bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk perception and preventive behaviours of COVID-19 among university students, Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tsegaw Menen , Mulat Bezawit , Shitu Kegnie
Published: April 2022

Objective

This study aimed to assess COVID-19 preventive behaviours and their associated factors among university students.

Methods

An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed among 405 university students and the study participants were chosen using a stratified simple random selection procedure. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to assess participants’ perception of and preventive behaviour towards COVID-19. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 preventive behaviour.

Result

A total of 405 students participated in this study with a response rate of 97.4%. The mean age of the participants was 23.6 (SD ±2.4, range 19–30) years. Two hundred and twenty of the participants (45.7% with 95% CI 41.0% to 51.0%) had good preventive behaviour towards COVID-19. COVID-19 preventive behaviour was significantly associated with age (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.1, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.2), female sex (AOR=1.6, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.60), knowing anyone infected with COVID-19 (AOR=4.05, 95% CI 1.9 to 8.8), participants who had high perceived susceptibility (AOR=2.14, 95% CI 1.44 to 3.35) and participants who were enrolled in health programmes (AOR=4.23, 95% CI 2.6 to 7.0).

Conclusion and recommendation

The overall COVID-19 preventive behaviour among university students is unsatisfactory. Students' COVID-19 preventive behaviour was influenced by age, sex, knowing a COVID-19 infected person, perceived susceptibility and the sort of programme in which they had enrolled. The findings revealed that health communication interventions aimed at changing people’s perceptions of COVID-19 and related prevention strategies are urgently needed to improve this population’s COVID-19 preventive behaviour.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on diagnoses of common mental health disorders in adults in Catalonia, Spain: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Raventós Berta , Pistillo Andrea , Reyes Carlen , Fernández-Bertolín Sergio , Aragón Maria , Berenguera Anna , Jacques-Aviñó Constanza , Medina-Perucha Laura , Burn Edward , Duarte-Salles Talita
Published: April 2022

Objective

To investigate how trends in incidence of anxiety and depressive disorders have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design

Population-based cohort study.

Setting

Retrospective cohort study from 2018 to 2021 using the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) database in Catalonia, Spain.

Participants

3 640 204 individuals aged 18 or older in SIDIAP on 1 March 2018 with no history of anxiety and depressive disorders.

Primary and secondary outcomes measures

The incidence of anxiety and depressive disorders during the prelockdown period (March 2018–February 2020), lockdown period (March–June 2020) and postlockdown period (July 2020–March 2021) was calculated. Forecasted rates over the COVID-19 periods were estimated using negative binomial regression models based on prelockdown data. The percentage of reduction was estimated by comparing forecasted versus observed events, overall and by sex, age and socioeconomic status.

Results

The incidence rates per 100 000 person-months of anxiety and depressive disorders were 151.1 (95% CI 150.3 to 152.0) and 32.3 (31.9 to 32.6), respectively, during the prelockdown period. We observed an increase of 37.1% (95% prediction interval 25.5 to 50.2) in incident anxiety diagnoses compared with the expected in March 2020, followed by a reduction of 15.8% (7.3 to 23.5) during the postlockdown period. A reduction in incident depressive disorders occurred during the lockdown and postlockdown periods (45.6% (39.2 to 51.0) and 22.0% (12.6 to 30.1), respectively). Reductions were higher among women during the lockdown period, adults aged 18–34 years and individuals living in the most deprived areas.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic in Catalonia was associated with an initial increase in anxiety disorders diagnosed in primary care but a reduction in cases as the pandemic continued. Diagnoses of depressive disorders were lower than expected throughout the pandemic.
Clinical ethics support services in paediatric practice: protocol for a mixed studies systematic review on structures, interventions and outcomes
Authors: Dittborn Mariana , Portales Bernardita , Brierley Joe
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Clinical ethics support services (CESS) have been developing worldwide with growing interest in evaluating their quality. Paediatric-specific CESSs (p-CESS) have received little attention, and evidence from adult services might not be generalisable. Evidence on service models and practices is crucial to inform further research and debate on quality evaluation and minimum standards for p-CESSs. We aim to systematically identify, appraise and synthesise evidence for p-CESS structures, processes and outcomes.

Methods and analysis

We will conduct a mixed-studies systematic review including peer-reviewed empirical studies published in English or Spanish language providing data on the evaluation and/or impact on any aspect of p-CESS. We will search seven electronic databases: MEDLINE, Philosopher’s Index, EMBASE, PsycINFO, LILACS, Web of Science and CINHAL, without filters applied. Search terms will be related to “clinical ethics support” AND “paediatrics” AND “structure/process/outcome”. Reference and citation list of included studies will be handsearched. A 10% random sample of retrieved titles/abstracts and all full texts will be independently dual-screened. We will conduct narrative and thematic synthesis for quantitative and qualitative data, respectively, following sequential explanatory synthesis guided by Donabedian’s framework of structure, process and outcomes. Quality will be assessed using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool (2018). The review will be reported using the adapted Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for reporting systematic reviews of qualitative and quantitative evidence template. Stakeholders will be involved twice in the review process; prior to data extraction and synthesis and after preliminary results.

Ethics and dissemination

As a systematic review of published data, no ethical approval is necessary. Results will be published in a relevant academic peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021280978.
Evaluation of the mental health impacts of Universal Credit: protocol for a mixed methods study
Authors: Craig Peter , Barr Benjamin , Baxter Andrew J , Brown Heather , Cheetham Mandy , Gibson Marcia , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Moffatt Suzanne , Morris Steph , Munford Luke Aaron , Richiardi Matteo , Sutton Matt , Taylor-Robinson David , Wickham Sophie , Xiang Huasheng , Bambra Clare
Published: April 2022

Introduction

The UK social security system is being transformed by the implementation of Universal Credit (UC), which combines six existing benefits and tax credits into a single payment for low-income households. Despite extensive reports of hardship associated with the introduction of UC, no previous studies have comprehensively evaluated its impact on mental health. Because payments are targeted at low-income households, impacts on mental health will have important consequences for health inequalities.

Methods and analysis

We will conduct a mixed methods study. Work package (WP) 1 will compare health outcomes for new recipients of UC with outcomes for legacy benefit recipients in two large population surveys, using the phased rollout of UC as a natural experiment. We will also analyse the relationship between the proportion of UC claimants in small areas and a composite measure of mental health. WP2 will use data collected by Citizen’s Advice to explore the sociodemographic and health characteristics of people who seek advice when claiming UC and identify features of the claim process that prompt advice-seeking. WP3 will conduct longitudinal in-depth interviews with up to 80 UC claimants in England and Scotland to explore reasons for claiming and experiences of the claim process. Up to 30 staff supporting claimants will also be interviewed. WP4 will use a dynamic microsimulation model to simulate the long-term health impacts of different implementation scenarios. WP5 will undertake cost–consequence analysis of the potential costs and outcomes of introducing UC and cost–benefit analyses of mitigating actions.

Ethics and dissemination

We obtained ethical approval for the primary data gathering from the University of Glasgow, College of Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee, application number 400200244. We will use our networks to actively disseminate findings to UC claimants, the public, practitioners and policy-makers, using a range of methods and formats.

Trial registration number

The study is registered with the Research Registry: researchregistry6697.
Prediction of cerebral aneurysm rupture using a point cloud neural network
Authors: Luo Xiaoyuan , Wang Jienan , Liang Xinmei , Yan Lei , Chen XinHua , He Jian , Luo Jing , Zhao Bing , He Guangchen , Wang Manning , Zhu Yueqi
Published: April 2022

Objective

Accurate prediction of cerebral aneurysm (CA) rupture is of great significance. We intended to evaluate the accuracy of the point cloud neural network (PC-NN) in predicting CA rupture using MR angiography (MRA) and CT angiography (CTA) data.

Methods

418 CAs in 411 consecutive patients confirmed by CTA (n=180) or MRA (n=238) in a single hospital were retrospectively analyzed. A PC-NN aneurysm model with/without parent artery involvement was used for CA rupture prediction and compared with ridge regression, support vector machine (SVM) and neural network (NN) models based on radiomics features. Furthermore, the performance of the trained PC-NN and radiomics-based models was prospectively evaluated in 258 CAs of 254 patients from five external centers.

Results

In the internal test data, the area under the curve (AUC) of the PC-NN model trained with parent artery (AUC=0.913) was significantly higher than that of the PC-NN model trained without parent artery (AUC=0.851; p=0.041) and of the ridge regression (AUC=0.803; p=0.019), SVM (AUC=0.788; p=0.013) and NN (AUC=0.805; p=0.023) radiomics-based models. Additionally, the PC-NN model trained with MRA source data achieved a higher prediction accuracy (AUC=0.936) than that trained with CTA source data (AUC=0.824; p=0.043). In external data of prospective cohort patients, the AUC of PC-NN was 0.835, significantly higher than ridge regression (0.692; p<0.001), SVM (0.701; p<0.001) and NN (0.681; p<0.001) models.

Conclusion

PC-NNs can achieve more accurate CA rupture prediction than traditional radiomics-based models. Furthermore, the performance of the PC-NN model trained with MRA data was superior to that trained with CTA data.
Prevalence and correlates of meeting physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration guidelines among Brazilian adolescents: findings from ERICA
Authors: Schaan Camila Wohlgemuth , Schaan Beatriz D. , Cureau Felipe Vogt
Published: April 2022

The prevalence of meeting movement guidelines is low in developed countries; however, there is a lack of data among medium-income countries, including Brazil. We evaluated the prevalence and correlates of meeting physical activity, screen time, and sleep guidelines in Brazilian adolescents. Employing a cross-sectional design, Brazilian adolescents (aged 12–17 years) were surveyed about their physical activity levels, sleep, and screen time. Data were collected at schools through a self-administered questionnaire using a personal digital assistant for entering the data. Poisson regression models were used to examine the associations between correlates (sex, age, socioeconomic status, region, skin colour, and shift of school) and meeting movement guidelines. A total of 58 535 adolescents were included. Although only 8.7% of the adolescents met all three movement guidelines, the prevalence of those who met physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration guidelines was 46.4%, 42.5%, and 40%, respectively. Moreover, male sex, age 14–15 years, black or brown skin colour, afternoon shift of school, and living in the Northern and Northeastern regions were associated with a higher prevalence of meeting all movement guidelines. The prevalence of adolescents who met all three movement guidelines was low among Brazilian adolescents. Adolescents living in less developed regions showed greater adherence to movement guidelines, suggesting a possible impact of the urbanization process on these behaviours.

Novelty:

The prevalence of Brazilian adolescents who met all three movement behaviour guidelines was around 9%. Among all adolescents, 40% met only one movement guideline.
A biaxial tensional model for early vertebrate morphogenesis
Authors: Fleury Vincent , Abourachid Anick
Published: April 2022

We propose a simple biaxial tensional model which is able to reproduce at a qualitative level several aspects of early stages of vertebrate morphogenesis. The model is based on subsequent excitable contractions of an orthoradial and periclinal (radial) set of contracting lines, which generate first the basic embryonic pattern (a motile tube), and second the lateral orifices such as ears, eyes, mouth, gills, etc. An important aspect of the model is the self-arresting character of the process, akin to wound healing. At later stages, the biaxial lines may also work in extension, and this generates a developmental feedback which is quadratic with respect to curvature.

Graphic abstract
Closed-Form Demonstration and Shake Table Verification of Damping Effect on the Seismic Energy
Authors: Güllü Ahmet , Yüksel Ercan , Altintaş Elif
Published: April 2022

This paper discusses closed-form demonstrations of the damping effect for a basic mass, spring, and damper (MSD) and a single degree of freedom (SDOF) system that are exposed to harmonic loading. Initially, the energy balance equations of the systems were solved in closed form by considering the damping ratio and loading frequency. Verification of the solutions obtained for SDOF systems is achieved by shake table tests. Based on the analytical and experimental results, it was found that the damping effect is highly related to the ratio of loading frequency to the natural vibrational frequency of the system. For the lower and higher values of the ratio, damping is found to be almost ineffective. However, the effect becomes substantial when the ratio reaches unity i.e. at the resonant frequency. Damping has a reverse relation with seismic energy at the dominant frequency. In contrast, the relation is proportional in the vicinity of resonance frequencies. Hence, considering the damping as a parameter for the energy-based design of structures is suggested.
FO-DPSO Algorithm for Segmentation and Detection of Diabetic Mellitus for Ulcers
Authors: Naveen J. , Selvam Sheba , Selvam Blessy
Published: April 2022

In recent days, the major concern for diabetic patients is foot ulcers. According to the survey, among 15 people among 100 are suffering from this foot ulcer. The wound or ulcer found which is found in diabetic patients consumes more time to heal, also required more conscious treatment. Foot ulcers may lead to deleterious danger condition and also may be the cause for loss of limb. By understanding this grim condition, this paper proposes Fractional-Order Darwinian Particle Swarm Optimization (FO-DPSO) technique for analyzing foot ulcer 2D color images. This paper deals with standard image processing, i.e. efficient segmentation using FO-DPSO algorithm and extracting textural features using Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) technique. The whole effort projected results as accuracy of 91.2%, sensitivity of 100% and specificity as 96.7% for Naïve Bayes classifier and accuracy of 91.2%, sensitivity of 100% and sensitivity of 79.6% for Hoeffding tree classifier.
Analysis of stochastic fitzhugh–nagumo equation for wave propagation in a neuron arising in certain neurobiology models
Authors: Singh S. , Saha Ray S.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the numerical solution of stochastic FitzHugh–Nagumo equation (SFNE) has been obtained by Chebyshev spectral collocation. Semi-implicit Euler–Maruyama scheme has been used for temporal variable to discretize the stochastic FitzHugh–Nagumo equation. A detailed stability analysis for stochastic FitzHugh–Nagumo equation has also been discussed. Graphical representations of obtained results of the stochastic FitzHugh–Nagumo equation have been discussed to provide a clear idea about the behavior of the solutions.
Effect of doping polyethylene oxide on the properties of Nafion-IPMC actuators
Authors: Ru Jie , Zhao Dong , Wang Tong , Wang Yanjie , Chang Longfei
Published: April 2022

In order to improve the actuation stability and non-water working time (NWT) of ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs) in the air, polyethylene oxide (PEO) with superior water retention ability was firstly blended into the Nafion matrix to enhance the water uptake capacity of the corresponding IPMCs. The influences of molecular weight of PEO on the water uptake ration, ion exchange ability and micromorphology of PEO/Nafion membranes, and the electromechanical properties of IPMCs were investigated in detail. The results showed that the water uptake ration of the Nafion membranes and the working stability of the IPMCs in the air were greatly improved. The IPMC with 200k molecular weight of PEO exhibited the optimal deformation properties, the highest volumetric work density, and a prolonged NWT. In addition, the high content substitution of Nafion by PEO can reduce the preparation cost of IPMC to some extent. Thus, we hope that the developed PEO/Nafion-IPMCs can be promising candidates for actuation applications in the fields of bionic robotics, space explorations, and medical devices.
A Predictive Method to Improve the Effectiveness of Twitter Communication in a Cultural Heritage Scenario
Authors: Furini Marco , Mandreoli Federica , Martoglia Riccardo , Montangero Manuela
Published: April 2022

Museums are embracing social technologies in an attempt to broaden their audience and to engage people. Although social communication seems an easy task, media managers know how hard it is to reach millions of people with a simple message. Indeed, millions of posts are competing every day to get visibility in terms of likes and shares and very little research focused on museums communication to identify best practices. In this article, we focus on Twitter and we propose a novel method that exploits interpretable machine learning techniques to: (a) predict whether a tweet will likely be appreciated by Twitter users or not; (b) present simple suggestions that will help to enhance the message and increase the probability of its success. Using a real-world dataset of around 40,000 tweets written by 23 world famous museums, we show that our proposed method allows identifying tweet features that are more likely to influence the tweet success.
Computational Modeling and Analysis of Seljukid Muqarnas in Kayseri
Authors: Gokmen Sabri , Basık Altan , Aykın Yusuf , Alacam Sema
Published: April 2022

As a historical and ornamental building element, muqarnas are widely found among the entrances of madrasas, mosques, and hans in Anatolian Seljuk architecture. In Kayseri (Turkey), muqarnas structures are characterized by symmetrical distribution of patterned geometric layers that presents computational rules for the design and construction of these ornamental structures. The presented research focuses on 12 unique muqarnas structures that are analyzed through a computational methodology combining photogrammetry, three-dimensional modeling, symmetry, and graph theory. The computational analysis shows that Seljukid muqarnas exhibit patterned branching of the symmetry axis between layers radiating from their geometric center. Using the modeled samples, the article analyzes inherent symmetry rules and growth patterns while offering a novel way of studying, modeling, and categorizing muqarnas.
Ontology-Based Approach to Creating Semantic Wikis
Authors: Troncoso Alvaro R. Ortiz
Published: April 2022

Maintaining a semantic wiki is challenging. Coping with increasingly complex wikis led to the development of a methodical approach for simplifying the creation and maintenance of semantic wikis. The methodical approach used involves modeling the semantic relationships underlying the information in the wiki as an ontology, and then programmatically creating the wiki from the ontology constructs. A methodical approach for creating and maintaining wikis greatly simplifies the creation and maintenance of semantic wikis. Furthermore, reusing vocabularies and taxonomies throughout several projects becomes manageable. The approach was implemented as open source software that maps ontology constructs to the wiki artifacts, and practical applications are discussed.
From #MuseumAtHome to #AtHomeAtTheMuseum: Digital Museums and Dialogical Engagement Beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Morse Christopher , Landau Blandine , Lallemand Carine , Wieneke Lars , Koenig Vincent
Published: April 2022

The novel coronavirus spurred a keen interest in digital technologies for museums as both cultural professionals and the public took notice of their uses and limitations throughout the confinement period. In this study, we investigated the use of digital technologies by museums during a period when in-person interaction was not possible. The aim of the study was to better understand the impact of the confinement period on the use of museum technologies in order to identify implications for future museum experience design. We compared museums across four countries – France, Japan, Luxembourg, and the United States – by conducting an international survey in three languages on the use of digital technologies during the early phase of the pandemic. Additionally, we analyzed the Facebook activity of museums in each country and conducted a series of interviews with digital museology professionals in academia and the private sector. We found that despite a flurry of online activities, especially during the early phase of the pandemic, museums confronted a number of internal and external challenges that were often incongruent with their ability to offer new forms of digital engagement. In general, digital solutions served only as a temporary substitute for the museum experience rather than as an opportunity to usher in a new digital paradigm for cultural mediation, and many cultural professionals cited a lack of digital training as a limiting factor in robust ICT implementation. We also argue that the most successful digital engagement came from those activities that promoted a sense of community or an invitation for self-expression by visitors. We conclude with a framework that describes a ‘virtuous circle of museum participation’, aiming to support public engagement with museums through the development of content that builds on the interconnectedness of on-site and online interactivity.
Discounted Repeated Games Having Computable Strategies with No Computable Best Response under Subgame-Perfect Equilibria
Authors: Dargaj Jakub , Simonsen Jakob Grue
Published: April 2022

A classic result in computational game theory states that there are infinitely repeated games where one player has a computable strategy that has a best response, but no computable best response. For games with discounted payoff, the result is known to hold for a specific class of games—essentially generalizations of Prisoner’s Dilemma—but until now, no necessary and sufficient condition is known. To be of any value, the computable strategy having no computable best response must be part of a subgame-perfect equilibrium, as otherwise a rational, self-interested player would not play the strategy.

We give the first necessary and sufficient conditions for a two-player repeated game

\( G \)

to have such a computable strategy with no computable best response for all discount factors above some threshold. The conditions involve existence of a Nash equilibrium of the repeated game whose discounted payoffs satisfy certain conditions involving the min–max payoffs of the underlying stage game. We show that it is decidable in polynomial time in the size of the payoff matrix of

\( G \)

whether it satisfies these conditions.
Reports from ACM Multimedia 2019
Authors: Chen Hui , Chen Shizhe , Chen Yang , Duarte Amanda , Francesco Gelli , Hoàng Trung-Hiếu , Hsieh Chia-Wei , Kerr Michael , Kumar Saurabh , Luo Yadan , Park Kwanyong , Prajawal K. R. , Saleme Estêvão Bissoli , Semedo David , Wang Junbo , Wang Xin , Yuan Yitian , Zhao Zhengyu
Published: April 2022

The annual ACM Multimedia Conference was held in Nice, France during October 21st to 25th, 2019. Being the 27th of its series, it attracted approximately 800 participants from all over the World. Among them were the student volunteers who supported the smooth organization of the Conference.
MPEG column: 128th MPEG meeting in Geneva, Switzerland
Authors: Timmerer Christian
Published: April 2022

The 128th MPEG meeting concluded on October 11, 2019 in Geneva, Switzerland with the following topics:

•Low Complexity Enhancement Video Coding (LCEVC) Promoted to Committee Draft

•2nd Edition of Omnidirectional Media Format (OMAF) has reached the first milestone

•Genomic Information Representation --- Part 4 Reference Software and Part 5 Conformance Promoted to Draft International Standard

The corresponding press release of the 128th MPEG meeting can be found here: https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/meetings/128. In this report we will focus on video coding aspects (i.e., LCEVC) and immersive media applications (i.e., OMAF). At the end, we will provide an update related to adaptive streaming (i.e., DASH and CMAF).
Concealed Cathode Degradation in Lithium-Ion Cells with a Ni-Rich Oxide
Authors: Rodrigues Marco-Tulio F. , Gim Jihyeon , Tornheim Adam , Kahvecioglu Ozgenur , Luo Mei , Prado Andressa Y. R. , Trask Stephen E. , Croy Jason , Abraham Daniel P.
Published: April 2022

Difficulties with sourcing cobalt and the interest in increasing cell energy have motivated the development of Ni-rich oxide materials for lithium-ion battery cathodes. Despite the intense research on the topic, there is limited information available on the long-term performance of novel cathode formulations. Here, we evaluate the stability of LiNi0.9Mn0.05Co0.05O2 in full-cells tested for over five months, assessing how cycling, voltage and electrolyte additives impact cathode aging. We use differential voltage analysis to extract insights about the cathode from the full-cell data and identify the isolation of cathode particles in the delithiated (charged) state as a relevant mode of aging. Importantly, this particular mechanism of cathode aging does not cause immediate cell capacity fade, causing the simple analysis of cell capacity retention to overestimate the cathode stability under the investigated conditions. Our observations serve as cautionary tale indicating that careful analysis of data from extended testing may be required for assessing the performance of Ni-rich cathodes and for evaluating how these materials are affected by electrolyte additives.
Top-Contact Pentacene-Based Organic Thin Film Transistor with a Rubrene Layer in between Pentacene-Electrode Interface
Authors: Borthakur Tribeni , Sarma Ranjit
Published: April 2022

Top-contact pentacene-based organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) with a rubrene interlayer in between pentacene-electrode [Al, Au] interface is reported. A study of the interlayer behavior of rubrene shows enhanced device performance of OTFT than that of the conventional OTFTs with only metal source-drain electrodes [Al, Au]. The improved performances of the device are attributed to the smoother pentacene surface for high carrier injection and mobility and decrease in contact resistance of the device. The device with a rubrene interlayer in between pentacene/Au interface shows better field-effect mobility of 3.3 cm2 v−1 s−1, On/Off ratio of 1.22 × 107, the threshold voltage of −3.8 V, and sub-threshold-slope of 0.31 V decade−1 respectively.
An Uncommon Presentation of Carcinosarcoma of the Stomach and a Minimally Invasive Approach for Treatment
Authors: Calikyan Anoush , Boto Agedi N. , Klymenko Valeriia , Siddiqui Imran M.
Published: April 2022

Carcinosarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm that is composed of both epithelial and mesenchymal tumor components. Gastric carcinosarcoma is even more rare and is often diagnosed at a late stage. In this report, we investigate a case of early gastric carcinosarcoma with regional lymph node metastasis in a 78-year-old woman. The patient underwent partial gastrectomy, lymphadenectomy, and splenectomy. The tumor was confined to the gastric submucosa, and a biopsy specimen led to a histological diagnosis of carcinosarcoma with adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma components. Metastasis was present in one lymph node and displayed osteosarcomatous differentiation. Vigilant monitoring for recurrence and metastatic disease will be required for this patient.
A Text Detection and Recognition Algorithm for English Teaching Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Luo Xia , Zhu Huiyang
Published: April 2022

Traditional English teaching cannot make effective use of various resources, and the scheduling ability is poor. People cannot accurately obtain the information in the English textbook text in the learning process, resulting in some people who cannot better learn and master the English language. For this problem, this study adopts deep learning algorithm and establishes an English teaching text algorithm based on association semantic rules to mine the features between sentences and phrases in the text provided by English teachers. The proposed algorithm completes the feature extraction of the English teaching text and also analyzes the association analysis between semantics in English teaching text. In fact, its essence is to get English teaching association rules on the basis of information theory. By combining with semantic similarity information, English teaching text can be accurately detected and identified. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can accurately extract English teaching text information, and the accuracy and convergence speed during extraction are higher than other competing algorithms.
The Impact of Diabetes on Vascular Disease: Progress from the Perspective of Epidemics and Treatments
Authors: Liu Runyang , Li Lihua , Shao Chen , Cai Honghua , Wang Zhongqun
Published: April 2022

At present, the global incidence of diabetes has increased in countries with large populations, and the changes in developing regions are particularly worthy of attention. In the past 40 years or so, the income situation in China, India, and other countries has exploded, leading to changes in the way of life and work as well as an increase in the prevalence of diabetes. Metabolic disorders caused by diabetes can lead to secondary vascular complications, which have long-term malignant effects on the heart, kidneys, brain, and other vital organs of patients. Adequate primary prevention measures are needed to reduce the incidence of diabetic vascular complications, and more attention should be given to treatment after the disease. To this end, it is necessary to determine a standardized drug and physical therapy system and to build a more efficient and low-cost chronic disease management system.
Determination of Senegenin and Tenuifolin in Mouse Blood by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Their Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Shen Xiuwei , Dai Xiangyi , He Yifan , Wen Congcong , Zhang Qingwei
Published: April 2022

An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of senegenin and tenuifolin in mouse blood was developed. The pharmacokinetics of senegenin and tenuifolin in mice after intravenous (5 mg/kg) and oral (60 mg/kg) administration were studied, and the absolute bioavailability was calculated. A CORTECS T3 column was used, with a column temperature set at 40°C. The mobile phase was acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid. Gradient elution was adopted, using a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min and an elution time of 4 min. Quantitative analysis was performed using electrospray ionization (ESI) with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in negative ion mode. Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were bled from the tail vein after intravenous or oral administration of senegenin and tenuifolin. A UPLC-MS/MS method was established to determine the blood concentrations of each drug in mice, and the noncompartmental model was used to fit the pharmacokinetic parameters. Senegenin and tenuifolin showed a good linear relationship (r > 0.995) within a concentration range of 5–400 ng/mL in mouse blood. The intraday precision was <12%, the interday precision was <14%, and the accuracy was 87–109%. The recovery was >88%, and the matrix effect was 87–94%. The oral bioavailability of senegenin and tenuifolin in mice was 8.7% and 4.0%, respectively. The established UPLC-MS/MS method is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies of senegenin and tenuifolin in mice.
A Secure Communication and Access Control Scheme for Native Libraries of Android Applications
Authors: Liu Pengju , Peng Guojun , Fang Jing
Published: April 2022

The Android system cannot perform fine-grained permission management for TPLs (third-party libraries) in applications. TPLs can use all permissions of the host application, which poses a threat to users and system security. In order to solve this problem, this paper studies the underlying principles of multiple modules in the framework and kernel layers of the Android system. We construct a fine-grained access control scheme for native libraries through technologies such as isolation environment creation, remote function call, and dynamic permission management. We also implement the prototype system. The experimental results show that our proposed scheme can effectively assist developers in managing the permissions of the native libraries in a fine-grained manner and curb the suspicious privileged behaviors of the native libraries. Meanwhile, our proposed scheme is adaptable for high-version Android systems with reasonable overhead, and it will not break the current Android security mechanisms.
Research Progress on the Cardiovascular Protective Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists
Authors: Song Rui , Qian Hang , Wang Yunlian , Li Qingmei , Li Dongfeng , Chen Jishun , Yang Jingning , Zhong Jixin , Yang Handong , Min Xinwen , Xu Hao , Yang Yong , Chen Jun
Published: April 2022

The risk of cardiovascular diseases is closely related to diabetes. Macrovascular disease is the main cause of death and disability in patients with type 2 diabetes. In recent years, the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), a new type of hypoglycemic drug, has been shown to regulate blood sugar levels, improve myocardial ischemia, regulate lipid metabolism, improve endothelial function, and exert a protective role in the cardiovascular system. This study reviewed the protective effects of GLP-1RA on the cardiovascular system.
Research on Urban National Sports Fitness Demand Prediction Method Based on Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Yue Wei , Dai Peng
Published: April 2022

With the development of competitive sports, the enthusiasm of the public to participate in sports has gradually increased. At present, almost all streets in the city have their own fitness places, which provide a lot of help for public fitness. However, the existing fitness venues are obviously insufficient, the venues are limited, relatively single, and the open-space area is insufficient, which cannot meet the needs of mass sports fitness. Based on this, this paper studies and analyzes the prediction of urban national sports fitness demand based on the ant colony algorithm. First, this paper analyzes the National Fitness Situation and the related research on demand forecasting and puts forward the use of the ant colony algorithm to realize demand forecasting. This paper expounds on the research methods and algorithms commonly used in demand forecasting. The ant colony algorithm is used to improve the fuzzy analysis. The urban national sports fitness demand is divided into six secondary indicators, and different tertiary indicators are divided under each secondary indicator. Through simulation analysis, it is confirmed that the improved algorithm proposed in this paper converges faster and finds the best path most. At the same time, the weight of the urban national sports fitness demand index is calculated.
Empirical Analysis of Supplier Inefficient Investment at Customer Risks Based on Supply Chain Data
Authors: Bao Qun , Mao Ya-Nan , Xie Rui , Xu Li-Jun
Published: April 2022

As for whether the customer risk leads to the inefficient investment of suppliers, 776 suppliers and customers of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares from 2007 to 2017 are chosen as the supply chain data of listed companies, the relationship between customer risk and supplier enterprise investment efficiency is studied by manual sorting, and the moderating effect of the nature of supply chain relationship on customer risk and enterprise investment efficiency is taken into account. According to the research, the customer risk will reduce the investment efficiency of supplier enterprises, which is manifested as underinvestment. Based on further research, the relationship is more significant in supplier enterprises with a higher customer concentration and state-owned enterprises that are customers and suppliers. The research of this paper enriches the relevant literature on investment efficiency and the relationship between customer and supplier, provides a new perspective for studying investment efficiency and the empirical evidence for risk prevention behavior among enterprises, and has important practical significance for supplier enterprises to choose core customers and manage customer relations.
Importance of Gedunin in Antagonizing Rheumatoid Arthritis via Activating the Nrf2/ARE Signaling
Authors: Chen Jian-Yu , Tian Xiao-Yun , Liu Wen-Jing , Wu Bao-Kun , Wu Yue-Chan , Zhu Ming-Xing , Jin-Liu  , Zhou Xian , Zheng Yan-Fang , Ma Xue-Qin , Huang Ming-Qing
Published: April 2022

Objective. This study assessed the anti-arthritic effect and protection of Gedunin (GDN) on joint tissues and revealed the possible mechanism in suppressing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. LPS-induced macrophages and TNF-α-stimulated synovial fibroblasts (MH7A) or IL-1β-stimulated primary rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) were used to evaluate the antiinflammatory effect of GDN. In addition, CIA-induced arthritis was employed here to evaluate the anti-arthritic effect. MTT and BRDU assays were utilized to evaluate the cell viability and proliferation, Q-PCR was conducted to detect the mRNA expression of cytokines, FACS was adopted to monitor ROS production, while western blotting (WB) and siRNA interference were applied in confirming the anti-arthritic effects of GDN via the Nrf2 signaling. Results. In vitro, cell viability was inhibited in macrophages and MH7A cells, but not in RASFs; but the proliferation of RASFs was significantly suppressed in time- and dose-dependent manners. GDN suppressed cytokine levels in LPS-stimulated macrophages and TNF-α-stimulated MH7A cells or RASFs. GDN suppressed ROS expression. Furthermore, GDN treatment notably dose-dependently decreased the mRNA and protein expression of iNOS in LPS-induced macrophages. sip62 interference results showed that GDN cause the less expression of HO-1 and Keap1 and also fail to inhibit cytokines after sip62 interference. In vivo, GDN effectively inhibited paw swelling, arthritis score, and arthritis incidence and cytokines. Conclusions. Our study suggested that GDN exhibited strong antagonistic effect on arthritis both in vitro and in vivo via activation of Nrf2 signaling. Our work will provide a promising therapeutic strategy for RA.
Simulation of Logistics Delay in Bayesian Network Control Based on Genetic EM Algorithm
Authors: Qiao Pengliang
Published: April 2022

With the continuous development of e-commerce, the logistics industry is thriving, and logistics delays have become an issue that deserves more and more attention. Genetic EM algorithm is a genetic EM algorithm that is an iterative optimization strategy algorithm that can be used to solve the high-quality algorithm of travel problems with many nodes. Bayesian network (BN) is a network model based on probabilistic uncertainty. This article aims to study the probability of many factors that cause logistics delays to construct an algorithm model to control or reduce logistics delays. This paper constructs an EY model (That is the abbreviation of BN model based on genetic EM algorithm) based on the genetic EM algorithm, and conducts related simulation experiments based on the model to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the model. The experimental results of this paper show that the calculation efficiency of the EY model is significantly improved, and the actuarial accuracy is as high as 98%, which can effectively control logistics delays.
Simultaneous Determination of Content and Antioxidant Activity of Five Components in Hibiscus mutabilis L by HPLC-QAMS
Authors: Xu Yang , Yue Xianwen , Wang Yuejie , Yang Huailei , Di Kexin , Bao Huiwei
Published: April 2022

Based on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a method for simultaneous determination of five active components in Hibiscus mutabilis L was established by quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single marker (QAMS). This method was used to evaluate the quality of Hibiscus mutabilis L. In the study, quercetin was used as the internal standard, and the relative correction factors (RCF) of rutin, protocatechuic acid, catechin, and luteolin were calculated, and the contents of five components were determined simultaneously by quercetin. Compared with the traditional external standard method (ESM), this method had less error and higher feasibility, and the methodological experiments showed that the five components had a great linear relationship within their respective concentration ranges (

r
≥
0.9995

). The average recovery was 96.97%-98.85% (RSD was 0.88%-1.81%), precision (

RSD
≦
1.83
%

), repeatability (

RSD
≦
1.87
%

), and stability (

RSD
≦
1.51
%

) were great. In this experiment, the contents of these five active components in Hibiscus mutabilis L from five producing areas were determined. Finally, the antioxidant capacity of Hibiscus mutabilis L was determined to determine its antioxidant activity.
Rab13 Sustains Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Supporting Tumor–Stroma Cross-talk
Authors: Wang Hui , Xu Haibo , Chen Wei , Cheng Mei , Zou Li , Yang Qin , Chan Chi Bun , Zhu Hao , Chen Ceshi , Nie Jianyun , Jiao Baowei
Published: April 2022

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are supported by the tumor microenvironment, and non-CSCs can regain CSC phenotypes in certain niches, leading to limited clinical benefits of CSC-targeted therapy. A better understanding of the mechanisms governing the orchestration of the CSC niche could help improve the therapeutic targeting of CSCs. Here, we report that Rab13, a small GTPase, is highly expressed in breast CSCs (BCSC). Rab13 depletion suppressed breast cancer cell stemness, tumorigenesis, and chemoresistance by reducing tumor-stroma cross-talk. Accordingly, Rab13 controlled the membrane translocation of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 1/2 (CXCR1/2), allowing tumor cells to interact with tumor-associated macrophages and cancer-associated fibroblasts to establish a supportive BCSC niche. Targeting the Rab13-mediated BCSC niche with bardoxolone-methyl (C-28 methyl ester of 2-cyano-3, 12-dioxoolen-1, 9-dien-28-oic acid; CDDO-Me) prevented BCSC stemness in vitro and in vivo. These findings highlight the novel regulatory mechanism of Rab13 in BCSC, with important implications for the development of therapeutic strategies for disrupting the BCSC niche.

Significance:

Targeting Rab13 perturbs formation of the breast cancer stem cell niche by inhibiting cross-talk between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment, providing a therapeutic opportunity for niche-targeted breast cancer treatment.
Aberrant Nuclear Export of circNCOR1 Underlies SMAD7-Mediated Lymph Node Metastasis of Bladder Cancer
Authors: An Mingjie , Zheng Hanhao , Huang Jian , Lin Yan , Luo Yuming , Kong Yao , Pang Mingrui , Zhang Dingwen , Yang Jiabin , Chen Jiancheng , Li Yuanlong , Chen Changhao , Lin Tianxin
Published: April 2022

Circular RNAs (circRNA) containing retained introns are normally sequestered in the nucleus. Dysregulation of cellular homeostasis can drive their nuclear export, which may be involved in cancer metastasis. However, the mechanism underlying circRNA nuclear export and its role in lymph node (LN) metastasis of bladder cancer remain unclear. Here, we identify an intron-retained circRNA, circNCOR1, that is significantly downregulated in LN metastatic bladder cancer and is negatively associated with poor prognosis of patients. Overexpression of circNCOR1 inhibited lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. Nuclear circNCOR1 epigenetically promoted SMAD7 transcription by increasing heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNPL)–induced H3K9 acetylation in the SMAD7 promoter, leading to inhibition of the TGFβ-SMAD signaling pathway. Nuclear retention of circNCOR1 was regulated by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)ylation of DDX39B, an essential regulatory factor responsible for circRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic transport. Reduced SUMO2 binding to DDX39B markedly increased circNCOR1 retention in the nucleus to suppress bladder cancer LN metastasis. By contrast, SUMOylated DDX39B activated nuclear export of circNCOR1, impairing the suppressive role of circNCOR1 on TGFβ-SMAD cascade activation and bladder cancer LN metastasis. In patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, overexpression of circNCOR1 and inhibition of TGFβ signaling significantly repressed tumor growth and LN metastasis. This study highlights SUMOylation-induced nuclear export of circNCOR1 as a key event regulating TGFβ-SMAD signaling and bladder cancer lymphangiogenesis, thus supporting circNCOR1 as a novel therapeutic agent for patients with LN metastatic bladder cancer.

Significance:

This study identifies the novel intron-retained circNCOR1 and elucidates a SUMOylation-mediated DDX39B–circNCOR1–SMAD7 axis that regulates lymph node metastasis of bladder cancer.