bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pursuit of national interests through neutralism : case of India
Authors:   , Bhattacharya Sauri P.
Published: June 2024

"The study is made up of several chapters. In Chapter I an attempt has been made to discuss the concept of neutralism as regards what it is not and what it is. The most important point that has been made in this chapter appears to be this: Neutralism is only an aspect of India's foreign policy, that it does not seem to be inherent in every aspect of it, that it was part of India's stances in regard to global problems affecting the Super Powers; also that it is a means or a technique of securing national interests, and that it is not primarily a goal of foreign policy and is not to be confused as a goal of foreign policy. There is a discussion of the philosophic bases of neutralism to emphasize that there is nothing casual about it. Yet the philosophic bases have been shown to be overwhelmed by the concrete situations of contemporary world which had an important role in settling the minds of Indian decisionmakers in favor of national interests. It has been shown also that nonalignment/neutralism is an evolutionary concept--from certain initial general negative propositions like anti-colonialism, anti-racialism (that did not necessarily include anti-alliance postures), it came to have more positive characteristics, including willingness to solve international disputes and to extend the idea of peace area, through, among others, Panch Sheel of Peaceful Coexistence; and finally, in the aftermath of Chinese invasion of India, it became almost synonymous with bialignment, or equidistance. Neutralism is also discussed in terms of its relations with powerpolitics and the point is made that while it appears to reject the assumptions of powerpolitics of the Super Powers, it is not entirely against the idea of Balance of Power: and that in fact it is a variant or substitute of balance of power although not quite balance of power itself."--Preface.
The ethology of the Arizona Chuckwalla (Sauromalus obesus tumidus)
Authors:   , Prieto Andrew Anthony
Published: June 2024

"The study of animal behavior has erroneously been described as the newest branch of the zoological sciences. In reality the study of behavior began with man's initial observations of the animals around him since his survival depended upon his knowledge of these animals and their behavior. With the development of agriculture man's dependence on wild animals decreased. A secondary interest in the behavior of animals developed much later and may be related to man's basic curiosity. Today, animal behavior is considered as both a basic science and a practical science. Some of the earliest written accounts of animal behavior were those of Aristotle. In his morphological descriptions of animals, Aristotle often included observations on their behavior; however, a true behavioral science did not emerge until late in the 1800's."--Introduction.
Analisis Rantai Pasok Ternak Sapi Potong di Kecamatan Miomaffo Barat, Kabuapten Timor Tengah Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Tahuk Paulus Klau , Berek Dominggus , Sikone Hilarius Y.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine product flow, financial flow, and information flow in the supply chain of beef cattle in West Miomaffo District. This research was conducted in West Miomaffo District in August 2020. This location was determined purposively (intentionally) based on the consideration that West Miomaffo District is one of the 10th (ten) largest beef cattle production centers or 4.04% of the total livestock population beef cattle and has a livestock traffic monitoring post facility with the duties and functions of monitoring the buying and selling activity of cattle crossing land from the TTU area. The type of data that is often used in this research is quantitative data in the form of numerical data, the value of which can change or be varied. In this study the method used was: survey data collection which was carried out by interviewing respondents using a questionnaire so that between researchers and respondents could communicate directly. Data analysis was carried out descriptively which refers to the supply chain of beef cattle. Based on the results of this study it was concluded that there were 40 livestock farmers consisting of 10 collectors, 2 inter-island traders, in West Miomaffo sub-district. The supply chain has a product flow of 2 channel networks, namely: Farmers, breeders, traders, collectors, inter-island traders. Farmers breeders-collectors-traders slaughter livestock. And there are 2 channel networks in the financial flow, namely: Livestock slaughter traders-collecting traders-breeding farmers. Inter-island traders-livestock traders-breeders. As well as the flow of information that moves from two directions from producers to consumers and consumers to producers.
Physical Quality of Broiler Chicken Meat Added with Banana Weevil Enriched ?-glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Feed
Authors: Imam Shokhirul , Suryadi Ujang , Hanafi Muhammad Ilham
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of adding banana weevil flour enriched with ?-glucan fiber from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to feed on the physical quality of broiler meat. The research method used a completely randomized design and analysis of variance, this study used 200 DOC consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. Each replication contains 10 chickens. The level of ?-glucan administration from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with banana weevil flour was P0 (control); P1 (25 ppm); P2 (50 ppm); P3 (75 ppm); and P4 (100 ppm). The treatment started from 16 to 37 days old. Physical quality test was carried out with thigh meat samples. Physical quality test data were analyzed by analysis of variance and if there was a significantly different (P<0.05), it was further tested with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results of the physical quality test on broiler chicken meat showed that the addition of banana weevil flour enriched with ?-glucan fiber from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the feed on the physical quality of broiler meat was not significantly different (P?0.05) on the pH value, water holding capacity, reduced cooking and tenderness. The results of the study concluded that the addition of banana weevil flour enriched with ?-glucan fiber from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in feed on the physical quality of broiler meat did not affect the physical quality of broiler meat.
Development of Robotic Vehicle with GPS System for Landmine Detection
Authors: Kanishka Dhar  , Irfan Ahmad Najar  , J Jeffrey Amala Michael  , Chirag M  , Dr. Prapul Chandra AC  , Dr. Mahantesh M Math
Published: June 2024

This paper deals with developing robotic vehicles for landmine detection is a significant technological advancement aimed at addressing the global issue of landmines, which pose severe risks to civilian populations in post-conflict areas. One of the primary advantages is the reduction of risk to human deminers. Robots can operate in hazardous areas without risking human lives, thereby reducing casualties and injuries. They can navigate obstacles and adapt to different environmental conditions, enhancing their usability in diverse scenarios. Integration of sensors and GPS technology has increased the usage adaptability of the vehicle. The removal of landmines fosters a sense of security and stability, contributing to long-term peace in war-torn regions. The results emphasize that the adaptability of robotic vehicles along with GPS technology is socially and technologically more viable for landmine detection.
Mathuiz-B Android-Based Application Program to Overcome Dissimilarity in Mathematics Fields of Sabilurrosyad Islamic Junior High School Students
Authors: Pusawidjayanti Kridha
Published: June 2024

Sabilurrosyad Islamic Middle School is a junior high school in the village of Karangbesuki. The geography school is located on the edge of Malang City and far away from the center of Malang City. Students entering junior high school are big children from local public elementary school graduates. Sabilurrosyad Islamic Middle School is the school that found its students with diverse ability different academics. _ Problems faced _ partner is different competence academic field mathematics in students new Sabilurrosyad Islamic Middle School. Based on the results analysis situation and SWOT analysis, the team devoted the public to the solution by creating and giving application edugames (MATHUIZ-B) that can used by schools. For participants assigned to educate new order capabilities, cognitive students can be uniform with standard junior high school level. The method of this community activity begins with preparation, making the Mathuiz-B application, outreach to teachers and principals of Sabilurrosyad Middle School, and Submission of the application so that service partners can use it. On activities devotion public, team devotion will provide an application manual book and a book regarding successful strategies for learning mathematics for entering junior high school.
ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ТОРГІВЕЛЬНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА З УРАХУВАННЯМ СЕЗОННОСТІ ПРОДАЖІВ
Authors: САВРАНСЬКА Алла , ШЕВЧУК Марк
Published: June 2024

Прогноз обсягу продажу та інших економічних показників є важливими складовими під час планування діяльності торгових організацій. Він будується на кількох факторах: історичні дані, галузеві та ринкові тенденції, поточний стан воронки продажів. Точність прогнозу залежить від двох найважливіших елементів: збору достовірних вхідних даних та отримання правильних висновків. Переоцінивши динаміку зростання, компанія може даремно інвестувати кошти у збільшення запасів чи чисельності команди. Недооцінка обсягу продажу може призвести до появи дефіциту і, як наслідок, часткову втрату потенційного прибутку. При побудові прогнозу продажів має значення оцінка сезонності попиту. Облік сезонності ускладнює задачу прогнозування, збільшуючи кількість змінних, що призводить до застосування більш складних моделей у практиці управління бізнесом. Тому метою даної роботи є розробка практичного алгоритму побудови прогнозу економічних показників торговельного підприємства з яскраво вираженою сезонністю продажів, що базується на використанні різних підходів прогнозування за допомогою рядів Фур'є. У розробленому алгоритмі використовуються значення деякого економічного показника торговельного підприємства протягом кількох попередніх років. Цей період розбивається на дві частини: набір калібрувальних даних та набір перевірочних даних, який дозволить проаналізувати якість результатів побудови прогнозу. Дані з калібрувального набору апроксимуються рядами Фур'є (для кожного року окремо). Будується ряд, коефіцієнти якого є експоненціально згладженими значеннями коефіцієнтів рядів Фур'є, взятими з калібрувального набору. Далі формується прогноз для перевірочного періоду, при побудові якого коефіцієнти ряду Фур'є підбираються з урахуванням мінімізації похибки відхилень прогнозних значень економічного показника від значень з перевірочного періоду. Наукова новизна даної роботи полягає в розробці методики прогнозування економічних показників, що базується на апроксимації часових рядів рядами Фур'є за декілька попередніх років, знаходженні середнього згладженого значення коефіцієнтів рядів Фур'є та побудові ефективного прогнозу тренд-сезонної моделі показників торговельного підприємства. Створений алгоритм апробовано на реальних даних підприємства оптової торгівлі та впроваджено в практику планування закупівель. Прогноз, побудований за допомогою цього алгоритму в подальшому планується застосовувати для створення системи керування залишками підприємства з використанням дискретних систем керування зі спостерігачами вектору стану.
АНАЛІЗ ЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ ЕНЕРГОСПОЖИВАННЯ МЕТАЛУРГІЙНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ВІД МЕТЕОФАКТОРІВ
Authors: БАКУРОВА Анна , ЮСЬКІВ Олеся
Published: June 2024

Актуальною проблемою сучасного металургійного підприємства є підвищення його енергоефективності, яка пов’язана, в першу чергу з енергозбереженням. Мета даного дослідження – оцінити вплив температури навколишнього середовища та хмарності на енергоспоживання ПрАТ «Дніпроспецсталь». В якості вхідних даних представлена інформація за зимовий та літній періоди 2018–2021 рр. Вплив температури на енергоспоживання залежить не тільки від стану опалювальної системи, але й величини самої температури. Збільшення навантаження на енергосистему в серпні та грудні є наслідком температурних коливань. Облік сукупності метеорологічних факторів дозволяє істотно підвищити точність прогнозів енергоспоживання металургійних підприємств та відповідно, збільшити ефективність планування і управління режимами функціонування підприємств енергетичної галузі. Методологія. Використовуючи програмний продукт Gretl, який призначений для статистичного аналізу та економетричних оцінок був проведений багатофакторний регресійний аналіз для визначення параметрів регресії зі стохастичними змінними температурою та хмарністю. В даному пакеті були побудовані графіки та моделі залежностей енергоспоживання від температури та хмарності. В ході експериментів були визначені критерії якості моделей та здійснена оцінка придатності моделей за допомогою F-критерію Фішера. Всі побудовані моделі адекватні в цілому для кожного з 8 випадків, а деякі з них можуть бути використані для здійснення прогнозів. Наукова новизна запропонованих досліджень полягає в тому, що вперше був досліджений вплив метеофакторів на енергоспоживання металургійного підприємства за допомогою економетричного пакету Gretl. Висновки. Проведені дослідження показали, що в зимовий період року енергоспоживання значно залежить від температури (на рівні 5%) і зовсім не залежить від хмарності. Щодо літнього періоду можна стверджувати також про залежність енергоспоживання від температури, але вона є значно нижчою.
When stadium ownership meets Corporate Social Responsibility: The case of U. C. AlbinoLeffe
Authors: Canini Daniele , Mura Rita , Vicentini Francesca
Published: June 2024

This article aims to understand the importance of having a stadium owned by a football club as an added value if it is designed and managed from a socially responsible perspective in a context, that of Italian sport, which is still far from European standards in terms of infrastructure. The approach adopted focuses on the AlbinoLeffe Campus, serving as an example of how the ownership of a sports facility can shape and reflect socially responsible policies and practices adopted by a football club. The study examines the distinctive characteristics of the stadium considering the logistical, infrastructural, and environmental aspects underpinning its construction to act as a strategic lever to implement Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, a prerogative of club ownership. Some important managerial implications emerge from the analysis: 1) the need for a sustainable management approach for the stadium considering logistical, infrastructural, and environmental aspects; 2) the implementation of CSR strategies aligned with the company and the stadium's characteristics.
Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Zonasi Kawasan Wilayah Pertambangan Di Kabupaten Madiun Menggunakan Basis Data Spasial
Authors: Widiatmoko Fajar Rizki , Fanani Yazid , Pratama Donny Rusdian
Published: June 2024

Kabupaten Madiun termasuk wilayah yang memiliki potensi sumber daya alam yang melimpah salah satunya potensi pada sektor pertambangan. Potensi yang ada didominasi oleh komoditas batuan. Potensi bahan tambang batuan yaitu; trass, andesit, tanah liat dan tanah urug. Perlu dilakukannya zonasi kawasan pertambangan untuk mengoptimalkan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan potensi sumberdaya. Zonasi kawasan pertambangan mempertimbangkan berbagai parameter tata guna lahan. Metode pertampalan digunakan sebagai acuan pembobotan dan penilaian pada setiap parameter menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Zonasi dapat dikelompokan menjadi Zona dapat diberi Izin, Zona dapat diberi izin bersyarat, dan Zona tidak dapat diberi izin. Parameter penentu zonasi terdiri atas sebaran tata guna lahan berdasarkan yang sudah ada serta rencana tata ruang dan tata wilayah. Hasil identifikasi potensi sumberdaya dilakukan dengan menganalisa peta geologi dan didapat potensi sumberdaya antara lain; pasir, batupasir, andesit, trass, tanah liat dan tanah urug. Hasil zonasi kawasan pertambangan kabupaten Madiun yaitu; luasan Zona dapat diberi izin adalah 37.114,95 Ha, luasan zona dapat diberi izin bersyarat adalah 1.090,05 Ha, dan luasan Zona tidak dapat diberi izin adalah 72.310,35 Ha. Hasil zonasi kawasan pertambang di Kabupaten Madiun dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pertimbangan rencana pembukaan lahan pertambangan yang didasarkan pada data yang telah terintegrasi.
The Effect of Discontinuity on Stability of Displaced Rock Slope Case Study Andesite Quarry PT Lola Laut Timur Bogor Regency
Authors: Irwan Andesta Granitio , Koesnaryo S. , Dwinagara Barlian , Saptono Singgih
Published: June 2024

Discontinuity in a rock mass has an influence on the stability of a rock slope because it is one of the controlling  factors  of  slope  failure.  In  this  study,  an  analysis  was  carried  out  on  the  role  of
discontinuities, namely joints and  lithic  tuff  layers  on slope stability and the  effect of  persistent
parameters and joint roughness on the safety factor of safety factor. The analysis used is the effect of changes in the thickness of the lithic tuff, persistence and the value of joint roughness on the value of the safety factor. Processing of slope stability data using Rocscience RS2  Software with Finite Element Method modeling with rock mass modeling used in the analysis, namely the Veneziano Model. The results showed that an increase in the thickness of the lithic tuff layer resulted in a decrease in the safety factor of the slope up to 1.37%. The effect of the persistence parameter on the slope safety factor was found that the higher the persistence value, the lower the slope safety factor value up to 2,9% and changes in the JRC value decreased the safety factor value up to 1,7%.
Analysis of The Distribution of TSS, TDS, pH And Temperature In The River Due to People's Alluvial Gold Mining With SGEMS In Desa Sungai Kapas, Merangin, Jambi
Authors: RusnoviandI RusnoviandI , Nata Refky Adi , Rahayu Puji , Syahmer Verra
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan penambangan emas  secara tradisional dilakukan oleh masyarakat di Desa Sungai Kapas, Kabupaten Merangin, Jambi menyisakan lubang- lubang dan kolam akibat aktivitas penambangan emas. Aktivitas penambangan emas dilakukan disekitar aliran Sungai Blengo yang ada di Desa Sungai Kapas. Sisa air limbah penambangan dialirkan secara langsung ke sungai sehingga menyebabkan kekeruhan pada air Sungai Blengo. Penelitian ini dilakukan guna mengetahui kadar pencemaran yang terjadi di Sungai Blengo dengan parameter; TSS (total suspended solid), TDS (total dissolved solid), pH, dan Suhu. Metode yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa nilai TSS pada setiap sampel stasiun penelitian memiliki nilai melebihi ambang batas maksimal, nilai yang memenuhi nilai maksimal ambang batas adalah 200 mg/L pada stasiun 8 (delapan), pada stasiun lainnya nilai TSS melebihi 200 mg/L dengan nilai tertinggi sebesar 6.400 mg/L pada stasiun 7 (tujuh). Nilai pH pada staisun 3 (tiga) dan memiliki nilai 4,7 dengan demikian nilai tersebut tidak memenuhi standar sebesar 6-9. Dengan demikian dapat diketahui bahwa air Sungai Blengo tidak layak. Hal ini dikarenakan tidak memenuhinya syarat-syarat yang ada pada peraturan yang berlaku untuk penambangan serta pengolahan emas.
Penyusunan Zonasi Kawasan Pertambangan Di Kabupaten Magetan Berdasarkan Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis Dengan Metode Pertampalan
Authors: Fanani Yazid , Widiatmoko Fajar Rizki , Al Fakih Salahudin , Suryawan I Wayan Koko , Sari Mega Mutiara
Published: June 2024

Zonasi Kawasan Pertambangan di Kabupaten Magetan dilakukan dengan memberikan pembobotan dan penilaian pada parameter penentu yang dikerjakan dengan metode pertampalan dengan memanfaatkan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Sehingga hasil dari Zonasi Kawasan Pertambangan dapat dikelompokan menjadi Zona Dapat Diberi Izin Pertambangan, Zona Dapat Diberi Izin Pertambangan Bersyarat dan Zona Tidak Dapat Diberi Izin Pertambangan. Parameter penentu Zonasi Kawasan Pertambangan tersebut adalah ketinggian lahan, kerawanan bencana, air tanah, sempadan sungai, danau dan bangunan irigasi, mata air, hutan dan kawasan lindung, lahan pertanian dan kawasan budidaya, pemukiman,cagar budaya, pariwisata dan kawasan strategis kabupaten, dan kemiringan lahan. Dari hasil identifikasi potensi sumberdaya yang dilakukan dengan menganalisa peta geologi Kabupaten Magetan didapat potensi sumberdaya antara lain pasir, belerang, pasir batu, trass dan andesit,. Sedangkan untuk hasil Zonasi Kawasan Pertambangan Kabupaten Magetan yaitu Zona Dapat Diberi Izin Pertambangan seluas 9.914,507 Ha atau sekitar 14 % dalam presentase luas, Zona Dapat Diberi Izin Pertambangan Bersyarat seluas 20.748,29 Ha atau sekitar 30 % dan Zona Tidak Dapat Diberi Izin Pertambangan seluas 39.296.08 Ha atau sekitar 56 % dari keselurahan luas Kabup aten Magetan.
Navigating the Frontier: Addressing Artificial Intelligence Challenges in Tourism and Hospitality Education
Authors: Aydin Bulent , Sirkeci Ibrahim
Published: June 2024

In this article, we explore artificial intelligence (AI) integration in tourism and hospitality education, analyze its implications, and propose strategies to address challenges. While AI has revolutionized operational processes and customer experiences, its adoption in higher education presents various opportunities and hurdles. The rapid evolution of AI necessitates frequent curriculum updates and faculty development. Moreover, addressing the digital divide and ethical considerations is also crucial. The article categorizes the implications into technological advancements, educational impacts, and future trends. Strategies for addressing AI challenges include curriculum integration, experiential learning, faculty development, interdisciplinary collaboration, and ethical education. By embracing AI responsibly, educational institutions can prepare students for success in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, ensuring positive social and economic impacts.
Seutusuunnittelu ja seudullisuus pitkän aikavälin näkökulmana suomalaiseen lähiöön
Authors: Norvasuo Markku
Published: June 2024

Artikkeli tarkastelee institutionaalisen muutoksen näkökulmasta suomalaisen lähiörakentamisen yhteyksiä seutusuunnitteluun ja seudulliseen näkökulmaan. Tarkastelun runkona ovat Riitta Hurmeen ja Johanna Hankosen tutkimukset suomalaisesta lähiöstä. Heidän seutusuunnittelua koskevat huomionsa liitetään osaksi institutionaalisen muutoksen kuvausta 1940-luvulta 1960-luvun loppuun. Ajatus seudullisuudesta vaikutti alun perin niihin lähiön muotoihin, jotka omaksuttiin Suomeen. Myöhemminkin seudullinen näkökulma vaikutti lähiörakentamiseen. Nämä yhteydet voidaan hahmottaa institutionaalisesta näkökulmasta. Tällä tavalla myös lähiörakentamisen muutokset voidaan ymmärtää paremmin kuin tarkastelemalla vain lähiöyksikön rakenteellisia piirteitä.
Penerapan Model Contextual Teaching and Learning dan Ekspositori Terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa SMP
Authors: Saputri Ida Ayu , Hamid Hasan , Waliyanti Ida Kurnia
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaiman kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa setelah diterapkan model Contextual Teaching and Learning dan Ekspositori dan apakah terdapat perbedaan penerapan model Contextual Teaching and Learning dan Ekspositori terhadap kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian Quasi Exprimental Design dengan jenis desain Nonequivalent Control Grup Design dengan dua kelompok sampel. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswa kelas VIII-1 dan kelas VIII-2  dengan jumlah sampel 52 siswa, kelas VIII-1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII-2 sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen tes berupa soal uraian sebanyak 3 nomor.Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa setelah diterapkan model Contextual  Teaching and Learning terdapat 8 siswa (24,24%) yang memperoleh kategori sangat baik, terdapat 11 siswa (33,33%) yang memperoleh kategori baik, terdapat 4 siswa (15,38%) yang memperoleh kategori cukup dan terdapat 3 siswa (11,54%) yang memperoleh kategori kurang baik, sedangkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa setelah diterapkan model ekspositori terdapat 11 siswa (33,33%) yang memperoleh kategori baik, 9 siswa (34,62%) yang memperoleh kategori cukup dan 6 siswa (23,08%) yang memperoleh kategori kurang baik. Nilai rata-rata kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 5 Kota Ternate dengan model Contextual Teaching and Learning yaitu 81,50, sedangkan nilai rata-rata kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa kelas ekspositori adalah 67,38.  Hal ini berarti kemamapuan penalaran matematis siswa lebih tinggi setelah diterapkan model Contextual  Teaching and Learning dibandingkan dengan ekspositori. Hasil analisis inferensial dengan pengujian hipotesis nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,034 = 0.05. Dengan demikian terdapat perbedaan Model Contextual Teaching and Learning dan model ekspositori terhadap kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Pada Materi Aritmetika Sosial Melalui Model PjBL Di Tinjau Dari Gender
Authors: Labahu Masriyani , Nani Karman La , Jalal Ariyanti
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1).Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa pada materi Aritmetika Sosial Melalui Model PjBL ditinjau dari Gender. 2). Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah siswa pada materi aritmetika sosial  setelah di terapkannya model PjBL (Project Based Learning). 3).Perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis yang signifikan antara siswa laki-laki dan siswi perempuan setelah di terapkan model PjBL (Project Based Learning). Desain penelitian ini yaitu One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Instrument yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah indikator kemampuan pemecahan masalah menurut sumarmo yaitu 1.Mengidentifikasi unsur-unsur yang diketahui, yang ditanyakan, dan memeriksa kecukupan data untuk memecahkan masalah, menyusun model matematika 2. Memilih dan menerapkan strategi untuk menyelesaikan masalah 3. Melaksanakan perhitungan atau mengelaborasi 4. Memeriksa kembali jawaban terhadap masalah awal. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik parametrik dan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1). Terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa antara siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan Setelah di terapkan model PjBL 2).Penerapan Model Pembelajaran PjBL dapat meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Karena hasilnya sudah menunjukan 8 orang mendapatkan nilai Tinggi, 5 siswa nilai Cukup dan 3 siswa nilai rendah 3).Terdapat Perbedaan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis yang signifikan antara siswa laki-laki dan perempuan setelah di terapkan model PjBL karena siswa laki-laki mendapatkan nilai tertinggi dibadingkan siswa perempuan yaitu siswa laki-laki dengan nilai rata-rata 67,37 dengan kriteria tinggi dan siswa perempuan dengan niali rata-rata 40,12 dengan kriteria cukup
Palatability of ascidians: a meta-analysis of the predation effect on ascidians
Authors: Garcia da Silva JH , Leal LC , Dias GM
Published: June 2024

Ascidians are marine sessile animals that have evolved many strategies to reduce predation. Previous manipulative experiments with ascidian tissues or pellets have shown that they have chemical defenses that render them unpalatable. However, predation-exclusion experiments on a community scale have shown that ascidians are almost entirely eaten when exposed to predators. Based on these contrasting results, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the importance of study site, experiment design, ascidian sociability, and predator identity to the efficacy of the ascidian defense. Our study is the first quantitative review of predation on ascidians, and it emphasizes the importance of ecological interactions beyond the specific defense tactics of the organisms. We found that multiple factors can interfere with the effectiveness of the ascidian defense. Palatability studies have shown evidence for ascidian defense mechanisms; however, they depend on the identity of the predators (e.g. fish, crab, amphipod). We did not find evidence of ascidian defense in community studies. There is a lack of field experiments, mainly on solitary ascidians, that evaluate their predation risk in communities. Research on ascidian defense mechanisms is also geographically biased toward the temperate region in the Northern Hemisphere. The commonly held belief that ascidians possess active defenses may be overestimated, and the defenses that do exist are probably restricted to only a few species. This misconception has been caused mainly by methodological and geographical bias that has resulted in tests being performed only on species with previous evidence of defenses. Therefore, we need more worldwide studies focusing on the ecological relationships between ascidians and predators, specifically in natural communities under field conditions.
Identification of a Theory-Practice Gap in the Education of Biomedical Scientists
Authors: Dudley Kathryn , Matheson David
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The Biomedical Scientist (BMS) role is established in healthcare, working in laboratory environments to provide diagnostic testing and to monitor treatment effects on a patients’ health. The profession is subject to several professional standards which highlight the importance of working in the best interests of the patient and service user. However, Biomedical Scientists have little or no patient contact. This study aimed to determine how Biomedical Scientists evidence that they meet the professional standards and support the achievement of patient outcomes.

Materials and Methods

This study utilised a Delphi method to explore the opinions of professional stakeholders to determine whether there was consensus for how this professional group contributes to patient outcomes and offers evidence that they are working in the best interests of the patient. The qualitative 1st round of the study consisted of focus groups and interviews with staff and students on the BSc Biomedical Science awards, Professional, Statutory and Regulatory body (PSRB) representatives and Biomedical Scientists from the National Health Service (NHS). The first-round responses were analysed using thematic analysis which then generated attitude statements which participants scored using a 5-point Likert scale in the 2nd round. Consensus or divergence of opinion was determined based upon a 70% consensus level within each participant group and overall.

Results

Following analysis of the 2nd round data, there was divergence of opinion across all stakeholders, with consensus rates being highest in the Biomedical Scientist group (72.7% of statements reached 70% consensus), followed by the student group (54.5% of statements reached 70% consensus) and lowest in the academic group (40.9% of statements reached 70% consensus).

Discussion

This demonstrates a theory-practice gap in both the academic and student groups, suggesting that graduates are insufficiently prepared for their post-graduate role. This gap was particularly evident when discussing topics such as how Biomedical Scientists contribute to patient care, professional registration and working as part of the multi-disciplinary team (MDT). The identification of a theory-practice gap in the education of Biomedical Scientists is a novel finding, indicating that students may graduate with insufficient understanding of the Biomedical Scientist role.
Glycolysis in the tumor microenvironment: a driver of cancer progression and a promising therapeutic target
Authors: Zhao Junpeng , Jin Dandan , Huang Mengxiang , Ji Jie , Xu Xuebing , Wang Fei , Zhou Lirong , Bao Baijun , Jiang Feng , Xu Weisong , Lu Xiaomin , Xiao Mingbing
Published: June 2024

Even with sufficient oxygen, tumor cells use glycolysis to obtain the energy and macromolecules they require to multiply, once thought to be a characteristic of tumor cells known as the “Warburg effect”. In fact, throughout the process of carcinogenesis, immune cells and stromal cells, two major cellular constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TME), also undergo thorough metabolic reprogramming, which is typified by increased glycolysis. In this review, we provide a full-scale review of the glycolytic remodeling of several types of TME cells and show how these TME cells behave in the acidic milieu created by glucose shortage and lactate accumulation as a result of increased tumor glycolysis. Notably, we provide an overview of putative targets and inhibitors of glycolysis along with the viability of using glycolysis inhibitors in combination with immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Understanding the glycolytic situations in diverse cells within the tumor immunological milieu will aid in the creation of subsequent treatment plans.
Autophagy in chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps
Authors: Pei Jing , Ding Zhaoran , Jiao Cheng , Tao Ying , Yang Huifen , Li Jing
Published: June 2024

Basic research on chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has advanced significantly in the past two decades, yet a comprehensive understanding of its pathogenic mechanisms remains elusive. Concurrently, there is a growing interest among scientists in exploring the involvement of autophagy in various human diseases, including tumors and inflammatory conditions. While the role of autophagy in asthma has been extensively studied in airway inflammatory diseases, its significance in CRS with or without nasal polyps (NPs), a condition closely linked to asthma pathophysiology, has also garnered attention, albeit with conflicting findings across studies. This review delves into the role of autophagy in CRS, suggesting that modulating autophagy to regulate inflammatory responses could potentially serve as a novel therapeutic target.
Applications of Raman spectroscopy in ocular biofluid detection
Authors: Guo Zhijun , Ma Miaoli , Lu Sichao , Ma Ying , Yu Yansuo , Guo Qianjin
Published: June 2024

Ophthalmic and many systemic diseases may damage the eyes, resulting in changes in the composition and content of biomolecules in ocular biofluids such as aqueous humor and tear. Therefore, the biomolecules in biofluids are potential biomarkers to reveal pathological processes and diagnose diseases. Raman spectroscopy is a non-invasive, label-free, and cost-effective technique to provide chemical bond information of biomolecules and shows great potential in the detection of ocular biofluids. This review demonstrates the applications of Raman spectroscopy technology in detecting biochemical components in aqueous humor and tear, then summarizes the current problems encountered for clinical applications of Raman spectroscopy and looks forward to possible approaches to overcome technical bottlenecks. This work may provide a reference for wider applications of Raman spectroscopy in biofluid detection and inspire new ideas for the diagnosis of diseases using ocular biofluids.
Structure-based virtual screening methods for the identification of novel phytochemical inhibitors targeting furin protease for the management of COVID-19
Authors: Kumar Tiwari Prashant , Chouhan Mandeep , Mishra Richa , Gupta Saurabh , Chaudhary Anis Ahmad , Al-Zharani Mohammed , Ahmed Qurtam Ashraf , Nasr Fahd A. , Jha Niraj Kumar , Pant Kumud , Kumar Mukesh , Kumar Sanjay
Published: June 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, is a highly contagious respiratory disease with widespread societal impact. The symptoms range from cough, fever, and pneumonia to complications affecting various organs, including the heart, kidneys, and nervous system. Despite various ongoing efforts, no effective drug has been developed to stop the spread of the virus. Although various types of medications used to treat bacterial and viral diseases have previously been employed to treat COVID-19 patients, their side effects have also been observed. The way SARS-CoV-2 infects the human body is very specific, as its spike protein plays an important role. The S subunit of virus spike protein cleaved by human proteases, such as furin protein, is an initial and important step for its internalization into a human host. Keeping this context, we attempted to inhibit the furin using phytochemicals that could produce minimal side effects. For this, we screened 408 natural phytochemicals from various plants having antiviral properties, against furin protein, and molecular docking and dynamics simulations were performed. Based on the binding score, the top three compounds (robustaflavone, withanolide, and amentoflavone) were selected for further validation. MM/GBSA energy calculations revealed that withanolide has the lowest binding energy of −57.2 kcal/mol followed by robustaflavone and amentoflavone with a binding energy of −45.2 kcal/mol and −39.68 kcal/mol, respectively. Additionally, ADME analysis showed drug-like properties for these three lead compounds. Hence, these natural compounds robustaflavone, withanolide, and amentoflavone, may have therapeutic potential for the management of SARS-CoV-2 by targeting furin.
Systematizing destigmatization in the context of media and communication: a systematic literature review
Authors: Kunze Deborah
Published: June 2024

Destigmatization is a crucial step toward achieving societal equality. Media contribute both to the stigmatization and destigmatization of various groups. Through a systematic literature review, the present study aims to develop a comprehensive overview of destigmatization in the context of media and communication. A final sample of 79 scientific publications was analyzed and synthesized. First, a systematically derived, interdisciplinary applicable definition of destigmatization is presented. Second, an overview of factors influencing destigmatization is given, categorized into four factor groups: contact, education, language and terminology, and framing. Third, the processual character of destigmatization, referring to reflexive and rule-based processes, is discussed. This systematic literature review emphasizes the responsibility and potential positive impact of media and communication for destigmatization. The findings provide a basis for adaptation and expansion by future research focusing on various stigmatized groups and settings.
Trends in hypertension and hypertension treatment in primary care in general practices in Germany between 2013 and 2022
Authors: Kostev Karel , Krieg Sarah , Jacob Louis
Published: June 2024

Background

There is a scarcity of data on the epidemiology of hypertension and its treatment in Germany in recent years.

Objectives

The present study aimed to investigate trends in the number of adults diagnosed with hypertension and those being prescribed antihypertensive drugs each year in general practices from this country between 2013 and 2022.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used data of adults aged ≥18 years continuously collected from 336 general practices in Germany (IQVIA) during 2013–2022. The diagnosis of hypertension and the prescription of antihypertensive drugs were coded using the ICD-10 and the EphMRA classification, respectively. Covariates included the total number of patients, mean (SD) age of patients, and proportion of women per practice. Trends in hypertension diagnosis and treatment were studied using linear regression models.

Results

The mean (SD) total number of patients per practice ranged from 2,235 (1,055) in 2013–2,845 (2,090) in 2021 (p-value < 0.001). The mean (SD) age of patients per practice was between 48.4 (21.5) and 50.5 (21.4) years, while the proportion of women was 52.1%–53.9% (p-values < 0.001). After adjusting for covariates, there was a significant decrease in the number of patients diagnosed with hypertension (beta coefficient = −7.91, p-value < 0.001) and treated with any antihypertensive drug per practice per year between 2013 and 2022 (beta coefficient = −5.40, p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion

This study identified decreasing trends in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in general practices in Germany in the last decade. These data may suggest that the prevention of hypertension has improved in this country in recent years.
Impact of age-related gut microbiota dysbiosis and reduced short-chain fatty acids on the autonomic nervous system and atrial fibrillation in rats
Authors: Liu Li , Yi Yingqi , Yan Rong , Hu Rong , Sun Weihong , Zhou Wei , Zhou Haiyan , Si Xiaoyun , Ye Yun , Li Wei , Chen Jingjing
Published: June 2024

Objective

Aging is the most significant contributor to the increasing prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF). Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been implicated in age-related diseases, but its role in AF development remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the correlations between changes in the autonomic nervous system, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and alterations in gut microbiota in aged rats with AF.

Methods

Electrophysiological experiments were conducted to assess AF induction rates and heart rate variability in rats. 16S rRNA gene sequences extracted from fecal samples were used to assess the gut microbial composition. Gas and liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy was used to identify SCFAs in fecal samples.

Results

The study found that aged rats exhibited a higher incidence of AF and reduced heart rate variability compared to young rats. Omics research revealed disrupted gut microbiota in aged rats, specifically a decreased Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio. Additionally, fecal SCFA levels were significantly lower in aged rats. Importantly, correlation analysis indicated a significant association between decreased SCFAs and declining heart rate variability in aged rats.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that SCFAs, as metabolites of gut microbiota, may play a regulatory role in autonomic nervous function and potentially influence the onset and progression of AF in aged rats. These results provide novel insights into the involvement of SCFAs and autonomic nervous system function in the pathogenesis of AF. These results provide novel insights into the involvement of SCFAs and autonomic nervous system function in the pathogenesis of AF.
“Measuring bones”: A cross-disciplinary experiential learning event to increase awareness that math is everywhere
Authors: Phillips Catherine I. , Linsenbardt Kim , Zocchi Mary Q.
Published: June 2024

Community colleges serve a substantial percentage of college-age students in the United States, many of whom arrive with negative attitudes toward mathematics, despite there being many STEM-related fields available to community college graduates. The current paper summarizes the creation of a day-long activity that assists students in developing applied mathematical skills in a format that aligns with the experiential learning theory. Students at a community college in Texas are learning math by engaging with a popular topic, crime scene investigation, through an annual event, established in 2017, called NVCsi. Students interact with hands-on activities that combine forensics, mathematics, and other disciplines. The implementation of the event is described so that other colleges can develop their own experiential learning event. Planned data collection for future event cycles are described, as are limitations and constraints of the NVCsi event with a discussion of planned modifications.
Efficacy of Baduanjin for obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Hainan , Li Xue , Wei Hongnan , Shao Xinxin , Tan Zili , Lv Shaowei , Pan Lijie , Yu Ting , Ye Qiuyan , Zhang Haibo , Zhu Xiangyu
Published: June 2024

Background

According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), there is a significant public health issue regarding the increasing number of individuals affected by obesity and overweight on an annual basis. Therefore, it is imperative to urgently identify interventions that can effectively control and improve this condition. Baduanjin, as a medium-intensity exercise, appears a suitable approach for weight reduction among individuals with obesity. This paper aimed to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of Baduanjin in addressing obesity and overweight, with the ultimate goal of assisting individuals with obesity in finding an effective, safe, and engaging method for weight reduction.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive search of multiple databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, The China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), The Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), The Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and WanFang Database to identify relevant articles published from the inception of each database until September 2023. Specifically, we focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of Baduanjin on weight reduction. Data from these studies were extracted and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. In cases where there was no significant heterogeneity (I2 < 50%, p > 0.1), we employed a fixed effects model for data synthesis; otherwise, a random effects model was selected. Funnel plots were used to assess publication bias, and the mean difference (MD) was reported as an indicator of treatment group differences.

Results

A total of 420 participants were included in 10 studies. The MD results of the experimental group when compared with the control group were −3.69 (95%CI = −4.97 to −2.40, p < 0.001) for body weight (BW), −5.42 (95%CI = −6.56 to −4.28, p < 0.001) for body mass index (BMI), −1.36 (95%CI = −1.76 to −0.96, p < 0.001) for waist circumference (WC), −3.40 (95%CI = −4.43 to −2.37, p < 0.001) for hip circumference (HC), and −0.03 (95%CI = −0.04 to −0.02, p > 0.1) for the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). All of the values in the experimental group showed significant difference. The results of the Egger’s test (t = 1.43, p = 0.190) suggest that there was no substantial bias present within the data analysis process. The safety profile revealed no adverse events reported across all 10 studies.

Conclusion

Baduanjin could be effective in reducing weight, and the practice of Baduanjin has the potential to regulate BW, BMI, WC, HC, and WHR. However, further well-designed RCTs are still necessary to provide more robust evidence in the future.

Systematic review registration

http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024513789.
Current research of Assisted Reproductive Technology for women with early endometrial cancer and atypical endometrial hyperplasia after conservative treatment
Authors: Jiang Yan-le , Lin Yan-ying , Chen Chen-xi , Li Yu-xin , Xie Huang-yan , Zheng Bei-hong
Published: June 2024

As the incidence of endometrial cancer (EC) and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) has been increasing, and has shown young trend. It is crucial to study the fertility-preserving treatment of endometrial lesions and fertility-promoting protocols. Age, obesity, and irregular ovulation are not only high-risk factors for endometrial lesions but also key factors affecting female fertility. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) can significantly improve pregnancy outcomes in patients with AEH and EC after conservative treatment. Based on the existing studies, this article reviews the progress of research on pregnancy outcomes of ART and its influencing factors in such patients. It helps physicians in providing optimal fertility guidance.