bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern Approaches for the Physical Training of Young Female Basketball Players
Authors: Komotska Oksana , Sushko Ruslana
Published: June 2022

The study purpose was to substantiate, develop and test the effectiveness of the author’s program for physical training of young female basketball players in the pre-competition period of the macrocycle preparatory stage, and to experimentally test its effectiveness. 

Materials and methods. The subjects were 15 young female basketball players born in 2007-2008, third year of study (1st year of study in the basic training group), members of the All-Ukrainian Youth Basketball League (AUYBL), who participated in the experimental program to improve their physical fitness. Three tests on six indicators of physical fitness were conducted. The results of a consecutive experiment for young basketball players during their training in the camp were analyzed and interpreted.

Results. The author’s program for physical training of young female basketball players was developed and implemented during the training camp in order to increase their level of physical fitness and preparation for participation in the AUYBL competitions. The results of the study, which were obtained during a series of experiments, allowed to examine and analyze six indicators of physical fitness, and to substantiate the effectiveness of modern approaches to physical training of young female basketball players in the pre-competition period of the macrocycle preparatory stage. They were based on the minimization of additional workload and focused concentration of female athletes on the quality of specific exercises in a limited period.

Conclusions. The analysis of the results, the indicators of physical fitness of young female basketball players, allows to state that the use of the author’s program for physical training makes it possible to record the improvement of physical fitness on tests that have speed-strength and strength orientation, namely: high jump, long jump, run for 40 s, flexion-extension of the arms at thrust lying for 30 s. According to the indicators of speed tests (20 m run and 60 m sprint), no statistically significant differences were recorded, with a tendency to their improvement.
Determination of Model Characteristics and Evaluation Criteria for Strength Training of Qualified Armwrestling Student-Athletes
Authors: Bezkorovainyi Dmytro , Kamayev Oleg , Vlasko Stanislav , Plotnytskyi Leonid , Sadovska Irina
Published: June 2022

Research purpose. The aim of the study was to determine the model indicators of strength readiness of qualified armwrestling student-athletes in the weight category from 80 to 100 kg in 4 strength exercises: flexion of the fingers, stretch with a hammer, hook and bending of the hand.

Materials and Methods. The study involved 16 qualified armwrestling student-athletes weighing from 80 to 100 kg (M = 86,63 kg), 7 of which are participants of national championships of Ukraine, and 9 of which are prize-winners of competitions of regional level. During the study, strength indicators were determined in 4 competitive exercises. Strength indices in all test exercises were measured in a static mode by an FB5k series digital force gauge (Poland) with an accuracy class of up to 100 g, which was mounted on a special armwrestling table using a specially made block device. The created design was called the “ARM1 Device” (patent 43082). During the statistical analysis, the following parameters were calculated: arithmetic mean (M), standard deviation (σ), error of representativeness (m) and the coefficient of variation (V).

Results. The analysis of the strength capabilities of the qualified student-armwrestlers and the presented models of their strength readiness made it possible to develop assessment criteria for the level of strength readiness of the qualified student-armwrestlers. Three levels of strength readiness have been identified: low (M - σ), high (M + σ) and medium, i.e. more than (M - σ) but less than (M + σ). Comparative analysis of the ratios of different levels of strength training in this group of armwrestling athletes allowed to determine from 128 indicators of strength 14.84% (n = 19) of low level, 62.50% (n = 80) of medium level and 22.66% (n = 29) of high level.

Conclusions. The study made it possible to establish the features of the levels of development of strength training of qualified armwrestling athletes weighing from 80 to 100 kg. The model indicators of strength training of qualified armwrestlers were also determined. The analysis found that the subject athletes have an insufficient level of strength training and are not fully realized in terms of strength capabilities (62.50% indicators of the average level of strength).
The Shapes of Dissent: Protest, Masculinities, and Nuclear Expertise
Authors: Strasser Bruno , Editorial Collective
Published: June 2022

The author has identified the following error in the published article:

 

Errata for Strasser, Bruno J. 2022. “The Shapes of Dissent: Masculinities, Protest, and Nuclear Expertise.” Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 8(1): 105–127. https://doi.org/10.17351/ests2022.939

 

 

On page 109, in the main copy it should read “Creys-Malville was different from all other existing commercial reactors and was envisioned as a public demonstration that this technology was the way to the future (Le Renard 2018)” rather than Superphénix.

 

 

On page 112, in the main copy it should read “Public protests against Superphénix began as early as 1976, both around the construction site and in nearby cities.” rather than Creys-Malville.
Science & Dissent: Alternative Temporalities, Geographies, Epistemologies
Authors: Moore Kelly , Strasser Bruno , Editorial Collective
Published: June 2022

The authors have identified the following error in the published article:

 

This Erratum relates to the following article: Moore, Kelly, and Bruno J. Strasser. 2022. “Science & Dissent: Alternative Temporalities, Geographies, Epistemologies.” Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 8(1): 53–71. https://doi.org/10.17351/ests2022.489.

 

 

On page 59, in the main copy it should read: “Instead of focusing on “types” of dissent or static rules that shape the outcome of dissent, like Delborne (2008), traces dissent and resistance as longer-term projects with varied cultural meanings, undercutting the focus on “wins” or “losses,” since changes in law, economy and personnel can easily modify a given outcome.” Rather than, “Instead of focusing on “types” of dissent or static rules that shape the outcome of dissent, like Delborne (2008), the variety of approaches trace dissent and resistance as longer-term projects with varied cultural meanings, undercutting the focus on “wins” or “losses,” since changes in law, economy and personnel can easily modify a given outcome.”

 

On page 63, in the main copy the reference to (Topçu 2022) has been added when the author’s work has been referenced.

 

On page 65, in the acknowledgements the following addition has been made: “as well as the Swiss National Science Foundation for generous funding through a Consolidator Grant BSCGIO_158887 (BJ Strasser).” The acknowledgment now reads: “We thank Nathalia Hernández Vidal, and the reviewers and editors of Engaging Science, Technology and Society for their guidance and comments, as well as the Swiss National Science Foundation for generous funding through a Consolidator Grant BSCGIO_158887 (BJ Strasser).”
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Mathematical Modeling in Primary School: Students' Opinions and Suggestions on Modeling Activities Applied as a Teaching Experiment
Authors: KAYGISIZ İsmail , ŞENEL Emine Aysın
Published: June 2022

One of the main purposes of teaching mathematics is to enable students to solve real-life problems and relate mathematics to real-life situations. As a way of facilitating the teaching of mathematics, it should be applied in lessons with mathematical modeling activities of real life problems. The aim of this study is to determine the views of primary school 4th grade students who have experienced mathematical modeling activities for 9 weeks and their suggestions for future modeling activities.The participants of the study are 12 students selected by purposive sampling method among 69 students attending the 4th grade of a public school in Konya in the 2019/2020 academic year. As a result of the study, students; In addition to positive opinions such as increasing the interest of mathematical modeling activities in the lesson, increasing their success in mathematics lessons and improving their social skills, they also expressed negative opinions such as long questions, problems in group work and insufficient time.
On Eigenvalue And Eigenvector Perceptions of Undergraduate Pre-service Mathematics Teachers
Authors: YILMAZ Şerife
Published: June 2022

Analysis of systems that can be expressed in matrices is very important in the field of application. Whether such a system works properly is determined by eigenvalues of the matrix representing the system. Eigenvalue and eigenvector concepts are taught within the scope of linear algebra course at undergraduate level. In this study, perceptions of undergraduate students who took the linear algebra course about the eigenvalue-eigenvector concepts are investigated. The research is conducted with the participation of 95 students from the Faculty of Education, Department of Mathematics Education. A scale measuring the students’ approached about eigen theory was developed. For the reliability of the scale, Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20) reliability analysis was done and 0,72 was obtained. To see the relationship between learning outcomes and academic achievement is used the chi-square test and descriptive analysis are made in the study. Problems arising in the perception of eigenvalue and solutions are presented.
A Design Study To Develop The Proof Skills Of Mathematics Pre-Service Teachers
Authors: ER Sema , DOST Şenol
Published: June 2022

Mathematical proof, addition to its duties such as verifying and explaining a claim, aids the understanding of mathematics and the formation of new information, thereby increasing its importance in mathematics education. Proving skills need to be developed to learn mathematics and find effective solutions in real-life problem situations. Given the importance of proof in mathematics education, it is critical to develop appropriate teaching practices to increase pre-service teachers' knowledge of proof, proving, and understanding levels, particularly in departments of mathematics teachers, to provide effective and long-term mathematics instruction to future students. The effect of designed proof tasks on the development of pre-service mathematics teachers' proving skills was investigated in this study. This research, the design-based research, was carried out with the participation of three volunteer mathematics teacher candidates studying at a state university in Ankara. The data obtained from the proof tasks and individual interviews were used in the study. Proof tasks designed according to the findings obtained from the data analyzed with the qualitative analysis method contributed to the development of the participants' proving skills.
The Effect of Geometry Teaching Designed with the Developed Mobile Application on the Academic Achievement of the Students
Authors: TAŞ Sevinç , YAVUZ Ayşe
Published: June 2022

In order to ensure active participation of students in the lessons during distance education period, different learning tools were sought. For this purpose, within framework of the ADDIE design model, it was desired to develop a mobile application called GeoHepta to be used in learning the 7th grade mathematics course Geometry and Measurement learning field subjects. The study was carried out in the distance education process with 7th grade students in the 2020-2021 academic year. The research was carried out with a quasi-experimental design. In the study, "Geometry and Measurement Learning Field Achievement Test" was used. As a result of the research, a significant difference was reached between the post-test scores of the students in the experimental group, in which the mobile application-supported teaching was implemented, and the control group students, in which the textbook-based teaching was implemented. While there was a significant difference between the pre-test post-test scores of the experimental group students, there was no significant difference between the pre-test post-test scores of the control group students.
Why Do Pre-Service Teachers Who Believe In The Necessity Of Proof Have Low-Level Self-Efficacy With The Proof?
Authors: DİNÇER Bahar
Published: June 2022

Abstract – This research aimed to examine the opinions of pre-service mathematics teachers towards proof. The students received low scores in the items containing the self-evaluation of the proof in the quantitative dimension, a qualitative form was applied to obtain more comprehensive information. Therefore, quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used together along with mixed methods. Although all students expressed their opinions on the necessity of proof, it was concluded that they had difficulties in the proof process due to the difficulty level of proof and their lack of mathematical knowledge in their self-evaluation. And also, a great majority of pre-service teachers stated that they intended to use alternative learning approaches instead of proof in their future careers. Although proof is seen as a necessary process, pre-service teachers' proof self-efficacy levels are low and their thoughts on using proof in their professional life are insufficient. Therefore, it can be recommended to include proof in pre-graduate education and to eliminate the students' lack of basic knowledge.
Özel Eğitim Öğretmenleri Ve Teknoloji: Bir Metafor Analizi
Authors: ÖZER ŞANAL Seda
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma teknolojinin özel eğitim bağlamındaki yerine odaklanmış ve özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin teknolojiye yönelik algıları metafor analizi aracılığı ile incelenmiştir. Çalışma verileri 164 özel eğitim öğretmeninden elde edilmiştir. Olgu bilim kapsamında yürütülen bu çalışmada katılımcıların teknolojiye yönelik algıları olarak bir metafor ve bu metaforun gerekçesi çözümlenmiştir. Özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin teknolojiye yönelik belirttikleri metaforlar (1) Süreç, (2) Materyal, (3) Gereklilik ve (4) Yaklaşım olmak üzere dört kategoride toplanmıştır. Özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin ilk sırada gelişen, geliştiren, değişen, değiştiren, üreten, büyüyen özelliklerini atfederek teknolojiyi süreç olarak algıladıkları görülmüştür. Materyal kategorisinde araç gereç, bilgisayar, ansiklopedi gibi metaforlar sıklıkla aktarılmıştır. Gereklilik kategorisinde ise, öğretim sürecini, öğretmeni ve öğrenciyi zorlayan ve bu zorlamanın güncel gelişmeleri takip etmek, ek eğitimler almak, sertifika programlarına katılmak, kişisel hobiler edinmek gibi alanlarda olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Yaklaşım kategorisi ise teknolojinin bir yaşam biçimi, bir felsefe ya da inanç olarak ifade edilmesini kapsamıştır.
Decent work housebound: Recovery experiences of parents during the pandemic
Authors: Pérez-Nebra Amalia Raquel , Queiroga Fabiana , Martins Lara Barros , Modesto João Gabriel Nunes , Bertolino Marilena
Published: June 2022

The International Labor Organization considers that gender equality and hours for free time and adequate rest are part of the essential dimensions of decent work. This work aims to analyze parents' reinvigorating experiences in the situation of mandatory telework, controlled by job satisfaction. The research has been developed in Brazil, one of the countries most affected by the extension of the confinement entailing from political and economic decisions that have worsened the health crisis. The survey was responded to by 535 respondents, of which 286 were parents. Results show higher means between parents in experiences of relaxation, mastery, control, and psychological detachment. Although considered a high-protective strategy, the latter is little used by both parents. Another tendency found in the results is that children's presence at home negatively affects mothers more than fathers regarding job satisfaction with mandatory telework entailing from the pandemic. Balancing work and family is not an easy equation. It is even worse in a society where women, mainly mothers, blame themselves when they want to relax or decide to take on challenging activities. In the social light, it seems unsustainable to have more responsibility for family care, and this responsibility is not followed by recovery.
Masculinidades tradicionales en las universidades chilenas. Manifestaciones y afirmaciones en contextos y espacios académicos
Authors: Peña Axt Juan Carlos , Arias Lagos Loreto , Saez Ardura Felipe
Published: June 2022

Las universidades como instituciones tradicionales implican que son altamente masculinizadas en lo que se refiere a las dinámicas organizacionales formales e informales. Este trabajo forma parte de una investigación de carácter cualitativo y de alcance nacional sobre violencia de género y masculinidades universidades tradicionales y privadas de Chile. Para esto se realizaron 24 grupos de discusión: 8 grupos mixtos, 8 grupos de hombres y 8 grupos de mujeres, tomando como campo de observación 8 instituciones de educación superior, localizadas en las cuatro ciudades con mayor matrícula universitaria del país (Santiago, Valparaíso, Concepción y Temuco). Empleando para el análisis de la información las orientaciones de la Teoría Fundamentada, los resultados evidencian la presencia del modelo hegemónico de masculinidad como elemento trasversal en las instituciones de educación superior, en complemento con modelos de masculinidad que se le ha denominado masculinidades en transición en las cuales se observa elementos de transformación, pero que sin embargo persisten con elementos tradicionales de masculinidad. Este tipo de masculinidades intentan distanciarse del modelo hegemónico de masculinidad en cuanto a la violencia principalmente, lo cual daría cuenta de un proceso de cambio en los jóvenes estudiantes. Sin embargo, continúan reproduciéndose patrones de modelos hegemónicos y tradicionales, particularmente en lo que se refiere a las relaciones de género de jóvenes estudiantes chilenos.
From prima donna to teacher. Two female pioneers in singing education in the Nineteenth Century: Virginia Boccabadati and Matilde Esteban
Authors: Morales Villar Maria del Coral , Castillo Ferreira Mercedes
Published: June 2022

During the 19th-century, the teaching of singing became a career opportunity for the women who had worked in the lyrical stage. The core objective of this article is to reclaim the role of women in music education by studying two prime donnewho, after building a career as successful professional singers, became singing teachers and were pioneers in publishing their methods for female voice education. This research is based on the review and analysis of documentation, mostly historical.
By looking at the biographies of the Italian singer, Virginia Boccabadati (1830-1922) and the Spanish singer, Matilde Esteban (1841-1915), we can discover the context in which their treatises were published and the image they offer of woman as a singer and as a student. By choosing women who were each other's contemporary, but from different countries, helps us to observe the obvious points related to gender determinants that their treatises had in common.
Psychological Reflections of Drought on Parents: A Qualitative Study
Authors: ALTINSOY Fatma
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmada en tehlikeli doğal afetlerden biri olan kuraklığın ebeveynler üzerinde oluşturduğu psikolojik etkileri açığa çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, ebeveynler üzerinde kuraklığın oluşturduğu psikolojik yansımaların açığa çıkarılması amaçlandığından nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden temel nitel araştırma deseninde gerçekleştirilmiştir. İki aşamada gerçekleştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla verilerin toplandığı çalışmaya16 ebeveyn (anne veya baba) katılmıştır. Katılımcılardan elde edilen mülakat raporları beş aşamada içerik analizine tabi tutulmuş ve bu süreçte tümevarımcı yaklaşım benimsenmiştir. Katılımcılardan elde edilen verilerden 19 koda ve bu kodlardan dört temaya ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan temalar “kuraklığa yol açan etmenler”, “kuraklığın yaşamsal yansımaları”, kuraklığın psikolojik yansımaları” ve “geleceğe ilişkin yaşamsal ve psikolojik yansımalarıdır.” Bulgular, kuraklığın ebeveynleri ruhsal açıdan olumsuz etkilediği özellikle çocukları ve geleceğe ilişkin bu olumsuzluğu daha belirgin bir şekilde hissettikleri görülmüştür. Bulgular, alan yazın bağlamında ele alınmıştır.
The Determinants of Economic Growth in Turkey: Evidence from Decision Tree with Machine Learning
Authors: ÇILGIN Cihan , KURT Aslı Seda
Published: June 2022

İktisadi büyüme, bir ulus için tüm ekonomik faaliyetlerin nihai amacı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu önemi nedeniyle gerek ulusal politikaların başarısının değerlendirilmesinde gerekse uluslararası karşılaştırmalarda ilk akla gelen ekonomik gösterge durumundadır. Son dönemde çeşitli makine öğrenmesi yaklaşımları ve yapay sinir ağları modelleri de bu alanda kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, literatürden farklı olarak karar ağacı modellemesini kullanarak iktisadi büyümenin kaynaklarını ortaya koymaktır. Bu bağlamda, literatürde büyümeye kaynaklık ettiği kabul gören tasarruf, sermaye birikimi, emek gücü, yenilik, kamu harcamaları, dış ticaret, beşeri sermaye, demografik unsurlar, sanayileşme, kurumsal faktörler gibi değişkenler analize dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, iktisadi büyüme için kurallar ve yüksek büyümenin sağlanmasına yönelik olarak politika yapıcılara referans olabilecek kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları, Türkiye Ekonomisinde büyümeyi teşvik etmede tasarruf, inovasyon, ihracat ve emeğin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. İktisadi büyüme için elde edilen kurallar, yüksek büyümenin sağlanmasına yönelik olarak politika yapıcılara referans olabilecek kanıtlar sunmaktadır.
The Development of Children's Adjustment to Divorce Scale-Family Form
Authors: KİYE Semra , NAZLI Serap
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı Çocukların Boşanmaya Uyumu Ölçeği-Aile Formu’nu (ÇBUÖ-Aile Formu) geliştirmektir. ÇBUÖ-Aile Formu, ebeveynleri boşanmış veya boşanma sürecinde olan çocukların (7-16 yaş) aile ortamındaki davranışlarını gözlemleyen yetişkinlerden (ebeveynler/bakım verenler) veri toplanacak şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma sürecine % 85,5’ i kadın (315) ve % 14,4’ ü erkek (53) olmak üzere toplam 368 ebeveyn katılmıştır. ÇBUÖ-Aile Formu 13 maddeden oluşan likert tipi bir ölçektir. Ölçek geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları kapsamında Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) analizleri yürütülmüştür. AFA sonuçlarına göre ölçeğin 13 maddelik iki faktörlü bir yapıya sahip olduğu ve DFA sonuçlarına göre faktör yapısının veriyle uyumlu olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alfa güvenirliği sorumluluk boyutu için 0,84, duygusal-davranışsal sorunlar boyutu için 0,85 ve tüm ölçek maddeleri için 0,89 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Analiz sonuçları 5’li likert tipi derecelendirmeye sahip ÇBUÖ-Aile Formu’ nun, 13 madde ve iki boyuttan (sorumluluk, duygusal-davranışsal sorunlar) oluştuğunu, çocukların boşanmaya uyumunu ölçmede güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçek olduğunu göstermektedir.
Examining Emotional Intelligence in Children and Adolescents by Gender: A Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: TUNCA Aslı
Published: June 2022

Araştırmanın amacı, çocuk ve ergenlerin duygusal zekâ üzerindeki cinsiyet değişkenin etkisini ve yönünü belirlemektir. Araştırmaya Türkiye’de yapılan ve Ulusal Tez Merkezinde taranan çalışmalar dâhil edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda 101 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Ancak cinsiyet değişkenini ele alan ve kodlama protokolüne uyan 34 çalışma analize dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemi 15027 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Duygusal zekânın cinsiyete göre etki büyüklüğü Standardize Ortalamalar Farkı (SOF) yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Meta-analiz için yayın yanlılığı olup olmadığı test edilmiştir ve yayın yanlılığı olmadığı saptanmıştır. Homojenlik testine göre çalışmanın cinsiyet değişkeni açısından heterojen olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre; rastgele etkiler modelinde çocuk ve ergenlerdeki duygusal zekâ düzeyi cinsiyet için kızlar lehine anlamlı düşük etki büyüklüğünde (0.19) bulunmuştur. Araştırmada cinsiyetin duygusal zekâ üzerindeki etkisinde gelişim düzeyi ve çalışma yılı değişkenleri de (moderatör değişken) incelenmiştir. Gelişim düzeyine ve çalışmanın yılına göre cinsiyetin duygusal zeka üzerindeki etkisi anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Bulgular ilgili alan yazın doğrultusunda yorumlanmış ve öneriler getirilmiştir.
Validity and Reliability Study of the Performance Rating Scale to Measure Basic Skills in Voice Training
Authors: EROĞLU Derya
Published: June 2022

20. yüzyılın başından itibaren yaşanan değişimlerin sonucunda ortaya çıkan solist icrâcılık, önceki icrâlara kıyasla biçimsel, artistik ve teknik bakımdan farklılıkları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Ses eğitimi ile ilgili olarak değişen ve gelişen bu durumlar karşısında mesleki kariyerlerini ses kullanarak sürdüren kişilerin ihtiyaçları da değişiklik göstermeye başlamıştır. Bu ihtiyaçlarla birlikte planlı bir öğretimin ve değerlendirmenin şarkı söylemeye hazırlık açısından zorunluluk haline geldiği görülmektedir. Eğitimde değerlendirme alanında yapılan çalışmalar, Türkçe’ye uygun olarak hazırlanmış bir ses eğitimi yaklaşımının oluşturulması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkçe şarkı söyleme eğitiminde temel becerilerin ölçülmesi için hazırlanan performans derecelendirme ölçeğinin geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik analizi yapılmıştır. Betimsel tarama modelindeki bu araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Ölçek maddelerinin belirlenmesi aşamasında literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Uzman görüşleri doğrultusunda hazırlanan rubrik aracılığıyla, uzmanlar tarafından öğrenci performansları puanlanmıştır. Toplanan veriler üzerinde Spss paket programı aracılığıyla geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulardan, hazırlanan performans derecelendirme ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Review of Children's Books in Terms of Cultural Transfer
Authors: KARAKOÇ ÖZTÜRK Başak , DESTEGÜLOĞLU Bilge
Published: June 2022

Araştırmanın amacı seçilen çocuk kitaplarındaki karakterlerin özelinde veya çevresinde gerçekleşen kültürel aktarıma ilişkin görünümleri saptamaktır. Araştırma durum çalışması olarak kurgulanmıştır. Uzman görüşü alınarak 5 farklı yazarın 5 kitabı incelenecek dokümanlar olarak belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen kitaplarda yer alan kültürel ögelerin tespit edilmesinde “Metinlere Yansıyan Kültürel Ögeler ve Alt Ögeler” başlıklı sınıflama kullanılmıştır. Bu sınıflamada yedi ana başlık altında kültürel ögelere ve her bir kültürel ögeye yönelik alt başlıklara yer verilmiştir. Belirlenen kültürel ögeler; günlük yaşam, kişiler arası ilişkiler, değerler ve eğitim, edebiyat, sanat ve müzik, gelenekler ve folklor, sosyal yaşam, coğrafya ve mekândır. Sonuçta kültürel ögeler arasında günlük yaşamın ve yiyecek-içecek, yemek zamanları, sofra adabı, karşılıklı konuşmalarda kullanılan sözler ve kalıpların çocuk kitaplarında daha fazla yer aldığı görülmüştür. Bunun yanı sıra edebiyat, sanat ve müzik kültürel ögelerinin ise çocuk kitaplarında geçiş sıklığının oldukça az olduğu saptanmıştır. Son olarak kültürel ögeler arasında günlük yaşamın diğer ögelere oranla çocuk kitaplarında daha fazla yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Cost variation analysis of various brands of anti-retroviral agents currently available in Indian market: an economic perspective study
Authors: R. Anusha , A. Geetha
Published: June 2022

Background: The aim was to analyze the percentage cost variations among different brands of the commonly prescribed anti-retroviral agents in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus.Methods: The cost of different brands of commonly used Anti-Retroviral agents was sorted out by referring latest Indian drug index online, drug today, current index of medical specialties, Indian drug review.Results: The percentage variation in the cost was above 100% with most of the commonly used anti-retroviral agents. Overall sequinafir 500 mg shows maximum cost variation of 1490.3%, while nelfinavir (625 mg) shows minimum cost variation of 6.1% in single drug therapy. Lamivudine 300 mg and tenofovir 300 mg combination shows maximum cost variation of 14055% whereas, lamivudine 150 mg, zidovudine 300 mg and efavirenz 600 mg shows minimum cost variation of 10% in combination drug therapy.Conclusions: HIV is the most common infectious, life-threatening disease and drugs are to be prescribed for life-long period. If a costly brand is prescribed, the patients cannot afford to pay more money for their treatment. This also leads to poor patient compliance, dissatisfaction and failure of the treatment. Ideally, therefore, the drugs should be prescribed in such a way, to save the patient's economic burden and enhance the compliance of the treatment.
Role of tocilizumab therapy in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review
Authors: Srikumar Shabarini , Muthiah Aravind , Perumal Shridharan
Published: June 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV 2) virus has created a global threat to the entire human population. The medical and scientific community are striving hard to find an effective therapeutic strategy to overcome this crisis. There are few studies showing the efficacy of tocilizumab against COVID-19, but they many of them lack reliability due to their small sample size or sample population not representative of the general population. This meta-analysis aims to elucidate the role of tocilizumab in the management of COVID-19, its efficacy and safety profile. A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Lancet, Google Scholar, WHO, Embase, Elsevier and other modalities of search like website searching and citation tracking was carried out through which 1061 articles were identified. Among them, 10 articles that fitted the inclusion criteria and qualitatively good were taken up for the meta-analysis. Out of the 10 studies selected, the results of 9 studies were in favour of the efficacy of tocilizumab therapy, while 1 study was against the efficacy of tocilizumab. The result of our statistical analysis was that OR=0.5569 (95% CI; 0.2289 to 0.9332) for the effect of tocilizumab on mortality reduction in COVID-19 patients. Among critically ill patients with COVID-19, the in-hospital mortality was significantly reduced in patients treated with tocilizumab during the first 2 days of ICU admission compared to patients those who were not administered with tocilizumab in the early phase. Treatment with tocilizumab significantly reduces the mortality rate, increases the survival rate and lowers the risk of requiring invasive mechanical ventilation.
A systematic review on metformin rational pharmacotherapeutics
Authors: Hazra Moumita
Published: June 2022

This systematic review of the different and wide-ranged studies on metformin rational pharmacotherapeutics was performed, for a better comprehension of multi-centre maintenance of rational pharmacotherapeutic aspects in the regular anti-diabetic treatment prescribed to the new type II diabetic patients. This systematic review contributed 3729 refined and relevant medical records, among total 4570 records obtained from the study databases search, thus providing a refined qualitatively synthesised conclusive medical research study literature, on metformin rational pharmacotherapeutics.
Carbetocin: a therapy advance for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage
Authors: Bhalla Amit
Published: June 2022

Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the major cause of maternal death. To prevent PPH, the routine administration of a uterus-contracting (‘uterotonic’) agent is a standard practice across the world. Oxytocin is the standard uterotonic agent recommended for this purpose, and is recommended for all women giving birth. Oxytocin is problematic as it requires cold storage and transport, and in low-resource settings, the cold chain is not commonly available. Heat-stable carbetocin is a promising alternative to oxytocin. Because of its heat stability, it can overcome the persistent problems with oxytocin quality as it does not require cold chain for storage and transport. Considering the totality of the evidence, it appears to have some additional desirable effects compared with oxytocin and a very favourable side effect profile similar to oxytocin. With a standardized dosing of single injection recommendation, it can address the variations in dosing regimen as is with oxytocin. Carbetocin has been added to the World Health Organization (WHO) essential medicines list of uterotonics for the prevention of excessive bleeding after childbirth, we might see a new standard of care in coming months for prevention of uterine atony.
Lateral crural setback: an analysis on tip rotation
Authors: Langsdon Phillip R. , Schroeder Ronald J. , Rayess Hani , Clinkscales William
Published: June 2022

Background: Increasing nasal tip rotation is a common objective during rhinoplasty. When ptosis is either totally or partially the result of an excessive lateral crura length, strength, or position, various techniques have been used to shorten the lateral crura in order to reduce its relative inferior ptotic force. Techniques that involve division or amputation of the cartilage have been shown to be effective, but may sometimes weaken the cartilage’s shear and horizontal load strength, thus increasing the chances of unwanted sequalae in alar and/or tip contour. We presented our lateral crural setback technique as another option to allow the tip to rotate while maintaining the lateral architectural structure, end to end continuity, and horizontal load and shear strength.

Methods: Retrospective review of 20 patients undergoing cosmetic rhinoplasty who had a lateral crural setback cartilage repositioning maneuver. The primary outcomes measured after one year of follow-up were nasal tip rotation and projection. Nasal tip rotation was assessed by measures of the nasolabial angle using three different methods.

Results: There was a statistically significant increase in nasolabial angle using all 3 methods for measuring nasal tip rotation. The average increase in nasal tip rotation for all methods was 10.7° (p<0.0001). There was a statiscically significant decrease in tip projection. No alar distortion or complications were noted.

Conclusions: The lateral crural setback technique can be used to increase nasal tip rotation while preserving the integrity of the lateral crura. No alar distortion or complications were noted from this procedure.  
Determinants of treatment outcomes in pediatric patients with acute rhinosinusitis caused orbital complications: observational study
Authors: Ulashev Shukhrat Makhmudovich , Mahmudova Saodat Kurbonbekovna , Khushvakova Nilufar Jurakulovna , Ibragimov Khasan Ismoilovich
Published: June 2022

Background: The aim of the study was to identify predictors of disease severity and describe the characteristics of orbital complications as the direct result of ARS in children.

Methods: Through retrospective study, we investigated 78 children with stage I-IV orbital complications between 2005 and 2020 in regional multidisciplinary children's medical center. Samples were obtained for the microbiological analyses. Statistical tests and descriptive statistical methods were used.

Results: The research included 78 children who were hospitalized for orbital complications after ARS. There were 44 male patients (56.4%), with a sex ratio of 1.29:1. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in 31 (34.8%) of patients, followed by Streptococcus pyogenes in 26 (29.2%). We found a significant association between age, severity of complications and treatment outcomes. The age of over seven years was associated with more severe orbital complications (stage II-III) and the need of surgical intervention (p<0.001). Pre-clinical antibiotic administration had no significant influence on illness severity at the time of presentation (p=0.38).

Conclusions: In this study, severe orbital complications and the age of over seven years were determinants the antibiotic failure. Clinicians should consider early referral of children older than seven years with orbital complications for better treatment outcomes.
A study of parathyroid hormone deficiency after total and near total thyroidectomy: its occurrence and time for recovery
Authors: Ranjit Lakshmi , Galagali J. R. , Singh I. D. , Ramakrishnan N. , Nilkanthan Ajith , Singh S. K. , K. Manoj
Published: June 2022

Background: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) deficiency or hypoparathyroidism occurring after total thyroidectomy is not an uncommon postoperative complication. Patients developing PTH deficiency are likely to develop hypocalcemia if not treated in time. These patients will require immediate injectable followed by oral calcium supplements and activated vitamin D (1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol or calcitriol). The incidence of hypoparathyroidism reported in the literature varies between 1% to 37%. The aim of our study was to evaluate parathyroid hormone deficiency and the time taken for recovery of parathyroid function in total and near total thyroidectomy patients.

Methods: An observational descriptive study was carried out at a tertiary care center with 50 patients who underwent total or near total thyroidectomy. Exclusion criteria- Patients in whom PTH was found to be below 10 pg/ml or above 65pg/ml preoperatively, those in whom neck dissection was done previously, those with abnormal calcium levels preoperatively and those on calcium replacement preoperatively.

Results: 12% of patients developed PTH deficiency following total thyroidectomy, but only 2% continued to have prolonged depression of PTH level. A significant relation between fall in PTH on post op evening was found with the development of hypocalcaemia in the post op period.

Conclusions: Immediate post operative PTH can be used as an indicator to predict hypocalcemia in the post operative period in patients undergoing total or near total thyroidectomy.
Fibrous dysplasia of the paranasal sinuses: case report
Authors: Halily Sara , Oukessou Youssef , Moujrid Sara , Rouadi Sami , Abada Reda , Roubal Mohamed , Mahtar Mohamed
Published: June 2022

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a rare congenital non-malignant bone tumor that affects the skeletal system development and interferes with normal bone formation. It’s non-hereditary and its exact cause remains unknown. The condition is characterized by fibro-osseous connective tissue gradually replacing normal bone and marrow leading to the formation of bone that’s fragile and prone to fractures. It is not uncommon for the disease to affect craniofacial bones but the sinonasal cavity involvement remains extremely rare. We presented a case of an 80-years-old male patient who reported nasal obstruction and a long-term swelling in the upper jaw that dates back over 20 years resulting in facial deformities and unilateral proptosis from compression exerted on the eye by the tumor. The patient reported having taken drugs to treat symptoms especially nasal congestion. But his dyspnea persisted. Physical examination, computed tomography (CT) scan and MRI have been elaborated and discussed. And on last resort, surgery was recommended.
A case of thyroid hemiagenesis with thyroiditis
Authors: Shrestha Sandeep , Maharjan Shova
Published: June 2022

Thyroid hemiagenesis is a very rare congenital abnormality, in which one thyroid lobe fails to grow. Most of the patients are usually associated thyroid disease. The prevalence of thyroid hemiagenesis ranges between 0.05% and 0.2% within the literature. We hereby report a case of 29 years male with left lobe thyroid hemiagenesis with right lobe thyroiditis presented with a feature of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid hemiagenesis can be associated with hyper or hypothyroidism. In our case patient had a feature of hyperthyroidism with dearranged TFT. In our case we detected thyroid hemiagensis incidentally with the help of ultrasonography. Ultrasonography was the investigation that detected thyroid hemiagenesis. Ultrasonography is the most cost-effective means of diagnosing thyroid hemiagenesis. We further performed the thyroid scan to detect any hyperfunctioning thyroid gland or ectopic thyroid. Thyroid scan helped detect thyroiditis in the right thyroid lobe.
Gigantic fibroepithelial polyp of the tonsil: a unique case
Authors: Kumari Diksha , Singh Rakesh K.
Published: June 2022

Being a benign lesion of mesodermal origin, the fibroepithelial polyps (FEPs) are a rare clinical entity arising from tonsil. It is also known as acrochordons with an exceptionally low incidence of malignant change. We present a rare case of huge FEPs of the right tonsil in a 15 years old female of the low socioeconomic group which was a subject of magic for society unless it created a significant problem in alimentation. It is one of the largest FEPs of the oropharynx reported till now to the best of our knowledge. The tumour attained such a gigantic size within the period of 8 years of negligence. The lesion was surgically removed by right side tonsillectomy as the lesion was attached to its lower pole. The strengthening of the health care system in rural areas is required for prompt management of such lesions and to prevent any form of catastrophe.
The joy stick technique: an easy, reliable, safe and cost effective, technique in closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children
Authors: Kumar Birendra , Kumar Deepak , Mishra Vishal , Nandan Abnish , Cheriyachandu Arun P. , Mishra Ashutosh , Singh Ashish
Published: June 2022

Background: Supra condylar fractures of humerus account for approximately 16% of all pediatric fractures. This produces an extension type fracture in 97–99%. Flexion type accounting for 1-3%. This often causes significant morbidity due to malunion (gun-stock deformity) reported in 12 to 20%, while neurovascular complications and compartment syndrome is documented in worse scenarios.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted with 24 cases of supracondylar humerus fracture between June 2017 to June 2021. Both males and females aged 3 years to 12 years, within 5 days of injury, with modified Gartland’s type III and type IV, without compartment syndrome were included and followed up for 6 months to one year. The fracture was closely reduced using a 2-2.5 mm k-wire (joystick) in proximal fragment placed 5-7 cm proximal to fracture line and fixed with multiple percutaneous pinning under C-arm. All the patients were followed for rate of union and functional outcome using Flynn’s criteria.

Results: All the 24 cases were managed by closed maneuver with the help of a joy stick. This reduces the surgical time and stress, preventing opening of fracture. Outcome was assessed in each follow up using Flynn’s criteria. 87.5% of patients had good to excellent outcomes.

Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that good functional outcomes are expected in supracondylar fracture regardless of age at injury, sex, weight, side of extremity provided satisfactory reduction by closed technique with help of joy stick. This simple technique reduces surgical stress, duration of surgery and also minimizes the C-arm exposure.
A prospective comparative study of functional outcome of distal extra articular tibia fracture fixed with intramedullary nail versus locking compression plate
Authors: Prakashappa T. H. , B. Madhusudan , C. Bharath M. , H. Nagaraju , S. Ashwin
Published: June 2022

Background: Distal tibia fractures are one of the most common long bone fractures and their management presents with a series of problems due to the soft tissue surroundings and even more at risk due to their proximity to ankle joint. In our paper we showed functional outcome of distal extra articular tibia fracture while comparing its management between intramedullary nailing and locking compression plate.

Methods: There were 40 patients from November 2019 to November 2020 with distal extra articular tibia fracture. Patients were divided into 2 groups, first group included 20 patients managed with intramedullary nail and the second group included 20 patients managed with locking compression plate. Patients were followed preoperatively, intraoperatively and postoperatively for functional outcome and assessed clinically using AOFAS score and radiologically using X-ray.

Results: Out of the 40 cases treated in this manner, all cases were available for the follow up for a period of 1 year. Overall results by 1 year follow up showed excellent in 7 cases (35%) good in 13 cases (65%) in nailing group and in plating group showed excellent in 4 cases (20%), good in 12 cases (60%), fair in 3 cases (15%) and poor in 1 case (5%).

Conclusions: All fractures united well. Complications were encountered in 4 patients, 2 patients had superficial wound infections,1 patient had deep infection and another had persistent ankle pain in plating group and 2 patients had superficial wound infection in nailing group. No cases showed malunion or nonunion in both plating as well as nailing group.