bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exact Nonlinear Decomposition of Ideal-MHD Waves Using Eigenenergies
Authors: Raboonik Abbas , Tarr Lucas A. , Pontin David I.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we introduce a new method for exact decomposition of propagating, nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) disturbances into their component eigenenergies associated with the familiar slow, Alfvén, and fast wave eigenmodes, and the entropy and field-divergence pseudoeigenmodes. First, the mathematical formalism is introduced, where it is illustrated how the ideal-MHD eigensystem can be used to construct a decomposition of the time variation of the total energy density into contributions from the eigenmodes. The decomposition method is then demonstrated by applying it to the output of three separate nonlinear MHD simulations. The analysis of the simulations confirms that the component wave modes of a composite wavefield are uniquely identified by the method. The slow, Alfvén, and fast energy densities are shown to evolve in exactly the way expected from comparison with known linear solutions and nonlinear properties, including processes such as mode conversion. Along the way, some potential pitfalls for the numerical implementation of the decomposition method are identified and discussed. We conclude that the exact, nonlinear decomposition method introduced is a powerful and promising tool for understanding the nature of the decomposition of MHD waves as well as analyzing and interpreting the output of dynamic MHD simulations.
Enhanced Acceleration and Escape of Hydrogen Pickup Ions Upstream from Mars by Interplanetary Shocks
Authors: He Linxia , Guo Jianpeng , Gui Ruoyu , Zhang Fan , Lin Haibo , Wei Yong , Liu Libo
Published: May 2024

The pickup process of newly ionized hydrogen (H) from the Martian extended exosphere represents an important H+ escape channel on Mars. It is generally believed that interplanetary (IP) shocks can accelerate the pickup ions and, in turn, affect the pickup process. However, the underlying processes inherent to the acceleration are not yet fully understood. Here, we concentrate on the dynamic processes involved in acceleration arising from IP shock compression. We examine two typical IP shock events characterized by a sudden increase in the average energy of upstream H+ pickup ions across the shock. The H+ pickup ions continuously enter the field of view of Supra-Thermal And Thermal Ion Composition or Solar Wind Ion Analyzer on board the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN spacecraft in a narrow angular range. Moreover, they correspond to a similar part of their respective ring distributions in velocity space. By comparing measured and theoretical H+ pickup ion energies, we attribute the more energetic H+ pickup ions to the enhanced convection electric field acceleration caused by the shock compression. An increase in the guiding center drift speed across the shock implies a higher escape rate of the H+ pickup ions. Furthermore, the pitch-angle scattering could facilitate the escape of the higher energy H+ pickup ions from Mars. The results may shed light on the understanding of the energization and escape of planetary pickup ions in the solar system.
On the Heating of the Slow Solar Wind by Imbalanced Alfvén-wave Turbulence from 0.06 to 1 au: Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter Observations
Authors: Bourouaine Sofiane , Perez Jean C. , Chandran Benjamin D. G. , Jagarlamudi Vamsee K. , Raouafi Nour E. , Halekas Jasper S.
Published: May 2024

In this work we analyze plasma and magnetic field data provided by the Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter missions to investigate the radial evolution of the heating of Alfvénic slow wind by imbalanced Alfvén-wave (AW) turbulent fluctuations from 0.06 to 1 au. in our analysis we focus on slow solar-wind intervals with highly imbalanced and incompressible turbulence (i.e., magnetic compressibility C

B
= δ
B/B ≤ 0.25, plasma compressibility C

n
= δ
n/n ≤ 0.25, and normalized cross helicity σ

c
≥ 0.65). First, we estimate the AW turbulent dissipation rate from the wave energy equation and find that the radial profile trend is similar to the proton heating rate. Second, we find that the scaling of the empirical AW turbulent dissipation rate Q

W
obtained from the wave energy equation matches the scaling from the phenomenological AW turbulent dissipation rate Q
CH09 (with Q
CH09 ≃ 1.55Q

W
) derived by Chandran & Hollweg based on the model of reflection-driven turbulence. Our results suggest that, as in the fast solar wind, AW turbulence plays a major role in the ion heating that occurs in incompressible slow-wind streams.
Mechanisms of Fundamental Electromagnetic Wave Radiation in the Solar Wind
Authors: Krafft C. , Savoini P. , Polanco-Rodríguez F. J.
Published: May 2024

Large-scale and long-term two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations performed for parameters relevant to type III solar radio bursts have provided new results on the generation mechanisms of fundamental electromagnetic waves radiated at the plasma frequency ω

p
. The paper first considers the nonlinear wave interaction process of electromagnetic decay (EMD) in a homogeneous solar wind plasma with an electron-to-ion temperature ratio T

e
/T

i
> 1. The dynamics of ion-acoustic waves (dispersion, spectra, growth/damping) is studied, and signatures confirming the three-wave interactions (cross-bicoherence, correlations between waves’ phases and between waves' growths, resonance conditions) are provided. The decisive role played in EMD by the backscattered Langmuir waves coming from the electrostatic decay (ESD) is demonstrated. EMD can be triggered by ion acoustic waves coming from the two cascades of the faster and more intense ESD. The same study is then performed in a solar wind plasma with random density fluctuations. In this case, EMD is not suppressed but develops only within plasma regions of reduced or quasi-uniform density. It coexists with linear mode conversion (LMC) of Langmuir waves into electromagnetic radiation, which is the fastest and most prominent process, as well as with ESD. LMC can lead to enhanced occurrence of EMD in the early stage. Moreover, the impact of T

e
/T

i
on electromagnetic energy growth and saturation is shown to be rather weak. Ion-acoustic waves are heavily damped at T

e
∼ T

i
, so that EMD is overcome by nonlinear induced scattering on thermal ions. In actual solar wind plasmas, EMD should be more easily observed in plasma regions weakly perturbed by the background density turbulence and where ion temperature is decreased.
Ultracool Dwarf Absolute Magnitude Versus Spectral Type Relations for Euclid and Roman Near-infrared Filters
Authors: Sanghi Aniket , Liu Michael C. , Dupuy Trent J. , Best William M. , Siverd Robert J. , Zhang Zhoujian
Published: May 2024

We synthesize Euclid Near Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer photometry for the Y

E

J

E

H

E
filters and Roman Wide Field Instrument photometry for the F106, F129, F146, F158, F184 and F213 filters using SpeX prism spectra and parallaxes of 688 field-age and 151 young (≲200 Myr) ultracool dwarfs (spectral types M6–T9). For the above filters, we derive empirical absolute magnitude-spectral type polynomial relations that enable the calculation of photometric distances for ultracool dwarfs to be observed with Euclid and Roman, in the absence of parallax measurements. The synthesized photometry can also be used to generate color–color figures to distinguish high-redshift galaxies from brown dwarf interlopers.
Cryptic or underworked? Taxonomic revision of the Antistrophus rufus species complex (Cynipoidea, Aulacideini)
Authors: Nastasi Louis F. , Tooker John F. , Davis Charles K. , Smith Cecil N. , Frey Timothy S. , Hatfield M. J. , Presnall Tara M. , Hines Heather M. , Deans Andrew R.
Published: May 2024

Cryptic species present challenges across many subdisciplines of biology. Not all “cryptic” species, however, are truly cryptic; many are simply underexplored morphologically. We examined this idea for the Antistrophus rufus species complex, which previously contained three species thought to be morphologically cryptic. To determine whether the A. rufus complex are truly cryptic species, we assessed species boundaries of members of the A. rufus species complex using morphological, ecological, and DNA barcode data, and tested whether a set of 50 morphological characters could adequately diagnose these species. We revealed that this complex includes five species, and that there are useful phenotypic diagnostic characters for all members of this species complex. This enabled redescription of four species and the description of Antistrophus laurenae Nastasi, sp. nov., which induces externally inconspicuous galls in stems of Silphium integrifolium Michx., a host not associated with other members of the complex. We use these new diagnostic characters to construct a key to the five species of the rufus complex. We conclude that the A. rufus complex was not a true case of cryptic species. Our Bayesian analysis of DNA barcode data suggests possible cospeciation of members of the rufus complex and their Silphium host plants, but further study is necessary to better understand the evolution of host use in the lineage.
Revolutionizing Brain Tumor Analysis: A Fusion of ChatGPT and Multi-Modal CNN for Unprecedented Precision
Authors: Rawas Soha , Samala Agariadne Dwinggo
Published: May 2024

In this study, we introduce an innovative approach to significantly enhance the precision and interpretability of brain tumor detection and segmentation. Our method ingeniously integrates the cutting-edge capabilities of the ChatGPT chatbot interface with a state-of-the-art multi-modal convolutional neural network (CNN). Tested rigorously on the BraTS dataset, our method showcases unprecedented performance, outperforming existing techniques in terms of both accuracy and efficiency, with an impressive Dice score of 0.89 for tumor segmentation. By seamlessly integrating ChatGPT, our model unveils deep-seated insights into the intricate decision-making processes, providing researchers and physicians with invaluable understanding and confidence in the results. This groundbreaking fusion holds immense promise, poised to revolutionize the landscape of medical imaging, with far-reaching implications for clinical practice and research. Our study exemplifies the transformative potential achieved through the synergistic combination of multi-modal CNNs and natural language processing, paving the way for remarkable advancements in brain tumor detection and segmentation.
Among Sustainable Vineyards
Authors: García-Haro Mariangeles , Linuesa-Langreo Jorge , Martínez-Cañas Ricardo , Ruiz-Palomino Pablo
Published: May 2024

Sustainability has become a key issue across all economic sectors, but especially in the beverage industry, and the wine industry. Worldwide, an ever-increasing number of manufacturers are committing to reducing their carbon footprint to combat climate change. Bodegas y Viñedos Castiblanque, a winery in the La Mancha area of Spain, stands as an important reference for sustainability. This family-owned company is engaged in a significant project of wine production, manufacturing, and marketing. Simultaneously, it provides visitors with the opportunity to explore the winery, its history, and the latest technological advancements combined with artisan tradition. The case study analyzes this winery's sustainability and innovation management, highlighting key outcomes resulting from its participation in the tourism sustainability plan implemented in the tourism destination of Campo de Criptana (Spain).
Ethical Exploration of Advertising Impacts
Authors: Lago Jorge Arranz , de Frutos Nieves García
Published: May 2024

Governmental regulations and consumer trends towards healthier lifestyle are leading the change to new alcohol-free. However, alcohol consumption is growing, and some critical voices raise concerns about effects of alcohol-free advertisements on their alcoholic counterparts. Yet, little research on alcohol-free advertisement has been developed. This research aims to find out how alcohol-free beer advertisements affect ethical perceptions, brand evaluations and purchasing intention. To do this, an experimental design with two versions of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beer advertisements was performed. In addition, an eye-tracking experiment was developed to reveal which elements attract the attention of the viewer. The results of the analysis performed show that alcohol-free advertisements seem to encourage permissive attitudes towards unethical practices, but not affect brand attitude or beer purchase intention. In turn, eye-tracking analysis revealed that consumers seem to focus on the brand of the advertisement rather than on the specific characteristics of the alcohol-free version.
Review and Future Research Directions of Sustainability, Customer Values, Drivers, Attitudes, and Purchase Intention of Organic Products
Authors: Sharma Surbhi
Published: May 2024

This study evaluated 213 earlier works on organic products to accomplish this and put out a conceptual framework for additional research. This concept predicts that components including sustainability, drivers, customer values, demographics, and the socioeconomic environment that affect consumer attitude and intention. Further investigation may on indirect effects of sustainability, drivers, customer values, and the demographic and socio-economic background on inclinations to buy organic products is advised by the study. The research confirmed that protecting the environment, caring for animals, and preserving biodiversity are crucial aspects of sustainability. Price, willingness to pay and awareness are also the main motivators for buying organic personal care products, which are supported by customer values such as those related to the environment, health, and safety values. Age, marital status, and educational attainment of consumers are thought to be the main determinants.
Normal Water Effect on the Thermal and the Mechanical Properties of Jute Yarns
Authors: Ben Smail Youssef , Lmai Fatima , El Moumen Ahmed , Imad Abdellatif
Published: May 2024

The production of the jute fibers and yarns in enormous amounts and their use in different fields requires an overall comprehension of the evolution of their performance during their use and before their end life. Exposing the jute yarns to the extreme environmental conditions, such as high humidity, severe weathering, severe environments, freezing environments and others can degrade the mechanical properties jute yarns. Besides, the use of these jute yarns on the appropriate applications immersed in normal water may be accelerated them to reach their end-of-life. In this work, the thermal and mechanical properties of the jute yarns immersed in normal water for different duration were evaluated. This environmental condition was selected owing to the high probability to the exposing of yarns to the immersing in normal water on outdoors which affect their performance. The thermal stability of the jute yarns was effectuated in order to explain the chemical and physical changers occurred and linked to the mechanical properties. Results show that the mechanical properties of the jute yarns degraded by along immersion in water compared to the raw one. The tensile stress and the tensile modulus are dropped by 47 % (from 52 to 28 MPa) and 46 % (from 2.28 to 1.24 GPa), respectively for the samples immersed in water along duration (9 months) compared to the raw samples. Besides, the thermal stability of the immersed samples shows that there are no significant changes except a slight high residue for the immersed ones.
Friction Stir Welding between Marine Grade Aa 5083 and HSLA Steel
Authors: Sahu Mrinal , Ganguly Subhas
Published: May 2024

The revolutionary method of solid-state joining technique has already attracted significant attention of advance welding and joining research community. The technique has been continuously developing for many alloy systems for similar and dissimilar joints. Recent research in these areas aiming to join complex dissimilar alloy pairs, composite, polymers, ceramics etc. This paper presents a study of friction stir welding between marine-grade aluminum alloy AA 5083 and HSLA steel, configured in a butt arrangement. The study investigates the evolution of Fe-Al series of intermetallic layer formation at the joint interface and its effective management to yield best joint efficiency. The FSW in the said alloy pairs yielded an 83.25% welding efficiency based on the aluminum alloy side strength. XRD analysis along with SEM examination revealed the formation of Al13Fe4 and Al5Fe2 as intermetallic compounds which was confirmed by the EBSD analysis. The obtained results are discussed in the paper considering the effect of the weld joint performance.
Microstructural Evolution of Al under Computational Analysis of Uniaxial [100] Compression
Authors: Taoufiki Meryem , Chabba Hanae , Mes-Adi Hassane , Barroug Abderrahim , Jouaiti Ahmed
Published: May 2024

The strain rate exerts a profound influence on the mechanical characteristics of nanomaterials. To investigate this phenomenon, the molecular dynamics approach was employed to examine the impact of uniaxial compression along the [100] crystallographic direction in monocrystalline Al. The purpose of this research was to determine the differences in reactions observed during the elastic and plastic phases. It employed the Embedded Atom Method (EAM) as well as the Modified Embedded Atom Method (MEAM) potentials at 300 K. A comparative analysis of the outcomes from these potentials demonstrated considerable disparities. The results encompassed the percentage distribution of crystal structures (fcc, hcp, bcc, and others) as well as their atomic configurations. Several analytical factors were examined, including the strain-stress curve, the radial distribution function (RDF), the common neighbor analysis (CAN). The applied MEAM potential represents a subsequent occurrence of transitions following EAM, encompassing both increasing and decreasing phase transitions.
Comparisons of Direct Normal Irradiation for the Optimization of Active Daylighting Systems
Authors: Kanibou Oumaima , El Fatni Omkaltoume , Maftouh Abderrahim , El Rhaleb El Houssaine , Bargach Mohammed Najib
Published: May 2024

Active daylighting technology, encompassing techniques for utilizing natural light without converting it into heat or electrical energy, proves highly beneficial in sun-rich countries like Morocco. Unlike solar technologies, which capture global radiation, daylighting technology specifically leverages direct sun radiation. This study focuses on three semi-empirical models: Perrin de Brichambaut, Kasten, and Ghouard, utilizing data from the PVGIS website to develop and evaluate these systems. Comparison of experimentally obtained direct normal irradiation results against these models and the PVGIS website identifies the Kasten model as the most suitable choice, supported by the high R2 values of 0.9954, 0.9933, 0.9951, and 0.9906 for winter, spring, summer, and autumn, respectively. Furthermore, the model exhibits a minimum Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 12.34, 24.29, 25.93, and 29.51 W/m², an optimal Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 238.16, 1129.5, 1039.9, and 1520.7 W²/m⁴, and a variance of 216.40, 1099.3, 1015.4, and 1460 for the respective seasons. These results strongly indicate the Kasten model's suitability for the climatic conditions of the studied site in Morocco, showcasing high correlation coefficients and low prediction errors. The findings underscore the Kasten model as the most fitting choice for optimizing active daylighting technology in Morocco's climate.
An In-Depth Investigation of the Effects of Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Process Parameters on Hardness and Corrosion Resistance of 2205 DSS Weldments: New Design of Experiment Parametric Studies and Optimization
Authors: Melad Mohamed S. , Gebril Mohamed Abdelgawad , Shuaeib Farag M. , Esmaael Rafaa M. , El-Hag Mohamed A.
Published: May 2024

The aim of this work is to examine and analyze, using response surface methodology, how the TIG welding process parameters of welding current (WC), welding speed (WS), and N2 with argon as shielding gas affect the hardness and corrosion resistance of 2205 DSS weldments. Due to the equal amounts of ferrite and austenite phases and alloying elements, duplex stainless steel DSS offers good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The mechanical characteristics and resistance to corrosion of the weld zone, as well as the heat-affected zone of the DSS, are, however, disturbed as a result of the welding process since it changes the distribution of these two phases and also the alloy is thermally disturbed. Therefore, in this work, an in-depth investigation of the effects of the above-mentioned parameters on the DSS quality has been performed. Results showed that increasing welding current while decreasing welding speed, which corresponds to the highest heat input, led to lower critical pitting potential and weld zone hardness but higher heat-affected zone hardness. The same results were obtained for decreasing welding current while increasing welding speed, which correspond to the lowest heat input. However, the addition of a small percent (%) of N2 to argon shielding gas resulted in increasing the critical pitting potential and decreasing the hardness in welds and heat-affected zones. Numerically, the RSM planned experimental results showed that an optimum welding current of 175A, welding speed of 170 mm/min, and 10% N2 with argon as shielding gas maximized the critical pitting potential up to 318 mV and optimized the hardness of the weld and heat-affected zone to about base metal hardness of 288 and 286 HV, respectively.
Microcrystalline Cellulose as Composite Reinforcement: Assessment and Future Prospects
Authors: Wibowo Cahyo Hadi , Ariawan Dody , Surojo Eko , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: May 2024

In order to enhance diverse composites and foster sustainable development, it is essential to use strategic measures. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) has the desirable characteristics of being both renewable and biodegradable. The characteristics above provide MCC with a favorable option for enhancing the structural integrity of composite materials. This study examines the literature on using MCC as a composite reinforcement to identify its primary characteristics. This evaluation explores the properties and potential future advancements of the naturally derived materials under investigation. This work comprehensively reviews scientific publications to guide future research efforts. Based on empirical investigations, using MCC as a composite reinforcement has enhanced various mechanical and tribological characteristics. This study provides a comprehensive reference for implementing sustainable MCC as a composite reinforcement.
Comparative Study of the Mechanical Properties of a Novel Epoxy Composite Material Reinforced by Bidirectional Woven Carbon Fabric and Hybrid Kevlar/E-Glass
Authors: Gaagaia Djamel Edinne , Boutasseta Nadir , Belkaid Khmissi , Boubir Badreddine , Aouaichia Hamza , Guettaf Tahar Temam , Yaklef Youssouf
Published: May 2024

The objective of this work is to carry out a comparison of different materials in the form of a bidirectional carbon fabric and hybrid Kevlar and glass as reinforcements in an epoxy matrix with a loading rate of 30wt%. Two experimental tests have been carried out in order to determine the mechanical properties, such as tensile and Brinell hardness tests. In the case of tensile and Brinell hardness tests, the characterization was performed on two types of composite plates reinforced with Woven Carbon Fiber and Hybrid Woven Kevlar and E-Glass with Epoxy (WCF-HWKG/EPOXY) and Hybrid Woven Kevlar and E-Glass with Epoxy (HWKG/EPOXY). Consequently, it has been observed that the tensile and hardness properties of the hybrid composite material (HWKG/EPOXY) are respectively 36% and 46.43% lower compared to (WCF-HWKG/EPOXY). Based on these findings, the studied materials demonstrate potential applications across various fields, including aeronautics, aerospace, and high-performance automotive sectors.
Thrombocytopenia-related outcome and pattern in preterm neonates hospitalized in neonatology unit: A single-center experience
Authors: Jain Sambhav , Gaur Bablu Kumar , Sharma Manish , Singh Rupa Rajbhandari
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUNDS:

In preterm newborns, thrombocytopenia is one of the most often observed hematologic findings. Most cases of thrombocytopenia are mild to moderate, self-limiting, and have a short duration; nevertheless, in rare cases, it can result in serious complications including pulmonary hemorrhage that lead to death and morbidity.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of this study was to identify the pattern, risk factors, and outcome of thrombocytopenia in preterm neonates hospitalized in a tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

All sick preterm neonates who developed thrombocytopenia within the first 28 days of life admitted to the NICU were included. A platelet count was performed at presentation time and as needed after that. Thrombocytopenia-related morbidities (intraventricular hemorrhage, pulmonary hemorrhage, and sepsis), mortality, and risk factors were analyzed concerning severity (mild, moderate, and severe) and age of thrombocytopenia onset (early and late) in preterm neonates.

RESULTS:

A total of 100 preterm neonates were admitted to our NICU. Of these, 48% of neonates developed thrombocytopenia. In terms of severity, mild, moderate, and severe thrombocytopenia were present in 62.5%, 37.5%, and 16.7% of newborns, respectively. The prevalent risk factors for late-onset thrombocytopenia (LOT) were necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis; for early-onset thrombocytopenia, the risk factors were pregnancy-induced hypertension and early-onset sepsis. Neonates with sepsis, severe birth asphyxia, and NEC were significantly associated with severe thrombocytopenia (P < 0.001). Thrombocytopenia-related morbidities and mortality were significantly higher among moderate-to-severe thrombocytopenia cases (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Sepsis was the most common risk factor associated with severe and LOT. Compared to mild/moderate thrombocytopenia, severe thrombocytopenia required more platelet transfusions, was associated with major bleeding manifestations, and had a higher mortality rate. When caring for premature newborns, these issues need to be taken into account.
An audit of evolving colonoscopy practice in two tertiary hospitals in South-East Nigeria
Authors: Ekwunife Christopher Nonso , Osuagwu Chukwuemeka , Enendu Stephen E. , Onyekpere Chigozirim , Ekwunife Chinelo Uzoamaka
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Colonoscopy is quite essential in the management of gastrointestinal pathologies. Its practice in most developing countries is suboptimal.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to determine the common indications and findings at colonoscopy in a patient population in South-eastern Nigeria, as well as to assess the documentation of quality indicators of colonoscopy service.

Materials and Methods:

The endoscopy records of patients who underwent colonoscopy at two tertiary institutions (Federal Medical Centre, Owerri and Imo State University Teaching Hospital, Orlu) from January 2014 to December 2016 were reviewed. Information on patient demographics, colonoscopy indications, colonoscopy findings, and polyp detection were sought for. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 21.

Results:

Two hundred and nineteen patients had colonoscopy within the period. Age range of the patients was 16 to 94 years (mean age: 55 ± 14.8 years). The most common indications for colonoscopy were bleeding per rectum 100 (45.7%) and change in bowel habit 36 (16.4%). Tumors in the colon/rectum were seen in 44 (19.9%) patients and polyp detection rate was 10.9% (n = 24). Records were not comprehensively kept.

Conclusion:

The high percentage of findings of tumors in patients undergoing colonoscopy in our population suggests that this service should have an expanded coverage to enable earlier diagnosis of colorectal malignancies. A better endoscopy record and data management will also be helpful.
On an Erdős inscribed triangle inequality revisited
Authors: Lupu Cezar , Spătaru Ştefan
Published: May 2024

In this note, we give a refinement of an inequality of Torrejon between the area of a triangle and that of an inscribed triangle. Our approach is based on using complex numbers and some elementary facts on geometric inequalities.
A short proof of a variant of the round-robin scheduling problem
Authors: Busenhart Chris , Leuenberger Christoph , Wasem Micha , Xu William
Published: May 2024

Suppose

2n

people participate in a sports tournament that consists of multiple rounds. In each round, two teams of

n

people are formed to play against each other. We require that every two players play at least once in opposing teams and once in the same team. For this variant of the round-robin scheduling problem, an explicit formula for the minimum number of rounds needed to satisfy both conditions has recently been published. In this short note, an alternative and short proof of this is given.
Modeling the Cost of Vaccinating a Measles Zero-Dose Child in Zambia Using Three Vaccination Strategies
Authors: Mak Joshua , Patenaude Bryan N. , Mutembo Simon , Pilewskie Monica E. , Winter Amy K. , Moss William J. , Carcelen Andrea C.
Published: May 2024

Countries with moderate to high measles-containing vaccine coverage face challenges in reaching the remaining measles zero-dose children. There is growing interest in targeted vaccination activities to reach these children. We developed a framework for prioritizing districts for targeted measles and rubella supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) for Zambia in 2020, incorporating the use of the WHO’s Measles Risk Assessment Tool (MRAT) and serosurveys. This framework was used to build a model comparing the cost of vaccinating one zero-dose child under three vaccination scenarios: standard nationwide SIA, targeted subnational SIA informed by MRAT, and targeted subnational SIA informed by both MRAT and measles seroprevalence data. In the last scenario, measles seroprevalence data are acquired via either a community-based serosurvey, residual blood samples from health facilities, or community-based IgG point-of-contact rapid diagnostic testing. The deterministic model found that the standard nationwide SIA is the least cost-efficient strategy at 13.75 USD per zero-dose child vaccinated. Targeted SIA informed by MRAT was the most cost-efficient at 7.63 USD per zero-dose child, assuming that routine immunization is just as effective as subnational SIA in reaching zero-dose children. Under similar conditions, a targeted subnational SIA informed by both MRAT and seroprevalence data resulted in 8.17–8.35 USD per zero-dose child vaccinated, suggesting that use of seroprevalence to inform SIA planning may not be as cost prohibitive as previously thought. Further refinement to the decision framework incorporating additional data may yield strategies to better target the zero-dose population in a financially feasible manner.
Ajaran yang Sehat: Merajut Kewajiban Keluarga Kristen berdasarkan Tafsir Sosio-Retorika Titus 2:1-10
Authors: Purba Daniel Rizki , Sianipar Rosmauli Tiovany
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini mengeksplorasi tafsir sosio-retorika dari Titus 2:1-10, berfokus pada kewajiban keluarga Kristen. Titus, salah satu Surat Pastoral, membahas isu-isu dalam komunitas gereja. Dengan gaya bahasa yang khas dan latar belakang historisnya, Titus memberikan nasihat kepada para pemimpin gereja dan mengatasi tantangan yang dihadapi di Kreta. Melalui analisis sosio-retorika, penelitian ini menyelidiki tekstur dalam dan antar teks, menguji peran penulis tersirat, narator, dan karakter dalam menyampaikan pesan. Teks menekankan pentingnya perilaku pribadi yang sejalan dengan ajaran yang sehat, terutama dalam struktur keluarga. Titus menganjurkan hubungan dan perilaku yang sehat dalam rumah tangga, memengaruhi dinamika masyarakat lebih luas. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini mengintegrasikan konteks sosial-budaya untuk menjelaskan pesan teks. Pada akhirnya, Titus 2:1-10 berfungsi sebagai strategi retorika yang mendorong kepatuhan pada ajaran yang sehat, dengan keluarga sebagai unit dasar untuk pendidikan moral dan perilaku. Menegakkan ajaran-ajaran ini mendorong terbentuknya komunitas yang ditandai oleh keaslian dan kebajikan, yang penting bagi setiap individu dalam unit keluarga.
VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES
Authors: Леваков С.А. , Громова Т.А. , Латфуллина Р.
Published: May 2024

В течение последних нескольких лет определяется актуальность проблемы влияния дефицита витамина D на репродуктивное здоровье женщин. В данном литературном обзоре освещается как его роль в прегравидарной подготовке, так и действие в системе мать – плацента – плод во время беременности. Дефицит витамина D также рассматривается в качестве фактора развития таких акушерских осложнений, как преэклампсия, синдром задержки роста плода, развитие угрозы прерывания беременности, выкидыша и преждевременных родов.

Over the past few years, the relevance of the problem of the impact of vitamin D deficiency on women’s reproductive health has been determined. This literature review examines its role in preconception preparation and its action in the mother-placenta-fetus system during pregnancy. Also, vitamin D deficiency is considered as a factor in the development of obstetric complications such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction syndrome, the development of threatened miscarriage, miscarriage and premature birth.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY EVALUATION OF NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA (CIN 1–2) WITH ORAL DIINDOLYLMETHANE
Authors: Леваков С.А. , Громова Т.А. , Джафарова М.М. , Кавиладзе М.Г.
Published: May 2024

Цель исследования: изучить эффективность и безопасность применения вагинальных суппозиториев на основе дииндолилметана у женщин с гистологически подтвержденной цервикальной интраэпителиальной неоплазией 1–2-й степени (CIN 1–2). Материал и методы. В рандомизированное исследование были включены 100 пациенток в возрасте от 18 до 45 лет. Основную группу составили 60 пациенток, группу контроля – 40. Пациентки основной группы получали препарат Цервикон-ДИМ в дозировке 100 мг 2 раза в сутки в течение 3 месяцев, пациентки контрольной группы – плацебо. Период наблюдения составил 3 месяца. В обеих группах проведен анализ данных цитологического исследования, ВПЧ-инфекции, кольпоскопии при контрольном осмотре пациенток через 3 месяца после начала лечения. Результаты. Результаты исследования подтвердили положительное влияние препарата Цервикон-ДИМ на элиминацию папилломавирусной инфекции, а также регресс неопластических процессов шейки матки слабой и умеренной степени (CIN 1–2). Заключение. Препарат Цервикон-ДИМ в дозировке 100 мг 2 раза в сутки характеризуется хорошей переносимостью без значительно выраженных побочных эффектов. В данном рандомизированном клиническом исследовании мы наблюдали высокий уровень клинически значимого регресса подтвержденных CIN 1–2 в основной группе исследования. Следовательно, женщинам с ВПЧ-инфекцией и CIN 1–2 целесообразно назначение препарата Цервикон-ДИМ в дозировке 100 мг 2 раза в сутки в течение 3 месяцев.

Purpose of the study. To study the efficacy and safety of the use of vaginal suppositories of diindolylmethane in women with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 1–2 (CIN 1–2). Material and methods. Our study was randomized and included 100 patients aged 18 to 45 years. The group included 60 patients, and the control group – 40. The patients who were included mainly used the drug Cervicon-DIM at a dosage of 100 mg 2 times a day for 3 months. The observation period was 3 months. An analysis was made of data from cytological examination, HPV infection, and colposcopy during a follow-up examination of patients in the main group and the group receiving placebo, 3 months after the start of treatment. Results. The results of our study confirmed the fact of the positive production of the drug Cervicon-DIM for the elimination of human papillomavirus infection, as well as the regression of neoplastic processes of the cervix of mild and moderate severity (CIN 1–2). Conclusion. Cervicon-DIM at a dosage of 100 mg 2 times a day is well tolerated without significant stimulant effects. In this randomized clinical trial, we observed a high rate of initial regression of confirmed CIN 1–2 in the main study group. Consequently, today, with HPV infection and with CIN 1–2, the main prescription of the drug Cervicon-DIM is at a dosage of 100 mg 2 times a day for 3 months.
PROJECTION OF SALT WAREHOUSE CAPACITY FOR SALT PRODUCTION CENTRE AREAS IN PASURUAN REGENCY, INDONESIA
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, AZIZ AMIN ABD. , GUNTUR GUNTUR ,   Universitas Brawijaya, LESTARIADI RISKI AGUNG ,   Universitas Brawijaya, KURNIATY RIKA ,   Universitas Brawijaya, PRAYOGO TRI BUDI ,   Universitas Brawijaya, PRAMUDIA ZULKISAM ,   Universitas Brawijaya, DHEA LUTHFIA AYU ,   Universitas Brawijaya, AGUSTINA ATMAWATI ,   Universitas Brawijaya, NIMATUS SALAMAH LUTFI ,   Universitas Brawijaya, YANUAR ADI TIYA ,   Universitas Brawijaya, KURNIAWAN ANDI ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: May 2024

Salt is one of the strategic commodities of Indonesia and East Java is the main producing area. Pasuruan Regency contributes 38.5% of East Java’s salt production. Salt farmers in the Pasuruan Regency face various obstacles such as warehousing capacity. The inadequate storage encourages them to sell their harvests without considering prices. Therefore, an analysis of warehouse capacity is very important for developing a salt business. This study examines salt warehousing capacity in the Pasuruan Regency. The methods used in this study were analysis of the Storage Space Requirement following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for the Salt Warehouse (SNI 8446: 2017) and the ARIMA method to predict the salt price. This study projects that salt production in Pasuruan Regency will continue to increase with an average annual growth of 13%. The production will reach 18,093 tonnes, equivalent to 482,476 sacks of salt in 2030. Hence, the need for storage space for salt in Pasuruan Regency in 2030 is 18,093 m2. According to the results of this study, improving the capacity and quality of salt warehouses is fundamental to develop a salt business in Pasuruan Regency.
ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF LIVELIHOOD ASSETS OWNERSHIP OF FARMERS IN CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC PADDY FARMING IN TWO ADJOINING VILLAGES
Authors:   Prince of Songkla University, SIBARANI ROBERT WILIATER , SOMBOONSUKE BUNCHA ,   Prince of Songkla University
Published: May 2024

Indonesian farmers can achieve sustainable livelihoods through organic farming. However, conventional farming is still the major agricultural application in Indonesia. Currently, there is little knowledge about the level of livelihood assets ownership by farmers between organic and conventional paddy farming to achieve sustainable livelihoods. This study is an initial comparison of the level of livelihood assets owned by organic and conventional paddy farmers. 34 conventional farmers from the Mulyo 2 farmer group and 32 organic farmers from Sumber Makmur 1 farmer group in East Java province were recruited as respondents. By using Sustainability Livelihood Analysis, it was found that human capital was at the same level between both farmer groups. The level of natural capital owned by respondents in the Mulyo 2 farmer group is higher than in Sumber Makmur 1. The level of financial, physical, and social capital for respondents in the Mulyo 2 farmer group was lower than in the Sumber Makmur 1 farmer group. It concludes that natural capital is the determinant to achieve sustainable livelihood by respondents in the Sumber Makmur 1 farmer group. Meanwhile, financial, physical, and social capital are the determinants to achieve sustainable livelihoods in the Mulyo 2 farmer group.
ENVIRONMENTAL LAW ENFORCEMENT THROUGH STATE ADMINISTRATIVE LEGAL INSTRUMENTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL CASES IN INDONESIA
Authors:   Bandung Law College, NAIBORHU NETTY S.R. , KASENDA DEKIE GG ,   Tambun Bungai Palangka Raya College of Law
Published: May 2024

Enforcement of environmental law through administrative legal instruments is very important to deter polluters. This research is a type of normative legal research based on the problems and themes raised. The research approach used is a philosophical and analytical approach, focusing on rational, analytical, critical and philosophical views, and ends with drawing conclusions which aim to produce new findings on the main problems that have been determined. It will also use the analytical descriptive method, by describing the applicable laws and regulations with legal theory and law enforcement practices that are related to the problem. Apart from that, it can also be taken through the State Administrative Court regarding the granting of permits (beschikking) by state administrative officials. Its essence is to protect, overcome, and restore the quality of the environment from pollution or damage as well as providing a deterrent effect on those responsible for violating laws and regulations on environmental protection and provisions for managing environmental permits. Research is carried out to implement environmental protection and the government must also provide penalties to prevent environmental damage.
ASSESSING SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL LOSSES OF DAM- FAILURE FLOOD RISK: A REVIEW ON SUSTAINABLE FRAMEWORK
Authors:   Universiti Tenaga Nasional, SAMSUDDIN SITI AQILAH , KARMILLA KAMAN ZEITTEY ,   Universiti Tenaga Nasional, KHANM TAMANNA ,   Universiti Tenaga Nasional, ALI ZURAIDAH ,   Universiti Tenaga Nasional, MAT NORHAYATI ,   Universiti Tenaga Nasional
Published: May 2024

Floods from dam hazards pose more catastrophic consequences than equivalent flood events due to their sudden, high-speed water flows, and lack of warning. They result in the loss of human life, the destruction of communities, and significant socio-economic and environmental losses. This paper aims to review previous studies on dam hazard flood risk assessment, identify gaps in existing models, and propose a practical methodology for a sustainable assessment framework. Through a systematic literature review using keywords like “dam failure”, “flood risk”, and “socioeconomic impact”, 179 relevant papers were found, with 20 being significant, and 5 focused on dam failure events. Prior studies mostly concentrated on technical or country-based approaches, neglecting community-based assessments. The gaps identified included a lack of consideration for social, economic, and environmental impacts, with most studies focusing solely on structural effects. This study presents an integrated framework linking flood characteristics to three main variables: (1) Social-community well-being and loss of life, (2) economic losses (both direct and indirect), and (3) environmental impact on water quality and biodiversity. To assess dam failure scenarios, a guideline for scenario-building analysis is adopted, incorporating primary and secondary data. The proposed framework aims to be concrete and user-friendly, assisting policymakers and stakeholders in assessing dam hazard-flood risks. However, it acknowledges that the effectiveness of the framework may vary based on specific dam features and the surrounding demographic, topographic, and socio-economic conditions. Although a more comprehensive assessment method is necessary, this framework represents a crucial step towards improving dam risk evaluations.
INTRODUCTION TO FIRE SAFETY PROTECTION PROCEDURES IN JOINT-STOCK COMPANY '“ELEKTROMREŽA SRBIJE'“
Authors:   JSC ELEKTROMREZA SERBIA, ĆURČIĆ Verica , JOVANOVIĆ Žika ,   JSC ELEKTROMREZA SERBIA
Published: May 2024

A JOINT-STOCK COMPANY „Elektromreža Srbije“, as part of the electric power complex in Serbia, which conducts the activities of electric power transmission and transmission system management, is a significant factor in fire risk due to its importance for the operation of the electric power system and its extensive territorial distribution. This paper presents the organization, working methods, and activities of the Fire Safety and Protection Unit.. In addition to extensive tasks in establishing preventive fire protection measures within the legal minimum, internal regulations, and standards, along with the specifics of EMS AD (a large number of facilities, remote locations, high voltage, a large amount of flammable materials, fire extinguishing conditioned by the state of the power system, remote control systems, the position of the Fire Safety and Protection Unit within the organizational structure, etc.), it is focused on finding unique ways to address these issues. This paper showcases some of the specific solutions that are applied daily in the work of the Fire Safety and Protection Service, such as electronic checklists for implementing fire protection measures (inspecting fire safety conditions in facilities, monitoring welding, cutting and soldering works, inspecting fire control panels by EMS AD's Fire Safety personnel, service execution reports), an electronic work plan for the Service, integrated electronic fire detection and extinguishing systems, notification and response schemes in case of fire, etc. The result of this approach represents progress in more efficient implementation of preventive fire protection measures and management of fire risks that affect the processes of maintaining electric power facilities and fire protection systems."
WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT AND WORKING CONDITIONS
Authors:   ASIP PREVENT, Serbia, LANC Zorana , ŽIGIĆ Nemanja ,   ASIP PREVENT, Serbia, NIKOLIĆ Pera ,   ASIP PREVENT, Serbia
Published: May 2024

Testing of working conditions, i.e. microclimatic parameters, chemical, physical, and biological hazards, and lighting, is carried out following the requirements of the Rulebook on the Procedure for Inspection and Verification of Work Equipment and Testing of Working Conditions (Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, No. 15/2023). The purpose of the inspection is to determine whether the health and safety measures in the workplace are carried introduced a new obligation to carry out preventive and periodic testing by the Plan and Program for Monitoring Working Conditions, which must include measurement points, monitoring parameters, and inspection intervals. The Monitoring must be carried out by an authorized legal entity based on the risk assessment document and in cooperation with the employer. It is known that microclimatic parameters, i.e. temperature, air velocity, and relative humidity, have a significant impact on people's thermal well-being. Some research suggests that even conditions of increased or decreased air pressure, radiation, and lighting can influence the subjective perception of satisfaction with the thermal environment. Since air is the basic medium in the working environment, the transmission of physical, chemical, and biological hazards is influenced by microclimatic parameters, among others. Considering that the conditions of the working environment are a complex issue and therefore require a multidisciplinary approach that takes into account the combined effect and interactivity of working conditions, the need for monitoring is more than clear. An important prerequisite for developing a high-quality monitoring Plan and Program is understanding the role that working conditions have on health and knowing how to select only those conditions that are relevant for testing. In this regard, it would certainly be helpful to provide guidance. The paper briefly explains the relationship between working environment conditions and their impact on humans and provides guidelines on the selection of elements for testing in specific industries. These guidelines represent the authors' way of thinking to find a practical solution that meets the requirements and needs of stakeholders while complying with legal regulations. There is certainly room for discussion, but in addition to the above points, the basic idea is to join forces to solve a multidisciplinary problem to ensure the highest level of safety and health in the workplace