bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Tensão acerca da Aplicação da Fenomenologia: Jaspers e a Psicopatologia Fenomenológica
Authors: Portugal Victor Luis Clavisso , Holanda Adriano Furtado
Published: February 2022

Do fato de que Husserl e o movimento fenomenológico preocuparam-se em fundamentalmente oferecer uma ciência transcendental que buscasse rigorosamente identificar as estruturas da experiência bem como a natureza do conhecimento, não surpreende que também outras disciplinas se interessassem em conhecer e aplicar algumas de suas propostas e resultados. Este debate, que desde os primórdios da fenomenologia já toma forma, hoje é atualizado em discussões tanto na psicopatologia fenomenológica contemporânea bem como no campo de pesquisa qualitativa que faz algum uso da fenomenologia. O presente artigo busca primeiramente apresentar a tensão existente ao longo do movimento fenomenológico acerca da possibilidade, validade e utilidade da fenomenologia fora da filosofia fenomenológica. Em seguida, argumentamos que, a partir dos exemplos de Jaspers e da corrente de psicopatologia fenomenológica clássica e contemporânea, é possível oferecer motivos suficientes para justificar tanto a possibilidade de um uso não-filosófico da fenomenologia, bem como sua proficuidade. Não cremos que os propósitos primordiais da filosofia fenomenológica sejam os de estabelecer e fornecer um framework para as várias outras disciplinas; entretanto, uma concepção mais compreensiva da ciência fenomenológica e de seu debatido histórico mostra que seus resultados e possibilidades apresentam-se frutíferos para as ciências, as quais hoje se contrapõem às diversas formas de reducionismo em diversos campos do conhecimento.
INTRODUCING PAYMENTS FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICES (PES) IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN:
Authors: A. Olimov Islomkhuja , I. Israilov Mukash
Published: February 2022

This article deals with the rational use of natural and land resources through the introduction of advanced technologies, including environmental service payments, its advantages and Tajikistan’s opportunities for implementing it. Environmental service payments are described as a source of funding for measures taken to improve the use of resources and to protect the environment. The implementation of PES projects brings the parties involved certain economic benefits. Most importantly, the use of resources contributes, rather than deteriorates, the environmental situation, hence the need to implement PES. The article presents issues relating to PES implementation, including legislative ones, as well as its advantages and disadvantages. A detailed description is given of the mechanism for introducing PES using the example of water-related PES. The article concludes with recommendations on how to improve the regulatory framework and the implementation of PES as an effective tool for sustainable resource use.
LEGAL ASPECTS OF GRANTİNG AND ENTRUSTİNG STATE GOVERNMENT TO THE LOCAL SELF GOVERNANCE
Authors: Khalilov Gadir
Published: February 2022

The article includes provisions of local self-government. In this aspect, ex­ceptional and entrusted powers of local self-government are distinguished. Both acts of international law and domestic legislation are in a mutual com­parison. Differences in terminology between Constitution of the Azerbaijan Republic and municipal legislation are noted and appropriate legal unification is being recommended. Empowering of local governments with certain state powers - is one of the forms of interaction between public authorities and local self-government, softening the rigid organizational and competency di­lution between the state and local government. To avoid the blurring of the constitutional model of local self-government, the issue of delegating powers to local authorities should be regulated in more detail.
PANDEMIC OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY:
Authors: Petrovich Garnov Andrey , Alekseevna Prodanova Natalia , Yuryevna Garnova Victoria , Yurievna Kamchatova Ekaterina , Ivanovna Zatsarinnaya Elena
Published: February 2022

The second half of the twentieth century - the era of the scientific and technological revolution, which brought a powerful rise in technocratic and scientist ideas, followed by the development of concepts of the information society, industrial society and post-industrial society. These concepts are specified in the theories of a consumption society, a leisure society, a technotron, technocratic and computerized society. The aim of the study is to consider the concept of technological determinism, which is considered panacea for all social diseases. The article reveals the main reason for the global crisis 2020. The study also determines that scientific and technological progress creates objective grounds for social progress, but, unfortunately, is not able to solve global problems at present. From the author's point of view, these problems themselves are determined not so much by the development of science and technology as by the form of ownership of the means of production. The era of scientific and technological revolution that
FEDERAL AND REGIONAL REGULATION OF INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN RUSSIA
Authors: Petrovich Garnov Andrey , Alekseevna Prodanova Natalia , Yuryevna Garnova Victoria , Vladimirovna Shabaltina Larisa , Ivanovna Zatsarinnaya Elena
Published: February 2022

In the modern world of integration and globalization of world markets, the importance of innovation in the economy and development in the general system of government at the federal and regional levels has increased significantly. The complexity of the tasks being solved requires the development of a modern theoretical and methodological basis for regional management, the formation of adapted organizational and economic, financial and budgetary and other forms and tools for managing innovation and investment attractiveness. The main goal of the study is to reveal the peculiarities of the functioning of regional innovation systems, describe the indicators and features that determine the specifics of each regional innovation system, consider the main methodological approaches to the formation and functioning of regional innovation systems, disclose the essence and possibility of applying general theoretical principles and indicators of state statistical reporting to analyze the innovative position of regions.
CREATION OF ECO HOTEL CONCEPTS:
Authors: L. Dukhovnaya Liliya
Published: February 2022

The relevance of the topic, as well as the development of the eco-activity in the hotel business is due to the fact that the formation of an ecological tourism product is impossible without the appropriate infrastructure. The popularity of the tourism cluster depends on a single concept that allows emphasizing its individuality and specificity, as well as the most efficient use of the recreational, natural, cultural and other potential of the region. Eco-hotels and complexes have firmly occupied their niche and found their regular customers, whose lists are updated every year. Eco-hotels are very popular among tourists in the USA and Europe. This is connected not only with the environmental activities of these hotels, but also with the list of additional services unique to each hotel. The ability to relax without harming the environment has become a major factor in the popularity of eco-hotels. The first place in the number of eco - complexes is rightfully occupied by the United States of America. In Russia, the popularity of eco-hotels is still questionable. Many hoteliers use the prefix "eco" in order to attract more guests, and in fact, their hotels have nothing common with the eco-hotel. This often damages the impeccable reputation of eco-hotels in the global market.
THE FORMATION OF THE RISK CONTROLLING SYSTEM IN THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: D. Bedrinets Myroslava , A. Lisnichuk Oksana , V. Ananieva Yuliia
Published: February 2022

Management of sustainable development of enterprises of any formation requires deploying risk management processes. The relevance of risk management is not in doubt, but the introduction of risk management methods is quite problematic if the processes of information base formation, analysis, planning and control of risks are not coordinated. At the enterprise, this function is provided by the risk-controlling system. The introduction of a financial risk management system based on the construction of financial risk controlling is an innovative step towards the introduction of a fundamentally new level of financial management at enterprises. In the paper the basic problems of risk management at the Ukrainian enterprises are analyzed, methodical approaches to the formation of the risk-controlling system at the enterprise are considered, recommendations on its introduction are formulated.
FACTORS OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARCTIC
Authors: N. Silin Anatoly , L. Belonozhko Marina , M. Oveian Myasnik
Published: February 2022

The relevance of the problem under study is conditioned upon the fact that at present, human capital constitutes the main factor in improving the socio-economic situation of the Arctic, ensuring the national security of the country, therefore it is very important to develop it. The problem of accumulation and use of human capital in the Arctic is caused by an insufficiently effective partnership of civil society entities, business and government, a low level of education of labour resources, competitiveness, and a low standard of living. The purpose of the paper is to develop recommendations for the development of human capital in the Arctic. The leading methods of researching the problematics of the paper include the analysis of theoretical sources, analysis of statistics, and comparison. Analysis of statistical indicators plays a crucial role in the study, since data on the development of human capital in the Arctic can be directly obtained from statistical databases. The article considers the essence of human capital, the identification of its components, the factors of its development, development issues, analyses the development of human capital in the Arctic, identifies the problems of human capital development in the Arctic, and develops ways to solve them. The materials of the paper are of practical value for the development of human capital in the Arctic or other regions of the country.
FOREIGNERS’ ACQUISITION OF IMMOVABLE PROPERTY IN THE FRAMEWORK OF LEGAL BASIS, SOCIOLOGICAL RISKS AND SUGGESTIONS
Authors: Dolunay Ayhan , Kasap Fevzi
Published: February 2022

Persons are not subject to citizenship or, in other words, states that they consider to be foreigners are subject to the rules / restrictions imposed on them by the state concerned if they wish to acquire immovable property in the territory of their sovereignty and where immovable acquisition of foreigners is possible in the country of the immovable. In our work, the issue of foreigners' acquisition of foreigners in the North Cyprus, which is regarded as a national issue in terms of the Turkish world. The concepts of "foreign" and "immovable" shall be defined first and then by considering the rules / limitations on the immovable acquisition of foreigners in the North Cyprus, the method of acquisition in accordance with law and the method of acquisition which is frequently applied and the territories of the North Cyprus. Far beyond, the Turkish Cypriot people; we will propose solutions to overcome this serious issue and the other negativities that have been identified by evaluating the acquisition method by cheating against the blood which may lead to "assimilation" of the Turkish people in the island
THE JUDICIALIZATION OF ABORTION:
Authors: Eidelwein Tamires , Eidelwein Silveira Gabriel , Cavalcante Moura Mariana , Regina Quaresma da Silva Denise
Published: February 2022

This research addresses the issue of the judicialization of social relations and the debate on the decriminalization of abortion based on the decision drawn up by Justice Barroso, at the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court, in habeas corpus 124.306 / RJ, compared to the leading case Roe v. Wade of the United States Supreme Court. It aims to study the main intersections between the arguments adopted in the famous decision in Roe v. Wade, and those developed at Justice Barroso’s opinion, in the aforementioned habeas corpus, in which our constitutional court recognized, although for different reasons, the same right affirmed in the paradigmatic case. This is a qualitative research, carried out through a deductive method and a bibliographic and documentary technical procedure. Thus, the first notes expose the main arguments of the case Roe v. Wade of the United States Supreme Court. Next, we speculated on fundamental rights and constitutional principles mentioned by the decision drawn up by Justice Barroso in the Habeas Corpus. Finally, we seek to understand the role of constitutional courts in the face of the provocations imposed on them by social changes, issues that, a priori, would be the responsibility of other branches of the government, such as the legislative and the executive. For the interpretation of judicial decisions, we adopted the content analysis procedure, identifying the central arguments of each of the considered decisions, for later comparison, in order to reconstruct their rationality and identifying whether and in what sense they corroborate the general hypotheses about the institutional and material transformations in the democratic regime
EDUCAÇÃ0 4.0:
Authors: Laryssa de Oliveira Agra Kamila
Published: February 2022

Esse trabalho busca compreender as novas mudanças no mundo globalizado e como isso se dá dentro do sistema de educação, que traz consigo novas abordagens de ensino com o ensino híbrido e a escola invertida, que são propostas que fazem uso das tecnologias ativas em sua prática. Desse modo, os alunos são expostos a aulas mais dinâmicas e interativas onde são despertadas neles habilidades como a criatividade e o senso-crítico, nesse modelo o aluno torna-se protagonista ativo e aprende de forma significativa. Foi feita uma pesquisa quantitativa, de caráter exploratório, com orientação analítico-descritivo, mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas com questões abertas e fechadas. Os sujeitos são professores da rede pública e privada de ensino da cidade de Caruaru – PE. Os entrevistados consideraram que quando colocados diante de uma situação onde o uso de tecnologias ativas é exigido de forma integral, como foi o caso vivenciado nesse ano de 2020 devido ao COVID-19, isso ainda se dá de forma desafiadora, e que não receberam formação adequada nessa área, tendo que buscar por si só a capacitação. As medidas sugeridas para que isso venha ser melhorado é promover mais reflexão sobre o assunto “tecnologias ativas na prática escolar” , desenvolvendo ações de capacitação e formação específica em áreas tecnológicas , fazendo uso de novas modalidades de ensino, revendo os papéis dos docentes ,discentes, assim como a estrutura física das escolas que podem promover mais interação social,  e da instituição escolar como um todo.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA PEDAGOGIA DE SCHOENSTATT NA PRÁTICA DOCENTE NO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Lopes Monteiro de Souza Gislaine , De Araújo Azevedo Jacy
Published: February 2022

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo apresentar a pedagogia de Schoenstatt que foi organizada pelo Padre José Kentenich na Alemanha no século XX fazendo uma analise de como as concepções do Padre Kentenich pode ajudar os professores em sua pratica docente na atualidade. A pedagogia de Schoenstatt tem por essência a transformação do homem despertando nele uma identidade livre, decidida e capaz de atuar na sociedade com suas potencialidades de forma integra, autêntica e dina exercendo suas responsabilidades sociais, morais e espirituais. A metodologia usada baseia-se em pesquisa bibliográfica que apresenta uma síntese sobre o surgimento da pedagogia de Schoenstatt. O artigo está organizado em seções. Na primeira seção trataremos um pouco da biografia do Padre José Kentenich e o surgimento da pedagogia de Schoenstatt. Na segunda seção faremos um relato das suas concepções filosóficas e pedagógicas fazendo um paralelo com as tendências pedagogias de Libâneo. Na terceira seção destacamos alguns lugares onde esta pedagogia é aplicada na atualidade.
GÊNERO E VOZ NA MÚSICA:
Authors: Carlos de Menezes Valter , Gabriell Fernandes Cruz Lucas
Published: February 2022

A voz é algo intrínseco a identidade e representa toda nossa história, marcada por experiências diversas, pelo espaço que crescemos e a cultura que nos cerca. Estes fatores acabam por contribuir com nossa construção enquanto indivíduo e a voz é a porta por onde afirmamos nossa própria identidade. Para a pessoa transgênero a sua voz reafirma sua verdade, sua identidade. O estudo em questão tem como intuito compreender o gênero, perceber a relação da voz com a identidade e reconhecer o gênero no espaço da música, em específico na prática do canto, atividade vocal a qual se utiliza da voz que muitas vezes é estereotipada por ideais do binarismo homem-mulher.
FREYRE POR QUINTAS:
Authors: Vieira Cavalcanti Luíza , Valdevino do Amaral Walter
Published: February 2022

Neste artigo, nos propomos a estabelecer uma análise da obra “Sexo à Moda Patriarcal: o feminino e o masculino na obra de Gilberto Freyre” (2008). Trata-se de um livro da antropóloga Fátima Quintas, no qual ela se propõe a analisar as relações entre homens e mulheres durante o período colonial descritas nas obras do sociólogo Gilberto Freyre. Quintas visa com o texto problematizar como se dá, não apenas as relações sexuais que se passaram numa sociedade falocêntrica, mas também, como são vistos e tratados os aspectos de feminilidade dentro do mesmo ambiente patriarcal. Ademais, através de sua leitura, também é possível identificar como Freyre é lido pela autora, bem como a relação que estabelece com ele. A partir de nosso estudo, portanto, buscaremos apresentar um parâmetro crítico sobre os levantamentos da autora e estabelecer interconexões entre a História, os estudos de gênero e a literatura acadêmica. Tomamos como aportes teórico-metodológicos para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, a historiadora Joan Scott e a filósofa Judith Butler, com suas contribuições aos estudos de gênero; e, o historiador Roger Chartier, para o estudo e compreensão da relação obra-autora.
O ACESSO À EDUCAÇÃO COMO PROCESSO DE RESSOCIALIZAÇÃO DE JOVENS INFRATORES:
Authors: Karla Barbosa de Freitas Vanilma
Published: February 2022

O acesso à educação de menores infratores que estão em processo de ressocialização é um assunto que traz muitas discussões, mas que ainda permanece como um entrave na educação brasileira. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho é compreender como ocorre o processo de acesso à educação desses menores infratores nas unidades socioeducativas e com isso poder analisar, através da literatura, o papel do Estado bem como da própria sociedade. Com isso, o trabalho se trata de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura, utilizando de fontes como Scielo, google acadêmico, leis e portarias para que possam embasar a pesquisa e responder aos objetivos de forma concisa e efetiva. Diante disso, foi possível perceber uma certa dificuldade de aceite da população com o jovem reincidente do delito cometido, além de uma dificuldade de assistência do Estado para garantir um amparo socioeconômico, psicológico e educacional para esse indivíduo, aliando, de forma clara, a educação como um dos alicerces para a mudança do indivíduo. Conclui-se então, que há a necessidade da criação de políticas públicas efetivas que vá ao encontro dessa problemática e uma educação popular que possa ampliar o entendimento do corpo social para a questão e que consequentemente rompa os estigmas arraigados na sociedade em relação ao jovem infrator.
A REALIDADE DOS PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DE UM MUNICÍPIO DO MARANHAO
Authors: Feitosa Aguiar Anarleth , Francisco Rodrigues Peres João
Published: February 2022

A Educação do Campo tem um vínculo com sujeitos sociais e com suas especificidades, exigindo do docente um trabalho diferenciado em relação a educação urbana, mediando o diálogo entre teoria e prática pedagógica, currículo e realidade do campo. Neste sentido, delineou-se como objetivo geral da pesquisa, analisar como as formações continuadas contribuem para o desenvolvimento da prática pedagógica dos professores que atuam nas escolas do campo, e como objetivos específicos identificar o perfil dos docentes que atuam do 6º ao 9º ano no ensino fundamental na escola do campo do município, investigar como são as práticas pedagógicas dos professores nas escolas do campo; compreender como estão sendo realizadas as formações continuadas para os docentes que atuam em escolas do Campo. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva de caráter qualitativo, o instrumental utilizado foi entrevista com professores, e observações não participantes no contexto escolar. Os encaminhamentos da pesquisa mostraram que os professores possuem formação para atuarem do 6º ao 9º ano, porém, trabalham com diversas disciplinas, com o intuito de completar a carga horária proposta pela secretaria, além disso, as formações oferecidas, não contribuem de forma significativa, pois não são voltadas a realidade do campo e docentes sentem-se excluídos, pois tudo é voltado para a zona urbana.
AS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS PARA EDUCAÇÃO DA PESSOA COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA)
Authors: Santos Machado Danielle
Published: February 2022

O processo de inclusão se faz primordial nos dias atuais. Muito ouvimos discorrer sobre isso. Dessa forma, esse trabalho se constitui de pesquisa bibliográfica a respeito do processo de uso de tecnologias digitais para a educação da pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Nosso objetivo é compreender como as tecnologias digitais podem auxiliar no ensino da criança com TEA. Para isso, procuramos artigos científicos em bases de dados que discorressem a respeito do assunto em questão. Abordamos aspectos da criança com TEA, inclusão na escola, bem como a questão da tecnologia para inclusão desses alunos no ambiente escolar.
O ENDOMARKETING E SUA PRÁTICA NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES
Authors: Gonçalves Soares Campos Lucas
Published: February 2022

O artigo tem como objetivo deste estudo é visualizar e entender a efetividade do Endomarketing como um caminho utilizado para superação dos desafios enfrentados nas organizações para direcionar seu time de colaboradores. Deste modo, a revisão bibliográfica e estudo a ser desenvolvido sobre as empresas selecionadas irão buscar contribuir com informações do universo do Endomarketing e da sua realidade em ambiente empresarial, procurando identificar os principais efeitos e consequências alcançadas em todas as suas fases. Embasado em um conjunto de autores, referências bibliográficas e entrevistas, visa complementar o debate sobre os benefícios da implementação do endomarketing nas organizações e seus efeitos práticos nos colaboradores das instituições, analisando como as estratégias do endomarketing podem impactar as organizações/colaboradores e agregar valor em seus resultados e na motivação/dominação dos seus colaboradores.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO E LETRAMENTO:
Authors: Pereira Paulino Patrícia
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho discute as temáticas da educação e os processos de ensino-aprendizagem de Jovens e Adultos ao longo da sua vida, tomando como recorte relações raciais, afrobetização e EJA no Brasil, considerando o que determina a Lei 10.639/03. Trata-se de um estudo que contempla a análise de indicadores, a pesquisa bibliográfica e os dados de experiências na EJA pensados à luz de Paulo Freire. Os resultados revelam que o Ensino para os Jovens e Adultos por ser constituído majoritariamente por negras e negros, é basicamente uma política afirmativa, que busca solucionar distorções e injustiças históricas. Para isto, é apontada a união da afrobetização e letramentos de (re) existências.
Variante ómicron de SARS-CoV-2. ¿El fin de la pandemia?
Authors:   Sociedad de Obstetricia y Ginecología de Venezuela, González-Blanco Mireya
Published: February 2022

No abstract
Factores asociados a dolores musculares y articulares en mujeres afrodescendientes climatéricas
Authors:   Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer, Monterrosa-Castro Alvaro , Romero-Martínez Geraldine , Monterrosa-Blanco Angélica
Published: February 2022

Objective: To estimate the frequency of muscle and joint pain and to identify if other menopausal symptoms, age, nutritional status, metabolic risk, and menopausal status were associated factors. Methods: A Cross-sectional study which is part of the CAVIMEC project (Calidad de vida en la menopausia y Etnias Colombianas) was carried out in climacteric Afro-descendant women, between 40 and 59 years old, living in the Colombian Caribbean. They were surveyed in their own residences, prior informed consent. The Menopause Rating Scale was applied, this instrument assesses menopausal symptoms. Logistic regression was performed and the Spearman correlation coefficient was estimated. P value<0.05 was statistically significant. Results: 420 women were studied, median age 50.0 ± 6.1, 22.8% postmenopausal and 82.8% with abdominal obesity. 243 (57.9%) had muscle and joint pain. All menopausal symptoms were more frequent among women with muscle and joint pain. Depressed mood OR: 4.20 (95 % CI:1.55-11.74), age 50-54 years OR: 3.68 (95 % CI:1.53-8.82), heart palpitations OR:3.00 (95 % CI:1.51-5.98), age 55-50 years OR: 2.48 (95 % CI:1.08-5.64) and hot flashes OR: 1.92 (95 % CI:1.11-3.31) were associated with muscle and joint pain. The same was identified with the abdominal circumference OR: 0.322 (95 % CI:0.233-0.405) and hip circumference OR: 0.318 (95 % CI:0.229-0.401). Conclusions: High frequency of muscle and joint pain was identified. Aging, psychological and somato/vegetative symptoms, as well as abdominal and hip circumference, were significantly associated with muscle and joint pain. Keywords: Climacteric, Menopause, Arthralgia, Ethnic Groups, African Continental Ancestry Group.
Estudio comparativo entre el índice proteína/creatinina en una muestra de orina al azar y proteinuria en 24 horas como método diagnóstico de preeclampsia
Authors:   Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo, Maternidad Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza., Díaz Colina Nahiliu Gabriela , Chiroque Parra Iralis Rosana , García Jocelyn , Villalobos Inciarte Noren Enrique
Published: February 2022

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of the Protein/Creatinine index (CPI) in a random urine sample, comparing it with 24-hour urine proteinuria, in patients with suspected pre-eclampsia. Methods: Cross-sectional study of a diagnostic test, random, comparative, observational, non-experimental, carried out between September 2018 - September 2019, at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of the Maracaibo University Hospital, Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza Maternity. 30 patients were selected. To determine the validity of the Protein/Creatinine index, the following were calculated: Sensitivity,Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value, positive and the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. The correlation between Protein/Creatinine index and 24-hour proteinuria was assessed using a two-way correlation plot and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results: The sensitivity of the Protein/Creatinine index was 90% and the specificity of 80%, with a Positive Predictive Value 90, and a Predictive Value negative 80, Positive Likelihood Ratio: 4,58, Negative Likelihood Ratio: 0.12. The Receiver Operating Characteristic curve indicated an area under the curve of 0.848, which means that there is an 84% probability that the Protein/Creatinine index was positive in proteinuria, with a cut-off point of 0.3. Conclusions: The Protein/Creatinine index is a reliable diagnostic tool that can easily be interpreted by trained health personnel, comparable to 24-hour proteinuria, with advantages such as saving time and easy interpretation. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Urine sample, Proteinuria, Creatinine.
A controlled in vitro study of the effectiveness of Tulbagia Violacea in herbal tincture and homoeopathic dilution (1X and 6X) against gram- positive and gram negative bacteria
Authors:   , Invernizzi Jonathan Reuben Rai
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect that Tulbagia violacea ethanolic herbal tincture, and Tulbagia violacea IX and 6X homoeopathic potencies, had 011 the in vitro growth inhibition of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus ourens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacil/us cereus respectively, as compared to a ethanol negative control. The final results were expressed as a ratio to the values obtained from gentamyein and vancomycin. Measurement was by means of the discdiffusion assay. For this study fifteen Mueller-Hinton agar plates were prepared and inoculated with each test bacteria in turn. Filter paper discs were individually inoculated with the sample substances and the control using a micropipette, before being allowed to air dry, One disc each of the Tulbagia violacea herbal tincture, 1X potency, 6X potency, ethanol control, as well as a gentamyein and vancomycin disc were placed equidistantly apart on each plate, The gentamyein and vancomycin discs were included in the experiment with the sole purpose of accounting for plate-to-plate variations in the pharmacological sensitivity of the same species of bacteria, The plates were incubated at 37\xB0C, and the zones of inhibitions measured with a pair of Vernier callipers at ] 8 hour, 24 hour and 36 hour intervals. Il Data entry and analysis was done using the SPSS\xAE statistical package, The Friedman test was used for intra-group comparison of each test or control substance at 18 hours, 24 hours and 36 hours. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the mean inhibition zones produced by the test and control substance after 18 hours, 24 hours and 36 hours of incubation. The tests were performed at a=O.05 (5%) level of significance, The results obtained were that the Tulbagia violacea herbal tincture, and IX and 6X nomoeopathic potencies did not produce a statistically significant inhibitive effect on
Homoeopathic treatment of osteoarthritis in terms of patient perception and clinical manifestations
Authors:   , Kaufmann Holton James
Published: February 2022

This clinical trial focused on evaluating homoeopathic simillimum treatment of hand osteoarthritis. Emphasis was placed on assessing changes in measurable clinical manifestations and participants pain perception related to this condition. A double-bl ind, placebo-controlled protocol was uti 1ized involving 30 participants chosen from respondents to advertising in the Durban newspapers. Participants were randomly assigned to receive homoeopathic simillimum or placebo treatment. Bilateral antero-posterior-, oblique- and lateral hand and wrist x-ray's were taken to diagnose osteoarthritis. Clinical evaluation utilized the following tools: 1. Collin dynamometer (hand grip-strength) 2. Finger goniometer (degrees of mobility) 3. Circumeter (joint circumference measurements) 4. Aesthesiometer (articular index of joint sensitivity) The lOl-point Numerical Rating Scale (Jensen et al. 1986) was used to test pain intensity and the Short Form McGi 11 pain questionnaire (Melzack 1987) was used to monitor participants pain perception. All tests and questionnaires were repeated monthly over the three month trial duration .
A comparison of the initial and short term effects of cervical spine adjustments and acetylsalicylic acid in the treatment of mild to moderate episodic tension-type headache and its recurrence
Authors:   , Kidson Mark Andrew Rex
Published: February 2022

Episodic tension-type headache is more prevalent than chronic tension-type headache (Schwartz, et al. 1998). The exact causes of episodic tension-type headaches are not known (Headache Classification Committee, 1988:30-31). Episodic tension-type headache and chronic tension-type headache have different characteristics. Thus the mechanism of episodic tension-type headache is still unclear, and should be studied separately from chronic tension-type headache (Kim, et al. 1995). Presently, studies conflict with regard to spinal manipulation and its efficacy in the treatment of episodic tension-type headache. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effectiveness of 500mg of acetylsalicylic acid as opposed to cervical spine manipulation for the treatment of episodic tension-type headache. It was hypothesized that manipulation would provide a significantly greater immediate and short-term benefit in comparison to acetylsalicylic acid. This study was conducted as a clinical trial at the Technikon Natal Chiropractic Day Clinic. Sixty patients presenting with episodic tension-type headaches were selected and randomly allocated into two equal groups. Patient's were provided with one of the two treatments at the initial consultation, and again upon a second consultation after a minimum 'washout period' of forty-eight hours, but within two weeks. Patient's in Group 1 received cervical spine manipulation, whereas patients in Group 2 received 500mg of acetylsalicylic acid. The subjective responses of each patient were recorded by means of the Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, the CMCC Neck
Chiropractic management of primary dysmenorrhea
Authors:   , Bromfield Bridget Francoise
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of chiropractic treatment in the management of primary dysmenorrhea. The sample consisted of 30 patients who were randomly assigned to 2 groups, the control and experimental. This single blind study consisted of 16 visits, twice a week for the first 4 weeks and thereafter once a week for the next 8 weeks. During a menstrual cycle, prior to commencement of treatment, the patients were required to complete a Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire on the last day of dysmenorrhea and a Numerical Pain Rating Scale 101 on each day of experienced menstrual pain. These questionnaires were completed at home. Treatment for the experimental group consisted of soft tissue massage of the lumbar and thoraco-lumbar paravertebral. musculature combined with spinal manipulative therapy of the areas of fixation in the' lumbar and sacra-iliac regions. The control group received purely soft tissue massage of the lumbar and thoraco-lumbar paravertebral musculature. The areas of fixation were determined by motion palpation, joint challenge and tenderness to spinal palpation. There was no follow-upvisit conducted in this study. An analysis of the data revealed a statistically signiflcant improvement in the experimental group in terms of the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (p=< 0,001) as well as for the control group (p=< 0,01), whilst in terms of the Numerical Pain Rating Scale 101 the experimental group showed an improvement (p=< 0,05) but the control group failed to show a significant change (p= 0,068).
A homoeopathic drug proving of Sutherlandia frutescens and a comparison between the homoeopathic drug proving symptomatology and existing indications of use
Authors:   , Webster Heather
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Sutherlandiafrutescens 30 CH on healthy individuals so that it may be prescribed according to the law of similars. It was also the purpose of this study to compare all existing indications of use of Sutherlandia frutescens to the proving symptomatology. This would allow a greater understanding of the plants spheres of action and would contribute to the formation of a comprehensive remedy picture by highlighting similarities and differences between the homoeopathic and traditional indications of use. The comparison also served to investigate whether Sutherlandia frutescens acts, in accordance with the fundamental law of homoeopathy, the law of similars, in traditional application. It was the intention of the study to shed light on the possible 'homoeopathicity', or not, of current traditional use of Sutherlandia frutescens, as opposed to overt pharmacology of phytochemicals. It was hypothesized that Sutherlandiafrutescens 30CH would produce clearly observable signs and symptoms in healthy provers. The second hypothesis was that the proving symptomatology of Sutherlandia frutescens 30CH would be similar to the existing indications of use. The homoeopathic proving was a double blind placebo controlled study conducted by four Master's in Technology: Homoeopathy students. A total of 24 subjects formed the proving group, 25% of whom (6 of the 24) were randomly assigned to the placebo group. The subjects were unaware of the substance they were proving and the potency of the substance to be proven. The provers also served as intra-individual controls by recording their state prior to the administration of the remedy, to provide a baseline for comparison after the administration of the remedy. Provers took one powder three times daily until proving symptoms appeared, but for no longer than 2 days i.e.: a maximum of 6 doses. Provers recorded their symptoms daily in a journal
The effect of stretching the hamstring muscles on low back pain in cyclists
Authors:   , Perkin Jonathan Charles
Published: February 2022

There have been few studies conducted to determine the effects of stretching as a therapy on its own in the treatment of low back pain. In response to this, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relative effectiveness of stretching the hamstring muscles on low back pain experienced by cyclists. Thirty two cyclists with low back pain were screened for lumbar facet syndrome, sacroiliac syndrome and myofascial pain syndrome of the quadratus Iumborum, gluteus medius and gluteus maximus muscles and randomly divided into two groups of sixteen. Detuned ultrasound was applied to the hamstring muscles of the patients in the placebo group twice a week for three weeks. Patients in the experimental group were involved in a stretching program whereby the hamstring muscles were passively stretched for three sets of thirty seconds duration, two days a week for three weeks. Both groups were evaluated in terms of subjective clinical findings by utilising the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, the Numerical Pain Rating Scale-101, and theti
Trientine hydrochloride (MAR-Trientine)
Authors: Reimbursement Team
Published: February 2022

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses trientine hydrochloride (MAR-Trientine) 250 mg capsules, oral.

Indication: For the treatment of patients with Wilson disease who are intolerant to penicillamine.
Overview on health research ethics in North Africa
Authors: Khyatti Meriem , Gihbid Amina , Marzouk Diaa , Abd El Aal Wafaa , Saleh Azza , Sleem Hany , El Messaoudi My Driss , Hemminki Kari , A Anwar Wagida
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this article is to overview the status of health research ethics in Morocco and NA countries, with reference to other Middle Eastern countries. The EU and NA Migrants: Health and Health Systems project (EUNAM) has supported the revision of the status of health research ethics in NA countries, by holding meetings and discussions to collect information about research ethics committees in Egypt, and revising the structure and guidelines of the committees, as well as reviewing the literature concerning ethics activities in the concerned countries. This overview has revealed that although efforts regarding health research ethics in NA countries need to be enhanced, in the form of establishment of more institutional ethics committees, noticeable efforts have been made to regulate research ethics in certain countries in the Middle East, This can be seen in the new regulations, which contain the majority of protections mentioned in the international guidelines related to research ethics. For most of the internationally registered research ethics committees in NA countries, the composition and functionality reflect the international guidelines. National Research Ethics laws and increased collaborative activities between these countries are crucial requirements. Furthermore, although there is growing awareness of research ethics in these countries, which extends to teaching efforts to undergraduate and postgraduate medical students, National guidelines for strengthening ethical review systems, as well as enhanced educational training of research ethics for investigators, are needed in this region.Keywords: health research, ethics, North Africa
The impact of selenium and magnesium on nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity following paraquat exposure in mice.
Authors: Onyeka Okafor , Ademola Oremosu , Airat Bakare
Published: February 2022

Exposure to Paraquat (PQ) has been linked to Parkinsonism in both experimental animals and humans. PQ is widely used among other herbicides in developing countries, where its safe use has been proven to be impossible. This action has resulted in farmers' fatal poisonings with PQ and threatens public health. The present study was designed to investigate the role of PQ induced neurotoxicity in the sustantia Nigra, striatal and cerebellar neurons in addition to the neuroprotective potentials of Selenium (Se) and Magnesium (Mg) in abrogating PQ-induced neurotoxicity in mice. We used rotarod test to access PQinduced motor coordination deficit in mice. We also determined: PQ-induced mild cognitive impairment using Morris water maze to check for spatial memory in mice, PQ-induced oxidative stress by investigating lipid peroxidation level of malonyl dialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) and measuring the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the brain of PQ-induced mice. The histomorphological outcome of the nigrostriatal neurons and cerebellum were also accessed in PQinduced experimental mice. Immunoreactivity of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons to thyroxine hydroxylase (TH) was accessed to determine dopamine loss in the nigrostriatal neurons. In addition, we determine selenium and magnesium's antioxidative effect on paraquat-induced Parkinsonism in mice by checking their effects on motor coordination, cognition, MDA, SOD, CAT, and GSH levels and assessing their ameliorating effect on dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal system and in cerebellar neurons using both the neurons' histomorphological outline and their affinity to TH. Generally, our results showed that PQ induces Parkinsonism in mice by inducing oxidative stress, degenerative cell death in the SNpc, striatum, and cerebellum and by inducing dopamine depletion in SNpc and striatum which resulted in motor and cognitive deficits. Se and Mg also proved to be good antioxidants ameliorating PQ-induced neurodegenerative effects but combine dose of Se and Mg caused further neuronal degeneration on PQinduced mice. Se and Mg may be promising therapeutic targets for PD management in addition to L-dopa treatment since patients from developing countries may not afford deep brain stimulation (DBS) and optogenetics used in the management of PD.Keywords: Paraquat, Parkinsonism, Selenium, Magnesium, Oxidative stress, sustantia Nigra, striatum, cerebellum, motor coordination, cognition.
Spontaneous hematomas of the posterior cerebral fossa: about 5 cases
Authors: ELHAIRECH Dahmane , KANAZY Saloua , LMEJJATI Mohamed
Published: February 2022

Spontaneous posterior fossa hematoma is defined as an intra-parenchymal hemorrhage that occurs suddenly following a spontaneous rupture of an artery or an arteriole. The objective of this work is to evaluate the prognosis of this pathology in our context compared to the data in the literature. Method and results: Our work is a retrospective study of 05 cases collected over a period of 4 years. The symptomatology for which the patients consulted varied: intracranial hypertension syndrome, neurological deficit. The positive diagnosis is made by cerebral CT scan and in view of the suspicion of a ruptured arteriovenous malformation, we recommended an arteriography in all patients but it was only performed in 2 patients. The surgical or abstentionist management was much discussed on a case-by-case basis. The outcome was favorable in 2 patients, 1 of whom had some neurological disorders. The study of data from the literature show that among the risk factors we find age, state of consciousness, the volume of the hematoma, ventricular flooding and whatever the therapeutic decision the extremely serious forms are always lethal.

Keywords:  hematoma, posterior cerebral fossa arteriovenous malformation, surgery
The impact and causes of delayed diagnosis of epilepsy: experience of 3rd level hospital, Marrakech (Morocco)
Authors: BOUDANGA Assma , CHRAA Mohamed , CHAQDA Mustapha , Kissani Najib
Published: February 2022

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease and one of the most common neurological disorders in the world, affecting approximately 69 million people worldwide. In Morocco, although epilepsy is treatable, about ¾ of epileptics do not receive treatment.

The objective of our study is to specify the frequency of the delay in the diagnosis of epilepsy among patients in Marrakech, and to clarify the reasons for this delay and its impact on the evolution of the disease.

Patients and methods: This is a retrospective study conducted on a sample of 152 patients from the neurology department at the CHU Mohammed VI of Marrakech from 2016 to 2019.  We collected biographical data, clinical history, and age of first seizure, date of first consultation, use of maraboutic methods and outcome of patients.

Results: Of the 152 patients in this study, 72% were diagnosed late and were predominantly male. The age of the patients was between 18 and 39 years. The median time to diagnosis was 6 years. 15.3% of patients were diagnosed one year after the first attack, while 35% were diagnosed more than 6 years later. Half of our patients benefited from maraboutic methods.

Conclusion: Cultural and socio-economic status is an important factor in our study. Therefore, epilepsy is still considered a major public health problem that requires increased efforts.

Keywords: epilepsy, antiepileptic, treatment delay.
Guillain-Barré syndrome post Covid-19 vaccine: Two case reports
Authors: Benlamkadam S. , Zakaria Y. , Louhab N. , Kissani N.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute polyradiculoneuropathy which is immune-mediated. It is potentially life-threatening due to respiratory involvement and dysautonomia.  It is commonly reported as an adverse event after Campylobacter jejuni infection and following vaccination.

Methods: We report two cases of GBS occurring following reception of the first dose of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine.

Cases description: First case of a 70-year-old woman, presenting progressive, symmetric, ascending flaccid tetraparesis with bladder dysfunction which occurred three weeks after the first dose of AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine. The cerebrospinal fluid showed an albuminocytologic dissociation; electrophysiological studies showed an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. The second case was a 68-year-old woman, presenting three weeks after the first dose of the AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine, a progressively descending, symmetrical and synchronous tetraplegia, preceded 4 days before by diffuse headaches with involvement of multiple cranial pairs and bladder dysfunction. The cerebrospinal fluid showed an albuminocytologic dissociation, electrophysiological studies showed an acute inflammatory axonal and demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.

Conclusion: Many cases of GBS after vaccines have been reported including one case following the Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine, yet the pathophysiological mechanisms are not completely elucidated.

Keywords:  Guillain-Barré syndrome, Adverse event, Covid-19 vaccine.