bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Risk Score to Predict the Frequent use of Emergency House Calls among Older People who Receive Regular Home Visits
Authors: Sun Yu , Iwagami Masao , Sakata Nobuo , Ito Tomoko , Inokuchi Ryota , Uda Kazuaki , Hamada Shota , Ishimaru Miho , Komiyama Jun , Kuroda Naoaki , Yoshie Satoru , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Iijima Katsuya , Tamiya Nanako
Published: December 2021

Background: Demand for home care services is increasing in Japan, and a 24-hour on-call system could be a burden for primary care physicians. Identifying high-risk patients who need frequent emergency house calls could help physicians prepare and allocate medical resources. The aim of the present study was to develop a risk score to predict the frequent use of emergency house calls in patients who receive regular home visits.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study with linked medical and long-term care claims data from two Japanese cities. Participants were ≥65 years of age and had newly started regular home visits between July 2014 and March 2018 in Tsukuba city and between July 2012 and March 2017 in Kashiwa city. A total of 4,888 eligible patients were randomly divided into a derivation cohort (n=3,259) and a validation cohort (n=1,629). The primary outcome was the frequent use of emergency house calls, defined as the use once per month or more on average during each observation period. We considered pre-specified variables, such as age, gender, medical procedure performed in home health care, long-term care need level, and medical diagnosis at the start of the regular home visit. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) method to select predictor variables. Results: The frequent use of emergency house calls was observed in 13.0% participants (424/3,259) in the derivation cohort and 12.9% participants (210/1,629) in the validation cohort. The risk score included three variables with the following point assignments: home oxygen therapy (4 points); care need level 4-5 (2 point); cancer (5 point). The area under the curve (AUC) in the derivation cohort was 0.708, whereas the AUC of a model that included all pre-specified variables was 0.729. The AUC in the derivation cohort was 0.708, showing moderate discrimination. Conclusions: This easy-to-use risk score would be useful for assessing high-risk patients and would allow the burden on primary care physicians to be reduced through measures such as clustering high-risk patients in well-equipped medical facilities.
DHCR24 Promotes Melanoma Stem-Like Cells Formation and Mediates Vemurafenib Resistance by Accumulating 27-Hydroxycholesterol
Authors: Zhong Feiliang , Chen Tingting , Liu Jia , Wang Ying , Yao Mingdong , Li Bo
Published: December 2021

Background: Melanoma is the most serious skin cancer with gradually increased incidence and poor prognosis mainly as the result of cancer stem cell (CSC) expansion and drug resistance. Some studies have suggested that dysregulated cholesterol homeostasis increasing tumorigenicity and metastasis in cancers. In the present study, our objective was to elucidate the contribution of 24-Dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR24) towards melanoma progression and drug resistance.Methods: Immunohistochemistry and HE staining were performed for determing the expression of DHCR24 in melanoma patients, lentivirus perturbation and functional assays were used to evaluate the ability of turmorigenesis of DHCR24 altered melanoma cells and melanoma stem-like cells. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and targeted metabolomics were carried out for identifying metabolites which contributes melanoma stem-like cell expansion and vemurafenib treatment resistance.Results: DHCR24 was over-expressed in melanoma patients while knockdown of DHCR24 blocked melanoma cells in S phase and lead to significant inhibition in proliferation and migration. Meanwhile, forced expression of DHCR24 promotes the growth of melanoma cells in xenograft mice. We further demonstrated that DHCR24 promotes the proliferation of melanoma stem-like cell populations by activating Rap1/AKT signaling and result in accumulation of cellular 27-Hydroxycholesterol (27-HC) contents. Next, we validated that both CYP27A1 and 27-HC administration contributed to melanoma stem-like cells formation and vemurafenib resistance through AKT-308/309 phosphorylation. Conclusions: Our data confirmed the oncogenic role of DHCR24 in melanoma stem-like cells proliferation and vemurafenib resistance by regulating 27-HC. These findings established the basis of targeting DHCR24 as a potential therapeutic target for advanced melanoma.
Salvage Techniques for Difficult Biliary Cannulation: A Retrospective Study of 1021 Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Cases in a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Maruta Shikiko , Sugiyama Harutoshi , Ogasawara Sadahisa , Sugihara Chihei , Ouchi Mayu , Kan Motoyasu , Yamada Toshihito , Miura Yoshifumi , Nagashima Hiroki , Takahashi Koji , Kusakabe Yuko , Ohyama Hiroshi , Okitsu Koichiro , Ohno Izumi , Mikata Rintaro , Sakai Yuji , Tsuyuguchi Toshio , Kato Jun , Kato Naoya
Published: December 2021

Although some salvage techniques have been developed to overcome difficult biliary cannulation in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), few reports analyzed the choice of techniques and their clinical outcomes in large cohorts. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of biliary cannulation in patients with initial treatment papillae. We retrospectively identified 1021 patients who underwent initial ERCP from January 2013 to March 2020. We investigated background factors, treatment details, success rates, and adverse event rates. Then we analyzed a series of treatment processes, including salvage techniques such as double guidewire technique (DGT), needle knife pre-cutting (NKP), and transpancreatic pre-cut papillotomy (TPPP). The initial ERCP success rate was 94.3%, and the eventual success rate was 98.3%. Salvage techniques were required in 380 of 1021 patients (37.2%), associated with long oral protrusion (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.80–3.15; p < 0.001). A total of 503 cases (49.3%) had long oral protrusions, 47.5% of which required the salvage techniques, much higher than 27.5% of not-long cases. Patients with long oral protrusions had a higher frequency of NKP. In conclusion, patients with long oral protrusions frequently required salvage techniques. Appropriate strategies and salvage techniques may help to overcome many difficult biliary cannulation cases.
Multi-Response Optimisation of Automotive Door Using Grey Relational Analysis with Entropy Weights
Authors: Chen Hao , Lu Chihua , Liu Zhien , Shen Cunrui , Sun Menglei
Published: December 2021

Tail-welded blanks (TWBs) are widely used in automotive bodies to improve structural performance and reduce weight. The stiffness and modal lightweight design optimisation of TWBs for automotive doors was performed in this study. The finite element model was validated through physical experiments. An L27 (312) Taguchi orthogonal array was used to collect the sample points. The multi-objective optimisation problem was transformed into a single-objective optimisation problem based on the grey relational degree. The optimal combination of structural design parameters was obtained for a tail-welded door using the proposed method; the weight of the door structure was reduced by 2.83 kg. The proposed optimisation method has fewer iterations and a lower computational cost, enabling the design of lightweight TWBs.
Safe femoral condyle range for the reverse Rigidfix femoral fixation device in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Luo Zhongliu , Hu Yong , Han Qingmin , Gao Zhi , Cheng Songmiao
Published: December 2021

Background: To determine the characteristics of cross-pin protrusion in patients treated with the reverse Rigidfix femoral fixation device for femoral tunnel preparation through the anteromedial portal in ACLR, analyse the reasons for this outcome, and identify safety hazards of this surgical technique for improvement. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent ACLR using this technology at our hospital in 2018 was conducted. Patients with and without cross-pin protrusion were included in the case and control groups, respectively. The sex, age and imaging characteristics of the patients with cross-pin protrusion were identified, and the reasons for cross-pin protrusion were analysed. Results: There were 64 and 212 patients in the case and control groups, respectively. The proportion of cross-pin protrusion cases was 23.19% (64/276). There was a significant difference in the ratio of males to females (P <0.001, χ2=185.184), the mediolateral femoral condyle diameter (case group, 70.59 ±2.51 mm; control group, 82.65±4.16 mm; P <0.001, t=28.424), and the anteroposterior diameter of the lateral femoral condyle (case group, 58.34±2.89 mm; control group, 66.38±3.53 mm; P <0.001, t=16.615). The cross-pins did not penetrate the lateral femoral condyle cortex in patients with a mediolateral femoral condyle diameter ≥76 mm, but the cross-pins definitely penetrated the cortex when the diameter was ≤70 mm. The cross-pins did not penetrate when the anteroposterior lateral femoral condyle diameter was ≥66 mm, but the cross-pins definitely penetrated it when the diameter was ≤59 mm. Conclusion: The patients with cross-pin protrusion after reverse Rigidfix femoral fixation treatment to prepare the femoral tunnel through the anteromedial portal in ACLR were mainly females with small femoral condyles. For patients with a mediolateral femoral condyle diameter ≥76 mm and an anteroposterior lateral femoral condyle diameter ≥ 66 mm, there is no risk of cross-pin protrusion, so this technique can be used with confidence.
Alkali Cation Effect on CO2 Electroreduction to CO: A Local Colligative Property
Authors: Shin Seung-Jae , Choi Hansol , Ringe Stefan , Won Da Hye , Choi Chang Hyuck , Kim Hyungjun
Published: December 2021

Converting carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable products is one of the most important processes for a sustainable society. Especially, the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) offers an effective means, but its reaction mechanism is not yet fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that cation-coupled electron transfer (CCET) is a rate-determining step in the CO2RR to carbon monoxide. The first-principles-based multiscale simulation identifies a single cation that coordinates a CO2− intermediate adsorbed on Ag electrode. The CCET is experimentally verified by a collapse of the CO2RR polarization curves upon correcting Nernstianly for a bulk cation concentration. As further confirmation, a kinetic study shows that the CO2RR obeys first-order kinetics on a local cation concentration. Finally, this work unveils that the cation effect on CO2RR originates from the local colligative property, and further highlights the importance of ion-pairing tendency for electrochemical interface design to achieve high-performance CO2 electrolysis.
Real-World Prescribing Pattern of Asthma Management in China: A Retrospective, Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Sun Jian , Wang Xin , Ma Xiaobin , Feng Yuyu , Wang Yajun , Wang Junren , Jiang Shujuan , Xing Chunyan
Published: December 2021

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airway that requires long-term medication management. Objective: To describe the real-world prescribing patterns for asthma management in the Chinese population. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 8,732 patients from January 2011 to September 2019 in 10 hospitals was conducted. Prescribing patterns of short-acting beta-agonists (SABA), long-acting beta-agonists (LABA), inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), intravenous corticosteroids, antihistamines, leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA), theophylline, antibiotics, and Chinese patent medicines were included in the analysis. Chi-square and logistic regression were calculated. A P value of <0.05 was considered as statistical significance.Results: ICS/LABA were prescribed for 2,940 (33.67%) patients with stable asthma and 141 (31.4%) patients with asthma exacerbations. LTRA was prescribed in 2,006 (22.97%) patients with stable asthma, and 86 (19.15%) patients with asthma exacerbations. Systemic antibiotics (46.1Z%), systemic corticosteroids (57.91%), and theophylline (51.45%) were frequently prescribed during exacerbations. A total of 5,766 patients (64.95%) were managed with traditional Chinese medication (TCM); 3237 patients (36.47%) received western medicine. Patients using ICS/LABA (P=0.019) and SABA (P=0.008) had a significantly lower rate of asthma exacerbations.Conclusions: This study provides valuable insight into clinical practices of asthma management in China. Poor adherence to clinical reports was identified. Efforts are required to improve the quality of asthma care.
Amelioration of oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by copper and flubendiamide in-vivo and in- vitro by potent antioxidants
Authors: Mandil Rajesh , Prakash Atul , Rahal Anu , Koli Swati , Kumar Rahul , Garg Satish K.
Published: December 2021

Present study was designed to assess the toxicity of copper @ 33 mg/kg and flubendiamide @ 200 mg/kg in vivo in male Wistar rats orally once daily for 90 days and protective effect of α-tocopherol, resveratrol, curcumin and catechin and in vitro cyto-genotoxicity in primary cell culture of thymocytes. In vivo study showed significant (p<0.05) increase in AST, total bilirubin and uric acid, creatinine and BUN levels while decrease in total proteins, GSH, SOD and GST levels and increased LPO and GPx with severe degenerative changes were observed in liver and kidney tissues in intoxicated groups. In vitro thymocytes were exposed to 40 µM concentration of flubendiamide and/or showed significant increase in TUNEL+ve cells, micronuclei, DNA shearing, and comet formation per 100 cells. Concurrent treatment with α-tocopherol in xenobiotics intoxicated groups showed almost normal values of the biochemical parameters and decreased LPO production and improved antioxidant enzymes activities and histoarchitecture of liver and kidney tissues suggest ameliorative potential of α-tocopherol whereas, resveratrol, curcumin, catechin or α-tocopherol in vitro decreased TUNEL+ve cells, micronuclei induction and comet formation and effect of antioxidants was concentration-dependent and their order of potency on equimolar concentration (10 µM) basis is: curcumin > resveratrol >catechin = α-tocopherol.
WITHDRAWN: Research on Emergency Material Allocation Mode of Sudden Disaster with Improved NSGA-II
Authors: Tao Ning , Jiayu Wang , Yumeng Han
Published: December 2021

Background:In order to solve the problems of redundancy, unfairness, low satisfaction and high cost of emergency material allocation caused by unreasonable allocation effectively in the case of sudden disasters, and minimize the economic cost, punishment cost and maximizing the satisfaction rate of disaster victims, a 3-level network emergency material allocation mode based on big data is proposed in this paper.Methods:Taking the loss degree and the dynamic change of material demand in the disaster stricken areas as constraints, the demand forecasting, scheduling optimization, targeted allocation and disaster victims' satisfaction model based on emergency relief materials is constructed. The Sample Average Approximation method and improved NSGA-II algorithm are designed to solve the problem.Results:Compared with the results obtained by the improved NSGA-II, the value is significantly reduced. From the fairness evaluation results of the two model distribution schemes, the model obtained by the improved NSGA-II is more suitable for the distribution of emergency supplies with fair distribution requirements.Conclusions:It can be concluded that the 3-level network allocation mode and improved NSGA-II can solve emergency relief materials allocation based on big data effectively. The next step is to design scheduling model with all feasible medical supplies allocation route to improve the practicability of the model.
LncRNA AC008972.1 as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Liu Jia , Wu Qijin , Song Ruiyu , Miao Wen , Ma Yuting , Yang Hongbao , Zeng Qingqi
Published: December 2021

Background: Prostate cancer is the leading cause of disease and death in men. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNA (miRNAs) and mRNAs networks mediate prostate cancer progression. Here, we aim to investigate functions of lncRNA AC008972.1/miR-143-3p/thousand-and-one-amino acid 2 kinase (TAOK2) in prostate cancer. Methods: The expression levels of lncRNA AC008972.1, miR-143-3p and TAOK2 are detected in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines by RT-qPCR. PC3 and LNCaP cells are used to establish lncRNA AC008972.1-knockdown, miR-143-3p-overexpressing, and TAOK2-down-regulated cells. Cell viability is examined by MTT and cell proliferation is detected by clone formation assay. Cell migration and invasion are tested by wound scratch assay and transwell chamber assay. The rate of apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein expression is detected by western blot assay. The target is validated by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and dual luciferase activity assay. A mouse xenograft model was conducted to investigate the oncogenic effect of lncRNA AC008972.1 on prostate cancer. Results: High expression of lncRNA AC008972.1 was associated with low overall survival in prostate cancer. Down-regulation of lncRNA AC008972.1 delayed prostate cancer process by inhibiting cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as altering protein expression，whereas cell apoptosis was markedly promoted. LncRNA AC008972.1 negatively regulated miR-143-3p expression and miR-143-3p overexpression promoted prostate cancer process in vitro. TAOK2 expression was decreased by miR-143-3p through the complementary targeting of TAOK2 mRNA. Down-regulation of lncRNA AC008972.1 mitigated prostate cancer process in vitro based on miR-143-3p/TAOK2 node. Furthmore, the data of xenograft model experiment showed that inhibition of lncRNA AC008972.1 suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions: Collectively, knockdown of lncRNA AC008972.1 inhibits prostate cancer cell growth based on down-regulation of TAOK2 induced by miR-143-3p. Here, we identify that lncRNA AC008972.1 exerts essential roles in the progression of prostate cancer and serves as a novel therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
How Much Obesity and Diabetes Do Impair Male Fertility?
Authors: Abbasihormozi Shima , Kohkan Azam , Shahverdi Abdolhossein , Parhizkar Amir , Vesali Samira
Published: December 2021

BackgroundSubfertility in obese and diabetic men during the reproductive age is evident, but the mechanisms by which obesity and diabetes mellitus cause male infertility are not entirely understood. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects and potential mechanisms of obesity and diabetes on male fertilityMethodsWe enrolled control=40, obese=40, Lean-DM=35, and Obese-DM=35 individuals. The obesity-associated markers, diabetic markers, hormonal and lipid profile, inflammatory indices, and semen analysis were assessed in four experimental groups.ResultsOur finding showed that diabetic markers were significantly increased in two diabetic groups, while obesity indices were markedly increased in two obese groups. Conventional sperm parameters were significantly lower in three groups compared with the control. Serum levels of total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin were significantly lower in men with obesity and DM compared with the control. There was a significant difference in the concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein among four experimental groups. Moreover, serum leptin was significantly increased in obese DM, lean DM, and obese groups. Serum insulin levels had a positive correlation with metabolic-associated indices and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, whereas it had a negative correlation with count, motility, and morphology. Conclusions﻿Our findings showed the metabolic changes, hormonal dysfunction and inflammatory disturbance might be suspected mechanisms of subfertility in obese and diabetic subfertile men.
Factors Predicting Cardiac Arrest in the Intensive Care Unit: A Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Sang Wentao , Pan Yuhui , Zhao Xue , Wu Shuo , Zheng Wen , Pan Chang , Zheng Jiaqi , Wei Shuxing , Zhang Yongsheng , Zhang Jian , Ma Jingjing , Chen Yuguo , Xu Feng
Published: December 2021

Background: Early detection and intervention of disease deterioration are the keys to reducing the incidence of preventable intensive care unit cardiac arrest (ICU-CA). We aimed to investigate the ICU-CA predictive factors, including vital signs and laboratory indicators, and to analyze the performance of trends value of those factors on predicting ICU-CA. Methods: We conducted a matched case-control study at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. Data on adult patients in ICU who suffered a cardiac arrest (CA) were retrospectively collected from 2016 to 2019, including vital signs and laboratory indicators at 48, 36, 24, 12, and 8 hours before ICU-CA. These cases were matched (ward, sex, and admission data) with controls (no ICU-CA) at a 1:2 ratio. Univariable logistic regression was used for statistical comparisons between cases and controls, and multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the independent associations of indicators and their tendency with ICU-CA at given time points. The area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) was used to evaluate the predictive performance on ICU-CA.Results: Of 6164 ICU patients, 1042 patients suffered an ICU-CA during the 3 years. After careful screening, a total of 427 patients were included as the cases in the study, and 790 patients were included as controls. The vital signs and laboratory indicators at 8h before cardiac arrest, such as heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), oxygen saturation (SaO2), hemoglobin (HGB), potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), lactic acid (Lac), and pH all can predict the ICU-CA. The mean value, maximum value, minimum value, and range of these indicators were related to the occurrence of ICU-CA, and the trend values were more accurate than the current value for the variability in laboratory indicators. Conclusions: The ability of trends value of laboratory indicators for predicting ICU-CA was more accurate than the value at given time points for the variability in laboratory indicators. Adding trends of laboratory indicators may increase the accuracy of models designed to detect critical illness in ICU. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04670458.
JAC1 Targets YY1-Mediated JWA/p38 MAPK Signaling To Inhibit Proliferation and Induce Apoptosis In TNBC
Authors: Zhai Zurong , Ren Yanlin , Shu Chuanjun , Chen Dongyin , Liu Xia , Liang Yan , Li Aiping , Zhou Jianwei
Published: December 2021

Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer with poor prognosis, and still has no adequate therapeutic target and ideal medicine. The public database and the relative studies have shown that low expression of JWA is closely related to the poor overall survival in many cancers including breast cancer. However, the precise biological functions and behind mechanisms of JWA in TNBC are still unclear.Methods: Both TCGA and GEO databases were used to confirm the relationship between expression levels of JWA and overall survival in TNBC cases. JAC1, an agonistic small compound of JWA gene, was used in TNBC models in vitro and in vivo. The routine cellular and molecular assays include CCK-8, colony formation, EdU incorporation, the flow cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, immune-fluorescence microscopy and reporter gene assays were conducted in this study.Results: Low expression of JWA was associated with poor prognosis in TNBC patients. JAC1 treatment inhibited TNBC cells proliferation and promoted apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. JAC1 specifically combined and targeted YY1 to eliminate its transcriptional inhibition on JWA gene. At the same time, JAC1 promoted ubiquitination and degradation of YY1. The rescued JWA induced G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in TNBC cells through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, JAC1 disrupted the interaction between YY1 and HSF1, and suppressed the oncogenic role of HSF1 in TNBC through p-Akt signaling pathway.Conclusions: We discovered for the first time that JAC1 is a YY1 targeting compound and maybe a potential therapeutic agent for TNBC.
Fuzzy Win-Win: A Novel Approach to Quantify Win-Win Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Hassanat Ahmad B. , Altarawneh Ghada A. , Tarawneh Ahmad S.
Published: December 2021

The classic win-win has a key flaw in that it cannot offer the parties with right amounts of winning because each party believes they are winners. In reality, one party may win more than the other. This strategy is not limited to a single product or negotiation; it may be applied to a variety of situations in life. We present a novel way to measure the win-win situation in this paper. The proposed method employs the Fuzzy logic to create a mathematical model that aids negotiators in quantifying their winning percentages. The model is put to the test on real-life negotiation scenarios such as the Iranian uranium enrichment negotiations, the Iraqi-Jordanian oil deal, and the iron ore negotiation (2005-2009). The presented model has shown to be a useful tool in practice and can be easily generalized to be utilized in other domains as well.
Determinants of Acute Respiratory Infection among Under-Five Children in Rural Ethiopia
Authors: Merera Amanuel Mengistu
Published: December 2021

Introduction: In low- and middle-income nations, acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality. According to some studies, Ethiopia has a higher prevalence of childhood acute respiratory infection, ranging from 16 % to 33.5 %. The goal of this study was to determine the risk factors for acute respiratory infection in children under the age of five in rural Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 7,911 children under the age of five from rural Ethiopia was carried out from January 18 to June 27, 2016. A two stage cluster sampling technique was used recruit study subjects and SPSS version 20 was used to extract and analyze data. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with a childhood acute respiratory infection. The multivariable logistic regression analysis includes variables with a p-value less than 0.2 during the bivariate logistic regression analysis. Adjusted odds ratios were used as measures of effect with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered as significantly associated with an acute respiratory infection. Results: The total ARI prevalence rate among 7,911 under-five children from rural Ethiopia was 7.8%, according to the findings of the study. The highest prevalence of ARI was found in Oromia (12.8 %), followed by Tigray (12.7 %), with the lowest frequency found in Benishangul Gumuz (2.4 %). A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that child from Poor household (AOR=2.170, 95% CI: 1.631-2.887), mother’s no education (AOR=2.050,95% CI: 1.017-4.133), mother’s Primary education (AOR=2.387, 95% CI:1.176-4.845), child had not received vitamin A (AOR=1.926, 95% CI:1.578-2.351), child had no diarrhea (AOR=0.257, 95% CI: 0.210-0.314), mothers not working (AOR=0.773, 95% CI:0.630-0.948), not stunted (AOR=0.663, 95% CI: 0.552-0.796), and not improved water source (AOR=1.715, 95% CI: 1.395-2.109). Similarly, among under-five children, the age of the child, the month of data collection, anemia status, and the province were all substantially linked to ARI. Conclusions: Childhood ARI morbidity is a serious health challenge in rural Ethiopia, according to this study, with demographic, socioeconomic, nutritional, health, and environmental factors all having a role. As a result, regional governments, healthcare staff, and concerned groups should place a priority on reducing ARI, and attempts to solve the issue should take these variables into account.
Barriers to Accessing Health Care for People with Chronic Conditions: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Schwarz Tanja , Schmidt Andrea E. , Bobek Julia , Ladurner Joy
Published: December 2021

Background: There is a growing interest in redesigning healthcare systems to increase access to and coordination across care settings for people with chronic conditions. We aim to promote patient-centredness by gaining a better understanding of the barriers faced by (1) children with chronic bronchial asthma, (2) adults with non-specific chronic back pain, and (3) older people with pre-existing mental illness/es while addressing the problem of fragmentation in Austria’s healthcare system.Methods: Using a qualitative design, we conducted semi-structured interviews face-to-face and by telephone with health service providers, researchers, experts by experience (e.g., patient advocates, family members/carers), and employees in public health administration between July and October 2019. The analysis and interpretation of data were guided by Levesque’s model of access, a conceptual framework used to evaluate access broadly according to five dimensions of accessibility to care: approachability, acceptability, availability and accommodation, affordability, and appropriateness.Results: The findings from the 25 expert interviews were organised within Levesque’s conceptual framework in four dimensions of barriers. They highlight the lack of coordination and defined patient pathways, particularly at the onset of the condition, when seeking a diagnosis, but also later on. Barriers related to issues such as geography (e.g., longer distances and travel times as well as fewer healthcare services in remote rural regions), coordination of care (e.g., structural barriers and inconsistent care pathways), socioeconomic status (e.g., the ability to pay for healthcare services but also basic health literacy), and comorbidity (e.g., consideration of the patients’ state of mental health and holistic therapy approaches).Conclusions: Barriers to healthcare access are of particular concern for patients with chronic conditions, resulting in an urgent need to improve health services according to patients’ specific needs. For health services to be properly accessible, timely and integrated care independent of social and economic resources, continuity of care, and significant improvements in patient-centred communication and coordination of care are paramount. This study has important implications for policy and practice as it highlights provider, expert, and researcher perspectives on access to the healthcare system in Austria and offers a broader look at the changes required by stakeholders in the future.
Effect of Direct Transcranial Stimulation by Continuous Current (Tdcs) in “Kiss Nightclub Fire” Patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Phase II Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Marcolin Kathy Aleixo dos Santos , Cunha Ângelo Batista Miralha , Yoneyama Beatriz Capparros , Ribeiro Tiango Aguiar
Published: December 2021

BackgroundVictims of disasters can develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 30-40% of cases. Application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) shown promising results in PTDS. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) similar to rTMS, which is a neuromodulation technique, has shown promise in treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.MethodA clinical trial conducted from March/2015-July-2016 in “KISS nightclub fire” disaster patients diagnosed with PTSD without complete remission of symptoms, over 18-years and who maintained pharmacological treatment. Electrodes positioned as cathode (right DLPFC) and extra-cephalic anode (contralateral deltoid muscle.) A current of 2mA used for 25cm² area (0.08mA/cm² current density) 30min once a day, for 10 continuous days. Patients were assessed pre-intervention, post-intervention, 30-days’ and 90-days’ post-intervention. PTSD Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C); Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-D and HAM-A) were used.Results145 subjects were initially screened and eight analysed. 87,5% were female. 30.88±7.74 years were the mean age (ranging 23-44). post-intervention results demonstrate: no cognitive impairment (MoCA); 60% reduction in HAM-D scale (patients diagnose as moderate depression turns normal diagnosis) (p <0.001); 54.39% reduction in HAM-A scale (moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety patients turns mild symptoms) (p<0.001) and 20% decrease in PCL-C scale values (patients with high severity symptoms of PTSD turns moderate to moderately high severity symptoms) (p<0.001). Improvement in PTSD symptoms were maintained 30-days post-intervention (PCL-C, p= 0.025) and improvement in symptoms of depression (HAM-D, p=0.006) and anxiety (HAM-A, p= 0.028) in 90-days post-intervention.ConclusionDespite decrease over time, this improvement in PTSD, depression and anxiety symptoms was maintained throughout the first month after treatment. tDCS adjuvant can be an alternative treatment to refractory PTSD, either as a monotherapy or as a treatment enhancement strategy. They can also be an option for patients who do not want or do not tolerate pharmacological management.RBR-2qpv74b, 01/07/2021, “retrospectively registered” 03/03/2015.
Biological activity studies on Klasea serratuloides (DC) Greuter & Wagenitz subsp. karamanica B. Dogan & A. Duran extracts obtained with different extraction methods
Authors: ERUYGUR Nuraniye , AYAZ Fatma , BAĞCI Yavuz , DOĞU Süleyman , DOĞRU Tuğsen , KOÇAK Merve
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities of methanol extracts prepared from Klasea serratuloides (DC) Greuter & Wagenitz subsp. karamanica B. Dogan & A. Duran with Soxhlet, ultrasonic extraction, and maceration methods. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl (DPPH) quenching assay and 2,2’-azinobis-3- ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) cation decolorization test were used to evaluate in vitro radical scavenging activity. The total phenolic content was determined with the Folin-Ciocalteu method while the total flavonoid content was evaluated by the aluminum chloride colorimetric method. According to the results, DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity and iron chelating activity of methanol of Klasea serratuloides were shown concentration-dependent manner. The extract obtained from maceration was found to be higher than the other extracts. It suggests that the maceration technique was more effective than the other extraction methods for the determination of the phenolic content. The methanol extract of KS using soxhlet (61.17 ± 3.62) and ultrasonic extraction (58.76 ± 1.46) showed higher inhibition than the extract prepared with maceration methods (34.54 ± 0.73) against BChE. All extracts displayed moderate inhibition activity against AChE. As for enzyme inhibition activity, the extract from soxhlet method was found to be more potent tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors than the other extracts prepared by ultrasound assisted extraction and maceration methods. The present study suggests that K. serratuloides should be given special attention to conduct further investigation for its phytochemical constituents that attribute to their antioxidant potentials, and enzyme inhibition activities.
İŞÇİNİN SAKALINI KESMEYİ REDDETMESİ NEDENİYLE İŞ SÖZLEŞMESİNİN FESHİ
Authors: TOLU YILMAZ Hazal
Published: December 2021

Her birey, düşünce, din ve vicdan özgürlüğüne, özel hayata saygı hakkına ve ifade özgürlüğüne sahiptir. Herkes kamusal hayatta dini inancı, siyasi görüşü veya dış görünüşüne ilişkin tercihlerinin bir sonucu olarak belli bir şekilde giyinmeyi, saçlarını boyalı, açık, uzun veya kısa kullanmayı, başörtüsü takmayı, traşlı ya da sakallı gezmeyi tercih edebilir. İş sözleşmesiyle çalışan bir kişinin, işyerinde de bu tercihini sürdürmek istemesi halinde, dış görünüşüne ilişkin seçimi çalışma yaşamına taşınmış olur. Çalışma hayatında ise işverenler, işyerinde tarafsız bir düzenin sağlanması, işin, işyerinin, işletmenin gerekleri, iş sağlığı ve güvenliğinden doğan ihtiyaçlar gibi pek çok nedenle, işçilerin dış görünüşlerine belli sınırlamalar getirir. En çok karşımıza çıkan sınırlamalardan biri de işçinin işyerinde sakal bırakmasının yasaklanmasıdır. İşyerinde sakal kullanımının yasak olması, fakat işçinin sakalını kesmeyi reddetmesi halinde, işverenin yönetim hakkı ile işçinin temel hak ve özgürlükleri arasında bir çatışma ortaya çıkar. Bu çatışmanın çözüme kavuşturabilmesi için, işçinin sakal bırakma hakkının hukuki dayanağı, bu hakkın işveren tarafından hangi meşru temellere dayanılarak sınırlandırılabileceği açıklanmalı, işçinin sakalını kesmeyi reddetmesinin fesih sebebi sayılıp sayılamayacağı ve bu halde yapılacak feshin türü her somut olaya göre değerlendirilmelidir.
Formation of Biofilms by Natural Microbial Strains in the Presence of Naphtalene and Anthracene
Authors: Sazykin I.S. , Sazykina M.A.
Published: December 2021

In this work, the effect of low molecular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), naphthalene and anthracene, on the formation of biofilms by the strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus VKPM B-10353, Pseudomonas putida, and Vibrio aquamarinus VKPM B-11245 has been studied. The intensity of biofilm formation (staining with crystal violet), the number of viable cells (staining with fluorescein diacetate), as well as the metabolic activity of microbial cells included in biofilms (XTT-assay) were assessed. It was found that the studied strains are characterized by different responses to the introduction of pollutants. The V. aquamarines VKPM B-11245 strain showed mainly a protective reaction; in the presence of the studied PAHs an increase in the total bacterial biofilm biomass was observed, as well as a decrease in the number of living cells and the level of cellular metabolism. The naphthalene concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2% caused a reduction of all studied indicators. The P. putida strain is the most resistant to the action of the examined PAHs: in the presence of naphthalene, an increase in both the total biofilm biomass and cellular metabolism was observed. Anthracene enhanced cellular metabolism in this strain, which allows considering the studied P. putida strain as potentially useful for bioremediation. The A. calcoaceticus VKPM B-10353 strain was highly sensitive to naphthalene; suppression of biofilm formation was observed, as well as a decrease in cellular metabolism at all studied concentrations. However, anthracene increased biofilm biomass and enhanced the metabolism, which may indicate a potential ability of this strain to degrade this PAH.

Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Pseudomonas putida, Vibrio aquamarinus, biofilm, anthracene, naphthalene

The research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of state assignment no. 0852-2020-0029 in the field of scientific activity.
Koumiss: Microbial Composition and Fermentation Characteristics
Authors: Laikova A.A. , Serezhkin I.N.
Published: December 2021

Koumiss is a traditional fermented beverage based on mare's milk. Various lactic acid bacteria, acetic acid bacteria and yeast take part in this fermentation. Microbial composition plays a key role in shaping of smell and taste of the product. The study of the microbial associations of koumiss and establishment of correlations between the microbiota composition and various product characteristics is a promising area of research. It contributes to the creation of more advanced starter cultures for industrial use. In this review, the main biochemical parameters of various types of koumiss are presented and the composition of the beverage microbiota is considered. Special attention is paid to the symbiotic relationships between microorganisms. The main stages of traditional, industrial and laboratory methods for koumiss production are discussed. koumiss, fermentation, lactic acid bacteria, microbial associations, starter culture
REFORMAS POMBALINAS E ADMINISTRAÇÃO JURÍDICO-POLÍTICA NA CURITIBA DO SÉCULO 18 (1769-1777)
Authors: Massuchetto Vanessa Caroline
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho buscou manter atenção a quais foram os reflexos na América Portuguesa das reformas empreendidas no Império Português durante o governo de D. José I, sobretudo sob mando do Marquês de Pombal. O objetivo fora o questionamento acerca do alcance dessas medidas, conhecidas enquanto racionalizadoras e modernizadoras dos aparatos jurídico-político-administrativos. Privilegiando-se o âmbito jurídico-administrativo, sobretudo as alterações intentadas pela Lei da Boa Razão (1769), buscou-se na documentação da Câmara Municipal da Vila de Curitiba reproduções dos elementos lançados enquanto inovadores ao período. O enfoque principal é dado às limitações interpretativas da cultura jurídica circulante no período bem como a configuração de um modelo de administração político-jurídica mais ativa sobre a atuação dos oficiais locais. O recorte temporal é o período entre 1769 e 1777, compreendendo, pois, o ano de publicação da supracitada lei e o fim do reinado de D. José I.
FRONTEIRA: TRÂNSITOS, SENSOS E DISSENSOS COMPARTILHADOS
Authors: Gediel José Antônio Peres , Mendes Barbosa Fernando Cesar
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o modo como as fronteiras são conceituadas pelas diversas áreas do conhecimento e pelo direito estatal. A pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória permite aproximar abordagens que concebem a fronteira não apenas como uma questão teórica ou metodológica, mas como uma realidade construída historicamente e socialmente significada e ressignificada por seus habitantes. Discute os efeitos que as ações do Estado causam sobre a compreensão dos habitantes a respeito da sua própria região e atividades. Examina as singularidades dos trânsitos fronteiriços que ocorrem na região da fronteira trinacional, formada pelo Brasil, pela Argentina e pelo Paraguai. Conclui, apontando para a necessidade de a fronteira ser tomada como território fronteiriço com dinâmicas sociais específicas e ações estatais que a reconheçam na sua especificidade e complexidade.
REGULAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL DO INVESTIMENTO
Authors: Bonnomi Natália Paulino
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo aborda a relação entre a regulação legítima ambiental e a expropriação indireta segundo as disposições contidas nos acordos internacionais de investimento. Para tanto serão analisados os principais parâmetros utilizados nos acordos internacionais a fim de distinguir uma medida de regulação ambiental legítima de uma medida expropriatória, apta a gerar o dever de compensação do investidor por parte do Estado receptor. A pesquisa desenvolvida por este artigo explora a contribuição da doutrina e de instrumentos internacionais sobre o tema. Conclui-se que não há um entendimento uniforme nos acordos internacionais de investimento sobre os limites entre uma medida regulatória ambiental e uma medida expropriatória, o que acaba por ensejar uma inconsistência sobre o assunto no âmbito do Direito Internacional do Investimento.
COLABORAÇÃO PREMIADA: APORTES TEÓRICOS E JURISPRUDENCIAIS, O CASO DO BRASIL E INSERÇÕES NO DIREITO COMPARADO
Authors: Gomes Fernando Soares , Barroso Ian Bernar Santos , Ravnjak Leandro Luciano Silva
Published: December 2021

Resumo: O objetivo deste texto é analisar o instituto da colaboração premiada. Trata-se de uma abordagem qualitativa operacionalizada pela pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com breve imersão em análise comparada. Observou-se que a colaboração premiada esteve presente em vários momentos na história e é um instituto que carrega imprecisões tanto sob o aspecto conceitual quanto classificatório, além do problema da dispersão normativa. No direito comparado, considera-se a Itália como pioneira quanto à utilização do instituto. No Brasil, a colaboração premiada recebe tratamento na perspectiva constitucionalista, utilitarista e probatória. Conclui-se que a colaboração premiada é instrumento em transformação, especialmente relacionado à sua sistematização conceitual e à sua unificação normativa.
Nanoscale Structures and Materials from the Self-assembly of Polypeptides
and DNA
Authors: Bernal-Chanchavac Julio , Al-Amin Md. , Stephanopoulos Nicholas
Published: December 2021

The use of biological molecules with programmable self-assembly properties is an attractive
route to functional nanomaterials. Proteins and peptides have been used extensively for these
systems due to their biological relevance and a large number of supramolecular motifs, but it is still
difficult to build highly anisotropic and programmable nanostructures due to their high complexity.
Oligonucleotides, by contrast, have the advantage of programmability and reliable assembly, but
lack biological and chemical diversity. In this review, we discuss systems that merge protein or peptide
self-assembly with the addressability of DNA. We outline the various self-assembly motifs
used, the chemistry for linking polypeptides with DNA, and the resulting nanostructures that can
be formed by the interplay of these two molecules. Finally, we close by suggesting some interesting
future directions in hybrid polypeptide-DNA nanomaterials, and potential applications for these
exciting hybrids.
A densidade de ideias e a complexidade gramatical na avaliação da produção escrita em português L2
Authors: Lopes Ângela Filipe
Published: December 2021

Advanced L2 written production assessment is difficult to quantify as are learning goals established for this competence in the same level. Correction is not enough. Quality in writing is expected to translate into lexical precision and richness, as well as sentence complexity. In order to measure these characteristics of sophisticated writing, Idea Density and Grammatical Complexity are proposed as assessment parameters as they were explored by Snowdon et al. (1996) and by Kemper et al. (2001) in the Nun Study (Snowdon 2001). Its adoption to the advanced Portuguese L2 learning context (C1/C2) underlied the study of sentences produced in two writing tasks: a synthesis and a writing prompt. First, results were highly variable due to the heterogeneity of the group of participants. Both measures were found to be correlated in both writing tasks, which led to the conclusion that participants who write with lexical precision and richness also produce higher complexity sentences. Lastly, the results confirmed that reading has an influence on writing quality, insofar as the students who usually read as the ones who got the highest scores in both parameters.