bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preventing Suicidal Self-Directed Violence Among Survivors of Military Sexual Trauma: Understanding Risk and Applying Evidence-Based Principles
Authors: Holliday Ryan , Wiblin Jessica , Holder Nicholas , Gerard Georgia R. , Matarazzo Bridget B. , Monteith Lindsey L.
Published: October 2020

Military sexual trauma (MST), which is defined as sexual harassment and/or assault during a person's military service, is associated with suicidal self-directed violence. Suicide risk assessment and intervention with survivors of MST should be patient-centered and informed by an understanding of the impact of interpersonal trauma and military service on the survivor's lived experience. Considerations for assessing and intervening upon suicide risk with survivors of MST are discussed, with a particular focus on safety planning, lethal means safety, and psychotherapy. We conclude by discussing necessary future research in suicide prevention in this population.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2020;50(10):437–443.]
Military Sexual Trauma and Sexual Revictimization
Authors: Tirone Vanessa , Bagley Jenna M. , Blais Rebecca , Petrey Kelsey , Meade Enya , Sadler Anne
Published: October 2020

Military sexual trauma (MST), defined as experiencing sexual harassment or assault during military service, is associated with a host of deleterious outcomes, including sexual dysfunction. Less is known about how MST may relate to risk for future victimization. This systematic review identified 10 studies that examined the association between MST and revictimization. Studies generally indicated that the more frequent or severe MST was, the more strongly it was associated with risk for future victimization. Most of these studies did not statistically evaluate the role of gender in the relation between MST and sexual revictimization, suggesting an important avenue for future research. Clinicians working with survivors of MST, particularly those who have experienced military sexual assault, may need to address issues of sexual safety with these veterans.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2020;50(10):444–451.]
MAKING A CHANGE FROM BELOW
Authors: Ličen Daša , Podjed Dan
Published: October 2020

The authors look into two environmental movements that arose from grassroots initiatives. The first is Ecologists without Borders, the leading NGO promoting waste reduction in Slovenia. The second is Critical Mass, an international cyclists’ movement that seeks more public space for urban cyclists, which the authors studied in Belgrade and Budapest. Ethnographic analysis indicates that the two movements have had certain common experiences. The authors use these cases to investigate the social transition that such movements support and shed light on how they arise, function, and change over time.
MOTIVATION FOR CHANGE
Authors: Pivec Maja , Hsu Jane Lu
Published: October 2020

This article reports on applied research and the aspiration to find ways to increase sustainable behavior through the application of game mechanics and playful solutions. One of the main questions investigated through the research activities was what would motivate people to adopt more sustainable behavior and sustainable consumption. To create a better understanding of the problem, researchers and students looked into the awareness and different perceptions of sustainability in a variety of cultural settings, with special focus on waste separation, energy, and water consumption. In addition to documenting the details about current sustainable behavior, additional questions included how and where people find out about sustainability concepts, and how these concepts are currently being taught.
La posizione giuridica dell’ ebreo convertito nell’ età della Controriforma. La bolla Cupientes ludaeos (1542) e la successiva elaborazione dottrinale
Authors: Parente Fausto
Published: October 2020

La política de la Iglesia en relación con los judíos fue, en el período de la Contrarreforma, la de intentar conseguir el mayor número posible de conversiones. Por esta razón, la Curia puso en marcha, por un lado, una serie de medidas vejatorias para los judíos (ghetto, quema de libros, expulsiones) y, por otro, otra serie de medidas tendentes a crear ventajas sociales y económicas para el converso. En este artículo se examinan tales normas jurídicas y las elaboraciones de esa doctrina (De Susannis, Ricciullo, Sessa). Sin embargo, una parte de la doctrina jurídica y sobre todo del clero local, especialmente en España, opusieron una fuerte resistencia a admitir a los conversos en cargos eclesiásticos y civiles. Para determinar la verdadera posición jurídica y social de los conversos es preciso, por lo tanto, no limitarse exclusivamente a las disposiciones jurídicas, sino ampliar la investigación a la docu­mentación de archivo que refleja una realidad mucho más compleja y diversa.
Judíos hispánicos y mundo rural
Authors: Romano David
Published: October 2020

Intento de planteo sistemático de las cuestiones acerca de la relación de los judíos hispánicos con el campo y la vida rural a base de ejemplos documentales ( en especial de la Corona de Aragón), con las siguientes conclusiones: los judíos poseían tierras, en general de reducida extensión; algunas veces las cultivaban personalmente, pero la agricultura era ocupación subsidiaria; no hay ninguna prueba de hábitat rural judío.
Recipientes bíblicos IV. ’Aḥ, ’Asûḵ
Authors: Rubiato M. T. , Lara J. C. , Gaviria A.
Published: October 2020

Ambos términos son hápax legómena y sólo secundariamente designan recipientes. ’Aḥ (Jer 36,22-23) parece nombrar un objeto o instalación móvil o fijo para calefacción doméstica. De tratarse de un recipiente, habría que pensar en un brasero, y de ser una instalación, en un tabûn. En cuanto a ’asûḵ (II Re 4,2) consideran los autores del presente artículo que en principio designa la medida o dosis de aceite necesario para la unción corporal. En un segundo estadio, por metonimia o sinécdoque, pudo pasar a nombrar el recipiente que contenía dicha medida e incluso el recipiente de mayor cabida del que extraerla.
DiagrammER: A Web Application to Support the Teaching-Learning Process of Database Courses Through the Creation of E-R Diagrams
Authors: Jaimez-González Carlos R. , Martínez-Samora Jazmín
Published: October 2020

This paper presents a web application to support the teaching-learning process of undergraduate database courses, which allows students to practice their knowledge on data modeling using Entity-Relationship (E-R) diagrams. The web application is oriented to teachers and students: teachers prepare examples and exercises, which can have associated E-R diagrams; on the other hand, students are able to design E-R diagrams, which they can review at any time, they also have the option of viewing and solve some of the exercises designed by the teacher. The development of the web application is explained; a comparison of similar existing E-R diagram systems is presented; and the operation of the web application is shown through the creation of an E-R diagram. The results of an instrument applied to students for the evaluation of the web application are provided.
Attitude to ICT and Self-Evaluation of Fluency in Using New Digital Devices, Websites and Software among Pre-Service Teachers
Authors: Tomczyk Łukasz
Published: October 2020

The objective of the research was to obtain data on the attitudes of the future generation of teachers towards using new media in their didactic and educational activities. Additionally, the text presents the level of their self-evaluation regarding the use of new ICT-based devices. Indicators of both variables are compared. The research was conducted in the biggest Polish pedagogical university, in the sample of 450 students. The technique used was the diagnostic survey. The data were collected in the first half of 2019 as part of the international project SELI. Based on the data obtained, it was noticed that pre-service teachers do not form a homogeneous group, which means there are individuals presenting a very positive attitudes towards introduction of new media as well as people who are careful when it comes to using ICT in teaching. Most respondents emphasize that using ICT in education is necessary and this trend is irreversible. There is a minor group of the future teachers who do not know websites and software to support learning and teaching (about 10%). Almost half of the respondents present divided views regarding the role of ICT in stimulating engagement, motivation and interest among the students. However, it should also be noted that almost half of the interviewees states that using smartphones at school should be banned. Positive attitude to new technologies in one area coincides with high opinion about ICT in other areas. Self-evaluation of own competencies is also internally coherent. It means that students who declared that they have no problems with using, for example, new devices, have no problems with using new websites or software.
Autonomous Learning Mode based on a Four-Element Teaching Design for Visual Communication Course
Authors: Zhao Yan , Luo Yuemeng
Published: October 2020

With the development and improvement of information transfer efficiency in this era, visual communication has people's life and communication. However, the thinking in the traditional visual communication course is fixed, and students' learning enthusiasm is weak. Hence, this study proposes an autonomous learning mode by using a four-element teaching design. First, we propose relevant knowledge and ability, learning task, supporting program, and special practice as four elements related to education program. Second, we integrate them into the autonomous learning model to help students achieve learning transfer. Third, we use the new K-means algorithm to collect students' autonomous learning behavior data in the online course of visual communication and divide the data into three levels (high, medium, and low levels) for analysis. Finally, we design autonomous learning teaching cases for visual communication by using the proposed four-element teaching design and analyze the teaching effect. Our results show that the proposed learning mode enables a long learning video watching time for students, which in turn produces a high percentage of completed tasks. This result verifies that the application of the autonomous learning mode based on four-element teaching design can improve students' autonomous learning ability. Therefore, this mode is worth promoting.
Utilisation Status and User Satisfaction of Online Education Platforms
Authors: Chen Xi , Xia Erya , Jia Wen
Published: October 2020

In the information age, the proliferation of online education platforms is accompanied by various problems. This paper aims to solve the problems of online education platforms, making them more useful and adaptable. Targeting at a key online education platform (SmartStudy) in China, the authors conducted a questionnaire survey among users on their utilization and perception of online education platforms. Based on the survey data, the current state of the platform was summarized, followed by an analysis on the degree of impact from each factor on the selection between platforms. Next, the platform development and user satisfaction were discussed in the light of platform security, credit rating and user experience. Finally, several suggestions were put forward to improve the online education platform. The research results are of great importance to the development of online education in China.
Evaluation of Clinical Engineering Department Services in Riyadh City Hospitals
Authors: Waly Mohamed Ibrahim
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Since its establishment, clinical engineering in healthcare facilities has evolved rapidly owing to increased employment of highly trained staff. Clinical engineering department represents a factor critical for successful healthcare management.OBJECTIVE: This study developed an integrated evaluation method for services rendered by clinical engineering departments using two questionnaires supplied to governmental hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.METHODS: One questionnaire is evaluation for the end user (medical department staff), while the other is evaluation questionnaire for the clinical engineering department staff.RESULTS: The overall evaluation of administrative, training, technical skills for clinical engineering department staff by medical department staff was very good with mean 4.07±1.09, 3.98±0.74 and 3.8±1.14, respectively. Hospital size affects the technical and training skills for the clinical engineering department’s staff, with a p-value less than 0.05 at 95% confidence interval. This also affects maintenance management system. Professional role for medical department staff had no effect on their satisfaction on the services provided by clinical engineering department.CONCLUSION: The procedure, standards and basic requirements which established by Saudi Arabia ministry of health for Clinical engineering department services were applied on all hospital, but the maintenance management system should be fixed regardless of hospital size.
Research on Subsurface Damage of Lapping Sapphire with Diamond Fixed Abrasive
Authors: Wang Jian Bin , Tong Yong Qiang , Jiang Ben Chi , Shu Da , Wang Gang
Published: October 2020

The depth of surface/subsurface damage layer is the key index of surface quality of sapphire. In this paper, that depth model of the surface/subsurface damage lay characterized by the crack length was established according to the mechanical theory of indentation fracture. The cutting relation between abrasive and workpiece and the difference of the depth of subsurface damage crack are analyzed. It is preliminarily estimated that the length of sub-surface damage crack of free abrasive sapphire is about 2.46 times that of fixed abrasive when considering only the contact hardness of abrasive grain under static load. Diamond abrasives with size of W20 were adopted to carry out experiments in free and fixed lapping methods. The results show that the surface/subsurface damage depth is 9.87μm and 3.63μm respectively. It is easier to obtain good sub-surface quality by using the fixed abrasive method than free abrasive at the same particle size.
Effect of Addition of Montmorillonite and Indium Composite Powder on Tribological Properties of 45 Steel Friction Pairs
Authors: Cao Yang , Zhang Yong Jiang , Yang Tao Yue
Published: October 2020

The oil soluble modified montmorillonite (MMT)/indium (In) composite nanoscale powders were prepared into four disperse systems by adding 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% to the base oil respectively. The friction properties of the 45 steel samples were tested by MMU-10G friction and wear testing machine, and the surface composition of the samples was analyzed by SEM and EDX. The mechanism that affects the tribological properties is compared and analyzed. The results show that the wear weight loss of the sample added with MMT/In nano powder is smaller than that in the base oil, and the average friction factor of the sample with 3% additions is 43.14% ,lower than that of the base oil, and the total wear is negative weightlessness.EDX analysis showed that the surface of the friction specimen was composed of Mg, Al and In repair membranes. The main mechanism of anti friction and friction reduction is that the composite powder will form a repair film on the surface of the friction pair during the friction process, and the repair layer can reduce the friction, compensate for the wear and play the role of resisting wear and reducing the effect of friction. With the increase of adding amount, the repair layer is gradually improved and the tribological performance is enhanced. But if the amount of addition is too high, the micro cutting and furrow effect of a large number of hard particles on the matrix and the new film will be greater than the compensation effect of the repair film, making the antiwear and antifriction properties decrease.
Flexural and Tribological Properties of Polyimide Composites Reinforced by Poly-p-Phenylenebenzobisoxazole Fibers with Different Content
Authors: Yu Liang , Liu Yong Ye , Dai Min
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the tribological property of polyimide (PI) resin was improved by adding poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole (PBO) fibers. The effects of PBO fiber volume fraction were studied by mechanics and tribology tests. The fracture and wear surfaces of PBO/PI composites were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The measurement showed that the flexural properties of composites reinforced by 10 vol% PBO fibers were lower than pure PI resin. With the increase of PBO fiber content, the flexural strength was first increase and then decrease. The frictional coefficient and wear rate of the PBO/PI composites varied with the variety of fiber content, and the optimum parameter was obtained at 20 vol%. The dominant wear mechanism and friction process were discussed on the basis of microscopic morphology analysis of wear surface of PBO/PI composite and the counterpart.
Study on Deep Hole Drilling Process and Cutting Performance
Authors: You F.Q. , Zhang R. , Wang Yong Guo
Published: October 2020

In deep hole machining, drilling parameters for twist drills have an important impact on tool life and economic efficiency. In order to explore the influence of drilling parameters on twist drills, this paper established a drilling model for twist drill 45 steel, orthogonal experiments were designed. AdvantEdge FEM finite element software was used to simulate the drilling force, torque and drilling temperature. The drilling force, torque and drilling temperature were analyzed by using the finite element simulation value as the orthogonal experimental value. In order to ensure that the simulation results have certain reference value, the drilling experiment was carried out in order to ensure the simulation results have reference value. Finally, the optimal combination of drilling parameters was obtained.
Design and Manufacturing of Knee Implants for Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Domett Patrick , Arjmandi Mohammadreza , Ramezani Maziar
Published: October 2020

Knee osteoarthritis is one of the major causes of musculoskeletal impairment in adults. This disease is mainly characterised by progressive degeneration of the articular cartilage, and to date, there is no known cure for it. Initiation and progression of the osteoarthritis pathology is associated with knee loading conditions. For younger, active patients with knee osteoarthritis, common treatments include non-invasive options in order to manage symptoms before considering, as a last resort, the surgical options, in particular the gold standard treatment: knee replacement. The advent of orthopedic prostheses for knee replacement and their widespread applications have helped millions of patients worldwide to be relieved from pain and gain their mobility. However, they are still not suitable for young or middle-aged patients suffering from localised cartilage damage, due to the limited life span of these load-bearing devices. All available remedies for those patients are temporary and some of them might result in regeneration of tissues with different properties to the existing one, and hence limited functionality and durability. In this paper, different types of implants developed and tested at Auckland University of Technology for younger patients with osteoarthritis will be presented and discussed. Recently developed load-sharing implants could be considered as suitable options lying between the symptom management and invasive treatments. One such implant is comprised of femoral and tibial components, and removes excessive load through the knee joint by attachment to the medial side. Another developed implant prevents further tissue degeneration through replacing damaged regions of the tissue and preserving the remaining healthy portion. This results in prolonging the tissue functionality, and further postponing the total joint replacement. These patient-specific implants would be suitable for early-onset knee osteoarthritis and can be used for younger active patients, as no major modification in the knee joint is required.
Three-Dimensional Slurry Printing Technology in Ceramic and Metal Application
Authors: Jiang Cho Pei , Hentihu M. Fahrur Rozy , Lei Tzu Yi , Lee Shyh Yuan
Published: October 2020

Vat photopolymerization is one of additive manufacturing and also known as photo-curable three-dimensional printing technology. It uses light energy with the proper wavelength to expose on the liquid photo-curable resin inducing the photopolymerization process and resulting in solidification layer-by-layer. The building method is classified into two ways: free-surface and constrained-surface. The advantage and disadvantage of both methods are described and analysed according to the different material property and requirement. The basic composition for photo-curable resin consists of photo-initiator and monomer. Adding powder into photo-curable resin makes the photo-curable slurry. Literatures report that high density powder such as zirconia oxide or Inconel 718 is suitable for free-surface building method because of poor suspension. However, the volume percentage in the slurry is less than 50% causing the higher shrinkage ratio and inaccuracy after sintering process. The coupling agent may increase the suspension of powder in slurry but experimental result shows that it still cannot improve the success rate in the constrained-surface building method. Therefore, this study proposes a combination method to overcome the difficulty of making high density ceramic or metal part. In addition, the sintering process is a key factor to obtain the high dense part with no crack occurrence and desirable microstructure. The optimized sintering parameters for zirconia oxide and Inconel 718 are also introduced.
Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Multiple Surface Rolled Pure Copper
Authors: Wang Rui , Luo Dong Zhi , Lu Cheng
Published: October 2020

High strength can be achieved by severe plastic deformation but at the cost of ductility. A novel strategy, which named multiple surface rolling was applied on a homogeneous annealed pure copper to break the strength and ductility trade-off. A combination of high strength and acceptable ductility was achieved in copper strips after submitted to multiple surface rolling. The detail microstructure evolution rolled samples were characterized by EBSD observation and compared with the initially annealed ones. The average grain size does not show significant deviation in both initially annealed and multiple surfaces rolled copper. Detailed observations show a heterogeneous distribution of low angle grain boundaries through thickness direction. The low angle grain boundaries and misorientations revealed the potential strengthening mechanisms in the material. Both microstructural characterization and numerical simulations indicate that multiple surface rolling contributes to strain hardening at the sample surface, while the interior layer was undergoing elastic deformation or partial plastic deformation. This heterogeneous deformation renders copper sheet with a combination of high strength and ductility.
Current treatment concepts for osteochondral lesions of the talus
Authors: Wang Chen-Chie , Yang Kai-Chiang , Chen Ing-Ho
Published: October 2020

Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) are a well-known cause of ankle joint pain and can sometimes lead to instability. These lesions are not only confined to articular hyaline cartilage, they can also affect the subchondral bone at the weight-bearing aspect of the talar dome. Nonoperative treatment is the preferred option for small lesions, however surgical intervention is recommended for large lesions or those for which conservative treatment has failed. Microfracture, abrasion arthroplasty and multiple drilling are all classified as bone marrow stimulation procedures; they are used to try to recruit precursor cells for cartilage regeneration and are especially suitable for small OLT lesions. For large lesions, osteochondral autografting and allografting are better options to reconstruct the articular defect, as they have better contours and mechanical strength. When there is limited subchondral bone involvement in large lesions, cell-based therapies such as autogenous chondrocyte implantation, potentially combined with a biomaterial matrix, are a promising option and acceptable functional outcomes have been reported. To provide evidence-based recommendations for clinicians, this article evaluates the currently available treatment strategies for OLT and their evolution over the past few decades.
A review of water exchange and artificial intelligence in improving adenoma detection
Authors: Tang Chia-Pei , Shao Paul P. , Hsieh Yu-Hsi , Leung Felix W.
Published: October 2020

Water exchange (WE) and artificial intelligence (AI) have made critical advances during the past decade. WE significantly increases adenoma detection and AI holds the potential to help endoscopists detect more polyps and adenomas. We performed an electronic literature search on PubMed using the following keywords: water-assisted and water exchange colonoscopy, adenoma and polyp detection, artificial intelligence, deep learning, neural networks, and computer-aided colonoscopy. We reviewed relevant articles published in English from 2010 to May 2020. Additional articles were searched manually from the reference lists of the publications reviewed. We discussed recent advances in both WE and AI, including their advantages and limitations. AI may mitigate operator-dependent factors that limit the potential of WE. By increasing bowel cleanliness and improving visualization, WE may provide the platform to optimize the performance of AI for colonoscopies. The strengths of WE and AI may complement each other in spite of their weaknesses to maximize adenoma detection.
Road traffic accidents in Ghana: contributing factors and economic consequences
Authors: Blankson Paa Kwesi , Lartey Margaret
Published: October 2020

The impact of road traffic injuries could be enormous, affecting societies and individuals in different facets. Despite the prominence of Covid-19 disease in the current public health space, road crashes remain an important contributor to mortality. It is estimated that some 1.4 million people die from road crashes globally, with most of these being the youth, and people from developing countries.1 In Ghana, 72 persons out of every 100 000 population, suffered from grievous bodily injury, and close to 8 of the same population died from Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) over the past decade. More than 60% of road traffic fatalities occured in children and young persons under 35 years of age.2 Aside the mortality and morbidity associatedwith the road crashes, Ghanaian households spend an average of US$ 1687.65 in direct and indirect cost on severe injuries associated with road crashes, while many suffer considerable degrees of psychological distress.
Management of TB/HIV co-infection: the state of the evidence
Authors: Torpey Kwasi , Agyei-Nkansah Adwoa , Ogyiri Lily , Forson Audrey , Lartey Margaret , Ampofo William , Akamah Joseph , Puplampu Peter
Published: October 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are strongly linked. There is a 19 times increased risk of developing active TB in people living with HIV than in HIV-negative people with Sub-Saharan Africa being the hardest hit region. According to the WHO, 1.3 million people died from TB, and an additional 300,000 TB-related deaths among people living with HIV. Although some progress has been made in reducing TB-related deaths among people living with HIV due to the evolution of diagnostics, treatment and antiretroviral HIV treatment, multi drug resistant TB is becoming a source of worry. Though significant progress has been made at the national level, understanding the state of the evidence and the challenges will better inform the national response of the opportunities for improved patient outcomes.Keywords: Tuberculosis, management, HIV, MDR TB, GhanaFunding: None
Cardiovascular disease risk assessment among patients attending two cardiac clinics in the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Nyiambam Waindim , Sylverken Augustina , Owusu Isaac , Buabeng Kwame , Boateng Fred , Owusu-Dabo Ellis
Published: October 2020

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and hypertension is the single most important modifiable risk. Assessment of an individual’s “total” predicted risk of developing a CVD event in 5- or 10-years using risk scores has been identified as an accurate measure of CVD risk. Using the latest Framingham risk score we assessed the risk among patients attending two cardiac clinics in Kumasi.Methods: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study among 441 patients attending two cardiac clinics in Kumasi, the Ashanti region of Ghana. Hospital records were reviewed and information on demography, social history and laboratory results for the lipid profile tests were extracted.Results: The prevalence of low, medium and high risk were 41.5%, 28.1% and 30.4% respectively. More men were at high risk compared to females (36.0% vs 23.9%, p=0.003). The risk score showed good discrimination for cardiovascular risk stratification with an overall area under the curve of 0.95; 0.97 and 0.94 for males and females respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the Framingham risk score were 89.5% and 86.3%, respectively.Conclusion: Majority of our study participants were at moderate to high risk with men being the most affected. The Framingham risk score proved to be a useful tool in predicting the 10-year total cardiovascular disease risk.Keywords: cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, Kumasi, total risk, Framingham risk scoreFunding: Not indicated
A Discourse Analysis of South Park’s PC Principal
Authors: Branea Silvia , Dumitrache Teodor
Published: October 2020

This research aims to expose how South Park, a polemical entertainment program, deals with some of the most socially divisive topics from 2015 onward, thus establishing a new type of criticism that had been, for a long time, specific to news media only. The methodology used for analyzing the reflection of the political correctness paradigm is scientific narration. The actions of an autocratic persona, PC Principal, are interpreted during three relevant episodes (#1, #5, and #8) of the 19th season. The personification of censorship through the naïve Butters, an obedient schoolboy turned into a humble clerk serving PC Principal's overzealous fight for his idea of equal rights, can remind one of Hanna Arendt's work "Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil." Thus, people who blindly follow orders without questioning the imposed regime might have a more significant negative influence than dictators themselves. As tolerance is becoming a feature of selfishness rather than a noble human attribute due to increased competitiveness, abnormally creating the circumstances to make one more socially visible, South Park often sanctions the excessive flaws of the liberal doctrine, exposing the various absurdities can arise from such biased behaviors. Even though the show depicts thoroughly grotesque images, the authors seem to balance them with moral teachings. The present study intends to highlight the need for an alternative to formal debates regarding social issues to avoid ideological bias.
The Phenomenon of Violence Against Women and Girls in Albania
Authors: Muça Valbona
Published: October 2020

This study aims to analyze and evaluate the social services provided to girls and women victims of domestic violence, based on the practices implemented in the non-public and public sector through this sector's representatives' representatives. The group of subjects included in the study consists of representatives of the Ministry of Social Welfare and Youth, local government, and non-profit social centers for girls and women - victims of violence and the center's beneficiaries. Qualitative ethnographic methods were used to conduct this study. One of the most important findings of this study was that the primary need of raped girls and women is to provide shelter to guarantee a safe place with their children. Also, the findings of this study show that non-public social services for girls and women-victims of domestic violence are limited and very deficient. The lack of some services and their lack of coordination does not meet the needs of the subjects. From 2013-2019, the cases of denouncing domestic violence have increased because the state and non-profit organizations have played an essential role in raising their awareness. A vital contribution of this study is the relevant recommendations to improve social services for this target group.
Review of Valentina Milenkova and Siika Kovacheva’s book „ Regional Insights to Lifelong Learning Policies in Support of Young Adults in Bulgaria“
Authors: Lendzova Vladislava
Published: October 2020

Valentina Milenkova and Siika Kovacheva's book "Regional Insights to Lifelong Learning Policies in Support of Young Adults in Bulgaria" (Регионални измерения на политиките за учене през целия живот в подкрепа на младите възрастни в България) has been published in English by Avangard Prima in Sofia in this 2020 - ISBN 978-619-239-316-8. This book presents the increased role of education in the modern European societies. An important milestone in the LLL polices in the book are research projects. Such is the project "YOUNG_ADULLLT - 'Policies Supporting Young Adults in their Life Course. A Comparative Perspective of Lifelong Learning and Inclusion in Education and Work in Europe" with Coordinator: Prof. Dr. Marcelo Parreira do Amaral from the University of Munster, funded under the Horizon 2020 program. One of the important features of the project is its commitment to the functional region – a specific amalgam of functional relations between diverse institutions in a particular area (Parreira do Amaral, 2019). The functional region as a key concept was used in the project to indicate specifics in terms of living conditions, education, institutions that form the skills of young people.

The structure of the book is: an introduction, five chapters, a conclusion and annexes. The main focus is on the policies and practices of diverse educational institutions and understanding of the link policy- practice as а decisive factor for modern education.
Memorabilia de Silvio Tendler
Authors: Ivo Barroso Elianne
Published: October 2020

A primeira parte desta entrevista foi realizada exatamente 40 anos depois do lançamento de Os anos JK - Uma trajetória política (1980), primeiro longa-metragem de Silvio Tendler, que teve recorde de público no gênero documentário, 800 mil espectadores. Há 40 anos, na mesma data, morria a secretária Lyda Monteiro da Silva, vítima de uma carta-bomba que destroçou a sede da OAB (Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil) do Rio de Janeiro. Os assassinos nunca foram encontrados. A coincidência dos fatos levou o Jornal do Brasil a fazer chamada na primeira página recomendando o filme de Tendler como uma lição de História necessária para entender o Brasil. Os dois acontecimentos refletiam a tensão provocada pela transição política que o país vivia. Se muitos viam na cultura, no cinema, papel fundamental para a retomada democrática, outros, os ultraconservadores, inconformados com a perda dos privilégios, preferiam a clandestinidade para disseminar o terror e a insegurança. Com 70 anos, Silvio Tendler compreende que vivemos aos sabores e dissabores das utopias e barbáries. São quase 80 títulos audiovisuais entre longas e curtas-metragens, séries, programas para a TV e a internet, e vídeos-instalações.
"Meu nome é Natasha"
Authors: Gouveia Moreira Diego
Published: October 2020

Este artigo tem como interesse analisar as estratégias discursivas empregadas pela Rede Globo em sua ficção seriada televisiva para abordar transgeneridade e direitos a partir da aprovação de leis favoráveis a esse grupo social em decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal. O STF garantiu, em 2018, às pessoas transgêneras ter sua identidade de gênero e seu nome alterados no registro civil sem precisar de cirurgia e, em 2019, criminalizou a LGBTfobia. Dessa forma, foram acompanhadas, em diários de observação, cenas de quatro produções (Malhação, A Dona do Pedaço, Bom Sucesso e Segunda Chamada) que tiveram personagens trans desde a implementação das leis. Por fim, compreende-se que, com todas as personagens, houve uma abordagem ligada a direitos mesmo sem se referir diretamente às leis, contribuindo para novas narrativas sobre transgeneridade na televisão.
Título en español
Authors: Oscar D. Ramírez  , José J. Green  , Isabel Beauchamp de Caloni
Published: October 2020

En la Subestación de Corozal se sembró un experimento con 10 cultivares de yuca, IAC-12-829, Jamaica 18, Trinidad 14-56, Ceiba, Llanera, IAC-Mantequeira, SRT-598-Sta. Catarina, Seda, Cubana y Jamaica 4C, para evaluar su rendimiento y aceptación por catadores. Las cultivares de mayor rendimiento fueron IAC-12-829, IAC-Mantequeira, Jamaica 18 y SRT-598-Sta. Catarina, con una producción de 41.98, 39.24, 35.17 y 31.43 tons./ha, respectivamente. En cuanto a la aceptación general por los catadores, todas se juzgaron aceptables con la excepción de SRT-598-Sta. Catarina, la cual no gusto. Las cultivares con el más alto grado de aceptabilidad fueron Jamaica 4C, IAC-Mantequeira, Trinidad 14-56 y Seda. Tomando en consideración la producción, el porcentaje de raíces comerciales y la aceptación general, las cultivares IAC-12-829, IAC-Mantequeira, Jamaica 18 y Trinidad 14-56 fueron las más prometedoras en esta evaluación preliminar.
Título en español
Authors: Fred Fernández Coll
Published: October 2020

La congelación y el almacenamiento en refrigeración somete a los microorganismos a una tensión que resulta en daño subletal de la célula. Este daño subletal hace que los microorganismos no crezcan bajo circunstancias en las cuales normalmente crecerían . Este es el caso cuando se añaden agentes selectivos a los medios de cultivo para la detección o enumeración de un organismo o un grupo de microorganismos en particular. Los procedimientos para la detección y enumeración deben, por lo tanto, proveer para reparar el daño celular antes de exponer los microorganismos a agentes selectivos. Ya que los métodos convencionales de análisis microbiológico de alimentos rara vez proveen para que se repare el daño subletal sufrido, es mandatorio que dichos métodos sean modificados para tomar en cuenta a las células lastimadas. Los resultados en el presente trabajo indicaron que un procedimiento modificado para la enumeración de coliformes fue superior al método convencional en muestras de mofongo congelado. El método modificado incluye un período de recuperación en Agar Triptona-Soya antes de añadir Agar Rojo Violeta Bilis, mientras que el método convencional utiliza únicamente el Agar Rojo Violeta Bilis. En la enumeración de Staphylococcus aureus, los resultados indicaron que la técnica del Número Más Probable modificada (Caldo Triptona Soya con 10% NaCl y 1% piruvato) fue superior a las técnicas convencionales que utilizan Caldo Triptona-Soya con 10% NaCl ó Medio Baird-Parker. No se observó la marcada superioridad del Medio Baird-Parker descrita por muchos investigadores.
MANGOES (MANGIFERA INDICA L.) SUSCEPTIBILITY TO AULACASPIS TUBERCULARIS NEWSTEAD (HOMOPTERA: DIASPIDIDAE) IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: F. Gallardo Covas
Published: October 2020

MANGOES (MANGIFERA INDICA L.) SUSCEPTIBILITY TO AULACASPIS TUBERCULARIS NEWSTEAD (HOMOPTERA: DIASPIDIDAE) IN PUERTO RICO
Título en español
Authors: Rubén Guadalupe-Luna  , Megh R. Goyal  , Magaly Cintrón  , Luis E. Rivera  , María del C. Prieto de López
Published: October 2020

La distribución y el porcentaje portamanos de tomates bien desarrollados pero sin pintonear y el contenido de vitamina A se evaluaron en tomates cultivados con cubierta plástica y con estacas (PS), con cubierta plástica sin estacas (PNS), sin cubierta plástica y con estacas (NPS), y sin cubierta plástica y sin estacas (NPNS) regados por goteo en tratamientos mojado, húmedo y seco, respectivamente. En la distribución por tamaños, el USDA #6 arrojó el porcentaje más alto en todos los tratamientos y subtratamientos. En todos los tratamientos el peso medio de las frutas fue mayor en la segunda cogida en las parcelas NPNS, NPS y PNS comparado con el de la primera en los predios PS. El tratamiento seco rindió el porcentaje más alto de tomates "U.S. grade I" (calidad #1) en las parcelas NPNS y PS. El contenido de vitamina A fue más alto en los tomates de las parcelas NPNS en los tratamientos mojado y húmedo; y en el predio PS en los tratamientos secos. Los tomates de las parcelas PS en los tratamientos mojado y húmedo; y los de las NPS en el tratamiento seco arrojaron los valores más bajos de vitamina A.
Anthills in Sugarcane Fields of Northwestern Uruguay
Authors: Julio Silva  , M. A. Lugo-López  , Juan Dieste
Published: October 2020

Anthills in Sugarcane Fields of Northwestern Uruguay
Título en español
Authors: P. Bendezú  , A. D. Frame  , R. Muñoz  , J. Cabezas  , J. Hurd  , E. Frame  , D. Planas  , A. Alemán  , V. Gordo
Published: October 2020

Exámenes fecales de 769 cabras de 48 fincas en 30 municipios de Puerto Rico realizados en el año 1981 demostraron que 10 helmintos de diferentes especies eran comunes a estos mamíferos domésticos, siendo 1.43% de estas muestras positivas a Fasciola hepatica. Para los otros parasitos el porcentaje fue el siguiente: Oesophagostomum columbianum 65.67%, Haemonchus contortus 56.31%, Bunostomum trigonocephalum 46.94%, Chabertia ovina 24.57%, Trichostrongylus capricola 15.60%, Ostertagia circumcincta 14.43%, Trichuris ovis 10.14%, Moniezia expansa 6.39% y Cooperia curticei 2.21 %. El bajo porcentaje de 1.43% de infección de F. hepatica en cabras contrasta con la alta infección de 65% en el ganado lechero (10). Con H. contortus sucede lo contrario, encontrándose 56.31% de infección de este parásito en cabras y 17.7% en vacas lecheras.
GHOST PEAKS TROUBLE-SHOOTING GUIDE
Authors: Guillermo Martínez Segura
Published: October 2020

GHOST PEAKS TROUBLE-SHOOTING GUIDE
Título en español.
Authors: Agripino Pérez-López  , Rubén D. Reyes
Published: October 2020

En la Subestación Experimental Agrícola de Isabela se hizo un experimento en un suelo Coto arcilloso para determinar los efectos de cuatro niveles (0, 57, 170 y 340 kg/ha) de N y cuatro (0, 2.3, 4.5 y 6.8 kg/ha) de B sobre el contenido de nutrimentos en pecíolos y frutas en tres estadios de desarrollo del papayo de la variedad P.R. 7-65. También se determinó el nivel óptimo de N y B necesario para la máxima producción de frutas verdes. Los tratamientos se iniciaron a los 3 meses después del transplante y se repitieron cada 6 semanas. El contenido de N y B en los pecíolos y frutas aumentó cuando se aumentaron los niveles de estos dos elementos aplicados al suelo; el contenido de N en la hoja disminuyó cuando se aplicaron los tres niveles más bajos de B, lo que indica una interacción entre los dos elementos; el contenido de nutrimentos, excepto el de P, se redujo a medida que avanzó la edad de los frutos; el contenido de Ca en las hojas y en la fruta aumentó cuando se aumentaron los niveles de N y B aplicados al suelo; Mg aumentó y Mn disminuyó significativamente cuando se aumentaron los niveles de N y B; el nivel de 1.48% de N y de 64 ppm de B en el pecíolo coincidieron con la producción más alta (24 kg/planta), respectivamente; los pecíolos contenían menos N, P, Mg y B y más Ca y Mn, pero igual porcentaje de K que las frutas; y el contenido de B, Ca, Mg y Mn se redujo con la edad de las frutas, mientras que en N, P y K la reducción no fue tan notable.
Título en español.
Authors: Guillermo Martínez  , Nivia F. de Murphy
Published: October 2020

En la Planta Piloto del Ron se llevaron a cabo fermentaciones usando como materia prima miel rica, miel final y mezclas de ambas. Luego se determinó el alcohol producido y se evaluaron los congéneres presentes. Un destilado con mayor proporción de ésteres y menor proporción de fusel, ambas ventajas para la industria del ron; se obtuvo de la batición fermentada de mieles ricas.
Título en español.
Authors: J. Maldonado Capriles
Published: October 2020

Se provee una clave para separar los géneros Panamacoris Carvalho y Penha Gomes, Eurychiloides Carvalho y Penha Gomes, Eccritotarsus Stal y Eurychilella Reuter porque están aliados entre sí y porque los primeros dos, por haber sido descritos posteriormente, no están en la clave para los géneros de Bryocorinae del mundo de Carvalho (1955). Se describe Eurychilella hemiclava sp nov y se compara con las otras siete especies del género.
Título en español.
Authors: Nelia Acosta  , Carlos Cruz  , Edwin Abreu
Published: October 2020

En experimentos de campo establecidos en 1980 y 1981 en lsabela, Puerto Rico, se determinó la eficacia de cuatro nematicidas-insecticidas y tres insecticidas para el control del nematodo reniforme (Rotylenchulus reniformis), el minador de la hoja de hortalizas (Lyriomyza sativae) y gusanos blancos (Phyllophaga spp.) en tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum). Dos dosis de cada uno de los nematicidas-insecticidas, aldicarb 10G y carbofuran 10G, se aplicaron antes de sembrar. Oxamyl L y los insecticidas permethrin 2E, methamidophos 4E, y acephate 75S se aplicaron al follaje cada semana por 5 a 7 semanas. La eficacia de los tratamientos se comparó con la de los testigos no tratados. Aunque en el primer experimento, la mayoría de las plantas fueron destruidas por changas (Scapteriscus vicinus), los datos sobre el control del minador de la hoja indicaron que permethrin, oxamyl y methamidophos fueron eficaces. Acephate los controló moderadamente, mientras que carbofuran y aldicarb fueron ineficaces. Todos los nematicidas-insecticidas controlaron eficazmente el R. reniformis en el suelo. En la segunda prueba, las poblaciones más bajas de gusanos blancos se colectaron en parcelas tratadas con carbofuran y aldicarb seguidas por las tratadas con oxamyl. En la tercera prueba, se obtuvo una baja significativa en la población del minador de la hoja, con tratamientos de aldicarb, pydrin y methamidophos. Se obtuvieron aumentos significativos en la producción en parcelas tratadas con ambas dosis de acephate, permethrin, methamidophos y pydrin. Aunque se obtuvo un control de nematodes de sobre 60% en todos los tratamientos, la producción de las parcelas tratadas con nematicidas-insecticidas fue similar a la de las no tratadas, lo que sugiere que los aumentos en producción no se pueden atribuir al control de insectos y nematodos únicamente, sino al efecto de los plaguicidas sobre reacciones desconocidas de la planta. No se observó fitotoxicidad con ninguno de los plaguicidas en las tres pruebas.
ADDITIONAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE LIFE HISTORY OF THE OEDIONYCHINA FLEABEETLES: ALAGOASA JANUARIA BECHYNE
Authors: Niilo Virkki
Published: October 2020

ADDITIONAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE LIFE HISTORY OF THE OEDIONYCHINA FLEABEETLES: ALAGOASA JANUARIA BECHYNE
EROSION ON THE HILLSIDES OF THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Authors: Gustavo Tirado  , M. A. Lugo-López
Published: October 2020

EROSION ON THE HILLSIDES OF THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Título en español
Authors: Edelmiro J. Rodríguez-Sosa
Published: October 2020

Varias muestras de harina instantánea de papas se enriquecieron a distintos niveles con proteína aislada de soya (ISP) y leche desnatada (SM). Un grupo de catadores analizó y evaluó sensorialmente las muestras. Los niveles de adición de ISP y SM fueron al 5 y 10%, y combinaciones de estos. Como se esperaba, el aumento en el contenido de proteína fue mayor cuando se anadió ISP. La SM tendió a aumentar la gomosidad y consistencia de las muestras, mientras que la ISP tendió a disminuir la consistencia. La muestra con 10% de SM fue la más firme, seguida por la nuestra que contenía 5% de SM. La adición de ISP al 5% mejoró ligeramente la apariencia de la harina instantánea. La ISP a un nivel de 5% y la SM a uno de 5 ó a 10% mejoraron la aceptabilidad general de las papas majadas instantáneas.