bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ayçiçeğinin (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Palancı-I) In Vitro Tuzlu Koşullarda Gelişimi Üzerine Etil Metansülfonat (EMS) Uygulamalarının Etkisi
Authors: ALTINDAL Demet , ALTINDAL Nüket
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmada, Palancı-I ayçiçeği çeşidi tohumlarına ait çekirdek içlerine dört farklı dozda (kontrol, %1.0, 1.5 ve 2.0) etil metansülfonat (EMS) uygulanmış ve çekirdek içleri farklı NaCl dozu (0.0, 1.25, 2.5 ve 5.0g/L) içeren besi ortamlarında 4 hafta süreyle in vitro koşullarda kültüre alınmıştır. Elde edilen bitkiciklerin boyu(cm), yaş ağırlığı (g), kök uzunluğu (cm), yaprak sayısı (adet), yaprak eni ve boyu (mm), boğum sayısı (adet),toplam klorofil içeriği (µg/g) ve prolin içeriği (Mmol/g YA) incelenmiştir. Boğum sayısı ve yaprak sayısı hariçincelenen tüm özelliklerde artan tuz dozları ve EMS uygulamalarının etkisi istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur.Genel olarak, artan NaCl konsantrasyonlarına bağlı olarak prolin içeriği hariç, diğer incelenen özelliklerde azalmagözlenmiştir. Yine uygulanan yüksek EMS dozları toplam klorofil içeriği hariç incelenen diğer özelliklerde önemliseviyede düşüşlere sebep olmuş ancak prolin içeriğini etkilememiştir. Sonuç olarak, EMS uygulamaları artan NaCldozlarının olumsuz etkilerini azaltmıştır.
Karayolları Bakım Çalışmasında Kullanılan Araçların Güzergâhlarının Hiyerarşik Çinli Postacı Problemi Kullanılarak Düzenlenmesi
Authors: YILMAZ Mustafa
Published: December 2018

Ayrıt rotalama problemleri, kombinatoriyel optimizasyon problemlerinden biridir.Bu problemlerin amacı, bir şebeke üzerinde yer alan ayrıtların tümünü ya da alt kümelerinikapsayacak şekilde en kısa maliyetli turları bulmaktır. Hiyerarşik Çinli Postacı Problemi(HÇPP), en yaygın ayrıt rotalama problemlerinden biri olan Çinli Postacı Probleminin birtürü olup gerçek hayatta; kar küreme, çöp toplama, yol bakım çalışmaları, mektup dağıtımı vedevriye gezen polis/güvenlik araçlarının rotalanması gibi pek çok uygulama alanı vardır. Buçalışmada, HÇPP yaklaşımı ile Karayolları 12. Bölge Müdürlüğüne bağlı yollarda yapılan bakımçalışmalarının en az maliyetle gerçekleştirilmesi için eniyi/eniyiye yakın rotaların bulunmasıamaçlanmıştır. Ele alınan problem büyük boyutlu olup çözümü için en yakın komşu aramatabanlı bir sezgisel algoritma geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen algoritma, ele alınan tüm karayoluşebekesi için çalıştırılmış ve etkin bir sonuç elde edilmiştir.
Evaluating the impact of spatial variability of precipitation on streamflow simulation using a SWAT model
Authors: Xue Feng , Shi Peng , Qu Simin , Wang Jianjin , Zhou Yanming
Published: December 2018

The spatial variability of precipitation is often considered to be a major source of uncertainty for hydrological models. The widely used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is insufficient to calculate a sub-basin's mean areal precipitation (MAP) since it only uses data from the rainfall station nearest to the centroid of each sub-basin. Therefore, Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Thiessen Polygons (TP) and Ordinary Kriging (OK) were applied as alternative interpolation methods in this study to calculate sub-basin MAP. The MAP results from the four methods used for the Xixian Basin were quite different in terms of amount and spatial distribution. The SWAT model performance was then assessed at monthly and daily timescales, based on Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), the Coefficient of Determination (R2) as well as Percentage Bias (PBIAS) at the basin outlet. The results under different network densities and spatial distributions of gauge stations indicated that the modified MAP models did not have an advantage over the default Nearest Neighbour (NN) method in simulating monthly streamflow. However, the modified areal precipitation obtained through IDW and TP showed relatively high accuracy in simulating daily flows as the applied rainfall stations changed. The difference in terms of estimated rainfall and streamflow in this study confirmed that evaluation of interpolation methods is necessary before building a SWAT model.
Amor e relacionamentos amorosos no olhar da psicologia
Authors: De Carvalho Cerqueira Isabella , Niemeyer da Rocha Fátima
Published: December 2018

O estudo objetivou discutir a experiência do amor em seus diferentes âmbitos, no sentido de melhor compreender os motivos que movem o ser humano na busca pelo relacionamento amoroso. Apresenta um breve relato das concepções do amor no Ocidente, demonstrando o quanto essas concepções mudaram no decorrer da história do mundo e, a partir de tais concepções, desenvolve uma breve análise sobre o motivo pelo qual as pessoas se engajam e investem em relações amorosas. Discorre a respeito das teorias psicológicas sobre o amor, mais precisamente a Teoria do Apego de John Bowlby e a Teoria Triangular do Amor de Robert Sternberg, examinando a crença de que o insucesso do relacionamento amoroso pode ocorrer pela decepção do indivíduo com aquilo que buscou, a partir do que entendeu como sendo o seu ideal de amor. E discute a ideia de construção da conjugalidade baseada no autoconhecimento do indivíduo, dado que, como consequência, a busca pelo relacionamento amoroso se entrelaça a todo momento com sua concepção de si mesmo. Foi possível perceber que o campo sentimental se apresenta de forma distinta para cada indivíduo envolvido em um relacionamento amoroso, tornando a experiência do amor única para cada um.
MIELOMA MÚLTIPLO: UMA NOVA ÓTICA SOB A ABORDAGEM DIAGNÓSTICA- RELATO DE CASO
Authors: De Oliveira Thiago Wesley
Published: December 2018

O mieloma múltiplo é um tumor maligno caracterizado por proliferação de plasmócitos na medula. O tema atinge maior relevância pelo aumento na expectativa de vida da população, já que acomete mais idosos. Este trabalho objetiva relatar um caso de mieloma e sua abordagem no estágio tardio. Indivíduo do sexo masculino, 85 anos, com queixas de astenia, oligúria e dor lombar há 3 meses, foi admitido no Hospital Universitário de Vassouras (HUV)  e chamava a atenção pela intensa palidez cutâneo- mucosa. Ressonância magnética revelou lesões ósseas líticas na região sacral e mielograma exibiu plasmocitose medular compatível com mieloma múltiplo, porém logo após o diagnóstico o paciente evoluiu para óbito por sepse nosocomial. Bibliografia ressalta a importância do reconhecimento precoce para a maior sobrevida a partir do tratamento instituído. Portanto, mesmo sendo uma doença incurável, o diagnóstico antecipado favorece tratamento precoce, melhora da qualidade de vida e maior sobrevida para esses pacientes.
Trabalho em Altura X Acidentes de Trabalho na Construção Civil
Authors: Camargo Rodrigo Domis , Braga Enilson Salino , Ferreira Alex Franco , De Carvalho José Thomaz
Published: December 2018

Tratando da parte introdutória do trabalho, o estudo tem como relevância apresentar as profundas transformações na área da construção civil envolvendo serviços em altura. O objetivo do trabalho está em mostrar o guia prático da boa conduta das políticas dos riscos ocupacionais dos trabalhadores da construção civil, demonstrando a importância através de treinamentos, orientações e até mesmo o incentivo relacionados aos métodos corretos dos serviços que serão executados na construção civil. A realização do trabalho está no campo da conscientização e a capacitação dos indivíduos para que possam reconhecer as possibilidades de riscos em um ambiente de trabalho na indústria da construção civil. A linha do estudo está nos acidentes de trabalho relacionados às quedas com diferenças de níveis na construção civil. Apesar da grande quantidade de legislação que trata da questão do trabalho no Brasil, ainda são muito reduzidos o interesse e o conhecimento do cidadão comum acerca da temática. Pode ser observado que o acidente de trabalho ocorre pelo exercício do trabalho a serviço da empresa. Foram verificados os riscos, ações preventivas através da gestão da segurança proporcionado controle de riscos no papel do SESMT (Serviço Especializado em Engenharia de Segurança e em Medicina do Trabalho). O artigo apresenta as medidas de controle envolvendo o homem no ambiente de trabalho minimizando os riscos através de recursos como proteção individual em na busca de fazer com que os indivíduos (colaboradores) adquiram hábitos e posturas, seguindo regras e não se expondo aos riscos inerentes ao trabalho em altura na construção civil. Assim pode observar se tiver um bom monitoramento envolvendo a conscientização do uso dos equipamentos e um bom treinamento irá minimizar riscos de morte em acidentes altura.
Study of the Fermentation Process of Different Fruit Biomasses
Authors: Da Silva Jailson Marques , De Figueiredo Pereira Nayana , David Vilas Boas de Campos David , Orlando Izolani Antônio , Marins Carraro Vinícius , Eduardo Cardoso Carlos , Pereira Cristiane De Souza Siqueira
Published: December 2018

Organic waste accounts for half of the urban waste generated inBrazil, 30% of which originates from fruit. In the search for new alternatives to reuse this biomass, the present study evaluated ethanol production from banana, apple, orange and papaya biomasses generated in commercial establishments in the city ofVassouras/RJ. The distilled products from the fruit biomass fermentation process were characterized regarding volatile compounds, acetaldehyde, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, higher alcohols, isopropanol and isoamylic. The results indicate promising alcohol content according to the literature.
Estudo da resistência mecânica e análise térmica da resina epóxi
Authors: Cicchelli Pedro Paulo Motta   Barbosa , Alvarenga Cláudio Filipe De Aguiar , Araújo Fábio Amaral , Rosa Vinícius Vicente Silva , Leite Brunna Fialho , Cabral Ricardo De Freitas
Published: December 2018

Também conhecida como poliepóxidio, a Resina Epóxi é um tipo de Resina plástica que quando misturada a um catalisador inicia seu processo de cura. É um polímero termorrígido, que diferentemente dos polímeros termoplásticos, não pode ser reprocessada com calor, sendo maleável apenas no momento de sua fabricação. O fato de não poderem ser remodelados se deve pelo motivo de que suas macromoléculas formam uma estrutura chamada reticulado, que nada mais é do que uma rede de ligações tridimensionais que se ligam em todas as direções do espaço. Assim como os demais polímeros deste grupo a Resina Epóxi é infusível e insolúvel em solventes orgânicoscomuns. Ao final de sua polimerização tem granderesistência, não sendo sensível ao calor excessivo, água e ácidos. Este material é muito utilizado como cola para outros polímeros, compósitos, cerâmicos e até metais, mas têm as mais diversas aplicações na construção civil, na indústria, artesanato e na confecção de peças elétricas e eletrônicas. Neste trabalho foram confeccionados corpos de prova para avaliação de algumas propriedades da Resina Epóxi, que apresenta valores médios de dureza de 62,98SD, e 26MPa de tensão máxima de flexão.
The Impact of Statin Therapy on the Survival of Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Gachpazan Meysam , Kashani Hoda , Khazaei Majid , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Rezayi Majid , Asgharzadeh Fereshteh , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Ferns Gordon A. , Avan Amir
Published: December 2018

Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors that may play an important role in the evolution of cancers, due to their effects on cancer cell metabolism. Statins affect several potential pathways, including cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis and metastasis. The number of trials assessing the putative clinical benefits of statins in cancer is increasing. Currently, there are several trials listed on the global trial identifier website clinicaltrials.gov. Given the compelling evidence from these trials in a variety of clinical settings, there have been calls for a clinical trial of statins in the adjuvant gastrointestinal cancer setting. However, randomized controlled trials on specific cancer types in relation to statin use, as well as studies on populations without a clinical indication for using statins, have elucidated some potential underlying biological mechanisms, and the investigation of different statins is probably warranted. It would be useful for these trials to incorporate the assessment of tumour biomarkers predictive of statin response in their design. This review summarizes the recent preclinical and clinical studies that assess the application of statins in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers with particular emphasize on their association with cancer risk.
Grandparents - Grandchildren Relationship in Iran, 2017
Authors: Momtaz Yadollah Abolfathi , Vidouje Mahboube Mahdi , Foroughan Mahshid , Sahaf Robab , Laripour Reza
Published: December 2018

Introduction:

With the continuing growth of aged populations, it is imperative to find ways to maintain and improve the quality of life in old age. It has been documented that grandparents-grandchildren relationship is significantly contributed to quality of life of older adults. This study was conducted to identify the status and associated factors of grandparents-grandchildren relationship in a sample of Iran.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 377 community dwelling older adults 60 years and over living in Kashan, Iran. A multistage proportional random sampling technique was applied to obtain the sample. The grandparent -grandchildren relationship was measured by a researcher-developed 16-item scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 and AMOS 23.

Results:

The mean age of the respondents was 70.42(SD = 8.20) years. About 62% of the respondents were female and 60.7% were married. The average score of grandparents-grandchild relationship was 67.60(SD = 12.47). The multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant model (F(11, 365)= 19.05,P< 0.001), where information communication technology of grandparents, geographical distance between grandparents and grandchildren, and the quality of relationship between grandparents and parents of grandchildren were the most important predictors of the grandparents-grandchildren relationship.

Conclusion:

The findings from the current study showed that status of grandparents-grandchildren relationship is moderate to high and influenced by some factors. It is, therefore, suggested that policymakers pay more attention to strengthening grandparent-grandchild relationship by providing educational programs for families and encouraging the elderly to learn and use information communication technology.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Brucellosis in Kermanshah Province, Iran During 2010-2014
Authors: Rajabi Jalil , Hamidi-Farahani Ramin , Mansouri Feizollah , Soleiman-Meigooni Saeed
Published: December 2018

Introduction:

Incidence of brucellosis was growing up in Iran during the past years.
Kermanshah province-west of Iran is one of the endemic regions of the disease. The aim of this
study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of brucellosis in Kermanshah province during
a recent five-year period.

Methods:

This study was an observational cross-sectional study performed on registries of the patients
with brucellosis at the center for the zoonotic disease of Kermanshah University of medical
sciences during 2010-2014. The data was collected using a questionnaire containing demographic
data and the risk factor of brucellosis. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS-22 software using
descriptive statistic, Chi-square, and student t-test.

Results:

The five-years mean incidence of brucellosis in our study was 46.5 in one hundred thousand,
and male to female ratio was 1.37/1. The most common risk factors of brucellosis in our patients
were unpasteurized dairy products’ consumption (47%) and occupational contact with livestock
(14.4%). 84% of the patients were rural. The most common diagnostic method was the
standard agglutination test within 1/160 and 1/320 titers.

Conclusion:

Risk factors of brucellosis in our study were like other studies, but in more than onethird
of the patients, no risk factor was identified. Lack of livestock vaccination history and incomplete
registered data about other possible transmission routes of transmission were the limitations
of the study.
Factor X Deficiency Due to a Compound Heterozygosis Between a New Mutation (Gla72Asp) in Exon 2 and an Already Known one (Gly154Arg) in Exon 5: Factor X Mar Del Plata1)
Authors: Girolami Antonio , de Paoletti Diana Noemi Garcia , Nenkies Marcelo Leonardo , Ferrari Silvia , Guglielmone Hugo
Published: December 2018

Background:

Investigation of rare bleeding disorders in Latin-America.

Objective:

The report of a new case of FX deficiency due to a compound heterozygosis.

Methods:

Accepted clotting procedures were used. Sequencing of DNA was carried out by means of Applied Biosystems Instruments.

Results:

A compound heterozygote due to the association of a new mutation (Gla72Asp) with an already known mutation (Gly154Arg) of the FX gene is reported. The proposita is a 38 year old female who had a moderate bleeding tendency (menorrhagia, epistaxis, easy bruising). The proposita has never received substitution therapy but in the occasion of a uterine biopsy. The mother was asymptomatic but was a heterozygote for the new mutation. The father was asymptomatic but had deserted the family and could not be investigated. After this abandonment the mother of the proposita re-married with an asymptomatic man and she gave birth to a son who was asymptomatic but was also heterozygous for the new mutation (Gla72Asp). As a consequence it has to be assumed that the first husband of the mother of the proposita was heterozygous for the known mutation (Gly154Arg).

Conclusion:

This is the third case of a new mutation in the FX gene reported, during the past few years, in Argentina.
MMSE Equalization Based Performance of Chaotic Interleaving Scheme for Iterative IDMA System
Authors: Shukla Aasheesh , Bansal Atul , Deolia Vinay Kumar , Veer Karan
Published: December 2018

Background:

In this paper, a chaotic interleaving scheme is proposed for further performance
improvement of Interleave Division Multiple Access (IDMA). Interleavers are used to generate
permuted sequence of signals to be transmitted with optimum correlation.

Methods:

Random interleaving (RI) was the fundamental taxonomy and used to distinguish the different
users in IDMA scheme. The logistic map based chaotic interleaving scheme is suggested for
IDMA. The system is also combined with Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) equalizer to combat
the effect of Inter Symbol Interference (ISI).

Results:

For the sake of simplicity, no pulse shaping is assumed at the transmitter and ISI channel is
considered to be a fixed 3 tap channel. Simulations are performed in MATLAB. BPSK modulation is
used. Furthermore, the results show that the IDMA with proposed logistic map based chaotic
interleaver outperforms the traditional random interleaving scheme in terms of BER without the need
of extra memory and computational complexity.

Conclusion:

The obtained results show the noticeable performance improvement of CI-IDMA with
MMSE equalization in deep fading situations. Chaos based interleaver also offers other advantages
such as less requirement of memory and small implementation complexity.
Fe3O4@L-arginine as a Reusable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Polysubstituted 2-Pyrrolidinones
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Mohammad Ali , Abdollahi-Basir Mohammad Hossein , Elyasi Zahra
Published: December 2018

Background:

This research introduces an effective and green method for the synthesis of
polysubstituted 2-pyrrolidinone derivatives as biologically-active heterocyclic compounds using multi-
component reactions using Fe3O4@L-arginine as a reusable organocatalyst.

Material and Method:

The Fe3O4@L-arginine nanoparticles were prepared by a facile one-step approach
and the structure elucidation of the magnetic nanocatalyst has been done using various spectroscopy
techniques.

Results:

L-arginine-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles were obtained with particle sizes around
10 nm. Fe3O4@L-arginine exhibited strong catalytic activity to obtain some polysubstituted 2-
pyrrolidinone.

Conclusion:

The considerable advantages of this research are short reaction times, excellent yields,
simple workup procedure and reusability of the nanocatalyst which is in good agreement with green
chemistry disciplines. The study on the reusability of the Fe3O4@L-arginine nanoparticles showed
that the recovered catalyst could be reused six consecutive times.
Repeated Aluminum Sulfate Recovery from Waterworks Sludge: A Case Study in El‐Sheikh Zaid WTP
Authors: Fouad Mahmoud M. , Razek Taha M. A. , El‐Gendy Ahmed S.
Published: December 2018

Although surface water treatment presents a good solution for pollutants in rivers and freshwater lakes, the purification process itself presents a great threat to the aquatic environment through aluminum waste disposal. Recent studies have introduced coagulants recovery from treatment sludge as a green solution for waste handling and cost reduction. This article aims to evaluate repeated aluminum coagulants recovery from sludge using sulfuric acid. The waste from El‐Sheikh Zaid Water Treatment Plant (ESZ‐WTP) was characterized, then sequential coagulants recovery using optimum conditions was conducted. In addition, treated water was analyzed to determine the efficiency of the obtained coagulants and their influence on treated water quality. Sequential coagulants recovery using acidification revealed that no metals accumulation took place in the produced coagulants until the third recovery from ESZ‐WTP sludge. On the other hand, a noticeable increase in trihalomethanes was detected in the treated water, especially using the third recovered coagulant. In conclusion, sequential coagulants recovery and usage in water treatment is an attractive alternative for single‐use original coagulant in ESZ‐WTP but for no more than three sequential recoveries. It is advisable to apply a fresh coagulant every three sequential recoveries to enrich the aluminum content and regenerate the sludge before restarting the recovery process.
Sexual Desire, Mood, Attachment Style, Impulsivity, and Self-Esteem as Predictive Factors for Addictive Cybersex
Authors: Varfi Nektaria , Rothen Stephane , Jasiowka Katarzyna , Lepers Thibault , Bianchi-Demicheli Francesco , Khazaal Yasser
Published: December 2018

Background

An increasing number of studies are concerned with various aspects of cybersex addiction, the difficulty some persons have in limiting cybersex use despite a negative impact on everyday life.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess potential links between the outcome variable cybersex addiction, assessed with the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) adapted for cybersex use, and several psychological and psychopathological factors, including sexual desire, mood, attachment style, impulsivity, and self-esteem, by taking into account the age, sex, and sexual orientation of cybersex users.

Methods

A Web-based survey was conducted in which participants were assessed for sociodemographic variables and with the following instruments: CIUS adapted for cybersex use, Sexual Desire Inventory, and Short Depression-Happiness Scale. Moreover, attachment style was assessed with the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire (Anxiety and Avoidance subscales). Impulsivity was measured by using the Urgency, Premeditation (lack of), Perseverance (lack of), Sensation Seeking, Positive Urgency Impulsive Behavior Scale. Global self-esteem was assessed with the 1-item Self-Esteem Scale.

Results

A sample of 145 subjects completed the study. Addictive cybersex use was associated with higher levels of sexual desire, depressive mood, avoidant attachment style, and male gender but not with impulsivity.

Conclusions

Addictive cybersex use is a function of sexual desire, depressive mood, and avoidant attachment.
Why Do Physicians Reject the Electronic Health Record: A Theoretical Perspective? (Preprint)
Authors: Alfayez Weam , Alumran Arwa , Al-Rayes Dr Saja A.
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Many theories/ models adopted from behavioral sciences literature or developed within the field of information technologies could help in understanding the technology acceptance, usage, and effective adoption.

OBJECTIVE

The main aim of this paper is to review the different theories/ models that can help in understanding information technology/system acceptance and use, and to choose the most appropriate theoretical framework that could be applied to understand the factors influencing physicians’ use of the Electronic Health Record system (EHR) at King Fahd Military Medical Complex (KFMMC) in Dhahran city, Saudi Arabia.

METHODS

The theories/ models were reviewed using scientific databases. The inclusion criteria were if the theories/ models used to explain individual behaviors toward accepting and using of information technology including the once conducted within the healthcare.

RESULTS

The review showed that there were five theories/ models were used within information technology studies to understand the technology acceptance and used. There were Theory of Reasoned Action, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Innovation Diffusion Theory, Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, and Technology Acceptance Model. Each has different explanatory power of technology use. The most appropriate theoretical framework to understand the reason behind physician use of the EHR at KFMMC would be the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). TAM model could explain up to 75% of the variation in the behavioral intention (acceptance), and up to 62% of the variation in the actual use. It is the gold standard for assessing the usage of health technologies and systems. In fact, the TAM model is one of the core models used to explore the physician’s perceptions of the Electronic Health Record system adoption.

CONCLUSIONS

This review showed that there are different theories available in the literature can be used to justify the reason behind electronic health record acceptance. TAM is one of the effective, simplest models used to understand the factors influencing physicians to use the EHR-system. Further studies need to apply the TAM model to check its ability in explaining the reason behind EHR within different hospitals in Saudi Arabia
Alat Pencacah Ikan Mekanis Meningkatkan Produktivitas Perajin: Studi Kasus Desa Hajoran Tapanuli Tengah
Authors: Anizar Anizar , Torong M. Zainul Bahri , Yahya Idhar
Published: December 2018

ABSTRAK            Sektor perikanan laut merupakan sumber mata pencaharian masyarakat di kawasan pesisir pantai. Desa Hajoran di Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah merupakan daerah pesisir pantai dengan potensi besar di sektor perikanan khususnya perikanan laut. Nelayan Hajoran menggunakan susunan bambu berbentuk segi empat berukuran 10m x 10m yang ditancapkan di tengah perairan untuk menangkap ikan. Ikan hasil tangkapan sebagian dijual dalam kondisi segar sedangkan sebagian lainnya diasinkan. Ikan yang telah diasinkan hanya dijual bagian badannya sedangkan bagian kepala ikan asin akan dicacah menjadi lebih kecil oleh perajin. Proses pencacahan dilakukan menggunakan parang dengan postur kerja duduk membungkuk, lutut terlipat dan telapak kaki tertekuk. Perajin mengeluhkan sakit pada pergelangan tangan, bahu, pinggang, pantat dan lutut sehingga kesulitan untuk dapat segera berdiri setelah proses pencacahan selesai. Perajin cacahan ikan memberikan masukan dalam bentuk kuesioner SNQ untuk menganalisa keluhan mereka selama ini. Kegiatan tersebut membutuhkan waktu yang lama, kualitas cacahan ikan yang tidak seragam, kapasitas produksi yang rendah serta menimbulkan rasa sakit pada anggota tubuh. Kegiatan pengadian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan produktivitas perajin cacahan ikan. Upaya yang dilakukan adalah pendampingan oleh tim ergonomi, pemberian materi berupa ceramah, pelatihan penggunaan fasilitas kerja ergonomis dan penyempurnaan metode kerja sehingga dibutuhkan partisipasi aktif perajin. Pemanfaatan alat pencacah ikan mekanis merupakan solusi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas perajin cacahan ikan. Cacahan ikan yang dihasilkan akan memiliki kehalusan yang dapat diatur, kualitas yang terjaga, waktu yang singkat serta  disain yang ergonomis. Perbaikan metode kerja yang dilakukan tim pengabdian menyebabkan perajin dapat bekerja lebih nyaman sehingga terjadi peningkatan produktivitas.
Stair-like Multivariable Generalized Predictive Control of Pulverizing System in Thermal Power Plants
Authors: ZHANG Jiansheng , ZhANG Gang , GAO Yaokui , HU Yong
Published: December 2018

Pulverizing system is an important part in the clean and efficient utilization of coal in thermal power plant, and the optimal control of the system is an important way to achieve this goal. This paper presents a stair-like multivariable generalized predictive control scheme for a pulverizing system. This control scheme focuses on the problem of predictive control algorithm in practical application, and integrates the feedforward experience in traditional control schemes of pulverizing system. Simulation results showed that the scheme are able to realize the decoupling control of the pulverizing system, avoid the problem of matrix inversion, reduce the amount of calculation, and has certain engineering application value.
DEVELOPMENT OF TERMINALIA CHEBULA LOADED ETHOSOMAL GEL FOR TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: Grace X Fatima , K Suganya , S Shanmuganathan
Published: December 2018

Objective: Oral route is the usual route of drug delivery which has many advantages such as easy delivery but has disadvantages such as poor bioavailability and tendency to produce rapid blood level spikes, such that there becomes a necessity for higher dose or recurrent dosing which becomes difficult for the patient and also high cost. Keeping all these drawbacks in concern, there arises a necessity for novel development of drug delivery with improved therapeutic efficacy and safety with targeted delivery such that size and number of doses could be reduced. This can be achieved by transdermal delivery which possesses several advantages such as avoids first-pass metabolism, eliminates gastrointestinal irritation reduces frequency of dosing, and rapid termination of drug action.Methods: Dried fruits of Terminalia chebula were extracted and preliminary phytochemical evaluation was performed. Ethosome was prepared by cold method using soya lecithin. Ethosomal gel was prepared using carbopol as gelling agent and was evaluated.Results and Discussion: The prepared gel was evaluated for its pharmaceutical properties and was found to be satisfactory. The in vitro drug diffusion of ethosomal gel showed better release compared with that of the gel with extract. In vitro anti-arthritic activity exhibited significant effect compared to that of the standard diclofenac.Conclusion: Considering all the above-mentioned factors, the present study was aimed to develop a natural drug-loaded ethosomal gel for transdermal drug delivery, thereby permeation of drug can be enhanced compared with conventional dosage forms.
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY–MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF ZANTHOXYLUM RHETSA DC. FRUITS
Authors: Gurav Kuladip , Jadhav (rathod) Varsha
Published: December 2018

Objective: The aim was to investigate important bioactive compounds, biological activities, and medicinal importance of Zanthoxylum rhetsa fruits.Methods: The present work was carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the identification of different compounds.Result: The methanolic extract of fruits showed 32 chemical compounds which are identified through GC-MS analysis. Among them, some of the compound names and percentage values are as follows: 2-propanone, 1,3-dihydroxy (48.9%), 4H-pyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (33.7%), 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-[hydroxymethyl] (50.2%), 1-Heptatriacontanol (34.4%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (zz)- (48.6%), cholestan- 3-ol,2-methylene, [3β,5α] (75.0%), 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (90.8), 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-[hydroxymethyl] (92.0%), hydroquinone (64.9%), n-hexadecanoic acid (37.5%), octadecanoic acid (28.2%), 9,12,15, octadecatrienoic acid, 2-[(trimethylsiyl]oxy]-1- [(trimethylsiyl]oxy]methyl] ethyl ester, [zzz] (22.6%), 9-hexadecanoic acid (10.3%), digitoxin (18.8%), 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid methyl ester, [zzz] (25.5%), and oleic acid (16.5%). Most of the identified compounds in the crude methanolic extracts exhibit some bioactivities, namely anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, nematicide, pesticide, anti-androgenic flavor, hemolytic, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor, insectifuge, antiarthritic, anti-coronary, cardiovascular, anti-breast cancer, aromatic, and insectifuge. On the basis of the above investigation, the fruits can be recommended as a treasure of bioactive compounds and it plays a promising role in herbal medicine.Conclusion: The present study reveals that fruits of Z. rhetsa contain various bioactive compounds. Digitoxin is recorded in the ripened fruit of Z. rhetsa and it shows the anticancerous and cardiac arrest properties. Hence, in future, this plant will play a promising role in curing cancer.
COMPARISON WITH INTENSITY OF SECONDARY DENGUE INFECTION BY DETECTING DENGUE-SPECIFIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ANTIBODIES
Authors: Poddar Sudipta , Hati Amiya Kumar
Published: December 2018

Objective: Detection of dengue-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the serum of healthy individuals signifies previous dengue infection. This phenomenon can be utilized to demonstrate dengue activity in a suspected area and to stratify intensity of infection in the urban and rural surroundings.Methods: Serum samples of altogether 881 healthy volunteers, 560 persons living in the central part of the city Kolkata and 321 individuals residing at a village Memari (highly endemic for dengue), 85 Km away from Kolkata, having no apparent proof of dengue activity were examined for the detection of dengue-specific IgG antibodies.Results: Of 560 serum samples collected from Kolkata, 55.5% (249) were IgG reactive. Respective figures for Memari were 321 and 25.3% (81). This indicated that the virus was also active at rural area, though the endemic property was lower than in Kolkata. In both urban (r=−0.585, p=0.017) and rural (r=−0.392, p=0.013) West Bengal, the suspected and IgG reactive cases apparently negatively correlated with age, but the percentage of reactivity was found to increase with age. The number of IgG reactive cases was significantly more in Kolkata than at Memari, indicating that dengue virus was active at Memari though the endemic property was much lower than that of Kolkata and chances of secondary dengue infection vis-a-vis dengue hemorrhagic fever would be more in Kolkata than at Memari.Conclusion: Evaluation of IgG specific dengue antibodies can be utilized to compare intensity of secondary dengue infection vis-a-vis DHF and its endemic property in different places, furnish a preliminary idea.
IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDY OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II IN IRAQI PATIENTS
Authors: Al-okhedi Mundher Jabbar , Qais Al-ani Mohammed , Rasheed Marrib N
Published: December 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between proinflammatory cytokines in special, the interleukin-6 (IL-6), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: This study was conducted from November 2017 to March 2018 in Anbar, Iraq. We studied a total of 90 individuals (46 men and 44 women) aged between 20 and 87 years. The samples were divided into four groups: CAD patients (n=23), T2DM patients (n=23), coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes together in the same patient (n=23), and control group (n=21). The concentrations of IL-6 and IGF-1 were determined using a commercially available enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay.Results: The results of the present study showed that there were elevated serum levels of IL-6 and low levels of IGF-1 in all the tested groups, compared with the control. The difference was statistically significant at p<0.05. The results showed a positively correlated between IL-6 and IGF-1 in the CAD group and T2DM group, while it was a negative correlation between serum levels of IL-6 and IGF-1 in the T2DM+CAD group.Conclusion: Elevated levels serum of IL-6 predicts the development of CAD and T2DM. These data support a possible role for inflammation in diabetogenesis and complication of the cardiovascular disease. There is an inverse relationship between the levels serum of IGF-1 and increased risk of CAD and development of T2DM.
STUDY OF DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN OF CALCIUM, VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTS, AND ANTI-OSTEOPOROSIS DRUGS IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURE: A PROSPECTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Augustine Angel Maria , Shamrao Dessai Sneha , Basnet Sujan , Bhoja Anchan Namita , Shareef Javedh
Published: December 2018

Objective: This study was carried out to assess the drug utilization pattern of calcium, Vitamin D supplements, and anti-osteoporosis drugs in patients with osteoporotic fracture in an Indian teaching hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out for 6 months in outpatients receiving treatment from the orthopedic department of an Indian teaching hospital. Demographic details, comorbidities, types of fracture, laboratory parameters, and drug therapy were collected from the patient case records who met the study criteria and documented in the data collection form. All the collected details were later analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 73 patient’s prescriptions were reviewed, in which 45.2% were male and 54.8% were female. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 50–60 years with mean age of 63.52±11.06 years. Hypertension (27.16%) was the highest comorbidity identified in the study followed by diabetes (18.51%) and coronary artery disease (14.81%). Of the total patients, 65.75% were prescribed with calcium and Vitamin D supplements and 2.73% received bisphosphonates.Conclusion: The study shows the pattern of drug use in elderly with osteoporotic fractures. Since calcium and Vitamin D are vital for treating osteoporotic fractures, adequate monitoring of serum levels of calcium and Vitamin D3 may help to prescribe doses with desired need and safety level.
IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF WHEATGRASS BY 1,1- DIPHENYL, 2 PICRYLHYDRAZYL METHOD
Authors: Alekhya Veermaneni , Deepan Thiyagarajan , Dasaratha Dhanaraju Magharla
Published: December 2018

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate in vitro antioxidant activity and wound healing activity in Triticum aestivum (wheat grass).Methods: T. aestivum commonly known as Wheatgrass had a wide range of health benefits among the young grass of common wheat plant components includes chlorophyll, flavonoids, and Vitamins A, C, and E. Wheatgrass is used in Folklore medicine for treatment of skin diseases and wound healing. In our present study, petroleum ether, ethanol and aqueous extracts of T. aestivum have been evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity and wound healing activity by 1,1- diphenyl, 2 Picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, and Chick chorioallantoic method, respectively.Results: The results of both the assay showed that all the extracts of T. aestivum have significant antioxidant and wound healing activity on dose-dependent manner.Conclusion: The wheatgrass has antioxidant and wound healing activity.
EVALUATION OF ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF PREMNA HERBACEA (ROXB.) EXTRACTS IN PENTYLENETETRAZOL AND MAXIMAL ELECTROSHOCK-INDUCED CONVULSIONS IN MICE
Authors: Chimbalkar Ashish Dattatraya , Ns Vyawahare
Published: December 2018

Objective: In the present study, three different extracts of Pemna herbacea (Roxb.) were evaluated for its anticonvulsant activity against pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and maximal electroshock (MES)-induced convulsions in mice.Methods: The shed-dried powder of P. herbacea roots was passed through a sieve and subjected to extraction using Soxhlet apparatus with 70% ethanol, petroleum ether, and chloroform to get respective extracts named as ethanolic extract of P. herbacea, petroleum ether extract of P. herbacea, and chloroform extract of P. herbacea (PHC). Preliminary phytochemical analysis and acute oral toxicity study were done. Thereafter, the extracts were analyzed for PTZ- and MES-induced convulsions.Results: The results revealed that PHC at the doses 200 and 400 mg/kg was effective against both, i.e., PTZ- and MES-induced convulsions. Overall PHC 400 mg/kg was most effective, as it significantly delayed onset of convulsions (p<0.01) and reduced % mortality (50%) in PTZ model, while in MES model, it showed the highest reduction in duration of hind limb extension (p<0.01) and percentage protection (33.33%).Conclusion: The results reported anticonvulsant potential of PHC against both PTZ- and MES-induced convulsions suggesting mixed mechanism of action which may be attributed to different phytochemicals acting simultaneously.
PROTEUS SYNDROME: NEED FOR PATIENT CENTRIC THERAPY
Authors: Kuppusamy Gowthamarajan , Radhakrishnan Arun , K Shanmukhan, Nikhitha , M Prineethaa , S Anusha
Published: December 2018

Proteus syndrome (PS) is a hamartomatous disorder with multisystem involvement that results from mutation in the AKT1gene. Since the symptoms and severity of PS are unique to each patient, diagnosis and treatment become hard for the physician. This article is concentrated upon the identification and recognition of specific characteristics of the disease, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and the necessity of advanced diagnosis, effective generalized and personalized therapy, as well as the requirement of new drugs for the management of PS. Detailed studies on the PS and evidence from the case reports revealed the requirement of intensive care, accurate diagnosis, and an effective treatment for each patient preferably patient-centric drug delivery due to the high degree of variation in the symptoms and clinical features among patients.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF TETRAHYDROCURCUMINOID IN THE TREATMENT OF ORAL LEUKOPLAKIA: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Chhaparwal Yogesh , M Pai Keerthilatha , Kamath M.s. , Carnelio Sunitha , Chhaparwal Shubha
Published: December 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tetrahydrocurcuminoid (THC) in the treatment of oral leukoplakia. Methods: Patients with oral mucosal lesions with clinical features of leukoplakia were selected, and an incisional biopsy of the lesion was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Demographic data, habit history, and complete medical history were documented. Subjects were given 2% THC gel (Sami Labs, Bengaluru) with advice to apply the gel to the affected areas, 5 times daily for 12 weeks. The lesion was examined, and its characteristics were documented in a standard manner at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks. Results: Of the eight patients, 6 were males with age range from 40 to 70 years (mean age of 56 years). All the patients reported a reduction of burning sensation within 3 weeks of starting treatment and were completely asymptomatic by the end of the study. There was a decrease in the size of the lesion during the follow-up period. Reduction in thickness of the lesion was found in six of eight patients. Histological improvement a stage better was seen in three patients after completion of treatment. However, there was no histological improvement in four patients, and one patient progressed to mild dysplasia from hyperkeratosis without dysplasia. Conclusion: THD when topically applied in gel form is remarkably effective in alleviating clinical symptoms. The remarkable histological improvement was seen in 3 of 8 patients.
ANALYSIS OF THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY, CYTOTOXICITY AND ANTI-TUMOUR EFFICIENCY OF BAUHINIA PHOENICEA.
Authors: Baby Alby Alphons , Raphael K Regi
Published: December 2018

Objective: Bauhinia phoenicea Wight and Arn. is a medicinal plant endemic to Southern Western Ghats. In the traditional systems of medicine, it is using against various ailments including some oxidative disorders. Detailed studies on the pharmacological activities of this plant are not yet reported. Hence, this paper aimed to prove the efficacy of this plant as a natural antioxidant source.Methods: The sequential extracts of the dried leaf powder were assayed for an antioxidant property using 2,2 diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay, in vitro cytotoxicity of the extracts was screened using Trypan blue exclusion method. The antitumor activity of the selected fractions was studied using ascites tumor affected mice and noted the percentage of increase in lifespan.Results: The free radical scavenging activity of all extracts was increasing with increasing concentration of the drug, the least IC50 value was showed by ethanol fraction (41 μg/ml). The plant drug was not toxic to the normal cells and was highly toxic to tumor cell lines. Maximum in vitro cytotoxicity was observed in chloroform fraction (98% cell death at 100 mg/ml) and the least IC50 value was exhibited by the aqueous fraction (34 mg/ml). Both the aqueous and chloroform fractions increased the lifespan of ascites tumor bearing mice, aqueous fraction in 100 mg/ml concentration shows 71.9% increase in lifespan which is near to the result showed by the commercial anticancer drug cyclophosphamide (72.5%).Conclusion: According to our results, it is concluded that leaf of B. phoenicea has significant antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antitumor properties supporting the folk medicinal use of this species. The further procedures of identification of pharmacological active principles are in progress.
THE EFFECT OF STORAGE CONDITION ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PROBIOTICS IN YOGURT DRINKS
Authors: Silalahi Jansen , Nadarason Darshieny , E Silalahi Yosy C
Published: December 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature and time of storage on antioxidant activity of probiotics in yogurt drinks. Methods: The samples used were Yakult, Cimory, YoFit, and BioKul marketed in Medan city. The samples were stored at room and refrigerate temperatures for 2 weeks. Various volumes of samples were withdrawn and mixed with 1 ml of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil solution and homogenized. Then, it was incubated for 30 min and centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 15 min. The supernatant was collected, and the absorbance was measured at 516 nm by spectrophotometer. The absorbance of different volume of supernatant of each sample was used to construct linear regression equation. Then, the IC50 value was determined. Results: The present study shows that the higher the temperature and the longer the time of storage decreased the antioxidant activity of yogurt drinks. Yakult exhibited the highest antioxidant activity among the analyzed samples. Before storage, the IC50 value of Yakult was 0.2763 ml, and after stored for 2 weeks, the IC50 value of Yakult was 0.3867 ml at refrigerated and 0.5393 ml at room temperature. Conclusions: Probiotic in yogurt drinks stored at refrigerated temperature has higher antioxidant activity than stored at room temperature. The IC50 values of yogurt drinks decreased with storage time.