bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancing the development of railway transport with the help of digital technologies
Authors: Kosarev Alexander Borisovich , Rimskaya Olga Nikolaevna , Anokhov Igor V.
Published: December 2021

Background: The object of the study is regional and global cargo transportation. In order for cargo transportation to link the national economy into a single whole, and also allow it to realize its export opportunities, the level of organization of railway transport should be significantly higher than that of other market participants (primarily shippers and consignees).
Aim: to study the prospects for increasing the role of railway transport with the help of digital technologies.
Methods: To model the role of railway transport at the national and global levels, the article uses the concept of general organizational science by A. A. Bogdanov (Tectology). The Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) is used to model the role of railway transport at the micro level.
Results: Railway transport is considered as a system consisting of subsystems: "working body", "transmission", "engine" and "computer". Each of these subsystems corresponds to separate divisions of railway transport. Digitalization involves the transfer from a person to automated systems, first of all, the functions of such a subsystem as a "working body", which functions according to the same algorithm and, therefore, is extremely routine. This simplifies and makes more predictable the production activities of the relevant departments of railway transport, which in turn creates the opportunity to increase the complexity of other subsystems.
Conclusion: Railway transport was originally created as a complex macro system based on the most advanced technologies and significantly ahead of other industries in its development. Because of this, he was able to dramatically increase the level of complexity of the territories that he reached. However, today railway transport is experiencing increasing competition from other modes of transport, and therefore qualitatively new measures are required from railway transport to ensure advanced development. To do this, it is proposed to apply digitalization to the process of physical movement of goods as a whole: from fixing the need for transportation from shippers to delivering goods directly to the production sites of consignees. In this case, the main competitive advantage of railway transport becomes the "computer".
Bolide Energetics and Infrasound Propagation: Exploring the 18 December 2018 Bering Sea Event to Identify Limitations of Empirical and Numerical Models
Authors: Arrowsmith Stephen , Negraru Petru , Johnson Greg
Published: December 2021

Infrasound observations are an important tool in assessing the energetics of bolides and can help quantify the flux of meteoroids through Earth’s atmosphere. Bolides are also important atmospheric sources for assessing long-range infrasound propagation models and can be used as benchmark events for validating the International Monitoring System (IMS) infrasound network, which is designed to detect nuclear tests in the atmosphere. This article exploits unique infrasound observations from a large bolide recorded on IMS infrasound arrays and high-density infrasound deployments in the United States to assess limitations in infrasound source scaling relationships. The observations provide an unprecedented sampling of infrasound propagation along a transect at an azimuth of 60° from the source to a distance of ∼8000 km. Widely used empirical laws for assessing bolide energetics and state-of-the-art numerical models for simulating infrasound propagation are assessed to quantify important discrepancies with the observations. In particular, empirical laws for equivalent yield, which are based on signal period and are assumed to be relatively unaffected by propagation effects, can be heavily contaminated by site noise. In addition, by modeling infrasound propagation over a range of ∼8000 km, we show that state-of-the-art models do not reproduce the observed amplitude decay over this long range (which decays by a rate of at least 2 higher than can be modeled).
Digital Asset Management in the Communication of Product Promotional Activities
Authors: Chimakurthi Venkata Naga Satya Surendra
Published: December 2021

Digital asset management (DAM) is utilized in various scenarios and for a variety of technological goals. This study investigates the implications of digital asset management systems on product promotion, advertising, and marketing, as this is a new application area for the technology in question. When it comes to handling electronic content, digital asset management (DAM) is utilized in various scenarios for a variety of technological goals. A conceptual framework for describing promotional processes in the worlds of information technology and promotional communication logistics is presented in this paper. It is explained in the study how a coherent DAM system helps to advertise agencies to execute more work with fewer employees by providing speed to market, productivity savings, enhanced agency, and client revenues, secure client branding. Readers will learn how to deal with fundamental challenges such as file-naming criteria, load balancing, and maintaining cultural buy-in inside the organization from reading this article. Grounded on the findings of the review of related literature, the potential benefits of digital asset management in this context are discussed. An explanatory study is used to scrutinize the anticipated advantages. The description of marketing supply networks yields fresh insights into managing supply chain operations.
Avaliação da aprendizagem no contexto da pandemia: concepções e práticas docentes
Authors: Ramos Roberto Carlos , Sarmento Dirléia Fanfa , Menegat Jardelino
Published: December 2021

O artigo focaliza as concepções e as práticas de professores sobre a avaliação da aprendizagem no contexto da pandemia de covid-19. Participaram do estudo de caso 77 professores que atuam nos ensinos fundamental e médio de um colégio da rede privada. As respostas ao questionário, disponibilizado on-line por meio da ferramenta Google Forms, foram categorizadas com base na Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Os principais resultados do estudo são: a flexibilidade para se adaptar às demandas do ensino remoto, a mudança nas concepções docentes e a busca por estratégias diferenciadas de avaliação, a dificuldade da observação e do acompanhamento individual de cada estudante, o atraso ou não devolução de trabalhos avaliativos propostos e a necessidade de formação continuada.
Avaliação externa e gestão da educação infantil no município de Teresina, Piauí
Authors: Lima Carmen Lucia de Sousa , Silva Marcelo Soares Pereira da
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo analisa a relação entre a gestão da política de avaliação na educação infantil no município de Teresina, Piauí, e a lógica da meritocracia dessa política. O estudo recorreu à pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e, complementarmente, à utilização da entrevista semiestruturada para coleta de dados sobre a realidade investigada. A partir da compreensão de que a realidade local se articula e exige uma visão de totalidade, são discutidos os modelos de gestão na perspectiva gerencial, que orientam a reforma do Estado tanto em âmbito nacional quanto municipal em Teresina. Nesse contexto, reproduzem-se, também na gestão da educação infantil de Teresina, os modelos de gestão orientados pelo gerencialismo, a accountability e a Nova Gestão Pública.
Pesquisas sobre portfólios de avaliação na formação de professores
Authors: Antiqueira Liliane Silva de , Pereira Elaine Correa , Galiazzi Maria do Carmo
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta a análise da categoria “Portfólios de avaliação por professores” – resultante da Análise Textual Discursiva realizada a partir do mapeamento sobre o uso dos portfólios na formação de professores –, e tem como corpus 11 artigos científicos. O objetivo foi compreender o que se mostra nas pesquisas sobre o uso de portfólios de avaliação na formação de professores. Constatam-se conceituação de avaliação apenas nas pesquisas qualitativas, embora não havendo ocorrência em algumas delas. Descrevem-se as sínteses dos artigos e o exercício hermenêutico para a compreensão da avaliação formativa. Como resultado, destaca-se a necessidade de clareza conceitual sobre avaliação nas propostas de portfólios de avaliação.
Observational and cross-sectional study of prescription pattern in the pediatric out-patient department at a tertiary care center of Bihar
Authors: Singh Asha , Manohar Murli
Published: December 2021

Medical therapy is the most common form of health care provided to the patients. More the practice, more the error is substantiated by the fact that medication errors are probably the most common medical error. Detailed information on these errors is the first step to prevent these errors becoming a health hazard for the individual as well as the society.

To generate data on the extent of rational/irrational prescribing pattern, to review the prescribing practices.

An observational study with cross sectional design Prescriptions of the patients attending the pediatric OPD were reviewed to collect required data.

1200 prescriptions were reviewed that had 3384 drugs listed. The mean age was 8.3± 4.62 years with male> female. Weight of the patient was recorded in 82.8% of the prescriptions. The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.82. The range of drugs per encounter varied from zero to 5. Ailments like minor scratches or other non-organic problems were those where no drugs were prescribed. Around 50% of the drugs prescribed were in generic names. Syrups were most commonly prescribed followed by tablets and capsules. Injection use was very less. Antibiotics were widely used for treatment with 73.8% of the prescriptions had at least one antibiotic.

The findings of the current study highlight the continuing crisis of the irrational drug practice in this part of the country. This will help authorities to take necessary action and formulate guidelines on proper and rational drug prescription.
Two Stages Thermal and Catalytic Cracking of Polyethylene Terephthalate to Fuel Production
Authors: Almutalabi Shams N. , Alzuhairi Mohammed , Hashim Fadhil A.
Published: December 2021

PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is made up of polymerized repeating units of the ethylene terephthalate monomer (C10H8O4). PET is a recyclable plastic with the number 1 as its identification code. PET, which has a molecular weight of 192 gm/mole and contains 62.5 percent carbon, 33.3 percent oxygen, and 4.2 percent hydrogen, is utilized as synthetic fiber, polyester, plastic packaging, and soft drink containers all over the world. The main purpose of this study is to convert PET waste into liquid hydrocarbon fuel. Because PET use has risen significantly over the world, and the bulk of garbage is thrown into the soil rather than recycled, posing an environmental risk. During the heat breakdown phase, PET decomposes. It creates very strong and solid non-biodegradable terephthalic acid and benzoic acid complexes. To obtain liquid hydrocarbon fuel from PET, at 250-300℃, calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 is used as a catalyst in this study.
Koncentracja jako metoda wyniszczenia (Ravensbrück)
Authors: Czarnecka Barbara
Published: December 2021

Artykuł Koncentracja jako metoda wyniszczenia (Ravensbrück) wychodzi od frazeologizmu ‘obóz koncentracyjny’ i wskazuje na semantyczny brak symetrii jego członów, odzwierciedlający niedoważenie aspektu koncentracji w praktyce badania doświadczenia lagrowego i jego zapisów. Tekst opiera się na materiałach źródłowych (relacje więźniarek) dotyczącym FKL Ravensbrück i podejmuje problem koncentracji, jako metody ich eksterminacji. Prezentuje kobiece doświadczenie obozu przez przymusowe doznawanie cielesnej współobecności i różne tego aspekty: homogenizację społeczności, dewastację intymności, wpływ braku fizycznej przestrzeni na stany psychiczne i postawy, rozprzestrzenianie się brudu i chorób. Skrajna koncentracja mająca miejsce w Ravensbrück w 1944 i 1945 roku doprowadziła do ekstremalnego chaosu, w którym załamały się wszystkie, nawet lagrowe struktury.
W kleszczach lęku, w sidłach miłości. Emocje w studiach nad II wojną światową i popkulturą
Authors: Tomczok Marta
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest wstępne rozpoznanie możliwości teoretycznych i interpretacyjnych pojęcia emocji w odniesieniu do gatunkowej literatury popularnej o II wojnie światowej. Sięgając do koncepcji wspólnot emocjonalnych Barbary H. Rosenwein, autorka zarysowuje możliwości rozumienia eksplozji lęku i miłości we współczesnych romansach wojennych i powieściach grozy (Łuksza Henela, Joanny Jax, Mirosławy Karety, Stanisława Reńcy). Następnie porównuje je do oszczędnych opisów z prozy opublikowanej w latach 60. (Józefa Hena, Marka Hłaski). Z analizy wynika, że dominacja lęku i miłości we współczesnych narracjach nie jest jedynie konsekwencją sztywnego powtarzania wzorców czy urynkowienia afektów. Ujawnienie emocji może być skutecznym sposobem wypowiedzenia historii wypieranych z oficjalnego dyskursu o II wojnie światowej i stworzenia wokół nich dotąd nieistniejących wspólnot odbiorców.
Krytyczne pamięcioznawstwo a obowiązki polskie. W stronę pamięci wystarczająco dobrej (z inspiracji "Fałszerzami pieprzu" Moniki Sznajderman)
Authors: Kobielska Maria
Published: December 2021

Autorka analizuje książkę Moniki Sznajderman Fałszerze pieprzu. Historia rodzinna w perspektywie postpamięci, uwzględnia również elementy, o jakie ten projekt pamięciowo-literacki uzupełnia postpamięciow kanon. Interpretacja tego utworu i jego recepcji jest punktem wyjścia do rozważań nad strukturą polskiej kultury pamięci, ujmowaną w kategoriach różnorodnych zestawów zobowiązań do spełnienia, oraz nad możliwością ich modyfikowania. Zidentyfikowane zostają „obowiązki polskie”, na ogół rozumiane jako związane z autoafirmacyjnym wymiarem wspólnotowego pamiętania, oraz obowiązki „rozliczeniowe”, krytyczne bądź wynikające z dziedziczenia Zagłady; celem tekstu jest zarysowanie możliwości przeformułowania tak zakreślonej opozycji.
„Panienki”, „szwungi”, „fajfusy”, „laleczki”. O przemocy seksualnej wobec mężczyzn w obozach koncentracyjnych
Authors: Ostrowska Joanna
Published: December 2021

Artykuł stanowi próbę analizy homoseksualnych relacji barterowych w kompleksie obozowym Auschwitz-Birkenau-Monowitz. W polskiej pamięci zbiorowej pipel – służący więźniów funkcyjnych – funkcjonuje jako ofiara gwałtów w obozach, których sprawcami mieli być więźniowie homoseksualni. Przez lata błędnie łączono zjawisko relacji homoseksualnych w obozie (wszystkie kategorie więźniów) z osobną grupą skazanych na mocy paragrafu 175 StGB (podejrzenie o relacje homoseksualne). Z tego powodu mężczyzn, którzy trafili do obozu Auschwitz za tak zwany „sprzeczny z naturą nierząd” po pierwsze kryminalizowano, po drugie – usuwano z grona ofiar i uznawano za współsprawców. Ofiary przemocy seksualnej również pozostały anonimowe. Autorka stara się pokazać na jakieś zasadzie działają powojenne fantazmaty dotyczące przemocy seksualnej w stosunku do mężczyzn. Korzysta z nielicznych relacji ofiar, świadectw współwięźniów i źródeł literackich, które dotychczas nie były tłumaczone na język polski (Kacetnik).
"Patrząc na to, co się tutaj działo" (sztuka „ludowa” i dynamika polskiej pamięcio Zagładzie)
Authors: Sendyka Roma
Published: December 2021

Artykuł opiera się na wynikach badań polskiej „sztuki ludowej” odnoszącej się w okresie powojennym do wydarzeń Zagłady. Materiał zidentyfikowany w polskich zbiorach muzealnych, przedstawiony na wystawie „Widok zza bliska. Inne obrazy Zagłady (2018-2019)” traktowany jest jako zasób świadectw – zapisów pamięciowych, z których można wyprowadzać hipotezy co do procesów wykształcania i przekształcania się pamięci o wojennej przemocy w środowiskach pozaelitarnych. Trzy prace (Sławomira Kosiniaka, Zygmunta Skrętowicza, Jana Kowalczyka) są interpretowane jako przykłady różnych strategii odnoszenia się do trudnej przeszłości: w trybie dokumentalnym, metonimicznym i metaforycznym. Stosowanie zwłaszcza drugiej i trzeciej strategii wiąże się z wykorzystywaniem zadekretowanych, akceptowalnych społecznie i obecnych w obiegu obrazów w miejsce odpowiedzi mocniej zakorzenionych w osobistym doświadczeniu. Praktyki możliwe do zidentyfikowania w pracach twórców „ludowych” pozwalają więc przyjrzeć się z zbliżeniu sposobom pracy z trudnym dziedzictwem i reakcjom na zewnętrzne normy wizualnego dyskursu o Zagładzie.
Isolation and radiochemical purification of samarium isotopes using ion exchange resins АВ 17×8 AND KU-2
Authors:   National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Salmenbayev Sayan E. , Nurgaysinova Nazgul K. ,   National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Yessilkanov Gani M. ,   National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Temirzhanova Аray E. ,   National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Makarychev Sergey V. ,   Altai State Agrarian University
Published: December 2021

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to develop a methodological base for determining 151Sm content in the soil cover of radioactively contaminated territories of Kazakhstan. The developed method for the determining of 151Sm will make it possible to assess the levels of soil contamination with this radionuclide, to determine the character of its spatial distribution, to allow estimating the internal exposure doses for the personnel and the population. The aim of the research is to carry out the isolation and radiochemical purification of samarium isotopes from acid solutions via using ion-exchange resins AV 17×8 and KU-2. Objects: salt solutions based on nitric and hydrochloric acid containing the stable isotopes of some natural, artificial β-emitters and isotopes of U and Th. The concentrations of nitric and hydrochloric acids were equal to the concentrations of the same acids used in the routine analysis of Pu and Am. Concentrations of chemical elements were determined using the Agilent 7700x quadrupole mass spectrometer and the iCAP 6300 Duo atomic emission spectrometer. The results of the experiments on the isolation and radiochemical purification of samarium isotopes from acidic solutions using anion-exchange resin AV 17×8 and cation-exchange resin KU-2 have been presented. It has been shown that the Sm-fraction can be purified from alkaline elements, Tl and U isotopes using the KU-2 cation-exchange resin. In turn, the isotopes U, Fe and Co can be removed using an anion exchange resin in 9M HCl media.
The prospect of using Shewhart control charts in assessing the quality of ionometric measurements by the method of adding a sample to a standard
Authors:   Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Kirov Region, Shatunov Vladislav M. , Fokina Anna I. ,   Vyatka State University, Ashikhmina Tamara Ya. ,   Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

Modern methods of quantitative physical and chemical measurements should necessarily include procedures for quality control of research results. Recently, the procedure for quality control of measurements using control charts is gaining particular popularity in the practice of analytical measurements. To date, the methods of potentiometric studies operating in the territory of the Russian Federation, in most cases, do not include quality control using this control procedure. However, despite the complexity of the implementation and interpretation of its results, it is the use of control charts that allows you to control the quality of ionometric measurements. This is especially important for potentiometric determinations based on the addition method, since the instability of the slope of the electrode function and its deviation significantly contribute to the uncertainty of the measurement results. This article presents the main results of evaluating the use of the Shewhart control chart method for monitoring the repeatability and accuracy of measurement results. The measurement results have been obtained using an improved method of quantitative potentiometric determination of high concentrations (more than 1 gm/cdm) of ammonium ions by the method of adding a sample to the standard. In addition, an experimental substantiation of the fact that the value of the slope of the electrode function significantly affects the accuracy of measurements by the addition method has been presented. It has been revealed that when the angular coefficient of the electrode function is more than 62 mV/pNH4+ at (25±5)°C, deviations of the measurement results from the control standard by more than 50% are observed. It has been found that at (25±5)°С the most accurate results of quantitative determination are achieved when the angular coefficient of the electrode function is from 54 mV/pNH4+ to 62 mV/pNH4+ inclusive.
Study of the relationship between geometric isomerism and biologically active properties of compounds
Authors:   Institute of Petrochemical Processes of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Gasanov Arif G. , Ayyubov Ilgar G. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Hajiyeva Gulsum E. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Qurbanova Fidan S. ,   Institute of Petrochemical Processes of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan
Published: December 2021

The results of the research in the field of studying the relationship of the geometric structure of organic compounds with their biological activity are presented. It has been shown that the stereospecific structure of organic and inorganic molecules can have a direct effect on the biologically active properties of substances. Among the known types of stereoisomerism (geometric and optical), this work summarizes the effect of various types of geometric isomerism on the bioactivity of compounds. In addition, the results of the authors’ own research are presented. In particular, the results of studying the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of hydroxyalkyl monoesters of norbornedicarboxylic acid depending on their stereoisomeric forms in relation to various pathogenic microorganisms are shown. The studies were carried out by the serial dilution method. As nutrient media, we used MPA pH 7,2–7,4 for bacteria and Sabouraud’s medium for fungi. The incubation time in a thermostat for bacteria was 18–24 hours at 37ºC, for fungi 1–10 days at 28ºC. It has been noted that the endo-isomers of the synthesized compounds have a higher antimicrobial and antifungal activity against grampositive (Staphylococcus aureus), gramnegative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, as well as yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida. Based on the obtained test reports, the synthesized compounds have been recommended for use as local antiseptic preparations.
Economic and biological characteristics of the biotypical composition of spring wheat varieties
Authors:   Voronezh Federal Agrarian Research Center named after V. V. Dokuchaev, Brailova Irina S. , Yurieva Natalya I. ,   Voronezh Federal Agrarian Research Center named after V. V. Dokuchaev, Belousova Yulia V. ,   Voronezh Federal Agrarian Research Center named after V. V. Dokuchaev
Published: December 2021

The aim of this work is to study the component composition and intravarietal polymorphism of storage proteins of three soft and one hard varieties of spring wheat and their relationship with a complex of economically valuable traits. The studies were carried out in 2018–2020 by the department of genetics and immunity at the institute, in the conditions of the southeast of the Central Black Earth Region. In the course of the work, the identification of gliadin biotypes was carried out by electrophoresis in 6.5% polyacrylamide gel, the results of which revealed that the genome of the studied varieties contains: Chernozemnouralskaya 2 (5 biotypes), Voronezh 18 (5 biotypes), Voronezh 20 (4 biotypes) and a solid variety Voronezhskaya 13 (1 biotype). The selected biotypes were propagated for 3 years, analyzed and evaluated according to the indicators of the structural analysis of the elements of productivity and quality. Based on this, their economic and biological characteristics were given. It was found that biotypes 3 and 4 of the Chernozemnouralskaya variety 2, biotypes 1 and 2 of the Voronezhskaya 18 variety, biotypes 1 and 2 of the Voronezhskaya 20 variety proved to be the most productive relative to the standard during the study period. As for the quality indicators, as a result of the research the difference in quality of gliadin biotypes was revealed, which is important to take into account in breeding work to increase genetic diversity when creating high-quality varieties. The ones with the best quality were: biotype 1 of the Chernozemnouralskaya variety 2, biotypes 2 and 3 of the Voronezhskaya 18 variety. The best biotypes, distinguished by a complex of economically valuable traits, which differ from the initial variety, can be used in further breeding work for the accelerated creation of highly productive and high-quality spring wheat varieties.
The concept of creativity in the problem field of modern social philosophy
Authors:   Saratov State University, Lobanova Ekaterina S.
Published: December 2021

This paper speaks of the growing interest in the category of creativity among the scientific community of interdisciplinary discourse, and the place of creativity among philosophical disciplines. Creativity as a property of the social environment is characteristic of the type of society in which traditions have not managed to become a universal form of behavior, prompting the subjects of society to permanently reflect on habitual patterns of behavior, the production of unique forms, and the original synthesis of previously known ideas and social practices. Being an integral property of the social and cultural environment as a whole, creativity ultimately reveals a person’s desire for novelty and marks the beginning of the digital revolution. The development of creativity due to explicitly specified external conditions contributes to its identification not only in a certain scientific environment, but also in the whole society, within which the creative class functions. Within the framework of the socio-philosophical context, the category of creativity reveals its potential based on the axiological approach. Tracing the rejection of the values of traditional society, the new values are those that contribute to the self-expression of a person, expanding the boundaries of his or her self-actualization.
St. John’s theorem
Authors:   Saratov State University, Mozzhilin Sergey I.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the spiritual-mystical components underlying speech, language and self-consciousness of a person. The research is carried out on the basis of an interdisciplinary scientific approach. The main attention is focused on the prologue of St. John, considered as a scientific theorem that paves the way for solving the problem of the existence of language and human self-consciousness. The methodological basis of the study is the author's concept of the formation of a sign-symbol of a mystical, disembodied being – a spirit, which formed the basis of a face symbol, in the phylogeny of humanity, as a consequence of mental mechanisms of transfer and replacement. This concept is used for the first time in the aspect of comprehending the prologue of St. John, which is the novelty of the study. The work logically substantiates the impossibility of the existence of the human word, and at the same time of abstract thinking and self-consciousness, without the psychic reality of an incorporeal, mystical controller and verbal designer of thought – namely, the spirit that prompts the subject to incessant acts of identification with him. At the same time, the logic of the study allows us to draw a conclusion about the scientific truth of the prologue of St. John, with regard to the beginning of human language and self-consciousness. Also, as a conclusion, the author emphasizes the key importance of a religious belief in a mystical ruler for the realization of the existence of language and self-consciousness of a person.
Study of religious traditions as a factor in ensuring the secular nature of culture and education
Authors:   Saratov State University, Orlov Mikhail O.
Published: December 2021

This paper examines the dialogue and mutual influence of secular and religious culture in the system of secular education from two points of view: firstly, the influence of teaching knowledge about religion on the implementation of the secular nature of education and, secondly, the impact of the need to comply with state educational standards on the form of presentation of religious culture. The study assumes that religious thinking, culture, lifestyle are not something contrary to everyday rational thinking and scientific character, being in their high forms the carriers of self-discipline and ordering of human life. The long history of the dialogue between religion and science has led to the fact that today religion speaks with science in the same language of scientific concepts, and often religious organizations, paying attention to certain scientific and technical achievements, are a factor in increasing interest in science in the whole society. The processes of the expulsion of religious discourse from the public sphere that took place in the past led to the replacement of the authentic religious tradition, tuned in to dialogue with science, with forms of “low” religiosity, often of an obscurantist, fundamentalist and anti-scientific nature. And the forcible imposition of the «only true» secular ideology ultimately negatively affects the pace of scientific development.
Positive psychological counseling: Theoretical bases and methodological foundations
Authors:   Saratov State University, Frolova Svetlana V.
Published: December 2021

The paper gives grounds for designing a new creative model of positive psychological counseling that focuses on developmental and preventive objectives rather than on correctional ones. These developmental and preventive objectives include actualization and transformation of personality resources, optimization of productivity and full personality potential, and tackling them helps overcome normative difficulties, achieve important life goals, implement inmost values and increase subjective well-being. Post-modern paradigm beliefs in complementarity of scientific psychological knowledge and constructivism in the process of its production, ideas of positive approach in psychotherapy, findings in the field of positive psychology, provisions of system and subject approaches to the understanding of personality development, theory of psychological relationships of personality, conceptual ideas of meaningful feelings, regulatory function of secondary images, aspiration of a person to seek and accomplish their purpose in life, types of life orientations were used as theoretical bases and methodological foundations for designing the model of positive psychological counseling. The author describes the goals, objectives and methodological principles of positive psychological counseling: psychological positivity (as a subject’s ability to select and create the best of the real opportunities throughout their self-actualization and realization of the meaning of life), psychological transformation and psychosynthesis, eco-sensitivity and self-transcendence, development and creativity, purposefulness and resourcefulness, personal and phenomenological uniqueness, psychotechnical variability and plasticity, positive interaction.
Features of the psychological stability of the individual and the manifestation of the phenomenon of emotional burnout of employees of the penitentiary system in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Saratov State University, Yaroshenko Elena I.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to an empirical study of the socio-psychological aspects of the problem of emotional burnout and psychological stability of employees of penitentiary institutions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The relevance of studying the problem is due to the fact that the requirements for employees of the penal system have increased in connection with the spread of a new coronavirus infection and the workload on staff has increased due to the tightening of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for working conditions. The article reveals the difficulties faced by employees of the penitentiary system in their professional activities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this empirical study is to establish the current level of emotional burnout and emotional stability of employees of the penitentiary system in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the study of the emotional reactions of employees, indicators of anxiety and the level of emotional burnout of the personality are presented. It was found that the higher the status of the position held by the employees of the penitentiary system is, the greater is the significance of the symptoms of emotional burnout. Recommendations are offered for the psychological service and the commanding staff of the penal system in order to increase the indicators of the emotional stability of the penitentiary officers.
Tributación de las cooperativas de segundo grado en los regímenes común y foral
Authors: Aguilar Rubio Marina
Published: December 2021

El Sexto Principio Cooperativo establece que las cooperativas sirven mejor a sus socios y al propio movimiento cooperativo trabajando conjuntamente mediante estructuras locales, regionales, nacionales e internacionales. Esta «cooperación entre cooperativas» se ha manifestado habitualmente en la creación de cooperativas de segundo o ulterior grado. En este trabajo se analiza la fiscalidad de las cooperativas de segundo grado, centrándonos en las tres cuestiones que nos parecen fundamentales en este tema: los tributos que gravan la constitución de una cooperativa de segundo grado o la incorporación a una ya existente; el régimen fiscal que corresponde a una cooperativa de segundo grado según su calificación a estos efectos; y, por último, el tratamiento tributario de las operaciones de la cooperativa con socios y con terceros.

Recibido: 25. mayo 2021Aceptado: 16 septiembre 2021
La cooperación entre cooperativas: ¿principio o necesidad?
Authors: Cracogna Dante
Published: December 2021

El artículo comienza planteando el significado de «principio», tanto desde el punto de vista gramatical como filosófico, y lo relaciona con el sentido de necesidad analizado en sus sentidos lógico y moral para luego aplicar estos conceptos al ámbito de la doctrina cooperativa. Contra ese telón de fondo, a continuación formula un desarrollo específicamente concerniente al principio de cooperación entre cooperativas con diferentes enfoques. Comienza con un repaso histórico de las raíces de la integración cooperativa en las primeras manifestaciones del cooperativismo y continúa con la consideración de la cooperación entre cooperativas en el terreno de la doctrina cooperativa acerca de la cual realiza una sintética exposición de la evolución operada hasta la Declaración sobre la Identidad Cooperativa formulada por la Alianza Cooperativa Internacional en 1995. Los capítulos siguientes están dedicados a analizar la aplicación del principio en el marco de la economía contemporánea y los condicionamientos que la legislación impone a su vigencia dentro del marco de una economía altamente competitiva. Concluye el trabajo con una referencia al sentido de la integración como unión de las partes de un todo según las concepciones de distintos autores que llevan a considerar la síntesis de principio y necesidad.

Recibido: 10 febrero 2021Aceptado: 07 julio 2021
Rubella immunity in native Turkish and Syrian immigrant pregnant women between 2010-2018
Authors: YUCEL CELİK Ozge , AKSU Gönül , OBUT Mehmet , KELEŞ Ayşe , GÜLTEKİN ÇALIK Mine , DAĞDEVİREN Gülşah , SAHİN Dilek , YÜCEL Aykan
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The study has aimed to investigate the rubella immunity in native-Turkish and Syrian-immigrant pregnant women in Turkey.
Methods: Between September 2010 and December 2018, the hospital records of pregnant patients were evaluated retrospectively. For each year, for the number of patients who were screened for rubella IgG and/or IgM antibodies, IgG avidity (if any), and PCR tests (if any) were investigated, and subjects were categorized by nationality.
Results: During the study period, a total of 80,302 pregnant were tested with at least one of the rubella IgM or IgG antibodies. Of these, 22,962 pregnant women were screened for both IgG and IgM, 24,684 were screened for IgG, and 78,580 pregnant women were screened for IgM rubella antibodies. The seropositivity rate of IgG rubella antibodies in native and Syrian pregnant groups was 93.8% and 95.9%, respectively. In both groups, the IgM rubella antibodies were found as 0.5%. IgG avidity was investigated in 252 patients, whose test results were positive for IgM and IgG; and a low IgG avidity was detected in 5 native patients, while none was detected in the Syrian group.
Conclusions: In the Syrian immigrant group, the susceptibility to Rubella is low, and it does not differ from the native Turkish population.
Strong Stationary Duality and Algebraic Duality for Continuous Time Möbius Monotone Markov Chains
Authors:   Beijing Union University, Zhao Pan
Published: December 2021

Under the assumption of Möbius monotonicity, we develop the theory of strong stationary duality for continuous time Markov chains on the finite partially ordered state space, we also construct a nonexplosive algebraic duality for continuous time Markov chains on Finally, we present an application to the two-dimensional birth and death chain.
A Nonlinear System Related to Investment under Uncertainty Solved using the Fractional Pseudo-Newton Method
Authors:   UNAM, Torres-Hernandez A. , Brambila-Paz F. ,   UNAM, Brambila J. J. ,   Colegio de Postgraduados
Published: December 2021

A nonlinear algebraic equation system of two variables is numerically solved, which is derived from a nonlinear algebraic equation system of four variables, that corresponds to a mathematical model related to investment under conditions of uncertainty. The theory of investment under uncertainty scenarios proposes a model to determine when a producer must expand or close, depending on his income. The system mentioned above is solved using a fractional iterative method, valid for one and several variables, that uses the properties of fractional calculus, in particular the fact that the fractional derivatives of constants are not always zero, to find solutions of nonlinear systems.
Correlation between No-Slip and Slip Boundary Conditions Associated with A Two-Dimensional Navier-Stokes Flows in a Plane Diffuser
Authors:   Wenatchee Valley College, Ibragimov Ranis , Vatchev Vesselin ,   University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Published: December 2021

We examine the viscous effects of slip boundary conditions for the model describing two-dimensional Navier-Stokes flows in a plane diffuser. It is shown that the velocity profile is related to a half period shifted Weierstrass function with two parameters. This allows to approximate the explicit solution by a Taylor series expansion with two new micro- parameters, that can be measured in physical experiments. It is shown that the assumption for no-slip boundary conditions is stable in the sense that a small perturbation of the boundary values result in a small perturbation in the solutions.
Hom-Hyporeductive Triple Algebras
Authors:   Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Attan Sylvain , Gaparayi Donatien ,   Ecole Normale Supérieure (E. N. S.)
Published: December 2021

Hom-hyporeductive triple algebras are defined as a twisted generalization of hyporeductive triple algebras. Hom-hyporeductive triple algebras generalize right Hom-Lie-Yamaguti and right Hom-Bol algebras as the same way as hyporeductive triple algebras generalize right Lie-Yamaguti and right Bol algebras. It is shown that the category of Hom-hyporeductive triple algebras is closed under the process of taking nth derived binary-ternary Hom-algebras and by self-morphisms of binary-ternary algebras. Some examples of Hom-hyporeductive triple algebras are given.
An Evaluation of Music’s Adherence to Benford’s Law Throughout History
Authors:   Washington and Lee University, Nelson Sybil Prince , Wickman Brian ,   Washington and Lee University, Null Jack ,   Washington and Lee University, Gazin Eric ,   Washington and Lee University
Published: December 2021

Western Music history can be divided into six major categories: Medieval, Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, Romantic, and Post-War. We analyzed a large collection of music from each time period and discovered a clear mathematical connection. Within each time period, we found that the note frequencies measured in hertz (Hz) and note durations are all Benford distributed. We also found that as music progressed through time, note lengths adhered closer and closer to the Benford distribution with the exception of the Post-War time period.
Improving Electrical Power Quality in Distribution Networks using a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) Controlled by an Adaptive Hysteresis Band
Authors:   Tishreen University, Mariam Marah , Kenjrawy Hassan
Published: December 2021

Recently the use of sensitive electronic devices has increased, and the quality of energy has become an important factor in electrical power systems, where disturbances occurring in the network (harmonics, swell, voltage sag, etc.) affect consumers and lead to technical-economic damages. One of the most prominent solutions to address energy quality problems is the UPQC (Unified Power Quality Conditioner). In this paper, the unified power quality conditioner used to improve the electrical power quality in the distribution networks was discussed, where the Park transformations are used to obtain the required reference signals, and also the use of adaptive hysteresis band to generate the electronic switch pulses in both serial and shunt switches, where the pulse width is determined by dependence on fuzzy logic. The studied system was validated by simulating different distortion cases and comparing the results when using the Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) to control the two switches. The results showed improvement in the electrical power quality through the use of an adaptive hysteresis band controller, and that appeared by reducing the total distortion factor (THD%), which resulted in improving the shape of both the voltage and current waveforms.
The Covid-19 Effect on Security Mortgage Valuation
Authors:   University of Naples “Federico II”, Lorenzo Giovanna Di , Politano Massimiliano ,   University of Naples “Federico II”
Published: December 2021

The reverse mortgage market has been expanding rapidly in developed economies in recent years. Reverse mortgages provide an alternative source of funding for retirement income and health care costs. We often hear the phrase “house rich and cash poor” to refer the increasing number of elderly persons who hold a substantial proportion of their assets in home equity. Reverse mortgage contracts involve a range of risks from the insurer’s perspective. When the outstanding balance exceeds the housing value before the loan is settled, the insurer suffers an exposure to crossover risk induced by three risk factors: interest rates, house prices, and mortality rates. In this context, Covid-19 has occurred and the insurer is faced with this additional source of risk. We analyse the combined impact of these risks on the pricing and the risk profile of reverse mortgage loans. We consider a CIR process for the evolution of the interest rate, a Black & Scholes model for the dynamics of house prices and the Gompertz model for the trend in mortality Our results show that the decrease in the mortality curve due to Covid exposes the insurer to higher risks once the shock is reabsorbed. The risk is higher the higher the age of entry. Only a significant reduction of the shock adjustment coefficient will return the situation to normality.
Inferences on A Normal Mean with an Auxiliary Variable
Authors:   Guilin University of Technology, Yu Jianqi
Published: December 2021

Inferential procedures for a normal mean with an auxiliary variable are developed. First, the maximum likelihood estimation of the mean and its distribution are derived. Second, an F statistic based on the maximum likelihood estimation is proposed, and the hypothesis testing and confidence estimation are outlined. Finally, to illustrate the advantage of using auxiliary variable, Monte Carlo simulations are performed. The results indicate that using auxiliary variable can improve the efficiency of inference.
Rolnictwo jako podstawa uprzemysłowienia i rozwoju gospodarczego. Wnioski wynikające z doświadczeń historycznych krajów rozwijających się w drugiej połowie XIX i pierwszej połowie XX wieku
Authors: Klimiuk Zbigniew
Published: December 2021

Specyficzną cechą większości krajów słabo rozwiniętych, określanych po II wojnie światowej jako Kraje Trzeciego Świata, była historycznie ich duża zależność od rolnictwa oraz wysoki odsetek ludności zatrudnionej w produkcji rolnej i hodowlanej. W krajach rozwiniętych natomiast (kraje Europy Zachodniej oraz kraje anglosaskie) udział rolnictwa w PNB był niewielki, a odsetek ludności zatrudnionej w rolnictwie kształtował się na stosunkowo niskim poziomie i wykazywał tendencję malejącą. Wyciągnięto z tego błędny wniosek, że wysiłek rozwojowy powinien zmierzać w kierunku uprzemysłowienia, niekiedy połączony z zaniedbywaniem rolnictwa. Wzrost efektywnego popytu na produkty przemysłowe ze strony rolnictwa stanowił jego istotny wkład do procesu uprzemysłowienia. We wczesnych fazach rozwoju gospodarczego przy przewadze ludności rolniczej brak było poza rolnictwem masowego rynku. Oznaczało to, iż powstający sektor przemysłowy musiał znajdować oparcie w popycie pochodzącym i kreowanym w rolnictwie. Im szybciej zatem rosła wydajność i dochody w tym dziale gospodarki oraz im szybciej rolnictwo przestawiło się na formy wymiany pieniężnej, tym były korzystniejsze warunki dla rozwoju rzemiosła, a później uprzemysłowienia. Ponadto wysoka stopa urodzeń i postęp techniczny w rolnictwie sprawiały, że pewna część siły roboczej na wsi stawała się z technologicznego punktu widzenia zbędna. Pomyślny rozwój rolnictwa połączony ze wzrostem dochodów rolników był możliwy tylko wówczas, gdy siła robocza została z niego odprowadzona i znalazła produkcyjne zatrudnienie w innych działach gospodarki. Na przełomie lat 50. i 60. XX w. również wzrost dochodów z eksportu produktów rolnych był powolny, co oznaczało, że kraje rozwijające się stanęły przed problemem ciasnoty rynków eksportowych i spadku cen w eksporcie. Niepokojącą cechą tych zmian był fakt, iż zastój w zakresie popytu i spadek cen wielu artykułów rolnych występował jednocześnie ze wzrostem dochodów realnych w krajach rozwiniętych, co pociągało za sobą zasadnicze zmiany w strukturze popytu.
Bułgarskie przepowiednie meteorologiczne związane z dniem św. Tryfona
Authors: Walczak-Mikołajczakowa Mariola
Published: December 2021

Autorka analizuje ludowe przepowiednie pogody wyekscerpowane z wydanego w roku 1900 tomu Народна метеорология (Ludowa meteorologia). Na podstawie ich analizy stwierdza, że chociaż w języku bułgarskim brakuje przysłów kalendarzowych, to w tradycji ludowej funkcjonowały przepowiednie pogody i przyszłych plonów związane z określonymi ważnymi datami kalendarza liturgicznego. Najważniejszą z tych dat jest 1 lutego – dzień św. Tryfona, patrona winnic i winiarzy. Artykuł zawiera omówienie tych właśnie prognoz.