bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investasi Edukasi Literasi Keuangan untuk Anak Usia Dini di Indonesia
Authors: Sari Anisa Yunita , Sa`ida Naili
Published: January 2022

Nilai-nilai karakter yang dapat ditanamkan pada literasi keuangan adalah keterampilan mengalokasikan keuangan, melatih kontrol emosi serta kemampuan membedakan antara keinginan dan kebutuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran strategi investasi edukasi literasi keuangan untuk anak usai dini di Indonesia. Penelitin ini menggunakan metode literatur review dengan menggunakan berbagai sumber yang relevan dari: 6 buku,12 artikel jurnal, 1 laporan kebijakan, dan 3 website resmi. Sumber literatur yang digunakan pada rentan tahun 2013-2021. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi edukasi literasi keuangan di Indonesia dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan pihak swasta. Pelaksanaan dari strategi edukasi literasi keuangan memenuhi dua poin yaitu: 1)tersedianya media edukasi literasi keuangan untuk anak usia  dini 2) sosialisasi pelatihan tentang literasi keuangan pada guru PAUD yang dilakukan oleh pihak swasta dengan program CSR (Corporate Social Responbility). Program sosialisasi edukasi literasi keuangan untuk guru pada jenjang PAUD belum dilakukan oleh pihak pemerintah.
Discovery Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Kemandirian Anak Kelompok A Usia 4-5 Tahun
Authors: Sari Devi Dwi Puspita , Rohman Arif
Published: January 2022

Model pembelajaran discovery learning adalah satu pendekatan mengajar dimana guru memberi peserta didik contoh˗contoh topik spesifik dan memandu peserta didik untuk memahami topik tersebut (Kauchak, 2012: 177). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran Discovery terhadap anak usia 4-5 tahun. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development (RnD) dengan menggunakan model ADDIE. Sedangkan tahapan pada penelitian ini diantaranya yaitu analyze, design dan develop. Pada penelitian ini hanya menggunakan tiga tahapan dikarenakan kondisi pandemi yang mengharuskan masih banyak lembaga yang melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran dengan via daring, sehingga peneliti mengalami kesulitan dalam kegiatan penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RA Al Amanah dengan subjek 20 anak. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengkuji keevektifan produk dengan menggunakan Wilcoxon Rank Test dengan hasil signifikasi 0,005. Pada penelitian ini mendapat penilaian dari ahli materi yang menunjukkan hasil yaitu 86% yang berarti “sangat layak”. Sedangkan penilaian dari ahli media yang menunjukkan hasil yaitu 72% yang berarti “sangat layak”. Dari penilaian para ahli media dan ahli materi maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk model pembelajaran Discovery terhadap anak usia 4-5 tahun bisa diterima . dari hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebuah rekomondasi untuk dijadikan peneltian lanjutan untuk mengidentifikasi secara empiris mengenai model pembelajaran Discovery untuk anak usia 4-5 tahun. Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Discovery, Kemampuan Kemandirian
Peran Orang Tua dalam Menyediakan Home Literacy Environment (HLE) pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Hermawati Novia Sari , Sugito Sugito
Published: January 2022

Perkembangan literasi merupakan salah satu substansi penting bagi perkembangan bahasa anak karena perkembangan bahasa merupakan kemampuan untuk menggunakan semua keterampilan berbahasa manusia yang mencakup kemampuan berbicara, menulis, membaca, dan menyimak sebagai bentuk ekspresi dan memaknai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran orang tua dalam menyediakan Home Literacy Environment (HLE) pada anak usia dini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah 10 orang tua yang memiliki anak usia 3-6 tahun dengan tingkat pendidikan dan sosial ekonomi berbeda di Klaten. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Peran orang tua dalam menyediakan HLE pada anak usia dini adalah sebagai sumber literasi (guru atau pendamping literasi bagi anak), fasilitator literasi (menyediakan ruang baca, buku atau bahan bacaan, dan APE literasi untuk anak), dan sebagai pengatur terlaksananya program literasi. Sedangkan, peran anak adalah sebagai sasaran utama orang tua dalam menerapkan HLE.
Permasalahan Pola Asuh dalam Mendidik Anak di Era Digital
Authors: Atmojo Ahmad Muslih , Sakina Rahma Lailatus , Wantini Wantini
Published: January 2022

Orang tua saat ini dihadapkan dengan berbagai problematika yang terjadi dalam mendidik anak di tengah perkembangan digital yang begitu pesat. Sontak, hal ini menimbulkan berbagai kekhawatiran terhadap tumbuh kembang anak. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengupas problematika yang terjadi dalam proses mendidik anak di era digital seperti sekarang ini. Seluruh persoalan mendidik anak seharusnya diatasi dengan pola dan pendekatan yang tepat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan research synteshis dalam menggali teori yang relevan terkait issue yang dibahas. Analisis secara kualitatif menjadi tombak penelitian untuk memantapkan akurasi data yang dikumpulkan. Di  era ini, banyak anak-anak yang memiliki perilaku ketergantungan terhadap perangkat digital yang cukup riskan terhadap sisi negatif. Oleh karena itu, pentingnya mengendalikan digital era yang dipegang oleh anak-anak untuk memfokuskan bidang pendidikan perlu dilakukan supaya motivasi dapat terbentuk dan tujuan pendidikan juga bisa tercapai dengan baik dengan sinergisitas antara stakeholder lembaga pendidikan (sekolah) dengan yang lainnya (tri logi pendidikan).
Implementation of STEM Learning Method to Develop Children’s Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Skills
Authors: Debora Ruth , Pramono Rudy
Published: January 2022

Adanya perubahan dari pembelajaran tatap muka menjadi pembelajaran virtual pada jenjang Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini selama pandemi COVID-19 menjadi tantangan bagi tenaga pengajar. Penggunaan metode pembelajaran yang tepat dibutuhkan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak selama pembelajaran virtual dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari penggunaan metode pembelajaran STEM dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah dalam pembelajaran virtual.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan menggunakan Model Kemmis dan McTaggart dalam 3 siklus dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi dan dokumentasi. Subyek dari penelitian ini adalah 10 anak berusia 3 hingga 4 tahun yang mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran virtual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya tindakan perbaikan yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, terjadi peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah anak yang terlihat dari peningkatan tingkat klasifikasi perkembangan partisipan pembelajaran dari Siklus 1 hingga Siklus 3.
Pengembangan Model Garden-Based Learning Meningkatkan Perilaku Prososial Anak usia dini
Authors: Hardiansyah Danang , Rohman Arif , Deviyanti Ellia
Published: January 2022

Perilaku sosial anak seharusnya dikembangkan sejak dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya peningkatan dalam pengembangan model garden-based learning untuk meningkatkan perilaku prososial anak usia dini. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan yang mengadaptasi model ADDIE, dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 33 anak usia 5-6 tahun. Analisis data yang  digunakan adalah uji nonparametric dan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan negative ranks antara hasil pretest dan posttest adalah 0, nilai ini menunjukan tidak adanya penurunan nilai pretest ke posttest. Positif ranks antara hasil pretest dan posttest mengalami peningkatan, mean rank tersebut adalah 17.00, nilai Ties 0 maka tidak adanya nilai yang sama antara pretest dan posttest. Diketahui Asymp.sig (2.tailed) bernilai 0.000, hipotesis diterima karena nilai 0.000 0.05, artinya ada perbedaan nilai pretest dan posttest, disimpulkan pengembangan model garden-based learning mampu meningkatkan perilaku prososial anak usia dini
Implementasi Pembelajaran Entrepreneurship di Taman Kanak-kanak
Authors: Yusuf Isabella , Hartati Sofia , Sumadi Tjipto
Published: January 2022

Pendidikan entrepreneurship sebaiknya dikembangkan pada usia awal atau anak usia dini. Usia dini merupakan tahap yang paling ideal dalam memperkenalkan entrepreneurship untuk mempersiapkan masa depan anak. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan implementasi pembelajaran entrepreneurship di Taman Kanak-kanak. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yaitu: observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian bahwa implementasi pembelajaran entrepreneurship di Taman Kanak-kanak khususnya TK School Of Universe, yaitu: melatih kemandirian dan keberanian anak, pembelajaran entrepreneurship merupakan praktik langsung setiap program dan disesuaikan dengan tema, evaluasi penerapan pembelajaran entrepreneurship dirangkum menjadi rapot. Implementasi pembelajaran entrepreneurship menjadi hal yang penting dikembangkan di Taman Kanak-kanak. Selain membuat anak belajar mandiri dan berani, entrepreneurship yang dikenalkan sejak usia dini akan memberikan pengalaman yang penting untuk masa depan anak nantinya.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Bermuatan STEAM Terhadap Karakter Kreatif dan Kemandirian
Authors: Amalia Dina , Sutarto Joko , Sugiyo Pranoto Yuli Kurniawati
Published: January 2022

Pandemi covid-19 berdampak pada bidang pendidikan. Pendidikan yang semula dengan metode tatap muka, kini diubah menjadi pembelajaran jarak jauh. Pembelajaran yang sesuai saat pembelajaran jarak jauh yaitu pembelajaran bermuatan STEAM. Karena muatan STEAM merupakan isu penting dalam pendidikan saat ini, sehingga karakter kreatif dan kemandirian anak dapat diintegrasikan melalui pembelajaran bermuatan STEAM. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran jarak jauh bermuatan STEAM terhadap karakter kreatif dan kemandirian anak dibeberapa PAUD di Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu pembelajaran jarak jauh bermuatan STEAM yang merupakan keterbaruan dari hasil integrasi STEM dengan tambahan Art dapat berpengaruh terhadap karakter kreatif dan kemandirian. Berdasarkan pernyataan permasalahan penelitian, dirumuskan pertanyaan bagaimana pengaruh pembelajaran jarak jauh bermuatan STEAM terhadap karakter kreatif dan kemandirian anak. Dampak dari penelitian pembelajaran jarak jauh bermuatan STEAM berupa pengembangan sikap kreatif dan kemandirian yang dapat diaplikasikan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari
Parenting Disorder Era Pandemi Covid-19 : Dampak pada Penerapan Pengasuhan
Authors: Shofiyah Ainin , Nusaibah Inas Bilqis , Fauziah Puji Yanti
Published: January 2022

Setiap orang tua memiliki tanggung jawab besar dalam pengasuhan kepada anak. Oleh itu, proses pengasuhan bukanlah hal yang mudah. Sehingga banyak orang tua mengalami hambatan yang menjadi kendala dalam pengasuhan. Fokus penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dampak pandemi Covid-19 pada penerapan pengasuhan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah mix method yaitu gabungan metode kuantitaif dan kualitatif. Pemilihan sample menggunakan porposive sampling dengan teknik pengumpulan data kuantitaif menggunakan google form yang disebar secara online kepada 30 responden yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan data kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara pada 7 responden yang mewakili populasi untuk memperkuat data kuantitaif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pandemi Covid-19 memberi dampak pada pengasuhan sehingga muncul kendala yang terjadi pada pengasuhan orang tua. Faktor yang menjadi kendala muncul dari emosional psikologi, kurangnya pemahaman dan kecakapan, keterbatasan waktu dan kesulitan ekonomi. Sehingga perlunya panduan orang tua dalam mengatasi kendala pengasuhan anak era pandemi Covid-19
Peran Guru dalam Merancang Pembelajaran Berbasis Kearifan Lokal di Masa Pandemi
Authors: M Rahmawati , Nurlina Nurlina , Lilianti Lilianti , Usman Usman , Risnajayanti Risnajayanti , Salma Sitti , Amaliah Wa Ode Sari
Published: January 2022

Pendidik  di TK  memiliki peranan penting untuk meningkatkan berbagai kemampuan anak terutama pada masa keemasan anak. Guru sendiri memaksimalkan fase golden age yang mana jatuh pada usia taman kanak-kanak menggunakan berbagai metode mengajar dan turut melibatkan pihak orang tua untuk merancang pembelajaran anak usia dini.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan  peran guru dalam merancang pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal di PAUD Al-Fath. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Informan penelitian ini berjumlah  3 orang guru kelas, 2 orang tua siswa dan 1 kepala sekolah. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi  kemudian dianalisis menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penyusunan pembelajaran berbasis kearifan  lokal dilakukan  dengan mencatat potensi yang ada dilingkungan  sekitar diantaranya adalah kondisi lingkungan masyarakat, adat kebiasaan yang berlaku dimasyarakat, bahasa yang digunakan, lagu daerah, makanan khas,  hasil kerajinan daearah dan permainan tradisional. Selain itu, dilakukan  berdasarkan pengalaman yang dilakukan di PAUD Al-Fath dan disusun berdasarkan unsur-unsur yang dibutuhkan dalam sebuah pengelolaan pembelajaran, kemudian diintegrasikan dengan kebutuhan terhadap pengenalan budaya lokal kepada anak usia dini dan kecintaan terhadap budaya lokal.
Instrumen Kecerdasan Moral untuk Anak: Validitas dan Reliabilitas
Authors: Pranoto Yuli Kurniawati Sugiyo , Auliya Falakhul , Saputri Uci
Published: January 2022

Pengukuran kecerdasan moral pada anak usia dini cenderung melibatkan pihak kedua seperti orang tua dan guru. Diperlukan pengembangan skala kecerdasan moral yang melibatkan partisipasi langsung anak. Penelitian ini menguji reliabilitas dan validitas eksternal skala kecerdasan moral dengan menggunakan sampel 208 Taman Kanak-kanak di 13 Taman Kanak-kanak di Kota Semarang. Dimensi kecerdasan moral yang dikembangkan Borba dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam penyusunan skala kecerdasan moral yaitu empati, hati nurani, pengendalian diri, rasa hormat, kebaikan, toleransi, dan keadilan. Empat belas item dengan 3 pertanyaan terkait dengan apa yang dipikirkan, dirasakan, dan dilakukan anak disiapkan, direvisi, dan diedit untuk diberikan kepada para ahli. Saran untuk modifikasi dan evaluasi dipertimbangkan dalam persiapan skala kecerdasan moral. Analisis item dihitung berdasarkan korelasi item total. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diketahui bahwa skala kecerdasan moral terdiri dari 14 item dengan nilai alpha cronbach sebesar 0,75. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa skala kecerdasan moral merupakan skala yang dapat diandalkan untuk mengukur kecerdasan moral anak usia dini.
Kindergarten Teachers Training in Integrating Anti-Corruption Education through Storytelling and Game
Authors: Ratih Grace Kartika , Iriani Ade , Dwikurnaningsih Yari
Published: January 2022

There are many ways to prevent corruption, one of them is in education. This study aims to provide training to kindergarten teachers on how to integrate anti-corruption values into teaching and learning activities using storytelling and game methods. This research applied mix method and took the setting in 2 schools in Salatiga, Indonesia. The qualitative data from the interviews were processed by transcribing the answers to the research questions, then sorting out the answers. The pre-test and post-test quantitative data were processed using Wilcoxon technique in SPSS.  From the test it is known Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) is 0.011. Because the value of 0.011 is smaller than 0.05, it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is an increase in competence about Anti-Corruption Education before and after training using the module. This research also contributes to expanding literacy source for kindergarten teachers in the form of anti-corruption education training modules
Eksplorasi Penerapan Pembelajaran Tatap Muka Terbatas pada Jenjang PAUD di Masa Kebiasaan Baru
Authors: Husna Mujlauwidzatul , Sugito Sugito
Published: January 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 membuat cara belajar di sekolah berubah. Setelah sempat kurang lebih selama satu tahun pembelajaran dilakukan jarak jauh, saat ini terbit kebijakan dari empat Menteri untuk membuka sekolah dan melaksanakan pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesiapan hingga pelaksanaan pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas di Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Subjek penelitian dipilih menggunakan Teknik pusposive sampling yaitu empat sekolah di Kota Malang yang telah menerapkan pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas namun memiliki karakteristik lingkungan dan jumlah siswa yang berbeda. Teknik pengumpulan data akan dilakukan melalui studi dokumentasi dan wawancara dengan pihak sekolah. Teknik analisis menggunakan teknik analisis domain. Hasil menggambarkan bahwa persiapan yang matang dan pelaksanaan yang tertib serta Kerjasama Lembaga PAUD dan orang tua dalam melaksanakan Pembelajaran tatap Muka Terbatas menjadikan pembelajaran berjalan dengan baik dan lancar.
The 'Sekolah Sak Ngajine' Program; The Habit of loving the Qur'an from an Early Age based on Tilawati
Authors: Mustajab Mustajab , Rozi Fathor , Baharun Hasan , Maulidiya Hikmatul
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe the implementation or application of the 'Sekolah Sak Ngajine' Program as a habit of loving the Qur'an from an early age in RA Khodijah II Sebaung, Gending District. The 'Sekolah Sak Ngajine' program is taken from the Javanese language, which means School While Reciting the Qur'an. This habituation program is packaged in Qur'an learning activities using the Tilawati method. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with the type of case study. This study found that the 'Sekolah Sak Ngajine' program can condition the tendency of the world of children to be active and challenging to concentrate so that the quality and quantity targets can be achieved well in learning the Qur'an. Through the 'Sekolah Sak Ngajine' program, it can have a tremendous impact on students, namely instilling the habit of learning the Qur'an to students so that they can foster a sense of love for the Qur'an from an early age in RA Khodijah II Sebaung, Gending District, Probolinggo Regency. The implication is that learning the Qur'an in early childhood requires creativity, patience, and patience from teachers in teaching.
Pengenalan Huruf Hijaiyyah melalui Media Kartu Gambar pada Anak
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Agusniatih Andi , Amrullah Amrullah , Suwika I Putu
Published: January 2022

Nilai agama sangat penting untuk dikembangkan pada anak usia dini karena hal tersebut merupakan salah satu aspek yang harus dikembangkan pada anak usia dini sehingga nilai agama  terkait mengenal huruf Hijaiyyah dikembangkan melalui media kartu  gambar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan nilai agama anak melalui media kartu gambar.  Metode Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan  pendekatan reaserch and development. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan wawancara. Hasil observasi dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis uji t test dan  manova. Hasilnya diperoleh nilai rata-rata pengamatan dari  15  anak yang menjadi sampel penelitian pretest 23,20 sedangkan posttet diperoleh nilai rata-rata 35,867. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji lapangan menggunakan kelas kontrol dan kelas ekspreimen diperoleh nilai rata-rata,  kelas eksperimen diperoleh nilai rata-rata pretest 34.10 sedangkan posttest 40.50, kelas kontrol memperoleh nilai rata-rata pretest 29.14 sedangkan posttest 37.00. Kemudian dilakukan uji manova hotellings trace diperoleh nilai kurang dari ( 0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa media gambar untuk pengenalan huruf hijaiyyah dapat mengembangkan nilai agama anak.
Permainan Edukatif Setatak Angka dalam Menstimulasi Kemampuan Berfikir Simbolik Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Wardani Eka Kusuma , Suryana Dadan
Published: January 2022

Kemampuan berfikir simbolik merupakan bagian dari aspek perkembangan kognitif. Dalam mengoptimalisasi kemampuan berfikir simbolik media yang digunakan adalah permainan edukatif setatak angka. Permainan edukatif setatak angka dipilih karena permainan ini belum banyak digunakan dalam menstimulasi kemampuan berfikir simbolik. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan permainan setatak angka dalam menstimulasi kemampuan berfikir simbolik anak usia dini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa permainan edukatif setatak angka yang digunakan sangat menarik dan dapat menstimulasi kemampuan berfikir simbolik anak usia 4-5 tahun dalam mengenal lambang bilangan, membilang banyak benda 1- 10 dan mengenal konsep bilangan ternyata berkembang sesuai harapan.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kosa Kata pada Anak Usia Dini melalui Permainan Tradisional Pancasila Lima Dasar
Authors: Buadanani Buadanani , Suryana Dadan
Published: January 2022

Kosa kata sangat penting untuk perkembangan bahasa anak, akan tetapi masih kurangnya penguasaan kosa kata ketika anak bercerita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kosakata pada anak usia dini melalui permainan tradisional pancasila lima dasar. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah anak kelompok B berjumlah 12 orang di TK Pembina Kandis Kabupaten Siak Propinsi Riau. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif yaitu penelitian tindakan kelas. Hasil penelitian pada saat pra tindakan 38,33% masuk pada kategori belum berkembang (BB), pada siklus I nilai rata-rata sebesar 59, 16% berada dalam kategori mulai berkembang (MB), dan pada siklus II diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 77, 83% kategori berkembang sesuai harapan (BSH). Melalui pemainan tradisional pancasila lima dasar ini anak dapat mengembangkan kemampuan penguasaan kosa kata yang bervariasi, anak akan semakin banyak mengenal kosakata baru yang belum diketahui, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan anak dalam bahasa.
Sikap Kepribadian Guru PAUD yang Menarik dan Disukai Peserta Didik
Authors: Lase Famahato , Zega Adrianus
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap, mengkaji lebih dalam apa adanya, secara spesifik dan urut mengenai kualitas sikap kepribadian guru dalam mendidik peserta didik. menggunakan metode deskriptif bersifat kuantitatif-kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dengan teknik skala likert menggunakan kuesioner, dan instrumen berupa angket tertutup yang dikembangkan berdasarkan pokok-pokok penelitian. Instrumen ini disebar secara acak dari populasi guru-guru PAUD di kota Gunungsitoli sebagai responden dan sumber data penelitian. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif, dan selanjutnya hasilnya akan dideskripsikan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian mengungkap bahwa kualitas sikap kepribadian guru berada pada kategori kurang dan sikap kepribadin ini berdampak besar terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik, baik secara positif maupun negatif. Direkomendasikan kepada para pendidik agar mengembangkan kualitas sikap kepribadian yang baik
Analisis Menggambar Doodle Terhadap Kreativitas Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Novi Yanti Silvia , Mayar Farida
Published: January 2022

Doodle adalah gambar sederhana yang dapat memiliki makna representasi konkret atau yang terdiri dari garis acak dan abstrak, dalam hal ini biasanya disebut "coretan". Teknik Menggambar Doodle dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengasah kemampuan seni anak sehingga mampu meransang perkembangan dan kreativitas anak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat dilihat dari kemampuan menggambar anak, selain itu juga terlihat dari semangat, minat, dan anak idik dalam melakukan kegiatan menggambar. Kreativitas anak juga terlihat dari adanya ide-ide baru dalam menggambar yang di lakukan anak. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa menggambar doodle dapat meningkatkan kreatifitas kemampuan menggambar anak.
Improving Verbal Linguistic Intelligence in Early Childhood Through the Use of Tiktok Media
Authors: Nu'man Agus , Rahmawati Indriana , Zubaidi Ahmad , Ainul Ainul , Dewi Hasti Retno
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the increase in verbal-linguistic intelligence of early childhood through TikTok media at RA Al Husna Krejenengan Probolinggo. The research method used is a qualitative case study type. To get an idea of increasing verbal-linguistic intelligence of early childhood through the use of Tiktok media, researchers conducted interviews with school principals and teachers at RA Al Husna Krejenengan Probolinggo. The results showed that the Tik Tok application, together with appropriate methods and techniques, could be used as an interactive learning medium in increasing early childhood verbal-linguistic intelligence. With its various features and ease of operation, the Tik Tok application can be implemented in dialogue learning between teachers and students
A new species of the genus Thymus (Lamiaceae) and a review of the series Callieriani in the North Caucasus
Authors: Vasjukov V. M.
Published: January 2022

A new species Thymus menitskyi Vasjukov is described. A check-list and identification key for species of the genus Thymus L. section Verticillati (Klokov et Des.-Shost.) Klokov series Callieriani Klokov et Des.-Shost (Lamiaceae) in the North Caucasus (Russia) are given.
Melanodevriesia, a New Genus of Endolichenic Oleaginous Black Yeast Recovered from the Inner Mongolia Region of China
Authors: Chang R. , Cao W. , Wang Y. , Li S. , Li X. , Bose T. , Si H.L.
Published: January 2022

Black yeasts are a phylogenetically diverse group of ascomycetous fungi that may exist in both unicellular and mycelial morphs. This group of fungi contains numerous commercially significant species as well as others whose precise roles are unknown, such as endolichenic species. There is currently a paucity of data about endolichenic black yeast species. To bridge this gap, we surveyed China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in July 2019. Several fungal species associated with diverse lichens were isolated during this survey. Among these were two isolates of a previously unknown species of oleaginous black yeast fromMycosphaerellales. Analyses of morphological and molecular data revealed that these two isolates were closely related toXenodevriesia strelitziicola(Xenodevriesiaceae), although with significant differences. As a result, we established the genusMelanodevriesia gen. nov.to describe this previously unknown species,Melanodevriesia melanelixiae sp. nov.In addition, we used Transmission Electron Microscopy to visualise the intracellular oil bodies metabolised by this fungus in its unicellular state. The black yeast species identified in this study may have a wide range of commercial applications. More research is needed to determine the chemical composition of the microbial oil synthesized by this fungus and whether it has commercial value.
The way to a meat-eater’s heart is through their stomach: Exposure to more appealing vegan food increases preference for meat-free options
Authors: Bradford Amy , Hancox Anna , Bryant Christopher John
Published: January 2022

Industrial animal agriculture harms the planet, human health, and animal welfare. Despite this, the public remains largely unwilling to forgo meat, most commonly because they are unwilling to give up the taste and sensory experience. However, rapidly improving meat alternatives means that the cost of forgoing meat is declining. We employed a 2x2 experimental design to examine the effects of exposure to images of appealing or unappealing meat or vegan food on (a) agreement with the statement that animals can feel pain, (b) estimates of how many animals are factory farmed, and (c) preference for meat or vegan food. Participants (N=469) were randomly assigned to one of the four experimental groups or a control group who saw no food. We found no significant difference in estimates of factory farming or animals’ ability to feel pain between conditions. However, results did show that exposure to appealing (vs. unappealing) vegan food was associated with a significantly stronger preference for vegan food. We discuss these findings in the context of rapidly improving meat alternatives.
Do Content Warnings Help People Spot a Deepfake? Evidence from Two Experiments
Authors: Lewis Andrew , Vu Patrick , Duch Raymond , Chowdhury Areeq
Published: January 2022

The advent and rapid advancement of 'deepfake videos' — so named as they are fake videos made to look real with the use of deep learning artificial intelligence programs — pose serious challenges to our digital information environment. As the technology continues to improve and fake videos proliferate, there is uncertainty about how people will discern genuine from manipulated videos, and how this will affect trust in online content. This paper conducts a pair of experiments aimed at gauging the public's ability to detect deepfakes from ordinary videos, and the extent to which content warnings improve detection of inauthentic videos. In the first experiment, we consider capacity for detection in natural environments: that is, do people spot deepfakes when they encounter them without a content warning? In the second experiment, we present the first evaluation of how warning labels affect capacity for detection, by telling participants at least one of the videos they are to see is a deepfake and observing the proportion of respondents who correctly identify the altered content. Our results show that, without a warning, individuals are no more likely to notice anything out of the ordinary when exposed to a deepfake video of neutral content (32.9%), compared to a control group who view only authentic videos (34.1%). Second, warning labels improve capacity for detection from 10.7% to 21.6%; while this is a substantial increase, the overwhelming majority of respondents who receive the warning are still unable to tell a deepfake from an unaltered video. A likely implication of this is that individuals, lacking capacity to manually detect deepfakes, will need to rely on the policies set by governments and technology companies around content moderation.
Reflections, Resilience, and Recovery: A qualitative study of the COVID-19 impact on an international general population’s mental health and priorities for support
Authors: Wong Keri Ka-Yee , Loke Kimberly , Melville Kyleigh
Published: January 2022

**This paper is now published in open access UCL Open Environment: https://ucl.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.14324/111.444/000119.v2*** The impact of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on different countries and populations is well documented in quantitative studies, with some studies showing stable mental health symptoms and others showing fluctuating symptoms. However, the reasons behind why some symptoms are stable and others change are under-explored, which in turn makes identifying the types of support needed by participants themselves challenging. To address these gaps, this study thematically analysed 925 qualitative responses from five open-ended responses collected in the UCL-Penn Global COVID Study between 17 April to 31 July 2021 (wave 3). Three key themes comprised of 13 codes were reported by participants across countries and ages regarding the impact of COVID-19 on their health, both mental and physical, and livelihoods. These include: 1) Outlook on self/life, 2) Self-improvement, and 3) Loved ones (friends and family). In terms of support, while 2.91% did not require additional support, 91% wanted support beyond financial. Other unexpected new themes were also discussed regarding vulnerable populations suffering disproportionately. The pandemic has brought into sharp focus various changes in people’s mental health, physical health, and relationships. Greater policy considerations should be given to supporting citizens’ continued access to mental health when considering pandemic recovery.Keywords: COVID-19; mental health; behavioural change; qualitative; financial burden; support.
Inhibition and shifting across the weight status spectrum
Authors: MAS Marine , Chambaron Stephanie , Chabanet Claire , Brindisi Marie-Claude
Published: January 2022

Executive functioning (EF) is of major interest in the study of cognitive factors involved in obesity. Among EF, shifting is related to behavioral flexibility, and inhibition to the ability to refrain from impulsive behavior. A deficit in those two EF could predict individual difficulties to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Weak evidence of deficits in shifting and inhibition in individuals of higher Body MassIndex (BMI) have been observed. The objective was to clarify the relationship between inhibition and shifting regarding weight status group differences in healthy adults. Two neuropsychological tests from the Test of Attentional Performance (TAP) battery were used to measure EF performance of three groups of men and women: normal-weight (NW, n=38), overweight (OW, n=40) and obesity (OB, n=37). The results show that individuals with higher BMI have lower inhibition capacities and that classically used weight status categories might not capture cognitive variability. No differences in shifting were observed concerning weight status nor BMI. This paper provides new insights on cognitive factors in obesity by presenting data from healthy individuals with overweight and obesity.The results support that assessing inhibition capacities might be of interest in a clinical setting for patients with difficulties to lose weight.
Tracking Legislators’ Expressed Policy Agendas in Real Time
Authors: Siegel Alexandra Arons , Laitin David , Lawrence Duncan , Weinstein Jeremy , Hainmueller Jens
Published: January 2022

We develop a real-time scalable method to analyze strategic communication by political actors on salient policy issues through their tweets. Using word embeddings and supervised machine learning models, we classify legislators' tweets according to whether or not they reference policy issues as well as what positions they promote. This allows us to measure the microdynamics of elite communication with a high level of temporal granularity in a manner that is scalable across diverse issue areas and legislatures. As a proof of concept, here we use this method to track the multi-year evolution of positions that members of Congress express on immigration and climate change. Validation with issue-specific vote scores suggests that our method performs with a satisfactory level of accuracy and enables us to identify legislators whose online rhetoric differs substantively from their voting behavior. We also display the immigration analysis on an automatically updated publicly available interactive website, enabling researchers, journalists, and policy makers alike to explore legislators' shifting rhetoric on immigration in real time.
Nailing Jelly: The Replication Problem Seems to Be Unsurmountable. Two Failed Replications of the Matrix Experiment
Authors: Walach Harald , Kirmse Karolina A. , Sedlmeier Peter , Vogt Hans , Hinterberger Thilo , Von Lucadou Walter
Published: January 2022

We have reported previously on positive effects found in the matrix experiment. This is a setup where a random event generator (REG) drives a display, which participants are instructed to “influence” at will, i.e., in a psychokinesis (PK) setup. The difference of this matrix experiment from standard micro-PK REG experiments was that the deviation from randomness was not measured, but a large array of 2025 correlations between the behavior of the participant and the behavior of the REG was tested. This previous experiment was significant, and we devised a consensus protocol, which was deposited before commencement, according to which we conducted two independent replications with the same experimental setup and equipment. In the first experiment 64 participants conducted the experiment in one location under the experimental guidance of KK, in the second experiment 40 participants conducted the experiment in another location under the experimental guidance of HV. The analysis used a non-parametric randomization test with 10,000 iterations. None of the two experiments was significant. While in the first experiment a very small, but non-significant effect was found, in the second experiment no effect whatsoever was detectable. Sensitivity analyses did not suggest that the effect was in fact there but overlooked by our analysis. We discuss the findings in the context of the larger debate around replicability of parapsychological (PSI) research results and our theoretical model. This starts from the assumptions that such PSI effects are likely effects of a generalized form of entanglement correlations, and a consequence of this model is that such effects must not be used for the transfer of signals. Classical experiments, however, are detectors or extractors of signals in or from systems. This seems to be prohibited. Thus, the replication problem and this failed replication is likely part of the systematic nature of these effects. This makes it unlikely that experimental research alone will be successful in the long run demonstrating PSI effects. Our conclusion is that the matrix experiment is not a replicable paradigm in PSI research.
After: A Doctor Explores What Near-Death Experiences Reveal about Life and Beyond by Bruce Greyson
Authors: Alexander John B.
Published: January 2022

After portrays the epic journey of a true skeptic who chose to follow the data rather than reject seemingly fantastical accounts from his patients. It is an account of transformation while maintaining a thoughtful balance accommodating both spiritual and material worldviews. Spurred on by serendipitous events, uniquely Greyson has spent more than four decades chasing the previously inexplicable, and gossamer-like, but tantalizing glimpses of what was reported to be the continuation of consciousness beyond physical existence. There have been a number of compelling books describing detailed accounts of those who pierced the veil and returned to report on it. In Proof of Heaven, Dr. Eben Alexander, a neurosurgeon with more than two decades of experience, first related his extensive interactions in the nether realms while suffering from gram-negative meningitis; a condition from which he was not expected to survive. Dr. Mary Neal incredibly was revived after more than 30 minutes submerged in the raging waters in the Los Rios region in southern Chile. Writing To Heaven and Back, similarly, she reported events that can only be described as miracles and extracorporeal encounters with heavenly deities. While discarnate, she was provided accurate information of events that tragically would come to pass, thus substantiating the validity of that experience. Those books, and many others, provide insightful details into often dramatic experiences. What Greyson brings to the table is more than four decades of intensive research and examination of thousands of reported near-death experiences (NDE’s), the breadth and depth of which are unparalleled.
The Believer: Alien Encounters, Hard Science, and the Passion of John Mack by Ralph Blumenthal
Authors: Bullard Eddie
Published: January 2022

I remember the golden era of UFO abduction research. In 1966 John G. Fuller published The Interrupted Journey and suddenly everyone seemed to know the strange story of Barney and Betty Hill taken from their car by aliens and subjected to medical examinations aboard a flying saucer. The whole town talked about it, so did the whole country. Only ufologists held back, having learned the hard way that the more sensational a UFO story sounded, the more likely it stood on evidential legs too slender to support it. UFOs enjoyed newsworthiness and unaccustomed respect this year; it was no time to puncture the swelling goodwill by falling for a fake, fantasy, or honest mistake (Bullard 2018).

            Still, this case was different.  The Hills were highly respected in their community, Fuller was a Saturday Review columnist, and Dr. Benjamin Simon, the psychiatrist who recovered memories of the Hills’ period of missing time by means of hypnosis, was a pillar of his profession.  Incredible as the story sounded, it unfolded with credible verisimilitude.  It told us more about the aliens and their spaceship than any previous trustworthy report.  It even made sense according to the prevailing conception that aliens arrived as explorers like our astronauts, their mission to observe, collect soil samples, and doubtless to study the numerous large mammals having the technology to ride around in four-wheeled machines.
Remembering Carlos S. Alvarado
Authors: Martinez-Taboas Alfonso
Published: January 2022

I have remote but clear memories about the first time that I met Carlos S. Alvarado. It was in 1972. He was 17 and I 19 years old. Let me explain why we met at so young an age. In 1972 I was a member of the Society for Psychical Research (SPR). By that time, I was intellectually precocious and had already read about 200 books and many journals on psychical research or parapsychology. However, I felt completely alone: Nobody in Puerto Rico seemed to know the academic literature on those subjects. Therefore, I wrote to the secretary of the SPR asking if there was another member in Puerto Rico. At last! Yes! A person by the name of Carlos S. Alvarado. My first reaction was of total elation. However, on second thought, I was nervous and hesitant. I expected to meet a much older person who, seeing my young age, would dismiss me. So I wrote to Carlos a long letter where I explained that I was a young person but with a very serious approach to parapsychology. Rapidly he replied to me (remember, by mail; there was no email then). He really surprised me when he told me that he was nearly two years younger than I was! Not only that, our mothers had been friends when they were younger! So, in that way, a friendship that extended for 49 years began. In this obituary, I want to concentrate my comments on those early years that were important in Carlos’ decision to study parapsychology and to dedicate his intellectual life to the subject.
THE Most Important Book about Climate Change. Unsettled: What Climate Science Tells Us, What It Doesn’t, and Why It Matters by Steven E. Koonin
Authors: Bauer Henry
Published: January 2022

If you want to know the facts about global warming and climate change, if you want to reach your own informed opinion about what should be done about it, this is the book to read. All relevant facts are presented clearly, very much including the historical records together with scrupulous citing of primary sources, among which the official published reports, international and national, feature prominently. The author’s credentials for this work could hardly be more impressive. Steven Koonin has been a successful physicist, including pioneering work on the use of high-performance computers in simulation and modeling. He gained some insights from the administrative role of Vice President and Provost at Caltech; another highly relevant experience as Chief Scientist for the oil company BP, focusing on renewable energy possibilities; and he was an Undersecretary for Science in the Department of Energy in the Obama Administration, focusing on energy technologies and climate science. He understands the viewpoints of scientists, of government, and of industry; in other words, he knows whereof he speaks. Throughout the book, Koonin takes deliberate, explicit care to write dispassionately and factually. At the outset, he acknowledges that the path to convincing any wide audience calls for arousing emotion, so that scientists are inevitably in a dilemma: whether simply to describe the facts and hope for appropriate attention to them, or whether to find emotionally impressive ways of spinning and hyping the facts. Koonin takes the first course quite effectively. For example, “the science doesn’t support what’s portrayed in most popular discussions” might also have been expressed as, say, “We are being massively misled about so-called climate science, by media, pundits, and official climate scientists.” Thus the book’s careful, factually based wording may easily seem incongruous as it describes unwarranted and unscrupulous mis-stating of facts, spinning, and hyping, which seem to be an integral part of official “consensual” “climate science,” to which the book refers as “The Science” to contrast with actual evidence-based science.
Incidental Vocabulary Learning Opportunities in the Reading Comprehension Passages
Authors: Hidayati Kuni Hikmah
Published: January 2022

This paper reports on research into vocabulary learning opportunities provided in the reading comprehension passages. It is a quantitative study with a corpus analysis using AntWordProfiler program. Data was collected from reading comprehension passages involving all words in the passages. The results show that the reading comprehension passages provided a great opportunity to deepen knowledge of first 1,000 most frequent words. However, they did not provide good opportunities to develop knowledge of second 1,000 most frequent words, academic words and unlisted words well. This is because most of the word families found in the reading comprehension passages occurred once and less than five times. In conclusion, the reading comprehension passages provided opportunities to learn first 1,000 most frequent words and lacked the opportunities for second 1,000 most frequent words, academic words and unlisted words.
Microbiology Learning Based life Skills Education of Student In TADRIS Biology PRODI FATIK IAIN Kendari Through the Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach
Authors: Rosmini Rosmini , Badrianti Badrianti
Published: January 2022

This study aims to (1) examine the life skills of students of Tadris Biology PRODI, FATIK IAIN Kendari through Microbiology learning based on Life Skills Education using the CTL Approach, (2) examining the attitudes of  Tadris Biology PRODI, FATIK IAIN Kendari after learning Microbiology Based on Life Skills Education with the CTL approach. The research sample was all students of the Tadris Biology PRODI FATIK IAIN Kendari in the fifth semester of the 2018/2019 academic year totaling 32 students. The results showed that the life skills of students of the Tadris Biology PRODI at FATIK IAIN Kendari in the fifth semester of the 2018/2019 academic year through learning Microbiology with the CTL approach, all students achieved life skills competence with an average score of 8.93. Based on the results of the questionnaire, students' attitudes showed a positive attitude, meaning that students in general (85.91%) agreed to microbiology learning based on life skills education with the Cotextual Teaching and Learning Approach.  .