bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Il ruolo sociale della comunicazione e lo storytelling audiovisivo. Strumenti di design per il dialogo sociale
Authors: Galbiati Marisa
Published: June 2021

Nella società dell’informazione e della comunicazione diventa prioritario dotarsi di strumenti adeguati per affrontare il progetto di design. Lo storytelling audiovisivo si configura come un utile strumento per analizzare, esplorare e progettare immagini e visioni che possono dare un contributo importante nella fase decisionale che riguarda il futuro della città. Ascolto, dialogo, co-progettazione, conversazione entrano a far parte della “cassetta degli attrezzi” del designer, per una progettazione partecipata e condivisa.
Investigación y teoría en diseño. Un posible enfoque ante el cambio paradigmático
Authors: Rodríguez Morales Luis
Published: June 2021

Desde sus raíces, el diseño ha sido un campo enfocado hacia el pragmatismo de la solución de problemas, por este motivo, el desarrollo de principios teóricos se ha relegado al ámbito académico y, en no pocas ocasiones, es menospreciado por los profesionales inmersos en la cotidiana solución de diversos problemas proyectuales. Caso similar es el de la investigación. En este artículo se presentan los antecedentes desde que el diseño tiene su primera definición, hacia la década de 1950, y las características que este paradigma estableció, para posteriormente mencionar los principales factores que llevaron a la crisis paradigmática de ese concepto. Este cambio paradigmático es de importancia trascendental para entender el diseño actual y permitirá encontrar los primeros signos declarados de que en diseño hace falta una teoría. Para resolver esta demanda es necesario iniciar procesos de investigación rigurosa, labor hoy imprescindible si el campo del diseño desea aportar más a la solución de los complejos problemas que hoy se nos presentan.
Diseño para la visibilización de las manifestaciones del patrimonio cultural de Cali
Authors: Cardona Olaya Félix
Published: June 2021

El siguiente artículo corto tiene la intención de sentar los requerimientos de diseño para crear un marco que permita la proyección de sistemas interactivos donde la información y la interacción sean variables que llevan a la visibilización social de los bienes del patrimonio cultural por habitantes de un territorio. Este fenómeno implica la definición, o al menos poner en discusión nuevas y mejores formas de proyectar el diseño, al utilizar tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para lograr la participación comunitaria, en referencia a las dimensiones transversales que enmarcan las sensibilidades de contexto. Todo mediante proyectos de investigación formativa que implican la figura de semillero de investigación dentro de procesos institucionales.
Tecnología y diseño: articulaciones para la paz
Authors: Córdoba-Cely Carlos
Published: June 2021

En el marco del evento Actio 20-30-40, que se llevó a cabo en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, en diciembre de 2018, se registró una serie de nueve entrevistas a expertos en diseño gráfico, diseño industrial y arquitectura sobre el tema de la paz y su relación con la tecnología y el diseño. Estas entrevistas fueron sistematizadas siguiendo la metodología de la teoría fundamentada con la finalidad de responder alguna de las siguientes preguntas de investigación: 1) ¿cómo se entienden las disciplinas creativas en la actualidad?; 2) ¿cómo se entiende la paz desde las disciplinas creativas?; 3) ¿cómo se entiende la tecnología desde las disciplinas creativas? En este proceso se obtuvo un conjunto de cuatro dimensiones (política, social, sistémica y proyectual) para intentar responder la primera pregunta, tres dimensiones (política, equidad y justicia) para intentar responder la segunda y cuatro dimensiones (social, cívica, humana y consumo) para intentar responder la última pregunta.
Desarrollo y aplicación de una herramienta metodológica para el diseño bioinspirado
Authors: Morales Carmona Mayra Alejandra
Published: June 2021

En el diseño bioinspirado se ha desarrollado gran número de objetos que han tenido un espacio sobresaliente en la historia del diseño, desde Arts and Crafts, el diseño escandinavo o el Art Nouveau, entre otros, se observa el valor de la naturaleza como inspiración.

En este estudio se hace la comparación de seis métodos de diseño bioinspirado, con énfasis en el proceso de análisis del referente natural y sus características, con el propósito de desarrollar una herramienta metodológica que contribuya y complemente los procesos de abstracción para realizar diseño biomimético. Se valida la herramienta a través de su aplicación en el diseño conceptual de objetos.
Gene action and heritability in bi-parental crosses of sunflower
Authors: Abdelsatar Mohamed Ali , Hassan Tamer Hassan Ali
Published: June 2021

A field experiment was conducted in the contrasting locations of Kafr-El-Hamam/Sharkia and Al-Arish/North Sinai agricultural research stations of the Agricultural Research Center in Egypt. We estimated the additive and dominance genetic variances, as well as heritability in the broad and narrow senses for sunflower yield and its attributes in the cross L350 x L355 using North Carolina Design-III. The magnitude of the additive variances for all studied traits at both locations in proportion to the phenotypic variances was larger than the dominance variances. The average degree of dominance was greater than the unit, as also confirmed by the high narrow-sense heritability for most of the studied traits. The genetic improvement may be achieved through the selection of genotypes with larger head diameter and heavier seed weight which also showed moderate to high values of narrow-sense heritability. Thirty-two sunflower backcrosses were grouped into eight distinct clusters/groups by canonical analysis.
Global improvements in Years of Good Life since 1950
Authors: Striessnig Erich , Reiter Claudia , Dimitrova Anna
Published: June 2021

Human well-being at the national aggregate level is typically measured by GDP per capita, life expectancy or a composite index such as the HDI. A more recent alternative is the Years of Good Life (YoGL) indicator presented by Lutz et al. (2018; 2021). YoGL represents a refinement of life expectancy in which only those person-years in a life table are counted that are spent free from material (1), physical (2) or cognitive limitations (3), while being subjectively perceived as satisfying (4). In this article, we present the reconstruction of YoGL to 1950 for 140 countries. Since life expectancy – as reported by the UN World Population Prospects in fiveyearly steps – forms the basis of our reconstruction, the presented dataset is also available on a five-yearly basis. In addition, like life expectancy, YoGL can be flexibly calculated for different sub-populations. Hence, we present separate YoGL estimates for women and men. Due to a lack of data, only the material dimension can be reconstructed based directly on empirical inputs since 1950. The remaining dimensions are modelled based on information from the more recent past.
Micromechanical modeling of nacre-mimetic Ti3C2-MXene nanocomposites with viscoelastic polymer matrix
Authors: Srivatsa Shreyas , Packo Pawel , Mishnaevsky Leon , Uhl Tadeusz , Grabowski Krzysztof
Published: June 2021

A new two-dimensional nanomaterial—Titanium Carbide MXene (Ti3C2-MXene)—was reported in 2011. In this work, the microscale models of Ti3C2-MXene nanomaterial are considered with polymer matrix. The nanocomposites are modeled using nacre-mimetic brick-and-mortar assembly configurations due to enhanced mechanical properties and interlocking mechanism between the Ti3C2-MXene (brick) and polymer matrices (mortar). The polymer matrix material (Epoxy-resin) is modeled with elastic and viscoelastic behavior (Kelvin–Voigt Model). The Finite Element Method is used for numerical analysis of the microscale models with the multi-point constraint method to include Ti3C2-MXene fillers in the polymer matrix. Ti3C2-MXenes are considered as thick plate elements with transverse shear effects. The response of elastic and viscoelastic models of polymer matrix are studied. Finally, a tensile and compressive load is applied at the microscale and the effective load transfer due to nacre-mimetic configuration is discussed. This paper provides nacre-mimetic models to pre-design the nanocomposite for optimal performance with damage resistance and enhanced strength.
Safety Perceptions and Cycling Frequency of Highly Educated Young People Who Grew Up in Different Mobility Cultures
Authors: Basaran Gulin Goksu , Kristoffersen Daniel , Haustein Sonja
Published: June 2021

Denmark is one of the world’s leading cycling countries. For most new residents coming from abroad, the Danish cycling culture strongly contrasts with the mobility culture of their country of origin. Based on an online survey including highly educated people who grew up in Denmark (n = 106) and abroad (n = 148), this study examined safety perception and cycling frequency of both groups. We found a significant increase of foreigner’s self-reported safety perceptions and cycling frequencies after moving to Denmark. In regression analyses, we found that age of learning to cycle, experiencing anger from car drivers, stress and being unaware of cycling rules had an effect on safety perception. Stress and driving anger were significant factors for the subsample of newcomers, but not for Danes. Attitude towards cycling and cycling norm in the country of origin (measured based on a new six-item cycling norm index) were significant factors of cycling frequency. Unlike our expectations, a low cycling norm increased cycling frequency in Denmark. Newcomers’ cycling frequency was additionally influenced by the age of learning to cycle. Based on the results, it seems advisable to help newcomers to cycling countries to get familiar with formal and informal cycling rules to reduce their stress and make them feel safer when cycling. While this will probably reduce conflicts with car drivers, greater efforts should be made to reduce car drivers’ anger expression against cyclists.
PSYCHOLOGY THEORIST LEO VEKKER
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Loginova Natalia A.
Published: June 2021

The article presents a brief biography of the outstanding scientist L.M. Vekker, the characteristics of his theoretical heritage. Vekker hold materialist views. He sought to encompass all mental processes in a single conceptual system and explain them as a special case of general laws of nature. There is a hierarchy of carriers of the psychic, so the link to the original carrier — physical, neural substrate — is unrecognized. As at the highest levels of that hierarchy this connection is far from its material foundation, it gives the subject an illusion of their absolute autonomy. Therefore, the psyche has often been treated as the soul — an autonomous substance. Vekker never agreed with this theoretical position. He acknowledged the existence of the soul but interpreted it as the highest integration of mental phenomena in the material system «human». In his theory, he proves that mental phenomena are of the information nature, similar to technical and physiological signals. However, they are very specific and have properties of the projection, inaccessibility to direct sensory perception, inexpressibility in the language of nervous processes, immanent activity. The article discusses not only the theory but also the personality of L.M. Vekker, his place in the Soviet and Russian psychological science. In the article, his anniversary speech is published for the first time.
THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE MODERN STATE: PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Perm State University, Sharkov Anton V.
Published: June 2021

Russian and foreign scientists are increasingly turning to the concept of the social state, its problems and prospects of existence. There are grounds for believing that in addressing issues related to the future of the welfare state and problems of its development, philosophical thought should contribute among others. Scientists set the task of describing and explaining significant changes in the role of the modern state in the management of public affairs (especially in the social sphere). This problem is solved by researchers from different, sometimes opposite, theoretical and methodological positions. Based on the modern scientific theory of the historical process, the paper studies the problem of the implementation of social functions by modern states. It attempts to identify the anthropological foundations of the state and its social function in terms of the philosophical concept of human nature. The author gives his own definition of the social function of the state, which is presented in a wide and narrow sense. The paper proves the idea that the problem of social functions of modern states is a consequence of the crisis of the anthropological foundations of the modern human civilization. The crisis of the homo economicus determines the revision and subsequent optimization of the social obligations of the modern state, the reduction of its social functions. The poverty of the working population, its aging and debt load, job cuts due to the introduction of automated production, deep class differentiation, and other manifestations of this crisis require new approaches to managing the affairs of society. «Departure» of the state from the social sphere inevitably leads to the increased religiosity in society, enhanced role of major international corporations that have a significant potential for the replacement of the state’s social functions. The paper provides basic recommendations and suggests the main ways to overcome the anthropological crisis in modern Russia.
THE CONCEPT OF CLASS (SAMGRAHA) IN EARLY YOGĀCĀRA LOGIC (BASED ON ASANGA’S «ABHIDHARMA-SAMUCCAYA»)
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Burmistrov Sergey L.
Published: June 2021

The concept of class (saṃgraha) was introduced in the philosophy of Yogācāra as an element of logical structure of Buddhist discourse for the classification of sets of dharmas (skandha, dhātu, āyatana) rather dharmas themselves. This classification, added to the traditional classification of dharmas by groups (skandha), elements (dhātu) and bases of consciousness (āyatana), provided more detailed classification of states of consciousness according to Buddhist dogmatic principles aimed at the attainment of nirvāṇa. Asanga in the «Compendium of Abhidharma» (Abhidharma-samuccaya) formulates eleven classes defining them by their mutual relations, their relations to time and space and by their emotional aspect relevant to the final enlightenment. Nevertheless they are nothing more than mental constructions formed for more exact description of mind in the perspective of enlightenment. Dharmas are the only reality in Buddhist philosophy, and enlightenment comes when appearance and disappearance of the conditioned dharmas stops and only the unconditional dharma remains. It is the treasure trove, and it is free from affects and determined dispositions. So, classes do not describe the true reality (tathatā) as it is understood in Mahāyāna Buddhism and are but instruments for the transformation of adept’s mind.
INDIVIDUALITY AND SELF-REPRESENTATION: PERSONALITY AS AN OBJECT AND SUBJECT OF CONSUMPTION IN THE MODERN SOCIETY
Authors:   Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Urusova Ekaterina A.
Published: June 2021

Entering the process of consumption, not only does the person construct their individual being and social reality but also completes their individuality, relying on symbols popular in the environment. Attempts to show one’s own personality are confronted with the ways of self-presentation accepted in the society, as well as with assessments from other people, so a person is faced with the necessity to choose what and how to present. The openness of self-presentation methods results in the spread of interest in individual aspects and characteristics of the personality and also causes its transition to the category of the object of consumption. At the same time, the desire to get a positive external evaluation from others entails «folding» of the individuality due to the demonstration of only certain aspects that are most in demand (that is, the most «consumed» ones). Such a process is associated with the desire to satisfy the needs for recognition and respect, to supplement the qualities, features, characteristics of the image of the «Self» or to hide the lack of the basic reality and understanding of oneself as an integral personality. On the other hand, identification of oneself in the sociocultural space, in the reference group, leads to the search for and selection of individuals that are of the greatest interest. Personality, while becoming a subject of consumption, objectifies the other, endowed with the desired qualities and characteristics, consuming the information communicated by it. However, such a process of consumption causes a feeling of incompleteness and inferiority of oneself, resulting from the impossibility of possessing the desired qualities, thus provoking ongoing search for objects of consumption, distancing from one’s own individuality and the loss of one’s own Self.
THE CONCEPT OF DRAMATIZATION AND ITS MEANINGS
Authors:   Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy, Nassonov Mikhail S.
Published: June 2021

Dramatization is a living, state-synthesizing, active internal activity peculiar to the subject; it is difficult to fit into a strict definition; thus, because of all the above, it appears to be a concept. Based on the peculiar methodology of Georges Bataille, with its goal to express the experience of the impossible, the categorical apparatus of M. Heidegger’s existential phenomenology, hermeneutics, historical and philosophical analysis and the use of the given concept, an attempt was made to penetrate the depths of the creative act and personality characteristics of the author. The latter (poet, philosopher) is engaged in mythopoiesis, he does not just create a special language and lives in it but conveys something through it, this being his destiny, his drama. In this regard, we should speak about the expression of Being, where dramatization plays a significant role. Dramatization is the process that helps to «go beyond oneself» to the unknown and transcendental. There are other meanings as well. For example, from an existential point of view, a person who dramatizes his existence becomes closer to understanding language, phenomena and the meaning of his life. Dramatization helps bridge the gap between things and words. The key figures of our research are Plato and G. Bataille, in whose philosophizing two types of dramatization are most clearly traced. The first type is rational, where drama unfolding in life and in one’s own philosophy is presented; the second one is irrational, associated with inner experience, mystical ecstasies, dramatization to exhaustion. At the same time, Plato and Bataille have common features: moments of experiencing death, incompleteness, and overcoming limits. This text may be of particular interest to those who deal with the philosophical problems of the creative process (further development of dramatization in relation to other similar concepts would help understand it at a higher qualitative level), a comparative analysis of antiquity and postmodernism.
JOSE ORTEGA Y GASSET: PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORICAL BEING OF MAN
Authors:   Ural State University of Physical Culture, Shumskoy Andrey V.
Published: June 2021

The article provides reconstruction of philosophical and historical ideas of Jose Ortega y Gasset, the greatest European philosopher of the 20th century. Ortega considers the historical existence of man in the context of different paradigms: phenomenology, existentialism, philosophy of life. The philosopher’s views on the content and structure of the historical process are shown. The fundamental role of beliefs and ideas in the historical existence of man is emphasized. Beliefs are the reality a person lives in. They constitute the latent layer of the man’s «logos». Ideas are generated by human intellectual activity. The true primary reality is mysterious and problematic. Man is only able to create imaginary worlds, construct interpretations, comparing them with the mysterious reality. Such modes of historical human existence as self-immersion and self-alienation are considered. The most important structural element of the historical process is generation. Ortega proposes to regard generation as a fundamental historical category that allows one to understand the dynamics and nature of historical changes. The generation is the trajectory history moves along. Ortega considered historical crisis to be another important category related to the historical existence of man. The historical crisis is a fundamental form that the structure of human life can take. History is a linear system of human experiences extended in time. Forms of human life in history are not infinite, each historical stage «sprouts» from the previous one. The historical crisis is a transition to a new era, a kind of bifurcation point. Ortega considered the concept of historical reason to be one of the important achievements in his philosophy of history. Life has a much more radical nature than all the worlds constructed by intelligence. The historical crisis of modernity led humanity to the point which can be defined as «cartesianism of life», not «cartesianism of thought». There is a moment in history when collapse of the physical reason frees the way for the vital and historical reason. The historical reason finds itself in history as a dialectical experience of man.
Early Versus Delayed Mobilization Post-Operative Protocols for Primary Lateral Ankle Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vopat Matthew , Wendling Alexander , Lee Brennan , Hassan Maaz , Morris Brandon , Tarakemeh Armin , Zackula Rosey , Mullen Scott , Schroeppel John , Vopat Bryan
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Lateral ankle instability represents a common orthopaedic diagnosis. Nonoperative treatment through focused physical therapy provides satisfactory results in most patients. However, some patients experience persistent chronic lateral ankle instability despite appropriate nonoperative treatment. These patients may require stabilization which can include primary lateral ligament reconstruction with a graft to restore ankle stability. Optimal post-operative rehabilitation of lateral ankle ligament reconstruction remains unknown, as surgeons vary in how long they immobilize their patients post-operatively. The aim of this review is to provide insight into early mobilization (EM) versus delayed mobilization (DM) post-operative protocols in patients undergoing primary lateral ankle ligament reconstructions to determine if an optimal evidence-based post-operative rehabilitation protocol exists in the literature.
Methods. Following PRIMSA criteria, a systematic review/meta-analysis using the PubMed/Ovid Medline database was performed (10/11/1947-1/28/2020). Manuscripts that were duplicates, non-lateral ligament repair, biomechanical and non-English language were excluded. Protocols were reviewed and divided into two categories; early mobilization (within 3 weeks of surgery) and delayed mobilization (after 3 weeks of surgery). Functional outcome scores (AOFAS, Karlsson scores), radiographic measurements (anterior drawer, talar tilt) and complications evaluated using weighted mean differences (pre- and post-operative scores) and mixed-effect models.
Results. After our search, we found 12 out of 1,574 studies that met the criteria for the final analysis, representing 399 patients undergoing lateral ankle reconstruction. Using weighted mean differences the DM group showed superior AOFAS functional scores compared to the EM group; 28.0 (5.5) vs. 26.3 (0.0) respectively, p < 0.001; although sample size was small. Conversely, no significant differences were found for Karlsson functional score (p = 0.246). With regards to radiographic outcome, no significant differences were observed; anterior drawer was p = 0.244 and talar tilt was p = 0.937. A meta-analysis using mixed-effects models confirmed these results, although heterogeneity was high.
Conclusions. While there were some conflicting results, findings suggest that EM post-operative protocols for patients undergoing lateral ankle ligament reconstruction may not compromise functional outcomes or post-operative stability. Because heterogeneity was high, future studies are still needed to evaluate these protocols in less diverse patient groups and/or more consistent techniques for lateral ankle ligament reconstruction.
Post-Biopsy Pneumothorax Incidence in Patients Treated with Biosentry Plug Device
Authors: Abouodah Hythem , Werner Gregg , Fahrbach Thomas , Fox Cameron , Mazurek Jared , Lott Jeremy , Walter Carissa , Clark Lauren , Custer Brandon
Published: June 2021

Introduction: This study aimed to determine if Biosentry Plug Device (BP), a prophylactic sealant used to prevent pneumothorax after lung biopsies, reduced post-lung biopsy pneumothorax rates and other complications compared to no device utilization.
Methods: This single institution, retrospective cohort study included patients who received a lung biopsy in the department of interventional radiology from May 1, 2015 to August 31, 2017. Data such as sex, race, ethnicity, COPD status, degree of lung bullae if present, smoking status, and use of BP were recorded. Decisions to use BP were based on operator preference. A chi squared analysis was used with a p value <0.05 considered significant.
Results: The study included 521 patients who underwent a lung biopsy during the study timeframe. Of these, 74 (14.2%) received the BP device, while 447 (85.8%) did not. One-hundred ninety (36.4%) had a pneumothorax within 1 month of the lung biopsy. Of the total 190 that experienced pneumothorax, 36.7% of non-BP biopsies resulted in pneumothorax, while 35.1% of BP biopsies resulted in pneumothorax, p-value = 0.7970, degrees of freedom = 1.
Conclusions: These findings indicate that BP may not reduce pneumothorax incidence nor limit the severity of complications in patients.
The use of telemedicine for oral cancer/head and neck cancer patients monitoring: A systematic review and meta-analisys v1
Authors: HECS HECS Silva helbertcardososilva , Nize Martins Santos Glaucia , Ferreira Leite André , Ruffeil Moreira Mesquita Carla , Tadeu de Souza Figueiredo Paulo , Miron Stefani Cristine , Santos de Melo Nilce
Published: June 2021

Background and purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the use of telemedicine in monitoring patients with oral and head and neck cancer regarding the model of technology used, user’s adherence with technology, user’s satisfaction and quality of life. Data sources: We searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Embase, Open Grey, Google Scholar, and Jstor databases, for studies referring to monitoring oral and head and neck cancer patients with telemedicine apps, compared to the monitoring performed by the traditional treatment health unit. No study design, publication status or language restriction were applied. Reviewers working in pairs independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Results: We found 393 references in the databases, 325 after duplicates removal, 19 met criteria for full-text reading, 08 studies were included for qualitative synthesis and 07 studies were included for quantitative synthesis. The single-arm meta-analysis showed, on average, adherence proportion of 67% to the telemedicine monitoring tool among head and neck cancer patients P= 0.67, 95%CI [0.56–0.79]; I2 87.89%. Although there was heterogeneity regarding the used technology, remote monitoring and/or self-management of symptoms via mobile applications (apps) were feasible for most patients, with satisfactory degrees of acceptability, satisfaction, usability, and adherence Conclusions: The telemedicine, as a remote technology for monitoring patients with oral and head and neck cancer, has proven to be an acceptable and viable means of educating and supporting patients during the treatment of Oral Cancer and Head and Neck Cancer. If focused on self-management and patient education, remote monitoring technologies, especially at the current time of the COVID-19 pandemic, have the potential to reduce costs related to professional supervision, clinical visits, emergency calls and hospitalizations.
Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) by Diopatra claparedii Grube, 1878 (Polychaeta: Onuphidae) and Its Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Piong Chong Huai , Harun Noor Aniza , Ee Pei Angeline Ung , Masimen Mohammad Asyraf Adhwa , Wan Ismail Wan Iryani , Idris Izwandy
Published: June 2021

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained attention as it possesses outstanding physicochemical properties, and utilised in variety of applications especially in biomedical and pharmaceutical. Majorly, AuNPs are produced by conventional methods (chemical and physical). However, these methods bring several drawbacks such as toxic, hazardous, low yield and non-environmental friendly. Hence, biosynthesis of AuNPs that compliance with ‘greener’ approach becomes vitals. In this study, marine tube worm of Diopatra claparedii (polychaetes) was employed as reducing agent in the biosynthesis of AuNPs. The biosynthesised of AuNPs by D. claparedii extract was successfully prepared under ambient temperature and normal atmospheric conditions. The formation of AuNPS was confirmed by the appearance of surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) bands around 540 to 560 nm characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the AuNPs are mostly in agglomerated spherical like shapes with size ranging from 100 to 400 nm. Meanwhile, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the particles are in the size range from 25 to 60 nm, also mainly form in spherical like shape. The particle size of AuNPs in a range of 50-100 nm was showed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of D. claparedii extract indicated the existence of several functional groups. Biosynthesised AuNPs also successfully gave inhibition on bacterial growth (Staphyloccus aureus, S. epidermidis, Escheratia coli, Salmonella typhi) through antibacterial assessment.
Ascites in A Patient with Hairy Cell Leukaemia and Carcinoma of Breast: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Thu Nyunt Wint Wint , Md Nor Azian Naila Binti , Abdul Karim Noralisa , Tang Yee Loong , S Abdul Wahid S Fadilah , Tumian Nor Rafeah
Published: June 2021

Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) is a rare indolent B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. We report a diagnostic challenge in detecting the cause of ascites, which is a rare, unique manifestation of HCL. A 72-year-old lady presented with 1-month-history of pain in left upper abdomen and loss of weight. There was hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy, anaemia, and lymphocytosis. She was diagnosed as HCL, based on morphology, immunophenotyping of peripheral blood and bone marrow biopsy examination. In 2009, she was diagnosed as carcinoma of breast when she presented with a mass in left breast; and she received treatment. For HCL, she received intermittent chemotherapy (Chlorambucil+Prednisolone). Her HCL was stable until 2018 when she presented with recurrent ascites which needed frequent, regular peritoneal paracentesis. Since she had HCL and carcinoma of breast, determining the aetiology of ascites was challenging. Possible causes of her ascites included metastatic carcinoma of breast, HCL, cirrhosis of liver with portal hypertension and peritoneal tuberculosis. Cytology of peritoneal fluid showed mature-looking lymphocytes but no malignant cells. Interestingly, flow cytometry analysis of peritoneal fluid showed the presence of clonal B cell population with lambda light chain restriction. Therefore, it was concluded that her ascites was a manifestation of HCL. A few months later, she succumbed to septicaemia. Impact of ascites on disease course of HCL included rapid disease progression, poor prognosis and shortened survival. We highlight the important role of immunophenotyping in addition to cytomorphology to guide us in confirming the aetiology of ascites in a patient with haematological and solid organ malignancies.
Study on the Mechanism of Ginkgo Seeds in Treating Bronchitis by Network Pharmacology
Authors: Wu Tingting , Zhang Lihu , Li Dongdong , Wu Tao , Jiang Yan , Zhao Linguo
Published: June 2021

In recent years, with the global environmental deterioration and air pollution, the incidence of bronchitis has increased year by year, and the sales of anti-bronchitis drugs are growing rapidly, mainly due to the long treatment cycle and the difficulty of curing. Developing available traditional Chinese medicines with significant curative effect against bronchitis would be a promising strategy; for instance, Ginkgo seeds, as the fruit of natural plant ginkgo, has been used in ancient times to cure coughs. However, the detailed mechanism of curing cough has not been shown yet. Investigate the mechanism of Ginkgo Semen in the treatment of bronchitis by establishing a series of molecular networks including active ingredients-targets, proteins interactions, biological functions, pathway, and biological processes of targets. In this study, the main active ingredients of Ginkgo seeds and the potential targets related to bronchitis could be obtained by retrieving corresponding database. The molecular docking study between active molecules and protein targets was performed by Glide 6.6. Subsequently, a total of forty potential targets were manually selected. Based on this, the ingredients-target network was constructed using Cytoscape software, as well as proteins interactions network combing with the String database. Finally, the molecular biological function, metabolic pathway, and biological processes of these forty targets were analyzed by Clue GO plug-in. The results indicated that these protein targets were closely related to lipid transport, positive regulation of DNA replication, cAMP metabolic pathway, and other processes, which played a vital role in the treatment of bronchitis by mediating interleukin 17, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, asthma, renin secretion, p53, and other signaling pathways. Among these targets, the two protein ALB (Albumin) and DHRS2 (Dehydrogenase 2) can interact with compounds more frequently, and the top three compounds ranked by the docking scores were amentoflavone, (+)-catechin-5-O-glucoside, and liquiritin, implying that these compounds might be used for the treatment of bronchitis. It is obvious that the pharmacological effect of Ginkgo seeds on bronchitis displayed a characteristic of multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways. Nevertheless, the two protein targets and three compounds derived from Ginkgo seeds could be further used for the explanation for Ginkgo seeds in curing bronchitis. This research can provide a scientific basis for studying on the anti-bronchitis mechanism of Ginkgo seeds.
Comparison of the Antioxidant Activity of Malaysian Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Extracts with that of Selected Natural Products and its Effect on the Viability of Myoblast Cells in Culture
Authors: Mohd Sahardi Nur Fatin Nabilah , Jaafar Faizul , Zakaria Siti Nor Asyikin , Tan Jen Kit , Mad Nordin Mariam Firdhaus , Makpol Suzana
Published: June 2021

Ginger has been proven to possess various therapeutic effects, including antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, data on the comparison of ginger antioxidant activity with that of other natural products are still lacking. This study aimed to analyse and compare the antioxidant properties of two types of Malaysian ginger extracts (GE1 and GE2) with that of selected natural products. The antioxidant activities were measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, while cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfonyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. The order of the DPPH scavenging activities was as follows: vitamin C > palm tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) > á-tocopherol > N-acetylcysteine (NAC) > Ficus deltoidea > butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) > Centella asiatica > GE2 > GE1 > Moringa oleifera > Kelulut honey; the order of the mean FRAP value was as follows: NAC > á-tocopherol > BHT > TRF > Ficus deltoidea > Moringa oleifera > GE2 = GE1 > Centella asiatica > Kelulut honey. The viability assays showed that both ginger extracts significantly increased the percentage of viable cells (p < 0.05). In conclusion, neither of the ginger extracts was cytotoxic toward cells and both possessed comparable antioxidant properties, indicating their potential for ameliorating oxidative stress.
Morphologic Evaluations of Hypoglossal Canal using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Duman Şuayip Burak , Seyrek Mehmet , Yaşa Yasin , Gümüşsoy İsmail , Dedeoğlu Numan , Bayrakdar İbrahim Şevki
Published: June 2021

Hypoglossal canal (HC) which begins from very slightly above the inner part of the anterolateral portion of the foramen magnum and is located above the occipital condyle of the occipital bone. The aim of this study is to examine HC morphology and variations using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The morphology and types of HC were investigated with 303 CBCT images (606 side). Type 1 variation in 606 HC examined becomes the most commonly observed type (57.3%) while type 5 variation was the least common type of variation (0.8%). Type 1 HC was statistically higher in males (p=0.004). Because of HC, which is an anthropologically important point and enters the field of images in CBCT scan, it is recommended that dental radiologists should be aware of their variations and be wary of the pathologies that may occur in this region.
INDIVISIBLE AGAINST TRUMP: COALITION STRATEGIES AND MOVEMENT SUCCESS ACROSS CITY CONTEXTS
Authors: Corrigall-Brown Catherine
Published: June 2021

Coalitions can be critical to social movement success. This article compares thirty-five Indivisible groups founded after the 2017 Women’s March in ten U.S. cities. Through analysis of Facebook pages and interviews with activists, I find that groups that work more often in coalition mobilize more events and are more likely to survive. In cities with long histories of activism, groups tend to engage in more coalitions and a particular type of deep coalition work I call “supercoalitions” that strategically coordinate across a city and work to accumulate and channel resources to pre-existing organizations. In cities without long histories of activism, groups are less likely to engage in coalitions. However, when they do, they tend to organize into broad civil society coalitions that bring together a diversity of political and nonpolitical actors which can be very successful over time. This analysis highlights how coalitions are shaped by local political context.
UNIDIRECTIONAL COUPLED FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION OF THERMOELASTIC TCP-DISPLACEMENT THROUGH MILLING PROCESS CAUSED HEAT LOAD
Authors:   Chemnitz University of Technology, Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes, Chemnitz, Germany, Brier S. , Regel J. ,   Chemnitz University of Technology, Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes, Chemnitz, Germany, Putz M. ,   Chemnitz University of Technology, Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes, Chemnitz, Germany, Dix M. ,   Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU, Chemnitz, Germany
Published: June 2021

The paper presents a numerical simulation of thermal induced tool displacement during milling oper-ation. An unidirectional finite element model is developed which consists of two sections. A CFX model and a thermal transient model. With the aid of CFX module, the conjugated heat transfer be-tween milling tool and coolant fluid is described. The result of these efforts is the body temperature field of the end mill cutter due to thermal load, which is the thermal fingerprint of the cutting process. Subsequently the calculated body temperature field is linked with a transient-structural module to cal-culate the resulting thermal elastic displacement of the milling cutter. The thermo-elastic displace-ment of the tool is determined by examining a pilot node at the tip of the end mill, whose displace-ment is calculated in relation to the global coordinate system of the model.
SOLVING TRANSIENT INVERSE HEAT TRANSFER PROBLEMS IN COMPLEX GEOMETRIES USING PHYSICS-GUIDED NEURAL NETWORKS (PGNN)
Authors:   RWTH Aachen University, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL, Aachen, Germany, Emonts D. , Yang J. ,   RWTH Aachen University, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL, Aachen, Germany, Schmitt R. H. ,   RWTH Aachen University, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL, Aachen, Germany
Published: June 2021

Temporally and spatially unstable thermal conditions lead to transient or inhomogeneous thermo-elastic behavior of workpieces during manufacturing or geometric inspection. Temperature monitoring by means of sensors consign transient temperature fields, but do not yield information about the heat flow acting as thermal boundary condition, which is a relevant input parameter for nearly any thermal simulation. Addressing the need for efficient methods, the authors propose an approach to solve inverse heat transfer problems in complex geometries. In the presented study, locally acting heat loads are experimentally investigated based on virtual demonstrators running in FEM. The conducted method shows high potential for transient heat flow modelling in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency.
EXAMINATION OF COOLING SYSTEMS IN MACHINE TOOLS REGARDING SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND CONTROL STRATEGIES
Authors:   Technical University Dresden, Chair of Fluid- Mechatronic Systems, Dresden, Germany, Steiert C. , Weber Ju. ,   Technical University Dresden, Chair of Fluid- Mechatronic Systems, Dresden, Germany, Weber J. ,   Technical University Dresden, Chair of Fluid- Mechatronic Systems, Dresden, Germany
Published: June 2021

Abstract When analyzing machine tools it is observable that despite sufficient cooling capacity thermo-elastic deformation of the machine structure is badly compensated due to heat input. The reason is the missing adaption of coolant and heat input into the system structure during the process, resulting in insufficient productivity and quality. In this paper, various system configurations are shown that can be used to achieve both adequate thermal performance and a reduction in energy consumption.
THERMAL ASYMMETRY ANALYSIS OF MOTORIZED SPINDLES
Authors:   University of Applied Sciences Wuerzburg-Schweinfurt, Laboratory of Machine Tools, Schweinfurt, Germany, Koch L. , Steinbock N. ,   University of Applied Sciences Wuerzburg-Schweinfurt, Laboratory of Machine Tools, Schweinfurt, Germany, Krueger G. ,   University of Applied Sciences Wuerzburg-Schweinfurt, Laboratory of Machine Tools, Schweinfurt, Germany
Published: June 2021

This paper presents a method to quantify and reduce thermal asymmetry of motorized spindles. Thermal asymmetry leads to angular and radial deflections at the tool center point. In contrast to simple thermal expansion issues, these effects are harder to compensate. Therefore, the causes of the asymmetries should preferably be evident in the construction phase. This paper introduces a newly developed mathematical formulation to quantify thermal asymmetry. Thermal asymmetry is observed along the longitudinal axis of a motorized spindle. The formulation quantifies thermal asymmetries as a difference of a geometrical centroid and a newly introduced thermal centroid. For this analysis, several motor spindles with different fluid cooling circulation systems were observed. In order to show the legitimacy of the formulation, the spindle’s calculated thermal asymmetries are compared with their respective radial tool center point displacements. The results show that the asymmetries correlate with the displacements. Furthermore, the quantification of the thermal asymmetry actually allows to locate its causes. In motor spindles the asymmetry is mostly caused by the complex fluid circulation system. The spindle with the worst cooling circulation showed a radial displacement of 26,32 µm. Through thermal asymmetry optimization of the circulation’s heat transfer, the displacement could be reduced to 0,66 µm. The developed method is not limited to motorized spindles. It will be investigated further to develop a generally valid formulation.
THERMAL INFLUENCE ON THE SURFACE INTEGRITY DURING SINGLE-LIP DEEP HOLE DRILLING OF STEEL COMPONENTS
Authors:   TU Dortmund University, Institute of Machining Technology (ISF), Dortmund, Germany, Nickel J. , Baak N. ,   TU Dortmund University, Department of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), Dortmund, Germany, Volke P. ,   TU Dortmund University, Institute of Machining Technology (ISF), Dortmund, Germany, Walther F. ,   TU Dortmund University, Department of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), Dortmund, Germany, Biermann D. ,   TU Dortmund University, Institute of Machining Technology (ISF), Dortmund, Germany
Published: June 2021

The thermomechanical load on the workpiece surface during the machining process strongly influences its surface integrity and the resulting fatigue strength of the components. In single-lip drilling, the measurement of the mechanical load using dynamometers is well established, but the thermal interactions between the tool and the workpiece material in the surface area are difficult to determine with conventional test setups. In this paper, the development and implementation of an in-process measurement of the thermal load on the bore subsurface is presented. The experimental setup includes a two-color ratio pyrometer in combination with thermocouples, which enable temperature measurement on the tool’s cutting edge as well as in the bore subsurface. In combination, a force measurement dynamometer for measuring the occurring force and torque is used. Thus, the influence of different cutting parameter variations on the thermomechanical impact on the bore surface can be evaluated.
MODEL ORDER REDUCTION METHODS FOR COUPLED MACHINE TOOL MODELS
Authors:   TU Chemnitz, Faculty of Mathematics, Chemnitz, Germany, Vettermann J. , Sauerzapf S. ,   TU Dresden, Institute of Solid Mechanics, Chair of Dynamics and Mechanism Design, Dresden, Germany, Naumann A. ,   TU Chemnitz, Faculty of Mathematics, Chemnitz, Germany, Beitelschmidt M. ,   TU Dresden, Institute of Solid Mechanics, Chair of Dynamics and Mechanism Design, Dresden, Germany, Herzog R. ,   TU Dresden, Institute of Solid Mechanics, Chair of Dynamics and Mechanism Design, Dresden, Germany, Benner P. ,   Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany, Saak J. ,   Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany
Published: June 2021

Thermal effects are the most dominant source for displacements in machine tools and thus work-piece inaccuracies during the manufacturing process. A promising strategy to meet the ever-increasing accuracy requirements is the use of predictive models for, e.g., parameter and design op-timizations or online correction of the thermally induced error at the tool center point (TCP) in the pro-duction process. However, these techniques require fast but precise simulations. The need for high model accuracy is in direct contrast to the desired real-time capabilities. Model order reduction (MOR) is an attractive tool to overcome this problem. A modeling toolchain, which is tailored for the effective construction of fast and accurate models is proposed and demonstrated, emphasizing the involved MOR step.