bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Quality Assessment System in Sudanese Construction Industry
Authors: Mohamed Hassan Amin Yasir , Abdulla Nugdalla Ahmedi Mohamed
Published: June 2021

Quality management is considered one of the most important obstacles facing the construction industry in Sudan. The application of a quality assessment system contributes to the development of quality in projects as it is possible to measure the quality in projects. This paper aims to introduce one of the quality assessment systems, which is the system followed and applied in the Singapore (CONQUAS). This system assesses quality based on structural, architectural, mechanical and electrical work. The paper also aims to study the factors affecting the application of the quality assessment system in Sudan. The study is carried out in the region of Khartoum. The study is focusing on the construction projects. The study is carried out by questionnaires and other literature review. The respondents are consultants and contractors. The data has been distributed and analyzed by using the Average Index. From the study it was found that CONQUAS standard is assessed the building based on workmanship standards by the assessors from the BCA on site using standard score sheets. The assessment is done throughout the construction process for structural, mechanical and electrical works, and from questionnaire results the main factors affect construction industry in Sudan is lack of standardization in Sudan. The author recommended that more study shall be conducted to identify factors affecting quality in Sudanese construction industry and how to improve the quality.
Experimental Study of the Bearing Capacity of Stiff Clay Overlying Sand with and without Geotextile Inclusion
Authors: Mustafa Bahga , M. Elsharief Ahmed
Published: June 2021

The objective of this study is to investigate the potential benefits of using reinforcement inclusion to improve the bearing capacity of stiff clay over very loose to medium dense sand. Model load tests were performed on two layered systems, namely stiff clay over very loose, loose, medium dense sand with and without geotextile inclusion between the two layers and on stiff clay only. The load-settlement curves were plotted from the experimental test results, and the ultimate bearing capacity was obtained using Log – Log (L-L), Tangent (TIM), 0.1B and Hyperbolic (HYP) methods. Theoretical approaches were used to compute the ultimate bearing capacities of the tests without and with reinforcement. The test results have shown an increase in the ultimate bearing capacities due to increase in the relative densities of the bottom sand layer. The bearing capacity increased significantly with the inclusion of geotextile layer. The bearing capacity ratio (BCR) for the case of very loose sand as bottom layer was the highest compared to loose and medium dense cases. Load - settlement curve of the pure clay test plots above or is identical to the load - settlement curve of stiff clay overlying medium dense sand with geotextile layer. The maximum benefit for the geotextile inclusion was gained at large strain when the sand was very loose. The analytical methods were generally in good agreement with the experimental model test results obtained by the 0.1B method.
Maintenance and Evaluation of Pavement for Highways
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Ibrahim Magdi
Published: June 2021

In-service pavement requires maintenance, it may be routine in nature, or may be major reconstruction. A pavement is designed for an assumed period, after the expiry of the design period, the pavement is likely to fail structurally and therefore, it would require a major renewal to extend it life further. Even within the service life of a pavement, the top wearing course is likely to be subjected to considerable distress due to the movement of vehicles on it. Thus the wearing course needs some routine Maintenance for smooth movements of vehicles over the pavement. The present paper introduces the reader to the Maintenance issues of a pavement. The paper is divided into sections apart from the introduction of which the first section discusses the various forms of distresses of pavement, their possible origin, and their quantification in terms of distress indices, the next two sections deal with the functional and structural evaluation of pavement their techniques , related equipment, and analysis procedures. Remedial measures to extend the longevity of pavement are discussed in the other sections while last section briefly mentions the need for evolving maintenance strategies subjected to possible fund constrains.
Hyperiid amphipod vertical distribution and community structure in the upper 100 m of the northwestern Caribbean Sea
Authors: Domínguez-Nava Anahí , Gasca Rebeca , Carrillo Laura , Vásquez-Yeomans Lourdes , Suárez-Morales Eduardo
Published: June 2021

The community structure and variability of the hyperiid amphipods of the Northwestern Tropical Atlantic (NWTA) remain largely unknown. We described and analyzed the hyperiid nictemeral, vertical, and horizontal distribution and the influence of environmental variables in the upper 100 m of the northwestern Caribbean Sea. We examined 196 zooplankton samples obtained during both day and nighttime at four depth strata from 49 sampling stations in January 2007. Up to 82 hyperiid species including 14 new regional records were identified and quantified. Both day/night and some interstrata differences were significant, particularly in reference to the uppermost and deepest strata. The local hyperiid community structure appeared to be profiled by the frequency and abundance variations of the two most abundant species, Lestrigonus bengalensis and Brachyscelus crusculum, both being most abundant in the uppermost (0–25 m) stratum. The horizontal distribution of the highest hyperiid abundance and diversity appears to be related to the influence of mesoscale processes like upwelling and cyclonic eddies. The Gulf of Honduras area had relatively low hyperiid abundances. The principal component analysis revealed density and temperature as the main factors explaining the local environmental variability. The canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP) showed that salinity and temperature strongly influenced the variability of the local hyperiid community. Overall, the two middle vertical strata (25–75 m) were relatively uniform; the main differences were found only between the uppermost and deepest strata. This study is the first to provide information regarding small-scale vertical distribution of hyperiid amphipods in the NWTA.
Learning nursing during the COVID-19 pandemic: The importance of perceived relatedness with teachers and sense of coherence
Authors: Utvær Britt Karin , Paulsby Tove Engan , Torbergsen Hanne , Haugan Gørill
Published: June 2021

Background and objective: In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic infected populations worldwide. To limit the spread, many countries declared stay-at-home orders. Teachers were suddenly obliged to teach and facilitate learning online, whereas students had to manage online education alone from home. Within self-determination theory (SDT), the need for relatedness is considered crucial for personal growth, well-being, motivation and learning, whereas sense of coherence (SOC) is a salutogenic health concept explaining humans’ coping with stressful situations. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of teacher relatedness as well as SOC, including the concepts of comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness, among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Survey data were collected from 329 nursing students at a large university in Norway. Twelve hypotheses of the associations between teacher relatedness, SOC and perceived learning were tested by means of structural equation modelling (SEM) using Stata.Results: The SEM yielded an acceptable fit (χ2 = 177.60, p = .000, df = 80, χ2/df = 2.22, RMSEA 0.063, CFI = 0.96, SRMR = 0.048), showing significant, positive relationships between the latent variables of teacher relatedness, SOC and perceived learning. Eleven out of the twelve hypotheses found support, showing both direct and indirect relationships between the latent variables.Conclusions: The study indicates that caring and close teachers seem very important for nursing students’ learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many students do not experience such a teacher relationship, resulting in difficulties studying and learning under crisis. Knowledge about how teachers may mobilize care and close relationships with nursing students is important for students’ learning during a pandemic situation when teaching go digital.
Stemming the Tide: Global Strategies for Sustaining Cultural Heritage through Climate Change
Authors: Rushfield Rebecca
Published: June 2021

Climate change has become one of the most significant and fastest growing threats to cultural heritage around the globe. Yet cultural heritage sites and collections also serve as invaluable sources of resilience for communities to address climate change. In March 2020, the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the Smithsonian’s National Collections Program convened the symposium “Stemming the Tide: Global Strategies for Sustaining Cultural Heritage through Climate Change” to empower cultural heritage authorities, managers, and advocates to pursue more ambitious engagement and collaborative approaches to climate change. Speakers explored six categories of cultural heritage identified by the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS): Cultural Landscapes and Historic Urban Landscapes, Archaeological Sites, Built Heritage (Buildings and Structures), Cultural Communities, Intangible Cultural Heritage, and Museums and Collections.

Contributors: Jean Carroon, Antonietta Catanzariti, Carl Elefante, Nicole Heller, Victoria Herrmann, Amber Kerr, Ken Kimmell, Adam Markham, Henry McGhie, Jenny Newell, Isabel C. Rivera-Collazo, Erin Seekamp, Sarah Sutton, Alison Tickell, William G. Tompkins, Meredith Wiggins, Ashley Robbins Wilson, Janene Yazzie
Construcción social del concepto de "número real" en alumnos de Secundaria : aspectos cognitivos y actitudinales
Authors: Romero Isabel , Rico Romero Luis
Published: June 2021

During the school year 1993-94, we carried out an action-research experience with 14-15 year-old students aimed to study their understanding of real numbers. One of the main features in the introduction of the topic was the work on problematic situations. In the treatment and resolution of these situations, we assumed that social interaction and communication processes in the classroom setting have a great relevance for the development of mathematical understanding in the students. In this article, we explain the assumptions and the methodology that we used in our experience and interpret some of its results, which show the advantages of this approach in the construction of advanced numerical thinking.
¿Tiene sentido seguir distinguiendo entre aprendizaje de conceptos, resolución de problemas de lápiz y papel y realización de prácticas de laboratorio?
Authors: Gil Pérez D. , Furió-Mas Carles , Valdés Castro Pablo , Salinas Julia , Martínez Torregrosa Joaquín , Guisasola Aranzabal Jenaro , González Eduardo M. , Dumas-Carré Andrée , Goffard Monique , Pessoa de Carvalho Anna M.
Published: June 2021

Nuestra pretensión en este trabajo es cuestionar la distinción clásica entre «teoría», «prácticas de laboratorio» y «problemas». Intentaremos mostrar qué investigaciones realizadas en los tres campos privan de sentido a esta separación que, conviene notar, no guarda paralelismo alguno con la actividad científica real.
Introducción de las técnicas de modelización para el estudio de la física y de las matemáticas en los primeros cursos de las carreras técnicas
Authors: Sánchez Pérez E. A. , García Raffi L. M. , Sánchez Pérez J. V.
Published: June 2021

In this article we present a program of interdisciplinary practices for a first engineering course. We followed this program during the course 1996-1997, and we give several examples of the kind of exercises that we used. We also present some remarks and conclusions that we have achieved in our experience. Our purpose is to introduce a teaching strategy for Mathematics and Physics at the University level.
La epistemología constructivista y la didáctica de las ciencias: ¿coincidencia o complementariedad?
Authors: Moreno Armella Luis E. , Waldegg Guillermina
Published: June 2021

To a large extent, criticisms to constructivists epistemologies, in particular to Piaget’s theory, have come from fields like psychology and didactics, not from epistemology itself. Our goal is to show that the power of piagetian theory comes from its epistemological contents. One must not look for this power in education for its own sake. This does not mean that epistemology and educational theories are unrelated but that each one has to define its domain of applicability.
Diseño curricular: indagación y razonamiento con el lenguaje de las ciencias
Authors: Jiménez Aleixandre María Pilar
Published: June 2021

Several questions about what happens inside the classrooms are raised in terms of: Do students «talk science? Do students reason using scientific thinking? How is it possible to design tasks and units to meet these goals? How can we investigate these performances? The inquiry perspective and its connection to science discourse, to reasoning as part of doing science are discussed with examples from a research project on argument.
Conocimiento profesional y epistemología de los profesores, II: estudios empíricos y conclusiones
Authors: Porlán Ariza R. , Rivero García A. , Martín del Pozo Rosa
Published: June 2021

In a previous paper we discuss the theoretic and methodological framework which we have considered for studying the professional knowledge of the teachers. In this paper we present a review of some empirical studies with significance to the analysis of the scientific and didactic conceptions of the teachers. We also present a synthesis of the data obtained by the authors of these studies as well as of the most important conclusions.
De los obstáculos epistemológicos a los conceptos estructurantes: una aproximación a la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la geología
Authors: García Cruz Cándido Manuel
Published: June 2021

Starting from the Bachelard’s model of knowledge construction based upon the notion of scientific change through epistemological obstacles, breaks and acts, Gagliardi’s ideas about the structurant concepts, as a first approach to the learning-teaching of geology, are analysed. From a historical view, both deep-rooted ideas such as the natural theology derived from Genesis, and the improper use of right methodologies such as Actualism or the emphasis on direct observation, among others, have been constituted on their own as major epistemological obstacles. Likewise, the difficulty of direct observation and experimentation, the ideas of both the Earth as a whole and an accumulative science, the fixity, and the actualism, are pointed out as general obstacles affecting on the school learning of geology.
Hacia la innovación de las actividades prácticas desde la formación del profesorado
Authors: García Barros Susana , Martínez Losada Cristina , Mondelo Alonso Matilde
Published: June 2021

This study presents the development of a didactic approach oriented towards teacher-training, carried out among 147 in-service and trainee teachers. Apart from gathering information concerning the teachers’ thoughts about practical work, it also contains a comparative critical analysis directed towards detecting which concrete objectives allow the development of traditional and research practices.
¿Se pueden enseñar contenidos procedimentales en las clases de ciencias?
Authors: Pro Bueno Antonio de
Published: June 2021

The paper we present raises a central question: Can scientific processes be taught in science classes? To be able to answer this initial question some previous issues must first be considered:Are the learning of processes new in the teaching of Science?If both researchers and teachers do not conceptualize these ideas in the same way, what then should we understand by the learning of processes?How are these instructional contents being investigated at present?Beginning with the identification of research areas in this field, we attempt to answer further questions:-      Are there different levels of complexity in a single process?-      How could we use these ideas in the planning of instructional activities?To analyse some of these considerations we have used the contents Tabulated Data and Control of Variables.
Reflexiones en torno a la línea editorial de la revista Enseñanza de las Ciencias
Authors: Sanmartí Puig Neus , Azcárate Carmen
Published: June 2021

The aim of this article is to inform about some thoughts and decisions taken by Ensefianza de las Ciencias journal editorial staff about the criteria for selecting articles. We believe that this criteria should be discussed in order to make possible an effective response to the needs of the teaching and research communities that constitute the public of the journal.
Evaluación de una experiencia de aula con un diseño basado en la teoría de la elaboración
Authors: Macías Ascensión , Maturano Carla Inés , Castro José I.
Published: June 2021

This work proposes a model of a curricular design in Physics and its application in the classroom. It is developed according to the guidelines of the elaboration theory and it is put into practice in a basic university course.It includes an analysis of the structure of knowledge and an organization of the contents involved at different levels. Besides, it provides information about what and how to teach and what and how to evaluate.The results achieved in the classroom according to what is prescribed in this design about Waves and Sound are analyzed and discussed in this paper.
Dificultades en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de los problemas de física y química. I. Opiniones del alumno
Authors: Oñorbe de Torre A. , Sánchez Jiménez J. M.
Published: June 2021

Analysing the ideas with which teachers and pupils confront problems in physics and chemistry. The starting point for this analysis is the compilation of the difficulties and causes of failure involved in solving problems raised during a didactic investigation of these subjects.This part shows the results obtained in relation to the pupils. They show their opinions on the difficulties they came across, their evaluations, relationships between these and other groups of students showing similar characteristics. Another paper will be dedicated to the teacher’s opinions and a comparison between both groups.
¿Ves lo que dibujas? Observando células con el microscopio
Authors: Díaz de Bustamante Joaquín , Jiménez Aleixandre María Pilar
Published: June 2021

The difficulties which Secondary School and University students encounter when looking at cell samples through the microscope are explored in this paper. Students were asked to draw what they expected to see, and later to draw what they did see while performing a Laboratory activity in a classroom situation. The drawings are analysed and categorised. Some of the causes of these difficulties are discussed.
Modelo de enseñanza-aprendizaje centrado en la resolución de problemas: fundamentación, presentación e implicaciones educativas
Authors: Lopes J. Bernardino , Costa N.
Published: June 2021

The present article seeks to present a Science Teaching and Learning Model Based on Problem Solving. The presentation is based on a review or related Literature. An empirical study carried out in Portugal with secondary school teachers of Physics and Chemistry also contributed do devising the model. Finally, the implications for education and further research arising from the model in question are referred to.
Influencia de la formulación del enunciado y del control didáctico sobre la actividad intelectual de los alumnos en la resolución de problemas
Authors: Langlois F. , Gréa J. , Viard J.
Published: June 2021

Using as reference the scientist instead of the expert for analysing the pupil's behaviour in problem solving, we proposed to students (17 years old) closed and open problems. The great diversity of the students' productions and their analysis in the theoretical framework of didactical contract, oblige us to build two analysis grids: one of the students' activities and the other one for the finalities which we attribute to those activities. We show how ranging the strategy of resolution depends on the text of the problem.
La utilización del vídeo para la enseñanza de conceptos básicos (calor y temperatura)
Authors: Insausti M. J. , Beltrán M. T. , Crespo M. S. , García R.
Published: June 2021

The goal of one of the inquiries implemented in the ANTEC Project (Aplicación de las Nuevas Tecnologías a la Enseñanza de las Ciencias) was to analyze the use of videotapes as a means to teach Sciences. In this paper we present the use of vídeotapes related to Heat and Temperature Units, in classrooms with students who were 16 years old. We expected to modify their concepts about these subjects. The results suggest the improvement of students' concepts and vocabulary, although it was not the same with the application of scientific knowledge to everyday events.
Un análisis de las concepciones acerca de la naturaleza del conocimiento científico de los profesores portugueses de la enseñanza secundaria
Authors: Praia Joao , Cachapuz Antonio F.
Published: June 2021

Secondary science teachers play an important role in forming the image of science that is held by their pupils. However, research suggests that quite often science teachers' conceptions of the nature of scientific knowledge are little better that of their students. In Portugal, there are no research studies which may help to characterise science teacher's epistemological views in order to design appropriate training courses. This study aims (i) to diagnose what conceptions (empiristirationalistic) are held by Portuguese secondary science teachers concerning the relationship between theory and observation and also about the called scientific method (ii) to ana.lyse the relationship between such conceptions, and the variables subject matter taught and professional experience. Basic data was generated from responses to a questionnaire (multiple choice questions) given by a representative sample of 464 science teachers. The results showed the predominance of empirist views (nearly 2/3 of the sample) about the two aspects investigated. Ernpirist views seem to be independent of the teaching subject and professional experience. The need for adequate training courses is discussed and stiggestions concerning their design are proposed.
Curso de ingreso en química a la universidad: un espacio de revisión y aprendizaje conceptual
Authors: Raviolo A. , Andrade Gamboa J.
Published: June 2021

In this article we report a didactic experience, based on a contructivist approach we carried forward in a chemistry classroom in the University Admittance Course, with the aim to promote conceptual revision and learning. Essentially two basic conceptual cores (discontinue nature of matter and conservations of matter properties) were taken into account. We started from previous ideas and pupils' difficulties. Several methodological strategies to overcome them were developed.
Difficultés dans l'apprentissage du mesurage
Authors: Larcher C. , Séré M.G. , Journeaux R.
Published: June 2021

This paper presents the difficulties encountered by students of first University year, when carrying out measurements in order to answer a question concerning the isochronism of oscillations o a simple pendulum. It is based on a case study which concerns students who followed a course about measurement eforhand. The global strategies of these students are described. Then the difficulties encountered are analysed. We distinguish two categories: firstly, the difficulties stepping from relationships between a theoretical approach of modelised objects and an experimental approach of given objects; secondly the difficulties coming from the conzeptualisation of differences between the measured values and the reference value. Eventually, elements of the response built by the students are analysed, particularly by assessing the reinvestment of the notions of statistics studied beforehand.
Elaboración y utilización de audiovisuales en la enseñanza de la química
Authors: Llitjós Viza Anna , Estopà Miró C. , Miró Clària A.
Published: June 2021

This article shows the process of elaboration, and the optimal conditions for their use, of audiovisuals as backup material for chemistry classes. We distinguish between producing videos for internal and external use. We stress the importance of the technical quality and the content of videos for external use, and the importance of the teamwork involved in their preparation too. We also examine the role of the scientist at each stage of the process of producing audiovisuals. Finally, we presenta series of videos that we have made, and suggest possible lines of research for future projects in this field.
Cuadernos audiovisuales de laboratorio: hacia una mejora en la enseñanza de la Química
Authors: Permanente de Física y Química Equip Seminario
Published: June 2021

The Audiovisual Laboratory Notebooks are framed into the so-called «active methods for Chemistry teaching», and try to achieve an effective learning, more accurate and at the same time more agreable of the techniques and usual operations in the laboratory, and also a positive attitude towards Chemistry.
Quelques reflexions sur le concept d'entropie issues d'un enseignement de thermodynamique
Authors: Brosseau C. , Viard J.
Published: June 2021

The authors establish the existence of a gap between physics' students conceptions concerning the notion of entropy and Clausius's, Boltzmann's, constructors of this concept. They analyze some basic features at the origin of these conceptions and some characteristics of the common sense interpretation of entropy. They conclude by some didactical propositions.
Habilidad en preguntas conceptuales y en resolución de problemas de Física
Authors: Lang da Silveira F. , Moreira Marco Antonio
Published: June 2021

This study is described correlating the perfomance of engineering students in basically conceptual physics quizzes with their performance in physics exams constituted essentially by problem solving items. Research findings clearly suggest that mastery of concepts in a necessary but not sufficient condition for problem solving.
La masa no se crea ni se destruye ¿Estáis seguros?
Authors: Oñorbe de Torre A. , Sánchez Jiménez J. M.
Published: June 2021

From the very outset of the study of chemistry, the concepts of mass, physical and chemical transformations of matter and the law of conservation are fundamental. However, in reality, the learning of these concepts that pupils believe they understand is not very secure. When they try to apply their ideas to simple questions they make mistakes and the reasoning they use does not correspond to the explanations or definitions that they are able to repeat.
Análisis de la introducción de la teoría de enlaces y bandas
Authors: Solbes Jordi , Vilches Amparo
Published: June 2021

This paper analyses different approaches to the introduction of students to basic concepts of the chemical bond and band theories, as well as common misconceptions related to each concept.
Introducción a la química orgánica: un enfoque curricular
Authors: Seoane Prado C.
Published: June 2021

This article examines several alternative approaches to a teaching curriculum in Organic Chemistry at the University level. A special attention is devoted to basic, general concepts and their organization in the introductory topics.
Historia de la matemática: Integración cultural de las matemáticas, génesis de los conceptos y orientación de su enseñanza
Authors: González Urbaneja Pedro Miguel
Published: June 2021

This report seeks to claim a didactic function for the History of Mathematics, justifying the fact that a complete and profound understanding of the fundamental concepts of any science requires the knowledge of its history. The excessive logical -deductive nature of present Mathematics has given rise to an excessive dogmatism in its teaching, together with an imposition of exactness and strictness as the fundamental, almost exclusive, values of Mathematics, thus influencing the students' negative response. We believe that these deficiencies can be put back to right by means of the teaching of the History of Mathematics, so as to enrich the teachings culturally. We suggest this subject be integrated inter -disciplinarily into the curriculum, and considered a source of inspiration, permanent self  training, and orientation for all educacional activity.
Exploraciones gráficas de ideas extraescolares de los alumnos sobre radiactividad
Authors: Posada José María de , Prieto Ruiz Teresa
Published: June 2021

We present some aspects of radioactivity which somehow are familiar to the students, because as they pick information from outside the school, their level of Knowledge of pupils is not as low as one might expect.
Varieties of Science Education Research : their applications in the classroom
Authors: Lucas A.M.
Published: June 2021

To aid in the task of demonstrating that a variety of research questions needs to be addressed, this paper gives a sketch of the functions of modem science education, then uses that sketch to identify topics about which we need research data, and suggests possible implications for practice.
Concepciones alternativas en Física y Química de Bachillerato : una metodología diagnóstica
Authors: Vázquez Alonso Ángel
Published: June 2021

This paper emphasizes the independence between alternative conceptions and the type of instrument applied to identify them, as well as the usefulness of quantitative criteriums suggested in asses them.
Juegos de simulación por ordenador : un útil para la enseñanza a todos los niveles
Authors: Barberà O. , Sanjosé López V.
Published: June 2021

This paper enhances some of the great number of science educational applications of computers simulation games, and briefly discusses the relationship with the physical structure of computers and living world.
Motivaciones epistemológicas sobre las que se basan las elecciones didácticas llevadas a cabo en las actividades educativas en Italia, desde pre-escolar hasta el bienio superior
Authors: D'Amore B.
Published: June 2021

This article offers a general view of the recent curricular changes of Mathematics in Italy and discusses the epistemological conceptions underlying the different didactical choices now available or appearing along with curricular changes.
Interacciones ciencia/técnica/sociedad : un instrumento de cambio actitudinal
Authors: Solbes Jordi , Vilches Amparo
Published: June 2021

In the present work we show how one of the facts that may help to create a more favourable attitude of the student towards science is the inclusion of the Science/Technique/Natural and social environment relations in the text books: and this approach is not sufficiently explicit in the text books we have analysed.
Una aplicación de las SRTs (Scienced Reasoning Task): Análisis de la relación entre el nivel cognitivo y el rendimiento escolar en 8º de EGB
Authors: Saura Soler J. P. , García de las Bayonas A. , Martínez Múñoz F. , Grupo Johann Kepler Equip
Published: June 2021

In this work we would like to offer to Science Teachers a useful tool for the assessment on their pupils' intellectual maturity. In this way teachers might be able to design and appropriate syllabus for them. Likewise, after a thorough survey carried out at year 8 (EGB), when the student goes to year 9 (beginning of secondary school), we have been able to see the level achieved at the end of this 8 -year period in Experimental Science.
Bases para un programa de investigación en torno a un modelo didáctico de tipo sistémico e investigativo
Authors: Cañal Pedro , Porlán Ariza R.
Published: June 2021

This paper suggests the need of a model which allows coherent articulation of the different partial contributions in the field of science education. Some implications concerning the characteristics of a research programme on that model are derived.
Estudio del grado de persistencia de ciertos preconceptos sobre la estática de fluidos en alumnos de 2º curso del BUP
Authors: Fernández Fernández J. M.
Published: June 2021

This work has two purposes:a) To find out the persistence grade of sorne preconceptions which pupils of second year of B.U.P. have about fluid's statics..b) To check whether the teaching method used is the adequate one for our pupils.Before the fluid's statics study was started we gave them five questions; two monts later we gave them the same questions again.The results show out that an important number of pupils strongly maintained the same wrong ideas they had before this subjet was studied.
Semejanzas y diferencias entre las concepciones infantiles y la evolución histórica de las ciencias : el ejemplo del concepto de fuerza y especialmente del de fuerza de gravedad
Authors: Casadellà Reig Josep , Sanmartí Puig Neus
Published: June 2021

This research refers to the evolution of learning the concept of gravity. The previous ideas of the students, aged 12-13, were analysed to be taken into account prior to the methodology design. An imaginary character defending the students' views was introduce to raise polemics. Among other results, we want to outline that the theory of «ímpetus» eventually come out of the students and was coherently formulated.
Los números en color en la educación matemática de los niños ciegos
Authors: Soto Iborra F. , Gómez Alfonso B.
Published: June 2021

This paper offers research on the educational possibilities of the material called Cuisinaire rods in the Teaching of Mathematics to blind children. Some modifications in such material are put forward.
Experiencia de laboratorio no estructurado en la universidad
Authors: Herrera Cabello F. , Corullón Paredes A.
Published: June 2021

This paper is an introduction to the unstructured laboratory, mentioned by Robinson (1979) and Spears Zollman (1977) for university level. This experience was performed at the Optical Laboratory by the third year physics course students at La Laguna University.
Identificación de comportamientos y características deseables del profesorado de ciencias experimentales del bachillerato
Authors: Brincones Calvo Isabel , Fuentes Martínez A. , Nieda Juana , Palacios Mª J. , Otero J.
Published: June 2021

The aim of this paper is to identify the perceptions of different groups on the variables influencing the efficiency of the experimental science teacher. The opinions of science teaching researchers, school inspectors and the teachers themselves about the behaviour and suitable characteristics of the experimental science teacher have been gathered.
Una investigación del aprendizaje del cálculo aritmético
Authors: Lamarca París J. Mª
Published: June 2021

The aim of this article is that of showing a specific approach in the Didactics of Arithmetic Calculus, and the results that have been achieved using it with about 300 students in the first year of SUP: we also want to show certain criteria which could allow us to improve our method. Such criteria are based both on the realization of the didactIc method itself and on the assumption of certain cognitive factors which have great influence on the learnin& of Arithmetic Calculus. Throughout the developing of our approach in the Didactics 5f Arithmetic Calculus we have emphasized the sections devoted to the teaching of calculus, error enalysis and calculus problem solving (according to Polya).
La renovación didáctica en las ciencias experimentales : estudio bibliométrico
Authors: Mata A. , Méndez A.
Published: June 2021

Applying a bibliometric analysis to the Spanish bibliographic production devoted to new teaching methods in the experimental sciences, published between 1975-1983, trends in teaching innovation are presented. The ocurrence points in which the innovation is taking place, the teaching levels and the topics in which new methods are being used are shown. A comparison with the French bibliographic production at the same time reveals the different ways in which teaching innovation in experimenta: sciences is going in both countries.
Influencia del conocimiento del resultado numérico en la resolución de problemas
Authors: Perales Palacios F. Javier , Cervantes Madrid A.
Published: June 2021

In this paper an experimental study about a specific aspect of physics problem solving is carried out; namaless, the previous knowledge of their solution. Two groups of students attending the teachers' Training College of Granada were selected. Both groups were at random divided into two subgroups; one group knew the problem solutions before the experiment but the other one did not. The influence which the introduced variable exerts on the planning and solution of the problems, when the pupils are tested, has been statistically analyzed.
Enseñanza de la observación de un comportamiento humano en una situación natural
Authors: Bayés Sopena Ramón
Published: June 2021

This paper describes in detail research about the behaviour of a human group, from the setting of the problem to the analysis of results, going through the experimental design of the investigation. It is an experiment carried out on Psychology students and stands as a sample of experimental investigation on social sciences with didactic purposes.
Dificultades en la comprensión de las explicaciones de los libros de texto de física
Authors: Aguirre de Carcer I.
Published: June 2021

Explanations of Spanish secondary school physics textbooks are ana:yzed using a classificatory scheme under two cathegories: concrete and formal. The proportions of concrete and formal explanations found in 589 units of analysis from five textbooks are given. The proportions of «concrete explanations» at the begining of a chapter are also reported. The results are discussed considering the proportion of concrete and formal thinkers as measured w:th the Longeot test found in a high -status highschoo: of Madrid.
Persistencia de errores conceptuales en el estudio del equilibrio químico
Authors: Furió-Mas Carles , Ortiz Elena
Published: June 2021

This paper exposes the existence of certain conceptual errors in the study of chemical equilibrium, lack of differentiation between full chemical reaction and equilibrium compartimentation of equilibrium,.., and, in particular, the strong persistance of the error of mass -concentration oí substances. For it, examples were taken from two different groups: Pre -University course students and teachers students.
SensoryX ’21 Workshop on Multisensory Experiences at ACM IMX ’21
Authors: Covaci Alexandra , Saleme Estêvão Bissoli , Ghinea Gheorghita
Published: June 2021

Multisensory experiences have been increasingly undertaken in the digital world. With the emerging interest in immersive applications (i.e. 360 videos and virtual reality), more and more researchers and practitioners are in pursuit of ways to take these experiences to the next level, adding sensations that go beyond that of seeing and hearing. This one-day workshop aims at identifying the current practices, challenges, opportunities, and limitations to be overcome in the quest to transcend the overwhelmingly bisensorial nature of digital multimedia into a multisensory one by fostering discussions on the use of olfactory, gustatory and tactile eﬀects in digital experiences.
AMUSEVR: A Virtual Reality Authoring Environment for Immersive Mulsemedia Applications
Authors: De Farias Flavio Miranda , De Mattos Douglas Paulo , Muchaluat-Saade Débora C.
Published: June 2021

To meet the demand for mulsemedia (multiple sensorial media) content production, numerous tools exist, among which many present the currently typical approach providing 2D content organized in timelines. However, when it comes to 360° content where 3D spatial positioning is necessary, neither consensus on authoring methodology nor widely-adopted approaches to design exist. In order to fulfll this gap, we propose AMUSEVR, a virtual-reality environment for mulsemedia application development. In addition to supporting various media and sensory eﬀect types, AMUSEVR allows authors to create and visualize content dynamically using VR technology. We evaluated AMUSEVR with an authoring experiment with users, using UEQ questionnaires, and obtained promising results.
The reproduction of educational elites through natural cultivation. A qualitative analysis of educational child-rearing practices as strategies of cultural distinction
Authors: Sawert Tim
Published: June 2021

During the last decades, the socially inclusive educational expansion diluted the previous exclusiveness of upper secondary degrees. Unlike the UK, the USA, or France, no explicit “elite” institutions do exist in the German educational system. Nevertheless, educational inequality is no less pronounced. Hence, what child-rearing practices do educationally privileged families in Germany apply to intergenerationally transfer their social privilege in times of educational expansion? The article focusses on one such practice: the acquisition of humanist knowledge by learning Latin and Ancient Greek as a strategy of cultural distinction. To analyse educational strategies and whether people draw lines of distinction along knowledge in Latin and Ancient Greek, I conducted semi-structured interviews with parents of adolescents who had chosen different foreign language profiles. I show how the acquisition of this specific symbolic capital is embedded in a child-rearing practice aimed at obtaining horizontal educational distinction for a privileged academic class. Additionally, I show that the highly privileged status of particularly established academic families results in a child-rearing practice that I call natural cultivation, a more invisible strategy of distinctive child-rearing that appears almost passive compared to those already discussed more widely (e.g. Lareau 2003).
Äquivalente Reziprozität oder Vorteilsuche? Empirische Befunde im Taking-Spiel bei 14-16-jährigen Mittelschüler(inne)n und Gymnasiast(inn)en
Authors: Schmidt Jürgen , Nicoletti Tina
Published: June 2021

Die Studie prüft bei 14-16-jährigen Schüler(inne)n mittels Taking-Spiel experimentell, in welchem Ausmaß nichtstrategisch reziprokes Verhalten zu beobachten ist. Dabei wird auch die Verwendung des Begriffs „altruistische Reziprozität“ in der Fairnessforschung problematisiert. Die zentralen Fragen unserer Studie sind im Einzelnen: (1) Weshalb ist der Begriff „altruistische Reziprozität“ zur Bezeichnung nichtstrategisch bedingter Kooperation missverständlich? (2) Welche Mechanismen können nichtstrategisch reziprokes Handeln bewirken? (3) In welchem Ausmaß teilen jugendliche Schüler(innen) im Alter von 14-16 Jahren? (4) Geben Gymnasiast(inn)en beim Teilen ceteris paribus mehr zurück als Mittelschüler(innen)? (5) Handeln jugendliche Schüler(innen) überwiegend in Übereinstimmung mit der Reziprozitätsnorm von Alvin Gouldner (1960)? (6) Führen Abweichungen von der paritätischen Gesamtaufteilung in symmetrischer Weise zu einer Nutzeneinbuße wie es das ERC-Modell (Bolton/Ockenfels 2000) in der Nutzenfunktion unterstellt? Unsere Ergebnisse erbringen negative empirische Evidenz für äquivalent reziprokes Teilungsverhalten. Knapp 30% der Versuchspersonen handeln nicht einmal in Übereinstimmung mit den Minimalvoraussetzungen der Reziprozitätsnorm von Gouldner. Dennoch liegt im Mittel eine gewisse inferiore Reziprozitätsorientierung der untersuchten Personen vor. Auch die ERC-Theorie erfährt bezüglich der Symmetrie der Nutzeneinbußen bei Abweichungen von der Gleichverteilung negative Evidenz.
Internationale Historische Soziologie und historische Sozialwissenschaft in den deutschen und anglo-amerikanischen IB
Authors: Hoppe Sebastian
Published: June 2021

Die in der anglophonen Welt seit mehr als 30 Jahren geführte Diskussion um den Beitrag der Historischen Soziologie (HS) zur Analyse internationaler Politik wurde in den deutschen Internationalen Beziehungen (IB) mit wenigen Ausnahmen bisher nicht rezipiert. Der Beitrag nimmt dieses Desiderat zum Anlass, um zunächst zentrale Diskussionspunkte des Forschungsfeldes der Internationalen Historischen Soziologie (IHS) zu skizzieren. Darauf aufbauend werden bisher unreflektierte Verknüpfungen zur älteren, historischen Sozialwissenschaft (1960er-80er Jahre) sowie zur neo-weberianischen Tradition der Historischen Soziologie (seit den 1990er Jahren) in den deutschen IB rekapituliert. Es wird argumentiert, dass die substanziellen Forschungsbeiträge der IHS reflexionswürdiges Potential insbesondere für eine kritische Methodologie der Außenpolitikforschung bereithalten. Der Beitrag plädiert dafür, Außenpolitik als historische Prozesskategorie zu begreifen und skizziert schließlich die methodologischen Register einer Historischen Soziologie internationaler Politik, die einen dezidierten Fokus auf konfliktive Sozialbeziehungen und die Historizität regionaler und globaler Ordnungen legt.
The Potential of Native Plants for Phytoextraction in Phytoremediation of Lead and Nickel from the Soil of Mohammadabad Qazvin Landfill
Authors: Khoramipour Sanaz
Published: June 2021

Background: Heavy metals are dangerous environmental pollutants that cause health hazards to humans, plants, and other living organisms by entering the food chain. Objectives: This research was carried out around Mohammadabad Qazvin landfill with the aim of measuring the concentration of lead and nickel metals in three plant species, including Artemisia sieberi, Salsola orientalis, and Halimocnemis pilifera, as well as the soil of the region. Methods: In order to study three plots of 50 × 50 meters with distances of 500 meters from each other in the direction of the prevailing wind in the area, sampling of soil, roots, and aerial organs of plant species was performed. After preparing the samples, the concentrations of lead and nickel metals were measured using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Results: The results showed that the soil of the three plots did not differ significantly in terms of the concentrations of lead and nickel. Also, there was no significant difference between the aerial organs and roots of the studied species in terms of the concentration of these elements. This difference was statistically significant only in H. pilifera in terms of nickel concentration at the level of 5%. Conclusions: Considering the factors of accumulation and transportation of lead and nickel metals in the studied plants, it can be suggested that H. pilifera and A. sieberi species are suitable for remediation of lead metal from contaminated soils, while none of these species are suitable for nickel phytoremediation.
The Crisis of the Humanities and the Viability of Direct Action
Authors: Eckstrand Nathan ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2021

Humanities advocates focus on demonstrating the humanities’ value to encourage participation. This advocacy is largely done through institutional means, and rarely taken directly to the public. This article argues that by reframing the theory of Direct Action, humanities advocates can effectively engage the public. The article begins by exploring three different understandings of the humanities: that they develop good citizenship, that they develop understanding, and that they develop critical thought. The article then discusses what Direct Action is and how it works. The article concludes by describing how to reframe Direct Action to suit the needs of the humanities, including potential actions that will achieve those ends. Humanities Direct Action must be seen as a debate and will focus on increasing critical thinking.
Fast Facts
Authors: Pattillo Gary
Published: June 2021

Fact checkingStreaming musicRemedial postsecondary educationUndergraduate enrollmentGlobal Internet usersStranded college credits