bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What I learned by doing craft when I got terminal cancer
Authors: Gulliksen Marte Sørebø
Published: September 2023

In this paper I use theory on craft and psychophysical wellbeing to extract insights on the value and meaning I found in woodcarving after being diagnosed with terminal brain cancer. I continued to carve wood throughout the entire diagnosis and treatment period. I was already an experienced woodcarver and had done extensive research on my own making processes. Both the making and research provided meaning and value for me in my ordeal. I discuss three lessons I learned: 1) Deliberate controlling of attention on the here and now worked as a coping mechanism, giving meaning and value to my situation; 2) Grounding myself in physical touch with a close connection to the material contributed to maintaining my positive identity as both maker and researcher, and acted as another coping resource; and 3) As I made the objects, I re-made myself. My intention to save and finish these artifacts, and the joy I experienced as I finished them, gave meaning and purpose to my situation. These lessons support previous findings on craft and wellbeing, contribute insider insights on the use of wood in art making during cancer treatment, and they could potentially inspire others facing dire straits to use crafting to cope.
Stitching Together (in) Anthropology Class
Authors: Arantes Lydia Maria
Published: September 2023

As an anthropologist teaching at a German-speaking Cultural Anthropology and European Ethnology Department (pertaining to a Humanities Faculty), it always struck me how much we know about the role embodiment plays in and for culture and how little we make use of this in teaching. For this reason, I decided to expand established Higher Education pedagogy by putting craft (as a) practice at the centre of my newly developed course entitled DIY in Times of Crisis and Beyond. As a result, my students and I developed our thinking through and while practising embroidery in class, weaving in the mandatory readings and narrations of (pandemic) crafting experiences along the way. Borrowing from the low-threshold approach to stitching in community-based creativity projects, our shared and mostly novice stitching facilitated the articulation of thoughts-in-progress, thus creating a space in which dominant views regarding social (craft) norms, quantifiable productivity as well as academic logocentrism could be temporarily suspended, giving way to embodied wisdom.
From not yet knowing to achieving directionality
Authors: Omwami Anniliina , Vega Luis , Mehto Varpu , Falin Priska , Seitamaa-Hakkarainen Pirita
Published: September 2023

This paper investigates the active role of materials in shaping ideation processes during interdisciplinary studio-based collaborations. Using ethnographic data collected from a graduate-level course conducted across multiple studio settings, we analysed how materiality facilitates interactions between students and studio instructors meeting for the first time when creative ideas are not yet fully formed and knowledge of unfamiliar materials is not yet embodied. The findings elucidate how certain materials are central to (1) demonstrating, (2) understanding, (3) sharing, (4) explaining, (5) generating and (6) challenging aspects related to ideation processes within such interactions. We conclude this work by emphasising the need for further research that focuses on material mediation in the context of student–instructor relationships.
Digital imaging to unveil traditional craft methods
Authors: Strömgren Teresia
Published: September 2023

To understand the creation and the function of a Flemish oil on panel, non-invasive technical investigations including UV, IRR, X-ray and µ-XRF have been used as a method to unveil its specific material features. The undated and unsigned panel has been attributed to The Master of the Female Half-Lengths possibly active during the early 16th Century, due to its stereotype motif, materials and dimensions. The analysis reveals that the panel has several damages due to natural and forced interventions. The painting process shows various inconsistencies, interpreted with the aid of literary sources as a product of a workshop adapted to producing art as a response to the great demand of Flemish panels from the blooming Early Dutch art market.
A ‘reverse’ academic drift?
Authors: Westerlund Stina
Published: September 2023

The prerequisites for formal training in Swedish educational Crafts have changed over time under the influence of two long-lasting societal processes: academisation and digitalisation. In different, yet interconnected ways, these processes of change are challenging the materiality, the making and the action-based knowledge that characterise educational Crafts. The paper presents how primary school teachers’ view the influence of  academisation and digitalisation in their work and explores the consequences that change processes hold for the teaching practice in Crafts. The study is based onqualitative interviews with Craft teachers whose graduation year was between 1983 and 2021. Theoretically, Craft is considered to be a living ecology in an educational system. In the analysis, academic drifton various levels is combined with media-ecology concepts to clarify the diffusion of academisation and digitalisation in both time and space. The findings show academic drift leading to increased text-based knowledge production on several levels, yet also an unexpected weakening of action-based knowledge in Crafts. Balancing student and staff drift is further shown to result in the avoidance of written text in favour of digital visual, oral and bodily mediations in the production of knowledge. The study’s overall results question an ongoing ‘reverse’ academic drift and what is at stake in the Crafts ecology’s efforts to achieve balance.
Exploring Open-Source 3D Printing as a Transformative Design Tool
Authors: McLaughlin Katrina
Published: September 2023

My practice explores how to transfer my design knowledge of embroidery and print into 3D printing technologies and software. My Doctoral practice-based research explores the rationale behind using open-source, low-cost 3D printing technologies and software, which enabled me to change, remix and use the 3D printer as a flexible design tool like a sewing machine. The research aims to investigate the digitalisation of traditional textile craft techniques to produce a new taxonomy of design applications. I have produced a collection of 3D-printed embellished textiles demonstrating my practice-based re­search's ongoing outcomes. By engaging with online communities and Open-Source Technologies, I have de­vel­oped the skills to apply my specialist knowledge to this alternative technology to translate and interpret traditional textile and manipulation techniques. The exhibition will showcase these outcomes and demonstrate the opportunities within the fashion, textiles and costume industries. The post-production processes engage with my specialist background knowledge of print and dye techniques.
Reconstructing the use of plumb level from a 19th century clinker boat tradition
Authors: Leijonhufvud Fredrik
Published: September 2023

Traditionally, vernacular Nordic clinker boats are built without plans or templates. The local boat tradi­tions all have a system of design that was handed over from master to apprentice. In some local traditions, a simple plumb level was used to guide the boatbuilder. The plumb level was placed on the planks of the hull during the build to give them the right angles of inclination in certain parts of the hull. Knowledge of how to use this plumb level is still considered part of living, unbroken traditions in some areas. In some local traditions, however, there are no longer any living tradition bearers that have the knowledge of how this tool was used in the local context. In this contribution, I will discuss how this lost knowledge can be reconstructed using old artefacts as a source material. I am investigating the tradition of building vernacular, clinker-built boats called ‘öka’ for sailing and rowing. This specific boat building tradition was located in the 19th century Stockholm archipelago. The artefacts in this case are preserved boats built in the old tradition and preserved plumb levels from closely related traditions. A central question in this context is to locate the exact positions in the boat that were measured by the plumb level. Working with reverse engineering, the measuring can be performed on preserved boats, but the right places for measuring still must be located to reconstruct the knowledge of how and where to use the tool. Some preserved plumb levels have markings that can be used in this investigation to match the locations and angles in the preserved boats. In this contribution, I will also discuss the possibility of applying the traditional measuring methods used by the old boatbuilders in today´s surveys and reconstructions, not translating the craft object into a digital 3D model or a lines plan.
Preserving the past to serve the future
Authors: Palmsköld Anneli , Gustavsson Karin , Rosenqvist Johanna
Published: September 2023

Lilli Zickerman (1858–1949) was an entrepreneur who took part in organising the Swedish handicraft associations in the late 19th century. She was also a pioneer in the archives and active in the feminine sphere of textile handicraft. From 1914–1931 she conducted a huge inventory called Swedish Folk Textile Art that consists of more than 24,000 photographs and descriptions of vernacular textiles and manuscripts for a planned series of books and films. By mapping textile handicrafts, she aimed to preserve traditional textile craft techniques to inspire their continued production. Her intention was to create an archive for the inspiration and education of future textile artists. The inventory has had effects that are still apparent today; this paper illuminates the ways in which Zickerman’s ideas about textile handicrafts have contributed to the continuation of Swedish cultural heritage and how it has become an authorised heritage discourse that continues to guide the scholars and practitioners involved in the history of textiles and their production. Here, we will present the first article within an ongoing project on Swedish Folk Textile Art and how it was conducted. We will contextualise the ideas and knowledge that it contains by focusing on Zickerman’s intention to preserve the past to serve the future. From a critical craft perspective, we will discuss geographical mapping as a method for investigating the invent­tory; the inclusion and exclusion of geographical areas, textile techniques, materials and people; the ideas and the knowledge that are expressed in the inventory; and the networks that it created. By doing so, we aim to highlight the connections between people, between people and materials, and between history and the current day.
Post-COVID craft education
Authors: Heffer Cecilia
Published: September 2023

This paper presents a hybrid model of teaching and learning that proposes new possibilities for exchang­ing tangible and intangible cross-cultural knowledge in textile craft education. The paper aims to demonstrate how online platforms can be used creatively to disseminate traditional craft knowledge and skills in new ways. The discussion centres on a unique virtual global studio between fashion and textile undergraduate students at the University of Technology Sydney and on an artisanal woodblock print studio, Tharangini, based in Bengaluru (Bangalore), India. The hybrid workshop was an adaptation of the studio in response to travel restrictions caused by the pandemic. The author argues that while the internet cannot replace the immersive cultural experience of studying in another country, digital platforms have a place alongside teaching to offer otherwise impossible opportunities. This paper explores a methodology for disseminating craft knowledge and skills across cultures through a combination of online and in-house practicum. Classes were structured around weekly Zoom sessions with Director Padmini Govind, where sustainable approaches to print production were disseminated through a suite of commissioned films and hand-carved woodblocks to explore on campus. The results show how this unique adaptation allowed students to interact with the artisan craft of woodblock printing in rich and varied ways, and it proposes that this novel hybrid model can be creatively adapted to future craft education in the 2020s.
A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Development of Thermal Clay Modules
Authors: Tvede Hansen Flemming , Foged Isak Worre , Fragkia Vasiliki
Published: September 2023

This study focuses on the idea that industrial production methods, combined with a craft-based approach, enable the production of distinctive expressive thermal functionalities. We developed extruded modules based on a hands-on explorative craft approach in parallel with virtual simulations to explore how heat and cold are transported dynamically through building modules. This paper discusses the developed method and process used in a multidisciplinary approach that combines the quality of craft-based practice with architecture, engineering and programming, focusing on how craft practitioners experiment with material, technique and aesthetics in such a multidisciplinary approach. In this study, immediate concrete design proposals demonstrated a helpful way of establishing common ground for multidisciplinary collaboration. Concrete design proposals are pivotal in addressing the suggested design’s advantages and disadvantages and clarifying the differences and potentials between the specialisations in question. Based on the initial design proposals, it was clear how the craftsperson’s previous experiences within crafts practice quickly led to the identification of realisable solutions based on experimental setups and aesthetic solutions and, at the same time, was able to foresee possible complications.
The Gardener’s Practical Knowledge
Authors: Pihlgren Paula
Published: September 2023

With this article, I want to raise questions about the gardener’s practical knowledge in order to create greater awareness in educational contexts and working life of the importance and application of what it means to be and work as a gardener. Practical knowledge takes time to develop and requires experience and conscious reflection. It also requires knowledge of the particular site you are working with, which in principle is always complex, as it involves everything from natural habitats to human expressions, such as history. To understand what practical knowledge is, I drew on situations from my working life and discuss these with references that highlight the importance of involving different forms of knowledge, phenomenology and hermeneutics. I used the concept of genius loci to formulate the meaning of places and posthumanist thoughts on the relationship between humans and nature. My conclusion is that experience, reflection and knowledge of a place are central to building sites, a task in which the gardener is highly involved. I conclude with a number of questions about how to work with these aspects of the profession in education and working life.
Mapping presentations of crafts in the Danish heritage industry
Authors: Bill Josefine
Published: September 2023

In this paper, I present the methodological and theoretical deliberations behind a mapping of how crafts are presented in the Danish cultural heritage industry. I trace the historical background of crafts in the Danish heritage industry and present definitions of key concepts such as ‘craft’ and ‘the Danish heritage industry’. I then develop a research design consisting of a questionnaire and ethnographic fieldwork. I consider how research questions about scope and variation can be operationalized in the questionnaire and how theoretical perspectives from critical heritage studies (Smith, 2006) and vital materialism (Bennett, 2010; 2012) can inform the questionnaire and fieldwork. Finally, some preliminary findings are presented along with some comments on the use of questionnaires in heritage research.
Field Method for Characterization of Deciduous Wooden Shingles
Authors: Lindblad Linda , Melin Karl-Magnus
Published: September 2023

In the Nordic countries, a major part of the built heritage is constructed of wood and on churches it is still common for the roofing to consist of shingles. In the 20th century, there was a paradigm shift when the heritage authorities made new standards where, for example, the variety of species used throughout history was replaced by pine with sapwood. Today, it is evident that the broken traditions have resulted in roofings with shorter life spans (Göllas & Lindblad, 2021). Further, changes in forestry during the last century made old mature pines, appropriate for shingles, a scarcity. Until last year, it was common that wood for shingles was imported from Russia and northern Finland, which is questionable from more than one perspective. In a project by the Craft Laboratory, the aim is to reclaim traditional know-how through craft research. Old built-in shingle roofs are examined, old forestry and building literature is inventoried and tradition bearers are interviewed. Several of these sources put forward oak and aspen as species well suited for long-lasting shingle roofing. The focus of the exhibition is the development of a field method in which we present features to define wood species on the weathered surfaces of shingles using sight and touch characterization. A built-in roof with both aspen and oak shingles in Tönnersjö church in Halland will serve as an example.
Estonian and Norwegian Sheep Wool as a Textile Material
Authors: Matsin Ave , Beilmann Merje , Blomli Marte Espelien , Kaljus Astri , Lehis Liina , Espelien Ingvild Svorkmo , Tuulik Diana , Wendelbo Eli
Published: September 2023

In Estonia, up to 90% of local wool is not adequately valued, while in Norway, due to the well-functioning wool-buying and -sorting system, a large part of local wool is used purposefully. However, both countries have room for improvement in terms of the better usage of local wool. This article provides an overview of the Estonian-Norwegian wool research conducted in from 2020 to 2023 and its main results. During the study, wool was collected from three Estonian and three Norwegian sheep breeds, semi-worsted yarn was made from it, and knitted and woven fabrics were produced. Wool, yarn, and fabrics were tested in numerous ways. The paper presents the main test results and suggests how wools with a wide range of qualities can be used in innovative ways to create textiles. The smart use of materials is based on the possibilities offered by medium-sized production and knowledge about local wool.
Sensing the Rhythm
Authors: Hulkkonen Sara , Lötjönen Miia , Mäkelä Maarit
Published: September 2023

Glassblowing is a craft in which both human and material movement are essential. However, what kind of movement is required in glassblowing, and why does that movement happen? This article presents a practice-led case study conducted in a glassblowing studio. During a glassblowing session, clear drinking glass blanks are blown in a wooden turn mould. The process of glassblowing is documented on video and analysed using the visual data. Additionally, diary notes and participant observation are used to understand and contextualise video data more profoundly. The analysis focuses on the movement of the two main actants of the process: the human movement of the glassblower and the non-human movement of the hot glass. Altogether, six categories were identified to represent the human and material activity. This article concludes that the movement under investigation is relational between the glassblower and the hot glass, and it happens as a consequence of the glassblowers’ situated embodied knowledge. Furthermore, we discovered that research in the processes of glassblowing offers a rich ground for practice-led research that adopts relational ontology and sociomateriality as its theoretical perspectives. The purpose of this study is to fortify the craft of glassblowing as a vital practice in the fields of art, design, and craft.
Interpreting archaeological boat material, the G1 boat of the Gokstad find
Authors: Øya Svein Erik , Stålegård Lars
Published: September 2023

We will discuss the limitation of cardboard as a material for reconstruction models, and whether an alter­­native material could be helpful to overcome these limitations. We have experimented with 3D-print­ed plastic and ways to reduce the longitudinal high edge stiffness, to get around what we think is the main weakness using cardboard. The goal has been to open the possibilities of interpretation. The end result of the tests has been used to build a 1:5 reconstruction model, for our interpretation of the 10m boat from the Gokstad find (G1) from late 800’s. We found that the use of 3D-printed plastic, with a designed internal weakness, gives us more longitudinal flexibility in the model. This flexibility opens up for interpretations that are less feasible when using cardboard.
Psychotherapeutic changes in the multi-person setting
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología, Immel Nina Franziska
Published: September 2023

Antecedentes: A pesar de los avances recientes en el estudio del proceso de cambio en los settings múltiples personas, persiste la falta de consenso respecto a la medición y observación efectivas del cambio en terapia de pareja y familiar. Objetivo: Esta investigación tiene como objetivo desarrollar un modelo que incluya descriptores de cambio del sistema para settings multi-personales. Metodología: Para lograr este objetivo, se entrevistó a 27 terapeutas expertos para recopilar sus percepciones sobre el proceso de cambio en terapia de pareja y familiar. Los datos recopilados se analizaron cualitativamente para generar descriptores de cambio. Además, se examinaron diez procesos de terapia sistémica para identificar momentos de cambio individuales y del sistema. Los cambios del sistema se compararon luego con los descriptores de cambio. Resultados: El análisis de las 27 entrevistas identificó 18 categorías que sirven como descriptores de cambio del sistema. Estas categorías se agruparon en cinco clústeres: 1) Apertura de un Espacio Compartido, 2) Crear Significado, 3) Resignificación, 4) Individuación Relacionada y 5) Vista al Futuro. Del total de cambios del sistema identificados, el 97% se pudo clasificar según las categorías y clústeres desarrollados. El análisis temporal indicó una progresión no lineal de los clústeres. Las comparaciones con los cambios individuales revelaron una compleja interconexión entre los cambios del sistema y los individuales. Conclusión: Se propone un modelo circular de cambio del sistema, que captura la progresión y la no linealidad del cambio relacional. Este modelo pretende complementar los modelos existentes de cambio individual y no reemplazarlos. Se requiere más investigación para validar la aplicabilidad del modelo en diferentes tipos de terapia.
Evaluation of primary school managers' duties in digital transformation
Authors: Dagli Gokmen , Muhtaroglu Mustafa Baran , Bastas Meryem , Altinay Fahriye , Altinay Zehra
Published: September 2023

This research examines the knowledge of managers about technology leadership, metaverse and artificial intelligence and will determine to what extent managers can adapt to the new age. This study evaluates the digital skills, awareness of digital transformation and effective use of digital tools by school administrators with the increasing use of digital technologies in the education of teachers and students. In order to obtain all these data, open-ended questions were asked to the school administrators. The study group of this research, which was conducted with a qualitative study, consists of school principals and assistant principals working in primary schools in Northern Cyprus in the 2022-2023 academic year. The working group consists of 18 participants. The results of the research show that school administrators play an important role in developing their digital skills and successfully managing digital transformation. When the ideas are examined in general, it is argued that the main goal of adapting to the modern age is to bring all the necessary technological tools to the school, to inform the teachers about artificial intelligence and metaverse before students, and to develop their skills in using technological devices. School administrators also stated that if they have their own inadequacies before teachers, it is necessary to improve themselves in these areas, which will benefit the school and students in digital transformation. Artificial intelligence and metaverse technologies would cost schools very high and that the schools would not be able to cover the costs of these technologies.
An Overview and Implication of High Intensity Laser Therapy in Neck Pain: A Narrative Review
Authors: Shrestha Diggaj , Hussain MD Ashraf , Barbhuiya Nur Nahara Begum , Rahman Yasmin , Kalita Manalisa , Sharma Sunita
Published: September 2023

High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT), also known as Class IV laser, is a relatively modern type of non invasive physical electrotherapy that has been used to treat a variety of conditions. However, there has been little research conducted on this equipment. HILT can be highly beneficial for treating painful neck-related disorders, as it offers various effects including bio stimulation, regeneration, analgesia, anti-inflammatory properties, and anti-oedema properties. Many disorders that cause neck pain can be effectively treated with HILT in combination with exercise. To gather essential information on the subject, electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched. The conclusions of the review indicate that HILT is highly efficient, affordable, and innovative. However, it has received minimal academic research attention and has not been widely used in Indian clinical settings. The evidence suggests that HILT is a highly effective physical treatment technique that significantly improves pain, Range of Motion (ROM), functional status, and Quality of Life (QoL) in patients with neck pain.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Parameters in Patients with Meningitis: A Case-control Study
Authors: Miglani Sargam , Chandak Shruti , . Yogender , Malhotra Ankur , Agarwal Arjit , Haria Jigar
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Neuroimaging plays an important role in the assessment of meningitis, but conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is insensitive for early and specific diagnosis. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) can illustrate disturbances in white matter integrity before they become obvious on conventional MRI. Aim: To determine DTI parameters, specifically Fractional Anisotropy (FA) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC), in patients with meningitis and compare them with controls. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted over a period of 18 months at Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre in Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study included a total of 61 clinically diagnosed meningitis patients, aged 18 years and above, who were referred to the Department of Radiodiagnosis for an MRI Brain. Additionally, 61 controls were included. Conventional MRI images were obtained followed by DTI. FA and ADC values were calculated by placing Regions Of Interest (ROI) at different levels for both groups. DTI parameters for different causative organisms (bacterial, viral, tubercular, and fungal) were compared. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 24.0, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was used to identify significant differences. The p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: FA values were significantly lower in cases compared to controls at all levels in the brain (mean whole brain FA value of 0.30±0.036 in cases vs 0.43±0.030 in controls). ADC values were significantly higher in cases at the cerebellum, brainstem, and whole brain levels compared to controls (mean whole brain ADC value of 0.812±0.095 in cases vs 0.758±0.026 in controls) (p-value<0.05 considered statistically significant). These differences were evident in patients with clinically proven meningitis who had a normal appearance on conventional MRI, demonstrating the superiority of DTI over conventional MRI for the diagnosis of meningitis. Statistically significant differences were also found among different aetiological agents, highlighting the potential utility of DTI in the differential diagnosis of meningitis cases (mean whole brain FA of 0.31±0.038 in bacterial cases, 0.029±0.037 in viral cases, 0.299±0.034 in tubercular cases, and 0.27±0.00 in fungal cases vs. 0.43±0.030 in controls (p-value <0.01) and mean whole brain ADC values of 0.80±0.051 in bacterial, 0.85±0.14 in viral, 0.79±0.058 in tubercular, 1.03±0.00 in fungal cases vs. 0.758±0.026 in controls (p-value <0.01)). Conclusion: DTI is more sensitive than conventional MRI and is a useful early indicator of inflammatory process in patients with meningitis.
Analysis and Comparison of Policy Regimes for the Value Added in Agricultural Sector
Authors: Vani Gourav Kumar , Shrivastav Ashutosh , Chaturvedi Poonam , Rajput Ankita
Published: September 2023

The study was conducted with the aim to compare the value added in agricultural sector in different political regimes. The study period was from 1971-2018. The data on real value added in agriculture and allied sectors were collected from the official website of FAO STATISTICS and the data on political regime scores were collected from Polity Project website. The study period was divided into three periods, each lasting 15 years, namely period I (1971–1986), period II (1987–2002), and period III (2003–2018). The triennium ending averages of the first and last years for each period were used as the base year and the current year, respectively. The analytical tools used in the study were absolute change, relative change average annual growth rate and instability index. In the first period instability was higher in democratic regimes. In the second period instability among autocratic regimes increased to 2.34 percent compared to 2.12 percent among democratic regimes. In the third period growth rate increased to 6.03 per cent in the autocratic conditions. The instability of the real value added in the agriculture sector under autocratic regimes during the second period was 2.34 percent, higher than it was for the other periods. It is important for democratic economies to adopt advantageous features of agricultural policy from autocratic regimes in order to boost economic growth.
Assessment of Students' Perceived Preparedness for E-learning in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Odikeme E. D.  , Ephraim-Emmanuel B. C.  , Assayomo E.
Published: September 2023

Background: The occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic has made software developers come up with different e-learning tools to facilitate distance learning in institutions. These tools have eased the challenges brought about by limited contact among persons during that period and there could be variations in the level of preparedness to use these tools among different populations. This study thus aimed to assess the level of student’s preparedness to use these e-learning tools.

Materials and Methods: A descriptive design was used to carry out this study among 203 respondents of the Federal Training Centre for Teachers of Health Sciences, in the University College Hospital, Ibadan. A simple random sampling technique was adopted to select the study participants from the population. A semi-structured questionnaire with 4 sections was used in the collection of data. Ethical considerations were adhered to and analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Results: The results show that a high level of preparedness (71.4%) was recorded and this was evidenced by a greater proportion of availability of e-learning materials (76.8%) with a corresponding network system (82.8%). A majority (73.9%) of the respondents had utilized these e-learning tools for class assignments and virtual meetings in their respective environments. The recorded level of preparedness was reported to be faced with some constraints including poor availability of telecommunications networks (42.4%), lack of functional laptops (17.2%), and lack of e-learning facilities (10.3%).

Conclusion: E-learning utilization preparedness was found to be good in this study but is faced with certain barriers limiting its use effectively. This research has been able to make a case for the effective development and sustenance of e-learning in institutions in Nigeria. Governments and necessary stakeholders need to prioritize the provision of infrastructure, training, and materials needed to enhance e-learning in the education system of Nigeria.
Philippine Policies in Native Language Learning and Literacy among High School Students
Authors: Meneses Arianna Mae M. , Baad Cassandra , Cola Arven Jonn Q. , Garbanzos Bien Ellysa L. , Robles Beatrice Marie P. , Lobaton Rojil Kent A. , Petalla Marisa B.
Published: September 2023

The official languages recognized in the Philippines are Filipino and English, taught in educational institutions nationwide. However, the English language is more often used as a medium in teaching the curriculum, which poses a challenge for learners to develop their literacy skills, which include the ability to read, write, and speak in the Filipino language in formal learning, especially in high school (grades 7–12). Thus, this study was conducted to assess the level of practice of the Filipino-only policy and the level of literacy in the Filipino language among high school students. This quantitative study utilized descriptive, comparative, and correlational research approaches. The data were gathered from 324 high school students at a Catholic university in Western Visayas, who were chosen using a stratified random sampling. Using the mean and the standard deviation, the result showed that the levels of students' practice of the Filipino-only policy in academic-related activities and literacy in the Filipino language are high. Further, by utilizing analysis of variance for comparative analysis, the results showed no significant differences in the level of practice of Filipino-only practice and the level of literacy in the Filipino language when grouped according to grade level. Finally, using the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, the result showed a correlation between the practice of the Filipino-only policy and literacy in the Filipino language. Based on the findings of the study, supplementary instructional materials on proposal research writing using the Filipino medium were then proposed for possible implementation.
Enhancing Fire Emergency Response Readiness in Butiama District Secondary Schools in Tanzania: An in-depth Investigation
Authors: Waryoba King’are Mugendi , Mung’ong’o Henry
Published: September 2023

Fire hazards in secondary schools are a global concern, impacting countries worldwide with varying rates and consequences. Tanzania, in particular, has grappled with recurring fire disasters, with schools bearing a significant brunt of these incidents. While government policies and circulars have mandated safety measures like smoke detectors, emergency exits, and the prohibition of candles and crude oil lamps in schools, compliance remains a persistent issue. This study is firmly grounded in three influential theories: Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, the protection motivation theory, and modern disaster theory. Our study used a descriptive research design based on a mixed research approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Data collection involved questionnaires, interviews, and observations. One of the significant findings is the glaring lack of awareness among both teachers and students regarding fire emergency preparedness and the lack of training in fire safety preparedness. The study also delves into the root causes of fire emergencies, which include poor electrical appliance installation, ignorance about fire materials, negligence, and deliberate sabotage. These findings highlight the vulnerabilities that schools face and emphasize the critical importance of preparedness measures. Financial constraints and a lack of fire safety resources emerge as formidable challenges. To bolster fire emergency response readiness, the study proposes a range of strategies. These include the development of comprehensive fire emergency plans, increased investment in fire safety education, procurement of essential fire safety equipment, the establishment of school dispensaries, budget allocation for preparedness efforts, and the promotion of regular fire drills.
Analysis of Learning Needs for Visual Communication Design Students for the Latest Graphics Teaching Materials
Authors: Arifin Irfan , Rauf Bakhrani A. , Ahmad Arifin
Published: September 2023

This research aims to analyze the learning needs of students in the Visual Communication Design Program in developing teaching materials for the latest graphics topics. The research methods employed include qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis methods. The research steps involve identifying learning needs through data collection, data analysis, and the interpretation of graphic learning materials, through interviews, observations, questionnaires, and literature review. The findings of this research will provide comprehensive insights into students' perspectives and preferences regarding the Graphics course. The collected data will be used to support the development of teaching materials that are more aligned with students' needs and relevant to current industry trends. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to improving the quality of education in the Visual Communication Design Program and preparing students to face the challenges in the ever-evolving world of graphic design. The research shows that students need teaching materials on graphic topics that are easy to understand, contain the latest and industry-relevant content, and have clear and engaging visualizations. Based on these findings, the researcher suggests that the development of graphic teaching materials should prioritize students' learning needs as the primary target.
A Study of the Levels of Nickel, Iron, Cadmium, and Lead in Some Potable Drinking Water from Well Sources in Dutsin-ma, Katsina State, Nigeria
Authors: Ubaidullah A.  , Idris M. M.  , Ango M. L.  , Abdullahi M. H.  , Mohammad I. A.  , Iwa S. J  , Okara O. G
Published: September 2023

This study looked into the levels of heavy metal concentrations (Ni, Fe, Cd, and Pb) in a portable well water sample from Dutsin-ma, Katsina State. A water sampler bottle was used to gather ten water samples from various randomly chosen wells. By adding HNO3, and HCl, heating the samples to 90°C and then cooling them, the samples were digested. Heavy elements were measured using a calibrated Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The result indicates that the heavy metal concentration levels in a well water sample from Dutsimma, Katsina State for Ni, Fe, Cd, and Pb are in the range (mean) values of 0.005 \(\pm\) 0.0008 – 0.055 \(\pm\) 0.0024 mg/kg (0.021 mg/kg), 0.119 \(\pm\) 0.0011 – 0.7680. \(\pm\) 0006 mg/kg (0.3784 mg/kg), 0.035 \(\pm\) 1.8760 \(\pm\) .0092 mg/kg (0.6776 mg/kg), and 0.83 \(\pm\) 0.0010 – 1.19 \(\pm\) 0.0009 mg/kg (1.451 mg/kg) respectively. The well water samples are widely used by most of the populace of Dutsin-ma as the main source of drinking water. Very negligible levels of these heavy elements are present and thus pose no harm to the populace. However, constant monitoring of various water sources used for drinking is essential.
Evaluation of Temperature Modification in Open Top Chambers in Mustard Cultivars and its Effect on Yield and Percentage Content of Nitrogen and Sulfur
Authors: Mohaniya Lakhan Singh , Sharma Janmejay , Sharma Amita
Published: September 2023

The present study was conducted during rabi season in the your of 2021-22. The experiments were conducted in open top chambers established in the research area of Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture, RVSKVV, Gwalior have uniform topography and adequate drainage conditions. The trial was laid out in a two way factor anova with three replications. It was consisting of five elevated/ambient temperature viz., ambient in OTC, ambient+1oC, ambient+1.5oC, ambient+2oC, Open field (control) and two mustard cultivars at varied crop geometry i.e., RVM2 (45x10 cm & 25x20 cm) and Giriraj (45x10 cm & 25x20 cm). The result of the study indicated that significantly higher no. of siliqua per plant, no. of seed per siliqua, length of siliqua (cm), 1000 seed weight (g), total biomass (q/ha), seed yield (q/ha), harvest index (%), nitrogen content (%) and sulfur content (%) was obtained at ambient +1oC which were significantly superior over rest of the ambient temperature and open field control (OTCs) conditions. Maximum no. of siliqua per plant, no. of seed per siliqua, length of siliqua (cm), 1000 seed weight (g), total biomass (q/ha) and seed yield (q/ha) was observed with mustard cultivar of Giriraj (45x10 cm) except harvest index (%) and sulfur content (%), respectively.
Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis for Yield, Quality and their Component Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Parimala G. , Raju CH. Damodhar , Rao L. V. Subba , Umamaheswari K. , Krishna Kasanaboina
Published: September 2023

Investigation was carried out at the Agricultural research Institute, Hyderabad, during kharif 2018-19 with the objective of assessing the trait association and direct and indirect effects of yield and quality related traits on grain yield in fifty rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. Among eighteen characters, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, kernel L/B ratio, kernel length after cooking and kernel elongation ratio had positive and highly significant association with seed yield and positive correlation with kernel length, alkali spread value and gel consistency. Genotypic path coefficient analysis of seed yield revealed that milling, kernel length after cooking, 1000-grain weight and panicle length exerted highest positive direct effect on grain yield. The existence of strong positive correlation between grain yield and other traits helps in identifying traits that could be used for indirect selection for the improvement of grain yield, Therefore, to facilitate selection in breeding for high yield, quality and other desirable traits. Hence emphasis can be laid out on these traits and give more attention to those having the greatest influence on grain yield.
Pedogenesis and Soil Resources Investigation of Major Soil Series of Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Thenmozhi S. , Mary P. Christy Nirmala , Ragavan T. , Prabhaharan J. , Balasubramanian P.
Published: September 2023

Detailed soil survey (DSS) was carried out in drought prone district of Ramanathapuram during April 2023 to find out the weathering pattern of the soil. Totally 4 soil profiles was excavated from Mandabam, Pudukudi, Paramakudi and Muthukulathur areas and studied for soil morphological characteristics. Soil samples was collected in each horizon and analysed for soil physical characteristics, chemical constituents and weathering indices by using the standard procedures. The results showed that soil colour were ranged from dark yellowish brown to dark grey with single grain to angular to sub-angular blocky structure. Soil consistency ranged from loose, hard to very hard, firm to very firm, sticky to very sticky, plastic to very plastic in dry and moist condition. The bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate ranged from 1.19 to 1.31 Mg m-3, 0.01 to 8 cm hr-1 and 0.02 to 8 cm/hr. The variations in molar ratios and weathering intensity were seen in all the profiles. The weathering pattern of the soils from different areas of the coastal district was identified.
A New Mixed Strategy to Cover Continuous Region
Authors: Nandi Mrinal
Published: September 2023

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is now a developing area. The coverage problem is an important part of that. WSNs contain sensors which cover a three or two-dimensional bounded convex set. In general, the sensors are deployed randomly from the air. Sometimes sensors are placed by robot(s) or sensor can move to placed themselves on some points of a pre-assigned region, known as Region of Interest (ROI). Since there is a randomness of placing the sensors, they may not be placed on the pre-assigned points. Hence, ROI may not completely cover by the sensors. So, the problem is, how one decrease the uncovered area? Most of the situations, extra sensors are deployed on some randomly chosen points to cover the ROI. In one of our previous work, we reduced the distance between two adjacent vertices and drop exactly one sensor on each vertex. We compare the uncovered area using two strategies (the general one and our previous one), for normal and uniform distributions, and for a different percentages of extra sensors. We observed that our strategy is better for low variance-distribution, but not for high variance-distribution. So, we combined the two strategies in this paper.We partitioned the ROI in regular hexagons and develop a new mixed strategy, for dropping the sensors. The extra sensors are divides in two groups. One group is used for reducing the distance between the two adjacent vertices and other parts is used for deploying an extra sensor on randomly selected points. We simulate with a non parametric distribution also along with above two. Simulation shows the optimal trade-off between the percentage of these two groups, which change with the variance of randomness.
The International Publicity Translation of Culture-Loaded Words from the Perspective of Cultural Translation Theory
Authors: Li Zhenying , Yi Yang
Published: September 2023

With the development of globalization, economic and political competition has become more and more fierce, and the collision of diverse cultures is equally intense. Film and television works play a vital role in exchanging diverse cultures of the world. Based on Basnett’s cultural translation theory, this article combines the corpus of the documentary Every Treasure Tells a Story and the Huashan Rock Art tourism propaganda texts. It studies the translation strategies and methods used in translating culture-loaded words for international publicity in order to attract more translators (including students majoring in translation) into the field of cultural heritage translation and help Chinese culture "going global". Meanwhile, it is beneficial to promote the development of local tourism and social economy with high quality.