bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internodal HER2 heterogeneity of axillary lymph node metastases in breast cancer patients
Authors: Baroš Ilija Vladimir , Tanasković Nataša , Pellas Ulrika , Eri Živka , Tadić Latinović Ljiljana , Tot Tibor
Published: April 2019

Determination of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status is important for adequate treatment of breast cancer (BC) patients. The novel HER2 gene protein assay (GPA) is particularly convenient, as it allows the simultaneous assessment of HER2 protein expression and gene amplification at individual cell level. Here we investigated the frequency of internodal HER2 heterogeneity in axillary lymph node macrometastases of BC patients and compared HER2 status between primary breast tumor and its metastases. We included a total of 41 female patients operated between 2014 and 2015 for primary BC with axillary lymph node macrometastases. Representative paraffin blocks of metastatic lymph nodes were sectioned and the slides were stained using the GPA in 38 BC cases. GPA results were assessed according to the ASCO/CAP 2013 criteria. We analyzed 12586 individual tumor cells, 120 cells per section of each metastatic lymph node. HER2 status differed between the primary tumor and its metastases in 5/38 cases (13.2%). In patients with at least two metastatic nodes, the HER2 status of lymph node metastases was only slightly different in 4/23 cases (17.4%). Our results indicate rare but substantial differences in HER2 status between primary breast tumor and its axillary lymph node metastases that may direct the choice and outcomes of targeted therapy in BC patients. The impact of the rare and subtle internodal HER2 heterogeneity evidenced in this study remains uncertain. Determining the HER2 status of lymph node metastases in BC seems to be rational, but assessing a limited number of metastatic nodes may be sufficient.
Birer Çevresel Vatandaş Olarak İlköğretim Öğrencileri: 6., 7. ve 8. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Çevresel Sorumlu Vatandaş Davranışlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖZDEMİR ÖZDEN Döndü , ÖZTÜRK Cemil
Published: April 2019

Bu araştırmada 6., 7. ve 8.
sınıf öğrencilerinin çevresel sorumlu vatandaş davranışlarını ne düzeyde sergilediklerini
ve bu davranışların çeşitli değişkenlere göre anlamlı farklılık gösterip
göstermediğini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada tarama modeli
kullanılmıştır. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen Çevresel Sorumlu
Vatandaş Davranışları Ölçeği aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırmaya
Eskişehir il merkezindeki 12 ilköğretim okulunda öğrenim gören 2007 öğrenci
katılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerinin analizinde frekans, aritmetik ortalama,
ilişkisiz örneklemler t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA)
kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ilköğretim
öğrencilerinin çevresel sorumlu vatandaş davranışlarının orta düzeyde olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca ilköğretim öğrencilerinin çevresel sorumlu vatandaş
davranışı düzeyleri arasında sınıf, akademik başarı, bir çevresel etkinliğe
katılma, eko okul öğrencisi olma değişkenleri açısından anlamlı fark olduğu
sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
NEW ALGORITHM FOR INVERSION OF GRAVITATIONAL DATA
Authors: Gryshchuk P.
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the description of the new algorithm for inversion of gravitational anomalies.The principle of the geological objects mass displacement is used for definition of its geometry. In the grid model, the movement of blocks is performed in four directions for a two-dimensional model. The motion and changing of density is determined in a random style. This algorithm defined the geometry of three rectangular bodies of model. The conditions for determining the exact form of gravity sources by the proposed approach were clarified. An analysis of the inversion of gravity acceleration anomalies from three bodies for sections, which consisted of three, four and five layers, was performed. The bodies of identical density were determined exactly for three and four layers, and with errors for the five layers. The model with two densities had some errors in determining the geometry of the bodies. Scientific novelty is related to the development of new algorithm, which is based on the principle of movingfor density between blocks. The new approach fulfils gravity inversion much faster than the genetic algorithm. The practical significance is determination of the number of layers needed for a proper inversion of gravity anomalies. The main factors influencing the accuracy of geometry are the data of body density and the number of layers. The method was used for the interpretation of gravity data over the coal deposits of the Donbas.

The model consisted of five layers and a range of minimum to their maximum densities for the geological section. Data of the inversion was determined by the depth to the surface of the limestone, which is confirmed by the data of the drilling. The developed approach determines the geometry of section from density, which is important for geological, search and environmental tasks.
Ecological and genetic bases for construction of highly effective nitrogen-fixing microbe-plant symbioses
Authors: Provorov Nikolai A. , Onishchuk Olga P.
Published: April 2019

Expression of quantitative traits characterizing the N2-fixing symbiosis of nodule bacteria and leguminous plants is associated with operation of the evolutionary derived polygenic systems controlling the symbiotic efficiency (SE) (impact of inoculation on the plant productivity) and nodulation competitiveness (NC) (formation of nodules by rhizobia under mixed inoculation). Optimization of balance between positive and negative symbiotic regulators aimed at an increase of nitrogenase activity and at a complete allocation of its products into the plant metabolism provides the generation of rhizobia strains with high SE and NC. Inactivation of the negative symbiotic regulators often results in a decreased survival of rhizobia under the edaphic stresses but is responsible for a balanced increase of plant biomass and N accumulation. Improvement of symbiotic activity is to be based on the complementary interactions of microorganisms with the genetically engineered plant cultivars which are able for selection from soil of actively fi xing N2 rhizobia strains and for their preferential multiplication in nodules. Construction of highly effective microbe-plant systems should be based on modifications of mechanisms controlling symbiosis development from the plant and bacterial sides providing the maintenance of N2-fixing zone in nodules and synthesis of NCR proteins activating the bacteroid differentiation.
Endophytic microorganisms in fundamental research and agriculture
Authors: Vasileva Ekaterina N. , Akhtemova Gulnar A. , Zhukov Vladimir A. , Tikhonovich Igor A.
Published: April 2019

The ubiquity of endophytic microorganisms is an accepted fact nowadays and the possibility of using it in agriculture keeps attracting attention of scientific community. In contrast to rhizospheric (living on root surface) and phyllospheric (colonizing aerial parts of plants) members of plant-microbial interactions endophytes are able to establish closer relationships with host-plant, in some cases strongly influencing its phenotype, bringing benefits. However, these microorganisms do not form any specific structures like nodules in case of symbiosis between legumes and rhizobium bacteria. Having a great amount of functions including phytohormone level modulation, vitamins production and nutrient supply improving, endophytes could serve as a basis for biofertilizer, which could potentially minimize the necessity of mineral fertilizers, thus reducing the negative impact of the latter on soil fertility, biodiversity and human health. Our main aim here is to highlight the question of functional significance of endophytes and endophytic bacteria in particular, as well as the way of its application in agriculture and to identify key points in understanding biology of these organisms. In this review we will consider such aspects of plant-endophytic symbiosis as biodiversity of legume and non-legume endophytes, ecology of endophytes and some ways which are commonly in use by studying these microorganisms.
Histological and ultrastructural nodule organization of the pea (Pisum sativum) mutant sgefix–-5 in the Sym33 gene encoding the transcription factor PsCYCLOPS/PsIPD3
Authors: Tsyganova Anna V. , Ivanova Kira A. , Tsyganov Viktor E.
Published: April 2019

Background. The transcription factor CYCLOPS/IPD3 is a key activator of the organogenesis of symbiotic nodules. Its participation in the development of infection threads and symbiosomes is also shown. In pea, three mutant alleles were identified for this gene (sym33-1 sym33-3). The phenotypic manifestations of the sym33-3 allele of the SGEFix-2 mutant, characterized by a leaky phenotype (the formation of two types of nodules: white and pinkish) were the most studied. The sym33-2 allele in the mutant SGEFix-5 was described as a strong allele, however, its phenotypic manifestations have not been studied in detail.
Materials and methods. In this study, the histological and ultrastructural nodule organization of the SGEFix-5 mutant was analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.
Results. In the nodules locked infection threads were observed, from which no bacteria release into the cytoplasm of the plant cell occurs. In this case, in some infection threads, bacteria were degraded, which may indicate the activation of strong defense reactions in the nodules of the SGEFix-5 mutant.
Conclusions. The sym33-2 allele in the mutant SGEFix-5 is a strong allele, which triggers the severe defense reactions, when rhizobia are already perceived as pathogens in infection threads.
O século V a.C. e o ano de 2017: a tragédia feminina no Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Marco Aurélio
Published: April 2019

No ano de 2017 no Brasil, em particular na cidade de São Paulo, inúmeras foram as montagens que levaram à cena as questões políticas da atual situação do país, bem como também deram voz às grandes questões sociais do momento, como o discurso de gênero e o papel da mulher na sociedade. Antígona, de Sófocles, apresentada em 441 a.C., e Medeia, de Eurípides, encenada em 431 a.C., ganharam releituras que enfatizam justamente o caráter perturbador de um discurso que há mais de dois mil anos persiste em apartar a mulher dos problemas da comunidade, tirando-lhe o direito de expressão. Assim, ao colocar as personagens de Antígona e Medeia em cena, retomando um discurso milenar, as companhias resgataram o caráter universal da tragédia, portanto atemporal, e avultaram, cada qual a seu modo, os valores éticos que, já postos em discussão naquele tempo, ainda hoje se perpetuam e demandam atenção.
História e teatro em Trindade-GO: Do Barro Preto à Rua da Alegria
Authors: Batista Walquiria Pereira
Published: April 2019

Com o presente artigo, pretendemos estudar como o Grupo Desencanto de Teatro recria a história de Trindade-GO nas peças Povo da Villa de Barro Preto de Goyaz e Rua da Alegria. Para tanto, faremos uma introdução indicando de que perspectiva relacionaremos arte e vida, trazendo à baila a noção de representação como ponto comum do teatro e da história cultural, inserindo, nesse mesmo raciocínio, o campo da cidade e a questão do imaginário urbano. Após uma breve apresentação do Grupo Desencanto de Teatro, realizaremos uma análise dramatúrgica dos espetáculos em estudo com o objetivo de verificar como reconstituem a história da cidade de Trindade ao mesmo tempo em que repensam esse processo histórico. Conforme veremos, ambas as obras discutem condutas e valores, ora questionando sujeitos legitimados pela história ortodoxa, como líderes políticos e religiosos, ora focando um grupo de mulheres que foram excluídas e apagadas pelo discurso oficial.
Os traços estéticos no teatro áureo barroco e sua vocação ético-doutrinária em Lope de Vega e Calderón
Authors: Dutra Del Castillo Carlos Giovani
Published: April 2019

O período mais frutífero da literatura espanhola se desenvolveu entre os séculos XVI e XVII, dentro do conhecido "Século de Ouro" e que abrange o contexto histórico-literário do barroco. Este trabalho sintetiza um estudo sobre o auge do teatro barroco por meio de dois de seus principais expoentes: Lope de Vega e Calderón de la Barca. Dessa forma, o intuito é discutir os aspectos estéticos e éticos do barroco espanhol, dentro do gênero dramático desse período.
Akut pankreatitli hastalarda akut böbrek hasarını öngörmedeki nötrofil lenfosit oranının rolü
Authors: Bıyık Zeynep
Published: April 2019

Giriş ve Amaç: Bir inflamasyon belirteci olan nötrofil lenfosit oranının çeşitli hastalıklarda akut böbrek hasarı gelişimini predikte ettiği gösterilmiştir. Biz de akut pankreatitte akut böbrek hasarını predikte etmede nötrofil lenfosit oranının rolünü araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya Eylül 2016 ve Eylül 2018 yılları arasında Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde akut pankreatit tanısı ile takip edilen 186 hasta dahil edildi. Akut pankreatit tanısı ve şiddetinin belirlenmesinde Atlanta sınıflaması kullanıldı. Hastaların acile ilk başvuru sırasındaki laboratuvar değerleri ve prognostik skorlama sistemleri kullanıldı. Akut böbrek hasarı tanısı ve evrelemesi için KDIGO kriterleri kullanıldı.  Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 186 hastanın yaş ortalaması 59.3±17.3 olup %59.7’si kadındı. Hastaların %26.3’ünde akut böbrek hasarı gelişmişti. Akut böbrek hasarı gelişen hastalar akut böbrek hasarı gelişmeyen hastalarla karşılaştırıldığında daha ileri yaşta oldukları ve hipertansiyon sıklığının daha fazla olduğu görüldü (her ikisi için  p <0.001). Akut böbrek hasarı gelişen hastaların yatış süreleri ve yoğun bakım yatış süreleri anlamlı olarak uzun bulundu (her ikisi için p=0.001). Akut böbrek hasarı grubunda beyaz küre ve nötrofil sayıları anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunurken lenfosit sayısı anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu (her üçü için de p <0.001). Hastaneye kabulde bakılan nötrofil lenfosit oranı ve C-reaktif protein de akut böbrek hasarı grubunda anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (her ikisi için p <0.001). Hematokrit, trombosit ve kırmızı kan hücreleri dağılım genişliği değerleri her iki grupta benzerdi (p >0.05). Akut pankreatit hastalarında akut böbrek hasarı gelişimini bağımsız olarak predikte eden faktörleri belirlemek için yapılan multivariate regresyon analizinde yaş (OR: 0.964, %95 CI: 0.925-1.004, p: 0.008), nötrofil lenfosit oranı (OR: 1.096, %95 CI: 1.028-1.170, p: 0.005) ve BISAP skoru (OR: 6.582, %95 CI: 2.810-15.414, p <0.001)  bağımsız etkili faktörler olarak belirlendi. Akut böbrek hasarını öngörmede nötrofil lenfosit oranının ROC eğrisinin altında kalan alan (area under curve) 0.813 (%95 CI 0.742-0.883), 11.24 kesme değeri için duyarlılık %73.4 ve özgüllük ise %81.4 olarak tespit edildi. Sonuç: Hastaneye kabulde bakılan nötrofil lenfosit oranı akut pankreatitli hastalarda akut böbrek hasarı gelişimini predikte etmede faydalı bir belirteç olabilir.
Biochemical Diversity of Sweetpotato Genotypes
Authors: Ochieng L.A.
Published: April 2019

A comprehensive analysis of the variation in sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] is essential for sound germplasm conservation and recommendation strategies for production and consumption. The study evaluated biochemical content of 68 sweetpotato genotypes grown at the Miyare Agriculture Training College and Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Embu, Kenya. Ten storage root and seven aerial traits were used in the characterization. Storage root dry matter, protein and total carotenoids contents were all higher at the Miyare Agriculture Training College site compared to the Embu site; storage root sucrose and total starch content was higher in Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Embu, compared to the Miyare Agriculture Training College. Dry mater content ranged from 22.9% to 41.7%, protein content ranged from 5.2% to 13.4%, total carotenoids content ranged from 5.9 µg∙g-1 to 33.1 µg∙g-1, sucrose content ranged from 11.0 mg kg-1 to 108.5 mg kg-1, and total starch ranged from 9.1 mg kg-1 to 97.6 mg kg-1. The study demonstrates varying biochemical characteristics in sweetpotato, depending on genotypes and location. Selecting and improving sweet potago genotypes rich in biochemical contents could help to solve the problem of food security and nutrition, especially in developing countries.
Diversity of Weed Species in Farms Kisii Central Sub-County, Western Kenya
Authors: Nyamwamu Charles N. , Karanja Rebecca , Mwangi Peter
Published: April 2019

This study sought to determine species diversity and Importance Values (IV) of weeds in farms in Kisii Central Sub County, Western Kenya. Eight administrative sub-locations were randomly selected. Ten farms were selected at equal distance along transect laid across each sub-location. Quadrant and a line transect laid across each farm were used to collect weed species. Five rectangular quadrants of 0.5x2m were established in each farm and individuals of each weed species identified and counted. Importance value (IV) for each weed species was computed from density, frequency and abundance. Diversity was computed by Shannon index (H’). Twenty four weed species from 22 genera in 10 families were recorded, Family Asteraceae had the highest number of species (6), followed by Solanaceae and Poaceae with 4 and 3 species respectively. The dominant weed species were Galinsoga parviflora(IV=241.6%), Pennisetum clandestinum(IV=215.8.7%),Bidens pilosa(IV=196.7%), Cynodon dactylon (IV=192.4%), Digitaria scalarum(IV=180.8%) and Cyperus esculentus(172.0%). Weed species diversity was higher (H'=2.81).
Social entrepreneurship in Russia: current state and development features
Authors: Ivashchenko N. P. , Bulygina N. I.
Published: April 2019

Purpose: this work aims to analyze the current development of social entrepreneurship in Russia, identify the characteristic features that accompany the development of the phenomenon, and analyze the financial sustainability of modern Russian social enterprises.

Methods: to achieve the stated goal, theoretical research methods – abstraction, analysis and synthesis were used. With the help of these methods, first of all, for the theoretical basis of the concept (review and evaluation of existing approaches to the definition of a phenomenon and similar concepts, as well as developing definition for research purposes), identifying problems of the conceptual apparatus and criteria in practice. As a result, the issues of qualitative and quantitative research of the phenomenon in Russia, as well as for a comparative analysis of social enterprises, supported by a specialized fund in 2015 (data provided by SPARK database). The paper also applied methods of empirical research, economic and, in some cases, financial analysis, namely, a comparison of companies in the sample of interest using the general methodology of financial comparison of enterprises. Within the framework of the study, the composition, direction and lifetime of social and entrepreneurial projects are analyzed using the example of a specific sample, and a formal, legally formalized representation of enterprises of social entrepreneurship in the Spark database.

Results: the study showed that at the current time the analysis of the activities of many social enterprises is significantly hampered by their chosen organizational and legal form of activity, many enterprises are unstable or have ceased operations.

Conclusions and Relevance: the study found that modern social enterprises have a heterogeneous composition and often a very unstable financial situation several years after receiving support. This result allows us to conclude that it is necessary to test the initial hypotheses on a larger sample. So, the further study of the conditionality of the duration of the "life" of the social enterprise with the initial parameters of the enterprise, such as, for example, the organizational legal form, and also the dependence of the duration of active entrepreneurial activity on the chosen social orientation – after all, small and medium enterprises themselves are rather unstable structures. Based on the conducted research, a hypothesis is also put forward on the need for comprehensive and long-term support of social and entrepreneurial projects.
Domestic engineering as a factor of scientific and technological development of the Russian economy
Authors: Borisov V. N. , Pochukaevа O. V.
Published: April 2019

Purpose:study of the impact of innovation and technological development of engineering industries on the effectiveness of the impact of engineering factors on the growth and development of the economy.

Methods: in conducting the study, the methods and tools developed by the authors based on the scientific base and the mathematical apparatus used in economic and statistical research were used.

Results: the following tasks were solved: analysis of the efficiency of the functioning of the engineering industries in terms of contribution to the formation of gross value added, import substitution and export of products; analysis of the development of engineering production and its impact on the economy of the regions of the Russian Federation. Quantitative estimates of the effectiveness of the structural and dynamic indicators of the functioning of engineering industries have been obtained. This made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the machinebuilding factor impact on the growth and development of the economy of the regions of the Russian Federation.

Conclusions and Relevance: a special place of engineering in the structure of the economy determines the energy of its positive impact on the development of the entire industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The increase in the share of GVA, the growth of exports and import substitution indicates a positive shift in engineering towards the growth of competitiveness. Modernization of as a system of measures aimed at expanding the production base at a new technological level using the groundwork of domestic science and attracting advanced technologies is a necessary condition for involving other manufacturing industries and the entire real economy in the process of innovation and technological reequipment. It has been established that in regions with a higher level of production diversification, the influence of the mechanical-engineering factor is increasing, which contributes to an increase in the efficiency of the processing industries. The relevance of our research is due to the need to obtain quantitative estimates of the effectiveness of the functioning of the regions under the influence of a combination of factors of innovation and technological development of mechanical engineering.
Vascular Parkinsonism and Cognitive Impairment without Lobar Hemorrhage related to Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Authors: Forteza FJ Ros
Published: April 2019

Clinical recognition of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy is difficult due to clinical and imagiological heterogeneity. The Modified Boston Criteria for diagnosis of ‘probable Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy’ pathologically validated in 2010 had an increase in sensitivity with only a modest decrease in specificity. Following case illustrates a diagnostic challenge to an elderly patient with vascular risk factors, neurodegenerative symptomatology with multiple cerebral vascular lesions (ischemic and hemorrhagic, without lobar hemorrhage). The use of a non-invasive amyloid marker would be useful in atypical clinical courses of patients with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.
Авангардные новации цифровой трансформации российского сельского хозяйства
Authors: Вартанова Марина Львовна , Дробот Елена Валерьевна
Published: April 2019

Аннотация. В статье проведен анализ особенностей внедрения и развития эффективных, цифровых технологий в сельском хозяйстве России. В качестве ключевой проблемы российского агропромышленного комплекса выделена низкая производительность и высокие издержки. Также авторами выделены перспективные направления цифровизации агропромышленного комплекса.
İş Yaşamında Farklı Kuşaklardaki İş Güvencesizliği ve İş-Aile Çatışması Algısı
Authors: Atılgan Özgür
Published: April 2019

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, çoklu kuşak teorisine dayanarak Türkiye’ de farklı kuşaktaki
iş görenlerin iş güvencesizliği ve iş-aile çatışması algılarına göre
farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını tespit etmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda
oluşturulan iki hipotez İstanbul ilinde faaliyet gösteren altı farklı vakıf
üniversitesinden 335 akademisyenden elde edilen verilere ANOVA analizi
uygulanarak test edilmiştir. Uygulanan analizler sonucunda, Y (1980-1995) ve X
kuşağına (1966-1979) mensup akademisyenlerin iş güvencesizliği algısının bebek
patlaması (1945-1965) kuşağına mensup akademisyenlerin iş güvencesizliği
algısından daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İş-aile çatışması algısı
bakımından ise Y, X ve bebek patlaması kuşağına mensup akademisyenler arasında
anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Dolayısıyla, oluşturulan iki
hipotezden, yalnızca biri kısmen desteklendiği için, çoklu kuşak teorisinin
Türkiye örnekleminde geçerliliğinin tartışmalı olduğu iddia edilebilir.
Análise exploratória de indicadores de desempenho
Authors: Da Silva Alini , Ramos Sheila Patrícia , Kroenke Adriana , Hein Nelson
Published: April 2019

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo verificar o agrupamento de indicadores de desempenho em três dimensões, como: desempenho econômico, desempenho financeiro e desempenho de mercado, por meio da análise fatorial exploratória. Para tanto, utilizou-se metodologia com caráter descritivo, documental e quantitativo. A amostra do estudo correspondeu a 101 empresas listadas na Brasil, Bolsa e Balcão – B3, no período de 2010 a 2016. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se análise fatorial exploratória. Os resultados demonstraram que os indicadores de desempenho financeiro (liquidez corrente, liquidez seca, liquidez imediata e liquidez geral) se agruparam em um único fator de acordo com o estipulado pela literatura, os demais grupos de desempenho econômico e de mercado não tiveram a associação de todos os indicadores conforme estipulado pela literatura. Observou-se, também, que conforme há variação dos setores de atuação, há variação na importância de indicadores econômicos, financeiros e de mercado.
Zastosowanie sztucznej inteligencji do prawa podatkowego: Spojrzenie w przeszłość, teraźniejszość i przyszłość
Authors: Kuźniacki Błażej
Published: April 2019

Artykuł koncentruje się przede wszystkim na potencjale zastosowanie sztucznej inteligencji do prawa podatkowego. Główne pytanie badawcze dotyczy możliwości uzyskania wsparcia ze strony sztucznej inteligencji przez podatników, organy podatkowe i sądy w zakresie stosowania prawa podatkowego. Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na to pytanie badawcze poprzez przedstawienie genezy, obecnego stanu oraz potencjału rozwojowego zastosowania sztucznej inteligencji do prawa podatkowego.
PERAN STRESOR HARIAN, OPTIMISME DAN REGULASI DIRI TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP INDIVIDU DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Kusumadewi Melina Dian
Published: April 2019

The aim of this research is to analyze the role of daily stress, optimsm and self regulation  toward the quality of life of type 2 individual with diabetic mellitus. The hypothesis of this research are: 1). There is a negative relationship between daily stress and quality of life; 2). Optimsm as moderate relation between daily stress and quality of life; 3). Autonom self regulation as moderate relation between daily stress and quality of life; 4). Controlled self regulation as mediator relation daily stress and quality of life. Research Methodology: The research is conducted among individuals who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetic mellitus in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. There are 64 subjects who completed the research tools (daily stress, optimism, self regulation and quality of life scale) started from January 4th– February 12 2010. The research shows that there is a  negative relation between daily stress and quality of life (r = 0,265; F = 22,304; p = 0,000; p < 0,01; significant). The result of moderate regression analysis shows optimsm is not moderate variable, but autonom self regulation is moderate variable (β = 0,004; p < 0,001; significant). The result of path analysis shows that controlled self regulation is mediator relation of daily stress and quality of life (p = 0,045; p < 0,05; significant). There is a negative significant relation between daily stress and quality of life. Optimism is not significant as moderate variable relation between daily stress and quality of life. Autonom regulation is significant as moderate relation between daily stress and quality of life. Controlled self regulation is significant as mediator relation of daily stress and quality of life.

 
Strategi Peningkatan Kemandirian Anak Usia Dini di TK. Dharma Wanita Brumbung 1 Kediri
Authors: Puspitasari Dina Mei , Sa'diyah Elok Halimatus
Published: April 2019

The development of one's independence toward perfection becomes very important to be pursued since the early, more serious, systematic and programmed. As has been trying to do by the teacher in kindergarten. Dharma Wanita Brumbung I in order to increase the independence of children. Researchers interested in conducting research on the theme "Independence Strategy Increase Of Early Childhood In Kindergarten Dharma Wanita Brumbung I ".The research approach is qualitative. Techniques of data collection in this study is by interview, observation and documentation. Data analysis : data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification of data. Subjects : 4 Women Brumbung I TK.Dharma teachers, where teachers who hold full responsibility for the child, while the child is in school.The results showed that strategy pursued in kindergarten teachers includes: provide positive self-understanding early childhood, which gives confidece and responsibility to the child.
Perbandingan Teori Struktur Kepribadian Sigmund Freud dan Imam Al-Ghazali
Authors: Jamaluddin Muhammad
Published: April 2019

Manusia adalah makhluk Tuhan yang memiliki potensi istimewa dibandingkan dengan makhluk lain. Oleh karena itu, manusia telah lama menjadi sebuah obyek kajian di kalangan psikolog dari berbagai aliran. Tiap aliran memandang manusia berdasarkan konsep dan metode yang diungkapkannya masing-masing. Hanya saja, aliran-aliran tersebut banyak yang mengkaji manusia terbatas pada aspek fisiologis dan psikologisnya saja. Salah satu alirannya adalah Psikoanalisa yang dipelopori oleh Sigmund Freud. Aliran ini menganggap bahwa kepribadian itu terdiri dari id, ego dan super ego. Meskipun ketiga sistem itu memilki fungsi dan prinsip masing-masing, namun tingkah laku manusia sebenarnya merupakan hasil dari interaksi ketiga sistem tersebut. Selain itu, Freud juga membagi kesadaran manusia menjadi alam sadar (counsciousnes), alam pra sadar (pre-counsciousnes) dan alam tidak sadar (uncounsciousnes). Aliran psikologi ini lebih banyak pada membahas manusia dalam aspek jismiah (raga) dan nafsiah (jiwa) saja, tidak pernah menjangkau aspek manusia yang ketiga, yaitu aspek ruhaniah. Oleh karena itu, untuk melengapi kajian mengenai manusia secara sempurna, salah satu pemikir Islam, yakni Imam Al-Ghazali mengatakan bahwa dua dimensi di atas (raga dan jiwa) hanya menjadi telaah psikologi saja, sementara dimensi ketiga (ruh) menjadi kajian utama tasawufnya dalam rangka menjadikan manusia sesuai dengan potensi dasarnya yang bersifat spiritual. Berdasarkan pembedaan dimensi-dimensi ini, Al-Ghazali membagi kualitas-kualitas manusia menjadi aspek kejiwaan dan daya-dayanya, maqamat, herarkhi (pola berjenjang) metode peningkatan diri dan metode perbaikan diri (behavior modification), diantaranya melalui tazkiyah al-nafs (penyucian jiwa) dengan cara takhalli (pengosongan jiwa dari sifat-sifat tercela), tahalli (mengisi jiwa yang telah kosong dan menghiasinya dengan akhlak yang terpuji), dan tajalli (ketersingkapnya penutup antara hamba dan Tuhannya).
Capacidad de formación de apatitas de películas delgadas de hidroxiapatita modificadas por ablación láser
Authors: Mizuno Andrea Muñoz , Daza-Cuadros Jenny Paola , Quintero-Quiroz Carlos Eduardo , Peña-Ballesteros Darío Yesid , Sandoval-Amador Anderson Andrés
Published: April 2019

En este trabajo se analizó el efecto que tiene la modificación por ablación laser de superficies de hidroxiapatita sintetizados por sol gel en la capacidad de formación de apatitas mediante ensayos in vitro. Para ello se crecieron capas de titanato de sodio sobre discos de la aleación de Ti6Al4V mediante inmersión en NaOH 10 M a 60ºC durante 24 horas. Luego se prepararon los recubrimientos de hidroxiapatita utilizando como precursores el nitrato de calcio tetrahidratado y el trietil fosfito por el método sol-gel y la técnica dip-coating. Finalmente se realizó un patronamiento por medio de un láser Nd: YAG, con una energía de trabajo de 1.3 mJ. La hidroxiapatita se evaluó y caracterizó empleando las técnicas de Difracción de Rayos X, Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido y Espectroscopía de Energía Dispersiva de rayos x. Con el fin de evaluar la reactividad de las superficies se realizó una inmersión en fluido corporal simulado y se llevó a cabo análisis de absorción atómica de calcio, para observar los fenómenos de disolución y precipitación de este ion, y se determinó que las muestras tratadas a 600°C indujeron una mejor respuesta al crecimiento de apatitas, sin embargo, todos los recubrimientos presentan características que permitirían que estos recubrimientos sean usados como implantes en sustitutos óseos.
Functional and cost- benefits of geosynthetics as subgrade reinforcement in the design of flexible pavement
Authors: Sivapriya S. Vijayasimhan , Ganesh-Kumar Shanmugam
Published: April 2019

The vertical stress exerted by the vehicles will be high in a populated road and to increase the bearing capacity of subgrade characteristics, geosynthetic material can be used. In the current study different geosynthetic material such as geo-grid, geo-textile and geo-membrane were used to as a subgrade reinforcement member inside the CBR mould for understanding the improvement in subgrade  for single, two and three geosynthetic layering  in the CBR mould. The results show there was a constant increase in the bearing with the increase in a number of layers and this improvement varied with type of geosynthetic materials also. Among three geosynhteic materials, geogrid shows improved CBR characteristics. Finally, Cost analysis and design of flexible pavement were carried for an optimum number of layers for geogrids. There was reduction of about 6.38% in the cost of construction when using geogrid as subgrade reinforcement member.
¿Pueden las transferencias federales afectar el esfuerzo fiscal, la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas de los gobiernos locales? México 2003-2013
Authors: Mendoza Velázquez Alfonso
Published: April 2019

Antecedentes: la segunda generación de modelos de federalismo fiscal (SGFF) advierte que la dependencia fiscal puede incitar la pereza de los gobiernos locales y estancar la generación de ingresos propios; además, puede promover la corrupción y una menor rendición de cuentas (Oates, 2005). Este trabajo somete a prueba la hipótesis de sacrificio de la rendición de cuentas y de la transparencia por una mayor interdependencia fiscal de los gobiernos subnacionales en México (Gamkhar y Shah, 2007).Metodología: estimamos un modelo de vectores autorregresivos de datos panel (VARP) que permite examinar la interrelación dinámica de las variables para el periodo de 2003 a 2013.Resultados: encontramos evidencia de la causalidad del entorno fiscal federal sobre el esfuerzo fiscal, la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas, de acuerdo con el nivel de desarrollo de las entidades federativas.Conclusiones: los resultados aportan evidencia de que mayores transferencias se asocian con mayor pereza recaudatoria, menor transparencia y mayor rendición financiera de cuentas. De la misma manera, un mayor desarrollo económico revela efectos dinámicos positivos del esfuerzo fiscal hacia la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas.
Quais são os efeitos do envelhecimento populacional nos sistemas previdenciários de Brasil, Espanha e França?
Authors: Amaro Lucas Campos , Afonso Luís Eduardo
Published: April 2019

O objetivo do trabalho é analisar os impactos do envelhecimento populacional sobre os regimes previdenciários de repartição de três países: Brasil, Espanha e França. Os benefícios e as contribuições são calculados com base nas regras atuais e nas projeções populacionais por sexo e grupo etário, até 2100. De 2016 a 2100, o número de benefícios programáveis nos três países deverá aumentar 235%, 54% e 73%, respectivamente. Em 2050, ceteris paribus, o déficit brasileiro será de USD 188 bilhões, alcançando USD 260 bilhões em 2100. Para França e Espanha, os valores corresponderão a USD 134 bilhões e USD 92 bilhões. Em 2100 o déficit per capita espanhol será o mais elevado: USD 7.200, contra USD 5.400 para a França e USD 3.300 para o Brasil. São feitos ainda dois exercícios adicionais. O primeiro é o cálculo da alíquota de contribuição necessária de equilíbrio. Em 2016 a alíquota já deveria ser de 40% para o Brasil, 23% para a França e 32% para a Espanha. Em 2050, se nada for feito, a alíquota brasileira ultrapassará absurdos 100% e, em 2100, superará irreais 160%. O segundo exercício foi o cálculo do benefício médio de equilíbrio. Para a Espanha, haveria redução de USD 884 mensais para USD 372 em 2050. Para o Brasil, o atual benefício de equilíbrio de USD 248 seria reduzido em 2050 para USD 98. O decréscimo no Brasil (60%) é praticamente igual ao da Espanha (58%). Os resultados proporcionam evidências sobre a necessidade de reformas previdenciárias devido ao envelhecimento.
Determinantes do emprego secundário e informalidade: evidências adicionais para o mercado de trabalho brasileiro
Authors: Pereira Rafael Mesquita , Galvão Maria Cristina , Maxir Henrique dos Santos
Published: April 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar os fatores que determinam a escolha de um indivíduo por um emprego secundário e como tal decisão está relacionada com a informalidade. Para tanto, a partir dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) contínua, é estimado um modelo logit de efeitos aleatórios para verificar os fatores que influenciam nesta decisão de inserção. Os resultados apontam que o rendimento do trabalho principal, a escolaridade e a informalidade no emprego principal influenciam positivamente na decisão dos trabalhadores em ingressar em um emprego secundário.
An Integrated Study of Water Coning Control with Downhole Water Sink Completion Approaches in Multilayered - Strong Water Drive Reservoir to Improve Oil Recovery
Authors: Jupriansyah Jupriansyah
Published: April 2019

A reservoir with bottom water drive mechanism has a high tendency to generate water coning effect in their production life. As a result of water coning phenomenon, the well has a low critical safe rate which limits the productivity of the reservoir. Consequently, a new innovation for completion design in an oil well with a bottom aquifer drive is needed. The author offers a Downhole Water Sink (DWS) system to solve this problem.

DWS is a dual completion design innovation where two tubing strings are installed into the well to produce both water and oil simultaneously by different tubing. The main principle of DWS is to create a stable pressure drawdown in oil and water zone so that a stable oil-water contact is formed. DWS application in a multilayered reservoir expected to be able to resolve the water coning phenomenon thus the recovery factor increased and the well becomes economic to be produced. In this paper, the study approach involved by numerical simulation within IMPES methodology (Implicit Pressure Explicit Saturation) and Thomas’s algorithm to solve iteration. Completion modeling is creating two wells on the similar coordinate in several layered reservoirs aims to produce oil and water separately on tubing on the well.

The percentage of water cut on oil production tubing is 0% while the percentage of water cut on water production tubing is 100%. This thing shows that DWS completion system will give a greater cumulative oil production in a high production rate and the oil is oil-free water. It is observed that the successful implementation of DWS in a multilayered reservoir is taken place. The well with DWS design configuration for the WDP system shows a better performance of oil productivity compares to a conventional well completion design. This result is supported by no water production observed at oil production tubing on the surface well level. There are some parameters that affect DWS system application modeling i.e. mobility ratio, vertical and absolute horizontal permeability (kv & kh) also perforation interval.

Down-Hole Water Sink is an appropriate innovation to eliminate water coning and producing oil with high recovery factor. DWS application in a multilayered reservoir with bottom aquifer driving mechanism shows a better performance of oil productivity compares to a conventional well completion design. This result is supported by no water production observed at oil production tubing on the surface well level.
A Case Study on Treating Oil Contaminants and Heavy Metal of Produced Water Through Phytoremediation Using Reed Bed Technology: A Success Story of 15 Years Operation of Heglig Oil Field of Sudan
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Ibrahim Yasir , Atta Badrelddin , Singh Vijendra , Musa Elmubarak Omer , Razak Chik Adnan , Tripathi Bamdeo , Vidyasagar V.
Published: April 2019

Produced water is an inextricable part of the hydrocarbon recovery processes. Safe and environmentally benign disposal of produced water is a major concern for all the oil fields across the world in the present low cost and stringent environmental & statutory compliance era. Many technology available in the market to treat produced water oil contaminants but economical treatment of heavy metal content is still a great challenges for oil industries for safe disposal.

Therefore, New innovative technology i.e. Reed bed technology has been adopted in Heglig field of Sudan to treat the produced water and heavy metal economically through phytoremediation. After successful implementation in Heglig oil field, it is being implemented in other surrounding oil field also.

It is probably a world largest Phytoremediation/Bio-remediation system using Reed Bed technology operating successfully for last 15 years. It is environmental friendly, solar energy driven clean up techniques. This paper not only elucidate, how reed bed removes oil contaminants and heavy metals but also provide clear picture of how this project provide shelter for flora, fauna, other species that help to maintain ecological and environmental balance. Research has also demonstrated that reed-bed technology is feasible and resilient in treating oil produced water
Application of Pseudo Voidage Replacement Ratio Pseudo VRR Concept to Optimize 5 Spot Polymer Flood: A Mangala Field Case Study
Authors: Grover Kavish , Kolay Jayabrata , Kumar Ritesh , Ghosh Priyam , Shekhar Sunit , Agrawal Nitesh , Das Joyjit
Published: April 2019

For any typical water flood or polymer flood management, maintaining optimum Voidage Replacement Ratio (VRR) is most crucial for optimizing reservoir performance. In a typical patternflood, a single injector supports many nearby producers, determining its contribution to particular producer is subjective and has inherent uncertainties. To avoid these uncertainties in allocation factor, a novel approach using simulation model based voidage compensation on pattern by pattern basis has been proposed in this paper.

History matched simulation model, which has been sectored into 5-spot producer centric patterns, forms the basis of this study. Voidage replacements are analyzed on these producer centric 5-spot patterns. Sectoral voidage created is determined using change in hydrocarbon pore volume (HCPV), water pore volume (WPV) and production from the sector. Sectoral Voidage Compensation Ratio (or Pseudo VRR) thus calculated is representative of the net change due to injection and production. The advantage is that it does not require any numerical allocation factor, rather is based on fluid movements within a pattern as predicted by the simulation model. This method thus provides a new approach to analyze pattern performance.

Along with VRR, pattern wise recovery and interwell channeling/cycling are the key parameters for any water flood performance analysis. A workflow has been proposed to rank the patterns based on these parameters and categorizing them into problem buckets. Actions corresponding to each bucket have been proposed. This forms the basis of strategizing improvements in well-by-well and pattern-by-pattern performance for optimizing field performance.
Gas Assisted Gravity Drainage GAGD for Improving Recovery from a Field in North-East India
Authors: Baruah Nabajit , Mandal Dipak , Jena Smita Swarupa , Sahu Sunil Kumar
Published: April 2019

This paper examines the prospect of Gas Assisted Gravity Drainage (GAGD) process in improving recovery from a sandstone reservoir by injecting produced gas back into the crestal part of the reservoir. Besides recovery improvement, immiscible gas injection ensures near Zero Flaring strategy. The process has been found to be ideal in reservoirs with high permeability and reasonable dip to maximize oil production wherever a sufficient gas source exists. Based on the study, gas injection is recommended at the crestal part of the reservoir under study at the rate equivalent to the produced gas to maintain pressure, arrest gas cap shrinkage and improve recovery.
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence as a Complement to Condition Monitoring in a Predictive Maintenance Setting
Authors: Settemsdal Stig
Published: April 2019

In recent years, the oil and gas industry has gained greater operational efficiencies and productivity by deploying advanced technologies, such as smart sensors, data analytics, artificial intelligence and machine learning — all linked via Internet of Things connectivity. This transformation is profound, but just starting. Leading offshore E&P operators envision using such applications to help drive their production costs to as low as $7 per barrel or less. A large North Sea operator among them successfully deployed a low-manned platform in the Ivar Aasen field in December 2016, operating it via redundant control rooms — one on the platform, the other onshore 1,000 kilometers away in Trondheim, Norway. In January 2019, the offshore control room operators handed over the platform's control to the onshore operators, and it is now managed exclusively from the onshore one. One particular application — remote condition monitoring of equipment — supports a proactive, more predictive condition-based maintenance program, which is helping to ensure equipment availability, maximize utilization, and find ways to improve performance. This paper will explain the use case in greater detail, including insights into how artificial intelligence and machine learning are incorporated into this operational model. Also described will be the application of a closed-loop lifecycle platform management model, using the concepts of digital twins from pre-FEED and FEED phases through construction, commissioning, and an expected lifecycle spanning 20 years of operations. It is derived from an update to a paper presented at the 2018 SPE Offshore Technology Conference (OTC) that introduced the use case in its 2017-18 operating model, but that was before the debut of the platform's exclusive monitoring of its operations by its onshore control room.