tax revenues and gross regional product based on types of economic activity are examined and compared. It is revealed that the first place in terms of the share in the gross regional product in the Chuvash Republic is taken by manufacturing, the second place falls on trade, the third – to agriculture. At the same time in 2018–2019, manufacturing enterprises provided 47% of all tax payments of the Chuvash Republic, the second most important was trade activity (12.7% of all payments in 2019), construction accounted for 7.3% of all tax payments. Due to the fact that the tax burden on the regional economy is a criterion for assessing the impact of taxation on the socio-economic development of the region taking into account the regional tax policy and its sectoral structure, the authors present calculation of the level of actual tax burden as the ratio of mobilized tax payments to gross regional product by major types of economic activities in the Chuvash Republic. As the calculations showed, activities such as manufacturing, mining and construction bear a significant tax burden. Agriculture provided only 0.4% of received tax payments in general for Chuvashia for all activities and carries the lowest tax burden due to the peculiarities of taxation in this industry. Thus, the tax burden is extremely unevenly distributed by the types of economic activity.
ПУБЛИЦИСТ КӨЛБАЙ ТӨГІСОВ ПЕН НАЗИПА ҚҰЛЖАНОВА – АЛАШ КӨСЕМСӨЗІНІҢ ҚАРЛЫҒАШТАРЫ
Authors: СЕРДӘЛІ Б
Published: December 2020

Мақалада қазақ журналистері Көлбай Төгісов пен Назипа Құлжанованың ХХ ғасырдың басындағы публицистік шығармашылығы қарастырылады. Егер публицистердің алғашқы кезеңдегі және Қазан төңкерісі жылдарындағы көсемсөздері («Алаш» газетіндегі қызметі,

«ыстық нүктелерден» жазған репортаждары) шама-шарқынша жан-жақты зерттелген болса, кейінгі жылдардағы публицистикалары «ақтаңдақ» күйінде қалып қойды. Оның үстіне публицистердің 1912-1915 жылдардағы қарама-қайшылыққа толы қызметі түрлі кедергілерге тап болды. Мақалада, міне, қазақ публицистерінің осы бір кезеңдегі қызметіне баса назар аударылады.
İSLÂM HUKUKU TEMELİNDE KOCANIN TALÂK (BOŞAMA) YETKİSİNİN KANUNEN KISITLANMASI SORUNU
Authors: ALPYSBAYEV Y , BEŞER F , RAHIMGAZİYEV J
Published: December 2020

İslâm Hukuku’nda talâk esasen erkeğe/kocaya verilmiş bir haktır. Koca, eşinden ayrılmak istediğinde söz konusu yetkiye dayanarak mahkemede boşanma davası açmaksızın boşama iradesini beyan eden ifadelerle eşini boşayabilir. Kocaya verilen söz konusu yetki günümüzde, özellikle inanç zaafının ve cehaletin hüküm sürdüğü bir toplumda, boşanma olaylarının aşırı derecede çoğalması, bundan ötürü aile fertlerinin mağdur duruma düşmesi gibi birçok istenilmeyen sonuçlara neden olabilmektedir. Buna karşı talâk yetkisinin kocanın kayıtsız şartsız kullanabileceği bir hak olmaktan çıkarılıp idarecilerin denetimi altına alınarak belli bir usule tabi tutulması günümüz şartları açısından ehemmiyet taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kocaya özgü olarak tanınan talâk yetkisinin idare tarafından sınırlandırılması problemi şerî deliller ışığında ele alınmıştır.
KAZAK BOZKIRINDAN YEŞEREN ULU ÇINAR
Authors: GÜNGÖR A , SARTBAYEVA D
Published: December 2020

Ulu şair, düşünür, çevirmen, halk ve devlet adamı Abay; eserleriyle Kazak ve Türk Dünyasında rehber ve kılavuzluğuna günümüzde de devam etmektedir. Israrla “Gılım tappay maktanba” (Bilim olmadan övünme) derken bilim ve bilginin insanın bedenen; edebiyat, sanat ve müziğin de ruhun gıdası olduğu üzerinde durur. Abay bu yönüyle mükemmel bir pedagog, kusursuz bir öğretmendir. Abay’ın sanat ve şairlik gücünü anlayabilmek için öncelikle aldığı eğitim, yetiştiği ortam ve dil ve düşünce olarak beslendiği kaynakları iyi analiz etmek gerekir.

Bu yazıda Abay’ın sanat ve edebi kişiliğinin arka planındaki düşünce dünyasının gelişmesindeki ortam ve özellikler üzerinde durulacaktır.
ÇAĞDAŞ KAZAK DİLİNİNİN SÖZCÜK YAPIMININ TEMEL TEORİK KAVRAMLARI
Authors: KURMANALİYEV K , KURMANALİ A
Published: December 2020

Dil biliminde bir dilin sözcükleri ile sözvarlığını yeni sözcüklerle tamamlayan dilbilimsel bir fenomen olan sözcük yapımının (sözcük yapımı bilgisi), yeni ve türemiş sözcükler türeten sözcük yapım kuralları ile sözcük yapım yöntemleri eski çağlardan beri toplumun gelişimi ile bilimdeki ilerlemelerle birlikte süzgeçten geçip çeşitli değişikliklere uğrayarak günümüze ulaşmıştır. Dilin söz varlığı dinamik bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu olay, dildeki herhangi bir yeni bir sözcüğün tesadüfen ortaya çıkmadığını açıkça göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla dil ve varlık ilişkisinde dillerin gereksinim duydukları ve kullandıkları en önemli unsurlardan biri olan sözcük yapımı, yaşamımıza giren yeni kavramları, varlıkları ve nesneleri karşılamada büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Makalede Kazak dilbiliminin sözcük yapımı meselesine değinilecek ve Kazak dilinin sözcük yapım sisteminden söz edilecektir. Ayrıca makalede temel sözcük yapım kavramları olan sözcük yapım yuvası (sözjasamdık uya), sözcük yapım çifti (sözjasamdık jup), sözcük yapım zinciri (sözjasamdık tizbek), sözcük yapım paradigması (sözjasamdık taram), sözcük yapım basamağı (sözjasamdık satı), türemiş sözcük (tuındı söz), sözcük yapım anlamı (söz jasamdık mağına) v.s. kavramları ele alınacak ve sözcük yapım birimlerinin birbiriyle ilişkileri incelenecektir.
AUTONOMOUS LEARNING FOR STUDENT TEACHERS OF ENGLISH
Authors: SEITOVA M , ADILBAEVA R
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study is to investigate readiness level of student teachers of English in terms of four main aspects: motivation level, their use of metacognitive strategies, responsibility perceptions and the outside conducted activities. The data was collected via a questionnaire (LARI) administered to the 1st year students of Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University. With a sample of 200 participants, the study inquired learners from English Philology Department. The findings of the study state that student teachers were in need of training for autonomous learning. It was found out that student teachers should be involved in courses like “Planning for independence” and “Student-centred learning”.
INTEGRATION OF DISCIPLINES IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL CREATIVITY OF FUTURE COMPUTER SCIENCE TEACHERS
Authors: GRINSHKUN V , TAUBAYEVA Sh , BURAYEVA Zh
Published: December 2020

In this article, we will consider the role of the English language in the formation of pedagogical creativity of future informatics teachers, we will focus on the integration of disciplines studied in the specialty “5B011100 – Informatics”. The formation of the pedagogical creativity of future informatics teachers in the process of teaching English is one of the problems that can be successfully solved provided that interdisciplinary relationships are implemented – computer science, pedagogy, and the English language.
ПЕДАГОГИКАЛЫҚ БІЛІМ БЕРУДЕГІ ТОЛЕРАНТТЫЛЫҚ МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРІНІҢ КЕЙБІР АСПЕКТІЛЕРІ
Authors: КУЗДЕУБАЕВАˡ А , ЖАКАЕВА C
Published: December 2020

Бүгінгі таңда біздің қоғамымызда азаматтардың агрессивтілігі, адамгершілігінің жоқтығы, жауапкершіліксіздігі және селқостығы көрініс табуда. Қоғамымыздағы интолеранттылық пен қақтығыстың терең әлеуметтік тамырлары бар. Олардың көзі әлеуметтік-экономикалық айырмашылықтардың (бай мен кедей арасындағы  үлкен алшақтық, отбасын лайықты ұстаудың күрделілігі, жұмыссыздықтың өсуі және т.б.) күрт өсуі болып табылады. Адамдардың бір-біріне төзбеушілігі, қақтығыстары жастардың арасында да орын алған. Мақаланың өзектілігі осыдан келіп шығады – білім беру жүйесіндегі толеранттылық жағдайын зерттеу.

Мақаланың өзектілігі халықтың әлеуметтік және кәсіби ұтқырлығының өсуіне, қоғам құрылымының өзгеруіне, адамдардың жаңа өмір салтының қалыптасуына, олардың мінез- құлқының, әдеттерінің, қажеттіліктерінің өзгеруіне байланысты. Өзгерістер қоғамда адамдар арасындағы да, елдер арасындағы да әлеуметтік теңсіздікті тереңдетуге алып келеді, кедейлер мен жұмыссыздар проблемаларын тудырады.
ОҚЫТУДАН КҮТІЛЕТІН НӘТИЖЕНІ ЕСЕПКЕ АЛУДЫ ЖЕТІЛДІРУ
Authors: РАХЫМБЕК Д , БЕРКІМБАЕВ K , ҚАДІРБАЕВА P , АЛИМКУЛОВА Б
Published: December 2020

Оқытудан күтілетін нәтижелер – оқу мақсаттарының орындалу көрсеткіші. Оқытудан күтілетін оқу нәтижелері мазмұнға сәйкес шығарылатын есептер, орындалатын тапсырмалар мен жаттығулар, койылатын сұрақтарға жауаптар, т.б. арқылы нақтыланады. Ол оқып- үйренетін мазмұнға сәйкес құрылады.

Қазіргі мұғалім күнделікті сабақ жоспарын жасауды «жаңартылған» бағдарламадағы оқу мақсаттар жүйесіне бағыттайды да, оқу мазмұны мен оның ішкі ерекшеліктері толық ескерілмейді. Ал жиынтық бағалау сол мақсаттар жүйесі шеңберінен шыға алмағандықтан, тақырыпты оқып-үйренудің біртұтас нәтижелері бола алмай отыр.

Жұмыста жай бөлшек ұғымын енгiзу әдістемесіне байланысты мәлімет бере отырып, қалыптастырушы бағалауды жоспарлау мен «Жай бөлшектер және оларға амалдар қолдану» тақырыбының жиынтық бағалау тапсырмаларының үлгісі ұсынылған.
ДЕНЕ МӘДЕНИЕТІ ЖӘНЕ СПОРТ САЛАСЫНДАҒЫ МАРКЕТИНГТІҢ МӘНІ МЕН ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРІ
Authors: АБУСЕЙТОВ Б , БОЛАТОВА I
Published: December 2020

Мaқaлaдa дене шынықтыру және спорт сaлaсындaғы мaркетинг идеясының дaму мәселесі қaрaстырылaды. Жaлпы экономикaлық термин ретінде, мaркетингтің мaқсaты – тұтынушылар үшін тауар және қызмет көрсетудің сапасын арттыру. Ғылыми-педaгогикaлық әдебиеттер тaлдaуы көрсеткендей, мaркетинг нaқты тұтынушылaрдың сұрaныстaрын қaнaғaттaндыруғa және пaйдa тaбуғa бaғдaрлaнғaн өнім өндіру ұйымдaрының кешенді жүйесі, экспортер – өндірістің сыртқы және ішкі ортaсын зерттеу,  мaркетингті бaғдaрлaмaлaр көмегімен нaрықты жүргізудің стрaтегиясы мен тaктикaсын жaсaуы деп түсіндіріледі. Спорттық мaркетинг – бүтіндей өндірістік-экономикaлық мaркетингтің жaлпы қaғидaсынa сүйеніп, құрылaды, бaсқaшa aйтқaндa, зaмaнaуи нaрықтық экономикa спортқa маркетингтің көмегімен коммерциaлизaциялaуды жүзеге aсырa aлaтын мехaнизмді ұсынады.

Авторлар зерттеуінде спорттық мaркетингті дене мәдениеті саласындағы нақты заңдылықтарды талап ететін aрнaйы тaуaр ретінде қaрaстырaды.
БОЛАШАҚ ПЕДАГОГТЫҢ ӘЛЕУМЕТТІК-БАҒЫТТАЛҒАН ТҰЛҒАСЫН ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУ МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРІ
Authors: ТӘҢКІШ H , КАМАЛОВ Ю , ПРАЛИЕВА P
Published: December 2020

Бұл мақалада қоғамның әлеуметтік-саяси және экономикалық дағдарысы педагогикалық ұстанымдарды қайта қарау, қалыптасқан жеке тұлғаны тәрбиелеудің ғылыми- теориялық және практикалық жүйелерін сыни қайта бағалау қажеттілігі проблемасы өзектендірілді. Өйткені гуманистік парадигмада педагог мектеп пәнінің мұғалімі  ретінде ғана емес, тәрбиеші ретінде де қарастырылады. Білім билік еткен уақытта білім беру үрдісі жаһандық экономикалық дамудың негізі екендігі белгілі. Талаптары қатаң қалыптасқан инновациялық экономика қандай салада болса да, қазіргі маманның кәсіби қызметін, яғни өз саласында ой-пікірдің жүйеленуін, өз саласын алға дамытушылығын, кез келген өзгерістерге бетбұрыс жасауы, осыған сай өз білімін пайдаланып қана қою емес, оны қажеттілігіне қарай толықтырып отыруды міндеттейді.
HEMŞİRELİK BİRİNCİ VE DÖRDÜNCÜ SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN AİLE İÇİ ŞİDDETE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARININ VE AKADEMİK ÖZYETERLİK DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: GÜVEN Emel , ALTAY Birsen
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı hemşirelik birinci ve dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin aile içi şiddete yönelik tutumlarının ve akademik özyeterlik düzeylerinin incelenmesidir.Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini 19-23 Mart 2018 tarihleri arasında bir üniversitenin Hemşirelik Bölümü 1. ve 4. sınıf öğrencileri (N:220), örneklemini ise 177 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Aile İçi Şiddete Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ve Akademik Özyeterlik Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 20 programı ile değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, t testi, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis ve ANOVA testleri kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin %48.6'sı 1. sınıf, %51.4'ü 4.sınıf, %78.0’ı kadın, %22.0’ı erkektir. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin Aile İçi Şiddete Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği 1. sınıf (20(13-19)) ve 4. sınıf (18(13-65)) puan ortancaları ile aralarında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Akademik Özyeterlik Ölçeği 1. sınıf (115.39±19.42) ile 4. sınıf (112.25±21.96) puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). Cinsiyete göre aile içi şiddete yönelik puan ortalamaları ile akademik özyeterlik puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Hemşirelik ‘’1. sınıf’’ (6.62±1.88) ve ‘’4. sınıf’’ (5.98±1.93) öğrencilerinin Aile İçi Şiddete Yönelik Tutum Ölçeğinde şiddet nedensellik alt ölçeği ortalama puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Sınıflar arasında Akademik Özyeterlik Ölçeği iyi vatandaş alt ölçek puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin aile içi şiddete yönelik tutumu olumsuz, akademik özyeterlik düzeyi iyi olarak belirlenmiştir.
INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NOMOPHOBIA AND ANXIETY AMONG UNDERGRADUATE HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS
Authors: KARAKURT Nurgül , DURMAZ Hatice , ORAL Meltem
Published: December 2020

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between nomophobia and the level of anxiety of undergraduate health sciences students.Method: Descriptive and correlational research design was used in the study. A Convenience sampling method was used for selection. Student volunteers (n = 1299) who met the study criteria were included in the study. Results: Of the students, 45.3% reported using smartphones for more than 5 hours a day. 32.2% reported checking their phones for more than 40 times a day. 54.3% indicated checking their phones first thing in the morning and 56.4% right before going to bed. The most common reason for using the phone was to access social media and the least common reason was shopping. 41.3% of the students thought that they had smartphone dependency. 63% of them said they have forgotten their phones somewhere at some point. 69.3% of the students reported feeling anxious due to forgetting their phones at some place. The mean score of the students for the Nomophobia Scale was 84.31±29.01, the mean score of the State Anxiety Scale was 44.22±11.37 and the mean score of the Trait Anxiety Scale was 46.39±9.58. The results of the study indicated that there was a significant relationship between nomophobia and anxiety (p <0.01). Further analysis revealed that the mean state and trait anxiety scores of the students with absence of nomophobia and mild level of nomophobia were significantly lower than those with moderate level and severe nomophobia. Therefore, there was a positive correlation between the average mean score of the Nomophobia Scale and the mean score of the State-Trait Anxiety Scale (p <0.01). Conclusion: Smartphone dependency appears to be associated with increased anxiety among undergraduate health sciences students.
Investigation of the Relationship of Recommended Home Exercises with Dual-Task Training for the Elderly with Physical Activity Level, Life Quality and Kinesiophobia
Authors: ŞEVGİN Ömer , ALPTEKİN Kerem
Published: December 2020

Aim: To examine the effect of home exercises combined with dual-task training on physical activity level and quality of life in the elderly, and to investigate the impact of home exercises on fear of movement.Material and Methods: 60 volunteer participants over the age of 65 were included in the study. The average age of the participants was 81 years, and 70% of the participants were women. Participants were randomly divided into two equal groups called single and dual-task groups. While standard home exercise protocol was applied to both groups, additional cognitive tasks were assigned to the dual-task group. Participants were given 45 minutes of exercise under a physiotherapist monitor in a home environment three days a week for four weeks. Before the first session and after the last session, the participants were evaluated with the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Elderly Module, Berg Balance Scale, Fall Efficiency Scale, Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale, Physical Activity Scale for Elderly, Timed Up and Go Test, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scales.Results: In the analysis performed between the groups, the results of the Berg Balance Scale, the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scales were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). It was found that home exercises performed with single and dual-task training did not significantly affect movement anxiety (p> 0.05).Conclusions: Home exercises with dual-task training; It is more successful in improving balance, increasing physical activity level, and increasing cognitive performance compared to home exercises performed with single-task training.
A POLÍTICA EXTERNA DO BRASIL NOS ÚLTIMOS 50 ANOS
Authors: Mariz Vasco
Published: December 2020

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OS 50 ANOS DA DECLARAÇÃO UNIVERSAL DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Luz Silvia Maria Penha Ancora da
Published: December 2020

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REPENSANDO A ESCOLA SUPERIOR DE GUERRA COMO A VEJO APÓS NOVE ANOS
Authors: Figueiredo Valbert Lisieux Medeiros de
Published: December 2020

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O RELACIONAMENTO CIVIL - MILITAR
Authors: Santos Jorge Calvario dos
Published: December 2020

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O CONFLITO NOS BALCÃS - A CRISE NO KOSOVO
Authors: Moraes Marcio Bonifacio
Published: December 2020

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VISITA DO MINISTRO DA DEFESA À ESG
Authors: Quintão Geraldo Magela da Cruz
Published: December 2020

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SÉCULO XXI PARA A ESCOLA SUPERIOR DE GUERRA
Authors: Oliva Oswaldo Muniz
Published: December 2020

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ESPECULAÇÃO E AS CRISES FINANCEIRAS
Authors: Grieco Francisco de Assis
Published: December 2020

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CRISE DO PARADIGMA DA MODERNIDADE
Authors: Oliveira Marcos
Published: December 2020

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PRODUÇÃO:
Authors: Saraiva Gerardo José de Pontes
Published: December 2020

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CONDIÇÕES DE CONTORNO PARA A DEFINIÇÃO DE UMA POLÍTICA E ESTRATÉGIA DE CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA
Authors: Syllus Carlos
Published: December 2020

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PARA ONDE VAMOS
Authors: Döring Luiz Sanctos
Published: December 2020

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A CRIAÇÃO DA FEB
Authors: Vidal Germano Seidi
Published: December 2020

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UMA SOLUÇÃO PARA A CRISE ENERGÉTICA SEM POLUIÇÃO
Authors: Mourão Ronaldo Rogério de Freitas
Published: December 2020

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FUNDAMENTALISMO ISLÂMICO E TERRORISMO
Authors: Rios José Arthur
Published: December 2020

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GENERAL CARLOS DE MEIRA MATTOS VIDA E OBRA
Authors: Freitas Jorge Manuel da C.
Published: December 2020

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AMAZÔNIA:
Authors: Mattos Carlos de Meira
Published: December 2020

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CENTROS MUNDIAIS DE PODER
Authors: Guimarães Paulo César Milani
Published: December 2020

O autor apresenta um estudo de caráter duplo, histórico e sociológico, sobre a possível concepção de “Centros Mundiais de Poder”. Traça considerações sobre a situação do mundo contemporâneo.
POLÍTICA INDIGENISTA: A UTILIZAÇÃO DAS TERRAS INDIGENISTAS (TI) NO CONTEXTO DA DEFESA NACIONAL, EM ESPECIAL NA FAIXA DA FRONTEIRA
Authors: Rosa Fernando Henrique Pereira
Published: December 2020

ROSA, Fernando Henrique Pereira. A Política Indigenista: a utilização das Terras Indígenas (TI) no contexto da defesa do território nacional, em especial na faixa de fronteira. Sub-temas: a construção de unidades militares em TI localizadas nas faixas de fronteira; a presença do Estado nas TI; o trânsito fronteiriço de indígenas ; e o papel dos indígenas na vivificação das fronteiras. É possível? Propor Políticas e Estratégias para o seu aperfeiçoamento. Rio de Janeiro, Escola Superior de Guerra, 2004. (TE 2004; Código MD -16). Este trabalho procura apresentar a atual Política Indigenista, calcada na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil, promulgada em 5 de outubro de 1988 e se ela atende as exigências da Política de Defesa Nacional/ 1996. A atual política provocou profundas modificações no trato das questões indígenas, que, desde a descoberta do Brasil vem sendo debatida na busca da melhor solução que atenda aos interesses nacionais. O estudo proporciona um mergulho na história. Começa no período colonial aonde já existiam instrumentos legais que definiam e propunham uma política para os índios, fundamentados na discussão da legitimidade dos direitos dos índios ao domínio e soberania de suas terras, posteriormente passa pelo período imperial aonde a legislação não foi benéfica para com os índios e continua na fase republicana, aonde chegou a vigir a política de incorporação dos índios à comunhão nacional, hoje substituída pela política que reconhece a necessidade da preservação das culturas indígenas, através da garantia de suas terras e o desenvolvimento de atividades sanitárias. Por último, este trabalho responde se a atual Política Indigenista apresenta ou não óbices à Defesa Nacional e apresenta, também, uma proposta de alterações de Políticas e Estratégias visando aprimorá-la, bem como responde aos questionamentos sobre a possibilidade de construção de unidades militares em TI, sobre o trânsito transfronteiriço de indígenas, sobre a presença do Estado nas TI e sobre se é possível empregar os índios na vivificação das fronteiras.
DISCURSO PROFERIDO NA OCASIÃO DO ENCERRAMENTO DO CURSO SUPERIOR DE GUERRA
Authors: FARIAS OSWALDO CORDEIRO DE
Published: December 2020

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EVOLUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E TECNOLÓGICA DA ESCOLA SUPERIOR DE GUERRA
Authors: Cavalheiro Ronaldo Goytacaz
Published: December 2020

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CAPACIDADE INDUSTRIAL BRASILEIRA NO FORNECIMENTO DE ITENS DE INTERESSE MILITAR
Authors: Silva Antônio de Pádua Barbosa
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho tem a finalidade de analisar a atual capacidade da indústria brasileira no fornecimento de itens de interesse militar e sugerir políticas e estratégias para o estabelecimento de um parque industrial sustentável, adequado às necessidades de defesa da soberania nacional. Dessa forma, no Capítulo I são apresentados os objetivos, o problema que se quer abordar e a situação conjuntural, tanto nacional como internacional, em que se inserem. No Capítulo II é apresentado um resumido histórico da evolução da indústria brasileira desse setor, do império até os nossos dias, onde se relata a evolução da produção de material militar e as principais empresas nacionais que se estabeleceram no período. No Capítulo III é enfocada a produção bélica em escala nacional, apresentada a atual situação da indústria desse setor e as grandes empresas do parque industrial de armamentos brasileiros. No Capítulo IV são apresentados os pressupostos legais básicos e a atual visão do Ministério da Defesa sobre a ciência e tecnologia e a indústria brasileira desse setor, citando os esforços atuais para o seu aproveitamento estratégico. No Capítulo V é analisada a atual Política de Defesa Nacional sob a ótica dos interesses da indústria de material de defesa, destacando-se a necessidade de desenvolvimento de tecnologia no país, em virtude das dificuldades para transferência desse know-how para o Brasil. No Capítulo VI são apresentados os principais argumentos defendendo a necessidade de uma indústria de material de defesa forte e são sugeridas políticas e estratégias para o fortalecimento da indústria do setor, para A Capacidade Industrial Brasileira no Fornecimento de Itens de Interesse Militar Cel MB QEMA Antônio de Pádua Barbosa da Silva 8 R. Esc. Sup. Guer. Mon. 2004, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 44, p. 7-384, jan./dez. 2004 adoção pelo Ministério da Defesa. No Capítulo VII é feita a conclusão, destacando os aspectos relevantes, contidos nos demais capítulos, e justificando a necessidade de adaptação da atual Política de Defesa Nacional, em face das políticas e estratégias sugeridas, para alcançar os objetivos almejados e definidos no início do trabalho.
ALCA E O FUTURO DO MERCOSUL
Authors: Filho José Caetano De Oliveira
Published: December 2020

Nas últimas décadas, observa-se clara tendência de formação de projetos regionais e sub-regionais de integração entre países com agendas governamentais convergentes, como forma de buscar melhor inserção no fenômeno conhecido como Globalização Contemporânea. O presente trabalho apresenta o processo de formação dos principais blocos do continente americano, com ênfase para o Mercosul, e discute as principais características e abrangência da iniciativa norte-americana de criação da Área de Livre Comércio das Américas (ALCA). Argumenta-se que a ALCA foi projetada para ser muito mais que um acordo de liberalização do comércio de bens e produtos, uma vez que inclui diversas outras áreas estrategicamente importantes como investimentos, serviços, compras governamentais e proteção da propriedade intelectual e excluem temas de fundamental importância para o Brasil como legislação antidumping e subsídios agrícolas. Em face da assimétrica proposta norte-americana apresentar mais riscos do que oportunidades, o trabalho aborda as repercussões para o Mercosul e o Brasil, bem como a evolução do posicionamento do governo brasileiro no processo negociador para uma visão mais pragmática. Finalmente, o autor procura estabelecer estratégias a serem adotadas pelo governo brasileiro, no contexto nacional e internacional, visando a superar os desafios e maximizar as oportunidades de inserção do Brasil e do Mercosul na ALCA em condições mais favoráveis, levando-se em consideração, inclusive, a possibilidade de não adesão ao acordo.
TESE DA INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Mattos Carlos de Meira
Published: December 2020

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UM NOVO CONCEITO DE SEGURANÇA PARA O CONTINENTE
Authors: Fedozzi Maria Cristina Goiana
Published: December 2020

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GLOBALIZAÇÃO E NACIONALIDADE
Authors: Dos Santos Jorge Calvario
Published: December 2020

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GEOPOLÍTICA DA PAZ MUNDIAL:
Authors: Lopes Celso Soares
Published: December 2020

O número de conflitos aumentou após o fim da Guerra Fria, em decorrência do aumento da complexidade do ambiente internacional, exigindo o desenvolvimento de um novo paradigma de manutenção da paz. Foi criado um sistema de respostas para os desafios da instabilidade do ambiente internacional, e desenvolvidas cinco modalidades de Operações de Paz e uma logística de apoio a essas operações. Esses temas são discutidos, assim como a tradição da Diplomacia Brasileira e de nossas Forças Armadas em participar de Operações de Paz, o que tem resultado em um reconhecimento a essas instituições e tem sido motivo de prestígio para o País. Esse novo e complexo sistema de desafios e respostas é denominado pelo autor: "Geopolítica da Paz Mundial".
NOVA GEOPOLÍTICA MUNDIAL E SEUS REFLEXOS PARA O BRASIL
Authors: Moreira José Benedito de Barros
Published: December 2020

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BRASIL E A ORDEM MUNDIAL MULTIPOLAR
Authors: Malinski Tania
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho trata dos elementos gerais que caracterizam o cenário internacional em transição para uma nova configuração. Diante da supremacia norte-americana inconteste, em razão da implosão do sistema soviético, há uma forte tendência inercial a uma acomodação unipolar. A linha central de argumentação gira em torno da possibilidade de que uma nova ordem mundial seja multipolar, em lugar de puramente unipolar, ou mesmo em lugar de uma reedição da bipolaridade, o que traria a China como um concorrente à altura dos Estados Unidos. Partindo da hipótese de multipolaridade, comenta-se como o Brasil pode atuar e influenciar o sistema multilateral em razão de sua história e inserção internacional. Assim, a atuação brasileira na Liga das Nações, na Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA) e na Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) é apresentada em linhas gerais, como credenciais a favor do Brasil no resgate de valores e conceitos da diplomacia multilateral que se coadunam também com um movimento por maior representatividade nos organismos internacionais. O perfil de atuação internacional brasileiro qualifica o país para liderar um processo político em favor da revalorização dos organismos internacionais, como foros legítimos para o encaminhamento de conflitos e como expressão internacional da democracia e da pluralidade.
Zvířecí kosti a kostry z raně středověkého sídliště v Brně-Medlánkách
Authors: Dreslerová Gabriela
Published: December 2020

The subject of the presented article is the processing of archaeozoological finds from the Early Middle Age settlement in Brno-Medlánky. This relatively small set consists of two different groups of osteological material. The first represents fragments of bones and teeth coming from the so-called kitchen waste. This set was processed by standard methods consisting in determining the anatomical affiliation, species, age, or sex, and the evidence of traces of manipulation (cutting, chopping, biting). The second group of finds representing several complete skeletons of animals is quite significant, as some of the animals were not consumed. Within the three features, 3 canine (2× a dog, 1× a wolf?), a horse and a pig skeleton in the secondary position were captured. Even in these cases, the basic characteristics of the animals were recorded, including age, sex, height, and post-mortem manipulation. The presence of preserved animal bodies from the settlement in Medlánky was compared with other documented finds of skeletons of animals from this period.
Possible Bacteria Pathogens Found in the Internal Surface of Ladies Handbags in Umuahia, Abia State, South-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Nwankwo, E.O.  , Okochi, D.I
Published: December 2020

Bacteria including the pathogenic species have been isolated from fomites, these organisms are sometimes multidrug resistant and are of public health concern. It is therefore important to isolate and identify potential bacterial pathogens associated with the internal surface of ladies handbags, in Umuahia, Abia state. One hundred and forty swabbed samples were collected from the ladies hand bags in different groups of individuals which include; Nurses, civil servants, students and market women. Also the handbags from which the samples were collected includes: Leather, Cotton, Nylon and Polyester and velvet handbags. The bags were swabbed with sterile swab sticks and inoculated on different types of culture media and incubated at 37oC for 24 hours. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard microbiological methods including biochemical tests before subjecting isolates to different antimicrobial sensitivity test that was carried out by disc diffusion method. The following bacteria were isolated from the internal surface of the handbags, Coagulase Negative Staphylococci 6(2.6%), Escherichia coli 36(15.7%), Klebsiella spp. 14(6.1%), Staphylococcus aureus 49(21.3%), Bacillus spp. 48(20.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5(2.2%), Proteus spp. 5(2.2%), streptococcus spp. 31(13.5), Micrococcus spp. 20(8.7%), Salmonella spp. 3(1.3%) and Enterococcus faecalis 13(5.7%). Most of the isolates were sensitive to levofloxacin, gentamicin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and resistant to ampiclox, chloramphenicol and erythromycin. Potentially pathogenic bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics can be spread by hand contact from ladies handbags.
Prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium among Qur’anic School Pupils in Zaria, Kaduna State
Authors: Anchau, Z.G.  , Silas P.C.  , Shaibu, M.A.
Published: December 2020

Urinary schistosomiasis is a major public health problem particularly in developing countries and is associated with high morbidity. The study aimed at determining the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among Qur’anic school pupils in Zaria, Kaduna State. One hundred and fifty-five (155) urine samples were collected from Qur’anic school pupils in Zaria. The samples were immediately transported to the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University (A.B.U), Zaria and processed using sedimentation technique. The ova of Schistosoma haematobium were detected in fifty-eight (58) samples giving a prevalence of 37.4%. The infection was highest in age group 10-12 years with 41.9%, followed by those in age range 13-15years (41.0%) while the least was observed among pupils between the ages of7- 9years (27.5%). Risk factors observed to be associated with schistosomiasis include; swimming in river or dam, fishing and place of laundry. The infection was associated with clinical signs and symptoms including abdominal pain, haematuria, painful and frequent urination. Regular community-based treatment should be conducted using anti-helminthic drugs to reduce urinary schistosomiasis.
Occurrence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci Isolated From Local Yoghurt Hawked in Gombe Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Hamza, A.J.  , Onaolopo, J.A.  , Bolaji, R.O  , Ibrahim I.H.
Published: December 2020

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were formally believed to be non-pathogenic but recent studies have implicated them as agents of some diseases. This study was designed to investigate the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of CoNS isolated from local yoghurt hawked in Gombe metropolis, Nigerian. A total of 177 local yoghurt samples from Gombe metropolis were investigated for the presence of CoNS using standard microbiological methods and confirm using Microgen Staph ID kit. The antibiotics susceptibility profile of the confirmed isolates was determined using disc diffusion method. Out of the 177 yoghurt samples, a total 24 (13.56%) were identified as CoNS which include: S. chromogenes 11(45.83%), S. haemolyticus 5(20.83), S. hominis 3(12.50%), S. warneri 3(12.50%), S. cohnis 1(4.17%) and S. ciuri 1(4.17%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that the isolates were highly resistant to ampicilin (75%) and cefoxitin (54.2%) but very sensitive to gentamicin (100%), vancomycin (95%) and chloramphenicol (100%). The study reveals the presence of CoNS in the study area that are highly resistant to conventional antibiotics. Thus, to ensure public health safety and to avoid transmission of drug resistant bacteria, there is the need to educate yoghurt producers, vendors and consumers on the importance of food safety by the relevant authorities.
Potentials of Acremonium butyri fungus in pre-treatment and hydrolysis using Rice husk substrate for biofuel production: A short communication
Authors: Sanusi, A.  , Sanusi, A.  , Farouq, A. A.  , Ibrahim, A. D.  , Shamsudeen, M. M.  , Usman, M. H.  , Bello, A. Y
Published: December 2020

There is increasing interest in the area of biofuel production due to fear of fossil fuel extinction as a result of over exploitation and crises. During biofuel production, substrate needs to undergo pre-treatment and hydrolysis where acids and alkali are mostly used. In this study, Acremonium butyri was used for both pre-treatment and hydrolysis. Structural compositions of the rice husk were determined. Extractives, hemicellulose and Lignin content was determined via extraction using Soxhlet extractor while cellulose was determined as the difference from the extractives, hemicelluloses and lignin. Acremonium butyri was isolated from dried roots of Piliostigma reticulatum (Kalgo) by keeping the roots in a clean plastic for a period of 7 days on moist environment after which fungal growth appeared. The growth was aseptically transferred on to prepared S.D.A plate and kept at room temperature. The fungal growth was identified as based on the physical and microscopic characteristics. About 50g of rice husk was mixed with 500 ml of distilled water in the ration of 1:10 to obtain homogenous slurry and then inoculated with 2ml of prepared Acremonium butyri solution and incubated at room temperature for up to
3 weeks with frequent shaking at certain intervals. Reducing sugar test was carried out to determine the reducing sugar released with UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results obtained indicate that rice husk contained 32%, 30%, 29% and 8.4% of cellulose, hemicelluloses, extractives and lignin respectively. And a total of 0.936g/l of reducing sugar was released after 3 weeks of pre-treatment. The results implies that Acremonium butyri separated the component of rice husk (pre-treatment) as well as break down cellulose and hemicelluloses into its monomers (hydrolysis) thereby releasing sugar. Hence, Acremonium butyri is a good microorganism for biological pre-tretment and hydrolysis.
Movimentos sociais e coletivos no Brasil contemporâneo: horizontalidade, redes sociais e novas formas de representação política
Authors: Thibes Mariana Zanata Thibes , Segurado Rosemary , Bachini Natasha Pereira , Chicarino Tathiana Senne
Published: December 2020

O artigo apresenta os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa empírica feita com atores coletivos de diversas regiões do Brasil, a partir da análise de entrevistas realizadas nos estados de São Paulo, Bahia, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Sul, Ceará e Mato Grosso do Sul. Foram abordadas questões sobre a estrutura, a organização, a concepção da ação política e coletiva, o papel das lideranças e as formas de comunicação das organizações. Com o objetivo de observar os variados modos contemporâneos de ativismo político e cultural no país, destacamos os sujeitos que emergiram na disputa política recente com foco na crítica à representação, atentando especialmente para um tipo que ainda foi pouco estudado pela literatura: os coletivos.

Palavras-chave: movimentos sociais; coletivos; ativismo político; ativismo cultural; horizontalidade; representação política.

 

Abstract

This paper presents partial results of empirical research realized in different regions of Brazil, conducted to collective actors, from interviews analysis realized in the states of São Paulo, Bahia, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Sul, Ceará e Mato Grosso do Sul. The questions were about the structure of the organization, the conception of political and collective action, the role of leaders, and the form of the organization's communication. Aiming to observe diverse contemporary ways of political and cultural activism in the country, we highlight the personages that emerged from the recent political struggle, focus on the critique to the representation, paying particular attention to the collectives.

Keywords: Social movements; collectives; political activism; cultural activism; horizontalidade; political representation

 

Resumen

El artículo presenta los resultados parciales de una investigación empírica realizada con actores colectivos de diferentes regiones de Brasil, a partir del análisis de entrevistas realizadas en los estados de São Paulo, Bahía, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Sul, Ceará y Mato Grosso do Sul. Se plantean cuestiones sobre la estructura, la organización, la concepción de la acción política y colectiva, el rol de los líderes y las formas de comunicación de las organizaciones. Para observar los diversos modos contemporáneos de activismo político y cultural en el país, destacamos los temas que surgieron en la reciente disputa política con un enfoque en la crítica a la representación, señalando un tipo que aún ha sido poco estudiado por la literatura: los colectivos.

Palabras clave: movimientos sociales; colectivo; activismo político; activismo cultural; horizontalidad; representación política.