bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Structural Optical and Phonon Characteristics of Plasma-Assisted Molecular-Beam Epitaxy-Grown InN/Al2O3 Epifilms
Authors: Talwar Devki N. , Chen Li Chyong , Chen Kuei Hsien , Feng Zhe Chuan
Published: February 2025

The narrow bandgap InN material, with exceptional physical properties, has recently gained considerable attention, encouraging many scientists/engineers to design infrared photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, solar cells, and high-power electronic devices. The InN/Sapphire samples of different film thicknesses that we have used in our methodical experimental and theoretical studies are grown by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. Hall effect measurements on these samples have revealed high-electron-charge carrier concentration, η. The preparation of InN epifilms is quite sensitive to the growth temperature T, plasma power, N/In ratio, and pressure, P. Due to the reduced distance between N atoms at a higher P, one expects the N-flow kinetics, diffusion, surface components, and scattering rates to change in the growth chamber which might impact the quality of InN films. We believe that the ionized N, rather than molecular, or neutral species are responsible for controlling the growth of InN/Sapphire epifilms. Temperature- and power-dependent photoluminescence measurements are performed, validating the bandgap variation (~0.60–0.80 eV) of all the samples. High-resolution X-ray diffraction studies have indicated that the increase in growth temperature caused the perceived narrow peaks in the X-ray-rocking curves, leading to better-quality films with well-ordered crystalline structures. Careful simulations of the infrared reflectivity spectra provided values of η and mobility μ, in good accordance with the Hall measurements. Our first-order Raman scattering spectroscopy study has not only identified the accurate phonon values of InN samples but also revealed the low-frequency longitudinal optical phonon plasmon-coupled mode in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations.
Shell Structure Evolution of U, Pu, and Cm Isotopes with Deformed Relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov Theory in a Continuum
Authors: Wu Liang , Zhang Wei , Peng Jing , Huang Jinke
Published: February 2025

By adopting the deformed relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov theory in continuum (DRHBc) with the point-coupling density functional PC-PK1, we investigate the shell structure evolution of even–even U, Pu, and Cm isotopic chains from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line. The Fermi energy λn, two-neutron separation energy S2n, two-neutron shell gap δ2n, and quadrupole deformation β2 all indicate the major shell closures at N = 126, 184, and 258. The emergence of sudden drops between U and Pu isotopic chains in the proton Fermi energies λp around these neutron shell closures is a consequence of the designation convention when the pairing collapse at the spurious shell closure Z = 92 occurs. The fine structure in the two-neutron shell gap, like negative δ2n, may be related to the ground-state shape transition. Finally, the subshells indicated by the small-scale peaks in the two-neutron shell gaps can be well understood by the deformed gaps in the single-neutron levels obtained by DRHBc theory.
Boosting-Based Machine Learning Applications in Polymer Science: A Review
Authors: Malashin Ivan , Tynchenko Vadim , Gantimurov Andrei , Nelyub Vladimir , Borodulin Aleksei
Published: February 2025

The increasing complexity of polymer systems in both experimental and computational studies has led to an expanding interest in machine learning (ML) methods to aid in data analysis, material design, and predictive modeling. Among the various ML approaches, boosting methods, including AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting, XGBoost, CatBoost and LightGBM, have emerged as powerful tools for tackling high-dimensional and complex problems in polymer science. This paper provides an overview of the applications of boosting methods in polymer science, highlighting their contributions to areas such as structure–property relationships, polymer synthesis, performance prediction, and material characterization. By examining recent case studies on the applications of boosting techniques in polymer science, this review aims to highlight their potential for advancing the design, characterization, and optimization of polymer materials.
Adsorption of Organic Pollutants from Wastewater Using Chitosan-Based Adsorbents
Authors: Atangana Ernestine , Ajiboye Timothy Oladiran , Mafolasire Abolaji Abiodun , Ghosh Soumya , Hakeem Bello
Published: February 2025

Among the naturally occurring polysaccharides, chitosan is the second-most abundant polysaccharide. It is obtained from chitin through a process known as deacetylation. It is biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-toxic, which made it suitable for various environmental applications. In the present review, the structure, properties, and characteristics of chitosan were discussed. In addition, the modified forms of chitosan (including cross-linked, nanoparticles, functionalized, and grafted forms of chitosan) were enumerated. The applications of these modified forms of chitosan in the adsorption of organic pollutants (such as antibiotics, dyes, pesticides, microplastics, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, parabens, and polychlorobiphenyls) are comprehensively reviewed. Furthermore, the mechanism of adsorption, adsorption isotherm (Langmuir and Freundlich), and the kinetic models are highlighted. Finally, the economic viability assessment and environmental impact of processing tons of shrimp shells into chitosan annually were discussed.
Potential of Agricultural Waste Fibers for Dialdehyde Carboxymethyl Cellulose Production
Authors: Kamthai Suthaphat , Prom-u-thai Chanakan , Khaw-on Patompong , Deenu Aree , Tachai Kamonwan
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the environmental issue of air pollution (PM 2.5) from agricultural waste in Thailand and promotes the utilization of agricultural wastes by using their chemical compositions, especially cellulose content. The fourth readily available varieties of agricultural waste, such as rice straw, corn husk, hemp shive, and durian rind, were selected to evaluate their fiber morphology and chemical properties. Subsequently, dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) was produced from four kinds of agricultural wastes under synthesis conditions involving a pH value of 3.0, a reaction temperature of 35 °C, a mass ratio of NaIO4 and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) of 1:3, and a reaction time of 4 h. The formation of aldehyde substitution was confirmed by the degree of oxidation (DO) and aldehyde content. To characterize the DCMC properties determined, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used. The results revealed that rice straw, corn husk, hemp shives, and durian rinds presented high DO and aldehyde content; the aldehyde contents were more significant than 30% and 50%, respectively. The highest DO and aldehyde contents were 38.63 and 77.23%, respectively, for the hemp shives. The characterized data in recent research illustrated that the added value of agricultural wastes could be increased by DCMC production, which can be applied as a crosslinking reagent for future novel biopolymer film applications.
A Numerical Simulation Investigation on the Distribution Characteristics of Coal Seam In Situ Stress Under the Influence of Normal Fault
Authors: Rao Zhihua , Du Qingjie , Xiang Chunsheng , Han Zhongying , Liang Yanbo
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on the complex stress distribution in coal seams influenced by normal fault using the fault development zone of the LF-M1 oilfield in southern China as a case study. Based on 3D seismic and drilling data, a key research area was delineated, and strata were reclassified considering rock parameter similarity. An FLAC3D model encompassing hanging wall, normal fault, and footwall strata was developed to systematically analyze geostress near the fault under various conditions. The results indicate that the normal fault induces non-uniform and discontinuous stress patterns in the coal seam’s transverse plane. Stress weakening occurs near the fault, with a pronounced concentration on its flanks, approaching in situ stress levels in the far field. Coal’s Poisson’s ratio, elastic modulus, and fault dip negatively correlate with horizontal in situ stress, whereas other parameters show positive correlations. The maximum horizontal stress is more sensitive to parameter variations than the minimum. Stress weakening is most influenced by coal’s Poisson’s ratio, followed by coal’s elastic modulus, fault elastic modulus, fault Poisson’s ratio, fault dip, and fault thickness and the coal seam thickness. Notably, a 20% decrease in coal’s Poisson’s ratio leads to a 23.32% stress reduction at measuring point 1. Conversely, the coal seam thickness has a minimal impact on stress across the fault. When the coal seam thickness increases by 20%, the maximum horizontal stress at measuring point 2 only decreases by 0.06%. In summary, fault geometry, rock mechanics parameters, and external loads collectively complicate stress distributions near faults, posing risks of drilling accidents such as wellbore instability, leakage, and reservoir damage, necessitating careful consideration.
Christian Revelation in the Photographic Arts: Urban Warfare, Light as a Borrowed Metaphor, and Roman Bordun’s The Apartment After the Artillery Bombardment in Ukraine
Authors: Phillips Victoria
Published: February 2025

Roman Bordun’s twenty-first century photograph The Apartment After the Artillery Bombardment. Heat resistant Ceramic Vase. Irpin [Ukraine]. June 2022 uses light to express the Christian paradox of suffering that leads to redemption and eternal life for the just. In order to imbue spiritual meaning into a photographic work, Bordun draws from Renaissance artists in his use of technique (chiaroscuro), topic (warfare), and geography (the city) that all reference Christ’s Resurrection. Comparing and contrasting Bordun’s Apartment with Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino’s [Raphael] paint on wood Saint Michael Overwhelming the Demon (c. 1505) demonstrates how Bordun’s photograph can transcend its discrete historical context, merging the factual and the mythic as described by C. S. Lewis. Through his references to Raphael and the masters, Bordun lays claim to a Christian iconography and challenges the political use of religion in waging human warfare. His works all demonstrate contemporary or even quotidian plays on Renaissance works in order to address current political issues. The art of photography and stylistic references to churches’ involvement in politics, as opposed to Christian teachings, critiques Moscow’s “post-truth” justifications of the Ukrainian invasion and war.
Educating for Diversity: Intercultural and Inter-Religious Sensitivity in Early Childhood and Primary School Teachers in Training at the University of Barcelona
Authors: Quirós Domínguez Carolina , De Ormaechea Otarola Valeria , Ferré Tobaruela Mónica , Lorenzo Ramírez Núria
Published: February 2025

This study analyses the development of intercultural and interreligious sensitivity in pre-service teachers on the Early Childhood and Primary Education degrees at the University of Barcelona. Using a mixed approach, the research combines the collection and analysis of quantitative data on a validated self-perception scale and the qualitative perspective of a reflective activity inspired by Deardorff’s storytelling circles. In its quantitative phase, the study involved 290 students, and the results showed medium to elevated levels of self-perceived sensitivity, influenced by factors such as gender and previous intercultural experiences. The qualitative phase involved 84 pre-service teachers and consisted of the shared analysis of a short film on discrimination, highlighting the participants’ capacity for critical reflection and their ability to engage in meaningful dialogue about diversity and inclusion. These results emphasize the importance of integrating intercultural and interreligious training into teaching programmes to prepare future educators for the challenges of increasingly diverse classrooms. The study highlights the transformative role of educators as agents of change in promoting inclusive school environments and highlights the need for innovative pedagogical approaches to develop these competencies.
Aboveground Biomass Estimation of Highland Barley in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau—Exploring the Advantages of Time Series Data and Terrain Effects
Authors: Hu Jingbo , Du Xin , Li Qiangzi , Zhang Yuan , Wang Hongyan , Xu Jingyuan , Xiao Jing , Shen Yunqi , Dong Yong , Hu Haoxuan , Yan Sifeng , Gong Shuguang
Published: February 2025

The timely and precise estimation of crop aboveground biomass (AGB) is crucial for evaluating crop development and forecasting yields. The objective is to examine the differences, advantages, and limitations between time series parameters and single-time-phase indicators derived from various vegetation indices in AGB estimation. Moreover, we aim to quantitatively investigate and elucidate the impact of the topographic and geographic conditions of the study region on the estimation of highland barley AGB. Results indicate that AGB simulations utilizing time series parameters from vegetation index time series (VI-TS) curves yield satisfactory results for all three VIs, with the exception of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which encounters saturation issues. The performance metrics are as follows: the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) (R2 = 0.73, RMSE = 20.24 g/m2), the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) (R2 = 0.67, RMSE = 20.97 g/m2), and the Normalized Difference Mountain Vegetation Index (NDMVI) (R2 = 0.54, RMSE = 24.92 g/m2). The inclusion of our quantitative terrain factor improves the simulation accuracies of NDVI, SAVI, and NDMVI. Overall, the terrain factor has a beneficial impact on the highland barley AGB simulation outcomes. This study establishes a foundational framework for the timely and precise estimation of highland barley biomass, crucial for monitoring agricultural production in plateau mountainous regions.
Effects of Skin Blood Flow Fluctuations on Non-Invasive Glucose Measurement and a Feasible Blood Flow Control Method
Authors: Ge Qing , Han Tongshuai , Liu Xueying , Chen Jiayu , Liu Wenbo , Liu Jin , Xu Kexin
Published: February 2025

In non-invasive blood glucose measurement (NBGM) based on near-infrared spectroscopy, fluctuations in blood flow represent a primary source of interference. This paper proposes a local blood flow pre-stimulation method in which the local skin is heated to dilate blood vessels and increase blood flow. This approach aims to mitigate the impact of environmental temperature variations, emotional fluctuations, and insulin secretion on blood flow, thereby enhancing the accuracy of glucose measurement. To evaluate the effectiveness of this method, a blood flow interference experiment was conducted to compare the stability of the measured spectra with and without blood flow pre-stimulation. The results demonstrated that the pre-stimulation method presents good anti-interference capabilities. Furthermore, 45 volunteers underwent oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) as a part of the validation experiments. In these tests, the forearm skin blood flow of 24 volunteers was pre-stimulated using elevated temperature, while the skin of the remaining 21 subjects was maintained at a natural temperature level without stimulation. The results indicate that compared to the non-stimulated condition, the correlation between the optical signal at 1550 nm and blood glucose levels was significantly enhanced under the pre-stimulation condition. Furthermore, the root mean square error (RMSE) of the linear prediction model was reduced to just 0.92 mmol/L. In summary, this paper presents a feasible blood flow control strategy that effectively stabilizes internal blood flow, thereby improving the accuracy of NBGM.
Strain-Compensated Quantum Well Asymmetric Waveguide Edge-Emitting Laser Operating at 730 nm
Authors: Fan Lutai , Cao Lijie , Jia Peng , Liu Qian , Liu Baiheng , Chen Haofei , Chen Yongyi , Qin Li , Liang Lei , Lei Yuxin , Qiu Cheng , Song Yue , Wang Yubing , Ning Yongqiang , Wang Lijun
Published: February 2025

Semiconductor lasers operating at the 730 nm peak wavelength have diverse applications, including biomedical diagnostics, agricultural lighting, and high-precision sensing. However, quantum well (QW) materials, commonly employed at this wavelength, often fail to simultaneously meet the dual requirements of lattice matching and bandgap alignment. In this study, GaAsP/AlGaInP large strain compensation QW with lattice mismatches of −7.533‰ and 1.112‰ was developed. Strain compensation was utilized to address the lattice mismatch while ensuring lasing action at 730 nm. Based on this, the impact of waveguide design, particularly graded and asymmetric waveguides, on the power output was explored. Additionally, the relationship between the doping profile of the device and lasing efficiency was investigated. The completed 100 μm wide semiconductor edge-emitting laser (EEL) achieved 730 nm continuous wave laser with 1 W output power at 2 A current. This study proposes an approach to enhance the lasing power and optoelectronic conversion efficiency of lasers and provide valuable solutions for their practical applications.
Professor Foo Keong Tatt
Authors: Aslim Edwin Jonathan , See Angie Beng Guek , Cheng Christopher Wai Sam , Ng Lay Guat , Ho Henry Sun Sien , Yuen John Shyi Peng
Published: February 2025

Professor Foo Keong Tatt is widely celebrated as the “Father of Urology” in Singapore[...]
Does Maintaining Resources, Diversification, and Internationalization Matter for Achieving High Firm Performance? A Sustainable Competitiveness Strategy for China Taipei Firms
Authors: Anggara Ali Akbar , Aryoko Yudhistira Pradhipta , Dewandaru Rhis Ogie , Kharismasyah Alfato Yusnar , Fatchan Ilham Nuryana
Published: February 2025

This study evaluates the performance of China Taipei firms in the global business environment, focusing on the role of firm-level factors, the geographical setting context, internationalization, and product diversification. These variables are chosen for their potential to enhance resilience and bring firms into global competitiveness. This study performs a generalized least squares (GLS) and curved relationship analysis of 2160 observation samples in the panel analysis, based on a sample of 360 firms across eight industries. The analysis reveals positive correlations between non-labor-intensive operations and effective supply chain management and firms’ overall performance, while dependency on China negatively impacts performance. Notably, the degree of internationalization and product diversification significantly influences the correlations between the key predictors and geographical diversification. A highlight of this study is the application of a curvilinear relationship analysis (non-linear analysis) to assess the real assumptions, providing insight into how these factors interact to affect firm performance. This study stresses the importance of diversifying supply chains, reducing reliance on single markets like China, and enhancing supply chain efficiency through non-labor-intensive operations. This study highlights the need for supportive policies that encourage global expansion, product diversification, and competitiveness in the global business environment.
Using Snake Roadkill Patterns to Indicate Effects of Climate Change on Snakes in Taiwan
Authors: Liu Tzu-Ming
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the impacts of climate change on snake behavior and distribution in Taiwan by analyzing roadkill data from the Taiwan Roadkill Observation Network (TaiRON). Focusing on data from 2012 to 2019, the analysis reveals temporal and spatial changes in snake roadkill patterns, shedding light on the ecological effects of a warming climate. From 2012 to 2019, the number of snake roadkill events exhibited a rising trend, particularly during peak activity months from May to October, which accounted for over 70% of annual cases. However, a notable increase was observed in January, traditionally a low-activity period, with roadkill numbers rising 14.9-fold and proportions increasing nearly 6-fold over the study period. This shift suggests that warmer winters are extending the active period for snakes, potentially altering their seasonal behaviors. Spatially, snake roadkill numbers showed a northward and upward migration, reflecting a response to rising temperatures and habitat shifts to higher-altitude regions. These migratory trends, while adaptive, expose snakes to heightened roadkill risks in newly occupied habitats. The findings underscore the potential of roadkill data as a robust ecological monitoring tool for understanding species responses to climate change. By integrating citizen science with ecological and spatial analyses, this research highlights the critical role of environmental changes in driving snake activity and distribution shifts. This study emphasizes the need for climate-adaptive conservation strategies, including road design improvements and biodiversity-focused policies, to mitigate roadkill risks and safeguard snake populations. These insights contribute to broader efforts in ecological conservation and the formulation of evidence-based policies to address the impacts of climate change on cold-blooded animals.
Nanostructured TiNi Wires for Textile Implants: Optimization of Drawing Process by Means of Mechano-Chemical Treatment
Authors: Artyukhova Nadezhda V. , Shabalina Anastasiia V. , Anikeev Sergey G. , Uchida Helmut-Takahiro , Kulinich Sergei A.
Published: February 2025

TiNi-based alloys are widely utilized in various engineering and medical applications. This study presents a newly developed and optimized technology for producing TiNi wires with a diameter of 40 μm utilizing a combined mechano-chemical treatment and drawing process. The resulting thin wires were tested and characterized using multiple methods to determine their structural, phase, and mechanical properties. The structure of the TiNi wires, designed for use as textile implants in reconstructive medicine, features a TiNi metal matrix (B2 and B19′ phases) at the core and a surface oxide layer. A key structural characteristic of these wires is the presence of fine nanograins averaging 15–17 nm in size. No texturizing of the metallic material was observed during repeated plastic deformations throughout the drawing process. The applied mechano-chemical treatment aimed to modify the structure of the wires’ surface oxide layer. Specifically, reducing the thickness and roughness of this layer decreased the friction coefficient of the alloy during drawing, thus significantly reducing the number of breaks during production. At the same time, the cryogenic treatment of the final product was found to stabilize the martensitic phase B19′, which reduces the Young’s modulus by 10 GPa. Consequently, this newly developed methodology enhances the material’s quality and reduces labor costs during production.
Research on Circuit Partitioning Algorithm Based on Partition Connectivity Clustering and Tabu Search
Authors: Yin Linzi , Hu Hao , Li Changgeng
Published: February 2025

In this paper, a circuit-partitioning method is proposed based on partition connectivity clustering and tabu search. It includes four phases: coarsening, initial partitioning, uncoarsening, and refinement. In the initial partitioning phase, the concept of partition connectivity is introduced to optimize the vertex-clustering process, which clusters vertices with high connectivity in advance to provide an optimal initial solution. In the refinement phase, an improved tabu search algorithm is proposed, which combines two flexible neighborhood search rules and a candidate solution-selection strategy based on vertex-exchange frequency to further optimize load balancing. Additionally, a random perturbation method is suggested to increase the diversity of the search space and improve both the depth and breadth of global search. The experimental results based on the ISCAS-89 and ISCAS-85 benchmark circuits show that the average cut size of the proposed circuit-partitioning method is 0.91 times that of METIS and 0.86 times that of the KL algorithm, with better performance for medium- and small-scale circuits.
The Deubiquitinase OTUD1 Influences HIV-1 Release by Regulating the Host Restriction Factor BST-2
Authors: Zhang Man-Di , Chen Fan , He Wen-Qiang , Lu Ying , Liu Feng-Liang , Zhang Hong-Guang , Yang Liu-Meng , Dong Chun-Sheng , Xiong Si-Dong , Zheng Yong-Tang
Published: February 2025

Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST-2) is a restriction factor for human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) and plays an important role in regulating the release of viral particles. However, the antiviral efficacy of BST-2 is antagonized by the HIV-1-encoded accessory protein Vpu, which facilitates the degradation of BST-2 by recruiting E3 ubiquitin ligase β-TrCP. The involvement of deubiquitinases (DUBs) in counteracting BST-2 ubiquitination and influencing its stability during HIV-1 infection remains inadequately explored. In this study, we conducted a small interfering RNA (siRNA) screening of human DUBs and determined that OTUD1 interacts with BST-2, leading to a reduction in its K48- and K63-linked ubiquitination. This reduction increases BST-2 protein stability, and subsequently inhibits HIV-1 release. Our findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism by which DUBs influence the stability of the HIV-1 restriction factor BST-2 to dampen viral release, providing a potential therapeutic target for HIV-1 antiviral intervention.
Effects of Dietary Mallotus oblongifolius Ultrafine Powder Supplementation on Quality of Pork from Hainan Pigs During the Late Fattening Period
Authors: Xie Yali , Meng Jilun , Sun Ruiping , Liu Jie , Liu Quanwei , Ou Yangkun , Qi Qi , Li Xiang , Zhang Yan , Yuan Jingli , Xing Manping , Chao Zhe , Zhao Guiping , Wei Limin
Published: February 2025

The genus Mallotus oblongifolius (MO), a member of the Euphorbia family, exhibits a predominant distribution in Hainan Island and has been proven to possess diverse medicinal attributes. Research indicates that ultramicro-grinding fully exposes the active ingredients of Mallotus oblongifolius, enhancing bioavailability and efficacy, compared to before. Our study investigates the effects of ultrafine powder of Mallotus oblongifolius (MOUP) on Hainan pigs. A total of sixty-four healthy castrated pigs (ternary hybrid pigs, Duroc × Duroc × Tunchang) with comparable initial body weight (BW, 68.06 ± 1.03 kg, 150 days old) were allocated randomly into four groups: the control group (CONT), the antibiotic group (ANTI), the 0.1% MOUP group (PT1), and the 0.5% MOUP group (PT2). There were four replicate pens per treatment with four pigs per pen. The pre-test lasted for 7 days and the formal test lasted for 70 days. The CONT group was fed the basal diet, the ANTI group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg colistin sulfate, the PT1 group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% MOUP, and the PT2 group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% MOUP. The findings of our study indicate that the inclusion of colistin sulfate and MOUP in the diet did not have any significant impact on the production performance or carcass indicators of Hainan pigs compared to the CONT group. However, it is noteworthy that the addition of MOUP to the diet resulted in a significant improvement in the lightness, tenderness, muscle fiber morphology, amino acid composition, and antioxidant activity of the longissimus dorsi muscle, particularly in the PT2 group, compared to the CONT group. In conclusion, the present study has demonstrated that the inclusion of MOUP in the dietary regimen yields enhancements in the meat quality of Hainan pigs, particularly when supplemented at a concentration of 0.5%.
Helicobacter hepaticus CdtB Triggers Colonic Mucosal Barrier Disruption in Mice via Epithelial Tight Junction Impairment Mediated by MLCK/pMLC2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Tao , Meng Xiao , Qian Miao , Jin Shanhao , Bao Ruoyu , Zhu Liqi , Zhang Quan
Published: February 2025

Background: Helicobacter hepaticus (H. hepaticus) has been demonstrated to have clinical relevance to the development of colitis in rodents. H. hepaticus produces cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs), which are identified as the most important virulence factors to the pathogenicity of CDT-producing bacteria in animals. However, the precise relationship between CDTs of H. hepaticus and intestinal barrier dysfunction remains unclear. The objective of the present study was to ascertain the impact of CdtB, the active subunit of CDTs, on the colonic mucosal barrier during H. hepaticus infection. Materials and Methods: We investigated the infection of male BALB/c mice, intestinal organoids, and IEC-6 cell monolayers by H. hepaticus or CdtB-deficient H. hepaticus (ΔCdtB). A comprehensive histopathological examination was conducted, encompassing the assessment of H. hepaticus colonization, the levels of mRNA expression for inflammatory cytokines, the expression levels of tight junction proteins, and the related signaling pathways. Results: The results demonstrate that the presence of ΔCdtB led to a mitigation of the symptoms associated with H. hepaticus-induced colitis, as evidenced by colon length shortening and the colon histological inflammation score. In addition, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were reduced in the ΔCdtB group. Moreover, a downward trend was observed in the phosphorylation levels of STAT3 and nuclear factor-κB (p65). In vitro, the presence of H. hepaticus resulted in a reduction in the expression of tight junction (TJ) markers (ZO-1 and occludin) and an impairment of the F-actin structure in either the intestinal epithelium or intestinal organoids. However, these effects were reversed by CdtB deletion. Concurrently, both ROS levels and apoptosis levels were found to be significantly reduced in cells treated with the ΔCdtB strain. Mechanistically, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activation was observed in the H. hepaticus-infected group in vivo, whereas the MLCK inhibitor ML-7 was found to reverse the CdtB-induced alterations in TJ proteins in IEC6 cells. Conclusions: The collective findings demonstrate that CdtB plays a pivotal role in the H. hepaticus-induced colonic mucosal barrier. This is achieved through the regulation of TJs via the MLCK/pMLC2 signaling pathway, which is linked to elevations in oxidative stress and inflammation within intestinal epithelial cells.
Diagnosis and Assessment of Vulnerability Levels for Urban Sewage Pipeline Network System
Authors: Yin Xiaobin , Xu Wenbin , Wang Teng , Sun Jiale , Jiang Chunbo , Zhu Kai
Published: February 2025

Long-distance sewerage network systems have serious vulnerabilities, specifically pipeline blockage, leakage, sedimentation, mixed connection, and other problems. A vulnerability evaluation system for a sewage network was established in this study with the comprehensive consideration of three aspects: basic attributes of the sewage network, operation and maintenance (O&M) drivers, and structural level. First, we obtained vulnerability indicators for the sewage pipeline network system through data collection and the preliminary selection and screening of indicators. The extent of the importance of each criterion level to the vulnerability was clarified through principal component analysis (PCA), with the basic attribute indicators being the per capita GDP (X3) and the urbanization rate (X5), the O&M-driven indicators being the daily per capita wastewater treatment volume (X7) and the industrial wastewater discharge volume (X8), and the structural-level indicators being the pipe diameter (X13) and the flow capacity (X15). Qingshanhu District, Jiangxi province, was taken as an example for diagnosing and evaluating vulnerability. Using the ranking size of PCA indicators as the evaluation level of the importance for the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) indicators, a hierarchical structure model was established. The evaluation value was obtained by weighting the hierarchical structure model results with the scores of each indicator. The comprehensive evaluation values of basic attributes, operation and maintenance drivers, and structural level were 58.38, 68.67, and 73.17, which corresponded to vulnerability levels of III, II, and II, respectively.
Professionally oriented communication in the structure of education
Authors:   Department of Humanities and Natural Sciences, Moscow Economic Institute, Department of Theory and Practice of Foreign Languages, Patrice Lumumba Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Podkladova Valeriya Evgenievna
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the features of the formation of oral speech skills of students of
non-linguistic specialties in the tourism fi eld of communication using interactive Internet
discussion technology. It has been established that teaching professionally oriented speaking in the unity of linguistic, expressive, and extralinguistic components underlies
the production of informative, stimulating, and understandable oral speech. It has been
revealed that interactive Internet communication makes it possible to present the actual
characteristics of the object under study and its analysis through speaking and forms
universal educational actions of students as factors in the use of oral speech skills in any
communication situations. The conclusions about the eff ectiveness of teaching professionally
oriented speaking in the tourism sector of communication based on the use of linguistic, expressive, and intercultural means of communication through discussion are drawn.
Development of and prospects for research into student personal identity at the Department of General and Social Psychology and History of Psychology of the Moscow State University
Authors:   Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Kolinichenko Irina Aleksandrovna
Published: February 2025

Since the resilience of generations is associated with the preservation and development
of personal identity, the individual’s personal ability for self-development is transformative
in nature and stimulates life resources, which, in turn, serves as a guarantee of the
individual’s security in the profession and life. The subject of the study was the personal
identity of an economics student as a subject of education and social development. The
relationship between personal concepts of student safety and general and professional
categories of personal identity is shown. An associative experiment has revealed that students
with a professional identity category express subjective characteristics that serve
as a guarantee of security. Students are confi dent that they can infl uence safety in life
based on their personal characteristics. The future profession will become safe provided that subjects demonstrate high skill, move forward, engage in continuous development, and have confidence in the future.
Physical training and vocational guidance of pre-university youth
Authors:   Academy of Law and Management, Federal Penitentiary Service, Polyanskov Mikhail Sergeevich
Published: February 2025

Modern education is experiencing many changes, among which the active integration
of sports into the educational process stands out. In light of this integration, it becomes
crucial to consider the role of physical training in the context of vocational guidance for
high school students. This article is a detailed study of how physical activity can infl uence
the development of professional interests and skills among pre-university youth.
The issue of the relationship between physical training and career guidance is not new
in the scientifi c literature, but its relevance is only increasing at the present stage of the
development of education. One of the key ideas of the article is the assertion that regular
physical training contributes to the development of a number of personal qualities that
can become a catalyst in the process of choosing a profession. Among these qualities are
perseverance, responsibility, ability to work as a team, and resistance to stress. These skills
can be decisive when choosing a professional activity, especially in those areas where a
high degree of physical and psychological preparedness is required. Based on statistical
data, the authors of the article came to the conclusion that pre-university youth who are
actively involved in physical education are more likely to focus on professions related
to physical activity, as well as in such areas as public service, medicine, pedagogy, and
sports. This fact emphasizes the importance of physical training not only as a means
of promoting health, but also as a tool for socialization and professional adaptation of
young people. Another essential point of the study is the establishment of a connection
between team sports and the development of social skills in high school students. With
active involvement in sports activities, youth learn interaction, leadership, and confl ict
resolution. These skills not only contribute to personal growth, but can also become decisive
when choosing a professional path in the future.
BONE REGENERATION NANOENGINEERING BASED ON BIOMIMETIC MINERALIZATION
Authors: Botin A.S. , Damberg K.S. , Rizk M.G.H.
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the basic principles and concepts of biomimetic mineralization for the development, testing and production of nanobiomaterials, confirmed by experimental data. Biomimetic mineralization is one of the most promising approaches in the formation of composite bone implants. This method has many advantages in terms of structure and functions that mimic natural bones. Currently, none of the synthetic bone implants resembles natural bone in structure and function, which is mainly due to the lack of an appropriate synthesis method. This fact demonstrates the need to develop and implement new approaches to obtaining bone-imitating material.
INTENSIFICATION OF REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
Authors: Golovanov S.A. , Rybakov Y.L. , Gukasov V.M. , Myakinkova L.L. , Zhigacheva I.V. , Kuznetsov4 I.A. , Rasulov M.M. , Usov K.I.
Published: February 2025

Information is presented on the combined treatment of groups of patients with chronic heart failure of functional class II. The Russian adaptogenic drug trekrezan was used against the background of basic therapy. It has been established that combination pharmacotherapy of patients with chronic heart disease significantly increases the effectiveness of treatment compared with the effects of basic drugs. Changes were tested using key indicators of the development of lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system.
Prácticas Interdisplinarias
Authors: Gómez Rodríguez Dustin Tahisin
Published: February 2025

Los cambios y las transformaciones del siglo pasado como del siglo XXI tanto en lo político, lo económico, lo social y lo ambiental. Han concebido la necesidad, de que las organizaciones sean estas de cualquier rama, se enfrenten a mayores retos para poder competir en los mercados que tienden a ser globalizados (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1999). Precisamente, los progresos en las comunicaciones, en las tecnologías, en los medios de trasportes, han contribuido en la expansión de las transacciones tanto en el sistema financiero como en la economía real. Por ello, la des y la relocalización productiva profundiza la búsqueda incesante de espacios geográficos que brinden condiciones para ser competitivas (Rendón, & Cardona, 2005) y (Departamento de Asuntos Económicos y Sociales, 2018). Sin olvidar, que los efectos del cambio climático, los impactos ambientales, las pandemias la reconfiguración del tejido social, dado las relaciones intrínsecas entre las organizaciones y su entorno han conllevado a convergencias y divergencias en sus relaciones, provocando la necesidad de dinamizar los diálogos entre las empresas, el Estado, la academia y los actores sociales (Gómez, 2015) y (Naredo, 2003).
Resistencia no-violenta en sobrevivientes del conflicto armado. Una mirada desde la cognición social
Authors: Rojas Guerra Luz Edilma , Moreno Solís Vicente , Aguirre Margarita , Silva Giraldo Edward Johnn
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo denominado Resistencia no-violenta en sobrevivientes del conflicto armado. Una mirada desde la cognición social, es derivado de los proyectos de investigación “Resistencias sociales de población víctima del conflicto armado: experiencias de reconstitución de tejidos sociales y construcción de paz territoriales” y “Simulación mental en el procesamiento de la empatía en excombatientes del conflicto armado colombiano”, de los programas de Trabajo Social y Psicología de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios. Esta articulación interdisciplinaria y colaborativa busca comprender las expresiones creativas que han generado los sobrevivientes del conflicto armado para resignificar sus experiencias de sufrimiento desde las resistencias noviolentas.
Proceso de reingenieria en una empresa del sector avícola en Santander
Authors: Silva Giraldo Cesar Augusto , Dugarte Mendoza Juan Sebastián , Rueda Mahecha Yohanna Milena
Published: February 2025

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo plantear una solución desde el área de gestión human para generar un proceso de reingeniería que busca disminuir los riesgos biomecánicos presentes en el área de empaque fresco de una empresa avícola del departamento de Santander. El estudio parte de la necesidad de disminuir las lesiones lumbares que se vienen presentando en esta área. Por lo anterior, se inicia con un análisis de puesto de trabajo y con la recolección de antecedentes de incapacidad y a partir de estos datos se propone una medida que ayude a los trabajadores en esta labor. Y a su vez ayuda a la empresa en temas de producción y a la reducción de incapacidad por enfermedad laboral.
Pengaruh Financial Distress dan Profitabilitas terhadap Audit Report Lag
Authors: Mutiara Lusiana Annisa Mutiara Lusiana Annisa
Published: February 2025

The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of financial distress and profitability on audit report lag in companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index. Secondary data was used in this study. The data was obtained from the official Stockbit and BEI websites, namely www.stockbit.com and www.idx.co.id, as well as journal references that support this research. The population in this study consists of all companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index from 2020 to 2023. Over a four-year period, from 2020 to 2023, a purposive sampling technique was applied, resulting in a sample of 6 companies and 24 observations. Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the data, with the assistance of the SPSS program. The results of the study indicate that (1) financial distress, when examined partially, does not have a significant effect on audit report lag, and (2) profitability, when examined partially, does not have a significant effect on audit quality. This research has important implications for company management. Companies experiencing financial distress should enhance their financial reporting systems. Additionally, improving coordination with auditors is essential to ensure the audit process is completed on time. Strong profitability can serve as a factor in attracting high-quality auditors. By doing so, the risk of audit delays can be minimized. For auditors, this research provides insights into identifying factors that can cause delays in the audit process. This knowledge is valuable for helping auditors allocate resources more efficiently. It is particularly important for companies experiencing financial distress.
“Portbou – deutsch?”
Authors: Teodoro Jorge Benedito de Freitas
Published: February 2025

This article seeks to discuss the poem “Port bou – deutsch?”, by Paul Celan, as the possibility of a meeting between the Romanian poet and the thinker Walter Benjamin for the formulation of a word contrary to the conservative forces of hegemonic discourses. In this sense, we approach the criticism made by Jean Bollack to, finally, deconstruct it in favor of a moment signaled by a radical criticism in which historical-literary conservatism is rejected by the words of the poet and the thinker.
A Santa Ilegalidade de Ruth
Authors: Gruber Gabriel , Ebinger Kenny
Published: February 2025

This article aims to discuss the interpretative possibilities that the reading of Megillat Ruth can assume as an intrinsic part of the Shavuot festival. Based on an original translation with comments produced by the authors, a literary analysis is proposed that explores the controversial interpretations of the ambiguities of the characters and plots given the dual character of the Shavuot festival: with pre-second temple agricultural relations; and with the relationship to the giving of the Torah post second temple.
Do animal à alga
Authors: Brito Junior Antônio Barros de
Published: February 2025

This article focuses on how becoming-animal and becoming-vegetable make a writer of Hans Reiter, a.k.a. Benno von Archimboldi. Considering the fact that Bolaño inserts his main character in the context of the catastrophes of the 20th century, this paper argues that the horrific experiences lived by Reiter lead to his dehumanization, which is a sign of the sort of precarious lives that can enable the writer profession. Later, this paper posits that by means of literature, Reiter or Archimboldi explores the becoming-vegetable while identifying himself with the seaweed as an organism that survives submersion as much as it embodies the exposing as the basic living condition. At last, the article states that Bolaño provides an insight about becoming-writer in a context saturated by catastrophes, which points to an idea of writing as superviving and as surplus value of life like the plasticity of both animal and vegetable.
W poszukiwaniu ludzkiej skali
Authors: Brzezicka Barbara
Published: February 2025

Tekst odwołuje się do teorii nieskalowalności zaproponowanej przez Annę Tsing i podejmuje próbę odniesienia tej kategorii do pojęć filozoficznych, w tym pojęć wieczności i nieskończoności, co ma na celu sformułowanie problemu skali. Następnie omawia problem tak zwanej „ludzkiej skali” w odniesieniu do kategorii wprowadzonych przez Tsing a także do sformułowanej przez Michela Foucaulta w późnych wykładach teorii prawdy i podmiotowości. Rozważania prowadzone są w odniesieniu do problemu katastrofy klimatycznej i stanowią krytyczny namysł nad postawą etyczną kryjącą się za hasłem „myśl globalnie, działaj lokalnie”.
Populizm jako proces transformacji demokracji
Authors: Szewczyk Urszula
Published: February 2025

Tekst jest recenzją książki Me the People: How Populism Transforms Democracy Nadii Urbinati. W tekście omawiane są wątki krytyki establishmentu, moralności przywódcy populistycznego oraz rozumienia czym jest lud. Łączą się one ze sobą w idei populizmu jako procesu transformującego demokrację – stanowi to najważniejszą w tej książce myśl filozofki. Krytyce zostaje poddane porównanie relacji zaufania między wyborcami a przywódcą populistycznym do relacji między wyborcami a przywódcą niepopulistycznym, a także niejasność używanego przez Urbinati pojęcia demokracji.
Zmiana paradygmatu w kierunku ekologicznie zrównoważonej przyszłości
Authors: Ziemian Wer
Published: February 2025

W swojej książce Mniej znaczy lepiej..., Jason Hickel podnosi palące kwestie związane ze współczesnym paradygmatem ekonomicznym, skierowując naszą uwagę na konieczność rewizji naszych przekonań o wzroście gospodarczym. Autor przekonuje, że obecny model ekonomiczny, oparty na nieustającym rozwoju, nie tylko staje się źródłem nierówności społecznych, ale również prowadzi do katastrofalnych skutków dla środowiska. W tej recenzji analizuję główne tezy Hickela, skupiając się na jego argumentach dotyczących potrzeby zmiany naszego podejścia do ekonomii w imię zrównoważonej przyszłości. Prześwietlam kluczowe koncepcje autora, starając się ukazać zarówno mocne strony, jak i potencjalne ograniczenia przedstawione w książce. Poprzez krytyczne spojrzenie na Mniej znaczy lepiej... staram się zrozumieć, jak dzieło Hickela może być istotnym głosem w dyskusji nad zmianą paradygmatu ekonomicznego i społecznego.