bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobile Cloud Computing Integrating Cloud, Mobile Computing, and Networking Services Through Virtualization
Authors: Verma Chitresh , Pandey Rajiv
Published: March 2021

Mobile computing is a critical technology area which is actively integrated with field of cloud computing. It is broadly an application of virtualization technology at both ends of client server architecture. The mobile and cloud computing is a natural combination as mobile devices have limited computing and storage capacity, thus to reap the benefits of high end computing, cloud is the answer. Thus, amalgamation of mobile platform with cloud platform is inevitable. This chapter shall deliberate on the various aspects of mobile computing, mobile cloud computing and its relationship with virtualization technology. The detailed integration aspects and virtualization shall be signified through case study and suitable real time examples. The chapter shall envisage a case study, modeling the virtualization in the context of mobile cloud.
Fog vs. Cloud Computing Architecture
Authors: Kaushik Shweta , Gandhi Charu
Published: March 2021

Cloud computing has emerged as a new technology that allows the users to acquire resources at anytime, anywhere by connecting with internet. It provides the options to users for renting of infrastructure, storage space, and services. One service issue that affects the QoS of cloud computing is network latency while dealing with real-time application. In this, the user interacts directly with application but delays in receiving the services, and jitter delay will encourage the user to think about this. In today's world, clients are moving towards the IoT techniques, enabling them to connect all things with internet and get their services from cloud. This advancement requires introduction of new technology termed as “fog computing.” Fog computing is an extension of cloud computing that provides the service at the edge of the network. Its proximity to end users, mobility support, and dense distribution reduces the service latency and improves QoS. This fog model provides the prosperity for advertisement and entertainment and is well suited for distributed data model.
A Fault-Tolerant Scheduling Algorithm Based on Checkpointing and Redundancy for Distributed Real-Time Systems
Authors: Kada Barkahoum , Kalla Hamoudi
Published: March 2021

Real-time systems are becoming ever more widely used in life-critical applications, and the need for fault-tolerant scheduling can only grow in the years ahead. This article presents a novel fault tolerance approach for tolerating transient faults in hard real-time systems. The proposed approach combines both checkpointing with rollback and active replication to tolerate several transient faults. Based on this approach, a new static fault-tolerant scheduling algorithm SFTS is presented. It is based on a list of scheduling heuristics which satisfy the application time constraints even in the presence of faults by exploring the spare capacity of available processors in the architecture. Simulation results show the performance and effectiveness of the proposed approach compared to other fault-tolerant approaches. The results reveal that in the presence of multiple transient faults, the average timing overhead of this approach is lower than checkpointing technique. Moreover, the proposed algorithm SFTS achieves better feasibility rate in the presence of multiple transient faults.
Energy-Efficient Task Consolidation for Cloud Data Center
Authors: Patra Sudhansu Shekhar
Published: March 2021

Energy saving in a Cloud Computing environment is a multidimensional challenge, which can directly decrease the in-use costs and carbon dioxide emission, while raising the system consistency. The process of maximizing the cloud computing resource utilization which brings many benefits such as better use of resources, rationalization of maintenance, IT service customization, QoS and reliable services, etc., is known as task consolidation. This article suggests the energy saving with task consolidation, by minimizing the number of unused resources in a cloud computing environment. In this article, various task consolidation algorithms such as MinIncreaseinEnergy, MaxUtilECTC, NoIdleMachineECTC, and NoIdleMachineMaxUtil are presented aims to optimize energy consumption of cloud data center. The outcomes have shown that the suggested algorithms surpass the existing ECTC and FCFSMaxUtil, MaxMaxUtil algorithms in terms of the CPU utilization and energy consumption.
An Efficient Server Minimization Algorithm for Internet Distributed Systems
Authors: Mishra Swati , Panda Sanjaya Kumar
Published: March 2021

The increasing use of online services leads to an unequal distribution of the loads among the servers. As a result, the problem is to balance the loads among the servers such that the total number of active servers is minimized. One of the possible solutions is to transfer the loads from the underutilized server to a suitable server and make the underutilized server to sleep mode. In this paper, a server minimization algorithm (SMA) is proposed for the solution of server minimization and the load balancing problem. The proposed algorithm reduces the number of servers by merging the loads of the two least loaded servers. Then it determines the standard deviation of the server loads for load balancing. The proposed SMA is compared with an existing load balancing algorithm using the number of minimized servers, load standard deviation and load factor. The simulation results show the efficacy of the SMA.
Resource Sharing
Authors: Tella Adeyinka , Quardri Femi , Bamidele Sunday Segun , Ajiboye Olubukola Oluyemisi
Published: March 2021

The chapter examined resource sharing as vehicle for effective library information dissemination and services in the digital age. In relation to this purpose, studies have shown that the global information explosion, the cut in library budgetary allocations, the rising costs and complexities of information resources, as well as the need to provide the user community with optimal access to needed information make resource sharing initiatives indispensable particularly among academic libraries for effective information dissemination and service delivery in the digital age. However, certain questions remain unanswered in the literature regarding resource sharing. They include: How can libraries engage in effective dissemination of information to the clientele through resource sharing? How can resource sharing result to effective service delivery in academic library? Is there a reflection of resource sharing in Nigeria? What is the nature of resource sharing in this digital age? What does the future hold regarding resource sharing in academic libraries and what are the issues/challenges associated with resource sharing by academic libraries in the digital age? It is expected that this chapter will provide answers to all these pertinent questions.
Realm Towards Service Optimization in Fog Computing
Authors: Tiwari Ashish , Sharma Rajeev Mohan
Published: March 2021

Fog Computing provides resources as a service. Various providers are providing the best form of Quality of Services (QoS) which works in the principal of pay per use. Now it is important to connect the Internet of Things (IoT) services in fog computing. The strategy for choosing a service provider is assessed by which cloud provider provides what.
Cloud Learning Management System in Higher Education
Authors: Chen Chin Kang , Almunawar Mohammad Nabil
Published: March 2021

The main objective of this chapter is to discuss the growth of cloud-based learning management system (LMS) in higher education. This will look at the benefits of LMS adoption and how it has grown in higher education institutions. The utilization of information and communication technology (ICT) has permeated in almost every aspect of life. This chapter will cover a brief introduction about cloud-based LMS, roles of LMS in education, drivers for adoption and advantages of cloud-based LMS, factors to consider in the adoption of cloud-based LMS, the need for LMS and end with conclusion and future directions of cloud-based LMS.
Cloud Computing Security Issues of Sensitive Data
Authors: Walia Manpreet Kaur , Halgamuge Malka N. , Hettikankanamage Nadeesha D. , Bellamy Craig
Published: March 2021

Numerous organizations are using aspects of the cloud to store data, but as sensitive data is placed on the cloud, privacy and security become difficult to maintain. When users upload data to the cloud, they may become increasingly vulnerable to account hijacking, unauthorized access, and the data may become unavailable because of various technical reasons. Questions remain about the security of sensitive data in the cloud, and in this chapter, the authors perform an analysis of 36 peer reviewed publications describing 30 observations of cloud computing technology (2010-2017). In the articles, applications of cloud computing include, for instance, business (26%) and the internet of things (IoT; 2%), and the result suggests that some issues are unique to a particular domain (such as business, education, health) and some issues cross all domains. The results suggest that data integrity issues have the highest number of solutions whereas data breaches have the lowest number of solutions.
Information Retrieval and Access in Cloud
Authors: Gupta Punit , Jha Ravi Shankar
Published: March 2021

With increase of information sharing over the internet or intranet, we require techniques to increase the availability of shared resource over large number of users trying to access the resources at the same time. Many techniques are being proposed to make access easy and more secure in distributed environment. Information retrieval plays an important to serve the most reliant data in least waiting, this chapter discuses all such techniques for information retrieval and sharing over the cloud infrastructure. Cloud Computing services provide better performance in terms of resource sharing and resource access with high reliability and scalability under high load.
Challenges and Opportunities in High Performance Cloud Computing
Authors: Devare Manoj Himmatrao
Published: March 2021

The scientist, engineers, and researchers highly need the high-performance computing (HPC) services for executing the energy, engineering, environmental sciences, weather, and life science simulations. The virtual machine (VM) or docker-enabled HPC Cloud service provides the advantages of consolidation and support for multiple users in public cloud environment. Adding the hypervisor on the top of bare metal hardware brings few challenges like the overhead of computation due to virtualization, especially in HPC environment. This chapter discusses the challenges, solutions, and opportunities due to input-output, VMM overheads, interconnection overheads, VM migration problems, and scalability problems in HPC Cloud. This chapter portrays HPC Cloud as highly complex distributed environment consisting of the heterogeneous types of architectures consisting of the different processor architectures, inter-connectivity techniques, the problems of the shared memory, distributed memory, and hybrid architectures in distributed computing like resilience, scalability, check-pointing, and fault tolerance.
Impact of E-HRM Strategies on Organizational Innovation by Knowledge Repository as Mediating Role
Authors: Khashman Aysar Mohammad
Published: March 2021

The current study is intended to provide the analysis of the direct and indirect relationships between (E-HRM) strategies and organizational innovation through a knowledge repository as a mediation construct. From various previous studies, five (E-HRM) strategies constructs were adopted for this study. These include e-recruitment, e-selection, e-training, e-performance appraisal, and e-compensations, and used the mediating role of a knowledge repository for these constructs to improve organizational innovation. The study applied the Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) software to analyze the underlying relationships amongst the most relevant constructs between (E-HRM) strategies, knowledge repositories, and organizational innovation with a total of seven constructs. As a result of analysis of the findings from middle managers (n = 94) working for the Royal Jordanian airline. It was found that there was a strong and statistically positive significant relationship between several (E-HRM) strategies and organizational innovation by using the knowledge repository as a mediation construct.
The Optimal Checkpoint Interval for the Long-Running Application
Authors: Zhai Yongning , Li Weiwei
Published: March 2021

For the distributed computing system, excessive or deficient checkpointing operations would result in severe performance degradation. To minimize the expected computation execution of the long-running application with a general failure distribution, the optimal equidistant checkpoint interval for fault tolerant performance optimization is analyzed and derived in this paper. More precisely, the optimal checkpointing period to determine the proper checkpoint sequence is proposed, and the derivation of the expected effective rate of the defined computation cycle is introduced. Corresponding to the maximal expected effective rate, the constraint of the optimal checkpoint sequence can be obtained. From the constraint of optimality, the optimal equidistant checkpoint interval can be obtained according to the minimal fault tolerant overhead ratio. By the numerical results, the proposal is practical to determine a proper equidistant checkpoint interval for fault tolerant performance optimization.
Projecting the Future of Cloud Computing in Education
Authors: Meletiou-Mavrotheris Maria , Koutsopoulos Kostis
Published: March 2021

Technological advances have provided the opportunity to create entirely new learning environments. A major technological breakthrough that has sparked innovation to most human activities and has a huge potential to radically transform education is cloud computing. This chapter reports on a Delphi study focused on the current and future impact of Cloud computing and its applications on education. It first provides a background to the study through an overview of the Delphi technique. Next, it describes how Delphi was applied in two-round investigation aimed at collecting and systematically classifying the views and knowledge of three groups of stakeholders (‘experts') concerning the future of Cloud computing in education. The chapter then presents the major findings from the two rounds of the study. It ends with drawing of conclusions and recommendations regarding how to move ahead with the use of Cloud computing in education in European countries and beyond.
EdgeCloud
Authors: Murthy Jamuna S.
Published: March 2021

In the recent years, edge/fog computing is gaining greater importance and has led to the deployment of many smart devices and application frameworks which support real-time data processing. Edge computing is an extension to existing cloud computing environment and focuses on improving the reliability, scalability, and resource efficiency of cloud by abolishing the need for processing all the data at one time and thus increasing the bandwidth of a network. Edge computing can complement cloud computing in a way leading to a novel architecture which can benefit from both edge and cloud resources. This kind of resource architecture may require resource continuity provided that the selection of resources for executing a service in cloud is independent of physical location. Hence, this research work proposes a novel architecture called “EdgeCloud,” which is a distributed management system for resource continuity in edge to cloud computing environment. The performance of the system is evaluated by considering a traffic management service example mapped into the proposed layered framework.
Burnout among Iranian medical students: Prevalence and its relationship to personality dimensions and physical activity
Authors: Khosravi Mohsen
Published: March 2021

Several studies have shown the association between personality traits and academic burnout. But the main goal of the present study was to find out an experimental answer to the following question: Does the relationship between personality dimensions and academic burnout is a simple relationship or physical activity can influence this relationship. In this cross-sectional correlational study, 417 medical students were selected from three major cities of Iran through stratified multistage sampling and assessed by demographic information form, Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire, Temperament and Character Inventory, and Breso’s Academic Burnout Questionnaire. Bivariate Pearson correlations and hierarchical linear regression were used to examine the relationships between academic burnout, personality traits, and physical activity. In this study, 400 medical students (39% male and 61% female) filled the questionnaires correctly. The total prevalence of academic burnout was 25.5% (n=102), with heterogeneous levels. Regression analysis indicated that in a multivariate model, being male (β=0.08, p=0.013), higher years of medical school (β=0.18, p˂0.001), and lower scores in novelty seeking (β=-0.53, p=0.006), cooperativeness (β=-0.55, p=0.010), and physical activity (β=-1.22, p˂0.001) could be attributed to higher scores of academic burnout. Furthermore, physical activity had a moderating role in “novelty seeking-academic burnout” (β=-0.47, p=0.044) and “cooperativeness-academic burnout” (β=-0.89, p=0.001) relationships (∆R2=0.02, p˂0.001). The results suggested that male gender, higher years of medical school, and lower levels of novelty seeking, cooperativeness, and physical activity are associated with higher levels of academic burnout among Iranian medical students. Therefore, paying attention to male gender and individual difference factors, as well as planning for physical education classes during the medicine courses (especially in the last years of medical school), seems essential. However, more extensive investigations need to be carried out in this field through longitudinal studies.
Mechanotendography: description and evaluation of a novel method for investigating the physiological mechanical oscillations of tendons using a piezo-based measurement system
Authors: Schaefer Laura V. , Bittmann Frank N.
Published: March 2021

The mechanotendography (MTG) is a method for analyzing the mechanical oscillations of tendons during muscular actions. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the technical reliability of a piezo-based measurement system used for MTG. The reliability measurements were performed by using audio samples played by a subwoofer. The thereby generated pressure waves were recorded by a piezo-based measurement system. An audio of 40 Hz sine oscillations and four different formerly in vivo recorded MTG-signals were converted into audio files and were used as test signals. Five trials with each audio were performed and one audio was used for repetition trials on another day. The signals’ correlation was estimated by Spearman (MCC) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC(3,1)), Cronbach’s alpha (CA) and by mean distances (MD). All parameters were compared between repetition and randomized matched signals. The repetition trials show high correlations (MCC: 0.86 ± 0.13, ICC: 0.89 ± 0.12, CA: 0.98 ± 0.03), low MD (0.03 ± 0.03V) and differ significantly from the randomized matched signals (MCC: 0.15 ± 0.10, ICC: 0.17 ± 0.09, CA: 0.37 ± 0.16, MD: 0.19 ± 0.01V) (p = 0.001 – 0.043). This speaks for an excellent reliability of the measurement system. Presuming the skin above superficial tendons oscillates adequately, we estimate this tool as valid for the application in musculoskeletal system.
Proteomic profiling of the interface between the stomach wall and the pancreas in dystrophinopathy
Authors: Dowling Paul , Gargan Stephen , Zweyer Margit , Sabir Hemmen , Henry Michael , Meleady Paula , Swandulla Dieter , Ohlendieck Kay
Published: March 2021

The neuromuscular disorder Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a multi-systemic disease that is caused by a primary abnormality in the X-chromosomal Dmd gene. Although progressive skeletal muscle wasting and cardio-respiratory complications are the most serious symptoms that are directly linked to the almost complete loss of the membrane cytoskeletal protein dystrophin, dystrophic patients also suffer from gastrointestinal dysfunction. In order to determine whether proteome-wide changes potentially occur in the gastrointestinal system due to dystrophin deficiency, total tissue extracts from the interface between the stomach wall and the pancreas of the mdx-4cv model of dystrophinopathy were analysed by mass spectrometry. Following the proteomic establishment of both smooth muscle markers of the gastrointestinal system and key enzymes of the pancreas, core members of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, including dystrophin, dystroglycans, sarcoglycans, dystrobrevins and syntrophins were identified in this tissue preparation. Comparative proteomics revealed a drastic reduction in dystrophin, sarcoglycan, dystroglycan, laminin, titin and filamin suggesting loss of cytoskeletal integrity in mdx-4cv smooth muscles. A concomitant increase in various mitochondrial enzymes is indicative of metabolic disturbances. These findings agree with abnormal gastrointestinal function in dystrophinopathy.
To contrast and reverse skeletal muscle weakness by Full-Body In-Bed Gym in chronic COVID-19 pandemic syndrome
Authors: Carraro Ugo , Albertin Giovanna , Martini Alessandro , Giuriati Walter , Guidolin Diego , Masiero Stefano , Kern Helmut , Hofer Christian , Marcante Andrea , Ravara Barbara
Published: March 2021

Mobility-impaired persons, either very old or younger but suffering with systemic neuromuscular disorders or chronic organ failures, spend small amounts of time for daily physical activity, contributing to aggravate their poor mobility by resting muscle atrophy. Sooner or later the limitations to their mobility enforce them to bed and to more frequent hospitalizations. We include among these patients at risk those who are negative for the SARS-COV-2 infection, but suffering with COVID-19 pandemic syndrome. Beside managements of psychological symptoms, it is mandatory to offer to the last group physical rehabilitation approaches easy to learn and self-managed at home. Inspired by the proven capability to recover skeletal muscle contractility and strength by home-based volitional exercises and functional electrical stimulation, we suggest also for chronic COVID-19 pandemic syndrome a 10–20 min long daily routine of easy and safe physical exercises that can activate, and recover from weakness, the main 400 skeletal muscles used for every-day mobility activities. Persons can do many of them in bed (Full-Body in-Bed Gym), and hospitalized patients can learn this light training before leaving the hospital. It is, indeed, an extension of well-established cardiovascular-respiratory rehabilitation training performed after heavy surgical interventions. Blood pressure readings, monitored before and after daily routine, demonstrate a transient decrease in peripheral resistance due to increased blood flow of many muscles. Continued regularly, Full-Body in-Bed Gym may help maintaining independence of frail people, including those suffering with the COVID-19 pandemic syndrome.
Gerta Vrbová, a guide and a friend for a generation of neuro-myologists – Her scientific legacies and relations with colleagues
Authors: Carraro Ugo
Published: March 2021

Gerta Sidonová - Vrbová, (Trnava, Slovakia, November 28, 1926 - London, UK, October 2, 2020) has been a key neuroscientist, who for almost half a century has contributed important findings and hypotheses on the relationships between motoneurons and skeletal muscle fibers, in particular on the differentiation and extent of plasticity of the peculiar characteristics of the different types of fibers present in mammalian muscles. This issue, Ejtm 31 (1), 2021, opens with the personal obituary authored by Dirk Pette, who remember his lifelong collaboration with Gerta, describing the many molecular and metabolic events that occur by changing the pattern of activation of adult muscle fibers through neuromuscular low frequency electrical stimulation. To honor the many scientific legacies of Gerta Vrbová and her impact on a generation of researchers studying myology and managements of neuromuscular disorders I add here additional examples of Gerta’s scientific heritage and of her relations with colleagues.
Функции, универсальные относительно тригонометрической системы
Authors: Grigoryan Martin Gevorgovich , Galoyan Levon Nikolaevich
Published: March 2021

В статье построена интегрируемая функция, ряд Фурье которой обладает следующим свойством: после выбора подходящих знаков для коэффициентов этого ряда частичные суммы вновь полученного ряда будут плотными в $L^p$, $p\in(0,1)$.
Библиография: 26 наименований.
Surveillance and Epidemiology of Dengue in Medellín, Colombia from 2009 to 2017
Authors: Warnes Colin M. , Santacruz-Sanmartín Eduardo , Bustos Carrillo Fausto , Vélez Iván Darío
Published: March 2021

Dengue is the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease in humans, primarily transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. We conducted a descriptive analysis of dengue cases from 2009 to 2017 in Medellín, Colombia, using data available from the Secretariat of Health. We analyzed the burden of outbreak years on the healthcare system, risk of cases exhibiting severe illness, potential disease surveillance problems, gender and age as risk factors, and spatiotemporal patterns of disease occurrence. Our data consisted of 50,083 cases, separated based on whether they were diagnostic test negative, diagnostic test positive (primarily IgM ELISA), clinically confirmed, epidemiologically linked, or probable. We used dengue incidence to analyze epidemiological trends between our study years, related to human movement patterns, between gender and age-groups, and spatiotemporally. We used risk to analyze the severity of dengue cases between the study years. We identified human movement could contributed to dengue spread, and male individuals (incidence rate: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76–0.96) and individuals younger than 15 years (incidence rate: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.13–1.34) have higher incidence of dengue and located critical parts of the city where dengue incidence was high. Analysis was limited by participant diagnostic information, data concerning circulating strains, and a lack of phylogenetic information. Understanding the characteristics of dengue is a fundamental part of improving the health outcomes of at-risk populations. This analysis will be useful to support studies and initiatives to counteract dengue and provide context to the surveillance data collected by the health authorities in Medellín.
Vascular flora of Jelenovac Forest Park (Zagreb, Croatia)
Authors: Justić Marta , Bučar Marija , Vizec Petra , Vukres Ana , Šegota Vedran
Published: March 2021

A floristic study of Jelenovac Forest Park, located in Zagreb city centre, was conducted during the vegetation season of 2019. In total, 255 vascular plant taxa were recorded, divided into 75 plant families, of which Compositae (12.55%), Rosaceae (7.06%) and Poaceae (6.67%) are the most represented. The spectrum of life-forms indicates the dominance of hemicryptophytes (43.14%) and phanerophytes (27.45%). The chorological analysis shows a domination of Eurasian floral element (27.45%), followed by large share of widespread (22.35%) and cultivated and adventitious plants (18.04%). Only one threatened, three strictly protected and as many as 12 invasive plant taxa were found. Comparison of flora of Jelenovac with similar urban and suburban areas of Zagreb conglomeration yielded diverse results, but still reflecting the common biogeographical position and influence of temperate climate and indicating a comparatively high anthropogenic influence.
TAMRA BHASMA PREPARATION & IT’S EFFICACY IN OBESITY
Authors: Dahikar Gunja K. , Kamble Sandip B. , Gupta Shashiprabha
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Now a day Sthaulya (obesity) has become a burning problem in the world. The world popu-lation is estimated at about 6.5 billion. There are more than a billion, overweight people in the world. Many theories have been put forward with many new hypothesis describing this disorder in Ayurveda as well as in modern science, there is enough scope to work out on its etio-pathology and management aspect of the Sthaulya, because in modern medical science its management aspect remains symptomatic with trouble-some side effects. On the light of above, present study has been selected. Aim: To study efficacy of Tamra Bhasma in obesity on albino rats
Method: Tamra Bhasma was prepared in Rasshastra dept .24 albino rats were taken for experiment. A spe-cialized high fat diet was given to 18 rats and then treated with Tamra Bhasma. The weight, BMI, ab-dominal girth was done to evaluate its effect on 0, 10th, 20th, 30th days & result were compared. Result: Data was collected and analysed using student ‘t’ test. As per weight, abdominal girth & BMI value it can says that it is best drug for obesity
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON GREEVA BASTI AND ITS MODIFIED SCHEDULE IN GREEVA HUNDANAM WITH TILA TAILA
Authors: J. R Sreejith. , Kumar Vikram
Published: March 2021

Greeva Hundanam is a condition in which vitiated Vata lodges in the neck region and leads to stiffness of the neck with signs and symptoms of vitiation of Vata. The word Greeva means neck. The word Hun-danam conveys two meanings. The first one is “Shiro Prabhrutinam Antah Pravesha”. It means inward intrusion of the head and its allied parts. It is possible due to implication with cervical parts. Structural de-formity is also a suggestive condition. The other meaning is “Greeva Stambha”, which denotes the re-striction of the movements of the neck. Cervical Spondylosis is the degenerative condition of the cervical spine with signs and symptoms like neck pain, numbness, muscle spasm, neck stiffness, restricted range of movements of neck etc. Signs and symptoms of Greeva Hundanam resembles with that of Cervical Spon-dylosis. So, both Clinical Conditions can be compared with each other. Tila Taila is having Vatahara prop-erty used in treating Vatavyadhi. Also, in the previous study it has been reported that Tila Taila used in Greeva Basti was beneficial in reducing the signs and symptoms of Greeva Hundanam. So, in this study an attempt was done to evaluate and compare the effect of Greeva Basti and its modified schedule in Greeva Hundanam with Tila Taila.
CONSERVATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS: A REVIEW
Authors: Kadam Santosh T. , Pawar Ashalata D.
Published: March 2021

Ayurveda [traditional medicine of India as per WHO], the holistic science of medicine, as practised and utilized by Indians at large since centuries is now being globally accepted which has increased the demand for medicinal plants. Majority of population in the developing countries like India depends on the tradi-tional systems of medicine like Ayurveda for their primary healthcare needs. Increasing demand of medic-inal plants leads to irrational cutting deforestation leading to depletion of the wild resources. Moreover, the natural and manmade calamities lead to further depletion of medicinal plant diversity. Conservation aims at supporting sustainable development by wing the biological resources in ways that don’t deplete the world’s variety of species or destroy their ecosystems. It involves measures such as collection, propagation, evalua-tion, disease identification and elimination, storage and distribution. Conservation of medicinal plants and their genetic resources can be undertaken by in-situ and ex-situ conservation. Ex-situ conservation involves conservation of medium plants outside their natural habitat used to safeguard them from destruction, re-placement or deterioration. Ex-situ conservation includes procedure like seed storage, DNA storage, field gene banks and botanical gardens etc
ROLE OF MAHAT PANCHA GAVYA GHRITA IN DEPRESSION – A CONCEPTUAL STUDY
Authors: E Durga.
Published: March 2021

One of the most ancient systems of medicine-Ayurveda, developed thousands of years ago, even today continues to stun the scientific faculties all over the world by its highly evolved concepts. Psychiatry is the branch dealing with the disorders of mind and its management. Among the eight branches in Ayurveda, 'Bhutavidya’ is the Ayurvedic psychiatric branch. Ayurveda adopts a comprehensive psychosomatic approach, for the man-agement of the diseases. Ayurveda can be adopted as an effective mode of intervention in depression.
AYURVEDIC HERBS IN DADRU WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RINGWORM - A REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors: Subhrajyoti Chakraborty , 2 Shalini , Prasad Sah Mahesh , O. P Singh
Published: March 2021

Skin is an important and most visible organ of our body. Any disease related to skin can create physical as well as psychological problems in an individual. In recent years there has been increase in the incidence of skin problems in the tropical and developing countries like India due to various factors like pollution, un-hygienic condition etc. In Ayurveda all the skin disease considered in Kustha, which are further catego-rized into Mahakustha and Kshudrakustha. Dadru is one of the most common but miserable variety of Kustha affects the population of all age groups and it stands as a challenge to different medical systems inspite of many advances. Dadru is a Kapha Pitta Pradhan Vyadhi and the management of which includes Shodhana(elimination), Shamana (alleviation) and Bahirparimarjana (external application) Chikitsa. Da-dru can be correlated with Ringworm in modern terminology. Ringworm is a common fungal skin infection otherwise known as tinea. Ringworm most commonly affects the skin on the body (tinea corporis), the scalp (tinea capitis), the feet (tinea pedis), or the groin (tinea cruris). It is the commonest single fungus group infections found in an unhygienic environment. In modern various antifungal agents like Flucona-zole, Miconazole, Itraconazole etc. have been used for the treatment of these infections. In Ayurveda, so many herbs like Cakramarda, Bakuchi, Karanja, Rasona, Haridra etc. having antifungal activity which are experimentally proved to control and treat Dadru Kustha without any adverse effect.
ROLE OF BHRAMARI PRANAYAMA IN PREVENTION AND PROMOTION OF
MENTAL HEALTH - A REVIEW
Authors: Shinde Pranita K , Jadhao Kalpana , Shinde Pradnya , Godbole Milind M
Published: March 2021

Background -In today’s era lifestyle of people has become very mechanical. Everyone is running in a rat race for target achievement, which results in stress. This stress further effects on physical as well as mental health of an individual. Mental health is the balanced development of emotional attitudes and personality which live harmoniously with all society or community. Mental disorders are characterized by alternation in thinking, mood or behaviour associate with impaired functioning. Mental and behavioural disorders are found in all age groups, and the prevalence rate is about 10%. To overcome these problems, everyone should concentrate on prevention and promotion of health. For physical health healthy diet, daily regimen, seasonal regimen & exercise etc. are the preventive major, and for prevention of mental health Sadvrit-tapalan, application of Acharrasayana, yoga & meditation practises are essential. Yoga consists of eight processes, in this Pranayam is very important to achieve control on Indriyas that is sense organs. Bhramari Pranayam is one of significant type of Ashtakumbhaka & very easy to practice. Vibrations produced due to humming sound of Bhramari Pranayam affects directly on the hypothalamus of the brain, causing a resonance in mind which relieves stress and produces calmness and happiness in the whole body. This arti-cle deals with the role of Bhramari Pranayama in prevention and promotion of mental health to provide a better solution. Aim - To study the role of Bhramari Pranayama in prevention and promotion of mental health.
Setting & Design – Literary study. Material & Methods - The present investigation is based on primary & secondary sources of data mainly collected from literature studies of various Ayurvedic Samhitas & texts as well as numerous published research articles. Results & Conclusions This study illustrates that Bhramari Pranayama plays an important role in prevention of mental health as well as curative effects on mental disorders like stress, anxiety depression. According to Ayurveda, regular practice of Bhramari Pranayama decreases the Raja and Tamadosha and increases Satvaguna, which further helps to build mental health. There is a considerable scope to study the effect of Bhramari Pranayam through clinical trials to develop the present study.
TANTRAYUKTI – THE LEARNING TOOLS TO ACQUIRE THE ESSENCE OF
SAMHITAS
Authors: James Anitta , Shetty M. R. Sajjan , Kannoli G. N.
Published: March 2021

Tantra (Treatise) is that by which the body can be protected and treated. Yukti are the reasonable tools used for proper planning, assessment and gaining of true knowledge by analyzing multiple factors using intelli-gence. The learning tools used for decorating and assessing the concepts mentioned in the Tantra is called as Tantrayukti. Ayurvedic classics have been written by the using Tantrayuktiby removing Tantradosha (Defects in treatise) and by applying Tantraguna (Qualities of a good treatise). The main utility of Tan-trayukti is to amplify and enlighten the readers with the intended meaning mentioned in the Tantras which can be achieved through amplification of the sentences and by enlightening the meaning of the sentences. Yet another utility of Tantrayukti is the proper arrangement of words in a sentence and its exact meaning. Even the topics not mentioned clearly can be revealed, the concise topics can be elaborated, and hidden meanings can be brought into limelight. Only when we understand them properly and become master of it, can we apply them practically. Thus, these age-old learning tools can be used by modern researchers espe-cially in literary, fundamental, clinical and experimental research fields as it helps in expansion and en-lightenment of hidden meanings between the lines. The main objective of this article is to discuss Tan-trayukti in general with its introduction, utility, types and importance as a learning tool or technique and thereby understanding its role in reestablishing and exploring new hidden concepts in Ayurvedic treatise.
STUDY OF PERICARDIUM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ‘KALA SHARIR’
Authors: Suryavanshi Rahul S. , Kotangale Yogesh T. , Kotangale Sumedha Y.
Published: March 2021

During graduation when we study Rachana Sharir in first year, lot of textbooks of Rachana Sharir men-tion ‘Pericardium’ as a ‘Vishesh Kala’. But when we study the Sharir Sthana of Sushrut Samhita, Charak Samhita, there is not any word related to this ‘Vishesh Kala’. Also, when we study Sharir Sthana of Charak or Sushrut, whether they mention the Pericardium or not, if mentioned in which topic they mentioned. And what is the term used for pericardium in Ayurveda. Is it ‘Hridayacchadit Kala’ or ‘Hridayavaran’. Hri-dayarnava is mentioned in Charak Samhita as a Kalpa which are very useful to protect heart from poisons (Visha Chikitsa). To know that, when Ayurvedic and modern literature study and dissection was done it was observed that there are only Sevan Kala. Charak, Sushrut, Vagbhat or no other Acharya mention Vish-esh Kala. Kala is a gross organ. The Kala are the nervous, intestinal, and mucous membranes, meaning they belong to the Fibrous, Serous, or Mucous Membrane. Along with the Dharan of Kala, there are other functions that can vary according to the Kala, that is, Kala has special qualities. Charak, Sushruta, Vagbhata have not described any special Kala. Pericardium is very similar to Mansadhara Kala, so it seems reasonable to include it in Mansadhara Kala.
REVIEW ARTICLE - RATIONAL USE OF SWARNA PRASHANA IN CHILDREN IN CURRENT TIMES OF COVID 19 CRISIS
Authors: Srivastava Mayank
Published: March 2021

In this unfortunate period of COVID 19 pandemic when saving lives has become priority above all issues, the interests of our future, the children, are being hurt the most. Deprivation of psycho-social and envi-ronmental elements during the childhood period of human life can seriously jeoparadize the physical, men-tal, social and immunological development of children. Consequentially in post-COVID period many of our children are likely not to grow up to their inherent genetic potential and thus manifest as laggards in their respective fields. This crucial childhood specific health issue arising out of COVID 19 conditions can however be effectively managed by a simple and time tested Ayurvedic therapeutic measure of ‘Swarna Prashana’. Its principal ingredient is gold. In pre COVID 19 times, the major trend of administering Swarna Prashana in our country was of giving it monthly as a pulse therapy (on Pushya Nakshatra). But in view of the present 24X7 threat of n-CoV 2019, the most reasonable approach of would be of daily ad-ministration in the initial few months, thereafter, followed by a strategic shift to pulse therapy. 0.25 mg/kg/day appear to be a rational daily dose of Swarna (bhasma) for Swarna Prashana in children. Thus, considering its potential of ensuring a maximum possible overall growth and development of a child and in turn the nation too, Swarna Prashana should be urgently launched as a national program in the present time of crisis.
THE CONCEPT OF STANYA DUSTI AND ITS ROLE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF EARLY INFANTILE AILMENTS -A CASE STUDY
Authors: Meenaj Mulla , Sudha Singh , Satish Thube , M. S Deodas
Published: March 2021

Breast milk is the prime source of nourishment to a newborn baby. Breast milk improves the physical as well as mental strength and immunity of the baby. In Ayurveda unique concept of Stanya dusti or milk vi-tiation has been described in which mother food and activities affect the quality and quantity of milk. If mother indulges in unwholesome diet and lifestyle habits, then the milk gets vitiated and leads to various diseases in her baby. It shows that only treating the symptoms of baby is not enough. So, the treatment of vitiated breast milk is equally important. In Ayurveda certain herbs and formulations are specifically indi-cated for detoxifying the breast milk and improve the quality of milk and growth of the baby along with liberation of vitiated symptoms.
COMPLETE MANAGEMENT OF ARDITA (BELL’S PALSY) AS PER AYURVEDA CHIKITSA SUTRA – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Meena Ram Lakhan , Bhatted Santoshkumar , Meena Nilam
Published: March 2021

Bell’s palsy, also known as acute idiopathic lower motor neuron facial paralysis, is characterized by sud-den onset paralysis or weakness of the muscles to one side of the face controlled by the facial nerve. In contemporary science, administration of steroids is the treatment of choice for complete facial palsy. Cer-tain Panchakarma procedures and internal Ayurvedic medicines have been proved to be beneficial in the management of Ardita vata. The present report deals with a case of 62-year-old male patient diagnosed as Ardita vata was treated with various Panchakarma procedures like Nasya, Shirobasti, Kukkutanda Swedana, Dashmoola Ksheer Dhoom, Gandoosh and oral Ayurveda medicines. Criteria of assessment was based on the scoring of House-Brackmann Facial Nerve Grading scale. After completion of Ayurveda treatment, the patient Shown almost complete recovery without any adverse effects. This case is an evi-dence to demonstrate the effectiveness of Ayurveda treatment in case of Ardita vata (Bell’s palsy).
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF WAGNER’S GRADE II DIABETIC ULCER - A CASE STUDY
Authors: Pillai Sreeja , Kamat Nitin , Paradkar Hemant , Pathrikar Anaya
Published: March 2021

Diabetic ulcer has been a challenge to be tackled since there is deficiency of growth factors and impaired immunity, which can lead to amputation if timely intervention is not done. A 59-year-old male patient with a history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus for 10 years presented with a non-healing foot ulcer since 1year. He was managed with Ayurvedic internal and external medications at OPD level. After 3 months, the outcome was encouraging with complete epithelialization along with improvement in his generalized complaints like lethargy, irregular bowel movements etc.
SUCCESSFULLY TREATED CASE OF GALAGANDA (HYPOTHYROIDISM) WITH THE HELP OF HERBOMINERAL COMPOUND – A CASE STUDY
Authors: Dhawale Shilpa , Dhawale Vaibhav , Raghuwanshi Bhushan
Published: March 2021

Thyroid problems are among the most common endocrine disorders presently seen worldwide. Hypothy-roidism results when the thyroid gland fails to produce enough of the thyroid hormone, due to structural or functional impairment that significantly impairs its output of hormones, this leads to the hypo metabolic state of hypothyroidism. According to Charaka presentation of multiple Granthi around the neck is called Gandmala and single swelling on the Parshava of the neck is Galganda. So Galganda can be co-related with hypothyroidism. The root cause of hypothyroidism is disequilibrium of tridosha. This is an effort to find out better treatment of Galagand by successfully treated case of Galagand with help of hypothetical herbomineral compound.
AYURVEDIC IMMUNOMODULATION THERAPY IN POST COVID CARE W.S.R TO PCFS SCALE-A SINGLE CASE REPORT
Authors: Wankhede Sonal D. , Kamble Nitesh K. , Khond Kavita
Published: March 2021

Hereby, presenting a Case of a 36 years old male patient who was found positive for COVID-19 with high grade fever, dry cough, Anorexia, dyspepsia and fatigue. The patient was not found to have any history of Hypertension, diabetes or any kind of metabolic diseases and hence, was not required to get hospitalized or take any kind of intensive care treatments. Overall, he was just allowed to get home-isolated and advised to follow all the instructions for the quarantine period and was fortunately found negative after successive 2 weeks. But, as we know the, ‘After Effects’ of the disease are still more complicated and there is no clear-cut answer coming out to this menace. Studies show that the Drastic fluctuation in the patient’s immune mechanism is the most accepted fact regarding the aftereffects of COVID and hence, it is quite important to focus on improving and boosting patients’ immune system while dealing with post COVID-care. It is well known fact that post covid complications require formulations directly striking the immune mecha-nism of body,” i.e. Immunomodulators’. Ayurvedic immunomodulators are nothing but Rasayanas which have the therapeutic potential to rejuvenate one’s immune system. Thus, in this Single case study patient is given a formulation of authentic Ayurvedic Rasayanas for the periodof one month. Patient was assessed objective by PCFS (Post Covid Functional Status) scale and subjectively on the basis of gradations of symptoms. Results were interpreted on the basis of data analysed. This short report is a genuine attempt to highlight the results of ayurvedic Immunomodulators in treating mild to moderate aftereffects of Covid-19 and rejuvenating one’s immune system which may be a promising step towards community health and pre-vention in the nearby future.