bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La casa como red. Flujos cotidianos y ensamblajes actorales en un barrio popular
Authors: Oriolani Federico Agustín
Published: June 2022

En el artículo reflexiono sobre los modos en que las familias de sectores populares producen sus casas a través de los distintos desplazamientos que realizan hacia espacios comunitarios y las vinculaciones que establecen con políticas y personas. Indago en cómo y en qué lugares se produce. ¿Qué roles cumplen los flujos cotidianos en su conformación y las políticas y cosas que circulan? ¿Cómo se sustentan las distintas funciones de la casa?. Como parte de un trabajo de campo etnográfico realizado desde 2017 a 2020 en un barrio popular de Mar del Plata (Argentina), planteo a la casa como una red que genera prácticas. A su vez, debe extenderse para su materialización, en constante movimiento y compuesta por medio del ensamblaje persistente y variable de actores y lugares.
Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes: las tecnologías y el turismo en el destino Tandil, Argentina
Authors: Ramos Aldo , Campo Luisina
Published: June 2022

Ante un contexto cambiante, donde las consecuencias negativas derivadas de la actividad turística se acentúan cada vez más, y con ello las necesidades e intereses de los turistas, hiperconectados, más informados y exigentes, surgen nuevos modelos de planificación turística. Tal es el caso de los Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes, un modelo de gestión basado en la información que se obtiene constantemente del destino y que se sustenta en ejes de sostenibilidad, accesibilidad universal, gobernanza, innovación y la implementación de tecnologías para alcanzar los objetivos de estos ejes. De esta forma el trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la capacidad de las TICs del destino turístico de Tandil para evaluar su potencialidad como Destino Turístico Inteligente. Para esto se recurrió a una metodología de tipo cualitativa basada en la búsqueda bibliográfica y en entrevistas a informantes clave.
Claves de lectura histórico-perceptuales para desarrollar el turismo de proximidad en paisajes agro-vitivinícolas del Área Metropolitana de Mendoza
Authors: Manzini Marchesi Lorena
Published: June 2022

Las fases de administración del aislamiento implementadas por los gobiernos de los distintos países ante la pandemia por COVID–19, en especial los cierre de fronteras y viajes, generaron una crisis sin precedentes en la actividad turística nacional e internacional. No obstante este fenómeno, y ante la necesidad de recreación y dispersión social, se incentivó el turismo de proximidad, en la medida que fue permitido transitar por el territorio. En las últimas décadas, el crecimiento urbano en el Área Metropolitana de Mendoza (AMM) sobre terrenos agro-vitivinícolas de valor patrimonial ha fraccionado su carácter distintivo, lo cual dificulta su reconocimiento y lectura. En este marco, sostenemos que el reconocimiento y protección de las áreas con valor visual patrimonial del paisaje son un recurso que permite el desarrollo del turismo de proximidad. Ante ello, proponemos claves de lectura histórico-perceptuales que faciliten la detección de la calidad de dichos atributos del paisaje. La herramienta metodológica propuesta es interdisciplinaria, dado que conjuga un abordaje teórico histórico, arquitectónico y geográfico. En cuanto a las fuentes de investigación, trabajamos tanto con documentos históricos como elementos patrimoniales del paisaje natural y construidos.
Influence of solar radiation insolation precipitation on hydrophobized leather for shoe uppers
Authors: DJURAEV Abdujalil Mannapovich , KODIROV Tulkin Jumayevich , USMANOV Khalil Khabibullaevich , TOSHEV Akmal Yusupovich , SHOYIMOV Shohrux Shuxratovich
Published: June 2022

The influence of solar radiation and precipitation on leather samples for the upper part of footwear, treated with water-repellent compounds, was determined and the process of their destruction in natural atmospheric conditions was determined. The study of the effect of solar radiation on natural skin has not been sufficiently studied. In connection with the above, the test was carried out on experimental hydrophobized and initial (control) leather samples in an open area to determine the insolation of solar radiation and precipitation on the skin for the upper shoes. During the tests, a systematic examination of the exposed samples was carried out for 1-6 months, sampling for physico-mechanical and other tests was recorded by meteorological conditions. After that, the samples were subjected to organoleptic evaluation, physical-mechanical and chemical-analytical analyses, as well as structural studies. It was visually determined that, depending on the variant of hydrophobization used, fibrillar collagen formations change in different ways. After atmospheric insolation acts on the control sample, its fibrillar structure changes sharply, numerous micro cracks appear, located mainly perpendicular to the fiber axis, and clearly defined dark zones are found between the fibrils. Fibril outlines become indistinct, numerous torn ends are observed. However, such changes are not observed for hydrophobized samples. Significant changes in physical and mechanical properties are observed in the first and fourth months of natural aging. In the hydrophobized sample, the rate of change in hydrothermal destruction and the appearance of cracks in the face layer subjected to aging in an open area, is always lower compared to the control sample.
Comparison and assessment of selected parameters of chrome-free and chrome-tanned leather
Authors: BIELAK Elżbieta , ZIELIŃSKA Gabriela
Published: June 2022

In the leather tanning industry, decision-makers act resolutely to eliminate chrome as a tanning agent due to its negative effect on human health and the natural environment. Considering this, it makes sense to research opportunities to use chrome-free leather as a substitute for chrome-tanned leather. This paper demonstrates research on the mechanical and hygienic properties of leather tanned with glutaraldehyde as well as chrome-tanned leather, intended for shoe uppers. The results of the tensile strength and percentage extension measurements made by the Instron tensile machine, and the results of water vapour permeability measurements made by a moisture analyser, have been analysed using Statistica. The statistical data analysis has been performed using the following tests: Kolmogorov-Smirnov with Lilliefors correction, Shapiro-Wilk, T, Levene, Brown and Forsythe, Fisher-Snedecor, and Cochran-Cox. Regarding mechanical parameters, no statistically significant difference has been observed between chrome-free and chrome-tanned leather in dry conditions. However, such differences have been observed in wet samples. The tests showed higher stability of mechanical parameters of leather tanned with modified glutaraldehyde compared to chrome-tanned leather. Leather tanned with a chrome tanning agent, tested in both dry and wet conditions, showed significant differences between them, considering their tensile strength and percentage extension. The hygienic properties of both types of leather being researched are more or less similar – the research has not found any statistically significant differences for water vapour permeability.
Does insole hardness affect the dynamic postural stability of basketball athletes during jump landing?
Authors: TANG Yunqi , GUO Xinyu , WANG Xiuxing , QIN Lei , ZOU Lingqiu , LI Lingjun , WANG Yong , LU Hua , ZHANG Cui
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to examine the effects of shoe insole hardness on the dynamic postural stability of basketball athletes during jump landing manoeuvres. Twenty college basketball athletes were recruited to complete a single-leg jump landing task on a force plate in three insole conditions (soft-, rigid- and no-insole). Kistler force plate and Pedar-X insole system were used to collect the ground reaction force (GRF) and plantar pressure data. Dynamic Postural Stability Index (DPSI), Anterior-Posterior Stability Index (APSI), Medial-Lateral Stability Index (MLSI), and Vertical Stability Index (VSI) were then calculated from GRF data. DPSI, APSI, MLSI, and VSI were statistically conducted among the three insole conditions by a one-way ANOVA with repeated measures. MLSI were decreased when wearing soft- and rigid insoles compared with no-insole condition (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in APSI and VSI among the three insole conditions. In the midfoot region, contact areas were increased in the soft- and rigid insole than the no-insole condition (p < 0.0001). Dynamic balance of basketball athletes in the medial-lateral direction could be enhanced by wearing insoles during jump landings tasks. However, the postural stability of basketball athletes did not increase with insole hardness increasing.
Az energiaitallal kevert alkoholhoz köthető fogyasztás komplex feltérképezése gyermekek, serdülők és fiatal felnőttek körében (2017–2021)
Authors: Gódor-Kacsándi Anna , Lugasi Andrea
Published: June 2022

Bevezetés: Az energiaitalok piaca és fogyasztása továbbra is növekvő tendenciát mutat világszerte. A nemzetközi felmérések adatai szerint az energiaitalok alkohollal keverése nagyon népszerű a fiatalok körében. Ez a fogyasztói szokás veszélyforrást jelent egyrészt az energiaital stimuláló és az alkohol depresszáns (nyugtató, szorongásoldó) hatása révén, másrészt kiszáradáshoz vezethet, továbbá számos egyéb, negatív fiziológiai és pszichológiai következménnyel járhat együtt. Célkitűzés: Jelen összefoglaló tanulmány célja, hogy a legfrissebb szakirodalmi adatokat feldolgozva bemutassa az energiaitalokkal kevert alkoholfogyasztás prevalenciáját, a fogyasztást befolyásoló egyes tényezőket és a használatukhoz köthető negatív következményeket. Módszer: A tanulmányban a PubMed® adatbázisban 2017–2021 időszakra vonatkozóan, az energy drinks mixed alcohol kulcsszavas szűrést és válogatást követően megmaradt 20 darab releváns, angol nyelvű, humán adatokat tartalmazó, közvetlenül az AmED-fogyasztáshoz kapcsolódó közlemény került feldolgozásra. Eredmények: A közleményeket áttekintve megállapítható, hogy a témában végzett kutatások nem alkalmaznak egységes metodikát az energiaitallal kevert alkoholfogyasztás gyakoriságára és a fogyasztási mintázat vizsgálatára. A tanulmányok döntő többsége számos negatív következményt sorakoztat fel az energiaitallal kevert alkohol fogyasztására vonatkozóan, amelyek helyenként ellentmondásosak. Többek között összefüggésbe hozzák az alkoholfogyasztás növekedésével, a nagyivással, a dohányzással, a szerhasználattal és olyan egyéb negatív következményekkel, mint a depresszió, a szorongás, az öngyilkosság gondolata és kísérlete. Következtetések: Az energiaitallal kevert alkoholfogyasztás káros használatának megelőzését célzó intervenciós programok kialakításában kulcsfontosságú az egészségügyi szakma, a vendéglátás, az élelmiszeripar, a média és a kormányzat együttműködése, amely során a rendelkezésre álló kutatási eredmények helyi viszonyokra történő adaptálásával célzott edukáció, megfelelő címkézésre, árusításra és marketingre vonatkozó szabályozás alakítható ki. Az egészségügyi szakembereknek az anamnézis felvételekor fontos támpontot adhat az energiaitalokkal kevert alkohol fogyasztásának pontos feltérképezése a kapcsolódó kockázatok – úgy, mint szerhasználat, nagyivás – felmérésében.
A pomázi Majdán-fennsík nappali lepkéinek megfigyelései 2000 és 2020 között (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera)
Authors: Gergely Péter
Published: June 2022

Observations of Rhopalocera species between 2000 and 2020, northwest of Budapest, in Pomáz, on a dry limestone plateau. The author presents data on 96 species, 38 of which are protected in Hungary.
Positron emission tomography: a horse in the musculoskeletal imaging race
Authors: Spriet Mathieu
Published: June 2022

Positron emission tomography (PET) has established itself as a pertinent tool in equine musculoskeletal imaging in the last few years. With the ability to provide functional information regarding both bone and soft tissues, PET has found several clinical applications in horses. PET is currently used in horses as an enhanced bone scan, providing high-resolution 3-dimensional information, in particular for imaging of the racehorse fetlock. Combined with CT and MRI, PET is particularly pertinent in horses for the assessment of subchondral bone and enthesis. The development of a dedicated PET scanner to image the distal limb of horses with standing sedation led to new applications, where PET is used as a first-line advanced imaging tool, in particular for foot, fetlock, and tarsal imaging. A complimentary clinical review of when to seek advanced imaging in equine athletes can be found in the companion Currents in One Health by Garrett in the July 2022 issue of the Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association. The clinical use of PET in human medicine remains mainly focused on oncological imaging; however, numerous small-scale clinical studies have demonstrated valuable applications for musculoskeletal imaging. These include assessment of foot and ankle pain, osteoarthritis of the knee and hip, osteoporosis, response to bisphosphonates, and chronic osteomyelitis. The use of musculoskeletal PET in dogs remains quite limited, but a few studies have recently been published and clinical interest is growing. The available research data and clinical applications between horses, humans, and dogs are currently quite disparate, but all suggest great promises for earlier and more accurate clinical diagnosis, as well as better understanding of pathophysiology and response to treatment. Translating knowledge from a species to another will undoubtedly help further growth of musculoskeletal PET.
Kosovo Specialist Chambers As A New Hybrid Court In The International Judicary
Authors: Stefańska Sonia
Published: June 2022

After years of armed conflict and talks with international organisations, the Kosovo authorities agreed to establish an independent judicial body to prosecute the perpetrators of international crimes that took place during the liberation of Kosovo between 1998 and 2000. The Kosovo Specialist Chambers and Specialist Prosecutor's Office, with its jurisdiction over crimes against humanity, war crimes, and other crimes under Kosovo law is one of the newest judicial bodies operating in the international arena. Despite several years of activity of this body, it is not clear whether Kosovo Specialist Chambers is an international court or a hybrid court in its pure form. Outlining the characteristics of a typical hybrid court, followed by an analysis of the legal framework and functioning of the Kosovo Specialist Chambers will allow for a determination of whether this court is a hybrid court or a completely new type of.
Students’ Gender Proficiency in Multiple Representational Format and Mathematical Reasoning in Senior School Physics Problem-Solving
Authors: Apata Funke Susan
Published: June 2022

This study investigated multiple representation formats and mathematical reasoning to unravel physics concepts and laws in problem-solving. Four hundred and sixty (460) students from forty-six (46) co-educational schools in Kwara State- Nigeria, participated in the study. Using a random sampling technique 230 males and 230 females were selected. The two instruments used are Physics Multiple Representational Test and the Physics Mathematical Reasoning Test. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Results of the analyses through frequency count, percentages, and t-test revealed a low mean value for mathematical reasoning and the representational format of students. The male recorded a higher mean value in multiple representation formats and mathematical reasoning than their female counterparts. It concluded that students' mathematical reasoning and multiple representational formats in problem-solving were low, and the female students were the most affected when it comes to low performance. The study recommended a curriculum review to accommodate an introductory course on multiple representations. Also, an innovative program that enhances mathematical reasoning and promotes the relationship between mathematics and physics is in the curriculum. Extracurricular activities that could stimulate female interests in representational format and mathematical reasoning, should be introduced in schools.
A liberdade de expressão do servidor militar estadual nas redes sociais
Authors: Schramm Julie Katlyn Antunes , Schramm Lucas
Published: June 2022

Esta pesquisa tem por finalidade analisar o direito fundamental à liberdade de expressão, no âmbito militar estadual, levando-se em consideração que os servidores militares estaduais seguem uma legislação mais rigorosa com relação aos servidores civis. Propõe-se investigar dentro dos limites do direito fundamental à liberdade de expressão do servidor público militar, o atendimento à teoria dos limites aos limites dos direitos fundamentais, na atual democracia digital. A problemática que norteia este trabalho traz a indagação sobre a livre manifestação de opinião e pensamento, destes servidores, nas redes sociais. Partindo-se da realidade, em que os servidores militares estaduais, do Brasil, exercem suas funções no Estado Democrático de Direito, o objetivo da presente pesquisa é a busca pela efetivação do direito fundamental à liberdade de expressão, dentro dos limites legais interpretados conforme a Constituição brasileira e, com isso o robustecimento da democracia no Brasil. Para cumprir tal proposta foi realizada pesquisa jurisprudencial e bibliográfica sobre o tema, concluindo-se que a legislação militar que limita o direito fundamental à liberdade de expressão é incompatível com a Constituição brasileira de 1988, devendo-se realizar um novo  desenho legislativo no âmbito castrense.
A inclusão da história e da cultura afro-brasileira no currículo universitário: uma ação afirmativa no combate ao racismo estrutural
Authors: Machado Nélida Reis Caseca , Felício Ana Beatriz , Garcia Camila Rodrigues Silva
Published: June 2022

Neste estudo faz-se uma incursão nas cotas, nos racismos territorializados e na necessidade de outras medidas de combate ao racismo por meio da identidade. Verifica que as cotas, como ações afirmativas, são de necessidade ímpar para o combate do racismo, mas sozinhas não alcançam o enfrentamento das três concepções do racismo, sendo necessárias medidas conjuntas que possam, em um esforço somado, causar uma infiltração no racismo estrutural e, como isso, facilitar algumas mudanças. Aponta que a Universidade, como instituição e que faz parte da estrutura da domesticação, deve rever seu papel, contribuir e criar possibilidade para que os negros possam ser negros e ver-se negros a partir dos ambientes acadêmicos, sendo esta a ação afirmativa que se propõe.
Fenomenologia da renúncia à privacidade
Authors: Ferreira Júnior Yokanaã , Oliveira Ilzver de Matos , Timóteo William
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo aborda a problemática da renúncia voluntária ao direito da intimidade, indicando o liame existente entre intimidade e liberdade. Para tanto, demonstra a interdependência entre o direito à intimidade e à liberdade, baseado no processo de ensimesmamento. Além disso, esta pesquisa delimita o conceito dos institutos da privacidade, da intimidade e da vida privada, afirmando a distinção entre eles. Outrossim, discorre acerca do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, indicando-o como um valor unificador dos direitos fundamentais previstos na Constituição Federal de 1988, além de conceituar a abrangência do direito à intimidade e à vida privada como espécies do direito à privacidade. Para fundamentar a possibilidade de se restringir o direito à privacidade, este artigo cita a exposição de comportamento e pensamentos em programas televisivos, conhecidos como “reality show”, e nas redes sociais. Utiliza-se das ferramentas das metodologias documental e bibliográfica e, por fim, conclui afirmando ser possível se renunciar ao exercício do direito à privacidade, desde que tal ato se pondere com o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana.
Análise da responsabilidade civil dos genitores nas situações em que a alienação parental ao abandono afetivo ocorre em resposta
Authors: Resende Aline Rocha , Alvarenga Altair Resende de
Published: June 2022

O artigo científico analisará a possibilidade de responsabilização civil pelos atos decorrentes de abandono afetivo e de alienação parental, com inflexão, para a presença de todos os elementos configuradores da responsabilidade civil subjetiva. Tal instituto jurídico foi introduzido a partir da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, que consagrou diversos princípios fundamentais baseados na proteção integral da criança e do adolescente, incluindo os princípios da afetividade e da solidariedade, fundamentos das relações familiares, e que passou a considerar crianças e adolescentes como sujeitos de direitos, merecedores de proteção especial por parte do Estado, da sociedade, e, sobretudo, da família, com absoluta prioridade.
Maternal predictors of neonatal anthropometric measurements in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Abdulrahim Reem , Idris Ahmed , Abdellatif Mohamed , Ur-Rahman Asad , Fuller Nigel
Published: June 2022

This study aims to detect an association between potential maternal predictors and neonatal anthropometry in Oman. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman between November 2014 and November 2015. The study included all term healthy Omani neonate-mother pairs. Summary descriptive statistics of neonatal (N) weight (Wt), length (L), head circumference (HC) and potential maternal (M) characteristics were collected. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess associations between maternal predictors and neonatal anthropometry. The study cohort identified 2783 eligible pairs. The data showed that parity, maternal weight (MWt), and height (MHt) explained a significant amount of the variance in birth weight: F ratio = 115.4, p value < 0.001, R2 adjusted = 0.12. MWt and MHt were significant predictors of length: F ratio = 65.3, p value < 0.001, R2 adjusted = 0.048. The predictors of HC were MWt, MHt, and parity: F ratio = 53.1, p value < 0.001, R2 adjusted = 0.57. Primiparous mothers were 2.2 times at greater risk of delivering low birthweight newborns. There were no significant differences in anthropometric outcomes between consanguineous and non-consanguineous groups. Maternal weight and height had significant positive associations with the three newborn anthropometric outcomes. Additionally, primiparity was associated with increased risk of low birthweight. Consanguinity was not associated with low birth weight in term Omani neonates.
Study of 18β glycyrrhetinic acid for the prevention of progression of diabetes induced neuropathy in laboratory animals
Authors: Warokar Kamlesh , Sawant Sameer
Published: June 2022

Diabetes is a metabolic disease that is associated with oxidative stress and the dysfunction of mitochondria. Long-term diabetes may cause different associated complications. One of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus is neuropathy. The present study aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective effects of 18β glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), the metabolite of glycyrrhizic acid, which is the main active component commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine on oxidative damage and the sciatic nerve of diabetes-induced neuropathy in laboratory animals. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats (200–260 g) by injecting a single dose of nicotinamide (110 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The rats were divided into six groups. Pregabalin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and 18β GA (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) were administered daily after four weeks of nicotinamide-STZ injection to the rats of groups III to VI respectively for four weeks. Various behavioral (heat and mechanical hyperalgesia, allodynia, etc.), hemodynamic and biochemical parameters were investigated, and the histological examination of the sciatic nerve was carried out. In the present study, the 18β GA (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) increased in the tail withdrawal latency and increased in paw withdrawal threshold, and increased in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure. Furthermore, 18β GA (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) restored altered blood glucose level, total protein, antioxidant status, and histological abnormalities. Pregabalin (10 mg/kg) showed a maximum protective effect, but a low dose of 18β GA (50 mg/kg) was not enough to show the protective activity in diabetic rats. In most of the tests, non-significant differences were observed between the control and 18β GA 200 mg/kg groups. Moreover, 18β GA lowers the inflammation and demyelination in sciatic nerves. Beyond its antioxidant role possessed neuroprotective effect via modulation of endogenous enzymes in nicotinamide-STZ induced diabetic in rats.
Gene Expression Analysis of Interleukin 8 in NSCLC Cell Lines and Preparation of Noncovalently Functionalized Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes Conjugated with IL 8 siRNA
Authors: Karnatam Naga Lalitha , Gottumukkala Krishna M. , Addepally Uma
Published: June 2022

Interleukin-8/CXCL 8 (IL-8) is a potent chemokine, angiogenic factor, autocrine growth factor with direct growth-promoting effect on many human cancers, and overexpression of IL-8 in carcinomas allows tumor growth and invasion. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) interference is an effective post-transcriptional gene silencing concept, specifically identifying and down-regulating the target gene’s expression. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) acts as a promising and powerful tool for application in gene therapy. However, siRNA therapies have been impeded by a lack of potential delivery systems. In this scenario, carbon nanotubes are used as an emerging platform for constructing safe, specific, and effective siRNA delivery systems. In this present work, the gene expression of IL-8 was studied in A 549 and H 460 non-small cell lung cancer cells using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay produced significant levels of IL 8 protein (9.57 ± 1.6 ng mL-1 per 106cells and 83.26 ± 2.8 ng mL-1 per 106cells). Then potential tumor targeting nano delivery system was designed using single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), non-covalently functionalized with DSPE-PEG 2000 amine polymer to improve the solubility biocompatibility and lower the cytotoxicity. Then these functionalized SWNTs were conjugated to IL 8 siRNA via cleavable disulfide bond using a Sulfo-LC-SPDP cross-linker. The optimized formulation with enhanced biocompatibility and solubility may effectively be used as a nanocarrier for the potential delivery of IL 8 siRNA to tumor target sites.
Evaluation of the duration of time and use of different solvents for phytochemical constituents, antioxidants, and Invitro anti-diabetic activities of Camellia sinensis leaves and twigs
Authors: Yellala Navya R. , Donakonda Madhuri , Bannoth Chandrasekhar K.
Published: June 2022

Camellia sinensis is known to mankind centuries back, and the leaves are famous as tea leaves. The huge polyphenolics present in the aerial parts are the key factors for the health benefits. Our current study focussed on evaluating and comparing the influence of various solvents and duration of extraction on the secondary metabolites, antioxidant potential, and in-vitro anti-diabetic activity of the leaves and twigs of C. sinensis. Butanol and methanol were marked effective in the extraction to produce higher yields (45.66%) than other solvents. Duration of extraction also proved to influence the total yield; 48 hours is declared as an optimum duration of time to extract maximum contents from the plant material and proved better in vitro activities and phytoconstituents. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were identified as higher in 48 hours, whereas total tannins were observed more in 24 hours. Antioxidant activity results performed through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, phosphomolybdenum method and in vitro anti-diabetic activity results also supported the influence of extraction time and solvents.
Fabrication and dissolution studies of self-microemulsifying drug delivery system containing simvastatin
Authors: Sharma VIJAY KUMAR , KOKA AISHWARYA , Sharma Anil Kumar
Published: June 2022

The majority of active pharmaceuticals, which are in the parlance, do suffer from hindrances of poor aqueous solubility. The scientific fraternity across the globe has explored numerous approaches to address the low bioavailability of the drugs. One amongst such strategies is delivering the actives via lipid-based carrier systems. The present investigation was undertaken to enhance the solubility of simvastatin (a cholesterol-lowering medicine), employing several oils and a blend of surfactants and co-surfactants. The ratios were optimized based on a phase diagram. There was a formulation of 11 batches of SMEDDS formulations having different compositions. The preparations were subjected to dissolution studies. The maximum solubility of the drug was determined as 143 ± 5.3 mg in Lauroglycol 90. The average drug release was in the range of 88 ± 1.6-101 ± 2.5 %. The addition of a stabilizer (Transcutol) does not significantly affect the drug release. It could be suggested at this juncture that simvastatin may be more bioavailable in case confined within a lipid-based delivery system.
Development and Optimization of Wax Matrix Tablets of Levetiracetam for Zero-order Controlled Release
Authors: PARIMI RAVI , DEVARAPALLI RAMA RAO
Published: June 2022

The major objective of this work was to develop once daily extended release tablets with zero order drug release for levetiracetam using wax matrix as the release retarding element. Extending drug release for highly water soluble drugs is always a challenge. In this work levetiracetam, a highly soluble drug was chosen for which extended release matrix tablets were developed using different waxes such as Compritol ATO 888, Imwitor 491, tristearin and cetylpalmitateas rate controlling materials taken in different amounts. PEG 6000 was used to regulate the availability of water inside the wax matrix and lactose was used as pore forming agent to aid the release of the drug from the wax matrix. Tablets were prepared by embedding the drug into the molten wax followed by its solidification, sieving, mixing with other excipients and finally compression. The prepared tablets were tested for hardness, tensile strength, friability, drug content and drug release studies. Type of wax, amount of wax and amount of PEG 6000 were optimized in order to achieve controlled drug release for about 24 hours. All the tablets showed good tensile strength in the range of 0.59-0.70 N/mm2, packing fraction in the range of 0.85-0.92 and friability in the range of 0.42-55% indicating their solid physical integrity. The drug release studies indicated thatthe tablets prepared with tristearin showed better control among the waxes taken. The tablets containing 150mg of tristearin, 50 mg of PEG 6000 and 50 mg of lactose showed controlled drug release for 24 h with zero-order release.
Hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Cissus quadrangularis linn fruits in alcohol-induced liver damage in rats
Authors: Jasti Deepthi , Bhikshapathi D. V. R. N.
Published: June 2022

Reactive oxygen species are one of the major reasons for liver damage. The study investigates the hepatoprotective activity of Ethanolic Extract of Cissus Quadrangularis Linn of fruits against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity.  Fruit Powder of Cissus Quadrangularis was successively extracted with ethanol. Preliminary phytochemical tests were done. The hepatoprotective activity of the AST, ALT, ALP, ALB, BIT and BID were assessed in alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity rats. The EECQ showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, steroids, saponins and triterpenes, while alkaloids, carbohydrates and saponins were present Ethanol produced significant changes in physical (increased liver weight and volume), biochemical (increase in serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, direct bilirubin, total bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides and decrease in total protein and albumin level). Pre-treatment with EECQ extract significantly prevented the physical, biochemical, histological and functional changes induced by alcohol in the liver.  The present study indicates that EECQ extract possessed potential hepatoprotective activity. This activity may be attributed due to the rich phytoconstituents of the plant extract.
Development of simple method for the determination of 5-Methyl tetrahydrofolate in Dried Blood Spot by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Authors: Thippeswamy Thippande Gowda
Published: June 2022

Folate (Reduced) or folic acid (oxidized), is a water-soluble vitamin necessary for thymidylate synthase, methionine synthase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, and folate deficiency associated with megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defect, and coronary heart disease. The available folate data is minimal due to a dearth of suitable, accurate, field-friendly blood collection and estimation methods. Conventional assays like microbiological and competitive protein-binding radioassay methods are used to estimate the total folate in serum and whole blood. In erythrocytes, folate exists mainly as 5-methyltetrahydrofolate polyglutamate and indicates the long-term storage of folate status. Therefore, the study aimed to develop a simple method for estimating 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in dried blood spots (DBS) as an indicator of folate status. The present study results indicate standard 5-methyltetrahydrofolate with different concentrations with linear regression was showed R2-0.98, and the minimum detection limit of a standard was 20 pg. The inter-and intra-assay variations were found to be less than 10%. A good correlation (R2-0.964) between the DBS and blood and the recovery of added standard in the DBS sample was more than 80%. A minimum of three DBS punches equivalent to 20mL of blood was required for the analysis, and the competitive protein-binding radioassay showed slightly high folate compared to the HPLC method. The stability of 5-MTHF in DBS was also tested periodically. DBS technique and HPLC method are simple, sensitive, not expansive, and safe compared to the microbiological and competitive binding assay for assessing sub-clinical folate status in a field survey on a large population.
In Vivo Evaluation of Fluvoxamine Maleate Mouth Dissolving Films by Design of Experiment
Authors: Reddy Shimmula Rohini , Ramesh Bomma
Published: June 2022

Fluvoxamine, an antidepressant belonging to serotonin reuptake inhibitor class exhibits maximum absorption through oral route of administration. The objective of current research is to formulate mouth dissolving fluvoxamine films by employing super disintegrants. The Central Composite Design (CCD), employed to examine the effects of amount of HPMC E15 (A), amount of eudragit RL 100 (B), amount of polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000) (C) on response variables tensile strength, disintegration time and cumulative % drug released. 27 formulations prepared according to CCD and evaluated for physico chemical parameters and in vitro dissolution studies. Fluvoxamine mouth dissolving films formulated by employing solvent-casting method using HPMC E15, eudragit RL100 and PEG 4000. CCD employed to optimize the effective dosage of formulation superdisintegrants.  The formulation FF15 with maximum tensile strength of 55.63±1.37 mg, least disintegration time of 10±1.85sec and highest drug release of 98.29±1.87 % is chosen optimal formulation with maximum content uniformity and folding endurance. From in vivo bioavailability studies Cmax and Tmax of the fluvoxamine optimized mouth dissolving film formulation was significant (p<0.05) as compared to the fluvoxamine marketed product formulation. AUC0-∞ infinity for optimised formulation was higher (733.84±2.04 ng.h/ml) than the fluvoxamine marketed product formulation 485.67±1.54 ng.h/ml. Statistically, AUC0-t of the optimized mouth dissolving film formulation was significantly higher (p<0.05) as compared to fluvoxamine marketed product formulation. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits confirmed the quick release and increase in bioavailability for Fluvoxamine from optimized mouth dissolving film formulation as compared to the fluvoxamine marketed product formulation.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of (4-Fluorophenyl)(1-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)indolizin-3-yl)methanone derivatives as anticancer and antimicrobial agents
Authors: G. Mahanthesha , T. Suresh , Naik T. R. Ravikumar
Published: June 2022

A novel series of (4-Fluorophenyl (1-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)indolizin-3-yl)methanone derivatives 9(a-n) were synthesized by the coupling reaction of 3-(4-fluorobenzoyl)indolizine-1-carboxylic acid and substituted benzohydrazide followed by intramolecular cyclization. The structures of the compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, LCMS, FT-IR, and elemental analyses. The compounds 9(a-n) anti-cancer activity was evaluated against the MCF-7 cell line (HTB-22, Homo sapiens, Breast carcinoma). Compound 9j (IC50 = 21.57 μM), and 9n (IC50 = 8.52 μM) exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity activity compared with standard drug doxorubicin (IC50= 25.71). The antibacterial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739. The compounds ZOI=16mm) and 9i (ZOI=18 mm) exhibited moderate antibacterial activity compared with standard drug ciprofloxacin. The antifungal activity was evaluated against Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Most compounds exhibited moderate antifungal activity compared with the standard drug Itraconazole.
Optimization of Repaglinide Osmotic Drug Delivery System Using Two Different Techniques
Authors: Shireen Fatima , Ajitha Makula , Salfi Roshan
Published: June 2022

The current study aimed to formulate an elementary osmotic pump (EOP) and push-pull osmotic pump (PPOP) based drug delivery system for controlled release of an anti-diabetic agent, repaglinide is expected to provide sustained release. EOP and PPOP method prepared repaglinide tablets by wet granulation technique. EOP designed 15 formulations F1-F15 and 14 formulations were done by PPOP method. All the formulations were evaluated for various physicochemical parameters and in-vitro dissolution studies. The release data was fitted into mathematical kinetic modeling studies to check the release mechanism.Further, the optimized formulations from both methods were characterized by FTIR and stability studies. EOP and PPOP methods successfully prepared repaglinide osmotic tablets. All the formulations exhibited satisfactory results for all evaluated parameters. The highest drug release was exhibited from F15 prepared by EOP method with 99.76% and FF14 with 15% coating prepared by PPOP method with drug release of 99.73%. Based on the in vitro dissolution profile, formulation F15 and FF14 exhibited zero-order with Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics with Fickian diffusion-controlled release mechanism with high drug release in 24 hours and hence were selected as optimized formulations. The drug-excipient compatibility study by FTIR indicated no significant interactions between drugs and excipients. The formulations were stable after 3 months of accelerated stability studies. EOP and PPOP were designed to effectively administrate repaglinide drugs for a prolonged period of time.
Evaluation of Healing Effect of Stromal Vascular Fraction and Platelet Rich Plasma Application on Ulcerative Ear Wound in Diabetic Rabbit
Authors: Sharma Vijay , Sharma Anuka , Ghorpade Parag Rambhau , Nandanwar Manohar , Kansagara Atul , Tripathi Sandeep
Published: June 2022

A debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus is diabetic ulcers, which leads to increased overall morbidity in patients. The high growth factor content in Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) makes it a widely used intervention for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. The topical application of Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) could possibly enhance wound healing. This study aims at evaluating the efficacy of combining SVF and PRP on wound healing in diabetic rabbit model. Diabetes was induced in New Zealand white rabbits by intravenous injection of 125 mg/Kg Alloxan. After two weeks of alloxan, three 6 mm diameter, full thickness excision wounds were made, on inner side of the right ear pinna. The animals after induction were allocated into 4 groups with [8 Diabetic (treated with SVF+PRP), 4 Diabetic (treated with 10% Povidone Iodine (PI)), 1 non-diabetic (treated with SVF+PRP), 1 non diabetic (treated with 10% PI)]. The effect of combined therapy was evaluated by assessing wound margin closure rate, histo-pathological evaluation, and inflammatory cell infiltration, epithelization of ulcerative region, neo-vascularization, and fibrosis. We observed that the rate of wound closure is enhanced in wounds treated with SVF+PRP as compared to the PI solution. Wound closure and healthy healing were demonstrated by histo-pathological analysis. The analysis clearly indicates that the healing process of PI treated animals is slower than that of SVF + PRP treated animals. In conclusion, based on wound healing assessment and histo-pathological examination, the diabetic rabbits treated with SVF + PRP exhibited early development of granulation tissue and early signs of wound closure as compared to diabetic animals with normal PI dressing.
Ameliorative role of mixed hydro-methanolic (60:40) extract of Andrographis Paniculata on chromium (VI)-induced immunomodulation in male albino rats
Authors: Dey Sankar Kumar , Dolai Durgapada
Published: June 2022

The immune system controls the body’s homeostatic state and helps to defend against infections. Activation and expansion of many biomolecules are crucial for the homeostatic state. Chromium, a common heavy metal found in nature, is an active in its hexavalent state. The abundant use of chromium in paints, steel plants, intoxicated the workers and modulates their body homeostasis. In this article, we were intended to evaluate the role of Andrographis paniculata Nees extract on restoration of the body homeostatic state in terms of immune system. For the present investigation, a group of male albino rats (80–100 g) were induced by intraperitonial injection of vehicle (0.9% NaCl), Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) (0.8 mg / 100 g body weight / day), K2Cr2O7 plus mixed hydro-methanol solvent extract in the ratio of 60:40 at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight daily at an interval of six hours after injection of K2Cr2O7 for a period of 28 days. We found that Cr (VI) induces a hyper response of pro-inflammatory cytokines followed by apoptosis in liver and lung tissue. Excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is controlling the whole phenomena. The A. paniculata Nees extract successively inhibit the ROS generation, as a result a significant quenching of pro-inflammatory cytokine production was noted. A. paniculata Nees extract prompted decrease amount of ROS and its associated inflammation provoke the cell survival and helps to maintain a homeostatic state of the body.
Development of 2D and 3D Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Models of Thiazole Derivatives for Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Khan Majid Shabbir , Ul-Haque Ziya , Taleuzzaman Mohamad , Surana Santosh S , Maru Avish D
Published: June 2022

A series of 20 molecules of Aryl Thiazole derivatives reported in literature Khan M S et al (2009) were used for development of 2D and 3D quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models. The data set of 20 molecules were divided into training and test set in the ratio of 70:30, The biological activity was converted to logarithmic scale (pIC50) in mathematical operation mode of the software. The statistically significant 2D-QSAR models for G+ inhibition activity are r2 =0.9521 and q2 = 0.8619 and 3D QSAR results for internal (q2 = 0.8283,) and external (predictive r2 = 0.4868,) validation criteria. Thus, 3D QSAR models showed that electrostatic effects at the area of [E_685 (-10.00-0.10.00)+E_460(-0.4530-0.273)+E_531(-0.6212-0.2506)]dominantly determine the binding affinities. 2D QSAR studies revealed that T_C_C_4 descriptors were major contributing descriptor in case of G+ inhibition activity. 3D QSAR Methods were performed using kNN-MFA method. The results derived may be useful in further designing novel more potent agents.
Evaluation of Inhibition of Proliferation of SK-Mel-28 Cell Lines by Acmella ciliata (Kunth) Cass. Cell Biomass
Authors: Mohan Sugathakumari N. , Hemanthakumar Achuthan S. , Preetha Thankappan S.
Published: June 2022

Acmella ciliata (Kunth) Cass., a medicinally important plant in the family Asteraceae, contains many phytochemicals like alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, including a highly important alkylamide ‘Spilanthol’ which accounts for most of its pharmacological applications. The plant has rich commercial value because of its traditional phytomedicinal uses. The present study focused on the anticancer potentiality of cell biomass of A. ciliata obtained through cell suspension culture. The purplish friable callus raised in MS medium containing 0.5 mgl-1 BA and 1.0 mgl-1 NAA were cultured in liquid MS medium with same hormone combination. The cells after 28 days of culture were collected and quantification of spilanthol using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that the harvested cells from cell suspension culture of A. ciliata recorded 173.702 μgg-1 spilanthol content in them. The analysis of antiproliferative effect of the methanolic extract of the cell biomass revealed that it is capable of inhibiting or reducing the growth of SK-MEL-28 cell lines and a lower concentration i.e., 24.144 μgmL-1 of extract was needed to inhibit the growth by 50%. The study suggested the effectiveness of the cell biomass extract for the inhibition of uncontrolled growth of this melanoma cells and thus throw light on the possibility of formulating an anti-cancerous drug from this resource thereby benefiting the pharmaceutical industry.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TOPICAL MICROEMULSION OF TRANEXAMIC ACID
Authors: Shukla Maheka , Patel Rakesh P , Patel Nikunjana
Published: June 2022

The present study was performed to develop a topical microemulsion of the drug tranexamic acid (TXA) to help patients with hyperpigmentation. Microemulsion was made using dropwise addition method with the help of several surfactants and co-surfactants. The formulation was then evaluated for several parameters like clarity, particle size, drug diffusion etc. Drug Diffusion study was done using goat epidermal skin and at the end of the study it was found that the drug release was of 93.83%. Clarity of microemulsion was 98% and particle size and zeta potential of the formulation suggested it was a clear and stable system. To conclude, a promising drug delivery system for treatment of hyperpigmentation was developed and that it would help cosmetic market.
Kirjasto tiedeyhteisön kumppanina
Authors: Sinikara Kaisa
Published: June 2022

Kaisa Sinikaran kirjoittama Tiedeyhteisön kumppanina: Laitoskirjastoista Helsingin yliopiston kirjastoksi 1828–2012 julkaistaan Helda Open Books -kokoelmassa kesäkuussa 2022. Julkaisu on avoimesti luettavissa Helsingin yliopiston kirjaston ylläpitämässä palvelussa. Kirjoittaja pohtii oheisessa kirjoituksessa tutkimustyönsä taustoja, maan vanhimman yliopiston kirjastojen perustamisvaiheita ja taitekohtia sekä kirjastopalvelujen murrosta 2000-luvulla.
Tiedon vallankumoukset ja kirjasto
Authors: Markku Löytönen
Published: June 2022

ihmiskunta on käynyt läpi kolme tiedon vallankumousta, joista jokainen on muuttanut ihmisyhteisön kulttuuria ja kehityksen suuntaa perusteellisesti. Tiedon ensimmäinen vallankumous syntyi, kun keksimme kirjoitustaidon. Ihmisestä tuli ainoa eläinlaji, joka osaa siirtää tietoa yli sukupolven muussa kuin geneettisessä muodossa. Kirjoitustaito ratkaisi muistin ja ajan ongelman.