bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ factors for accommodating creative knowledge: insights from Dublin's ‘creative class’
Authors: Murphy Enda , Redmond Declan
Published: January 2024

The idea of the creative knowledge city has received considerable attention in the last number of years, not only in the academic literature but also from urban policymakers. Much of the attention has centred on the ‘creative class’ thesis and its relevance for regional economic growth. By taking the thesis at face value, this paper empirically analyses the extent to which Dublin’s creative knowledge workers conform or otherwise to the characteristics of the ‘creative class’. Thus, we investigate the satisfaction of Dublin’s creative knowledge workers with the ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ factors associated with the city’s living environment. We also analyse the most important reasons attracting creative knowledge workers to the Dublin region. In addition, the paper also explores the mobility of Dublin’s creative knowledge workers within the context of locational and workplace mobility. The results show that workers within the creative knowledge class are attracted to Dublin on the basis of classic factors: employment availability, family and birthplace. ‘Soft’ factors play an important role in the decision-making process of only a small minority of workers.
Geographic information in eLocal government: evaluating online mapping applications in Irish local authorities
Authors: Roiste Mairead de
Published: January 2024

This paper evaluates geographic applications provided on Irish local government websites through the application of a method developed by Campagna and Deplano (2004). This method assesses geographic applications against categories of content and technology with reference to public participation. Results from this and previous studies are used to produce a cross-country comparison between Ireland, Italy and Denmark. Irish geographic applications are generally static and represent traditional offline services, such as development plan maps. However, Ireland’s provision of geographic applications online offers a similar level of content and technological complexity compared with the two other European examples. However, unlike Italy and Denmark, Ireland does not provide any applications which facilitate the download of data. A technologically oriented provision of one-way information dissemination (rather than a communicative, interactive or information sharing approach) has been taken by the majority of local governments in the three countries. While the online provision of printed material may ease access, this is unlikely to lead to increased public participation. The focus remains on information provision not information sharing. Encouraging public participation through eGovernment will require a more fundamental rethinking of local governance with a greater focus on providing the means to participate online.
The transformation of inner Dublin: exploring new residential populations within the inner city
Authors: Howley Peter , Clifford Brian
Published: January 2024

The recent policy emphasis towards promoting inner urban living has been successful in attracting large numbers of new residents back into Dublin’s inner city. Utilising data from a household survey, focus groups and census data, this paper provides key insights into the changes that are occurring in the central area of Dublin city. In particular, this paper highlights how the recent population influx has not only led to a rapid physical redevelopment of the inner city but also helped to create a new social population, one that is much younger, affluent and ethnically diverse than members of older more established communities. In addition, this paper identifies possible problems relating to the long-term sustainability of these newly regenerated residential environments within the inner city.
Segregation and territoriality: comments on Waterman
Authors: Storey David
Published: January 2024

A recent edition of this journal included a retrospective appraisal of Fred Boal’s classic 1969 paper on territoriality in Belfast. The section includes a short comment piece from Waterman (2008) focusing on issues of segregation in Israel. While acknowledging that Waterman’s contribution is more in the way of brief reflections rather than a rigorous paper, it does raise some issues worthy of comment.
Examining the factors associated with depression at the small area level in Ireland using spatial microsimulation techniques
Authors: Morrissey Karyn , Hynes Stephen , Clarke Graham , O’Donoghue Cathal
Published: January 2024

The World Health Organisation (WHO) predicts that, world-wide, depression will be the second largest source of burden of disease by 2020. It is currently estimated that approximately 300,000 Irish people experience depression. To date no research has been carried out on the small area incidence of depression in Ireland. Although research has looked at access levels to acute psychiatric hospitals for each electoral division (ED) in Ireland, there is currently no research on the accessibility of mental health services to individuals with depression. This paper aims to address this gap in the literature. First, a simple logistic regression model is used to identify the determinants of depression at the national level. Secondly, the spatial distribution of individuals with depression is estimated at the small area, ED level using a spatial microsimulation model. Finally, a spatial interaction model is used to analyse access to acute inpatient facilities at the national level and community-based facilities for individuals with depression at the sub-national level. The policy implications of these results are discussed in relation to both the health care literature and current Irish health care policy.
Re-knotting Ireland in late Celtic Tiger times – the enhanced terrestrial nodality of Dublin airport
Authors: Horner Arnold
Published: January 2024

Some aspects of a more ‘joined-up’ Ireland, produced by continuing roads improvements since 2000, are briefly reviewed. New long-distance high-performance routes, in conjunction with road improvements around Dublin city, have facilitated direct access to Dublin airport and have given the airport an enhanced terrestrial nodality. Coach services to the airport now run 24/7, providing access to early morning flights. These developments, and the increasing dominance of Dublin airport, are discussed as evidence of how the geography of Ireland responds to the time-space opportunities afforded by the new roads system.
Sustainable consumption and governance: reflecting on a research agenda for Ireland
Authors: Davies Anna , Fahy Frances , Rau Henrike , Pape Jessica
Published: January 2024

Contemporary consumption represents an archetypal ‘wicked problem’, being linked to climate change, biodiversity loss and resource depletion, while also functioning as a cultural signifier and a driver of economic growth and innovation. The Janus-faced nature of consumption is an important indicator of the complexity facing those who aspire to encouraging more sustainable consumption patterns. This paper argues that there are outstanding, and related, areas of contention that need further research in order to generate a more comprehensive and coherent picture of consumption and how it may be made more sustainable. In essence attention needs to be paid to the practices of consumption, its governance and also how practices and governance interact. This paper examines everyday practices and their regulation in two key areas of consumption in Ireland - how we get around (transport) and how we live in our homes (heating/cooling, lighting, cleaning and eating) - to identify current gaps in social science research. In conclusion a multi-pronged research framework for approaching these lacunae is outlined.
Exploring the significance of Polish shops within the Irish foodscape
Authors: Coakley Linda
Published: January 2024

Since 2004, Polish food has become firmly embedded in the Irish foodscape as Polish shops opened up in cities and towns across Ireland. The aim of this article is to develop an understanding of the significance and meaning of these Polish shops within the Irish foodscape. In order to achieve this I will take a more-than representational approach focusing on the practices, sensory reactions and material interactions Poles have within these stores and with their food products. The article will draw on ethnographic observations and semi-structured interviews with Polish migrants to explore their experiences. Attention to these details reveals how Polish shops become meaningful within the Irish foodscape for providing a sense of home to Polish migrants living in Ireland.
The potato in Ireland's evolving agrarian landscape and agri-food system
Authors: D’Arcy Alice
Published: January 2024

The scale, structure and impacts of food systems in Ireland have changed dramatically over the last several hundred years, predominantly since the mechanisation and intensification of farming began in the late nineteenth century. The transformation of the potato production system, which for the preceding century had dominated the Irish diet, was particularly dramatic. The time from the introduction of the potato c. 1600 to its catastrophic decline in the mid-1800s, represented a period of Irish agriculture distinctly at odds with what came before and after, involving as it did complete dependence on a single crop system. Despite devastating crop losses suffered in the nineteenth century and particularly associated with the Great Famine, the potato remained agriculturally significant in Ireland. From the late 1800s onwards the system underwent a transition towards the highly mechanised, specialised, intensive and market-oriented agri-industrial food systems of today. This new high input-high output system was accompanied by an expansion in environmental impacts extending from local to global scales. This article addresses that transition in the role and impacts of the potato in Ireland, from its introduction to the present day.
A transnational migrant circuit: Remittances from Ireland to Brazil
Authors: Maher Garret
Published: January 2024

Labour migration is a key cog within an increasingly globalised world. A sustained period of economic growth in Ireland from the mid-1990s until the global downturn in 2008 created a high demand for labour which was previously unknown. At the 1996 census, Ireland had for the first time in its recent history became a country of large-scale immigration and rapidly became a destination of choice for many new labour migrants. This research focuses on remittances among Brazilian transnational labour migrants (both documented and undocumented) from a rural area in Ireland to their area of origin. The data comes from interviews and questionnaires undertaken in both Ireland and Brazil. The article outlines the different types of remittances, from monetary to goods in kind, and identifies the motives behind a migrant’s decision to remit. The findings presented relate to the varying purposes for which remittance are used, their impacts once received in the area of origin and whether specific remitting patterns are linked to altruistic or self-interested motives.
Reflections on the science and art of using a GIS to locate a new national children's hospital in Ireland: Comments on Houghton
Authors: Murphy Enda , Killen James E.
Published: January 2024

In a recent paper published in this journal, Houghton (2009) criticises the use of GIS as a decision-support tool for public health research and inter alia criticises our work on accessibility issues surrounding the location of a new national children’s hospital (Murphy and Killen 2007). Houghton’s work demands comment, not just because it criticises our work but, more fundamentally, because his comments imply a misunderstanding of GIS as a technique for informing decisions. In addition, a number of Houghton’s criticisms, for example relating to the choice, measurement and weighting of variables, apply to virtually any piece of research in the social sciences. They are not issues relating to GIS per se even though they may be incorporated within a specific GIS.
Community, difference and identity: The case of the Irish in Sheffield
Authors: Casey Rionach
Published: January 2024

There is a growing body of research in racial and ethnic studies on the processes of identity construction within minority ethnic populations. This article seeks to build on this work by analysing emerging collective identity formations in an ‘invisible’ minority ethnic group. Based upon focus groups and in-depth interviews with Irish people in Sheffield, the article aims to advance three key arguments. First, the concept of community is central to an Irish collective identity, but is negotiated in a multiplicity of ways. Second, Irish collective identity has been shaped not only by demographic differences but by shared experiences of non-recognition and stereotyping. Third, there is a simultaneous assertion of an Irish identity running parallel with a perception that the ‘traditional’ Irish community may have to re-invent itself in response to changing demographics at the local level. The paper concludes by considering the implications of these arguments for an understanding of Irish ethnicity in multicultural Britain.
A pragmatic assessment of government support for organic agriculture in Ireland
Authors: Duram Leslie A.
Published: January 2024

Drawing on a pragmatic approach, this paper provides an analysis of government support for organic farming in Ireland. Varying levels of encouragement and programmes are provided to farmers in their conversion from conventional to organic production, and in their maintenance of organic production. As support policies vary across regions and are linked to European Union legislation, it is challenging to document the many types of support in place. This paper investigates relevant technical, financial, and policy support available to organic farmers in Ireland. As an exploratory study, it develops an assessment of Ireland within eight key categories of organic agricultural support: policy, leadership, technical support, financial support, research, education and information, marketing and promotion, and future outlook. Information and data from the Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (DAFF), the Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority (Teagasc), and other government and semi-governmental agencies were utilized to assess the level of support in each category. This assessment provides key findings which will allow policymakers, organizations and citizens to better understand the current situation and set a path for the future development of organic farming in Ireland.
The Divider Dimensions of the Irish Coast
Authors: McCartney Mark , Abernethy Gavin , Gault Lisa
Published: January 2024

A set of 50 1:50,000 scale Ordnance Survey maps which cover the entire coastline of Ireland, and a single 1:850,000 scale map are used to perform a divider dimension analysis over step lengths from 100 m to 10 km (using the 1:50,000 scale maps) and 17 km to 170 km (using the 1:850,000 scale map). The coastline is divided into 39 stretches and a divider dimension analysis is performed on each. A variation of divider dimension is found as the coast in traversed, with the dimension tending to be higher on the western coast. The combined data from all the maps is used to create a Richardson plot which allows a power law to be produced to estimate the length of the Irish coast over step lengths ranging from 100 m to 100 km.
Climate change: Positioning Ireland, positioning geography
Authors: Sweeney John
Published: January 2024

The exposed location of Ireland has always rendered it vulnerable to weather and climate extremes. Awareness that future climate change will pose a complex mix of impacts necessitates strategic thinking on how best adaptation to future conditions can be achieved for Ireland. This extended introduction to seven papers examines how different perspectives and tools can be brought to bear on the problem. First, a historical context is needed to learn from past mistakes and inform future strategy. Current uncertainties are then addressed with reference to hydrological modelling where the need to act in advance of scientific certainty is emphasised. Analytical techniques involving satellite remote sensing and climate envelope modelling are then shown to have considerable utility for managing valuable habitats and biodiversity change. Weaknesses in governance systems are highlighted with reference to the Cork floods of November 2009, and at a local government level, where an urgent need for leadership at a central government level to drive the climate change agenda is identified. The interdisciplinary position of geography is seen to offer many advantages to contribute to progress in the climate change arena.
Identifying volcanic signals in Irish temperature observations since AD 1800
Authors: Galvin Stephen D. , Hickey Kieran R. , Potito Aaron P.
Published: January 2024

Large volcanic eruptions have been shown to affect temperature patterns to varying degrees on continental, hemispheric or global scales. However, few studies have systematically explored the influence of volcanic eruptions on temperatures at a local, Irish level. The focus of this paper is to determine the impacts of five high-magnitude low-latitude volcanic eruptions and one such Icelandic event on Irish climate over the past _200 years. Daily temperature data from the Armagh Observatory, Co. Armagh, Northern Ireland was used to assess the influence of volcanic eruptions on seasonal and yearly values through time. The paper explores volcanically-induced temperature trends by filtering out the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and solar variability, and goes on to employ a variation of Superposed Epoch Analysis to identify which seasons and years are most significantly affected by large volcanic eruptions. Armagh temperatures proved particularly responsive in the spring, with a significant decrease in values in the four years following an eruption. Winter temperatures also exhibited a volcanic influence, with a small initial increase in the year of and year following an eruption, and a significant decrease in residual temperature in years two and three after the event.
Object oriented classification of disturbance on raised bogs in the Irish Midlands using medium- and high-resolution satellite imagery
Authors: Connolly John , Holden Nick M.
Published: January 2024

Raised bogs in the Irish Midlands are spatially extensive and disturbed. Peatland disturbance is relatively easy to identify on the ground, but it is difficult to quantify and more difficult to systematise a method of isolating where disturbance has occurred. The extent of raised bogs was delineated from the Derived Irish Peat Map version 2. An object-oriented approach was used to produce maps of disturbance type from medium- (IRS) and high-resolution (Geoeye-1 and Ikonos) imagery. The main disturbance types identified were conversion to pasture, afforestation, draining, cutover and cutaway peatlands. The medium resolution imagery was useful for examining peatland disturbance over large areas, but there was added value in developing maps using high resolution imagery. The overall accuracy assessment for the disturbance maps was between 62% and 90%. This method allows for the extent and severity of disturbance to be identified, which is a critical issue for quantification and security of the peatland carbon stock. The method was applied in Ireland’s raised bogs but could be applied to peatland areas anywhere in the world.
Multi-level climate policies in Ireland
Authors: McGloughlin Jackie S. , Sweeney John
Published: January 2024

Global greenhouse gas concentrations continue to rise even though there are binding international agreements and national commitments for emission reductions. While some states and local governments around the world are taking action to reduce emissions and adapt to the inevitable climate change impacts, overall collective goals are not being realised and this implementation gap may be due to multi-level governance failures. To date there has been limited research of Irish climate measures, with a significant gap at the sub-national level. This research explores whether city and county councils are the lowest most effective level for climate change actions in Ireland through a nationwide survey and a review of all relevant government policies at local, regional and national levels. The study reveals that local climate measures are isolated best-practice examples rather than being widespread throughout the country. This study concludes that there is limited vertical integration among Irish government levels as evidenced by survey responses from local authority staff members, limited incorporation of higher-level objectives into local policy documents, and limited details in national level policies as to local level implementation. Similar to municipalities in other countries, Irish local authorities face challenges which are hindering their advancement of climate measures. If the higher-level collective goals are to be achieved in Ireland, the national government will need to drive forward the climate change agenda with formalised commitments and mandatory local implementation.
The 1911 Census and Dublin city: A spatial analysis
Authors: Connor Dylan , Mills Gerald , Moore-Cherry Niamh
Published: January 2024

One hundred years ago, a complete census of Ireland was taken as part of a larger census of the UK. The information gathered included details on every person compiled by household and by house address. This data included the name, sex, age, religion, place of birth and relationship to others in the household. As it transpired, this was the last census of the population for the entire island; the next census took place in 1926 and was of the newly formed Irish Free State. The original forms, which consisted of individual records compiled into tables for each house address, were digitised recently by the National Archives of Ireland. This provided an opportunity to undertake a geographical study of the 1911 Census in its centenary year. This research uses the records available for inner city Dublin to describe its social and demographic make-up 100 years ago. The paper highlights the variations that existed within the urban core and identifies four distinct ‘Dublins’ that existed at the time.
Forestry in Ireland: An examination of individuals’ preferences and attitudes towards the non-market benefits of forests
Authors: Howley Peter , Ryan Mary , Donoghue Cathal O.
Published: January 2024

In addition to their importance for timber production, Ireland’s forests represent a multi-faceted resource that enhances the environment, promotes biodiversity, sequesters atmospheric carbon and facilitates recreational activity. Within this context, the overall aim of this paper is to examine some of the non-market - or rather non-timber production related - benefits of forests. Forestry investment has been identified as a means of promoting economic development in rural areas. The survey results presented here suggest that there are likely to be substantial public good benefits to the promotion of the forestry sector. More specifically, given the frequency of visits nationally, forest parks are shown to be a recreational resource which is highly valued by the general public. Results suggest, however, that individuals are not a homogeneous group with regard to their use of forest parks as there are significant differences between likely users and non-users. In terms of visual amenity, the general public rated forest landscape elements quite highly relative to a variety of other landscape elements. For the most part, those surveyed did not feel that too much of the country’s land area was currently in forestry use. Finally, respondents held the biodiversity and carbon sequestration benefits of forestry to be more important than benefits in terms of timber production.
The historic record of cold spells in Ireland
Authors: Hickey Kieran
Published: January 2024

This paper assesses the long historical climatological record of cold spells in Ireland stretching back to the 1st millennium BC. Over this time period cold spells in Ireland can be linked to solar output variations and volcanic activity both in Iceland and elsewhere. This provides a context for an exploration of the two most recent cold spells which affected Ireland in 2009_2010 and in late 2010 and were the two worst weather disasters in recent Irish history. These latter events are examined in this context and the role of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and declining Arctic sea-ice levels are also considered. These recent events with detailed instrumental temperature records also enable a re-evaluation of the historic records of cold spells in Ireland.
Rhetoric of ‘Buy Irish Food’ campaigns: speaking to consumer values to valorise the ‘local’ and exclude ‘others’?
Authors: Carroll Bridin E.
Published: January 2024

Drives to (re-)localise the system of food provisioning have arisen and proliferated in recent times, chiefly in response to the negative consequences of the prevailing global food system. Due to this, but also since Ireland has begun to experience economic difficulties, many ‘Buy Irish Food’ campaigns have emerged and although not a new phenomenon, their recent (re-)emergence and abundance are notable. Drawing on discourses of sustainability, sustainable consumption and geographical scales, this paper aims to critically analyse the nature of these campaigns and the persuasive arguments upon which these promotions are based. Following a review of the literature on values of consumers in Ireland towards Irish and local food, a thematic analysis is employed to determine the key rhetorical discourses which are common to three case study ‘Buy Irish Food’ campaigns. The research revealed instances of conflating ‘Irish’ and ‘local’ by consumers and more commonly by those involved in the promotion of Irish food, in addition to a reliance on local food rhetoric and spatial valorisation to the detriment of ‘others’. Drawing on these findings, the paper concludes by proffering a future research agenda, which highlights the need to investigate the effects of such exclusions as well as a need for comparative research to potentially consider the Irish case study in the context of patriotic purchasing rhetoric from places considered to be geographically similar to Ireland.
The dry channels at Ballyfoyle, Co. Kilkenny: a relict landscape of subglacial water
Authors: Hegarty Susan
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the geomorphology of a suite of deep channels around the village of Ballyfoyle on the Castlecomer Plateau, Co. Kilkenny, and suggests a mechanism for their formation. The channels were mapped using a 10-m digital terrain model and ground truthed in the field. The channel locations were superimposed on a bedrock map of the area. Sediments within two passages of the nearby Dunmore Cave were also examined. While the cave sediments represent flow within a karstic system from a stream with its origin outside of the cave system itself, and possibly indicate subglacial flow, the adjacent channels are all eroded into bedrock that would have acted as a poor aquifer beneath the glacier. The channels are therefore interpreted as subglacial meltwater channels. The paper suggests that the aquifer characteristics were important in determining themethod of subglacial hydrology present during glaciation in this area.
Arnold Horner and the study of Irish cartographic history
Authors: Andrews John J.
Published: January 2024

The subject of Arnold Horner’s undergraduate dissertation in 1968 was a mideighteenth-century manuscript atlas depicting estates in Co. Kildare. Since then, nearly half his scholarly publications have dealt with various aspects of early Irish mapmaking. For 40 years and more he has also been committed to teaching and research in mainstream human geography. Far from being in any way competitive, these two interests, map-
The energy budget of the urban surface: two locations in Dublin
Authors: Keogh Stephanie , Mills Gerald , Fealy Rowan
Published: January 2024

Urban areas generate distinctive climates that are revealed in the statistics of wind, temperature, humidity and so on. These properties are the result of energy exchanges between the atmosphere and underlying urban surface, which is the focus of physical climatology studies. These exchanges form an energy budget (EB), which includes radiation exchanges (both solar and terrestrial), the turbulent fluxes of sensible and latent heat and the energy transferred to the substrate by conduction. An evaluation of these exchanges and their spatial variation is essential to explaining the effect that cities have on climate at all scales. However, observing these exchanges is difficult and requires both sensitive equipment and careful placement to ensure representative readings. This paper presents some initial results on the EB over two urban surfaces in Dublin, one a densely built urban site near the city centre and the other a mature, well vegetated, suburban site. The results demonstrate the effects of different urban surface features on surface-air exchanges. The objective hysteresis model is also employed to evaluate the energy balance residual. Results show good agreement between modelled and residual values. Although there have been studies on Dublin’s urban climate, most notably its urban heat island (UHI), there has been no prior study of the energetic processes responsible for this local climate change. This research programme, for which initial results are presented in this paper, is one of the few studies globally that will maintain long-term measurements (five years) of urban EBs.
The implications of cloud cover for vegetation seasonality monitoring across the island of Ireland using the MERIS Global Vegetation Index (MGVI)
Authors: O’Connor Brian , Dwyer Edward , Cawkwell Fiona
Published: January 2024

Seven years of the MERIS Global Vegetation Index (MGVI) data have been obtained for a national-scale study of vegetation seasonality in Ireland from 2003 to 2009. The selection of an appropriate composite period for the daily MGVI data was guided by in situ observations of vegetation spring greening and cloud cover from two representative point locations across the island. A period of 10 days was selected as an optimum, minimising the amount of cloud cover across the island while still capturing vegetation seasonality change. Short-term variation in the MGVI time series after time-compositing had been applied was found to be unrelated to vegetation dynamics, suggesting that external factors, such as cloud cover compromise the quality of daily MGVI values. A verification study, using the METEOSAT Cloud Mask (CLM), was conducted to validate this hypothesis. The results suggest that for 7 out of 10 MGVI images over half the values may be in error due to the presence of cloud cover, indicating that the MERIS cloud screening approaches are sub-optimal for conditions experienced over Ireland. A review of the MGVI atmospheric model indicates that MERIS atmospheric corrections may only partially correct for scattering by aerosols or absorption by water vapour.
Changing Ireland, 2000–2012: immigration, emigration and inequality
Authors: Gilmartin Mary
Published: January 2024

At the start of the twenty-first century, there have been significant changes in patterns of migration to and from Ireland. This paper provides a comprehensive account of available statistics on these migration patterns, and assesses the quality of this information, highlighting issues with the measurement of migrant flow in particular. The paper also provides information on migrant stock in Ireland, drawing on detailed information from the 2002, 2006 and 2011 Censuses, and shows how available data sources might illuminate the relationship between migration and inequality.
Heatwaves and mortality in Ireland, planning for the future
Authors: Pascal Mathilde , Sweeney John , Cullen Elizabeth , Schwartz Joel , Goodman Patrick
Published: January 2024

Climate change enhances the vulnerability of Ireland to extreme weather events in terms of potential adverse health impacts. To examine this, the mortality impacts of heatwaves between 1981 and 2006 were analysed, with particular reference to potential differences occurring between urban and rural areas. Heatwaves were identified during five summers: 1983, 1984, 1995, 2003 and 2006. Episodes in the 1980s were seen to have had a greater impact, especially July 1983, with 115 excess deaths recorded in rural areas. Only 14 excess deaths were reported in 2006 and none in 2003. Overall, 294 excess deaths were attributed to heatwaves. Heat is a moderate but real risk in Ireland. In the future, with climate change and the ageing of the population, it may be that more severe heat episodes will result in a larger mortality burden. It is recommended that the relevance of setting up an appropriate heat prevention plan should be considered in Ireland.
An investigation into environmental waste enforcement in Ireland
Authors: Palomo-Navarro Alvaro , McDermott Aidan , Dooley John , Farrell Ronan
Published: January 2024

Despite a number of campaigns conducted in Ireland to increase awareness about appropriate waste management, waste enforcement is still a significant issue. Decisions such as the privatisation of waste collection services and the introduction of new waste charges have contributed to some of the classic waste enforcement issues, like illegal dumping. In addition, the current economic recession affects the resources that local authorities have available to implement enforcement actions. In order to analyse the current situation of waste enforcement in Ireland, a survey was carried out amongst the 34 environmental departments within the Irish local authorities. This paper presents the survey findings. From the results, the principal current waste enforcement issues are extracted and compared with previous studies in the field. In addition, an analysis of the resources employed with regard to technology, personnel, legal prosecutions and best practices is also performed. The technologies and practices used are evaluated for efficiency at reducing the main illegal actions, such as illegal dumping, and compared to international best practices. Finally, the actions carried out by the local authorities in terms of public awareness and environmental education are reviewed.
Measuring the sustainability of a national economy. The application of three measures of sustainability to Ireland.
Authors: Curry Robin , Maguire Cathy , Baird Jim
Published: January 2024

An assessment of the sustainability of the Irish economy has been carried out using three methodologies, enabling comparison and evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of each, and potential synergies among them. The three measures chosen were economy-wide Material Flow Analysis (MFA), environmentally extended input-output (EE-IO) analysis and the Ecological Footprint (EF). The research aims to assess the sustainability of the Irish economy using these methods and to draw conclusions on their effectiveness in policy making both individually and in combination. A theoretical description discusses the methods and their respective advantages and disadvantages and sets out a rationale for their combined application. The application of the methods in combination has provided insights into measuring the sustainability of a national economy and generated new knowledge on the collective application of these methods. The limitations of the research are acknowledged and opportunities to address these and build on and extend the research are identified. Building on previous research, it is concluded that a complete picture of sustainability cannot be provided by a single method and/or indicator.
Párhuzamba hozható-e a Dabas–Templom-domb lelőhelyen talált angyalábrázolásos amulett az orosz „змеевик” amulettekkel?
Authors: Fejes Bella
Published: January 2024

Dabas Templom-domb lelőhelyen a 2020-as ásatási szezonban találtak egy középkori sír sírföldjében a feltárók egy bronz amulettet. Kopottsága miatt a rajta lévő ábrázolások nehezen kivehetőek voltak, ugyanakkor így is észlelhető az előlapi ábrázoláson az emberi, szárnyas alak valamilyen bottal a kezében. Dolgozatom szempontjából, mégis a hátlapi, amorf motívum az érdekes, mivel ez kizárja annak lehetőségét, hogy a megtalált tárgy idézőbillog legyen. Már a feltárók is rámutattak, hogy a Rusz felé, pontosabban az óorosz „змеевики”, vagyis „kígyófészek” amulettek irányába lehetne elindítani a kutatást. Értekezésemben először is nagyon röviden áttekintem mik is az amulettek. Ezt követően taglalom az óorosz „kígyófészek” amulettek kutatását, a felállított tipológiákat, valamint a rajtuk megjelenő motívumokat. A lezárásban bemutatom a Magyarországon talált amuletett. Végezetül pedig, hogy miért látom úgy, a hazánk területén talált amulett párhuzamba állítható az óorosz „змеевики” amulettekkel. Mindazonáltal meg kell jegyezni még azt, hogy ez a tárgytípus további kutatási lehetőségeket vonzhat magával.
Korai magyar temetkezés a Dnyeszter középső folyása menti Frumuşica falunál
Authors: Kvitnyickij Makszim V. , Tyelnov Nyikolaj P. , Szinyika Vitalij Sz. , Türk Attila
Published: January 2024

A Fekete-tenger északnyugati előterében korai magyarokhoz köthető temetkezések leletkörét csak az elmúlt másfél évtizedben sikerült biztosan azonosítani. A korábban publikált és ebbe a régészeti horizontba sorolható lelőhelyek között ismert a Frumuşica falu közelében feltárt sír, amelyet 1975-ben a Középső-Dnyeszter jobb partján fedeztek fel. A temetkezést először 1981-ben publikálták és az Arany Horda időszakára keltezték. A leletegyüttesben ismert egy vaskés, egy csiholó és kova, az egykori íjon elhelyezett csontlemezek, vas nyílhegyek, továbbá kiemelkedő lelet a nyíltegezről származó díszített csontlemezek. A leletanyag elemzése azt mutatta, hogy a sír a korai magyar leletkörhöz köthető harcos-íjász temetkezése. A temetkezési rítus elemei és a leletanyag kronológiája lehetővé teszi, hogy ezt az általunk itt részletesebben bemutatott lelőhelyet egészen biztosan a 9. század – 10. század első harmadának északnyugat-fekete-tengeri régióban vizsgált korai magyar sírok csoportjához soroljuk.
A hálózatok működésben : A 10. századi tarsolylemezek elterjedésének kérdésköre
Authors: Gáll Erwin
Published: January 2024

A honfoglalás kor anyagi kultúrájának talán a legfontosabb ikonikus eleme a tarsolyt fedő és díszítő, sok esetben aranyozott hátterű ezüstből készített lemez. Nem meglepően erről a tárgyról számos elemzés készült, elsősorban magyarországi régészek részéről. Makrogeográfiai szempontból, a kora középkorra keltezhető tarsolylemezek legnagyobb mennyisége a Kárpát-medencéből ismert, de „Kelet-Európából” is egyre több példány kerül elő. A kronológiai elemzésünk alapján egyetlen Kárpát-medencei tarsolylemez földbekerülését sem tudjuk a 920–930-as évek elé keltezni, illetve egyetlen példányt sem a 10. század utolsó évtizedei után. E probléma kapcsán a következő kérdés fogalmazható meg: e divattermékek használatban lehettek a 9. század végi magyar honfoglalás ideje alatt vagy csak később terjedtek el? Jóval bonyolultabb a jelenleg Oroszország területéről előkerült példányok keltezése, azonban például a ruszenyihai darab korai keltezése egyértelműen arra utalhat, hogy e tárgyak Kárpát-medencéből való származtatása (Ny → K irányban) – mint import – nem bizonyítható és éppen e lelet fényében ezek keleti divata korábbi időszakra tehető a Kárpát-medencei példányokénál. Skandináviától a Kárpát-medencéig és keletre az Urálig azonosított tarsolylemezek makroregionális elterjedése kapcsán szükséges feltennünk néhány kérdést ezek okairól és jellegéről. Milyen tényezők határozhatták meg e kisméretű tárgytípus elit divatreprezentációvá válását ezen az óriási területen? Ha a temetkezésekből, illetve temetőkből előkerült leletanyagot vizsgáljuk, Skandináviától a Kárpát-medencéig és innen a Volga és a Káma vidékéig, e makrorégiók közötti kulturális-gazdasági kapcsolat egy sokal fontosabb másik elemét, nevezetesen a 10. század első felében kibocsátott arab dirhemekét is dokumentálhatjuk, óriási mennyiségben. A Kárpát-medencében a dirhemek megjelenésének jelenségét a 10. századhoz köthetjük és egyértelműen a magyar honfogláshoz. Tehát, ezen adatok a távolsági, szupraregionális kereskedelem jelenlétével magyarázhatóak. A kereskedelmi hálózatok létezését a 8. század és a 10. század első két negyedében kibocsátott óriási mennyiségű dirhem bizonyítja, amelyeket a Kaukázustól Skandináviáig követhetünk a kincsleletekben és sírokban egyaránt. E jelenséget csakis az arab gazdasági- és politikai hálózatok e területeken való megjelenésével, illetve a kazár, besenyő, viking, magyar hatalmi struktúrákkal való kapcsolataikkal magyarázhatjuk. Azok a régiók, ahol tarsolylemezeket ismerünk, a nagy eurázsiai kereskedelmi utak csomópontjaiban helyezkedtek el, ami ismételten megmagyarázza e tárgyak „nemzetközi” jellegét.
„Fejedelmi temetkezés” az ősi Kijev területén Jozef Hojnovszkij 1892-ben végzett kutatásai nyomán
Authors: Komar Olekszij
Published: January 2024

A cikk a J. Hojnovszkij által a kijevi Krivcov birtokon végzett terepi megfigyelésekből levont megállapítások elemzésével foglalkozik, mely információkat több mint egy évszázada kritikai ellenőrzés nélkül használták fel a régészeti munkákban. Különös figyelmet szentelünk a pirofillit lapokból készült szarkofágnak, amelyet korábban fejedelmi temetkezésként értelmeztek, és amelyet egy díszszablya kísért. Megvizsgáljuk a szablya technológiai és stilisztikai jellemzőit, kapcsolatát az úgynevezett Nagy Károly karddal, valamint a Rusz és a török nyelvű nomádok, illetve a honfoglalás kori magyarok hasonló fegyvereivel. Bemutatjuk azt a történelmi kontextust is, melyben az ilyen termékek megjelenhettek a Kijevi Ruszban.
O duplo golpe sobre a classe trabalhadora: a reforma trabalhista e a reforma previdenciária em curso no Brasil
Authors: Rosar Orlando Oscar
Published: January 2024

O artigo analisa avanços e retrocessos da Seguridade Social, destacando os contextos de concepção das políticas destinadas à redução das desigualdades sociais, sob a hegemonia neoliberal. Trata da relação entre as “reformas” trabalhista e previdenciária e seus impactos na sobrevivência da força de trabalho. Explicita o caráter estrutural das mudanças impostas pelo capitalismo, destacando o processo de valorização do capital via “reformas”, que produzem a erosão da proteção social e das condições de trabalho como necessidade para o capital reverter o descenso da taxa de lucro e para ampliá-la, reduzindo custos pela via da precarização e pauperização das classes trabalhadoras.
O indigenismo religioso brasileiro: breve avaliação do estado da arte e possibilidades de análise na intersecção entre o campo da história e os estudos da religião
Authors: Da Silveira Diego Omar
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo é resultado de tese de doutorado que buscou investigar os arquivos e memórias do indigenismo religioso no Brasil da segunda metade do século XX. Como se sabe, desde meados da década de 1960 cresceram sobremaneira nos ambientes cristãos a crítica aos modelos tradicionais de missionamento e projetos de inserção de grupos de leigos e de novas ordens religiosas entre os indígenas, não mais com o objetivo de converter e catequisar, mas tendo como horizonte a defesa das causas indígenas. Autoidentificados como indigenistas, esses sujeitos e grupos entraram em rota de colisão com as políticas do Estado em diversos momentos da história recente da República brasileira, questionando os reais motivos das ações em curso na Fundação Nacional do Índio (FUNAI) durante a ditadura civil-militar, bem como os projetos de lei que tramitavam no Congresso nos anos da redemocratização. O texto traça um breve panorama dos trabalhos sobre indigenismo e busca explorar as possibilidades de análise em aberto na interseção entre o campo da história e os estudos da religião.
Desafios e perspectivas no cuidado de enfermagem às lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis e transexuais no Brasil: contribuições das epistemologias do sul
Authors: Ferreira Larissa de Lima , Nelson Ana Raquel Cortês , De Medeiros Soraya Maria , Lira Ana Luísa Brandão de Carvalho
Published: January 2024

A Política Nacional de Saúde Integral de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais (LGBT) é considerada um marco na saúde pública do Brasil, apesar do visível crescimento do debate público sobre temas relativos à identidade de gênero e à orientação sexual no Brasil, o país segue com altos índices de violência e de discriminação contra essa população. A enfermagem como protagonista do cuidado tem papel fundamental na superação dos obstáculos que dificultam o pleno acesso à saúde pela comunidade LGBT+. Esse estudo visa, portanto, refletir sobre a atuação do enfermeiro à comunidade LGBT+ a partir das contribuições das Epistemologias do Sul baseado no referencial de Boaventura Santos. Reflexões acerca da vulnerabilidade das populações são fortes ferramentas capazes de orientar a sociedade, promovendo conhecimento através da quebra de estereótipos sociais, utilizando a informação como aliada para uma assistência de enfermagem segura, de forma a melhorar a qualidade de vida das comunidades, além de impulsionar a adoção de estratégias para promoção de saúde das populações vulneráveis.
Viabilidade técnico-econômica da mecanização na produção do Tifton 85 na região da Baixada Fluminense
Authors: Cunha João Paulo Barreto , Oliveira Olajide , Oliveira Marcus Vinicius Morais , Carvalho Joyce de Aguiar , Costa Anderson Gomide , Vargas Beatriz Costalonga
Published: January 2024

O entendimento e conhecimento das características operacionais de conjuntos mecanizados se tornou uma preocupação cada vez mais frequente na agricultura moderna.  Por conta do alto valor agregado, conhecer a viabilidade econômica dos custos de produção é essencial, pois são diretamente afetados pelo desempenho operacional das máquinas agrícolas envolvidas. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho operacional e determinar os custos operacionais nos diferentes conjuntos mecanizados na produção de feno do Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.). O experimento foi conduzido na fazenda Feno Rio, localizada no campus de Seropédica da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, em uma área total de 60 hectares cultivadas por Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.). Foram determinados o desempenho operacional e os custos das diferentes operações mecanizadas realizadas durante a produção do Tifton 85. A mecanização na produção do Tifton 85 para a região da Baixada Fluminense se mostrou viável, apresentando lucratividade de 32,21% e margem líquida de 4.690,16 R$ ha-1. Conclui-se que os custos com a etapa de colheita refletem 56% de todo o custo com mecanização agrícola no processo de produção do Tifton 85.