bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Rise and Fall of the Aid Effectiveness Norm
Authors: Brown Stephen
Published: April 2020

This article analyzes the rise and fall of the aid effectiveness norm, using the lens of Finnemore and Sikkink’s norm ‘life cycle’. I argue that, although donors and recipients endorsed the founding principles, the norm was only feebly internalized: they were unwilling to overcome their reluctance—and important disincentives—to substantially change their practices on the ground. After the norm cascaded, the donor-led process sought to gain legitimacy and diffuse the norm more broadly by trying to bring in a wider range of actors through norm substitution. These changes failed to convince emerging donors to engage and caused the norm to decay to the point where it ceased to constitute a norm. This case highlights the importance of refining the life cycle model to take into account weak internalization and the potential existence of a second phase in which norms decline and potentially die.
Socio-economic valuation of seagrass meadows in the Pulai River Estuary, Peninsular Malaysia, through a wellbeing lens
Authors: Rahman Serina Abdul , Yaakub Siti Maryam
Published: April 2020

Ecosystem-service valuation is a useful tool for assessing potential costs of a development, from potential habitat-rehabilitation costs or habitat-value losses. Such an assessment can help avoid or mitigate cost implications from such losses. Furthermore, most environmental-impact assessments focus solely on ecological services, without considering the socio-ecological-economic relationships that provide a more holistic assessment of a habitat by incorporating socio-economic values. This study combines the benefit-transfer approach with significant anthropological and local-knowledge inputs to determine a more complete assessment of the value of seagrass meadows in Mukim Tanjung Kupang, Johor, Malaysia. We collected data that are site-specific and relevant to a small-scale artisanal fishery in this area, which include often-excluded measures such as reported catch landings, gleaning, tourism and downstream economic values. This study determined a seagrass habitat value of US$57731.80 (RM242473.58) ha–1 year–1. However, this figure is highly underestimated owing to the number of unavailable ecosystem-service values, as well as an uncertain future for the area. The research has shown that there are many more components to economic assessments of natural habitats than has previously been realised.
Fecundity and sex steroid profile in boarfish Capros aper
Authors: Sequeira Vera , Couto Elsa , Neves Ana , Vieira Ana Rita , Canario Adelino , Gordo Leonel Serrano
Published: April 2020

The boarfish Capros aper is one of the most commonly discarded non-commercial species in the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) Subdivision VIII in the Atlantic. An increasing interest in this fishery and an incomplete knowledge on the status of the stock justified the present investigation focused on the determination of fecundity type and its estimation, supported by sex steroid profiles for 17β-oestradiol (E2), 11-ketotestosterone and 17,20β-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one (17,20β-P). C. aper was found to have indeterminate fecundity with a mean relative batch fecundity during the spawning peak of 50 oocytes g−1 eviscerated weight (WE) and a mean relative annual fecundity of 4020 oocytes g−1 WE. E2 variations throughout the year indicated the existence of at least two important spawning events, one in winter (January–February) and the other in summer (June–August), with concentrations in females increasing from those with growing oocytes in the developing phase to those in the spawning capable phase. Higher E2 concentrations were also found from 2000 to 2400 hours and from 0800 to 1200 hours suggesting more intense vitellogenesis activity during the night and in the morning, in contrast to 17,20β-P concentrations, which were higher between 1200 and 2000 hours, suggesting a more intense spawning activity during this period.
New HST data and modeling reveal a massive planetesimal collision around Fomalhaut
Authors: Gáspár András , Rieke George H.
Published: April 2020

The apparent detection of an exoplanet orbiting Fomalhaut was announced in 2008. However, subsequent observations of Fomalhaut b raised questions about its status: Unlike other exoplanets, it is bright in the optical and nondetected in the infrared, and its orbit appears to cross the debris ring around the star without the expected gravitational perturbations. We revisit previously published data and analyze additional Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data, finding that the source is likely on a radial trajectory and has faded and become extended. Dynamical and collisional modeling of a recently produced dust cloud yields results consistent with the observations. Fomalhaut b appears to be a directly imaged catastrophic collision between two large planetesimals in an extrasolar planetary system. Similar events should be very rare in quiescent planetary systems of the age of Fomalhaut, suggesting that we are possibly witnessing the effects of gravitational stirring due to the orbital evolution of hypothetical planet(s) around the star.
Synthesis and characterization of optical properties of soft and hard Er3+-doped (K Na)NbO3 piezophotonic ceramics
Authors: dos Santos M. C. , Eiras J. A. , Lente M. H.
Published: April 2020

Real-time tuning of photoluminescence properties are highly desirable for potential applications. Thus, one proposed approach is to tune the photoluminescence emissions by applying an external electric field. However, in order to switch the ferroelectric polarization, high quality bulk
ceramics is demanded. In this work, soft and hard Er3+-doped (K,Na)NbO3 piezophotonic ceramics were prepared by the conventional route and their microstructural, structural and up-conversion emission properties were investigated. Dense and free from secondary phases ceramics
were successfully produced. The photoluminescence spectra, in the visible range, were characterized as a function of the pumping power. For the soft composition, a remarkable green shift was verified with increasing the laser power. It was supposed that the excited state absorption, involving
a three-photon absorption process, was involved in the 4S3/2→4I15/2 transition. For the hard composition, the two-photon absorption process was dominant and the presence of complex defects reduced significantly the 4F9/2→4I15/2
transition.
BaTiO3 based photonic time crystal and momentum stop band
Authors: Ozer Zafer , Mamedov Amirullah M. , Ozbay Ekmel
Published: April 2020

Temporally periodic photonic crystals develop an ω-k dispersion relation with momentum band gaps. While conventional photonic crystals induce forbidden bands in the frequency spectrum of photons, photonic time crystals create forbidden regions in the momentum spectrum of
photons. This effect allows for enhanced control over many optical processes that require both photonic energy and momentum conservations such as nonlinear harmonic generation. The simulation results show that more intensive scatter fields can obtained in photonic space time crystal. Also,
we investigate topological phase transitions of photonic time crystals systems.
Sorghum genotypes evaluation in drought-prone land of East Flores agroecosystem for biomass improvement with liquid organic fertilizer application
Authors: Santoso S B , Suwarti  , Pabendon M B
Published: April 2020

Drought tolerant sorghum varieties cultivation on dryland areas is one of the potential sources of plant biomass to be used for bioethanol production. East Nusa Tenggara which has a short month of rainfall and mainly consists of drought-prone areas is suitable for sorghum to thrive where most other food crops simply withered. Eleven sorghum genotypes were evaluated on the dry land of East Flores in East Nusa Tenggara with treatment in the different applications of organic liquid fertilizer. Results showed that genotypes values were significantly different in all traits observed, and the interaction factors between fertilizer and genotypes had a significant effect on all traits except panicle length and width. The application of liquid organic fertilizer, however, did not significantly affect traits in both plant and stem biomass. Super 2 genotype showed the highest stem biomass value and differed significantly compared to other genotypes, even though fertilized treatment obtained less yield (29.87 t.ha−1) compared to without fertilizer (44.11 t.ha−1). Pearson correlation between all observed traits showed that stem biomass was significantly highly correlated to various traits, such as number of internodes (r = 0.77), plant height (r = 0.74), stem diameter (r = 0.72), and plant biomass weight (r = 0.97).
Extraction of citronella oil using an ohmic heating method
Authors: Kristinawati Andika , Nikmatin Siti , Irmansyah  , Setyaningsih Dwi
Published: April 2020

The basic principle of ohmic heating is the dissipation of electrical energy into heat which causes warming effect and membrane cell permeability. The aim of this study was to explore the tools that use the ohmic heating method to extract essential oils from lemongrass. The extraction process of citronellal and geraniol was using several temperature variations which were at 90 °C using aquadest (citronellal 31.77% and geraniol 18.49%) and at 80 °C using ethanol-n-hexane (citronella 31.75% and geraniol 18.65%). The ohmic heating method based extraction process resulted in a variety of electrodes that were producing the alpha-cadinol compounds which were not found in the control. The average electrical power in the treatment using copper plates were 1287.7 watts and 1116.04 watts. Moreover, the result showed that the produced citronella oil has fulfilled the criteria for citronella oil quality standard according to SNI 06-39531995 which has a density value in the range of 0.850 - 0.892 g/cm3
Foaming performance test of palm oil foaming agent solution for prevention and fire extinguishing on peatland surface
Authors: Pramuhadi G , Rivai M , Hambali E , Suryani A
Published: April 2020

This research aims to test the performance of palm oil foaming agent solution (POFAS) in a laboratory for the prevention and fire extinguishing of a peatland surface. The materials used in this research were POFAS formulas, i.e. NF45 and NF46, at various concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 6%. Measuring tools and machines used were patternator and spraying measurement tools, a knapsack mist blower for the foam method, a knapsack electric sprayer, and an air blower for the non-foam method. Results of this research showed that the minimum droplet diameter, maximum droplet density, maximum effective spraying width, and minimum effective spraying debit were 452.06 μm, 136.22 droplets cm−2, 72 cm, and 1.47 liter min−1 for foam method, and 452.24 μm, 148.33 droplets cm−2, 56 cm, and 1.84 liter min−1 for non-foam method. In the foam method, the NF45 formula with a concentration of 2% was the most effective POFAS formula for the prevention and extinguishing of the peatland surface because it has the largest ability to cover the peat surface pore spaces. In the non-foam method, the NF46 formula with a concentration of 3% was the most efficient POFAS formula because it has a large effective spraying width and the smallest effective spraying debit so that this POFAS application was the shortest and most efficient in POFAS consumption.
Surface modification of rubber seed shell activated carbon with malic acid for high CO2 adsorption
Authors: Borhan Azry , Yusup Suzana , Mun Yong Sin
Published: April 2020

Carbon dioxide (CO2) has been stated as one of major contributor to climate change and affects marine ecosystems. Among other CO2 capturing technology, adsorption is widely used due to its numerous advantages. Rubber seed shell (RSS), an agriculture waste from rubber plantation was used as precursor for preparing activated carbon (AC) by chemical activation using Malic acid as activating agent for CO2 adsorption. In this research, the AC was characterized and analysed by SEM, Micrometric ASAP 2020, TGA and FTIR instruments. The optimum condition was found at activation temperature of 600 °C, sample A. Results from specific surface and porosity analyzer shows the AC total pore volume, specific surface area and diameter were 0.2635 cm3/g, 480.5692 m2/g and 2.1937 nm, respectively. The CO2 adsorption studies showed the CO2 uptake for the AC was 2.26 mmol/gwhich is better most agricultural wastes’ and commercial AC. It was found that malic acid helps to prolong the thermal stability of AC. The presence of a new FTIR peak in samples indicated N-H stretching and C=N stretching might due to remaining malic acid on the surface which increased the CO2 affinity and was an attractive source for CO2 adsorption applications.
Establishment and Application of Sand Prediction Model Based on Monte Carlo Method in Offshore Oil-gas Field
Authors: He Hanping , Guo Fang , Liu Liming , Li Menggang , Wang Xin
Published: April 2020

Accurate assessment of reservoir sanding risk is a key link in the optimization design of offshore oil-gas fields. Based on the Monte Carlo risk probability assessment method, three factors affecting sand production, such as rock Poisson’s ratio, rock density and acoustic time difference, are considered. At the same time, combined with the existing sand production index prediction theory, the probability distribution calculation model of sand risk is established and analyzed. The established prediction model is used to analyze the sand production case. The model was combined with the logging data and seismic data of some layers in Oilfield HZ 32-5 to form the probability distribution map of the sand production index of the J22, J50 and K08 horizons in HZ 32-5 Oilfield. The probability of different sand production levels of the three reservoir rock horizons is predicted, and the corresponding sand control risk prevention and control plan is formulated. Through the on-site application of HZ 32-5 Oilfield, it is proved that the model can more accurately assess the sand production risk in offshore oilfields, and has a good guiding significance for the design of oil-gas well completion schemes.
Path planning of manipulator based on acceleration and deceleration control of two-phase adaptive path
Authors: Li Yinghao , Zhang Pengwei , Hu Haichen , Yu Wei , Yang Shangkui
Published: April 2020

In this paper, the key technology in NC system, acceleration and deceleration control, is applied to path planning of manipulator. A two-phase adaptive path acceleration and deceleration control method is proposed, which reduces the requirement of S-shaped curve acceleration and deceleration control method on the shortest path length, and improves the smoothness of trapezoidal acceleration and deceleration control. On the whole, it improves the rapidity of accurately reaching the target position and the smoothness of manipulator’s movement.
Research on technology policy protection space of China’s deep-sea carrying equipment
Authors: Yang Wei , Cao Yuemeng
Published: April 2020

The development of disruptive technologies in the Marine field is an important means to seize the commanding heights of international scientific and technological competition and requires policy support from the government. Based on the concept of strategic niche management, this study quantitatively studied the construction and evolution of policy protection space during the development of China’s deep-sea carrier equipment technology from 2001 to 2018. The research shows that :(1) from 2001 to 2018, three different types of policy tools were used in relevant technology policies, with the proportion of “expect establishment” 62.50%, “network construction” 6.58% and “learning and experiment” 30.92%, but the use of policy tools was not balanced. (2) on the whole, the growth trend of the number of deep-sea submersible development is lower than the trend of the use of policy tools, indicating that the use of policy tools has a certain impact on the development of deep-sea vehicle technology, but the effect is limited. From 2010 to 2018, the number of deep-sea vehicles developed and the number of policy tools used increased by three times and four times respectively compared with that from 2001 to 2009, indicating that the use of policy tools after 2010 has a significant role in promoting the development of deep-sea vehicle technology and industry. (3) China’s deep-sea delivery equipment industry is still in the stage of technological niche, and the use of protective policy tools such as network construction should be strengthened.
Strengthening technique on firestop system of valve hall for existing UHVDC converter stations
Authors: Zhong Bo , Zhao Chang-Zheng , Zhang Ze-Jiang , Jiang Ya-Qiang , Zhang Jia-Qing , Liu Xiao-Sheng , Huang Hao
Published: April 2020

The ultra-high voltage direct current (UHVDC) converter station is the core of the UHVDC project to realize the mutual conversion of alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC). Its operational reliability directly affects the safety of personnel and equipment and the stable operation of the grid. The firestop system is key part of the protective system in converter station, and it faces the threat of fire and explosion of converter transformer. In this paper, in order to improve the safety performance of the firestop system of the valve hall of the existing converter station, the blast resistant design target of the firestop structure and a fireproof and blast resistant strengthening scheme are proposed; For a typical UHV converter station, the dynamic response process under different explosion conditions is further analyzed by numerical model. The results show that the strengthening scheme proposed in this paper can effectively meet the requirements of blast resistant design targets, and greatly improve the safety performance of the firestop system of the valve hall of the converter station under fire and explosion.
Fault diagnosis of motor rolling bearing based on IMF sample entropy and particle swarm optimization SVM
Authors: Yang Lixiang , Hu Qinghe , Zhang Shuang
Published: April 2020

Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to effectively identify rolling bearing faults, a method for motor rolling bearing faults based on IMF sample entropy and particle swarm optimization SVM (PSO-SVM) is proposed. Firstly, the complementary collective empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD) is applied to the adaptive decomposition of bearing vibration signals to obtain a group of Intrinsic Modal Functions (IMFs). Then the sample entropy of the IMF component containing the main fault feature information was calculated to obtain the sample entropy matrix of the signal component, which was input as the feature vector into the particle swarm optimization SVM for training and testing. Through the analysis of simulation and experimental data, the method has a high identification accuracy for fault types.
Decline of groundwater table and evolution of groundwater-overdraft regions in Linqing city
Authors: Pan Weiyan , Wang Feng , Zhang Shanshan , Xu zhenghe
Published: April 2020

Groundwater is an important source of water, and continuous exploitation of groundwater makes groundwater over-exploited. Over-exploitation causes many environmental and geological problems, which will affect the stabilization of society and the healthy development of economic. This paper investigated the temporal and spatial variation of groundwater level and the area of over-exploitation and provide some measures to prevent the aggravation of groundwater. The results found that the groundwater level decreased obviously with time, and the groundwater funnel formed in 1990 in the study area. The groundwater overexploitation has become an unavoidable problem for the study area, Linqing city in Shandong. The government policymakers should pay more attention to the groundwater overexploitation problem.
Determination of minimum miscible pressure in CO2-crude oil system of Changqing Oilfield
Authors: Liu Li , Ma Yingxue , Liu Xiao , Wang Wei , Liu Jinxin , Meng Xiangning , Meng Zetian
Published: April 2020

Carbon dioxide miscible flooding in low permeability sandstone reservoir can greatly enhance the recovery, the minimum miscible pressure (MMP) is the starting point of miscible flooding. Its determination is very important for oilfield development. In this paper, the internationally widely accepted thin tube experiment method and the bubble riser method are used to compare the minimum miscible pressure. Research results show that the minimum miscibility pressure obtained by slender tube displacement experiment is 22.12 MPa. The minimum miscible pressure measured by the bubbler method is 32.33 MPa, and the error result is large.
Electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes based on Li10GeP2S12-x
A
x
(A=O, Se. x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1)
Authors: Song Shipai , Yan Zongkai , Wu Fang , Zhang Xiaokun , Xiang Yong
Published: April 2020

The compositions Li10GeP2S12-x
A
x
(A = O, Se) solid electrolytes were synthesized. As x inreases, the ionic conductivity of the Li10GeP2S12-x
O
x
samples decreases from 2.8 mS/cm to 1.09 mS/cm. Li10GeP2S11.8Se0.2 has the highest ionic conductivity, 3.43 mS/cm, and the activation energy of 0.143 eV. The electrochemical stability is Li10GeP2S11.6O0.4 > Li10GeP2S12 > Li10GeP2S11.8Se0.2, and the electrochemical window of Li10GeP2S11.6O0.4 is about 1.40 – 3.00 V. The difference in electrochemical properties of Li10GeP2S12-x
A
x
(A = O, Se) can be used as a way to improve the interface of Li10GeP2S12-type solid batteries.
Machine learning based health assessment model for high pressure output pumps in LNG terminals
Authors: YuyunZeng  , Zhu Wenbo , Yang Jingjie , Xie Guangyao , Liu Jingquan
Published: April 2020

High pressure output pumps are one of the critical equipment in LNG terminals. Since the health condition of high pressure output pumps has a direct influence on production capability of the terminal, health assessment for these pumps in real time plays an important role on guaranteeing efficient productivity of LNG terminals. Using condition monitoring data, a machine learning based health assessment model for high pressure output pumps is proposed. Health features are constructed based on time domain statistical analysis and wavelet packet decomposition, and a SVR model is trained to calculate a health index from extracted features. Actual operating data in Qingdao LNG terminal are used for model validation. Results show that the calculated health indices are sensitive to faults and anomalies of the pumps, and are good indicators of pump health status. The proposed model also shows capability of early warning for some sudden failures, which can be valuable in the operation and maintenance management of LNG terminal equipment.
Stretchable organic printed microlaser
Authors: Yang Zhao Jin , Chen Lixuan , Li Ji , Chen Hsiao-Hsien , Zhang Xin , Zhou Hang
Published: April 2020

Miniaturized lasers with wavelength variability are of crucial importance for various ultracompact photonic devices. Here, we report fine tunable microlasers built by mechanically stretching the flexible microcavities and elastic substrate. The flexible microcavities fabricated by precisely printing dye-doped polymer solution on elastic substrate, enabled whispering-gallery-mode laser under optical pumping. Furthermore, on account of the outstanding structural flexibility of organic materials, reversible wavelength-tunable laser can be realized through adjusting the shape of microcavity via mechanical stretching the elastic substrate. The results will provide guidance for the rational design of photonic devices with novel performances based on the characteristic of organic flexible materials.
Influence Rainy and Dry Season to Daily Rainfall Interpolation in Complex Terrain of Sulawesi
Authors: Giarno  , Didiharyono D. , Fisu Amirudin Akbar , Mattingaragau Andi
Published: April 2020

Spatial interpolation widely is used to predict rainfall in ungauged location. There are two methods of spatial interpolation, deterministic method such as Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method and geostatistics such as kriging. Daily rainfall in the tropical Indonesian maritime region such as Sulawesi is generally uneven. Although, in a location has heavy rainfall, a zero rainfall can be found in adjacent places. It makes choosing suitable spatial interpolation method for ungauged rainfall prediction is difficult. The aim of this research is evaluate the impacts of the rainy season to the interpolation method. Root mean square (RMSE) and correlation is used as statistical parameter to determine the goodness of interpolation method. The result shows that heavy rain event has big impact to interpolation, both IDW and kriging. Log transformation can little improve in RMSE in rainy season, but not recommended in dry seasons.The most biggest deviation of the interpolation result spreads in south west coast, plain at middle of Sulawesi and north part of the Bone Gulf in January and only south west coast of Sulawesi and north part of the Bone Gulf in dry season July.
Illegal Gold Mining in Kuantan River: Mercury Contamination Analysis
Authors: Hatika Rindi Genesa , Dewata Indang , Iswandi U , Subekti Purwo , Anwar Saiful
Published: April 2020

The illegal gold mine in kuantan singingi district was a very difficult problem. Raids on illegal gold miners have also been made, but have not been able to cause deterrent effects for the perpetrators. This was due to the lack of public knowledge of the effect caused by illegal gold mining, one of the dangers feared is mercury contamination. This study aims to analyze the mercury contents found in the water in the area of gold mining in the kuantan river, Kuantan singingi district, Riau. Determination of mercury content in the sample was conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results of the analysis found that the mercury content in the sample sites 1 and 4 was 0.0407 mg / L and 0.0117 mg / L, which means that exceeds the limit value of the provisions of 0.002 mg / L (PP No. 82 of 2001).
Effect of Aggregate Physical Properties Observed Void in Minerals Aggregate (VMA) Value
Authors: Saleh Alfian , Anggraini Muthia , Rahmat Hendri
Published: April 2020

The main component of the main mixture of hot asphalt is aggregate ie 90% - 95% of the total weight of the mixture. Aggregates on each quarry will result in different porosity values. Pekanbaru City still uses the aggregate of a local quarry that is aggregate of quarry Koto Kampar, Ujung Batu, and Sand Pengaraian, on the implementation of small-scale roadworks project. The aggregate physical properties will affect the results of Marshall testing in asphalt mixtures one of them is VMA (Void in Mineral Aggregate). The purpose of this study to determine the effect of aggregate physical properties on VMA values. The method used is laboratory testing, by testing the aggregate type and marshall testing. The results obtained by an aggregate bulk density of each quarry are Pasir Pangaraian 2.589, Ujung Batu 2.580, and Koto Kampar 2.578. The Marshall test for VMA is Pasir Pangaraian 15.04%, Ujung Batu 15.07%, and Koto Kampar 15.47%. The conclusion is that bulk aggregate bulk value values influence VMA value. The higher the aggregate bulk value then the VMA value will be small.
Analysis Palm Oil Midrib Fiber Brick Against Compressive Strength, Cost of Production and CO2 Emissions
Authors: Zainuri Zainuri , Zargustin Dedi , Yanti Gusneli , Megasari Shanti Wahyuni
Published: April 2020

The palm oil midrib has not been utilized so it has the potential to become waste. If it allowed to accumulate more and more, in the dry state palm oil midrib are very flammable and can cause land fires that often occurs in Riau Province. Waste that often cause problems can still be utilized, for example in making fiber bricks. The purpose of this research was to calculate the compressive strength of fiber brick, cost of production and production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The method used is descriptive method that prioritizes the type of quantitative research and uses an experimental approach with laboratory research and field survey to calculate the cost of production and calculation of CO2 emissions. Result of this research is that the fiber from palm oil heap is better added to the production of brick because it raises the value of compressive strength and presses the cost of production and the low carbon emission. The conclusion obtained is the value of the compressive strength by 111.34 kg/cm2; Cost of Production of a fiber brick is Rp 2,667.00 under the ordinary cost of production brick Rp 3,055.00; the production of CO2 emissions is 0.00178 tons/m3.
Carbon Emission Disclosure: A Study on Manufacturing Companies of Indonesia and Australia
Authors: Darlis Edfan , Kurnia Pipin , Alamsyah Mudrika
Published: April 2020

This study invetigates relationship between media exposure, company's growth, reputation of KAP, institutional ownership, managerial ownership and Carbon Emission Disclousure (CED). The sampling techniques used in this research is purposive sampling. Sample of this reseach is manufacturing companies listed on BEI and TOP 100 manufacturing companies listed on ASX in 2014-2016 year. Data analysis techniques using Eviews program 10. Results of hypothesis testing in this study is (1) media exposure affect to Carbon Emission Disclousure (CED) with probability value is 0.0135 to manufacturing companies registered in BEI and 0.0421 for TOP 100 manufacturing companies listed on ASX2) company's growth does no affect to Carbon Emission Disclousure (CED) with probability value is 0.7869 for manufacturing companies registered in BEI and 0.5745 for TOP 100 manufacturing companies listed on ASX (3) reputation of KAP does no affect to Carbon Emission Disclousure (CED) with probability value is 0.1494 for manufacturing companies registered in BEI(4) institutional ownership does no affect to Carbon Emission Disclousure (CED) with probability value is 0.4001 for manufacturing companies registered in BEI and 0.9885 for TOP 100 manufacturing companies listed on ASX (5) managerial ownership does no effect to Carbon Emission Disclousure (CED) with probability value is 0.2659 for manufacturing companies registered in BEI and 0.4856 for TOP 100 manufacturing companies listed on ASX.
Implementation of ECLAT Algorithm Technology: Determining Books Borrowing Pattern in University library
Authors: Lisnawita  , Devega Mariza
Published: April 2020

Library is one place to get lots of information. Every transaction information recorded in a fairly large database, the large data if it can’t be used it will make the problem for the librarian. This research aims to determine the books that are often borrowed when borrowing, using the rules of the mining association using the ECLAT algorithm. Equivalence Class Transformation Algorithm (ECLAT) performs frequent itemset search from the bottom. This algorithm will only scan the data once, the scanning process will not be repeated to get frequent k-itemset. The database scan process in the ECLAT algorithm is not repeated because on the seacrh itemset not pay attention the sequence from the item. The result of this study indicate the performance of the ECLAT algorithm is good by requiring 15 ms in the execution process. 102 transaction data the same minimum support is 1%, resulting in 21 frequent itemset.
An Overview of Chinese Ethnic in Sungai Penuh: Experiencing Competitive Environment of Culture, Politics and Economic Domination
Authors: Openda Cica , Dewi Susi Fitria , Hasrul
Published: April 2020

The people of Sungai Penuh are made up of five ethnic groups, of which one ethnic Chinese dominates the economic sector, causing social jealousy in the midst of people's lives. The purpose of this study is to reveal the factors that cause the success of Chinese ethnic to dominate the economy in Sungai Penuh. The above research objectives were answered by using descriptive qualitative method where the writer interviewed 34 informants by observing for three months, literature studies related to the key to the success of Tinghoa ethnicity. The results of this study indicate that there are three factors that lead to ethnic Tinghoa success, namely (1) The enthusiasm of entrepreneurs who exemplify excellent service for consumers (2) Economic accessibility gets convenience from the local government (3) Other ethnic attitudes are low-powered. With the disclosure of the above research objectives it can be concluded that the economy is very dependent on the culture that is owned by economic actors and the political interests that exist between the entrepreneur and the local government.
The Comparison of Condition Evaluation of Siak II Steel Frame Bridge between the FCM Method and the Bridge Management System
Authors: Apriani Widya , Megasari Shanti Wahyuni
Published: April 2020

An accurate bridge condition evaluation system is the main factor of a bridge maintenance management. The Government of Indonesia has a bridge evaluation guide based on Australian rules namely the Bridge Management System. In this method, a visual field check is performed to determine the value of the bridge condition and then analyzed by using the bridge management information system program (sim-ibms) through a technical screening process. By using this method, it can be determined several actions are needed to be reported that the bridge is safe or damaged. But this method has been used for 25 years by Indonesia. Nowadays, research and methods are developed to evaluate the condition of bridges, such as the Fracture Critical Member (FCM) method. This method can directly measure displacement through computer programs based on the traffic volume. The evaluation conducted in two ways such are numerical methods with computer programs and visual bridge surveys. Numerical analysis is performed to estimate the critical elements of the bridge which will then evaluated visually. This research aims to compare the condition evaluation of steel frame bridge of Siak II regarding the level of damage and bridge repairing period to obtain appropriate maintenance.
Myths of Nyi Pohaci Sanghyang Sri on Sundanese Ethnic: Efforts to Reconstruct the Values of Environmental Conservation
Authors: Holil Munawar
Published: April 2020

The local Sundanese myth of Nyi Pohaci Sanghyang Sri is very well known in West Java, Indonesia. Originated from oral stories pass from generation to generation, the myth was then written in the manuscripts to preserve its existence. Many farmers in the countryside in West Java believed that Nyi Pohaci exists and protect their growing plants. Therefore, the farmers held a ritual ceremony to honor the figure. This article focuses on studying how the story of Nyi Pohaci is constructed to preserve the environment among Sundanese ethnic. The data are taken from the story of Nyi Pohaci in local Sundanese manuscripts including the literature review on the ceremonies. These documents were found strongly related to the myth of Nyi Pohaci in Sundanese ethnic who live in the countryside. This qualitative study was combining the philological theory proposed by Djamaris (2002) and the social construction theory proposed by Berger and Luckmann (1966) to explore the myths of Nyi Pohaci Sanghyang Sri regarding the environmental conservation in Sundanese ethnic. The results of this research show that the story of Nyi Pohaci has been constructed so well regarding ecological preservation by the Sundanese ethnic in the countryside of West Java, Indonesia.
Exploring Service and Environment: In-patient trust and satisfaction in public hospital
Authors: Hadiyati Hadiyati , Suroto Bambang , Fatkhurahman Fatkhurahman
Published: April 2020

This study focused on in-patient trust in the Regional Public Hospital of M. Sani in Tanjung Balai Karimun Regency in regards to the services given and its position as a comparative and exemplary hospital representing the international-level ones. This hospital is called so because it is located in the entrance area to the neighboring countries. The problem regarding the services in this government-owned Regional Public Hospital has become a part of discussion requiring a solution. The medical officers in the government-owned hospitals have recently been distinguished from the medical officers in the overseas hospitals. The responsiveness and motivation giving in the foreign hospitals have been found better than the government-owned ones. This study aimed at establishing the influence of responsiveness and motivation giving towards patient satisfaction and its impact towards in-patient trust in Tanjung Balai Karimun Regency. This study used the survey method with 100 patients and their families as the samples by employing an accidental sampling technique. The data collection technique used questionnaires and the data analysis technique used SEM analysis instrument via WarpPLS software. The results of the study indicated that the medical officers responsive towards the patients and motivating them will make them satisfied towards the services given. Patient satisfaction significantly influences their trust towards in-patient services in the Regional Public Hospital of M. Sani of Tanjung Balai Karimun Regency.
The Implementation of Green Industry through Innovative Approach at PT. Tirta Investama of Pandaan
Authors: Rosyidi Khafizh , Fatkhurrohman Amang , Ahwan Zainul , Hakim Lukman , Kurniawan Yovi
Published: April 2020

Industrial companies in both Indonesia and the world are now making green environment as a part of their business strategy. Various companies have proven that green environment will be able to increase the competitiveness of its companies. Through government policy, companies in Indonesia have initiated and created certain methods and approaches to realize green industry as a form of concern for the environment, one of which is carried out by PT. Tirta Investama (TIV) of Pandaan. The company engaged in Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) has carried out various innovative approaches in the field of energy efficiency through the Juminten Program, emission reduction through re-setting the pressure of 1,500 Line-2 SBO machines, reducing B3 waste with the WyPall Tissue Utilization approach, and Non B3 by developing the Integrated Waste Management approach based on Purwosari Industrial Estate - Pandaan, water conservation through the Improvement Setting Final Rinse 5 Gallon, the approach of optimizing the wastewater recycling system in the Water Pollution Load Program, biodiversity program through Wareh Sapen, and community development through the Integrated Community Develoment.
Effect of Nd2O3 and Na2O concentration on physical and spectroscopic properties of TeO2–Bi2O3–ZnO–Na2O–Nd2O3 glasses
Authors: Marzuki Ahmad , Pramuda Adi , Fausta Devara Ega
Published: April 2020

Two series of tellurite glasses with molar compositions of (55TeO2–2Bi2O3–(41-x) ZnO–2Na2O–xNd2O3 (x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5) and 55TeO2–2Bi2O3–(41-x) ZnO-xNa2O-2Nd2O3 (x = 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0) were fabricated using melt quenching technique. Based on the measured densities, refractive indices and absorption spectra, physical and spectroscopic properties of these two-glass series are evaluated and compared. Whereas substitution of ZnO by Nd2O3 causes the values of density and refractive index increase, the substitution of ZnO by Na2O has been shown to impact the glass density and refractive index in the opposite manner. Molar volume of both series increases with an increase of either Nd2O3 or Na2O concentrations. In this regard, a dynamical model explaining the density and molar volume was proposed. Additionally, Judd-Ofelt theory was applied in order to predict the physical and laser properties of the two glasses series as a function of glass compositions, i.e., Judd-Ofelt parameters Ω
t
(t = 2, 4, 6), branching ratios (β), calculated lifetimes (τ), the emission to exited state absorption intensity ratio (A

em
/A

ESA
) and spectroscopic quality χ = Ω4/Ω6. Equations to relate χ with branching ratios for laser transitions 4F3/2 to 4IJ’ (with J′ = 9/2, 11/2, 13/2 and 15/2) were also derived.
Review of ZnSnN2 semiconductor material
Authors: Khan Imran S. , Heinselman Karen N. , Zakutayev Andriy
Published: April 2020

Zinc tin nitride (ZnSnN2) is one of the emerging ternary nitride semiconductors considered for photovoltaic device applications due to its attractive and tunable material properties and earth abundance of constituent elements. Computational predictions of the material properties sparked experimental synthesis efforts, and currently there are a number of groups involved in ZnSnN2 research. In this article, we review the progress of research and development efforts in ZnSnN2 across the globe, and provide several highlights of accomplishments at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The interplay between computational predictions and experimental observations is discussed and exemplified by focusing on unintentional oxygen incorporation and the resulting changes in optical and electronic properties. The research progress over the past decade is summarized, and important future development directions are highlighted.
Electronic Cigarettes and Fecundability: Results From a Prospective Preconception Cohort Study
Authors: Harlow Alyssa F , Hatch Elizabeth E , Wesselink Amelia K , Rothman Kenneth J , Wise Lauren A
Published: April 2020

Although electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) aerosol contains similar toxicants to combustible cigarettes, few studies have examined their influence on fecundability. We assessed the association between e-cigarette use and fecundability, overall and according to combustible cigarette smoking history, in a cohort of 4,586 North American women (aged 21–45 years) enrolled during 2017–2020 in Pregnancy Study Online, a Web-based prospective preconception study. Women reported current and former e-cigarette use on baseline and follow-up questionnaires, and they completed bimonthly follow-up questionnaires until self-reported pregnancy or censoring. Fecundability ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using proportional probabilities models, controlling for potential confounders. Overall, 17% of women had ever used e-cigarettes and 4% were current users. Compared with never use of e-cigarettes, current e-cigarette use was associated with slightly lower fecundability (fecundability ratio = 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67, 1.06). Compared with current nonusers of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes, fecundability ratios were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.54, 1.29) for current dual users of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes, 0.91 (95% CI: 0.70, 1.18) for current e-cigarette users who were nonsmokers of combustible cigarettes, and 1.01 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.20) for nonusers of e-cigarettes who were current smokers of combustible cigarettes. Current e-cigarette use was associated with slightly reduced fecundability, but estimates of its independent and joint associations with combustible cigarette smoking were inconsistent and imprecise.
Collection and Separation of Fleroxacin and Ciprofloxacin in Ultrasound-Assisted Ionic Liquid Salting-Out Microextraction System
Authors: Li Kai , Liu Zhongling , Liu Yue , Zhang Hanqi , Yu Wei
Published: April 2020

An ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid (IL) salting-out microextraction system was developed and applied for the extraction of quinolone antibiotics from urine. A precipitate was formed from the salt and IL, and it acted as the sorbent for the analytes. The precipitate containing the analyte was separated by filtration, redissolved, and the solution then was evaporated. The resulting extract was redissolved for high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis. Several parameters, including type and volume of IL, the type and amount of salts, sample pH, temperature and extraction time were optimized. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection for fleroxacin and ciprofloxacin were 3.12 and 4.97 μg L−1, respectively. When the present method was applied to real urine sample analysis, the analyte recoveries ranged from 82.3 to 106.8%. This ultrasound-assisted IL salting-out microextraction system had the characteristics of high recoveries, shorter separation time and easy-to-perform collection procedure, which yielded the method to have potential for wide application.
Relapse From Deep Remission After Therapeutic De-escalation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Bing , Gulati Alakh , Alipour Omeed , Shao Ling
Published: April 2020

Background and Aims

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the relapse rate after therapeutic de-escalation in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients who achieved deep remission [DR].

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and major gastroenterology conferences up to July 2019 for studies reporting relapse in adult patients with DR who subsequently underwent therapeutic de-escalation. Eligible studies defined DR as at least a combination of clinical remission and mucosal healing/endoscopic remission. The primary outcome was cumulative 1-year and 2-year relapse rates after therapeutic de-escalation. Secondary outcomes were relapse rates in ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn’s disease [CD], relapse after anti-tumour necrosis factor-α [anti-TNFα] de-escalation, and the rate of disease response recapture following re-escalation.

Results

Thirteen studies encompassing 837 patients were identified. The cumulative relapse rate after therapeutic de-escalation was 28.7% within 1 year [12 studies], and 38.4% within 2 years [eight studies]. Relapse rates within 1 year and 2 years were comparable between UC [five studies; 25.4% and 37.4%] and CD [seven studies; 34.1% and 39.9%]. Ten studies reported de-escalation of anti-TNFα, of which 29.8% patients relapsed within 1 year and 41.4% within 2 years. Response recapture following re-escalation [eight studies] was 75.4%.

Conclusions

Despite achieving deep remission, therapeutic de-escalation in this patient population is associated with significant relapse risk within 1 year and 2 years. This risk is more pronounced in patients requiring anti-TNFα for management, likely because of more severe disease. Similar rates of relapse were reported among UC and CD within these time periods. These findings suggest that combined clinical and endoscopic remission should not be an impetus to consider therapeutic de-escalation.
‘Magis corde quam organo’: Agazzari, Amadino, and the hidden meanings of Eumelio
Authors: Lyon Elizabeth L
Published: April 2020

Some time after Christmas 1605, Agostino Agazzari (1578–1640) was asked to provide music for a pastoral drama, Eumelio; it was performed a month later during Carnival at the Jesuit-run Seminario Romano. In the preface to the subsequently published score (Venice: Amadino, 1606), Agazzari tells his readers that he agreed to the commission ‘because of the beautiful and useful allegory that I saw in [the libretto]’. What this beautiful and useful allegory was, however, has not been apparent to modern scholars. Margaret Johnson goes so far as to write that ‘It is perhaps unfortunate that Agazzari even mentioned the presence of a moral; it might otherwise have been overlooked, since its presence is obtrusive only in the composer’s preface’. This article offers an interpretation of the allegory of Eumelio by reading the opera as a commentary on the musical and spiritual teachings of Council of Trent, to which the printer’s mark of Agazzari’s publisher, Ricciardo Amadino, paratextually alludes. Although Amadino was the printer of some of the most famous prints of the Seicento (including Monteverdi’s Orfeo and Fifth Book of Madrigals), his printer’s mark and motto, ‘more with the heart than with the organ’, has not been commented upon in modern scholarship. The motto’s possible sources and its contemporary resonances and meanings point to an understanding of Eumelio as an allegory of Christian soteriology and the Christian musician. The opera externalizes and dramatizes the kinds of inner examination that many believed were incumbent on musicians in a post-Trent musico-religious culture. As a performed and printed work, then, Eumelio gave musicians pause to reflect on their inner lives, the purpose of their musical activities, and the kinds of motivations they acted upon in performance.