bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mixed-species bacterial swarms show an interplay of mixing and segregation across scales
Authors: Natan Gal , Worlitzer Vasco M. , Ariel Gil , Be’er Avraham
Published: October 2022

Bacterial swarms are a highly-researched example of natural active matter. In particular, the interplay between biological interactions and the physics underlying the swarming dynamics is of both biological and physical interest. In this paper, we study mixed swarms of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We find intricate interactions between the species, showing both cooperation and segregation across different spatial and temporal scales. On one hand, even though axenic colonies grow on disparate time scale, an order of magnitude apart, the two-species swarm together, forming a single, combined colony. However, the rapidly moving populations are locally segregated, with different characteristic speeds and lengths (or cluster sizes) that depend on the ratio between the species. Comparison with controlled mutant strains suggest that both the physical and known biological differences in species characteristics may not be enough to explain the segregation between the species in the mixed swarm. We hypothesize that the heterogeneous spatial distribution is due to some mechanism that enables bacteria to recognize their own kind, whose precise origin we could not identify.
Differences in stromal component of chordoma are associated with contrast enhancement in MRI and differential gene expression in RNA sequencing
Authors: Park Mina , Park Inho , Hong Chang-Ki , Kim Se Hoon , Cha Yoon Jin
Published: October 2022

Chordoma is a malignant bone neoplasm demonstrating notochordal differentiation and it frequently involves axial skeleton. Most of chordomas are conventional type with varying amount of myxoid stroma. Previously known prognostic factors for conventional chordoma are not specific for chordoma: old age, metastasis, tumor extent, and respectability. Here, we aimed to investigate the histologic, radiologic, and transcriptomic differences in conventional chordoma based on the stromal component. A total of 45 patients diagnosed with conventional chordoma were selected between May 2011 and March 2020 from a single institution. Electronic medical records, pathology slides, and pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were reviewed. Of the 45 patients, ten cases (4 stroma-rich and 6 stroma-poor tumor) were selected for RNA sequencing, and available cases in the remainder were used for measuring target gene mRNA expression with qPCR for validation. Differential gene expression and gene set analysis were performed. Based on histologic evaluation, there were 25 (55.6%) stroma-rich and 20 (44.4%) stroma-poor cases. No clinical differences were found between the two groups. Radiologically, stroma-rich chordomas showed significant signal enhancement on MRI (72.4% vs 27.6%, p = 0.002). Upregulated genes in stroma-rich chordomas were cartilage-, collagen/extracellular matrix-, and tumor metastasis/progression-associated genes. Contrarily, tumor suppressor genes were downregulated in stroma-rich chordomas. On survival analysis, Kaplan–Meier plot was separated that showed inferior outcome of stroma-rich group, although statistically insignificant. In conclusion, the abundant stromal component of conventional chordoma enhanced well on MRI and possibly contributed to the biological aggressiveness that supported by transcriptomic characteristics. Further extensive investigation regarding radiologic-pathologic-transcriptomic correlation in conventional chordoma in a larger cohort could verify additional clinical significance.
Neck-shaft angle measurement in children: accuracy of the conventional radiography-based (2D) methods compared to 3D reconstructions
Authors: Schlégl Ádám Tibor , Nyakas Viktória , Kovács Dániel , Maróti Péter , Józsa Gergő , Than Péter
Published: October 2022

Aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of widely used conventional radiography-based (2D) neck-shaft angle measurements compared to 3D reconstruction. In our retrospective study, EOS 2D/3D images of 156 patients (312 limbs) were selected from our database (4–16 years old: 6 girls and 6 boys/year), where no pathology was revealed. Using the 2D modality of the EOS method neck-shaft angle was measured using the “biggest diameter” and “circle fitting” techniques to define the femoral neck axis and 1/3, 1/2 and full femur to determine the femoral shaft axis. EOS 3D reconstructions of same images were also performed and a comparison of 2D and 3D results was made. We did not find any significant difference between accuracy of the four examined 2D methods, although the deviation between 2 and 3D results was considerable (average difference: 5.11–5.58°, p < 0,001). In 31% of the cases, difference was more than 10°. Only femoral torsion showed significant influence on the difference (correlation coefficient: 0.380, p < 0.001). We did not find a clinically significant difference between the examined 2D methods, although their accuracy was highly questionable compared to 3D results. We suggest using any 3D imaging method for surgical planning and in uncertain cases.
An agent-based model of social care provision during the early stages of Covid-19
Authors: Gostoli Umberto , Silverman Eric
Published: October 2022

Social care is a frequent topic in UK policy debates, with widespread concern that the country will be unable to face the challenges posed by the increase in demand for social care. While this is a societal problem whose dynamics depends on long-term trends, such as the increase of human lifespans and the drop of birth-rates, a short-term crisis, such as a pandemic, can affect the need and supply of social care to a considerable, although temporary, extent. Building on previous modelling effort of social care provision, we present an agent-based computational model to investigate social care provision in the context of a pandemic (using as an example, the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic), and related mitigation policies, on social care demand and supply, using a proof-of-concept agent-based model (ABM). We show how policy solutions aimed at controlling the pandemic may have substantial effects on the level of unmet social care need and propose that such models may help policymakers to compare alternative containment policies, taking into account their side effects on the social care provision process.
Phylogenomic analysis of the bowfin (Amia calva) reveals unrecognized species diversity in a living fossil lineage
Authors: Wright Jeremy J. , Bruce Spencer A. , Sinopoli Daniel A. , Palumbo Jay R. , Stewart Donald J.
Published: October 2022

The Bowfin (Amia calva), as currently recognized, represents the sole living member of the family Amiidae, which dates back to approximately 150 Ma. Prior to 1896, 13 species of extant Bowfins had been described, but these were all placed into a single species with no rationale or analysis given. This situation has persisted until the present day, with little attention given to re-evaluation of those previously described nominal forms. Here, we present a phylogenomic analysis based on over 21,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 94 individuals that unambiguously demonstrates the presence of at least two independent evolutionary lineages within extant Amia populations that merit species-level standing, as well as the possibility of two more. These findings not only expand the recognizable species diversity in an iconic, ancient lineage, but also demonstrate the utility of such methods in addressing previously intractable questions of molecular systematics and phylogeography in slowly evolving groups of ancient fishes.
The comprehensive detection of miRNA and circRNA in the regulation of intramuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissue of Laiwu pig
Authors: Feng Hui , Yousuf Salsabeel , Liu Tianyi , Zhang Xiuxiu , Huang Wanlong , Li Ai , Xie Lingli , Miao Xiangyang
Published: October 2022

circRNAs, as miRNA sponges, participate in many important biological processes. However, it remains unclear whether circRNAs can regulate lipid metabolism. This study aimed to explore the competing endogenouse RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network that affects the difference between intramuscular fat (IMF) and subcutaneous fat (SCF) deposition, and to screen key circRNAs and their regulatory genes. In this experiment, we identified 265 differentially expressed circRNAs, of which 187 up-regulated circRNA and 78 down-regulated circRNA in IMF. Subsequently, we annotated the function of DEcircRNA's host genes, and found that DEcircRNA's host genes were mainly involved in GO terms (including cellular response to fatty acids, lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase activity, R-SMAD binding, etc.) and signaling pathways (fatty acid biosynthesis, Citrate cycle, TGF- β Signal pathway) related to adipogenesis, differentiation and lipid metabolism. By constructing a circRNA-miRNA network, we screened out DEcircRNA that can competitively bind to more miRNAs as key circRNAs (circRNA_06424 and circRNA_08840). Through the functional annotation of indirect target genes and protein network analysis, we found that circRNA_06424 affects the expression of PPARD, MMP9, UBA7 and other indirect target genes by competitively binding to miRNAs such as ssc-miR-339-5p, ssc-miR-744 and ssc-miR-328, and participates in PPAR signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, unsaturated fatty acid and other signaling pathways, resulting in the difference of fat deposition between IMF and SCF. This study provide a theoretical basis for further research investigating the differences of lipid metabolism in different adipose tissues, providing potential therapeutic targets for ectopic fat deposition and lipid metabolism diseases.
Polar amplification comparison among Earth’s three poles under different socioeconomic scenarios from CMIP6 surface air temperature
Authors: Xie Aihong , Zhu Jiangping , Kang Shichang , Qin Xiang , Xu Bing , Wang Yicheng
Published: October 2022

The polar amplification (PA) has become the focus of climate change. However, there are seldom comparisons of amplification among Earth’s three poles of Arctic (latitude higher than 60 °N), Antarctica (Antarctic Ice Sheet) and the Third Pole (the High Mountain Asia with the elevation higher than 4000 m) under different socioeconomic scenarios. Based on CMIP6 multi-model ensemble, two types of PA index (PAI) have been defined to quantify the PA intensity and variations, and PAI1/PAI2 is defined as the ratio of the absolute value of surface air temperature linear trend over Earth’s three poles and that for global mean/over other regions except Earth’s three poles. Arctic warms fastest in winter and weakest in summer, followed by the Third Pole, and Antarctica warms least. The similar phenomenon proceeds when global warming of 1.5–2.0 °C, and 2.0–3.0 °C above pre-industrial levels. After removing the Earth’s three poles self-influence, all the PAI2s increase much more obviously relative to the PAI1s, especially the Antarctic PAI. Earth’s three poles warm faster than the other regions. With the forcing increasing, PA accelerates much more over Antarctica and the Third Pole, but becomes weaker over Arctic. This demonstrates that future warming rate might make a large difference among Earth’s three poles under different scenarios.
Remembering St. Louis Individual—structural violence and acute bacterial infections in a historical anatomical collection
Authors: Austin Rita M. , Zuckerman Molly , Honap Tanvi P. , Lee Hedwig , Ward Geoff K. , Warinner Christina , Sankaranarayanan Krithivasan , Hofman Courtney A.
Published: October 2022

Incomplete documentary evidence, variable biomolecular preservation, and limited skeletal responses have hindered assessment of acute infections in the past. This study was initially developed to explore the diagnostic potential of dental calculus to identify infectious diseases, however, the breadth and depth of information gained from a particular individual, St. Louis Individual (St.LI), enabled an individualized assessment and demanded broader disciplinary introspection of ethical research conduct. Here, we document the embodiment of structural violence in a 23-year-old Black and/or African American male, who died of lobar pneumonia in 1930s St. Louis, Missouri. St.LI exhibits evidence of systemic poor health, including chronic oral infections and a probable tuberculosis infection. Metagenomic sequencing of dental calculus recovered three pre-antibiotic era pathogen genomes, which likely contributed to the lobar pneumonia cause of death (CoD): Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.8X); Acinetobacter nosocomialis (28.4X); and Acinetobacter junii (30.1X). Ante- and perimortem evidence of St.LI’s lived experiences chronicle the poverty, systemic racism, and race-based structural violence experienced by marginalized communities in St. Louis, which contributed to St.LI’s poor health, CoD, anatomization, and inclusion in the Robert J. Terry Anatomical Collection. These same embodied inequalities continue to manifest as health disparities affecting many contemporary communities in the United States.
Analysis of pandemic outdoor recreation and green infrastructure in Nordic cities to enhance urban resilience
Authors: Fagerholm Nora , Samuelsson Karl , Eilola Salla , Giusti Matteo , Hasanzadeh Kamyar , Kajosaari Anna , Koch Daniel , Korpilo Silviya , Kyttä Marketta , Legeby Ann , Liu Yu , Præstholm Søren , Raymond Christopher , Rinne Tiina , Stahl Olafsson Anton , Barthel Stephan
Published: October 2022

Recent empirical research has confirmed the importance of green infrastructure and outdoor recreation to urban people’s well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, only a few studies provide cross-city analyses. We analyse outdoor recreation behaviour across four Nordic cities ranging from metropolitan areas to a middle-sized city. We collected map-based survey data from residents (n = 469–4992) in spring 2020 and spatially analyse green infrastructure near mapped outdoor recreation sites and respondents’ places of residence. Our statistical examination reveals how the interplay among access to green infrastructure across cities and at respondents’ residential location, together with respondents’ socio-demographic profiles and lockdown policies or pandemic restrictions, affects outdoor recreation behaviour. The results highlight that for pandemic resilience, the history of Nordic spatial planning is important. To support well-being in exceptional situations as well as in the long term, green infrastructure planning should prioritise nature wedges in and close to cities and support small-scale green infrastructure.
Bandgap-independent photoconductive detection in two-dimensional Sb2Te3
Authors: Ma Wanli , Wu Tuntan , Yao Niangjuan , Zhou Wei , Jiang Lin , Qiu Qinxi , Li Jingbo , Huang Zhiming
Published: October 2022

Broadening the spectral range of photodetectors is vital for photodetection. However, current photoelectric detectors are selective to wavelength, which depends on bandgap, and thermal detectors respond slowly at room temperature. It is challenging to achieve photoconductivity independent of the semiconductor bandgap, which is needed to broaden the spectral range of photodetectors. Here, we use 2D semiconductor Sb2Te3 to develop a photodetector with metal-semiconductor-metal structure for multiband response, covering visible, infrared, terahertz and millimeter wavelengths at room temperature. This is achieved by the synergy of the photoconductivity of photo-excited electron-hole pairs above the bandgap, and an electromagnetic-induced well effect below the bandgap. The photodetector achieves a responsivity of 0.6 A W−1 at 1550 nm, 515 A W−1 at 0.340 THz with a bias of 0.2 V, respectively. The response time is 900 ns, which is short compared to the reported detectors based on 2D materials. In addition, it also exhibits a high polarization extinction ratio of 90. These results suggest that our strategy achieves a photoconductivity independent of the semiconductor bandgap to broaden the spectral range of photodetectors, and could be a strong candidate for multiband photodetection systems.
A tripartite model system for Southern Ocean diatom-bacterial interactions reveals the coexistence of competing symbiotic strategies
Authors: Andrew Sarah , Wilson Travis , Smith Stephanie , Marchetti Adrian , Septer Alecia N
Published: October 2022

Southern Ocean (SO) diatoms play an important role in global carbon flux, and their influence on carbon export is directly linked to interactions with epiphytic bacteria. Bacterial symbionts that increase diatom growth promote atmospheric carbon uptake, while bacterial degraders divert diatom biomass into the microbial loop where it can then be released as carbon dioxide through respiration. To further explore SO diatom-bacterial associations, a natural model system is needed that is representative of these diverse and important interactions. Here, we use concurrent cultivation to isolate a species of the ecologically-important SO diatom, Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata, and its co-occurring bacteria. Although vitamin-depleted, axenic Pseudo-nitzschia grew poorly in culture, addition of a co-isolated Roseobacter promoted diatom growth, while addition of a co-isolated Flavobacterium negatively impacted diatom growth. Microscopy revealed both bacterial isolates are physically associated with diatom cells and genome sequencing identified important predicted functions including vitamin synthesis, motility, cell attachment mechanisms, and diverse antimicrobial weapons that could be used for interbacterial competition. These findings revealed the natural coexistence of competing symbiotic strategies of diatom-associated bacteria in the SO, and the utility of this tripartite system, composed of a diatom and two bacterial strains, as a co-culture model to probe ecological-relevant interactions between diatoms and the bacteria that compete for access to the phycosphere.
Nanomaterials based on phase change materials for antibacterial application
Authors: Xu Wenjing , Xu Linfeng , Jia Weilu , Mao Xinyu , Liu Shiwei , Dong Hui , Zhang Haidong , Zhang Yewei
Published: October 2022

This review presented the applications of PCM-based nanomaterials in bacterial infections. Firstly, the composition and biotoxicity were outlined. Secondly, various antibacterial tactics were highlighted. Lastly, the perspectives were discussed.
Erythrocyte membrane camouflaged siRNA/chemodrug nanoassemblies for cancer combination therapy
Authors: Xu Jie , Chen Tianbao , Sun Tingting , Yu Chunyang , Yan Deyue , Zhu Lijuan
Published: October 2022

Erythrocyte membrane camouflaged nanoassemblies of siRNA/chemodrugs were constructed, in which cationic amphiphilic chemodrugs interact with negatively charged siRNA and self-assemble into siRNA/chemodrug nanoparticles for combination cancer therapy.
Controlled release and characterisation of photocaged molecules using in situ LED illumination in solution NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Bramham Jack E. , Zalar Matja , Golovanov Alexander P.
Published: October 2022

We demonstrate that photo-uncaging reactions triggered by LED illumination can be conveniently monitored in situ by solution NMR, offering new ways to characterise and optimise photocages.
Electrode kinetics from a single experiment: multi-amplitude analysis in square-wave chronoamperometry
Authors: Guziejewski Dariusz , Stojanov Leon , Zwierzak Zuzanna , Compton Richard G. , Mirceski Valentin
Published: October 2022

Multi-amplitude square-wave chronoamperometry – new methodology in characterization of the electron transfer within a single, simplified experiment.
Unravelling the binding affinity and selectivity of molybdenum(ii) phenanthroline complexes with DNA G-quadruplexes by using linear-scaling DFT studies. The important role of ancillary ligands
Authors: Ortiz de Luzuriaga Iker , Sánchez-González Ángel , Synoradzki Wojciech , Lopez Xabier , Gil Adrià
Published: October 2022

[Mo(η3-C3H5)Br(CO)2(phen)] Ax isomer interacting through of end-stacking could be selective for G-quadruplexes since a better affinity for this non-canonical DNA structure than for duplex DNA was observed when comparing interaction energies.
The evolution towards cyclic structures in the aggregation of aromatic alcohols: the dimer, trimer and tetramer of 2-phenylethanol
Authors: Camiruaga Ander , Saragi Rizalina Tama , Torres-Hernández Fernando , Juanes Marcos , Usabiaga Imanol , Lesarri Alberto , Fernández José A.
Published: October 2022

Gas-phase spectroscopic studies of alcohol clusters offer accurate information on the influence of non-covalent interactions on molecular recognition, and are of paramount importance to model supramolecular and biological chemical processes.
Unexpected NMR shieldings of sp- and sp2-hybridized carbon atoms in graphyne systems
Authors: Štěpánek Petr , Lantto Perttu
Published: October 2022

The NMR chemical shifts of carbon in different graphynes strongly depend on the structure, challenging common rules for chemical shifts in organic molecules.
Light-assisted coupling of phenols with CO2 to 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes catalyzed by a g-C3N4/NH2-MIL-101(Fe) composite
Authors: Bhatt Sakshi , Das Ranjita S. , Kumar Anupama , Malik Anil , Soni Aishwarya , Jain Suman L.
Published: October 2022

The present work described a novel photocatalytic approach for the synthesis of 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes from the coupling of phenols and CO2 in the presence of a base using a graphitic carbon nitride/NH2-MIL-101(Fe) composite under mild conditions.
Machine learning the quantum flux–flux correlation function for catalytic surface reactions
Authors: Pelkie Brenden G. , Valleau Stéphanie
Published: October 2022

Gaussian process regressors were successfuly trained to predict fully quantum flux–flux correlation functions and the corresponding reaction rate constants.
Molecular speciation controls arsenic and lead bioaccessibility in fugitive dusts from sulfidic mine tailings
Authors: Root Robert A. , Chorover Jon
Published: October 2022

Mine tailings are sources of metal(loid)-rich particulate matter (PM), particularly in dry climates. Inhaled or ingested PM bioavailability and toxicity depends on the solid phase speciation and the rate of PM dissolution.
Quantum chemical calculation of the vapor pressure of volatile and semi volatile organic compounds
Authors: Stahn Marcel , Grimme Stefan , Salthammer Tunga , Hohm Uwe , Palm Wolf-Ulrich
Published: October 2022

Quantum chemistry based calculation methods enable the reliable prediction of the vapor pressure of molecules with rather general structure and are particularly valuable for non-rigid substances with low volatilities.
Photocatalyzed electron exchange between organic chromophores and hematite nanoparticles and the role of solid-state charge transport
Authors: Boamah Mavis D. , Huang Xiaopeng , Joly Alan , Wang Zheming , Rosso Kevin M.
Published: October 2022

An increase in the fluorescence lifetime of rhodamine B dye, when in contact with hematite nanoparticles in methanol from mildly acidic to alkaline pH, is consistent with the transfer of electrons from excited dye to the hematite conduction band.
Synthesis of diols from jojoba oil via rhodium-catalyzed reductive hydroformylation: a smart way to access biobased polyurethanes
Authors: Becquet Chryslain , Ferreira Michel , Bricout Hervé , Quienne Baptiste , Caillol Sylvain , Monflier Eric , Tilloy Sébastien
Published: October 2022

Diol was synthesised from Jojoba oil ester by a recyclable catalytic system and was used for biobased polyurethane synthesis.
Morphological evolution driven semiconducting nanostructures for emerging solar, biological and nanogenerator applications
Authors: Srivastava Avanish Kumar , Tawale Jai Shankar , Verma Rajni , Agarwal Daksh , Sharma Charu , Kumar Ashavani , Gupta Manoj Kumar
Published: October 2022

Metal oxide nanostructures are extremely fascinating smart and functional materials owing to their outstanding wide and tunable band gap, biocompatibility, high electrochemical coupling coefficient, photostability and excellent piezoelectric properties.
A bio-inspired, ultra-tough, high-sensitivity, and anti-swelling conductive hydrogel strain sensor for motion detection and information transmission
Authors: Di Xiang , Hou Jiawen , Yang Mingming , Wu Guolin , Sun Pingchuan
Published: October 2022

A bio-inspired, ultra-tough, high-sensitivity, and anti-swelling conductive hydrogel strain sensor for motion detection and information transmission.
Recombinant and genetic code expanded collagen-like protein as a tailorable biomaterial
Authors: Meganathan Ilamaran , Pachaiyappan Mohandass , Aarthy Mayilvahanan , Radhakrishnan Janani , Mukherjee Smriti , Shanmugam Ganesh , You Jingjing , Ayyadurai Niraikulam
Published: October 2022

Collagen occurs in nature with a dedicated triple helix structure and is the most preferred biomaterial in commercialized medical products. Recombinant collagen emerge as sustainable alternate source that overcomes existing demerits.
Biodegradable Fe(ii)/Fe(iii)-coordination-driven nanoassemblies for chemo/photothermal/chemodynamic synergistic therapy of bacterial infection
Authors: Dai Xiaomei , Li Yu , Liu Xiaojun , Lei Zhangyi , Yang Lele , Xu Qingqing , Gao Feng
Published: October 2022

This study provides a novel approach for preparing biodegradable nanoassemblies with synergistic chemo/photothermal/chemodynamic performance to selectively combat bacterial infection.
Two-dimensional type-II XSi2P4/MoTe2 (X = Mo, W) van der Waals heterostructures with tunable electronic and optical properties
Authors: Luo Qingqing , Yin Shaoqian , Sun Xiaoxin , Tang Yanan , Feng Zhen , Dai Xianqi
Published: October 2022

The type-II MoSi2P4/MoTe2 (WSi2P4/MoTe2) possesses a direct bandgap of 0.258 eV (0.363 eV) at the PBE level and shows promise for application in the nanoelectronic and optoelectronic fields.
Impact of substituent nature in diformylpyridyl Schiff base on photophysical and electrochemical properties of ruthenium- and iron-based complexes
Authors: Pankov Ilya , Skidanenko Anna , Tsaturyan Arshak
Published: October 2022

The effect of substituents on the optical properties, redox potential, and reorganization energy in a series of Ru and Fe based complexes was studied. All studied complexes respond to the requirements for a sensitizer as the main component of DSSC.
Black or red phosphorus yields the same blue phosphorus film
Authors: Sala Alessandro , Caporali Maria , Serrano-Ruiz Manuel , Armillotta Francesco , Vesselli Erik , Genuzio Francesca , Menteş Tevfik Onur , Locatelli Andrea , Comelli Giovanni , Africh Cristina , Verdini Alberto
Published: October 2022

After the discovery of graphene, many other 2D materials have been predicted theoretically and successfully prepared. In this context, phosphorene is emerging as a viable contender in the field of (2D) semiconductors.
Three-dimensional plasmonic nanoclusters driven by co-assembly of thermo-plasmonic nanoparticles and colloidal quantum dots
Authors: Kim Won-Geun , Devaraj Vasanthan , Yang Younghwan , Lee Jong-Min , Kim Ji Tae , Oh Jin-Woo , Rho Junsuk
Published: October 2022

This work proposes a micropipette-based self-assembly method to fabricate 3D architectures composed of colloidal clusters. The experimental and theoretical demonstration of the thermo-plasmonic properties of the colloidal clusters was performed.
Improvement of field emission performances by DMSO and PEDOT:PSS treated freestanding CNT clusters
Authors: Liu Jiayu Alexander , Wang Jiaqi , Cheraghi Elahe , Chen Siyuan , Sun Yonghai , Yeow John T. W.
Published: October 2022

In this study, two treatment methods to improve the FE performance of vertically aligned CNT are presented and the differences of these treated CNTs are compared. Both treatments force CNTs to be bundled into clusters and extend the lifetime of FE.
Porous materials formed by four self-construction processes
Authors: Liu Qiuhua , Shen Xiaorong , Dai Ye , Zhang Mengchen , Zhou Zaichun
Published: October 2022

Multiple self-construction behavior of cyclic oligoesters is described.
Facile construction of C,N-disulfonated 5-amino pyrazoles through an iodine-catalyzed cascade reaction
Authors: Geng Meiqi , Kuang Jinqiang , Fang Weiwei , Miao Maozhong , Ma Yongmin
Published: October 2022

A green and facile synthesis of previously unreported C,N-disulfonated 5-amino pyrazoles was established through an iodine-catalyzed cascade reaction.
Modulating the reactivity of polymer with pendant ester groups by methylation reaction for preparing functional polymers
Authors: Lang Xianhua , Xu Zhao , Li Qincong , Yuan Ling , Thumu Udayabhaskararao , Zhao Hui
Published: October 2022

Chemical reaction triggered the reactivity of polymeric esters.
Origin of the exceptional selectivity of NaA zeolite for the radioactive isotope 90Sr2+
Authors: Hao Wenfeng , Yan Nana , Xie Miao , Yan Xiaojun , Guo Xiliang , Bai Pu , Guo Peng , Cheng Tao , Yan Wenfu
Published: October 2022

A NaA zeolite shows exceptionally high selectivity for radioactive 90Sr2+. Structural Rietveld refinements reveal that all Sr2+ ions are located at the center of the s6rs of lta cages.
Hg2(SeO3)(SO4): the first sulfate selenite with large birefringence explored from d10transition metal compounds
Authors: Li Peng-Fei , Hu Chun-Li , Kong Fang , Mao Jiang-Gao
Published: October 2022

Hg2(SeO3)(SO4), explored in the d10TM–Se(iv)–SO4system, features the first metal sulfate selenite with a large birefringence of up to 0.133 and 0.126 at 532 and 1064 nm, respectively.
Brønsted acid promoted substrate-dependent regiodivergent alkynylcyclopropane–cyclopentadiene rearrangement assisted by the internal carbonyl group
Authors: Fu Yue , Bi Hongyan , Lei Siling , Wang Sunewang R.
Published: October 2022

Facile Brønsted acid promoted alkynylcyclopropane–cyclopentadiene rearrangement, avoiding the five-membered cycloallene intermediate assisted by the internal carbonyl groups, has been developed.
A novel immunochemotherapy based on immunogenicity-activated and immunosuppression-reversed biomimetic nanoparticles
Authors: Zuo Huaqin , Tao Junxian , Wang Manli , Xie Xiaoyan , Sun Mei
Published: October 2022

PM–PLGA–DOX/GEM nanoparticles can enhance anti-tumor immunity by recruiting and activating cytotoxic T lymphocytes based on immunogenic activation and immunosuppressive reversion.
Quantitative study of impact damage on yellow peaches based on reflectance, absorbance and Kubelka–Munk spectral data
Authors: Li Bin , Zhang Feng , Liu Yande , Yin Hai , Zou Jiping , Ou-yang Aiguo
Published: October 2022

This study compared the quantitative predictive ability of three kinds of spectra for mechanical parameters. In summary, K–M spectra combined with the PLSR model can be used to accurately predict the mechanical parameters of impact damage.
Aluminium complexes containing indolyl-phenolate ligands as catalysts for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters
Authors: Chen Chi-Tien , Lai Zi-Ling
Published: October 2022

A series of aluminium indolyl phenolate complexes has been prepared and exhibited catalytic activities toward the ROP of cyclic esters in the presence of benzyl alcohol.
Pillar[n]arene–calix[m]arene hybrid macrocyclic structures
Authors: Liu Zhaona , Li Bing , Song Leqian , Zhang Huacheng
Published: October 2022

In this review, the preparation and application of pillar[n]arene–calix[m]arene hybrid macrocyclic compounds are summarized and discussed.
Palladium-catalyzed/copper-mediated carbon–carbon cross-coupling reaction for synthesis of 6-unsubstituted 2-aryldihydropyrimidines
Authors: Nishimura Yoshio , Kubo Takanori , Takayama Saho , Yoshida Hanako , Cho Hidetsura
Published: October 2022

This protocol enables the synthesis of 6-unsubstituted 2-aryldihydropyrimidines using various substituents at the 2- and 4-positions, which would impact dihydropyrimidine-based biological and pharmacological studies.
Physico-chemical interactions within lignocellulosic biomass and their importance in developing solvent based deconstruction methods
Authors: Beck Seth , Choi Phillip , Mushrif Samir H.
Published: October 2022

Fundamental understanding of physico-chemical interactions among the biopolymers in lignocellulosic biomass is crucial to develop atom-efficient deconstruction methods.
Topology- and wavelength-governed CO2 reduction photocatalysis in molecular catalyst-metal–organic framework assemblies
Authors: Stanley Philip M. , Hemmer Karina , Hegelmann Markus , Schulz Annika , Park Mihyun , Elsner Martin , Cokoja Mirza , Warnan Julien
Published: October 2022

Two MOF molecular catalyst hybrids with differing topologies show mass and light transport governed photocatalysis. MOF-specific, irradiation wavelength-dependent product control is unlocked by switching between two energy/electron transfer channels.
Review on organic phase change materials for sustainable energy storage
Authors: Yang Ao-Shuang , Cai Tian-Yu , Su Li , Li Yong-Sheng , He Fang-Fang , Zhang Quan-Ping , Zhou Yuan-Lin , He Ren , Zhang Kai , Yang Wen-Bin
Published: October 2022

Phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage have been intensively studied because it contributes to energy conservation and emission reduction for sustainable energy use.
Activity engineering of cobalt-based oxide materials for high performance supercapacitors: from morphology regulation to structural optimization
Authors: Wang Jibiao , Wang Dan , Chen Yanli , Wang Wenchang , Mitsuzaki Naotoshi , Chen Zhidong
Published: October 2022

A strategy to improve the performance of cobalt-based oxide materials for use in supercapacitors through morphology control and structural optimization.
Particulate suspension coating of capillary tubes
Authors: Jeong D.-H. , Xing L. , Boutin J.-B. , Sauret A.
Published: October 2022

The displacement of a suspension of particles by an immiscible fluid in a capillary tube or porous media leaves behind a coating film. This study rationalizes the properties of this film and the different coating regimes observed.
Catalytic centers with multiple oxidation states: a strategy for breaking the overpotential ceiling from the linear scaling relation in oxygen evolution
Authors: Kim Ungsoo , Mun Jinhong , Koo Donghwan , Seo Jihyung , Choi Yunseong , Lee Geunsik , Park Hyesung
Published: October 2022

The multiple-oxidation-state catalyst enhanced the oxygen evolution kinetics and energetics by facilitating the charge transfer and breaking the scaling relation, leading to an excellent oxygen evolution activity.
Enhanced electroreduction of CO2 by Ni–N–C catalysts from the interplay between valency and local coordination symmetry
Authors: Shin Dongyup , Choi Hansol , An Jihun , Sohn Chang Ho , Choi Chang Hyuck , Shin Hyeyoung , Kim Hyungjun
Published: October 2022

Symmetry breaking and valency change of Ni–N–C catalysts endow a CO2 electroreduction activity.
Toward high-performance flexible micro-supercapacitors: in situ construction of 2D porous carbon nanosheets with a unique polycrystalline-like micro-morphological feature
Authors: Wu Wenyu , Ma Huaxin , Zhang Zhao , Gu Yu , Zhang Jingjie , Li Shuo , Zhang Ruijun
Published: October 2022

A unique 2D porous carbon nanosheet (PL-PCN) which has a polycrystalline-like micro-morphological feature is synthesized for the first time. The PL-PCN-based MSC exhibits ultrahigh areal capacitance and energy density.
Regulating the spin order of transition metal embedded-MXenes for boosting electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia
Authors: Li Neng , Wang Zheng , Zhang Peng , Li Xin , Arramel Arramel , Sun Chenghua , Zhou Xing , Zhao Xiujian
Published: October 2022

The mechanism of regulating the spin order of transition metal embedded-MXenes for boosting electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia.
Clarification of Li deposition behavior on anodes with a porous interlayer in Li-free all-solid-state batteries
Authors: Park Se Hwan , Jun Dayoung , Jung Ji Eun , Lee Seong Gyu , Lee Gyu Hyun , Lee Yun Jung
Published: October 2022

Factors that determine the Li deposition behavior in Li-free ASSBs with a porous interlayer are systemically identified and Li deposition behavior is interpreted based on both thermodynamics and the kinetics.
A meta-alkylthio-phenyl chain–substituted small-molecule donor as the third component for high-efficiency organic solar cells
Authors: Zhang Chenyang , Li Jing , Ji Lei , Hu Hanlin , Li Gang , Wang Kai
Published: October 2022

A novel small-molecule donor was designed and synthesized with appropriate energy level, complementary absorption and good compatibility with PM6. Ternary OSCs based on PM6 : Y6 system achieve PCE of 17.32%, and 18.41% for PM6 : L8-BO system.
A novel graphdiyne (CnH2n−2) preparation strategy: calcium carbide-derived graphdiyne film supported cobalt tetroxide nanoneedles for photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Wang Xiangyi , Jin Zhiliang
Published: October 2022

Guiding the directional and effective migration of photocarriers is a basic strategy to achieve high performance of catalysts in the photocatalytic water splitting process.
Ultrastable hydrated vanadium dioxide cathodes for high-performance aqueous zinc ion batteries with H+/Zn2+ Co-insertion mechanism
Authors: Chen Xiudong , Hu Xiesen , Chen Yaoyao , Cao Xiaohua , Huang Yan , Zhang Hang , Liu Jin-Hang , Wang Yawei , Chou Shu-Lei , Cao Dapeng
Published: October 2022

The ultrastable VO2·xH2O nanobelt with crystal water has been prepared successfully by a simple and easy large-scale hydrothermal method as cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries with ultra-high reversible capacity and rate capability.
Antibacterial nanopatterned coatings for dental implants
Authors: Fontelo Raul , Soares da Costa Diana , Gomez-Florit Manuel , Tiainen Hanna , Reis Rui L. , Novoa-Carballal Ramon , Pashkuleva Iva
Published: October 2022

Block copolymer (PS-b-P2VP) nanopatterns were assembled on Ti dental implants and their effect on Gram-positive and Gramm-negative bacterial strains, gingival fibroblast and macrophages is reported.
MOF(Fe)-derived composites as a unique nanoplatform for chemo-photodynamic tumor therapy
Authors: Mo Zhimin , Pan Xinyuan , Pan Xiaoli , Ye Lin , Hu Han , Xu Qi , Hu Xiaoxi , Xu Zushun , Xiong Jie , Liao Guangfu , Yang Shengli
Published: October 2022

Novel MnO2@NH2-MIL101(Fe)@Ce6-F127 nanoparticles (MNMCF NPs) were synthesized using a facile solvothermal strategy, and can be used as multifunctional nanoplatforms for high-efficiency chemo-photodynamic synergistic antitumor therapy.
Green light-emitting electrochemical cells based on platinum(ii) complexes with a carbazole-appended carbene ligand
Authors: Fuertes Sara , Mardegan Lorenzo , Martínez Ignacio , Ventura Silvia , Ara Irene , Tordera Daniel , Bolink Henk J. , Sicilia Violeta
Published: October 2022

Cyclometallated N-heterocyclic carbenes with an appended carbazole and chelating diphosphines brought together to achieve the first simple solution-processed green-emitting iTMC-LECs based on mononuclear Pt(ii) complexes.
Optimized molecular aggregation and photophysical process synergistically promoted photovoltaic performance in low-regularity benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-based medium-bandgap copolymers via modulating π bridges
Authors: Tong Junfeng , Huang Yubo , Liu Wuyan , Shou Mengdie , An Lili , Jiang Xuefeng , Guo Pengzhi , Han Yang , Liang Zezhou , Li Jianfeng , Xia Yangjun
Published: October 2022

Low regularity PClBDT-TBT not only effectively improved molecular aggregation but also prolonged exciton diffusion time in order to suppress recombination and ameliorate charge transfer, leading to an excellent PCE of 13.04% when paired with Y6.
Singlet–triplet splitting energy management for thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters: up-conversion of acceptor triplet into charge transfer singlet state
Authors: Li Bowen , Li Zhiyi , Xia Qing , Song Xiangan , Chen Daoyuan , Guo Fengyun , Gao Shiyong , Wang Ying , Zhang Yong
Published: October 2022

Energetic proximity between charge transfer singlet (1CT) and a local exciton triplet (3LE) is critical to facilitate reverse intersystem crossing rate and thus ultimately TADF.
Recent advances in benzodifuran based photovoltaic materials
Authors: Gui Xiaoman , Zheng Bing , Huo Lijun
Published: October 2022

The BDF-based materials have great significance in promoting the development of high-efficiency OSCs. We comprehensively summarize the structure–property relationships of BDF-based materials, and discuss the empirical regularities and perspectives.
Analysis for metal sheath corrosion rate in AC high voltage power cable
Authors: Lai Lin‐Hua , Wu Zhi‐Heng , Liu Xiao‐Dong , Hao Yanpeng , Liu Gang
Published: October 2022

Reliable power transmission requires the safe operation of high‐voltage cable. A number of high‐voltage cable failures caused by aluminium sheath corrosion has been reported these years. However, neither discussion on factors influencing corrosion rate nor specification describing corrosion inhibiting method has been presented. Thus, it is crucial to address the research gap in evaluating corrosion rate of aluminium sheath in various corrosive environments. Here, the effect of chlorides on aluminium sheath corrosion is analyzed. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), the corroded surface is investigated. Titration experiment is performed to quantify the chlorides content in buffer layer of cable. Polarization curves are employed to analyze the corrosion rate of aluminium sheath in different chlorides content environment. Surface analysis result shows that chlorine‐rich phase can be observed on the corroded surface. Titration experiment result reveals that buffer layer used in high voltage cable is one of the sources of chlorides content which varies from 0.7 to 4.2 wt%. Finally, polarization curve shows that when chloride content increases from 0.6 to 1.8 wt%, the pitting potential left shifts from −0.689 to −0.742 V. The corrosion resistance of aluminium sheath deteriorates significantly with the increase of chlorides content.
Novel detection approach for thermal defects: Study on its feasibility and application to vehicle cables
Authors: Liu Kai , Yang Zhixiang , Wei Wenfu , Gao Bo , Xin Dongli , Sun Chuanming , Gao Guoqiang , Wu Guangning
Published: October 2022

It is important to accurately assess the thermal defect state of equipment to ensure its safe operation. A novel thermal defect detection method called the square even‐order derivative method is proposed. First, the derivative functions of temperature were constructed to investigate the main‐side‐peak characteristics of the derivative curve, and the mathematical expressions for the position, depth, intensity of the defects, and parameters of the derivative curve were deduced, which can be used to quantitatively detect the defects. Then, numerical and experimental analyses of an example case of defected epoxy resin plates were carried out to verify that thermal defects can be effectively and accurately detected by the proposed method. Finally, the method was applied to a vehicle cable to detect its thermal defects in another example case of defected vehicle cable, which preliminarily validated the feasibility of the proposed method in practical applications.
Large‐scale plasma grafts voltage stabilizer on hexagonal boron nitride for improving electrical insulation and thermal conductivity of epoxy composite
Authors: Zhang Penghao , Yao Chenguo , Yu Liang , Zhao Xuetong , Zhao Lisheng , Lan Linghan , Dong Shoulong
Published: October 2022

Better electrical insulation and thermal management are both urgently required in integrated power semiconductors. Electrical insulation epoxy encapsulation suffers from poor heat conduction, which has increasingly become a bottleneck of power semiconductors integration. Although incorporating high thermal conductivity ceramics, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), aluminium nitride etc. into epoxy promotes the thermal conductivity, the eco‐friendly scalable fabrication of these composites with sufficient electrical breakdown strength remains a formidable challenge. Suitable voltage stabilizers are known to provide additional benefits to breakdown strength. Herein, a high‐throughput approach combining plasma with roll‐to‐roll was developed. The voltage stabilizer (acetophenone) was grafted on interfaces between hBN and epoxy matrix through plasma. The high‐energy electrons are consumed by the grafted interface, which leads to the significant suppression of partial discharge in Epoxy/hBN. Meanwhile, interfacial phonon scattering is repaired by grafting. Therefore, the epoxy composite concurrently exhibits improved breakdown strength (by 27.4%) and thermal conductivity (by 142.9%) at about 11.9 wt.% filler content, outperforming the pure epoxy. Consequently, a promising modification strategy for mass production is provided for the encapsulation materials in various high‐power‐density semiconductor devices.
Radio source-component association for the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey with region-based convolutional neural networks
Authors: Mostert Rafaël I. J. , Duncan Kenneth J. , Alegre Lara , Röttgering Huub J. A. , Williams Wendy L. , Best Philip N. , Hardcastle Martin J. , Morganti Raffaella
Published: October 2022

Context. Radio loud active galactic nuclei (RLAGNs) are often morphologically complex objects that can consist of multiple, spatially separated, components. Only when the spatially separated radio components are correctly grouped together can we start to look for the corresponding optical host galaxy and infer physical parameters such as the size and luminosity of the radio object. Existing radio detection software to group these spatially separated components together is either experimental or based on assumptions that do not hold for current generation surveys, such that, in practice, astronomers often rely on visual inspection to resolve radio component association. However, applying visual inspection to all the hundreds of thousands of well-resolved RLAGNs that appear in the images from the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) at 144 MHz, is a daunting, time-consuming process, even with extensive manpower.

Aims. Using a machine learning approach, we aim to automate the radio component association of large (>15 arcsec) radio components.

Methods. We turned the association problem into a classification problem and trained an adapted Fast region-based convolutional neural network to mimic the expert annotations from the first LoTSS data release. We implemented a rotation data augmentation to reduce overfitting and simplify the component association by removing unresolved radio sources that are likely unrelated to the large and bright radio components that we consider using predictions from an existing gradient boosting classifier.

Results. For large (>15 arcsec) and bright (>10 mJy) radio components in the LoTSS first data release, our model provides the same associations for 85.3% ± 0.6 of the cases as those derived when astronomers perform the association manually. When the association is done through public crowd-sourced efforts, a result similar to that of our model is attained.

Conclusions. Our method is able to efficiently carry out manual radio-component association for huge radio surveys and can serve as a basis for either automated radio morphology classification or automated optical host identification. This opens up an avenue to study the completeness and reliability of samples of radio sources with extended, complex morphologies.