bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological characterization of spleen and bursa of Fabricius of Pekin ducks in selenium-deficient area
Authors: Lazareva Ye. E.
Published: July 2021

The study was aimed at examination of age-related morphology of spleen and bursa of Fabricius of Pekin ducks with a dietary selenium deficiency and its correction with an organic selenium additive. The experimental study was carried out in 85 day-old ducks divided into two groups, control group and test group, 40 ducks per group, the experiment lasted for 120 days. Control group was fed with standard mixed feed for meat-type poultry. The test group of ducks was fed with the feed supplemented with DAFS-25k organic selenium additive, 1.3 mg/kg of feed, that fully compensated selenium deficiency. The study showed that the dynamics of absolute body weights and relative weight gains in control and test groups correlated to the general biological pattern – increase in absolute parameters and decrease in relative parameters were dependent on age. Therewith, maximum relative weight gain intensity was reported at the age of 15 days and maximum increase in relative spleen and bursa of Fabricius weights was reported in at the age of 30 days. Weight gain parameter drastically decreased on day 75 and remained low up to the age of 120 days. Changes in the relative spleen and bursa of Fabricius weights were non-linear throughout the study. Therewith, in ducks of all ages tested spleen parameters remained approximately at the same level but bursa of Fabricius parameters changed – relative weight of bursa of Fabricius decreased by the age of 45 days and then increased again by the age of 75 days. Relative weight gains and relative spleen weights of ducklings in test group were higher than that ones of ducklings in control group during the examined ontogenesis periods. The opposite pattern was observed for bursa of Fabricius: the above-mentioned parameters in test group were lower than that ones in control group. It was concluded that organic selenium additive had a positive effect on development of the immune system organs and reduced the stress factor impact on duckling organism.
Development of Carnivac-Cov vaccine against coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in carnivores
Authors: Galkina T. S. , Nesterov A. A. , Borisov A. V. , Chvala I. A. , Kononov A. V.
Published: July 2021

Development of specific protection in susceptible carnivores against COVID-19 caused by zoonotic agent is of great importance for maintaining epidemic and veterinary favourable situation in the Russian Federation and prevention of new coronavirus infection spread in humans. Development of inactivated adsorbed whole-virion vaccine (Carnivac-Cov) against coronavirus infection (COVID-19) for carnivores intended for specific disease prevention in fur animals and pet animals (cats and dogs) and tests of the vaccine for its safety and effectiveness are described in the paper. The vaccine was developed and tested at the FGBI “ARRIAH” (Vladimir) subordinated to the Rosselkhoznadzor in accordance with the Russian Federation legislation requirements. Clinical trials were carried out on fur farms, in veterinary clinics and animal shelters. More than 330 animals (fur animals, cats, dogs) were involved in the preclinical and clinical trials. The trials have demonstrated that the vaccine is safe for target animals. Carnivac-Cov vaccine administered twice intramuscularly at the dose of 1.0 cm3 induces anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response 14 days after the second administration that lasts for at least 6 months. The vaccine transportation, storage and application do not require any specific protective equipment. The vaccine can be used on fur farms and in veterinary clinics without limitations. Carnivac-Cov is the first tool for specific COVID-19 prevention in animals. The vaccine has successfully passed comprehensive quality control and is registered in the Russian Federation.
SARS-CоV-2 spread in humans and animals
Authors: Akimiva T. P. , Semakina V. P. , Mitrofanova M. N. , Zhiltsova M. V. , Vystavkina E. S. , Isakova D. G. , Andreychuk D. B. , Karaulov A. K. , Chvala I. A. , Metlin A. E.
Published: July 2021

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses and they are wide spread in animals and humans. They can cause respiratory tract illnesses of various severity. The latest recently discovered coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is an agent ofCOVID-19. The first human cases were reported in Wuhan (People’s Republic of China) in December2019. Since then, the disease infected over 153 million people and became the cause of more than 3 million deaths all over the world. Among the leaders in the confirmed cases are the USA, India, Brazil, France, Turkey and Russia. In February 2020, it was determined that some animal species, including domestic cats and dogs, can be infected with SARS-CоV-2. Reports of animal infection in zoos were submitted from the USA, Argentina, Czech Republic, Sweden, Spain, Estonia, RSA and India. Cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in fur-farmed minks were reported by 13countries. The most large-scale COVID-19 outbreak in minks that involved about 300 mink farms was reported in Denmark. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the agent’s transmission from humans to canines (Canidae), felines (Felidae), mustelids (Mustelidae) and hominids (Hominidae) was confirmed. As of early May2021, the disease cases in animals were reported by 33countries. Due to COVID-19 epidemic spread and detection of animal infection cases, diagnosis tools and methods were developed in the Russian Federation, and screening tests were performed in susceptible animal populations in different regions of the country. COVID-19 monitoring results demonstrated the virus in two cats (in Moscow and Tyumen).
Working process of steam turbine and establishment of start-up model
Authors: Chao Dong , Yongjian Sun
Published: July 2021

In the research of steam turbine rotor, start-up optimization is a very key research problem. A series of start-up optimization research can greatly improve the start-up efficiency of steam turbine and the safety performance of the unit. The start-up optimization of steam turbine is inseparable from the analysis of the start-up process of steam turbine and the mathematical model of the startup process of steam turbine unit, because the optimization of steam turbine unit can be regarded as a function to find the optimal solution. This paper analyzes the start-up process of 300 MW steam turbine, analyzes the start-up process of steam turbine unit through the data used in the actual power plant, and gives the mathematical model of cold start-up of steam turbine according to the start-up process of steam turbine, so as to further study the start-up optimization of steam turbine. Finally, the optimization model is determined by several key parameters, which are three weight coefficients α1,α2,α3, the actual damage value Di and damage limit value Dlim, and the start-up time ti and total start-up time t0 of each stage.
Gross and Histomorphological Study of the Ovary and Oviduct of Turkey Hen with Especial Emphasis on the Sperm-Host Gland
Authors: Islam Mohammad Rafiqul , Hasan Imam , Monisha Nure Zannat , Afrin Marya
Published: July 2021

Turkey bird is one of the popular poultry species which is reared primarily for meat production and considered as one of the major sources of animal protein. With such importance of this species, this study was designed to investigate the gross and histomorphology of the ovary and oviduct with especial emphasis on sperm-host glands of the turkey hen involving ten mature female turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo). The present study highlighted the distribution pattern of sperm-host glands (SHGs) in the oviduct of turkey hen that has a potential role in producing a fertile egg in poultry industries. The oviduct of turkey consists of the infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, uterus, and vagina which are sole distributors for making nutrition enriched egg. The tissue samples were collected from the ovary, different segments of the oviduct and especially uterovaginal junction (UVJ) and infundiomagnal junction of the oviduct. The ovaries and the oviducts were dissected and fixed in Bouins solution and processed for a light microscopic study. Histologically, the left ovary of turkey consisted of an outer cortex and inner medulla, with different stages of follicles. In all areas of the oviduct except the infundibulum and vagina, the tunica mucosa epithelium was lined with ciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelium, and the lamina propria-submucosa contained branched tubular glands. Sperm-storage tubules were observed in the uterovaginal junction and infundibulo-magnum junction. These tubules were mostly branched, slightly coiled and extended into the lamina propria from the bases of the mucosal folds. These glands had proximal and distal parts; the proximal part was lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium and distal part by non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium. The number of sperm host glands was more at uterovaginal junction than infundibulomagnal junction. The sperm-host glands might play a functional role in the storage and release of spermatozoa from the SHGs in response to oviposition or ovulation. The results would help poultry scientists and farmers in developing effective disease control and growth strategies.
Evaluation the Antibacterial Activity of the Brine, Nisin Solution, and Ozonated Water Against E. coli O157:H7 in the Experimentally Local Produced Soft Cheese
Authors: Khudhir Zina S
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of brine solution in compared to nisin and ozonated water treatments against E. coli O157:H7 in experimentally local produced soft cheese (ELPSC). A total of 25 raw cow milk samples were collected from farmers and local markets in Baghdad city and utilized to manufacturing 25 of ELPSC samples following the traditional procedure in rural Iraq without salting or heat treatment. Bacteriological analysis for potential E. coli O157:H7 contamination was performed and confirmed by cultural, biochemical, and serological tests. Antibacterial activity of brine solution (7% w/v), nisin solution (100 IU/mL), and ozonated water (0.6 ppm) was performed for positive samples after 2 h contact time at ambient temperature. Positive isolates of E. coli O157:H7 were detected and confirmed as 3 out of 25 cheese samples (12%), with initial average bacterial count of 6.146 log10 CFU/g. The initial bacterial count was significantly (P<0.05) reduced to 3.778, 4.380 and 4.544 log10 CFU/g when subjected to brine salting, nisin solution, and ozonated water, respectively. Cheese samples exposed to brine had a significantly (P<0.05) higher reduction in the bacterial growth than those exposed to nisin or ozonated water treatments for each alone. More effective reduction in E. coli O157:H7 bacterial growth was not observed when brining exposure time elongated at ambient temperature to 6 h. These findings may be useful in raising the public knowledge about the use of brine solution as a domestic antibacterial approach for minimizing the possible risk of E. coli O157:H7 contamination in the local produced soft cheese.
The Factor that Affects Biophilia Application at the Workplace
Authors: Alawadhi Ebtesam , Othman Jamilah , Md Jani Haza Hanurhaza
Published: July 2021

Many theories in sociology and psychology encourage people to maintain and contact with nature. Biophilia, for instance, examines the connection between humans and nature within the built environment. It is considered one of the solutions to human isolation from nature, especially in the workplace. This study examined the factors of employee's awareness and preference that affect biophilia application at the workplace. This study's primary data collection method is a survey questionnaire through which responses from 167 employees at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) were collected. The findings show that employee's awareness and preference have a significant positive effect on the biophilia application. Further research on this topic is necessary to understand other factors that may affect human's connection with nature at the workplace.
Promoting the Growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Seedlings and Improving Rhizosphere Fungal Community Structure through Interaction between Trichoderma and Ectomycorrhizal Fungi
Authors: Halifu Saiyaremu , Deng Xun , Zhang Jun , Xia Jiangbao , Song Xiaoshuang , Song Ruiqing
Published: July 2021

In this study, pot experiments were conducted on the seedlings of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica to study the influence of Trichoderma (Trichoderma harzianum E15) and Ectomycorrhizal fungi (Suillus luteus N94) on the growth of these seedlings. In particular, the effects of these fungi on the fungal community structure in the rhizosphere soil of the seedlings were investigated. Inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum E15 and Suillus luteus N94 significantly (P < 0.05) promoted the growth of the Pinus sylvestris seedlings. The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) results indicated a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the fungal community structures in the rhizosphere soil of the annual and biennial seedlings. In the rhizosphere soil of annual seedlings, the main fungi were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota. Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota, and p-unclassified-k-Fungi were the main fungi in the rhizosphere soil of biennial seedlings. The dominant genus in the rhizosphere soil and a key factor promoting the growth of the annual and the biennial seedlings was Trichoderma, Suillus, respectively. Both of them were negatively correlated with the relative abundance of microbial flora in the symbiotic environment. Trichoderma had a significant promoting effect on the conversion of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and the organic matter in the rhizosphere soil of the seedlings, while Suillus significantly promoted the conversion of organic matter and total phosphorus.
Knowledge of occupational health hazards and preventive practices among abattoir workers in Anambra State
Authors: Ilo, Clementine Ifeyinwa  , Ede, Alison Okorie  , Aronu, Cecilia Nkechi  , Abonyi, Isaiah Chimezie  , Okeke, Monique Ugochinyere  , Nwazunku, Augustine Alugbala  , Nwankwo, Chidiebere Joy  , Mbaegbu, Nnamdi Okwudili
Published: July 2021

An occupational health hazard is any agent, substance, object, equipment, human behaviour or factor capable of injury, disability, disease or death in individual working in an organization. Occupational infections caused by transmissible agents like bacteria, virus, fungi, parasites and toxins produced by these organisms can be hazardous when contracted by abattoir workers in their daily practices. This cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge of occupational health hazards and preventive practices among abattoir workers in Anambra State. Simple random sampling technique was used to select one hundred and twenty abattoir workers from the two major abattoirs in Awka South LGA, Anambra State, Nigeria. A validated structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The split half method was used to obtain a reliability index of 0.73 using Pearson Product Moment correlation coefficient formula. The Chi-Square statistics was utilized to test the null hypothesis at0.05 level of significance and at the appropriate degree of freedom. Data regarding knowledge of occupational health hazards and the preventive practices against occupational health hazards were analyzed using frequency distribution tables and percentages. The mean and standard deviation of occupational hazard scores of the workers were 2.43 (2.93). The result showed that occupational hazards prevalent among these abattoir workers were of physical, chemical, biological, psychosocial, musculoskeletal and ergonomics in nature. Among the workers, 72.8% had a low level of knowledge while 27.3% had good knowledge of occupational hazards. 23.3% had good preventive practices while 67.7% had fair practice, Sex had a significant association with the level of knowledge (P<0.001) and practice (P=0.052) among the workers. The females had a higher level of knowledge than the males, while the males had a better practice of preventive measures than females. There is need to sensitize and organize trainings for abattoir workers to improve their knowledge and ensure proper control of occupational health hazards.
Development and characteristics of topical gel containing nimesulide: A review
Authors: Bhushan Rajendra Patil  , Anup Mukund Akarte  , Pankaj Motilal Chaudhari  , Kalpesh Shamkant Wagh  , Prakash Hiraman Patil
Published: July 2021

Topical drug delivery system are becoming more and more popular and thus multiple drug have been effectively administered for each local and systemic action a maximum of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in recent years to raise awareness of these drug to deliver drugs topical gel protect against gastrointestinal irritation overcome " first pass " effect and maximize their action since the gel is not sticky and require less strength throughout the composition it has a higher dosage than topical formulation when evaluating an ointment. Nimesulide is a common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) that is effective in relieving a wide range of pain and inflammations but is more tolerated than other NSAIDs the terminal half-life of nimesulide is about 4 hrs. it is Cox 2 inhibitor used for variety of inflammatory pain and fever state gel are cross linked polymer network that expand in a liquid medium it's properties mainly depend on the interaction of solid polymer and liquid component the gel does not spread evenly gel formulation provide an appropriate these delivery system for the drugs are less greasy and can be easily removed from the skin.
Mutations within the Open Reading Frame (ORF) including Ochre stop codon of the Surface Glycoprotein gene of SARS-CoV-2 virus erase potential seed location motifs of human non-coding microRNAs
Authors: Krishna Himmatbhai Goyani  , Shalin Vaniawala  , Pratap Narayan Mukhopadhyaya
Published: July 2021

MicroRNA are short and non-coding RNA, 18-25 nucleotides in length. They are produced at the early stage of viral infection. The roles played by cellular miRNAs and miRNA-mediated gene-silencing in the COVID-19 epidemic period is critical in order to develop novel therapeutics. We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 Surface Glycoprotein (S) nucleotide sequence originating from India as well as Iran, Australia, Germany, Italy, Russia, China, Japan and Turkey and identified mutation in potential seed location of several human miRNA. Seventy single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were detected in the S gene out of which, 36, 32 and 2 were cases of transitions, transversions and deletions respectively. Eleven human miRNA targets were identified on the reference S gene sequence with a score >80 in the miRDB database. Mutation A845S erased a common binding site of 7 human miRNA (miR-195-5p, miR-16-5p, miR-15b-5p, miR-15a-5p, miR-497-5p, miR-424-5p and miR-6838-5p). A synonymous mutation altered the wild type Ochre stop codon within the S gene sequence (Italy) to Opal thereby changing the seed sequence of miR-511-3p. Similar (synonymous) mutations were detected at amino acid position 659 and 1116 of the S gene where amino acids serine and threonine were retained, abolishing potential seed location for miR-219a-1-3p and miR-20b-3p respectively. The significance of this finding in reference to the strategy to use synthetic miRNA combinations as a novel therapeutic tool is discussed.
Consciência pedagógica e vir a ser docente: as idas e vindas formativas nas entrelinhas dos relatos de estágio de um licenciando
Authors: Castro Magalhães do Amparo Pedro Vinícius , Messeder Neto Hélio da Silva
Published: July 2021

A formação inicial de educadores químicos perpassa por dois momentos gerais: o estudo dos conteúdos químicos e pedagógicos e, em seguida, a articulação destes conhecimentos para explicar os fenômenos educativos enquanto docente observador e, depois, como regente de uma turma na supervisão de dois professores – o regente oficial e o formador. Neste último momento, há grande dificuldade da parte dos professores em formação em fazer essa articulação por conta do apego ao pragmatismo largamente difundido na profissão ou até mesmo à ideia metafísica de que só as pessoas agraciadas com o dom da docência podem realizá-lo. Rompendo com essas falácias – tanto as praticistas, quanto as metafísicas –, procuramos evidenciar algumas articulações da teoria com a prática feitas nos relatórios dos estágios de observação e regência de um estudante da licenciatura em química, nas quais estejam presentes a especificidade da formação docente, como também a impossibilidade do trabalho educativo ser desenvolvido de maneira inconsciente e recuado da teoria ou da realidade objetiva. Neste artigo, fazemos uma primeira aproximação ao conceito de consciência pedagógica para compreender o estágio e seu relato articulado à teoria. Acreditamos que este trabalho poderá servir de ajuda para educadores químicos em formação, desde a observação até o momento criativo de planejamento das aulas e suas respectivas descrições, mas, sobretudo, para negritar a necessidade de superar o apego a teorias pedagógicas abstratas e a empiria isolada que nada explica e pouco orienta os professores.
Modification and validation of the test procedure for determination of sub-visible particulate matter in parenteral solutions, using the Coulter method
Authors: Voropaev A. A. , Fadeikina O. V. , Davydov D. S. , Movsesyants A. A.
Published: July 2021

The State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, 14th edition provides for determination of sub-visible particles (less than 100 µm in size) in parenteral dosage forms using the Coulter method, in addition to the light obscuration particle count test and microscopy. However, the proposed 100 µm aperture tube does not enable assessment of the whole range of sub-visible particle sizes. Therefore, research is needed to find optimal test conditions for determination of sub-visible particulate matter by the Coulter method. The aim of the study: modification of the Coulter-based procedure using a 200 µm aperture tube, and performance of validation studies. Materials and methods: Multisizer 4e Coulter counter, suspensions of reference latex particles (10 µm, 20 µm, and 43 µm), and a particulate count reference standard containing 0.998 × 106 particles/mL were used in the study. The following parameters were assessed during validation: accuracy, repeatability, linearity. Results: the study confirmed the feasibility of using the modified Coulter-based procedure with a 200 µm aperture tube. The following values were obtained during validation of the modified test procedure: accuracy was 5.3% (deviation from the mean value) as compared to the particulate count reference standard, and 4.2% as compared to the light obscuration method. Repeatability was 1% (relative standard deviation) for the particle concentration of approximately 10000 per 1 mL, and 7.6% for the particle concentration of approximately 300 per 1 mL. The study demonstrated the linearity of the procedure, the linear correlation coefficient was more than 0.99. Conclusions: the studied validation parameters of the modified test procedure were shown to comply with the acceptance criteria. The modified test procedure will enable assessment of the whole range of sub-visible particle sizes when testing parenteral solutions for particulate contamination: sub-visible particles.
Methodological aspects of the development of product files for biomedical cell products
Authors: Melnikova E. V. , Rachinskaya O. A. , Merkulova O. V. , Semenova I. S. , Kozhevnikova E. O. , Merkulov V. A.
Published: July 2021

Preparation of a product file (PF) for a biomedical cell product (BCP) is an important stage in the preparation of documents for marketing authorisation. The PF is the main document of a regulatory submission and is used as the basis for BCP quality control. The requirements for the content of a PF, including appropriate specifications, are laid out in the relevant laws and regulations that support Federal Law No. 180-FZ “On Biomedical Cell Products” of 23.06.2016. However, given the novelty of the Russian legislative framework for innovative products for human use represented by BCPs, the specificity of their composition (i.e., components based on viable human cells) which differs significantly from conventional medicines, and lack of marketing authorisation experience— there is a need to examine specific aspects of a BCP PF. The aim of the study was to formulate methodological approaches to the development and preparation of a BCP PF in accordance with the national legislation and taking into account the experience of foreign regulatory authorities in evaluation of regulatory submissions for BCP analogues. The paper summarises the national regulatory requirements for the description of quality characteristics of cell lines used as components in BCPs, as well as test methods and test procedures used for cell line quality control. These data are required both for quality control of BCP samples, and for preparation of the Expert Commission Conclusion. The paper looks into the content of cellular and process-related impurities in a cell line and a finished BCP, and presents considerations on the description of the viral safety strategy for the finished product and for the cells from the master and working cell banks. The approaches to the presentation of quality characteristics and quality control methods for a finished BCP and for the cell line used in its production could be used by BCP developers for preparation of a PF.
In vitro methods for rabies virus detection, and evaluation of their use in the production of rabies immunoglobulin
Authors: Gavrilova Yu. K. , Generalov S. V. , Abramova E. G. , Nikiforov A. K.
Published: July 2021

Current highly sensitive methods for rabies virus and rabies antibodies detection in biological material can be used not only for diagnosis and experimental research, but also for the production of antirabies medicines used for postexposure prophylaxis. The aim of the study was to analyse existing methods for rabies virus and rabies antibodies detection and to assess the potential for using these methods at the control stages during production of heterologous antirabies immunoglobulin obtained from equine serum. The search for cutting-edge highly sensitive in vitro control methods that could compete with the biological method, which is the main method used in antirabies immunoglobulin control, is an important prerequisite for improvement of the production technology and the quality of antirabies medicines. The study demonstrated that the following test methods can be used in the production of antirabies immunoglobulin: fluorescent antibody technique, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, cell culture methods, atomic force microscopy, and flow cytometry. These methods could be used alone or as an alternative to the biological method in white mice. These methods were chosen because of their high sensitivity, specificity, rapid and easy implementation, cost-effectiveness, and automatic recording of test results.
Factor VIII products: key aspects of development, clinical research and use (part 2)
Authors: Avdeeva Zh. I. , Soldatov A. A. , Bondarev V. P. , Mosyagin V. D. , Merkulov V. A.
Published: July 2021

Continuous replacement therapy with clotting factor products can lead to serious complications in haemophilia A patients. One of potential reasons of such complications is an undesirable immune response to a blood clotting factor VIII (FVIII) product, which undermines the treatment effectiveness. The aim of the study was to systematise and summarise data on undesirable immunogenicity of plasma-derived and recombinant FVIII products, formation of immunological tolerance, and modern approaches to the development of clinical trial programmes for such products. The analysis was based on scientific literature, as well as Russian and international guidelines, including the updated document of the European Medicines Agency. The paper presents clinical trial data on pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of FVIII products, including data on manifestations of unwanted immunogenicity. It highlights molecular mechanisms of interaction between inhibitors and FVIII, and analyses the main factors (genetic characteristics, immune status of patients, dosage regimen, etc.) affecting the frequency and intensity of the immune response to the product. The authors summarised approaches to the clinical trial design, including selection of patients and studied parameters. They substantiate the need for post-authorisation studies to collect additional clinical data on both efficacy and safety of the routine use of the product, including additional assessment of immunogenicity and other adverse reactions. It is concluded that the successful use of high-quality FVIII products ensures by harmonisation of requirements of Russian and international regulatory documents.
DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF MOTOR-TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE PARTNERSHIP RELATIONS ON THE BASIS OF STRATEGICALLY ORIENTED DIRECTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Authors: FEDOTOVA I.
Published: July 2021

Management of relations with partners of the enterprise is impossible without determining the level of relations with each group of partners and selection of key partners of the enterprise, which actualizes the systematization and generalization of existing scientific approaches to assessing the level of interaction with certain types of partners. Theoretical studies of existing methods of assessing the relationship with consumers, suppliers, staff and other types of partners of the company showed the presence of a relatively small number of works, which set out different approaches to assessing the level of interaction. In solving this problem, the tools of the generalized desirability function are used. The article offers a developed approach to assessing the level of inter-organizational relations of the enterprise with partners in the field of road transport. There are three basic strategically oriented areas of relationship management with partners: the company’s attitude to the partner (partner value); partner’s attitude to the enterprise (partner loyalty); the prospect of the relationship between the company and the partner. The main directions of evaluation according to the proposed characteristics are given, which reveal these directions for optimal use of opportunities in providing and developing motor-transport enterprise (MTE) partnerships. A system of indicators for assessing the level of MTE relationships with the main types of partners (both external and internal) has been formed. An algorithm for estimating the level of MTE relationships with individual partners is proposed. A scale for assessing the relationship of MTE with partners based on the definition of the category of the relationship level in accordance with the value of the generalized desirability function. For a visual assessment of the level of MTE relations with partners, it is proposed to use a matrix built in three-dimensional space, along whose axes there are complex indicators for assessing the level of interaction, which are strategically oriented areas of partner relations management. The offered methodical bases of an estimation of relationship with partners allow to estimate a level of relations with all types of partners, to group them on a level of relations, choose key partners, develop strategies of mutual relations, and form individual relations with key partners.
FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL
Authors: KOMCHATNYKH O.
Published: July 2021

The article defines and characterizes factors influencing transport enterprise innovative potential.
The author classifies theoretical approaches to defining the enterprise innovative potential and clarifies the category due to these approaches. The innovative potential is considered as an organic component of the general economic potential, which is identical with it by its structure, being shaped while affected by the available material and financial resources as well as the intellectual assets. It reflects the already reached innovations level, characterizing the potential ability of the enterprise to develop via implementation of possible innovations.
The author has established that the most often the influencing factors for the enterprise innovative potential are classified into the external and internal ones.  Using the classification and logical generalization methods, considering the transport function peculiarities, the influencing factors for transport enterprise innovative potential were classified into the internal and external ones (the direct and indirect influence).
The author categorizes the internal influencing factors onto the material, financial, human and relational, the external direct influencing factors are classified into the branch, regional and environmental, while the external factors of indirect influence can be economic, technological, political and social-cultural. The relation of these factors and their influence level onto the transport enterprise and transport branch innovative potential have been determined.
It has been established that the enterprise must predict and calculate the effect of all factors on the innovative activity. As the enterprise can directly influence only the internal potential, the enterprise innovative potential should be evaluated regarding the internal factors, which provide for its success.
LIBERALIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL ROAD TRANSPORTATION AS A NEW IMPULSE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
Authors: VOLYNETS L.
Published: July 2021

The article examines the influence of state regulators on the organization of the process of international road transportation for Ukrainian carriers.
It is substantiated that in the field of international road transportation there is a permit system between countries. That is, the main document that allows the performance of commercial transportation of goods or passengers on the territory of any state by a foreign vehicle is a permit to perform international road transportation of goods / passengers on the territory of a foreign state. A separate permit must be issued for each carriage of goods, which gives the right to carry out one run in the forward and reverse directions, unless another is stipulated in the permit itself. The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties will annually transmit to each other a mutually agreed number of forms of permits for the carriage of goods. In most cases, freight permits are issued within quotas on a parity basis.
It has been proven that the administrative barrier in the form of permits for international road transportation is a deterrent to the free market.
On the one hand, it is a kind of lever to protect national carriers, but on the other hand it is a restriction for the industry and not just transport.
After all, changes in the legislation of the European Union will have an effect on Ukrainian carriers. Since, the process of negotiations in the direction of liberalization of road freight transportation for Ukrainian carriers is becoming more difficult. Therefore, the agreements reached with the countries that have agreed to such a step are extremely important.
The legal acts included in the so-called Mobility Package and intended for the regulation of international road transportation in the European Union are described. Despite the fact that the norms of the Mobility Package now apply only to carriers from the EU member states and do not apply to carriers from the third countries, including Ukrainian, it is expected that the competent EU bodies will initiate proposals to extend a number of provisions of the Mobility Package to the carriers of non-EU countries.
The proposed liberalization of the conditions for international road transportation is a new impetus for the development of the transport industry, as the absence of any barriers in the form of permits is a competitive advantage of domestic carriers in the road transport market.
MODEL OF MATERIAL FLOW MANAGEMENT IN LOGISTICS SYSTEMS
Authors: АCHKASOVA L.
Published: July 2021

The expansion of relations between regions and states is the main reason for the complication and lengthening of material flow chains. The logistical approach to material flow management involves the need to integrate all the elements of the logistics process into a single system. The aim of the article is to form a model of material flow management taking into account the whole range of information flows that provide it.
To form the above model, the following methods were used: analyzed and synthesized information on approaches to defining the concept of material flow in logistics systems. Using a logical approach, the components of the material flow are determoned, that allow to fully identify it. The study also widely used methods of comparative analysis, a graphical method to reflect the proposed model.
The article further develops the model of material flow management, which, in contrast to the existing ones, takes into account the whole range of information flows that provide effective management of material flows in logistics systems.
The received model enables the enterprises to reach the set purposes more systematically, to increase the speed of material streams movement, to provide their quality and efficiency.
The obtained results, which include the development of a material flow management model in logistics systems, allow further research on the division of functions in the proposed model and the organization of the transition to effective material flow management.
EVOLUTION OF STATE REGULATION INSTRUMENTS FOR INNOVATIVE CHANGES IN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: DMYTRIIEVA O.
Published: July 2021

Implementation of the priority areas for innovative development of the transport infrastructure of Ukraine requires modernized state instruments in the field of stimulating the innovative transformations at transport facilities. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the obtained scientific results, the theories of public administration and general innovative development, which are dominant today in the system of modern economic thought, as well as the concepts of innovative development of Ukraine’s transport infrastructure, have been studied in detail. In the modern theory of public administration, the basic signs of state regulation, the purposes and goals of state regulation of economy and the basic principles have been determined. Based on the analysis of European experience, the directions of state regulation for innovative development for EU transport infrastructure are presented in the areas that are fundamental in ensuring the effective functioning and innovative development of transport infrastructure of any country in the world: planning; statutory framework and regulation; state procurement; standardization. It has been determined that the EU seeks to create a modern integrated transport system that will strengthen the global level of competitiveness of the transport system of the participating countries and meet the challenges of sustainable development, the trends of digitalization of society and inclusive growth. Systematization and generalization of the obtained results made it possible to identify the main stages of transformation of the theory of state regulation for transport infrastructure innovative development (dogmatic regulation, strategic regulation, innovation integration). Currently, the state is making only the first attempts to form a modern system of state regulation of transport infrastructure innovative development in accordance with the theory of innovative integration. Disclosure of this periodization enables to identify specific features of the current stage of transformation and the shortcomings of the domestic policy of state regulation for innovative development of transport infrastructure.
ORGANIZATION OF LABOUR IN THE SYSTEM OF «ECONOMICAL» HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Authors: KUDRYAVTSEVA O.
Published: July 2021

The human resource management system is dynamic because it requires transformation taking into account the changes in external and internal conditions, goals and objectives of the organization. The goal is the basis that determines the direction and nature of the behavior of the object of management to achieve the desired results. In modern conditions, achieving the goals of the organization requires integration of goals and interests of the organization and employees, changing attitudes and approaches to management based on an “economical” approach. To implement this approach to human resource management requires the formation of a subsystem of labour organization in the human resources management system. The introduction of the subsystem of labour organization is carried out using the introduction of new forms of labour organization; enrichment of labour content; creating conditions for professional and career growth; ensuring safe working conditions; participation of employees in the process of developing and making management decisions; ensuring fair and appropriate remuneration for work. To address this issue, the paper presents a model of labour organization, whose elements are divided into two levels of importance. The first level includes the content of work, and the elements of the second level are the remuneration of employees, their professional development, working conditions. In addition, the paper proposes to consider the system of human resource management, which introduces subsystems of formation, use and development of human resource, as well as labour organization. The links between the elements give the human resource management system certain properties, such as generation, interaction, transformation and development. Particular attention is paid to the subsystem of labour organization, which is designed to change management approaches in other subsystems, based on the principle of recognition of the main role of human resource in the organization. The introduction of the subsystem of labour organization in the human resource management system will reduce the severity of the problem of personnel management in organizations.
Immunity indicators in tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Matvyeye S.L. , Shevchenko O.S.
Published: July 2021

Objective — to study the parameters of immunity in tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus and with subclinical hypothyroidism against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis.

Materials and methods. 60 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus were under observation. In 30 patients with destructive tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis with subclinical hypothyroidism, the parameters of humoral and cellular immunity were studied. The control group consisted of 30 patients with destructive tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus with intact structure and function of the thyroid gland. In patients of both groups, we assessed the state of T- and B-systems of immunity, natural killers.

Results and discussion. The phenotyping of lymphocytes was carried out and the relative content of T-cells was determined: CD3+, T-helpers (CD4+), cytotoxic T-cells, B-lymphocytes (CD19+) and natural killer cells (CD16+). Using the enzyme immunoassay, the cytokine profile was determined: the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interleukin-2, -6 and -4. It has been established that in patients with diabetes mellitus, both cellular and humoral immunity are suppressed. But a significantly more significant suppression of immunity was diagnosed in patients with tuberculosis against the background of diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroiditis with subclinical hypothyroidism.

Conclusions. According to the authors, it is the deficiency of thyroid hormones that is the negative effect of a more significant suppression of immunity in patients autoimmune thyroiditis with subclinical hypothyroidism.
Features of interpretation of data of light and spectral dermatoscopy in patients with actinic keratosis
Authors: Zapolsky M.E. , Lebediuk M.M. , Tepliuk Yu.V. , Prokofyeva N.B.
Published: July 2021

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common disease that is formed as a result of excessive insolation of exposed skin areas. One of the possible options for the development of the disease is the transformation of AK into squamous cell carcinoma. The timely diagnosis of suspicious areas of AK with their subsequent excision and histological examination has great importance in the prevention of neoplastic transformations of the skin.The aim of our study was to identify dermatoscopic patterns of the initial stages of neoplastic transformation of actinic keratosis and a comparative analysis of the diagnostic effectiveness of digital dermatoscopy, two­color spectral dermatoscopy in relation to histological examination in a group of individuals suffering from actinic keratosis.There were 49 patients with AK under our supervision. All suspected cases of keratosis were additionally examined histologically. We analyzed the features of clinical forms and modified existing diagnostic methods. To expand the diagnostic capabilities of standard dermatoscopy, studies were performed in different ranges of light. Spectral dermatoscopy allowed estimating the potential foci of neoplastic transformation in blue and green light field (standard illumination range was suppressed). Particular attention was paid to areas of increased keratinization, areas of excessive vascularization with a predominance of superficial capillary network, micro­ulcers with loose edges that contrast well with the green spectrum, as well as dynamic changes in color in one field of study for 30 days.It was found that the use of spectral dermatoscopy increases the diagnostic capabilities of AK and allows identifying more accurately the early signs of neoplastic transformations associated with both pathological neoangiogenesis («strawberry» pattern, glomerular network) and pathological proliferation (pseudogranulations, pathological keratinization, etc.).
Sexually transmitted infections in the penitentiary system (analysis of scientific publications and own data)
Authors: Mavrov G.I. , Osinska T.V. , Shcherbakova Yu.V. , Kurushin D.D. , Kalashnikovа I.V.
Published: July 2021

Objective — assessing the current prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV in prisons in the context of a holistic consideration of the problem, and taking into account our own pilot studies on the prevalence of herpes simplex virus infection type 1 (HSV-1) and disorders of the psycho-emotional state of patients.

Materials and methods. The search was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of PRISMA 2009, 2020 (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses). The data of own research of 33 convicted men and 29 women are also presented.

Results and discussion. Among 33 convicted men, IgM HSV-1 markers were diagnosed in 6.7 % cases, and among 29 women — in 4.9 % cases, IgG HSV-1 markers — in 92.8 % and 96.9 % cases, respectively. In the process of assessing the psycho-emotional state of patients with HSV-1 markers, the average scores on the scale of anxiety and depression (HADS) ranged from 7.6 to 8.9 points, which directly correlated with the duration of the disease, the number of exacerbations and rash in the labial, genital and perianal areas (61.9—71.4 %).Despite the difficult material, logistical and sanitary conditions in penitentiaries, they may be more favorable to the vast majority of convicts than the way of life they lived in freedom, given the fact that vulnerable groups often do not have adequate access to health care services. For most of them, imprisonment is an opportunity to get the treatment, preventive measures and basic health information they need.

Conclusions. The significant prevalence of STIs/HIV in the penitentiary institutions of the world has been confirmed. Among convicts in Ukraine, serological markers of HSV-1 are quite common.