bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ocio y procesos educativos en el contexto del movimiento de los trabajadores rurales sin tierra (MST) de la región de ribeirão preto – sp – Brasil (Leisure and educational processes in the context of the movement of rural landless workers (MST) in the re
Authors: Amaral de Silva Robson , Gonçalves-Junior Luiz , Pazos Couto Jose Maria
Published: September 2020

El objetivo central de este estudio fue comprender el significado atribuido al ocio en la percepción de los integrantes del Movimiento de los Trabajadores Rurales Sin Tierra (MST) de la región de Ribeirão Preto, interior del estado de São Paulo, Brasil, y describir procesos educativos emergentes de esa práctica social en áreas de reforma agraria ocupadas por estos/as trabajadores/as. La metodología utilizada fue de naturaleza cualitativa inspirada en la fenomenología existencial, para la recogida de datos se utilizaron diarios de campo. Para el análisis de resultados construimos dos categorías: A) Ocio como tiempo-espacio de lucha del MST; B) Apropiación desigual del ocio por las mujeres del MST. La práctica social del ocio en el MST es un tiempo-espacio de lucha, no fragmentado de otras luchas del Movimiento, que además de la tierra, lucha también por mejor educación, salud y ocio. Percibimos la contestación de la actual estructura societaria y sus imperativos en la práctica social del ocio en el cotidiano de los/as trabajadores/as rurales con que convivimos en la investigación, pero contradictoriamente, algunas experiencias reprodujeron valores hegemónicos de la sociedad neoliberal.Abstract. The main objective of this study was to understand the meaning attributed to leisure in the perception of the members of the Movement of the Landless Rural Workers (MST) of the Ribeirão Preto region, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and to describe educational processes that allowed that social practice in areas of agrarian reform occupied by these workers. The methodology used was of a qualitative nature inspired by existential phenomenology. Field journals were used for the data collection. For the results, we constructed two categories: A) Leisure as time-space of struggle of the MST; B) Unequal appropriation of leisure by women of the MST. We consider that social practice of leisure in the MST is a time-space of struggle, not shared with other struggles of the Movement, which besides the land, also fights for better education, health, and leisure. We perceive the answer of the current societal structure and its imperatives in the social practice of leisure in the daily life of the rural workers with whom we live, but contradictorily, some experiences reproduced hegemonic values of the neoliberal society.
Producción científica de las universidades mexicanas en el área de la Cultura Física: una revisión sistematizada (Scientific production of Mexican universities in Physical Culture: a systematized review)
Authors: Candia Lujan Ramón , De León Fierro Lidia Guillermina , Carrasco Legleu Claudia Esther , Ortiz Rodriguez Briseidy , Candia Sosa Kevin Fernado , Guedea Delgado Julio César
Published: September 2020

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la producción científica en el área de la Cultura Física publicada por parte de las universidades públicas mexicanas. Se llevó a cabo una revisión en la base de datos Scopus. Del total de universidades públicas estatales mexicanas, 20 cuentan alguna licenciatura relacionada con la cultura física. La búsqueda se limitó a artículos, revisiones y artículos en prensa de 1990 a 2018. Se encontró que la producción total de documentos fue de 258, en 48 hubo colaboración nacional y en 156 internacional. En la mayoría de los documentos un investigador de estas instituciones fue el autor principal y/o de correspondencia del documento. De forma particular sobresalen la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, la Autónoma de Nuevo León y la de Guadalajara como las principales productoras en el área. Se concluye que durante estos 28 años la producción científica en el área es escasa. Abstract. The aim of the present study was to analyze the scientific production in the area of Physical Culture published by Mexican public universities. A search was carried out in the Scopus database. Of the total of Mexican state public universities, 20 offer degrees related to physical culture. The review was limited to articles, reviews, and press articles from 1990 to 2018. The total of produced documents was 258, 48 implying national collaboration whereas 156 international. In most of the documents, an investigator from these institutions was the main and / or correspondent author of the document. Particularly noteworthy are the Autonomous University of Chihuahua, the Autonomous University of Nuevo León, and Guadalajara University as the main producers in the area. As a conclusion, during these 28 years, scientific production in the area have been scarce.
Adaptación al español del cuestionario de autoeficacia para regular el ejercicio (Spanish adaptation of the self-efficacy questionnaire to regulate exercise)
Authors: Fuentes Vega María De los Angeles , González Lomelí Daniel
Published: September 2020

La presencia de la actividad física-deportiva en la vida social, ha llevado a las Ciencias Sociales a estudiar este fenómeno desde lo social, lo económico y lo cultural; aportando así a las disciplinas de las áreas biológica y de la salud. El objetivo de esta investigación fue traducir al español, adaptar y validar en el escenario mexicano el cuestionario de autoeficacia para regular el ejercicio de Bandura en estudiantes universitarios. La muestra del estudio fue de 241 estudiantes de Psicología (60.2%) y de Trabajo Social (39.8%) de una universidad pública en el noroeste de México, elegidos a través de un muestreo no probabilístico, de los cuales 88% fueron mujeres. El 30.3% de la muestra cursaba el segundo semestre, 24.1% tercer semestre, 15.4% cuarto semestre, 17.4% quinto semestre, 1.7% sexto semestre y 11.2% séptimo semestre, al momento de la aplicación. En los resultados el análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) reveló adecuados valores de bondad de ajuste teórica y práctica. El factor de autoeficacia para regular el ejercicio quedó conformado por siete variables manifiestas. El análisis de consistencia interna posterior al AFC arrojó un alfa de .84. Se puede concluir que la versión en español del cuestionario de autoeficacia para regular el ejercicio adaptada al contexto mexicano con estudiantes universitarios, es un instrumento fiable y válido que puede aplicarse a muestras similares. Abstract. The presence of physical-sports activity in social life has led social sciences to studying this phenomenon from a social, economic, and cultural point of view, contributing to the disciplines of biological and health areas. The purpose of this research was to translate, adapt, and validate the questionnaire for self-efficacy to regulate the practice of Bandura in university students from a Mexican context. The participants were 241 students (88% women) enrolled in the psychology (60.2%) and social work programs (39.8%) from a public university in northwestern Mexico. Participants were chosen through non-probabilistic sampling. They were divided among the following semesters: 30.3% in second semester, 24.1% in third semester, 15.4% in fourth semester, 17.4% fifth semester, 1.7% sixth semester, and 11.4% in seventh semester at the time of the application. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed values of goodness of theoretical and practical adjustment. The self-efficacy factor to regulate exercise was composed by seven manifest variables. The internal consistency analysis after the CFA yielded an alpha of .84. It can be concluded that the Spanish version of the questionnaire of self-efficacy to regulate exercise adapted to a Mexican context with university students, is a reliable and valid instrument that can be applied to similar participants or contexts.
Participación ciudadana en la elaboración de las políticas públicas de actividad física y deporte: el caso de Chile (Citizen participation in the elaboration of public policies for physical activity and sports: the case of Chile)
Authors: Castillo-Retamal Franklin , Matus-Castillo Carlos , Vargas-Contreras Camilo , Canan Felipe , Starepravo Fernando Augusto , Bássoli de Oliveira Amauri Aparecido
Published: September 2020

El objetivo del trabajo es presentar los procesos de participación ciudadana que el Estado chileno ha implementado para elaborar la reciente política pública nacional de actividad física (AF) y deporte, considerando el desarrollo histórico de la institucionalidad deportiva del país. Se utilizó la metodología cualitativa descriptiva, utilizando como procedimientos la revisión bibliográfica y la técnica de análisis documental. El trabajo permite indicar que existe un avance en el tratamiento de las políticas públicas en deporte y recreación en Chile, toda vez que en la elaboración de las mismas han participado diferentes carteras ministeriales, organizaciones sociales y personas naturales. Se concluye que, a partir de la incorporación, apropiación y desarrollo del deporte moderno en Chile, se observan esfuerzos desde el aparato público por generar espacios de participación y monitoreo del deporte y sus manifestaciones, teniendo como corolario, la actual Política Nacional de Actividad Física y Deporte, vigente entre los años 2016-2025, inclusive.Abstract. The aim of this work is to show citizen participation processes that the Chilean State has implemented to elaborate the current national public policies for physical activity and sports, considering the historical development of the country's sports institutions. The qualitative descriptive methodology was used, performing literature review and documentary analysis technique as the procedures. The work indicates that there is an improvement in the elaboration of public policies in sports and recreation in Chile when different ministerial cabinets, social organizations, and natural persons participated in it. It is concluded that, from the incorporation, appropriation, and development of modern sport in Chile, efforts are observed from the public apparatus towards generating spaces for participation and monitoring of sports and its manifestations, keeping the current National Physical Activity and Sport Policy, in force between 2016-2025, as a corollary.
Hibridando el Aprendizaje Cooperativo, la Educación Aventura y la Gamificación a través de la carrera de orientación (Hybridizing Cooperative Learning, Adventure Education, and Gamification through orienteering races)
Authors: Lamoneda Prieto Javier , González-Víllora Sixto , Fernández-Río Javier
Published: September 2020

La práctica de actividad física en el medio natural no garantiza la formación de los estudiantes, ya que puede reducirse a aprendizajes técnicos o a la facilitación de sensaciones placenteras. El presente artículo aporta una propuesta de innovación educativa, cuyo objetivo es adaptar la normativa de la carrera de orientación al ámbito escolar; se promueve el desarrollo de habilidades sociales e inter-personales, así como el conocimiento, la preservación y la valoración de la riqueza del medio natural. Para ello, se ha hibridado la Educación de Aventura, por tratarse de un aprendizaje experiencial, con el Aprendizaje Cooperativo, al promover las conexiones interpersonales y la Gamificación, al aportar de forma lúdica una distribución de roles de trabajo y el empleo de nuevas tecnologías en la autoevaluación. Se muestran orientaciones prácticas para la intervención educativa tanto en la normativa (objetivos, participantes y el protocolo de inicio de prueba), en el uso de materiales y espacios (incorporando materiales autoconstruidos: educación al consumo; apps móviles: educación adecuada de las nuevas tecnologías), como en el sistema de evaluación formativo y compartido.Abstract. Physical activity practice in the outdoors does not guarantee students’ learning, since it can be reduced to technical skills or pleasant sensations. This article presents an educative innovation proposal, which aims to adapt the rules of orienteering races to the school environment; it promotes the development of social and interpersonal skills, as well as the understanding, preservation, and appreciation of the richness of the outdoors. To achieve it, Adventure Education, experiential learning, has been hybridized with Cooperative Learning, promoting interpersonal connections, and Gamification, providing a playful distribution of roles and the use of new technologies for self-assessment. Practical guidelines are presented to guide an educational intervention both in the regulations (objectives, participants, and beginning protocol), in the use of materials and spaces (incorporating self-constructed materials: consumer education; mobile apps: appropriate instruction in new technologies), and in formative and shared assessment.
Fuerza explosiva de tren inferior en karatekas juveniles de élite. Influencia del género y horas de entrenamiento (Lower limb explosive strength in elite youth karatekas. Influence of gender and hours of training)
Authors: Hellín Martínez Marta , García Jiménez José Vicente , García Pellicer Juan José
Published: September 2020

La fuerza explosiva de los segmentos inferiores tiene un importante papel en los karatekas. Para su medición, los tests de salto Abalakov (ABK) y el salto con contramovimiento o Countermovement Jump (CMJ) son los más aceptados en las investigaciones. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las horas de entrenamiento semanal y los resultados obtenidos en el salto vertical CMJ y ABK de 28 karatekas de categoría juvenil españoles (15 hombres y 13 mujeres), con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y 13 años, todos ellos participantes en la fase final del Campeonato de España de Karate. Se compararon los resultados en función del sexo por medio de la prueba T de Student, así como se realizó el ANOVA para conocer la relación entre el IMC y los resultados en los saltos. Para conocer la correlación entre horas de entrenamiento y los valores de fuerza explosiva se empleó la prueba Rho de Spearman. Los valores de horas de entrenamiento semanales son superiores en las chicas (horas de entrenamiento= 10.46 ± 3.04) frente a los chicos (horas de entrenamiento= 6.16 ±3.19). Los chicos tienen mayores valores medios en los resultados del salto CMJ (chicos 0.31 ±0.57; chicas 0.28 ±0.03) y ABK (chicos 0.35 ±0.06; chicas 0.33 ± 0.06). No existen diferencias significativas en los datos de salto CMJ y ABK en función del sexo de los karatekas. Abstract. Explosive strength of the lower segments plays an important role in karatekas. For its measurement, the Abalakov jump (ABK) and the counter-motion jump or Countermovement Jump (CMJ) are the most accepted test in research. The objective of this research work was to describe and analyze the results in CMJ and ABK tests of 28 Spanish youth category karatekas (15 boys and 13 girls), aged between 12 and 13 years, all of them participating in the final phase of the Spanish Karate Championship. Results were compared by gender using the Student's T test, as well as ANOVA was performed to assess the relationship between BMI and results in the jump tests. The Spearman Rho test was used to evaluate the correlation between training hours and explosive strength values. The values of weekly training hours are higher in girls (training hours = 10.46 ± 3.04) compared to boys (training hours = 6.16 ± 3.19). Boys have higher average values in CMJ jump results (boys 0.31 ± 0.57; girls 0.28 ± 0.03) and ABK (boys 0.35 ± 0.06; girls 0.33 ± 0.06). There are no significant differences in CMJ and ABK jump data by gender of the karatekas.
Ciência e Educação Física no Brasil: Análise das Citações Utilizadas nos Artigos das Subáreas Biodinâmica do Movimento e Sociocultural e Pedagógica (Ciencia y Educación Física en Brasil: Análisis de las Citas Utilizadas en los Artículos de los Sub Campos
Authors: Carneiro Felipe Ferreira Barros , Ferreira Neto Amarílio , Dos Santos Wagner
Published: September 2020

Resumo. Objetiva investigar o consumo da literatura científica pelos pesquisadores da Educação Física brasileira que publicaram nos principais periódicos desse campo científico. De caráter bibliométrico o estudo analisou o tipo documental, a vida média e a obsolescência de 17013 registros listados nas referências de uma amostra de 600 artigos publicados entre os anos de 2005 e 2016, comparando as subáreas da Educação Física: Biodinâmica do Movimento e Sociocultural e Pedagógica. Conclui-se que as duas subáreas tem predominância no uso de artigos como referencial teórico, metodológico e/ou fontes, apresentando vida média da literatura de tipo clássico-efêmero e taxas de obsolescência bastante semelhantes. Além disso, aponta para um processo de equiparação entre as subáreas no que diz respeito ao consumo da literatura em razão de uma mudança na cultura científica da Subárea Sociocultural e Pedagógica impulsionada pelos critérios de avaliação científica praticados na Área 21 pela Capes.Abstract. It aims to investigate the consumption of scientific literature by Brazilian Physical Education researchers who published in the main journals in this scientific field. Bibliometric in character, the study analyzed the documental type, half-life and obsolescence of 17013 records listed in the references of a sample of 600 papers published between 2005 and 2016, comparing the sub-areas of Physical Education: Biodynamics of Movement and Sociocultural and Pedagogical . It is concluded that the two sub-areas have a predominance in the use of articles as theoretical, methodological and / or sources, presenting a half-life of the classic-ephemeral type of literature and obsolescence rates quite similar. In addition, it points to a process of equalization between the subareas with regard to the consumption of literature due to a change in the scientific culture of the Sociocultural and Pedagogical Subarea driven by the scientific evaluation criteria practiced in Area 21 by Capes.
Condições sociais de emergência de um subcampo esportivo: o caso do parkour (Social conditions of emergency of a sportive subfield: the case of parkour) (Condiciones sociales de emergencia de un subcampo deportivo: el caso del parkour)
Authors: Fernandes Alessandra Vieira , Oliveira Vinicius Machado de , Pimentel Giuliano Gomes de Assis , Souza Juliano De
Published: September 2020

Resumo: Esse artigo analisa a constituição histórica do subcampo esportivo do parkour sob a perspectiva teórica de Pierre Bourdieu. Remete-se à uma abordagem sociológica de caráter descritivo-analítico, cujo material empírico expressa-se na produção online dos praticantes. Em linhas gerais, o processo de desenvolvimento do parkour evidencia a influência da midiatização dos bens culturais e a incorporação de elementos da lógica esportiva que produziram transformações na estruturação da modalidade e no habitus dos agentes. O surgimento de instituições reguladoras, programas de profissionalização e competições introduziram e acentuaram uma distinção entre amadores e profissionais, configurando relações de poder no interior da prática. Abstract: This article analyzes the historical constitution of the sports subfield of parkour under the theoretical perspective of Pierre Bourdieu. It refers to a sociological approach of a descriptive-analytical character, whose empirical material is expressed in the online production of practitioners. In general, the development process of parkour evidences the influence of the mediatization of cultural goods and the incorporation of elements of the sports logic that have produced transformations in the structure of the modality and in the habitus of the agents. The emergence of regulatory institutions, professionalization programs and competitions have introduced and accentuated a distinction between amateurs and professionals, configuring power relations within the practice.Resumen: Este artículo analiza el desarrollo histórico del subcampo deportivo del parkour de acuerdo con la perspectiva teórica de Pierre Bourdieu. Se hace referencia a un enfoque sociológico de carácter descriptivo-analitico, cuyo material empírico se expresa en la producción online de los practicantes. En general, el proceso de desarrollo del parkour muestra la influencia de la cobertura mediática de los bienes culturales y la incorporación de elementos de la lógica de los deportes que produjeron cambios en la estructura de la modalidad y en el habitus de los agentes. La aparición de instituciones reguladoras, programas de formación profesional y competiciones, introdujeron y ampliaron la distinción entre los amateurs y profesionales, estableciendo relaciones de poder dentro de la práctica.
Diferencias de género en el perfil y los hábitos de practicantes de actividades en el medio natural (Gender differences in the profile and habits of practitioners of outdoor activities)
Authors: Martín Talavera Laura , Mediavilla Saldaña Lázaro
Published: September 2020

Los estereotipos de género aún se pueden palpar en el medio natural, pues siguen existiendo determinantes culturales, de tipo sexista, que influyen a la hora de practicar actividades físicas en la naturaleza. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el perfil de los practicantes de actividades en el medio natural, las características y los hábitos de práctica identificando las posibles diferencias de género existentes. La metodología empleada ha consistido en la realización de una encuesta  mediante la distribución del cuestionario “Análisis del perfil de los usuarios-visitantes del medio natural” a una muestra aleatoria de practicantes en la Comunidad de Madrid (n=156; 38,5% mujeres y 61,5% hombres). Los resultados mostraron como la proporción de varones que declararon practicar modalidades de carácter más comprometido fue superior a la de las mujeres. Sin embargo, no se reflejaron diferencias significativas en relación al motivo de práctica. En base a los resultados, se puede concluir que la proporción de mujeres en el ámbito de las actividades en el medio natural aún sigue siendo menor y que es existen diversas diferencias significativas entre el colectivo masculino y el femenino en lo relativo al perfil y a los hábitos de los practicantes de este tipo de actividades.Gender stereotypes can still be felt in outdoor activities, as there are still cultural determinants of a sexist nature that influence the practice of physical activities in nature. This study aims to analyse the profile of practitioners of outdoor activities, the characteristics and habits of practice identifying possible gender differences. The methodology used consisted of carrying out a survey through the distribution of the questionnaire “Análisis del perfil de los usuarios-visitantes del medio natural” to a random sample of practitioners of activities in the natural environment in the Community of Madrid (n=156; 38.5% women and 61.5% men). The results showed that the proportion of men who reported practicing more committed modalities was higher than that of women. However, there were no significant differences in the reason for practice. Once the results have been analysed, it can be concluded that the proportion of women in the field of outdoor activities is still lower and that it is possible to establish that there are several significant differences between the male and female groups with regard to the profile and habits of the practitioners of this type of activities.
Current trends in the sanitary-epidemiological situation on the incidence of occupational brucellosis
Authors: Bezrukova Galina A. , Shalashova Mariya I. , Spirin Vladimir F.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Brucellosis belongs to zooantroponoses, the relevance of which is connected with widespread in several regions of the Russian Federation and the unfavorable employment outlook for cases of persons.Material and methods. Based on updated data, the modern trends of the sanitary-epidemiological situation on the incidence of occupational brucellosis in the Federal districts of Russia, including occupational cohorts, conditions, diagnosis, and occupational prognosis were analyzed. Results. In the period from 2011 to 2017, 412 cases of occupational brucellosis (OB) were shown to be registered in rural regions. OB was proved to rank third in the nosological structure of accumulated occupational pathology (14.6%). Despite the downward linear trend in the frequency of detection of OB, its prevalence in the nosological structure of the primary occupational morbidity of the working rural population did not undergo statistically significant changes and was within the range of 10.28 - 17.16%. Most often, the disease was detected in workers in occupations as follows: animal breeder, veterinarian, milker/operator of machine milking, and veterinary paramedic, infected during industrial contact with cattle. The North-Caucasus, Siberian, and Southern Federal districts were the most disadvantaged regions of the Russian Federation in terms of the OB incidence. In 96.6% of cases, OB was represented by a residual form, diagnosed in 88.5% of cases with self-treatment. The late diagnosis of OB and the high percentage of workers with primary established loss of performance (59.5%) could be related to both the virulence of Brucella abortus and the low quality of periodic medical examinations and limited availability of primary occupational pathology care in rural regions.Conclusion. Reducing the level of the OB incidence is not possible without strictly controlling the timeliness, completeness of coverage and regulated volume of periodic medical examinations, increasing the level of awareness and awareness of occupational risks, compliance with sanitary and veterinary rules for the prevention and control of infectious diseases common to humans and animals.
A Global Network of Science and Technology Advice in Foreign Ministries
Authors:   Vienna Dialogue Team
Published: September 2020

This paper is a product of the International Dialogue on Science and Technology Advice in Foreign Ministries (Vienna Dialogue) in October 2016, involving more than twenty nations and several international organisations. The event was a key step to further develop the Foreign Minister Science and Technology Advisor Network (FMSTAN), growing from an initial group of five nations. The Vienna Dialogue was convened by the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) at the Vienna headquarters of IIASA, bringing together diplomats from foreign ministries to consider the value of evidence for informed decision‐making by nations with regard to issues, impacts and resources within, across and beyond national boundaries. The evidence comes from the natural and social sciences with engineering and medicine as well as other areas of technology. By building common interests among nations, science is a tool of diplomacy, promoting cooperation and preventing conflict in our world. Science diplomacy was discussed as an international, interdisciplinary and inclusive process to help balance national interests and common interests in view of urgencies today and across generations in our globally‐interconnected civilization.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice About Use of Antibiotic by Medical Students : A Cross Sectional Pilot Study on Para-clinical Students in HFRCMC
Authors: Nasir M , Perveen R A , Farha N , Ahmed M
Published: September 2020

The prevalence of self -medication with antibiotics is quite high in developing countries as opposed to developed countries due to easy availability and poor regulatory controls for selling these drugs. Antibiotics are often taken erroneously for certain ailments, without having the appropriate knowledge of their use. This carries potential risks for the individual as well as the community, in form of several side effects such as antibiotic resistance. Therefore the prevalence of self-medicated antibiotics in developing countries needs to be studied. To assess knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotic usage among undergraduate medical students, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College, Dhaka. Total 150 students of third and fourth year MBBS were included in the study. Data was collected using self-administered pre-tested questionnaires ensuring before the teaching sessions on antibiotics in MBBS curriculum to evaluate the unbiased response of the participants. Almost 90% of the respondents wrongly believed to treat common cold most of the time by antibiotic. About 77% students were uncertain about the treatment outcome due to injudicious use of antibiotics. Almost 70% respondents strongly disagreed about development of antibiotic resistance due to skipping 1-2 doses. About 62% students believed that more than one antibiotic combination might reduce the adverse effects of single antibiotic. Only 46% participants think they had individual role in antibiotic resistance. The prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics among the medical students was high despite the awareness of adverse effects. The study showed remarkable lack of awareness of medical students at para-clinical phase regarding individual role and use of antibiotic in development of resistance. The academic input of knowledge and course content of Pharmacology may contribute in the improvement of attitude and practice, which should be evaluated in follow up studies.
Antibiotics in ICU : The Challenges of Use, Cost and Response in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Perveen R A , Nasir M , Farha N , Islam M A
Published: September 2020

Antibiotic resistance can lead to increased morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay, and health care expenditures. The study is designed to observe the challenges of antibiotic consumption, related costs and their resistance pattern in critically ill patients. The study was conducted in ICU from July to December 2016, in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital The demographic data, antibiotic sensitivity report, the administration of different classes of antibiotics as well as individual drugs and their costs were recorded. In 216 patients, meropenem was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic followed by levofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Meropenem with one or more class of antibiotics had the higher cost (1985/-and 2800/- BDT/ per day) per patient. Though the cephalosporins are the initial choice as the safest, cheaper antibiotics in developed countries, but high rate of resistance was observed in this ICU. The overall sterilization and strict control of nosocomial infections may play vital role in overcoming the challenges. Use of local antibiogram, narrow spectrum antibiotics, infectious disease specialist consultation, and restricted authorization to prescribe antibiotics can effectively shift the antibiotic sensitivity and minimize the cost in ICU stay.
PENGARUH EKUITAS MEREK, HARGA DAN LOKASI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN PADA QUALITY FRIED CHICKEN JALAN ISMALIYAH MEDAN
Authors: Kevinli  , Pesta Gultom
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekuitas merek berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian Quality Fried Chicken, mengetahui apakah harga berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian Quality Fried Chicken, mengetahui apakah lokasi berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian Quality Fried Chicken dan mengetahui apakah ekuitas merek, harga dan lokasi sama-sama berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian Quality Fried Chicken.  Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif, yaitu data yang diperoleh dalam bentuk angka atau bilangan. Sumber data berupa data primer dan sekunder. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekuitas merek memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap keputusan pembelian Quality Fried Chiken Hasil analisis menunjukkan harga memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan negatif terhadap keputusan pembelian Quality Fried Chiken. Hasil analisis menunjukkan lokasi memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap keputusan pembelian Quality Fried Chiken. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekuitas merek, harga dan lokasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian Quality Fried Chiken artinya bahwa ekuitas merek, harga dan lokasi secara simultan mempunyai pengaruh keputusan pembelian. Sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti, seperti promosi, kualitas layanan dan kualitas produk yang tidak dibahas dalam penelitian ini.
INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL FACTORS ON CHILDREN’S CAREER DEVELOPMENT: A CASEOF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ISINYA SUB-COUNTY, KAJIADO
Authors: Njenga Esther , Kaaria Dr Zipporah , Katiba Doreen
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which some selected parental factors influence career development among form four students in Isinya Sub-County.Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive survey. The population of the study was all the 572 form four public school students in Isinya Sub-County. The study focused on all the nine public secondary schools from Isinya Sub-County to carry out the survey while proportional random sampling technique was used to sample the students. The researcher used a sample of 114 students from the target population. Questionnaires and interview guides were used as the instruments for data collection. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to analyse the data. Pearson correlation was test relationships between variables and their significanceResults: Results indicate that the father’s education level was significant and negatively correlated with the students career choice (r = -.067, p = 0.0445) at 0.05 significance level. Parent child relationship is of paramount importance as it reinforces positive affirmations on the students that help them excel in life. Thus, most parents / guardians of told the students that they are proud of them. Majority of the parents encouraged students to ask questions about different careers.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that parent child relationship should be embraced as it is of paramount importance in reinforcing positive affirmations on the students that help them excel in life. Parent child relationships influences students attitude positively and gives them confidence in their career choice.
INFLUENCE OF COST OF CREDIT ON CONSUMER SATISFACTION: A CASE OF THE NIC BANK LIMITED
Authors: Mwangi Christopher , Katuse Dr. Paul
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish the influence of cost of credit on consumer satisfaction, a case of the NIC bank limited.Methodology: The descriptive survey research design was preferred for the study. The population of the study was over 10,000 credit card holders in NIC Bank. Snow balling sampling technique was appropriate for this study because credit card customers were not keen on cooperating because of the sensitivity of information gathered and only cooperated on referral from friends. Fishers’ formula was used for calculating the sample size of an infinite population which amounted to 384 but for the purpose of improving the response rate, the study added 16 more respondents to total up to 400. The study used primary data. The study used a questionnaire as the preferred data collection tool. Information was sorted, coded and input into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for production of descriptive and inferential statistics. The results were presented using tables and pie charts to give a clear picture of the research findings.Results: Based on the findings, the study conclded that that credit card interest rate was competitive compared to other offerings in the market, the credit card interest rate is better than overdraft rates.  It was concluded that the credit card interest rate was affordable compared to shylock interest rates. Results led to the conclusion that the penalties were lower than those of competitors. Study results show that the credit card joining fee was affordable compared to other products, the credit card joining fee was lower than that of competitors. Results also led to the conclusion that the penalties were very high. Results also led to the conclusion that credit card interest rate were affordable compared to Sacco interest.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings, the study recommends that the Government should legalise the interest rate within the banks and make it affordable to the consumers. In addition the banks should lower the credit card joining fee as this will motivate more customers to join and therefore an additional benefit the banks.
Motivasi Petani dalam Integrasi Sawit Sapi di Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Beringin Kecamatan Hinai Kabupaten Langkat
Authors: Butarbutar Yenny Laura , Silalahi Firman R.L
Published: September 2020

Sawit merupakan komoditas unggulan yang diperdagangkan secara luas dari subsektor perkebunan. Dilihat dari besarnya jumlah produksi kelapa sawit menjadikan komoditi kelapa sawit sebagai usaha yang masih diminati oleh masyarakat. Hal tersebut membuka peluang bagi pengembangan ternak sapi potong secara terintegrasi dengan memanfaatkan hijauan. Pada dasarnya integrasi ternak sapi dalam kebun kelapa sawit menjadi daur ulang sumber daya yang tersedia secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat motivasi petani dalam penerapan integrasi sawit sapi serta faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempunyai hubungan dengan motivasi petani dalam menerapkan integrasi sawit sapi. Metode penentuan sampel adalah purposive (sengaja) sebanyak 46 orang petani di daerah penelitian. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data primer melalui wawancara secara langsung dan mendalam kepada para sampel dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah dipersiapkan. Metode analisis data antara lain perhitungan matematis tingkat motivasi petani dan korelasi Spearman. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan tingkat motivasi ekonomi dan sosiologis masing-masing sebesar 56,09% dan 51,74% dan berada pada kategori sedang. Selanjutnya motivasi ekonomi tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan faktor-faktor internal, tetapi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan 3 faktor eksternal dalam penerapan integrasi sawit sapi. Motivasi sosiologis memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan 2 faktor internal dan 1 faktor eksternal dalam penerapan integrasi sawit sapi.
Suplementação de cafeína em exercícios anaeróbios
Authors: Da Mata Vinicius , Aranha Fialho Renato , Setaro Luciana
Published: September 2020

O efeito ergogênico do uso da cafeína sobre a performance em exercícios anaeróbios ainda é controverso. Diversos estudos apontam como principais hipóteses das melhorias vistas sua atuação no sistema nervoso central (SNC) como antagonista da adenosina e aliviando os sintomas de fadiga central, além do aumento da transmissão neuromuscular facilitando a estimulação-contração do músculo esquelético. Aliado a essas teorias, estudos apontam que as grandes quantidades de substâncias contidas no café, principalmente os antioxidades, atuam de forma a potencializar o desempenho. O trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar estudos que identifiquem possíveis melhorias na prática de exercícios anaeróbios com o uso prévio deste estimulante. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de natureza quantitativa, que utilizou como base de pesquisa artigo dos últimos cinco anos dos sites ScieElo e Pubmed. Após análise dos mesmos, pode-se entender como a cafeína possui grande capacidade de melhora do rendimento do trabalho em exercícios anaeróbios, porém, ainda são necessárias novas pesquisas que investiguem o papel e seus mecanismos de ação de forma a confirmar como essa substância atua potencializando a prática de exercícios de alta intensidade e curta duração.

 

Palavras-chave: Cafeína; Desempenho; Anaeróbio; Exercício; Metabolismo energético;
Editorial
Authors: Ferreira Corrêa Fernanda
Published: September 2020

Prezados leitores,

É com grande satisfação que apresentamos a primeira edição da Revista Advances in Nutritional Sciences, de periodicidade quadrimestral de caráter multidisciplinar, que se dedicará a publicação eletrônica de artigos da comunidade científica nacional e internacional que investiguem questões de interesse na área de Nutrição. Tem como público-alvo alunos em formação nos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação em nutrição, assim como, pesquisadores professores e profissionais da saúde como Farmacêuticos, Biomédicos, Biólogos, Médicos, e demais colegas com interesse em Nutrição.
The role of microhabitats in structuring cave invertebrate communities in Guatemala
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Pacheco Gabrielle , Souza Silva Marconi ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Cano Enio ,   Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Ferreira Rodrigo L. ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras
Published: September 2020

Several studies have tried to elucidate the main environmental features driving invertebrate community structure in cave environments. They found that many factors influence the community structure, but rarely focused on how substrate types and heterogeneity might shape these communities. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess which substrate features and whether or not substrate heterogeneity determines the invertebrate community structure (species richness and composition) in a set of limestone caves in Guatemala. We hypothesized that the troglobitic fauna responds differently to habitat structure regarding species richness and composition than non-troglobitic fauna because they are more specialized to live in subterranean habitats. Using 30 m2 transects, the invertebrate fauna was collected and the substrate features were measured. The results showed that community responded to the presence of guano, cobbles, boulders, and substrate heterogeneity. The positive relationship between non-troglobitic species composition with the presence of guano reinforces the importance of food resources for structuring invertebrate cave communities in Guatemalan caves. Furthermore, the troglobitic species responded to different substrate features when compared to non-troglobitic species. For them, instead of the presence of organic matter, a higher variety of abiotic microhabitats seem to be the main driver for species diversity within a cave. The high specialization level of troglobitic organisms might be the reason why they respond differently to environmental conditions. The findings of this study highlight the importance of biological surveys for understanding cave biodiversity and give insights on how this biodiversity might be distributed within a cave. Conservation measures should keep in mind the target organisms and if such measures aim to protect a broad variety of organisms, then one should aim to preserve as many microhabitats and trophic resources as possible.
Oligomer and highly oxygenated organic molecule formation from oxidation of oxygenated monoterpenes emitted by California sage plants
Authors: Mehra Archit , Krechmer Jordan E. , Lambe Andrew , Sarkar Chinmoy , Williams Leah , Khalaj Farzaneh , Guenther Alex , Jayne John , Coe Hugh , Worsnop Douglas , Faiola Celia , Canagaratna Manjula
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Plants emit a diverse range of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs)
whose oxidation leads to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. The
majority of studies of biogenic SOA have focused on single or simple
multicomponent BVOC mixtures thought to be representative of Northern
hemispheric deciduous or mixed forest conditions. Gaps remain in our
understanding of SOA formation from complex mixtures of real plant emissions
in other environments. Towards the goal of understanding SOA in other regions, we conducted the
first comprehensive study of SOA from oxygenated monoterpenes. These are the
dominant emissions from the most common plant species in southern
California's coastal sage ecosystem: black sage (Salvia mellifera) and California sagebrush
(Artemisia californica). Emissions from sage plants, as well as single compounds representing their major
emissions (camphor, camphene and eucalyptol), were oxidised in an Aerodyne
potential aerosol mass oxidation flow reactor (PAM-OFR). The chemical
composition of SOA was characterised using a high-resolution time-of-flight
iodide-anion chemical-ionisation mass spectrometer equipped with a Filter
Inlet for Gases and AEROsols (FIGAERO-I-HR-ToF-CIMS) under low- and
medium-NOx conditions. SOA from oxygenated monoterpenes showed a higher-order oligomer content and a
greater presence of highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) than
non-oxygenated monoterpenes, with HOM contributing 27 %–47 % and 12 %–14 % of SOA product signal from oxygenated and non-oxygenated monoterpenes
respectively. This study highlights the potential importance of oxygenated
monoterpene emissions for SOA formation in woody shrub ecosystems.
Ambient Nitro-Aromatic Compounds – Biomass Burning versus Secondary Formation in rural China
Authors: Salvador Christian Mark Garcia , Tang Rongzhi , Priestley Michael , Li Lin Jie , Tsiligiannis Epameinondas , Le Breton Michael , Zhu Wenfei , Zeng Limin , Wang Hui , Yu Ying , Hu Min , Guo Song , Hallquist Mattias
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Nitro-aromatic compounds (NACs) were measured hourly at a rural site in China during wintertime to monitor the changes due to local and regional impacts of biomass burning (BB). Concurrent and continuous measurements of the concentrations of 16 NACs in the gas and particle phases were performed with a time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) equipped with a Filter Inlet for Gas and Aerosol (FIGAERO) unit using iodide as the reagent ion. NACs accounted for