bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rapunzel Syndrome and Small Bowel Intussusceptions Due to a Cotton Thread Bezoar: A Case Report
Authors: Raghu Vineetha , Nagadi Anita N. , Kumar Ashwini Chethan
Published: June 2019

Rapunzel syndrome is a rare disease in which a trichobezoar extends into the duodenum or distal small intestine. It is associated with compulsive eating of indigestible substances or pica and is more common in cases of underlying psychiatric disturbances. If left untreated, gastrointestinal bezoars with or without the Rapunzel syndrome may lead to several complications such as ulceration, perforation, peritonitis, pancreatitis, biliary obstruction, severe nutritional disturbances, and rarely intestinal obstruction. We present an exceptionally rare case of Rapunzel syndrome caused by a large cotton thread bezoar in an adolescent girl, associated with multiple jejunal intussusceptions. Further, we present a literature review of this entity. An interesting association of bezoar with intussusception is explained. Since a history of pica may not be forthcoming in all cases, it is important to be familiar with the imaging characteristics, complications, and management of bezoars.
An Odd Case of Melena: Chronic Celiac Artery Dissection and Hepatic Arterioduodenal Fistula
Authors: Kumar Lijesh , Philips Cyriac Abby , Augustine Philip
Published: June 2019

We present the case of a 54-year-old chronic alcoholic man who presented to the emergency department with intermittent melena for 3 days. Imaging revealed a large dissecting pseudoaneurysm of the common hepatic artery with an arterioduodenal fistula in the second part of the duodenum. The pseudoaneurysm and fistula were managed with refined interventional techniques, and supply to the hepatic arteries was salvaged. In cases of melena that are difficult to diagnose through traditional means, early imaging and interventional management can prove beneficial and improve short-term survival.
Design and production of a novel microfluidic device for the capture and isolation of circulating tumor cell clusters
Authors: Shaner Sebastian W. , Allen Jeffrey K. , Felderman Martina , Pasko Evan T. , Wimer Carina D. , Cosford Nicholas D. P. , Kassegne Samuel , Teriete Peter
Published: June 2019

The three main challenges of cancer treatment are metastases, recurrence, and acquired therapy resistance. These challenges have been closely linked to circulating cancer cell clusters. A detailed understanding of their genetic and morphological composition is essential. This will not only improve our knowledge of basic cancer biology but enable the successful development of much needed therapies preventing the three main challenges mentioned above. Extensive research effort is underway to isolate, capture, and analyze circulating tumor cells. However, few if any current efforts specifically target cancer cell clusters, and their much greater ability to initiate new tumors. Growing scientific consensus over the last five years has convincingly established the importance of targeting circulating cancer cell clusters verses individual CTCs to prevent the occurrence of metastatic disease. Based on the increased clinical importance of cancer cell clusters as the main driver of cancer metastasis, new and improved methods are much needed to access these larger multi-celled structures. Microfluidic devices offer a readily accessible platform for a customizable microenvironment for cell isolation and analysis. In this study, we show how a well-known passive micromixer design (staggered herringbone mixer - SHM) can be optimized to induce maximum chaotic advection within antibody-coated channels of dimensions appropriate for the capture of cancer cell clusters. The device’s principle design configuration is called: Single-Walled Staggered Herringbone (SWaSH). The preliminary empirical results of our work show that utilization of extensive simulation and modeling can accelerate the development of a working prototype that allows for target-specific cancer cell cluster isolation.
Optimal active power dispatch for wind farm based on the improved fatigue load sensitivity
Authors: Liu Yingming , Wang Yingwei , Wang Xiaodong , Miao Yizhi
Published: June 2019

Reasonable active power dispatch for wind farms can reduce the dynamic fatigue loads of wind turbines (WTs) and prolong the service lives of the WTs. An active power dispatch method for wind farms based on the improved fatigue load sensitivity of WT is proposed. According to the WT operating parameters, the fatigue load sensitivity to the power reference value is improved. The analytical equations of the fatigue load sensitivity are rederived, and the accuracies of the fatigue load sensitivity calculations are improved. The wind farm fatigue load minimization is taken as the target, the tracking power reference value is taken as the constraint, and the active power distribution model is established. The quadratic programming optimization algorithm is used to calculate the power reference of each WT. Case studies were conducted with wind farm control for different turbulent winds. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparing the rainflow cycles and the damage equivalent load.
A strain-gauge random laser
Authors: Lee Ya-Ju , Yeh Ting-Wei , Nagarjuna P. , Tseng Chieh-Chi , Yi Jui-Yun
Published: June 2019

We describe a random laser that uses the ZnO nanorods randomly orientated on a flexible polyimide (PI) substrate as disorderedly optical scatterers to stimulate coherent random lasing actions. Repeatable and reversible tuning of spectral emission is demonstrated by exerting a bending strain on the PI substrate, which enables us to activate the random laser on either below or above the lasing threshold. Furthermore, our random laser functions as a stable and durable optical strain gauge with a gauge factor of ≈37.7 ± 5.4 under a bending strain of 40%, which is comparable to that of traditional electrical strain gauges. The study validates that the reported strain-gauge random laser is able to be used in certain fields where the electrical gauge is restricted and the optical gauge is considered to preferable as an alternative solution.
The evolution of air and maritime transport
Authors: Bejan A. , Gunes U. , Sahin B.
Published: June 2019

The literature reviewed in this article shows that the evolution of vehicles is in line with the evolution of animal locomotion and that it is predictable from the constructal law of design and evolution in nature. The evolution of ships and airplanes illustrates the evolutionary design of the “human-and-machine species” as it moves and spreads on Earth: farther, faster, more efficiently, and with greater lasting power (sustainability). Every vehicle size has its design. The bigger vehicle is not a magnified facsimile of the smaller. The size fraction that the lifting organs occupy in the overall vehicle increases with the body size. Every vehicle size has its niche, the supporting territory, and population to which it belongs. All the designs of movement on the globe evolve. Vehicles do not evolve by themselves; they evolve hand in glove with the humans who design and use them. The result is hierarchy, and it is why hierarchy is natural and unavoidable. We see it in geophysical movement (river basins), animal movement (food chain), human social movement (global air and maritime traffic), and everywhere else. The appearance of a new hierarchical design of movement on earth does not eliminate the existing hierarchical designs of movement. The new hierarchy joins the old, and what works is kept. No evolving system deviates from the features dictated by the law of physics of evolution in nature.
Defects at the surface of β-Ga2O3 produced by Ar plasma exposure
Authors: Polyakov A. Y. , Lee In-Hwan , Smirnov N. B. , Yakimov E. B. , Shchemerov I. V. , Chernykh A. V. , Kochkova A. I. , Vasilev A. A. , Carey P. H. , Ren F. , Smith David J. , Pearton S. J.
Published: June 2019

Films of β-Ga2O3 grown by halide vapor phase epitaxy on native substrates were subjected to Ar inductively coupled plasma treatment. As a result, the built-in voltage of Ni Schottky diodes deposited on the plasma treated surfaces decreased from 1 V to −0.02 V due to the buildup of deep trap concentration in the near surface region. Deep level spectra measurements indicate a strong increase in the top ∼200 nm of the plasma treated layer of the concentration of E2* (Ec − 0.8 eV) and especially E3 (Ec − 1.05 eV) deep electron traps. Capacitance-voltage profiling with monochromatic illumination also indicated a large increase in the upper ∼100 nm of the film in the concentration of deep acceptors with optical threshold for an ionization of ∼2.3 eV and 3.1 eV. Such defects at the surface led to a significant increase in reverse current, an increase in the ideality factor in forward current, and a dramatic decrease in the diffusion length of nonequilibrium charge carriers from 450 nm to 150 nm.
Drainage network position and historical connectivity explain global patterns in freshwater fishes’ range size
Authors: Carvajal-Quintero Juan , Villalobos Fabricio , Oberdorff Thierry , Grenouillet Gaël , Brosse Sébastien , Hugueny Bernard , Jézéquel Céline , Tedesco Pablo A.
Published: June 2019

Significance

Species’ geographic range size is a fundamental aspect of understanding and predicting changes in biodiversity patterns. Investigating the global drivers of geographic range size variation in freshwater fishes, we found clear evidence that current and historical connectivity are, by far, the main determinants of range size. More specifically, we found that, everything else being equal, species displaying basal position in the drainage network (i.e., lowland areas) and found in drainage basins that have had connections during Quaternary low-sea-level periods have larger range sizes than their counterparts. Our findings suggest that connectivity is the key component of riverine fish geographic range sizes. This may have important implications for evaluating the vulnerability of freshwater species to river fragmentation.
SHOC2 complex-driven RAF dimerization selectively contributes to ERK pathway dynamics
Authors: Boned del Río Isabel , Young Lucy C. , Sari Sibel , Jones Greg G. , Ringham-Terry Benjamin , Hartig Nicole , Rejnowicz Ewa , Lei Winnie , Bhamra Amandeep , Surinova Silvia , Rodriguez-Viciana Pablo
Published: June 2019

Significance

The ERK signaling pathway is hyperactivated in a majority of cancers. However, because it mediates myriad physiological responses, the clinical efficacy of current ERK pathway inhibitors has been severely limited by toxicity. This study uncovers both SHOC2 phosphatase complex-dependent and -independent mechanisms of RAF and ERK activation that are differentially engaged in a context and spatio-temporal–dependent manner. KRAS oncogenic signaling preferentially depends on SHOC2 dependent-mechanisms, which thus presents a therapeutic opportunity. This study provides a molecular framework for how targeting the SHOC2-holophosphatase regulatory node of the RAF activation process provides a mechanism for selective inhibition of ERK signaling.
α2-Chimaerin is essential for neural stem cell homeostasis in mouse adult neurogenesis
Authors: Su Yi-Ting , Lau Shun-Fat , Ip Jacque P. K. , Cheung Kit , Cheung Tom H. T. , Fu Amy K. Y. , Ip Nancy Y.
Published: June 2019

Significance

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis, the lifelong generation of neurons in the dentate gyrus, is important for brain functioning, including learning, memory, and mood regulation. Its dysregulation is associated with cognitive decline and mood disorders. We discovered that the Rho GTPase-activating protein, α2-chimaerin, is essential for adult hippocampal neurogenesis, as it precisely regulates the transition of neural stem cells (NSCs) into intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs). Conditional knockout of α2-chimaerin in adult NSCs in the mouse hippocampus resulted in a loss of the Klotho-expressing NSC population and the premature differentiation of NSCs into IPCs, which impaired neuron production. These mice also exhibited compromised hippocampal synaptic plasticity and anxiety/depression-like behaviors. Thus, our findings revealed that α2-chimaerin is important in adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
Post-lexical strata
Authors: Ali Abdel-Khalig
Published: June 2019

Building on Ali (2014, 2017), this paper proposes a Stratal OT account of the interaction between phrasal syncope and resyllabification in two dialects of Sudanese Arabic. The account expresses the connection between the two phenomena in terms of the interaction between the syncope constraint and the constraint requiring faithful mapping of input syllables. The patterns of syncope attested in the dialects indicate that these constraints have different rankings at the prosodic levels of word, φ-Phrase, ι-Phrase, and Utterance. This is evidence that the organization of post-lexical phonology is similar to that of lexical phonology; the former also consists of distinct, serially related constraint systems. The paper provides further evidence for the post-lexical stratification based on the patterns of realization of word-final clusters.
Syntactic complexity and grammaticalization in Toba language (Guaycuruan)
Authors: Messineo Cristina
Published: June 2019

This chapter analyzes phasal, modal and verbs of motion which, in Toba language (Guaycuruan family), have grammaticalized starting from two types of constructions: completive clauses with phasal and modal verbs, and serial verb constructions (SVCs) with motion verbs. In the domain of phasal and modal completive clauses, the process of grammaticalization involves a change of the grammatical status of the phasal or modal verb. The verb loses the agreement person marker, a common process in other domains of the language. This change constitutes the sole evidence of the co-evolution of form and meaning. In this domain, phasal verbs develop into either aspectual auxiliaries (inceptive or resultative) or as words with a prepositional function. The latter is the only conventionalized strategy that Toba has to express what is encoded through adpositions in other languages. In serial verb constructions (SVCs) with motion verbs, these cover a wide range of meanings of meanings associated with movement (direction, path, location, etc.). In such contexts, one of the verbs, the directional verb is grammaticalized as progressive aspect auxiliary, while the second verb, the locative weta does so to a durative aspect auxiliary. Thus, serial verb constructions with motion verbs also explain the origin of directional and locative suffixes from verbs. The synchronic coexistence of serial and complex verb constructions with an identical function favors the argument of different diachronic paths of grammaticalization within languages for which no historical documents are available as Toba.
From discourse to syntax
Authors: González Albert Álvarez
Published: June 2019

This paper shows how Yaqui has recruited the element bwe, a discourse connective of discontinuity (that is, a spoken discourse marker that introduces a topic-shift), in order to participate in the creation of two new interclausal connectives: the cause/reason adverbial connective bwe’ituk and the adversative connective bweta. I argue that these two interclausal connectives come from a recent formation process that combines the discourse marker bwe and linguistic elements associated with the strategies used in the past for marking cause/reason clauses and adversative clauses in Yaqui, and that the recruitment of bwe from discourse to syntax is functionally motivated, since bwe can be viewed as a thematic reorientation device used in discourse, and bwe’ituk and bweta can be viewed as thematic reorientation devices used in syntax. A comparison between the two evolutionary processes originating the two bwe- interclausal connectives is also provided, showing that contrary to the bweta formation, the creation of bwe’ituk implies a process of explicitness-driven maturation and two syntactic rearrangements referring to the encoding of the adverbial clause subject and to the position of the connective within the adverbial clause, which are clear consequences of the discourse origin of bwe.
Morpho-Syntactic Patterns in Spoken Korean English
Authors: Rüdiger Sofia
Published: June 2019

Morpho-Syntactic Patterns in Spoken Korean English presents fundamental research on the use of English by South Korean speakers. Despite the extraordinary and vibrant status of the English language in South Korean society (demonstrated, for example, by the notion of English Fever), research on the forms of English in the South Korean context has been sadly neglected in the study of World Englishes. This monograph is the first to provide a rich and contextualized description of the Korean English morpho-syntactic repertoire. It draws on the specifically compiled Spoken Korean English (SPOKE) corpus to shed light on Korean uses of plural marking, articles, pronouns, prepositions, and verbs in spoken English, and demonstrates that English is indeed the language of those who use it. This volume will be highly relevant for researchers interested in Expanding Circle Englishes, Asian Englishes, spoken language corpora, and morpho-syntactic variation.
Opioid Overdose Prevention Education for Medical Students: Adopting Harm Reduction into Mandatory Clerkship Curricula
Authors: Oldfield Benjamin J. , Tetrault Jeanette M. , Wilkins Kirsten M. , Edelman E. Jennifer , Capurso Noah A.
Published: June 2019

Background

Opioid overdose deaths constitute a public health crisis in the United States. Strategies for reducing opioid-related harm are underutilized due in part to clinicians’ low knowledge about harm reduction theory and limited preparedness to prescribe naloxone. Educational interventions are needed to improve knowledge and attitudes about, and preparedness to address, opioid overdoses among medical students.

Methods

Informed by the Department of Veterans Affairs’ Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution (OEND) program and narrative medicine, we developed and led a mandatory workshop on harm reduction for clerkship medical students. Using validated scales, we assessed students’ knowledge and attitudes about, and preparedness to address, opioid overdoses before the workshop and 6 weeks after.

Results

Of 75 participating students from February through December 2017, 55 (73%) completed pre-workshop and 38 (51%) completed both pre- and post-workshop surveys. At baseline, 40 (73%) encountered patients with perceived at-risk opioid use in the previous 6 weeks, but only 11 (20%) recalled their teams prescribing naloxone for overdose prevention. Among those completing both surveys, knowledge about and preparedness to prevent overdose showed large improvement (Cohen's d = 0.85, P < .001; Cohen's d = 1.24, P < .001, respectively) and attitudes showed moderate improvement (Cohen's d = 0.32, P = .04).

Discussion

Educational interventions grounded in harm reduction theory can increase students’ knowledge and attitudes about, and preparedness to address, opioid overdoses.
Reply to Jim Woodward’s Comments on Wolfgang Spohn’s Laws of Belief
Authors: Spohn Wolfgang
Published: June 2019

This is one of a pair of discussion notes comparing some features of the account of causation in Wolfgang Spohn’s Laws of Belief with the “interventionist” account in James Woodward’s Making Things Happen. This note locates the core difference of the accounts in the fact that Woodward’s account follows an epistemological order, while Spohn’s follows a conceptual order. This unfolds in five further differences: (i) type- versus token-level causation, (ii) reference to time, (iii) actual/counterfactual intervention versus epistemic/suppositional wiggling, (iv) a circular versus a circle-free conception of the circumstances of a direct causal relation, and (v) absolute versus model-relative causation.
A Reply to Nina Emery
Authors: Mitchell Sam
Published: June 2019

This article argues against Nina Emery’s view that there are compelling reasons to believe in nomological probabilities. To the degree that we can see no other way to detect the occurrence of the explanans apart from the bare fact that the explanandum happened, we may be skeptical that the proposed explanation is correct and open to the possibility that there is none. This provides us with a way to distinguish physical entities from mathematical ones, illuminating interpretations of quantum mechanics.
Beyond all order asymptotics for homoclinic snaking in a Schnakenberg system
Authors: de Witt Hannes
Published: June 2019

Using multi-scale beyond all order methods, we investigate stationary spatially localized solutions of a Schnakenberg system, a prototype reaction–diffusion system, near the onset of a subcritical Turing bifurcation. These solutions are homoclinic orbits to a homogeneous solution and passing near a periodic solution. In bifurcation diagrams, branches of these solutions commonly show two interwining snaking curves. Here we calculate the maximal range of existence for these solutions and compare our findings with numerical computations. We derive and optimally truncate a (divergent) asymptotic series of a front solution. The remainder of the truncated series is exponentially small if and only if a specific parameter range is met. This complements work on Swift–Hohenberg equations where similar results have been obtained.
Application of waste water treatment technology from exhaust electroplating and anodizing process using electro-coagulation method
Authors: Rahayu S S , Budiarti V S A , Sumiyarso B , Amrul A , Triyono E
Published: June 2019

Production process in vehicle exhaust small industry releases waste water from xhaust tube electroplating and anodizing without any pre-treatment. It contains plating and coloring from Chroom hexavalent as much as 65,586 mg/l and lead 86,576 mg/l, which is more that the electroplated and anodized waste water quality limit of and 0,3 mg/l 0.1 mg/l for Lead concentration. In addition Chroom and Lead is categorized as toxic and dangerous waste substances. This research is aimed at studying the fundamental characteristics of Chroom and Lead separated from electroplated waste water in exhaust tube by means of electro-Coagulation. To get a comprehensive understanding of process characteristics, two intrinsic parameters are the focus of this research. This include electro-chemistry (installed voltage and current gain) and psycho-chemistry-fluid (process time and contaminant concentration). The research method involved designing assembly and fabrication of an electro-coagulation unit in the laboratory scale. It also a characteristic study of separation process by varying both electrochemistry and psycho-chemistry-fluid parameters, whilst developing a characteristic model of Chroom and lead separation. Those research stages provided measured contributions that resulted in a prototype of a compact and modular electrocoagulation device. This was designed with 5 pairs of aluminum electrodes that capable of separating chroom and lead with a gain of 88,76% and 87.54%.
Growth and fabrication of 850 nm AlGaAs/GaAs vertical cavity surface emitting laser structure
Authors: Cabello N I , Tingzon P M , Husay H A , Vasquez J D , Jagus R , Patrocenio K L , Gonzales K C , Catindig G A , Prieto E A , Somintac A , Salvador A , Estacio E
Published: June 2019

In this work, we demonstrate the NIP’s all in-house development of a vertical cavity surface emitting laser structure. The VCSEL structure grown via MBE consists of an AlAs/AlGaAs distributed Bragg reflector and an AlGaAs/GaAs quantum well designed to issue at the 850 nm region. Reflectance spectroscopy showed that the stop band is centered around the designed wavelength. The electroluminescence spectra displayed that the maximum light emission corresponded to its design. This is a crucial step in the NIP’s development of semiconductor lasers, leading towards future high-speed and highly-tunable VCSEL devices.
Effect of ozone technology applications on physical characteristics of red cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) preservation
Authors: Sasmita E , Restiwijaya M , Yulianto E , Yuliani  , Arianto F , Kinandana A W , Nur M
Published: June 2019

Research on the application of ozone technology to red cayenne pepper had been done. The purpose of this research was to determine the changes in the physical characteristic, i.e. TPA (Texture Profile Analysis) and color parameters (L, a*, b*) of red cayenne pepper by treated with ozone technology. The research method was red cayenne pepper were not sprayed with ozonated water then stored in room temperature, air-conditioner room temperature, cold storage, cold storage dedicated ozone (R0, A0, C0, and Z0) and red cayenne pepper were sprayed with ozonated water then stored in room temperature, air-conditioner room temperature, cold storage, cold storage dedicated ozone (R1, A1, C1, and Z1). The storage times were five days, ten days, 15 days, 20 days, 25 days, and 30 days. During the storage period, the visual appearance, change in texture, color, and weight loss were measured. The results showed that ozone technology treatment and the length of storage time influenced the texture, color, and weight loss of red cayenne pepper as a conclusion the red cayenne pepper treated by sprayed with ozonated water and stored in cold storage dedicated ozone could maintain the quality of red cayenne pepper for 30 days.
The comparison of ozone production with dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactors series and parallel at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Kinandana A W , Yulianto E , Prakoso A D , Faruq A , Qusnudin A , Hendra M , Sasmita E , Restiwijaya M , Pratiwi S H , Arianto F , Nur M
Published: June 2019

Ozone that was generated by using dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBDP) reactor has been investigated. In this study, we compared ozone production with reactor series and parallelled at atmospheric pressure. The reactor used models of a wire mesh - aluminum foil configuration. The first reactor uses a series circuit with two reactors and the second reactor uses a parallel circuit with two reactors. Ozone was produced by DBDP reactor using AC high Voltage. Oxygen that source of ozone has been taken from the pure oxygen and natural gas. Some analysis conducted including the variation of voltage, the flow rate of gas and type of source gas which affect produced concentration. Some parameters varied including voltage from 0 - 10 kV and the flow rate of gas 4 - 12 L / min. The results showed that ozone concentration in the series reactor is higher than that of the parallel reactor. The series reactor could produce ozone with a concentration of 348 ppm at a voltage of 10 kV. Then the parallel reactor of ozone could produce with a concentration of 240 ppm at a voltage of 10 kV. We found that series reactor could produce more high ozone concentration at the same voltage.
Effect of duty cycle on ozone production using DBDP cylindrical reactor
Authors: Yulianto E , Aryadi R , Zahar I , Sasmita E , Restiwijaya M , Kinandana AW , Arianto F , Nur M
Published: June 2019

Ozone production using DBDP technology used pulse high voltage to generate ozone. The duty cycle has been used the variations of 10%, 30%, 50%, 60% of the 350 Hz as installed frequency. The DBDP reactor constructed by using cylinder-cylindrical electrode configuration. The inner electrode was made by stainless steel mesh with a length of 19 cm, and the outer electrode was aluminum foil with a length of 19 cm. The barrier was made of tube pyrex glass. Ozone is generated utilizing air as an oxygen-containing gas source with atmospheric pressure and a flow rate of 10 L/minute. The results show that using 10% of the duty cycle produces a maximum output voltage of 5 kV, the resulting ozone concentration of 67 ppm. The 30% cycle produces a maximum output voltage of 7.7 kV and ozone production with a concentration of 115.2 ppm. The 50% duty cycle produces a maximum output voltage of 10 kV with an ozone concentration of 134.4 ppm. The 60% duty cycle is capable of generating a maximum output voltage of 10.77 kV with an ozone concentration generated from 160.8 ppm. We found that using 60% duty cycle is capable of producing high concentrations and ozone capacity.
Detection of sodium aerosol using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Alhamid Z , Khumaeni A
Published: June 2019

Analysis of sodium aerosol is very important in various field including nuclear power station, electronic industry, and medical field. In medical field, aerosol detection can be employed to earlier detection of disease based on liquid in human being. In this present work, aerosol sodium detection has been performed using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) utilizing pulse Nd:YAG laser. In the study, sodium aerosol made of sodium chloride (NaCl) liquid was deposited on a copper (Cu) metal plate. The Cu plate functions as a metal subtarget to initiate a plasma emission and to improve the emission intensity of sodium line. Experimentally, a pulse laser Nd YAG (1064 nm, 7 ns, dan 45 mJ) was focused on a sodium aerosol to induce a luminous plasma. The plasma was then sent into the spectrometer to obtain the emission spectrum of sodium. The observed sodium aerosol samples were made in five variations based on their various molarities (concentrations). Variations are made, ranging from 1 molar to 3 molar with the difference of each sample of 0.5 molar. Sharp Na lines at 588.9 nm and 589.3 nm, which overlap due to low resolution of spectrometer were clearly detected. The other lines coming from Cu subtarget occurs at 324.7 nm and 327.4 nm. Detail study of sodium analysis using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy will be presented.
Application of MCNP for determining the distribution of absorbed dose in lung brachytherapy by using radiation γ 131cs
Authors: Setiawati E , Pratama Y , Azam M
Published: June 2019

One of the MCNP applications is to determine the radiation dose distribution in the brachytherapy process. In this research performed the calculation of the distribution of radiation doses in the lung organ and some organs at risk, so it can be known whether the doses received by the surrounding organs are still within normal limits or not. The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) recommends that the doses administered in patient radiotherapy have inaccuracies that are allowed to be within the range of ± 5 %. This simulation is used to determine the energy of γ-radiation absorbed per particle transformation in the lung organ and other organs around it. The radioactive source used is 131Cs in the form of points with activity varying from 1.7 mCi to 2.3 mCi, and the number of seeds grown varies from 10 to 60. The simulation of the geometry of the human body is made up of phantom ORNL-MIRD. This research made left lung geometry as target organ with density 0,296 g / cm3 and located at a Cartesian coordinate position that is (8,5; 0; 43,5). From the absorbed dose can be calculated dose distribution on each organ including the target organ and the surrounding organ. If the target organ is considered to receive a dose of 100%, then the surrounding organs are left an atrial wall of 59.58%, left atrium content of 14.32%, left a ventricular wall of 11.62%, left the ventricular content of 15.5 % and right lung by 0.17%. From the results of the dose distribution can be said that the organs that exist around the target organs are still safe because receiving a radiation dose is still below 60%.
Zoning landslide vulnerable area according to geological structure, slopes, and landuse parameters In Trangkil Sukorejo Gunungpati Semarang City’s Residental Area
Authors: Yulianto T , Suripin S , Purnaweni H
Published: June 2019

The condition of the geological structure, land use, and slope in Trangkil Sukorejo Gunungpati Semarang City’s residential area can influence the occurrence of the landslide. In this study zoning is conducted to identifying the landslide vulnerable area and based on three main parameters that affect the occurrence of land movement, i.e., Geological Structure (A), Slope (B), and land use (C) according to weighted formula H (Weight) = ((0,24xA) + (0,38xB) + (0,38xC)). The result indicates that the southern part of the settlement is relatively safe than the northern part where the landslide vulnerability point is located, there is a fracture that can trigger the water entry through the weathered breccia.
Finger Edge Contour Perimeter as a Biometric Based Identification System
Authors: Widodo C E , Adi K
Published: June 2019

Generally, personal identification system is still done by conventional techniques, such as using ID cards, passwords or PIN numbers. These systems is easily lost, damaged or forgotten. In this paper we present a new method for identifying a person with a biometric based on palm of the hand. This system does not require a peg like an identification system based on existing hand geometry. Phase of development are: first, the palm image scanned in the RGB format is converted into a gray level. Then the image is converted to binary by giving the correct threshold value. From the binary image, we carry out the edge detection process to get the contour perimeter of the palm. From the contour perimeter of the palm, we measure the length of 8 edges contour perimeter of the fingers i.e. the right edge of the thumb, the left edge of the index finger, the right edge of the index finger, the left edge of middle finger, the right edge of middle finger, the left edge of pinkie, the right edge of pinkie, and the left edge of ring finger. The identification process is performed by minimum distance, which is the smallest euclidean distance value associated with the test image and database. The experimental results giving good performance with a success of up to 90%.
The biodegester flow distribution control system using pressure sensor MPX5700AP
Authors: Mufidah A N D , Setyawan A , Gunadi I , Suseno J E
Published: June 2019

One of the renewable alternative energy and has the potential to be developed is biogas energy. However, in its development there are still some obstacles, one of which is leakage on digester. This leakage is caused by excess gas pressure inside the digester, so the excess gas that should be used is wasted. In addition leaks on the digester can also cause air pollution and global warming. It is therefore necessary to design an effective by adding a controller as a pressure regulator of the biogas flow distribution. The MPX5700AP pressure sensor is installed to measure the pressure of the gas inside the digester. Excess gas in the next digester is flowed and accommodated in the container tube. Based on the research that has been done, can be produced an effective digester. With the automatic pressure control, the biogas distribution process becomes more optimal so as to minimize the exhaust gas from the digester.
The possibility of geothermal permeability detection by using seismic refraction method
Authors: Harmoko U , Yulianto G , Indriana R D
Published: June 2019

Jatirunggo geothermal field is a hot spring manifestation with temperatures ranges 35°C-38°C. Previous research by the resistivity method concluded that the Jatirunggo field as an outflow zone of a geothermal system. This study aim is demonstrating the possibility of the permeable geothermal zone detection by using seismic refraction method’s a complement of the geothermal conceptual model — the main research method by conducting refraction seismic. The method mainly applying active seismic wave to the media and identify the velocity properties of the pathway as a recording logger used 2D geode module which is consisting of 8 channels geophone by 5 meters geophone interval. The penetrating depth can reach 15 m - 20 m. Processing of velocity model has been used Hagiwara algorithm of 2 layers. The result shows velocity seismic recorded has a range of 138 m/s of topsoil layer up to 1742 m/s on the second layer. Based on the velocity model we can interpret the existence of a fault structure corresponding to the emergence of the hot springs, but the method was impenetrable up to the structured target.
Actived carbon from teak wood, jackfruit wood, and mango wood pyrolysis process
Authors: Ratnani R D , Purbacaraka F H , Hartati I , Syafaat I
Published: June 2019

Activated carbon is one of the basic needs in food processing. Activated carbon can be improved from rock, wood and bone processing. This study aims to determine the quality of activated carbon pyrolysis processing from various woods using high temperatures ranging from 500-750 °C. The wood to be made into activated carbon is teak, mango, and jackfruit. Where teak, mango, and jackfruit are the types of wood used for fuel in industrial tofu boilers. The results of this combustion usually only become waste as charcoal boiler waste. The results of combustion contain carbon which can be used as this activated carbon. The quality of activated carbon is seen from the quality test based on SII and SNI. The results of the tests carried out that the best quality activated carbon is activated carbon which is activated by using heat at a temperature of 750 °C with a water test value of 1.01%, evaporator 15.12%, 2.3 ash, carbon-bound 82, 5%, iodine uptake rate 314.15 mg/gram, crystalline rate 40.886% with XRD analysis, pore diameter 8,72 μm, and chemical composition (% b) 95.94% C, 0.33% SO3, 2.06 % chloride, 0.49% K2O, 0.79% Calcium oxide, and 0.38% Cuprum oxide using SEM-EDX.
Normal elements on the generalized moore penrose inverse
Authors: Udjiani SRRM T , Zaki S , Suryoto  , Harjito
Published: June 2019

In a ring with involution we already know that the Moore Penrose inverse can be used to construct the properties of normal elements. By using the fact that the group inverse of an element in a ring will be commutative with element which is commutative with that element, this paper explains that the generalization of Moore Penrose inverse can be also to establish some properties of normal elements in a ring with an involution. Some elements in the ring such as symmetric, EP, partial isometries, etc are also can be expressed in group inverse. So the results of this paper much be required for built the properties of those elements.
Applied Drazin Inverse to Moore-Penrose inverse in rings with involution
Authors: Tarmizi U , Udjiani SRRM T , Hariyanto S , Harjito  , Mansuri F A
Published: June 2019

Moore-Penrose inverse is one of development of generalized inverse. In this paper, we defined and studied a relation between the Moore-Penrose inverse and the Drazin inverse in the setting of rings with involution. The results of this paper are new characterizations of Moore-Penrose inverse by applying Drazin inverse with an algebraic proof.
Bayesian inference for the finite gamma mixture model of income distribution
Authors: Susanto I , Iriawan N , Kuswanto H , Suhartono
Published: June 2019

The income distribution model has provided an important aspect of economic inequality analysis. The determination of income inequality can be assisted by modeling a probability distribution of income which can be modeled by both parametric and nonparametric method. In the parametric perspective, the finite mixture distributions can perform a data-driven capability to model this income pattern of distributions which have particularly long-tailed, right-skewed and multimodal characteristics. The gamma distribution which has been widely used for estimating income distribution is used to develop the finite gamma mixture model which means the gamma distribution in each mixture component of the model. Bayesian approach pairs up with the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) which has a valid inference without depending on normality asymptotic condition is used to estimate this finite mixture model. In this paper, the household income which was constructed based on the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2014-2015 data was utilized to show the work of the Bayesian inference performance through MCMC algorithm in estimating the parameter of the finite gamma mixture model. The goodness-of-fit comparisons of proposed finite gamma mixture models were made based on the widely applicable information criteria (WAIC).
Exchange rate volatility and exports: a panel data analysis for 5 ASEAN countries
Authors: Subanti S , Hakim A R , Riani A L , Hakim I M , Nasir M S
Published: June 2019

The study of the effects of exchange rate volatility has still attracted the attention among economist, especially international economist. Because, if the exchange rate is unpredictable, it makes uncertainty about the profits to be gained, so this conditions may diminish the gain from international trade. In addition, some empirical literature provides various findings, where the exchange rate volatility has a positive effect on exports and can also negatively effect on exports. This paper wants to provide empirical evidence on both of these. It uses panel data involving five ASEAN countries with a period of 2000 – 2016. We also apply some analysis in panel data, such as the pooled least squares method, the fixed effect method, and the random effect method. The findings show that the exchange rate volatility has negative impact on exports. This paper suggests that each of central bank should pursue sustainable and stable exchange rate policy measures to promote greater exchange rate stability that would help to enhance the real exports of the economy.
Generalized extreme value distribution for value at risk analysis on gold price
Authors: Pratiwi N , Iswahyudi C , Safitri R I
Published: June 2019

Gold investment has some benefits, it’s not only safe in value but also easily stored, durable, and the rate of return is relatively stable even several years tends to rise. Gold prices give us positive and negative side depending on the different event. To managing the negative side of holding gold, the investor has to measure the risk of gold at a given period. The most popular measurement of gold investment risk is Value at Risk (VaR). Determination of inappropriate methods will make VaR calculations inaccurate. The gold’s price from year to year is suspected to have fat tail distributed (heavy tail), the Extreme Value Theory (EVT) is considered as precise methods to find VaR. In this study, the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) approach used in EVT estimated. GEV distribution identifies extreme values based on the maximum value of each block. Test results show that monthly block usage yield VaR value is more accurate than 0,899%. It means that for one coming period with a 95% confidence level the maximum loss that investors may experience is 0.899% of the total investment.
Locally D-optimal design for weighted exponential model and its computation
Authors: Widiharih T , Rusgiyono A , Sudarno  , Mukid M A , Prahutama A
Published: June 2019

Weighted exponential model is used as a growth curve. We introduce locally D-optimal design for weighted exponential model with three parameters. The assumption of this model ishomoscedastic error. D-optimal criterion is a criterion which is the value of standardized variance less than or same the number of parameters. The design in this paper, number of supported designis three and have same weight

1
3

. Determination of the supported designs by maximizing the determinant of the information matrix. We present this formula, this is a nonlinear model, so to maximizing it we use numerically aproach.
Analysis of space and classification poverty in Semarang City using spatial-logistic regression
Authors: Ispriyanti D , Prahutama A , Mustafid
Published: June 2019

The declining poverty rate becomes the priority of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the period of 2002 - 2017 poverty rate in Central Java experienced a decrease, as similarly found in Semarang city. Examining the factors affecting the poverty classification in Semarang city, therefore, is deemed important. The analysis used in this research was conducted by examining the spatial factors and classification of poverty levels by means of the logistic model. The logistic model resulted was found to be capable of classifying the poverty levels, and the spatial model used was capable of modeling each region. In modelling the binary logistic regression, a number of factors affecting the poverty classification included the number of family members, education certificates of the head of family, the main fuel used for cooking, and listed as the receiver of the rice for poor or not. Accuracy on the classification of binary logistic regression models reached 94.9%. For spatial modeling by means of Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), the dependent variable used referred to the number of underprivileged families in each sub-district. In GWR modeling, each sub-district had its own characteristics in modeling the number of underprivileged families in each sub-district in Semarang city.
Using C4.5 algorithm to predict students monthly payment on islamic boarding school
Authors: Istiana S R , Waspada I
Published: June 2019

Assalafi AlFithrah is islamic boarding school located in Meteseh Semarang. In 2012 until 2016, it received 262 students from various regions in Indonesia. Fulfillment of life necessities of students is one of the things that should be considered by boarding school management. The basic necessities of life is food, clothing, place, education and health care. The monthly payment needed to cover the necessities of students in Assalafi AlFithrah. There are number of students whos payment were delayed. From these problems, it was necessary to predict the delay of monthly payment to estimate whether students will be late to pay or not. Data mining as solution to predict the delay of the monthly payment on students. One of a robust classification technique of data mining on categorical data is C4.5. Experiment conducted based on Knowledge Discovery Database (KDD) with C4.5 algorithm resulted average accuracy 81.15%, with average value of precision 77.62% and average value of recall 91.90%. This Application can give recommendations for scholarship to poor families. With this application can improve service and trust of parents towards the survival of students in schools.
Simulation of Rainfall-runoff process using HEC-HMS model for Garang Watershed, Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Sarminingsih A , Rezagama A , Ridwan
Published: June 2019

Discharge data is one of the important data in evaluating the reliability of water resources management in the watershed. Most watersheds in Indonesia do not have observed discharge data over a long period. While the availability of rainfall data is almost available in all watersheds with a much longer period. Therefore, it is necessary to convert rain into a runoff to obtain a discharge event with a long period. Rain-runoff transformation is a very complex process. Rain input contains the variability of space, time and uncertainty. A very complex hydrological analysis is needed to find out various parameters related to rain models for a runoff. One of the hydrological models that can be used is HEC-HMS 4.2. This paper aims to analyze the relationship of rainfall - runoff in the Garang watershed using HEC-HMS 4.2. For calibration, observational discharge data is used from AWLR Kreo. Based on optimization analysis, the hydrological parameter are obtained CN composite 66.4, groundwater content 128.48 mm, Initial Abstraction 25.7 mm and imperviousness 9.27%. The validity of the model is quite satisfactory, judging from the correlation values, RMSE and Nash.