bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ideal Scıence Teacher From Perspective Of Gifted Students: Phenomenologıcial Study
Authors: SUBAŞI Münevver
Published: May 2023

The goal of this study is to determine the qualifications of an ideal science teacher from the perspectives of gifted secondary school students. In this study, phenomenological design from qualitative research methods was used in line with the purpose of the study. The study group consisted of 35 gifted students receiving education at Hatay Science and Arts Centre. Data were gathered by using semi-structured interview form in the study which was carried out based on voluntariness. The data obtained from the study were analysed by descriptive analysis which is one of the qualitative data analysis methods. Percentage and frequency values were used to analyse the data, and direct quotations were included. The gifted students generally emphasized the personal and educational dimensions of an ideal science teacher as a result of the analysis of the data. While an ideal science teacher was expected to be fair, humorous and funny; it was emphasized in the dimension of professional development that s/he should be well-educated and creative. While it was wanted in the educational dimension that an ideal science teacher should address with name and behave sincerely, being funny, allowing his/her students to conduct experiments and teaching by games were detected as the qualifications expected from an ideal science teacher in the learning and teaching process.
Investigating the Interrelationships among Science and Mathematics Achievement, Attitudes towards STEM, and Gender
Authors: YERDELEN-DAMAR Sevda , AKSÖZ Büşra , SEZER Sevil , ARABACI Nil , ARIKAN Fatma
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to investigate the interrelationships among high school students’ science and mathematics achievement, attitudes towards STEM and gender. The participants of the study were 446 public high school students (240 females, 206 males) from two cities in Turkey. They were 10th, 11th, and 12th grade level students selected from two different kinds of schools which are Anatolian Religious High School and Anatolian High School. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to determine the relationships among the variables of the study. It was found that mathematics achievement and science achievement are significantly and positively associated with students’ mathematics attitudes, and science attitudes, but negatively related to students’ attitudes towards engineering and technology. On the other hand, 21st-century skills were not found to be significantly associated with both mathematics achievement and science achievement. The results also indicated that female students had higher mathematics and science achievement scores than male students. However, male students had more interest in engineering departments. The results of the study also imply the importance of the indirect effect of attitudes towards STEM on the relationship between students’ achievement and gender.
Instructional Design of Computer Literacy Course with Distance Education
Authors: CABI Emine
Published: May 2023

In the implementation of the Computer Literacy (CL) course with face-to-face education, there were many problems encountered such as huge number of students who could not reach the education, and the inability to use the physical facilities of the university and the workforce effectively. For the solution of these problems, there was a need for a distance learning environment that is independent of time and space, equipped with rich learning experiences and using new technologies. In this study, it was aimed to prepare an instructional design in order to conduct CL course using distance education technologies and evaluate this design. Accordingly, a course design was prepared to be taught by distance education by following a systematic process according to the analysis, design, development, application and evaluation stages of ADDIE model. The design was evaluated in every process from problem analysis to assessment, especially in the final stage, process and product evaluation were made more comprehensively. Semi-structured interview form and students' academic achievements were used to gather data from the students and instructors. The study is believed to contribute to instructional designers, trainers and experts who want to conduct the course with distance education.
Perception of Peace in Children's Drawings and Interviews
Authors: GÜLEÇ Yasemin
Published: May 2023

In this study, children's perceptions of peace were examined through drawings and unstructured interviews. Participants consisted of 22 students aged 11-12 studying at Kepler Gymnasium, a public school in Karlsruhe / Pforzheim. The study was designed with an art-based and unstructured interview from research qualitative research methods. The data were analyzed by the semiotic analysis of drawings and content analysis of unstructured interviews. In the study, the meaning of peace was at most perceived as positive peace, both in pictures and interviews. Although the students mostly used peace icons, indexes, and symbols in their peace drawings, they also used almost half of the icons, indexes, and symbols of war. The meaning of peace in the interviews was mostly defined by the theme of "interpersonal interactions," which is the most common theme related to positive peace in the literature. The children almost half described peace as the absence of war in both drawings and interviews. Negative peace was at most defined with the theme of negative interpersonal peace in the negotiations on the meaning of peace. Secondly, negative peace was expressed as the absence of war, similar to the common perception in the literature. Besides, in the present study, based on the results, implications were made regarding peace education.
PENGARUH JENIS ASAM TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK GELATIN KULIT IKAN AYAM-AYAM (Abalistes stellaris)
Authors: Nugraheni Adilla Wahyu , Anggo Apri Dwi , Dewi Eko Nurcahya
Published: May 2023

Ikan Ayam-ayam merupakan salah satu jenis ikan laut yang memiliki kulit tebal dan keras. Hal ini mengakibatkan kulit ikan ayam-ayam hanya dijadikan sebagai limbah disisi lain sebenarnya kulit tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi gelatin. Proses pembuatan gelatin yang berasal dari kulit ikan biasanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan larutan asam lemah untuk mencegah terjadinya hidrolisis lanjutan yang dapat merusak kolagen yang ada di kulit ikan sehingga struktur gelatin tidak dapat terbentuk. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan larutan asam lemah yaitu asam fosfat (H3PO4), asam oksalat (H2C2O4), asam sitrat (C6H8O7) dan asam asetat (CH3COOH) terhadap nilai rendemen, kekuatan gel, pH, kadar air, kadar protein, kadar abu dan viskositas selain itu untuk mengetahui jenis asam lemah terbaik dalam proses pembuatan gelatin kulit ikan ayam-ayam. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan jenis asam lemah yang berbeda. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji ANOVA dan uji lanjut BNJ untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil analisa data menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan asam lemah yang berbeda mempunyai pengaruh berbeda nyata terhadap parameter uji yaitu rendemen kekuatan gel, pH, kadar air, kadar protein, kadar abu dan viskositas. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil bahwa perlakuan dengan menggunakan asam asetat menghasilkan gelatin dengan nilai kekuatan gel dan viskositas tertinggi sebesar 294,47 bloom dan 3,61 cP, sedangkan perlakuan asam fosfat menghasilkan gelatin dengan mutu dan daya simpan terbaik dengan nilai rendemen, kadar air dan kadar protein tertinggi dibandikan perlakuan jenis asam lainnya.
Analisis Rendemen, Kadar Alkohol, Nilai pH dan Total BAL pada Kefir Whey Susu Kambing dengan Lama Fermentasi yang Berbeda
Authors: Setiawati Lila , Rizqiati Heni , Susanti Siti
Published: May 2023

Kefir merupakan salah satu produk susu fermentasi yang dibuat dengan cara menambahkan bibit kefir (kefir grains) ke dalam susu. Kefir whey atau yang biasa di kenal dengan kefir bening berasal dari hasil pemisahan susu yang telah ditambahkan kefir grains selama proses fermentasi menjadi dua yaitu curd (dadih) dan whey yang merupakan cairan kuning beningnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama fermentasi terhadap rendemen, kadar alkohol, nilai pH, dan total bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dari kefir whey susu kambing. Bahan yang digunakan adalah susu kambing segar, kefir grains, NaOH 0,1 N, aquades, phenolphtalein (PP) 1%, dan media deMan Rogosa Sharpe Agar (MRSA). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan yang diberikan adalah (T1) lama fermentasi 24 jam, (T2) lama fermentasi 36, (T3) lama fermentasi 48 jam, dan (T4) lama fermentasi 60 jam. Parameter yang diamati adalah rendemen, kadar alkohol, nilai pH, dan total bakteri asam laktat (BAL) akan dianalisis menggunakan uji Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan lama fermentasi memberikan pengaruh pada rendemen, kadar alkohol, nilai pH dan total BAL. Semakin lama fermentasi yang dilakukan kadar alcohol dan total BAL semakin naik, dan nilai rendemen dan nilai pH mengalami penurunan.
Jakub Jinek, Platón a problém filosofické vlády. Politické myšlení v dialogu Zákony
Authors: Stránský Jiří
Published: May 2023

Book review on Jakub Jinek, Platón a problém filosofické vlády. Politické myšlení v dialogu Zákony. Praha (Oikúmené) 2021, 302 str.
Jindřich Karásek, Diference jako princip vědomí a její překonání. Analýzy a interpretace k problematice vědomí a sebevědomí v německé filosofii od Wolffa po Hegela
Authors: Thümmel Jan
Published: May 2023

Book review on Jindřich Karásek: Diference jako princip vědomí a její překonání. Analýzy a interpretace k problematice vědomí a sebevědomí v německé filosofii od Wolffa po Hegela. Červený Kostelec (Pavel Mervart) 2021, 425 str.
O. Sikora – J. Sirovátka (vyd.), Lévinas v konfrontaci
Authors: Nitsche Martin
Published: May 2023

Book review on Ondřej Sikora – Jakub Sirovátka (vyd.) Lévinas v konfrontaci. Praha (Oikúmené) 2019, 279 str.
Z jeskyně na světlo. Pedagogika a heuristika profesora Dagfinna Føllesdala
Authors: Novák Josef
Published: May 2023

The pedagogy and heuristics of Professor Dagfinn Føllesdal.
Rezek vychovatel
Authors: Pokorný Martin
Published: May 2023

Obituary.
In memoriam Dietera Henricha
Authors: Gutschmidt Holger
Published: May 2023

Obituary.
Metaforická povaha řeči u Herdera
Authors: Navrátilová Olga
Published: May 2023

The article Metaphorical Nature of Language in Herder aims to demonstrate how Herder’s thesis regarding the metaphoricity of language reflects itself in his conception of the relationship between language and the world. A comparison with Friedrich Nietzsche’s understanding of this relationship in his essay On Truth and Lies in a Nonmoral Sense helps clarify Herder’s position. While both thinkers share the postulate of the metaphoricity of language, the implications they draw from it are different: unlike Nietzsche, Herder does not turn sceptical regarding the capacity of language to reveal the world, and he understands language not only as a tool of survival but also as a tool of knowledge – not in spite of its metaphorical nature, but rather precisely because of it.
Nad domnělým výrokem Francise Bacona. Odpověď Vojtěchovi Hladkému
Authors: Švec Ondřej
Published: May 2023

Polemic.
Na okraj diskuse o (údajném) citátu Francise Bacona
Authors: Fulínová Eliška
Published: May 2023

Discussion.
Effect of different levels of acute hypoxia on subsequent oral glucose tolerance in males with overweight: A balanced cross‐over pilot feasibility study
Authors: Corbett Jo , Tipton Michael J. , Perissiou Maria , James Thomas , Young John S. , Newman Alexander , Cummings Michael , Montgomery Hugh , Grocott Michael P. W. , Shepherd Anthony I.
Published: May 2023

Previous research has shown that ≤60 min hypoxic exposure improves subsequent glycaemic control, but the optimal level of hypoxia is unknown and data are lacking from individuals with overweight. We undertook a cross‐over pilot feasibility study investigating the effect of 60‐min prior resting exposure to different inspired oxygen fractions (CON FIO2 = 0.209; HIGH FIO2 = 0.155; VHIGH FIO2 = 0.125) on glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity, and oxidative stress during a subsequent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in males with overweight (mean (SD) BMI = 27.6 (1.3) kg/m2; n = 12). Feasibility was defined by exceeding predefined withdrawal criteria for peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), partial pressure of end‐tidal oxygen or carbon dioxide and acute mountain sickness (AMS), and dyspnoea symptomology. Hypoxia reduced SpO2 in a stepwise manner (CON = 97(1)%; HIGH = 91(1)%; VHIGH = 81(3)%, p < 0.001), but did not affect peak plasma glucose concentration (CON = 7.5(1.8) mmol∙L−1; HIGH = 7.7(1.1) mmol∙L−1; VHIGH = 7.7(1.1) mmol∙L−1; p = 0.777; η2 = 0.013), plasma glucose area under the curve, insulin sensitivity, or metabolic clearance rate of glucose (p > 0.05). We observed no between‐conditions differences in oxidative stress (p > 0.05), but dyspnoea and AMS symptoms increased in VHIGH (p < 0.05), with one participant meeting the withdrawal criteria. Acute HIGH or VHIGH exposure prior to an OGTT does not influence glucose homeostasis in males with overweight, but VHIGH is associated with adverse symptomology and reduced feasibility.
Occupational Licensing and Skills Mismatches Among Immigrants and Natives in the United States
Authors: Tani Massimiliano
Published: May 2023

This paper studies the effect of occupational licensing on the education-occupation mismatches and the logarithm of hourly wages of natives and immigrants in the United States using longitudinal data from the 2014 sample of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). On average, licensing reduces the skills mismatch and raises hourly wages among natives but not among immigrants. Over time there is only minimal convergence between the outcomes experienced by licensed natives and immigrants, highlighting that licensing does not produce uniform benefits, by immigrant status. Rather, it appears to institutionalize substantive differences in the quality of the skill matches and hourly pay of native and immigrant licensed workers and professionals.
A note on Hopf’s lemma and strong minimum principle for nonlocal equations with non-standard growth
Authors: Sen Abhrojyoti
Published: May 2023

Let

Ω
⊂

R
n

\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}

be any open set and 𝑢 a weak supersolution of

L
⁢
u

=

c
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
g
⁢

(

|
u
|

)

⁢

u

|
u
|

\mathcal{L}u=c(x)g(\lvert u\rvert)\frac{u}{\lvert u\rvert}

, where

L
⁢
u
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(
x
)

=

p.v.
⁢

∫

R
n

g
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(

|

u
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(
x
)

−

u
⁢

(
y
)

|

|

x
−
y

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s

)

⁢

u
⁢

(
x
)

−

u
⁢

(
y
)

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u
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x
)

−

u
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(
y
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|

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K
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(
x
,
y
)

⁢

d
⁢
y

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−
y

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s

\mathcal{L}u(x)=\textup{p.v.}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}g\biggl{(}\frac{\lvert u(x)-u(y)\rvert}{\lvert x-y\rvert^{s}}\biggr{)}\frac{u(x)-u(y)}{\lvert u(x)-u(y)\rvert}K(x,y)\frac{dy}{\lvert x-y\rvert^{s}}

and

g
=

G
′

g=G^{\prime}

for some Young function 𝐺.
This note imparts a Hopf type lemma and strong minimum principle for 𝑢 when

c
⁢

(
x
)

c(x)

is continuous in

Ω
¯

\overline{\Omega}

that extend the results of Del Pezzo and Quaas [A Hopf’s lemma and a strong minimum principle for the fractional 𝑝-Laplacian,
J. Differential Equations
263 (2017), 1, 765–778] in fractional Orlicz–Sobolev setting.
Allegory and Ambiguity in Late Antique Canon Lists
Authors: Ophoff Jesse
Published: May 2023

In the mid-sixth century, Cassiodorus wrote hisInstitutiones Divinarum et Saecularium Litterarumto instruct the monks at Vivarium in their scribal work of collecting, codifying, and copying the Christian Scriptures, along with a vast array of Latin Christian literature. His text remained an essential handbook for monks and nuns working as scribes for centuries. Within it, he includes three authoritative canon lists which he takes from Jerome, Augustine, and the Septuagint. To modern scholars these lists often read as nonsense: he seems entirely ambivalent towards which books are “in” or “out” of the canon, he appears unfaithful to his source material, and none of these lists reflects his own system for listing or grouping the Scriptures. What then is the point of them? The answer lies in the importance that Cassiodorus, and other late antique authors, place on numbers as sources of allegorical interpretation in the search for higher meaning. Through a process of “holy arithmetic”, Cassiodorus presents what he claims is an inner logic of these authoritative canon lists, bringing to light three different hermeneutical lenses for understanding what the Scriptures are. As allegories, those lenses can coexist in a complementary fashion, aiding Cassiodorus in his larger mission to codify a Latin Christian tradition. Examining Cassiodorus’s approach to listing the canon and comparing it to modern scholarship on the subject bring into focus some of the key ways in which our own assumptions and methods differ from those of our late antique sources. It also opens up new possibilities for interrogating these sources.
Current status of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) in China: a 10-year comprehensive overview
Authors: Song Yanna , Zheng Xiaoxiao , Fang Yong , Liu Shan , Liu Kangding , Zhu Jie , Wu Xiujuan
Published: May 2023

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy; a disease involving the peripheral nervous system which is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide. So far, it is still lack of a comprehensive overview and understanding of the national epidemiological, clinical characteristics, and the risk factors of GBS in China, as well as differences between China and other countries and regions in these respects. With the global outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an epidemiological or phenotypic association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and GBS has attracted great attention. In this review, we outlined the current clinical data of GBS in China by retrieving literature, extracting and synthesizing the data of GBS in China from 2010 to 2021. Besides, we compared the characteristics of epidemiology, preceding events and clinical profiles of GBS between China and other countries and regions. Furthermore, in addition to conventional intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and plasma exchange (PE) therapy, the potential therapeutic effects with novel medications in GBS, such as complement inhibitors, etc., have become the research focus in treatments. We found that epidemiological and clinical findings of GBS in China are approximately consistent with those in the International GBS Outcome Study (IGOS) cohort. We provided an overall picture of the present clinical status of GBS in China and summarized the global research progress of GBS, aiming to further understand the characteristics of GBS and improve the future work of GBS worldwide, especially in countries with the middle and low incomes.
Influence of Graphene Oxide and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag on Engineering Properties of High-Performance Concretes
Authors: Rezakhani D. , Jafari A. H. , Hajabasi M.
Published: May 2023

Concrete structures immersed in sea water suffer severe corrosion, and the application of nanomaterials to concrete presents an innovative approach to enhancing both its physical and mechanical properties. In this paper, the effects of combined admixtures of graphene oxide nanoplatelets (GONPs) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) on concrete were studied, and mechanical and physical tests were performed. It was known that the GGBFS admixture improves the durability of concrete, but in concrete samples containing both GONPs and GGBFS, the compressive strength increased by nearly 43 % and 46 % at 28 and 90 days of curing, respectively, compared with ordinary portland cement (OPC) concretes. The same admixing regime caused an increase in flexural strength of up to 58 % and 59 % during the same time spans. This was accompanied with a significant reduction in chloride permeability, which was appraised by a 64 % drop in electrical conductivity measurements. The GONPs additive, even at the very low concentrations, accelerated the formation of calcium silicate hydrate, thereby enhancing the mechanical and flexural strengths that directly affect the durability and water and chloride absorption. The overall durability and rebar corrosion resistance that were shown through electrochemical tests are consequences of the combined improvements in the physico-mechanical concrete properties. OPC concrete is thus both stronger and significantly more chloride ion resistant with additions of GONPs in the parts per million range and by replacing it with 50 percent by weight GGBFS. The enhanced pozzolanic reactions in concrete help to fill the porosity and significantly contribute to the curtailment mechanism.
Developmental Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls Prevents Recovery from Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and Disrupts the Functional Organization of the Inferior Colliculus
Authors: Ibrahim Baher A. , Louie Jeremy J. , Shinagawa Yoshitaka , Xiao Gang , Asilador Alexander R. , Sable Helen J. K. , Schantz Susan L. , Llano Daniel A.
Published: May 2023

Exposure to combinations of environmental toxins is growing in prevalence; and therefore, understanding their interactions is of increasing societal importance. Here, we examined the mechanisms by which two environmental toxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and high-amplitude acoustic noise, interact to produce dysfunction in central auditory processing. PCBs are well established to impose negative developmental impacts on hearing. However, it is not known whether developmental exposure to this ototoxin alters the sensitivity to other ototoxic exposures later in life. Here, male mice were exposed to PCBs in utero, and later as adults were exposed to 45 min of high-intensity noise. We then examined the impacts of the two exposures on hearing and the organization of the auditory midbrain using two-photon imaging and analysis of the expression of mediators of oxidative stress. We observed that developmental exposure to PCBs blocked hearing recovery from acoustic trauma.In vivotwo-photon imaging of the inferior colliculus (IC) revealed that this lack of recovery was associated with disruption of the tonotopic organization and reduction of inhibition in the auditory midbrain. In addition, expression analysis in the inferior colliculus revealed that reduced GABAergic inhibition was more prominent in animals with a lower capacity to mitigate oxidative stress. These data suggest that combined PCBs and noise exposure act nonlinearly to damage hearing and that this damage is associated with synaptic reorganization, and reduced capacity to limit oxidative stress. In addition, this work provides a new paradigm by which to understand nonlinear interactions between combinations of environmental toxins.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTExposure to common environmental toxins is a large and growing problem in the population. This work provides a new mechanistic understanding of how the prenatal and postnatal developmental changes induced by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) could negatively impact the resilience of the brain to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) later in adulthood. The use of state-of-the-art tools, includingin vivomultiphoton microscopy of the midbrain helped in identifying the long-term central changes in the auditory system after the peripheral hearing damage induced by such environmental toxins. In addition, the novel combination of methods employed in this study will lead to additional advances in our understanding of mechanisms of central hearing loss in other contexts.
Influence of annealing on the properties of chemically prepared SnS thin films
Authors:   Department of Physics, Govt.Victoria College (affiliated to University of Calicut) Palakkad Kerala 678001, India, John S. , Francis M. ,   Department of Physics, Mercy College (affiliated to University of Calicut) Palakkad Kerala 678006, India, Reena Mary A. P. ,   Department of Physics, Govt.Victoria College (affiliated to University of Calicut) Palakkad Kerala 678001, India, Geetha V. ,   Department of Physics, Govt.Victoria College (affiliated to University of Calicut) Palakkad Kerala 678001, India
Published: May 2023

Thin films of SnS were deposited chemically, and they are annealed at four different temperatures: 100 °C, 150 °C, 200 °C, and 250 °C. X-ray diffraction, Raman analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to investigate the impact of annealing temperature on the structural, optical, morphological, and chemical properties of thin films. As the annealing temperature rose, it was seen from the XRD patterns that the crystallinity of SnS films improved. At 250 °C, the film was almost evaporated, and the XRD pattern showed no peaks at all. The lattice strain and crystallite size were computed from the WilliamsonHall plots. The crystallite size increased and the lattice strain decreased with the increase in the annealing temperature. According to optical investigations, the samples' optical bandgap shrank as the annealing temperature rose. Morphological studies showed the formation of well-adhered films, and as the annealing temperature increased, the film became denser and more continuous with larger grains. The atomic weight percentage of sulphur decreased as the annealing temperature increased, according to the EDS analysis. Photovoltaic structures with the configuration ITO/SnS/CdS/Ag were fabricated. From the I-V characteristics, it was observed that the cell structure formed with SnS annealed at 200 °C showed better cell performance.
Electron paramagnetic resonance study of gadoliniumum doped graphene oxide
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Abaszadea R. G. , Mammadov A. G. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Khanmammadova E. A. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Bayramov İ. Y. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Namazov R. A. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Popal Kh. M. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Melikova S. Z. ,   Institute of Radiation Problems, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan, Qasımov R. C. ,   Institute of Radiation Problems, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan, Bayramov M. A. ,   Institute of Radiation Problems, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan, Babayeva N. İ. ,   Seljuk University, Institute of Science, Department of Physics, Konya, Turkey
Published: May 2023

The samples obtained by the Hammer method and then doped with 5, 10 and 15 percent gadolinium were studied by the EPR analysis method. The conducted studies were carried out at room temperature. Depending on the degree of addition of gadolinium during the studies an increase in the intensity of the signal and a decrease in the intensity of free radicals were observed. So that, when the amount of gadolinium reaches 15%, the signal of free radicals disappears. The reason for this is that the Gd ion forms a single homogeneous system with the formation of strong bonds between the surface of the graphene oxide sample. In addition, it can be noted that unpaired electrons in the form of free radicals, which are stabilized in the carbon rings in the crystal structure of graphene oxide, cause this connection.
Ubx5‐Cdc48 assists the protease Wss1 at DNA‐protein crosslink sites in yeast
Authors: Noireterre Audrey , Serbyn Nataliia , Bagdiul Ivona , Stutz Françoise
Published: May 2023

DNA‐protein crosslinks (DPCs) pose a serious threat to genome stability. The yeast proteases Wss1, 26S proteasome, and Ddi1 are safeguards of genome integrity by acting on a plethora of DNA‐bound proteins in different cellular contexts. The AAA ATPase Cdc48/p97 is known to assist Wss1/SPRTN in clearing DNA‐bound complexes; however, its contribution to DPC proteolysis remains unclear. Here, we show that the Cdc48 adaptor Ubx5 is detrimental in yeast mutants defective in DPC processing. Using an inducible site‐specific crosslink, we show that Ubx5 accumulates at persistent DPC lesions in the absence of Wss1, which prevents their efficient removal from the DNA. Abolishing Cdc48 binding or complete loss of Ubx5 suppresses sensitivity of wss1∆ cells to DPC‐inducing agents by favoring alternate repair pathways. We provide evidence for cooperation of Ubx5‐Cdc48 and Wss1 in the genotoxin‐induced degradation of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), a described candidate substrate of Wss1. We propose that Ubx5‐Cdc48 assists Wss1 for proteolysis of a subset of DNA‐bound proteins. Together, our findings reveal a central role for Ubx5 in DPC clearance and repair.
Metastatic exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)
Authors: Pinto Maria Helena Barros , Braga Thiago Rodrigues Cardoso , Blume Guilherme Reis , Oliveira Letícia Batelli de , Chagas Nicolas Thomas Costa das , Souza Fernanda Rezende , Cassali Geovanni Dantas , Sant’Ana Fabiano José Ferreira de
Published: May 2023

Neoplasms of the exocrine pancreas are uncommon in domestic animals and rarely occur in wildlife. This article describes the clinical and pathological findings of one case of metastatic exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma in an 18-year-old giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) in captivity with a history of inappetence and apathy. Abdominal ultrasonography was inconclusive, and tomography revealed a neoplasm affecting the urinary bladder and hydroureter. During the anaesthesia recovery, the animal presented a cardiorespiratory arrest and died. Grossly, there were neoplastic nodules in the pancreas, urinary bladder, spleen, adrenal glands, and mediastinal lymph node. Microscopically, all nodules were composed of a malignant hypercellular proliferation of epithelial cells with acinar or solid disposition, supported by a sparse fibrovascular stroma. Neoplastic cells were immunolabeled with antibodies to Pan-CK, CK7, CK20, PPP and chromogranin A. Approximately 25% of the cells were positive for the presence of Ki-67 too. Pathological and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
The effect of electrical stimulation of skeletal muscle on cardioprotection and on muscle-derived myokine levels in rats: A pilot study
Authors: Szabó Márton R. , Csont Tamás , Csonka Csaba
Published: May 2023

Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) is a widely used method in sports and rehabilitation therapies to simulate physical exercise. EMS treatment via skeletal muscle activity improves the cardiovascular functions and the overall physical condition of the patients. However, the cardioprotective effect of EMS has not been proven so far, therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential cardiac conditioning effect of EMS in an animal model. Low-frequency 35-min EMS was applied to the gastrocnemius muscle of male Wistar rats for three consecutive days. Their isolated hearts were then subjected to 30 min global ischemia and 120 min reperfusion. At the end of reperfusion cardiac specific creatine kinase (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme release and myocardial infarct size were determined. Additionally, skeletal muscle-driven myokine expression and release were also assessed. Phosphorylation of cardioprotective signaling pathway members AKT, ERK1/2, and STAT3 proteins were also measured. EMS significantly attenuated cardiac LDH and CK-MB enzyme activities in the coronary effluents at the end of the ex vivo reperfusion. EMS treatment considerably altered the myokine content of the stimulated gastrocnemius muscle without altering circulating myokine levels in the serum. Additionally, phosphorylation of cardiac AKT, ERK1/2, and STAT3 was not significantly different in the two groups. Despite the lack of significant infarct size reduction, the EMS treatment seems to influence the course of cellular damage due to ischemia/reperfusion and favorably modifies skeletal muscle myokine expressions. Our results suggest that EMS may have a protective effect on the myocardium, however, further optimization is required.
Effect of Allium cepa extract on total and differential WBC, TP level, oxidant and antioxidant biomarkers, and lung pathology in ovalbumin-sensitized rats
Authors: Shakeri Farzaneh , Amin Fatemeh , Marefati Narges , Mohammadian Roshan Nama , Boskabady Marzie , Boskabady Mohammad Hossein
Published: May 2023

Background: Previous studies have shown that Allium cepa (A. cepa) has relaxant and antiinflammatory effects. In this research, A. cepa extract was examined for its prophylactic effect on lung inflammation and oxidative stress in sensitized rats.
Methods: Total and differential white blood cell (WBC) count in the blood, serum levels of oxidant and antioxidant biomarkers, total protein (TP) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung pathology were investigated in control group (C), sensitized group (S), and sensitized groups treated with A. cepa and dexamethasone.
Results: Total and most differential WBC count, TP, NO2, NO3, MDA (malondialdehyde), and lung pathological scores were increased while lymphocytes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), cat-alase (CAT), and thiol were decreased in sensitized animals compared to controls (p < 0.01 to p < 0.001). Treatment with all concentrations of extract significantly improved total WBC, TP, NO2, NO3, interstitial fibrosis, and emphysema compared to the S group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Two higher concentrations of the extract significantly decreased neutrophil and monocyte count, malondialdehyde, bleeding and epithelial damage but increased lymphocyte, CAT, and thiol compared to the S group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Dexamethasone treatment also substantially improved most measured parameters (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001), but it did not change eosinophil percentage. It was proposed that A. cepa extract could affect lung inflammation and oxidative stress in sensitized rats.
Characterization of a group of children with eosinophilic esophagitis in Cali, Colombia
Authors: Vásquez Laura Del Mar , Serrano Carlos Daniel , Peña Margarita , Botero Veronica , Quimbayo Diana , Milanés Rafael , Torres-Canchala Laura , Olaya Manuela
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an immunologically mediated chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The objective of this study was to clinically and demographically describe a child population with EoE diagnosed in a high-complexity hospital in Cali, Colombia.
Methods: A retrospective study was carried out. The clinical histories of patients between 0 and 18 years with clinical suspicion and a histological diagnosis of EoE were analyzed. All patients underwent an allergy study, either by measurement of specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E and/or an intraepidermal skin-prick test.
Results: Thirty-five patients were included in the study, of which 21 (60%) women. The median age was 8 years (interquartile range [IQR] 5–12), and the age of onset of symptoms was 5 years (IQR 2–10). Thirty patients (85.7%) reported a history of allergic disease, with rhinitis being the most frequent (n = 25, 71.4%). Only one patient reported with food allergy mediated by IgE. The main symptoms in patients included abdominal pain (17 [48.6%]), refractory gastroesophageal reflux (16 [45.7%]), and choking (9 [25.7%]). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was normal in 10 patients (38.5%). The median number of eosinophils in the biopsy was 42 (IQR 31–92). Allergenic sensitization was verified in 25 of 35 patients (71.4%). Of these, dust mite allergy was positive in 21 patients (84%), while the most frequent food allergy was toward cow’s milk, in five patients (31.3%).
Conclusions: The majority of patients with EoE were females. The most frequent symptom was abdominal pain. Endoscopic abnormalities were also observed frequently, and the prevalence of other allergic diseases (especially rhinitis) and allergenic sensitization (especially to mites) was high.
Regression models for assessing the efficiency of vibratory separation of parsnip seeds taking into account air dynamics based on numerical simulation and field experiment
Authors: Nykyforov Аnton , Antoshchenkov Roman , Halych Ivan , Kis-Korkishchenko Liliia , Kis Viсtor , Dombrovska Alla , Kilimnik Inna
Published: May 2023

To reduce the complexity of research into designing promising vibratory machines while minimizing the harmful effect of the aerodynamic factor, it is convenient to use regression models. With their help, a quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of separation (cleaning) of seed mixtures is carried out, depending on the design parameters and the mode of operation of vibratory machines.
This paper reports the results of research on the construction of regression models for parsnip seeds based on numerical modeling and full-scale experiment. Based on numerical modeling, a four-factor regression model of the second order was built, which takes into account the geometric characteristics of the aerodynamic screen, the design of the set of working surfaces, and the oscillation amplitude of a vibratory machine. Based on a full-scale experiment, a three-factor regression model of the second order was constructed for a constant gap between the working surfaces.
A comparative analysis of the resulting regression models suggests that numerical modeling provides satisfactory accuracy in assessing the influence of the aerodynamic factor. This estimate, when using a regression model based on a numerical experiment, exaggerates the estimate determined by the full-scale experiment by 5–15 % (depending on the regressate variation area localization).
Hence, the numerical model of the process of vibrational motion of light-weight seeds, taking into account the action of aerodynamic forces and moments, used to build a regression model of separation of parsnip seeds, can be considered adequate. Regression models (for parsnips and other plant crops), which are built on the basis of numerical modeling, should be used to solve problems of optimizing the parameters of vibratory machines according to the criterion of reducing the harmful effect of the aerodynamic factor.
Determining the possibility of the appearance of a combustible medium in the hydrogen storage and supply system
Authors: Abramov Yuriy , Basmanov Oleksii , Krivtsova Valentina , Mikhayluk Andriy , Khmyrov Ihor
Published: May 2023

The object of this study is the process of functioning of the hydrogen storage and supply system. The issue of fire-explosive events in the hydrogen storage and supply system is investigated. A set of mathematical models has been built to determine the probability of a combustible medium in the hydrogen storage and supply system. This set includes partial mathematical models for the main elements of the system, which are united by a generalized mathematical model. When constructing partial mathematical models, the probabilities of trouble-free operation of the main elements of the system are used, which include a pipeline and a gas generator with a pressure stabilization circuit. The probability of trouble-free operation is represented in the form of two multiplicative components that take into account catastrophic and parametric failures of the main elements of the system. When determining the probability of trouble-free operation of the main elements of the system in relation to parametric failures, the integral (generalized) parameters were used. In particular, for a gas generator, such parameters are its time constants. The current values of time constants of the gas generator are determined according to the developed algorithm whose feature is the use for its implementation of the values of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the system, which are determined at three a priori given frequencies. For a typical version of the on-board hydrogen storage and supply system, quantitative indicators of the likelihood of a combustible medium are given. It is shown that if the parametric failures of the main elements of the system are not taken into account, an error occurs, the value of which is 30.0 %.
The results could be used to obtain an express assessment of the level of fire hazard of hydrogen storage and supply systems at different stages of their life cycle.
Development of an adaptive graphic web interface model for editing XML data
Authors: Mukhitova Aigul , Yerimbetova Aigerim , Cherikbayeva Lyailya
Published: May 2023

The ability of the end user to work with a large amount of data from a large number of heterogeneous sources and at the same time get an effective result from the work is carried out through the use of graphical web interfaces built on the basis of XML technologies that allow displaying any structure of a file presented in XML format. As a data exchange method between applications on the Web, XML still lacks capabilities for identification of web resources and a system that uses them, and capabilities to express the knowledge provided by XLM documents. In this study, a web interface has been developed (a web-based server application), as an XML records editor that provides display forms for the creation and editing of XML documents and is able to adapt to the internal resources of the system used. The technology is based on the XSD data set schema transformation by the way of XSLT transformations. Screen forms are generated on the server side and are provided to the user with all the necessary tools for correct input and/or editing of heterogeneous data. A distinguishing characteristic of this technology is the ability to display both properly and improperly formed XML data. The developed graphical interface allows any application to automatically exchange and read information from other applications without human intervention, which significantly improves performance and ease of use. This software solution could be used both as an independent data building and editing module presented in the XML format, and as a built-in module plugged into various server software for heterogeneous information management systems
Development of the method of constructing the expander turbine rotation speed regulator
Authors: Kulinchenko Heorhii , Zhurba Viacheslav , Panych Andrii , Leontiev Petro
Published: May 2023

The study is devoted to the expander turbine rotation speed regulator, considering the possibility of implementing this regulator on microprocessor automation tools. The use of expander-generator units in general improves energy saving indicators, and the ability to maintain the turbine shaft rotation speed within the specified limits, in turn, directly affects the indicators of the quality of the generated electricity. The expander turbine, as a control object, is described by non-linear equations, which determines the possibility of using regulators of different designs, and requires the selection of the most suitable one according to certain criteria. As part of the study, based on the tasks of practical implementation of the regulator on microprocessor devices, the expediency of reducing the transfer function of the model in the process of identifying the control object was confirmed. As a result of research on an experimental setup, it is shown that the use of a three-position relay regulator allows for regulation dynamics at the level of a classic PID regulator. An important result of the research is the stabilization of the turbine rotation speed, which affects the parameters of the electricity generated by the generator. The description of the control object was linearized by constructing a family of transfer functions for the operating points of the control range. For the construction of the turbine rotation speed regulator, the criterion of "minimum fluctuation of the parameter when changing its set value" is proposed. A regulator for a non-linear object with oscillatory features is built, which has a simple implementation and a cycle time of 1 ms. It makes it possible to reduce rotation speed fluctuations to 5 % and minimize the impact of rotation process disturbances
Improving the procedure for modeling low-frequency oscillations of the free surface liquid in a tractor tank
Authors: Kozhushko Andrii , Pelypenko Yevhen , Kravchenko Serhii , Danylenko Vitalii
Published: May 2023

This paper considers the influence of hydrodynamic processes in the movement of the free surface of liquid in partially filled tractor tanks. Splashing liquid in partially filled containers is a significant problem in the study of functional stability of movement in the marine, aerospace, rail, and automotive industries. After all, it affects productivity and traffic safety. The same effect was observed when performing transportation work while delivering liquid cargoes in the agricultural sector. That was due to increasing the transportation speeds of wheeled tractors. In the procedure, using the Rayleigh theory of surface waves, a linearized problem of motion of the free surface of a liquid is obtained. Based on Helmholtz's theorem, the components of scalar and Laplace field vector potentials of fluid velocity vector are separated. The potential problem for translational motion of fluid, in which vortex component of the field is absent, is considered. Instead of the fluid velocity potential, a scalar fluid displacement potential in Rayleigh surface waves was introduced. Comparing the results of calculating fluid splashing with the work of other scientists, a high convergence of natural frequencies of partial oscillators in 3D space was found. This is noticeable in the last quarter of the filling of the tank, in which significant displacements of the deep liquid occur. A feature of the results is the introduction, instead of the real shape of the container, an equivalent form of a parallelepiped, the final shape of which depends on the level of fullness. The frequency properties of movement of the free surface of liquid based on the standard size of tanks used in agriculture are separated. The proposed improved methodology could be used to increase stability, controllability, and smoothness when operating tanks with a wheeled tractor.