Application of phytobioactive ingredients in compound feed of sturgeon fish
Authors: Hamad Hayder Abbas , Lagutkina Lina Yurievna , Martyanov Alexander Sergeevich , Kuzmina Evgeniia Germanovna , Yuldashev Alo Askarovich 
Published: October 2024

A comprehensive assessment of fish-breeding, biological, physiological and biochemical parameters of sterlet is considered when biologically active components from raw materials of motherwort cordial or motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca L., 1753) and Ziziphora tenuior L., 1753, are used in feeding. Sterlet specimens were used as objects (Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758). After 10 days adaptation, the objects were transferred to feed (the experiment lasted 30 days). Individuals were divided into control and two experimental groups, which assumed in addition to diet 1 Leonurus cardiaca – 1% and to diet 2 Ziziphora tenuior – 1%. Studies of the statistical relationship between the values of the measured indicators of the state of the cardiovascular system and the general state of the body established a positive effect on the physiological and biochemical status of fish when including additives. The concentration of total protein increased by 16-42%, hemoglobin increased by 14-44%. Analysis of the cardiosomatic index revealed its decrease relative to the control for the second experimental group by 22%, which confirmed an increase in the cardioprotective function of the supplement and an adaptive effect on the action of low quality feed-deficient protein diet. In the experimental groups, an increase in AST and ALT activity was recorded compared to the control, which led to a significant increase in the de Ritis coefficient - by 39-85%, latters indicates a protein-synthesizing function of the liver and an improvement in the protective and adaptive mechanisms of the body as a whole, which was expressed in more complete absorption of feed nutrients and weight growth by 5-16% with a decrease in feed conversion by 8-22% relative to the control. The presence of falsified feed components on the feed market has necessitated the use of therapy to reduce the risks of the consequences of excessive cardio loading. In the search for solutions to this problem, the development of compound feeds that stabilize the physiological status in the event of risks of disturbances in the functioning of the cardiovascular system, which may occur due to the influence of adverse factors during intensive cultivation, has become relevant. A possible solution to this problem may be the use of cardioprotectors in feed, which will improve the economic and important characteristics of the fish species under study and reduce the likelihood of deterioration and death during cultivation by reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The assessments of changes in the functional state of the heart of valuable fish species obtained during the work made it possible to establish the optimal doses of the introduction of natural cardioprotectors Leonurus cardiaca and Ziziphora tenuior in the composition of the corresponding feed for sterlet in an amount of 1%. The assessments of changes in the functional state of the heart of valuable fish species obtained during the work made it possible to establish the optimal doses of the introduction of natural cardioprotectors Leonurus cardiaca and Ziziphora tenuior in the composition of the corresponding feed for sterlet in an amount of 1%.