bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Himpathy and status: Attitudes to social hierarchy predict reactions to sexual harassment
Authors: Weaving Morgan , Haslam Nick , Fine Cordelia
Published: December 2023

In three studies, we tested whether hierarchical preferences could explain differences in punishment recommendations for sexual harassment. Building on research that suggests punishment is used to regulate social hierarchies, we argue that individuals who are motivated to maintain existing hierarchies will treat male perpetrators of sexual harassment with greater leniency, especially when judging perpetrators of high social status. Conversely, we predict that egalitarians—who are motivated to reduce group-based hierarchies—will judge male perpetrators more harshly, especially those of high social status. Given competing theories in the existing literature, we make no predictions about how perpetrator status will affect punishment recommendations overall. Supporting our hypotheses, we found that individuals high on gender system justification and social dominance orientation recommended more lenient punishments to perpetrators. Moreover, an integrative data analysis uncovered an interaction between social dominance orientation and perpetrator status. This interaction was primarily driven by egalitarians, who provided more lenient punishment recommendations to low status perpetrators when compared to high status perpetrators. Contrary to our predictions, we did not find strong evidence that individuals high on social dominance orientation provided harsher judgements to low status perpetrators. Nor did we find strong evidence for a main effect of perpetrator status on punishment recommendations. Taken together, these findings suggest that people punish sexual harassment to bolster or attenuate power structures. This is particularly true of egalitarians, whose emphasis on social equality leads them to judge high status perpetrators of sexual harassment with particular severity.
GARP and EARP are required for efficient BoHV-1 replication as identified by a genome wide CRISPR knockout screen
Authors: Tan Wenfang S. , Rong Enguang , Dry Inga , Lillico Simon G. , Law Andy , Digard Paul , Whitelaw Bruce , Dalziel Robert G.
Published: December 2023

The advances in gene editing bring unprecedented opportunities in high throughput functional genomics to animal research. Here we describe a genome wide CRISPR knockout library, btCRISPRko.v1, targeting all protein coding genes in the cattle genome. Using it, we conducted genome wide screens during Bovine Herpes Virus type 1 (BoHV-1) replication and compiled a list of pro-viral and anti-viral candidates. These candidates might influence multiple aspects of BoHV-1 biology such as viral entry, genome replication and transcription, viral protein trafficking and virion maturation in the cytoplasm. Some of the most intriguing examples are VPS51, VPS52 and VPS53 that code for subunits of two membrane tethering complexes, the endosome-associated recycling protein (EARP) complex and the Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex. These complexes mediate endosomal recycling and retrograde trafficking to the trans Golgi Network (TGN). Simultaneous loss of both complexes in MDBKs resulted in greatly reduced production of infectious BoHV-1 virions. We also found that viruses released by these deficient cells severely lack VP8, the most abundant tegument protein of BoHV-1 that are crucial for its virulence. In combination with previous reports, our data suggest vital roles GARP and EARP play during viral protein packaging and capsid re-envelopment in the cytoplasm. It also contributes to evidence that both the TGN and the recycling endosomes are recruited in this process, mediated by these complexes. The btCRISPRko.v1 library generated here has been controlled for quality and shown to be effective in host gene discovery. We hope it will facilitate efforts in the study of other pathogens and various aspects of cell biology in cattle.
On Dragon Hunt and Mutual Transformability after Samuel R. Delany
Authors: Mežimakov Marko Gutić
Published: December 2023

Taking Samuel Delany’s SciFi novel Stars In My Pocket Like Grains of Sand as a point of departure, in a joint effort with other artists we’ve labored a work which is at once a dance, fantasy, and a queer road film. Its protagonists, animated by the weirdening landscape of the Dalmatian Hinterland and enraptured by the sound of the conch shell, partake in the melding tradition of Dragon Hunting. An exploration in somatics, media translation, mimicry, and the sensuous, Dragon Hunt is a result of mutual transformability exercised between fellow artist friends and different machine learning algorithms.
Simple Principles – Complex Structures
Authors: Premuš Snježana
Published: December 2023

In 2012, I began to intensively research perception and physicality in the hyper-productive world of today, including the related questions of perceiving one’s own body, the body of the other, and the relationship towards the environment. Applying somatic dance systems, I focused on studying socio-choreographic situations, observing body writing and perception images, doing reflections with various (target) audiences and experts, and generating specific scores and presentation formats.
Choreographic Historicizing of Contemporary Dance and its Predicaments
Authors: Vevar Rok
Published: December 2023

In his article, Rok Vevar takes a closer look at some recent events that communicate the history of dance expressionism and modernism in Slovenia. In doing so, he critically interrogates both the memoiristic and self-documentary, i.e. private, nature of the historicization of expressive dance, as well as the loose referentiality of choreographic production.
High dietary cation and anion difference formulation increased heat dissipation in non-lactating goats fed at high ambient temperature
Authors: Nguyen Thiet , Chaiyabutr Narongsak , Semsirmboon Sapon , Chanpongsang Somchai , Thammacharoen Sumpun
Published: December 2023

Background and Aim: In our previous study, we observed that a high dietary cation and anion difference (DCAD) of 40 mEq/kg dry matter (DM) in the diets of lactating dairy goats increased heat dissipation. In the present study, we believe that the level of DCAD fed to non-lactating and non-pregnant goats was twice as high as that fed to lactating goats in our previous study. This increase could have resulted in a greater water balance due to increased intake of water and unchanged urinary excretion. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the behavioral and heat dissipation effects of a dietary shift from low to high DCAD levels in dairy goats under tropical conditions.

Materials and Methods: Seven non-lactating and non-pregnant crossbred goats were used in this study. All animals were initially fed a low DCAD (15 mEq/100 g DM) diet from days 0-6 and then switched to a high DCAD (89 mEq/100 g DM) diet from day 7 (high DCAD-7) to day 18 (high DCAD-18).

Results: The results revealed that a high DCAD increased DM intake from days 13-18 (p < 0.05). The larger daily meal size associated with the high DCAD-18 group was due to increased daytime meal sizes, not nighttime when compared to the low DCAD group. Dietary cation and anion difference supplementation did not affect daily water intake; however, drinking patterns differed between the low DCAD group and the high DCAD-7 group from 07:00 to 09:00 and during nighttime. Similarly, daily urine volume was unaffected by DCAD supplementation, but urinary patterns differed between the low DCAD and high DCAD-18 groups. The daily water balance remained unchanged across all treatments, yet, a higher morning water balance was observed in the high DCAD group. The high DCAD diet led to an increase in respiration rate and rectal temperature compared to the low DCAD diet.

Conclusion: The observed eating, drinking, and urinary patterns collectively suggested that high DCAD supplementation mitigates the effects of heat stress in non-lactating goats fed at high ambient temperatures.

Keywords: dietary cation-anion difference, goats, meal pattern, physiological responses, water balance.
Efficient delivery of the immunodominant genes of African swine fever virus by adeno-associated virus serotype 2
Authors: Ravilov Rustam , Galeeva Antonina , Frolov Gennadiy , Efimova Marina , Zakirova Elena , Rizvanov Albert , Hisamutdinov Almaz , Garipov Lenar , Mingaleev Danil
Published: December 2023

Background and Aim: Adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) represents a promising basis for developing a virus-vector vaccine against African swine fever (ASF). This study aimed to create genetic constructs based on AAV2 to deliver the immunodominant genes of ASF virus (ASFV) and to evaluate their functionality in vitro. The efficiency and specificity of transgene expression, as well as their non-toxicity in cells of target animals, were evaluated.

Materials and Methods: Bioinformatics analysis methods were used to identify the immunodominant genes of ASFV. The target genes B646L, E183L, CP204L, and CP530R were identified and subsequently cloned into the pAAV-MCS vector. Assembly of recombinant AAV2 (rAAV2) was performed by cotransfection of AAV293 cells with the following plasmids: pAAV-MCS with the gene of interest, envelope, and packaging. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the AAV2 titer. The functionality of the constructs was evaluated in HEK293 and SPEV cells by determining the presence of mature proteins in the cell lysate and the expression levels of messenger RNA. The specificity of the target proteins in cell lysates was confirmed by Western blotting.

Results: The proposed AAV2 assembly protocol makes it possible to achieve a concentration of mature viral particles of at least 280 billion/mL of virus-containing material. The rAAV2 could effectively transduce host SPEV cells. The expression of both cistrons was detectable during the transduction of cells; therefore, the combined expression of immunogens in the cells of target animals should be possible using this method.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated the potential of using genetic constructs based on AAV2 for the delivery of ASFV genes in vitro.

Keywords: adeno-associated virus, African swine fever virus, gene delivery, virally vectored vaccine.
Tusnádfürdő ismertségének és turisztikai keresletének alakulása, különös tekintettel a Fortuna Eco Boutique Hotel vendégösszetételére, marketing- és menedzsmenttevékenységére
Authors: Balog Viktória , Behringer Zsuzsanna
Published: December 2023

Jelen tanulmány az Erdélyben található Tusnádfürdő település jelenlegi turisztikai helyzetét és jövőbeli továbbfejlesztési lehetőségeit vizsgálja, kiemelt figyelmet fordítva a Fortuna Eco Boutique Hotel menedzsment- és marketingtevekénységére. Tusnádfürdő a magyarországi turisták körében egyre népszerűbb desztináció, egyrészt a minden évben megrendezésre kerülő Tusványos Bálványosi Nyári Szabadegyetem és Diáktábor miatt, másrészt nagy hagyományokkal rendelkező gyógyfürdője, természeti szépsége, fejlődő infrastruktúrája, turisztikai látványosságai és egyéb programlehetőségei vonzó célponttá teszik a belföldi és a külföldi turisták körében. A feltáró jellegű kutatás online kvantitatív megkérdezés útján, két nyelven (magyarul és románul) került lebonyolításra. Ezen túlmenően kvalitatív kutatás keretében Tusnádfürdő polgármesterével és a Fortuna Eco Boutique Hotel tulajdonos-üzemeltetőjével készült interjú tárta fel a jelenlegi helyzetet. Tanulmányunk az eredmények alapján próbál válaszokat adni a jövő kihívásaira mind a település, mind a szálloda vonatkozásában.
A DESCONSTRUÇÃO DA DISCIPLINA ESCOLAR BIOLOGIA NA EDUCAÇÃO SEXUAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Moura Thiago de Souza
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho dialoga com a educação sexual e seus desdobramentos na escola. A pesquisa consiste em uma análise documental associada a fatos do cotidiano e a pesquisa bibliográfica em eventos científicos acerca do tema. Os fatos do cotidiano e os artigos levantados apresentam a escola como lugar potencial para abordagem de uma educação sexual crítica, emancipatória e plural para todos. Entretanto, isso não quer dizer, que o dever de casa tenha sido feito, pois a mesma escola que poderia aprofundar considerações sobre o assunto, pode também reproduzir em seus bastidores práticas discriminatórias, excludentes e reducionistas em relação a educação sexual nesse lugar. A diversidade sexual: principalmente, a transexualidade, as sexualidades e os estudos de gênero têm apresentado contribuições significativas como parte das mudanças nesse processo. Desse modo, a educação sexual ganha espaço na disciplina escolar Biologia como um lugar de desconstrução potente para debates e reflexões na escola.
Association of Nurses’ Autonomy and Perception Toward Electronic Health Records with Decision-making
Authors:   Jordan University of Science and Technology, Rababa Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Background: Nurses with valid and reliable clinical data documentation can make autonomous decisions about their patients' management or treatment options. Purpose: To examine the association of nurses’ autonomy and perception toward electronic health records with decision-making. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample size of 120 nurses with six months of clinical experience working in a medical/surgical unit in two hospitals in Amman, the capital of Jordan. Results: Nurses' perceived patient care autonomy scores correlated significantly and positively with their decision-making modes (p < 0.010). Similarly, nurses' perceived unit operation autonomy scores correlated significantly and positively with the nurses' decision-making modes (p < 0.010). Nurses with an analytical decision-making mode reported higher autonomy scores than those with an intuitive decision-making mode (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study found significant differences in the nurses’ levels of autonomy based on their decisionmaking modes. Also, there was a significant association between nurses’ autonomy levels and their decision-making modes. Future research is recommended to improve nurses’ levels of autonomy to empower and inform their clinical decisions, thus improving patients' clinical outcomes. Implications for Nursing: Future interventional research should be directed to improve the decision-making skills of Jordanian nurses by enhancing their autonomy and control over practice. Also, future qualitative research is recommended to examine perceived nurses' role ambiguity and conflict in Jordan. Keywords: Autonomy, Perception toward electronic health records, Decision-making, Nurses.
Fibre Dynamics in the Revolving-Flats Card Part II
Authors: Dehghani A. , Lawrence C. A. , Mahmoudi M. , Greenwood B. , Iype C.
Published: December 2023

High-speed photography was used to investigate the state of fibres during the short-staple carding process. Image processing was employed to investigate the flow uniformity and the degree of opening and fibre individualisation of the fibre mass. The results showed that there is a considerable mass flow variation at the taker-in stage and at the back of the cylinder. Due to the carding action between the cylinder and the revolving flats, most tuftlets are separated into individual fibres, but some remain as micro tuftlets and are transferred to the doffer. With the increased discretisation the fibre mass becomes more uniformly distributed at the front of the cylinder. However, on the doffer the mass flow variation increases, which suggests that the transfer is not a uniform action. The angle of orientation of fibres was measured at the taker-in, at the front of the cylinder after the revolving flats and at the doffer stage. It was found that the fibres are highly orientated at the front of the cylinder. However, after the transfer region the degree of orientation of the fibres on the doffer decreases. In order to establish an understanding of the state of individual fibres, the change in the crimp level of fibres during the process was studied. It may be assumed that crimp level is directly related to the forces applied to the fibres. The results showed that the fibres at the front of the cylinder are subjected to more tension as compared to the fibres at the taker-in stage. A study was also carried out on the effect of the boundary layer around the cylinder by directly measuring the speed of individual fibres at the front of the cylinder. This study showed that the majority of the fibres are hooked to the cylinder wires and travel at the speed of the cylinder surface.
ANALYSIS OF YARN TWIST FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Rosiak Dominika , Przybył Krystyna
Published: December 2023

An analysis of models (presented in available world literature) for the twist of multi-folded threads consisting of two component fibre streams (doubled thread, doubled yarn) is discussed. The possibility of forecasting the twist value of the component streams for an accepted twist value of the multi-folded thread is considered.
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS: PET – NANOCOMPOSITES’ FIBRES
Authors: Kim Bohwon , Koncar Vladan , Devaux Eric
Published: December 2023

Researches in the field of conductive polymers have attracted considerable attention for more then 20 years. Among the conductive polymers, polyaniline and polypyrrole have drawn considerable interest because of their economical importance, good environmental stability and satisfactory electrical conductivity when doped. On the other hand, electrically conductive materials such as aluminium powder, graphite and carbon nanotubes have very interesting conductive properties and are promising in the synthesis of new composite conductive materials. In almost all studies, conducting polymer films are developed and then electrical and mechanical properties are tested. In our paper, the conducting polymer fibres have been obtained by melt mixing and chemical coating on the fibres. Different conductive materials have been used in order to obtain conductive polypropylene-based fibres with specific electrical and mechanical properties. The electric conductivity and morphological characteristics of these fibres have been investigated and the results are discussed. The originality of our approach lies in our having created conductive fibres based on conductive polymers. These fibres are intended for use in creating conductive yarns and realising connections in smart clothing, or producing conductive fabrics which can be used as electromagnetic shields. These developments have been carried out in order to create new multifunctional textile structures for different applications in the field of intelligent and communication apparel or other similar branches.
INTEREST OF A COMPOUND YARN TO IMPROVE FABRIC PERFORMANCE
Authors: Ferreira Manuela , Bourbigot Serge , Flambard Xavier , Vermeulen Bernard , Poutch Franck
Published: December 2023

The market for protective clothing is growing in many fields, including flame resistance clothing, cut-resistance gloves and so on. High-performance fibres such as aramides are known to be flameproof and resistant to mechanical impacts, but they are sensitive to UV.The purpose of this study was to produce compound yarns with the advantageous properties of aramides and insensitive against UV radiation. We obtained such yarns by means of a friction process (FEHRER), a non-conventional spinning process. The yarn obtained, denoted as DREF yarn, developed by us is a combination of wool and poly-pphenylenediamine- terephtalamide fibres (Kevlar®29). The compound yarn is composed of a core in Kevlar® yarn, coated by wool fibres. The DREF yarns were then knitted; the articles obtained have interesting properties such as flame retardancy, good-handle, cutting resistance, and are also UV-resistant.
YARN TWISTING
Authors: Palaniswamy Kolandaisamy , Mohamed Peer
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The mechanism of twist insertion to the strand during ring spinning has been studied. The
twisting of the strand occurs not only due to the rotation of twisting elements, but also due
to the winding of yarn on the package. When the yarn is wound on a stationary cop by
gripping and winding the yarn by hand, for every coil of yarn wind one turn of twist to the
yarn is inserted. But the same yarn is over-end withdrawn from the cop, and all twists
inserted during winding are removed during unwinding. Over-end unwinding rotates the
yarn in the opposite direction. Since the yarn from the cop is over-end withdrawn during
winding, the spindle speed is taken for calculating the twist in the yarn, whereas the flyer
speed is taken for calculating twist in the roving due to the parallel unwinding of roving
during spinning.
A STUDY OF THE DEGREE OF BREAKAGE OF GLASS FILAMENT YARNS DURING THE WEFT KNITTING PROCESS
Authors: Hu Hong , Zhu Mei
Published: December 2023

In this paper, the degree of breakage of glass filament yarns during the weft knitting process is studied. A quantitative method used for assessing the degree of glass filament breakage is proposed, and the effects of different factors such as cam setting, knitted structures and yarn parameters are analysed. The experimental results show that an optimum cam setting exists at which the degree of filament breakage is minimum.
DYNAMIC CLOTH FELL MOVEMENT. Part II: New measuring device
Authors: Azzam Hisham A. , Büsgen Alexander
Published: December 2023

A new flexible cloth fell movement measuring device, hereafter referred to as the ‘needlemechanical device’, has been developed to facilitate the use, for the first time, of a measuring position just 2 millimetres from the cloth fell. In addition, the experimental setup was built in a combination between the needle-mechanical device and the Weave Master to record the dynamic cloth fell’s movement cycles on-loom. The results of these measurements were analysed and discussed in the light of the theory developed in part I.
ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF NEURAL MODELS USING A MODEL OF FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF FABRICS AS AN EXAMPLE
Authors: Tokarska Magdalena
Published: December 2023

In this article, a method for assessing the quality of now-widespread neuron models is presented. Attention has been paid to the significance of analysing individual input quantities in the model constructed. Then, the parameters which are quantitative measures of the neural model’s quality have to be specified. The need for structural verification of the network is stressed, which is the basis for stating that the neural model obtained has been well matched with the investigation results. The assessment of the neural model’s quality has been shown, using a model of the flow characteristics of fabrics as an example.
MOISTURE TRANSMISSION THROUGH TEXTILES
Authors: Das Brojeswari , Das A. , Kothari V. K. , Fangueiro R. , Araújo M. de
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The moisture transmission behaviour of a clothing assembly plays a very important role
in influencing its efficiency with respect to thermophysiological body comfort. This paper
is in two parts. Part I deals with the processes involved in moisture transmission and the
factors at play. Part II is concerned with selecting the measurement techniques which
are of great importance in determining fabric factors that influence comfort. The
instruments and methods used for testing purposes should adequately simulate the exact
conditions for which the fabric will be used, in order to determine the effectiveness of that
fabric for a particular wearing situation and environmental condition. The testing methods
used and the apparatus developed by different researchers for determining moisture
transmission through textiles by different mechanisms are discussed in this paper.
Moreover, this part of the paper deals with the mathematical models of liquid and vapour
transport through textile materials developed by several scientists in order to understand
the exact phenomena involved and to predict the factors affecting the transmission under
a particular condition.
PATENT STATISTICS ON THE WORLD TEXTILE INDUSTRY AND A LOOK AT GERMANY'S POSITION
Authors: Hausding Jan , Cherif Chokri
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Some studies suggest that the number of patent applications can be used as an indicator to quantify the
potential for innovation of industry sectors such as the textile industry. This paper shows the distribution of
worldwide economic power and patent applications be-tween 1978 and 2004 in the textile and textile machinery
industry based on the example of Germany. The number of patent applications from the textile sector is compared
to that of other industries. Subsequently, the patent statistics are broken down into individ-ual enterprises with
outstanding numbers of applications, as well as to individual coun-tries and branches within the textile industry.
A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR WOOL CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Dlodlo Nomusa , Hunter Lawrance , Cele Cyprian , Botha Anton F. , Metelerkamp Roger
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This paper presents the concepts and development of an intelligent system that integrates both a decision
support system (DSS) and an expert system (ES) to provide guidance to the decision-maker during the wool
grading and classification process. Although uniformity of wool grading can be achieved easily on the basis of
quantifiable characteristics such as fibre diameter, staple length and strength, and vegetable matter and content
by using an expert system, some other characteristics which are not quantifiable such as the type of vegetable
matter, the weathering of the fibre, crimp definition, matting of the fibre and the appearance of the wool have to
be judged through the eyes of the human expert. It is for this reason that the intelligent system incorporates the
additional component of a decision support system to enable the human component to come into play.
FLAT KNITTING OF A LIGHT EMITTING TEXTILE WITH OPTICAL FIBRES
Authors: Oscarsson Linda , Jacobsen Heimdal Elisabeth , Lundell Torbjörn , Peterson Joel
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Knitted products have a flexibility that offers many attractive possibilities. Combined with technical fibres, this
gives interesting and innovative possibilities. Many technical fibres and yarns has however properties such as
high stiffness and brittleness which are difficult to process in the practice of weft knitting. This paper is about the
experimental product development of a light radiating textile lamp in which optical fibres are used as the only
illumination source. The lampshade is produced on an electronic flat knitting machine with special equipment
suitable for the feeding of yarn with high stiffness. The work was divided in two parts: exploring the possibilities
to knit the desired shape on one hand and experimenting about knitting with optical fibres as a weft insertion on
the other hand. The method is an inductive approach; a literature survey, information from suppliers of knitting
production equipment and experimental work on a flat knitting machine at The Swedish School of Textiles,
Boras, Sweden. Results show that the diamond shaped structure can be knitted in one piece with transparent
monofilament yarns. Furthermore it also shows that difficulties occur when knitting with stiff and brittle optical
fibres therefore the paper ends with a discussion with suggestions of how to overcome these challenges.
THE INFLUENCE OF INDUSTRIAL FINISHING TREATMENTS AND THEIR SUCCESSION ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DENIM GARMENT
Authors: Khedher Faouzi , Dhouib Soufien , Msahli Slah , Sakli Faouzi
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The principal aim of this work is to study the effect of matter, types of launderings (stone wash, enzyme wash,
mixed wash and rinse), special treatments applied during the manufacturing process of garment washing
(brushing, sanding, resin-treatment, bleach-treatment, permanganate-spray and softening) and their succession
on the fabric mechanical properties: Tear strength (T. S) and Breaking strength (B. S). The results show that all
these treatments, applied to obtain more worn appearance and aged look for garment has decreased the
mechanical properties. Moreover, the resin- treatment is the most aggressive for cloths in the set of the special
treatments. In fact, whatever the following washing process is stone washing or mixed washing, the finishing
resin-treatment destroys the matter and reduces a lot the mechanical resistance. Thus, we proved that in the
case of washed denim fabric, it is advisable to avoid the line of succession of treatments containing the resintreatment
and mixed washing process.
SOL-GEL DERIVED INORGANIC-ORGANIC HYBRID POLYMERS FILLED WITH ZNO NANOPARTICLES AS ULTRAVIOLET PROTECTION FINISH FOR TEXTILES
Authors: Farouk Asmaa , Textor Torsten , Schollmeyer Eckhard , Tarbuk Anita , Grancacic Ana Marija
Published: December 2023

In spite of some beneficial effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on skin, radiation can cause sunburn, skin aging, allergies and even skin cancer. Textiles can provide effective protection against such damage of UV radiation. Unlike cosmetics, using textiles protecting the skin or at least enhancing protection has only recently been researched. The design and modification of fabrics leading to a high protection against UV radiation is a relatively new application. It is very important to consider the kind of textile to be used, most of the garments worn during summer, the time of highest exposition, are light and colourless materials and therefore provide the lowest protection. We report the synthesis and characterization of nanosized zinc oxide particles known to highly absorb UV light. Sol-gel based inorganic-organic hybrid polymers were modified with these particles and were applied to cellulosic cotton (100%) and cotton/polyester (65/35%) fabrics. These modified inorganicorganic hybrids polymers were based on 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Complete finishing sol prepared in this work has remarked long stability for further processing. The effectiveness of the novel finishing was determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy and by evaluation of the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF). The influences of the finishing for some general textile properties as e.g. tensile strength, elongation, air permeability, degree of whiteness, wear-resistance, stiffness as well as the durability of the treatments were investigated.
DYEING NYLON WITH INDIGO IN VARIOUS PH REGIONS
Authors: Baig G.A.
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Nylon (6.6) fabric was dyed with Indigo dye using an exhaust technique at different pH values. At different pH
values different forms of indigo existed in solution, each one having a different substantivity for the fibre. The
non-ionic form had the highest, whilst the Ionic ones had relatively less substantivity. The fibres could best be
dyed in the acidic to slightly alkaline pH range. The Chemistry of the dyebath and fibre were considered, in order
to explain the effect of pH on colour strength. Hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions seemed to be the main
reason for the exhaustion of dye onto nylon fibre. Hydrogen bonding occurred between the hydroxyl groups and
amide groups, while ionic interactions worked at low pH values between the ionized and end-amino groups of
the dye and fibre respectively.
ANALYSIS OF BODY MEASUREMENTS USING A 3D CONTACTLESS SCANNING METHOD
Authors: Sybilska Wioletta , Napieralska Lidia , Mielicka Elizbieta
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This research work concerns analysing the results of tests performed using apparatus for the contactless
measurement of human body (Anthroscan 3D VITUS Smart). The applicability of measurement types in clothing
design was the criterion of its selection. Traditional ways of measurements use an engaging and laborious
manual method. However, 3D scanning of the human body surface can provide more measurements in a
significantly shorter amount of time in comparison with the manual method. Moreover, new technologies of the
3D complete body scanning make possible to gain the 3D image of the human body surface. In this paper, we
describe the analysis of the human body using a 3D scanner owned by the Textile Research Institute.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN ENGINEERING OF WOVEN FABRIC BY SOFT COMPUTING: PART I - PLAIN WEAVE
Authors: Mishra Rajesh , Kremenakova Dana , Behera B.K. , Militky Jiri
Published: December 2023

Abstract

An attempt has been made to optimise the engineering attributes of a plain weave fabric according to certain
requirements. A simplified algorithm was used to solve fabric geometrical model equations, and relationships
were obtained between useful fabric parameters such as thread spacing and crimp, fabric cover and crimp,
warp and weft cover. Such relationships help in guiding the direction for moderating fabric parameters. The full
potential of the Peirce fabric geometrical model for plain weave has been exploited by soft computing. The interrelationships
between different fabric parameters for jammed structures, non-jammed structures and special
cases in which the cross-threads are straight were obtained using a suitable algorithm. It is hoped that the fabric
designer will benefit from the flexibility in choosing fabric parameters for achieving any end use with the desired
fabric properties.
What is science?
Authors: Saiter Jean Marc
Published: December 2023

This paper is dedicated to my dear colleague and good friend Professor Melissa Chan Chin Han with whom I share a body of common work in material science and in material characterization. Part of this work concerns aspects of education in science that resulted from a number of exchanges concerning the current quality of laboratory data and the observation that the new generation of students have not been exposed to the underlying idea of scientific rigor, commonly expected of all scientific work. This is the origin of this short course on scientific thought, which was titled “What is science?” and first presented during POLY-CHAR 2023 in Auckland, New Zealand.
Reconciliation of total particulate organic carbon and nitrogen measurements determined using contrasting methods in the North Pacific Ocean as part of the NASA EXPORTS field campaign
Authors: Graff Jason R. , Nelson Norman B. , Roca-Martí Montserrat , Romanelli Elisa , Kramer Sasha J. , Erickson Zach , Cetinić Ivona , Buesseler Ken O. , Passow Uta , Zhang Xiaodong , Benitez-Nelson Claudia , Bisson Kelsey , Close Hilary G. , Crockford Taylor , Fox James , Halewood Stuart , Lam Phoebe , Roesler Collin , Sweet Julia , VerWey Brian , Xiong Yuanheng , Siegel David A.
Published: December 2023

Measurements of particulate organic carbon (POC) are critical for understanding the ocean carbon cycle, including biogenic particle formation and removal processes, and for constraining models of carbon cycling at local, regional, and global scales. Despite the importance and ubiquity of POC measurements, discrepancies in methods across platforms and users, necessary to accommodate a multitude of needs and logistical constraints, commonly result in disparate results. Considerations of filter type and pore size, sample volume, collection method, and contamination sources underscore the potential for dissimilar measurements of the same variable assessed using similar and different approaches. During the NASA EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) 2018 field campaign in the North Pacific Ocean, multiple methodologies and sampling approaches for determining POC were applied, including surface inline flow-through systems and depth profiles using Niskin bottles, in situ pumps, and Marine Snow Catchers. A comparison of results from each approach and platform often resulted in significant differences. Supporting measurements, however, provided the means to normalize results across datasets. Using knowledge of contrasting protocols and synchronous or near-synchronous measurements of associated environmental variables, we were able to reconcile dataset differences to account for undersampling of some particle types and sizes, possible sample contamination and blank corrections. These efforts resulted in measurement agreement between initially contrasting datasets and insights on long-acknowledged but rarely resolved discrepancies among contrasting methods for assessing POC concentrations in the ocean.
Threshold behaviours in GexAs10Se90-x and GexSb10Se90-x glasses
Authors:   College of Mathematics and Physics, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 415000, Changde, People’s Republic of China, Xu S. W. , Liang T. W. ,   College of Mathematics and Physics, Hunan University of Arts and Science, 415000, Changde, People’s Republic of China
Published: December 2023

We investigated the effect of the elemental substitution of As by Sb on the threshold behaviours in GexAs(Sb)10Se90-x glasses. We found that, while the transition thresholds at MCN=2.4 and 2.67 were verified in the GeAsSe glasses, the transition thresholds can be changed to chemically stoichiometric compositions if As is substituted by Sb. We further deconvolved Raman spectra into different structural units and the change of their respective intensity showed the same behaviour, and this was ascribed to the chemical effect induced by a large difference of the atomic radius between As and Sb, and a relatively strong ionic feature of the element Sb.
Numerical optimization of tin sulphide based solar cell for different buffer layers using SCAPS
Authors:   Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Chowdhury T. A. , Hossain S.M.T. ,   Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Anna M.K. ,   Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Ritu S.A. ,   Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Nuri S.F. ,   Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Published: December 2023

Researchers are doing intense research in tin sulfide (SnS)-based solar cells because of their outstanding semiconducting features. In this work, the solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D) has been used to do the simulation study of thin films solar cells using SnS absorber layer with different buffer layers (ZnO, ZnSe, CdZnS, TiO2) in comparison to the toxic CdS buffer layer. Photovoltaic parameters (open circuit voltage, fill factor, short-circuit current density and efficiency) is evaluated as a function of absorber layer thickness, different buffer layer and buffer layer thickness. Device stability at different operating temperature is also evaluated. The simulation results reveal the fabrication of high efficiency SnS based solar cells.
Efficiency enhancement in SiGe thin film solar cell by a CNT grating structure
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran, Madani H. H. , Shayesteh M. R. ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran, Moslemi M. R. ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Zarghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zarghan, Iran
Published: December 2023

In this paper, a new structure of SiGe thin film solar cell using a carbon nanotubes (CNT) grating layer is proposed. CNT grating layer is used which reduces the reflection loss from the surface and maximizing optical absorption in the active layer of the cell. In order to reduce the carrier recombination in the back contact, a GaAs back-surface field (BSF) layer was used. The simulation results show that the efficiency of the proposed structure is 29.32%. Furthermore, we were able to increase the efficiency to 31.3% by optimizing the structural parameters including the depth and number of grating periods.
Hypertriglyceridemia and its impact on mitotane monitoring in adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Martens Sandra , Lapauw Bruno
Published: December 2023

Mitotane is used for treatment of advanced adrenocortical carcinoma. It is administered when the carcinoma is unresectable, metastasized, or at high-risk of recurrence after resection. In addition, mitotane is considered to have direct adrenolytic effects. Because of its narrow therapeutic–toxic range, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is warranted. In 2020, a left-sided adrenal gland tumor was found (5.8 cm) in a 38-year-old man. Considering the size of this lesion and inability to exclude an adrenocortical carcinoma on imaging, a laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination determined presence of an adrenocortical carcinoma (pT2N0M0 ENSAT stadium II; ki67 10–15%). There was no evidence for residual or metastatic disease but given the high risk of recurrence, adjuvant therapy with mitotane was initiated. During TDM, a sudden and spuriously high level of mitotane was observed but without signs or symptoms of toxicity. After exploration, it was found that this high concentration was completely due to uncontrolled hypertriglyceridemia. After correction thereof, mitotane levels were again in the therapeutic range. This observation underscores the importance of TDM sampling in a fasting state with concurrent control of prevalent or incident dyslipidemia.

Learning points

TDM of mitotane is advocated to achieve therapeutic levels while avoiding toxicity. For correct TDM, sampling should be done at least 12 h after last intake of mitotane.

Although sampling in fasting conditions in not explicitly mentioned in the guidelines, fasting state should be considered as elevated serum triglyceride levels might cause spuriously high mitotane levels.

In patients undergoing treatment with mitotane and presenting with too high or unexplained fluctuating mitotane levels without signs or symptoms of toxicity, hypertriglyceridemia as a possible cause should be investigated.

If dyslipidemia occurs in patients under mitotane treatment, other causes than mitotane (e.g. alcohol abuse and diabetes) should be considered and appropriate treatment should be initiated.
Calcaneus metastasis: a rare presentation of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Elshafie Omayma , Jain Anjali , Bichpuria Summit , Rassou Yamina , Hashmi Syed Furqan , Bou Khalil Abir
Published: December 2023

A 60-year-old woman presented to our clinic with an acute onset 3 months history of right ankle pain. The patient had a history of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer, which was treated with total thyroidectomy, left lateral neck dissection levels II–V and central neck dissection levels VI–VII followed by postoperative I-131 radioactive iodine (131I) ablation therapy 3.7 GBq 6 months ago. The post-131I WBS showed residual iodine-avid thyroid tissue with no other iodine-avid disease or metastasis. SPECT/CT of the neck and chest showed nonavid bilateral pulmonary nodules, discrete nodal masses in mediastinum and nonavid bone lesions. FDG-PET CT scan showed FDG-avid mediastinal lymph nodes (LN), innumerable non-FDG-avid subcentimetric pulmonary nodules and few FDG-avid lytic lesions in the skeleton. X-ray and MRI of the right ankle showed a well-marginated lytic lesion in the posterior body of calcaneus and 5 × 6 cm soft tissue mass lesion, respectively. The histopathology of the calcaneus mass confirmed a positive immunostaining for thyroid origin which includes thyroglobulin and TTF-1 with PAX-8. Endobronchial mediastinal and bronchial LN biopsy confirmed thyroid cancer metastasis. Gene mutation showed HRAS and GNA13 with a high tumor mutational burden. We describe a rare case of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer in a patient who presented with right ankle pain; we confirmed the cause to be a calcaneus metastasis from the thyroid cancer, with calcaneus being an extremely rare site for bone metastases. Gene mutations points toward treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Learning points

Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) usually metastasizes to lung and bone but can rarely occur in the calcaneus.

Patients with distant metastases have significantly worse long-term prognosis.

Radiotherapy is effective in reducing the metastatic pains as well as reducing the size of the metastasis.

PAX-8 staining can be used to differentiate thyroid carcinomas from lung adenocarcinomas.

The importance of searching for gene mutations to decide the treatment of PDTC.
The impact of gut microbiota on vascularization of the small intestine
Authors: Paeslack Nadja , Reinhardt Christoph
Published: December 2023

The commensal microbiota resides in a mutualistic relationship within the mammalian gut. It significantly influences the formation of capillary networks in the small intestine, not only during development but also in adulthood. Mucosal capillaries in small intestinal villus structures play a critical role for the uptake of dietary nutrients and immune regulation. Emerging studies have elucidated how the composition of gut microbiota can influence not only postnatal gut development regarding immune tolerance, nutrient absorption, and morphology but also the development and maintenance of blood and lymphatic capillaries within the small intestine. In particular, the analysis of gnotobiotic mouse models affirmed the importance of the gut microbiota, or even only single gut bacteria, in the remodeling of the small intestinal capillaries. Here, different epithelial-to-endothelial cross talk pathways, e.g. Paneth cell-derived signals, Toll-like receptor signaling, or tissue factor–protease activated receptor-1 signaling, have been reported to affect intestinal villus vascular remodeling in a microbiota-dependent fashion. In this review article, we will provide a comprehensive overview on the relevant microbiota–host interaction pathways, which have been revealed to influence angiogenesis and vascular remodeling in the small intestine.
КОНЕКТИВІЗМ І ПОНЯТТЯ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ
Authors: PULKAS NADIYA
Published: December 2023

Стаття присвячена актуальному на сьогоднішній день питанню можливості застосування штучного інтелекту в освіті; взаємозв'язку конективістської теорії навчання з галуззю штучного інтелекту – штучними нейронними мережами.
CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF A MICRONЕTWОRK WITH DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Feuerbach Square, 7, Kharkiv, 61050, Ukraine, Nerubatskyi V.P. , Hordiienko D.A. ,   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Feuerbach Square, 7, Kharkiv, 61050, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Mіcrоnеtwоrk configurations are considered regarding the form of electricity transmission and distribution. The structures of connected units of dіstrіbutеd еnеrgy rеsоurcеs under different operating modes are described, in which special attention is paid to the primary control elements of dіstrіbutеd еnеrgy rеsоurcеs units for the instantaneous balance of active and reactive power, as well as to dispatch control architectures for long-term energy management. The characteristics of static and dynamic load are studied, the simulation of which is carried out by building physical models of typical loads. The parameters of the system of instantaneous balances of active and reactive power in mіcrоnеtwоrks determined by instantaneous load tracking and load distribution between blocks of distributed energy resources are obtained. The circuit of resistive active filtering of blocks of distributed energy resources for active compensation of distorted loads is given. The presented method effectively suppresses harmonic voltage distortions at the output of blocks of dіstrіbutеd еnеrgy rеsоurcеs. Ref. 10, fig. 2. Keywords: mіcrоnеtwоrk, еlеctrіcіty cоnvеrtеr, dіstrіbutеd еnеrgy rеsоurcе, lоаd dіstrіbutіоn, cоntrоl systеm.