bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM ALFAMART CLASS SEBAGAI SISTEM PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP KESIAPAN KERJA SISWA
Authors: Lukitasari Lutfi , Isharijadi Isharijadi , Astuti Elly
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas Program Alfamart Class terhadap kesiapan kerjasiswa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penilaian efektivitas didasarkan pada indikator yaitu kualitas program, ketepatan penyusunan, ketercapaian tujuan, ketepatan waktu, ketepatan pendayagunaan sarana dan prasarana, sumber belajar, kepuasan, keluwesan dan adaptasi, semangat kerja dan motivasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan Program Alfamart Class telah berjalan secara efektif. Program tersebutdapat meningkatkan kesiapan kerja siswa, hal ini dibuktikan dengan banyaknya lulusan yang direkrut oleh perusahaan paska pelaksanaan program. Siswa yang direkrut, tidak hanya pada perusahaan Alfamart saja tetapi juga pada perusahaan lain yang sejenis.
КРИТЕРІЇ ПОДІБНОСТІ ЛІНГВІСТИЧНИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ
Authors: БАКЛАН І.В. , ЛОГВИНЧУК А.І. , ШУЛЬКЕВИЧ Т.В.
Published: March 2020

Важливою складовою лінгвістичного підходу до виявлення аномалій у часових рядах є критерій, за яким оцінюється подібність двох моделей. Наявність аномалії встановлюється шляхом порівняння моделей. Саме від вибору критеріїв залежить можливість застосування лінгвістичного підходу до аналізу часових рядів різної природи. Для вчасної реакції на ситуацію важлива швидкість виявлення аномалії. Вибір критеріїв залежить від можливості застосування мовного підходу до аналізу часових рядів різного характеру. Розглянуті основні метрики схожості текстів Геммінга, Левенштейна, Джаро-Вінклєра та ін.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ ПРОГРАМНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА FACTORY I/O
Authors: ОМЕЛЬЧУК А.А. , ДМИТРІЄВ Д.О. , РУСАНОВ С.А. , ЛЕБЕДЕНКО Ю.О.
Published: March 2020

У статті обґрунтовується доцільність застосування комп’ютерного моделювання для навчальних лабораторних комплексів з метою підготовки фахівців у сфері автоматики, робототехніки і мехатроніки. Проаналізовано можливості спеціалізованого програмного забезпечення для віртуальної розробки та моделювання систем автоматики Factory I/O. Досліджено можливість інтеграції програми Factory I/O у склад лабораторного стенду і її взаємодії з сучасними програмованими логічними контролерами. Розглянуто основні компоненти і с кладові програми Factory I/O – аналоги реальних об’єктів, що використовуються на різноманітних виробництвах. Проаналізовано їх призначення і параметри. Планується розробка стенду, що складається з PLC Siemens S7-1200, персонального комп'ютера з встановленим програмним забезпеченням TIA Portal і Factory I/O з можливістю підключення до реальної конвеєрної лінії, що устаткована електродвигунами різних типів (кроковий двигун, сервопривод, двигун постійного струму) і низкою сенсорів.
ДІАГНОСТУВАННЯ СУДНОВОГО УСТАТКУВАННЯ ПРИ ВИКОРИСТАННІ РІЗНИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ ВІБРАЦІЇ
Authors: СВИРИДОВ В.І. , ФАЛЬЧЕНКО О.П.
Published: March 2020

Розглянуті моделі діагностики суднового устаткування та доцільність їх використання. Найбільш ефективними методами діагностування суднових машин та механізмів є віброакустичні методи, які використовують ту або іншу модель сигналу вібрації. Проаналізовано конкретні моделі вібрації в якості вібродіагностичних моделей. Проведено аналіз властивостей розглянутих моделей випадкових процесів, що характеризують різні процеси в теорії і при проведенні експериментальних досліджень. На підставі експериментальних досліджень знайшли підтвердження різні моделі, які дозволяють розробити і отримати практичні методи діагностування.
Адміністративний процес (загальна частина) : навчальний посібник
Authors:   Національний університет ", Ківалов Сергій Васильович ,   Одеська юридична академія", Осадчий Анатолій Юрійович , Закаленко Олена Василівна
Published: March 2020

У навчальному посібнику викладається матеріал загальної частини адміністративного процесу, як встановленого нормами права порядку розгляду і вирішення адміністративними судами віднесених до їх юрисдикції публічно-правових спрів та інших справ у випадках передбачених законом. Мета вивчення навчальної дисципліни «Адміністративний процес» полягає у формуванні серед здобувачів вищої освіти комплексного знання щодо предмету курсу, яке відповідає сучасним тенденціям розвитку адміністративного процесуального права. Підготовлено на основі освітньої програми підготовки здобувачів вищої освіти першого (бакалаврського) рівня в Національному університеті «Одеська юридична академія».
HUBUNGAN BEBAN KERJA DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA DENGAN STRES KERJA PERAWAT RUANGAN ICU DAN IGD
Authors: Badri Isna Aglusi
Published: March 2020

Stres kerja adalah suatu bentuk tanggapan seseorang, baik fisik maupun mental terhadap suatu perubahan di lingkungannya yang dirasakan mengganggu dan mengakibatkan dirinya terancam. Stres kerja perawat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan, kelebihan beban kerja, organisasi dan individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan beban kerja dan lingkungan kerja dengan stres kerja perawat ICU dan IGD di Rumah Sakit Harapan Bunda dan Rumah Sakit Camatha Sahidya Kota Batam. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian sebanyak 47 perawat. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah secara total sampling Hasil penelitian adalah perawat yang memiliki beban kerja berat sebanyak 55,3%, perawat memiliki lingkungan yang baik 53,2% dan perawat yang mengalami stres kerja berat sebanyak 53,2%. Setelah dilakukan uji statistik didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara beban kerja dan lingkungan kerja dengan stres kerja perawat (p<0.05). Manajemen Rumah Sakit Harapan Bunda dan Rumah Sakit Camatha Sahidya diharapkan untuk lebih meningkatkan lingkungan kerja yang kondusif, optimalkan sarana dan prasarana dan meningkatkan hubungan interpersonal yang baik dengan perawat.
The Long Game
Authors: Goronszy Dan
Published: March 2020

The Long Game explores one artwork, The Care Taker, iterated across multiple sites, as a slow and gentle resistance to current divisive political discourses in Australia. By placing a familiar domestic set in public spaces and asking participants to reveal something personal about themselves, the installation places a sense of intimacy and care in public places. Based in Social Acupuncture theory (O’Donnell, 2006) a site responsive practice produces iterations adapted to place, to engage diverse social and cultural audiences in suburban Australia. Using care, kindness and generosity as the foundations of each iteration, the artist considers how gentle transgression or activation of public space can open and connect strangers to each other, and hopefully inspire empathy and kindness which over time may contribute to social change.
Anti-monuments to the Immemorial. Exploring the how, why, and what next of our relationship to our environment.
Authors: Stanley Jessie
Published: March 2020

Monuments typify human habitation of place, memorialising ideologies of the prevailing power from moments in time. In recent decades, their form has undergone a revolution. Along with their transformation from the heavy permanence of monumentality, to the temporality of anti-monumental form — subject matter has also diametrically shifted from representing the state, to representing the marginalised. My practice-based research explores further the anti-monuments’ potential for social activism — to expand memorialisation beyond a human-centric narrative, to acknowledge the immemorial forces that shape place over deep time. An iterative creative process informs the major body of site-responsive works Human/Nature undertaken as Artist in Residence at Kyneton Botanic Gardens in regional Victoria, Australia, presented at the Kyneton Contemporary Art Triennial 2018.
Drawing on the site’s deep time environmental and ideological origins as transformative forces, I created a series of anti-monuments: activating public space as an experimental laboratory to explore and discover the how, why, and what next of our relationship to our environment.
City Branding and Public Space. An empirical analysis of Dolce & Gabbana’s Alta Moda event in Naples
Authors: Rossini Francesco , Nervino Esterina
Published: March 2020

This article focuses on the celebration of the thirtieth anniversary of D&G held in Naples in June 2016. For this event iconic places of the city were used as the backdrop of the Alta Moda Fall/Winter 2016 collection. For a few days, access to different areas of ‘Centro Storico’ (the Neapolitan’s downtown) were closed to the general public generating controversial opinions on the phenomenon of privatization of the public space. The study presents an empirical analysis of the video produced for the event and it focuses on the elements that characterize Naples as a cultural artifact capturing the authenticity of Southern Italy and simultaneously meeting the brand values of D&G. The findings revealed how the urban space becomes a tool to emphasize the core values of the fashion brand and how this process enhances the image of the city as a historical and cultural center, essence of Mediterranean and Italian culture.
Ten Years of Thinking, Making and Living co+labo radović 研究室
Authors: Radović Darko
Published: March 2020

The world we live not only enables, but it demands interaction with, and an awareness of cultural difference. My own involvement in research and education with and in cultures of the Other started long ago, with deliberate focusing on radical cultural difference since mid 1990s. Main aims behind those attempts remain as established in those early days (Bull et al., 2008; Radović 2003; 2004; 2005a): to acknowledge and celebrate the possibility and an inevitability of diverse, situated knowledges (Haraway, 1991), and to expose the risks associated with any foreign intervention – even when careful and best intended (Radović, 2005b). In order to develop the much needed, finely responsive and highly responsible interactions with cultures other than our own, polemological edge grounded in a strong value system, and “force theory to recognise its own limits” (Highmore, 2006) is necessary. Such interactions contain the possibility of discovering and opening a new paradigm, new ways of thinking the seeds of which (may) exist in the ways of the Other.
Placemaking in Practice. Lessons learned from activating public space on campus
Authors: Pannone Michelle , Riou Mathilde , Carvalho Diniz Elisa
Published: March 2020

University campuses offer unique environments rich with opportunities to test, challenge and innovate. Yearning for possibilities of social interaction and the need for better, livelier public spaces on campus, students from the Master of Urbanism Studies program at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, Sweden have facilitated Placemaking Week on campus for two consecutive years. The tools of placemaking were put into action as students organized the inaugural Placemaking Week at KTH. The project was collaborative by nature in every aspect of the process, challenging the students to navigate the complex interplay between public and private actors. To achieve the partnerships necessary to initiate Placemaking Week, stakeholder’s strategic drivers and potential roles were defined early in the process. All influential stakeholders were engaged, as understanding their concerns and working with them created strategic partnerships which otherwise may have acted as obstacles. These partnerships were important to the program’s sustainability, co-producing a long-term strategy together with the stakeholders as the cohort of students change each year.
Through the approach and execution of each Placemaking Week, the potential of placemaking as a tool to foster community was assessed, formally studied and documented for learning purposes. The results of this study demonstrated that space could be made livelier and provide better opportunities for people to spontaneously interact, even with stringently limited time and resources. Further, Placemaking Week has provided content for the campus plan and contributed to building a trust-based relationship among stakeholders. With each year, the implementation process enables these relationships grow. Finally, the recurrence of Placemaking Week, which has been executed for the third year in a row, shows positive signs of embedding itself in the campus and student culture.
Fungi Associated With Common Spices In Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Tusnim , Shamsi Shamim , Bashar MA
Published: March 2020

Association of fungi in chili (Capsicum fruticance L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) was investigated. A total of 19 species of fungi under ten genera and one sterile mycelial fungus was isolated from the three spices. Out of ten genera three belong to Phycomycetes, one genus belongs to Ascomycetes and rest belongs to Deuteromycetes. The most frequent contaminants of the spices were Aspergillus niger van Tieghem, A. flavus Link, Fusarium nivale, Pestalotia sp. and Rhizopus sp. Dried fruits of the spices showed maximum number of fungal association in comparison with the respective commercial brand powder samples. Out of three plant extracts. A. sativum was found to inhibit the growth of all the test isolates at all concentrations.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 40(2): 179-186, December 2014
Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles Using Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) As A Capping Agent
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Sharif , Miran Muhammed Shah , Md Rokonujjaman - , Susan Md Abu Bin Hasan , Mollah M Yousuf A , Rahman MM
Published: March 2020

Nickel nanoparticies (NNPs) were synthesized by reduction of nickel (II) using poiy(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a capping agent. The NNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The addition of PVA has been found to profoundly influence the size, agglomeration and distribution of NNPs. The average diameters of NNPs are in the range of 3-7 nm in presence of PVA. XRD data indicate that NNPs are crystalline with face centered cubic structures. SEM images show the existence of secondary structures such as clusters and loops resulted from interactions between particles. The sizes of the NNPs were by and large uniform due to the use of PVA as the capping agent. FT-IR and thermogravimetric analyses confirm the interaction of PVA w ith NNPs to offer improved thermal stability

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 40(2): 197-205, December 2014
Diabetic Foot and Peripheral Arterial Disease – The Worst Combination!
Authors: Uddin Mir Jamal , Islam AKM Monowarul
Published: March 2020

Abstract not available

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(1): 3-4
Haemorrhoidal LASER Procedure (HeLP)- A painless Treatment for Haemorrhoid
Authors: Rahman ASM ZAhidur , Rahman Tanjilur , Hasan Mehedi , Chandra Sushanta
Published: March 2020

Introduction: According to the vascular theory arterial overflow in the superior haemorrhoidal arteries would lead to dilatation of the haemorrhoidal venous plexus. The technique helps to promote the obliteration of the terminals of the superior rectal artery. The objective of this study is to describe the results of 100 patients with hemorrhoidal disease treated by the Hemorrhoidal LASER Procedure technique.

Method: Under SAB anesthesia terminal arteriole of the upper rectal arteries were fulgurated by fiber laser diode, causing interruption of hemorrhoidal flow. This procedure is repeated circumferentially, following the clockwise positions.This procedure can be performed as a day care surgery.

Results: Between January 2018 to January 2019, 100 patients underwent the Hemorrhoidal LASER Procedure technique for hemorrhoidal disease grades I, II and III. Total 100 patients were treated with HeLP procedure. Among them number of men was 81 and female was 19.The procedure proved to be successful at 3 month follow up of 92% patient. No major adverse effects or complications were reported. Post operative minor pain that required medication was 5 cases (5% patient). Postoperative minor bleeding was observed in 3 cases that were managed conservatively. At 3 month after procedure resolution of symptoms were observed in 88% cases with overall satisfaction rate was 89%. Significantly higher quality of life was observed in laser haemorrhoidal procedure.

Conclusion: Hemorrhoidal LASER Procedure is a painless outpatient technique .It is a safe, effective, improve symptoms & chance of cure is high compared to other conventional surgery. Similar benefits are seen for patient with severe anal spasm, external thrombosis, fissure and sentinel tags & fistula.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(1): 18-22
Clinical Profile and Co-morbidities of Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder in Bangladesh
Authors: Syed Sifat E , Mullick Mohammad  SI
Published: March 2020

Background: Among juvenile behavior disorders, Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) are predominant ones and are of great concern because of their high degree of impairment.

Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and National Institute of Mental Health, Dhaka, during the period from August 2011 to November 2012 with sample size of 81. During data collection, semi-structured questionnaire designed by the researcher containing socio-demographic variables and Developments and Well–Being Assessment (DAWBA) – self, parent and teacher version were used.

Results: Symptom profile showed that oppositional symptoms had no significant age or gender difference but aggressive symptoms, status offenses and property offenses were clearly more common among boys. Younger boys with Conduct disorder showed more aggressive symptoms, but status offense was more prevalent in older age group. Property offenses showed no age difference. Psychiatric co-morbidity was present in 48.1% respondents, among them; Attention- Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was highest (24.7%). ADHD was more prevalent in children with ODD and Major Depressive Disorder was more common in Conduct disorder. Total percentage of anxiety disorders was 14.8%.

Conclusion: This was the first study in Bangladesh exploring the clinical profiles of Conduct disorder and Oppositional defiant disorder in hospital setting. Absence of control group and city based study places were the limitations of the research.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(1): 29-34
Impact Of Socio-Economic Attributes On The Living Standards Of Females In Farming System Of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ullah TI , Anwer HN , Musa M , Sher F
Published: March 2020

In the context of farming, Punjab is bestowed with fertile land. It is a land of five rivers and friendly atmosphere for agriculture as well as for livestock. Majority of its population lives in rural areas and its major source of income is based on agriculture. Women are contributing a significant share in the field of farming. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of socio-economic factors on the living conditions of those women who are involved in any farming activities. The nature of study was quantitative. 400 women were selected through multiple sampling techniques from three different geographical zones of Punjab. The tool for data collection was interview schedule. Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) was used for quantitative analysis for enhancing the scope and validity of research. Bi-variate analysis was carried out for showing the relationship between variables. The study revealed positive as well as negative impacts on living conditions of women in this sector. This study shed a light on women participation as a farmer and its impact on their lives. The major suggestions were made after conducting the research that there should be proper training for women in agriculture sector. Proper health and education facilities should be provided to them and their children. Government should make policies to facilitate the women in farming system.

SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 53-66 (2019)
Optimization of Abs 3D-Printing Method and Parameters
Authors: Żur Paweł , Kołodziej Alicja , Baier Andrzej , Kokot Grzegorz
Published: March 2020

The paper presents research on the method of 3D-printing ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene). Series of specimens were 3D-printed in FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) technology with variable parameters. The influence of the following parameters has been checked: temperature of printing and infill density. Moreover, the material properties of raw, unprocessed ABS have been inspected. The tensile strength of specimens and Young’s modulus have been determined in a static tensile test. Tests were carried out in compliance with the ASTM D638-14 standard. Obtained results were then compared with the material datasheet. Optimum printing method has been defined. The carried out research resulted in optimizing the printing method for ABS vehicle parts applied in Silesian Greenpower electric car. The car has been developed by students of The Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice, Poland as an interfaculty students’ project. Results of the tensile test research have been analysed and discussed and conclusions have been presented in the following article.
Micro-Mobility Infrastructure for Redefining Urban Mobility
Authors: Madapur Bhagyalaxmi , Madangopal Shilpa , Chandrashekar M. N.
Published: March 2020

As the cities grow and their population increase, there is an intensifying claim for primary components such as housing, transportation, utility services, water supply, etc. Integrated and inclusive urban transportation infrastructure addresses dual purposes - mobility and access to various urban facilities. Urban mobility is no longer only about movement of people in urban areas. In the current milieu of increased preferences for personal motorised transport over public transport, there is a need to redefine and restructure urban mobility through planned integrated Rapid Mass Transit (RMT) hubs while harnessing the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) enabled services to unambiguously offer diverse mobility choices for providing inclusive and accessible (spatially and socio-economically) urban spaces. Against this background, this research paper through a case example attempts to understand and analyse the major trends that are deciding the modes of urban mobility with a focus on micro-mobility infrastructure which is a vital component in addressing the first and last mile connectivity for the efficient usage of rapid mass transit system. Further, key strategies are proposed to augment the planning and implementation of micro-mobility options to improve and redefine the urban mobility.
Thermal Study of Agar Agar Solution in A Capillary Installation
Authors: Mounir Mellal , Hacina Abchiche , Sarah Ibadioune , Nadia Chekir , Naima Sahraoui , Sadjia Bertouche
Published: March 2020

The behavioral study of non-Newtonian fluids with heat transfer is a very active field of research. Researchers are more interested in the heat developed in cylindrical pipes, in forced convection. We were interested in this thermal transfer work during a flow of a non-Newtonian fluid which is an aqueous Agar Agar solution, through a cylindrical heating pipe and horizontal heat flux imposed in a capillary installation.
Structure formation in binary systems hydrolysis lignin – oil product and thermochemical transformations of composites on their basis
Authors: Reznikov Ivan V. , Savitskaya Tatyana A. , Grinshpan Dmitry D.
Published: March 2020

Rheological properties of hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin dispersions in tank oil, diesel fuel, and industrial oil were under study. It was found that at the hydrolysis lignin content of more than 20 wt. %, a coagulation-thixotropic structure with a pseudoplastic flow pattern is formed. The parameters of structure formation calculated within the theory of elastic flocks made it possible to characterize dispersions in diesel fuel as least structured. In accordance with the theory of diffusion-limited aggregation, a computer model of the aggregate of hydrolytic lignin particles in diesel fuel was calculated and its internal structure was established using the proposed method of computer analysis of digital photographs. Machine learning was used to predict the optimal conditions for the production of mesoporous activated carbons from hydrolysis lignin. Experimentally obtained carbons are characterized by total pore volume of (0.95 ± 0.05) cm3/g and BET surface area of (1700 ± 85) m2/g, that corresponds to the predicted parameters.
Solvothermal synthesis of metastable molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium oxides
Authors: Sviridova Tatyana V.
Published: March 2020

It is shown that under the solvothermal conditions the polycondensation of molybdic, tungstic and vanadic oxoacids yields metastable oxide phases (h-MoO3, h-WO3, xerogel-V2O5 of lamellar structure) in the form of microcrystals 2–10 μm in size, while the hydrates of these oxides formed as the by-products exhibiting conversion as the result of recrystallization during the course of further growing. By changing the concentration of the reaction solution it is possible to exert an effective control over the nucleation to obtain the oxide particles of the similar structure and habitus.
Study of the mechanism of antibacterial action of 1,4-di- and 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1Н-1,2,3-triazoles by molecular modeling
Authors: Verbilo Cyril M. , Zuraev Alexander V. , Grigoriev Yuri V. , Budevich Vladislav A. , Ivashkevich Oleg A.
Published: March 2020

The target for antibacterial action of 1,4-di- and 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1H-1,2,3-triazoles against E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 6538 was proposed. Structures of target proteins and investigated triazoles were built using molecular modeling. Binding mechanism was suggested according to conducted docking studies. Suggested binding models and affinity for a binding site of 1,4-disubstituted 1H-1,2,3-triazoles correlated with their experimental activity. Further functionalization directions for continuation of a search for a novel effective antibacterial agents were discovered.
Mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) – phytophages of honeysuckles (Lonicera L.) and snowberries (Symphoricarpos Duhamel) in green areas in Belarus
Authors: Volosach Marina V.
Published: March 2020

According to the results of investigations, carried out in 2016–2019, it was found that in the conditions of green areas of Belarus, honeysuckles (Lonicera L.) and snowberries (Symphoricarpos Duhamel) has been damaged by larvae of 6 species of mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae): Aulagromyza cornigera (Griffiths, 1973), Aulagromyza hendeliana (Hering, 1926), Aulagromyza luteoscutellata (de Meijere, 1924), Chromatomyia aprilina (Goureau, 1851), Chromatomyia lonicerae (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851), Chromatomyia periclymeni (Hendel, 1922). The basic data on trophic relations, the main characteristics of ecology, the distribution in the conditions of Belarus, and the pattern of damages causing by larvae to leaf plates of honeysuckles and snowberries are presented.
A Minimal Turing Test: Reciprocal Sensorimotor Contingencies for Interaction Detection
Authors: Barone Pamela , Bedia Manuel G. , Gomila Antoni
Published: March 2020

In the classical Turing test, participants are challenged to tell whether they are interacting with another human being or with a machine. The way the interaction takes place is not direct, but a distant conversation through computer screen messages. Basic forms of interaction are face-to-face and embodied, context-dependent and based on the detection of reciprocal sensorimotor contingencies. Our idea is that interaction detection requires the integration of proprioceptive and interoceptive patterns with sensorimotor patterns, within quite short time lapses, so that they appear as mutually contingent, as reciprocal. In other words, the experience of interaction takes place when sensorimotor patterns are contingent upon one’s own movements, and vice versa. I react to your movement, you react to mine. When I notice both components, I come to experience an interaction. Therefore, we designed a “minimal” Turing test to investigate how much information is required to detect these reciprocal sensorimotor contingencies. Using a new version of the perceptual crossing paradigm, we tested whether participants resorted to interaction detection to tell apart human from machine agents in repeated encounters with these agents. In two studies, we presented participants with movements of a human agent, either online or offline, and movements of a computerized oscillatory agent in three different blocks. In each block, either auditory or audiovisual feedback was provided along each trial. Analysis of participants’ explicit responses and of the implicit information subsumed in the dynamics of their series will reveal evidence that participants use the reciprocal sensorimotor contingencies within short time windows. For a machine to pass this minimal Turing test, it should be able to generate this sort of reciprocal contingencies.
Root−to−Shoot Signaling and Leaf Water−Use Efficiency in Peach Trees under Localized Irrigation
Authors: Xylogiannis Evangelos , Sofo Adriano , Dichio Bartolomeo , Montanaro Giuseppe , Mininni Alba N.
Published: March 2020

Global climate change is affecting important natural resources including water. Increasing temperature will change rate of evaporation and transpiration, leading to variations in water availability, ground water recharge, and water consumption by plants. Thus, competition for water will be a major future challenge for agriculture. Increasing water productivity at farm level is necessary to increase the efficiency of the irrigation system, plant water−use efficiency (WUE) and to optimize irrigation management. We test the hypothesis that in field−grown, drip−irrigated nectarine trees, the roots in the un−irrigated inter−row soil produce chemical signals that increase in summer to induce stomatal closure and so increase WUE. Concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) were determined in leaf, root, and xylem sap of drip−irrigated (D) trees in which only about 25% of the soil volume was wetted and compared with those of trees irrigated using microjets (M) in which the whole soil volume was wetted. We also examined the effects of increased ABA on root−to−shoot dry matter ratio, the ratio ABA to indole−3−acetic acid (IAA), sap pH, and fruit and shoot growth. Both D and M trees were maintained at optimal water status as judged by pre−dawn leaf water potentials (about −0.3 MPa). There were no significant differences between treatments in mean fruit size (fruit diameter) or in tree yield (total fruit weight). However, shoot length was strongly reduced in D trees (to 75%) compared to M trees (100%). The concentrations of ABA in the inter−row roots of D trees were increased by 59% and that in the leaves by 13% compared to in the M trees. Despite the similar water status of D and M trees, a clear chemical signal was triggered in terms of a significant increase in the ABA/IAA ratio. This signal influenced leaf stomatal conductance which was 40% lower in D trees than in M trees. The associated responses in photosynthesis and transpiration raised the WUE of D trees by 7%–10% compared to M trees. This field study shows that in drip−irrigated trees, an ABA root−to−shoot signal issues from the inter−row roots growing in soil that dries out during a Mediterranean summer (hot, low rainfall). This ABA−induced WUE increase was achieved principally through reduced stomatal conductance and reduced transpiration.
New Approaches for the Assimilation of LAI Measurements into a Crop Model Ensemble to Improve Wheat Biomass Estimations
Authors: Tewes Andreas , Hoffmann Holger , Krauss Gunther , Schäfer Fabian , Kerkhoff Christian , Gaiser Thomas
Published: March 2020

The assimilation of LAI measurements, repeatedly taken at sub-field level, into dynamic crop simulation models could provide valuable information for precision farming applications. Commonly used updating methods such as the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) rely on an ensemble of model runs to update a limited set of state variables every time a new observation becomes available. This threatens the model’s integrity, as not the entire table of model states is updated. In this study, we present the Weighted Mean (WM) approach that relies on a model ensemble that runs from simulation start to simulation end without compromising the consistency and integrity of the state variables. We measured LAI on 14 winter wheat fields across France, Germany and the Netherlands and assimilated these observations into the LINTUL5 crop model using the EnKF and WM approaches, where the ensembles were created using one set of crop component (CC) ensemble generation variables and one set of soil and crop component (SCC) ensemble generation variables. The model predictions for total aboveground biomass and grain yield at harvest were evaluated against measurements collected in the fields. Our findings showed that (a) the performance of the WM approach was very similar to the EnKF approach when SCC variables were used for the ensemble generation, but outperformed the EnKF approach when only CC variables were considered, (b) the difference in site-specific performance largely depended on the choice of the set of ensemble generation variables, with SCC outperforming CC with regard to both biomass and grain yield, and (c) both EnKF and WM improved accuracy of biomass and yield estimates over standard model runs or the ensemble mean. We conclude that the WM data assimilation approach is equally efficient to the improvement of model accuracy, compared to the updating methods, but it has the advantage that it does not compromise the integrity and consistency of the state variables.
The Influence of Anaesthetic Drugs on the Laryngeal Motion in Dogs: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ranninger Elisabeth , Kantyka Marta , Bektas Rima Nadine
Published: March 2020

Anaesthetic drugs are commonly used during the evaluation of laryngeal function in dogs. The aim of this review was to systematically analyse the literature describing the effects of anaesthetic drugs and doxapram on laryngeal motion in dogs and to determine which drug regime provides the best conditions for laryngeal examination. PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE databases were used for the literature search up to November 2019. Relevant search terms included laryngeal motion, anaesthetic drugs and dogs. Studies were scored based on their level of evidence (LoE), according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine, and the quality was assessed using the risk-of-bias tool and SIGN-checklist. In healthy dogs, premedication before laryngeal examination provided better examination conditions and maintained overall adequate laryngeal motion in 83% of the studies. No difference in laryngeal motion between induction drugs was found in 73% of the studies but the effects in dogs with laryngeal paralysis remain largely unknown. Doxapram increased laryngeal motion in healthy dogs without serious side effects, but intubation was necessary for some dogs with laryngeal paralysis. Methodological characteristics varied considerably between studies, including the technique and timing of evaluation, number of assessors, study design, drug dose, combinations, route and speed of administration.
Virulence-Inhibiting Herbal Compound Falcarindiol Significantly Reduced Mortality in Mice Infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Zhang Pansong , Wu Qiaolian , Chen Lin , Duan Kangmin
Published: March 2020

Antipathogenic compounds that target the virulence of pathogenic bacteria rather than their viability offer a promising alternative approach to treat infectious diseases. Using extracts from 30 Chinese herbs that are known for treating symptoms resembling infections, we identified an active compound falcarindiol from Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H. T. Chang that showed potent inhibitory activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa multiple virulence factors. Falcarindiol significantly repressed virulence-related genes, including the type III secretion system (T3SS); quorum sensing synthase genes lasIR and rhlIR; lasB; motility-related genes fliC and fliG; and phenazine synthesis genes phzA1 and phzA2. P. aeruginosa swarming motility and pyocyanin production were reduced significantly. In a burned mouse model, falcarindiol treatment significantly reduced the mortality in mice infected with P. aeruginosa, indicating that falcarindiol is a promising antipathogenic drug candidate for treating P. aeruginosa infections.
Pillars of Solution for the Problem of Winter PM2.5 Variability in Fresno—Effects of Local Meteorology and Emissions
Authors: Karandana Gamalathge Thishan , Green Mark , Stockwell William
Published: March 2020

The mass composition of Particulate Matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microns (PM2.5) in San Joaquin Valley (SJV) is dominated by ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), a secondary pollutant. The goal of this research was the investigation of the relationship between emissions, meteorology and PM2.5 concentrations in Fresno for the winter season. It was found that location of sites near emission sources such as freeways compared with residential sites strongly affected measured PM2.5 concentrations. It was found that although long-term trends showed declines in both emissions and PM2.5 concentrations, there was substantial variability between the years in the PM2.5–emissions relationship. Much of the yearly variation in the relationship between emissions and PM2.5 concentrations can be attributed to yearly variations in weather, such as atmospheric stability, precipitation frequency and average wind speed. There are moderate correlations between PM2.5 concentrations and temperature differences between nearby surface stations at varying elevations which explains some of the daily and seasonal variation in PM2.5. Occurrence of precipitation was related to low PM 2.5, although the higher wind speeds and lower atmospheric stability associated with precipitation likely explain some of the low PM2.5 as well as washout of PM.
On Grothendieck Sets
Authors: Ferrando Juan Carlos , López-Alfonso Salvador , López-Pellicer Manuel
Published: March 2020

We call a subset M of an algebra of sets A a Grothendieck set for the Banach space b a ( A ) of bounded finitely additive scalar-valued measures on A equipped with the variation norm if each sequence μ n n = 1 ∞ in b a ( A ) which is pointwise convergent on M is weakly convergent in b a ( A ) , i.e., if there is μ ∈ b a A such that μ n A → μ A for every A ∈ M then μ n → μ weakly in b a ( A ) . A subset M of an algebra of sets A is called a Nikodým set for b a ( A ) if each sequence μ n n = 1 ∞ in b a ( A ) which is pointwise bounded on M is bounded in b a ( A ) . We prove that if Σ is a σ -algebra of subsets of a set Ω which is covered by an increasing sequence Σ n : n ∈ N of subsets of Σ there exists p ∈ N such that Σ p is a Grothendieck set for b a ( A ) . This statement is the exact counterpart for Grothendieck sets of a classic result of Valdivia asserting that if a σ -algebra Σ is covered by an increasing sequence Σ n : n ∈ N of subsets, there is p ∈ N such that Σ p is a Nikodým set for b a Σ . This also refines the Grothendieck result stating that for each σ -algebra Σ the Banach space ℓ ∞ Σ is a Grothendieck space. Some applications to classic Banach space theory are given.
The FOXO’s Advantages of Being a Family: Considerations on Function and Evolution
Authors: Schmitt-Ney Michel
Published: March 2020

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans possesses a unique (with various isoforms) FOXO transcription factor DAF-16, which is notorious for its role in aging and its regulation by the insulin-PI3K-AKT pathway. In humans, five genes (including a protein-coding pseudogene) encode for FOXO transcription factors that are targeted by the PI3K-AKT axis, such as in C. elegans. This common regulation and highly conserved DNA-binding domain are the pillars of this family. In this review, I will discuss the possible meaning of possessing a group of very similar proteins and how it can generate additional functionality to more complex organisms. I frame this discussion in relation to the much larger super family of Forkhead proteins to which they belong. FOXO members are very often co-expressed in the same cell type. The overlap of function and expression creates a certain redundancy that might be a safeguard against the accidental loss of FOXO function, which could otherwise lead to disease, particularly, cancer. This is one of the points that will be examined in this “family affair” report.
Overdose Deaths and Entrepreneurial Activity
Authors: Sumell Albert
Published: March 2020

Drug overdose deaths, primarily due to opioid addiction, have devastated communities in almost every area of the U.S. The economic impacts of the crisis include additional healthcare resources, unemployment, lost productivity, criminal justice costs, and other indirect impacts that have not yet been researched. This study aims to estimate one potential impact of opioid dependency in communities by estimating the relationship between drug overdose deaths and entrepreneurship. In particular, the empirical models measure how entrepreneurship, as measured by the percentage of self-employed workers, changes in relation to the number of overdose deaths in all U.S. counties, controlling for a number of socioeconomic characteristics. The results suggest that overdose deaths are associated with significant declines in self-employment rates. The coefficients on overdose death rates are generally larger in magnitude for rural counties than for larger metro counties.
Understanding Fluid Dynamics from Langevin and Fokker–Planck Equations
Authors: Medved Andrei , Davis Riley , Vasquez Paula A.
Published: March 2020

The Langevin equations (LE) and the Fokker–Planck (FP) equations are widely used to describe fluid behavior based on coarse-grained approximations of microstructure evolution. In this manuscript, we describe the relation between LE and FP as related to particle motion within a fluid. The manuscript introduces undergraduate students to two LEs, their corresponding FP equations, and their solutions and physical interpretation.
Impact of B-Ring Substitution and Acylation with Hydroxy Cinnamic Acids on the Inhibition of Porcine α-Amylase by Anthocyanin-3-Glycosides
Authors: Kaeswurm Julia A. H. , Könighofer Lisa , Hogg Melanie , Scharinger Andreas , Buchweitz Maria
Published: March 2020

An inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase is postulated for polyphenols. Thus, ingestion of those secondary plant metabolites might reduce postprandial blood glucose level (hyperglycemia), which is a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus type II. In addition to a previous study investigating structure−effect relationships of different phenolic structures, the effect of anthocyanins is studied in detail here, by applying an α-amylase activity assay, on the basis of the conversion of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-4-O-ß-galactopyranosyl maltoside (GalG2CNP) and detection of CNP release by UV/Vis spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). All anthocyanin-3-glucosides showed a mixed inhibition with a strong competitive proportion, Kic < 134 µM and Kiu < 270 µM; however, the impact of the B-ring substitution was not statistically significant. UV/Vis detection failed to examine the inhibitory effect of acylated cyanidins isolated from black carrot (Daucus carota ssp. Sativus var. Autrorubens Alef.). However, ITC measurements reveal a much stronger inhibitory effect compared to the cyanidin-3-glucoside. Our results support the hypothesis that anthocyanins are efficient α-amylase inhibitors and an additional acylation with a cinnamic acid boosts the observed effect. Therefore, an increased consumption of vegetables containing acylated anthocyanin derivatives might help to prevent hyperglycemia.
Beneficial Fatty Acid Ratio of Salvia hispanica L. (Chia Seed) Potentially Inhibits Adipocyte Hypertrophy, and Decreases Adipokines Expression and Inflammation in Macrophage
Authors: Pandurangan Subash-Babu , Al-Maiman Salah A. , Al-Harbi Laila Naif , Alshatwi Ali A.
Published: March 2020

The present study aimed to determine the role of Salvia hispanica L., (chia seed) fatty acid content in adipocyte lipid accumulation and human macrophage immunoregulatory potential. Chia seed fatty acid was extracted using hexane by the cold percolation method. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed a 3:1 ratio of omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acid composition and it was more beneficial for human health. We treated it with increasing concentrations (0–6.4 μg/mL) of chia seed fatty acid extract to determine the cytotoxicity on the preadipocytes and macrophage; no significant cytotoxicity was observed. Chia seed, in 0.2 and 0.4 μg/mL doses, significantly arrested adipocyte hypertrophy and macrophage foam cell development. The gene expression levels of adipocyte confirmed the increased expression of adipocyte mitochondrial thermogenesis related genes, such as uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARγC1α) and PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16); and the down regulated expression of the lipid synthesis related gene sterol regulatory element binding of protein-1c (SREBP-1c). In addition, adipogenesis related genes, such as the proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBPα) expressions, have been down regulated by chia seed treatment. Macrophage treated with chia seed-treated adipocyte condition media significantly inhibited the obesity associated inflammatory genes and protein expression levels, such as monocyte chemo attractant protein-1 (MCP-1), prostaglandins E2, interleukin-6, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In conclusion, a 3:1 ratio of omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acid composition of chia seed fatty acid content potentially inhibits lipid accumulation, and enhanced fatty acid oxidation, via UCP-1 and PRDM16 expression. Macrophage recruitment to adipocyte and the development of obesity associated inflammation was suppressed by chia seeds.
The Effect of L-Theanine Incorporated in a Functional Food Product (Mango Sorbet) on Physiological Responses in Healthy Males: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Williams Jackson , McKune Andrew J. , Georgousopoulou Ekavi N. , Kellett Jane , D’Cunha Nathan M. , Sergi Domenico , Mellor Duane , Naumovski Nenad
Published: March 2020

Consumption of L-Theanine (L-THE) has been associated with a sensation of relaxation, as well as a reduction of stress. However, these physiological responses have yet to be elucidated in humans where L-THE is compared alongside food or as a functional ingredient within the food matrix. The aim of this study was to determine the physiological responses of a single intake of a potential functional food product (mango sorbet) containing L-THE (ms-L-THE; 200 mgw/w) in comparison to a flavour and colour-matched placebo (ms). Eighteen healthy male participants were recruited in this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The participants were required to consume ms-L-THE or placebo and their blood pressure (BP) (systolic and diastolic), heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV) were monitored continuously over 90 minutes. Eleven males (age 27.7 ± 10.8 years) completed the study. Changes in area under the curve for systolic and diastolic blood pressure and HRV over the 90 minute observation period indicated no differences between the three conditions (all p > 0.05) or within individual groups (all p > 0.05). The values for heart rate were also not different in the placebo group (p = 0.996) and treatment group (p = 0.066), while there was a difference seen at the baseline (p = 0.003). Based on the findings of this study, L-THE incorporated in a food matrix (mango sorbet) demonstrated no reduction in BP or HR and showed no significant parasympathetic interaction as determined by HRV high-frequency band and low-frequency/high-frequency ratio. Further studies should be focussed towards the comparison of pure L-THE and incorporation within the food matrix to warrant recommendations of L-THE alongside food consumption.