bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigations of the emission characteristics of a gas turbine combustor with water steam injection
Authors: Burunsuz К.S. , Kuklinovsky V. V. , Serbin S. I.
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to investigation of the possibilities of creating highly efficient and competitive Ukrainian gas turbine engines (GTEs), which correspond to modern environmental requirements for new generation energy modules. One of the most important directions of solving this problem is considered, namely, the possibility of realizing a complex thermal circuit of a gas turbine unit (GTU) - the scheme "Aquarius" with the utilization of exhaust gases heat and the injection of ecological and energy water steam into the flowing part of a combustor.  The possibilities of reducing emission of harmful components, in particular, of nitrogen oxides, are analyzed, while organizing the process of a 25 MW gas turbine combustor with the supply of water steam to the primary and secondary chamber’s zones. Three-dimensional calculations of the aerodynamic structure of chemically reacting flows in a gas turbine combustor were performed with the help of methods of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results of theoretical investigations of gas turbine combustor’s emission characteristics at different ratios of the ecological and energy steam consumptions are presented, their rational values are revealed. The main results of the work can be used at power engineering enterprises for upgrading and modernizing existing and designing models of low-emission combustors of GTE.
Розробка автономних систем охолодження з урахуванням відновлювальних і непридатних джерел теплової енергії
Authors: Тітлов О. С. , Осадчук Є.О. , Цой О. П.
Published: June 2019

Виконано аналіз можливостей використання нічного радіаційного випромінювання (НРВ) для додаткового відводу тепла від елементів системи рідинного охолодження. Показано енергетичні перспективи використання технології НРВ для автономних первинних систем охолодження переважно в селянських господарствах, розташованих у віддалених місцевостях від джерел електричної енергії. Для підвищення енергетичної ефективності автономних систем охолодження запропоновано використовувати абсорбційні водоаміачні холодильні машини (АВХМ) і парокомпресійні холодильні машини (ПКХМ), які дозволять в світлий час доби створювати запаси холоду в системі холодоакумуляціі. Для роботи АВХМ пропонується використовувати теплову енергію сонячного випромінювання. Розроблено алгоритм пошуку мінімальної температури гріючого джерела АВХМ в залежності від температур об'єкта охолодження і охолоджуючого середовища. Показано, що при реалізації традиційних циклів АВХМ мають місце режими з максимальною енергетичною ефективністю, а для їх досягнення необхідна відповідна комбінація складу робочого тіла (водоаміачного розчину) і температур гріючого джерела. Показано також, що при роботі від сонячних колекторів з водою в якості теплоносія, до складу схеми АВХМ необхідно включати бустер-компресор перед конденсатором аміаку. Виконано термодинамічний аналіз циклів ПКХМ, що працюють на дозволених в даний час робочих тілах. Відзначено високі енергетичні характеристики ПКХМ при роботі в умовах низьких температур атмосферного повітря. Так, при зниженні температури атмосферного повітря від 40 ° С до 10 ° С в середньому має місце зростання холодильного коефіцієнта циклів ПКХМ в 4-6 разів, а для аміаку – в 17,3 рази. Розроблено оригінальні схеми систем первинного охолодження молока на базі ПКХМ і АВХМ з використанням технології НРО, що дозволяють працювати в автономному режимі з використанням мінімальної кількості електричної енергії.
Розробка моделі газотурбінного двигуна на основі даних перерахування характеристик компресора динамічного принципу дії
Authors: Гурський О. О. , Гончаренко О. Є. , Дубна С. М.
Published: June 2019

Метою роботи є підвищення ефективності функціонування газотурбінного двигуна шляхом використання координувальної системи автоматичного управління. Для досягнення поставленої мети необхідно розробити модель газотурбінного двигуна на базі моделі статичних режимів роботи компресора динамічного принципу дії, що реалізована засобами середовища MATLAB \ Simulink. Актуальність розробки відповідної моделі обумовлена необхідністю оцінки енергоефективності функціонування газотурбінного двигуна, а також можливістю побудови певної координувальної системи автоматичного управління, що використовує відхилення від співвідношення змінних системи при регулюванні технологічних параметрів. Автоматичні системи координувального управління дозволяють узгодити відповідні перехідні процеси і можуть забезпечити ряд позитивних особливостей при функціонуванні об'єкта управління. У даній роботі представляється розробка елементної моделі газотурбінного двигуна як об'єкта керування. Ця модель розробляється для синтезу різноманітних систем автоматичного управління, що забезпечують узгодження перехідних процесів при регулюванні. Надається структурно-параметрична схема газотурбінного двигуна з описом окремих її елементів. Відображається принцип перетворення вихідної моделі компресора у відповідну модель газотурбінного двигуна. При розробці математичної моделі, відповідно конструктивним особливостям, газотурбінний двигун розділяється на турбокомпресор, камеру згоряння, турбіну і реактивне сопло. Виходячи з такого поділу, безпосередньо розглядається математичний опис окремих елементів газотурбінного двигуна, а потім зв'язується в єдину математичну схему. У заключній частині роботи наведені результати моделювання. Це статичні характеристики компресора і перехідні характеристики турбіни за швидкістю обертання валу. Приводиться аналіз результатів моделювання на основі порівняння статичних характеристик моделі вихідного компресора і компресора газотурбінного двигуна.
The Dynamics of Anthropological Types of the Sarmatian Population That Left Staritsa Burial Mound
Authors: Balabanova Mariya
Published: June 2019

The paper presents the intergroup analysis made by the canonical method aimed at determining variability of anthropological types in chronological groups of the Sarmatian population that left Staritsa burial mound. For this purpose, digital information on 44 male and 30 female series including all three stages of Sarmatian culture from the burial mounds of the Lower Volga region was studied.
The results of the analysis reveal smaller massiveness of the Sauromatian and Sarmatian population in comparison with the Bronze Age samples. The main anthropological type, whose carriers were the early Sarmatian groups of Staritsa burial mound, is the type of ancient Eastern Caucasians, and they are not separated from the synchronous population of other burial mounds. Characteristic features of this type include meso-brachycrania, weakened horizontal profiling at the upper facial level and a quite Caucasoid structure of the nose and nasal bones.
There is the influx of the long-headed Caucasoid population in the middle Sarmatian epoch, which increases due time, and the late Sarmatian population acquires dolicho-mesocrane features. In the early epoch, the middle– late 2nd century A.D., some cultural and morphological features are blurred, as the material from burial 2 of barrow 8, burial 1 of barrow 54 and burial 1 of barrow 11 shows. In the late Sarmatian time, the inflow of not only long-headed groups, but also individuals with the mixed anthropological Caucasoid-Mongoloid type was possible. Like the early Sarmatian group from Staritsa burial mound, the late Sarmatian group is more similar to the synchronous population from other Lower Volga burials.
How does the ‘care of the self’ impact on fitness to practice in dental education?
Authors: Hayes Melanie
Published: June 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Foucault defines care of the self as activities which "permit individuals to effect by their own means or with the help of others a certain number of operations on their own bodies and souls, thoughts, conduct, and way of being, so as to transform themselves in order to attain a certain state of happiness, purity, wisdom perfection, or immortality" (Foucault, 1988). This paper will explore how the care of the self impacts on fitness to practice in dental education. Fitness to practice refers to a student's competence, including clinical skills and professionalism as well as the ability to reflect on their own health and capabilities. This paper will examine how the dominant discourse of reflective practice influences a student's care of the self using techniques of writing and verbalisation, and how the development of competent graduates is tied to Foucault's work on disciplinary power, panopticism and governmentality. The role of pastoral power and confession, and the relationship of educators and students will also be explored.
Agile Writing for Busy Clinical Educators
Authors: Topps David , Ellaway Rachel , Corral Janet
Published: June 2019

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Writing has long been a team sport - the concept of collaborative writing is not new but remains fraught with frustrations, poor processes and could learn from the software world. Not only are there now better tools and platforms to support collaborative writing, there are also lessons to be learned from other collaborative, creative processes such as software design. This paper explores some of the pitfalls of current practice and provides tips, based on our experiences as collaborative writers.
Counteraction to the Legalization (Laundering) of Proceeds from Crime and the Financing of Terrorism in the Context of the Digitization of economy: strategic objectives and legal Solutions
Authors: Khabrieva Talia
Published: June 2019

Issues of counteracting the legalization of proceeds from crime (money laundering) and the financing of terrorism (CML / FT) are urgent in the context of crime control. The inflow of money from criminal activities has a destructive impact on the state and the society, poses a threat to the economy and the social sphere. This negative process results in the disruption of market economy mechanisms, the criminalization of the production and trade sectors, the emergence of financial imbalances and the increase in the inflation pressure. The problem is urgent for Russia as well, so the development of effective solutions, including legal ones, is one of the priorities for researchers. In the modern context, the digitization of economy creates new opportunities for criminal groups, who use virtual technologies, crypto-currencies and other opportunities of the digital environment to finance terrorism and legalize criminal proceeds. The article presents the results of studying the condition and dynamics of legal regulation in the sphere of CML / FT. They include the qualitative description of the legal basis for CML / FT in Russia, doctrinal conclusions regarding the structure and key features of the Russian model of legal regulation of CML / FT, modern trends and the direction of its future development, predictions regarding the legal basis for CML / FT, setting fundamental and practical goals of the legal doctrine to provide scientific support for CML / FT, as well as legal solutions developed by the author. Besides, the author outlines and supports specific directions of reforming the Russian legislation with the goal of brining it in accord with the challenges of the digitization of economy and the emergence of new types of crime.
Mathematical Methods in Law Enforcement: Counteracting Extremism on Social Media
Authors: Sukhodolov Alexander , Lebedev Alexey , Toropov Boris , Babkin Alexey , Spasennikov Boris
Published: June 2019

The paper discusses the problem of determining the most influential people on social media while taking into consideration the possibilities of forming coalitions with their sets. The authors analyze social media networks created by criminal elements. Modern Russia has a practice of criminal and administrative prosecution of social media users who post information that violates Russian legislation. Today, there is an opportunity to study various aspects of society and obtain new research results using social media, which often play a key role. The authors suggest that the methodology of identifying social media users who are sources of extremist information should be examined and streamlined with the goal of improving the law enforcement practice of counteracting the spread of socially dangerous information on the Internet. They use mathematical methods to show that the problem of finding the maximally influential group consisting of k number of participants cannot have an optimal solution if this group includes k most influential participants individually. To solve this problem, the authors suggest using the game theory concept of Shapley vector, which makes it possible to evaluate the individual contribution of each participant into the formed group, i.e., to find out to what degree each of them could be useful as a team player. Law enforcement bodies already have certain experience of using software to upload data and analyze social networking sites. The presented method of calculating the significance of network users gives an opportunity to widen and improve this experience and to move from the ad hoc selective prosecution of separate users to the methodical work of suppressing and preventing crimes connected with the dissemination of information that constitutes an offence. The research area selected by the authors will, in its turn, contribute to improving the effectiveness of suppressing and preventing crimes connected with spreading information that contains constituting elements of different offences.
A Criminalistic Description of the Advenal Person as a Basic Criterion for Developing the Methodology of Investigating Advenal Crimes
Authors: Protasyevich Alexander , Foygel Elena
Published: June 2019

The paper lays the ground for a new complex criminalistic methodology - the methodology of investigating advenal crimes. The basic criterion for differentiating this methodology is the criminalistic description of the personalities of the perpetrator, the victim and the person who knows about the crime. In this case such a person is an advenal (an advenal person) - a person possessing social and psychological characteristics, whose actions are based on genetically determined factors and who, due to his/her ethnicity, is different from the representatives of the Russian macro-ethnos by the ethnic language, folk and domestic culture, rituals and ethnic self-consciousness, which influences the reflection processes when criminal actions are committed or perceived. The authors show the difference of the concept «advenal» from the concepts «foreigner», «foreign citizen», «migrant», «member of an ethnic criminal group». They stress that advenal, unlike the above-mentioned categories, has a specific criminalistic content and lacks a primary international law, administrative law, criminal law or criminal procedure meaning. When analyzing the concept of an advenal person the authors single out and substantiate its key features - the difference from the dominant ethnos by a number of physical and socio-psychological characteristics; living in an uncustomary environment; the impact of the ethnic factor on the mechanism of crime and the processes of perceiving, processing, analyzing criminally relevant information. They determine the key trends of using the criminalistic category of an «advenal person» and conclude that the methodology of investigating advenal crimes is based on the criminalistic description of an advenal person regardless of his/her citizenship, procedural status, frequency of crossing the border of the Russian Federation. It is a combination of theoretical foundations and resulting practical recommendations on organizing and carrying out the identification, investigation and prevention of crimes committed by advenal persons, against advenal persons or when the circumstances of a crime are mainly known to the advenal persons whose characteristics, reflected in their actions, determine the activities of the investigator in the process of collecting, examining and evaluating proof on the criminal cases of this category.
Criminological Prevention as a Priority Task of Juvenile Justice
Authors: Ivanova Anna
Published: June 2019

The author examines the establishment of juvenile justice in Russia in connection with the unsolved problem of crimes committed by or against minors. The paper contains the analysis of the concepts «crime prevention», «criminological prevention», «early prevention» and presents the authors definitions of them. The author also studies the work of specially authorized bodies involved in early prevention, analyses the terms «juvenile justice», «juvenile technologies», offers their classification and describes juvenile technologies. It is argued that the actual implementation of juvenile justice in the Russian Federation considerably depends on the legislative basis that is yet to be created. The author presents the principles of juvenile justice (socialization of a minor, competence in the process of prevention, an individual approach to work with minors, support for the families, scientific validity, transparency, accountability of specially authorized agencies for their actions) used for the purposes of criminological prevention. It is necessary to deal with the following challenges in order to reform the preventative work of social protection and other agencies: 1) personnel, material and financial support; 2) systematization of normative legal acts on the preventative measures for juvenile crime and the protection of the rights of minors; 3) the development of modern methods for the actual reduction of juvenile crime, etc. This research allowed the author to showcase the pre-requisites for the establishment of a punitive system of juvenile justice in Russia. In order to change this situation and to develop the potential of juvenile justice in Russia, it is necessary to overcome the existing confrontation of the state and the society, to eliminate the stereotype of the punitive orientation of social workers activities, to cooperate with the community. The author stresses that it is important to use scientific tools to change the orientation of the work of specially authorized agencies from a dominantly punitive attitude to an understanding one, which agrees with the trends in criminological prevention.
Understanding the Future of Criminology: an Overview of Current Trends
Authors: Sudakova Tatyana , Nomokonov Vitaly
Published: June 2019

The study and evaluation of established and evolving views of scholars regarding the future of criminology, expressed in articles as well as books, requires their generalization and makes it possible to formulate certain conclusions. Speculations regarding the future of criminology are primarily connected with the future crime trends and the projected reaction of the society and the theories of crime to their changes. Is the following theoretically and logically sound chain going to be perspective: technological development and rapid technological progress - use of new technologies by criminals - structural changes in crime - systemic changes in the law enforcement structures that meet the new criminal threats? Rapid technological progress, worsening social and economic inequality gave rise to futurological criminological research. Modern theory of criminology has many areas of urgent importance. They include the following issues debated in the academic circles: first, the effective methodological basis for such research, second, the possible ways of improving crime prevention theory that is dependent on the social processes and third, how and in what direction will criminology evolve in connection with the social trends and if it will be able to «incorporate» and take into account future, intensively and actively predicted trends of global social development, while gaining the status of the science of the future. Global criminology, fundamental criminology, digital criminology - what is the attitude of scholars to these theoretical constructs in todays academic discussions? Do speculations on the future of criminology have and prospects? Viewing science today as one of the forces that can help overcome the global civilization crisis has encouraged criminologists to discuss a wider consistent approach to future criminology as a source of ensuring criminological safety of the future society. The authors discuss the necessity and appropriateness of returning, in criminology as well as science in general, to the holistic worldview at the level of scientific knowledge. Criminology should develop by sprouting new branches supported by technological progress. A special part should be played by the criminology of hi tech that converges the knowledge of natural sciences.
Typical Ways of Committing Crimes Related to the Construction and Operation of Apartment Buildings
Authors: Astafiyev Sergey , Khomkalov Gennady , Egerev Ivan , Egereva Olesya
Published: June 2019

Crimes in the sphere of housing can be divided into two groups: those committed at the stage of construction and those committed at the stage of building management. Crimes at the stage of construction are most often connected with unscrupulous developers who have accumulated money for equity construction and then have failed to build the house or put it into commission, which could be characterized as fraud. There are many crimes connected with the overestimation of construction costs, provision of false work completion statements, etc. Crimes of unscrupulous management companies in the sphere of building maintenance are most often connected with embezzlement of funds collected from the dwellers as payments for utilities, and their non-transfer to the corresponding public utility companies. Besides, both management and construction companies often try to overestimate their costs by providing fictitious completion statements for the volume of work that has not been done, which could be viewed as the falsification of primary evidence. The sophisticated illegal schemes used by companies involved in the construction and management of apartment buildings result in a steady increase of the number of complaints from dwellers and equity construction participants, which leads to an increased burden on the specially authorized bodies who examine crimes in this sphere. The goal of this article is to systematize different ways of committing crimes in the sphere of housing and to improve the efficiency of their solving, investigation and prevention.
TEST PROTOCOL - HTAPP to HTAN v1
Authors: Jane-Valbuena Judit
Published: June 2019

This is a test!
İntranazal Salbutamolün Allerjik Rinitli Çocuk Hastalarda Görülen Burun Tıkanıklığı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: YALIM Sıdıka Deniz , ASİLSOY Suna , YILMAZ İsmail , DURMAZ Cemile , USTA GÜÇ Belgin
Published: June 2019

Amaç: Atopik alerjik rinitli
çocuk hastalarda intranazal salbutamol uygulanmasının etkisi olup olmadığını
araştırmak.Gereç ve Yöntemler:
Yaşları 6 ile 17 arasında atopik alerjik rinitli on altı çocuk hastaya (9
erkek, 7 kız) intranazal salbutamol uygulandı 
ve ilaç uygulamasından önce ve hemen sonra akustik rinometri ile
değerlendirildi.Bulgular: İntranazal salbutamol
uygulamasından önce ve sonra sol ve sağ nazal kaviteler arasında CSA(Çapraz
kesit alanı)1 SD(standart deviasyon) ve ayrıca sağ nazal kavitede CSA1 alanı ve
CSA3 mesafesi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı.

Sonuç: İntranazal salbutamol
uygulaması atopik alerjik rinitli çocuk hastalarda hiçbir yan etkisi olmaksızın
faydalıdır. Ayrıca intranazal salbutamol akut burun tıkanıklıklarında kurtarıcı
ilaç olarak kullanılabilir.
The Comparison of Spinal Ropivacaıne and Levobupivacaine for Transurethral Surgery
Authors: BİLAL Bora , YAĞAN Özgür , ALBAYRAK Mahinur Demet , AKAN TUNÇTÜRK Belgin , GÖĞÜŞ Nermin
Published: June 2019

Objective. It was aimed to compare the efficacy of levobupivacaine
and ropivacaine during transurethral resection of the prostate under spinal
anesthesia.Material and Methods:
In this prospective, randomized, double-blind trial, 40 patients
undergoing elective transurethral resection of the prostate under spinal
anesthesia were randomized into two groups. 
0.75% levobupivacaine 7.5mg (Group I) and 0.75% ropivacaine 7.5mg (Group
II) were used intrathecally.Results: There
were no differences the time for sensorial block to reach T10, maximum
sensorial block level, the time to reach maximum block level, motor block level
at the end of surgery between the groups. 
The two-segment regression time was 53.75 ± 10.75 minutes in Group I and
73.25 ± 15.50 minutes in Group II (p<0.000), the regression time to reach
T12 was 70.25±17.05 minutes in Group I and 88.00 ± 20.42 in Group II
(p<0.005),  the duration of the motor
block was 60.75±36.93 minutes in Group I and 92.00±26.03 minutes in Group II
(p<0.004). There was not any significant difference between groups with
regard to hemodynamic data and side effects.

Conclusions: This study showed that, low-dose levobupivacaine and
ropivacaine used in transurethral surgery have similar effects and delivers
sufficient and reliable anesthesia. Use of ropivacaine constitutes an advantage
since the motor blockage level is shorter with it. As a result, it was concluded that
low-dose ropivacaine and levobupivacaine used in transurethral surgery had
similar effects, provided adequate and reliable anesthesia, but ropivacaine was
an advantage because of the short duration of motor block.
The effect of Nigella sativa (black cumin seeds) and Zingiber officinale (Ginger rhizome) Essential Oils on Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Aziz Shawnm , Salih Tara , Hamachawash Kwestan
Published: June 2019

Antibiotic resistance is growing and has limited the ability of physician's treatment decisions. Discovery of new, effective and safe substances that prevent troublesome infections is greatly needed to provide alternative therapeutic options. This study evaluated the antibacterial and synergistic effect of Hydro extracts of two plants essential oils of black seed  (Nigella sativa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome each alone and in combination, against selected different strains of gram negative and gram positive multidrug-resistant bacteria (Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter  baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia  coli and  Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ) isolated from burn patients. The isolated were identified basing upon their colony characteristics, gram-staining, motility and biochemical tests according to standard microbiological techniques. All the isolates were tested for their susceptibility to different antibiotics and compared to the interpretive chart zone sizes.  The antibacterial effect of essential oils was conducted against all isolates by disk diffusion assay, the minimum inhibitory concentrations and the minimum bactericidal concentrations of the plant essential oils were processed by using micro-dilution technique. The results indicated that all the different strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli that were tested against 100% concentration of essential oils; there was no recorded zone of inhibition. However, for the different strains of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, different zones of inhibition where obtained for Nigella sativa oil singly and combination of Nigella sativa with Zingiber officinale at different dilutions 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% and 3.12%. Nigella sativa oil alone presents inhibition zones at concentration 100% ranged between (10mm) to (34mm), while Zingiber officinale oil extracts alone had no significant antibacterial effect. In 

 addition, combination of both oil extracts at 100% concentration showed inhibition zone greatest than the standards antibiotics which ranged between (12mm) to (52mm). Synergistic effect was noticed in combination of Nigella sativa, Zingiber officinale oil extracts and Antibiotics. The combination of both oil extracts of Nigella sativa oil and Zingiber officinale oil showed an excellent antibacterial and synergistic activity against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Anatomical characters used to delimit species of some genera of Brassicaceae in Iraq.
Authors: Al-Saadi Sahar , Qader Karzan , Fetah Heyder
Published: June 2019

The anatomical characters of the leaf epidermal cells and trichomes of 13 species of Brassicaceae family were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed cell walls thicker in Cheiranthus cheiri, Camelina rumelica, Biscutella didyma; and also, in lower epidermis of Crambe orientalis. While they were thin in Calepina irregularis, Lobularia maritima, Nasturtium officinale and Thlaspi perfoliatum. Cells of upper epidermis were with strongly undulate anticlinal cell walls in Capsella bursa-pastoris, Draba bruniifolia, Nasturtium officinale and Sameraria stylophora. Cells were with sinuous anticlinal walls in Calepina irregularis, Cheiranthus cheiri and Biscutella didyma. There were straight-sinuate anticlinal cell walls in the rest of the species studied. Five types of stomatal complex were found: 1. Anisocytic (Cruciferous), 2. Anomocytic (Rununculaceous), 3. Hemiparacytic, 4. Paracytic, in Cheiranthus cheiri, Crambe orientalis, Nasturtium officinale, Cardaria drapa subsp. draba and Thlaspi perfoliatum, and 5. Tetracytic in Cardaria draba and Thlaspi perfoliatum. The highest Stomatal index percent was 36.4% on the abaxial surface of Cheiranthus cheiri, and the lowest 7.81% in abaxial of Draba bruniifolia.  Eight trichome types are distinguished: Simple, T-shaped, Y-shaped, V-shaped, Vesiculate, Clavate, Dendroid, Stellate and Long membranous. In addition, glabrous species also were found.
Ability of different adsorbent for removal of Rhodamine B from aqueous solution
Authors: Ahmed Nawzad , Al-Salihi Kareem
Published: June 2019

Adsorption of Rhodamine B dye on powdered TiO2, zinc oxide (ZnO) and natural Bentonoit clay from aqueous solutions have been studied .The potential for the adsorption of Rhoamine dye at a fixed initial concentration of 5 ppm. The experiments were carried out in a batch system to optimize operation variables initial concentration, effect of time adsorption isotherms.

The langmuir and frendlish isotherm equations were applied to the data and values of parameters of these results suggest that the adsorption of (RB) dye on ZnO observed more fit to Freundlich model it means the Rhodamine B adsorbed weakly to the surfaces of ZnO, physical adsorption is achieved between the adsorbed and adsorbent, but the adsorption on TiO2 and bentonite better fit to Langmuir model. Kinetics study was made using lagergreen equation the results show the sorption of Rhodamine B dye uptake on ZnO fitted to first order reaction. And the sorption of RB on TiO2, and Bentonite fitted with second order. The partition coefficient kd for the sorption of RB on TiO2, ZnO and bentonite also determined and shows the value of Kd increases with time until equilibrium and becomes constant. we can conclude that the proportion of RB dye on each adsorbent increase which means that the large number of adsorption sites available with the rate slowing with time as sites fill up. The enthalpy of adsorption of rhodamine B on TiO2, + 4.09 kJ/mol, on ZnO +15.25 kJ/mol and on bentonite +4.01 kJ/mol indicates that the process is endothermic. The thermodynamic quantities ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°, for the adsorption of rhodamine B dye on the surfaces of TiO2, ZnO and bentonite have been calculated. The result shows that the value of ΔG° decrease with an increase in temperature indicates that the adsorption process is more favorable at high temperature. Whereas the positive value of ΔS° as a result of rhodamine B adsorption due to an increased degree of freedom in the system and indicates high affinity of the adsorbent for Rhodamine molecules.
Microfaunal Assemblages and microfacies of Nummulitic Limestone of Naopurdan Group from Chwarta Area, Sulaimaniya Governorate, Northern Iraq
Authors: Daoud Hyam
Published: June 2019

Thirty-one samples were collected from nummulitic limestone of the Naopurdan Shaly Group of Paleocene-Early Eocene at the northern part of Chwarta town. Thirty-three thin sections were prepared and analyzed under a binocular microscope. Four main depositional microfacies Packstone, Floatstone, Boundstone, and Wackestone have been recognized. Thirty-two species of benthic foraminifers and algae were recorded; most of them were identified for the first time. The new species of microfossil assemblages identified comprises Nummulites sp., N. kdjokdjokartae, N. globulus, N. mammilatus, N. subirregularis, Alveolina violae, A. stercusmuris, A. frumentiformis, A. fornasinii, A. cf. sakaryaensis, Assilina laminose, A. granulosa, Discocyclina ranikotensis, D. dispansa, Lepidocyclina sumatrensis, L. parva, Cuvillierina sireli, Thalmanitta madrugaensis, Nephrolepidina sp., Idalina sinjarica, Cymopolia ellongata, Quinqueloculina, Biloculina, Pseudohatigerina sp., Asterocyclina ferrandezi n. sp. and Eulepidina dilatata. Besides these species, nine levels of distribution of microfauna were established and based on the microfossil assemblages and microfacies, the new paleoenvironments of deposition from the subtidal to outer ramp have been determined. In addition, the age Late Paleocene (Selandian) to Early Eocene (Lower Lutetian) was confirmed.
Chronicle of the Oligocene succession (Kirkuk Group) in Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region, North Iraq
Authors: Karim Kamal , Hama Briar
Published: June 2019

The previous studies referred to the Duhok area as a terrestrial uplift during Oligocene while the present study achieved completely different result by recording and mapping about 20-30 meters thick succession of the Oligocene Rocks (Kirkuk Group) for first time. The succession extends for about 20 kilometers inside the High Folded Zone and the previous basin boundary of Oligocene shifted to north for more than 50 kilometers. The succession consists of lagoonal limestone and changes in certain places, in the north, to patchy reef. Few beds of polymictic and limestone conglomerates intervened the succession in different levels. The Middle and Upper Oligocene index fossils are common, the most significant ones are Archias hensoni, Austrotrillina howchini, Praerhapydionina delicata, Peneroplis evolutus, Archias asmariensis, Archias kirkukensis and spirolina austrica. The main facies are coral and red algae bounstone, foraminifera and intraclast packstone to grainstone, pelecypod gastropod bioclast packstone to grainstone. The paleogeography setting (model) of the Oligocene is discussed in detail, compared with previous model and new model is drawn.
METHOD OF MODELING A REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM WITH DOUBLE REINFORCEMENT FOR STRENGTH, DEFORMATION AND FIRE RESISTANCE
Authors: MORDOVSKY Sergey S. , ILYIN Nikolay A. , PANFILOV Denis A. , TALANOVA Valeriya N. , BUZOVSKAYA Yana A.
Published: June 2019

The article presents a new technical solution, which relates to the field of construction, in particular, to the testing of bending reinforced concrete elements - building beams for strength, deformation and fire resistance on a scale model. The new method of solution implies an increase in the information content, visual clarity and depth of experimental studies of reinforced concrete beams as a result of using the cost-effective way of designing geometric and forceful similarity to the scale model of reinforced concrete beams for strength, deformation and fire resistance. The proposed method allows us to estimate the limiting states of a reinforced concrete beam by strength, deformation and fire resistance; develop an analytical model for calculating the actual fire resistance; save on labor costs in the manufacture of large scale model of full scale design for its testing.
STRUCTURE TOPOLOGICAL MODEL OF SEWAGE SYSTEMS SETTLEMENT AND ITS FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Authors: SHUVALOV Mikhail V.
Published: June 2019

A topological model of the structure of the technical system of sewage settlement, which is displayed using graphs, is proposed. The functional description of the settlement technical system is verbally executed and reflects a multilevel hierarchy of sewer system functions. The proposed topological model of a technical system and its functional description allow the analysis of the real sewerage system of a settlement and modeling to solve its modernization problems and determine the direction of its prospective development, taking into account the many internal and external factors and relations with the surrounding knowledge space and technology complexes. The factors influencing the improvement of all complexes of the settlement sewerage system, as well as the choice of technological solutions at the stage of architectural and construction design of these technical systems are described in detail.
PROBLEMS OF COMPACT CITIES OF PROVINCIAL RUSSIA OF THE ХХI CENTURY
Authors: ORLOVA Natalya A. , ORLOV Dmitry N. , MASLOVA Evgenia A.
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to the consideration in a generalized manner of the range of possible strategies for the spatial development of provincial cities in Russia, taking into account the current specifics of the formation of their management institutions and construction business enterprises. The main options for the development of cities in the near future with their pros and cons are considered. The problem developed in this article is extremely relevant for almost any city in modern Russia at the stage of changing the economic structure and the country's transition from an industrial to a postindustrial type of economy. The authors of the article substantiate the advantages of choosing a polycentric model of the development of the city of Samara. Conclusions and recommendations are made on a specific urban planning material.
ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE THICKNESS OF DEPOSITS ON THE INTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT EXCHANGERS
Authors: KURGANOVA Olga Yu. , KUDINOV Igor V. , KLEBLEEV Ruslan M. , STEFANYUK Ekaterina V. , GAVRILOVA Tatiana E.
Published: June 2019

Using the exact analytical solution of the stationary thermal conductivity problem for a two layer flat wall under inhomogeneous boundary conditions of the first and third kind, an analytical method for thickness determination of the sediment layer on the inner surface of the pipeline wall by the temperature known from the experiment on its outer surface is developed. The thickness of the deposits is found from the solution of the inverse problem by substituting the experimental value of the temperature of the outer surface of the wall into the formula of an accurate analytical solution. According to the results of theoretical studies, the thickness of the deposits was equal to 1.3 cm. Due to the large diameter of the pipeline (0.6 m) and the insignificant thickness of the two layer wall (0.016 m), it was assumed to be flat. The thickness of the deposits according to experimental studies was equal to 1.1 cm. Therefore, the discrepancy between the results of theoretical and experimental studies is 15.3%. The sequence of obtaining a solution to a similar problem for a cylindrical wall is also presented.
COMPARABLE ANALYSIS OF THE INSTRUMENT PARK OF COMMERCIAL ACCOUNTING OF THERMAL ENERGY IN THE URBAN DISTRICT SAMARA
Authors: NEMCHENKO Vladimir I. , POSASHKOV Mikhail V. , KRAYNOV Oleg K. , BODYAGIN Alexey A. , ZUBKOV Dmitry N.
Published: June 2019

A comparative metrological analysis of the instrument fl eet of commercial accounting of heat energy and coolant was carried out based on the results of periodic calibration of measuring instruments in 2004 - 2005 and 2016 - 2017. Methods reviewed for assessing the suitability of coolants and their components (fl ow, temperature, pressure transducers) and measuring sets based on them. From the metrological point of view, the obtained results of the analysis make it more reasonable to form a list of recommended metering devices, and they will also be useful in predicting the costs of metrological and routine maintenance of existing heat metering systems.
Sistema de compensación de los docentes ocasionales y catedráticos de las universidades públicas de la ciudad de Palmira – Valle del Cauca – 2017
Authors: Chica-Velásquez Mónica Fernanda , León-Polo Erika Paola , Montoya-Rendón Julio César
Published: June 2019

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo describir el sistema de compensación de los docentes ocasionales y catedráticos de las universidades públicas de la ciudad de Palmira- Valle del Cauca– 2017. Como referente, se tuvo en cuenta la normativa interna de las universidades, la legislación y conceptos, contrastándolos con la información obtenida de fuente primaria. Es una investigación de carácter mixto, de diseño transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 143 docentes; 48 docentes de la Universidad del Valle, 51 de la Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia y 44 de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. La encuesta diseñada indagó aspectos del sistema de compensación y contratación. Los resultados evidencian que los sistemas de compensación de las universidades participantes, están enmarcados dentro de la normatividad vigente, se rigen por diferentes estatutos y leyes estipulados por el gobierno nacional y la normativa interna de cada universidad, los cuales se enfocan en los derechos, deberes, condiciones de trabajo con que cuentan los docentes ocasionales, sin embargo, hay aspectos que solo benefician al personal de carrera y no a los docentes ocasionales, no cuentan con promociones, convocatorias para planta docente, incentivos, lo que hace una gran diferencia con los docentes de carrera y debe ser tema de revisión por parte de los involucrados.
Análisis de la accidentalidad laboral en colaboradores de una institución de educación superior para el diseño de un programa de cuidado a la salud - Cartagena 2018
Authors: Escudero Sabogal Irina del Rosario , Muñoz Vergara Amaury
Published: June 2019

Se pretende analizar la tasa de accidentalidad laboral en los colaboradores de una Institución de Educación Superior en Cartagena, Colombia, para el diseño de un programa de cuidado a la salud, mediante un estudio transversal y descriptivo entre los años 2015 al 2017; para la recolección de la información se utilizaron los registros de reporte de accidentes, la caracterización de la accidentalidad de la administradora de riesgos laborales SURA y la matriz de identificación de peligros y valoración del riesgo de la Institución; los resultados se analizaron con la herramienta de Microsoft Excel, y se obtuvo la tasa de accidentalidad en cada año, 2015 (2%), 2016 (3%) y 2017 (3%); la parte del cuerpo con mayor afectación fueron los miembros inferiores (40%), seguidos de las manos (30%); los riesgos locativos y mecánicos los de mayor incidencia de accidentes; además se diseñó un modelo educativo con base en actividades andragógicas y desarrollo por competencias; en conclusión, aunque la tasa de accidentalidad en la Institución es relativamente baja, se requiere de medidas de promoción y prevención para fomentar la cultura del cuidado a la salud de los colaboradores, con la finalidad de mejorar su calidad de vida
Finding the Right Balance: Integrating Old and New Approaches for Anatomy Teaching
Authors: Elbeshbeishy Rana
Published: June 2019

Although anatomy is one of the core knowledge pillars within medical teaching, the level of knowledge covered in the modernized medical curriculan recent years around the world has declined considerably, due to the use of old-fashioned pedagogical methods. This study examines available approaches to anatomy teaching and how to improve student learning in this area, while also targeting higher skills and knowledge for future medical personnel. Using a mix of qualitative and quantitative methodologies to collect data, mini-interviews and online surveys were conducted with a sample of four participants (a student, a resident, and two medical educators) to explore the different aspects of anatomy learning and its key challenges. From this small sample of medical students and educators, data was collected around four key themes: fundamental introductory learning, technology-based education, teaching techniques, and updated curriculum. A thematic analysis of the participants’ insights revealed that, while technology-based alternatives were considered effective tools, dissecting cadavers was the preferred means of learning anatomy.
Anatomical variations of sphenoid sinus among patients undergoing computed tomography of paranasal sinus
Authors: Singh Bhanu Pratap , Metgudmath Rajendra Basayya , Singh Divya , Saxena Udit
Published: June 2019

Background: The approach to sphenoid sinus still remains a clinical challenge, despite the arrival of endoscopy, computed tomography (CT) and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). The complex and variable anatomy of the sphenoid sinus can be difficult to appreciate with standard axial or coronal CT images of the sinus. The study was done with the objective to study the anatomy of the sphenoid sinus and its variations, and to compare the prevalence of variants obtained in our study with the reported cases in the literature.

Methods: The CT scans of 168 normal slides obtained from 84 patients with paranasal sinus were analysed using triplanar imaging provided by 64-slice spiral CT. The prevalence of each of the sphenoid sinus variation was also analysed.  

Results: Results showed that the prevalence of pneumatization of the anterior clinoid process, greater wing of the sphenoid, and the pterygoid process was 17.85%, 22.61% and 32.14%, respectively. Protrusion of the internal carotid artery, optic nerve, maxillary nerve, and the vidian nerve was 47.61%, 36.90%, 25% and 26.19%, respectively. Dehiscence of internal carotid artery, optic nerve, maxillary nerve, and the vidian nerve was 30.95%, 29.76%, 14.28% and 22.61%, respectively. The prevalence of pneumatization in the Onodi cells was seen in 17.85% of the cases. Association of septa with an internal carotid artery was seen in 29.7% of the cases. Septa attachment to the optic nerve was also observed in 27.3% of the cases.

Conclusions: The triplanar imaging (section thickness of 1 mm) is a better three-dimensional image of the sphenoid sinus, compared to coronal imaging. Triplanar imaging guides the surgical approach of the sphenoid sinus with mentally reconstructed three-dimensional images.

 
A study of thyroid profile abnormalities in vitiligo patients in tertiary care center of South India, in Telangana
Authors: B. Sushmalatha
Published: June 2019

Background: Several autoimmune conditions are associated with vitiligo. But thyroid is most common cause. We under took the study for the incidence of association of thyroid abnormalities involving in patients of vitiligo. The present study is conducted to know the incidence of thyroid profile abnormalities in various morphological forms of vitiligo.

Methods: The present study was conducted on 53 patients of clinically diagnosed cases of vitiligo in the outpatients department of DVL of Mamata General Hospital for a period of 1 year 2018 January to 2019 January. 53 patients of age sex matched patients with other dermatosis excluding vitiligo are randomly designed as controls. Investigations were carried out in all patients of vitiligo like routine, specific like thyroid profile (T3, T4, TSH profile).

Results: The presence study showing female to male ratio is 1:3:1 thyroid function abnormalities found in 33.96% of patients compared to 7.54% controls.

Conclusions: In present study has shown that autoimmune thyroid diseases both in the form of hypothyroid, hyper thyroidism are frequently associated with vitiligo patients.
Knowledge and Position: How to Manage Ambiguous Public Welfare Work
Authors: Rønningstad Chris
Published: June 2019

This study draws on 41 interviews with managers and employees in the Norwegian public welfare services. The findings describe how employees in ambiguous semi-professional work experience frontline managers as knowledgeable. Underscoring the importance of managers with knowledge of the tasks at hand and field of work, the findings challenge existing theory on how managers support employees in discretionary work. An explanation for this may be found in the ambiguous, semi-professional setting requiring managerial input. The findings identify acts relevant for managing employees experiencing tensions between standardization and discretion.