bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Point-of-contact Interactive Record Linkage (PIRL): A software tool to prospectively link demographic surveillance and health facility data
Authors: Rentsch Christopher T. , Kabudula Chodziwadziwa Whiteson , Catlett Jason , Beckles David , Machemba Richard , Mtenga Baltazar , Masilela Nkosinathi , Michael Denna , Natalis Redempta , Urassa Mark , Todd Jim , Zaba Basia , Reniers Georges
Published: November 2017

Linking a health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS) to data from a health facility that serves the HDSS population generates a research infrastructure for directly observed data on access to and utilization of health facility services. Many HDSS sites, however, are in areas that lack unique national identifiers or suffer from data quality issues, such as incomplete records, spelling errors, and name and residence changes, all of which complicate record linkage approaches when applied retrospectively. We developed Point-of-contact Interactive Record Linkage (PIRL) software that is used to prospectively link health records from a local health facility to an HDSS in rural Tanzania. This prospective approach to record linkage is carried out in the presence of the individual whose records are being linked, which has the advantage that any uncertainty surrounding their identity can be resolved during a brief interaction, whereby extraneous information (e.g., household membership) can be referred to as an additional criterion to adjudicate between multiple potential matches. Our software uses a probabilistic record linkage algorithm based on the Fellegi-Sunter model to search and rank potential matches in the HDSS data source. Key advantages of this software are its ability to perform multiple searches for the same individual and save patient-specific notes that are retrieved during subsequent clinic visits. A search on the HDSS database (n=110,000) takes less than 15 seconds to complete. Excluding time spent obtaining written consent, the median duration of time we spend with each patient is six minutes. In this setting, a purely automated retrospective approach to record linkage would have only correctly identified about half of the true matches and resulted in high linkage errors; therefore highlighting immediate benefit of conducting interactive record linkage using the PIRL software.
The Network for Analysing Longitudinal Population-based HIV/AIDS data on Africa (ALPHA): Data on mortality, by HIV status and stage on the HIV care continuum, among the general population in seven longitudinal studies between 1989 and 2014
Authors: Slaymaker Emma , McLean Estelle , Wringe Alison , Calvert Clara , Marston Milly , Reniers Georges , Kabudula Chodziwadziwa Whiteson , Crampin Amelia , Price Alison , Michael Denna , Urassa Mark , Kwaro Daniel , Sewe Maquins , Eaton Jeffrey W. , Rhead Rebecca , Nakiyingi-Miiro Jessica , Lutalo Tom , Nabukalu Dorean , Herbst Kobus , Hosegood Victoria , Zaba Basia
Published: November 2017

Timely progression of people living with HIV (PLHIV) from the point of infection through the pathway from diagnosis to treatment is important in ensuring effective care and treatment of HIV and preventing HIV-related deaths and onwards transmission of infection.  Reliable, population-based estimates of new infections are difficult to obtain for the generalised epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa.  Mortality data indicate disease burden and, if disaggregated along the continuum from diagnosis to treatment, can also reflect the coverage and quality of different HIV services.  Neither routine statistics nor observational clinical studies can estimate mortality prior to linkage to care nor following disengagement from care.  For this, population-based data are required.

The Network for Analysing Longitudinal Population-based HIV/AIDS data on Africa brings together studies in Kenya, Malawi, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zimbabwe.  Eight studies have the necessary data to estimate mortality by HIV status, and seven can estimate mortality at different stages of the HIV care continuum.  This data note describes a harmonised dataset containing anonymised individual-level information on survival by HIV status for adults aged 15 and above. Among PLHIV, the dataset provides information on survival during different periods: prior to diagnosis of infection; following diagnosis but before linkage to care; in pre-antiretroviral treatment (ART) care; in the first six months after ART initiation; among people continuously on ART for 6+ months; and among people who have ever interrupted ART.
Reducing missed opportunities for vaccination in selected provinces of Mozambique: A study protocol
Authors: Magadzire Bvudzai Priscilla , Joao Gabriel , Shendale Stephanie , Ogbuanu Ikechukwu Udo
Published: November 2017

Background: A missed opportunity for vaccination (MOV) refers to any contact with health services by an individual who is eligible for vaccination, which does not result in the person receiving the vaccine doses for which he or she is eligible. A consortium of partners, including VillageReach, the Ministry of Health in Mozambique and the World Health Organization, will implement a strategy to reduce MOV in Mozambique. The strategy involves demonstrating the magnitude of missed opportunities and their causes, and exploring tailored health system interventions to reduce them, with the aim of increasing vaccination coverage and timeliness of vaccinations.

Methods: A mixed-methods approach will incorporate both quantitative and qualitative tools. The assessment will target caregivers of children between the ages of 0–23 months who attend a health facility in the selected districts on the day of the assessment. Caregivers who are at least 18 years old will be eligible for inclusion. Another component of the assessment will target all health workers in the selected health facilities on the day of the assessment. A sample of 30 health facilities in different regions of the country will be assessed, with a target sample size of 600 caregiver exit interviews, 300 health worker interviews and focus group discussions with both caregivers and health workers. Data collection will commence late 2017, and the data will be electronically captured, managed and analyzed. Thematic analysis of data from the qualitative aspects of the assessment will be conducted, presenting the scope of interviews, representative verbatim quotes and key conclusions. 

Conclusions: A concerted effort to reduce or eliminate MOV could increase vaccine coverage by up to 30% and may contribute to wider improvements in efficiencies of service delivery beyond the immunization program. In addition, the findings could contribute to a better understanding of MOV in similar settings.
A ‘Suitable Amount’ of Crime and a Cultural-Civilisational Approach
Authors: Saar Jüri
Published: November 2017

The article presents the hypothesis that a normal level (e.g., optimal, reasonable, or suitable amount) of crime is an empirically measurable variable. Adequate assessment of crime in a specific civilisation is possible via comparison of crime across different civilisations. To this end, key elements for a cultural-civilisational approach, distinct from ‘cultural criminology’, are presented. In this approach, crime is an inevitable part of cultural phenomena, wherefore the definitions of crimes, punishments, and their execution manifest value specificities of individual cultures (civilisations). Three characteristics related to criminal careers – the ‘gender gap’, the ‘age–crime curve’, and a ‘dual taxonomy’, identified regularly by various studies are reviewed and interpreted anew.
Life without Crime as a Fundamental Right of the Child: On the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency
Authors: Kronberga Ilona
Published: November 2017

The publication analyses the concept of child-friendly justice within the context of law‑enforcement practices with regard to international and European Union law. The work is based on the premise that a child’s rights are human rights of the child. One of the fundamental rights of every child is the right to a friendly legal environment, which includes the right to grow up in an environment free from the harmful effects of crime. The discussion presented is based on several years of international research by the author, who concludes that harmful effects of crime can be manifested readily in cases wherein a child violates the law, becomes a victim of crime, or witnesses a crime. The author concludes that such harmful experiences for a child can be eliminated in practice through application of the recommendations of international law.
A Simulation-Based Traffic Signal Control for Congested Urban Traffic Networks
Authors: Baldi Simone , Michailidis Iakovos , Ntampasi Vasiliki , Kosmatopoulos Elias , Papamichail Ioannis , Papageorgiou Markos
Published: November 2017

Traffic congestion in urban networks may lead to strong degradation in the utilization of the network infrastructure, which can be mitigated via suitable control strategies. This paper studies and analyzes the performance of an adaptive traffic-responsive strategy that controls the traffic light parameters in an urban network to reduce traffic congestion. A nearly optimal control formulation is adopted to avoid the curse of dimensionality occurring in the solution of the corresponding Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) optimal control problem. First, an (approximate) solution of the HJB is parametrized via an appropriate Lyapunov function; then, the solution is updated at each iteration in such a way to approach the nearly optimal solution, using a close-to-optimality index and information coming from the simulation model of the network (simulation-based design). Simulation results obtained using a traffic simulation model of the network Chania, Greece, an urban traffic network containing many varieties of junction staging, demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach, as compared with alternative traffic strategies based on a simplified linear model of the traffic network. It is shown that the proposed strategy can adapt to different traffic conditions and that low-complexity parametrizations of the optimal solution, a linear and a bimodal piecewise linear strategy, respectively, provide a satisfactory trade-off between computational complexity and network performance.
Scholarly Libraries & Library Groups Stakeholder Report
Authors: Asamoah-Hassan Helena , Billings Marilyn , Clemons Jessica , Dempsey Lorcan , Eller Shira , Feather Celeste , Fishel Terri , Gwinn Nancy , Haigh Susan , Kalfatovic Martin , Matthews Barrett , Oakley Meg , Orfano Stephanie , Reynolds Leslie , Simpson William , Stamison Christine , Stephens Denise , Stoddard Morgan , Wacha Megan
Published: November 2017

Representatives of the OSI2017 Scholarly Libraries and Library Groups stakeholder group were tasked with (1) Summarizing the various perspectives involved in the library community with regard to open access, (2) Describing areas of general agreement and disagreement and the issues and questions that may be powering these different viewpoints, and (3) Proposing a set of specific actions or outcomes that can balance the needs and interests of all members of this group (or a mechanism for finding solutions or bridging gaps), as well as the challenges these actions face and how they can be addressed in a realistic and collaborative way.
Emprendimiento y ocio en la formación inicial del profesorado de Educación Primaria
Authors: De La Torre Cruz Tamara , Luis Rico M. Isabel , Jiménez Palmero Alfredo
Published: November 2017

Nuestra investigación se centra en la educación formal, como garante de la adquisición de la nueva configuración competencial que permite un desarrollo social e individual satisfactorio. Dentro de ella, el docente es el factor intraescolar de mayor impacto en el rendimiento, por lo que su desempeño profesional ha de estar acorde a los retos planteados.Así, si consideramos la competencia emprendedora y la educación para el ocio como aspectos relevantes en la configuración del modelo de ciudadanía participativa, han de verse reflejados en los procesos de formación inicial del docente, como responsable de su posterior desarrollo en la población.
La potencia estadística prospectiva del voto retrospectivo en España (1996-2015)
Authors: Alaminos Chica Antonio , Alaminos-Fernández Paloma
Published: November 2017

Esta investigación evalúa la capacidad explicativa y predictiva que la valoración de la actuación/gestión del PP y el PSOE tiene sobre los resultados electorales de estos partidos. La valoración de los dos partidos se efectúa de forma anticipada, entre uno y dos meses antes de las elecciones. El diseño incluye conjuntamente ambos partidos, por lo que la hipótesis testada es acerca de la relación entre valoración de la actuación y gestión de los partidos y sus resultados electorales (Downs, 1957). Es decir, la eficacia del modelo de voto retrospectivo para explicar y anticipar los resultados electorales en elecciones generales en España. Las convocatorias estudiadas son las elecciones generales en España del 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2011 y 2015. Los datos de valoración proceden del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas y los resultados electorales del Ministerio del Interior. Tras testar las hipótesis de asociación y de dependencia entre el voto retrospectivo anticipado y los resultados electorales, se concluye que el indicador de valoración de la actuación/gestión del PP y el PSOE tiene, con carácter anticipado de uno a dos meses, una asociación y capacidad explicativa significativa de los resultados electorales. La potencia predictiva, por el contrario, no es limitada al considerar por razones de tamaño muestral en el mismo modelo los resultados de los dos partidos. Asimismo, se efectúa un análisis de la potencia estadística de varios modelos, comparando diferentes especificaciones.
Desenvolvendo o Pensamento Computacional no Ensino Médio: um Aporte Baseado na Neurociência
Authors: Bastos Narúsci S. , Mota Fernanda , Adamatti Diana F. , Carvalho Fernanda
Published: November 2017

INTRODUCTION: Challenges that require new approaches are emerging to resolve the constant changes in society and the introduction of computer systems increasingly complex. In this context, computational thinking can be seen as a way of solving problems, designing systems and understanding human behavior. This paper proposes a study on the development of computational thinking in high school students, based on Neuroscience. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the paper is to identify possible changes in brain physiology pre and post computational logic training and characterize brain activity during the resolution of the logic test problems. METHOD: To carry out this study, it was necessary to collect brain signals in two stages: before and after the training in computational logic, while individuals solved a logic test. RESULTS: From these data we analyze the areas with greater brain activity during the resolution of each proposed issue, which were collected through non-invasive technique using an EEG equipment (electroencephalogram) and a BCI (Brain Computer-interface) called Actichamp by BrainVision. CONCLUSION: As a first implication of the results, it is possible for students to activate as many brain areas as possible before practicing a programming logic.
Jogos de Programar: Abordagem para os Primeiros Contatos dos Estudantes com a Programação
Authors: Zanchett Guilherme A. , Vahldick Adilson , Raabe André
Published: November 2017

INTRODUCTION: This work investigates the use of programming games as a way to establish the high school students first contacts with programming concepts. Programming games are puzzle style games in which the player must solve problems that require algorithmic logic using some programming notation. OBJECTIVE: The research sought to evaluate which characteristics of the programming games are perceived positively by the students. METHOD: The research was carried out with 14 students who used three different programming games (Code Combat, NoBug's Snack Bar and Lighbot). They answered a questionnaire with open and closed questions about (i) preferred game, (ii) Engagement and fun, (iii) tutorial style (way of proposing problems to players); And (iv) perception about programming concepts involved. RESULTS: The Code Combat and LightBot games tied the students' preference, with Lightbot achieving a better engagement and fun score. The Tutorial style of Code Combat and NoBug's Snack Bar received the best scores. The students reported having understood the concepts of function (92.9%), Loop (92.9%) and variable (71.2%) after using the games and their perception of the difficulty of programming was easy or average (71.4%). CONCLUSION: The use of programming games in students' initial contacts can bring beneficial results by creating a less intimidating environment in which the student perceives himself capable of achieving his goals while having fun. It aids to avoid obstacles that the perception of the difficulty of programming could generate. Concepts such as loops and functions were better assimilated by students than the concept of a variable, suggesting the need to rethink the traditional organization of textbooks and introductory programming courses.
Debates intersexuales entre Colombia y España. Sobre las teorías científicas del médico español Gregorio Marañón y Posadillo (1887-1960) y la normativización de los cuerpos intersexuales en Colombia en la primera mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Lugo-Márquez Sara
Published: November 2017

La intersexualidad ha sido para la ciencia positiva una paradoja por transgredir las categorías de sexo y género en las cuales se pretenden encajar los cuerpos. Para perpetuar dichas categorías la medicina ha desarrollado un complejo sistema de patologización que le permite el control de los cuerpos intersexuados. Asimismo, la separación entre género y sexo ha sido recientemente cuestionada por los análisis feministas de las ciencias y las tecnologías al plantearse que el sexo es un resultado del género, ya que los discursos biológicos son construcciones sociales. Ambas perspectivas permiten entender la patologización de la intersexualidad como causa y consecuencia de los procesos de medicalización de la infancia y de la sexualidad que se consolidaron a principios del siglo XX. El presente artículo evidencia la circulación de las teorías científicas mundialmente difundidas del médico español Gregorio Marañón y Posadillo (1887-1960) sobre “los estados intersexuales” en Colombia en la primera mitad del siglo XX, y como éstas fueron apropiadas y transformadas por el endocrinólogo colombiano Francisco Gnecco Mozo (1904-1973) quien fue estudiante en España de Gregorio Marañón y perpetuador del estudio de la intersexualidad en Colombia. Además, se plantean dos contribuciones epistemológicas de los médicos colombianos para reafirmar la heteronormatividad y la construcción de una normativa de los cuerpos, que esperamos tracen un análisis preliminar de la patologización de la intersexualidad en el discurso médico colombiano de la primera mitad del siglo XX.
Histological and histopathological study of the lower uterine segment after previous caesarean section and placenta accreta
Authors: Abdulsalam Reem Abdulazim Hussein , Azzam Mohamed Ezz El Deen Ali , El Helaly Amr Mohammed Abd El Fatah , Ahmed Marwa Labib Badr
Published: November 2017

Although the risk factors for placenta accreta are well established, the underlying mechanisms leading to abnormal placental adhesions are less well understood. This study was undertaken to evaluate the histology and histopathology of the lower uterine segment in CS in a trial to understand the possible pathogenesis of placenta accreta.
Green tea in medicine: a brief overview
Authors: Nayyar Abhishek , Das Maneesha , Deosarkar Bharat , Deosarkar Soniya Bharat , Karan Abhishek , Sinha Pallavi , Paraye Swati
Published: November 2017

Over the past decades, focused interest in drugs obtained from medicinal plants has markedly increased. Since times immemorial, tea has traditionally been the most popular and widely consumed beverages in the world obtained from the extracts of leaves of the plant Camellia sinensis by the process of oxidation. It is the oldest non-alcoholic beverage containing caffeine. Among the varieties of tea manufactured, green tea is considered of utmost significance since it exerts antimicrobial, anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-collagenase, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and anti-hypertensive activities due to rich content of polyphenol, namely catechins, which prevent the pathogenesis of numerous disease processes and play a pivotal role as a scavenger of free radical generation. The present review discusses the botanical description, photo-chemical constituents and biological activity of green tea with clinical relevance in the various fields of medicine.
Blending Individual and Group Assessment: A Model for Measuring Student Performance
Authors: Reiser Elana
Published: November 2017

Two sections of a college discrete mathematics class were taught using cooperative learning techniques throughout the semester. The 33 students were randomly assigned into groups of three. Their final examination consisted of an individual and group blended examination where students worked in their groups and discussed questions, but each student had a different version of the examination and their own questions to answer. Afterwards, students were given a questionnaire and one group from each section was interviewed to see how they rated blended assessment. The majority of students preferred the blended examination over an individual examination, but not everybody felt this way. Benefits of the blended examination include being able to verbalize the questions which led to a better understanding of them and a more relaxed atmosphere which may be helpful for students with test anxiety. Concerns about the blended examination such as time, fairness, and trouble concentrating were raised.
IDENTIFICATION OF RIVER BANK EROSION AND INUNDATION HAZARD ZONES USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES – A CASE STUDY OF INDUS RIVER NEAR LAYYAH DISTRICT, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan Hafiz Uzair Ahmad , Khalil Syed Farhan Ahmed , Kazmi Syed Jamil Hasan , Umar Mudassar , Shahzad Atif , Farhan Suhaib Bin
Published: November 2017

This study aims to assess an area of about 70 km along Indus River in Layyah and Muzaffargarh districts of Punjab, Pakistan, which is highly vulnerable to erosion. Actual erosion and deposition has been quantified for each of left and right bank of river over a period of 2002 to 2016. Open source data product of Landsat is used to identify the spatio-temporal changes of Indus River. A model has been developed that extracted the water from satellite images using NDWI. River path of Indus has been mapped for 2002, 2009 and 2016 during high and low flow seasons which not only signifies the channel shifting and river morphology, but also highlights the zones where water over run into land. It has been observed from the study that river is shifting more towards its left bank and the area is highly vulnerable to erosion. In 2009, river eroded 24.3 km2 from right bank while it eroded 100 km2 from left bank. Similarly, in 2016, 12.5 km2 and 71.9 km2 eroded from right and left bank respectively. The river inundation eroded the major agricultural land and affected the life of people and infrastructure. Results provide the latest and reliable information on the dynamics of Indus River in the study area which can be utilized to develop erosion control program and taking practical measures to ensure the safety of life and infrastructure.
Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina Platensis Residue
Authors: Jamilatun Siti , Budhijanto Budhijanto , Rochmadi Rochmadi , Budiman Arief
Published: November 2017

Analysis of thermal decomposition and pyrolisis reaction kinetics of Spirulina platensis residue (SPR) was performed using Thermogravimetric Analyzer. Thermal decomposition was conducted with the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min from 30 to 1000oC. Thermogravimetric (TG), Differential Thermal Gravimetric (DTG), and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) curves were then obtained. Each of the curves was divided into 3 stages. In Stage I, water vapor was released in endothermic condition. Pyrolysis occurred in exothermic condition in Stage II, which was divided into two zones according to the weight loss rate, namely zone 1 and zone 2. It was found that gasification occurred in Stage III in endothermic condition. The heat requirement and heat release on thermal decomposition of SPR are described by DTA curve, where 3 peaks were obtained for heating rate 10, 20 and 30°C/min and 2 peaks for 40 and 50°C/min, all peaks present in Zone 2. As for the DTG curve, 2 peaks were obtained in Zone 1 for similar heating rates variation. On the other hand, thermal decomposition of proteins and carbohydrates is indicated by the presence of peaks on the DTG curve, where lignin decomposition do not occur due to the low lipid content of SPR (0.01wt%). The experiment results and calculations using one-step global model successfully showed that the activation energy (Ea) for the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min for zone 1 were 35.455, 41.102, 45.702, 47.892 and 47.562 KJ/mol, respectively, and for zone 2 were 0.0001428, 0.0001240, 0.0000179, 0.0000100 and 0.0000096 KJ/mol, respectively.Keywords: Spirulina platensis residue (SPR), Pyrolysis, Thermal decomposition, Peak, Activation energy.Article History: Received June 15th 2017; Received in revised form August 12th 2017; Accepted August 20th 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Jamilatun, S., Budhijanto, Rochmadi, and Budiman, A. (2017) Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis Residue, International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 6(3), 193-201.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201
Optimum Sizing Algorithm for An Off Grid Plant Considering Renewable Potentials and Load Profile
Authors: Brahmi Nabiha , Charfi Sana , Chaabene Maher
Published: November 2017

The energy demand in remote area cannot be satisfied unless renewable energy based plants are locally installed. In order to be efficient, such projects should be sized on the basis of maximizing the renewable energies exploitation and meeting the consumer needs. The aim of this work is to provide an algorithm-based calculation of the optimum sizing of a standalone hybrid plant composed of a wind generator, a photovoltaic panel, a lead acid-battery bank, and a water tank. The strategy consists of evaluating the renewable potentials (solar and wind). Obtained results are entered as inputs to established generators models in order to estimate the renewable generations. The developed optimal sizing algorithm which is based on iterative approach, computes plant components sizes for which load profile meet estimated renewable generations. The approach validation is conducted for A PV/Wind/Battery based farm located in Sfax, Tunisia. Obtained results proved that the energetic need is covered and only about 4% of the generated energy is not used. Also a cost investigation confirmed that the plant becomes profitable ten years after installation.Article History: Received June 24th 2017; Received in revised form September 26th 2017; Accepted Sept 30th 2017; Available onlineCitation: Brahmi, N., Charfi, S., and Chaabene, M. (2017) Optimum Sizing Algorithm for an off grid plant considering renewable potentials and load profile. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(3), 213-224.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.213-224
Performance Evaluation of PV Panel Under Dusty Condition
Authors: Tripathi Abhishek Kumar , Aruna M. , Murthy Ch.S.N.
Published: November 2017

The performance of PV panel depends on the incoming sunlight on its surface. The accumulated airborne dust particles on panel surface creates a barrier in the path of sunlight and panel surface, which significantly reduces the amount of solar radiation falling on the panel surface. The present study shows a significant reduction in short circuit current and power output of PV panel due to dust deposition on its surface, whereas the reduction in open circuit voltage is not much prominent. This study has been carried in the field as well as in the laboratory. The reduction in maximum power output of PV panel for both the studies ensures a linear relation with the dust deposition on its surface. In the field study, the reduction in the power output due to 12.86gm of dust deposition on the panel surface was 43.18%, whereas in the laboratory study it was 44.75% due to 11gm of dust depositionArticle History: Received July 10th 2017; Received in revised form Sept 15th 2017x; Accepted 1st Oct 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Tripathi, A.K., Aruna, M. and Murthy, Ch.,S.N. (2017). Performance Evaluation of PV Panel Under Dusty Condition. International Journal of Renewable Energy Develeopment, 6(3), 225-233.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.225-233
Optimization and Molecular Characterization of Syngas Fermenting Anaerobic Mixed Microbial Consortium TERI SA1
Authors: Singla Ashish , Kumar Sanjiv , Lavania Meeta , Chhipa Hemraj , Kapardar Rajkishor , Rastogi Sachin , Lal Banwari , Sarma Priyangshu M
Published: November 2017

The present study focused on the optimization and molecular characterization of anaerobic mixed consortium TERI SA1 that can utilize synthesis gas as sole carbon source for volatile fatty acids production. Optimization study using Box- Behnken design and RSM methodology was carried out in order to investigate the effect of three medium factors on metabolite formation from synthesis gas bioconversion: (yeast extract (0.0–2.0 g/L), ammonium chloride (0.0–1.5 g/L) and corn steep liquor (0.0-10 g/L). Optimized parameters enhanced the production of volatile fatty acids upto 3.9 g/L, which indicated an increase of around 289 % from the non-optimized conditions. Furthermore, two approaches were used for isolation and phylogenetic identification of anaerobic consortium TERI SA1 involving 16S rRNA sequencing of culturable bacterial isolates as well as meta-genomic approach (by making a 16S rRNA gene library of total community DNA). Based on similarity search with NCBI database selected positive clones were most closely related with acetogenic microorganisms Clostridium scatalogenes, Clostridium carboxydivorans, Clostridium drakei and Uncultured Clostridium sp. and strains isolated by culturable method (ASH051 and ASH 052) with Clostridium scatalogenes, and Clostridium drakei. These strains have previously been reported for acetic acid production from syngas bioconversion.Article History: Received July 16th 2017; Received in revised form September 13rd 2017; Accepted Sept 28th 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Singla, A., Kumar, S., Lavania, M., Chhipa, H., Kapardar, R., Rastogi, S., Lal, B., and Sarma, P.M. (2017) Optimization and Molecular Characterization of Syngas Fermenting Anaerobic Mixed Microbial Consortium TERI SA1.International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(3), 241-251.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.241-251
Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar Absorption Cooling for Commercial buildings in India
Authors: Narayanan Muthalagappan
Published: November 2017

Space cooling and heating always tends to be a major part of the primary energy usage. By using fossil fuel electricity for these purposes, the situation becomes even worse. One of the major electricity consumptions in India is air conditioning. There are a lot of different technologies and few researchers have come up with a debate between solar absorption cooling and PV electric cooling. In a previous paper, PV electric cooling was studied and now as a continuation, this paper focuses on solar thermal absorption cooling systems and their application in commercial/office buildings in India. A typical Indian commercial building is taken for the simulation in TRNSYS. Through this simulation, the feasibility and operational strategy of the system is analysed, after which parametric study and economic analysis of the system is done. When compared with the expenses for a traditional air conditioner unit, this solar absorption cooling will take 13.6 years to pay back and will take 15.5 years to payback the price of itself and there after all the extra money are savings or profit.  Although the place chosen for this study is one of the typical tropical place in India, this payback might vary with different places, climate and the cooling demand.Article History: Received May 12th 2017; Received in revised form August 15th 2017; Accepted 1st Sept 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Narayanan, M. (2017). Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar Absorption Cooling for Commercial Buildings in India.  International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(3), 253-262.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.253-262
Sizing and Optimization for Hybrid Central in South Algeria Based on Three Different Generators
Authors: Ammari Chouaib , Messaoud Hamouda , Salim Makhloufi
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we will size an optimum hybrid central content three different generators, two on renewable energy (solar photovoltaic and wind power) and two nonrenewable (diesel generator and storage system) because the new central generator has started to consider the green power technology in order for best future to the world, this central will use all the green power resource available and distributes energy to a small isolated village in southwest of Algeria named “Timiaouine”. The consumption of this village estimated with detailed in two season; season low consumption (winter) and high consumption (summer), the hybrid central will be optimized by program Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER PRO), this program will simulate in two configuration, the first with storage system, the second without storage system and in the end the program HOMER PRO will choose the best configuration which is the mixture of both economic and ecologic configurations, this central warrants the energetic continuity of village.Article History: Received May 18th 2017; Received in revised form July 17th 2017; Accepted Sept 3rd 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Ammari, C., Hamouda,M., and Makhloufi,S. (2017) Sizing and Optimization for Hybrid Central in South Algeria Based on Three Different Generators. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(3), 263-272.http://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.263-272
The Effects of Different Roughness Configurations on Aerodynamic Performance of Wind Turbine Airfoil and Blade
Authors: Jafari Kamyar , Djavareshkian Mohammad Hassan , Feshalami Behzad Forouzi
Published: November 2017

In this research, viscous and turbulent flow is simulated numerically on an E387 airfoil as well as on a turbine blade. The main objective of this paper is to investigate various configurations of roughness to find a solution in order to mitigate roughness destructive impacts. Hence, the sand grain roughness is distributed uniformly along pressure side, suction side and both sides during the manufacturing process. Navier-Stokes equations are discretized by the finite volume method and are solved by SIMPLE algorithm. Results indicated that in contrast with previous studies, the roughness will be useful if it is applied on only pressure side of the airfoil. In this condition, the lift coefficient is increased to  and 1.2% compare to the airfoil with rough and smooth sides, respectively. However, in 3-D simulation, the lift coefficient of the blade with pressure surface roughness is less than smooth blade, but still its destructive impacts are much less than of both surfaces roughness and suction surfaces roughness. Therefore, it can be deduced that in order to reveal the influence of roughness, the simulation must be accomplished in three dimensions.Article History: Received Jun 12th 2017; Received in revised form August 27th 2017; Accepted Oct 3rd 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Jafari, K., Djavareshkian, M.H., Feshalami, B.H. (2017) The Effects of Different Roughness Configurations on Aerodynamic Performance of Wind Turbine Airfoil and Blade. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(3), 273-281.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.273-281
Pengujian Pengeringan Garam Briket Skala Laboratorium
Authors: Kiono Berkah Fajar Tamtomo , Sony Severianus
Published: November 2017

Tingginya konsumsi garam beryodium di Indonesia, membuat pemerintah membuat dan mendorong UMKM untuk memproduksi garam beryodium pada jumlah besar. Salah satu provinsi yang mempunyai jumlah UMKM garam yang banyak adalah Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Daerah terbesar produksi garam beryodium adalah Kabupaten Pati. Namun untuk memiliki produktivitas yang tinggi, pabrik garam beryodium yang ada di Pati harus mengganti alat pengeringnya dengan alat pengering yang tepat. Salah satu alat pengering yang harus diganti adalah alat pengering untuk garam briket. Dalam mendesain suatu alat pengering untuk garam briket, perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengeringan garam briket skala laboratorium untuk mengetahui parameter-parameter untuk pengeringan garam. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan oven. Garam dikeringkan dengan menggunakan 1 heater dan 2 heater. Variasi temperatur oven dengan mengubah bukaan damper. Bukaan damper diatur setengah bukaan dan bukaan penuh (WOT/Wide Opening Throttle).  Temperatur oven bervariasi dari 120OC sampai 190OC, sedangkan temperatur garam maksimum adalah 108OC.Titik didih garam sangat tingi yaitu 801,1OC, sedangkan titik didih Yodium adalah 184,4OC. Pengujian ini mendapatkan hasil pengeringan berturut-turut sebagai berikut, dengan suhu udara akhir 120OC membutuhkan waktu pengeringan selama 221 menit, sedangkan untuk suhu 130OC waktu pengeringannya adalah 200 menit, dengan suhu akhir 176OC adalah 55 menit, dan pengeringan dengan suhu akhir 200OC adalah 55 menit. Proses pengeringan optimum garam pada suhu 170-180OC dengan waktu pengeringan 19 menit
Pengujian Mampu Las Baja Karbon Astm A36 dengan Proses Las Busur Listrik
Authors: Rusnaldy Rusnaldy , Maulana Muhammad Erfas
Published: November 2017

Proses pengelasan busur listrik dengan elektroda terbungkus (Shielded Metal Arc Welding-SMAW) banyak digunakan dalam aplikasi di industri dan konstruksi. Material yang juga banyak digunakan dalam aplikasi proses SMAW adalah baja karbon ASTM A36, yaitu jenis plain carbon steel. Kemampuan baja tersebut untuk disambung dengan menggunakan proses SMAW (weldability) dipengaruhi oleh banyak hal, salah satunya adalah heat input. Besarnya heat input pada proses pengelasan tergantung dari besarnya arus yang digunakan. Pada studi ini akan diteliti pengaruh besarnya arus yang digunakan, yaitu 70 A, 80 A dan 90 A, terhadap mampu las baja karbon ASTM A36. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui mampu las baja tersebut adalah Controlled Thermal Severity (CTS) Test. Kawat elektroda yang digunakan adalah kawat elektroda terbungkus jenis E6013. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pengujian ini adalah mampu las baja ASTM A36 cukup baik. Hal ini diindikasikan dengan jumlah dan ukuran dari retak yang ditemukan masih di bawah harga minimum yang dipersyaratkan. Kemudian juga diketahui bahwa makin besar arus listrik yang digunakan menyebabkan peningkatan nilai kekerasan mikro dari logam las dan HAZ, namun jumlah dan ukuran retak jadi bertambah banyak dan besar.
Studi Eksperimental pada Emulator Surya Berdasarkan Intensitas Matahari Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Sel Surya 10 Wp Tipe Polycristalline
Authors: Tira Hendry Sakke , Natsir Abdul , Anwar Muhamad Saiful
Published: November 2017

Energi merupakan salah satu kebutuhan utama dalam kehidupan manusia. Peningkatan kebutuhan energi dapat merupakan indikator peningkatan kemakmuran, namun bersamaan dengan itu juga menimbulkan masalah dalam usaha penyediaannya, karena manusia hanya mengandalkan energi fosil yang tentunya persediaannya masih sangat terbatas dan semakin menipis. Indonesia terletak di daerah khatulistiwa sehingga memiliki intensitas penyinaran matahari yang baik sepanjang tahun. Kondisi penyinaran ini potensial untuk digunakan dalam pembangkitan listrik tenaga surya (PLTS). PLTS merupakan teknologi ramah lingkungan yang memanfaatkan energi sel surya fotovoltaik dengan cara mengkonversi energi cahaya yang dipancarkan oleh matahari menjadi energi listrik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh intensitas cahaya lampu terhadap arus titik daya maksimum (Impp), tegangan titik daya maksimum (Vmpp), daya maksimum power point (Pmpp), dan efisiensi dari panel surya 10 WP tipe polycristalline pada alat solar emulator. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan merubah intensitas cahaya lampu pada alat solar emulator berdasarkan intensitas cahaya matahari tanggal 17-25 Maret 2016. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa intensitas cahaya lampu mempunyai pengaruh terhadap Impp, Vmpp, Pmpp, dan Efisiensi dari panel surya 10 WP tipe polycristalline. Semakin tinggi intensitas cahaya lampu maka semakin tinggi pula nilai Impp, Vmpp, Pmpp, dan efisiensi yang diperoleh. Efisiensi panel surya tertinggi diperoleh pukul 12:00-12:40 WITA pada tanggal 22 Maret 2016 sebesar 4,14 %.
Imaginary politics: Climate change and making the future
Authors: Milkoreit Manjana
Published: November 2017

Climate change places major transformational demands on modern societies. Transformations require the capacity to collectively envision and meaningfully debate realistic and desirable futures. Without such a collective imagination capacity and active deliberation processes, societies lack both the motivation for change and guidance for decision-making in a certain direction of change. Recent arguments that science fiction can play a role in societal transformation processes is not yet supported by theory or empirical evidence. Advancing the argument that fiction can support sustainability transformations, this paper makes four contributions. First, building on the imaginary concept, I introduce and define the idea of socio-climatic imaginaries. Second, I develop a theory of imagination as linked cognitive-social processes that enable the creation of collectively shared visions of future states of the world. This theory addresses the dynamics that bridge imagination processes in the individual mind and collective imagining that informs social and political decision-making. Third, emphasizing the political nature of creating and contesting imaginaries in a society, I introduce the role of power and agency in this theory of collective imagination. I argue that both ideational and structural power concepts are relevant for understanding the potential societal influence of climate fiction. Finally, the paper illuminates these different forms of transformational power and agency with two brief case studies: two climate fiction novels. I contrast a dystopian and utopian science fiction novel – Paolo Bacigalupi’s The Water Knife (2015) and Kim Stanley Robinson’s Green Earth (2015). The two books are very similar in their power/agency profile, but the comparison provides initial insights into the different roles of optimistic and pessimistic future visions.
Chemical aspects related to using recycled geopolymers as aggregates
Authors: Chaliasou Napoleana Anna , Heath Andrew , Paine Kevin , Calabria Holley Juliana
Published: November 2017

Despite extensive research into sustainability of geopolymers, end-of-life aspects have been largely overlooked. A recycling scenario is examined in this study. This requires an investigation of alkali leaching potential from a geopolymeric matrix. To study the feasibility of geopolymer cement (GPC) recycling, the migration of alkalis was evaluated for the first time on a microstructural level through energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) elemental mapping and leaching tests. Macroscale impacts were assessed through an investigation of Portland cement (PC) mortar properties affected by alkali concentration. Leaching tests indicated that alkalis immediately become available in aqueous environments, but the majority remain chemically or physically bound in the matrix. This type of leaching accelerates the initial setting of PC paste. Elemental mapping and EDX/SEM analysis showed a complex paste–aggregate interfacial transition zone. Exchange of calcium and sodium, revealed by the maps, resulted in the migration of sodium into the PC paste and the formation of additional calcium–silicon-based phases in the geopolymeric matrix. Strength values of mortars with 25% and 50% recycled aggregates (RA) showed negligible differences compared with the reference sample. Screening tests indicated a low potential for GPC RA inducing alkali–silica reaction. Transport of GPC RA alkalis and the underlying mechanisms were observed. This transport phenomenon was found to have minor effects on the properties of the PC mortar, indicating that recycling of geopolymers is a viable reuse practice.
Thirty-seven-year investigation of quicklime-treated soil produced by deep mixing method
Authors: Takahashi Hidenori , Morikawa Yoshiyuki , Fujii Naruhiko , Kitazume Masaki
Published: November 2017

The deep mixing method was developed in Japan and Scandinavian countries in the 1970s. Subsequently, considerable research studies have been carried out on the strength characteristics of treated soil, the interaction of treated soil and surrounding soils, the development of new binders, the development of new execution machines and techniques, the establishment of design procedures and so on. However, long-term changes in the properties of treated soil have not yet been clarified. Two columns of in situ quicklime-treated soil in a soil tank for more than 37 years were analysed in this study. Laboratory tests were conducted on them at curing periods of 11, 27 and 37 years. This paper presents the change of wet density, water content, unconfined compressive strength and calcium content. Additionally, needle-penetration resistance, pH and electrical conductivity were measured in order to reveal the deterioration properties from the surface exposed to soil for more than 37 years. The results showed that the strength of the in situ quicklime-treated soil remained, even after 37 years. However, the deformation modulus tended to decrease and the treated soil deteriorated from the surface.
A violência simbólica no poder judiciário: desafios à efetividade da proteção aos direitos humanos das mulheres
Authors: Silva Artenira Da Silva e , Passos Kennya Mesquita
Published: November 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar, partindo de um estudo de caso, manifestações simbólicas patriarcais na aplicação da Lei Maria da Penha, e analisar, a partir da compreensão do magistrado a respeito das formas de violência contra a mulher e da condição de mulher em situação de violência, os desafios à efetividade na proteção aos Direitos Humanos das Mulheres, refletindo acerca da necessidade da capacitação técnica dos operadores do Direito nas temáticas de gênero, para o enfrentamento de todas as formas de violência contra a mulher, conforme disciplinam os estatutos jurídicos internacionais de proteção aos Direitos Humanos, e em especial a violência institucional, manifestada na violência simbólica, reproduzida pelo próprio Estado, que submete a mulher a uma dupla vitimização.