bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Population genetic analysis of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica in German dairy cattle reveals high genetic diversity and associations with fluke size
Authors: Hecker Anna Sophie , Raulf Marie-Kristin , König Sven , May Katharina , Strube Christina
Published: February 2025

Background

The liver fluke Fasciola hepatica is one of the most important endoparasites in domestic ruminants worldwide and can cause considerable economic losses. This study presents the first population genetic analysis of F. hepatica in Germany and aims at providing new insights into genetic diversity and population structure.

Methods

A total of 774 liver flukes, collected from 60 cows of 17 herds and 13 cows of unknown herd origin, were subjected to comparative analysis of two mitochondrial genes (cox1 and nad1), one nuclear region (internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-1) and eight nuclear microsatellite markers. In addition, individual fluke measurements allowed comparison of morphometric differences between genotypes.

Results

The nuclear ITS-1 region showed minimal variability, with 772 of 774 flukes having identical sequences, while the mitochondrial sequences revealed a high genetic diversity, with 119 distinct haplotypes, a mean haplotype diversity (Hd) of 0.81 and a mean nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.0041. Mitochondrial phylogenetic analysis identified two clusters with no clear association with the host or farm of origin. In the microsatellite analysis, all eight loci were highly polymorphic, with a mean allele frequency of 19.0 and a mean genotype frequency of 73.5 per locus. A total of 500 unique multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were found across all fluke samples, indicating that 68.5% of all genotypes were unique. A mean expected heterozygosity of 0.71 suggested a high potential for adaptability and the number of migrants (Nm = 3.5) indicated high gene flow between farms. Population structure analysis based on microsatellite data revealed that flukes from two farms differed genetically from the others. Linear mixed model results revealed that fluke length differed significantly between the two mitochondrial clusters, although it should be noted that fluke age could not be considered in the analyses.

Conclusions

Fasciola hepatica in German dairy farms showed high genetic diversity and gene flow. The differences in population structure identified by mitochondrial sequences compared with microsatellite loci highlight the benefits of analysing genetic markers of different origins. This is the first study to correlate fluke morphometry measurements with genetic markers, indicating that the identified markers can influence fluke size.

Graphical Abstract
What can simulation educators learn from the reluctant participant? An exploration of the factors influencing engagement amongst adult learners participating in paediatric simulation training
Authors: Newhouse Laura , Polwart Ngaire
Published: February 2025

Background

Simulation educators are typically passionate advocates for simulation as a training modality; however, we frequently encounter participants who do not share our enthusiasm. The voice of the highly engaged participant is well publicised; however, the experience of those who do not readily engage in simulation has not been extensively studied and may offer valuable insights for educators. This qualitative study will explore factors which influence learner engagement in paediatric simulation training, informing the practice and approach of simulation educators to optimise learning experiences.

Methods

We conducted a reflexive thematic analysis of 12 semi-structured interviews with medical and nursing professionals from a large paediatric teaching hospital in New Zealand who self-identified as reluctant participants in simulation-based education. Interviews explored factors which have influenced their engagement in simulation-based education over the course of their careers.

Results

Three overarching themes were developed which describe the factors influencing adult-learner engagement in simulation-based education. The first, participant anxiety, explores the participants’ narratives related to anxiety before, during and even following simulation which can impact on their ability to engage in current and subsequent simulation-based education. The second, protective behaviours, relates to the defensive mechanisms employed by participants in response to vulnerability experienced during simulation activities. The third theme, perception of the facilitator, examines the impact of simulation facilitator characteristics and behaviours on learner engagement.

Conclusions

These narratives highlighted that regular simulation activities with transparent learning objectives in which facilitators demonstrate vulnerability and adopt a co-learner attitude act to reduce participant anxiety. Emergent defensive behaviours, particularly “group shielding”, interfere with collective learner engagement and should be both recognised and addressed by facilitators. Finally, there are potential discrepancies in the perceptions of facilitators and learners regarding what constitutes psychologically safe education environments. A collaborative and iterative approach to simulation-based education design may act to improve psychological safety for reluctant participants.
Meat quality, safety, dietetics, environmental impact, and alternatives now and ten years ago: a critical review and perspective
Authors: Oleinikova Yelena , Maksimovich Sviatoslav , Khadzhibayeva Irina , Khamedova Elana , Zhaksylyk Aizada , Alybayeva Aigul
Published: February 2025

Meat consumption is growing steadily. As with any research, meat investigation requires an overall view of the study field to identify current directions and reveal prospective trends. The number of publications on meat research is growing steadily and reaching several thousand publications per year. This creates difficulties in covering all available information in the field and forces researchers to increasingly limit themselves to narrow issues in their direction. We analysed the main trends in meat research published recently and ten years ago. We identified areas of research in the field of meat based on abstracts of articles with the word “meat” in the title published in the Web of Science database in the time intervals 2000–2003, 2010–2013 and 2020–2023. We also mapped terms from articles directly related to meat using VOSviewer and the OpenAlex application programming interface. Among the selected dominant directions of the Web of Science, research areas were systematised based on abstracts of articles and reviews: 1182 publications in 2013 and 2610 publications in 2023. Such an increase in the number of publications indicates a sharp rise in interest in the topic and the existence of questions that need to be resolved. Therefore, an overview of the main directions in meat research in 2013 and 2023 was presented. Research areas with a declining share of articles and actively developing directions were identified, and unresolved pressing questions and trends were presented. The revealed changes demonstrate a shift from microbiology and technology of obtaining meat and meat products towards research methods development, problems of nutrition, and global warming. In conclusion, the prospects for research in these areas have been considered. The need to regulate the negative effects of meat production and consumption justifies the rationality of interdisciplinary approaches integrating environmental, health, and ethical perspectives. The most promising areas for further research are rationale and developing strategies to reduce meat consumption.

Graphical Abstract
Did Welfare Reform End the Safety Net as We Knew It? The Record since 1996
Authors: Schmidt Lucie , Shore-Sheppard Lara , Watson Tara
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the evolution of the safety net for low-income families since welfare reform in 1996 promised to “end welfare as we know it.” The total package of supports has become substantially more generous, but has changed in character. Support has shifted away from monthly cash transfers towards tax credits and in-kind benefits, and has expanded for working families while declining for those without earnings. Resources available to married-parent families have expanded, whereas those for adults without dependents remain scant. We also document that, despite expanded state flexibilities, variability in generosity across states did not grow due to simultaneous expansions of federal food assistance and tax credits. Overall, these changes reflect ongoing contention over two key policy issues. First, what is the appropriate trade-off between promoting work versus preventing material hardship? Second, what is the appropriate role for states versus the federal government in determining safety net generosity?
Enhanced patient counselling and SMS reminder messages to improve access to community-based eye care services in Meru, Kenya: statistical analysis plan for a Bayesian adaptive trial
Authors: Kim Min Jung , Allen Luke , Tlhajoane Malebogo , Prieto-Merino David , Bolster Nigel , Bastawrous Andrew , Macleod David
Published: February 2025

Background Health service programmes frequently encounter challenges with patient adherence to care. A promising, low-risk approach to address this issue is providing patients with targeted information about the importance of adherence. In the Vision Impact Project (VIP), an eye health screening programme in Kenya, the adherence rate to attending triage clinics after referral is around 50%. To improve this rate, this trial will test the effectiveness of delivering relevant information to patients at the point of referral along with reminder messages. Methods A pragmatic, Bayesian adaptive trial will be conducted within the VIP programme to assess the effectiveness of providing enhanced information compared to standard care. Weekly interim analyses will monitor adherence rates to referral appointments following positive vision impairment screenings. Participants will be randomized equally into intervention and control groups. The trial will stop if interim findings indicate either efficacy of one arm over the other, or futility that the two arms are performing equally. Discussion This paper presents the statistical analysis plan for a pragmatic adaptive trial aimed at improving adherence in an eye screening programme in Kenya. This statistical analysis plan expands on the design and analysis plan detailed in the study protocol and documents decision rules to avoid post hoc decision-making. Trial registration ISRCTN 11329596, Registered on 02 February 2024, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN11329596
A Case of an Anterior Lingual Mandibular Bone Depression in a Child
Authors: Meriç Ezgi
Published: February 2025

This report presents imaging findings of a rare case of anterior lingual mandibular bone depression in a child. These defects are typically localized at the lingual cortical area of the lower jaw and have been diagnosed casually during routine radiographic examination. We presented very different information about the prognosis and formation hypotheses of the lesion observed in a child than has been presented so far. The purpose of this report is also to introduce a new case of an anterior lingual mandibular bone defect and to focus on clinical features, alternative diagnostic imaging sources differential diagnoses and review the current literature.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: An anterior lingual mandibular bone depression mimicking a Stafne bone defect is described.
Conversations that Count
Authors: Binnie Rebecca SL , Sinclair Serena
Published: February 2025

Good communication between dentist and patient is essential. The ability to communicate with patients about sensitive topics can also improve patient outcomes and help facilitate positive behaviour change. This article reviews ways in which sensitive topics, including oral health, smoking, alcohol use, recreational drug use and diet, can be approached by dental professionals. Dental professionals are well placed to give comprehensive advice concerning oral health. Other topics can be approached using brief interventions that can be carried out within the limited time available to dental practitioners. Brief intervention is an approach to assess and increase patients' motivation or readiness to change unhealthy behaviours. Self-help materials that patients can be given and signposted to are also highlighted.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Structured approaches are available to assist dental clinicians to have conversations with patients around sensitive topics.
The orthodontic–paediatric interface. Part 2
Authors: Donnell Christopher C , Patel Trishna A , Kirby Jennifer E , Frawley Tom
Published: February 2025

Dental decisions made during childhood and adolescence can have long-term implications. The orthodontic–paediatric interface ensures that children are assessed and managed by the right people, in the right place, at the right time. This two-part series offers general dental practitioners (GDPs) and specialists an update on common joint orthodontic–paediatric problems in the mixed dentition alongside practical considerations to resolve them. The second article focuses on: interceptive orthodontics, crossbites, unerupted central incisors, ectopic and impacted canines, and enamel and dentine disorders.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This series will enable GDPs to recognize and manage common problems in primary care.
Experiência de um cirurgião-dentista na Residência Multiprofissional em Atenção à Urgência e Emergência
Authors: Santana Rodolfo dos Santos
Published: February 2025

Introdução: A atenção odontológica durante a hospitalização é crucial para garantir a saúde e o bem-estar dos pacientes. A atuação multiprofissional contra hegemônica desempenha um papel fundamental na atenção terciária, possibilitando uma abordagem abrangente e integrada no cuidado da saúde bucal contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade dos serviços na atenção terciária. Objetivo: Descrever a experiência das ações realizadas por um cirurgião-dentista residente do programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Atenção à Urgência e Emergência. Método: Este é um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, baseado na vivência de um cirurgião-dentista residente, entre março de 2022 e novembro de 2023, na maior unidade hospitalar pública do interior da Bahia. Resultados: Verificou-se que a saúde bucal é negligenciada quando os pacientes permanecem hospitalizados por períodos prolongados. É essencial implementar programas educativos em um ambiente hospitalar pouco explorado pelos cirurgiões-dentistas, mas com grande potencial para a odontologia Conclusão: A Odontologia Hospitalar ainda precisa conquistar seu espaço para ser reconhecida como um campo real e necessário de atuação para os cirurgiões-dentistas, qualificando assim as práticas de saúde bucal em todos os níveis de atendimento.
Epidemiologia dos casos de LER/DORT no estado de Goiás
Authors: Barreto da Silva Victor Yan , De Castro Oliveira Jéssica , Silva Batista Débora , De Oliveira Pereira Gabriel , Silva Guerra Heloísa
Published: February 2025

Introdução: As lesões por esforço repetitivo ou doenças osteomusculares relacionadas ao trabalho representam um dos principais agravos entre as doenças ocupacionais no Brasil, trazendo impactos negativos de cunho individual, social e econômico. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de LER/DORT relacionados ao trabalho no Estado de Goiás. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, quantitativo com dados secundários do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan). Foram utilizadas as variáveis: local; ano; sexo; faixa etária; escolaridade; raça; tipo de vínculo empregatício; exposição a movimentos repetitivos; exposição a tempo de pausas; jornada de trabalho maior que 6 horas/dia; presença de outros trabalhadores com a mesma doença no local de trabalho; exposição a ambiente estressante no local de trabalho; emissão de Comunicação de Acidente de Trabalho (CAT); afastamento do trabalho; presença de dor; limitação de movimento; alteração de sensibilidade; diminuição de força e regime de tratamento. Resultados: Entre 2013 e 2022, foram notificados 298 casos de LER/DORT no estado de Goiás, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (73,8%), faixa etária de 45 a 54 anos (35,2%) e vínculo formal de trabalho (76,8%). As notificações retrataram uma alta prevalência de trabalhadores com exposição a movimentos repetitivos (85,6%) e com sinais e sintomas clássicos da doença presentes. Os diagnósticos mais comuns foram referentes a outros transtornos de tecidos moles (37,6%) e outras dorsopatias (25,8%). Conclusão: Observou-se a importância dos registros para análise e adoção de medidas preventivas. Sugere-se reforço das orientações de notificação, riscos relacionados as doenças ocupacionais e conscientização dos trabalhadores.
Tendência dos indicadores epidemiológicos e operacionais da hanseníase em menores de 15 anos na região Nordeste do Brasil, 2013 - 2022
Authors: De Carvalho Souza Ana Paula , Dias de Araújo Olivia , Medeiros Mascarenhas Márcio Dênis , Pacheco Rodrigues Malvina Thais , Ximenes Andrade Jesusmar , Ferraz do Nascimento Fernando
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Analisar a tendência dos indicadores epidemiológicos e operacionais da hanseníase na região Nordeste do Brasil, no período de 2013 a 2022. Método: Estudo de séries temporais. Indicadores operacionais e de morbidade da hanseníase foram calculados a partir de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Utilizou-se regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: As taxas de detecção de hanseníase em menores de 15 anos (VPA= -11,3; IC95% -15,8; -6,5) e proporção de cura (VPA= -5,0; IC95% -9,7; -0,0) apresentaram tendência decrescente.  Proporção de grau 2 de incapacidade física (GIF2) (VPA= 6,8 IC95% -0,3; 14,5) e de contatos examinados (VPA= -0,1; IC95% -2,3; 2,2) mostraram tendência estacionária. Conclusão: Apesar da tendência de diminuição de casos na população menor de 15 anos, há a necessidade de atenção ao parâmetro de endemicidade, que demonstra dificuldades no rastreio da cadeia epidemiológica da transmissão, origens de transmissão persistentes e retardo no diagnóstico e tratamento da doença. A permanência de casos com GIF2, revela a necessidade de aumentar o rastreio de contatos e o tratamento visando alcançar a cura.
Fatores relacionados à depressão em idosos hospitalizados: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Roberto Rocha Moreira Paulo , Westphal Leandro , Santos da Silva Sousa Jaciele , João Faust Alvim , Oliveira da Silva Chrisllayne
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Analisar as evidências científicas acerca dos fatores relacionados à depressão em idosos hospitalizados. Método: Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa, na qual as buscas ocorreram em três bases de dados, Bireme, Pubmed e Scopus, mediante aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos e utilizando a estratégia PICo. Resultado: Foram incluídos 13 estudos na síntese desta revisão. Os estudos apresentaram que os fatores associados à depressão em idosos hospitalizados foram a fragilidade, quadro clínico de comorbidade, baixo apoio social e abuso de substâncias. O desenvolvimento do quadro clínico de depressão durante a hospitalização também foi associado a um maior número de reinternação e agravo clínico associados a outras comorbidades. Conclusão: Diversos fatores podem acometer a população idosa e torná-la suscetível a depressão. Em um contexto de hospitalização, existe uma maior vulnerabilidade para predominância desses fatores, por isso, ressalta-se a importância de estabelecer estratégias eficientes na identificação e prevenção de depressão em idosos, além da prestação de cuidados mais humanizados e que atendam às necessidades biopsicossociais dos indivíduos.
Covid-19 e consultas eletivas no SUS: o caso do HIV/AIDS em Campos dos Goytacazes
Authors: Miranda Alves de Souza Caroline , Hasenclever Lia , Fauré Yves-A. , Shimoda Eduardo , Freitas da Silva Fábio , Da Costa Carneiro Rodrigo
Published: February 2025

O objetivo do artigo é estudar a interferência da Covid-19 nas consultas eletivas na área de HIV/Aids no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde, no município de Campos dos Goytacazes, centro de referência para o acolhimento e tratamento de pessoas vivendo com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (PVHIV) na região Norte Fluminense. A metodologia adota abordagem quantitativa comparando as tendências de indicadores selecionados 10 anos antes (2010-2019) com aqueles durante (2020/21) a pandemia de Covid-19 para medir a extensão e a evolução dessa interferência nas PVHIV e naquelas em tratamento no município vis a vis o estado do Rio de Janeiro e o Brasil. O resultado encontrado indica que, a despeito das tendências observadas ao longo de dez anos, os indicadores analisados sofreram forte interferência da Covid-19 e prejudicaram o monitoramento e o acompanhamento das PVHIV. Esse efeito é mais intenso em Campos do que no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e no Brasil, evidenciando provavelmente a precariedade dos transportes para deslocamentos na região no período da pandemia, que tende a ser maior nas regiões interioranas dos países. Espera-se ter contribuído para sensibilizar as estruturas e unidades de saúde para os efeitos da Covid-19 na realização da terapia antirretroviral.
Epizootias no estado de Sergipe, 2019-2023
Authors: Rabêlo Alves Júlio César , Prada Sanabria Clara Aleida , Faleta Gabriel Bonfim Giulia Catharina , Gomes Garcia Emerson
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Descrever as epizootias no estado de Sergipe, no período de 2019 a 2023, e criar uma proposta de ampliação da vigilância de epizootias no estado. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, a partir dos dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação exportados da Secretaria de Saúde do estado de Sergipe no final da 41ª Semana Epidemiológica. Além disso, foram utilizados os dados de raiva animal e da Febre Oropouche disponibilizados no site do Ministério da Saúde e no Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial estadual. As ferramentas TABWIN do DATASUS e o Microsoft Excel foram usadas para a tabulação do número total de casos por ano. Resultados: Foi perceptível uma baixa qualidade na notificação e apenas foram registrados 4 casos de investigações de epizootias, entre 2019 e 2023. Além disso, 2 casos foram registrados como suspeitos para a Febre Amarela, nesse mesmo período. O estado de Sergipe não teve nenhuma ocorrência da circulação viral das Encefalomielite Equina do Oeste, do Leste e Venezuelana, e nem da Peste, Febre do Nilo Ocidental e da Febre Mayaro. Entretanto, a raiva é a doença que mais acometeu os animais e, em 2024, até então, tem 3 casos positivos em bois e 2 em cavalos. Outrossim, para a Febre Oropouche já se tem 34 casos positivos em humanos. Conclusão: É necessário intensificar o processo de educação em saúde para a comunidade, com o propósito de conscientizar quanto importância da vacinação, reforçar a importância da vacinação para o controle da febre amarela, melhorar o processo de educação continuada dos trabalhadores de saúde e reforçar o papel da vigilância em saúde, de modo a prevenir novos casos de epizootias no estado de Sergipe.
Ações de prevenção e mortalidade por câncer de colo de útero nos municípios da Bahia, 2020-2023
Authors: Sanabria Clara Aleida Prada , Carneiro de Souza Matos Larissa , Louzado Barreto Neto Manoel , Alves da Silva Rosimary
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Analisar ações de prevenção primária e secundária de câncer de colo de útero (CCU) nos municípios da Bahia, no período 2020 a 2023. Método: Estudo realizados a partir de dados secundários disponíveis no DATASUS e no Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica (SISAB) sobre vacinação contra Papilomavírus Humano (HPV), coleta de preventivo, seguimento de resultados alterados, realização de histopatológico e valores de mortalidade por câncer de colo de útero analisados por município e por Região de Saúde. Resultados: Em relação à vacinação contra o HPV e a coleta de preventivo, a cobertura aumentou no período analisado, porém em todas as macrorregiões baianas a proporção de coleta de preventivo, um dos indicadores do Programa Previne Brasil, foi menor do que 40%. Os dados sobre seguimento de resultados alterados evidenciam que todas as microrregiões baianas apresentam uma proporção inferior a 40% (meta 100%). Em relação ao número de óbitos por CCU nas Regiões de Saúde da Bahia, foi observada uma discreta diminuição. Conclusão: No estado da Bahia, entre 2020 e 2023, houve um aumento das ações de prevenção primária e secundária para o controle do câncer de colo de útero, porém, ainda em valores inferiores às metas nacionais. Isto confirma a necessidade da estruturação de um programa estadual que permita identificar e tratar mulheres com lesões pré-neoplásicas e, assim, evitar os óbitos por esta doença.
Perceptions des populations sur le risque des temperatures elevees de l'air et les mesures d'adaptation en milieu aride: cas de Taghit (sud-ouest de l'Algerie)
Authors: Oubadi Miloud , Faci Mohammed , Hamou Ahmed , Tedim Fantina
Published: February 2025

La perception du risque et les comportements d’adaptation sont deux éléments importants pour réduire les impacts négatifs des canicules. Le but de cette étude est d’évaluer le niveau de perception des canicules par la population humaine, dans la région de Taghit (province de Béchar), et d’inventorier les comportements ancestraux d'adaptation qui sont maintenus jusqu'à nos jours. L’étude s’est basée sur une enquête de terrain effectuée pendant la saison chaude de l’an 2018, où cent cinquante-quatre (154) maisons sur les neuf cent quatre (904) ont été l’objet de cette enquête. Les résultats ont révélé que la majorité de personnes enquêtées (86,4 %) sentaient le risque des canicules; néanmoins, seulement 08 % des ménages conservaient leurs modes de vie traditionnelles. Comparativement aux maisons traditionnelles (construites à base de terre). A préciser canicules ont augmenté de 5,39 fois dans les maisons hybrides (construites de matériaux locaux et industriels) et de 6,44 fois dans les maisons construites par des matériaux industriels. Malheureusement, ceci est dû à la perpétuelle mutation de mode de vie et de l’habitat, sans tenir compte de façon rigoureuse des fines spécificités du milieu; de ce fait, les caractéristiques environnementales de la région doivent être intégrées dans les plans et les stratégies de développement durable.
Sazonalidade e espacialização dos desastres em Santa Catarina: uma análise sobre os alertas por SMS do Sistema da Defesa Civil de Santa Catarina Nowcasting
Authors: Pugas André Francisco , Vitor Adriano , Leal de Quadro Mario Francisco
Published: February 2025

Sistemas de alerta contribuem para a preparação das pessoas a eventos extremos e aprimoramento da capacidade de resposta e identificar a evolução do aspecto climatológico e meteorológico em determinadas localidades. Neste artigo faz uma análise dos alertas emitidos por SMS pela Defesa Civil de Santa Catarina à população com o objetivo de identificar a sazonalidade dos desastres nesse Estado. Por meio da pesquisa descritiva quantitativa, de natureza aplicada, mediante o método hipotético dedutivo, foram utilizados os métodos de pesquisa documental e de levantamento para obter tal resultado. Usando essa metodologia, foi identificado que 93,26% dos alertas estão relacionados a eventos hidrometeorológicos, especialmente chuvas intensas. O ano de 2018 teve o maior número de alertas, principalmente sobre chuvas intensas, que ocorrem com o dobro de frequência no verão em comparação com outono e primavera. Essa frequência também se aplica a alertas sobre deslizamentos e tempestades de raios. Alagamentos são mais comuns no outono e verão, enquanto granizos e vendavais têm maior probabilidade de ocorrer na primavera e inverno, respectivamente.
Preliminary assessment of the pollution status of Sapang Balen river, Mabalacat city, Philippines
Authors: S. Nolasco Glen , Dave A. Dicuangco John , S. Arcilla Marilyn , Edward E. Alfonso John
Published: February 2025

Scarcity of freshwater is a significant global threat, particularly in ecosystems like rivers, which are crucial for biodiversity, drinking water, and community sustenance. This study evaluates the ecological health of the Sapang Balen River in Mabalacat City, Pampanga, Philippines, by examining plant species, solid waste accumulation, heavy metals, coliform counts, and physicochemical parameters. Field measurements and laboratory analyses revealed low biodiversity in the river, characterized by many fast-growing and invasive plants that threaten ecosystem balance. Water quality assessments indicate alarmingly high levels of microbial contamination, with coliform counts significantly exceeding safe limits, likely due to urbanization and domestic waste. Despite these challenges, ongoing remediation efforts, such as bioflocculants, filtration systems, and water revetments, show promise for improving water quality. The study highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and adaptive management to restore and sustain the health of the Sapang Balen freshwater ecosystem.
Disclosure and control of fraud in financial statements in the context of business management on the example of the polish economy
Authors: Rak Yevhen
Published: February 2025

All business entities that conduct economic activities in the capital market are in contact with the revenues and costs that these activities gen-erate. This has to do with the business operations performed.  This is a sphere that cannot be ignored in the preparation of financial state-ments, the “reading” of the report or the audit conducted by the auditor in the context of business management. It is also an area particularly vulnerable to the risk of manipulation. These manipulations are related to the tweaking or smoothing of the financial result. Accordingly, the auditor is tasked with examining income and expenses, assessing their accuracy and reasonableness, verifying the correctness of presenta-tion and, on the basis of source documents and tests performed supported by working papers, issuing the final product of the audit - which is an opinion with a report - based on professional skepticism and judgment. These factors are necessary to assess the risks associated with the audit of the various elements affecting the financial result, as well as to be cautious about the data presented. This article aims to conduct a fraud analysis and show the essence and role of the auditor in the audit of the financial statements, as well as how to deal with the auditor when material irregularities are detected.
Regional Development of Maritime Tourism and Accessibility Gap of North Buton, South East Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Isfa Sastrawati Ihsan , V. Patandianan Marly , V. Natalia Venny , Pati Sakka
Published: February 2025

Indonesiaâ€™s decentralised authority policy inspire the application of local economic development approach in many region which drive the economic growth base on their natural resources. As a maritime region, North Buton has a potential coastal area that can be explored as a tourism industry. This sector is one of the economic catalysts that succeed in many regions and countries in the world. North Buton has many potential in maritime tourism resources but many of them remain concealed or undeveloped due to the lack of transport services. Accessibility is the main feature in tourism industry, this reason drive the purposes of this research, that is, identify the maritime tourism destinations and the accessibility services and development in the North Buton Region. The research used spatial analysis by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and photo mapping. The tourism destinations were identified by considering the availability of attractions, amenities, and access. Then, accessibility was identified by measuring the distances, time and routes of transportation to reach the tourism destinations.Â  The results of the analysis showed that there are 28 kind of maritime tourism objects which lay along the North Buton urbanized coastal area. Most ofÂ  the objects can be achievedÂ  with longer land trip round the region. The shorter route uses sea transport is high potential but not available yet.Â Â
Classroom interaction patterns of high and low achievers at an undergraduate private university in Dubai
Authors: Salameh Walid , A. Sathakathulla A.
Published: February 2025

This research emphasizes a study which was conducted to observe the patterns of classroom interactions of both high and low achieving students at a private university in Dubai. The main aspects of the research were: (1) Frequency of interactions; (2) Nature of interactions; and (3) Reasons for avoided interactions initiation. It was determined that more interactions were initiated by high achieving students than by low achieving students, although low achieving students attained a similar level of interaction as high achievers when discussion was initiated by the teacher. It was also observed that low achieving students prefer privacy when asking a question or checking for correctness of answers, whereas high achievers exhibited more confidence towards asking questions and providing comments on discussion. Surveying students regarding the reasons they avoid initiating interactions revealed that high achieving students lack motivation as they are probably under-challenged, while low achieving students lack confidence as well as motivation.Â Â Â
Demystify the real time implementation of an aero pendulum with dSPACE to visualize and compare the results of PID and SMC
Authors: Hassan Shah Ali , Ali Siddiqui Moazam , Shahid Husnain
Published: February 2025

dSPACE is a real-time platform based on software and hardware in loop with MATLAB/Simulink. The real-time environment provides us a visual way to understand the actual real-time behaviour of the designed controller. This paper proposed a method to better understand the behaviour of a different de-signed controller in a real-time environment during learning. For application-specific we designed a pitch control hardware model for aero pendulum using single brushless dc motor (BLDC), position encoder and H-bridge in loop with MATLAB/Simulink and dSPACE hardware box. Different controllers (Proportional integral derivative (PID) and sliding mode controller (SMC)) are designed, then implemented to check its behaviour on the designed hardware in real-time. The performance is evaluated using overshoot, rise time, settling time peak time and disturbance rejection. Using the control desk software Graphics user interface (GUI) is developed not only to continuously monitor the behaviour but also to make changes into the system conditions during real-time.Â
The New Shape of Global Higher Education in COVID-19 Era
Authors: Khalil M. , Afifi M.
Published: February 2025

The effect of COVID-19 in the world made us face unprecedented challenges. It reflects a model of the Butterfly effect. The butterfly effect is the sensitive dependence on initial conditions in which a small change in one state of a deterministic nonlinear system can result in large differences in a later state. Governments have introduced emergency measures to save lives, Working from home has gone from perk to necessity, Lockdowns and closed borders have become part of 2020. As global citizens, it is crucial that we develop social responsibility towards each other to safeguard the entire humanity. At this stage, itâ€™s still impossible to say which phase of the pandemic we find ourselves in. Are we at the beginning of the end, or at the end of the beginning? Will we see a second wave of infections? When will a vaccine be ready? We are going through challenging times and the world around us is changing fast. We may not have all the answers to these ques-tions, but we do know that the world will witness lasting changes due to COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 as an international pandemic, has shed its profound impact on all daily aspects of life in the entire world; political, economic, social and apparently the education sector has not been immune.Â Â
Trends of eutrofication and effects of measures in Feitsui reservoir during 1987 â€“ 2018
Authors: Liao Yen-Hsiung
Published: February 2025

Purpose: Reservoir watershed is one of the most important sources of domestic water of people. The quality of water is crtical for the users.Approach: Using trends of environmental water quality information during 1987 â€“ 2018. We approached the Carlson trophic state index (CTSI) and evaluated the effects of measures on water quality of Feitsui reservoir compared to the controlled Shihmen reservoir.Results: The CTSI (46.4) was peak in 2001 and decreased to 36.8 in 2018. Water quality was improved after the establish of Best Management Practices (BMPs) after 2003. The CTSIs in Feitsui reservoir were lower than that in Shihmen reservoir generally.Conclusions: Non-point source pollution could cause a higher CTSI. The eutrofication shold be prevented by use of total phosphorus.Â Â
Investigation of the Quality of Shapura Lake Water, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: . Salahuddin
Published: February 2025

The present study is based on Physico-Chemical Parameter of Shahpura Lake of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. The water of Shahpura Lake is polluted due to substantial release of contaminated materials without acceptable treatment to expunge pernicious compounds. The Physico-Chemical parameters such as Chloride(Cl), Total Hardness(TH), Alkalinity(A), pH(pH), Electric Conductivity(EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Fluoride(F), Iron(Fe), Turbidity(Td), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD) and Sulphate (S)Â  were examined to know the present status of the Lake water quality. Statistical analysis like Pearson Correlation matrix and Factor loadings were implemented to the data set to know the relationship among the studied parameters.Â Â Â
Geoelectric / hydrogeologic characteristics and aquifer types of ground water in the basement rocks of the area south of Zakum bello. Nasarawa state. north-central Nigeria
Authors: O. Oluyede Kehinde
Published: February 2025

Interpretation of vertical electrical soundings (VES) and study of lithologic logs were carried out to identify the geoelectric/hydrogeologic characteristics of the Basement Complex rocks in the area south of Zakum Bello. Geoelectric sections drawn from the interpretation results (layer resistivities and thicknesses) reveal mainly four to five layers with the first four layers constituting the weathered basement. Two aquifer types were identified. These are fractured (confined) and weathered (unconfined) aquifer. Ground water yield varies from 0.63 L/S (for the weathered layer aquifer) to 0.28 L/S (for the fractured aquifer) making the weathered basement more prolific. The fracture occurred mainly in the gneiss and thickness ranges from 5 to 10m mainly within the depth of 15 to 40m. Chemical analysis of borehole, well and stream waters which include titrimetric method for chloride and bicarbonate, UV method for nitrate and calorimetric method for sulphate shows the water to be slightly acidic and indicate good water quality throughout the area despite the variation in lithologic units. Prospective borehole sites were recommended for villages or communities without borehole.Â Â
The relationship of motor vehicles and soil lead levels in Pingtung, Taiwan
Authors: Liao Yen-Hsiung
Published: February 2025

Purpose: Most of lead consumption is for the motor vehicles. The soil is polluted by leaded aviation fuel.Approach: Using enrolled motor vehicles during 1995 â€“ 2018. We approached the effect of lead emission on soil quality of Pingtung County that is known its agriculture in Taiwan.Results: The enrolled motor vehicles was peak in 2011, The mean lead levels in soil was peak in 2013. The enrolled motor vehicles was correlated to the mean lead levels in soil significantly ( r = 0.71, p < 0.05). Soil quality was not improved after the banned or reduced lead in gasoline product.Conclusions: Decreasing motor vehicles could cause a lower contaminated lead level in soil. The soil should be protected by diminishing automobile emission.Â Â
Re-examination and illustration of shells of interspecific hybrid tortoises of Testudo horsfieldii (Gray, 1844) and Testudo h. hermanni (Gmelin, 1789) (Testudines: Testudinidae) from the collection of Walter Kirsche in the Dahme-Heideseen nature park,
Authors: Karl Hans-Volker , Safi Amtyaz , Paust Enrico
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we have re-examined and assessed the only existing shells of two interspecific hybrid tortoises of Testudo horsfieldii and Testudo h. hermanni from the Walter Kirsche collections. It is the first detailed examination and measurements of important preserve shells of hybrid tortoises of Testudo taxa. An overview of the systematic relationship and the literature debate is given.Â Â Â
Regional integration and African economic development: sustainable development or underdevelopment
Authors: D.C Ndidigwe
Published: February 2025

The issue of African development through cooperation has been a subject of discourse and a top agenda among scholars and political actors in Africa for more than five decades. The proliferation of regional economic groupings in the early 1970s and the 1980s can attest to the priority given to these schemes by various governments in Africa. However, despite the momentum that regional cooperation as a means to African development gathered, the continent had a little to show for its implementation. This paper examined the dynamics of regional integration programs embarked upon in the continent, especially by critically examining the various regional programs of two leading Africaâ€™s sub-regional organizations and groupings that are somewhat formidable in the continent, to wit: the Economic Community of West African States ( ECOWAS) and the Southern African Development Community ( SADC) whose mandate and objective are development driven and ultimately self reliance. Data for this paper was retrieved mainly from secondary source of scholarly articles and books. Above all the paper submits that there is an association between regional integration and sustainable development in Africa. By this, regional integration remains irreducible minimum desiderata for the continentâ€™s development. The paper therefore recommends that participating countries should muster strong political will to make integration functional and funding of development programs should be sourced largely internally.Â
Impact of covid -19 among smokers in Oman
Authors: A. Sathakathulla A. , G. Fajlul Kareem M.
Published: February 2025

This study will revolve around recent tobacco-users during this pandemic Covid-19 scenario and threat to the smokers. The young smokers are increasing day by day exponentially around the world and a big challenge to parents and governments. In Oman, the number of smokers and tobacco sales is increasing rapidly year by year. This pandemic situation hurdled the movement worldwide; Covid-19 is a big threat to the community with high risk for infected people with comorbidity. As per WHO guidelines the smokers have high risk of Covid-19 infection with high mortality chances. This study reveals around the impact of Covid-19 among tobacco users in Oman during this pandemic.Â Â
A forecast study about the expected number tourists at city hotels in Dubai during expo year 2021
Authors: A. Sathakathulla A. , Ananthi Ganesh
Published: February 2025

Tourism has become the worldâ€™s third largest export industry after fuels and chemicals. The causality between inbound tourism and economic growth is bi-directional. These establishments like many others around the world and in the Emirates have seen a steep decline in the tourism department, in particular customerâ€™s arrival and their number of days stay-in reputed hotels in Dubai. Obviously, it is due to the Pandemic and related worldwide travel restrictions. This business issue is taken into consideration, based on past data about a decade to improve customerâ€™s expectations that makes economic development in Dubai tourism department. The forecast analysis is made by two key variables Tourists V/s nights they stay in. To arrive suitable forecast value, the analysis is done by three different methods based on extraneous variables in this current pandemic scenario.Â Â
Status of captive wild animals in safari park, Malakand, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Ud Din Yousufzai Sultan , Ali Ifat , Rabia Bibi , Usman Ali Hashmi Muhammad , Safi Amtyaz
Published: February 2025

Captive breeding is the process of raising wild animals under controlled conditions in zoos and wildlife sanctuaries. In this study, the conditions of animals kept in wild park located in Dir lower District of Malakand were analyzed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the status of the vertebrate fauna and to identify important problems regarding its captive breeding, conservation and management. This study suggests that mitigation measures can be taken as planning for future conservation and development.
This study aims to investigate the status of different wild animals from November 2021 to September 2022 and understand the basics of conservation and management of Malakand Wildlife Park. The park covers 240 acres and is fenced. Animals are treated with good care and environment. Some of the species of animals protected in the park include leopard, urial, gray goral, monkey and pheasant which are included in the IUCN list of threatened or endangered species. The park also has a well-developed Kalij breeding Centre. This protected park also aims to promote tourism and raise the awareness of local communities to be directly involved in the management and protection of wildlife and the environment.
The implications of climate variability and change on urban water security of Lagos mega-city, Nigeria: a narrative review
Authors: Akiyode Oluwole
Published: February 2025

There has been continuous population growth in some of the cities in the sub-Saharan African coastal region since the mid-20th century. This has led to the emergence of mega-cities, which include Lagos in Nigeria. However, rapid urbanization alongside the threats of climate variability and change may alter the intensity of the features of urban water security in these cities. The framing of the concept of urban water security by policymakers and academia is to make society aware of the urban water threats, for the sake of managing them effectively. This study is a narrative review of literature of the changes in the features of urban water security of Lagos Mega-city. The study indicates that changing climate alongside urbanization trends has implications on the features of urban water security in the city.
Keywords: urbanization, Lagos Mega-city, urban water security, changing climate, Climate variability and change, and water security.
Umysł ucieleśniony – haptyczność w filozofii Berkeleya
Authors: Michalski Rafał Andrzej
Published: February 2025

In this article, I aim to demonstrate that G. Berkeley’s immaterialism is founded on the concept of an embodied mind that extends into the realm of sensory experience. On the level of theological discourse, Berkeley also employs the category of the soul as an inextensible, atemporal substance. However, this metaphysical approach serves as a necessary assumption that, while completing the theoretical framework, does not play a significant role in psychological analysis. The second purpose of my interpretation is to substantiate the thesis that the sense of touch is the basis of the soul’s activity and delineates the limits of its accessible experience.