bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Gamer’s Mark on the wrists of dental students in Mumbai: A multicentric study
Authors: Sachdev Sanpreet Singh , Kambli Shreedaay Amey , Gill Jaskirat Singh , Kohli Sonali , Banga Kulvinder Singh , Sachdev Jyotsna Batra
Published: November 2024

Repeated friction between the wrist and the mouse pad leads to the development of a lesion on the wrist of the operator known as the ‘Gamer’s mark’. In the context of the rapid development of digital technology and increased dependence of dental students and professionals on the same, the present study aimed to analyze the prevalence of Gamer’s mark among dental students in the city of Mumbai.

The present cross-sectional study was on 1412 dental students in four different institutions in Mumbai using a five-point questionnaire comprising questions relevant to the characteristics of gaming history and the presence of the lesion on the wrist. The responses were recorded in an Excel sheet and subjected to data analysis.

The prevalence of the lesion across the full cohort was found to be 0.5%. Of the 103 participants reporting a history of gaming, 66.99% (n=69) had the lesion on either of their hands which comprised 50 males and 19 females. There was a statistically significant difference noted (p<0.05) wherein a higher number of males (p=0.02) as well as females (p=0.04) had the lesion as compared to those that did not (p<0.05)

The correlation between the duration of the Gamer’s Mark lesion and the intensity of gaming underscores the need for awareness and preventive strategies in the dental community. As dentistry continues to embrace digitalization, it is imperative to address the potential health implications associated with prolonged computer usage.
Chromosomal aneuploidies: A tertiary care center study
Authors: Sinha Manisha B , Padhi Phalguni , Agrawal Sarita , Sahu Neha
Published: November 2024

Among the chromosomal aneuploidies Down syndrome is the most common type. This study was conducted to detect the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in the paediatric patients in one year duration at a tertiary care centre.

In cytogenetic lab, clinically suspected cases were referred from different department like pediatrics, neonataology, obstetrics and gynecology for Karyotyping test for the confirmation of aneuploidies. They were sampled for Karyotyping.

Incidence of aneuploidies among live-births in a year (April 2023-March2024) was 4.68/1000. Down syndrome with trisomy+21 was found in all individual (100%) of 12 cases. Among cardiac disorder, ASD, VSD and VSD+ ASD were (complex cardiac defect) account for 33.33%. Other common clinical features were also seen like slanting eyes, sandal gap, mangloid facials, single simian crease, low set ears, depressed nasal bridge, and protruding tongue

In this study prevalence of DS in Chhattisgarh were 4.68/1000. Most of the cases of the study were born from mother of younger age (19-27yrs). For early diagnosis clinician should counsel the younger pregnant women for such aneuploidies so that they can take appropriate measures.
The role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in determining the severity of pre-eclampsia in antenatal women: A case control study
Authors: Nagesh Madhurya , Aashritha Thonangi , Raju Kalyani
Published: November 2024

Pre-eclampsia (PE) remains a significant global health concern, affecting 2-8% of pregnancies and contributing to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Characterized by hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation, PE often involves systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Its exact etiology is multifactorial, involving immune dysregulation and vascular abnormalities. Early identification of high-risk pregnant women is crucial to mitigate adverse outcomes. In India, PE affects 8-10% of pregnancies.

Inflammatory markers such as the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) have emerged as potential indicators of systemic inflammation. Elevated NLR and PLR levels in PE suggest a role in the disorder's pathophysiology, reflecting immune responses to placental ischemia and pro-inflammatory cytokine release.

This study aims to compare NLR and PLR levels between PE patients and normotensive pregnant women, evaluate their association with PE severity, and discuss their potential as predictive biomarkers.

A case-control study was conducted with 84 participants, following eligibility criteria via convenient sampling. Demographic characteristics, obstetric history, and CBC-derived biomarkers were assessed.

Among 84 pregnant women, 42 had preeclampsia (PE) and 42 were normotensive. The PE group had significantly higher Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratios (5.11 ± 2.88 vs. 2.74 ± 0.78) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios (108 ± 46.7 vs. 85.4 ± 29.4) compared to controls. PE incidence peaked between 34-38 weeks. Higher PLR and NLR values were linked to severe PE. ANC booking was lower in the PE group. Obesity trends were not statistically significant.Significant associations were found between elevated NLR and PLR and PE severity, highlighting their potential clinical utility.

Our findings indicate NLR and PLR as valuable biomarkers for predicting and managing PE. Integration of these markers into routine prenatal care could enhance clinical management and improve maternal and fetal outcomes.
Mother-baby sleeping patterns and its association with malocclusion among children: An analytical cross-sectional study
Authors: Nainan Oommen
Published: November 2024

: Scientific literature is limited about the different mother-baby sleeping patterns in India and its possible association with the development of malocclusion. The prevalent mother-baby sleeping patterns were assessed in a cosmopolitan city of India with an aim to study if any type of sleeping pattern predisposes to the development of malocclusion.

: 2150 children aged 2-6 years were included in this study. A questionnaire to determine type of sleeping pattern, duration of breastfeeding and presence of sucking habits was completed by the parents. The children then underwent a dental examination to evaluate presence of malocclusion which was recorded utilising the Baby‑Risk of Malocclusion Assessment (ROMA) Index.

: Three different types of sleeping patterns were observed. The risk of developing malocclusion was found to be low when the baby and the mother shared the same bed for atleast 18 months from birth of the infant. When the duration of child and mother sharing the same bed reduced below 18 months, the child was found to have an increased incidence of non -nutritive sucking habits, had higher Baby ROMA scores and showed presence of at least one type of malocclusion.

: Children co-sleeping with their mothers in the same bed for more than 18 months are observed to have fewer negative sucking habits, and a decreased incidence of malocclusion when compared to children who slept alone in a different room.
Semi-supervised Segmentation of Medical Images
Authors: Chumachenko Olena , Riazanovskiy Kirill
Published: November 2024

This article is devoted to the development of a method (algorithm) of medical image segmentation based on semi-supervised learning. Semi-supervised learning methods are shown to have significant potential for improving medical image segmentation through effective use of unlabeled data. However, challenges remain in adapting these methods to the specific characteristics of medical images, such as high variability, class imbalance, and the presence of noise and artifacts. To overcome these difficulties, it is proposed to integrate several approaches (consistency regularization, pseudo-labeling, average teacher model) into a single structure. To increase the robustness and generalizability of the model for different imaging methods, we include industry-specific data supplements tailored to the unique characteristics and challenges of each method. Large-scale experiments on magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and optical coherence tomography datasets demonstrate that the proposed framework significantly outperforms fully supervised and individual semisupervised learning methods, especially in scenarios with low data labeling.
Small-scale Bio Gas Combined Heat and Power Plant with Biochar Catalyst
Authors: Vasylenko Mykola , Baranova Olha
Published: November 2024

Alternative energy sources allows to replace traditional fossil fuels and firewood. However the most widely used wind and solar power plants can not provide constant power generation due to multiple factors that makes necessary to develop new types of power sources and to to improve efficiency of already existing ones. One of such energy sources are bio gas-fueled power plants which allow to combine the power generation and organic waste disposal functions. Efficiency and quality of bio gas production in such facilities can be significantly increased by using different catalysts such as biochar. A brief analysis of biochar production usage perspectives was held which showed that it can be used in different applications and can significantly increase efficiency of different technological processes. The influence of biochar on the biogas production processes was studied. The structure of bio gas-fueled heat and power plant with local bio gas generation was proposed.
Soil Parameters Monitoring System
Authors: Vasylenko Mykola
Published: November 2024

Soil parameters monitoring is vital for different areas such as climatological and ecological studies, agriculture, etc. Large scale measurement systems are based on satellite technologies however their spatial and temporal resolutions still must be improved for real-time measurement tasks and control of local areas. Such systems also require in-situ measurements for calibration. It rises the need of local sensor networks development. The paper proposes a soil monitoring system which allows measuring temperature and humidity. Wireless communication between sensors and data collection unit allows to form sensor array at required area without additional cables. Usage of thermal noise method allows to perform measurement of both parameters with a single sensor which allows to avoid soil moisture content changes due to absence of local soil heating which could be caused by probing currents in other methods. Proposed method also allows to increase measurement accuracy.
An Intelligent Mobile Search System
Authors: Sineglazov Victor , Koval Maxim
Published: November 2024

This article is devoted to the development of an intelligent mobile system used for humanitarian demining. At the same time, the problems of detection, localization and storage of the obtained data are solved. The system operation is based on the use of a synthetic aperture ground penetrating radar, which makes it possible to detect mines both on the earth's surface and underground. A quadcopter is used as a carrier. A set of technical means has been developed. The central and graphic processors are used as a processing unit. Intelligent elements for processing the obtained data are convolutional neural networks, for machine learning of which a synthetic dataset was used. The data is organized into S3 segments based on various parameters, such as date, location and sensor type. This organization facilitates data retrieval and management. Data is encrypted both during transmission and at rest using AWS Key Management Service to ensure confidentiality.
Algorithm for Precise Payload Drop From FPV Drone with Account of Wind Strength and Automatic Position Correction
Authors: Sineglazov Victor , Taranov Denis , Yudenko Igor
Published: November 2024

The work is devoted to the development of an automatic system for dropping cargo from an first-person view drone. An analysis of approaches to the construction of this type of system was performed. It is proven that this problem has not been fully solved, which requires the development of new approaches. In order to increase accuracy, it is proposed to use mathematical models that describe the process of cargo unloading. Mathematical models are given that connect such variables as Height, wind speed, drone speed, cargo weight, cargo surface area, wind direction angle relative to the drone, air density. The use of the obtained mathematical models allows you to calculate the coordinates of the reset point. The developed approach was tested in real conditions. The obtained results showed a significant improvement in the accuracy of dropping the load in the presence of a constantly acting wind.
An Indictment of US Public Health Policy on Pain Management
Authors: Richard A. PhD Lawhern
Published: November 2024

This paper reviews and assesses published clinical and demographic data that in the aggregate reveal that the entirety of present US public health policy on regulation of opioid pain relievers is fundamentally misdirected and wrong on both facts and ethics. 
Methodology:  critical review of clinical literature of addiction and pain management.
НАПРЯМИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ОБРОБЛЮВАНОСТІ ВИСОКОМІЦНОГО ЧАВУНУ
Authors: Lalazarova Nataliia , Komarova Hanna , Afanasieva Оlga , Popova Olena
Published: November 2024

Промисловість потребує високоміцних чавунів із високим рівнем експлуатаційних властивостей. Проблема полягає в тому, що такі чавуни мають невисокий рівень оброблюваності різанням. Метою є розроблення комплексу методів покращення оброблюваності високоміцного чавуну, які стосуються властивостей оброблюваного матеріалу, інструменту і характеру їхньої взаємодії. Для дослідження структури використовували оптичний цифровий мікроскоп, зносу інструменту – інструментальний мікроскоп. Тангенціальну складову сили різання та її коливання досліджували за допомогою спеціального динамометра. У роботі наведені результати досліджень із таких напрямів покращення оброблюваності: термічна обробка чавуну, обробно-зміцнююча обробка твердосплавного інструменту, обробка з використанням полімервмісної змащувальноохолоджуючої рідини. На оброблюваність значний вплив має хімічна і структурна неоднорідність чавуну, пов’язана з ліквацією хімічних елементів. У роботі неоднорідність високоміцного чавуну визначають за коливаннями динамічної складової сили різання, а відносну оброблюваність – відносно неоднорідності сірого чавуну, який прийнято як еталон. За оптимальний режим термічної обробки запропоновано нормалізацію з міжкритичного інтервалу, яка зменшує неоднорідність чавуну та одночасно забезпечує достатньо високий рівень експлуатаційних властивостей за перерізом деталі і є найбільш економічною. Неоднорідність чавуну сприяє інтенсифікації зносу інструменту. Проведення нормалізації дає змогу підвищити швидкість різання при точінні гексанітом-Р в 1,2 раза. Наприклад, комплексний підхід до покращення оброблюваності (використання обробно-зміцнюючої дробоструминної обробки твердосплавного інструменту і полімервмісної ЗОР) дає змогу підвищити швидкість різання при точінні високоміцного нормалізованого чавуну відносно литого стану з V60 = 2,5 м/с до V60 = 4,5 м/с.
Semiotic Analysis Of Film Paskal According To The Islamic Principles Of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas' Thinking And Its Impact On Linguistic Content/ التحليل السيميائي لفلم باسكال في ضوء أصول الفكر الإسلامي لسيد محمد نقيب العطاس أثرها في المحتوى اللغوي
Authors: H. Osman Rahmah Ahmad , Alosman Abdulrahman , Che Amran Aisyah Aminah , Idris Isyah Radhiah
Published: November 2024

Films have a significant impact on the Muslim community in Malaysia due to their content; watching the film affects them with an understanding of Islam or otherwise based on its content, and watching the film also assists Arabic language students in learning language studies from the film, such as analyzing the linguistic knowledge found in the film. This study sought to uncover Said Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas' core notions about the nature of knowledge from an Islamic perspective by applying them to the film Paskal and showing the Islamization of the Malay language used in the film. The current study depended on the descriptive analytical technique, where the semiotic tool was employed when studying the film's content to obtain deeper Islamic notions from the perspective of Al-Attas. The most significant finding from this study's conclusion is that the Malay film contains numerous scenarios that illustrate the seven Islamic ideals from Sayd Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas's perspective: religion, humanity, science and knowledge, wisdom, justice, literature, college and university. In addition, the term Islamization of the Malay language refers to using Islamic Arabic terminology in Malay. In this film, loanwords in Arabic are used often, totaling 28 words, and two Malay terms that convey Islamic connotations.
La educación secundaria para jóvenes y adultos en Argentina, Corea del Sur y Estados Unidos
Authors: Olivares Julián
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la evolución reciente de la educación secundaria para jóvenes y adultos en Argentina, Corea del Sur y Estados Unidos. Aunque distintas investigaciones señalan que en el territorio argentino esta modalidad educativa ha tenido un gran crecimiento y ha alcanzado una notable relevancia dentro de su sistema educativo, no queda claro si esto es algo común a escala internacional. Considerando este problema a resolver, desde un enfoque cuantitativo, se recurre a diversas fuentes de organismos internacionales y entidades nacionales de los tres países seleccionados, para ver cómo han evolucionado estas ofertas escolares en cada país y la importancia que han tenido al interior de sus fronteras. En ese sentido, los resultados de la investigación muestran que, a diferencia de lo que pasa en Argentina, en Corea del Sur y Estados Unidos la secundaria para jóvenes y adultos no ha tendido a expandirse ni a ocupar un lugar tan relevante dentro de sus sistemas educativos nacionales. Por el contrario, se concluye que luego de un crecimiento inicial, a lo largo de las últimas décadas tanto en el país asiático como en el norteamericano estas propuestas escolares han tendido a contraerse y a tener una posición relativamente marginal.
EXPLORING THE ENGLISH VOCABULARY, INCLUDING NEOLOGISMS, WITH RESOURCES OF AI CHATBOTS USED AS MULTITALENTED SUPERDICTIONARIES
Authors: Prćić Tvrtko
Published: November 2024

This paper deals with theoretical and, especially, practical aspects of exploring the English vocabulary, including neologisms, with the aid of resources made available by AI chatbots, viewed and used as multitalented superdictionaries. The exposition is divided into four parts, thus: Section 1 offers some general, scene-setting remarks; Section 2 brings a discussion of the whys, whats and hows of exploring properties of, and relations between, individual English words by exploiting AI chatbots; Section 3 brings a discussion of the theory and practice of exploring English neologisms by exploiting AI chatbots; and Section 4 provides an overview of the applied aspects of other important areas of exploration of the English vocabulary, including neologisms, with AI chatbots.
O programa Paraná Mais Orgânico e os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável da Agenda 2030: experiências de agricultores familiares para a certificação orgânica
Authors: Bozzo Ferrareze Rafael , Souza Lima Romilda
Published: November 2024

Este artigo é fruto de pesquisas, de campo e bibliográfico-documentais, as quais permitiram observar as conexões estabelecidas entre o programa Paraná Mais Orgânico (PMO) e os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). Para melhor compreender as informações adquiridas, a base teórica escolhida foi a Teoria da Ação Dialógica de Paulo Freire, e o método utilizado foi a pesquisa qualitativa de cunho exploratório, sendo as entrevistas de campo gravadas. Para analisar o material coletado em campo, foi utilizada a técnica de análise das narrativas. A pesquisa contou com a participação dos agricultores familiares atendidos pelo PMO/CPRA, no período de 2021 a 2022. Ademais, quanto às conexões estabelecidas entre PMO e ODS, notou-se semelhanças no que concerne às atividades em campo e à disseminação dos princípios estabelecidos pelo PMO (também transcritos nos ODS), através de diálogos entre técnicos do PMO/CPRA e agricultores. A comunicação entre esses atores pode ser considerada um fator de extrema importância nos processos de troca de experiências e de apreensão de novos conhecimentos. Quanto à certificação orgânica neste processo de conexão entre PMO e ODS, percebe-se ser esta a consequência das corretas adaptações solicitadas pelo PMO aos agricultores familiares, propiciando, como consequência, a obtenção do selo, o que é um fator muito positivo para os agricultores envolvidos.
Microplastics Contamination of Mackerel and Red Snapper as Commercial Fish from the Takalar Fish Landing, Indonesia
Authors: Sita  , Ilham  , Yaqin Khusnul , Ambeng
Published: November 2024

Highlight Research
1. Microplastics were counted and identified based on their shape, size, and color
2. The particles were clarified using FTIR and confirmed to be microplastics based on the type of polymer.
3. The tissue destruction method is more effective with heating treatment.
4. Methods to prevent contamination are implemented so that the research results are guaranteed to be accurate.
Abstract
Microplastics can be ingested by marine organisms, including fish. Although it has been widely reported, further information regarding microplastic contamination in commercial fish is still needed. This study aimed to analyze the presence and concentration of microplastics in the digestive tract of the mackerel R. kanaguarta and red snapper L. gibbus and to identify the shape, size, color, and type of microplastic polymer. Digestion of the organic materials was performed using a 10% KOH solution, which was then filtered using a vacuum filtration system. The particles were observed using an Olympus microscope and clarified using FTIR. The results of the research showed that R. kanaguarta and L. gibbus landed at the Beba Fish Landing Base (PPI Beba) Takalar were contaminated with microplastics with a microplastic concentration in R. kanaguarta 0.21 ± 0.06 particles/g and L. gibbus 0.11 ± 0.04 particles/g. The microplastics found were fiber and fragment of varying colors, such as black, white, red, and yellow. The size of microplastics was dominant in the size class < 2 mm. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of polypropylene (PP), Ethylene/Propylene Copolymer, Nylon, Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyester (PES). This study showed that both commercial fish species were contaminated with microplastics. These findings suggest that microplastics are widespread and contaminate commercial fish caught from Takalar waters. Further research is still needed on other seafood from this region, and analysis of polymer types such as FTIR is important to carry out as one of the standard methods in microplastic research.
Evaluation of Mangrove Ecosystem Quality in Bawean Island, East Java Using Phytoplankton as Bioindicators
Authors: Salsabila Qathrunnada , Retnaningdyah Catur , Hakim Luchman
Published: November 2024

Graphical Abstract

Highlight Research
Highlights from this results research:

Restoration is a method to restore degraded mangrove ecosystems
The success of restoration is measured by improvements in ecosystem services such as water quality, mangrove diversity, phytoplankton community structure and diversity
Phytoplankton as bioindicator of water quality
Anthropogenic activities are the main factor causing degradation of mangrove ecosystems

Abstract
The mangrove ecosystems in Bawean Island are degraded due to anthropogenic activities and land conversion. Plantation has carried out periodic which was continued in several mangrove ecosystems. This study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical water quality of several mangrove ecosystems in Bawean Island, and phytoplankton as bioindicators. The evaluation of mangroves in Bawean Island was carried out at 11 locations based on different naturalness and human activities surrounding. The physical and chemical parameters of water observed were air temperature, water temperature, pH, TSS, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), salinity, conductivity, nitrate, and orthophosphate. Community structure and plankton diversity measured include the Importance Value Index (IVI), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), Simpson dominance index (Id), evenness index (E), trophic diatom index (TDI), and pollution tolerant value (% PTV). The physical parameters of water chemistry show that it meets the quality standards based on Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021 except for nitrate and orthophosphate, but it is still under plankton tolerant. A total of 63 species from 7 phytoplankton classes were found based on the importance value index. Based on the TDI index, mangrove ecosystems Sawahmulya, Sidogedungbatu, Hijau Daun, Pamona, Pasir Putih, Sungai Rujing, Bangsal, Jherat Lanjheng, and Lebak were classified as eutrophic while Pulau Cina and Dekatagung were hyper-eutrophic. Based on %PTV, the Hijau Daun mangrove is the best mangrove ecosystem while other mangroves were classified as moderate and heavily level polluted.
Study on Spatio-temporal Distribution of Chlorophyll-a on Pelagic Catch Productivity in Muara Bendera, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Heri , Manessa Masita Dwi Mandini , Supriatna
Published: November 2024

Graphical Abstract

Highlight Research

The trend of chlorophyll-a in the pelagic fish catchment area of the Muara Bendera has increased.
Trend of chlorophyll-a values around the waters of the Citarum and Cisadane River Estuaries increased.
Chlorophyll-a and pelagic CPUE have a negative relationship.
The waters around the mouth of the Citarum River are mesotrophic - eutrophic waters

Abstract
Chlorophyll-a has been considered an indicator of pelagic fish abundance in waters. Although a high nutrient load causes eutrophication, leading to fish mortality, global-scale climate anomalies will also influence the oceanographic conditions of the seas. This study aimed to investigate spatial patterns and trends of chlorophyll-a, the relationship between chlorophyll-a and pelagic fish catch productivity, and the effect of ENSO and IOD on pelagic fish catch productivity. The chlorophyll-a data were obtained from the SeaWiFS and Terra-Aqua MODIS time-series datasets of ocean color satellites. The results indicated that Jakarta Bay had the highest chlorophyll-A concentration. The Chlorophyll-A concentrations declined as the distance between the estuary and the coast grew. From 1997 to 2021, the regional pattern of increasing chlorophyll-a concentrations in the Citarum and Cisdane estuaries was continuous. Since 2001, the concentration of chlorophyll-a in Jakarta Bay has declined, whereas it has begun to climb in the seas of the North Seribu Islands. The increasing chlorophyll-A trend in the Seribu Islands is attributed to rising nitrate levels induced by human-driven coral degradation. Between 1997 and 2021, the concentration of chlorophyll-a in the Muara Bendera fishing region grew by +0.013 mg/m3/year, or 1.43 percent each year. The correlation between chlorophyll-a and pelagic fish catch productivity was -0.13. ENSO does not affect the productivity of pelagic catches in this region. However, it was discovered that IOD reduced the productivity of low-category pelagic catches.
The Occurrences of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) Species and Trophic Status Update in Kedung Ombo Reservoir
Authors: Rahman Arif , Haeruddin  , Prakoso Kukuh
Published: November 2024

Graphical Abstract

Highlight Research

Water quality conditions in Kedung Ombo Reservoir.
Phytoplankton species and their abundance in Kedung Ombo.
Potential existence and dominance of HABs species.
The updated trophic status is mapped based on the TSI, Secchi depth, chlorophyll-a, and total phosphorus.

Abstract
Anthropogenic inputs affect the quality of freshwater ecosystems which causes ecological and health problems to aquatic ecosystems. Harmful algal blooms (HABs) associated with cyanotoxins often occur in nutrient-rich or eutrophic freshwater ecosystems. Kedung Ombo Reservoir in Indonesia has been previously classified as eutrophic to hypertrophic. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the occurrences of potential HABs species, measure the bio-physico-chemical water quality parameters, and update the trophic status of Kedung Ombo Reservoir. Sampling was done thrice during the dry season in 2022 from 5 stations. Twenty-two species of phytoplankton were observed in Kedung Ombo Reservoir. Anabaenopsis sp., Aphanizomenon sp., Ceratium sp., Mougeotia sp., Pandorina sp., and Ulothrix sp. were identified as potentially harmful species. Among those, the potentially HABs species, Aphanizomenon sp. was the most abundant (179,344 cells/L) and Cyanophyceae (205,539 cells/L) was the dominant group of phytoplankton. Kedung Ombo Reservoir had a water temperature of 29.49±0.41°C, phosphate of 0.27±0.25 mg/L, and alkaline pH of 7.90±0.39. Kedung Ombo Reservoir also had low transparency coupled with low dissolved oxygen concentration. The occurrences of HABs species were correlated with transparency and dissolved inorganic nutrients, especially phosphate concentrations. Kedung Ombo Reservoir showed eutrophic conditions based on Secchi depth, chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus, and TSI. Based on research findings, control and mitigation efforts are needed to overcome the eutrophication problems which disrupt the balance of the aquatic ecosystem in the Kedung Ombo Reservoir.
Chlorophyll-a and Sea Surface Temperature Analysis Based on Shark Fishing Ground Landed at the Fish Landing Base of Ujong Baroh, West Aceh
Authors: Fuadi Afdhal , Rizal Muhammad , Kusumayadi Dimas
Published: November 2024

Graphical Abstract

Highlight Research

The number of shark catches in the eastern season was 618.
Sharks landed at PPI Ujong Baroh in six species (Sphyma lewini, Alopias pelagicus, Carcharhinus falciformis, Loxodon macrorhinus, Carcharhinus sorrah, and Chiloscyllium punctatum).
The distribution of chlorophyll-a parameters in the eastern season ranges from 0.08 to 1.23 mg/m3 with an average value of 0.17 mg/m3.
The distribution of sea surface temperature parameters in the eastern season ranges from 27.65 to 30.29oC with an average value of 28.65o
Based on linear regression analysis, sharks are most highly influenced by chlorophyll-a oceanographic parameters, namely Loxodon macrorhinus by 72.82%, and sharks are highest influenced by sea surface temperatures, namely Alopias pelagicus by 83.12%.

Abstract 
Sharks are top-tier water predators that can maintain marine ecology balance and control the food web. As sharks are at the top of the food chain, their overfishing can disrupt the ecosystem chain. The distribution and abundance of fish in waters can be influenced by several factors of oceanographic parameters, including chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature (SST). The use of satellite imagery for analyzing chlorophyll-a and SST parameters provides significant results in fisheries oceanographic studies. This study aimed to determine the effect of chlorophyll-a and SST parameters on shark catches. The method in this study was divided into 2 stages, namely taking shark fishing area coordinate data and downloading chlorophyll-a as well as SST satellite image data on the NASA Aqua-MODIS website. The results of the of the analysis of chlorophyll-a distribution in the eastern season ranged from 0.08 to 1.23 mg/m3 with an average value of 0.17 mg/m3, where the highest was 1.23 mg/m3 in September and the lowest was 0.08 mg/m3 in August. The SST distribution ranged from 27.65 to 30.29oC with an average of 28.65oC, the highest was 30.29oC in August and the lowest was 27.65oC in September. Based on the results of linear regression analysis, the highest shark catch was influenced by chlorophyll-a, namely Loxodon macrorhinus shark, by 72.82%, the highest shark catch type was influenced by SPL, namely Alopias pelagicus shark, by 83.12%, and the rest was influenced by other parameters.
Effect of Crossbreeding on Fecundity, Growth Performance, and Heterosis of Black Tilapia, Red Tilapia, and Mozambique Tilapia Reared in Earthen Ponds in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Robisalmi Adam , Listiyowati Nunuk , Pamungkas Wahyu , Artati Diah , Mustofa Bisri , Malini Desak Made
Published: November 2024

Graphical Abstract

Highlight Research

The crossbred performance of the four tilapia strains showed diverse heterosis values, with some being better, worse, or the same as their parents.
Crossbred of black tilapia produced the best growth and fecundity performance.
A hybrid of Mozambique tilapia and black tilapia showed the highest mid-parent heterosis value on growth traits but produced negative heterosis on fecundity, biomass, and survival traits.
Crossbred of black tilapia and Mozambique tilapia have the potential to be used as candidates for cultivation and performance improvement through selection, although there are depressions and crossover advantages that are not prominent.

Abstract
Increased tilapia production is challenged by genetic decline. Hybridization efforts for performance improvement through a selection of the best parent and strain pairs were a promising option. The objective of this study was to evaluate the crossing of black tilapia, red tilapia, and Mozambique tilapia against the performance of fecundity, growth, and survival and estimate the value of heterosis. The experimental design used a completely randomized design with 3 replications with the treatment of different populations of crosses. The rearing activities were carried out in earthen ponds for 150 days with a stocking density of 10 fish/m2. The parameters observed included egg fecundity, growth, survival, and the value of heterosis. The results showed that the fecundity and growth values of crossbred black tilapia were significantly higher than others (p<0.05). The highest survival rate was shown by crossing pure strains of red tilapia. The hybrid of Mozambique tilapia and black tilapia (♀ MJ x ♂ NW) showed the highest mid-parent heterosis value on growth characters but produced negative heterosis on characters, fecundity, biomass, and survival. Overall, the crossbred of black tilapia (♀BS x ♂ NW) performed better than the inbred strains, with positive mid-parent heterosis in all characters measured. These results indicate that crossbreeding has the potential to be used as a candidate for cultivation and performance improvement through selection, although there were depressions, and the superiority of the crosses was not prominent.
Organochlorine Exposure Influences the Cellular Morphology of Red Algae Eucheuma denticulatum (N.L. Burman) Collins & Hervey, 1917
Authors: Tumembow Sipriana , Rompas Rizald , Lumenta Cyska , Paulus James , Lasut Markus , Mantiri Desy
Published: November 2024

Higlight Research
The research demonstrates the negative impact of organochlorine content on the morphological structure and biomineral composition of E. denticulatum, highlighting the need for effective measures to prevent and reduce organochlorine pollution in marine environments. Further research could focus on specific mechanisms of organochlorine toxicity and potential remediation strategies.
Abstract
Organochlorine compounds not only pollute marine waters but also interfere with the survival of marine biota. Organochlorine compounds absorbed by organisms disrupt metabolism and inhibit cellular functions. The implication of this research is to prevent and reduce the disposal of organochlorines into the environment because they can accumulate in soil, water, and air, remaining for years in the environment. This accumulation can affect food chains and negatively affect ecosystems and marine animals.This research aimed to investigate the impact of organochlorine content on the surface morphology and biomineral characteristics of the red alga E. denticulatum cells. Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis was used to observe particle morphology surfaces down to 1 nm, while Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) was used to analyze the specimens' element composition and chemical characteristics. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis revealed that red algae had the highest content of Chlorine (Cl) at 57.20%, followed by Sodium (Na) at 34.84%, Oxygen (O) at 5.21%, Calcium (Ca) at 1.64%, and the lowest element being Sulfur (S) at 1.11%. Overall, this research demonstrates the negative impact of organochlorine content on the morphological structure and biomineral composition of E. denticulatum, highlighting the need for effective measures to prevent and reduce organochlorine pollution in marine environments. Further research could focus on specific mechanisms of organochlorine toxicity and potential remediation strategies.
Use of Fruit Waste as Natural Dyes in pH-Sensitive Colorimetric Sensors for Tilapia Fillets Quality Decline
Authors: Audrynachristie Brigitta Stella , Alamsjah Mochammad Amin , Kismiyati
Published: November 2024

Graphical Abstract

Highlight Research
1. The use of dragon fruit peel, mangosteen peel and onion peel waste as natural dyes in colorimetric sensors was analyzed in this study.
2. Natural dyes are added to bioplastics with kappa carrageenan polymer, a mixture of corn starch and kappa carrageenan, and corn starch to determine the characteristics of the best bioplastic to be used as a colorimetry sensor.
3. The quality of the fish fillet compared to the color changes in colorimetry sensor was analysed in this study.
4. Mixture of kappa carrageenan and corn starch as bioplastic with casting method was analyzed in this study.
Abstract
Tilapia fillet aimed to prolonging shelf life, may still experience quality deterioration posing food safety risks.  Colorimetric pH indicators offer a simple and affordable solution to the food industry to evaluating fish spoilage. Natural dyes reduce potential health risks associated with synthetic dyes. Anthocyanin sources haven’t been explored like dragon fruit rind, mangosteen rind, and red onion skin serve as real time quality and safety assessment tools for consumers. This study explores the potential of anthocyanin extracted from dragon fruit rind, mangosteen rind, and red onion skin as colorimetric sensors for evaluating the quality and safety of tilapia fillets. The anthocyanin-based sensors developed using kappa carrageenan and corn starch polymers to achieve sustainability fisheries program and were characterized according to the Japanese Industrial Standard for bioplastics. The results show that anthocyanin from dragon fruit skin exhibited the best color change in response to pH changes in the tilapia fillet, indicating its potential as a reliable indicator of spoilage. This research highlights the feasibility of using natural dyes as colorimetric sensors, reducing the risk of health hazards associated with synthetic dyes. This study also shows that different polymers give different characteristic of bioplastic. Carrageenan bioplastic shows best thickness values of 0,118 mm; Carrageenan and corn starch bioplastics shows best tensile strength values of 20,62 MPa; Carrageenan bioplastic shows best elongation values of 254%; and All polymers shows the same biodegradation rate values of 14,29%. Further studies are needed to explore other natural dyes and optimize the polymers for optimal bioplastic characteristics.
Postoperative Depression: Insight, Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Choice
Authors: Subiantoro Risza , Margarita M Maramis  , Nining Febriana  , Lestari Basoeki  , Sasanti Yuniar  , I Gusti Ayu Indah Ardhani
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Postoperative depression is a condition of depressive effects in patients without symptoms of depressive mood that occurs a few weeks after surgery and persists for at least 2 weeks. It generally possesses the same symptoms as major depressive disorder. Review: Their difference is that surgery is the trigger of depression in postoperative depression cases. Postoperative depression is associated with increased patients’ morbidity and mortality, increased the risk of disease complications, reduced postoperative healing process, prolonged the duration of treatment, and reduced patients’ quality of life. Therefore, mental health conditions should always be assessed on patients after undergoing surgery. Postoperative depression therapy needs to consider the benefits of antidepressants and adequate pain management. Antidepressant considerations also need to consider interactions with other drugs. Psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy are also useful in postoperative depression management. Conclusion: This review is aimed to give insight about postoperative depression, its importance, and how to treat it.
Cabin Fever During Isolation Due to Covid-19: What Should We Do to Overcome it?
Authors: Nurhadi Grace Manuela , Alya Shafira Hewiz  , Jihan Nabila Pranjasdhina  , Fiqih Faizara Ustadi  , Fathiya Rahma Hermawan  , Almira Maharani  , Alfira Nailatul Izzah  , Muhammad Khafidin Al Alim  , Danty Puspitasari  , Yunias Setiawati
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Cabin fever is described as some combination of irritability, moodiness, and depression due to isolation during COVID-19. Cabin fever may happen to anyone who has to isolate themself at home because of the COVID-19 outbreak. We aim to identify the risk factor, the influence of hormone imbalance on mood changes, and how to deal with cabin fever during isolation due to COVID-19. People who are unable to connect with other people physically, unable to do activities that they used to do, unmotivated due to having no work, and anxious about finances due to lack of income may have a higher risk of cabin fever. Review: Social isolation experienced by people with cabin fever may result in hormonal imbalances that eventually affect their mood. This is due to the stress that comes from prolonged stay-at-home orders, which are thought to disturb the balance of the hormones in a person’s body. Hormones which are able to cause mood changes are cortisol, thyroid, testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone. Cabin fever is not a recognized psychological condition. In this way, there is no standard treatment for cabin fever. Conclusion: Therefore, acceptance, reconciliation with oneself, coexistence and trust (intimate interactions, mindfulness, and positive self-shaping as self-control) are keys to overcome cabin fever.
Identification of Potential Diagnostic Markers for Depressive Disorders using Urinary Biomarkers of N-Methylnicotinamide and Hippuric Acid
Authors: Susanto Nadila Apriola , Hasanah Uswatun , Sutrisno AL-Bidarri Tsamira Annafila , Hani Handini Risma , Asih Sekar , Agustini Sulistyo Mulyo
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The diagnostic methodology for depressive disorders, relying on symptom clusters, has inherent limitations in ensuring heterogeneity levels. Consequently, this presents a notable risk of inevitable diagnostic errors in mental health assessments. Therefore, advocating for objective diagnostic approaches through empirical testing in clinical settings becomes crucial for individuals dealing with depressive disorders. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of urine as a diagnostic support for depressive disorders using the N-Methylnicotinamide and Hippuric Acid biomarkers. Methods: This study used 13 urine samples from patients with depressive disorders and 13 normal urine samples. It used ELISA methods with observational analytic and cross-sectional designs. Results: The results showed that the N-methylnicotinamide biomarker had a relationship with depressive disorders with a correlation value of 0.867, while hippuric acid obtained a correlation value of 0.692. Besides, the N-Methylnicotinamide and Hippuric Acid biomarkers showed differences in the urine of depressive disorder and normal patients with significance values of 0.000 and 0.001 for the N-Methylnicotinamide and Hippuric Acid biomarkers, respectively. In addition, the Relative Operating Characteristics curve analysis showed that these two biomarkers had good sensitivity and specificity values in assisting the diagnosis of depressive disorders. N-methylnicotinamide has a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 100%, while hippuric acid has a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 84.6%. Conclusions: Significant differences in the biomarkers of N-methylnicotinamide and hippuric acid in the urine of depressed patients compared to normal patients. Therefore, these biomarkers can be the empirical laboratory methods to support the diagnosis of depressive.
Risk Factors of Agitation Among Schizophrenia Patients in Dr. Amino Gondohutomo Semarang Regional Psychiatric Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ratna sofa Yulia , Noerhidajati Elly , Woroasih Sri , Intan Tri Hardini
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder associated with deterioration in the functions of daily life and social functions because it can reduce a person’s quality of life. In the acute phase, many schizophrenic patients have agitated behavior where this behavior will risk injuring themselves and others because of that treatment costs increase. to determine the risk factors for agitation in schizophrenic patients in terms of age, gender, marital status, occupation, genetic history, and presence or absence of stressors. Methods: This research is a descriptive analytic using a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were schizophrenic patients at Dr. Amino Gondohutomo Semarang Regional Psychiatric Hospital. Research subjects will be taken using consecutive sampling techniques that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection used medical record data and the PANNS EC score to determine whether there was agitation. Data analysis included descriptive analysis with frequency and percentage distributions as well as hypothesis testing using the Chi Square test and logistic regression. Results: From the results of the Chi Square test and logistic regression, it was found that the factors of young age, male sex, unmarried, and unemployed were significant for PANSS EC with a prevalence value of 3.40 (1.13 – 10.22), 2.01 (1.14 – 3.56), 2.39 (1.36 – 4.20), and 2.07 (1.12 – 3.83). Conclusion: Factors of young age <40 years, male sex, unmarried, and unemployed are risk factors for the occurrence of agitation in schizophrenic patients at Dr. Amino Gondohutomo Semarang Regional Psychiatric Hospital.
The role and clinical applications of exosomes in cancer drug resistance
Authors: Pan Wenxuan , Miao Qun , Yin Wenqian , Li Xiaobo , Ye Wencai , Zhang Dongmei , Deng Lijuan , Zhang Junqiu , Chen Minfeng
Published: November 2024

Tumor-secreted exosomes are heterogeneous multi-signal messengers that support cancer growth and dissemination by mediating intercellular crosstalk and activating signaling pathways. Distinct from previous reviews, we focus intently on exosome-therapeutic resistance dynamics and summarize the new findings about the regulation of cancer treatment resistance by exosomes, shedding light on the complex processes via which these nanovesicles facilitate therapeutic refractoriness across various malignancies. Future research in exosome biology can potentially transform diagnostic paradigms and therapeutic interventions for cancer management. This review synthesizes recent insights into the exosome-driven regulation of cancer drug resistance, illuminates the sophisticated mechanisms by which these nanovesicles facilitate therapeutic refractoriness across various malignancies, and summarizes some strategies to overcome drug resistance.