bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СТУДЕНТОЦЕНТРОВАНЕ НАВЧАННЯ В УМОВАХ ОСОБИСТІСНО ОРІЄНТОВАНОГО ПІДХОДУ
Authors: Столяренко Олена , Столяренко ОКСАНА , Московчук Ольга
Published: March 2023

The present paper covers the student-centered educational approach principles and presents an empirical study held for student teachers at Vinnytsia State Pedagogic University, aiming to promote teaching and learning processes based on a student-centered approach. The article suggests the main principles of student-centered educational approaches which imply the fact of students and teachers relationship being grounded in mutual respect and reflexion about teaching and learning process. University teachers focus on students’ learning and seek for active and deep learning, and, therefore, students’ responsibility, accountability and autonomy. Student-centered approaches stimulate study, thinking and practice abilities because instead of being passive in the classroom, imitating teachers’ explanations and demonstrations, they are active in the learning process, developing independent thinking and self-regulated study. Self-and co-regulation skills are really important for students to be able to manage their time and effort focused on studies, thus increasing involvement. Universities should promote learning environments where students are active in their learning processes, producing their own knowledge instead of just repeating what teachers say. The findings of this study identify that the student-centered approach to teaching encourages students’ engagement in teaching-learning activities focusing on individual interaction to achieve common objectives. However, inadequate resources, lack of expertise on the part of teachers were the challenges to the teaching learning activities.
A student-centered educational process study was set up as a pedagogical research. The classes were initially planned based on interviews with teachers and students from the regular previous term and on open-answers questionnaires filled in by the students. At the end of the action research a new open-answer questionnaire was filled in by the students. The investigation showed and proved positive changes on students’ postures, engagement and learning. The findings indicated that student-centered practices were an interesting pedagogical approach for future teachers. Besides going further with the pedagogical research it is perceived the need to make similar studies at different Ukrainian Higher Educational establishments.
ЗБАГАЧЕННЯ ЕМОЦІЙНО-ЧУТТЄВОГО ДОСВІДУ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ ПІД ЧАС ВИВЧЕННЯ ІНТЕГРОВАНОГО КУРСУ «МИСТЕЦТВО»
Authors: СУХОПАРА ІРИНА , ШПІЦА РОКСОЛАНА
Published: March 2023

Trends in the development of modern education encourage the activation of the emotional sphere of the schoolboy. Enrichment of the emotional and sensory experience of younger schoolchildren is determined by one of the tasks of primary education. The art education sector has a significant potential for solving these problems, since works of art directly affect the emotions of pupil, encourage vivid expression, discussion, understanding of their impact on a person, and give impetus to one's own creativity. The purpose of the article is to theoretically analyze and highlight the practical aspects of enriching the emotional and sensory experience of younger schoolchildren during the study of the art education field. When writing the article, such methods as the analysis of scientific sources, systematization and generalization of data were used in order to identify the state of the investigated problem. The essence of the concepts «emotional experience», «sensory experience» was analyzed and revealed. An understanding of the emotional-sensual experience of younger schoolchildren as a multifaceted personal formation is presented, which is represented by a set of ideas, knowledge, abilities, skills in the emotional sphere, which are acquired in the process of direct practical interaction with the world and determine the system of attitudes and values of a person. It was determined that elementary school age is a sensitive period of the process of development of the emotional and sensory sphere of the individual. The main skills of pupil of primary education in the study of art educational field are considered. Factors that affect the enrichment of the emotional and sensory experience of younger schoolchildren during the study of the integrated course "Art" are presented: the selection of works of art that evoke an emotional response, excite the feelings of students; reaction, analysis, commenting, assessment of works of art, their fragments that evoke emotions, feelings; singling out and focusing attention on bright moments when getting acquainted with works of art, showing an emotional and sensual attitude towards them; involvement in creative activity that excites, evokes bright emotions, feelings, stimulates the activity of schoolchildren; application of elements of art therapy, psychogymnastics; emotionally oriented tasks.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ АДАПТАЦІЇ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ СФЕРИ ТУРИЗМУ
Authors: Фадєєва Тетяна
Published: March 2023

The article examines the peculiarities of the professional adaptation of tourism management students. It is noted that the development of cognitive independence, the need to improve communication skills, the emergence of a hierarchically structured system of value orientations, the implementation of professional self-determination, the specification of life plans, the formation of the ability to self-realization are the determining factors of the professional adaptation of future specialists in the field of tourism. Classifications of adaptation according to various criteria are presented: according to subject-object relations; by impact on the employee; by levels; by directions. Different types of adaptation are characterized: labor, professional, social-psychological, social-organizational, cultural-household, sanitary-hygienic, psychophysiological. On the basis of a sociological survey, an analysis of the practice of professional adaptation of tourism management students was carried out. The stages of career growth (professional and intra-organizational career) are analyzed.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ВМІННЯ САМООРГАНІЗАЦІЇ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ ЗАСОБАМИ КОМП'ЮТЕРНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ: ДИДАКТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Жаркова Ірина , ЧАЙКА ВОЛОДИМИР , ТЕРЕЩУК ГРИГОРІЙ
Published: March 2023

The article reflects the didactic, methodical and technological features of forming the abilities to self-organize educational activities of primary school students by means of computer technologies. It has been established that modern society, which formsand is formed by information culture, needs an individual who is able, despite obstacles and difficulties, to acquire new knowledge and skills necessary for him/her, to be competent in various fields of education, capable of self-education, self-development and self-improvement. It was determined that self-organization of learning is a complex personality trait, which is expressed in freedom from external factors and coercions, the ability to subordinate one’s own views to one’s behaviour, readiness to carry out activities without any help. The task of forming students’ self-organization of educational activity and the main stages of its development are characterized. Categorical groups of pedagogical tools and classification of computer technologies are presented. It was revealed that the didactic aspect of forming the ability to self-organize educational activities of primary school students consists mainly in the possibilities of computer technologies for the development and improvement of subject relations of educational interaction. It has been established that the use of CT in a primary school lesson makes it possible to expand the worldview of students, encourage children to independently find information, form an interest inthe subject, and increase the success rate and quality of the educational process. Mastering a computer has a beneficial effect on the formation of a child’s personality and gives him/her a higher social status. Children have a new direction of communication, they actively discuss computer games, their achievements and mistakes when performing difficult tasks. Children’s vocabulary is significantly enriched, children learn new terminology easily and with pleasure. All this contributes to the enrichment of children’s speech, significantly increases the level of arbitrariness and awareness of actions.
ПРОБЛЕМА ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЗМІСТУ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ У СУЧАСНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯХ
Authors: ПАРАНЮК АННА
Published: March 2023

The article is based on reference literature, official documents on education, and modern research, analyzes the essential signs of competence as a personality development. It is noted that the basis of competence lies in mastering the experience of cognitive, creative, practical, value-seeking activities, as well as the use of the mastered content of education to solve practical-cognitive, value-oriented and communicative tasks and problems. Emphasis is placed on the fact that competence is an integral characteristic of a person, which determines his active life position and ability to solve problems and solve tasks based on value self-determination, using knowledge, skills, personal qualities, work experience. Formulated definition of social competence of high school students as the ability of an individual to solve socially significant tasks, jointly make a decision, participate in its implementation, take responsibility, effectively interact with the surrounding world, as well as the ability of a person to adapt in society, making a conscious choice regarding rules, norms, laws of social life, to form a system of values acceptable for oneself and society.  The analysis of the works of modern researchers in the field of social competence allows us to single out the characteristic signs of social competence, which is a set of specific abilities that make it possible to achieve success in social interaction: the ability to work with people in a group, team; the ability to flexibly change one's behavior depending on the situation, the ability to perform social roles, the ability to make decisions, take responsibility, the ability to combine personal interests with the needs of society, mastering social experience as a mastered set of methods of activity.
РОЗВИТОК КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ОСОБИСТОСТІ: ІСТОРИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ ПРОБЛЕМИ
Authors: Фрицюк Валентина , Малик Валентина
Published: March 2023

The article reveals some aspects of the study of the problem of development of communicative culture of the individual in the historical aspect. The concept of «culture» is clarified as a specifically human way of activity, which includes a system of certain non-biological mechanisms through which the activity of people in society is stimulated, programmed, coordinated and realized. The culturological approach is characterized as the main one in the research, which is manifested in the fact that it should adequately reflect the spiritual situation of the time, the core of which are the ideas of culturally appropriate development and humanization of man and society; The approach involves considering the phenomenon of culture as a core in understanding and explaining a person, his consciousness and life. It is determined that the culturological approach allows to interpret the assimilation of culture as a process of personal discovery, creation of the world of culture in itself, participation in the dialogue of cultures, in which there is an individual-personal actualization of its values. It has been found that the culturological approach, first of all, is a principled humanistic position, which recognizes a person as a subject of culture, its main protagonist. It has been proved that communicative culture, from the point of view of intercultural communication, is, first of all, inherited and established norms of social practice of people who belong to certain national or ethnic communities; features of such socio-cultural activities are stored in the collective memory («mental program»), borrowed from a nearly age, materialized and learned through systems of cultural codes. It is argued that based on the analysis of the problem from a historical point of view, communicative culture in various aspects has always been of interest to researchers in various fields of science. The problem of development of communicative culture of personality is shown as especially actual, considering the European integration processes taking place in Ukraine.
Модель розвитку особистісно-професійної зрілості майбутніх учителів
Authors: Галузяк Василь
Published: March 2023

The model of the system for the development of personal and professional maturity of future teachers is considered as an ordered structural-functional unity of components (target, conceptual-theoretical, content-technological, evaluation-resultative), which comprehensively reflect the purpose, tasks, pedagogical conditions, principles, forms, methods and techniques professional training, stages and results of personal and professional development of students in the educational environment of a pedagogical university. The developed model contains a complex of forms and methods of educational and educational interaction with students, aimed at the implementation of substantiated pedagogical conditions and areas of support for the personal and professional developmentof future teachers: personally oriented teaching of pedagogical disciplines; organization of research activities and pedagogical practice; conducting personal and professional maturity training; organization of extracurricular educational work; conductingindividual consultations. A well-founded pedagogical system is aimed at implementing a set of defined pedagogical conditions for the development of personal and professional maturity of future teachers: the formation of a creative and autonomous educational environment that creates opportunities for students to express subjective forms of activity; intensification of reflexive processes that ensure the objectification of personal qualities by students and activate personal and professional self-improvement; dialogization of pedagogical interaction based on the transformation of the superposition of the teacher and the subordinate position of the student into personally equal positions of partners in joint activity; ensuring the subject position of students in the educational process by organizing their meaning-seeking activity aimed at developing their own professional position and developing dialectical professional thinking
ПРОБЛЕМА СТАНОВЛЕННЯ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ ФІЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ЯК ОСОБИСТОСТІ ТА ПЕДАГОГА-ПРОФЕСІОНАЛА В КОНТЕКСТІ ІСТОРІЇ І СЬОГОДЕННЯ
Authors: Дамзін Олександр
Published: March 2023

The article justifies the choice of the topic of the dissertation research «Personaland professional development of future teachers of physical education in the pedagogical education system of Ukraine at the end of the 20th -beginning of the 21st century»for obtaining the scientific degree «Doctor of Philosophy»in the specialty 011 Educational, pedagogical sciences. The problem is relevant because the definition and analysis of the specifics of the organization of the personal and professional development of future teachers of physical education in pedagogical universities of Ukraine (end of the 20th -beginning of the 21st century) and the search for ways to further improve and modernize this process in the directions of ensuring cognitive, motivational and value, activity-communicative, personal-behavioral and reflexive components enable more successful training of future teachers at the functional level in modern conditions. Attention is focused on the need for a harmonious combination of the main scientific principles of pedagogy with the practice of personal and professional development of the future teacher of physical culture: professional, general pedagogical and personal. The categorical apparatus, scientific novelty and practical significance of the research are determined.The research is intended to consider the theoretical foundations of the problem of personal and professional development of the future teacher, to carry out a phenomenological analysis of the category of professional development of the student's personality, to analyze the theoretical and methodological foundations of the personal and professional development of the futureteacher of physical culture in the conditions of Ukraine's entry into the European educational space; to reveal the role and place of general pedagogical training of future physical cultureteachers as a component of their personal and professional development in the pedagogical education system of Ukraine (late 20th -early 21st centuries) and the specifics of personal and professional development of future physical culture teachers at Mykhailo Kotsyubynskyi VDPU in the specified period including the present.
АВТОРСЬКИЙ ПІДХІД ДО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО СТАНОВЛЕННЯ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ В ОСВІТНЬО-ВИХОВНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ ЗВО
Authors: Каплінський Василь
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the content and features of the author's innovative approach to modeling the system of professional development of the future teacher in the educational environment of higher education institutions.In accordance with the classical understanding of the system as a complex of interrelated elements, the author's definition of the system of professional development of a teacher is given as an ordered structural and functional integrity of interrelated components, the system-forming factor of which is the image of a professional teacher, which is an important valuable reference point for a student in the educational process. The role and place of subsystems of the system are defined and substantiated: 1) target (formation of a correct and complete idea about the future profession, its attractiveness, content, features); 2) theoretical and methodological (development of theoretical and methodological positions of the process of professional formation, factors and principles that determine its success); 3) cognitive-organizational, which regulates the substantive and procedural aspects of professional formation, ensures the formation of a basic theoretical basis and professionally significant practical experienceby improving and modernizing the content of general pedagogical training and methods of its assimilation; 4) evaluative-resultative, which reflects reflective analysis, self-evaluation and self-correction of one's own experience, tracking the dynamics of the professional development of each student during their studies on the basis of appropriate diagnostic procedures.The innovative character of the model lies in the fact that the professional development of a teacher cannot take place in isolation from personal development (two activities in one). Professional development is considered as a form of personal development, which is carried out through the prism of professional activity.The developed author's model of the professional development system of the future teacher not only provides a holistic vision of this process, but also contributes to the transition to a specific action plan regarding its design and implementation in practice.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНШОМОВНОЇ КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ У СТУДЕНТІВ АГРАРНИХ ЗВО
Authors: Малик Валентина
Published: March 2023

The article proves that culture, as a social institution, determines the values and norms of people’s behavior in a specific system of social relations, ensuring their regulation and the stability of society. It is shownin the article that, despite all the variety of definitions of the studied concept, scientists tend to consider the individual as a subject of culture that preserves, spreads and creates cultural values. Culture is a multifaceted concept that touches all spheres of human activity. It is customary to understand culture as the socially progressive, creative activity of mankind in all spheres of existence and consciousness. Such concepts as «communicative culture» and «culture», which are in a state of constant interaction, were characterized.The formation of a culture of communicative behavior of an individual as a more special process includes learning specific cultural skills. It is assumed that the total socio–cultural experience indicates a higher culture of the individual, a certain degree of maturity and independence, which allows a person to be in socio-cultural interaction for a long time. The introduction of the criterion of communicative culture was connected with the clarification of the fact that it is daily communication that has a great influence on the formation of personality. Taking into account the mentioned arguments, it was proved that communicative culture is a manifestation of a person’s general culture, and more specifically, his professional culture. The communicative culture offuture specialists in agricultural specialties is a necessary condition for the effective implementation of their professional activities. Elements of students’ communicative culture include: the presence of an attitude towards the realization of one’s own abilities in the educational process; degree of readiness to cooperate with colleagues; degree of readiness to cooperate with the public; linguistic culture. It is proved that the formation of the communicative culture of future specialists is one of theleading tasks of modern science and is worth being studied in the context of interpersonal interaction, communication culture and individual behavior
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-МЕТОДИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ВЧИТЕЛІВ ПРИРОДНИЧО-МАТЕМАТИЧНИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН У ПЕРШІЙ ЧВЕРТІ ХХІ СТОЛІТТЯ
Authors: АКІМОВА ОЛЬГА , СЛУШНИЙ ОЛЕГ
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to one of the actual problems of the activity of teachers of natural and mathematical disciplines, in particular, the organizational and methodical provision of innovative activity. The article reveals the essence of such concepts as "pedagogical innovation," "innovative technologies in education," "innovative orientation of pedagogical activity," "innovative activity of a teacher," and "the latest pedagogical technologies."The main focus is on the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of innovative technologies in education in the first quarter of the 21st century. It is noted thatfor the practical implementation of science and mathematics education(STEM education) in institutions of general secondary education, it is important to focus on specific tasks, which include the following: comprehensive harmonious development of the student's personality through the development of inclinations and abilities; mastering the skills of cognitive and creative activity; education of a personality capable and motivated to study throughout life; formation of critical and creative thinking skillsand cognitive flexibility; solving complex problems; education of a scientific outlook, general culture, and value orientations; the formation of communication skills, the ability to make a conscious choice; and the desire to master the future profession;mathematical and natural literacy. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, the statement is justified that the innovative activity of teachers of natural and mathematical disciplines in the environment of STEM education in the first quarter of the 21st century includes the following directions: creation of integrated educational programs, disciplines of choice, together with stakeholders; implementing an interdisciplinary approach to solving modern practical problems; implementation of project, group, and team work of schoolchildren; the use of developmental forms of students' cognitive activity; the use of modern teaching aids, above all educational robot-designers; involvement of organizations of various levels in cooperation: academic scientific institutions, institutions of higher education; scientific laboratories; museums; nature centers; involvement of organizations of various levels in cooperation; involvement of organizations at various levels It is also noted that in the first quarter of the 21st century, STEM education is carried out mainly using such forms as a lesson, course, quest, project, hackathon, etc., in which the activities of the teacher and students are carried out in a prescribed manner.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ІНОЗЕМНОЇ МОВИ ЗА МОДУЛЬНОЮ СИСТЕМОЮ НАВЧАННЯ В УНІВЕРСИТЕТАХ РЕСПУБЛІКИ ПОЛЬЩА
Authors: Матієнко Олена , Яцишин Олег
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes the experience of training pre-service foreign languages teachers in the modular system of education at the universitiesof the Republic of Poland.The article notes that the modulation of studying courses allows students to use and combine certain academicsections in accordance with their interests, to get acquainted with the basics of scientific knowledge, to transfer the results of scientific research intopractice as efficiently as possible. The main idea of pedagogical education in Poland is the freedom of independent search, development of independent awareness and relevant personal qualities, such as: development of critical thinking, readiness for independent scientific activity, improvement of professional knowledge and its use in practice.The modular pedagogical training program consists of three modules and twelve micromodules that form a structural and functional methodological integrity. The formal structure of the module consists of its name, definition, function of the corresponding professional dimension, as well as the list of learning categories to be implemented, with the presentation of the detailed essence of education, with suggestions on the method of education, the list of tasks for the student and the list of necessary literature.The first modular group, which performs the function of creating an axiological approach in pedagogical activity, which isa basic component of all pedagogicalactivity and professional competence of a pre-service foreign languages teacher, is analyzed.The modular training program involves five stages. The first stage is the recognition and identification of the specified knowledge and experience. The second stage consists in the research realization of the task. The third stage is the presentation of the research. The fourth stage involves the acquisition of a larger theoretical base; it emphasizes the theoretical concept. The fifth stage involves the introduction of a certain section of the academic literature or a teacher’s lecture. At this stage, the requirement to identify connections between separate theoretical statements of the formal theory is important
ДУАЛЬНА СИСТЕМА ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ОСВІТИ В НІМЕЧЧИНІ: НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ
Authors: Опушко Надія
Published: March 2023

Dual vocational education is a unique and, as it turned out, promising form of training qualified specialists in many countries of the world. The study ofGerman practice of legal regulation of vocational education is important for further understanding of the essence of dual education. The study revealed the uniqueness of the functioning of the legal system in the field of dual education, which is due to both the historical preconditions for the formation and development of the dual system and the federal structure of Germany. Duality in the acquisition of vocational education is a strategic direction of the German government, which is manifested in the comprehensive legal regulation of educational issues in the dual form of education in various fields of legislative initiative. Both state institutions (the Federal Ministry of Education of Germany, trade unions, etc.) and non-governmental organizations control the organization of cooperation between students, educational institutions and educational enterprises.The article describes the legal and regulatory framework of the dual system of vocational education in Germany; the author, using the methods of generalization, systematization and comparison, using the principles of objectivity, consistency, logical presentation, analyzed the legal support of vocational education in all federal states of Germany, identified the peculiarities in the legislative regulation of dual education and the contradictions that arise in different states in the process of its organization. The study of the legal regulation of the dual form of vocational education is important for Ukraine, in its desire to implement foreign experience in the national education system, because the training of highly qualified specialists who will have not only proper practical experience in the chosen specialty upon graduation, but also a promising place of work, is an important condition for the reconstruction of the state in the post-war period.
Endoscopic endonasal transclival approach for a ventral brainstem epidermoid cyst: illustrative case
Authors: Hauser Blake M. , Gupta Saksham , Athni Tejas S. , Segar David J. , Uppaluri Ravindra , Arnaout Omar
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Intracranial epidermoid cysts are benign, slow-growing malformations that most commonly arise at the skull base. Maximizing resection of the cyst contents and the capsule reduces long-term recurrence but can be made difficult by cyst wall adherence to critical neurovascular structures. Expanded endonasal approaches (EEAs) offer an alternative to traditional open transcranial approaches for accessible epidermoid cysts. In this case report, the authors demonstrate a transclival EEA for a large, ventral brainstem epidermoid cyst.

OBSERVATIONS

A 41-year-old woman who presented with progressive headaches, diplopia, malaise, and fatigue was found to have a 4.7-cm midline, ventral brainstem epidermoid cyst. She underwent an expanded endonasal transclival approach that exposed the brainstem from the level of the dorsum sella to the tip of the basion. A near-total resection was completed with removal of all cyst contents and most of the capsular wall. Reconstruction was completed with Duragen, an autologous fat graft, and a nasoseptal flap. Postoperatively, she had a partial left cranial nerve VI palsy that remained stable 8 weeks after surgery.

LESSONS

The expanded endoscopic transclival approach can facilitate effective resection of midline, ventral epidermoid cysts.
Thermal and stress-strain state of friction pairs in ventilated disc brakes of lightweight vehicles
Authors: Dykha O. , Holenko K. , Padgurskas J. , Babak O.
Published: March 2023

The work is dedicated to the thermal behavior and stress-strain state of ventilated disc brakes installed in the lightweight vehicles (scooters, electric bikes, ATVs, etc.) using ANSYS environment in various experiment modes. Modeling of the temperature distribution in the rotor (disc) and the corresponding brake pads is determined taking into account a number of factors and input parameters during the braking operation: the amount of rotation speed, the gap between the pads and the disc, the speed of load application, thermal expansion, etc. Numerical modeling of the transient thermal and the stress fields in the area of contact between the pads and the rotor is carried out by the method of sequential thermostructural connection of the intermediate calculation states of the brake model in the ANSYS Coupled Field Transient environment. For a comprehensive assessment of brake behavior, our research considers two load approaches: constant long-term (20 s) with an influence factor in the form of thermal expansion as a result of contact pair friction; linear load from the pads on the disс with a corresponding increase in pressure up to the moment when the rotation of the system is blocked. Our research presents an assessment of the rotor ventilation channels influence on the nature of the contact spot with the brake pads (open far-field contact, sliding contact, sticking contact, etc.). In addition, it is demonstrated that despite the linear increase in pads pressure on the rotor, the graphs of temperatures, volume (thermal expansion) and stresses are of parabolic character with a disproportionate increase in indicators. Such a result forces us to come to the conclusion that it is not possible to predict the behavior of the brakes based on the analysis during a short period of time of the experiment - conducting long-term analytical studies is extremely important in the case of brakes
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A SYSTEM SUSTAINABLE LAND USE AS A KEY FACTOR OF EFFECTIVE LAND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   State Biotechnology University, POLTAVETS Anatolii
Published: March 2023

The article examines the issue of the formation of a system of sustainable land use as a key factor in the effective management of land resources in the management system of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine. Four groups of interrelated measures have been identified to improve the system of sustainable land use, in particular, improving the state of land resources of agricultural enterprises (fighting against erosion, organic fertilizers, various types of land reclamation, etc.); limiting the influence of non-agricultural industries, reducing the withdrawal of land from agricultural turnover, compensation of losses from non-agricultural users, reduction of pollution of land resources; use of vacant land suitable for agricultural purposes; rationalization of the use of the land fund from the point of view of the final results of agricultural production. It is emphasized that the most important measure for the establishment of a system of sustainable land use, a mechanism for managing land resources in the management system of agrarian enterprises is the transition to the principles of adaptive landscape farming, which is a system of forming land relations that provide for the rationalization and harmonization of the interaction of the natural components of the landscape and the activities of agrarian enterprises in the conditions of modern agro-industrial production. It was established that the transformation of land relations in accordance with the principles of adaptive landscape organization of territories means, first of all, the optimal ratio of agricultural land. Adaptive landscape farming involves: agro-ecological land typification by resources and limiting factors of soil fertility, heat, moisture, development potential of degradation processes; functional-purpose land typification with optimization of the ratio of land and the structure of cultivated areas; formation of the environmental protection infrastructure of the agricultural landscape; clarifying the specialization of the economy and the scheme of placing crop rotations on the territory on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of natural and economic resources and the efficiency of their use.
IMPACT OF NATIONAL HUMAN CAPITAL ON POPULATION MIGRATION ACTIVITY
Authors: KUZMINSKA Natalia , KOZHEMIACHENKO Olga ,   Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
Published: March 2023

The article evaluates the national human capital as a factor in the migration activity of the population. For the study, data were taken from open international and national databases Ukraine, Republic of Moldova, the Russian Federation, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Poland. The assessment of the value of human capital was carried out using the indicators-based approach. All data were divided into four groups. Two groups characterize the costs of human capital formation (intelligence, knowledge and health). The other two groups characterize the conditions for obtaining income from human capital (implementation of high-quality economic production; quality of life). Based on the collected data, a cluster analysis was carried out. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the factors that characterize the conditions for receiving income from human capital have the greatest influence on migration. The research was carried out until February 24, 2022. Therefore, they can become the basis for studying the migration activity of the population in the new military-economic and political realities.
ETYMOLOGY OF THE CONCEPT «ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE»
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, BOSA Inna
Published: March 2023

Modern changes in the social and economic situation have again actualized the issue of developing and implementing a strategy for ensuring economic security as a separate enterprise and entire industries. At present, this task is one of the most important state priorities. The modern market economy is characterized by sharp competition, the variability of the conditions of the external economic environment. This requires the heads of enterprises not only to constantly adjust their market strategy, but also significant efforts to form an effective strategy of economic security. Enterprises in a volatile market environment face the need to find fundamentally new approaches to ensuring their own economic security (regardless of the scope of the enterprise). The process of successful operation and economic development of Ukrainian enterprises largely depends on the effectiveness of their activities in the direction of ensuring economic security. The purpose of the article is to investigate the genesis of the concept of «economic security» and formulate the author’s definition of «economic security of an enterprise». To achieve this goal, it is necessary to disclose the content of the concepts «security» and «economic security», on the basis of which we formulate the definition of «economic security of an enterprise». Materials and methods. The implementation of the tasks was achieved through the morphological analysis of the concepts of «economic security of the enterprise». Results. The article analyzes the definitions of «economic security» proposed in the scientific literature. The definitions of «economic security of an enterprise» by different authors are analyzed. Proposed and justified the author’s definition of «economic security of the enterprise.» Directions for further scientific research in the context of the effectiveness of economic management of the enterprise are determined. Conclusions. The definition of «economic security» will allow to build an adequate model for assessing the economic security of an enterprise.
Evaluation of the Effects of Surgical Varicocelectomy on the Seminal Fluid Parameters in Patients with Clinical and Subclinical Varicocele
Authors: Hammadi Ibrahim J. , Saeed Ghassan Th. , Abed Tawney Read How.
Published: March 2023

Backgound: Varicoceles defined as abnormally dilated testicular veins (pampiniform plexus) of in the scrotum and it is found in approximately 15% of the general population and associated with adverse effects on the seminal fluid and fertility. According to size of that blood vessels; the varicocele is divided into clinical that are discovered in physical examination and subclinical that are only discovered by Doppler examination. It is well known that clinical varicocele affect the seminal fluid and always treated surgically as a part of treatment of infertility or because of pain or cosmetic purpose but the controversy is about the cases of subclinical varicocele and the indication of surgery and its outcome.Objective: To assess the effects of varicocelectomy on the seminal fluid parameters of patients with clinical and subclinical varicoceles.Patients and method: 80 infertile patients with varicocele included in this study 50 had clinical and 30 had subclinical diagnosed by Doppler study. Two seminal analyses were done from the patients, one before and the other 3 to 6 months after varicocelectomy.Results: a significant improvement in the sperms count was found after the operation in both clinical and subclinical varicocele but the sperm motility percentage seems to be not affected in patients with subclinical varicocele unlike the clinical cases that showed a significant improvement after varicocelectomy. There was a non-significant decrease in the percentage of sperms with abnormal morphology in both cases.Conclusion: varicocelectomy is indicated and had good outcome on the seminal fluid parameters in cases of clinical varicocele while in cases of subclinical varicocele it should be recommended only in patients with low sperm count and assisted reproductive technique must be suggested in cases of poor motility or high percentage of abnormal sperms.
Relation of the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) to left ventricular systolic function in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Abd Al-Majeed Mahasen M. , Mohammed Najeeb H. , Al Saffar Hilal B.
Published: March 2023

Background: Atherosclerosis is a diffuse disease process, being present in one vascular bed predicts its presence in the others. Ankle –Brachial Pressure Index (ABI) is a simple index related to the extent of atherosclerosis in coronary and noncoronary arterial beds, reflecting generalized atherosclerosis.Objectives: the aim of this study is to evaluate the relation of ABI to left ventricular systolic function using echocardiography in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).Patients and Methods: Sixty seven patients (67) with CAD of either sex (70% males) with mean age 58± 6 years enrolled in this study, from December 2013 till May 2014; all were referred to the Iraqi Centre for Heart Disease (I.C.H.D.) for further evaluation and management. The ABI for each leg was calculated by dividing the lowest value of the ankle systolic blood pressure (SBP) (over both dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial arteries) by the highest value of either brachial SBP by using a Doppler ultrasound. The lower of the two values was used to define the patient ABI. The ejection fraction (EF) % and fractional shortening (FS) % were determined by using trans-thoracic echocardiography. Participants were divided into two groups according to ABI results: Group І: 29 patients with abnormal low ABI (ABI ≤ 0.90) with ABI mean of 0.79±0.12 and Group ІІ: 38 patients with normal ABI (0.9< ABI ≤1.30) with ABI mean of 1.03±0.10 as a control group.Results: There were no statistically significant differences in statistics between the two groups regarding risk factors for atherosclerosis. EF% was significantly lower in group I than those in group II in such a way that the mean values of EF% was 53.41±14.72 for group I vs. 63.11±8.93 for group II with the p value = 0.003. Also ABI is correlated with the severity of left ventricular systolic dysfunction.Conclusion: ABI is a useful bedside clinical test that predicts and assess left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease.
Sciatic nerve injection injury in children: Management and outcome
Authors: Wahid Tarik A. , AbdulWahid Ali T.
Published: March 2023

Background: Sciatic nerve injury is a common complication following IM gluteal injection in children. A controversy still exists regarding management and outcome.Objective: To find the outcome of conservative and surgical treatment and compare it with other studies.Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 24 children( less than 15 years old) with sciatic nerve injection injury at the gluteal region. The child age, gender, type of injection drug, time of injury with complete neurological examination and EMG study were recorded. Conservative treatment including physiotherapy and surgical treatment including surgical exploration and neurolysis at the buttock region were done with follow-up 6 months to one year.Results: Patient’s age ranged from 6 months to 15 years; there were 18 male and 6 female. The most common IM drugs are analgesic in 40% and antibiotic in 18%. Neurological complaint was 22 foot drop (33.3%) and pain in 2 patient (8.7%). Surgery was done in 16 cases (66.6%) and 8 patients (33.3%) were treated conservatively . Outcome of surgery was good in (62.5%) and poor in (37.5).Conclusions: we recommend surgery 2-3 months after conservative treatment including physiotherapy, analgesia, and EMG follow up, if no neurological recovery occurred. The outcome of surgery was good in the child with sciatic nerve injection injury
The reaction of seeds of phytomeliorant crops under the condition of natural and technogenic salinization of soils and soils
Authors: Skipin Leonid , Gaevaya Elena , Tarasova Svetlana
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The purpose of the study is to establish the optimal and critical values of different chemisms and the degree of salinity and the corresponding indicators of osmotic pressure, pH of the medium for the germination energy and germination of seeds of alfalfa and sweet clover. Objectives of the study are to identify the parameters of 50 and 99 % death of seeds of the studied crops, taking into account the chemistry and degree of salinity, to determine the most toxic water-soluble salts in solonetzic soils and drill cuttings; to identify the degree of participation of osmotic pressure and pH of the medium for the studied options, to conduct a comparative study of chemisms and the degree of their salinity on the germination and germination of seeds of phytomeliorants. Methods. The experiments were carried out in laboratory conditions. Seeds of sweet clover of the Alsheevskiy variety and alfalfa of the Yaroslavna variety were used as the object of the study. The energy and germination of seeds were determined according to GOST 12038-84. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the parameters the average lethal dose and the dose is absolutely lethal for sweet clover and alfalfa seeds were established in relation to different salinity chemisms, represented by one easily soluble salt, identical to soil and technogenic salinization. The parameters of osmotic pressure and pH of the medium for the average lethal dose and the dose is absolutely lethal were determined for each salinity chemistry. Results. It was found that a low concentration of MgSO4 (up to 0.3 %) did not reduce the energy and germination of seeds of sweet clover and alfalfa. Sodium neutral salts (Na2SO4, NaCl) led to the loss of seed germination of sweet clover and alfalfa (the dose is absolutely lethal) at a salinity degree of 2.0–2.9 %, which corresponds to a high osmotic pressure of 8.9–13.9 atm. Sweet clover seeds had a higher capacity for maximum salinity. Under soda salinity (Na2CO3, NaHCO3), 50 % death of sweet clover and alfalfa seeds corresponded to salinity levels of solonetzes and drill cuttings of 0.09 and 0.25 %. The phenomenon corresponding to the dose is absolutely lethal was noted here, respectively, at the level of salinity of soils and drill cuttings of 0.42 and 0.95 %. It is important to take into account the average lethal dose indicator when recultivating solonetzes and drill cuttings in order to establish seeding rates and select phytomeliorant crops.