bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“I love being a midwife; it's who I am”: A Glaserian Grounded Theory Study of why midwives stay in midwifery
Authors: Bloxsome Dianne , Bayes Sara , Ireson Deborah
Published: October 2019

Aims and objectives

To understand why Western Australian (WA) midwives choose to remain in the profession.

Background

Midwifery shortages and the inability to retain midwives in the midwifery profession is a global problem. The need for effective midwifery staff retention strategies to be implemented is therefore urgent, as is the need for evidence to inform those strategies.

Design

Glaserian grounded theory (GT) methodology was used with constant comparative analysis.

Methods

Fourteen midwives currently working clinically area were interviewed about why they remain in the profession. The GT process of constant comparative analysis resulted in an overarching core category emerging. The study is reported in accordance with Tong and associates’ (2007) Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ).

Results

The core category derived from the data was labelled—“I love being a midwife; it's who I am.” The three major categories that underpin the core category are labelled as follows: “The people I work with make all the difference”; “I want to be ‘with woman’ so I can make a difference”; and “I feel a responsibility to pass on my skills, knowledge and wisdom to the next generation.”

Conclusion

It emerged from the data that midwives’ ability to be “with woman” and the difference they feel they make to them, the people they work with and the opportunity to “grow” the next generation together underpin a compelling new middle‐range theory of the phenomenon of interest.

Relevance to clinical practice

The theory that emerged and the insights it provides will be of interest to healthcare leaders, who may wish to use it to help develop midwifery workforce policy and practice, and by extension to optimise midwives’ job satisfaction, and facilitate the retention of midwives both locally and across Australia.
Interplay of anti‐SSA/SSB status and hypertension in determining cardiovascular risk in primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Bartoloni E. , Baldini C. , De Vita S. , Priori R. , Giacomelli R. , Bini V. , Gerli R.
Published: October 2019

Click here to view the Original article by Mofors et al.
Panel performance, discrimination power of descriptors, and sensory characterization of table olive samples
Authors: Lanza Barbara , Amoruso Filomena
Published: October 2019

The COI/OT/MO No. 1/Rev. 2—November 2011 method establishes the necessary criteria and procedure for the sensory analysis of table olives by a group of 8–10 expert/selected tasters and a panel leader. The performance of each individual taster and the whole panel was monitored on a regular basis, involving the analysis of replicated samples and retraining of tasters with references. Univariate and multivariate (two‐way analysis of variance, Line plot, Eggshell plot, PCA, Tucker‐1 plot) statistical techniques by the open‐source software PanelCheck V 1.4.2—2015 were applied. From the analysis of the data, hardness is quite highlighted for all assessors indicating that the panel agrees well for this characteristic, while for remaining attributes (salty, bitter, acid, fibrousness, and crunchiness) the situation is more complex and was analyzed case by case.

Practical Applications

In this study, assessors having good discrimination ability and repeatability were identified, and in the same time we acquired information regarding the difficulty to recognize/evaluate some attributes. These results were also used to investigate on the discrimination power of the descriptors.
MgAl2O4 spinels from Allende and NWA 763 carbonaceous chondrites: Structural refinement, cooling history, and trace element contents
Authors: Lenaz Davide , Lughi Vanni , Perugini Diego , Petrelli Maurizio , Turco Gianluca , Schmitz Birger
Published: October 2019

MgAl2O4 spinels from Allende and NWA 763 carbonaceous chondrites were studied by X‐ray single crystal diffraction, SEM, electron microprobe, LA‐ICP‐MS, and Raman spectroscopy. Those from Allende are almost pure, but, in one case, we found a strong FeOtot zonation. Spinels from NWA 763 show Mg‐Fe2+ substitutions. Almost pure MgAl2O4 spinels from both meteorites underwent slow cooling and reached their intracrystalline closure temperature (Tc) in the range 460–520 °C. The NWA 763 spinel with higher FeO content shows a Tc of about 720 °C. X‐ray single crystal diffraction and Raman spectroscopy suggest a slow cooling and an ordered structure with trivalent cations in M site and divalent in T site. Among the trace elements, Ti and Co are enriched with respect to the terrestrial analogs, while Mn, Ni, and Sn show intermediate values between different terrestrial occurrences. Vanadium cannot be used as a tracer of extraterrestrial origin as for Cr‐spinels, because its content is similar in extraterrestrial and terrestrial spinels. In the zoned crystal from Allende, Co show a strong zonation similar to that of FeO.
Cremanthodium weixiense (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), a new species from northwestern Yunnan, China
Authors: Wang Long , Zhang Meng , Yang Qin‐Er
Published: October 2019

Cremanthodium weixiense (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), a new species from northwestern Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is referred to C. ser. Calcicola based on its palmately veined leaves, discoid capitula and leaflike, herbaceous phyllaries. However, it is unique in this series in having dissected leaves. It is somewhat similar to C. pinnatisectum in C. ser. Campanulata in the dissected leaves and the discoid capitula, but differs by the suborbicular (versus subreniform) basal leaves with deeply cordate (versus subtruncate) bases and very narrow (versus obviously divergent) sinuses, the presence (versus absence) of a conspicuously sheathed petiolar base of stem leaves, the broadly cylindrical (versus campanulate) involucres and the leaflike, herbaceous (versus petaloid, membranous) phyllaries.
Aster saxicola sp. nov. (Asteraceae, Astereae), a new species from Guizhou, China: evidence from morphological, molecular and cytological studies
Authors: Xiong Yi‐Chang , Li Zhi , Xiao Jia‐Wei , Li Wei‐Ping
Published: October 2019

Aster saxicola W. P. Li & Z. Li, a new species of Asteraceae from southeastern Guizhou province, China, is described and illustrated based on morphological, molecular and cytological data. Morphological comparisons showed that A. saxicola is similar to A. oliganthus, but can be distinguished from the latter by its purple abaxial surface of the lower and middle cauline leaves, cordate‐ovate basal leaves with strigose hairs, outer three‐seriate phyllaries with purple or purplish apex, 9–14 ray florets and 10–18 disk florets. Phylogenetic analyses based on nrDNA ITS, ETS and plastid trnL–F DNA sequence data support that A. saxicola is a distinct species and belongs to Aster subgen. Aster sect. Ageratoides. Cytological observation shows that the new species is diploid with a karyotype formula 2n = 2x = 18 = 16m + 2sm. The new species should be considered endangered (EN) based on the IUCN red list criteria because of its restricted geographic range.
Bartleby's remains
Authors: Stables Wayne
Published: October 2019

Taking issue with those readings of Melville's tale that are caught between the need to account for Bartleby and the need to account for the impossibility of the account, this article draws attention to the diverse ways in which ‘Bartleby, the Scrivener’ harbours a theory of transmission which troubles the function and promise of theory as such. It revisits some of the most influential interpretations of the text before turning to Foucault's ‘Thought of the outside’ and Derrida's late essay, ‘A certain impossible possibility of saying the event’. The nub of the argument is that in the current critical climate, which often seems bent on effecting the most economic relation between textual phenomena and normative orders of historical, cultural or social significance, the most pressing injunction is less to render Bartleby, or his famous ‘formula’, readable than to show how Melville's text preserves the radical originality of an event, giving us to think that which precedes every measure of equivalence and exceeds the equilibrium of exchange: what remains of language when it has been purged of sense.
Use of self‐adherent silicone sheets in a pediatric burn patient: A case report and instructions for use
Authors: Eisendle Klaus , Pichler Maria , De Luca Jenny , Thuile Tobias
Published: October 2019

Burns and scalds are relatively common injuries in children. Formation of hypertrophic scars or keloids is feared complications. A 2‐year‐old girl who spilled a cup of hot coffee onto herself developed widespread hypertrophic scars and beginning keloids on her upper chest, despite application of pressure garments and daily massage with silicone gel. Herein, we describe instructions for use of prolonged continuous 24‐hour occlusive application of self‐adherent silicone sheets to help mitigate the formation of scar tissue.
Monozygotic twins with atrophia maculosa varioliformis cutis
Authors: Agrawal Sandip , Sharma Aseem , Dhurat Rachita , Ghate Smita , Sharma Richa
Published: October 2019

Atrophia maculosa varioliformis cutis (AMVC) is a sporadic or inherited childhood disorder, signified by the occurrence of pitted scars, usually over the face. We report two cases of AMVC occurring in monozygotic twins.
Pathological analysis of cadavers for educational dissection by using postmortem imaging
Authors: Noriki Sakon , Iino Satoshi , Kinoshita Kazuyuki , Fukazawa Yugo , Inai Kunihiro , Sakai Toyohiko , Kimura Hirohiko
Published: October 2019

This study was performed primarily to clarify whether pathological analysis of cadavers for anatomical dissection is possible using postmortem imaging (PMI), and whether this is worthwhile. A total of 33 cadavers that underwent systematic anatomical dissection at our medical school also underwent PMI. Fixative solution was injected into the corpus 3–4 days after death. PMI was then performed using an 8‐slice multi‐detector CT scanner 3 months before dissection. Before dissection, a conference was held to discuss the findings of the PMI. First, two radiologists read the postmortem images without any medical information and deduced the immediate cause of death. Then, the anatomy instructor revealed the medical information available. Based on this information, the radiologist, anatomy instructor, and pathologists suggested candidate sampling sites for pathological examination. On the last day of the dissection period, the pathologists resected the sample tissues and processed them for pathological examination. In 12 of 33 cases, the presumed causes of death could be determined based on PMI alone, and revision of the cause of death described in the death certificate was considered in five (15.2%) cases, based on PMI and pathological analysis. This article presents a novel method of pathological analysis of cadavers for anatomical dissection using PMI without disturbing the anatomy education of medical students.
Antiabortion Rhetoric and the Undermining of Choice: Women's Agency as Causing “Psychological Trauma” Following the Termination of a Pregnancy
Authors: Ntontis Evangelos
Published: October 2019

Historically the antiabortion movement has opposed abortions through reference to the fetus' human status. However, recently there has been a rhetorical shift whereby abortion is criticized based on its alleged negative psychological impact on women, with some authors voicing concerns related to this medicalized repertoire undermining women's capacity to act as rational decision‐makers. However, no research to date has systematically analyzed how women's agency over their abortions features in antiabortion rhetoric. In this article, through a discourse analysis of interviews with 15 antiabortion supporters, I explore how psychological concepts are employed to indirectly undermine women's agency to abort. Participants construct the termination of a pregnancy as psychologically damaging when women's agency is evident (e.g., in abortions or rape‐pregnancy abortions). Women's choice also appears as enforced by society, victimizing them and removing accountability over it. However, unintentional termination (e.g., miscarriage) is constructed as “natural” and psychologically harmless due to the lack of agency. Overall, the pathologization of abortion through reference to psychological trauma stemming from the exercise of agency allows antiabortionists to naturalize motherhood and oppose abortions in an “objective,” depoliticized, nonrestrictive, and prowoman manner, without explicitly disregarding women's ability to choose or breaching Western norms of autonomy and freedom of choice.
Outbreak of freckle disease (Phyllosticta cavendishii) on Cavendish bananas in Australia and the initial biosecurity response
Authors: McMaster C. A. , Tran‐Nguyen L. T. T. , Voutsinos M. Y. , Cook S. E. , Condé B. D. , West S. J. , Nguyen T. V. , Liberato J. R.
Published: October 2019

Phyllosticta cavendishii has been recorded in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia occurring on non‐Cavendish bananas since 1991. The race of P. cavendishii that infects Cavendish bananas is considered exotic to Australia and classified as an emergency plant pest. In July 2013, P. cavendishii was detected on Cavendish bananas near Darwin, NT. Here, the diagnoses and field observations carried out during the Incident Definition Phase of the national biosecurity response, from July 2013 to October 2014, are reported. Of 1395 banana samples collected from 676 properties, 480 were positive for freckle disease, including 463 samples with P. cavendishii and 17 samples with P. maculata. Phyllosticta cavendishii was detected in 256 properties, including 62 properties where it was detected on Cavendish banana plants, within six distinct geographical zones across the NT. Phyllosticta cavendishii was detected on two cultivars within the Cavendish subgroup and six non‐Cavendish cultivars. Multigene characterization of Phyllosticta cultures showed that P. cavendishii was isolated from both Cavendish and non‐Cavendish cultivars. Multilocus phylogeny analyses also revealed that the P. cavendishii strain in the outbreak had identical sequence similarity to the holotype (CBS H‐20918) clade 2 P. cavendishii isolates that infect both Cavendish and non‐Cavendish cultivars in Southeast Asia and Oceania. The genetic data in this study showed that there was one P. cavendishii strain infecting both Cavendish and non‐Cavendish cultivars in the outbreak. However, historical data and field observations provided anecdotal evidence for the existence of two races of P. cavendishii, including one that does not infect Cavendish bananas.
Low‐density lipoproteins and milk serum proteins improve the quality of stallion sperm after vitrification in straws
Authors: Consuegra Cesar , Crespo Francisco , Dorado Jesús , Diaz‐Jimenez Maria , Pereira Blasa , Hidalgo Manuel
Published: October 2019

Lipids and proteins can be used for sperm vitrification to preserve the integrity of sperm membranes or to increase the viscosity of the medium. This study evaluated the effect of low‐density lipoproteins (LDL) and milk serum proteins (Pronexcell) for stallion sperm vitrification. Hippex extender (Barex Biochemical Products, The Netherlands), plus 1% of bovine serum albumin and 100 mM of trehalose, was used as control for sperm vitrification. In experiment 1, different concentrations of LDL (L1 = 0.25, L2 = 0.5, L3 = 1%) and in experiment 2 of Pronexcell (P1 = 1, P2 = 5, P3 = 10%) were added to control extender. Vitrification was performed in 0.25‐ml straws directly plunged into liquid nitrogen. Total motility (TM, %) and progressive motility (PM, %) were analysed by CASA, and plasma membrane (IMS, %) and acrosome membrane integrity (AIS, %) were assessed under epifluorescence microscopy. Post‐warmed sperm parameters were compared between treatments by ANOVA. Results were expressed as mean ± SEM. In both experiments, the minimum concentration of LDL and Pronexcell obtained significantly higher values (p < 0.01) than the control extender for TM (L1 = 52.95 ± 4.4; P1 = 58.99 ± 4.6; C = 30.88 ± 3.0), PM (L1 = 36.79 ± 5.5; P1 = 47.25 ± 4.3; C = 19.20 ± 2.4), IMS (L1 = 68.88 ± 3.6; P1 = 47.25 ± 4.3; C = 52.81 ± 2.6) and AIS (L1 = 45.88 ± 3.6; P1 = 47.25 ± 4.3; C = 26.00 ± 2.1). No differences in sperm parameters were found among different concentrations of LDL or Pronexcell. In conclusion, the addition of 0.25% LDL and 1% Pronexcell to the vitrification extender is recommended to improve the quality of stallion sperm after vitrification.
Relationship between DNA fragmentation of equine granulosa cells and oocyte meiotic competence after in vitro maturation
Authors: Pereira Blasa , Dorado Jesús , Diaz‐Jimenez Maria , Consuegra Cesar , Ortiz Isabel , Gosalvez Jaime , Hidalgo Manuel
Published: October 2019

The acquisition of equine oocyte developmental capacity is ensured by the follicular environment, such as granulosa cells, which could reflect the meiotic development potential of immature oocytes. This study evaluated the relationship between DNA fragmentation of granulosa cells, using the chromatin dispersion test, and equine oocyte meiotic development after in vitro maturation. Granulosa cells and cumulus–oocytes complexes (n = 50) were recovered from slaughterhouse‐derived ovaries. Oocytes were in vitro matured, stained and evaluated under fluorescence microscopy. Maturation rates were classified into outstanding, medium and poor levels of maturation using 25th and 75th percentiles as thresholds. For DNA assessment, each sample was processed with the Ovoselect® kit (Halotech DNA). High, low and total DNA fragmentation percentages were compared among levels of maturation rates by ANOVA, followed by Duncan test. Results were expressed as mean ± SE. Total and high DNA fragmentation rates of granulosa cells were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in follicles whose oocytes had reached outstanding maturation level than those originating from follicles whose oocytes had reached poor maturation level. In conclusion, the DNA fragmentation analysis of equine granulosa cells can be a valuable test to identify equine oocytes showing the best meiotic competence after in vitro maturation.
Bayesian Empirical Likelihood Inference with Complex Survey Data
Authors: Zhao Puying , Ghosh Malay , Rao J. N. K. , Wu Changbao
Published: October 2019

We propose a Bayesian empirical likelihood approach to survey data analysis on a vector of finite population parameters defined through estimating equations. Our method allows overidentified estimating equation systems and is applicable to both smooth and non-differentiable estimating functions. Our proposed Bayesian estimator is design consistent for general sampling designs and the Bayesian credible intervals are calibrated in the sense of having asymptotically valid design-based frequentist properties under single-stage unequal probability sampling designs with small sampling fractions. Large sample properties of the Bayesian inference proposed are established for both non-informative and informative priors under the design-based framework. We also propose a Bayesian model selection procedure with complex survey data and show that it works for general sampling designs. An efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo procedure is described for the required computation of the posterior distribution for general vector parameters. Simulation studies and an application to a real survey data set are included to examine the finite sample performances of the methods proposed as well as the effect of different types of prior and different types of sampling design.
Late Cambrian microbial build‐ups, Llano Area, Central Texas: A three‐phase morphological evolution
Authors: Khanna Pankaj , Hopson Heath H. , Droxler André W. , Droxler Dylan A. , Lehrmann Daniel , Kubik Brian , Proctor Jacob , Singh Pulkit , (Mitch) Harris Paul M.
Published: October 2019

Although Late Cambrian microbial build‐ups were recognized in the Point Peak Member of the Wilberns Formation in Central Texas (USA) nearly 70 years ago, only a few studies focused specifically on the build‐ups themselves. This study focuses on the interpretation of the regional (15 measured sections described in literature representing an area of 8000 km2) and local (field and drone photogrammetry studies in a 25 km2 area from within south Mason County) microbial build‐up occurrence, describes their growth phases and details their interactions with the surrounding inter‐build‐up sediments. The study establishes the occurrence of microbial build‐ups in the lower and upper Point Peak members (the Point Peak Member is informally broken up into the lower Point Peak and the upper Point Peak members separated by Plectotrophia zone). The lower Point Peak Member consists of three <1 m thick microbial bioherms and biostrome units, in addition to heterolithic and skeletal/ooid grainstone and packstone beds. One, up to 14 m thick, microbial unit associated with inter‐build‐up skeletal and ooid grainstone and packstone beds, intercalated with mixed siliciclastic–carbonate silt beds, characterizes the upper Point Peak member. The microbial unit in the upper Point Peak member displays a three‐phase growth evolution, from an initial colonization phase on flat based, rip‐up clast lenses, to a second aggradation and lateral expansion phase, into a third well‐defined capping phase. The ultimate demise of the microbial build‐ups is interpreted to have been triggered by an increase of water turbidity caused by a sudden influx of fine siliciclastics. The lower Point Peak member represents inner ramp shallow subtidal and intertidal facies and the upper Point Peak member corresponds to mid‐outer ramp subtidal facies. Understanding the morphological architecture and depositional context of these features is of importance for identifying signatures of early life on Earth.
Transfusion of red blood cells does not impact progression‐free and overall survival after surgery for ovarian cancer
Authors: Hunsicker Oliver , Gericke Sara , Graw Jan Adriaan , Krannich Alexander , Boemke Willehad , Meyer Oliver , Braicu Ioana , Spies Claudia , Sehouli Jalid , Pruß Axel , Feldheiser Aarne
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Allogeneic red blood cells (RBCs) have the potential to impact the immunosurveillance of the recipient and may therefore increase the risk of recurrence after cancer surgery. In this article the relationship between perioperative RBC transfusion and the risk of recurrence after ovarian cancer surgery is examined.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS

This is a retrospective cohort analysis of a prospective database of patients who underwent surgery due to primary ovarian cancer between 2006 and 2014 and who had no residual disease after surgery. Patients who did and did not receive perioperative RBC transfusion were compared. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS). Propensity score matching (PSM) and Cox proportional hazards regression (CPH) was used to control for between‐group differences of prognostic determinants.

RESULTS

A total of 529 patients with a median follow‐up of 51.4 months (95% CI, 46.1‐56.5) were eligible for analysis. Of those, 408 patients (77.1%) received allogeneic, leukoreduced RBCs with a median of 4 units (IQR, 2‐6) per patient. There was a strong selection bias of prognostic determinants between patients with and without transfusion. In unadjusted analysis, transfusion of RBCs was associated with an increased risk of cancer recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] of PFS 2.71 [95% CI, 1.94‐3.77], p < 0.001). After bias reduction, transfusion of RBCs was no longer associated with an increased risk of cancer recurrence, neither in PSM‐adjusted (HR 1.03 [95% CI, 0.59‐1.80], p = 0.91), nor in multivariable CPH‐adjusted analysis (HR 1.26 [95% CI, 0.85‐1.86], p = 0.23).

CONCLUSION

Perioperative transfusion of RBCs did not increase the risk of recurrence after ovarian cancer surgery.
Prevalence of DNA of fourteen human polyomaviruses determined in blood donors
Authors: Kamminga Sergio , van der Meijden Els , de Brouwer Caroline , Feltkamp Mariet , Zaaijer Hans
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs), like herpesviruses, cause persistent infection in a large part of the population. In immunocompromised and elderly patients, PyVs cause severe diseases such as nephropathy (BK polyomavirus [BKPyV]), progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (JC polyomavirus [JCPyV]), and skin cancer (Merkel cell polyomavirus [MCPyV]). Like cytomegalovirus, donor‐derived PyV can cause disease in kidney transplant recipients. Possibly blood components transmit PyVs as well. To study this possibility, as a first step we determined the presence of PyV DNA in Dutch blood donations.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS

Blood donor serum samples (n = 1016) were analyzed for the presence of DNA of 14 HPyVs using HPyV species‐specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedures. PCR‐positive samples were subjected to confirmation by sequencing. Individual PCR findings were compared with the previously reported PyV serostatus.

RESULTS

MC polyomavirus DNA was detected in 39 donors (3.8%), JCPyV and TS polyomavirus (TSPyV) DNA in five donors (both 0.5%), and HPyV9 DNA in four donors (0.4%). BKPyV, WU polyomavirus (WUPyV), HPyV6, MW polyomavirus (MWPyV), and LI polyomavirus (LIPyV) DNA was detected in one or two donors. Amplicon sequencing confirmed the expected product for BKPyV, JCPyV, WUPyV, MCPyV, HPyV6, TSPyV, MWPyV, HPyV9, and LIPyV. For JCPyV a significant association was observed between detection of viral DNA and the level of specific IgG antibodies.

CONCLUSION

In 5.4% of Dutch blood donors PyV DNA was detected, including DNA from pathogenic PyVs such as JCPyV. As a next step, the infectivity of PyV in donor blood and transmission via blood components to immunocompromised recipients should be investigated.
Evaluation of the Use of Concept Cartoon Activities in Teaching the Translation Concept from Students’ Perspectives
Authors: Akbaş Elif Ertem , Kılıç Esra
Published: October 2019

The present study aimed to examine students’ views about the evaluation of teaching via concept cartoon activities related to the translation concept within the scope of the sub-learning domain of 8th grade transformation geometry. The study was carried out using the case study method, which is based on the qualitative approach. The participants in the study were 40 8th grade students (25 female and 16 male) from two different classes of a state secondary school located in the Eastern Anatolia in Turkey. The application process in the study was conducted in one week, and the interviews held following the application process lasted three days. As the data collection tool, a semi-structured five-item interview form was used. The interviews were audio recorded, and they were transcribed and analyzed using the content analysis method. Following this, the students’ responses to each interview question were coded. Codings were obtained using an inductive analysis method. The research results revealed that the concept cartoon activities provided the students with a wide variety of benefits (instructive, entertaining, motivating, mental development and so on) and that the students had positive views about the use of cartoon activities in lessons. Considering the analysis results and the students’ views, the educational and methodological aspects of the study were discussed.
Amigos con beneficios vs. sexo casual: definiendo sus comportamientos sexuales, amor, celos y creencias románticas
Authors: Soriano Ayala Encarnación , García Serrán Herenía
Published: October 2019

Esta investigación da a conocer los aspectos y características de las relaciones de amigos con beneficios comparándola con la práctica de sexo casual. Un total de 172 personas cumplimentaron un cuestionario en línea, en el que se solicitaba información acerca de las conductas sexuales, los tipos de amor y las creencias sobre el amor romántico. Los hallazgos revelan que las conductas sexuales y emocionales son más frecuentes en la relación de amigos con beneficios que en el sexo de una noche. Muestran un tipo de amor basado en la pasión y la intimidad, pero sin compromiso; sin embargo, mantienen creencias sobre el amor romántico. Estos resultados refuerzan el carácter híbrido de amigos con beneficios, a medio camino entre el vínculo puramente sexual y la relación romántica.
Effect of Diet Management on Anxiety in Combat Sports
Authors: Martínez Rodríguez Alejandro , Vicente-Salar Néstor , Montero Carretero Carlos , Cervelló Gimeno Eduardo , Roche Collado Enrique José
Published: October 2019

Weight control in contact sports implies an additional stress to competitors, mostly when strategies to reduce it are inadequate. The present work analyzes if a correct diet planning could decrease anxiety in competitors. The validated CSAI-2 questionnaire was used before and after the weight control with judo, karate and taekwondo competitors from both genders following a free diet vs those that followed a diet plan. Results indicated that the intensity for somatic and cognitive anxiety in the pre-weight event was lower in male and female competitors following a controlled diet. Regarding gender, no differences in anxiety intensity and directionality were observed between individuals following a free diet in the pre-weight event. Regarding sport discipline, judo and taekwondo practitioners presented higher somatic and cognitive anxiety than karate competitors did. Altogether, the correct control of the corresponding weight throughout the sports season decreases anxiety and increases self-confidence, allowing to the participants to focus on the contest objectives.
Deterministic Assembly of Arrays of Lithographically Defined WS2 and MoS2 Monolayer Features Directly From Multilayer Sources Into Van Der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Nguyen Vu , Gramling Hannah , Towle Clarissa , Li Wan , Lien Der-Hsien , Kim Hyungjin , Chrzan Daryl C. , Javey Ali , Xu Ke , Ager Joel , Taylor Hayden
Published: October 2019

One of the major challenges in the van der Waals (vdW) integration of two-dimensional (2D) materials is achieving high-yield and high-throughput assembly of predefined sequences of monolayers into heterostructure arrays. Mechanical exfoliation has recently been studied as a promising technique to transfer monolayers from a multilayer source synthesized by other techniques, allowing the deposition of a wide variety of 2D materials without exposing the target substrate to harsh synthesis conditions. Although a variety of processes have been developed to exfoliate the 2D materials mechanically from the source and place them deterministically onto a target substrate, they can typically transfer only either a wafer-scale blanket or one small flake at a time with uncontrolled size and shape. Here, we present a method to assemble arrays of lithographically defined monolayer WS2 and MoS2 features from multilayer sources and directly transfer them in a deterministic manner onto target substrates. This exfoliate–align–release process—without the need of an intermediate carrier substrate—is enabled by combining a patterned, gold-mediated exfoliation technique with a new optically transparent, heat-releasable adhesive. WS2/MoS2 vdW heterostructure arrays produced by this method show the expected interlayer exciton between the monolayers. Light-emitting devices using WS2 monolayers were also demonstrated, proving the functionality of the fabricated materials. Our work demonstrates a significant step toward developing mechanical exfoliation as a scalable dry transfer technique for the manufacturing of functional, atomically thin materials.
Fostering Students’ Decision-Making Competencies
Authors: Spatz Verena , Tampe Jana , Slezak Cyrill
Published: October 2019

In the ever-changing landscape of educational practice and policy, educators oftentimes find it difficult to obtain adequate training and resources. This places a unique burden on education researchers to develop both content materials as well as professional development programs. The adoption and implementation of the federal No Child Left Behind legislation led to a renewed emphasis on writing and literacy strategies throughout the curriculum, including the sciences. Also, continual underperforming on national and international benchmarks (NAEP, PISA, TIMSS) has led to significant efforts in this country in the past few years to revitalize and improve the quality of student science instruction and scientific literacy. The latter reflects the need to address the broad challenges of modern society on the general public and our students alike within the science classroom and “entails being able to read with understanding articles about science in the popular press.” However, while a clear working definition of the term remains elusive and transient, various efforts have been made to address individual aspects of scientific literacy. One facet is the ability to distinguish between and utilize different aspects of argumentation such as physical, societal, and political criteria for decision-making, which is also reflected within the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). In this paper we introduce an example of a physics content-based approach to further students’ competency in argumentation- based decision-making.
Faraday’s Law of Induction by Experiment
Authors: Médjahdi Kader
Published: October 2019

Measuring magnetic induction is occasionally performed by our students during their academic training in physics. Among the various methods used to measure it, the Hall effect is the most common and widespread. Another way consists of employing an electronic flux-meter. It is constituted by a small flat coil (SFC) connected to the input of an integrator circuit working with an op amp, whereas the output is connected to a data logger. Then, the SFC is moved perpendicularly to the direction of the magnetic field. Finally, the application of Faraday’s law allows the calculation of the magnetic induction. An electromotive force (EMF) is also induced across the ends of the SFC when it is held stationary in a variable magnetic field. However, this kind of integrator raises numerous problems because the op amp is sensitive to bias and offset currents; both are integrated, leading to the saturation of the output signal.
Long-term evidence of noise-induced permanent threshold shift in a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina)
Authors: Reichmuth Colleen , Sills Jillian M. , Mulsow Jason , Ghoul Asila
Published: October 2019

In psychophysical studies of noise-induced hearing loss with marine mammals, exposure conditions are often titrated from levels of no effect to those that induce significant but recoverable loss of auditory sensitivity [temporary threshold shift (TTS)]. To examine TTS from mid-frequency noise, a harbor seal was exposed to a 4.1-kHz underwater tone that was incrementally increased in sound pressure level (SPL) and duration. The seal's hearing was evaluated at the exposure frequency and one-half octave higher (5.8 kHz) to identify the noise parameters associated with TTS onset. No reliable TTS was measured with increasing sound exposure level until the second exposure to a 60-s fatiguing tone of 181 dB re 1 μPa SPL (sound exposure level 199 dB re 1 μPa2s), after which an unexpectedly large threshold shift (>47 dB) was observed. While hearing at 4.1 kHz recovered within 48 h, there was a permanent threshold shift of at least 8 dB at 5.8 kHz. This hearing loss was evident for more than ten years. Furthermore, a residual threshold shift of 11 dB was detected one octave above the tonal exposure, at 8.2 kHz. This hearing loss persisted for more than two years prior to full recovery.
Chronic Ankle Instability Does Not Influence Tibiofemoral Contact Forces During Drop Landings Using a Musculoskeletal Model
Authors: Li Yumeng , Wang He , Simpson Kathy J.
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the study was to compare the tibiofemoral contact forces of participants with chronic ankle instability versus controls during landings using a computer-simulated musculoskeletal model. A total of 21 female participants with chronic ankle instability and 21 pair-matched controls performed a drop landing task on a tilted force plate. A 7-camera motion capture system and 2 force plates were used to test participants’ lower-extremity biomechanics. A musculoskeletal model was used to calculate the tibiofemoral contact forces (femur on tibia). No significant between-group differences were observed for the peak tibiofemoral contact forces (P = .25–.48) during the landing phase based on paired t tests. The group differences ranged from 0.05 to 0.58 body weight (BW). Most participants demonstrated a posterior force (peak,  ∼1.1 BW) for most duration of the landing phase and a medial force (peak, ∼0.9 BW) and large compressive force (peak, ∼10 BW) in the landing phase. The authors conclude that chronic ankle instability may not be related to the increased tibiofemoral contact forces or knee injury mechanisms during landings on the tilted surface.
Decreased Serum Levels of C-Terminal Agrin in Postmenopausal Women Following Resistance Training
Authors: Willoughby Darryn S. , Beretich Kaitlan N. , Chen Marcus , Funderburk LesLee K.
Published: October 2019

Elevated circulating C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF) is a marker of neuromuscular junction degradation and sarcopenia. This study sought to determine if resistance training (RT) impacted the serum levels of CAF in perimenopausal (PERI-M) and postmenopausal (POST-M) women. A total of 35 women, either PERI-M or POST-M, participated in 10 weeks of RT. Body composition, muscle strength, and serum estradiol and CAF were determined before and after the RT. The data were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance (p ≤ .05). Upper body and lower body strength was significantly increased, by 81% and 73% and 86% and 79% for the PERI-M and POST-M participants, respectively; however, there were no significant changes in body composition. Estradiol was significantly less for the POST-M participants at pretraining compared with the PERI-M participants. CAF moderately increased by 22% for the PERI-M participants in response to RT, whereas it significantly decreased by 49% for the POST-M participants. Ten weeks of RT reduced the circulating CAF in the POST-M women and might play a role in attenuating degenerative neuromuscular junction changes.
Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Functional Mobility, Balance, Gait Strength, and Quality of Life in Institutionalized Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Alvarez-Barbosa Francisco , del Pozo-Cruz Jesús , del Pozo-Cruz Borja , García-Hermoso Antonio , Alfonso-Rosa Rosa María
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of whole-body vibration on balance, functional mobility, gait, functional performance, and quality of life in institutionalized older people. Eight databases were systematically reviewed, as recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. This systematic review was designed to answer the acronym set by the participants, interventions, comparators, and outcomes (PICO)-model. Ten randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. The analysis of the mean differences (MDs) of the functional mobility assessed with Time Up and Go test was MD = −2.49 s (95% confidence interval, CI, [−4.37, −0.61];I2 = 68%). In 279 participants from five studies, the overall MD = 0.49 (95% CI [−0.13, 1.11];I2 = 23%) for gait, and MD = 0.96 (95% CI [−0.45, 2.37];I2 = 85%) for balance, which represents the total Tinetti score, MD = 1.59 (95% CI [−0.52, 3.70];I2 = 82%). In summary, whole-body vibration could have benefits on functional mobility in institutionalized older people.
Single-Leg Balance Performance in Sub-Elite Young Soccer Players and Swimmers as a Function of Age and Sports Experience
Authors: Leinen Peter , Muehlbauer Thomas , Panzer Stefan
Published: October 2019

The present study investigated if accumulated, advanced, regular soccer practice (balance-demanding exercise) compared to regular swim practice (non-balance–demanding exercise) induces a more pronounced functional specialization in postural control. Therefore, single-leg balance performance in sub-elite young soccer players (under 13 [U13]:n = 16; U15:n = 18; U19:n = 15), and sub-elite young swimmers (U13:n = 7; U15:n = 4; U19:n = 5) was tested in different balance task conditions (i.e., static and dynamic balance on firm and foam surface). All athletes practiced 3–10 times per week. Single-leg balance of the dominant and non-dominant leg was measured using a force plate. The standard deviation of the center of pressure displacements in anterior-posterior and medio-lateral directions were used as dependent variables. Irrespective of age groups and type of sport, the results failed to indicate significant leg differences in single-leg balance performance. The soccer players showed significant better single-leg balance performance in anterior-posterior direction in the dynamic balance test on the firm and foam surface compared to the swimmers. Functional specialization was accompanied by the type of sport but not by accumulated practice.
Content Knowledge, Enacted Pedagogical Content Knowledge, and Student Performance Between Teachers With Different Levels of Content Expertise
Authors: Kim Insook , Ko Bomna
Published: October 2019

Purpose: This study examined how content knowledge (CK) varies between teachers with different levels of content expertise in teaching volleyball. In addition, it investigated changes to the content-experienced (C-Exd) teachers’ enacted pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) and their students’ performances after developing CK, compared with those of the content-expert (C-Ext) teachers.Method: Two C-Exd and two C-Ext teachers and their 72 students participated in this study. A well-designed CK workshop was implemented for the two C-Exd teachers’ CK improvement. Differences in the teachers’ CK, enacted PCK, and their students’ performance measures were compared.Results: The results of this study indicated that the C-Ext teachers possessed stronger CK than the C-Exd teachers and that the C-Exd teachers improved their enacted PCK and the students’ motor performance after the CK workshop without showing statistically significant differences from those of the C-Ext teachers.Conclusion: The study presents ways to promote teacher effectiveness with supportive evidence-based practices.
Quantum image distillation
Authors: Defienne Hugo , Reichert Matthew , Fleischer Jason W. , Faccio Daniele
Published: October 2019

Images composed of both quantum and classical light can be distilled so as to separate the quantum from the classical information.
Sequential Translocation of Polypeptides across the Bacterial Outer Membrane through the Trimeric Autotransporter Pathway
Authors: Sikdar Rakesh , Bernstein Harris D.
Published: October 2019

Trimeric autotransporter adhesins (TAAs) are specialized bacterial outer membrane proteins consisting of three identical subunits. TAAs contain large extracellular domains that trimerize and promote virulence, but the mechanism by which they are secreted is poorly understood. We found that the extracellular domains of a native TAA were secreted rapidly but that disordered and artificially folded polypeptides fused to native passenger domains were secreted in a slow, sequential fashion. Our results strongly suggest that the efficient secretion of native extracellular domains is driven by their trimerization following export but that alternative energy sources can be harnessed to secrete nonnative polypeptides. Furthermore, we obtained evidence that TAA extracellular domains are secreted before the assembly of the linked membrane spanning domain is completed.
Synthesis, physical characterization, and antifungal and antibacterial activities of oleic acid capped nanomagnetite and cobalt-doped nanomagnetite
Authors: Rahdar Abbas , Beyzaei Hamid , Saadat Mohsen , Yu Xiao , Trant John F.
Published: October 2019

Nanoparticles, 10–14 nm, consisting of either Fe3O4or Co0.2Fe2.8O4stabilized with oleic acid, were prepared using solution combustion. Their structural and magnetic properties were examined using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The properties of both sets of materials are similar, except that the cobalt-doped particles are considerably less magnetic. The in vitro inhibitory activities of the nanoparticles were assessed against pathogenic bacteria Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Streptococcus pyogenes, and pathogenic fungi and molds Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum, and Aspergillus fumigatus. The magnetite nanoparticles were moderately effective against all tested pathogens, but the activity of the cobalt-doped nanoparticles was significantly lower, possibly due to an interruption of the Fenton reaction at the bacterial membrane. This work suggests that potentially doping magnetite with stronger metal oxidants may instead enhance their antimicrobial effects.
Probing new physics in semileptonic $$\Xi _{b}\rightarrow \Lambda (\Xi _{c})\tau ^{-}\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$ decays
Authors: Zhang Jiao , An Xiuyun , Sun Ruirui , Su Jianfeng
Published: October 2019

Recently, several observed anomalies in semileptonic B meson decays have implied hints of lepton flavor universal violation. Motivated by these inspiring results, we study the baryon decays $$\Xi _{b}\rightarrow \Lambda (\Xi _{c})\tau ^{-}\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$Ξb→Λ(Ξc)τ-ν¯τ which are mediated by $$b\rightarrow u(c)\tau ^{-}\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$b→u(c)τ-ν¯τ transitions at quark level in the Standard Model and different New Physics scenarios. In the framework of the extended Standard Model on assuming a general effective theory, we constrain the Wilson coefficients of the NP operators using the experimental measurement results for the $$Br(B_{c}^+\rightarrow \tau ^+ \nu _{\tau })$$Br(Bc+→τ+ντ), $$R^{l}_{\pi }$$Rπl, $$R_{D^{(*)}}$$RD(∗), $$R_{J/\psi }$$RJ/ψ and $$F_{L}^{D^{*}}$$FLD∗ anomalies and investigate their New Physics effects on several observables relative to the $$\Xi _{b}\rightarrow \Lambda (\Xi _{c})\tau ^{-}\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$Ξb→Λ(Ξc)τ-ν¯τ decays. We mention the differential branching fraction $${\text {d}}Br/{\text {d}}q^2$$dBr/dq2, the ratio of branching fractions $$R(q^2)$$R(q2), the lepton-side forward–backward asymmetry $$A_{FB}(q^2)$$AFB(q2), the longitudinal polarization $$P_{L}^{\Lambda (\Xi _{c})}(q^2)$$PLΛ(Ξc)(q2) of the daughter baryons $$\Lambda (\Xi _{c})$$Λ(Ξc) and $$P_{L}^{\tau }(q^2)$$PLτ(q2) of the $$\tau $$τ lepton, and the convexity parameter $$C_{F}(q^2)$$CF(q2).
Pattern formation by fractional cross-diffusion in a predator–prey model with Beddington–DeAngelis type functional response
Authors: Iqbal Naveed , Wu Ranchao
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we explore the emergence of patterns in a fractional cross-diffusion model with Beddington–DeAngelis type functional response. First, we explore the stability of the equilibrium points with or without fractional cross-diffusion. Instability of equilibria can be induced by cross-diffusion. We perform the linear stability analysis to obtain the constraints for the Turing instability. It is found by theoretical analysis that cross-diffusion is an important mechanism for the appearance of Turing patterns. For the dynamics of pattern, the weakly nonlinear multi-scaling analysis has been performed to obtain the amplitude equations. Finally, we ensure the existence of Turing patterns such as squares, spots and stripes by using the stability analysis of the amplitude equations. Moreover, with the assistance of numerical simulations, we verify the theoretical results.