bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison Proximate Analysis and Heating Value between Cassava Rhizome and Perennial Wood
Authors: Jongpluempiti Jarinee , Tangchaichit Kiatfa
Published: December 2011

Cassava is one of the most important crops in Nakhon Ratchasima province which grows the most cassava in the Northeast of Thailand. Therefore, a large amount of cassava rhizome is left in the field after harvest. The objectives of this research were to study the potential of using residue biomass from the cassava crop i.e. cassava rhizomes. The physical properties and heating value of the cassava rhizomes were evaluated and compared with perennials. The analysis consisted of proximate analysis to measure moisture content, ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon. Heating values were measured using the IKA*C5003 automatic bomb calorimeter. The results were that for high moisture content of about 49-52% the cassava rhizomes had properties inferior to the perennials. When the moisture content of the rhizomes was reduced until around 12%, the properties were equivalent to those of wood samples that had about 2% moisture content. The proximate analyses gave ash 1.8-2.8%, volatile matter 72-75% and fixed carbon 9-13%. Moreover, its average heating values were around 17.08 MJ/kg, while the wood samples were around 17.78 MJ/kg. It appears that cassava rhizome has a high potential as an energy source. Using it to replace wood fuel is possible but it is necessary to reduce the moisture content to an appropriate level.
Experimental Research on Hydrogen Storage Characteristics of TBAB Hydrates
Authors: Xie Ying Ming , Gong Jin Ming , Tang Tao , Liu Dao Ping , Liu Ni , Qi Ying Xia
Published: December 2011

The hydrogen storage characteristics of Tetra Butyl Ammonium Bromide (abbr. TBAB) hydrates were studied in a high pressure gas hydrate experimental apparatus. The effects of temperature and pressure on hydrogen storage characteristics under the condition of constant volume were discussed. The results showed that lower reaction temperature or higher reaction pressure can cause to a rapid formation of hydrogen hydrate and a larger hydrogen storage density, Comparing with tetrahydrofuran (abbr. THF) hydrates under same temperature and pressure, TBAB hydrates have faster hydrogen storage rate and larger hydrogen storage density.
Experimental Study on the Optimal Thickness of Infiltration Media of the CRI System
Authors: Chen Jun Min , Yao Xiao Lin
Published: December 2011

Abstract. In order to investigate the optimal thickness of infiltration media in the Constructed Rapid Infiltration System, the artificial soil column is used to simulate the Constructed Rapid Infiltration System, and the CODCr, NH3-N and TN concentrations of the effluent from all the sampling sites are monitored. The experimental results and analysis show that the thickness of infiltration media exerts a significant influence on the CODCr, NH3-N and TN concentration and removal efficiency of the effluent; the CODCr, NH3-N and TN are mainly removed in the 0-1800mm zone of the artificial soil column; the total CODCr removal efficiency increases, as the thickness of infiltration media increases, but the CODCr removal efficiency in the 1800-2200mm zone is very low; the NH3-N and TN removal efficiency reaches the maximum where the thickness of infiltration media is 1800mm; the NH3-N and TN concentration of the effluent from 1800-2200mm zone dose not decrease, but increase 5-8%, due to the assimilation denitrification and amemoniation reaction on the end of the anaerobic zone; in consideration of the effluent quality, efficient biodegradation zone, construction investment, etc. the optimal thickness of infiltration media in CRI system should be 1800mm.
Enhanced Gaseous Hydrogen Storage Kinetics of Mg2Ni-Type Alloys by Melt Spinning and Substituting Ni with Cu
Authors: Li Bao Wei , Ren Hui Ping , Hou Zhong Hui , Liu Xiao Gang , Chen Le Le , Zhang Yang Huan
Published: December 2011

The Mg2Ni-type Mg20Ni10-xCux (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) hydrogen storage alloys were prepared by a melt-spinning technology. The structures of the as-cast and spun alloys are characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The gaseous hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics of the alloys were measured by an automatically controlled Sieverts apparatus. The results show that all the as-spun alloys hold an entire nanocrystalline structure and are free of amorphous phase. The substitution of Cu for Ni leads to a significant refinement of the grains of the as-cast alloys without changing the major phase Mg2Ni. Both the melt spinning and the substitution of Cu for Ni evidently ameliorate the hydriding and dehydriding kinetics of the alloys. The hydrogen absorption saturation ratio ( ) and the hydrogen desorption ratio ( ) of the Cu2 alloy are enhanced from 56.72 to 92.74% and from 14.89 to 40.37% respectively by rising spinning rate from 0 (as-cast was defined as spinning rate of 0 m/s) to 30 m/s. And those of the as-spun (20 m/s) alloys are increased from 85.99 to 91.22% and from 20.84 to 52.88 respectively by growing Cu content from 0 to 4.
Synthesis of Al-Doped Lithium Manganese Oxide from Al2O3-Li2CO3-MnO2 Ternary System
Authors: Sun Xin Yan , He Gang , Hong Jian He , He Ming Zhong , Li Hai Feng
Published: December 2011

Al-doped LiMn2O4 was synthesized by γ-Al2O3, which has not toxic gas decomposed in the synthesis process. Composition optimization of was carried out in view of the basic knowledge of ternary phase diagram to find the best composition of raw materials in Al2O3-Li2CO3-MnO2 ternary system. The results showed that the Al2O3-Li2O-Mn2O3 ternary eutectic molten compound with single spinel structure and good electrochemical performance could be formed at temperature of 800°C and the molar ratio of the starting materials in the range of n(Al2O3)=0~3.3 mol%, n(Li2CO3)=18~22 mol%, n(MnO2)=75~82 mol%. The Al2O3-Li2O-Mn2O3 ternary eutectic compound with the molar ratio of the starting materials of n(Al2O3):n(Li2CO3):n(MnO2) at 0.02:0.5:1.96, showed the best electrochemical performance among all studied samples.
Comparative Experiment Study on the Total Phosphorus Removal Efficiency of Different Infiltration Media Combinations in the CRI System
Authors: Chen Jun Min
Published: December 2011

The total phosphorus removal efficiency is very low and the TP concentration of the effluent can not reach the national standard of GB18918-2002 in CRI system. In order to solve these problems, a series of comparative experiments on phosphorus adsorption capacity of 5 kinds of special infiltration media are carried out. And then another series of comparative experiments on the total phosphorus removal efficiency of 4 kinds of infiltration media combinations are also conducted, the experimental results show that the phosphorus adsorption capacity of sponge iron is the best one among the special infiltration media selected；the phosphorus removal efficiency of the infiltration media including 1/6 sponge iron is much better than the infiltration media including only sand; and the phosphorus removal efficiency of the infiltration media combination with sponge iron homogeneously mixed with sand, is better than the infiltration media combination with the same weight of sponge iron concentrated. The experimental results will help to explore the development of the new type composite infiltration media of the CRI System.
Effect of Manganese Ions on Corrosion Inhibition of PANI for Mild Steel in 0.5 M H2SO4
Authors: Huo Yu Qiu , Bai Ling
Published: December 2011

Manganese ions doped Pani films were prepared by using a cyclic voltammetry technique on mild steel substrate. Corrosion resistances performances of them in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution were obtained by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), polarization curve, and SEM method. The results showed that manganese ions doped Pani particles became smaller and tighter, the resistance reduced, and the corrosion potential rose than Pani in H2SO4 solution.
Preparation of Nanosize Anatase TiO2 by a Simple, Low-Cost Method and their Performance in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Lin , Peng Xiao , Yu Xiang Mei , Feng Ya Qing
Published: December 2011

The critical material of photo-anode, the TiO2nano-particles, as the most important component in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was studied in this paper. The TiO2nanoparticles were prepared by the method of micro-emulsion. In the process of preparation, the factors including the kinds of surfactant, and the molar ratio of water to titanium (R value) were investigated. Finally, the optimal condition for the preparation of the TiO2nano-particles was determined. When Tx-100 was used as the surfactant and R was 35, the TiO2nano-particles were prepared and used as photo-anode in the DSSCs, which were sensitized by N719, test under AM1.5G sunlight. The highest photoelectric conversion efficiency was achieved: Short-circuit photocurrent (Isc) =13.91mA/cm2, open-circuit photo voltage (Voc) =0.83V, fill factor (FF) =55.06%, photoelectric conversion efficiency (η) =6.36%.
ZM Solid Catalysts for Synthesis of 1-Butoxy-2-Propanol with High Selectivity
Authors: Wang Yong Jie
Published: December 2011

This document explains and demonstrates the problem of butanol and propylene oxide propoxylation, ZrO2 load active alkali metal oxides MgO the catalytic propoxylation method, analyzed a new type of catalyst activity and selectivity. The results show that the synthesis of ZM complex oxide as a catalyst for the reaction of butanol substrate, through the catalytic reaction of propylene oxide, selective access to the propylene glycol ether, High selectivity synthesis 1-butoxy-2-propanol. Synthesis of complex oxide catalyst ZM series in the course of the performance of the primary ether good selectivity, Primary ether, second ether ratio greater than 12, and the catalytic activity is also high (about 90% of all).
Preparation and Adsorption Properties of Gelatin Microspheres for Cationic Dye
Authors: He Bao Yuan , Wang Xue Chuan , Xue Hai Yan , Hao Xiao Li
Published: December 2011

Gelatin microspheres (GMSs) were prepared by the inverse suspension cross-linking reaction, using glutaraldehyde as the cross-linking reagent. The GMSs was characterised by scanning electron microscopy and laser particle size analyzer. The effects of various experimental parameters, such as pH, temperature, adsorbent dosage and contact time were investigated in a batch-adsorption technique. The optimum conditions for removal of the cationic red X-GRL (CRX) dye were found to be pH 9, temperature 40 °C, 0.9 g/L of adsorbent dosage and adsorption time of 120 min, respectively. The adsorption capacity increased from 402.16 to 510.82 mg/g with the increase of stirring rate from10 to 300 rpm and decreased from 479.35 to 412.54 mg/g with the increase of sodium sulphate concentration from 0 to 8 g/L. The biomass GMSs had a substantial potential for removing cationic dye from wastewater owing to great adsorption capacity and adsorption rate to dye.
The Recent Advance of Molecularly Imprinted on-Line Solid Phase Extraction and its Application in Sample Pretreatment - A Mini Review
Authors: Sun Qing , Xu Zhi Xiang , Zhang Li Min , Xu Lei , Zhou Jie
Published: December 2011

Solid phase extraction (SPE) is a sample pretreatment technique which is increasingly popular and widely used. However, most of the traditional SPE material has poor selectivity. Molecular imprinting is an emerging technology for the preparation of functionalized materials with molecular recognition ability. Using the imprinted polymers as new sorbent, a molecularly imprinted on-line solid phase extraction coupled with chromatography or other techniques has become one of the most interesting applications of MIP, which has not only the extraction efficiency of SPE but also the high selectivity of imprinted polymers. This paper focuses on the recent states, advantages and outlooks of molecularly imprinted on-line solid phase extraction in sample pretreatment. This mini review may promote the extensive application of MIP in food safety.
Design and Synthesis of PEG Curcumin Monomer for the Comb-Like Polymer Prodrug
Authors: Qiu Fei , Wei Lin
Published: December 2011

Curcumin is a kind of compound with various biological activities. However, curcumin suffers from low aqueous solubility, instability and poor bioavailability in vivo, which restrained it from clinical application. In this paper, novel water soluble curcumin prodrug monomer was synthesized by reacting curcumin with methacryloyl polyethylene glycol (MA-PEG), and succinic anhydride. IR, MS and 1H NMR spectroscopy were carried out to verify the products. We studied and modified the reaction conditions. The drug load rate of the monomer was 26.9%, which was 2-4-fold than previous report, and the solubility of it could be increased to 1.17g/L, which was about 150 times higher than previous report. The monomer is used to prepare comb-like polymer prodrugs.
Application of Ultrasonic Wave in Dyeing of Feather Fibers
Authors: Zhang Juan , Zhao Yu Ping , Guo Ya Lin , Wu Bin
Published: December 2011

In this work, the dyeing methods with ultrasonic technology and tradition method were investigated. Dye uptake and rubbing fastness as detection index of feather fibers were analysed. The optimum conditions of dyeing in feather fibers with ultrasonic wave technology were determined: weak acid dye: dyeing temperature 70°C, time 40min; reactive dye: dyeing temperature 90°C, time 50min. The results showed that in this dyeing conditions, dye uptake using ultrasonic technology can reach 89.9%, that increased 31.9% comparing with that using traditional method; rubbing fastness can be over 3 grade, and the dry rubbing fastness was raised by 0.5~1 grade as compared with the wet rubbing fastness. It was found that the effect of dyed feather fibers can be better by using ultrasonic technology, which were eco friendly and so give good effect to human in addition to values on garments, and provided the beneficial to test for development of feather fibers.
Effects of RF Power on Crystallinity Properties of ZnO Films Deposited by Helicon Wave Plasma Assisted Sputtering
Authors: Teng Xiao Yun , Gao Wei , Wu Yan Hua , Yu Wei
Published: December 2011

Using helicon wave plasma assisted sputtering, ZnO films with strong c-axis orientation have been deposited on Al2O3 (0001) substrates. We have studied the effects of RF power on the crystallinity properties of ZnO films. It has been found that increasing RF power improves the in-plane crystalline quality as well as out-of-plane crystalline quality by using XRD. A high transparence in visible region and a sharp fundamental absorption edge at about 370 nm are obtained from the transmittance spectroscopy, which correspond to the less defects and better crystal structure of the film. But under higher RF power, the crystallinity of ZnO films is deteriorated. Meanwhile, the relationship between the RF power and the properties of ZnO films has been discussed.
Organic Plasma-Polymer Thin Film Coatings on Super-Hydrophilic Coated Surface for Increasing the Surface Durability against Scratch without Changing of Surface Wettability
Authors: Cho Sang Jin , Boo Jin Hyo , Kim Ji Man , Jung Dong Geun , Kim Sung Soo
Published: December 2011

In this study, the SiO polymer coating film was prepared the containing tetraethyl orthosilane (TEOS) solution by the sol-gel method on soda lime glass. After then, the plasma polymer coating was deposited on SiO polymer coated glass by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method at room temperature during 15 seconds. The thiophene monomer was used as organic precursor. It was heat up to 60 oC and bubbled with hydrogen gas which flow rate was 50 sccm. Plasma was ignited by radio frequency (RF, 13.56 MHz) and its power was 10 W. SiO polymer and plasma polymer coated SiO polymer films were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis.), water contact angle, the adhesion test, and the pencil hardness test. The IR spectra shows evidence of very thin organic plasma polymer, which could not be measured by SEM cross image. The SEM images show that the morphology of each film was not changed by plasma polymer coating. Low water contact angles showed with both coating. Moreover surface hardness was increased by plasma polymer coating.
Effect of Nonstoichiometric Pb Content on the Properties of PZT Ceramics
Authors: Zhao Feng Kuo , Ma Wei Bing , Sun Qing Chi , Zhang Yong , Liu Hai Quan
Published: December 2011

The effect of nonstoichiometric Pb content on the properties of PZT has been studied. The samples of PbxBa0.04(Li1/4Sb3/4)0.02(Zr0.52Ti0.48)0.98O3(0.94≤x≤0.98) were prepared by the solid state route and sintered at 1200 °C. The Pb content changed from 0.94 to 0.98. The result shows that when the Pb content deviates from the stoichiometric ratio (x=0.96), the grain growth and densification of ceramics are promoted. The phases analysis shows that ZrO2phase is detected when the amount of Pb is lower than 0.96, while when the Pb content is more than 0.96, the PbO phase is absent. The optimum composition of PbxBa0.04(Li1/4Sb3/4)0.02(Zr0.52Ti0.48)0.98O3solid solution system are obtained when x is 0.95, and the εT33/ε0, d33and kpof the PZT ceramics are: 2281, 516 pC/N and 0.80, respectively.
Singular Problems of Spherically Uniform Anisotropic Piezoelectric Solids
Authors: Gao Yang
Published: December 2011

A material is radially anisotropic piezoelectric when its generalized Hooke’s law at each material point referred to a spherical coordinate system is the same everywhere. In a recent paper by Ting, the remarkable nature at the center of a sphere has been shown when a spherically uniform linear anisotropic elastic material is subjected to a uniform traction at the surface of the sphere. This paper extends elastic material for piezoelectric material, and shows that the singular problems also prevail in piezoelectric material. When a sphere of piezoelectric material is subjected to a uniform traction and electric potential at the surface of the sphere, for a certain range of material parameter, the stress, the electric field and the electric potential at the center of the sphere are infinite. When the sphere is subjected to a uniform tension, a cavitation occurs at the center of the sphere. If the applied traction is a uniform pressure, a black hole occurs at the center of the sphere. The singular problems depend only on one non-dimensional material parameter and the direction of the applied traction, while is independent of the magnitude of the traction.
Effect of Microstructure on the Corrosion Behavior of TiN Coatings
Authors: Azzi Marwan , Klemberg Sapieha Jolanta Eva
Published: December 2011

In this paper, the corrosion properties of AISI 301 stainless steel (SS) coated with 1-micron thick titanium nitride (TiN) hard coatings is investigated. TiN was deposited by pulsed magnetron sputtering resulting in different microstructure ranging from agglomerated crystallites to homogeneous film. Microstructure of the coatings was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Resistance to general and localized corrosion was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization in NaCl 1% solution. It has been shown that the existence of columnar structure in the TiN film reduces significantly the resistance to localized corrosion due to infiltration of liquid through paths at the grain boundaries. Furthermore, by comparing the polarization curves of TiN coatings deposited on SS and glass, it was shown that the electrochemical response of TiN-coated SS at low potentials is the result of electrochemical activity at the coating/electrolyte interface whereas at high potentials the increase in the current is the result of pits generated at the substrate/electrolyte interface at defects/pores within the coating.
Effects of the Substrates Temperatue and Argon Oxygen Ratio on ZnO Thin Films
Authors: Zhu Hua , Liu Hui Wen , Gao Hao , Feng Xiao Wei
Published: December 2011

Abstract. Using the radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering technique, ZnO and Al-dopped ZnO thin films were fabricated on glass substrate by changing the Ar/O2ratio and substrate temperature. The film crystallinity、optical properties and surface morphology were investigated by X-ray diffraction、 UV - visible spectrophotometer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD results showed that by changing the argon oxygen ratio, Al-dopped ZnO films deposited at sputtering power of 40W and room temperature for 1 hour sputtering time showed no significant peaks, suggesting that the film growth was amorphous. UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 400nm wavelength test showed less than 90% light transmission rate. When substrate temperature was increased to 200 ° C, significant (002) diffraction peak and transmittance of 88% or more in the 400 ~ 800nm wavelength range appeared. A minimum XRD diffraction peak FWHM was found at substrate temperature of 300 ° C. TEM showed well crystal growth with maximum grain size at 300 ° C, XRD showed that there are only (101) peaks ,no (002) peaks in Al- doped ZnO.
Study on TlBr Single Crystal Growth Using Improved Electro Dynamic Gradient Method
Authors: Zheng Zhi Ping , Wang Jing , Quan Lin , Gong Shu Ping , Zhou Dong Xiang
Published: December 2011

Electro Dynamic Gradient (EDG) method was utilized for TlBr crystal growth in this paper. The influence of crystal growth conditions such as temperature gradient and growth rate on optical and electrical properties of grown TlBr crystals was investigated. The quality of TlBr crystals was characterized by infrared (IR) transmittance spectrum, X-ray diffraction, and I-V measurements.
Piezoelectric and Dielectric Properties of MnO2-Modified Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3–PbTiO3
Authors: Wang Xiao Na , Sun Qing Chi , Ma Wei Bing , Liu Tao , Zhang Yong , Liu Hai Quan
Published: December 2011

We reported that Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3–PbTiO3(BMT-PT) systems had high piezoelectric, dielectric performances and high Curie temperature. The phase structure of the system was identified by X-ray diffraction analysis. The piezoelectric and dielectric properties were also investigated. The results showed that 0.6BMT–0.4PT (Mg/Ti = 0.5:0.5) with 1mol% MnO2was the optimum composition which exhibited the highest curie temperature Tc = 511 °C and the stable temperature of dielectric loss reached to 500 °C. Further, the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of this composition were given as follows:kp = 22.5%;εr= 734; room temperature d33= 131.3 pC/N; tanδ = 1.96%.
Effect of Hetero-Interfaces on Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling in a Gated In0.53Ga0.47As/InP Quantum Well Structure
Authors: Zhou Yuan Ming
Published: December 2011

We investigate the values of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling parameter α in a gated In0.53Ga0.47As/InP quantum well structure using the k•p formalism. With more positive gate voltage applied, the quantum well potential profile becomes more symmetric and the value of α decreases. The theoretical values of α are much smaller than experimental ones. The discrepancy can be reasonably explained by the neglect of the interface contribution in the k•p formalism and the formation of additional InAsxP1-xand GaxIn1-xAsyP1-yinterfacial layers in our sample.
Low-Frequency Damping Behavior of Porous Magnesium
Authors: Hao Gang Ling , Xu Qiao Ping , Han Fu Sheng
Published: December 2011

The well-distributed porous magnesium was prepared through powder metallurgy route basing on space-holding method. The damping behavior of the porous magnesium was characterized by internal friction and measured by a multi-function internal friction apparatus. Experimental results revealed that the damping capacity of the porous magnesium was increased compared to that of the bulk magnesium, which can be understood by a dislocation damping mechanism associated with an inhomogeneous stress and strain distribution around the pores. In addition, an internal friction peak was observed in the spectra of internal friction against temperature. It was suggested that the dislocation sliding arising from a thermal activation process should be responsible for the peak appearance.
Study on Microstructure and Electrical Properties of ZnO Varistor Ceramics
Authors: Xia Chang Qi , Liu Qi Bin , He Mo
Published: December 2011

To obtain ZnO varistors with high voltage gradient, ZnO varistors were fabricated by traditional ceramic sintering technique, which were sintered from 1135 to 1155 °C, the microstructure and properties of varistors were characterized by SEM, X-rays diffraction and DC parameter instrument for varistors. The experimental results show that the spinel phase Zn7Sb2O12 generated during sintering process, very thin amorphous Bi rich films are formed between the ZnO/ZnO grain boundaries, with increasement of sintering temperature, the grain size of ZnO varistor ceramic becomes bigger, the voltage gradient of varistor decreases and the density is improved. The optimized parameters are that when the sintering temperature is at 1140 °C, the voltage gradient of varistor is 301V/mm, the leakage current is 4μA and the density is 96.6%, the comprehensive electrical properties of ZnO varistors reach maximum.
Studies on Dynamic Adsorption and Desorption of Total Flavonoids with Ion-Exchange Fiber
Authors: Liu Ting Yue , Nie Su Shuang , Yin Tiao , Xu Xiao Ling , Shao Chao Ying
Published: December 2011

The adsorption and desorption property of total flavonoids with ion-exchange fiber were studied. The kinetic study on dynamic adsorption and desorption indicates that the adsorption and desorption property of fiber is function of the concentration、pH value and flow velocity of column liquid. Flavonoids can be effectively desorbed by ethanol.
Photoelectrochemical Biofuel Cell Using Triarylamine Dye-Sensitized Titanium Dioxide Film as Photoanode
Authors: Wang Kun Qi , Gao Ying
Published: December 2011

A Photoelectrochemical Biofuel Cell (PEBFC) generating electrical energy directly from sunlight and biomass was investigated. In this paper,the PEBFC had a triarylamine dye-sensitized titanium dioxide(TiO2) film photoanode and Pt black cathode. The electron transport process of the PEBFC was also described. The performances of the PEBFC were obtained by photocurrent–photovoltage characteristic curves.The open-circuit photovoltage(Voc), the short-circuit photocurrent (Isc) and the maximum power density (Pmax) was 0.82V, 69.00 μAcm-2 and14.00μWcm-2 at 0.27 V, respectively. The fill factor (FF) was 0.25 and the incident photo-to-current efficiency (IPCE) was 3.5% at 441 nm.
Synthesis and Characterization of Mn Doped ZnO Nanorod Arrays
Authors: Li Feng Feng , Zhang Ming Xi , Yang Wei Chao , Wang Qing Hui , Hou Gui Qin , Shen Yi
Published: December 2011

Mn-doped ZnO nanorod arrays (ZnO:Mn NAs) have been prepared by a solution deposition method and the effect of Mn modification has been studied. Microstructure, morphology, photoluminescence characteristics of the ZnO: Mn NAs were investigated using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectrometer, fluorescence spectrophotometer. XRD analysis shows that ZnO:Mn NAs are wurtzite phases and highly c-axis oriented. As for ZnO:Mn NAs, obvious changes of photoluminescence intensity are observed at the wavelength of 395nm and 550 nm, according to Mn/Zn atomic ratio.
Corrosion Resistance Mechanism of MgO-ZrO2 Brick in RH Degasser Slag
Authors: Chen Song Lin , Yuan Lin , Feng Zhong Qi , Liu Xi Jun , Sun Jia Lin
Published: December 2011

Slag corrosion resistance behavior of MgO-ZrO2 refractory was investigated in this work. The results indicated that in the non-oriented electric steel slag system with a high ratio of calcia to silica, the slag resistance behavior of MgO-ZrO2 composite could be described as follows: the ZrO2 reacts with CaO forming the calcium zirconate compound which is densification encapsulating periclase lay. However, in the oriented electric steel slag system with a high concentration of silica and the low ratio value of calcia to silica, the slag corrosion resistance behavior of MgO-ZrO2 composite is different. The ZrO2 would react with CaO forming the calcium zirconate and simultaneously, one more product C2S as well. C2S has double response of strength and could increase corrosion resistance performance by blinding pore and thickening slag viscosity. Therefore, it is expected to be the major reason for the enhanced corrosion resistance behavior observed for MgO-ZrO2 refractory.
Effect of Ce Addition on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Ni-Co-Based Superalloy
Authors: Cui Chuan Yong , Han Guo Ming , Sun Xiao Feng
Published: December 2011

Effects of Ce addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the Ni-Co-based superalloy were investigated. The results showed that addition of Ce to the alloys resulted in a Ce-rich phase (Ni,Co)3Ce formation. The rupture life was improved greatly by Ce addition and the optimal Ce addition was about 0.2 wt.%. Both peak stress and critical stress of dynamic recrystallization were increased with increasing (Ni,Co)3Ce phases, which was mainly due to pinning effect on grain boundary sliding by precipitation.
The Parameter Influence of Electron Beam Irradiation on GaN Based Blue LED
Authors: Peng Zhi Guo , Liu Hai Lang , Zhang Rui Bin
Published: December 2011

Making use of the low energy electron beam produced by the accelerator of Dynamitron which has 1-3 Mev energy and 90KW maximum power, GaN based blue LED is proceed by the electron beam irradiation. The color and luminosity parameter of the irradiated LED are contrasted with the unirradiated LED. The experimental result is analyzed and discussed. The results show that the dominant wavelength is shifted, the color purity is improved, the flux and the optical efficiency are dreased by the electron beam irradiation. We also find that the displacement of atoms in LED quantum well, the non-complex compound and minority carrier lifetime is reduced by the electron beam irradiation.
Deformation Effects on Metal Magnetic Memory in API 5L X70 Steel
Authors: Bai Fang , Song Bo
Published: December 2011

Metal magnetic memory technology is a passive magnetic method of non-destructive testing based on the residual magnetic field of a ferromagnetic component. The MMM measurements were performed on a series of X70 pipeline steel samples for various values of uniaxial elastic and plastic deformation from zero up to about 20% strain. The outcomes evidence that the metal magnetic memory gradient index m can be used to evaluate the stress-strain state of ferromagnetic materials under tensile stresses. The tensile stress effect on the gradient index m significantly in elastic stage, but the gradient index m remained unchanged in the plastic deformation stage.
Grain Boundary Relaxation in a Fe-Cr-Al Alloy
Authors: Zhou Zheng Cun , Wang Q. Z. , Du J. , Yang H. , Yan Y.J.
Published: December 2011

The features of grain boundary relaxation of a (wt.%)Fe-25Cr-5Al alloy have been investigated using a multifunction internal friction apparatus. The grain boundary relaxation peak appears at about 630oC on the internal friction-temperature curves for the alloy. The peak temperature shifts toward high temperature with increasing frequency. In terms of Arrihenius relation, the activation energy is calculated to be 4.07(±0.15)eV and the pre-exponential factor is 6.2×10-24±1s. Grain boundary relaxation strength remarkably decreases with increasing grain size. When grain size reaches 520μm, the grain boundary relaxation peak almost disappears.
Study on Optimal Design of Light-Weight Composite Hood
Authors: Gu Li Yang , Han Peng , Yu Duo Nian
Published: December 2011

In this paper, the traditional steel engine hood is analyzed using finite element method firstly, and then the basic performance requirements of the hood is obtained. Based on the principle of equal stiffness, the design process is executed on carbon fiber composite hood. Afterwards according to the property of this composite, the whole optimization process of composite hood from conceptual design to detailed design is accomplished by ways of free size optimization, parameters optimization and stacking sequence optimization. The optimal structure of carbon fiber composite engine hood can be obtained by comparing the results of optimization design. Carbon fiber can put lightweight into practice , and the developing time of composite hood can be sharply reduced .
Effect of Moisture Absorption on the Residual Strength after Bending Fatigue of CFRP
Authors: Zhang A Ying , Li Di Hong , Liang Cheng Li , Jia Jiu Si , Zhang Dong Xing
Published: December 2011

This study investigates the effect of moisture content on the residual bending strength after bending fatigue of T300/914 composite laminates immersed in water for 7 days and 14 days. Displacement-controlled three-point bending fatigue tests were conducted on specimens. After 40,000 cycles the fatigue test was stopped and the residual properties were measured on the tested specimens. Reduction in material strength was found to depend on the level of moisture content. Experimental results reveal that the moisture content in the laminates increased with immersion time. Compared to the unaged specimens, the residual bending strength after bending fatigue decreased by 6.67% and 37.04%, respectively. The residual bending strength and strength retention decreased with increased immersion time.
Study of Screw Loosening in Abutment Subject to Occlusal Loading
Authors: Cheng E. Hsung , Lin Ming Jer , Shiu Sheng Yan , Tsai Tung Lin , Chen Yi Chin
Published: December 2011

Loosening of screw of the abutment on a dental implant can result in a failure for the prosthesis. The purpose of this study is to understand the change at the joint between the implant and abutment after being subjected to a repeated force. The investigated parameters include loss of torque and shift of abutment against implant. The specimen for this study is IM12 of Metal Industries Research & Development Centre (MIRDC). Implant is embedded in cylindrical resin. Abutment is then tightened on it with a torque of 35 N-cm. A mushroom-shaped crown is placed on top of the abutment. To simulate occlusal loading, an MTS machine is used with a 300N load at 1 Hz for 50,000 cycles. When 10,000 and 25,000 cycles are reached, specimens are checked for any rotation. Finally loss of torque is measured. No shifts of angle and no significant loss of torque are observed in 5 tested specimens.
Iterative Perturbation Methods for Isolation Structure Dynamic Model Responses Calculation with Non-Classical Damping and its Correlation Analysis
Authors: Li Xiang Zhen , Xiang Wei Ming , Fu Huang Chang , Xie Yi Feng
Published: December 2011

In this paper, on the base of considering building base isolation system stiffness distribution characteristics, the iterative perturbation methods for isolation structure dynamic calculation with non-classical damping are established systematically by using the upper and lower structure stiffness ratio as perturbation parameters. Theoretical derivation and examples show that the method can clearly realize effective separation between the super structure and isolation layer damping ratio and coupling among all variables. The calculation process is simple, stable and fast convergence. The calculated results are also accurate. At the same time, this paper also compares the method proposed in this paper with the classical damping method and analyses the influence of basic damping and the super structure damping on isolation structure dynamic response.
Study on Tribological Behavior and Mechanisms of Weldox960 Steel
Authors: Tan Ye Fa , Cai Bin , He Long , Hao Sheng Qiang , Tan Hua , Gao Li
Published: December 2011

Weldox960 steel is widely used in mechanical structure of military equipments as anti-wear parts. The tribological behavior and mechanisms of weldox960 steel were investigated under dry sliding friction conditions. The results show that friction coefficient of the steel increases from 0.268 to 0.365 with the increase of load. When the loads are smaller than 8N, the wear rates of the steel are in the range of 0.57~0.67×10-3 mm3/m, and the wear mechanism is multi-plastic deformation wear. If the loads are bigger than 10N, the wear rates increase to the range of 1.29~1.43×10-3 mm3/m, and the wear mechanisms change into delamination of the work-hardening layer and abrasive wear. The friction coefficients keep in a steady state of about 0.31 when the sliding speeds change from 0.05m/s to 0.2m/s. At the low speeds of 0.05m/s and 0.1 m/s, the wear rates are in the range of 1~1.3×10-3 mm3/m and the wear mechanisms are multi-deformation wear and abrasive wear. When the sliding speed increases to a critical value of 0.15m/s, the wear rates increase to 6.2×10-3 mm3/m and the wear mechanisms change into fatigue delamination of the work-hardening layer and multi-plastic deformation wear as well as oxidation wear.
Effect of Vacuum Thermal Cycling on Mechanical and Physical Properties of an Epoxy Matrix Composite
Authors: Gao Yu , Dong Shang Li , Wang Hong Shun , Lu Shao Wei , Bao Jian Wen
Published: December 2011

Mechanical and physical properties of a unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy matrix (T700/3234) composite have been evaluated after being vacuum thermal cycled (133-413 K, 10-3Pa) up to 300 cycles. The fracture surface morphology of the tested specimens was examined by SEM. It was shown the mass loss ratio of either the composite or the epoxy matrix increased with increasing thermal cycles and then leveled off after 50 cycles. The tensile strength at 90º of the composite was found to decrease at the initial stage of thermal cycling, increase after 50 cycles, and tend to level off after about 100 cycles. The results also showed that the interlayer shear strength of the composite was nearly not affected by thermal cycling. It is suggested that debonding of fiber/epoxy interface and post curing in matrix during vacuum thermal cycling should be responsible for evolvement of mechanical properties of the T700/3234 composite.
A Study on the Structural Design and Sensing Performance of Conductive Woven Fabric Embedding CCFs
Authors: Liu Tao , Shen Ting Ting , Zou Feng Yuan
Published: December 2011

In this paper we designed several different embedding ways of making sensing fabric using CCFs compound yarns, observed the relationship of resistance and elongation through fabric tensile test, and analyzed its sensitivity, linearity and resistance change stability of the fabric according to regression model. Research shows that: in terms of conductive fabrics embedded with CCFs compound yarns, the more the number of CCFs compound yarns embedded, the lower its sensitivity is and the better its repeatability and the fabric’s stability with respect to resistance change would be. Among all conductive fabrics embedded in different ways with the same quantity of compound yarns, the samples embedded continuously have the lowest sensitivity, but it has the best resistance change stability and repeatability.
Degradation Behavior of Tungsten in Molten Aluminum
Authors: Luo Hong Feng , Wu Jing , Deng Yu , Chen Wei Ping
Published: December 2011

Corrosion of tungsten in molten aluminum was investigated by static immersion tests at 700, 750 and 800°C temperature for 8-120 h. In all cases, the Al3W intermetallic compound was formed. The intermetallic layer broke up as long as it grew due to thermal stresses and dispersed in the molten aluminum. The weight-loss of tungsten varied linearly with time. The corrosion rate increased with temperature and the activation energy was nearly 87.92 kJ mol-1.
Nonlinear Constitutive Equation and Elastic Constant of Rubber Material
Authors: Li Chen , Zhao Li
Published: December 2011

In-depth study of compressible material constitutive equation, using incompressible condition, the nonlinear incompressible elastic solid’s complete irreducible constitutive equation and strain energy function expressed in invariants are derived in this essay. The elastic constants of rubber material are given by fitting the experiment data that was carried out by Treloar with the equation. Then we got evelen exact value of the elastic constants.
High-Pressure Electronic and Optical Properties of α-Si3N4
Authors: Chen Chang Chun , Geng Xiao Ju , Li Ying Bin , Yu Ben Hai , Chen Dong
Published: December 2011

Based on the density functional theory, the plane-wave pseudo-potential method is performed to investigate the structural properties of α-Si3N4. The ground-state lattice parameters (i.e. lattice constants and cell volume) agree quite well with the experimental data. From the band structure calculation, we found that the stability of α-Si3N4is due mainly to the interaction among the Si-s, Si-p and N-p states. The imaginary part of the dielectric function has a sharp peak at 8.2eV. For the real part of the dielectric function, the highest peak locates at 6.5eV. Our calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data and previous theoretical values. Therefore, the calculated results may provide useful information for further investigations of α-Si3N4.
Effect of Moisture Absorption on the Bending Fatigue Performance of Carbon/Epoxy Laminates
Authors: Zhang A Ying , Li Di Hong , Liang Cheng Li , Jia Jiu Si , Zhang Dong Xing
Published: December 2011

This study investigates the effect of moisture content on the bending fatigue properties of T300/914 composite laminates immersed in water for 7 days and 14 days. Displacement-controlled three-point bending fatigue tests were conducted on specimens. After 40,000 cycles the fatigue test was stopped and the properties were measured on the tested specimens. Reduction in material strength was found to depend on the level of moisture content. Experimental results reveal that the moisture content in the laminates increased with immersion time and that moisture absorption accelerated damage propagation in the composite. Hygrothermal ageing lowered the threshold level for the onset of fatigue. The experimental results were further validated by the supportive micrographs that illustrate different moisture content and their morphology before and after moisture absorption.
Design of a Kind of Small Sample and Determination of Initial Tensile Stress for Implant Test
Authors: Feng Yan Ting , Dai Xiao Hao , Xu Xue Xia
Published: December 2011

A kind of small sample for implant test was designed for thin-wall components. The notch type and calculation method for test load were determined through theoretical analization that proved to be reasonable by practical test verification.
Experimental Observation on the Uniaxial Cyclic Deformation Behaviour of TA16 Titanium Alloy
Authors: Kan Qian Hua , Yan Wen Yi , Kang Guo Zheng , Guo Su Juan
Published: December 2011

The cyclic deformation including the ratcheting of TA16 titanium alloy was investigated experimentally at room temperature. Experimental results under symmetrical strain-controlled cyclic loading with various strain amplitudes show that the responded stress amplitude keeps almost unchanged with the increasing number of cycles. It is concluded that TA16 titanium alloy can be regarded as a cyclic stable material. Remarkable ratcheting was also observed under asymmetrical stress-controlled cyclic loading, i.e., ratcheting strain increases with the increasing number of cycles. The ratcheting strain strongly depends on the stress level and increases with the increase of applied mean stress, stress amplitude and stress ratio. These findings are useful to reasonably model the cyclic deformation of TA16 titanium alloy.
Experimental Analysis of Aluminum Alloy Section Bars and their Mortise and Tenon Joints under Bending Load
Authors: Huang Xin Shen , Gao Qun , Zong Zhi Jian
Published: December 2011

Different laid modes of aluminum alloy section bars and their mortise and tenon joints were bending tested, and their mechanical properties were compared, in order to research on the influence that forming a mortise and tenon joint brought to the original bars. Opening a hole laterally and inserting another shorter bar in the hole changed the bending properties and energy absorption capacity of the original bar. In horizontal laid mode, the mortise and tenon joint was weaker than the original bar when bearing bending load, but it was stronger in vertical laid mode. Weld beads of the mortise and tenon joints were strong enough to maintain the structure integrality before the main section bars were destroyed by load.
Test Study on Overdose Cement Stabilized Crushed Rock Base
Authors: Lin Yan Peng , Liu Jia
Published: December 2011

The early disease of semi-rigid asphalt pavement disease will seriously affect the quality and durability of road usage and the life of the road. Water into the pavement layer cause water content increases and the strength greatly reduced in primary or sub-base material which contends more soil and greater soil plasticity index. Resulting in premature failure of asphalt pavement, and the road surface rutting greater is the insufficient primary strength. The use of water overdose primary stability can fully play its high strength and low cost advantages, but also has a low shrinkage, minimize shrinkage cracks.
Preparation and Application of Self-Compacting Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Using Polymer Admixtures
Authors: Chen Shang Jiang , Zhang Xiao Ning
Published: December 2011

Self-compacting concrete-filled steel tube is different from ordinary self-compacting concrete in many aspects. According to the demands of on-site construction conditions and construction technology of continuous pumping lift-up method for the project of Huaxi No.1 steel tube arch bridge, property requirements of self-compacting concrete filled steel tube were proposed in this paper. By using the preparation techniques such as optimization of basic parameters of concrete mix proportion, admixture composition and mineral admixture addition, self-compacting concrete filled steel tube was prepared with the properties such as initial slump more than 24cm, initial slump flow above 650mm, T50 between 5s and 15s, no slump loss for 4h, no bleeding, strength grade above C60 and shrinkage-compensation etc. It was applied in the steel tube arch bridge project successfully using the construction technology of pumping lift-up method.
Interaction Mechanism between In Situ Nb2C-V2C Nanoparticles and S/L Interface during the Rapid Solidification of Fe-Nb-V Alloy
Authors: Cui Chun Xiang , Li Yan Chun , Wang Tie Bao , Liu Shuang Jin , Kang Suek Bong
Published: December 2011

This paper deals with the interaction mechanism between in situ Nb2C-V2C nanoparticles and solid/liquid interface during the rapid solidification of Fe-Nb-V alloy ribbons. In situ Nb2C-V2C nanoparticles reinforced Fe alloy matrix composite were carried out by in situ reaction and melt spun with a high-speed centrifugal spray. According to the setting of a force balance for the in situ nanoparticles in front of the S/L interface during the high-speed centrifugal spray of Fe-Nb-V alloy melt as following: F = Fbuoyant force + Frepulsive + Fviscous force + Fcentrifugal force, authors get the critical velocity that S/L interface engulfs particles is proportional to the radius of particles. TEM observation indicates that the less the size of particle is, the more easily S/L interface engulfs particles.
Transmission Line Characteristics Based on Metamaterials Substrate
Authors: Fan Jing , Li Ding Zhen , Zhu Wei Ren
Published: December 2011

The novel transmission line based on metamaterials substrate was studied theoretically. The characteristic impedance and transmission wavelength of such transmission line are analytically calculated in framework of classical transmission-line theory. Moreover, the characteristic of similar micro-strip line were also studied with FEM simulation. Results showed that using metamaterials as a substrate, the characteristic impedance would be greatly increased, providing a new method to reduce the loss in the RF circuit. The transmission wavelength would be effectively extended at the same frequency. That was the electromagnetic radiation would greatly reduce in such RF circuit. Once the transmission wavelength was much larger than the size of the circuit board, the circuit theory could be adopted in RF design. Which would greatly reduce the difficulty of RF design.