bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychophysiological Factors Moderate Amygdala–Prefrontal Connectivity Linked to Perceived Peer Victimization and Depressive Symptoms in Preadolescent Migrant Children
Authors: Gong Xinyu , Tian Ting , Xu Jiahua , Qin Shaozheng , Lin Danhua
Published: October 2024

Background: As a sense of an intense stressor, perceived peer victimization can cause adverse effects on mental health, like depressive symptoms. Yet, little is known about the neurobiological mechanisms underlying how perceived peer victimization causes and maintains depressive symptoms in preadolescence.

Methods: Here we investigate the effects of peer victimization on amygdala subregional functional connectivity in 101 preadolescent migrant children, and their relations to depressive symptoms and potential protective factors of self‐esteem and daily cortisol. Further control analyses were conducted to verify whether there are any specific effects in migrant children compared to 54 age‐matched preadolescent children from nonmigrant background.

Results: Children with higher perceived peer victimization exhibited greater intrinsic functional connectivity of the amygdala with the middle frontal gyrus extending into the superior frontal gyrus. Perceived peer victimization could account for an indirect association between amygdala hyperconnectivity and depressive symptoms. Moderated mediation analyses revealed that basolateral amygdala connectivity with the superior frontal gyrus acted as a neural marker linking peer victimization and greater risk for depressive symptoms only in preadolescent children with low self‐esteem or low daily cortisol.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that considering neurobiological vulnerability and psychophysiological factors may gain a nuanced understanding of the adverse effects of perceived peer victimization on depressive symptoms, a risk for internalizing pathology. This study could inform personalized intervention strategies to prevent or ameliorate depressive symptoms in this disadvantaged population.
A Review on the Edible Bird’s Nest Quality and Manufacturing Standards of the Three Largest Exporting Countries in the World
Authors: Zulkefle Nurin Naziha , Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed , Azuan Nor Fateha , Ch’ng Soo Ee , Ismail Norsharina , Abu Bakar Md Zuki , Chan Kim Wei
Published: October 2024

Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is an animal product with the world’s highest market price due to its value. The nests are made exclusively from the saliva secreted by swiftlet, a species of bird native to Southeast Asia. For over a century, EBN has been consumed in many parts of the world as a nutritious food. The high economic value of EBN attracts people to invest and engage in the bird nest industry. Currently, China is the largest importer of EBN, while Southeast Asian countries, namely, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, are the three largest exporters of EBN. An analysis of EBN’s compositions from most previous studies revealed that protein, carbohydrate, moisture, fat, and ash in EBN from the three central producing countries did not have apparent differences in their origins and were comparable to each other. Before 2011, EBN trade with China was unregulated. Consequently, the industry encountered problems due to the high nitrite content in EBN. Since then, these three countries have taken great measures to deal with this food safety issue and formulated a standard operating procedure (SOP) to meet the specific criteria listed for exporting EBN to China. Hence, this review discusses the quality and safety standards of EBN from the three countries and China’s standards for EBN importation.
Epstein–Barr Virus‐Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders/Lymphoma with Skin Manifestations as the Primary Symptom: A Systematic Review
Authors: Li Fen , Feng Haonan , Zeng Yan
Published: October 2024

Background. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) associated skin lesions have been mentioned in case report studies under multiple kinds of lymphoproliferative disorders/lymphoma diagnoses. However, due to the rarity and scattered reporting of cases, it is still unclear whether the related skin symptoms and their pathological findings can guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of EBV‐associated lymphoproliferative disease/lymphoma. Methods. In this review, we summarized the skin symptoms and clinicopathological features mentioned by previously reported cases of EBV‐associated lymphoproliferative disorders/lymphoma to assist future clinical diagnosis. The inclusion criteria were based on the population, intervention, comparator, outcomes, and study designs. An electronic search was conducted by September 2023, and the following databases were used: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Search keywords included “Epstein-Barr Virus Infections,” “Herpesvirus 4, Human,” “Lymphoma,” “Lymphoproliferative Disorders,” and “skin.” Results. The primary outcome was the clinical skin features and pathological findings of EBV‐associated lymphoproliferative disease/lymphoma patients. Although it seems unrealistic to differentiate between patients with EBV‐related lymphoproliferative disorders/lymphomas with different diagnoses on the basis of cutaneous symptoms and pathological findings alone, based on the evidence summarized in previous case reports, the clinical importance of EBV detection and identification in the differential diagnosis of lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders should be recognized. Conclusion. Given the homogeneity of risk factors associated with disease progression found in EBV‐associated lymphoproliferative disease/lymphoma patients during the review, future studies can focus on summarizing skin symptoms and pathological outcomes based on possible risk factors for further deterioration in these patients.
The Single‐Stage Split‐Thickness Skin Grafting for the Treatment of Hurley Stage III Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Retrospective Analysis of 23 Patients
Authors: Guo Yilong , Zhang Chong , Ma Ning , Chen Sen , Liu Pingping , Yang Zhe , Gao Qianqian , Luo Sisi , Li Yangqun , Wang Baoxi
Published: October 2024

Advanced hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is often irresponsive to conservative treatment and requires extensive surgery to improve the clinical symptoms and prevent recurrence. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of single‐stage split‐thickness skin grafting in patients with Hurley Stage III HS. A retrospective review of all cases of Hurley Stage III HS received skin grafting was done. Data on patient demographics, lesion characters, surgical details, and follow‐up information were collected. Fifty‐two cases of Hurley Stage III HS located in the axillary, groin, perineum, buttock, and penis were treated with split‐thickness skin grafting. There were 20 male and 3 female patients included with a mean age of 38.7 years (range: 24–77). The overall success rate was 96.2% at a mean follow‐up time of 29.3 months (range: 2–86). Early complications and late complications were observed in 30.7% (n = 16) and 59.6% (n = 31) of the cases, respectively. Wound scarring was the most common complication reported in 32.7% (n = 17) of the cases. Only one case (1.9%) of recurrence was reported in the perianal region at the postoperative 4.4 months. The satisfaction survey showed that 78.3% (18 of 23) patients were satisfied or very satisfied with the surgical result. Despite the advances in HS surgery, the recurrence rates continue to be high. Single‐stage split‐thickness skin grafting is a feasible approach for treating Hurley Stage III HS with a high success rate, low HS recurrence rates, and high patient satisfaction during long‐term follow‐up.
A Study of Catalytic Copyrolysis of Sewage Sludge and Waste Plastics Using Taguchi Method
Authors: Chen Guan-Bang , Chang Chung-Yu , Chen Chun-Teng , Huang Kuan-Chieh
Published: October 2024

The catalytic copyrolysis of sewage sludge (SS) and waste polypropylene (PP) was investigated with a hydrogen‐exchanged zeolite catalyst Socony Mobil‐5 (HZSM‐5) catalyst. Both of these feedstocks were waste materials that urgently required more effective treatment. This study used the Taguchi method to identify the optimal operating conditions for different target products based on the main experimental parameters. The results showed that the catalyst loading had the greatest influence on the C5–19/C19+ of the pyrolysis oil. The proportion of higher carbon number compounds (C13–19) was relatively high in the pyrolysis oil, and an increase in the SS content was beneficial for enhancing oil with a lower carbon number range. In addition, the blending ratio had the greatest influence on the maximum oil yield, which was obtained at a blending ratio of 50% PP. The blending ratio had the greatest effect on C5–19 and C13–19, with C13–19 being the most significantly affected. The exergy efficiencies for the maximum C5–19 and C13–19 pyrolysis oils were 28.12% and 39.55%, respectively. The HZSM‐5 catalyst promoted the oil with a higher heating value (HHV) of 43.83 MJ/kg. The GC–MS results revealed that the main components were predominantly long‐chain oxygen‐containing alcohols and cyclic compounds.
Pricing Vulnerable Options Using Conditional Expectation Transform Methods
Authors: Wang Han
Published: October 2024

In this study, a conditional expectation transform (CET) method was developed for solving high‐dimensional systems arising in vulnerable options pricing. The CET was formulated to recast the pricing of vulnerable options into that of exchange‐traded options under special terminal condition. Then, traditional option pricing methods are deployed to price the exchange‐traded options, and an analytical formula for vulnerable options is obtained. The vulnerable European option, vulnerable Barrier option, and vulnerable floating Lookback option were analyzed as examples to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the CET method. Numerical examples were provided to confirm the theoretical results.
Clinical Approach in Prosthetic Treatment With 3D‐Printed Implant‐Retained Removable Denture: DENTCA System
Authors: Naydenov Aleksandar , Apostolov Nikolay , Radev Rumen
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to present a method that optimizes clinical and laboratory workflow in the fabrication of implant‐supported removable dentures by combining conventional and digital protocols. A 73‐year‐old patient came to our clinic for treatment of a completely edentulous lower jaw. Two Neodent Helix GM implants were placed in the canine regions and a removable denture with Locator GM Novaloc retention elements was fabricated. The DENTCA system was used for impressions, border molding, and to determine both occlusovertical dimension (OVD) and reproducible, physiological position of lower jaw (RPPLJ) in a single clinical visit. In result, we have fabricated a removable denture with implant retention in just two appointments. We can conclude that DENTCA system is a reliable method that allows fabrication of implant‐retained removable denture in two clinical visits. The registration of the prosthetic field boundaries, OVD and RPPLJ, combined with CAD technologies, represents a contemporary and accurate method. It takes less time, and expenses are reduced both for the dentist and the patient.
C-Reactive Protein Induces Immunosuppression by Activating FcγR2B in Pulmonary Macrophages to Promote Lung Metastasis
Authors: Feng Jun-Rui , Li Xue , Han Cong , Chang Yue , Fu Yu , Feng Gong-Chang , Lei Yutiantian , Li Hai-Yun , Tang Patrick Ming-Kuen , Ji Shang-Rong , Hou Yuzhu , Wu Yi
Published: October 2024

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a liver-derived acute phase reactant that is a clinical marker of inflammation associated with poor cancer prognosis. Elevated CRP levels are observed in many types of cancer and are associated with significantly increased risk of metastasis, suggesting that CRP could have prometastatic actions. In this study, we reported that CRP promotes lung metastasis by dampening the anticancer capacity of pulmonary macrophages in breast cancer and melanoma. Deletion of CRP in mice inhibited lung metastasis of breast cancer and melanoma cells without significantly impacting tumor growth compared with wild-type mice. In addition, the lungs of CRP-deficient mice were enriched for activated pulmonary macrophages, which could be reduced to the level of wild-type mice by systemic administration of human CRP. Mechanistically, CRP blocked the activation of pulmonary macrophages induced by commensal bacteria in a FcγR2B-dependent manner, thereby impairing macrophage-mediated immune surveillance to promote the formation of a premetastatic niche in the lungs of tumor-bearing mice. Accordingly, treatment with specific CRP inhibitors activated pulmonary macrophages and attenuated lung metastasis in vivo. These findings highlight the importance of CRP in lung metastasis, which may represent an effective therapeutic target for patients with advanced solid cancers in clinics.

Significance: CRP maintains host–commensal tolerance by inhibiting pulmonary macrophage activation and can be targeted to remodel the premetastatic niche in the lung to lower the risk of cancer metastasis.

See related commentary by Saal et al., p. 4121
Supplementary Data from A Phase I Dose-Escalation and Expansion Study of Telaglenastat in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors
Authors: Harding James J. , Telli Melinda , Munster Pamela , Voss Martin H. , Infante Jeffrey R. , DeMichele Angela , Dunphy Mark , Le Mai H. , Molineaux Chris , Orford Keith , Parlati Frank , Whiting Sam H. , Bennett Mark K. , Tannir Nizar M. , Meric-Bernstam Funda
Published: October 2024

Figures S1-S3 and Supplementary Methods
Supplementary Tables from Relevance of Platinum-free Interval and BRCA Reversion Mutations for Veliparib Monotherapy after Progression on Carboplatin/Paclitaxel for gBRCA Advanced Breast Cancer (BROCADE3 Crossover)
Authors: Puhalla Shannon L. , Diéras Véronique , Arun Banu K. , Kaufman Bella , Wildiers Hans , Han Hyo S. , Ayoub Jean-Pierre , Stearns Vered , Yuan Yuan , Helsten Teresa , Riley-Gillis Bridget , Murphy Erin , Kundu Madan G. , Wu Meijing , Maag David , Ratajczak Christine K. , Ramathal Cyril Y. , Friedlander Michael
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Tables S1-S5
Supplementary Figure Legends from Relevance of Platinum-free Interval and BRCA Reversion Mutations for Veliparib Monotherapy after Progression on Carboplatin/Paclitaxel for gBRCA Advanced Breast Cancer (BROCADE3 Crossover)
Authors: Puhalla Shannon L. , Diéras Véronique , Arun Banu K. , Kaufman Bella , Wildiers Hans , Han Hyo S. , Ayoub Jean-Pierre , Stearns Vered , Yuan Yuan , Helsten Teresa , Riley-Gillis Bridget , Murphy Erin , Kundu Madan G. , Wu Meijing , Maag David , Ratajczak Christine K. , Ramathal Cyril Y. , Friedlander Michael
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Figure Legends for Fig. S1-S4
Table S1 from Immune Profiling Mass Cytometry Assay Harmonization: Multicenter Experience from CIMAC-CIDC
Authors: Sahaf Bita , Pichavant Mina , Lee Brian H. , Duault Caroline , Thrash Emily M. , Davila Melanie , Fernandez Nicolas , Millerchip Karen , Bentebibel Salah-Eddine , Haymaker Cara , Sigal Natalia , Del Valle Diane M. , Ranasinghe Srinika , Fayle Sarah , Sanchez-Espiridion Beatriz , Zhang Jiexin , Bernatchez Chantale , Wu Catherine J. , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Kim-Schulze Seunghee , Gnjatic Sacha , Bendall Sean C. , Song Minkyung , Thurin Magdalena , Lee J. Jack , Maecker Holden T. , Rahman Adeeb
Published: October 2024

Table S1
Figure S1 from Multiplex Tissue Imaging Harmonization: A Multicenter Experience from CIMAC-CIDC Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers Network
Authors: Akturk Guray , Parra Edwin R. , Gjini Evisa , Lako Ana , Lee J. Jack , Neuberg Donna , Zhang Jiexin , Yao Shen , Laface Ilaria , Rogic Anita , Chen Pei-Hsuan , Sanchez-Espiridion Beatriz , Valle Diane M. Del , Moravec Radim , Kinders Robert , Hudgens Courtney , Wu Catherine , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Thurin Magdalena , Hewitt Stephen M. , Rodig Scott , Gnjatic Sacha , Tetzlaff Michael T.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Figure 1
Data from Memory-like Differentiation Enhances NK Cell Responses to Melanoma
Authors: Marin Nancy D. , Krasnick Bradley A. , Becker-Hapak Michelle , Conant Leah , Goedegebuure Simon P. , Berrien-Elliott Melissa M. , Robbins Keenan J. , Foltz Jennifer A. , Foster Mark , Wong Pamela , Cubitt Celia C. , Tran Jennifer , Wetzel Christopher B. , Jacobs Miriam , Zhou Alice Y. , Russler-Germain David , Marsala Lynne , Schappe Timothy , Fields Ryan C. , Fehniger Todd A.
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurpose:
Treatment of advanced melanoma is a clinical challenge. Natural killer (NK) cells are a promising cellular therapy for T cell–refractory cancers, but are frequently deficient or dysfunctional in patients with melanoma. Thus, new strategies are needed to enhance NK-cell antitumor responses. Cytokine-induced memory-like (ML) differentiation overcomes many barriers in the NK-cell therapeutics field, resulting in potent cytotoxicity and enhanced cytokine production against blood cancer targets. However, the preclinical activity of ML NK against solid tumors remains largely undefined.
Experimental Design:
Phenotypic and functional alterations of blood and advanced melanoma infiltrating NK cells were evaluated using mass cytometry. ML NK cells from healthy donors (HD) and patients with advanced melanoma were evaluated for their ability to produce IFNγ and kill melanoma targets in vitro and in vivo using a xenograft model.
Results:
NK cells in advanced melanoma exhibited a decreased cytotoxic potential compared with blood NK cells. ML NK cells differentiated from HD and patients with advanced melanoma displayed enhanced IFNγ production and cytotoxicity against melanoma targets. This included ML differentiation enhancing melanoma patients' NK-cell responses against autologous targets. The ML NK-cell response against melanoma was partially dependent on the NKG2D- and NKp46-activating receptors. Furthermore, in xenograft NSG mouse models, human ML NK cells demonstrated superior control of melanoma, compared with conventional NK cells.
Conclusions:
Blood NK cells from allogeneic HD or patients with advanced melanoma can be differentiated into ML NK cells for use as a novel immunotherapeutic treatment for advanced melanoma, which warrants testing in early-phase clinical trials.
Data from A Phase I Dose-Escalation and Expansion Study of Telaglenastat in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors
Authors: Harding James J. , Telli Melinda , Munster Pamela , Voss Martin H. , Infante Jeffrey R. , DeMichele Angela , Dunphy Mark , Le Mai H. , Molineaux Chris , Orford Keith , Parlati Frank , Whiting Sam H. , Bennett Mark K. , Tannir Nizar M. , Meric-Bernstam Funda
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurpose:
Glutamine is a critical fuel for solid tumors. Interference with glutamine metabolism is deleterious to neoplasia in preclinical models. A phase I study of the oral, first-in-class, glutaminase (GLS) inhibitor telaglenastat was conducted in treatment-refractory solid tumor patients to define recommended phase II dose (RP2D) and evaluate safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and antitumor activity.
Patients and Methods:
Dose escalation by 3 + 3 design was followed by exploratory tumor-/biomarker-specific cohorts.
Results:
Among 120 patients, fatigue (23%) and nausea (19%) were the most common toxicity. Maximum tolerated dose was not reached. Correlative analysis indicated >90% GLS inhibition in platelets at plasma exposures >300 nmol/L, >75% tumoral GLS inhibition, and significant increase in circulating glutamine. RP2D was defined at 800 mg twice-daily. Disease control rate (DCR) was 43% across expansion cohorts (overall response rate 5%, DCR 50% in renal cell carcinoma).
Conclusions:
Telaglenastat is safe, with a favorable PK/PD profile and signal of antitumor activity, supporting further clinical development.
Efficacy and Safety of the Anti-IL1RAP Antibody Nadunolimab (CAN04) in Combination with Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Patients with Advanced/Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Van Cutsem Eric , Collignon Joelle , Eefsen Rikke L. , Ochsenreither Sebastian , Zvirbule Zanete , Ivanauskas Audrius , Arnold Dirk , Baltruskeviciene Edita , Pfeiffer Per , Yachnin Jeffrey , Magnusson Susanne , Rydberg Millrud Camilla , Sanfridson Annika , Losic Nedjad , Garcia-Ribas Ignacio , Tersago Dominique , Awada Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

IL1 pathway upregulation is implicated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression, therapy resistance, and survival. Nadunolimab is an IL1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP)–targeting antibody with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity that blocks IL1α/IL1β signaling. We investigated efficacy and safety of nadunolimab in PDAC, in combination with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (GN).

Patients and Methods:

Patients with previously untreated locally advanced/metastatic PDAC received nadunolimab (1.0–7.5 mg/kg) every 2 weeks with standard GN. The primary objective was safety; secondary objectives were antitumor response, progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS). Correlations between serum and tumor biomarkers and clinical response were explored.

Results:

Seventy-six patients were enrolled; the median age was 63 years (range, 43–89), 42% were female, 97% had metastatic disease, and 9% had received adjuvant chemotherapy. The most frequent grade ≥3 adverse event was neutropenia (66%), typically during cycle 1. Infusion-related reactions occurred in 29% (grade 3, 3%). Only 1 of the 76 patients had grade 3 or above peripheral neuropathy. No marked dose-dependent differences in safety or efficacy were observed among the four dose groups. The median OS was 13.2 months (95% confidence interval, 11.0–15.6), and the 1-year survival rate was 58%. The median immune PFS (immune Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours) was 7.1 months (95% confidence interval, 5.2–7.4). Treatment efficacy was higher in patients with high versus low tumor baseline IL1RAP expression (OS 14.2 vs. 10.6 months; P = 0.012). A reduction in serum IL8 on treatment correlated with prolonged OS.

Conclusions:

Nadunolimab combined with GN shows promising efficacy and manageable safety in locally advanced/metastatic PDAC. Higher tumor baseline IL1RAP expression correlated with better outcome.
Table 4 from GALAD Score for the Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Validation Study in Ghanaian Patients
Authors: Nartey Yvonne Ayerki , Yang Ju Dong , Zemla Tyler J. , Ayawin Joshua , Asibey Shadrack Osei , El-Kassas Mohamed , Bampoh Sally Afua , Duah Amoako , Agyei-Nkansah Adwoa , Awuku Yaw Asante , Afihene Mary Yeboah , Yamada Hiroyuki , Yin Jun , Plymoth Amelie , Roberts Lewis R.
Published: October 2024

Refit of the logistic regression model using the backward selection process
Table 3 from GALAD Score for the Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Validation Study in Ghanaian Patients
Authors: Nartey Yvonne Ayerki , Yang Ju Dong , Zemla Tyler J. , Ayawin Joshua , Asibey Shadrack Osei , El-Kassas Mohamed , Bampoh Sally Afua , Duah Amoako , Agyei-Nkansah Adwoa , Awuku Yaw Asante , Afihene Mary Yeboah , Yamada Hiroyuki , Yin Jun , Plymoth Amelie , Roberts Lewis R.
Published: October 2024

Refit of the logistic regression model
Region-Based Analyses of Existing Genome-Wide Association Studies Identifies Novel Potential Genetic Susceptibility Regions for Glioma
Authors: Alpen Karen , Maclnnis Robert J. , Vajdic Claire M. , Lai John , Dowty James G. , Koh Eng-Siew , Hovey Elizabeth , Harrup Rosemary , Nguyen Tuong L. , Li Shuai , Joseph David , Benke Geza , Dugué Pierre-Antoine , Southey Melissa C. , Giles Graham G. , Nowak Anna K. , Drummond Katharine J. , Schmidt Daniel F. , Hopper John L. , Kapuscinski Miroslaw K. , Makalic Enes
Published: October 2024

Glioma is a rare and debilitating brain cancer with one of the lowest cancer survival rates. Genome-wide association studies have identified 34 genetic susceptibility regions. We sought to discover novel susceptibility regions using approaches that test groups of contiguous genetic markers simultaneously. We analyzed data from three independent glioma studies of European ancestry, GliomaScan (1,316 cases/1,293 controls), Australian Genomics and Clinical Outcomes of Glioma Consortium (560 cases/2,237 controls), and Glioma International Case-Control Study (4,000 cases/2,411 controls), using the machine learning algorithm DEPendency of association on the number of Top Hits and a region-based regression method based on the generalized Berk–Jones (GBJ) statistic, to assess the association of glioma with genomic regions by glioma type and sex. Summary statistics from the UCSF/Mayo Clinic study were used for independent validation. We conducted a meta-analysis using GliomaScan, Australian Genomics and Clinical Outcomes of Glioma Consortium, Glioma International Case-Control Study, and UCSF/Mayo. We identified 11 novel candidate genomic regions for glioma risk common to multiple studies. Two of the 11 regions, 16p13.3 containing RBFOX1 and 1p36.21 containing PRDM2, were significantly associated with female and male glioma risk respectively, based on the results of the meta-analysis. Both regions have been previously linked to glioma tumor progression. Three of the 11 regions contain neurotransmitter receptor genes (7q31.33 GRM8, 5q35.2 DRD1, and 15q13.3 CHRNA7). Our region-based approach identified 11 genomic regions that suggest an association with glioma risk of which two regions, 16p13.3 and 1p36.21, warrant further investigation as genetic susceptibility regions for female and male risk, respectively. Our analyses suggest that genetic susceptibility to glioma may differ by sex and highlight the possibility that synapse-related genes play a role in glioma susceptibility.

Significance:

Further investigation of the potential susceptibility regions identified in our study may lead to a better understanding of glioma genetic risk and the underlying biological etiology of glioma. Our study suggests sex may play a role in genetic susceptibility and highlights the importance of sex-specific analysis in future glioma research.
Gut Hormones: Possible Mediators of Addictive Disorders?
Authors: Nestor Liam J. , Ersche Karen D.
Published: October 2024

Background: Alcohol and drug dependence are major health and economic burdens to society. One of the major challenges to reducing this burden will be to develop more effective and better tolerated medications that target alternative mechanisms in the brain. While the dopamine system has been well characterized for mediating the reward value of drugs, there is evidence that the endocrine system also conveys signals to the same neural systems using gut hormones. Summary: These gut hormones, produced in the stomach and intestine and that regulate food intake, have also been shown to control the use of other substances, such as alcohol and drugs of abuse. Examples of such hormones are ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1, which exert their effects on dopamine transmission in parts of the brain known to be involved in some of the core features of addiction, such as reward sensitivity. Key Messages: This raises the possibility that gut hormone systems may play a pivotal role in addictive disorders. This review will briefly outline emerging evidence that the ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1 hormones are contrasting mediators of alcohol and drug use and may present a promising alternative target for treatment intervention in addictive disorders.
Wilson’s Disease and Nevus of Ota in a Child: A Case Report
Authors: Nemet Achia , Hacker Itai , Topf-Olivestone Chani , Svirsky Ran , Pikkel Joseph , Kinori Michael
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Wilson’s disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that disrupts copper metabolism. It presents with distinctive ocular manifestations. Oculodermal melanosis, commonly referred to as nevus of Ota, is a painless condition characterized by hyperpigmentation in and around the eye. In this case report, we describe the unique occurrence of both conditions in this pediatric patient. Case Presentation: A 10-year-old girl exhibited classic ocular signs associated with Wilson’s disease, including Kayser-Fleischer rings and sunflower-type cataracts. Additionally, she displayed unilateral confluent gray-blue hyperpigmentation consistent with a nevus of Ota. As of now, the patient remains asymptomatic, with preserved visual acuity. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this case represents the first report of nevus of Ota in a child diagnosed with Wilson’s disease.
A Critical Review of Phenomenological Research Related to Schizophrenia in China
Authors: Tang Ya-Jing , Wang Wen-Hao , Yan Yu-Hui , Xu Xian-Jun , Shi Chuan
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Phenomenological qualitative research delves into the essence and meaning of phenomena through subjects’ lived experiences. Despite its widespread use in humanities disciplines, its integration with psychopathology is rare in China. Methods: We systematically reviewed phenomenological studies on schizophrenia in China to assess their content and quality and offer insights for future research. Following PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed 28 articles. Quality assessment focused on adherence to theoretical principles, transparency, coherence, and evidence. Results: Topics covered various illness-related experiences, including treatment seeking, medication, hospitalization, rehabilitation, relapse, sexuality, and reproduction. Some studies also explored caregiver experiences. However, only 5 articles were rated excellent, with most lacking theoretical depth. Conclusion: Phenomenological research related to schizophrenia in China is mostly peripheral to the psychopathology of schizophrenia, and the qualification rate is low. Researchers should keep in mind the nature of phenomenological attitudes, delving into the essence and meaning of phenomena.
Analysis of the Correlation between Hypercholesterolemia and Increased Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality among Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Nagel Noam , Rahamimov Ruth , Bielopolski Dana , Steinmetz Tali , Skalsky Keren , Zingerman Boris , Nesher Eviatar , Korzets Asher , Rozen-Zvi Benaya , Agur Timna
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The correlation between hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular disease in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) remains uncertain. We sought to characterize the association between abnormal cholesterol profiles and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in this unique population. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single center and included all adult KTR, transplanted between January 2005 and April 2014. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) while the secondary outcome was the composite outcome of MACE and all-cause mortality. Exposure to abnormal cholesterol levels was calculated using a time-weighted average calculation. MACE and mortality risk were analyzed using a multivariate time-varying Cox model. Results: The final cohort comprised 737 KTR, with a median follow-up of 2,920 days. A total of 126 patients (17.1%) experienced MACE. High LDL-C levels and MACE risk were correlated by multivariate analysis (HR 1.008 per mg/dL, 95% CI: 1.001–1.016), while low HDL-C levels were not significantly associated with MACE (HR 0.992 per mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.976–1.009). A higher LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was significantly associated with an increased risk of MACE in multivariate analyses (HR 1.502 per unit, 95% CI: 1.147–1.968), and also correlated with the composite outcome (HR 1.35 per unit, 95% CI: 1.06–1.71). Conclusions: A high LDL-C/HDL-C ratio is predictive of an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in KTRs. These findings emphasize the significance of the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio as a valuable marker of cardiovascular risk and support current recommendations to improve hypercholesterolemia in this high-risk group.
Socrates’ Ethical Argument for His Eschatology in the Gorgias
Authors: O’Keefe Tim
Published: October 2024

Socrates has an implicit argument for his afterlife story that concludes the Gorgias, with two key premises. One is at 527a–c, where he summarizes the ethical position he has been arguing for through most of the dialogue, regarding the intrinsic goodness of justice, the intrinsic badness of injustice, and the desirability of rehabilitative punishments. The second occurs at 507e–508a, where Socrates asserts that the universe is held together by justice. This argument explains why Socrates regards his story as a logos, not merely a muthos. It also helps us understand the nature of the rewards and punishments in his story.
Mitochondrial data unravels the human-mediated introduction of Mediodactylus kotschyi (Squamata: Gekkonidae) to the Central Balkan Peninsula
Authors: Delcour Nathan , Urošević Aleksandar , Anđelković Marko , Maričić Marko , Šević Mirko , Vučić Tijana , Tomović Ljiljana , Rato Catarina
Published: October 2024

Kotschy’s gecko, Mediodactylus kotschyi, is native to the Eastern part of the Mediterranean Basin and a successful colonizer, with an extensive distribution across the Balkans and outside its native range. In Serbia, it was presumed native in Prizren (Kosovo and Metohija province) and introduced across the remaining territory. To explore the origin of Serbian Kotschy’s gecko, we collected specimens from most of the Serbian populations where the species was recorded and assessed their phylogenetic relationships based on three mtDNA markers (COI, cytb, 16S rRNA) under Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) approaches. First, our results support that the specimens found in Serbia belong to M. kotschyi. Second, all populations except Prizren belong to the subspecies M. kotschyi skopjensis. Furthermore, the Italian populations are sister to the specimens from Prizren, suggesting a Balkan origin for these populations, which settled in Apulia likely through ancient human-mediated dispersion. The small genetic differentiation found suggests that Kotschy’s gecko rapidly colonized the Central Balkans, originating from Northern Greece and North Macedonia. The results also suggest a story of multiple, complex (most likely) human-mediated introductions. However, further studies should be conducted to properly elucidate the colonization pathways, and to truly disentangle the potential fast natural range expansion from an anthropogenic dispersion of this gecko species.
Digital Pentecostal Sacramentality
Authors: Cartledge Mark J.
Published: October 2024

This article explores the online healing praxis of Benny Hinn through the lens of Pentecostal sacramentality. It outlines the way Hinn uses Zoom software in his tv studio to extend his healing ministry to people who have joined the meeting in real time from around the globe. The contribution of Nathaniel J. Homewood is used to analyse Hinn’s healing praxis online (designated as ‘Zoompartation’), which illustrates the haptic culture of Pentecostalism. It is then reframed using Wolfgang Vondey’s discussion of the Pentecostal ‘altar’ and the concept of sacramentality. The argument of this study is that Hinn has adapted his already implicit sacramentality to perform what might be termed a Pentecostal digital haptic sacramentality. This study builds on the theology of mediation in Pentecostal and Charismatic theology and develops it by giving more attention to symbolic action, hence the notion of sacramentality. The article is significant in developing the theological understanding of digital Pentecostalism and contributes to digital ecclesiology.
Effects of TDCS combined with Mat exercises on balance in patients with stroke
Authors: Goel P. , Malik M. , Gera C. , Kaur J.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) along with Mat exercises in stroke. A single blinded RCT with ‘intention to treat’ analysis was conducted according to the ‘Consolidated standards of reporting trial (CONSORT)’ 2010 guidelines. Patients suffering from haemorrhagic/ischemic stroke with unilateral hemiplegia having balance problems and age group above the 40 years were included in this study. A total of 32 participants were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A (n = 16) and Group B (n = 16). The patients in Group A were treated with TDCS and Mat exercises whereas participants of Group B were given sham TDCS for 15 min and conventional balance training. The treatment was given alternatively, thrice a week, for 2 weeks. Entire procedure was completed within 45-60 min. Two outcome measures were used to assess the balance, i.e. functional reach test (FRT) and time up & go test (TUG). There were more males than females in both experimental groups. Results of baseline comparison reported that there was a statistically non-significant difference in the variables and the data were normally distributed. Results of the within group analysis found that there was statistically significant improvement in pre- and post-intervention scores of both groups. Results of between group analysis showed that there was a statistically significant improvement in the variables of Group A compared to Group B. This study concludes that the combined use of TDCS along with Mat exercises can improve the balance as compared to Sham TDCS along with conventional balance training.
Effects of complex probiotics on intestinal function and its regulatory mechanism in patients with constipation
Authors: Zhang X. , Jia Y. , Li X. , Wang X. , Li L. , Zhang P. , Dong X. , Ze X. , An Y. , Li J.
Published: October 2024

Chronic constipation is a multi-symptomatic, multifactorial, and heterogeneous gastrointestinal disorder. Current pharmacological treatments for chronic constipation are limited and might negatively impact the patients’ quality of life. Although probiotics have been shown to improve constipation symptoms, their specific regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. This study sought to explore how probiotic complexes may affect chronic constipation by improving patients’ defecation habits. Furthermore, microbial profiles and non-targeted metabolites were assessed to explore the metabolic pathways involved in the improvement of constipation by probiotics. Patients with chronic constipation were treated using a single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial design. The experimental group was administered Lactobacillus powder prepared from 15 probiotic products, and maltodextrin was used as a placebo. Samples were collected twice daily for 4 weeks, and faecal samples were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolic histology. Probiotic treatment changed the makeup of the gut microbiota, enhanced the quantity of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, and markedly reduced clinical symptoms. The 16S rRNA analysis revealed that the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Prevotella increased while that of Thickettsia declined. Moreover, there was a decrease in the abundance of Faecalibacterium and Roseburia. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis identified several differential metabolites, including succinic acid, fumaric acid, cholesterol, xanthurenic acid, 3-alpha,7-alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oic, and N-methyltryptamine. KEGG analysis showed that these metabolites were mainly associated with metabolic pathways such as primary bile acid biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, and propanoate metabolism. In this study, gut microbiome and non-targeted metabolome analyses were performed on collected faecal samples to compare characteristic microorganisms and differential metabolites to provide new insights and references for probiotic intervention in constipation.

Trial registered at chictr.org.cn under number: ChiCTR2200056274
AI As Artificial Memory: A Global Reconfiguration of Our Collective Memory Practices?
Authors: Schuh Julien
Published: October 2024

ai’s evolution has drastically reshaped our relationship with collective memory. Large ai models, like gpt and dall·E, have emerged as memory agents, assimilating vast cultural and historical data across centuries. Unlike traditional digital repositories, these tools employ an analogical approach, capturing the complexity of human memory. Their potential to weave together fragmented pieces of the past offers new ways to delve into historical and cultural data. Tech giants are ambitiously positioning these ai models as primary mediators for information access, integrating them into popular platforms. While they present new forms of collective memory, their widespread use raises profound ethical concerns. Challenges arise regarding historical truth, representativeness, and data reuse, leading to debates on data ownership and the governance of digital collective memory.
Taxonomy of Coelogyne section Fuliginosae (Orchidaceae): new species, notes, resurrections and typifications
Authors: ADIT ARJUN , KUMAR PANKAJ
Published: October 2024

Coelogyne tripurensis is described here as a species new to science. This epiphytic orchid was discovered from the moist broadleaf forests of Jampui Hills in Tripura, North-East India situated at the westernmost fringe of Indo-Myanmar Biodiversity Hotspot. Evidences to delineate the newly described species and its significant differences from closely related taxa have been provided. We discuss the resurrection of C. fuliginosa, C. leungiana and C. pallens as distinct species. Additionally, lectotypification of C. chrysotropis, C. ovalis and C. pallens, and neotypification of C. fuliginosa is presented. We also provide historical evidence for the range extension of C. phitamii in Thailand. An identification key for the taxonomically challenging Coelogyne section Fuliginosae which consists of nine species is provided along with detailed nomenclatural notes on each species as a revision of the section.
The THINICE Field Campaign: Interactions between Arctic Cyclones, Tropopause Polar Vortices, Clouds, and Sea Ice in Summer
Authors: Rivière Gwendal , Delanoë Julien , Doyle James D. , Methven John , Barrell Chris , Fearon Matthew , Gray Suzanne , Johnson Aaron , Jourdan Olivier , Lachlan-Cope Tom , Renfrew Ian , Torn Ryan D. , Volonté Ambrogio , Weiss Alexandra , Wimmer Meryl , Aubry Clémantyne , Baudoux Antoine , Bazile Eric , Beeden Daniel , Bennett Miriam , Biernat Kevin , Bitz Cecilia M. , Blanchard-Wrigglesworth Edward , Bounissou Sophie , Bray Matthew , Burg Tomer , Burzdak Joseph , Businger Steven , Capute Peyton , Caudoux Christophe , Cavallo Steven , Cossalter Laure , Cozzolino Capucine , Croad Hannah , Douet Vincent , Elvidge Andrew , Finocchio Peter , Gourbeyre Christophe , Harvey Ben , Huet Kevin , Hutchinson Todd , Ladkin Russ , Marshland Kai , Martinez-Alvarado Oscar , Mioche Guillaume , Pantillon Florian , Paquette Cameron , Parsons David B. , Persson Ola , Raillard Lea , Raut Jean-Christophe , Seity Yann , Trules Jérémie , Vignon Etienne , Wang Xuguang
Published: October 2024

The THINICE field campaign, based in Svalbard in August 2022, provided unique observations of summertime Arctic cyclones, their coupling with cloud cover, and their interactions with tropopause polar vortices and sea ice conditions. THINICE was motivated by the need to advance our understanding of these processes and to improve coupled models used to forecast weather and sea ice, as well as long-term projections of climate change in the Arctic. Two research aircraft were deployed with complementary instrumentation. The Service des Avions Français Instrumentés pour la Recherche en Environnement (Safire) Aerei da Trasporto Regionale 42 (ATR42) aircraft, equipped with the radar–lidar (RALI) remote sensing instrumentation and in situ cloud microphysics probes, flew in the midtroposphere to observe the wind and multiphase cloud structure of Arctic cyclones. The British Antarctic Survey Meteorological Airborne Science Instrumentation (MASIN) aircraft flew at low levels measuring sea ice properties, including surface brightness temperature, albedo and roughness, and the turbulent fluxes that mediate exchange of heat and momentum between the atmosphere and the surface. Long-duration instrumented balloons, operated by WindBorne Systems, sampled meteorological conditions within both cyclones and tropospheric polar vortices across the Arctic. Several novel findings are highlighted. Intense, shallow low-level jets along warm fronts were observed within three Arctic cyclones using the Doppler radar and turbulence probes. A detailed depiction of the interweaving layers of ice crystals and supercooled liquid water in mixed-phase clouds is revealed through the synergistic combination of the Doppler radar, the lidar, and in situ microphysical probes. Measurements of near-surface turbulent fluxes combined with remote sensing measurements of sea ice properties are being used to characterize atmosphere–sea ice interactions in the marginal ice zone.
Revisiting Valley Flows
Authors: Shapiro Alan , Gomes Matheus
Published: October 2024

We introduce a quasi-analytical model of thermally induced flows in valleys with sloping floors, a feature absent from most theoretical valley wind studies. One of the main theories for valley winds—the valley volume effect—emerged from field studies in the European Alps in the 1930s and 1940s. According to that theory, along-valley variations in the heating rate arising from variations in valley geometry generated the pressure gradient that drove the valley wind. However, while those early studies were conducted in valleys with relatively flat (horizontal) floors, valleys with sloping floors are ubiquitous and presumably affected directly by slope buoyancy (Prandtl mechanism). Our model is developed for the Prandtl setting of steady flow of a stably stratified fluid over a heated planar slope, but with the slope replaced by a periodic system of sloping valleys. As the valley characteristics do not change along the valley, there is no valley volume effect. The 2D linearized Boussinesq governing equations are solved using Fourier methods. Examples are explored for symmetric (with respect to valley axis) valleys subject to symmetric and antisymmetric heating. The flows are 2D, but the trajectories are intrinsically 3D. For symmetric heating, trajectories are of two types: i) helical trajectories of parcels trapped within one of two counterrotating vortices straddling the valley axis and ii) trajectories of environmental parcels that approach the valley horizontally, move under and then over the helical trajectories, and then return to the environment. For antisymmetric heating, three types of trajectories are identified.
Helium Detection in Natural Gas Using Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Tanichev Aleksandr S. , Petrov Dmitry V.
Published: October 2024

Raman spectroscopy has great potential for quantitative analysis of natural gas. Helium is one of the components of natural gas and has a wide range of applications. It was believed that noble gases could not be detected using this technique due to the absence of their vibrational spectra. In this study, we demonstrated an approach to extracting the content of helium from the Raman spectrum of methane and carried out test measurements for the first time. The approach is based on the determination of changes in the ν1 band of methane caused by the influence of helium and other components. The necessary spectroscopic parameters characterizing the effect of methane (CH4), helium (He), nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and ethane (C2H6) on the ν1 band of methane at a resolution of 0.35 cm−1 were obtained. The validation of the approach showed that the helium content in natural gas can be measured with an uncertainty of 1 mol% at a sample pressure of 50 bar. The measurement precision can be increased to 0.01 mol% by using a high-resolution spectrometer. The described method does not claim to replace helium detectors, but it can be considered a valuable addition to Raman gas analysis of natural gas in developing an all-in-one device. The possibilities for further improvement of the approach are also discussed.