bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COOPERATIVE LEARNING:benefits and challenges according to the English teacher
Authors: Hermawan Heri , Syahrul  , Ibnumal
Published: January 2025

Cooperative learning fosters collaborative environments where students actively engage with their peers, promoting mutual support and shared responsibility in achieving learning objectives. The objectives of this research are formulated to identify the benefits and challenges of the implementation of cooperative learning in SMAN 16 Pangkep according to the English teacher. A case study research methodology was used in the study. A case study is a technique that allows one to fully understand a topic or event in a real-world setting. It is a popular study approach in many different fields. A case study is a thorough examination of a person, group, or society in which the researcher looks at a lot of information on a lot of different things. Although not always, case study data are typically in a qualitative style. The effectiveness of a teaching method is contingent upon various factors, including the specific context, learning objectives, and the preferences of both teachers and students. While cooperative learning has demonstrated efficacy in numerous scenarios, it is recognized that alternative methods may also be suitable depending on the unique needs and characteristics of the class. This highlights the value of educators being open to exploring and adapting different instructional strategies to best meet the requirements of their students.
Ordenar en el Derecho Penal Internacional y sus implicaciones para la política criminal
Authors: Dondé Matute Javier
Published: January 2025

La forma de intervención ordenar es propia del derecho penal internacional y no tiene un correlativo exacto en el nacional. Aunque hay figuras que se utilizan como equivalentes, no representan las relaciones de autoridad y la comisión de crímenes internacionales y violaciones a los derechos humanos cometidos de forma sistemática. Este artículo propone una revisión de la regulación e interpretación de los elementos constitutivos de ordenar en el Estatuto de la CPI, y destaca su importancia para la política criminal nacional y las obligaciones de investigar, procesar y, eventualmente, sancionar.
Sharia Review of Online Sale and Purchase of Gold on Antam Website
Authors: Hidayat Roni
Published: January 2025

Presently, people are increasingly interested in investing in gold, a stable financial instrument purchased at Antam. This secured and efficient website provides online gold sale and purchase services to the public, with delivery through boutiques and couriers. However, the transaction method compliance questions with Sharia principles because gold is delivered several days after payment, which has the potential to conflict with the concept of Yadan bi Yadin. This research aims to analyze whether online gold sale and purchase on Antam website is in accordance with the concept of Fiqh Muamalah and Maqashid Sharia. Data were collected from preliminary sales and analyzed using the content method. The result showed that online gold sale and purchase at Antam, does not conflict with the principle of Yadan bi Yadin, because non-cash is permitted, provided gold is not used as an official means of exchange (money) and the transaction meets the pillars and conditions of Salam sale and purchase. Based on the perspective of Maqashid Sharia, this service fulfills the objectives of Sharia. In conclusion, the practice of sale and purchase gold online on the official Antam website is in accordance with Sharia.
Reinforcement of Transdural Angiogenesis: A Novel Approach to Treating Ischemic Stroke With Cerebral Perfusion Impairment
Authors: Hong Ji Man , Shin Hee Sun
Published: January 2025

Cerebral hypoperfusion plays a critical role in early neurological deterioration and long-term outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke, which remains a major global health challenge. This review explored transdural angiogenesis as a promising therapeutic strategy to restore cerebral perfusion in patients with ischemic stroke. The multiple burr hole procedure has been preliminarily used as an indirect revascularization method to induce transdural arteriogenesis. Theoretically, its efficacy could be enhanced by combining it with angiogenic boosters, such as erythropoietin. Recent clinical and preclinical studies have revealed that this combination therapy promotes angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, leading to successful revascularization across the dura mater and improved cerebral blood flow. This strategy may be particularly beneficial for high-risk patients with recurrent ischemic events, such as those with moyamoya disease or intracranial arterial occlusion, representing an effective strategy when conventional medical treatments are insufficient. This review highlights the potential of transdural angiogenesis enhancement as a novel intervention for ischemic stroke, offering an alternative to thrombolysis or endovascular treatment, particularly in acute stroke patients with impaired cerebral perfusion. This approach has the potential to bridge the treatment gap for patients outside the therapeutic window for acute stroke interventions. Although further research is required to refine this technique and validate its efficacy in broader clinical settings, early results have revealed promising outcomes at reducing stroke-related complications and improving patient prognosis. This review indicates that this novel strategy may offer hope for managing ischemic stroke and related conditions associated with significant cerebral hypoperfusion.
Endovascular Treatment for Acute Posterior Circulation Tandem Lesions: Insights From the BASILAR and PERSIST Registries
Authors: Li Wei , Doheim Mohamed F. , Qiu Zhongming , Wang Tan , Chen Zhibin , Zi Wenjie , Yang Qingwu , Guan Haitao , Qiao Hongyu , Liu Wenhua , Hu Wei , Liu Xinfeng , Huang Jinbo , Han Zhongkui , Chen Zhonglun , Zhao Zhenqiang , Sun Wen , Nogueira Raul G.
Published: January 2025

Background and Purpose Limited evidence exists on the effectiveness of endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute posterior circulation tandem lesion (PCTL). This study aimed to explore the role of extracranial vertebral artery (VA) stenting in patients with PCTL stroke undergoing EVT.Methods Individual patient data were pooled from the BASILAR (EVT for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Study) and PERSIST (Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke) registries. Patients with PCTLs who underwent EVT were included in the present cohort and divided into the stenting and nonstenting groups based on the placement of extracranial VA stents. The primary efficacy outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 90 days and 1 year. Safety outcomes included 24-hour symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and all-cause mortality at 90 days and 1 year post-surgery.Results A combined dataset of 1,320 patients with posterior circulation artery occlusion, including 263 (19.9%) with tandem lesions, of whom 217 (median age, 65 years; 82.9% male) met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. The stenting group had 84 (38.7%) patients, while the non-stenting group had 133 (61.3%). After adjustment for the potential confounders, extracranial VA stenting was associated with favorable shifts in mRS scores at both 90 days (adjusted common odds ratio [OR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–4.28; P<0.01) and 1 year (adjusted OR [aOR], 2.04; 95% CI [1.05–3.97]; P=0.04), along with lower rate of mortality at both 90 days (aOR, 0.45; 95% CI [0.21–0.93]; P=0.01) and 1 year (aOR, 0.36; 95% CI [0.16–0.79]; P=0.01), with no significant difference in sICH incidence (aOR, 0.35; 95% CI [0.06–1.98]; P=0.24).Conclusion Extracranial VA stenting during EVT may improve functional outcomes and reduce mortality in patients with PCTL strokes.
Predictive Modeling of Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage Following Endovascular Thrombectomy: Insights From the Nationwide TREAT-AIS Registry
Authors: Chen Jia-Hung , Su I-Chang , Lu Yueh-Hsun , Hsieh Yi-Chen , Chen Chih-Hao , Lin Chun-Jen , Chen Yu-Wei , Lin Kuan-Hung , Sung Pi-Shan , Tang Chih-Wei , Chu Hai-Jui , Fu Chuan-Hsiu , Chou Chao-Liang , Wei Cheng-Yu , Yan Shang-Yih , Chen Po-Lin , Yeh Hsu-Ling , Sung Sheng-Feng , Liu Hon-Man , Lin Ching-Huang , Lee Meng , Tang Sung-Chun , Lee I-Hui , Chan Lung , Lien Li-Ming , Chiou Hung-Yi , Lee Jiunn-Tay , Jeng Jiann-Shing ,   on Behalf of the Nationwide TREAT-AIS Investigators
Published: January 2025

Background and Purpose Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a severe complication associated with adverse functional outcomes and increased mortality rates. Currently, a reliable predictive model for sICH risk after EVT is lacking.Methods This study used data from patients aged ≥20 years who underwent EVT for anterior circulation stroke from the nationwide Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREAT-AIS). A predictive model including factors associated with an increased risk of sICH after EVT was developed to differentiate between patients with and without sICH. This model was compared existing predictive models using nationwide registry data to evaluate its relative performance.Results Of the 2,507 identified patients, 158 developed sICH after EVT. Factors such as diastolic blood pressure, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, platelet count, glucose level, collateral score, and successful reperfusion were associated with the risk of sICH after EVT. The TREAT-AIS score demonstrated acceptable predictive accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]=0.694), with higher scores being associated with an increased risk of sICH (odds ratio=2.01 per score increase, 95% confidence interval=1.64–2.45, P<0.001). The discriminatory capacity of the score was similar in patients with symptom onset beyond 6 hours (AUC=0.705). Compared to existing models, the TREAT-AIS score consistently exhibited superior predictive accuracy, although this difference was marginal.Conclusions The TREAT-AIS score outperformed existing models, and demonstrated an acceptable discriminatory capacity for distinguishing patients according to sICH risk levels. However, the differences between models were only marginal. Further research incorporating periprocedural and postprocedural factors is required to improve the predictive accuracy.
Digital Financial Literacy Training for MSME Operators in Tapak Gedung Village Kabawetan District Kepahiang Regency
Authors: Fitranita Vika , Sriwidharmanely Sriwidharmanely , Hatta Madani , Suniga John Paul C.
Published: January 2025

This activity aims to improve digital financial literacy in MSMEs in Tapak Gedung Village through training and mentoring programs. This activity is motivated by the low level of digital financial literacy in Indonesia, especially for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The 2022 National Survey on Financial Literacy and Inclusion (SNLIK) conducted by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) shows that financial literacy in Indonesia has only reached 49.68%, while financial inclusion is at 85.10%. This gap indicates that although many people have access to digital financial services, their understanding is still limited, making them vulnerable to illegal investments and online scams. The methods used in this activity include socializing the importance of digital finance, providing hands-on training on using financial applications such as Paper.id and providing ongoing mentoring to support implementation. An evaluation was conducted after the training to measure participants' understanding and application of the knowledge gained. The results showed that participants showed an increased understanding in using digital financial applications, especially in recording transactions, managing cash flow, and real-time financial reporting. In addition, MSME players also began to realize the importance of investing in legal financial institutions registered and supervised by OJK. In conclusion, digital financial literacy training has a positive impact on the financial management skills of MSMEs. With increased knowledge, small business owners can manage their businesses with more confidence, improve competitiveness, and navigate the challenges of the digital economy more effectively.
Development of Android-Based Interactive Learning Media with SAC Integrated PBL Model on Temperature and Heat Materials
Authors: Miranda Agustina , Nanda Nanda Novita , Tulus Tulus Setiawan , Syafrizal Syafrizal , Widya Widya
Published: January 2025

This study aims to develop interactive learning media based on android integrated with PBL model to improve students' critical thinking skills. Interactive learning media based on android developed with SAC based on PBL model is one type of interactive multimedia teaching material containing images, texts, and videos that are systematically arranged according to PBL model syntax which is useful for improving students' critical thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and benefits of using interactive learning media products based on android as a tool to help students of class XI SMA N 2 Lhokseumawe in studying temperature and heat material. The ADDIE paradigm is used in this development research to refer to the research and development (R&D) approach. The subjects of the study were physics teachers and students of SMA N 2 Lhokseumawe. The results of the study are as follows: 1) Media validation obtained a percentage of 82.5% with the category "Very Feasible", then validation by material experts obtained a percentage of 81.67% with the category "Very Feasible". 2) As many as 87.54% of students' answers (small scale) fell into the category "Very Practical". 3) The teacher's answer obtained a percentage of 98.32% in the "Very Practical" category, while the large-scale student answers obtained a percentage of 86.7% in the same category. This proves that the media developed by the researcher is declared feasible and practical to be used as teaching materials in the learning process.
Hubungan Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik dengan Ketebalan Lemak Viseral pada Usia Remaja
Authors: P. Harsuno Nalendra , I. S. Wungouw Herlina , Poli Hedison
Published: January 2025

Accumulation of visceral fat can become a health issue for instance central obesity. Globally, it has reached milestone of >890 million cases and is expected to continue increasing. Meanwhile, physical activity is considered to have a significant impact on body weight, especially during adolescence. With technological and transportation advancements, people tend to engage in less physical activity and adopt a sedentary lifestyle. As proven by Indonesia Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 there are 50,4% of adolescents aged 15-19 years out of 67.140 study participants were categorized with low physical activity levels. This study aimed to determine a relationship between physical activity level and visceral fat thickness in adolescents. This study used analytic observational study with cross-sectional approach. Data collection was conducted through primary means using questionnaire for physical activity and ultrasonography (USG) for visceral fat thickness. Samples were selected with purposive sampling, with 87 respondents matching the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on collected data, the level of physical activity among respondents was predominantly in heavy category, with 54 participants (62,1%). The mean value of visceral fat thickness was (6.52 ± 2.27). Statistical analysis showed a p-value = 0,335 (p> 0,05) and r = -0,105 using Pearson’s correlation test. There is no significant relationship between physical activity level and visceral fat thickness in adolescents.
Exploring Emerging Trends of E-Commerce and Digital Payment Systems: An analytical study among Undergraduate and Postgraduate Students in Bilaspur City of Chhattisgarh
Authors:   Professor & Head, Department of Commerce, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Venkatraman Bhuvana , Jain Harsh ,   Research Scholar, Department of Commerce, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the findings of a study delving into the perspectives and trends surrounding E-Commerce and Digital Payment Systems within Bilaspur City of Chhattisgarh. Utilizing primary data collected through offline questionnaires administered to 31 participants, predominantly consisting of undergraduate and postgraduate students, the study tries to illuminate diverse facets of E-Commerce and Digital Payment Systems. Through descriptive analysis, the study unveils emergent trends and identifies potential avenues for enhancing adoption of these systems. Insights gleaned from participant responses in this study, provide a deeper understanding of the evolving landscape of E-Commerce and Digital transactions. Key outcomes of study, sheds light on prevalent trends and challenges encountered by consumers, thereby furnishing actionable recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders to bolster Digital payment adoption. In essence, this study furnishes valuable insights into the contemporary state of E-Commerce and Digital Payments in the specified locale, laying a robust foundation for subsequent research and initiatives aimed at fostering Digital financial inclusion and catalyzing economic advancement.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Its Impact on Brand Equity
Authors:   Professor, Department of Commerce, NIILM University, Kaithal, Haryana India, Mehta Simran
Published: January 2025

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged as a critical element in shaping the perception of businesses. This research explores the relationship between CSR initiatives and brand equity, emphasizing how socially responsible practices influence brand reputation, customer loyalty, and overall market performance. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative analyses to provide a comprehensive understanding of CSR’s impact on brand equity. Key findings reveal that CSR significantly enhances brand equity, particularly through improved brand awareness, customer trust, and emotional connection.
CONSTRUCTAL LAW AND MEDICINE CRISES IN ROMANIA
Authors: SCURTU MIRCEA
Published: January 2025

The document discusses the application of Constructal Law and Optimal Global Pricing technology to resolve the medicine crises in low and high-priced markets, focusing on the case of Romania.
INFORMATIONAL PERSPECTIVE ON RAMIFICATIONS IN CONSTRUCTAL DESIGN
Authors: PANÃO MIGUEL R. OLIVEIRA
Published: January 2025

What insights can informational analysis provide regarding the ramifications predicted by constructal design? The first step in answering this research question is to consider symmetric and asymmetric flow architectures. In the symmetric case, radial multi-branching shows diminishing returns of diversity (measured by the system’s informature) in line with high thermofluid performance. In asymmetric flow architectures, assuming an evolution toward maximum complexity (as defined in information theory), patterns emerge like sap distribution in leaves.
THE EUKARYOTE ENDOSYMBIOTIC ORIGIN: A CONSTRUCTAL THEORY-BASED EXPLANATION
Authors: KAVA VANESSA , COEHLO VARGAS JOSÉ VIRIATO , ORDONEZ JUAN , MARIANO ANDRÉ
Published: January 2025

The origin of eukaryotes is understood as one of the most important issues in the history of living beings. There are several points of view to seek a broad understanding of the eukaryote origins, which encompass paleontological data, energetics, eukaryote-particular characteristics origins or the connections among dissimilar eukaryotic groups. Many proposals of endosymbiotic theory have been presented to explain the origin of eukaryotes and their mitochondria. Only recently, energy and the energetic constraints started to be considered by endosymbiotic theory to understand the contribution of prokaryotic cell organization to cell history, acknowledging that only cells that possessed mitochondria had the bioenergetic assets to achieve eukaryotic cell complexity, which explains why no in between beings existed in the prokaryote-to-eukaryote transition. This study attempts to approach the eukaryote origins from the standpoint of constructal theory, i.e., “For a flow system to persist in time (to survive), it must evolve in such a way that it provides easier and easier access to the currents that flow through it.” Therefore, the explanation is based on the direction of evolution in time, in which it has been introduced the thought that system structure should morph freely towards the optimal architecture and flow organization that minimize resistances to the internal flows (exergy losses) that are required for the system existence, which is proposed as the origin of eukaryotes, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and for the origin of the eukaryotic nucleus.
Some Considerations Regarding the Prehistoric Habitat in Interdependence with Geomorphological and Climatic Elements in Oltenia (I)
Authors:   Institutul de Cercetări Socio-Umane din Craiova „C.S. Nicolăescu-Plopșor”, LAZĂR Simona , CEAUȘESCU Anca ,   Institutul de Cercetări Socio-Umane din Craiova „C.S. Nicolăescu-Plopșor”
Published: January 2025

The peculiarities of the natural setting, together with the social-historical conditions inherent in the territory between the Carpathians and the Danube, played an important role in the process of appearance and evolution of the human settlements in this geographical area.
Human settlements can be found most often on the rivers, near the sources of drinking water, especially on the lower or middle terraces, where there were favorable conditions for cereal cultivation. They provided drinking water and an important source of food, fish, but also a great communication opportunity. Neolithic settlements have been identified in river beds, in flood-free areas, on the edges of terraces, on low terraces, on the Danube islands, on the edge of lakes, in caves or in shelters under the rock.
The archaeological documentation allows us to observe in the Bronze Age and the Iron Age that, in parallel with the existence of a “scattered” habitat, similar to the communities that used grazing to make a living, there are also some reinforced settlements which, with the proliferation of customs, shows the existence of leaders who were interested in affirming and maintaining social prestige.
Contributions to the Archaeological Repertoire of Olt County, Dobrosloveni Commune
Authors:   Spiru Haret University Bucharest/ Faculty of History, University of Bucharest/ Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Craiova, NEGRU Mircea
Published: January 2025

As a result of the diagnostic researches, a number of 12 archaeological sites were identified and delimited, of which 5 on the territory of the village of Dobrosloveni, 4 on the territory of the village of Frăsinet, 2 on the territory of the village of Potopin, and one on the territory of the village of Reşca. They are located on the terraces of the three streams that cross these localities: Teslui, Frăsinet and Potopin. They belong to the Neolithic, the period of transition to the Bronze Age, the Bronze Age, the late period of the Iron Age, the Roman era, the post-Roman era and to the 6th–7th centuries.
Human Communities in Vâlcea Voicești Commune – Identity Landmarks
Authors:   Manager/Researcher at the Center for Historical Research “Pr. Dumitru Bălașa” of the National Association of Heroes’ Cult “Regina Maria”, PETRESCU Eugen
Published: January 2025

This article is a micromonography of Voicești commune, Vâlcea county and covers in its structure a data series on the natural landscape (location, relief, climate, soil, hydrographic network, flora and fauna), the history, demographic development and administrative territorial organization over time, economic life and community growth, education, culture, religious life, health sports, tourism and local personalities.
Human forearm rehabilitation and monitoring systems
Authors:   University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Romania, COMANESCU ADRIANA , DINCA MARIUS ,   Active Life Therapy, Bucharest, Romania, BOBLEA DORU ,   Atlantic Technological University, Galway, Ireland
Published: January 2025

The human upper limb has a special anatomical complexity allowing for extraordinary mobility. Literature reports over 8000 degrees of freedom in the hand alone [12-15] making an engineering marvel. It can be assimilated with a biorobot with open and closed chains that give exceptional functional mobility. Due to this complex structure, there are no specific solutions for human upper limb recovery systems in the existing literature. Based on the short anatomical details included in the paper [11-20], a simplified version of the human upper limb in the sagittal plane is created, which is necessary for designing its recovery and functional systems. This bi-mobile planar mechanism consists of three main segments corresponding to the humerus, forearm and palm. It is completed with a closed chain to simulate the palm, being attached to the sagittal model. A specific algorithm is used to obtain the model's positional-kinematic characteristics for standard anatomic details. The forearm also possesses a unique movement called pronation-supination, which allows it to rotate. This motion can be replicated using a spatial mechanism. By integrating these two mechanisms, a single system for use in medical rehabilitation, specifically designed to aid in the forearm functional recovery can be created.
Genus Alternans and Neuter Gender in Istro-Romanian: The Role of Bilingualism
Authors:   University of Oxford/University of Bucharest, Maiden Martin , Uță Bărbulescu Oana ,   University of Oxford/University of Bucharest/Institute for Eastern-Eurpean Studies
Published: January 2025

The relation between the genus alternans and the neuter in Istro-Romanian is not a mere problem of nomenclature, but a manifestation of bilngualism peculiar to the contact situation in which Istro-Romanian and Croatian/Čakavian have long found themselves. The adaptation and the morphosyntactic behaviour of Croatian and Čakavian neuter loans in -o vary in diachrony, revealing how autochthonous morphology gradually yields to the influence of the dominant language. This is manifested in modern Istro-Romanian not just through the fact that neuter loans in -o retain their morphosyntactic behaviour (if a neuter noun is borrowed, most probably it will keep not only its ending but also its agreement pattern), but also as interference effects (even nouns of Romance origin present a Croatian/Čakavian type of agreement with a neuter form in -o of the adjective, indefinite article, etc.) when the corresponding Croatian/Čakavian word is neuter.
TIAN’S THEOREM FOR MOISHEZON SPACES
Authors:   Syracuse University,
Department of Mathematics,
Syracuse, NY 13244-1150, USA
dcoman@syr.edu, COMAN, DAN , MA, XIAONAN ,   Universit´e Paris Cit´e,
CNRS, IMJ-PRG, Bˆatiment Sophie Germain,
UFR de Math´ematiques, Case 7012, 75205 Paris
Cedex 13, France
xiaonan.ma@imj-prg.fr, MARINESCU GEORGE ,   Univerisit¨at zu K¨oln,
Mathematisches institut,
Weyertal 86-90, 50931 K¨oln, Germany
gmarines@math.uni-koeln.de
and
“Simion Stoilow” Institute of Mathematics
of the Romanian Academy,
21 Calea Grivit¸ei Street, 010702 Bucharest, Romania
Published: January 2025

We prove that the Fubini–Study currents associated to a sequence of singular
Hermitian holomorphic line bundles on a compact normal Moishezon space distribute
asymptotically as the curvature currents of their metrics.
ON THE HYPERGEOMETRIC FUNCTION AND FAMILIES OF
HOLOMORPHIC FUNCTIONS
Authors:   Braude College of Engineering
Karmiel 2161002, Israel
mark elin@braude.ac.il
fiana@braude.ac.il, ELIN MARK , JACOBZON FIANA ,   Braude College of Engineering
Karmiel 2161002, Israel
mark elin@braude.ac.il
fiana@braude.ac.il
Published: January 2025

In this work, we examine one two-parameter family of sets consisting of functions
holomorphic in the unit disk, previously investigated by several mathematicians.
We focus on the set-theoretic properties of this family, identify the general form of
filtrations within it, and discover that it is not a lattice. This insight motivates
us to introduce a refined concept of quasi-infima and quasi-suprema, and to
establish their complete description. Unexpectedly, some new properties of the
Gauß hypergeometric function play a crucial role in our investigation.
AN ANALYTICAL APPROACH FOR THE PULSATORY LIPOSOME
IN THE PORE RADIUS HYPOTHESIS
Authors:   Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy,
5 Cut¸itul de Argint Street, 040557 Bucharest, Romania
ghe12constantin@yahoo.com, RADNEF-CONSTANTIN DIANA R. , POPESCU, DUMITRU ,   Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy,
5 Cut¸itul de Argint Street, 040557 Bucharest, Romania, MOCANU AGNETA A. ,   Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy,
5 Cut¸itul de Argint Street, 040557 Bucharest, Romania
Published: January 2025

One considers a unilamellar liposome filled with an aqueous solution of an osmotic
solute. This liposome is introduced into an aqueous medium. Due to the
osmosis process, the lipid vesicle swells up to a maximum size, when a transbilayer
pore suddenly appears. Part of the internal solution leaks through this pore.
The liposome deflates and returns to its initial size. The swelling begins again
and the liposome begins a cyclical evolution. All the processes which contribute
to the liposome relaxing and its coming back to the initial size are described by
three differential equations. This system of differential equations used to model
the liposome can be integrated using numerical methods. At the same time, in
order to describe the behavior of the model functions, we propose an analytical
method in which the variable is the radius of the pore. Thus, working under this
hypothesis of the radius of the pore, we propose an analytical solution for this
system of differential equations and give the analytical expressions of the model
functions and their graphs.
Terminologia industriei petroliere. Studiu de
caz despre Exploatarea petrolului în România
(1907) de I. Tănăsescu și V. Tacit
Authors:   Facultatea de Litere, Universitatea din Craiova                                              dvtopala@yahoo.com, TOPALĂ DRAGOȘ VLAD
Published: January 2025

THE TERMINOLOGY OF THE OIL INDUSTRY. A CASE STUDY ON I. TĂNĂSESCU AND V. TACITʼS OIL EXPLOITATION IN ROMANIA (1907) Abstract In this paper, based on an essential technical manual, I have studied the terminology of the oil industry from 1900 (the oil field stratigraphy and technology of the oil drilling industry). I have applied a mixed research specific to the “external terminology” (based on semasiology) and “internal terminology” (based on onomasiology), as well as a normative approach to literary language. The main objective was to investigate the stage of the language of the oil extraction industry from the perspective of the history of the Romanian literary language.
Sincronic vs diacronic în DOOM3 (2021) și DELR2 I (Litera A, 2021)
Authors:   Institutul de Lingvistică al Academiei Române „Iorgu Iordan – Alexandru Rosetti”
iuliana_chiricu@yahoo.com, CHIRICU IULIANA
Published: January 2025

SYNCHRONIC VS DIACHRONIC IN DOOM3 (2021) AND DELR2 I (LETTER A, 2021) Abstract This article contains a comparison between the new series of the normative dictionary – DOOM3 – and the etymological dictionary of the Romanian language – DELR2 I, both published with the support of the Romanian Academy. The analysis follows the basic structure of our previous comparison (Chiricu 2018) between the older editions − DOOM2 and DELR I − and presents the various differences concerning the entries in the two works. Our conclusions sustain the idea of a unified lexicological and lexicographical vision in the Romanian linguistics, that finds the balance between the synchronic and the diachronic perspective on language.
„Filosofia critică” în Transilvania
Authors:   Université Paris-Est Créteil, Rusu Bogdan
Published: January 2025

In imperial Transylvania, the Hungarian professors of philosophy served as models for the Romanian proponents of philosophy. Due to the official catholic hostility to Kant, Márton Istvan promoted the philosophy of Krug, of which he edited and translated a compendium into Latin. Krug was not a genuine Kantian, but an eclectic post-Kantian, influenced by Reinhold, Fichte, and Schelling. His metaphilosophy influenced a whole generation of Hungarian thinkers, most of them eclectics, who forged along its lines a broad concept of “critical philosophy”, of which Kantianism was supposed to be just a species among others. “Critical philosophy” became the name of a new brand of eclecticism, integrating commonsensism, the main theses of the old ontotheological metaphysics, and elements of Kantian doctrine in diverse proportions. The Transylvanian Romanian teachers of philosophy imitated the example of their Hungarian models, went to Krug’s texts, either in Latin or in German, translated them to the purpose of using them in their lectures, and sometimes published their translations. The first centre of diffusion of Krug’s critical philosophy was the Blaj Gymna¬sium, at the end of the 1820s. Krug’s philosophy reached Bucharest in the 1840s, through a graduate of Cluj Piarist Lyceum, and eventually Jassy, through a former Blaj teacher, in the second half of the 1850s, where it was taught until the end of the 1870s. Despite this relatively wide diffusion, Krug’s critical philosophy was far from having on Romanians the same kind of impact it had on Hungarians. It left virtually no traces on the Romanian culture, with the exception of a political manifesto by Simeon Bărnuț (1842) and, most importantly, it was ineffective in generating interest in Kant’s philosophy. Thus it cannot be said, as the accepted narrative holds, that the diffusion of Krug’s works in Romanian marks a moment of the reception of Kant in Romania.
Partisan Politics and the Road to Plutocracy
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: January 2025

In this essay, I take a deep dive into the history of American plutocracy and its conspicuously Republican roots.
The post Partisan Politics and the Road to Plutocracy appeared first on Economics from the Top Down.
Notas sobre complejidad computacional
Authors: Rosenfeld Ricardo
Published: January 2025

Dos aspectos centrales del proyecto en curso del CAETI, de creacion de un ambiente de desarrollo de software basado en conceptos avanzados de modularizacion y sintesis de comportamiento, son la correctitud y la eficiencia. En relación al primer aspecto, en artículos anteriores describimos la verificación axiomática de programas. En este artículo nos enfocamos en la eficiencia, presentando una serie de notas que cubren sucintamente temas relevantes de la complejidad computacional, área de la teoría de la computación que estudia la dificultad inherente de los problemas. Se tratan los paradigmas determinístico, probabilístico y cuántico, incluyendo elementos vinculados con la criptografía, las pruebas y la desaleatorización de los algoritmos. El material integra los contenidos de la asignatura Métodos Formales en la Ingeniería de Software, que se dicta en el Doctorado en Informática de la Facultad de Tecnología Informática de la UAI.
Examining the scope of “in the course of employment” as a prerequisite for entitlement to compensation under the workmen and employees’ compensation acts
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Law, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria., Oluwaseyi A. Leigh , Tarh-Akong Eyongndi David ,   Assistant Professor, College of Law, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria., Akins Ekpoh Nancy ,   Lecturer, Department of Jurisprudence and International Law, Rivers State University, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria, E. Aigbadon Gloria ,   Lecturer, Department of Public and International Law, Caleb University, Lagos., Nheoma Eme Worugji ,   Lecturer, Department of Jurisprudence and International Law, Rivers State University, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria.
Published: January 2025

When a person is employed, the employee is expected to work or render services to the employer. During the employment, it is possible that the employee suffers injury which is expected to be compensated. The Workmen Compensation Act and the Employees Compensation Act are legislation that deals with compensation for work related injuries. Both Acts require that for an employee to be entitled to compensation for work-related injuries, the injury complained of, must have occurred ‘in the course of the employment.’ The issue is: when can an injury be said to have occurred in the course of the employment? This article adopts doctrinal method and relies on both primary and secondary data to examine the scope of this requirement under both laws and their extent of compliance with international best practices in the field of workplace-related injury.
A review of company’s constitution, content and its alterations under Cama 2020
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, Airen Aigbe Irene , Enorense Osarumwense Nicholas ,   Faculty of Law, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
Published: January 2025

The Companies and Allied Matters Act 2020 provides for documents which must be delivered to the Corporate Affairs Commission before a company can be registered in Nigeria. These documents include the Memorandum and Article of Association. The Memorandum of Association together with the Article is referred to as the Constitution, regulating its internal and external affairs. This study examined the provisions of The Companies and Allied Matters Act 2020 that regulates the content of the Memo and Article in the registration and management of companies in Nigeria. It further discussed the implications for compliance or non-compliance and subsequent procedures for alterations under the Act. Adopting the doctrinal research methodology, the study revealed that the requirements for the Memo and Article under CAMA 2020 is intended to meet the expectations of standard regulation of companies in Nigeria. However, enforcement gaps have limited the efficacy of the Memo and Article of Association in company management.
The prospects and challenges in adopting artificial intelligence toward effective legal education
Authors:   Associate Professor and Research Coordinator, School of Law, Kampala International University, Uganda, Nwaechefu Hilary , Adewusi Michale ,   Associate Dean Research, School of Social Sciences Kampala International University, Uganda, Kajja Timothy ,   School of Law, Kampala International University, Uganda, Onwubiko Kelechi ,   Lecturer School of Law, Kampala International University, Uganda, Natukunda Mastula ,   Lecturer School of Law, Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a computer program that uses human-like intelligence to solve issues of diverse science, arts, medicine, social science, and technological inquiry. AI has the human-like ability to undertake learning, teaching, research, problem-solving, and intellectual reasoning cutting across all spheres of life. Recently robot lawyers have used Artificial Intelligence in conducting cases in court. Similarly, AI could impact legal education in diverse fields. This research interrogates how and manners that AI could advance legal education in Uganda. This research Uses a doctrinal approach, referring to, statutes, legal texts, and Internet publications. This research finds that in the same way that lawsuits can be conducted by Robot lawyers using AI enablement, legal education can also be advanced using AI instrumentality. The paper recommends that training be conducted for law teachers in Uganda to acquaint them with modern technology of AI application and programming amongst others.
The prospect, legal, and medical issues in integrating AI in medical practice in Uganda
Authors:   School of Law, Kampala International University, Kampala Uganda, Atagamen Aidonojie Paul , Owoche Antai ,   School of Law, Kampala International University, Kampala Uganda, Abass Aleshinloye Yusuf ,   School of Computing and Mathematics, Kampala International University, Kampala Uganda, Muzahura Huraira ,   School of Law, Kampala International University, Kampala Uganda, Ibrahim Maifada Khadija ,   School of Law, Kampala International University, Kampala Uganda, Babirye Resty ,   School of Law, Kampala International University, Kampala Uganda
Published: January 2025

It is not that the 21st century has witnessed a surge and development of digital technology within the global terrain. This digital technology has further taken a new dimension such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) which has aided in enhancing and transforming virtually all sectors. However, it suffices to state that AI has further led to the transformation of healthcare within the global terrain. This is concerning the fact that incorporating AI in medical practice such as telemedicine and the metaverse concept has enabled healthcare providers to render healthcare services in remote areas, training and sensitization of medical personnel and the public on healthcare issues. However, despite this potential of incorporating AI in medical practice, there seem to be legal and medical issues developing countries like Uganda may encounter. Hence, the need for this study to examine the prospect, legal, and medical issues concerning the integration of AI into medical practice in Uganda. Concerning this, the study adopts a doctrinal method of study, the data obtained from the primary and secondary sources were analysed through analytical and descriptive approaches. The study found that incorporating AI in the healthcare system in Uganda will provide several benefits. However, there are legal and medical issues in integrating the AI healthcare system of Uganda, these include regulatory ambiguities, data privacy and confidentiality of patient, the challenges patients consenting to virtual medical care, medical errors that may ensue through AI medical care, and several others. The study, therefore, concludes and recommends that AI provides significant transformative and innovative solutions to the Uganda healthcare delivery system. However, to effectively utilize the opportunities provided by AI there is a need to ensure effective regulatory compliance and engagement of the various stakeholders in initiating a proper medical and ethical practice and guide on how best to utilize AI in healthcare delivery in Uganda.
Decomposition of the Determinants of Return on Equity (ROE) in the Indonesian Insurance Industry: Implementation of the Du Pont Method
Authors: Zalukhu Kasieli , Palupiningtyas Dyah
Published: January 2025

This study uses a modified Du Pont decomposition approach to analyse the determinants of Return on Equity (ROE) in the Indonesian insurance industry. The research was conducted on PT Asuransi Ramayana Tbk and PT Asuransi Jasa Tania Tbk for the 2022-2023 period, focusing on the identification and analysis of the components forming ROE. The research methodology employed a descriptive quantitative approach with a modified Du Pont analysis to accommodate the specific characteristics of the insurance industry. The findings reveal significant differences in the ROE performance of the two companies. PT Asuransi Ramayana Tbk recorded an ROE of 13.08% in 2023, supported by better operational efficiency (combined ratio of 78.76%) and a significant increase in investment returns (investment yield of 9.42%). Meanwhile, PT Asuransi Jasa Tania Tbk improved ROE from 0.18% to 1.24%, primarily driven by an increase in net profit margin from 0.35% to 2.11%. The decomposition analysis identified three key factors influencing ROE: operational efficiency, as reflected in the combined ratio; investment management effectiveness, as seen from the investment yield; and capital structure optimisation, indicated by financial leverage. These findings provide a systematic framework for insurance company management to optimise economic performance and for regulators to develop policies that support the industry's sustainability.
Examining Fatigue and Workflow Disruptions with Strategic Interventions for Enhanced Performance of Police Officers in the South African Police Service
Authors: Thabang Molokomme Radiakga
Published: January 2025

In a profession where split-second decisions can mean the difference between life and
death, fatigue is a silent but critical threat that compromises police officers'
effectiveness and well-being. Fatigue remains a critical but often overlooked threat to
police officers' effectiveness and well-being, particularly in high-pressure environments
where operational efficiency is vital for public safety. Officers in the South African
Police Service (SAPS) frequently endure demanding, physical and mental tasks,
irregular working hours, and prolonged exposure to stress, leading to workflow
disruptions and impaired decision-making. Despite its serious implications, fatigue is
underexplored in South African policing literature, particularly regarding SAPS officers
working 12-hour shifts in Pretoria Central.
This study investigates the impact of fatigue on workflow disruptions and explores
strategic interventions to mitigate its effects. The significance of this research lies in its
potential to improve officer well-being, operational efficiency, and public service
delivery. Motivated by the lack of qualitative insights in existing studies, this research
adopts a case study design, applying the Job Demand Control Theory (JDCT) and
Spill over Theory (SOT) to understand fatigue's influence. Semi-structured interviews
were conducted with eight purposively sampled SAPS officers with over ten years of
service.
Thematic analysis revealed key findings, including fatigue-related workflow
disruptions, reduced service quality, and heightened stress levels. Recommended
interventions include flexible shift scheduling, mandatory rest periods, mental health
support programs, and fatigue management training. These findings contribute to
improving SAPS working conditions and informing global policing policies for enhanced
officer performance and well-being.
Lucy Thoumaian (née Rossier de Visme)
Authors: Bachmann Franziska
Published: January 2025

A life dedicated to helping those in need, Lucy Thoumaian fought tirelessly for justice and peace. She gave her voice and heart to the Armenian people and rescued her Armenian husband when he was imprisoned and sentenced to death - this female “knight errant” even inspired a late 19th century novel. As initiator of the “Every Woman” International Movement, she called upon her “[d]ear Sisters of Every Land” to unite for peace during the First World War. The story of our “Sister” begins in France and Switzerland in the mid-19th century, in the peace of the mountains.