bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Change in the area of Lithuanian trees and shrubs greenery in 2002–2022
Authors:   Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania, Ivaviciute Giedre
Published: February 2024

The topic of this article is relevant because in Lithuania the assessment of the area occupied by plantations and green spaces has shown that the area standards do not meet the requirements and recommendations of the World Health Organisation. Green spaces are regulated differently in different countries of the European Union. Lithuania has also developed a legal framework for the protection, management and establishment of new plantations and green spaces. However, this legal framework is im-proving and new laws are being added to it. Comparative, analytical, as well as statistical, and logical analysis methods were used for the investigation. The data of the Land Fund of the Republic of Lithuania for 2002–2022 were used for comparative investigation. The aim of this article is to perform an analysis of the change in the trees and shrubs greenery area of Lithuania in 2002–2022. In Lithuania, for example, trees and shrubs occupied 84,687.48 ha in 2002. In 2022, the plantation area amounted to 208,609.48 ha. From 2002 to 2022 the area of tree and shrub plantations in Lithuania increased by 123,922.00 ha or 146.33%. The analysis shows that in the period between the years 2002 and 2022 the biggest increase in the area of shrubs and plantations took place in Utena County (32,715.83 ha or 395.27%), but the smallest increase in Tauragė County (2,642.93 ha or 37.69%) and Marijampolė County (4,581.39 ha or 72.25%).The development of plantation areas has been positively influenced by the creation of an appropriate legislative framework and the implementation of plantation programmes in counties and municipalities.
Tourists’ Environmentally Responsible Behavior in Response to Climate Change
Authors:   Riga Technical University, Latvia, Grizane Tamara , Blumberga Dagnija ,   Riga Technical University, Latvia
Published: February 2024

Tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior (ERB) in response to climate change is a topic that is becoming increasingly important during the Covid-19 pandemic as people’s values change. Tourism is facing an economic downturn and now is the time to prepare for a new upswing. Meanwhile, a new narrative is needed in response to climate change, as tourism is a net polluter of the environment. That is why tourist ERB studies are becoming more and more relevant in the world, including Latvia, too. The objective of this paper is to determine the ERB of tourists in response to climate change. The questionnaire included 30 research questions and generated 383 answers from respondents from the Vidzeme region of Latvia. Several research methods were used in the study: descriptive and correlation method, KMO and BARLETT’S, Cohen’s Kappa and Cronbach’s alpha tests, Exploratory factor analysis and Principal Components Analysis. The study found that the factors attitude, behaviour, awareness, control, environmental knowledge, experience and values influence tourists’ ERB; however, environmental knowledge and experience show a slight advantage. To direct the continuation of the research towards the creation of the tourism ERB model in Latvia.
Landscape quality evaluation using cultural ecosystem service assessment methods
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Spage Aiga
Published: February 2024

Ecosystem services (ES) have been widely researched for several years, but cultural ecosystem services (CES) have gained importance in recent years due to pressure on human well-being and public health. This literature review aims to continue research about ES assessment methods used in the valuation of landscape quality, analysing methods for CES assessment. The most assessed CES is aesthetic value being one of the most appreciated and widely known CES. Landscape quality assessment is complicated and rarely assessed, but several methods evaluate separate features of landscape quality, which gives an insight into accessible methods for landscape valuation. In this article, methods are analysed and categorised into four groups – economic, spatial evaluation, social and statistical analysis. Most analysed articles use several methods in one assessment giving more precise results. In CES assessment, the most used method is surveys and questionnaires and usually incorporating mapping methods to spatially explicitly represent the data.
Impacts of biocover composition on greenhouse gas emission
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Siltumens Kristaps , Grinfelde Inga ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Burlakovs Juris ,   The Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland, Liepa Sindija ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Grinberga Linda ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies
Published: February 2024

It is generally estimated that gas, which generates more than half of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from waste industries in landfills, is seen as a serious environmental problem worldwide. It is therefore essential to promote management methods to reduce GHG emissions from landfills as well as other sources. One way of achieving this is the usage of different types of biocover applied to them. The aim of this study is to clarify the impact of the biocover created on GHG emissions. An experiment was conducted in laboratory conditions that studied the effectiveness of biocover developed in the laboratory. Three experimental columns with a diameter of 160 mm and a height of 1500 mm were created. Active compost saturated with water at a thickness of 500 mm was used as a source of methane, a permeable layer of sand at a thickness of 300 mm was further formed and finally covered with biocover. Biocover represented 60% of fine-fraction waste, 20% of soil and 20% of compost. The experiment was launched on June 6, 2022, and the first measurements were made two weeks later. All measurements were performed with the CRDS gas measurement device Picarro G2508 (Picarro Inc., USA California). All data analysis was carried out using Descriptive statistics methods. The largest reduction in emissions is projected directly for methane emissions, as biocover technology is appropriate to reduce methane emissions. Other GHG emissions are also expected to be reduced. NH3 emission measurements were also carried out to investigate the impact of the biocover on it. This experiment shows that the biocover created is effective and can be composed of material that has already been served. The experiment is intended to continue to obtain long-term data on the development of biotransformation and to develop more promising approaches in the future to reduce GHG emissions from landfills.
Use of isotopes for identification of N2O sources from soils
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Liepa Sindija , Butenaite Dace ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Pilecka-Ulcugaceva Jovita ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Grinfelde Inga ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies
Published: February 2024

Natural processes and human activity play a crucial role in altering the nitrogen cycle and increasing nitrogen oxide (N2 O) emissions. Nitrous oxide isotopes 15N and 18O are important parameters that can help to explain the sources of N2 O gas, as well as their circulation under different soil physical properties. The main goal of the study is to analyze the possibilities of using dinitrogen isotopes 15N and 18O, measured in soil samples, for the identification of N2 O sources. A total of 16 plots were sampled. Each soil sample was assigned a code. Wetting of the samples was carried out to create wet aerobic conditions and wet anaerobic conditions. N2 O measurements were performed in laboratory conditions using the Picarro G5131-i device. The 15Nα and 15Nβ values obtained in the measurement data were used to calculate the δ15NSP and δ15Nbulk values. The obtained δ15NSP and δ15Nbul values were analysed using two methods – descriptive statistics and Kruskal-Wallis test. The test showed that there are statistically significant differences between δ15NSP values (p-value <0.0001), and δ15Nbulk there was no significant difference (p-value 0.885).
Perspective moving towards the implementation of circular
Authors:   University of Latvia, Salmina Aiga , Ozola-Davidane Ruta ,   University of Latvia, Fonteina-Kazeka Maija ,   Association ‘Baltic Coasts’, Latvia, Konstantinova Elina ,   Association ‘Baltic Coasts’, Latvia
Published: February 2024

The transformation from a linear to a circular economy model is a political priority of the European Union to develop sustainable and more efficient raw materials and waste management. The wastewater sector is an important element in the circular economy with a great potential for resource recovery such as phosphorus recovery from waste streams. With this in view, the present study’s aim was to analyse data on municipal wastewater treatment plants (>2,000 p.e.) in Latvia and the present situation with newly developed circularity indicators on waste reduction, pollutants removal, resource recovery and water reuse; thus, enabling evaluation of the level of transformation towards circularity in Latvia’s wastewater treatment plants and their future perspectives. The results showed that the wastewater sector in the country complies with legal obligations, but on the other hand, only a few solutions are practised in compliance with the principles of circular economy, i.e., reduction of wastewater discharge and increasing sewage sludge utilization as fertilizer in agriculture.
Water stable isotopes as drinking water quality indicator in dug wells of Eastern Latvia
Authors:   University of Latvia, Purmalis Oskars , Babre Alise ,   University of Latvia, Klavins Linards ,   University of Latvia, Ozola-Davidane Ruta ,   University of Latvia, Klavins Maris ,   University of Latvia, Popovs Konrads ,   University of Latvia, Grinfelde Inga ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Latvia
Published: February 2024

Stable isotope ratios of water (δ2H and δ18O) are important indicators which describe hydrological processes in the environment. These parameters allow to analyse structure, status, migration of pollutants and processes of the groundwater system. Groundwater from dug wells is widely used as a drinking water source highlighting the importance of investigation of water quality and its possible flows and sources. Despite available centralized water systems, there are still wide territories where dug wells are the main source of drinking water supply. Dug wells are recharged from shallow groundwaters which makes them more vulnerable to anthropogenic contamination. Therefore, quality monitoring and estimation of anthropogenic influences are of importance. Quality requirements of drinking water do not provide measurements of stable isotope ratios in drinking water, but the combination of those elements can be valuable for the characterization of impacts on groundwater quality. The aim of this study was to survey 64 dug wells in Eastern Latvia and analyse water quality together with measurements of stable isotope ratios. Measurements were performed twice, i.e., autumn and spring to track water sources in wells and describe the extent of possible impacts. This approach can indicate the magnitude of local factor impacts on drinking water quality. Surveyed wells provide high differences in analysed parameters, for example, nitrate concentrations in autumn varies from 0.44 to 108.26 mg LE−1. Also, other detected parameters are variable; therefore, tracking water flow with stable isotope values gives better insight into the water quality of the studied region.
Improving intrusion detection intelligence by open data usage
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Paulins Nauris
Published: February 2024

Cyberattacks have become a regular part of network activity. To mitigate the risks from possible threats, organisations have implemented firewalls and intrusion detection systems, which can help stop network attacks. The problem is that often the accuracy of these systems is not effective enough. Another part of network security is security information and management platforms. These systems are more advanced versions of Threat Intelligence Platforms, because it is possible to make in-depth analyses of real-time events in a network. This research paper proposes improving intrusion detection system functionality using Open-Source Intelligence. Anomaly-based intrusion detection systems often generate alerts, but these alerts require deeper analysis to understand whether it is a real attack or just a false alarm. By making Open-Source Intelligence requests and evaluating extra information, it is possible to make more precise rules to stop attacks against network infrastructure. Open-Source Intelligence requests are generated directly from the intrusion detection system or with Python scripts based on the organisation’s infrastructure profile. The proposed architecture was experimentally tested by automating Open-Source Intelligence requests and intrusion detection rule generation by Python scripts.
Career development for enhancing employability of students as prospective specialists in the university educational environment
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Troshkova Marina
Published: February 2024

Universities play an important role in providing a wide range of services and connecting all stakeholders, such as employers, alumni, and other community members to prepare students for future employment, establish networking with labour market representatives, assist them in integrating into the labour market, and develop students’ as potential specialists’ employability skills, thereby fostering their career development in the university educational environment. The aim of this study is to analyse the career related theories and propose a career development model for economics and business-focused universities. The following research methods were used: desk study, analysis and evaluation of scientific literature (theoretical research method); reflection of personal experience (empirical research method). The theoretical research emphasised modern career-related theories and resulted in a proposal for a career development model for a university. A mandatory course that formally prepares students as prospective specialists for employment and internship, exposure to the labour market via internship, networking events, and mental support provided by qualified psychologists, university teachers as part of an academic advising programme and alumni organized in the form of an alumni mentorship programme, are the main pillars of the proposed career development model.
Factors influencing student initiative in effective mathematics studies at universities
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sergejeva Natalija , Zeidmane Anda ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies
Published: February 2024

One of the most important problems of modern education is low achievement in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) subjects. Poor performance in mathematics is a serious problem in many countries. In order to improve the effectiveness of mathematics studies, it is more important to improve such key factors as students’ learning self–efficacy and learning initiative. This study is devoted to students’ learning initiative and the factors influencing it. It is the insufficiency of students’ regular learning initiative in the study process that is the basis of the fact that students are not sufficiently prepared for the final exam. Based on the research results of the scientific literature, a questionnaire was created that investigated the students’ learning initiative and factors that could improve it – attitude towards mathematics studies, motivation, as well as emotional factors that are often related to Causal attributions. The research was conducted at Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, surveying students of various specialties and various courses. Fisher’s exact test of independence is used to determine whether there is a significant relationship between two categorical variables – the respective factors and performance on the math completion test. The results show that one of the main causes is a low self–assessment of mathematics competence, which in turn affects motivation and attitude towards mathematics studies and slows down learning initiative.
Digitization of higher education in Ukraine: Organizational and applied aspects
Authors:   Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, Ukraine, Zamkova Iryna , Dubinina Maryna ,   Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, Ukraine, Syrtseva Svitlana ,   Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, Ukraine, Cheban Yuliia ,   Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, Ukraine, Luhova Olha ,   Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, Ukraine, Kuchmiiova Tetiana ,   Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

Today in Ukraine, a digital transformation of the educational system of higher education is taking place at a rapid pace, in which information and communication technologies are not becoming an additional ʻload’ in learning, but an integral part of a comprehensive educational process, which increases its efficiency. At the same time, there are a number of challenges, including such specific ones as unprovoked military aggression, which complicates the process of entry of higher education in Ukraine into the global educational digital environment. To assess the significance of the digitalization of the educational system of higher education in Ukraine in specific conditions, to analyse the attitude of the teaching staff and students to online education, to establish technical means of participation in the educational process, to determine the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning through the prism of the experience of teaching staff and students, we used three main methods: the survey method, the method of analysis and synthesis, the graphical method. As a result of the study, the authors revealed the general concept of digitalization and its educational dimension; identified the main challenges faced by higher education institutions in the digital environment; determined the impact and scale of military aggression by the Russian Federation on the activities of Ukrainian universities; established the features of training in the digital environment by institutions of the higher education of Ukraine.
Comparative study on the impact of Covid-19 on emotional well-being in the workplace
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Vintere Anna , Bartuseviciene Inga ,   The World Maritime University, Sweden, Aruvee Eve ,   Estonian University of Life Sciences, Estonia, Rimkuviene Daiva ,   Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania
Published: February 2024

Individuals’ emotional well-being is determined by several factors, including the ability to cope with daily stress and the ability to cope with various daily challenges. Ability of the management to provide favorable psychoemotional and psychosocial conditions within their team is particularly important. However, managers do not always have the knowledge and skills to lead their teams. For the development of the methodology, a study of the scientific literature on topical issue like healthy workplace was performed. The empirical part of the study is based on the results of the survey conducted Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Sweden within the Nordplus project ‘Dealing with anxiety during a pandemic to enhance adult well-being’ on the impact of Covid-19, as well as the training that would be necessary for the managers of companies or organizations to promote emotional wellbeing in the workplace. The comparative study was conducted from the perspective of both employees and managers. The results show that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on workplace and the well-being of employees was not strong for the respondents, depending mainly on the job position, the size of the organization and country. Managers and employees consider various psychological trainings essential.
Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence in the Global Healthcare Sector: Trends, Perspectives and Future Developments
Authors:   Department of data Science, University of the West of England, UK, Adeyemi, Deborah A.  , Akintunwa Fred , Longe Bankole-Philips , Omotosho Seyi , Longe Olumide B.
Published: February 2024

This research paper examines the ethical implications of AI in healthcare, covering the benefits and risks of using AI in healthcare services and provision. The paper highlights the applications of AI in healthcare, which can improve efficiency and accuracy of providing healthcare services by health professionals. The benefits of AI cover reducing the need for human intervention and increasing productivity through automation, delivering personalised experiences by recommendations, assisting with informed decision-making by providing real-time data analysis and insights, predicting outcomes or identifying potential threats, improving healthcare and overall customer satisfaction. The paper highlights the ethical implications of the use of AI in healthcare, including privacy and security, bias and discrimination, transparency and explainability, responsibility and accountability, informed consent and human interaction and empathy. The paper recommends that as AI becomes more prevalent in healthcare, establishing clear guidelines for responsible use, and maintaining the importance of human interaction and empathy in patient care, enhances healthcare outcomes while safeguarding patient rights and welfare. Continued research and development of the ethical implications of AI in healthcare for low-income countries as further work can promote the ethical use of AI in healthcare worldwide. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Ethics, Ethical Implication, Healthcare, Privacy Journal Reference Format: Adeyemi, Deborah A., Amedior, Nutifafa Cudjoe, Longe Bankole-Philips, Akintunwa Fred, 5Omotosho Seyi & Longe, Olumide B. (2023): Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence in the Global Healthcare Sector: Trends, Perspectives and Future Developments. Social Informatics, Business, Politics, L:aw, Environmental Sciences & Technology Journal. Vol. 9, No. 3. Pp 41-53 www.isteams/socialinformaticsjournal. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/SIJ/V9N3P3
The Effect of Various Concentrations of Both Lime Juice and Synthetic Citric Acid Solutions to Protect Capsicum frutescens L. against Yellow Leaf Curl Disease
Authors: Wagiman Rejo , Agus Yohanes Hendro , Simanjuntak Bistok Hasiholan
Published: February 2024

The yellow leaf curl (YLC) disease is one of plant disease generally found in chili pepper. The aim of the research was to know various concentrations of lime juice and synthetic citric acids to protect chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) against YLC disease. The research used a randomized completely block design using seven treatments and three replications. The treatments tested were spraying lime juice of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% volume per volume (v/v); citric acid solution of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3 % weight per volume (w/v). Control was used water only. The data result were analyzed using the honestly significant different test at the 95% confidence level. The treatment of both lime juice and citric acid solutions 0.2% and 0.3% could decreased whitefly population on chili pepper compared with control. The lime juice and citric acid solutions 0.3% was able to reduce the incidence and intensity of YLC disease. Lime juice and citric acid solution of 0.2% and 0.3% increased fruit numbers and fruit weights compared with control. The lower whitefly population decreased disease incidence of YLC (with regression Y = 5.7505x – 48.029). Intensity of YLC disease decreased fruit numbers and fruit weight (correlation value of -0.949 and -0.912). Keywords:  Citric acid, Chili pepper, Gemini virus diseases, Whitefly.
COPE Flowcharts and infographics – Handling of postpublication critiques – English
Authors: COPE Council
Published: February 2024

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Research Data Publishing Ethics Working Group flowchart: Concerns about legal and regulatory restrictions
Authors: FORCE11 COPE
Published: February 2024

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Paper Mills – Research report from COPE & STM
Authors: COPE STM
Published: February 2024

Version 1: June 2022
Supplemental guidance: Addressing concerns about systematic manipulation of the publication process
Authors: COPE Council
Published: February 2024

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Comparison of lipid alterations in astrocytomas with increasing grade
Authors: Pekov SI , Bocharov KV , Bormotov DS , Eliferov VA , Parochkina EV , Sorokin AA , Nikolaev EN , Popov IA
Published: February 2024

The use of ambient ionization mass spectrometry methods is one of the promising approaches to the impovement of glial tumor resection completeness by using an additional method to improve the tumor margin identification accuracy during the neurosurgical intervention itself. The amounts of data accumulated when testing such techniques can be also used in fundamental research to identify metabolic alterations associated with the tumor growth. The study was aimed to assess changes in the cell membrane lipid composition of diffuse and anaplastic astrocytomas based on the data acquired by ambient ionization mass spectrometry profiling of the tissues excised during the elective neurosurgical intervention. The lipid profiles obtained when assessing the tumor tissue samples (n = 43) by flow microextraction in a cartridge were subjected to shrinkage linear discriminant analysis enabling extraction of a number of lipids, the levels of which changed with increasing tumor grade. The lipid diversity decreased with increasing grade. Thus, the levels of 13 phospholipids belonging to six different subclasses turned out to be decreased in anaplastic tumors compared to diffuse ones. Both average size of the polar lipid fatty acid residues and their degree of unsaturation decrease with increasing tumor grade. The findings agree well with the data of the earlier study of high-grade glial tumors and confirm the biochemical view of metabolic reprogramming associated with malignant transformation of neuroglia.
DOM HELDER CAMARA E OS MOVIMENTOS DEFENSORES DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS (1968-1977)
Authors: Silva Rosildo Henrique
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho vem analisar as ações de dom Helder como denunciador das violações dos direitos humanos no período da ditadura civil-militar e também evidenciar os seus movimentos de transformação das estruturas sociais, focado no amor, justiça e paz, são eles: a Ação, Justiça e Paz-AJP, as Minorias Abraâmicas e a Comissão de Justiça e Paz-CJP. Esses Movimentos são de suma importância na atualidade para refletir sobre Minorias que pensam em transformar os pensamentos discriminatórias.  O objetivo é averiguar a trajetória de Helder Camara em favor de um mundo de justiça e paz sem discriminação e prioritariamente transmitindo respeito à pessoa humana. A pesquisa é qualitativa baseada nas Cartas Circulares e nos discursos de Helder Camara. Portanto, dom Helder é declarado como patrono brasileiro dos direitos humanos onde lutou contra todas as formas de desrespeito ao ser humano.
IMPASSES QUE ACOMETEM A POPULAÇÃO LGBTQI+ NO ACESSO À POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Nicacio de Melo Vanda , Dos Santos Couto Ramos Thayana , Augusto Rivas dos Santos Diego
Published: February 2024

Neste artigo são analisados os impasses do acesso às políticas públicas de saúde voltadas à população LGBTQI+, a partir de análise de artigos que referenciem essas questões. Embora ainda não sejam plenamente estruturadas para que este determinado grupo tenha o pleno acesso, segundo os princípios de universalidade, integralidade e equidade do Sistema Único de Saúde, faz-se necessária a discussão mais ampla e avaliação dos principais motivos que dificultam a integração na saúde. Frente a este contexto de exclusão, a falta de acesso não somente implica na baixa qualidade de vida, mas também no grande índice de suicídios dos LGBTQI+, em virtude da sua não aceitação pela família e sociedade, assim também como a fragilização dos serviços de saúde para atender a esta população. Essas discussões impactam na falta de implementação de políticas públicas eficientes para modificar o quadro negativo e insatisfatório que implicam no tratamento igualitário para eles. Precisa-se não somente debater sobre isso, mas também incentivar e fazer com que os profissionais de saúde e as gestões competentes consigam entender que há uma diversidade sexual e de gênero que necessitam ser respeitadas e acolhidas dentro das Unidades de saúde. Tais ações necessitam de maior responsabilização dos órgãos públicos e da sociedade com o desígnio de minimizar ou erradicar o preconceito a discriminação e a violação de direitos humanos que possui percentual bastante elevado a esta população.
DEFENSORIA PÚBLICA COMO POLÍTICA PÚBLICA DE COMBATE E ERRADICAÇÃO DO RACISMO ESTRUTURAL
Authors: QUINTÃO FERNANDES LEONARDO
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo tem como proposta discutir as sucessivas transformações por quais passara a Defensoria Pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, que a elevaram a instituição de defesa de direitos humanos e proteção de pessoas em situação de vulnerabilidade, a partir de uma perspectiva de interseccionalidade - classe, gênero e raça, ampliando o público usuário de seus serviços, inicialmente, pessoas necessitadas ou miseráveis economicamente. Buscamos a partir da análise bibliográfica sobre a temática fazer uma reflexão sobre se, efetivamente, a Defensoria Pública seria uma política pública e se dentre as suas atribuições legais e constitucionais estaria abrangido o combate ao racismo estrutural existente em nosso país.
ABORTO LEGAL NO BRASIL
Authors: DELFINO SANTOS CORGOZINHO KAMILA
Published: February 2024

O presente estudo apresenta as legislações referentes ao aborto legal de países da América Latina, tendo como foco o caso brasileiro. Para tanto, foi realizado estudo bibliográfico de autores pertinentes ao tema, bem como documentos e legislações. O debate sobre o aborto no Brasil foi retomado nos anos 2000, ganhando destaque com diferentes pontos de vista e bandeiras de lutas. A crescente onda de debates, nos quais prevalecem os discursos religiosos e morais que atuam na perspectiva contrária ao aborto, inviabiliza o entendimento sobre a autonomia da mulher de decidir as questões do seu próprio corpo, inclusive de não prosseguir com uma gravidez não desejada. Por mais que parlamentares a favor da legalização do aborto incluam em suas pautas a ampliação desse direito, ainda encontram barreiras para uma mobilização mais consistente junto a outros legisladores.
INCIDÊNCIA DA HIPERTENSÃO E DIABETES MELLITUS JUNTO A POPULAÇÃO IDOSA E O PAPEL DA POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE DIANTE DA REALIDADE BRASILEIRA
Authors: Nicacio de Melo Vanda , Carvalho Chaves Anderson , Rodrigues Gaspar Elaine
Published: February 2024

Diante do fator envelhecimento mostra-se a relevância deste tema, apresentando o processo e conquistas dos direitos dos idosos e os desafios frente a sua efetivação, contudo, esses direitos conquistados estão em risco com os desmontes das política públicas, tendo na atualidade o novo modelo capitalista que busca o lucro, mediante a reestruturação produtiva e globalizada, através da flexibilização e da privatização, desencadeando a perca dos direitos sociais, causando o desemprego, a precarização do trabalho e da saúde, tais fatores influenciam diretamente na saúde dos idosos, desencadeando diversas doenças crônicas, entre elas a hipertensão e diabetes mellitus.  A presente pesquisa objetivou revisar a literatura sobre os direitos do idoso com diagnostico de HAS e DM e as políticas públicas de saúde na atualidade. Tratou-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de característica exploratória e descritiva, de cunho qualitativo, com base de pesquisa a partir de fontes impressas e eletrônicas. Também foi utilizada a plataforma online Google Acadêmico. Resultados: Os resultados foram expostos a partir da construção de reflexões sobre a Incidência da  ipertensão e diabetes mellitus junto a população idosa e a política de saúde diante da  ealidade brasileira, com destaque na política de saúde e no envelhecimento, ligado ao contexto político que transcorrem no desenvolvimento da saúde no Brasil. Estratégias que visam apoiar as políticas públicas na área da saúde são fundamentais para uma mudança no contexto social diante da complexidade do tema abordado. Foi possível identificar a importância da informação e educação em saúde. Orientar os indivíduos através de políticas de promoção de saúde, para que sejam capazes de conhecer a doença, a fim de que cooperando com as medidas de autocuidado e com a prevenção, sejam evitados o surgimento de complicações associadas as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis se tornam uma ação imprescindível.
MONOPARENTALIDADE FEMININA E SUAS REPERCUSSÕES NO TRATAMENTO ONCOLÓGICO PEDIÁTRICO EM TEMPOS DA COVID-19
Authors: Marques Lomiento Nayara , Da Silva Alcantara Luciana
Published: February 2024

O estudo ora apresentado teve por escopo analisar os principais dilemas e desdobramentos enfrentados por famílias monoparentais chefiadas por mulheres, no âmbito do tratamento da Oncologia Pediátrica no Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA) — sobretudo, considerando o atual contexto da pandemia do coronavírus —, bem como os desafios dirigidos ao trabalho do Serviço Social nesse panorama. Dessa maneira, tivemos como objetivos deste estudo: problematizar, à luz da bibliografia, o debate contemporâneo acerca da feminização da pobreza, do cuidado e o familismo nas Políticas Públicas, bem como suas repercussões no processo de adesão ao tratamento oncológico pediátrico; averiguar, a partir do depoimento das genitoras (e chefes de família), os principais desafios à adesão ao tratamento; avaliar as demandas dirigidas ao Serviço Social em decorrência do referido panorama; e contribuir para a formulação de estratégias de intervenção multidisciplinar que levem em consideração o perfil das famílias atendidas. Destarte, o estudo aqui proposto trata-se de uma pesquisa científica realizada com base em pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, na aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas e na metodologia de análise de conteúdo. Por meio dele, foi possível constatar o recrudescimento do empobrecimento das famílias analisadas, tanto em virtude das repercussões da pandemia, como do adoecimento por câncer dos usuários; os fortes obstáculos para o acesso aos seus direitos sociais, figurando os recursos provindos do Terceiro Setor, contraditoriamente, — em um cenário avassalador de retração/desmantelamento das Políticas Públicas — como um sucedâneo fundamental à adesão e continuidade do tratamento oncológico pediátrico.
ANÁLISE DAS TIPOLOGIAS DE VIOLÊNCIA
Authors: Santos Rocha Marleide , Araujo da Fonseca Tatiana Maria
Published: February 2024

A Proteção Social Especial – PSE de Média Complexidade organiza a oferta de serviços, programas e projetos de caráter especializado que requerem maior estruturação técnica e operativa, com competências e atribuições definidas, destinados ao atendimento a famílias e indivíduos em situação de risco pessoal e social, por violação de direitos.

A Assistência Social busca o enfrentamento da violência como um componente de proteção e bem estar social.
Tindakan endodontik sustainable dengan perawatan saluran akar satu kali kunjungan pada gigi molar kedua kanan bawah: Laporan kasus
Authors: Kesuma Alex , Prisinda Diani
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Perawatan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang optimal terkait dengan sustainability (pelestarian lingkungan) dalam kedokteran gigi bertujuan untuk mencapai praktik kedokteran gigi yang berkualitas dengan dampak negatif yang minimal terhadap lingkungan. Dalam dunia endodontik, salah satu upaya sederhana yang dapat dilakukan oleh dokter gigi saat melakukan perawatan saluran akar adalah dengan menyelesaikan perawatan dalam satu kali kunjungan jika memenuhi indikasi secara klinis dan memungkinkan secara teknis, sehingga dapat mengurangi penggunaan peralatan maupun bahan kedokteran gigi serta jumlah kunjungan pasien. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan tindakan perawatan saluran akar satu kali kunjungan pada gigi molar kedua kanan mandibula sebagai salah satu wujud tindakan sustainable dalam bidang endodontik. Laporan kasus: Seorang pasien perempuan berusia 22 tahun datang ke poliklinik konservasi gigi RSGM UNPAD Bandung untuk memperoleh perawatan terhadap keluhan gigi berlubang pada geraham kedua kanan bawahnya dengan riwayat nyeri spontan dan berdenyut yang berlangsung selama beberapa waktu. Pasien mengkonsumsi analgesik untuk meredakan gejalanya sementara waktu. Hasil pemeriksaan objektif menunjukkan karies profunda pada disto-oklusal gigi 47 dengan uji sensibilitas positif, disertai uji perkusi, gigitan, palpasi, dan kegoyangan dalam batas normal. Diagnosis yang ditegakkan adalah pulpitis ireversibel simptomatik dan jaringan apikal normal pada gigi 47. Rencana perawatan adalah berupa perawatan saluran akar satu kali kunjungan dilanjutkan dengan restorasi intermediate komposit direk, kemudian pasien direncanakan untuk dirujuk ke bagian prosthodontik untuk dibuatkan protesa cekat. Simpulan: Salah satu upaya tindakan sustainable dalam bidang endodontik dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan perawatan saluran akar satu kali kunjungan dan pada laporan kasus ini memperlihatkan tingkat keberhasilan perawatan yang tinggi.
Subcutaneous administration of ceftazidime at 20 and 40 mg/kg produces theoretically therapeutic plasma concentrations for at least 120 hours in red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans)
Authors: Hiebert Kara , Cox Sherry , Hawkins Shawna
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of SC ceftazidime administered at 20 and 40 mg/kg to red-eared sliders.

ANIMALS

8 adult red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans).

METHODS

In a sequential, 2-period study with a 3-week washout period between treatments, ceftazidime was administered SC to turtles at 20 and 40 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected from the subcarapacial sinus at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours after ceftazidime administration. Plasma ceftazidime concentrations were quantified using reversed-phase HPLC.

RESULTS

Mean plasma half-life after 20- and 40-mg/kg dosing was 39.75 ± 8.0 hours and 33.03 ± 6.56 hours, respectively. Mean maximum plasma concentration after 20- and 40-mg/kg dosing was 71.0 ± 15.93 µg/mL and 120.0 ± 30.62 µg/mL, respectively. Mean plasma ceftazidime concentrations remained ≥ 8 µg/mL, the theoretical MIC for various reptile pathogens for all time points.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicate that ceftazidime dosed at either 20 or 40 mg/kg produces plasma concentrations exceeding the theoretical MIC of various reptile pathogens for at least 120 hours. An ideal dosing interval could not be determined, as all plasma concentrations remained above the threshold of interest for all time points. Follow-up studies should focus on establishing a dosing interval and more rigorous monitoring for potential adverse effects.
Propolis (Bee Glue): A Promising Natural Feed Additive for Poultry and Rabbits – A Review
Authors: Abd El-Ghany Wafaa A.
Published: February 2024

The concerns about the possible adverse effects of synthetic feed additives in livestock production world-wide has led producers to search for alternative natural feed additives. Propolis (bee glue) is a mixture of natural viscous substances that are collected by honeybees from plants. This natural product consists of about 200–300 compounds with high biological and pharmacological properties. Propolis induces an improvement in growth parameters, feed utilization, and meat quality. It also exerts antioxidant, anti-stress, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory as well as immuno-modulatory and hepatic and cardiac protective effects. The presence of a huge amount of polyphenols such as flavonoids, phenolic acid esters, triterpenes, aromatic acids, diterpenic acids, and lignans are responsible for the biological properties of propolis. Therefore, propolis shows potential promising effects when applied in livestock and poultry production system. Accordingly, this review article is aimed to highlight the influences of propolis on the general health conditions of poultry and rabbits regarding the performance parameters and carcass characteristics, as well as the antioxidant, anti-stress, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and the immuno-potentiation potentials.
Effect of Vitamin D3 on Uterine Morphology and Insulin Signaling in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Rat Model
Authors: Kamińska Kinga , Tchurzyk Marcelina , Fraczek Olga , Szlaga Agata , Sambak Patryk , Tott Szymon , Małek Kamilla , Knapczyk-Stwora Katarzyna , Błasiak Anna , Rak Agnieszka , Grzesiak Małgorzata
Published: February 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age leading to infertility. Besides reproductive and hormonal disturbances, PCOS is often characterized by vitamin D3 (VD) deficiency. This study aimed to determine the effect of VD on uterine histoarchitecture, the biochemical composition of gland secretions, and the insulin signal transduction pathway using a PCOS rat model. The experiment was conducted on four animal groups (n=8/group): control (C), VD supplemented (VD; 500 IU/day), letrozole-treated (PCOS; 1 mg/kg body weight), and VD-treated PCOS (PCOS+VD) group. Herein, VD supplementation did not improve histomorphometric parameters in the PCOS uterus, whereas clearly influenced sugar composition in uterine gland secretions, restoring their content to that observed in the C group. Furthermore, we found that VD can reduce peripheral and local uterine insulin resistance developed in the PCOS rats via activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway and subsequent glucose metabolism in the uterus. To sum up, the present results suggest a possible beneficial role of VD supplementation for the maintenance of uterus functions in PCOS rats.
Cooperative Power Domain Noma Transmission Using Relays
Authors: Ligwa Mario , Balyan Vipin
Published: February 2024

The non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) multiple access technique, due to its non-orthogonality and providing access to users together, which have the same frequency and time resource, made it a front runner to meet the need of high traffic requirements networks. In this paper, a downlink, NOMA, and cooperative NOMA (CNOMA) are compared with varying different parameters: source transmit power, user transmit power, and power allocation for achievable sum rates. Simulation results show that the CNOMA achieves a higher sum rate as compared to NOMA for all the parameters.
Vårdnadshavares uppfattningar av delaktighet i förskolan
Authors: Öhman Charlotte , Hugo Martin , Augustine Lilly
Published: February 2024

Participation is an important factor for preschool quality and with participation comes both possibilities and challenges. The aim is to explore guardians’ perceptions of participation in Swedish preschool using Buber’s understanding of dialogue in interpersonal meetings. The research questions are: How do guardians describe participation in preschool? How do guardians perceive their participation in preschool teaching? Conducting interviews with 20 guardians resulted in the emergence of four themes. The results show that guardians have different perceptions about what participation implies. They describe that they want to be participating but settle with being informed. Guardians find it optional to participate in the decision-making concerning teaching. A conclusion is that preschool teachers need to be in dialogue with guardians about how participation can be understood in their specific context. Another conclusion is that competence regarding the importance of continuous dialogues needs to be addressed towards preschool teachers to promote guardians’ participation in teaching.
Current Situation of Dam Lakes on Kızılırmak River in Türkiye with Fisheries Production Rights Leased
Authors: Dirican Seher
Published: February 2024

The increase in the diversity of needs arising from population growth, technological development and globalization causes more use of limited natural resources and brings with it consequences such as wear and pollution of resources. This study focused on the dam lakes on the Kızılırmak River in Türkiye, whose fisheries production rights were leased. There are İmranlı, Yamula, Bayramhacılı, Hirfanlı, Obruk, Boyabat and Derbent dam lakes on which the right to produce fishery products are leased on Kızılırmak, which is the longest river within the borders of Türkiye. Among these, the most rented region is in the Hirfanlı Dam Lake. Sustainability of fisheries in these dam lakes on Kızılırmak River is important in terms of meeting healthy protein demand and socio-economic development. Fishing, which has commercial value in these dam lakes, provides both employment and significant economic contribution to the people of the province and district where they are located. In order to benefit from this potential in a healthy way, it has been concluded that it is very important to operate these dam lakes in a balance of protection and use. However, it is necessary to increase the incentives and support of fishermen especially in these fishing regions.
Effect of Seedling Density on Growth Characteristics of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) cv. kf-65 in Nursery
Authors: Thapa Bikesh , Katwal Dharmaraj
Published: February 2024

Crop yield is largely influenced by the seedling quality and establishment. Seedling density is an important factor that plays a vital role in producing quality seedlings. Seedling growth characteristics of cabbage cv. kf-65 was evaluated at four inter row and intra row spacing: 0.5cm×1.0cm, 1.0cm×1.0cm, 1.5cm×1.5cm, and 2.0cm×2.0cm in the field of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung Campus during September-October, 2018. Seed germination was 96% under a partially controlled germinator in the lab whereas mean germination in the field was found to be 62%. Treatments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with five replications. Data was collected after 23 days using the destructive sampling method. Plant height, leaf number, leaf area, fresh shoot and root weight and % dry matter was recorded from five samples from each replication of every treatment. Plant population had a significant effect on plant leaf area, fresh shoot and root weight and % dry weight. The 2.0cm×2.0cm spacing had significantly higher leaf area (25.3cm2), fresh shoot (1.33g) and root weight (0.06g). Dry weight % (23%) was significantly higher for 1.5cm×1.5cm spacing. The result indicates that wider spacing (≥ 2cm) was found to be favourable to obtaining robust and quality seedlings.