bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ingredient Branding with Branded Service
Authors: Zhang Juan , Gou Qinglong , Li Xiaoyan
Published: May 2014

Owing to the huge success of ingredient branding in industrial practice, an issue with increasing importance is how the pricing strategy affects the implementation of ingredient branding strategy. Noting the rapid development of the service industry, this chapter considers a situation in which a manufacturer selling tangible products procures complementary service products from a service firm, and consumers have to purchase them together. The complementary service firm builds up its goodwill through advertising efforts, which may finally influence the sales by an ingredient branding strategy. We propose an analytical model to make a joint decision on the ingredient branding strategy and pricing strategy of channel members. The service firm's advertising efforts on its goodwill levels are modeled in a modified Nerlove-Arrow framework. We provide in feedback form the optimal advertising and pricing policies for the service firm and the manufacturer. Managerial implications are also given.
Mathematical Model for Designing Supply Chains
Authors: Montoya-Torres Jairo R.
Published: May 2014

Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the process of planning, implementing and controlling the operations of the supply chain in an effective way. Part of the planning process consists of finding the best possible chain configuration. For manufacturing firms, a production-distribution problem consists of defining the flow of products from plants to clients (markets) via a set of warehouses. Defining the location of such warehouses is also part of the decision-making problem. This problem is known in the literature as the two-echelon uncapacitated facility location problem (TUFLP). This chapter analyses the performance of a mathematical model that minimizes the total cost of warehouse location and production and distribution. This problem is studied and is solved using optimization methods.
Online Word-of-Mouth Reviews
Authors: Huo Jing , Gou Qinglong , Dai Qi , Huang Zhimin
Published: May 2014

Online word-of-mouth (WOM) has received significant research attention as the Internet has rapidly developed. Owing to specific Internet platforms such as consumer reviews sites and social network sites, online WOM spreads much more quickly and widely than traditional WOM, and that phenomenon ultimately makes online WOM play a key role in a consumer's purchase decision. In this chapter we present an overview of previous research on online WOM to facilitate future research in this area. In this review, previous researches are divided into three streams, i.e., (1) the effectiveness of online WOM, (2) the valence of online WOM, and (3) the antecedents and consequences of online WOM. Also, two possible future research directions are suggested at the end the chapter.
Order Statistics in Simulation
Authors: Chen E Jack
Published: May 2014

Order statistics refer to the collection of sample observations sorted in ascending order and are among the most fundamental tools in non-parametric statistics and inference. Statistical inference established based on order statistics assumes nothing stronger than continuity of the cumulative distribution function of the population and is simple and broadly applicable. We discuss how order statistics are applied in computer simulation, e.g., tests of independence, tests of goodness of fit, hypothesis tests of equivalence of means, ranking and selection, and quantiles estimation. These order-statistics techniques are key components of many simulation studies.
Outlier Detection in Big Data
Authors: Hodge Victoria J.
Published: May 2014

Outlier detection (or anomaly detection) is a fundamental task in data mining. Outliers are data that deviate from the norm and outlier detection is often compared to “finding a needle in a haystack.” However, the outliers may generate high value if they are found, value in terms of cost savings, improved efficiency, compute time savings, fraud reduction and failure prevention. Detection can identify faults before they escalate with potentially catastrophic consequences. Big Data refers to large, dynamic collections of data. These vast and complex data appear problematic for traditional outlier detection methods to process but, Big Data provides considerable opportunity to uncover new outliers and data relationships. This chapter highlights some of the research issues for outlier detection in Big Data and covers the solutions used and research directions taken along with an analysis of some current outlier detection approaches for Big Data applications.
Scientific Workflows for Game Analytics
Authors: Georgas Apostolos , Kalles Dimitris , Tatsis Vasileios A.
Published: May 2014

Scientific workflows bring together the logistics of complex e-science applications and software services in a user friendly environment. This has become more pronounced with the porting of such applications to the Grid. We report on the design and implementation of scientific workflows to investigate game learning using two of the most widely used scientific workflows systems, Taverna and Kepler, as well as a workflow portal, WS-PGrade. Besides the engineering insight, we offer experimental evidence on how one can set up complex computational processes for investigating interactions between autonomous players, with the final aim of designing optimized interaction sequences for machine learning of playing tactics.
Stock Counting System Using PDA
Authors: Chantrapornchai Chantana , Chedsiri W.
Published: May 2014

In this work, a development of stock counting system using PDA is presented. The design and development issues are studied for the case of a superstore in Thailand. The stock counting is a tedious work in a department store. Employees need to physically walk down the shelves and count the amount of items each day. The amount of items is compared to the amount in the system to check for the loss of items every day. For a large-size department store, many employees need to spend lots of time to perform the tasks. Introducing the use of PDA together with the barcodes of the products will help automate the process, save time, and reduce the errors for checking the stock counts. In this paper, the design of system presents in the aspect of 1) the PDA software client and server sides 2) wireless access point installation costs and plans. After the development, the system is employed. Its efficiency is compared to the manual counting and the user satisfactory is evaluated.
The Practice of Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Wong Ho Yin , Sit Jason , Hung Jia-Yi
Published: May 2014

The aim of this chapter is to act as a point of reference for researchers, especially new users, who would like to use structural equation modeling (SEM) to perform business analytics. SEM is a multipurpose statistical modeling technique that can be applied in various business disciplines and is a useful tool to conduct business analytics. This chapter explains some common terminologies in the SEM literature and states general steps of performing SEM analysis along with an integration of the wide range of views and empirical findings on the topic. The chapter discusses the assumptions of SEM analysis, followed by a three-stage process of conducting, which includes assumptions, specification, evaluation, and modifications.
Watermarking Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Authors: Rao Channapragada R. S. G. , Ravi Vadlamani , Prasad Munaga. V. N. K. , Gopal E. V.
Published: May 2014

This Chapter presents a brief review of the work done during 1990-2013, in the application of intelligent techniques to digital image watermarking. The review discusses many papers of the gray-scale and color images than other multimedia. The review is structured by considering the type of technique applied to solve the problem as an important dimension. Consequently the papers are grouped into the following two families, (i) Neural networks, (ii) Fuzzy logic. Comparative analysis of different techniques is also presented. Finally, the review is concluded with future directions.
Impact of Homecare Electronic Health Record on Timeliness of Clinical Documentation, Reimbursement, and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Bowles K. H. , Adelsberger M. C. , Chittams J. L. , Liao C. , Sockolow P. S.
Published: May 2014

Background: Homecare is an important and effective way of managing chronic illnesses using skilled nursing care in the home. Unlike hospitals and ambulatory settings, clinicians visit patients at home at different times, independent of each other. Twenty-nine percent of 10,000 homecare agencies in the United States have adopted point-of-care EHRs. Yet, relatively little is known about the growing use of homecare EHRs.

Objective: Researchers compared workflow, financial billing, and patient outcomes before and after implementation to evaluate the impact of a homecare point-of-care EHR.

Methods: The design was a pre/post observational study embedded in a mixed methods study. The setting was a Philadelphia-based homecare agency with 137 clinicians. Data sources included: (1) clinician EHR documentation completion; (2) EHR usage data; (3) Medicare billing data; (4) an EHR Nurse Satisfaction survey; (5) clinician observations; (6) clinician interviews; and (7) patient outcomes.

Results: Clinicians were satisfied with documentation timeliness and team communication. Following EHR implementation, 90% of notes were completed within the 1-day compliance interval (n = 56,702) compared with 30% of notes completed within the 7-day compliance interval in the pre-implementation period (n = 14,563; OR 19, p < .001). Productivity in the number of clinical notes documented post-implementation increased almost 10-fold compared to pre-implementation. Days to Medicare claims fell from 100 days pre-implementation to 30 days post-implementation, while the census rose. EHR implementation impact on patient outcomes was limited to some behavioral outcomes.

Discussion: Findings from this homecare EHR study indicated clinician EHR use enabled a sustained increase in productivity of note completion, as well as timeliness of documentation and billing for reimbursement with limited impact on improving patient outcomes. As EHR adoption increases to better meet the needs of the growing population of older people with chronic health conditions, these results can inform homecare EHR development and implementation.

Citation: Sockolow PS, Bowles KH, Adelsberger MC, Chittams JL, Liao C. Impact of homecare electronic health record on timeliness of clinical documentation, reimbursement, and patient outcomes. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 445–462 http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2013-12-RA-0106
Relationship between documentation method and quality of chronic disease visit notes
Authors: Volk L.A. , Samaha S. , Pollard S.E. , Williams D.H. , Fiskio J.M. , Burdick E. , Edwards S.T. , Ramelson H. , Schiff G.D. , Bates D.W. , Neri P.M.
Published: May 2014

Objective: To assses the relationship between methods of documenting visit notes and note quality for primary care providers (PCPs) and specialists, and to determine the factors that contribute to higher quality notes for two chronic diseases.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of visit notes at two academic medical centers. Two physicians rated the subjective quality of content areas of the note (vital signs, medications, lifestyle, labs, symptoms, assessment & plan), overall quality, and completed the 9 item Physician Documentation Quality Instrument (PDQI-9). We evaluated quality ratings in relation to the primary method of documentation (templates, free-form or dictation) for both PCPs and specialists. A one factor analysis of variance test was used to examine differences in mean quality scores among the methods.

Results: A total of 112 physicians, 71 primary care physicians (PCP) and 41 specialists, wrote 240 notes. For specialists, templated notes had the highest overall quality scores (p≤0.001) while for PCPs, there was no statistically significant difference in overall quality score. For PCPs, free form received higher quality ratings on vital signs (p = 0.01), labs (p = 0.002), and lifestyle (p = 0.002) than other methods; templated notes had a higher rating on medications (p≤0.001). For specialists, templated notes received higher ratings on vital signs, labs, lifestyle and medications (p = 0.001).

Discussion: There was no significant difference in subjective quality of visit notes written using free-form documentation, dictation or templates for PCPs. The subjective quality rating of templated notes was higher than that of dictated notes for specialists.

Conclusion: As there is wide variation in physician documentation methods, and no significant difference in note quality between methods, recommending one approach for all physicians may not deliver optimal results.

Citation: Neri PM, Volk LA, Samaha S, Pollard SE, Williams DH, Fiskio JM, Burdick E, Edwards ST, Ramelson H, Schiff GD, Bates DW. Relationship between documentation method and quality of chronic disease visit notes. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 480–490 http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-01-RA-0007
Understanding the contributions of aerosol properties and parameterization discrepancies to droplet number variability in a global climate model
Authors: Morales Betancourt R. , Nenes A.
Published: May 2014

Abstract. Aerosol indirect effects in climate models strongly depend on the representation of the aerosol activation process. In this study, we assess the process-level differences across activation parameterizations that contribute to droplet number uncertainty by using the adjoints of the Abdul-Razzak and Ghan (2000) and Fountoukis and Nenes (2005) droplet activation parameterizations in the framework of the Community Atmospheric Model version 5.1 (CAM5.1). The adjoint sensitivities of Nd to relevant input parameters are used to (i) unravel the spatially resolved contribution of aerosol number, mass, and chemical composition to changes in Nd between present-day and pre-industrial simulations and (ii) identify the key variables responsible for the differences in Nd fields and aerosol indirect effect estimates when different activation schemes are used within the same modeling framework. The sensitivities are computed online at minimal computational cost. Changes in aerosol number and aerosol mass concentrations were found to contribute to Nd differences much more strongly than chemical composition effects. The main sources of discrepancy between the activation parameterizations considered were the treatment of the water uptake by coarse mode particles, and the sensitivity of the parameterized Nd accumulation mode aerosol geometric mean diameter. These two factors explain the different predictions of Nd over land and over oceans when these parameterizations are employed. Discrepancies in the sensitivity to aerosol size are responsible for an exaggerated response to aerosol volume changes over heavily polluted regions. Because these regions are collocated with areas of deep clouds, their impact on shortwave cloud forcing is amplified through liquid water path changes. The same framework is also utilized to efficiently explore droplet number uncertainty attributable to hygroscopicity parameter of organic aerosol (primary and secondary). Comparisons between the parameterization-derived sensitivities of droplet number against predictions with detailed numerical simulations of the activation process were performed to validate the physical consistency of the adjoint sensitivities.
Model simulated trend of surface carbon monoxide for the 2001–2010 decade
Authors: Yoon J. , Pozzer A.
Published: May 2014

Abstract. We present decadal trend estimates of surface carbon monoxide (CO), simulated using the atmospheric chemistry general circulation model ECHAM5/MESSy (EMAC) based on the emission scenarios, Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 8.5 for anthropogenic activity and Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) v3.1 for biomass burning from 2001 through 2010. The spatial distribution of the modelled surface CO is evaluated with monthly Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT) thermal infrared product. The global means of correlation coefficient and relative bias for the 2001–2010 are 0.95 and −4.29%, respectively. We also find a reasonable correlation (R = 0.78) between the trends of EMAC surface CO and full 10 year monthly records from ground-based observation (World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases, WDCGG). Over Western Europe, Eastern USA, and Northern Australia, the significant decreases of EMAC surface CO are estimated at −35.5 ± 5.8, −59.6 ± 9.1, and −13.7 ± 9.5 ppbv decade−1, respectively, with a 95% confidence interval. In contrast, the surface CO increases by +8.9 ± 4.8 ppbv decade−1 over South Asia. A high correlation (R = 0.92) between the significant changes in EMAC-simulated surface CO and total emission flux shows that the significant regional trends are attributed to the changes in primary/direct emissions from both anthropogenic activity and biomass burning. In particular, increasing trends of surface hydroxyl radical (OH) partially contribute to the decreasing trends of surface CO in Western Europe and Eastern USA.
A vector auto-regressive model for onshore and offshore wind synthesis incorporating meteorological model information
Authors: Hill D. , Bell K. R. W. , McMillan D. , Infield D.
Published: May 2014

Abstract. The growth of wind power production in the electricity portfolio is striving to meet ambitious targets set, for example by the EU, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by 2020. Huge investments are now being made in new offshore wind farms around UK coastal waters that will have a major impact on the GB electrical supply. Representations of the UK wind field in syntheses which capture the inherent structure and correlations between different locations including offshore sites are required. Here, Vector Auto-Regressive (VAR) models are presented and extended in a novel way to incorporate offshore time series from a pan-European meteorological model called COSMO, with onshore wind speeds from the MIDAS dataset provided by the British Atmospheric Data Centre. Forecasting ability onshore is shown to be improved with the inclusion of the offshore sites with improvements of up to 25% in RMS error at 6 h ahead. In addition, the VAR model is used to synthesise time series of wind at each offshore site, which are then used to estimate wind farm capacity factors at the sites in question. These are then compared with estimates of capacity factors derived from the work of Hawkins et al. (2011). A good degree of agreement is established indicating that this synthesis tool should be useful in power system impact studies.
Orbital- and millennial-scale environmental changes between 64 and 20 ka BP recorded in Black Sea sediments
Authors: Shumilovskikh L. S. , Fleitmann D. , Nowaczyk N. R. , Behling H. , Marret F. , Wegwerth A. , Arz H. W.
Published: May 2014

Abstract. High-resolution pollen and dinoflagellate cyst records from sediment core M72/5-25-GC1 were used to reconstruct vegetation dynamics in northern Anatolia and surface conditions of the Black Sea between 64 and 20 ka BP. During this period, the dominance of Artemisia in the pollen record indicates a steppe landscape and arid climate conditions. However, the concomitant presence of temperate arboreal pollen suggests the existence of glacial refugia in northern Anatolia. Long-term glacial vegetation dynamics reveal two major arid phases ~64–55 and 40–32 ka BP, and two major humid phases ~54–45 and 28–20 ka BP, correlating with higher and lower summer insolation, respectively. Dansgaard–Oeschger (D–O) cycles are clearly indicated by the 25-GC1 pollen record. Greenland interstadials are characterized by a marked increase in temperate tree pollen, indicating a spread of forests due to warm/wet conditions in northern Anatolia, whereas Greenland stadials reveal cold and arid conditions as indicated by spread of xerophytic biomes. There is evidence for a phase lag of ~500 to 1500 yr between initial warming and forest expansion, possibly due to successive changes in atmospheric circulation in the North Atlantic sector. The dominance of Pyxidinopsis psilata and Spiniferites cruciformis in the dinocyst record indicates brackish Black Sea conditions during the entire glacial period. The decrease of marine indicators (marine dinocysts, acritarchs) at ~54 ka BP and increase of freshwater algae (Pediastrum, Botryococcus) from 32 to 25 ka BP reveals freshening of the Black Sea surface water. This freshening is possibly related to humid phases in the region, to connection between Caspian Sea and Black Sea, to seasonal freshening by floating ice, and/or to closer position of river mouths due to low sea level. In the southern Black Sea, Greenland interstadials are clearly indicated by high dinocyst concentrations and calcium carbonate content, as a result of an increase in primary productivity. Heinrich events show a similar impact on the environment in the northern Anatolia/Black Sea region as Greenland stadials.
Modeling dissolved organic carbon in temperate forest soils: TRIPLEX-DOC model development and validation
Authors: Wu H. , Peng C. , Moore T. R. , Hua D. , Li C. , Zhu Q. , Peichl M. , Arain M. A. , Guo Z.
Published: May 2014

Abstract. Even though dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the most active carbon (C) cycling in soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, it receives little attention from the global C budget. DOC fluxes are critical to aquatic ecosystem inputs and contribute to the C balance of terrestrial ecosystems, but few ecosystem models have attempted to integrate DOC dynamics into terrestrial C cycling. This study introduces a new process-based model, TRIPLEX-DOC, that is capable of estimating DOC dynamics in forest soils by incorporating both ecological drivers and biogeochemical processes. TRIPLEX-DOC was developed from Forest-DNDC, a biogeochemical model simulating C and nitrogen (N) dynamics, coupled with a new DOC process module that predicts metabolic transformations, sorption/desorption, and DOC leaching in forest soils. The model was validated against field observations of DOC concentrations and fluxes at white pine forest stands located in southern Ontario, Canada. The model was able to simulate seasonal dynamics of DOC concentrations and the magnitudes observed within different soil layers, as well as DOC leaching in the age sequence of these forests. Additionally, TRIPLEX-DOC estimated the effect of forest harvesting on DOC leaching, with a significant increase following harvesting, illustrating that land use change is of critical importance in regulating DOC leaching in temperate forests as an important source of C input to aquatic ecosystems.
Explaining and forecasting interannual variability in the flow of the Nile River
Authors: Siam M. S. , Eltahir E. A. B.
Published: May 2014

Abstract. The natural interannual variability in the flow of Nile River had a significant impact on the ancient civilizations and cultures that flourished on the banks of the river. This is evident from stories in the Bible and Koran, and from the numerous Nilometers discovered near ancient temples. Here, we analyze extensive data sets collected during the 20th century and define four modes of natural variability in the flow of Nile River, identifying a new significant potential for improving predictability of floods and droughts. Previous studies have identified a significant teleconnection between the Nile flow and the Eastern Pacific Ocean. El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) explains about 25% of the interannual variability in the Nile flow. Here, we identify, for the first time, a region in the southern Indian Ocean with similarly strong teleconnection to the Nile flow. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the region (50–80° E and 25–35° S) explains 28% of the interannual variability in the Nile flow. During those years with anomalous SST conditions in both Oceans, we estimate that indices of the SSTs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans can collectively explain up to 84% of the interannual variability in the flow of Nile. Building on these findings, we use classical Bayesian theorem to develop a new hybrid forecasting algorithm that predicts the Nile flow based on global models predictions of indices of the SST in the Eastern Pacific and Southern Indian Oceans.
Robotic Pyeloplasty: The Results after the First 30 Patients
Authors: Gallo Fabrizio , Schenone Maurizio , Cortese Pierluigi , Giberti Claudio
Published: May 2014

Introduction

The aim of this paper is to report the outcomes of 30 (first) robot-assisted pyeloplasties (RPs) performed at our institute for the treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO).

Methods

In the period between March 2005 and September 2012, 30 RPs due to UPJO have been performed at our institute using a three arms Da Vinci Robot, standard version. All the procedures were performed transperitoneally with Anderson-Hynes technique. 29/30 (97%) patients were affected by primary UPJO and 1/30 (3%) reported a recurrent disease. The access foresaw the positioning of three robotic trocars (one 12 mm trocar for the camera and two 8-mm trocars for the robotic arms) and one assistant 12 mm trocar. The anastomosis was confectioned on a double-J ureteral tutor with 4/0 monocryl running sutures. Outcome success was defined as resolution of preoperative symptoms and ureteropelvic junction obstruction, confirmed by the improvement of the diuretic renogram. Mean follow-up was 48.3 months (range 5–96).

Results

All procedures have been completed robotically and no conversion was needed. Mean operative times, blood losses and hospital stay were respectively 189 minutes (range 105–420), 60 mL (range 25–100) and 4.2 days (range 2–14). 29/30 patients were cured, with a success rate of 97%. As regards mild complications, 3/30 patients (10%) reported a moderate abdominal pain a few hours after surgery, which was successfully treated with common analgesic drugs. As for major complications, one patient (3%) developed ileus, probably due to a mild urine extravasation through the ureteropelvic suture, which spontaneously disappeared three days after surgery.

Conclusions

RP seems to be a “new gold standard” in the treatment of UPJO. The three-dimensional versatility and the outstanding accuracy of robot-assisted intracorporeal suturing produced excellent results after the first procedures without requiring a previous 'sound' laparoscopic experience.
Margini Chirurgici Positivi Dopo una Prostatectomia Radicale
Authors: Prayer Galetti Tommaso , Cattaneo Francesco , Coati Irena , Gardiman Marina
Published: May 2014

Positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy

Positive surgical margins (PSMs) in radical prostatectomy specimens are usually considered a negative prognostic parameter. However, their definition and the management of patients with PSMs remain unclear. The aim of the present review is to define pathological features of PSMs, to report their incidence and risk factors and to update PSMs prognostic meaning and possible treatment modalities. The average incidence of PSMs in contemporary series ranges from 6.5% to 32%. The likelihood of PSMs is influenced by pre-operative PSA (total-PSA and PSA-density), tumor features (volume, grade and stage), previous prostatic surgery (open or TURP), patients’ characteristics (BMI and pelvis shape) and surgeons’ skill. Although PSMs are a predictor of biochemical recurrence, their impact on cause specific survival is highly variable and largely influenced by the tumor Gleason Score. Adjuvant radiotherapy is an effective treatment in PSMs patients but early salvage radiotherapy may be an alternative option that guarantees equivalent survival benefits with less side effects. Further studies are required to define the best candidates to adjuvant or early salvage radiation therapy.
Salvage Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy for Prostate Cancer Local Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy: Our First three Patients
Authors: Gastaldi Emilio , Gallo Fabrizio , Chiono Luciano , Giberti Claudio
Published: May 2014

Purpose of the Study

To present our initial experience with brachytherapy (BT) as a primary salvage procedure for the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) local recurrence following radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP).

Methods

From December 2009 to May 2010, three patients underwent salvage BT due to local recurrences of high risk PCa after extrafascial RRP without additional adjuvant therapies. Local recurrence was confirmed by prostate biopsy and the relapse was well defined by endorectal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Metastatic screening was negative. The patients were followed-up according to the American Brachytherapy Society guidelines.

Results

The median dose delivered to 90% of the local relapse (D90) was 115 Gy. The three patients reached a prostate specific antigen (PSA) nadir value within the first year that remained stable at a mean follow-up of 32 months. As regards morbidity, moderate de novo urgency was reported by only one patient.

Conclusions

We think that our data confirms the feasibility and safety of salvage BT as a possible alternative option to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for the treatment of locally recurrent PCa in selected patients when performed by experienced centers. However, larger series of patients with longer follow-ups are needed to define the oncologic role of this procedure.
Effect of Mg Deficiency on Antioxidant Enzymes Activities and Lipid Peroxidation
Authors: Esfandiari Ezatollahe , Shokrpour Majid , Alavi-Kia Siamak
Published: May 2014

The importance of the physiological role of nutrient elements in plant behavior concerning higher and morestable yield, using the durum wheat variety P1252 as model plant, was examined under hydroponic conditions.To investigate the effects of Mg deficiency, the element was eliminated from the media solutions. Resultsshowed that Mg elimination decreased the chlorophyll content. Lack of Mg only affected guaiacol peroxidase(GPX) and catalase (CAT) activities significantly. The SOD/APX+GPX+CAT ratio as an index of assessing thebalance between H2O2-producing and H2O2-scavenging enzymes increased leading to the accumulation of H2O2in cell. The elevation of SOD/APX+GPX+CAT ratio and H2O2 accumulation indicates the occurrence ofoxidative stress in leave cells under Mg deficiency. Lack of magnesium (Mg) resulted in considerable increasein other oxidative stress indices, cell death and Malondialdehyde (MDA). The reason is the occurrence ofHaber-Weiz reaction in absence of Mg and production of hydroxyl radical, a very dangerous radical, leading toincreasing damage of cell biomolecules and their apoptosis.
The Utilization of Insect-resources in Chinese Rural Area
Authors: YI Chuanhui , HE Qiuju , WANG Lin , KUANG Rongping
Published: May 2014

Human beings'uncontrolled exploitation lead to the rapid consumption and depletion of many natural resources.Mankind is facing an unprecedented dilemma in survival and development which. Searching, development and utilization of new natural resources will be an important way to solve the current problems. Insects, as an important natural resource needing to be further exploited, have aroused wide concerns and may play an important role in tackling food crisis and natural resources depletion. In China, insects have been being utilized for a long time as an important natural resource and there were lots of practices and experiences in the use of insect, especially in the rural regions. In this paper, we presented the current situation of insect utilization in Chinese rural regions and introduced edible insects being used by ethnic people in Yunnan province of China, the place which is special for its diversity in ethnic culture and folkways. In addition, constraints and prospects in using insect resources were discussed and analyzed as well. It was expected that the experiences in using insect resources in China could be helpful for other countries to promote the utilization of insect resources in near future.
Testing and Analysis of Drinking Water Quality in the Rural Areas of High-tech District in Tai’an City
Authors: Jia Wu-yuan , Li Chuan-rong , Qin Kun , Liu Lin
Published: May 2014

In order to understand the sanitation condition of drinking water in the rural areas of High-tech District in Tai’anCity, and to provide scientific bases for drinking water quality improvement and public health protection, waterquality was tested and analyzed using the methods recommended in the China national health standardGB5750-85, which included 14 indicators, i.e. sensory characteristics, general chemical indicators, toxicologicalindicators and bacteriological indicators. The results showed that the contents of total coliform, ammonianitrogen and iron exceeded the standards, and the contents of volatile phenol and Cr (VI), and the total hardnessslightly exceeded the standards. It was concluded that drinking water, especially well water in the rural areas ofHigh-tech District in Tai’an City was slightly polluted. Therefore, currently the related government departmentsshould focus on strengthening “the three wastes” treatment and sanitation management of drinking watertransmission, and providing additional water disinfection facilities.
Growth Indices and Grain Yield Attributes in Six Maize Cultivars Representing Two Era of Maize Breeding in Nigeria
Authors: Adebo Folusho , Olaoye Gbadebo
Published: May 2014

Growth parameters such as seedling germination attributes, crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR),net assimilation rate (NAR) and leaf area ratio (LAR) as well as yield parameters were investigated in six maizecultivars representing two era of maize breeding in Nigeria during the 2005 late and 2006 early cropping seasons.Differences between maize breeding era were significant for seedling emergence (E %) and emergence index (EI)while genotypes within a particular breeding era (G/E) differed significantly for E% and emergence rate index(ERI). Seasonal (S) variation in seedling parameters was also significant for E % and ERI with a 15% higherseedling emergence in 2006 early season. CGR in the genotypes in breeding era 1 was higher by seven percent(7%) during vegetative growth phase but lower by 14% at flowering phase compared to genotypes in breedingera 2. NAR on the other hand was consistently higher in varieties developed in 1970’s by 15.2 and 13.8%compared to varieties developed in 1990’s. Regardless of the breeding era, varieties with higher values for LARat flowering (except var. TZPB-SR) were higher yielding than those with lower LAR. Overall, varietiesdeveloped in era 2 were superior to those developed in era 1 for E% and also had six percent (6%) higher valuesfor LAR at vegetative growth phase than those developed in era 1 but decreased by two percent (2%) atflowering phase. E% in the genotypes ranged from 48.56 in ACR 9943 DMRSR to 79.33 in ACR99TZLCOMP4 DMRSR, while EI and ERI ranged from 0.86 and 0.010 in TZB-SR to 0.96 and 0.014 in ACR 97 TZLCOMP1-W. Grain yield was significantly higher in 2006 early cropping season by 0.3t/ha-1 translating to14.78% than in late season and it ranged from 1.64t/ha-1 in TZPB-SR (era 1) to 2.94t/ha-1 inACR99TZLCOMP4DMRSR (era 2). Var. ACR99TZL COMP4DMRSR with the lowest values for CGR, RGRand NAR at vegetative phase had the highest grain yield (2.94t/ha-1) indicating that genotypic superiority forgrain yield is not particularly related to differences in any of these traits but rather dependent on the inherentgenetic potential of the varieties themselves.
Frozen Fish Markets and Marketing Problems in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Bada Teslim , Rahji M.A.Y.
Published: May 2014

This paper examined the performance of the frozen fish markets in Ibadan, Nigeria in terms of price transmission,market margins, marketing costs, and the magnitude of changes in these variables. The study revealed that theaverage retail price for Mackerel is higher than that of Stockfish while that of Stockfish is greater than that ofSadinela. The same pattern is observed for the wholesale prices, marketing costs and net margins. All themeasures used to assess the problems gave the same rank ordering. Power supply is first. This is followed bystorage, spoilage, transport cost, finance and lastly market levies. A high level of refrigeration is required. Henceunstable power supply could result in spoilage or deterioration in the quality and economic value of fish. There isthe need for improvement in the fish market environment in terms of the provision of infrastructures such aselectricity and storage facilities.
Effects of Nitrogen and Calcium Carbonate on Growth, Rosmarinic Acid Content and Yield of Satureja hortensis L.
Authors: Babalar Mesbah , Mumivand Hasan , Hadian Javad , Tabatabaei Seyed Mohamad Fakhr
Published: May 2014

Because of the presence of free phenolic acids, especially rosmarinic acid, extracts of Satureja hortensis L.possess antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The production of rosmarinic acid by plant cells can be modifiedby many factors. In the present study, the changes induced by calcium carbonate and nitrogen application onrosmarinic acid content, plant growth, and yield of S. hortensis cv. Saturn were investigated. Nitrogenfertilization significantly increased plant height, fresh and dry weights of herb as well as rosmarinic acid contentand yield. CaCO3 treatments did not affect rosmarinic acid content or yield, while the fresh and dry weights ofherb were increased by applying 5 t ha-1 CaCO3.
Normal criterion and shared values by derivatives of meromorphic functions
Authors: Lu Qian , Liao Qilong
Published: May 2014

Let $\mathscr{F}$ be a family of meromorphic functions in a plane domain $D$. If for every function $f\in\mathscr{F}$, all of whose zeros have,at least,multiplicity $l$ and poles have, at least,multiplicity $p$, and for each pair functions $f$ and $g$ in $\mathscr{F}$, $f^{(k)}$ and $g^{(k)}$ share 1 in $D$, where $k,l,$ and $p$ are three positive integer satisfying $\frac{k+1}{l}+\frac{1}{p}\leq 1$, then $\mathscr{F}$ is normal.
МОНГОЛ АЛТАЙН ХАР АЗАРГЫН НУРУУ
Authors: Авирмэд Э.Авирмэд
Published: May 2014

Монгол Алтайн уулт тогтолцоог бүрэлдүүлж байгаа томоохон нуруудын  физик газарзүйн тодорхойлолт ховор юм. Монгол Алтайн уулт тогтолцоо  Говь Алтайн нурууны хил заагийн асуудлыг хєндсєн судлаачид Хар Азаргын  нурууг Говийн Алтайд оруулсан нь бий. Монгол Алтайн уулт тогтолцоонд Хар Азаргын нуруу нь уул зүйн байршлын хувьд гол нуруу болж байгаа учраас,  мєн энэ нуруунаас салбарласан уул нуруу байдаггүй тул энэ нурууг Монгол  Алтайн гол нуруу гэж үзэж байгаа юм. Тэгээд ч Хар Азаргын нуруу нь хурдас  чулуулаг, гадаргын хэв шинж,хэлбэр, элементүүд, элэгдэл хуримтлалын  хэлбэрүүд, уулсын хажуу, хэрчигдэл, нас, ландшафтын хувьд Монгол Алтайн  нурууны дундаж єндєр уулстай адилхан юм. Khar Azarga Mountain Range of the Mongolian Altai The Khar Azarga mountain separately located to the North Shargiin Gobi, Khaliun’s valley, from South differentiated by mountain Tayan among the moun­tains in wide valley, to the East from branch mountains Burkhan Buudai’s to Tsagaan river valley, to the mountains West from Khan Jargalant’s separated by Tsangilakh river valley. Located between two river Tsagaan River and river Tsangilakh through Mongol Altai Mountain.It is located in average at 2500-3100 meters above the sea level from west to the last over 70 kms stretched and most widely area is near the Bayan-Ondor ovoo 26 kms wide, most narrow area is river Bor side is 10 kms. The highest peak is Kharuul khad which is 3112,0 meters high above the sea level. The mountain Khar Azarga is the real main mountain of the Mongol Altai. The general appear­ance of mountain is consisted of only one main mountain range. The relief of mountain and peak of a mountain is mostly cupola or plane shaped because of in longest time weathered by wind and water.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v0i1.55 Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2010 No.1 pp.18-25
ОЛОН ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬТ БАЙГАЛИЙН ПОЛИМЕРТ СУУРИЛАН МЄНГЄ АГУУЛАН ЭРЛИЙЗЖСЭН НАНОКОМПОЗИТ НИЙЛЭГЖҮҮЛЭХ
Authors: Долмаа Г. , Александрова Г.П. , Энхбадрал У.
Published: May 2014

Эрлийзжсэн нанокомпозитыг нийлэгжүлэхдээ усан уусмалаас органик  биш материалын цєм онцгой адсорбцлох чанар бүхий олон функциональт  биогенны полимерийн гадаргууд агрегацлагдах шинэ тохиромжтой алхамыг  ашигласан. Биогенны тогтворжуулагч болох гумины бодисыг (ГБ) эх орны  түүхий эд пелоидоос ялган авч бүтэц байгуулалтыг баталсны дараа нано  композитын нийлэгжүүлэлтэд хэрэглэв. Тогтворжуулагчийн гадаргууд  мєнгєний органик бус цєм агрегацлагдах чанар нь бидний гарган авсан  эрлийзжсэн органик бус-органик нано бүтэц єєрєє үүсэх нєхцєлийг  хангаж байгаа юм. Гарган авсан нанокомпозитын шинж чанарыг ИК-, УФ-,  Рентгенфазын задлан шинжилгээний дүнд тогтоолоо.   The new suitable method, which is based on aggregation on the surface that has a special ability to absorb by the inorganic centre from a water solu­tion, of multifunctional biogenic polymer, is used to synthesize organic-inorganic hybrid nano-composite. We extracted the humus substances or biogenic stabiliz­ers from natural raw materials – peloid. And the stabilizers used for synthesize nano-composite after making complete allocation and specification of structures on it. The stabilizers’ special ability to absorb by the inorganic centre can make the condition for self-producing of organic-inorganic hybrid nano-composite. As a result measurement on devices micro analyze of elements, AAS, IR-, UV- spec­trometer, X-RAY it has been established properties received nano-composite. We had worked out a method, which for synthesis organic and inorganic hybrid nano-composite by using the new nano stabilizer. We find possibility to solve some problems by using humus substances as the organic stabilizer of a new kind for nano-composites. Humus substances have the diversified molecular structure, which could spent through it one or several nano-composites, which have size corresponding primary globules. It gives the chance to stabilize a water solution and nano-composites, also to control biologically-activity of nano-com­posites by changing ratio of humus substances and nano-composites. Because of the humus substances are widespread and inexpensive raw materials of a natural origin, it is very good idea, that using the substances for creating brand new silver contained nano-composite materials.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v0i1.56 Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2010 No.1 pp.26-38
“Луугийн анчин”-тай хамт ажилл аж явсан мон голол судлаач
Authors: Эрдэнэбаm У. , Эрдэнэбаm Д.
Published: May 2014

DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v0i1.59Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2010 No.1 pp.57-65
IX–X зууны Төв АзАзийн нүүдэлчдийн түүхэнд хололбогдох нэгэн сурвалжийн зарим мэдээний тухайд
Authors: Баmсүрэн Б. , Наранжарzал Д.
Published: May 2014

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v0i1.60Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2010 No.1 pp.66-71
ТАМСАГБУЛАГ, ЦАГААН ЭЛСНИЙ ОРДЫН ГАЗРЫН ТОСОНД АГУУЛАГДАХ МИКРОЭЛЕМЕНТИЙГ ИНДУКЦИЙН ХОЛБООТ ПЛАЗМТ ОПТИК ЭМИССИЙН СПЕКТРОМЕТРИЙН АРГААР СУДЛАХ НЬ
Authors: Сайнбаяр Ж. , Сайнбаяр A. , Сүхдорж Г. , Монхообор Д.
Published: May 2014

Тамсагбулаг, Цагаан Элсний ордын газрын тосонд агуулагдах  микроэлементийн агуулгыг Индукцийн холбоот плазмт оптик эмиссийн  спектрометр (ИХПОЭС)-ийн аргаар судалж 30 гаруй микроэлементийг 0.001- 35.8 саяны хэсэг (с.х.) агуулгатайгаар илрүүлсэн бєгєєд тэдгээрийн дотор  иттри, лантан, сканди, кадми, берилли, инди зэрэг ховор элементүүд 0.03- 3.07 с.х. хэмжээтэйгээр агуулагдаж байгааг тогтоов. Газрын тосонд агуулагдах  ванадий:никель (V:Ni)-ийн харьцаа Тамсагбулаг, Цагаан Элсний ордын хувьд  0.09-0.50 байгаа нь мезозойн болон гуравдагч үеийн насжилттай чулуулагт  агуулагдах газрын тос байж болох юм. Be, Bi, Cd, Mo, Ni, W, Zn зэрэг элементүүд Тамсагбулагийн ордын газрын  тосонд их, Al, Ca, Co, Fe, In, Mg, Mn, Na, Si, Sr, V, Sn зэрэг элементүүд нь  Цагаан Элсний ордын газрын тосонд их хэмжээтэй агуулагдаж байна. Єєрєєр  хэлбэл газрын тосны нягт, хүхрийн агуулга ихсэхэд Al, Ca, Co, Fe, In, Mg, Mn,  Na, Si, Sr, V, Sn зэрэг элементүүдийн агуулга ихэсдэг зүй тогтол ажиглагдаж  байна. Түлхүүр үг: Газрын тос, микроэлемент, Индукцийн холбоот плазмт оптик  эмиссийн спектрометри (ИХПОЭС-ийн арга), мезозой, палеозой, гуравдагч  үеийн насжилт.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v0i1.61 Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2010 No.1 pp.3-17
Antioxidant and Anticonvulsant Effects of Medicinal Herbs
Authors: Aldarmaa J , Liu J , Long J , Nyamdalai O , Ariunaa J
Published: May 2014

This study examines the anticonvulsant profile of some medicinal plants (astragalus mongolicus, corydalis sibirica, scutellaria baicalensis and Chelidonium majus) and antioxidant effects of Astragalus mongolicus and Chelidonium majus. Astragalus mongolicus and Chelidonium majus extracts possessed a significant dose-dependent scavenging effect on hydroxyl and lipid radicals by an in vitro ESR technique. Astragalus mongolicus (150 and 300mg/kg) and Scutellaria baicalensis (150 and 300mg/kg) extracts had anticonvulsant activities in the Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Maximal Scutellaria baicalensis in a dose of 150 and 300mg/kg significantly shortened the latency period seizures in the maximal electroshock (MES). Corydalis sibirica (150mg/kg) and Chelidonium majus (150 and 300mg/kg) extracts didn't influence on latency period in the PTZ and MES models. All extracts improved losing memory by passive avoidance task (longterm memory) and significantly didn't influence on drinking punishment in the Vogel's test. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v0i4.37Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2007 No 4 pp.3-16
Key problems of seismic zoning of urban areas adjacent to the Mongolia-Siberian region (by the example of Erdenet town)
Authors: Dzhurik VI , Dugarmaa T , Serebrennikov SP , Batsaikhan Ts
Published: May 2014

The first approximation approach to seismic zoning of the areas adjacent to the Mongolia-Siberian region has been followed by the example of Erdenet town. The grounds have been given for problematic stages of working: study of some regular trends of seismic setting and current level of initial seismicity of the area; identification of seismic activity areas and assessment of their seismic potential; seismic modeling of sites with the most typical soil conditions; model theoretical calculating of basic parameters of seismic effects and model zoning of the investigated area. Technically, the stages of Erdenet town case study can serve as a basis for seismic zoning of the areas of interest that are adjacent to the Mongolia-Siberian region.The work has been done under financial support of RFBR project No. 07-05- 90111.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v0i4.38Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2007 No 4 pp.17-35