bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of plasma matrix-metalloproteases (MMPs) and their polymorphisms (SNPs) in sepsis development and outcome in ICU patients
Authors: Martin Guadalupe , Asensi Víctor , Montes A. Hugo , Collazos Julio , Alvarez Victoria , Carton José A. , Taboada Francisco , Valle-Garay Eulalia
Published: May 2014

Matrix-metalloproteases (MMPs) and their tissue-inhibitors (TIMPs), modulated by different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), are critical in sepsis development. Ninety ICU severely septic and 91 ICU uninfected patients were prospectively studied.MMP-1 (−1607 1G/2G),MMP-3 (−1612 5A/6A),MMP-8 (−799 C/T),MMP-9 (−1562 C/T)andMMP-13 (−77A/G) SNPs were genotyped. Plasma MMPs (-1, -2, -3, -8, -9, -10, -13) and TIMPs (-1,-2,-4) were measured.AAhomozygotes andAallele carriers ofMMP-13(−77 A/G) and1G2Gcarriers of theMMP-1 (−1607 1G/2G)SNPs frequencies were different between septic and uninfected patients (p < 0.05), as well as plasma MMP-3, -8, -9 -10 and TIMP-2 levels (p < 0.04). No differences in MMPs levels amongMMP-13orMMP-1SNPs genotypes carriers were observed. The area under the ROC curve for MMP-8 in the diagnosis of sepsis was 0.87 (95% CI 0.82–0.92) and that of CRP was 0.98 (0.94–0.998), whereas the area of MMP-9 in the detection of non-septic state was 0.73 (0.65–0.80), p < 0.0001 for all curves. Sepsis associated with increased MMP-8 and decreased MMP-9 levels in multivariate analysis (p < 0.0002). We report for the first time an association betweenMMP-13andMMP-1SNPs and sepsis. An independent association of MMP-8 and MMP-9 levels with sepsis was also observed.
A family of enantiopure FeIII4 single molecule magnets: fine tuning of energy barrier by remote substituent
Authors: Zhu Yuan-Yuan , Cui Chang , Qian Kang , Yin Ji , Wang Bing-Wu , Wang Zhe-Ming , Gao Song
Published: May 2014

We report a new family of enantiopure star-shaped FeIII4 single-molecule magnets (SMMs). Interestingly, the SMM properties of this series of clusters can be finely tuned by the remote substituent of the ligands.
FTIR spectroscopy reveals lipid droplets in drug resistant laryngeal carcinoma cells through detection of increased ester vibrational bands intensity
Authors: Rak Sanjica , De Zan Tihana , Stefulj Jasminka , Kosović Marin , Gamulin Ozren , Osmak Maja
Published: May 2014

Specific differences in FTIR spectra of HEp-2 cells and their multidrug resistant 7T subline were observed and the increased cholesteryl ester content and enhanced lipid droplet formation in 7T cells were verified.
Spatial organization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms probed by combined matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry and confocal Raman microscopy
Authors: Masyuko Rachel N. , Lanni Eric J. , Driscoll Callan M. , Shrout Joshua D. , Sweedler Jonathan V. , Bohn Paul W.
Published: May 2014

The chemical composition of bacterial biofilms is explored and visualized with the combination of two label-free molecular imaging techniques.
Synthesis of water-soluble Ag2Se QDs as a novel resonance Rayleigh scattering sensor for highly sensitive and selective ConA detection
Authors: Yan Shuguang , Zhang Lichun , Tang Yurong , Lv Yi
Published: May 2014

Schematic illustration for fabricating TGA and glycine modified Ag2Se QDs for RRS detection of ConA.
Quantitative determination of protein molecular weight with an acoustic sensor; significance of specific versus non-specific binding
Authors: Mitsakakis Konstantinos , Tsortos Achilleas , Gizeli Electra
Published: May 2014

A multi-analyte acoustic biosensor determines the molecular weight of proteinsviathe phase change of the acoustic signal.
An analytical method for quantifying petroleum hydrocarbon fractions in soils, and its associated uncertainties
Authors: Jiménez Oscar Pindado , Pérez Pastor Rosa M. , Segovia Olga Escolano
Published: May 2014

This paper proposes a method for measuring total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and other hydrocarbon fractions in soils, and discusses its uncertainties.
Extraction induced by emulsion breaking for trace multi-element determination in edible vegetable oils by ICP-MS
Authors: He Yang-Ming , Chen Jing-Jing , Zhou Ying , Wang Xiao-Jun , Liu Xiao-Yi
Published: May 2014

A new extraction method was performed for the simultaneous determination of eight metals in edible vegetable oils by ICP-MS.
Laser ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the direct analysis of emulsions
Authors: Ishigami Hidaka , Tsuda Yukihiro , Uchimura Tomohiro
Published: May 2014

A direct method for the monitoring of emulsions was developed using laser ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
Direct analysis of drugs in forensic applications using laser ablation electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LAESI-MS/MS)
Authors: Deimler Robert E. , Razunguzwa Trust T. , Reschke Brent R. , Walsh Callee M. , Powell Matthew J. , Jackson Glen P.
Published: May 2014

Laser ablation electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LAESI-MS/MS) was applied to the analysis of scheduled drugs in a variety of forensically relevant media including solutions, hair and botanic matter.
A tumour mRNA-triggered nanocarrier for multimodal cancer cell imaging and therapy
Authors: Li Na , Yang Huijun , Pan Wei , Diao Wei , Tang Bo
Published: May 2014

A tumor mRNA-triggered nanocarrier was established for multimodal cancer cell imaging and therapy based on the gold nanoparticles functionalized with molecular beacons.
An AIE-active luminophore with tunable and remarkable fluorescence switching based on the piezo and protonation–deprotonation control
Authors: Ma Chunping , Xu Bingjia , Xie Gaoyi , He Jiajun , Zhou Xie , Peng Bangyin , Jiang Long , Xu Bin , Tian Wenjing , Chi Zhenguo , Liu Siwei , Zhang Yi , Xu Jiarui
Published: May 2014

An AIE-active luminophore with tunable and remarkable fluorescence switching based on the piezo and protonation–deprotonation control was prepared and investigated.
Rhodium-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective oxyamination of dienes via tandem aziridination/ring-opening of dienyl carbamates
Authors: Guasch Joan , Díaz Yolanda , Matheu M. Isabel , Castillón Sergio
Published: May 2014

The dual role of a Rh(ii) catalyst both as a nitrene transfer agent and as a Lewis acid in the aziridine ring opening allows the regio- and stereoselective oxyamination of dienyl carbamates.
Mitochondria-targeted colorimetric and fluorescent probes for hypochlorite and their applications for in vivo imaging
Authors: Hou Ji-Ting , Wu Ming-Yu , Li Kun , Yang Jin , Yu Kang-Kang , Xie Yong-Mei , Yu Xiao-Qi
Published: May 2014

Two probes that exhibited high sensitivity and excellent selectivity toward ClO−among ROS with a rapid response time were presented, which could selectively detect ClO−in the mitochondria of the cells.
Designed cell penetrating peptide dendrimers efficiently internalize cargo into cells
Authors: Eggimann Gabriela A. , Blattes Emilyne , Buschor Stefanie , Biswas Rasomoy , Kammer Stephan M. , Darbre Tamis , Reymond Jean-Louis
Published: May 2014

Redesigning linear cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) into a multi-branched topology with short dipeptide branches gave cell penetrating peptide dendrimers (CPPDs) with higher cell penetration, lower toxicity and hemolysis and higher serum stability than linear CPPs.
Microwave-assisted preparation of nucleoside-phosphoramidites
Authors: Meher G. , Efthymiou T. , Stoop M. , Krishnamurthy R.
Published: May 2014

Microwave-assisted phosphitylation of nucleosides is an efficient method for the preparation of phosphoramidites.
Formation of a non-porous cobalt-phosphonate framework by small pH change in the preparation of the microporous STA-16(Co)
Authors: Patzschke Christin , Forsyth Craig M. , Batten Stuart R. , Chaffee Alan L.
Published: May 2014

The initial pH of the suspension was found to determine whether the porous STA-16(Co) phase or a non-porous Co(ii)-phosphonate pillared layer structure was formed.
35Cl solid-state NMR of HCl salts of active pharmaceutical ingredients: structural prediction, spectral fingerprinting and polymorph recognition
Authors: Hildebrand Marcel , Hamaed Hiyam , Namespetra Andrew M. , Donohue John M. , Fu Riqiang , Hung Ivan , Gan Zhehong , Schurko Robert W.
Published: May 2014

A series of HCl salts of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have been characterizedvia35Cl solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy and first-principles plane-wave DFT calculations of35Cl NMR interaction tensors.
Polymorphism of felodipine co-crystals with 4,4′-bipyridine
Authors: Surov Artem O. , Solanko Katarzyna A. , Bond Andrew D. , Bauer-Brandl Annette , Perlovich German L.
Published: May 2014

The calcium-channel blocking agent felodipine forms co-crystals with 4,4′-bipyridine with 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 molar ratios. The co-crystal with 1 : 1 molar ratio exists in two polymorphic forms. The co-crystals polymorphism was investigated by X-ray diffraction, DSC, solution calorimetry and Hirshfeld surfaces analysis.
Intramolecular pnicogen interactions in phosphorus and arsenic analogues of proton sponges
Authors: Sánchez-Sanz Goar , Trujillo Cristina , Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José
Published: May 2014

A computational study of the intramolecular pnicogen bond in 1,8-bis-substituted naphthalene derivatives (ZXH and ZX2with Z = P, As and X = H, F, Cl, and Br), structurally related to proton sponges, has been carried out.
Active edge sites in MoSe2and WSe2catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction: a density functional study
Authors: Tsai Charlie , Chan Karen , Abild-Pedersen Frank , Nørskov Jens K.
Published: May 2014

Density functional theory is used to derive atomic scale insights into MoSe2and WSe2catalysts under electrochemical reaction conditions.
Electron transfers in a TiO2-containing MOR zeolite: synthesis of the nanoassemblies and application using a probe chromophore molecule
Authors: Legrand A. , Moissette A. , Hureau M. , Casale S. , Massiani P. , Vezin H. , Mamede A. S. , Batonneau-Gener I.
Published: May 2014

Ionization of a guest molecule occluded in a TiO2-containing zeolite and electron transfers to the conduction band of the conductive material placed nearby.
Structural order in ultrathin films of the monolayer protected clusters based upon 4 nm gold nanocrystals: an experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Bhattarai Nabraj , Khanal Subarna , Bahena Daniel , Olmos-Asar Jimena A. , Ponce Arturo , Whetten Robert L. , Mariscal Marcelo M. , Jose-Yacaman Miguel
Published: May 2014

The structural order in ultrathin films of monolayer protected clusters (MPCs) is important in a number of application areas but can be difficult to demonstrate by conventional methods, particularly when the metallic core dimension, d, is in the intermediate size-range, 1.5 < d < 5.0 nm.
The role of aromaticity in determining the molecular structure and reactivity of (endohedral metallo)fullerenes
Authors: Garcia-Borràs Marc , Osuna Sílvia , Luis Josep M. , Swart Marcel , Solà Miquel
Published: May 2014

The molecular structure and chemical reactivity of endohedral metallofullerenes can be greatly predicted and rationalized by their local and global aromaticity.
Rhodium diphosphine complexes: a case study for catalyst activation and deactivation
Authors: Meißner Antje , Alberico Elisabetta , Drexler Hans-Joachim , Baumann Wolfgang , Heller Detlef
Published: May 2014

The present work provides an overview of possible activation and deactivation phenomena in homogeneous catalytic processes promoted by different types of rhodium complexes containing diphosphine ligands.
Unveiling the mechanism of selective gate-driven diffusion of CO2 over N2 in MFU-4 metal–organic framework
Authors: Sastre German , van den Bergh Johan , Kapteijn Freek , Denysenko Dmytro , Volkmer Dirk
Published: May 2014

Schematic view of the pore system of MFU-4. Two small pores, formed by chlorine ligands in cubic shape, are highlighted. Left: CO2 molecule in a small pore. Right: N2 molecule in a small pore.
Highly fluorescent complexes with 3-isocyanoperylene and N-(2,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-9-isocyano-perylene-3,4-dicarboximide
Authors: Lentijo S. , Expósito J. E. , Aullón G. , Miguel J. A. , Espinet P.
Published: May 2014

Perylenyl isocyanide metal complexes exhibit a high perylene based fluorescence modified by weak electronic interaction of the metal and the perylene orbitals.
Bio-sorbable, liquid electrolyte gated thin-film transistor based on a solution-processed zinc oxide layer
Authors: Singh Mandeep , Palazzo Gerardo , Romanazzi Giuseppe , Suranna Gian Paolo , Ditaranto Nicoletta , Di Franco Cinzia , Santacroce Maria Vittoria , Mulla Mohammad Yusuf , Magliulo Maria , Manoli Kyriaki , Torsi Luisa
Published: May 2014

Among the metal oxide semiconductors, ZnO has been widely investigated as a channel material in thin-film transistors (TFTs) due to its excellent electrical properties, optical transparency and simple fabrication via solution-processed techniques. Herein, we report a solution-processable ZnO-based thin-film transistor gated through a liquid electrolyte with an ionic strength comparable to that of a physiological fluid. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the ZnO films upon exposure to water and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) are discussed in terms of the operation stability and electrical performance of the ZnO TFT devices. The improved device characteristics upon exposure to PBS are associated with the enhancement of the oxygen vacancies in the ZnO lattice due to Na+ doping. Moreover, the dissolution kinetics of the ZnO thin film in a liquid electrolyte opens the possible applicability of these devices as an active element in “transient” implantable systems.
Improved electrochemical detection of a transthyretin synthetic peptide in the nanomolar range with a two-electrode system integrated in a glass/PDMS microchip
Authors: Faure Mathilde , Pallandre Antoine , Chebil Syrine , Le Potier Isabelle , Taverna Myriam , Tribollet Bernard , Deslouis Claude , Haghiri-Gosnet Anne-Marie , Gamby Jean
Published: May 2014

Differential pulse voltammetry with a 2-microelectrode set-up in microchip was adapted for quantifying peptide (CBI-PN) involved in the diagnosis of familial transthyretin amyloidosis detected at 0.4 V while the Fe(iii)/Fe(ii) redox couple appears at 0 V.
GC-MS based metabolomics identification of possible novel biomarkers for schizophrenia in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Liu Mei-Ling , Zheng Peng , Liu Zhao , Xu Yi , Mu Jun , Guo Jing , Huang Ting , Meng Hua-Qing , Xie Peng
Published: May 2014

A GC-MS based metabolomic approach was applied to characterize the metabolic profiling of schizophrenia subjects (n= 69) and healthy controls (n= 85) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to identify and validate biomarkers for schizophrenia.
A deep-purple-grey thiophene–benzothiadiazole–thiophene BODIPY dye for solution-processed solar cells
Authors: Mirloup Antoine , Leclerc Nicolas , Rihn Sandra , Bura Thomas , Bechara Rony , Hébraud Anne , Lévêque Patrick , Heiser Thomas , Ziessel Raymond
Published: May 2014

Original flat thiophene–benzothiadiazole–thiophene BODIPY dyes have been engineered without unsaturated linkers for solution processed solar cells.
Structural characterisation of a layered double hydroxide nanosheet
Authors: Funnell Nicholas P. , Wang Qiang , Connor Leigh , Tucker Matthew G. , O'Hare Dermot , Goodwin Andrew L.
Published: May 2014

The X-ray total scattering pattern of an exfoliated LDH nanosheet is modelled using a modified reverse Monte Carlo approach.
Clarifying stability, probability and population in nanoparticle ensembles
Authors: Barnard Amanda S.
Published: May 2014

Observations of non-equilibrium morphologies in nanoparticle samples can be explained by treating the system as a statistical ensemble.
Galactosylated reduction and pH dual-responsive triblock terpolymer Gal-PEEP-a-PCL-ss-PDMAEMA: a multifunctional carrier for the targeted and simultaneous delivery of doxorubicin and DNA
Authors: Zhang Yang , He Jinlin , Cao Dongling , Zhang Mingzu , Ni Peihong
Published: May 2014

A multifunctional bioreducible system based on galactosamine-modified PEEP-a-PCL-ss-PDMAEMA has been prepared and used for the targeted co-delivery of doxorubicin and DNA.
Target-responsive dumbbell probe-mediated rolling circle amplification strategy for highly sensitive Hg2+ detection
Authors: Xue Qingwang , Lv Yanqin , Zhang Yuanfu , Xu Shuling , Yue Qiaoli , Li Rui , Wang Lei , Li Haibo , Gu Xiaohong , Zhang Shuqiu , Liu Jifeng
Published: May 2014

A novel label-free amplified fluorescent sensing scheme based on target-responsive dumbbell probe-mediated rolling circle amplification (D-RCA) has been developed for sensitive and selective detection of mercuric ions.
Size dependence of the polarization and dielectric properties of KNbO3 nanoparticles
Authors: Ge Haiyan , Huang Yuanye , Hou Yudong , Xiao Han , Zhu Mankang
Published: May 2014

The spontaneous polarization and dielectric constant of nanocrystalline KNbO3 were strongly influenced by the particle size, and reached at the highest value at 100 nm. The present work is useful to study other ferroelectric nanoscale materials.
Graphene nucleation on a surface-molten copper catalyst: quantum chemical molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Li Hai-Bei , Page Alister J. , Hettich Christian , Aradi Bálint , Köhler Christof , Frauenheim Thomas , Irle Stephan , Morokuma Keiji
Published: May 2014

Molecular simulations reveal how graphene grows on copper surfaces, and that defects in the graphene structure are continually removed by mobile copper atoms in the surface layer of the catalyst.
Investigation on photo-induced charge separation in CdS/CdTe nanopencils
Authors: Sakamoto Masanori , Inoue Koki , Saruyama Masaki , So Yeong-Gi , Kimoto Koji , Okano Makoto , Kanemitsu Yoshihiko , Teranishi Toshiharu
Published: May 2014

CdS/CdTe nanopencils were synthesized via anion exchange and the effect of the geometry on the carrier dynamics was investigated.
Pinning and wicking in regular pillar arrays
Authors: Semprebon Ciro , Forsberg Pontus , Priest Craig , Brinkmann Martin
Published: May 2014

Pinning and wicking of a liquid meniscus in a square array of pillars is investigated in numerical energy minimizations and compared to wetting experiments.
Effect of local chain deformability on the temperature-induced morphological transitions of polystyrene-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) micelles in aqueous solution
Authors: Ke Xi-Xian , Wang Lian , Xu Jun-Ting , Du Bin-Yang , Tu Ying-Feng , Fan Zhi-Qiang
Published: May 2014

Local chain deformability is introduced to interpret abnormal temperature-induced morphological transitions of block copolymer micelles.
Design of nitrogen doped graphene grafted TiO2 hollow nanostructures with enhanced sodium storage performance
Authors: Qin Guohui , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Wang Chengyang
Published: May 2014

N-doped graphene grafted hollow TiO2 nanostructures were fabricated and evaluated as a promising candidate for sodium storage.
In vitro antibacterial capacity and cytocompatibility of SiO2–CaO–P2O5 meso-macroporous glass scaffolds enriched with ZnO
Authors: Sánchez-Salcedo Sandra , Shruti Shruti , Salinas Antonio J. , Malavasi Gianluca , Menabue Ledi , Vallet-Regí Maria
Published: May 2014

The biocompatibility and the antibacterial capability of meso-macroporous bioactive glass scaffolds in the SiO2–CaO–P2O5–ZnO system were investigated. Zn2+ ions release greatly influenced the osteoblast cell development and provides antibacterial capability against S. aureus.
Donor and acceptor impurity-driven switching of magnetic ordering in MnSb2−xSnxSe4
Authors: Djieutedjeu Honore , Zhou Xiaoyuan , Chi Hang , Haldolaarachchige Neel , Ranmohotti Kulugammana G. S. , Uher Ctirad , Young David , Poudeu Pierre F. P.
Published: May 2014

Sb3+to Sn2+substitution generates acceptors and donors in the MnSb2Se4matrix leading to localized hydrogenic electrons, which couple with Mn2+ions to induce ferromagnetism in samples with optimum Sn content.
Identification and characterization of a mirror-image oligonucleotide that binds and neutralizes sphingosine 1-phosphate, a central mediator of angiogenesis
Authors: Purschke Werner G. , Hoehlig Kai , Buchner Klaus , Zboralski Dirk , Schwoebel Frank , Vater Axel , Klussmann Sven
Published: May 2014

The sphingolipid S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) is known to be involved in a number of pathophysiological conditions such as cancer, autoimmune diseases and fibrosis. It acts extracellularly through a set of five G-protein-coupled receptors, but its intracellular actions are also well documented. Employing in vitro selection techniques, we identified an L-aptamer (Spiegelmer®) to S1P designated NOX-S93. The binding affinity of NOX-S93 to S1P had a Kd value of 4.3 nM. The Spiegelmer® shows equal binding to dihydro-S1P, but no cross-reactivity to the related lipids sphingosine, lysophosphatidic acid, ceramide, ceramide-1-phosphate or sphingosine phosphocholine. In stably transfected CHO (Chinese-hamster ovary) cell lines expressing the S1P receptors S1PR1 or S1PR3, NOX-S93 inhibits S1P-mediated β-arrestin recruitment and intracellular calcium release respectively, with IC50 values in the low nanomolar range. The pro-angiogenic activity of S1P, and of the growth factors VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor-A), FGF-2 (fibroblast growth factor-2) and IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1), was effectively blocked by NOX-S93 in a cellular angiogenesis assay employing primary human endothelial cells. These data provide further evidence for the relevance of extracellular S1P as a central mediator of angiogenesis, suggesting pharmacological S1P neutralization as a promising treatment alternative to current anti-angiogenesis approaches.
Autofocus algorithm for SAR imagery based on sharpness optimisation
Authors: Gao Yang , Yu Weidong , Liu Yabo , Wang Robert
Published: May 2014

To focus synthetic aperture radar data suffering from phase errors, a novel autofocus algorithm is presented. The algorithm uses the coordinate descent technique to estimate the phase errors for maximum sharpness autofocus, where analytical‐form expressions are easy to find for the optimal estimates on a per‐parameter basis. Experimental results show the validity of the proposed algorithm.
Modified Sierpinski square fractal antenna covering ultra‐wide band application with band notch characteristics
Authors: Choukiker Yogesh Kumar , Behera Santanu Kumar
Published: May 2014

A microstrip line feed modified Sierpinski square fractal antenna for ultra‐wide band (UWB) with band notch characteristics is presented. UWB operation (3.1–10.6 GHz) is achieved by increasing the numbers of iteration and rectangular grooved ground plane. The band rejection characteristic is realised by a ∩ ‐slot in the feed line. The proposed antenna has a volume 34 × 34 × 1.6 mm3 with a square shape structure and shows omnidirectional radiation patterns. The measurement results indicate that the antenna offers UWB operation and a notch at 5.5 GHz (5–6 GHz) for a reflection coefficient below −10 dB which covers the wireless local area network band. Acceptable agreement is obtained between the simulated and measured antenna performance parameters. These characteristics demonstrate that the proposed antenna is an attractive candidate for UWB applications.
Two Stage Enucleation and Deflation of a Large Unicystic Ameloblastoma with Mural Invasion in Mandible
Authors: Sasaki Ryo , Watanabe Yorikatsu , Ando Tomohiro , Akizuki Tanetaka
Published: May 2014

A treatment for strategy of unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) should be decided by its pathology type including luminal or mural type. Luminal type of UA can be treated only by enucleation alone, but UA with mural invasion should be treated aggressively like conventional ameloblastomas. However, it is difficult to diagnose the subtype of UA by an initial biopsy. There is a possibility that the lesion is an ordinary cyst or keratocystic odontogenic tumor, leading to a possible overtreatment. Therefore, this study performed the enucleation of the cyst wall and deflation at first, and the pathological finding confirmed mural invasion into the cystic wall, leading to the second surgery. The second surgery enucleated scar tissue, bone curettage, and deflation, and was able to contribute to the reduction of the recurrence rate by removing tumor nest in scar tissue or new bone, enhancing new bone formation, and shrinking the mandibular expanding by fenestration. In this study, a large UA with mural invasion including condyle was treated by “two-stage enucleation and deflation” in a 20-year-old patient.
„Du bist mein Aufbaustudium!“
Authors: Bosch-Wehmeyer Annika
Published: May 2014

Bei der Partnersuche jagen Mediziner gerne im eigenen Revier. Lohnt es sich, das Beuteschema breiter zu fassen? Fünf Medizinstudentinnen berichten über die Vorzüge der interdisziplinären Liebe.
Fluctuating micro-heterogeneity in water–tert-butyl alcohol mixtures and lambda-type divergence of the mean cluster size with phase transition-like multiple anomalies
Authors: Banerjee Saikat , Furtado Jonathan , Bagchi Biman
Published: May 2014

Water–tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) binary mixture exhibits a large number of thermodynamic and dynamic anomalies. These anomalies are observed at surprisingly low TBA mole fraction, with xTBA ≈ 0.03–0.07. We demonstrate here that the origin of the anomalies lies in the local structural changes that occur due to self-aggregation of TBA molecules. We observe a percolation transition of the TBA molecules at xTBA ≈ 0.05. We note that “islands” of TBA clusters form even below this mole fraction, while a large spanning cluster emerges above that mole fraction. At this percolation threshold, we observe a lambda-type divergence in the fluctuation of the size of the largest TBA cluster, reminiscent of a critical point. Alongside, the structure of water is also perturbed, albeit weakly, by the aggregation of TBA molecules. There is a monotonic decrease in the tetrahedral order parameter of water, while the dipole moment correlation shows a weak nonlinearity. Interestingly, water molecules themselves exhibit a reverse percolation transition at higher TBA concentration, xTBA ≈ 0.45, where large spanning water clusters now break-up into small clusters. This is accompanied by significant divergence of the fluctuations in the size of largest water cluster. This second transition gives rise to another set of anomalies around. Both the percolation transitions can be regarded as manifestations of Janus effect at small molecular level.
Predictions for water clusters from a first-principles two- and three-body force field
Authors: Góra Urszula , Cencek Wojciech , Podeszwa Rafał , van der Avoird Ad , Szalewicz Krzysztof
Published: May 2014

A new rigid-monomer three-body potential has been developed for water by fitting it to more than 70 thousand trimer interaction energies computed ab initio using coupled-cluster methods and augmented triple-zeta-quality basis sets. This potential was used together with a modified form of a previously developed two-body potential and with a polarization model of four- and higher-body interactions to predict the energetics of the water trimer, hexamer, and 24-mer. Despite using the rigid-monomer approximation, these predictions agree better with flexible-monomer benchmarks than published results obtained with flexible-monomer force fields. An unexpected finding of our work is that simple polarization models predict four-body interactions to within a few percent, whereas for three-body interactions these models are known to have errors on the order of 50%.
Structural and phase transitions of one and two polymer mushrooms in poor solvent
Authors: Yang Delian , Wang Qiang
Published: May 2014

Using the recently proposed fast lattice Monte Carlo (FLMC) simulations and the corresponding lattice self-consistent field (LSCF) calculations based on the same model system, where multiple occupancy of lattice sites is allowed [Q. Wang, Soft Matter 5, 4564 (2009); Q. Wang, Soft Matter 5, 6206 (2010)], we studied the coil-globule transition (CGT) of one-mushroom systems and the fused-separated transition (FST) of two-mushroom systems, where a polymer mushroom is formed by a group of n homopolymer chains each of N segments end-grafted at the same point onto a flat substrate and immersed in a poor solvent. With our soft potential that allows complete particle overlapping, LSCF theory neglecting the system fluctuations/correlations becomes exact in the limit of n → ∞, and FLMC results approach LSCF predictions with increasing n. Using LSCF calculations, we systematically constructed the phase diagrams of one- and two-mushroom systems. A second-order symmetric-asymmetric transition (SAT) was found in the globule state of one-mushroom systems, where the rotational symmetry around the substrate normal passing through the grafting point is broken in each individual configuration but preserved by the degeneracy of different orientations of these asymmetric configurations. Three different states were also found in two-mushroom systems: separated coils, separated globules, and fused globule. We further studied the coupling between FST in two-mushroom systems and CGT and SAT of each mushroom. Finally, direct comparisons between our simulation and theoretical results, without any parameter-fitting, unambiguously and quantitatively revealed the fluctuation/correlation effects on these phase transitions.
Computing the reconnection rate in turbulent kinetic layers by using electron mixing to identify topology
Authors: Daughton W. , Nakamura T. K. M. , Karimabadi H. , Roytershteyn V. , Loring B.
Published: May 2014

Three-dimensional kinetic simulations of magnetic reconnection for parameter regimes relevant to the magnetopause current layer feature the development of turbulence, driven by the magnetic and velocity shear, and dominated by coherent structures including flux ropes, current sheets, and flow vortices. Here, we propose a new approach for computing the global reconnection rate in the presence of this complexity. The mixing of electrons originating from separate sides of the magnetopause layer is used as a proxy to rapidly identify the magnetic topology and track the evolution of magnetic flux. The details of this method are illustrated for an asymmetric current layer relevant to the subsolar magnetopause and for a flow shear dominated layer relevant to the lower latitude magnetopause. While the three-dimensional reconnection rates show a number of interesting differences relative to the corresponding two-dimensional simulations, the time scale for the energy conversion remains very similar. These results suggest that the mixing of field lines between topologies is more easily influenced by kinetic turbulence than the physics responsible for the energy conversion.
Asymmetric evolution of magnetic reconnection in collisionless accretion disk
Authors: Shirakawa Keisuke , Hoshino Masahiro
Published: May 2014

An evolution of a magnetic reconnection in a collisionless accretion disk is investigated using a 2.5 dimensional hybrid code simulation. In astrophysical disks, magnetorotational instability (MRI) is considered to play an important role by generating turbulence in the disk and contributes to an effective angular momentum transport through a turbulent viscosity. Magnetic reconnection, on the other hand, also plays an important role on the evolution of the disk through a dissipation of a magnetic field enhanced by a dynamo effect of MRI. In this study, we developed a hybrid code to calculate an evolution of a differentially rotating system. With this code, we first confirmed a linear growth of MRI. We also investigated a behavior of a particular structure of a current sheet, which would exist in the turbulence in the disk. From the calculation of the magnetic reconnection, we found an asymmetric structure in the out-of-plane magnetic field during the evolution of reconnection, which can be understood by a coupling of the Hall effect and the differential rotation. We also found a migration of X-point whose direction is determined only by an initial sign of J0×Ω0, where J0 is the initial current density in the neutral sheet and Ω0 is the rotational vector of the background Keplerian rotation. Associated with the migration of X-point, we also found a significant enhancement of the perpendicular magnetic field compared to an ordinary MRI. MRI-Magnetic reconnection coupling and the resulting magnetic field enhancement can be an effective process to sustain a strong turbulence in the accretion disk and to a transport of angular momentum.
Effective dielectric constant of electrolytes
Authors: Barbero G. , Lelidis I.
Published: May 2014

We show that in the framework of the Poisson-Nernst-Planck model, where the ions are assumed point-like particles, the dielectric constant of the electrolyte coincides with that of the solvent in which the ions are dispersed. Only in the case where the ions are considered polarizable particles, their presence can contribute to the effective dielectric constant of the electrolyte and can play a role in the non-linear version of the Poisson-Nernst-Planck model. From this observation, it follows that generalizations of the linear Poisson-Nernst-Planck model in which the dielectric constant of the solution is considered depending on the ionic distributions are questionable.
Optical Salisbury screen with design-tunable resonant absorption bands
Authors: Nath Janardan , Smith Evan , Maukonen Douglas , Peale Robert E.
Published: May 2014

A thin-film selective absorber at visible and near infra-red wavelengths is demonstrated. The structure consists of an optically thick layer of gold, a SiO2 dielectric spacer and a partially transparent gold film on top. The optical cavity so formed traps and absorbs light at a resonance wavelength determined by the film thicknesses. Observed fundamental-resonance absorption strengths are in the range 93%–97%. The absorption red-shifts and broadens as the thickness of the top gold layer is decreased with little change in absorption strength. Thus, strong absorption with design-tunable wavelength and width is achieved easily by unstructured blanket depositions. Observed angle-dependent spectra agree well with the recent three-layer analytical model of Shu et al. [Opt. Express 21, 25307 (2013)], if effective medium approximation is used to calculate the permittivity of the top gold film when it becomes discontinuous at the lowest thicknesses.
Planar metamaterial-based beam-scanning broadband microwave antenna
Authors: Dhouibi Abdallah , Burokur Shah Nawaz , de Lustrac André
Published: May 2014

The broadband directive emission from the use of waveguided metamaterials is numerically and experimentally reported. The metamaterials, which are composed of non-resonant circular complementary closed ring structures printed on a dielectric substrate, are designed to obey the refractive index of a Luneburg lens. An arc array of planar radiating slot antennas placed at the periphery of the lens is used as wave launchers. A prototype of the lens associated with the feed structures has been fabricated using standard lithography techniques. To experimentally demonstrate the broadband focusing properties and directive emissions, far-field radiation patterns have been measured. Furthermore, this metamaterial-based lens can be used to achieve beam-scanning with a coverage of up to 120 °. Far-field measurements agree qualitatively with calculated near-field distributions.
Magnetic field role on the structure and optical response of photonic crystals based on ferrofluids containing Co0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4 nanoparticles
Authors: López J. , González Luz E. , Quiñonez M. F. , Gómez M. E. , Porras-Montenegro N. , Zambrano G.
Published: May 2014

Ferrofluids based on magnetic Co0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method from aqueous salt solutions of Co (II), ZnSO4, and Fe (III) in an alkaline medium. Ferrofluids placed in an external magnetic field show properties that make them interesting as magneto-controllable soft photonic crystals. Morphological and structural characterizations of the samples were obtained from Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy studies. Magnetic properties were investigated with the aid of a vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature. Herein, the Co0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4 samples showed superparamagnetic behavior, according to hysteresis loop results. Taking in mind that the Co-Zn ferrite hysteresis loop is very small, our magnetic nanoparticles can be considered soft magnetic material with interesting technological applications. In addition, by using the plane-wave expansion method, we studied the photonic band structure of 2D photonic crystals made of ferrofluids with the same nanoparticles. Previous experimental results show that a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the ferrofluid plane agglomerates the magnetic nanoparticles in parallel rods to form a hexagonal 2D photonic crystal. We calculated the photonic band structure of photonic crystals by means of the effective refractive index of the magnetic fluid, basing the study on the Maxwell-Garnett theory, finding that the photonic band structure does not present any band gaps under the action of applied magnetic field strengths used in our experimental conditions.
Electronic and optical properties of single excitons and biexcitons in type-II quantum dot nanocrystals
Authors: Koc Fatih , Sahin Mehmet
Published: May 2014

In this study, a detailed investigation of the electronic and optical properties (i.e., binding energies, absorption wavelength, overlap of the electron-hole wave functions, recombination oscillator strength, etc.) of an exciton and a biexciton in CdTe/CdSe core/shell type-II quantum dot heterostructures has been carried out in the frame of the single band effective mass approximation. In order to determine the electronic properties, we have self-consistently solved the Poisson-Schrödinger equations in the Hartree approximation. We have considered all probable Coulomb interaction effects on both energy levels and also on the corresponding wave functions for both single exciton and biexciton. In addition, we have taken into account the quantum mechanical exchange-correlation effects in the local density approximation between same kinds of particles for biexciton. Also, we have examined the effect of the ligands and dielectric mismatch on the electronic and optical properties. We have used a different approximation proposed by Sahin and Koc [Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 183103 (2013)] for the recombination oscillator strength of the biexciton for bound and unbound cases. The results obtained have been presented comparatively as a function of the shell thicknesses and probable physical reasons in behind of the results have been discussed in a detail.
Preparation and wide-frequency dielectric properties of (Ba0.5Sr0.4Ca0.1)TiO3/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites
Authors: Huang Er-Quan , Zhao Jun , Zha Jun-Wei , Zhang Liang , Liao Rui-Jin , Dang Zhi-Min
Published: May 2014

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and (Ba0.5Sr0.4Ca0.1)TiO3 (BSCT) are used as matrix and fillers, respectively, to prepare polymer functional composites by solution casting with N,N-dimethyl formamide as a solvent. It is found that the addition of BSCT has significant influence on the crystallization, melting, and glass transition behaviors of the PVDF matrix. The dielectric properties of the BSCT/PVDF composites are studied over a wide frequency range from 100 Hz to 1 GHz and a wide temperature range from −50 °C to 100 °C to explore the dependences of frequency and temperature. High dielectric constant (ɛ) up to 132 at 100 Hz and low dielectric loss (tan δ) down to 0.0045 at 1 GHz are achieved for the BSCT/PVDF composites. The obtained data of ε are also theoretically fit by different models, and the modified Lichtenecker equation and Jayasundere-Smith equation show the best match.
Enhanced magnetoelectric effect for flexible current sensor applications
Authors: Le Minh-Quyen , Belhora Fouad , Cornogolub Alexandru , Cottinet Pierre-Jean , Lebrun Laurent , Hajjaji Abdelouahed
Published: May 2014

This article focuses on the magnetoelectric (ME) effect that could be obtained in a bilayered structure consisting of the Cytop polymer and a magnetic tape filled with magnetically soft particles. The ME behavior was characterized by measuring the amplitude of the magnetoelectric current versus various input parameters that appear in theoretical expressions, i.e., the bias magnetic field, the alternative magnetic field, and the applied frequency. Experimental results were investigated together with theoretical models in order to determine the ME coupling value. It was found that the laminate material of a transversely charging electret along with bias magnetic tape could attain significant magnetoelectric properties, which were the result of the mechanical contacts between the layers and the electric-mechanical and magnetic-mechanical coupling in each phase. All the results demonstrated a possibility to realize a low-cost flexible current sensor while achieving an improved magnetoelectric response.
Enhanced electrochemical etching of ion irradiated silicon by localized amorphization
Authors: Dang Z. Y. , Breese M. B. H. , Lin Y. , Tok E. S. , Vittone E.
Published: May 2014

A tailored distribution of ion induced defects in p-type silicon allows subsequent electrochemical anodization to be modified in various ways. Here we describe how a low level of lattice amorphization induced by ion irradiation influences anodization. First, it superposes a chemical etching effect, which is observable at high fluences as a reduced height of a micromachined component. Second, at lower fluences, it greatly enhances electrochemical anodization by allowing a hole diffusion current to flow to the exposed surface. We present an anodization model, which explains all observed effects produced by light ions such as helium and heavy ions such as cesium over a wide range of fluences and irradiation geometries.
Charge transport in colloidal ZnO nanocrystal solids: The significance of surface states
Authors: Wang Jianpu , Greenham Neil C.
Published: May 2014

We investigate charge transport behaviour in colloidal ZnO nanocrystal solids with different surface states. Our results show that the logarithm of the conductivity scales with −T−1/4, suggestive of Mott variable-range hopping. Analysis of the density of states at the Femi level suggests that the charge hopping occurs through surface or defect states, rather than by direct hopping between quantum-confined conduction band states of the nanocrystals.
Reversing hot-carrier energy-relaxation in graphene with a magnetic field
Authors: Ramamoorthy H. , Somphonsane R. , He G. , Ferry D. K. , Ochiai Y. , Aoki N. , Bird J. P.
Published: May 2014

We investigate the influence of a perpendicular magnetic field on hot-carrier energy relaxation in bilayer graphene. Working in the regime of incipient Landau quantization, we find that the magnetic field influences the relaxation in a very different manner, dependent upon the position of the Fermi level relative to the Dirac point. While for carrier densities >1012 cm−2 relaxation is slowed by the magnetic field, as the density of free carriers approaches zero it instead becomes quicker. We discuss this behavior in terms of the emergence of the zero-energy Landau level, and the role of charge puddling in graphene.
Hydrogen ion-selective electrolyte-gated organic field-effect transistor for pH sensing
Authors: Kofler Johannes , Schmoltner Kerstin , Klug Andreas , List-Kratochvil Emil J. W.
Published: May 2014

A H+ ion-selective electrolyte-gated organic field-effect transistor (IS-EGOFET) with a broad detection range between pH 3 and pH 12, is presented. This pH sensor relies on an integrated EGOFET used as a transducer in combination with an ionophore-doped polymeric ion-selective membrane serving as a sensing element. The broad detection range was possible through a dynamic measurement protocol comprising a readjustment of the gate voltage, which ensures a stable device operation at a constant working point. The effectiveness of this dynamic approach is confirmed by stability investigations. On the basis of this pH sensor concept, the importance of an appropriate gating electrolyte is highlighted, giving insights into the working mechanism of EGOFETs.
Random optical bipolar pulses
Authors: Zhang Bin , Ding Yingchun , Chen Zhaoyang , Lin Chengyou
Published: May 2014

Random optical bipolar pulses (ROBPs) were experimentally demonstrated in an all-optical continuous wave stimulated Brillouin scattering system without any modulation. The features of these bipolar pulses include short rise and fall time, different recurrence rates, and double-frequency property. Three-wave parametric coupling equations model simulations agree qualitatively well with the experiments. Our experimental and theoretical studies confirm that the optical feedback is essential and the multi-wave coupling effects are the mechanism for the ROBPs events.
Stress mapping of micromachined polycrystalline silicon devices via confocal Raman microscopy
Authors: Myers Grant A. , Hazra Siddharth S. , de Boer Maarten P. , Michaels Chris A. , Stranick Stephan J. , Koseski Ryan P. , Cook Robert F. , DelRio Frank W.
Published: May 2014

Stress mapping of micromachined polycrystalline silicon devices with components in various levels of uniaxial tension was performed. Confocal Raman microscopy was used to form two-dimensional maps of Raman spectral shifts, which exhibited variations on the scale of the component and on the scale of the microstructure. Finite element analysis models enabled direct comparison of the spatial variation in the measured shifts to that of the predicted stresses. The experimental shifts and model stresses were found to be linearly related in the uniaxial segment, with a proportionality constant in good agreement with calculations based on an opto-mechanical polycrystalline averaging analysis.
Direct-bandgap electroluminescence from a horizontal Ge p-i-n ridge waveguide on Si(001) substrate
Authors: Liu Zhi , Li Yaming , He Chao , Li Chuanbo , Xue Chunlai , Zuo Yuhua , Cheng Buwen , Wang Qiming
Published: May 2014

Horizontal injection Ge p-i-n ridge waveguide light emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated on n−-Si(001) substrates by ultrahigh vacuum chemical vapor deposition. The direct-bandgap electroluminescence (EL) of Ge waveguide LEDs under a continuous/pulse electrical pump was studied. The heating effect from a continuous electrical pump was found to significantly enhance the emission of devices. The top surface EL intensity of the Ge waveguide LEDs significantly depended on the position. Most direct-bandgap radiative recombination of Ge p-i-n waveguide LEDs occurred near the N+ region of the junction. This interesting phenomenon could be explained by the carrier distribution in the junction and the pseudo-direct bandgap of Ge.
Broadband near infrared optical power limiting of few layered graphene oxides
Authors: Liaros N. , Koudoumas E. , Couris S.
Published: May 2014

The transient nonlinear optical response of few layered graphene oxide dispersed in different organic solvents was studied and its nonlinear optical properties were determined under visible and infrared, nanosecond laser excitation. Few layered graphene oxide was shown to possess important and broadband optical limiting action under infrared laser wavelengths up to 1.8 μm, comparable to that observed for visible wavelengths. Finally, its nonlinear optical response and optical limiting efficiency was compared with that of single layer graphene oxide and it was found to be significantly superior.