bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hollow Microsphere TiO2/ZnO p–n Heterojuction with High Photocatalytic Performance for 2,4-Dinitropheno Mineralization
Authors: Liu Yutang , Cai Tao , Wang Longlu , Zhang Shuqu , Zhang Guozhong , Xia Xinnian
Published: April 2017

A unique hollow microsphere TiO2/ZnO p–n heterojuction was successfully fabricated via a one-step hydrothermal method for degradation of 2,4-Dinitrophenol. The enhancement of mineralization of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) via photocatalytic degradation of TiO2/ZnO p–n heterojuction was investigated. The 2,4-DNP was degraded completely by TiO2/ZnO, and 78% of the total organic carbon (TOC) was removed which is greatly superior to that on the controlled TiO2, ZnO with 53%, 45%, respectively. A schematic diagram of photocatalytic oxidation mechanism of 2,4-DNP was also presented by [Formula: see text]OH radical detection. The oxidation of 2,4-DNP and the intermediate productions was based on the hydroxyl (OH) with a high oxidation potential of 2.8[Formula: see text]V. Moreover, the excellent stability and reliability of the TiO2/ZnO composite hollow microsphere photocatalyst demonstrated its promising application for removal of organic pollutant from water.
A note on two-variable Lommel matrix functions
Authors: Shehata Ayman
Published: April 2017

The aim of the present work is to develop a pair of Lommel matrix functions of two variables suggested by the Bessel matrix functions and some of their properties are studied to be special cases of our results.
Predicting the Pullout Capacity of Small Ground Anchors Using Nonlinear Integrated Computing Techniques
Authors: Kaloop Mosbeh R. , Hu Jong Wan , Elbeltagi Emad
Published: April 2017

This study investigates predicting the pullout capacity of small ground anchors using nonlinear computing techniques. The input-output prediction model for the nonlinear Hammerstein-Wiener (NHW) and delay inputs for the adaptive neurofuzzy inference system (DANFIS) are developed and utilized to predict the pullout capacity. The results of the developed models are compared with previous studies that used artificial neural networks and least square support vector machine techniques for the same case study. The in situ data collection and statistical performances are used to evaluate the models performance. Results show that the developed models enhance the precision of predicting the pullout capacity when compared with previous studies. Also, the DANFIS model performance is proven to be better than other models used to detect the pullout capacity of ground anchors.
Indoor Dead Reckoning Localization Using Ultrasonic Anemometer with IMU
Authors: Seo Woojin , Baek Kwang-Ryul
Published: April 2017

Dead reckoning is an important aspect of estimating the instantaneous position of a mobile robot. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) is generally used for dead reckoning because it measures triaxis acceleration and triaxis angular velocities in order to estimate the position of the mobile robot. Positioning with inertial data is reasonable for a short period of time. However, the velocity, position, and attitude errors increase over time. Much research has been conducted in ways to reduce these errors. To position a mobile robot, an absolute positioning method can be combined with dead reckoning. The performance of a combined positioning method can be improved based on improvement in dead reckoning. In this paper, an ultrasonic anemometer is used to improve the performance of dead reckoning when indoors. A new approach to the equation of an ultrasonic anemometer is proposed. The ultrasonic anemometer prevents divergence of the mobile robot’s velocity. To position a mobile robot indoors, the ultrasonic anemometer measures the relative movement of air while the robot moves through static air. Velocity data from the ultrasonic anemometer and the acceleration and angular velocity data from the IMU are combined via Kalman filter. Finally we show that the proposed method has the performance with a positioning method using encoders on a good floor condition.
Stability of Bar Code Information Stored in Magnetic Nanowire Arrays
Authors: Cisternas Eduardo , Vogel Eugenio E. , Faúndez Julián
Published: April 2017

Firmware applications such as security codes, magnetic keys, and similar products can be stored in magnetic bar codes similar to optical bar codes. This can be achieved on the triangular lattice present in porous alumina, whose pori can be filled by magnetic material, over which magnetic bar codes can be inscribed. We study the conditions to improve the durability of the stored information by minimizing the repulsive energy among wires with parallel magnetization within the same bar but interacting with attractive energy with wires in the neighboring bar. The following parameters are varied to minimize the energy of the system: relative amount of magnetization orientation within the bar code area in any orientation, width of the bars, and distribution of wider bars to the outside or to the inside of the code. It is found that durability of the code is favored for equal amount of magnetization in each direction, abundance of narrow bars trying to locate a few wider ones towards the center. Three real commercial optical bar codes taken at random were mapped into magnetic bar codes; it is found that the corresponding magnetic energies are similar to those analyzed here which provides a realistic test for this approach.
Synchronization in Coupled Multistable Systems with Hidden Attractors
Authors: PM Gokul , Kapitaniak Tomasz
Published: April 2017

In this paper, we study the results of coupling multistable systems which have hidden attractors with each other. Three modified Sprott systems were coupled and their synchronization was observed. The final state of the synchronized system changes with the change in the coupling strength. This was seen for two different types of coupling, one with a single variable and the other with two system variables.
Mitochondrial BAX Determines the Predisposition to Apoptosis in Human AML
Authors: Reichenbach Frank , Wiedenmann Cornelius , Schalk Enrico , Becker Diana , Funk Kathrin , Scholz-Kreisel Peter , Todt Franziska , Wolleschak Denise , Döhner Konstanze , Marquardt Jens U. , Heidel Florian , Edlich Frank
Published: April 2017

Purpose: Cell-to-cell variability in apoptosis signaling contributes to heterogenic responses to cytotoxic stress in clinically heterogeneous neoplasia, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The BCL-2 proteins BAX and BAK can commit mammalian cells to apoptosis and are inhibited by retrotranslocation from the mitochondria into the cytosol. The subcellular localization of BAX and BAK could determine the cellular predisposition to apoptotic death.

Experimental Design: The relative localization of BAX and BAK was determined by fractionation of AML cell lines and patient samples of a test cohort and a validation cohort.

Results: This study shows that relative BAX localization determines the predisposition of different AML cell lines to apoptosis. Human AML displays a surprising variety of relative BAX localizations. In a test cohort of 48 patients with AML, mitochondria-shifted BAX correlated with improved patient survival, FLT3-ITD status, and leukocytosis. Analysis of a validation cohort of 80 elderly patients treated with myelosuppressive chemotherapy confirmed that relative BAX localization correlates with probability of disease progression, FLT3-ITD status, and leukocytosis. Relative BAX localization could therefore be helpful to identify elderly or frail patients who may benefit from cytotoxic therapy.

Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis of two independent AML cohorts, our data suggest that Bax localization may predict prognosis of patients with AML and cellular predisposition to apoptosis, combining the actual contribution of known and unknown factors to a final “common path.” Clin Cancer Res; 23(16); 4805–16. ©2017 AACR.
A Zebrafish Model Discovers a Novel Mechanism of Stromal Fibroblast-Mediated Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Liu Caifeng , Zhang Yunjian , Lim Sharon , Hosaka Kayoko , Yang Yunlong , Pavlova Tatiana , Alkasalias Twana , Hartman Johan , Jensen Lasse , Xing Xiaoming , Wang Xinsheng , Lu Yongtian , Nie Guohui , Cao Yihai
Published: April 2017

Purpose: Cancer metastasis can occur at the early stage of tumor development when a primary tumor is at the microscopic size. In particular, the interaction of malignant cells with other cell types including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) in promoting metastasis at the early stage of tumor development remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of CAFs in facilitating the initial events of cancer metastasis when primary tumors were at microscopic sizes.

Experimental Design: Multicolor-coded cancer cells and CAFs were coimplanted into the transparent zebrafish body and metastasis at a single-cell level was monitored in living animals. Healthy fibroblasts, tumor factor–educated fibroblasts, and CAFs isolated from various tumors were tested for their ability to facilitate metastasis.

Results: We showed that CAFs promoted cancer cell metastasis at the very early stage during primary tumor development. When a primary tumor was at the microscopic size consisting of a few hundred cells, CAFs were able to hijack cancer cells for dissemination from the primary site. Surprisingly, a majority of metastatic cancer cells remained in tight association with CAFs in the circulation. Furthermore, stimulation of non–metastasis-promoting normal fibroblasts with TGF-B, FGF-2, HGF, and PDGF-BB led to acquisition of their metastatic capacity.

Conclusions: Cancer metastasis occurs at the very early stage of tumor formation consisting of only a few hundred cells. CAFs are the key cellular determinant for metastasis. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights on CAFs in promoting cancer metastasis and targeting CAFs for cancer therapy should be aimed at the early stage during cancer development. Clin Cancer Res; 23(16); 4769–79. ©2017 AACR.
French Children Start Their School Day with a Hydration Deficit
Authors: Bonnet Fabrice , Lepicard Eve M. , Cathrin Lucas , Letellier Catherine , Constant Florence , Hawili Nasrine , Friedlander Gérard
Published: April 2017

Background and Aims: Fluid requirements of children vary as a function of gender and age. To our knowledge, there is very little literature on the hydration status of French children. We assessed the morning hydration status in a large sample of 529 French schoolchildren aged 9–11 years. Methods: Recruited children completed a questionnaire on fluid and food intake at breakfast and collected a urine sample the very same day after breakfast. Breakfast food and fluid nutritional composition was analyzed and urine osmolality was measured using a cryoscopic osmometer. Results: More than a third of the children had a urine osmolality between 801 and 1,000 mosm/kg while 22.7% had a urine osmolality over 1,000 mosm/kg. This was more frequent in boys than in girls (p < 0.001). A majority of children (73.5%) drank less than 400 ml at breakfast. Total water intake at breakfast was significantly and inversely correlated with high osmolality values. Conclusions: Almost two thirds of the children in this large cohort had evidence of a hydration deficit when they went to school in the morning, despite breakfast intake. Children’s fluid intake at breakfast does not suffice to maintain an adequate hydration status for the whole morning.
The Correspondence between Winkler and Monakow During World War I
Authors: Koehler Peter J. , Jagella Caroline
Published: April 2017

The correspondence (1907-1930) between two leading European neurologists, Cornelis Winkler (1855-1941) and Constantin von Monakow (1853-1930), has been preserved in Amsterdam and Zurich. For this paper, letters exchanged during World War I were studied. Professional as well as personal issues were discussed. An international neurology meeting in Berne in September 1914 had to be cancelled due to the war. They hoped that (neuro)scientists would remain politically neutral, continue scientific cooperation, and even be able to influence the course of the war. Winkler and Monakow tried to continue their work on the International Brain Atlas. Although living in neutral countries (The Netherlands and Switzerland), they observed that their practice and scientific work suffered from war conditions. While Winkler continued his activities as a neurologist, Monakow, affected emotionally, experienced a change in scientific interest toward psychoneurology. He used his diaschisis concept, originally an explanation for transient phenomena in stroke, as a metaphor for the social and cultural effects of the war. He directly related cultural development and brain science, bringing in his own emotions, which resulted in the first of several publications on the relations between biology, brain science, and culture. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
Effect of Nutrition on Statural Growth
Authors: Gat-Yablonski Galia , De Luca Francesco
Published: April 2017

In children, proper growth and development are often regarded as a surrogate marker for good health. A complex system controls the initiation, rate, and cessation of growth, and thus gives a wonderful example of the interactions between genetics, epigenetics, and environmental factors (especially stress and nutrition). Malnutrition is considered a leading cause of growth attenuation in children. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding the mechanisms linking nutrition and skeletal growth, including systemic factors, such as insulin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, fibroblast growth factor-21, etc., and local mechanisms, including mTOR, miRNAs, and epigenetics. Studying the molecular mechanisms regulating skeletal growth may lead to the establishment of better nutritional and therapeutic regimens for more effective linear growth in children with malnutrition and growth abnormalities.
Value of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis versus Additional Views for the Assessment of Screen-Detected Abnormalities - a First Analysis
Authors: Heywang-Köbrunner Sylvia , Jaensch Alexander , Hacker Astrid , Wulz-Horber Sabina , Mertelmeier Thomas , Hölzel Dieter
Published: April 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to countercheck the equivalence of single-view digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) or DBT with additional views (DBT+AV) compared to traditional standard assessment by additional views (AV) in patients with a screen-detected abnormality. Patients and Methods: Patients with a screen-detected abnormality were consecutively invited to obtain 1 single-view wide-angle DBT in addition to the indicated AV. The study was approved by the local ethics committee and by the Federal Office for Radiation Protection. Results: This study is based on 311 lesions in 285 patients with a follow-up of > 2 years and/or biopsy. Counting BI-RADS 0 and 3 as positive calls, the sensitivity/specificity of DBT+AV versus DBT only versus AV only were 96.4/54.3%, 96.4/56.6%, and 90.9/42.2%, respectively. The specificities and BI-RADS classifications differed significantly (p < 0.01). AV appeared unnecessary in 88.8% of the cases. Conclusion: DBT appeared to be at least equivalent to AV for assessing indeterminate screen-detected lesions and could replace AV for most lesions. To obtain the extra information appears possible without increasing the overall radiation dose. Subsequent blinded reader studies are ongoing.
Guidelines for the Management of Diabetic Macular Edema by the European Society of Retina Specialists (EURETINA)
Authors: Schmidt-Erfurth Ursula , Garcia-Arumi Jose , Bandello Francesco , Berg Karina , Chakravarthy Usha , Gerendas Bianca S. , Jonas Jost , Larsen Michael , Tadayoni Ramin , Loewenstein Anat
Published: April 2017

Diabetic retinal disease is envisioned to become the plague of the coming decades with a steep increase of worldwide diabetes incidence followed by a substantial rise in retinal disease. Improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic care have to cope with this dilemma in a clinically and socioeconomically efficient manner. Laser treatment has found a less destructive competitor in pharmacological treatments. As a consequence of recent rigorous clinical trials, laser photocoagulation is no longer recommended for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME), and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy has emerged as first-line therapy. Steroids have maintained a role in the management of chronically persistent DME. The paradigm shifts in therapy are accompanied by a substantial break-through in diagnostics. The following guidance for the management of DME has been composed from the best updated knowledge of leading experts in Europe and represents another volume in the series of EURETINA recommendations for the management of retinal disease.
Feasibility of Real-Time Angiographic Perfusion Imaging in the Treatment of Cerebral Vasospasm
Authors: Donaldson Christopher , O'Neill Anthea H. , Slater Lee-Anne , Chong Winston , Lai Leon T. , Chandra Ronil V.
Published: April 2017

Background: Objective assessment and quantification of the severity of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is not routinely utilized. We investigated the feasibility of angiographic perfusion imaging derived from digital subtraction angiography (DSA) following endovascular vasospasm treatment procedures. Methodology: Real-time blood flow analysis was performed using parametric color coding on pre- and postintervention DSA. Semiquantitative parenchymal perfusion parameters (arrival time [AT] of contrast, time to peak [TTP] opacification, and mean transit time [MTT] of contrast) were calculated across 3 vascular territories (anterior cerebral artery [ACA], middle cerebral artery [MCA], and lenticulostriate arteries) using standard 2-D angiographic perfusion software. The pre- and postintervention arterial vessel diameters were compared. Results: Twelve endovascular vasospasm treatments in 6 patients were performed. All patients received intra-arterial vasodilator therapy with either nimodipine, milrinone, or both. Following intra-arterial intervention, parenchymal flow analysis showed improvement in TTP and MTT across all vascular territories (p < 0.002) and improvement in AT in the ACA and MCA territories (p < 0.03). Improvement in parenchymal perfusion parameters was associated with improvement in vessel diameters in all territories following treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Real-time parenchymal perfusion imaging during endovascular vasospasm treatment procedures is feasible and provides reliable semiquantitative measurement of angiographic treatment response.
An educational relationship in transfer: speech as educational act
Authors: Gevrey Vincent
Published: April 2017

Este artigo investiga a contratransferência na relação educativa a partir da experiência institucional de acompanhamento de um adolescente durante a participa- ção em uma oficina terapêutica de escrita-teatro. Desenvolvendo retrospectivamente uma reflexão clínica sobre as implicações contratransferenciais que se revelaram em minha prática profissional, proponho uma reflexão sobre meu engajamento psíquico como educador no ato educativo do afeto, apoiando-me em uma perspectiva psicanalítica, a fim de compreender o que estabelece uma relação. Assim, este artigo se propõe a responder à questão: o que quer dizer estar na relação?
Das ding and impasses of the object: two formulas of desire in seminar vii
Authors: Garcia Luiz Fernando Botto
Published: April 2017

Desde a década de 1930, Jacques Lacan trabalhava com a ideia kojeveana de que o desejo é desejo de desejo: o desejo do homem é desejo do Outro. Porém, quando lemos O seminário, livro 7: a ética da psicanálise, encontramos uma teoria diferente, que dá ao desejo o status de causado − trata-se de das Ding, a Coisa que é Causa. Neste artigo, busco pensar das Ding enquanto precursora do objeto a, como o conceito fundamental que dará a letra da virada lacaniana na teoria do desejo a partir de O Seminário, livro 10: a angústia
Metamorfismo de temperatura ultra-alta de granulitos com safirina de 2,0 Ga do Bloco Itabuna-Salvador-Curaçá, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Barbosa Johildo Salomão Figueiredo , Leal Angela Beatriz de Menezes , Fuck Reinhardt Adolfo , Oliveira Jailma Santos de Souza de , Gonçalves Philippe , Leite Carlson de Matos Maia
Published: April 2017

A área de pesquisa se situa no Cráton do São Francisco, no sul da Bahia, Brasil. Nessa região, no segmento crustal Bloco Itabuna-Salvador-Curaçá (BISC), ocorrem rochas supracrustais associadas a gnaisses tonalíticos/trondhjemíticos a monzoníticos e rochas máficas subordinadas, de idades arqueana e paleoproterozoica, todos fortemente deformados e reequilibrados na fácies granulito em 2,07 a 2,08 Ga. As rochas supracrustais incluem granulitos com safirina constituídos por quartzo, ortopiroxênio, silimanita, granada, mesopertita, plagioclásio, biotita e cordierita. Com base nos arranjos microestruturais entre os minerais constituintes dos granulitos com safirina, a paragênese de pico metamórfico é Grt1 + Opx1 + Bt1 + Qtz + Sil1 + Spr1 + Mp. Microestruturas de reações entre minerais, como coroas de simplectitos ao redor de porfiroblastos, permitiram identificar as seguintes paragêneses retrógradas, interpretadas como formadas durante a ascensão tectônica dessas rochas: Grt1 ± Qtz = Opx2 + Sil2, Grt1 = Opx2 + Spr2 (+ Sil2); Opx1 + Sil1 + Qtz = Crd e Grt1 + Qtz = Opx3 + Crd. Por sua vez, simplectitos de Bt2 + Qtz formados pela reação Opx1-2 + Mp + H2O = Bt2 + Qtz estão relacionados à evolução retrógrada durante resfriamento. Cálculos termobarométricos realizados com aplicação de termobarômetros clássicos e método de multiequilíbrios (THERMOCALC, por exemplo) indicaram P = 7-11 kbar e T ≥ 900°C para os granulitos com safirina. Um dos mecanismos associados à elevada temperatura está relacionado à adição de material radioativo com a presença de magmas basálticos durante a formação do BISC. A cristalização fracionada desses magmas produziu intrusões tonalíticas que datam de aproximadamente de 2,15 a 2,13 Ga, próximo do pico do metamorfismo de 2,07 a 2,08 Ga.
Análise estrutural do sistema de grabens do Rio Tocantins, borda oeste da Bacia do Parnaíba (estados do Tocantins, Pará e Maranhão - Brasil)
Authors: Souza Kauê Seoane , Sá Emanuel Ferraz Jardim de , Silva Fernando César Alves da
Published: April 2017

A borda oeste da Bacia do Parnaíba apresenta estruturas que a diferenciam do contexto em outras regiões na bacia. Destacam‑se duas estruturas do tipo graben (Araguaína e Muricizal), que compõem o sistema de grabens em estudo, a primeira já no interior da bacia, a segunda implantada diretamente sobre o embasamento cristalino (Faixa Araguaia). Nas bordas do graben principal (Araguaína), as formações Motuca e Pedra de Fogo são balizadas por falhas normais ou normais oblíquas sinistrais. Mais a sul, na região de Palmas-Miracema do Tocantins, o Grupo Serra Grande, a Formação Pimenteiras e o embasamento cristalino estão em contato por falhas normais. O segundo graben, localizado a oeste do principal, também acomoda a Formação Motuca e unidades sotopostas, possuindo a mesma orientação. A análise de imagens SRTM auxiliou na cartografia dos fotolineamentos, dos grabens e, associada aos dados de campo, permitiu a proposição de três eventos deformacionais (D1, D2 e D3). A orientação N-S das falhas envolve uma variação de 20º-30º para E ou W, controlada pelas anisotropias do embasamento cristalino nesta borda da bacia, relacionadas à Faixa Araguaia. Falhas de regime normal e normal sinistral evidenciam uma distensão NE durante a formação dos grabens (evento D1). A idade mínima para D1 é estimada no intervalo Permo-Triássico, baseada nas relações estruturais e estratigráficas. Na região norte do mesmo, fotolineamentos E-W/ENE controlam o alojamento de basaltos e diabásios eojurássicos da Suíte Mosquito (evento D2), que interceptam as estruturas do graben principal. A distensão NNE na Suíte Mosquito e falhas normais ou transcorrentes exibindo distensão NW (evento D3) são tentativamente correlacionadas aos eventos de abertura do Atlântico Central e Sul, respectivamente.
A Zaydī Multitext Manuscript from the Glaser Collection (Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin): ms Glaser 37
Authors: Pukhovaia Ekaterina
Published: April 2017

This communication provides an expanded description of the contents of a Yemeni codex from the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin,msGlaser 37. It discusses the dating of the codex and some of the unique texts preserved in it.
New records of deep-sea shrimps of family Solenoceridae Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata) from Southwestern Atlantic
Authors: ALVES-JÚNIOR FLAVIO DE ALMEIDA , ARAÚJO MARINA DE SÁ LEITÃO CÂMARA DE , SOUZA-FILHO JESSER F.
Published: April 2017

This paper reports the occurrence of four deep waters shrimps of the family Solenoceridae in the southwestern Atlantic, Brazil. The rare Hadropenaeus modestus is collected for the second time from Brazilian waters after 138 years, filling the gaps on its distributional pattern. Mesopenaeus tropicalis is a new register for Potiguar basin, although it is common along Brazilian coast. Hymenopenaeus chacei and H. laevis are recorded for the first time in southwestern Atlantic. The records of these species in the southwestern Atlantic are an important advancement to raise the knowledge of the deep-sea shrimps.
Tidal Energy Loss, Internal Tide Radiation, and Local Dissipation for Two-Layer Tidal Flow over a Sill
Authors: Arneborg Lars , Jansson Pär , Staalstrøm André , Broström Göran
Published: April 2017

A simple analytical model for tidal energy loss at fjord sills and its partitioning into local dissipation and radiated internal tides is presented. The analytical model builds on a two-layer assumption with quasi-steady nonlinear flow over the sill and wave radiation in the far field. When the interface is situated above sill level, upstream- and downstream-propagating internal waves are generated as the bottom-layer flow becomes partially blocked because of a hydraulic control over the sill. When this control sets in, energy is lost in the transition from supercritical flow over the sill to subcritical flow downstream of the sill. The analytical model is compared with observations at the Drøbak sill in the Oslo Fjord and with idealized numerical simulations with a nonhydrostatic primitive equation model. The overall good agreement between observations, analytical model, and numerical model results indicates that the hydraulic control over the sill is a key player for both the generation of internal tides and the local energy loss. The tidal energy loss decreases with increasing height of the interface above the sill. At the same time, the fraction of energy dissipated locally increases from about 20% for the interface situated at sill level to >50% when the upper-layer thickness is less than about 80% of the sill depth. These results correspond well with the observations in the Oslo Fjord where more energy is dissipated near the sill than is radiated away.
Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma: Risk Factors for Local Recurrence After Surgical Resection
Authors: Lisan Quentin , Laccourreye Ollivier , Bonfils Pierre
Published: April 2017

Objectives:

Sinonasal inverted papillomas (SIP) present a potential for recurrence years after the surgery, but most studies report short-term follow-up, and risk factors for recurrence are still debated. Furthermore, several classifications are described, and no consensus exists regarding which one should be used. The aims of this study were to report our long-term results, investigate for potential risk factors for recurrence, and compare the existing 8 staging systems.

Methods:

Over a 28-year period, 110 patients with a diagnosis of SIP were enrolled. The median follow-up time was 55.6 months.

Results:

In multivariate Cox regression modeling, history of previous surgery was the only variable associated with recurrence (hazard ratio = 4.91, 95% CI, 1.80-13.39). Recurrences occurred up to 60 months after the surgery. Among the 8 staging systems, none proved to be associated with recurrence.

Conclusion:

The only factor associated with recurrence of SIP was prior surgery, probably corresponding to an incomplete initial resection. Due to late recurrences, an extended follow-up of at least 5 years is mandatory. In the absence of a classification predicting prognosis, Krouse’s staging system should be used to homogenize studies’ report since it is the most widely used.
Impact of an Educational Intervention to Improve Physician Adherence to Bronchiolitis Clinical Practice Guidelines: A Pre-Post Intervention Study
Authors: Genies Marquita C. , Kim Julia M. , Pyclik Kristina , Rossi Suzanne , Spicyn Natalie , Serwint Janet R.
Published: April 2017

Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of infant hospitalizations in the United States. Despite clinical practice guidelines discouraging the utilization of non–evidence-based therapies, there continues to be wide variation in care and resource utilization. A pre-post physician focused educational intervention was conducted with the aims to reduce the use of non–evidence-based medical therapies, including bronchodilators, among patients admitted for bronchiolitis. Among patients meeting inclusion criteria (pre: n = 45; post: n = 47), bronchodilator use decreased by 50% ( P < .001). Antibiotic use increased by 9% ( P < .02), although results remained within published acceptable utilization rates of less than 19%. There were no statistical differences in chest X-ray, respiratory viral panel, and steroid use. There were no differences in number of pediatric intensive care unit transfers, 30-day readmission rates, and mean length of stay. The findings demonstrate that a physician-focused educational intervention highlighting American Academy of Pediatrics clinical practice guidelines resulted in reduced utilization of bronchodilators.
Differential Diagnosis of Diaper Dermatitis
Authors: Cohen Bernard
Published: April 2017

Mild diaper dermatitis often occurs in children before toilet training is complete, particularly from 9 to 12 months of age, and the most common presentation is an irritant contact dermatitis. Diaper dermatitis may account for up to 25% of dermatology visits to health care providers during the first year of life. Fortunately, since the introduction of hypoallergenic, superabsorbent modern disposable diapers, the incidence and severity of irritant and allergic contact dermatitis has decreased dramatically. Diaper dermatitis broadly refers to skin disorders that occur in the diaper area, such as skin eruptions triggered by diapers, rashes exacerbated by the diaper, and other events that occur in the diaper area. A number of skin conditions that can occur anywhere on the skin may present with distinctive findings in the diaper area. The following discussion will review the most common triggers of diaper dermatitis and contact irritant dermatitis, while focusing on the skin conditions that may be associated or overlap clinically with contact dermatitis.
Counseling Psychology and Reproductive Justice: A Call to Action
Authors: Grzanka Patrick R. , Frantell Keri A.
Published: April 2017

Although it remains an underresearched topic in the field, counseling psychology can and should play an important role in enhancing individuals’ sexual and reproductive health (SRH), as well as promoting reproductive rights at the systemic level. SRH issues affect virtually all people, especially those whose sexual and reproductive behaviors and identities are stigmatized. In this article, we make the case for the importance of SRH and rights in counseling psychology, and introduce the reproductive justice framework as a means to incorporate these issues into research, training, practice, and advocacy for social justice. We introduce four case studies with a focus on the ways in which restrictions on SRH differentially affect individuals across dimensions of social inequality including race, class, and sexual orientation. Next, we assess the state of scholarship on SRH in counseling psychology. Finally, we offer an action plan for incorporating reproductive justice principles into counseling psychology.
Teachers’ Work in China’s Migrant Schools
Authors: Friedman Eli
Published: April 2017

In recent years, scholars have begun to document the emergence of private migrant schools in urban China. However, neither education nor labor scholars have empirically investigated teachers’ work. Because it is precisely those with the fewest economic resources that have been restricted to privatized education in the city, migrant schools are dependent on a highly exploitative form of employment. Based on a study of Guangzhou and Beijing, we see that there is diversity in working conditions. In Beijing, teachers are subject to extralegal precarity in which basic legal enforcement is tenuous to nonexistent. In Guangzhou, there is greater legal compliance, but management has employed market discipline to shift risk onto teachers. In general, teachers’ work in migrant schools is similar to other forms of migrant labor in China, characterized by low pay, long hours, high work intensity, and lack of job security. The article concludes by assessing the divergent politics of migration in each city while considering the implications for socioeconomic inequality.
Hayek and the Use of Physics in Economics: Towards a Progressive Synthesis?
Authors: Schinckus Christophe
Published: April 2017

F. Hayek is known as an economist and a political philosopher who provided a specific social theory based on the idea of spontaneous order. This order state comes from a process that Hayek called ‘catallaxy’ and that results from a particular phenomenon of emergence. In this context, social systems such as money, market or language are presented as spontaneous orders, resulting from a particular evolutionary process of society. Although Hayek is well known to be an opponent of importation of physical concepts into economics, this article proposes a parallel between the Hayekian theory and a new field called ‘econophysics’. More precisely, I will show how the way of characterizing the phenomenon of emergence by econophysicists might, to some extent, be an analytical characterization of the Hayekian emergence. This claim will be explained and illustrated with the presentation of econophysical works describing money and language as a spontaneous order taking the form of a power law. The last section will discuss the debates about the methodological relevance to associate Hayek’s theory with an area of knowledge coming from physics and the potential\economic implications of such a rapprochement.

JEL: B25, B41, P11
Entrepreneurial intentions and start-ups: Are women or men more likely to enact their intentions?
Authors: Shinnar Rachel S , Hsu Dan K , Powell Benjamin C , Zhou Haibo
Published: April 2017

While empirical data clearly show that women are underrepresented among entrepreneurs, the causes of this gap are entirely not clear. This article explores one potential cause: that women might be less likely to act on their entrepreneurial intentions. Building on Ajzen’s theory of planned behaviour, we propose that intentions predict start-up behaviours, that is, that there is an intention–behaviour link. We then apply social role theory to propose that the intention–behaviour link is moderated by sex. Analysing data drawn from a sample of US-based management students during their first session in an introductory entrepreneurship course, at the end of the course, on their graduation and at a point up to three years after graduation, we find support for the intention–behaviour link and moderation of this link by sex. We identify additional contributions from our study and implications of our findings for addressing the sex gap in entrepreneurship.
Turning the inside out: Social media and the broadcasting of indigenous discourse
Authors: Lindgren Simon , Cocq Coppélie
Published: April 2017

This article analyses what happens on social media (Twitter) when a local issue specific to a certain Indigenous group spreads out to a wider network of actors. We look closer at the process where emic (inside) discourses are enabled, through social media, to reach a broader audience and become part of translocal debates. In a case study of information sharing, network building and support on Twitter in relation to a series of Sámi anti-mining protests in 2013, we address questions about the dynamics, flows and process of Indigenous communication on Twitter. First, we analyse in what ways and to what extent the posts are used for inreach communication or outreach communication. Second, we analyse the role of tweets that contain links to web resources for broadcasting Indigenous concerns to a wider, more diverse audience. Finally, we assess how different types of actors interact in order to shape the circulation of content. Our analysis shows even though communication went beyond the core community, Sámi actors still appeared to own and control the discourse and agenda on the issue in social media. Obviously, online communities are not secluded communities. For geographically localized groups and for marginalized communities, the use of global social media does not only enable communication with actors in more distant groups and places; social media also makes visible common interests and goals on a global scale. The possibility of addressing multiple audiences at the same time increases the potential of reaching an audience outside one’s set of ‘followers’ or one’s tight-knit communities of like-minded people.
Global and multi-focal changes in cerebral blood flow during subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Mubeen Asim M , Ardekani Babak , Tagliati Michele , Alterman Ron , Dhawan Vijay , Eidelberg David , Sidtis John J
Published: April 2017

Electrical stimulation of subthalamic nuclei (STN) is a widely used therapy in Parkinson’s disease (PD). While deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the STN alters the neurophysiological activity in basal ganglia, the therapeutic mechanism has not been established. A positron emission tomography (PET) study of cerebral blood flow (CBF) during speech production in PD subjects treated with STN-DBS found significant increases in global (whole-brain) CBF.1 That study utilized a series of whole-slice regions of interest to obtain global CBF values. The present study examined this effect using a voxel-based principal component analysis (PCA) combined with Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis (FLDA) to classify STN-DBS on versus STN-DBS off whole-brain images. The approach yielded wide-spread CBF changes that classified STN-DBS status with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity approaching 90%. The PCA component of the analysis supported the observation of a global CBF change during STN-DBS. The FLDA component demonstrated wide-spread multi-focal CBF changes. Further, CBF measurements related to a number of subject characteristics when STN-DBS was off, but not when it was on, suggesting that the normal relationship between CBF and behavior may be disrupted by this form of neuromodulation.
Early human impacts on vegetation on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau during the middle to late Holocene
Authors: Huang Xiao-zhong , Liu Si-si , Dong Guang-hui , Qiang Ming-rui , Bai Zhi-juan , Zhao Yan , Chen Fa-hu
Published: April 2017

The ecosystems of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are regarded as being primarily regulated by climate because of the harsh environment of the region and the resulting sparse human population. Recent studies have revealed that Neolithic farmers and nomads extensively settled in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 5.2 ka (ka = cal ka BP); however, it is unclear how and to what extent human activity has affected its vegetation. Here we combine the results of the pollen analysis of a sediment core from Genggahai Lake, a shallow lake in Gonghe Basin on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, with archaeological evidence and use them to assess the extent and nature of human impacts on the regional vegetation during the middle and late Holocene. The pollen record indicates that Stellera, an indicator of the extent of grazing-induced grassland degradation, first appeared at 4.7 ka, expanded during 3.6–3.0 ka, and finally increased significantly after 1.6 ka. In support of this finding, archaeological data indicate that the agro-pastoral Majiayao people arrived at ∼5 ka and groups of Kayue people, who practiced pastoralism, intensively colonized the Gonghe Basin and nearby Qinghai Lake basin during 3.6–3.0 ka. After ∼1.6 ka, from the Tang Dynasty onwards, human settlement and grazing activity intensified on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and this is in accord with the observed high percentages of Stellera in the pollen record. Based on comparison with other records, we conclude that the sediments of Genggahai Lake provide a record of anthropogenic impacts on vegetation, and that human activity may have contributed to regional forest decline during the middle Holocene, and to grassland degradation in the late Holocene. Grassland degradation caused by human activity may be an indicator of the start of the Anthropocene and potentially may have contributed to global climate change via increased dust emission to the atmosphere.
Anosognosia and Its Relation to Psychiatric Symptoms in Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Yoon Bora , Shim Yong S. , Hong Yun Jeong , Choi Seong Hye , Park Hee Kyung , Park Sun Ah , Jeong Jee Hyang , Yoon Soo Jin , Yang Dong-Won
Published: April 2017

Background:

We investigated differences in the prevalence of anosognosia and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) characteristics according to disease severity in patients with early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD).

Methods:

We recruited 616 patients with EOAD. We subdivided participants into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of anosognosia and then again by Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. We compared the differences in the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scores according to anosognosia and disease severity.

Results:

The percentage of patients with anosognosia in each CDR group steadily increased as the CDR rating increased (CDR 0.5 8.6% vs CDR 1 13.6% vs CDR 2 26.2%). The NPI total score was significantly higher in patients with anosognosia in the CDR 0.5 and 1 groups; by contrast, it had no association in the CDR 2 group. Frontal lobe functions were associated with anosognosia only in the CDR 0.5 and 1 groups. After stratification by CDR, in the CDR 0.5 group, the prevalence of agitation ( P = .040) and appetite ( P = .013) was significantly higher in patients with anosognosia. In the CDR 1 group, patients with anosognosia had a significantly higher prevalence of delusions ( P = .032), hallucinations ( P = .048), and sleep disturbances ( P = .047). In the CDR 2 group, we found no statistical difference in the frequency of symptoms between patients with and without anosognosia.

Conclusion:

These results confirm that the prevalence of anosognosia as well as the individual NPS and cognitive functions associated with it differ according to EOAD severity.
Heterogeneous Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms in Late Middle Age: Critical Period, Accumulation, and Social Mobility Life Course Perspectives
Authors: Kwon Eunsun , Kim BoRin , Lee Hyunjoo , Park Sojung
Published: April 2017

Objective: This study investigated patterns of depressive symptoms and whether socioeconomic status (SES) across the life course affects these trajectories using the critical period, accumulation, and social mobility models. Method: This study uses data from 8,532 adults, age 51 to 64, collected over 12 years from the Health and Retirement Study (observations = 25,887). A latent class analysis was performed to examine distinct depressive symptom trajectories; life course models were studied with multinomial logistic regression. Results: Four heterogeneous latent classes were identified for depression: Declining, Low, Increasing, and High and Increasing. The High and Increasing group was associated with a disadvantaged childhood SES, accumulated exposure to socioeconomic risks, and persistent SES disadvantage supporting the three life course models. Discussion: There was evidence of distinct profiles of depressive symptoms in late middle age and of interrelated life course mechanisms underlying the influences of childhood SES on later life depression.
The use of high-frequency acoustic emission analysis for in-process assessment of the surface quality of aluminium alloy 5251 in abrasive waterjet machining
Authors: Sutowski Paweł , Sutowska Marzena , Kapłonek Wojciech
Published: April 2017

In this article, the use of acoustic emission signal analysis for in-process assessment of the surface quality in abrasive waterjet machining is presented. The authors carried out an analysis of the influence of the cutting head traverse speed (considered in this case as the performance measurement) on the flatness, waviness and roughness of surfaces made of aluminium alloy 5251 after cutting process, as well as the influence of changing the quality factor on values of selected descriptors of the emitted high-frequency acoustic emission signal processed in the frequency domain. This was a new approach, different from the norm, in which an acoustic emission signal is usually studied for low frequencies. The obtained results confirmed the clear influence of machining conditions on the geometric structure of the obtained cuts and the registered values of the emitted stress waves. This influence can be accurately determined by the use of the high-frequency acoustic emission signal analysis being proposed. Additionally, statistical dependence models developed between the given process quality indicator and the registered selected acoustic emission signal parameters in the frequency domain allowed for the prediction of the surface texture of the obtained cuts on the basis of the acoustic emission signal emitted during the machining process.
Analysis of the vehicle driving stability region based on the bifurcation of the driving torque and the steering angle
Authors: Shi Shuming , Li Ling , Wang Xianbin , Liu Hongfei , Wang Yuqiong
Published: April 2017

Integrated control systems for vehicle-handling stability are usually based on the steering bifurcation mechanism. The best integrated control performance is obtained by coordinating different control methods. However, in vehicle steering and driving conditions, the coupling characteristics of the longitudinal forces and the lateral forces of the tyres must lead to changes in the bifurcation characteristics. The corresponding vehicle dynamics stability region has to be redetermined. The corresponding integrated control method also needs to be adjusted. Therefore, in combination with the physical significance of the dynamics equilibrium point of the vehicle system, the definition of the driving stability region of the vehicle based on the characteristics of the driving torque and the steering angle bifurcation is proposed. With the concept presented above, the five-degree-of-freedom non-linear vehicle system model for the driving stability region of the vehicle was solved. The simulation results show that, according to the driving stability region of the vehicle, the vehicle dynamics stability with different driving torque inputs and different front-wheel steering-angle inputs can be accurately estimated. The study of the driving stability region of the vehicle is beneficial for engineering applications in non-linear automotive dynamics research. In addition, it provides the theoretical basis for integrated control of the vehicle-handling stability.