bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TIMELESS promotes the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells by activating EGFR through AMPK and SPHK1 regulation
Authors: Yin Houqing , Wang Zequn , Wang Dan , Nuer Muhadaisi , Han Mengyuan , Ren Peng , Ma Shanwu , Lin Chutong , Chen Jingjing , Xian Haocheng , Ai Dongmei , Li Xuejun , Ma Shaohua , Lin Zhiqiang , Pan Yan
Published: November 2022

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has high morbidity and is prone to recurrence. TIMELESS (TIM), which regulates circadian rhythms in Drosophila, is highly expressed in various
tumors.
Methods： We used tumor samples from patients with lung carcinoma and LUAD patient data from public databases to confirm the relationship of TIM expression with lung cancer. We used NSCLC cell lines and siRNA to knock down TIM expression, and further analyzed cell proliferation, migration and colony formation. By using western blot and qPCR, we detected the influence of TIM on EGFR, Sphk1 and AMPK. With proteomics analysis, we comprehensively inspected the different changed proteins influenced by TIM and did global bioinformatic analysis.
Results: In this study, we found that TIM expression was elevated in LUAD and that this high expression was positively correlated with more advanced tumor pathological stages and shorter overall and disease-free survival. Moreover, gefitinib efficacy in patients with LUAD could be influenced by TIM expression, and the antitumor effect of gefitinib was significantly improved with TIM knockdown. TIM knockdown inhibited epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation and phosphorylation of its downstream AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 pathways. We also clarified that TIM regulated the activation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) in LUAD cells, while SPHK1 knockdown inhibited EGFR activation. Quantitative proteomics techniques combined with bioinformatics analysis were adopted to clarify the global molecular mechanisms regulated by TIM in LUAD. The results of proteomics suggested that mitochondrial translation elongation and termination were altered, which were closely related to the process of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Knockdown of TIM reduced the ATP content and promoted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation.
Conclusions: Our study revealed that TIM could regulate EGFR activation through AMPK and SPHK1, as well as influence mitochondrial function and alter the ATP level; thus, TIM is a key factor in LUAD.
Identification of founder and novel mutations that cause congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) in Palestinian patients
Authors: Khaled Boushra , Alzahayqa Mahmoud , Jaffal Ahmad , Sallam Husam , Thawabta Rua’a , Mansour Mamoun , Salah Zaidoun
Published: November 2022

Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, which is characterized primarily by an inability to perceive physical pain from birth, resulting in the accumulation of bruising, inflammation and fractures that affect patient's life expectancy. In Palestine, because of high rate of consanguinity, this rare disease seems to have higher frequency than in other communities. However, there were no systematic studies to address the genetic factors that cause CIP in the Palestinian community. In this study, we genotyped members of five Palestinian CIP-affected families using Sanger and Whole exome sequencing approaches. Our results confirmed the presence of the founder mutation c.1931-ins- T in the NTRK1 gene of Palestinian Bedouin CIPA patients. This mutation was found in three out of the five participating families. In addition, in one CIPA family, we found the missense mutation (c.2170 G > A (G724 S) in exon 16 of NTRK1 gene. Finally, a novel nonsense mutation (c.901A > T, K301*) was detected in exon 7 of the SCN9A gene in CIP without anhidrosis family. In conclusion our study revealed three mutations that caused CIP, and CIPA in Palestinian community which would help in improving the diagnostic and genetic counseling process. And help in building a diagnostic and follow up protocol for the affected individuals, since early diagnosis and medical care interference could prevent a lot of unpleasant complication of CIP, and CIPA patients.
Phenylalanine-tRNA aminoacylation is compromised by ALS/FTD-associated C9orf72 C4G2 repeat RNA
Authors: Malnar Mirjana , Čerček Urša , Yin Xiaoke , Ho Manh Tin , Lampret Barbka Repič , Neuman Manuela , Hermann Andreas , Rouleau Guy , Suter Beat , Mayr Manuel , Rogelj Boris
Published: November 2022

The expanded hexanucleotide GGGGCC repeat mutation in the C9orf72 gene is the main genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Under one disease mechanism, sense and antisense transcripts of the repeat are predicted to bind various RNA-binding proteins, compromise their function and cause cytotoxicity. Focusing on cytoplasmic interaction of the CCCCGG antisense repeat RNA this study identifies phenylalanine-tRNA synthetase (FARS) subunit alpha (FARSA) as the main interactor. The aminoacylation of tRNAPhe by FARS is inhibited by antisense RNA, leading to decreased levels of charged tRNAPhe. Remarkably, this is associated with global reduction of phenylalanine incorporation in the proteome and significant decrease in expression of phenylalanine-rich proteins in cellular models and C9orf72 patient-derived cells. In conclusion, this research reveals functional inhibition of FARSA in the presence of antisense RNA repeats. Compromised aminoacylation of tRNA could lead to impairments in protein synthesis and further contribute to C9orf72 mutation-associated pathology.
Effectiveness of Intra-coronary Injection of Sodium Nitroprusside to The Treatment of Coronary No-Reflow Through Punctured Coronary Balloon
Authors: Lai Changchun , Wang Yunxiang
Published: November 2022

Background
Rapid restoration of TIMI 3 on case of no-reflow during PCI is imperative. Application of punctured coronary balloon intracoronary injection of sodium nitroprusside is a prompt, safe and effective method.
Objective
To investigate the effectiveness of intracoronary injection of Sodium Nitroprusside via punctured coronary balloon in the treatment of no-reflow in coronary artery.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 76 patients treated with intracoronary injection of Sodium Nitroprusside via punctured coronary balloon for coronary no-reflow.
Results
All 76 patients successfully completed intracoronary injection of Sodium Nitroprusside, with the improvement of no-reflow in coronary artery to TIMI grade III in 74 patients. There were two complications occurred in the early application of this technique: one was a punctured coronary balloon fracture left in the distal coronary artery, and the other was a difficult pullbacking of the punctured coronary balloon catheter. After improving the application method, no more complication case occurred in 67 cases afterward, and no complications such as coronary guide wire pulled out of the coronary artery, coronary artery dissection, coronary artery perforation, and coronary artery air embolism occurred.
Conclusion
Coronary no-reflow treatment with intracoronary injection of Sodium Nitroprusside via punctured coronary balloon is safe and effective when properly applied.
Responses of biomass accumulation and nutrient utilization along a phosphorus supply gradient in Leymus chinensis
Authors: Li Huijun , Liu Gongshe , Sheng Jiandong , Zhang Wentai , Zhao Hongmei , Hu Yutong , Kang Hongliang , Zhou Xiaoguo
Published: November 2022

Phosphorus (P) deficiencies are widespread in calcareous soils. The poor availability of nitrogen (N) and P in soils often restricts crop growth. However, the effects of P addition on plant growth and plant nutrient transport changes during the establishment of Leymus chinensis fields in Xinjiang are not clear. We investigated the responses of Leymus chinensis biomass and nutrient absorption and utilization to changes in soil N and P by adding P (0, 15.3, 30.6, and 45.9 kg ha-1 year-1) with basally applied N fertilizer (150 kg ha-1 year-1). The results showed that (a) Principal component analysis (PCA) of biomass, nutrient accumulation, soil available P, and soil available N during the different periods of Leymus chinensis growth showed that their cumulative contributions during the jointing and harvest periods reached 95.4% and 88%, respectively. (b) Phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) increased with the increase of P fertilizer gradient and then decreased and the maximum PUE was 13.14% under P2 treatment. The accumulation of biomass and nutrients in Leymus chinensis can be effectively improved by the addition of P fertilizer at P2. Different P additions either moderately promoted or excessively inhibited Leymus chinensis growth and nutrient utilization.
Establishing mammalian GLUT kinetics and lipid preferences in a reconstituted-liposome system
Authors: Saudea Albert , Qureshi Aziz , McComas Sarah , Coinçon Mathieu , Rudling Alex , Chatzikyriakidou Yurie , Landreh Michael , Carlsson Jens , Drew David
Published: November 2022

Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are essential for organism-wide glucose homeostasis in mammals. Due to their critical role in cellular growth and metabolism, GLUT dysfunction is associated with numerous diseases, such as diabetes and cancer. Despite structural advances, transport assays using purified GLUT have proven to be difficult to implement, hampering deeper mechanistic studies. Indeed, our understanding of the role of GLUT transporters to whole-body glucose homeostasis is largely derived from the kinetics of 2-deoxy-glucose and not D-glucose, as this sugar is rapidly phosphorylated in the cell. Here, we have optimized a transport assay in liposomes for the fructose-specific isoform GLUT5, and demonstrate how inaccuracies can be generated when assessing the impact of mutations and inhibitors with suboptimal activity. By combining lipidomic analysis with native MS and thermal-shift assays, we replicate the GLUT5 transport activities seen in crude lipids with a small number of synthetic lipids. Subsequently, we show how GLUT5 is only active under a specific range of membrane fluidity, and that human GLUT1-4 prefers a similar lipid composition. Although GLUT3 is designated as the high-affinity glucose transporter, in vitro D-glucose kinetics demonstrates that GLUT1 and GLUT3 actually have a similar KM, but GLUT3 has a higher turnover. Interestingly, GLUT4 has a high KM for D-glucose and yet a very slow turnover, which might be to ensure D-glucose uptake is regulated by insulin-dependent trafficking. Overall, our study provides a much-needed transport assay for analyzing in vitro GLUT activities, and implies that high-levels of free fatty acids in membranes, as found in those suffering from metabolic disorders, are a likely contributor to the impairment of glucose transport.
Experimental Study on the Nonlinear Flow Characteristics of Fractured Granite after High-Temperature Cycling
Authors: Li Tao , Zhang Qiang , Yin Qian , Dai Wanli
Published: November 2022

To understand the influence of temperature on the flow characteristics of fractured granite, high-temperature cyclic thermal treatment and flow tests on the fractured rock sample and intact rock sample were conducted. With the temperature increasing, the aperture of the fractures, the number of micro-fractures, and micropores increase which forms a large number of new connected hydraulic channels in the matrix. Forchheimer's law and Izbash equation can well describe the nonlinear flow characteristics, and the fitting coefficients are greater than 0.99. As the increasing temperature, the slope of the curve between the volumetric flow rate and pressure gradient gradually decreases and the coefficients in Forchheimer's law and the Izbash equation decrease. The transmissivity decrease with the increasing Reynolds number and the change range of that increase with the increasing temperature. When the temperature is at the lower level (T = 200 ~ 600 ℃), the contribution of split fracture to the permeability is greater than that of the matrix. When the temperature continuously increases to 800 ℃, the contribution of the matrix to the permeability gradually rises and then exceeds that of split fracture. The results indicate that 400 ℃ is the critical temperature, after which the flow characteristics of fractured granite after high-temperature cycling change more obviously.
Phase I Study of A166, a Novel Antibody-Drug Conjugate in Advanced HER2-expressing Solid Tumors
Authors: Hu Xichun , Zhang Jian , Liu Rujiao , Gao Shuiping , Li Wenhua , Chen Yang , Meng Yanchun , Liu Chang , Jin Wenyue , Yi Shuli , Qing Yan , Ge Junyou
Published: November 2022

Purpose: In this phase I study, the safety, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity of a novel HER2 targeted antibody–drug conjugate A166 were evaluated in patients with HER2-expressing advanced solid tumors.
Experimental Design: Patients received A166 at doses of 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, 3.6, 4.8, or 6.0 mg/kg Q3W.
Results: In total, 81 patients who had progressed on standard treatment were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed. The most common treatment-related adverse events at grade 3 or higher were corneal epitheliopathy (30.9%), blurred vision (18.5%), dry eyes (7.4%), and peripheral sensory neuropathy (6.2%). The Cmax and area under curve of Duo-5, its free payload, were about 0.1% and 0.2% of those of the ADC, respectively. For all assessable HER2-positive breast cancer patients enrolled in 4.8 mg/kg and 6.0 mg/kg cohorts, corresponding ORR was 73.9% (17/23) and 68.6% (24/35), respectively; and median PFS was 12.3 and 9.4 months, respectively.
Conclusions: A166 had a recommended phase II dose of 4.8 mg/kg, manageable toxicity, good stability in the circulation and promising antitumor activities in HER2-positive breast cancer patients.
Trial registration: CTR20181301 (www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn)
Paper microfluidic device enables rapid and on-site wastewater surveillance in community settings
Authors: Pan Yuwei , Wang Baojun , Cooper Jonathan , Yang Zhugen
Published: November 2022

Tracking genomic sequences as microbial biomarkers in wastewater has been used to determine community prevalence of infectious diseases, contributing to public health surveillance programs. Here we report upon a low-cost, rapid, and user-friendly paper microfluidic platform for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza detection, using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), with the signal read simply using a mobile phone camera. Sample-to-answer results were collected in < 1.5 hours providing rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses in wastewater, with a detection limit of < 20 copies µL-1. The device was subsequently used for on-site testing of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater samples from four quarantine hotels at London Heathrow Airport, showing comparable results to those obtained using a gold-standard polymerase chain reaction assay, as reference. Our sensing platform, which enables rapid and localized wastewater surveillance and does not require the sample to be sent to a centralized laboratory, is potentially an important public health tool for a wide variety of future applications, in community settings.
Identification of green lineage osmotic stress pathways uncovers a role for actin during stress acclimation
Authors: Vilarrasa-Blasi Josep , Vellosillo Tamara , Jinkerson Robert , fauser Frieder , Xiang Tingting , Minkoff Benjamin , Wang Lianyong , Kniazev Kiril , Guzman Michael , Osaki Jacqueline , Sussman Michael , Jonikas Martin , Dinneny José
Published: November 2022

Maintenance of water homeostasis is a fundamental cellular process required by all living organisms. Here, we use the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to establish a foundational understanding of evolutionarily conserved osmotic-stress signaling pathways in the green lineage through transcriptomics, phosphoproteomics, and functional genomics approaches. Five genes acting across diverse cellular pathways were found to be essential for osmotic-stress tolerance in Chlamydomonas including cytoskeletal organization, potassium transport, vesicle trafficking, mitogen-activated protein kinase and chloroplast signaling. We show that homologs of these genes in the multicellular land plant Arabidopsis thaliana have conserved functional roles in stress tolerance and reveal a novel PROFILIN-dependent actin remodeling stage of acclimation that ensures cell survival and tissue integrity upon osmotic stress. This study highlights the conservation of the stress response in algae and land plants and establishes Chlamydomonas as a unicellular plant model system to dissect the osmotic stress signaling pathway.
Amorphization boost multi-ion storage for high-performance aqueous batteries
Authors: Jin Bowen , Liu Yuanhui , Cui Junya , Zhang Shimeng , Wu Yu , Xu Annan , Xu Ming , Shao Mingfei
Published: November 2022

Regarding the complex properties of various cations, the design of aqueous batteries that can simultaneously store multi-ions with high capacitance and satisfactory rate performance is a great challenge. Here we report an amorphization strategy to boost cation-ion storage capacitances of anode materials. Consequently, amorphous MoOx achieves high capacitance in variety of monovalent (H+, Li+, K+), divalent (Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+) and even trivalent (Al3+) aqueous electrolyte, which is more than 4 times higher than that of crystalline MoOx, and exceeds other reported multiple-ion storage materials. Both experiment and theory calculations reveal ample of active site and isotropic ion are generated in amorphous phase, accelerating cation migration within the bulk of electrode. By coupling with multi-ion storage cathodes, the assembled electrochemical energy storage devices with different carriers display promising energy density and high power density (> 15000 W kg− 1), demonstrative of great potential as advanced aqueous batteries.
Research on bridge pier crack identification method based on improved GOA and SVM
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Ye Jiahui , Wang Houlian , Sui Jian , Li Yinqi
Published: November 2022

Due to the changeable sea current conditions and the uncertainty of the sediment situation, the piers in the offshore area are partially washed by seawater, resulting in the fragile parts of the piers being eroded by seawater. When erosion reaches a certain depth, it can threaten the safety of the bridge structure. In order to improve the accuracy of bridge pier crack identification, a bridge pier crack identification method based on an improved grasshopper optimization algorithm optimized support vector machines (SVM) is proposed. To improve the Grasshopper Optimisation Algorithm (GOA), first select piecewise chaotic functions for mapping. This will increase the diversity of GOA and improve its convergence speed. Secondly, the Cauchy mutation is added to avoid the GOA from falling into the local optimum, and the global optimum is optimized, and the adaptive update strategy is introduced at the local position update to continuously and automatically adjust the control parameter c during the iteration process, which improves the local search capability of the GOA. Finally, the improved Grasshopper Optimisation Algorithm (IGOA) is used to optimize the penalty factor and the kernel function parameter \(\sigma\) in the Support Vector Machine (SVM). IGOA is compared with various algorithms for fitness, and IGOA-SVM is compared with SVM and GOA-SVM experimentally, and the results show that IGOA has the best fitness, and IGOA-SVM is an efficient SVM optimization algorithm with obvious effects and the highest classification accuracy.
Modeling Thermophysical Properties of Glasses
Authors: Lucia Angelo , Gregory Otto
Published: November 2022

Metal oxide glasses are important in various industries because their properties can be tailored to meet application-specific requirements. However, there are few rigorous modeling tools for predicting thermomechanical properties of these materials with acceptable accuracy and speed, yet these properties can play a critical role in material design. In this article, a general multi-scale modeling framework based on Monte Carlo simulation and a cubic equation of state for predicting thermomechanical properties is presented. There are two novel and fundamental aspects of this work: (1) characterization of glass transition and softening temperatures as adjacent saddle points on the heat capacity versus temperature curve, and (2) a new moving boundary equation of state that accounts for structure and ‘soft’ repulsion. In addition, modeling capabilities are demonstrated by comparing thermomechanical properties of a pure B2O3 glass and PbO-B2O3 glass predicted by the equation of state to experimental data. Finally, this work provides a rigorous approach to estimating thermophysical properties for the purpose of guiding experimental work directed at tailoring thermomechanical properties of glasses to fit applications.
Revision surgery for recurrent dislocation following total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Toyoda Takashi , Oe Kenichi , Iida Hirokazu , Nakamura Tomohisa , Okamoto Naofumi , Saito Takanori
Published: November 2022

Background
There are many therapeutic options for dislocation following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of revision surgery for dislocated hips.
Methods
Between November 2001 and December 2020, 71 consecutive revision hip surgeries were performed at our institution for recurrent dislocation following THA. We conducted a retrospective study of all 65 patients (71 hips), who were followed for a mean of 4.7 years (range, 1–14). The cohort included 48 women and 17 men, with a mean age of 71 years (range, 34–92). The mean number of previous surgeries was 1.6 (range, 1–5). Revision hip surgeries for recurrent dislocation following THA were classified as follows: open reduction and internal fixation, 2 hips; only head change or only liner change, 6 hips; only cup change with head size up, 14 hips; only stem change, 7 hips; cup and stem change, 24 hips; and conversion to constrained cup, 18 hips. Prosthesis survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, with repeat revision surgery for re-dislocation or implant failure considered the endpoint. Cox proportional hazards model was performed for risk factors of re-revision surgery.
Results
Re-dislocation occurred in 5 hips (7.0%) and implant failure occurred in 1 hip (1.4%). The 10-year survival rate was 81.1% (95% confidence interval, 65.5–96.8). A risk factor for re-revision surgery due to re-dislocation was “positional” according to Dorr’s classification.
Conclusion
It is important to assess the cause of the dislocation to determine the most appropriate procedure.
Gene knockdown in HaCaT cells by small interfering RNAs entrapped in grapefruit- derived extracellular vesicles using a microfluidic device
Authors: Itakura Shoko , Shohji Ayaka , Amagai Sayaka , Kitamura Masashi , Takayama Kozo , Sugibayashi Kenji , Todo Hiroaki
Published: November 2022

Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) knockdown the expression of target genes by causing mRNA degradation and are a promising therapeutic modality. In clinical practice, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are used to deliver RNAs, such as siRNA and mRNA, into cells. However, these artificial nanoparticles are toxic and immunogenic. Thus, we focused on extracellular vesicles (EVs), natural drug delivery systems, for the delivery of nucleic acids. EVs deliver RNAs and proteins to specific tissues to regulate various physiological phenomena in vivo. Here, we propose a novel method for the preparation siRNAs encapsulated in EVs using a microfluidic device (MD). MDs can be used to generate nanoparticles, such as LNPs, by controlling flow rate to the device, but the loading of siRNAs into EVs using MDs has not been reported previously. In this study, we demonstrated a method for loading siRNAs into grapefruit-derived EVs (GEVs), which have gained attention in recent years for being plant-derived EVs developed using an MD. GEVs were collected from grapefruit juice using the one-step sucrose cushion method, and then GEVs-siRNA-GEVs were prepared using an MD device. The morphology of GEVs and siRNA-GEVs was observed using a cryogenic transmission electron microscope. Cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of GEVs or siRNA-GEVs were evaluated by microscopy using HaCaT cells. The prepared siRNA-GEVs encapsulated 11% of siRNAs. Moreover, intracellular delivery of siRNA and gene suppression effects in HaCaT cells were achieved using these siRNA-GEVs. Our findings suggested that MDs can be used to prepare siRNA-EV formulations.
Analysis of the machinability of different types of sintered carbides with WEDM in both water and oil bath
Authors: Mouralova Katerina , Benes Libor , Prokes Tomas , Zahradnicek Radim , Fries Jiri , Plichta Tomas
Published: November 2022

The unconventional Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM) technology represents a vital manufacturing technology in different industrial branches. This technology is essential because of the possibility to machine difficult-to-machine materials such as sintered carbides. For this reason, this study analyses the machinability of sintered carbides WKP23S, WSM33S a WK1 with WEDM in both water and oil baths. We investigated the influence of the machining parameters, namely, pulse off time, gap voltage, discharge current, pulse on time, and wire feed, on the cutting speed, surface roughness, and defect occurrence. We investigated 9 different roughness parameters, analysed surface morphology with an electron microscope, and also analysed cross-sectioned samples. We found out that machining sintered carbides in oil bath yields better results than machining in deionized water. The oil tank prevents the removal of the cobalt binder, but it doesn’t reduce fissure occurrence in any significant way.
Design of a workshop for focused rescue transesophageal echocardiography in nurse anesthesia: a small-scale mixed methods study
Authors: Swerdlow Barry , Osborne-Smith Lisa , Soelberg Julie
Published: November 2022

Background
Use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) by certified registered nurse anesthetists to assess hemodynamic instability during noncardiac surgery is an emerging trend which has created a need for additional training. Unfortunately, the ideal TEE curriculum has yet to be defined to teach nurse anesthesia providers the cognitive and motor skills that will allow them to efficiently acquire and accurately interpret images for this purpose. The primary aim of this prospective, observational study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a 2-day workshop to teach this skill set to nurse anesthesia students with no prior TEE experience.
Methods
The workshop was based on a focused rescue TEE protocol employing a limited number of views and using a goal-directed, qualitative assessment of critical physiologic parameters. A cohort consisting of 14 second-year nurse anesthesia students was evaluated following this training by quantitative simulator-based testing during hypothetical clinical scenarios. Thereafter, the workshop was assessed by online questionnaire, and quantitative analysis was performed on the results of this qualitative survey.
Results
Participants acquired appropriate TEE views associated with clinical scenarios 99% of the time and correctly interpreted the pathology in those views 93% of the time. In addition, nurse anesthesia trainees uniformly perceived significant educational value in this workshop and were likely to incorporate TEE in their future clinical practice.
Conclusions
A 2-day workshop to teach focused rescue TEE to nurse anesthesia trainees directed by a streamlined protocol based on a limited number of views is feasible and provides useful beginning competency in this diagnostic modality.
Comparison of Renal Growth in Breastfed and Artificial Fed Infants
Authors: Alam Aisha Tariq , Ijaz Iftikhar , Qureshi Muhammad Ahmad , Mukhtar Muhammad Umer , Mehmood Qasim , Abbas Farnaz , Junaid Khunsa
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Renal growth in infancy determines renal function in adulthood and can easily be assessed via infant renal volume. Renal growth is influenced by many endogenous and exogenous factors among which nutrition is of prime importance. Worldwide, infants get their nutrition either from breast milk or formula, both of which have controversial roles in kidney growth and development.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on healthy infants in Pediatric Nephrology Department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore. These infants were either breastfed or artificially fed and their kidney volumes were noted to determine any significant difference in kidney size. Both informed and written consent was taken before data collection and the data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.
Results: Out of 80 infants included in our study, 55% were male and 45% were female. Mean age was 8.9 months and mean weight was 7.6 kg. Mean total kidney volume was 45.38 cm3 and mean relative kidney volume was 6.12 cm3/kg. No statistical difference in relative renal volume was found between breast fed and artificial fed infants.
Conclusion: The present study aimed to compare the renal volume and thus renal growth in breast fed versus formula fed infants. No statistical significance was found in relative renal volume between breast fed and artificial fed infants.
The product of the PD-L1 expression and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of postoperative recurrence in non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Samejima Hironobu , Kojima Kensuke , Fujiwara Ayako , Tokunaga Toshiteru , Okishio Kyoichi , Yoon Hyungeun
Published: November 2022

While the PD-L1 expression and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer, few studies have considered their interaction. We hypothesized that the product of the PD-L1 expression (tumor proportion score) and NLR (PD-L1×NLR) might be a postoperative prognostic marker reflecting the immune microenvironment of lung cancer. We analyzed the association between PD-L1×NLR and the postoperative recurrence-free survival in 616 non-small-cell lung cancer patients using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. In the analysis of PD-L1×NLR as a categorical variable, the group with PD-L1×NLR ≥ 25.8 had a significantly higher hazard ratio (HR) than the group with < 25.8 (HR 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–2.85). The HR for PD-L1×NLR, considered a continuous variable, was 1.004 (95% CI 1.002–1.006). The risk of postoperative recurrence increased 1.004-fold for each unit increase in PD-L1×NLR, and a more than 2-fold increase in risk was observed for the values of ≥ 170. The PD-L1×NLR may be used in real-world clinical practice as a marker to predict the risk of recurrence after lung cancer surgery.
Big Five Factors of Personality, Impulsivity and Response Inhibition in Aviation Employees
Authors: Roodbandi Akram Sadat Jafari , Choobineh Alireza , Shakerian Mahnaz Mahnaz , Forozanfar Zohreh , Nami Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Background and aim: Working in critical industries including aviation, requires employees to think accurate and fast and to be responsive in conditions of uncertainty. Impulsive and risky behaviors are mostly occured with little thought and in an immature manner leading to response inhibition difficulties. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between personality and impulsivity with response inhibition among aviation employees.
Method: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 55 participants were recruited through stratified random sampling method to complete the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the BIS-11 self-report questionnaire. In addition, participants completed of the Stop Signal Task (SST), which is a computerized test measuring an individual's ability to inhibit a prepared response. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 20.
Results: The SST proportion of successful stops was between 0.5 and 0.86. The SST mean correct reaction time (RT) on go trials was 804 milliseconds. There was an inverse and statistically significant relationship between age and cognitive impulsivity (p=-0.285*, r=0.042). A statistically significant correlation was found between the trait of neuroticism and the score of total impulsivity.
In terms of personality traits, aviation employees tend to be extroverted, relatively compatible, relatively agreeable, and relatively responsible and conscientious. The results showed that a higher score in extroversion and openness to experience is associated with a lower SSRT.
Conclusion:Increasing age can be considered as a protective factor in cognitive impulsivity. There was a trade-off between reaction time and the number of successful inhibitions.
A TDP-43 acetylation-mimic mutation that disrupts RNA-binding drives FTLD-like neurodegeneration in a mouse model of sporadic TDP-43 proteinopathy
Authors: Necarsulmer Julie , Simon Jeremy , Evangelista Baggio , Chen Youjun , Tian Xu , Nafees Sara , Gonzalez Ariana Marquez , Wang Ping , Ajit Deepa , Nikolova Viktoriya , Harper Kathryn , Ezzell Jennifer , Beltran Adriana , Moy Sheryl , Cohen Todd
Published: November 2022

TDP-43 proteinopathies including frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by aggregation and mislocalization of TDP-43 and subsequent neuronal dysfunction. Here, we developed an endogenous model of sporadic TDP-43 proteinopathy based on the principle that disease-associated TDP-43 acetylation at lysine 145 (K145) alters TDP-43 conformation, impairs RNA-binding capacity, and induces downstream mis-regulation of target genes. Expression of acetylation-mimic TDP-43K145Q resulted in stress-induced phase-separated TDP-43 foci and loss-of-TDP-43-function in mouse primary neurons and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Mice harboring the TDP-43K145Q mutation recapitulate key hallmarks of FTLD-TDP, including progressive TDP-43 phosphorylation and insolubility, mis-localization, transcriptomic and splicing alterations, and cognitive dysfunction. Our study suggests that TDP-43 acetylation drives neuronal dysfunction and cognitive decline through aberrant splicing and transcription of critical genes, many of which modulate synaptic plasticity and stress response signaling. Unraveling this neurodegenerative cascade provides a new paradigm to interrogate FTLD pathogenesis.
Closed-Loop Future Prediction of Continuous Ankle Kinematics and Kinetics Using Residual Muscle Signals of Transtibial Amputees
Authors: Zabre-Gonzalez Erika V. , Silver-Thorn Barbara , Current Thomas , Voglewede Philip A. , Koehler-McNicholas Sara R. , Beardsley Scott A.
Published: November 2022

Background Despite performance improvements in active lower limb prostheses, there remains a need for control techniques that incorporate direct user intent (e.g., myoelectric control) to limit the physical and cognitive demands and provide continuous, natural gait across terrains. Methods The ability of a nonlinear autoregressive neural network with exogenous inputs (NARX) to continuously predict future (up to 142 ms ahead of time) ankle angle and moment of three transtibial amputees was examined across ambulation conditions (level overground walking, stair ascent, and stair descent) and terrain transitions. Within-socket residual EMG of the prosthetic side, in conjunction with sound-limb shank velocity, were used as inputs to the single-network NARX model to predict sound-limb ankle dynamics. By overlaying the ankle dynamics of the sound limb onto the prosthesis, the approach is a step forward to establish a more normal gait by creating symmetric gait patterns. The NARX model was trained and tested as a closed-loop network (model predictions fed back as recurrent inputs, rather than error-free targets) to ensure accuracy and stability when implemented in a feedback control system. Results Ankle angle and moment predictions of amputee models were accurate across ambulation conditions and terrain transitions with root-mean-square errors (RMSE) less than 3.7 degrees and 0.22 Nm/kg, respectively, and cross-correlations (R2) greater than 0.89 and 0.93, respectively, for predictions 58 ms ahead of time. The closed-loop NARX model had similar performance when characterizing normal ranges of ankle dynamics across able-bodied participants (n = 6;RMSEθ< 2.7°,R2θ> 0.95,RMSEM< 0.11 Nm/kg,R2M> 0.98 for predictions 58 ms ahead of time). Model performance was stable across a range of different EMG profiles, leveraging both EMG and shank velocity inputs for the prediction of ankle dynamics across ambulation conditions. Conclusions The use of natural, yet altered in amputees, muscle activity with information about limb state, coupled with the closed-loop predictive design, could provide intuitive user-driven and robust control by counteracting delays and proactively modifying gait in response to observed changes in terrain. The model takes an important step toward continuous real-time feedback control of active ankle-foot prostheses and robotic devices.
Constructing NaYF4: Yb, Tm@NH2-MIL-125(Ti) with up-conversion photoluminescence and its enhanced full-spectrum photocatalytic performance
Authors: Lou Yang , Wu Siqi , Wang Guanlong , Dong Xiaoli , Zhang Xiufang
Published: November 2022

The low utilization of solar energy due to the narrow response spectra limits the performance of current photocatalysts. Utilizing up-conversion photoluminescence is one of the effective methods to enhance photocatalytic ability. A new photocatalyst, NaYF4: Yb, Tm nanoparticles (NYT) embedded in NH2-MIL-125(Ti) (NYT@NH2-MIL-125(Ti)), was constructed aiming to efficiently degrade pollutant under full-spectrum illumination. The characterization certified that NYT had been successfully embedded in NH2-MIL-125(Ti). The photocatalytic activity of NYT@NH2-MIL-125(Ti) was tested by degrading rhodamine B (RhB). The NYT@NH2-MIL-125(Ti) showed significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity compared with NH2-MIL-125(Ti), whose degradation kinetic constant of RhB was 3.73 times that of NH2-MIL-125(Ti). The enhanced photocatalytic performance should be attributed to the expanded response light spectra. Under illumination, NYT absorbs near infrared (NIR) light and emits visible light, which stimulates NH2-MIL-125(Ti) to produce photo-generated electrons-holes. Free radical trapping experiments certified that holes(h+) plays a major role in the photocatalytic process. This work deepens the understanding of construction of high-efficiency photocatalyst with a broad spectrum response, and promotes the application of photocatalysis in water pollution control.
Extracting the Invisible: Mesial Temporal Source Detection in Simultaneous EEG and SEEG Recordings
Authors: Ternisien Eric , Cecchin Thierry , Colnat-Coulbois Sophie , Maillard Louis Georges , Koessler Laurent
Published: November 2022

Epileptic source detection relies mainly on visual expertise of scalp EEG signals, but it is recognised that epileptic discharges can escape to this expertise due to a deep localization of the brain sources that induce a very low, even negative, signal to noise ratio. In this methodological study, we aimed at automatically extract deep mesial temporal sources that were invisible in scalp EEG signals using blind source separation (BSS) methods (infomax ICA, extended infomax ICA, and JADE) combined with a statistical measure (kurtosis). We estimated the effect of different methodological and physiological parameters that could alter or improve the automatic extraction. Using nine well-defined mesial epileptic networks (1,949 spikes) obtained from seven patients and simultaneous EEG-SEEG recordings, the first independent component extracted from the scalp EEG signals was validated in mean from 46–80% according to the different parameters. The three BSS methods equally performed (no significant difference) and no influence of the number of scalp electrodes used was found. At the opposite, the number and amplitude of spikes included in the averaging before the extraction modified the performance. Anyway, despite their invisibility in scalp EEG signals, this study demonstrates that deep source extraction is feasible under certain conditions and with the use of common signal analysis toolboxes. This finding confirms the crucial need to continue the signal analysis of scalp EEG recordings for extracting new electrophysiological biomarkers.
Do nomadic lactobacilli fit as potential vaginal probiotics? The answer lies in a successful selective multi-step and scoring approach
Authors: Cappello Claudia , Acin-Albiac Marta , Pinto Daniela , Polo Andrea , Filannino Pasquale , Rinaldi Fabio , Gobbetti Marco , Cagno Raffaella Di
Published: November 2022

Background
The goal of this study was to create a multi-strain probiotic gel that would foster a lactobacilli-dominated vaginal microbiota in pregnant women and ensure appropriate eubiosis for the newborn. Nomadic lactobacilli (95 strains), mostly isolated from food sources, were preliminarily screened for functional traits before being characterized for their capability to inhibit the two vaginal pathogens Streptococcus agalactiae and Candida albicans, which may lead to adverse pregnancy-related outcomes. Eight best-performing strains were chosen and furtherly investigated for their ability to produce biofilm. Lastly, the two selected potential probiotic candidates were analyzed in vitro for their ability to reduce the inflammation caused by C. albicans infection on the reconstituted human vaginal epithelium (HVE).
Results
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum produced both isomers of lactic acid, while Lacticaseibacillus paracasei produced only L-isomer. The production of hydrogen peroxide was strain-dependent, with the highest concentrations found within Lact. paracasei strains. The auto-aggregation capacity and hydrophobicity traits were species-independent. S. agalactiae 88II3 was strongly inhibited both at pH 7.0 and 4.0, whereas the inhibition of C. albicans UNIBZ54 was less frequent. Overall, L. plantarum strains had the highest pathogen inhibition and functional scoring. L. plantarum C5 and POM1, which were selected as potential probiotic candidates also based on their ability to form biofilms, were able to counteract the inflammation process caused by C. albicans infection in the HVE model.
Conclusions
Our multi-step and cumulative scoring-based approach was proven successful in mining and highlighting the probiotic potential of two nomadic lactobacilli strains (L. plantarum C5 and POM1), being applicable to preserve and improve human vaginal health.
Research on the evolution of the deviatoric stress and control of a gas extraction roadway under mining influence
Authors: Shan Renliang , Wei Yonghui , Wang Chunhe , Li Zhaolong , Zhao Yan , Tong Xiao , Xiao Shengchao
Published: November 2022

Aiming at the considerable deformation of the surrounding rock and the difficulty of supporting a roadway affected by the mining of close-distance coal seams, this paper takes the 10607 gas extraction roadway of the Malan Coal Mine as the subject of the study, an analysis of the stress distribution of roadway surrounding rock is conducted using a circular hole problem involving plane strains. Using a mechanical model of the roadway, the formula for the second invariant J2 of the deviatoric stress is theoretically derived. The deviatoric stress distribution characteristics of the coal pillar floor and the longwall panel floor are analyzed by using the simulation calculation software, and the deviatoric stress evolution of the surrounding rock of the lower gas extraction roadway during the mining of the upper coal seam longwall panel in the close-distance coal seams is studied. According to the evolution of the deviatoric stress of the surrounding rock of the gas extraction roadway during the mining, a CFST composite support reinforcement scheme is proposed and applied to the 10607 gas extraction roadway of the Malan Coal Mine.
A bibliometric study of emerging trends in the equity options segment
Authors: Singh Tejinder , Bajwa Rubeena
Published: November 2022

Index options and stock options are part of equity options segment in particular and the equity derivatives segment in general. This study examines the evolution of index options and stock options as modern financial instruments along with open interest. 759 studies were reviewed from 1982 to 2022. The equity options market informational content is particularly helpful in forecasting future prices. As a result, it is a favourite of traders and short-term investors, but this subject needs more research. The study used a bibliometric and network analysis tool to identify the most cited studies, leading journals, and authors. The thematic structure of research on equity options and open interest has been inferred using the bibliometric analyses in this review paper. With the help of the Scopus database, the results have been summarized, covering the broad topics of volatility, options and option prices, stochastic models, financial markets and stock markets, hedging, Granger causality, price determination, model test, information asymmetry, equity and the VIX index. During this review study, researchers found that day traders and short-term investors can use the information in open interest, index options, and stock options to predict future prices.JEL ClassificationG1 · G3 · G12 · G14
A Prognostic and Immunological Analysis of 7B-containing Kelch structural domain（KLHDC7B）in Pan- Cancer: A Potential Target for Immunotherapy and Survival
Authors: Ji Xunhui , Ding Jiatong , Liu Lanqi , Chen De-Zhi , Luo Nan , Guo Fei , Yu Xiao-Ting
Published: November 2022

Purpose
KLHDC7B is a member of Kelch family, with a Kelch domain in the C-terminal half, which plays a role in various cellular events, such as cytoskeletal arrangement, protein degradation, gene expression. Despite increasing evidence supporting KLHDC7B's vital role in tumorigenesis, a systematic analysis of KLHDC7B in cancers is lacking. Therefore, we intended to investigate the prognostic value for KLHDC7B across 33 cancer types and explore its potential immunological function.
Methods
GEO and TCGA databases were used to explore the role of KLHDC7B in 33 cancers. TIMER2, GEPIA2 and Kaplan–Meier plotter were utilized to explore the KLHDC7B expression level and prognostic value in different cancers. The pan cancer genetic variation and DNA methylation of KLHDC7B were analyzed by cBioPortal and MEXPRESS.TIMER2 was employed to investigate the correlation between KLHDC7B expression and immune infiltration. The relationship of KLHDC7B expression with TMB (tumor mutational burden) and MSI (microsatellite instability) were evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis. Finally, by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, the underlying mechanisms of KLHDC7B in tumor pathophysiology were further investigated.
Results
KLHDC7B expression level was related to pathological stage, MSI, TMB, and immune cell infiltration in most cancers. Additionally, survival analysis showed that the expression of KLHDC7B was connected with overall survival (OS) in 3 cancers and disease-free survival (DFS) in five cancers. Furthermore, the enrichment analysis revealed that the KLHDC7B collecting genes and binding proteins are related to the function of proteins and immune response of cells.
Conclusion
KLHDC7B demonstrate strong clinical utility as markers of prognostic and immune response in pan-cancer.
Do remittances increase tax revenues in developing countries? Evidence from the threshold regression models
Authors: BANGAKE Chrysost , AVOM Désiré , NDOYA Hermann , ADOUMA Prince
Published: November 2022

This paper provides original econometric evidence on the effect of remittances on tax revenue in developing countries. In applying the system generalized methods of moments (SGMM) and the panel threshold regression method to a sample of 83 developing countries over the period 1990–2019, we find two major results. First, remittances positively and significantly affect tax revenue in developing countries. Second, as far as the nonlinear relationship is concerned, we find two extreme regimes with a smooth shift characterizing the remittances-tax revenue nexus, with respect to conditional variables; remittance effects are positive and significant under the first regime and negative and significant under the second. Furthermore, our findings show that the nonlinear relationship between remittances and tax revenue depends on the levels of informal economy, law and order, corruption and trade openness.