bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sheaves of measures and KMS-weights on topological graph algebras
Authors: Eidesen Jonas
Published: November 2024

We show that the collection of regular Borel measures on a second-countable locally compact Hausdorff space has the structure of a sheaf. With this we give an alternate description of the pullback of a regular Borel measure along a local homeomorphism. We are able to use these tools to give a description of the KMS$_\beta $-weights for the gauge-action on the graph $C^*$-algebra of a second-countable topological graph in terms of sub-invariant measures on the vertex space of said topological graph.
Unital positive Schur multipliers on $S_n^p$ with a completely isometric dilation
Authors: Duquet Charles
Published: November 2024

Let $1<p\neq 2<\infty $ and let $S^p_n$ be the associated Schatten von Neumann class over $n\times n$ matrices. We prove new characterizations of unital positive Schur multipliers $S^p_n\to S^p_n$ which can be dilated into an invertible complete isometry acting on a non-commutative $L^p$-space. Then we investigate the infinite dimensional case.
Polynomials with exponents in compact convex sets and associated weighted extremal functions -- Generalized product property}
Authors: Snorrason Bergur
Published: November 2024

A famous result of Siciak is how the Siciak-Zakharyuta functions, sometimes called global extremal functions or pluricomplex Green functions with a pole at infinity, of two sets relate to the Siciak-Zakharyuta function of their cartesian product. In this paper Siciak's result is generalized to the setting of Siciak-Zakharyuta functions with growth given by a compact convex set, along with discussing why this generalization does not work in the weighted setting.
Probabilistic aspects of Jacobi theta functions
Authors: Salminen Paavo , Vignat Christophe
Published: November 2024

In this note we deduce well-known modular identities for Jacobi theta functions using the spectral representations associated with the real valued Brownian motion taking values on $[-1,+1]$. We consider two cases: (i) reflection at $-1$ and $+1$, (ii) killing at $-1$ and $+1$. It is seen that these two representations give, in a sense, most compact forms of the modular theta-function identities. We study also discrete Gaussian distributions generated by theta functions, and derive, in particular, addition formulas for discrete Gaussian variables.
Cohen-Macaulay permutation graphs
Authors: Cheri P. V. , Dey Deblina , K Akhil , Kotal Nirmal , Veer Dharm
Published: November 2024

In this article, we characterize Cohen-Macaulay permutation graphs. In particular, we show that a permutation graph is Cohen-Macaulay if and only if it is well-covered and there exists a unique way of partitioning its vertex set into $r$ disjoint maximal cliques, where $r$ is the cardinality of a maximal independent set of the graph. We also provide some sufficient conditions for a comparability graph to be a uniquely partially orderable (UPO) graph.
Exotic groupoid $C^*$-algebras associated to double groupoids
Authors: Palmstrøm Mathias
Published: November 2024

We consider a class of partial action groupoids called double groupoids which are constructed from pairs of subgroups satisfying similar conditions to those of a matched pair of groups. If the double groupoid is étale, then we show that whenever the partially acting group admit exotic ideal completions in the sense of Brown and Guentner, the corresponding double groupoid also admit exotic $C^*$-completions.
Le facteur linguistique en situation de démocratie numérique dans un contexte de bilinguisme officiel : le cas de la ville de Moncton (N.-B.)
Authors: Michel Anaïs L. , Paulin Christine C.
Published: November 2024

Cet article examine les effets de la prise en charge administrative de l’aspect linguistique dans l’instauration des outils de démocratie digitale de la municipalité de Moncton, une ville canadienne officiellement bilingue (français-anglais). Par une étude de cas abordée avec une approche qualitative, il souligne le caractère paradoxal de l’enjeu du bilinguisme, lequel est exprimé comme résolu en revêtant un caractère purement technique au travers de la traduction, alors même qu’il cristallise des tensions politiques, mais aussi des tensions sociales d’inclusion. Dans un cadre interdisciplinaire alliant sociolinguistique et administration publique, il propose une réflexion critique sur les présupposés linguistiques dans la conception des outils de démocratie digitale, et interroge le traitement de ces enjeux et leurs impacts dans l’effectivité et les mécanismes de ces outils.
Accès à l’enseignement collégial des personnes allophones issues de l’immigration récente : obstacles institutionnels et facteurs facilitants
Authors: Doutreloux Emilie
Published: November 2024

Cet article brosse un rare portrait de la situation des personnes allophones issues de l’immigration récente souhaitant entreprendre un projet d’études à l’enseignement supérieur collégial au Québec. Ce portrait, produit d’une recherche multicas, s’articule autour des obstacles institutionnels d’accès à l’enseignement collégial et s’intéresse au point de vue situé des personnes vivant une situation problématique. Il fournit un éclairage sur les facteurs facilitant l’accès à l’enseignement supérieur des personnes allophones issues de l’immigration récente ainsi que sur les obstacles institutionnels freinant leur accès. Les résultats mettent en exergue une situation d’injustice vécue par cette population étudiante devant l’enseignement collégial.
Vers une culture de l’offre active de services de santé dans les deux langues officielles, étude de cas d’une pratique de dialogue
Authors: Forgues Éric , Paulin Christine C.
Published: November 2024

Afin d’implanter une culture de l’offre active (OA) des services dans les deux langues officielles, le réseau de santé Horizon au Nouveau-Brunswick a mené des sessions de dialogues auprès de plus de 3 400 employés. Ces dialogues ont permis aux participantes et aux participants d’exprimer leurs opinions sur l’OA, les défis rencontrés et des pistes de solution. Notre projet visait à mieux comprendre la portée des activités de dialogue sur le développement d’une culture de l’OA au sein du réseau de santé Horizon. L’analyse des évaluations réalisées après chacune des sessions, de la documentation interne et des entretiens menés auprès de huit organisatrices et animatrices de ces dialogues, montre que ce type d’exercice recèle un potentiel pour mettre en place une culture de l’OA, tout en permettant de mieux comprendre certains blocages.
Community-based music making and music-based community making: The case of the We Are All Musicians (waam) project
Authors: Stewart Jesse
Published: November 2024

In this essay, percussionist and community arts worker Jesse Stewart discusses his work in the field of participatory creative music through We Are All Musicians (

waam

), an organization and ongoing research-creation project he started in 2012.

waam

is dedicated to making music as broadly accessible as possible, particularly among communities that have experienced barriers to making music, notably children and adults living in low-income situations, individuals with disabilities of various kinds, and the elderly. Stewart discusses several participatory creative projects that have resulted from partnerships between

waam

and community organizations including Regina Street Alternative School (formerly Regina Street Public School) in Ottawa; Being Studio (formerly H’Art of Ottawa); the Alzheimer’s Society of Ottawa, Artswell, the Bruyère Continuing Care Centre in Ottawa, and the National Arts Centre. He goes on to discuss several interactive music/sound installations that he has set up in public spaces to facilitate interactive improvisatory musical interaction across various forms of difference. The essay concludes with a discussion of some

waam

initiatives that took place online during the

covid-19

pandemic, using networked improvisation to facilitate musical interaction and community formation across both difference and distance.
En lueur : lorsque créer ensemble permet de dévoiler l’unicité de nos reflets
Authors: Girard Véronique
Published: November 2024

Dans ce texte, Véronique Girard explore son processus de création et de médiation autour de Fonofone. Elle met en lumière son approche sensorielle et participative de la musique, cherchant à créer des liens entre les individus et le son. L’utilisation de Fonofone comme instrument et outil de création lui permet d’intégrer le mouvement et la voix dans ses compositions, favorisant ainsi une expression intuitive et authentique. Elle insiste sur l’importance tant de la connexion que de la communication dans la cocréation, utilisant l’application comme un moyen de synchronisation et de partage d’idées. L’autrice présente également différentes manifestations de son travail avec Fonofone, allant de performances collectives à des créations spatiales et visuelles, reflétant ainsi sa vision d’une création participative et inclusive célébrant l’expérience partagée à travers le son.
Congratulations to our Editorial Board Members Prof. Taekyun Kim, Dr. Mladen Vassilev-Missana and Prof. Krassimir Atanassov for their anniversaries in 2024!
Authors:   Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Atanassova Vassia
Published: November 2024

[EDITORIAL] Journal “Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics” congratulates its Editorial Board Members Prof. Taekyn Kim and Dr. Mladen Vassilev-Missana, as well as its Editor-in-Chief Prof. Krassimir Atanassov on the occasion of their anniversaries in 2024!
Årsrapport 2023 Nasjonalt kvalitetsregister for ryggkirurgi
Authors: Solberg Tore K. , Ingebrigtsen Tor , Olsen Lena Ringstad , Thyrhaug Anette Moltu
Published: November 2024

Nasjonalt kvalitetsregister for ryggkirurgi (NKR) best˚ar av delregistre for kirurgisk behandling av degenerativ rygg, degenerativ nakke og deformitet. Registrene har 100 % tilslutning. For degenerativ rygg og nakke er dekningsgraden høy (> 80 %), men den kan fortsatt forbedres ved flere sykehus. Pasientenes responsrate 3 og 12 m˚aneder etter kirurgi er ogs˚a høy (> 80 %). For det nystartede (2023) delregisteret for deformitet foreligger det enn˚a ikke dekningsgradsanalyser.Ventetid før kirurgi har betydning for behandlingskvalitet. Det er stor variasjon mellom sykehusene og mange har for lang ventetid.Etter at NKR satte fokus p˚a en stor og ubegrunnet variasjon i bruk av tromboseprofylakse, har alle sykehusene justert bruken i tr˚ad med nasjonale retningslinjer p˚a omr˚adet.Etter et langvarig, forskningsbasert kvalitetsarbeid ser vi at avstivning (fusjonskirurgi) ved spinal stenose med degenerativ spondylolistese (glidning) har falt betraktelig gjennom flere ˚ar, og har flatet ut p˚a et lavt niv˚a. Dette har gitt stabilt gode resultater, redusert liggetid og færre komplikasjoner.Til tross for en stadig eldre pasientpopulasjon er resultatene generelt gode og stabile. Bedre pasientutvelgelse, spesielt til elektiv kirurgi, synes ˚a være nøkkelen til videre forbedring av utfall etter nakke-og ryggkirurgi. Det p˚ag˚ar derfor en rekke lokale kvalitetsforbedringsprosjekt knyttet til bedre pasientutvelgelse til operasjon.NKR jobber i tillegg med ˚a gjøre kvalitetsdata direkte tilgjengelig i arbeidsfyten til klinikerne, gjennom integrasjon med den elektroniske pasientjournalen (DIPS). Dette muliggjør bruk av et kunstig intelligens-basert beslutningsverktøy som forventes ˚a gi bedre pasientutvelgelse (samvalg) og utfall etter ryggkirurgi. Klinisk utprøving av løsningen starter i Helse Nord i 2024.
Prevalence of oral submucous fibrosis across diverse populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Mengqi , Duan Chengchen , Wei Yuzi , Xu Xiaoping
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The aim is to offer a comprehensive overview of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) prevalence and explore its epidemiological characteristics across various demographic groups and geographical locations, thereby helping the formulation of public health management policies.

Methods

Studies reporting OSF prevalence were identified from electronic databases including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE via OVID, and Web of Science. Pooled prevalence and quality assessment using the New-Ottawa Scale were conducted. Two reviewers screened and selected records, assessed quality, and independently extracted data. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024532975).

Results

Sixty-three studies, encompassing 11,434 cases in a total population of 769,860, reported OSF prevalence. The majority of studies (forty-one) were from India. The pooled prevalence of OSF across all populations was 3.0% (95% CI [2.8–3.2]%). In non-risk populations, risk populations, and consecutive dental patients, the pooled prevalence stood at 2.4% (95% CI [2.1–2.6]%), 4.5% (95% CI 3.5-5.6%), and 5.6% (95% CI [3.8–7.5]%), respectively. Subgroup analysis by age, sex, and geographical region revealed higher prevalence rates among those aged 50 and above (4.2%, 95% CI [3.0–5.4]%), males (3.3%, 95% CI [2.9–3.7]%), and in India (4.0%, 95% CI [3.7–4.3]%). As the exposure to risk factors exceeded 50% in the surveyed population, the prevalence of OSF notably increased. Most studies met satisfactory quality standards.

Conclusions

Our research findings reveal a comprehensive prevalence of OSF across all populations at 3.0% (95% CI [2.8–3.2]%). And, existing evidence indicates a relatively low prevalence of OSF associated with tobacco, alcohol, and Areca (betel) nut use. However, further large-scale studies are recommended to validate these findings. Understanding the prevalence and distribution patterns of OSF may assist in healthcare intervention planning and alleviate the oral cancer burden associated with OSF.
Construction of a high-density genetic map using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing and quantitative trait loci analysis for tillering related traits in Psathyrostachys juncea perennial grass
Authors: Ma Yingmei , Chang Yudong , Li Zhen , Gao Zhiqi , Han Feng , Wang Yong , Yun Lan
Published: November 2024

Background

Russian wildrye (RWR, Psathyrostachys juncea) is an outcrossing perennial grass that plays a crucial role in foragaing and rangeland restoration due to its tiller producing capabilities, nevertheless, a genetic map has yet to be constructed due to a shortage of efficient and reliable molecular markers. This also limits the identification, localization, and cloning of economically important traits related to tiller density during breeding.

Methods

Therefore, this study aimed to create a F1 mapping population with 147 individual lines and their two parents, which were selected based on varying tiller densities. We then used this mapping population to conduct specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) to generate SLAF markers and discover single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Results

Initially, we generated a total of 1,438.38 million pair-end reads with an average sequencing depth of 84.92 in the maternal line, 79.34 in the parental line, and 27.05 in each F1 individual line, respectively. Following the filtering of low-depth SLAF tags, a total of 558,344 high-quality SLAFs were identified. A total of 1,519,903 SNP markers were obtained, and 62,424 polymorphic SNPs were discovered. From these, 4,644 polymorphic SNPs were selected and used for the construction of a genetic map encompassing seven linkage groups. The genetic map spanned 1,416.60 cM with an average distance of 0.31 cM between adjacent markers. Comparative analysis between the seven linkage groups of RWR SLAF tag and the whole-genome sequences in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) revealed homology values ranging from 17.5% to 34.6%, and the collinearity between the RWR linkage groups and the barley homology groups ranged from 0.6787 to 0.9234, with an average value of 0.8158. Additionally, 143 significant quantitative trait locus (QTLs) with Logarithm of Odds (LOD) value greater than 2.5 for five tiller related traits were detected using three consecutive years of phenotypic trait data from the F1 population, further verifying the map’s reliability.
Governança experimentalista no processo de reestruturação organizacional da Universidade Federal de Lavras
Authors: Silva Chivago Inácio , Ribeiro Karina da Silva
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo analisa o processo de reestruturação da Universidade Federal de Lavras sob a ótica do conceito de Governança Experimentalista. Sabe-se que o conceito de experimentação possui, atualmente, certa popularidade nas discussões sobre desenho institucional, uma vez que, a experimentação em desenhos institucionais pode constituir um método útil para aprender acerca de desenhos alternativos e mais funcionais (Davis, 2020). O objetivo desta pesquisa foi buscar elementos e características que permearam o processo de reestruturação administrativa da Universidade Federal de Lavras que sejam ou contribuam para formação de arranjos tipicamente experimentalistas, em uma perspectiva da Governança Experimentalista defendida por Charles Sabel e Jonathan Zeitlin. Considerando a síntese anterior, apresenta-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: A mudança organizacional da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) produziu estruturas a partir da ótica de uma Governança Experimentalista? Objetiva-se apresentar as características particulares desse processo e das Unidades Acadêmicas Resultantes dele. Concluiu-se que a reestruturação administrativa da UFLA trouxe avanços significativos na organização institucional, porém, os desafios persistem na descentralização efetiva e na comunicação interna. A aplicação dos princípios da Governança Experimentalista pode oferecer caminhos para a melhoria contínua dos processos e maior eficiência administrativa, promovendo uma gestão mais dinâmica e responsiva às necessidades da instituição.
Analysing Knowledge Gain in Women Farmers: Insights from Tuber Crop Cultivation Training
Authors: Hari Devu , M. J. Mercykutty , Sajeev Bhavana
Published: November 2024

Aims: This study aimed to assess the knowledge gain of women farmers participating in a training program on tuber crop cultivation in Thrissur district, Kerala. The training focused on improving their understanding of key agricultural practices related to crops such as cassava, elephant foot yam, coleus, and sweet potatoes.
Study Design: Ex post facto design.
Place and Duration of Study: The training was organized and conducted by the Center for Gender Studies in Agriculture and Farm Entrepreneurship Development, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala on March 2024.
Methodology: A total of 50 women farmers were randomly selected from various panchayats in the Thrissur district to attend the training. A pre- and post-training evaluation was conducted using a structured questionnaire comprising 15 questions, covering topics such as variety selection, soil fertility management, pest and disease control, and post-harvest value addition, and so on. Using grapesAgri1 in R Studio 4.3.1 software, the data were analysed using statistical methods like frequency, percentage, t-test and coefficient of correlation.
Results: Pre- and post-training knowledge scores were calculated and analysed using simple percentage formulas to assess knowledge gain. The study revealed a significant improvement in participants' knowledge post-training. The overall average pre-training knowledge score was 9.67 out of 50 (19.34%), while the average post-training score increased to 41.53 out of 50 (83.06%). T-test was also employed to compare the mean of pre-test and post-test evaluation. The percentage of knowledge gain in the pre-training and post-training evaluation were correlated with the independent variables such as age, education, family size, category and information source utilization. The results of correlation revealed that the independent variable such as age (X1), Education (X2), Category (X3) and farm size (X4) are negatively correlated and information source (X5) was positively correlated with the dependent variable.
Conclusion: The training program effectively enhanced the knowledge of women farmers in key aspects of tuber crop cultivation, contributing to improved agricultural practices and the potential for increased productivity.
Zinc Deficiency and Impact on Lipid Profiles in Malnourished Children in Senegal
Authors: Coly Najah Fatou , I Basse , EHI Kane , P A Ka , S Thiam , A Samba , A Ndiaye , IY Soumah , F Diedhiou , F Cissé , N N Diouf , M Djité , N O K Barry , PM Kandji , PM Gueye , R Diagne Gueye ND , F D Agne
Published: November 2024

Aims: Zinc is an important element for the body because of the role it plays in the structure but also in the catalytic activity of several metabolic enzymes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the zinc status in malnourished children and its association with lipid profile parameters.
Study Design: This is a cross-sectional and prospective analytical study.
Place and Duration of Study: This is a fifteen-month study, conducted at the Diamniadio Children's Hospital. Children under five years of age, malnourished according to the weight/height ratio were selected after parental.
Methodology: The study population comprised 176 children with a sex ratio of 1, of whom 49% with severe acute malnutrition, 41% moderately malnourished and 10% undernourished. Zinc was determined using Biosystem's® 5 Br PAPS colorimetric method. To compare the groups, we used the Chi-squared test (X2) or the Fisher's exact test. For the comparison of quantitative variables between the targeted groups, we used the ANOVA test. Zinc, total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol (HDLc) and LDL cholesterol (LDLc) were significantly lower in the malnourished. Hypozincemia was found in 66% of children.  TC, HDLc and triglycerides (TG) are significantly lower in malnourished patients with hypozincemia with a mean average of 2.99 ± 1.31 mmol/L (p< 0.001), 0.56 ± 0.36 mmol/L (p=0.007) and 1.73 ± 0.85 mmol/L (p=0.004), respectively.
There is a positive correlation between zinc and the various lipid profile parameters. TC (r=0.314; < 0.001), HDLc (r=0.326; p< 0.001), LDLc (r=0.200; p=0.008) and TG (r= 0.229; p=0.002).
Conclusion: The management of hypozincemia is essential within the follow-up of malnourished children. Zinc supplementation can prevent dyslipidemia, which is secondary to malnutrition and serve as a preventive measure against dyslipidemia in malnourished children.
Market Landscape and Digital Presence of Cacao-based Products in Bicol Region, Philippines
Authors: Lirag Ma. Teresa B. , Ramirez Ramona Isabel S.
Published: November 2024

The Philippines stands as one of the world's emerging players in the cacao industry with its potential to contribute substantial impact in the global cacao market. A research study was conducted to determine the market landscape and marketing strategies conducted by cacao farmers and processors in Bicol region, Philippines. Surveys and interviews were conducted to capture diverse perspectives and insights of 70 cacao farmers, processors, traders and retailers. Result of the study showed that demographic characteristics of the group shows the predominance of traditional farming activities combined with a significant involvement in processing and trading which highlights a diversified approach to agriculture. Majority are directly involved in selling goods to consumers, either through retail or a combination of wholesale and retail activities. There is a strong inclination towards digital marketing and direct consumer engagement, alongside traditional wholesale and retail strategies. Market outlet for cacao products in the province suggests that most market activities are locally or provincially focused, with some engagement in regional and international markets. In terms of pricing information, there is a reliance on formal and market-based sources. Likewise, most businesses recognize the value of social media in reaching customers and promoting products. Recommendations include developing targeted marketing campaigns to specific consumer segments within the province, harnessing and further strengthening the power of digital marketing channels, including social media, e-commerce platforms, and influencer partnerships, strengthening collaboration with other stakeholders across the cacao value chain to improve market linkages and promotion and continue conducting market research and consumer preferences and monitor market trends.
Credit Risk Management Practices and Asset Quality of Deposit Taking Savings and Credit Co-operative Societies in Kenya
Authors: Mugambi Jakes , Kariuki Peter , Matanda Joshua
Published: November 2024

Despite the key role DT-SACCOs play towards the growth of Kenyan economy, there is reported increasing occurrence of unsustainable levels of NPLs among these financial institutions. The increasing occurrence of NPLs are significantly obstructing asset quality; highly threatening their survival. This study closed this gap by assessing; risk identification, risk measurement, risk monitoring, and risk governance.as determinants of Kenya DT-SACCOs. The study used descriptive research design with the credit managers of Kenya's 176 licensed DT-SACCOs as the target population. The study employed census because the sample size was modest, easily accessible, and controllable. The data for the study was gathered from primary sources utilizing questionnaire. To create descriptive statistics for the study, the data was analyzed using quantitative analysis. Inferential statistics was then used to obtain a model. The study found that, at 5% significance level, risk identification has positive significant effect on asset quality of DT-SACCOS in Kenya in Kenya (p=0.015; β= 0.337; r= 0.394). risk measurement has a statistically significant and positive effect on asset quality of DT-SACCOS in Kenya (p=0.023; β=0.212; r= 0.358), risk monitoring has positive significant effect on asset quality of DT-SACCOS in Kenya (p= 0.049; β= 0.182; r= 0467) and risk governance positively and significantly affects asset quality of DT-SACCOS in Kenya (p= 0.034; β= 0.236; r= 0.470).  The study recommends that the DT-SACCOS in Kenya should; enhance their risk identification policies by ensuring that their procedure authenticity of business proposal and business plan are effective to bale to identify credit risks and net worth of the borrowers, enhance their risk measurement procedure to ensure that there is thorough analysis and appraisal of the borrower before approving loan. enhance their risk monitoring polices and procedures to ensure approval authorities are well specified and empowered, and ensure their risk governance guidelines correctly address credit procedures and policies on review and recommendations and clearly spell out the requirements concerning checks on collateral of the borrower during credit review.
The Evolution of EFL and ELL (2000-2024): Impact of Culture, Technology, and Innovative Pedagogies on Language Learning
Authors: Syahri Indawan , Saha Shilpi , Mallya Deepali , Susanti Rini
Published: November 2024

For nearly a century, English language has consistently remained a global phenomenon with a continued business relevance; the mandatory inclusion of English Language Learning (ELL) in Asian, African and other non-native English-speaking countries is proof of the same. Consequently, research about English as a Foreign Language (EFL) has continued too. Despite ample empirical studies in the past that have examined the role of culture, linguistics, technology or digital tools in EFL, there are limited studied that holistically investigate and review the learning and successful implementation of EFL and its influencing factors. The current study is an attempt to systematically synthesize the findings from empirical studies undertaken between early 2000 and 2024 in the domains of EFL and ELL for a sample of 53 journal articles. The research also aims to draw a scientific relationship between the most relevant concepts surrounding ELL and EFL. To achieve this, the study conducted a systematic literature review coupled with Bibliometric mapping analysis. The study concluded that the upward surge of technological advancements and World Wide Web has transformed learning EFL. Cultural diversity, and technological or digital tools are key influencing factors and innovative teaching/learning pedagogies in EFL and ELL that can enhance the success rates in EFL and ELL in non-native English-speaking countries.
Addressing Climate Change: The Role of Agriculture in Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
Authors: S. M Kishore , N. S Renukaswamy , Kavya D. , Kathula K. Vishnu Priya , Aruna K. , V Abhishek
Published: November 2024

Agriculture is a cornerstone of global food security, which is significantly affected by climate change, primarily driven by human activities that increase greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Accounting for approximately 13% of global anthropogenic GHG emissions, agricultural practices-such as livestock rearing, rice cultivation and synthetic fertilizer use which contribute substantially to global warming. Emissions from nitrous oxide (N₂O), methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) exacerbate this issue, with N₂O being particularly concerning due to its high global warming potential. Mitigation strategies within the agricultural sector are essential, including improved nutrient management, the use of nitrification inhibitors and innovative fertilizer application technologies. Organic farming demonstrates lower N₂O emissions compared to conventional practices, emphasizing the importance of sustainable agricultural methods. Additionally, conservation tillage and practices like zero-tillage help reduce CO₂ emissions by minimizing soil disturbance and enhancing carbon sequestration. Biochar application further supports soil health and GHG reduction by enhancing carbon storage. To mitigate methane emissions from rice fields, reduced tillage and the introduction of electron acceptors can effectively inhibit methanogenesis. As CO₂ constitutes about 72% of total GHG emissions, agricultural practices that increase soil organic carbon (SOC) are critical for effective carbon sequestration. Overall, the agricultural sector holds significant potential for GHG mitigation, with studies suggesting that 89% of the mitigation potential can be achieved through carbon sequestration. Therefore, adopting these strategies is crucial not only for reducing emissions but also for ensuring sustainable agricultural productivity in the face of climate change challenges.
Analysis of Topsoil Quality Changes Across Soil Groups in Vietnam
Authors: Ha Khuong Manh , Thom Pham Thi , Khoi Nguyen Tuan
Published: November 2024

This study systematically investigates the changes in topsoil quality across various soil groups in Vietnam over a 13-year period, spanning from 2004 to 2017. The primary objective is to evaluate key soil quality indicators, including pH, organic matter (OM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and cation exchange capacity (CEC), to assess the health, fertility, and sustainability of these soils in response to agricultural practices and environmental factors.
The findings reveal significant alterations in soil parameters across the diverse soil groups studied, which include alluvial, red-yellow, acid sulfate, grey and degraded, and yellow-red humus soils. Notably, the average pH levels exhibited a decline in most soil groups, indicating a trend toward increased acidity. This decline in soil pH was accompanied by a marked reduction in nitrogen and potassium concentrations, which are critical for crop growth and productivity. For instance, alluvial and degraded soils demonstrated particularly pronounced nutrient depletion, with nitrogen levels decreasing from 0.23% to 0.19% and potassium levels from 1.23% to 1.03%.
In contrast, while phosphorus levels exhibited a slight increase in some soil groups, the overall variability in nutrient content suggests that certain areas may be experiencing more severe deficiencies. Interestingly, the Yellow-Red Humus soils displayed enhanced organic matter retention, with mean OM levels increasing from 4.95% to 5.10%, highlighting their potential for improved nutrient availability and soil health. Cation exchange capacity also showed variability, with a notable decline in the grey and degraded soil group.
Design and Performance Assessment of an Energy-Efficient, Self-Contained Electric Fireplace for Sustainable Home Heating
Authors: Adamon David Farid Gildas , Chidikofan Djonoumawou Mèmèvêgni Grâce Floriane , Tohouenou Comlan Gildas
Published: November 2024

The present work aims to design, build, and analyze the performance of an electrically self-sufficient improved fireplace. After the computer-aided design, and modeling based on the design and simulation, the physical design of the system was carried out, starting with the clay structure conforming to the proportions of water, clay, and grog normally used for Sè pottery in the Mono department of Benin, right through to the metal casing and the various associated compartments. Based on the sizing of both the loads to be supplied and the system's internal control loads, without disregarding the thermoelectric power generation system and the storage battery, a thermal efficiency of 24.64% and maximum electrical efficiency of 64.75% were obtained. It's worth noting that this system considerably improves the user's lifestyle, offering a wide range of functions, including cooking with complete peace of mind, whatever the weather or space, and electricity for lighting and recharging a cell phone without any external power supply.
Delineation and Mapping of Groundwater Quality Assessment in Salem District, Tamil Nadu, India using GIS Techniques
Authors: T Rajavarshini , M Baskar , T Sherene Jenita Rajammal. , S Rathika , M Nagarajan , Meena R.L.
Published: November 2024

Groundwater is a crucial natural resource with significant economic importance, supporting industrial activities, irrigation, and drinking water supplies. However, its extensive use for these purposes depletes water tables, which diminishes its future availability and leads to increased salinity, stream depletion, and land subsidence. A study was conducted to evaluate and map groundwater quality across different blocks in Salem district viz., Salem, Gangavalli, Thalaivasal, Attur, Pethanaickenpalayam, Valappady, Ayothiyapattinam, Yercaud, Panamarathupatty, Veerapandi, Edappadi, Sankari, Kadayampatti, Kolathur, Konganapuram, Magudanchavadi, Mecheri, Nangavalli, Omalur, and Tharamangalam. Sampling was conducted in February 2024, during which a total of 200 samples were collected and examined for pH, electrical conductivity, cations like Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+, anions like CO32-, HCO3-, SO42-, and Cl-. Based on the ionic concentration, the water quality parameters are derived such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio(SAR) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC). The pH and EC values were ranged from 7.08 to 8.58 and 0.74 to 2.75 dS/m, respectively. The residual sodium carbonate (RSC) concentration ranged from -7.3 to 10.1 meq/L, while the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) ranged from 0.7 to 9.7 meq/L. According to the CSSRI, Karnal Water Quality Classification, approximately 66.5 % of the samples fit into the good quality category, approximately 13% of the samples fit into the alkaline water category, and 20% of the samples fit into the saline water category in the Salem district. Using this classification, thematic maps depicting groundwater quality in the Salem district were generated with ArcGIS software. The study concludes that the majority of the samples are classified as good-quality water, while saline and alkali water emerge as the next major concern. Using this saline water for irrigation can change the soil's physical properties and lower agricultural productivity. Thus, it's crucial to apply soil amendments like gypsum and provide proper drainage to avoid long-term soil damage.
Characterization of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase Uropathogens Isolated from Refugees with Urinary Tract Infections in Nakivale Refugee Settlement Camp, Southwestern Uganda
Authors: Hussein Ayan Ahmed , Kassaza Kennedy , Mwesigye James , Petra Nalumaga Pauline , Mwambi Bashir , Kabanda Taseera , Bazira Joel
Published: November 2024

The World Health Organization estimates one in four individuals has had at least one urinary tract infection (UTI) episode requiring treatment with an antimicrobial agent. At Nakivale refugee camp, the overwhelming number of refugees often associated with poor living conditions predispose the refugees to urinary tract infections.
This study determined the prevalence of UTIs, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolated bacterial pathogens, the prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) bacteria, and the molecular characterization of genes encoding ESBLs among refugees in the Nakivale refugee settlement.
This was a cross-sectional study that involved 216 outpatients who visited Nakivale Health Centre III between July and September 2020. The urine samples were received and examined at the microbiology laboratory of Mbarara University of Science and Technology. The urine samples were cultured and identified. Antibiotic susceptibility was carried out following CLSI recommended guidelines while the presence of genes encoding ESBL was detected using conventional PCR amplification.
The prevalence of UTI was 24.1% (52/216). Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent causative agent, accounting for 22/52 (42.31%) of total isolates, followed by Escherichia coli 21/52(40.38%). Multidrug-resistant isolates accounted for 71.15% (37/52). A total of twenty-one isolates (70.0%) were extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing bacteria. The most prevalent genes were TEM beta-lactamase (blaTEM) and CTX-M beta-lactamase (blaCTX-M).
The prevalence of UTI among refugees in the Nakivale settlement was high which calls for continuous epidemiological surveys to determine the prevalence of multi-drug resistance uropathogens including ESBL-producing organisms across refugee camps in Uganda.
Seed Yield, Seed Attributes and Economics of Alfalfa Seed Production as Influenced by Integrated Nutrient Management During kharif Season under Southern Dry Zone of Karnataka, India
Authors: Desai Nagappa , Mamatha B. , Anitha M. S. , Patil Roopa B.
Published: November 2024

The field experiment was carried out at the farm field of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Konehalli, Tiptur taluk, Tumkuru, Karnataka during Kharif season of 2017-18 to examine the effect of integrated nutrient management on seed yield, seed attributes and net benefit of alfalfa. The experiment was laid out Randomized complete block design (RCBD) comprising nine treatments viz T1 : RDF (25:50:25 kg NPK/ha + 10 t/ha FYM); T2 : 75%  RDF + 25%  N through FYM; T3 :75%  RDF + 25%  N through Vermicompost; T4 :75%  RDF + 25%  N through Poultry manure; T5 : 50%  RDF + 25%  N through FYM + Rhizobium + PSB+VAM ; T6 :50%  RDF + 25%  N through Vermicompost+ Rhizobium + PSB+VAM; T7 :50%  RDF + 25%  N through Poultry manure+ Rhizobium + PSB+VAM ;T8 : RDF + Rhizobium + PSB+VAM ;T9 : 10 t/ha FYM + 100%  N through FYM and replicated four times. The results of experiments revealed that the plants supplied with of 50 % RDF + 25 % N through vermicompost + Rhizobium + PSB + VAM shown highest fresh herb yield at first harvest (160.65 q/ha), herb yield after harvest of seeds (187.50q/ha), 50% flowering (35.00 days), pod initiation (48.50days), pod maturation (73.05 days), while, lower fresh herb yield, pod initiation, pod maturation were recorded when 10 t/ha FYM + 100 % N through FYM was applied. The maximum pod (56.78 %), number of pods (228.75/plant), pod yield (19.90/plant), pod length (6.25 mm), pod weight (87.61 mg), seed set (56.50 %), number of seeds (5.50/pod), test weight (3.33g), seed yield per hectare (223.38kg/ha) and highest net return per hectare were recorded with 50 % RDF + 25 % N through vermicompost + Rhizobium + PSB + VAM. while, poor performance with regard to these parameter were recorded with application of 10 t/ha FYM + 100 % N through FYM. Therefore, application of 50 % RDF + 25 % N through vermicompost + Rhizobium + PSB + VAMmay be recommended for commercial seed productionin Alfalfa during kharif season under southern dry zone of Karnataka.
Adverse Drug Reactions and Safety Profiles in Cardiovascular Drug Therapy: A Pharmacovigilance Analysis
Authors: Izhar. Mansoori , Prashant. Kumar , Gopal. Rai , Shuchi. Dave
Published: November 2024

Aims: The purpose of the study is to identify adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and evaluate patient knowledge of the disease using the Knowledge Assessment Questionnaire (KAQ). This study was designed to compare adverse effects on Cardiovascular Drug Therapy. Adverse drug reaction (ADRs) is a major cause of mortality worldwide. The objective of the present study were a) to find out the prevalence of adverse drug reaction (ADRs) in the hospitalized patient by active surveillance, b) to study the profile of ADRs detected. (3) This study was done in superspecialty hospital Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose medical college & Hospital, Jabalpur, for three month study.
Methodology: This study was Pharmacovigilance group, belonging to department of cardiology at Netajisubhash Chandra bose medical college, Jabalpur M.P. (5) Total number of patients taken for study was 90 in number.
Results and Conclusion: Total 90 subjects were recruited in the study. Drug used for their co morbidities to find out ADRs in which maximum ADRs found in chronic rheumatoid heart diseases, for this diseases patient took in two combination mainly Digoxin with Clopidogrel (47.36%) and another were with atorvastatin, spironolactone and warfarin (47.30% ADRs Adverse drug reactions on particular body system were mostly observed on CNS (32.14% ADRs). According to Naranjonaranjo causality assessment scale applied to this study illustrates that the maximum possible and probable adverse drug reaction were shown on Furosemide as well as for Digoxin and Spironolactone.
An Etiology of Sputum Culture Contamination and their Drugs Susceptibility Patterns among TB-suspected Patients at Epicentre Mbarara Research Centre, Uganda
Authors: Othow Andrew Ajang , Nyehangane Dan , Ampaire Lucas
Published: November 2024

Aims: Contamination in TB cultures is problematic as it allows the growth of non-target bacterial or fungal species in sputum samples, potentially concealing M. tuberculosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, characterization, and drug susceptibility patterns of contaminants in sputum cultures from TB-suspected patients.
Methods: A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2023 to June 2024 at the Epicentre Mbarara Research Centre, involving 81 sputum samples from TB-suspected patients. Conventional decontamination procedures were used, and both solid Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) and liquid Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) culture methods were applied. Standard culture techniques and physicochemical analyses were employed. Bacteria were incubated at 37°C in O2 and Co2 incubators, with growth observed within 24 to 48 hours and up to three days for yeast contaminants. Sabouraud Dextrose Agar cultures were monitored for two weeks for filamentous fungi. Antibiograms for bacterial isolates were determined using the Kirby-Bauer, while broth microdilution was used for fungal isolates.
Results: Of 81 samples, 14(17.28%) were contaminated. The most common bacterial contaminants were Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli. Fungal contaminants included Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium species, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and non-albican Candida species. High resistance to erythromycin (73%) and tetracycline (50%) was noted among bacterial isolates, with sensitivity to vancomycin (67%), gentamycin (60%), and chloramphenicol (58%). Yeast isolates showed (87.5%) susceptibility to itraconazole and (75%) to amphotericin B but (50%) resistance to 5-flucytosine. Mold isolates exhibited (100%) susceptibility to itraconazole, amphotericin B, and 5-flucytosine but complete resistance to caspofungin.
Conclusion: The level of contamination in TB cultures was noted, and Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were observed as the most common contaminants. Bacterial isolates resisted erythromycin and tetracycline, while fungal isolates were generally susceptible to itraconazole and amphotericin B. We recommend Strengthening decontamination and monitoring common resistant contaminants.
Genetic Insights and Epidemiological Models in Understanding Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Umezurike Benedict C. , Akhimien Moses O. , Chukwuka Chidinma , Ejike Thaddaeus C. , Ugwulor Louis , Ajoku Bright , Ijioma Solomon N.
Published: November 2024

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multifactorial chronic optic neuropathy with significant genetic heterogeneity. The pathogenesis of POAG involves an imbalance between the production and drainage of aqueous humor (AH). Genetic theories suggest that transgenic mice demonstrating the GLU50LYS mutation in optineurin (OPTN) experience retinal ganglion cell apoptosis, while mutant myocilin (MYOC) proteins induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to an unfolded protein response (UPR) and subsequent apoptosis of trabecular meshwork cells (TMC). Furthermore, the interaction between MYOC and mitochondria in the trabecular meshwork (TM) and astrocytes may lead to mitochondrial membrane depolarization and calcium channel dysregulation, contributing to POAG. Overexpression of MYOC variants (P370L, Q368X) is also implicated, as are epigenetic modifications and signaling pathways such as histone and DNA modification. POAG has been associated with autosomal dominant inheritance, with mutations in MYOC and OPTN being prominent causative factors, although many cases involve multiple genetic loci. Currently, over 20 genetic loci have been linked to POAG, with 14 chromosomal loci (GLC1A to GLC1N) identified, 5 of which contribute to juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma (JOAG). Of these loci, MYOC, OPTN, WD repeat domain 36 (WDR36), and neurotrophin-4 (NTF4) are the most studied causative genes. The ongoing study of molecular genetics offers potential pathways for future therapeutic advances in the treatment of POAG.
Cultural Diversity, Communication, Inclusivity and Collaboration in Nigerian Workplaces: A Review
Authors: Pepper Ejiroghene Pamela , Olori Helena Oghenevwoke , Kori-Siakpere Ufuoma , Oviawe Rita Eyekonogban , Idiong Omodot Udim , Edohoe Samuel , Sifuna Eugene Balayo , Ododa Confidence , Okpro Iruoghene Jennifer , Adavize Lamidi Ibrahim , Onozare Yahaya Ramatu
Published: November 2024

The increasing cultural diversity in Nigerian workplaces has intensified the need for effective communication strategies to manage intercultural interactions and foster inclusiveness. This study examines the implications of cultural and linguistic diversity within Nigerian organizations, addressing the complexities of navigating ethnic, religious, and linguistic differences. The Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT), Social Identity Theory (SIT), and Intergroup Contact Theory provide foundational frameworks for understanding and managing these dynamics, with CAT highlighting how convergence and divergence in communication styles can bridge or amplify social divides. Through a detailed analysis of Nigerian workplace environments, this paper identifies key communication challenges, including language barriers and identity-driven in-groups, while proposing strategies rooted in CAT, SIT, and Intergroup Contact Theory to enhance collaboration and reduce tensions. Recommendations for organizational management, such as language training and structured intergroup activities, aim to foster a more inclusive and productive environment, acknowledging both the opportunities and challenges posed by Nigeria’s unique socio-cultural landscape.