bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review of the different explanatory variables used to understand the influence of engagements with the police, social services, and the educational environment on youth violent offending
Authors: Odin Benjamin , Young Tracey , Hughes Nathan
Published: February 2024

Background Youth related violent crimes are an ongoing public issue. The age crime curve demonstrates that rates of offending and violent offending are highest amongst this demographic. Numerous studies exist which seek to improve understanding of youth violence by considering the impact that engagements with bodies including the police, social services and the education system have on the outcome. To date, a gap remains in the literature, which is a single review that combines these studies to clearly demonstrate which engagements are statistically significant and which appear, at risk of a type 2 error, to be statistically insignificant. It is to this end that this review has been performed, to address the gap in knowledge and provide a baseline of understanding, effective up to January 2023. Methods Using a robust and reviewed search strategy, 8 public databases have been searched alongside several sources of grey literature to identify relevant papers for this review. Results From an initial total of 6,728 papers, a total of 28 papers were included in the final stage of this review. These papers consist of: papers relating primarily to police exposures, 1 paper relating primarily to social services exposures and 23 papers relating primarily to educational exposures. Conclusions This review has provided clarity on the different engagements that have been considered by researchers. This review further clearly disseminates between exposures found to be statistically significant and those found not to be. This review provides an important temporal benchmark for future investigations which can now save time regarding performing searches for work completed to date by using this review as their starting point.
The genome sequence of the Red Chestnut moth, Cerastis rubricosa (Schiffermüller, 1775)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Holland Peter W.H. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Cerastis rubricosa (the Red Chestnut moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 678.7 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.39 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 18,784 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of the Hebrew Character, Orthosia gothica (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Holland Peter W.H. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Orthosia gothica (the Hebrew character; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 1,065.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 37 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.38 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 13,691 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of the Large-spurred Digger Wasp, Nysson spinosus (Forster, 1771)
Authors: Crowley Liam M. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Nysson spinosus (the Large-spurred Digger Wasp; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Crabronidae). The genome sequence is 314.6 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 26 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 20.22 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 10,008 protein coding genes.
Digital Platforms as an Impetus for the Realization Companies’ IT-Infrastructure Import Substitution Projects: Sber Ecosystem Experience
Authors: Titov I.
Published: February 2024

The development of digital economy is currently impeded by the complex geopolitical situation, causing negative influence on Russian companies’ IT-infrastructure stability. Given conditions determine the importance of technological products import substitution. The stimulating state policy and digital transformation of business which is based on progressive technologies determine a key role of Russian companies’ digital platforms in the import substitution of technological products. Therefore, the support of technological projects development is provided, the results of which are implemented at micro level or scaled in the form of end-to-end technologies at meso- or macro levels. This article considers approaches to the classification of digital platforms and analyzes the B2B segment services of Sber ecosystem as a platform for the implementation of Russian companies’ technological projects According to the results of the study, the directions of business solutions import substitution have been identified, as well as the development of the architecture model of Sber ecosystem B2B segment which contribute to the successful implementation of companies’ technological projects was developed.
Childhood obesity - risk factors and prevention strategies
Authors: Magiera Barbara , Rybak Jakub , Magiera Karol , Bator Piotr , Razik Michał , Rozwadowska Patrycja , Ramian Jan , Razik Wiktor
Published: February 2024

Introduction and purpose: Obesity is one of the most serious health challenges in modern society. Over the last 40 years, the number of obese school-age children has increased tenfold. This not only has significant consequences for physical health, but also affects psychosocial aspects and the quality of life of the young generation. The aim of this study is to conduct a comprehensive review of the literature on obesity among children and adolescents, focused on identifying the main risk factors and analyzing effective forms of prevention.
Materials and methods: A review of the literature available in the "PubMed" database and books was conducted. The search was performed by using the following keywords: "childhood obesity", "childhood obesity risk factors", “childhood obesity prevention”
State of knowledge: The risk factors for obesity in children and adolescents include genetic factors, endocrine diseases, improper diet, low physical activity, low socioeconomic status, stress, psychological factors, short sleep time, medications, hypothalamic obesity and H. pylori. As part of the prevention of obesity in children and adolescents, it is recommended to develop appropriate habits in children and adolescents. The influence of parents on health behaviors in children is important. Top-down activities such as health campaigns and legal regulations also have a significant impact.
Summary: Due to research conducted over the years, awareness of obesity risk factors has increased. To effectively prevent this disease, an integrated approach is necessary, taking into account both education and changes in the social environment. Implementing these strategies requires cooperation at local, regional, national and international levels.
Microbiota and depressive disorders – a review
Authors: Kosyra Kamila , Drabczyk Marta , Marczyńska Zuzanna , Zyśk Antoni , Magda Inga
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Depression, affecting 1 in 8 individuals with a 27.6% rise during COVID-19, prompts an exploration of the gut-brain-microbiota axis's role in mental health, focusing on depression.State of Knowledge: The gut microbiota regulates the brain-gut axis, impacting neurotransmitter production. Dysbiosis correlates with depressive behaviors. Factors like short-chain fatty acids and neurotrophins play roles in gut-brain communication.Materials and method: A literature review was conducted using the “PubMed” and “Google Scholar” databases with the keywords “Gut microbiota”, “Fecal microbiota”, “Depression and microbiota”, “Depression”, „Probiotics role”, „Mental health and priobiotics”, „Probiotics and prebiotics”, „Prebiotics and brain”.Summary: Altered gut microbiota links to psychiatric disorders, disrupting composition stability by age three through antibiotic use. Imbalances impact neurotransmitters and inflammation, crucial in depression pathophysiology.Treatment and Impact on Gut Microbiota: Antidepressants affect gut microbiota diversity bidirectionally, offering potential tailored therapies. The Mediterranean diet correlates with lower depression risk. Excessive sugar intake triggers neuroinflammation.Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: FMT emerges as a promising depression treatment, reshaping gut microbiota and modulating the gut-brain axis. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. show potential in mitigating depression symptoms. FOS and GOS positively influence gut microbiota.Conclusion: This review underscores the intricate gut-brain-microbiota axis in depression, suggesting personalized therapeutic approaches for effective management.
New technological developments in medical education
Authors: Michalik Beniamin , Sęk Michał , Szypuła Aleksandra , Hajduk-Maślak Katarzyna , Skóra Adrianna , Galasińska Iwona
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Medical education is a rapidly evolving field, necessitating adaptation to shifts in student demographics and societal needs. Balancing the demand for more healthcare providers must be accompanied by a focus on maintaining the quality of education. As certain conventional teaching methods lose favour, there is a continuous influx of new technologies that can be harnessed for the education of future doctors.

Purpose of the study: The objective of this study was to gather and analyse literature on the utilization of new technologies in medical education and their influence on students, educators, and the overall quality of medical instruction.

Material and methods: A review of the literature available on PubMed and a grey literature search was performed. We used such keywords like: “medical education”, “physician training”, “medical students”, “technology”, “elearning”, “new learning methods”. We also applied Bolean logical operators such as “AND”, “OR”.  

Results: Examining the gathered publications leads to the conclusion that a variety of new technologies are being employed in medical education, such as e-learning, telehealth, and virtual or augmented reality. While some function as alternatives to existing methods, others introduce entirely novel approaches. In general, these new technologies positively impact education by enhancing outcomes, increasing accessibility to education, and reducing the costs associated with the teaching process.

Conclusions: The integration of emerging technologies has become essential in the preparation of future medical professionals. Despite the overall positive impact, there are apprehensions regarding potential long-term consequences for healthcare delivery. Subsequent studies are crucial to assess lasting effects, delving into how the integration of technology may shape the skills of healthcare professionals over time.
Congenital hand differences: a comprehensive literature review
Authors: Choi Jinil , Kwon Sung Tack , Kim Byung Jun
Published: February 2024

Upper extremity anomalies are the second most common type of congenital malformations. Approximately 1% to 3% of newborns are born with congenital anomalies, and among them, roughly 10% have upper extremity anomalies. Congenital hand anomalies are often isolated phenomena but may also coexist with other congenital anomalies or syndromes. These anomalies cause not only aesthetic concerns, but also significant functional deficits and psychological issues for children and their families. Surgeons should conduct a thorough examination to make an accurate diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment or refer the patient to a specialized clinic if necessary. Operative procedures should aim to restore both function and aesthetics. This article reviews the embryology of the hand, the classification of congenital hand anomalies, and the clinical features and treatment of common major congenital hand anomalies.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Applications in Graft Versus Host Disease
Authors: GÜRSOY Gamze , GÜRLEK GÖKÇEBAY Dilek , ÖZBEK Namık Yaşar
Published: February 2024

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation stands as a promising cure for a variety of diseases. However, the potential of acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), which leads to significant morbidity and mortality, remains a cause for concern. GvHD occurs due to the complex interactions of immune cells from the graft and the host cells. Despite the existence of prophylactic treatments, GvHD may still occur, and the resistance to conventional therapies necessitates novel approaches and treatments.
Mesenchymal stem cells, which are pluripotent stem cells capable of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation, have gained attention for their low immunogenicity and ability to be sourced from various origins. They have shown promise as therapeutic tools for the cell-based treatment of inflammatory, immune-mediated, and degenerative diseases owing to their remarkable abilities in immunomodulation, immunosuppression, and tissue regeneration. In GvHD, MSCs have demonstrated therapeutic potential through paracrine activity and organelle transfer via nanotubes, microvesicles, or exosomes.
The emergence of MSCs as a treatment for severe steroid-resistant GvHD gained attention in the early 2000s. While initial studies have demonstrated encouraging results in the use of MSCs for the prevention of GvHD, there is still a need for further investigation. Therefore, in this current review, we aim to delve deeper into MSC’s features and their clinical applications in the case of GvHD treatment.
Práticas cotidianas e a criticidade dos povos originários:
Authors: Teixeira Alessandra Falcão , Castelo Branco Rangel de Almeida Cecília de Fátima
Published: February 2024

Este artigo é parte de uma pesquisa de doutorado em educação que buscou conhecer como indígenas nordestinos recepcionam o processo educacional ofertado nas graduações, uma vez que a universidade não foi idealizada para as minorias. Para tanto, investigaram-se as práticas cotidianas utilizadas por um grupo de indígenas dos cursos de ciências biológicas, zootecnia, licenciatura em educação do campo, engenharia de pesca, pedagogia, educação física, engenharia agronômica e licenciatura em história. A metodologia aplicada teve natureza quantitativa, baseou-se num estudo de caso por meio de entrevistas, observações e questionários. A interpretação dos dados tem perspectiva de análise temática de Bardin. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os resultados obtidos por meio de entrevistas e questionários. Com aporte teórico em Michel de Certeau e em Paulo Freire, chegou-se à conclusão de que as práticas cotidianas e a consciência crítica do processo histórico que vivenciam auxiliam discentes indígenas na integração à universidade.
Reordamento da rede escolar de Fortaleza:
Authors: Soares Erineuda do Amaral , Vidal Eloisa Maia
Published: February 2024

O artigo objetiva refletir sobre os efeitos da política de reordenamento de escolas nas subjetividades e aprendizagens dos discentes em transição do 5º para o 6º ano do ensino fundamental e procura compreender como eles são afetados por esse modelo de especialização das escolas. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa e estudo de casos múltiplos. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com coordenadores pedagógicos posteriormente analisadas pela Análise de Discurso Crítica proposta por Fairclough. As análises sugerem que, ao fragmentar a oferta do ensino fundamental, a transição dos alunos entre 5º e 6º ano é afetada pelo esgarçamento dos vínculos afetivos dos alunos, uma vez que ocorre uma ruptura decorrente da desterritorialização. Essa situação, devido à Estima de lugar, demanda tempo para reconstrução dos laços de pertencimento e irmandade em torno do novo território, o que pode vir afetar a aprendizagem e o rendimento escolar desses estudantes. Portanto, essa transição merece atenção e acompanhamento por parte dos profissionais da educação de modo a mitigar os impactos negativos nas subjetividades desse alunado.
Educação em direitos humanos nos currículos dos cursos de direto de três universidades brasileiras
Authors: Lopes Luis Fernando , Matoso Rubiane Bakalarczyk , Nogueira e Silva Nadia Catarina
Published: February 2024

Este estudo bibliográfico e documental de cunho qualitativo e exploratório propõe uma reflexão sobre a educação em direitos humanos no Brasil com foco na análise das matrizes curriculares dos cursos de graduação em direito de três universidades públicas brasileiras: UFPR, UFSC e USP. Os aportes teóricos consideram, sobretudo, as contribuições de Sacristán (1998; 2000), Candau (2008), Freire (1996), Arroyo (2015) e, ainda, Dibbern e Serafim (2023). A problemática questiona em que medida as matrizes curriculares e os currículos das disciplinas dos cursos de graduação em direito possibilitam a abordagem dos direitos humanos em consonância com o Plano Nacional de Educação em Direitos Humanos? Os resultados apontam que os direitos humanos (DH) ainda são ensinados como normas e conceitos, sem um caráter pedagógico, voltado para a educação em e para direitos humanos (EDH).
Que lugar ocupa a interculturalidade na formação docente?
Authors: Dalpiaz Priscila Caroline , Henzle Marcia Regina Selpa
Published: February 2024

Estudos voltados para a interculturalidade e a educação intercultural estão sendo discutidos cada vez mais na formação profissional docente, a fim de que se possa compreender como esse conceito reflete nas relações sociais e na formação dos sujeitos. Entretanto, percebem-se lacunas nas discussões, havendo a necessidade de ampliar este debate nos espaços acadêmicos e escolares. Dessa forma nesta pesquisa, pretende-se aprofundar os conceitos de interculturalidade apresentados por alguns estudiosos do campo. Tem por objetivo analisar o lugar que ocupa a interculturalidade em uma proposta curricular de formação inicial do pedagogo, e como a Internacionalização do Currículo contribui com as práticas interculturais. A geração de dados se deu a partir da análise da matriz curricular do curso de Pedagogia, e Projeto Pedagógico de Curso da instituição analisada. Para auxiliar-nos teoricamente contamos com o pensamento crítico de autores que foram a principal referência neste estudo, como Candau (2008, 2011, 2012, 2016, 2022), Walsh (2001, 2005, 2009) e Fleuri (2003, 2014, 2018), além dos demais autores que compuseram o quadro teórico e que contribuíram com o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. A partir das análises, conclui-se que há um certo silenciamento em relação a interculturalidade nos documentos curriculares analisados, podemos perceber que a Internacionalização do Currículo- IoC poderia contribuir para uma formação mais abrangente, de modo que passe a incluir conteúdos e temas relacionados às diferentes culturas e realidades existentes no mundo. Entende-se que os pedagogos precisam estar preparados para trabalhar com estudantes de diferentes culturas e promover a inclusão e a equidade em sala de aula.
A relação entre docente de matemática e intérprete de Libras:
Authors: Santos Rayssa Feitoza Felix dos , Farias Daniella Rodrigues de
Published: February 2024

A presente investigação se insere no estudo da relação entre dois profissionais que participam diretamente no processo de ensino de matemática a estudantes surdos em escolas regulares, a saber, o docente de matemática e o intérprete de Libras. O objetivo do estudo consiste em analisar as relações constituídas entre docentes de matemática e intérpretes de Libras. Para fundamentar os conceitos-chaves da pesquisa optou-se pela concepção pós-estruturalista que vêm, assim, conferir potência às discussões através da apreciação das historicidades, dos devires em jogo. O lastro teórico da pesquisa se firma, portanto, numa rede entre autores da abordagem pós-estruturalista, estudiosos da inclusão e educação de surdos, dentre eles, Deleuze (2006), Quadros (1997). Esta investigação possui abordagem qualitativa e tem como cerne dos procedimentos metodológicos a observação direta em aulas de matemática que dispõem de intérpretes de Libras e entrevistas semiestruturadas com os professores de matemática e os intérpretes de Libras das salas de aula observadas. Após a coleta de dados, realizou-se a análise de discurso a partir do contato com esse universo que estuda o discurso e o percebe como a palavra em movimento, em curso. Percebemos durante a pesquisa, a provisoriedade de pessoas e contextos e, assimetrias em saberes e poderes evidenciados nas relações de poder estabelecidas entre os participantes.
Setting the top 10 research priorities for pancreatitis
Authors: Munnelly Stacey , Mitra Vikramjit , Mole Damian
Published: February 2024

The James Lind Partnership discuss their process for establishing the top 10 priorites in pancreatitis care
The RCN GI Forum: continuing to raise awareness
Authors: Hill Rebekah
Published: February 2024

The Royal College of Nursing Gastrointestinal Forum chair, Rebekah Hill, discusses how they are aiming to continue to help stoma nurses and patients in 2024
Managing passive regurgitation in patients under general anaesthesia
Authors: Cox Stacey
Published: February 2024

Gastro-oesophageal reflux and regurgitation are considered adverse events that can be associated with general anaesthesia. The severity of complications depends on the immediate management of the episode and can include oesophagitis, rhinitis, aspiration pneumonia, oesophageal stricture and, in some cases, death. As veterinary nurses commonly monitor anaesthesia in practice, they require skilled techniques to instantly be able to recognise and act rapidly with the appropriate response following a regurgitation event. Being knowledgeable and understanding the likely aetiology, incidence and treatment of regurgitation can help to reduce the occurrence and, ultimately, lead to the best outcomes for the patient.
Propofol wastage in anaesthesia: implications and environmental outcomes
Authors: Elsom Jacqueline
Published: February 2024

Propofol has been reported as one of the most ‘wasted’ drugs used in both human and veterinary hospitals. This article identifies the amount of propofol being discarded in the veterinary hospital and assesses the implications of doing so. Waste propofol causes both an environmental and financial burden on the hospital. It is essential that wastage in the hospital is managed correctly. It is hoped that by conducting audits such as this, the amount of wastage can be identified and minimised. Mishandling of propofol waste contaminates our waterways and soil, and its carbon footprint needs to be considered. Over-production of any drug just to be wasted uses an excess of unnecessary raw materials. Pressure is being felt by the healthcare profession to minimise the effect it has on the environment; the old ways of thinking are being challenged and changes need to be made.
Flow Rate and Volume Estimates from Variable Frequency Drive Operated Drainage Sump Pumps
Authors: Nelson Emily P. , Scherer Thomas F. , Jia Xinhua
Published: February 2024

Highlights

This article provides an overview of operations and benefits of using a variable frequency drive to operate agricultural subsurface drainage system sump pumps.

A methodology is proposed to monitor flow rates leaving agricultural subsurface drainage pump stations via a MATLAB algorithm.

The results of this research were mixed because the algorithm estimates did not always match with the corresponding flowmeter measurements.

Abstract. Subsurface drainage plays a crucial role in excess water removal through perforated pipes buried in the soil. The Red River Valley of eastern North Dakota and west central Minnesota often requires pumped drainage outlets due to its flat topography, with many modern systems incorporating variable frequency drives (VFD) for improved efficiency. VFDs adjust pump speeds to match drainage needs, but this dynamic operation complicates accurate flow rate estimation for edge-of-field monitoring. This project aimed to devise an automated method for calculating flow rate estimates from VFD pumping systems involving tank geometry, operational water levels, and pump duty cycling. Linear regressions with calibration data from a transit-time ultrasonic flowmeter produced mixed outcomes. Some linear regressions revealed errors in calculated versus measured flow rate of =14%, while other regressions showed errors nearing 40%. To address this, future efforts should explore methods incorporating the pump’s electrical characteristics. This approach would provide a more accurate representation of the unstable and intricate pumping operations during transient conditions. Keywords: Edge-of-field monitoring, Flow rate, Pump, Red River Basin, Subsurface drainage, Variable frequency drive
Long Term Outdoor Algae Production on Undiluted Anaerobic Digestate in the Southeastern US
Authors: Wang Qichen , Higgins Brendan T.
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Local algae outdoor production on undiluted anaerobic digestate over 1-year.

Dominating eukaryotes transitioned from Coelastrum to Chlorella in warmer season.

Culture collapsed when pretreatment on digestate was purposefully stopped.

Low cyanobacteria abundance observed in the consortium.

Abstract. Growing algae on anaerobic digestate could decrease the algal production cost while reducing nutrient pollution. In past work, we developed a successful biological pretreatment for digestate that enables rapid algal growth on digestate without dilution. The objective of this work was to test the effectiveness of this pretreatment in outdoor algae cultures over a year-long timeframe. The study was conducted in semi-continuous, replicated bubble column photobioreactors in Auburn, AL, USA. Algae could grow successfully in pretreated digestate during the fall, spring, and summer, achieving average growth rates of 30, 42, and 66 mg L-1 d-1, respectively. Although the cold temperatures in winter suppressed algal growth, external heating was not required to keep the cultures alive. For two weeks during the summer, the system was challenged with 100% digestate that did not undergo pretreatment, and the algal community suffered a culture collapse with a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in productivity compared to the previous batches in which pretreatment was used. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur removal were observed during robust algal growth. There was no nitrification in the photobioreactors during the initial 200 days, but evidence of nitrification emerged during the summer and persisted into the fall. Nitrospirae were detected by 16S rRNA sequencing, proving that nitrifying bacteria could adapt to high ammonium (462 - 1502 mg/L). The eukaryotic community was dominated by Coelastrum (>90%) in the cold season, and the dominance transitioned to Chlorella in the warm season (>95%) based on 18S rRNA sequencing. The low relative abundance of cyanobacteria showed that green algae were the favored photosynthetic organisms in the system. Keywords: Biogas effluent, Microalgae, Nitrification, Nutrient recycling, Wastewater.
Understanding the Landscape of Cyberbiosecurity for Integrative Educational Programming
Authors: Adeoye Samson O. , Batarseh Feras , Brown Anne M. , Kaufman Eric K.
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Alignment of terminology and community building are crucial in cyberbiosecurity.

Agriculture and life sciences in a digital age present unconventional challenges.

Data and digital literacy are baseline skills for integrative cyberbiosecurity education programming.

Cyberbiosecurity education framework offers a foundation for intentional, integrative programming efforts.

Abstract. As an emerging and interdisciplinary field at the nexus of digital technologies and agriculture and life sciences (ALS), the integration of cyberbiosecurity education for professional training and skills development remains challenging. Educational practices and related workforce development efforts associated with cyberbiosecurity may be best generalized as pseudo-shadow education, occurring outside standardized practice and lacking known ‘best practice’ to mimic. The current state of cyberbiosecurity education reflects a lack of sequenced and developed knowledge, values, judgments, and ways of thinking, which serve as windows into the underlying cultures of a disciplinary field. Coupled with this gap, the continuous deployment and convergence of information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) within ALS creates new vulnerabilities that are unfamiliar to the workforce. These vulnerabilities expose critical ALS infrastructures to cyber-attacks and terrorism and hold significant consequences for the bioeconomy. Securing the bioeconomy and preventing negative multiplier effects in other related sectors depend on adequate cyberbiosecurity education programming and workforce development. This exploratory report of current realities and future prospects provides insights into integrative cyberbiosecurity education programming for workforce development. The study explicates underlying concerns to be addressed in developing integrative cyberbiosecurity education for professionals in agriculture and life sciences and suggests an expandable framework to facilitate workforce development programming. Concerns to address regarding the creation of educational programming in cyberbiosecurity include alignment in definition, cross-boundary community building, the peculiar dynamics of the cyberbiosecurity threat landscape, and baseline requirements for cyberbiosecurity education and practice. Keywords: Agriculture and life sciences, Bioeconomy, Cyberbiosecurity, Education and workforce development, Threat landscape.
Detection of Plasmodium in small ruminants in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, using a nested PCR assay
Authors: PRIYOWIDODO DWI , WARDHANA APRIL HARI , SAWITRI DYAH HARYUNINGTYAS , PRASTOWO JOKO , NURCAHYO WISNU , AWALUDIN AAN , NUGRAHENI YUDHI RATNA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Priyowidodo D, Wardhana AH, Sawitri DH, Prastowo J, Nurcahyo W, Awaludin A, Nugraheni YR. 2023. Detection of Plasmodium in small ruminants in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, using a nested PCR assay. Biodiversitas 24: 6722-6726. Limited investigation of natural malaria infection in small ruminants in Yogyakarta needs to be explored. Plasmodium sp., as the causative agent of malaria, has been proven to infect ungulates, including small ruminants. This study aimed to investigate the presence of natural malaria infection in goats and sheep in Yogyakarta. A total of 303 blood samples were collected from goats and sheep in this study from four selected areas by a cross-sectional study. A microscopic examination detected the Plasmodium stage in a thin blood smear. Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) performed molecular detection, targeting cytochrome b (cytb) as a gene target. It was found that no Plasmodium stage was detected in thin blood smears. However, three out of 70 blood samples from Girimulyo were Plasmodium-positive based on nested PCR assay. The results highlight that molecular assay by nested PCR is more sensitive than microscopic examination. Molecular analysis revealed natural Plasmodium infections in Ettawa cross-bread goats, with a proportion of 0.0429 (95% CI: 0.0089-0.1202). There was no statistical difference between sex and natural malaria infection in goats. This finding suggests that molecular analysis is necessary to detect natural malaria infection with extremely low parasitemia levels. Therefore, further study with larger sample sizes and broader geographical representation is needed to fully understand these malaria infections in goats and sheep.
Environmental risk assessment of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd concentrations accumulated in selected mangrove roots and surrounding their sediment
Authors: ROZIRWAN ROZIRWAN , KHOTIMAH NADILA NUR , PUTRI WIKE AYU EKA , FAUZIYAH FAUZIYAH , ARYAWATI RIRIS , DAMIRI NURHAYATI , ISNAINI ISNAINI , NUGROHO REDHO YOGA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Rozirwan, Khotimah NN, Putri WAE, Fauziyah, Aryawati R, Damiri N, Isnaini, Nugroho RY. 2023. Environmental risk assessment of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd concentrations accumulated in selected mangrove roots and surrounding their sediment. Biodiversitas 24: 6733-6742. Mangroves as the largest coastal ecosystem can accumulate heavy metals from their environment. This study aimed to evaluate the environmental risk associated with heavy metal pollution accumulated in the roots of mangroves and the surrounding sediments. The mangrove roots consisted of three species Sonneratia caseolaris, Rhizopora apiculata, and Xylocarpus granatum, collected from three observation stations within the Payung Island mangrove ecosystem in South Sumatra, Indonesia. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Statistical analysis employed one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). At the same time, ecological risk assessment utilized the Bioconcentration Factor (BCF), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Contamination factor (Cf), and Pollution Load Index (PLI). The highest sediment concentrations of heavy metals at station 3 were 12.786±0.26 mg/kg for Pb, 10.413±0.011 mg/kg for Cu, 42.752±0.053 mg/kg for Zn, and Cd was not detected. In mangrove roots, the highest concentrations were found in S. caseolaris, with 2.596±0.002 mg/kg for Pb and 11.881±0.015 mg/kg for Zn, while X. granatum exhibited 8.850±0.011 mg/kg for Cu and 0.160±0.020 mg/kg for Cd. BCF values <1 were categorized as exclusion, Igeo<0 indicated non-contamination, Cf<1 signified low pollution, and PLI<0 denoted an unpolluted status. Based on the results, the quality of the mangrove ecosystems affected by heavy metal pollution is currently considered safe regarding environmental risk assessment.
Soil biological quality in rhizosphere, growth, and yield of upland rice grown on acid soil after amended biochar enriched sap of Kappaphycus alvarezii
Authors: RAKIAN TRESJIA CORINA , KILOWASID LAODE MUHAMMAD HARJONI , AFA LA ODE , RISKYANA ARDISTA , NURAZIZAH NURAZIZAH , WIJAYANTI YUSLITA , BAHRUN ANDI , SUBAIR IMRAN , RAHNI NINI MILA , ALAM SYAMSU , SARAWA SARAWA , KARIMUNA LA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Rakian TC, Kilowasid LMH, Afa LO, Riskyana A, Nurazizah, Wijayanti Y, Bahrun A, Subair I, Rahni NM, Alam S, Sarawa, Karimuna L. 2023. Soil biological quality in rhizosphere, growth, and yield of upland rice grown on acid soil after amended biochar enriched sap of Kappaphycus alvarezii. Biodiversitas 24: 6780-6792. Biological soil quality is essential in evaluating soil management practices using biochar enriched for upland rice growth on acid soil. Therefore, the study aimed to (i) analyze the effect of biochar-enriched sap of Kappaphycus alvarezii (K-sap) on the abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF), bacteria, and protozoa in rhizosphere soil, growth, and yield of upland rice, and (ii) the relationship between the abundance of soil biota and the growth and yield components, as well as straw N, P, and K content on acid soil. Four upland rice were grown on acid soil incubated with biochar-enriched sap for two weeks in pots. Nine treatments of the biochar-enriched sap were tested, namely control, 5% biochar-0% K-sap, 5% biochar-5% K-sap, 5% biochar -10% K-sap, 5% biochar-15% K-sap, 7.5% biochar-0% K-sap, 7.5% biochar-5% K-sap, 7.5% biochar-10% K-sap, and 7.5% biochar-15% K-sap. Each treatment was three replicates in a randomized block design. The results demonstrated that the AMF spores quantity decreased while flagellates increased in the soil rhizosphere. The P and K content increased, the N:P decreased, and P:K ratio varied in the straw of the upland rice. Plant height and total spikelets increased, while root dry weight and roots to shoots ratio (R:S) decreased with biochar enriched. The abundance of AMF spores and flagellates correlated positively and negatively with R:S. Furthermore, R:S was negatively correlated with plant height and total spikelets. Plant height and total spikelets showed a positive correlation, while root dry weight and R:S was negatively correlated with K content in shoot tissue. The P and K contents with N:P ratio and N:P with P:K were negatively correlated. In conclusion, biochar-enriched K-sap effectively regulated the activity and composition of soil biota in the rhizosphere, influencing upland rice's growth, yield, and nutrient balance uptake on acid soils.
Consumer perceptions of stingrays in coastal areas of Indonesia
Authors: NAWASTUTI DATI , DARWANTO DWIDJONO HADI , MULYO JANGKUNG HANDOYO , SUADI SUADI
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Nawastuti D, Darwanto DH, Mulyo JH, Suadi. 2023. Consumer perceptions of stingrays in coastal areas of Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6844-6851. Stingray populations harvested for food may pose risks to food security and conservation goals. The purpose of this research is (i) to determine the type of fish product based on how consumers obtain the product, (ii) to determine the gender of consumers based on the type of product, and (iii) ii) to determine the type of fish product for consumption purposes. Primary data were collected from Google Forms and followed by interviews with selected households. The number of respondents was 125 people from Java Island, Timor Island, Sumba Island, Adonara Island, Lembata Island, Bangka Belitung Island and Flores Island. The information obtained was investigated using Chi-square analysis to understand consumer preferences for fish consumption using an adaptation of SPSS 25 programming. The results of the research show that there are two relationships, namely (i) the type of fish product has a significant relation to fishing, the way consumers fish, the fishery products they buy and (ii) consumer gender has a significant relationship with product type because male consumers find it easier to get stingrays by fishing so they are easier to consume individually, in groups, or to sell. A proper understanding of gender differences in stingray consumption can help determine the sustainability of stingray fisheries in a region because it can be known exactly who can access sustainable food. Although there are several types of stingrays that are protected, other types of stingrays should not be consumed. The results we obtained can be useful for increasing public awareness regarding the use of fish catching and its impact on the carrying capacity of fisheries in Indonesia.
Molecular detection of Borrelia spp. (Spirochaetales: Borreliaceae) in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from tortoises in Java, Indonesia
Authors: SOPHIA HANA FAIZAH , SUPRIYONO SUPRIYONO , SOVIANA SUSI , NOVIANTO DIMAS , HADI UPIK KESUMAWATI
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Sophia HF, Supriyono, Soviana S, Novianto D, Hadi UK. 2023. Molecular detection of Borrelia spp. (Spirochaetales: Borreliaceae) in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from tortoises in Java, Indonesia. Biodiveritas 24: 6852-6857. Reptiles are known hosts of various tick species, many of which are zoonotic and pose veterinary and public health risks. Amblyomma ticks frequently parasitize reptiles and are potential vectors of zoonoses. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of tick infestations and to identify Borrelia species infections in ticks found on tortoises. One hundred six tortoise hosts in three provinces in Indonesia. DNA extraction and Borrelia species were detected using conventional PCR techniques. The results revealed the presence of nineteen hard-bodied ticks on Chelonoidis carbonarius Spix, 1824, Chelonoidis denticulatus Linnaeus, 1766, and Geochelone sulcata Miller, 1779. All the ticks collected were identified as Amblyomma sparsum Neumann 1899, and the prevalence of A. sparsum infestations on tortoises in this study was 7.55%. Borrelia spp. was detected in some of the A. sparsum ticks infesting tortoises. Subsequent sequencing unveiled two distinct reptile-associated (REP) borrelia strains. This study sheds light on the tick infestation patterns and the potential transmission of Borrelia species among tortoises kept as exotic pets in urban areas by A. sparsum ticks. The findings provide valuable insights into the bioecology of ticks and the associated health risks they pose to reptiles, thereby contributing to our understanding of zoonotic disease dynamics in the region.
Study of Curcuma diversity from Central Java, Indonesia for sunscreen and antioxidant activity based on quantitative phytochemical analysis
Authors: NURHASNAWATI HENNY , SUNDU REKSI , SUKMAWATI ANITA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Nurhasnawati H, Sundu R, Sukmawati A. 2023. Study of Curcuma diversity from Central Java, Indonesia for sunscreen and antioxidant activity based on quantitative phytochemical analysis. Biodiversitas 24: 6880-6887. Indonesia is home to various plants, including those of the genus Curcuma. This study aimed to determine the effect of total phenolic and flavonoid content of Curcuma on antioxidant activity and SPF values. It is known that this rhizome contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and phenols, which are known to have antioxidant potential and are believed to act as natural ingredients for sun protection products. The samples used in this study were rhizomes of five Curcuma species from Central Java, namely C. aeruginosa, C. longa, C. mango, C. xanthorrhiza, and C. zedoaria. Alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins are present in all samples. UV-Vis spectrophotometry was used with the following results: the flavonoid total content ranged from 0.94-243.5 mg QE/g, while the total phenolic from 11.27-109.23 mg GAE/g. The DPPH and ABTS test for antioxidant activity showed that C. longa had the highest activity with an IC50 of 78.79 and 0.4273 ppm. The highest SPF values in C. longa were 31.55-36.97 (high protection). The results of the data analysis using the Spearman correlation test revealed a significant correlation between the antioxidant activity and SPF with the flavonoid and phenolic content of the Curcuma extracts.
Intensity attacks of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on several corn varieties in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: SUDIHARDJO DIDIK , SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI , SHOLAHUDDIN SHOLAHUDDIN , PUJIASMANTO BAMBANG , RAHAYU MUJI , SETYAWATI ANDRIYANA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Sudihardjo D, Samanhudi, Sholahuddin, Pujiasmanto B, Rahayu M, Setyawati A. 2023. Intensity attacks of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on several corn varieties in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6979-6987. The presence of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith, 1797 attack on corn is one of the main causes of the decrease in yield. Local, composite, and hybrid corn have different characteristics and will affect intensity attack and foliar damage due to S. frugiperda attack. This study aimed to determine the intensity of the attack of several types of local corn, composites, and hybrids against S. frugiperda. The research was conducted in the Kediri region, East Java, one of the corn cultivation centers. The study used a completely randomized block design with three replications of 18 varieties of various local, composites, and hybrid corn varieties. Local corn varieties consist of Madura Putih, Kebo Bima, Manik Liu, Lameran-Latim, Seraye-Bali, Madura kuning, and Sumbawa. Composite corn varieties include Bisma, Puput Uri, Srikandi Ungu, and Sukmaraga. Furthermore, the hybrid varieties comprise ADV Jago, Bisi 18, DK 77, NK 6172, P 27, Pertiwi 3, and R7. The results showed the infestation of S. frugiperda in all corn varieties peaked at age 42 DAP, with the intensity attack reaching 100%. The lowest intensity attack rate of S. frugiperda was obtained by the Sukmaraga composite variety and the NK6172 hybrid variety tends to be more resistant to S. frugiperda attacks than composite and local varieties. All corn-tested varieties were attached by S. frugiperda, which varied for the percentage of plant damage, severity level, and the time the pest attack first attacked. The clustering groups of each corn variety were based on the intensity attack of S. frugiperda, number of larvae, severity level and early infestation founded group resistant, which have less foliar damage due to S. frugiperda larvae attacks consisting of 5 varieties: Madura kuning, Madura Putih, Bisma, NK6172, and Srikandi Ungu.
Effect of basil (Ocimum sp.) essential oil addition in chitosan edible film on the quality of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) in cold storage
Authors: SETYANINGSIH RATNA , PANGASTUTI ARTINI , FARAHDILLA NABILAH
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Setyaningsih R, Pangastuti A, Farahdilla N. 2023. Effect of basil (Ocimum sp.) essential oil addition in chitosan edible film on the quality of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) in cold storage. Asian J Trop Biotechnol 21: 18-25. One of the marine fish favored by the community is the red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus Poey, 1860). However, the quality of fresh fish will rapidly deteriorate during the auctioning, sorting, and marketing processes. Basil essential oil contains antimicrobial compounds that may improve the efficacy of edible film in preserving fish quality. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using edible chitosan film with glycerol plasticizer and basil essential oil to increase the shelf life of red snapper and inhibit the growth of microorganisms. This study used two treatments consisting of basil essential oil (0%, 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5%), with sample testing on days 0, 3, and 6, and storing the samples at 4°C. The results showed that fish flesh's pH and water content revealed a statistically significant (P= 0.05) difference between treatments. However, Total Volatile Base (TVB) values for optimum treatment of 3% and 4.5% did not significantly differ. The Total Plate Count (TPC) showed that red snapper coated with an edible film treatment of 3% was the most optimal for inhibiting microbial growth. The panelists also preferred red snapper fillets with an edible film containing 3% basil essential oil because it increases the fillets' shelf life compared to other treatments.