bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Descriptive Study of Foodborne Disease Using Case Monitoring Data in Shandong Province, China, 2016-2017
Authors: WU Guangjian , WANG Liansen , WANG Qiang , HAN Ru , ZHAO Jinshan , CHU Zunhua , ZHUANG Maoqiang , ZHANG Yingxiu , WANG Kebo , XIAO Peirui , LIU Ya , DU Zhongjun
Published: May 2019

Background: In order to generate data on the burden of foodborne diseases in Shandong Province, we aimed to use the case monitoring data of foodborne diseases from 2016 to 2017 to estimate.
Methods: Data were obtained from the foodborne disease surveillance reporting system with dates of onset from Jan 1, 2016, to Dec 31, 2017, in Shandong, China.
Results: The places of food exposure were categorized by settings as follows: private home, catering facility, collective canteens, retail markets, rural banquets and other. Exposed food is divided into 23 categories. Overall incidence rate and proportions by exposure categories, age, and sex-specific incidence rates were calculated and sex proportions compared. Approximately 75.00% of cases who had at least one exposure settings were in private homes. The most frequently reported exposed food was a variety of food (meaning more than two kinds of food). The two-year average incidence rate was 75.78/100,000, sex-specific incidence rate was much higher for females compared to males (78.23 vs. 74.69 cases per 100,000 population). An age-specific trend was observed in the cases reported (Chi-Square for linear trend, χ2=4.39, P=0.036<0.05).
Conclusion: A preliminary estimate of 14 million cases of foodborne diseases in Shandong province each year. Future studies should focus on cross-sectional and cohort studies to facilitate the assessment of the distribution and burden of foodborne disease of the population in Shandong. Considering strengthening the burden of foodborne diseases in foodborne disease surveillance is also a feasible way.
Enteric Opportunistic Infection and the Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV/AIDS Patients from Tehran, Iran
Authors: MASOUMI-ASL Hossein , KHANALIHA Khadijeh , BOKHARAEI-SALIM Farah , ESTEGHAMATI Abdoulreza , KALANTARI Saeed , HOSSEINYRAD Maryam
Published: May 2019

Background: Opportunistic parasites have been identified as human pathogens, especially in immunodeficient patients. Microsporidian and coccidian infections cause chronic diarrhea as common clinical manifestation in HIV positive patients. In this study, the frequency of opportunistic infections, including microsporidian and coccidian infections, was evaluated in HIV/AIDS patients from Tehran and phylogenic analysis was performed for E. bieneusi isolates from these patients.
 Methods: One hundred and two stool samples were collected from confirmed HIV/AIDS patients, referred to Consult Center of Behavior Diseases, West Health Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. The samples were transferred to Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences from Jan 2016 to Dec 2016. After conventional formalin-ether concentration, aniline blue staining method and acid-fast staining technique were used for detection of microsporidian spores and Cyclospora oocysts. DNA was extracted and nested PCR was performed.
Results: Two (1.96%) cases were found to be positive for intestinal microsporidia infection using aniline blue staining method and were confirmed as E. bieneusi by nested PCR. One patient was found with Cyclospora cayetanensis infection by acid-fast staining method and PCR. Giardia lamblia and Blastocystis hominis were detected as non-opportunistic parasites in 1/102 (0.98%) and 2/102 (1.96%) of the HIV positive patients, respectively.
Conclusion: With respect to the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV positive patients, we found a low frequency of infection.
Molecular Phylogenetic Variability of Fasciola gigantica in Iran
Authors: RAEGHI Saber , ROUHANI Soheila , FASIHI HARANDI Majid , SPOTIN Adel , GHODSIAN Sahar
Published: May 2019

Background: Fascioliasis is one of important zoonotic disease caused by Fasciola gigantica and F. hepatica. The final hosts of this parasite are ruminants and humans. Iran is one of the endemic areas in the world, about six million people at risk of infection. The aim of this study was to identify and determine the genetic diversity of Fasciola species in cattle after distinguish of their species.
Methods: One hundred and seventeen liver specimens collected from naturally infected cattle in 5 geographical regions in 2014-2017. Flukes stained with Hematoxylin-Carmine dye to examine for the existence of sperm within seminal vesicles. DNA was extracted from each individual, and ITS1, ND1and CO1 genes were amplified using specific primers. For discrimination of Fasciola species, ITS1 PCR-RFLP was used based on digestion pattern of RsaI enzyme. Genetic analyses and diversity and neutrality indices estimated by Dnasp5 based on NDI.
Results: Six nonspermic and 111 spermic flukes were diagnosed. All of nonspermic specimens were F. gigantica and collected from South East, South West and North West of Iran. Genetic haplotype diversity has been observed in F. gigantica based on ND1. Fst value analysis showed that minimum and maximum genetic difference between Iranian F. gigantica with Bangladesh (Fst = 0.01414) and Egypt (Fst = 0.36653) respectively.
Conclusion: It is the first report of existing of nonspermic Fasciola. High haplotype and nucleotide diversity could be due to ecological factors in life cycle, animal migration and coexisting of the final host of this parasite. Haplotype and nucleotide diversity of spermic F. gigantica in Iran and other countries in the world led to creating a variety of haplogroups.
A Decomposition Analysis of Inequality in Malnutrition among Under-Five Children in Iran: Findings from Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey, 2010
Authors: ALMASIAN KIA Abdollah , GOODARZI Sahar , ASADI Heshmatollah , KHOSRAVI Ardeshir , REZAPOUR Aziz
Published: May 2019

Background: Nutritional status at the early stages of children’s lives is essential for growth and development not only in infancy but also in adult life. This study aimed to measure the inequality in malnutrition among under-five children in Iran and explore the impact of socioeconomic factors on this inequality using a regression-based decomposition approach.
Methods: Data were extracted from Iran's Multiple-Indicator Demographic and Health Survey 2010. The concentration index of stunting, underweight, and wasting were applied in order to measure the magnitude of socioeconomic inequality in child malnutrition. Moreover, the concentration indices were decomposed to understand the contribution of socioeconomic variables in childhood malnutrition inequality.
Results: The obtained concentration indices of stunting, underweight, and wasting were respectively -0.177, -0.092, and -0.031. Socioeconomic inequality in stunting and underweight was statistically significant, however this socioeconomic gradient was not observed in wasting. More than 50% of the inequality in stunting and about 63% of the inequality in underweight were influenced by socioeconomic status. Furthermore, maternal education was associated with 19% and 22% of inequality in stunting and underweight respectively.
Conclusion: The average reduction of malnutrition indices at the national level hides the burden of malnutrition among children in poor families. If government and policymakers seek to solve this problem, they have to take direct and targeted actions to eliminate the existing inequalities in the socioeconomic determinants associated with malnutrition.
Safety of Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Patients with Egg Allergy in Kurdistan Province, Iran
Authors: TOZANDEHJANI Sima , NASIRI KALMARZI Rasoul , KHODABANDEHLOO Mazaher , KASHEFI Hajar
Published: May 2019

Background: Most influenza vaccines are grown in embryonated eggs and residual egg proteins can cause allergic reactions in patients with egg allergy. The aim of the present study was to determine the safety of inactivated influenza vaccine in patients with egg allergy in Kurdistan Province, Iran.
Methods: This case-control study was done on 876 patients referred to Kurdistan Asthma and Allergy Clinic, Sanandaj, Iran; 635 patients with egg allergy (cases) and 241 patients without egg allergy (controls) from 2012 to 2016. All of the patients were injected seasonal influenza vaccine. Side effects including anaphylactic shock, local reaction, vomiting, coughing, sneezing, wheezing, low blood pressure, redness and itching in the eyes, abdominal pain, dyspnea, oral/facial angioedema, swollen and itching of throat were checked by an allergist within 30 min after vaccination, and followed up to 24 h. Demographic and vaccination data were entered into the SPSS software and analyzed.
Results: Out of 876 patients, 460 (52.5%) were male. Patients' ages ranged from 6 months to 80 yr (mean 13.38 ± 15.22 SD). Overall, 63 patients with egg allergy had local reactions to vaccine. Difference of local reactions between case and control groups was statistically significant (P=0.001). No anaphylactic reactions were seen after vaccination.
Conclusion: Although the risk of anaphylactic reactions to influenza vaccine in patients with egg allergy was rare, the vaccine should be administered by an allergist with precaution. The results of present study can be a confirmation of the existing evidences to prevent acute complications to influenza vaccine.
Environmental Pollution in Shanghai Hospital Departments in Terms of PM2.5
Authors: GUO Erbao , SHEN Henggen
Published: May 2019

The abstract not available.
Hydatid Cyst of the Lung in Children: A Diagnosis Not to Be Missed
Authors: Khalil BEN ABDALLAH Ahmed , ZOUARI Mohamed , HAJ MANSOUR Manel , ABID Imen , BEN DHAOU Mahdi , JALLOULI Mohamed , MHIRI Riadh
Published: May 2019

The abstract not available.
Academic Staff’s Opinion on Their Job Satisfaction
Authors: DIMOVA Rositsa , STOYANOVA Rumyana , HARIZANOVA Stanislava , TARNOVSKA Miglena , KESKINOVA Donka
Published: May 2019

The abstract not available.
Language Communication Skills in Health and Social Care Workers
Authors: MACKINOVA Monika , KOPINEC Pavol , HOLONIC Jan , STANCIAK Jaroslav
Published: May 2019

The abstract not available.
DermaDermal Health of Metal Machinistsetal Machinists
Authors: JABBAR Mohammed , HASHIM Zailina , ZAINUDDIN Huda , HAMAT Rukman , Sann LYE Munn
Published: May 2019

The abstract not available.
Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Radical Prostatectomy versus Watchful Waiting in Localized Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: NOUHI Mojtaba , Masood MOUSAVI Seyed , OLYAEEMANESH Alireza , SHAKSISALIM Nasser , AKBARI SARI Ali
Published: May 2019

Background: The present study aimed to compare the long-term clinical and functional outcomes of patients with clinically localized prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy compared to the watchful waiting.
Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and reference lists of relevant marker studies were scrutinized from inception to Jan 2018. Two reviewers conducted data abstraction and quality assessment of included trials independently. Quality of included studies were assessed by using Cochrane checklist. Inverse-variance and Mantel-Haenszel estimates under random effects model were used to pool results as relative risks with 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity was assessed by using I2.
Results: Three randomized controlled trials with 1568 participants were included. Compared to watchful waiting, radical prostatectomy had no significant effect on all-cause mortality at 12-year follow-up. However, radical prostatectomy had significant effect on reducing prostate-cause mortality at 12-year follow-up. We found significant lower prostate-cause mortality in patients with PSA>10 and GS≥7 scores who had undergone radical prostatectomy compared with patients in watchful waiting group. In addition, younger patients undergoing surgery developed lower distant metastases rate compared to another approach. Watchful waiting had a significant effect on erectile and urinary incontinence during 2 years.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference between radical prostatectomy and watchful waiting on all-cause mortality. However, the radical prostatectomy was associated with statistically lower prostate-cause mortality and metastases rates. Compared with older men, younger men experienced better clinical outcomes. Moreover, watchful waiting had better effect on reducing erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence among patients during 2 years compared to radical prostatectomy.
Stewardship in Health; Designing a Multi-Layer Meta Model: A Review Article
Authors: NASIRI Taha , TAKIAN Amirhossein , YAZDANI Shahram
Published: May 2019

Background: In the current study, we aimed to explain the concept of stewardship by employing a critical review perspective and, finally, to develop a model.
Methods: Critical review method and Carnwell and Daly approach and using particular keywords related to stewardship, and searching databases were used. In the initial search, until 2018, 1050 studies were obtained, which using targeted sampling method, 32 studies were finally selected. Then, selected studies were criticized and finally, and the conceptual model of stewardship was designed and explained.
Conclusion: Some studies mentioned the governance and stewardship as same concepts, while our results showed that policy-making, governance and leadership, and many other concepts, can be categorized as a part of stewardship
Hospital Real-Time Location System-A Practical Approach in Healthcare: A Narrative Review Article
Authors: GHOLAMHOSSEINI Leila , SADOUGHI Farahnaz , SAFAEI Aliasghar
Published: May 2019

Background: The Hospital Real-time Location Systems (HRTLS), deal with monitoring the patients, medical staff and valuable medical equipment in emergency situations. Therefore, the study aimed to propose Hospital Real-Time Location Systems based on the novel technologies in Iran.
Methods: In this narrative-review, the articles and official reports on HRTLS, were gathered and analyzed from related textbooks and indexing sites with the defined keywords in English or Persian. The search of databases such as IDTechEx, IEEE, PubMed Central, Science Direct, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Scopus, Web of Science, Elsevier journals, WHO publications and Google Scholar was performed to reconfirm the efficiency of HRTLS from 2006 to 2017.
Results: Various technologies have been used in the current systems, which have led to the reduced error rate, costs and increased speed of providing the healthcare services. Applications of these systems include tracking of patient’s, medical staff and valuable medical assets. Besides, achieving the patient & staff satisfaction is among other basic applications of these Systems. The accurate data exchange and processes control are considered as positive aspects of this technology.
Conclusion: HRTLS has great importance in healthcare systems and its efficiency in medical centers is reliable; hence, it seems necessary to determine the organization’s requirements, apply novel technologies such as cloud computing and Internet of things, and integrate them to get access to maximum advantages in Iranian healthcare centers.
The Effect of Mother-Infant Skin to Skin Contact after Birth on Third Stage of Labor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: KARIMI Fatemeh Zahra , HEIDARIAN MIRI Hamid , SALEHIAN Maryam , KHADIVZADEH Talat , BAKHSHI Mohaddese
Published: May 2019

Background: One of the causes of postpartum hemorrhage is prolongation of third stage of labor. Mother-infant skin to skin contact (SSC) immediately after delivery is one of the non-pharmacological interventions to reduce this stage. Studies which assessed the effect of mother-infant SSC after delivery on duration of the third stage of labor reported controversial results on this issue. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of mother-infant SSC immediately after birth on the duration of third stage of labor
Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, SID, Magiran IranDoc and Google Scholar were searched from 2000 to 2018, using the keywords related to the objectives of this review to access randomized control trials published in Persian or English. The quality of papers was examined using Cochran's Risk of bias tool. Data was analyzed using Stata software. We used I2 index and Chi-square test to investigate heterogeneity and Egger’s and Begg’s tests to assess publications bias. Random effects model was used to combine the data.
Results: Six studies were entered into the meta-analysis. The third stage of labor in SSC group was shorter than that of control group with a mean difference of -1.33 and 95% CI (-2.31 to -0.36) and this difference was statistically significant (P=0.007).
Conclusion: Mother-infant SSC decreases the duration of third stage of labor. Therefore, the current study provides some evidences to use this non-pharmacological method in order to accelerate the third stage of labor and ultimately prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
Analysis of Scientific Collaboration Networks among Authors, Institutions, and Countries Studying Adolescent Myopia Prevention and Control: A Review Article
Authors: WU Wenwen , XIE Yaofei , LIU Xiangxiang , GU Yaohua , ZHANG Yuting , TU Xinlong , TAN Xiaodong
Published: May 2019

Background: Studies related to the prevention and control of myopia in adolescents have increased rapidly, but only a few have measured the levels of scientific collaboration among authors, institutions and countries in this field. Thus, in this study, we aimed to reveal the status and levels of scientific collaboration in this field.
Methods: The research population included all published papers in the field of adolescent myopia prevention and control indexed in the Web of Science databases from 1997-2016. The co-authorship networks were drawn using SATI (Statistical Analysis Toolkit for Informetrics), Ucinet and VOS viewer (Visualisation of Similarities viewer). Active authors and some measures of co-author network, including degree centrality, closeness, betweenness, density and diameter, were also assessed.
Results: Overall, 610 records were obtained, and a number of publications developed through an increase in different collaboration types, with cooperation among authors and institutions as the most apparent ones. The top ten active authors and institutions were identiﬁed. The density of cooperative networks of the top 70 authors and the first 69 institutions were 0.043 and 0.011, respectively, with corresponding diameters of five and six, respectively. Seven distinct clusters formed the cooperation network among 38 countries. The top three clusters were centered in China, the United States and Australia, also identified as the most productive countries.
Conclusion: The flow of information is slow and the collaboration among authors and institutions in the network are not close enough. Thus, multiple collaboration types should be encouraged in this field, especially among countries.
Tissue and Serum Trace Elements Concentration among Colorectal Patients: A Systematic Review of Case-Control Studies
Authors: Mohammed NAWI Azmawati , CHIN Siok-Fong , AZHAR SHAH Shamsul , JAMAL Rahman
Published: May 2019

Background: Trace elements play a pivotal role in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) inhibition and development process. This systematic review provides the basic comparison of case-control studies focusing on concentration of trace elements between those with CRC and controls
Methods: The systematic review searched through two databases of Medline and Cochrane up to 24th June 2017. The search strategy focused on Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO). We searched the role of trace elements in cancer and focusing on case-control studies in CRC to obtain an insight into the differences in trace element concentrations between those with and without cancer.
Results: The serum concentrations of Ca, Cu, Mg, Mn, Se, Si, and Zn were lower in CRC patients but for Co and S the levels were higher in CRC patients. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Zn were increased in patients with metastasis, but not in Se. As for colon tissue specimens, inconsistent levels were reported between studies, notably in Cu, Se, and Zn. No changes were reported for B and Ca levels. Most of the trace elements in the tissue specimens showed higher concentrations of Cr, Fe, K, Mg, P, Rb, S, and Si compared to Br.
Conclusion: With the growing interest to understand the link between trace elements in carcinogenesis and the possible interactions, multi assessment analysis of a larger cohort of samples is necessary.
A Comprehensive, Epidemiological and Ecological Descriptive Study on Vitamin D Status in Iran (308005 People, from 2009-2018)
Authors: D. FARHUD Dariush , MEHRABI Atefeh , SARAFNEJAD Abdolfattah , SADEGHIPOUR Hamid Reza , RAHIMIFOROUSHANI Abbas , Bagher ROKNI Mohammdad , MAJIDI Keyvan , ALIZADEH Ahad , ZARIF-YEGANEH Marjan , JALALI Maryam , JALALI Mahmoud , AMIR ZARGAR Ali Akbar , KHOSRAVI Farideh , MOMENI Amir , KHAZENI Mohammad , HENDIANI Asadallah , AHMADI Mehdi , DEHSHIRI Alireza , RASOOLI Payam
Published: May 2019

Background: Vitamin D is an essential substance for absorption of calcium and phosphorus from intestine so it is vital for muscles and skeletal development. Deficiency of this vitamin is pandemic. The vitamin D status depends on the different factors such as UV exposure, diet, and ecological features of living location, age and gender. The aim of this study was to describe the vitamin D level in different provinces of Iran and to investigate the association between vitamin D status and multiple variables.
Methods: We collected the serum 25(OH)D (Vitamin D) level data of 308,005 people referred to different laboratories from 30 provinces of Iran and organized them by each province, year, age, gender, precipitation, latitude and longitude, and humidity over 10 yr (2009-2018). Data were analyzed to find out the correlation between age, gender, longitude and latitude, humidity and sum of precipitation.
Results: West Azerbaijan had the highest level of vitamin D with a mean level of 33.24 and a standard deviation of 32.001, and North Khorasan had the lowest level with a mean level of 14.46 and a standard deviation of 8.980 among 30 provinces of Iran. The correlation between all studied variables (age, and gender, latitude and longitude, humidity, the sum of precipitation) was significant (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The average total vitamin D level in Iran is 25.41 ng/ml, which is within the area of deficiency. Vitamin D is associated with age, and gender, latitude and longitude, humidity, the sum of precipitation. So changes in any of these variables can lead to vitamin D alteration.
Effects of Customized Long-Message Service and Phone-Based Health-Coaching on Elderly People with Hypertension
Authors: KIM Myoungsuk
Published: May 2019

Background: We aimed to develop long-message services (LMS) and phone-based health-coaching for community-dwelling seniors diagnosed with hypertension and assess the effects of the programs implemented both separately and together. These programs are easily applicable to seniors diagnosed with hypertension and will help control their blood pressure (BP) in a practical manner.
Methods: We conducted a single-blinded, randomized, controlled pragmatic trial. Individuals aged 65 years or older with hypertension at two senior welfare centers in Seoul, South Korea, who were able to take phone calls and check text messages were enrolled. The study included 124 participants: 31 in the control group, 30 in the health-coaching group, 32 in the LMS group, and 31 in the health-coaching-with-LMS group.
Results: Phone-based health-coaching with LMS was effective in improving medication adherence, hypertension self-efficacy, and self-management behavior and decreasing systolic BP as compared to LMS only. There were also improvements in medication adherence, hypertension-related knowledge, hypertension self-efficacy, self-management behavior, and systolic BP in the LMS group as compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Using phone-based health-coaching with LMS was effective for managing hypertension in community-dwelling seniors diagnosed with hypertension and could become a useful intervention method.
Why Patients with Chronic Disease Keep Silent? Analysis of Item Nonresponse in Rural China
Authors: MAO Yiqing , FENG Zhanchun , TANG Shangfeng , WU Tailai , WANG Ruoxi , FENG Da , CHEN Xiaoyu
Published: May 2019

Background: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of item nonresponse and examine the factors affecting the refusal or failure to respond of patients with chronic disease in rural China.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey data from patients with chronic disease from rural China were analyzed. A total of 1,099 patients were enrolled. Chi-square test and cumulative logistic regression determined the predictors of having item nonresponse.
Results: The respondents in central provinces (OR = 2.311, 95%CI = 0.532~1.144, P < 0.001) with over eight household members (OR = 0.067, 95%CI = -1.632~-0.349, P = 0.002), multiple chronic diseases (OR = 0.301, 95%CI = -1.673~-0.727, P < 0.001), and low health knowledge level (OR = 2.112, 95%CI = 0.405~1.090, P < 0.001) had more item nonresponse numbers. Compared with the participants with high school education level and above, the item nonresponse number seemed to increase when the participants were illiterate (OR = 2.159, 95%CI = 0.254~1.285, P = 0.003), had primary school education (OR = 2.161, 95%CI = 0.249~1.294, P = 0.004) and junior school education (OR = 2.070, 95%CI = 0.160~1.296, P = 0.012).
Conclusion: This study indicates the influencing factors of the item nonresponse in survey of patients with chronic disease in rural China. This study contributes to investigation practice and highlights that health institutions should improve the quality of follow-up services. Moreover, the government should pay more attention to the care of vulnerable groups, especially patients with chronic disease in rural areas.
Self-Perception of Gerontoism According to Social Support and Family Functionality
Authors: KOCH FILHO Herbert Rubens , De Azevedo KOCH Luiza Foltran , KUSMA Solena Ziemer , IGNÁCIO Sérgio Aparecido , MOYSÉS Simone Tetu , Azevedo ALANIS Luciana Ribeiro , Marilisa Carneiro Leão GABARDO Marilisa Carneiro Leão GABARDO , MOYSÉS Samuel Jorge
Published: May 2019

Background: The gerontoism, a neologism adopted here, is a form of discrimination regarding age and can occur in rational, emotional, and behavioral contexts, and could be influenced by many factors. This study aimed to identify if the social support and the family functionality interfere in the self-perception of gerontoism.
Methods: Participants were 376 elderly in good physical and mental condition. They participated in the Group Living organization in the Municipality of Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil, in 2012.  Information was collected about sociodemographic profile using a structured questionnaire. The social support, the family functionality, and the self-perception of gerontoism were defined by the Medical Outcomes Study, the Family APGAR index, and Ageism Survey, respectively. The variables were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient, One Way ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD test, and the Student’s t-test.
Results: Most of the participants came from small cities from the interior (48.7%), were female (94.4%), with age ranging 60-69 yr-old (45.5%), whites (76.1%), widowers (47.1%), with children (93.9%), with low schooling (55.3%), with family income from 1-2 minimum wage (31.4%), and retirees not working (44.1%). It was not observed correlation between sociodemographic variables and self-perception of gerontoism. Statistical significance was observed between self-perception of gerontoism and social support (r= -0.26, P=0.00), and between the self-perception and family functionality (r = -0.28, P=0.00). Once the scores of self-perception of gerontoism increased, the ones from social support and family functionality, decreased.
Conclusion: Lower self-perception of gerontoism was observed in elderly with higher social support and family functionality.
Clinical Significance of Detection of Coagulation Indexes, Immune Factors and Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension Syndrome in China
Authors: SHI Fengmei , YU Aijun , YUAN Limei
Published: May 2019

Background: To investigate the clinical significance of monitoring the coagulation indexes, immune factors and inflammatory factors in pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH).
Methods: 90 pregnant women with PIH admitted in Weihaiwei People's Hospital of Shandong Province, China from 2016 to 2017 were collected, including 45 cases in mild-moderate group and 45 cases in severe group. Another 45 normal pregnant women at the same period were selected as control group. The immune indexes, four index signs of coagulation bloods and serum inflammatory factors in three groups of subjects were determined.
Results: The levels of complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were successively increased in severe PIH group, mild-moderate PIH group and normal pregnancy group (P<0.05). Compared with those in normal pregnancy group, the levels of PT, APTT and TT were significantly decreased and Fib levels were significantly increased in PIH groups (P<0.05). Compared with those in normal pregnant women, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in pregnant women with PIH were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the changes in severe PIH group were more obvious than those in mild-moderate group.
Conclusion: Pregnant women with PIH are in a hypercoagulable state and have a higher risk of thrombus and secondary hyperfibrinolysis. Immune factors and inflammatory factors are also associated with the occurrence and development of the disease. Monitoring the changes in coagulation indexes and levels of immune factors and inflammatory factors provide an important reference value for clinical treatment and prevention of complications.
ANALYSIS OF ISLAMIC TEACHING ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE NATURAL ECONOMIC GROWTH CONCEPT
Authors: Riyadi Agung , Budi Santosa Purbayu , Purwaningsih Yunastiti , Wardhono Adhitya
Published: May 2019

Purpose of Study: The aim of this paper is analyzing Islamic teaching on economic growth. Methodology: The methods are the constructing method to differ Islamic teaching from the economic growth concept and the conceptualizing method to form the Islamic economic growth concept. Results: The results are Islamic teaching prefers to place economic growth as an implicit issue, while economic right as an explicit issue and the Islamic economic growth rate is the natural economic growth rate that contains social surplus. The rate is higher than the population growth rate. Other results are a normal industry and the Bayt al-mal is not as an instrument of fiscal and monetary policies. The concept can be compared to the Historical, Keynesian and Classical and Neoclassical concepts. Implications/Applications: The Islamic economic growth concept can be used to avoid economic problems, to cause economy runs normally and to have a social surplus.
Conversor Boost Isolado de Alto Ganho de Tensão com Retificador Multiplicador de Tensão Cockcroft-Walton
Authors: Andrade António M. S. S. , Meurer André P. , Martins Mário L. da S.
Published: May 2019

Neste artigo é apresentada uma proposta conversor CC-CC isolado de alto ganho de tensão. O conversor proposto é resultado da combinação do conversor boost isolado com um retificador multiplicador de tensão Cockcroft-Walton. As principais características do conversor proposto em relação ao conversor boost isolado são: alto ganho de tensão; baixo esforço de tensão nos interruptores; baixo esforço de tensão nos diodos. A análise estática com as etapas de operação, formas de onda do conversor no modo de condução contínua, metodologia de projeto e estimativa de perdas são mostradas. Com o objetivo de verificar o desempenho do conversor proposto, um protótipo foi implementado considerando um painel fotovoltaico de 200 W como fonte de energia, alcançando uma eficiência de 95,48 %.
The Impact of Youth's Biospheric Interests on their Awareness and Expectations about Nuclear Power Technology in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Niankara Ibrahim
Published: May 2019

Relying on the United Arab Emirates (UAE) extract from the cross-national data sample on the environmental affection and cognition of adolescent students, and seemingly unrelated bivariate weighted ordered probit regression modeling, this study adopts a national perspective to investigate the determinants of adolescent students' awareness and expectations about nuclear power technology and nuclear waste in the UAE. Identification of model parameters is achieved through maximum simulated likelihood estimation. The findings show that each level increase in UAE youth's interest in ecosystem services and sustainability raises their awareness of nuclear electrical power and nuclear waste by 13.5%, while reducing by 2.4% their level of optimism towards the technology. Furthermore, we find significant heterogeneity in youth awareness and expectations about nuclear power technology across the seven Emirates. Accounting for all other factors (including interest in ecosystem services), UAE youth awareness about nuclear electrical power technology appears to not significantly influence their expectations about the evolution of this technology for the next 20 years. Given that the UAE first nuclear power plant ``Barakah'' is scheduled to start operations end of 2019 beginning 2020, and the typical long life-span of nuclear wastes, our results provide important insights for developing sustainable nuclear energy policies and establishing a long-term nuclear energy program in the UAE.
Isolation of Protease Inhibitors from Cyanobacteriaum Microcystis sp. Strain BM 25 Which Inhibits Major Digestive Enzyme in Daphnia magna
Authors: Hasan Md. Mohibul , Hasan Md. kamrul , Rashid M. Harun-or , Khayer Abul
Published: May 2019

Cyanobacterial mass developments in eutrophic ponds and lakes are a major concern for lake management, as many cyanobacteria produce a huge variety of toxic secondary metabolites, e.g. microcystins. The aim of this research was to culture a strain of the cyanobacterium Microcystis sp strain BM25, to observe its biomass production and to isolate and purify protease inhibitors from this cyanobacterial biomass. Different secondary metabolites were isolated following a standard bioassay-guideline.  Isolation was performed, with an enzymatic protease assay as bioassay. High performance liquid chromatography was used to identify different fractions of secondary metabolite from the strain BM25. Moreover, protease homogenates were isolated from Daphnia magna in order to test the inhibitors against naturally occurring major digestive proteases trypsin and chymotrypsin. It was measured that 60% MeOH and the 80% MeOH C18-SPE fraction inhibits chymotrypsin activity 98% (6 nmol pNA min-1 mg-1) and 99 % (4 nmol pNA min-1 mg-1), respectively. In contrast, trypsin activity was not inhibited by methanolic extracts of this cyanobacterium strain.
TRÊS NOTAS EXPLICATIVAS PARA A CULTURA HEGEMÔNICA DE ANTIPATIA DA PESQUISA EM GESTÃO EDUCACIONAL EM RELAÇÃO À GESTÃO EMPRESARIAL
Authors: Pauly Evaldo Luis , Ferreira da Silva Gilberto
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender como se dá a relação de antipatia da pesquisa em gestão educacional contra a gestão empresarial. Organizamos este texto a partir de três notas explicativas. A primeira delas é sobre um certo discurso marxista predominante na cultura metodológica da pesquisa sobre gestão educacional no Brasil. A segunda nota é a incongruência entre esta metodologia marxista e a meritocracia que determina a organização da educação republicana. A terceira nota refere-se à relação mal resolvida entre gestão escolar e a gestão voltada ao mercado. A pesquisa na gestão de mercado identifica problemas gerados por demandas dos consumidores que não são atendidas, a esse diagnóstico, segue-se uma proposta de possíveis soluções de mercado. Poderia a pesquisa em gestão educacional buscar soluções para os problemas em educação de forma tão objetiva?
İÇSEL PARA TEORİSİ VE JOAN ROBINSON
Authors: BÜYÜKILGAZ Utku
Published: May 2019

İçsel para, Post Keynesyen iktisadın en önemli kavramlarından biridir.
Post Keynesyen içsel para teorisi, banka kredilerinin para arzını belirlemedeki
önemine vurgu yapmaktadır. Ancak içsel para, Post Keynesyenlerin kendi
aralarında anlaşmazlığa düşmesine de yol açmaktadır.  Uyumcu ve yapısalcı olarak adlandırılan
yaklaşımlar, özellikle kredi tabanlı para arzı eğrisinin eğimi konusunda fikir
ayrılığı yaşamaktadırlar. Joan Robinson, Post Keynesyen literatüre eserleriyle
büyük katkılar veren iktisatçılardan biridir. Ancak para teorisine yaptığı
katkılar tartışmalıdır. Bir görüş onun çalışmalarını içsel para yaklaşımının
ilk örneklerinden sayarken, bir başka görüş paraya hiçbir zaman yeterli ilgi
göstermediğini ileri sürmektedir.
AYDIN SANCAĞI TİRE KAZASINDA BULUNAN VAKIFLARIN 1275 (H.) TARİHLİ MUHASEBE DEFTERİ
Authors: BEKCİ İsmail , APALI Ali
Published: May 2019

Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivleri’nde bulunan belgeler
arasında en fazla vakıf muhasebesi ile ilgili belgeler yer almaktadır. Bu
belgelerden “Aydın Sancağı’na ait
EV.5..15477” yer kodlu belge özelinde Osmanlı Devleti’nde vakıf muhasebesi
çalışmanın konusunu oluştururken, belgenin transkripsiyonunun yapılarak elde
edilen verilerin muhasebe tarihi disiplini çerçevesinde incelenmesi ise
çalışmanın amacını oluşturmuştur. yer
sınırı, 1275 (H.) tarihi çalışmanın zaman
sınırı ve vakıf muhasebesi de çalışmanın konu sınırı olarak belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu belge çözümlendiğinde,
vakıfların gelirleri ve bu gelirlerden dellaliye, cabi, kâtip, müfettiş
kesintilerinin yapıldığı, belgedeki kayıtların bazen müfredatlı bazen de icmal
şeklinde muhasebe işlemlerinin yapılmasının yanında merdiven sistemi ile
kayıtlanan belgede bazı muhasebe hatalarının da olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Determinants of Household Conspicuous Consumption on Wedding Ceremony in Adi-Keih, Eritrea
Authors: Teame Ghirmai Tesfamariam , Andoma Berhane Mehari , Tekleabb Filimon Haile , Arayac Yafiet Dawit , Ghebreabd Yonas Nuguse
Published: May 2019

The level of household consumption expenditure indicates and is critical for enhancing the level of economic development as well as the wellbeing and wealth of societies. Conspicuous consumption, one component of the household consumption expenditure, includes the practice of purchasing goods or services for public display of wealth or status-seeking rather than covering basic needs and is common practice in developed and developing economies. One form of conspicuous consumption, households engaged in, is the extravagant spending on wedding celebrations, which have grown prohibitively expensive over time. The study, based on an OLS model, tries to investigate the determinants of household conspicuous consumption on a wedding ceremony in Adi-Keih town, Eritrea. The result of the study, based on household survey data, shows that on the average, households spend more than twice of their annual income on the wedding ceremony. Moreover, it reports that age, religion and level of education of the head of household, the total yearly income of the household, and financial support from abroad have significant effects on the level of conspicuous consumption on wedding ceremony. Based on these, policies on how to minimize the disproportionately large amount of spending that is diverted to signalling status are recommended.
Occurrence and diversity of CRISPRs in Laribacter hongkongensis isolates from animals, environment and diarrhea patients in southern China
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Ling , Liu Zhihua , Guo Huijie , Liu Youzhao , Wang Zhiyun , Chen Qing , Hu Jing
Published: May 2019

Background

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins are functional elements of archaea and bacteria, and they form the genetic barrier that reduces the transformation of horizontal genes by an unknown mechanism.

Results

we searched for CRISPRs in 118 Laribacter hongkongensis strains isolated from patients, animals, and water reservoirs. Two CRISPR loci, designated CRISPR4.1 and CRISPR4.2, were identified in L. hongkongensis strains. A CRISPR4.1/cas system was detected in 91.5% (108/118) of the isolates and belonged to the I-F/Ypest subtype of CRISPR/cas systems, while the remaining ten strains only possessed cas genes without the CRISPR4.1 array. The CRISPR4.2 locus was an orphan locus and existed in 72.0% (85/118) L. hongkongensis strains. Meanwhile, a total of 2562 spacers and 980 unique spacers, arranged in 77 alleles, were found, including 1613 (579 unique, 40 alleles) for CRISPR4.1 and 949 (401 unique, 37 alleles) for CRISPR4.2. The results showed that limited spacers had matches in the plasmid (34), phage (19) and bacteria chromosomal sequences (4) from GenBank databases. Consequently, we found the diversity and activity of CRISPRs from human and frog isolates were closer and higher, respectively, than those of the fish isolates.

Conclusions

CRISPR4.1 and CRISPR4.2 exist extensively in L. hongkongensis and belong to the I-F/Ypest subtype. Our results indicate that the CRISPR4.1/cas system is a functional unit, and CRISPR4.2 is perhaps a degenerated and nonfunctional locus. Considering that the CRISPR4.1 locus is relatively active, diverse, and conserved at different levels, the biological functions, types, and epidemiological characteristics of CRISPR loci may be worth studying.
Platelet count and AST can reliably predict the onset of plasma leakage in dengue, a low-cost triage tool during epidemics
Authors: Medagama Arjuna , Dalugama Chamara , Meiyalakan Gukes , Lakmali Darshani
Published: May 2019

Background:
Dengue is one of the most important mosquito-borne viral infections to affect humans. It is most often a self-limiting febrile illness but in some instances can progress to plasma leakage and in extreme cases culminate in death. Dengue is endemic in Sri Lanka and 2017 saw the largest outbreak on record with over 160,000 cases and over 300 deaths. Health care services reached its’ limits coping with this epidemic.
The objective of this study was to identify reliable, low-cost, easily-accessible and objective predictors of Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) that can be used as a triage tool in epidemic situations.
Methodology/Principal findings:
Serologically confirmed 350 serial adult dengue patients were included in the study. 257 (73.4%) were classified as dengue fever (DF, non leakers) and 93 (26.5%) as DHF with plasma leakage. Bedside ultrasonography was used to identify plasma leakage. Bivariate and regression analysis showed platelet count (Pearson r 0.59), and AST (r 0.27) to be significantly correlated with plasma leakage and platelet count to have a moderate predictive association (R2 0.35) with plasma leakage. Platelet count <50,000/mm3 (OR 23.7; 95% CI 12.2-45.9), AST> twice, upper limit of normal (OR 7.5; 95% CI 3.9-14.3) and ALT> twice, upper limit of normal (OR 2.4; 95%CI 1.4-3.6) increased the likelihood of DHF.
In the final analysis, logistic regression identified platelet count <50,000/mm3 (OR 17.2; 95% CI 8.6-34.1) and AST>2ULN (OR 5.1, 95% CI 2.1-12.1) at time of plasma leakage as significant independent predictors of DHF.
ROC curve performed for Platelet count had an AUC of .89 and at a platelet count of 50,000/mm3 predicted DHF with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 79%. AUC for AST was 0.72 and at 93Iu/L predicted DHF with a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 60%.
Conclusion: We have identified 2 laboratory parameters that could be used to identify plasma leakage and might be useful to stratify dengue-infected patients at risk for developing severe dengue.
The relationship between postoperative hypoeosinophilia and hospital stay in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery under general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia: A retrospective study
Authors: Chen Liang , Liu Li , Yue Hongli , Li Jin , Lu Yu , Yan Heyan , Song Wanqing , Cui Weihua
Published: May 2019

Background

The inflammatory immune response is related to the development and progression of many diseases. Recent studies show that eosinophils (EOSs) are involved in various inflammatory processes and even affect patient prognosis. Various anesthetics or anesthesia methods have different effects on the immune inflammatory response. This study aimed to investigate early postoperative changes in EOSs and the relationship of postoperative recovery and hypoeosinophilia in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery under general or spinal anesthesia.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the patients who underwent hip fracture surgery at our hospital between April 2014 and November 2017. Patients were classified according to whether they received general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia. The outcome measure was postoperative hospital stay (days), and the investigating factor was postoperative day 1 EOS levels.

Results

A total of 149 patients were included in this study, including 34 patients in the general anesthesia group and 115 patients in the spinal anesthesia group. Postoperative day 1 EOS was lower in the general anesthesia group than that in the spinal anesthesia group (P=0.009). The correlation between postoperative hospital stay and postoperative day 1 EOS level was significant ([EOS 1× 107/L increase] β=-0.39, 95%CI -0.74, -0.05) in the general anesthesia group, after adjusting the confounders (age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] grade, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative red blood cell [RBC] transfusion, postoperative day 1 hematocrit [HCT] and white blood cell [WBC], and postoperative complications) and the interaction terms for ASA, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative RBC transfusion and postoperative complications.

Conclusion

EOSs were significantly decreased after surgery in general anesthesia group, Also, postoperative hospital stay was negatively correlated with postoperative day 1 hypoeosinophilia in the general anesthesia group, suggesting that patients should be closely monitored for EOS changes and postoperative complications to enable early intervention.