bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA Profiling and the Law in South Africa
Authors: De Wet S , Oosthuizen H , Visser J
Published: June 2017

DNA evidence is currently at the forefront of the arsenal of evidence employed in criminal trials. To ensure its optimum use in criminal proceedings, it is imperative that the legal fraternity is properly conversant with the scientific basis and presentation of such evidence, as well as with its potential pitfalls. In an effort to provide the legal profession with a background to this complex and useful type of evidence, this article looks at the biochemical nature of DNA, at DNA profiling and its use in criminal trials, and at the processes of DNA collection and analysis in the Biology Unit of the Forensic Science Laboratory of the South African Police Service. The presentation of DNA evidence in court is then evaluated and the future of DNA evidence, including legislative reform, and the creation of a DNA database are discussed.
The Requirement of Being a "Fit and Proper" Person for the Legal Profession
Authors: Slabbert Magda
Published: June 2017

An important requirement for admission as an attorney or advocate is to be a "fit and proper" person. Lawyers are also struck from the respective rolls of advocates or attorneys if they cease to be "fit and proper". This requirement of being a "fit and proper" person is not defined or described in legislation. It is left to the subjective interpretation of and application by seniors in the profession and ultimately the court. In the apartheid years this requirement was applied arbitrarily but today the question may be asked why some lawyers who have been found to be "fit and proper" do not act as such. The pre-admission character screening of lawyers seems not to be effective any more. Post- admission moral development is imperative.
Distinguishing Between Private Law and Social-Security Law in Deducting Social Grants from Claims for Loss of Support
Authors: Steynberg L
Published: June 2017

This article attempts to highlight the potential danger in applying private-law principles to social-security law in deciding whether or not social grants should be deducted from awards for damages. Typically, this issue comes to the fore where a damage-causing event, such as death, sets into motion a system that provides for the payment of social benefits, damages or both. In social-security law, the receipt of more than one social benefit is called "double dipping", whereas in private law the problem of double compensation is addressed by applying the collateral-source rule. In some instances the applicable legislation clearly prescribes the deduction or not of the social benefit, but unfortunately our legislation is not always clear on this issue and this can best be illustrated by two recent conflicting decisions in Makhuvela (SGHC) and Timis (SCA). In Makhuvela the court held that a foster-care grant should be disregarded in calculating the award for damages, inter alia because the child will never have a claim to the grant. In Timis the SCA distinguished the facts from Makhuvela and held that the child-support grants received by the mother after the father's death are directly linked to the death of the father and should therefore be deducted from her claim for loss of support. It is submitted that although the outcome of the Timis decision is correct, the court should have incorporated the means test into the process of deciding if the grant should be deducted from the compensation. A two-phase approach is suggested: first determine if the receipt of the grant is directly linked to the death of the breadwinner, and secondly determine how the grant and the subsequent settlement paid by a wrongdoer will affect the circumstances of a particular individual or family. The objectives in social-security law differ from the objectives in the law of damages and therefore the principles applied in cases of double dipping cannot be equated with those applied in cases of collateral benefits.
Demystification of the Inquisitorial System
Authors: Harms LTC
Published: June 2017

Criminal procedure in South Africa is outdated and does not produce speedy justice. The Criminal Procedure Act requires a revamp. Lessons can be learnt from the inquisitorial systems but local lawyers have preconceived ideas, based on ignorance, about those systems. It would be useful to consider the successful convergence of the accusatorial and inquisatorial systems attained in the rules of international criminal courts for local application.
Legislative Exclusions or Exemptions of Property from the Insolvent Estate
Authors: Evans Roger G
Published: June 2017

The general policy in South African insolvency law is that assets must be recovered and included in the insolvent estate, and that this action must be to the advantage of the creditors of the insolvent estate. But there are several exceptions to this rule and an asset that is the subject of such an exception may be excluded from the insolvent estate. The Insolvency Act, however, does not expressly distinguish between excluded and exempt assets, thereby resulting in problem areas in the field of exemption law in insolvency in South Africa. It may be argued that the fundamental difference between excluded and exempt assets is that excluded assets should never form part of an insolvent estate and should be beyond the reach of the creditors of the insolvent estate, while exempt assets initially form part of the insolvent estate, but in certain circumstances may be exempted from the estate for the benefit of the insolvent debtor, thereby allowing the debtor to use such excluded or exempt assets to start afresh before or after rehabilitation. Modern society, socio-political developments and human rights requirements have necessitated a broadening of the classes of assets that should be excluded or exempted from insolvent estates. This article considers assets excluded from the insolvent estates of individual debtors by legislation other than the Insolvency Act. It must, however, be understood that these legislative provisions relate to insolvent estates and thus generally overlap in one way or another with some provisions of the Insolvency Act.
Unpacking the Law and Practice Relating to Parole in South Africa
Authors: Mujuzi Jamil D
Published: June 2017

The possibility of the early release of offenders on parole is meant to act inter alia as an incentive to ensure that prisoners behave meritoriously while serving their sentences. The South African Correctional Services Act No.111 of 1998 deals with the release of offenders on parole. This article discusses the jurisprudence emanating from South African courts dealing with various aspects of parole. In particular, the article deals with the following issues: parole as a privilege; the role of the executive and the legislature in the parole system; the period to be served before an offender is paroled; the stipulated non-parole period; and the courts’ intervention in releasing prisoners on parole.
The Concept of a "Decision" as the Threshold Requirement for Judicial Review in terms of the Promotion of Administrative Justice Act
Authors: Williams RC
Published: June 2017

The Promotion of Administrative Justice Act 3 of 2000 defines administrative action as “any decision [of a specified kind]" taken by specified persons or entities.  The Act goes on to define decision as “any decision of an administrative nature made, proposed to be made, or required to be made, as the case may be”, including certain specified categories of decision.  The decision in Bhugwan v JSE Ltd 2010 3 SA 335 (GSJ) highlights the distinction between a “decision”, as so defined (which may be amenable to judicial review in terms of the Act) and an inchoate decision (that is not amenable to such review).. The judgment in this case is, to date, the only judicial authority in South Africa on this critical threshold requirement to be established by any applicant for judicial review in terms of the Promotion of Administrative Justice Act.
Editorial
Authors: Venter Francois
Published: June 2017

This issue opens with an oratio by one of South Africa's most senior judges, the Honourable LTC Harms who suggests that the South African criminal justice system should learn from the experience of international criminal courts regarding a merger of elements from accusatorial and inquisitorial systems.

Shaun de Freitas and Georgia Myburgh of the University of the Free State argue that, if the protection of being human serves as the common denominator in the international discussion of human rights, and if human rights are deeply inclusive, however culturally and historically diverse, then failure to deliberate on the legal status and protection of the unborn may be seen as a failure to extend respect where it is due.

Roger Evans of UNISA contends that modern society, socio-political developments and human rights requirements have necessitated a broadening of the classes of assets that should be excluded or exempted from insolvent estates.
South African Private Security Contractors Active in Armed Conflicts: Citizenship, Prosecution and the Right to Work
Authors: Bosch Shannon , Maritz Marelie
Published: June 2017

South Africa has adopted two pieces of legislation since 1998 aimed at restricting one of the fastest growing sectors of the global economy: the private security industry. Not only is this legislation completely unique, but it appears wholly at odds with international opinion. In this article we place private security contractors (PSCs) under the microscope of international law, exploring the role they play in armed conflicts, and the status afforded them by international humanitarian law (IHL). We address the issue of prohibited mercenarism, questioning whether PSCs should be categorised as mercenaries. We then shift our focus to the South African legislation and discuss the ambit of its application as compared with international law obligations to outlaw mercenaries. We discuss the likelihood of successful prosecution of PSCs, and the potential penalties that PSCs might face in terms of the South African legislation. Lastly we consider the constitutional challenges which might emerge as this legislation, and a proposed amendment to the South African Citizenship Act threaten the constitutionally protected rights of South African PSCs to practise a profession and enjoy citizenship.
Unauthorised adaptation of computer programmes - is criminalisation a solution? Haupt T/A Softcopy v Brewers Marketing Intelligence (Pty) Ltd 2006 4 SA 458 (SCA)
Authors: Muswaka Linda
Published: June 2017

In Haupt t/a Softcopy v Brewers Marketing Intelligence (Pty) Ltd 2006 4 SA 458 (SCA) Haupt sought to enforce a copyright claim in the Data Explorer computer programme against Brewers Marketing Intelligence (Pty) Ltd. His claim was dismissed in the High Court and he appealed to the Supreme Court of Appeal. The Court held that copyright in the Data Explorer programme vested in Haupt. Haupt acquired copyright in the Data Explorer programme regardless of the fact that the programme was as a result of an unauthorised adaptation of the Project AMPS programme which belonged to Brewers Marketing Intelligence (Pty) Ltd. This case note inter alia analyses the possibility of an author being sued for infringement even though he has acquired copyright in a work that he created by making unauthorised adaptations to another's copyright material. Furthermore, it examines whether or not the law adequately protects copyright owners in situations where infringement takes the form of unauthorised adaptations of computer programmes. It is argued that the protection afforded by the Copyright Act 98 of 1978 (Copyright Act) in terms of section 27(1) to copyright owners of computer programmes is narrowly defined. It excludes from its ambit of criminal liability the act of making unauthorised adaptation of computer programmes. The issue that is considered is therefore whether or not the unauthorised adaptation of computer programmes should attract a criminal sanction. In addressing this issue and with the aim of making recommendations, the legal position in the United Kingdom (UK) is analysed. From the analysis it is recommended that the Copyright Act be amended by the insertion of a new section, section 27(1)(A), which will make the act of making an unauthorised adaptation of a computer programme an offence. This recommended section will close the gap that currently exists in our law with regard to unauthorised adaptations of computer programmes.
Justice delayed is justice denied: Protecting Miners against Occupational injuries and diseases: Comments on Mankayi v Anglogold Ashanti Ltd 2011 32 ILJ 545 (CC)
Authors: Tshoose CIarence
Published: June 2017

In the Mankayai v Anglogold Ashant Ltd 2011 32 ILJ 545 (CC) the Constitutional Court was called upon to give meaning and content by interpreting the provision of section 35 of Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act 130 of 1993 (COIDA) and section 100(2) of the Occupational Diseases in Mines and Works Act 78 of 1973. The Court had to determine if the employee common-law right of recourse against his employer in cases where he sustained occupational diseases is extinguished by virtue of section 35(1) of COIDA. The purpose of this case note is twofold: firstly, it analyses the decision of the Constitutional Court in the Mankayi case; secondly, the case note looks at the significance of the Mankayi case for the system of occupational health and safety in South Africa. In conclusion, the contribution explores the need for the introduction of a unified system which will address issues of occupational health and safety in a coordinated and unified manner.
KAJIAN NEW HISTORICISM NOVEL KUBAH KARYA AHMAD TOHARI
Authors: Sahliyah Chalifatus
Published: June 2017

This study aims to describe the representation of (1) Indonesian history, (2) culture, and (3) economy in the novel Kubah. The novel, written by Ahmad Tohari, is analyzed using New Historicism, in which non-literary texts are drawn on to understand the literary text being analyzed. The research procedure involves: (1) parallel reading technique, that is reading both the novel and the non-literary texts simultaneously, (2) analysis, as shown in the data presentation and discussion, involving parallel reading in which events in the novel are highlighted and related to the non-literary texts; and (3) drawing conclusion based on the analysis of historical, cultural and economic facts contained in the novel, which have been cross-checked against the non-literary texts of similar topics. The results of the analysis include: (1) historical representation of the recruitment, the hiding, the arrest, and the exile of PKI (Indonesian communist parti) members before and after the 1965 tragedy; (2) cultural representation of the Javanese, as indicated in the language use, figurative speech and the Javanese tembang; and (3) economic representation as signaled by the weakening of the economic condition after the 1965 tragedy. The use of new historicism in analyzing the novel Kubah is expected to broaden the readers’ historical knowledge, thus avoiding the bitter experiences in the past to repeat themselves in the future.Keywords: new historicism, representation, history, culture, economy
Histórias de vida: marcas do trauma em narrativas de sobreviventes da Shoah
Authors: Levy Sofia Débora
Published: June 2017

Neste artigo, as narrativas de judeus sobreviventes do Holocausto são analisadas em sua estruturação textual, tendo como viés a compreensão psicológica das dificuldades de elaboração de vivências traumáticas. Considerando a desestruturação psíquica decorrente dos sucessivos traumas sofridos, notamos o déficit da capacidade aperceptiva durante o choque advindo das situações de violência e trauma. Em nosso entender, faz-se necessário reestimular essa capacidade a fim de auxiliar na reelaboração e reestruturação do psiquismo. Baseados em revisões de literatura, bem como em entrevistas levadas a cabo em nossa pesquisa de campo desdobrada em estudos de caso junto a sobreviventes, apresentamos algumas marcas nas narrativas de sobreviventes do Holocausto características dos traumas rememorados. A estruturação textual e a pontuação são alguns dos recursos que evidenciam essas marcas e o gradativo avanço na enunciação das dores rememoradas.
Juiz de Fora, um shtetl em Minas Gerais
Authors: Goldberg Jacob Pinheiro
Published: June 2017

Juiz de Fora, um shtetl em Minas Gerais
Vou fazer da palavra
Authors: Grzybowski Adam , Goldman Luis
Published: June 2017

Vou fazer da palavra
Concavidade
Authors: Schechtman Alfredo
Published: June 2017

Concavidade
Liberdade de escolher como morrer: resistência armada de judeus no Holocausto, de Silvia Lerner
Authors: Oliveira Késia Rodrigues de
Published: June 2017

Resenha a: LERNER, Silvia Rosa. Liberdade de escolher como morrer: resistência armada de judeus no Holocausto. Rio de Janeiro: Imprimatur, 2015. 160p.
Medical methods of abortion using lowest effective dose of mifepristone and misoprostol: case study of 100 women
Authors: Anjum Mehvish , D. Nivedita
Published: June 2017

Background: Medical abortion or Medical Methods of abortion (MMA) (or Chemical abortion) is defined as “the non-surgical way of termination of termination of pregnancy by a drug or combination of drugs”. With introduction of MMA there has been a steep rise in abortion related complications due to irrational use of these drugs. This study is undertaken using lowest effective dose of mifepristone and misoprostol in 100 women willing for termination of pregnancy with period of gestation <49 days to study the efficacy, side effects and failure rate. Present study emphasizes on using MMA by proper selection of patient, adhering to proper schedule under provision of MTP Act (counselling, consent, examination, confirmation of pregnancy, prescription by a registered medical practioner) in order to enhance efficacy and avoid complications.Methods: Prospective Clinical Study consist of use of single dose of 200mg of mifepristone orally followed by misoprostol (400µg) by vaginal route for terminating pregnancy in ≤49 days of gestation. Statistical analysis done by Chi square test.Results: In this study, success rate i.e. complete abortion without requiring surgical procedure was 96%and failure rate was 4%. Nausea (56%) is the most common side effect of Mifepristone. Chills (33%) is the most common side effect of Misoprostol. Mean Induction Abortion Interval is 2.17±1.2 hrs. Mean Duration of Bleeding is 7.79±4.42 days.Conclusions: Medical abortion is a promising method of early abortion in a developing country like India as it requires no technical skills and manpower with a good safety profile.
Forma vs. função na história da linguística brasileira: debates e ‘retórica’ de ruptura – uma interpretação pela Historiografia da Linguística
Authors: Batista Ronaldo de Oliveira
Published: June 2017

RESUMO: Por meio de uma historiografia que privilegia a ‘retórica’ de linguistas como elemento indicial de movimentos de ruptura ou continuidade na produção e difusão de ideias linguísticas, este artigo analisa um episódio da linguística brasileira das décadas de 1980 e 1990, quando se colocou em debate as perspectivas formalista e funcionalista. A partir de um ‘quadro sócio-retórico’ de análise, que define diretrizes teórico-metodológicas desta proposta, toma-se como corpus um debate veiculado no periódico DELTA, considerado como nosso documento histórico de análise. O trabalho apresenta algumas considerações sobre o que se entende como ‘retórica’ em Historiografia da Linguística e o tratamento historiográfico desse momento no qual linguistas, em busca da legitimação social e institucional de saberes, se colocaram em posição de ruptura, por meio da elaboração textual-discursiva dos textos que escreveram para o periódico.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Historiografia da Linguística, Quadro Sócio-Retórico, Retórica, Linguística Brasileira
Luise Ey e A Portuguese conversation-Grammar de 1912: uma abordagem prática ao ensino do português como língua segunda
Authors: Lopes Ângela Filipe
Published: June 2017

RESUMO:

Luise Ey publicou inúmeras gramáticas de teor prático dirigidas a aprendentes adultos de português como L2 no início do séc. XX na Alemanha. Herdeira da tradição humboldtiana e do movimento reformista no ensino de línguas na Europa do séc. XIX, esta autora, residente no Porto, Portugal, por vários anos, surge como uma interveniente importante no processo de ensino do português L2 da época por preconizar uma abordagem prática ao ensino e ao uso da língua, evidenciando para isso o papel da fonética na sua Portuguese Conversation-Grammar de 1912.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: historiografia gramatical; Luise Ey; ensino de português L2; reforma do ensino de línguas no séc XX
Apresentação
Authors: Cavaliere Ricardo
Published: June 2017

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Dried human skin fibroblasts as a new substratum for functional culture of hepatic cells
Authors: Wencel Agnieszka , Zakrzewska Karolina Ewa , Samluk Anna , Noszczyk Bartłomiej Henryk , Pijanowska Dorota Genowefa , Pluta Krzysztof Dariusz
Published: June 2017

The primary hepatocytes culture is still one of the main challenges in toxicology studies in drug discovery, development of in vitro models to study liver function, and cell-based therapies. Isolated hepatocytes display a rapid decline in viability and liver-specific functions including albumin production, conversion of ammonia to urea, and activity of the drug metabolizing enzymes. A number of methods have been developed in order to maintain hepatocytes in their highly differentiated state in vitro. Optimization of culture conditions includes a variety of media formulations and supplements, growth surface coating with the components of extracellular matrix or with synthetic polymers, three-dimensional growth scaffolds and decellularized tissues, and coculture with other cell types required for the normal cell-cell interactions. Here we propose a new substratum for hepatic cells made by drying of a confluent human skin fibroblasts’ culture. This growth surface coating, prepared using maximally simplified procedure, combines the advantages of the use of extracellular matrices and growth factors/cytokines secreted by the feeder layer cells. In comparison to the hepatoma cells grown on a regular tissue culture plastic cells cultured on the dried fibroblasts were able to synthesize albumin in larger quantities and to form greater number of apical vacuoles. Additionally, the number of cells grown on the new substratum was not reduced after fourteen days of culture, as it was noticed for coculture with the living feeder layer cells. This fact could make the dried fibroblasts coating an ideal candidate for the substrate for non-dividing human hepatocytes.
Fissuras na mente silenciada: indiferença, conflito e libertação
Authors: Costa Chirla Miranda da
Published: June 2017

Fissuras na mente silenciada: indiferença, conflito e libertação
As mãos não podem salvar o mundo
Authors: Campos Joana D'arc Chaves , Silva Lêda Valéria Alves da
Published: June 2017

As mãos não podem salvar o mundo
Chuva das Perseidas
Authors: Knobbe Margarida Maria
Published: June 2017

Chuva das Perseidas
PENDIDIKAN REMAJA DALAM KELUARGA DI DESA MERABUAN, KALIMANTAN BARAT (PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM)
Authors: . Aslan
Published: June 2017

The research discusses adolescents as an issue of education in the family. As many experts recognize that family education is a major issue in the study of Islamic education. This is because the family is the first place for learning and planting Islamic values of a child to adolescence. In the context of family education, parents have a very vital position, in which parents become the main figures for a child in obtaining the internalization of the expected values in the family. This study is a field research that takes the site to families in Merabuan village, Sambas district, West Kalimantan, focusing on adolescents as the unit of analysis. Data collection techniques in this research using interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings of this research explain that family education conducted by families in Merabuan village through exemplary in the family environment, with the ways often provide guidance and advice, encouraging adolescents into youth members of the mosque, including adolescents praying in congregation in the mosque.
Dakwah Ulama Tentang Zakat Pertanian Di Kecamatan Anjir Pasar Kabupaten Barito Kuala.
Authors: Rina Rina , Syuhada Syuhada
Published: June 2017

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah; Untuk mengetahui pandangan ulama tentang zakat pertanian, materi, Metode yang disampaikan dan digunakan oleh ulama pada masyarakat Kecamatan Anjir Pasar Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Dakwah Ulama tentang Zakat Pertanian di Kecamatan Anjir Pasar Kabupaten Barito Kuala, adalah ; Para ulama sepakat bahwa zakat pertanian, khususnya padi,  hukumnya adalah wajib. Tetapi mereka berbeda pendapat tentang jumlah belik padi yang wajib dizakati. Sebagian berpendapat apabila padi sudah sampai 100 belik maka wajib dizakati. Yang lainnya berpendapat kalau padi sudah sampai 85 belik maka wajib dizakati. Kemudian ada juga yang berpendapat bahwa kalau padi sudah sampai 84 belik baru wajib dizakati. Namun mereka semua berpendapat bahwa jumlah zakat yang dikeluarkan adalah 10 %. Materi Dakwah yang disampaikan para Ulama di Kecamatan Anjir Pasar tentang zakat pertanian tidak terlepas dari hukum-hukumnya serta bagian-bagiannya, seperti takaran wajib pemberian zakat  ataupun orang-orang yang berhak menerima zakat tersebut. Terkait materi tersebut, kemudian beberapa ulama juga menjelaskan bahwa selain menyampaikan materi terkait zakat pertanian, mereka juga menyampaikan materi-materi yang lain, seperti kewajiban sholat dan lain-lain. Metode dakwah para Ulama dalam  penyampaian materi tentang zakat pertanian tersebut biasanya dilaksanakaan oleh para ulama dengan dua metode yang digunakan yaitu metode dakwah bil lisan dan dakwah bil Hikmah. Dakwah bil lisan seperti ceramah mingguan ataupun bulanan biasanya dilakukan oleh Ulama dalam kesempatan tertentu seperti pengajian rutin, majelis ta’lim maupun undangan-undangan acara di masyarakat. Selain itu dalam acara-acara besar tentu  juga diisi dengan ceramah-ceramah agama. Dalam kesempatan lain juga disampaikan materi dakwah dengan metode bil lisan seperti dalam Khutbah Jum’at.
Strategi Komunikasi Para Guru Dalam Penyampaian Pesan-Pesan Keagamaan Kepada Siswa Di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Kelua
Authors: Hartoni Sahib , Armiah Armiah , Gusriani Raden Yani
Published: June 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi para guru dalam penyampaian pesan-pesan keagamaan kepada siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Kelua, faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya serta upaya-upaya yang dilakukan oleh para guru MAN Kelua.Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah serta seluruh staf dewan guru yang berjumlah 40 orang. Adapun objek penelitian ini adalah strategi komunikasi para guru dalam penyampaian pesan-pesan keagamaan kepada siswa, faktor pendukung dan penghambat, serta upaya-upaya yang dilakukan oleh para guru MAN Kelua.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (fiedl research), sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumenter, sedangkan teknik pengolahan data menggunakan metode kualitatif kemudian diberikan kesimpulan dengan metode induktif.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa strategi komunikasi para guru dalam penyampaian pesan-pesan keagamaan kepada siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Kelua adalah dengan pendekatan nasehat dan suri tauladan. Strategi lain adalah dengan pembinaan dan praktek langsung serta melalui penugasan-penugasan sekolah. Pesan keagamaan yang disampaikan kepada siswa terdiri dari aspek keimanan, ibadah dan akhlak.Faktor pendukung para guru dalam penyampain pesan-pesan keagamaan adalah kebijakan kewajiban membaca Alquran setiap pagi, sholat zuhur berjamaah dan lingkungan sekolah yang islami. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah kurangnya kemampuan guru dalam bercerita, pemahaman siswa yang beragam, kurang memperhatikan saat diberikan pelajaran serta latar belakang keluarga yang berbeda.Usaha yang dilakukan para guru dalam menunjang strateginya adalah selalu memberikan kesempatan kepada setiap siswa untuk sharing dan bertanya terhadap permasalahan yang dihadapi dan belum dipahami, menegur langsung siswa yang melanggar peraturan dan memberikan sanksi sesuai kesalahannya, selalu belajar dan memperluas wawasan keilmuan dan selalu mendukung kebijakan sekolah mewujudkan lingkungan islami.
Romantika Rumah Tangga Rasulullah SAW
Authors: Rahmah, S.Ag., M.S Mariyatul Norhidayati
Published: June 2017

This paper was made in order to delve deeper into the most precious of human life, which is "the Prophet Muhammad - the Prophet", along with romance and the ups and downs of Household Prophet with a pledge "Baiti Jannati - my house is my paradise". Hopefully, from here we can reap valuable lesson from the Prophet related the life of Household. Because of the historical record of Household of the Prophet Muhammad's life does not escape from the various events, laden with psychological atmosphere and romance interesting dynamics. Of course not only to observe, but to be used as a reference of learning, problem solving, as well as being an example to the Sakinah Family Mawaddah Warahmah. Prophet exemplified as a Bringer in addition to the Minutes of Prophethood, can also be seen in the context of a human body, or what is often referred to as basyariyyatunnabi Allah.
Media Cetak dan Elektronik dalam Bimbingan Penyuluhan
Authors: . Rahmiyati
Published: June 2017

Everything is so abstract that will certainly lead to different conclusions and perceptions could even lead to a false perception of the message being delivered. That is why the implementation of the guidance and counseling should use the media to bear on guidance and counseling is effective. It is inevitable that the tools or media is required by anyone, let alone for an extension whose primary task is always interacting with others. Thus the extension should use the media in the process of counseling. Media will be able to help the educator to convey the message that the abstract to be real, can membankitkan individual spirit and can easily arouse the consciousness of the individual. Before using an extension media should be able to choose and use the right media with activities of counseling in order to run effectively and efficiently.
Relasi Agama dan Budaya
Authors: Aziza Aulia
Published: June 2017

Analyze religion and culture in the sociological construction is indeed an interesting thing to do, especially when it is associated with structural and cultural dynamics of transitional community towards a modern informative society. Therefore this article attempts to provide an overview of how sociology interpret religious relations in subjective and objective reality in human life. Menganalis agama dan kebudayaan dalam konstruksi sosiologis memang merupakan sesuatu yang menarik dilakukan, apalagi ketika itu terkait dengan dinamika structural dan kutural pada masyarakat yang sedang mengalami transisi budaya menuju masyarakat modern informative. Untuk itu tulisan ini mencoba untuk memberikan sedikat gambaran bagaimana sosiologi menafsir hubungan agama dalam realitas objektif dan subjektif di kehidupan manusia.
Mad’u: Disabilitas dalam Islam
Authors: Rahmah Rahmah
Published: June 2017

Da'wah is not only delivered to people who look perfect in terms of physical and psychological apsects but also for people who have a limitation in that respect. Getting to know and understand their circumstances become an important task for a da'i that the message was really accepted by those who were subjected to dakwah. God created humans with a variety of unique individual, including those who have limited or called with disabilities. Islam appreciate them without differentiate it from the others, got the same rights and obligations included in getting a call from da'i.Dakwah tidak hanya disampaikan kepada orang-orang yang terlihat sempurna dari segi fisik dan psikis tetapi juga bagi orang-orang yang mempunyai keterbasan dalam hal tersebut. Mengenal dan memahami keadaan mereka menjadi tugas penting bagi seorang Da’i agar pesan yang ingin disampaikan benar-benar bisa diterima oleh orang-orang yang menjadi sasaran dakwah. Manusia diciptakan Allah dengan beragam keunikan masingmasing termasuk bagi mereka yang mempunyai keterbatasan atau yang disebut dengan disabilitas. Islam menghargai mereka tanpa membedakannya dengan yang lain, mendapat hak dan kewajiban yang sama termasuk dalam mendapatkan seruan dari penda’i.
Mobile Phone: Sejarah, Tuntutan Kebutuhan Komunikasi, Hingga Prestise.
Authors: Art. G. Yasser
Published: June 2017

Human desire to keep on communicating bulldoze constraints of time and space in turn trigger an attempt to create a tool to bridge the limitations of earlier. The codes are transmitted in the conventional form of simple visual and sound that still leaves human dissatisfaction remote communication (tele-communication), effectiveness and efficiency of the smoke, sound, sign of morse, certainly not yet enough. Jump skip the age, and found the telegraph to the appearance of the phone (cable) ago cordless phone which then called the cell phone (mobile phone) is then transformed into revolution. These evolution then became revolution of functions and capabilities that are owned by the cell phone. The sophisticated of mobile phone technology finaly push it not just as a phone but far beyond that, also its additional functions. Which should be recognized and taken into account is the impact of which was carrying was also becoming more sophisticated.Hasrat manusia untuk tetap dapat berkomunikasi melibas kendala batasan ruang dan waktu pada akhirnya memicu usaha untuk menciptakan alat untuk menjembatani keterbatasan tadi. Kode-kode yang dikirimkan secara konvensional berupa visual dan suara yg sederhana masih menyisakan ketidakpuasan komunikasi jarak jauh manusia, efektifitas dan efisiensi pada asap, bunyi, tanda morse, tentu belumlah cukup. Sedikit melompati masa, lalu ditemukan telegraf hingga kemunculan telepon (kabel) kemudian telepon tanpa kabel yang kemudian disebut ponsel (telepon selular). Evolusi ini kemudian berubah revolusi fungsi dan kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh ponsel. Kecanggihan teknologi mendorongnya menjadi selain fungsi bukan hanya sekadar telepon tapi juga fungsi tambahannya. Kesadaran dan yang perlu dipertimbangkan adalah dampak yang dibawanya pun juga semakin canggih.
KONTROVERSI PERSOALAN IMÂMAH DI KALANGAN KAUM SYI’AH
Authors: Hatta Mawardy
Published: June 2017

Imamate is the main Shi'ite doctrine. They use the term Imam as a substitute for a degree of prophet office after his death. Shi'ites in particular Imami Itsna Asy'ari and Isma'ilism found an eligible priest to be after Prophet Muhammad’s death is Ali bin Abi Talib. While the Prophet never specify who should be a priest, he only mentions the qualities of a priest and accidental properties that are owned by Ali bin Abi Talib, so Ali should be chosen become a priest. Thinking about the Imamate, Shiites refer to events that occurred in Ghadir Khum, where the prophet has returned from the Farewell Pilgrimage stopped in Ghadir area Arafah. Then, he appointed and inaugurated Ali bin Abi Thaib to be his successor as priest. This event is believed by a group of Imami Itsna Asy'ari and Isma'ilism as the basis for the appointment of Ali as priests. In addition they also use Qur’anic verses that are understood and interpreted according to their version, as a proposition or argument in strengthening the doctrine of the Imamate. While the group did not seem to wear Zaidiyyah the arguments and the Ghadir event.
TRANSMISI HADIS DAN KONTRIBUSINYA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN JARINGAN KEILMUAN DALAM ISLAM
Authors: Saifuddin Saifuddin
Published: June 2017

Transmisi dan difusi ilmu-ilmu keislaman sepanjangsejarahnya hampir selalu melibatkan semacam “jaringan ulama”. Prosesterbentuknya jaringan ulama ini tidak dapat dipisahkan dariperkembangan tradisi Islam sendiri. Tidak diragukan hadis merupakancabang ilmu yang secara khusus memiliki peran signifikan. Dalam studidan transmisi hadis terdapat sebuah tradisi keilmuan yang dikenal dengan“al-rihlat fî thalab al-hadîts”. Selain itu, sistem jaringan sanad (isnâd)yang sangat dipentingkan dalam transmisi hadis juga mempunyaipengaruh nyata dalam pembentukan jaringan ulama.
PERKEMBANGAN SYARAH HADIS DALAM TRADISI KEILMUAN ISLAM
Authors: Sagir Akhmad
Published: June 2017

Uraian (Syarah) hadis merupakan satu aspek penting dalam kajian hadis yangmemberikan penekanan pada kepahaman dan uraian serja penjelasan terhadapsesuatu yang disandarkan kepada Nabi s.a.w. syarah hadis bukanlah perbincanganbaru dalam tradisi keilmuan Islam. Ia dimulai sejak awal dengan keterlibatansebagian besar para muhadditsun. Bagaimanapun juga, evolusi perkembangan dankematangannya dari aspek penulisannya agak terlambat dibandingkan dengancabang ilmu hadis yang lain. Hal ini dikarenakan syarah hadis itu merupakanintegrasi ilmu-ilmu yang berkaitan dengan hadis, lughah, tatabahasa, ushul fiqh,sejarah dan sebagainya.
Situación actual de Colletotrichums spp. en México: Taxonomía, caracterización, patogénesis y control
Authors: Rojo-Báez Indira , Álvarez-Rodríguez Brando , García-Estrada Raymundo S. , León-Félix Josefina , Sañudo-Barajas Adriana , Allende-Molar Raúl
Published: June 2017

Las especies del género Colletotrichum son agentes causales de antracnosis en un amplio rango de hospedantes. De acuerdo con estudios taxonómicos, Colletotrichum se clasifica filogenéticamente en 9 clados; la identificación molecular de los complejos de especies se basa en distintas regiones genómicas conservadas. En México, se han reportado 46 especies de las cuales 28 se identificaron a nivel morfológico y 18 a nivel molecular. C. gloeosporioides y C. truncatum son las principales especies reportadas que afectan a un mayor número de hospedantes como papaya, chile, mango, limón y aguacate, entre otros. Este rango amplio de hospedantes puede deberse a la habilidad

del hongo de emplear diferentes estrategias de infección: colonización intramural subcuticular o colonización intracelular. Las estrategias de control en Colletotrichum spp. incluyen control físico,químico y biológico, entre otras. El objetivo de esta revisión consiste endescribir el estado actual de las especies de Colletotrichum en México.
Unrepresented and ethical value in contemporary esthetical paradigms
Authors: Alp Kafiye Ozlem
Published: June 2017

It is not a new question whether art is an ontological field or an ethic value field. But when this question is asked, it is understood that it is closely related with several parameters such as what art and artist do and do not represent, ethics and readability of representation. Especially, whole art history made art works, artists and style of eras dependable on how to read what they represent and/or represented. All this representation character in some instance requires the implemented relation of art with reality and meaning to be dealt with both formal and ethic value. In this study, modern esthetics which is purely ontological and autonomous field with elitist behavior is criticized; an essay containing contemporary discussions is done on new paradigms and their representation formats which developed a new esthetics on what they do not represent through ethical value within the frame of historic dynamics.  

Keywords: Contemporary Esthetics, Ethical Value, Unrepresented
A study on graduate level education in architecture: Case of Turkey
Authors: Asak Ilayda
Published: June 2017

Today, there are 41 universities offering graduate education programs in architecture. Those programs cover a number of different topics including architectural conservation and restoration, architectural restoration, architectural design, informatics in architectural design, architectural planning and design, architecture history, architectural history and theory, architecture and built environment, digital design in architecture and production. The council of higher education presents that 2978 master theses submitted and approved by Council of higher education.  In this study, the master theses submitted to the graduate programs have been investigated. Matrix has been developed regarding o the sex, language, topics, universities. The types of graduate school are natural science and social science. The results of the study show that the number of female students is higher than the male students. The number of theses in Turkish is increasing. The increasing number of theses investigating build technology builds physics and building and construction and computational design is of importance. It is possible to determine that the current and popular topics of Turkish graduate programs in Architecture are in parallel with the prevailing agenda of World architecture.

Key Words: theses in architecture, graduate level education, architectural education.
Effect of Non‐Surgical Periodontal Therapy Along With Myo‐Inositol on High‐Sensitivity C‐Reactive Protein and Insulin Resistance in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Deepti  , Tewari Shikha , Narula Satish Chander , Singhal Savita Rani , Sharma Rajinder Kumar
Published: June 2017

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of non‐surgical periodontal therapy and medical treatment on the level of a serologic marker of inflammation (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein [hsCRP]) and insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment [HOMA]) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and chronic periodontitis (CP).

Methods: Women with PCOS and CP (n = 60) were randomly divided into two groups. The test group was treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) and myo‐inositol (MI). The control group was treated with MI and given oral hygiene instructions. Anthropometric, metabolic, and periodontal parameters were assessed at baseline and re‐evaluated at 3 and 6 months. All parameters of both groups at 6 months were compared with 25 systemically and periodontally healthy females (group A).

Results: Periodontal parameters were significantly improved in the test group compared with the control group at 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up (P <0.001). A statistically significant reduction was observed in hsCRP and HOMA in both groups at 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up (P <0.05). However, significantly more improvement in hsCRP (P <0.05) and a statistically comparable reduction in HOMA (P >0.05) was observed in the test group compared with the control group at 3 and 6 months. Both the test and control group showed significant consistent improvement in metabolic parameters at 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up, which was further comparable to group A.

Conclusion: SRP together with medical treatment results in a greater reduction of systemic inflammatory burden compared with medical treatment alone in management of women with PCOS and CP.
Cultura de Paz: Una Construcción educativa aporte teórico
Authors: Hernandez Arteaga Isabel , Luna Hernández Jose Alberto , Cadena Chala Martha Cecilia
Published: June 2017

Este artículo de revisión resultado de investigación en el tema, posibilitó un rastreo teórico sobre la relación existente entre la construcción de una cultura de paz y la transformación de la educación en un mundo inseguro e incierto. Objetivo: indagar  tendencias conceptuales sobre paz, cultura de paz, construcción de cultura de paz, frente a la responsabilidad de la educación en la construcción de una cultura de paz. Metodología: Orientada por el enfoque hermenéutico y la investigación interpretativa se realizó una revisión documental bibliográfica de 64 textos, entre artículos, libros y documentos, cuyos objetivos buscan construcción de cultura de paz, metodología que requirió la elaboración de fichas de revisión y matrices de triangulación que permitieron la interpretación de la información. Resultados: se asume la complejidad del concepto de paz, que pasa por la paz negativa, la paz positiva y la paz neutral; se reconoce que en la cultura de paz los conflictos se constituyen en motores de desarrollo. La educación en y para el conflicto, se entiende desde la perspectiva como instrumento de cambio social y oportunidad para aprender a construir relaciones; formando personas y ciudadanos dentro de un clima de respeto y dignidad para lograr la paz. Por consiguiente, la educación ha de ser protagonista en la construcción de la cultura de paz desde la formación en valores en escenarios de desarrollo sostenible. Conclusión: La construcción de cultura de paz es desde la educación con sentido humano, formación en valores y desarrollo de pensamiento crítico en busca de justicia social.
Carta a los Lectores
Authors: Acevedo Tarazona Alvaro
Published: June 2017

La revista de Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana que usted tiene en sus manos corresponde a la edición número veintiocho. En esta oportunidad se invitó a investigadores  a presentar investigaciones, análisis y revisiones sobre los movimientos universitarios de finales del siglo XX y lo que va transcurrido del siglo XXI.Este número se encuentra divido en tres partes. La primera presenta artículos referentes a la problemática de los movimientos estudiantiles y su dinámica frente a la lógica neoliberal. Los textos de este apartado analizan cómo las nuevas modalidades de capitalización del sí-mismo modifican las acciones colectivas por medio de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación.
KEEFEKTIFAN Beauveria bassiana DAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Rizal Dr. Molide , Wahyono Tri Eko , Sukmana Cucu
Published: June 2017

Wereng batang cokelat adalah hama utama pada tanaman padi yang dapat menyebabkan gagal panen. Pengendalian wereng batang cokelat (WBC) masih ditekankan pada penggunaan varietas tahan dan insektisida. Perlu upaya alternatif menggunakan cara pengendalian yang lebih ramah lingkungan, diantaranya agens hayati, seperti cendawan entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana dan pupuk organik cair (POC). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan campuran cendawan entomopatogen B. bassiana dan POC terhadap hama WBC. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro) Bogor sejak Juli sampai September 2015. Penelitian terdiri atas dua kegiatan. Kegiatan pertama adalah percobaan kompatibilitas yang dirancang secara Acak Lengkap (RAL), empat perlakuan dan diulang lima kali. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah tiga  konsentrasi larutan POC (5, 10 dan 20 ml.l-1), dan air sebagai kontrol. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan cendawan B. bassiana pada medium yang mengandung POC. Kegiatan kedua adalah pengujian keefektifan cendawan B bassiana untuk mengontrol WBC di rumah kasa, dirancang menggunakan RAL, lima perlakuan dan diulang lima kali. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah B. bassiana (kerapatan spora 108 ml-1); B. bassiana + POC (10 ml.l-1); minyak seraiwangi (5 ml.l-1) dan minyak cengkeh (5 ml.l-1) sebagai pembanding, serta air (kontrol). Aplikasi dilakukan dengan cara menyemprotkan larutan perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 5 ml.l-1 pada nimfa instar 2 WBC yang diinfestasikan pada tanaman padi dalam polibag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa POC menghambat 46,64% pertumbuhan B. bassiana secara in vitro. Namun, keefektifan campuran B. bassiana + POC sama baiknya dengan B. bassiana secara tunggal. Hal ini menunjukkan POC dapat diaplikasikan berselang-seling dengan B. bassiana untuk mengendalikan WBC pada padi.