bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Study on Lived in Experiences of Breast Cancer Patients at Mahagujarat Hospital, Nadiad
Authors: Shana Vahora  , Chirangi Talpada  , Nisha Prajapati  , Khushi Patel  , Smit Patel  , Hiral Varsoliya  , Arpita Vaidya
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most prevalent and fatal form of cancer worldwide. India stands first among other countries in breast cancer mortality. This study shed light on the subjective life experiences of women who were diagnosed with Breast cancer, the study reviews the different factors like personal, familial, social and financial affecting the lifestyle and management of disease as Breast cancer affects all the dimensions of health of an individual. Knowing the subjective feelings, experiences and expectation will help to highlight the importance of quality care and better coping to the disease.Objectives:1. To explore the lived in experiences of Breast cancer patients.2. To explore the various dimensions of the lived in experiences of Breast cancer patients.Materials and Methods: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study was conducted. Samples were selected by the Non probability purposive sampling method. The data got saturated with 10 samples. The researcher interviewed them by using semi structured open ended questions and tape recorded the conversations where investigator has attained at least 6 to 8 sitting lasted for about 30-40 minutes with each participants. The investigator used local language for the interview and recorded in mobile, the recordings were transcribed verbatim according to themes and subthemes.Results: Coalizzi’s data analysis framework was used to analyze the transcribed data and from the analysis seven themes extracted and they were; 1) lived time 2) lived body 3) lived treatment 4) lived relationship 5) lived economical 6) lived vocational 7) lived spiritual. It was found that participants acknowledge fear, anxiety and frustration with their diagnosis and body changes. Participants were not able to do their daily activity by their own throughout the treatment phase due to extreme weakness and tiredness. It provides evidences that Breast cancer has psychological damage to patient’s life they feel more anxious and depressed.

Conclusion: The study attempted to explore the lived in experiences of Breast cancer patients and it was found that Breast cancer patients report that they continue to experience physical, disease related discomfort, but use multiple ways to improve coping. In terms of psychological dimension, they learn to improve strength with the help of spiritual beliefs. In terms of social dimensions, support from the family, friends and relatives was the keyto cope through their treatment. The findings highlight the need of nurse’s care and concern for the subjective aspects in women with breast cancer and also time for sharing the experiences and feelings in such dreadful illness which helps to bring ideas for improving the quality of life and better coping.
Comparative study to assess the Behavioral and Emotional Problems among School Going Orphans and Non-Orphans of Nadiad
Authors: Krishna Patel  , Dhruti Thakar  , Binal Makwana  , Avani Macwan  , Urjita Zala  , Pinkal Rohit  , Dhara Vyas
Published: November 2022

Introduction:Children in a Orphanage have many problems which are normally not faced by Non-Orphan Children. Orphans living in the Orphanages are more prone to Behavioral and Emotionl Problems than other children living with their parents as they are deprived of family`s love and care. There is a dearth studies focusing on the Differences Psychological Health of the Orphans and Non-Orphans in India. Therefore we have conducted a non-experimental comparative study to assess the emotional and behavioral problems of orphans and non-orphans.OBJECTIVES: 1.To assess the behavioral and emotional problems of school going orphans.2.To assess the behavioral and emotional problems of school going children living with their parents. 3.To study the Association between sociodemographic parameters and emotional and behavioral problems in orphans and non-orphans. 4.To compare the emotional and behavioral problems of school going orphans and non orphans AIM: The main aim of this study was to assess the Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Orphans and Non-orphans.Materials And Methods:The sample consisted of 30 Orphans and 30 Non-Orphans in the Orphanage and selected Schools in Nadiad City. The Sociodemographic data were collected using a Self Structured Questionnaire. The Self Structured Questionnaire was used to assess the Emotional And Behavioral Problems in them.Results:In our study, 12(40%) out of 30 Orphans were found to having Severe Emotional and Behavioral Problems and 18(60%) out of 30 Orphans were found to having Moderate Emotional and Behavioral Problems while 3(10%)out of 30 Non- Orphans were found to having severe Emotional and Behavioral and 20(66.66%) out of 30 Non-Orphans were found to having Moderate Emotional and Behavioral Problems and 07(23.33%) out of 30 Non -Orphans were found to having Mild Emotional and Behavioral Problems.Conclusion:This Study reports the Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Orphans and Non-Orphans. Majority of the Orphans compared to Non-Orphans exhibited the Emotional and Behavioral Problems. The study found that Orphans were more likely to be emotionally needy, sad and feel lonely.
EFFECT OF PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT ON PROMOTING SELF- CARE BEHAVIOURS AMONG PATIENTS WITH CVD, AT NGHA. RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: Bothyna Zakaria Murshid  , Zahra Ibrahim Alnasser  , Wasayf Khalid Almaiman  , Norah Abdulrahman Almubireek  , Rawan Eisa Alshammari  , Shahad Fahad Albariqi  , Fatimah Ahmed Alanazi
Published: November 2022

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a universal health problem that defined the situations that impact on the heart or blood vessels, it is related to overgrowth and accumulation of fatty deposits within lumen of arteries which might lead to formation of blood clots (cardiovascular disease, 2018). Also, CVD can be described as a group of heart and blood vascular disorders that include coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and rheumatic heart disease (cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), 2017).
English for Medical Purposes: A Review
Authors: Shyam Ji Dubey
Published: November 2022

Medical Linguistics is relatively a quite new field to work with. Working on the language of medicine has stimulating challenges to medical practitioners/historians and to linguistics. Though a lot of efforts have been made by classical scholars to do linguistic analysis of the ancient medical literature very minutely, but then from the middle ages until quite recently the field was quite ignored by scholars, consequently a little has been done to identify and work towards English Language Competencies in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and for medical practitioners. This paper draws a brief review on the history and salient features of the English language used in medical industry, and discusses why English has become lingua franca for global transactions in medicine. It also draws an outline of the issues which generally may arise when medical practitioners differ in terms of language competencies at a workplace. And then the paper suggests some steps that can be followed by the manufacturers and the practitioners to ensure common minimum standards for communication for the staff members.
New Methodology in Interpretation of Aeromagnetic Anomalies over Pipe-Like Sources using Analytic Signal Ratio Approach
Authors: Vappangi Pradeep Kumar , Kasturi Naganjaneyulu
Published: November 2022

Concepts of signal processing like Fourier transform, filtering, power spectrum, derivatives etc., are widely used in geophysical models in exploring the Earth structures. For example, quantitative interpretation of aeromagnetic maps is based mainly on choosing an appropriate model for evaluating parameters of the causative source. For circular or elliptical anomalies caused by plug-like intrusive sources, the vertical pipe of infinite depth extent (also known as single or mono pole) is most suited. It is also more common to use analytic signal maps in interpretation.  For a vertical pipe, the total magnetic intensity (TMI) anomaly is anti-symmetric at the magnetic equator and progressively becomes symmetric at the pole. Based on this property, a new methodology is developed for identifying location and depth of magnetic structures beneath. It is concluded that the analytic signal is almost symmetric for any magnetic latitude and by using both the properties of the anomaly and its analytic signal the location and depth can be evaluated. This new approach is validated by field examples.
HIGHLIGHTS

The theory and application of using analytic signal to determine the location and depth to the point pole is described
The method is useful in locating pipe-like (vertical cylinder, kimberlite pipes) structures
The shape of the magnetic anomaly changes with magnetic inclination whereas the analytic signal map is symmetric and almost circular, with its maximum centred over the top of the pipe
The analytic signal is almost symmetric for any magnetic latitude and by using both the properties of the anomaly and its analytic signal, the location and depth to the top can be evaluated

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Entre os saberes, cultura e musealização
Authors: Santana Rodrigues Darlen Priscila
Published: November 2022

O respectivo estudo encontra-se comprometido a fazer referências sobre a musealização de objetos de representação da cultura no Cerrado. Assim este estudo tem por objetivo maior, contemplar a importância da musealização dos saberes e cultura nos museus. Destarte este estudo terá por método um diálogo bibliográfico com autores de cunho teórico, que com suas obras, oferecem base para a compreensão desta temática. Além de discussões voltadas para a preservação e valorização, que é o papel do museu. Contudo os resultados esperados foram alcançados, frente às pesquisas feitas para a realização deste estudo, estando eles direcionados a oferecer mais conhecimento sobre o quão os recortes da exposição museológica 'Lavras e Louvores' explicitam essas características de representações sobre os saberes e a cultura. Portanto, conclui-se que este recorte expográfico pode ser visto como espaço para as expressões identitárias dos povos que habitavam o Cerrado.
“E as crianças que mamavam eram arrancadas de suas mães e espetadas com terçados”: o processo-crime 6.362/78 e a etnografia do genocídio contra o povo Oro Win (Oro Towati)
Authors: BRITO ANTONIO Guimaraes
Published: November 2022

Trata-se de método etnográfico com pesquisa de campo na Reserva Indígena Uru-eu-wau-wau junto ao povo Oro Win ou Oro Towati, narrando o genocídio que sofreram na década de 1960, por uma expedição de extermínio a mando do seringalista Manoel Lucindo no Seringal chamado São Luis. O artigo foi escrito utilizando como fonte principal em sua integral cópia o processo n. 6.362/78, transitado na comarca de Guajara-Mirim, Rondônia. Além do processo crime de Genocídio, foi realizada pesquisa de campo entre o povo Oro Win, com muitas idas e vindas utilizando como acesso até a aldeia, a via fluvial durante cinco dias de “voadeira” no rio Pacaás-Novas, com autorização do povo Oro Towati, suas lideranças e testemunhas do massacre. A crueldade deste genocídio se destaca nos autos do processo e na fala dos que passaram e conheceram o terrorismo do “Não Índio”.  Discute-se o tema do Genocídio e do método etnográfico.
Caracterização do pH do solo no sítio arqueológico Templo dos Pilares (MS): algumas análises
Authors: SECCATTO CÁSSIA PATRÍCIA , Muzzi Rozanna Marques , DE AGUIAR RODRIGO LUIZ SIMAS , PALACIO EDITH , LOPES HEITOR CORREA
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados das análises de pH de amostras de solo coletadas no sítio arqueológico ‘Templo dos Pilares’ no município de Alcinópolis, norte do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Entre os objetivos estavam identificar que fatores foram potencialmente responsáveis pelos diferentes valores de pH, encontrados através dos níveis escavados, que variaram de acordo com a profundidade dos estratos arqueológicos. Verificou-se, também, que uma das quadriculas teve comportamento diferente para os valores do pH que pode ser resultante da presença de restos humanos.
Using “Spontaneous Geography” to reason about environmental problems
Authors:   Paris-Cité University, France, NAUDET Cédric
Published: November 2022

Climate change is a major challenge for societies, especially for future generations. Since 2018 and the large protests initiated by Greta Thunberg, an international youth protest movement has emerged in favour of action against climate change. Yet recent surveys have shown that, despite being aware of these issues, young people’s level of analysis of climate phenomena and their capacity for abstraction to understand environmental issues remain low. Consequently, developing didactic scenarios which enable students to understand this complexity appears to be a significant challenge in teaching curricula. Our hypothesis is that drawing on concrete situations presenting the actions of geographical agents would make it possible to overcome the barriers of abstraction. The "Spatial Thinking" group of the Paris-Cité University has formalized an experiential geography based on learning theories which show that learning is a process that can only take place by going back and forth between what the student knows and what they learn. This article first presents a teaching scenario designed to facilitate the teaching of environmental issues. It then examines the results obtained by the students and the new abstraction capacities offered to them.
Oxidation Behavior of Si-Modified Aluminide Coatings on K438 Superalloy Prepared Using a Hybrid Slurry/Pack Cementation Process
Authors: Zhang Lina , Zhou Yuebo
Published: November 2022

A Si-modified aluminide coating was prepared on nickel-based K438 superalloy using a hybrid slurry/pack cementation process. The microstructures indicated that the coatings exhibited a two-layer structure: the outer Al-rich Ni0.9Al1.1 layer with the dispersion of minor Ni2Al3 and Cr-rich phases of Al13Cr2 and Cr5Si3 and the inner interdiffusion layer. For comparison, simple aluminide coatings were also produced using normal pack cementation. Compared with the K438 superalloy and simple aluminide counterpart, the Si-modified aluminide coatings exhibited a lower oxidation rate and improved alumina scale adhesion in air at 1,100°C. Furthermore, the Si-modified aluminide coatings showed longer service life compared to the simple aluminide coatings because the addition of Si mitigated the degradation of coatings. Therefore, the simple aluminide lost protection while the Si-modified aluminide coatings were still protective after 300 h.
Development of a Short-Form Stroke Impact Scale Using a Machine Learning Algorithm for Patients at the Subacute Stage
Authors: Lee Shih-Chieh , Wang Inga , Lin Gong-Hong , Li Pei-Chi , Lee Ya-Chen , Chou Chia-Yeh , Huang Chien-Yu , Hsieh Ching-Lin
Published: November 2022

Importance: Several short forms of the Stroke Impact Scale Version 3.0 (SIS 3.0) have been proposed in order to decrease its administration time of about 20 min. However, none of the short-form scores are comparable to those of the original measure.

Objective: To develop a short-form SIS 3.0 using a machine learning algorithm (ML–SIS).

Design: We developed the ML–SIS in three stages. First, we calculated the frequencies of items having the highest contribution to predicting the original domain scores across 50 deep neural networks. Second, we iteratively selected the items showing the highest frequency until the coefficient of determination (R2) of each domain was ≥.90. Third, we examined the comparability and concurrent and convergent validity of the ML–SIS.

Setting: Hospitals.

Participants: We extracted complete data for 1,010 patients from an existing data set.

Results: Twenty-eight items were selected for the ML–SIS. High average R2s (.90–.96) and small average residuals (mean absolute errors and root-mean-square errors = 0.49–2.84) indicate good comparability. High correlations (rs = .95–.98) between the eight domain scores of the ML–SIS and the SIS 3.0 indicate sufficient concurrent validity. Similar interdomain correlations between the two measures indicate satisfactory convergent validity.

Conclusions and Relevance: The ML–SIS uses about half of the items in the SIS 3.0, has an estimated administration time of 10 min, and provides valid scores comparable to those of the original measure. Thus, the ML–SIS may be an efficient alternative to the SIS 3.0.

What This Article Adds: The ML–SIS, a short form of the SIS 3.0 developed using a machine learning algorithm, shows good potential to be an efficient and informative measure for clinical settings, providing scores that are valid and comparable to those of the original measure.
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik, Konsumsi Buah dan Sayur, serta Cek Kesehatan Rutin Terhadap Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Siswa/I SMA Sederajat di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sawangan, Kota Depok
Authors: Herdayanti Milla , Yahya Andito , Anitia Anggi , Yulianti Anna , Ananda Maulidyah , Chairunnisa Meita , Putri Meliana , Huwaida Nabilah , Syaharani Nafa Shahira Anglila , Khikmah Nafikhatul , Firzatullah Rofiq , Felicia Rouli
Published: November 2022

Hipertensi adalah salah satu penyakit tidak menular tanpa gejala dengan kematian tertinggi yang mulai berkembang pada remaja. Studi CDC menunjukkan 1 dari 25 remaja usia 12 hingga 19 tahun menderita Hipertensi. Sementara di Indonesia, terdapat 34,11% dengan usia di atas 18 tahun terdiagnosis hipertensi oleh dokter. Pada tingkat lebih kecil, dalam penelitian di kota Depok ditemukan 57,1% kasus hipertensi pada remaja di usia 12-25 tahun. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor perilaku yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi di wilayah kerja puskesmas Sawangan. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Sampel penelitian adalah hasil randomisasi pada populasi seluruh siswa/i SMA yaitu SMK dan SMA Yapan dengan jumlah 96 responden. Penelitian ini dilakukan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Dari 96 responden sebanyak 38,54% ditemukan kasus hipertensi dengan rentang usia 14-18 tahun. Hasil analisis faktor perilaku yang mempengaruhi kejadian hipertensi diperoleh nilai P-value>0,05 untuk variabel aktivitas fisik (P-value 0,887 dan 0,754), konsumsi buah dan sayur (P-value=0,096), dan cek kesehatan rutin (P-value=0,536). Hal ini menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan antara aktivitas fisik, konsumsi buah, dan cek kesehatan rutin terhadap kejadian hipertensi di wilayah kerja puskesmas Sawangan.
A responsabilidade tributária das pessoas jurídicas integrantes de grupos econômicos não formalizados
Authors: Júnior Edílson Nobre , Albuquerque Victor Gabriel Alcantara de
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo trata da responsabilização tributária de pessoas jurídicas que integram grupos econômicos não formalizados. A matéria não foi expressamente regulada pelo Código Tributário Nacional, razão pela qual remanescem divergências doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais sobre o tema. Diante disso, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica da doutrina geral e específica, pretende-se sintetizar os parâmetros propostos à luz do CTN e do Código Civil. Foram encontradas cinco propostas distintas de parâmetros de responsabilização com fundamento no art. 124, I, do CTN; e três com fundamento no art. 50 do Código Civil. Ao final, foram realizadas considerações críticas sobre os parâmetros propostos.
Agravo Interno: Artigo 1.021 do CPC
Authors: Neves Frederico Ricardo de Almeida
Published: November 2022

Este texto versa sobre o recurso de agravo interno, previsto no artigo 1.021 do Código de Processo Civil, interponível contra decisões unipessoais do relator, e do Presidente ou do Vice-Presidente do Tribunal.
Phát hiện và xác định loài của Cryptosporidium bằng phương pháp miễn dịch huỳnh quang (IFA) và PCR giải trình tự từ mẫu chất thải biogas tại tỉnh Bắc Giang
Authors: Trâm Nguyễn Thùy , Nga Tăng Thị , Trang Lê Thị , Hằng Phùng Thị Thu , Hương Lê Thanh , Hải Phạm Thanh , Hòa Lương Minh , Trà Đoàn Thu
Published: November 2022

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là nhằm đánh giá sự khác nhau và hiệu quả của phương pháp IFA và PCR giải trình tự trong việc xác định sự hiện diện và định danh ở mức độ loài của Cryptosporidium spp. trong mẫu chất thải biogas. Trong nghiên cứu này, 167 mẫu chất thải biogas được thu thập từ 03 huyện (Việt Yên, Lạng Giang và Hiệp Hòa) của tỉnh Bắc Giang từ năm 2019 - 2020 để tìm bào nang Cryptosporidium. Có 16 trong số 167 (9,6%) mẫu được phân tích bằng phương pháp miễn dịch huỳnh quang (IFA) dương tính với Cryptosporidium spp.,. Trong số này 11 mẫu đồng thời được khẳng định dương tính với Cryptosporidium spp., bằng phương pháp PCR. Các mẫu dương tính với PCR được giải trình tự trên gen 18S rRNA. Cụ thể, có 4 loài Cryptosporidium scrofarum, 2 C. suis được phát hiện trong mẫu nước thải trước biogas. Có 2 loài C. scrofarum, 1 C. suis, 1 C. bailey và 1 C. meleagridis được phát hiện trong mẫu nước thải sau biogas. Kết quả PCR giải trình tự cho thấy các loài Cryptosporidium phân lập được là những loài lây truyền từ động vật sang người. Chính vì vậy, việc xác định Cryptosporidium spp. bằng phương pháp miễn dịch huỳnh quang, kết hợp với PCR giải trình tự gen 18S rRNA có ý nghĩa quan trọng trong các nghiên cứu dịch tễ học, điều tra nguồn gốc của nhiễm trùng và giám sát bệnh tiêu chảy do Cryptosporidium.
The Problematic Scientificity of Psychology in the Media: How Mental Illness Coverage Could Lead to Criminality Prejudice
Authors: Fernandes Adalberto
Published: November 2022

We analysed how psychologists in the media approached a recent case of mass murder “attempt” by a university student. Contrary to previous media studies focused on the relationship between crime and mental health, we do not take for granted the scientificity of psychology in order to understand how its trembling epistemic status affects its public discourse. The case was one of the first happening in Europe during the COVID-19 crisis, an event that is known for its impacts on mental health. Using Foucault’s genealogical-archaeological method we found that there was a prominent level of speculation that, dangerously, linked mental illness with criminal behaviour, especially when there was a lack of information about the student and his intentions. The pandemic context constituted a renewed opportunity for experts to talk about ‘collective mental illness’ in alarming terms. Interestingly, the experts presented naïve versions of the “magic bullet theory” to explain the power that media have on subjects with mental illness who engage in criminal behaviour. We also found that specialists proposed hypotheses that cannot be disproven, creating a dogmatic sense of a fearful inescapability from mental illness that can lead to criminal behaviour.
Cabozantinib (Cabometyx)
Authors: CADTH
Published: November 2022

CADTH recommends that Cabometyx should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) if certain conditions are met.

Cabometyx should only be covered to treat patients who did not respond to prior radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy or are not eligible for RAI, those previously treated with 1 to 2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and those who have good performance status (i.e., they are in relatively good health).

Cabometyx should only be reimbursed if it is prescribed by specialists with experience in the management of thyroid cancer and the cost of Cabometyx is reduced.
Quantification of methane emissions in Hamburg using a network of FTIR spectrometers and an inverse modeling approach
Authors: Forstmaier Andreas , Chen Jia , Dietrich Florian , Bettinelli Juan , Maazallahi Hossein , Schneider Carsten , Winkler Dominik , Zhao Xinxu , Jones Taylor , van der Veen Carina , Wildmann Norman , Makowski Moritz , Uzun Aydin , Klappenbach Friedrich , Denier van der Gon Hugo , Schwietzke Stefan , Röckmann Thomas
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas and anthropogenic CH4 emissions contribute significantly to global warming. In this study the CH4 emissions of the city of Hamburg, Germany were quantified with measurements from four solar-viewing Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometers (FTIR), mobile in-situ measurements and an inversion framework. For source type attribution an Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer was deployed in the city. The urban district hosts an extensive industrial and port area in the south, as well as a large conglomerate of residential areas north of the Elbe river. For emission modeling the TNO GHGco inventory was used as a basis. In order to improve the inventory, two approaches were followed: Firstly the addition of a large natural CH4 source, the Elbe river, which was previously not in the inventory. Secondly mobile measurements were carried out to update the spatial distribution of emissions in the TNO GHGco gridded inventory and derive two updated versions of the inventory. The addition of the river emissions improved model performance, while the correction of the spatial distribution with mobile measurements did not have a significant effect on the total emission estimates for the campaign period. A comparison of the updated inventories with emission estimates from a Gaussian Plume Model (GPM) showed that the updated versions of the inventory in several cases match the GPM emissions estimates well, highlighting the potential of mobile measurements to derive up-to-date emission inventories. The mobile measurement survey also revealed a large, so far unknown point source of fossil origin with a magnitude of 0.069 ± 0.047 Gg/yr. The isotopic measurements show strong indications that there is a large biogenic CH4 source in Hamburg which produced repeated enhancements of over 1ppm. The CH4 emissions (anthropogenic and natural) of the city of Hamburg were quantified as 14 ± Gg/yr of which 7.9 ± 4.4 Gg/yr are of anthropogenic origin. This study reveals that mobile measurements at street-level may miss the majority of total methane emissions, potentially due to sources within buildings including stoves and boilers operating on fossil gas (also referred to as "natural gas"), as well as due to large area sources like for instance the Alster lake.
Technical note: Improving the European air quality forecast of Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service using machine learning techniques
Authors: Bertrand Jean-Maxime , Meleux Frédérik , Ung Anthony , Descombes Gaël , Colette Augustin
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Model Output Statistics (MOS) approaches relying on machine learning algorithms were applied to downscale regional air quality forecasts produced by CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) at hundreds of monitoring sites across Europe. Besides the CAMS forecast, the predictors in the MOS typically include meteorological variables but also ancillary data. We explored first a “local” approach where specific models are trained at each site. An alternative “global” approach where a single model is trained with data from the whole geographical domain was also investigated. In both cases, local predictors are used for a given station in predictive mode. Because of its global nature, the latter approach can capture a variety of meteorological situation within a very short training period and is thereby more suited to cope with operational constraints in relation with the training of the MOS (frequent upgrades of the modelling system, addition of new monitoring sites). Both approaches have been implemented using a variety of machine learning algorithms: random forest, gradient boosting, standard and regularized multi-linear models. The quality of the MOS predictions is evaluated in this work for four key pollutants, namely particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5, ozone O3 and nitrogen dioxide NO2, according to scores based on the predictive errors and on the detection of pollution peaks (exceedances of the regulatory thresholds). Both the local and the global approaches significantly improve the performances of the raw Ensemble forecast. The most important result of this study is that the global approach competes with and can even outperform the local approach in some cases. This global approach gives the best RMSE scores when relying on a random forest model, for the prediction of daily mean, daily max and hourly concentrations. By contrast, it is the gradient boosting model which is better suited for the detection of exceedances of the European Union regulated threshold values for O3 and PM10.
Global evaluation of Doppler velocity errors of EarthCARE Cloud Profiling Radar using global storm-resolving simulation
Authors: Hagihara Yuichiro , Ohno Yuichi , Horie Hiroaki , Roh Woosub , Satoh Masaki , Kubota Takuji
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) on the Earth Clouds, Aerosol, and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) satellite is the first satellite-borne Doppler radar (EC-CPR). In our previous study, we examined the effects of horizontal (along-track) integration and simple unfolding methods on the reduction of Doppler errors in the EC-CPR observations, and those effects were evaluated using two limited scenes in limited latitude and low pulse repetition frequency (PRF) settings. In this study, the amount of data used was significantly increased, and the area of the data used was extended globally. Not only low PRF but also high PRF settings were examined. We calculated the EC-CPR-observed Doppler velocity from pulse-pair covariances using the radar reflectivity factor and Doppler velocity obtained from a satellite data simulator and a global storm-resolving simulation. The global data were divided into five latitudinal zones, and mean Doppler errors for 5 dBZe after 10 km integration were calculated. In the case of low PRF setting, the error without unfolding correction for the tropics reached a maximum of 2.2 m s-1 and then decreased toward the poles (0.43 m s-1). The error with unfolding correction for the tropics became much smaller at 0.63 m s-1. In the case of high PRF setting, the error without unfolding correction for the tropics reached a maximum of 0.78 m s-1 and then decreased toward the poles (0.19 m s-1). The error with unfolding correction for the tropics was 0.29 m s-1, less than half the value without the correction. The results of the analyses of the simulated data indicated that the zonal mean frequency of precipitation echoes was highest in the tropics and decreased toward the poles. Considering a limitation of the unfolding correction for discrimination between large upward velocity and large precipitation falling velocity, the latitudinal variation of the Doppler error can be explained by the precipitation echo distribution.
The Stochastic Ice-Sheet and Sea-Level System Model v1.0 (StISSM v1.0)
Authors: Verjans Vincent , Robel Alexander A. , Seroussi Helene , Ultee Lizz , Thompson Andrew F.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. We introduce the first version of the Stochastic Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (StISSM v1.0), which adds stochastic parameterizations within a state-of-the-art large-scale ice sheet model. In StISSM v1.0, stochastic parameterizations target climatic fields with internal variability, as well as glaciological processes exhibiting variability that cannot be resolved at the spatiotemporal resolution of ice sheet models: calving and subglacial hydrology. Because both climate and unresolved glaciological processes include internal variability, stochastic parameterizations allow StISSM v1.0 to account for the impacts of their high-frequency variability on ice dynamics and on the long-term evolution of modeled glaciers and ice sheets. StISSM v1.0 additionally includes statistical models to represent surface mass balance and oceanic forcing as autoregressive processes. Such models, once appropriately calibrated, allow users to sample irreducible uncertainty in climate prediction without the need for computationally expensive ensembles from climate models. When combined together, these novel features of StISSM v1.0 enable quantification of irreducible uncertainty in ice sheet model simulations and of ice sheet sensitivity to noisy forcings. We detail the implementation strategy of StISSM v1.0, evaluate its capabilities in idealized model experiments, demonstrate its applicability at the scale of a Greenland ice sheet simulation, and highlight priorities for future developments. Results from our test experiments demonstrate the complexity of ice sheet response to variability, such as asymmetric and/or non-zero mean responses to symmetric, zero-mean imposed variability. They also show differing levels of projection uncertainty for stochastic variability in different processes. These features are in line with results from stochastic experiments in climate and ocean models, as well as with the theoretical expected behavior of noise-forced non-linear systems.
PRE-REVOLUTION HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN KAZAKHSTAN IN THE EARLY 19TH-XX CENTURIES
Authors:   Institute of History and Ethnology named after Sh. Sh. Ualikhanov, Mukhatova O.H.
Published: November 2022

In the article, the works of pre-revolutionary Russian officials and researchers, educational specialists, who considered various issues of Kazakh education, are analyzed in a historiographical sense. A. Alectrov, A.V. Vasiliev, K. Belavin's works and articles on education of Kazakh children in Ural, Torgai, Orynbor regions published in periodicals are analyzed. The researches published in Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods are also analyzed in order to verify the historiographical facts. The content and significance of the works described about the Orynbor Neplyuev cadet corps, the Orynbor paramedic school, the school for Kazakh children under the Orynbor border commission, the Russian-Kazakh primary, two-class village, Kazakh teacher schools in the Orynbor, Ural, Troitsk field fortresses are shown. Information about the territory, population, educational institutions, financing, costs, number of students, age, social composition, division into classes, taught subjects, awarding of scholarships, tuition fees, beliefs of the educational institutions is given in the works. Difficulties in the education of Kazakh children, lack of interest of the colonizing country in the deep education of Kazakh children, the reasons why girls are not attracted to education, etc. problems are identified in the scope of historical data.
HISTORIOGRAPHICAL NARRATIVES POSTCOLONIAL STUDIES HISTORICAL MEMORY OF THE KAZAKH SOCIETY
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Krupko I.V. , Burkhanov B.B. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute History and ethnology, Kazakhstan, Almaty
Published: November 2022

The article provides a brief overview of the use of the conceptual optics of post-colonialstudies in the academic environment of contemporary Kazakhstan. How are post-coloniality and decolonization understood in Kazakhstani studies and updated in the historical memory of Kazakhstani society, not only in the academic environment, but also in the media sphere? Is it possible to speak of the historical memory of the Kazakh society as a memory in a state of post-coloniality? To what extent is this conceptual framework applicable to Kazakhstani material? What is the ideological pragmatics and internal need for historical victimization and glorification in the historical memory of Kazakhstani society? It is difficult to answer these questions within the framework of one article, but it is possible to review the most representative historiographic examples and research areas of this topic and try to find answers based on specific historiographic material. In the historical science and other humanities of Kazakhstan, the conceptual framework of post-colonial studies is gaining popularity, despite the lack of consensus on the definitions of "colonial". It should also be noted that, despite the late import of post-colonial studies into Kazakhstani science and the media sphere in the 2010s, this conceptual framework was born and institutionalized in the USSRwith the active participation of Kazakhstan and some figures of the Kazakh intelligentsia of the 1960s.
THE HISTORY OF STUDYING THE IRRIGATIONSYSTEM OF SYRDARYAN KAZAKHS
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan,Nur-Sultan, Razdykov S.Z. , Dossymbetov N.A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan,Nur-Sultan
Published: November 2022

The article providesa historiographic review of the works written on the traditional irrigation system of the SyrdaryanKazakhs. Since the second half of the 19th century, in order to implement the policy of tsarist Russia on the resettlement of the outlying lands, Russian officials and researchers began to actively study water-land relations and irrigation systems of the local population. In other words, studies of Russian officials and travelers have become systematic. Thus, the work of N.A. Dingelstedt “Experience in studying irrigation of the Turkestan region. Syr-Darya region "was written on the basis of the results of a study initiated by the Turkestan General Government. In addition, in pre-revolutionary historiography, this topic is considered in the works of L. Meyer,E. Smirnov, A. I. Shakhnazarov, N. Gavrilov, G. N. Cherdantsev, etc. After the formation of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR and the formation of schools of archeology and ethnography, stationary archaeological and ethnographic expeditions are carried out in the regions of the country, the results of which are reflected in academic publications and scientific articles. The peculiarity of this period lies in the fact that this problem and other similar issues were analyzed from a scientific point of view. Despite the fact that this topichas not been considered as a special object of research since 1991, it has been noted in the dissertations of individual applicants, and in monographs of researchers.
FROM THE HISTORY OF TEMPLE CONSTRUCTION IN AKMOLINSK IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH– EARLY 20TH CENTURIES(ARCHITECTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE MATERIALS OF PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTS)
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Russian, Tyumen, Stas I.N. , Nurbayev Z.Y. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Kazakhstan, Astana, Kozybayeva M.M. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Kazakhstan, Astana
Published: November 2022

The article examines the Orthodox cult architecture in the city of Akmolinsk in the pre-revolutionary period. The activation of Orthodox church building in Kazakhstan can be traced from the middle of the 19th - early 20th centuries, due to the increase in population due to the resettlementmovement and changes in the status of settlements. For the construction of religious buildings, the practice of using model projects of churches was widespread, which was regulated by the Holy Synod and was of a recommendatory nature. The main purpose of the work is to study Orthodox temple construction, to identify common and special features in architectural and artistic compositions. Photo documents are used as sources, and their analysis gives them significance as a historical source for visualizing the space of the city of Akmolinsk in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. Theauthors considered the factors and reasons for the construction of Orthodox churches, their transfer and construction in other places of the city.
SEMIOSIS OF THE IMAGE AND NARRATIVE OF THE OTRAR LIBRARY: IN SEARCH OF THE LOST ENLIGHTENMENT
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Krupko I.V.
Published: November 2022

The article explores the image of the Otrar library – one of the most famous places of historical memory of the Kazakh society. We traced the genealogy of this image and its reflection in 4 identified narratives of historical memory: academic (scientific), media (public history, fiction, media), folklore and official (state). The reasons for the popularity of this image, starting from the second half of the twentieth century, and the role of the scientific and creative intelligentsia in the reinvention of the historical subjectivity of the Kazakhs in the process of Soviet nation-building and the anti-religious campaign of 1958-1964, when in order to preserve the cultural heritage of medieval monuments of Central Asia within the framework of the concept autochthonism and “the struggle for progressive folk traditions”, local elites intensified archaeological research, reception and development of this heritage, derived from the classification of “religious” to the definition of “folk”. During this period, the image of medieval urban culture begins to form as a chronotope of the golden age in the historical memory of Kazakhstan society. It is there that the Great Silk Road is located, a developed urban culture, the great and tragic pages of Otrar, the Second Teacher of the world - Al-Farabi, the actualization of whose biography largely revived interest in Otrar and influenced the emergence of the image of the Otrar library in the historical memory. There, urbanization ceases to be a modern problem and becomes a cultural heritage. Within the framework of the article, the mechanisms of formation and overcoming of the cultural trauma of "non-historicity" of the sedentarized nomadic culture by the Kazakh national intelligentsia of the 1950s-1960s were studied. The Otrar library, as a place of historical memory, plays the role of the argument of the “lost enlightenment” in these narratives.
SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY AND FORMATION OF THE WORLDVIEW OF AKHMET ZAKI UALIDI
Authors:   National Women`s Teacher Training University. Kazakhstan, Almaty, Smanova A.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to one of the most pressing issues of modern historical science - the study of the scientific heritage of the outstanding orientalist Ahmet Zaki Validi. His pre-revolutionary works and the opinions of his contemporaries were studied, and on this basis an attempt was made to restore an objective view of the research activities of the scientist. Zaki Validi was not only a well-known orientalist, but also the leader of the Bashkir national movement of the early twentieth century, the founder of the Bashkir Autonomous Republic. It also shows the origin, formation and development of the Bashkir national movement at the turning points for the country, the most difficult and sometimes tragic sides of the struggle to resolve the national issue during the war years. The article describes in detail the outstanding role of the leader of the national movement Zaki Walidi and his associates in this struggle.
ACTIVITIES OF PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS AND NATIONAL INTELLIGENTIA ON THE ORGANIZATION OF MUSEUM BUSINESS IN THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors:   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Tleubayev S.B. , Belous S.G. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University,Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kurmanalina N.N. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Konkabayeva A.N. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Kazakhstan, Almaty
Published: November 2022

Based on archival sources, the article examines the formation of museums in Kazakhstan at the beginning of the 20th century, the social aspects of their cultural and educational activities, the role of the national intelligentsia in the design of museum work. Socio-economic and political changes that took place in the 1920s of the Soviet period had a significant impact on the culture and education of Kazakhstan, the elimination of illiteracy, there was a need to develop cultural and educational direction. Aspecial Central Asian Committee for Museums and the Protection of Ancient Monuments has been established for the republics of Central Asia and Kazakhstan, and a society of local historians has been organized in the republic.The article describes how the research society of Kazakhstan has established the organization of libraries, museums and archival affairs, has made every effort to make them a place for the promotion of knowledge and culture among the population.
Ageing in Space: Remaking Community for Older Adults
Authors: Ågotnes Gudmund , Charlesworth Sara , MacDonald Martha
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we explore the needs of older adults for social interaction by investigating how local and everyday communities are produced by service organisations and experienced by their patrons. We approach the social needs of older adults through the lens of ‘community,’ both as a concept and as a lived experience. Our attention to communities of peers and arenas for everyday interaction is discussed in the context of the dominant policy discourse of ‘ageing in place.’ In this discourse, ‘place’ is predominantly interpreted as physical infrastructure, with little formal recognition of the importance of the arenas of social everyday interaction for older adults outside the home/family.Our exploration draws on the empirical study of three organisations in Toronto, Canada and Bergen, Norway that, in various ways, represent places for everyday interaction. We discuss how belonging is understood from the perspective of different older groups and how it is facilitated by organisations and services, through the creation of shared, informal social spaces. Even though there is considerable difference in size, aesthetics, target population and geographical impact field, all three organisations offered their patrons a space for informal social interaction in which they were allowed to claim the space as their own. Our analysis indicates a pronounced need for a diversity of arenas for older adults to interact socially. Furthermore, we portray how these spaces for everyday interaction are created often in addition to, or even in divergence from, the official mission of these organisations, in a form of co-optation by patrons.
ЧУЖОЙ СРЕДИ СВОИХ, ЧУЖОЙ СРЕДИ ЧУЖИХ:
ЛЕВОН МИРЗОЯН
Authors: АКОПЯН ВИКТОР
Published: November 2022

Цель исследования ‒ проанализировать роль известного советского
политического деятеля Левона Исаевича Мирзояна в формировании
государственности Азербайджана и Казахстана. При нем Казахстан был
преобразован в союзную республику, правопреемником которой является
современная Республика Казахстан.
Наша задача ‒ показать реальную роль политического деятеля в
развитии этих республик, показать несостоятельность фальсификаций
его личности. В последние годы под влиянием ангажированных политиков
и историков деятельность Левона Мирзояна, благодаря которому
произошел невероятный цивилизационный скачок казахов, тысячелетиями
кочевавших по азиатским просторам, подвергается фальсификациям и,
одновременно предаются забвению его заслуги перед Казахстаном и его
народом.
В ходе исследования были использованы историко-сравнительный и
историко-аналитический методы.
В результате исследования мы пришли к следующему выводу:
выдающийся политический деятель, отдав все свои силы и энергию
развитию Азербайджана, Казахстана и других регионов СССР, так и
остался для них чужим. В этом и состоит урок, который можно вынести
из исторической биографии нашего соотечественника. Многие
выдающиеся деятели армянского происхождения, которые отдали свою
жизнь, отстаивая чужие интересы, вместо благодарности в лучшем
случае были стерты из истории этих стран, так и не признавших их
своими.