bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-resolution facies modeling of presalt lacustrine carbonates reservoir analog: Morro do Chaves Formation example, Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, Brazil
Authors: Menezes Paulo T. L. , Travassos Jandyr M. , Medeiros Marco A. M. , Takayama Patricia
Published: April 2016

Barremian lacustrine carbonates, mainly coquinas, are the reservoir rocks of the large presalt petroleum discoveries in deep to ultradeepwaters, at the southeast Brazilian margin, namely, the Santos, Campos, and Espirito Santo Basins. The complex geologic setting of those discoveries, with massive overburden of salt bodies, makes the seismic imaging of the carbonate reservoirs an expensive and challenging issue. In this setting, accurate facies models are a requirement to the predictability of the carbonate reservoir intervals. We have developed an analog high-resolution coquinas facies model based on an interpretation of a pseudo-3D ground penetrating radar survey. We relied not only on the trace amplitude analysis, but also on trace attributes to reduce the ambiguity of the interpretation due to possible visual biases, which may relate electromagnetic reflection amplitude to geologic relevance. We have used the dip and texture attributes to help us better understand the subsurface and to focus on the main stratigraphic features of the reservoir analog. We have applied the dip attribute to discriminate among distinct facies and to provide a dip-steered horizon-tracking tool, honoring the stratigraphic layering. We have also used a texture attribute to downgrade high-frequency noise in the amplitude cube and emphasize the main stratigraphic horizons separating reflections with a similar and consistent pattern. Then, we produced a joint interpretation, based on three trace attributes, that is, amplitude, dip, and texture, to highlight the main radar facies. That resulted in a facies model in which three southwest–northeast-striking coquina bars (reservoir facies), associated with transgressive systems tract interbedded with shales (nonreservoir facies) of highstand systems tract, are clearly marked.
Integration of geology, seismic, and geochemical data — Theory and practice in Cheeseburger Field, Stonewall County, Texas, USA
Authors: Rice Gary K. , King Greg , Henson Jay
Published: April 2016

Difficult-to-find petroleum resources and expensive drilling drive the need for improved exploration methods. Although improvement can be made by technically advancing individual methods, greater improvement comes from integrating existing independent exploration methods to dramatically improve drilling success. Exploration integration is often discussed, but it is less often carried out. A reason exploration integration has been limited may be due to the lack of clearly defined integration methods. In this study, we looked at the integration of independent exploration methods; we studied its fundamental principles, how it works, and why it is effective. Derived from basic probability theory, a simple map overlay of independent exploration data can be an effective integration method. Probability calculations determine the probability of a successful well from known probabilities of integrated independent techniques. A successful integration of data from Cheeseburger Field, Eastern Shelf of the Midland Basin, Stonewall County, Texas, illustrates how integration of 3D seismic, subsurface geologic, and surface geochemical data improve drilling results beyond those achieved from any single method used alone. In Cheeseburger Field, 3D seismic and subsurface geology resulted in [Formula: see text] successful wells. After integrating geochemical exploration data, results improved to [Formula: see text]. Modern petroleum exploration is a multitool, integrated information science. Probability theory provides a means for predicting outcome of integrating independent exploration methods. Enhanced exploration success can be achieved by combining independent and complementary exploration methods in this integration process.
Automatically interpreting all faults, unconformities, and horizons from 3D seismic images
Authors: Wu Xinming , Hale Dave
Published: April 2016

Extracting fault, unconformity, and horizon surfaces from a seismic image is useful for interpretation of geologic structures and stratigraphic features. Although others automate the extraction of each type of these surfaces to some extent, it is difficult to automatically interpret a seismic image with all three types of surfaces because they could intersect with each other. For example, horizons can be especially difficult to extract from a seismic image complicated by faults and unconformities because a horizon surface can be dislocated at faults and terminated at unconformities. We have proposed a processing procedure to automatically extract all the faults, unconformities, and horizon surfaces from a 3D seismic image. In our processing, we first extracted fault surfaces, estimated fault slips, and undid the faulting in the seismic image. Then, we extracted unconformities from the unfaulted image with continuous reflectors across faults. Finally, we used the unconformities as constraints for image flattening and horizon extraction. Most of the processing was image processing or array processing and was achieved by efficiently solving partial differential equations. We used a 3D real example with faults and unconformities to demonstrate the entire image processing.
Innovations in scholarly communication - global survey on research tool usage
Authors: Kramer Bianca , Bosman Jeroen
Published: April 2016

Many new websites and online tools have come into existence to support scholarly communication in all phases of the research workflow. To what extent researchers are using these and more traditional tools has been largely unknown. This 2015-2016 survey aimed to fill that gap. Its results may help decision making by stakeholders supporting researchers and may also help researchers wishing to reflect on their own online workflows. In addition, information on tools usage can inform studies of changing research workflows.

The online survey employed an open, non-probability sample. A largely self-selected group of 20663 researchers, librarians, editors, publishers and other groups involved in research took the survey, which was available in seven languages. The survey was open from May 10, 2015 to February 10, 2016. It captured information on tool usage for 17 research activities, stance towards open access and open science, and expectations of the most important development in scholarly communication. Respondents’ demographics included research roles, country of affiliation, research discipline and year of first publication.
Competing with Superstars
Authors: Ammann Manuel , Horsch Philipp , Oesch David
Published: April 2016

This paper investigates the effect of superstar chief executive officers (CEOs) on their competitors. Exploiting shocks to CEO status due to prestigious media awards, we document a significant positive stock market performance of competitors of superstar CEOs subsequent to the award. The effect is more pronounced for competitors who have not received an award themselves, who are geographically close to an award winner, and who are not entrenched. We observe an increase in risk taking, operating performance, and innovation activity of superstars’ competitors as potential channels for this positive performance. Our results suggest a positive overall welfare impact of corporate superstar systems due to the incentivizing effect on superstars’ competitors.

This paper was accepted by Wei Jiang, finance.
Extra-axial chordomas
Authors: Evans S , Khan Z , Jeys L , Grimer R
Published: April 2016

Introduction

A chordoma is a slow growing malignant tumour of notochordal origin. A tumour with histological features that are identical to those of a chordoma may arise outside the axial skeleton. To date, there is little in the literature documenting their clinical course.

Methods

Our large orthopaedic oncology database was used to document the clinical course of extra-axial chordoma.

Results

Over a 30-year period, 131 patients diagnosed with a chordoma were treated at our unit. Only three (2.3%) of these cases were extra-axial chordomas: one in the femur, one in the ulna and one in the proximal fibula. All underwent surgical resection.

Conclusions

In view of the rarity of this tumour and the difficulty in confirming its diagnosis, we suggest that any suspected case is discussed with a specialist sarcoma multidisciplinary team so that the correct diagnosis can be achieved and treatment tailored accordingly.
Pen Device for U-500 Insulin; Tamper-Resistant Seals; Dispelling Myths about ISMP
Authors: Cohen Michael R. , Smetzer Judy L.
Published: April 2016

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them at your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) Medication Errors Reporting Program. Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below. Errors, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported directly to ISMP through the ISMP Web site ( www.ismp.org ), by calling 800-FAIL-SAFE, or via e-mail at ismpinfo@ismp.org . ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters' wishes as to the level of detail included in publications.
Benazepril: Nephropathy (Non-diabetic)
Authors: Generali Joyce A. , Cada Dennis J.
Published: April 2016

This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label Drug Facts, a publication available from Wolters Kluwer Health. Off-Label Drug Facts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific drug uses that are unapproved by the US Food and Drug Administration. This new guide to the literature enables the health care professional or clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information before patient care decisions are made. Direct questions or comments regarding Off-Label Drug Uses to jgeneral@ku.edu .
“A social worker first and foremost”: The motivation and experiences of recently qualified social workers in posts not requiring social work registration in England
Authors: Scholar Helen
Published: April 2016

This article reports findings from a qualitative study based on interviews with recently qualified social workers (within the last five years) employed in positions not requiring social work registration and qualification. It discusses the motivations and experiences of recently qualified social workers in posts not requiring social work registration and the issues that they identify as important in maintaining an individual and collective social work identity.
Trafalgar (1805): política, literatura y mito
Authors: Díaz Larios Luis Federico
Published: April 2016

La batalla de Trafalgar es uno de los acontecimientos bélicos más comentados por los ilustrados españoles en la encrucijada de entre siglos. Una dolorosa catarsis que evidencia la debilidad y las contradicciones internas de la monarquía española.
El teatro trágico de María Rosa Gálvez de Cabrera en el tránsito de la Ilustración al Romanticismo: una utopía femenina y feminista
Authors: Establier Pérez Helena
Published: April 2016

El teatro trágico de Mª Rosa Gálvez (¿1768?-1806), se inscribe en un periodo, el de entresiglos, en el que la rigidez del esquema dramático neoclásico va cediendo paso a una nueva concepción de la tragedia, contagiada del espíritu de la filosofía sensualista imperante, que prefigura ya la aparición del drama romántico. Esta ambigüedad propia del momento de transición en el que se desarrolla la actividad dramática de esta autora, explica la sorprendente heterodoxia ideológica que rezuma de sus tragedias y que le permite plantear un nuevo concepto de feminidad, más allá de los límites de la mentalidad ilustrada imperante. Dos son, en particular, las «utopías de lo femenino» en las que la autora subvierte el fondo ideológico de la tragedia para proporcionar, sin exponerse demasiado, unas claves nuevas en la interpretación de la función de lo femenino en el nuevo siglo: los dramas trágicos Safo (1801) y Zinda (1804). El análisis de estas obras muestra cómo el nuevo concepto de libertad que traía el nuevo siglo se superpone a las ideas ilustradas de razón y sensibilidad, y también cómo todo ello sirve de sustento al feminismo que anima el proyecto literario de la autora.
Representación del teatro cómico de Pío Baroja: El horroroso crimen de Peñaranda del Campo
Authors: Gutiérrez Carbajo Francisco
Published: April 2016

Se estudia en este trabajo la representación de la obra de Pío Baroja El horroroso crimen de Peñaranda del Campo en el año 1978 por el Teatro Libre, dirigido por José Luis Alonso de Santos, en Madrid y otras ciudades. Se analizan los procesos de adaptación e interpretación de la farsa y su recepción.
María de la Hoz: Tono y Mihura en las trincheras
Authors: Moreiro Prieto Julián
Published: April 2016

Aunque María de la Hoz (1939) comparte con otras publicaciones los tópicos acuñados por la maquinaria propagandística del franquismo sobre la España republicana, el punto de vista elegido por sus autores, Tono y Mihura, introduce una ironía distanciadora de gran eficacia expresiva y confiere a sus páginas un cierto porte artístico, ausente por completo en otros productos de aquella hora. Al aplicar a una realidad dramática un tratamiento estético en principio inconveniente, basado en los principios del humor inverosímil, los escritores consiguen un efecto desconcertante que aconseja colocar este librito en un aparte dentro de la literatura de combate.
El crimen de Villaviciosa, de Ramón de Navarrete: entre la crónica de sociedad y el relato de misterio
Authors: Rubio Cremades Enrique
Published: April 2016

This article is an analysis of a novel which contains elements of a mystery story, the chronicle of a crime and a portrait of the society of the upper classes in Spain during the Revolution of 1868 and the Restoration of the Borbons.
Los dramas de la conciencia y la memoria
Authors: Paulino Ayuso José
Published: April 2016

Entre el teatro político y el teatro histórico debe haber un lugar para el de la memoria, que trata de la realidad pasada en función de su sentido para el presente de la sociedad, según Paul Ricoeur. Dentro de esta modalidad, en la trayectoria del franquismo, hubo una memoria impuesta de los vencedores y una memoria, ficcional e incluso imaginaria, de los vencidos. Con Buero comienza una reflexión inmediata acerca de la memoria herida y del olvido como enfermedad. El artículo sigue la línea de la reflexión más que la mera referencia a hechos y acontecimientos. Así, ya desde la democracia, se vuelve a la función restauradora de la memoria colectiva de los vencidos y al debate acerca de la memoria misma y la amnesia, como cuestión simbólica no resuelta, de la que se refieren varios ejemplos.
La vigencia de la novela de aprendizaje: un análisis de Carreteras secundarias, de Martínez de Pisón y El viento de la luna, de Muñoz Molina
Authors: Penas Varela Ermitas
Published: April 2016

El artículo pretende demostrar, tras el análisis de la estructura y el contenido de ambas novelas, que tanto la narración de Martínez de Pisón como la de Muñoz Molina pueden encuadrarse en el género del bildungsroman. Además, El viento de la Luna, por sus características específicas, es posible vincularla a una modalidad nada infrecuente en la novela de aprendizaje: la novela lírica. Los dos relatos no sólo constatan la vigencia del género mencionado, sino la impronta de la dictadura franquista que llega al lector a través de la memoria de los jóvenes protagonistas.
Hombre o mujer, cuestión de apariencia: un caso de travestismo en el teatro del XVIII
Authors: Angulo Egea María
Published: April 2016

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre el papel de la mujer dentro y fuera del teatro del siglo XVIII por medio del análisis de la comedia sentimental La dama misterio, capitán marino y de las declaraciones de su autora María de Laborda en el prólogo a la comedia. Esta pieza teatral tiene un notable interés por dos aspectos fundamentales para el período en el que está enmarcada y para el género literario al que pertenece: está escrita por una actriz y protagonizada por una mujer, pero además, se reivindica un papel femenino más activo en la sociedad, haciendo un particular uso del recurso del travestismo teatral en el desarrollo de la comedia. Este estudio se ocupa de explicar la figura y la obra de María de Laborda, desde su marginalidad, pero con su capacidad de innovación, dentro del panorama teatral de finales del Setecientos.
El peligroso Madrid de las aleluyas
Authors: García Castañeda Salvador
Published: April 2016

De Madrid y de las costumbres de sus habitantes a lo largo del siglo XIX se han ocupado numerosos autores tanto españoles como extranjeros; aquí me propongo estudiar la visión que ofrecen las aleluyas de esa ciudad y de esas costumbres, una visión propia de la literatura popular, paralela a la que ofrece la culta. Estas aleluyas sirven de ejemplo para mostrar la influencia de ambas literaturas entre sí; y a través de su visión esquemática y simplista las aleluyas difunden una moralización y una crítica social dirigidas a un público formado en su mayoría por las clases bajas.
Los espacios urbanos de la miseria en algunas novelas del siglo XIX: una estética de la verdad
Authors: Lissorgues Yvan
Published: April 2016

En la estela de L’Assommoir (1877) y a partir de La desheredada (1881), por primera vez en España, acceden a la representación literaria los espacios urbanos del bajo pueblo: los barrios de la miseria del Sur de Madrid (en La desheredada, Fortunata y Jacinta, Nazarín, Misericordia, La Busca, Mala Hierba,…), los espacios del «proletariado» urbano de Marineda (La Tribuna) o de Vetusta (La Regenta). Además del precioso valor documental de estas representaciones de unas realidades hasta entonces ocultadas o idealizadas, se impone, según una ética totalizadora, una estética de la verdad que es una superación de la teoría de los niveles estilísticos que ignoraba lo bajo, por feo y por indigno del arte o lo relegaba al campo de lo cómico (comedia) o lo toleraba como contrapunto burlesco de lo grande (épica, tragedia). En España, como en toda Europa, las obras naturalistas de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, gracias al total ensanchamiento temático y al rigor puesto en la fidelidad de la pintura, rompen definitivamente esa jerarquía de los estilos y muestran que cualquier realidad, como la de los barrios urbanos de la miseria, puede ser objeto de representación artística.
Luces y sombras de Madrid en la narrativa de Pereda
Authors: Gutiérrez Sebastián Raquel
Published: April 2016

El trabajo analiza la visión negativa que de Madrid y sus gentes aparece en gran parte de las narraciones de José María de Pereda, desde sus primeros artículos costumbristas a novelas de plenitud como Pedro Sánchez (1883). En estas obras el novelista va perfilando una imagen de la capital de España cuajada de tópicos negativos y subordinada a sus intereses ideológicos, salpicada de elementos del costumbrismo literario y tamizada por su «conservadurismo periférico», que consideraba moralmente superior el mundo rural y que se ensañaba contra los vicios que anidaban en el cortesano, aunque un estudio detallado revela que esa imagen esencialmente negativa de Madrid es un prisma de varias caras que conviene detallar.
Recorriendo Madrid: Una cristiana y La prueba de Emilia Pardo Bazán
Authors: Charques Gámez Rocío
Published: April 2016

En Una cristiana y La prueba Emilia Pardo Bazán enmarca la historia de sus personajes en los espacios típicos de su obra de creación: Galicia y Madrid. En este trabajo analizamos la presencia del espacio urbano, en concreto de la capital española, en estas novelas. Los espacios públicos y los espacios privados son dos aspectos fundamentales en los que nos detendremos en este estudio.
Los barrios de Elvira Lindo
Authors: Servén Díez Carmen
Published: April 2016

La actual teoría de la literatura procura superar la concepción del espacio como ámbito exclusivamente topográfico de la historia y aborda, desde diversos ángulos y con resultados dispares, el problema del espacio como aspecto crucial de la mímesis. La crítica ha mostrado ya que la tematización de ciertos espacios y su consiguiente valor simbólico se relacionan con las coordenadas socio-económicas e históricas en que se consolidan ciertas formas de vida y pensamiento, así como ciertos criterios estéticos. De ahí que algunos espacios bien diferenciados se conviertan en tópicos durante determinados periodos artísticos, y adquieran un valor simbólico concreto a través de la mirada de un autor particular. Tal ocurre con el barrio madrileño, que constituye una constante en la obra narrativa de Elvira Lindo y se erige además en síntoma de la realidad social contemporánea. En las novelas de Lindo, el hombre y su paisaje se acompañan en el seno del barrio dibujando el mundo peculiar del Madrid posmoderno, en que la globalización y otros fenómenos modifican notoriamente el mosaico urbano: la yuxtaposición de razas, etnias, culturas y valores; la consideración de un centro histórico mítico y vacío, frente a los centros comerciales periféricos que cubren el ocio de la población; las enormes masas de inmigrantes que se instalan en zonas bien circunscritas, forjando así una peculiar forma de chinatown, como Lavapiés... Madrid ya no es una ciudad con una almendra central de ocio y comercio, sino una constelación de barrios peculiares en los que arraiga el apego del urbanita. Lindo procura captar los «espacios diferenciales» de lo urbano; siempre consciente de que el espacio no es un vacío colmado o no de materiales, y de que el grado de centralidad es relevante. Su novelística es, entre otras muchas ofertas interpretativas de la realidad, un homenaje y una crónica posmoderna de los barrios de Madrid, especialmente de los barrios del extrarradio. No se entienda por ello que se trata de un conjunto narrativo reducido a la fotografía costumbrista; Lindo habla de desgarros interiores, de superación y crecimiento personal, de relación entre el interior y el exterior de las personas..., lo que desborda a todas luces la pintura de costumbres.
Las revistas de actualidad germen de la crónica literaria. Algunas calas en la evolución de un género periodístico entre 1845 y 1868
Authors: Alonso Cecilio
Published: April 2016

Ensayo de aproximación diacrónica a las secciones de actualidad en publicaciones literarias e ilustradas hasta 1868, bajo la hipótesis de que en ellas se incubó la crónica literaria moderna afirmada en el último cuarto del siglo xix. Se presta atención a los autores más destacados en este proceso, a sus tendencias informativas y retóricas, en relación a tres modelos conceptuales de periódicos —«Pintorescos», «Universales» e «Ilustraciones». En ellos la construcción de la imagen nacional trata de ajustarse a los grandes referentes europeos.
Hispanoamérica y España a mediados del siglo XIX: el editor Francisco de Paula Mellado y la Revista Española de Ambos Mundos
Authors: Rubio Cremades Enrique
Published: April 2016

La relación entre España e Hispanoamérica es el principal objetivo del célebre editor Francisco de Paula Mellado, fundador del primer periódico en España, Revista Española de Ambos Mundos, que reúne a los escritores de más prestigio de mediados del siglo XIX con un único fin: analizar y debatir múltiples asuntos, desde los humanísticos hasta los de índole económico y social.
Crítica teatral en El Artista: defensa del nuevo drama romántico
Authors: Vaíllo Garri Nadia Rebeca
Published: April 2016

El Artista, revista literaria del primer tercio del siglo xix, establece como principal objetivo la defensa de la nueva escuela romántica; propósito este que se muestra de modo evidente en los artículos de crítica literaria. Las reseñas sobre teatro no solo analizan y valoran las propias representaciones, sino que además reflexionan sobre los principios y polémicas del nuevo movimiento. Concretamente, los editores de esta revista madrileña denuncian el lamentable estado en el que se halla el teatro, fruto del escaso afecto e interés que el público le prodiga a las bellas artes españolas. Asimismo, critican los errores estéticos y estilísticos de la vieja y obsoleta escuela neoclásica. La difusión del nuevo drama romántico también tiene cabida en estas páginas destinadas al análisis literario, donde los colaboradores de El Artista defienden con vehemencia estas piezas teatrales, convertidas en objeto de crítica por parte de algunos sectores.
Uso de traçadores naturais e fluorescentes para identificação de seções de descarga na bacia de Juatuba
Authors: Ferreira Vinícius Verna Magalhães , Chagas Cláudio José , Rocha Zildete , Moreira Rubens Martins , Santos Talita Oliveira , Fonseca Raquel Luiza Mageste , Lemos Nayron Cosme , Fonseca Elenísio Santana , Ferraz Thais , Menezes Maria Angela Barros Correa
Published: April 2016

A Bacia de Juatuba, situada a cerca de 60 km de Belo Horizonte, tem sido utilizada como um laboratório de diversos estudos hidrossedimentológicos há diversos anos, em projetos de pesquisas que muitas vezes envolvem o uso de traçadores naturais, fluorescentes e radioativos. Neste trabalho, o radônio foi utilizado como traçador para investigar a ocorrência de seções de descarga na Bacia de Juatuba. Para análises das concentrações de atividade do radônio nas amostras de águas coletadas foi utilizado o equipamento RAD 7. Foram encontradas seções com concentrações de atividade de radônio muito acima da média do córrego em estudo. Variações de vazões obtidas com o uso de traçadores fluorescentes e um fluorímetro ratificam o indicativo da existência de seções de descarga no local.
Changes in the essential oil content and terpene composition of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) by using plant biostimulants
Authors: FOROUTAN NIA Amir , NAGHDI BADI Hassanali , MEHRAFARIN Ali , BAHMAN Sanaz , SEIF SAHANDI Mehdi
Published: April 2016

Plant biostimulants can stimulate the increase of growth, metabolism and the biosynthesis of metabolites in plants. This study investigated the changes of rosemary essential oil and its components composition under use of biostimulants for the possible reduction in use of chemical fertilizers. Treatments included biostimulants based on amino acids in four formulations, Aminolforte, Kadostim, Humiforte, and Fosnutren (each of them at 0.75 and 1.5 L ha-1), and application of N.P.K fertilizer as a control treatment (by applied complete fertilizer at 100 kg per hectar with proportion of 15:8:15 percentage of N:P:K in the fertilizer). Results showed that the essential oil content and its components were significantly affected by biostimulants application. The maximum content of essential oil was obtained at 1.5 L ha-1 Humiforte and both concentrations of Aminolforte. While, the highest content of α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, and camphor as major components of rosemary essential oil were obtained at 1.5 L ha-1 Fosnutren. In addition, the maximum content of linalool, z-pinocamphone, bornyl acetate, and caryophyllene oxide were observed at 1.5 L ha-1 Fosnutren.Although, the highest content of myrcene and verbenone was obtained in the treatment with N.P.K fertilizer, but the maximum contents of β-pinene, camphene, borneol, and α-terpineol were related to the both concentrations of Aminolforte.We can conclude that biostimulants based on amino acids can be an effective alternative in reducing the use of chemical fertilizer and increasing the quantity and quality of rosemary essential oil.
Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) oilcake – untapped resource of phenolic compounds
Authors: TERPINC Petra , ABRAMOVIČ Helena
Published: April 2016

The work includes a comprehensive study of phenolic compounds, their occurrence and identification in the residues after pressing of the oil from camelina seeds of Slovenian origin, i.e. oilcake. In addition, the efficiencies of antioxidant determinations using different methods according to different mechanisms are presented. These data demonstrate that almost all of the phenolic compounds in these seeds remain in the seed oilcake. The following antioxidants were confirmed: sinapine, 4-vinylphenol, 4-vinylguaiacol, 4-vinylsyringol, 4-vinylcatechol, ellagic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, sinapic acid, salicylic acid, catechin, quercetin and quercetin glucoside. The oilcake has high reducing power and radical scavenging activity. Heat treatment of seeds affects the amount of free, soluble and insoluble bound phenolic compounds as well as antioxidant capacity of individual fractions. Potential applications of camelina oilcake in the food industry are further justified by comparisons with other oilcakes and synthetic antioxidant.
Homogeneous geodesics in pseudo-Riemannian nilmanifolds
Authors: Barco Viviana del
Published: April 2016

We study the geodesic orbit property for nilpotent Lie groups N endowed with a pseudo-Riemannian left-invariant metric. We consider this property with respect to different groups acting by isometries. When N acts on itself by left-translations we show that it is a geodesic orbit space if and only if the metric is bi-invariant. Assuming N is 2-step nilpotent and with non-degenerate center we give algebraic conditions on the Lie algebra n of N which imply that every geodesic is the orbit of a one-parameter subgroup of N.Auto(N). In addition we present an example of an almost g.o. space such that for null homogeneous geodesics, the natural parameter of the orbit is not always the affine parameter of the geodesic.
Periodic solutions of nonautonomous second-order differential equations with a p-Laplacian
Authors: Lian Hairong , Wang Dongli , O’Regan Donal , Agarwal Ravi P.
Published: April 2016

In this paper, we study a periodic boundary value problem for a nonautonomous second-order differential equation with a p-Laplacian. Using the dual least-action principle and a perturbation technique, we obtain existence results under a sub-pth-polynomial condition. A generalized Wirtinger’s inequality is employed to extend some recent results.
Angular and spatial color mixing using mixing rods with the geometry of a chaotic-dispersive billiard system
Authors: Bonenberger Theresa S. , Baumgart Jörg , Neumann Cornelius
Published: April 2016

For mixing light from different colored LEDs, an optical color mixing system is required to avoid colored shadows and color fringes. Concerning the different color mixing systems, mixing rods are widespread as they provide very good spatial color mixing with high efficiency. The essential disadvantage of mixing rods, so far, is the lack of angular color mixing. The solution presented in this publication is the application of a chaotic-dispersive billiard’s geometry on the cross section of the mixing rod. To show both the spatial and the angular mixing properties of a square and a chaotic-dispersive mixing rod, simulations generated by the raytracing software ASAP are provided. All results are validated with prototype measurements.
Free-form illumination optics
Authors: Mohedano Rubén , Chaves Julio , Hernández Maikel
Published: April 2016

In many illumination problems, the beam pattern needed and/or some geometrical constraints lead to very asymmetric design conditions. These asymmetries have been solved in the past by means of arrangements of rotationally symmetric or linear lamps aimed in different directions whose patterns overlap to provide the asymmetric prescriptions or by splitting one single lamp into several sections, each one providing a part of the pattern. The development of new design methods yielding smooth continuous free-form optical surfaces to solve these challenging design problems, combined with the proper CAD modeling tools plus the development of multiple axes diamond turn machines, give birth to a new generation of optics. These are able to offer the performance and other advanced features, such as efficiency, compactness, or aesthetical advantages, and can be manufactured at low cost by injection molding. This paper presents two examples of devices with free-form optical surfaces, a camera flash, and a car headlamp.
Rational Laziness - When Time Is Limited, Supply Abundant, and Decisions Have to Be Made
Authors: Birkelund Gunn Elisabeth
Published: April 2016

This paper expands the model of rational action by introducing a new concept. rational laziness, to better understand actors’ decision making. In addition to rational information processing, human beings often rely on automatic and lion-cognitive mental capacities, and I use the term mental laziness to account for information processing based on these capacities. When time is limited, supply abundant, and decisions have to be made, mental laziness might be a rational decision device. Actors’ choice of rational-calculating or automatic-spontaneous mental decision devices is contingent on their locations within an opportunity structure. The empirical case studied is employers’ hiring processes, and employers’ activation of these action generating mechanisms are expected to cause discrimination of job applicants categorized as out-groups members.
Holomorphic Cartan geometries and rational
curves
Authors: Biswas Indranil , McKay Benjamin
Published: April 2016

We prove that any compact Kähler manifold bearing a holomorphic Cartan geometry contains a
rational curve just when the Cartan geometry is inherited from a holomorphic Cartan geometry on a lower dimensional
compact Kähler manifold. This shows that many complex manifolds admit no or few holomorphic
Cartan geometries.
A soft Oka principle for proper holomorphic embeddings of open Riemann surfaces into (ℂ*)2
Authors: Ritter Tyson
Published: April 2016

Let X be an open Riemann surface. We prove an Oka property on the approximation and interpolation of continuous maps X

→

\to

(

ℂ
*

)

2

(\mathbb{C}^{*})^{2}

by proper holomorphic embeddings, provided that we permit a smooth deformation of the complex structure on X outside a certain set. This generalises and strengthens a recent result of Alarcón and López. We also give a Forstnerič–Wold theorem for proper holomorphic embeddings (with respect to the given complex structure) of certain open Riemann surfaces into

(

ℂ
*

)

2

{(\mathbb{C}^{*})^{2}}

.
Relationship between HOMA-IR and serum vitamin D in Chinese children and adolescents
Authors: Wang Lingli , Wang Huiyan , Wen Huaikai , Tao Hongqun , Zhao Xiaowei
Published: April 2016

The objective of this study was to examine the cross-sectional relationship between homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) level in Chinese children and adolescents.

Anthropometric indices, lipid metabolic profile, and serum levels of glucose, insulin and 25-OHD were determined among 278 healthy prepubertal and pubertal, normal and overweight/obese children and adolescents aged 8–18 years between March 2014 and February 2015.

HOMA-IR was significantly different across vitamin D statuses (p<0.001), even after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) (p=0.035) and waist-to-height ratio (p=0.044); the difference was not significant between the vitamin D deficient and insufficient groups (p=0.120). HOMA-IR negatively correlated with serum 25-OHD level for all subjects (R

Our findings supported that lower vitamin D status is strongly associated with worse HOMA-IR.
Propionic acidemia: a Turkish case report of a successful pregnancy, labor and lactation
Authors: Mungan Neslihan Önenli , Kör Deniz , Büyükkurt Selim , Atmış Anıl , Güleç Ümran , Satar Mehmet
Published: April 2016

Although propionic acidemia (PA) is a devastating inherited metabolic disease, with early diagnosis and advanced treatment strategies prognosis gets better and girls can survive to child-bearing ages. We share the detailed follow-up data of the pregnancy, successful labor with cesarean section and a healthy baby of a Turkish patient with PA.
Respiratory morbidity in twins by birth order, gestational age and mode of delivery
Authors: Bricelj Katja , Tul Natasa , Lasic Mateja , Bregar Andreja Trojner , Verdenik Ivan , Lucovnik Miha , Blickstein Isaac
Published: April 2016

Objective:

To evaluate the relationship between respiratory morbidity in twins by gestational age, birth order and mode of delivery.

Methods:

All twin deliveries at <37 weeks, registered in a national database, in the period 2003–2012 were classified into four gestational age groups: 33–36, 30–32, 28–29, and <28 weeks. Outcome variables included transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and need for assisted ventilation.

Results:

A total of 1836 twins were born vaginally, and 2142 twins were born by cesarean delivery, for a grand total of 3978 twins. TTN did not appear to be related to birth order and to the mode of delivery. In contrast, RDS was more frequent among the second born twins in the vaginal birth groups born at 30–36 weeks [odds ratio (OR) 2.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–5.1 and OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2–3.5 for 33–36 weeks and 30–32 weeks, respectively], whereas this trend was seen in the cesarean birth groups born earlier (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.1–13.0 for 28–29 weeks). Cesarean delivery significantly increased the frequency of RDS in twin A as well as in twin B compared with vaginal birth, but only at gestational ages <30 weeks.

Conclusion:

Mode of delivery and birth order have a gestational age dependent effect on the incidence of RDS.
Reference values for Lactate Pro 2™ in fetal blood sampling during labor: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Birgisdottir Brynhildur Tinna , Holzmann Malin , Varli Ingela Hulthén , Graner Sofie , Saltvedt Sissel , Nordström Lennart
Published: April 2016

Objective:

Lactate Pro

Study design:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at a university hospital in Sweden. A total of 113 laboring women with fetal heart rate abnormalities on cardiotocography (CTG) had FBS carried out. Lactate concentration was measured bedside with both LP1 and LP2 from the same blood sample capillary. A linear regression model was constructed to retrieve a conversion equation to convert LP2 values to LP1 values.

Results:

LP2 measured higher values than LP1 in all analyses. We found that 4.2 mmol/L with LP1 corresponded to 6.4 mmol/L with LP2. Likewise, 4.8 mmol/L with LP1 corresponded to 7.3 mmol/L with LP2. The correlation between the analyses was excellent (Spearman’s rank correlation, r=0.97).

Conclusion:

We recommend the following guidelines when interpreting lactate concentration in FBS with LP2: <6.4 mmol/L to be interpreted as normal, 6.4–7.3 mmol/L as preacidemia indicating a follow-up FBS within 20–30 min, and >7.3 mmol/L as acidemia indicating intervention.
Crystal structure of 2-amino-7,7-dimethyl-5-oxo-4-(3-phenoxy-phenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile
Authors: Li Jing , Sui Feng
Published: April 2016

C24H22N2O3, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 30.130(8) Å, b = 8.825(2) Å, c = 16.021(4) Å, β = 103.293(4)°, V = 4145.8(18) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt
(F) = 0.0445, wR
ref
(F2) = 0.1258, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of N-(5-bromo-4-(p-tolyl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-chlorobutanamide, C14H14BrClN2OS
Authors: Ghabbour Hazem A. , Al-Omar Mohamed A.
Published: April 2016

C14H14BrClN2OS, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.8377(5) Å, b = 9.6008(5) Å, c = 17.5784(11) Å, β = 113.107(4)°, V = 1527.08(15) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0665, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1597, T = 293 K.
Changes in H-reflex amplitude to muscle stretch and lengthening in humans
Authors: Budini Francesco , Tilp Markus
Published: April 2016

Spinal reflex excitability is traditionally assessed to investigate neural adjustments that occur during human movement. Different experimental procedures are known to condition spinal reflex excitability. Among these, lengthening movements and static stretching the human triceps have been investigated over the last 50 years. The purpose of this review is to shed light on several apparent incongruities in terms of magnitude and duration of the reported results. In the present review dissimilarities in neuro-spinal changes are examined in relation to the methodologies applied to condition and measure them. Literature that investigated three different conditioning procedures was reviewed: passive dorsiflexion, active dorsiflexion through antagonists shortening and eccentric plantar-flexors contractions. Measurements were obtained before, during and after lengthening or stretching. Stimulation intensities and time delays between conditioning procedures and stimuli varied considerably. H-reflex decreases immediately as static stretching is applied and in proportion to the stretch degree. During dorsiflexions the inhibition is stronger with greater dorsiflexion angular velocity and at lower nerve stimulation intensities, while it is weaker if any concomitant muscle contraction is performed. Within 2 s after a single passive dorsiflexion movement, H-reflex is strongly inhibited, and this effect disappears within 15 s. Dorsiflexions repeated over 1 h and prolonged static stretching training induce long-lasting inhibition. This review highlights that the apparent disagreement between studies is ascribable to small methodological differences. Lengthening movements and stretching can strongly influence spinal neural pathways. Results interpretation, however, needs careful consideration of the methodology applied.
The mechanical behaviour of adhesively bonded composite joints under repeated axial impacts at different temperatures
Authors: Kemiklioglu Ugur , Sayman Onur , Soykok Ibrahim F. , Akderya Tarkan , Dere Resit
Published: April 2016

In this study, the failure strength of single-lap adhesively bonded joints was investigated. The glass fibre epoxy composites used as adherends were manufactured by using a vacuum-assisted resin infusion method. These composites were bonded with a commercial material of epoxy-adhesive DP-460, which can be cured easily at room temperature. The specimens were built by bonding, and then repeated axial impact loads having various energy levels (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 J) were implemented to the single-lap adhesively bonded composite joints at different temperatures (-20°C, 0°C, 20°C, 40°C, and 60°C). Subsequently, the specimens were exposed to static tensile loading at the same temperatures as those applied during the primary impacts. The variation in failure loads due to the effects of repeated axial impact loadings at different temperatures were investigated. Generally, the increase of impact energy level from 0 to 20 J leads to a gradual decrease in failure loads at all temperature levels except for the specific value of 40°C.
Entrapment and Terrorism on the Left
Authors: Norris Jesse J.
Published: April 2016

Previous literature has analyzed entrapment in post-9/11 jihadi terrorism cases, but has neglected similarly compelling entrapment claims among left-wing terrorism defendants. The Article bridges this gap through an in-depth analysis of the four post-9/11 left-wing terrorism cases involving an informant or undercover agent. Based on a review of these cases, the Article concludes that at least three of the four cases had strong entrapment claims, and that realistically, none of the defendants in the four cases would have committed any terrorist offense without government prompting.

A comparative analysis of different types of domestic terrorism finds broad similarities in the characteristics of entrapment claims in jihadi, left-wing, and right-wing terrorism cases. However, jihadi entrapment cases are far more numerous, left-wing and jihadi entrapment claims are considerably stronger and more prevalent than right-wing claims, and left-wing terrorism cases feature certain informant tactics rarely if ever found in other cases. The Article situates the left-wing entrapment claims in the context of wider government attempts to target left-wing activists, and provides an initial analysis of the main factors leading to questionable sting operations in left-wing terrorism cases.
Childhood Sexual Violence Against Boys: A Study in 3 Countries
Authors: Sumner Steven A. , Mercy James A. , Buluma Robert , Mwangi Mary W. , Marcelin Louis H. , Kheam They , Lea Veronica , Brookmeyer Kathryn , Kress Howard , Hillis Susan D.
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Globally, little evidence exists on sexual violence against boys. We sought to produce the first internationally comparable estimates of the magnitude, characteristics, risk factors, and consequences of sexual violence against boys in 3 diverse countries.

METHODS:

We conducted nationally representative, multistage cluster Violence Against Children Surveys in Haiti, Kenya, and Cambodia among males aged 13 to 24 years. Differences between countries for boys experiencing sexual violence (including sexual touching, attempted sex, and forced/coerced sex) before age 18 years were examined by using χ2 and logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS:

In Haiti, Kenya, and Cambodia, respectively, 1459, 1456, and 1255 males completed surveys. The prevalence of experiencing any form of sexual violence ranged from 23.1% (95% confidence Interval [CI]: 20.0–26.2) in Haiti to 14.8% (95% CI: 12.0–17.7) in Kenya, and 5.6% (95% CI: 4.0–7.2) in Cambodia. The largest share of perpetrators in Haiti, Kenya, and Cambodia, respectively, were friends/neighbors (64.7%), romantic partners (37.2%), and relatives (37.0%). Most episodes occurred inside perpetrators’ or victims’ homes in Haiti (60.4%), contrasted with outside the home in Kenya (65.3%) and Cambodia (52.1%). The most common time period for violence in Haiti, Kenya, and Cambodia was the afternoon (55.0%), evening (41.3%), and morning (38.2%), respectively. Adverse health effects associated with violence were common, including increased odds of transactional sex, alcohol abuse, sexually transmitted infections, anxiety/depression, suicidal ideation/attempts, and violent gender attitudes.

CONCLUSIONS:

Differences were noted between countries in the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of sexual violence, yet associations with adverse health effects were pervasive. Prevention strategies tailored to individual locales are needed.
The production, molecular weight and viscosifying power of alginate produced by Azotobacter vinelandii is affected by the carbon source in submerged cultures
Authors: Trujillo-Roldán Mauricio A. , Monsalve-Gil John Fredy , Cuesta-Álvarez Angélica Maria , Valdez-Cruz Norma A.
Published: April 2016

Alginate is a linear polymer composed of b-1,4 linked mannuronic acid and its epimer, a-L-guluronic acid, and frequently extracted from marine algae, as from bacteria such as Azotobacter and Pseudomonas. Here, we show the impact of conventional and unconventional carbon sources on A. vinelandii growth, alginate production, its mean molecular weight (MMW) and its viscosifying power. Starting with 20 g/L of sugars, the highest biomass concentration was obtained using deproteinized and hydrolyzed whey (6.67±0.72 g/L), and sugarcane juice (6.68±0.45 g/L). However, the maximum alginate production was achieved using sucrose (5.11±0.37 g/L), as well the highest alginate yield and specific productivity. Otherwise, the higher alginate MMW was obtained using sugarcane juice (1203±120 kDa), and the higher viscosifying power was obtained using deproteinized/ hydrolyzed whey (23.8±2.6 cps L/galg). This information suggests that it is possible to manipulate the productivity and molecular characteristics of alginates, as a function of the carbon source used. All this, together with the knowledge of the effects of environmental conditions will allow for high yields of high added value biopolymers.