bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE LANGUAGE POLICY IN TURKIC STATES AND COMMUNITIES
Authors:   Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences,  Nesimi Institute of Linguistics, Ibrahimov Elchin
Published: September 2021

The history of the language policy of the Turks begins with the work Divanu lugat at-turk, written by Mahmud Kashgari in the 11th century. Despite the fact that the XI-XVII centuries were a mixed period for the language policy of the Turkic states and communities, it contained many guiding and important questions for subsequent stages. Issues of language policy, originating from the work of Kashgari, continued with the publication in 1277 of the first order in the Turkic language by Mehmet-bey Karamanoglu, who is one of the most prominent figures in Anatolian Turkic history, and culminated in the creation of the impeccable work Divan in the Turkic language by the great Azerbaijani poet Imadaddin Nasimi who lived in the late XIV - early XV centuries. Later, the great Uzbek poet of the 15th century, Alisher Navoi, improved the Turkic language both culturally and literally, putting it on a par with the two most influential languages of that time, Arabic and Persian. The appeal to the Turkic language and the revival of the Turkic language in literature before Alisher Navoi, the emergence of the Turkic language, both in Azerbaijan and in Anatolia and Central Asia, as well as in the works of I. Nasimi, G. Burkhanaddin, Y. Emre, Mevlana, made this the language of the common literary language of the Turkic tribes: Uzbeks, Kazakhs-Kyrgyz, Turkmens of Central Asia, Idil-Ural Turks, Uighurs, Karakhanids, Khorezmians and Kashgharts. This situation continued until the 19th century. This article highlights the history of the language policy of the Turkic states and communities.
Information about the Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation «Modern problems of the university psychological service in new realities»
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Makarova Irina V. , Zhdanova Svetlana Yu. ,   Perm State University, Buzina Tatyana S. ,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Yudina Tatyana O. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Kulygina Maya A. ,   Psychologist of the Medical and Psychological Center, Moscow State Institute of International Relations
Published: September 2021

Modern Russian Universities face a new type of educational, educational and psychological problems related to inclusive education, multiculturalism of the student population, and a high level of heterogeneity in the cognitive and social development of the younger generation. All this forms a powerful social demand for the development of the psychological service of education. The new socio-cultural situation of development of the young generation poses a new problems of psychological support of the educational system, which are reflected in the deliberations and discussions held in the framework of all-Russian scientific-practical conference with international participation «Actual problems of psychological service of the University in the new reality», which took place on 25–26 September 2020 in an online format. During the conference, the following issues were discussed: socio-psychological aspects of modern education, health protection of students, the specifics of the work of psychological services of universities and psychosocial aspects of distance learning at a university in a pandemic. As a result of the conference, it was proposed: to disseminate and implement the positive results of the activities of psychological services in the field of mental health protection among domestic universities; promote the creation of a common Internet space for the exchange of experience between psychological services of educational organizations; to develop a number of methodological recommendations on the specifics of teaching in conditions of distance learning for the teaching staff.
The human and the technical world: the ecological vector of philosophical comprehension
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State Institute of Culture and Arts, Neveleva Vera S. , Solomko Dmitry V. ,   South Ural State University (National Research University)
Published: September 2021

Under technicalization of practically all aspects of a person’s life and the vital world, the ecology of a person’s direct experience of their relations with all elements of the world is a problem both in the real existence of modern man and in theoretical knowledge about him. The article presents the experience of philosophical reflection necessary for finding the optimal way to solve a number of fundamental issues that have become relevant again: How is a person possible in a technical world? What is the general (i.e. philosophical — as a general level of understanding) basis of human relations with the technicalized world? How is knowledge about man possible and what should it be like in the new conditions of the technical world? A person in the technical world is possible as a person, so it is necessary to develop and strengthen the ecological way of their relations, to preserve / reproduce them as relations between the natural and the artificial, the «living» and the «nonliving». The ecological approach is based on the logic of the inter-proportionality of man and the world, on maintaining proportionality, correlating the possibilities of full reproduction and development of each of the «origins» — the human and the technical — in their orientation towards each other. It is based on the principle of optimality in relations between the parties, when there are created the best opportunities for development and realization of each of the parties’ internal potential. The ecological approach has a methodological significance in theoretical and practical senses: it can be considered both as an approach in theoretical research and as an approach to organizing and implementing practical relations of a person with the technical world.
Cities of Mordovia: identity in media discourse
Authors:   Scientific Center of Social-Economic Monitoring State Institution, Pakshina Iraida A. , Rus’kina Elena S. ,   Scientific Center of Social-Economic Monitoring State Institution
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, the city with its unique local and historical features is placed into the focus of the modern urban media. Media text verbalizes the results of a person’s subjective perception of the surrounding urban space and represents the identity of the city. The purpose of this article is to identify the representation of the «urban identity» concept in the media of the Republic of Mordovia — both in city and republican newspapers and social networks. The authors conducted content analysis of the articles published in city newspapers and the comments to the posts of local Internet communities regarding their ideas about the city. Analysis of the print media deduced that the municipal authorities realize the urgency of the urban identity formation under the competition for human, informational and economic resources. The editorial boards of newspapers do a lot to create a positive image of the city. Local urban Internet communities, which has recently appeared in the regional media space, have a powerful influence on public opinion. Their communication is built mainly around the private problems of everyday urban life and is accompanied by negative evaluation of those. It was established that active discussion of problems leads to active post-discussion, post-provocation, post-hype, post-photography, post – criticism of the authorities, post – dialogue with a representative of the authorities, post – question and post-game. There is an asymmetry in the representation of the city image created, on the one hand, by the print media, and, on the other hand, by the participants in the Internet communities. The study identified the markers that can be significant for the citizens. It also detected the dependence of the construction of the Mordovia’s cities identity and its representation and the communicative practices of the urban population.
Definitions of scientific and semiscientific concepts in philosophy through the example of the «innateness» concept
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bulov Ilya Yu.
Published: September 2021

In this article, the author tries to find the best strategy of defining scientific and semiscientific concepts in philosophy. In the first part of the article, the main types of definitions are analyzed. The author dived into the details of each of them and found explicative and ameliorative definitions to be best suited for scientific and semiscientific concepts. The ameliorative method, however, appears to be slightly more preferable because it provides us with more theoretical tools for philosophical analysis. The second part of the article demonstrates the advantages of the ameliorative method using the «innateness» concept as an example. The author has chosen «innateness» because it has plenty of various definitions in science and philosophy today. If such a complex case can be solved with the ameliorative method, then we may conclude that this method is productive. The author found the ameliorative analysis of «innateness» to be a rather fruitful method of work with the mentioned concept. Therefore, the ameliorative approach to formulating definitions is concluded to be the most appropriate for philosophers and scholars when working with scientific and semiscientific concepts.
Alienated nature of human essence as the main content of the civilization crisis
Authors:   Perm State University, Melnikov Viktor O.
Published: September 2021

The crisis state of the modern capitalist, global, ‘liquid’, neoliberal, etc. society (i.e. modern civilization) can be expressed in various aspects: economic, geopolitical, ecological, social-class, etc. However, all these aspects are only external manifestations, phenomena of a more fundamental problem — the crisis of human essence or, more specifically, its alienated nature. There are various approaches to understanding the human and its essence in modern philosophical literature. In this article, the author considers one of the versions of the Marxist representation of this subject, according to which the essence of the human is manifested in the mode of its existence, i.e. self-development through the transformation of all forms of matter. This method of the human’s production of its own life can be expressed in the form of a hierarchical structure of its essential attributes or forces. Such a plan of human essence is an abstract scheme that is modified in accordance with the concrete historical conditions of human existence, filling it with new content each time. Since the emergence of private property, classes and the state, the model of social development has been such that society as a whole develops due to the degradation of its individual members. This reaches its climax today, when the alienation of human from its generic essence, from its actual mode of existence turns it into a partial and one-dimensional. This process is understood by the authors as a crisis one since, apparently, it reveals a certain limit beyond which there takes place either the transition to a new model, where the development of each is a condition for the development of all, or — stagnation and destruction of the entire system.
Theism and atheism: epistemological identity in difference
Authors:   Perm State University, Porosenkov Sergey V. , Shishkina Maria K. ,   Perm State University
Published: September 2021

The epistemological study of the features of theistic and atheistic thinking outside the axiological and cultural-historical opposition of the corresponding worldview positions reveals the interaction and moments of identity of theism and atheism. The principle of academic objectivism minimizes the axiological dependence of the oppositions of theism and atheism. In the epistemological aspect, it allows for determining the interreliance between theism and atheism, identical anthropomorphic cognitive components in theistic and atheistic thinking, identical development of the oppositions of the general and singular to the extent of the original concepts of theistic and atheistic explanations of the world. The man’s existential demand for the certainty of absolute being also leads to a similar process of rational expression of the theism and atheism principles. In this expression, a significant role is played by symbols that form the semantic field of rationalization of these principles. The moments of epistemological coincidence of the theism and atheism identity allow us to draw a conclusion about the possibility of positive productive interaction between the subjects of virtual communication on the Internet and global interaction of cultures. Moreover, the rapidly increasing religiosity in Russia after the era of atheization is largely explained by the epistemological components of the identity and coincidence of theism and atheism. Epistemological features of theistic and atheistic thinking in the aspect of their relationship allow us to reconcile different worldview positions of the educational process subjects, especially the teaching of social disciplines and humanities.
Problems of using mediation technologies in educational organizations: experience of the Sverdlovsk region
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Krestyanova Lubov S. , Ershova Anastasiya V. ,   Ministry of education and youth policy of the Sverdlovsk region
Published: September 2021

Conflicts in educational organizations are imminent. They are specific because of the age of participants of conflicts. They are in a special social group with special management tools. These conflicts are complex and multidimensional. Mediation technologies are being introduced in educational organizations to manage conflicts. There is no single definition of this phenomenon in regulatory legal acts. There are many models and forms of implementation of mediation technologies in educational organizations. In the Sverdlovsk region, the most common school reconciliation service, which exists in three models. Mediation technologies in educational organizations of the Sverdlovsk region are necessary and demand. The problem is the lack of understanding of mediation technologies by the administration of an educational institution and teaching staff. The regulations in this area are complex and confusing. There are not enough qualified personnel. It's connected with the lack of available training programs. Some specialists are not motivated. The key problem is the lack of targeted financing. There are no conditions for large-scale implementation of mediation technologies in educational organizations. The real implementation of mediation technologies in educational organizations is based on the enthusiasm of teachers and the administration of educational organizations.
Employment and migration problems of rural youth in the Republic of Kalmykia
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Badmaeva Nogan V.
Published: September 2021

Migration of rural youth is a topical problem in Kalmykia. The purpose of the article is to analyze the reasons for the migration of rural youth, to identify the factors influencing the return of young people to the countryside, their desire to stay and work there. The main research methods are quantitative survey and in-depth interview. The analysis of the study results showed that more than half of the respondents want to leave their village or settlement. The main push factors for migration from rural areas are low wages, lack of jobs, underdeveloped infrastructure, lack of good quality medical care, etc. In most cases, educational migration is irrevocable. For some of the respondents, ‘educational migration’ begins earlier, because there are no senior grades at schools in their settlement or village, or they want to get a high-quality secondary education and to have the possibility to prepare for entering a university or specialized secondary school. The main factor influencing the return of young people to the countryside is the availability of jobs with decent wages, the possibility to have their own housing, as well as the developed of social sphere and sphere of leisure. The obtained results can be used in regional programs for the development of rural areas. Analysis of measures aimed at attracting youth to rural areas in other regions showed it is necessaryly to develop programs aimed at establishing interaction with school graduates and elaborating financial mechanisms to support students. It is also critical to resolve the issue of guaranteed financing of sectoral programs to attract young people to rural areas.
Moving Beyond the Question of Education or Exploitation: The Dynamic Experiences of Black Male Student-Athletes
Authors: Howe Jonathan , Johnston-Guerrero Marc
Published: September 2021

When discussing the Black male student-athlete, dominant perspectives argue that they are being educated while another perspective argues that this population is being exploited. This article moves beyond the question of whether Black male student-athletes are being educated or exploited as we argue that both can happen. Utilizing Critical Race Theory, we highlight dominant perspectives about Black male student-athletes as well as offer an analysis of their experiences. The article provides the presentation of a fictive counterstory that portrays the notion that this population can experience education and exploitation. We conclude by offering a discussion about approaches that institutions and athletic departments can take to better serve Black male student-athletes, including adopting the Excellence Beyond Athletics approach (Cooper, 2016).
Transition Experiences of Former Collegiate Women’s Soccer Athletes
Authors: DeFreese J.D. , Weight Erianne , DeCicco Jamie , Nedimyer Aliza , Kerr Zachary , Carneiro Kevin , Mihalik Jason , Chandran Avinash
Published: September 2021

Athlete transition from American collegiate sport participation, to non-sport careers or professional sport, has been a topic of contemporary sport science research but it is still not well understood, especially in female athlete populations. Informed by extant transition theory, the current study purpose was to describe the transition experiences of former women’s collegiate soccer athletes, including both positive and negative contributing factors. Using a deductive conceptual content analysis, results showcase both positive (i.e., social support, career goals, recreational sport play) and negative (i.e., lack of a team/support, lack of soccer/competition, lack of direction) contributors to the post-collegiate sport transition for female soccer athletes sampled. The importance of athletic identity and potential transition resources were identified. Specifically, participants endorsed career guidance, physical activity/exercise, mentorship programming, and mental health resources as potentially helpful to future athletes. Study findings expanded upon relevant transition theory and former female athlete research. Our study results may inform future research and program development efforts aimed at former female collegiate athletes from soccer and other sports.
“Are the Punishments Consistent?”: A Quantitative Analysis of NCAA Enforcement
Authors: Walker Khirey , Soebbing Brian , Seifried Chad
Published: September 2021

Prior research on organizational misconduct within intercollegiate athletics focuses on the penalties administered by the NCAA and types of violations committed by member institutions, rather than the engagement of misconduct and the role of the NCAA as a social-control agent. Consequently, the purpose of this manuscript is to analyze the relationship between social control agents (i.e., the NCAA) and potential wrongdoers (i.e., member institutions), in addition to how the relationship affects the evolving line separating right from wrong. This quantitative study consists of a two-stage probit regression model which found evidence that the type of violations committed in major violation cases are significant in determining the likelihood of sanctions. This study will contribute to intercollegiate athletic administration by providing an opportunity to better comprehend NCAA enforcement procedures, along with utilizing the findings to discover how the NCAA functions as a social-control agent.
Stress, anxiety, binge drinking, and substance use among college student-athletes: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Knettel Brandon A. , Cherenack Emily M. , Bianchi-Rossi Courtney
Published: September 2021

The immense pressure faced by college student-athletes to balance participation in sports with other responsibilities can contribute to unhealthy coping behaviors including alcohol and drug use. We administered online surveys to 188 college student-athletes to examine stress, athletics-related anxiety, and perceived control of stress as predictors of binge drinking, substance use, and associated risk behaviors. Participants rated athletics as the second greatest source of stress in their lives, trailing only academics. Athletics-related anxiety was a significant predictor of cannabis use and substance-related risk behaviors, and represents an understudied area in the literature. Reports of alcohol and drug use in our sample were comparable to national surveys of student-athletes, but opioid misuse was troublingly high. Participants over the age of 21 and males were more likely to report substance use and risk behaviors. Athletes are susceptible to orthopedic injury and associated pain, which may lead to early exposure to opioids with high potential for abuse. Interventions for this population must target social contributors to substance use among student-athletes, opioid prescription and misuse as a gateway to opioid use disorders, and untreated anxiety as a potential driver of substance use, including anxiety associated with athletic performance.
Outsiders Within: College Sport as an Avenue to Integrate International Students
Authors: Zhou Xiaochen , Pizzo Anthony , Funk Daniel C.
Published: September 2021

The increasingly volatile social, cultural, and political environment in the United States has made it difficult for U.S. institutions of higher learning to retain and integrate international students, especially those from East Asian countries. Drawing upon social identity theory and the acculturation process, this study explored how college sport contributes to international students’ university identification using narrative interviews with East Asian international students who attended college football events at a U.S. university. Findings revealed that international students identified with their co-national peers for socialization purposes at football events and identified with the football spectator subgroup through the influence of domestic students, which contributed to university identity. Theoretically, our research highlighted the dynamics between sport identification, university identity, and acculturation by showing how college sport spectatorship can foster university identification but also create cultural distance within the university community. Findings also offer practical guidelines on how universities can use college sport to initiate organic social interactions between students from different cultures and empower international students to identify as essential members of universities.
Career Experiences of Female Registered Dietitians in NCAA Division I Athletic Departments
Authors: Hardin Robin , Antle Lauren , Beasley Lauren
Published: September 2021

The National Collegiate Athletic Association passed legislation in 2014 to allow for unlimited meals and snacks for college athletes. This policy change created a need for full-time registered dietitians (RDs) to ensure student-athletes are properly fueled and monitor their dietary habits. RDs are now considered to be a key member of the college athlete holistic care team, and this has created a unique professional niche for RDs. There is a lack of research exploring the experiences and challenges of this emerging profession in college athletic departments. Nine RDs working in NCAA Division I athletic departments participated in semi-structured interviews to examine their career experiences. Three themes were constructed from the data analysis: (a) professional transition; (b) nutritional education; and (c) (dis)respect. The respondents discussed their participation in sport or volunteer experience was what pushed them to pursue a career as a sports dietician. One of the primary functions of their position is to build trust with the student-athletes and provide them with nutritional education so they will develop healthy eating habits. The respondents also struggled with a lack of acceptance of the importance of their position on the interprofessional care team. Some had positive experiences with administrators, but most had negative experiences and a general lack of understanding of the professional expertise they had.
Review of the discussion "Culturology in Ukraine: unity in diversity?", which took place online on march 30, 2021
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pavlova O. Y.
Published: September 2021

The discussion became an attempt to generalize and reflect on understanding not only the subject field of cultural studies in general, the list of its current problems, but, first of all, the peculiarities of its formation in Ukraine.
Art outside insulation
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Radyk K. R.
Published: September 2021

When the alarming and shaky topic of the post-quarantine future is touched upon in conversation, someone inevitably voices the idea that "the world will never be the same." It is difficult to argue with this, but in such a case, panic should have been announced earlier: the world was supposed to change even without quarantine.
Produção de mudas de Cariniana estrellensis em resposta à fertilização nitrogenada
Authors: Goulart Lívia Mara Lima , Alves Marcela Oliveira , Paiva Haroldo Nogueira de , Leite Helio Garcia , Xavier Aloisio
Published: September 2021

O jequitibá-rosa é uma árvore que pode atingir de 30 a 50 metros de altura, com produção de madeira valiosa e aptidão para programas de regeneração artificial, porém as informações sobre fertilização adequada no processo de produção de mudas ainda é escassa. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar o efeito de fontes e doses de nitrogênio sobre o crescimento e a qualidade de mudas de jequitibá-rosa. As mudas foram produzidas em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, da região de Viçosa (MG), em vasos com capacidade de 1,5 dm³. As fontes de nitrogênio (N) utilizadas foram o nitrato de amônio, o sulfato de amônio e o nitrato de cálcio, em cinco doses (0, 75, 150, 225 e 300 mg/dm³ de N) aplicadas parceladamente aos 25, 50, 75 e 100 dias após a repicagem. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial (3 x 5), com quatro repetições. Aos 125 dias após a repicagem, foram avaliadas as características morfológicas das plantas. A interação fonte x dose foi significativa para todas as características e para os índices avaliados. As fontes que apresentaram as maiores médias foram o nitrato de amônio e o sulfato de amônio, em doses de N que variaram de 70 a 225 mg/dm³. Recomenda-se para a produção de mudas de jequitibá-rosa uma dose média de 170 mg/dm³ de N utilizando como fonte o nitrato de amônio ou 100 mg/dm³ de N através do sulfato de amônio, parcelada aos 25, 50, 75 e 100 dias após a repicagem.
Resíduos agroindustriais aplicados como material filtrante ao pós-tratamento de água residuária da produção de cosméticos
Authors: Andrade Pryscilla Martins , Brito Núbia Natália
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo o tratamento de águas residuárias, proveniente da indústria de cosméticos, para isso um filtro foi construído com camadas de resíduos agroindustriais (cascas de arroz, vermiculita e sabugo de milho carbonizado) em escala laboratorial. Com a filtração lenta, foi possível alcançar um valor final de (Demanda Química de Oxigênio) DQO na ordem de 255,98 mg O2 L-1 e turbidez final de 18,9 UNT valores estes que se enquadram nos valores dos parâmetros estaduais e federais exigidos para descarte em mananciais. Remoções de Carbono Orgânico Total (COT) de 54,84% e de fenóis totais de 68,78% foram importantes. Atenção também foi dada ao monitoramento da concentração de metais: cádmio, chumbo, níquel, cobalto, magnésio e manganês pós-filtração lenta. Os resultados alcançados foram promissores para o uso de resíduos agroindustriais como materiais filtrantes eficientes, de baixo custo e principalmente que proporcionam a sustentabilidade ambiental.
Treinamento pliométrico e virtual para prevenção de lesões em mulheres jovens: uma abordagem qualitativa
Authors: Donzeli Marina Andrade , Lobato Daniel Ferreira Moreira , Silva Sheila Aparecida da , Alves Victor Silva , Gomes Lucas Gabriel Coelho , Bertoncello Dernival
Published: September 2021

O objetivo do estudo foi explorar as opiniões das voluntárias de um protocolo de treinamento pliométrico associado a exercícios resistidos (TPER) e virtual (TV) para prevenção de lesões. Essa abordagem foi escolhida, pois as percepções dos pacientes em geral podem ser negligenciadas. A coleta de dados ocorreu com dois grupos focais (GFs), e para isso formalizou-se o convite a sete participantes de cada um deles que já houvessem finalizado o treinamento. Realizou-se um encontro, com duração média de 60 minutos para cada grupo de intervenção, e um moderador treinado o conduziu; as sessões foram gravadas em áudio e transcritas posteriormente para análise. As participantes relataram em ambos os treinos o aumento do condicionamento físico, resistência e força muscular. Concluiu-se que no TPER foi mais destacada a melhora do equilíbrio e estabilidade de membros inferiores, já no TV isso ocorreu em relação à concentração e à disposição para a rotina diária.
Autoavaliação negativa associada ao estado objetivo da saúde e à qualidade de vida em adultos
Authors: Usnayo Rodolfo Esteban Kelca , Monteiro Gina Torres Rego , Amaral Cledir de Araújo , Vasconcellos Maurício Teixeira Leite de , Amaral Thatiana Lameira Maciel
Published: September 2021

O objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar a prevalência de autoavaliação negativa da saúde e os fatores a ela associados em adultos. Para tanto, realizou-se um inquérito com adultos de 18 a 59 anos, das zonas urbana e rural do município de Rio Branco, Acre, no ano de 2014. Os possíveis fatores relacionados a tal autoavaliação foram verificados por regressão logística múltipla. A prevalência de autoavaliação negativa da saúde foi de 12,1%, estando associada a idade, estresse (OR: 1,87; IC 95%: 1,04-3,38), uso de medicamentos (OR: 2,23; IC 95%: 1,19-4,20) e autorrelato de insônia (OR: 2,33; IC 95%: 1,20-4,53) ou depressão (OR: 2,03; IC 95%: 1,02-4,04). A lipoproteína de baixa densidade também esteve associada, bem como o tercil inferior dos domínios físico e psicológico da qualidade de vida. Conclui-se que a autoavaliação de saúde refletiu as condições físicas e psicológicas e constitui uma medida do estado global de saúde do indivíduo.
Sobrevida e funcionalidade em idosos na atenção domiciliar
Authors: Krusch Silvana Salla , Fernandes Karen Barros Parron , Santos João Paulo Manfré dos , Pires-Oliveira Deise A. A.
Published: September 2021

Com o envelhecimento ocorrem complicações que afetam a funcionalidade e a independência dos indivíduos, muitas vezes sendo necessário o acompanhamento contínuo por profissionais da saúde, entre eles o fisioterapeuta. Diante disso, objetivou-se verificar a sobrevida, a funcionalidade e a ocorrência de comorbidades em indivíduos idosos acompanhados pelo serviço de Fisioterapia domiciliar. Um estudo com delineamento transversal foi realizado com 121participantes de um Serviço de Atenção Domiciliar, utilizando a Karnofsky Performance Scale para verificar a funcionalidade, e o Índice de Comorbidades de Charlson para avaliar as multimorbidades. Constatou-se que aproximadamente metade dos participantes apresentou cronicidade funcional, com condição potencialmente incapacitante, com piora dos índices de funcionalidade em indivíduos que sofreram alguma intercorrência. Os resultados demonstraram também que o acesso à Fisioterapia aumentou a taxa de sobrevida dos idosos e que o acompanhamento fisioterapêutico mais frequente possibilitou que a funcionalidade se mantivesse.
Cuidados paliativos: percepção da equipe multiprofissional atuante em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Ribeiro Aline Lima , Santos Fernanda Gatez Trevisan dos , Cardoso Luana Cristina Bellini , Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida Trindade , Ferreira Andressa Martins Dias , Miguel Maria Emília Grassi Busto , Gil Nelly Lopes de Moraes
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho objetiva compreender a percepção da equipe multiprofissional atuante na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva sobre os cuidados paliativos. Trata-se de estudo exploratório, qualitativo. Os participantes foram 14 profissionais da equipe multiprofissional, atuantes na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um Hospital Municipal. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre julho e agosto de 2019, por meio de entrevista individual, semiestruturada, gravada e transcrita. Os dados foram processados no software Iramuteq e submetidos à análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados obtidos foram apresentados em três categorias: Cuidado paliativo: promoção do conforto na integralidade do indivíduo cuidado; Insegurança e fragmentação do cuidado paliativo: dificuldades da equipe multiprofissional; O profissional de saúde e o outro: integração com o paciente e família. Diante disso, os profissionais compreendem o cuidado paliativo como estratégia de promover o conforto e amenizar o sofrimento, respeitando a dignidade do paciente e o tratando como um ser integral e complexo.
Visual Examination, Fluorescence-Aided Caries Excavation (FACE) Technology, Bitewing X-Ray Radiography in the Detection of Occlusal Caries in First Permanent Molars in Children
Authors: Blumer Sigalit , Kharouba Johnny , Kats Lazar , Schachter Dora , Azem Hanaa
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of visual examination, radiographic examination and fluorescence-aided caries excavation (FACE) in detecting occlusal caries in first permanent molars in 150 children aged 6–14 years with intact occlusal surface with caries lesions without cavitation, or with darkened or deep fissures that had no clear diagnosis. Study design: Two dentists independently performed a visual oral examination, FACE and bitewing radiography. The inter-rater reliability of each detection method was determined and their specificity and sensitivity. Results: All caries detection methods showed high inter-rater reliability with absolute agreement between raters above 90%. Most caries lesions were detected by visual (75.8%) and FACE (79.1%), while only 28.8% of lesions were detected by radiography. Detection by visual examination was strongly correlated with detection by FACE (X2=37.9, Phi=0.498, p<0.001). A lower, yet statistically significant, correlation was found between visual examination and X-ray radiography (X2=5.53, Phi=0.190, p<0.001). FACE had higher sensitivity (87%) and specificity (65%) for detecting occlusal caries in comparison with radiography (60% specificity and 55% sensitivity). Conclusion: Although visual examination remains the best method to detect occlusal caries in young permanent molars in children, FACE is an effective and accurate diagnostic tool that may aid in detection and treatment decisions.
Dental Considerations in Patients with Loeys-Dietz Syndrome: A Review of the Literature and Case Report
Authors: Kratunova Evelina , Zhang Ivan L. , da Fonseca Marcio A
Published: September 2021

Loeys-Dietz Syndrome (LDS) is a rare connective tissue disorder with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, linked to heterozygous mutations in six genes from the transforming growth factor beta receptor complex. The classical syndrome characteristics include aortic aneurisms with generalized arterial tortuosity, hypertelorism and cleft palate or bifid/broad uvula. LDS is also associated with a wide range of skeletal, craniofacial, cutaneous and ocular abnormalities, as well as allergic, atopic and inflammatory diseases. Common oral findings include high arched and/or narrow palate, enamel defects and class II skeletal malocclusion. Dental management of patients with LDS is complex and includes approaches to prevent medical complications, as well as considerations for safe delivery of dental care. The purpose of this report, reviews the literature related to LDS oral manifestations as well as to describe the comprehensive dental management of an adolescent patient with LDS and discuss the challenges that dental practitioners may face when providing treatment for these patients.

LDS is a newly described syndrome and the literature reviewing its oral manifestations is limited.

Patients are reported to have lower oral health-related quality of life as a result of tooth sensitivity and malocclusions.

Dental management is compounded by the complexity of medical factors that should be taken into consideration for the safe delivery of care.

The presented case is an example of the challenges that dental practitioners may face when providing treatment for LDS patients.
The study of systemic hemodynamics by the method of volumetric compression oscillometry in young people
Authors: Gorenkov R. V. , Alexandrova O. Yu. , Yakushin M. A. , Vasilyeva T. P. , Mirzokhonov T. O. , Chernus N. P.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To investigate the state of systemic hemodynamics (SHD) in young people to assess the potential impact of its disorders in the formation of arterial hypertension (AH) and to carry out preventive measures.

Methods. A random sample of 91 young people from 17 to 25 years old was examined; 27 of them were men (average age 23.7±1.6 years) and 64 women (average age 20.4±1.1 years). The study involved clinical residents and students who, according to preliminary and periodic medical examinations, excluded the presence of cardiovascular diseases. The indicators of SHD were investigated by the method of volumetric compression oscillometry using a portable automated software and hardware complex for non-invasive research of central hemodynamics (Device “CAP TsG osm-“Globus”).

Results. AH was detected in 4.4%; “white coat” AH in 8.79%; arterial hypotension – in 5.49%. In individuals with normal blood pressure (BP) (75 people), an increase in specific peripheral vascular resistance was most often revealed in 30.6%. An unchanged hemodynamic profile in the group with a normal BP level was recorded only in 28.0% of the examinees.

Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that even among “healthy” young people aged 18- 25 years with a normal BP level, the proportion of people with impaired SHD values is 72%. People with hypertension and with altered SHD indicators should be included in the regular medical check-up observation group.
Association of cardiovascular biomarkers with myocardial and coronary imaging characteristics in patients having acute myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Vorobev A. S. , Kashtalap V. V. , Urvantseva I. A. , Nikolaev K. Yu. , Kovalenko L. V. , Astrakhantseva I. D.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To assess the dynamic changes and clinical significance of biomarkers of inflammatory processes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) with/ or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) at various stages of treatment.

Methods. 96 patients with acute MI after pPCI were examined. The level of inflammation markers was measured 4 times: before pPCI (first day from admission to the hospital), on the third day, 7–10 days (before discharge from the hospital) and 40–45 days after pPCI.

Results. All groups of patients with MI showed an increase in the plasma activity of biomarkers of inflammatory processes. After pPCI for 40–45 days, there is a significant difference in the concentration of biomarkers, depending on the comorbid T2DM presence. Strong associations were found between cardiovascular biomarkers and post-MI cardiac remodeling and coronary atherosclerosis progression.

Conclusion. The assessment of the levels of biomarkers of inflammatory processes may have additional clinical value in estimating the course of MI, including patients with T2DM at the postinfarction stages.
The impact of medical activity bureaucratization on professional values of personnel: analysis of international research results and data from sociological surveys of Kuzbass Medical Organizations (NII KPSSZ AND GBUZ “KKKD”)
Authors: Danilchenko Ya. V. , Popsuyko A. N. , Batsina E. A. , Kilizhekova D. V. , Karas D. V.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To assess the correspondence between the results of the European Social Survey (ESS) “The Impact of Medical Activity Bureaucratization on Professional Values of Personnel” and the results of sociological surveys of personnel of medical organizations such as Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases (NII KPSSZ) and Federal State Budgetary Institution “Kuzbass Clinical Cardiology Dispensary named after academician L.S. Barbarash” (GBUZ “KKKD”).

Methods. Comparative analysis of the results of ESS (3271 medical workers from 29 countries were questioned) and the results of sociological surveys of the medical personnel at NII KPSSZ (204 respondents in 2017) and at GBUZ “KKKD” (385 respondents in 2021) was carried out.

Results. According to the survey data of employees of NII KPSSZ the dominant values are: professionalism and conscientious attitude to work, respectful attitude to colleagues and patients, strict compliance with law and regulatory requirements. Among the main values of GBUZ “KKKD” staff the following were named: discipline and order in fulfilling responsibilities, professionalism and conscientious attitude to work, and respectful attitude to patients.

Conclusion. On the basis of the comparative analysis, the authors proved the validity of the conclusions and results of an international study devoted to the problem of the influence of bureaucratization of a medical organization on the structure of personnel values in medical organizations focused only on the treatment and diagnostic process. If an institution functions as a scientific and medical organization, then its employees tend to strive for professional self-development, innovative and creative thinking, which is not consistent with the conclusions of international researchers.
Cardiopulmonary bypass strategy without donor blood components as a method for preventing brain damage in children
Authors: Ivkin A. A. , Borisenko D. V. , Grigoriev E. V.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To establish the role of donor blood components which are used in the intraoperative period in children with septal congenital heart disease (CHD) who need surgical interventions with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for the prevention of cerebral injury in the postoperative period.

Methods. 40 children of 14 months old on average and 8.8 kg of weight were under the study. All patients underwent radical correction of the septal CHD with the use of CPB. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the donated blood components used. Cerebral damage was assessed with the help of three specific markers: protein S-100-ß, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP). The severity of the systemic inflammatory response was defined by the level of the following markers: interleukin 1, 6 and 10 in serum before operations, after the completion of IC and 16 hours after surgery. The clinical analysis of cerebral injury was performed via the Cornell Assessment for Pediatric Delirium.

Results. Statistically the concentration of all three markers of cerebral injury was significantly higher in the transfusion group after the end of CPB. Similar dynamics was observed in the concentrations of interleukins. In addition, the values for GFAP were higher in the transfusion group and 16 hours after surgery.

Conclusion. The safety and effectiveness of the strategy on refusal of intraoperative transfusion in order to prevent cerebral injury in children during the correction of septal CHD has been demonstrated.
Organ protection and prevention of polyorgan insufficiency during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention by using extracorporal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Kornelyuk R. A.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To compare the possibilities of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) to prevent organ damage and the development of multiple organ failure.

Methods. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 51 patients underwent the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the method of mechanical circulatory support used: VA ECMO (n = 29) and IABP (n = 22). To assess organ functions in the intra- and postoperative period, the results of instrumental and laboratory research methods, as well as data from complex scales of organ dysfunction, were analased.

Results. Myocardial depression was observed in the IABP group in the intraoperative period of high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention and worse hemodynamic stability compared to the VA ECMO group was traced. Organ dysfunction and multiorgan failure developed more often in the IABP group, which was confirmed by laboratory specific markers.

Conclusion. High-risk percutaneous coronary intervention with VA ECMO is accompanied by a lower incidence and severity of organ damage and multiple organ failure. Thus, the VA ECMO has better organ protective effects.
Results of long-term patency of small-diameter biodegradable vascular prostheses with atrombogenic drug coating of sheep model
Authors: Krivkina E. O. , Antonova L. V.
Published: September 2021

Background. Preclinical tests of biodegradable small diameter vascular prostheses on a sheep model have been carried out.

Aim. To assess the results of long-term patency and remodeling of biodegradable vascular prostheses based on polyhydroxybutyrate / valerate and polycaprolactone with an atrombogenic drug coating in a large laboratory animal model.

Methods. We researched vascular prostheses made of polyhydroxybutyrate / valerate and polycaprolactone (PHBV/PCL) 4 mm in diameter with layer-by-layer vascular endothelial growth factor incorporated into the polymer framework, the main fibroblast growth factor, chemoattractant molecule containing SDF-1a (GFmix) surface, and additional modifying drug surface heparin and iloprost (PHBV/PCL/ GFmix/Heparin/Iloprost). Animals with implanted synthetic Gore-Tex vascular grafts with a diameter of 4 mm were included into a comparison group.

Results. After one day of implantation it was revealed that the patency of biodegradable PHBV/PCL/GFmix/Heparin/Iloprost prostheses was 62.5%, while synthetic Gore-Tex prostheses were thrombosed in 100% of cases. At the same time, after 18 months of implantation, the patency of biodegradable vascular PHBV/PCL/ GFmix/Heparin/Iloprost prostheses decreased to 50%. Passable drug-eluting polymer grafts were completely resorbed after 18 months of implantation, and aneurysmically expanded newly formed vascular tissue was formed in their place.

Conclusion. Vascular prostheses made of polyhydroxybutyrate/valerate and polycaprolactone showed better long-term patency results than synthetic prostheses used in the clinical practice. However, the strengthening of the external framework of the prostheses is required in order to prevent the formation of aneurysms.