bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple Types Late-Onset Postoperative Retinal Folds following Vitrectomy for Retinal Detachment Repair with Silicone Oil: Morphologic Variability and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Features – A Case Report
Authors: Iatropoulos Ioannis , Christou Evita Evangelia , Karmiris Efthymios , Chranioti Ioanna G. , Kounas Konstantinos , Kozobolis Vasileios , Stavrakas Panagiotis
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Retinal folds (RFs) may develop following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair, though it consists an uncommon complication. Case Presentation: Herein, we present a case of late-onset postoperative outer RFs with aggravating characteristics following vitrectomy with silicone oil (SO) tamponade for RRD repair; early clinical findings, complications, anatomical and functional status during a 12-month follow-up period are described. Retinal imaging by acquiring optical coherence tomography scans and angiograms indicates detailed morphological and angiographic characteristics of the evolution of RFs over time. Our case provides insight into a combination of various types of RFs along with retinal disorganization with appearance in the late postoperative period after RRD repair with SO tamponade. Conclusion: Our aim was to raise awareness of the pathological processes that may be associated with the development and evolution of RFs after successful RRD repair, indicating that it is critical to accurately diagnose the type of RFs and closely monitor their progression in an attempt to provide prognostication for future visual outcomes.
Comparison of BAP65, DECAF, PEARL, and MEWS Scores in Predicting Respiratory Support Need in Hospitalized Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Patients
Authors: Acet-Öztürk Nilüfer Aylin , Aydin-Güçlü Özge , Yildiz Merve Nur , Demirdöğen Ezgi , Görek Dilektaşli Aslı , Coşkun Funda , Uzaslan Esra , Ursavaş Ahmet , Karadağ Mehmet
Published: April 2024

Objective: Prognostic models aid clinical practice with decision-making on treatment and hospitalization in exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease (ECOPD). Although there are many studies with prognostic models, diagnostic accuracy is variable within and between models. Subjects and Methods: We compared the prognostic performance of the BAP65 score, DECAF score, PEARL score, and modified early warning score (MEWS) in hospitalized patients with ECOPD, to estimate ventilatory support need. Results: This cross-sectional study consisted of 139 patients. Patients in need of noninvasive or invasive mechanical ventilation support are grouped as ventilatory support groups (n = 54). Comparison between receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that the DECAF score is significantly superior to the PEARL score (p = 0.04) in discriminating patients in need of ventilatory support. DECAF score with a cutoff value of 1 presented the highest sensitivity and BAP65 score with a cutoff value of 2 presented the highest specificity in predicting ventilatory support need. Multivariable analysis revealed that gender played a significant role in COPD exacerbation outcome, and arterial pCO2 and RDW measurements were also predictors of ventilatory support need. Within severity indexes, only the DECAF score was independently associated with the outcome. One-point increase in DECAF score created a 1.43 times higher risk of ventilatory support need. All severity indexes showed a correlation with age, comorbidity index, and dyspnea. BAP65 and DECAF scores also showed a correlation with length of stay. Conclusion: Objective and practical classifications are needed by clinicians to assess prognosis and initiate treatment accordingly. DECAF score is a strong candidate among severity indexes.
El cuidado: posibilidades y rupturas antelas modalidades de violencia propias del conflicto armado colombianola voz de dos mujeres de antioquia.
Authors: Arroyo Ortega Adriana , Urrego Duque Ángela Luz , Avendaño Carrillo Diana
Published: April 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las formas en que el cuidado se ha presentado en el marco del conflicto armado colombiano, a partir de las narrativas de dos mujeres rurales que vivenciaron alguna modalidad de violencia en los municipios de Remedios y de Urrao en el departamento de Antioquia (Colombia). Bajo una metodología de análisis de narrativas, se evidenciaron las actitudes, rupturas, transformaciones y florecimientos de los cuidados, aun en las dinámicas provocadas por el conflicto armado, lo que permite concluir que en medio de este se manifiesta una crisis de los cuidados desde el desgarramiento del tejido social, pero a la vez las mismas mujeres buscan maneras alternativas de propiciar en los espacios familiares o más cercanos, un fortalecimiento de los mismos, lo que refuerza la importancia del cuidado de sí y de los otros, además de consolidarlo como un mecanismo de reparación.
Produção do mundo colonial: homo sacer, a produção da vida nua e necropolítica
Authors: Martins Denis
Published: April 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar las estructuras de violencia, brutalidad y destrucción que fueron el proceso de colonización. Para esto, analizamos el concepto de violencia colonial de Frantz Fanon, los conceptos de Homo sacer y vidas desnudas de Giorgio Agamben y el concepto de necropolítica desarrollado por Achille Mbembe. Nuestro objetivo principal es verificar cómo las naciones colonizadoras utilizaron instrumentos mortíferos de dominación soberana para reducir los territorios colonizados y su población a condiciones absolutas de explotación y matanza. Además, analizamos cómo la potencia colonial, a través de su soberanía y su poder de promover jurídicamente un estado de excepción permanente, produjo cuerpos vinculados a un sistema de inclusión excluyente, es decir, individuos y poblaciones enteras incluidas en un sistema de exclusión en favor del desarrollo del capitalismo y la modernidad.
Estudiantes de Brasil en la Universidad de Salamanca durante los siglos XVI y XVII (1)
Authors: Marcos de Dios Angel
Published: April 2024

(1º parágrafo do artigo)

Durante los siglos XVI y XVII fueron varios los miles de portugueses que frecuentaron la Universidad de Salamanca. El prestigio alcanzado por ésta, sobre todo a mediados del XVI, extendió su influencia por todo el mundo. A la ciudad del Tormes acudían estudiantes de toda Europa, América e incluso de Asia (2). Los portugueses, que consideraban a la de Coimbra universidad menor, se desplazaron a Salamanca en gran número, hasta tal punto que durante más de un siglo siempre hubo un consiliario de constitución “ex regno Portugaliae” de los ocho en total que habia en la Universidad.
Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: A Comprehensive Natural History Study in a Dutch National Cohort of 142 Patients
Authors: Demirdas Serwet , van den Bersselaar Lisa M. , Lechner Rosan , Bos Jessica , Alsters Suzanne I.M. , Baars Marieke J.H. , Baas Annette F. , Baysal Özlem , van der Crabben Saskia N. , Dulfer Eelco , Giesbertz Noor A.A. , Helderman-van den Enden Apollonia T.J.M. , Hilhorst-Hofstee Yvonne , Kempers Marlies J.E. , Komdeur Fenne L. , Loeys Bart , Majoor-Krakauer Daniëlle , Ockeloen Charlotte W. , Overwater Eline , van Tintelen Peter J. , Voorendt Marsha , de Waard Vivian , Maugeri Alessandra , Brüggenwirth Hennie T. , van de Laar Ingrid M.B.H. , Houweling Arjan C.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is a rare connective tissue disorder with a high risk for arterial, bowel, and uterine rupture, caused by heterozygous pathogenic variants in
COL3A1
. The aim of this cohort study is to provide further insights into the natural history of vEDS and describe genotype-phenotype correlations in a Dutch multicenter cohort to optimize patient care and increase awareness of the disease.

METHODS:

Individuals with vEDS throughout the Netherlands were included. The phenotype was charted by retrospective analysis of molecular and clinical data, combined with a one-time physical examination.

RESULTS:

A total of 142 individuals (50% female) participated the study, including 46 index patients (32%). The overall median age at genetic diagnosis was 41.0 years. More than half of the index patients (54.3%) and relatives (53.1%) had a physical appearance highly suggestive of vEDS. In these individuals, major events were not more frequent (
P
=0.90), but occurred at a younger age (
P
=0.01). A major event occurred more often and at a younger age in men compared with women (
P
<0.001 and
P
=0.004, respectively). Aortic aneurysms (
P
=0.003) and pneumothoraces (
P
=0.029) were more frequent in men. Aortic dissection was more frequent in individuals with a
COL3A1
variant in the first quarter of the collagen helical domain (
P
=0.03).

CONCLUSIONS:

Male sex, type and location of the
COL3A1
variant, and physical appearance highly suggestive of vEDS are risk factors for the occurrence and early age of onset of major events. This national multicenter cohort study of Dutch individuals with vEDS provides a valuable basis for improving guidelines for the diagnosing, follow-up, and treatment of individuals with vEDS.
Toward a Universal Definition of Etiologies in Heart Failure: Categorizing Causes and Advancing Registry Science
Authors: Agarwal Anubha , Tromp Jasper , Almahmeed Wael , Angermann Christiane , Chandramouli Chanchal , Cho Hyunjai , Choi Don-Ju , Damasceno Albertino , Filippatos Gerasimos , Fonarow Gregg C. , Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai , Lund Lars , Masoudi Fred , Mensah George A. , Pathan Asad , Perel Pablo , Pinto Fausto , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz , Rich Stuart , Sakata Yasuhiko , Sliwa Karen , Sundstrom Johan , Wong Renee , Yancy Clyde , Yiu Kelvin , Zhang Jian , Zhang Yuhui , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Roth Gregory A. ,   The Global Heart Failure Roundtable Group
Published: April 2024

Heart failure (HF) is a well-described final common pathway for a broad range of diseases however substantial confusion exists regarding how to describe, study, and track these underlying etiologic conditions. We describe (1) the overlap in HF etiologies, comorbidities, and case definitions as currently used in HF registries led or managed by members of the global HF roundtable; (2) strategies to improve the quality of evidence on etiologies and modifiable risk factors of HF in registries; and (3) opportunities to use clinical HF registries as a platform for public health surveillance, implementation research, and randomized registry trials to reduce the global burden of noncommunicable diseases. Investment and collaboration among countries to improve the quality of evidence in global HF registries could contribute to achieving global health targets to reduce noncommunicable diseases and overall improvements in population health.
Risk Burden of Cancer in Patients Treated With Abbreviated Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After PCI: Analysis of Multicenter Controlled High-Bleeding Risk Trials
Authors: Campos Carlos M. , Mehran Roxana , Capodanno Davide , Owen Ruth , Windecker Stephan , Varenne Olivier , Stone Gregg W. , Valgimigli Marco , Hajjar Ludhmila Abrahão , Kalil Filho Roberto , Oldroyd Keith , Morice Marie-Claude , Urban Philip , Abizaid Alexandre
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Oncological patients with coronary artery disease face an elevated risk of hemorrhagic and ischemic events following percutaneous coronary intervention. Despite medical guidelines recommending minimal dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) duration for patients with cancer, dedicated data on abbreviated DAPT in this population is lacking. This study aims to evaluate the occurrence of ischemic and hemorrhagic events in patients with cancer compared with other high-bleeding risk individuals.

METHODS:

Patient-level data from 4 high-bleeding risk coronary drug-eluting stent studies (ONYX One, LEADERS FREE, LEADERS FREE II, and SENIOR trials) treated with short DAPT were analyzed. The comparison focused on patients with high-bleeding risk with and without cancer, assessing 1-year rates of net adverse clinical events (all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularization, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium [BARC] types 3 to 5 bleeding) and major adverse clinical events (all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke).

RESULTS:

A total of 5232 patients were included, of whom 574 individuals had cancer, and 4658 were at high-bleeding risk without previous cancer. Despite being younger with fewer risk factors, patients with cancer had higher net adverse clinical event (HR, 1.25;
P
=0.01) and major adverse clinical event (HR, 1.26;
P
=0.02), primarily driven by all-cause mortality and major bleeding (BARC 3–5), but not myocardial infarction, stroke, stent thrombosis, or repeat revascularization. Cancer was an independent predictor of net adverse clinical event (
P
=0.005), major adverse clinical event (
P
=0.01), and major bleeding (
P
=0.03).

CONCLUSIONS:

The present work is the first report on abbreviated DAPT dedicated to patients with cancer. Cancer is a major marker of adverse outcomes and these events had high lethality. Despite short DAPT, patients with cancer experienced higher rates of major bleeding compared with patients without cancer with high-bleeding risk, which occurred mainly after DAPT discontinuation. These findings reinforce the need for a more detailed and individualized stratification of those patients.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT03344653, NCT01623180, NCT02843633, NCT0284.
Immunoproteasomal Processing of IsoLG-Adducted Proteins Is Essential for Hypertension
Authors: de la Visitación Néstor , Chen Wei , Krishnan Jaya , Van Beusecum Justin P. , Amarnath Venkataraman , Hennen Elizabeth M. , Zhao Shilin , Saleem Mohammad , Ao Mingfang , Dikalov Sergey I. , Dikalova Anna E. , Harrison David G. , Patrick David M.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Hypertension is characterized by CD8
+
(cluster differentiation 8) T cell activation and infiltration into peripheral tissues. CD8
+
T cell activation requires proteasomal processing of antigenic proteins. It has become clear that isoLG (isolevuglandin)-adduced peptides are antigenic in hypertension; however, IsoLGs inhibit the constitutive proteasome. We hypothesized that immunoproteasomal processing of isoLG-adducts is essential for CD8
+
T cell activation and inflammation in hypertension.

METHODS:

IsoLG adduct processing was studied in murine dendritic cells (DCs), endothelial cells (ECs), and B8 fibroblasts. The role of the proteasome and the immunoproteasome in Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced hypertension was studied in
C57BL/6
mice treated with bortezomib or the immunoproteasome inhibitor PR-957 and by studying mice lacking 3 critical immunoproteasome subunits (triple knockout mouse). We also examined hypertension in mice lacking the critical immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 (large multifunctional peptidase 7) specifically in either DCs or ECs.

RESULTS:

We found that oxidant stress increases the presence of isoLG adducts within MHC-I (class I major histocompatibility complex), and immunoproteasome overexpression augments this. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of the immunoproteasome attenuated hypertension and tissue inflammation. Conditional deletion of LMP7 in either DCs or ECs attenuated hypertension and vascular inflammation. Finally, we defined the role of the innate immune receptors STING (stimulator of interferon genes) and TLR7/8 (toll-like receptor 7/8) as drivers of LMP7 expression in ECs.

CONCLUSIONS:

These studies define a previously unknown role of the immunoproteasome in DCs and ECs in CD8
+
T cell activation. The immunoproteasome in DCs and ECs is critical for isoLG-adduct presentation to CD8
+
T cells, and in the endothelium, this guides homing and infiltration of T cells to specific tissues.
Common P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) polymorphisms do not seem to be associated with the risk of rivaroxaban-related bleeding events
Authors: Šimičević Livija , Trkulja Vladimir , Bulum Joško , Vrkić Kirhmajer Majda , Božina Tamara , Ganoci Lana , Slišković Ana Marija , Palić Jozefina
Published: April 2024

Graphical abstract
Highlights
• An evaluation of the association of the common ABCB1 polymorphisms and risk of bleeding in rivaroxaban-treated patients was performed
• The four common ABCB1 polymorphisms did not affect the risk of bleeding in rivaroxaban-treated patients of European descent
• Consistent results were observed based on raw data and fully adjusted data, in the analysis based on the “load” of variant alleles across the four polymorphisms, haplotype-based analysis and analysis based on the combination of genotypes at the investigated polymorphisms
IntroductionConsidering conflicting previous reports, we aimed to evaluate whether the common ABCB1 polymorphisms (rs1128503, rs2032582, rs1045642, rs4148738) affected the risk of bleeding in rivaroxaban-treated patients.
Materials and methodsWe report preliminary data from a larger nested case-control study. Consecutive adults started on rivaroxaban for any indication requiring > 6 months of treatment were followed-up to one year. Patients who experienced major or non-major clinically relevant bleeding during the initial 6 months were considered cases, whereas subjects free of bleeding over > 6 months were controls. The polymorphisms of interest (rs1128503, rs2032582, rs1045642, rs4148738) were in a strong linkage disequilibrium, hence patients were classified regarding the “load” of variant alleles: 0-2, 3-5 or 6-8. The three subsets were balanced regarding a range of demographic, comorbidity, comedication and genetic characteristics. A logistic model was fitted to probability of bleeding.
ResultsThere were 60 cases and 220 controls. Raw proportions of cases were similar across the subsets with increasing number of ABCB1 variant alleles (0-2, N = 85; 3-6, N = 133; 6-8, N = 62): 22.4%, 21.8%, and 19.4%, respectively. Fully adjusted probabilities of bleeding were also similar across the subsets: 22.9%, 27.5% and 17.7%, respectively. No trend was observed (linear, t = -0.63, df = 273, P = 0.529; quadratic, t = -1.10, df = 273, P = 0.272). Of the 15 identified haplotypes, the completely variant (c.1236T_c.2677T(A)_c.3435T_c.2482-2236A) (40.7%) and completely wild-type (C_G_C_G) (39.5%) haplotypes prevailed, and had a closely similar prevalence of cases: 21.1% vs. 23.1%, respectively.
ConclusionsThe evaluated common ABCB1 polymorphisms do not seem to affect the risk of early bleeding in patients started on rivaroxaban.
Quality assurance of add-on testing in plasma samples
Authors: Guiñón Leonor , Martínez-Brú Cecília , Ferrer Rosa , Sospedra María , Illana Francisco J. , García-Osuna Álvaro
Published: April 2024

Graphical abstract
Highlights
• Aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphorus and potassium showed instability in refrigerated primary plasma tubes
• All analytes, except lactate dehydrogenase, remained stable in refrigerated plasma aliquots
• Postanalytical aliquoting extends add-on testing time window for plasma samples
IntroductionClinical laboratories should guarantee sample stability in specific storage conditions for further analysis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of plasma samples under refrigeration for 29 common biochemical analytes usually ordered within an emergency context, in order to determine the maximum allowable period for conducting add-on testing.
Materials and methodsA total of 20 patient samples were collected in lithium heparin tubes without gel separator. All analyses were performed using Alinity systems (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, USA) and samples were stored at 2-8 °C. Measurements were conducted in primary plasma tubes at specific time points up to 48 hours, with an additional stability study in plasma aliquots extending the time storage up to 96 hours. The stability limit was estimated considering the total limit of change criteria.
ResultsOf the 29 studied parameters, 24 demonstrated stabilities within a 48-hour storage period in primary plasma tubes. However, five analytes: aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, inorganic phosphate and potassium evidenced instability at different time points (7.9 hours, 2.7 hours, 2.9 hours, 6.2 hours and 4.7 hours, respectively). The stability study in plasma aliquots showed that all parameters remained stable for 96 hours, except lactate dehydrogenase, with a stability limit of 63 hours.
ConclusionsA reduced stability of primary plasma samples was observed for five common biochemical analytes ordered in an emergency context. To ensure the quality of add-on testing for these samples, plasma aliquots provide stability for a longer period.
CLSI-based verification and de novo establishment of reference intervals for common biochemical assays in Croatian newborns
Authors: Stipanović-Kastelić Jasminka , Kardum Paro Mirjana Mariana , Radeljak Andrea , Perkov Sonja , Friščić Iva
Published: April 2024

Graphical abstract
Highlights
• Referent persons were selected using the direct a posteriori sampling method
• Nineteen most commonly used biochemical assays on Beckman Coulter AU680
• Harmonized reference intervals are suitable for most assays
• De novo reference intervals for potassium, magnesium and direct bilirubin were determined
IntroductionThis study aimed to examine whether the Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) reference intervals for 19 commonly used biochemical assays (potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, inorganic phosphorous, glucose, urea, creatinine, direct and total bilirubin, C-reactive protein (CRP), total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LD)) could be applied to the newborn population of one Croatian clinical hospital.
Materials and methodsReference interval verification was performed according to the CLSI EP28-A3c guidelines. Samples of healthy newborns were selected using the direct a posteriori sampling method and analyzed on the Beckman Coulter AU680 biochemical analyzer. If verification wasn’t satisfactory, further procedure included de novo determination of own reference intervals by analyzing 120 samples of healthy newborns.
ResultsAfter the first set of measurements, 14/19 tested reference intervals were adopted for use: calcium, inorganic phosphorous, glucose, urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, CRP, total protein, albumin, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP and LD. A second set of samples was tested for 5 analytes: potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium and direct bilirubin. The verification results of the additional samples for sodium and chloride were satisfactory, while the results for potassium, magnesium and direct bilirubin remained unsatisfactory and new reference intervals were determined.
ConclusionsThe CALIPER reference intervals can be implemented into routine laboratory and clinical practice for the tested newborn population for most of the analyzed assays, while own reference intervals for potassium, magnesium and direct bilirubin have been determined.
A case report of biclonal immunoglobulin D lambda/lambda multiple myeloma in patient with liver echinococcosis
Authors: Čolak Tomislav , Raguž Fila , Dunđerović Željka , Petrović Josip , Volarić Mile , Ljubić Kristina , Ćuk Ana , Bogut Ante , Mikulić Ivanka , Mikulić Vinka , Prce Andrea
Published: April 2024

Graphical abstract
Highlights
• Patient with IgD lambda multiple myeloma (MM) with anemia and renal failure
• It is necessary to perform serum protein immunofixation with anti-IgD and anti-IgE antisera to avoid misdiagnosis
• IgD lambda and free lambda monoclonal bands were found
Less than 2% of all symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM) has immunoglobulin D (IgD) as monoclonal protein. Biclonal gammopathy is much rarer. At the time of diagnosis, disease is often in advanced stage, including renal failure, anemia, hypercalcemia and lytic bone lesions. Due to the rarity of myeloma itself, but also due to the fact that anti-IgD antisera is not used in routine practice, there are only a few reports of IgD MM described in the literature. This case report describes a patient with IgD lambda MM with anemia and renal failure. Anemia, renal failure, and > 80 percent plasma cells in bone biopsy in our patient with IgD lambda MM meets International Myeloma Working Group criteria for diagnosis of MM. The patient clinical course was similar to other patients with IgD MM. The final result of serum protein immunofixation (s-IFE) showed IgD lambda and free lambda monoclonal bands. To prevent misdiagnosis, it is necessary to use anti-IgD and anti-IgE antisera whenever the serum protein immunofixation with IgA, IgM, IgG, kappa and lambda antiserums shows a kappa or lambda monoclonal band without monoclonal band in heavy chain.
Two cases with discrepancy in the quantitative cytological assessment of cerebrospinal fluid in neonatal samples using light microscopy in comparison with Sysmex XN-1000
Authors: Kukralova Simona , Palatova Jana , Kolduskova Klara , Zenkova Jana , Rajdl Daniel , Racek Jaroslav , Broz Pavel
Published: April 2024

Graphical abstract
Highlights
• Quantitative cytological examination using Sysmex XN-1000 is faster in comparison with the manual technique
• The low required sample volume for analysis using Sysmex XN-1000 can be beneficial, especially in neonatal patients
• The misdiagnosis because of the incorrect differentiation of white blood cells can have negative impact in cases when the sample volume is insufficient and the cytospin slide is not investigated simultaneously
We present two cases from the neonatal department with cerebrospinal fluid examination. We revealed a striking discrepancy in polymorphonuclear (PMN) and mononuclear (MN) cell counts using conventional light microscopy in comparison with automated analyzer Sysmex XN-1000 (PMNs - 13 vs. 173x106/L, MNs - 200 vs. 67x106/L in case 1 and PMNs - 13 vs. 372x106/L, MNs - 411 vs. 179x106/L in case 2). We revealed the dominant presence of hemosiderophages in both cases in cytospin slide. Even though Sysmex XN-1000 offers fast examination with a low sample volume, there is possibility of misdiagnosis, with negative impact on the patient.
Hematological investigations in a case of intravascular hemolysis due to Clostridium perfringens infection
Authors: Bronic Ana , Pavić Marina , Beljan Anamarija , Blagec Viktorija
Published: April 2024

Graphical abstract
Highlights
• In vivo hemolysis due to C. perfringens infection occurred in an extremely short period
• H index allowed monitoring severity of hemolysis and successful managing of samples
• Laboratory procedure to investigate origin of hemolysis and determine C. perfringens as a cause of intravascular hemolysis is presented
A patient presented with fever, severe pain and edematous tight due to hip trauma and was scheduled for urgent fasciotomy. Following physical examination, laboratory analyses were requested, and results revealed anemia and severe infection. As the patient’s condition was serious, a new set of samples was sent to the laboratory four hours later. Following centrifugation, severely hemolyzed dark-colored serum and plasma samples were obtained and in vitro hemolysis was suspected. The collection of samples was repeated, but a new set of samples was also hemolyzed with a significant decrease in the hemoglobin value. At that point, in vivo hemolysis was suspected, and samples were processed according to standard laboratory procedures for hemolytic samples. Following confirmation of the gas gangrene diagnosis by clinicians, the cause of hemolysis was attributed to the cytotoxic activity of α-toxin produced by the anaerobic gram-positive bacterium Clostridium perfringens. An insight into the laboratory procedure that could help to narrow down the causes of hemolysis and single out C. perfringens as a cause of intravascular hemolysis was given.
Latin vowel weakening in phonetic perspective
Authors: LaFond Benjamin T.
Published: April 2024

Classical Latin exhibits vowel alternations in forms like faciō ‘I make’ ~ perficiō ‘I complete,’ factus ‘made’ ~ perfectus ‘completed,’ which are commonly attributed to historical change(s) whereby mid and low short vowels are raised and centralized in non-initial syllables. This pattern of change, known as Latin vowel weakening, has traditionally been understood as vowel reduction resulting from prominent initial stresses in the Archaic period (ca. 500–300 BC). In this article, I propose a revised theory of weakening according to phonetic principles. Rather than reduction alone, weakening is understood as the result of reduction followed by open-syllable tensing in non-initial syllables.
Słownik prasłowiański, T. XI
Authors: Jakubowicz Mariola , Kwoka Tomasz , Pogwizd Szymon , Raszewska-Żurek Beata , Swoboda Paweł
Published: April 2024

Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] is a work which combines features of an etymological dictionary and a study on the comparative history of the Slavic languages. The aim of its authors, who based on source materials from all Slavic languages, is to reconstruct the full lexical resource of the language used by the Slavic peoples immediately before the disintegration of the Proto-Slavic language community into individual languages (c. 7th–8th century AD). The origins of the Dictionary date back to 1954, and its initiator was Tadeusz Lehr-Spławiński. The first eight volumes were prepared under the auspices of the Linguistics Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences at the Department, then the Institute of Slavic Studies (Instytut Słowianoznawstwa, in 1992 renamed as Instytut Slawistyki), Polish Academy of Sciences. They were published in 1974–2001 by the Ossolineum publishing house in a print version (the electronic version is available in the RCIN repository at https://rcin.org.pl/dlibra/publication/6907). Their editor was Franciszek Sławski. After a long break, the Institute of Slavic Studies published Volume 11 of the Dictionary, which contains a part of entries beginning with the letter K: Kǫ–Ky. It was prepared under the National Programme for the Development of Humanities (NPRH, Grant No. 11H 16 0266 84) at the Kraków centre of the Institute. Edited by a team led by Mariola Jakubowicz, this volume is the first one in the series which is published in a small number of print copies and in pdf format, and is also available as a database at https://praslow.ispan.edu.pl. At the same time, all previously used source abbreviations were collected and published in a separate appendix entitled Zintegrowany wykaz skrótów do tomów I–VIII, X i XI [Integrated List of Abbreviations for Volumes 1–8, 10 and 11].
Influencing People’s Populist Attitudes With Rhetoric and Emotions: An Online Experiment in the United States
Authors: Demasi Clark , McCoy Jennifer , Littvay Levente
Published: April 2024

Interest in populist voters has risen with the election of Donald Trump in the United States, the rise of right-wing populist parties in Europe, and the longevity of populist leaders in countries like Italy, Hungary, Turkey, and Venezuela. Yet, little attention has been given to what mechanisms may affect populist attitudes, leaving us without recommendations for media or politicians on how to mitigate populism’s known negative effects. This study investigates one such mechanism—political rhetoric working through emotional states—to determine whether grievances centered on subjective perceptions of injustice and inequities in the system operate through negative emotions to increase populist attitudes, as is often assumed in the literature, and whether an antidote to those perceptions may be found in a sense of solidarity and mutual support. For our analysis, we conducted a nationally representative online survey experiment of 2,006 respondents in the United States in November 2018. Broadly, we find evidence that negative emotional states increase populist attitudes, but positive emotions do not have an impact. Likewise, political rhetoric reinforcing a sense of unfair advantage for some people further increases populist attitudes. Importantly, we find that reducing these negative emotions by emphasizing solidarity can reduce populist attitudes. These findings not only deepen our understanding of the triggers of populism, but also take the first step in building a tested toolbox of strategies to minimize its negative effects.
“You Need to Listen to the Market!”: Making Decisions Through Senses in China’s Largest Cut-Flower Market
Authors: Sun Rui
Published: April 2024

The Dounan flower market can be a “hot and noisy” time and space, which is composed of the engine sound of motor tricycles, the grating of trailers rubbing against the concrete floor, the honks of reversing vehicles, and bargaining, chitchats, provocations, quarrels, and sometimes fighting. A booming market is a market clamoring with noise (auditory sense) and heat (an embodied feeling). In a couple of hours, floral traders deploy their embodied feelings of perception to make decisions on when to close a deal, what is a good price, and how to make bargains. My two ethnographic case studies—“you need to listen to the market” and “feelings of the market” delineate how the senses as a decision-making repertoire inform the everyday economic practices of floral traders in Dounan. At the interface of the sensory and the economic, I explore how rational, economic decisions are embedded into the “irrational,” sensory knowledge. Situated in sensory studies in Asia, this article elaborates the socio-cultural specificities inoculating the sensory knowledge of social agents without ignoring the nuances of how phenomenologically individuals engage in their everyday sensory practices.
Oh India! Pornography, Postcoloniality, Transnational Assemblages
Authors: Roy Ahonaa
Published: April 2024

The essay locates three instances of hypersexual imagery in Indian cinema, casted to adult scenes, deemed equivalent to pornography with particular reference to the logic of transnational global capitalist image. In contrary, the essay also draws the discursive logic of negation of the desiring sex(usual) image of Indian actor, engendered a space of domesticity, Indianness, sexual obscenity, cultural anxiety and moral panic. Thus, this imagination builds into argument, a point of analytical disjuncture, debating sex, gender and sexuality in India that disturbs, subverts and remakes the popular culture driven by the logic of repression/liberation with, bemusing women and national(ist) image to that of the complexity of emerging economic globalization and transnational consumer/capitalist market.
Local Governments’ Capacity to Adapt to Climate Change in Ghana: Evidence From Bongo District
Authors: Tweneboah-Koduah Desmond
Published: April 2024

Global environmental policies require strong local actions to make an impact. However, the capacity for local action and impact are often taken for granted. This paper examines the institutional capacity of the Bongo district assembly to support the livelihood adaptation capacity of rural smallholder farmers. Twenty key informant interviews were done, and five focus group discussions were also conducted in five communities. The paper finds that the local government is too weak to facilitate climate change adaptation at the local level due to four institutional barriers: politics of climate change, barriers relating to centralized planning, limited funding stream, and absence of skilled manpower.
Relevant Leadership for Black Children: Calling All Black Public School Principal Supervisors
Authors: Jones Dr. Patrick Henry
Published: April 2024

This qualitative study aimed to explore the approaches used by Black principal supervisors to professionally develop Black principals in public K–12 settings. Using a phenomenological approach and thematic analysis design, I examined the philosophy and strategies employed by 11 experienced Black principal supervisors in their work to assist Black principals in navigating the U.S. public school system and best ensure the success of their students and staff. Participants were recruited through professional organization networks and participated in virtual one-on-one interviews that were transcribed and analyzed to identify commonalities and challenges in the experiences of Black principal supervisors. Eight themes were identified and appear to be consistent with the literature on principal supervision in alignment with critical race theory and adaptive leadership, each of which helped to guide the study design. Results provide a blueprint for Black school leadership in a way that promotes excellence and transforms schools.
Tongue-Coating Microbial and Metabolic Characteristics in Halitosis
Authors: Zhang Y. , Lo K.L. , Liman A.N. , Feng X.P. , Ye W.
Published: April 2024

Halitosis is a common oral condition, which leads to social embarrassment and affects quality of life. Cumulative evidence has suggested the association of tongue-coating microbiome with the development of intraoral halitosis. The dynamic variations of tongue-coating microbiota and metabolites in halitosis have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the tongue-coating microbial and metabolic characteristics in halitosis subjects without other oral diseases using metagenomics and metabolomics analysis. The participants underwent oral examination, halitosis assessment, and tongue-coating sample collection for the microbiome and metabolome analysis. It was found that the microbiota richness and diversity were significantly elevated in the halitosis group. Furthermore, species from Actinomyces, Prevotella, Veillonella, and Solobacterium were significantly more abundant in the halitosis group. However, the Rothia and Streptococcus species exhibited opposite tendencies. Eleven Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were significantly enriched in the halitosis tongue coatings, including cysteine and methionine metabolism. Functional genes related to sulfur, indole, skatole, and cadaverine metabolic processes (such as serA, metH, metK and dsrAB) were identified to be more abundant in the halitosis samples. The metabolome analysis revealed that indole-3-acetic, ornithine, and L-tryptophan were significantly elevated in the halitosis samples. Furthermore, it was observed that the values of volatile sulfur compounds and indole-3-acetic abundances were positively correlated. The multiomics analysis identified the metagenomic and metabolomic characteristics to differentiate halitosis from healthy individuals using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression and random forest classifier. A total of 19 species and 39 metabolites were identified as features in halitosis patients, which included indole-3-acetic acid, Bacillus altitudinis, Candidatus Saccharibacteria, and Actinomyces species. In conclusion, an evident shift in microbiome and metabolome characteristics was observed in the halitosis tongue coating, which may have a potential etiological significance and provide novel insights into the mechanism for halitosis.
Psychometric Properties of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence for Young Norwegian Children
Authors: Lorås Håvard , Hansen Sandseter Ellen Beate , Storli Lise , Kleppe Rasmus , Barnett Lisa , Sando Ole Johan
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence (PMSC) for young Norwegian children, a scale that is aligned with skills assessed in the Test of Gross Motor Development- Third Edition. We used convenience sampling to recruit 396 Norwegian-speaking children (7–10-year-olds) who completed the PMSC. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed factorial validity for the proposed three-factor model of the PMSC, encompassing measures of self-perceived ball, locomotor, and active play competence. Internal item consistency coefficients of these sub-scales were acceptable, and subsequent measurement invariant analysis found a gender difference such that boys rated their competence higher than girls in running, jumping forward, hitting a ball (racket), kicking, throwing a ball and rope climbing, while girls rated themselves higher, compared to boys, in galloping and skating/blading. Furthermore, there was a slightly better model fit for boys than for girls. Several items were significantly related to children’s age, and the three-factor model exhibited differential age related factor mean differences across older and younger children. Overall, we found the PMSC to have acceptable psychometric properties for confident use in assessing perceived motor competence among 7–10-year-old Norwegian children, though we observed age and gender differences in children’s responses that warrant careful interpretation of results and further research investigation.
Capital Flight: Examining Teachers’ Socioeconomic Status and Early Career Retention
Authors: Brantlinger Andrew , Grant Ashley Anne
Published: April 2024

This article investigates the understudied relationship between teacher socioeconomic status (SES) and retention. Drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of social reproduction and longitudinal data from 378 mathematics teachers, we use logistic regression to examine whether teacher SES, conceptualized and measured in terms of their economic, social, and cultural capital, is associated with their school, district, and professional retention at five years. We find teacher SES to be significantly related to retention at five years, and this is independent of teacher race. Practically, the study suggests that incorporating teacher SES into teacher recruitment and selection efforts, as has been done with teacher race, might be a valuable next step for schools and districts in which teacher retention has been a long-standing, serious issue.
The role of analytical models and their circulation in urban studies and policy
Authors: Cottineau Clémentine , Batty Michael , Benenson Itzhak , Delloye Justin , Hatna Erez , Pumain Denise , Sarkar Somwrita , Tannier Cécile , Ubarevičienė Rūta
Published: April 2024

Cities are so complex that we constantly build models to represent them, understand them and attempt to plan them. Models represent a middle ground between the singular configurations of cities and universal theories. This is what makes them valuable and prone to circulate (between places, institutions and languages) and evolve to adapt to new ideas, local conditions and/or other models. When it comes to analytical urban models (i.e. analytical representations of cities developed to study or simulate part of their structure or dynamics), there is a lack of academic understanding regarding how context and circulation affect their content, use and interpretation. What happens to analytical urban models and their reception during their circulation across geographical and disciplinary boundaries? How have different academic disciplines interacted with, contributed to and been influenced by analytical urban models? What are the consequences of urban models’ mobility for our understanding of cities? In this article, we employ the policy mobilities framework to analyse the circulation of analytical urban models. We use six canonical models as case studies to determine how their assumptions came about and how these models have circulated across different domains of policy and application by using biographical information and model analysis. The first contribution of the article is to demonstrate by example that our hypothesis regarding the influence of context is consistent. We also show that highly transferable/mobile models share common characteristics relating to contingent factors such as their creators’ biographies, institutional context and the traditional markers of power relations.
Integrating Psychological and Theological Perspectives on Multiculturalism, Social Justice, and Peace
Authors: Reed Leah Fortson
Published: April 2024

Research examining the intersection of psychology and theology related to Multiculturalism, Social Justice, and Peace (MSJP) are needed. While some work has been done, this article highlights the value of further interdisciplinary engagement with these concepts. This article provides useful definitions for MSJP from both psychological and theological perspectives, identifies challenges to integration work, and summarizes the articles included in this special issue. Broad themes related to representation, ethnic/racial specific perspectives, development and formation, othering, and models and frameworks were used to organize the summary of articles.
Disentangling the Effects of Cognitive, Affective, and Sociocultural Factors on Risk Information Avoidance: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Ke , Chen Meng
Published: April 2024

Risk information avoidance (RIA) has become an increasingly ubiquitous behavior for people to deal with massive volumes of information. Given its detrimental impact, abundant studies were conducted to explore its antecedents. Nevertheless, the results are scattered and, in some cases, inconsistent. We thereby conducted a meta-analysis to present a synthesis of the current findings by identifying the most relevant antecedents and moderators. Guided by the framework of Planned Risk Information Avoidance, we examined 11 antecedents along cognitive, emotional, and sociocultural dimensions. Based on 52 articles across various contexts, the results indicated that information overload ( r = .30), efficacy belief ( r = −.11), fatalism ( r = .18), information insufficiency ( r = −.09), anxiety ( r = .26), worry ( r = −.08) and information avoiding norms ( r = .50) were significant predictors of RIA. Furthermore, uncertainty avoidance and information type were identified as moderators.
The Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society 70 Years Later: Alive and Kicking
Authors: McCone David , Scott Wilbur , Soeters Joseph
Published: April 2024

This article provides an account of the founding, growth, and success of the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces & Society (IUS), a long-established professional organization for those studying the military and war. How IUS has thrived invites explanation. Two theoretical themes guide our effort: first, the life cycles of organizations literature, and two, a complementary focus on the professional-career life cycles of IUS’s participants. To put together our account, we review articles about IUS’s early days and present oral history interview material from past and present leaders and members. We conclude with suggestions concerning IUS’s future directions.
Remaining useful life prediction of rolling bearings based on performance evaluation and multifractional generalized Cauchy model with adaptive drift
Authors: Wang Zhen , Gao Yan , Song Wanqing , Reza Karimi Hamid , Qi Deyu , Li Ming
Published: April 2024

The proposed Remaining Useful Life (RUL) prediction framework utilizes several advanced techniques to accurately estimate the remaining service life of rolling bearings. The framework includes early failure assessment, adaptive failure threshold (FT) determination, and a multifractional generalized Cauchy model (MfGC). The early failure assessment is enabled by establishing early FTs and health indicator (HI) curves generated by the Mahalanobis distance cumulative sum (MD-CUSUM) technique. The proposed dynamic fault threshold update method uses the BOX-COX transformation and Chebyshev inequality to determine confidence intervals for evaluating the fault threshold time. The multifractional nature of the MfGC process is characterized by independent, time-varying Hurst indices and fractional dimensions, and the long-range dependence (LRD) characteristics and stochasticity of the process are explained by the diffusion terms generated from the MfGC differential time series. The MfGC model with adaptive drift is constructed for various degenerate trajectories, and a method for estimating the model’s parameters is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed RUL prediction method is demonstrated using the XJTU-SY bearing dataset.