bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The job involvement construct and its measurement
Authors: Hoole C. , Boshoff A. B.
Published: August 2019

Job involvement is an important construct from both the individual and organizational perspective and has therefore received considerable attention from researchers over the last three decades. Numerous definitions of job involvement exist and it is still not clear of what job involvement is and how it should be viewed, despite the multitude of studies investigating job involvement. Under these circumstances, the focus of the paper is on a review of job involvement, its conceptualisation and measurement. The literature is reviewed, main streams of thought are identified and recommendations for research are stated.
Prediction of the success level of entrepreneurial ventures by means of biographical and business variables in a third world setting
Authors: Bosbof A. B. , Theron S. W. , Schutte J. L.
Published: August 2019

A study to determine the degree to which biographical and business variables can predict entrepreneurial success is described. Archival data obtained from the records of a venture capital organization were used. Data were obtained for two cohorts, each of which represented individuals to whom financial assistance was provided in a given financial year. Criterion data consisted of the entrepreneurs' accounts three or four years later. The total sample consisted of 569 small business owners in 435 business firms. Data were captured on 14 biographical and 16 business variables. A statistical analysis strategy to limit capitalization on chance was implemented. The results indicated that the number of loans granted, nationality of entrepreneurs, security cover, education level, economic sector, number of dependants, language preference, and race appeared as predictors of success.
Estonian currency board and economic performance
Authors: Sõrg M.
Published: August 2019

The sole function of an orthodox (or "pure") currency board was to issue paper money fully backed by foreign assets, for which it was exchangeable at a fixed rate. Present-day currency board arrangements, however, are usually coupled with certain instruments of monetary policy too, albeit less extensive than in the case of conventional central banks. This paper sketches the establishment of the Estonian currency board in 1992, and its subsequent impact on the economic reform and performance in Estonia.
'n Minimum loon vir huishulpe: Antwoorde vir beleidmakers
Authors: Bothma L. J. , Jordaan C. J.
Published: August 2019

This study, which was conducted in a Bloemfontein residential area, revealed that a considerable number of domestic workers may lose their jobs if a minimum wage is implemented. In order to keep job losses to the minimum, a minimum wage should not be too far above the current market wage level. This article sets out how labour market theory and empirical research can assist policymakers to determine market and minimum wage levels for domestic workers. The main conclusion of the research is that a minimum wage for domestic workers should be regressive - higher for part-time than full-time workers.
Correlates of type a behaviour among professionals
Authors: Van Wyk R. , Boshoff A. B. , Bester C. L.
Published: August 2019

A review of the relevant literature indicates that a study of the relationships between Type A behaviour and personal as well as organizational variables is necessary. Information was gathered from 375 professionals on a number of demographic and personality variables, as well as Type A behaviour. MANOVA, Product-moment correlation, and Multiple regression were used to determine the relationships between Type A behaviour and other variables. Total Type A scores could be predicted reasonably well by means of personality variables. Demographic variables were less closely related to Type A scores.
Interest based bargaining: The role of the trust relationship between employer and employee
Authors: De Villiers David
Published: August 2019

This paper highlights the inherent adversarialism of traditional collective bargaining, and the various attempts that have been made by academics and practitioners to find ways to minimize the adversarial nature of the process. The paper then examines a number of cases where Interest Based Bargaining was used to create a positive, co-operative collective bargaining climate, and derives a number of guiding principles. Finally, the paper shows that building and maintaining a relationship of trust is a prerequisite for constructive collective bargaining.
Is the South African business cycle time dependent?
Authors: Frank Ashley G.
Published: August 2019

This study is concerned with the South African business cycle and makes use of the hazard function to determine the importance of duration for its analysis. This function gives the conditional probability that a state sustained through a previous period will end in the current one. The study estimates this probability for both economic downturn and expansion. At the 95 per cent confidence level, there is no statistical underpinning found for conventional ideas about the likelihood of an upturn or downturn in the economy over time. The duration of a business cycle does not help predict the turning point
The controllable elements of the total retail experience: A study of clothing shoppers
Authors: Terblanche N. S. , Boshoff C.
Published: August 2019

Retail clothing stores continually have to adapt to marketplace demands to remain competitive. Customer retention has become a major objective for many clothing retailers. This study combines the management of a number of the controllable personal and non-personal elements that a customer are exposed to and interacts within a retail store, as part of the shopping experience. The data analysis procedures closely followed the guidelines for scale development suggested by Churchill (1979). The empirical results suggest that there are five dimensions considered important by consumers when assessing their satisfaction with a total retail experience in a clothing store. These are: merchandise value, internal store environment, personal interaction with staff, merchandise variety and complaint handling.
Globalisation and economic growth in South Africa: Do we benefit from trade and financial liberalisation?
Authors: Loots Elsabe
Published: August 2019

This article investigates whether the process of globalisation, through trade and financial liberalisation, benefits economic growth in emerging market economies in general and in South Africa in particular. The analysis of trade openness and liberalisation in emerging market economies reveals that trade volume has a relative small impact on GDP per capita, while trade liberalisation led to an approximate 50 per cent increase on GDP per capita. The analysis of the financial dimension showed that capital account openness is associated with a 34 per cent increase in real GDP per capita growth over the period, while financial liberalisation seems to have a dramatic impact of approximately 136 per cent. In South Africa approximately 98 per cent of the current growth performance in the country can be explained by the forces of globalisation.
Evaluating sectoral training: A utility tool for Setas
Authors: Lee Gregory J.
Published: August 2019

The South African skills development framework has mandated Sectoral Education and Training Authorities (SETAs) to initiate sector-specific training programmes. If SETA planning is to be proactive, the evaluation and forecasting of improvements in industry outcomes from these training programmes (such as productivity or profitability metrics) should be of concern. This article pursues this end through the well-established area of decision theoretic utility analysis. It suggests a method whereby SETAs may forecast or estimate the industry gains from a given training programme. It is suggested that percentage increases in output may be the utility output of greatest interest and use to SETAs. The national accounts of South Africa are used to estimate the appropriate input data for each industry in these techniques. Other issues in application and research are also suggested.
Contribution of support and incentive programs to entrepreneurial orientation and start-up culture in South Africa
Authors: Pretorius Marius , Van Vuuren Jurie
Published: August 2019

This paper discussed the role of an entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and start-up culture to enhance economic development. It investigates the proposition that the South African culture is conducive to EO. Secondly, this paper investigates the available programs from an entrepreneurial culture perspective. Programs are categorised to delineate their different focuses. Key issues reported include the program focus, the level of venture development aimed at and their target groups. Finally it questions the contribution of these programs to entrepreneurial culture and suggests remedies. The paper concludes that despite the number of different programs that exist, the concept of entrepreneurial culture to improve EO is not addressed.
Perspectives of primary healthcare providers on implementing cancer screening services in tribal block of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Patil Anushree D. , Salvi Neha R. , Shahina Begum , Pimple A. Sharmila , Mishra A. Gauravi , Chauhan L. Sanjay , Joshi Beena Nitin
Published: August 2019

Background: Breast, cervical, and oral cancers contribute to majority of cancer deaths among women in India. However, there is poor implementation of screening programs at primary health care (PHC). There is a need to understand the perspectives of healthcare providers at PHC level for feasibility of implementation of a cost-effective cancer screening program, particularly in the rural and tribal areas that are under served by cancer services. Materials and Methods: A continuous medical education (CME) program on “Prevention and early detection of common cancers” was held for all Medical Officers of Palghar District, Maharashtra. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude, practices, perspectives regarding common cancers, screening methods, and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination. A pre- and post-assessment was carried out before the commencement and on completion of the CME among 76 participants. Results: Knowledge about etiology of common cancers was high; however, awareness of risk factors was low. There were knowledge gaps about HPV vaccination. There was overall improvement about the available screening methods and knowledge of HPV vaccine and dosages after the CME (pretest 65% to posttest 95%). Providers had no experience in performing cervical cancer screening on a routine basis. While the majority of the providers (97%) indicated that screening for cancer was essential and feasible at PHC level; however, training (52%) and resources (53%) would be needed. Conclusion: Healthcare providers though from the underserved tribal areas, were optimistic to implement screening for common cancers and were willing to take training for the same. This emphasizes the need for educating and training the healthcare providers with simple techniques for effective implementation of cancer screening programs in underserved areas.
A (In)Visibilidade do Graffiti e da Pichação: Subjetivando Juventudes?
Authors: Mayer Andressa Sauzem , Brum Lucas Motta , Santos Samara Silva dos
Published: August 2019

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo compreender o significado do graffiti e da pichação para os jovens transgressores, assim como as motivações, sentimentos e relações sociais implícitas nessas práticas. Fizeram parte deste estudo seis jovens em conflito com a lei, que possuíam envolvimento com pichação numa cidade no interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os critérios de seleção para a participação neste estudo foram: possuir envolvimento com pichação ou graffiti, ter idade entre 15 a 29 anos. Como instrumento para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada uma entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado, que abordou os seguintes tópicos: dados sociodemográficos, informações sobre as vivências relacionadas ao envolvimento com graffiti e pichação, e os significados atribuídos a essa infração. Os dados obtidos com as entrevistas foram analisados qualitativamente. As informações foram organizadas em duas categorias temáticas: “Adrenalina e Visibilidade” e “Expressão e Subjetividade”. Os resultados evidenciaram questões relacionadas à necessidade dos jovens de se expressar e se comunicar, enquanto sujeitos, ressaltando a importância de compreender por quais espaços circulam, que lugar ocupam no contemporâneo e o que querem por meio dessas intervenções. Por fim, destaca-se a forma com que a juventude tem se relacionado com o risco e como tem sido tratada no contemporâneo, em meio a espaços restritos e limitados, em que a marginalização e a criminalização dessas manifestações sociais se fazem presentes. Desse modo, ressaltam-se as potencialidades do graffiti e da pichação enquanto poder criativo, transformador e subjetivador para além da transgressão.
Sierra Leone
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: August 2019

The Government of Sierra Leone’s new Medium-term National Development Plan (MTNDP) 2019–2023 has been founded on a strong political commitment to deliver devel-opment results that would improve the welfare of Sierra Leone’s citizens.
The plan charts a clear path towards 2023 en route to the goal of achieving middle-income status by 2039 through inclusive growth that is sustainable and leaves no one behind. For the next five years, the Free Quality School Education Programme is the government’s flagship programme to provide a solid base to enhance human capital development and to facilitate the transformation of the economy.
Singapore
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Published: August 2019

Singapore’s macroeconomic performance has been impressive. GDP per capita more than doubled in the last twenty years and income inequality has been declining since the GFC. Policies have been aimed at boosting growth while promoting greater equity. As a highly open economy and an important financial center, Singapore is strongly influenced by developments in the region and the rest of the world. Singapore’s growth is expected to continue to moderate as export momentum slows and growth drivers shift back to domestic demand. Inflationary pressures remain modest. The current account surplus declined in 2019Q1 from a year ago but remains large as a share of GDP. Risks to the near-term outlook are tilted to the downside and arise mainly from external sources. Over the medium term, modern services are expected to become increasingly important in driving growth.
Temporal trends of 137Cs activity concentration in pond waters in the vicinity of Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant
Authors: Wakiyama Yoshifumi , Konoplev Alexei , Wada Toshihiro , Takase Tsugiko , Igarashi Yasunori , Nanba Kenji , Byrnes Ian
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Closed and semi-closed water bodies, such as lakes and
ponds, are important water resources in Fukushima area and they are the most
sensitive environments to radioactive contamination after the Fukushima
Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident. Wakiyama et al. (2017) investigated
137Cs activity in water and bottom sediment in four ponds; Suzuuchi (SU), Funasawa (FS), Inkyozaka (IZ), and Kashiramori (KM), within 10 km zone
from the FDNPP during 2015–2016. This study follows up their observation to address longer time trends of 137Cs activity concentration in pond waters and to show speciation of 137Cs in soil and bottom sediment.
Mean total 137Cs activity concentration in water ranged from
2.5 to 29 Bq L−1. There was not found steady trend in the activity concentration
of total and particulate 137Cs for four ponds. The concentration of
dissolved 137Cs was usually low in winter during the entire observation
period in all four ponds. A tendency to a decrease in the 137Cs
activity concentration in suspended sediments was found for four ponds and
the decreasing rate constants, including radiological decay, on SU, FS, IZ
and KM were 0.33, 0.53, 0.29 and 0.25 yr−1, respectively. The results
of sequential extractions of soil and bottom sediment samples showed higher
proportion of bioavailable 137Cs, i.e., exchangeable and organic bound
137Cs, in bottom sediment than in the soil.
Böske Simon, Miss Hungaria and Miss Europa (1929): Beauty Pageants and Packaging Gender, Race, and National Identity in Interwar Hungary
Authors: Vasvári Louise O.
Published: August 2019

In this interdisciplinary article that draws on the intersections of Hungarian and Jewish Studies within a framework of cultural studies and gender studies, Louise O. Vasvári investigates the socio-political role of beauty pageants in 1920s European and—more specifically—in Hungarian social, political and cultural life. The article is structured as a case study of the life of Böske Simon, who was born into a bourgeois Jewish family in 1909 and who won the first Miss Hungaria competition in 1929, soon followed by the title of Miss Europa. Vasvári aims to place Simon’s role as Hungarian beauty queen in a broader focus by examining from a gender perspective the international development of beauty pageants, of the illustrated press, and of commercial beauty culture in the 1920s. She examines the symbolic space allotted to the concept “Modern Girl,” who in the interwar [re]construction of gender and national identities came to represent both the enticements and the dangers of modernity. More specifically, she examines how the problematic gender representation of women in such pageants and their reception by the press and by the public interact in the broader interwar nationalistic cultural sphere in post-Trianon Hungary.
Bitcoin and Venezuela's Unofficial Exchange Rate
Authors: Johnson Jackie
Published: August 2019

Using Bitcoin trading data in Venezuelan bolivars from the LocalBitcoins peer-to-peer market place and using the theory of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), Bitcoin, as a single universal asset, is substituted for the ‘basket of goods’ normally used in the PPP, allowing the estimation of the relationship between the Venezuelan bolivar and the United States dollar.  In this analysis Bitcoin is used as a tool to enable the calculation of the bolivars to dollars unofficial exchange rate and consequently the implied inflation rate.  Using Bitcoin’s publicly available prices in this way enables a government’s economic mismanagement to be identified more quickly than the typical approach of measuring changes in the Consumer Price Index.  Venezuela is currently in crisis, which this approach identifies as a problem as far back as 2014, as official and unofficial exchange rates diverge and inflation rates increase yearly reaching an unbelievable 70,000% in 2018 alone.
Across the great divide: How today's college students engage with news
Authors: Head Alison J , DeFrain Erica , Fister Barbara , MacMillan Margy
Published: August 2019

This paper reports results from a mixed-methods study about how college students engage with news when questions of credibility and “fake news” abound in the U.S. Findings are based on 5,844 online survey responses, one open-ended survey question (N=1,252), and 37 follow-up telephone interviews with students enrolled at 11 U.S. colleges and universities. More than two-thirds of respondents had received news from at least five pathways to news during the previous week; often their news came from discussions with peers, posts on social media platforms, online newspaper sites, discussions with professors, or news feeds. The classroom was an influential incubator for news habits; discussions of news provided relevant connections to curricular content as well as guidance for navigating a complex and crowded online media landscape. Respondents majoring in the arts and humanities, social sciences, and business administration were far more likely to get news from their professors than were students in computer science or engineering. The interplay between unmediated and mediated pathways to news underscored the value of the socialness of news; discussions with peers, parents, and professors helped students identify which stories they might follow and trust. Opportunities and strategies are identified for preparing students to gather and evaluate credible news sources, first as students and then as lifelong learners, based on the assumption that instructors discussing news in class can demonstrate intentionally, or unintentionally, that familiarity with news is a social practice and a form of civic engagement.
Diabetes Management and Control Using Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) Healing System
Authors: Rajagopal Ashalatha H. , Ashwin Ramya , Nanduri Venkata S.
Published: August 2019

Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV), which is a non-touch non-drug biofield-energy healing method performed by trained YPV healers, is used successfully as complementary and also as alternative medicine to cure various human ailments, including diabetes.The present study was carried out by analyzing data collected during three years from YPV healing camps in which diabetes patients were healed. The findings show that in the sample of 19 patients healed for type 2 diabetes, there was medically acceptable reduction of blood sugar level for some and appreciable decreased levels for all. This indicates that primarily the targeted YPV healing framework was effective and worked well in the management and control of diabetes for the sample subjects.YPV protocols used in healing Diabetes are examined in detail and YPV process framework and model are presented. The authors conclude that the evidence gathered in this study confirms successful outcome of YPV practice in the management and control of diabetes and offers scope for targeted research in future on bigger scale.
Understanding U.S. Health Systems: Using Mixed Methods to Unpack Organizational
Complexity
Authors: Ridgely M. Susan , Duffy Erin , Wolf Laura , Vaiana Mary , Scanlon Dennis , Buttorff Christine , Leitzell Brigitt , Ahluwalia Sangeeta , Hilton Lara , Agniel Denis , Haviland Amelia , Damberg Cheryl L.
Published: August 2019

Introduction: As hospitals and physician organizations increasingly vertically
integrate, there is an important opportunity to use health systems to improve
performance. Prior research has largely relied on secondary data sources, but little is
known about how health systems are organized “on the ground” and what mechanisms are
available to influence physician practice at the front line of care.Methods: We
collected in-depth information on eight health systems through key informant interviews,
descriptive surveys, and document review. Qualitative data were systematically coded. We
conducted analyses to identify organizational structures and mechanisms through which
health systems influence practice.Results: As expected, we found that health systems
vary on multiple dimensions related to organizational structure (e.g., size, complexity)
which reflects history, market and mission. With regard to levers of influence, we
observed within-system variation both in mechanisms (e.g., employment of physicians,
system-wide EHR, standardization of service lines) and level of influence. Concepts such
as “core” versus “peripheral” were more salient than “ownership” versus
“contract.”Discussion: Data from secondary sources can help identify and map health
systems, but they do not adequately describe them or the variation that exists within
and across systems. To examine the degree to which health systems can influence
performance, more detailed and nuanced information on health system characteristics is
necessary.Conclusion: The mixed-methods data accrual approach used in this study
provides granular qualitative data that enables researchers to describe multi-layered
health systems, grasp the context in which they operate, and identify the key drivers of
performance.
Interação entre disfunções temporomandibulares, diagnósticos e modalidades de tratamento
Authors: Santos Renato Dos , Montibeller Grasielli Varnier , Campos Mara Lucia , Oliveira Karen Correa
Published: August 2019

Objetivo: esclarecer a importância de interação diagnóstica, tratamento e desordens temporomandibulares. Revisão de literatura: a necessidade de conhecimento para avaliar o funcionamento do sistema estomatognático identificando possíveis desordens temporomandibulares e mialgias faciais é de suma importância. Por meio de anamnese e exame clínico detalhado, é possível selecionar e instituir um plano de tratamento. Tratar desordens temporomandibulares e mialgias faciais associadas às deformidades dentoesqueléticas depende de um diagnóstico correto e, principalmente, de um plano de tratamento adequado, pois, havendo equívoco, poderá resultar em um mau prognóstico. As modalidades de tratamento das desordens articulares incluem os tratamentos conservadores e os não conservadores. Presume-se que a grande maioria dos pacientes que buscam um tratamento cirúrgico baseiam-se nas recomendações dos ortodontistas, porém, nem sempre enfocam os aspectos esqueletais de uma má oclusão severa, o que pode não ser conduzido da maneira mais adequada para o reestabelecimento da funcionalidade facial. Considerações finais: condutas terapêuticas instituídas nas desordens temporomandibulares não orientadas, descartando hipóteses fatoriais diversas, podem comprometer um futuro tratamento ou agravar a situação patológica presente.
Assessment of Instructors’ Technology Competency to be Used in the Settings of Formal and Non-Formal Education
Authors: Vovk Myroslava P. , Sotska Halyna I. , Trynus Olena V. , Muzyka Olga Ja.
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study was to test the model of diagnostic assessment of the level of formedness of the competency of pedagogical staff to use teaching technologies when applied in the settings of formal and non-formal education and to see whether the model creates opportunities for designing a strategy for professional lifelong development of teaching staff. A convergent (computer-oriented and traditional) methodology was used in this study including: the methodology for examination of the motivation drivers of professional activity (K. Zamfir); “Square of Values” methodology by O. Murzina; methodology of self-assessment of vocational and pedagogical motivation, Bass’s questionnaire on orientations entitled “Personality orientations”, Henning’s methodology called “Structure of Interests”, Criteria Cognitive Aptitude Test. It has been proved that the majority of teaching staff demonstrated the imitative and reproductive level of formedness of the professional competency consistent with all criteria. It seems that educators strive for self-improvement and self-development in using teaching technology in formal and non-formal education settings. This study results can be well used either to develop the structure and content of the professional development or post-graduation programs for the teaching personnel at the instructional institutions or to assess of the level of formedness of the professional competence of pedagogical staff to use teaching technologies in the settings of formal and non-formal education. The study attempts for the first time ever to assess professionalism-related competency in using teaching technology in formal and non-formal education settings and to specify the value orientations, motives, needs, spectrum of knowledge, skills, and abilities comprising the level of proficiency in this area as it is viewed through the needs of the labour market.
Mucosal wave measurements in the diagnosis of functional dysphonia
Authors: Szkiełkowska Agata , Krasnodębska Paulina , Miaśkiewicz Beata , Włodarczyk Elżbieta , Domeracka-Kolodziej Anna , Skarżyński Henryk
Published: August 2019

ntroduction: The publication describes the characteristics of the glottis in FDs objectified by OQ, measured with VSK and EGG. Aim: The aim of the study was to objectify glottal function in different types of FDs. The scope was to use open quotients gained from various mucosal wave imaging techniques for differential diagnosis of FDs. Material and Method: The study included 204 individuals. In the study, each patient underwent otolaryngological and phoniatric examination. LVS, EGG and VSK were conducted, their results were recorded and stored using an EndoSTROB-DX- -Xion GmbH (Berlin) device with DIVAS software. Results: All patients with FDs had abnormalities in LVS. A statistical analysis showed differences in LVS characteristics according to the type of FD. The mean value of OQVSK was 0.521 in the control group and 0.565 in the study group (P < 0.05). Significant differences were found between patients with hypofunctional – 0.584 and hyperfunctional dysphonia – 0.55. The QOQEGG mean value in patients with FDs was 0.581 and in the control group 0.549 (P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences between groups of patients with hyper- and hypofunctional dysphonias. Medians amounted to 0.574 and 0.604, respectively. Authors observed different relations of OQ with the type of FD. They decided to introduce a new parameter, illustrating the proportion of QOQEGG/OQVSK. Conclusions: Videostrobokymographic and electroglottographic open quotients differentiate euphony from dysphony. The value of OQVSK and QOQEGG and their proportion varies depending on different types of functional dysphonias. The OQVSK and QOQEGG should be included in the diagnostic algorithm of voice.
Antioxidative assessment of new trans palladium(II) complexes in head and neck cancer
Authors: Malinowska Katarzyna , Kaczmarczyk Dariusz , Zajdel Radosław , Merecz-Sadowska Anna , Olszewski Jurek , Nowak-Zduńczyk Alicja , Zielińska-Bliźniewska Hanna
Published: August 2019

Background: The head and neck neoplasms stand for 6% of all malignant neoplasms worldwide. The chemotherapy has limited use due to the tumor biological properties (in majority of cases moderately and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma). The fundamental molecule used in the treatment is cisplatin and its derivates, that can be associated with fluorouracil. The new chemotherapeutic agents are not in common use during the treatment of head and neck malignancies. However, use of low molecular weight complexes Pd(II) have the potential to be more effective in therapy.
Material and Methods: Fifty-one patients, 30 men and 21 women (aged 52.9 ± 12.1 years) with head and neck cancer were included in the study. Fifty-one healthy subjects, 31 men and 20 women, (aged 54.1 ± 14.7 years) years formed the control group. Antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities in erythrocytes were examined.
Results: The increases level of antioxidant enzymes were seen in blood sample from patients with head and neck cancer after incubation with Pd(II) complex.. For that group we obtained statistically significant result p = <0.001
Discussion: That project may contribute to the development of new more efficient head and neck cancer treatment strategies. In our opinion, the results can be used in the future to develop a valuable prognostic marker of the disease. This is important because the initial phase of cancer is asymptomatic. The search for factors involved in pathogenesis translates into economic benefits and make therapy more effectiveness through reduce treatment expenses.
The European Union Budget in Times of Crises
Authors: Kaiser Robert , Prange-Gstöhl Heiko
Published: August 2019

With each Multiannual Financial Framework, the European Union determines its political priorities and the degree of solidarity among its member states for a period of seven years. This book analyses why it is the path-dependent structure of the financial framework that provides for necessary reforms of the budget under the condition of institutional stability. Based on its analysis, the book presents scenarios of stability and change for the 2021–2027 financing period.
New Natural Law Theory and the Common Good of the Political Community
Authors: Mark Daniel ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: August 2019

Some critics question new natural law theorists’ conception of the common good of the political community, namely, their interpretation of St. Thomas Aquinas and the conclusion that the political common good is primarily instrumental rather than intrinsic and transcendent. Contrary to these objections, the common good of the political community is primarily instrumental. It aims chiefly at securing the conditions for human flourishing. Its unique ability to use the law to bring about justice and peace and promote virtue in individuals may make the common good of the political community critically important. Nevertheless, it is still not an intrinsic aspect of human flourishing. Unlike the family or a religious group, membership in a political community is not an end in itself.
Desarrollando un modelo de participación social en el deporte para todos en Irán
Authors: Javadipoor M. , Zareian H. , Parsaju A.
Published: August 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio es diseñar un modelo de participación social en el deporte para todos en Irán. Basándose en la naturaleza exploratoria del tema de investigación, el método de estudio fue cualitativo y se llevó a cabo una estrategia de teoría fundamentada para diseñar un modelo de participación social en el deporte para todos en Irán. El muestreo fue intencional y tuvo un método de bola de nieve. La saturación teórica se obtuvo después de 27 entrevistas semiestructuradas con expertos en la materia, y, a continuación, se extrajeron las categorías principales después de completar un proceso de codificación. Los resultados de la codificación abierta revelaron que 811 indicadores iniciales y 184 indicadores finales determinaron las condiciones y estrategias causales, subyacentes e intermedias de la participación social en el deporte para todos en Irán. Los indicadores finales se clasificaron en 63 conceptos y 28 categorías en la codificación axial y, finalmente, las categorías identificadas como resultado de la codificación selectiva explicaron un modelo de participación social en el deporte para todos en Irán.

The present study aims to design a social participation model in Iran's sports for all. Based on the exploratory nature of the research subject, the study method was qualitative and a grounded theory strategy was carried out to design a social participation model in Iran's sports for all. Sampling was purposive and had a snowball method. The theoretical saturation was obtained after 27 deep and semi-structured interviews with knowledgeable experts, and then major categories were extracted after completing a coding process. Results of open coding revealed that 811 initial indicators and 184 final indicators determined causal, underlying and intervening conditions, strategies and consequences of social participation in Iran's sports for all. Final indicators were classified into 63 concepts and 28 categories in the axial coding, and finally identified categories resulting from selective coding explained a social participation model in Iran's sports for all.
Diseño de un modelo de evaluación del rendimiento deportivo en la provincia de Khouzestan, Irán, con Modelización Estructural Interpretativa
Authors: Mazarei E. , Heydarinejad S. , Shafienia P. , Zarra-Nezhad M.
Published: August 2019

Cualquier organización deportiva necesita un sistema de evaluación del rendimiento para garantizar la conveniencia de sus actividades, especialmente en entornos dinámicos y complicados. El objetivo de este estudio fue utilizar Modelización Estructural Interpretativa (ISM) para proponer un modelo de evaluación del rendimiento para las oficinas de jóvenes y deportes en la provincia de Khuzestan, Irán. Este es un estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo-analítico. La población estadística estuvo formada por 120 expertos científicos y ejecutivos. Se invitó a 60 individuos a participar y, finalmente, se seleccionaron 30 individuos como los encuestados finales mediante un método de muestreo intencional. La herramienta de medición de datos fue un cuestionario elaborado por investigadores. Su validez fue confirmada por los expertos. Se utilizaron métodos estadísticos descriptivos e inferenciales para analizar los datos. Se empleó MATLAB para analizar los datos relativos al modelo estructural interpretativo. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de las estrategias se encuentran en el área vinculada según el análisis de influencia poder y dependencia (Tabla MICMAC). Además, los resultados de la clasificación de la estrategia indicaron que las estrategias esenciales fueron: estrategias de planificación deportiva, legislación, eliminación de obstáculos estructurales, creación del consejo estratégico de deportes de la provincia, y enfoque de gestión estratégica.

Any sport organization intensively needs a performance evaluation system to ensure the desirability of its activities, particularly in dynamic and complicated environments. The objective of this study was to use interpretive structural modeling (ISM) to propose a performance evaluation model for the youth and sports offices in Khuzestan Province, Iran. This is a quantitative study of descriptive-analytical type. The statistical population consisted of 120 scientific and executive experts. 60 individuals were invited to participate, and finally, 30 individuals were selected as the final respondents by purposive sampling method. The data measurement tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Its validity was confirmed by the experts. Descriptive and inferential statistics methods were used to analyze the data. MATLAB was employed to analyze the data concerning the interpretive structural model. The results showed that most of the strategies are in the linked area according to the analysis of the influence power and dependence (MICMAC Table). Moreover, the results of the strategy classification indicated that the most essential strategies were: strategies of sport preparation scheme, legislation, structural obstacles elimination, creation of the province sport strategic council, and strategic management approach.
Soyons réalistes, demandons l’impossible ! Courbet 68
Authors: Desbuissons Frédérique
Published: August 2019

Shot in 1967 and released in March 1968, by the young, engaged filmmaker Charles Belmont, Mood Indigo is a political interpretation of Boris Vian’s novel of 1947. The poetic world of Vian, mixing surrealism with jazz and symbolist literature, intersects in the film with references to 19th-century realist painting by Courbet and Millet. These appear as pictures on the walls, transformed into tableaux vivants, or as a personification of Courbet wandering in the landscape. Such paradoxical mobilization of realist painting, which professed to exclude the imagination, needs be considered as constituting a case of the reception of realism in the context of 1968. Over and beyond witnessing how “bourgeois” investments in the cultural heritage could be targeted on the part of militants of the extreme left, Mood Indigo contributes to the subversion of the traditional opposition between the real and the imaginary underlying the mythic graffiti “Be realistic, demand the impossible” that flourished on the walls of Paris that Spring.
The Other(’s) Toronto Public Art: The Challenge of Displaying Canadians’ Narratives in a Multicultural/Diasporic City
Authors: Hernandez Analays Alvarez
Published: August 2019

Cet article explore les controverses sévissant autour de quelques oeuvres permanentes d’art public commémoratif, commandées ou financées par le public ou le privé, qui ont été érigées à Toronto afin de représenter des récits nationaux et extranationaux associés à des communautés ethnoculturelles. À travers l’analyse de plusieurs études de cas, nous démontrons comment et pourquoi la population immigrante au Canada, en pleine augmentation et diversification, a une incidence sur la gestion de l’art public commémoratif dans ce pays. En conclusion, nous recommandons l’adoption de pratiques contemporaines en art public comme un moyen de commémorer autrement et de maintenir la cohésion sociale dans une ville multiculturelle et diasporique comme Toronto.
Integración del análisis coste-beneficio en la gestión de la prevención de riesgos laborales
Authors: Salas Ollé Carles
Published: August 2019

La argumentación rentabilista de la gestión de la prevención de riesgos laborales supone una búsqueda del consenso y el pragmatismo entre los empresarios y los gestores de la prevención. La falta de experiencias en el uso de indicadores socioeconómicos preventivos, ya que esto por diferentes motivos no ha impregnado en los técnicos en prevención de riesgos, ocasiona temor y desconocimiento para decidirse a implementar este ámbito de la gestión y, por lo tanto, resulta complicado buscar paralelismos acerca de los datos registrados. Ello deja la gestión preventiva en un segundo plano frente al resto de las áreas de gestión en la mayoría de las organizaciones. El cálculo de costes de la accidentalidad en las empresas es un buen campo para comenzar a implementar la necesaria integración del análisis coste-beneficio de la seguridad y salud laboral en la gestión habitual de estas.
La nueva Unión Económica y Monetaria: ¿hecha para durar?
Authors: Ruiz Posino Àlex
Published: August 2019

En el presente artículo se tratan de valorar los cambios institucionales que se han acometido en los últimos años para reformar la Unión Económica y Monetaria (UEM). Para ello, de entrada, se recuerda brevemente la estructura institucional con que se dotó inicialmente la UEM para después revisar con mayor detalle la secuencia de crisis que han asolado a la moneda única desde la Gran Recesión de 2008. En particular, se presentan las dificultades que ha tenido la eurozona para desarmar los vínculos que han retroalimentado, y empeorado, tres crisis simultáneas: la de crecimiento, la de la deuda soberana y la bancaria. Visto este contexto, se vinculan los principales cambios institucionales de la UEM con los canales de transmisión de las tres crisis anteriores. Finalmente, se analiza la cuestión de si estas innovaciones institucionales, que configuran de hecho una nueva UEM, mejoran su sostenibilidad futura. La conclusión final no es del todo alentadora.
«Eo! (Estamos aquí)»: la inmobiliaria de los pop-up stores
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Oriol
Published: August 2019

Proyecto final del grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, para el que se ha elaborado un plan de empresa siguiendo las directrices de la asignatura.

¡Eo! (Estamos aquí) es un marketplace inmobiliario que pone en contacto a emprendedores y empresarios con inquilinos de locales comerciales para testear una idea de negocio o exhibir un producto durante un tiempo determinado en un espacio físico. Este puede variar desde pocas horas para la presentación de una marca o de un producto hasta unos meses o incluso un año, dependiendo de la estrategia de la empresa. Este proyecto nace con la idea de atender las necesidades de empresarios y emprendedores, que quieren exhibir sus productos innovadores y no tienen dinero para disponer de un espacio o un local comercial. Para atender estas necesidades, la empresa ofrece tarifas más ajustadas que su competencia mediante la productividad que se gana gracias a su plataforma en línea y externalizando todos los procesos que no son el core business de la empresa. De esta manera, se pueden dedicar a proporcionar un servicio innovador y de calidad que pone al cliente en el centro del negocio. Es también muy importante el servicio de asesoramiento que la empresa proporcionará en diversas áreas, y que servirá para apoyar en todo momento a emprendedores que quieren sacar adelante una idea de negocio pero que no tienen demasiado claro cómo hacerlo.
Estudio de satisfacción y posicionamiento de Triathlon Vitoria-Gasteiz
Authors: Galdos Valdecantos Itziar
Published: August 2019

¿Cuántas empresas planifican estratégicamente su futuro basándose en meras percepciones de sus clientes? ¿Cuántas de ellas creen conocer sus valores competitivos pero no saben en qué medida lo son? Quizá conozcan la satisfacción de los clientes, pero ¿cuántas conocen los factores que más contribuyen a esa satisfacción?

La Asociación Maratlón, promotora del evento deportivo Triathlon Vitoria-Gasteiz, consideraba clave obtener indicadores y resultados objetivos sobre la satisfacción de los participantes y conocer el posicionamiento de la marca para establecer planes de acción en el planteamiento estratégico global del evento, basados en datos fiables y no en meras percepciones.

Por este motivo, se realizó un estudio de satisfacción y posicionamiento del Triathlon Vitoria-Gasteiz, que se presenta como trabajo final de grado de Marketing e Investigación de Mercados y cuya síntesis se expone a continuación, planteado en tres fases principales: un estudio de gabinete para determinar las fuentes de información primarias y secundarias y una segunda fase exploratoria basada en un análisis cualitativo para identificar las variables clave que facilitaran el posterior diseño de la tercera fase, un cuestionario ad hoc en línea enviado a los triatletas participantes.

Esta última fase cuantitativa, en la que los resultados se obtienen mediante análisis bivariable y multivariable, constituye la etapa concluyente del estudio. La interpretación estadística de los resultados proporciona datos objetivos tanto para establecer líneas de actuación estratégicas para la marca como para mejorar la satisfacción de todos los grupos de interés: patrocinadores, triatletas, acompañantes y ciudadanos.
Sox1a mediates the ability of the parapineal to impart habenular left-right asymmetry
Authors: Lekk Ingrid , Duboc Véronique , Faro Ana , Nicolaou Stephanos , Blader Patrick , Wilson Stephen W
Published: August 2019

Left-right asymmetries in the zebrafish habenular nuclei are dependent upon the formation of the parapineal, a unilateral group of neurons that arise from the medially positioned pineal complex. In this study, we show that both the left and right habenula are competent to adopt left-type molecular character and efferent connectivity upon the presence of only a few parapineal cells. This ability to impart left-sided character is lost in parapineal cells lacking Sox1a function, despite the normal specification of the parapineal itself. Precisely timed laser ablation experiments demonstrate that the parapineal influences neurogenesis in the left habenula at early developmental stages as well as neurotransmitter phenotype and efferent connectivity during subsequent stages of habenular differentiation. These results reveal a tight coordination between the formation of the unilateral parapineal nucleus and emergence of asymmetric habenulae, ensuring that appropriate lateralised character is propagated within left and right-sided circuitry.
Histological evaluation of five suture materials in the telson ligament of the American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus)
Authors: Krasner Ami E. , Hancock-Ronemus Amy , Christian Larry S. , Griffith Emily H. , Lewbart Gregory A. , Law Jerry M.
Published: August 2019

An ideal suture material supports healing, minimizes inflammation, and decreases the likelihood of secondary infection. While there are published recommendations for suture materials in some invertebrates, there are no published recommendations forLimulus polyphemusor any chelicerate. This study evaluates the histological reaction of horseshoe crabs to five commonly used suture materials: monofilament nylon, silk, poliglecaprone, polydioxanone, and polyglycolic acid. None of the materials were superior with regards to holding nor was there any dehiscence. Nylon evoked the least amount of tissue reaction. This work also provides a histopathological description of the soft membrane at the hinge area between the opisthosoma and telson (telson ligament) and comments on euthanasia with intracardiac eugenol.