bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vascular plant biodiversity of Katannilik Territorial Park, Kimmirut and vicinity on Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada: an annotated checklist of an Arctic flora
Authors: Saarela Jeffery M. , Sokoloff Paul C. , Gillespie Lynn J. , Bull Roger D.
Published: January 2023

The Arctic ecozone is undergoing a rapid transformation in response to climate change. Establishing a baseline of current Arctic biodiversity is necessary to be able to track changes in species diversity and distribution over time. Here, we report a vascular plant floristic study of Katannilik Territorial Park, Kimmirut and vicinity within Circumpolar Arctic Bioclimate Subzone D on southern Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. We compiled a dataset of 1596 collections gathered in the study area throughout the last century, including 838 we made in 2012. The vascular flora comprises 35 families, 98 genera, 211 species, two nothospecies and seven infraspecific taxa. We newly recorded 51 taxa in 22 families in the study area:Erigeron eriocephalus,Taraxacum holmenianum(Asteraceae),Draba arctica,D. fladnizensis,D. lactea(Brassicaceae),Campanula rotundifolia(Campanulaceae),Arenaria longipedunculata, Honckenya peploides subsp. diffusa,Sabulina rossii, Silene uralensis subsp. uralensis,Viscaria alpina(Caryophyllaceae), Carex brunnescens subsp. brunnescens,C. krausei,C. microglochin,C. subspathacea,C. williamsii, Eriophorum scheuchzeri subsp. arcticum (Cyperaceae),Andromeda polifolia, Orthilia secunda subsp. obtusata (Ericaceae),Oxytropis podocarpa(Fabaceae),Luzula groenlandica(Juncaceae),Triglochin palustris(Juncaginaceae),Utricularia ochroleuca(Lentibulariaceae),Huperzia continentalis(Lycopodiaceae),Montia fontana(Montiaceae),Corallorhiza trifida, Platanthera obtusata subsp. obtusata (Orchidaceae),Hippuris lanceolata,H. vulgaris,Plantago maritima(Plantaginaceae), Calamagrostis neglecta subsp. groenlandica,C. purpurascens, Festuca prolifera var. lasiolepis, F. rubra subsp. rubra, F. rubra subsp. arctica, Hordeum jubatum subsp. jubatum, Leymus mollis subsp. mollis, L. mollis subsp. villosissimus,Puccinellia vaginata(Poaceae),Primula egaliksensis(Primulaceae),Cryptogramma stelleri(Pteridaceae), Coptidium × spitsbergense (Ranunculaceae),Potentilla crantzii, P. hyparctica subsp. hyparctica,Rubus chamaemorus,Sibbaldia procumbens(Rosaceae),Salix fuscescens(Salicaceae),Micranthes foliolosa,M. nivalis,M. tenuis(Saxifragaceae) andWoodsia alpina(Woodsiaceae). We recorded 196 taxa in Katannilik Territorial Park (191 species, three infraspecific taxa and two nothospecies); 145 of these taxa are first records for the park. We recorded 170 taxa in Kimmirut and vicinity (166 species, three infraspecific taxa and one nothospecies) in Kimmirut and vicinity; 15 of these taxa are first records for Kimmirut and vicinity. All study area species are native, except two grasses that grew in Kimmirut: F. rubra subsp. rubra, which may have been seeded and Hordeum jubatum subsp. jubatum, of unknown origin. We summarize the distribution on Baffin Island for each taxon recorded in the study area, including several unpublished southern Baffin Island records.
Reproductive birth control after the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Rusanova Nina E.
Published: January 2023

Changes in measures and instruments of birth control are one of the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic in all countries with increased significance of reproductive components, i.e. concerning physiological capabilities of conception, gestation and childbirth. Pandemic-associated measures had diverse impacts on restrictive (aimed at reducing fertility) and expansionary (aimed at increasing fertility) methods of reproductive regulation: it did not take methods of pregnancy prevention and artificial termination of pregnancy long to adapt to the new conditions without changing the established trends, while assisted reproductive technologies, following administrative bans of the first days of mass lockdowns, demonstrated new development directions upon removal of bans.

Against the background of the progress in the medical component, increasingly bringing in- vitro fertilization closer to natural conception, the scale of state funding and the number of free of charge programs for patients have increased, however, due to anti-epidemic control, cross-border reproductive care or fertility tourism, relevant for surrogacy and reproductive donation, has become more complicated. In Russia, this has intensified public discussions and contributed to further elaboration of reproductive legislation.
Plus de 60 ans de sectorisation psychiatrique : de l’esprit des textes à la réalité des pratiques
Authors: Bauduret Jean-François
Published: January 2023

L’auteur nous livre ici une vision historique et globale de l’évolution de la sectorisation psychiatrique et de ses pratiques depuis sa mise en place originale il y a 62 ans. Il pointe ses difficultés d’installation et de croissance, ses intérêts et ses manques, et termine avec optimisme sur la persistance de son intérêt et les chantiers en cours ou à mettre au travail.
Psychothérapie institutionnelle et réseau
Authors: Godart Pierre
Published: January 2023

Il s’agit pour l’auteur d’essayer de comprendre comment les outils de la psychothérapie institutionnelle peuvent être utiles pour une pratique collaborative entre un certain nombre d'acteurs du médical et du social. Reprenant la distinction de François Tosquelles entre établissements et institutions, l’auteur affirme qu'il ne faut pas seulement distribuer çà et là sur le territoire d'un pôle ou d'un secteur les équipements prévus par l'arrêté du 14 mars 1986, ou d'y répartir les structures prévues par le plan santé mentale de 2005. Il est nécessaire de travailler les liens entre les services et les acteurs ainsi que les possibilités de circulation entre tous ces lieux pour les personnes concernées par les troubles psychiques. Ce travail de lien n'est pas seulement administratif avec des conventions entre acteurs de réseaux ou encore du PTSM. C'est un travail de reconnaissance du point de vue de l'autre. C'est un travail humain, sans fin.
La fabrication des rôles au travail
Authors: Boeglin-Henky Mathilde
Published: January 2023

La dématérialisation des services publics recompose le travail des travailleuses sociales accompagnant les allocataires du revenu de solidarité active (RSA) : la standardisation des formulaires dématérialisés change les manières d’écrire ; leur pouvoir discrétionnaire est encadré. Le travail étant un impensé des réformes, les tâches entre les fonctionnaires des pôles insertion se redistribuent à l’avantage ou au détriment des travailleuses sociales. L’analyse révèle néanmoins que les travailleuses sociales parviennent à s’approprier certains des effets de la dématérialisation en les intégrant dans une définition d’un rôle satisfaisant de leur travail. La démarche adoptée consiste à mener l’analyse de la fabrication de leurs rôles, c’est-à-dire les tactiques et les gestes qui leur permettent de conserver ou de construire un bon rôle. Malgré ces appropriations, certaines tâches demeurent peu prestigieuses, amenant les travailleuses sociales à faire avec. Ces résultats se fondent sur une enquête ethnographique menée entre 2018 et 2021 dans deux services d’action sociale départementaux sur deux territoires distincts.
New sharp estimates of the interval length of the uniqueness results for several two-point fractional boundary value problems
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ni Jinbo
Published: January 2023

This paper investigates the existence and uniqueness of solutions for several two-point fractional BVPs, including hybrid fractional BVP, sequential fractional BVP and so on. Using the Banach contraction mapping theorem, some sharp conditions that depend on the length of the given interval are presented, which ensure the uniqueness of solutions for the considered BVPs. Illustrative examples are also constructed. The results obtained in this study are noteworthy extensions of earlier works.
Sensitivity analysis of cassava mosaic disease with saturation incidence rate model
Authors: Sangsawang Sireepatch , Humphries Usa Wannasingha , Khan Amir , Pongsumpun Puntani
Published: January 2023

Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) is caused by a virus transmitted by the whitefly. This disease can destroy cassava at any stage of its growth and it resulted in lower cassava yields. In this paper, we developed a mathematical model for the epidemic of cassava mosaic disease with a deterministic model which has saturation incidence rates. This model aims to explain the effect of vectors on cassava disease outbreaks. First, this model was analyzed using standard dynamic methods to determine the behavior of the solution. We found the existence and condition of disease-free and endemic steady state. The basic reproductive number ($ R_0 $) is obtained by using the next-generation method which $ R_0 $ helps assess the ability to spread infectious diseases. Second, the stability of the steady state was analyzed, then we obtain the condition of existence of local stability and global stability at each steady state of this model. Third, analysis of the sensitivity indices in the threshold number to determine the effect of the various parameters. Finally, the results of the theoretical model were validated by numerical simulations. It is represented by various graphs converging at a steady state and stable.
Qualitative behavior of a higher-order fuzzy difference equation
Authors: Yalçınkaya İbrahim , Tollu Durhasan Turgut , Khastan Alireza , Ahmad Hijaz , Botmart Thongchai
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we investigate the qualitative behavior of the fuzzy difference equation

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} z_{n+1} = \frac{Az_{n-s}}{B+C\prod\limits_{i = 0}^{s}z_{n-i}} \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where $ n\in \mathbb{N}_{0} = \; \mathbb{N}
\cup \left\{ 0\right\}, \; (z_{n}) $ is a sequence of positive fuzzy numbers, $ A, B, C $ and the initial conditions $ z_{-j}, \; j = 0, 1, ..., s $ are positive fuzzy numbers and $ s $ is a positive integer. Moreover, two examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the results obtained.
Characterization of Mediterranean endemics in the Egyptian flora
Authors: Bedair Heba , Shaltout Kamal , Sharaf El-Din Ahmed , El-Fahhar Ragab , Halmy Marwa W. A.
Published: January 2023

The Mediterranean Basin is the world’s second richest hotspot, and one of the most important locations on the planet for endemic taxa. However, there is no available up-to-date list of Mediterranean endemics. Available data are frequently insufficient or outdated. Therefore, this study aimed at delimiting the Mediterranean floristic region in Egypt, screening its Mediterranean endemics, and determining their habitats, life forms, flowering periods, dispersal types and phyto-geographical distribution. From a list of 275 Mediterranean endemic taxa in Egypt compiled from literature, this study reduced it to 57 taxa (including species, subspecies and varieties; 20.7%) belonging to 46 genera and 22 families. Fifteen major habitats harbored Mediterranean endemics in Egypt, with coastal dunes (17 taxa = 29.8%) and non-saline depressions (16 taxa = 28.1%) being the most represented. Moreover, the Mareotis (west) subsector was the richest (46 taxa = 80.7%). The largest number of taxa was recorded in North African sub-region (52 taxa = 91.2%), followed by Eastern (levant) sub-region (36 taxa = 63.2%). Therophytes were the most recorded life form, while ballochory was the most represented dispersal type. In conclusion, it is crucial to shed the light on Mediterranean endemics and provide an up-to-date documented database to help future management plan that support their conservation and sustainable use.
Naturalismos transatlánticos: el diálogo entre Eduardo López Bago y Eduardo Acevedo Díaz en torno a Carne importada (1891)
Authors: Álvarez Castro Luis
Published: January 2023

Eduardo López Bago inició en 1888 una prolongada estancia en Hispanoamérica, durante la cual publicaría sus dos últimas novelas. La primera de ellas, Carne importada (Buenos Aires, 1891), dio pie a una breve comunicación epistolar (reproducida por primera vez en este trabajo) con el novelista uruguayo Eduardo Acevedo Díaz, de cuya obra se había ocupado en una serie poco conocida de artículos críticos aparecidos en un diario de Montevideo, y quien le correspondió a su vez con una extensa reseña de su novela. Estos documentos ofrecen valiosa información sobre el papel de López Bago en la polémica sobre el naturalismo que se desarrolló en Uruguay y Argentina a finales del siglo XIX, y contribuyen a probar la primacía que tuvieron en dicho debate los criterios ideológicos (de índole nacionalista) sobre los estéticos.
Autoficción inserta: la traslación de la comedia de stand-up al género narrativo en Cómica, de Abella Cienfuegos
Authors: Rodríguez Santos José María
Published: January 2023

En el presente trabajo se analiza la obra Cómica de Abella Cienfuegos con el objetivo de mostrar su compleja estructura narrativa caracterizada por lo que denominamos autoficción inserta, término al que se llega a partir de la aplicación teórica del modelo textual de los géneros narrativos y de la teoría narratológica sobre los diferentes modos narrativos. La trenza narrativa que propone esta novela contemporánea nos permite observar la alternancia de lo novelesco, lo autobiográfico y lo autoficcional dentro del espacio común de la ficción y analizar, más concretamente, el fenómeno de la autoficción inserta gracias a la traslación que se realiza a la novela de un subgénero dramático-narrativo como es la comedia de stand-up o monólogo cómico.
Generation in der deutschen Literaturgeschichtsschreibung bei Friedrich Schlegel und Julius Petersen
Authors: Winter Ralph
Published: January 2023

Als Vertreter einer nationalen Literaturgeschichtsschreibung wählten Friedrich Schlegel (1772-1829) und Julius Petersen (1878-1941) jeweils einen generationsbezogenen Ansatz zur An- und Einordnung literarischer Bewegungen ab 1750, als Zeitwahrnehmungen und Begriffsverwendungen sich grundlegend wandelten. So auch der Begriff Generation, der eine metaphorische Erweiterung erfährt und neben der Semantik des Natürlichen und Genealogischen nun auch zur Bezeichnung und Erklärung von Wandlungsprozessen verwendet wird. Indem Generation so auch die Vorstellungen des historischen Bruchs, der sozialen oder künstlerischen Erneuerung sowie der Erwartung des Zukünftigen ausdrückt, wird er für Literaturhistoriker zu einem idealen Begriff, um Phänomene wie die kurze Aufeinanderfolge und Gleichzeitigkeit mehrerer literarischer Bewegungen zu beschreiben und diese Betrachtungen mit der Idee der Bildung, Stärkung oder Erneuerung der Nation zu verknüpfen. Dabei wird das Generationskonzept wiederum bildhaft durch Natur- und Kampfmetaphorik veranschaulicht. Während die Natur-Bilder vor allem auf die ältere Semantik von Generation verweisen und so unter anderem den impliziten nationalen Diskurs legitimieren, evozieren die Bilder des Kampfes Machtverhältnisse sowohl im Feld der literarischen Produktion als auch im intellektuellen Feld der beiden Literaturhistoriker selbst.
Enhancing Social Justice via Equity-Based Multi-Tiered Systems of Support
Authors: Cramer Elizabeth D. , Theodore Sharde , Lumpkins Aniva , Cummings Chauntea S. , Flores Helen Rose
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of a framework for equity-based multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS), practical strategies for its implementation, and resources to be used by stakeholders when implementing these supports. Special education referral and placement have historically been contingent upon subjective decisions fraught with discriminatory practices that affect racially, ethnically, and linguistically diverse (RELD) students. Through a social justice and culturally responsive lens, this chapter provides an in-depth analysis of existing MTSS systems and ways that inequities in schools can be mediated. Equitable practices are then described across academic and socioemotional supports. The chapter includes: (1) focus on an equity-based MTSS framework for RELD students; (2) implementation of equity-based approaches across three tiers; (3) equity-based assessment and progress monitoring; (4) recommendations for implementation; and (5) future research directions to ensure equity-based supports for RELD learners with or at risk for disability.
The State of Inclusive Education in Secondary Schools in Zimbabwe Decades After Independence and the Salamanga Declaration
Authors: Muresherwa Edson Nyasha , Jita Loyiso C.
Published: January 2023

This chapter explores the state of inclusive education in the secondary schools in Zimbabwe decades after independence and the Salamanca Declaration. The thrust of the chapter is very important at a time when inclusive education is increasingly being viewed as a critical element of basic education and a step towards social justice. The chapter shows that inclusive education has remained an illusion at a time when the inclusive framework is expected to have fully developed and to be bearing fruit. This paradox is explained in terms of the historical, cultural, and economic context prevailing in the country. This Zimbabwean context focuses public education on political and economic goals only, disregarding equity and social justice objectives. It is therefore recommended that the purpose of education be redefined to fully embrace the needs of ‘all' and the social justice logics, bearing in mind the context of the local environment.
Inclusive Pedagogies and Social Justice for Transforming Teaching and Learning in South African Classrooms
Authors: Taole Matshidiso Joyce
Published: January 2023

This chapter looks at inclusive pedagogies and social justice for transforming teaching and learning in South African classrooms. Learners should not be marginalised or be made to feel that they do not belong. Therefore, teachers need to utilize inclusive pedagogies to ensure that learners' individual needs are met. The first section of this chapter defines the concepts of inclusive education and social justice, followed by the contextualisation of inclusive education in South Africa. The section that follows then engages the reader with issues of inclusive education globally. Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion on instructional strategies that promote inclusive pedagogies and social justice.
Bringing the Margins to the Forefront
Authors: Bruns Deborah , Bacon Heidi R.
Published: January 2023

Focusing on content, pedagogy, and dispositions, individually and collectively, with preservice teachers contributes to understanding the intersectionality of identities and structural inequities. In this chapter, the authors describe their backgrounds as an entry point to teaching about social justice and identity in their courses. They share guiding theoretical perspectives used to ground their practice and build classroom communities with preservice teachers. The authors emphasize content, applied assignments, and activities to build an understanding of social justice and equity and bring students closer to understanding their life experiences and their impact when working with students and families. This chapter offers a means to bring the margins to the forefront in preservice teacher education to affect lasting change in how preparation can better address educational inequities in schools and communities.
Teachers' Commodified Relationships With Racial Justice Through Professional Development
Authors: Shulyakovskaya Lena , Kempf Arlo
Published: January 2023

This chapter explores teachers' interpretations of racial justice-oriented professional development (PD). Findings emerge from surveys and interviews conducted with 74 teachers in Toronto, Canada. Data reveals that teachers' ideological positions have a direct relationship to their understanding of racial justice. Three patterns of thought emerged: 1) The majority of teachers interpreted racial justice to be a commodity that they expected be given to them. 2) Some teachers interpreted racial justice as a way to “save” racialized Others, and 3) a small number of teachers recognized racial justice to be an ongoing process of self-reflection. In this chapter, the authors argue white supremacist logics at the systemic level influence what racially just strategies and activities teachers imagine in terms of individual teachers' institutionalized ideological stances. Most importantly, the authors demonstrate how many teachers' uncritical interpretations of racial justice serve to reinforce white supremacy already present in the organizational norms of Canada's K-12 schooling.
Hiring Practices for Teachers From Underrepresented Backgrounds
Authors: Clark William
Published: January 2023

When considering the many cases brought before the Supreme Court of the United States, one that had the greatest impact on the field of education when it came to diversity, equity, and inclusion was Brown v. Board of Education (1954). The outcome of Brown (1954) did bring changes in the operations of public schools with the concept of “separate but equal” no longer being the standard. The ruling, which was not always received with open arms, brought student diversity into schools across the country. This chapter will present the concept of hiring practices for teachers from underrepresented backgrounds by looking at several areas such as hiring for diversity, recruitment, interviews, and retention. Each of these areas must be considered if the current hiring practices for underrepresented populations are to be impacted. Scholars studying staffing in education consider human capital management to be strategic when it involves recruiting, developing, and retaining effective teachers who make a positive contribution to student learning.
Microwave Irradiated, Sodium Aluminate Supported and Zinc Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction on Fused Tricyclic Oxa-Aza-Quinolone: A Green Protocol
Authors: Saha Pritam
Published: January 2023

Alternative synthesis methods are need of the hour to provide easy protocol for synthesizing biologically active heterocyclic compounds. In this connection, this paper describes the development of a concise, convergent protocol for diversely substituted Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of heteroaryl bromides and boronic acids under microwave irradiation using Sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) as a solid support as well as base. According to my knowledge, this is the first report of the strategy that involves the use of zinc as a catalyst on fused tricyclic di-halo quinolones in a solvent-free condition using simple microwave irradiation. Earlier research from the same laboratory established a solid support assisted Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction for forming C–C bonds under the influence of microwave irradiation. Therefore, sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) was attempted as a base and solid support instead of traditional mineral bases. Moreover, zinc was used as a catalyst replacing palladium. The new method is unique and effective due to its energy economy, procedural simplicity, and general applicability. Moreover, the use of Sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) is expected to extend this green-protocol and atom-friendly chemistry for the synthesis of varied heterocyclic compounds of interest.
Caustic Oesophageal Stricture Treated By Instrumental Dilatation
Authors: Modeste Ouedraogo Somkieta Francis , Thiombiano K , Damba J. J. , Ouedraogo A. , Doulkom P. N. , Ouedraogo I. , Wandaogo A.
Published: January 2023

Background:

Oesophageal stricture is one of the most important and redoubtable complications following caustic ingestions in children. Instrumental dilatation is usually considered the first line of treatment.

Aims and Objectives:

This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of caustic stenosis treatment when using Lerut dilatators.

Materials and Methods:

This is a descriptive retrospective study from May 2014 to April 2020. All children under 15 years hospitalised in our department for caustic oesophageal stricture and had a gastrostomy and oesophageal dilatation with insertion of an endless wire were included.

Results:

A total of 83 patients were included. The sex ratio was 2.2. The mean age was 4 years. The mean time from caustic ingestion to presentation was 90 days. Oesophageal stricture was mostly caused by caustic soda (n = 41) and potash (n = 15). We performed in total 469 dilatations and had only three oesophageal perforations. After a mean follow-up of 17 months, we had 60.2% good results (n = 50) and 7.2% (n = 6) failures. The mortality rate was 13.2% (n = 11).

Conclusion:

The results of the dilations by Lerut dilatators give encouraging results in our department. It is easy to perform and its complications remain rare. Mortality could be reduced by adequate nutritional support.
Post-Circumcision Urethrocutaneous Fistulae
Authors: Ugwu Jideofor Okechukwu , Ekwunife Okechukwu Hyginus , Modekwe Victor Ifeanyichukwu , Mbaeri Timothy Uzoma , Obiechina Sylvester Okwuchukwu , Ugwunne Chuka Abunike
Published: January 2023

Background:

Circumcision is regarded as the most common surgical procedure world over. It is also perceived to be a simple and safe procedure; however, it could be fraught with major urological complications such as urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF). Repair of these fistulae poses a great reconstructive challenge to the paediatric surgeon/urologist with varied outcomes.Aim:We seek to review the presentations, repair and outcome of post-circumcision UCFs managed in a tertiary centre.

Patients and Methods:

This is a retrospective review of all the consecutive cases of repaired post-circumcision UCFs in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, South-East Nigeria, over a period of 9 years (January 2012–December 2020). Data on demography, size of fistula, type of repair and outcome were retrieved from the Records Department and patients’ case notes and were analysed using SPSS (version 22, Chicago, Illinois).

Results:

A total of 22 boys had post-circumcision UCF repair within the period, and they were aged between 2 weeks and 108 months with a median age of 4 months at presentation and aged between 8 months and 144 months with a median age of 24 months at the time of surgery. Circumcisions were by freehand technique in 21 (95.5%). Nurses performed most of the circumcisions in 19 (86.4%), and most of the circumcisions were performed in private hospitals 7 (31.8%), maternity homes 3 (13.6%) and general hospitals in 10 (45.5%) each, respectively. Most 17 (77.3%) fistulae were coronal, and the size of defect ranged from 1 mm to 10 mm. The most commonly employed technique of repair was simple closure in 16 (72.2%). Meatal stenosis and re-fistulation occurred in 2 (9.1%) and 4 (18.2%), respectively. Only two (12.5%) required reoperation. There was no relationship between the size of defect and re-fistulation,P= 0.377.

Conclusion:

Majority of the Post-circumcision urethrocutaneous fistulae were from free hand technique of circumcisions . These were performed mostly by nurses in general, private hospitals and maternity homes. Hence, there is a need to ramp up training of providers of neonatal circumcision in our environment. Most UCF in children could be repaired with simple closure technique reinforced with dartos flap.
Safe Insertion, Maintenance and Removal of Chest Tube
Authors: Tiwari Neha , Pulle Mohan Venkatesh , Kumar Arvind
Published: January 2023

Chest tube insertion is a vital, often life-saving procedure which may be required for any patient. A comprehensive knowledge about safe insertion, maintenance and removal of the chest tube is vital for every health-care professional. This article describes essential components of chest tube management such as type of chest tubes, drainage systems, how to perform safe insertion, connecting to the drainage system, fixation of chest tube, precautions during initial drainage, monitoring of patient, daily measurement and emptying of bottle, pain relief, chest physiotherapy, patient transport, method of collecting pleural fluid sample and steps of safe removal.
Interatrial Septal Thickness as a Predictor of the Presence and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Reddy Parvathareddy Krishna Mala Konda , Rayapu Monica Rachana , Ravi Srinivas , Nagula Praveen , Balla Naga Venkata Raghava , Maale Saitej Reddy
Published: January 2023

Background:

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease. Even though the definitive diagnosis of CAD is by invasive coronary angiography (CAG), various imaging modalities and their advances have led to the evolution of noninvasive parameters such as epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), which could help in prediction of CAD. However, despite having a good association with CAD, the quantification of EAT is unreliable. The adipose tissue of the atrial septum is considered a surrogate of EAT. We aimed to study the association of interatrial septal thickness (IST) measured by echocardiography with the severity of CAD.

Methods:

A total of 200 patients with a probable diagnosis of CAD undergoing echocardiography and CAG were studied. The IST was measured using two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. The presence or absence, the extent, and the severity of CAD were known by CAG. Relevant statistical analysis was done to look for the association of IST with CAD.

Results:

The mean age of the population was 51.97 ± 10.19 years and the mean IST was 8.02 ± 3.2 mm. Of the baseline characteristics, age, hypertension, and history of CAD were found to be significantly associated with IST. There was significant association of IST with the presence of any extent of CAD. On multivariate regression analysis, IST was found to be an independent predictor of the presence of CAD, having positive association. A positive correlation (r = 0.868) was found between IST and the severity of CAD. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that IST >5.7mm predicted the presence of any CAD with a sensitivity of 78.6% and a specificity of 100%.

Conclusion:

IST, a measure of the adipose tissue of atrial septum, was found to be an independent predictor of the presence and severity of CAD.
Effect of Vatakarma Kapalbhati on Sinus Headache
Authors: Ravi Poornima , Venugopal V , Boopalan Deenadayalan , Anandhan Akila , Chidambaram Yogapriya , Kuppusamy Maheshkumar
Published: January 2023

Sinusitis is a common inflammatory condition affecting paranasal sinuses encountered by people of all age groups. Vatakarma Kapalbhati is a yogic cleansing technique and pranayama found to be beneficial in sinus headaches. We reported the effect of Vatakarma Kapalbhati on three individual cases with sinus headaches. Three women who had chronic headaches due to paranasal sinusitis were given Vatakarma Kapalbhati as an intervention. Outcome measures such as Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Sinonasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were used to assess the efficacy of the intervention. Significant improvement in PSQI, SNOT-22, HIT-6, and VAS was found postintervention when compared to the baseline. Vatakarma Kapalbhati could be a potential supportive therapy for the management of sinusitis headaches alongside conventional management.
Comparative study of different combinations of mirabegron and antimuscarinics in treatment for overactive bladder syndrome in elderly patients
Authors: Kuo Yuh-Chen , Kuo Hann-Chorng
Published: January 2023

Objectives:

To compare the therapeutic efficacy, adverse events (AEs), and patient preference in elderly patients with overactive bladder (OAB) receiving different combinations of mirabegron and solifenacin.

Materials and Methods:

Elderly OAB patients received mirabegron 25 mg (M25) daily for 1 month (1M) followed by randomization to receive M25 (Group 1), mirabegron 50 mg (M50, Group 2), solifenacin 5 mg (S5, group 3); or M25 plus S5 (Group 4) for further 2 months. Efficacy and AEs were evaluated. At the end of 3M, patients’ preferred option for future treatment was investigated.

Results:

A total of 168 patients were enrolled, and 100 completed 3-month treatment. At 1M, all parameters improved significantly except postvoid residual (PVR), 23 (13.7%) patients had no symptom, 16 (9.5%) had no improvement, and 10 (6.0%) withdrew from the trial. Compared parameters at 3M with 1M revealed that quality of life, Patient’s Perception of Bladder Condition scores, and voided volume improved significantly in group 1; the OAB Symptom Score (OABSS) increased in group 2; mean PVR and Global Response Assessment (GRA) deteriorated in group 3; and the OABSS and GRA improved in group 4. At 3M, the AEs prevalence increased significantly in group 3. Only 38.1% in group 4 preferred long-term usage of combination therapy.

Conclusion:

M25 daily is effective and safe in treating elderly OAB patients. Dose escalation to 50 mg or shifting to S5 does not increase the therapeutic efficacy. Combining M25 with S5 provides better treatment efficacy but is associated with lower patient compliance than M25 alone.
Securing Data using Audio Steganography for the Internet of Things
Authors: Gera Anju , Dr. Vaibhav Vyas
Published: January 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) is prevalent in today's world and is part of our everyday life. While the residential district gains in several respects, numerous problems are developed, such as data confidentiality and privacy. The community is worried, in reality, about what information might leak through IoT. Therefore, the need for a protected environment is necessary if data transmission from devices across the network is to be protected. As a consequence, this paper proposes a secure scheme for using audio steganography to secure data from Laptop, which is distributed as an IoT device to other devices, or on LAN or WAN networks, as an alternative protection strategy along with a home server. The outcome of the developed system shows that the amount of distortion exposed by the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) is low.
Online Document Transmission and Recognition of Digital Power Grid with Knowledge Graph
Authors: Zhou Yuzhong , Lin Zhengping , Tu Liang , Lv Qiansu
Published: January 2023

Inspired by the ever-developing information technology and scalable information systems, digital smart grid networks with knowledge graph have been widely applied in many practical scenarios, where the online document transmission and recognition plays an important role in wireless environments. In this article, we investigate the online document transmission and recognition of digital power grid with knowledge graph. In particular, we jointly consider the impact of online transmission and recognition based on computing, where the wireless transmission channels and computing capability are randomly varying. For the considered system, we investigate the system performance by deriving the analytical expression of outage probability, deﬁned by the transmission and recognition latency. Finally, we provide some results to verify the proposed studies, and show that the wireless transmission and computing capability both impose a signiﬁcant impact on the online document transmission and recognition of digital power grid networks.
Aerodynamic Investigation by Computational Fluid Dynamics to Exterior
Design Modifications in a Simplified Bus Model
Authors: Özcan Onur , Yıldız Alp Eren
Published: January 2023

Exterior design modifications have crucial importance on vehicle aerodynamics.
Therefore, it makes one of the key parameters to achieve to reduce the fuel
consumption in diesel-, CNG-, and hybrid-powered engines and increase the range
of electric vehicles (EVs). The slightest change in the vehicle exterior design
can directly affect the vehicle aerodynamics. Thus, four different parameters
(front windshield angle, front diffuser angle, rear diffuser angle, and fillet
[bending] on the rear and front top) are reviewed on a conceptual 12 m long bus
which is to be designed at Anadolu Isuzu. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
simulations become a source for comparative evaluations in these studies.
Simulations are carried out for all different models with a realizable k-epsilon
turbulence model and enhanced wall treatment wall function. In conclusion, a
positive aerodynamic effect is observed with parameters that are the windshield,
front diffuser angle, and fillet on the rear and front top ends. On the other
hand, a negative aerodynamic effect is observed when rear diffuser angle is
applied. All simulations are compared based on drag coefficient values. The
front windshield angle is found the most influential parameter on a conceptual
vehicle design that can be provided a drag coefficient reduction of up to
51%.
Effect of Variation in Evaporator Inlet Air Temperature on Coefficient of Performance in an Automotive Air Conditioning System
Authors: Abdulla S. , Ravikumar T.S. , Balaji D. , Hariram V.
Published: January 2023

Because of its superior thermal properties and multiple prospective uses, nanofluids had sparked the interest of investigators. Addition of nanoparticles to refrigerants and lubricants improves thermal characteristics and lowers power wastage. In this paper R134a refrigerant is added with nanoparticle CuO in the concentration of 0.1%v to 0.5%v and its performance is evaluated. The suction pressure of R134a at 32C is 9% higher than R134a+0.1nm and 17% higher than R13a+0.5nm.The discharge temperature of R134a is more than nano refrigerant. Due to this, the power consumption of R134a is more than nano refrigerant. By adding nanoparticles to refrigerant, the power consumption at 28C is 23% less than R134a which shows nanoparticles works normally when mixed with R134a. Due to high thermal conductivity of nanoparticles, the coefficient of performance of R134a is 35% less than R134a+0.1nm and 41% less than R134a+0.5nm.
Impact Load Testing of Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium 6082-T6 Alloy
Authors: Bhaskar Balendra , Shukla Himanshu , Shrivastava Ashish Kumar
Published: January 2023

Solid-state friction stir welding is a joining technology that allows alloys that are difficult to fuse using traditional fusion methods to be joined. Structures that are not welded are more expensive and heavier, whereas those that are welded are less expensive and lighter. They have benefited from their application due to the difficulty of joining high-strength aerospace aluminium alloys and other metallic alloys using traditional fusion welding. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) produces precipitation-strengthened aluminium alloys with a variety of microstructures and mechanical properties. The chemical composition of an alloy has an impact on its final and initial microstructure. These variables have a significant impact on the weld microstructure and strength, in addition to welding parameters, thermal cycle and the use of auxiliary cooling systems, tool geometry and thickness. FSW, a new green solid state joining method, was used to join high-strength aerospace aluminium alloys.
Design and Fabrication of Self Balancing Gyro Monorail using Gyroscope
Authors: Mishra Vibhooti Narayan , Rajpoot Yogendra Singh , Tripathi Ramendra Sharan
Published: January 2023

In this article, the gyroscopic stabilization of a two-wheeled amphibious concept gyro monorail was investigated. The key idea is to neutralize external torque arising due to unbalanced force by the action of the gyroscopic couple, which is opposite to the unbalanced torque and gyroscopic torque generated by the spinning of the rotor with the help of the motor and due to the precessional motion. By using a gyro monorail system track, construction cost can be reduced as well as it provides a jerk less travelling. We start by deriving gyroscopic torque for different unbalance masses and gyro monorail parts are fabricated and assembled in the workshop facility. The development of the model includes designing the model in software, fabricating the model, assembling the model and testing. The battery is used as a power source. An automation mechanism is also proposed to make system balance for different unbalance masses. This mechanism consists of the main component like Arduino board, IR sensor and servomotor.
Performance Analysis of Controller for Non-Linear System using Model Based and Data Driven Techniques
Authors: Indumathi S.K. , Ramachandraiah U.
Published: January 2023

The main challenge for every sector is regulating the flow and level of the liquid during the process. In various manufacturing sectors, the conical tank is frequently employed. The conical tank's design causes non-linearity, therefore controlling the liquid level in a conical tank process is the most difficult issue. As a result, the process output may occasionally be impacted. The level control of the conical process has been the subject of a great deal of research. A conical bottomed tank is utilized for complete fluid drainage in various process industries, where its nonlinearity may only be at the bottom. The tank can be made entirely conical to increase drainage effectiveness even further. However, because of the tank's constant change, the process is highly nonlinear, making it challenging to manage the liquid level. Most commonly, a conical-shaped tank system is used in colloidal mills, leaching extractions in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, food processing industries, petroleum industries, molasses, liquid feed and liquid fertilizer storage, chemical holding and mix tanks, and reactor tanks for the processing of biodiesel. Conical tanks are employed in storage and holding tanks to prevent settlement and sludge. On the basis of traditional modelling (transfer function modelling), system identification and data-based methodology, modelling and controller design are carried out on a single conical tank. Based on time domain specifications, the performance of the designed controllers is examined. Data-based controller design has been shown to be superior to the other two strategies. A controller is designed and then modelled using the MATLAB platform.
Fabrication of Al-TiC Composites by Three-Step Powder Metallurgy: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Singh R. , Sharma A.K. , Sharma A.K. , Shukla M.N.
Published: January 2023

Owing to improving the mechanical properties, titanium carbide (TiC) strengthened Al-TiC composites were fabricated by three-step powder metallurgy (PM). A dense microstructure was obtained because of the small size TiC, which fills the inter-particle space. The porosity of Al-TiC composites was decreased from 5.16 to 1.52% due to the inclusion of TiC powder. The mechanical properties of Al-TiC composites improved because of effective necking of matrix (i.e., Al and TiC) particles. The Al-TiC30 composite exhibits enhanced mechanical properties (i.e., yield strength: 176.28 MPa, compressive strength: 301.57 MPa and hardness: 38.8 HRC) than the mechanical properties of unalloyed Al. The enhanced physical and mechanical properties of Al-TiC composites made them promising for automobile and aerospace applications.
Microstructure and Structural Comparison between Additively Manufactured Metal and Ceramics
Authors: Chandra Utkarshika , Chauhan S. Premanand , Porwal Rajesh Kumar , Sharma K. Avadesh
Published: January 2023

As we know additive manufacturing helps in reducing the manufacturing time as well as helps in advancing the complexity of the structure. Along with several benefits the method proposes it is very important to keep a track on what how many properties are adversely affected or benefited which helps in optimized planning and projects a significant improvement when kept parallel to the cost efficiency of the product. In order to have such kind of observation it is necessary to map the granular trajectory of the material while going through the process. While additive manufacturing is largely implied upon polymers and metals to a certain extent, ceramics have also seen their part of technological advancement. Both metal and ceramics are equally important and opposite to one another. If somehow, we are able to exploit the benefits of both the materials while on additive manufacturing arena the compound would be highly cost efficient and customization friendly. This paper discusses the micro structural properties and evolution of both metals and ceramics and also on metal matrix composites which are highly in demand in recent times.
Effect of Nanofluids as Coolant in Automotive Radiator - A Numerical Approach
Authors: Daniel V. Bejoy , Prakash N. , Prasad C. , John J. Godwin , Hariram V.
Published: January 2023

By using the commercial modelling software, a 3D model of the automotive radiator has been designed. A commercial CFD tool has been used for the numerical study of the radiator. The nanofluids are used as coolant with water to increase the cooling efficiency. Nanofluids such as aluminium oxide (Al2O3), copper oxide (CuO) and silicon carbide (SiC) are mixed with ethylene glycol and water to improve the cooling efficiency in this study. At constant temperature, the air velocity is varied from 20 m/s to 30 m/s. An average heat transfer coefficient of various nanofluids for the varied air velocity at constant temperature has increased when the nanofluids are added in the water/ ethylene glycol based on the experimental data. As a coolant, silicon carbide nanofluid was shown to transfer the heat better than aluminium oxide, copper oxide, silver nitrate, iron oxide and ethylene glycol. Nusselt and Reynolds numbers have been shown to be higher. To achieve cooling efficiency, an increase in heat transfer with a change in air velocity is required. The cooling efficiency of the silicon carbide was increased up to 15% when compared to Al2O3 nanofluids.
Review on Hybrid Rocket Engine: Past, Present and Future Scenario
Authors: Srivastava Sachin , Thakur Amit Kumar
Published: January 2023

A Hybrid Rocket Engine (HRE) in a conventional way refers to a combination of fuel as solid and oxidizer in the liquid or gaseous phase. This combination has received significant attention in the scientific community due to its intriguing characteristic of reducing chemical explosions and enhancing operational safety. Alongside, the impact on environmental sustainability can be escalated to a reasonable scale. In this context, the current paper emphasizes the major challenges involved with combustion, design of reaction mechanism, low regression rate, choosing the right fuel and poor mechanical properties. This review will help the scientific community to establish a state-of-art technology that would resolve the current challenges to provide a sustainable result. At the same stretch, most of the works haven’t realized this technology to a commercial value. Hence the current review shall focus on the works cited in the global community and lacunae for the transfer of technology-to-technology readiness level.
Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on a CRDI Engine Fuelled with Biodiesel, Ethanol and Butanol
Authors: Yogesh P.
Published: January 2023

The global community has focused on the sustainability of petroleum-based fuel supply due to increased usage in various sectors, depletion of petroleum resources and volatile crude oil market prices. We are looking for an alternative fuel. As a result, we have chosen biodiesel. In this paper, a diesel blend containing biodiesel, ethanol and butanol was created to test the characteristics of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine equipped with an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. The blends of diesel-biodiesel and diesel-biodiesel-ethanol-butanol were designated as B40, B40 E10 BUT10. The experiment is carried out at a rate of 20% EGR for biodiesel blends of B40, B40 E10 BUT10. The experimental results show that mechanical efficiency is higher in biodiesel blends than in diesel. The use of an EGR system with these blends reduces NOx by lowering the oxygen concentration in the combustion chamber.