bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mutagenic Effects of Ribavirin on Hepatitis E Virus—Viral Extinction versus Selection of Fitness-Enhancing Mutations
Authors: Todt Daniel , Walter Stephanie , Brown Richard , Steinmann Eike
Published: October 2016

Hepatitis E virus (HEV), an important agent of viral hepatitis worldwide, can cause severe courses of infection in pregnant women and immunosuppressed patients. To date, HEV infections can only be treated with ribavirin (RBV). Major drawbacks of this therapy are that RBV is not approved for administration to pregnant women and that the virus can acquire mutations, which render the intra-host population less sensitive or even resistant to RBV. One of the proposed modes of action of RBV is a direct mutagenic effect on viral genomes, inducing mismatches and subsequent nucleotide substitutions. These transition events can drive the already error-prone viral replication beyond an error threshold, causing viral population extinction. In contrast, the expanded heterogeneous viral population can facilitate selection of mutant viruses with enhanced replication fitness. Emergence of these mutant viruses can lead to therapeutic failure. Consequently, the onset of RBV treatment in chronically HEV-infected individuals can result in two divergent outcomes: viral extinction versus selection of fitness-enhanced viruses. Following an overview of RNA viruses treated with RBV in clinics and a summary of the different antiviral modes of action of this drug, we focus on the mutagenic effect of RBV on HEV intrahost populations, and how HEV is able to overcome lethal mutagenesis.
Reconstructing Historical VOC Concentrations in Drinking Water for Epidemiological Studies at a U.S. Military Base: Summary of Results
Authors: Maslia Morris , Aral Mustafa , Ruckart Perri , Bove Frank
Published: October 2016

A U.S. government health agency conducted epidemiological studies to evaluate whether exposures to drinking water contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOC) at U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, were associated with increased health risks to children and adults. These health studies required knowledge of contaminant concentrations in drinking water—at monthly intervals—delivered to family housing, barracks, and other facilities within the study area. Because concentration data were limited or unavailable during much of the period of contamination (1950s–1985), the historical reconstruction process was used to quantify estimates of monthly mean contaminant-specific concentrations. This paper integrates many efforts, reports, and papers into a synthesis of the overall approach to, and results from, a drinking-water historical reconstruction study. Results show that at the Tarawa Terrace water treatment plant (WTP) reconstructed (simulated) tetrachloroethylene (PCE) concentrations reached a maximum monthly average value of 183 micrograms per liter (μg/L) compared to a one-time maximum measured value of 215 μg/L and exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s current maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 5 μg/L during the period November 1957–February 1987. At the Hadnot Point WTP, reconstructed trichloroethylene (TCE) concentrations reached a maximum monthly average value of 783 μg/L compared to a one-time maximum measured value of 1400 μg/L during the period August 1953–December 1984. The Hadnot Point WTP also provided contaminated drinking water to the Holcomb Boulevard housing area continuously prior to June 1972, when the Holcomb Boulevard WTP came on line (maximum reconstructed TCE concentration of 32 μg/L) and intermittently during the period June 1972–February 1985 (maximum reconstructed TCE concentration of 66 μg/L). Applying the historical reconstruction process to quantify contaminant-specific monthly drinking-water concentrations is advantageous for epidemiological studies when compared to using the classical exposed versus unexposed approach.
Tripartite Motif 16 Inhibits the Migration and Invasion in Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Tan Hongwei , Qi Jin , Chu Guanghua , Liu Zhaoyang
Published: October 2016

Tripartite motif 16 (TRIM16), a member of the RING B-box coiled-coil (RBCC)/tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family, has been shown to play a role in tumor development and progression. However, the role of TRIM16 in ovarian cancer has never been revealed. Thus, in this study, we investigated
the roles and mechanisms of TRIM16 in ovarian cancer. Our results demonstrated that TRIM16 expression was low in ovarian cancer cell lines. In addition, overexpression of TRIM16 significantly inhibited the migration and invasion in vitro, as well as suppressed the epithelial‐mesenchymal
transition (EMT) phenotype in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, overexpression of TRIM16 greatly inhibited the protein expression levels of Shh, Smo, Ptc, Gli-1, MMP2, and MMP9 in ovarian cancer cells. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that TRIM16 inhibits the migration and invasion
via suppressing the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cells. Thus, TRIM16 may be a novel potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
ZNRF3 Inhibits the Invasion and Tumorigenesis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells by Inactivating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Wang Zhongwei , Wang Yali , Ren Hongtao , Jin Yingying , Guo Ya
Published: October 2016

Zinc and ring finger 3 (ZNRF3), which belongs to the E3 ubiquitin ligase family, is involved in the progression and development of cancer. However, the expression and function of ZNRF3 in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate
the role of ZNRF3 in human NPC. Our results showed that ZNRF3 was downregulated in NPC cell lines. Restoration of ZNRF3 significantly inhibited the proliferation of NPC cells and tumor xenograft growth in vivo. In addition, overexpression of ZNRF3 suppressed migration and invasion, as well
as attenuated the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in NPC cells. Furthermore, restoration of ZNRF3 obviously downregulated the expression levels of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc in NPC cells. In conclusion, these data suggest that ZNRF3 inhibited the metastasis
and tumorigenesis via suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in NPC cells. Thus, ZNRF3 may act as a novel molecular target for the treatment of NPC.
A MULTI-WAVELENGTH 3D MODEL OF BD+30°3639
Authors: Freeman M. J. , Kastner Joel H.
Published: October 2016

We present a 3D multi-wavelength reconstruction of BD+30°3639, one of the best-studied planetary nebulae in the solar neighborhood. BD+30°3639, which hosts a [WR]-type central star, has been imaged at wavelength regimes that span the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio to X-rays. We have used the astrophysical modeling software SHAPE to construct a 3D morpho-kinematic model of BD+30°3639. This reconstruction represents the most complete 3D model of a PN to date from the standpoint of the incorporation of multi-wavelength data. Based on previously published kinematic data in optical emission lines and in lines of CO (radio) and H2 (near-IR), we were able to reconstruct BD+30's basic velocity components assuming a set of homologous velocity expansion laws combined with collimated flows along the major axis of the nebula. We confirm that the CO “bullets” in the PN lie along an axis that is slightly misaligned with respect to the major axis of the optical nebula, and that these bullets are likely responsible for the disrupted structures of the ionized and H2-emitting shells within BD+30. Given the relative geometries and thus dynamical ages of BD+30's main structural components, it is furthermore possible that the same jets that ejected the CO bullets are responsible for the generation of the X-ray-emitting hot bubble within the PN. Comparison of alternative viewing geometries for our 3D reconstruction of BD+30°3639 with imagery of NGC 40 and NGC 6720 suggests a common evolutionary path for these nebulae.
Elementi per una biografia di Dominicus Gundisalvi
Authors: Polloni Nicola
Published: October 2016

Cette étude présente les principaux témoignages en notre possession, ainsi que les hypothèses émises par les historiens, sur la biographie de Dominique Gundisalvi, traducteur et philosophe actif à Tolède dans la seconde moitié du xii e siècle. La vie de Gundisalvi est reconstruite à partir des sources documentaires et des données glanées dans les ouvrages émanant de l’entourage de Gundisalvi. L’article pointe des détails importants concernant le séjour de Gundisalvi à Ségovie, tout en essayant d’expliquer les raisons de son installation à Tolède en 1162.
Mind over Matter : Aquinas’s Transformation of Aristotle’s Definition of « Change »
Authors: Loewe Can Laurens
Published: October 2016

Cet article présente une analyse de l’interprétation de la définition aristotélicienne du mouvement dans Physique III. 1 (201a10-11) par Thomas d’Aquin, notamment en avançant deux thèses. Premièrement, Thomas comprend le mouvement comme une actualisation de la potentialité d’être mu. Deuxièmement, nous montrons que d’après Thomas le mouvement est une entité semi-réelle, dans la mesure où le processus du mouvement est dans l’esprit de celui qui perçoit. Ces thèses nous mènent à conclure que Thomas d’Aquin ne reprend pas simplement la définition aristotélicienne du mouvement, mais qu’il la transforme.
Mesure du sol et géométrie au Moyen Âge
Authors: Gautier Dalché Patrick , Querrien Armelle
Published: October 2016

Au Moyen Âge, les rapports entre savoirs théorique et pratique dans la mesure des champs sont difficiles à appréhender. L’article examine d’une part l’évolution de la géométrie depuis les premiers traités de l’époque carolingienne jusqu’à l’apparition de la geometria practica , puis l’évolution de ce dernier genre, d’autre part la pratique effective des mesureurs telle qu’on la reconstitue à partir d’une documentation évasive. On observe que les techniques de mesure ne relèvent jamais de la géométrie savante, euclidienne ou pratique, malgré les tentatives de quelques savants à partir du xiii e siècle.
Innocent III et l’image : l’adaptation en figures du De missarum mysteriis
Authors: Hanne Olivier
Published: October 2016

Au début du xiii e siècle fut composée à Paris une adaptation sous forme de figurae du De missarum mysteriis du cardinal Lothaire, devenu le pape Innocent III. Entre le xiii e et le xv e siècle, onze manuscrits ont conservé cette œuvre originale qui présente quarante-deux schémas classant les caractéristiques de la messe selon l’esprit de système propre au Moyen Âge. Elle fut en outre accompagnée par la suite d’un texte heuristique permettant d’expliquer les ambiguïtés de certaines figures. L’article analyse et édite l’œuvre graphique ainsi que son texte explicatif.
Le Questiones de prophetia attribuite a Nicolas du Pressoir (ms. Madrid, 4008)
Authors: Rodolfi Anna
Published: October 2016

On présente ici l’édition critique des questiones de prophetia (1273-1274 env.) attribuées à Nicolas du Pressoir, tout en situant ce texte dans le contexte du débat du xiii e siècle sur la prophétie. Très proche des positions d’Albert le Grand, dont il reprend parfois les formulations à la lettre, Nicolas tient compte également d’autres auteurs (de Guillaume d’Auxerre à Thomas), ce qui lui permet de discuter, non sans originalité, quelques problèmes cruciaux liés au statut épistémologique de la prophétie et à son rapport avec la vertu et la foi. Les questiones de Madrid se présentent à la fois comme un document révélateur de l’état de la question à l’époque, et comme le texte qui conclut idéalement le « siècle de la prophétologie latine ».
Du dépistage du retrait relationnel au début des soins pour un petit garçon porteur d’une fente labio-palatine
Authors: Frochisse-Durizy Caroline , Medjkane François , Gavelle Pascale , Gall Jean-Yves , Delpierre Vanessa , Grollemund Bruno
Published: October 2016

Ce travail porte sur l’intérêt du dépistage précoce de difficultés psychopathologiques et évocatrices de retrait relationnel chez les enfants porteurs de fente labio-palatine (FLP). Dans le cadre d’un Programme hospitalier de recherche clinique multicentrique (PHRC), nous avons eu l’occasion de participer à l’évaluation du retrait relationnel par l’intermédiaire de l’échelle ADBB chez des enfants porteurs de FLP à l’âge de 4 et 12 mois. Un dépistage précoce du retrait relationnel a permis ici une prise en charge précoce et adaptée. Ce travail illustre aussi l’intérêt de la pratique de psychologie hospitalière et des dispositifs de pédopsychiatrie de liaison. L’enjeu de ce travail est de sensibiliser les équipes pluridisciplinaires des Centres de référence et de compétence prenant en charge les enfants porteurs de FLP à la question de la psychopathologie précoce dans ces situations.
L’influence du lieu de garde sur le style d’attachement de l’enfant à l’enseignant en petite section d’école maternelle
Authors: Champenois Aline , Tereno Susana
Published: October 2016

Selon la théorie de l’attachement, les soins de qualité prodigués dès la naissance par les parents ou leurs substituts permettent à l’enfant d’acquérir la confiance en soi nécessaire pour développer des compétences cognitives et sociales. Des méthodes ont été développées pour évaluer les différents styles d’attachement : sécure, ou insécure (évitant, ambivalent/résistant ou désorganisé/désorienté). La littérature met en évidence les facteurs influant sur le style d’attachement dans le mode de garde, dont l’organisation du mode d’accueil (désignation d’un adulte référent) et la relation de l’adulte à l’enfant et aux parents. L’étude est menée auprès d’un groupe d’enfants ayant fréquenté un jardin d’enfants ne désignant pas d’adulte référent et privilégiant la parole et l’écoute, comparé à un groupe d’enfants ayant fréquenté des crèches dans lesquelles l’adulte désigné comme étant en charge d’un enfant répond à ses demandes de contact corporel. La qualité de l’attachement des enfants est évaluée à l’aide du questionnaire PCV-P administré aux enseignantes de petite section de maternelle. Les résultats confirment l’hypothèse selon laquelle les enfants ayant fréquenté le jardin d’enfants tendent à présenter plus fréquemment un style d’attachement insécure que ceux du groupe témoin, probablement en raison de l’absence de référent stable et de contacts physiques. Cette étude illustre donc l’importance de l’organisation du mode de garde et la nature des soins dans la qualité de l’attachement des enfants à l’égard des adultes référents.
Le diagnostic précoce des troubles du spectre autistique (TSA) : contribution des études sur l’orientation sociale et l’attention conjointe
Authors: Franchini Martina , Gentaz Édouard , Schaer Marie
Published: October 2016

Le diagnostic des troubles du spectre autistique (TSA) est basé sur des observations comportementales et il est difficile à établir avant l’âge de trois ans. Pourtant, les premières années sont une période de grande plasticité cérébrale pendant laquelle les interventions thérapeutiques s’avèrent particulièrement bénéfiques. Le manque d’orientation sociale (par exemple, une réduction d’intérêt pour les yeux), se manifeste très tôt dans le développement des enfants avec un TSA. Plusieurs études ont démontré un lien entre le manque d’orientation sociale et le développement de l’attention conjointe (i.e. l’intérêt commun d’autres personnes pour un même objet). De plus, des déficits en orientation sociale et en attention conjointe ont des conséquences dans le développement sociocognitif des jeunes enfants. Ces résultats sont discutés dans une perspective neurocognitive et en lien avec les implications pour le diagnostic précoce et les interventions thérapeutiques précoces adaptées aux jeunes enfants avec un TSA.
Recension historique des travaux sur le développement gémellaire depuis les années 30 : focus sur le rapport de domination, le développement identitaire et du langage chez les jumeaux
Authors: Lamarque Marie , Paul Olivia , Troupel Olivia
Published: October 2016

L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner les connaissances acquises au sujet du développement gémellaire. A l’aide d’une recension historique menée entre 1930 et aujourd’hui, trois principaux axes du développement gémellaire sont traités. Deux d’entre eux portent sur le rapport de domination et le développement de l’identité gémellaire où une césure s’observe entre les travaux anciens et actuels quant à leur manière d’être appréhendés. Le troisième, inhérent au développement du langage, s’inscrit dans la continuité. Les deux approches le caractérisant sont menées en parallèle depuis les années 30.
La description du français calédonien : état des lieux
Authors: Pauleau Christine
Published: October 2016

Les travaux linguistiques sur la variété régionale calédonienne du français sont peu courants. Depuis les études de l’Université d’Auckland dans les années 60 (CNRS- Inalf  1983-1996) jusqu’aux descriptions lexicographiques (Pauleau 1995, 2007 & BDLP), c’est le domaine lexical qui est le mieux représenté : Pauleau (1995a) pose l’existence et la densité de la variation géolectale sur le terrain calédonien et l’illustre par un inventaire lexicographique qui, par la suite, est régulièrement augmenté (Pauleau 2007). La prononciation des locuteurs est néanmoins abordée avec notamment une enquête pour le projet Phonétique du Français Contemporain (Pauleau 2013) qui montre la persistance de la variation géophonétique. D’autres éléments encore, tel que l’imaginaire linguistique des locuteurs (Pauleau 1994, 2008), révèlent le français calédonien comme à la fois particulier et comparable aux autres lectes issus d’un processus de dialectalisation.
Les particularités du français calédonien (lexique, morphosyntaxe) et leurs enjeux sémantiques, pragmatiques et cognitifs
Authors: Bottineau Didier
Published: October 2016

Le français parlé calédonien présente un ensemble de caractéristiques cohérentes dans son lexique et sa morphosyntaxe qui n’ont rien d’anecdotique : elles illustrent la manière dont les modèles psychosociaux de l’interaction verbale dans une communauté constituée peut infléchir les usages au point de profiler la grammaire de leur langue au niveau même du système. En s’appuyant sur le paradigme de la linguistique enactive, cette étude montre comment une routine de l’interaction, mue par la subjectivité et l’émotion, impose à des faits de langue hétérogènes des ajustements innovants et convergents.
Semitendinosus Graft for Interspinous Ligament Reinforcement in Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Pham Martin H. , Tuchman Alexander , Smith Lance , Jakoi Andre M. , Patel Neil N. , Mehta Vivek A. , Acosta Frank L.
Published: October 2016

Proximal junctional kyphosis is an increasingly recognized complication following long-segment posterior spinal fusion for adult spinal deformity. The authors describe a novel technique for interspinous ligament reinforcement at the proximal adjacent levels using a cadaveric semitendinosus tendon graft secured with an Ethibond No. 2 double filament (Ethicon, Somerville, New Jersey) via the Krackow suture weave. A retrospective review identified 4 patients who had received this graft. No proximal junctional kyphosis was seen at a mean short-term follow-up of 5.5 months. Interspinous ligament reinforcement at the proximal adjacent level with a cadaveric semitendinosus tendon graft is a feasible strategy for preventing proximal junctional kyphosis. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(1):e206–e210.]
Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder in Youth
Authors: Kodish Ian
Published: October 2016

Functional neurological symptom disorder (FNSD) is characterized by motor or sensory impairments inconsistent with recognized neurologic conditions. Usually emerging in adolescence, somatic symptoms remain challenging for the physician to assess and treat. Also termed “conversion disorder,” FNSD has been recently reconceptualized with greater diagnostic emphasis on positive neurologic findings while eliminating the requirement for a precipitating stressor. This has broadened the initial treatment emphasis from mandating psychotherapeutic engagement to a more collaborative model that requires open communication of neurologic findings and strives to align with families' perspectives. Severe disorders necessitate a unified treatment approach from several clinical specialties, including behavioral approaches, and pediatricians may play a central role in the management of youth with FNSD as well as their families. Treatment engagement can be facilitated by validating the distress of the patient, providing resources to address diagnostic questions and parental concerns, and implementing shared goals toward rapid return to self-efficacy.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2016;45(10):e356–e361.]
Skills Versus Pills: Psychosocial Treatments for ADHD in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Schoenfelder Erin N. , Sasser Tyler
Published: October 2016

Although side effects and family concerns are common and long-term medication adherence is low, stimulant medications are a front-line treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Psychosocial treatments include classroom, family, and child-focused interventions that teach caregivers and teachers how to implement contingencies to shape behavior and provide children with skills to compensate for ADHD deficits. Such programs have a growing evidence-base and can be implemented alone or in conjunction with pharmacological treatments. The most efficacious psychosocial treatments for children with ADHD include Behavioral Parent Training, Behavioral Classroom Management, and Behavioral Peer Interventions, which all focus on contingency management by adults. Training interventions are increasingly used to teach organizational and interpersonal skills to children and adolescents. These treatments are found to improve functional outcomes associated with ADHD, including on-task behavior, compliance, academic performance, social relationships, and family functioning. Clinicians play an important role in educating families about psychosocial treatments for ADHD, increasing family motivation and engagement, and including these interventions in multimodal treatment plans for youth with ADHD across development.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2016;45(10):e367–e372.]
Reflections on the utopian mind
Authors: Burms Arnold
Published: October 2016

Utopianism aims at a global transformation in virtue of which both the external world and our own reality will develop in such ways as to be in greater harmony with our wishes. What utopianism does not take into account, however, is the existence of two important kinds of desire. In the first place, human beings have the need to react symbolically to what cannot be changed. In the second place, they also have a desire for recognition and for a significant life. With these desires, human beings have aims that go beyond morality’s protective ideals. Offering the example of transhumanism as a paradigm case of utopianism in our own days, the present article illustrates how utopianism ignores the fact that human beings indirectly desire that certain of their objects of desire remain beyond their control.
From Thomas More to Thomas Smith
Authors: Giglioni Guido
Published: October 2016

The emergence of the political sphere as an autonomous domain of human activity is considered to be one of the great achievements of Renaissance philosophy. The complementary autonomy of the economic sphere, however, was also shaping up in the world of philosophical ideas. In this article, I examine how the late medieval notion of moral economy was transformed in the hands of two illustrious representatives of Tudor and Elizabethan political thinking, Thomas More (1478-1535) and Thomas Smith (1513-1577). More specifically, I will show how, at a time of intense economic and social unrest, Smith’s A Discourse of the Commonweal of This Realm of England (1549) and De Republica Anglorum: A Discourse on the Commonwealth of England (written between 1562 and 1565) recast Morean utopian themes in a distinctively anti-utopian light.
The integrity of exacerbated ambiguity
Authors: De Mey Tim
Published: October 2016

Although Thomas More is an exemplary figure of both personal and moral integrity, his Utopia is not straightforwardly ‘integer’ in another meaning of the term, i.e., it does not unequivocally describe a ‘whole, intact or pure’ conception of the ideal society. Rather, Utopia is patently ambiguous and challenges the reader to disambiguate the narrative and to make up his own mind on how to construct the ideal society. In this paper, I analyze utopias and dystopias in general as evaluative thought experiments that appeal to our imagination and deploy possible worlds. Subsequently, I argue that More’s Utopia is a successful evaluative thought experiment that actually underscores More’s integrity, because by means of its exacerbated ambiguity, it both triggers and properly respects the deliberation and evaluation of the reader in his capacity as thought experimenter.
Excessive amount of lactose in the diet of two-week-old calves induces urinary protein changes
Authors: Dratwa-Chałupnik Alicja , Ożgo Małgorzata , Lepczyński Adam , Herosimczyk Agnieszka , Michałek Katarzyna
Published: October 2016

Abstract. The present paper was undertaken to analyse and identify urinary proteins that were significantly altered in urine of calves in response to short-term administration of milk replacer with lactose addition. We used 2-D electrophoresis combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation and time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Of all spots analysed, four showed significantly decreased abundance: alpha-1-antiproteinase (A1AT), serotransferrin (TF), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). One displayed an increased abundance: adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-citrate synthase. The changes in abundance of SHBG and CYP2E1 proteins were caused by the direct effect of an oversupply of sugar, while A1AT, TF and ATP-citrate synthase showed altered abundance probably due to indirect effects. The results of this study confirmed that calves' urine is a very precious biological material to evaluate the renal function, and it may be valuable in veterinary and zootechnical diagnostics.
30-year lidar observations of the stratospheric aerosol layer state
over Tomsk (Western Siberia, Russia)
Authors: Zuev Vladimir V. , Burlakov Vladimir D. , Nevzorov Aleksei V. , Pravdin Vladimir L. , Savelieva Ekaterina S. , Gerasimov Vladislav V.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. There are only four lidar stations in the world, which have almost continuously performed observations of the stratospheric aerosol layer (SAL) state for over the last 30 years. The longest time series of the SAL lidar measurements have been accumulated at the Mauna Loa Observatory (Hawaii) since 1973, the NASA Langley Research Center (Hampton, Virginia) since 1974, and Garmisch-Partenkirchen (Germany) since 1976. The fourth lidar station we present started to perform routine observations of the SAL parameters in Tomsk (56.48° N, 85.05° E, Western Siberia, Russia) in 1986. In this paper, we mainly focus on and discuss the stratospheric background period from 2000 to 2005 and the causes of the SAL perturbations over Tomsk in the 2006–2015 period. During the last decade, volcanic aerosol plumes from tropical Mt. Manam, Soufriere Hills, Rabaul, Merapi, Nabro, and Kelut, and extratropical (northern) Mt. Okmok, Kasatochi, Redoubt, Sarychev Peak, Eyjafjallajökull, and Grimsvötn were detected in the stratosphere over Tomsk. When it was possible, we used the NOAA HYSPLIT trajectory model to assign aerosol layers observed over Tomsk to the corresponding volcanic eruptions. The trajectory analysis highlighted some surprising results. For example, in cases of the Okmok, Kasatochi, and Eyjafjallajökull eruptions, the HYSPLIT air-mass backward trajectories, started from altitudes of aerosol layers detected over Tomsk with a lidar, passed over these volcanoes on their eruption days at altitudes higher than the maximum plume altitudes given by the Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program. An explanation of these facts is suggested. The role of both tropical and northern volcanoes eruptions in volcanogenic aerosol loading of the mid-latitude stratosphere is also discussed. In addition to volcanoes, we considered other possible causes of the SAL perturbations over Tomsk, i.e. the polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) events and smoke plumes from strong forest fires. At least two PSC events were detected in 1995 and 2007. We also make an assumption that both the Kelut volcano plume (Indonesia, February 2014) and smoke plumes from massive forest fires occurred in Canada (137 fires in the Northwest Territories, July 2014) and the USA (the Happy Camp Complex fire in California, August–October 2014), with equal probability, could be the cause of the SAL perturbations over Tomsk during the first quarter of 2015.
Functional classification of bioturbating macrofauna in marine
sediments using time-resolved imaging of particle displacement
and multivariate analysis
Authors: Lindqvist Stina , Engelbrektsson Johan , Eriksson Susanne P. , Hulth Stefan
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Activities by macrofauna may drastically alter rates and pathways of reactions in surface sediments during early diagenesis and numerous experiments have been designed to quantify the importance of bioturbation by individual species and faunal communities for element cycling in these environments. It is increasingly recognized that functional traits of fauna are critical for element transformations. An example of such functional trait is the capacity for particle transport across horizontal and vertical gradients in environmental characteristics. The present contribution describes a general procedure for functional classification of fauna using multivariate analysis based on a suite of experimentally derived variables for particle reworking. The relocation of fluorescently labeled particles (luminophores) added to surface sediments was quantified by side-view imaging during a two-week experiment incubating several common bioturbating species of marine benthic macrofauna: Glycera alba, Nephtys incisa, Lipobranchius jeffreysii, Scalibregma inflatum (Annelida), Brissopsis lyrifera (Echinodermata), Abra nitida, Nuculana pernula, and Thyasira sarsii (Mollusca) in thin glass aquaria. Multivariate analysis revealed groups of species with similar mode of reworking based on reworking variables associated with quantity and time (bulk), as well as vertical distance (depth) of particle transport. Most pronounced effects on bulk transport were found in the N. pernula, A. nitida and L. jeffreysii treatments, while only a limited quantitative capacity to relocate particles was observed in the T. sarsii and N. incisa treatments. Although stochastic patterns were observed for some species, a prominent capacity for vertical transport of surface deposited particles was demonstrated for the annelids and T. sarsii. From these results, three main groups of fauna with common reworking behavior were identified. B. lyrifera, A. nitida and N. pernula were species with only a limited effect on the vertical transport of particles. In contrast, while N. incisa and T. sarsii were able to relocate particles vertically, they shared a restricted capacity for bulk sediment transport. Despite high intraspecific variation, G. alba, L. jeffreysii and S. inflatum had the capacity for bulk and vertical transport of particles. Despite the challenge to generalize species functionality and reworking capacity of benthic macrofauna, our results demonstrated that time-resolved high-resolution imaging of particle displacement, in combination with multivariate analysis, provides a general experimental tool for functional classification of benthic macrofauna.
Using an integrated hydrological model to estimate the usefulness of
meteorological drought indices in a changing climate
Authors: von Gunten Diane , Wöhling Thomas , Haslauer Claus P. , Merchán Daniel , Causapé Jesus , Cirpka Olaf A.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Droughts are serious natural hazards, especially in semi-arid regions. They are also difficult to characterize. Various summary metrics representing the dryness level, denoted drought indices, have been developed to quantify droughts. They typically lump meteorological variables and can thus directly be computed from the outputs of regional climate models in climate-change assessments. While it is generally accepted that drought risks in semi-arid climates will increase in the future, quantifying this increase using climate model outputs is a complex process that depends on the choice and the accuracy of the drought indices, among other factors. In this study, we compare seven meteorological drought indices that are commonly used to predict future droughts. Our goal is to assess the reliability of these indices to predict hydrological impacts of droughts under changing climatic conditions at the annual timescale. We simulate the hydrological responses of a small catchment in northern Spain to droughts in present and future climate, using an integrated hydrological model calibrated for different irrigation scenarios. We compute the correlation of meteorological drought indices with the simulated hydrological time series (discharge, groundwater levels, and water deficit) and compare changes in the relationships between hydrological variables and drought indices. While correlation coefficients linked with a specific drought index are similar for all tested land uses and climates, the relationship between drought indices and hydrological variables often differs between present and future climate. Drought indices based solely on precipitation often underestimate the hydrological impacts of future droughts, while drought indices that additionally include potential evapotranspiration sometimes overestimate the drought effects. In this study, the drought indices with the smallest bias were the rainfall anomaly index, the reconnaissance drought index, and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index. However, the efficiency of these drought indices depends on the hydrological variable of interest and the irrigation scenario. We conclude that meteorological drought indices are able to identify years with restricted water availability in present and future climate. However, these indices are not capable of estimating the severity of hydrological impacts of droughts in future climate. A well-calibrated hydrological model is necessary in this respect.
Fruit and vegetable intake among college students in nitra - comparative study
Authors: Jurí­ková Tünde , Viczayová Ildikó , Mlček Jiří­ , Sochor Jiří­ , Balla Štefan , Baroň Mojmí­r
Published: October 2016

The aim of the study was to collect and analyse the frequency of fruit (fresh, dried, canned and nuts) and vegetable (fresh, tinned, legumes, soya) consumption in the group of 242 respondents aged 19 - 22 years-students of Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra; to evaluate differences according to field of study and language in which they study (Hungarian or Slovak) by questionnaire method. On the base of collected data it can be concluded that in general the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables can be considered as very low (only once a day) together with canned and dried fruit (nuts) and tinned vegetable (rarely). Furthermore, the majority of respondents took legumes only 1 - 3 times a week or rarely and soya had never been consumed. The statistically significant differences between college students of PEEH and the rest of assayed group of students had not been confirmed so the higher level of knowledge in health has not been connected with the higher consumption of fruits and vegetables. On the other hand, statistically significant differences have been proved between the following assayed groups of university students: RTH ↔ RTS (χ 7.90, p <0.05), J ↔ RTH (χ 9.99, p <0.05), J ↔ RTS (χ 10.00, p <0.05), J ↔ PEES - SK (χ 9.91, p <0.05). Statistically significant differences were assayed also in consumption of dried fruits or nuts among the following field of study: J ↔RTS (χ 9.48, p <0.01), RTH ↔ RTS (χ 12.57, p <0.05), RTS↔PEES (χ 8.19, p <0.01). Consumption of fresh vegetables was statistically different between the students J↔RTS (χ 9.95, p <0.05) and RTS ↔PEES (χ 8.19, p <0.01).
Filiação Adotiva por Pares Homoafetivos: Um Estudo do Processo e Significados para Famílias Protagonistas
Authors: Mota Missilene Menezes , Vargas Marlizete Maldonado , Vasconcelos Tatiana Torres
Published: October 2016

O presente trabalho objetivou conhecer o processo de adoção em famílias brasileiras homoafetivascuja prole foi advinda da adoção legal. A pesquisa qualitativa foi desenvolvida por meio dedepoimentos de pares homoafetivos, enviados pela internet, a partir de algumas questões disparadoras.Foram selecionadas para este estudo quatro famílias que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão eexclusão, calcados nos objetivos. Quanto aos resultados, apenas em uma delas os parceirosconseguiram adotar de forma conjunta. No que se refere ao perfil da criança desejada, observou-sebastante flexibilidade em relação ao sexo, idade e cor. A convivência inicial foi marcada pordificuldades de adaptação, porém na atualidade é significada como num estágio de superação dasdificuldades. As trocas de ensinamentos e a aceitação da autoridade dos pais ocorreramsimultaneamente ao estabelecimento e fortalecimento dos vínculos afetivos. Conclui-se que os sujeitospassaram por um processo de adaptação familiar semelhante ao já verificado em outros estudos sobreadoção de crianças maiores e que a orientação sexual dos pais exerceu pouca influência no processode formação das famílias.
Formação do Psicólogo, no Estado do Paraná, para Atuar Junto às Queixas Escolares
Authors: Facci Marilda Gonçalves Dias , Lima Eliane Da Costa , Firbida Fabiola Batista Gomes , Barroco Marina Beatriz Shima , Leal Zaira Fatima de Rezende Gonzales , De Lessa Patricia Vaz
Published: October 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é discorrer sobre a formação que os cursos de Psicologia do Estado do Paranáoferecem para que os graduandos compreendam e avaliem alunos encaminhados com dificuldadesescolares, tomando-se como referência a Psicologia Histórico-Cultural. Foram entrevistados 14supervisores de estágio na área escolar de sete instituições de Ensino Superior do Paraná. Comoresultados da pesquisa, constatamos que, na formação dos psicólogos, a compreensão das queixasescolares é vinculada a questões sociais, saindo de uma visão que culpabiliza os indivíduos peloinsucesso escolar. Entendemos que a formação deve levar os alunos a entenderem os determinanteshistórico-sociais que influenciam na apropriação do conhecimento e contribuírem para umaintervenção que promova o desenvolvimento máximo dos indivíduos.
Percepção de Alunos Superdotados, Mães e Professores Acerca da Aceleração de Ensino
Authors: Maia-Pinto Renata Rodrigues , Fleith Denise De Souza
Published: October 2016

O objetivo deste estudo exploratório foi investigar a percepção de alunos superdotados, do ensinofundamental, submetidos a procedimentos de aceleração de ensino quando frequentavam a educaçãoinfantil, suas mães e professores acerca dessa prática. Foram entrevistados 12 estudantes, 12 mães, 10professores de salas de aula regular e cinco docentes que atuavam em um programa de atendimento aalunos superdotados. Os resultados indicaram que a aceleração foi uma intervenção bem-sucedidapara os alunos, não acarretando perdas acadêmicas ou dificuldades socioemocionais nas sériesseguintes. Mães e alunos avaliaram positivamente a experiência de aceleração de ensino, ao passo queos professores se posicionaram desfavoravelmente, embora não tenham identificado problemasemocionais ou de desempenho escolar em seus alunos acelerados.
Estresse e Ajustamento Conjugal de Casais com Filho(a) com Síndrome de Down
Authors: Pereira-Silva Nara Liana
Published: October 2016

O presente estudo teve o objetivo de investigar estresse e ajustamento conjugal em 19 casais comum(a) filho(a) com síndrome de Down. As crianças tinham entre quatro e dez anos, sendo 11 do sexomasculino e 8 do sexo feminino. Utilizou-se o Questionário de Caracterização do Sistema Familiar,Dyadic Adjustment Scale em seu formato traduzido para a língua portuguesa do Brasil (Escala deAjustamento Diádico) e o ISSL para adultos. As mães são mais acometidas pelo estresse (n=11) doque os pais (n=7). Todas as mães percebem seu relacionamento conjugal como ajustado e somentedois pais o percebem como desajustado. Não foram encontradas associações significativas entreescores da EAD, sexo e idade dos genitores; e tempo de convivência do casal.
De Pais para Filhos: Modos Intencionais de Transmitir Valores
Authors: Pereira Melina Carvalho , Pedrosa Maria Isabel
Published: October 2016

Investigaram-se estratégias utilizadas por pais para transmitir valores aos filhos. Assistir a um filmeinfantil e simular sua recontação à criança foi o procedimento usado para introduzir nessa temáticadez pais/mães, com filho de 6 a 9 anos. Eles participaram de entrevista semiestruturada cujas respostasforam analisadas qualitativamente, revelando diferentes estratégias intencionais para transmitirvalores: instruir ativamente o filho; aproveitar notória motivação da criança e lhe agregar valor; eensinar pela experiência (ou privação dela) proporcionada ao filho. A recontação revelou-se umprocedimento adequado de pesquisa, pois os entrevistados realçaram ou minimizaram trechos doenredo para transmitir valores aos filhos ou comentaram que assim o fariam. Destaca-se o potencial dese explorar a temática sob o foco dos estudos intergeracionais.
Aplicação de Medida Socioeducativa de Semiliberdade para Adolescentes nos Contextos do Brasil e de Portugal
Authors: Dalla Porta Daniele , Sehn Amanda Schöffel , Siqueira Aline Cardoso
Published: October 2016

O comportamento infrator e a aplicação de medida socioeducativa na adolescência representam uma dimensão relevante de estudo. O presente artigo visou conhecer as características de duas instituições que atendem adolescentes em conflito com a lei. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, na qual foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 44 adolescentes, que cumpriam medida socioeducativa em regime semiaberto em Portugal e no Brasil. A partir da análise de conteúdo, verificou-se que as instituições pesquisadas diferem em seus modelos de funcionamento e regras internas, bem como nas oportunidades oferecidas aos meninos. Estes aspectos refletem as diferenças culturais, socioeconômicas e jurídicas desses países. Entretanto, ambas as instituições possibilitam a ocorrência de processos proximais, favorecendo o desenvolvimento dos adolescentes.
FAUNA E SUA RELAÇÃO COM ATRIBUTOS EDÁFICOS EM LAGES, SANTA CATARINA - BRASIL
Authors: Niederauer Pompeo Pâmela , Borges dos Santos Marcielli Aparecida , Pietro Biasi Josieli , Siqueira Silvane , Gonçalves da Rosa Marcio , Riviera Duarte Maluche Baretta Carolina , Baretta Dilmar
Published: October 2016

A fauna edáfica é sensível a perturbações ambientais e sua resposta pode indicar o estado de conservação do solo em locais com diferentes uso e manejo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a diversidade de grupos da fauna invertebrada e sua relação com atributos edáficos em três sistemas de uso do solo (SUS): Floresta Nativa (FN), Reflorestamento de Pinus (RP) e Campo Nativo Melhorado (CNM), no município de Lages, SC. A amostragem consistiu em três pontos distanciados entre si por 30 metros, estabelecidos ao longo de transectos, em cada SUS. Avaliaram-se os atributos físicos e químicos do solo e da abundância e diversidade da fauna, coletada pelos métodos Pitfall traps e Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF). Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística multivariada. Identificaram-se 1210 organismos do solo, pertencentes a 17 grupos taxonômicos, sendo, os mais representativos Collembola e Coleoptera, independente do SUS. A FN apresentou maior riqueza e diversidade da fauna edáfica em comparação aos outros sistemas. Os maiores teores de matéria orgânica e pH demonstraram relação com Oligochaeta, Enchytraeidae e Collembola. A umidade do solo contribuiu para explicar a abundância dos grupos em CNM e FN. Contudo, a fauna mostrou respostas diferentes na sua distribuição para cada SUS, logo, as variáveis ambientais podem limitar o estabelecimento dos invertebrados mais frequentes no solo. Os sistemas FN e CNM apresentaram melhores condições dos atributos edáficos e por isso maior biodiversidade, quando comparados ao RP.
COMPONENTES DE RENDIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO FEIJOEIRO COMUM SUBMETIDO À INOCULAÇÃO E CO-INOCULAÇÃO COM ESTIRPES DE Rhizobium tropici E Azospirillum brasilense
Authors: Schossler João Henrique , Meert Leandro , Rizzardi Diego Ary , Michalovicz Leandro
Published: October 2016

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência da inoculação e co-inoculação com bactérias do gênero Rhizobium e Azospirillum sobre os componentes de produção e produtividade do feijoeiro comum. O experimento foi realizado no ano de agrícola de 2015/2016 em delineamento de blocos casualizados com 5 repetições e 4 tratamentos: T1= Testemunha (sem inoculação); T2= Inoculação com Rhizobium tropici; T3= Inoculação com Azospirillum brasilense e T4= Co-inoculação com Rhizobium tropici + Azospirillum brasilense. Os componentes de produção avaliados foram: altura de plantas (cm), diâmetro do colmo (cm), número de vagens por planta, número de grãos por vagem, massa de cem grãos (g) e produtividade (kg ha-1). Os tratamentos com inoculação apresentaram plantas maiores e maior número de vagens por planta do que a testemunha. A inoculação, independente do microrganismo utilizado, aumentou a altura das plantas e o número de vagens por planta. A co-inoculação com Rhizobium tropici + Azospirillum brasilense apresentou a maior massa de cem grãos (25,33 g) e a maior produtividade (2448,45 kg ha-1).
AVALIAÇÃO DA TOXICIDADE DO COBRE EM DOIS SOLOS NATURAIS COM DIFERENTES FAIXAS DE pH – Uma abordagem com plantas e organismos edáficos
Authors: Zortéa Talyta , Testa Manuela , Da Silva Antonio Waldimir Leopoldino , Baretta Dilmar
Published: October 2016

O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar os efeitos da calagem na toxicidade do cobre, sobre a germinação de plantas e na biota do solo. Foram realizados testes ecotoxicológicos de germinação de sementes, nos quais foram utilizadas as espécies Avena sativa e Vicia villosa, bem como teste de fuga com organismos testes da espécie Enchytraeus crypticus. Os tratamentos consistiram em doses crescentes (0; 10, 40, 80, 160 e 320 mg kg-1) de sulfato de cobre (CuSO4), em Latossolo e Neossolo com pH corrigido e não corrigido. A exposição de sementes de A. sativa e V. villosa a doses crescentes de CuSO4 não expressou efeito tóxico na taxa de germinação (P>0,05), independente da correção do pH. Foi observado fuga significativa para o Latossolo já na primeira dose avaliada, enquanto no Neossolo também houve fuga significativa, porém, com variação das doses de acordo com a correção do pH. Deste modo, a contaminação de diferentes tipos de solos naturais com CuSO4 não afeta a taxa de germinação das sementes, mas apresenta alta toxicidade para enquitreídeos E. crypticus.