bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public perception of NHS general practice during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic in England
Authors: Duncan Lorna J. , Cheng Kelly F.D.
Published: November 2021

Background: In March 2020, the delivery of NHS general practice consultations was rapidly modified to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Remote triage and consultations became the default, with adapted models for face-to-face contact if clinically required. This study aimed to gain insight into public perception of these adaptations.

Methods: Two online surveys were developed, and conducted in August and September 2020. Survey A, open to adults (>18 years) receiving the link to it, considered respondents’ perspectives on healthcare contacts since March 2020, and their understanding of the adapted delivery. Survey B, open to survey A respondents only, then considered how healthcare communication had been received and individual preferences for this. Survey participation was voluntary.

Results: The perceptions of 150 members of the public were obtained. 105 had considered contacting general practice,

although half avoided this or delayed doing so for longer than usual. While some patients did so ‘to help the NHS’, others experienced reduced access for reasons including concerns about telephone consultations and about COVID-19 safety. Some however reported benefitting from remote consultation availability and regular texts/emails from their practice.

68% (102/150) of respondents were unaware that patients with COVID-19 were seen separately from other patients during general practice appointments. 27% in survey B who had avoided or delayed contact said they would have felt more comfortable contacting general practice had they known this.

Conclusions: Experience and use of the adapted general practice models varied. Some patients felt their access to healthcare was reduced, often due to technological requirements. For some who found attending face-to-face appointments difficult however, remote contact was advantageous. Most of those surveyed were unaware of the COVID-19 control measures in place during face-to-face general practice consultations. Assessment of adapted delivery model accessibility and clearer public messaging about the changes may help reduce inequalities.
Core Pricing in Combinatorial Exchanges with Financially Constrained Buyers: Computational Hardness and Algorithmic Solutions
Authors: Bichler Martin , Waldherr Stefan
Published: November 2021

The computation of market equilibria is a fundamental and practically relevant problem. Although we know the computational complexity and the types of price functions necessary for combinatorial exchanges with quasilinear preferences, the respective literature does not consider financially constrained buyers. We show that computing market outcomes that respect budget constraints but are core stable is a problem in the second level of the polynomial hierarchy. Problems in this complexity class are rare, but ignoring budget constraints can lead to significant efficiency losses and instability. We introduce mixed integer bilevel linear programs (MIBLP) to compute core-stable market outcomes and provide effective column and constraint generation algorithms to solve these problems. Although full core stability quickly becomes intractable, we show that realistic problem sizes can actually be solved if the designer limits attention to deviations of small coalitions. This n-coalition stability is a practical approach to tame the computational complexity of the general problem and at the same time provides a reasonable level of stability for markets in the field where buyers have budget constraints.
Customer-Server Population Dynamics in Heavy Traffic
Authors: Atar Rami , Karmakar Prasenjit , Lipshutz David
Published: November 2021

We study a many-server queueing model with server vacations, where the population size dynamics of servers and customers are coupled: a server may leave for vacation only when no customers await, and the capacity available to customers is directly affected by the number of servers on vacation. We focus on scaling regimes in which server dynamics and queue dynamics fluctuate at matching time scales so that their limiting dynamics are coupled. Specifically, we argue that interesting coupled dynamics occur in (a) the Halfin–Whitt regime, (b) the nondegenerate slowdown regime, and (c) the intermediate near Halfin–Whitt regime, whereas the dynamics asymptotically decouple in the other heavy-traffic regimes. We characterize the limiting dynamics, which are different for each scaling regime. We consider relevant respective performance measures for regimes (a) and (b)—namely, the probability of wait and the slowdown. Although closed-form formulas for these performance measures have been derived for models that do not accommodate server vacations, it is difficult to obtain closed-form formulas for these performance measures in the setting with server vacations. Instead, we propose formulas that approximate these performance measures and depend on the steady-state mean number of available servers and previously derived formulas for models without server vacations. We test the accuracy of these formulas numerically.
Ophthalmic Complications of Locoregional Anesthesia in Dentistry
Authors: Aoun Georges , Zarazir Ralph , Hajj Rasha , Fadi Abillama , Frei Esther
Published: October 2021

Local and locoregional anesthesia (LRA) are extensively used for performing painless intraoral procedures. In rare cases, ophthalmic complications such as diplopia, blepharoptosis, mydriasis, etc., may occur. In general, symptoms disappear hours after the injection and rarely persist for a prolonged duration. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the ophthalmic complications that may occur after intraoral anesthesia injection in dentistry.Symptoms, management and prevention of the most common ophthalmic complications related to intraoral local and/or LRA anesthesia are reviewed. Despite being uncommon, ophthalmic complications may happen and lead to stressful situations. Dentists should be aware of their causes in order to prevent them.
Providing gastrointestinal nurse education during the pandemic
Authors: Burch Jennifer
Published: November 2021

Jennifer Burch, Head of Gastrointestinal Nurse Education, St Mark's Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust ( jburch1@nhs.net ), was runner-up in the Gastrointestinal/Inflammatory Bowel Disease Nurse of the Year category of the British Journal of Nursing Awards 2021
Patient-reported outcome and experience measures for peripheral venous catheters: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Larsen Emily N , Byrnes Joshua , Marsh Nicole , Rickard Claire M
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

The purpose of this scoping review is to conduct a systematic search and establish the current state of evidence for tools and instruments used to measure self-reported outcomes and experiences, including satisfaction scores, specifically for peripheral venous access devices (PVADs).

Methods:

A systematic search of the literature will be conducted using medical databases including: MEDLINE (Ovid); CINAHL (EbscoHost); PubMed (NCBI); and Scopus (Elsevier); Google (Scholar); and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Experimental, and observational studies, published in English, after 1990 will be eligible for inclusion if they: consist of (i) a survey, instrument or tool that is designed to (ii) collect outcome, experience and/or satisfaction data, relating to PVAD insertion, care, maintenance and/or removal, among (iii) adult and paediatric participants.

Conclusions:

PVAD-specific patient-reported outcome and experience measures are necessary for researchers, clinicians and policy decision makers to explore more thoroughly the quality of PVAD care provided, and further inform health economic analyses in the context of quality improvement interventions for vascular access devices. This scoping review will establish the existence—or paucity—of instruments to measure these selfreported outcomes and experiences of PVADs, in order to guide value-based healthcare delivery into the future.
Second-look arthroscopic cartilage status is related to intermediate-term outcomes after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Yang Hong-Yeol , Kwak Woo-Kyoung , Kang Sung Ju , Song Eun-Kyoo , Seon Jong-Keun
Published: November 2021

Aims

To determine the relationship between articular cartilage status and clinical outcomes after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOHTO) for medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis at intermediate follow-up.

Methods

We reviewed 155 patients (155 knees) who underwent MOHTO from January 2008 to December 2016 followed by second-look arthroscopy with a mean 5.3-year follow-up (2.0 to 11.7). Arthroscopic findings were assessed according to the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Cartilage Repair Assessment (CRA) grading system. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of normal or nearly normal quality cartilage in the medial femoral condyle: good (second-look arthroscopic) status (ICRS grade I or II; n = 70), and poor (second-look arthroscopic) status (ICRS grade III or IV; n = 85) groups at the time of second-look arthroscopy. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and 36-Item Short Form survey.

Results

Significant improvements in all clinical outcome categories were found between the preoperative and second-look arthroscopic assessments in both groups (p < 0.001). At the latest follow-up, the mean IKDC and WOMAC scores in the good status group further improved compared with those at the time of second-look arthroscopic surgery (p < 0.001), which was not shown in the poor status group. The mean IKDC (good status, 72.8 (SD 12.5); poor status, 64.7 (SD 12.1); p = 0.002) and mean WOMAC scores (good status, 15.7 (SD 10.8); poor status, 21.8 (SD 13.6); p = 0.004) significantly differed between both groups at the latest follow-up. Moreover, significant correlations were observed between ICRS CRA grades and IKDC scores (negative correlation; p < 0.001) and WOMAC scores (positive correlation; p < 0.001) at the latest follow-up. Good cartilage status was found more frequently in knees with the desired range of 2° to 6° valgus correction than in those with corrections outside this range (p = 0.019).

Conclusion

Second-look arthroscopic cartilage status correlated with clinical outcomes after MOHTO at intermediate-term follow-up, despite the relatively small clinical differences between groups. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(11):1686–1694.
Mid-term outcomes after the surgical treatment of atypical femoral fractures
Authors: Jeong Soo-Young , Hwang Kyu-Tae , Oh Chang-Wug , Kim Joon-Woo , Sohn Oog Jin , Kim Ji Wan , Cho Young-Ho , Park Ki Chul
Published: November 2021

Aims

The incidence of atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) continues to increase. However, there are currently few long-term studies on the complications of AFFs and factors affecting them. Therefore, we attempted to investigate the outcomes, complications, and risk factors for complication through mid-term follow-up of more than three years.

Methods

From January 2003 to January 2016, 305 patients who underwent surgery for AFFs at six hospitals were enrolled. After exclusion, a total of 147 patients were included with a mean age of 71.6 years (48 to 89) and 146 of whom were female. We retrospectively evaluated medical records, and reviewed radiographs to investigate the fracture site, femur bowing angle, presence of delayed union or nonunion, contralateral AFFs, and peri-implant fracture. A statistical analysis was performed to identify the significance of associated factors.

Results

The mean follow-up period was 70.2 months (36 to 191). There were 146 AFFs (99.3%) in female patients and the mean age was 71.6 years (48 to 89). The AFFs were located in the subtrochanter and shaft in 52 cases (35.4%) and 95 (64.6%), respectively. The preoperative mean anterior/lateral femoral bowing angles were 10.5° (SD 5.7°)/6.1° (SD 6.2°). The postoperative mean anterior/lateral bowing values were changed by 8.7° (SD 5.4°)/4.6° (SD 5.9°). Bisphosphonates had been used contemporarily in 115 AFFs (78.2%) for a mean of 52.4 months (1 to 204; SD 45.5) preoperatively. Nailing was performed in 133 AFFs (90.5%), and union was obtained at a mean of 23.6 weeks (7 to 85). Delayed union occurred in 41 (27.9%), and nonunion occurred in 13 (8.8%). Contralateral AFF occurred in 79 patients (53.7%), and the use of a bisphosphonate significantly influenced the occurrence of contralateral AFFs (p = 0.019). Peri-implant fractures occurred in a total of 13 patients (8.8%), and a significant increase was observed in cases with plating (p = 0.021) and high grade of postoperative anterolateral bowing (p = 0.044).

Conclusion

The use of a bisphosphonate was found to be a risk factor for contralateral AFF, and high-grade postoperative anterolateral bowing and plate fixation significantly increased the occurrence of peri-implant fractures. Long-term follow-up studies on the bilaterality of AFFs and peri-implant fractures are warranted. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(11):1648–1655.
Pelvic incidence is not associated with the development of hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Iwasa Makoto , Ando Wataru , Uemura Keisuke , Hamada Hidetoshi , Takao Masaki , Sugano Nobuhiko
Published: November 2021

Aims

Pelvic incidence (PI) is considered an important anatomical parameter for determining the sagittal balance of the spine. The contribution of an abnormal PI to hip osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between PI and hip OA, and the difference in PI between hip OA without anatomical abnormalities (primary OA) and hip OA with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH-OA).

Methods

In this study, 100 patients each of primary OA, DDH-OA, and control subjects with no history of hip disease were included. CT images were used to measure PI, sagittal femoral head coverage, α angle, and acetabular anteversion. PI was also subdivided into three categories: high PI (larger than 64.0°), medium PI (42.0° to 64.0°), and low PI (less than 42.0°). The anterior centre edge angles, posterior centre edge angles, and total sagittal femoral head coverage were measured. The correlations between PI and sagittal femoral head coverage, α angle, and acetabular anteversion were examined.

Results

No significant difference in PI was observed between the three groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the category distribution of PI. The DDH-OA group had lower mean sagittal femoral head coverage than the other groups. There were no significant correlations between PI and other anatomical factors, including sagittal femoral head coverage, α angle, and acetabular anteversion.

Conclusion

No associations were found between mean PI values or PI categories and hip OA. Furthermore, there was no difference in PI between patients with primary OA and DDH-OA. From our evaluation, we found no evidence of PI being an independent factor associated with the development of hip OA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(11):1656–1661.
Effects of Various Semiconducting Oxides as Photoanode and Counter Electrode for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Application - A Review
Authors: Fatiatun Fatiatun , Bakar Suryani Abu , Marwoto Putut , Wibowo Kusnanto Mukti , Muqoyyanah Muqoyyanah , Firdaus Firdaus
Published: November 2021

Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) merupakan teknologi alternatif fotovoltaik yang menguntungkan. DSSCs menunjukkan harga yang murah, efisiensi yang tinggi dan proses pembuatan yang sederhana. Dalam aplikasi DSSCs, fotoanoda memiliki peranan yang penting untuk mengumpulkan elektron-elektron yang tereksitasi dan dye berfungsi untuk menyalurkan cahaya elektron-elektron ke transparent conducting film (TCF). Fotoanoda mempunyai band gap yang lebar pada semikonduktor logam oksida (contoh: zinc oxide (ZnO) dan titanium dioxide (TiO2)) yang dilapiskan pada TCF. Counter electrode (CE) adalah salah satu komponen yang penting dalam proses kerja DSSCs. CE digunakan sebagai mediator untuk membangkitkan sensitizer setelah masuknya elektron. Bahan CE yang ideal harus mempunyai resistansi yang rendah, biaya produksi yang murah, konduktivitas listrik yang tinggi, aktivitas elektrokatalitik yang bagus dan stabilitas yang tinggi. Bahan-bahan CE yang umum digunakan untuk aplikasi DSSCs yaitu seperti platina (Pt), karbon, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), grafin dan polimer konduktif. Review ini dikembangkan untuk mempelajari sifat-sifat bahan fotoanoda dan CE yang bagus untuk aplikasi DSSCs. Review ini juga digunakan untuk memberikan informasi untuk perkembangan bahan-bahan fotoanoda dan CE pada penelitian selanjutnya dalam aplikasi DSSCs. Dalam review ini, pengaruh bahan-bahan yang digunakan untuk fotoanoda dan CE dalam aplikasi DSSCs didiskusikan.
Performance of Fuzzy Inference System for Calorific Value Predicting by Using The Mamdani Method
Authors: Variani Viska Inda
Published: November 2021

It is well known that the energy content of fuel is characterized by its calorific value which is usually measured by using a bomb calorimeter. In many analysis, the calorific value is usually related with the proximate analysis results. In this study, the calorific value predicting program based on the proximate analysis data using the fuzzy inference system with Mamdani method has been developed. In our analysis, the proximate analysis data of moisture and volatile matter contents are used as input and the calorific value as output. The results showed that the influence of the moisture content is more dominant in determining the calorific value of fuel than volatile matter content. The performance of the calorific value predicting program also shown that the prediction error is about 0.75% to 5.2%. The obtained calorific value is well reproduced the experimental data.
Sintesis Biodiesel Menggunakan Katalis Campuran Calcium Hydroxide dan Calcite
Authors: Saragih Horasdia
Published: November 2021

Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME, biodiesel) have been synthesized using a mixture of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] and calcite [CaCO3] catalyst. The fabrication was carried out by transesterifying triglycerides from palm oil using methanol at temperature of 60oC. The mixture of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] and calcite [CaCO3] catalyst was synthesized from CaO by exposed CaO to the air at room temperature. Various transesterification times have been involved in transesterification process. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the mixture of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 has catalytic characteristics, so that it can transesterify triglycerides and produce the FAME. There are 10 types of FAME produced from the palm oil triglycerides in this transesterification. Five of this types were saturated FAME and others were unsaturated FAME. The highest concentration of FAME is cis-9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester. The longer transesterification process, the more FAME is produced. Referring to the results of this study, it shows that the mixture of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 has the potential to be used as a catalyst for synthesizing biodiesel in the future.
A behavioral screen for mediators of age-dependent TDP-43 neurodegeneration identifies SF2/SRSF1 among a group of potent suppressors in both neurons and glia
Authors: Azpurua Jorge , El-Karim Enas Gad , Tranquille Marvel , Dubnau Josh
Published: November 2021

Cytoplasmic aggregation of Tar-DNA/RNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) occurs in 97 percent of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), ~40% of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and in many cases of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Cytoplasmic TDP-43 inclusions are seen in both sporadic and familial forms of these disorders, including those cases that are caused by repeat expansion mutations in the C9orf72 gene. To identify downstream mediators of TDP-43 toxicity, we expressed human TDP-43 in a subset of Drosophila motor neurons. Such expression causes age-dependent deficits in negative geotaxis behavior. Using this behavioral readout of locomotion, we conducted an shRNA suppressor screen and identified 32 transcripts whose knockdown was sufficient to ameliorate the neurological phenotype. The majority of these suppressors also substantially suppressed the negative effects on lifespan seen with glial TDP-43 expression. In addition to identification of a number of genes whose roles in neurodegeneration were not previously known, our screen also yielded genes involved in chromatin regulation and nuclear/import export- pathways that were previously identified in the context of cell based or neurodevelopmental suppressor screens. A notable example is SF2, a conserved orthologue of mammalian SRSF1, an RNA binding protein with roles in splicing and nuclear export. Our identification SF2/SRSF1 as a potent suppressor of both neuronal and glial TDP-43 toxicity also provides a convergence with C9orf72 expansion repeat mediated neurodegeneration, where this gene also acts as a downstream mediator.
Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of pyrethroid resistance in the CKR strain of Aedes aegypti
Authors: Sun Haina , Mertz Robert W. , Smith Letícia B. , Scott Jeffrey G.
Published: November 2021

Aedes aegypti is an important vector of human viral diseases. This mosquito is distributed globally and thrives in urban environments, making it a serious risk to human health. Pyrethroid insecticides have been the mainstay for control of adult A. aegypti for decades, but resistance has evolved, making control problematic in some areas. One major mechanism of pyrethroid resistance is detoxification by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), commonly associated with the overexpression of one or more CYPs. Unfortunately, the molecular basis underlying this mechanism remains unknown. We used a combination of RNA-seq and proteomic analysis to evaluate the molecular basis of pyrethroid resistance in the highly resistant CKR strain of A. aegypti. The CKR strain has the resistance mechanisms from the well-studied Singapore (SP) strain introgressed into the susceptible Rockefeller (ROCK) strain genome. The RNA-seq and proteomics data were complimentary; each offering insights that the other technique did not provide. However, transcriptomic results did not quantitatively mirror results of the proteomics.

There were 10 CYPs which had increased expression of both transcripts and proteins. These CYPs appeared to be largely trans-regulated, except for some CYPs for which we could not rule out gene duplication. We identified 65 genes and lncRNAs as potentially being responsible for elevating the expression of CYPs in CKR. Resistance was associated with multiple loci on chromosome 1 and at least one locus on chromosome 3. We also identified five CYPs that were overexpressed only as proteins, suggesting that stabilization of CYP proteins could be a mechanism of resistance. Future studies to increase the resolution of the resistance loci, and to examine the candidate genes and lncRNAs identified here will greatly enhance our understanding of CYP-mediated resistance in A. aegypti.
Enriched sleep environments lengthen lemur sleep duration
Authors: Vining Alexander Q. , Nunn Charles L. , Samson David R.
Published: November 2021

Characteristics of the sleep-site are thought to influence the quality and duration of primate sleep, yet only a handful of studies have investigated these links experimentally. Using actigraphy and infrared videography, we quantified sleep in four lemur species (Eulemur coronatus, Lemur catta, Propithecus coquereli, and Varecia rubra) under two different experimental conditions at the Duke Lemur Center (DLC) in Durham, NC, USA. Individuals from each species underwent three weeks of simultaneous testing to investigate the hypothesis that comfort level of the sleep-site influences sleep. We obtained baseline data on normal sleep, and then, in a pair-wise study design, we compared the daily sleep times, inter-daily activity stability, and intra-daily activity variability of individuals in simultaneous experiments of sleep-site enrichment and sleep-site impoverishment. Over 164 24-hour periods from 8 individuals (2 of each species), we found evidence that enriched sleep-sites increased daily sleep times of lemurs, with an average increase of thirty-two minutes. The effect of sleep-site impoverishment was small and not statistically significant. Though our experimental manipulations altered inter-daily stability and intra-daily variability in activity patterns relative to baseline, the changes did not differ significantly between enriched and impoverished conditions. We conclude that properties of a sleep-site enhancing softness or insulation, more than the factors of surface area or stability, influence lemur sleep, with implications regarding the importance of nest building in primate evolution and the welfare and management of captive lemurs.
Pain coping strategies and their association with quality of life in people with Parkinson’s disease: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Prell Tino , Liebermann Jenny Doris , Mendorf Sarah , Lehmann Thomas , Zipprich Hannah M.
Published: November 2021

Objective

To develop multidimensional approaches for pain management, this study aimed to understand how PD patients cope with pain.

Design

Cross-sectional, cohort study.

Setting

Monocentric, inpatient, university hospital.

Participants

52 patients with Parkinson’s disease (without dementia) analysed.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Motor function, nonmotor symptoms, health-related quality of life (QoL), and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire were assessed. Elastic net regularization and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to study the association among coping, clinical parameters, and QoL.

Results

Most patients cope with pain through active cognitive (coping self-statements) and active behavioral strategies (increasing pain behaviors and increasing activity level). Active coping was associated with lower pain rating. Regarding QoL domains, active coping was associated with better physical functioning and better energy, whereas passive coping was associated with poorer emotional well-being. However, as demonstrated by MANOVA, the impact of coping factors (active and passive) on the Short Form 36 domains was negligible after correction for age, motor function, and depression.

Conclusion

Passive coping strategies are the most likely coping response of those with depressive symptoms, whereas active coping strategies are the most likely coping response to influence physical function. Although coping is associated with pain rating, the extent that pain coping responses can impact on QoL seems to be low.
Unique characteristics of new complete blood count parameters, the Immature Platelet Fraction and the Immature Platelet Fraction Count, in dengue patients
Authors: Yasuda Ikkoh , Saito Nobuo , Suzuki Motoi , Umipig Dorcas Valencia , Solante Rontgene M. , Guzman Ferdinand De , Sayo Ana Ria , Yasunami Michio , Koizumi Nobuo , Kitashoji Emi , Sakashita Kentaro , Ng Chris Fook Sheng , Smith Chris , Ariyoshi Koya
Published: November 2021

The advanced platelet parameters Immature Platelet Fraction and Immature Platelet Fraction Count have been implemented in clinical practice as measures of thrombopoietic activity, mainly in hematologic disorders that cause thrombocytopenia. The purpose of this observational study was to examine thrombopoiesis as reflected by these 2 new CBC parameters in patients infected with dengue. The study was conducted in infectious disease referral hospital in Metro Manila, the Philippines. We enrolled hospitalized patients at admission who were diagnosed with acute dengue or community acquired bacterial infection (CABI). Immature Platelet Fraction (IPF) and Immature Platelet Fraction Count were evaluated at admission and during hospitalization. A total of 606 patients were enrolled from May 1, 2017 to June 1, 2018. The participants consisted of 152 patients with dengue infection, 180 confirmed CABI, and 274 suspected CABI patients. At admission, the percent IPF (IPF%) of the patients with dengue was significantly higher than that of the confirmed CABI patients (median 3.7% versus 1.9%; p <0.001). In a time course evaluation, there was no significant difference of IPF% between the patients with dengue infection and the confirmed CABI patients in the febrile phase (median 1.9% versus 2.4%; p = 0.488), however, the IPF% of the patients with dengue infection increased to be significantly higher than that of the confirmed CABI patients in the critical phase (median 5.2% versus 2.2%; p <0.001). Our study elucidated the unique characteristics and time-course trends of IPF percent and number (IPF#) in the patients with dengue infection. IPF% and IPF# are potentially valuable parameters in dengue and further investigation is required for the optimal use in clinical practice.
Role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Yuan , Pavey Holly , Wilkinson Ian , Fisk Marie
Published: November 2021

Interleukin (IL)-33 and its unique receptor, ST2, play a pivotal role in the immune response to infection and stress. However, there have been conflicting reports of the role of IL-33 in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the potential of this axis in differentiating CVD patients and controls and with CVD disease severity, remains unclear.

Aims

1) To quantify differences in circulating IL-33 and/or sST2 levels between CVD patients versus controls. 2) Determine association of these biomarkers with mortality in CVD and community cohorts.

Methods and results

Using Pubmed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Prospero and Cochrane databases, systematic review of studies published on IL-33 and/or sST2 levels in patients with CVD (heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, atrial fibrillation, stroke, coronary artery disease and hypertension) vs controls, and in cohorts of each CVD subtype was performed. Pooled standardised mean difference (SMD) of biomarker levels between CVD-cases versus controls and hazard ratios (HRs) for risk of mortality during follow-up in CVD patients, were assessed by random effects meta-analyses. Heterogeneity was evaluated with random-effects meta-regressions. From 1071 studies screened, 77 were meta-analysed. IL-33 levels were lower in HF and CAD patients vs controls, however levels were higher in stroke patients compared controls [Meta-SMD 1.455, 95% CI 0.372–2.537; p = 0.008, I2= 97.645]. Soluble ST2 had a stronger association with risk of all-cause mortality in ACS (Meta-multivariate HR 2.207, 95% CI 1.160–4.198; p = 0.016, I2= 95.661) than risk of all-cause mortality in HF (Meta-multivariate HR 1.425, 95% CI 1.268–1.601; p<0.0001, I2= 92.276). There were insufficient data to examine the association of IL-33 with clinical outcomes in CVD.

Conclusions

IL-33 and sST2 levels differ between CVD patients and controls. Higher levels of sST2 are associated with increased mortality in individuals with CVD. Further study of IL-33/ST2 in cardiovascular studies is essential to progress diagnostic and therapeutic advances related to IL-33/ST2 signalling.
Network analysis as an alternative way to interpret constitutions
Authors: Silveira e Silva Rafael
Published: November 2021

This article aims to identify networks of constitutional text structured in an imperceptible way. Constitutions has the power to reveal how its devices “dialogue” with each other, forming their own communicative communities. With the help from the network analysis methodology, an interpretative model of textual mapping is proposed based on internal references between the provisions of one Constitution. We use the Brazilian Constitution, whose text is very detailed, analytical and deals with various issues. As a result, a network was identified that included 174 connections between 95 articles of the Constitution and the existence of normative communities that share codes or communicative standards. The study demonstrates the strong possibility to found structuring axis of this communities and relates to the other issues that have reached constitutional stature, showing that the complexity of some Constitutions can be observed beyond its logical sequential structure.
Pseudomonas syringae effector HopZ3 suppresses the bacterial AvrPto1–tomato PTO immune complex via acetylation
Authors: Jeleńska Joanna , Lee Jiyoung , Manning Andrew J. , Wolfgeher Donald J. , Ahn Youngjoo , Walters-Marrah George , Lopez Ivan E. , Garcia Lissette , McClerklin Sheri A. , Michelmore Richard W. , Kron Stephen J. , Greenberg Jean T.
Published: November 2021

The plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae secretes multiple effectors that modulate plant defenses. Some effectors trigger defenses due to specific recognition by plant immune complexes, whereas others can suppress the resulting immune responses. The HopZ3 effector of P. syringae pv. syringae B728a (PsyB728a) is an acetyltransferase that modifies not only components of plant immune complexes, but also the Psy effectors that activate these complexes. In Arabidopsis, HopZ3 acetylates the host RPM1 complex and the Psy effectors AvrRpm1 and AvrB3. This study focuses on the role of HopZ3 during tomato infection. In Psy-resistant tomato, the main immune complex includes PRF and PTO, a RIPK-family kinase that recognizes the AvrPto effector. HopZ3 acts as a virulence factor on tomato by suppressing AvrPto1Psy-triggered immunity. HopZ3 acetylates AvrPto1Psy and the host proteins PTO, SlRIPK and SlRIN4s. Biochemical reconstruction and site-directed mutagenesis experiments suggest that acetylation acts in multiple ways to suppress immune signaling in tomato. First, acetylation disrupts the critical AvrPto1Psy-PTO interaction needed to initiate the immune response. Unmodified residues at the binding interface of both proteins and at other residues needed for binding are acetylated. Second, acetylation occurs at residues important for AvrPto1Psy function but not for binding to PTO. Finally, acetylation reduces specific phosphorylations needed for promoting the immune-inducing activity of HopZ3’s targets such as AvrPto1Psy and PTO. In some cases, acetylation competes with phosphorylation. HopZ3-mediated acetylation suppresses the kinase activity of SlRIPK and the phosphorylation of its SlRIN4 substrate previously implicated in PTO-signaling. Thus, HopZ3 disrupts the functions of multiple immune components and the effectors that trigger them, leading to increased susceptibility to infection. Finally, mass spectrometry used to map specific acetylated residues confirmed HopZ3’s unusual capacity to modify histidine in addition to serine, threonine and lysine residues.
Novelty, Uniqueness, Originality
Authors: Essig Linda
Published: November 2021

This essay explores the complexity of the tension between what art fundamentally is, a unique work that expresses symbolic meaning, and the reproduction of that work. There are artists who harness reproducibility as a way to produce an innovation (a creative idea that has impact), enact entrepreneurship (connect work with an audience through a mediating structure), and work efficiently so that they can make the money they need to feed their art. But reproduction also feeds the capitalist urge to exploit the labor of the artist for financial gain, albeit sometimes to the benefit of organizations that themselves support artists or are part of the cultural fabric of a community. And, paradoxically, innovation itself can be obstructed by the very institutions designed to nurture it. Like everything else about the relationship between art, money, and entrepreneurial action, the concept of novelty and uniqueness is complicated. Examples are drawn from the visual arts.
Reverse zoonosis of coronavirus disease-19: Present status and the control by one health approach
Authors: Pramod R. Kumar , Nair Asha V. , Tambare Padmakar Kamalakar , Chauhan Kanchana , Kumar T. Vinay , Rajan R. Anju , Mani Blessy M. , Asaf Muhasin , Pandey Amit Kumar
Published: October 2021

The recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak is one of its kind in the history of public health that has created a major global threat. The causative agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a zoonotic source and hence, reverse zoonosis (disease transmission from humans to animals) increases the risk and rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Serological and molecular analyses and experimental infection studies have identified SARS-CoV-2 infection in several animal species in various countries. Different domestic and wild animals, including cats, dogs, tigers, lions, puma, snow leopard, minks, and pet ferrets, are infected naturally with SARS-CoV-2, mostly through suspected human to animal transmission. In addition, in vivo experimental inoculation studies have reported the susceptibility of cats, ferrets, hamsters, Egyptian fruit bats, and non-human primates to the virus. These experimentally infected species are found to be capable of virus transmission to co-housed animals of the same species. However, SARS-CoV-2 showed poor replication in livestock species such as pigs, chickens, and ducks with no detection of viral RNA after the animals were deliberately inoculated with the virus or exposed to the infected animals. As the pets/companion animals are more susceptible to COVID-19, the infection in animals needs an in-depth and careful study to avoid any future transmissions. The one health approach is the best inter-disciplinary method to understand the consequences of viral spread and prevention in novel host populations for the betterment of public health. Further in this review, we will explain in detail the different natural and experimentally induced cases of human to animal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
THE INFLUENCE OF MANAUARA'S MUSIC ON THE CULTURAL IDENTITY OF RESIDENTS: A study on the Musical Event Tacacá na Bossa
Authors: Gama Leonardo Vanderson Pereira , Teixeira Maria Adriana S.B.
Published: November 2021

Nowadays it is known that music influences the destination choice because it is linked to the intangible heritage which strengthens the identity of a place. Therefore, it is known that the local music genres are very representative to establish a relationship between tourists and natives. Therefore, the overall goal is to analyze the influence of Manauara music on cultural identity through the Tacacá na Bossa event held in Largo São Sebastião. The specific goals are: Identify the  Manauara music historicity and the Tacacá na Bossa event, researching the main characteristics of Manauara music through local artists and bands, and analyzing the importance of the musical event Tacacá na Bossa for residents with a form of cultural identity. It is believed that this study is necessary because music is present in different kinds of sociability. Regarding the Amazonian Popular Music - MPA is important in the local identity appreciation and discusses the customs and language among others. In the methodological aspect, the approach is qualitative and quantitative and the methodological objectives are descriptive and exploratory. The results allowed us to understand the Amazonian musicians goals, the importance of the local language to strengthen the culture and representativeness of the Tacacá na Bossa event for composers and visitors.
Revisão Bibiográfica: Relação entre Cultura Organizacional e Liderança / Literature Review: Relation between Organizational Culture and Leadership
Authors: Fernandes Neto Manuel , Cantermi Bruno De Amorim , Lizote Suzete Antonieta
Published: November 2021

Resumo: O atual projeto tem como objetivo identificar a relação entre cultura organizacional e liderança dentro das empresas. Este projeto tem como justificativa para o seu desenvolvimento a falta de material que mencione a relação entre eles e espera servir de base para os próximos estudos relacionados com o tema. A metodologia escolhida para o desenvolvimento deste artigo foi a revisão bibliográfica, que irá mencionar a abordagens de autores nacionais e internacionais sobre cultura organizacional, liderança e a relação entre eles. Nas obras a serem citadas neste artigo, iremos enfatizar a pesquisa com dados verdadeiros e credibilidade, buscando em livros, revistas, banco de dados e sites. A fim de enfatizar o objetivo do atual artigo, iremos responder a seguinte pergunta: Será possível haver uma relação entre cultura organizacional e liderança? Palavras-chave: Cultura Organizacional; Liderança; Tipos de Líder.
Contribuições da Pós-Graduação Latu Sensu em Docência do Ensino Superior para a Formação Docente do Bacharel em Ciências Contábeis / Contributions of the Latu Sensu Post-Graduate Course in Higher Education Teaching to the Teaching Formation of the Bachelor of Accounting Sciences
Authors: Lacerda Rodrigo De Souza
Published: November 2021

Resumo: Dentro do exercício da docência, é exigido do professor algumas qualificações, e, especificamente no ensino superior, é possível observar a valorização das qualificações acadêmicas, pesquisas e títulos, em detrimento das qualificações pedagógicas. Sabe-se que os cursos de bacharelado não capacitam os formandos para atuarem como docentes universitários, onde estes, caso queiram atuar como professores a nível superior, deverão buscar qualificações específicas. É nesse contexto que o presente artigo científico enseja analisar as principais contribuições para a formação pedagógica do professor de contabilidade através da especialização lato sensu em Docência do Ensino Superior. Para isso, fez-se necessário abordar primeiramente acerca do ensino superior da contabilidade no Brasil, apresentando as principais áreas de atuação do bacharel em contabilidade e por fim, explanar sobre as contribuições da pós-graduação para a formação docente. Sendo assim, a metodologia utilizada pautou-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, onde foram utilizados livros de autores renomados sobre a temática abordada, a legislação própria e materiais disponibilizados em meios eletrônicos. Foi possível compreender que os docentes possuem uma visão positiva acerca da especialização em Docência do Ensino Superior devido aos pontos positivos proporcionados por essa formação. As principais contribuições trazidas estão relacionadas ao conhecimento pedagógico, interpessoal e relacional. Diante disso, ensinar de fato, é uma arte, e precisa continuamente ser aperfeiçoada a através de uma postura crítica e reflexiva da práxis, pois a reflexão é uma valiosa ferramenta que contribui para o auto desenvolvimento e transformação.
Ecologia Humana e Antropologia Cultural do Homem do Sertão Ribeirinho do São Francisco /
Authors: Araújo Anderson Wagner Santos  de , Santos Carlos Alberto Batista
Published: November 2021

Resumo: O presente trabalho tem por escopo conceituar a Ecologia humana e a Antropologia cultural e analisá-las sob o prisma da formação e vivências do homem do sertão, ribeirinho do Rio São Francisco. Serão apresentados diferentes conceitos culturais e como eles se relacionam com a vivência deste homem, perpassado por dilemas existenciais, fruto da sua singularidade e unicidade, mas também pelos desafios da vida em coletividade, decorrente da pluralidade e multiplicidade de visões de mundo. Será abordada ainda a antropologia em seu objeto de estudo, que versa sobre o ser humano de forma integral e totalizante, mesológica e somatológica. Este artigo busca analisar o sertanejo ribeirinho do São Francisco, além do determinismo biológico e geográfico, de forma dinâmica e possuidora de diversidades.  Quanto a metodologia, no mesmo foi adotada a pesquisa bibliográfica, de caráter exploratório, em abordagem científica de dimensão qualitativa. Como resultado da pesquisa se perceberá que a herança cultural do sertanejo ribeirinho, embora seja fortemente marcada por elementos comuns, é diversa e dinâmica, e que o sentimento de pertencimento é fator de harmonia social que propicia a criação de regras de convivência.
Proposta de Intervenção para Detecção Precoce do Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo / Proposed Intervention for Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Sampaio Mitécia Raquel Rodrigues Castelo Branco
Published: November 2021

Resumo: O Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) é um transtorno complexo e geneticamente heterogêneo, trata-se de um transtorno do desenvolvimento neurológico, caracterizado por dificuldades de comunicação e interação social e pela presença de comportamentos e/ou interesses repetitivos ou restritos. O problema encontrado na Unidade Básica de Saúde em que atuo é a quantidade de crianças com diagnóstico tardio de autismo. Por este motivo, percebeu-se a necessidade de implantar métodos já orientados por pediatras e neuropediatras, para a percepção de crianças com possíveis sinais e sintomas do transtorno do espectro do autismo. Para resolução da problemática, faz necessário, que médicos e os profissionais de saúde conheçam a fundo os critérios clínicos do TEA e as formas de intervenção. Este projeto de intervenção tem como principal objetivo implantar um projeto de intervenção para detecção precoce no transtorno do espetro do autismo em uma unidade básica de saúde no município de Acopiara-Ce. Este projeto tem como metodologia um treinamento com os profissionais de saúde com base no manual de orientação da Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria, neste documento contém informações pertinentes ao tema, como deve ser a detecção precoce, momentos de abordar a família e como proceder ao tratamento e encaminhamentos necessários. No mês de setembro de 2019, foi realizado um encontro com os profissionais enfermeiros e médicos das unidades básicas de saúde do município de Acopiara-Ce. Na ocasião repassamos o projeto de intervenção e detalhamos a relevância deste treinamento, como também a importância do diagnóstico precoce e tratamento/acompanhamento para as crianças diagnosticadas.