bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo do efeito da inundação na variação de volume, na resistência de ponta e no módulo de elasticidade de um solo colapsível do Semiárido de Pernambuco
Authors: Borges Jesce John da Silva , Torres Moacy Silva , Veríssimo Klayde Janny da Silva , Freitas Marta Lúcia de Almeida Almendra , Ferreira Silvio Romero de Melo
Published: December 2016

RESUMO Solos colapsíveis apresentam comportamento hidromecânico diferenciado quando inundados. O artigo analisa a variação de volume, da resistência de ponta e do módulo de elasticidade de um solo colapsível de Petrolina-PE devido à inundação. O programa de investigação geotécnica desenvolvido em campo abrangeu: sondagens de simples reconhecimento; coleta de amostras indeformadas e deformadas; ensaios com penetrômetros estático e dinâmico DPL (Dynamic Petermeter Light); ensaios com o Light Weight Deflectometer - LWD e ensaios de colapsibilidade com o Expansocolapsômetro no solo natural e inundado. Em laboratório, foram realizados ensaios para a caracterização física, química, microestrutural e ensaios edométricos simples e duplos para avaliar a colapsibilidade do solo devido à inundação. Através dos estudos verificou-se que o solo é arenoso, verdadeiramente colapsível, tem uma estrutura com poros do tipo de empacotamento simples e apresenta colapso máximo na tensão de 160 kPa, obtido através do ensaio edométrico duplo. O colapso obtido em campo foi menor do que o obtido em laboratório e o tempo para ocorrer o colapso foi maior em campo. O módulo de elasticidade varia de 46,3 a 79,2 MPa e a inundação causa uma redução de 88% desses valores. A partir dos módulos de elasticidade obtidos com LWD estabeleceu-se um critério de suscetibilidade para solos colapsíveis por meio do coeficiente KLWD, sendo: alto para KLWD > 4,20, baixo para KLWD < 2,80 e médio para KLWD entre 2,80 e 4,20. Há boas correlações entre as deflexões obtidas com o LWD e os deslocamentos por golpes obtidos com o DPL, observando-se que quando a deflexão é baixa, o índice de penetração é baixo, demonstrando maior rigidez do solo.
Resistência da madeira ao cisalhamento paralelo às fibras segundo as normas ABNT NBR 7190:1997 e ISO 13910:2005
Authors: Matos Gabriela da Silva , Molina Julio Cesar
Published: December 2016

RESUMO O conhecimento das propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira é essencial para o seu correto destino e uso final. Para uso estrutural, as normas técnicas estabelecem metodologias de ensaios para a determinação das propriedades mecânicas. No Brasil a norma para estruturas de madeira [1] atualmente encontra-se em processo de revisão. Uma das propostas da versão de revisão é a alteração de alguns procedimentos de ensaios usados na determinação das propriedades mecânicas da madeira. Tem-se observado que vários modelos de corpos de prova também vêm sendo testados pela comissão de estudos CE - 02:126.10 da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas para determinação de um modelo mais representativo para os ensaios. Dentro deste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a resistência ao cisalhamento através da atual norma brasileira [1] e também a partir da norma europeia [2]. Foram também avaliadas as relações simplificadas entre as resistências ao cisalhamento e à compressão paralela as fibras (fv0,k/fc0,k) propostas pela norma brasileira [1] para coníferas e dicotiledôneas. Foram consideradas neste estudo madeiras de Pinus elliottii e Eucalyptus saligna. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a norma brasileira apresentou valores maiores para a resistência de cisalhamento com relação à norma europeia. Para as madeiras de eucalipto e pinus estudadas, as diferenças entre as resistências de cisalhamento foram, respectivamente, 35% e 65%, neste caso, e a relação simplificada (fv0,k/fc0,k) obtida para o eucalipto foi a que mais se aproximou dos valores normatizados pela norma brasileira [1].
Síntese, caracterização e performance catalítica de nanoferritas mistas submetidas a reação de transesterificação e esterificação via rota metílica e etílica para biodiesel
Authors: Dantas Joelda , Leal Elvia , Mapossa Antônio Benjamim , Silva Adriano Sant'Ana , Costa Ana Cristina Figueiredo de Melo
Published: December 2016

RESUMO As nanoferritas mistas de Ni0,5Zn0,5Fe2O4 e Ni0,2Cu0,3Zn0,5Fe2O4 foram sintetizadas por reação de combustão usando ureia como combustível e um reator cônico como fonte de aquecimento para produção em bateladas de 10 g, e então, testadas como nanocatalisadores heterogêneos nas reações de transesterificação e esterificação metílica e etílica do óleo de soja para produção de biodiesel. Durante as sínteses foram registrados o tempo e a temperatura das reações, bem como observadas a liberação de gases e a cor das chamas emitidas. As amostras foram caracterizadas por DRX, EDX, FTIR, MEV/EDS, BET e cromatografia gasosa. Os testes reacionais foram executados para 10 g do óleo em duração de 1 h, razão molar 1:12 óleo:álcool, 2 % (m/m) de catalisador e conduzidas a 180 ºC. Os difratogramas de DRX e os espectros de FTIR revelaram presença da fase espinélio inverso tipo B(AB)2O4. A morfologia apresentou a formação de aglomerados de aspecto frágil e elevada área de superfície. As análises cromatográficas produziram excelentes resultados nas reações de esterificação para ambas amostras nas condições testadas, com destaque especial para Ni0,5Zn0,5Fe2O4, cujas conversões foram de 91,4 % em ésteres metílicos e de 77,8 % em ésteres etílicos, enquanto que a amostra Ni0,2Cu0,3Zn0,5Fe2O4 apresentou conversões de 75,1 e 65,1 %, respectivamente. As conversões na transesterificação metílica e etílica foram de 14 e 2 % para Ni0,5Zn0,5Fe2O4 e de 11 e 3 % para Ni0,2Cu0,3Zn0,5Fe2O4.
Durabilidade de argamassas com adição de metacaulim para reforço de alvenaria
Authors: Mota João Manoel Freitas , Oliveira Romilde Almeida de , Carneiro Arnaldo Manuel Pereira
Published: December 2016

RESUMO Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar a contribuição da pozolana na durabilidade de argamassas armadas com adição de metacaulim utilizadas para reforço de alvenaria resistente. Sabe-se que, a partir da década de 1960, cerca de 6.000 edifícios foram erguidos com alvenaria de vedação tendo função estrutural na Região Metropolitana do Recife. Essas edificações populares são conhecidas como "prédio caixão" por ter formato de caixa devido ao posicionamento dos apartamentos nos quatro pavimentos, bem como mostram elevados índices de patologias e até acidentes com vítimas fatais. Em que pese o colapso das alvenarias de embasamento ser a causa principal, as alvenarias de elevação da superestrutura não apresentam fundamentação acerca da estabilidade, particularmente pelos blocos serem de vedação, o que conduz à insuficiência de suporte das cargas atuantes e ruptura brusca. Então, buscou-se estabelecer critérios para reforço com argamassa armada dentro da matriz que atendesse três condições imprescindíveis: (i) capacidade de suporte; (ii) ductilidade e (iii) durabilidade. Neste trabalho, são apresentadas conclusões sobre durabilidade, onde o arranjo experimental englobou a especificação de dois traços [(1:1:6:1,5 e 1:0,5:4,5:1,5) - cimento, cal, areia e relação água/cimento], com dois teores de adição (8% e 15%), sendo duas formas de adição (por substituição de parte de cimento e por adição pura). Foram realizados ensaios de resistência à compressão, módulo de elasticidade, velocidade de propagação da onda ultrassônica, absorção de água por imersão e métodos acelerados de envelhecimento para avaliação de desempenho frente à carbonatação e cloretos, em corpos de prova de argamassas. Os resultados indicam que o metacaulim pode mitigar substancialmente a ação de agentes deletérios, especialmente nas amostras com adição pura de 15% e traço forte (1:0,5,4,5,1,5).
Revista de Saúde Pública: 50 years disseminating the knowledge in nutrition
Authors: Sichieri Rosely , Pereira Rosangela A
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT This work describes and comments on articles in the area of Public Health Nutrition published in Revista de Saúde Pública (RSP – Public Health Journal) from 1967 to 2016. We searched in the PubMed database restricted to the periodical “Revista de Saúde Pública” and using terms related to key topics in the area of Public Health Nutrition. We retrieved 742 articles and, after exclusion of duplicates and articles unrelated to the subject, we analyzed 441 articles, grouped according to subject: dental caries, anemia, hypovitaminosis A, macro/micronutrients, malnutrition, nutritional assessment, overweight/obesity, food consumption, low birthweight, and breastfeeding. We observed significant increase in the number of articles published and diversification of subjects addressed over the 50 years, representing the consistent development of the scientific field of Nutrition in Brazil. Since its inception, RSP has played an important role in the dissemination of knowledge about the main nutritional issues in Brazil.
Contribution of Oswaldo Paulo Forattini to public health: analysis of scientific production
Authors: Reis Juliana Gonçalves , Kobayashi Keilla Miki , Ueno Helene Mariko , Ribeiro Cristiane Martins , Cardoso Telma Abdalla de Oliveira
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the main characteristics of the scientific production of Oswaldo Paulo Forattini, researcher and, for 40 years, editor of Revista de Saúde Pública. METHODS Descriptive study with bibliometric approach conducted in three steps. (1) identification of bibliographic records using the following search strategy: “Oswaldo Paulo Forattini” OR “Forattini OP” OR “Forattini” up information sources Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PubMed, in July 2016, which retrieved 867 records. (2) composition of research corpus, in which we included 351 bibliographic records of articles, books, book chapters, editorials, book reviews, informative notes and annual reports of the RSP and excluded 516 duplicates and acknowledgement notes, obituary notes, and nonretrievable citations. (3) data organization and analysis, in which we built databases for descriptive analysis and development of the MeSH coauthors and terms networks in VOSviewer software. For analysis of editorials, three reviewers read the full text of each editorial and categorized them according to subject, historical context and perspectives, relating them with historical milestones. RESULTS Forattini’s scientific production occurred from 1946 to 2009, most consisting of articles (n = 218; 62.1%), editorials (n = 43; 12.3%), and books (n = 13; 3.7%). The main subjects were Culicidae (36.8%), Triatominae (12.5%), and Epidemiology (10.0%). The coauthors of articles were his professors, colleagues of his generation, and graduate students. His editorials addressed critical reflections on the production of knowledge, research priorities, and factors that contributed to or hindered progress. The scope of subjects is broad, referring to socioeconomic and scientific development, public health issues in developed countries, or global health. CONCLUSIONS The analysis shows Forattini’s commitment with public health, research with vectors, training of researchers, and scientific communication.
Association between diabetes and tuberculosis: case-control study
Authors: Pereira Susan Martins , Araújo Gleide Santos de , Santos Carlos Antônio de Souza Teles , Oliveira Maeli Gomes de , Barreto Maurício Lima
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To test the association between diabetes and tuberculosis. METHODS It is a case-control study, matched by age and sex. We included 323 new cases of tuberculosis with positive results for bacilloscopy. The controls were 323 respiratory symptomatic patients with negative bacilloscopy, from the same health services, such as: ambulatory cases from three referral hospitals and six basic health units responsible for the notifications of new cases of tuberculosis in Salvador, Bahia. Data collection occurred between 2008 and 2010. The instruments used were structured interview, including clinical data, capillary blood glucose (during fasting or postprandial), and the CAGE questionnaire for screening of abusive consumption of alcohol. Descriptive, exploratory, and multivariate analysis was performed using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS The average age of the cases was 38.5 (SD = 14.2) years and of the controls, 38.5 (SD = 14.3) years. Among cases and controls, most subjects (61%) were male. In univariate analysis we found association between the occurrence of diabetes and tuberculosis (OR = 2.37; 95%CI 1.04–5.42), which remained statistically significant after adjustment for potential confounders (OR = 3.12; 95%CI 1.12–7.94). CONCLUSIONS The association between diabetes and tuberculosis can hinder the control of tuberculosis, contributing to the maintainance of the disease burden. The situation demands increasing early detection of diabetes among people with tuberculosis, in an attempt to improve disease control strategies.
Socioeconomic, hygienic, and sanitation factors in reducing diarrhea in the Amazon
Authors: Imada Katiuscia Shirota , Araújo Thiago Santos de , Muniz Pascoal Torres , Pádua Valter Lúcio de
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the contributions of the socioeconomic, hygienic, and sanitation improvements in reducing the prevalence of diarrhea in a city of the Amazon. METHODS In this population-based cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from surveys conducted in the city of Jordão, Acre. In 2005 and 2012, these surveys evaluated, respectively, 466 and 826 children under five years old. Questionnaires were applied on the socioeconomic conditions, construction of houses, food and hygienic habits, and environmental sanitation. We applied Pearson’s Chi-squared test and Poisson regression to verify the relationship between origin of water, construction of homes, age of introduction of cow’s milk in the diet, place of birth and the prevalence of diarrhea. RESULTS The prevalence of diarrhea was reduced from 45.1% to 35.4%. We identified higher probability of diarrhea in children who did not use water from the public network, in those receiving cow’s milk in the first month after birth, and in those living in houses made of paxiúba. Children born at home presented lower risk of diarrhea when compared to those who were born in hospital, with this difference reversing for the 2012 survey. CONCLUSIONS Sanitation conditions improved with the increase of bathrooms with toilets, implementation of the Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF – Family Health Program), and water treatment in the city. The multivariate regression model identified a statistically significant association between use of water from the public network, construction of houses, late introduction of cow’s milk, and access to health service with occurrence of diarrhea.
Primary Health Care: care coordinator in regionalized networks?
Authors: Almeida Patty Fidelis de , Santos Adriano Maia dos
Published: December 2016

RESUMO OBJECTIVE To analyze the breadth of care coordination by Primary Health Care in three health regions. METHODS This is a quantitative and qualitative case study. Thirty-one semi-structured interviews with municipal, regional and state managers were carried out, besides a cross-sectional survey with the administration of questionnaires to physicians (74), nurses (127), and a representative sample of users (1,590) of Estratégia Saúde da Família (Family Health Strategy) in three municipal centers of health regions in the state of Bahia. RESULTS Primary Health Care as first contact of preference faced strong competition from hospital outpatient and emergency services outside the network. Issues related to access to and provision of specialized care were aggravated by dependence on the private sector in the regions, despite progress observed in institutionalizing flows starting out from Primary Health Care. The counter-referral system was deficient and interprofessional communication was scarce, especially concerning services provided by the contracted network. CONCLUSIONS Coordination capacity is affected both by the fragmentation of the regional network and intrinsic problems in Primary Health Care, which poorly supported in its essential attributes. Although the health regions have common problems, Primary Health Care remains a subject confined to municipal boundaries.
Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 (IVCF-20): rapid recognition of frail older adults
Authors: Moraes Edgar Nunes de , Carmo Juliana Alves do , Moraes Flávia Lanna de , Azevedo Raquel Souza , Machado Carla Jorge , Montilla Dalia Elena Romero
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the adequacy of the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20, a rapid triage instrument to test vulnerability in Brazilian older adults, for the use in primary health care. METHODS The study included convenience sample of 397 patients aged older than or equal to 60 years attended at Centro de Referência para o Idoso (Reference Center for Older Adults) and of 52 older adults the same age attended at the community. The results of the questionnaire, consisting of 20 questions, were compared with those of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment, considered a reference for identifying frail older adults. Spearman’s correlation was evaluated in the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 with the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment; the validity was verified by the area under the ROC curve; reliability was estimated by the percentage of agreement among evaluators and by the kappa coefficient, both with quadratic weighted. The cut-off point was obtained based on the higher accuracy criterion. Cronbach’s alpha, a measure of internal consistency, was estimated. RESULTS The Spearman’s correlation coefficient was high and positive for both groups (0.792 for older adults attended at the Reference Center and 0.305 for older adults from the community [p < 0.001]). The area under the ROC curve for older adults attended at the Reference Center was substantial (0.903). The cut-off point obtained was six, and older adults with scores in Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 above that value had strong possibility of being frail. For older adults from the community, the quadratic weighted agreement among evaluators was 99.5%, and the global quadratic weighted kappa coefficient was 0.94. Cronbach’s alpha was high for older adults attended at the Reference Center (0.861) and those attended at the community (0.740). CONCLUSIONS The Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 questionnaire, in the sample examined, turned out to be positively correlated with the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment, in addition to the results indicating a high degree of validity and reliability. Thus, the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 proves to be viable as a triage instrument in the primary health care that identifies frail older adults (older adults at risk of weakening and frail older adults).
In situ characterisation of the depth and mass of water intrusion in unsaturated cement pastes via X-ray computed tomography
Authors: Liu Zhiyong , Wang Jiapei , Zhang Yunsheng , Lv Henglin , Fu Pengchen , Li Anxin
Published: December 2016

X-ray computed tomography was applied to continuously track the migration process of water in unsaturated cement pastes in situ. It was found that the process of water uptake starts with early rapid growth and a subsequent slowly increasing period, followed by a relatively stable stage. The rate of water penetration was accelerated with a decrease in slag incorporation. An analytical equation was developed to establish the relationship between the depth and the mass coefficient of capillary suction and the obtained predicted values were found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental values observed via the gravimetric method.
Crossrail project: a deep-mined station on the Elizabeth line, London
Authors: St. John Adrian , Barker John , Frost Stephen , Harris David
Published: December 2016

This paper describes some of the key challenges and lessons learned in creating a deep-mined, sprayed concrete-lined station shell for London’s new Elizabeth line. Tottenham Court Road station was one of five such stations on the £14·8 billion Crossrail project to deliver a new 118 km east–west railway across the UK capital by 2019. Creation of two 240 m long platform tunnels in a dense, urban environment required the development of unique design and construction solutions, including ground improvement and safeguarding measures to mitigate ground movement. Strong collaboration and effective technical and construction coordination across the many asset interfaces were key factors in achieving a successful outcome.
The Effect of Banks' Financial Position on Credit Growth: Evidence from OECD Countries
Authors: Rappoport David E.
Published: December 2016

This paper presents empirical evidence on the effect of banks' financial position on credit growth using a sample of 29 OECD countries. The failure of the exogeneity assumption of explanatory variables is addressed using dynamic panel type instruments. The empirical results show that among capital, profits and liquidity at the end of the previous year, capital is the most important predictor of credit growth in the current year. The relationship between capital and credit growth is non-linear. Point estimates from the preferred econometric specification imply that at the sample mean a one standard deviation increase (decrease) in capital is associated with an increase (decrease) of 0.8 (0.3) percentage points in credit growth upon impact and 1.6 (0.6) percentage points in the long-run.
The Volcker Rule and Market-Making in Times of Stress
Authors: Bao Jack , O'Hara Maureen , Zhou Alex
Published: December 2016

Focusing on downgrades as stress events that drive the selling of corporate bonds, we document that the illiquidity of stressed bonds has increased after the Volcker Rule. Dealers regulated by the Rule have decreased their market-making activities while non-Volcker-affected dealers have stepped in to provide some additional liquidity. Furthermore, even Volcker-affected dealers that are not constrained by Basel III and CCAR regulations change their behavior, inconsistent with the effects being driven by these other regulations. Since Volcker-affected dealers have been the main liquidity providers, the net effect is that bonds are less liquid during times of stress due to the Volcker Rule.
Developing skills for neutronic modelling of nuclear power reactors in South Africa
Authors: Nyalunga Gezekile , Naicker Vishana , Du Toit Maria
Published: December 2016

In recent years, due to economic and social infrastructure development and growth, South Africa has been facing growth in energy demand. Addressing this demand includes building more coal power stations, however with attention paid in designing them to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A second response is to deploy more power sources using renewable and nuclear energy. The South African government has plans to add about 9.6 GW of nuclear energy to the electricity grid. Accepting that South Africa will seek an international vendor or vendors to supply nuclear plants, a certain degree of localisation of manufacture and operation should be planned. One localisation task that can be actively pursued is reactor analysis, including criticality, burnup, shielding and accident analysis of the reactor. Such development of expertise will support both economic and safety aspects of building and running a nuclear reactor. With this in mind, neutronic analysis of the VVER 1000 reactor was initiated. The government’s intention to build a new fleet of reactors means it is important that the VVER-1000 reactor be included in studies done by the reactor analysis group at the School of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering at the North-West University. The analysis was performed using MCNP6 for the cold zero power state at the beginning of cycle with the specifications obtained from the open literature. The input file was generated using the in-house code NWURCS. To ensure accuracy and precision of the results produced by the MCNP6 code, convergence studies of the MCNP6 models were carried out. Once a satisfactory model was obtained, the critical reactor state was calculated by adjusting the boron concentration in the water. Furthermore, the control rod worth, reactivity coefficients and beff were also calculated and are reported in this paper.
Investigation of an octagon-shaped chimney solar power plant
Authors: Beneke L.W. , Fourie C.J.S. , Huan Z.
Published: December 2016

South Africa has limited reserve electricity resources and many parts of the country have limited access to electricity, while electricity production capacity is at maximum and almost every gigawatt is accounted for. The energy crisis has highlighted the need to increase electricity generation capacity and to search for alternative energy sources. This study focuses on the solar chimney concept, which harnesses both solar and wind energy to generate electricity, especially in the sunny Northern Cape Province and Karoo regions of South Africa. The concept is an alternative design focusing on very low wind power, where an effective cone solar frustum power plant is able to generate sufficient wind flow to turn a turbine and produce electricity. The study focused on different chimney designs (cylindrical and octagon shapes) to evaluate the best performance. Simulations were performed to find the optimum design configuration to focus the research. The simulations evaluated the shape of the tower, tower base, heat transfer surface areas and efficiencies of the system. The results showed that the octagonal chimney outperformed the normal cylindrical one, mainly due to an increased airflow and the turbine being positioned at the outlet of the chimney (whereas it is at the bottom of a cylindrical chimney). The addition of mirrors increased the performance due to solar radiation from all the directions around the chimney. The results were confirmed by a pilot plant that was operated continuously for 24 months.
Assessing the Costs and Risks of the South African Electricity Portfolio: A Portfolio Theory Approach
Authors: Bashe Mantombi , Shuma-Iwisi Mercy , Van Wyk Michael Anton
Published: December 2016

Portfolio theory is used to evaluate the cost and risk of the South African electricity generation portfolio in a bid to find out how were the costs and risks of the South African electricity generation portfolio managed following the 2007 and 2008 load shedding events. The costs considered are fuel, environmental levy and operating and maintenance costs, for the Eskom power stations from 2008/09 to 2013/14. The results show that: the current electricity generation mix is not efficient due to high cost and risk; and following the 2007 and 2008 load shedding events the entire portfolio capacity was increased marginally and the OCGT stations fuel costs increased substantially. Future work would be to apply this study to the period following the 2014 and 2015 load shedding events.
Measurement and verification of irrigation pumping DSM projects: Application of novel methodology designs
Authors: Storm M. E. , Gouws R. , Grobler L.J.
Published: December 2016

In South Africa the agricultural sector is a significant energy user, with irrigation pumping being the single biggest electricity-demanding farming activity. The agricultural and commercial sectors contribute 6.5% to annual South African electricity sales. Since 2004, Eskom demand side management (DSM) programmes actively engaged farmers to reduce peak period power usage. Farmers with higher power usage were also assisted to move from Landrate tariff structure to Ruraflex in order to incentivise away from peak-period power use. As part of the DSM programme, a number of large evening peak-load-shifting irrigation projects were implemented. Independent measurement and verification (M&V) assessments were made to establish attained savings over the contracted project life. The M&V of DSM projects normally have problems that complicate project assessments, but even taking this into account, the M&V team experienced exceptional difficulties and cumbersome M&V methodology challenges with certain irrigation projects. Normal baseline development methods were ineffective and novel M&V methods needed to be devised and developed. This paper explains the normal M&V methodology used for typical DSM projects and how it is applied. It gives guidance on baseline metering equipment, sampling and metering point selection. Further it demonstrates project specific issues and service level adjustment (SLA) anomalies that render normal M&V methodologies ineffective. It shows novel and alternative baseline development and SLA methods that were incorporated on DSM projects to accurately quantify project impacts.
Numerical Algorithms for Diffusion Coefficient Identification in Problems of Tissue Engineering
Authors: Пененко А.В. , Penenko A.V.
Published: December 2016

Identification algorithms of diffusion coefficients in a specimen with tomographic images of the solution penetration dynamics are considered.
With the sensitivity operator, built on the basis of adjoint equations for diffusion process model, the corresponding coefficient inverse problem
is reduced to the quasilinear operator equation which is then solved by the Newton-type method with successive evaluation of r-pseudo inverse
operators of increasing dimensionality. The efficiency of the constructed algorithm is tested in numerical experiments. For comparison, a gradient-based
algorithm for the inverse problem solution is considered.
Análise do Projeto de Lei do Senado (PLS) n° 200, de 2015, em face do Princípio da Proibição do Retrocesso Social
Authors: Lima Glaucia Ribeiro , Cunha Jarbas Ricardo Almeida
Published: December 2016

O Projeto de Lei do Senado (PLS) n° 200, de 2015, propõe a edição de uma lei que dispõe sobre pesquisas clínicas envolvendo seres humanos. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise crítica do PLS 200/2015, tendo como base o Princípio da Proibição  do Retrocesso Social. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, documental e normativa, com levantamento de normas sanitárias e éticas relacionadas à pesquisa clínica e pareceres relacionados ao PL 200/2015. O PLS 200/2015 e as informações a ele relacionadas também foram consultados no endereço eletrônico do Senado Federal. A regulamentação da matéria por lei demonstrou não ser um problema nos pareceres consultados. Os principais conflitos estavam relacionados à criação de um comitê de ética independente (CEI), que não vincula a revisão ética a um órgão estatal; ao uso de placebo, cuja flexibilização é contrária a todos os esforços realizados para assegurar que os participantes tenham as melhores opções terapêuticas; e ao acesso pós-estudo, cuja restrição é contrária às regulamentações existentes que determinam o acesso gratuito e por tempo indeterminado. A análise das principais disposições especificadas no PLS 200/2015 não identificou avanço social ou de desenvolvimento técnico-científico. O Princípio da Proibição do Retrocesso Social pode ser utilizado, assim, para garantir os preceitos constitucionais já realizados e efetivados, em especial o direito à saúde, à dignidade da pessoa humana e à inviolabilidade do direito à vida.
Evaluation component structure of economic potential Carpathian region
Authors: Mashika H.
Published: December 2016

The economic potential of the region characterize its possible development; It is important to use the complex territorial resources, existing and future structure of its economy, geographical location; goal – improving the quality of life of the region. Purpose.Important research problems at present is the assessment component of the economic development of the region and identify potential development. Evaluation component structure of economic potential of the Carpathian region will improve the management of the region, the adoption of appropriate administrative decisions. Data&Methods. By itself, without the potential use of goal does not exist; investigating any potential always mean something which requires provisions and capabilities to achieve any result. Given this, and given the data of regional statistics to assess the structure of the economic potential of the Carpathian region we distinguish the following components: production capacity, investment and innovation potential, employment potential, financial potential.
Results.To assess the production potential of the Carpathian region we used indicators: the volume of industrial products manufactured in the region; the volume of agricultural products;imports of goods and services are data on gross regional product. In 2015 there was a decrease of per formance to 10%. The investment potential of the region – a set of own and borrowed funds. In the Carpathian region the main source of funding for investments in fixed assets are own funds of enterprises and organizations. The employment potential of the region is reflected in the labor force. The Carpathian region has surplus manpower. In the last two years are significant problems with the formation of financial capacity.
We believe you need to solve the problem of regional potential. To do this, select how increasing economic potential should be based on problem-oriented (targeted) estimates. For topical Carpathian region is the development of recreational areas. So we stopped at the eco-economic potential of the region. It is a combination of available natural resources and the natural environment. The Carpathian region has significant recreational, forestry, water resources; compared with other regions of Ukraine has a favorable environmental situation for the development of recreation and tourism, green tourism. Important economic value for the Carpathian region have environmental and economic factors: the landscape (take a large part of the Carpathian Mountains), geographical location, climate, resources, mineral water (336 sources).
Sustentabilidade empresarial: a questão socioambiental sob a ótica da análise econômica do direito
Authors: Machado Martins André Luis Agner , Razuk Nahima Peron Coelho
Published: December 2016

O atual contexto econômico apresenta um dos grandes paradoxos contemporâneos. Diante da expectativa e necessidade de um crescimento econômico, aliado aos necessários investimentos alocados junto aos setores produtivos, a sociedade depara-se com um sistema jurídico de proteção socioambiental. O desafio dos agentes econômicos, público ou privados, está na promoção de suas atividades empresariais e estabelecimento de um mercado preferencialmente concorrencial, o qual, simultaneamente deverá enfrentar as novas demandas socioambientais. O presente artigo pretende compreender este conflito, verificar seus efeitos e a possibilidade de enfrentá-lo através da chamada Análise Econômica do Direito. Trata-se de método que encontra raízes na ciência econômica como uma resposta à abstração e subjetividade verificada nas correntes teóricas jusnaturalistas e juspositivistas, as quais nem sempre consideraram o elemento da eficácia quando da compreensão do universo jurídico. Este enfrentamento demonstrará que o viés puro econômico deverá perceber e recepcionar a chamada demanda socioambiental moderna, tradicionalmente registrada no cenário empresarial como tradeoff; uma externalidade ocasionadora de aumento dos custos de transação, capaz de afastar parte dos agentes econômicos, os quais tendem a maximizar seus lucros.
O modelo democrático-deliberativo: possibilidades institucionais
Authors: Zettel Bernardo Barbosa , Ganem Fabrício Faroni , Bolonha Carlos Alberto Pereira das Neves
Published: December 2016

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar os principais elementos de um modelo de democracia deliberativa que teve as suas características essenciais definidas pelo resgate do pensamento políticofilosófico de John Rawls, com a publicação de "Uma Teoria da Justiça" (1971). A partir de então, novos estudos despontaram no campo da ciência política, apresentando, em comum, aqueles que podem ser considerados os elementos fundamentais de um ideal democrático-deliberativo. À luz de uma nova perspectiva institucional, busca-se, com este estudo, indicar os rumos propostos pela teoria democrática contemporânea para superar o desafio da pluralidade política. Para tanto, serão analisados quatro valores - a deliberação, a imparcialidade, a responsabilização política e a transparência - que compõem o núcleo do fenômeno democrático e devem se complementar no âmbito da atividade institucional.
Da razão do transconstitucionalismo à desfundamentação do transconstitucionalismo: a violência de um novo paradigma
Authors: Arruda Octaviano Padovese
Published: December 2016

O transconstitucioalismo oferece novos critérios para a solução de conflitos constitucionais comuns que ocorre nas mais diversas cortes e tribunais. Isso porque nem sempre estará claro para um tribunal qual é a solução que deverá ser solucionada. Aparentemente, os critérios de solução que o transconstitcuinalismo apresenta proporcionariam uma efetividade maior da justiça. No entanto, o que se demonstrará ao longo do artigo é que o transconstitucionalismo não oferece uma nova fórmula de justiça.
Notícias e Informações
Authors: Direito Revista
Published: December 2016

Resumos das dissertações e teses defendidas no primeiro semestre de 2013 no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação (Mestrado e Doutorado) em Teoria do Estado e Direito Constitucional do Departamento de Direito da PUC-Rio.
Uma análise do ensino de química na E. E. E. M. Mestre Júlio Sarmento frente aos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o ensino médio
Authors: Bonifácio Francisca Alany , Simões Anderson Savio de Medeiros
Published: December 2016

É perceptível, a grande diferença existente entre o atual ensino de química e o ensino que é proposto pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (PCNEM). Enquanto o primeiro propõe um ensino interdisciplinar, o segundo continua respaldado na memorização e na preparação do aluno para o Exame Nacional para o Ensino Médio (ENEM). Diante de tal realidade, se faz necessária uma discussão sobre essa grande diferença existente entre a prática de ensino defendida no PCNEM e o atual ensino de química. De modo a verificar esta realidade, o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os fatores que determinam ou que contribuem para a ocorrência das divergências e das semelhanças entre o ensino de química oferecido na Escola Estadual de Ensino Médio Mestre Júlio Sarmento, da cidade de Sousa-Paraíba, e as propostas dos PCNEM. A pesquisa teve um caráter explicativo, sendo realizada através de levantamento de dados utilizando um questionário como instrumento de coleta de informações. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram os cinco professores responsáveis pela disciplina de química no ensino médio da referida escola. Após análise dos dados, verificou-se que os fatores que mais contribuem para as divergências são: o currículo extenso do ensino médio, a superlotação de salas e a falta de interesse por parte dos alunos. Sobre as semelhanças com as propostas do documento, é possível afirmar que o fator que mais se assemelha é a contextualização do ensino de química, diante das metodologias utilizadas pelos professores, dando ao aluno a oportunidade de estudar conceitos químicos a partir de acontecimentos cotidianos.
Memórias Poéticas da Cidade: a Fenomenologia dos Espaços em Fervor de Buenos Aires, de Jorge Luis Borges
Authors: Ferreira Ana Paula Santos De Araújo , Duarte Cristina Rothier , Bezerra Marta Célia Feitosa , Santos Renata Oliveira dos , Da Silva Rodrigo Vieira
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo constitui-se de uma análise fenomenológica da poética de Jorge Luis Borges, mais especificamente, dos poemas que privilegiam as relações entre tempo, espaço e memória em seu primeiro livro de poesias, intitulado Fervor de Buenos Aires (1923). Partindo da análise do espaço enquanto categoria literária que transcende a mera função de cenário, investigamos suas configurações nos poemas que compõem o corpus deste trabalho, tendo como aporte teórico as perspectivas de Mikhail Bakhtin (2002), sobre o cronotopo literário, de Gaston Bachelard (2008), sobre o valor poético dos espaços representados, e de Ozíris Borges Filho (2007), a respeito da espacialidade na obra literária. Nesse sentido, após delimitar teoricamente os conceitos de espaço e o método fenomenológico dos quais lançamos mão nesse estudo, daremos prosseguimento à investigação das memórias poéticas plasmadas nos espaços citadinos representados na obra, tais como as ruas, as praças, a casa e a sala.
A Bacia Apodi-Mossoró (RN) como Objeto de Pesquisa em Programas de Pós-Graduação
Authors: Souza Francisco das Chagas Silva , Santos Wanderson Lucas Alves dos , Justo Jader Felipe Araújo
Published: December 2016

A bacia hidrográfica Apodi-Mossoró é a segunda maior em extensão no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, daí a importância hídrica e socioeconômica que tem para as populações estabelecidas às margens dos seus rios e reservatórios. Nosso objetivo, neste artigo, é apresentar um estado da arte das produções acadêmicas desenvolvidas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação strictu sensu de duas Instituições de Ensino Superior do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN e UFERSA) acerca dessa bacia. Após consultas nos diretórios on line das pós-graduações, encontramos 19 trabalhos (dissertações e teses), os quais foram analisados com base nos objetivos, metodologias e resultados apresentados pelos autores em seus resumos. Verificamos que a maior parte das produções se refere a análises de padrões físicos, químicos e biológicos da água em pontos específicos da bacia hidrográfica ou ao longo do trecho do Rio Apodi/Mossoró. O aspecto socioambiental foi tratado de forma limitada nessas investigações. Assim, considerando-se os títulos e os textos dos resumos dos trabalhos investigados, concluímos que as pesquisas desenvolvidas nessas pós-graduações são predominantemente técnicas, pouco se abrindo a discussões interdisciplinares, a nosso ver, um elemento essencial nos estudos que envolvem a temática ambiental.   

 
La complejidad de articular derechos: alimentación y cuidado
Authors: Pautassi Laura Cecilia
Published: December 2016

El artículo analiza la tensión existente entre el reconocimiento de derechos de las personas, en especial el derecho a la alimentación adecuada tal como se expresa en pactos y tratados internacionales de Derechos Humanos, y la escasa vinculación con el cuidado, entendido como el conjunto de actividades indispensables para satisfacer las necesidades básicas de la existencia y reproducción humana y social. Aplicando la metodología del enfoque de derechos y de género, el artículo aborda, por una parte, el alcance del derecho a la alimentación y el impacto a nivel de institucionalidad pública y, por el otro, el reconocimiento reciente del cuidado como derecho a nivel regional y la invisibilización persistente en las políticas públicas. Los resultados obtenidos permiten presentar una agenda de investigación y acción que identifica tensiones y oportunidades para lograr la universalización en el ejercicio de derechos a partir de políticas públicas integrales e interdependientes.
Prevalence of Cardiac Depression and its Related Factors among Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Goudarzian Amir Hossein , Nia Hamid Sharif , Tavakoli Heydar , Soleimani Mohammad Ali , Yaghoobzadeh Ameneh , Tabari Fariba , Taebei Mozhgan
Published: December 2016

Cardiac depression is one of the most common psychological reactions of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cardiac depression and its related factors among patients with ACS. This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2016 in patients with ACS who were admitted to hospitals affiliated to the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. In the present study, 407 patients completed the Cardiac Depression Scale (CDS) within two months (March - June). The data were analyzed by a chi-square test and a general linear model multivariate analysis. According to the results, the mean cardiac depression score in patients with ACS was 109.00 ± 16.49 (CI95: 107.39 to 110.60). Among the participants, 37 (9.1%), 72 (17.7%), and 298 (73.2%) patients had mild, moderate, and severe levels of depression, respectively. Although the two-way ANOVA was not significant, but there was a difference between cardiac depression score of a type of ACS. Given the high prevalence of cardiac depression among these patients, it is necessary to develop measures for routine screening in cardiac treatment units.
Evaluating Endometrial Thickness and Vascular Ultrasound Pattern and Pregnancy Outcomes Inintrauterine Insemination Cycle
Authors: Masrour Mojgan Javedani , Shafaie Atena , Yoonesi Ladan , Aerabsheibani Hossein , Masrour Sanaz Javedani
Published: December 2016

The current study aims to investigate whether endometrial thickness and pattern, and blood flow in color Doppler of sonography on the day of administration is a predictor of intrauterine insemination (IUI) success. The study was designed as a cross-sectional prospective clinical study with one-hundred women undergoing an IUI cycle. Interventions of the study include endometrial thickness and pattern and color Doppler flow on the day of administration and cycle parameters were compared between pregnant and non-pregnant patients. Main outcome measures are endometrial thickness and patterns and blood flow in color Doppler. The results showed that the overall pregnancy rate was 38%, which mean that endometrial blood flow on the day of administration was significantly greater in cycles, pregnancy achieved, but endometrial thickness and pattern of sonography were found to have no predictive value on endometrial receptivity. In multi-variant analysis, the following variable affected the pregnancy rate: the women's age, duration of infertility, type, number of IUI cycle, the number of ampules to stimulate dominant follicle, sperm count. In our study, this variability was found to have no predictive value on the outcome of IUI but endometrial flow in color Doppler was positively associated pregnancy outcome.
Cutaneous Symptoms and Rashes in Patients with HIV-Positive Infections (A Review Article)
Authors: Hosseinabad Mohammad Ali Shakeri , Abdolhazadeh Farzad
Published: December 2016

Identifying the cutaneous symptom associated with HIV positive disease and investigating the kind of rashes can be helpful in early diagnosis of the disease. The extensity of skin disorders in HIV infection is widespread. Examination of the skin of these patients can be a good indicator of the status of the immune system as well as the patient's psychological status and also in early diagnosis can make a worthy help. We carried out a literature search (From 1990 to 2016) related to this issue through Google Scholar, Pub-MED, Scopus, Science Direct, and Iran DOC, by using keywords cutaneous symptoms, HIV positive, skin infection, warts, early diagnosis. Among 124 articles only 51 papers were related to skin infections. Review of the associated research, investigation the skin infections in HIV patients and early diagnosis made a great help in the treatment process, particularly in people with high-risk behaviors which leads to diagnosis the HIV in the early stages. The results of this study suggest the importance of cutaneous symptom in patients with HIV infection and early diagnosis to start the medical procedures.