bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konsep Rezeki Menurut Sayyid Ahmad ibn Idris dalam Risalah Kimiya' al Yaqin
Authors: Mohsin Aisyah Jamilah , Ibrahim Mohd Sufi
Published: December 2024

Rezeki merupakan kurniaan Allah SWT seluruh makhluk yang berbentuk material dan spiritual. Salah faham terhadap konsep rezeki akan menatijahkan manusia bergantung kepada sebab semata dan melupakan Allah sebagai Pemberi Rezeki.  Rezeki dalam konteks tasawuf membawa manusia untuk lebih yakin kepada Allah SWT sebagai sumber Pemberi Rezeki dengan sentiasa bertawakkal kepadaNya serta didahului dengan usaha. Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini untuk menjelaskan konsep rezeki menurut pandangan salah seorang tokoh sufi iaitu Sayyid Ahmad ibn Idris. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan analisis dokumen Risalah Kimiya’ al-Yaqin. Sayyid Ahmad ibn Idris berpandangan rezeki adalah jaminan Allah SWT kepada seluruh makhluk. Allah SWT adalah Pemberi Rezeki yang mutlak dan makhluk hanya perantaraan sahaja dalam usaha menjemput rezeki. Tawakkal adalah benteng utama bagi menghilangkan segala keraguan dan kebimbangan terhadap rezeki yang terletaknya di dalam hati. Meletakkan pergantungan sepenuhnya kepada Allah SWT dalam urusan rezeki akan melahirkan ketenangan dan menjauhi keluh kesah.
Penganjuran Acara Mesra-Muslim - Sebuah Cadangan Garis Panduan
Authors: Fatah Yasin Dhiyaul Hafidh
Published: December 2024

Acara ialah program keramaian yang dianjur oleh satu pihak sebagai tuan rumah, dan pihak ‎lain sebagai tetamu yang dilayan. Dalam tradisi keilmuan Islam, ia disebut sebagai dhiyafah ‎‎(resepsi tetamu) dan ia adalah satu tuntutan dalam Islam. Namun, pembaca yang menyelurusi kitab turath akan mendapati terdapat banyak elemen resepsi yang sangat berat untuk diamalkan oleh setiap Muslim. Standard/garis panduan biasa pula tidak memerhatikan soal iman dan hukum hakam Islam. Dengan menggunakan kaedah induktif terhadap Qur’an dan hadis serta sistesis dengan rekabentuk standard dan garis panduan yang sering dipakai, kajian ini mencadangkan satu garis panduan untuk penganjuran acara yang dipayung di bawah jenama Mesra Muslim. Kajian ini menyentuh pelbagai aspek penganjuran acara dan resepsi tetamu merangkumi standard, garis panduan dan fatwa sedia ada yang perlu dibaca bersama, persiapan pengurusan, jemputan dan sambutan tetamu, hidangan makanan, hiasan dan persembahan, serta tuntutan fardhu ain. ‎Kajian ini berpotensi untuk menambah baik standard MS 2610:2015 Muslim-Friendly ‎Hospitality Services Requirements yang dikeluarkan Jabatan Standard Malaysia, atau sebagai rujukan agensi yang melihat keperluan adanya garis panduan tersebut.
Gambaran Kesesuaian Intensitas Pencahayaan Ruang Kelas
Authors: Al'Fiqri Ramadhan , Hapis Abul Ainin , Harahap Putri Sahara
Published: December 2024

Dalam melakukan segala sesuatu yang berhubungan dengan aktivitas ruangan diperlukan pencahayaan yang memadai, untuk sebuah bangunan diperlukan intensitas pencahayaan yang cukup. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui intensitas pencahayaan ruangan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif komparatif. Penelitian dilakukan di Kampus X Jambi. Sampel penelitian adalah hasil rata-rata pengukuran intensitas pencahayaan dari 10  ruangan kelas. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara pengukuran secara langsung kemudian diolah dengan cara membandingkan hasil dengan standar yang berlaku. Hasil rata-rata pengukuran setiap kelas setelah dibandingkan dengan standar yang berlaku diketahui tidak adanya kesesuaian. Diketahui tidak adanya kesesuaian pada seluruh ruang kelas setelah dilakukan pengukuran intensitas pencahayaan. Disarankan kepada pihak pengelola Kampus X untuk menambahkan jumlah lampu pada ruang kelas serta membuka jendela dan pintu selama perkuliahan.
ANTIBIOTICS SENSITIVITY PATTERN OF FOOD-BORNE BACTERIA AMONGST CARRIERS, FOOD HANDLERS IN A NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu- 400 001, Nigeria, Ogu Cornelius O. , Ogu Rita I-O. ,   Department of Human Physiology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu – 400 001, Nigeria
Published: December 2024

Antibiotics sensitivity patterns of food-borne bacteria amongst food handlers in a Nigerian University was carried out in this study. 100 food handlers actively participated in this research. Percutaneous and nasal swabs were collected and samples were placed on MacConkey, blood and chocolate agar media, incubated at 37 0 C for 24 h, followed by biochemical identification of isolates. Antibiotics multi-disc were used to test bacteria susceptibility. Among bacteria isolates, 14% showed very poor sensitivity. Sensitivity to ampicillin, flucloxacillin, rifampicin and streptomycin was < 50%. Prevalence of food-borne pathogens was 76 % for percutaneous and 51 % for nasal samples. Isolates-sex difference was not statistically significant p > 0.05. Staphylococci isolates had the highest prevalence, 64 % and 45 % from percutaneous and nasal samples, respectively. Thirty (30 %) participants had similar isolates from both sampling regions. Antibiotics multi-resistant strains of bacteria are prevalent in our environment. Food handlers can be potential reservoirs and means of transmission of antibiotics multi-resistant food-borne bacteria.
MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING OPUNTIA FICUS-INDICA CLADODE EXTRACT WITH ITS BIOLOGICAL AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Shri Baba Mastnath Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Baba Mastnath University, Asthal Bohar, Rohtak -124 021, Haryana, India, Rani Neeraj , Devi Bhagwati ,   Shri Baba Mastnath Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Baba Mastnath University, Asthal Bohar, Rohtak -124 021, Haryana, India
Published: December 2024

In the current study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized with silver nitrate and cladode extract of Opuntia ficus-indica being used as precursor and phyto-reducing agent, respectively. The reaction combination was irradiated with microwaves (using a domestic microwave oven) for the spontaneous and stable synthesis of AgNPs. AgNPs were also synthesized using chemical methods, to evaluate the difference in microbial activities of AgNPs prepared by two different methods. The AgNPs development was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The involvement of phytochemicals of the extract in the reduction of silver nitrate was confirmed by FTIR- spectroscopy. For the determination of the crystal structure of silver nanoparticles, X-ray diffraction examination was performed. Distribution of size and zeta potential of AgNPs was studied by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The dimensions and form of AgNPs were determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The present study confirms activity against Escherichia coli and Micrococcus luteus and catalytic activity against 4-nitrophenol. The green synthesized silver nanoparticles showed more antibacterial activity than those synthesized by the chemical reducing method.
ASSESSMENT OF SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY AND SAFETY PROFILE OF SUVARNAPARPATI IN WISTAR RATS
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandirs Pharmacy College, Mumbai Agra Road, Panchavati, Nashik – 422 003, Maharashtra, India, M. Mahalaxmi , Aswale Megha P. ,   Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandirs Pharmacy College, Mumbai Agra Road, Panchavati, Nashik – 422 003, Maharashtra, India, Kulkarni Abhay N. ,   Department of Rasashastra, A.S.S. Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Nashik – 422 003, Maharashtra, India, Pande Shishir P. ,   Department of Rasashastra, A.S.S. Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Nashik – 422 003, Maharashtra, India, Kulkarni Rajshree A. ,   Department of Rasashastra, A.S.S. Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Nashik – 422 003, Maharashtra, India
Published: December 2024

Suvarnaparpati is an ayurvedic metallic formulation used in gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders and as an antipyretic. The inclusion of heavy metals like mercury, sulfur and calcinated gold in Suvarnaparpati raises concerns and may lead to safety issues. Consequently, this research explores the sub-chronic oral toxicity of Suvarnaparpati in Wistar rats, adhering to OECD guideline 408, to analyse its safety profile. 24 Wistar rats were segmented into four groups. Animals received suvarnaparpati treatment continuously for 90 days at specified doses of 20.59 mg kg-1 (therapeutic dose-TD), 83.12 mg kg-1. (TD × 4) and 205.3 mg kg-1 (TD × 10). The effect of this formulation was examined on the water intake, food intake, urine analysis, hematology, serum biochemistry, organ-to-body weight ratio and histopathology of various organs, after 90 days of oral administration. Suvarnaparpati does not exhibit dose-related toxicity in Wistar rats of either sex across the said doses and may therefore be considered safe for human consumption.
NEUROPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF HESPERIDIN AGAINST BENZO(A)PYRENE-INDUCED CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences, Prachya Bharati Higher Secondary School, Agartala – 799 007, Tripura (West), India, Bhattacharjee Surajit , Chakraborty Shubhadeep ,   Department of Physics, Bir Bikram Memorial College, College Tilla, Agartala-799 004, Tripura (West), India, Sharma Ankush ,   Department of Education, Henry Derozio Academy, Agartala-799 006, Tripura (West), India
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the link between cigarette smoke, specifically benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), and cerebral palsy, focusing on BaP’s neurotoxicity. It also examines the neuroprotective potential of hesperidin, a citrus-derived compound, by assessing its binding affinity with the β4 subunit of Adapter Protein Complex 4 (AP-4). Molecular docking analyses using Discovery Studio and PyRx were performed with the β4 subunit of AP-4 as the protein and benzo(a)pyrene and hesperidin as ligands. The results showed that hesperidin had a higher binding affinity (-7.2 kcal mol-1) compared to BaP (-6.5 kcal mol-1), establishing multiple interactions, including van der Waals, hydrogen, and pi-alkyl bonds. Key receptor residues for hesperidin binding were identified. These findings highlight hesperidin’s potential neuroprotective role, suggesting it may help to prevent BaP-induced neurotoxicity in cerebral palsy. The study emphasizes the promise of hesperidin, encouraging further in vivo and clinical investigations.
SYNTHESIS AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF SOME NEW PYRAZOL INDOLES, THEIR AZO AND MANNICH SALTS AS ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS
Authors:   Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Meerut College, Meerut-250 001, (U.P.), India, Yadav Meenakshi ,   Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Meerut College, Meerut-250 001, (U.P.), India, Chaudhary Sakshi ,   Department of Chemistry, D.N.(P.G), College, Meerut-250 001, (U.P.), India
Published: December 2024

This paper deals with the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new pyrazolyl indole derivatives including azo compounds and Mannich salts. The work of this research could lead to potentially useful analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. Utilizing the synthetic route illustrated in Fig. 1, compounds 1 to 30 have been synthesized. All synthesized compounds have been characterized using TLC, elemental analysis for C, H and N and spectral methods involving IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectroscopy. All tests conducted on standard models in vivo have exhibited excellent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity, thus suggesting potential therapeutic applications.
Construction of High-Entropy LDH Nanostructures to Promote Alkaline Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Yang Yang, Ji-Kai Li,
Published: December 2024

The development of highly active transition metal-based catalysts is a key challenge for improving the efficiency of the
Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER). In this study, a high-entropy layered double hydroxide (HE-LDH) composed of
five metals was successfully designed and synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Electrochemical performance tests
comparing different metal combinations in high-entropy LDHs revealed that NiCoCuFeAl LDH exhibited an overpotential
of only 389 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻². Moreover, it demonstrated a smaller Tafel slope of 124.4 mV dec⁻¹.
This superior catalytic performance is attributed to the synergistic interactions among the five metals, which optimize the
electronic environment. This study offers a promising strategy for designing efficient electrocatalysts with enhanced OER
performance.
Medya Tarafsızlığının Çağdaş Görünümü: Bilim ve Uzmanlığın Gerileyişi
Authors: Selim Ferdi
Published: December 2024

Bilgi ve iletişimde şeffaflık toplumların sağlığı için çok önemlidir. Özellikle demokrasi rejimi belirli bir bilgi seviyesini elde etmiş ve açık malumata sahip olan kimselerin seçimleri üzerine kuruludur. Bilgi kirliliği bu toplumlar için ciddi bir tehdittir. Bilgi ve teknoloji çağı bu doğrultuda demokrasiler için olumlu işlevlere sahiptir. Bilgiye ulaşma bakımından bile fırsat eşitliği yaratmıştır. Ancak veri akışının hızı ve dikkat dağınıklığı bir yana özellikle yaratılan dezenformasyon basit bir konu için onlarca yorumun arasından daha doğru olanı bulmanızı gerektirmektedir. Özellikle bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan sosyal medyanın algoritması ve anonim oluşu işleri daha güçleştirmektedir. Post-truth çağ olarak tanımlanan bugün ise dijital araçlar yoluyla yaratılan dünyada gerçek ve hakikat daha fazla saldırıya uğramıştır. Bilgi karşısında ilgisiz ve sorumsuz filtre balonlarında yaşayan özneler kişisel kanaat ve duygularıyla hareket etmektedirler. Bilim ve uzmanlığın toplumsal misyonu gözle görülür biçimde azalmıştır. Bu çalışma demokrasilerin ilgili bu krizin nedenleri ve çözümü üzerinde felsefi bir tartışmayı açmayı amaçlamaktadır. Mutlaka pek çok disiplini kapsayacak kadar geniş bir konu olması nedeniyle bu çalışmada bir kısmıyla ilgilenilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda bilimsel bilginin saygınlığını yitirmesi, sosyal medya iletişiminin kusurları ve sözde medya tarafsızlığının gündeme getirmiş olduğu tehlikeler çalışmanın odak noktasını oluşturmuştur. Nihayet bu problemler felsefi bir perspektiften sorunların ahlaki boyutlarına işaret etmek yoluyla değerlendirilmiştir.
The Impact Mechanism of Free Competition Among Financial Institutions on the Credit Accessibility of Farmers
Authors: Ji Lianxing , Zhang Ping
Published: December 2024

Using data from rural fixed observation points in Zhejiang Province from 2003 to 2022, this study employs a difference-in-differences (DID) model to explore the impact of free competition among financial institutions on the credit accessibility of farmers and its underlying mechanisms. The results show that free competition among financial institutions significantly improves farmers' credit accessibility. The mechanism analysis indicates that such competition leads to an increase in the number of loan officers, promotes the marketization of certain financial functions, and enhances the dissemination of financial knowledge, thereby improving farmers' financial literacy and reducing financing constraints. Specifically, agricultural industrialization and digitalization both indirectly affect the relationship between free competition among financial institutions and farmers' credit accessibility. Based on these developments, financial institutions are able to provide more efficient and convenient financial services, contributing to the formation of a financial ecosystem. Further analysis reveals a noticeable "siphoning effect" of financial competition in Zhejiang Province, where it significantly promotes the growth of rural credit in the region while suppressing the growth of rural credit in neighboring areas. The study’s conclusions offer both empirical insights into rural financial market reform from the perspective of policy changes and practical reference from the perspective of regional spillovers for the development of rural finance.
Green Transformation Strategies of the Financial Industry under the Background of Dual Carbon
Authors: Ma Yixian
Published: December 2024

The green transformation of the financial sector has emerged as a crucial catalyst in advancing sustainable economic and social development, amidst the global battle against climate change and the pursuit of attaining peak carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality. This paper focuses on the green transition strategy of the financial industry under the dual-carbon target. This study aims to analyze the importance and obstacles associated with the green transformation of the financial sector in light of the dual-carbon target. The study will also assess the current status of the financial industry within the context of dual-carbon, examine the essential factors for the transformation of the financial sector, examine the practices and experiences of Hangzhou, and draw conclusions regarding the key factors for transforming the financial industry. Furthermore, this study employs a combination of literature review and macro-analysis to explore the future development trajectory of green finance. This study finds that the green transition strategies for the financial sector are policy guidance and supervision, innovation of green products and services, and international exchange and cooperation. The study reveals that Hangzhou has established a relatively comprehensive green financial system propelled by policy guidance, market-driven innovation, and international collaboration. The paper concludes by presenting the challenges and solutions encountered in the transition. It proposes policy recommendations to promote the financial industry's transition further and provides theoretical references and practical guidance for the sustainable development of China's financial sector.
Carbon Policy Effect: Dual Carbon Strategy on Profitability of Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors: Xin Qi , Yang Xiaoping
Published: December 2024

The manufacturing industry is a major contributor to the carbon emissions of China. Studying the changes in the profitability of manufacturing enterprises is conducive to observing the impacts and focuses that the "dual carbon" goal brings to manufacturing enterprises,thereby better facilitating the achievement of the "dual carbon" goal.This paper organizes a total of 18,329 sample data from 3,061 manufacturing enterprises in China.It shows that the"dual carbon"policy significantly improved the profitability of enterprises located in regions with well-established low-carbon pilot programs. Then, it’s also found that strategy has a positive effect on profitability for enterprises which belong to the eastern region, non-high polluting industries,or with high ownership concentration. Lastly,it’s also discovered that there is a mediating effect of "dual carbon"strategy which helps to better understand the impact mechanism of improving profitability for manufacturing enterprise under the pressure of regulation.
Le relazioni fra Pomposa, l’area settentrionale dell’esarcato e Ravenna alla luce delle fonti archeologiche
Authors: Cirelli Enrico
Published: December 2024

La nascita di Pomposa è ancora avvolta nel mistero. Si conosce la prima attestazione dalle fonti scritte, nell’anno 874, e grazie all’archeologia sono anche note le strutture di un piccolo edificio religioso, forse databile al VI secolo, coperto dalle strutture del monastero medievale. Negli anni sono state formulate diverse ipotesi per spiegare la fioritura dello straordinario complesso monastico, ma gli elementi sono ancora poco convincenti. In questo contributo cercherò di dimostrare il contesto territoriale in cui si sviluppa l’insediamento e la tessitura di proprietà rurali in cui si afferma già dall’antichità per poi crescere e diventare il potente complesso religioso, posto all’intreccio di una fitta viabilità fluviale e terrestre che poneva in collegamento i territori controllati dall’arcivescovo ravennate con le proprietà delle nascenti élites lombarde e venetiche. Proverò a dimostrare la sovrapposizione del monastero con una vasta proprietà rurale di tradizione antica e il peso dell’influenza culturale ravennate nelle scelte estetiche della costruzione del monastero, dalle forme della chiesa, alla scelta della pavimentazione musiva e della forma della sua cripta, ai modelli di riferimento dei chiostri, dello splendido campanile e del palazzo della Ragione.
Per la genesi dei documenti pubblici del Regnum: le note di cancelleria dei diplomi aragonesi di Bari (1454-1500)
Authors: Pastore Angelo
Published: December 2024

Il contributo mira, in primo luogo, a censire la documentazione emessa dalla cancelleria aragonese di Napoli custodita nei principali istituti di conservazione di Bari, in secondo luogo, a offrire un contributo al complesso lavoro di ricostruzione delle pratiche di documentazione in uso presso questo ufficio. Lo studio pone particolare attenzione alle note di cancelleria apposte sui trentaquattro documenti datati tra 1454 e 1500, nonché ai nomi e ai titoli degli ufficiali che, attraverso la propria sottoscrizione, svolgevano funzione di vidimatori. Le informazioni emerse da un lato confermano quanto già si conosce intorno alla cancelleria napoletana, dall’altro consentono di proporre nuove interpretazioni circa i processi di confezionamento e spedizione degli atti.
Psikiyatri Servisinde Çalışan Hemşirelerin Bakım Vermekte Zorlandıkları Klinik Durumların Belirlenmesi
Authors: Yıldırım Nazmiye , Bulut Melisa
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Psikiyatri servislerinde çalışan hemşireler ani, komplike ve yönetilmesi güç klinik durumlarla karşılaşabilmektedirler. Bu çalışmada ülkemizdeki bölge psikiyatri hastanelerinden birinde çalışmakta olan hemşirelerin hastaya bakım verirken zorlandıkları klinik durumların belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Kesitsel desendeki bu çalışmaya, bir bölge ruh sağlığı ve hastalıkları hastanesinde çalışan 52 hemşire katılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında Kişisel Bilgi Formu, araştırmacılar tarafından literatür taraması sonucunda geliştirilen ve kapsam geçerliliği yapılan Psikiyatri Servisinde Karşılaşılan Klinik Durumlar Anketi kullanılmıştır. Veriler Pearson korelasyon testi, Independent t test ve tek yönlü ANOVA ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşireler yaklaşık 16 yıllık mesleki ve 8 yıllık psikiyatri servisinde çalışma deneyimine sahiptir. Çoğu (%63,5) akut serviste çalışmaktadır. Psikiyatri hastalarına hemşirelik bakımı verirken en çok zorluk yaşanan klinik durumlar “başkalarına zarar verme riski ve girişimi” (2,60±0,85), “kendine zarar verme riski ve girişimi” (2,54±0,92) ile “intihar riski ve girişimi” (2,48±0,92)’dir. Hemşirelerin yaşları ve psikiyatri servisinde çalışma süreleri ile psikiyatri hastasının bakımında karşılaşılan klinik durumlarla ilgili zorlanma düzeyleri arasında negatif yönde orta/zayıf düzeyde ilişkiler bulunmuştur (p
Chroniques Strasbourgeoises
Authors: Dikkers Lucas , Van der Pas Kris , Yayla Ayla
Published: December 2024

Wie aan Straatsburg en de mensenrechten denkt, denkt aan de jurisprudentie van het EHRM. Er gebeurt echter meer mensenrechtelijks in Straatsburg. In deze kroniek wordt verslag gedaan van activiteiten, beslissingen, aanbevelingen en standpunten van alle andere organen die zich binnen het raamwerk van de Raad van Europa bezighouden met mensenrechtenkwesties.
Kroniek EU en mensenrechten
Authors: Beijer Malu , Van der Have Nienke , Van der Meulen Lucia , Pahladsingh Aniel , De Vries Guus
Published: December 2024

Deze kroniek signaleert en becommentarieert de belangrijkste mensenrechtelijke ontwikkelingen in de EU, met nadruk op mensenrechtelijk relevante beleidsontwikkelingen en institutionele ontwikkelingen. Daarnaast is er regelmatig aandacht voor mensenrechtelijke ontwikkelingen in de rechtspraak van het Hof van Justitie van de EU.
Iris tectorum Maxim. (Iridaceae) in India
Authors: Bahali D.
Published: December 2024

Iris tectorum Maxim. – a species native to China and Japan is reported as naturalised in Mussoorie hills of Western Himalaya, India. A detailed description along with illustrations are provided for easy identification.
Deskripsi Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence (AI) Oleh Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama dan Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Susanto Susanto , Kriswinarti Ari , Christiani Yuzi Hana , Bahari Yohanes , Warneri Warneri
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan artificial intelligence oleh siswa khususnya sekolah menengah pertama dan sekolah menengah atas. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian survei. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari pertanyaan dengan jawaban tertutup dan terbuka, di mana kuesioner diberikan secara online melalui platform google form. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 44 orang siswa dengan kategori rentang usia 10-18 tahun. Analisis data dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif yang menjelaskan hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 100% responden mengetahui tentang artificial intelligence. Kemudian jenis artificial intelligence yang paling banyak digunakan adalah chatGPT dan Gemini dengan persentasi mencapai 61%. Temuan lainnya dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa dengan adanya artificial intelligence sangat membantu siswa dalam proses pembelajaran mereka terkhusus pada pengerjaan tugas sekolah. Namun dengan hadirnya artificial intelligence juga memberikan dampak positif dan negatif beserta tantangan yang harus dihadapi oleh siswa. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan artificial intelligence di dalam proses pembelajaran harus tetap berada di dalam pengawasan yang tepat agar dampak negatif yang ada dapat diminimalisir.
Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Full Day School dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Ajiria Dinda , Haryana Gani , Mujiono Mujiono
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi untuk melihat efektivitas pelaksanaan full day school dan pengaruhnya terhadap motivasi belajar siswa di SMAN 1 Bandar Petalangan. Desain Penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik random sampling, dan sebagai pengukurnya digunakan skala likert. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara memberikan instrument angket. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan full day school di SMAN 1 Bandar Petalangan sangat efektif. Efektivitas pelaksanaan full day school berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Bandar Petalangan yaitu sebesar 0,579. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya pelaksanaan full day school dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Bandar Petalangan.
Peran Sunan Gunung Jati dalam Pertahanan Maritim (Analisis Historis Riset ALRI di Cirebon)
Authors: Adi Agus Prabowo , Marsudi Danang , Bangun Edy Iwan , Herman Juli , Pandjaitan Manahan Budiarto
Published: December 2024

Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kontribusi Sunan Gunung Jati dalam pengembangan dan penguatan pertahanan maritim di wilayah Cirebon pada masa kepemimpinannya, selain itu juga untuk menganalisis strategi dan kebijakan yang diterapkan oleh Sunan Gunung Jati dalam menjaga keamanan maritim Cirebon serta untuk menganalisis relevansi peran Sunan Gunung Jati dalam pertahanan maritim ALRI di Cirebon era modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan berbagai narasumber yang kompeten, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori kekuasaan, jaringan sosial, konflik dan budaya. Sehingga hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sunan Gunung Jati tidak hanya fokus pada aspek militer dalam memperkuat pertahanan maritim Cirebon. Beliau juga menerapkan pendekatan yang lebih komprehensif, melibatkan aspek budaya, agama dan diplomasi. Selain itu sunan Gunung Jati juga berhasil membangun jaringan kerjasama dengan kerajaan lain dan melibatkan masyarakat dalam upaya pertahanan maritim. Pendekatan multidimensi ini membuat Cirebon menjadi kerajaan maritim yang kuat dan disegani di Nusantara. Adapun peran Sunan Gunung Jati masih sangat relevan hingga saat ini, terutama dalam konteks pertahanan maritim modern. Pendekatan yang beliau gunakan menginspirasi strategi pertahanan maritim yang lebih komprehensif dan berkelanjutan sehingga warisan Sunan Gunung Jati sejalan dengan visi Indonesia sebagai poros maritim dunia.
Role of Local Governments in Achieving K-M GBF Target-3: Focusing on Potential OECMs by Local Ordinances
Authors:   Korea National Park Service National Park Research Institute, Lee Jun-Yong , Park Sun-Joo , Hong Suk-hwan , Heo Hag Young
Published: December 2024

In order to achieve the national conservation target of the 5th National Biodiversity Strategy(2024-2028), this study aims to identify the potential OECMs, known as Natural Coexistence Areas in Korea, focusing on the sites under the jurisdiction of local governments. In total, 1,067 ordinances with nine keywords in the legal titles of 243 registered municipal ordinances (as of March 2024) in the municipal ordinance information system (Elis) were reviewed. Seventeen ordinances, that mentioned the protection of specific species or specific areas or that contained conservation area provisions in their titles were selected. The 22 areas designated and managed by the 17 selected ordinances were reviewed for each of the four K-OECM criteria: ① whether the area is a protected area, ② geographic boundaries, ③ governance and management, and ④ biodiversity value. This review identified six sites with a high potential for OECM. As a result of the review process, 6 sites were selected to have highly potential to be OECMs.
Adat Among Eurasian Nomads
Authors: Pylypchuk Yaroslav
Published: December 2024

The Kipchaks, also known as Polovtsians in the Slavic chronicles, were
notable not only for their nomadic lifestyle but also for their customs, beliefs, and related
taboos. These customs, or adats, were the root cause of many of the Kipchaks' cruel acts.
This research focuses specifically on the Kipchaks' adats, prohibitions, and the
consequences of violating these rules. Violations related to power dynamics, such as
treason and insubordination, or personal matters, like homosexuality and adultery, were
punishable by death. Similarly, breaching magical prohibitions could also result in the
death penalty. In contrast, theft was considered a less serious offense, with penalties
typically limited to fines. The existence of the custom of baranta/barimta was not solely
due to a lack of ability to enforce rights. Rather, barimta represented a forceful means of
restoring violated rights.
IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF THE STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN ISRAEL AND THE USA
Authors: Zabakhidze Inga
Published: December 2024

The strategic partnership between Israel and the United States is a cornerstone
of both nations' foreign policies, deeply rooted in shared values, democratic principles,
and mutual interests. This alliance spans political, military, and economic domains, with
security cooperation being a primary pillar. The U.S. provides Israel with substantial
military aid, ensuring the latter maintains its qualitative military edge (QME) in a region
marked by volatility. This support is critical for Israel’s defense against external threats,
especially from hostile neighboring countries and non-state actors like Hezbollah and
Hamas.
Economically, the U.S. and Israel engage in robust trade relations, bolstered by the
U.S.-Israel Free Trade Agreement, the first such agreement signed by the United States.
This agreement has fostered the exchange of technology, research, and innovation,
particularly in defense, cybersecurity, and healthcare sectors.
Politically, the partnership is strengthened by bipartisan support in the U.S.
Congress, despite occasional disagreements over specific policies, such as settlement
expansions or approaches to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The two countries collaborate
closely on counterterrorism, intelligence sharing, and strategic initiatives in the Middle
East, such as curbing Iran's nuclear ambitions.
This partnership also reflects the broader geopolitical landscape, where Israel serves
as a key U.S. ally in a region of strategic importance. Overall, the U.S.-Israel relationship
is multifaceted, emphasizing security, economic cooperation, and political alignment,
which together form a durable alliance in global diplomacy.
Theoretical-Practical Aspects Regarding the Importance of the Classical Interpretation of Some Imperative Norms of International Law
Authors: Gamurari Vitalie
Published: December 2024

The last decades have been characterized by attempts to interpret imperative norms of international law depending on the national interests of states, particularly the Great Powers. Such an approach can have negative effects on international law as a whole. Indeed, the founding fathers of these norms engaged in extensive debates to establish the spirit and essence of imperative norms in the interest of the international community as a whole. The classical interpretation of imperative norms is one of the pillars of the uniform application of international law.
The Evolution and Complexity of the Concept of “Legal System”: Normative and Sociological Approaches
Authors: Postu Ion , Rusnac Veronica
Published: December 2024

This article examines the evolution of the concept of the legal system, tracing its origins from 18th-century political philosophy and legal theory to its modern interpretations in comparative law. It explores the close relationship between the concepts of “law” and “legal system”. The article delves into the distinctions and overlaps between law and the legal system, emphasizing their relevance in the contemporary analysis of legal phenomena. It traces the development of legal systems from early theoretical foundations to their current functions, analyzing how legal norms, procedures, and institutions interact with societal structures and values. Modern legal science does not have a universal approach to defining a “legal system,” but it generally encompasses both normative and sociological perspectives. The normative approach views the legal system as an ordered set of legal norms and institutions, while the sociological approach considers it a subsystem of the broader social system, influenced by socio-economic and political factors. This article argues for the use of the term “legal system” in legal typologies, as it provides a more comprehensive understanding of a country’s legal phenomena. The authors propose their own definition of the “legal system” concept.
Tactical Procedures Used in the Process of Verifying the Statements at the Crime Scene
Authors: Sorbala Mihail , Jitariuc Vitalie
Published: December 2024

During the criminal investigation, it is often necessary to verify or clarify the statements made by witnesses, victims, suspects or accused about the events of the committed crime. Such verification is useful for the criminal investigation officer and the prosecutor investigating the case in order to be convinced of the real existence of some or other circumstances, factual circumstances at the crime scene that were stated during the hearing of the persons. Verification at the crime scene of the statements of the persons involved in the process is often accompanied by difficulties of an objective and subjective nature. However, the complex research of the subject of the procedures and tactical peculiarities of the act of verification at the crime scene of the statements of the persons involved in the trial has a major theoretical and practical importance — fact that outlined the object of our research. Thus, the given study is focused on these fundamental issues, within which the theoretical suggestions and practical recommendations for the application of criminal procedural norms and proposals for amending criminal procedural legislation are aimed at optimizing activities in the field and essentially strengthening procedural guarantees in the case of persons involved in the orbit of the criminal trial.
Assessment of Evidence in the Review of Appeals by the Supreme Court of Justice — Constitutional Prerogative or Discretionary Right?
Authors: Rusanovschi Iulian
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the latest related changes that were made with the adoption of Law no. 64/2023 regarding the Supreme Court of Justice, which modified the grounds for an appeal against decisions of appellate courts. Thus, even though the role of the Supreme Court is to ensure the uniform application of the law and to verify only the legality of a decision made by a lower court, the legislator introduced an innovation that grants the Supreme Court of Justice the arbitrary right to examine the merits of a decision made by a lower court and to assess the evidence, thereby acting as a court of first instance. These realities are currently unfolding in a context where hearings in the Supreme Court of Justice occur in the absence of the parties. In the event of examining the merits of the appealed decision and reassessing the evidence without hearing the parties, there is an imminent risk of arbitrary decisions being made and the use of the appeal as a disguised form of a second-instance review under the pretext of unreasonable assessment of evidence by the courts.
Evaluation of the malnutrition risk status of elderly people: A cross-sectional study in three family health centers
Authors: Cakmak Selin , Peker Emel , Sezer Binnur , Basaran Merve , Sezer Onder
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the malnutrition status of elderly patients by applying a mini nutritional assessment in patients aged 65 years and older. Patients aged 65 years and older who applied to family health centers numbered 22.01.009-026-047 in Edirne province were included in these study. Verbal consent was obtained, and patients were asked to answer 27 questions face to face, including the Mini Nutritional Assessment. The investigators performed the anthropometric measurements required for the assessment. The Number Cruncher Statistical System was used for statistical analysis; p <0.05 was considered significant. A total of 153 subjects, 56.9% (n=87) female and 43.1% (n=66) male, were included in the study. There were 3 (2%) individuals with body mass index less than 19. There was no significant correlation between educational status and malnutrition test results (p=0.189). Twenty-five (16.3%) of the participants had no income, 21 (13.7%) lived alone, and no significant relationship was found with the malnutrition test results (p=0.537). A significant negative correlation existed between age and malnutrition test results (r: -0.346; p=0.006; p<0.01). There was a significant decrease in nutritional quality with increasing age (p=0.004). Thise study demonstrated that the malnutrition rate increases with age, therefore, elderly patients should be evaluated more carefully. Early diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition can prevent complications, accelerate recovery, and significantly contribute to maintaining function and improving the quality of life of elderly individuals.
Prediction of cardiovascular disease from factors associated with waist hip ratio by machine learning
Authors: Kucukakcali Zeynep , Cicek Ipek
Published: December 2024

Early risk factor detection is essential for managing and treating cardiovascular disease (CVD), a global health issue. Studies have shown that waist circumference (WC) and waist hip ratio (WHR) are better at identifying CVD than BMI. The study uses Random Forest (RF) machine learning to identify characteristics that affect WHR, an indication of CVD. Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Centre in Iran provided the dataset, which includes sex, family history, diabetes, WHR, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol. Statistical analyses employed Yates' correction and Pearson chi-squared tests. Modeling with RF yielded accuracy, balanced accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and F1 score from performance metrics. Finally, variable significance values determined the dependent variable's most relevant variables. WHR and other variables are statistically significantly correlated. Random Forest machine learning predicts high WHR with high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The most important variables of the prediction model are female sex, smoking status and blood pressure ranges. In conclusion, the global burden of CVD and the necessity of early diagnosis are underlined. The role of WHR along with BMI and waist circumference in the assessment of cardiovascular risk is emphasised. The study concludes that the machine learning model can effectively predict high WHR, aid CVD risk management and facilitate personalised treatment plans. The results contribute to a better understanding of the factors influencing high WHR and can guide healthcare professionals in the comprehensive assessment and management of cardiovascular risks.
Oxidative stress in viral hepatitis
Authors: Erdal Huseyin , Kalayci Hacer
Published: December 2024

Viral hepatitis, primarily caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of viral hepatitis. OS occurs due to a disproportion between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and antioxidant protection, resulting in damage to cells and tissues. In viral hepatitis, viral proteins and immune-mediated inflammatory responses contribute to excessive ROS generation, resulting in oxidative damage to hepatocytes. This damage manifests as lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and protein oxidation, which in turn promote hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, OS has been implicated in the resistance to antiviral therapy observed in some patients. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms underlying OS in viral hepatitis, its contribution to liver disease progression, and its impact on treatment outcomes. Understanding these mechanisms may open new avenues for therapeutic strategies targeting OS, thereby improving the management of viral hepatitis and associated liver diseases.
Evaluation of anxiety in children diagnosed with chronic urticaria
Authors: Altas Ugur , Alkaya Halil , Cevik Seda , Sezer Mehmetcan , Oz Firat , Altas Zeynep , Ozkars Mehmet
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to evaluate anxiety levels in children diagnosed with chronic urticaria and to compare them with those in a healthy control group. Designed as a cross-sectional study, it included children aged 9–18 years diagnosed with chronic urticaria who attended our Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Clinic. A control group of children aged 9–18 years, free from chronic urticaria and other chronic conditions, was also included. Sociodemographic data, urticaria severity, and anxiety levels were examined. In total, data from 45 children with chronic urticaria and 43 healthy children were analyzed. Of the children with chronic urticaria, 64.4% (n=29) were female, compared to 53.5% (n=23) in the control group (p=0.296). The median ages in the chronic urticaria and control groups were 15.0 (range 7.0–18.0) and 13.0 (range 8.0–17.0), respectively (p=0.296). The state anxiety scores in children with chronic urticaria were significantly higher compared to those in the control group (p=0.010). Although trait anxiety scores were also elevated in the chronic urticaria group, the difference did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05). Additionally, while children with uncontrolled urticaria showed higher state and trait anxiety scores, these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between age and trait anxiety (r=0.264, p=0.014). Overall, this study highlights that children with chronic urticaria tend to experience higher levels of anxiety. In clinical practice, the need for psychological support in disease management, especially in more risky groups, should be taken into consideration.
Patient and employee safety in pre-hospital healthcare: Key findings from 2019–2024 research
Authors: Ugrak Ugur , Cinar Safak
Published: December 2024

This systematic review aims to synthesize and present the findings of studies conducted between 2019 and 2024 on patient and employee safety in pre-hospital healthcare. A total of 268 studies were identified through a database search structured according to the study's purpose across databases of ScienceDirect (n=131), Web of Science (n=50), and PubMed (n=105). Following a systematic screening aligned with the study criteria, 26 studies were selected for synthesis. The systematic review followed a typology combining systematic search and review methods and adhered to the "PRISMA" checklist to guide the research process. This systematic review indicates that the safety culture in pre-hospital healthcare was inadequate and that lack of training negatively affected patient and employee safety. The negative effects of factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, lack of equipment, and increased stress on the pre-hospital healthcare culture were emphasized. The importance of standard procedures for preventing accidents in patient transfer processes was stressed. This systematic review reveals that the safety culture in pre-hospital healthcare should be strengthened, training programs should be made comprehensive, and standard operational procedures should be developed. In addition, this study also shows the need to develop safety measures for patient transport processes.
Reconceptualizing the Protection of AI-Generated Works in the Digital Age: An Analysis of the Intellectual Property Laws in Nigeria and the United States
Authors: Itanyi Nkem
Published: December 2024

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to advance, it has become increasingly common for AI systems to create original works such as art, music, and literature. However, the question of who owns the copyright in such works and how they can be protected under intellectual property (IP) laws remains a complex and contentious issue. In addition, issues around the eligibility of AI-generated works for protection also arise, as does the protection of such works in the digital age, where copying without attribution is rampant. The debate continues to this day as more generative AI tools are introduced to the world, the most recent being OpenAI’s ChatGPT4, and now there is the talk of ChatGPT5. AI is capable of producing content based on the vast amounts of data available to it. This paper explores and compares the IP laws in Nigeria and the United States as they relate to protecting AI-generated works in the digital age. The paper will analyse the legal frameworks in both countries and consider the challenges and opportunities posed by AI-generated works for copyright law. It will further do a comparative analysis of the approaches adopted by both jurisdictions in protecting AIgenerated content. The research finds that the protection of AIgenerated works in both jurisdictions is quite problematic due to the principle of authorship being attributable to only humans. The paper suggests adopting best practices by both jurisdictions to aid in the protection of AI-generated works.