bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Credit Derivatives : Main Concepts and Pricing
Authors:   LEFMI (Laboratoire d’Economie, Finance, Management et Innovation), University of Picardie Jules Verne, TAHI Sofiane , FARISSI Inass EL ,   LAREF (LAboratoire de Recherche En Finance), ISCAE Casablanca
Published: November 2023

The investors have the possibility to structure and to optimize the risk adjusted performance of their liabilities by diversifying them among several markets and instruments. Credit derivatives are financial instruments which allow a restructuring of the risk/return profiles of credits and permit investors to access new markets. They facilitate the trading of credit risk, its transfer and hedging. They can reduce transaction costs and provide managers a way to "short sell" loans or bonds. They offer to investors the possibility to leverage bond or loan positions. These products complete also the market since they provide a mean to synthesize assets which are not available in the market. This paper surveys the main types of credit derivatives and their valuation. Forward contracts on bonds, Total Return Swaps, Credit Default Swaps, Basket Default Swaps, Credit Default Exchange Swaps, Credit Linked Notes, Basket Default Notes, Levered Portfolio Notes, and Credit Spread Derivatives are subsequently studied in terms of definition, overview, structure, benefits, and pricing.
Peluang Dan Tantangan Sistem Kerja Dakwah Di Tengah Masyarakat Milenial
Authors: Wahid Abdul
Published: November 2023

Pada tulisan ini memuat tentang  peluang dan tantangan  sistem kerja dakwah  di tengah masyarakat milenial. Kehadiran dunia teknologi informasi saat ini yang kemudian disebut. Artinya dengan hadirnya dunia digital terutama dalam sektor komunikasi berpeluang menjadi sarana memudahkan penyebaran pesan-pesan dakwah kepada umat, tanpa harus membutuhkan waktu lama apa lagi didukung dengan massifnya sebaran media sosial di tengah masyarakat seperti facebook, instagram, tiktok, WhatsApp, youtube dan lainnya. Namun di sisi lain hal tersebut juga bisa menjadi tantangan bagi para da’i dalam menggerakkan roda dakwah. Tantangan ini terkait dengan tuntutan kepada para da’i agar familiar dan mampu menguasai perangkat teknologi komunikasi, sehingga sebaran dakwah dapat menjangkau seluruh lapisan umat terutama mereka yang disebut generasi milenial. Generasi milenial adalah masyarakat sosial yang melek dan adaptif pada teknologi. Mereka cenderung suka memanfaatkan teknologi untuk mempermudah segala aktivitas, tak terkecuali aktivitas ekonomi, sosial, budaya dan informasi keagamaan. Dalam aspek ekonomi generasi milenial memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi dimana cara pembayarannya tidak menggunakan uang tunai melainkan mobile lewat ATM dan aplikasi yang terhubung dengan internet di android yang mereka miliki.
Challenges and Insights in Aggregatibacter aphrophilus endocarditis: a review of literature
Authors: Zacarías Mendoza Nathalie Victoria , Gamarra Valverde Norma Nicole , Robles Velarde Víctor Justo
Published: November 2023

Infective endocarditis is a serious disease associated with high mortality despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment. Aggregatibacter aphrophilus is a fastidious Gram-negative member of the HACEK organisms (Haemophilus spp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae). A. aphrophilus is associated with dental infections but has also been implicated in cases of infective endocarditis. We highlight the importance of a high index of suspicion in symptomatic patients with an initial negative blood culture, particularly in high-risk groups such as patients with congenital valve disease and prosthetic valve. The knowledge of this rare entity may lead to early diagnosis and appropriate management. We review the main characteristics of Aggregatibacter aphrophilus endocarditis reported in the medical literature.
Efectividad de la prevención terciaria en la calidad de vida y control de los factores de riesgo en pacientes con cardiopatía coronaria isquémica
Authors: Fernández Coronado Rosalía , Olórtegui Yzu Adriel
Published: November 2023

Objective. Determine the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as a tertiary prevention strategy in the quality of life and control of risk factors of patients with  ischemic coronary heart disease (ICC) of the National Cardiovascular Institute (INCOR) of EsSalud- Lima during  the year 2018. Materials and methods. A retrospective cohort of 280 patients with a diagnosis of CCI was studied  who, after medical, interventional, or surgical treatment, were referred to the INCOR CR program for tertiary prevention (PT) in 2018. The program was developed according to the institutional guide for eight weeks with  exercise sessions and educational, psychological, nutritional, and recreational workshops. At the beginning and at the end of this, the QLMI-2 quality of life test was applied, and anthropometric, laboratory, and risk factor  control measurements were performed. Results. Quality of life levels at the end of CR showed a statistically significant improvement in the emotional, social, physical, and global dimensions (p < 0.001). The same behavior was observed for the nutritional variables of weight, abdominal circumference, and BMI (p < 0.001). Physical capacity showed a statistically significant improvement in the aspects of muscle strength (12.2%), physical activity (38.0%), and functional capability (25.4%) (p < 0.001). The result was not homogeneous for the biochemical metabolic variables, where glycosylated hemoglobin, glycemia, and lipid profile did not show significant improvement, except for HDL, which raised its levels statistically significantly (p < 0.001). Conclusions. CR is effective as a central strategy to perform tertiary prevention in patients with ICC since it notably improves quality of life and coronary risk factors.
Liberális világrend vagy új hidegháború? Az amerikai–kínai kapcsolatok alakulása
Authors: Rada Péter , Varga Ádám Máté
Published: November 2023

Oroszország Ukrajna ellen indított katonai agressziója vitathatatlanul megkérdőjelezte az Amerikai Egyesült Államok által kiépített liberális/ nyugati világrendet, de a Moszkvára irányuló figyelem ellenére sem szabad megfeledkezni Pekingről. Egyre többen vélik úgy, hogy Washington hanyatlásával és a multipolaritásba forduló tendenciákkal, valamint a Kína és az USA között kialakuló „új hidegháborúval” kell számolni a következő évtizedben. E tanulmány – amely hozzá kíván járulni az amerikai–kínai viszonyra fókuszáló magyar szakirodalmi kutatásokhoz – ezért mindkét fél nézőpontjából értelmezi és jellemzi a nemzetközi rendszert. A kiinduló alapfelvetése, hogy a liberális világrendnek Kína is a szerves részévé vált, és az ideológiai ellentétek dacára jelenleg is számos előnyt biztosít számára az ahhoz való bizonyos fokú igazodás. Ha meg akarjuk tudni, hogy a jövőben milyen külpolitikát kíván folytatni, ismernünk kell a két állam belső feltételeit és a nemzetközi térben várható stratégiai lépéseit is.
Izrael és az ENSZ : A kétállamos megoldás és a megszállás értelmezési nehézségei
Authors: Paragi Beáta
Published: November 2023

Az izraeli–palesztin kapcsolatok vizsgálata esetén egyfajta tudományos dogmának számít, hogy a probléma oka az izraeli megszállás, a megoldás pedig a terület két államra történő felosztása. E logikai keretben az izraeli telepek számítanak a gondok fő forrásának, mivel azokat – a megszállást szabályozó nemzetközi humanitárius joggal ellentétben – a leendő (remélt) palesztin állam területén hozták létre az évtizedek során. E tanulmány célja annak a megvilágítása, hogy miért is nehéz megszállásnak tekinteni Izraelnek a palesztin területeken való jelenlétét és tevékenységét, illetve mit szándékozik tenni az ENSZ annak érdekében, hogy a megszállás helyett alternatív értelmezési és vonatkoztatási keretet teremtsen. A kérdések megválaszolásához elsősorban a palesztin területek státuszával kapcsolatosan eddig megjelent hivatalos és tudományos forrásokat, a Nemzetközi Bíróság állásfoglalását kérő ENSZ-közgyűlési határozatot (2022), illetve az annak hátterét adó beszámolókat használtam fel. Ahogy azt a levont következtetések is jelzik, vagy Izrael képtelen a palesztin területek határai felett is ellenőrzést gyakorló hatalomként a nemzetközi jogi normák betartására, vagy a nemzetközi jog által ismert fogalmi keretek alkalmatlanok a probléma kezelésére.
Átalakulóban a nemzetközi pénzügyi rendszer
Authors: Botos Katalin
Published: November 2023

A tanulmány a második világháború után életbe lépett Bretton Woods-i nemzetközi pénzügyi rendszer evolúcióját mutatja be. Az USA monetáris politikája kihat a világ többi országára is. A dollárkamatok emelkedése az 1980-as években eladósodási csapdába sodorta a fejlődő országokat, s ez napjainkban ismétlődni látszik. Az amerikai vezető gazdasági pozíciót Kína eddigi gyors fejlődése megkérdőjelezi, s ez a pénzügyi szférában is tükröződik: Peking lett a dollárban eladósodott fejlődő államok egyik legnagyobb bilaterális hitelezője. Ezek az országok megpróbálnak egy nem dollár alapon működő pénzügyi rendszert létrehozni: kísérleteznek kétoldalú és multilaterális klíringgel, nemzeti valutákban történő elszámolással és egy kompozit valuta létrehozásával is. Az Ukrajna megtámadása után kitört szankcióháború további ösztönzést adott ennek, hogy az Oroszországgal kapcsolatban álló gazdaságok kikerülhessék a nyugati szankciókat. A jegybanki digitalizáció segítheti az országok közötti közvetlen pénzügyi kapcsolatokat. Úgy tűnik, a világ pénzügyi rendszere kettéválás előtt áll. Ez a törésvonalukon lévő kis országok, így hazánk számára nehéz helyzetet teremt.
Reménysugár a turizmusárnyékban: a túlturizmus és annak lehetséges megoldásai
Authors: Tevely Titanilla Virág
Published: November 2023

Recenzió. Hugues Séraphin, Tatiana Gladkikh és Tan Vo Thanh (szerk.): Overtourism. Causes, Implications and Solutions, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020, 455 o.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE SÍNDROME METABÓLICA E RIGIDEZ ARTERIAL
Authors:   Centro Universitário - FTC. Curso de Medicina, de Almeida Viterbo Catarina , Dourado de Oliveira Nogueira João Vítor ,   Centro Universitário - FTC. Curso de Medicina, Ferreira dos Santos Borges Ronald ,   Centro Universitário - FTC. Curso de Medicina, Batista N. Cunha Magalhães Lucélia ,   Centro Universitário FTC. Faculdade de Medicina
Published: November 2023

Introdução: A síndrome metabólica (SM) é considerada um importante fator de risco para doenças cardiovasculares por promover mudanças biomecânicas nas paredes dos vasos que acarretam rigidez arterial (RA). Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a síndrome metabólica e rigidez arterial. Além de descrever a população de estudo segundo características sociodemográficas e clínicas. Métodos: Estudos transversal de base populacional, na área restrita do Vale do Ogunjá, Salvador-Bahia. Foram obtidos dados sociodemográficos, por meio de questionário e dados clínicos. A VOP foi avaliada por tonometria de aplanação com o aparelho SphygmoCor® (AtCor Medical Pty Ltd, New South Wales, Austrália). Foram obtidas medidas de frequência e descritivas de central e dispersão, e o teste Qui-quadrado para análise estatística. Resultados: A VOP alterada foi mais prevalente em indivíduos que foram diagnosticados com a síndrome metabólica (37,2%), com uma razão de prevalência 2,0 vezes maiores quando comparados aos indivíduos hígidos (IC95%: 0,86 – 4,45). Houve também maior prevalência da RA no sexo masculino (30,4%), na faixa etária entre 40 a 74 anos (38,7%), em autodeclarados preto/pardo (27,4%), em divorciados/viúvos (38,9%) e com baixo nível de escolaridade (38,5%). As diferenças proporcionais entre os indivíduos com e sem rigidez arterial foram estatisticamente significantes entre as variáveis escolaridade (p=0,022), faixa etária (p=0,001) e hipertensão arterial (p=0,000). Por outro lado, não foram encontradas diferenças proporcionais estatisticamente significantes (p>0,05) entre as variáveis sexo, cor e estado civil, assim como para a síndrome metabólica e as variáveis que fazem parte da sua definição (hipertrigliceridemia, HDL, glicemia de jejum e obesidade abdominal), com exceção da hipertensão arterial. Conclusão: Apesar da maior prevalência de rigidez arterial em indivíduos com síndrome metabólica, não foi encontrada uma associação estatisticamente significante entre essas duas variáveis. Foi possível verificar uma associação estatisticamente significante entre a hipertensão arterial, indivíduos com idade mais avançada e com baixo nível de escolaridade e a rigidez arterial.
ASSOCIAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL COM PRESSÃO ARTERIAL DE ESCOLARES DO MUNICÍPIO DE PORTO ALEGRE
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre – UFCSPA. Curso de Graduação em Nutrição, Saldanha de Souza Nicole , Irigoyen Maria Cláudia ,   Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia – IC/FUC. Laboratório de Investigação, Botelho Vinholes Daniele ,   . Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre – UFCSPA. Departamento de Saúde Coletiva
Published: November 2023

Introdução: De acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde, as Doenças Cardiovasculares têm sido a principal causa de morte nas últimas duas décadas. Como fatores de risco para estas doenças podemos citar o excesso de peso e níveis alterados de pressão arterial. Mudanças nesse panorama requerem, principalmente, um foco na prevenção dessas doenças. Identificar o aumento dos níveis pressóricos precocemente e avaliar o estado nutricional da população mais jovem é de extrema importância para a prevenção de doenças crônicas, especialmente as cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre estado nutricional e pressão arterial em escolares do município de Porto Alegre/RS. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com crianças e adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 7 e 17 anos de escolas públicas e privadas no município de Porto Alegre. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 1.228 indivíduos. Em relação ao estado nutricional e aos níveis pressóricos, a maioria dos estudantes encontra-se na faixa de normalidade. As variáveis idade, sexo, tipo de escola e classificação do IMC mantiveram-se associadas à prevalência de Hipertensão arterial, mesmo após ajuste para estas variáveis de confusão. Conclusão: No presente trabalho, foi encontrada associação entre o estado nutricional e os níveis de pressão arterial de crianças e adolescentes. Contudo, são necessários mais estudos que explorem as possíveis causas, hereditárias, ambientais e comportamentais para tais achados.
Analisis Kebutuhan dan Rancang Bangun Sistem Manajemen Persediaan UMKM Berbasis Website di era Society 5.0
Authors: Harlan Fandy Bestario , Yulinda Yulinda , Zainuddin Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Pesatnya persaingan usaha di Indonesia, mendorong para pelaku usaha untuk dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi proses operasionalnya yang diharapkan dapat berdampak pada produktivitas dan kinerjanya. Salah satu strategi yang digunakan oleh perusahaan dalam meningkatkan produktivitas dan kinerjanya adalah penggunaan teknologi digital. Sehingga penulis ingin meneliti analisis kebutuhan UMKM terhadap sistem manajemen persediaan berbasis website pada saat ini dan bagaimana desain dan rancang bangun sistem manajemen persediaan yang sangat cocok untuk UMKM berbasis website di era society 5.0. Pada penelitian ini yang pertama kali dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan observasi dan identifikasi kebutuhan sistem manajemen persediaan bagi UMKM dalam kegiatan operasional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil observasi lapangan dan data kuesioner, saat ini beberapa UMKM belum menggunakan bantuan teknologi digital.
Implementasi Telegram Bot untuk Proses Automatisasi Rekapan Data Menggunakan Metode Webhook
Authors: Utomo Ari Budi , Latipah Latipah , Achlaq Mochamad Mizanul
Published: November 2023

Kopegtel Mliwis Bojonegoro merupakan salah satu mitra perusahaan PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia yang bergerak aktif dibidang jaringan telekomunikasi. Kopegtel Mliwis Bojonegoro memanfaatkan aplikasi telegram messenger untuk sarana bertukar informasi antar pribadi maupun grub salah satunya yaitu untuk perekapan data order pasang sambung jaringan pelanggan. Perekapan data order pasang sambung jaringan pelanggan adalah salah satu pekerjaan dari petugas staff kantor Kopegtel yang bertugas menginputkan data order pelanggan kedalam sistem, dimana setiap pekerjaan yang telah diselesaikan oleh seorang teknisi dalam pemasangan sambung baru jaringan akan dikirim kedalam grub tertentu pada telegram messenger.  Maka dari itu penulis mencoba menawarkan bagaimana memanfaatkan aplikasi Telegram dengan memanfaatkan Telegram Bot API dengan menggunakan metode webhook. Pada pengembangan sistem yang penulis tawarkan, penulis menggunakan pendekatan metode SDLC (Systems Development Life Cycle). Dimana terdapat 5 tahapan dalam pengembangannya: Analisys, Design, Implementation, Enforcement, Enhancement. Dengan tujuan membuat sebuah laporan informasi mengenai data dari pelanggan yang sudah melakukan pemasangan layanan jaringan yang telah live dengan cepat tanpa harus menginputkan data satu per satu. Dari hasil pengujian, Bot Telegram telah berjalan sesuai dengan perancangan.
Müller steuert im Vertrieb um
Authors: Mende Jan , Müller Annette
Published: November 2023

Müller verliert in der Drogerie Marktanteile und Frequenz. Der Händler stockt nun den ausgedünnten Vertrieb wieder auf und fährt verstärkt Rabatte.
Bluu Seafood plant Zellfisch in größeren Mengen
Authors: Adelhardt Andrea
Published: November 2023

Das Startup Bluu Seafood gilt in Europa als führendes Unternehmen für Kulturfisch. Zeitnah will der Hersteller in Singapur und den USA Anträge für zellbasierte Fischstäbchen und Fischbällchen stellen. Parallel zum Markteintritt arbeitet das Unternehmen daran, mehr Masse zu produzieren.
Pengenalan Batik Simbut Sebagai Upaya Stimulasi Aspek Perkembangan pada Anak Usia Dini Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Tumbuh
Authors: Mahardika Bagus , Putra Andi Purnawan
Published: November 2023

Batik simbut meruapakan jenis batik yang ramah lingkungan dan tidak berbahaya bila dilakukan oleh anak-anak. Saat ini banyak pendidik yang kesulitan dalam mengenalkan batik karena menggunakan malam panas yang beresiko serta berbahaya untuk anak, maka pemanfaatan batik simbut ini sangat cocok diterapkan untuk jenjang anak usia dini. Tujuan kegiatan ini, peneliti ingin mengetahui bagaimana pengunaan batik simbut sebagai upaya stimulasi aspek perkembangan pada anak usia dini. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegitanan ini adalah tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan evalusi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dengan penggunakan batik simbut aspek perkembangan anak dapat terstimulasi dengan optimal meliputi aspek moral spiritual, fisik motoric, kognitif, bahasa, social emosional, dan seni kreatifitas yang dapat dikembangkan melalui kegiatan pembuatan batik simbut.
Red Cell Distribution Width and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio as A New Biomarker for Severity in Rheumatoid Arthritis and its Comparison with DAS 28 ESR Score
Authors: Sarah Azam Shah  , Taqdees Khaliq  , Khadija Iftikhar  , Saad Saleem
Published: November 2023

Objective: To determine the association of red cell distribution width (RDW)and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)with the severity of rheumatoid arthritis by using DAS28 ESR. Additionally, toxic granulations were assessed as an indicator of disease severity.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Rheumatology Outpatient Department, Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital, IslamabadPakistan, from Dec 2020 to Jun 2021.
Methodology: Two hundred ninety rheumatoid arthritis patients were included. DAS 28 ESR was calculated using the DAS 28 ESR calculator, and RDW and NLR were extracted from the complete blood picture and peripheral smears.
Results: There were 238(82.1%) female and 52 17.9%) male study participants. The mean age of patients was 45.2±12.8. The mean RDW, NLR and DAS 28 ESR in the study were 45.67±4.25, 2.93±1.35 and 4.29±1.25, respectively. Toxic granulations on peripheral smears were also found in 188(64.8%) patients. A significant positive association was found using the Spearman rho correlation between the DAS28 ESR score, RDW and NLR (p-value 0.024 and <0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: Red cell distribution width and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, along with toxic granulations, can be used as reliable biomarkers of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Values higher than the reference range indicate higher disease severity.
Beta Thalassemia Mutation Analysis in Fetal Samples for Optimal Mutation Screening Strategy
Authors: Anwer Muhammad Umar , Manzar Bozdar  , Syeda Samia Shafaat  , Syeda Hina Shah
Published: November 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of various beta-thalassemia mutations in the prenatal period and ascertain the spectrum of mutations to optimise mutation analysis with cost reduction in testing.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Molecular Hematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP)/National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi Pakistan from Jul 2021 to Jan 2022.
Methodology: Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was performed at 12-16 weeks of gestation in target couples where both parents were known β-thalassemia carriers. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from fetal tissues, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed, and mutations were analysed with controls on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).
Results: Out of a total of 87 CVS samples, 17(19.5%) showed no mutation, 25(28.7%) had Beta-thalassemia major, and 45 (51.7%) were beta-thalassemia trait (heterozygous). Eight mutations were detected in the study population, and the three most common mutations were Fr 8/9, IVS 1/5 and Cd 15. Comparatively less common mutations included Cd 5, Fr 41/42, Fr 16, IVS 1/1 and Cap+1. Ethnical distribution of these mutations showed high frequency in Pathans and Punjabis compared to Sindhis, Balochis, Saraikis and Kashmiris.
Conclusion: The commonly detected prevalent thalassemia mutations must be tested to provide cost-effective facilities in our resource-constrained country. This study will help in future testing strategies and optimisation of mutation analysis in our country.
Understanding offshore high-ozone events during TRACER-AQ 2021 in Houston: insights from WRF–CAMx photochemical modeling
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Yuxuan , Liu Xueying , Soleimanian Ehsan , Griggs Travis , Flynn James , Walter Paul
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Mechanisms for high offshore ozone (O3) events in the Houston area have not been systematically examined due to limited O3 measurements over water. In this study, we used the datasets collected by three boats deployed in Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico during the Tracking Aerosol Convection Interactions ExpeRiment – Air Quality (TRACER-AQ) field campaign period (September 2021), in combination with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) coupled Comprehensive Air quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) modeling system (WRF–CAMx), to investigate the reasons for high offshore O3. The model can capture the spatiotemporal variability in the daytime (10:00–18:00 central daylight time, CDT) O3 for the three boats (R > 0.7) but tends to overestimate O3 by ∼ 10 ppb on clean days and underestimate O3 by ∼ 3 ppb during high-O3 events. The process analysis tool in CAMx identifies O3 chemistry as the major process leading to high-O3 concentrations. The region-wide increase in the long-lived volatile organic compounds (VOCs) through advection transits O3 formation to be more sensitive to NOx, leading to more O3 production under a NOx-limited regime. In addition, the VOC-limited O3 formation is also boosted along western Galveston Bay and the Gulf Coast under high-NOx conditions brought by the northeasterly winds from the Houston Ship Channel. Two case studies illustrate that high offshore O3 events can develop under both large- and mesoscale circulations, indicating both the regional and local emissions need to be stringently controlled. Wind conditions are demonstrated to be important meteorological factors in such events, so they must be well represented in photochemical models to forecast air quality over the urban coastal regions accurately.
Atmospheric impacts of chlorinated very short-lived substances over the recent past – Part 2: Impacts on ozone
Authors: Bednarz Ewa M. , Hossaini Ryan , Chipperfield Martyn P.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer remains an ongoing environmental issue, with increasing stratospheric chlorine from very short-lived substances (VSLS) recently emerging as a potential but uncertain threat to its future recovery. Here the impact of chlorinated VSLS (Cl-VSLS) on past ozone is quantified, for the first time, using the UM–UKCA (Unified Model–United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol) chemistry-climate model. Model simulations nudged to reanalysis fields show that in the second decade of the 21st century Cl-VSLS reduced total column ozone by, on average, ∼ 2–3 DU (Dobson unit) in the springtime high latitudes and by ∼0.5 DU in the annual mean in the tropics. The largest ozone reductions were simulated in the Arctic in the springs of 2011 and 2020. During the recent cold Arctic winter of 2019/20 Cl-VSLS resulted in local ozone reductions of up to ∼7 % in the lower stratosphere and of ∼7 DU in total column ozone by the end of March. Despite nearly doubling of Cl-VSLS contribution to stratospheric chlorine over the early 21st century, the inclusion of Cl-VSLS in the nudged simulations does not substantially modify the magnitude of the simulated recent ozone trends and, thus, does not help to explain the persistent negative ozone trends that have been observed in the extra-polar lower stratosphere. The free-running simulations, on the other hand, suggest Cl-VSLS-induced amplification of the negative tropical lower-stratospheric ozone trend by ∼20 %, suggesting a potential role of the dynamical feedback from Cl-VSLS-induced chemical ozone loss. Finally, we calculate the ozone depletion potential of dichloromethane, the most abundant Cl-VSLS, at 0.0107. Our results illustrate a so-far modest but nonetheless non-negligible role of Cl-VSLS in contributing to the stratospheric ozone budget over the recent past that if continues could offset some of the gains achieved by the Montreal Protocol.
A portable reflected-sunlight spectrometer for CO2 and CH4
Authors: Löw Benedikt A. , Kleinschek Ralph , Enders Vincent , Sander Stanley P. , Pongetti Thomas J. , Schmitt Tobias D. , Hase Frank , Kostinek Julian , Butz André
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Mapping the greenhouse gases (GHGs) carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) above source regions such as urban areas can deliver insights into the distribution and dynamics of local emission patterns. Here, we present the prototype development and an initial performance evaluation of a portable spectrometer that allows for measuring CO2 and CH4 concentrations integrated along a long (>10 km) horizontal path component through the atmospheric boundary layer above a target region. To this end, the spectrometer is positioned at an elevated site from which it points downward at reflection targets in the region, collecting the reflected sunlight at shallow viewing angles. The path-integrated CO2 and CH4 concentrations are inferred from the absorption fingerprint in the shortwave–infrared (SWIR) spectral range. While mimicking the concept of the stationary California Laboratory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing – Fourier Transform Spectrometer (CLARS-FTS) in Los Angeles, our portable setup requires minimal infrastructure and is straightforward to duplicate and to operate in various locations. For performance evaluation, we deployed the instrument, termed EM27/SCA, side by side with the CLARS-FTS at the Mt. Wilson Observatory (1670 m a.s.l.) above Los Angeles for a 1-month period in April/May 2022. We determined the relative precision of the retrieved slant column densities (SCDs) for urban reflection targets to be 0.36 %–0.55 % for O2, CO2 and CH4, where O2 is relevant for light path estimation. For the partial vertical column (VCD) below instrument level, which is the quantity carrying emission information, the propagated precision errors amount to 0.75 %–2 % for the three gases depending on the distance to the reflection target and solar zenith angle. The comparison to simultaneous CLARS-FTS measurements shows good consistency, but the observed diurnal patterns highlight the need to take light scattering into account to enable detection of emission patterns.
Diabatic effects on the evolution of storm tracks
Authors: Marcheggiani Andrea , Spengler Thomas
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Despite the crucial role of moist diabatic processes in mid-latitude storm tracks and related model biases, we still lack a more complete theoretical understanding of how diabatic processes affect the evolution of storm tracks. To alleviate this shortcoming, we investigate the role of diabatic processes in the evolution of the northern hemispheric storm tracks using a framework based on the tendency of the slope of isentropic surfaces as a measure of baroclinic development. We identify opposing behaviours in the near-surface and free troposphere for the relationship between the flattening of the slope of isentropic surfaces and its restoration by diabatic processes. Near the surface (900–825 hPa), cold air advection associated with cold air outbreaks initially acts to flatten isentropic surfaces, with air–sea interactions ensuing to restore surface baroclinicity. In the free troposphere (750–350 hPa), on the other hand, the diabatic generation of the slope of isentropic surfaces precedes its depletion due to tilting by eddies, suggesting the primary importance of moist diabatic processes in triggering subsequent baroclinic development. The same phasing between diabatic and tilting tendencies of the slope is observed both in upstream and downstream sectors of the North Atlantic and North Pacific storm tracks. This suggests that the reversed behaviour between near-surface and free troposphere is a general feature of mid-latitude storm tracks. In addition, we find a correspondence between the diabatic generation of the slope of isentropic surfaces and enhanced precipitation as well as moisture availability, further underlining the crucial role of moisture and moist processes in the self-maintenance of storm tracks.
Analysis on the Role of Picture Books in Children's Cognitive Development Education
Authors: Chen Menglin , Huang Yu-Che
Published: November 2023

Picture books have been a staple in children's literature for centuries, with the earliest known examples dating back to the 15th century. These books are designed to engage young readers through a combination of words and pictures, to develop literacy skills and promote cognitive development. Picture books are an important tool for teaching young children new words and concepts as well as providing them with education. Numerous studies have investigated the effects that reading aloud together has on the relationships that develop between parents and children. A brand-new line of research has recently been initiated to investigate the qualities of children's picture books that encourage learning and the application of that education in the wider world. Children's symbolic development, analogical reasoning, and thinking that is rooted in fantasy may impede their ability to retrieve information from picture books, according to the findings of the research presented here. After that, we take a look at the developing corpus of research on the effect of picture book characteristics on children's learning and transfer of scientific concepts, problem-solving skills, morals, and words and letters from picture books. In each area of learning, we investigate how the development of children might interact with the qualities of books in order to influence their acquisition of knowledge. We come to the conclusion that the ability of children to learn and transfer knowledge from picture books can be hampered by certain book qualities, and that future research should examine the interplay between the developing capacities of children and the characteristics of books and how they affect their learning.
Andrzej Laskarz z Gosławic herbu Godziemba, biskup poznański
Authors: Frontczyk Marian
Published: November 2023

Niniejsze opracowanie jest pierwszą próbą monografii Andrzeja Łaskarza, dyplomaty, doktora praw, uczestnika soborów, reformatora i biskupa poznańskiego w latach 1414-1426. Monografia może być przyczynkiem do historii Kościoła w Polsce, a zwłaszcza Archidiecezji Poznańskiej, która w roku 1968 obchodziła swoje tysiąclecie.
Do artykułu dołączono 3 dokumenty: 1) Mowę elektora poznańskiego, Andrzeja Łaskarza, delegowanego z ramienia Polskiego Króla i Wielkiego Księcia Litwy na Sobór w Konstancji, wystosowana do Cesarza Zygmunta na rozpoczęcie Soboru, w styczniu 1415 roku, traktująca o pokoju i jedności Kościoła, zobowiązująca Cesarza do podjęcia w tym celu odpowiednich starań; 2) Przemowę Andrzeja Łaskarza, nominata biskupa poznańskiego, legata Króla Polskiego i Księcia Litewskiego, wygłoszona do papieża Jana XXIII na początku soboru w Konstancji, w styczniu roku 1414, o pokorze, która przystoi papieżowi, lub o dobrowolnym zrzeczeniu się papiestwa; 3) Transkrypcja tekstu listu łacińskiego Andrzeja Łaskarza do Zbigniewa Oleśnickiego.
Effect of Nigella sativa Seed Supplementation on Hematology, Acid-base Parameters, and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Nubian Goat Fed an Aflatoxin Contaminated Diet
Authors: Elfaki Mahmoud O. A. , Elkhair Nawal M.
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Nigella sativa (NS) seed supplementation on hematology, acid-base parameters, and serum biochemical parameters in Nubian goats fed an Aflatoxin-contaminated diet. In a completely randomized design, 20 growing male goats (aged 8-9 months; 11±0.5 kg) were allocated to five treatments (4 goats/treatment). The control group (G1) received a basal diet. The treatment groups received the same diet contaminated with 150 ppb Aflatoxin (G2), and other treatments received an Aflatoxin-contaminated diet supplemented with different levels of crushed NS seeds 2% (G3), 4% (G4), and 6% (G5). Blood samples were collected after 40 day feeding period to determine blood pH, glucose, hematological and biochemical parameters. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the significant differences among the treatments. Hemoglobin concentration (Hb), total erythrocytes count (TEC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), serum total protein (TP), and globulins (GB) were significantly (P≤0.05) decreased by Aflatoxin-contaminated diet, whereas total leukocytes count (TLC) increased (P≤0.05). Supplementing NS seeds to an Aflatoxin-contaminated diet significantly (P≤0.05) increased Hb, TEC, TP, and GB. Lipid profile and serum liver enzymes were significantly (P≤0.05) increased by an Aflatoxin-contaminated diet. Supplementing NS seeds to an Aflatoxin-contaminated diet caused a decrease (P≤0.05) in lipid profile and serum liver enzymes. Supplementing NS seeds to an Aflatoxin-contaminated diet resulted in a good performance and improved physiological status, the superior effect to an Aflatoxin-contaminated diet supplemented with 6% NS seeds. The study recommended supplementing 6% NS seeds to goat diets to reduce suspected Aflatoxin contamination. Further investigations are needed to assess the protective effect of NS seeds in other animal species fed on Aflatoxin-contaminated diets.
Flow cytometry and its use in modern human and veterinary andrology
Authors: Cenariu Diana , Jon Thor Bergthorsson , Victor Greiff , Valentin Toma , Mihai Cenariu
Published: November 2023

Fertility of a male is sometimes difficult to assess and results obtained using regular sperm analysis methods are often inconclusive. Flow cytometry was proven to generate crucial information, that allows specialists to conclude upon the reproductive capacity of an individual. Together with computer assisted sperm analysis CASA systems, flow cytometers allow an in-depth analysis of fresh, chilled or frozen/thawed semen, which is currently essential for research purposes, but also for diagnosis of various male-related fertility disorders, both in veterinary and human medicine. Several parameters can be assessed using this method, such as sperm viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity, concentration and total sperm number, DNA fragmentation, capacitation, oxidative stress, etc. This paper provides a rapid reference to specialists involved in semen analysis by flow cytometry, regarding semen sample preparation, instrument setup, and evaluation of the most important sperm parameters (viability, acrosome reaction and mitochondrial activity).
The Effect of N-95 Mask on PEFR, Blood Pressure and 6-Minute Walk Distance among Geriatrics
Authors: Gupta Payal , Gupta Gagan , Pandya Viral
Published: November 2023

Background and Objective: Corona virus also called COVID -19 first appeared in Wuhan, China and then after, it spread to the whole world. This pandemic impacted everybody in enormous ways. As a protective measure the use of face mask became mandatory at that time which in turn influenced people’s life especially that of geriatrics. As with the advancing age, there is reduction in the functional efficiency of multiple systems including cardio-respiratory system and mask may further compromise the functioning of CV system by causing hindrance in the gaseous exchange. Objective of this study was to observe the effect of mask on cardio-respiratory functional status among geriatrics.
Material and Methodology: It was an observational study; 80 subjects were taken for the study that fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Each subject performed the 6MWTs, first without mask and then with mask with 30 minutes rest between the two tests. PEFR, SBP, DBP were taken before and after 6MWTs.
Result: Result was analyzed with SPSS 20. Mann-Whitney U Test was used to compare the outcome measures between the two situations (Without mask and with mask). The result indicates significant difference in SBP and DBP values with mask when compared to no mask. Whereas no significant difference found in PEFR values and 6MWT distance with mask when compared to no mask.
Conclusion: It has been found that the N-95 mask increases blood pressure but it does not have any effect on PEFR and 6 MWD among geriatric population.

Key words: N-95 Mask, Blood pressure, peak expiratory flow rate, 6-minute Walk Distance, Geriatrics
Normative Reference Values For 6 Minute Step Test in Healthy Individuals: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ajmera Roshani , Nagarwala Raziya , Sahasrabudhe Prajakta
Published: November 2023

Background: Exercise capacity plays an essential role in determining quality of life in both disease & health. Field tests can be used to determine aerobic capacity since they are easy to perform. The step test is another exercise test that can be used to assess aerobic capacity. An alternative to 6MWT is 6-minute step test which is a self-paced test. The 6-minute step test (6MST) requires less time and space to be performed and might be used as an alternative to assess exercise capacity in primary care.
Materials and methodology: 300 healthy participants of both genders were included. Each participant performed a 6-minute step test on a 20 cm high wooden step. The participants were instructed to walk up and down the step as much as possible within the time duration. Individuals with neuromuscular, orthopedic, or cardiopulmonary diseases were excluded from study. Pre & post vitals such as heart rate & SPO2 were recorded. The steps were counted by the therapist.
Results: The included participants were divided by age range, in years: 20-29 (n= 60), 30-39 (n=54), 40-49 (n=51), 50-59 (n=51), 60-69 (n=44), 70-80 (n=40). The normality of the data was assessed using Shapiro-wilk test. The mean number of steps climbed during the 6MST for men and women in the age group of 20-80 years was 139±27 & 137±24 respectively. The difference in the number of steps according to the age group was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). Difference in the number of steps according to the gender was also seen(p<0.05).
Conclusion: These normative reference values for 6 MST found in our study will help determine & compare deviations from these norms. The study found that number of steps decreased as the age advanced, younger adults performed better than older adults & men performed better than women.

Key words: 6-minute step test, exercise tolerance test, Normative values, field test, fitness testing
The Islamic effect: Exploring the dynamics of Islamic events on sustainable performance of Islamic and conventional stock markets
Authors: Almaida Asty , Abbas Ulfat , Watto Waqas Ahmad , Asdullah Muhammad Ashar , Fahlevi Mochammad , Ichdan Dany Amrul
Published: November 2023

This study attempts to investigate the effects of Islamic events on both Islamic and conventional stock markets and analyze which market reacts more pronouncedly to these events. From 2012 to 2022, the research used daily stock return data from eight nations: Kuwait, India, Nigeria, Malaysia, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. The study examines how Islamic holidays such as Ashura, Eid Meelad ul Nabi, Eid ul Azha, and Ramadan affect both Islamic and Western stock markets. The researchers use the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (GARCH) model to analyze the data. The results of this analysis show that Islamic events in India, Nigeria, Malaysia, Pakistan, and Qatar have a strong and favorable link with Islamic stock returns. However, it was discovered that there is a little correlation between Islamic events and Islamic stock returns in the remaining three nations. The study also reveals a strong and favorable correlation between Islamic events and conventional stock performance in all countries. By offering a comparative analysis of the effect of Islamic events on Islamic stock markets and mainstream stock markets, these findings add to the body of current material. Every religion has its own set of rituals that its adherents observe, and these rituals frequently have an impact on different economic and non-economic activities. This study sheds light on the precise connection between these events and stock market performance by examining the impact of Islamic occasions on both Islamic and conventional stock markets.
The relationship between supply chain management and environmental sustainability: The mediating role of eco culinary product
Authors: Untari Dhian Tyas , Satria Budi
Published: November 2023

Betawi Ora is an indigenous tribe that lives in Bekasi which is a region of West Java. In terms of cultural distribution, Betawi itself is a tribe originating from Jakarta, but geographically it spreads to the West Java region. The existence of Eco-culinary products cannot be separated from the supply chain management system and environmental sustainability because Eco-culinary is a food that represents the existence of raw materials provided by the environment where the community exists. Based on the background and urgency of this research, the purpose of this research is to find out the relationship between Supply Chain Management, Eco-culinary Product and Environmental Sustainability both directly and indirectly where Eco-culinaru Product mediates the relationship between Supply Chain variables Management and Environmental Sustainability variables. The respondents in this study were 210 managers of Betawi Ora restaurants in Bekasi West Java, Indonesia and employees who maintain supply chain management in that restaurant. Data collection and processing were carried out using the Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA) method. The analytical approach uses the least squares method in the parameter estimation process. The research method is a quantitative survey, analysis of research data is performed using structural equation modeling partial least squares (SEM-PLS) with statistical data processing tools, namely Smart PLS 4.0 software. Results of this research show that supply chain management had a significant effect on environmental sustainability which is mediated by eco-culinary products. Thus, it can be concluded that good quality of supply chain management will be able to produce quality products, and it must be an important consideration that the goal of everything is to create and maintain Environmental Sustainability.
Quản lí hoạt động công tác xã hội hóa giáo dục ở các trường tiểu học thành phố Long Xuyên, tỉnh An Giang
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngân
Published: November 2023

Xã hội hoá giáo dục là một chủ trương của Đảng và Nhà nước, nhằm huy động toàn bộ xã hội làm giáo dục, tạo nên mối liên hệ giữa hoạt động giáo dục và cộng đồng xã hội, góp phần làm cho giáo dục phù hợp với sự phát triển của xã hội. Thực hiện tốt công tác xã hội hoá giáo dục ở trường phổ thông, đặc biệt là ở các trường tiểu học sẽ giúp khắc phục những khó khăn trong quá trình phát triển giáo dục và nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục. Bài viết đưa ra những đánh giá chung về thực trạng quản lý công tác xã hội hoá giáo dục ở các trường tiểu học thành phố Long Xuyên, tỉnh An Giang. Từ đó, đề xuất một số biện pháp góp phần nâng cao hiệu quả quản lý hoạt động công tác xã hội hoá giáo dục ở các trường tiểu học thành phố Long Xuyên, tỉnh An Giang trong thời gian tới.
Ảnh hưởng của các mô hình canh tác nông nghiệp đến hàm lượng chất hữu cơ và đạm trong đất ở núi Dài tỉnh An Giang
Authors: Trần Văn Hữu , Nguyễn Thị Thu Xuân , Nguyễn Thị Phương
Published: November 2023

Việc chuyển đổi các kiểu sử dụng đất bằng những mô hình canh tác khác nhau trên vùng đất dốc có thể sẽ giảm một lượng lớn dinh dưỡng đặc biệt là hàm lượng chất hữu cơ và đạm trong đất . Vì vậy, nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm  đánh giá ảnh hưởng của các mô hình canh tác nông nghiệp đến hàm lượng chất hữu cơ và đạm trong đất khu vực núi Dài, tỉnh An Giang. Nghiên cứu được thực trên 3 mô hình canh tác chuyển đổi từ đất rừng tự nhiên sang các mô hình vườn rừng hoặc rừng trồng hoặc chuyên vườn lần lượt ở 2 độ sâu gồm là tầng 0- 20 cm và 20- 50 cm. Mẫu đất được phân tích các chỉ tiêu hóa học bao gồm pH, EC, chất hữu cơ và hàm lượng đạm tổng số. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy trên đất vườn rừng hàm lượng chất hữu cơ đạt thấp nhất (3,1%) so với mô hình có xen canh với rừng (4,3%) ở cả 2 tầng 0-20 và 20-50 cm. Hàm lượng đạm tổng số trên đất vườn đạt thấp (0,1%) hơn trên đất rừng trồng (0,2%) ở độ sâu 0-50 cm. Như vậy, trên đất dốc hoặc đất đồi núi nên có sự xen canh vườn rừng hoặc duy trì diện tích đất rừng để bảo vệ chất lượng đất.
Chaos in confinement: How to make shear-thinning fluids flow thicken
Authors: Datta Sujit S.
Published: November 2023

Many energy, environmental, industrial, and microfluidic processes rely on the viscous flow of polymer solutions through confined and tortuous spaces. These fluids are typically shear-thinning; however, unexpectedly, these solutions can flow thicken - that is, the macroscopic flow resistance abruptly increases above a threshold flow rate - but only in a confined, tortuous space, not in bulk solution. The reason why has been a puzzle for over half a century. In this talk, I will describe how by directly visualizing the flow in a transparent 3D porous medium, we have shown that this anomalous flow thickening reflects the onset of an elastic instability in which the fluid exhibits chaotic spatiotemporal velocity fluctuations reminiscent of inertial turbulence, despite the vanishingly small Reynolds number. Our measurements help characterize the onset and characteristics of this fascinating flow state, helping to deepen understanding of complex fluid flows in confinement and providing guidelines for predicting and controlling these flows in applications. Indeed, I will describe how, to this end, we have shown that this phenomenon can be harnessed for improving fluid and solute homogenization and mixing, and thereby the efficiency of flow-mediated chemical reactions, in porous media - with implications for a broad range of environmental and industrial processes that are typically limited by poor mixing.