bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Impact of COVID-19
on Digital Payments in Azerbaijan
Authors: Taghiyev Khayaladdin R. , Rustamov Tamerlan H. , Taghiyev Murad
Published: July 2022

The COVID19 pandemic, which has lasted for more than a year, has had a significant impact on the
economies of the world's countries and economic relations between them. One of the most specific features of
the pandemic is the minimization of physical contact and the establishment of relationships at a distance. In
such circumstances, we considered it expedient to analyze the impact of the pandemic on digital payments in
the Republic of Azerbaijan. As it is known, digital payments are mainly carried out remotely in electronic
form, in this regard, the pandemic creates favorable conditions for expanding the use of digital payments, but
on the one hand leads to the contraction of the economy. That is why the article first analyzes the current
situation and infrastructure opportunities for digital payments in Azerbaijan, and examines the situation
in the ecosystem in this regard. Also, payment card transactions before and after the pandemic period, noncash payments, e-commerce transactions, transactions through exchange systems and e-banking services, and
key macroeconomic indicators were compared. However, it was defined whether the pandemic will affect
digital payments. At the same time, the impact of the pandemic on digital payments in international practice
has been studied and the situation in several countries has been studied. In the end, the results obtained on
the basis of the analysis are presented in the conclusion section of the article.
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis pada Berbagai Populasi Gulma Chloris barbata (Poaceae)
Authors: Kefi Andreas , Guntoro Dwi , Santosa Edi
Published: July 2022

Rumput cakar ayam (Chloris barbata Sw.) merupakan gulma dominan pada pertanaman jagung di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) yang masih jarang diteliti. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh populasi C. barbata pada tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian dilakukan pada Oktober 2019 sampai Januari 2020 di Kebun IPB Cikabayan, Bogor, Indonesia menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima ulangan. Benih jagung ditanam pada lima populasi C. barbata yaitu 0 (tanpa gulma), 15, 30, 45, dan 60 individu per polibag berukuran 30 cm x 30 cm yang diisi media 5 kg. Biji gulma diperoleh dari lahan petani di Kabupaten Kupang, NTT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gulma memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung. Kehadiran gulma menekan tinggi dan bobot kering (BK) tanaman jagung mulai 4 minggu setelah tanam (MST). Pada 4 MST, populasi 15 individu menekan tinggi tanaman dan 30 individu menekan BK total tanaman jagung. Populasi 15 individu menekan diameter batang, luas dan lebar daun, kehijauan daun, dan BK total tanaman jagung, sedangkan jumlah dan panjang daun menurun oleh perlakuan 30 individu pada 8 MST. Bobot tongkol dengan dan tanpa klobot, serta panjang tongkol berkurang oleh perlakuan 45 individu per polibag yakni menjadi sebesar 48.3%, 49.0%, dan 77.7% relatif terhadap kontrol. Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut mekanisme penghambatan C. barbata pada tanaman jagung.

Kata kunci: alelopati, jagung, kompetisi, Nusa Tenggara Timur, rumput cakar ayam
Respons Ketahanan Sumberdaya Genetik Lokal Cabai (Capsicum frutescens L. dan Capsicum annuum L.) terhadap Infeksi Virus Daun Keriting Kuning
Authors: Andarwening Freestina , Sobir  , Deden Derajat Matra
Published: July 2022

Virus daun keriting kuning merupakan penyakit utama pada cabai dan menjadi penyebab kehilangan hasil cukup besar. Penggunaan genotipe tahan menjadi salah satu cara efektif untuk mengendalikan penyakit ini. Perakitan genotipe tahan penyakit dilakukan melalui serangkaian proses pemuliaan tanaman, diawali dengan identifikasi terhadap sumber materi genetik potensial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi respons ketahanan 10 genotipe cabai rawit (C. frutescens L.) dan 4 genotipe cabai besar (C. annuum L.) koleksi Pusat Kajian Hortikultura Tropika (PKHT) untuk memperoleh kandidat tanaman tahan. Penanaman dan inokulasi dilakukan di rumah kaca kebun percobaan Tajur, dan deteksi keberadaan virus dilakukan di laboratorium molekuler PKHT dengan metode amplifikasi DNA menggunakan degenerate primers Begomovirus SPG1 dan SPG2. Konfirmasi molekuler menunjukkan bahwa genotipe tanaman yang diuji terinfeksi virus daun keriting kuning. Berdasarkan nilai keparahan penyakit (KP), genotipe CB-EL dikategorikan tanaman tahan dengan nilai KP sebesar 8.89% dan periode inkubasi terlama, 21-50 hari. Genotipe CB-BA dan CB-BJ dengan nilai KP sebesar 13.33%, CB-CA dan PKHT-1 (15.56%), CR-SA dan PKHT-7 (17.78%) dan PKHT-6 (20.00%) masuk pada kategori tanaman agak tahan. Tingkat keparahan penyakit dan insidensi penyakit memiliki nilai duga heritabilitas arti luas sebesar 0.47 dan 0.61, masing-masing termasuk kategori sedang dan tinggi.

Kata kunci: Bemisia tabaci, genotipe, heritabilitas, keparahan penyakit, seleksi
Potensi Hasil Benih Padi Hibrida pada Tiga Galur CMS dengan Sumber Sitoplasma yang Berbeda
Authors: Bayu Pramono Wibowo  , Bambang Sapta Purwoko  , Willy Bayuardi Suwarno  , Indrastuti Apri Rumanti
Published: July 2022

Padi hibrida F1 dihasilkan dari persilangan antara galur mandul jantan/cytoplasmic male sterile (GMJ/CMS) dan galur pemulih kesuburan (restorer/R). Kalinga dan Gambiaca adalah tipe galur CMS yang berhasil dikembangkan di Indonesia selain tipe Wild Abortive (WA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh tetua betina dengan sumber sitoplasma berbeda terhadap hasil benih padi hibrida pada 30 kombinasi padi hibrida baru. Percobaan dilakukan di BB Padi Subang, Jawa Barat pada MK 2021, menggunakan rancangan faktorial tiga galur CMS disilangkan dengan sepuluh restorer, dimana terdapat sepuluh ulangan untuk CMS dan tiga ulangan untuk restorer. Analisis ragam komponen hasil dan hasil dilakukan terpisah untuk CMS dan restorer mengikuti model linier rancangan faktor tunggal. Rata-rata hasil benih pada CMS GMJ15A tipe Gambiaca (1.03 ton ha-1) setara dengan GMJ12A tipe Wild Abortive (0.85 ton ha-1) dan nyata lebih tinggi dari GMJ14A tipe Kalinga (0.51 ton ha-1), sedangkan restorer terbaik adalah PK90 (1.36 ton ha-1). Tinggi tanaman, jumlah gabah isi per malai, dan tingkat silang alami memiliki korelasi positif dan nyata terhadap hasil benih padi hibrida. Galur CMS tipe sitoplasma Gambiaca dapat menjadi alternatif tetua betina padi hibrida di Indonesia.

Kata kunci: pemulih kesuburan, produksi benih, silang alami
Pertimbangan Pelanggan Terhadap Keinginan Membeli (Purchase Intention) Motor Listrik
Authors: Reza Bastari Imran Watimea Mungki Septian Romas Sri Martini
Published: July 2022

Transportasi merupakan kegiatan dengan konsumsi energi fosil terbesar. Hal tersebut berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Sehingga perlu dilakukan konversi sumber energi yang dapat diperbaharui dalam kegiatan transportasi. Energi listrik adalah energi alternatif yang dapat digunakan dalam transportasi. PT HEIN Indonesia merupakan salah satu perusahaan teknologi kendaraan listrik. PT HEIN Indonesia melakukan kerja sama dengan pemerintah untuk mendukung konversi energi listrik. Beberapa pegawai pemerintah dari kota Bandung dan unit pelaksana Kementerian Perindustrian diberikan pengalaman berkendara menggunakan motor listrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perilaku penggunaan motor listrik dalam dimensi kepuasan penggunaan secara umum dan penilaian purchase intention produk motor listrik. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah lingkungan (environment), kemudahan penggunaan (user friendly), dan kesadaran berkendara (awareness). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner google form. Analisis data menggunakan alat SEM PLS untuk mendapatkan validasi model penelitian dan nilai purchase intention dari variabel penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku penggunaan motor listrik memiliki nilai indikator di atas 4,0 yang menandakan setuju sampai sangat setuju terhadap penggunaan motorlistrik. Nilai terbesar pada rataan variabel lingkungan. Hal ini menyatakan bahwa pengguna motor listrik akan lebih berorientasi terhadap lingkungan. Berdasarkan uji t menunjukkan bahwa variabel kemudahan penggunaan (user friendly) menjadi variabel yang berpengaruh dalam penentuan purchase intention hasil nilai thit sebesar 7,109 daripada nilai ttabel sebesar 1,99 pada n sebanyak 78. Kata Kunci: Teknologi Transportasi, energi alternatif, motor listrik, purchase intention
Model Pemilihan Moda serta Potensi Penggunaan Angkutan Umum dan Non Motorized Transport pada Masa New Normal Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Destria Rahmita Pipit Rusmandani Nurul Fitriani
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui indikator yang berpengaruh dalam pemilihan moda di masa new normal covid-19, mengetahui hubungan antar variabel dalam pemilihan moda di masa new normal covid-19, serta mengetahui persepsi potensi penggunaan angkutan umum, sepeda dan berjalan kaki di Kota Semarang pada masa new normal covid-19. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan Analisis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) PLS. Indikator dalam penelitian ini yaitu pedapatan, kepemilikan kendaraan, menjaga jarak, menghindari kerumunan, bekerja, pemilihan mobil dan angkutan online mobil untuk beraktivitas di masa new normal, indikator persepsi untuk penggunaan angkutan umum, indikator untuk penggunaan sepeda dan berjalan kaki. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristk sosial ekonomi (KSE) berpengaruh positif terhadap pemilihan moda di masa new normal covid-19 dan perilaku menjaga diri dari covid-19 sedangkan terhadap persepsi penggunaan sepeda dan berjalan kaki berpengaruh negatif (signifikan pada 0,05) Hubungan maksud perjalanan terhadap perilaku perlindungan diri dari covid-19 berpengaruh positif dimana orang melakukan perjalanan berkerja hal yang meraka lakukan yaitu mengindari kerumunan dan menjaga jarak. Pemilihan moda di masa new normal Covid-19 mengindikasikan bahwa model moderate dengan R Square 0,359. Persepsi penggunaan sepeda dan berjalan kaki, perilaku perlindungan diri dari covid-19 memiliki nilai prediktif yang baik sehingga dapat dijadikan untuk mengembangan model dan indikator yang lain yang dapat mempengaruhi variabel tersebut. Hasil Penelitian ini sangat diperlukan untuk dapat memberi masukan terkait dengan penataan kebijakan penyelenggaraan transportasi di Kota Semarang. Kata Kunci: Pandemic Covid-19, Moda Choice, Sustainable Transport
Kinerja Lalu Lintas dan Geometri Jalan Terhadap Keselamatan pada Simpang Bersinyal
Authors: Wildi Kusumasari Eka Mariati Wisnu Hariadi
Published: July 2022

Permasalahan transportasi yang menyangkut keselamatan pengguna jalan adalah permasalahan kecelakaan lalu lintas. Kejadian kecelakaan lalu lintas pada bulan Januari 2022 di Simpang Rapak merupakan salah satu kejadian kecelakaan yang menimbulkan banyak kerugian materi maupun nyawa. Kondisi geometri jalan pada salah satu lengan Simpang Rapak merupakan pertemuan antaran turunan atau tanjakan dengan simpang bersinyal yang dilengkapi bundaran sehingga menyebabkan isu jarak pandang dan masalah operasional kendaraan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kondisi geometri dan kinerja Simpang Rapak. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis geometri, analisis jarak pengereman, dan analisis simpang bersinyal. Indikator yang diukur meliputi panjang ruas jalan, panjang antrian, jarak pengereman, dan jarak pandang henti. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara umum nilai kombinasi antara panjang antrian dan jarak pengereman kendaraan berat(564 meter) apabila dibandingkan dengan panjang ruas jalan yang diteliti (511 meter) tidaklah memenuhi syarat aman. Kata Kunci: Geometri Jalan, Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas, Simpang Bersinyal
Analysis of Computer Aided Process Planning Techniques
Authors: Saleh Salim A.
Published: July 2022

Computer Aided Process Planning ( CAPP) has been recognized as playing a key role in Computer Integrated Manufacturing ( CIM ). It was used as a bridge to link CAD with CAM systems, in order to give the possibility of full integration in agreement with computer engineering to introduce CIM. The benefits of CAPP in the real industrial environment are still to be achieved. Due to different manufacturing applications, many different CAPP systems have been developed. The development of CAPP techniques needs to a summarized classification and a descriptive analysis. This paper presents the most important and famous techniques for the available CAPP systems, which are based on the variant, generative or semi-generative methods, and a descriptive analysis of their application possibilities.
Numerical Validation on The Performance of A Two Dimensional Curved Diffuser
Authors: Hamada Khalaf I.
Published: July 2022

This paper deals with the investigation of the characteristic of subsonic viscous flow through a curved diffuser numerically with commercial code for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Fluent Inc. version 6.3. The diffuser flow is a two-dimensional, turbulent, incompressible and fully developed. The investigations are based on the Spalart-Allmaras turbulent model. A 2-D quadrilateral grid is generated by the grid generator GAMBIT. Obtained results are compared with the available experimental data and found to give good agreement. The effects of curvature angle, area ratio and adding tail channel with constant area on the diffuser performance and flow pattern are studied and revealed by the pressure contour, velocity vector, and variation of the pressure recovery factor for all above mentioned parameters.
An Investigation of Leakage Current and Partial Discharge For Various Overhead Insulators
Authors: Hussein Arkan A. , Kalif Thiear M. , Salah Sabah S.
Published: July 2022

High voltage insulators used in various overhead forms are exposed to leakage current and partial discharge. This work deals with different structure forms of insulator, such as (pin post, clamp top and tie top). These structures are applied in different tests, as covered and stripped states. The leakage current for these forms were measured by raising the insulator voltage to (5.25, 6.35, 7.57 kV) for covered and stripped state. Partial discharges were determined in covered and stripped state of these insulator forms using (straight and balanced detection method). Pin post insulators have a leakage current and electric field larger than both clamp top and tie top. The clamp top and tie top insulator show almost the same value of leakage current measurements. The stripped conductors always produce large partial discharge than covered conductor.
Speed Control of DC Motor using AC/AC/DC Converter Based on Intelligent Techniques
Authors: Antar Rakan K.
Published: July 2022

This paper describes the application of ac/ac/dc and ac/dc converters to control the speed of a separately excited DC motor. Artificial neural network and PI controller are trained to select the desired values of firing angles for triggering thyristors of the ac/ac/dc and ac/dc bridge converters in order to control the speed of the dc motor at a desired value with constant and different load torques in order to obtain the best speed response. Simulation results show that the rising time for ac/dc and ac/ac/dc converters at 250rpm are reduced about 79% and 89% respectively, while delay time it reduced about 69% and 64% respectively. Therefore, speed response of the dc motor is more efficient for closed loop system compared with open loop also the response of ac/ac/dc converter is better than ac/dc converter.
Investigating the Matrix Geometry Shape Effects on the performance of the Rotary Heat Exchanger in the Dorah Power Plant
Authors: Ibraheem Thamer K.
Published: July 2022

The present study is a theoretical investigation for the effects of several types of metal matrix for the rotary heat exchanger. Numerical analysis is used to analyze the parameters of the original matrix and compare them with those of the new three matrix: A metal matrix with a wave of (Corrugated Flat), a wave of ( Notched Flat ) , and tube matrix . The studied parameters included: temperature distribution of the combustion air , exhaust gases; heat transfer, pressure drop, heat elements, and surface area. It was seen that rate temperature of the burned air for the original matrix was 157.1 oC which is lower than that of TM and CF matrix by 14 % and 7.9 % respectively; and higher than that of the NF matrix by 1.6%. The temperatures of the exhaust gases increase during the cooling period with the increase of length of the heat exchanger. The mean temperature of exhaust gases for the original matrix was 296.6 oC which is higher than that of the TM and CF matrix by 3.7 % and 1.81 respectively; and lower than of the TM by 3.33%. The TM matrix has a heat transfer and pressure drop higher than the others. This is because the heat transfer coefficients of CF and NF matrix are lower than that of TM matrix by 8.2 % and 10.1 % respectively. The pressure drops for CF and NF matrix are lower by 45% and 53% respectively. The heat elements of TM matrix is higher than CF and NF by 65.4% and 76% respectively. The surface area decreases with the increase of cell number for all the types. TM matrix has the highest surface area. It is larger than that of CF and NF by 17.6% and 25% respectively.
Impact of External and Internal Factors on the Behavior of Extended Aeration Activated Sludge Process
Authors: Sheet Waleed M. , Salman Bassam M.
Published: July 2022

The Behavior of an extended aeration activated sludge process was studied. Factors that might affect the performance of such process were also investigated. Three basins, each consisted of two parts one for aeration and the other for sedimentation were employed. Required tests and results analysis were made. It was found that removal efficiency of dissolved organic matter was limited to F/M ratio. The study revealed that such treatment was capable of treating variable characteristics wastes. The supernatant leaving secondary sedimentation was found to attain constant characteristics irrespective of variable influent. The results show that the maximum overall COD removal efficiency occur at hydraulic detention time equal to 23 h, 80% of SVI value was less than 125 ml/gm and the minimum SVI occur at F/M equal to 0.387 day-1 while the effluent SS increase with SVI decrease.
Experimental Study of the Effect of Octane Number on the Performance Coefficients of the Two Strokes Spark Ignition Engine
Authors: Jasim Ra’ed R.
Published: July 2022

The experiments had been carried out using two stroke, single cylinder type (TD113), with compression ratio of (7.3:1) Coupled to hydraulic dynamometer type (TD115). The results showed that there is enhancement of the engine performance with increasing octane number. This appears clearly when comparing the results of performance with fuel of 75 and 95 octane number. The torque increases 10% at speed of 2750 RPM. The break power also increases 18% when the octane number changed from 75 to 95 at 3000 RPM of engine speed. The same change in octane number will increase the thermal efficiency by 9% at 2300 RPM of engine speed. The break specific fuel consumption decreases at the same ratio of thermal efficiency 9% but at 2400 RPM. The less fuel consumption happens at 2400 RPM for octane number 95.
Estimation of Daily Potential Evapotranspiration Using Pan Evaporation Class A for Mosul Region
Authors: Al-ani Iftekhar A. , Abid Muzahim M. , Jaqub Alaa A.
Published: July 2022

Abstract FAO Penman – Montetih is the most important ideal method for the estimation of daily potential evapotranspiration in many studies all over the world including Iraq. The objective of this study is to estimate daily potential evapotranspiration using the data of pan evaporation Class A for Mosul Region. A second degree relation is obtained with correlation coefficient of (0.92). This relation is tested and compared with other methods related to our recent study using different statistical criteria. The results showed high credibility. Therefore, it is recommend to use this method within Mousl Region, instead of using complicated equations which need many climatic information that might be unavailable.
Kreativitas Guru dalam Mengelola Kelas untuk Mengatasi Kejenuhan Belajar Siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri
Authors: Tanjung Wisudatul Ummi , Namora Dian
Published: July 2022

Kreativitas guru dalam mengelola kelas sangatlah penting karena akan mengembangkan keberhasilan guru dalam mengatasi kejenuhan belajar siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kreativitas guru bidang studi Pendidikan Islam dalam mengelola kelas untuk mengatasi kejenuhan belajar di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri dan juga untuk mengetahui gejala kejenuhan belajar yang dihadapi oleh siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus. Subyek penelitian ini adalah guru bidang studi Fiqih 2 orang, al-Qur’an Hadits 2 orang, Akidah Akhlak 2 orang, dan Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam 2 orang dan juga 6 siswa yang mengikuti materi pembelajaran Pendidikan Islam. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kreativitas guru dalam mengelola kelas untuk mengatasi kejenuhan belajar siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri ada lima point temuan, yaitu: 1) pengecekan situasi dan kondisi siswa guna untuk memahami dan memastikan bahwa para siswa nyaman dan senang dalam mengikuti pembelajaran, 2) guru juga memanfaatkan media pembelajaran dengan baik dalam pembelajaran, 3) guru penata lingkungan belajar dengan baik, 4) mengembangkan strategi pengajaran, 5) dan strategi pemberian motivasi. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan sumbangsi kepada guru-guru untuk meninjau ulang kembali terhadap keadaan dan kondisi yang dialami siswa saat kegiatan belajar mengajar sedang berlangsung dalam menghandle kelas.
Les petits cailloux de Simon Jeanjean
Authors: Péchenart Jean
Published: July 2022

L’objet de mon travail a été principalement de reconstituer la vie d’un inconnu remarquable, Simon Jeanjean, et de sa famille. De lui je n’avais au départ qu’un souvenir remontant à ma prime jeunesse. Lorrain d’origine et parisien de Ménilmontant, il traversa deux guerres mondiales. Fervent catholique, il fut un militant très actif – chrétien, syndical, politique et résistant – ce que j’ignorais. Ses archives, très riches, ont été données à l’Université de Limoges, puis largement répertoriées et numérisées. Elles sont constituées, entre autres documents, de nombreuses images photographiques : correspondance sur cartes postales de 14-18 et albums de photos de famille. Le présent récit est chronologique, en 20 chapitres. L’histoire de la famille Jeanjean prend racine au XIXe siècle à Metz et prend fin en 2014 avec la mort de Geneviève, la dernière des quatre filles de Simon – sans descendance, car aucune d’elles, à son grand dam, ne se maria ni n’eut d’enfant. Geneviève était ma marraine, grande amie de ma mère depuis 1939. Mes souvenirs s’ajoutent aux siens et à ceux de sa sœur, recueillis avant la fin de leur vie au cours d’une interview, trame d’un roman familial attachant. Ensuite est venue la plongée dans les archives personnelles et familiales de Simon Jeanjean. Le discours historique, objectif et sourcé, se trouve d’ailleurs constamment débordé par une subjectivité requérant la première personne, tant est prégnante ici l’intrication entre le bagage humain et idéologique constituant les Jeanjean – d’abord marqué à droite pour Simon, puis se nuançant au fil du siècle et des générations – et le mien hérité de mes parents. Les nombreux points communs – éducation catholique, guerre, scoutisme, altruisme social – mais aussi toutes sortes de nuances entre leur histoire et la mienne, ne serait-ce que le décalage générationnel, ne laissent pas de m’interpeller et, je l’espère, de nous instruire.
Photoinduced Amyloid Fibril Degradation for Controlled Cell Patterning
Authors: Kaygisiz Kübra , Ender Adriana Maria , Gačanin Jasmina , Kaczmarek Lara Alix , Koutsouras Dimitrios A. , Nalakath Abin N. , Winterwerber Pia , Mayer Franz J. , Räder Hans-Joachim , Marszalek Tomasz , Blom Paul W. M. , Synatschke Christopher V. , Weil Tanja
Published: July 2022

Amyloid-like fibrils are a special class of self-assembling peptides that have emerged as a promising nanomaterial with rich bioactivity for applications such as cell adhesion and growth. Unlike the extracellular matrix, the intrinsically stable amyloid-like fibrils do not respond nor adapt to stimuli of their natural environment. Here, we designed a self-assembling motif (CKFKFQF), in which a photosensitive o-nitrobenzyl linker (PCL) was inserted. This peptide (CKFK-PCL-FQF) assembled into amyloid-like fibrils comparable to the unsubstituted CKFKFQF and revealed a strong response to UV-light. After UV irradiation, the secondary structure of the fibrils, fibril morphology and bioactivity were lost. Thus, coating surfaces with the pre-formed fibrils and exposing them to UV-light through a photomask generated well-defined areas with patterns of intact and destroyed fibrillar morphology. The unexposed, fibril-coated surface areas retained their ability to support cell adhesion in culture, in contrast to the light-exposed regions, where the cell-supportive fibril morphology was destroyed. Consequently, the photoresponsive peptide nanofibrils provide a facile and efficient way of cell patterning, exemplarily demonstrated for A549 cells. This study introduces photoresponsive amyloid-like fibrils as adaptive functional materials to precisely arrange cells on surface.
A ferromagnetically coupled pseudo-calixarene [Co16] wheel that self-assembles as a tubular network of capsules
Authors: Brechin Euan , Tsami Pinelopi , Tziotzi Thomais , Canaj Angelos , Singh Mukesh , Dalgarno Scott , Milios Constantinos
Published: July 2022

Reaction of Co(OAc)2·4H2O and Hsal in a basic MeCN solution affords the hexadecanuclear wheel [Co16(sal)16(OAc)16]·16MeCN (1·16MeCN) that displays ferromagnetic nearest neighbour exchange and has pseudo-calixarene character. Symmetry equivalent wheels self-assemble to form remarkable tubular networks of capsules in the extended structure.
Nickel-Catalyzed Electro-Reductive Cross-Coupling of Aliphatic Amides with Alkyl Halides as a Strategy for Dialkyl Ketone Synthesis: Scope and Mechanistic Investigations
Authors: Kerackian Taline , Bouyssi Didier , Pilet Guillaume , Médebielle Maurice , Monteiro Nuno , Vantourout Julien , Amgoune Abderrahmane
Published: July 2022

The development and in-depth study of a novel catalytic method relying on the combination of nickel catalysis and electrochemistry for the cross-electrophile coupling of alkyl amides with alkyl halides is described. This methodology takes advantages of the stability and simple access of N-acyl imides as coupling partners for the selective synthesis of dissymmetric dialkyl ketones. Noteworthy, the developed electrochemical protocol affords selective access to linear alkyl ketones when using primary alkyl bromides featuring different chain length. Mechanistic studies including cyclic voltammetry, stoichiometric reactions, and isolation of catalytic intermediates provide a set of fundamental insights into monovalent (bpy)nickel-mediated activation of alkyl halides and alkyl amides. Alkyl bromides react with electrogenerated (bpy)Ni(I) species via single-electron oxidation to give alkyl radicals. N-acyl imides are shown to undergo spontaneous C-N bond oxidative addition at both (bpy)Ni(0) and (bpy)Ni(I) species leading to Ni(II) acyl intermediates. A stable nickel(II) acyl complex has also been isolated and fully characterized, and its catalytic competency is demonstrated. Finally, electrogenerated (bpy)Ni(I)-acyl species are shown to react with both alkyl bromide and alkyl amides. Overall, these investigations allowed for a comprehensive mechanistic picture of this selective cross-electrophile coupling to be assembled.
Exposing the limitations of molecular machine learning with activity cliffs.
Authors: van Tilborg Derek , Alenicheva Alisa , Grisoni Francesca
Published: July 2022

Machine learning has become a crucial tool in drug discovery and chemistry at large, e.g., to predict molecular properties, such as bioactivity, with high accuracy. However, activity cliffs – pairs of molecules that are highly similar in their structure but exhibit large differences in potency – have been underinvestigated for their effect on model performance. Not only are these edge cases informative for molecule discovery and optimization, but models that are well-equipped to accurately predict the potency of activity cliffs have an increased potential for prospective applications. Our work aims to fill the current knowledge gap on best-practice machine learning methods in the presence of activity cliffs. We benchmarked a total of 720 machine and deep learning models on curated bioactivity data from 30 macromolecular targets for their performance on activity cliff compounds. While all methods struggled in the presence of activity cliffs, machine learning approaches based on molecular descriptors outperformed more complex deep learning methods. Our findings highlight large case-by-case differences in performance, advocating for (a) the inclusion of dedicated “activity-cliff-centered” metrics during model development and evaluation, and (b) the development of novel algorithms to better predict the properties of activity cliffs. To this end, the methods, metrics, and results of this study have been encapsulated into an open-access benchmarking platform named MoleculeACE (Activity Cliff Estimation, available on GitHub at: https://github.com/molML/MoleculeACE). MoleculeACE is designed to steer the community towards addressing the pressing but overlooked limitation of molecular machine learning models posed by activity cliffs.
Competitive Adsorption and Reaction at the Air-Water Interface studied by Iodide Ozonolysis in Microdroplets
Authors: Prophet Alexander , Wilson Kevin
Published: July 2022

The ozonolysis of iodide in seawater and sea-salt aerosol is a primary sink for ozone in the marine boundary layer and a major source of atmospheric iodine. While the chemical composition of the air/water interface has been shown to influence the overall chemistry in this system, it remains unclear to what extent the reaction occurs at the interface and how non-reactive solutes (i.e., surfactants and other salts) might alter the multiphase reaction mechanism of O3 with I-. Using a quadrupole electrodynamic trap (QET) and single-droplet paper-spray mass spectrometry, we examine the competition between solute adsorption and reaction at the air-water interface by measuring the ozonolysis kinetics of I- in aqueous microdroplets in the presence of surface-active chlorate ions (ClO3-). Iodide consumption kinetics depend upon both pH and the gas phase ozone concentration [O3], with a transition from zero to first-order kinetics (in [I-]) with increasing [O3]. To explain these observations, a kinetic model is constructed that accounts for reaction and mass-transport of both I- and O3 and the competitive adsorption of iodide and chlorate at the microdroplet surface. Under our experimental conditions the reaction occurs at the air-water interface, where significant depletion of both ozone and iodide produces the observed shift from zero to first order kinetics with increasing [O3]. Analytical expressions for surface concentrations are derived to accurately predict the reactive uptake coefficients obtained from experiments (γ = 2×10-4). These predictions are extended over a range of [O3] and [I-] to assess the impact of competitive adsorption on the multiphase reaction mechanism under more dilute reaction conditions.
La política económica neoclásica en América Latina: génesis y consecuencias de cuatro décadas perdidas en el desarrollo latinoamericano, 1980-2020
Authors: Sanchez-Masi Luis
Published: July 2022

El propósito de este artículo es examinar la efectividad de las políticas económicas basadas en principios neoclásicos que se han venido implementando en la gran mayoría de los países de América Latina a partir de la década de los ochenta. Desde entonces, la región ha ido perdiendo importancia relativa en el mundo. El rezago en las últimas “cuatro décadas perdidas” es bastante general y contundente. En lugar de eliminar las relaciones asimétricas entre países desarrollados y subdesarrollados, la evidencia histórica sugiere que la política económica neoclásica la perpetúa. En cambio, los países asiáticos que lograron ingresar al primer mundo aplicaron políticas y estrategias opuestas a los principios neoclásicos. Los análisis de Raúl Prebisch sobre la inconsistencia de la política económica neoclásica con la realidad de América Latina son hoy tan válidos como hace siete décadas. No obstante, para la gran mayoría de los economistas latinoamericanos es simplemente inconcebible que principios básicos de la teoría neoclásica puedan producir efectos adversos en los países subdesarrollados. América Latina debe repensar la política económica y la estrategia para alcanzar su desarrollo.
FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY AND DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ON WELFARE ANALYSIS
Authors: Agustin Grisvia , Abbas Muhammad Hasyim Ibnu , Dwiputri Inayati Nuraini , Prastiwi Lustina Fajar
Published: July 2022

Financial technology is very useful in facilitating financial transactions worldwide. It was created to make getting funds and managing finances easier, which can improve people’s welfare. However, it also poses a threat in the form of loans from financial technology lending companies that are not licensed and illegally operate so that customers can be bound by huge interest rates and terrorized by debt collectors. Therefore, this study aims to analyze literacy about financial technology and demographic factors that affect welfare. The analysis results show that most respondents are still ignorant or do not understand the benefits of fin-tech for improving their welfare, and the respondents’ welfare is only affected by age. Although 92% of respondents have savings, these savings do not use fin-tech. Fin-tech is still seen as something that plunges like a shark loan trap, so most respondents still avoid fin-tech for their financial management. Respondents still do not use fin-tech optimally and urgently need education and socialization related to fin-tech.
A Seara da Ciência da Universidade Federal do Ceará: Um Cenário de Divulgação e Formação Cultural com Enfoque Científico e Tecnológico
Authors: Oliveira Rannyelly Rodrigues de , Silva Ana Paula Bispo da
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de descrever como a Seara da Ciência contribui como um cenário de divulgação e formação cultural com enfoque científico e tecnológico. Dessa forma, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com aporte no levantamento bibliográfico. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas, observações e visitas à Seara. Os dados foram analisados numa abordagem qualitativa, assim, foram descritos: a estrutura física da Seara, os cursos experimentais, as oficinas de expressão cultural e os eventos de exposição científica. Entende-se que o contato com a ciência permite conhecer sobre a história e seus aspectos científicos e tecnológicos que compõem uma cultura de uma determinada sociedade, direcionando o indivíduo a um reconhecimento de uma identidade cultural. Portanto, pode-se concluir a cultura como uma composição de teias de significados adquiridos pelo ser humano ao longo de suas vivências em sociedade e umas dessas vivências pode ser a visitação à Seara. Logo, compreende-se que o conhecimento científico compõe uma cultura e o teatro e a arte são expressões de uma cultura.
A ARTE COMO POTENCIALIDADE NA PRÁTICA DO EDUCADOR SOCIAL
Authors: Lima-Berton Tatiane Delurdes de , Monteiro Michelle Popenga Geraim , Asinelli-Luz Araci
Published: July 2022

O estudo objetiva identificar a relevância da arte para as práticas do educador social na infância e adolescência. Salientando a arte como possibilidade de expressão e aprendizagem e a prática da Educação Preventiva Integral, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho descritivo e exploratório, com coleta de dados a partir da observação participante. Participaram do estudo duas educadoras sociais do Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS) de um município da região metropolitana de Curitiba/Paraná - Brasil. Para a análise e discussão dos dados, embasou-se na Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano (BRONFENBRENNER, 2011) e nos estudos de Stoltz (2011) e Vygotsky (1995; 1996; 1999). Destaca-se que a arte possibilita práticas humanizadoras ao educador social e ao educando, possibilitando expressão de sentimentos, interesses e potencialidades; relaciona memórias com realidades experienciadas; expande movimentos culturais, técnicas e estilos de desenho e pintura, bem como exploração dos contextos em que estão inseridos. Há incentivo à criatividade, imaginação, relações sociais e reflexão na condição de seres humanos. Instiga o empoderamento e a autoeducação, auxiliando no seu desenvolvimento e contribuindo concretamente para as possibilidades de qualidade de vida e a garantia dos direitos fundamentais.
Mulheres quilombolas: silenciamentos e discursos corporais no samba de roda
Authors: Ferreira Thais de Jesus , Silva Maria Cecilia de Paula
Published: July 2022

Este artigo busca investigar como os silenciamentos, apagamentos e invisibilidades de mulheres quilombolas ao longo da história podem ser traduzidos em discursos corporais e ressignificar o tempo presente. Trata-se de uma pesquisa histórica do tempo presente. Utilizou-se de referenciais teóricos e instrumentos como observações de práticas artística-culturais e entrevistas com mulheres quilombolas. Analisamos discursos e textos corporais, na perspectiva da interseccionalidade, produzidos pelas/nas mulheres quilombolas, do Quilombo Batuva, município de Guaraqueçaba, Paraná e do Quilombo Buri, partícipes do grupo de samba de roda Raízes do Quilombo, município de Pedrão, Bahia. Concluímos que os silenciamentos, apagamentos e formas de resistência produzidos pelos discursos das mulheres quilombolas possuem relação com a historicidade e memórias do Atlântico negro e diáspora. No tempo presente, os discursos e textos corporais desvelam mecanismos de resistência, (re)existência e reinvenção do ser mulher negra quilombola. Discursos que ora expressam o silenciamento e ora explicitam os feminismos plurais na textualização dos corpos. Os discursos corporais fortalecem lógicas decoloniais.
Formação de professores nos cursos de Licenciatura em Artes Visuais após a BNCC: dúvidas, desafios, apostas e ensaios
Authors: Mossi Cristian Poletti , De Oliveira Marilda Oliveira
Published: July 2022

Apresentam-se nesta escrita desafios e dúvidas que têm mobilizado os autores a pensarem a formação inicial de professores em artes visuais, especificamente no que concerne à criação de práticas educativas por parte de acadêmicas e acadêmicos realizando seus estágios de docência obrigatórios nos cursos de Licenciatura em Artes Visuais de suas Instituições de Ensino Superior de origem, sobretudo após a aprovação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC, 2018) para a educação infantil e para os ensinos fundamental e médio. Aposta-se na textualidade específica dos projetos/planejamentos de ensino, que podem inaugurar um espaço/tempo de resistência aos currículos oficiais. A pesquisa bibliográfica/documental foi o caminho metodológico utilizado pelos autores para guiar seus procedimentos, colocar em diálogo alguns referenciais e estabelecer parâmetros para a escrita. Portanto, apresenta-se um estudo realizado pelos autores no âmbito de suas pesquisas, acompanhado de algumas apostas e ensaios que ambos têm experimentado nas atividades de ensino que têm ministrado, desejando colocar em discussão ambiguidades, mais do que oferecer uma conclusão única sobre o tema.
Práticas de iniciação à docência no estágio supervisionado em matemática
Authors: Bacury Gerson Ribeiro , Gonçalves José Domingos Antônio , Melo Elisângela Aparecida Pereira de
Published: July 2022

Entendemos o Estágio Supervisionado nos cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática, não somente como o primeiro campo de atuação profissional do futuro professor, mas, sobretudo em reafirmar os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem, materializando-os em práticas nas salas de aula. Assim, apresentamos neste artigo os resultados de pesquisas desenvolvidas em dois contextos distintos – o Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT)/Câmpus de Araguaína e o Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)/Câmpus Manaus, no decurso das disciplinas de Estágio Supervisionado, mediadas pela abordagem qualitativa, na modalidade Estudo de Caso e a colaborativa crítico reflexiva. A partir desses estudos, questionamos: em que termos podem ser concebidas práticas formativas para os futuros professores de Matemática, na disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado? Para tanto, objetivamos conhecer os modelos formativos da disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado em Cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática e suas perspectivas para inovação de práticas, na iniciação à docência. Ademais trazemos algumas reflexões acerca da reestruturação das práticas na disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado, no sentido de redimensionar e ressignificar a atuação futura desses professores, propiciando outros caminhos didáticos e metodológicos para ensinar a Matemática aos estudantes da Educação Básica.Palavras-chave: Formação Inicial de Professores de Matemática. Estágio Supervisionado. Práticas de Ensino e de Aprendizagem. Práticas Investigativas em Educação Matemática.
Escola ”de ladainhas”: práticas educativas de rezadores em Breves-PA
Authors: Pinheiro Souza Paula Fernanda , Barbosa Albuquerque Maria Betania
Published: July 2022

Resumo: O presente artigo analisa a dimensão educativa do ritual de reza das ladainhas existente na cidade de Breves-PA. Para isso, fundamenta-se nos pressupostos da História Cultural, em que a história “vista de baixo”, como propõe Burke (1992), ganha espaço até então negado pela história oficial, ou seja, as vozes de sujeitos comuns, até então silenciadas, passam a ser consideradas como fontes para se contar a história. Trata-se de uma pesquisa etnográfica, sob a metodologia da História considerando como instrumentos de investigação entrevistas semiestruturadas e a observação em campo. Com base em Brandão (2007, 2009), Albuquerque (2012), Wulf (2016), Bondía (2002), Medaets (2011) e Ingold (2010, 2015), concluímos que na educação das ladainhas não há professores que expõem e explicam determinados conteúdos. Os educadores desse tipo de escola são os próprios rezadores que mostram seu fazer a partir da vivência da prática ritualística, na qual saberes são postos em circulação e apreendidos pelos sujeitos.
Tendências de pesquisas brasileiras em Ensino de Biologia (2013 - 2018): um estudo de periódicos, dissertações e teses
Authors: Petik Valéria Cristina Ferrari , De Oliveira Caroline Oenning , Royer Marcia Regina
Published: July 2022

Tendo em vista a importância ao manifestar o conjunto de valores, princípios e interesses de uma época, o Ensino de Ciências tem sido evidenciado nos últimos anos como objeto de pesquisa. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo de analisar a produção acadêmica expressa em periódicos brasileiros, dissertações e teses na área de ensino de Ciências e Biologia. Para tanto, selecionamos cinco periódicos com Qualis-CAPES A1 e A2 (quadriênio 2013-2016), dissertações e teses, todos referentes ao período de 2013 a 2018, e os analisamos mediante à análise de conteúdo. Identificamos como resultados aspectos como ápices temporais de publicação que ocorreu em 2015; principais focos temáticos abordados, no caso, destacou-se a formação de conceitos; subáreas da biologia privilegiada foi “outros”, voltados para o ensino de Ciências, e não especificamente ao conteúdo da Biologia, seguida pela educação ambiental; níveis escolares mais estudados foi no ensino superior, origem institucional dos pesquisadores envolvidos e a concentração de publicações na área ocorreu na região sudeste, que sinalizaram, à guisa de conclusão, para a carência de pesquisas voltadas para o ensino de Biologia para regiões norte, nordeste e centro-oeste brasileiras e para a Educação Infantil, Educação à Distância e Educação de Jovens e Adultos.
Sobre etnicidade na educação: saberes e corporeidade no ritual do Torém na Escola Indígena Diferenciada Maria Venâncio
Authors: Pereira Arliene Stephanie Menezes
Published: July 2022

O povo indígena Tremembé habita o litoral oeste do estado do Ceará e apesar de terem sofrido com o processo de “caboclização” (OLIVEIRA JR, 1998), que negou a identidade indígena, dificultando o reconhecimento de suas identidades, conseguiram notoriedade social organizando-se em torno do seu ritual, o Torém. Ritual circular que evoca seres “encantados”, cantado em língua ameríndia e portuguesa, e no qual bebemsua bebida tradicional feita do caju, o mocororó. Objetivamos descrever a transmissão de saberes e a corporeidade que envolve a prática do ritual do Torém entre os Tremembé na Escola Indígena Diferenciada Maria Venâncio, localizada na aldeia de Almofala (Itarema-CE). O ritual perpassa a transmissão de saberes étnicos peculiares como o resgate linguístico, a autodenominação e afirmação identitária. Abraçamos no estudo a descrição de vivências e nos utilizamos de relatos orais de 5 indígenas. Apontando que este estudo contribui numa perspectiva de ampliação acerca do horizonte de significações sobre a corporeidade e instigando o debate sobre uma concepção ampliada de atuação intercultural em Educação Física. Concluindo que sua etnicidade está numa compreensão simbólica que os remete a unidade grupal e memória coletiva, sendo a escola o principal vetor de seus saberes, e o Torém como símbolo desta origem.
Olhando para uma educação que transforma relações étnico-raciais: experiências na Universidade de Camagüey, Cuba.
Authors: Pons Giralt Maikel , Chio Rojas Alberto , Revelo Álvarez Pavel
Published: July 2022

O objetivo da pesquisa é mapear experiências educacionais sobre o tratamento das relações étnico-raciais que ocorrem no contexto universitário cubano, especificamente na Universidade de Camagüey. Numa perspectiva epistemológica crítica e descolonizadora, o autor problematiza o tema étnico-racial no contexto cubano, com ênfase no espaço universitário. Apoiado em investigações nacionais e internacionais, o artigo mostra as tensões, desafios, potencial e necessidade existentes na teoria e na prática para assumir essa problemática na universidade cubana. Esses fundamentos permitem justificar o desenvolvimento de uma serie de ações formativas com professores na Universidade de Camagüey, seguindo os pressupostos de uma pesquisa participante. As ações mostram os potenciais de formação subjacentes nos espaços educacionais e como as disciplinas de ensino podem se tornar uma teoria social crítica, ativa e transformadora na busca de soluções educativas práticas contra o racismo e suas manifestações. No entanto, o artigo reflete que as políticas educacionais descritas para abordar a questão racial ainda são insuficientes. Portanto, é necessário continuar os esforços de pesquisa, ensino e formação para promover uma educação para as relações étnico-raciais.