bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Taletrectinib in Chinese Patients With ROS1+ Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Phase II TRUST-I Study
Authors: Li Wei , Xiong Anwen , Yang Nong , Fan Huijie , Yu Qitao , Zhao Yanqiu , Wang Yongsheng , Meng Xue , Wu Jingxun , Wang Ziping , Liu Yunpeng , Wang Xicheng , Qin Xintian , Lu Kaihua , Zhuang Wu , Ren Yizhong , Zhang Xianyu , Yan Bing , Lovly Christine M. , Zhou Caicun
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE

Taletrectinib, a highly potent, CNS-active, ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated high and durable response rates, high intracranial objective response rate (ORR), prolonged progression-free survival (PFS), and activity against G2032R with a favorable safety profile. We report outcomes from the pivotal TRUST-I study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04395677 ) of taletrectinib for ROS1+ non–small cell lung cancer in China.

METHODS

TRUST-I evaluated TKI-naїve and crizotinib-pretreated patients. The primary end point was confirmed ORR (cORR) by independent review committee; key secondary end points included duration of response (DOR), PFS, and safety.

RESULTS

As of November 2023, 173 patients were enrolled (median age, 55 years; 58% female; 73% never smoked; TKI naїve: n = 106; crizotinib pretreated: n = 67). In TKI-naїve patients, cORR and intracranial cORR were 91% and 88%, respectively, and 52% and 73% in crizotinib-pretreated patients. In TKI-naїve patients, median DOR and median PFS were not reached (NR) with 22.1-month and 23.5-month follow-up, respectively. In crizotinib-pretreated patients, the median DOR was 10.6 months (95% CI, 6.3 months to NR; 8.4-month follow-up), and the median PFS was 7.6 months (95% CI, 5.5 to 12.0 months; 9.7-month follow-up). Eight of 12 patients (67%) with G2032R mutations responded. The most frequent treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were increased AST (76%), diarrhea (70%), and increased ALT (68%), most of which were grade 1-2. Incidences of neurologic TEAEs were low (dizziness: 23%; dysgeusia: 10%) and mostly grade 1. Discontinuations (5%) and dose reductions (19%) due to TEAEs were low.

CONCLUSION

Taletrectinib continues to show high and durable overall responses, prolonged PFS, robust activity against intracranial lesions and acquired resistance mutations including G2032R, and a favorable safety profile with a low incidence of neurologic TEAEs.
PD-L1 Immunohistochemistry in Gastric Cancer: Comparison of Combined Positive Score and Tumor Area Positivity Across 28-8, 22C3, and SP263 Assays
Authors: Klempner Samuel J. , Cowden Eric S. , Cytryn Samuel L. , Fassan Matteo , Kawakami Hisato , Shimada Hideaki , Tang Laura H. , Wagner Daniel-Christoph , Yatabe Yasushi , Savchenko Alexander , Salcius Jennifer , Johng Dorhyun , Chen Jing , Montenegro Giuliana , Moehler Markus
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE

The clinical application of PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing is complicated by the availability of multiple IHC assays, scoring algorithms, and cutoffs. This study assessed the analytical comparability of three commercially available PD-L1 assays and two scoring algorithms used to assess PD-L1 status in gastric cancer (GC) samples.

METHODS

Serial sections of 100 resected GC samples, with PD-L1 expression levels across the dynamic range, were stained with three in vitro diagnostic-grade PD-L1 assays (28-8, 22C3, and SP263). Three trained pathologists blindly and independently scored slides using combined positive score (CPS) and tumor area positivity (TAP) algorithms. Comprehensive statistical analyses were performed to evaluate analytical concordance. Digital image analysis (DIA) was used to objectively compare the technical performance of each assay by simulating CPS and TAP.

RESULTS

Comparable staining patterns were observed with these three PD-L1 assays. Despite discernible variation in staining intensity, reproducible evaluations of PD-L1 positivity were observed. Inter- and intra-assay assessments of all three assays, using either CPS or TAP and the same PD-L1 cutoffs, demonstrated moderate to almost-perfect (interassay Cohen's kappa [κ] range, 0.47-0.83) and substantial to almost-perfect (intra-assay κ range, 0.77-1.00) agreement. Interpathologist assessment exhibited a significant level of concordance (intraclass correlation coefficient ≥0.92). No difference in technical performance was observed using DIA.

CONCLUSION

This study highlights analytical concordance in PD-L1 testing between three major PD-L1 assays when TAP and CPS are applied. Comparability of the technical assay performance was further supported by independent DIA. These observations support cross-application flexibility of the different PD-L1 assays and scoring algorithms to characterize PD-L1 expression in GC.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of modern treatment approaches for precancerous diseases of the vulva
Authors: Dunaevskaya V.
Published: June 2024

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of modern approaches to the treatment of patients with various types of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Materials and methods. A prospective study of the results of VIN treatment in 262 women aged 25 to 70 years (mean age 51.12±13.41 years) was conducted. Treatment was provided to 155 women with HPV-independent vulvar dysplasia (dVIN), 98 women with severe HPV-independent vulvar dysplasia (VHSIL), and 9 women with grade Ia vulvar Paget's disease. Depending on the type and features of the disease, clinical and morphological characteristics, size, location, age and anamnesis, a particular treatment method was chosen, namely: excision, photodynamic therapy (PDT) with chlorine E6; PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid; 5% imiquimod cream; vulvectomy (partial/complete). In some cases, a combination of methods was used: excision and 5% imiquimod cream; excision with PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid. Results. Cream with 5% imiquimod was used in our study mainly in women with VHSIL and showed quite high efficacy in the treatment process. After 3 months, partial regression was registered in 93.75% of cases, after six months, complete regression occurred in 71.87% of patients, and after a year - in 81.25% of women. Morphologically, after 3 months, the recurrence of the disease was registered only in 31.25% of patients, while over time a complete coincidence of clinical and morphological indicators was registered. Combined therapy with imiquimod showed high efficacy both clinically and morphologically with complete regression of the disease (100%) and absence of relapses during the year of follow-up in all patients to whom this approach was used. Treatment with the systemic use of PDT with chlorin E6 showed a complete regression of the pathological focus clinically and morphologically in 96.65% of women after 3 months. The same indicators remained after 6 months, but after a year, the percentage of women with partial regression with morphologically confirmed recurrence slightly increased to 15.08%. Conclusions. Modern methods of conservative treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia using imiquimod cream and systemic photodynamic therapy can be a highly effective alternative to surgical intervention.
The Hidden Health Crisis: Microplastics and Their Medical Consequences
Authors: Roman Jakub , Gondko Daniel , Dębiec Patrycja , Pietrzak Nikodem
Published: June 2024

Introduction and Purpose: Microplastics, ubiquitous environmental contaminants, are increasingly recognized for their potential to impact human health. This review aims to consolidate existing knowledge on the pathways through which microplastics interact with biological systems and to elucidate their health implications.

State of Knowledge: Microplastics are pervasive in various environments, from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems, and they eventually enter the human body via ingestion, inhalation, or dermal absorption. Studies have suggested that microplastics carry toxic substances, such as heavy metals and organic pollutants, which are known endocrine disruptors and carcinogens. Additionally, the physical presence of microplastics has been linked to inflammation and other negative health outcomes. Research in this field is complex and interdisciplinary, involving toxicology, environmental science, and public health disciplines.
Summary: The presence of microplastics in the human body is concerning, and there is a clear need for further research to understand the extent of health risks associated with chronic exposure. Public health strategies should include both reducing microplastic pollution and strengthening regulations on plastic waste. Meanwhile, medical professionals should consider the potential for microplastic exposure when diagnosing and treating chronic conditions. Future research should aim to clarify the mechanisms of toxicity and establish safe levels of exposure, with a multidisciplinary approach being essential for comprehensive understanding and effective intervention.
Nutritional Insights: How Food Choices Affect Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Gondko Daniel , Dębiec Patrycja , Roman Jakub , Pietrzak Nikodem
Published: June 2024

Introduction and Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac rhythm disorder that significantly impacts global health. Emerging evidence suggests that dietary habits play a crucial role in the modulation and management of AF. This review article aims to synthesize current knowledge on the interplay between nutrition and atrial fibrillation, providing insights for healthcare professionals and patients alike in managing this condition through dietary choices.State of Knowledge: Various studies have examined the effects of specific nutrients, food groups, and dietary patterns on the incidence and progression of AF. This review delves into research linking macro- and micronutrients—such as omega-3 fatty acids, fiber, and antioxidants—to AF risk. It also evaluates the influence of dietary patterns, including Mediterranean and plant-based diets, on the electrical and structural remodeling of the heart that predisposes to AF. Additionally, the impact of excessive alcohol and caffeine consumption on AF is scrutinized, highlighting the importance of moderation.Summary: The evidence indicates a significant association between diet and atrial fibrillation, suggesting that specific dietary modifications could potentially reduce AF risk or mitigate its severity. Recommendations for clinical practice involve promoting heart-healthy dietary patterns, focusing on the balance and quality of nutrients, while considering individual dietary restrictions and preferences. Further research is needed to clarify causal relationships and to develop comprehensive dietary guidelines specific to AF management.
Perspectivas comunitarias e institucionales acerca del cáncer cervicouterino en indígenas del Amazonas colombiano
Authors: Garces- Palacio Isabel , López-Ríos Jennifer Marcela , Ramos-Jaraba Sara Milena
Published: June 2024

Introducción: información en cáncer en poblaciones indígenas colombianas es escasa, el objetivo de este estudio fue conocer las perspectivas comunitarias y de los prestadores de servicios de salud acerca del cáncer de cuello uterino (CaCU), en mujeres indígenas del Amazonas colombiano. Materiales y métodos: estudio cualitativo, derivado de una investigación de métodos mixtos de triangulación convergente, se realizaron 40 entrevistas semi-estructuradas que incluían profesionales de la salud y actores claves comunitarios representados en curacas, médicos tradicionales o chamanes, parteras, promotores de salud, auxiliares de salud pública, líderes y lideresas, abuelos, abuelas y mujeres indígenas en general. Para el análisis se utilizó la técnica de análisis de contenido. Resultados: emergieron cuatro categorías, a) concepciones y factores de riesgo alrededor del cáncer en general y el CaCU; b) prácticas de cuidado y de atención occidentales y ancestrales para el CaCU; c) dificultades socioculturales y del sistema de salud para la prevención y atención del CaCU; d) recomendaciones para el fortalecimiento de la de prevención del CaCU. Conclusión: los participantes reconocen la citología cervico-uerina como una forma de prevenir el cáncer y aunque los participantes mencionaron algunos aspectos culturales y personales que podrían constituirse en una barrera para la prevención y control del cáncer de cuello uterino, el mayor énfasis fue dado a los problemas estructurales del sistema de salud, la falta de integración cultural y a las dificultades de acceso al tamizaje, diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Ingurgitación mamaria desde la fisioterapia a través de agentes físicos y técnicas manuales: una revisión sistemática con meta-análisis
Authors: Sánchez-Gadvay Andrea , Benavides Lina María , Hoyos-Calderón Yennyt Tatiana , Rosales-Ricardo Yury
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia de estudios previos sobre las diferentes alternativas de tratamientos con el uso de agentes físicos y técnicas manuales utilizados en la fisioterapia para la ingurgitación mamaria a nivel internacional.  Material y método: Estudio de revisión sistemática con metaanálisis según el protocolo PRISMA. Búsqueda en las bases de datos de Scopus y Medline a través de PubMed, publicados desde el 01 de enero de 2015 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2021. La estrategia de búsqueda empleó los siguientes términos: breast engorgement, treatment, breastfeeding, six-point engorgement scale, physiotherapy, breast cancer, Physical therapy. Los 5 estudios elegidos para esta revisión sistemática fueron valorados con la Escala PEDro para conocer la calidad metodológica.
Resultados: Diferencias medias estandarizadas oscilaron entre 0,5959 y 2,7373, la mayoría de las estimaciones positivas. El resultado promedio difirió significativamente de cero (z = 3,5686, p = 0,0004). Según prueba Q, los resultados reales parecen ser heterogéneos (Q (5) = 23,2212, p = 0,0003, tau² = 0,4759, I² = 83,6163%). Intervalo de predicción del 95 % para los resultados reales viene dado por -0,3733 a 2,5931.  Un intervalo de predicción del 95 % para los resultados reales viene dado por -3,6762 a 11,5933. Conclusiones: Las técnicas estudiadas disminuyen el dolor y la congestión mamaria, sin embargo, se ha visto que la combinación entre ellas puede favorecer aún más la mejora de los mismos. Al aplicarse en las mujeres con ingurgitación generaron beneficios a corto y largo plazo para disminuir el dolor y la ingurgitación mamaria.
Prevalence and patterns of neuropathic pain in people with chronic post-surgical pain after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Bertram Wendy , Howells Nick , White Simon P. , Sanderson Emily , Wylde Vikki , Lenguerrand Erik , Gooberman-Hill Rachael , Bruce Julie
Published: June 2024

Aims

The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and patterns of neuropathic pain over one year in a cohort of patients with chronic post-surgical pain at three months following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods

Between 2016 and 2019, 363 patients with troublesome pain, defined as a score of ≤ 14 on the Oxford Knee Score pain subscale, three months after TKA from eight UK NHS hospitals, were recruited into the Support and Treatment After Replacement (STAR) clinical trial. Self-reported neuropathic pain and postoperative pain was assessed at three, nine, and 15 months after surgery using the painDETECT and Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) questionnaires collected by postal survey.

Results

Symptoms of neuropathic pain were common among patients reporting chronic pain at three months post-TKA, with half reporting neuropathic pain on painDETECT (191/363; 53%) and 74% (267/359) on DN4. Of those with neuropathic pain at three months, half continued to have symptoms over the next 12 months (148/262; 56%), one-quarter had improved (67/262; 26%), and for one-tenth their neuropathic symptoms fluctuated over time (24/262; 9%). However, a subgroup of participants reported new, late onset neuropathic symptoms (23/262; 9%). Prevalence of neuropathic symptoms was similar between the screening tools when the lower cut-off painDETECT score (≥ 13) was applied. Overall, mean neuropathic pain scores improved between three and 15 months after TKA.

Conclusion

Neuropathic pain is common in patients with chronic pain at three months after TKA. Although neuropathic symptoms improved over time, up to half continued to report painful neuropathic symptoms at 15 months after TKA. Postoperative care should include screening, assessment, and treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with early chronic postoperative pain after TKA.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(6):582–588.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of soft bandage and immediate discharge versus rigid immobilization in children with distal radius torus fractures
Authors: Perry Daniel C. , Dritsaki Melina , Achten Juul , Appelbe Duncan , Knight Ruth , Widnall James , Roland Damian , Messahel Shrouk , Costa Matthew L. , Mason James
Published: June 2024

Aims

The aim of this trial was to assess the cost-effectiveness of a soft bandage and immediate discharge, compared with rigid immobilization, in children aged four to 15 years with a torus fracture of the distal radius.

Methods

A within-trial economic evaluation was conducted from the UK NHS and personal social services (PSS) perspective, as well as a broader societal point of view. Health resources and quality of life (the youth version of the EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D-Y)) data were collected, as part of the Forearm Recovery in Children Evaluation (FORCE) multicentre randomized controlled trial over a six-week period, using trial case report forms and patient-completed questionnaires. Costs and health gains (quality-adjusted life years (QALYs)) were estimated for the two trial treatment groups. Regression was used to estimate the probability of the new treatment being cost-effective at a range of ‘willingness-to-pay’ thresholds, which reflect a range of costs per QALY at which governments are typically prepared to reimburse for treatment.

Results

The offer of a soft bandage significantly reduced cost per patient (saving £12.55 (95% confidence interval (CI) -£5.30 to £19.80)) while QALYs were similar (QALY difference between groups: 0.0013 (95% CI -0.0004 to 0.003)). The high probability (95%) that offering a bandage is a cost-effective option was consistent when examining the data in a range of sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion

In addition to the known clinical equivalence, this study found that the offer of a bandage reduced cost compared with rigid immobilization among children with a torus fracture of the distal radius. While the cost saving was small for each patient, the high frequency of these injuries indicates a significant saving across the healthcare system.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(6):623–630.
The relationship between pseudotumours and infected complications in patients who have undergone metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Leal Justin , Holland Christopher T. , Cochrane Niall H. , Seyler Thorsten M. , Jiranek William A. , Wellman Samuel S. , Bolognesi Michael P. , Ryan Sean P.
Published: June 2024

Aims

This study aims to assess the relationship between history of pseudotumour formation secondary to metal-on-metal (MoM) implants and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) rate, as well as establish ESR and CRP thresholds that are suggestive of infection in these patients. We hypothesized that patients with a pseudotumour were at increased risk of infection.

Methods

A total of 1,171 total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients with MoM articulations from August 2000 to March 2014 were retrospectively identified. Of those, 328 patients underwent metal artefact reduction sequence MRI and had minimum two years’ clinical follow-up, and met our inclusion criteria. Data collected included demographic details, surgical indication, laterality, implants used, history of pseudotumour, and their corresponding preoperative ESR (mm/hr) and CRP (mg/dl) levels. Multivariate logistic regression modelling was used to evaluate PJI and history of pseudotumour, and receiver operating characteristic curves were created to assess the diagnostic capabilities of ESR and CRP to determine the presence of infection in patients undergoing revision surgery.

Results

The rate of PJI for all identified MoM THAs was 3.5% (41/1,171), with a mean follow-up of 10.9 years (2.0 to 20.4). Of the patients included in the final cohort, 8.2% (27/328) had PJI, with a mean follow-up of 12.2 years (2.3 to 20.4). Among this cohort, 31.1% (102/328) had a history of pseudotumour. The rate of PJI in these patients was 14.7% (15/102), which was greater than those without pseudotumour, 5.3% (12/226) (p = 0.008). Additionally, logistic regression analysis showed an association between history of pseudotumour and PJI (odds ratio 4.36 (95% confidence interval 1.77 to 11.3); p = 0.002). Optimal diagnostic cutoffs for PJI in patients with history of pseudotumour versus those without were 33.1 mm/hr and 24.5 mm/hr for ESR and 7.37 mg/dl and 1.88 mg/dl for CRP, respectively.

Conclusion

Patients with history of pseudotumour secondary to MoM THA had a higher likelihood of infection than those without. While suspicion of infection should be high for these patients, ESR and CRP cutoffs published by the European Bone and Joint Infection Society may not be appropriate for patients with a history of pseudotumour, as ESR and CRP levels suggestive of PJI are likely to be higher than for those without a pseudotumour. Additional investigation, such as aspiration, is highly recommended for these patients unless clinical suspicion and laboratory markers are low.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(6):555–564.
The induced membrane technique for the management of infected segmental bone defects
Authors: Shen Jie , Wei Zhiyuan , Wu Hongri , Wang Xiaohua , Wang Shulin , Wang Guanglin , Luo Fei , Xie Zhao
Published: June 2024

Aims

The aim of the present study was to assess the outcomes of the induced membrane technique (IMT) for the management of infected segmental bone defects, and to analyze predictive factors associated with unfavourable outcomes.

Methods

Between May 2012 and December 2020, 203 patients with infected segmental bone defects treated with the IMT were enrolled. The digital medical records of these patients were retrospectively analyzed. Factors associated with unfavourable outcomes were identified through logistic regression analysis.

Results

Among the 203 enrolled patients, infection recurred in 27 patients (13.3%) after bone grafting. The union rate was 75.9% (154 patients) after second-stage surgery without additional procedures, and final union was achieved in 173 patients (85.2%) after second-stage surgery with or without additional procedures. The mean healing time was 9.3 months (3 to 37). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of 203 patients showed that the number (≥ two) of debridements (first stage) was an independent risk factor for infection recurrence and nonunion. Larger defect sizes were associated with higher odds of nonunion. After excluding 27 patients with infection recurrence, multivariate analysis of the remaining 176 patients suggested that intramedullary nail plus plate internal fixation, smoking, and an allograft-to-autograft ratio exceeding 1:3 adversely affected healing time.

Conclusion

The IMT is an effective method to achieve infection eradication and union in the management of infected segmental bone defects. Our study identified several risk factors associated with unfavourable outcomes. Some of these factors are modifiable, and the risk of adverse outcomes can be reduced by adopting targeted interventions or strategies. Surgeons can fully inform patients with non-modifiable risk factors preoperatively, and may even use other methods for bone defect reconstruction.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(6):613–622.
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein as a potential biomarker for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Udomsinprasert Wanvisa , Mookkhan Natcha , Tabtimnark Thanyalak , Aramruang Teerapong , Ungsudechachai Tachatra , Saengsiwaritt Wacharapol , Jittikoon Jiraphun , Chaikledkaew Usa , Honsawek Sittisak
Published: June 2024

Aims

This study aimed to determine the expression and clinical significance of a cartilage protein, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients.

Methods

A total of 270 knee OA patients and 93 healthy controls were recruited. COMP messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels in serum, synovial fluid, synovial tissue, and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) of knee OA patients were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry.

Results

COMP protein levels were significantly elevated in serum and synovial fluid of knee OA patients, especially those in the advanced stages of the disease. Serum COMP was significantly correlated with radiological severity as well as measures of body composition, physical performance, knee pain, and disability. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis unveiled a diagnostic value of serum COMP as a biomarker of knee OA (41.64 ng/ml, area under the curve (AUC) = 1.00), with a sensitivity of 99.6% and a specificity of 100.0%. Further analysis uncovered that COMP mRNA expression was markedly upregulated in the inflamed synovium of knee OA, consistent with immunohistochemical staining revealing localization of COMP protein in the lining and sub-lining layers of knee OA inflamed synovium. Most notably, relative COMP mRNA expression in knee OA synovium was positively associated with its protein levels in serum and synovial fluid of knee OA patients. In human knee OA FLSs activated with tumour necrosis factor-alpha, COMP mRNA expression was considerably up-regulated in a time-dependent manner.

Conclusion

All results indicate that COMP might serve as a supportive diagnostic marker for knee OA in conjunction with the standard diagnostic methods.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(6):261–271.
Does delay to theatre influence morbidity or mortality in femoral periprosthetic fractures?
Authors: Kennedy Ian W. , Rooney Elliot J. , Ryan Paul J. , Siva Soorya , Kennedy Matthew J. , Wheelwright Ben , Young David , Meek R. M. D.
Published: June 2024

Aims

Femoral periprosthetic fractures are rising in incidence. Their management is complex and carries a high associated mortality. Unlike native hip fractures, there are no guidelines advising on time to theatre in this group. We aim to determine whether delaying surgical intervention influences morbidity or mortality in femoral periprosthetic fractures.

Methods

We identified all periprosthetic fractures around a hip or knee arthroplasty from our prospectively collated database between 2012 and 2021. Patients were categorized into early or delayed intervention based on time from admission to surgery (early = ≤ 36 hours, delayed > 36 hours). Patient demographics, existing implants, Unified Classification System fracture subtype, acute medical issues on admission, preoperative haemoglobin, blood transfusion requirement, and length of hospital stay were identified for all patients. Complication and mortality rates were compared between groups.

Results

A total of 365 patients were identified: 140 in the early and 225 in the delayed intervention group. Mortality rate was 4.1% at 30 days and 19.2% at one year. There was some indication that those who had surgery within 36 hours had a higher mortality rate, but this did not reach statistical significance at 30 days (p = 0.078) or one year (p = 0.051). Univariate analysis demonstrated that age, preoperative haemoglobin, acute medical issue on admission, and the presence of postoperative complications influenced 30-day and one-year mortality. Using a multivariate model, age and preoperative haemoglobin were independently predictive factors for one-year mortality (odds ratio (OR) 1.071; p < 0.001 and OR 0.980; p = 0.020). There was no association between timing of surgery and postoperative complications. Postoperative complications were more likely with increasing age (OR 1.032; p = 0.001) and revision arthroplasty compared to internal fixation (OR 0.481; p = 0.001).

Conclusion

While early intervention may be preferable to reduce prolonged immobilization, there is no evidence that delaying surgery beyond 36 hours increases mortality or complications in patients with a femoral periprosthetic fracture.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(6):452–456.
Existential loneliness and meaning-in-life in the lived experience of nursing home residents
Authors: Larsson Helena , Saarelainen Suvi-Maria , Sjöberg Marina , Dezutter Jessie , Haugan Gørill
Published: June 2024

This study expands our understanding of how existential loneliness and meaning-in-life might be connected in the lived experience of nursing home residents. A secondary analysis of interviews with nursing home residents (n = 8) was conducted. The analysis starts inductively using template analysis, and ends deductively, with a theoretical framework guiding the process. Existential loneliness and meaning-in-life are prominent in nursing home residents’ everyday lives and relate to relationships and vulnerable situations involving (1) being seen, (2) trust in life and (3) looking forward. To enhance existential well-being in nursing home residents, facilitating meaningful relationships and experiences is essential.
What's in the Shadow of a Name? Cook-Lynn's Invocations of Greek and Roman Classics in the Aurelia Trilogy
Authors: Peay Ford
Published: June 2024

Abstract: "Though classicists have always believed in endings," Elizabeth Cook-Lynn writes in Aurelia , "the real Dakotah storytellers like Aurelia do not." Throughout her 1999 novella collection, Aurelia: A Crow Creek Trilogy , Cook-Lynn enacts a project of literary nationalism. Cook-Lynn also juxtaposes the Dakota topics and literary practices of her narrative against occasional but pointed references to Greek and Roman antiquity and to classicism: the scholarly mode that has enshrined Greek and Roman antiquity in both etiologies and ideals of "Western civilization" for centuries. A superficial reading might suggest that Cook-Lynn's classical invocations implicitly prioritize Western classicism or distract from Aurelia 's Dakota literary nationalism. While such invocations do create multiple effects, their primary thrust is to redirect the reader to a Dakota-centered orientation of philosophical-artistic priorities. Ultimately, this examination of Cook-Lynn's classical invocations illuminates in action a provocative and deftly challenging authorial stance that Cook-Lynn identifies with literary greatness in her own criticism.
Oceti Sakowin Writers' Reflections on Storytelling
Authors: Lee Lanniko L. , Bordeaux Nelson Patty , Garcia Fritz Jessica , Hernandez Sarah , Pexa Christopher , Tallbear Kim
Published: June 2024

Abstract: A dialogue among members of the Oceti Sakowin Writers Society was held on Zoom on September 16, 2023. Transcribed conversations have become one of the Society's hallmarks, and are now used to conclude each of the Society's anthologies. This tradition began in 2006 with This Stretch of the River (edited by Society members Craig Howe and Kim TallBear) and He Sapa Woinble (edited by Society members Craig Howe, Lydia Whirlwind Soldier, and Lanniko L. Lee). These conversations allow Society members to reflect upon topics and issues relevant to the Oceti Sakowin Nation. This particular dialogue focuses upon storytelling and writing.
The Silent Treatment: Helena P. Blavatsky’s The Voice of the Silence and the Construction of Theosophical Scripture
Authors: Chajes Julie
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: The matriarch of Theosophy, Helena P. Blavatsky (1831–1891), wrote a short devotional text called The Voice of the Silence (1889) towards the end of her life that she intended as scripture and which has been endorsed with enthusiasm by individuals both within and outside the parent Theosophical Society. This article approaches the production of The Voice of the Silence as a case study in the construction of scripture, outlining the work’s doctrines (particularly regarding kundalini and the higher idhhi s), describing the controversies that impelled Blavatsky to publish it, and exploring some of her key literary sources. It reveals that Blavatsky strategically rewrote an earlier publication, Light on the Path (1885), by the English Theosophist Mabel Collins (1851–1927). Blavatsky enriched her writing of The Voice of the Silence with material taken from a handful of articles on Hindu thought, including Yoga, written by Indian Theosophists and others. She responded to challenges to her authority by producing a new Theosophical scripture that addressed issues of spiritual and temporal power.
New Religious Movements in Iran: Determinants of Toleration and Repression by the State
Authors: Farshchi Ehsan
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: New religious movement activism can be perceived as a threat to mainstream order, sometimes resulting in repression by the state. New religions have become popular in Iran, a nation ruled by an absolute theocracy since 1979, yet the state appears to have tolerated the majority of new religious movements while repressing others. Through a comparative examination of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s varying responses to the presence and activities of such movements, I present a model in which state repression is predicated on a movement’s strength as measured by its access to resources vis-à-vis resource mobilization theory. Three characteristics—membership size, expansive geographical presence, and cultural proximity to the mainstream—seem to be the factors that differentiate repressed movements from tolerated ones. In addition, the comparison reveals that protests against state repression of a given movement reduce the severity of the state’s actions against it.
“Nothing Comes about without Interest”: On Hegel’s Account of Moral Motivation
Authors: Magrì Elisa
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Hegel’s account of action in the Encyclopedia defies the standard belief–desire model of action in that he holds that having beliefs is not in itself normative, nor having desires or wishes. At the same time, he argues that our actions are expressive of our reasons to act, including beliefs and practical feelings. By drawing attention on the dialectic between deeds and practical feelings as well as on the role of interest, the author distinguishes two orders of moral motivation in Hegel’s theory of practical spirit: a first-order motivation concerned with self-realization, and a second-order motivation that expresses interest in shared commitments and obligations. Taken together, both types of interest delineate Hegel’s theory of responsive conduct. One upshot of this view is the reevaluation of moral action in terms of processes rather than events, which also makes room for a noncognitivist appraisal of action in Hegel.
McTaggart’s Series under the Critical Eye of the Ancient Philosophy of Time
Authors: Golitsis Pantelis
Published: June 2024

Abstract: McTaggart’s thesis about the unreality of time has puzzled and still puzzles philosophers of the metaphysics of time, who defend the existence of either McTaggart’s A series or McTaggart’s B series. McTaggart himself, however, was led through his analysis to view as real what he called the “C series,” which, unlike the temporal A and B series, is atemporal. The author argues that the ancient conception of time, especially of the Neoplatonist Damascius, reveals an important gap in McTaggart’s thought, namely, his overlooking the idea of an integral present (that is, a present that does not form a series), which allows to account for the B series as being generated from the C series without the involvement of the A series, which has been shown by McTaggart to have a contradictory nature. This comparative account enables us to see not only that Damascius was the first presentist in the history of the metaphysics of time, but also that McTaggart’s analysis rests upon the unreflected assumption that time, if it is real, progresses linearly.
A Study on the Usage of Wesh in Parisian French
Authors: David-Toledo Alessandro C. , Antes Theresa A.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: The Arabic-derived French slang word wesh has fascinated linguists and bilingual French speakers seeking equivalents of the word in other languages. Because it appears in a variety of discourse contexts, its use and translation into English can be difficult to immediately discern. This study analyzes 84 occurrences of the word in natural language use in social media posts and during conversations from November 2022 to January 2023. We identify five distinct uses of wesh as a discourse marker in French, along with one substantive use. Finally, we propose an updated dictionary entry and provide pedagogical suggestions for instructors. Abstract: Le mot argot français d'origine arabe, wesh , fascine les linguistes et les locuteurs bilingues du français qui y cherchent un équivalent dans d'autres langues. En raison de sa présence dans divers contextes discursifs, l'utiliser et le traduire en anglais peuvent être difficiles. Cette étude analyse 84 occurrences du mot produites en langue naturelle sur les réseaux sociaux et lors de conversations pendant la période de novembre 2022 à janvier 2023. Nous identifions cinq utilisations distinctes de wesh en tant que marqueur de discours en français, ainsi qu'une utilisation comme substantif. Pour conclure, nous proposons une entrée de dictionnaire plus complète et fournissons des suggestions pédagogiques pour les instructeurs.
Le potentiel de la marge: Fonctions du terrain vague chez Jean-Philippe Toussaint
Authors: Cherry Alina
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: Parmi les nombreuses formes d'espaces qu'on trouve chez Jean-Philippe Toussaint, les terrains vagues occupent une place singulière dans la mesure où l'écriture valorise ces sites à priori sans intérêt. Isolées et abandonnées, ces zones qui ne participent pas à l'économie de la ville se présentent comme des contre-espaces qui constituent une image "négative" de la cité. Fasciné par la nature transitoire de ces espaces, Toussaint en exploite les significations, en insistant sur leur fonctionnement comme miroir narratif, critique de l'expansion urbaine, palimpseste socio-historique et memento mori . Abstract: Among the many types of space in Jean-Philippe Toussaint's work, vacant lots occupy a unique position insofar as the writing valorizes these seemingly uninteresting sites. Isolated and abandoned, these areas that do not participate in the economy of the city appear as counter-spaces that constitute a "negative" image of the city. Fascinated by the transitory nature of these spaces, Toussaint exploits their meanings, emphasizing their role as a narrative mirror, critique of urban expansion, sociohistorical palimpsest, and memento mori.
Portrait d'une héroïne lorraine en amazone: Madame de Saint-Baslemont de Claude Deruet
Authors: Lasmézas Frank
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: Le Portrait équestre de Madame de Saint-Baslemont peint avant 1650 par Claude Deruet et exposé au Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy est dans cet article l'objet d'une ekphrasis interprétative. L'existence d'une version parisienne du même tableau suscite un doute quant à son sens politique et religieux, lisible aussi bien en termes de sujétion royale que d'indépendance ducale, de gallicanisme que de tridentinisme. Le fait que l'héroïne représentée n'ait en réalité défendu ni l'une ni l'autre cause, mais simplement les habitants de son village soulève la question de sa disparition mémorielle. Son portraitiste Deruet fut dans l'histoire de la peinture en butte à l'accusation de "maniérisme" masquant celle de double allégeance. Les historiographes du XIXème siècle l'ont ainsi minoré en regard du "Lorrain" Claude Gellée et du graveur Jacques Callot, plus facilement assignables à une identité régionale ou professionnelle. De surcroît, ils lui ont imposé les normes de réception esthétiques du Romantisme, inverses de ses propres critères de production. Le peintre subit ainsi le même sort que la dame dont il avait fait le portrait, exclue de notre mémoire par la bergère de Domrémy.
Ingres selon Théophile Gautier: L'artiste dans un dédale de contradictions
Authors: Hong Ji Eun
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: Gautier avait une grande admiration pour Ingres, comme Delacroix, en qui il voyait la représentation du repos et du mouvement. Ingres lui semblait incarner un rêve de voyage dans le temps. Gautier voyait d'ailleurs en Ingres un artiste marginal, égaré dans son siècle, développant un idéal de rigueur. Il est surprenant de constater que Gautier, admirateur des peintres orientalistes comme Decamps et Marilhat, célèbre en Ingres le contraire de la sensualité orientale. Cela nous permettra de mieux comprendre les sinuosités du jugement artistique de Gautier, et la part que prend dans sa critique le désir systématique d'aller à l'encontre de la doxa . Abstract: Gautier had great admiration for Ingres, like Delacroix, in whom he saw the representation of rest and movement. Ingres seemed to him to embody a dream of time travel. Gautier also saw in Ingres a marginal artist, lost in his century, developing an ideal of rigor. It is surprising to note that Gautier, admirer of orientalist painters like Decamps and Marilhat, celebrates in Ingres the opposite of oriental sensuality. This will allow us to better understand the twists and turns of Gautier's artistic judgment, and the part played in his criticism by the systematic desire to go against the doxa.
Processamento de Linguagem Natural do Português Brasileiro para detecção de cyberbullying
Authors: Luiz Villela M. Mioni José , Renata S. C. de Barbosa Cinthyan , Fantineli C. de Oliveira Bruno
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTIn situations of catastrophes or accidents that cause a high riskof life for people and also for the rescue team, the use of multipleUnmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) can help a lot in scenarioswhere the expected time of mapping and exploration is very small,so the faster the internal environment is known and mapped, thebetter the rescue strategy will be and the more likely the lives willbe saved. The help of multiple UAVs can be very advantageousin the race against time for data collection of the scenario to berescued, in indoor and unknown environments, in which navigationsystems such as global positioning (GPS) are not a possiblesolution. However, a proposal was created to be applied in thesecases, which uses a bioinspired method with multiple UAV for explorationand mapping, so that each autonomous UAV starts theprocess of territory exploration inspiringif in the hexagonal shapeof honeycombs of bees. However, this method used a maximum ofthree UAV due to the technological limitations of the simulationenvironment. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to create asimulation environment capable of working with dozens of UAVat the same time, so that the scalability of this method can be evaluated,taking into account the metrics of the original work andadding more and more UAV to the scenarios. It was observed thatthe method can be scalable up to a certain number of UAVs, dependingon the area of the environment, so that when adding moreUAVs, the exploration time does not decrease, sometimes increases,due to increased trac and the blockages generated.
PySol: Uma Proposta Python para Automação de Busca na SBC OpenLib
Authors: Chagas Souza Nicolas , Barros de Sales André , G. Q. Palmeira Eduardo
Published: June 2024

RESUMOConducting a systematic review is complex, but it can be simplifiedusing computational resources. Utilizing multiple research sourcesis essential to cover most studies relevant to the investigated topic.In this context, SBC OpenLib (SOL), the open digital library ofthe Brazilian Society of Computing (SBC), is an important bibliographicsource for systematic reviews in Computing-related fields,offering access to all academic and scientific content produced bythe SBC. However, SOL’s limitation in its automatic search featureis the lack of flexibility in exporting results, a crucial criterionfor a database to be included in a systematic review’s search strategy.Addressing this issue, this paper introduces pySol, a Pythonbasedtool designed to automate searches and export results fromthe SOL database. PySol was developed using web scraping techniquesto extract automatic search results from the SOL database. Itsdevelopment followed Test-Driven Development (TDD) principles,resulting in over 280 unit tests and a code coverage of 93%. Theseindicators highlight the tool’s reliability for systematic searches.The tool intends to support the study identification stage in systematicreviews, significantly reducing the time and effort neededto search in the SOL database. The automation of this process notonly eases the execution of systematic searches in this databasebut also enables the export of results in BibTeX format, facilitatingintegration with reference managers.
Um Jogo em Realidade Alternativa para Motivar o Interesse de Meninas pela Área de Informática
Authors: Da Silva de Paula Amanda , Hartmann Ferreira Vinicius
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis article presents partial results of a project aimed atpromoting reflections on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI)in Computing through an Alternate Reality Game (ARG).Developed specifically for 8th and 9th grade girls in ElementarySchool, an initial version of the game has been created and willbe tested by a group of players. Following the testing phase, thegame will be incorporated into DEI extension workshops inComputing. Interviews with the participants will be conductedat the end of the workshops to understand how the gamecontributed to stimulating reflections.
Valerinas - As Meninas Digitais da UDESC Alto Vale: Relato da Criação e da Condução do Grupo
Authors: Acordi da Silva Nathália , Lino da Silva Mariana , Rodrigues Santos Aline , Fábia Coelho dos Santos Ana , Guterres Ferreira Marília , Santos Fernando
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe presence of women in computer science and information technology (IT) fields is still lower than that of men, and this is also the case in the Bachelor of Software Engineering (ESO) program at UDESC Alto Vale, Ibirama campus. With the aim of welcoming, retaining, and encouraging female students and graduates of ESO, the Valerinas group was created in September 2023, as a project partner of Meninas Digitais from SBC (Brazilian Computing Society). This article reports on the experience of creating and leading the Valerinas: the organization team's meetings to define objectives, the first open meeting with the participation of 34 women, subsequent meetings, and future plans to support girls in the Alto Vale do Itajaí region.
Comparativo de ferramentas de emulação e simulação no ensino de redes de computadores
Authors: Lorenzato Braga Matheus , Da Silva Ryan , De Limas Jeferson
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTWith the growing use of cloud computing, the demand forspecialized professionals in this field has arisen. Companiesface the challenge of transitioning from local computingresources, requiring skilled individuals. This studyaddresses computer network education, integrating it withthe technologies. By analyzing emulation/simulation tools,the project aims to analyze and subsequently create aprivate cloud for the Computer Networks course. Thisallows the integration of technological devices and supportsvarious disciplines. The practice facilitates theunderstanding and creation of networks throughemulators/simulators, enabling the use of virtual machinesin a cloud environment.