bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Canal Zone Modernism
Authors: Feinsod Harris
Published: April 2019

This essay is a narrowly drawn exercise in comparison at a narrow passage of marine transit—the Panama Canal Zone. It argues that the spatial typology of the “zone” might supply one of the figures for a tropological history of comparative modernism at sea. The essay follows disparate works—by the Swiss avant-garde poet Blaise Cendrars, the West Indian writers Claude McKay and Eric Walrond, the Nicaraguan poet Ernesto Cardenal, and the American modernist poet Wallace Stevens—into the space of conflicts and disparities that characterizes the Canal Zone as a peculiar choke point of maritime globalization.
Maritime Optics in Sea-War Fiction between the Wars
Authors: Rizzuto Nicole
Published: April 2019

Absent from prodigious critical scholarship about the seas is a discussion of modernism between the wars. Yet this period is rife with writing set on the waters. This essay argues that it is in their orchestrations of the waters as dead zones that such works revitalize seafaring literature and broaden our understandings of modernism generally. By way of illustration the essay examines the British author James Hanley’s 1938 novel Hollow Sea, which centers on a merchant ship turned troopship during World War I. In its staging of maritime technologies and infrastructures, Hanley’s text ironizes the literary trope and geopolitical concept of the “free sea” from an interwar perspective. The novel’s particular mode of hydro-criticism manifests in its formal challenges to both the war optics of the British state and the optics of a major modernist writer of the seas, Joseph Conrad.
Indigenous Diplomacy and Spanish Mediation in the Lower Colorado–Gila River Region, 1771–1783
Authors: Sussman Naomi
Published: April 2019

Drawing on expeditionary diaries, official correspondence, Indigenous-authored petitions, and incident reports, this article argues that between 1771 and 1783, the Quechán and “Maricopa” alliance networks controlling the Lower Colorado and Gila Rivers compelled Spanish officials to seek diplomatic entry points into a riverine “native ground.” Contemporary studies of late Bourbon Indian policy foreground colonial officials’ negotiations and treaty making with the Native populations that dominated northern New Spain. However, this scholarship has never systematically engaged with Spanish mediation between Indigenous peoples. As this article demonstrates, missionaries and soldiers brokered Indigenous peace agreements to protect overland communication between Sonora and Alta California and stake out a role for the empire in the river region. In turn, Native peoples recruited Spanish mediation to ameliorate the negative effects of the colonial captive trade. Across the eighteenth century, the river peoples had accessed Spanish trade networks by raiding their rivals to furnish colonists with captive labor. Captive raiding exacerbated intra-Native competition and profoundly disrupted daily life. The river peoples consequently used Spanish peace brokering to renegotiate regional hierarchies and stabilize their communities while retaining access to colonial markets. Centering this history of violence and mediation reorients the literature in two important ways. First, it highlights Native geopolitical dominance on the Colorado and Gila Rivers, which endured until the mid-nineteenth century. Second, it reveals that Indigenous mediation constituted one dimension of late Bourbon Indian policy on “native ground.” Future studies may uncover similar practices across the Spanish Empire.
Transcriptome analysis of mouse and human sinoatrial node cells reveals a conserved genetic program
Authors: van Eif Vincent , Stefanovic Sonia , van Duijvenboden Karel , Bakker Martijn , Wakker Vincent , de Gier-de Vries Corrie , Zaffran Stéphane , Verkerk Arie O. , Boukens Bas J. , Christoffels Vincent
Published: April 2019

The rate of contraction of the heart relies on proper development and function of the sinoatrial node, which consists of a small heterogeneous cell population, including Tbx3+ pacemaker cells. Here we isolated and characterized the Tbx3+ cells from Tbx3+/Venus knock-in mice. We studied electrophysiological parameters during development and found that Venus-labeled cells are genuine Tbx3+ pacemaker cells. We analyzed the transcriptomes of late fetal FACS-purified Tbx3+ sinoatrial nodal cells and Nppb-Katushka+ atrial and ventricular chamber cardiomyocytes, and identified a sinoatrial node-enriched gene program including key nodal transcription factors, BMP-signaling, and Smoc2, which disruption in mice did not affect heart rhythm. We also obtained the transcriptomes of the sinoatrial node region, including pacemaker and other cell types, and right atrium of human fetuses, and found a gene program including TBX3, SHOX2, ISL1, HOX family members, and BMP- and NOTCH-signaling components conserved between human and mouse. We conclude that a conserved gene program characterizes the sinoatrial node region and that the Tbx3+/Venus allele provides a reliable tool to visualize the sinoatrial node and to study its development and function.
Getting older, getting smarter: Ontogeny of the foraging behaviour in the tropical social waspRopalidia marginata
Authors: Mandal Souvik , Brahma Anindita
Published: April 2019

Desert ants and honey bees start foraging when they are few days old, and subsequently increase their foraging effort and the amount of foraged food. This could be an optimal strategy for scavenger/gatherer animals inhabiting less-featured landscapes. Animals inhabiting cluttered landscapes, especially predatory ones, however, may need substantial familiarity with foraging landscapes to forage efficiently. They may acquire such spatial familiarity with increasing age/experience, and eventually reduce their foraging effort without compromising on foraging success/efficiency. To check whether this holds for individually-foraging predatory tropical paper-wasp Ropalidia marginata, we recorded the number and duration of all foraging trips, the identity of foraged materials, and the directions of outbound and inbound flights (with respect to the nest) of known-age wasps for three consecutive days from three naturally-occurring colonies – thus, we measured behavioural profiles of wasps of various ages, and not from the same wasp throughout its lifespan. Wasps increased their foraging duration rapidly until about four weeks of age, during which they rarely brought food, although some wasps brought building material and water. Thereafter, their foraging duration started decreasing. Nevertheless, their foraging success/efficiency in bringing food kept on increasing. With age, wasps developed individual directional preferences for outbound and inbound flights, indicating the development of spatial memory for rewarding sites. Also, the angular difference between their outbound and subsequent inbound flights gradually increased, indicating older wasps may have followed tortuous foraging routes. High investment in early-life to acquire familiarity with foraging landscapes and using that later to perform efficient foraging could be an optimal strategy for individually-foraging animals inhabiting feature-rich landscapes.
Non-intertwined strands of plasmid DNA contradicts the Watson and Crick model of DNA structure
Authors: Kumar Pawan
Published: April 2019

According to Watson and Crick (W/C) model, a DNA molecule consists of two antiparallel polynucleotide chains, intertwined with each other. Although the W/C model is accepted widely, a number of researchers have raised questions against it and proposed alternative structures for DNA. In the present study, the W/C model was examined using plasmid DNA. It was hypothesized that two strands of plasmid DNA will remain intertwined and not separate from each other under denaturing conditions, if it follows the W/C model. To test this, plasmid DNA was denatured using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and analyzed by gel electrophoresis. It was observed that addition of NaOH to pUC19 and pBR322 plasmids resulted in new form of DNA with higher electrophoretic mobility in agarose gel. DNA corresponding to higher electrophoretic mobility band of pUC19 (hmP19) was single-stranded and circular, indicating the separation of two strands of pUC19 plasmid. Next, we examined whether hmP19 DNA can re-anneal to form native pUC19 plasmid. It was observed that neutralization of NaOH resulted in the appearance of native pUC19 plasmid in denatured DNA. Native pUC19 was also formed by hmP19 DNA extracted from agarose gel and was found to be digestible with Hind III. Ability to confer ampicillin resistance in transformed Escherichia coli demonstrated the functionality of pUC19 plasmid formed by extracted hmP19 DNA. Reversible separation of two strands of plasmid into single-stranded circular DNA shows that DNA strands are not intertwined with each other and contradicts the W/C model of DNA structure.
Association between Inpatient Delirium and Hospital Readmission in Patients ≥ 65 Years of Age: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: LaHue Sara C , Douglas Vanja C. , Kuo Teresa , Conell Carol A , Liu Vincent X , Josephson S Andrew , Angel Clay , Brooks Kristen B
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND

Delirium affects more than seven million hospitalized adults in the United States annually. However, its impact on postdischarge healthcare utilization remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the association between delirium and 30‐day hospital readmission.

DESIGN

A retrospective cohort study.

SETTING

A general community medical and surgical hospital.

PATIENTS

All adults who were at least 65 years old, without a history of delirium or alcohol‐related delirium, and were hospitalized from September 2010 to March 2015.

MEASUREMENTS

The patients deemed at risk for or displaying symptoms of delirium were screened by nurses using the Confusion Assessment Method with a follow‐up by a staff psychiatrist for a subset of screen‐positive patients. Patients with delirium confirmed by a staff psychiatrist were compared with those without delirium. The primary outcome was the 30‐day readmission rate. The secondary outcomes included emergency department (ED) visits 30 days postdischarge, mortality during hospitalization and 30 days postdischarge, and discharge location.

RESULTS

The cohort included 718 delirious patients and 7,927 nondelirious patients. Using an unweighted multivariable logistic regression, delirium was determined to be significantly associated with the increased odds of readmission within 30 days of discharge (odds ratio (OR): 2.60; 95% CI, 1.96‐3.44; P < .0001). Delirium was also significantly (P < .0001) associated with ED visits within 30 days postdischarge (OR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.77‐2.69) and discharge to a facility (OR: 2.52; 95% CI: 2.09‐3.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Delirium is a significant predictor of hospital readmission, ED visits, and discharge to a location other than home. Delirious patients should be targeted to reduce postdischarge healthcare utilization.
State of Research in Adult Hospital Medicine: Results of a National Survey
Authors: Chopra Vineet , Burden Marisha , Jones Christine D , Mueller Stephanie , Gupta Vineet , Ahuja Neera , Sigmund Alana , Eid Shaker M ,   Society of Hospital Medicine Research Committee
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND

Little is known about the state of research in academic hospital medicine (HM) despite the substantial growth of this specialty.

METHODS

We used the Society of Hospital Medicine (SHM) membership database to identify research programs and their leadership. In addition, the members of the SHM Research Committee identified individuals who lead research programs in HM. A convenience sample of programs and individuals was thus created. A survey instrument containing questions regarding institutional information, research activities, training opportunities, and funding sources was pilot tested and refined for electronic dissemination. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

A total of 100 eligible programs and corresponding individuals were identified. Among these programs, 28 completed the survey in its entirety (response rate 28%). Among the 1,586 faculty members represented in the 28 programs, 192 (12%) were identified as engaging in or having obtained extramural funding for research, and 656 (41%) were identified as engaging in quality improvement efforts. Most programs (61%) indicated that they received $500,000 or less in research funding, whereas 29% indicated that they received >$1 million in funding. Major sources of grant support included the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, National Institutes of Health, and the Veterans Health Administration. Only five programs indicated that they currently have a research fellowship program in HM. These programs cited lack of funding as a major barrier to establishing fellowships. Almost half of respondents (48%) indicated that their faculty published between 11‐50 peer‐reviewed manuscripts each year.

CONCLUSION

This survey provides the first national summary of research activities in HM. Future waves of the survey can help determine whether the research footprint of the field is growing.
Internal Medicine Residents' Exposure to and Confidence in Managing Hospital Acute Clinical Events
Authors: Sclafani Alyssa , Currier Paul , Chang Yuchiao , Eromo Ersne , Raemer Daniel , Miloslavsky Eli M
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND

Internal Medicine (IM) residency graduates should be able to manage hospital emergencies, but the rare and critical nature of such events poses an educational challenge. IM residents' exposure to inpatient acute clinical events is currently unknown.

OBJECTIVE

We developed an instrument to assess IM residents' exposure to and confidence in managing hospital acute clinical events.

METHODS

We administered a survey to all IM residents at our institution assessing their exposure to and confidence in managing 50 inpatient acute clinical events. Exposures assessed included mannequin‐based simulation or management of hospital‐based events as a part of a team or independently in a leadership role. Confidence was rated on a five‐point scale and dichotomized to “confident” versus “not confident.” Results were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression to assess the relationship between exposure and confidence accounting for year in training.

RESULTS

A total of 140 of 170 IM residents (82%) responded. Postgraduate year 1 (PGY‐1) residents had managed 31.3% of acute events independently vs 71.7% of events for PGY‐3/4 residents (P < .0001). In multivariable analysis, residents' confidence increased with level of training (PGY‐1 residents were confident to manage 24.9% of events vs 72.5% of events for PGY‐3/4 residents, P < .0001) and level of exposure, independent of training year (P = .001). Events with the lowest levels of exposure and confidence for graduating residents were identified.

CONCLUSIONS

IM residents' confidence in managing inpatient acute events correlated with level of training and clinical exposure. We identified events with low levels of resident exposure and confidence that can serve as targets for future curriculum development.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE UM PROCESSO FORMATIVO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO PROFISSIONAL DOS PROFESSORES ENVOLVIDOS
Authors: Santana Eurivalda , Serrazina Lurdes , Nunes Célia
Published: April 2019

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las perspectivas que las profesoras hacen sobre un proceso formativo en el que participaron y cómo ese proceso contribuye a su desarrollo profesional. El estudio se refiere a un proyecto de formación de 17 profesoras, del primero al noveno año de escolaridad realizado por el Grupo de Investigación en Educación Matemática, Estadística y en Ciencias (GPEMEC). Los datos fueron recogidos en fichas de evaluación de formación (al final de cada sesión de trabajo), cuestionario de evaluación final y entrevistas semiestructuradas. La formación tenía como objetivo intervenir en la práctica de los profesores en los ejes de conocimiento curricular de las matemáticas: Estadística y Geometría. Los resultados apuntan a que las profesoras reconocen que el proceso formativo trae beneficios para su práctica en el aula, representa desafíos para su propio aprendizaje y la del estudiante, además de ayudarlas en la superación de dificultades, mejoras en sus prácticas y reflexiones sobre la enseñanza.
The power of a positive message
Authors: Berry Claire
Published: April 2019

Dental hygienist Claire Berry reveals how best to influence patient behaviour change
One step ahead
Authors: Anastasi Emma
Published: April 2019

A smile, a positive outlook and a well-supported team – Emma Anastasi shares her ‘must haves' for a happy working dental environment
Embracing the ‘team evolution’
Authors: Rapaic Marija
Published: April 2019

Dental nurse Marija Rapaic shares her experience of taking the lead
Supercharge your routine
Authors: Middleton Anna
Published: April 2019

Patient education, motivation and ethical sales are key skills in the role of a dental nurse. Anna Middleton looks at the need to stay up to speed with the latest electric toothbrushes on the market
Synthesis, Characterization and Anti-inflammatory Activity of New Pyrimidines
Authors: Priyadarsini P. , Rao V. Madhava , Rao C. Venkata
Published: April 2019

The synthesis of some pyrimidine derivatives was achieved by conden-sation of 2-hydroxyacetophenone and cinnamic acid as starting materials through 1,3-diketones as intermediates. The resulting diketones have been converted into substituted pyrimidines by reaction with urea, thiourea and guanidine in the presence of trace of triethylamine and pyridine in calculated quantity. The synthesized compounds were characterized by their physical properties, NMR and LC-mass spectroscopic studies and also screened for their anti-inflammatory activity.
Multiphysical Simulations Help to Ensure Assembled Printed Circuit Board and Power Components Reliability
Authors: Sedlář Tomáš , Bachorec Tibor
Published: April 2019

Higher integration and reduced dimensions of components and printed circuit boards lead to rise of demands in precise design of electrical system. Numerical simulation enables designer to spot and repair errors in the electrical system without expensive prototyping and measuring. The paper summarizes possibilities of multiphysical analysis focused on problems with printed circuit boards and electrical power components with software ANSYS.
Tram LC Filter Stabilization by Energy Storage System
Authors: Streit Luboš , Talla Jakub , Janda Martin
Published: April 2019

The paper is focused on the tram input LC traction filter stabilization by the Energy Storage System. The input LC filter is almost undamped resonant circuit which is mainly excited by the motor constant torque command. The tram during voltage drops increases the current flow from the LC filter to hold constant torque and thereby further decreases the LC filter voltage, and vice versa. This could lead to unstable traction drive behaviour. The Energy Storage System can be used to stabilize LC filter voltage.
In honor of the 85th anniversary of Vladimir Vasilyevich Potemkin
Authors: Nagaeva Elena V.
Published: April 2019

We are celebrating the 85 anniversary and 61 years of research, pedagogical and medical activities of one of the nation’s leading endocrinologists, the promoter of academic endocrinology, the founder and the first head of the department of endocrinology of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNIMU)
Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Professor Vladimir Vasilyevich Potemkin.
V.V. Potemkin was the first in our country who began to teach endocrinology at the department of internal diseases of the pediatric faculty of the 2nd Moscow State Medical Institute (now Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNIM). In 1972, after his transfer to the Department of General Medicine, V.V. Potemkin established a course of endocrinology at the chair of internal medicine. Soon, endocrinology became an independent course and on its basis a separate chair was set up.
Heading first the course and then the chair for 40 years, V.V. Potemkin proved himself a talented teacher, scientist, and excellent clinicist.
V.V. Potemkin is the author of 7 textbooks on various aspects of endocrinology, including the nation’s first fundamental manual Endocrinology, published, in addition to Russian, also in French, Spanish and twice in English.
In his research work, V.V. Potemkin focuses on the problems of pathogenesis, clinical aspects, and treatment of diabetes and obesity. Research results obtained by V.V. Potemkin in studying the development of oxidative stress and impaired insulin-binding blood activity in patients with newly diagnosed T2D with normal body weight and suffering from obesity made it possible to find two different pathogenetic mechanisms underlying their hyperglycemia.
V.V. Potemkin studied the role of cytokines in the development of diabetic foot syndrome, which led to the conclusion that the criteria for the effectiveness of treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by diabetic foot syndrome, along with normoglycemia are also decreased activity of lipid peroxidation, stabilization of antioxidant defence, normalization of the level of TNF-alpha proinflammatory cytokine.
In troduction of V.V. Potemkin’s findings into clinical practice helps to improve the results of treatment of patients with diabetic foot syndrome, prevent gangrene, and reduce their direct and indirect financial costs.
Professor V.V. Potemkin celebrates his anniversary at the heirght of his creative powers. We wish our dear colleague good health, inexhaustible energy, and new creative successes for many years!
Crise na pesquisa científica brasileira
Authors: Porto Gabriela Granja
Published: April 2019

"Chegamos ao fim desses 12 meses com algumas inquietações sobre o caminho que a pesquisa científica está tomando no Brasil e que nos atinge como profissionais, direta ou indiretamente. Sabemos que, para um país ter ciência, é necessário que seu povo perceba que é justamente ela que trará de forma ampla o bem-estar e o progresso da nação. É preciso que a sociedade e, principalmente, os dirigentes do país se deem conta de que a formação de uma massa crítica está diretamente relacionada a uma melhora do sistema produtivo e, consequentemente, do progresso de uma nação."..
Simulation of the styrene production process via catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene using CHEMCAD® process simulator
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Amaury , Pérez Sánchez Eddy Javier , Segura Silva Rutdali María
Published: April 2019

Background: Process simulation has been extensively used in recent years to design, evaluate or optimize processes, systems and specific operations of the chemical industry and its related disciplines. Currently, CHEMCAD® constitute one of the most used process simulators because of the great number of chemical and petrochemical processes that can be simulated.Method: The simulation of the production process of styrene via catalytic dehydrogenation of ethyl-benzene is carried out by using the process simulator CHEMCAD® version 5.2.0, in order to determine the composition and mass flow-rate of each process involved in the production, as well as the main operating parameters of the equipment used. Two sensitivity studies were carried out: firstly, the influence of the temperature and pressure values applied at the LLV Separator on the amounts of ethyl-benzene and styrene to be obtained by the intermediate and top currents of this equipment; secondly, the influence of the operating pressure of the Distillation Column No. 1 (benzene-toluene column) on the quantity of ethyl-benzene and styrene obtained at the bottom stream. The simulating software MATLAB® version 7.8.0 was used to process the results obtained.Results: Around 9234.436 kg/h of styrene is obtained in the last distillation column with 99.6% purity. Additionally, it was found that the water is the main impurity found on this stream, which represents 0.35% of the weight.Conclusions: The LLV Separator must operate at a low temperature (5 – 10 ºC) and at a relatively high pressure (10 bar), whereas the Distillation Column No. 1 must work at a pressure near atmospheric (1.0 bar), or preferably under vacuum conditions in order to obtain the highest yields of styrene and ethyl-benzene.
Aplicación del control inteligente en oscilaciones usando FACTS (STATCOM y SVC)
Authors: Alzate Gomez Alfonso James , Bedoya Londoño Andrea , Marulanda Durango Jesser James
Published: April 2019

Contexto: Reducir las oscilaciones de un sistema eléctrico de potencia es necesario para mantener la estabilidad del mismo. En este trabajo se presenta una metodología para la sintonización de un controlador de oscilaciones de tipo difuso, un compensador de Volts Ampere Reactive, (VAR, por sus siglas en inglés), uno estático (Static Var Compensator, SVC, por sus siglas en inglés), y un compensador estático síncrono (Static Synchronous Compensator, STATCOM, por sus siglas en inglés), por métodos inteligentes.Método: Consiste en sintonizar un controlador de tipo difuso para amortiguar las oscilaciones de un sistema eléctrico de potencia por medio de un STATCOM o un SVC, a través de diferentes técnicas de optimización tales como: algoritmos genéticos (GA, Genetic Algorithm), optimización por enjambre de partículas (PSO, Particle Swarm Optimization) y algoritmo de optimización caótica (COA, Chaotic Optimization Algorithm).Resultados: A través de simulación se obtienen las oscilaciones en el voltaje y la velocidad de un sistema compuesto por una máquina sincróna conectada a un barraje infinito (SMIB, Single Machine Infinite Bus) antes y después de conectar un SVC y un STATCOM, ambos instalados independientemente y en diferentes condiciones de operación. Los resultados muestran las ventajas de utilizar métodos de ajuste para el controlador difuso comparados con el ajuste a ensayo y error.Conclusión: A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se comprueba la efectividad del controlador difuso utilizado en el control de oscilaciones con dispositivos Flexible AC Transmissions Systems (FACTS, por sus siglas en inglés) tanto en el SVC como en el STATCOM.
Determinación de polos de generación distribuida a partir de biomasa residual agrícola en la región Madre de Dios, Perú
Authors: Vargas Soplín Andrés de Jesús , Ramírez Candia Judith María
Published: April 2019

Contexto: la región Madre de Dios, Perú, se encuentra condicionada por la forma del asentamiento disperso de sus poblaciones. Esta configuración limita el acceso de la energía a centros poblados rurales, que se encuentra en 69% en la población rural; por ello, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo principal la determinación de polos de generación distribuida a partir de biomasa residual agrícola en la región de Madre de Dios.Método: mediante un esquema metodológico de cuatro fases, se analizó la cobertura eléctrica de la región Madre de Dios y se priorizaron centros poblados rurales con mayor posibilidad de energización; posteriormente, se determinó la cantidad de biomasa residual agrícola de los cultivos mayoritarios en la región y su localización geográfica. Seguidamente, se analizaron las opciones tecnológicas de aprovechamiento energético disponibles; por último, se estimó la cantidad de energía aprovechable de la biomasa residual agrícola.Resultados: se determinaron cinco centros poblados rurales priorizados en Madre de Dios para la energización. En cuanto a la biomasa residual agrícola, ésta se estimó en 6645.08 ton/año para arroz, 5191.20 ton/año para maíz amarillo duro y 7862.37 ton/año para plátano, los tres cultivos mayoritarios en la región. Se estimó que, para el aprovechamiento de cascarilla de arroz, el rango de generación de energía varía de 838.86 a 1319.23 KWh/año mediante gasificadores de lecho móvil, y de 317.99 a 897.56 KWh/año para gasificadores de lecho fluidizado, con lo cual se cubriría la demanda energética de los centros poblados rurales priorizados, que asciende a 211.9 MWh/año.Conclusiones: la región de Madre de Dios cuenta con potencial de generación de energía eléctrica distribuida que puede cubrir la demanda de los cinco centros poblados priorizados al 100%. Asimismo, la energía generada en la región Madre de Dios mediante lecho fluidizado podría atender la demanda de 1495 habitantes aproximadamente, mientras que mediante lecho móvil se cubriría la demanda de 3945 habitantes aproximadamente.
Evaluación y comparación del análisis granulométrico obtenido de agregados naturales y reciclados
Authors: Palacio León Oscar , Chávez Porras Alvaro , Velásquez Castiblanco Yessica Liceth
Published: April 2019

Contexto: el uso de residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD) hace parte de la gestión que permite mitigar contaminación ambiental y disminuye el impacto que ocasiona la extracción de agregados naturales. La industria del sector de la construcción posee en marcha objetivos de implementación de la metodología de las 3R (reducir, reusar y reciclar) y los procesos de producción más limpia para los RCD; siendo en Colombia un sector con crecimiento anual del 13%, lo que incrementa la disposición.Método: se requirió establecer un análisis granulométrico comparativo entre los agregados naturales y reciclados, que permitió identificar desde el punto de vista técnico, semejanzas y diferencias, entre parámetros establecidos en la Norma Técnica Colombiana NTC 174 (especificaciones de agregados en la producción de concretos). Las muestras de agregados reciclados fueron tomadas de escombreras artesanales de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C., y las muestras de agregados naturales obtenidas del sector comercial, en la ciudad.Resultados: se obtuvieron curvas granulométricas de los agregados respecto a los límites establecidos por la norma NTC 176, lográndose determinar que los RCD no cumplen con las especificaciones normativas de los concretos; sin embargo, no se descarta su uso como agregado para el concreto no estructural, para la fabricación modular sostenible.Conclusiones: se requiere de una evaluación y comparación granulométrica de los agregados para establecer que los residuales sean reutilizados como materia prima, promoviendo una política ambiental que sugiera el uso como estrategia de sostenibilidad en entornos sociales.
The Capability Approach as a normative framework for technology assessment
Authors: Hillerbrand Rafaela , Milchram Christine , Schippl Jens
Published: April 2019

The digital revolution of the energy system promises a new sustainable energy future, but risks security and privacy. How to balance or at least compare these risks against other values like more sustainability is far from obvious and poses severe challenges for the orientation knowledge of technology assessment (TA). This paper explores the Capability Approach (CA) as a normative orientation for TA that allows addressing these challenges. We use two scenarios for the current digitalization in the energy sector as case studies.
Formulasi Larutan Pencuci dari Surfaktan Hasil Sublasi Limbah Laundry
Authors: Puspitasari Puspitasari , Arnelli Arnelli , Suseno Ahmad
Published: April 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang perumusan cairan pencuci dari surfaktan sublasi dari  limbah laundry. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui formula cairan pencuci hasil surfaktan substitusi dari limbah cucian dan detergensi optimal dari cairan pencuci yang diformulasikan. Salah satu metode yang dapat diterapkan untuk mendapatkan surfaktan dari air limbah bekas adalah metode sublasi. Penelitian dilakukan dalam tiga tahap, yaitu sublasi limbah cucian, karakterisasi surfaktan, dan uji detergensi. Penentuan jumlah surfaktan menggunakan metode MBAS, penentuan kelompok fungsional surfaktan menggunakan FTIR, detergensi dengan sublasi surfaktan dengan memvariasikan pH, Sodium Tripoly Phosphate (STPP), Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa surfaktan yang berasal dari proses sublasi adalah alkilbenzena sulfonat lurus (LAS). Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh spektrum FTIR yang menunjukkan beberapa kelompok fungsi seperti alkil, sulfonat dan pengganti cincin aromatik. Surfaktan anionik mengalami penurunan sebesar 81,43%. Hasil uji detergensi diperoleh detergensi optimum 90,49%, formula cairan pembersih 21% surfaktan, STPP 60%, pH 10,5, 1% CMC.Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang perumusan cairan pencuci dari surfaktan sublasi dari  limbah laundry. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui formula cairan pencuci hasil surfaktan substitusi dari limbah cucian dan detergensi optimal dari cairan pencuci yang diformulasikan. Salah satu metode yang dapat diterapkan untuk mendapatkan surfaktan dari air limbah bekas adalah metode sublasi. Penelitian dilakukan dalam tiga tahap, yaitu sublasi limbah cucian, karakterisasi surfaktan, dan uji detergensi. Penentuan jumlah surfaktan menggunakan metode MBAS, penentuan kelompok fungsional surfaktan menggunakan FTIR, detergensi dengan sublasi surfaktan dengan memvariasikan pH, Sodium Tripoly Phosphate (STPP), Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa surfaktan yang berasal dari proses sublasi adalah alkilbenzena sulfonat lurus (LAS). Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh spektrum FTIR yang menunjukkan beberapa kelompok fungsi seperti alkil, sulfonat dan pengganti cincin aromatik. Surfaktan anionik mengalami penurunan sebesar 81,43%. Hasil uji detergensi diperoleh detergensi optimum 90,49%, formula cairan pembersih 21% surfaktan, STPP 60%, pH 10,5, 1% CMC.
Pengaruh pH Larutan pada Pengendapan Kobal (Co) dengan Adanya Pengotor Seng (Zn) melalui Metode Elektrolisis
Authors: Purnamasari Indah , Suyati Linda , Nuryanto Rahmad
Published: April 2019

Kobal merupakan logam yang mempunyai banyak kegunaan dalam bidang industry maupun elektronik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kemurnian kobal dengan adanya pengotor seng (Zn) yang dipengaruhi oleh variasi konsentrasi H2SO4 dan mengetahui morfologi hasil endapan kobal (Co). Pengendapan kobal ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode elektrolisis pada potensial terpasang 3,3 Volt selama 4 jam dengan menggunakan elektroda grafit-grafit. Penelitian ini dilakukan penambahan konsentrasi H2SO4 0,001; 0,01; 0,1 M dan tanpa penambahan H2SO4 sebagai pengaruh konsentrasi elektrolit. Hasil penelitian diperoleh dari Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) dan Enegy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) yang menujukkan bahwa kemurnian kobal dengan adanya pengotor Zn tanpa penambahan H2SO4 sebesar 97,87% dan dengan penambahan H2SO4 berturut-turut 0,001; 0,01 dan 0,1 M sebesar ; dan . Bentuk morfologi hasil endapan elektrolisis cenderung berbentuk pori yang kasar, endapan banyak dikonsumsi oleh karbon dan logam kobal terserap masuk ke dalam pori-pori sehingga tidak terlihat.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Surfaktan CTAB (Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) pada Modifikasi Lempung dengan Oksida Besi sebagai Pemilar
Authors: Febiyanti Irine Ayu , Suseno Ahmad , Priyono Priyono
Published: April 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang modifikasi lempung dengan cara pilarisasi menggunakan oksida besi dengan bantuan surfaktan CTAB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi surfaktan CTAB pada proses modifikasi lempung dengan oksida besi sebagai pemilar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tahap awal yaitu preparasi lempung untuk memisahkan pengotor dalam lempung alam kemudian diaktivasi menggunakan larutan NaCl dan diperoleh lempung homoionik Na. Modifikasi lempung dilakukan dengan penambahan surfaktan CTAB dengan variasi konsentrasi dan hasilnya dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR dan XRD. Pilarisasi lempung dilakukan dengan larutan pemilar polioksokation besi kemudian dikalsinasi dan hasilnya dikarakterisasi menggunakan BET. Spektra FTIR menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi lempung menggunakan surfaktan CTAB telah berhasil dilakukan. Difraktogram XRD menunjukkan bahwa interkalasi surfaktan CTAB menyebabkan peningkatan basal spacing terbaik pada CTA-Mont1 sebesar 2,35 nm dari basal spacing lempung awal sebesar 1,59 nm. Hasil analisis BET menunjukkan peningkatan jari-jari pori rata-rata, luas permukaan, dan volume pori total Oksida Besi-Mont1 dari 5,76 nm, 52,83 m2/g dan 0,15 cm3/g menjadi 8,14 nm, 80,73 m2/g, dan 0,33 cm3/g.
Cytotoxic Effects of Pistacia Atlantica (Baneh) Fruit Extract on Human KB Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Jaafari-Ashkvandi Zohreh , Shirazi Saeed Yousefi , Rezaeifard Somayeh , Hamedi Azadeh , Erfani Nasrollah
Published: April 2019

Plants with anticancer properties are considered as cancer preventive and treatment sources, due to their some biological effects. Apoptosis induction and anti-proliferative effects of Baneh extract on various cancer cell lines have been reported. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of this fruit on KB and human gingival fibroblast cell lines (HGF). KB and HGF cells were treated with various concentrations of ethanolic Baneh extract and cisplatin as positive control. Cytotoxic activity and apoptosis induction were investigated using WST-1 and Annexin V assays. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and student’s t-tests. IC50 after 24 and 48 hours treatment were respectively 2.6 and 1 mg/mL for KB cell line, and 1.5 and 1.6 mg/mL for HGF cell. During 48 hours Baneh extract induced apoptosis without significant necrosis, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The induction of apoptosis in KB cells was significantly higher than HGF. It seems that ethanolic extract of Baneh contains compounds that can suppress KB cell growth through the induction of apoptosis. Within 48 hours, less cytotoxic effects were observed on normal fibroblast cells; therefore, it might be a potential anticancer agent.
Indole itself and its novel derivative affect PML cells proliferation via controlling the expression of cell cycle genes
Authors: Noroozi Mojgan Karimabad , Mahmoodi Mehd , Jafarzadeh Abdollah , Darehkordi Ali , Hajizadeh Mohammad Reza , Khorramdelazad Hossein , Sayadi Ahmad Reza , Falahati-pour Soudeh Khanamani , Hassanshahi Gholamhossein
Published: April 2019

Recently the role of indole and pyran rings in carcinogenesis has been well studied. Here we studied the effects and the possible mechanisms of the action of basal indole (I3A) and its novel indole derivative (C19H15F3N2O) on inhibition of proliferation cells in acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cell line by examining the expression of cell cycle genes. We treated NB4 cells with concentration of C19H15F3N2O for 24-72 h. The MTT and PI/Annexin V examinations were employed for assessment of the proliferation and apoptosis of NB4 cells. Both of Cyclin D and P21 were detected by the Real-time PCR. The western blotting analysis was also performed to show the protein levels for P21. A difference was regarded significant if p-value was less than 0.05. MTT assay showed that 15.12-1000 µg/mL C19H15F3N2O caused a time and concentration-dependent inhibition of NB4 cell proliferation. Exposure to higher concentrations of C19H15F3N2O resulted in significantly increased apoptosis rate in NB4 cells. RT PCR showed that C19H15F3N2O has up-regulated the expression of P21 and down-regulated the expression of Cyclin D. Western blotting experiments also demonstrated that the P21 expression in C19H15F3N2O treated cells has significantly increased, where compared with either untreated control cells or I3A treated cells. This newly (C19H15F3N2O) was able to inhibit NB4 cells proliferation and causes apoptosis of these cells more than I3A, and these effects are probably facilitated via cell cycle arrest. C19H15F3N2O might probably be introduced as a promising organic therapeutic reagent against APL.
Technology acceptance model for the intention to use advanced business application software among Chinese business school students
Authors: To Wai Ming , Lai Linda S.L. , Leung Vincent W.S.
Published: April 2019

Business schools strive to improve students’ analytical skills by incorporating advanced business application software courses into their curricula. This study examined how business school students perceived the ease of using the software and the usefulness of using the software in learning. The study also explored whether and how students’ perceived ease of use and usefulness of the software affected their attitude towards the use of business software and their intention to use the software. Data were collected from 159 Chinese business school students in a higher education institution in Macao. Results showed students generally agreed the software was easy to learn and use, and they agreed the software was useful. The results of structural equation modeling showed that perceived ease of use was directly and indirectly related to attitude towards the use of business software through its effect on perceived usefulness, whereas attitude towards the use of business software strongly affected the intention to use the software.
An investigation into the effectiveness of acceptance treatment on the reduction of depression among the disabled
Authors: Ramazani Abbas , Doorbash Behzad Akbari , Kamali Naghi , Yusefi Elham
Published: April 2019

Objective: Nowadays, the third wave psycho-therapy treatments emphasize on acceptance, awareness of feelings, cognitive abilities, emotions and behaviors, rather than challenging the knowledge. For this reason, the current study aimed to investigate the acceptance-based training on and commitment on depression among the disabled who referred to the Welfare Organization in the city of Darreh Shahr.Methods: In this study which is considered a semi-empirical activity of the type of pre-test and post-test with control group, the sample was selected through a purposive sampling from among the patients who referred to the Social Welfare Center in Darreh Shahr. They were tested using Beck Depression Inventory, of which 30 people were selected and assigned to experimental and control groups (15 people). The experimental group was trained by independent variable (Project of Acceptance Treatment and Commitment) while the control group did not receive any treatment. In the post-test process, Beck Depression Inventory was performed on both groups once again and the data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.Findings: Using analysis of covariance and Galmogrov Smirnov-Shapirov tests by a factor of (P> 0,05), the effect of acceptance treatment training on reducing depression has been effective among the disabled patients with a factor equal to F = 28/78, P <0/01.Results: The results of the current study clearly show that the treatment acceptance and commitment has been influential in reducing depression among the people with disabilities in the study.
How knowledge management mediates the strategic role of talent management in enhancing customer's satisfaction
Authors: Al-Azzam Zeyad Faisal , Al-Qura'an Atif Badri
Published: April 2019

This article aims to investigate the nature and effect of talent management strategies on customer satisfaction in Jordan’s banking sector, as well as the mediating effect of knowledge management in this relationship. Based on the extant literature, the author developed indicators and multi-item measures for the independent variable, dependent variable, and the mediator using a survey instrument (sample N=1189, with an 89% response rate). The results show those employees’ perceptions of Talent Attraction Strategy, Talent Development Strategy, Succession Planning Strategy, and especially Talent Retention Strategy are the most important contributors to Talent Management. They also suggest that Talent Management Strategies contribute to enhancing customer satisfaction through improvements in knowledge management. Overall, the Study Equation Model demonstrates that knowledge management mediates the relationship between talent management strategies and customer satisfaction. As a rule, Talent Management Strategies have a positive relationship with knowledge management, which in turn has a positive influence on customer satisfaction.
Quality parametres on higher education PhD program in Romania
Authors: Tonis Rocsana B. Manea , Manea Natalia
Published: April 2019

More and more universities are striving to provide competitive education programs to help graduates integrate into market areas. In this fight, universities need to have strong communication and support in the business world. The purpose of this article is to identify the main factors that would improve the quality of the doctoral program and facilitate the integration of students into the labour market in Romania. A questionnaire was applied to PhD students from the universities in Bucharest, and the data collected were interpreted.The linear regression model developed shows that the library facilities, school infrastructure, access to Doctoral Theses, dialog between academia and students, doctoral coordinator and committee proficiency, staff attitude and multiple way of communication are some important factors that have positive influence over the quality of the higher education in the PhD program and the students’ integration on labour market in Romania. The open questions of survey revealed new interesting suggestion for improving PhD programs in Romania.
Back to France to Celebrate the Century-Old IUPAC: The 47th IUPAC World Chemistry Congress & 50th General Assembly
Authors: Sanchez Clément , Vairon Jean-Pierre
Published: April 2019

On behalf of the French Academy of Sciences and of its National Committee for Chemistry, the French National Adhering Organization to IUPAC, gathering the main academic and research institutions, learned societies, and industrial organizations relevant to Chemistry, we are very pleased and honoured to invite you to participate and contribute to the IUPAC 47th World Chemistry Congress to be held at the Palais des Congrès, Paris, France, 7-12 July 2019.
The Stockholm Convention: A Tool for the Global Regulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants
Authors: Fiedler Heidelore , Kallenborn Roland , Boer Jacob de , Sydnes Leiv K.
Published: April 2019

The aim of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) is to eliminate persistent organic chemicals worldwide by either prohibiting their production and use or gradually reducing them. The Stockholm Convention was adopted in 2001 and entered into force in 2004, 90 days after receiving the 50th instrument of ratification. The Parties to the Convention have to regularly report progress in implementation of their measures taken to achieve the goals. The Convention has a mechanism to add more compounds; today 28 POPs are covered, 16 more than the initial ones.
Ten Chemical Innovations That Will Change Our World: IUPAC identifies emerging technologies in Chemistry with potential to make our planet more sustainable
Authors: Gomollón-Bel Fernando
Published: April 2019

2019 is a very special year in chemistry. 2019 marks two major anniversaries: the 100th anniversary of the founding of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), and the 150th anniversary of Dimitri Mendeleev’s first publication on the Periodic Table of Elements [1]. IUPAC is the global organization that, among many other things, established a common language for chemistry—enabling scientific research, education, and trade. In a similar manner, Mendeleev’s system classified all the elements that were known at the time, and even predicted the existence of elements that would only come to be discovered years later. These two anniversaries are closely entwined, as IUPAC has played a major role developing of the modern Periodic Table by ensuring that the most authoritative version of the table is accessible to everyone [2], establishing names and symbols for the newly discovered elements, and also constantly reviewing its accuracy through the IUPAC Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights.
Bye-Bye, IPK!
Authors: Rabinovich Daniel
Published: April 2019

The International Prototype Kilogram, after 130 years of dutiful service, is finally retiring. The IPK, a golf ball-sized cylinder made of a special platinum-iridium alloy (90:10), was introduced in 1889 at the first General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) near Paris to define the unit of mass using an artifact fabricated with the utmost care and precision available at the time. New units were subsequently adopted for other physical quantities such as electric current (the ampere) and temperature (the kelvin), and the increasing need for a more cohesive set of units of measurement led to the implementation of the International System of Units (SI) in 1960.