bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Science Module Based on the Meaning of Temperature and Heat Meaning Learning Model
Authors: Nisyah Fauziyah Khoirin , Fajar Dinar Maftukh , Prahani Binar Kurnia , Suhardi Andi
Published: June 2022

This research is motivated by the rampant degradationvalues, attitudes, and character of students, especially junior high school students; In addition, there is also the lack of science learning resources owned by students that contain character education. The reseach used research and development (Reseach and Development / R & D) with the ADDIE approach, namely: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. Data analysis was carried out by qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The data analysis carried out is numerical (quantitative) and descriptive (qualitative) data. Numerical data (quantitative) in the form of numbers obtained from validators and student response questionnaires. While descriptive data (qualitative) in the form of suggestions/comments given by the validator during the validation process and students during the small-scale and large-scale test processes both written and unwritten. The results obtained from research that has been carried out in MTs are as follows. First, the level of validity of the science module based on the meaning learning model of 5 expert validators, namely 2 material experts 86.58%, 2 education experts 83.77%, and 1 science teacher 78.04%, an average of 82.79% in the very category. valid/usable without revision. Second, the response of students to the science module based on the meaning learning model with the results of the small group trial getting an average of 76.8% with the attractive/agree category with the number of students 5, then in the large group trial it got an average of 77,84% with the attractive/agree category with the number of students 30. The results of this study show that this module shows an increase in positive response and can be used as a learning material independently by students.
Comparison TTW Model with POE in Creative and Critical Thinking Skills in Physics lesson: Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Kurniawan Aziz
Published: June 2022

The research conducted by the researcher is a Meta-Analysis study from the results of research that has been carried out by previous researchers to compare the TTW model with the POE model on creative thinking skills and critical thinking in Physics lessons. Researchers studied several journals related to the problems faced, namely as many as 30 National articles indexed by Google Scholar. articles that are the research objectives with the theme of creative thinking models and critical thinking models TTW or POE. Based on this, there are 3 variables, namely (1) the TTW model, (2) the POE model, and (3) the ability to think creatively and critically. From the data analysis using the ANCOVA technique that has been carried out, both models provide an effect size with a large criterion of 0.652. While the influence of the two models can be said to be almost the same, namely the TTW model of 76.58 and the POE model of 74.00 so it can be concluded that the TTW and POE models have a major effect on creative and critical thinking skills. thinking in Physics lessons.
Mathematical Disposition of Slow Learners’ Conceptual Understanding using Bruner’s Theory
Authors: Wahidin Wahidin , Novitasari Nurainy Dwi
Published: June 2022

This study aims to analyze the relationship between mathematical disposition on the slow learners’ understanding of mathematical concepts in mathematics based on Bruner’s theory. This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The subjects were five slow learner students at Junior High School 3 Ciawigebang. Data were collected by documentation, tests and interviews. The results of the study revealed that there was a relationship between mathematical disposition and understanding of mathematical concepts of slow learner students in answering questions using Bruner’s theory, namely the symbolic and the iconic stages. Slow learners with a high level of mathematical disposition can solve all questions correctly and have met the indicators of understanding the mathematical concepts used in this study. Meanwhile, the slow learner with a moderate mathematical disposition can solve the questions given, but still have misconceptions in responding to some questions. Then, slow learners with a low mathematical disposition only understand some of the questions and have misconceptions in solving the question.
The Disaster Box Mystery as a Media for Growing Disaster Preparedness and Literacy among Junior High School Students
Authors: Dianti Hesti Eka Nur , Febrisari Pila , Ridho Ahmad Aziz , Septaria Kiki
Published: June 2022

The focus of this research is to strengthen landslide disaster mitigation literacy in students using Mystery Box media. The ADDIE paradigm was employed in this study's quantitative and qualitative methods. A material expert who was a teacher at SMPN 1 Sambeng, a linguist who was a professor at the UNISLA Science Education Study Program, a media expert who was 35 students at SMPN 1 Sambeng, and a disaster extension practitioner were the subjects in this study.Focusing on the paired sample t test findings, the significance of 0.000<0.005 demonstrated a significant difference between the pretest and post-test literacy of students, implying that the mystery box media was able to raise students' literacy for landslide catastrophes. The advice for future study is that engagement with students be enhanced so that excellent communication happens, allowing the knowledge offered to be delivered to the greatest extent possible and assisting students in increasing their motivation in the realm of literacy.
To Be or Not to Be Vaccinated? The Perilous Evolution of COVID-19
Authors: Sofra Xanya
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 classification and evolution through its multiple mutations have increased its transmissibility rate up to 70% or more globally, threatening to undermine the promise of a number of emerging medications and vaccines that primarily focus on the immune detection of the Spike trimer. Mutations have been long considered as random events, or mistakes during the viral RNA replication. Usually, what can go wrong will go wrong; therefore, repeated transformations lead to the extinction of a virus. On the contrary, the aggregate result of over 300,000 COVID-19 variants have expanded its transmissibility and infectiousness. COVID-19 mutations do not degrade the virus; they empower and facilitate its disguise to evade detection. Unlike other coronaviruses, COVID-19 amino acid switches do not reflect the random unfolding of errors that eventually eradicate the disease. COVID-19 appears to use mutations adaptively in the service of its survival and expansion. One of the COVID-19 primary strategies is to inhibit the production of interferon type (INF) that is involved in recognizing the virus. The deleterious consequences of the cytokine storm where the CD8+ killer cells injure the vital organs of the host may well be collateral damage, as the blind immune system struggles to annihilate the unidentified COVID-19. It is probable that evolution has programmed COVID-19 with an adeptness designed to debilitate key systemic defences to secure its subsistence. To date the infectiousness of the COVID-19 pandemic is exponentially increasing, denoting the possibility of an even more dangerously elusive, inconspicuous, and sophisticated version of the disease.
THIRD PERSON IN TURKISH SOCIAL SECURITY LAW
Authors: KAYIRGAN Hasan
Published: June 2022

Although there are provisions regarding the responsibility of the third person in the Law No. 5510 on Social Insurance and General Health Insurance, there is no provision regarding the definition of the third person. Since the law mentions that employers and employers are already responsible person, it is necessary to accept third parties as those other than these persons. In other words, third parties can be defined as persons other than employers and employees. It is important to determine the third party in the recourse cases claimed by the Social Security Institution. Because while the employer and the persons held responsible as if the employer are held responsible for the entire first cash income, half of the first cash income can be recourse to the third party. It is also stipulated that these expenses will be compensated from the third person who caused the Institution to provide health services or to extend the treatment period. Since the person who manages the whole business is considered as the employer's representative and is held responsible like the employer according to this Law, he is not considered a third person. Other than the employer's representative who manages the whole business, workers working in the workplace are included in the scope of third parties. While the main employer and subcontractor are held responsible like the employer, the contracting authority is considered as the third party in turnkey contract. In the study, the concept of third person was examined, and then the cases where the third person was held responsible were also mentioned.
PERENCANAAN SISTEM PERAWATAN PADA MESIN PENGGILINGAN PLASTIK DI BANK SAMPAH (YAYASAN MISOOL BASEFTIN)
Authors: Amri Irman , Ashar Ashar , Noya George Samuel
Published: June 2022

Di dunia industri dikenal dengan suatu produk yang merupakan hasil dari suatu proses yang berkesinambugan. Proses tersebut membentuk sistem yang saling terkait satu sama lain. Hal ini dapat disebut sebagai sistem produksi yang terdiri dari masuk (input), proses operasi dan proses keluar (output). Demi kelancaran proses produksi dengan menggunakan mesin penggilingan plastik, Untuk melakukan perawatan yang baik dibutuhkan perencanaan perawatan yang tepat dan efisien. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukan perencanaan perawatan mesin penggilingan plastik, Sehingga Membandingkan Data Sebelum Dilakukan Perawatan & Data Sesudah Dilakukan Perawatan Untuk Mengetahui Hasil Proses Produksi Sampah Yang dihasilkan di Bank Sampah Hasil kesimpulan yang ada terlihat bahwa sebelum melakukan perawatan/pemeliharaan mesin bisa berdampak bagi hasil produksi yang ada dan hasil yang didapatkan adalah 1, 322 Ton dengan Total waktu keseluruhan yaitu 2,220 menit. Serta kesimpulan terlihat bahwa sesudah melakukan perawatan/pemeliharaan mesin bisa berdampak bagi hasil produksi yang ada dan hasil yang didapatkan adalah 1, 582 Ton dengan Total waktu keseluruhan yaitu 1,740 menit.
EVALUASI TINGKAT KEBISINGAN DAN TEMPRATUR PADA LINGKUNGAN KERJA KARYAWAN BANK SAMPAH (YAYASAN MISOOL BASEFTIN)
Authors: Amri Irman , Hahury Sanny , Wiratraur Oskar
Published: June 2022

Bank Sampah Misool Baseftin adalah Bank Sampah Yang bergerak dibidang pengolahan sampah kering seperti plastik, karton, kertas dan kaca yang beralamat di Jl Makbon Km 12 Kota Sorong. Bank sampah mempunyai 3 mesin frisse yang ditemptkan pada salah satu ruangan, yang berdekatan dengan salah satu ruangan produksi pengepresan yang menimbulkan suara dengan tingkat kebisingan yang cukup keras sehingga, hal ini dapat mempengaruhi gangguan kesehatan dan kenyamanan di tempat kerja, selama karyawan Bank Sampah melakukan aktivitas. Analisis perhitungan berdasarkan keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup nomor : KEP-48/MENLH/11/1996 Tentang Baku Tingkat Kebisingan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup. Sedangkan untuk temperatur akan mengacu pada Keputusan Menteri Tenaga Kerja Nomor : KEP-51/MEN/1999 Tentgang Nilai Ambang Batas Faktor Fisika Di Tempat Kerja Menteri Tenaga Kerja. Dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kebisingan dan temperature pada Bank Sampah Yayasan Misool Baseftin. Hasil penelitian Evaluasi di ketahui bahwa tingkat kebisingan di bank sampah yayasan misool baseftin melewati nilai ambang batas, yaitu sebesar 74,3 (dB) dan pengukuran temperatur di ketahui melebihi nilai ambang batas yaitu sebesar 31.78 â„ƒ,sehingga disarankan agar pada ruangan produksi tersebut harus diberikan alat pengaman yaitu ear plug bagi karyawan yang bekerja.
ANALISIS TINGKAT STRES KERJA PADA KARYAWAN DI TOKO JAWA TIMUR KOTA SORONG
Authors: Amri Irma , Ashar Ashar , Lagat Ismail
Published: June 2022

Toko Jawa Timur adalah toko yang beralamat di Jl. Jendral sudirman Kota Sorongadalah sebuah toko yang menjual berbagai kebutuhan masyarakat seperti sembako, baju danaksesoris dan lain-lain. Berdasarkan pengamatan peneliti bahawa karyawan yang bekerja di tokoToko Jawa Timur bekerja terjadi ketidakdisiplinan dan kurang maksimalnya dalam bekerja dilapangan dan hal ini yang perlu diperhatikan dengan stres kerja pada karyawan. Tujuanpenelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa tingkat tinggi stres kerja karyawan dan faktorfaktorpenyebab stress di Toko Jawa Timur. Analisa perhitungan dalam gejala stres yangdialami karyawan dengan mengkatagorikan menjadi tiga, yaitu gejala fisiologis, gejala psikologisdan gejala perilaku dengan menggunakan purposive sampling dimana peneliti menentukanpengambilan sampel dengan cara menetapkan ciri-ciri khusus yang sesuai dengan tujuanpenelitian sehingga diharapkan dapat menjawab permasalahan penelitian. Hasil penelitian inimenyimpulkan bahwa tingkat stres kerja yang dialami karyawan secara keseluruhan tergolongpada katagori rendah yaitu 2,33 dengan skor indicator stree kerja fisiologis dengan skorrataan2,6, psikologis dengan skor rataan 2,5 dan perilaku dengan skor rataan 2,0.
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN APLIKASI PENDETEKSI PHOTO MENGGUNAKAN METODE EMPIRIS
Authors: Soekarta Rendra , Histiarini Aprisa Rian , Wardianto Achmad Saiku
Published: June 2022

Komputer sebagai alat bantu untuk menyelesaikan suatu pekerjaan penggunaan komputer telah menjadi suatu hal yang umum di mata masyarakat, pada umumnya computer di pakai untuk melakukan pekerjaan dalam bidang teknologi dan informasi seperti mengimput suatu data, menyimpan suatu informasi, dan bahkan untuk memodifikasi atau mengedit suatu photo. Karena komputer sering digunakan untuk membantu atau mempermudah suatu urusan pekerjaan maka tidak jarang komputer sering di salah gunakan oleh pengguna, terutama dalam hal pemalsuan gambar digital demi tercapainya suatu tujuan tentu hal ini dapat merugikan berbagai pihak. Dalam hal untuk mendapatkan sebuah informasi yang benar maka tidak jarang banyaknya aplikasi-aplikasi baru yang diciptakan untuk membantu pengguna dalam hal menentukan mana photo yang asli atau yang palsu, dengan menggunakan metode empiris dimana menganalisa kedua aplikasi pendeteksi photo dengan berdasarkan pengamatan dan pengalaman peneliti
ANALISIS TINGKAT KETELITIAN, KECEPATAN, DAN KONSTANSI KERJA PADA KARYAWAN PEMOTONG IKAN
Authors: Amri Irman , Hahury Sanny , Marsulan Muhammad Fandi
Published: June 2022

Setiap industri membutuhkan karyawan sebagai tenaga kerja yang menjalankan setiap aktivitas yang ada dalam organisasi perusahaan dan merupakan asset terpenting yang memiliki pengaruh sangat besar terhadap kesuksesan sebuah perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat ketelitian, kecepatan, dan konstansi kerja pada karyawan pemotong ikan. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan pemotong ikan yang sama pada shift pagi dan malam berjumlah 6 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Bourdon Wiersma Test dan analisis data menggunakan Analisis Univariat dan Multivariat dengan Uji Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan terhadap tingkat ketelitian kerja pada karyawan pemotong ikan shift pagi dan malam (Ï = 0.005 < 0.05). Tidak ada perbedaan tingkat kecepatan kerja pada karyawan pemotong ikan shift pagi dan malam (Ï = 1 > 0.05). Tidak ada perbedaan tingkat konstansi kerja pada karyawan pemotong ikan shift pagi dan malam (Ï = 0.57 > 0.05). Faktor â€“ faktor yang mempengaruhi karyawan seperti usia, jenis kelamin, Indeks Massa Tubuh, dan masa kerja tidak terlalu dominan, karena jumlah karyawan masih sedikitÂ  pada pemotongan ikan, yaitu berjumlah 6 orang pada setiap shift kerja.
Hubungan Kepuasan Kerja Dengan Motivasi Kerja Karyawan
Authors: Kayatun Siti Nur , Tajuddin Tamrin , Masniar Masniar , Sodikin Muchamad
Published: June 2022

Peningkatan kepuasan kerja melalui motivasi kerja dapat meningkatkan produktifitas kerja kariyawan. Hal ini karena motivasi kerja sangat berkaitan erat dengan tujuan kariyawan. Selain itu, kepuasan dan motivasi kerja juga sangat berkaitan erat dengan pekerjaan kariyawan itu sendiri maupun hubungannya dengan sesama kariyawan serta pimpinan perusahaan..Konsep ini berusaha diterapkan PT.ANEKA JAYA LANGGENG SENTOSA, yang berusaha menciptakan kepuasan kerja karyawannya dengan cara memberikan kesempatan untuk peningkatan jenjang karir, keamanan kerja, gaji, perusahaan dan manajemen yang baik, pengawasan (supervisi), kondisi kerja, komunikasi dan fasilitas. Melalui penelitian ini akan dilihat secara detail realitas tingkat kepuasan kerja, tingkat motivasi kerja karyawannya sampai hubungan diantara keduanya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif korelatif, dengan pendekatan croos sectional study yang bertujuan menjelaskan hubungan atau mengungkap korelatif antar variabel. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, perusahaan akan mengetahui dengan detail tentang faktor apa saja yang perlu dilakukan perbaikan serta peningkatan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan tingkat kepuasan kerja karyawan pada PT.AJLS. Aneka Jaya Langgeng Sentosa dapat dikatakan â€baikâ€, karena nilai rata-rata dari keseluruhan pernyataan sebesar 3,24 yang berada pada interval 2,51 â€“ 3,30. TingkatÂ  motivasi kerja karyawan pada PT.Aneka Jaya Langgeng Sentosa dapat dikatakan â€baikâ€, karena nilai rata-rata dari keseluruhan pernyataan sebesar 3,21 yang berada pada interval 2,51 â€“ 3,30.
ANALISIS LAJU INFILTRASI PADA RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU YANG TERBATAS DI PERMUKIMAN PERKOTAAN
Authors: Subagyo Galih Wulandari
Published: June 2022

Perkembangan dan pertumbuhan suatu wilayah berimplikasi terhadap pertumbuhan dan kepadatan penduduk. Pertambahan penduduk yang terus-menerus tersebut membawa konsekuensi spasial yang serius bagi kehidupan kota, yaitu adanya tuntutan akan space dalam rangka pemenuhan kebutuhan. Salah satu wilayah yang kerap kali berkembang adalah wilayah perkotaan. Perumahan Pondok Pucung 1, Kelurahan Sawah Besar, Kecamatan Pondok Aren yang memiliki kepadatan penduduk yang cukup tinggi. Dengan kepadatan penduduk yang demikian tinggi, maka sebagian besar lahan digunakan untuk bangunan, terutama untuk perumahan, sarana dan prasarana publik, serta sedikit saja lahan yang digunakan untuk penghijauan dan perkebunan. Guna mendukung gerakan pengelolaan lahan hijau tersebut, diperlukan penelitian terlebih dahulu, yaitu mengenai anlisis besar nilai laju infiltrasi di wilayah permukiman perkotaan. Diharapkan hasil dari penelitian dapat mengetahui laju resapan air ke dalam tanah dengan luas lahan hijau yang tersedia. Perhitungan nilai laju infiltrasi dilakukan menggunakan dua metode yaitu metode Horton dan metode aktual, perhitungan menggunakan dua metode ini dilakukan agar meyakinkan hasil baik hasil pengukuran dilapangan atau hasil perhitungan rumus. Dari hasil uji linier menyatakan nilai laju infiltrasi metode aktual dan horton memiliki pola positif dan keterkaitan kedua variabel sebesar 98.88%, sehingga tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada hasil perhitungan nilai laju infiltrasi dari kedua metode. Sehingga didapat indeks laju infiltrasi sebesar . Luas Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) pada Perumahan Pondok Pucung yang memiliki prosentasi 2% dari total luas wilayah, memiliki potensi untuk menyerapkan air ke dalam tanah. Sehingga upaya konservasi air dan upaya penghijauan dapat dilakukan dengan baik.
Perencanaan Instalasi Air Bersih Desa Lembangloe Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Kasmawati Kasmawati , Latif Fausiah , Indriyanti Indriyanti , G Farida , Djunur Lutfi Hair
Published: June 2022

InstalasiÂ air bersihÂ merupakan perencanaan pembangunan alurÂ air bersihÂ dari sumberÂ airÂ melalui komponen penyalur dan penyambungnya ke bak â€“ bak penampunganÂ airÂ maupun kran-kran yang berfungsi untuk memenuhi kebutuhanÂ airÂ dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk setiap tahun, maka Desa Lembangloe setiap tahun harus meningkatkan jumlah ketersediaan air bersihnya dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan masyarakatnya. Di mana Desa Lembangloe ini jauh dari jangkauan proiritas pemenuhan air yag disediakan Pemerintah, dalam hal ini PDAM, sehingga diperlukan adanya perencanaan instalasi air bersih. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui berapa proyeksi jumlah kebutuhan air selama 10 tahun mendatang dan kapasitas tampungan yang dibutuhkan berapa kubik dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan air serta jarak dan alur pipa yang akan dilalui. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pengambilan data secara secara langsung kemudian menghitung proyeksi kebutuhan dengan metode aritmetik dan metode geometric. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proyeksi kebutuhan air di Desa Lembangloe meningkat 1% setiap tahun, kapasitas tampungan Reservoir/PMA sebesar 9,44 m3 serta jarak pipa yang dilalui dari PMA sampai ke rumah-rumah warga yaitu sejauh 2000 meter.
PENGARUH SUDUT TULANGAN GESER TERHADAP PERILAKU GESER BALOK BETON BERTULANG DENGAN SOFTWARE ATENA 3D
Authors: Munandar Deden Aris , Zaki Ahmad
Published: June 2022

Keruntuhan geser terjadi secara tiba-tiba tanpa ada tanda-tanda terlebih dahulu, sehingga perencanaan untuk menahan gaya geser memerlukan perhatian khusus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi sudut sengkang terhadap perilaku balok dan jenis keruntuhan balok. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan software ATENA 3D. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai kekakuan tertinggi terdapat pada benda uji BU 21 sebesar 9,2934, sedangkan nilai kekakuan terendah terdapat pada benda uji BU 5 sebesar 7,5405. Untuk nilai daktilitas tertinggi terdapat pada benda uji BU 20 sebesar 1,5007 dan nilai daktilitas terendah terdapat pada benda uji BU 1 sebesar 1,1958. Sudut tulangan sengkang berpengaruh terhadap pola retak, balok dengan sudut tulangan sengkang yang mendekati sudut 45Ëš memiliki tipe keruntuhan geser yang ditandai dengan retakan-retakan pada balok dengan arah diagonal, sedangkan untuk balok dengan sudut tulangan sengkang yang menjauh dari sudut 45Ëš memiliki tipe keruntuhan lentur yang ditandai dengan banyaknya retakan-retakan dengan arah vertikal.
EVALUATION OF FACTORS THAT MAY CAUSE NECK PAIN IN AMATEUR CYCLISTS: PARAMETERS TO BE QUESTIONED
Authors: ALTUNAN Bengü , USTAÖMER Kübra , DENİZ Cigdem , SARIFAKIOGLU Banu
Published: June 2022

Cycling is one of the exercises that has become popular all over the world. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the risk factors for neck pain in amateur cyclists who did not receive professional support. A structured questionnaire including demographic and cycling characteristics, cycling habits, Bournemouth Neck Questionnaire (BNQ), visual analogue scales measuring neck pain severity during rest and cycling was shared on the social networks of cycling groups. Data were collected and analyzed. Twenty-seven (25,7%) people were excluded from the study because they did not meet the criteria. In the analysis of 78 cyclists, it was observed that the mean BNQ value in individuals who cycled for more than 10 hours a week was significantly lower than those who cycled for 1-5 and 5-10 hours (p<0,001). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, it was determined that mountain bike use (OR=0,147; p=0,033) and cycling between 10-20 hours (OR=0,022; p=0,005) had the lowest risk in terms of neck pain. It was observed that personalized cycling adjustments (bike-fit) had no effect on neck pain (p=0,5). According to the results of our study, in order to prevent neck pain in amateur cyclists, it may be recommended to keep the weekly usage time between 10-20 hours, to avoid irregular, under- or excessive use, and to turn to mountain bikes for individuals with neck pain.
Effects of heat treatment on surface roughness and bonding strength of wood material
Authors: PERÇİN Osman
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to determine the effects of heat treatment on some properties of black pine (Pinus nigra A.) and larex (Larix decidua), woods. For this purpose, test samples were heat treated at 140, 160, 180 and 200°C for 2 and 5 hours. The air-dried density, equilibrium moisture content (EMC), surface roughness and bonding strengths of the test samples were analyzed. The average surface roughness parameter (Ra) was analyzed parallel to the grains. The results indicated significant differences depending on the wood species, heat treatment temperatures and treatment times. Based on the findings in this study, all parameters decreased depending on the heat treatment conditions. The density and EMC values of the control specimens were higher than the heat-treated samples. Also the surface roughness values obtained in black pine samples were higher than larex samples. On the other hand, bonding strength values obtained in larex samples were significantly higher than that of black pine samples. These parameters should be taken into account in the application areas of heat-treated wood material, the usage amount of which is constantly evolving in the woodworking industry.
Complicaciones médico quirúrgicas en la evaluación del paciente paliativo oncológico
Authors: Escajadillo-Luck Arianna Irina
Published: June 2022

El paciente oncológico suele tener un curso de enfermedad en su mayoría con evolución progresiva desfavorable que determina muchas veces la muerte, y esos episodios lo constituyen las complicaciones médico-quirúrgicas asociados a la enfermedad de fondo. Además, suelen ser angustiantes para la familia y el propio paciente. Es por ello importante establecer los objetivos terapéuticos adecuados (adecuación del esfuerzo terapéutico) para mejorar el manejo acorde a la evolución de su enfermedad y a las complicaciones que puede ir presentando, que son potencialmente fatales. Este enfoque es dado por los cuidados paliativos que buscan mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente y familia a través del tratamiento del dolor y otros problemas físicos, sociales, psicológicos y espirituales. Siendo totalmente compatible con las medidas curativas. En el presente documento se expone de forma sucinta respecto a 4 complicaciones potencialmente mortales como son: hemorragias masivas, convulsiones, síndrome de compresión medular y obstrucción intestinal maligna y su manejo acorde al enfoque de los cuidados paliativos.
From Ethical Analysis to Legal Reform
Authors: Van der Burg Wibren
Published: June 2022

Ethical analysis may result in recommendations for legal reform. This article discusses the problem of how academic researchers can go from ethical normative judgments to recommendations for law reform. It develops a methodological framework for what may be called ‘ethical transplants’: transplanting ethical normative judgments into legislation. It is an inventory of the issues that need to be addressed, but not a substantive normative theory. It may be especially helpful for Ph.D. students and beginning researchers working in interdisciplinary projects combining ethical and legal analysis.I distinguish three stages in the process from ethics to law: translation, transformation, and incorporation. The latter stage can be divided into three clusters of issues, these being legal, empirical, and normative ones. Most of the philosophical literature on the legal enforcement of morals focuses on the normative issues. My aim is to broaden the perspective in two ways. First, I show that this is only one relevant issue and that we should address legal and empirical issues and the processes of translation and transformation as well. Second, I argue that we should pay more attention to pluralism and variation.
Characterizing and Improving pET Vectors for Cell-free Expression
Authors: Jew Kara , Smith Philip E. J. , So Byungcheol , Kasman Jillian , Oza Javin P. , Black Michael W.
Published: June 2022

Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) is an in vitro process that enables diverse applications in research, biomanufacturing, point-of-care diagnostics, therapeutics, and education using minimal laboratory equipment and reagents. One of the major limitations of CFPS implementation is its sensitivity to plasmid type. Specifically, plasmid templates based on commonly used vector backbones such as the pET series of bacterial expression vectors result in the inferior production of proteins. To overcome this limitation, we have evaluated the effect of expression cassette elements present in the pET30 vector on protein production across three different CFPS systems: NEBExpress, PURExpress, and CFAI-based E. coli extracts. Through the systematic elimination of genetic elements within the pET30 vector, we have identified elements that are responsible for the poor performance of pET30 vectors in the various CFPS systems. As a result, we demonstrate that through the removal of the lac operator (lacO) and N-terminal tags included in the vector backbone sequence, a pET vector can support high titers of protein expression when using extract-based CFPS systems. This work provides two key advances for the research community: 1) identification of vector sequence elements that affect robust production of proteins; 2) evaluation of expression across three unique CFPS systems including CFAI extracts, NEBexpress, and PURExpress. We anticipate that this work will improve access to CFPS by enabling researchers to choose the correct expression backbone within the context of their preferred expression system.
Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Profiling in CD8 T-Cells and Gamma Delta T-Cells of Asian Indian Patients With Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Kabeerdoss Jayakanthan , Danda Debashish , Goel Ruchika , Mohan Hindhumathi , Danda Sumita , Scofield R. Hal
Published: June 2022

Background: Takayasu’s Arteritis (TA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects aorta and its main branches at their origin. Genetic, pathological and functional studies have shown that CD8 and Gamma delta (γ/δ) T-lymphocytes are involved in inflammatory processes in affected regions of arteries causing vascular damage. The molecular function of these lymphocytes remains unclear and currently no epigenetic studies are available in TA. We primarily performed genome wide methylation analysis in CD8 T cells and γδ T cells of patients with TA and compared with healthy controls.

Methods: We recruited 12 subjects in each group namely TA patient and healthy controls. Blood samples were collected after obtaining informed written consent. CD8 T cells and γδ T cells were separated from whole blood. DNA extracted from these cells and were subjected to bisulfite treatment. Finally, bisulfite treated DNA was loaded in Infinium Methylation EPIC array. Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify differential methylation regions which were then mapped to genes.

Results: Interleukin (IL)-32 and Lymphotoxin-A were genes significantly hypomethylated in CD8 T-cells. Anti-inflammatory cytokine genes, IL-10, IL-1RN and IL-27 were hypomethylated in γδ T cells of TA patients as compared to healthy controls. Gene enrichment analysis using Gene Ontology (GO) database and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) identified that genes involved in T-cell receptor signalling pathways were hypomethylated in CD8 T-cells and hypermethylated in γδ T cells of TA patients.

Conclusion: CD8 T-cells might play a major role in immunopathogenesis of inflammation in TA, whereas γδ T cells may play a regulatory role.
Molecular Modeling Study of the Genotoxicity of the Sudan I and Sudan II Azo Dyes and Their Metabolites
Authors: Bienstock Rachelle J. , Perera Lalith , Pasquinelli Melissa A.
Published: June 2022

Azo dyes are defined by the presence of a characteristic N=N group. Sudan I and Sudan II are synthetic azo dyes that have been used as coloring agents. Although animal toxicity studies suggest that Sudan dyes are mutagenic, their molecular mechanism of action is unknown, thus making it challenging to establish thresholds for tolerable daily intake or to understand how these molecules could be modified to ameliorate toxicity. In addition, dye metabolites, such as azobiphenyl and 4-aminobiphenyl, have been correlated with epigenetic alterations. We shed some light on the mechanisms of Sudan dye genotoxicity through a molecular modeling study of Sudan I and Sudan II dyes and two common metabolites interacting with DNA as adducts. The results suggest that all four adducts cause significant perturbations to the DNA helical conformation and structure; thus, it can be inferred that DNA repair and replication processes would be significantly impacted.
Chicoric Acid: Natural Occurrence, Chemical Synthesis, Biosynthesis, and Their Bioactive Effects
Authors: Yang Min , Wu Chao , Zhang Tianxi , Shi Lei , Li Jian , Liang Hongbao , Lv Xuzhen , Jing Fengtang , Qin Lu , Zhao Tianlun , Wang Chenxi , Liu Guangxu , Feng Shuai , Li Feng
Published: June 2022

Chicoric acid has been widely used in food, medicine, animal husbandry, and other commercial products because of its significant pharmacological activities. However, the shortage of chicoric acid limits its further development and utilization. Currently, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench serves as the primary natural resource of chicoric acid, while other sources of it are poorly known. Extracting chicoric acid from plants is the most common approach. Meanwhile, chicoric acid levels vary in different plants as well as in the same plant from different areas and different medicinal parts, and different extraction methods. We comprehensively reviewed the information regarding the sources of chicoric acid from plant extracts, its chemical synthesis, biosynthesis, and bioactive effects.
Prognostic Value of Arm Circumference for Cardiac Damage and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Friend or a Foe? A 2-Year Follow-Up in the Northern Shanghai Study
Authors: Zheng Yixing , Zhang Ji , Ren Zhongyuan , Meng Weilun , Tang Jiamin , Zhao Song , Chi Chen , Xiong Jing , Teliewubai Jiadela , Maimaitiaili Rusitanmujiang , Xu Yawei , Zhang Yi
Published: June 2022

Background

The high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases globally causes a great social burden and much individual suffering. The effective recognition of high-risk subjects is critical for primary prevention in the general population. In the elderly cohort, anthropometric measurements may have different prognostic values. Our study aimed to find convincing anthropometric measures to supplement conventional risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in the elderly cohort.

Materials and Methods

A total of 1,576 elderly participants (44.5% male, aged 72.0 ± 6.0 years) recruited into the Northern Shanghai Study (2014–2015) were followed up between 2016 and 2017. Following the standard guideline for cardiovascular risk evaluation, all conventional cardiovascular risk factors were assessed. The body measures were made up of body weight, body height, hip circumference, waist circumference, and middle-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Organ damage (OD) markers for cardiac, vascular, and renal diseases will be evaluated by the standardized methods.

Results

After the average 571 (±135) days of follow-up, a total of 90 MACEs (5.7%) occurred, i.e., 13 non-fatal myocardial infarction, 68 non-fatal stroke, and 9 cardiovascular deaths. Univariable COX survival analysis revealed that only MUAC could validly predict MACEs among anthropometric characters [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.89; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82–0.96]. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, the group of high MUAC showed the lowest MACE risk (log-rank p = 0.01). Based on OD analysis, MUAC was independently linked to higher risk of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in women and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in both men and women. In adjusted COX analysis, only MUAC indicated statistical significance, but all other anthropometric parameters such as BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) did not indicate significance. The higher level of MUAC remained a protective factor in fully adjusted models (HR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.59–0.91), with p-values markedly significant in men (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.49–0.97) and marginally significant in women (HR: 0.0.77; 95% CI: 0.59–1.01). After considering all factors (i.e., cardiovascular risk factors, MUAC, BMI, and WHR), the fully adjusted COX regression analysis demonstrated that the increased MUAC level was linked to decreased MACE risk in both men (HR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.37–0.88) and women (aHR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.46–0.93).

Conclusion

Despite being associated with a higher rate of cardiac damage, higher MUAC independently and significantly conferred protection against the MACE, in the elderly cohort.
Anti-corruption Action: A Project-Based Anti-corruption Education Model During COVID-19
Authors: Sumaryati  , Suyadi  , Nuryana Zalik , Asmorojati Anom Wahyu
Published: June 2022

Education can be used as a preventive measure to decrease corruption cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, anti-corruption education is not enough with cognitive knowledge since more emphasis should be laid on affective and psychomotor actions. A project-based learning model was used to package these actions based on factual learning resources. Therefore, this study aims to develop a project-based learning model in online anti-corruption during the pandemic. Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn) is the Pancasila and Citizenship Education in Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia was used as research setting. Furthermore, this participatory thematic study uses 28 PPKn students for the anti-corruption education course in the odd semester 2020/2021. Google forms, online focus group discussions, and documentation (task reports) methods were adopted for data collection, and the analysis was conducted through reduction, classification, and interpretation. The results showed the development of fourteen anti-corruption actions in online media, and each one has a different target group according to its content. Therefore, anti-corruption learning does not stop at the realm of cognition but also affection which has an impact on the transformation of social media. The actions to prevent corruption are still needed even though the pandemic is over considering the new confirmed cases.
Cilia Action in Islets: Lessons From Mouse Models
Authors: Cho Jung Hoon , Hughes Jing W.
Published: June 2022

Primary cilia as a signaling organelle have garnered recent attention as a regulator of pancreatic islet function. These rod-like sensors exist on all major islet endocrine cell types and transduce a variety of external cues, while dysregulation of cilia function contributes to the development of diabetes. The complex role of islet primary cilia has been examined using genetic deletion targeting various components of cilia. In this review, we summarize experimental models for the study of islet cilia and current understanding of mechanisms of cilia regulation of islet hormone secretion. Consensus from these studies shows that pancreatic cilia perturbation can cause both endocrine and exocrine defects that are relevant to human disease. We discuss future research directions that would further elucidate cilia action in distinct groups of islet cells, including paracrine and juxtacrine regulation, GPCR signaling, and endocrine-exocrine crosstalk.
Do Urbanization, Remittances, and Globalization Matter for Energy Consumption in Belt and Road Countries: Evidence From Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption
Authors: Zhao Lijin , Qamruzzaman Md.
Published: June 2022

Energy–growth nexus has gained immense interest among researchers, policymakers, and academicians, and with conclusive evidence, it is revealed that sustainable economic growth significantly relies on energy availability and security. Another line of studies postulated that excessive fossil fuel application had created adversity for environmental degradation and ecological imbalance. However, the energy demand from renewable and non-renewable has intensified with the act of several macro-fundaments, and countries have been investing efforts to figure them out in energy policy formulation; thus, BRI (please see Appendix A) are not out of the trend. The motivation of the study was to explore the role of urbanization, remittances, and globalization in energy consumption in BRI nations for the period 2004–2020. A panel of 59 (fifty-nine) BRI nations has been considered a sample countries’ assessment and their selection purely depended on the data availability. Several panel data estimation techniques have been applied, including CIPS and CADF, for panel unit root test, cointegration test with error correction, dynamic seemingly unrelated regression, and Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel heterogeneous causality test. The coefficient of globalization has exposed negative (positive) and statistically significant ties with non-renewable (renewable) energy consumption, whereas remittances and urbanization revealed positive and significant associations with both renewable and non-renewable energy consumption. The directional causality test documented bidirectional causality between globalization and renewable energy consumption and urbanization, globalization, and remittances to non-renewable energy consumption.
Immunometabolism – The Role of Branched-Chain Amino Acids
Authors: Yahsi Berkay , Gunaydin Gurcan
Published: June 2022

Immunometabolism has been the focus of extensive research over the last years, especially in terms of augmenting anti-tumor immune responses. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subset of CD4+ T cells, which have been known for their immunosuppressive roles in various conditions including anti-tumor immune responses. Even though several studies aimed to target Tregs in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such approaches generally result in the inhibition of the Tregs non-specifically, which may cause immunopathologies such as autoimmunity. Therefore, specifically targeting the Tregs in the TME would be vital in terms of achieving a successful and specific treatment. Recently, an association between Tregs and isoleucine, which represents one type of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), has been demonstrated. The presence of isoleucine seems to affect majorly Tregs, rather than conventional T cells. Considering the fact that Tregs bear several distinct metabolic features in the TME, targeting their immunometabolic pathways may be a rational approach. In this Review, we provide a general overview on the potential distinct metabolic features of T cells, especially focusing on BCAAs in Tregs as well as in their subtypes.
Coexistence of Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome and Autoimmune Gastritis With Pernicious Anemia and Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zhan Hao-Su , Yao Xin , Hu Hai-Yi , Han Yan-Fei , Yue Bing , Sun Li-Ying , Wang Yong-Jun
Published: June 2022

Background

Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) and Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) are both autoimmune diseases with low prevalence in China. Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) of the spinal cord is the most common neurological manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency. Until now, a patient with pSS and complications of AIG including SCD has not been reported.

Case Presentation

A 69-year-old woman presented with palpitations and symmetrical and progressive numbness in her hands and feet. The patient had a sense of stepping on cotton and could not write or walk without help. We reviewed the patient’s history and analyzed her blood tests, imaging, gastroscopic findings, and pathological results. The patient fulfilled the criteria of AIG, pSS, spinal cord SCD and early pernicious anemia (PA) simultaneously. Although pSS can lead to reduction of vitamin B12, this is the first overlapping case of pSS with spinal cord SCD. After symptomatic treatment, the patient returned to a normal life.

Conclusions

This first report about the coexistence of pSS and complications of AIG including SCD and PA will promote a better understanding of the relationship between these diseases.
Effect of Exercise Training on Body Composition and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Shengya , Zhou Huayi , Zhao Changtao , He Hui
Published: June 2022

Objective

This study aimed to compare and rank the effectiveness of aerobic exercise (AE), resistance training (RT), combined aerobic and resistance training (CT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on body composition and inflammatory cytokine levels in overweight and obese individuals by using network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods

We searched the PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise training on inflammatory cytokines in overweight and obese patients. The retrieval period was from inception to November 2021. Two reviewers independently screened the retrieved articles, extracted the pertinent data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies; then, they used Stata 16.0 and Review Manager 5.3 to perform an NMA.

Results

A total of 38 studies involving 1317 patients were included in this study. The results of the NMA indicated that AE had the greatest effect on weight loss (SUCRA=78.3; SMD=−0.51, 95% CI: −0.70, −0.33); CT had the greatest effect on reducing body mass index (SUCRA=70.7; SMD=−0.46, 95% CI: −0.81, −0.10), waist circumference (SUCRA=93.4; SMD=−1.86, 95% CI: −2.80, −0.93), percentage body fat (SUCRA=79.6; SMD=−1.38, 95% CI: −2.29, −0.48), interleukin-6 level (SUCRA=86.4; SMD=−1.98, 95% CI: −3.87, −0.09), and tumor necrosis factor-α level (SUCRA=79.4; SMD=−2.08, 95% CI: −3.75, −0.42); AE (SMD=0.51, 95% CI: −1.68, 2.69), RT (SMD=0.15, 95% CI: −3.01, 3.32), CT (SMD=1.78, 95% CI: −1.35, 4.92), and HIIT (SMD=2.29, 95% CI: −1.27, 5.86) did not significantly increase the adiponectin level.

Conclusion

The current results suggest that CT is the best exercise modality for improving body composition and inflammatory status in overweight and obese individuals. More rigorous randomized control trials are needed for further validation.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022303165.
Proteomic Signatures of Monocytes in Hereditary Recurrent Fevers
Authors: Penco Federica , Petretto Andrea , Lavarello Chiara , Papa Riccardo , Bertoni Arinna , Omenetti Alessia , Gueli Ilaria , Finetti Martina , Caorsi Roberta , Volpi Stefano , Gattorno Marco
Published: June 2022

Hereditary periodic recurrent fevers (HRF) are monogenic autoinflammatory associated to mutations of some genes, such as diseases caused by mutations of including MEFV, TNFRSF1A and MVK genes. Despite the identification of the causative genes, the intracellular implications related to each gene variant are still largely unknown. A large –scale proteomic analysis on monocytes of these patients is aimed to identify with an unbiased approach the mean proteins and molecular interaction networks involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Monocytes from HRF 15 patients (5 with MFV, 5 TNFRSF1A and 5with MVK gene mutation) and 15 healthy donors (HDs) were analyzed by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Significant proteins were analyzed through a Cytoscape analysis using the ClueGo app to identify molecular interaction networks. Protein networks for each HRF were performed through a STRING database analysis integrated with a DISEAE database query. About 5000 proteins for each HRF were identified. LPS treatment maximizes differences between up-regulated proteins in monocytes of HRF patients and HDs, independently from the disease’s activity and ongoing treatments. Proteins significantly modulated in monocytes of the different HRF allowed creating a disease-specific proteomic signatures and interactive protein network. Proteomic analysis is able to dissect the different intracellular pathways involved in the inflammatory response of circulating monocytes in HRF patients. The present data may help to identify a “monocyte proteomic signature” for each condition and unravel new possible unexplored intracellular pathways possibly involved in their pathogenesis. These data will be also useful to identify possible differences and similarities between the different HRFs and some multifactorial recurrent fevers.