bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wpływ żywienia na występowanie nowotworów
Authors: Zegartowska Paulina
Published: April 2021

Many studies conducted in recent years have shown that the incidence of cancer is still on the rise. According to the World Health Orgnization (WHO), most of these cases are a consequence of poor diet and lifestyle. Excess dietary carbohydrates, low-glycaemic index carbohydrates in particular, and low intake of fibre promote carcinogenesis. Many studies led to a conclusion that high body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) contribute to the risk of cancer. High blood glucose levels are one of the main factors predisposing to cancer. High postprandial blood glucose, which is most commonly observed in patients with type 2 diabetes, is also one of the factors that disturb metabolic transformations, which may promote carcinogenesis. It is worth following the principles of rational nutrition as part of cancer prevention. Manufacturers meet consumers' demands by developing improved food products, such as jams made from vegetables, which are higher in fibre and lower in sugar compared to fruit jams.
Wybrane kwestie dotyczące seksualności kobiecej w praktyce ginekologicznej oraz w praktyce lekarza rodzinnego
Authors: Jarząbek-Bielecka Grażyna , Mizgier Małgorzata , Jakubek Ewa , Bojanowska Katarzyna , Kędzia Witold , Madziar Klaudyna
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is considered to be an excellent tool for assessing female sexuality and screening for sexual dysfunctions in women. Aim. An attempt was made to demonstrate the desirability of using the FSFI questionnaire in gynaecological and general practice. Materials and methods. The study included 147 mature women (18 to 63 years of age) who reported for preventive gynaecological examinations and agreed to answer questions about their sexuality in the form of an anonymous FSFI questionnaire. Before proceeding with the questionnaire, the patients were asked, as part of an expanded medical history, if they received sexual education in their subjective assessment. Results. The average FSFI scores for all domains and the FSFI total score were higher in women with basic sex education compared to women who received no such education. Conclusions. Regardless of the issue of sex education, the important aspect of gynaecological counselling is the sexological aspect – it is also important in the general practice. This sphere still seems to be a taboo subject in many patients. The usefulness of the IFSK questionnaire for assessing female sexuality and the factors influencing it was confirmed.
Popularyzowanie szkół rodzenia w celu podniesienia świadomości przyszłych rodziców
Authors: Bagnowska Karolina , Klimkiewicz Marek
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Classes at birthing school are designed to prepare a pregnant woman for childbirth and parenthood. They are designed to help parents gain experience on how to cope with the new situation, which is the birth of a child. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the degree of preparation of women for pregnancy, childbirth and early motherhood, and fathers for active participation in childbirth and taking care of the new born. The main goal was to determine whether there is a need to popularize birthing schools in order to raise the awareness of future parents. Material and methods. The diagnostic survey covered 400 women aged 15-45 who were pregnant in 2008-2012 including 176 (44%) women participating in childbirth classes (study group) and 224 (56%) women not participating in school activities giving birth (control group). The data obtained as a result of the research were subject to statistical analysis. Most participants of the birthing school decided to give birth. All firstborn babies considered the antenatal course useful in preparing fathers for active participation in childbirth and taking care of the new born baby. Women with higher education, living in cities, more often participated in childbirth classes. Results. Participation in childbirth school contributed to the reduction of parents’ fears and anxieties related to pregnancy, childbirth and facilitated active participation in childbirth and to enter new parental roles safely. Demographic factors such as place of residence, mother’s age, marital status and education were significantly related to the participation of future mothers and fathers in childbirth classes. Conclusions. Participation in childbirth classes improved the quality of life of the pregnant woman. It contributed to the smooth delivery process. It strengthened the bond between the spouses and made it easier to care for the new born baby. This indicates the need to promote childbirth schools in order to raise the awareness of future parents.
Dental care in pregnancy in Poland. A postnatal questionnaire study
Authors: Kobylińska Angelika , Sochacki-Wójcicka Nicole , Gozdowski Dariusz , Bomba-Opoń Dorota , Wielgoś Mirosław , Olczak-Kowalczyk Dorota
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Pregnancy is a period of increased risk of oral diseases that affect both the course of pregnancy and child’s health. Pregnant women should pay particular attention to dental and periodontal health by implementing intensified preventive and therapeutic activities. Aim. An evaluation of the reasons for dental visits and the types of dental services among pregnant women, with reference to the impact of the socio-demographic factors such as place of residence and the type of medical facility. Material and methods. An electronic survey was conducted among women up to 5 years postpartum (consent of the bioethical committee of Medical University of Warsaw). Socio-demographic data as well as information on the course of pregnancy, dental appointments during pregnancy, the type of dental procedures and the type of attended healthcare facilities were collected. The chi-square test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. A p ≤ 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results. A total of 3,439 questionnaires completed 2 weeks to 5 years after delivery by women aged between 13.1 – 45.4 years, including 40.9% of urban residents, 74.8% of women with higher education, and 41% of women in good economic situation, were analysed. A total of 62.3% of respondents reported attending dental appointments (usually private) during pregnancy. The need for treatment was the most common reason for the visit. The attendance and the reasons for dental visits depended on the age, economic status, professional activity, place of residence, level of education, dental care before pregnancy and gynaecologist’s recommendations. A total of 63% of women who reported to the dentist received dental care. The most common procedures included dental caries treatment (53.7%), dental scaling (13.6%) and endodontic treatment (9.5%). Dental radiography was less common (2.5%). Except for tooth extraction and endodontic treatment, all procedures were usually performed in private practices rather than those having a contract with the Polish National Health Fund. Conclusions. Dental attendance among pregnant women, which is modified by socio-demographic factors, is associated with the need for dental treatment and a referral from a gynecologist. The limited use of preventive procedures and avoiding diagnostic radiology during pregnancy indicate the need to educate both future mothers and dentists on dental care in pregnancy.
Assessment of dental care in children with disability – a sociomedical study of parents/guardians
Authors: Borysewicz-Lewicka Maria , Gerreth Karolina , Wychowaniec Dominika , Nitschke Ewa , Klimiuk Anna , Choromańska Magdalena , Zalewska Anna
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The care of a child with a disability is associated with difficulties in many areas of life, including comprehensive medical care. Aim. The aim of the sociomedical study was to assess the level of dental care provided to children with disability based on the data from a questionnaire study performed in their parents/guardians. Material and methods. The research was conducted among 200 parents/guardians of disabled and/or chronically ill children living in Poznań and Białystok. Information on the frequency of dental visits and their causes, access to dental offices as well as the course of treatment, particularly in primary teeth, was collected. The study was approved by the Committee of Bioethics of the Poznan University of Medical Sciences (Resolution No. 159/17) as well as the directors of institutions and parents/guardians. Results. The data obtained showed that up to 18.50% of children with disability had never been to a dentist. The most common reasons for a dental visit were changes within a tooth noticed by a parent (25.50%) or a dental check-up (25.00%). Thirty-six children (18.00%) experienced a few episodes of dental pain, whereas 47.00% of children had never received dental treatment of primary teeth. Only 67.50% of respondents reported no access barriers to dental treatment. Up to 51.50% of parents/guardians reported that there was currently no need for dental treatment in their children. Conclusions. The data presented show that there is insufficient dental care for children with disability, which is probably due to inadequate education of their parents/guardians, in relation to the care of oral health in children. The study also indicates the presence of obstacles in access to dental treatment, such as architectural or financial barriers as well as problems in access to dental care in the place of residence.
Dental caries status and trend in 5-, 7- and 12-year-old children from the Małopolskie region in comparison to the Polish population
Authors: Staszczyk Małgorzata , Kępisty Magdalena , Kołodziej Iwona , Kościelniak Dorota , Gregorczyk-Maga Iwona , Ciepły Jadwiga , Jurczak Anna
Published: April 2021

Introduction. In 2016, 5-, 7- and 12-year-old children from the Małopolskie region were included in the study of oral health as part of the Nationwide Monitoring of Oral Health programme, which has been periodically implemented in selected index groups of the Polish population since 1997. Aim. To evaluate the prevalence and level of dental caries in 5-, 7- and 12-year-old children from the Małopolskie region and to observe the dental caries trend in this region in recent years in relation to the Polish population. Material and methods. The study covered 673 children from the Małopolskie region, including 223 aged 5, 225 aged 7 and 225 aged 12 years. Dental condition/state of dentition was examined according to the WHO recommendations and criteria. The prevalence and level of dental caries in children from the Małopolskie region were evaluated and compared with the results of earlier studies from this province. The obtained results were also compared with the results for the entire Polish population from the current and previous nationwide monitoring studies. The studies were conducted upon the consent of the Medical University of Warsaw Ethics Committee no. KB 190/2016. Results. Dental caries prevalence in 5-, 7- and 12-year-old children from the Małopolskie region that were covered by the study was 74.9, 84.9 and 81.8%, respectively. The average values of dmft were 4.55 (in the age group of 5) and 5.38 (in the age group of 7), while DMFT for particular age groups was 0.03, 0.56 and 3.54, respectively. Slight decrease in the value of these indications of caries is noticed for 5- and 7-year-old children from the Małopolskie region (decrease in prevalence by 2.5 and 6.7%, respectively, as well as a fall in the value of dmft by 0.71 in the age group of 5, relative to 2011). The group of 12-year-old children from our region, as the only one from the entire Polish population of children of this age, have kept a downward trend of caries prevalence (a fall by 12.7% relative to the monitoring study from 2010). This reduction needs to be confirmed in the next monitoring studies. Conclusions. The presented results indicate stable high prevalence of dental caries in children of the Małopolskie region and in the whole country. It is therefore necessary to enhance actions intended to improve this situation through education of both children and their parents, widespread prophylaxis, and greater health-oriented awareness of patients.
Clinical evaluation of carious cavity restorations using Vertise Flow – 2-year observations
Authors: Ogonowska Anna , Falkowska Sylwia , Oreszczuk Anna , Sokołowska Katarzyna , Łuczaj-Cepowicz Elżbieta , Marczuk-Kolada Grażyna
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The introduction of self-adhesive materials in dentistry has significantly reduced the duration of filling carious cavities. This group includes a light-curing, semi-liquid composite material from Kerr, called Vertise Flow. Aim. The aim of the study was clinical evaluation of restorations made using Vertise Flow in class I cavities in permanent teeth. Material and methods. In children aged 8-17 years, 154 cavities were filled with Vertise Flow. After 2 years, 49 fillings were clinically evaluated according to the modified Ryge’s criteria. The anatomical shape, colour, smoothness, marginal integrity of restorations and the evidence of secondary caries were assessed. Parents or legal guardians of the children consented to the medical procedures. Results. All the evaluated restorations were found retained, with acceptable anatomical shape and smoothness. One restoration slightly changed the colour, and unacceptable marginal integrity was seen in 2 cases. Secondary caries involved 2 teeth. Conclusions. In this 2-year observation, Vertise Flow meets the requirements for materials used for filling minimally prepared class I carious cavities in permanent teeth of young patients.
Comparison of the sensitivity of detecting risk factors for periodontitis using conventional radiography
Authors: Batko Magdalena , Kowalewski Michał , Królińska Anna , Górski Bartłomiej , Majdanik Wioleta , Miskiewicz Andrzej
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Periodontitis is a condition of tooth supporting structures, which are responsible for normal dental morphology and function. Bacterial biofilm formation in the presence of local risk factors plays a fundamental role in the development of periodontitis. Early and accurate detection of risk factors which promote dental plaque accumulation is the basis of treatment and prophylaxis. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess overhanging dental restorations and their impact on the maxillary alveolar process margin and the alveolar mandible based on panoramic radiography. Furthermore, the correlation between the type of restoration and the magnitude of bone loss was analysed. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 200 panoramic radiographs showing restorations in permanent dentition was performed using the Planmeca Romexis Viewer software. Further analysis included 113 radiographs with the presence of a homologous tooth on the opposite side of the dental arch. In the study, we analysed the following variables: age, gender, the bone level, occlusal contact points between the opposite teeth and the condition of the tooth adjacent to overhanging dental restoration. We also assessed the type of incorrect dental restoration according to G.V. Black classification. The obtained data was analysed statistically, with p < 0.005 considered statistically significant. The study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Medical University of Warsaw (approval no. KB/115/A/2012). Results. We obtained data on the prevalence and magnitude of overhanging dental restorations, the type of restoration and the coexisting bone lesion. The largest size of the overhanging dental restoration was associated with Class II (according to G. V. Black) mesio-occlusal-distal cavities (1.15 mm; p < 0.03), whereas the smallest ones were observed for occlusal-distal cavities (0.91 mm; p < 0.001). The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between mesio-occlusal-distal cavities and radiographically measured size of bone lesions was positive (R = 0.51; p = 0.03). Conclusions. The conducted study revealed a significant positive correlation between the mean size of overhangs and radiographically measured size of bone loss. Adjunctive radiology is an important aid in the detection of risk factors for periodontitis.
Conservative management of root-fractured primary incisor – case report
Authors: Bruzda-Zwiech Agnieszka , Ciesielska Natalia , Szczepańska Joanna
Published: April 2021

Most frequent trauma to primary dentitions are injures to the supporting tissue i.e. luxations, but root fractures are relatively uncommon. The difference in the trauma pattern favoring luxation rather than fracture has been found to be typical for the primary dentition, since the elasticity of the alveolar bone surrounding the primary teeth is high and primary tooth held in alveolar socket is less strong. Incidence of foot fractures increases at the age of 3-4 years where physiologic root resorption has begun, thereweakening the root. Traumatic injuries to the primary dentition present special problems and the management is often different as compared with the permanent dentition. Because of potential sequelae of trauma to primary teeth, a treatment method that minimizes any additional risks of further damage to the permanent successors should be selected. The report presents a case of 3.5 year-old boy after traumatic injury – extrusion of tooth 51, which required surgical treatment, and apical third horizontal root fracture of tooth 61 treated conservatively. Written consent from subject’s parents/subject’s legal guardians was obtained. Root-fractured primary tooth has been followed clinically and radiographically for 3.5 year, till advanced root resorption. Presented case and cases described in cited literature demonstrate that conservative treatment of root-fractured primary teeth is a favorable method of the treatment that allows the teeth to function naturally until the term of physiological resorption and exfoliation.
Oral hygiene and periodontal status in children and adolescents with Down syndrome
Authors: Ziętek Marta , Kaczmarek Urszula
Published: April 2021

Background. Down syndrome, the most common chromosomal aberration, is a congenital disorder caused by having an extra 21st chromosome. Dysmorphic features and characteristic systemic defects are accompanied by mental disability of varying degree. Malocclusions, disproportion between the development of masticatory system and the tongue, abnormal respiratory tract, poor oral hygiene, and reduced salivary secretion contribute to the development of periodontal diseases in patients with Down syndrome. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess oral hygiene and gingival health status in children and adolescents with Down syndrome compared to generally healthy subjects. Materials and methods. The study included 150 subjects of both genders, aged between 5 and 21 years. The research group comprised of children and adolescents with Down syndrome (n = 75) and a control group with generally healthy individuals (n = 75). Oral hygiene status was assessed using the oral Hygiene Index -Simplified (OHI-S) and the Aproximal Aproximal Plaque Index (API). Periodontal status was assessed using the Gingival Index (GI) and the Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI). Results. The prevalence of periodontitis among patients with Down syndrome reached 100%. GI and SBI values were significantly higher in Down syndrome group compared to control group (0.90 ± 0.56 vs . 0.39 ± 0.53; 70.99% ± 27.65% vs 26.69% ± 34.94%, respectively; p < 0.001). OHI-S and API values were also significantly higher in Down syndrome patients compared to healthy individuals (1.68 ± 0.68 vs 1.32 ± 0.76, p < 0.01; 86.66% ± 17.78 vs 66.34% ± 34.33, p < 0.001). Conclusions. Patients with Down syndrome had significantly poorer oral hygiene and worse periodontal health status compared to healthy individuals.
Dental aspects of hearing impairment in children – aetiology, classifications, diagnostic programmes, rehabilitation. A literature review
Authors: Śmiech Anita , Szczepańska Joanna
Published: April 2021

A literature review was performed to present the epidemiology of hearing impairment both worldwide and in Poland. Pre-and postnatal risk factors were assessed. The paper presents classifications of hearing impairment considering different factors, as well as the method of neonatal hearing screening in Poland. Diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitation methods for patients with hearing loss were described. The paper further describes oral health in deaf and hardly hearing children in Poland and worldwide, as well as implications of hearing impairment on the masticatory organ. Several factors, such as insufficient hygiene, contribute to high caries frequency and gingivitis in children with hearing impairment. Missing or malformed teeth and malocclusions pose a great challenge for dentists. Furthermore, the work draws attention to the psychological aspect of the development of children with hearing impairment. The communication barrier during a dental visit attended by a hearing-impaired child, as well as the need for appropriate training for medical personnel, which could contribute to improved oral health, are emphasised.
Molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) – aetiology, clinical picture, treatment
Authors: Kuderewska Sylwia , Stawiecka Monika , Milewska Renata , Kuźmiuk Anna , Chorzewska Ewa
Published: April 2021

Introdution. Molar-incisor hypomineralisation is a disorder of dental enamel of a systemic origin. It may affect one or all four first permanent molars, and often involves permanent incisors. Aim. The aim of this study was to present views on aetiology, clinical picture and treatment of molar-incisor hypomineralisation. Material and methods. PubMed database was reviewed for years 2003-2017, the search criteria were: “molar incisor”, “hypomineralisation”, “permanent teeth”. Results. The aetiology of MIH is multifactorial and not fully explained. Authors agree that the general health during the first 3-4 years of life has a major impact on this disorder. The clinical picture includes demarcated white, yellow or brown tissue spots, and increased porosity of the enamel. Enamel damage and defects can also occur. Therapeutic management depends on the severity of the disease and includes intensive prevention, hard tissue reconstruction, and extractions. Conclusions. Due to the increasing prevalence of this disorder, special attention should be paid to children whose health status is or was bad in the first 3-4 years of life. They are at a higher risk for this condition.
Salivary flow rate, total protein and pH in caries-free children and adolescents aged between 5 and 18 years
Authors: Przywitowska Iwona , Kaczmarek Urszula , Bartnicki Grzegorz , Wrzyszcz-Kowalczyk Alina
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Data regarding salivary flow and the levels of salivary components in developmental age are scarce and not fully consistent. Aim. The aim of the study was to compare unstimulated mixed saliva flow rate, pH and total protein in children aged between 5 and 18 years to obtain information on the functional maturation of salivary glands during the developmental period. Material and methods. A total of 90 children and adolescents (both sexes) aged between 5 and 18 years were examined. All subjects were caries-free (ICDA II score zero). Unstimulated mixed saliva was sampled from all patients to assess pH, total protein and flow rate. The subjects were divided into age groups 5-6, 13-14 and 18 years. The study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the University (No. Nr KB-335/2013). Results. Significantly lower salivary flow rates were observed in 5-6 year olds vs. 13-14 and 18-year-olds. In contrast, pH values were significantly higher in the youngest group compared to older age groups. Total protein was the lowest in 5-6 year olds, higher in 13-14 year olds and the highest at the age of 18 years (significant difference between age groups of 5-6 and 18 years). A decreasing trend in pH values and an increasing one in protein levels were observed between the age groups. Considering the entire group of subjects, a positive correlation between age and salivary flow rate and protein levels, and a negative correlation with pH were found. Moreover, pH and protein levels decreased with increasing salivary flow. Conclusions. Unstimulated mixed saliva flow rate and total protein increase, while pH levels decrease between the ages of 5 to 18 years.
Wpływ nadwagi i otyłości na stan zdrowia jamy ustnej dzieci i młodzieży
Authors: Deszczyńska Katarzyna , Piątkiewicz Paweł , Górska Renata
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Improper eating habits among children and adolescents often lead to overweight and obesity. Research indicates that these are risk factors for many diseases, including diseases in the oral cavity. Aim. To analyse the correlations of selected parameters of dental and periodontal health as well as oral hygiene status in overweight and obese children and adolescents versus control group. Material and methods. The study included 120 patients aged 11-18 years, who were classified into a study group with 60 overweight/obese individuals and a control group of 60 individuals with normal body weight based on BMI (Body Mass Index). Each patient underwent anthropometric measurements, such as height (cm), body weight (kg), which were used to calculate BMI (Body Mass Index). Additional measurements were taken of waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC), to obtain the waist-hip ratio (WHR). Clinical examination of the oral cavity included an assessment of dentition (DMF), oral hygiene API (Approximal Plaque Index) and periodontal tissue (PD – Pocket Depth, CAL – Clinical Attachment Level, %BOP – % Bleeding On Probing) and CPITN (The Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs). Results. Statistically significant differences were found between patient groups with BMI ≥ 25 and BMI < 25 in the values of the following parameters: DMF p = 0.005, API p < 0.001, %BOP p < 0.001, PD p < 0.001, CPI p < 0.001. Conclusions. Overweight and obese children were found to have have worse parameters of dental and periodontal health as well as oral hygiene status compared to the group with normal weight. Our observations indicate that overweight and obesity may be potential risk factors for periodontal diseases in the study group.
Przegląd wybranych atraumatycznych metod ekstrakcji
Authors: Grad Piotr , Paruzel-Pliskowska Aleksandra , Żegleń Andrzej , Pytko-Polończyk Jolanta
Published: April 2021

Tooth extraction is one of the most common dental surgical procedures. Its success depends on the operator’s knowledge, skills and experience. Proper choice of tools is also important. Incorrect tooth extraction using excessive force may cause local complications, such as damage to the soft tissue or to the extracted or neighbouring tooth with potential translocation, bone fracture, formation of an oral sinus communication or even mandibular dislocation. Currently, efforts are being made to develop methods that will allow for the preservation of intact surrounding periodontal tissues to facilitate subsequent prosthetic rehabilitation. Surgical tools used in atraumatic tooth extraction include, among other things, Physics Forceps, periotomes, luxators, and the Benex extractor system. These tools reduce the risk of damage to the vestibular lamina of the alveolar bone, allow for avoiding the need for a mucoperiosteal flap and reduce the incidence of postoperative pain. This helps create optimal conditions for subsequent implant prosthetic reconstruction. The paper presents the characteristics and application of selected tools used in atraumatic tooth extraction.
Ząb pośrodkowy żuchwy – przegląd piśmiennictwa
Authors: Chęciński Maciej Adam , Rubinkiewicz Aleksandra , Chęcińska Kamila
Published: April 2021

The mandibular mesiodens is an anomaly consisting in the occurrence of a supernumerary tooth in the described area. The few described cases of this pathology are summarized in this article. The literature review was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using two sets of keywords each time. Further analysis of the collected articles allowed inclusion of case reports from the last two decades in the review. 18 cases of the occurrence of the medial tooth of the mandible were compared. The possible aetiology of this developmental anomaly could not be determined. The most likely pathogenesis is the hyperactivity of the dental lamina. Among the diagnostic methods, the sumative and three-dimensional imaging methods play an important role. Depending on the case, two various treatment methods are undertaken: surgical, meaning removal of the supernumerary tooth or conservative, consisting in correction of its shape. The prognosis using both methods is good. Mandibular mesiodens is extremely rare, with similar frequency in both genders, and its occurrence often coexists with the agenesis of other mandibular teeth. Both extraction and conservative treatment have a good therapeutic effect.
Zapalenie przyzębia u kobiet ciężarnych z cukrzycą i jego kliniczne implikacje – problem wielodyscyplinarny. Przegląd piśmiennictwa
Authors: Waligóra Joanna , Chomyszyn-Gajewska Maria , Pytko-Polończyk Jolanta
Published: April 2021

Periodontitis is a multifactorial bacterial infection that causes destruction of tissues surrounding the tooth. Its relationship with numerous systemic diseases was confirmed in vast studies. Concerns of maternal and fetus wellness are raised by gestational diabetes mellitus and prepregnancy diabetes causing need for regular periodontal control. The paper is a review of available literature published in medical databases (PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE) and in Polish dental journals in the years 1999-2018. Diabetes is one of the risk factors for periodontitis occurrence and its exacerbation. In pregnant women there may be an exacerbation of the already existing periodontal disease. Periodontitis in pregnant patients with diabetes is associated with the risk of many complications for both the mother and the fetus. Pregnant women with diabetes should be under constant control of a gynecologist, diabetologist and dentist. Periodontal care in such patients should focus on rapid diagnostics of periodontal diseases and the implementation of appropriate treatment. Future mothers should be educated that oral health can affect pregnancy, childbirth and the health condition of mother and the child.
Nilai Edukasi dalam Fabel dari Kumpulan Cerita dan Dongeng Terbaik Indonesia sebagai Landasan Pengembangan Fabel Berkearifan Lokal Madura
Authors: Setyawan Arief , Faqih Fiyan Ilman , Farihah Izzatul
Published: April 2021

Keragaman fabel yang terdapat di Indonesia dapat dijadikan sebagai sarana membangun karakter anak mulai dari yang masih balita sampai dengan yang sudah menginjak usia sekolah dasar dan menengah. Sebagai salah satu bagian dari cerita rakyat yang menjadi kekayaan budaya dan kesusastraan Indonesia, fabel tentu sarat akan nilai-nilai karakter luhur di dalamnya. Permasalahan yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini adalah nilai karakter yang terdapat di dalam fabel dari kumpulan cerita dan dongeng terbaik Indonesia dengan judul “Buah Anggur yang Ranum” dan “Sepotong Daging”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai karakter yang terdapat dalam kedua fabel tersebut dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Dari hasil analisis diketahui bahwa fabel “Buah Anggur yang Ranum”di dalamnya memuat nilai-nilai karakter yang meliputi kerja keras, mandiri, dan kreatif. Adapun dari alur cerita yang tersaji pada fabel “Sepotong Daging”, di dalamnya memuat nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yaitu cinta damai, tanggung jawab, dan peduli sosial.Karakter-karakter luhur di atas selanjutnya dijadikan hipogram dalam pengembangan fabel-fabel berkearifan lokal Madura yang berjudul “Si Malas dan Si Rajin” dan “Si Jago”.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Limbah Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus L.Merr)Fermentasi dalam Pakan terhadap Produktivitas Broiler
Authors: Syahayani M , Panjaitan I , Putri D D
Published: April 2021

The availability of commercial feed raw materials is a limiting factor that causes the price of commercial feed for broilers to be expensive. Therefore it is necessary to use additional feed or alternative feed with good nutritional content, available throughout the year at a relatively cheap price and easy to obtain. Pineapple waste is an alternative feed that is cheap, easy to obtain and available all year round. The weakness of pineapple waste is that the crude fiber content is quite high, but with fermentation technology this problem can be overcome. The research analyze the effect of using fermented pineapple (ananas comosus L.Merr) waste in feed on broiler productivity. The research was conducted from November to December 2019 at the Lampung State Polytechnic cattle stable. The experiment was designed with two treatments. The first treatment (P0 = control) of commercial feed without TLBNF. Second treatment (P1) Commercial Feed 92% + 8% TLBNF. The treated feed was given at the beginning of the third week to the end of the fourth week. The data for each variable was tested by means of the T- test. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that: The use of 8% fermented pineapple waste flour (TLBNF) in commercial feed does not affect feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion.
Atuação do médico generalista frente à violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Menezes Maria Augusta Cunha , Ataíde Rita de Cássia Natividade , Martins Ana Carolina da Silva Soares , Romani Ana Maria , Cavalcante Carla Gabriela Rodrigues , Oliveira Lara Coimbra de , Silva Nayara Máximo Carvalho , Silva Tárcia Gomes , Monteiro Karlla Susane Costa , Neto Valmir Martins Falcão
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Compreender como o médico generalista deve proceder diante dos casos de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes. Revisão bibliográfica: A violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes é uma constante no mundo desde os tempos mais remotos, presentes em todas as culturas, raças e diferentes níveis socioeconômicos. Apesar do grave problema de saúde que esta violência representa, ainda é pouco discutida dentro da sociedade, considerando a magnitude dos traumas e sequelas impostos às suas vítimas. No Brasil, o dia 18 de maio é destinado ao combate à violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes, entretanto, os registros desse tipo de crime contra menores de idade são crescentes, em que pese a subnotificação séria no país. Considerações finais: Ainda que existam políticas públicas que integrem as áreas da saúde e educação para fortalecimento do combate à violência sexual contra menores de idade, o diagnóstico é tardio. Além do patriarcalismo social que acaba interferindo nas denúncias contra os agressores por medo das consequências legais sobre os autores dos crimes, há também a falta de conhecimento dos profissionais da saúde sobre o tema no atendimento às vítimas.
Bulk Hyperpolarization of Inorganic Materials
Authors: Björgvinsdóttir Snædís , Emsley Lyndon
Published: April 2021

Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a well-established method to obtain atomic-level information about the structure of inorganic materials, but its use is often limited by low sensitivity. We review how solvent generated dynamic nuclear polarization can be used to increase sensitivity
in solid-state NMR of inorganic materials, with emphasis on our recent method for hyperpolarization of proton-free bulk. We use selected examples to show how overall gains in sensitivity can be observed in both the surface and bulk spectra of inorganic compounds such as lithium titanate. The
hyperpolarization methods reviewed here can be used to improve NMR sensitivity for a range of inorganic materials.
Past and Future of Kurdish Autonomy in Syria: Prospects of the Autonomy in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Moodrick-Even Khen Hilly
Published: April 2021

This article focuses on the current COVID-19 implications for the fissure between the Syrian regime and the Kurds in Syria. It explains how the Syrian Kurds cope with COVID-19, given the region’s political status and the current state of play in the Syrian war. It sheds light on (1) the practical application of Kurdish semi-autonomy in Syria along with its successes and shortcomings in the public health sphere; and (2) how COVID-19 has affected intra-Kurdish politics in Syria and Kurdistan. Although changes in the political framework of Syria are not expected in the near future, the pandemic has underscored the fissures between the Kurds and the central government. Since the pandemic reached Syria, the Syrian government has almost completely neglected the health situation in the Kurdish territories. The Kurdish Autonomous Administration, in turn, recruited all the means at its disposal to cope independently with the crisis. These on-the-ground developments are signs for both the overt and covert, anxious hopes and strivings of the Kurds for autonomy. To assess the prospects for Kurdish autonomy, the article also analyzes the Kurds’ relationships with the states involved in the Syrian conflict and the historical landmarks of intra-Kurdish politics.
A Penalty-Aware Cloud Monitoring System based on Blockchains
Authors: Dienbauer Christian , Pittl Benedikt , Schikuta Erich
Published: April 2021

Today, traded cloud services are described by service level agreements that specify the obligations of providers such as availability or reliability. Violations of service level agreements lead to penalty payments. The recent development of prominent cloud platforms such as the re-design of Amazon's spot marketspace underpins a trend towards dynamic cloud markets where consumers migrate their services continuously to different marketspaces and providers to reach a cost-optimum. This leads to a heterogeneous IT infrastructure and consequently aggravates the monitoring of the delivered service quality. Hence, there is a need for a transparent penalty management system, which ensures that consumers automatically get penalty payments from providers in case of service violations. \newline In the paper at hand, we present a cloud monitoring system that is able to execute penalty payments autonomously. In this regard, we apply smart contracts hosted on blockchains, which continuously monitor cloud services and trigger penalty payments to consumers in case of service violations. For justification and evaluation we implement our approach by the IBM Hyperledger Fabric framework and create a use case with Amazon's cloud services as well as Azures cloud services to illustrate the universal design of the presented mechanism.
Discover Relations in the Industry 4.0 Standards Via Unsupervised Learning on Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Authors: Rivas Ariam , Grangel-Gonzalez Irlan , Collarana Diego , Lehmann Jens , Vidal Maria-esther
Published: April 2021

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) standards and standardization frameworks provide a unified way to describe smart factories. Standards specify the main components, systems, and processes inside a smart factory and the interaction among all of them. Furthermore, standardization frameworks classify standards according to their functions into layers and dimensions. Albeit informative, frameworks can categorize similar standards differently. As a result, interoperability conflicts are generated whenever smart factories are described with miss-classified standards. Approaches like ontologies and knowledge graphs enable the integration of standards and frameworks in a structured way. They also encode the meaning of the standards, known relations among them, as well as their classification according to existing frameworks. This structured modeling of the I4.0 landscape using a graph data model provides the basis for graph-based analytical methods to uncover alignments among standards. This paper contributes to analyzing the relatedness among standards and frameworks; it presents an unsupervised approach for discovering links among standards. The proposed method resorts to knowledge graph embeddings to determine relatedness among standards-based on similarity metrics. The proposed method is agnostic to the technique followed to create the embeddings and to the similarity measure. Building on the similarity values, community detection algorithms can automatically create communities of highly similar standards. Our approach follows the homophily principle, and assumes that related standards are together in a community. Thus, alignments across standards are predicted and interoperability issues across them are solved. We empirically evaluate our approach on a knowledge graph of 249 I4.0 standards using the Trans$^*$ family of embedding models for knowledge graph entities. Our results are promising and suggest that relations among standards can be detected accurately.
A benchmark for quantum optimization: the traveling salesman
Authors: Warren Richard H.
Published: April 2021

We present compelling reasons for symmetric traveling salesman problems (TSPs) to be the benchmark for quantum computing of combinatorial optimization problems for all types of quantum hardware. There are seven reasons for endorsing these TSPs to be the benchmark and no shortcomings.
An efficient semi-quantum key distribution protocol based on EPR and single-particle hybridization
Authors: Tian Yuan , Li Jian , Yuan Kai-Guo , Li Chao-Yang , Li Heng-Ji , Chen Xiu-Bo
Published: April 2021

Quantum key distribution cannot satisfy some users without quantum capability, so semi-quantum key distribution emerges as the times required. Semi-quantum key distribution protocol is described as Alice has quantum ability to prepare and measure qubits with an arbitrary basis, while Bob only measures qubits with the computational basis or reflects qubits to Alice. However, most existing semi-quantum key distribution protocols have been performed with low eavesdropping detection probability. In this paper, we present an innovative semi-quantum key distribution protocol with high efficiency based on EPR and single-particle hybridization, in which the specific contents of {\scriptsize CTRL} or {\scriptsize SIFT} operations have been newly defined. Then, the security analysis indicates the proposed protocol is asymptotically secure with more high eavesdropping detection probability against individual eavesdropping attacks. Moreover, the efficiency analysis shows that the presented protocol is more efficient than similar literatures.
Interactions Between Anti-Epileptic Drugs and Contraceptives: A Review
Authors: Bharat Sharma  , Parul Sakshi
Published: April 2021

Around half of the pregnancies in women with epilepsy are unplanned and the choice of contraceptive method in epileptic women is important, since it requires considering their possible pharmacological interactions with certain types of anti-epileptic drugs. Drugs from this class which induce hepatic enzyme activity may alter the metabolism of most hormonal methods of contraception, and this may affect their contraceptive efficacy. Hormonal contraception is regarded as highly effective, but its interaction with anti-epileptics may accelerate the metabolism of the latter with the consequent risk of failure, reduction of plasma concentration predisposing to seizures, risk of unwanted pregnancies, abortions, teratogenicity, maternal or fetal complications and difficulty in the management of epilepsy during pregnancy. In case of prescribing both medications, the combined use with a barrier method should be considered. Family planning counseling at the first visit has been shown to influence the choice of the contraceptive method. In conclusion, the different therapeutic options should be analyzed together with the epileptic patients in order to achieve and optimize the best goal for each one This article reviews these issues and offers practical recommendations for the management of contraception in epileptic patients.
ОСМИСЛЕНІСТЬ ЖИТТЯ УЧНІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ТЕХНІЧНИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ЯК ЧИННИК ЇХ ЛІДЕРСЬКОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ
Authors: Балахтар В. В. , Горова О. О. , Чаусова Т. В.
Published: April 2021

У статті представлено результати емпіричного дослідження осмисленості життя учнів професійно-технічних навчальних закладів та її взаємозв’язку з їхнім лідерським потенціалом. Розглянуто сутність дефініції «лідерський потенціал». Наведено результати дослідження особливостей осмисленості життя учнів професійно- технічних навчальних закладів та її взаємозв’язку з їхнім лідерським потенціалом. Осмисленість життя вивчалася за методикою Д. Леонтьєва «Сенсожиттєві орієнтації», яка дала змогу виявити не лише загальний показник, а й окремі його індикатори. Констатовано недостатні рівні як осмисленості життя, так і лідерського потенціалу для доволі значної частини (близько двох третин) досліджуваних учнів. Виявлено гендерно- вікові особливості досліджуваних феноменів. Щодо осмисленості життя констатовано вищі його рівні у представниць жіночої статі, особливо старших за віком. Особливо яскраво дані відмінності проявляються за параметрами «цілі у житті» і «локус контролю-Я»: лише дещо більше десятої частини досліджуваних учнів уважають, що мають достатньо сил, щоб контролювати власне життя і будувати його за власним вибором. Стосовно лідерського потенціалу виявлено високий його рівень лише у десятої частини досліджуваних учнів професійно-технічних навчальних закладів. За результатами дисперсійного аналізу виявлено вплив осмисленості життя на рівні лідерського потенціалу: чим вищі показники осмисленості життя учнів ПТНЗ, тим вищим є рівень лідерського потенціалу. Окреслено доцільність створення спеціальних психологічних умов у процесі навчання у закладі професійно-технічної освіти, що сприятимуть зростанню як осмисленості життя учнів, так і їхнього лідерського потенціалу.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНА РЕСУРСНІСТЬ ЯК ОСНОВА ПСИХОЕМОЦІЙНОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я ОСОБИСТОСТІ
Authors: Кічук А. В.
Published: April 2021

Правильна оцінка стану психоемоційного здоров’я особистості можлива лише через надійний і валідний психодіагностувальний інструментарій. Спираючись на попередні дослідження, проведені нами з метою визначення структурно-компонентного складу поняття «психоемоційне здоров’я особистості» на віковому етапі раннього дорослішання, ми намагались за допомогою авторського опитувальника встановити аксіологічний когнітивно-афективний, конативно-інструментальний, соціально-визначальний складники досліджуваної інтегративної особистісної властивості. У результаті проведеного кореляційного аналізу виявлено значущий зв’язок усіх параметрів психоемоційного здоров’я студентів з упевненістю в собі, а також із «прагненням до мудрості»; досить зв’язаним виявився зв’язок із показниками «допомога іншим», «доброта до людей», «віра в добро», «самореалізація у професії». У контексті завдань започаткованого дослідження виділено чотири групи респондентів та вивчено їх психологічні особливості. Так, наведено особливості психологічної ресурсності досліджуваних із високим, помітним, помірним та номінальним рівнями психоемоційного здоров’я. Отримані експериментальні дані засвідчують правомірність розгляду психологічної ресурсності як основи психоемоційного здоров’я студентів закладу вищої освіти. Емпірично установлено: чим вищими є показники психологічної ресурсності респондентів із високим та помірним рівнями психоемоційного здоров’я, тим виразнішою є позитивна динаміка розвитку досліджуваної інтегративної особистісної властивості. Поглиблення наукових уявлень про вираженість психологічної ресурсності особистості як основи її психоемоційного здоров’я спрямовує психологічний супровід здоров’я, а саме збереження здобувачів освіти у практичній навчально-професійній діяльності.