bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who Benefits from Special District Service Delivery?: Water Affordability in the United States
Authors: Saywitz Robin Rose , Switzer David
Published: June 2023

Despite decades of controversy about the relationship between special districts and public policy, questions remain about the impact of government specialization on service delivery. In this paper, we explore one aspect of this debate, how special districts impact equity in the costs of service delivery, using water affordability as our empirical case. Two dominant views of special districts have emerged from the literature that are relevant to our empirical exploration. The first asserts that special districts are a form of “shadow government,” set up for the benefits of developers and other special interests and unaccountable to the general population. The second claims that special districts fit into a polycentric vision of local government, better representing the interests of residents due to their singular policy focus, and improving residents’ ability to pinpoint politicians responsible for specific services. Using an original dataset of all public water utility in the United States serving over 40,000 people and two measures of water affordability, we quantitatively test whether special districts have systematically less affordable water rates. We find some evidence that this is the case, additionally finding that the gap in affordability grows as community poverty levels increase.
Responsible Cannabis Sales: A Narrative Review Considering Interventions for Dispensary Staff to Address Cannabis Harms
Authors: Lange James E. , Moyers Susette A. , Croff Julie M.
Published: June 2023

An industry of cannabis sales outlets (often called dispensaries) has proliferated in response to state-sanctioned legalization. This paper focuses on the interaction of dispensary sales staff (budtenders) and consumers, which likely has a substantial impact on the consumer experience. To date, there has been little consideration on this aspect of dispensary sales environment, in which staff provide guidance regarding cannabis products. Training programs for alcohol sales are frequently mandated; in contrast, budtender trainings are not currently required or otherwise regulated by state agencies, and therefore, do not address consumer or community safety. This paper explores responsible cannabis sales training and practice. Differences between cannabis and alcohol sales environments, including product diversity, consumer education and motivations, and market maturity are described.

Dispensary staff training, along with management policies may improve the quality of product education, and therefore, improve the safety to consumers and communities.
magen Urbana En Las Grandes Ciudades
Authors: Martínez Zuñiga Juan Manuel
Published: June 2023

magen Urbana En Las Grandes Ciudades
Módulo de capacitación sobre tribus juveniles urbanas
Authors: Espinoza Verónica
Published: June 2023

Módulo de capacitación sobre tribus juveniles urbanas
THE KET LANGUAGE: MODERN SOCIOLINGUISTIC STATUS AND THE REASONS THAT LED TO IT (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF FIELD RESEARCH)
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Koziorova Julia I.
Published: June 2023

The article presents the current state of the Ket language among the Ket population of the settlements of the Krasnoyarsk Region, describes the sociolinguistic situation of the Ket community, demonstrates the linguistic trends that arise in the Ket case system in the context of language shift. Based on the material of the field study, it is proved that the Ket language community has moved to the next stage of the language shift, which is now manifested not only sociolinguistically, but also at the linguistic level.
UNIVERSAL QUANTIFIERS IN OSSETIC: CMP-QUANTIFICATION (ON THE MATERIAL OF THE NEW TESTAMENT TRANSLATION)
Authors:   Vinogradov Russian Language Institute, RAS, Khomchenkova Irina A. ,   Institute of linguistics, RAS,   Scientific and Educational School of Lomonosov MSU “Preservation of the World Cultural and Historical Heritage”
Published: June 2023

The paper describes the items, which used in the contexts of CMP-quantification (universal quantification of objects, expressed with singular noun forms) in the Ossetic translation of the New Testament, namely æppæt, iwwyldær ‘all’, ægas, ӕnӕхʼӕn ‘whole’, kʼахӕj-kʼuхmӕ ‘from head to toe’, ӕххӕstӕj ‘completely’. The specialized CMP-marker is ægas (29 contexts), while æppæt and iwwyldær can be also used outside the CMP-quantification contexts. The marker ægas is less common with animate than inanimate objects, and is not used with uncountable objects. The most frequent is æppæt (85 contexts), it is evenly distributed across different groups of contexts; the items ӕnӕхʼӕn, kʼахӕj-kʼuхmӕ and ӕххӕstӕj are rarely used (8 contexts in total), as well as iwwyldær (9 contexts).
Enabling Efficient Personally Identifiable Information Detection with Automatic Consent Discovery
Authors: Fugkeaw Somchart , Sanchol Pattavee
Published: June 2023

Personal data leakage prevention has now become a critical issue for implementing data management and sharing in many industries. Several data privacy regulations such as General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA), California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), and Thailand's Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA) have been issued to enforce organizations to collect, process, and transfer personally identifiable information (PII) securely. In this paper, we propose a design and development of PII RapidDiscover, an efficient Thai and English PII discovery system featured with automatic consent discovery. At the core of our proposed system, we introduce the PII scanning algorithm based on the Presidio library and a natural language processing (NLP) technique to improve the scan result of PII written in Thai and English. Finally, we conducted the experiments to demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed system.
Pembangunan Prototype Aplikasi Mobile Android Untuk Mendukung Sistem Penjualan Dan Promosi UMKM Jihaz Toys Desa Sayati Kabupaten Bandung Jawa Barat
Authors: Roro Santi  , Rahmanesa Abdur
Published: June 2023

Semakin meningkatnya penggunaan perangkat smartphone untuk berbagai aktivitas, terutama pada saat kondisi seluruh dunia mengalami Pandemik COVID-19. Anjuran pemerintah yang merujuk pada anjuran WHO dalam menghadapi kondisi sekarang untuk melakukan pembatasan aktivitas sosial, sangat berdampak pada berbagai aspek kehidupan terutama permasalahan ekonomi. Kondisi ini menyebabkan akses komunikasi melalui internet terutama melalui smartphone semakin meningkat, karena hal ini menjadi solusi termudah untuk tetap berkomunikasi dan melakukan  aktivitas sosial. Kemudahan menggunakan perangkat smartphone menjadi bagian dari gaya hidup, selain sebagai komunikasi sosial smartphone juga digunakan untuk komunikasi penunjang ekonomi. Melalui penelitian ini penulis tertarik untuk mencari solusi melalui kemudahan memanfaatkan perangkat dan aplikasi mobile untuk digunakan dalam beraktivitas mendukung sistem penjualan dan promosi UMKM. Penulis mengunakan beberapa aplikasi mobile android sosial media dan marketplace yang sudah ada dalam Play Store untuk digunakan pada sistem penjualan dan promosi, serta menambahkan aplikasi (prototype) mobile android sebagai tambahan dan pendukung untuk menangani beberapa aktivitas yang tidak dapat ditangani oleh beberapa aplikasi yang sudah ada tersebut. Harapannya adalah dengan penerapan aplikasi ini dapat memudahkan aktivitas penjualan dan promosi UMKM sehingga tidak ada keraguan untuk melakukan digitalisasi pada usahanya.
Pengaruh Media Sosial Instagram Terhadap Gaya Hidup dan Etika Remaja
Authors: Agianto Rifqi , Setiawati Anggi , Firmansyah Ricky
Published: June 2023

Media sosial instagram merupakan sebuah media komunikasi yang memiliki banyak penggunanya yang didominasi oleh para remaja. Saat ini instagram sudah menjadi salah satu faktor perubahan gaya hidup dan etika remaja. Perubahan gaya hidup dan etika ini tidak selamanya positif karena bagi sebagian pengguna ada yang terpengaruh ke arah negatif. Perubahan ini terjadi tergantung bagaimana cara pakai masing-masing individu dalam menggunakan instagram. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebesar apa pengaruh penggunaan instagram dikalangan remaja terhadap gaya hidup dan etika. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis pendekatan kualitatif metode deskriptif dengan melakukan penyebaran kuesioner untuk memperoleh data yang akurat. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah remaja yang aktif menggunakan instagram dengan usia 12-21 tahun. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengguna instagram dikalangan remaja memiliki pengaruh terhadap gaya hidup dan etikanya. Perubahan ini ada yang membawa ke arah yang lebih baik dan ada juga yang membawa ke arah yang buruk. Perubahan tersebut terjadi karena adanya dorongan dari diri sendiri untuk melakukan suatu hal akibat dari melihat suatu postingan di instagram.
Optimasi Media Sosial Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan di Masa Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar
Authors: Rachmawaty Asye
Published: June 2023

Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar dan Mikro pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 sudah berlangsung hampir setahun sejak peraturannya diberlakukan oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. Sejumlah perusahaan bahkan terpaksa hanya mengaktifkan sekitar 50% karyawan dalam setiap harinya, sementara lainnya Work From Home. Bahkan dunia Pendidikan memberlakukan sistem Daring (Dalam Jaringan) atau School From Home. Dalam sekejap, bukan hanya perusahaan besar, namun banyak usaha kecil menengah mengalami penurunan penjualan secara drastis efek PSBB ini. Masyarakat belajar memahami situasi, melakukan banyak aktifitas dari rumah, dan beradaptasi dengan berbelanja secara online. Peran media sosial sebagai salah satu alat yang digunakan dalam bidang pemasaran digital menjadi media penting dalam meningkatkan penjualan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pera pelaku usaha mengoptimasi media sosial sebagai media pemasaran dalam meningkatkan penjualannya. Metode penelitian ini dipaparkan secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan Teknik pengumpulan data observasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini, para pelaku usaha melakukan optimasi media sosial dalam meningkatkan penjualan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa para pelaku usaha mampu beradaptasi dengan cepat, salah satunya dengan mengoptimasi media sosial yang dilengkapi dengan fitur-fitur bisnis, sehingga memudahkan masyarakat (konsumen) mendapatkan informasi dan bertransaksi.
Absorption-line Observations of
H3+
and CO in Sight Lines Toward the Vela and W28 Supernova Remnants
Authors: Indriolo Nick
Published: June 2023

Supernova remnants act as particle accelerators, providing the cosmic-ray protons that permeate the interstellar medium and initiate the ion–molecule reactions that drive interstellar chemistry. Enhanced fluxes of cosmic-ray protons in close proximity to supernova remnants have been inferred from observations tracing particle interactions with nearby molecular gas. Here I present observations of

H

3

+

and CO absorption, molecules that serve as tracers of the cosmic-ray ionization rate and gas density, respectively, in sight lines toward the W28 and Vela supernova remnants. Cosmic-ray ionization rates inferred from these observations range from about 2 to 10 times the average value in Galactic diffuse clouds (∼3 × 10−16 s−1), suggesting that the gas being probed is experiencing an elevated particle flux. While it is difficult to constrain the line-of-sight locations of the absorbing gas with respect to the supernova remnants, these results are consistent with a scenario where cosmic rays are diffusing away from the acceleration site and producing enhanced ionization rates in the surrounding medium.
Removal of Active Region Inflows Reveals a Weak Solar Cycle Scale Trend in the Near-surface Meridional Flow
Authors: Mahajan Sushant S. , Sun 孙 Xudong 旭东 , Zhao 赵 Junwei 俊伟
Published: June 2023

Using time–distance local helioseismology flow maps within 1 Mm of the solar photosphere, we detect inflows toward activity belts that contribute to solar-cycle scale variations in the near-surface meridional flow. These inflows stretch out as far as 30° away from the active region centroids. If active region neighborhoods are excluded, the solar-cycle-scale variation in the background meridional flow diminishes to below 2 m s−1, but still shows systematic variations in the absence of active regions between sunspot cycles 24 and 25. We therefore propose that the near-surface meridional flow is a three-component flow made up of a constant baseline flow profile that can be derived from quiet-Sun regions, variations due to inflows around active regions, and solar-cycle-scale variation of about 2 m s−1. Torsional oscillation, on the other hand, is found to be a global phenomenon, i.e., exclusion of active region neighborhoods does not significantly affect its magnitude or phase. This nonvariation in torsional oscillation with distance away from active regions and the three-component breakdown of the near-surface meridional flow serve as vital constraints for solar dynamo models and surface flux-transport simulations.
Interpretation of Flat Energy Spectra Upstream of Fast Interplanetary Shocks
Authors: Perri Silvia , Prete Giuseppe , Zimbardo Gaetano , Trotta Domenico , Wilson III Lynn B. , Lario David , Servidio Sergio , Valentini Francesco , Giacalone Joe
Published: June 2023

Interplanetary shocks are large-scale heliospheric structures often caused by eruptive phenomena at the Sun, and represent one of the main sources of energetic particles. Several interplanetary (IP) shock crossings by spacecraft at 1 au have revealed enhanced energetic-ion fluxes that extend far upstream of the shock. Surprisingly, in some shock events ion fluxes with energies between 100 keV and about 2 MeV acquire similar values (which we refer to as “overlapped” fluxes), corresponding to flat energy spectra in that range. In contrast, closer to the shock the fluxes are observed to depend on energy. In this work, we analyze three IP-shock-related energetic particle events observed by the Advanced Composition Explorer spacecraft where flat ion energy spectra were observed upstream of the shock. We interpret these observations via a velocity-filter mechanism for particles in a given energy range. In particular, ions with velocity parallel to the local magnetic field larger than the speed of the upstream plasma, in the reference frame of the shock, can easily propagate back upstream, while lower-energy ions tend to be confined to the shock front, thus reducing their fluxes far upstream and giving rise to flat energy spectra. The velocity-filter mechanism has been corroborated from observations of particle flux anisotropy by the Solid-State Telescope of Wind/3DP.
ALMA Observation of a z ≳ 10 Galaxy Candidate Discovered with JWST
Authors: Yoon Ilsang , Carilli C. L. , Fujimoto Seiji , Castellano Marco , Merlin Emiliano , Santini Paola , Yun Min S. , Murphy Eric J. , Jung Intae , Casey Caitlin M. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Papovich Casey , Fontana Adriano , Treu Tommaso , Letai Jonathan
Published: June 2023

We report the observation by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) of a z ≳ 10 galaxy candidate (GHZ1) discovered from the GLASS–JWST Early Release Science Program. Our ALMA program aims to detect the [O iii] emission line at the rest-frame frequency 3393.0062 GHz (88.36 μm) and far-IR continuum emission with the spectral window setup seamlessly covering a 26.125 GHz frequency range (10.10 < z < 11.14). A total of 7 hr of on-source integration was employed, using four frequency settings to cover the full range (1.7 hr per setting), with 0.″7 angular resolution. No line or continuum is clearly detected, with 5σ upper limits on the line emission of 0.93 mJy beam−1 at 25 km s−1 channel−1 and on the continuum emission of 30 μJy beam−1. We report marginal spectral (at 225 km s−1 resolution) and continuum features (4.1σ and 2.6σ peak signal-to-noise ratio, respectively), within 0.″17 from the JWST position of GHZ1. This spectral feature implies z = 10.38 and needs to be verified with further observations. Assuming that the best estimate of photometric redshift (

z
=

10.60

−
0.60

+
0.52

) is correct, the model of the galaxy’s broadband spectral energy distribution for the 3σ upper limit of the continuum flux from GHZ1 suggests that GHZ1 has a small amount of dust (M

d
≲ 104
M
⊙) at a high temperature (T

d
≳ 90 K). The 5σ upper limit on the [O iii]88μm line luminosity and the inferred star formation rate of GHZ1 are consistent with the properties of low-metallicity dwarf galaxies. We also report serendipitous clear detections of six continuum sources at the locations of the JWST galaxy counterparts in the field.
Digging into the Interior of Hot Cores with the ALMA (DIHCA). III. The Chemical Link between NH2CHO, HNCO, and H2CO
Authors: Taniguchi Kotomi , Sanhueza Patricio , Olguin Fernando A. , Gorai Prasanta , Das Ankan , Nakamura Fumitaka , Saito Masao , Zhang Qizhou , Lu Xing , Li Shanghuo , Chen Huei-Ru Vivien
Published: June 2023

We have analyzed the NH2CHO, HNCO, H2CO, and CH3CN (13CH3CN) molecular lines at an angular resolution of ∼0.″3 obtained by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 6 toward 30 high-mass star-forming regions. The NH2CHO emission has been detected in 23 regions, while the other species have been detected toward 29 regions. A total of 44 hot molecular cores (HMCs) have been identified using the moment 0 maps of the CH3CN line. The fractional abundances of the four species have been derived at each HMC. In order to investigate pure chemical relationships, we have conducted a partial correlation test to exclude the effect of temperature. Strong positive correlations between NH2CHO and HNCO (ρ = 0.89) and between NH2CHO and H2CO (0.84) have been found. These strong correlations indicate their direct chemical links; dual-cyclic hydrogen addition and abstraction reactions between HNCO and NH2CHO and gas-phase formation of NH2CHO from H2CO. Chemical models including these reactions can reproduce the observed abundances in our target sources.
Shaken or Stirred: The Diffuse Interstellar Medium with Exceptionally High SiO Abundance
Authors: Rybarczyk Daniel R. , Stanimirović Snežana , Gusdorf Antoine
Published: June 2023

Interstellar shocks, a key element of stellar feedback processes, shape the structure of the interstellar medium (ISM) and are essential for the chemistry, thermodynamics, and kinematics of interstellar gas. Powerful, high-velocity shocks are driven by stellar winds, young supernova explosions, more evolved supernova remnants, cloud–cloud collisions, and protostellar outflows, whereas the existence and origin of much-lower-velocity shocks (≲10 km s−1) are not understood. Direct observational evidence for interstellar shocks in diffuse and translucent ISM environments has been especially lacking. We present the most sensitive survey to date of SiO—often considered an unambiguous tracer of interstellar shocks—in absorption, obtained with the Northern Extended Millimeter Array interferometer. We detect SiO in five of eight directions probing diffuse and translucent environments without ongoing star formation. Our results demonstrate that SiO formation in the diffuse ISM (i.e., in the absence of significant star formation and stellar feedback) is more widespread and effective than previously reported. The observed SiO line widths are all ≲4 km s−1, excluding high-velocity shocks as a formation mechanism. Yet, the SiO abundances we detect are mostly 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than those typically assumed in quiescent environments and are often accompanied by other molecular transitions whose column densities cannot be explained with UV-dominated chemical models. Our results challenge the traditional view of SiO production via stellar feedback sources and emphasize the need for observational constraints on the distribution of Si in the gas phase and grain mantles, which are crucial for understanding the physics of grain processing and the diffuse interstellar chemistry.
Measuring the Orbit Drift of Near-Earth Asteroids by the Yarkovsky Effect
Authors: Liu Xin , Hou Xi-Yun , Yang Zhi-Tao , Gan Qing-Bo , Zhang Yao
Published: June 2023

The Yarkovsky effect causes the semimajor axis drift of near-Earth asteroids. The drift can be detected by a precise orbit determination process. Using the proposed algorithm, 2233 out of 27,078 near-Earth asteroids are chosen as the initial candidates. Out of these initial candidates, 769 have a measurable Yarkovsky effect with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) larger than 1, and 166 have a measurable Yarkovsky effect with an S/N larger than 3. The ratio between retrograde and prograde near-Earth asteroids is plotted with respect to their size. An average ratio of 2 is found for asteroids with an absolute magnitude between 14 and 21. The measurement work is carried out based on orbit determination software developed by the authors that considers a high-precision dynamical model.
Secular Spin–Orbit Resonances of Black Hole Binaries in AGN Disks
Authors: Li Gongjie , Bhaskar Hareesh Gautham , Kocsis Bence , Lin Douglas N. C.
Published: June 2023

The spin–orbit misalignment of stellar-mass black hole (sBH) binaries provides important constraints on the formation channels of merging sBHs. Here, we study the role of secular spin–orbit resonance in the evolution of an sBH binary component around a supermassive BH (SMBH) in an AGN disk. We consider the sBH’s spin precession due to the J
2 moment introduced by a circum-sBH disk within the warping/breaking radius of the disk. We find that the sBH’s spin–orbit misalignment (obliquity) can be excited via spin–orbit resonance between the sBH binary’s orbital nodal precession and the sBH spin precession driven by a massive circum-sBH disk. Using an α-disk model with Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton accretion, the resonances typically occur for sBH binaries with semimajor axis of 1 au and at a distance of ∼1000 au around a 107 
M
⊙ SMBH. The spin–orbit resonances can lead to high sBH obliquities and a broad distribution of sBH binary spin–spin misalignments. However, we note that the Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton accretion is much higher than that of Eddington accretion, which typically results in spin precession being too low to trigger spin–orbit resonances. Thus, secular spin–orbit resonances can be quite rare for sBHs in AGN disks.
Electron Dynamics in Strong Turbulence within the Diffusion Region during Magnetopause Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Li Zhi , Pan Xu
Published: June 2023

Magnetic reconnection has been proposed to play an important role in energy dissipation in space plasma. The diffusion region is an essential place for generation of energetic electrons. However, the mechanism responsible for the generation of these energetic electrons in such a confined region remains elusive. Here a diffusion region of asymmetric reconnection is observed at the turbulent magnetopause. The diffusion region is a rather structured region where two dynamical filamentary currents at subion scale were observed. Intense electron flow and nonideal electric field inside the filamentary currents induced significant energy dissipation. Concurrently, the electron parallel temperature between the current layers increases from 58 to 80 eV. Direct evidence indicates that the electrons inside the three-dimensional diffusion region are accelerated by the parallel electric fields inside the current layers and are effectively heated by the turbulence between them.
Larmor Electric Field in Symmetric Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Yi Yongyuan , Zhou Meng , Song Liangjin , Zhong Zhihong , Pang Ye , Deng Xiaohua
Published: June 2023

The Larmor electric field (LEF) was previously suggested as a signature to identify the diffusion region in asymmetry reconnection. Using 2.5D particle-in-cell simulations, we show that the LEF also exists in symmetric reconnection, manifested as a transient structure upstream of the Hall electric field. The LEF emerges during the rapid growth phase of the reconnection rate and has opposite polarity to the Hall field. The half-width of the current sheet spontaneously decreases to the electron scale as the evolution of reconnection, which gives rise to the LEF. The current sheet later thickens to maintain the fast reconnection rate, which causes the disappearance of the LEF. We further find that the magnitude of LEF is sensitive to the initial half-width current sheet, the background plasma temperature and density, the guide-field strength, and the ion–electron mass ratio. Our results provide new insight into the dynamics around the diffusion region. The LEF can help satellites not only locate the diffusion region but also identify the onset phase of reconnection in the magnetotail.
Terrestrial Effects of Nearby Supernovae: Updated Modeling
Authors: Thomas Brian C. , Yelland Alexander M.
Published: June 2023

We have reevaluated recent studies of the effects on Earth by cosmic rays (CRs) from nearby supernovae (SNe) at 100 and 50 pc, in the diffusive transport CR case, here including an early-time suppression at lower CR energies neglected in the previous works. Inclusion of this suppression leads to lower overall CR fluxes at early times, lower atmospheric ionization, smaller resulting ozone depletion, and lower sea-level muon radiation doses. Differences in the atmospheric impacts are most pronounced for the 100 pc case with less significant differences in the 50 pc case. We find a greater discrepancy in the modeled sea-level muon radiation dose, with significantly smaller dose values in the 50 pc case; our results indicate it is unlikely that muon radiation is a significant threat to the biosphere for SNe beyond 20 pc, for the diffusive transport case. We have also performed new modeling of the effects of SN CRs at 20 and 10 pc. Overall, our results indicate that, considering only the effects of CRs, the “lethal” SN distance should be closer to 20 pc rather than the typically quoted 8–10 pc. Recent work on extended SN X-ray emission indicates significant effects out to 50 pc and therefore the case is now strong for increasing the standard SN lethal distance to at least 20 pc. This has implications for studies of the history of life on Earth as well as considerations of habitability in the Galaxy.
Negative and positive impacts of alien macrofungi: a global scale database
Authors: Monteiro Miguel , Capinha César , Ferreira Maria Teresa , Nuñez Martin A. , Reino Luís
Published: June 2023

Advances in ecological research during the last decades have led to an improved understanding of the impacts of alien species. Despite that, the effects of alien macrofungi have often received little attention and are still poorly understood. With the aim of reducing this knowledge gap, we compiled a database of the recorded socio-economic and environmental impacts of alien macrofungi. This database was compiled from all relevant sources we could identify, through an exhaustive literature review, considering the identity of known alien taxa and explicit indications of impacts of any kind. In total, 1440 records of both negative and positive impacts were collected for 374 distinct species in different regions of all continents, except Antarctica. The most frequently recorded impacts are related to the mutualistic interactions that these fungi can form with their host plants. In total 47.8% of all records refer to the indirect negative effect of these interactions, by facilitating the colonization of invasive plants, while 38.5% refer to their positive contribution to the growth of forestry species. Less frequently recorded negative impacts included ectomycorrhizal interactions with native plants, plant pathogenicity and human poisoning after ingestion. Additional positive impacts include the use as a food source by native species and human populations and commercial exploitation. Alien macrofungi are an increasingly prevalent component of human-dominated ecosystems, having a diverse array of negative and positive impacts on native biota and human population. Our database provided a first step towards the quantification and mapping of these impacts.
Quelle solidarité face à la souffrance ?
Authors: Rochas Bruno
Published: June 2023

Les angoisses face à ma souffrance sont distinctes de mon désarroi face à ta souffrance, celle d’un proche, ainsi que du questionnement plus général de la souffrance de l’autre, plus éloigné de moi. Dans le débat sociétal, ces dimensions s’entremêlent et s’entrechoquent au gré de la singularité des histoires, des représentations et des convictions de chacun, souvent avec passion, au risque d’une confusion réductrice pour la réflexion.
Camus et la révolte devant la souffrance humaine
Authors: Spiquel Agnès
Published: June 2023

Dans le cycle de l’absurde, le fait qu’il faille mourir est un point fondamental ; mais aussi la maladie et la vieillesse, la privation et la séparation, la lutte au coeur de contraintes aussi lourdes que le rocher de Sisyphe. Dans le cycle de la révolte, il s’agit de soigner la maladie, comme paradigme de la lutte contre tout ce qui augmente la souffrance humaine. Écrire en est un moyen, si l’oeuvre témoigne à la fois de la révolte et de l’empathie face à cette souffrance.
Souffrance, lien et solidarité
Authors: Vergely Bertrand
Published: June 2023

Quand on est confronté à la souffrance et à la mort, la seule réponse c’est la vie. Un jour je faisais rire quelqu’un en disant : « Le mal est un problème pour vous, eh bien faites du bien et arrêtez de trouver des justifications au mal. » Faire du bien c’est la meilleure des réponses à la mort. Être philosophe ce n’est pas donner des raisons de mourir, c’est donner des raisons de vivre. Ce n’est pas donner des raisons de se suicider mais des raisons de ne pas se suicider.
Psychiatric Manifestations of Modern Scurvy: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Jaini Paresh Atu , Alexander Jamie , Elchehabi Sara , Briggs Jeffrey , DeMoss Dustin , Hurd Cheryl , Rush A. John
Published: June 2023

Scurvy is often considered to be a historical disease that once affected sailors, and so its modern-day prevalence is underestimated. Scurvy can present in various ways, such as with mucocutaneous and/or hematological symptoms in classic scurvy or with isolated psychiatric symptoms in neuropsychiatric scurvy. We describe two patient presentations of scurvy with borderline-low vitamin C levels and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Patient 1 presented with an exacerbation of major depressive symptoms and classic physical symptoms of scurvy, while Patient 2 presented with new-onset psychotic symptoms and no physical symptoms. Both patients had significant improvement of symptoms with vitamin C supplementation. We also conducted a literature search of MED-LINE via PubMed, identifying 16 cases of patients who met criteria for a scurvy diagnosis and presented with psychiatric symptoms that responded to vitamin C supplementation. The cases and literature review revealed that patients with scurvy can have variable psychiatric symptoms with or without the presence of mucocutaneous signs. Therefore, to optimize detection of suspected cases, diagnostic guidelines for scurvy should include psychiatric symptoms in addition to classic signs. Patients with acute psychiatric symptoms and a history of malnutrition should be screened for hypovitaminosis C. An empirical trial of vitamin C supplementation may also be of value in some cases when borderline-low vitamin C levels are found in suspected neuropsychiatric scurvy.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2023;53(6):282–288.]
Complete convergence and complete moment convergence for maximal weighted sums of extended negatively dependent random variables under sub-linear expectations
Authors: Xu Mingzhou
Published: June 2023

In this article, we study the complete convergence and complete moment convergence for maximal weighted sums of extended negatively dependent random variables under sub-linear expectations. We also give some sufficient assumptions for the convergence. Moreover, we get the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund type strong law of large numbers for weighted sums of extended negatively dependent random variables. The results obtained in this paper generalize the relevant ones in probability space.
Infimum of the spectrum of Laplace-Beltrami operator on Cartan classical domains of type Ⅲ and Ⅳ
Authors: Long Sujuan , Zhang Qiqi , Lin Guijuan , Shen Conghui
Published: June 2023

Let $ R_{{\cal A}} $ be the Cartan classical domains of type Ⅲ and Ⅳ, and $ \Delta_g $ is assumed to be the Laplace-Beltrami operator associated to the Bergman metric $ g $ on $ R_{{\cal A}} $. In this paper, we derive an estimate for $ \lambda_1(\Delta_g) $, which is the bottom of the spectrum of $ \Delta_g $ on $ R_{{\cal A}} $.
Chronic kidney disease report differently on change in sexual function dependent on treatment: a cohort study
Authors: Fryckstedt Jessica , Norrbck Mattias , Kaviani Charlotte , Hylander Britta
Published: June 2023

Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) report sexual dysfunction to a large extent. The objective of this study was to investigate if CKD-stage and mode of treatment correlate to self-reported experience in sexual function before and after onset of symptomatic CKD in patients without active treatment, after transplantation or on dialysis. Participants (N = 234) answered a questionnaire on frequency of sexual desire, initiative, intercourse, erection (men) /vaginal lubrication (women), and orgasm, currently and compared with before onset of symptomatic CKD. Clinical data were taken from medical charts. Within-group differences in sexual function were compared for patients without active treatment (PreT), patients with a renal transplant (Tx) and patients on dialysis treatment (D). In a subgroup analysis, five patient groups were created based on mode of treatment and CKD stage. Between-group differences in sexual function were analyzed as differences in mean composite scores and 95% CI and were estimated using ordinary least square regression with robust standard errors. In the first analysis of the study, all CKD patients reported a decrease in the frequency of sexual desire, initiative, intercourse, erection (men)/vaginal lubrication (women), and orgasm (Bonferroni p < 0.001) compared to before disease onset, irrespective of treatment mode. In the subgroup analysis, when adjusting for sex and age, dialysis patients reported a statistically significant decrease in their average score of sexual function (2.65; 95% CI: 4.19 to 1.11; p = 0.001) compared to patients without active treatment CKD 23 (the reference group). The self-reported experience of CKD-patients of a deteriorating sexual function over time correlates to treatment modality and CKD stage. It is important for health-care personnel to be aware of the patients' experience of a deterioration in sexual function over time regardless of treatment modalities.
L2 rhythm acquisition and rhythmic transfer in Galician learners of English: A pilot study
Authors: Rodríguez-Vázquez Rosalía , Roseano Paolo
Published: June 2023

Languages have been classified with regard to their rhythm into stress-timed, syllable-timed and mora-timed languages. The aim of this pilot study is to verify the existence of rhythmic transfer from a syllable-timed language, Galician (L1), to the English spoken by Galician learners (L2), as well as to determine whether the proficiency level in the L2 may have an effect on the degree of rhythmic transfer observed. Two groups of six Galician learners of English and two groups of six native speakers of Galician and Southern British English were recorded and analyzed. Rhythm metrics (ΔC, %V, ΔV, CrPVI, and VnPVI) were calculated for all four groups so as to have objective measures to compare the rhythm of the source language (Galician), the rhythm of the target language (English), and the rhythm of the learner language at different proficiency levels. The data show that there is rhythmic transfer between Galician and English L2, and that the degree of transfer decreases as the proficiency level in the L2 increases.
L’idée de temps dans l’argument lucrétien contre la crainte de la mort (De rerum natura, III, 830‑1094)
Authors: PERALTA Alexandra
Published: June 2023

Le thème du temps chez les épicuriens a été étudié traditionnellement d’un point de vue physique lorsque l’on s’intéresse à la nature du temps, et d’un point de vue canonique lorsque l’on se focalise sur le problème de la prénotion du temps. Dans ces deux cas, le défi est important car il n’est pas chose aisée de comprendre le statut du temps d’après une doctrine qui donne la prééminence ontologique à l’espace et à la matière. Le présent article se propose de reformuler le problème du temps chez les épicuriens, et plus exactement chez Lucrèce. Nous proposons d’étudier la notion du temps développé dans le passage III, 830-1094 du poème De rerum natura, qui vise à éliminer la crainte de la mort. Ce faisant, nous trouvons la confirmation d’une lecture non présentiste du temps qui consiste à dire que le passé, le présent et le futur existent en tant qu’accidents des corps. D’un point de vue éthique, le présent est le temps privilégié. En outre, notre analyse nous amène également à identifier une différence d’approche entre Épicure et Lucrèce en ce qui concerne l’attitude à adopter vis-à-vis du futur.
Editorial
Authors: Franzato Carlo , Jacques Edu
Published: June 2023

This editorial introduces the second issue of the 2022 year, featuring nine peer-reviewed papers with diverse themes including web design, scientific publishing, and empathetic competency in design. The current edition includes a balanced mix of qualitative and quantitative-qualitative research. Notably, several papers explore participatory design and its strategic value for organizations. Other emerging topics covered in this issue include local communities, workers’ conditions, design management, and the attitude of designers.
Participatory flows
Authors: Bosco Alessandra , Gasparotto Silvia , Lengua Margo
Published: June 2023

This paper intends to explore co-design processes in the field of cultural heritage, based on an examination of the scientific literature and a comparative analysis of case studies. These cases, which involve different interlocutors, contexts of application, tools and output, are expressed not only in a discursive manner, but also represented in diagrams and visual syntheses of the co-design processes. The analysis was conducted on the basis of shared parameters: project description, year, partners, goals, context, co-design process, stakeholders and output. Starting with a consideration of the key concepts that emerged in the processes under investigation, the paper moves on to present the “MEET – Multifaceted Experiences for Enhancing Territories” project, which relies on the tools of design to enhance elements of the local culture and involve the community. It concludes by identifying good practices and the potential of co-design processes applied to the field of cultural heritage.
A New Algorithm to Determine the Density of a Balanced Neutrosophic Graph and Its Application to Enhance Education Quality
Authors: S. Sivasankar , Broumi Said
Published: June 2023

The education system of a country to its citizens determines its success. The primary goal of providing education is to mold a person's entire personality and shape his career. Everyone, regardless of caste, creed, religion, gender, or any other factor, must have access to their choice's high-quality and indiscriminate education. At present, poverty, gender discrimination, regional imbalance, family background, and other unknown factors contribute to education inequality. In particular, the regional imbalance concerning academic opportunities and infrastructure plays a vital role. When there is uncertainty, balanced fuzzy graphs can resolve it. Furthermore, if indeterminacy exists, it can be efficiently dealt with by employing balanced neutrosophic graphs. A new algorithm for determining the density of a neutrosophic graph and establishing equilibrium in a neutrosophic graph is proposed in this study. A balanced neutrosophic graph structure is also modelled to demonstrate the proposed algorithm in the field of education to provide quality education with the selected parameters.
Dombi Operators Based on Pentapartitioned Neutrosophic Pythagorean Sets for Online Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Radha R. , Prema R. , Mary A Stanis Arul
Published: June 2023

In this chapter the authors have introduced the concept of score and accuracy function of the pentapartitioned neutrosophic pythagorean numbers (PNPN) and also defined ranking methods between two PNPNs which is based on its score function. Dombi operators are used in solving many multicriteria attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems because of its very good flexibility with a general parameter. Here, Dombi T-norm and T-conorm operations of two PNPNs are defined. Based on this Dombi operations, the authors introduced two Dombi weighted aggregation operators PNPDWAA and PNPDWGA under pentapartitioned neutrosophic pythagorean environment and also studied its properties. Finally, the authors discussed about multicriteria attribute decision making method (MADM) using PNPDWAA or PNPDWGA operator and also an illustrative example is given for the proposed method which gives a detailed results to select the best alternative based upon the ranking orders.
Neutrosophic Cognitive Impact Study on Role Transformation of Teachers to Facilitators
Authors: Martin Nivetha , Broumi Said
Published: June 2023

The field of education is witnessing paradigm changes, especially with reference to characterization of teachers and their roles. The inception of digital learning portals has widened the information sources of the learners and masked the belief of teachers as the only pool of knowledge. The mutating pedagogies have defined teacher as a facilitator in a learning environment. This chapter investigates on the impacts caused by the transformation of a teacher's role to a facilitator in the intra- and inter- personal dimensions of teachers and also on the classroom environment. This research work also investigates the consequences of teachers adapting to new roles and the immediate impacts on the learners of various kinds. A mathematical model is formulated using neutrosophic cognitive maps to profoundly explore the impacts of role transformation. The consequential impacts analysed using neutrosophic representations are more promising in comparison with other kinds of demonstrations.
Video Teleconference Administration of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status: An Experience in Indian Subjects with Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Saini Garima , Malhotra Simran , Rajan Roopa , Vishnu Venugopalan Y. , Mani Kalaivani , Bhatia Rohit , Bhushan Mamta , Srivastava M. V. Padma , Gupta Anu
Published: June 2023

Objective:

To determine the feasibility, reliability, and acceptability of video teleconference (VTC)-based neuropsychological assessment using Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination-III (ACE-III).

Methods:

This study was performed from January 2022 to April 2022, during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India. We administered ACE-III using video-teleconferencing and compared the scores to face-to-face (FTF) testing for the eligible participants. We also conducted a participant’s satisfaction survey of VTC-administered ACE-III compared to FTF-administered ACE-III, using a 7-point Likert scale.

Results:

We screened 37 participants and 24 (64.9%) successfully underwent ACE-III testing through VTC. We included 20 patients (mean age: 62.7 ± 10 years, mean education: 12.0 ± 4.6 years, 85% men) for final analysis, (who completed both VTC and FTF-administered ACE-III). Nine patients had major neurocognitive disorder (dementia), eight had mild neurocognitive disorder (MCI), and three had subjective cognitive decline (SCD). The two tests were administered at a median gap of 36 (18,74.5) days. The Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of ACE-3 total scores (0.97) and the subdomain scores was high (>0.8). There was “very low” to “no” bias on the Bland–Altman plots, across all domains. The mean overall satisfaction score was 4.1, indicating that VTC is “as good as” FTF.

Conclusions:

Results support the feasibility and acceptability of remote administration of ACE-III via VTC. There is a good agreement between the ACE-III scores across VTC and in-person conditions.
Colostomy for Fournier's Gangrene with Rectum Exposure
Authors: Fujioka Masaki , Fukui Kiyoko , Yoshino Kentaro , Idemitsu Marie
Published: June 2023

Fournier's gangrene (FG) can be treated with prompt surgical debridement. Stoma revision has also been performed to prevent fecal contamination. However, recent advances in stool and wound management have reduced the need for colostomy. We report four cases of severe FG with an exposed rectum and discuss the conditions under which colostomy is indispensable. All four peoples developed FG, and an emergency debridement was performed, resulting in exposure of the rectum. Two peoples with perirectal infectious inflammation extending to the anterior rectum underwent colostomy because the inflammation had reached the retroperitoneum, but the other two, where the inflammation was confined to the dorsal-lateral rectum, were treated successfully without colostomy. We believe that colostomy can be avoided by using suitable wound management devices, except in severe cases where soft tissue infection and necrosis extend to the peritoneum and retroperitoneum and there is concern about rectal ischemia.

Number of similar cases published:

0.
Comparative Study of the Accuracy of At-Point Clinical Frailty Scale and Morse Fall Scale in Identifying High-Risk Fall Patients among Hospitalized Adults
Authors: Ji Sunghwan , Jung Hee-Won , Kim Jeounghee , Kwon Younghye , Seo Yeonmi , Choi Semin , Oh Hyoun Jin , Baek Ji Yeon , Jang Il-Young , Lee Eunju ,   for the Asan Multidisciplinary Committee for Seniors (AMCS)
Published: June 2023

Background: Falls are a major concern among hospitalized adults, and it is essential to identify high-risk patients to prevent falls. This retrospective cohort study conducted at the Asan Medical Center, Korea, compared the screening abilities of the at-point Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and Morse Fall Scale (MFS) to identify patients at high risk for falls among hospitalized adults.Methods: We assessed the records of at-point CFS, MFS, and fall incidence during hospitalization of 2,028 patients aged 18 or older included in this study. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the curve (AUC) for each tool.Results: Twenty-five patients (1.23%) experienced falls during hospitalization. The mean at-point CFS score was significantly higher in those with falls than in those without falls. The mean MFS score did not differ significantly between the two groups. The optimal cutoff points for the at-point CFS and MFS scores were 5 and 45, respectively. At these cutoffs, the at-point CFS demonstrated a sensitivity of 76.0%, specificity of 54.0%, PPV of 2.0%, and NPV of 99.4%, whereas the MFS demonstrated a sensitivity of 60.0%, specificity of 68.1%, PPV of 2.2%, and NPV of 99.4%. The AUC values for the at-point CFS and MFS were 0.68 and 0.63, respectively, with no significant difference (p=0.31).Conclusion: The at-point CFS is a valid screening tool for assessing fall risk in hospitalized adults, as it effectively identifies fall risk with a performance similar to that of the MFS.