bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of personality traits on university performance: Evidence from Italian freshmen students
Authors: Corazzini Luca , D’Arrigo Silvia , Millemaci Emanuele , Navarra Pietro
Published: November 2021

Despite several attempts to provide a definite pattern regarding the effects of personality traits on performance in higher education, the debate over the nature of the relationship is far from being conclusive. The use of different subject pools and sample sizes, as well as the use of identification strategies that either do not adequately account for selection bias or are unable to establish causality between measures of academic performance and noncognitive skills, are possible sources of heterogeneity. This paper investigates the impact of the Big Five traits, as measured before the beginning of the academic year, on the grade point average achieved in the first year after the enrolment, taking advantage of a unique and large dataset from a cohort of Italian students in all undergraduate programs containing detailed information on student and parental characteristics. Relying on a robust strategy to credibly satisfy the conditional independence assumption, we find that higher levels of conscientiousness and openness to experience positively affect student score.
A multi-year science research or engineering experience in high school gives women confidence to continue in the STEM pipeline or seek advancement in other fields: A 20-year longitudinal study
Authors: Hunt Patricia K. , Dong Michelle , Miller Crystal M.
Published: November 2021

There remains a large gender imbalance in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) workforce deriving from a leaky pipeline where women start losing interest and confidence in science and engineering as early as primary school. To address this disparity, the Science Research & Engineering Program (SREP) at Hathaway Brown School was established in 1998 to engage and expose their all-female high school students to STEM fields through an internship-like multi-year research experience at partnering institutions. We compare data from existing Hathaway Brown School SREP alumnae records from 1998–2018 (n = 495) to Non-SREP students and national datasets (National Center for Educational Statistics, National Science Foundation, and US Census data) to assess how SREP participation may influence persistence in the STEM pipeline and whether SREP alumnae attribute differences in these outcomes to the confidence and skill sets they learned from the SREP experience. The results reveal that women who participate in the SREP are more likely to pursue a major in a STEM field and continue on to a STEM occupation compared to non-SREP students, national female averages, and national subsets. Participants attribute their outcomes to an increase in confidence, establishment of technical and professional skills, and other traits strengthened through the SREP experience. These data suggest that implementing similar experiential programs for women in science and engineering at the high school stage could be a promising way to combat the remaining gender gap in STEM fields.
Evolution of industrial diversification and its determinants in West Germany: Evidence from population data of enterprises
Authors: Kublina Sandra , Ali Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Germany is among the largest countries in the world in terms of total GDP, owing largely to rapid industrialization and expansion of economic activities into several sectors. This paper contributes to the literature on German economic development by investigating the evolution of industry diversification in Germany; particularly focusing on the recent concepts of related (RV) and unrelated variety (UV) in West German regions. It also identifies the statistical and economic determinants of variation in variety over time. Among several industry structure measures; RV is the only measure that reveals a pronounced increasing trend. Since RV is composed of two parts: 1) entropy at five-digit within a two-digit classification, and 2) shares of two-digit sectors in total output, we examined which of the two components dominate. Our findings suggest that the entropy component within two-digit sectoral shares of the RV index is more dominant than the two-digit sectoral shares themselves. We further examined entries and exits of the firms among regions with top and bottom rankings in RV. Findings suggest that both the top and bottom regions experienced an increase in the total number of industries, however, exits were much less pronounced in the bottom regions. It suggests that an increase in variety among top regions is the result of the creative destruction type effect where new industries force inefficient old industries to leave the region. Finally, analysis shows support for the inverse u-shaped relationship between development and diversification.
Effects of growth promoting microorganisms on tomato seedlings growing in different media conditions
Authors: Pokluda Robert , Ragasová Lucia , Jurica Miloš , Kalisz Andrzej , Komorowska Monika , Niemiec Marcin , Sekara Agnieszka
Published: November 2021

Plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPM) play vital roles in maintaining crop fitness and soil health in stressed environments. Research have included analysis-based cultivation of soil-microbial-plant relationships to clarify microbiota potential. The goal of the research was to (i) evaluate the symbiotic microorganism effects on tomato seedling fitness under stressed conditions simulating a fragile soil susceptible to degradation; (ii) compare the plant-microbial interactions after inoculation with microbial isolates and fungi-bacteria consortia; (iii) develop an effective crop-microbial network, which improves soil and plant status. The experimental design included non-inoculated treatments with peat and sand at ratios of 50:50, 70:30, 100:0 (v:v), inoculated treatments with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) andAzospirillum brasilense(AZ) using the aforementioned peat:sand ratios; and treatment with peat co-inoculated with AMF andSaccharothrix tamanrassetensis(S). AMF + AZ increased root fresh weight in peat substrate compared to the control (4.4 to 3.3 g plant–1). An increase in shoot fresh weight was detected in the AMF + AZ treatment with a 50:50 peat:sand ratio (10.1 to 8.5 g plant-1). AMF + AZ reduced antioxidant activity (DPPH) (18–34%) in leaves, whereas AMF + S had the highest DPPH in leaves and roots (45%). Total leaf phenolic content was higher in control with a decreased proportion of peat. Peroxidase activity was enhanced in AMF + AZ and AMF + S treatments, except for AMF + AZ in peat. Microscopic root assays revealed the ability of AMF to establish strong fungal-tomato symbiosis; the colonization rate was 78–89%. AMF + AZ accelerated K and Mg accumulation in tomato leaves in treatments reflecting soil stress. To date, there has been no relevant information regarding the successful AMF andSaccharothrixco-inoculation relationship. This study confirmed that AMF + S could increase the P, S, and Fe status of seedlings under high organic C content conditions. The improved tomato growth and nutrient acquisition demonstrated the potential of PGPM colonization under degraded soil conditions.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with dose dense MVAC is associated with improved survival after radical cystectomy compared to other cytotoxic regimens: A tertiary center experience
Authors: Lemiński Artur , Kaczmarek Krystian , Byrski Tomasz , Słojewski Marcin
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has become standard of care for cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer qualified to radical cystectomy, providing a modest increase in 5-year overall survival rate. Several regimens are being employed for neoadjuvant treatment, largely because of their efficacy in metastatic setting. There is however a scarcity of evidence on the optimal cytotoxic regimen for neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Objectives

We evaluated the efficacy of different protocols of neoadjuvant chemotherapy amongst patients who underwent radical cystectomy at our institution.

Methods

This is a single-center, retrospective, observational study including a cohort of 220 patients who underwent radical cystectomy between 2014 and 2020. The neoadjuvant chemotherapy cohort included 79 patients and was compared to the cohort of historical controls including 141 patients operated prior to routine administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and those who opted for upfront surgery.

Results

Administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy decreased the risk of overall and cancer-specific mortality HR = 0.625 (95% CI 0.414–0.944), p = 0.025 and HR = 0.579 (95% CI 0.348–0.964), p = 0.036. Rates of downstaging, complete responses, lymph node metastasis, extravesical extension and positive surgical margins significantly favored neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Out of cytotoxic regimens, dose-dense MVAC and gemcitabine-cisplatin were similarly efficacious providing 46.9% and 50% of downstaging to <ypT2N0 respectively, including 30.6% and 25% of complete remissions. However, only dose-dense MVAC was associated with reduction of all-cause and cancer specific mortality risk HR = 0.385 (95% CI 0.214–0.691) p = 0.001 and HR = 0.336 (95% CI 0.160–0.703), p = 0.004 respectively.

Conclusions

Our study implies that neoadjuvant chemotherapy with subsequent radical cystectomy provides significant improvement over upfront surgery in locoregional control and long-term prognosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The urologic community should strive to maximize utilization of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, yet further research, including randomized control trials, is needed to validate superiority of dose-dense MVAC as the preferred regimen for cisplatin-eligible patients.
A personal perspective on pedagogical structures and strategies that uphold Indigenous ways of knowing
Authors: Nabaggala Justine
Published: November 2021

This article gives a brief background of where I come from and how my experiences in Africa and North America have framed the ‘philosophy of teaching’ that defines me as a visual art educator. I reflect on the postcolonial concept of ‘decolonization’ as a means to identifying possible pedagogical alternatives of practice. Acknowledging that my knowledge embraces both ‘western’ and ‘Indigenous’ ways of knowing, poses a question for me as an art educator about ways to design and implement pedagogies that embrace contextualized experiences in order to achieve meaningful learning within formal education. I conclude by stating that nothing will effect change within Uganda’s education sector, particularly in reference to visual art education and practice, without educators having a firmer grasp of their scholarly standpoint on knowledge and learning. Development of concrete ways of bringing together diverse ontological, epistemological and axiological positions of western and Indigenous knowledge systems as well as art pedagogies to facilitate learning, will require educators to develop structures and strategies that progress from the bottom up in order to benefit from the values, beliefs and ways of knowing within diverse local communities.
Designing filmmaking: Shaping first-year curriculum for transition, progression and effective collaboration
Authors: Holt Jenny
Published: November 2021

This article evaluates a transition intervention project aimed at first-year undergraduate filmmaking students in the Manchester School of Art. In response to recently identified shifts in confidence and resilience linked to an increased rate of withdrawal, a Scholarship of Teaching and Learning research project was undertaken to address the issue and develop a transition strategy to promote engagement, confidence and progression. Research into studies of first-year transition and retention, and an analysis of both the pedagogical context of the course and wider ecology of the discipline, informed a remodelling of the autumn term curriculum with a focus on the first six weeks of study. The research revealed key themes of consequence to first-year curriculum design, including the impact of art and design’s ‘pedagogy of ambiguity’ and the significance of belongingness and community to filmmaking students.
From rivers to reservoirs: Swimmer as psychogeographic cinema
Authors: Brydon Lavinia
Published: November 2021

In Swimmer, Lynne Ramsay makes a compelling case for a British psychogeographic cinema that takes its audience off the nation’s streets and into its waterways. The proposition recalls – but moves beyond – the earlier sensorial explorations of Glasgow’s canals seen/heard/felt in Ramsay's first feature-length film Ratcatcher.
Aproximación al estudio de las diferencias individuales y al diagnóstico de patología dual desde la perspectiva psicológica en niños y adolescentes con Síndrome de Down
Authors: Delgado-Pardo Gracia
Published: November 2021

La cada vez mayor inclusión social, la normalización de contextos y los avances de la investigación han contribuido sobremanera a la mejora de las expectativas de vida y a la participación integral en todos los espacios de la sociedad por parte de las personas con síndrome de Down (SD). Sin embargo, durante décadas la identificación de síntomas psicológicos o psiquiátricos ha resultado una tarea complicada al atribuirse estos como correlatos propios de la discapacidad intelectual. Con este interés, se han revisado las publicaciones científicas desde 1930 hasta 2020, con el propósito de: 1) examinar las investigaciones que, desde la perspectiva de las diferencias individuales, analicen la evolución y los cambios producidos en la concepción del SD y, desde este enfoque, 2) investigar la prevalencia y manifestación clínica de patología dual junto al SD, en población infantil y adolescente. Entre las conclusiones se destaca la necesidad de cambio, por parte de profesionales y familias, para la asunción de la existencia y aceptación del diagnóstico dual que posibilite diagnósticos precoces e intervención psicológica ajustada a esta demanda.
“No hay escuela pública sin wifi”. Escolarizaciones de estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual en tiempos de covid-19 en la región metropolitana de Buenos Aires
Authors: Schwamberger Cintia
Published: November 2021

El COVID-19 expuso las desigualdades educativas y sociales, en general, más específicamente cuando nos referimos a procesos de escolarización de estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual en escuelas de educación especial emplazadas en contextos de pobreza urbana de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. En este informe, mediante un trabajo de investigación cualitativo describimos las prácticas docentes, a través de entrevistas en profundidad, desarrolladas por maestras de apoyo a la inclusión y docentes de escuelas especiales en tiempo de confinamiento. A partir de lo relevado sostenemos que el derecho a la educación de los y las estudiantes con discapacidad dependió exclusivamente de aquello que escuelas y docentes garantizaron por sus propios medios. Los primeros análisis muestran las condiciones materiales precarias en que se desarrolló la escolaridad e impactaron de modo directo en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de los y las estudiantes.
The Ontological Nature of Gender Equality as a Philosophical and Legal Category
Authors: Golovinov Alexander , Golovinova Yulia
Published: November 2021

This publication is aimed at gaining the insight into the concept of "gender equality". The article shows that the growing need for understanding the principle of gender equality at the philosophical and legal level is caused by the trends themselves within the changing legislation. The authors have specified that according to the generally accepted position, gender equality is understood as an absolutely identical   range of opportunities. The participation and presence of both sexes in every area of society is an integral part of the legal equality of men and women. It is noted that value of women is heatedly discussed,  as they are seen as an abnormal group from the point of view of a patriarchal society. All above is ultimately aimed at finding legal constructs that minimize the hierarchy of differences between the genders.
On Development of Methodology of Establishing an Individual Belonging to the Upper Criminal Hierarchy Based on a Pictographic Criminal Writing
Authors: Grachev Michael
Published: November 2021

The article proves the special role of the linguistic examination of tattoos in the process of proving a person's involvement in the organization and management of criminal groups. A semiotic classification of tattoos used by so-called code-bound criminals is proposed. In the course of expert practice, the author was able to establish that in the criminal world, tattoos represent a logical system of postulates and criminal ideas. Therefore, the main thing for an expert linguist should be knowledge of the subculture of the criminal world: thieves' rules of conduct, argot, proverbs and sayings of the criminal community, prison songs, nicknames, the meaning of criminal symbols. It is important to keep in mind that tattooing is a gradual process and reflects the acquired criminal experience.
REPRODUCTIVE MECHANISMS OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE ALTAI TERRITORY
Authors: Cherepanova Maria I. , Safronova Elena Yu. , Ilyushnikov Konstantin K. , Ebeling Evelina O.
Published: November 2021

The relevance of the research proposed in the article is determined by the fact that the reproduction of human capital determines the regional specifics of socio-demographic security. The purpose of the proposed article is to analyze the basic mechanism of crisis reproduction of the population of a typical border region of Russia, to identify the problems of institutionalization in the management of the regional security system. The factors and conditions of mutual determination of the processes of fertility and mortality by the social conditions of the population's existence in the regional society are analyzed. The approach of multivariate analysis of the research data is used, taking into account demographic, socio-psychological indicators. The results of an empirical verification of the concept of integrative social vulnerability are presented. Regional trends of a reduced level of population reproduction in the Altai Territory are described. It is concluded that the results of a comprehensive study of the economic, institutional, social, behavioral features of population reproduction allow not only to identify current trends, but also to suggest ways to optimize them.
PEOPLE AS A COLELCTIVE POLITICAL ACTOR (ON THE EXAMPLE OF TUNISIA)
Authors: Zheltov Viktor V.
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the role of people as a collective actor in the Jasmine Revolution, which occurred in Tunisia at the beginning of 2011. The Tunisian revolution, that had aris-en from collective national sense of dignity and justice, was marked by its spontaneous character. It is shown, that this revolution was related neither to parties nor movements, preparing politically revolutionary renewing of the society. The revolution was guided neither by leaders nor authoritative persons. The program of country transformation also lacked. Taking into account positions of Tunisian scholars, the content of notion “people” and its changeable character, as well as its liberating function, manifesting during political reforms is revealed. Peculiarities of political transit during first months of its post-revolutionary development are analyzed.
Changing Trends of Cirrhotic and Noncirrhotic Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Era of Directly-Acting Antiviral Agents
Authors: Mathur Karan , Mazhar Areej , Patel Milin , Dakhoul Lara , Burney Heather , Liu Hao , Nephew Lauren , Chalasani Naga , deLemos Andrew , Gawrieh Samer
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCTION:

The impact of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) on burden of cirrhotic and noncirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been examined. We assessed recent trends in liver disease etiologies of HCC and proportion of noncirrhotic HCC since DAAs introduction.

METHODS:

Clinical characteristics including presence or absence of underlying cirrhosis were collected from 2,623 patients diagnosed with HCC between 2009 and 2019 at 2 large US centers. Logistic regression was performed to investigate the annual trends of HCC due to different liver diseases and proportions of noncirrhotic cases.

RESULTS:

In the DAA era (2014–2019), annual decline in HCV-HCC (odds ratio [OR] = 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88–0.99, P = 0.019), without change in trends of other liver diseases–related HCC, was observed. Annual increase in noncirrhotic HCC (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.23, P = 0.009) and decline in cirrhotic HCC (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81–0.97, P = 0.009) along with similar trends for HCV-HCC—increase in noncirrhotic cases (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.08–1.69, P = 0.009) and decrease in cirrhotic cases (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86–0.98, P = 0.012)—were observed during the DAA era. Compared with the pre-DAA era, HCC resection rate increased (10.7% vs 14.0%, P = 0.013) whereas liver transplantation rate decreased (15.1% vs 12.0%, P = 0.023) in the DAA era.

DISCUSSION:

Since introduction of DAAs, proportions of cirrhotic HCC have decreased, whereas proportions of noncirrhotic HCC have increased. These new trends were associated with change in utilization of liver resection and transplantation for HCC. The impact of changing patterns of DAA use on these trends will require further study.
Arbeit und Behinderung
Authors: Karim Sarah
Published: November 2021

Wie wir arbeiten, beeinflusst in hohem Maße, wie wir uns selbst als Subjekte verstehen. Das gilt auch für Menschen mit Lernschwierigkeiten, die meist in Werkstätten oder Inklusionsbetrieben beschäftigt sind. Sarah Karims ethnografische Studie untersucht im Anschluss an die soziologischen Disability Studies sowie an Subjektivierungs- und Praxistheorien, wie Arbeitspraktiken das Handeln und Selbstverständnis der Beschäftigten beeinflussen. Anschaulich wird herausgearbeitet, dass Menschen mit Lernschwierigkeiten einem ambivalenten Umgang am Arbeitsplatz ausgesetzt sind. Dabei entwickeln sie eigenwillige und kreative Praktiken, um mit den Herausforderungen von Verbesonderung und Inklusion umzugehen.
Kompromisslose Räume
Authors: Mehnert Carolin
Published: November 2021

Rassismus und Raum bedingen sich gegenseitig. (Neo-)Rassismus bedient sich raumtheoretischer Konzeptionen, um sich selbst zu konstituieren und zu legitimieren. Carolin Mehnert greift diese bisher kaum beachtete Korrelation auf, um ein relationales und reziprokes Raumverständnis als anti-rassistische Denk-, Sprech- und Handlungsweise gegen eine absolutistische Containerraum-Vorstellung produktiv zu machen. Wieso braucht Rassismus, um an sein konsequentes Ende zu gelangen, nicht nur ein biologistisch-naturalisierendes Moment, sondern gleichermaßen eine Verortung in einem absoluten und eindeutig geographisch zu fassenden Raum?
Medien und Techniken der Wahrheit
Authors: Fleckstein Anne
Published: November 2021

Wahrheitskommissionen sind ein zentrales Instrument zur Aufarbeitung vergangener Menschenrechtsverletzungen. Die südafrikanische Truth and Reconciliation Commission von 1996 bis 2002 gilt weltweit als einflussreiches Transitional-Justice-Modell. Anne Fleckstein untersucht, welche operativen Verfahren der Kommission an der Zusammensetzung, Autorisierung und Tradierung von »Wahrheiten« mitwirkten und auf welche Weise sie eine neue politische Macht einsetzten und festigten. Sie spürt damit den medien- und kulturtechnischen Bedingungen von politischen Übergangsprozessen und -ordnungen nach. Im Fokus stehen zentrale Techniken wie Bezeugen, Wahrsprechen, Übersetzen und Fürsprechen sowie Medien wie Formulare, Protokolle und Datenbanken.
Das Regieren der Favela
Authors: Lanz Stephan
Published: November 2021

Wie trotzen Rio de Janeiros selbstgebaute Favelas ihrer Verbannung aus der offiziellen Stadt? Wie begegnen sie der Gewaltherrschaft der Drogengangs, Milizen und Militärpolizei? Kann sich ihre Jugend mit Baile-Funk-Tänzen und Hip-Hop-Lyrics die urbane Bürgerschaft erkämpfen oder verwandelt gar die Pfingstbewegung die Favela in eine Stadt Gottes? Stephan Lanz geht diesen Fragen zu Rios sozialräumlichen Peripherien anhand des foucaultschen Begriffs des Regierens nach, der jenseits des Politischen auch kulturelle und religiöse Praktiken erfasst. Nicht zuletzt zeigt er damit einige blinde Flecken der westlichen Stadtforschung bezogen auf urbane Realitäten im Globalen Süden auf.
Narco-Rap
Authors: Goßen Christiane M.
Published: November 2021

Der mexikanische Narco-Rap entstand im Jahr 2008 innerhalb des Drogenkriegs in den Städten entlang der US-amerikanischen Grenze. Er dokumentiert die bewaffneten Auseinandersetzungen, welche die Grenzstädte fast täglich erschüttern. Gleichzeitig wird er vom organisierten Verbrechen zu Propagandazwecken instrumentalisiert, wodurch er sich von anderen Rap-Genres abhebt. Christiane M. Goßen zeigt, wie durch diese Instrumentalisierung im Narco-Rap aus einer ungewöhnlichen Perspektive soziale und existenzielle Räume, Imaginarien und urbane Identitäten inklusive bestimmter Rollenerfüllungen (re-)präsentiert werden. Damit bietet ihre Studie einen Einblick in die Bedeutung der Drogenkriminalität für das Leben in den Grenzstädten Mexikos.
PERFIL MATERNO- INFANTIL DE RECÉM-NASCIDOS PRÉ –TERMO NO ESTADO DA BAHIA
Authors: Lima Rocha Cleia , Rodrigues Roquenei da Purificação , Menezes Leonardo Mendes , Lopes Paloma Silva
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil materno-infantil de recém-nascidos prematuros no estado da Bahia. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo, baseados nas informações de nascidos vivos, no estado da Bahia, no período de 2008 a 2018, por meio do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos – SINASC. Resultados: Houve um total de 212.720 nascimentos de recém-nascidos pré-termos, com maior prevalência para os prematuros entre 32 e 36 semanas de gestação, de mães com idade entre 15 a 24 anos, solteiras e com grau de instrução menor que 11 anos de estudo. A maioria dos recém-nascidos menores de 22 semanas de gestação tiverem entre 1 e 3 consultas pré-natais e os demais prematuros receberam entre 4 e 6 consultas, predominando o parto vaginal, com a maioria dos recém-nascidos sendo do sexo masculino, pretos e pardos, pesando menos de 2.500 Kg. Os recém-nascidos com maior grau de prematuridade apresentam valores menores de Apgar. E apenas uma parcela pequena dos prematuros uma parcela pequena dos prematuros apresentou anomalias genéticas. Conclusão:  A identificação dos fatores de risco de nascimentos prematuros permite a realização de educação em saúde, planejamento familiar e pré-natal de qualidade, visando evitar ocorrência desses partos e propiciar que os recém-nascidos sobrevivam com maior qualidade de vida.
¿Seguimos educando? El programa oficial de educación durante la pandemia y sus efectos en un contexto de segregación educativa
Authors: Anderete Schwal Mariano
Published: November 2021

Este artículo analiza el programa Seguimos Educando, desarrollado por el Ministerio de Educación de Argentina como propuesta de continuidad educativa ante el contexto de aislamiento obligatorio por Covid-19. Se analiza su aplicación a partir de su normativa y sus efectos en términos de segregación educativa. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo, utilizando un método cualitativo, a partir de entrevistas a docentes del nivel primario de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, a quienes se les propuso dicha herramienta educativa en un contexto de desigualdad. Los resultados del trabajo indican que en la ciudad estudiada la brecha digital, las desigualdades en el capital económico de las familias, y las distintas estrategias educativas adoptadas por los docentes significan un límite al programa propuesto por el gobierno nacional, el cual no registró una aplicación efectiva en los docentes entrevistados. Asimismo, se evidencia una extensión de la segregación educativa en el plano virtual.
La relación entre los enfoques didácticos y la condición social de los estudiantes. Un problema clave en el debate educativo actual
Authors: Feldman  Daniel , Gori Agustín , Diuk  Beatriz
Published: November 2021

Desde hace varios años en América Latina aumentaron las preocupaciones en torno a la desigualdad y a la exclusión educativa que ella provoca. Los efectos positivos de distintas políticas destinadas a garantizar la inclusión educativa no ocultan el hecho de que todavía las dificultades que enfrentan los niños y las niñas provenientes de sectores populares continúan siendo muy importantes. En este trabajo se proponen algunas reflexiones sobre este problema centradas, principalmente, en las propuestas didácticas para el nivel primario en Argentina. Basada en la clásica distinción entre pedagogías «visibles e invisibles» la exposición está apoya en tres afirmaciones: En primer lugar, es necesario poner en cuestión la idea de que el enfoque didáctico que se adopte es neutral con relación a la condición social de los estudiantes. En segundo término, es necesario prestar atención a un amplio cuerpo de evidencia internacional que apoya las ventajas de la instrucción directa frente a los enfoques didácticos «centrados en el estudiante» o «exploratorios». Por último, es necesario revisar el supuesto de que, dada la supuesta neutralidad de los enfoques didácticos, el acceso a los beneficios de una buena enseñanza depende de compensar posibles déficits, por ejemplo, de «capital cultural»
Escuela, trabajo y desigualdad en la era digital. Claves desde la formación de oficios digitales a sectores desaventajados
Authors: Tobeña Maria
Published: November 2021

La educación escolarizada es un dispositivo moderno que parte del diálogo con una época casi extinguida. La escuela secundaria, además, surge como una institución selectiva, destinada solo para algunos. En la Argentina los sectores populares pudieron acceder a este nivel incorporándose a circuitos de escolarización técnica, concebidos especialmente para ellos. Esta diferenciación se basa en la jerarquización de los saberes realizada por la modernidad, que distinguió teoría y práctica, destrezas intelectuales y manuales. La crítica a este modelo es de larga data, pero es con los profundos cambios epistemológicos, culturales y tecnológicos que conlleva la era digital que existe mayor consenso para repensar dicho proyecto formativo. En este marco han surgido una serie de ofertas de formación en oficios digitales orientadas a jóvenes de barrios populares que parecen refutar la tesis del capital cultural de origen trazadas por la sociología crítica hace medio siglo para la escuela. Este trabajo se propone auscultar dichas ofertas a la luz de ejes escolares que hoy están siendo revisados (uso de las TIC, propuesta pedagógica, relación con el conocimiento) para aportar evidencia que problematice el carácter epistemológico-pedagógico en el que se cifra la desigualdad que produce y reproduce la escuela.
Convergence médiatique et visibilité numérique vaticane : le développement de Vatican News
Authors: Anzelmo Angela
Published: November 2021

Depuis la fin des années 1990, l’Église catholique s’est emparée des dispositifs numériques pour transmettre un message politico-religieux d’une modernité nécessaire pour communiquer et demeurer visible à l’heure des hypermédias. Une avancée communicationnelle se dessine depuis 2018, notamment par la convergence médiatique de ce qui constituait précédemment un appareil communicationnel numérique fractionné, voire divisé, dans lequel les entités médiatiques du Dicastère pour la communication se juxtaposaient. Or à la lumière de la pensée d’Henri Jenkins, quelle(s) conséquence(s) engendre la convergence médiatique en termes de décloisonnement des publics et, a fortiori, de visibilité institutionnelle ? Quelles valeurs médiatiques le web 2.0 introduit-il pour les processus de traduction des discours institutionnels d’une communauté à l’autre ? Cette contribution se propose de répondre à ces questions en étudiant les moyens investis pour permettre à l’Église catholique de gagner en efficacité communicationnelle depuis les trois dernières années.
La Bible audio dans l’espace numérique
Authors: Mbassi Cyprien
Published: November 2021

La reproduction vocale des Écritures chrétiennes dans l'espace numérique implique des enjeux significatifs qu’il convient d’aborder. Les mutations qui en résultent sont évoquées, de même que le débat autour de leur pertinence. Deux principaux paramètres balisent cette réflexion : le potentiel poussé de l'outil digital en termes de communication adaptée, et le souci de préserver la sacralité du texte biblique dont la portée est au-delà d’une simple vulgarisation dans un environnement digital où s’entremêlent des données de toutes natures.
Development of the State System of Territorial Complex Management
Authors: Medvedeva Natalia V. , Rogach Olga V. , Frolova Elena V. , Havanova Natalia Vladimirovna , Rozhdestvenskaya Irina Andreevna
Published: November 2021

Russia is currently at a fork in its economic trajectory. In this regard, issues of territorial development are particularly relevant in the country’s transition to investment-type economic growth. The investment process is the main subject of technical analysis, quality control and regulation at the state and regional levels of management. The purpose of the article is to identify the relationship between such regional characteristics as the state of the investment climate, investment attractiveness, socio-economic situation, index of physical volume of investment in fixed assets based on the analysis of state policy in the field of territorial development. The research used methods of comparative, statistical and system analysis, deduction and induction, generalization, and theoretical modeling. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the state actively supports regions – growth points where special economic zones and territories of advanced development are created, but at the same time, there is an active state support for regions with a low level of socio-economic development. A study of the basic characteristics of the investment development of the Russian regions showed that those regions in which there is a favorable investment climate tend to have high investment attractiveness. However, there is no direct correlation between the level of socio-economic development of the region and the state of its investment climate. Therefore, in order to increase the investment attractiveness of Russian regions, it is necessary to create such macroeconomic goals for Sevastopol that will help to intensify the results of investment processes, remove various bureaucratic barriers for investors in the region, develop tools for the coordinated use of territories, and actively develop interregional cooperation.
Prospects of Small Business Development in Russian Distribution Sector in the Context of Development of Communication Technology and Trade and Information Globalisation
Authors: Ramazanov Ibragim Agayevich , Panasenko Svetlana Viktorovna , Cheglov Vyacheslav Petrovich , Krasil’nikova Elena Anatol’evna
Published: November 2021

The paper outlines research findings concerning the aspects and impact of the global environment for small, micro, individual, and family businesses and the self-employed engaged in the distribution sector. It also explores the potential of the information and communications sector for their online transformation. These findings allow the conclusion that internal and global information and communications resources combined with digital tools help to create conditions for a successful online transformation of small, micro, individual, and family businesses and the self-employed in the distribution sector on single digital platforms. This online transformation would help them avoid a direct competitive fight with major retail chains enjoying meaningful advantages in the online environment. One of the successful directions of online transformation for small, micro, individual, and family businesses and the self-employed in the distribution sector is the C2C market operating on global digital platforms.
A Modified Wellner’s based Binarization on Ancient Malayalam Documents
Authors: Nair B.J. Bipin , S. Yadhukrishnan , A.M. Akarsh , Anand T Nakul S , Sasikumar Pravin
Published: November 2021

Preservation of precious knowledge present in Malayalam literature is a tedious task because of the presence of a huge amount of degradations in historical documents. One way to save these documents is to enhance the Malayalam manuscripts and storing them electronically. Here we are using historical Malayalam documents like poems, agreement copies and palm leaves as experimental dataset. In our proposed work is a novel binarization model which is based on modified Wellner’s algorithm. The degraded input image is converted into an integral image and then a modified version of Wellner’s algorithm is applied to it. This would enable us to enhance the document and further proceed with remaining phases of OCR. In binarization mainly we are focusing on the challenges from degraded documents like Non-uniform Background Illumination, Stains, bleed through etc. In our work we are developing a model which effectively binarizes the degraded Malayalam documents, especially the challenges like oil stain, smudge, and uneven illuminations. Finally, we will be able to validate and check the accuracy of the proposed model effectively. The proposed algorithm yielded an accuracy of 92%.
Development and Standardization of the Emotional Intelligence Scale for Insurance Sector Employees
Authors: Avadhani Vidya D , Menon Dr. Rethy B
Published: November 2021

Employee performance and their success are not just dependent on their educational qualification, experience and academic knowledge. Today we need employees who can manage the adverse situations, communicate and convenience the surrounding in a better way for that they need Emotional Intelligence (EI). It implies the potentiality to recognise one’s own and others emotions, oversee and motivate them in the correct way. This particular study included 300 employees of Private Insurance sector. Investigators have prepared EI tool having nine contributory factors. The research intention behind the study was to standardise the Emotional Intelligence tool by ensuring its reliability and validity of it. Reliability test was conducted using Cronbach’s alpha for constructs of emotional intelligence and results showed 0.81 and in composite reliability, all the factors of EI such as self-control, trustworthiness, conflict handling, adaptability, self-confidence, creativity, emotional awareness, conscientiousness and empathy was found to be more than 0.7. The tool was validated by using construct and content validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.
Enhancing Competitiveness of Insurance Companies after Vietnam Enter New FTA
Authors: Dat Nguyen Van , Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc
Published: November 2021

During globalization there are many opportunities for Vietnam employee in many sectors including banking, insurance and others, hence Vietnam employee can be guaranteed with working conditions from new FTA or EVFTA agreement in which there is trade development promotion between EU and Vietnam to create sustainable employment for officers following ILO - Intl. Labor Organization basic conventions. Hence, insurance companies in Vietnam will have more opportunities to increase sales and revenues for insurance services and products that connect with the increasing trend of commercial transactions and trading across border and between nations. Beside, our past researches also indicate that risk level of insurance firms will depend on many factors such as financial leverage, competitor size, tax rate, etc. We also recognized that risk of these companies might increase together with increase in tax rates, so we might suggest proper tax rates to reduce risk. Till the end, authors give out proposed recommendations. For instance, we need supporting policies to expand insurance market and products for agriculture, seafood and exporting credit, etc.
Can the Risk Management Implementation Intensify the Internal Auditor Expertise Finding Risk in Local Government?
Authors: Atmanegara Agung Wahyudhi , . Erlina , Muda Iskandar , Adnans Abdhy Aulia
Published: November 2021

Many cases of fraud in the form of corruption and bribery are findings of external examinations. It shows internal supervision is not sufficient. The internal supervision of companies and local governments have not been able to detect fraud. In this study, we suspect the internal auditors' workload, which makes their ability to detect fraud poor. If the company or local government has implemented risk management, the workload will not be as heavy as if it has not implemented risk management. The company and local government can apply a Risk-based internal audit if they have implemented risk management. Based on this explanation, conclude that finding auditor expertise of the fraud is influenced by workload, the implementation of risk management, and risk-based internal controls. The population of this research is the internal auditors of the provincial government of North Sumatra. This study uses primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to the research sample. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis with the help of PLS applications. The findings showed that risk management application and risk-based supervision audit has a significant effect on detecting fraud and the workload is not affect to the ability to detect of fraud finding. The interviews with several informants concluded that if they have implemented risk management and risk-based internal audits, the internal auditors will not have a high workload. Because since the beginning, it has been identified which activities have an increased risk.
Pseudo Computed Tomography Image Generation from Brain Magnetic Resonance Image for Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning Using DCNN-UNET
Authors: S. Sreeja , D. Muhammad Noorul Mubarak
Published: November 2021

Relative to Computed Tomography (CT), the increased soft tissue contrasts of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) makes it a suitable imaging method to decide radiation therapy (RT). When MRI scans are used for therapy planning, a CT scan is still required for dosage calculation and x-ray-based patient placement. This raises workload, leads to incertitude owing to the requisite of image registration inter-modality and requires needless irradiation. Even though it would be advantageous to only use MR images, a way of estimating a pseudo-CT (pCT) must be used to generate electron density mapping and patient reference imagery. So, this paper brings an effective deep learning model to generate synthesized CT from MRI images using the following steps; a) data acquisition where CT and MRI scan images are collected, b) preprocessing of images to avoid the anomalies and noises using techniques like outlier elimination, data smoothening and data normalizing, c) feature extraction and selection using Principle Component Analysis (PCA) & regression method, d) generating pCT from MRI using Deep Convolutional Neural Network and UNET (DCNN-UNET). Further, we assessed metrics such as DC, SSIM, MAE and MSE for this model. However, our suggested model outperforms with an accuracy of 95%.
Factors to Enhance Tourist’s Ecotourism Loyalty, an Empirical Study in Viet Nam
Authors: Hoang Sinh Duc , Tučková Zuzana , Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc , Pham Tien Phat
Published: November 2021

In order to fulfill the gaps in the literature, this research aims to develop and test a model for tourist's ecotourism loyalty and eWOM. This research is different from the previous research since the research model integrates the expectation confirmation theory and the theory of planned behavior. Accordingly, this study contributes to the literature by creating the possibility to explore how tourist's ecotourism loyalty and eWOM are greatly influenced by tourism experience, which aligns with previous research findings. This research will emphasize the tourist's ecotourism satisfaction and personal behavior intentions. Therefore, this study is the first of its kind to the study's theoretical contribution through a model to enhance understanding of tourist's ecotourism loyalty and eWOM in Vietnam. The research findings tell us that developing entertainment services, fun learning, and emotional experience influenced tourists' ecotourism loyalty and eWOM in Vietnam. The government agencies and ecotourism managers should also emphasize these factors when implementing strategies and policies to enhance ecotourism.
Incorporate Computer Vision Technology into Mobile Application to Facilitate the Movement of Visually Impaired
Authors: Meng Chai Hong , Chong Mien May , Ramachandiran Chandra Reka
Published: November 2021

In 2021, visually impairment is still a serious problem in the world and there are no immediate and efficient ways of solving it. Hence, the purpose of this project is to develop a mobile application that act as a visual aid tool for the visually impaired people. Based on research, visually impaired people tend to depend other senses, for example, touching and listening to gather sufficient information for them to identify environment they are in and understand objects that are around them. Therefore, the opportunity is taken to conduct a research based on the purpose of this project, in order to improve accuracy of senses for human by using computer vision technology, helping visually impaired user to recognize and identify objects, texts and colours through mobile camera and transforming the information into auditory signal. Surveys and interviews were conducted on this project to identify and analyse the utility of the proposed technologies and application for normal and visually impaired users. Research findings indicate that the proposed application has the potential to improve the lives of people with visual impairments, and eliminate traditional unsafe practices.
Analysis of Nonperforming Debts' Impact on Profitability and Liquidity of Some Iraqi Commercial Banks for the Period between 2011-2018
Authors: Saleh Ahmed Fadhil , Rashid Ahmed Mushrif , Jasim Sinan Raheem
Published: November 2021

In the banking world, the non-performing debts are considering one of the main critical that have almost all commercial banks attention. Hence, this study aimed to know the impact of non-performing loans on profitability and liquidity of commercial banks, where it has found a fundamental impact on its various profitability activities such as return on equity assets. The study was conducted on a group of the Iraqi commercial banks, 10 banks, for the period (2011-2018), and panel data models were used to analyze and demonstrate the impact of non-performing bank loans on profitability, return on equity (shareholders ’equity), and return on assets. In return, the study did not find such an impact of liquidity size because it determines by monetary authority represented by Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) and it related significantly to loans, the higher the proportion of loans the greater the proportion of its reserves.