bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Community-level spatiotemporal synchrony: new metric and application to White Sea meiobenthic harpacticoids
Authors: Azovsky AI , Chertoprud ES , Garlitska LA
Published: August 2022

Synchrony is a multifaceted biological phenomenon exhibited at various levels of organization. Here, we introduce the concept of structural synchrony, defined as the coherence of structural variations in multispecies assemblages occurring at a certain spatiotemporal scale, and propose a direct measure of this type of synchrony. This approach was first tested on numeric simulations imitating various types of model community dynamics and then applied to a large data set on White Sea intertidal harpacticoids, covering a wide range of spatial (decimeters to 140 m) and temporal (days to 25 yr) scales. Scale-specific analysis revealed distinct patterns and allowed us to draw inferences about processes that drive community dynamics. Short-term (up to 1 mo) changes occurred independently or even anti-synchronically, possibly due to trophic-driven migrations. On a seasonal scale, a high degree of within-habitat synchrony occurred at time intervals of 2-3 mo or longer but dropped with increasing spatial distance; this pattern is most likely caused by seasonal reproductive dynamics of populations. At the interannual scale, external exposure, i.e. long-term changes in sediment composition, appeared to be the strongest synchronizing force for the harpacticoid community, while this factor was locally active and became most apparent at the within-habitat scale. We evaluate the advantages and limitations of our framework, highlighting its broad domain of application and anticipating potential extensions. We encourage ecologists to integrate structural synchrony analysis into their toolbox to quantitatively evaluate spatiotemporal community dynamics and to link these dynamics with underlying processes.
Long-lasting changes in the density of nitrergic neurons following kainic acid administration and chronic hypoxia.
Authors: Benešová P , Langmeier M , Betka J , Trojan S
Published: August 2022

Using histochemical analysis (NADPH-diaphorase) we have investigated the influence of intraperitoneal administration of kainic acid (KA), hypoxia and combination of both these factors on neurons of the hippocampus and on the primary auditory cortex (PAC) in male rats of the Wistar strain. Kainic acid was administered to 18-day-old animals, which were exposed to long-lasting repeated hypoxia from the 2nd till the 17th day of age in a hypobaric chamber (for 8 hours a day). At the age of 1 year, the animals were transcardially perfused with 4 % paraformaldehyde under deep thiopental anesthesia. Cryostate sections were stained to identify NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons that were then quantified in CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus, in the dentate gyrus and in the PAC. Both, hypoxia and KA lowered the number of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in the hilus, dorsal and ventral blades of the dentate gyrus, CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus. On the contrary, KA given to the hypoxic animals increased the number of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in the dorsal blade of the dentate gyrus and PAC.
Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Dan Implementasinya Terhadap Perguruan Tinggi STAI Al Furqan Makassar
Authors: Nahariah Nahariah
Published: August 2022

Manajemen sumber daya manusia yang baik dan berkualitas akan memberikan Perubahan yang positif terhadap perkembangan pendidikan. Untuk itu diperlukan penerapan manajemen sumber daya manusia dalam mengelola perguruan tinggi agar dapat mengembangan dosen menjadi tenaga pendidik yang professional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menyajikan mengenai implementasi manajemen sumber daya manusia melalui indikator perencanaan, rekrutmen, seleksi, orientasi dan penempatan, pelatihan dan pengembangan, dan penilaian kinerja di STAI Al Furqan serta hambatan-hambatan dalam implementasi manajemen sumber daya manusia di STAI AL Furqan.  Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, maka diketahui bahwa implementasi manajemen sumber daya manusia di STAI Al Furqan telah terlaksana dengan baik, ditandai dengan adanya penyusunan perencanaan sumber daya manusia, perekrutan sumber daya manusia yang profesionalisme dan transparan, pelaksanaan seleksi sumber daya manusia yang cukup profesional, pelaksanaan orientasi dan penempatan kerja yang memperhatikan kebutuhan dosen dan kompetensi dosen/karyawan, pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pengembangan yang terencana, dan penilaian kinerja. Walaupun dari segi seleksi, orientasi dan penempatan belum terlaksana dengan baik. Faktor penghambat implementasi manajemen sumber daya manusia yaitu: kurangnya kesejahteraan dosen  dan pegawai honorer, kurangnya kejelasan karier, dan penjaminan mutu.
Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Media Internet Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam Siswa Kelas XI SMA
Authors: Jafar Jafar
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidak adanya pengaruh antara pemanfaatan media internet terhadap prestasi belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 3 Baubau. Permasalahan yang muncul adalah “Apakah ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara pemanfaatan media internet terhadap prestasi belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 3 Baubau?”.Berdasarkan permasalahan yang diajukan tersebut, maka hipotesis yang muncul adalah : Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara pemanfaatan media internet terhadap prestasi belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 3 Baubau..Berdasarkan hasil analisis terhadap data penelitian dari kedua variabel dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara pemanfaatan media internet terhadap prestasi belajar siswa kelas XI di SMA Negeri 3 Baubau. Hal ini berdasarkan hasil data perhitungan statistik dengan uji korelai bahwa rhitung lebih besar dari rtabel dengan tingkat kepercayaan sesuai dengan data responden sebanyak 37 siswa. Maka dapat dilihat dalam tabel nilai-nilai r product moment pada taraf (5%) rhitung 0,469 > rtabel 0,325 dengan demikian hasilnya signifikan. Hal ini berarti ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara pemanfaatan media internet terhadap prestasi belajar siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 3 Baubau.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Penghambat Guru dalam Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Membaca Puisi Pada Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus
Authors: Usman Usman
Published: August 2022

Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor penghambat guru dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran membaca puisi pada siswa berkebutuhan khusus di SD Negeri Topa Kota Baubau. Faktor yang dianalisis merupakan faktor penghambat guru yang berasal dari faktor guru, siswa, dan proses pembelajaran. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknis analisis Miles & Huberman dengan uji validitas dan keabsahan data menggunakan derajat kepercayaan (credibility). Uji validitas dan keabsahan data dilakukan melalui ketekunan pengamatan, triangulasi, dan kecukupan referensi. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat menjadi informasi dan masukan bagi gurudalam hal meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Hal-hal yang perlu dilakukan guru yaitu guru hendaknya mempelajari konsep dan materi pembelajaran yang akan diberikan kepada siswa. Guru hendaknya mengembangkan motivasi dalam diri untuk terus belajar. Guru juga perlu mempersiapkan perencanaan pembelajaran dengan baik, menggunakan strategi pembelajaran yang tepat dan inovatif, agar siswa lebih aktif. Siswa harus dimotivasi oleh guru agar lebih berminat dan tertarik terhadap pembelajaran.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Terhadap Kesadaran Mengonsumsi Produk Makanan dan Minuman Halal
Authors: Sudiartono Sudiartono
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam terhadap kesadaran siswa SMP Negeri 7 Baubau dalam mengonsumsi produk makanan dan minuman halal.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode gabungan atau mixed methodology design dengan pendekatan korelasional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 45 siswa yang diperoleh dari teknik stratified random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrument non-tes, yaitu kuesioner dengan menggunakan skala likert pada variabel x dan variabel y, serta instrument tambahan berupa wawancara.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signfikan antara pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam terhadap kesadaran siswa dalam mengonsumsi produk makanan dan minuman halal dengan angka korelasi sebesar 0,527 yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang sedang atau cukupan. Kemudian besar pengaruh pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam terhadap kesadaran mengonsumsi produk makanan dan minuman halal sebesar 27,81%.
Strategi Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Di SMA Negeri 21 Makassar
Authors: Sahabuddin Sahabuddin
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini membahas tentang strategi kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SMA Negeri 21 Makassar, tujuannya untuk mengetahui strategi kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SMA Negeri 21 Makassar, mutunya,  faktor pendukung dan penghambat serta alternatif kepala sekolah menghadapi hambatan dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SMA Negeri 21 Makassar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, strategi kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu  pendidikan di SMA Negeri 21 Makassar meliputi: komitmen kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan, merumuskan visi-misi pendidikan, membentuk team work sebagai penggerak mutu,  membagi wewenang dan tanggung  jawab, melengkapi sarana-pra sarana sesuai kebutuhan sekolah, memberdayakan seluruh komponen sekolah, mengontrol seluruh kegiatan sekolah, dan evaluasi setiap diri untuk meningkatkan kinerja.  Mutu pendidikannya meliputi: inputnya baik, proses berjalan efektif dan efesien, outputnya baik karena banyak berhasil masuk Universitas  Negeri dan outcome baik, karena mendapatkan apresiasi di masyarakat. Faktor pendukungnya meliputi: Kepemimpinan yang ramah dan tidak sentralistik, sarana-pra sarana memadai, SDM  (profesionalisme),  team work  yang baik, dukungan  seluruh komponen sekolah  dan  masyarakat. Foktor penghambatnya meliputi: Rendahnya sarana,  rendahnya kualitas guru, rendahnya prestasi siswa, mahalnya biaya pendidikan bagi sekolah sebelum ada dana bantuan dari APBN, dan alternatifnya meliputi: Evaluasi kepala sekolah  terhadap; sarana pra sarana agar ditingkatkan sesuai kebutuah siswa, Pelatihan dan Ditlat bagi guru dan staf untuk  meningkatkan profesionalisme mereka, mengadakan bimbingan secara kontinew bagi seluruh siswa untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan dan mengembangkan bakat mereka,  briping setiap hari bersama team work untuk saling berbagi informasi tentang kemajuan dan kemunduran  sekolah, dan  bermusyawara bersama seluruh stake holders jika ada persoalan besar yang harus diselesaikan.
CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING CIVIL SOCIETY IN MODERN LAW
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation, ZELENTSOV ALEXANDER , GATSOLATI VIKTOR
Published: August 2022

Civil society is currently the guarantor of the sustainable development of the rule of law and the source of positive transformations in various spheres of society. The growing interest in the category of "civil society" in modern jurisprudence has actualized the task of building a holistic concept of civil society. The article discusses the main conceptual approaches to understanding civil society in modern jurisprudence and determining its relationship with the state. An analysis is made of the characteristics identified by Russian and foreign researchers as the hallmarks of civil society. The models of interaction between the state and civil society, distinguished in domestic and foreign jurisprudence, are considered. The forms of interaction between the state and civil society are considered, their classification is carried out. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion was formulated on the expediency of using the concept of civil society organizations as the basic concept of civil society in modern legal science.
Efficient analysis of unsteady flows within multi-stage turbomachines using the coupled time and passage spectral method
Authors: Wang Dingxi , Zhang Sen , Huang Xiuquan
Published: August 2022

A coupled time and passage spectral method has been proposed very recently for tracking blade wakes penetrating the immediate downstream blade row and reaching far downstream blade rows. To achieve an efficient numerical analysis, the number of time and space modes to be retained has to be limited, as the computational cost of such an analysis is at least proportional to the number of modes. In this study, time and space modes related to downstream propagation of blade wakes reaching beyond their immediate downstream blade row are ranked according to their amplitudes of flow quantities through a time domain harmonic balance analysis using a domain consisting of multiple blade passages for the third row to capture the wakes of the first row of a two-stage fan. Modes with significant amplitudes are identified and they are really sparse. This sparsity of significant modes provides the premise for an efficient analysis using the coupled time and passage spectral method. A guideline for a priori selection of time and space modes has been developed by analyzing the frequencies and nodal diameters of those significant modes. The guideline is subsequently verified through four different coupled time and passage spectral analyses with different levels of accuracy by including different time and space modes.
Implementasi Flutter Framework & Metodologi Lean UX Kanban Dalam Aplikasi Reservasi The Bbalbong
Authors: Tiawan Tiawan , Rahmawati Nopi
Published: August 2022

In this millennial era, people are very happy to be able to get food at the restaurant of choice, therefore the number of visitors to the restaurant has increased rapidly, especially during meal times and holidays, many customers are disappointed because they cannot get a place at their favorite restaurant, this will affect the rating of the restaurant and also in the restaurant service process, several problems arise such as customers who wait too long for food menus, and lack of information on the availability of menus. Based on the problems, we make an application for customers can reserve a place and food as a solution. The Applications made using the dart programming language with a flutter framework and the Lean UX KANBAN methodology so that the application is more effective and efficient and focuses on the division of tasks in groups. Flutter Framework is a product from Google that is suitable for application developers who have a focus on UI and UX design, for the methodology used, namely Lean UX Kanban, with the LEAN UX methodology can measure success so that the design and development of system products can be effective in a short time, Kanban methodology also helps in the division of team tasks and prioritizes to be able to speed up the application creation process.
Rancang Bangun Alat Deteksi Masker, Deteksi Suhu Badan dan Sprayer Disinfektan Sebagai Pendisiplin Protokol Kesehatan Di Lingkungan Sekolah
Authors: Habibi Anang , Ginting Fadhillah Aris Ramadhan , Prasetyo Royyan Putra
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 has swept the world for almost two years. The increase in COVID-19 cases is caused by the lack of public compliance with health protocols. Schools are places where teachers and students gather; some schools in certain zones are permitted by the government to carry out teaching and learning activities face-to-face but still under strict health protocols. Parents are still worried that their children will catch COVID-19 at school because of the school community's neglect of health protocols; robots play an important role in reducing the chain of COVID-19 cases. Through this research, the authors innovate by using cameras to help monitor school residents to comply with health protocols in wearing masks, infrared sensors for hand detection when washing hands and MLX90614 sensors to measure body temperature so that those who do not adhere to the health protocol disciplinary tools are not allowed to enter the school area.
Analisis Penentuan Lokasi Gangguan Hubung Singkat Pada Saluran Transmisi Di Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Wahyudin Pebi , Musaruddin Mustarum , Mokui Hasmina Tari
Published: August 2022

The electricity system often experiences disturbances, especially short circuit disturbances on transmission lines. This short circuit disturbance is caused by various things such as lightning surges, fallen trees, animals, and other conditions. The interconnected Southeast Sulawesi power system cannot be separated from this short circuit problem. Therefore, determining the location of this short-circuit fault must be done quickly so that the cause of the disturbance can be immediately identified. This study aims to analyze the determination of the location of short circuit faults using the Takagi Method. Simulations were carried out using ETAP 16.0.0 software to see the condition of the Southeast Sulawesi system power flow. This Takagi method analyzes the location of the disturbance using the conditions before and after the disturbance occurs based on the recorded data at the substation. The results of the analysis carried out on the Southeast Sulawesi transmission line show that the percentage of accuracy in determining the location of a single-phase short-circuit fault to ground using the Takagi method is better, with a distance difference of 0.368-0.581 km (1.49%) when compared to the reading results on recordings of 10,173-9,960 km (31.58%) from the fault location occurred after inspection of the Lasusua-Kolaka transmission line. Disturbances on lines 1 and 2 Kolaka-Lasusua produce an error value of 1.533 km (9.24%) and 1.547 km (9.32%) when compared to fault locator readings of 3.212 km (19.36%) and 1.812 km ( 10.92%). Meanwhile, the Unaaha-Kolaka transmission line produces a distance difference of 0.709 km (3.29%) when compared to the fault locator reading of 4.323 km (20.12%). The results of the power flow simulation produce an installed generating capacity of 188 MW, a total active power of 116.780 MW and a reactive power of 29,944 Mvar. Thus, it can be concluded that the Takagi Method has a better accuracy value in reading fault locators.
Pengembangan Prototype Tripod Dengan Kendali Jarak Jauh Berbasis Arduino Dan Android
Authors: Akhsani Rafika , Waspada Heri Priya , Kholil Moch.
Published: August 2022

Posisi kamera dapat mempengaruhi kualitas video yang didapatkan. Sudut pengambilan video yang bervariasi memerlukan usaha dari videografer untuk terus menerus memindahkan dan mengatur posisi kamera pada tripod dan kamera untuk menjangkau sudut pengambilan yang tepat. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan kinerja videografer menjadi berat karena harus berpindah-pindah secara terus menerus. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pengembangan prototype sebuah perangkat yang dapat menopang sebuah kamera yang dapat dikontrol dari jarak jauh untuk memudahkan kinerja videografer dalam mengambil gambar pada sudut pengambilan gambar yang bervariasi. Prototipe dibangung dengan mengintegrasikan aplikasi di android dengan Arduino. Tahapan pada penelitian ini adalah 1) studi literatur 2) rancang bangun prototipe tripod 3) pemrograman arduino 4) rancang bangun aplikasi android 5) ujicoba dan perbaikan. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian selama 7 bulan mulai bulan Mei sampai dengan Desember 2021. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, aplikasi pada smartphone dapat terhubung dan berjalan dengan baik dengan perangkat keras. Rata-rata tingkat akurasi sudut dari motor servo MG996R yang digunakan dalam prototype pada penelitian ini adalah 99.44%.  Posisi kamera dapat mempengaruhi kualitas video yang didapatkan. Sudut pengambilan video yang bervariasi memerlukan usaha dari videografer untuk terus menerus memindahkan dan mengatur posisi kamera pada tripod dan kamera untuk menjangkau sudut pengambilan yang tepat. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan kinerja videografer menjadi berat karena harus berpindah-pindah secara terus menerus. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pengembangan prototype sebuah perangkat yang dapat menopang sebuah kamera yang dapat dikontrol dari jarak jauh untuk memudahkan kinerja videografer dalam mengambil gambar pada sudut pengambilan gambar yang bervariasi. Prototipe dibangung dengan mengintegrasikan aplikasi di android dengan Arduino. Tahapan pada penelitian ini adalah 1) studi literatur 2) rancang bangun prototipe tripod 3) pemrograman arduino 4) rancang bangun aplikasi android 5) ujicoba dan perbaikan. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian selama 7 bulan mulai bulan Mei sampai dengan Desember 2021. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, aplikasi pada smartphone dapat terhubung dan berjalan dengan baik dengan perangkat keras. Rata-rata tingkat akurasi sudut dari motor servo MG996R yang digunakan dalam prototype pada penelitian ini adalah 99.44%. Kata kunci— tripod, tripod kendali jarak jauh, Arduino, android, blynk.
Perancangan Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Kista Ovarium dengan Metode Fuzzy Mamdani
Authors: Piu Sriwahyuningsih , Salmiati Salmiati , Gadji Gayatri , Aini Nurul , Hardi Hardi , Hasmin Erfan
Published: August 2022

Penyakit kista ovarium semakin sering didengar dikalangan wanita dari sekian banyak penyakit yang sering dialami oleh seorang wanita, penyakit ini sangat rumit, halus dan unik, sebab penyakit ini mirip dengan kehamilan dan bisa saja wanita memiliki resiko tinggi akan terkena penyakit ini. Kurangnya pengetahuan akan mendeteksi penyakit kista ini dapat menyebabkan kondisi kista sudah dalam keadaan kronis. Penelitian ini menggunakan penalaran pakar dan dibangun dalam bentuk sebuah aplikasi untuk memudahkan wanita memeriksa kondisi dari beberapa gejala awal yang ditemui. Pada aplikasi ini menggunakan metode fuzzy mamdani yang mana penerapan metode inferensi mamdani pertama kali dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori himpunan fuzzy pada permasalahan sistem kontrol. Terbentuk 2 fungsi keanggotan dalam analisa permasalahan yaitu fungsi variabel gejala dan fungsi varibel diagnosa . Berdasarkan pengujian dengan membandingkan hasil diagnosa awal oleh pakar (dokter spesiali) dengan hasil dari sistem menunjukkan tingkat akurasi sebesar 78%. Kata Kunci — Kista Ovarium, Sistem Pakar, Aplikasi Web, Fuzzy Mamdani.
Efficiency of breeding by fertility of Romanov sheep
Authors: ABRAMOVA Marina , BARYShEVA Mariya , KOSTYLEV Mihail
Published: August 2022

The article presents the results of the evaluation of the breeding value of Romanov sheep of the Yaroslavl region population by fertility, type of birth and live weight at the first lambing. It was found that the indicators of phenotypic variability by type of birth and fertility by the first lambing were at the level of average values, which indicates the possibility of selecting individuals with desirable phenotypes. When evaluating animals using breeding value indices according to the proposed models, the genetic improvement in live weight will be 0.7–1.7 kg, in fertility — 0.03–0.06 heads. The economic effect of using genotype estimation models by live weight will be 150–340 rubles, by fertility — 480–882 rubles per head per year.
Practical application of surepitsa cake in the diets of poultry
Authors: Zverkova Zinaida
Published: August 2022

Studies have been conducted on the use of surepny oilcake obtained from different varieties of Brassica rapa L., in the feeding of broiler chickens. The safe norms of its inclusion in the composition of balanced compound feeds have been determined. The enrichment of experimental compound feed with enzyme preparations increases the economic performance of broiler chickens. The oilcake surepny obtained from the seeds of the Brassica rapa L, selection of the All-Russion Williams Fodder Research Institute confirms the effectiveness of cultivation and the negative effect on broiler chickens.
Assessment of grain productivity and adaptability yellow lupine on soddy-podzol sandy soil
Authors: Lishchenko Pavel , Draganskaya Maria , Savvicheva Inna
Published: August 2022

The article presents the results of a comparative assessment of grain productivity and adaptability indicators of various varieties of yellow lupine cultivated on soddy-podzolic sandy soil. We studied 8 varieties of lupine of domestic selection of the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine, Novozybkovskaya SHOS; neighboring countries - Belarus and foreign selection (Germany), as well as the hybrid material of the Novozybkovskaya SHOS for 2016–2020. The adaptability of variety samples was comprehensively tested in terms of environmental stability and plasticity, using the criterion of "yield". Changes in meteorological conditions over the years of research made it possible to objectively assess the variation in the productivity of lupine by grain. For five years of testing, the grain yield varied from 6.4 c/ha Vladko (Belarus) to 11.8 c/ha, Novozybkovsky 100 (Novozybkovskaya SHOS). On average, changes in the productivity of varieties of VNII lupine from 9.7 to 11.3 c/ha, Novozybkovskaya SHOS – 10.7–11.8 c/ha, Belarusian breeding – 6.4–9.1 c/ha, foreign – 8.3–8.7 q/ha. Samples 5-10-84 (13.2 c/ha), 1-08-7-75 and 2-13-33 (12.7 c/ha) and 7-13-65 (12,5 q/ha). According to the set of indicators of adaptability, the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine Nadezhny and Bulat turned out to be the best among the varieties; Belarusian selection Kastrychnik; Novozybkovskoy SHOS – Druzhny 165 and Novozybkovsky 100. From the hybrid material of the Novozybkovskaya SHOS promising numbers 1-08-7-75, 5-10-84, 4-12-302, 2-13-33, which have genetic flexibility, adaptability and stability in conditions of sandy and sandy loamy soils of the South-West of the Bryansk region.
Impact of efficient protective chemicals on seeds yield of white lupin
Authors: PIMOKHOVA Lyudmila , YaGOVENKO German , TSARAPNEVA Zhanna , Kharaborkina Nina
Published: August 2022

The white lupin is a source for qualitative plant protein to provide balanced nutrition for animals and poultry. Seed and green mass yield of modern lupin varieties can be 3–5 t/ha and 70–120 t/ha respectively. In spite of valuable qualities the production crop use is insufficient. One of the reasons is infection by diseases and pests. Anthracnose is the main dangerous and harmfulness disease. As a result lupin is in dire need for high effective protective chemicals. High effectiveness (97–96%) of seed dressers Vitaros – 2.0 l/t, Maxim XL – 2.0 l/t, Divident Star – 0.5 l/t, Selest Top – 0.7 l/t, Inshurperform – 0.7 l/t was revealed against seeds’ infection with anthracnose and other diseases under field conditions. The fungicides Amistar Extra – 0.5 l/ha, Spirit – 0.7 l/ha, Rakurs – 0.4 l/ha, Kolosal Pro – 0.4 l/ha, Bamper Super – 1.5 l/ha and Zantara – 1.5 l/ha are of high effectiveness (88–93%) for protection of lupin crops. The insecticides Tabu – 0.4 l/t and Selest Top – 07 l/t were high effective (76.2–96.0%) against seedlings pests. The most effective dressers (91–96%) against aphids and weevils were the chemicals BI-58 New – 0.7 l/ha and Borey Neo – 0.2 l/ha. The use of the mentioned chemicals for white lupin protection allows manage development and harmfulness level of harmful organisms in crops and prevent significant grain yield losses.
Leiomiosarcoma de Ovario
Authors: Méndez Orellana Blas Luciano , Valarezo Romero Bryan Ariel , Naranjo Alvarado Raúl Uberto
Published: August 2022

Introducción: El leiomiosarcoma de ovario, es una neoplasia extremadamente rara, forma parte del subgrupo de tumores de músculo liso que constituye menos del 1% en cuanto a tumores de ovario; dentro del mismo se encuentran clasificados el carcinosarcoma, angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma y leiomiosarcoma, de acuerdo con la literatura revisada se han reportado 63 casos de leiomiosarcoma hasta la actualidad.
Caso clínico: Presentamos el caso de una paciente mujer de 53 años; ingresó al área de emergencia por dolor abdominal de gran intensidad, acompañado de distensión abdominal y ortopnea; a la exploración física se palpó una masa poco móvil. La tomografía evidenció la presencia de una masa abdomino-pélvica que se extendió entre el asa intestinal y la raíz del mesenterio; comprimía vejiga, útero y ovarios. Se le realizó una histerectomía, con salpingo ooforectomía derecha, ooforectomía izquierda por medio de laparotomía exploratoria. Los estudios histopatológicos determinaron el diagnóstico de leiomiosarcoma. Fue tratado con cirugía y quimioterapia adyuvante.
Mechanistic PK-PD model of alendronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis predicts bone site-specific response
Authors: Calvo-Gallego José L. , Pivonka Peter , Ruiz-Lozano Rocío , Martínez-Reina Javier
Published: August 2022

Alendronate is the most widely used drug for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO). It inhibits bone resorption, affecting osteoclasts. Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of alendronate have been widely studied, but few mathematical models exist to simulate its effect. In this work, we have developed a PK model for alendronate, valid for short- and long-term treatments, and a mechanistic PK-PD model for the treatment of PMO to predict bone density gain (BDG) at the hip and lumbar spine. According to our results, at least three compartments are required in the PK model to predict the effect of alendronate in both the short and long terms. Clinical data of a 2-year treatment of alendronate, reproduced by our PK-PD model, demonstrate that bone response is site specific (hip: 7% BDG, lumbar spine: 4% BDG). We identified that this BDG is mainly due to an increase in tissue mineralization and a decrease in porosity. The difference in BDG between sites is linked to the different loading and dependence of the released alendronate on the bone-specific surface and porosity. Osteoclast population diminishes quickly within the first month of alendronate treatment. Osteoblast population lags behind but also falls due to coupling of resorption and formation. Two dosing regimens were studied (70 mg weekly and 10 mg daily), and both showed very similar BDG evolution, indicating that alendronate accumulates quickly in bone and saturates. The proposed PK-PD model could provide a valuable tool to analyze the effect of alendronate and to design patient-specific treatments, including drug combinations.
Recent progresses in novel in vitro models of primary neurons: A biomaterial perspective
Authors: Zhang Jiangang , Yang Huiyu , Wu Jiaming , Zhang Dingyue , Wang Yu , Zhai Jiliang
Published: August 2022

Central nervous system (CNS) diseases have been a growing threat to the health of humanity, emphasizing the urgent need of exploring the pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches of various CNS diseases. Primary neurons are directly obtained from animals or humans, which have wide applications including disease modeling, mechanism exploration and drug development. However, traditional two-dimensional (2D) monoculture cannot resemble the native microenvironment of CNS. With the increasing understanding of the complexity of the CNS and the remarkable development of novel biomaterials, in vitro models have experienced great innovation from 2D monoculture toward three-dimensional (3D) multicellular culture. The scope of this review includes the progress of various in vitro models of primary neurons in recent years to provide a holistic view of the modalities and applications of primary neuron models and how they have been connected with the revolution of biofabrication techniques. Special attention has been paid to the interaction between primary neurons and biomaterials. First, a brief introduction on the history of CNS modeling and primary neuron culture was conducted. Next, detailed progress in novel in vitro models were discussed ranging from 2D culture, ex vivo model, spheroid, scaffold-based model, 3D bioprinting model, and microfluidic chip. Modalities, applications, advantages, and limitations of the aforementioned models were described separately. Finally, we explored future prospects, providing new insights into how basic science research methodologies have advanced our understanding of the CNS, and highlighted some future directions of primary neuron culture in the next few decades.
Biocatalytic synthesis of 2-fluoro-3-hydroxypropionic acid
Authors: Liu Wei , Yuan Shan , Jin Miaomiao , Xian Mo
Published: August 2022

Fluorine has become an important element for the design of synthetic molecules for use in medicine, agriculture, and materials. The introduction of fluorine atoms into organic compound molecules can often give these compounds new functions and make them have better performance. Despite the many advantages provided by fluorine for tuning key molecular properties, it is rarely found in natural metabolism. We seek to expand the molecular space available for discovery through the development of new biosynthetic strategies that cross synthetic with natural compounds. Towards this goal, 2-fluoro-3-hydroxypropionic acid (2-F-3-HP) was first synthesized using E. coli coexpressing methylmalonyl CoA synthase (MatBrp), methylmalonyl CoA reductase (MCR) and malonate transmembrane protein (MadLM). The concentration of 2-F-3-HP reached 50.0 mg/L by whole-cell transformation after 24 h. 2-F-3-HP can be used as the substrate to synthesize other fluorides, such as poly (2-fluoro-3-hydroxypropionic acid) (FP3HP). Being entirely biocatalytic, our procedure provides considerable advantages in terms of environmental and safety impacts over reported chemical methods.
Screening of latent tuberculosis infection among patients with diabetes mellitus from a high-burden area in Brazil
Authors: Torres Amanda Vital , Corrêa Raquel da Silva , Bevilacqua Maria de Fátima , do Prado Luana Cristina França , Bandeira Flavia Miranda Gomes de Constantino , Rodrigues Luciana Silva , Gomes Marilia Brito
Published: August 2022

Although several cohort studies have raised the important association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), evidences are limited and controversial. Furthermore, it is well documented that the poor glycemic control may exacerbate the risk for active TB. Thus, the monitoring of diabetic patients living in high-incidence areas for TB is an important concern in views of available diagnostic tests for LTBI. In this cross-sectional study, we estimate the association of DM and LTBI among diabetic patients classified as type-1 DM (T1D) or type-2 DM (T2D) living in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil – considered a high TB burden region of these country. Non-DM volunteers were included as endemic area healthy controls. All participants were screened for DM using glycosylated-hemoglobin (HbA1c) and for LTBI using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold in Tube (QFT-GIT). Demographic, socioeconomic, clinical and laboratorial data were also assessed. Among 553 included participants, 88 (15.9%) had QFT-GIT positive test, of which 18 (20.5%) were non-DM, 30 (34.1%) T1D and 40 (45.4%) T2D. After adjustments for potential baseline confounders, age, self-reported non-white skin color and an active TB case in the family were significantly associated with LTBI among the studied population by using a hierarchical multivariate logistic regression analysis. Additionally, we verified that T2D patients were able to produce significant increased interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) plasma levels in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens, when compared to non-DM individuals. Altogether, our data showed an increased prevalence of LTBI among DM patients, albeit non-statistically significant, and point out to important independent factors associated with LTBI, which deserve attention in monitoring patients with DM. Moreover, QFT-GIT test seems to be a good tool to screening LTBI in this population, even in a high TB burden area.
Advances in Research at Synthesis Process Optimization and Quality Standard Improvement of O-desmethylvenlafaxine Succinate
Authors: Yang Shiwei , Chen Shiyun , Wang Cheng , Zhang Shibo , Li Shuaifei , Yuan Xinsong , Peng Fuyun , He Yong
Published: August 2022

We herein describe an optimal approach for the efficient synthesis of O-desmethylvenlafaxine succinate monohydrate (DVS) with high yield and high purity through 5-step reactions, including benzyl protection of the phenolic hydroxyl group, cyclohexanone condensation, deprotection, cyano reduction, dimethylation, and succinic acid salt formation from p-hydroxybenzene acetonitrile as a starting material. 4-Benzyloxyphenylacetonitrile (Intermediate I) was prepared by the hydroxyl protection of the bromide benzyl-p-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile catalyzed by potassium carbonate with 99.83% purity and 98.92% yields. The 1, 2-nucleophilic addition of intermediate I to cyclohexanone promoted by sodium hydroxide with the homogeneous catalyst (n-Bu)4N+Br− to the preparation of 1-[Cyano(4-benzyloxyphenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol (Intermediate II) was obtained by 99.13% purity and 99.71% yields. Cyclohexanone residues and benzyl bromide residues were trace, and tetrabutylammonium bromide residues were UNDER 0.7 ppm, which further improves the residual standards for genotoxic impurities (GIs). 1-[2-amino-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol hydrochloride (Intermediate III) was prepared by 10% palladium-carbon under 2.0 MPa up to 98.32% purity and 94.20% yields. O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) was synthesized by dimethylation of intermediate III with 37% formaldehyde solution and 85% formic acid solution. The highest purity was up to 99.20% and the yield was up to 84.77%. O-desmethylvenlafaxine succinate monohydrate (DVS) was formed from succinic acid and O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) and crystallized in a mixed solvent of acetone and water (3:1) to obtain 99.92% purity and 90.27% yields. The 5-step total yields of desvenlafaxine succinate monohydrate is 71.09%, and its crystal form has characteristic peaks at 5, 10, 21, and 26 min by XRD powder diffraction, which is consistent with the crystalline form I. Compared with conventional synthesis strategy, we revealed a novel and green process with a high total yield, high atomic economy, low environmental pollution, high operational safety, and high residual standards for genotoxic impurities (GIs), which improves drug safety.
Novel Phenobarbital-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Epilepsy Treatment: From QbD to In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Scioli-Montoto Sebastian , Sbaraglini Maria Laura , Cisneros Jose Sebastian , Chain Cecilia Yamil , Ferretti Valeria , León Ignacio Esteban , Alvarez Vera Alejandra , Castro Guillermo Raul , Islan German Abel , Talevi Alan , Ruiz Maria Esperanza
Published: August 2022

Pharmacological treatments of central nervous system diseases are always challenging due to the restrictions imposed by the blood–brain barrier: while some drugs can effectively cross it, many others, some antiepileptic drugs among them, display permeability issues to reach the site of action and exert their pharmacological effects. The development of last-generation therapeutic nanosystems capable of enhancing drug biodistribution has gained ground in the past few years. Lipid-based nanoparticles are promising systems aimed to improve or facilitate the passage of drugs through biological barriers, which have demonstrated their effectiveness in various therapeutic fields, without signs of associated toxicity. In the present work, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) containing the antiepileptic drug phenobarbital were designed and optimized by a quality by design approach (QbD). The optimized formulation was characterized by its entrapment efficiency, particle size, polydispersity index, and Z potential. Thermal properties were analyzed by DSC and TGA, and morphology and crystal properties were analyzed by AFM, TEM, and XRD. Drug localization and possible interactions between the drug and the formulation components were evaluated using FTIR. In vitro release kinetic, cytotoxicity on non-tumoral mouse fibroblasts L929, and in vivo anticonvulsant activity in an animal model of acute seizures were studied as well. The optimized formulation resulted in spherical particles with a mean size of ca. 178 nm and 98.2% of entrapment efficiency, physically stable for more than a month. Results obtained from the physicochemical and in vitro release characterization suggested that the drug was incorporated into the lipid matrix losing its crystalline structure after the synthesis process and was then released following a slower kinetic in comparison with the conventional immediate-release formulation. The NLC was non-toxic against the selected cell line and capable of delivering the drug to the site of action in an adequate amount and time for therapeutic effects, with no appreciable neurotoxicity. Therefore, the developed system represents a promising alternative for the treatment of one of the most prevalent neurological diseases, epilepsy.
Co-occurrence of dual carbapenemases KPC-2 and OXA-48 with the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-9.1 in Enterobacter xiangfangensis
Authors: Yao Yancheng , Doijad Swapnil , Falgenhauer Jane , Schmiedel Judith , Imirzalioglu Can , Chakraborty Trinad
Published: August 2022

Bacterial infections with the genus Enterobacter are notoriously difficult to treat and often associated with resistance to penicillin, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and third-generation cephalosporins. Also, Enterobacter species have emerged as the third most common hosts for carbapenemases worldwide, forcing the use of colistin as a “last-resort” antibiotic for the treatment. Studies on the population structure of the genus Enterobacter repeatedly detect E. xiangfangensis as a common clinical species present worldwide. Here, we report on the characteristics of an extreme drug-resistant E. xiangfangensis isolate va18651 (ST88), obtained from a cervical swab of an expectant mother. The isolate was resistant to almost all the classes of antibiotics tested, including β-lactams (viz., penicillins, carbapenems, cephalosporin, monobactams, and their combinations), quinolone, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamide/dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, and exhibited heteroresistance towards colistin. Analysis of its complete genome sequence revealed 37 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), including mcr-9.1, blaKPC-2, and blaOXA-48, encoded on three of the four different plasmids (cumulative plasmidome size 604,632 bp). An unusually high number of plasmid-based heavy metal resistance gene (HRG) clusters towards silver, arsenate, cadmium, copper, mercury, and tellurite were also detected. Virulence genes (VGs) for the lipopolysaccharide and capsular polysaccharide structures, iron acquisition (iroBCDEN, ent/fep/fes, sitABCD, iut, and fur), and a type VI secretion system, together with motility genes and Type IV pili, were encoded chromosomally. Thus, a unique combination of chromosomally encoded VGs, together with plasmid-encoded ARGs and HRGs, converged to result in an extreme drug-resistant, pathogenic isolate with survival potential in environmental settings. The use of a disinfectant, octenidine, led to its eradication; however, the existence of a highly antibiotic-resistant isolate with significant virulence potential is a matter of concern in public health settings and warrants further surveillance for extreme drug-resistant Enterobacter isolates.
Forced changes in El Niño–Southern Oscillation due to global warming and the associated uncertainties in ACCESS-ESM1.5 large ensembles
Authors: Rashid Harun A.
Published: August 2022

Understanding the forced response of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to future global warming (GW) is important for reliable climate projections; however, many important aspects of this response are yet to be fully understood. Here, we use two large ensembles of CMIP6 historical and SSP3-7.0 experiments (each with 40 ensemble members), performed with ACCESS-ESM1.5, to investigate the combined greenhouse gas (GHG) and aerosol forced changes in selected ENSO properties. We document the forced changes in ENSO's amplitude, power spectrum, skewness, and feedbacks and quantify the internal variability associated with these forced changes. There is a modest but statistically significant GW-induced increase in the ensemble-mean ENSO amplitude and a sizable ensemble variation (due to internal variability) with both increases (in 80% of the members) and decreases. To understand the mechanism of this variation, we examine the role of changes in the mean state and atmosphere-ocean coupling processes in the Pacific. We find that the ensemble variation of GW-induced ENSO amplitude change is most sensitive to the zonal wind forcing change. A change in the zonal gradient of mean sea surface temperatures (SSTs) also plays an important role in the ENSO amplitude change, with the changes in the atmospheric Bjerknes feedback and thermocline feedback playing a minor role. The implications and some caveats of these findings are discussed.
A nomogram predicting 30-day mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Song Jingjing , Liu Yupeng , Wang Wenyao , Chen Jing , Yang Jie , Wen Jun , Gao Jun , Shao Chunli , Tang Yi-Da
Published: August 2022

Background and aims

Early detection of mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is crucial, whereas most risk prediction models are based on outdated cohorts before the year 2000. This study aimed to establish a nomogram predicting 30-day mortality after PCI.

Materials and methods

In total, 10,444 patients undergoing PCI in National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases in China were enrolled to establish a nomogram to predict 30-day mortality after PCI. The nomogram was generated by incorporating parameters selected by logistic regression with the stepwise backward method.

Results

Five features were selected to build the nomogram, including age, male sex, cardiac dysfunction, STEMI, and TIMI 0–2 after PCI. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated, and the area under the curves (AUC) was 0.881 (95% CI: 0.8–0.961). Our nomogram exhibited better performance than a previous risk model (AUC = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.586–0.813) established by Brener et al. The survival curve successfully stratified the patients above and below the median score of 4.

Conclusion

A novel nomogram for predicting 30-day mortality was established in unselected patients undergoing PCI, which may help risk stratification in clinical practice.
The interstitial compartment as a therapeutic target in heart failure
Authors: Aronson Doron
Published: August 2022

Congestion is the single most important contributor to heart failure (HF) decompensation. Most of the excess volume in patients with HF resides in the interstitial compartment. Inadequate decongestion implies persistent interstitial congestion and is associated with worse outcomes. Therefore, effective interstitial decongestion represents an unmet need to improve quality of life and reduce clinical events. The key processes that underlie incomplete interstitial decongestion are often ignored. In this review, we provide a summary of the pathophysiology of the interstitial compartment in HF and the factors governing the movement of fluids between the interstitial and vascular compartments. Disruption of the extracellular matrix compaction occurs with edema, such that the interstitium becomes highly compliant, and large changes in volume marginally increase interstitial pressure and allow progressive capillary filtration into the interstitium. Augmentation of lymph flow is required to prevent interstitial edema, and the lymphatic system can increase fluid removal by at least 10-fold. In HF, lymphatic remodeling can become insufficient or maladaptive such that the capacity of the lymphatic system to remove fluid from the interstitium is exceeded. Increased central venous pressure at the site of the thoracic duct outlet also impairs lymphatic drainage. Owing to the kinetics of extracellular fluid, microvascular absorption tends to be transient (as determined by the revised Starling equation). Therefore, effective interstitial decongestion with adequate transcapillary plasma refill requires a substantial reduction in plasma volume and capillary pressure that are prolonged and sustained, which is not always achieved in clinical practice. The critical importance of the interstitium in the congestive state underscores the need to directly decongest the interstitial compartment without relying on the lowering of intracapillary pressure with diuretics. This unmet need may be addressed by novel device therapies in the near future.