bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wacana Kelembagaan Dana Abadi Perguruan Tinggi Univeritas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa dalam Status Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Berbadan Hukum (PTN BH)
Authors: Ardiansyah Atih , Nurjuman Husnan
Published: September 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali wacana dan aspirasi civitas academica Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa tentang upaya institusi beralih dari Badan Layanan Umum (BLU) ke Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Berbadan Hukum (PTN BH) serta kelembagaan dana abadi perguruan tinggi. Menjadi PTN BH merupakan momentum menjadi universitas kelas dunia sebagaimana tertuang dalam visi Untirta, karena ada otonomi dalam pengelolaan lembaga baik akademik maupun non akademik. Dana Abadi merupakan salah satu peluang pendanaan mewujudkan cita-cita itu. Melalui donasi publik, hibah, dana CSR dan sebagainya Untirta dalam melakukan skema investasi yang baik sebagai sumber pendanaan yang berkelanjutan. Untirta bisa mengadopsi bentuk kelembagaan dana abadi dari kampus-kampus PTNBH yang sudah lebih dulu menjalankan dana abadi seperti ITB, ITS, UI, IPB University dan lain-lain. Meski demikian, di kalangan civitas academica Untirta, baik PTN BH maupun dana abadi perguruan tinggi belum tersosialisasikan dengan baik sehingga sentimen negatif di kalangan mahasiswa begitu dominan.Kata Kunci: Untirta, PTNBH, dana abadi perguruan tinggi AbstractThis research aims to explore the discourse and aspirations of the academic community of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University about the institution's efforts to switch from the Public Service Agency (BLU) to the State University with Legal Status (PTN BH) and the institution of university endowment funds. Becoming a PTN BH is a momentum to become a world-class university as stated in Untirta's vision, because there is autonomy in the management of institutions both academic and non-academic. Endowment Fund is one of the funding opportunities to realize this goal. Through public donations, grants, CSR funds and so on, Untirta can make a good investment scheme as a sustainable source of funding. Untirta can adopt the institutional form of endowment funds from PTNBH campuses that have already run endowment funds such as ITB, ITS, UI, IPB University and others. However, among the academic community of Untirta, both PTN BH and university endowment funds have not been well socialized so that negative sentiments among students are dominant.Keywords: untirta, PTNBH, university endowment fund
Menggali Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas V Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Melalui Media Papan Ular Tangga Berbasis Budaya
Authors: Zakki Susanto Moh. , Rita Fiantika Feny
Published: September 2024

Policies carried out by the education government over time have changed, especially the current curriculum which has changed to an independent curriculum. Teachers have an important role in the success of the applicable curriculum, especially teachers in implementing math learning. The independent curriculum for grade V mathematics has angle material which students believe is still difficult to learn because of the lack of using critical thinking skills, angle material is also related to mathematical problems in learning. Culture is often forgotten by students today, researchers have a solution, namely using learning media in the form of snakes and ladders boards containing cultures in Indonesia. This research uses descriptive qualitative research to explain in detail what happened during the research, the researcher chose one of the students, namely subject NP as a high ability representative. Subject NP fits the criteria for critical thinking skills in solving problems, starting from how to answer and provide reasons for his answers. The researcher believes that the use of learning media is very effective in improving student understanding when students do not understand what is being learned.
Analisa Risiko Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) dengan Menggunakan Metode Hirarc di PT. Otomotif
Authors: Maulana Dede , Insan Waluya Aris , Suryadi Suryadi
Published: September 2024

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Control, or HIRARC, is a technique for detecting hazards that is used to calculate risk values and classify them into work-related hazards in order to define the risk control that is applied to each ongoing activity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and control risks related to occupational safety and health hazards in the charging area of PT. Otomotif. This kind of study combines a descriptive methodology with a qualitative approach. The analysis conducted in the work area of PT. Otomotif's charging area revealed 38 possible dangers, which were categorized into four categories: Low Risk, Medium Risk, High Risk, and Extreme Risk. Controls carried out to reduce the possibility of work accidents include making conveyor bearing covers, making off charge alarms, replacing larger roller materials, adding APD Aprone longan and others.
Escola sem Partido: formação docente na base da discussão
Authors: Silva Eva Cristina da , Romagnani Patrícia
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O presente trabalho apresenta o Movimento Escola sem Partido (MEsP) como um retorno ao ethos autoritário, demarcado especialmente durante a Ditadura Militar no Brasil, e suas implicações na formação docente. O estudo busca compreender as raízes do autoritarismo e conservadorismo no Brasil, suas influências nas políticas públicas educacionais, e como o MEsP impacta a formação docente no Brasil, reforçando práticas conservadoras que desestimulam o pensamento crítico e a educação emancipadora. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como bibliográfica e qualitativa, sendo baseada na análise crítica de documentos, leis, projetos de lei e literatura especializada, utilizando autores como Paulo Freire e Gert Biesta para contrastar as perspectivas autoritárias com teorias de educação libertária. Os resultados indicam que o MEsP exerce uma influência significativa na formação docente, limitando a liberdade pedagógica, incentivando a autocensura entre educadores e promovendo uma educação reprodutivista. Também se identifica que o MEsP faz parte de um projeto político conservador que visa controlar ideologicamente o sistema educacional. O MEsP representa uma ameaça direta à formação docente crítica e à liberdade acadêmica no Brasil. Uma educação verdadeiramente democrática deve ser baseada no pluralismo de ideias e na promoção do pensamento crítico, sendo necessário realizar estudos adicionais para avaliar o impacto do MEsP e as estratégias de resistência a ele.
Employee e-Recruitment using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Algorithm at PT Krakatau IT
Authors: Megayanti Anita , Ritonga Roy Amrullah , Rizqi Via Fajriyatin , Rizqi Via Fajriyatin
Published: September 2024

Recruitment aims to get the right people according to criteria that suit the company's conditions and needs. Currently in Krakatau IT the recruitment system is implemented manually using the stages of receiving files in hardcopy or still using company email, carrying out written tests directly in paper form. This requires a long time in the process of file selection and assessment of test results. To overcome this problem, an online recruitment system is needed, starting from publishing job requirements/vacancies, selection stages and online assessments. This e-recruitment can make decision making easier, from identifying problems to selecting the right data. The decision-making methodology in designing e-recruitment uses the simple additive weighting (SAW) method can help improve the fit between employees and their roles, which can contribute to better performance so that employee selection is based on criteria that match job requirements.
Development of Android-Based Banten Cultural Introduction Media for Children at the Amanah As-Sodiqiah Rajeg Orphanage
Authors: Saputri Fiqih Hana , Br Bangun Eka Uliyanti Putri , Usni Al Asmaul
Published: September 2024

This research started with the demand for innovation in the world of learning, along with the increasingly rapid development of technology that is beneficial to the world of education, one of which is the use of Android-based educational games to introduce Banten culture. This research aims to make it easier for orphanage children to learn about Banten culture in Indonesia. Another reason for the purpose of making this educational game is none other than to get an idea of the differences in the results of foster children's knowledge between educational games and books of knowledge. The software that I use is Construct 2. The research uses data collection methods and a problem approach which includes literature, observation, design and testing and implementation. The result shows that the application has been created has a percentage of 79.42% where this value means that this application is fairly good.
Circular Economy in Architecture: Reducing Waste and Promoting Reuse in Construction
Authors: Okhale Ahusimhenre Oghinan
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the concept of circular economy within the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industries. It examines the evolution of the circular economy framework from the traditional 4R model to more expansive 9R and 10R iterations. The study investigates the challenges and opportunities in implementing circular economy principles in Nigeria's AEC sector, considering its significant contribution to the country's GDP and potential for sustainable economic development. By analysing the relationship between construction activities and economic growth, this research aims to provide insights into the transformative potential of circular economy practices in AEC industry and its broader implications for national development.
DEIA: On Paper or in Practice? A Study on the Impact of Authentic and Inauthentic Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA) Initiatives in Indian Organizations
Authors: Milind Karmarkar Gautami
Published: September 2024

This study explores the influence of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA) practices on employees, focusing on the distinction between authentic and inauthentic DEIA initiatives. Through a survey of 212 participants, the study evaluates organizational commitment, motivation, and team dynamics in workplaces with varying levels of DEIA authenticity. Results demonstrate that employees in organizations with authentic DEIA practices report significantly higher levels of organizational commitment, motivation, and positive team dynamics compared to those in inauthentic organizations. These findings underscore the importance of genuine DEIA efforts for enhancing employee experience and organizational performance. Future research should focus on the leadership's role in fostering authentic DEIA practices.
Physical Conditions That Led to the Detection of the Pair Annihilation Line in the Brightest-of-all-time GRB 221009A
Authors: Pe’er Asaf , Zhang Bing
Published: September 2024

The brightest-of-all-time GRB 221009A shows evidence for a narrow evolving MeV emission line. Here, we show that this line is due to pair annihilation in the prompt emission region and that its temporal evolution is naturally explained as a high-latitude emission (emission from higher angles from the line of sight) after prompt emission is over. We consider both the high and low optical depth for pair production regimes and find acceptable solutions, with the gamma-ray burst (GRB) Lorentz factor Γ ≈ 600 and the emission radius r ≳ 1016.5 cm. We discuss the conditions for the appearance of such a line and show that a unique combination of high luminosity and Lorentz factor that is in a fairly narrow range are required for the line detection. This explains why such an annihilation line is rarely observed in GRBs.
An annotated reference library for supporting DNA metabarcoding analysis of aquatic macroinvertebrates in French freshwater environments
Authors: Gauvin Paula , Eme David , Domaizon Isabelle , Rimet Frederic
Published: September 2024

Freshwater ecosystems are increasingly threatened by human activities, leading to biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation. Effective biodiversity monitoring, particularly through the use of aquatic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators, is crucial for assessing ecological health. While traditional morphological methods face limitations, DNA metabarcoding offers higher accuracy and efficiency in species identification using environmental DNA. However, the success of metabarcoding is contingent on the quality of reference libraries, which are often incomplete or biased. This study aimed to construct a comprehensive COI-based DNA barcode library for freshwater macroinvertebrates in France, specifically targeting short gene regions amplified with fwhF2/fwhR2N primers, suitable for degraded DNA. A list of species occurring in French freshwater ecosystems was established from official national checklists and Alpine lake surveys. The resulting library was analyzed for taxonomic completeness, barcode coverage and genetic diversity. The checklist consisted of 2,841 species across 10 phyla, for which 56% had at least one COI-5P sequences available in the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). Alignment challenges with the primers were identified for certain taxa, particularly among Coleoptera, Diptera, and Malacostraca. The genetic diversity approached by the number of haplotypes per species highlighted that most of the species have limited diversity, with only 3 species having more than 100 haplotypes. Finally, this study showed that a total of 57 haplotypes were shared among 116 distinct species. This work emphasized the need for expanded sequencing efforts to improve barcode coverage and highlighted the pitfalls associated with the use of these primers for further biodiversity assessment of macroinvertebrates with degraded DNA.
1. Avant-propos : Économie et religion. L’économie entre sécularisation et sacralisation
Authors: Mardellat Patrick
Published: September 2024

Cet article vise à présenter la spécificité de la confrontation entre économie et religion dans une perspective de philosophie économique. Économie et religion n’y sont pas définis de l’extérieur, mais de l’intérieur de chacune de ces dimensions de la condition humaine, à partir de l’esprit propre qui les caractérise, sans les disqualifier a priori comme étant illusoire ou scientiste. Il apparaît alors qu’à l’intérieur de chacune de ces dimensions deux formes se trouvent opposées comme bonne ou mauvaise, bonne économie opposée à mauvaise économie, bonne attitude religieuse opposée à mauvaise attitude religieuse. Cette évaluation éthique mobilise toujours l’autre dimension pour disqualifier une pratique, économique ou religieuse, comme mauvaise, comme si chaque domaine avait besoin de l’autre pour légitimer le bon esprit à avoir.
6. Accumulation du capital et humanité profanée. Luxemburg, Robinson, Arendt
Authors: Pouchol Marlyse
Published: September 2024

Joan Robinson, économiste proche de Keynes et Hannah Arendt, confrontée au totalitarisme et théoricienne de la politique, ont, toutes les deux, accordé de l’importance à L’accumulation du capital , ouvrage de 1913, que Rosa Luxemburg a rédigé en prenant des distances avec une partie de l’analyse de Marx. Luxemburg saisit une « logique d’expansion pour l’expansion », caractéristique d’un capital financier poussé à fournir des fonds à toutes sortes d’entreprises sur l’ensemble de la planète, qui finit par transformer la relation des États avec leur population. Le maintien de ce processus exige que les êtres humains sacrifient leur monde et adoptent une identité économique qui constitue une profanation de leur humanité.
7. Sacrifice, destruction créatrice et cycles du capitalisme : la (dé)-raison sacrificielle de l’économie
Authors: Mardellat Patrick
Published: September 2024

L’expression de « destruction créatrice » associée au nom de Schumpeter capture l’idée d’un processus qui est à l’origine de l’évolution économique du capitalisme, mais son sens plus profond, va bien au-delà de l’usage technique qu’en font les économistes. Il s’agit dans cet article de proposer une déconstruction de cette expression afin de faire ressortir un sens qui déborde l’intention des économistes, mais révèle au fond l’impensé du capitalisme, à savoir la dimension sacrificielle des innovations incessantes et de leurs effets sur le monde. Après avoir présenté les enjeux du questionnement, l’article se propose de passer d’une approche d’histoire de la pensée économique de cette notion, à une approche de philosophie économique qui la met en rapport avec la philosophie de la vie courante à l’époque de Schumpeter, pour enfin développer une approche métaphysique sur la dimension sacrificielle du capitalisme.
« Cliometrics and the Nobel » : Claudia Goldin, trente ans après
Authors: Perrin Faustine , Diebolt Claude
Published: September 2024

En octobre 2023, Claudia Goldin, professeure à l’Université de Harvard, a été récompensée par l’attribution du Prix Nobel de Sciences Économiques, en reconnaissance de ses contributions pionnières à l’économie, notamment pour son analyse approfondie de la place des femmes sur le marché du travail. Goldin a, en effet, exploré l’évolution du revenu et la participation des femmes au marché du travail dans la longue durée, mettant en évidence les causes de ces changements et les raisons de la persistance des inégalités entre hommes et femmes. Première femme titularisée au Département d’économie de Harvard et désormais première femme à remporter seule le Prix Nobel d’économie, son parcours illustre le franchissement des barrières académiques et l’élargissement des horizons. Ses recherches ont joué un rôle clé dans la reconnaissance et la valorisation du rôle des femmes dans le domaine économique, motivant ainsi une nouvelle génération de chercheurs à intégrer les dynamiques de genre et les perspectives à long terme dans leurs travaux.
Overdog Team, Underdog Team and the Philosophy of Soccer Team Ranking
Authors: Chantreuil Frédéric , Courtin Sébastien , Dagnelie Olivier
Published: September 2024

La méthode de Ramanujacharyula [1964], appliquée dans le domaine sportif, permet de déterminer le rang d’une équipe en tenant compte à la fois de la force des équipes qu’elle bat, ainsi que de la force des équipes qui l’ont battue. Nous analysons les changements dans les classements finals de cinq championnats de football (Angleterre, France, Allemagne, Italie et Espagne), induits par l’utilisation de la méthode de classement de Ramanujacharyula au cours de la période 1946-2016. La mesure de Kemeny est ensuite appliquée pour établir une méthode de classement qui refléterait au mieux la philosophie promue par la méthode Ramanujacharyula. Nous montrons que la règle de classement (2 points pour une victoire, 1 point pour un match nul et 0 pour une défaite) est ce que nous considérons comme la meilleure méthode. JEL Classification Numbers: Z20; D71
China global television network français, la télévision (numérique) comme instrument de la « guerre politique » chinoise
Authors: Palla Sébastien
Published: September 2024

Depuis le début des années 2000, la Chine a mis en place une doctrine de « guerre politique » visant à obtenir une hégémonie mondiale sans combattre par la force militaire. Cette « guerre politique » s’illustre particulièrement dans les médias dirigés par le Parti Communiste Chinois. En les analysant, nous pouvons alors comprendre les frontières et la mise en pratique de cette guerre. En se servant de CGTN Français comme d’un instrument visant à diffuser le discours diplomatique chinois, défendre l’image de la Chine, toucher des publics d’Afrique francophone et dénigrer les pays occidentaux, le Parti Communiste Chinois démontre sa volonté d’influencer à large échelle. L’analyse de sa diffusion en ligne nous permet toutefois de montrer les limites d’une telle conception en soulignant le manque de résultat et l’incapacité de la chaîne à apprendre de ses succès.
Facebook comme acteur des relations internationales
Authors: Mattelart Tristan
Published: September 2024

Cet article analyse en détail le projet Internet.org mis en place par Facebook, visant à connecter les pays en développement à internet – projet qui constitue un véritable laboratoire pour cerner le rôle que les grandes plateformes numériques entendent jouer en tant qu’acteurs des relations internationales. Inscrit dans la continuité des travaux de l’économie politique internationale, l’article étudie comment, au travers d’Internet.org, cette entreprise s’est efforcée d’exploiter, pour son plus grand bénéfice, les marchés en devenir des pays des Suds, mais aussi comment, par ce biais, elle s’est érigée en acteur pouvant résoudre leurs problèmes de développement socio-économique. Il montre comment, en investissant ce domaine, Facebook a promu une vision très spécifique de ce que le développement doit être, en accord avec ses propres intérêts – une vision que la firme s’est efforcée de faire partager à une échelle globale, au travers d’une véritable offensive diplomatique. La stratégie poursuivie par Facebook dans ce cadre et le discours la légitimant sont cernés à partir d’un abondant corpus constitué de documents produits par l’entreprise et son dirigeant, Mark Zuckerberg.
La définition de la participation des polices municipales françaises à la production locale de l’ordre
Authors: Mével Adrien
Published: September 2024

L’activité des polices municipales des trois grandes villes françaises étudiées dans l’article s’organise, sous l’effet de la commande politique, autour de deux missions centrales : la contention de l’économie illicite et le contrôle des populations marginales ; dans le même temps, le temps consacré à la gestion des véhicules se réduit par délégation aux agents de surveillance de la voie publique (ASVP). Des différences subsistent néanmoins entre villes sur le plan de la recherche du flagrant délit et de la réponse aux appels 17. Les caractéristiques organisationnelles de chaque police municipale délimitent sa capacité à investir ces tâches, mais elles n’expliquent pas à elles seules les écarts constatés : la police nationale joue aussi un rôle de définition du mandat de la police municipale, selon qu’elle lui délègue des missions ou la tient à distance.
Le sens de l’école
Authors: Prairat Eirick
Published: September 2024

Ce texte précise le sens de l’École dans la pensée de la philosophe Hannah Arendt. Quatre caractéristiques sont mises en évidence : une caractéristique philosophique (l’École, un lieu où l’on présente le monde), une caractéristique institutionnelle (l’école, un conservatoire culturel), une caractéristique anthropologique (l’école, un espace prépolitique) et une caractéristique sociopolitique (l’école, une institution publique). Cette lecture de l’école arendtienne permet de dessiner en creux le portrait de celui qui a pour tâche de faire connaître le monde, et qui n’est autre que le professeur. Si la pensée de Hannah Arendt est une pensée stimulante, elle n’échappe pas pour autant à la critique. C’est l’objet de l’ultime section de ce texte.
Hannah Arendt, figure inspirante pour la formation en éthique des ingénieurs
Authors: Didier Christelle
Published: September 2024

Selon Hannah Arendt, l’éducation doit se limiter à l’école, tandis que la mission de l’enseignement supérieur est de transmettre des savoirs pour former des citoyens capables de penser librement. Cet article défend l’idée que « l’apprentissage du monde » a toute sa place dans l’enseignement supérieur, en particulier dans la formation des ingénieurs : pour renforcer leur sentiment de responsabilité envers autrui et les générations futures et leur capacité à prendre soin du monde, que leur métier pourrait facilement faire oublier du fait de sa complexité (dilution des responsabilités, effets partiellement inconnus, souvent distants…). Les concepts arendtiens d’aliénation (de la terre et du monde) et de banalité du mal sont mobilisés afin de redéfinir la responsabilité professionnelle des ingénieurs et proposer des pistes pour leur formation éthique qui soit à la fois morale et politique.
Performances, records et olympismes alternatifs durant l’entre-deux-guerres
Authors: Dumas Clément
Published: September 2024

Cet article propose une histoire comparée des performances sportives, en prenant comme objet d’étude les olympiades alternatives de l’entre-deux-guerres, organisées par des mouvements sportifs en rupture avec le Comité International Olympique pour des motifs institutionnels et politiques. L’analyse de la presse et des bulletins publiés par les mouvements affinitaires (féminin, juif et ouvrier) montre que la performance et sa quantification constituent des leviers d’affirmation et de légitimation. La comparaison chiffrée des résultats révèle un niveau athlétique inférieur à celui du mouvement olympique, en raison des fragilités structurelles des mouvements sportifs alternatifs, même si des performances ponctuellement de haut niveau sont réalisées, en raison de structures et de méthodes d’entraînement plus avancées dans certains États. Comme l’illustrent les exemples des sportifs soviétiques et des sportives dont la féminité est remise en question, les records établis dans les olympiades alternatives éveillent les passions sportives, révélatrices des tensions politiques et sociales de l’entre-deux-guerres.
Les kinésithérapeutes et leurs tentatives de mobilités sociales : le cas de la spécialisation sportive
Authors: Rollon Jérémy
Published: September 2024

Ce travail s’intéresse aux kinésithérapeutes à travers leurs pratiques liées au sport. Grâce à une enquête par entretiens semi-dirigés auprès d’étudiants, de travailleurs et d’enseignants du métier, il est montré que cette pratique est à relier à la position dominée de la kinésithérapie au sein du champ médical. Les caractéristiques sociales des impétrants et leur rapport au métier alimentent des demandes de mobilité sociale dans un champ très hiérarchisé. L’une des ressources consiste alors en l’investissement de positions perçues comme moins soumises à la hiérarchie médicale. C’est le cas de la pratique de la kinésithérapie du sport. Celle-ci est permise par une culture sportive très présente chez les kinésithérapeutes, qui leur permet de s’investir de façon légitime auprès de sportifs.
Severe Sleep Disturbances in Persons With Dementia With REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Family Caregivers: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Ju Eunae , Guo Yuqing , Burton Candace , Kim Julie , Lee Jung-Ah
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Coexisting dementia and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) can negatively impact persons with dementia (PWD) and their family caregivers. Little research has investigated the relationship of sleep disturbance (i.e., RBD) in PWD–caregiver dyads who live together. Thus, we aimed to examine the impact of RBD symptoms on sleep quality of PWD and their family caregivers and describe sleep interrelationships.

Method

This mixed methods study analyzed qualitative and quantitative data (wearable devices, semi-structured interviews, sleep diaries, and sleep quality surveys). Two dyads' sleep parameters and sleep experiences are reported.

Results

Findings demonstrated that RBD symptoms in PWD affected sleep quality negatively (frequent awakening during the night and shortened deep sleep).

Conclusion

Current findings highlight the importance of RBD assessment and management for PWD, as it could help improve caregivers' and PWDs' sleep quality and well-being. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17
(5), 247–255.]
Profile of the grain physical traits and physicochemical properties of selected Malaysian rice landraces for future use in a breeding program
Authors: Rahman Site Noorzuraini Abd , Nulit Rosimah , Zaman Faridah Qamaruz , Nasir Khairun Hisam , Ibrahim Mohd Hafiz , Othman Mohd Ramdzan , Rahim Nur Idayu Abd , Sebaweh Nor Sufiah
Published: September 2024

Malaysia is currently experiencing the same scenario as other countries, as the majority of consumers have shifted their preferences from locally produced rice to imported rice. This has resulted in a significant influx of imported rice into the domestic markets. Food security in the long term cannot be achieved by depending on imported food. Therefore, countries must make an effort to develop high-quality rice to meet the demand of customers. The study aimed to evaluate the grain physical traits and physicochemical properties of 30 Malaysian rice landraces to optimize the use of rice landraces in breeding programs. The grain physical traits were evaluated according to grain size, grain shape, and kernel elongation. Meanwhile, the physicochemical properties were determined by amylose content, alkali spreading value, and gel consistency. The grain length ranged from 4.14 to 8.16 mm and the grain width varied between 1.76 and 2.81 mm. The grain shapes were categorized into three types: medium, long and slender, and bold. Most of the rice landraces exhibited a low amylose content ranging from 16.07 to 19.83, while intermediate amylose content ranged from 20.00 to 23.80. The alkali spreading value showed that most of the rice landraces require an intermediate cooking time. The gel consistency exhibited a wide range, varying from soft to hard. The gel consistency exhibited the highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variance, with values of 42.44% and 41.88%, respectively. Most of the studied traits except for kernel elongation were identified as having high heritability and high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean. A dendrogram effectively revealed the genetic relationships among Malaysian rice landraces by generating three distinct clusters. Cluster Ⅰ was primarily composed of glutinous rice landraces with a low to very low amylose content and exhibited the highest mean values for gel consistency and kernel elongation. Cluster Ⅱ consisted of 13 rice landraces that had the highest mean value for milled grain length and grain shape. Cluster Ⅲ was composed of rice landraces and control rice cultivars, and they exhibited the highest mean values for alkali spreading value, amylose content, and milled grain width. Bokilong, Kolomintuhon, Silou, Tutumoh, and Bidor in Cluster Ⅲ exhibited comparable physicochemical properties and cooking quality traits as the control rice cultivars. The findings of this study are important for identifying potential donors for breeding programs focused on developing high-quality or specialty rice cultivars.
Joan Oró Florensa: centenario de un científico universal
Authors: López García Iván
Published: September 2024

Joan Oró Florensa (1923-2004), al mismo tiempo que fue un destacado científico del siglo XX, es una de las figuras más desconocidas y olvidadas por parte de la historiografía de la ciencia contemporánea. Su destacado papel en las primeras investigaciones sobre el origen de la vida, en los análisis bioquímicos de las muestras lunares recogidas en la misión Apollo 11, así como su decisiva participación en los experimentos biológicos de la misión Viking ―entre otras importantes aportaciones―, ameritan con mucho el inicio de estudios históricos que atiendan y analicen pormenorizadamente alguna de las dimensiones de su poliédrica figura. Este artículo, que analiza su figura y aportaciones en el contexto histórico y científico en el que se desarrollaron y utiliza el archivo inédito de Joan Oró, busca conmemorarlo en el centenario de su nacimiento (2023) y contribuir a los estudios historiográficos sobre el bioquímico español.
Análise da cadeia de valor do leite em Palmas -TO: caracterização, gargalos e estratégias de upgrading
Authors: POLASTRINI ALESSANDRA , Pedroza Filho Manoel Xavier
Published: September 2024

Este artigo objetivou compreender as barreiras que dificultam a inclusão econômica dos produtores de leite da região de Palmas –TO e propor estratégias que melhorem sua posição na cadeia de valor. O arcabouço teórico utilizado foi o de Cadeia Global de Valor, focando no upgrading. Os dados primários foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas presenciais com os atores da cadeia, sendo a amostragem feita de forma sequencial orientada do tipo Snow Ball. Foram entrevistados 65 atores da cadeia. Predominam os pequenos produtores com um baixo nível tecnológico e idosos. Na produção, as maiores barreiras incluem problemas relacionados à alimentação animal e custo de produção. As barreiras à comercialização incluem a falta de adequação às normas e a comercialização dos produtos. Como estratégia de upgrading se destacam as certificações. A cadeia é fundamental para o desenvolvimento regional, mas é necessário que haja maior especialização e organização produtiva.
Experimental Study of Damage Energy on the Bow of a Vessel with Second-Generation Viscoelastic Layers for the Galápagos Islands
Authors: Townsend Patrick , Zamora-Zamora Jaime J. , Arias Pilco Walter Geanpierre , Suárez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2024

Experimental study of the damage energy is a reproduction of the GFRP vessels’ slamming in the sea. The investigation was carried out to the laboratories by the construction of two types of GFRP panels: viscoelastic and non- viscoelastic modified. Through a bending test, the data collection was developed to get the measurement of the variables in key points. The obtained results showed an expected behavior because the modified specimens were able to spread the force induced from the center to the edges. Besides, the damage energy in the modified panels return in bigger amounts than the unmodified. Flexibility demonstrated a higher rate of increase in the unmodified panels, indicating that the viscoelastic layer contributed to the stiffness increment in the modified panel. In conclusion, viscoelastic materials help to dissipate the energy absorbed by the structure, elongating the lifetime. Also, this study expands the basic knowledge of viscoelastic materials’ behavior in the GFRP planing hull vessels.
Evaluation of Neural Network and Logit Models for Classification of Default in Banking Loans
Authors: López Flores Walter Jeremías
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance of neural networks as modern techniques to classify the risk of default against the traditional Logit statistical method, taking a Honduran bank as a case study. The data was obtained from its credit portfolio made up of 38,156 personal loans and 9 available characteristics, choosing the most representative independent variables to design a Multilayer Perceptron type base model and its Logit equivalent to which characteristics were added to analyze their impact on the classification of the dependent variable Default, leaving in the end a network with an input layer of 8 nodes, 4 hidden dense layers of 20 and 24 nodes, a central dropout layer and a node in the output layer as well as an equivalent logistic regression to compare the performance of both. The results with unbalanced data showed a superior performance of the networks, but when applying SMOTE oversampling, although there was no greater impact on the network, there was in the regressions, concluding that these learn to classify loan default better when the data subsets are balanced in the class of the response variable since its new results almost reached those of the neural network, which was finally chosen as the preferred model for its implementation with an accuracy of 99.16%, precision of 99.47%, sensitivity of 99.59%, specificity of 95.48 %, F1 score of 99.53% and ROC and PR curves with AUC of 98.68% and 97.69% respectively.
Convolutional Neural Network for the Detection of Cocoa Maturity with an Approach for the Analysis of Images Captured at Different Distances
Authors: Rivera José Antonio Menjivar , Reyes-Duke Alicia María
Published: September 2024

This study presents an approach to improve cocoa harvesting using image recognition technology. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) along with the help of the Roboflow platform were used to analyze images of cocoa fruits and determine their maturity stage in an uncontrolled environment. The study focused mainly on the effectiveness of taking pictures at different distances, dividing the images into three categories (0.10m-0.30m, 0.30m-1.00m and 1.00m-3.00m) each trained with 400 images in order to evaluate the performance of each one in terms of its mAP, precision and recall. Subsequently, a fourth neural network was developed using all the data collected, with a total of 1,200 images used for training, among which 3,255 unripe cocoa fruits and 2,555 ripe cocoa fruits were found. The results obtained were a mAP of 92.3%, accuracy of 91.6% and recall of 85.1%, demonstrating the high accuracy of the model in the classification of cocoa fruits. This neural network has the potential to improve the quality of the final product by accurately determining the state of maturity of the cocoa, which is essential for the industry.
Analysis of Variation in Coffee Cupping Tasting in Different Environments
Authors: Guerra Juan Carlos , Guardiola Leonel , Alvarado Joselyn , Perdomo María Elena
Published: September 2024

The study focuses on the variability in coffee sensory evaluation results across different environments. Two groups of tasters were selected to assess their performance in three types of settings: familiar and comfortable, with ambient noise, and with distinctive aromas. Although no notable anomalies were found in the scores attributed to the coffee, a discrepancy in the results of two tasters was observed, suggesting a potential influence of the environment on their sensory perceptions. However, statistical analyses did not show significant differences based on the environment. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the interaction between environmental factors and sensory experience to enhance the objectivity and reliability of coffee sensory.
Carbon Footprint in Bovine Fat Biodiesel Synthesis - Comparison Using Methanol or Ethanol
Authors: Córdova Manolo , Cabrera Omar , Ruíz Oscar , Barreno-Avila Enrique
Published: September 2024

Climate change makes the comparison of strategies to mitigate environmental impacts in the production of catalyzed biodiesel derived from animal fat waste a necessity. Transesterification of Bovine Kidney Fat (BKF) into biodiesel is feasible, but the utilized inputs can incur a substantial environmental cost, such as Carbon Footprint (CF). The utilization of Ethanol as a reagent for the transesterification of BKF presents a viable alternative that could influence the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Biodiesel and reduce its CF. This study compares the CF for the LCA of producing 1 kg of Biodiesel for a 1-6 Methanol-BKF and 1-9 Ethanol-BKF ratio, catalyzed by Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) at 0.35% at 60°C. The LCA was initially defined following ISO 14067:2018 standards, and subsequently, the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission Inventory was conducted for each stage of Biodiesel manufacturing. Ultimately, CF was calculated using CCalC2 software for the two examined conditions. Five processes were identified in the manufacturing of Biodiesel from BKF in the LCA stages. The CF for Biodiesel derived from BKF with Methanol is 4.36 kg CO2eq/FU, whereas the CF for Biodiesel derived from BKF with Ethanol + 5mol H2O is 0.246 kg CO2eq/FU. Enhanced environmental performance was evidenced using Ethanol + 5mol H2O for the LCA in BKF Biodiesel manufacturing, exhibiting a 1772.35% improvement over Methanol.
Coastal Fouling Impact in Solar Modules Efficiency in the Atlantic Region of Honduras
Authors: Terreros-Martínez Denia Loany , Reyes-Duke Alicia María
Published: September 2024

The efficiency of solar systems is affected by environmental factors, especially in coastal areas where dust accumulation on solar modules reduces output power. The growth of renewable energies has reduced dependence on fossil fuels, with photovoltaic solar energy being one of the most used due to its easy installation. However, fouling of solar modules can lead to losses in power generation. It is surprising that the sea and ocean spray are significant sources of dust. This study focuses on quantifying how sea fouling affects efficiency and causes power losses in solar modules in the coastal region of Honduras. In this study, these losses were quantified during 14 days in a month, making nine daily measurements on rooftop solar modules, leaving two reference modules (clean) and two test modules (dirty), finding average daily losses of up to 5.91% in monocrystalline module and 6.18% in polycrystalline module. Temperature, wind speed and particles of 0.3µm, 2.5µm and 10µm accumulated in the modules were related to the average power losses. It is highlighted that the 10µm particles are the most related to these losses, with an R2=0.9404 in monocrystalline and a R2=0.9191 in polycrystalline. These findings are fundamental for the design and installation of photovoltaic systems in coastal areas, as they highlight the importance of the losses in the design and installation of photovoltaic systems in coastal areas.
Hannah’s stigmatisation in 1 Samuel 1:6-8 in the modern Nigerian (Yoruba) context
Authors: Ademiluka Solomon O.
Published: September 2024

Unlike Hannah, who eventually had a child, there are women today who remain childless. In the modern world, there are various reasons why women choose not to have children. Therefore, when interpreting the Hannah narrative in modern times, it is important to consider these evolving aspects of barrenness. This article applies historical-critical exegesis, narrative reading and a descriptive approach to examine Hannah’s experience in the Nigerian context. It also evaluates African traditional beliefs on childlessness in light of modern realities. The study reveals that many women in pronatalist societies worldwide now choose to be child-free because of reasons such as difficulty finding marriage partners or financial instability. As these factors are also present in Nigeria, childless Nigerian women should embrace their situation and find happiness instead of succumbing to stigmatisation. To support these Christian women, the church in Nigeria must accept and teach the truth that not every woman needs to bear children.Contribution: This article contributes to the discussion on Christian attitudes towards childlessness. It argues that the interpretation of Hannah’s infertility in today’s world should consider new circumstances, such as voluntary childlessness. In light of this argument, Nigerian women without children should embrace their situation and find happiness instead of succumbing to societal stigma.
Youth exposure to violence and victimization in a South African community sample
Authors: Pillay Lingum G. , Pillay Basil J. , Sibanda Wilbert
Published: September 2024

Background: Studies show that youth in low socioeconomic communities suffer significant disturbances in mental and emotional health because of exposure to violence and peer victimisation, manifesting in internalising disorders such as depression, anxiety and traumatic stress.Aim: To examine the relation between risks and exposure to community violence and peer victimisation.Setting: Low socioeconomic communities in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: Data were collected via school and home interviews with youth and maternal caregivers using standardised schedules and instruments. These included the Demographics and Questions about Child’s Health schedule, the Family History of Risk Questionnaire, the Child Behaviour Checklist, the Social Experiences Questionnaire and the Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence. Youth sample comprised 256 participants, with age range from 9 to 18 years, and 65% being female.Results: Sociodemographic risks were significantly associated with lifetime witnessing violence, victimisation and hearing about violence. Low maternal education was associated with overt peer victimisation and cyber-victimisation. Internalising conditions such as worry and oversensitivity, fear and concentration, youth anxiety and maternal anxiety were also significantly associated with violence exposure and peer victimisation.Conclusion: Predisposing risks for exposure to violence and victimisation occur in all domains, suggesting that interventions should target these domains to minimise their impact. Co-occurring experience of violence at the personal, proximal and distal levels perpetuate a cyclical loop of violence, intersecting and influencing each other.Contribution: Risk factors such as anxious attachment, avoidant attachment and anxiety, conceptually often seen as maladaptive outcomes, also serve as predisposing risks for violence exposure.
Magnetoencephalography Profile of Patients with Drug-Resistant Focal Epilepsy and Normal MRI
Authors: Asranna Ajay , Abdulhak Asheeb , Viswanathan Lakshminarayanapuram Gopal , Mundlamuri Ravindranandh Chowdary , Kenchaiah Raghavendra , Narayanan Mariyappa , Gautham Bhargava , Jayabal Velumurugan , Bharath Rose Dawn , Saini Jitender , Nagaraj Chandana , Mangalore Sandhya , Kulanthaivelu Karthik , Sadashiva Nishanth , Mahadevan A , Rajeswaran Jamuna , Arimappamagan Arivazhagan , Malla Bhaskara Rao , Sinha Sanjib
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives:

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) could be a valuable tool in the presurgical evaluation of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), especially when the initial evaluation is inconclusive. In this retrospective study, we describe the profile of MEG in patients with DRE and normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods:

We included patients with focal epilepsy and normal MRI who underwent presurgical evaluation for DRE. MEG profiles of these patients, including the frequency of spikes, density of clusters, number of clusters, and concordance with video electroencephalography (VEEG), were analyzed.

Results:

Of the 73 patients included, magnetic source imaging (MSI) provided localizing information in 51 (69.9%) patients. Among patients with localizing MEG findings, localizing information on VEEG too was noted in 42 (57.5% of the whole cohort). Thirty-one (42.5%) patients had concordant findings with region-specific localization, six (8.2%) patients had partial concordance, and five (6.8%) subjects showed discordant findings. There was a moderate agreement for the presumed epileptogenic zone in comparing findings derived from MEG and VEEG (kappa value of 0.451, P < 0.001). The agreement was lower when MEG localized to the frontal lobe (kappa value of 0.379, P = 0.001) than the temporal lobe (kappa value 0.442, P = 0.002).

Conclusions:

MEG can provide localizing information in most patients with a normal MRI. A moderate degree of agreement between localization by MEG and VEEG was noted. These findings highlight the usefulness of MSI in the presurgical evaluation of MRI-negative DRE.