bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Canarian Camel: A Traditional Dromedary Population
Authors: Schulz Ursula , Tupac-Yupanqui Isabel , Martínez Amparo , Méndez Susy , Delgado Juan Vicente , Gómez Mariano , Dunner Susana , Cañón Javier
Published: April 2010

The domestic camel (dromedary) is the most important livestock species in the Canary Islands and the most important autochthonous European camel population. After six centuries of a successful adaptation process to the particular environment of the Canary Islands, the abandonment of traditional agriculture has led this population to a major bottleneck. Along with a lack of foreign genetic interchanges, this could lead the population to the brink of extinction. Genetic analysis using 13 microsatellites showed the closest genetic proximity to the North African (Tindouf, Algeria) camel population and a certain degree of sub-division, with significant genetic differences among breeders. An important level of genetic differentiation among the different populations analyzed was found with a global FST value of 0.116.
Effects of Soil Oxygen Conditions and Soil pH on Remediation of DDT-contaminated Soil by Laccase from White Rot Fungi
Authors: Zhao Yuechun , Yi Xiaoyun
Published: April 2010

High residues of DDT in agricultural soils are of concern because they present serious threats to food security and human health. This article focuses on remediation of DDT-contaminated soil using laccase under different soil oxygen and soil pH conditions. The laboratory experiment results showed significant effects of soil oxygen conditions and soil pH on remediation of DDT-contaminated soil by laccase at the end of a 25-d incubation period. This study found the positive correlation between the concentration of oxygen in soil and the degradation of DDT by laccase. The residue of DDTs in soil under the atmosphere of oxygen decreased by 28.1% compared with the atmosphere of nitrogen at the end of the incubation with laccase. A similar pattern was observed in the remediation of DDT-contaminated soil by laccase under different flooding conditions, the higher the concentrations of oxygen in soil, the lower the residues of four DDT components and DDTs in soils. The residue of DDTs in the nonflooding soil declined by 16.7% compared to the flooded soil at the end of the incubation. The residues of DDTs in soils treated with laccase were lower in the pH range 2.5–4.5.
Optimal Filters with Multiple Packet Losses and its Application in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Liu Yonggui , Xu Bugong , Feng Linfang , Li Shanbin
Published: April 2010

This paper is concerned with the filtering problem for both discrete-time stochastic linear (DTSL) systems and discrete-time stochastic nonlinear (DTSN) systems. In DTSL systems, an linear optimal filter with multiple packet losses is designed based on the orthogonal principle analysis approach over unreliable wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and the experience result verifies feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed linear filter; in DTSN systems, an extended minimum variance filter with multiple packet losses is derived, and the filter is extended to the nonlinear case by the first order Taylor series approximation, which is successfully applied to unreliable WSNs. An application example is given and the corresponding simulation results show that, compared with extended Kalman filter (EKF), the proposed extended minimum variance filter is feasible and effective in WSNs.
Multiplexed Electrochemical Detection of Yersinia Pestis and Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B using an Antibody Microarray
Authors: Wojciechowski Jason , Danley David , Cooper John , Yazvenko Nina , Taitt Chris Rowe
Published: April 2010

The CombiMatrix antibody microarray is a versatile, sensitive detection platform based on the generation and transduction of electrochemical signals following antigen binding to surface antibodies. The sensor chip described herein is comprised of microelectrodes coupled to an adjacent bio-friendly matrix coated with antibodies to the biological pathogens Yersinia pestis and Bacillus anthracis, and the bacterial toxin staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Using this system, we were able to detect SEB and inactivated Y. pestis individually as well as in two-plex assays at concentrations as low as 5 pg/mL and 106 CFU/mL, respectively. We also introduce super avidin-biotin system (SABS) as a viable and effective means to enhance assay signal responses and lower detection limits. Together these technologies represent substantial advances in point-of-care and point-of-use detection applications.
Speedy Routing Recovery Protocol for Large Failure Tolerance in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Lee Joa-Hyoung , Jung In-Bum
Published: April 2010

Wireless sensor networks are expected to play an increasingly important role in data collection in hazardous areas. However, the physical fragility of a sensor node makes reliable routing in hazardous areas a challenging problem. Because several sensor nodes in a hazardous area could be damaged simultaneously, the network should be able to recover routing after node failures over large areas. Many routing protocols take single-node failure recovery into account, but it is difficult for these protocols to recover the routing after large-scale failures. In this paper, we propose a routing protocol, referred to as ARF (Adaptive routing protocol for fast Recovery from large-scale Failure), to recover a network quickly after failures over large areas. ARF detects failures by counting the packet losses from parent nodes, and upon failure detection, it decreases the routing interval to notify the neighbor nodes of the failure. Our experimental results indicate that ARF could provide recovery from large-area failures quickly with less packets and energy consumption than previous protocols.
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking and Nambu–Goldstone Bosons in Quantum Many-Body Systems
Authors: Brauner Tomáš
Published: April 2010

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a general principle that constitutes the underlying concept of a vast number of physical phenomena ranging from ferromagnetism and superconductivity in condensed matter physics to the Higgs mechanism in the standard model of elementary particles. I focus on manifestations of spontaneously broken symmetries in systems that are not Lorentz invariant, which include both nonrelativistic systems as well as relativistic systems at nonzero density, providing a self-contained review of the properties of spontaneously broken symmetries specific to such theories. Topics covered include: (i) Introduction to the mathematics of spontaneous symmetry breaking and the Goldstone theorem. (ii) Minimization of Higgs-type potentials for higher-dimensional representations. (iii) Counting rules for Nambu–Goldstone bosons and their dispersion relations. (iv) Construction of effective Lagrangians. Specific examples in both relativistic and nonrelativistic physics are worked out in detail.
Impact of Floods on Livelihoods and Vulnerability of Natural Resource Dependent Communities in Northern Ghana
Authors: Armah Frederick A. , Yawson David O. , Yengoh Genesis T. , Odoi Justice O. , Afrifa Ernest K. A.
Published: April 2010

Sub-Sahara Africa is considered to be most vulnerable to climate variability including flooding. The frequency and severity of floods in Northern Ghana over the last decade has increased considerably. Through qualitative modelling the paper explores the impact of floods on natural resource dependent communities in Northern Ghana. Simplified causal loop diagrams are used to conceptualise flood-induced coping strategies in the study area. The results indicate that some characteristics of the socio-cultural environment appear to mitigate risk and reduce vulnerability. In this context, the role of social networks in enhancing livelihood security is essential. The paper concludes that both in case of seasonal variations in agricultural output and floods, individuals that have effectively diversified their livelihoods, both occupationally and geographically, are less sensitive than individuals who mainly achieve entitlement to food via crop cultivation. However, diversification in this case, is effective only in the short term.
Evaluation of Six Risk Factors for the Development of Bacteremia in Children with Cancer and Febrile Neutropenia
Authors: Asturias Juan Enrique , Corral J. E. , Quezada J.
Published: April 2010

Febrile neutropenia is a well-known entity in children with cancer, being responsible for the high risk for infection that characterizes this population. For this reason, cancer patients are hospitalized so that they can receive prophylactic care. Risk factors have been used to classify patients at a high risk for developing bacteremia. The present study evaluates whether those risk factors (C-reactive protein, hypotension, leukemia as the cancer type, thrombocytopenia, recent chemotherapy, and acute malnutrition) apply to patients at the Unidad Nacional de Oncología Pediátrica. We evaluated 102 episodes in 88 patients, in whom risk factors and blood cultures were tested. We observed no statistical relationship between the six risk factors and bacteremia. There was also no relationship between bacteremia and the simultaneous presence of two, three, or more risk factors. A significant relationship of C-reactive protein and platelet count with other outcome factors was observed.
Sunitinib Causes Macrocytosis in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Price J. , Shaarbaf R. , Wood L.
Published: April 2010

Background: Sunitinib is approved for treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Based on a clinical observation that patients receiving sunitinib developed macrocytosis, we undertook a study to further define this observation. Methods: In a retrospective review of RCC patients treated at a single centre, data on treatment duration, hematology parameters, concomitant medications, vitamin B12 and folate levels, and thyroid function were recorded. Results: The 43 patients reviewed had received a median of 5 cycles of sunitinib. Overall, 21 patients (49%) developed macrocytosis after a median of 3 cycles. Of the 9 patients that received 2 or fewer cycles, none developed macrocytosis. Among patients with macrocytosis, 9 (43%) had anemia at the time macrocytosis was first documented. In patients who did not develop macrocytosis, 82% showed a trend of increasing mean corpuscular volume. Conclusions: Treatment with sunitinib in patients with rcc can cause macrocytosis. The frequency of macrocytosis increases with duration of treatment. The mechanism of sunitinib-associated macrocytosis remains to be elucidated.
Reply from Dr. Luis Souhami
Authors: Tokgöz Hüsnü , Erol Bulent
Published: April 2010

specimens might be helpful in current practice and can aid in decision-making [...]
Perspectives on Rituality and Ritual Practices in Slovenia
Authors: Fikfak Jurij
Published: April 2010

Avtor analizira nekatere najznačilnejše poglede na ritualnost in na ritualne prakse na Slovenskem v zadnjih dveh stoletjih, vse do petdesetih, šestdesetih let preteklega stoletja, ko se s šegami in navadami začne raziskovalno ukvarjati Niko Kuret in ko številne ritualne prakse dobijo nove vloge in pomene. Osrednja pozornost velja raziskovalcem ritualnega, njihovim usmeritvam, težiščem in argumentaciji. Gre za vprašanje, katere plasti prebivalstva so bile zajete v raziskavah in kateri poudarki so bili v teh raziskavah najpomembnejši.
***
This article analyzes some of the most characteristic perspectives on ritualism and ritual practices in Slovenia in the past two centuries up to fifties of the twentieth century, when Niko Kuret began with his research. Special focus is placed on researchers studying rituals and their orientations, focuses, and argumentation. It raises the question of which strata of the population were included in studies and which emphases in these studies were the most important.
Nuevos datos sobre los Ortópteros (Orthoptera, Saltatoria) del archipiélago del norte del Dodecaneso (Espóradas del sur, Grecia)
Authors: Papapavlou K. P.
Published: April 2010

Se presenta un catálogo de especies de Ortópteros recogidos durante 1997 en pequeñas islas aisladas del archipiélago del norte del Dodecaneso (Espóradas del sur, Grecia) También se incluye información sobre algunos aspectos taxonómicos y ecológicos de las especies recolectadas.
Una pieza más de un género puzzle: una nueva especie de Iberobathynella Schminke, 1973 (Syncarida, Bathynellacea, Parabathynellidae) en la Península Ibérica
Authors: Camacho A. I.
Published: April 2010

Se describe una nueva especie del género Iberobathynella (consta de 21 especies endémicas de la Península Ibérica) encontrada en la cueva más grande de España, Ojo Guareña (Burgos). La nueva especie pertenece al subgénero Iberobathynella (Espanobathynella) compuesto por 4 especies, contando ésta. Este subgénero sólo se había encontrado hasta la fecha en 2 áreas muy pequeñas de Asturias y Cantabria, y siempre en agua subterránea de cuevas. La nueva especie presenta una combinación de caracteres única: el pereiopodo 8 de la hembra tiene la cutícula rugosa (el resto de especies del subgénero la tiene lisa) y una sola fanera; tiene 7-8 espinas en la furca; el simpodio del urópodo consta de 10-12 espinas, tiene 4 sedas ciliadas en el exopodio y carece de sedas en el endopodio; el labro con 9 dientes principales en la hembra y 8 en el macho (número habitual en el género); la maxila tiene 1, 4 y 15 sedas, respectivamente, en sus 3 segmentos; la maxílula consta de 7 dientes en el segmento distal; la mandíbula tiene 7 dientes en la pars incisiva y entre 7 y 9 en la pars molaris, y la anténula tiene 7 segmentos.
Presencia del Coríxido neártico Trichocorixa verticalis verticalis (Fieber, 1851) (Heteroptera, Corixidae) en el Algarve (S Portugal)
Authors: Sala J. , Boix D.
Published: April 2010

Esta nota describe la presencia del coríxido neártico Trichocorixa verticalis verticalis en el sur de Portugal. Recientemente, esta especie ha sido citada por primera vez en Europa de ejemplares capturados en el sur de España. Esta especie, nativa de la costa atlántica americana, también ha sido citada en Nueva Caledonia y África del Sur, y se ha encontrado en mar abierto. Se conocen dos vías de introducción de esta especie: introducción involuntaria a través de peces exóticos y dispersión pasiva a través de corrientes marinas y fuertes tormentas. Se discuten las posibilidades de estas dos vías de introducción en Europa.
Diez retos para transformar la Taxonomía
Authors: Wheeler Q. D. , Valdecasas A. G.
Published: April 2010

La Taxonomía se encuentra en una encrucijada. Con un admirable pasado que ha permitido documentar y organizar un inmenso conocimiento sobre casi dos millones de especies, sin embargo, la tarea básica de describir la Biodiversidad sobre la Tierra está por hacer. Se examinan los factores que guían la elección de líneas de investigación en la ciencia y se propone a la comunidad taxonómica, diez retos que consideramos acelerarán su revitalización.
Nuevos datos sobre la taxonomía y la faunística de los coniopterígidos de Senegal (Insecta, Neuroptera, Coniopterygidae)
Authors: Monserrat V. J.
Published: April 2010

Se anotan nuevos datos sobre la taxonomía, biología, distribución y /o morfología de ocho especies de coniopterígidos recolectados en Senegal. Ninguna de ellas había sido citada en este país. Al igual que ocurre en el SO de la Península Arábiga, esta zona del Continente Africano (donde confluyen las Regiones Biogeográficas Afrotropical y Paleártica) es especialmente rica en especies, la mayoría son afrotropicales, pero también están presentes algunos elementos paleárticos y otros de amplia distribución circumsahariana. Se anota una marcada similitud faunística entre ambas zonas con elementos comunes que alcanzan las zonas septentrionales que al este y el oeste limitan la Región Afrotropical. Se proponen como nuevas sinonimias a: Aleuropteryx felix Meinander, 1977 = (Aleuropteryx teleki Sziráki, 1990 = Aleuropteryx transvaalensis Meinander, 1998), Aleuropteryx arabica Meinander, 1977 = (Aleuropteryx cruciata Sziráki, 1990), Coniocompsa silvestriana Enderlein, 1914 = (Coniocompsa arabica Sziráki, 1992 = Coniocompsa fimbrata Tjeder, 1957), Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) greenpeace Monserrat, 1995 = (Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) sclerotica Meinander, 1998), Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) triantennata Monserrat, 1995 = (Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) sestertia Meinander, 1998) y Nimboa marroquina Monserrat, 1985 = (Nimboa manselli Meinander, 1998) y se propone un nombre de reemplazo a: Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) conviventibus nom. nov. para Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) furcata Meinander, 1998 nec Coniopteryx (Scotoconiopteryx) furcata Meinander, 1983.
Catálogo de los Megachilidae del Mediterráneo occidental (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). I. Osmiini
Authors: Ornosa C. , Torres F. , Ortiz-Sánchez F. J.
Published: April 2010

El catálogo objeto de este trabajo es una primera entrega de una serie de tres que los autores han realizado sobre la familia Megachilidae en el área mediterránea occidental, como base de la revisión que se está llevando a cabo sobre los megaquílidos ibéricos. En esta ocasión, se trata de los componentes de la tribu Osmiini, formada por 10 géneros, 33 subgéneros y 243 especies, muchas de ellas diferenciadas en varias poblaciones subespecíficas, que hacen un total de 278 y asimismo se incluyen. De todos los taxones, además de la correspondiente discusión, si procede, se incluye su lista sinonímica y la distribución geográfica.
Hydrachnidia (Acari, Parasitengona) de la Comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Valdecasas A. G. , Camacho A. I.
Published: April 2010

Se incluye un listado de los ácaros acuáticos (Acari, Parasitengona, Hydrachnidia) de la Comunidad de Madrid, incluyendo localización geográfica y habitat.
Los Cléridos de la Comunidad de Madrid (Coleoptera, Cleridae)
Authors: Bahillo de la Puebla P. , López-Colón J. I.
Published: April 2010

A partir de los datos bibliográficos, la revisión de diversas colecciones de instituciones públicas y de abundante material remitido por distintos colegas, se realiza un estudio faunístico de los cléridos presentes en la Comunidad de Madrid. Para cada especie citada, se relaciona el material estudiado y se aportan datos referidos a su biología y distribución mundial y peninsular. En total, se citan 19 especies pertenecientes a 12 géneros.
Nuevos datos sobre morfología, distribucion y ecología de Mioscirtus wagneri (Kittary, 1859) (Orthoptera, Acrididae) en España: ¿es maghrebi una subespecie bien definida?
Authors: Cordero P. J. , Llorente V. , Aparicio J. M.
Published: April 2010

Estudiamos distintas poblaciones de Mioscirtus wagneri (Kittary, 1859), considerado como M. w. maghrebi por Fernandes (1968) en España, con algunas nuevas citas para la especie. Para dilucidar si el taxón maghrebi es consistente en nuestras poblaciones, realizamos un análisis morfométrico de 53 ejemplares considerando los mismos caracteres utilizados para establecer dicha subespecie, a citar: tamaño del cuerpo, relieve y forma del pronoto, longitud de la antena y forma del epifalo. El tamaño de los individuos de nuestras poblaciones no es intermedio entre las formas conocidas de M. w. wagneri y M. w. rogenhoferi Saussuare, 1888, como cabría esperar asumiendo la existencia de maghrebi. Nuestras poblaciones no se apartan del tamaño de wagneri e incluso encontramos las menores tallas descritas para este taxón. El relieve del pronoto, y en particular la presencia de un segundo surco, el anterior, es muy variable abarcando en una misma población fenotipos dispares utilizados anteriormente para separar las formas maghrebi y wagneri. Las diferencias entre el tamaño del cuerpo, el pronoto, la longitud de la antena y la forma del epifalo no nos parecen suficientes para asignar como maghrebi al conjunto de las poblaciones estudiadas y separarlas de la subespecie nominada wagneri. M.w. es una especie de requerimientos ecológicos muy restringidos. La hemos encontrado a orillas de lagunas hipersalinas y siempre dependiendo de Suaeda vera (Forsskål, 1791) Chenopodiacea que utiliza como refugio y alimento, en particular en suelos desnudos y salitrosos donde predominan manchas de esa planta. Su distribución regional es marcadamente discontinua y muy puntual, presentándose allí donde el hábitat le es propicio. Aunque el análisis es preliminar, encontramos una variabilidad morfométrica y una asociación del tamaño corporal con la localidad, y del tamaño corporal con la coloración de las alas posteriores en los machos. Debido a su distribución geográfica disjunta, localmente discontinua, y a la variabilidad morfométrica encontrada en sus poblaciones, creemos que M. w. es una especie interesante para investigar la posible subestructuración de sus poblaciones en las cuales es posible se reconozcan diversas formas o variedades ecológicas lo que merece mayor investigación.
Sobre la validez de Pachychila freyi Koch, 1944, P. denticollis Grimm, 1987 y las sinonimias del género introducidas por Viñolas & Cartagena (2005) en su Fauna de Tenebriónidos (Argania Editio) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Pimeliinae)
Authors: Ferrer J. , Bujalance J. L. , Castro Tovar A.
Published: April 2010

Pachychila freyi Koch, 1944 –confundida con Pachychila incrassata Rosenhauer, 1856–, y P. denticollis Grimm, 1987, son dos especies válidas de Almería, España, arbitrariamente puestas en sinonimia de Pachychila glabella (Herbst, 1799) y de P. germari Solier, 1835, respectivamente, por Viñolas & Cartagena (2005). Ambas son claramente diferentes de estas especies, y de todas las Pachychilas conocidas y descritas, por un gran número de caracteres morfológicos, ignorados por estos autores, que no han examinado los tipos. Además, “Pachychila germari Solier” (Viñolas & Cartagena, 2005), presenta considerables diferencias en su genitalia con Pachychila germari del norte de África, y en realidad se trata de Pachychila bifida Rosenhauer, 1856, otra especie válida de la fauna ibérica.
Composición, estructura y diversidad de la comunidad de Ácaros Mesostigmata de un hayedo natural (Fagus sylvatica) del sur de Europa
Authors: Moraza M. L.
Published: April 2010

Se estudia la composición específica de la comunidad de ácaros Mesostigmata en una hayedo (Fagus sylvatica L.) de Navarra (España, Sur de Europa). Se han identificado 653 ácaros procedentes de 12 muestras. Estos representan a 41 especies de 14 familias y las especies más abundantes son Paragamasus ponantinus Athias-Henriot, 1967; Vegaia nemorensis (C. L. Koch, 1839); Paragamasus rothamstedensis Bhattacharyya, 1963 y Rhodacarus coronatus Berlese, 1921. La mitad de la comunidad habita en el horizonte húmico del suelo. En este hayedo el valor de la diversidad de Shannon (H´ log2) es 4,42 y el de la equitabilidad (J´) 0,82.
Tachinidae (Diptera) del Parque Nacional de La Caldera de Taburiente en La Palma (Islas Canarias)
Authors: Tschorsnig H. P. , Domingo-Quero T. , Domingo-Quero T. , Alonso-Zarazaga M. A. , Alonso-Zarazaga M. A.
Published: April 2010

Se presentan datos de distribución, abundancia y fenología de Tachinidae (Diptera), obtenidos en el Parque Nacional de la Caldera de Taburiente en La Palma con trampa Malaise y trampa amarilla entre agosto de 1999 y julio de 2001. Han sido recolectadas 22 especies, todas ya conocidas en las Islas Canarias, pero dos especies (Gonia quadrisetosa y Phytomyptera vaccinii) son citas nuevas para La Palma. El presente artículo es un resultado del proyecto “Inventario y estudio de la fauna invertebrada del Parque Nacional de la Caldera de Taburiente”.
Una nueva especie afrotropical de Ormyrus Westwood, 1832 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Ormyridae)
Authors: Nieves-Aldrey J. L. , Hernández Nieves M. , Gómez J. F.
Published: April 2010

Se describe una nueva especie, Ormyrus fernandinus sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Ormyridae), de la isla de Bioko (Guinea Ecuatorial). La especie fue colectada con trampa Malaise por lo que se desconoce su biología. Se discuten los caracteres distintivos fundamentales de la nueva especie en relación a las especies de Ormyrus conocidas en la region Afrotropical, y sus relaciones filogenéticas.
Ácaros Fitoseidos de las islas Canarias (Acari, Phytoseiidae). II. Tenerife y La Gomera
Authors: Ferragut F. , Peña-Estévez M. A.
Published: April 2010

En muestreos realizados desde 1997 hasta 2002 se ha estudiado la fauna de ácaros fitoseidos (Acari, Phytoseiidae) asociada a plantas de ecosistemas naturales de las islas de Tenerife y La Gomera (Islas Canarias). Se han recolectado un total de 11 especies, siendo una de ellas citada por vez primera en las islas Canarias y seis de ellas citadas por primera vez en las islas de Tenerife y La Gomera. Euseius machadoi n. sp., recolectado en plantas leñosas de la laurisilva canaria, se propone como una nueva especie.
El género de miriápodos Cylindroiulus Verhoeff, 1894 en el noroeste de España y el norte de Portugal: Citas recientes y descripción de cuatro nuevas especies (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae)
Authors: Read H. J.
Published: April 2010

Recientes recolecciones de miriápodos del noroeste de España y norte de Portugal han permitido obtener 11 especies del género Cylindroiulus. Se describen cuatro nuevas especies (C. anglilectus, C. boreoibericus, C. gregoryi, C. ventanaea), tres nuevas citas para España –C. britannicus (Verhoeff, 1891), C. fenestratus Read, 1989, C. dahli Demange, 1970–, y dos especies son citadas por primera vez en la Península Ibérica, tras haber sido previamente descritas en islas atlánticas: C. truncorum (Silvestre, 1896) en Portugal y C. dahli en España. Se incluyen notas sobre relaciones de las especies nuevas con otras previamente descritas, incluidas algunas endémicas del archipiélago de Madeira. Se presenta una clave de especies de probable aparición en el noroeste de la Peninsula Iberica.
Una nueva especie del género Achondrostoma Robalo, Almada, Levy & Doadrio, 2007 (Actynopterigii, Cyprinidae) del oeste de España
Authors: Doadrio I. , Elvira B.
Published: April 2010

Se describe una nueva especie de pez de agua dulce, Achondrostoma salmantinum, anteriormente considerada como una población de Iberochondrostoma lemmingii, a partir de caracteres genéticos y morfológicos. La nueva especie vive en la cuenca del río Duero en los ríos Uces, Huebra y Águeda y sus afluentes en la provincia de Salamanca en el oeste de España. De acuerdo con los caracteres morfométricos y genéticos la especie se distingue de Iberochondrostoma lemmingii y de otras especies del género Achondrostoma por un pedúnculo caudal estrecho, larga longitud de la cabeza y de la distancia postorbital, pequeño número de escamas (9/10/44-53/4-6), pequeño número de branquispinas (15-22), frecuentemente 5-5 dientes faríngeos, cuatro loci isozimáticos diagnósticos (IDHP-2*, IDHP-3*, MDH-B* y PEP*) y un único alelo (MDH-A*95). La distribución de I. lemmingii se restringe ahora a las cuencas de los ríos Tajo, Guadiana, Odiel y Guadalquivir. Este nuevo ciprínido es considerado En Peligro (EN) de acuerdo a las categorías de la Lista Roja de la UICN.
Dos nuevas especies del género Typhlocharis Dieck, 1869 de Portugal y notas sobre especies relacionadas (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Serrano A. R. M. , Aguiar C. A. S.
Published: April 2010

Se describen dos nuevas especies de carábidos Anillini endogeos (Coleoptera: Carabidae) de Portugal, Typhlocharis rochapitei n. sp. y Typhlocharis crespoi n. sp., pertencientes a los grupos diecki y outereloi, respectivamente. Se destacan los caracteres que las definen y, en particular, la estructura de la genitalia masculina. Se discute la afinidad con las especies más relacionadas y además se aportan datos ecológicos. Por último, se incluyen claves de todas las especies conocidas del grupo diecki y de las especies del grupo outereloi conocidas en Portugal.
Contribución al conocimiento de los Loxosomatidae (Entoprocta) de las islas Chafarinas (Mar de Alborán, Mediterráneo occidental)
Authors: Sánchez-Tocino L. , Tierno de Figueroa J. M.
Published: April 2010

No disponible
Nuevo nombre y nueva cita del Cáucaso para una especie de Anachipteria Grandjean, 1932 (Acari, Oribatida, Achipteriidae)
Authors: Subías L. S.
Published: April 2010

No disponible
Claves de identificación para las especies ibéricas del género Coelioxys Latreille, 1809 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae)
Authors: Ortiz-Sánchez F. J. , Torres F. , Ornosa C.
Published: April 2010

El trabajo actual, dentro de la revisión que está en curso sobre la familia Megachilidae en la fauna ibérica, incluye las claves de identificación para las 20 especies del género Coelioxys Latreille, 1809 que, según el conocimiento actual, habitan en nuestra Península. Las claves se acompañan de dibujos ilustrativos que permiten su reconocimiento.
Acceptance on Mobile Learning via SMS: A Rasch Model Analysis
Authors: Ismail Issham , Mohammed Idrus Rozhan , Mohd Johari Siti Sarah
Published: April 2010

This study investigated whether mobile learning via Short Message Service (SMS-learning) is accepted by the students enrolled in the distance learning academic programme in the Universiti Sains Malaysia. This study explored the impact of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and usability of the system to their acceptability. The survey was constructed using a questionnaire consisting of statements regarding the participantsâ?? demographics, experiences in and perception of using mobile learning via SMS, involving 105 students from management and sciences disciplines. The Rasch Model Analysis was used for measurement correspond to a 5 point Likert. Results indicated that the usability of the system contributed to be effectiveness in assisting the students with their study. Respondents agree that SMS-learning is easy, effective and useful to help them study. However, the results found that there has been a problem in mobile learning that less interaction with lecturers. It implies that the acceptability of students to this mode on communication and interaction is highly endorsed.
Towards for Analyzing Alternatives of Interaction Design Based on Verbal Decision Analysis of User Experience
Authors: Mendes Marília Soares , Carvalho Ana Lisse , Furtado Elizabeth , Pinheiro Plácido Rogério
Published: April 2010

In domains (as digital TV, smart home, and tangible interfaces) that represent a new paradigm of interactivity, the decision of the most appropriate interaction design solution is a challenge. HCI researchers have promoted in their works the validation of design alternative solutions with users before producing the final solution. User experience with technology is a subject that has also gained ground in these works in order to analyze the appropriate solution(s). Following this concept, a study was accomplished under the objective of finding a better interaction solution for an application of mobile TV. Three executable applications of mobile TV prototypes were built. A Verbal Decision Analysis model was applied on the investigations for the favorite characteristics in each prototype based on the userâ??s experience and their intentions of use. This model led a performance of a qualitative analysis which objectified the design of a new prototype.
A Novel Concept of a Cartoon-Generator Application on a Mobile Phone
Authors: Stergar Janez , Šulić Andrija , Silva Bruno Rodrigues
Published: April 2010

In this work the development and deployment of a new concept of cartoon-generation on a mobile phone is presented. An interactive multimedia application was designed for a push-approach of sending short e-cartoons from a mobile phone to a central WEB server. The concept of a unique cartoon-generator will be discussed. The multimedia Authoring Environment Flash was used for the interactive application design and implementation. The architecture and the design process of the interactive cartoon-generator application will be presented including storyboarding with final testing of the application on a Nokia mobile phone.
APPLICATION OF GRAY SYSTEM THEORY IN MRI CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Wang Chuin-Mu , Lin Tsung-Hung , Chen Ruey-Maw , Yang Sheng-Chih
Published: April 2010

This article presents a new multispectral signature detection approach to magnetic resonance (MR) image classification. It is called the gray system theory (GST) method. In recent years, although GST has been used in various fields, applying the GST to medical images is very rare. The theoretical basis of GST is the gray hazy set; the main element is composed of an uncertain or abstract set and through a series of algorithms, the gray messages or phenomena are transformed into white ones. The concept of the theory is based on the information coverage, which establishes a new regular set based on source data and then the set is mapped to a 2D space. A series of experiments are conducted and compared to the commonly used fuzzy C-means (FCM) method, extension theory, and perceptron for performance evaluation. The results show that the GST method is a promising and effective spectral technique for MR image classification.
FEATURE SELECTION FOR IDENTIFYING PROTEIN-DISORDERED REGIONS
Authors: Hsu Hui-Huang , Hsieh Cheng-Wei
Published: April 2010

Determining the structure of a protein is not an easy task, which usually involved a time-consuming and costly process in the web lab. Using computational methods to predict a protein's tertiary structure from its primary structure (the amino acid sequence) is desirable. Disordered regions are segments of a protein that do not have a fixed conformation, which makes the structure prediction harder. Also, these disordered regions are functionally important for a protein. In this research, we would like to identify such regions with a focus on selecting a proper feature set. Three feature selection methods, namely F-score, information gain (IG), and k-medoids clustering, are used for feature selection. The support vector machine (SVM) is then used for classification. The results show that the classification accuracy can be raised with a smaller feature set. The k-medoids clustering feature selection can reduce the number of features from 440 to 150 and improve the accuracy from 84.66 to 86.81% in five-fold cross validation. It also has a more stable performance than F-score and IG.
AUTOMATED CLASSIFICATION OF BREAST CARCINOMA CELL BASED ON IMAGE PROCESSING AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE
Authors: Kuo Yung-Lung , Ko Chien-Chuan , Lin Yueh-Min , Chen Yong-Min
Published: April 2010

As breast cancer is a substantial threat to the lives of women, it has become a major health issue in the world over the past 50 years, and its incidence has increased in the recent years. Early diagnosis and suitable treatment is relatively important. In the process of breast screening, tissue biopsy is an important operation in determining the presence of breast cancer. It not only provides an accurate diagnosis of the disease but also determines the prognosis for breast cancer. The main goal of this study is to develop a breast cancer diagnosis system based on histopathology and a sequence of image-processing technologies to analyze H&E stained images of breast tissues. The proposed system can automatically detect the mitosis of nuclei and analyze the size and the shape of nuclei to evaluate the duct structure of the breast tissue. Moreover, it provides physicians quantitative prognosis and classification of tissue malignancy, which will improve the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency of the cancer.
Cytomorphologic consideration in malignant ascites with renal cell carcinoma: A report of two cases
Authors: Gupta Ruchika , Mathur Sandeep R. , Iyer Venkateswaran K. , Kumar A Sudheer , Seth Amlesh
Published: April 2010

Effusions, especially peritoneal, are seen in less than 2% of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Since the tumor cells in RCC are bland and nondescript, the involvement of serous effusions is difficult to diagnose. An accurate recognition of malignant effusion and differentiation from reactive mesothelial cells is imperative. A 55-year-old male presented with gradually progressive ascites. Cytospin preparations from ascitic fluid showed reactive mesothelial cells admixed with few smooth-contoured clusters of cells with moderate cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleolus. He had undergone nephrectomy for papillary RCC two years earlier. Another 36-year-old man underwent left nephrectomy for suspected RCC. Intra-operative ascitic fluid was sent for cytologic examination and showed numerous reactive mesothelial cells along with few clusters of cells with scant to moderate amount of cytoplasm, vesicular nucleus and a small nucleolus. Considering the histomorphology of the primary renal tumor in both cases, a cytologic diagnosis of malignant peritoneal effusion, morphologically compatible with RCC was rendered. RCC, due to its bland cytologic features, is easily overlooked in effusions. In a known patient, the cytopathologist must be extra vigilant to pick up the few cell clusters present in the fluid preparations and differentiate them from reactive mesothelial cells. A close inspection of the cytologic features and comparison with the histopathology of the primary tumor helps in making an accurate diagnosis.
Integrating a FISH imaging system into the cytology laboratory
Authors: Smith G. Denice , Riding Matt , Oswald Kim , Bentz Joel S.
Published: April 2010

We have implemented an interactive imaging system for the interpretation of UroVysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to improve throughput, productivity, quality control and diagnostic accuracy. We describe the Duet imaging system, our experiences with implementation, and outline the financial investment, space requirements, information technology needs, validation, and training of cytotechnologists needed to integrate such a system into a cytology laboratory. Before purchasing the imaging system, we evaluated and validated the instrument at our facility. Implementation required slide preparation changes, IT modifications, development of training programs, and revision of job descriptions for cytotechnologists. A darkened room was built to house the automated scanning station and microscope, as well as two imaging stations. IT changes included generation of storage for archival images on the LAN, addition of external hard drives for back-up, and changes to cable connections for communication between remote locations. Training programs for cytotechnologists, and pathologists/fellows/residents were developed, and cytotechnologists were integrated into multiple steps of the process. The imaging system has resulted in increased productivity for pathologists, concomitant with an expanded role of cytotechnologists in multiple critical steps, including FISH, scan setup, reclassification, and initial interpretation.
Modes of cell capture in calanoid copepods1
Authors: Price Holly J. , Paffenhöfer Gustav-Adolf , Strickler J. Rudi
Published: April 2010

High‐speed cinematography was used to observe adult female copepods feeding in pure cultures of roughly spherical algal cells ranging from 4.5 to 22.0 µm in diameter. Eucalanus pileatus and Paracalanus parvus detect and handle individual cells as small as 12 µm. Continuous low amplitude movement of the second maxillae and combing of the appendages is used by E. pileatus to capture cells smaller than the 12‐µm sensitivity threshold. Different energetic costs are probably associated with capturing small and large cells, and the probability of copepods encountering large cells should be greatly increased due to remote detection. The above suggests that descriptions of selective feeding in grazing trials using Coulter Counter data are influenced by the size above which the copepods can detect individual cells and by the proportions of the pregrazing particle spectrum larger and smaller than this threshold.
Seasonal variations in the concentrations of humic substances in a soft‐water lake1
Authors: Tipping E. , Woof C.
Published: April 2010

Concentrations of humic substances (HS) were measured in Esthwaite Water, England, a soft‐water lake with annual thermal stratification and deep‐water anoxia. Between June 1980 and December 1981 the concentrations of HS in the epilimnion ranged from about 1.5 mg · liter−1 in summer to about 3 mg · liter−1 in autumn. In the anoxic hypolimnion the concentration of HS increased during summer to maximum values of >3 mg · liter−1.
A method for determining exoproteolytic activity in natural waters
Authors: Somville Martine , Billen Gilles
Published: April 2010

A very sensitive method allowing determination of exoproteolytic activity in natural water is based on the use of aminoacyl‐β‐naphthylamide, which gives rise to a fluorescent product upon hydrolysis of its peptidelike bond by filtered or unfiltered water samples. Specificity of the method to exoproteases is demonstrated by a strong competitive inhibition effect of added proteins.

A good correlation is found between exoproteolytic activity and the rate of amino acid utilization by microheterotrophs in various aquatic environments.
Space‐time variability of nutrients in a lagoonal patch reef
Authors: Andrews John C. , Müller Hans
Published: April 2010

Nutrients (NO3−, NO2−, NH4+, PO43−) were measured in a lagoonal patch reef 10 m high with a reef flat 27 × 21 m. On one occasion the distributions of concentrations in cavities around the vertical face were measured over a tidal cycle. NO2− and NH4+ were undetectable but concentrations of NO3− and PO43− were high: ΔNO3− = 1.016 ± 0.634 µg‐atoms · liter−1, ΔPO43− = 0.034 ± 0.028 µg‐atoms · liter−1. On a second occasion nutrients were measured over 48 h in one cavity along with light intensity and external currents. Means and variances for ΔNO3− and ΔPO43− were again high, NH4+ was again undetectable, and ΔNO2− had risen to 0.032 ± 0.012 µg‐atoms · liter−1. Despite the wide fluctuations in nitrate, nitrite, and phosphate the gradient N:P ratio was constant near 20. Dye studies showed that internal currents percolate through the reef, creating positive and negative radial gradients of nutrients and causing the patterns of concentration and of gradients to oscillate over the reef face. The nutrient concentration variances are a largely deterministic result of flushing. Cross‐spectral analyses of nutrient levels with tidal currents and with light intensity show that fluctuations are not related to solar cycles but are related to tidal current and the square of the tidal current. Hence a bimodal oscillation in concentrations with frequencies of 2 and 4 cy·d−1 results. An analytical model of circulation in the reef substrate explains the frequency doubling to 4 cy · d−1, the oscillatory rotation of the patterns of nutrient concentration, and the behavior of the dye.
Temperature, heat, and mixing in Lake Valencia, Venezuela1
Authors: Lewis William M.
Published: April 2010

Water temperature profiles, weather data, and lake level data spanning a 2‐year period for Lake Valencia, Venezuela (10°N, 67°W), are used in an analysis of thermal regime, mixing, and heat flux. The lake, which has an area of 350 km2 and mean depth of 19 m, is warm monomictic; it becomes isothermal annually near the end of November, at the onset of the dry season. The water column during stratification consists of an upper mixed layer, which averages 13 m but varies greatly in thickness, followed by alternating thick layers of positive and negligible density gradients. The number of layers changes through time. Vertical eddy diffusivities during stratification vary from 0.23 cm2·s−1 at 20 m to 0.09 at 35 m. The mean annual heat budget is 5,308 cal · cm−2. Evaporative heat loss and net radiation flux are the two largest heat budget elements; net back radiation and sensible heat loss are important secondary terms. Seasonality is principally traceable to heat budget terms influenced by minimum air temperature, whereas week‐to‐week variation is influenced by other terms as well. Maximum stability of the water column is about 350 g‐cm · cm−2 with little variation between years. Work of the wind in distributing heat is 2,630 g‐cm·cm−2 for 1977 and 3,156 in 1978. Stability responds in a significant way to weather changes, even during stratification.
A method for recovering nanoplankton from filters for identification with the microscope: The filter‐transfer‐freeze (FTF) technique1
Authors: Hewes Christopher D. , Holm-Hansen Osmund
Published: April 2010

A method has been developed to concentrate nanoplankton in natural water samples for transfer to solid surfaces for light microscopy. Marine phytoplankton are used to demonstrate the convenience and ease of our filter‐transfer‐freeze (FTF) technique in recovering filtered material, which can be mounted and ready for examination within 30 min. Samples can be observed with standard or inverted microscopes using phase contrast, Nomarski interference, or other optical systems. The micro‐ and nanoplankton mounted on slides prepared by the FTF technique retain their cellular integrity and lifelike appearance.
Surface potential and film pressure measurements in seawater systems1
Authors: Van Vleet Edward S. , Williams Peter M.
Published: April 2010

Surface potential (ΔVs) and film pressure (γf) measurements of monolayers of standard compounds spread on organic carbon‐free seawater were compared to ΔVs and γf values for natural films. The results suggest that natural seawater films most resemble films composed of proteins, polysaccharides, humic‐type material, and waxes. They contain relatively small amounts of free fatty acids, free fatty alcohols, or triglycerides, but the presence of relatively small amounts of these can strongly affect the resultant surface potential and film pressure of multicomponent films. Films formed very rapidly initially and formation rates decreased with time. Nevertheless, the potential for generating new films in 72‐liter natural seawater samples did not markedly decrease with time. Surface films derived from marine phytoplankton cultures had ΔVs and γf properties similar to those of naturally occurring sea‐surface films. Cultures of marine bacteria contributed much less surface‐active material for film formation than did those of phytoplankton.
Factors influencing Diaptomus distributions: An experimental study in subtropical Florida1
Authors: Elmore J. L.
Published: April 2010

In central and southern Florida Diaptomus dorsalis is the sole diaptomid in most eutrophic lakes whereas Diaptomus floridanus and Diaptomus mississippiensis co‐occur in oligotrophic and mesotrophic lakes. The importance of food availability and water quality in determining the species distributions of Diaptomus was ascertained by culturing the three species in water from a lake of each type with its natural phytoplankton present and with the natural phytoplankton removed and Chlamydomonas added at a concentration above feeding saturation.

The experimental evidence indicated that neither food availability nor water quality is important in excluding D. floridanus and D. mississippiensis from the eutrophic lakes. Additional data suggested that strong predation pressure may prevent these two species from occupying lakes of this type. However, low food availability seemed of major importance in excluding D. dorsalis from the oligotrophic and mesotrophic lakes. Competition is likely because food levels are always limiting and a potential competitor is present in the form of D. floridanus—in the same subgenus and close to the same size. Additional evidence suggests that predation is probably of lesser importance to the zooplankton in lakes of these types.
C:N:P ratios of benthic marine plants1
Authors: Atkinson M. J. , Smith S. V.
Published: April 2010

The median C:N:P atomic ratio of benthic marine macroalgae and seagrasses is about 550:30:1. Benthic plants are much more depleted in P and less in N, relative to C, than phytoplankton. The amount of nutrients required to support a particular level of net production is much lower for benthic marine plants than it is for phytoplankton.