bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impactos das nanopartículas de níquel em Pistia stratiotes: absorção, toxicidade e mecanismos de tolerância
Authors:   , Brito Fernando Antônio Gomes
Published: May 2022

Devido à falta de legislação e investimento para o descarte correto de resíduos gerados nos processos produtivos da indústria, agricultura e mineração, a deposição irregular de metais pesados como o níquel (Ni) tem causado a degradação e contaminação de áreas e águas subterrâneas, além de representar riscos à saúde pública. Apesar dos estudos avançados que investigam os efeitos dos metais pesados às respostas fisiológicas e os mecanismos de tolerância, existe ainda uma falta de conhecimento sobre as respostas das plantas desencadeadas pelas nanopartículas de níquel. Portanto, objetiva-se neste projeto utilizar plantas de Pistia stratiotes para elucidar a dinâmica fisiológica celular em resposta ao estresse por Ni na forma de nanopartículas. Para melhor compreender este fenômeno, plantas de P. stratiotes, foram aclimatadas por 3 dias em solução nutritiva de Clark ½ força iônica, pH 6,5, em salas de crescimento com temperatura e intensidade luminosa controlados, antes de serem submetidas aos tratamentos com nanopartículas de níquel (NiNP) e sulfato de níquel (NiSO 4 ) separadamente em concentrações de 0,3, 1,5 e 7,5 mg L -1 cada. Foram analisados a absorção do metal pela planta, taxa de crescimento, pigmentos, fluorescência da clorofila, parâmetros fotossintéticos, metabolismo antioxidante enzimático, integridade de membrana, concentrações de peróxido de hidrogênio (H 2 O 2 ) e peroxidação lipídica (MDA). As plantas expostas ao NiSO 4 tiveram menores taxas de crescimento, maiores concentrações de H 2 O 2 e MDA, enquanto as plantas expostas às NiNPs tiveram maior acúmulo de níquel nas folhas, as trocas gasosas foliares mais afetadas e maior fluorescência da clorofila a. Conclui-se que a P. stratiotes é capaz de absorver e remover NiNP do meio, e que mesmo em maiores concentrações nos tecidos da planta, as nanopartículas apresentaram efeitos diferentes do sal do mesmo elemento sobre o seu metabolismo, sendo ambas prejudiciais à planta. Palavras-chave: Metal pesado. Antioxidante. Estresse abiótico. Planta aquática.
Security and Information Society
Authors:   Specialist, Santa Úrsula University in Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil, Bogossian Tricia
Published: May 2022

Currently, the right to security is affirmed as a fundamental right in the most diverse legal and state systems. This is particularly observed in the Constitution of Brazil, which prescribes, in the wording of its article 5, that “All are equal before the law, without distinction of any nature, guaranteeing Brazilians and foreigners residing in the country the right to inviolability of the right to life, liberty, equality, security and property, in the following terms” (BRASIL, 1988, s.p.). It is noteworthy that in the aforementioned Constitution, the fundamental right to security is found in the chapter alluding to rights, freedoms and guarantees.
Lessons from Covid-19 Pandemic: Students’ Remote Learning Preferences in Malaysia
Authors: Augustine Grecilda , Nazamud-din Aisyah , Lendik Lisbeth Sinan
Published: May 2022

The unexpectedly disruptive period is currently being reinforced with improved ideas and approaches to meet the needs of the pupils. With pandemic tiredness and digital exhaustion being highlighted, a better understanding of students' learning preferences must be updated regularly during unprecedented times. This mixed-method study seeks to identify and explore students’ preferences based on their remote learning experiences in a public university in Malaysia. An online survey was used to gather the data for the analysis to identify the students’ preferences over the platform used, assessment types, and schedule preferences. In addition, the students’ suggestions were gathered to get more insights from their perspectives. The results revealed students preferred Google Meet, WhatsApp Messenger, and Google Classroom as the medium for delivery. On the other hand, the students favoured shorter time spent and early time slots for online class scheduling. They also preferred quizzes as the most preferred type of assessment. Lastly, students suggested considering various factors to conduct successful remote learning namely empathy from the lecturer, student engagement, students’ readiness, students’ accessibility, content delivery, flexibility, and motivation. Conclusively, the implication of this study will contribute to the body of the literature on remote learning during a pandemic. Moreover, educators in tertiary education could utilise the students’ preferences as feedback to enhance their teaching and learning delivery during remote learning. This study was limited by the absence of lecturers’ preferences and suggestions. Future studies that investigate other perspectives could create a common ground between educators and learners.
Peningkatan Motivasi Belajar Matematika Melalui Pembelajaran Guided Note Taking pada Kelas III SD
Authors: HS Eka Fitriana , Satriawati Satriawati , Salemuddin Muh. Reski , Abustang Perawati Bte
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the increase in motivation to learn mathematics on the implementation of Guided Note Taking learning strategies in third grade students of SD Negeri Kassi Makassar City. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) which is recycled/cycled with a focus on the implementation of the Guided Note Taking strategy. And the subjects in this study were third grade students of SD Negeri Kassi Makassar City with a total of 29 students. Data collection techniques used are questionnaires, documentation, and observations regarding student learning activities during the learning process. The discussion of the results of the teacher activity research in the first cycle was in the sufficient category (C) while in the second cycle it increased to good (B). Likewise, the student activities in the first cycle were in the sufficient category (C) while in the second cycle increased to the good category (B). The results showed that in the first cycle the motivation to learn mathematics in the class was in the less category (K) and in the second cycle it increased and was in the good category (B). The conclusion of this study is that the application of Guided Note Taking learning strategies can increase the learning motivation of third grade students of SD Negeri Kassi Makassar City.
Work Environment Evaluation by Nurses and its Connection to Employee Turnover
Authors: Rukštavičiūtė Indrė , Vimantaitė Renata
Published: May 2022

The working environment for nurses is being studied all around the world because of nursing staff turnover and increasing shortage of nurses. Healthy work environments establishment and maintenance is important for the well-being of nurses, their being in the organization, and the quality of patient care. Any change in this group may lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the organization.

The aim of the study was to investigate how do nurses evaluate work environment and how it‘s linked with employee turnover.

Methodology. Quantitative research was performed, the method of questionnaire survey was applied. There were 143 questionnaires filled by nurses in tertiary level hospital. For environment evaluation Eilen T. Lake's practice environment scale of the nursing work index was used, the rest of the questions were based on literature sources.

Results. The working environment of nurses is generally favorable in most of the departments, only one department’s environment was rated as mixed work environment. The largest number of nurses employed in 2017-2020 time period was in intensive care units, and the highest number of nurses who left at the same time period were in therapeutic wards. The desire to accept another job offer and to consider staying or leaving the department among nurses was affected by nursing managers, their skills, leadership, support, human and work resources.

Conclusions. This study confirms strong links between nursing leadership, human and work resources distribution, nursing staff turnover.
Real and Potential Nursing Problems of Obese Patients With COVID-19 Disease
Authors: Pranckūnaitė Greta , Gerikienė Vitalija
Published: May 2022

Problem. Obesity is associated with increased hospitalization, intensive care and risk of death in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, in order to ensure the best possible care for obese patients with coronavirus infection, it is necessary to identify real and potential problems in the care of obese patients with COVID-19 disease.

Aim. To analyze the real and potential problems of obese patients with COVID-19 disease.

Methods. A qualitative study was carried out using semi-structured interviews and data analysis using the qualitative content analysis method. The study participants were nurses working in the COVID-19 resuscitation unit.

Results and Conclusions. According to the statements of the nurses involved in the study, the following real nursing problems in obese patients with COVID-19 disease were identified: fever, respiratory failure, shortness of breath, cough, violations of skin integrity, increased sweating, lack of self-care, limited independent movement and dependence on staff, uncomfortable positioning on the belly, nutritional insufficiency, taste disturbance.The study revealed the following potential nursing problems in obese patients with COVID-19 disease: death, sudden deterioration, fainting, panic attack, bedsores, infection, skin integrity violation, increased sweating, body wasting, obstipation, malnourished, choking and dehydration.
MATERNAL HEALTH BELIEFS AND PRACTICES IN INFANT HEALTH CARE
Authors:   Bicol Unversity, Ebuenga Lucilyn Camba
Published: May 2022

Reducing the infant and maternal mortality and morbidity rates of the country through education is of primordial concern. Using the descriptive survey method, this study aimed to determine the health beliefs and practices of mothers on infant feeding, hygiene and care of sick infant; determine conformance to Essential Newborn Care protocols; and identify implications of health beliefs and practices on the health of infant. Data were gathered through questionnaire-checklist from sixty-eight (68) women with children 0-1 year old residing in Arandurugan Village Guinobatan, Albay. The beliefs and practices of mothers were varied. The mothers were found to strongly believe in breastfeeding while some believed in herbolarios, using of guava/santol leaves in bathing after an illness, breastfeeding while hungry as cause of ill health, applying chewed leaves/saliva on the baby’s abdomen as treatment for colic, and wearing amulet or religious articles to ward off evil spirits. Additionally, the mothers always practiced breastfeeding and often practiced applying alcohol on the umbilical cord, bathing with warm water while covering the umbilical cord with dressing, and frequently practiced applying baby oil on scalp/body, cutting hair only when child reaches one year old, and keeping windows/ doors closed while bathing. In caring for sick infants, mothers consulted doctor or midwife, and sometimes gave medications not prescribed by doctors. The mothers’ belief and practices particularly on infant feeding is in conformance with the Essential Newborn Care (ENC) protocol utilizing the BEmONC approach. However, there is a strong need to educate the mothers particularly on hygiene and care of sick infant.
EMPLOYABILITY OF GRADUATES OF BICOL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Bicol Unversity, Olfindo Gilmoore T. , Belgica Phoebe M.
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to find out the employment status of the BUCIT graduates of 2008-2010. The hindering and contributing factors to their employment; aspects of the curricula that need to be upgraded/adjusted; and measures to enhance employability of the graduates were also dealt with. A survey of graduates randomly taken from each batch was done using questionnaires sent via personal courier/postal mail and electronic mode. Feedbacks from 21 employers of the sampled graduates were also sought. Out of the target 344 graduates, 196 or 57% respondents participated. Of the 196 graduates, 78% of them are employed. Among the common reasons cited by those who are unemployed are: (a) pursuit of further studies, (b) family responsibility, and (c) job order status or work not suitable. Short time for hands-on training and lack of upgraded laboratory equipment were pointed out by the graduates as hindering factors to employment. Positive attitude towards work and willingness to learn are the topmost qualities that most of the employer-respondents regarded as extremely important. Likewise, leadership, teamwork, and customer relation are the topmost general skills considered extremely important by most of the employers. The curriculum completed by the graduates of 2008, 2009, and 2010 may be considered effective in general in terms of producing employable graduates. Surpassing the regional and national employment rate, though, should be pursued.The following policies that are commonly-recognized as necessary, but are oftentimes set aside yet could enhance employability of BUCIT graduates are: (a) strict admission of students, (b) expanded time for practical or hands-on learning, (c) allocation of school funds for instructional facilities, (d) strong academe-industry linkage, and (e) institutionalized tracking and monitoring of graduates.
Effect of arrowroot (Maranta sp.) Food Products Supplementation in Diet Induced Hypercholesterolemic Mice
Authors:   Bicol Unversity, Salvador-Membreve Daile Meek , Baldo Edward Diomerl , Revale Francia
Published: May 2022

Food enriched with dietary fiber content has been associated to lower blood lipid profile. In this study, the flour, starch, and cookies from locally grown arrowroot plant, which is known to contain dietary fiber, were investigated for anti-lipidemic activity. Six groups of male ICR mice were fed with a high cholesterol diet for six weeks. At the end of six-week cholesterol induction, Group 1 received distilled water (dH20), Group 2 was fed with arrowroot starch (ARS), Group 3 with arrowroot starch cookies (ARSC), Group 4 with arrowroot flour (ARF), Group 5 with arrowroot flour cookies (ARFC), and Group 6 received simvastatin (SIM) for two weeks. Body weights were recorded before and after cholesterol induction and after arrowroot treatments. Lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VDLD, triglycerides) of serum was measured at the end of the experiment. Also, livers were dissected, weighed, and evaluated for ballooning of hepatocytes, lipid inclusion (steatosis), and portal inflammation. After two weeks of treatment with arrowroot food products, a significant reduction of body weights on hypercholesterolemic mice were observed but the reduction was comparable with the group that received only distilled water. However, treatment with arrowroot starch significantly reduced the blood total cholesterol and the histological changes induced by a high cholesterol diet. Treatment with arrowroot starch and starch cookies significantly decreased steatosis, ballooning of hepatocytes, and resulted in the absence of portal inflammation in the liver—suggesting its hypolipidemic activity. Liver lipid profile and fecal lipid excretion analysis should be conducted to further support the result of this study.
GC-MS Analysis of Metabolites from Aspergillus tamarii and Trichoderma sp. Detected Promising Biological Compounds
Authors:   Bicol Unversity, Malonzo Charmaine A. , Guerrero Jonathan Jaime G. , Fulleros Maria Czet , Madrideo Ramil Earl A.
Published: May 2022

Fifteen multicellula r fungi previously isola ted from rice paddies were evalua ted for their a ntibacterial activities aga inst test orga nisms using the aga r plug method. Only seven of the fungal isola tes showed activity aga inst the test orga nisms Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, a nd Staphylococcus aureus. These seven fungi were subsequently grown on yeast extract sucrose aga r (YES), pota to dextrose aga r (PDA), a nd Sa boura ud dextrose aga r (SDA) to determine their radial growth a nd time of sporula tion over a period of seven days. The fastest sporula tion was achieved by Penicillium funiculosum (three days), Aspergillus tamarii (five days), a nd Trichoderma sp. (six days). Spore suspensions (150 spores/mL) of these fungi were sepa ra tely inocula ted in 100 mL of Yeast Extract Broth (YEB), Pota to Dextrose Broth (PDB), a nd Sa boura ud Dextrose Broth (SDB), a nd cultured for 35 days in room tempera ture (24–27oC) a t sta tiona ry condition. Culture filtra tes were extracted with ethyl aceta te (1:1 v/v) a nd used for herbicidal assay using Vigna radiata a nd for gas chroma tography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). No herbicidal activity was observed with wa ter as control. Compounds identified (>90% simila rity with Na tional Institute for Sta nda rds a nd Technology [NIST] libra ry) included bis (2-ethyl hexyl) phthala te (a ntifungal a nd a nti-infla mma tory), dehydromevalonic lactone (fragra nce production), benzene acetaldehyde (fragra nce production), a nd n-hexadeca noic acid (a nti-infla mma tory). Meta bolomics da ta provide the basis for future optimiza tion studies to genera te utiliza ble bioactive compounds.
IoT in HEALTHCARE DOMAIN
Authors: Banka Manisha , Mishra Ankita , Tripathy Sushreeta
Published: May 2022

In the current scenario, the Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology. IoT is a new pattern that has changed the long-established way of living into a modernistic life style. IoT is the network of physical objects, which enables to collect data and exchange it without human intervention. In general, IoT has been established to interlink the latest healthcare resources and to provide smart and efficient healthcare facilities to the people. IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure. Health maintenance has become a considerable socio-economic concern when it comes to health expenses, need and accessibility of resources, and individual care especially for aged people of the society. The central objective of this review article is to give a detailed idea on different trends and applications of smart healthcare as well as the common challenges in the execution are discussed.
FORECASTING THE TIME DELAY IN DELIVERY OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Hotta Subhalaxmi , Sahoo Sonali , Swarnkar Tripti
Published: May 2022

Supply chain management system is a centralized system which controls and plans the activities involved from production to delivery of a product. Disruption in treatment and loss of life occurs due to delay in delivery of pharmaceutical products. The objective is to do a model using Machine learning algorithms to determine: Classification to predict which product will be delayed and Regression shows how much time it will be delayed exactly. This study will use publicly available supply chain data which helps to identify primary aspect of predicting whether HIV drugs are delivered in time or not. It will then use these factors to predict how long delays are likely to be, thus allowing HIV/Supply Chain program managers to know details of the products which are going to be delayed and quantify the exact delay. and how much it will be delayed. so that they can take mitigating action to save lives and avoid additional supply chain costs. We will use Machine learning prediction model to predict which product will be delayed and regression model shows how much time it will be delayed exactly.
Effect of Structured Teaching Programme on Nurses Knowledge to VAP Prevention Bundle
Authors: A Yuvaraja  , Sivakumar MN , K Balasubramanian  , D Manivannan  , Muthusami KR
Published: May 2022

There are limited Indian studies which evaluated the nurses’ knowledge to VAP (Ventilatorassisted pneumonia) prevention Bundle. Focused training of health care workers to prevent VAP is essential in all ICUs, particularly in ICUs in resource-limited countries. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on VAP bundle among staff nurses in critical care unit. This prospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted among 171 nurses selected by purposive sampling technique on the basis of the set inclusion criteria. Majority of study subjects were female (92.9%), majority of the nurses (82%) were only degree holders, and 75 (43.8%) nurses had 0-1 year experience of caring for critically ill patients. The knowledge level of participants had mean SD of 5.68 (2.8) with 95% C.I (4.94 - 6.43) and p<0.001. To conclude the 2-hour teaching module significantly enhanced nurses’ knowledge towards evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of VAP.
Effective of Music Therapy and Planned Nurses Interaction on the Hemodynamic Parameters during the Intra Angiography Procedure
Authors: Nandi Satabdi , Pradhan Rashmimala , Das Sasmita
Published: May 2022

A quasi-experimental study on 60 subjects was conducted to assess the effectiveness of music therapy and planned nurse’s interaction on haemodynamic parametersamong the patient undergoing angiography procedure in IMS & SUM Hospital. For the study quantitative experimental research approach & non-randomized control group design was adopted; the data was analysed by unpaired ‘t’ test, there was statistically significant relation on haemodynamic parameters of control group and music therapy group and heart rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and oxygen saturation rate unpaired t value 2 (p=0.04), 2.2 (p=0.03), 3.36 (p=0.001), 2.19 (p=0.03) respectively which represent the effectiveness of music therapy during intra angiography procedure. There was also evidence of statistically significant relation between haemodynamic parameters of control group and experimental planned nurses interaction group, but systolic pressure showing no significant relationship with nurses interaction and heart rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and oxygen saturation rate unpaired t value 3.39 (p=0.001), 0.04 (p=0.96), 2.03 (p=0.04), 2.92(p=0.005) respectively which implies the effectiveness of nurses interaction. Similarly there was no significant relationship between two experimental groups.
Assessment of Ventilator-Associated Events and Compliance Rate of Ventilator Care Bundle among Mechanically Ventilated Patients in Neuro Intensive Care Units
Authors: CK Monisha
Published: May 2022

Ventilator-associated events (VAEs) consist of ventilator-associated conditions (VAC), infection-related ventilator-associated complications (IVAC), and possible ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). A descriptive survey was conducted to assess VAEs, and the compliance rate of ventilator care bundle among mechanically ventilated patients in neuro intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital. The study was done in 2016 with a sample size of 30. A standardised tool, CDC’s VAE algorithm and a validated, structured ventilator care bundle guidelines observational check-list were used for collecting data. Assessments were done twice daily for seven days. Only one patient each (3%) developed VAC, and IVAC and none had developed VAP. The samples were not fully compliant with all elements of ventilator care bundle all the time. However, the head of bed elevation compliance was 100 percent. The rest of the bundle elements compliance were: deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis 93 percent, peptic ulcer disease (PUD) prophylaxis (94%), sedation break (74%), hand hygiene (78%) and oral care (61%). Further, large sample studies are needed to identify predictors of VAEs.
Traffic Violation Detection and Control
Authors: Hiran Shah  , Kartik Srinivasan  , Pranay Rinayat  , Garvit Sagotiya  , Prof Aparna Bagde
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper is to understand the role & requirement of automation in the traffic management domain. With number of vehicles increasing daily & India being the nation with largest number of 2-wheelers, its Important to track vehicles at an increasing pace than the convention systems in place. We aim to use a system using CV (Computer Vision) & YOLOv5 object detection for classifying vehicles in different categories, considering the vast amount of travel modes used in the Indian Peninsula like Autos & 2-wheelers.
Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in Education Industry
Authors: Prof. Snehal Thorave  , Dinesh Choudhary  , Pratik Adangale  , Abhinandan Bankar  , Mayur Garde
Published: May 2022

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is a software technology that makes it easy to pick, feed, and manage software robots that mimic human movements while interacting with digital systems as well as software. RPA in education can help teachers and administrators perform tasks and procedures automatically which may be difficult for them. Whether it be administrative, academic duties, or fund hr services, anyone can easily change it with the changing robot system. It helps educational institutions easily manage and handle high-volume activities. This paper shows the implementation of RPA in automating the entire process required in online meeting from scheduling online google meeting to sharing the meeting link in WhatsApp group and tracking the attendance of students in meeting.
Innovative Color Band Security System to Avoid Shoulder Surfing
Authors: Milind Jamnekar  , Asif Shaikh  , Aakash Ombase  , Prof. Sneha Deshmukh
Published: May 2022

Conventional password schemes are greatly at risk of shoulder surfing, many shoulder surfing graphical way schemes are created. But, end users are more acquainted with textual password than pure graphical password, text-based graphical password schemes are proposed. Sadly, none of the text-based shoulder surfing resistant graphical password schemes is both secure and efficient enough right now. In this paper, it proposed an enhanced version of text-based shoulder surfing resistant graphical password using your favourite color. In this proposed scheme, the user can easily and efficiently login in the system. Next, we analyze the protection and usefulness of the proposed scheme, and show the resistance of the proposed scheme to shoulder surfing and accidental login. The shoulder surfing attack is an attack in which attacker try get the user’s password by watching over the user’s shoulder as he enters his password. As conventional password schemes are prone to shoulder surfing, Bravado and Biretta proposed three shoulder surfing resistant graphical password schemes. Since then, many graphical password schemes with different degrees of resistance to shoulder surfing are proposed and every has its pros and cons. The alphabet utilized in the proposes scheme contains 16 characters, including 8 small letter alphabets from a to h & 8 numerical from 1-8.
Credit Card Fraud Detection System
Authors: Ankit Singh  , Arman Patel  , Mohit Katare  , Shivam Gondhale
Published: May 2022

Since the growth in online shopping, an increasing number of people are paying online using modes of payment like credit cards to pay their bills, and like every other online interface, Credit cards are also subject to hacking. online businesses and financial companies need to detect these fraudulent activities to save their clients from getting charged for items they didn’t purchase. For this purpose, banks and payment companies can implement algorithms to detect fraudulent behavior. The Credit Card Fraud Detection System includes taking into consideration past credit card transactions with the data of the ones that were fraud. This system can be used to identify a fraudulent transaction beforehand. Our objective is to identify all of the fraudulent transactions while also minimizing the incorrect fraud classifications. In this technique we first examine and pre-process the Data set to address unbalanced data, then we train our model using a Logistic regression algorithm to detect fraud.
Design and Analysis of Bicycle Chassis Frame
Authors: Atharva Pitke  , Saheel Shirsat  , Vaishnavi Joshi  , Gauri Kulkarni  , Sonali Dhaneshwar
Published: May 2022

Human beings are currently unable to devote specific attention to their health. This emphasizes the significance of exercise and physical fitness. In this paper, we look for another alternate source, such as an electric vehicle, to help with the time crunch and pollution control. Because electric vehicles are light, they may be utilized anywhere. The final goal of this paper is to develop and assess a chassis frame. In this paper we are also attempting to comprehend several forms of chassis frames in order to assess deformation and material selection. Cycles can now be regarded a good mode of transportation for neighbouring destinations due to rising fuel prices. In smart city people have very hectic schedule to deal with it they always refer a fastest route for transportation so that they can save their time and utilize it elsewhere. So electric cycle can be the best solution for them, it can be the fastest and cheapest route for transportation. As these electro cycles are light in weight, they can be easily carried out on shoulders without feeling of uneasiness. This cycle is ideal for use of short distance and for the people of any class and age.
Estimation of PCU Values for Urban Roads by Considering the Effect of Signalized Intersections under Mixed Traffic Conditions
Authors: Raj Jithin
Published: May 2022

Along with multiple classes of vehicles, frequent signalized intersections on the urban roads and the platoons thus created add complexity to the estimation of Passenger Car Units (PCU). Under such scenarios of interrupted traffic, a new approach based on platoon movement of vehicles is introduced for the realistic estimation of PCU values for urban roads by incorporating the appropriate vehicle behavior and interactions. The PCU values were derived by finding the trade-off between the speed reduction caused by the flow of passenger cars and other vehicle classes, as per the given definition by Transport Research Laboratory (TRL). However, the speed-flow, as well as the speed-density relations, were analyzed and found that later is preferred for the realistic estimation of PCUs for urban roads. The speed reduction is modeled using multiple linear regression with field data collected from typical urban roads characterized by platoon flow in Mumbai city (India).
Prosódia das interrogativas neutra e sarcástica: como leitores mais escolarizados e menos escolarizados recuperam aspectos pragmáticos na leitura em voz alta
Authors: Santos Alcione de Jesus , Pacheco Vera
Published: May 2022

A fim de correlacionar proficiência leitora e aspectos prosódicos, caracterizamos a leitura em voz alta de leitores em diferentes níveis de escolaridade quanto ao comportamento acústico de interrogativas sarcásticas e neutras. Buscamos mostrar como esses diferentes perfis de leitores processam aspectos pragmáticos do texto escrito. Para isso, produzimos textos com frases-alvo interrogativas sarcásticas e frases-alvo interrogativas neutras. Os textos foram lidos em voz alta e gravados para análise acústica. Os escores brutos foram submetidos a análises estatísticas. O teste estatístico evidenciou diferenças significativas entre a interrogativa sarcástica e a interrogativa neutra. Verificamos que as medidas acústicas de F0 são aumentadas na interrogativa sarcástica, para os grupos mais escolarizados.
A violência contra a mulher no Brasil: repercussão pública do machismo estrutural
Authors: De Paula Luciane , Sant'ana Carolina Gomes
Published: May 2022

O Brasil vive um período de ascensão da extrema direita, liderada por Bolsonaro, com seu negacionismo, fundamentalismo e militarismo, com o fomento à violência e às discriminações a diversos grupos, inclusive contra a mulher.  Os números de feminicídio e os índices de violência doméstica e de estupro de 2019 e 2020 são alarmantes. Este artigo propõe uma análise de discursos dos casos Robinho e Marcius Melhem, acusados de cometerem violências contra mulheres, com grande repercussão em 2020, por envolverem figuras públicas. O objetivo é analisar como os discursos de violência contra a mulher se fortalecem. A fundamentação teórica se calca nos conceitos de ideologia e dialogia dos estudos bakhtinianos, bem como nos estudos feministas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa-interpretativa fundada na dialética-dialógica, com uso de cotejo. A relevância social justifica a reflexão proposta. Os resultados confirmam que o reforço social naturaliza e incentiva atos de violência contra a mulher, que, de vítima, passa a algoz, e acirra desigualdades e violência de gênero.
Effect of antigravity moon shoes on gait cycle in children with diplegic cerebral palsy
Authors: Ibrahim Nahla M. , Attia Raghda Gamal , Shoukry Kamal El-Sayed
Published: May 2022

Introduction

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of antigravity moon shoes on the values of stance and swing phases of the gait cycle in children with diplegia.

Methods

The study involved 30 children with spastic diplegia, aged 6–8 years, of both genders. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: A and B. All children were evaluated before and after 4 successive months of a rehabilitation program with 2-dimension gait analysis for measuring step lengths and values of stance and swing phases for both lower limbs. Both groups received a designed program which included stretching exercises for tight flexors of the lower limbs, progressive resisted exercises for extensors, and standing and weight shifting exercises. In addition, classical gait training was applied in group A and gait training with antigravity moon shoes in group B. Mann-Whitney U test served to assess differences in means of step length between the groups. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to evaluate differences in means of step length and values of stance and swing phases during gait cycles.

Results

Post-treatment results revealed a decrease in step lengths and stance phase values, as well as increased values of swing phase for both groups. The changes were more significant in group B.

Conclusions

Antigravity moon shoes are a new idea to improve gait pattern in children with diplegia by decreasing stance time and increasing swing time in the gait cycle.
Effect of a mask-type craniocervical brace on head posture during computer typing in individuals with forward head posture
Authors: Yoon Taelim , Lee Jihyun
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Craniocervical braces decreased poor posture, but they were uncomfortable and difficult to wear. Thus, the purpose of this study was to (1) design a new forward head posture (FHP) brace that would be comfortable and aesthetically pleasing, (2) analyse the immediate effect of using a mask-type craniocervical brace, (3) analyse the time interval when FHP may become worse in individuals with FHP.

Methods

The mask-type brace was made of very light flexible plastic with the use of a 3D printer. Uverall, 32 volunteers typed for 15 minutes with and without the brace. Photogrammetric analysis was applied to calculate forward head angle. A greater forward head angle indicates a less protracted head.

Results

Wearing the brace for 15 minutes significantly increased the forward head angle as compared with when the brace was not worn. The forward head angle significantly decreased at 15 minutes compared with the status at 0 and 1 minutes.

Conclusions

The use of the mask-type craniocervical brace is a viable option for preventing deterioration of FHP during typing activities that last for more than 15 minutes.
Patients experience of their first homeopathic consultation at Cato Ridge homeopathic community health centre, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors:   , Nyawose Mzwandile Enerst
Published: May 2022

Cato Ridge Homoeopathic Community Health Centre (CRHCHC) is situated at Cato Ridge, under the uMgungundlovu District-Mkhambathini municipality (Mkhizwana village). It is a multidisciplinary health care center consisting of specialties from the Durban University of Technology-Faculty of Health Sciences, namely: Nursing, Chiropractic, and Homoeopathy. These specialties provide comprehensive primary health care services which include screening tests for HIV, Diabetes, and Pregnancy, etc. They also offer referral letters to clinics/hospitals for all conditions beyond their scope of practice, management of minor/acute conditions, prescription of chronic medication, comprehensive homoeopathy and chiropractic treatment as well as patient management. The centre operates only on Wednesdays from 9h00 to 15h00 . CRHCHC was established in 2016 by Durban University of Technology (DUT), to help the Mkhizwana village community with a nearby community health centre where they will receive medical attention. This community centre is unique in that it is in a rural area and there are no nearby healthcare facilities. The closest healthcare facility is RK Khan, located 60 Km away from Mkhizwana village. Since this centre was recently opened, a survey on patient experience is important to assess the centre from the community’s perspective. Aim of the study The study aimed to determine the experiences of patients after their first Homoeopathic consultation and their satisfaction with service delivery at CRHCHC. Methodology A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study design was used to guide the study. 100 consenting patients were selected randomly and given a questionnaire. The Data was analysed using Microsoft office Excel 2019 and SPSS version 25 software. Results The result showed a high degree of satisfaction on homoeopathic consultation. The majority of the participants were satisfied with the homoeopathic consultation which includes medication, information and advice, length of consultation, love and care shown by the homoeopathy students. Furthermore, the majority of the participants were satisfied with the manner in which the homoeopathic students conduct themselves as well as their professionalism. However, the majority of the participants highlighted that there is a need for a proper clinic and for the centre to operate every day rather than just one day a week.
TÍCH HỢP GIÁO DỤC CHỦ QUYỀN BIỂN, ĐẢO TRONG DẠY HỌC ĐỊA LÍ LỚP 9 TRƯỜNG PHỔ THÔNG TUYÊN QUANG
Authors: Quan Thị Dưỡng
Published: May 2022

Bảo vệ vững chắc chủ quyền biển, đảo Việt Nam là trách nhiệm thiêng liêng của mỗi công dân Việt Nam đối với lịch sử dân tộc, là nhân tố quan trọng bảo đảm cho dân tộc ta phát triển bền vững. Nghị quyết Đại hội lần thứ XI của Đảng chỉ rõ: “Mục tiêu, nhiệm vụ quốc phòng, an ninh là bảo vệ vững chắc độc lập, chủ quyền, thống nhất, toàn vẹn lãnh thổ; giữ vững chủ quyền biển, đảo, biên giới, vùng trời; bảo vệ Đảng, Nhà nước, nhân dân và chế độ xã hội chủ nghĩa…”. Trong bài viết này tác giả tập trung đưa tích hợp giáo dục chủ quyền biển, đảo vào trong dạy học địa lý lớp 9 với mục đích giáo dục lòng yêu nước và trách nhiệm của thế hệ trẻ trong công cuộc xây dựng và bảo vệ Tổ quốc.
Defending the Arctic Refuge
Authors: Dunaway Finis
Published: May 2022

Tucked away in the northeastern corner of Alaska is one of the most contested landscapes in all of North America: the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Considered sacred by Indigenous peoples in Alaska and Canada and treasured by environmentalists, the refuge provides life-sustaining habitat for caribou, polar bears, migratory birds, and other species. For decades, though, the fossil fuel industry and powerful politicians have sought to turn this unique ecosystem into an oil field. Defending the Arctic Refuge tells the improbable story of how the people fought back. At the center of the story is the unlikely figure of Lenny Kohm (1939–2014), a former jazz drummer and aspiring photographer who passionately committed himself to Arctic Refuge activism. With the aid of a trusty slide show, Kohm and representatives of the Gwich’in Nation traveled across the United States to mobilize grassroots opposition to oil drilling. From Indigenous villages north of the Arctic Circle to Capitol Hill and many places in between, this book shows how Kohm and Gwich’in leaders and environmental activists helped build a political movement that transformed the debate into a struggle for environmental justice.
In its final weeks, the Trump administration fulfilled a long-sought dream of drilling proponents: leasing much of the Arctic Refuge coastal plain for fossil fuel development. Yet the fight to protect this place is certainly not over. Defending the Arctic Refuge traces the history of a movement that is alive today—and that will continue to galvanize diverse groups to safeguard this threatened land.
Atmospheric gas-phase composition over the Indian Ocean
Authors: Tegtmeier Susann , Marandino Christa , Jia Yue , Quack Birgit , Mahajan Anoop S.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The Indian Ocean is coupled to atmospheric dynamics and chemical
composition via several unique mechanisms, such as the seasonally varying
monsoon circulation. During the winter monsoon season, high pollution levels are regularly observed over the entire northern Indian Ocean, while during the summer monsoon, clean air dominates the atmospheric composition, leading
to distinct chemical regimes. The changing atmospheric composition over the
Indian Ocean can interact with oceanic biogeochemical cycles and impact
marine ecosystems, resulting in potential climate feedbacks. Here, we review current progress in detecting and understanding atmospheric
gas-phase composition over the Indian Ocean and its local and global
impacts. The review considers results from recent Indian Ocean ship
campaigns, satellite measurements, station data, and information on
continental and oceanic trace gas emissions. The distribution of all major
pollutants and greenhouse gases shows pronounced differences between the
landmass source regions and the Indian Ocean, with strong gradients over the
coastal areas. Surface pollution and ozone are highest during the winter
monsoon over the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea coastal waters due to air mass advection from the Indo-Gangetic Plain and continental outflow from Southeast Asia. We observe, however, that unusual types of wind patterns can lead to pronounced deviations of the typical trace gas distributions. For example, the ozone distribution maxima shift to different regions under wind
scenarios that differ from the regular seasonal transport patterns. The
distribution of greenhouse gases over the Indian Ocean shows many
similarities when compared to the pollution fields, but also some
differences of the latitudinal and seasonal variations resulting from their
long lifetimes and biogenic sources. Mixing ratios of greenhouse gases such
as methane show positive trends over the Indian Ocean, but long-term changes
in pollution and ozone due to changing
emissions and transport patterns require further investigation. Although we know that changing atmospheric composition and
perturbations within the Indian Ocean affect each other, the impacts of
atmospheric pollution on oceanic biogeochemistry and trace gas cycling are
severely understudied. We highlight potential mechanisms, future research
topics, and observational requirements that need to be explored in order to
fully understand such interactions and feedbacks in the Indian Ocean region.
Identifying cloud droplets beyond lidar attenuation from vertically-pointing cloud radar observations using artificial neural networks
Authors: Schimmel Willi , Kalesse-Los Heike , Maahn Maximilian , Vogl Teresa , Foth Andreas , Garfias Pablo Saavedra , Seifert Patric
Published: May 2022

Abstract. In mixed-phase clouds, the variable mass ratio between liquid water and ice as well as the spatial distribution within the cloud plays an important role for cloud life time, precipitation processes, and the radiation budget. Data sets of vertically-pointing Doppler cloud radars and lidars provide insights into cloud properties at high temporal and spatial resolution. Cloud radars are able to penetrate multiple liquid layers and can potentially be used to expand the identification of cloud phase to the entire vertical column beyond the lidar signal attenuation height, by exploiting morphological features in cloud radar Doppler spectra that relate to the existence of supercooled liquid. We present VOODOO (reVealing supercOOled liquiD beyOnd lidar attenuatiOn), a deep convolutional neural network (CNN)-based retrieval mapping radar Doppler spectra to the probability for the presence of cloud droplets (CD). The training of the CNN was realized using the Cloudnet processing suite as supervisor. Once trained, VOODOO yields the probability for CD directly at Cloudnet grid resolution. Long-term predictions of 18 months in total from two mid-latitudinal locations, i.e. Punta Arenas, Chile (53.1 °S, 70.9 °W) in the Southern Hemisphere and Leipzig, Germany (51.3 °N, 12.4 °E) in the Northern Hemisphere are evaluated. Temporal and spatial agreement in cloud-droplet bearing pixel is found for the Cloudnet classification to the VOODOO prediction. Two suitable case-studies were selected, where stratiform, multi-layer and deep mixed-phase clouds were observed. Performance analysis of VOODOO via classification-evaluating metrics reveals precision >0.7, recall ≈ 0.7 and accuracy ≈ 0.8. Additionally, independent measurements of liquid water path (LWP) retrieved by a collocated microwave radiometer (MWR) is correlated to the adiabatic LWP, which is estimated using the temporal and spatial locations of cloud droplets from VOODOO and Cloudnet in connection with a cloud parcel model. This comparison resulted in stronger correlation for VOODOO (≈0.45) compared to Cloudnet (≈0.22) indicates the availability of VOODOO to identify CD beyond lidar attenuation. Furthermore, the long-term statistics for 18 months of observations are presented, analyzing the performance as function of MWR-LWP and confirming VOODOO's ability to identify cloud droplets reliably for clouds with LWP >100 g m-2. The influence of turbulence on the predictive performance of VOODOO was also analyzed and found to be minor. A synergy of the novel approach VOODOO and Cloudnet would complement each other perfectly and is planned to be incorporated into the Cloudnet algorithm chain in the near future.
Geothermal heat flux is the dominant source of uncertainty in englacial-temperature-based dating of ice-rise formation
Authors: Montelli Aleksandr , Kingslake Jonathan
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Ice rises are areas of locally grounded, slow-moving ice adjacent to floating ice shelves. Temperature profiles measured through ice rises contain information regarding changes to their dynamic evolution and external forcings, such as past surface temperatures, past accumulation rates and geothermal heat flux. While previous work has used borehole temperature-depth measurements to infer one or two such parameters, there has been no systematic investigation of parameter sensitivity to the interplay of multiple external forcings and dynamic changes. A one-dimensional vertical heat flow forward model developed here examines how changing forcings affect temperature profiles. Further, using both synthetic data and previous measurements from the Crary Ice Rise in Antarctica, we use our model in a Markov Chain Monte-Carlo inversion to demonstrate that this method has potential as a useful dating technique that can be implemented at ice rises across Antarctica. However, we also highlight the non-uniqueness of previous ice rise formation dating based on temperature profiles, showing that using nominal values for forcing parameters, without taking into account their realistic uncertainties, can lead to underestimation of dating uncertainty. In particular, geothermal heat flux represents the dominant source of uncertainty in ice-rise age estimation. For instance, in Crary Ice Rise higher heat flux values (i.e., about 90 mW m-2) yield grounding timing of 1400±800 years, whereas lower heat flux of around 60 mW m-2 implies earlier ice rise formation and lower uncertainties in the ice rise age estimations (500±250 years). We discuss the utility of this method in choosing future ice drilling sites and conclude that integrating this technique with other indirect dating methods can provide useful constraints on past forcings and changing boundary conditions from in-situ temperature-depth measurements.