bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Indoor Thermal Comfort Parameters with the Adaptive Network‐Based Fuzzy Inference System and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Li Jing , Yin Shao-Wu , Shi Guang-Si , Wang Li
Published: March 2017

The goal of this study is to improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality with the adaptive network‐based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model and improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. A method to optimize air conditioning parameters and installation distance is proposed. The methodology is demonstrated through a prototype case, which corresponds to a typical laboratory in colleges and universities. A laboratory model is established, and simulated flow field information is obtained with the CFD software. Subsequently, the ANFIS model is employed instead of the CFD model to predict indoor flow parameters, and the CFD database is utilized to train ANN input‐output “metamodels” for the subsequent optimization. With the improved PSO algorithm and the stratified sequence method, the objective functions are optimized. The functions comprise PMV, PPD, and mean age of air. The optimal installation distance is determined with the hemisphere model. Results show that most of the staff obtain a satisfactory degree of thermal comfort and that the proposed method can significantly reduce the cost of building an experimental device. The proposed methodology can be used to determine appropriate air supply parameters and air conditioner installation position for a pleasant and healthy indoor environment.
Molecular Abnormalities Underlying Bone Fragility in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Iwasaki Yoshiko , Kazama Junichiro James , Fukagawa Masafumi
Published: March 2017

Prevention of bone fractures is one goal of therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), as indicated by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes guidelines. CKD patients, including those on hemodialysis, are at higher risk for fractures and fracture-related death compared to people with normal kidney function. However, few clinicians focus on this issue as it is very difficult to estimate bone fragility. Additionally, uremia-related bone fragility has a more complicated pathological process compared to osteoporosis. There are many uremia-associated factors that contribute to bone fragility, including severe secondary hyperparathyroidism, skeletal resistance to parathyroid hormone, and bone mineralization disorders. Uremia also aggravates bone volume loss, disarranges microarchitecture, and increases the deterioration of material properties of bone through abnormal bone cells or excess oxidative stress. In this review, we outline the prevalence of fractures, the interaction of CKD-MBD with osteoporosis in CKD patients, and discuss possible factors that exacerbate the mechanical properties of bone.
A Framework for Describing the Influence of Service Organisation and Delivery on Participation in Fetal Anomaly Screening in England
Authors: Ukuhor Hyacinth O. , Hirst Janet , Closs S. José , Montelpare William J.
Published: March 2017

Objective. The aim of this research was to explore the influence of service organisation and delivery on providers and users’ interactions and decision-making in the context of Down’s syndrome screening.Methods. A qualitative descriptive study involving online interviews conducted with a purposive sample of 34 community midwives, 35 pregnant women, and 15 partners from two maternity services in different health districts in England. Data were analysed using a combination of grounded theory principles and content analysis and a framework was developed.Results. The main emerging concepts were organisational constraints, power, routinisation, and tensions. Providers were concerned about being time-limited that encouraged routine, minimal information-giving and lacked skills to check users’ understanding. Users reported their participation was influenced by providers’ attitudes, the ambience of the environment, asymmetric power relations, and the offer and perception of screening as a routine test. Discordance between the national programme’s policy of nondirective informed choice and providers’ actions of recommending and arranging screening appointments was unexpected. Additionally, providers and users differing perceptions of emotional effects of information, beliefs, and expectations created tensions within them, between them, and in the antenatal environment.Conclusions. A move towards a social model of care may be beneficial to empower service users and create less tension for providers and users.
Experimental Performance Evaluation of Multihop IEEE 802.15.4/4g/4e Smart Utility Networks in Outdoor Environment
Authors: Sum Chin-Sean , Zhou Ming-Tuo , Kojima Fumihide , Harada Hiroshi
Published: March 2017

This paper presents the experimental performance evaluation results of the IEEE 802.15.4/4g/4e Smart Utility Networks (SUN) in applications suited for outdoor environment. SUN is an advanced wireless communications network designed for reliable, low data rate, and low energy consumption networks for command-and-control applications like utility service, sensor network, and so on. IEEE 802.15.4g/4e is the international standard for SUN supported by multiple utility providers and product vendors. In this paper, a comprehensive field test was conducted by employing the implementation we have developed to evaluate the performance of the SUN devices based on IEEE 802.15.4/4g/4e standard. The output power of the implementation is 250 mW for extended range, reducible to 20 mW for short-range scalability and battery preservation. Results showed that in an outdoor line-of-sight environment, the achievable one-hop range of a 50 kbps SUN device was 450 m. Next, in a non-line-of-sight environment involving typical residential concrete building, the communications could be established penetrating obstructions to reach above the 11th storey, reaching the performance degradation limits at the 20th storey. Next, the network of the SUN system was proven to be capable of supporting a typical multihop tree network in a dense populated building, meeting the required performance by the standard.
Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity in Adults with Class II/III Obesity Using Different Diagnostic Criteria
Authors: Johnson Stoklossa Carlene A. , Sharma Arya M. , Forhan Mary , Siervo Mario , Padwal Raj S. , Prado Carla M.
Published: March 2017

Background/Objective. Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a hidden condition of reduced lean soft tissue (LST) in context of excess adiposity. SO is most commonly reported in older adults and both its risk and prevalence increase with age. A variety of body composition indices and cut points have been used to define this condition, leading to conflicting prevalence and risk prediction. Here, we investigate variability in the prevalence of SO in an adult sample of individuals with class II/III obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) using different diagnostic criteria.Methods. SO definitions were identified from a literature review of studies using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to assess LST. Demographics, anthropometrics, and body composition (by DXA) were measured inn=120, 86% female (46.9 ± 11.1 years).Results. LST was extremely variable in individuals, even with similar body sizes, and observed across the age spectrum. The prevalence of SO ranged from 0 to 84.5% in females and 0 to 100% in males, depending upon the definition applied, with higher prevalence among definitions accounting for measures of body size or fat mass.Conclusion. SO is present, yet variable, in adults with class II/III obesity. Accounting for body mass or fat mass may identify a higher number of individuals with SO, although risk prediction remains to be studied.
Neural Mobilization Treatment Decreases Glial Cells and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in the Central Nervous System in Rats with Neuropathic Pain Induced by CCI in Rats
Authors: Giardini Aline Carolina , Santos Fabio Martinez dos , da Silva Joyce Teixeira , de Oliveira Mara Evany , Martins Daniel Oliveira , Chacur Marucia
Published: March 2017

Background. Glial cells are implicated in the development of chronic pain and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) released from activated microglia contributes to the nociceptive transmission. Neural mobilization (NM) technique is a method clinically effective in reducing pain sensitivity. Here we examined the involvement of glial cells and BDNF expression in the thalamus and midbrain after NM treatment in rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI). CCI was induced and rats were subsequently submitted to 10 sessions of NM, every other day, beginning 14 days after CCI. Thalamus and midbrain were analyzed for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), microglial cell OX-42, and BDNF using Immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays.Results. Thalamus and midbrain of CCI group showed increases in GFAP, OX-42, and BDNF expression compared with control group and, in contrast, showed decreases in GFAP, OX-42, and BDNF after NM when compared with CCI group. The decreased immunoreactivity for GFAP, OX-42, and BDNF in ventral posterolateral nucleus in thalamus and the periaqueductal gray in midbrain was shown by immunohistochemistry.Conclusions. These findings may improve the knowledge about the involvement of astrocytes, microglia, and BDNF in the chronic pain and show that NM treatment, which alleviates neuropathic pain, affects glial cells and BDNF expression.
Bleeding Meckel’s Diverticulum in Children: The Diagnostic Value of Double-Balloon Enteroscopy
Authors: Geng Lan-Lan , Chen Pei-Yu , Wu Qiang , Li Hui-Wen , Li Ding-You , Yang Min , Gong Si-Tang
Published: March 2017

Background. Meckel’s diverticulum (MD) is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value and safety of double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) for bleeding MD in children. Methods. We included consecutive children who were highly suspected of MD between 2012 and 2013. All patients underwent Meckel’s scan. DBE was performed for patient with negative Meckel’s scan. An exploratory laparoscopy was performed in children with positive Meckel’s scan or DBE. Results. 42 patients met the inclusion criteria. 40 patients were confirmed to have MD by exploratory laparoscopy. Meckel’s scan was positive in 36 and negative in 6, with 34 as true positives and 2 as false positives. Six patients with negative Meckel’s scan were found to have MD by retrograde DBE and had immediate operation. The distance from the diverticulum to the ileocecal valve was 40 to 60 cm. Ectopic gastric mucosa was present in all 6 patients (100%). After operation, patients were followed in clinic for 20 to 42 months and no evidence of GI bleeding or recurrent anemia was observed. Conclusions. Double-balloon enteroscopy can be a reliable diagnostic tool for bleeding Meckel’s diverticulum in children with negative Meckel’s scan.
Semitensor Product Compressive Sensing for Big Data Transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Peng Haipeng , Tian Ye , Kurths Jürgen
Published: March 2017

Big data transmission in wireless sensor network (WSN) consumes energy while the node in WSN is energy‐limited, and the data transmitted needs to be encrypted resulting from the ease of being eavesdropped in WSN links. Compressive sensing (CS) can encrypt data and reduce the data volume to solve these two problems. However, the nodes in WSNs are not only energy‐limited, but also storage and calculation resource‐constrained. The traditional CS uses the measurement matrix as the secret key, which consumes a huge storage space. Moreover, the calculation cost of the traditional CS is large. In this paper, semitensor product compressive sensing (STP‐CS) is proposed, which reduces the size of the secret key to save the storage space by breaking through the dimension match restriction of the matrix multiplication and decreases the calculation amount to save the calculation resource. Simulation results show that STP‐CS encryption can achieve better performances of saving storage and calculation resources compared with the traditional CS encryption.
Detection of Urine Metabolites in a Rat Model of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome before and after Exercise
Authors: Shao Changzhuan , Ren Yiming , Wang Zinan , Kang Chenzhe , Jiang Hongke , Chi Aiping
Published: March 2017

Purpose. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the metabolic mechanisms associated with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) via an analysis of urine metabolites prior to and following exercise in a rat model. Methods. A rat model of CFS was established using restraint-stress, forced exercise, and crowded and noisy environments over a period of 4 weeks. Behavioral experiments were conducted in order to evaluate the model. Urine metabolites were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in combination with multivariate statistical analysis before and after exercise. Results. A total of 20 metabolites were detected in CFS rats before and after exercise. Three metabolic pathways (TCA cycle; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; steroid hormone biosynthesis) were significantly impacted before and after exercise, while sphingolipid metabolism alone exhibited significant alterations after exercise only. Conclusion. In addition to metabolic disturbances involving some energy substances, alterations in steroid hormone biosynthesis and sphingolipid metabolism were detected in CFS rats. Sphingosine and 21-hydroxypregnenolone may be key biomarkers of CFS, potentially offering evidence in support of immune dysfunction and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hypoactivity in patients with CFS.
A Novel Approach for NURBS Interpolation with Minimal Feed Rate Fluctuation Based on Improved Adams‐Moulton Method
Authors: Peng Junquan , Liu Xinhua , Si Lei , Liu Jingjing
Published: March 2017

In order to reduce the feed rate fluctuation of interpolation, a novel approach for NURBS interpolation with minimal feed rate fluctuation based on improved Adams‐Moulton (IAM) method is proposed. At first, the representation and calculation of NURBS curve interpolation are described. Then, the constraints of feeding step length are firstly given out to calculate the minimal hoping feeding step length and the detailed IAM method of NURBS curve interpolation is presented. Finally, simulations and experiments are carried out to verify the feasibility and applicability of proposed IAM method.
The Interaction between HIV and Intestinal Helminth Parasites Coinfection with Nutrition among Adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Mkhize B. T. , Mabaso M. , Mamba T. , Napier C. E. , Mkhize-Kwitshana Z. L.
Published: March 2017

In South Africa few studies have examined the effects of the overlap of HIV and helminth infections on nutritional status. This cross-sectional study investigated the interaction between HIV and intestinal helminths coinfection with nutritional status among KwaZulu-Natal adults. Participants were recruited from a comprehensive primary health care clinic and stratified based on their HIV, stool parasitology, IgE, and IgG4 results into four groups: the uninfected, HIV infected, helminth infected, and HIV-helminth coinfected groups. The nutritional status was assessed using body mass index, 24-hour food recall, micro-, and macronutrient biochemical markers. Univariate and multivariate multinomial probit regression models were used to assess nutritional factors associated with singly and dually infected groups using the uninfected group as a reference category. Biochemically, the HIV-helminth coinfected group was associated with a significantly higher total protein, higher percentage of transferrin saturation, and significantly lower ferritin. There was no significant association between single or dual infections with HIV and helminths with micro- and macronutrient deficiency; however general obesity and low micronutrient intake patterns, which may indicate a general predisposition to micronutrient and protein-energy deficiency, were observed and may need further investigations.
Experimental Studies on Punching Shear and Impact Resistance of Steel Fibre Reinforced Slag Based Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Karunanithi Srinivasan
Published: March 2017

The study was focused on slag based geopolymer concrete with the addition of steel fibre. The slag based geopolymer concrete was under shear load and sudden impact load to determine its response. The punching shear represents the load dissipation of the material and the energy absorption capacity of the geopolymer concrete to impact load. The various percentage of steel fibre in the slag based geopolymer concrete was 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%. Overall the dosage 0.5% of steel fibre reinforced slag based geopolymer shows better results with a punching shear of 224 kN and 1.0% of steel fibre incorporated geopolymer concrete had the better energy absorption capacity with 3774.40 N·m for first crack toughness and 4123.88 N·m for ultimate failure toughness.
Breastfeeding after Gestational Diabetes: Does Perceived Benefits Mediate the Relationship?
Authors: Wallenborn Jordyn T. , Perera Robert A. , Masho Saba W.
Published: March 2017

Introduction. Breastfeeding is recognized as one of the best ways to decrease infant mortality and morbidity. However, women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may have breastfeeding barriers due to the increased risk of neonatal and pregnancy complications. While the prevalence of GDM is increasing worldwide, it is important to understand the full implications of GDM on breastfeeding outcomes. The current study aims to investigate the (1) direct effect of GDM on breastfeeding duration and (2) indirect effect of GDM on breastfeeding duration through perceived benefits of breastfeeding.Methods. Prospective cohort data from the Infant Feeding and Practices Study II was analyzed (N=4,902). Structural equation modeling estimated direct and indirect effects.Results. Perceived benefits of breastfeeding directly influenced breastfeeding duration (β=0.392,p≤0.001). GDM was not directly associated with breastfeeding duration or perceived benefits of breastfeeding. Similarly, GDM did not have an indirect effect on breastfeeding duration through perceived benefits of breastfeeding.Conclusions. Perceived benefits of breastfeeding are an important factor associated with breastfeeding duration. Maternal and child health care professionals should enhance breastfeeding education efforts.
Comparison of Corneal Power and Astigmatism between Simulated Keratometry, True Net Power, and Total Corneal Refractive Power before and after SMILE Surgery
Authors: Qian Yishan , Liu Yan , Zhou Xingtao , Naidu Rajeev Krishnan
Published: March 2017

Purpose. To compare the mean corneal power (Km) and total astigmatism (Ka) estimated by three methods: simulated keratometry (simK), true net power (TNP), and total corneal refractive power (TCRP) before and after femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery.Methods. A retrospective, cross-sectional study. SimK, TNP, and TCRP from a Scheimpflug analyzer were obtained from 144 patients before and 6 months after SMILE surgery. Km and Ka were recorded as the mean of individual paracentral rings of 1.0 to 8.0 mm (R1 to R8). The surgically induced changes in Km (delta-simK, delta-TNP, and delta-TCRP) and Ka (delta-simKa, delta-TNPa, and delta-TCRPa) were compared to the changes in spherical equivalent of the cycloplegic refraction (delta-SE) and astigmatism (delta-RA).Results. Preoperatively, astigmatism values were greatest with simKa from R1 to R5 and greatest with TCRPa from R6 to R8. Astigmatism values were smallest with TNPa from R1 to R7. Postoperatively, astigmatism values were greatest with simKa from R1 to R5 and greatest with TCRPa from R6 to R8. Delta-TCRP3and Delta-TCRP4matched delta-SE most closely, and delta-TCRPa3matched delta-RA most closely.Conclusions. TCRP proved to be the most accurate method in estimating corneal power and astigmatism both before and after SMILE surgery.
Measures Matter: The Local Exposure/Isolation (LEx/Is) Metrics and Relationships between Local-Level Segregation and Breast Cancer Survival
Authors: Bemanian Amin , Beyer Kirsten M.M.
Published: March 2017

Background: The Black-to-White disparity in breast cancer survival is increasing, and racial residential segregation is a potential driver for this trend. However, study findings have been mixed, and no study has comprehensively compared the effectiveness of different local-level segregation metrics in explaining cancer survival.

Methods: We proposed a set of new local segregation metrics named local exposure and isolation (LEx/Is) and compared our new local isolation metric with two related metrics, the location quotient (LQ) and the index of concentration at extremes (ICE), across the 102 largest U.S. metropolitan areas. Then, using case data from the Milwaukee, WI, metropolitan area, we used proportional hazards models to explore associations between segregation and breast cancer survival.

Results: Across the 102 metropolitan areas, the new local isolation metric was less skewed than the LQ or ICE. Across all races, Hispanic isolation was associated with poorer all-cause survival, and Hispanic LQ and Hispanic-White ICE were found to be associated with poorer survival for both breast cancer–specific and all-cause mortality. For Black patients, Black LQ was associated with lower all-cause mortality and Black local isolation was associated with reduced all-cause and breast cancer–specific mortality. ICE was found to suffer from high multicollinearity.

Conclusions: Local segregation is associated with breast cancer survival, but associations varied based on patient race and metric employed.

Impact: We highlight how selection of a segregation measure can alter study findings. These relationships need to be validated in other geographic areas. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(4); 516–24. ©2017 AACR.

See all the articles in this CEBP Focus section, “Geospatial Approaches to Cancer Control and Population Sciences.”
Reactive Retinal Astrocytic Tumor (Focal Nodular Gliosis): Report of the Clinical Spectrum of 3 Cases
Authors: Singh Arun D. , Soto Hansell , Bellerive Claudine , Biscotti Charles V.
Published: March 2017

Purpose: To report 3 cases providing insight into clinical progression of reactive retinal astrocytic tumor. Methods: The clinical, imaging, and when available, the cytologic features of 3 cases of reactive retinal astrocytic tumor (focal nodular gliosis) were reviewed. Results: A 6-year-old female, a 49-year-old man, and a 39-year-old man each developed a white retinal mass associated with laser photocoagulation, lattice degeneration, and treatment of a presumed vascular tumor, respectively. All tumors were white, circumscribed retinal masses that tended to be associated with exudation and either initially or eventually minimal vascularity. Conclusion: Reactive retinal astrocytic tumor can be observed in response to a degenerative, inflammatory, or ischemic retinal insult. Such tumors may progress after therapeutic intervention.
Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Effects of Norantea brasiliensis Choisy on Dengue Virus-2
Authors: Fialho Luciana Gomes , da Silva Vagner Pereira , Reis Sônia Regina Nogueira Ignácio , Azeredo Elzinandes Leal , Kaplan Maria Auxiliadora Coelho , Figueiredo Maria Raquel , Kubelka Claire Fernandes
Published: March 2017

Background/Aims: Severe dengue fever is a result of exacerbated immune responses and no specific treatments are available. We evaluated the antiviral and immunomodulatory effects of Norantea brasiliensis Choisy. Methods: Human adherent monocytes infected in vitro with dengue virus (DENV)-2 were incubated with the crude ethanol extract from leaves (NB1) or 3 derived fractions: dichloromethane (NB3), ethyl acetate (NB5), and butanolic (NB6) partitions. The antiviral and immunomodulatory activities were determined by intracellular detection of DENV antigen within monocytes and by secreted NS1 viral protein and cytokines. Results: The crude extract alone exhibited both antiviral activities (intracellular and secreted antigens) and all fractions derived from this extract modulated NS1 production. Regarding the immunomodulatory effect, among the secreted factors, TNF-α was inhibited by NB3 and NB6; IL-6 was inhibited by NB1, NB3, and NB6; IL-10 by NB1 and NB3; and IFN-α by NB6. The crude extract (NB1) presented the best antiviral effect, whereas the dichloromethane fraction (NB3) presented an immunomodulatory effect in the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: During in vitro DENV infection, N. brasiliensis Choisy exerts both antiviral and immunomodulatory effects that are likely associated, considering that less viral load may lead to less immunostimulation.
Benefits of High-Intensity Exercise Training to Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Controlled Study
Authors: Boeselt Tobias , Nell Christoph , Lütteken Lea , Kehr Katharina , Koepke Janine , Apelt Sandra , Veith Martina , Beutel Björn , Spielmanns Marc , Greulich Timm , Vogelmeier Claus F. , Kenn Klaus , Janciauskiene Sabina , Alter Peter , Koczulla A. Rembert
Published: March 2017

Background: Various exercise training programs are used for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of different severity. Objectives: To investigate the impact of individualized high-intensity training on exercise capacity with COPD. Methods: A total of 49 patients agreed to participate. Of these, 31 were assigned to the training group and 18 served as controls. The training group exercised twice a week for 90 min with consecutively increasing loads. At the time of enrollment (T0), as well as after 3 (T1) and 6 (T2) months, a 6-min walk test (6-MWT) was performed and data on health-related quality of life, femoral muscle thickness, and various serum markers were obtained. Results: The training group improved in their 6-MWT results (T0 = 407 ± 152 m vs. T1 = 459 ± 127 m, p = 0.002, vs. T2 = 483.2 ± 130.1 m, p = 0.004), in their cross-sectional area of the musculus rectus femoris (T0 = 6.2 ± 1.2 cm2 vs. T1 = 6.9 ± 1.2 cm2, p = 0.003, vs. 7.5 ± 1.6 cm2, p = 0.002), and in their St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score (T0 = 43.3 ± 18.0 vs. T1 = 36.0 ± 18.4, p = 0.001, vs. T2 = 34.7 ± 18. 0, p = 0.004). Serum levels of myostatin, irisin, resistin, and α-Klotho did not change significantly within the training period. Of note, the exercise group showed an inverse relationship between serum levels of resistin and those of α-Klotho after 6 months (r = -0.608, p = 0.021). Conclusions: COPD patients undergoing an individualized, structured, high-intensity training program improved their exercise capacity, gained muscle mass, and improved their quality of life.
Fisiologia e farmacologia dos músculos de Mytilus perna
Authors: Abbud Leila
Published: March 2017

Estudaram-se comparativamente a fisiolgia e a farmacologia dos músculos retrator do pé (M.R.P.) e retratores anterior e posterior do bisso (M.R.A.B. e M.R.P.B.) de Mytilus perna e os correspondentes de M. edulis. Preliminarmente, verificaram-se as diferenças anatômicas e topográficas. Registraram-se as reações dso músculos da M. perna às seguintes drogas: cloreto e brometo de Acetilcolina, cloreto e Acetil-betametilcolina (Mecolil), Nicotina, Fisostigmina, Prostigmina, cloreto de Succinilcolina, cloreto de d-Tubocurarina, triiodo-etilado de Galamina (Flaxedil), Benzoquinônio (Mitolon), sulfato de Atropina, di-hidrocloreto de Histamina, sulfato de Triptamina, 5-Hidroxi-triptamina (Serotonina), 1-Adrenalina, Pilocarpina e dietilamina do Ácido Lisérgico (LSD).
Neurosecreção em Mytilus perna (Molusco-Lamelibrânquio)
Authors: Umiji Sati
Published: March 2017

O problema estudado - a neurosecreção em Mytulus perna - foi esclarecido na sua maior parte histologicamente e complementado por dados experimentais. As técnicas de coloração seletiva para neurosecreção foram a da Fucsina Paraldeido de Gabe (1953) e as modificações de Clark (1955). Evidenciou-se a ocorrência de neurônios secretores nos três pares de gânglios nervosos: cerebróides, pedais e viscerais.
Fisioecologia e etologia de Aplysia L. (Mollusca - Opisthobranchia)
Authors: Paulo Sawaya , Leahy Winston Menezes
Published: March 2017

Diversas observações foram feitas com Aplysia brasiliana e A. dactylomela, frequentes, a primeira no litoral do Estado de São Paulo e a segunda no do Estado do Espírito Santo. Habitam a zona entre-marés em regiões de salinidade de cerca de 30% e temperatura entre 20-24ºC, onde foram estudadas e também em laboratório. Registraram-se os hábitos alimentares e de reprodução e o comportamento em diferentes condições. Quando famintos podem comer os próprios ovos. A captura, a anestesia e fixação principalmente de A. brasiliana, foram estudadas.
Ocorrência de precursores hormaonais e de hormônios tireóideos em tunicado: Dendrodoa grossularia - (Van Beneden - 1847)
Authors: Amaral Ary Domingos do
Published: March 2017

Demosntrou-se por cromatografia em camada delgada a presença de monoiodotirosina, diiodotirosina e tiroxina em extratos butanólicos da túnica e do corpo total de Dendrodoa grossularia (Van Beneden).
Influência da temperatura de aclimação sobre a composição dos ácidos graxos totais do siri azul, Callinectes sapidus rathbum 1896 (Siri)
Authors: Lunetta João Edmundo
Published: March 2017

Estudou-se a influência da temperatura de aclimação sobre a composição dos ácidos graxos extraídos de três tecidos do siri azul, Callinectes sapidus, empregando-se as modernas técnicas da cromatografia em fase gasosa.
The role of the blood system in Nemerteans
Authors: Gibson Ray
Published: March 2017

Os Nemertinos são os animais mais simples que possuem sistema sanguíneo vascular, e o presente trabalho discute, quais as evidências disponíveis para sugerir as funções do mesmo neste nível de organização. Os vários trabalhos fisiológicos feitos com o líquido sanguíneo, baseados tanto emn evidências experimentais como em morfológicas, incluem participação na respiração, osmoregulação, excreção, circulação dos hormônios e no sistema hidrostático do corpo geral. Além desses, na circulação dos peptídeos no corpo para o crescimento e manutenção em geral, e num mecanismo possível para alimentar o aparelho da proboscis, que não tem fornecimento próprio de sangue.
Osmorregulação em Aplysia brasiliana Rang, 1828 - Molusco gastrópode-Opistobrânquio - Tectibrânquio
Authors: Leahy Winston Menezes
Published: March 2017

Aplysia brasiliana submetidas a diferentes variações de salinidade de 30% (100%) a 16 % (57%) aumentam sensivelmente de peso. Em salinidades crescentes, i. é, de 16% (50%) a 30% (100%) retornam aproximadamente ao peso inicial. O esôfago isolado em banho de perfusão oxigenado, apresenta contrações espontâneas, que desaparecem quando a salinidade decresce a 20%, ou seja 6%, e reaparecem com o retorno do fluído perfusor a 30% (27%). Os sais de cálcio são essenciais à regulação osmótica deste animal.
The serotonin-like actions of some hallucinogens on a molluscan heart
Authors: Welsh John H. , Arnold Lois D.
Published: March 2017

Algumas substâncias psicodélicas representando diferentes classes de alucinogênios mimetizam mais a ação da serotonina do que as catecolaminas no coração isolado de Mercenaria mercenaria.
Behavioral aspects of Arcturella sawayae Moreira, 1973 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Valvifera)
Authors: Moreira Plínio Soares
Published: March 2017

Vários aspectos do comportamento do isópode Arcturella sawayae Moreira, 1973, são descritos e discutidos. O comportamento difere em fêmeas grávidas, quando carregando jovens nas antenas e quando já desprovidas de filhotes. O fato das fêmeas carregarem jovens nas antenas durante um certo período nada representa para a espécie em termos de maior dispersão ou sobrevivência. Os animais locomovem-se nadando ou rastejando ("crawling"). foi observado que os jovens nadam notadamente quando compelidos.
Experimental studies on physiological and behavioural response mechanisms of the planktonic copepod Euterpina acutifrons (Dana) to various salinities
Authors: Moreira G. Soares , Yamashita C.
Published: March 2017

Experimentos sobre regulação volumétrica e teste para verificação de preferência a determinadas salinidades foram realizadoscom Euterpina acutifrons (Dana). Esta espécies é muito abundante nas amostras de plâncton coletadas no Canal de São Sebastião, cerca de 23º 49,6'S e 45º 25.3'W. Experimentos sobre regulação volumétrica mostraram que E. acutifrons tem capacidade de regular o volume de seu corpo pelo menos dentro dos limites de salinidade entre 25º e 35%. Estes limites estão além daqueles comumente encontrados no biótopo onde esses copépodes foram coletados.
The planktonic copepods of the Marchile I expedition and of the "Eltanin" cruises 3-6 taken in the SE Pacific
Authors: Bjornberg Tagea K. S.
Published: March 2017

Foram obtidos 261 espécies de copépodos planctônicos de coletas oblíquas quantitativas da camada superior de 140m de espessura nas 98 estações visitadas pela expedição Marchile I assim como de 77 amostras do USARP (horizontais e verticais) obtidas ao largo da América do  Sul Ocidental. As distribuições horizontal e vertical destas espécies foram determinadas de 22º34'N até 64º54' lat. S no Pacífico SE.
Distribution of Mysidacea (Crustacea) in the Cananeia region
Authors: Almeida Prado Maria Scintila de
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho apresenta o estudo de alguns aspectos ecológicos das espécies hipopelágicas de Mysidacea, coletadas na região lagunar de Cananéia, entre Lat. 25º04'S-24º58'S e Long. 47º54'W-47º56'W.Na realização deste trabalho foram utilizadas amostras de plâncton, coletadas mensalmente em 12 estações, localizadas desde a proximidade da Barra de Cananéia até o interior dos "marigots". Coletas de plâncton foram feitas em profundidade, com rede D e, em superfície, com rede cônica de zooplâncton.É analisada a distribuição espacial das espécies de Mysidacea no estuário em relação à salinidade, oxigênio dissolvido e profundidade de coleta e a variação sazonal, em relação à temperatura.São discutidos alguns aspectos do ciclo de vida das espécies, com base na ocorrência de diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento.
Aspectos ultraestruturais da oogênese de Lytechinus variegatus (Echinoidea) com vistas a vitelogênese
Authors: Landim Carminda da Cruz , Beig Darvin
Published: March 2017

O desenvolvimento de oócitos de Lytechinus variegatus foi acompanhado ao microscópio eletrônico afim de verificar-se a maneira pela qual o vitelo é acumulado na célula e a razão de participação de material exógeno e endógeno no processo.
Um método para a avaliação das atividade de vôo em Plebeia saiqui (Friese) (Hymenoptera, Meliponinae)
Authors: Oliveira Maria Augusta Cabral de
Published: March 2017

O presente trabalho descreve um método que determina qual o melhor intervalo de tempo de observação para uma avaliação da atividade de vôo em Plebeia saiqui
Miscellaneous observations on the behaviour of Schwarziana quadripunctata (Hym., Apidae, Meliponinae)
Authors: Imperatriz Fonseca Vera Lucia
Published: March 2017

Apresentemos aqui alguns aspectos novos das atividades de rainhas virgens, rainhas grávidas e machos de Schwarziana quadripunctata. em uma colônia encontramos duas rainhas grávidas, sendo que apenas uma delas punha ovos; a principal atividade da outra rainha era o trabalho com cerume na região do tubo de entrada da colmeia. AS principais atividades dos machos na colônia eram as relacionadas com o néctar: foram observados machos desidratando néctar e trabalhando como receptores de néctar. Possivelmente o néctar seja desidratado para consumo próprio. Estes fatos não foram observados anteriormente nos Apidae sociais, onde machos não trabalham.
Preferência e seleção em cruzamentos intraespecíficos de moscas do gênero Drosophila
Authors: Magalhães Luiz Edmundo de , Querubim Maria Augusta , Mizuguchi Yoshito , Pinca Maria Alice C. , Vilela Carlos Ribeiro
Published: March 2017

Apresentamos uma breve revisão do problema do cruzamento preferencial e da seleção de cruzamento. O fenômeno da dependência da frequência no sucesso de cruzamento, quando dois tipos de machos estão competindo, descoberto por Petit, 1951 constitue o problema centralo da presente pesquisa.
Efeito do mutante "Ebony" de Drosophila melanogaster na viabilidade larval
Authors: Sene Fábio De Melo , Magalhães Luiz Edmundo de
Published: March 2017

São apresentados dados de viabilidade pré-adulta de diferentes genótipos de 100 larvas com diferentes composições.Foram usadas 4 linhagens diferentes E1 ("ebony") e B1 (selvagem) do laboratório e E2 e B2 extraídos de uma caixa de população depois de 20 gerações de competição entre alelos.Os resultados do experimento com as moscas E2 e B2 são diferentes dos obtidos em E1 e B1. A interpretação possível para as mudanças observadas é que durante a competição na população das caixas, ocorreu uma seleção que igualou o tempo de desenvolvimento das larvas. Portanto, o efeito de idade diferente de uma larva sobre outra, de outro genótipo, desapareceu.
Sobre a curva de rendimento
Authors: Santos E. P. dos
Published: March 2017

A finalidade do presente trabalho é a análise das relações entre a mortalidade e a intensidade do fator de mortalidade em projetos de preservação e erradicação de populações naturais.
Endocrinologie de la differenciation sexuelle chez les Mollusques prosobranches
Authors: Lubet P. , Streiff W. , Silberzahn N. , Drosdowsky M.
Published: March 2017

Este artigo não contém resumo.
Electron microscope studies of insect muscle. III. Variations in ultra structure
Authors: Edwards George A. , Santos Persio De Souza , Santos Helena De Souza , Sawaya Paulo
Published: March 2017

Com a finalidade de aumentar resultados anteriores e de apresentar novo material para comparar os diversos músculos de vários insetos foi feito um estudo por meio de microscópio eletrônico. Usamos 8 músculos diferentes de cada um dos 14 insetos, representativos de 8 ordens.As fibras dos músculos foram preparadas por meio de maceração em glicerina ou fixação em formol a 5%, seguida de trituração num microblendor, secagem na telinha e assombreadas com cromo a um ângulo de 12 graus. Acreditamos que um dos resultados mais importantes neste trabalho é a demonstração das variações que podem ocorrer nos músculos especializados dum dado animal. Assim, a porta acha-se aberta para outras pesquisas sôbre os vários músculos especializados de vários animais no reino animal. Parece que não existe "o músculo estriado", mas que a estrutura do músculo varia com a sua função e com a posição filogenética do animal.
A survey of haem compunds in invertebrates using the benzidine test
Authors: Mendes Erasmo G. , Knapp Elisa P.
Published: March 2017

Diversos invertebrados terrestres e marinhos pesquisados pelo teste da benzidina em buscas de compostos hêmicos, com a finalidade de estudar a correlação entre a intensidade da resposta e o grau da atividade do animal (ou de suas partes).
On a collection of brazilian land planarians
Authors: Froehlich Claudio G.
Published: March 2017

Neste trabalho são estudadas taxonômicamente planárias terrrestres coligidas em diversas exrcusões pelo Dr. Otto Schubart. O material incluia 15 espécies, das quais 6 novas. Quase todo material provém do Estado de São Paulo.
Contribuição para o estudo da neurosecreção nos crustáceos
Authors: Valente Domingos
Published: March 2017

Este artigo não contém resumo.
Sôbre a fisiologia dos músculos longitudinais de Holothuria grisea
Authors: Sawaya P. , Ancona Lopez A. A.
Published: March 2017

Demonstrou-se grande sensibilidade do m. longitudinal de H. grisea à Ach. Os ensaios fazem-se com grande rapidez, se comparados com os outros métodos usualmente preconizados na determinação do teor da Ach em extratos de tecidos.
Studies on Olividae
Authors: Marcus Eveline , Marcus Ernst
Published: March 2017

As Olividae aqui estudadas vivem na areia. Olivella verreauxii engole a presa inteira, especialmente Donax hanleyanus. Oliva sayana deglute partículas raspadas pela rádula. Olivancillaria (Lintricula) auricularia come do mesmo modo segurando a presa, principalmente Donax com o pé.
On Geoplanides from Brazil
Authors: Froehlich Claudio G.
Published: March 2017

O trabalho presente refere-se principalmente a planárias terrestres coligidas nos Estados de Santa Catarina e do Rio Grande do Sul. Entre as espécies já conhecidas são estudadas anatômicamente Geoplana marmorata Fr. Mull., G. mulleri Dies., G. carrièrei Graff e G. ladislavii Graff. G. marginata var. abundans Graff é considerada como espécie distinta, G. abundans.
Sôbre a presença de cloaca e respiração intestinal no Cascudo [Loricariidae: Plecostomus plecostomus (Linn.)]
Authors: Sawaya Paulo , Petrini Lina Maria de
Published: March 2017

As experiências e observações realizadas em Cascudos (Plecostomus plecostomus) sôbre o trato intestinal terminal e suas relações com a respiração permitem as seguintes considerações:1. Os Plecostomus são providos de uma cloaca formada por dilatação do reto, na qual se abre o seio urogenital. A cloaca se comunica com o exterior por meio do orifício anal.2. A bexiga urinária dupla septada, recebe os dutos gonadais formando o seio urogenital.3. O orifício anal anal localiza-se numa papila que constitui a papila anal, distante 8-10 mms da base da nadadeira anal.4. A penetração dos gases ou da água nos intestinos faz-se por movimentos rítmicos da papila anal perceptíveis externamente.5. Os Plecostomus utilizam provavelmente os intestinos para troca dos gases da respiração, dissolvidos na água ou existentes no ar.6. Os intestinos de Plecostomus são providos de densa rêde de capilares sanguíneos, que provém da artéria celíaca e, depois de penetrarem na parede intestinal voltando em sentido retógrado ao ponto de origem dessa artéria.7. Na luz do intestino são evidentes numerosas bôlhas gasosas que se movimentam ritmicamente acompanhando as pulsações rítmicas da papila anal
Étude au microscope electronique de jonctions neuromusculares du Crabe bleu, ("Callinectes danae", Smith)
Authors: Lavallard Roger
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho relata as primeiras observações de junções neuromusculares encontradas durante um estudo microscópio eletrônico sôbre os músculos dos maxilípodos do Sirí Azul (Callinectes Danae, Smith).
On Siphonaria hispida
Authors: Marcus Eveline , Marcus Ernst
Published: March 2017

Da Ilha Fernando de Noronha até o litoral de São Paulo (aí como picta d'Orb.) conhece-se siphonaria hispida Smith, 1890, pulmonado pateliforme com brânquia. Pertence à decção Siphonaria (s. str.) da qual é a 2º espécie atlântica. vive nas rochas, na zona das marés, raspa alga enquanto está coberta pela água e retorna ao lugar ocupado durante a vasante. Do ovo (Fig. 3) sai veliger com opérculo (ou); a concha larval (s) é ligeiramente heterostrófica.
The respiratory metabolism of tropical earthworms III. The influence of oxygen tension and temperature
Authors: Mendes Erasmo G. , Almeida Arildo M.
Published: March 2017

Este artigo não contém resumo.
Quelques données nouvelles sur la structure de tonofibrilles d'insertion musculaire chez Carcinus maenas L.
Authors: Lavallard Roger
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho relata algumas observações novas sôbre a histologia e a microscopia eletrônica de um tipo particular de inserção muscular em um Crustáceo Decápodo, Carcinus maenas L.
Sôbre Lagenidae e Nodosariidae recentes do Brasil (Foraminifera)
Authors: Narchi Walter
Published: March 2017

Das famílias Lagenidae e Nodosariidae foram descritas 59 espécies. Destas 6 são novas e uma foi separada de espécie duvidosamente determinada. Das 52 espécies conhecidas, 26 do Atlântico Meridional são pela primeira vez assinaladas no presente trabalho.
Body temperatures in two brazilian primates
Authors: Morrison Peter , Simões Jr. J.
Published: March 2017

O ciclo de temperatura corpórea diário do saguí Callithrix jacchus (4 o) tem uma amplitude de 4,3ºC, cêrca de 2 vêzes a observada em outros primatas e mais elevada em qualquer outro mamífero. O máximo foi às 9,30 horas (39,7 mais ou menos 0,98º) e o mínimo foi às 1,30 horas (35,4 mais ou menos 0,4º)
On Uncancylus ticagus
Authors: Marcus Eveline Du Bois-Reymond , Marcus Ernst
Published: March 2017

A espécie encontrada em aquários no Departmento de Zoologia da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras da Universidade de São Paulo tem concha de até 6,5 mm de comprimento, com ápice achatado, finamente pontilhado. O comprimento da cúspide principal esquerda, no dente central da rádula, ultrapassa o da direita. A cavidade do manto é larga, e o animal serve-se dela para respiração de ar.
On brazilian supratidal and estuarine snails
Authors: Marcus Eveline Du Bois-Reymond , Marcus Ernst
Published: March 2017

No litoral de São Paulo, Melampus coffeus (L.) vive acima da linha das marés regulares, debaixo de pedras e pedaçõs de madeira, entre fôlhas caídas no solo, assim como sôbre as raízes e troncos e debaixo da casca das árvores dos manguezais. Os caracóis necessitam de humidade e de proteção contra luz intensa.
Acetylcholine in the larval food, honey and stored pollen of a stingless bee, Melipona quadrifasciata
Authors: Welsh John H. , Nogueira-Neto Paulo , Jaeger Celso P. , Ancona Lopez Ana Amélia
Published: March 2017

Com o emprêgo de diversos métodos, verificou-se que o alimento da larva Melipona quadrifasciata contêm quantidades de acetilcolina equivalentes entre 0,5 e 2,0 mg de cloreto de acetilcolina por grama de alimento. quantidades semelhantes foram registradas no alimento da larva de abelha Apis mellifera.
On two Ellobiidae from Southern Brazil
Authors: Marcus Eveline Du Bois-Reymond , Marcus Ernst
Published: March 2017

Ellobium pellucens (Menke, 1830) e Blauneria heteroclita (Montagu, 1808) foram encontrados en Cananéia (25º 01' S, 47º 50' W). A 1º espécie é nova para o Brasil, a 2º, para o continente sul-americano. Ambas são lucífugas, e vivem no solo coberto por gramíneas altas (50 cm), um pouco acima da preamar regular; Baluneria era especialmente numerosa entre troncos de bananeiras amontoados na praia.
Carbon monoxide and oxygen uptake by the tissues: a study in the earthworm
Authors: Mendes Erasmo G. , Almeida Arildo M. de
Published: March 2017

Procurou-se determinar se relações de CO/CO2 grandes, agindo através do animal intacto, afetam a respiração celular, conduzindo a um adepressão respiratória global.
Sobre o genero Siphonops Wagler (1828) - Amphibia-Apoda-, com descripção de duas variedades novas: S. annulatus (Mikan) var. marmoratus e S. paulensis Boettg. var. maculatus
Authors: Sawaya Paulo
Published: March 2017

Revisão do genero Siphonops com descrição de S. annulatus var. marmoratus e S. paulensis var. maculatus. Nova tabella para classificação. Resumo zoogeographico e notas sobre a histologia do tegumento e sobre a biologia do genero.
Bryozoarios marinhos brasileiros II
Authors: Marcus Ernst
Published: March 2017

Não consta resumo no artigo.
Pesquisas anátomo-comparativas sobre o foramen aesophagicum do diafragma em mamíferos silvestres brasileiros
Authors: Locchi R.
Published: March 2017

Não consta resumo no artigo
Sobre o veneno das glandulas cutaneas, a secreção e o coração de Siphonops annulatus
Authors: Sawaya Paulo
Published: March 2017

Não consta resumo no artigo.
Sôbre Bryozoa do Brasil
Authors: Marcus Ernst
Published: March 2017

O presente trabalho é o resultado de pesquisas sôbre os Bryozoa brasileiros, em continuação às já publicadas nos Boletins da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras da Universidade de São Paulo, Zoologia nº 1, 2 e 3.
Sôbre a respiração (esofágica, traquéal e cutânea) do Siphonops annulatus (Amphibia-Gymnophiona)
Authors: Mendes Erasmo Garcia
Published: March 2017

Algumas observações e experimentos foram feitos sobre os sistemas circulatório e respiratório de Siphonops annulatus.
Sôbre a Briozoofauna duma Santóla, Mithrax hispidus (Herbst)
Authors: Guimarães Maria Stella , Rosa Carlos Nobre
Published: March 2017

De São Vicente, próximo a Santos, recebemos uma santóla de sexo masculino, de porte elevado. Despertou nosso interesse, não somente por ser de ocorrência infrequente no litoral de Santos, mas, também, por se achar incrustada por numerosas espécies dos Bryozoa Cheilostomata.