bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Principales causas de ausentismo laboral en el personal de enfermería adscritos al Hospital General de Zona No. 3 Tuxtepec, Oaxaca
Authors: García Caballero Julio César , Cruz Martínez José Adalberto , Villarreal Barranca Hilda Zulema
Published: December 2023

El ausentismo laboral ha tenido un aumento global progresivo y representa un desafío significativo. Este es un fenómeno multifactorial con interrelaciones entre factores individuales de arraigo en la persona, considera al trabajador como la unidad fundamental, con inquietudes, expectativas, necesidades, valores, habilidades y conocimientos. En el entorno hospitalario, las actividades laborales pueden desencadenar estrés, ansiedad y depresión, factores psicosociales que impactan el bienestar del personal de enfermería, afectando su rendimiento laboral y contribuyendo al ausentismo. Esta investigación identifica las causas primordiales del ausentismo laboral en enfermería de un Hospital General de Zona en Oaxaca. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, transversal. Se aplicó el instrumento ALEP al personal de enfermería. Se realizaron 131 encuestas, se observó que el 77.86% eran mujeres y el 22.14% hombres. El grupo más representado tenía entre 20 y 35 años (51.15%). Los trabajadores están el 35.88% en el matutino, en el vespertino el 33.59%, y en el nocturno el 20.53%. El área de hospitalización es el 56.49%. En cuanto a la antigüedad laboral, el 48.85% tenía entre 0 y 10 años de servicio. Existe un mayor ausentismo los fines de semana. Los factores principales del ausentismo fueron los institucionales, con 43.26%, reflejando una sobrecarga laboral. Este estudio revela que la distribución por turno y género concuerda con tendencias descritas sobre roles de género en el personal de enfermería. Además, la alta concentración de ausencias los fines de semana se alinea con investigaciones previas sobre ausentismo en personal de enfermería a nivel global.
Analysis of Judge Considerations and Legal Basis in Decisions Rejecting Lawsuits in Land Disputes
Authors: Maimunah Maimunah , Sudiro Amad
Published: December 2023

In the land dispute case in decision Number 644/Pdt.G/2020/PN. Tng where the plaintiff filed a lawsuit over a land object which he claimed was inherited from his parents to the defendant who had so far controlled and used the land object. In his decision the judge rejected the plaintiff's claim in its entirety, the judge's refusal was inseparable from the judge's legal considerations which became the basis for a decision. The type of research used is normative legal research. The approach used by the authors in this study is the statutory approach and case approach. The type of data in this study is secondary data. In this study, data analysis was used. is a qualitative analysis. the results of this study are that the judge in his consideration saw the plaintiff's evidence in the form of letter C where the evidence was not strong as confirmed by the decision of the supreme court of the Republic of Indonesia dated 25-61973 no 84 K/Sip/1973 which said notes from the village book (letter C) cannot be used as proof of ownership rights if it is not accompanied by other evidence. The conclusion of this study is that the consideration of the judge in making a decision uses a balance approach and the Ratio Decidendi approach, where the judge considers all aspects related to the subject matter in dispute and then looks for laws and regulations that are relevant to the subject matter in dispute as the legal basis for imposing a decision
Cuidados paliativos
Authors: Guimarães Lara Guerra , Manginelli Isabella Pagan , Godoi Dannielle Fernandes
Published: December 2023

Introdução: Espera-se que o aumento da carga de doenças crônicas e do envelhecimento populacional repercuta em crescente demanda por cuidados paliativos no país. Apesar disso, no Brasil ainda há um déficit no ensino da área, visto sobretudo na escassez de sua abordagem na graduação em Medicina, assim como em outras áreas da saúde. Esse cenário traduz-se em uma formação frágil dos profissionais da saúde, principalmente médicos, impactando o cuidado necessário a pacientes com condições clínicas potencialmente ameaçadoras da vida em todos os contextos, incluindo a atenção primária à saúde. Objetivos: Este estudo objetiva analisar o panorama de ensino de cuidados paliativos no Brasil e sua implicação na formação do médico generalista e na qualidade dos cuidados prestados na atenção primária à saúde. Também objetiva identificar competências necessárias para o ensino de cuidados paliativos na graduação de Medicina. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nacional a respeito do ensino de cuidados paliativos nas escolas médicas do Brasil e suas implicações na adequação à prática na atenção primária à saúde. Resultados: Dos estudos analisados, todos ressaltam a importância da abordagem dos cuidados paliativos na formação de base profissional na graduação e revelam a existência de lacunas a serem supridas nessa área de ensino. Entre as lacunas foram identificadas baixa abordagem nas grades curriculares, metodologias de ensino não adequadas e pouca especialização dos docentes. Com base nisso, alguns estudos brasileiros construíram propostas curriculares baseadas em mapeamento de competências mínimas na tentativa de sanar essas lacunas, incluindo habilidades de comunicação e a atitude médica diante do processo de morte. Este artigo compila as principais competências para o ensino de cuidados paliativos na graduação encontradas para o contexto brasileiro. Conclusões: A fragilidade do ensino de cuidados paliativos na graduação médica resulta em médicos generalistas carentes de competências básicas para esse tipo de cuidado, o qual ocupa cada vez mais lugar de destaque no cotidiano da atenção primária à saúde. Essa fragilidade precisa ser urgentemente abordada a fim de se adequar às necessidades populacionais, particularmente no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), dado o quantitativo de médicos de família e comunidade aquém das necessidades da APS brasileira.
Concepção de um Jogo Educativo para o Ensino de Física de Partículas Elementares Utilizando a Metodologia Game Design Thinking
Authors: Costa Bruno , Ribeiro Marcus
Published: December 2023

Nos últimos anos, a relevância da inserção de Física Moderna e Contemporânea na educação básica ganhou destaque. Embora o Ensino da Física de Partículas Elementares (EFPE) tenha sido reconhecido como essencial, muitos livros didáticos, frequentemente referências únicas para professores, possuem limitações no tratamento do tema. Com a atual geração de alunos sendo nativos digitais, jogos educativos surgem como ferramentas promissoras para complementar o ensino. Este artigo propõe a especificação de um jogo focado no EFPE, usando a abordagem Game Design Thinking, visando auxiliar e complementar o conteúdo dos livros didáticos.
O uso de tecnologias digitais na combinação de modelos híbridos para o ensino de função afim
Authors: Souza Kelli Lessa de , Silva Giulia Gonçalves da , Bona Aline Silva de
Published: December 2023

As tecnologias digitais aliadas a propostas educacionais estão sendo inseridas em contextos de inovação em modelos híbridos de ensino. Este trabalho tem como objetivo expor um recorte de um conjunto de atividades de função afim ancoradas em modelos híbridos de ensino que foi desenvolvida em uma turma de 1º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública do Litoral Norte do RS, explorar a postura dos alunos frente a propostas mais ativas de ensino e avaliar a perspectiva do trabalho docente quanto a utilização de novos modelos de ensino. A análise dos resultados evidenciou uma interação positiva da turma com a proposta de sala de aula invertida e rotação por estações e apresentou possibilidades de novas condutas para o trabalho docente.
Desenvolvimento de um Protótipo de Jogo Sério para Crianças com TDAH
Authors: Sousa João P. C. de , Oliveira Daiana M. de , Borges Marcos A. F.
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho propõe o desenvolvimento de um protótipo de jogo sério com temática de fazenda direcionado a crianças com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade. O desenvolvimento foi fundamentado nos princípios da User centered Design Sprint, do modelo Experience, Dynamics and Artifacts Framework e no Design Thinking. O objetivo é entregar um protótipo que possa oferecer mecanismos lúdicos no apoio a indivíduos com desafios específicos de aprendizado e organização.
Tecnologias Utilizadas no Ensino de Matemática para alunos com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Alves Júnior Fernando , Fülber Heleno , Merlin Bruno
Published: December 2023

Crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) apresentam dificuldades de atenção e foco, o que pode conduzir a dificuldades de aprendizagem especialmente na disciplina de matemática caso não tenham adaptações metodológicas. Este trabalho buscou investigar a produção científica de tecnologias relacionadas a estas adaptações. Os resultados mostram que a maioria da produção científica nesta temática apresenta a utilização de softwares como adaptação metodológica para o ensino de matemática para alunos com TDAH. Verificou-se também que há escassez de trabalhos nesta área, havendo variadas possibilidades tecnológicas a explorar.
Istituzionalizzazione del Service learning e costruzione di comunità educanti
Authors: Giunti Chiara , Lotti Patrizia
Published: December 2023

Il presente articolo vuole indagare il ruolo dell’approccio pedagogico del Service Learning nella collaborazione tra scuola e territorio. Il contributo presenta l’analisi dei dati relativi alla rubrica “Maturità di impiego dell’approccio pedagogico del Service Learning”, elaborata a partire dalla “Self-Assessment Rubric for the Institutionalization of Service-Learning in Higher Education” e limitatamente alla dimensione d’indagine “Partecipazione e collaborazione con i partner della comunità locale”. Il campione considerato è composto da 54 istituzioni scolastiche, adottanti l’idea “Dentro/fuori la scuola – Service Learning” di Avanguardie Educative, che hanno compilato il questionario fra gli anni scolastici 2020/2021 e 2021/2022. I risultati hanno evidenziato che, a fronte di alti livelli di istituzionalizzazione del SL nella scuola, si verifica il superamento della visione funzionalista delle relazioni scuola-territorio a favore di un attivo dialogo tra la scuola e i suoi partner territoriali.
L’educazione come bene comune per progettare il futuro: il contributo dell’Educazione Civica
Authors: Calzone Samuele , Mazza Caterina
Published: December 2023

Il Rapporto UNESCO Reimagining our futures together: a new social contract for education (2021) evidenzia un preoccupante aumento delle disuguaglianze, una progressiva regressione democratica e il continuo cambiamento climatico, amplificati dalla pandemia di COVID-19 e dalla crisi economica. Per affrontare questo momento di crisi, diversi studiosi hanno sottolineato l’importanza di promuovere l’educazione come bene pubblico, per formare cittadini attivi e consapevoli e riaffermare un senso collettivo di responsabilità, nonché l’importanza di costruire sistemi educativi dialoganti. Il presente lavoro, partendo dalle esperienze concrete delle scuole in relazione all’Educazione Civica, cerca di individuare alcuni elementi fondamentali per costruire alleanze territoriali che sostengano visioni di futuri possibili.
Comunità educanti e sistemi territoriali dal locale al globale. Una straordinaria opportunità di cambiamento per il sistema educativo
Authors: Rocco Fabio
Published: December 2023

Il primo Patto educativo della città di Padova si è sviluppato da un’esperienza educativa originale nella centralità della scuola e nella forte proiezione all’innovazione. La comunità educante, attivata dalle sfide del contesto multiculturale, si è unita trasformando la complessità in risorsa. La contaminazione dei processi educativi tra dentro e fuori la scuola e il lavoro di rete sono diventati le chiavi per far emergere le potenzialità degli studenti. L’università ha accolto con convinzione la necessità di entrare nel vivo dei processi educativi. Si potrebbe quindi immaginare un processo di crescita delle comunità educanti per gemmazione, cogliendo le potenzialità di sviluppo di questa strategia in un contesto più ampio.
Patti educativi di comunità: il patrimonio culturale come visione di una scuola di prossimità
Authors: Schiavo Fabrizio , Di Tore Pio Alfredo
Published: December 2023

La valenza scientifica attribuita al patrimonio storico, culturale e naturale è indicativa di un ambito di ricerca che si estende e rispecchia la società odierna, costituendo un sistema reticolare che interagisce culturalmente con numerosi altri sistemi, quali quelli sociali, educativi, politici ed economici. Con l’emergenza COVID-19 degli ultimi anni e l’istituzione dei Patti educativi di comunità, il patrimonio culturale ha assunto un ruolo cruciale nel sistema educativo, divenendo strumento capace di intrecciare i saperi, connettere apprendimento formale, non- formale e informale e rafforzare quell’alleanza tra le istituzioni scolastiche, i territori e le altre agenzie educative. Il contributo, nell’ottica di un ripensamento degli ambienti educativi e un ampliamento dell’offerta formativa, intende proporre l’idea di digitalizzare il patrimonio per sviluppare prototipi di Digital Assets educativi inclusivi open-source.
Continuità e fratture. Identità, emergenza e visione di sviluppo nelle comunità educanti
Authors: Storai Francesca , Nencioni Paola , Trolli Roberto
Published: December 2023

A seguito del COVID-19, l’ambiente di apprendimento scolastico si è trasferito su piattaforme virtuali, costringendo a un ripensamento complessivo delle metodologie e delle interazioni tra docenti e studenti, docenti e famiglie, dirigenti e studenti, sperimentando forme nuove di relazione e di collaborazione partecipante in ottica di responsabilità educativa. Questo contributo intende approfondire il costrutto relativo al senso di appartenenza e gli effetti della pandemia sul senso di comunità scolastica. Si sono utilizzati una parte dei dati relativi alla fase quantitativa: i dati raccolti su un campione di 5.770 studenti, 3.531 famiglie e 1.465 docenti, in 25 scuole individuate sul territorio nazionale. Si evidenziano, tuttavia, differenze significative rispetto alle diverse dimensioni prese in considerazione.
"La scuola di prossimità. Dimensioni, geografie e strumenti di un rinnovato scenario educativo", a cura di Stefania Chipa, Giuseppina Rosa Jose Mangione, Serena Greco, Lorenza Orlandini, Alessia Rosa, Scholé, 2023
Authors: Locatelli Rita
Published: December 2023

Recensione
Radiotherapy in cervical cancer
Authors: Srivastava Shraddha , Singh Moirangthem Nara , Ghosh Arunima , Gupta Indrajeet , Lal Brahma Bhatt Madan
Published: December 2023

Radiotherapy plays a significant role in the management of cervix cancer. In recent decades, there have been several advancements in radiation therapy treatment techniques. Moving from conventional two-dimensional techniques to advanced techniques like 3D conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT), intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), and volumetric modulated radiation therapy (VMAT) has led to improvement in the treatment outcomes. The aim of radiation therapy is achieved by these advanced techniques, which deliver optimal tumoricidal doses to tumor volumes and minimal doses to the normal tissues around the tumor and can reduce toxicity more effectively than the conventional techniques. These external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) techniques along with brachytherapy play a significant role in the treatment of gynaecological cancer. Compared to point-based dose brachytherapy planning, better local control and lower toxicity have been associated with advanced image-based brachytherapy.
A probabilistic approach for road network analysis
Authors: Barilla David , Caristi Giuseppe , Guarneri Roberto , Lo Bosco Dario
Published: December 2023

Complex networks are networks whose structure is irregular, complex and which evolves over time and are used in various branches of science and technology, such as in biochemistry, in the study of interactions in quantum field theory, in the study of IT processes, topologies in geographical databases and also on the web, in social networks such as Facebook and Linkedin and in the Google model. The term “complex” itself derives from the Latin cum (together)—plexus (intertwined), “intertwined together”: it highlights that a complex network system is composed of a set of parts connected and “intertwined” in such a way that the result (the effect produced) is different from the sum of the constituent parts. Therefore, the behavior of a complex system cannot be inferred by a simple analysis of the elements that compose it, but it is necessary to carry out a systematic examination of the interactions that are generated between them and the constraints that determine their operation. In this chapter we show how the probability of intersections for the Road Network Analysis (RNA) can be useful. We use a geometric probabilities approach for transportation planning operations. We show the utility of the probability of intersections in the determination of a classification rule for raster conversions in Geographical Information System (GIS) and GRASS GIS.
Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry: Instrumentation and Applications
Authors: E. Olajide Orobola , Y. Kartowikromo Kimberly , M. Hamid Ahmed
Published: December 2023

The integration of ion mobility spectrometry with mass spectrometry (as an IM-MS hybrid instrument) provides additional analytical separation and identification capabilities that have greatly advanced various fields, including biomedical, pharmaceutical, and forensic sciences. In this chapter, a comprehensive exploration of various IMS instrumentation platforms is discussed, including Drift tube (DTIMS), Traveling wave (TWIMS), Trapped (TIMS), Field asymmetric waveform (FAIMS), and Differential mobility analyzer (DMA). Their respective advantages and limitations are evaluated in the context of distinct applications, including isomer separation, signal filtering to increase signal-to-noise ratio, and collision cross section (CCS) measurements in targeted and untargeted omics-based workflows. The scanning rate compatibility between various IMS devices and different mass analyzers resulted in various IM-MS hyphenation platforms. Higher sensitivity and selectivity are further achieved with the introduction of tandem IMS such as TIMS-TIMS-MS. IMS separations occur in the millisecond range and can therefore be easily incorporated into the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry workflows and coupled with ambient ionization MS for metabolomics, lipidomic, proteomics, etc. The emergence of high-resolution IMS instruments such as Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometry (cIMS) and Structures for lossless ion manipulations (SLIM) is also discussed for the improvement of separation of isomers and increased predictive accuracy of CCS by machine learning models.
Crop Diseases in Uzbekistan Caused by the Species of the Genus Fusarium: An Overview
Authors: A. Khasanov Batyr , G. Sherimbetov Anvar , S. Adilov Bakhtiyor , A. Khakimov Albert
Published: December 2023

In Uzbekistan, plant diseases caused by Fusarium species are common. Some of them are the dominant pathogens of certain crops, causing economically important diseases such as wilts of cotton, melon, tomato and chickpea, root/crown rot of wheat, damping-off, root, crown or foot rot of pepper plants, vegetables and other crops. Reportedly, 26 Fusarium species cause root rot on wheat in Uzbekistan. An annotated list of 22 valid taxa is presented. As well, 26 Fusarium species or forms are reported on cotton. Of many Fusaria found on other crops, only a few credible reports have been analyzed. The composition of Fusarium species infecting crops still needs to be studied since their identification was based on morphology. Molecular identification started to be used recently, and so far, the results of some previous morphological identifications were confirmed, races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum and several Fusarium species causing root rot of wheat, bell pepper and hot pepper, chickpea, cowpea and soybean were identified. Undoubtedly, studies of Fusarium species, based on classical morphological methods and DNA analysis of informative genes, will be used more widely in the coming years, ensuring a reliable identification of species of this complex genus in Uzbekistan.
Perspective Chapter: The Economics of Biodiversity and a Pragmatic Science for the Development of the Amazon in the 21st Century
Authors: Luis Willerding André
Published: December 2023

The use of knowledge of nature based on science and technology should be the way to economically and socially just inclusion in a new model of development of the region, generated from local conceptions but integrated with the new demands of current and future societies of the planet. Therefore, it is necessary to improve a new economy based on innovation and the sustainable use of biodiversity to generate wealth for the Amazon region and avoid activities such as cattle ranching, soy and illegal logging. The Amazon is facing a major challenge between continuing to grow at relatively low rates with a high cost to the environment and a deep social depression, or changing this pattern of development and pursuing environmentally sustained and inclusive economic growth to ensure the supply of environmental goods and services on which the well-being of the planet depends.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Adult (MIS-A)
Authors: Eylül Bayram Yeter
Published: December 2023

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS) is a severe medical condition that can develop following a COVID-19 infection. It is characterized by widespread tissue inflammation, affecting various organs such as the heart, lungs, kidneys, brain, skin, eyes, and gastrointestinal system. A new medical condition emerged in children during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. This condition necessitated intensive care due to symptoms like fever, abdominal pain, heart failure, and shock, which could lead to fatal outcomes. This condition bore some similarities to Kawasaki disease and was named ‘Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)’ by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in April 2020. Subsequently, similar clinical conditions were reported in adults in June 2020, and this condition in adults was defined as ‘MIS-A.’ MIS-A primarily affects individuals aged 21 and older. It is characterized by persistent fever, multi-organ involvement, elevated markers of systemic inflammation, a history of exposure to SARS-CoV-2, and the absence of an alternative diagnosis. Early diagnosis of MIS-A is crucial, as a delayed diagnosis can be life-threatening.
Flow and heat transfer in graded porous media and its application in aeroengine cooling
Authors: Bai Xiaohui , Liu Cunliang , Nakayama Akira
Published: December 2023

In recent decades, many studies on flow and heat transfer in porous media have been conducted by researchers to take advantage of its high specific surface area and good heat transfer performance. What is more, the graded porous media have also drawn great attention since the graded arrangement enhances local heat transfer coefficient, so as to improve the overall heat transfer performance and temperature uniformity. The new forms of structure provide a new design of cooling system for some high-power heat sources, such as electronic components, compact heat exchangers, and hot components in aeroengine. In this chapter, the problems of channels filled with vertically graded porous media and axially graded porous media have been introduced, respectively. The flow and heat transfer characteristics of graded porous media have been studied based on porous media theory, considering the parameters of porosity, permeability, pore diameter, etc. The profiles of velocity and temperature vary with different porosity arrangements present. The maximum heat transfer coefficient was obtained for the case of high porosity at the center and low porosity near the wall. Furthermore, the possibility of application in the aeroengine cooling has been discussed.
Exploring the Use of Blockchain Technology in IoT Applications
Authors: Khvan Sergey , Caglar Kizilirmak Refik , Shafiee Mehdi
Published: December 2023

The integration of blockchain and IoT presents tremendous potential for unlocking new opportunities and capabilities. With additive decentralized features, businesses and individuals can benefit from increased security, transparency, and efficiency in various applications. This chapter first presents the technical aspects of this integration, including the role of smart contracts in decentralized IoT systems and how blockchain enhances the security, stability, and transparency of IoT networks. Then, a step-by-step tutorial for developing smart contracts and ledger on Ethereum blockchain is presented, particularly from the perspective of IoT nodes. The considered scenario is for an IoT device that writes/retrieves data from the blockchain; however, the presented methodology can easily be extended for different use cases.
Advancements in Shock Wave Lithotripsy: Pushing Boundaries with Innovative Technology and Techniques
Authors: Muhammad Nazim Syed
Published: December 2023

This chapter explores the significant progress made in shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) for the treatment of urinary tract stones. SWL, a non-invasive treatment modality that uses shock waves to break up stones, is widely employed for urolithiasis treatment. A comprehensive overview of the development of SWL, driven by innovative technology and refined techniques is highlighted. These advancements encompass improvements in lithotripter design, imaging methods, and treatment planning. Notable topics include modifications in shock wave generation, focusing and localization techniques, as well as the clinical application of high-frequency shock waves or ‘burst-SWL’ that may revolutionize treatment outcomes. The impact of these techniques on treatment effectiveness, stone clearance, safety, potential complications, and patient comfort are also discussed. Furthermore, it delves into the challenges and limitations associated with SWL, such as the importance of tailoring treatment protocols to individual patient needs and considering cost-effectiveness in the era of advanced endo-urology.
Synthesis of Polyethylene-Based Materials, Ion Exchanger, Superabsorbent, Radiation Shielding, and Laser Ablation Applications
Authors: Hakan Yilmaz Ahmet , Ortaç Bülend , Mutlu Saliha , Savaskan Yilmaz Sevil
Published: December 2023

Polyethylene (PE), ion exchangers and membranes, super absorbents, radiation shielding, and laser ablation are covered initially. In the second part, studies on polyethylene-based ion exchangers and membranes are given. Ion exchangers and membranes chemically modify copolymers to exchange ions in the electrolyte solution. The third segment covers research on polyethylene-based super absorbent copolymers and composites for water retention and heavy metal contamination removal. Super absorbent polymers are hydrophilic, water-insoluble polymers that absorb plenty of water. With their expansion capacity and user-friendliness, super absorbents are widely used in various fields such as biomedicine, drug distribution, personal care products, batteries, tissue engineering, construction, food packaging, heavy metal separation, electronics, cables, cosmetics, and agriculture. Polyethylene-based polymeric composites are used more to minimize radiation. PE’s high hydrogen concentration absorbs neutrons, making it a radiation shield. Block copolymers of polystyrene-b-poly-ethyleneglycol and boron nitride particles can make selenium dioxide a structural material and radiation barrier when paired with nanostructures. The fourth section examines the optical and conductivity properties of laser-ablated polyethylene nanocomposites with metal oxide nanoparticles. Laser ablation polishes metal, transparent materials, composites with surface and interior changes, and nanomaterials. Polymer laser ablation improves surface modification and thin layer deposition. Laser wavelength affects UHMWPE wettability.
Targeting “Immunoporosis” as a novel concept of Immunotherapy in the management and treatment of Osteoporosis
Authors: Pol Vardhan , Kaur Taranjeet , Bhardwaj Asha , Sapra Leena , Yadav Sumedha , K. Srivastava Rupesh
Published: December 2023

Osteoporosis is a skeleton disease characterized by low bone mass, bone tissue deterioration, and alterations in bone microarchitecture. It is estimated that there are more than 500 million patients worldwide who suffer from osteoporosis-related fractures. There are several risk factors for osteoporosis. These comprise common risk factors like aging and steroid deficiency, as well as specific risk factors such as glucocorticoid use, decreased bone quality, and modifications in bone microarchitecture. However, the pivotal role of the immune system in osteoporosis was initially sidelined in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis but has gained much attention in recent years. Current discoveries have highlighted the existence of a vast network of communication between bone and the immune system in the maintenance of bone homeostasis. Moreover, it is observed that the majority of first-line therapies currently used to treat osteoporosis have immunomodulatory potential thereby preventing bone resorption by regulating the “Immunoporotic axis.” Therefore, these findings would potentially lead to a dramatic shift in the treatment modalities for the management of inflammatory bone loss observed in osteoporosis. To emphasize the crucial role of the immune system in the pathology of osteoporosis, our group coined the term “Immunoporosis” in 2018. In this chapter, we will comprehensively review the pivotal role of the immune system in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Furthermore, we will discuss several novel immunomodulatory strategies that can be exploited for the management and prevention of osteoporosis.
Estimating Rice LAI Using NDVI: A Method for Plant Conservation Education
Authors: Kulkarni Rushikesh , Honda Kiyoshi
Published: December 2023

In the field of plant conservation, it has become increasingly important to incorporate advancements to make informed decisions and effectively monitor the situation. This chapter focuses on the use of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a tool derived from satellite observations like Landsat 8/9 and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) to estimate the Leaf Area Index (LAI) of rice, a staple crop. The LAI, which indicates the amount of leaf surface area for photosynthesis, plays a role in determining crop yield and overall health. By utilizing NDVI for LAI estimation we can monitor rice crops on a scale without methods enabling early detection of potential threats or deficiencies. Moreover, this chapter highlights how integrating satellite-based sensing into plant conservation education holds potential for advancing our understanding and practices in this field. While the focus remains on rice, the principles and techniques elucidated have broader implications, making them adaptable to diverse crops and vegetation types. As plant diversity continues to face challenges from various anthropogenic factors, leveraging technological tools like NDVI becomes indispensable. This chapter emphasizes the intersection of technology and conservation, offering insights into novel methodologies that hold promise for the future of plant diversity and conservation education.
Quantifying: Genetic Traits in Pinus wallichiana Seedlings in the Northwestern Himalayan
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , Monga Rajesh
Published: December 2023

Pinus wallichiana, commonly known as the Himalayan blue pine, holds significant ecological and economic importance in the northwestern Himalayan region. Understanding the genetic traits and variability within its seedling population is essential for sustainable forest management and conservation efforts. This study aimed to quantify and assess the genetic traits of Pinus wallichiana seedlings within a nursery environment situated in the northwestern Himalayas. Our research involved the collection and analysis of data from a representative sample of Pinus wallichiana seedlings from different sites in Himachal Pradesh in 2019–2020. Results revealed a diverse genetic pool with notable heritability for key traits, highlighting the potential for selective breeding and genetic improvement programs. Furthermore, our findings provide valuable insights into the adaptation and resilience of Pinus wallichiana to changing environmental conditions, which is crucial for addressing the challenges posed by climate change. The quantification of genetic traits in this study not only enhances our understanding of the species but also offers practical applications for forest managers and policymakers in the region. This research contributes to the broader context of forest genetics and underscores the importance of genetic conservation efforts for the sustainable management of Pinus wallichiana in the northwestern Himalayas.
Balance impairments in COPD
Authors: Ul Ain Qurat , Sajjad Yasha , Riaz Tahzeem
Published: December 2023

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (COPD) not only impacts pulmonary function but has deleterious impacts on musculoskeletal system and balance of patients. In any individual, balance is the result of interplay between musculoskeletal, neurological, and environmental aspects, and disturbance in any one or more can affect overall balance control. In COPD, balance impairments have been increasingly reported over the past few years. There are many multifactorial dimensions behind this rising trajectory. Berg balance scale, time up and go, single leg stance, and mini-balance evaluation system have been established as reasonable, valid, and effective tools for screening balance impairments in COPD. Additionally, amalgamation of balance training, tai chi exercises, and breathing exercises in a pulmonary rehabilitation regime have proven to be effective in improving balance and reducing fall risks in patients living with COPD.
Nested Sampling: A Case Study in Parameter Estimation
Authors: Keskin Fesih
Published: December 2023

Nested Sampling (NS) is a powerful Bayesian inference algorithm that can be used to estimate parameter posteriors and marginal likelihoods for complex models. It is a sequential algorithm that works by iteratively removing low-likelihood regions of the parameter space while keeping track of the weights of the remaining points. This allows NS to efficiently sample the posterior distribution, even for models with complex and multimodal posteriors. NS has been used to estimate parameters in a wide range of applications, including cosmology, astrophysics, biology, and machine learning. It is particularly well-suited for problems where the posterior distribution is difficult to sample directly or where it is important to obtain accurate estimates of the marginal likelihood. This study explores the potential of NS as an alternative to these traditional methods for Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation. Capitalizing on its strengths in handling multimodal distributions and dimensionality, we explore its applicability, practical application, and comparative performance. Through a simulated case study, we demonstrate the potential superiority of NS in certain challenging conditions. However, it also exposes computational intensity and forced antecedent selection as challenges. In navigating this exploration, we provide insights that advocate for the continued investigation and development of NS in broader signal-processing settings.
Radicalization: An Educational Approach
Authors: Melacarne Claudio , Slavutzky Marina
Published: December 2023

This chapter aims to discuss the possibility of applying educational principles of Transformative Learning Theory to understand and eventually prevent violent radicalization. To begin, keywords – radicalization, extremism, and terrorism – are briefly presented to draw and limit the spaces usable for understanding this complex debate. Next, some space is dedicated to the correlation between Transformative Learning Theory and radicalization. Finally, a short biography is used as a case study to describe how everyday life can generate an environment where people can learn how to think radically and eventually risk transforming these thoughts into violent acts.
Antibiotic Stewardship: How It Is Implemented in Primary Healthcare Facility
Authors: S. Handayani Rini , Pertiwi Vita
Published: December 2023

Antibiotic stewardship plays an important role in controlling antibiotic resistance. The problem of antibiotic resistance in primary healthcare has not been given much attention, so far, the focus has been on the hospital. Antibiotic resistance control needs to start from primary healthcare facilities such as community health centers, clinics, and independent doctor practices because patients who enter the hospital are often already resistant. Therefore, it is necessary to identify things that can be done to control antibiotic resistance in primary health care facilities. Things that can be done include making policies or regulations that support antibiotic stewardship in primary healthcare, optimizing available facilities and infrastructure, improving facilities that support antibiotic stewardship, increasing capable human resources, monitoring and evaluating antibiotic prescribing, and building system information on antibiotic resistance that is easily accessible to health workers in primary health care facilities.
Perspective Chapter: Prefabricated Single-Family House of Reinforced Concrete on Two Levels Prepared at the Foot of the Work and Built in a Short Time
Authors: Yorel Noriega Aquise Guillermo
Published: December 2023

A technical design of a prefabricated single-family house of reinforced concrete on two levels is developed, to serve and assist populations in need of housing and can also be used for populations in post-emergency circumstances, due to telluric causes, landslides, floods, and others, since it is required to replace destroyed houses in a short time. It exposes a production process of precast reinforced concrete elements, to be produced in the same place of the work, with a minimum of equipment and tools that exist in a small city. It is intended to establish a low-cost construction system with precast reinforced concrete elements, which will become a technological alternative to the traditional confined masonry construction. It presents six types of two-level houses. Likewise, it exposes the building process, the costs, and assembly of the building with prefabricated elements. The basic criterion is to manufacture the elements that do not exceed the capacity of the size of the manufacturing, transport, and assembly equipment. A simple process for assembly is examined, the lowest cost is determined, in terms of direct costs, and an analysis per square meter of building will be established.
Administració d'empreses : problemes resolts
Authors: Martínez Costa Carme , Ortega Rodríguez Josep
Published: December 2023

Carme Martínez és Doctora Enginyera Industrial i professora titular del Departament d'Organització d'empreses de la UPC. Imparteix diverses assignatures a l'Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona (ETSEIB), entre les quals destaca la d'Administració d'Empreses. La seva tasca professional, docent i de recerca se centra en el camp de l'organització d'empreses i en l'àmbit de la innovació tecnològica.//
Aquest llibre presenta un conjunt de casos pràctics d'administració d'empreses de tipus quantitatiu sobre decisions i situacions que afecten, de manera directa o indirecta, l'àrea economicofinancera de l'empresa.
L'objectiu és que serveixi com a material de suport als alumnes per tal que aprenguin els conceptes i les eines de camp de l'administració d'empreses, i que coneguin quines tècniques i models poden utilitzar en la presa de decisions empresarials.
La Calidad en el transporte público : experiencias en el área de Barcelona
Authors: Sala Schnorkowski Mercè
Published: December 2023

Este libro recoge las diferentes políticas de gestión de la calidad en las empresas de transporte público que operan en el área de Barcelona. Incluye también una introducción al concepto de calidad y las diferentes aproximaciones que ha tenido en el mundo empresarial y, en concreto, en las empresas de servicios. En el mercado de la filosofía orientadora de Xarxa Barcelona Qualitat, este libro quiere ser un punto de encuentro para la reflexión sobre métodos, técnicas e indicadores que ayudan a los gestores del transporte público a incrementar sus respectivos estándares de calidad.
Pandeo de estructuras de hormigón armado : ábacos
Authors: Maristany Carreras Jordi
Published: December 2023

El contenido del presente libro está distribuido en dos tomos: el primero de teoría y el segundo de carácter práctico. El primer tomo trata de recopilar la amplia información que actualmente existe sobre el fenómeno del pandeo de pilares aislados, información que luego se aprovecha para estudiar, fundamentalmente a través del método p-delta, el comportamiento de estructuras reticulares en general. Se dedica todo un capítulo a analizar las recomendaciones de las diferentes instrucciones sobre el particular, en concreto nuestra EH-91, las normas americanas ACI y el Eurocodigo. Se hace especial hincapié en el desarrollo del método de la columna-modelo, preconizado por el CEB, describiendo brevemente los fundamentos informáticos necesarios para luego poder interpretar correctamente los gráficos y programas presentados en el segundo tomo. En este último se adjuntan una serie de gráficos confeccionados a partir de la información del primer tomo, pensados para resolver casos prácticos de edificación. También se proporciona un programa informático que se sirve en disquete de 3,5, con manual de utilización incluido, que ha sido diseñado para que tenga un uso muy versátil y sea de fácil manejo. Todo ello viene aconpañado de numerosos ejemplos desarrollados que complementan la información anterior.
Transport marítim i ferrocarril : Maritim transport and railway
Authors: López Pita Andrés
Published: December 2023

El transport marítim és avui un dels models principals per al transport de mercaderies. Tanmateix, atesa la dispersió en què es troben, el seu accés als ports o des dels ports només es pot fer de forma eficaç per mitjà del ferrocarril. Aquesta obra analitza, en primer lloc, les tendències del transport marítim de llarga distància (Europa-Àsia) i l’ús de vaixells portacontenidors de dimensions cada vegada més grans (fins a 10.000 TEU). A continuació s’exposen els plans dels principals ports europeus (Rotterdam, Anvers, Le Havre, etc.) per potenciar-hi la presència del ferrocarril. Finalment, s’estudien les possibilitats del Port de Barcelona, quan disposi de la nova línia d’ample internacional entre Barcelona i Perpinyà.
Química per a l'enginyeria
Authors: Flaqué Lajara Concepció , Andreu Terrén Glòria , Cortés Izquierdo María Pilar , Puig Mayolas Llorenç
Published: December 2023

Uns bons fonaments són la base per assolir els coneixements necessaris per a ser un bon professional. La col·lecció Temes Clau hi vol contribuir oferint uns materials de conceptes bàsics de les matèries inicials d'enginyeria i d'arquitectura de la UPC.

D'una manera dinàmica i entenedora, pretén fer progressar l'estudiant pas a pas en els coneixements bàsics de la matèria que s'imparteix al primer curs, amb un sistema progressiu de teoria, problemes i exercicis proposats.

També vol ser un instrument valuós per a tots aquells alumnes que hagin oblidat o que no han assolit, per raó del camí curricular que han escollit, els coneixements conceptuals bàsics per a comprendre i seguir el curs que inicien.
Kadınların Kuşaklar Arası Cinsel Mit Düzeyleri
Authors: ATABEY Kader , TOLAN Esra , KUNDİ Nezihe Melike , ÜNVER Hacer
Published: December 2023

Giriş: Bu araştırma kadınlarda kuşaklar arası cinsel mit düzeyini belirlemek için yapıldı.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte yapılan bu araştırma Aralık 2021-Kasım 2022 tarihleri arasında yürütüldü. Araştırmanın örneklemini 268 kız öğrenci, 255 anne ve 129 anneanne oluşturdu (n=652). Veriler kişisel tanıtım formu ve cinsel mitler ölçeği ile toplandı. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede; sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, bağımsız gruplarda t testi ve anova analizi kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalamaları kızlarda 21.04±2.1, annelerde 48.16±5.23, anneannelerde 73.17±7.28 yıl olduğu belirlendi. Katılımcıların cinsel mit düzeylerinin kızlar için %61.23 (n=268), anneleri için %65.97 (n=255), anneanneleri için %74.93 (n=129) olduğu saptandı. Cinsellik ile ilgili bilgi sahibi olan kızların olmayanlara göre cinsel mit düzeyinin daha düşük düzeyde olduğu ve gruplar arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu bulunmuştur (p
Investigation of Deficiency of Serum Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Enzyme Level Around and in Mardin Province
Authors: DÜNDAR Ahmet
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a cytosolic enzyme, and the first enzyme to catalyze the pentose phosphate pathway. Our aim is to investigate the G6PD enzyme activity in Mardin province.

Methods: Our study was divided into subgroups according to gender, age, and G6PD levels. A total of 439 individuals, 168 females and 271 males, between the ages of 2 and 80 were included in the study. G6PD enzyme activity was measured by the photometric method using the AU5800 Beckman device.

Results: G6PD enzyme activity in the Mardin region was found to be 13.95±7.29 U/gHb. The mean G6PD enzyme activity in female patients was 14.22±6.98 U/gHb, and the mean in male patients was 13.78±7.48 U/gHb (p>0.05). When evaluated in terms of age, the G6PD enzyme activity was 14.93 (0.03-38.47) in patients aged 2-19, 13.76 (0.01-30.79) between 20-35 years old, 17.05 between 36-50 years old (0.13-27.21), 13.75 (0.05-26.99) U/gHb between 51-80 years old (p=0.301).

Conclusion: In our study, no significant difference was found between G6PD enzyme activity in terms of age and gender. G6PD enzyme deficiency was shown as 6% relative to the reference range. A deficiency of 6.5% in male and 3.5% in female was observed. This study is valuable in that it is the first study conducted in Mardin. There is a need for larger studies to support this study locally.
History of the Development of Islam in Turkey
Authors: Ine Musfiroh Saniyatunisa  , Hanifah Fikriani Dewi  , Hafizha Aditya Putri  , Iko Rizqonah
Published: December 2023

This article discusses Turkey which has developed rapidly for hundreds of years. Although the majority of the population is Muslim, Turkey has developed into a republic with a secular democracy. The history of the development of Islam in Turkey has made a country that constructs Islam as a rational religion. The first period begins with the establishment of the Ottoman empire, the second period is marked by the restoration of the empire, the third period is the ability of the Ottomans to defend their territory, the fourth period the empire subsides then progresses, the fifth period is the rise of Turkish culture and becomes a republic not based on empire, caliphate and dynasty.