bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Weight-adjusted-waist index is positively associated with urinary incontinence: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2018
Authors: Cao Shangqi , Hu Xu , Tang Yaxiong , Wu Kang , Yang Weixiao , Li Xiang
Published: July 2024

Background

Urinary incontinence (UI) is closely related to obesity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of a novel anthropometric indicator weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) with UI.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used the data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2018. Weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between WWI and three types of UI [stress UI (SUI), urgency UI (UUI), and mixed UI (MUI)]. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Delong et al.’s test were utilized for comparison of the predictive capability for UI between WWI and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC).

Results

A total of 41,614 participants were included in this study, of whom 23.57% had SUI, 19.24% had UUI, and 9.43% had MUI. In the fully adjusted model, WWI was positively associated with three types of UI [SUI: odds ratio (OR) = 1.19, 95%Confidence interval (CI) 1.13–1.25; UUI: OR = 1.18, 95%CI 1.13–1.24; MUI: OR = 1.19, 95%CI 1.11–1.27, all p < 0.001]. Compared to the lowest WWI interval, the positive correlation between WWI and UI still existed in the highest WWI group after converting WWI to a categorical variable by quartiles (SUI: OR = 1.52, 95%CI 1.35–1.71, p < 0.001; UUI: OR = 1.50, 95%CI 1.33–1.69, p < 0.001; MUI: OR = 1.55, 95%CI 1.32–1.83, p < 0.001). WWI had a stronger prediction for three types of UI than BMI and WC (all p < 0.001).

Conclusion

A higher WWI was linked with an increased likelihood of three types of UI (SUI, UUI, and MUI) in the United State population. Compared to BMI and WC, WWI had a stronger predictive power for UI. WWI may be a better adiposity parameter for evaluating UI.
The involvement of krüppel-like transcription factor 2 in megakaryocytic differentiation induction by phorbol 12-myrestrat 13-acetate
Authors: Wang Zhen , Liu Zhongwen , Zhou Pan , Niu Xiaona , Sun Zhengdao , He Huan , Zhu Zunmin
Published: July 2024

Background

Megakaryocytic differentiation is a complicated process regulated by a series of transcription factors in a context- and stage-dependent manner. Recent studies have suggested that krüppel-like transcription factor 2 (KLF2) is involved in the control of embryonic erythroid precursor cell differentiation and maturation. However, the function and mechanism of KLF2 in regulating megakaryocytic differentiation remain unclear.

Methods

The expression patterns of krüppel-like transcription factors (KLFs) during megakaryocytic differentiation were identified from public databases. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment of the myeloid-erythroid-leukemic cell lines K562 and HEL were used as cellular megakaryocytic differentiation models. A lentiviral transduction system was utilized to achieve the goal of amplifying or reducing KLF2. The expression of KLF2 was examined using real-time PCR and western blot. The impact of KLF2 on the megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells was examined by flow cytometry, Giemsa staining, Phalloidin staining and western blot. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) technologies were used to identify the KLF2-regulated targets.

Results

KLF2 is increased in the maturation process of megakaryocytes. KLF2 overexpression accelerated the PMA-induced megakaryocytic differentiation, as reflected by an increased percentage of CD41/CD61 cells, an increased number of polyploid cells, and an elevated expression of P21 and P27. KLF2 knockdown exhibited the opposite results, indicating that KLF2 knockdown suppressed the megakaryocytic differentiation. Further, combination of the RNA-seq and ChIP-seq results suggested that chimerin 1 (CHN1) and potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 5 (KCNQ5) may be target genes regulated of KLF2. Both CHN1 and KCNQ5 knockdown could block the megakaryocytic differentiation to some content.

Conclusion

This study implicated a regulatory role of KLF2 in megakaryocytic differentiation, which may suggest KLF2 as a target for illness with abnormal megakaryocytic differentiation.
MonuNet: a high performance deep learning network for Kolkata heritage image classification
Authors: Sasithradevi A. , nathan Sabari , Chanthini B. , Subbulakshmi T. , Prakash P.
Published: July 2024

Kolkata, renowned as the City of Joy, boasts a rich tapestry of cultural heritage spanning centuries. Despite the significance of its architectural marvels, accessing comprehensive visual documentation of Kolkata's heritage sites remains a challenge. In online searches, limited imagery often fails to provide a detailed understanding of these historical landmarks. To address this gap, this paper introduces MonuNet, a high-performance deep-learning network specifically designed for the classification of heritage images from Kolkata. The development of MonuNet addresses the critical need for efficient and accurate identification of Kolkata's architectural marvels, which are significant tangible cultural heritages. The dataset used to train MonuNet is organized by heritage sites, each category within the dataset represents distinct sites. It includes images from 13 prominent heritage sites in Kolkata. For each of these sites, there are 50 images, making it a structured collection where each category (heritage site) is equally represented. The proposed network utilizes a unique architecture incorporating a Dense channel attention module and a Parallel-spatial channel attention module to capture intricate architectural details and spatial relationships within the images. Experimental evaluations demonstrate the superior performance of MonuNet in classifying Kolkata heritage images with an accuracy of 89%, Precision of 87.77%, and Recall of 86.61%. The successful deployment of MonuNet holds significant implications for cultural preservation, tourism enhancement, and urban planning in Kolkata, aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for sustainable city development. By providing a robust tool for the automatic identification and classification of heritage images, MonuNet promises to enrich online repositories with detailed visual documentation, thereby enhancing accessibility to Kolkata's cultural heritage for researchers, tourists, and urban planners alike.

Graphical Abstract
A 4-years of radar-based observation of bow echo over Bandung basin Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Ginaldi Ari , Halimurrahman  , Awaludin Asif , Fathrio Ibnu , Trilaksono Nurjanna Joko , Maryadi Edy , Sinatra Tiin , Renggono Findy , Satiadi Didi , Makmur Erwin , Putra Agie Wandala , Cholianawati Nani , Indrawati Asri , Madethen Tesalonika Angela Putri , Hapsari Ratih Indri
Published: July 2024

Background

This study presents a 4-year (January 2019–April 2023) X-band radar network-based bow echo observation over Great Bandung Indonesia. This study provides insight into the temporal and spatial variability of bow echo distribution and presents the atmospheric condition associated with the bow echo events. Temporal analysis is categorical into monthly, seasonally, and diurnal. The analysis was performed using X-band radar network and reanalysis data (ERA5).

Result

At least 26 bow echoes were identified across the Bandung basin from X-band radar network during the study period. From this total number of bow echoes, the observation of initiation modes is primarily generated from a weakly organized cell, with few coming from the squall line. The bow echo mostly evolved from noon until afternoon. The rainy season (December–January–February) and transition season (March–April–May) is the most frequent period of bow echo occurrence, with March being the most active month. Nevertheless, this study also found bow echo occurrence in the dry season (June–July–August). For the spatial analysis, the studied area is divided into two regions representing the eastern and western part of Bandung basin. The eastern region recorded the most intense occurrences with 14 events. The movement of bow echo in this region covered a shorter distance (average distance only 4.56 km), with all initiation modes occurring inside the region. The atmospheric condition within this region has less moisture flux, with higher CAPE and slightly higher surface temperature. Meanwhile, in the western region have different characteristics with higher moisture flux, a slight effect of CAPE and CINH, with longer distance and zonal movement direction of bow echo displacement.

Conclusion

These conditions indicate that local convection is the dominant mode of bow echo initiation mode in the eastern region of Bandung basin. Meanwhile, the monsoon effect influences the bow echo initiation mode in the western region. Given that the observed 4-year bow echo has different characteristics from previous studies of bow echo in mid latitudes, developing different criteria for bow echo detection in the tropics is crucial.
Mapping of the network connection between sleep quality symptoms, depression, generalized anxiety, and burnout in the general population of Peru and El Salvador
Authors: Yupanqui-Lorenzo Daniel E. , Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Baños-Chaparro Jonatan , Arauco-Lozada Tania , Palao-Loayza Luis , Rivera Marlon Elías Lobos , Barrios Iván , Torales Julio
Published: July 2024

Background

A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials has suggested a bidirectional relationship between sleep problems and mental health issues. Despite these findings, there is limited conclusive evidence on the relationship between sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and burnout.

Objective

The current study aimed to evaluate the relationships between sleep quality symptoms, anxiety, depression, and burnout in samples of adult individuals from two Latin American countries, Peru and El Salvador, through network analysis and to identify key symptoms that reinforce the correlation and intensify the syndromes.

Methods

A total of 1012 individuals from El Salvador and Peru participated, with an average age of 26.5 years (SD = 9.1). Symptom networks were constructed for both countries based on data from the Jenkins Sleep Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-2, General Anxiety Disorder-2, and a single burnout item.

Results

The results indicated that Depressed Mood, Difficulty Falling Asleep, and Nervousness were the most central symptoms in a network in the participating countries. The strongest conditional associations were found between symptoms belonging to the same construct, which were similar in both countries. Thus, there is a relationship between Nervousness and Uncontrollable Worry, Anhedonia and Depressed Mood, and Nighttime Awakenings and Difficulty in Staying Asleep. It was observed that burnout is a bridge symptom between both countries and presents stronger conditional associations with Tiredness on Awakening, Depressed Mood, and Uncontrollable Worry. Other bridge symptoms include a Depressed Mood and Nervousness. The network structure did not differ between the participants from Peru and El Salvador.

Conclusion

The networks formed by sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and burnout symptoms play a prominent role in the comorbidity of mental health problems among the general populations of Peru and El Salvador. The symptom-based analytical approach highlights the different diagnostic weights of these symptoms. Treatments or interventions should focus on identifying central and bridge symptoms.
In vivo neural regeneration via AAV-NeuroD1 gene delivery to astrocytes in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury
Authors: Kim Miri , Oh Seokmin , Kim Songyeon , Kim Il-Sun , Kim Joowon , Han Jungho , Ahn Ji Woong , Chung Seungsoo , Jang Jae-Hyung , Shin Jeong Eun , Park Kook In
Published: July 2024

Background

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) is a significant contributor to neonatal mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental disability, characterized by massive neuronal loss and reactive astrogliosis. Current therapeutic approaches for neonatal HIBI have been limited to general supportive therapy because of the lack of methods to compensate for irreversible neuronal loss. This study aimed to establish a feasible regenerative therapy for neonatal HIBI utilizing in vivo direct neuronal reprogramming technology.

Methods

Neonatal HIBI was induced in ICR mice at postnatal day 7 by permanent right common carotid artery occlusion and exposure to hypoxia with 8% oxygen and 92% nitrogen for 90 min. Three days after the injury, NeuroD1 was delivered to reactive astrocytes of the injury site using the astrocyte-tropic adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector AAVShH19. AAVShH19 was engineered with the Cre-FLEX system for long-term tracking of infected cells.

Results

AAVShH19-mediated ectopic NeuroD1 expression effectively converted astrocytes into GABAergic neurons, and the converted cells exhibited electrophysiological properties and synaptic transmitters. Additionally, we found that NeuroD1-mediated in vivo direct neuronal reprogramming protected injured host neurons and altered the host environment, i.e., decreased the numbers of activated microglia, reactive astrocytes, and toxic A1-type astrocytes, and decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors. Furthermore, NeuroD1-treated mice exhibited significantly improved motor functions.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that NeuroD1-mediated in vivo direct neuronal reprogramming technology through AAV gene delivery can be a novel regenerative therapy for neonatal HIBI.
A comprehensive review for chronic disease prediction using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Islam Rakibul , Sultana Azrin , Islam Mohammad Rashedul
Published: July 2024

The past few years have seen an emergence of interest in examining the significance of machine learning (ML) in the medical field. Diseases, health emergencies, and medical disorders may now be identified with greater accuracy because of technological advancements and advances in ML. It is essential especially to diagnose individuals with chronic diseases (CD) as early as possible. Our study has focused on analyzing ML’s applicability to predict CD, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, liver, and neurological disorders. This study offered a high-level summary of the previous research on ML-based approaches for predicting CD and some instances of their applications. To wrap things up, we compared the results obtained by various studies and the methodologies as well as tools employed by the researchers. The factors or parameters that are responsible for improving the accuracy of the predicting model for different previous works are also identified. For identifying significant features, most of the authors employed a variety of strategies, where least absolute shrinkage and selection (LASSO), minimal-redundancy-maximum-relevance (mRMR), and RELIEF are extensively used methods. It is seen that a wide range of ML approaches, including support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), naïve Bayes (NB), etc., have been widely used. Also, several deep learning techniques and hybrid models are employed to create CD prediction models, resulting in efficient and reliable clinical decision-making models. For the benefit of the whole healthcare system, we have also offered our suggestions for enhancing the prediction results of CD.
Championing Diversity in Mohs and Cutaneous Oncology: Reducing Disparities in Skin Cancer Care for Patients of Color
Authors: Negbenebor Nicole A.
Published: July 2024

Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer affecting people in America. Skin cancer grows in patients from many diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds. Research shows that there are significant disparities that exist in the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer for patients of color. Patients of color have lower incidence but higher rates of mortality for certain types of skin cancers. This article expounds on the role of diversity in Mohs surgery and cutaneous oncology to improve medical outcomes and address these health care disparities. By training an oncology workforce that has increased representation and improved cultural competence, the health care system can collaborate to achieve health equity in the treatment of skin cancer. Through both collaboration and advocacy, the oncology field can create an inclusive health care system that prioritizes the needs of all patients.
Humor as Hope?
Authors: Skiveren Nicolai
Published: July 2024

This article examines the use of humor in contemporary environmental short films, centering on the alleviating power of humor and its capacity to challenge conventional modes of perception. It argues that humor constitutes an important narrative device in the stories of critical hope that scholars claim are necessary in moving beyond the debilitating registers of apocalyptic rhetoric and crisis discourse. By comparing two short films—the Indian satire Finding Beauty in Garbage, and the American mockumentary The Majestic Plastic Bag—the article examines the affordance of irony, parody, and satire to model alternative and hopeful ways of interacting with contemporary toxic landscapes. The article demonstrates that while genres and devices such as satire, irony, and parody all trouble anthropocentric paradigms of human mastery, they do so in different ways and with different implications. Whereas satire offers an effective vehicle for lamenting the proliferation of waste, the critical mood that defines the genre also restricts its capacity for generating meanings and sensibilities outside conventional environmental discourse. By contrast, parody and irony appear more suited to mobilize such changes, as their playful estrangements model innovative and self-reflexive ways of perceiving waste as a source of beauty, a site of agency, and an object of guilt.
Cognitive Assessment in Grappling Athletes Following Choke versus Nonchoke Submissions
Authors: STELLPFLUG SAMUEL J. , DALRYMPLE KIRSTEN A. , DUMMER MATTHEW F. , SCHINDLER BROC R. , ASHTON SARAH V. , BACHMAN DAVID S. , LEFEVERE ROBERT C.
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Participation in Brazilian jiu-jitsu and mixed martial arts has increased over the last three decades. These sports feature submission attacks, including strangles. These strangles, termed “chokes” in this context, primarily limit blood flow to the brain via compression of neck vasculature. There has been discussion in literature of the possibility of measurable cognitive effects following transient choking episodes. The present study used the King-Devick test (KDT) platform, a tablet-based reaction time and accuracy task designed to measure participants’ number recognition, cognition, and verbal expression. This task requires functional vision, saccadic eye movements, comprehension, and expression.

Methods

Volunteer participants were screened for exclusion (prior brain injury) criteria and survey information before testing. Athletes were tested with the KDT immediately before a Brazilian jiu-jitsu training session, again immediately after succumbing to either a choke (“Choke” arm) or nonchoke (“Non-Choke” arm) submission while sparring, and again after a 10-min rest period following the postsubmission test. Analysis was done on test failures, total test times, and individual difference scores between baseline and subsequent testing.

Results

Sixty-two (32 Choke, 30 Non-Choke) participants were analyzed. There was no significant difference between Choke and Non-Choke in test failures (χ
2(1,62) = 1.25, P = 0.263), total times (t(60) = 0.62, P = 0.540; 95% CI, −3.44 to 6.51), and individual difference scores (t(60) = 0.29, P = 0.776; 95% CI, −2.41 to 3.21).

Conclusions

There were no significant differences between study arms in any of the three analyzed measures. This suggests that cognitive functioning, as measured by the KDT, is not affected by transient choking episodes.
Διερεύνηση της χρήσης βίντεο στο Δημοτικό σχολείο και αποτίμηση της ποιότητας των βίντεο που χρησιμοποιούνται
Authors: Καπανδέλης Γεώργιος , Σοφός Αλιβίζος (Λοΐζος)
Published: July 2024

Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να διερευνηθούν τόσο ο βαθμός και ο τρόπος χρήσης του βίντεο από τους εκπαιδευτικούς της Πρωτοβάθμιας ως εκπαιδευτικό υλικό όσο και η ποιοτική αποτίμηση των βίντεο που χρησιμοποιούν στη βάση ποιοτικών κριτηρίων. Για την  επίτευξη του ακολουθήθηκε μια μεικτή ερευνητική μέθοδος χωρισμένη σε δύο στάδια. Το πρώτο περιλάμβανε έρευνα δημοσκοπικού τύπου, με ερωτηματολόγιο από όπου συλλέχθηκαν δεδομένα σχετικά με τον βαθμό χρήσης, τον τρόπο, τα κριτήρια επιλογής βίντεο αλλά και ηλεκτρονικές διευθύνσεις βίντεο που δήλωσαν οι ερωτηθέντες πως χρησιμοποιούν στην διδασκαλία. Το δεύτερο στάδιο της έρευνας περιλάμβανε την ποσοτικοποιήμενη ανάλυση περιεχομένου αυτών των βίντεο, από δύο ερευνητές με βάση ένα πρωτόκολλο παρατήρησης- ρουμπρίκα που εξετάζει τα ποιοτικά κριτήρια. Συλλέχθηκαν δεδομένα από 150 εκπαιδευτικούς ΠΕ70 & ΠΕ71, και 94 ηλεκτρονικές διευθύνσεις βίντεο, από τα οποία εξετάστηκαν, ως προς τα ποιοτικά χαρακτηριστικά,  τελικά τα 42 από δύο ερευνητές. Από τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας φαίνεται πως οι Έλληνες εκπαιδευτικοί χρησιμοποιούν συχνά βίντεο στην διδασκαλία αναγνωρίζοντας την προστιθέμενη παιδαγωγική αξία του μέσου, αλλά δεν να κάνουν πάντοτε βέλτιστη και ορθή χρήση του. Επιπλέον αν και φαίνεται να επιλέγουν προσεκτικά τα βίντεο που πρόκειται να προβάλουν ώστε να αντιστοιχεί το περιεχόμενο στην ομάδα αναφοράς και τους επιδιωκόμενους στόχους, δεν φαίνεται να έχουν γνώση των ποιοτικών κριτηρίων που προτείνονται από την βιβλιογραφία με αποτέλεσμα τα βίντεο που τελικά χρησιμοποιούν να είναι μέτρια ποιοτικά.
Οι Αρμενοβυζαντινές εκκλησιαστικές σχέσεις κατά τον Ι΄-ΙΑ΄ αι.
Authors: Καζαριάν Γκέβοργκ
Published: July 2024

Η διατριβή είναι αφιερωμένη στην ανάδειξη των Αρμενοβυζαντινών εκκλησιαστικών επαφών και αναφορών από μέσα των πολιτικών εξελίξεων της περιόδου του Ι΄-ΙΑ΄ αι. Κατά τη περίοδο αυτή, καίτοι η Αρμενία χωρίστηκε σε βασίλεια – αρχικά των Βαγρατιδών (885-1045) με πρωτεύουσα το περίφημο Ανί, ύστερα το βασίλειο Βασπουρακάν των Αρτσρουνιδών (908-1021), στη συνέχεια δε, σε μικρότερα φεουδαρχικά κρατίδια, εντούτοις η χώρα έζησε μια περίοδο σχετικής ειρήνης, ευημερίας, οικονομικής και πολιτισμικής άνθισης. Από το β΄ μισό του Ι΄ αι. η αυτοκρατορία προχώρησε σε πολιτική της οριστικής καταβολής και ενσωμάτωσης των αρμενικών κρατιδίων. Έτσι, τα έτη 968, 1001 και 1021 στο σύνολο της αυτοκρατορίας ενσωματώθηκαν αντίστοιχα το πριγκιπάτο του Ταρών, το Αρμενογεωργιανό βασίλειο του Τάικ και το βασίλειο Βασπουρακάν. Κατόπιν, το 1045, παρά την αντίδραση των Αρμενίων, ο βυζαντινός στρατός κατέλαβε το Ανί, και το κράτος των Βαγρατιδών έπαψε να υφίσταται. Οι επαφές των ηγετών της Εκκλησίας της Αρμενίας με την Εκκλησία της Κωνσταντινουπόλεως αρχικά καλούνταν να υπηρετήσουν τις ανάγκες των Βαγρατιδών για την αναγνώριση και ενίσχυση της εξουσίας τους από την αυτοκρατορία. Από το β΄μισό του Ι΄αι., όμως η στάση της αρμενικής ιεραρχίας απέναντι στους Ορθοδόξους σκληρύνθηκε, έχοντας υπόψη την εξάπλωση των ορθοδόξων κοινοτήτων στην Αρμενία, παράλληλα με την επέκταση και στερέωση της εξουσίας του αυτοκράτορα στα αρμενικά εδάφη.Ταυτόχρονα, εντός των κόλπων της ίδιας Αρμενικής Αποστολικής Εκκλησίας διαμορφώθηκε μια φιλενωτική παράταξη, η οποία τελικά απέτυχε. Μέσα σε ηλεκτρισμένη ατμόσφαιρα των αμοιβαίων διωγμών και κατηγοριών εκατέρωθεν αναπτύχτηκε πλούσια Βυζαντινοαρμενική θεολογική γραμματεία έντονου πολεμικού χαρακτήρα. Η προσεκτική και αμερόληπτης εξέταση αυτής των μνημείων αυτής της γραμματείας καλείται να συμβάλει στον θεολογικό διάλογο που στις μέρες μας επισήμως και επιτυχώς διεξάγεται μεταξύ των ορθοδόξων και των προχαλκηδονίων χριστιανών.
Η συγκρότηση της προϊστορικής αρχαιολογίας στην Ελλάδα
Authors: Μπούζα Ιουλία
Published: July 2024

Η παρούσα διατριβή εξετάζει την επιστήμη της αρχαιολογίας σε ιστορικό και θεωρητικό επίπεδο με σκοπό τη διερεύνηση των ιδιαίτερων συνθηκών που οδήγησαν στην συγκρότηση της προϊστορικής αρχαιολογίας ως ξεχωριστού κλάδου στην Ελλάδα. Στους στόχους της διατριβής συμπεριλαμβάνεται η ανάδειξη του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών ως φορέα με πολλαπλή συμβολή στη συγκρότηση του κλάδου της προϊστορικής αρχαιολογίας και η εδραίωσή του στις μελλοντικές συζητήσεις σχετικά με την ιστορία της αρχαιολογίας στην Ελλάδα. Ένας ακόμη στόχος ήταν η συμπλήρωση των πληροφοριών σχετικά με σημαντικές για την ελληνική αρχαιολογία προσωπικότητες, εφόσον διερευνήθηκαν έως τώρα ανεξερεύνητες πτυχές της δράσης και της ακαδημαϊκής τους ιδιότητας. Τέλος απώτερο στόχο της έρευνας αποτέλεσε η διαμόρφωση μίας πληρέστερης εικόνας σχετικά με την επιστημολογική εξέλιξη του πεδίου της προϊστορικής αρχαιολογίας υπό το πρίσμα των ιδιαίτερων συνθηκών της ελληνικής πραγματικότητας. Οι στόχοι αυτοί προσεγγίστηκαν μέσω της μελέτης του έργου και της διδασκαλίας προσωπικοτήτων που έδρασαν στο πρώτο και για σχεδόν έναν αιώνα το μόνο Ανώτατο Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα της χώρας και συμμετείχαν στη διαδικασία συγκρότησης του νέου κλάδου. Αυτά διερευνώνται σε συνάρτηση με τις διεθνείς επιστημολογικές τάσεις, τις αντικειμενικές συνθήκες που επικράτησαν στο πανεπιστήμιο ανά περίοδο και τις μεγάλες ανακαλύψεις σε προϊστορικές θέσεις που επηρέασαν την πορεία προς τη συγκρότηση του κλάδου. Οι σχετικές πληροφορίες αντλήθηκαν από την υπάρχουσα βιβλιογραφία και από πρωτογενές αρχειακό υλικό. Η βιβλιογραφική έρευνα στηρίχθηκε σε ανασκαφικές εκθέσεις, ερευνητικά συγγράμματα και δημοσιεύσεις στον εγχώριο και διεθνή επιστημονικό και λόγιο τύπο για την εξέταση του ερευνητικού έργου των μελετώμενων προσωπικοτήτων και σε εγχειρίδια διδασκαλίας, πίνακες εικόνων και δημοσιευμένες πανεπιστημιακές παραδόσεις για τη μελέτη του διδακτικού τους έργου. Το αρχειακό υλικό που μελετήθηκε προέρχεται κυρίως από το Ιστορικό Αρχείο του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών και αφορά σε πρακτικά συνεδριάσεων της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής και της Συγκλήτου, πλήθος εγγράφων από το αρχείο πρωτοκόλλου και έντυπα του πανεπιστημίου.
In vitro evaluation of ruminal digestibility and fermentation characteristics of local feedstuff-based beef cattle ration
Authors: Mayulu Hamdi , Daru Taufan Purwakusumaning , Tricahyadinata Irsan
Published: July 2024

Background: Optimum productivity of beef cattle is achieved with adequate feed supply, both in quality and quantity. Consumption of local feedstuff Neptunia plena L. Benth and Leersia hexandra Swartz as a ration by the animal subject is expected to promote cost efficiency and production, as well as provide essential nutrition needs. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), N-NH3 production, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) in beef cattle. Methods: Feed and rumen inoculum samples were prepared and analyzed for their proximate contents. There were five treatment groups based on the diet received by beef cattle. In vitro approaches were used to determine the DMD, OMD, N-NH3 production, and VFA in beef cattle. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Feed Nutrient Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Agriculture, Diponegoro University, Semarang. The data were analyzed using ANOVA at a significance level of 95%, and a Duncan Multiple Range Test. Results: The results showed that the highest DMD (P<0.05) was derived from T5 (56.47%), followed by T4 (56.45%) and T3 (55.90%). T5=62.40% significantly (P<0.05) generated the highest OMD followed by T4=61.95% and T3=60.82%. This treatment had the highest N-NH3 value, namely 5.02 mM, compared with T3=4.55 mM, T4=4.50 mM, T2=4.22 mM, and T1=3.99 mM. Furthermore, T5 had the highest VFA (P<0.05) compared with T4, T3, T2, and T1 with the value of 150.5, 133.0, 130.5, 130.0, and 123.5 mM, respectively. Conclusions: The local feedstuff-based ration contributed to beef cattle production.
Early, typical, and late talkers: an exploratory study on predictors of language development in the first two years of life
Authors: Logrieco Maria Grazia , Nicolì Ilaria , Spinelli Maria , Lionetti Francesca , D'Urso Giulio , Guerra Giulia Carlotta , D'Aloia Valeria , Toto Giusi , Fasolo Mirco
Published: July 2024

Background The consensus in scientific literature is that each child undergoes a unique linguistic development path, albeit with shared developmental stages. Some children excel or lag behind their peers in language skills. Consequently, a key challenge in language acquisition research is pinpointing factors influencing individual differences in language development. Methods We observed children longitudinally from 3 to 24 months of life to explore early predictors of vocabulary size. Based on the productive vocabulary size of children at 24 months, 30 children met our sample selection criteria: 10 late talkers and 10 early talkers, and we compared them with 10 typical talkers. We evaluated interactive behaviors at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, considering vocal production, gaze at mother’s face, and gestural production during mother-child interactions, and we considered mothers’ report of children’s actions and gestures and receptive-vocabulary size at 15 and 18 months. Results Results indicated early precursors of language outcome at 24 months identifiable as early as 3 months in vocal productions, 6 months for gaze at mother’s face and 12 months for gestural productions. Conclusions Our research highlights both theoretical and practical implications. Theoretically, identifying the early indicators of belonging to the group of late or early talkers underscores the significant role of this developmental period for future studies. On a practical note, our findings emphasize the crucial need for early investigations to identify predictors of vocabulary development before the typical age at which lexical delay is identified.
Effects of electroacupuncture on cognitive symptoms in major depressive disorder: a pilot study and randomized controlled trial
Authors: Boontra Yindee , Thanetnit Chommakorn , Phanasathit Muthita
Published: July 2024

Objectives To investigate the impact of electroacupuncture on cognitive function, quality of life (QoL), and depression severity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods This double-blinded randomized controlled trial included 60 participants aged 18-55 with cognitive symptoms related to MDD at Thammasat University Hospital. Participants were divided into two groups: the electroacupuncture group combined with standard antidepressant treatment (EG; n=30) and the control group receiving standard care with placebo acupuncture (CG; n=30). The study assessed 1) executive functions using the Trail making test- B and Stroop Color and Word Test, 2) delayed recall, and 3) subjective cognitive complaint and Quality of life (QoL) using WHODAS 2.0. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Thai version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Baseline and post-intervention assessments were conducted over 10 weeks. Mann-Whitney U test analyzed treatment effects by comparing median differences between groups. Results Both groups exhibited similar demographics and cognitive traits. Cognitive improvement was observed in both groups at the endpoint. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed significantly higher median scores for subjective cognitive complaints in the EG compared to the CG (EG: Median = 5.5, CG: Median = 0.0, p=0.049). No serious side effects were identified from either electroacupuncture or placebo acupuncture. Conclusions Electroacupuncture improved subjective complaints in MDD patients with cognitive symptoms, but did not show effects on specific cognitive functions, QoL, or depressive symptoms. This study provides initial evidence supporting the potential of electroacupuncture in MDD patients with cognitive symptoms, suggesting opportunities for further research. Trial registration NCT06239740, February 2, 2024, ClinicalTrials.gov.
On the Transmission of Elements of Intangible Cultural Heritage – the Example of the Carnival Rituals in a Rural Environment
Authors: Jágerová Margita
Published: July 2024

The carnival (fašiangy) is a long-established and still occurring cultural phenomenon in Slovak society. It resonates not only in our society as a whole, but also at local level as a significant period of the calendar ritual cycle. The contribution presents the problem of the transmission of selected carnival phenomena in the municipality of Borský Mikuláš (the Senica District) in the south-west of Slovakia. Dealing with current ways of transferring the traditional model of the carnival door-to-door sabre procession and maintaining its continuity, as well as current ways of studying carnival rituals and necessary skills, the text draws attention to new ways of using and dealing with these phenomena of intangible cultural heritage in the current rural society.
Rosemary oil - a remedy for various conditions?
Authors: Kmiotek Weronika , Kwaśniak Ksenia , Magierska Agata , Foryś Angelika , Miłek Magdalena , Banach Mariola , Ślusarczyk Monika , Stawska Weronika , Kotowicz Zuzanna , Karuś Aleksandra
Published: July 2024

Introduction and Purpose: The use of rosemary oil has become a new trend in cosmetology and medicine. The purpose of the study is to systematize information on the composition of rosemary oil and its effects on specific health problems.
Materials and methods: A literature search was conducted using the medical databases PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles were retrieved in English, employing the key words: “rosemary oil”, “Rosmarinus officinalis”, „rosmarinic acid” and „carnosolin” appropriate configurations.
Conclusions: Rosemary oil exhibits a wide range of potential therapeutic and cosmetic applications, making it an extremely versatile and valuable ingredient. Its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticancer properties confirm its status as a powerful tool in natural medicine. Nonetheless, in order to fully realize its potential, further clinical and experimental research is needed to thoroughly understand its mechanisms of action and to develop effective and safe therapies. In this way, rosemary oil can gain even wider application and become a key element in the treatment of many diseases and in daily health and beauty care.
Current options for cannabinoids in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Zdzieblo Piotr , Machała-Ćwikła Ewelina , Łapińska Urszula , Ćwikła Piotr , Machała Kamila , Zdziebło Anna , Machała Dominika , Zdzieblo Katarzyna , Bieniasz Anna
Published: July 2024

The utility of cannabinoids as agents used to treat diseases is a popular topic of discussion these days. The approval of medical marijuana continues to stir up controversy. As far back as ancient times, hemp was used for medicinal purposes. These plants have the ability to produce phytochemicals and other compounds such as flavonoids and terpenes. Respective species of hemp differ in the content of particular chemical compounds and therefore have different possible uses. Among the best-known phytocannabinoids found in hemp are delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). They have partially opposing effects and interact with the corresponding receptors of the endocannabinoid system in the body's tissues. We also distinguish between cannabinoids of endogenous origin - endocannabinoids (EC) and synthetic cannabinoids (SC). The effects of THC and CBD on the human body are still being studied. Information about them that appears in the media, is often reported inaccurately or incompletely. There is now a growing body of research into the use of cannabinoids to treat and alleviate the symptoms of many diseases. Due to the neuroprotective effects of THC and CBD, researchers' work has focused on using them to treat neurodegenerative diseases, which include Parkinson's disease (PD).
Videoarte e infoesfera: Dispositivos alternativos al exceso de la era digital en la videocreación española.
Authors: Arroyo Plasencia Beatriz
Published: July 2024

El estudio de la percepción acelerada de nuestro día a día en la era digital es una corriente ya habitual en muchos campos de investigación. La implantación de Internet en el devenir diario, que conlleva un consumo infinito de imágenes, datos e información ha propiciado en este universo multipantalla un sentir de la temporalidad fugaz, sin freno. Desde el campo del audiovisual esto se ha visto, si cabe, mucho más potenciado que en cualquier otro. El alimento en redes son ahora cientos de vídeos —productos audiovisuales— puestos a disposición del consumidor (o prosumidor, en cualquier caso), quien ya no surfea en la red, sino que se desliza en ese continuo bucle de datos digitales que la cultura red ofrece para él. El hecho expuesto nos lleva a preguntarnos cuál es la respuesta que ofrece tanto el campo del arte como el del audiovisual para él. El videoarte, desde su nacimiento en la década de los sesenta, surgió como medio subversivo y crítico hacia la televisión comercial, entre otros. Hoy en día, de manera análoga, algunos videocreadores utilizan este potencial crítico frente al exceso de imágenes y temporalidad acelerada de la era digital. En este estudio tomaremos algunos ejemplos de videocreadores españoles —como Tete Álvarez, María Cañas, Marta Negre o Daniel Canogar— para estudiar cómo, desde nuestro ámbito nacional, también existe una vertiente crítica —o al menos reflexiva— que señala estos comportamientos en la era red.
Los adolescentes en las series de televisión: Élite como estudio de caso.
Authors: Forteza Martínez Aurora
Published: July 2024

Las series de televisión se han convertido, en los últimos años, en uno de los formatos televisivos más consumidos entre la audiencia, especialmente entre los más jóvenes, llegando a calificar este momento en el que se encuentran como la edad de oro. Dentro de este estudio se plantea la necesidad de analizar tanto los personajes como los mensajes educativos que se transmiten en la serie de televisión Élite. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, se ha optado por una metodología cualitativa a través de un análisis de contenido de las temáticas que se muestran en la serie, así como un estudio de los personajes que en ella aparecen. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos se observa cómo se tratan aspectos relacionados con el adecuado uso de las redes sociales, el ciberacoso, las relaciones homosexuales o las enfermedades como el cáncer o el VIH. Por otra parte, a través de los personajes se muestra una gran diversidad de nacionalidades, así como de orientación sexual. Como principales conclusiones, se observa como las series de televisión para adolescentes tienden a captar la atención de la audiencia juvenil a través de temáticas y personajes que resultan cercanos a ellos y con quienes se pueden identificar.
Hardness of Pricing Routes for Two-Stage Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problems with Scenarios
Authors: Ota Matheus J. , Fukasawa Ricardo
Published: July 2024

On the Difficulty of Pricing Routes for Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problems

Many approaches exist for dealing with the uncertainty in the vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands (VRPSD), but the most popular approach models the VRPSD as a two-stage stochastic program where a recourse policy prescribes actions that handle when the realized demands exceed the vehicle capacity. Similarly to other VRP variants, some state-of-the-art algorithms for the VRPSD use set-partitioning formulations that generate variables (routes) via a pricing problem. All of these algorithms, however, have strong assumptions on the probability distribution of customer demands, a simplification that might not be realistic in some applications. In “Hardness of Pricing Routes for Two-Stage Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problems with Scenarios,” Ota and Fukasawa examine the challenges associated with solving the pricing problem of the VRPSD when the customer demands are given by scenarios. They demonstrate that the VRPSD pricing problem is strongly NP-hard for a wide variety of recourse policies and route relaxations. This highlights the difficulty of developing efficient pricing algorithms for the VRPSD with scenario-based demand models.
Inverse Optimization for Routing Problems
Authors: Zattoni Scroccaro Pedro , van Beek Piet , Mohajerin Esfahani Peyman , Atasoy Bilge
Published: July 2024

We propose a method for learning decision makers’ behavior in routing problems using inverse optimization (IO). The IO framework falls into the supervised learning category and builds on the premise that the target behavior is an optimizer of an unknown cost function. This cost function is to be learned through historical data, and in the context of routing problems, can be interpreted as the routing preferences of the decision makers. In this view, the main contributions of this study are to propose an IO methodology with a hypothesis function, loss function, and stochastic first-order algorithm tailored to routing problems. We further test our IO approach in the Amazon Last Mile Routing Research Challenge, where the goal is to learn models that replicate the routing preferences of human drivers, using thousands of real-world routing examples. Our final IO-learned routing model achieves a score that ranks second compared with the 48 models that qualified for the final round of the challenge. Our examples and results showcase the flexibility and real-world potential of the proposed IO methodology to learn from decision-makers’ decisions in routing problems.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Transportation Science Special Issue on TSL Conference 2023.

Funding: This work was supported by the European Research Council [TRUST-949796].
A case of small bowel evisceration through the rectum and anus
Authors: Farrugia Alexia , Sarma Diwakar , Mobarak Dham
Published: July 2024

A 46-year-old man presented with a small bowel prolapsing through the anus after straining on the toilet, which was starting to become ischaemic. He admitted to inserting a plastic object in his rectum about half an hour before straining. The bowel was kept moist by placing an intravenous drip line with saline dripping onto a wet swab. In theatre, the bowel was found to be prolapsing through a hole in the upper rectum and out through the anus. It was reduced back into the abdominal cavity through the same perforation, which was 4 cm long, without needing to extend it. This was sutured with polydioxanone (PDS) 2-0 as there was no contamination with faeces or pus. Due to improvement in the appearance of a small bowel and an extremely bruised mesentery, a re-look was planned in 24 hours. At the re-look the small bowel appeared healthy, therefore no resection was performed. However, a loop colostomy was fashioned to protect the upper rectal perforation repair. This shows that resection is not always required in such cases.
A comparative metabolomic analysis reveals the metabolic variations among cartilage of Kashin-Beck disease and osteoarthritis
Authors: Chang Hong , Liu Li , Zhang Qingping , Xu Gangyao , Wang Jianpeng , Chen Ping , Li Cheng , Guo Xianni , Yang Zhengjun , Zhang Feng
Published: July 2024

Aims

The metabolic variations between the cartilage of osteoarthritis (OA) and Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) remain largely unknown. Our study aimed to address this by conducting a comparative analysis of the metabolic profiles present in the cartilage of KBD and OA.

Methods

Cartilage samples from patients with KBD (n = 10) and patients with OA (n = 10) were collected during total knee arthroplasty surgery. An untargeted metabolomics approach using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was conducted to investigate the metabolomics profiles of KBD and OA. LC-MS raw data files were converted into mzXML format and then processed by the XCMS, CAMERA, and metaX toolbox implemented with R software. The online Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database was used to annotate the metabolites by matching the exact molecular mass data of samples with those from the database.

Results

A total of 807 ion features were identified for KBD and OA, including 577 positive (240 for upregulated and 337 for downregulated) and 230 negative (107 for upregulated and 123 for downregulated) ions. After annotation, LC-MS identified significant expressions of ten upregulated and eight downregulated second-level metabolites, and 183 upregulated and 162 downregulated first-level metabolites between KBD and OA. We identified differentially expressed second-level metabolites that are highly associated with cartilage damage, including dimethyl sulfoxide, uric acid, and betaine. These metabolites exist in sulphur metabolism, purine metabolism, and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism.

Conclusion

This comprehensive comparative analysis of metabolism in OA and KBD cartilage provides new evidence of differences in the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying cartilage damage in these two conditions.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(7):362–371.
KWH Cost Analysis of Energy Storage Power Station Based on Changing Trend of Battery Cost
Authors: Huang Jie , Nie Rong , Zhao Zhenyu , Wang Yan
Published: July 2024

Energy storage plays a vital role in enhancing the resilience of the power grid. Utilizing typical capacity and power energy storage application scenarios, coupled with industry research data and technical analysis of energy storage, this study calculates the cost of energy storage per kilowatt-hour and the associated mileage cost. The findings indicate that the current cost per kilowatt-hour of electrochemical energy storage ranges from approximately 0.6 to 0.9 yuan/(kW⋅h), revealing a considerable gap between the target cost for widespread application and the range of 0.3 to 0.4 yuan/(kW⋅h). Therefore, the development of energy storage technologies (EST) should prioritize achieving “low cost, long life, high safety, and easy recycling,” taking into account a comprehensive assessment of system manufacturing, system lifespan, system safety, and recycling. This paper delves into the changing trend of battery costs and their impact on kilowatt-hours, presenting strategic suggestions to reduce the kilowatt-hour cost of ESP stations. The research underscores that a continuous reduction in battery costs will contribute to enhancing the economic benefits of ESP stations and provide robust support for the future development of the energy storage industry.
Research on Electricity Balance and Measurement Optimization of New Energy Power System Considering Renewable Energy Consumption Mechanism
Authors: Guo Zhihao , Cai Yongzhi , Huang Sheng , Jiang Zeming , Guan KeFei
Published: July 2024

With the rapid development of renewable energy, the new energy power system is facing the challenge of large-scale grid connection and consumption of renewable energy. In order to achieve efficient utilization and stable power supply of renewable energy, this study proposes a renewable energy consumption mechanism based on optimization methods. By establishing a power and electricity balance model, consider the relationship between different types of renewable energy generation and electricity demand. Various optimization strategies have been proposed for energy consumption issues in different scenarios, including power generation scheduling, energy storage optimization, and flexible load management. Validate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism in terms of electricity balance and metering optimization through a model. The experimental results indicate that this mechanism can effectively enhance the renewable energy consumption capacity of the new energy power system, reduce energy waste, promote energy cleanliness and sustainable development, and has certain theoretical and practical significance for promoting the sustainable development of the new energy power system and responding to energy transformation.