bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONTRIBUSI PERADABAN ISLAM PADA DUNIA
Authors: Rahman Ghajali
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the contribution of Islamic civilization in various fields of science to the progress of the world from the time of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) until the collapse of the Abbasid caliphate in 1258 AD. The progress of Islam is based on the teachings of Islam itself which teaches about the importance of science and glory for lmu claimants so as to give rise to the spirit for Muslims to study and develop science be it religious science or general science. The progress of Islamic civilization was also supported by Islamic leaders at that time to advance science, so that science developed rapidly in various fields of discipline and provide benefits that can be felt to this day. It cannot be denied that the progress of science today has the contribution of a glorious Islamic civilization. Therefore, it is important to show a claim to the contribution of ancient Islamic civilization through the innovation of studies by Muslim scientists today that integrates the Qur'an and science and technology
Prof. Hamid Algar, İslam Devriminin Kökenleri, Ankara: Endişe Yayınları, 2. Basım, 1990, 152 s.
Authors: Yılmaz Hatice Zişan
Published: June 2024

İslam Devriminin Kökenleri adlı kitap Şiiliğin İran coğrafyasına yerleşmesinden İran İslam Devrimi'ne kadar geçen süreçteki tarihi seyrini özetleyen, ayrıca İran İslam Devrimi'ni siyasi ve sosyolojik sebepleri açısından ele alan bir eserdir. Eser ayrıca İran Devrimi'nin hedeflerine dair de detaylara yer vermekte bu bağlamda bize devrimin başlangıcında ortaya konan hedefler ile bu gün ortaya çıkan sonuçlar hakkında bir mukayese imkanı sunmaktadır. Faydalı içeriği ve akıcı üslubu ile okunmaya değer kıymetli bir eserdir.
PARENTING CONCEPT IN THE SOCIETY ERA 5.0
Authors: Muallifah Muallifah , Fatcholli Imadulhaq
Published: July 2024

Kemajuan teknologi saat ini, membuat gaya hidup semua orang berubah. Salah satunya adalah disektor pendidikan, pendidikan utama yang akan diberikan oleh orang tua kepada anak. Hal ini yang akan menjadi titik fokus penelitian ini. Kemudahan untuk mengakses informasi saat ini cukup meresahkan karena anak-anak dapat dengan mudah mengonsumsi berbagai informasi dalam bentuk berbagai dimensi (Audio, visual dan audio-visual). Sehingga sangat mungkin mereka akan menerima informasi yang hoax dan lain sebagainya. Yaitu informasi yang berisi konten-konten negatif. Tidak hanya itu, anak-anak juga memiliki kecenderungan asik bermain dengan gadget mereka sehingga lupa dengan kehidupan di sekitarnya. Hal tersebut tidak dapat dihindari oleh orang tua atau pun bukan cara yang paling baik untuk mengisolasi mereka dari kemajuan digital ini. Namun, hendaknya orang tua lebih memahami dan mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Karena proses pendidikan yang salah akan mengalami penyimpangan-penyimpangan sehingga terjadi kesalahan pada suatu hal yang tidak diharapkan. Pada era society 5.0 ini, sebuah transformasi teknologi yang memungkinkan pengaksesan dalam ruang maya yang terasa seperti ruang fisik. Di era society 5.0 bisa jadi anak yang belajar secara formal langsung berhadapan dengan robot atau aplikasi yang khusus dirancang untuk menggantikan pendidik atau dikendalikan oleh pendidik dari jarak jauh dan hal-hal interaktif tersebut. Oleh karena itu maka diperlukan suatu konsep baru agar pendidikan orang tua terhadap anak tetap adaptif yaitu smart modeling dan techno modeling.
Evaluation of Plain Ultrasound Therapy versus Diclofenac Phonophoresis for the management of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Authors: Faızal Asan Mohamed , Hegde Shruthi , Ajıla Vıdya
Published: June 2024

Objective: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are one of the most common causes of Chronic orofacial pain. Management of TMD includes various invasive and non-invasive methods. The present study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of plain ultrasound therapy and 1% diclofenac gel phonophoresis in the management of TMDs.
Materials and Methods: 50 subjects with pain in the TMJ region, falling in Research Diagnostic Criteria (Group I and II) for TMJ disorders and in the age group of 18-40 years were included in the study. Subjects were divided into 2 groups by simple randomization. Group A comprised of 25 Subjects who received plain Ultrasound therapy, while Group B comprised of 25 Subjects who received Diclofenac gel Phonophoresis. All the study subjects were asked to refrain from consuming any other analgesics and muscle relaxants until the completion of six sessions over a period of two weeks. Pre and Post treatment assessment of the subjects was carried out using visual analogue scale (VAS) for TMJ pain, Maximum Mouth opening (MMO) and Helkimo clinical dysfunctional Index (HI). Recurrence within a period of 3 months was recorded in both groups.
Results: Intergroup comparisons of VAS, HI and MMO between pre and post treatment were analysed using Independent t-tests. The difference in the mean pre (T1) and post (T2) treatment pain VAS scores and Helkimo index (HI) in both the groups was statistically significant. Group B showed statistically significant reduction in the VAS scores, HI compared to Group A. There was no statistically significant difference in the recurrences among the two groups.
Conclusion: The findings of present study showed that 1% Diclofenac phonophoresis was more effective than plain ultrasound therapy with regard to reduction of pain and functional ability of the TMJ.
Understanding Facilitator Interventions in the Swedish Service “Taltjänst”
Authors: Cromnow Maria , Samuelsson Christina , Danielsson Henrik , Plejert Charlotta
Published: July 2024

The Swedish Communication Facilitation Service “Taltjänst” provides support to people with communication disorders, commonly caused by neurological disabilities, and their conversation partners. This study aims to investigate interaction within ”Taltjänst”, focusing on facilitator interventions by exploring; 1) When do facilitators intervene? 2) When do the primary conversation participants manage the conversation without facilitator support? Multimodal interaction/ Conversation analytical methods were used to analyse two phone calls involving a facilitator and clients with communication disorders. One client had congenital dysarthria, while the other had acquired aphasia, allowing for comparison of the interactional challenges faced by the facilitator when addressing different disorders. The analyses revealed that; 1) facilitators are commonly invited to intervene by their client’s eye gaze, and 2) there is a routine of intervening after every non-interrupted turn of the client with dysarthria, while the intervention pattern for the client with aphasia is more varied. These findings provide insights into the work of communication facilitators, and anyone supporting phone calls involving participants with a communication disorders. Furthermore, an increased understanding of interactional practices can contribute to the development of this essential, yet underexplored service.
interfaces entre a subjetividade e a docência no curso de Psicologia
Authors: Fernandes Maria Elcy , Resende Marilene Ribeiro
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender os sentidos do ser docente no curso de Psicologia, na construção de um espaço relacional de ensino-aprendizagem, que ultrapasse o saber técnico. Volta-se para a elucidação de elementos da constituição do docente do ensino superior, incluindo os vínculos construídos, buscando apreender os sentidos engendrados pelos sujeitos. O referencial teórico fundamenta-se na compreensão da subjetividade desenvolvida por González Rey e nos aspectos interpsíquicos e intrapsíquicos propostos pela Psicanálise contemporânea.  A metodologia é de natureza qualitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada com seis docentes do curso de Psicologia de Instituições de Ensino Superior, públicas e privadas, de cidades do Triângulo Mineiro e Noroeste do estado de São Paulo. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada com caráter exploratório. A análise de dados foi feita segundo os princípios e os procedimentos dos “Núcleos de Significação”, propostos por Aguiar e Ozella (2006, 2013). A partir das falas dos participantes, foram identificados os pré-indicadores, que foram agrupados em indicadores, o que permitiu a construção de quatro núcleos de significação, dos quais um deles é tratado neste artigo: “A constituição da subjetividade nas vinculações afetivas no exercício da docência no curso de Psicologia”, construído a partir de três indicadores. Concluindo, compreende-se que se foi constituindo uma subjetividade individual dos docentes participantes, inseparável de uma subjetividade social, predominando nas relações aspectos dos vínculos amorosos, que produziram reconhecimento e identificação.
Práticas investigativas na Educação Infantil
Authors: Lorenzon Mateus , da Rosa Cleci Teresinha Werner , Darroz Luiz Marcelo
Published: July 2024

Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma metapesquisa desenvolvida com intuito de analisar teses e dissertações que abordam práticas investigativas na Educação Infantil no período de 2012-2022. A amostra é composta por 18 estudos extraídos do Banco de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, sendo que estes foram submetidos a um processo de leitura sistemática, a fim de identificar a abrangência das investigações, as concepções teóricas e as escolhas metodológicas das pesquisas. A análise dos dados infere que não há uma unicidade em torno dos pressupostos teóricos que fundamentam o material analisado. No entanto, identificam-se cinco grandes tendências epistemológicas: I) Construtivismo; II) Sociointeracionismo; III) Abordagens Italianas de Educação Infantil; IV) Sociologia da Infância; V) Pedagogia de Projetos. Em relação aos aspectos epistemedológicos, hegemonicamente, os estudos são qualitativos, predominando, a pesquisa-ação, estudo de caso e pesquisa experimental. Detecta-se ainda uma pluralidade de instrumentos de geração de dados para o corpus dos estudos. Por fim, salienta-se que evidenciar a heterogeneidade de fundamentos e posicionamentos em relação ao campo de estudo, elucidando aspectos convergentes e divergentes, é necessário para a continuidade da pesquisa proposta, uma vez que evidencia possíveis lacunas e tensões existentes.
Território e currículo
Authors: Franques Bruno Marcondes , Machado Ananda
Published: July 2024

Em exercício transdisciplinar, embasado no pensamento complexo, em busca de uma práxis que possa ser efetiva nas estratégias de gestão, proteção e promoção da educação em territórios indígenas, este estudo propõe relacionar duas ferramentas que vêm sendo utilizadas com algum êxito por esses povos, mas pouco sintonizadas. Os Planos de Gestão Territorial e Ambiental (PGTAs) e os Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos Referenciais para Terras Indígenas (PPPR-TIs) têm perspectivas participativas, colaborativas pela gestão autônoma das comunidades e territórios. Enquanto os PGTAs são elaborados para resolução imediata de conflitos e ameaças, os PPPR-TIs podem incorporar as mesmas questões e temáticas em projetos de mais longo prazo, preparando as novas gerações para representarem os interesses de seus povos com as competências necessárias, sentimento de pertencimento estimulado e identidade cultural fortalecida. Um caminho necessário e bastante promissor nesses tempos de ameaças intensas e complexas que extrapolam as questões locais e se projetam em um mundo em crise. A pesquisa conclui que a sincronicidade entre os PGTAs e PPPR-TIs fortalece os dois projetos e aumenta a possibilidade de atingir aos objetivos das duas metodologias/ferramentas propostas. Do mesmo modo pode corroborar para que as crianças tenham desde cedo uma educação escolar contextualizada e potente na direção da autodeterminação e da sustentabilidade.
Purification and evaluating in vitro activity of a fibrinolytic protease produced by a mangrove isolate Bacillus subtilis AIBL_AMSB2_M7E32
Authors: Sompalli Bhavana , Malaviya Alok
Published: June 2024

One of the main causes of heart-related problems globally is intravascular thrombosis. Microbial fibrinolytic proteases play a very crucial role in the management of thrombosis. Plasminogen activators and plasmin-like proteins, which are fibrinolytic enzymes of microbial origin, hydrolyze thrombin with great efficacy and without causing noticeable side effects. These fibrinolytic enzymes can also be manufactured efficiently and economically in huge quantities within a short period. However, the search for novel fibrinolytic enzymes demands difficult purification procedures, as well as physicochemical and structural-functional properties that provide information about their mode of action. In this study, the strain named Bacillus subtilis AIBL_AMSB2_M7E32, isolated from the Coringa mangrove soils, was shown to produce a fibrinolytic enzyme. The enzyme was purified by a four-step purification process that resulted in a 43.33-fold purification with a specific activity of 6368.20 (U/mg). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the purified enzyme was a protein of about 28 kDa and showed fibrinolytic activity on a zymogram. In vitro assay on blood clots revealed that the purified enzyme could lyse the blood effectively by a percentage of 72.96 ± 0.16a%, indicating that the enzyme could be used as a fibrinolytic agent. Furthermore, an observation for enzyme stability and its in vivo activity studies would be necessary for its application in the market.
The induction of metallothionein by sulforaphane reduces iron toxicity via Nrf2
Authors: Elvandari Amanda Putri , Siswanto Ferbian Milas , Imaoka Susumu
Published: June 2024

Iron is essential for cell survival; however, iron overload disorders lead to excess iron deposition, which can induce oxidative stress and reduce cell viability. Rapid chelation of iron to prevent oxidative stress is critical to avoiding the negative impacts of iron overload. Iron-chelating agents are often used to treat iron overload; however, most of these agents have adverse side effects and a narrow scope of applications. Recently, many classes of phytochelators with additional antioxidant activities have been developed for clinical use. Sulforaphane (SFN) has potent antioxidant and cytoprotective activities, but its role in iron metabolism has never been reported. Thus, we assessed the protective role of SFN against iron-induced cell toxicity in hepatoma Hep3B cells and examined its mechanism. In this study, Fe ions increased intracellular ROS levels and decreased cell viability. An antioxidant transcription factor called NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was activated by Fe treatment. Iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) reduced ROS levels but did not affect cell viability. Next, we assessed the protective role of SFN and showed that SFN decreased ROS levels and improved cell viability by further enhancing Nrf2 levels via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. Mechanistically, Nrf2 transcriptionally activated metallothionein (MT), a metal-binding protein. Overexpression of MT protected Hep3B cells from excess iron-induced toxicity, similar to SFN cytoprotective activities. These results suggest that the induction of Nrf2 and the increased MT mRNA by SFN are essential mechanisms contributing to reduced oxidative stress and improved viability in iron overload disorders.
Laboratory Facilities as Predictors of Academic Performance among Maritime Students
Authors: Berro Ernesto , Calonia Romeo , Alastra Jao , Asis Justine , Cayao Ahleckz , Rendon Ruel , Sozalo Judie
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the influence of laboratory facilities on maritime students' learning and extent of delivery of instruction at the Merchant Marine Academy of Caraga Inc. It emphasizes the need for improvements to align with industry requirements and prepare students for future challenges. The research examines the impact of specific facilities like the seamanship lab, bridge simulator, and chart room. The researchers used a quantitative approach to gather data from maritime students and instructors through surveys. The analysis focused on the serviceability of the labs in terms of equipment availability, maintenance, and safety standards. The justification for the research is further supported by the findings, which indicate that most facilities are in good working order, with serviceability ranging from 77% to 87%. Interestingly, the study highlights that instructor expertise is just as important as the facilities themselves. It emphasizes that instructor experience and teaching methods significantly impact student learning, suggesting a need for investment in instructor development alongside improvements to the laboratories. In conclusion, the abstract justifies the research by demonstrating that laboratory facilities are important for maritime student learning and that there is a need for improvement in order to prepare students for the challenges of the maritime industry. The abstract outlines a methodology to investigate this and presents preliminary findings that justify further research.
Determinación y género en las construcciones verbales fijas
Authors: Mogorrón Huerta Pedro
Published: July 2024

En este artículo se ha llevado a cabo una investigación encaminada a analizar, por un lado, el tratamiento y contenido genérico en español de los componentes de las construcciones verbales fijas y, por otro lado, la variación genérica que puede producir en las mismas construcciones. Para ello, después de exponer lo innovador de esta investigación, se analiza el género de los componentes, así como las posibilidades de variación genérica de las construcciones verbales fijas en la base de datos del grupo de investigación Frasytram, que contienen en la actualidad 40 770 entradas. Conviene destacar que esta investigación se realiza tanto en las CVF del español peninsular y/o común como en el español hispanoamericano. Los datos muestran que se trata de un fenómeno de gran dimensión, que conviene ser tratado por su evidente actualidad y contribución a la normalización del uso lingüístico.
De la inmortalidad del cangrejo y las siete vidas del gato: hacia una caracterización de la fraseología zoomorfa cubana
Authors: Labrada Hernández Geisy
Published: July 2024

El trabajo se centra en exponer e ilustrar las características principales de la fraseología zoomorfa cubana, es decir, aquella integrada por expresiones que emplean el nombre, una cualidad o una acción propia de un animal para referirse a características, conductas o comportamientos humanos. Para ello, además de la sistematización del objeto de estudio llevada a cabo en diferentes investigaciones entre los años 2019 y 2024, parte del análisis de una base de datos elaborada a partir de la recopilación y procesamiento de 639 unidades fraseológicas zoomorfas de uso actual en Cuba. Los resultados procedentes de los estudios específicos desarrollados con anterioridad, así como el análisis de la información recopilada en la base de datos, han permitido establecer generalizaciones y advertir rasgos distintivos en cuanto a la forma, significado y uso de las unidades fraseológicas zoomorfas en el español de Cuba. Por ende, aun cuando esta temática había recibido una exigua atención en la lingüística del país, la labor investigativa puesta en práctica permite hoy integrar resultados parciales y dispersos en una caracterización general de la fraseología zoomorfa cubana.
Quasi-Rational Solutions to the Seventh Equation of the NLS Hierarchy
Authors: Gaillard Pierre
Published: June 2024

The following study is part of a research program of rational solutions of the hierarchy of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. Here, we are interested in the equation of order 7 and we highlight particular solutions providing the first orders of rogue waves not yet found.
Spatial Matrix Evaluation of Heavy Metals from Heat Ventilating Air Conditioning Filter Dust in Bonny Metropolis
Authors: Minaibim Abbey Dabebara , Tertsea Awuhe Timothy , Charles Ogunyemi Tolulope , Ellerton Abbey Minaibim
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the spatial distribution and concentration of heavy metals in dust collected from heat ventilating air conditioning (HVAC) filters in Bonny Metropolis. The importance of understanding heavy metal contamination lies in its significant health risks and environmental impact, this research is crucial for understanding environmental contamination in enclosed environments. Samples were collected from 15 coordinate points during the dry season (January- February 2024) using sterilized equipment to prevent cross-contamination. Samples were processed in the laboratory, followed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS) analysis to quantify metal concentrations. Data analysis involved statistical methods using SPSS to determine the mean concentrations and standard deviations of the metals and environmental assessment indicators such as Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Enrichment Factor (EF). Results revealed substantial contamination with heavy metals across various sites. Lead (Pb) levels ranged from 1.40±0.01 to 8.70±0.01 mg/kg, Cadmium (Cd) from 0.001±0.00 to 0.97±0.03 mg/kg, and Chromium (Cr) from 2.04±0.04 to 9.39±0.06 mg/kg, among others. Notably, Pb and Cd levels exceeded WHO and DPR recommended values, indicating significant anthropogenic pollution sources. The contamination profiles varied by location, with specific sites showing higher multiple pollution indices, particularly for Pb, Cd, and Cr. Enrichment factors for heavy metals suggested severe enrichment due to human activities, with Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, As, Se, Zn, and Hg significantly elevated at most sites. These findings highlight severe environmental and public health risks, emphasizing the need for urgent remediation and regulatory measures, for improved waste management practices and public awareness of the dangers of heavy metal pollution. Regular maintenance and replacement of HVAC filters, as well as minimizing indoor activities that generate heavy metal-laden dust, are recommended to mitigate exposure. Future research should focus on identifying specific anthropogenic sources and developing effective strategies for mitigating heavy metal pollution in urban environments. The study underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and stricter environmental controls to safeguard public health and environmental air quality in Bonny Metropolis.
Identification of Novel Plant-derived Inhibitors of the EGFR Kinase Domain Using vHTS, QSAR and Molecular Docking Approaches
Authors: Adeniran Olawole Yakubu
Published: June 2024

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) is a crucial target in the pursuit of anti-tumor drug discovery. This study investigates 305 phytochemicals from five known anticancer plants (Anacardium occidentale, Annona muricata, Spondias mombin, Ocimum gratisimum, and Zingiber officinale) for their potential as EGFR kinase domain inhibitors. Through Virtual High Throughput Screening (vHTS), lead compounds were identified and subjected to ADMET filtering. A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) model was developed using bioassay data from the ChEMBL database, exhibiting strong statistical robustness and external validation. Molecular docking studies revealed interactions of lead compounds with critical residues within the EGFR ATP kinase domain. Actinidine, berberine, and corydaline demonstrated adherence to Lipinski's rule of five, indicating drug-likeness. Notably, actinidine forms hydrophobic interactions with Phe-856, while berberine establishes hydrogen bonds with Asp-855. Corydaline engages in extensive hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions within the ATP pocket of the EGFR kinase domain. These findings underscore the potential of actinidine, berberine, and corydaline as EGFR kinase domain inhibitors, supported by a robust QSAR model, marking progress in the search for novel anticancer agents targeting EGFR inhibition.
Butterfly Inflationary Effects of Multiply Police Check-Points in Nigeria
Authors: Unegbu Angus Okechukwu
Published: June 2024

There exists established research evidence of multiple police-check-points in the South East of Nigeria. Current research objective is to find out effects of these choking Police Check Points on the butterfly inflationary trends in the Nigerian Economy. It is a ripple effect of insignificant variable in one economic area that had a very significant effect in the whole and /or another section(s) of the populace.  Data were sampled from a total of 450 business persons the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria with business links to South East Zone, in addition to other areas. The research established direct nexus between increasing police-check points in South East and increasing prices of goods and services in the Nigeria economy. The level of significance of surge Police tollgates in South East Zone and its butterfly inflationary trends in Nigeria is found to be significantly high on normal goods bought and sold with the Country. It is recommended among others that most of these check-points be disbanded if they are not there for political economy and exhortations against the Eastern States of Nigeria.
The Role of State Sharia Securities (SBSN) in Indonesia's Financing Sector
Authors: Zuhdi Muhammad Iqbal , Wahyudi  , Suradi Romi
Published: June 2024

Aims: This research aims to determine the role of State Sharia Securities (SBSN) in the financing sector in Indonesia. In this context, State Sharia Securities are one of the supporting factors in addressing the state budget deficit.
Study Design: To describe the existing data in words so that readers can easily understand the purpose of this research.
Place and Duration of Study: The research location is in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the timeframe of this research is from 2013 to 2023.
Methodology: This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with Government Sharia Securities as the independent variable and the financing sector in Indonesia as the dependent variable. The data in this study are secondary data obtained through the annual financial reports available on the official websites of Bank Indonesia, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Development Planning Agency.
Results: The results of this study show that Government Sharia Securities play a role in supporting the national financing sector, with the majority of national financing funded by the State Budget. The emergence of Government Sharia Securities can help the government address the deficit in the State Budget.
Firm Level Attributes of Sustainability Disclosure Compliance: Moderating Role of Institutional Quality
Authors: Bello Mohammed Sabo , Said Ridzwana Mohd , Gardazi Syeda Saba Nazir
Published: July 2024

Corporate Sustainability Disclosure Compliance (CSDC) has become increasingly important globally as stakeholders demand greater transparency and accountability from companies regarding their environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices. However, the extent to which companies comply with sustainability disclosure requirements can vary depending on the quality of the institutional environment in which they operate. In Nigeria, a country with a diverse economic landscape and varying levels of institutional quality, understanding how institutional factors influence firms' compliance with sustainability reporting guidelines is critical to promoting sustainable business practices and improving corporate governance standards. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing CSDC by examining the moderating effect of institutional quality using the rule of law as a proxy. Based on the theoretical framework of new institutionalism, a set of hypotheses was formulated and subsequently tested using a dataset of 118 listed companies from 2011 to 2017. The study found a statistically significant and positive relationship between the rule of law and CSDC in the Nigerian context. However, there was no statistically significant evidence to support the relationship between liquidity and the rule of law. In contrast, the relationship between industry type and the rule of law, as well as the relationship between leverage and the rule of law, were both positive and significant, suggesting better compliance with transparency in the presence of efficient legal systems. However, the interaction between taxation and the rule of law showed a negative relationship, highlighting the need for caution in interpreting its moderating role. This study contributes to existing knowledge, policy and practice by highlighting the moderating effect of the rule of law.
Styrene Gas Leak Incident Analysis in Vishakapatnam: Event Tree Analysis, Root Cause Analysis and Threat Zone Determination Using ALOHA Software’’
Authors: Vijay M.
Published: June 2024

The Visakhapatnam gas leak incident happened on May 7, 2020, at LG Polymers chemical plant in RR Venkatapuram, Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh, India, resulted in fatalities and several injuries. This study is about a comprehensive analysis of the incident and also focuses on the causes of the gas leak, the nature of the chemical industry, the subsequent response and its impact on Environment and Human Health. A detailed study about styrene gas leaks, the chemicals involved, and also about styrene-related accidents, safety data, and relevant laws and acts governing chemical storage. The work identifies various factors contributing to the gas leakage, including tank design, temperature control, recirculation systems, inhibitor addition protocols, and the risk of polymerization and runaway reactions. Methodologies like ALOHA for threat zone determination, Event Tree Analysis (ETA) for consequence determination, and Root Cause Analysis (RCA) were employed to identify the causes and consequences of the incident. The main factors contributing to the accident were identified as the company's failure to adhere to proper styrene storage standards and severe defects in the construction of the storage tank. This catastrophe serves as a stark reminder of the critical importance of adhering to safety regulations in the chemical sector, as well as highlighting the importance on the reliability of process industries. The results from these analyses aimed to enhance safety measures within the chemical industry to prevent similar calamities in the future.
Improved LARS Algorithm for Adaptive LASSO in the Linear Regression Model
Authors: Kayanan Manickavasagar , Wijekoon Pushpakanthie
Published: June 2024

The adaptive LASSO method has been employed for reliable variable selection as an alternative to LASSO in linear regression models. This paper introduces an adjusted LARS algorithm that integrates adaptive LASSO with several biased estimators, including the Almost Unbiased Ridge Estimator (AURE), Liu Estimator (LE), Almost Unbiased Liu Estimator (AULE), Principal Component Regression Estimator (PCRE), r-k class estimator, and r-d class estimator. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is evaluated through Monte Carlo simulation and empirical examples.
Estimation of Available Protein Content in Different Tissues of Mulberry Silkworm Larva (Bombyx mori L.)
Authors: Chanotra Suraksha , Kour Avleen , Nazar Taahir Shafiq , Verma Gurvinder Raj
Published: June 2024

Mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L. is the only silkworm having monophagous feeding habit with mulberry as the sole food material. Larval body of the silkworm constitutes silk gland as one of the main body organs that accounts for 60% of the body weight during 5th instar and acts as a bioreactor that converts mulberry leaf protein into silk protein composed of sericin and fibroin. The biochemical analysis for detecting total available protein content in different body tissues of the silkworm larvae like silk gland, hemolymph and whole larval body of 5th instar larvae was analyzed. The results showed values varying considerably from one another as 69.2 and 76.5% in silk gland, 51.9 and 47.6% in hemolymph and 50% in whole larval body for the studied hybrid samples namely FC1xFC2 and FC2xFC1. In case of silkworm hybrid FC1xFC2, the studied larval body sample revealed the optical density (OD) value in the range of 260 nm, 270 nm and 180 nm for larval body, hemolymph and silk gland sample respectively depicting the presence of fairly pure proteins in sufficient amount in the studied sample. In case of silkworm hybrid FC2xFC1, the studied larval body sample revealed the OD value in the range of 197 nm, 124 nm and 199 nm for larval body, hemolymph and silk gland depicting the presence of fairly pure proteins. The current observations on biochemical profiling could be utilized for future breeding prospects for development of region and season specific hybrids with desirable metric traits.
An Overview of Stem Borer (Celosterna scabrator) (Stromatium barbatum) of Grapevine
Authors: Bhole Sumedh Pravin , Devi Yendrembam K
Published: June 2024

The cultivation of grapevines in India, particularly in the key producing regions of Maharashtra and Karnataka, faces significant threats from stem borers, primarily Celosterna scabrator and Stromatium barbatum. This review comprehensively examines the impact of these pests on grapevine yields, detailing their biology, lifecycle, and the complexities involved in their management. It highlights how the behaviour of these pests, such as pupating inside the stems, complicates conventional control methods, making them less effective. The review also explores the role of forest trees as alternate hosts, suggesting that changes in land use, such as deforestation, exacerbate the vulnerability of grapevines to these pests. With S. barbatum noted for its extensive host range and distribution across various regions, the review underscores the importance of thoroughly understanding pest biology and behaviour in developing effective pest management strategies. It advocates for integrated pest management (IPM) approaches that combine biological control, habitat management, and the judicious use of pesticides. By focusing on the specific challenges posed by C. scabrator and S. barbatum, this review contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable pest management in grapevine cultivation, aiming to mitigate yield losses and ensure the viability of this important agricultural sector in India.
In vitro Evaluation of Bio Control Agents and Botanicals against Mulberry Root Rot Pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae
Authors: Reddy Naveen Chandra , Naika Ramakrishna , M. Mahesh , Garai Ishita , K.B. Bharath , D. Thrilekha
Published: July 2024

Mulberry root rot is fast spreading disease caused by L. theobromae. The pathogen can be managed by synthetic fungicides. However, enormous use of synthetic fungicides leads to residual toxicity which affects the growth and development of silkworm. In this context, an attempt was made to use potential bio control agents for the management of this pathogen. Seven fungal and five bacterial bio agents evaluated out of them T. viride (Tv – B2), T. harzianum (Th - 44), B. subtilis (Bs - M) and (Bs - O) proved as best for inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen. Out of eleven botanical extracts used, garlic proved best at 15 per cent and 20 per cent and agave at 20 per cent concentration against root rot causing pathogen L. theobromae.
Isolation, Sensitivity, and Tolerance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Canine Otitis
Authors: E Neeraja , JR Anju , Kunnuchalil Shafi Muhammed , Joy Lija , PM Deepa , A Janus , KC Bipin , Chandran Archana , RL Rathish
Published: June 2024

Aims: This study aimed to detect Pseudomonas from cases of canine otitis and profile their antibiotic sensitivity pattern.
Study Design: We collected samples aseptically. Antibiogram was done by disc diffusion test. The broth microdilution method was applied for biocide tolerance against chlorhexidine (CHX) and Cetyl Trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB).
Place and Duration of Study: The study period was from March 2023 to March 2024. Samples(n=28) collected were by veterinarians treating the dogs presented at Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex Pookode and Peripheral Veterinary Clinics, Kakkavayal, Wayanad District, Kerala, India and submitted to the laboratory.
Methodology: P. aeruginosa was identified based on colony characteristics and biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity was estimated by a disc diffusion on Muller Hinton Agar. Broth microdilution assay for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of biocides was done in 250 ul plate and cation-adjusted Muller Hinton Broth for culturing bacterial isolates. Statistical analysis using Orange Machine Learning Software and Jamovi statistical application.
Results: Nine isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained. Ciprofloxacin was most effective against most isolates. The difference was statistically significant. Polymixin B and ceftriaxone-tazobactam had lower median zone sizes and were below the cut-off point for sensitivity. There was variation in the zone diameter for most of the drugs. The distribution of zone diameters was positively skewed for gentamicin, ceftriaxone-tazobactam, levofloxacin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin. Chlorhexidine had a statistically significant lower MIC than for CTAB.
Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin could be a better therapeutic option for treating canine otitis caused by P. aeruginosa. Better environmental sanitation against pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa could be attained by chlorhexidine than CTAB.
Study of Epidemiological Patterns and Clinical Profiles of Breast Cancer in Young Patient: A Retrospective Study at Dr. Moewardi Surakarta
Authors: Soewoto Widyanti , Novianty Maria Goretti
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Breast cancer remains a major health problem and a top priority for biomedical research. The incidence of this aggressive disease is around 1,700,000 new cases each year; This figure shows the low level of efforts to prevent this disease. About 12% of breast cancer cases occur in women aged ≥45 years. Unlike breast cancer in older women and the incidence of metastatic breast cancer has significantly increased in younger women over the past 30 years.
Aims: This study aims to identify the characteristics of risk factors on young women with breast cancer patients.
Study Design:  This study was a retrospective descriptive study, with 182 subjects of young women breast cancer patient at the Department of Oncology, RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta in 2021 - 2023.
Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Oncology, RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta in 2021 - 2023.
Methodology: This study was a retrospective descriptive study, with 182 subjects of young women breast cancer patient at the Department of Oncology, RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta in 2021 - 2023. The study will be conducted using medical record of the hospital.
Results: There were some risk factors that we found. There were young age at diagnosis, nulliparity, family history of malignancies, breastfeeding, hormonal contraception, children count, and age at first pregnancy.
Conclusion: This study concludes some risk factors of breast cancer in young women.
Study on Production and Productivity of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Crop as Influenced by Different Organic and Inorganic Nutrient Managements under Mid – Hill Region of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Rakhi  , Alam Mohd Shah , Patel Jay Nath , Yograj  , Ravinder
Published: June 2024

Aim: To study on production and productivity of oat (Avena sativa L.) crop as influenced by different organic and inorganic nutrient managements under mid – hill region of Himachal Pradesh.
Study design: The field experiment was conducted in randomized block design (RBD).
Place and duration of study: A field experiment was carried out during 2022-2023 with the concept of integrated nutrient management at Abhilashi University Chail chowk Mandi (H.P.).
Methodology: Seven treatments were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. T1 – Control, T2 -50% NPK (N40 P20 K20), T3- 75% NPK (N60 P30 K30), T4-100% NPK (N80 P40 K40), T5- 50% NPK + FYM 10 t/ha, T6-75% NPK + FYM 5 t/ha, T7-75% NPK + FYM 10 t/ha.
Results: The higher growth of oat crop could be achieved by adopting integrated nutrient management (T7 -75% NPK + FYM 10 t/ha) proved significantly superior to other treatments. The minimum value of growth parameters was recorded under control. Results revealed that higher yield attributes viz. No. of effective tillers, Spike length, No. of spikes, Grains per spike, test weight, were recorded under T7-75% NPK + FYM 10 t/h and lowest were recorded under T1-control. Yield parameters viz. grain yield, straw yield, biological yield was highest recorded under T7- (75% NPK + FYM 10 t/ha) and lowest were recorded under T1- control.
Conclusion: On the basis of one season study, it can be safely concluded that the application of 75% NPK + FYM 10 t/ha superior in terms of growth and yield.
An Improved Synthesis of Teriflunomide and Identification, Synthesis and Characterization of Its Critical Process Impurities
Authors: Pandurang Panchabhai Prasad , Sonune Kailas Narayan
Published: June 2024

Teriflunomide has an impeccable drug used to treat multiple sclerosis. Ample of literature is available for its synthesis, however, it does not reveals the potential impurities formation during synthesis, The chief intent of the article is to highlight the key impurities formation in Teriflunomide synthesis that yet to have to be documented in the literature and are not mentioned in any monograph. It also provides an overview of the process flow for the formation of new contaminants and their fate in the carryover study. The generation of corresponding impurities from impurity-I, i.e. ((Z)-4-Amino- N, N'-bis[(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] benzimidamide, which generates in starting material (4-TFMA) and has a genotoxic alert, is discussed in every stage of Teriflunomide (I) synthesis, and a characterization study is carried out for corresponding impurities. The paper also provides a brief overview of the development of isomeric impurities from the beginning material 4-TFMA and equivalent impurities from the precursor of another starting material, cyano acetic acid. All of the impurities were identified, and the data is presented in this publication. The primary goal of the invention is to reveal the crucial impurity creation and elimination from the process, resulting in a highly efficient and scalable method. Also the invention introduces the new concept for amidation process to well-optimized reaction conditions. The synthesis avoids the use of unsafe chemicals and pyrophoric bases, and new the boric acid concept is introduced for amidation in Teriflunomide synthesis.
Resource Use Pattern, Efficiency and Constraints in Onion Production: A Special Reference to Haveri District, Karnataka, India
Authors: S. Patil Yashavantagouda , M. K. Aravinda Kumar, , Gaddi G. M. , Bonigala Deepika
Published: June 2024

Aim: To study and examine the resource use pattern, resource use efficiency and different production and marketing constraints faced by the onion growers in Haveri district of Karnataka.
Study Design: A multistage random sampling technique was adopted for the selection of villages and sample respondents in the study area. Fifty farmers each from both Ranebennur and Haveri taluks were contacted using a random sampling procedure for the collection of data on the production of onion
Place and Duration of Study: Primary data on onion production were collected from two major onion-producing taluks viz., Ranebennur and Haveri for the period 2022-23.
Methodology: Cobb-Douglas production function and Garret ranking technique were used to analyse resource use efficiency and constraints in onion production.
Results: It is that the allocative efficiency ratio exceeded unity for expenditure on plant protection chemicals (21.03) and human labour (3.60). This observation indicated an under-utilization of these resources, suggesting that enhancing their application could increase the yield. Conversely, the efficiency for seed and FYM was slightly lesser than unity and was negative for fertilizer input, suggesting the over-utilization of these resources. Under production constraints, high seed costs ranked first with a mean score of 72.5, while price fluctuation earned the highest mean score of 70.71 among marketing constraints.
Early remodeling of müller cells in the rd/rd mouse model of retinal dystrophy
Authors: Chua Jacqueline , Nivison‐Smith Lisa , Fletcher Erica L. , Trenholm Stuart , Awatramani Gautam B. , Kalloniatis Michael
Published: January 2013

We studied the anatomical remodeling and gliosis of retinal Müller cells in the rd/rd mouse model of photoreceptor degeneration. A computational calculation of glutamine synthetase immunoreactivity was developed so we could specifically quantify changes in Müller cell anatomy between control mice (C57Bl/6) and the dystrophic strain. We found no change in the number of Müller cell somata between mice strains, indicating no cell proliferation as a function of development and degeneration. The retinal area occupied by the total Müller cell body (soma and processes) was significantly less in the rd/rd mouse retina compared with control mice. When only the outer retina was considered, we found rd/rd Müller cell processes were dramatically reduced during the cone phase of photoreceptor degeneration. However, at older ages an increase in Müller cell processes was seen. Conversely, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression showed a significant increase during cone degeneration followed by a reduction in older ages. Müller cell electrophysiology, particularly K+ currents and membrane potential, was similar between rd/rd and control Müller cells during cone degeneration. Together, these results show that glial remodeling in the rd/rd retina follows separate phases—an initial conservative glial response involving the loss of Müller cells processes, hyperexpression of GFAP, and preservation of normal electrophysiology followed by an active growth of Müller cell processes, glial seal formation, and attenuation of GFAP expression after complete photoreceptor loss. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:2439–2453, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neurochemical codes of sympathetic preganglionic neurons activated by glucoprivation
Authors: Parker Lindsay M. , Kumar Natasha N. , Lonergan Tina , Goodchild Ann K.
Published: January 2013

Glucoprivation or hypoglycemia induces a range of counterregulatory responses, including glucose mobilization, reduced glucose utilization, and de novo glucose synthesis. These responses are mediated in part by the sympathetic nervous system. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical codes of sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPN) activated by glucoprivation, induced by 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (2DG). SPN controlling the adrenal glands and celiac ganglia, which ultimately can innervate the liver and pancreas, were targeted together with the superior cervical ganglia (control). 23.9% ± 1.3% of SPN in the T4–T11 region contained c‐Fos immunoreactivity following 2DG; 70.3% ± 1.8% of SPN innervating the adrenal glands and 37.4% ± 3% of SPN innervating celiac ganglia were activated. 14.8% ± 3.5% of SPN (C8–T3) innervating superior cervical ganglia were activated. In the C8–T3 region 55% ± 10% of SPN activated contained PPCART, with only 12% ± 3% expressing PPE mRNA, whereas, in the T4–T11 region, 78% ± 4% contained PPE, with only 6.0% ± 0.6% expressing PPCART mRNA. Thus CART is not involved in glucose mobilization. Two chemically distinct populations of SPN (PPE+ 57.4% ± 5%, PPE− ∼40%) were identified to regulate adrenaline release in response to glucoprivation. Multiple chemically distinct SPN populations innervating a specific target could suggest their graded recruitment. The two distinct populations of SPN (PPE+ 67.6% ± 9%, PPE− ∼30%) projecting to celiac ganglia activated by glucoprivation could direct pancreatic and hepatic or other counterregulatory responses. Nearly all SPN that expressed PPE mRNA and projected to the adrenal glands or celiac ganglia were activated, suggesting a role for the inhibitory peptide enkephalin in responses evoked by glucoprivation. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:2703–2718, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.