bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanocrystalline Boron Nitride Coating for High Conductivity, Low Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Akinwande Deji , Kutagulla Shanmukh , Biswas Abhijit , Mutyala Devi , Terlier Tanguy , Le Nam , Caldino-Bohn Isabel , Favela Christopher , Vajtai Robert , Korgel Brian A. , Aluru Narayana , Ajayan Pulickel
Published: May 2024

Hydrogen fuel cells based on proton exchange membrane (PEM) technology are promising as an alternative to fossil fuel-based energy. Conventional PEMFC technology is operated at fully humidified conditions in a narrow temperature range (~ 80 oC) to maintain sufficient proton conductivity and power output, which necessitates high cost of operation. In this work, we demonstrate a scalable, room temperature coating of ultrathin boron nitride (BN) via pulsed laser deposition (PLD) that simultaneously increases conductivity of perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) based membranes while decreasing the crossover. Remarkably, BN coated membranes show a 20% increase in performance at current operational conditions (1.485 A/cm2 @ 0.6 V) and a 20% increase in power density (0.965 W/cm2) while exhibiting a maximum crossover current decrease of 32% (3.58 mA/cm2) relative to industry standard Nafion™ 211. Furthermore, we demonstrate a reduction of operational temperatures to as low as 60 oC with modified membranes without performance impact, thereby affording substantial reduction of the PEMFC operational cost. These observations are practically relevant for the development of next generation PEM technology by enabling more scalable and cost-effective high performance fuel cell stacks.
Predicting viral host codon fitness and path shifting through tree-based learning on codon usage biases and genomic characteristics
Authors: Su Shuquan , Ni Zhongran , Lan Tian , Ping Pengyao , Tang Jinling , Yu Zuguo , Hutvagner Gyorgy , Li Jinyan
Published: May 2024

Viral codon fitness (VCF) of the host and the VCF shifting path have been seldom studied under quantitative measurements, although they could be concepts vital to understand pathogen epidemiology. This study demonstrates that the relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) of virus genomes together with other genomic properties are predictive to virus host codon fitness through tree-based machine learning. Analysis on the RSCU data matrix also revealed that the wobble position of the virus codons is critically important for the host codon fitness distinction. As the trained models can well characterise the host codon fitness of the viruses, the frequency and other details stored at the leaf nodes of these models can be reliably translated into human virus codon fitness score (HVCF score) as a readout of codon fitness of any virus infecting human. Specially, we evaluated and compared HVCF of virus genome sequences from human sources and others and evaluated HVCF of SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from NCBI virus database, where we found no obvious shifting trend in host codon fitness towards human-non-infectious. We also developed a bioinformatics tool to simulate codon-based virus fitness shifting path using codon compositions of the viruses, and we found that Tylonycteris bat coronavirus HKU4 related viruses may have close relationship with SARS-CoV-2 in terms of human codon fitness. The finding of abundant synonymous mutations in the predicted codon fitness shifting path also provides new insights for evolution research and virus monitoring in environmental surveillance.
Time-Series Decomposition Model combined with pre-trained LSTM: Real-time prediction of dissolved oxygen concentration suitable for automated aquaculture feeding system
Authors: Kim Woojae , Jun Myoungjae , Cho Yeong-Jun , Jeong Hieyong
Published: May 2024

As part of automation in land-based aquaculture facilities, the widespread adoption of automated feed supply systems is actively taking place. The automated feed supply system must be capable of determining the appropriate feed quantity to supply at arbitrary feeding times based on the hunger level of cultured fish. However, the decline in dissolved oxygen concentration due to feed supply can pose a high mortality risk if not managed properly. Therefore, there is a need to ensure safety in real-time before the feed supply occurs. In this study, we proposed a method to predict dissolved oxygen concentration in real-time, even when feeding occurs at arbitrary times, and aimed to validate its performance. We combined a time-series data decomposition model with a pre-trained deep-learning model. We can obtain trend components for long-term changes in dissolved oxygen concentration through the time-series data decomposition method. Using two models, we predict seasonal components for short-term changes caused by feed supply at arbitrary times. Regular changes can be obtained through the time-series data decomposition model, while irregular changes can be obtained through the pre-trained deep learning model. Experimental results validate the performance of the proposed model by comparing the predicted results of regular and irregular feed supply with those of other deep learning models. Lastly, we discuss how the proposed model structure reduces complexity by simplifying the deep learning model's weight matrix elements, achieving good performance with fewer learning parameters.
Enhancing in Situ Conservation of Crop Wild Relatives for Food and Agriculture in Lithuania
Authors: Labokas Juozas , Lisajevičius Mantas , Uogintas Domas , Karpavičienė Birutė
Published: May 2024

The crop and CWR checklist of Lithuania was created containing 2,630 taxa. The checklist comprises 1,384 native taxa including archaeophytes and 1,246 neophytes. In total, 699 taxa (26.6%) could be quite strictly defined as of food or forage use. A list of 144 CWR priority species with 135 native species and archaeophytes and 9 naturalized species was generated. In total, 53 genera of food and forage species belonging to 15 families are represented by the priority CWR. Two approaches for CWR genetic reserve selection have been employed in this study: (1) CWR-targeted evaluation of preselected sites, including Natura 2000 sites, national protected areas, and other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs), such as ancient hillfort sites and ecological protection zones of water bodies; and (2) analysis of large georeferenced plant databases. Forty-five potential genetic reserve sites have been selected by the first approach covering 83 species or 57.6% of the national CWR priority list. With the second approach, the in situ CWR National Inventory database has been created by combining data from the Database of EU habitat mapping in Lithuania (BIGIS), Herbarium Database of the Nature Research Centre (BILAS), Lithuanian Vegetation Database (EU-LT-001), and Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). Hotspot analysis of CWR species richness and number of observations suggested that higher CWR diversity is more likely to be found in protected areas. However, Shannon diversity and Shannon equitability indices showed that the areas outside of the protected areas are also suitable for CWR genetic reserve establishment.
Occurrence of blueberry virus L in Japan and its aphid transmission and pathogenicity in highbush blueberry
Authors: ISOGAI Masamichi , Yamamura Misaki , Sakamoto Hijiri , Yaegashi Hajime , Watanabe Manabu
Published: May 2024

In this first report of the occurrence of blueberry virus L (BlVL) in Japan, BlVL was detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 35 of 52 highbush blueberry shrubs in a field and in aphids (Aphis gossypii) on a BlVL-infected blueberry shrub. In the aphid transmission test of BlVL, the aphids transmitted the virus to uninfected blueberry bushes. No symptoms were observed in shrubs infected with the virus by aphid inoculation or by graft inoculation, suggesting that BlVL causes latent infection in highbush blueberry.
Increasing access, equitability, and rigor in the assessment of Neighborhood Mortgage Discrimination
Authors: Moubadder Leah , Bliss Maya , Maliniak Maret , Waddel Hannah , Switchenko Jeffery , Chang Howard , Kramer Michael , McCullough Lauren
Published: May 2024

Mortgage discrimination alters the distribution of investment, opportunity, and economic advantage—key contributors of health disparities. Leveraging Home Mortgage Disclosure Act data, we assessed mortgage denial risk in 380 U.S. urban areas. We estimated the risks by census tract–relative to the urban-specific average—using a Bayesian spatial model with conditionally autoregressive distributions fitted with integrated nested Laplace approximation. This approach borrows information through spatial and non-spatial smoothing, resulting in stable estimates in the presence of sparse data. The method, publicly accessible, allows researchers to apply our approach, fostering deeper insights into mortgage lending discrimination and systematic neighborhood disinvestment.
Sufficient and Necessary Conditions for Self-similar Motions of Three Point Vortices in Generalized Fluid Systems
Authors: Chen Jiahe , Liu Qihuai
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we obtain sufficient and necessary conditions for self-similar motions of three point vortices in generalized two-dimensional fluid systems by reducing of Hamiltonian and developing the theory of self-similar functions. The results are concise and clear, and the occurrence of both self-similar collapse and self-similar expansion only depend on the strengths of point vortices. We have provided an explicit and exact expression for each nontrivial self-similar solution. The application of theoretical results in the Surface-Quasi-Geostrophic system is consistent with previous known numerical results in the symmetric case. We also have found that, in some asymmetric cases, both self-similar collapse and self-similar expansion occur if and only if the strength of the third point vortex is within an open interval.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 37N10 · 37J35 · 76B47
Early Obesity Counselling in Primary Care Setting Could Decrease Metabolic Diseases Are Diabetes and Hypertension Avoidable, if Stopping Early Weight Gain?
Authors: RURIK Imre
Published: May 2024

Obesity management is a big challenge for health care providers. Primary care is the appropriate level, not only for the management but for the prevention and early recognition as well. Obesity develops gradually and needs attention in the early phase of weight gain. The main results of four Hungarian and international studies in primary care settings were summarized, seeking relationship between weight gain in younger life and development of metabolic diseases. Data of primary care patients were collected about the changes of their weight gain from 20y to the present. Source: medical files and self-reports. Early weight-gain between 20y and 30y means a serious risk for developing diabetes, between 30y and 40y for hypertension and even faster weight-gain could be a risk factor for both metabolic diseases. In females, significant weight gain around pregnancies and the menopause could increase the risk of these morbidities as well. Primary care service providers/family physicians/general practitioners ought to be not only an inactive observers, they have to give more focus on those of their patients who show conspicuous weigh gain in their younger decades, to explore the individual reasons and to initiate the appropriate intervention as early as possible.
Complex socio-technical transitions in fossil fuel country: considerations for direct air capture deployment in the U.S. Gulf Coast region
Authors: Scott-Buechler Celina , Wang Katherine , Fraser Catherine , Scott Charlotte
Published: May 2024

There is growing recognition of the need for just transitions to climate-aligned workforces in communities that have traditionally relied economically on high-emissions sectors like the fossil fuel industry. Direct air capture (DAC) has been proposed as an emergent industry that could help deliver just transitions for energy communities like those in the Gulf Coast region of the United States, where there has been recent private sector interest in DAC deployment. Through focus groups across three sites in the Gulf Coast region, we reveal a complex landscape shaped by the entrenched position of the fossil fuel industry and the need for careful navigation to avoid social and economic upheaval. Community perceptions underscore the dual nature of the fossil fuel industry: providing economic stability but also contributing to environmental and health challenges. DAC emerges as a potential solution, offering shared skill sets with the fossil fuel industry, yet participants express reservations about industry risks and historical lack of community engagement. The study emphasizes the importance of community involvement in decision-making, advocating for cooperative ownership models, community advisory boards, and transparent processes. Results from qualitative focus group discussions and quantitative surveys illustrate a shift in community support for DAC after informed discussions, highlighting the importance of socio-technical considerations over technological features alone.
Awareness of self-examination of lump in the breast among married women of Karachi
Authors: Ali Syed Rohan , Haider Aaila , Anees Muneeba , Shah Mahhoor , Khan Sawera , Athar Kainat , Anis Aisha , Hasan Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Objective: To assess the knowledge and enactment of breast self-examination and to appraise the repercussion with educational status of the participant.
Study Design: A cross sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi, Dr. Ruth K. M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Fauji Foundation Hospital (Somh) Karachi, Dar ul Sehat Hospital Karachi from March 2022 to October 2022.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample size of 400 married females. The sample was taken through non probability purposive sampling. An informed verbal consent was taken from the females. A pilot study was conducted to assess the validity of questionnaire. A structured questionnaire was distributed which was filled. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 22 with 95% confidence interval, margin oferror was taken as 5% and P-value 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: A study was conducted to assess the awareness of self-examination of lump in the breast among married women of Karachi. Overall out of 400 women, 55.3% (p=0.000) had heard about breast self-examination but 84.0%(p=0.000) had no knowledge regarding the steps of self-examination. Similarly, 22.3%(p=0.001), 47.0%(p=0.003),36.5%(p=0.045) and 76.5%(p= 0.000) women had no knowledge that small lump in the breast, discharge from the nipple, unusual changes in the shape of the breast can lead to breast cancer and breastfeeding can reduce the risk for having breast cancer respectively. 88.3% (p=0.005) women believed that awareness campaigns regarding breast cancer should be initiated under government supervision and 30.3 %( p=0.000) believed that women should teach their daughters regarding self-examination of breast at the age of menarche.
Conclusion: This study suggests that women of Karachi have moderate level of knowledge regarding breast self examination. We believe that awareness programs should be engaging, encouraging with precedent pedagogic about common pathological conditions, clinical features, risk factors and relieving factors, screening methods to ensure early detection and reduction of mortality caused by breast cancer in females.
Comparative In vitro Assessment of Quality Control Parameters of Omeprazole Enteric-Coated Pellets in Capsules from Local Pharmacies in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Md Nazmus Sakib
Published: May 2024

Backgrounds:
Omeprazole as enteric coated pellets in capsules form is used for the therapy of gastric and duodenal ulcer. This product is now manufacturing all over Bangladesh for the healthcare of gastric patient. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of Omeprazole Capsules as enteric coated pellets form through ensuring chemical test like assay, dissolution and impurity from 5 pharmaceutical companies from local pharmacies in Bangladesh.
Methods
The enumerated HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) methodology of British Pharmacopoeia followed for the metage of assay, impurity and dissolution of Omeprazole Capsules as enteric coated pellets form.
Results
The assay, impurity and dissolution results of all brands of Omeprazole Capsules as enteric coated pellets form met the specification limit specified in the British Pharmacopeia. Assay results from all brands were between 96.12% ± 1.24 to 101.12% ± 1.01. In case of product release, all the products are treated with pH 4.5 (phosphate buffer) for 45 minutes found from 1.41% ± 2.04 to 7.12% ± 1.24 and the same stressed product treated for pH 6.8 (phosphate buffer) for 45 minutes and found 84.02% ± 0.24 to 97.23% ± 0.84. Omeprazole Impurity C and D are the known identified impurity of Omeprazole Capsules. The content of Omeprazole impurity D was from 0.32% ± 0.21 to 0.12% ± 0.39 and total impurity found from 0.45% ± 0.11 to 0.28% ± 0.09. Omeprazole impurity C was not detected in sample solution. As the results, all the brands sample meet the specification limit of specified monograph so it can be concluded that in terms of quality, integrity and efficacy, pharmaceutical market manufacturing Omeprazole capsules in Bangladesh maintain the highest standard for providing appropriate therapy.
Conclusion
The results are found satisfactory for both the lower- and top-class pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh also ensuring the high quality standard for Omeprazole Capsules. This report will help the drug control authority to gather information about the existing quality status of medicine for Omeprazole Capsules as enteric coated pellets form available in different pharmacies of Bangladesh.
Phytochemical profiling, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic evaluation of Bergera koenigii seed extracts against Leukemic cancer
Authors: Govindswamy Balaji
Published: May 2024

Traditional herbs have always been pioneers in the development of new therapeutics. According to Ayurveda, India has always been a hub of many herbs and shrubs that possess numerous polyphenols and flavonoids with promising anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. The present study aimed to elucidate the anticancer activity of various methanol, ethanol and petroleum ether extracts of Bergera koenigii seeds against THP-1 cells. In addition to phytochemical analysis, total phenol and flavonoid content (TPC, TFC) and antioxidant assays were also performed to estimate the potential of the Bergera koenigii seeds. Among these, the methanolic extract of Bergera koenigii seeds inhibited leukemic THP-1 cells due to the presence of bioactive compounds such as hexadecanoic acid, octadecadienoic acid, octadecatrienoic acid, tricosanoic acid and γ-sitosterol, as revealed by GC‒MS analysis. According to the radical scavenging capacity, both hexadecanoic acid and octadecadienoic acid exhibited the highest anticancer activity, with IC50 values of 15±8.37 and 15±0.23 µg/ml, respectively. Additionally, the methanolic extract had a TPC of 959.97 mg/GAE and a TFC of 1443.20 mg/QE, and the antioxidant activity had an IC50 value of 369.09, Antibacterial activity with 10 ± 0.5 mmEscherichia coli, 8 ± 0.82 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and15 ± 1.7 mm for Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, the above results indicate that the methanolic extracts of Bergera koenigii seeds are more promising drugs against leukemic THP-1 cell lines than are the chloroform and pet ether extracts.
Psychophysiological and Psychological Responses of Teenage Students Conducting Computer Programming Activities Combined with Horticultural Activities
Authors: Lee Sun-Mi , Park Sin-Ae
Published: May 2024

This study investigated whether coding (computer programming) and horticultural activities alone and combined have psychophysiological and psychological effects. Compulsory computer programming has been required in elementary schools in South Korea since 2018. A total of 34 participants, who were students between the ages of 11 and 16 years were involved in the study. Participants undertook the following activities in random order: connecting components, coding, horticultural activities, and combining coding and horticultural activities (run program, horticultural activities, and coding modifications). Brain waves were measured during the activity, and a subjective self-report evaluation was conducted at the end of each activity. In a spectral edge frequency of 50% of the alpha spectrum band, which indicates a comfortable, stable, and relaxed state, there was a significant difference in the left prefrontal pole when participants performed a combination of coding and horticultural activities (P < 0.001). In addition, there were significant differences in the coding activities based on horticultural activities (P < 0.05, P < 0.001), with a relatively low beta, indicating attention and alertness; relative mid beta, indicating active awareness; ratio of SMR to theta, indicating focused attention; and the ratio of mid beta to theta, indicating concentrated focus. It is judged that activities involving plant engagement can contribute to comfort, stability, focused attention, and positive effects in response to active stimuli. As a result of a subjective evaluation, it was found that horticultural activities had a positive effect on participants’ emotions (P < 0.01). This study demonstrates that horticulture-based coding activities have a positive impact on physiological relaxation and cognitive enhancement, and are also associated with subjectively reported positive emotions.
Surface Plasmon Resonance in the Development of TGF-β Activators for Cosmeceutical Use
Authors: Ledwoń Patrycja , Errante Fosca , Real Fernández Feliciana , Rovero Paolo , Latajka Rafał
Published: May 2024

Research on new compounds that can improve the skin's condition is no longer focused exclusively on drugs, but is also adequate for cosmeceuticals – cosmetic products with thoroughly tested and scientifically proven biological activity. One of the most important stimulators of collagen biosynthesis is the so-called Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β). Measuring the activation of latent TGF-β and quantification of its efficacy using the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technique is a great alternative to the currently used Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. In this article, the complex process of TGF-β activation and the methods of its quantification are described. SPR was investigated as a relevant method for the TGF-β activity detection. Optimization of measurement conditions is presented, comparing results of antibody immobilization efficacy in different buffers. Two types of antibodies were immobilized onto the SPR chip, and after choosing one of them the selectivity of capturing between active and inactive TGF-β was confirmed. SPR is discussed as a technique with great potential in cosmeceutical design, in comparison to currently applied quantification methods.
Pemetaan visitor and resident dalam keterlibatan individu dengan lingkungan informasi digital
Authors: Adriyana Lasenta , Cahyaningtyas Dwi Fitrina
Published: May 2024

Purpose. The digital ecosystem consists of interactions between customers and partners through various channels, both online and offline, as well as the relationships that exist between digital customers and partners. The ideal interaction between humans, technology, values and activities will be created by ideal ecological information. Thus, system places consumers in an important position connecting customer contacts and contact moments with each other. Including the use of products and virtual visits, such as transactions, emails, educational media, etc. In-depth discussion of individual involvement as information organs (inforgs). Employing the activity-based mapping method, which is intended to determine each person's level of engagement with the digital environment.Methodology. The method used in this research was a pre-post test on respondents who were at Gadjah Mada University Postgraduate School postgraduate students. Questionnaires were distributed concurrently over the WhatsApp group to conduct the survey. The responses provided by respondents are entered into a Google form.Results and discussion. This study examines the use of technology and information resources by graduate students at the Graduate School of Gadjah Mada University, also known as "Emergent" education members. There are signs that the way pupils look for knowledge has changed as information and technology have advanced.Conclusions. The conclusion of this research is that there is a shift in information patterns. Previously, respondents' information patterns were mostly carried out directly by teachers or professors, now they have shifted through scientific websites and become residents through applications on social media.
Determinated area (DA) treatment goal when treating malocclusions with jaw functional orthopedics (JFO): Contribution to scientific evidence
Authors: Sakai Eduardo , Wagner Ribeiro Luciano , Santiago Orlando , Polizio Terçarolli Sergio , Guedes Amorim Jordanna
Published: May 2024

One of the goals of malocclusion treatment with Jaw Functional Orthopedics (JFO) is to obtain touch of the inferior incisors against the superior incisors in Determinate Area (DA). It is postulated that this touch would bring better stimuli and consequently faster results. Surface electromyographic study of the muscles was performed in Masseter, Temporal and suprahyoid muscles bilaterally from 159 patients undergoing malocclusion treatment with functional orthopedic appliances (FOA). To record muscle electric activity were used a conditioning signal module from Lynx Electronics Ltda with 8 channels, model EMG1000; software AqDAnalysis 4,18 from Lynx Electronics Ltda.; Software Lynx BioInspector 1,8r; passive surface electrodes (Ag/AgCl) from Noraxon Dual Electrodes (USA); dischargeable reference electrodes Kendall Meditrace (Ag/AgCl) – Canada. Frequency calibration was 2000 Hz, with 2048 sample by channel and time 1,024 seconds, and filters regulation was 20 Hz and 1000 Hz. The results found prove that there is a better electromyographic activity (bilaterally balanced) of the studied muscles when there is touch on DA. Conclusion. Touch in DA improves the neuromuscular response of patients treated with JFO. sEMG is a trustable tool to analyze masticatory muscles function for Diagnosis, Treatment and evaluation post treatment/gained objective.
Development of an empirical model for the prediction of the sound absorption coefficient for thin and low-density fibrous materials
Authors: Dunne Regan , Desai Dawood , Heyns Stephan
Published: May 2024

Currently, FEA software such as ABAQUS uses empirical models to predict the sound absorption coefficient of poroelastic materials. However, based on a recent review of the literature it was found that the current sound absorption empirical models are inadequate for accurate prediction of thin (t < 20 mm), low-density materials (ρB < 50 kg/m3). Therefore, the predictions of the sound pressure levels in vehicle cabins, using such software, will be inaccurate since the trim materials are thin and have a low density. Thus, this research aimed to develop an empirical model that can accurately predict the sound absorption coefficient of these materials. Hence, polypropylene fibres consisting of four different diameters were manufactured and converted into nonwovens. Thereafter, airflow resistivity and impedance tube experimental testing were performed on the specimens. Subsequently, statistical analysis of the data was performed using SAS software. SAS was used to identify which independent variables should be included in the models to be developed. The empirical models were developed using the regression analysis toolbox in Microsoft Excel. Once the models were developed, various checks were performed to validate the assumptions of linear regression. The software NumXL was used to perform Cook’s distance tests. Thereafter, the models were validated against the validation dataset, where it was found that the developed exponential model performed best. Finally, the exponential model was compared to existing models using two data sets i.e. an internal dataset, and an external dataset derived from the literature. The developed model outperformed all the historic models on both datasets.
Transforming data with the arcsine distribution for random walks
Authors: Laarichi Yassine , Elkaf Mariem , Aloui Amal , Rholam Oualid
Published: May 2024

This article delves into a pioneering methodology for optimizing the analysis of random walk data by implementing the arcsine distribution. The application of the arcsine distribution serves as an imperceptible yet potent solution, mitigating asymmetry and introducing bounds while effectively modeling the nuanced characteristics intrinsic to random walk patterns. Through a meticulous exploration of the mathematical foundations and practical applications of this distribution, this study discreetly advances statistical methodologies for handling random walk data. The article illuminates the theoretical underpinnings, subtle advantages, and pragmatic implications of arcsine distribution utilization, showcasing its imperceptible yet impactful role in capturing and reshaping random walk dynamics. Through a meticulous exploration of the mathematical foundations and practical applications of this distribution, this study discreetly advances statistical methodologies for handling random walk data, particularly in the context of financial modeling.
Schottky Bariyer Diyotlarında Termal Tavlama İşleminin ANFIS ile Modellenmesi
Authors: Doğan Hülya
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada, Schottky bariyer diyotları (SBD'ler) için termal tavlama işleminin modellenmesi ve tahmin edilmesi için uyarlanabilir ağ tabanlı bulanık çıkarım sisteminin (ANFIS) kullanılmasına yönelik bir yöntem önerilmiştir. Laboratuvar ortamında Ni/n-GaAs/In Schottky bariyer diyotlar üretildi ve Schottky kontaklar üzerinden diyotun gerilim ve akım parametreleri 2000 C’den 6000 C’e kadar 1000 C sıcaklık adımları kullanılarak ölçüldü. SBD kontaklarına ait gerilim, akım ve tavlama sıcaklığı parametreleri deneysel olarak elde edildi. Bu parametreler termal tavlama işleminin ana faktörleri olarak seçilmiştir. ANFIS sisteminin eğitimi için bu üç parametreyi içeren deneysel veriler kullanılmıştır. Deneysel verilerin eğitimi için genelleştirilmiş bell üyelik fonksiyonu içeren hibrit bir ANFIS modeli kullanıldı. Sonuçlara göre, Schottky bariyer diyotların tavlama sürecinin modellenmesinde önerdiğimiz ANFIS modeli verimli ve doğru sonuçlar vermiştir.
Ayçiçeğinde (Helianthus annuus L.) Bazı Ön Uygulamaların Tuzluluk Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme ve Enzim Aktivitesi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Turan Ferzat , Yağcı Ebru
Published: May 2024

Bitkiler doğada, biyotik ve abiyotik stres faktörlerinin olumsuz etkilerine karşı sürekli savaşmaktadırlar. Dünyada ve ülkemizde tarımsal alanlarda karşılaşılan tuzluluk, sürdürülebilir tarımı olumsuz etkileyen en önemli faktörlerden biridir. Bu çalışma, tuz stresi koşullarındaki ayçiçeği tohumlarına ön muamele olarak uygulanan Gibberellik Asit (GA3) ve Glisin Betain’in (GB) çimlenme ve fide gelişimine etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma Sakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri laboratuvarında yürütülmüştür. Denemede tohumlar ekim öncesi GA3 ve GB’nin dört farklı konsantrasyonu (0, 15, 30, 45 mg/l) ile ön muameleye alınmış ve daha sonra dört farklı tuz (Na+Cl-) konsantrasyonu (0, 6, 9, 12 dS/m) ile tuz stresi uygulamasına alınmıştır. Deneme Tesadüf Parselleri Faktöriyel Deneme Desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Çalışmada çimlenme hızı, çimlenme gücü, fide uzunluğu, kök uzunluğu, fide yaş ağırlığı, kök yaş ağırlığı özellikleri ve enzim aktiviteleri olarak CAT, SOD ve POD incelemeye alınmıştır. Denemede tuzluluk stresinin artışına paralel olarak, çimlenme hızı ve çimlenme gücünde düşüşler ve diğer fide özelliklerinde olumsuz etkiler görülmüştür. Ancak araştırma sonuçlarına göre çimlenme ve fide özelliklerini incelediğimizde, genel olarak 6 dS/m tuz stresinde 30 ve 45 mg/l GB ve GA3 uygulamalarının tuz stresine karşı olumlu sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. Tuz stresinde özellikle 45 mg/l GB uygulaması; çimlenme hızı, çimlenme gücü ve kök yaş ağırlığı özelliklerinde olumlu sonuçlara rastlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, ayçiçeği tohumuna tuz stresi koşullarında bitki düzenleyici gruplarına alternatif olarak Glisin Betain uygulamalarının üretimde fayda sağlayacağı kanısına varılmıştır.
Assessment of urban underground spaces inundation during extreme rainfall events
Authors: Zhong Jiazhi , Li Dian , Jiang Ke
Published: May 2024

As urbanization progresses and the impacts of climate change become more pronounced, urban flooding has emerged as a critical challenge for resilient cities, particularly concerning urban underground spaces where flooding can lead to significant loss of life and property. Drawing upon a comprehensive review of global research on underground space flood simulation and evacuation, this paper undertakes the modelling of inundation in a substantial underground area during the extraordinary rainfall event on 7 September 2023, in Shenzhen, China. Specifically, it introduces a two-step method to simulate the coupled surface-underground inundation process with high accuracy. The study simulates the inflow processes in three types of underground spaces: parking lots, metro stations, and underpasses. Utilizing the specific force per unit width evaluation, the research examines how varying flood barrier heights influence evacuation time and inundation risk. Subsequently, the paper proposes corresponding evacuation strategies based on the obtained findings. By highlighting the vulnerability of urban underground spaces to flooding, the study underscores the urgent need for further research in this domain.
Tools of Mobile Marketing of Today’s Business-Structures
Authors: Baurina S. B.
Published: May 2024

The development of information technologies and use of mobile devices that help establish direct contacts at a distance became an integral part of people life and tools of conducting today’s business. These factors promote the development of mobile marketing, a new and promising trend of work, which is characterized by interactive contact with target audience beyond space limits. There are a lot of investigations and publications dealing with different aspects of mobile marketing, however the problem of tools of mobile marketing stirs high interest of academic community.

   The goal of the article is to research the role of technology and tools of mobile marketing in shaping key metrics of estimating efficiency of its elements.

   The author studied the totality of mobile marketing elements, characterized voice services of support, SMS, MMS, e-mail promotion, mobile applications, described stages of developing mobile applications, showed variants of mobile adverts in advertising and social networks, identified the role of mobile marketing in elaborating strategy of customer moving along the marketing funnel, until the target step interesting for the company is made, analyzed practice of using mobile marketing in restaurant business, found key competitive advantages, which are obtained by the organization by introducing events of mobile marketing, described groups of metrics for estimating mobile traffic in efficiency of mobile marketing elements in the enterprise functioning (cost, conversion nature of adverts, investment return, customer activity and involvement). Academic findings and conclusions of the research can be useful both for management of Russian companies in elaborating strategy of reaching competitive advantage on market and representatives of other professional communities interested in using tools of mobile marketing. Research methods combined comparative and systematic analysis, qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Mathematic Model of Business-Ecosystem
Authors: Kalenov O. E.
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the approach to building a mathematic model of business-ecosystem. To provide objectivity to the model it is proposed to study business-ecosystem as a customer-centric triad, which includes, firstly, the totality of elements of inter-branch belonging interacting in the process of development, production and marketing; secondly, one or several digital platforms with a set of various services integrated around one company. It gives the customer an opportunity to move in a ‘seamless’ way along them and obtain benefits from their complex use and satisfy his/her needs in conditions of one window. And thirdly, this pattern covers the organization itself, which uses innovation approaches to management and considers the enterprise as a self-developing complex living body that can effectively interact with the outward environment. The most important parameter showing profitability of staying in business-system is price of goods and services, which shall be studied from different sides at the same time: customer, supplier and organizer (proprietor) of the eco-system. Apart from profitable price for all participants, in order to assess efficiency of participation in business-ecosystems it is proposed to investigate functions of cost minimization, market share maximization and the rate of customer satisfaction maximization. The system of these criteria allows us, on the one hand, to identify limits of the business-ecosystem and on the other hand, to model the behavior of its elements and on this basis to make adequate managerial decisions.
Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosome Regulates Intestinal Type 2 Immunity
Authors: Wu Jiajun , Yang Zhen , Wang Daoyuan , Xiao Yihui , Shao Jia , Ren Kaiqun
Published: May 2024

Aims:

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal
stem cell-derived exosomes (hUCMSC-Exo) in regulating the intestinal type 2 immune
response for either protection or therapy.

Background:

hUCMSC-Exo was considered a novel cell-free therapeutic product that shows
promise in the treatment of various diseases. Type 2 immunity is a protective immune response
classified as T-helper type 2 (Th2) cells and is associated with helminthic infections and allergic
diseases. The effect of hUCMSC-Exo on intestinal type 2 immune response is not clear.

Method:

C57BL/6 mice were used to establish intestinal type 2 immune response by administering
of H.poly and treated with hUCMSC-Exo before or after H.poly infection. Intestinal organoids
were isolated and co-cultured with IL-4 and hUCMSC-Exo. Then, we monitored the influence of
hUCMSC-Exo on type 2 immune response by checking adult worms, the hyperplasia of tuft and
goblet cells.

Result:

hUCMSC-Exo significantly delays the colonization of H.poly in subserosal layer of duodenum
on day 7 post-infection and promotes the hyperplasia of tuft cells and goblet cells on day 14
post-infection. HUCMSC-Exo enhances the expansion of tuft cells in IL-4 treated intestinal
organoids, and promotes lytic cell death.

result:

Our experimental results revealed that hUCMSC-Exo significantly delays the colonization of H.poly in subserosal layer of duodenum on day 7 post infection, but promotes the hyperplasia of tuft cells and goblet cells on day 14 post infection, and hUCMSC-Exo enhances the expansion of tuft cells in IL-4 treated intestinal organoids, and promotes lytic cell death.

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrates hUCMSC-Exo may benefit the host by increasing the tolerance
at an early infection stage and then enhancing the intestinal type 2 immune response to impede
the helminth during Th2 priming. Our results show hUCMSC-Exo may be a positive regulator
of type 2 immune response, suggesting hUCMSC-Exo has a potential therapeutic effect on allergic
diseases.
A Survey of Pairing Free Certificateless Signature Schemes for Secure Networking
Authors: Deepika  , Kumar Pankaj
Published: May 2024

Technology has enhanced the jeopardy of misuse of individual confidential data and
identity theft attacks, where securing the content of communication and confidentiality has
become one of the chief requirements. Here Cryptography operates as the cornerstone of
computer and communications security. Certificateless cryptography, together with digital
signatures, is the best solution for achieving fundamental security, i.e., confidentiality, data
integrity, non-repudiation, and authentication. Correspondingly, certificateless cryptography
(CLS) abolishes certificate management problems and the key escrow problems of public-key
cryptography (PKC) and identity-based cryptography (IBC). CLS is the optimum combination
of PKC and ID-based PKC, hence making it more efficient. Many signature schemes rely on
certificateless schemes (CLS) and are formed using bilinear pairing and the MTP hash
functions. An MTP (map-to-point) hash function and elliptic curve bilinear pairing are lavish
procedure schemes, and they enhance computation expenses in the schemes and are timeconsuming. In contrast, pairing-free CLS schemes rely on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
and have comparatively less computational cost, providing the desirable time requirement and
making the scheme more efficient. In this chapter, we have done a survey of various pairingfree CLS schemes and compared them with each other. We have analyzed the performance
evaluation of various schemes’ security and efficiency. Some are even observed to be
precarious under various attacks.
Como a educação formal, a agricultura produtivista e o desflorestamento provocam desencantamento ambiental e injustiça ontológica no Brasil
Authors: Hoefle Scott William
Published: May 2024

Political ecology and relational approaches are used to demonstrate how biocentric environmental education and deforestation provoked by productivist farming systems cause the loss of animist lore which as part of overall nonproductivist rural livelihoods contribute to sustainable socio-ecological land use in the Amazon and Atlantic Forest biomes of Brazil. Preservation of both biomes is a central point in international environmentalist discourse about reducing global carbon emissions and preserving planetary biodiversity. Much of this discourse is based on secular naturalist ontologies and biocentric conservation of the so-called (re)wilds, which have no place for most humans let alone for notions of spiritual entities that mediate human and non-human beings. First, naturalist ontologies involving full conservation of some areas and unfettered development in the vast majority of a national territory, are contrasted with relational socio-ecology, which proposes sustainable use of all of a territory. As very few Brazilians fully adhere to these two worldviews, animist and analogical spiritually-bifurcated worldviews are then introduced into the discussion and hybridized animist-spiritually bifurcated worldviews are shown to predominate in preserved wooded regions of the Amazon and Atlantic Forest so that these worldviews are pertinent for conservation. The empirical results presented from these two biomes are based on over forty years of primary field research. High levels of formal education which eradicates any belief in “supernatural” entities and clean-cut land clearing to make way for productivist agriculture are shown to provoke environmental disenchantment in addition to the loss of biodiversity. Relational socio-ecology is open for dialogue with other worldviews and ways of life so avoiding ontological environmental injustice.
Impact of Covid-19 outbreaks on migrant workers
Authors: Kang Suk-Kyeong
Published: May 2024

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 an epidemic, causing a public health emergency of international concern. Despite the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, the migration of seasonal agricultural workers was exceptionally allowed in Turkey, as the labor force of seasonal agricultural workers is a crucial factor in the Turkish agricultural economy. Since seasonal workers are employed as temporary irregular workers, they obtain information from brokers (Çavuşlar) about farms that require workers. They worked on farms for five to six months while migrating according to the information. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has become a very threatening obstacle to those who live a migrant life. Nevertheless, they are forced to continue migrating agricultural labor due to their economic situation. In Turkey, 90% of seasonal agricultural workers live in the Southeastern Anatolia region, where they make a living from seasonal agricultural work without having other jobs. In particular, Şanlıurfa Province has the highest proportion of seasonal workers, even in the Southeastern Anatolia region. Therefore, Şanlıurfa Province, where we interviewed workers engaged in seasonal agricultural labor, was selected as the survey area. The interviews were conducted with seasonal workers from four households (total of 33 people) engaged in seasonal work during the period from May to October 2020. We utilized semi-structured, face-to-face in-depth interviews and telephone interviews with workers as the data collection methods. In this study, since the investigator who interviewed seasonal workers was a worker engaged in seasonal agricultural labor, in-depth interviews with seasonal workers were possible despite the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the geographical mobility routes of migrants during that time. In addition, we examined how their living and working conditions changed and were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and what efforts were needed to improve their conditions. As a result of these studies, the emergence of COVID-19 has worsened working and living conditions, and it has been shown that it is urgent to prepare countermeasures against infectious diseases for vulnerable people.
Como os sistemas políticos e as políticas sociais afetam o bem-estar: Uma revisão da Literatura
Authors: Perreira Cristina , Gonçalves Hermínia , Sequeira Teresa
Published: May 2024

European social policies are traditionally focused on material conditions and indicators of well-being, such as income or productivity, and on foundations of social justice and equity characteristic of the welfare state paradigm. The welfare state is used here to refer to a system of social organization that ensures a satisfactory standard of living through the provision of social services in areas such as income, work, education, health, social protection, among other areas that may condition welfare. In this article, we conducted a narrative review of the literature, focusing on the last ten years, with the main objective of substantiating a scientific understanding of the concept of well-being, identifying both the indicators assumed by the literature and by international and national organizations, as well as the governance parameters that encourage, affect, and determine individual well-being. The central question that this article seeks to answer is therefore the following: what can we learn, from the scientific literature, international guidelines, and the cases analyzed in the works consulted, regarding the multidimensional relationships that are established between living conditions and well-being? The results suggest that: 1) a country's political systems, formal institutions, and social policies can significantly influence the ability of citizens to participate in processes that concern them and that impact subjective well-being; 2) the inclusion of subjective indicators of quality of life are increasingly used in the design and governance of social policies. This research recognizes the importance of using a set of subjective indicators of wellbeing beyond income, which result from various configurations drawn from the multidimensional relationships that are established between living conditions and well-being.