bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life of Indian Youth during 3rd Year of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Department of Psychology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India, Deb Shayana , Reddy Jayashankar ,   Department of Psychology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India, Kar Samarjit ,   Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, Sunny Aleena Maria ,   Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, India, Deb Sibnath ,   Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: February 2025

COVID-19 adversely impacted the overall well-being of the youth like others. Perceived Quality of Life (QoL) is one of the determinants of the effective involvement of youth in their studies and career success. No Indian study reported on the QoL of youth. Given this background, the present study attempted to examine the perceived QoL of Indian Youth during 3rd year of COVID-19 pandemic and its association with their background, perceived stress, worries, online teaching mode and physical activities. Seven hypotheses were formulated for verification. Data were collected using a specially designed Structured Questionnaire and WHO QoL Questionnaire after ascertaining the face validity. A group of 334 youth aged between 21-24 participated in the online study (Mean age: 22.51; SD: 2.154). Findings disclosed that the overall QoL of 19.16% (64/334) of youth was poor, while it was average for 19.16% (64/334) and high for 20.7% (69/334) youth. However, male and female youth differed significantly with respect to physical QoL only (p < 0.000). The youth who perceived stress from attending continuous online classes and staying at home had lower scores in all four domains of QoL (p < 0.001). The findings also confirmed an association between worries about future careers and catching COVID-19 and QoL. The effectiveness of the online teaching mode and clarification of queries were positively associated with QoL (p < 0.001). Interestingly, social support from family members and friends and physical exercise were found to be stress relieving and reflected in overall improved QoL (p < 0.001). The study's findings talk about promoting physical activities and introducing institution-based mental health support facilities for the youth who lack support facilities.
Disentangling the Unique Contributions of Age, Pubertal Stage, and Pubertal Hormones to White Matter Microstructure in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Curtis Mark , Yendiki Anastasia , Cheng Theresa , Omary Adam , Flournoy John Coleman , Kandala Sridhar , Sanders Ashley , Harms Michael P. , Somerville Leah , Barch Deanna
Published: February 2025

Puberty is associated with hormone level changes that influence white matter development. It remains unclear how pubertal stage and pubertal hormones uniquely relate to white matter microstructure development. Further, it is unclear if white matter tracts develop along a hierarchical sensorimotor-association (S-A) axis, similar to other aspects of brain development. We used the Human Connectome Project in Development cross-sectional sample of 1,131 youth (aged 5-21 years) to investigate unique contributions of sex, age, pubertal stage, DHEA, testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone with fractional anisotropy (FA) within canonical white matter tracts. The average S-A axis rank was calculated for tract cortical endpoints. Age was the best-fit model for 17 tracts with prefrontal, parietal, and temporal connections. The Pubertal Timing model (age-adjusted pubertal stage) was the best fit for the inferior longitudinal fasciculus. The DHEA model was the best fit for the splenium, genu, and prefrontal body of the corpus callosum. The Estradiol model was the best fit for the ventral cingulum bundle, extreme capsule, and uncinate fasciculus. The Full model was the best fit for the rostrum. The tract best fit by the Pubertal Timing model was related to sensory cortices, while the tracts best fit by hormone models were related to association cortex. Radial diffusivity explained more FA variability than axial diffusivity in all tracts, suggesting FA changes may be related to myelination. Thus, pubertal timing may be more uniquely related to white matter tract microstructure (particularly myelin) in sensory visual cortices, while pubertal hormones are more related to association-related tracts.
Holographic Telemedicine: A Narrative Review on Its Application in Brazil
Authors: Lacerda Giovana Ramalho
Published: February 2025

Holographic telemedicine emerges as a promising solution to address two critical challenges faced by healthcare in Brazil: the shortage of doctors in regions far from major urban centers and the limited opportunities for medical training. The use of immersive technologies, such as virtual reality and holography, offers an innovative way to deliver high-quality medical care to hard-to-reach locations. This article discusses the key issues involved in implementing this technology, various modalities that can be used, technical aspects, necessary infrastructure, and the economic and logistical challenges for its adoption in the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). This is a narrative review study that has not yet been completed and is in the development analysis phase.
Generalized Ideal Point Models for Robust Measurement with Dirty Data in the Social Sciences
Authors: Kubinec Robert
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a measurement tool for diverse social science data that leverages advances in Bayesian computation to develop a model that can handle mixed distributions, novel time series processes, parallelization for large datasets, and a two-stage adjustment for non-ignorable missing data. Additionally, I introduce a new estimand for the effect of covariates on latent scales, ideal point marginal effects, which reveals how an external covariate affects observable indicators via the mediation of the latent variable. I apply this model to rollcall data from the U.S. House and responses from a voter-candidate survey in Japan. For surveys, the incorporation of non-ignorable missing data can significantly change estimated latent positions of respondents. For legislative data, new time series models enable the estimation of monthly changes in Congressperson ideological trajectories from 1990 to 2018. All models are implemented in the R package idealstan, which is built on the Stan framework for Hamiltonian Markov Chain Monte Carlo inference.
Effects of synchronous chanting and identity fusion on perceived ingroup formidability, outgroup threat, and parochial altruism among soccer fans
Authors: Bortolini Tiago , Newson Martha , Moll Francisco , Latgé Sofia , Whitehouse Harvey , Moll Jorge , Fischer Ronald
Published: February 2025

Previous research indicates that social synchrony simultaneously increases ingroup bonding and prosociality, whilst also having the potential to make groups appear more formidable or threatening. However, many such studies have been carried out in artificial settings or in minimal groups which lack preexisting bonds or histories of prosocial action or intergroup rivalry. Here we investigate: 1) whether a synchronous display is perceived as more formidable by ingroups and outgroups, and more threatening by outgroups, in a real-world context involving football (soccer) fans; 2) whether these perceptions extend to behavioral decisions towards ingroups and outgroups; and 3) whether ‘identity fusion’ with the ingroup moderates these relationships. A sample of 771 Brazilian soccer fans took part in a pre-registered conceptual replication online study in which they randomly listened to either a synchronous or asynchronous soccer chant. Both ingroups and outgroups judged the synchronous stimuli to make the performers seem more formidable, but not more threatening. At the behavioral level, we found no effect for synchrony on pro-group behaviors or outgroup derogation, but there was a significant interaction indicating that highly ‘fused’ participants who perceived rival fans to be more threatening tended to engage in more outgroup hostility, even at a cost to self. These results parallel previous studies showing synchrony’s effects on perceived ingroup formidability and provide novel insights into the role of social bonding and perceived outgroup threat as contributing factors in the evolution of intergroup conflict in real world situations.
Causal inference tools for pharmacovigilance: using causal graphs to identify and address biases in disproportionality analysis.
Authors: Fusaroli Michele , Mitchell Joseph , Rudolph Annette , Rocca Elena , Fusaroli Riccardo
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Disproportionality analysis, finding associations in the co-reporting of drugs and events, is used in pharmacovigilance to detect signals of potential adverse drug reactions. Due to its susceptibility to biases, disproportionality analysis is generally relegated to hypothesis generation, and its integration into the broader evidence landscape is controversial. Objective: We showcase how Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) can enhance disproportionality analysis for causal inference and simplify its inclusion in evidence synthesis. Methods: We introduce a DAG-based causal framework to systematically address biases in disproportionality analyses (e.g. confounding, collider, measurement errors, and reporting biases). We chose case studies from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System to illustrate its application, using the Information Component as a disproportionality metric and restriction as conditioning. Results: DAGs enable the formalization of existing knowledge and causal assumptions, optimize the design of disproportionality analysis to mitigate biases – enhancing sensitivity against negative biases, and specificity against positive biases –, improve communication, and guide follow-up studies to address residual confounding. Under-characterization of reports makes so that restricting to reports mentioning the confounder is generally better than the opposite.Conclusion: Evaluating and mitigating biases with DAGs leads to more reliable and knowledge-based safety signals, reducing and mapping the gap between what we find (association) and what we look for (causation). Further research is needed to tailor DAGs to pharmacovigilance challenges, map factors underlying differential reporting bias, and develop workflows for better-integrating disproportionality analysis results into evidence synthesis.
“Raging hearts”: Recalling an Anger Incident Increases Heart Rate Variability in Men Prone to Anger
Authors: Capitao Liliana , Fagundes Catarina , Verbecke Maarten , Stavropoulou-Deli Alkistis , Folloni Davide , Pike Alexandra Claire , Van Duijvenboden Stefan , Taggart Peter , Hanson Ben , Cowen Philip , Murphy Susannah Elinor , harmer catherine
Published: February 2025

Excessive anger is linked to adverse health outcomes, including increased cardiovascular disease risk, however, its psychophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. This study examined the effect of anger on autonomic nervous system activity in male participants scoring high on trait anger. Participants underwent a laboratory-based anger induction by recalling an intensely anger-provoking event, during which heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded. The ratio of low to high-frequency HRV (LF/HF-HRV) was used to assess sympathovagal balance. Results showed a significant increase in LF/HF-HRV during anger recall relative to baseline, suggesting heightened sympathetic activation. Higher self-reported symptoms of anger and aggression pre-induction were associated with greater LF/HF-HRV reactivity during anger recall, while better anger control was linked to reduced LF/HF-HRV. Despite the methodological challenges in measuring HRV, this study provides novel insights into the psychophysiological mechanisms that may underlie the broader relationship between anger and cardiovascular health.
HOLLOW TREE: Harnessing Online Learning with Large-language-model Oriented Web-apps for Teaching, Research, Evaluation, and Engagement
Authors: Van Camp PJ , Gehlenborg Nils , Hollander Aimee
Published: February 2025

Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI), in particular the applications of large language models (LLMs), have opened new avenues for enhancing educational experiences. One such opportunity is for students to engage with AI to help review concepts taught in class. In this paper, we introduce the HOLLOW TREE project or Harnessing Online Learning with Large-language-model Oriented Web-apps for Teaching, Research, Evaluation, and Engagement. The system comprises two interconnected applications. The first one is SCUIRREL or Science Concept Understanding via Interactive Reinforcing Review by Educational Large-language-model. SCUIRREL is a chatbot that will assist students in reviewing specific course topics though engaging in a guided conversation. The second, instructor-facing, application is called ACCORNS or Admin Control Center Organising the Resources Needed for SCUIRREL. Here instructors can upload relevant course materials and create or manage specific topics that SCUIRREL should review with the students. By providing a set of concepts (i.e. key takeaways) for each topic, the instructor provides SCUIRREL with specific guidance on what aspects of a topic to review with the students. In addition, ACCORNS can assist in generating quiz questions based on the provided topics that after instructor validation can be accessed by students in SCUIRREL as an additional way of assessing content understanding.Leveraging techniques such as prompt engineering and retrieval augmented generation, the system ensures that tutoring interactions remain focused on course-specific objectives while dynamically adapting to the learner’s level of understanding. Preliminary evaluations—including beta testing with experienced educators and a pilot classroom trial—demonstrate the potential of the HOLLOW TREE apps to enhance learning outcomes, promote student engagement, and provide valuable data for assessing both technical performance and educational impact. Our findings underscore the promise of integrating AI-driven tutoring with robust instructor control, while also highlighting challenges related to user adaptation and AI literacy. Future work will focus on refining the system, expanding its applications to various educational contexts, and conducting comprehensive evaluations to further validate its effectiveness as a tool for modern education.
Subtemperate sliding reduces period of ice stream variability in a simple model
Authors: Mann Logan , Meyer Colin , Robel Alexander , Mantelli Elisa
Published: February 2025

Understanding the formation and evolution of fast flowing ice streams is essential to projecting the centennial-scale response of ice sheets to climate forcings. Slow flowing glaciers or stagnant ice streams can slide at low velocities over a bed that is below the bulk melting point of ice, dissipating small amounts of frictional heat. This phenomenon is typically referred to as subtemperate sliding, and it complicates the assumed dichotomy between frozen and thawed beds embedded in many large-scale process-based ice sheet models. In this study, we allow for subtemperate sliding in a simple ice stream box model to investigate frictional heat dissipation at frozen ice-bed interfaces. We find that including subtemperate sliding leads to non-negligible frictional heat dissipation, which can accelerate sliding and lead to runaway acceleration of stagnant ice streams. These results suggest that subtemperate sliding and the associated thermo-frictional feedback occurs in longer timescales characterizing Heinrich events. On shorter, centennial timescales, subtemperate sliding is likely an important physical process to consider in modeling the potential reactivation of stagnant ice streams like Kamb Ice Stream.
Psychological and Cognitive Correlates of Suicidal Ideation Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Carmichael Jai , Samiotis Alexia , Andrews Kayla , Carminati Jao-Yue , Johnston Lisa , Spitz Gershon , Gould Kate Rachel , Ponsford Jennie
Published: February 2025

Objective: While psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety) are well-established predictors of suicidal ideation in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), the roles of other psychological and cognitive factors remain underexplored. This study examined associations between suicidal ideation and emotional-processing difficulties, coping strategies, resilience, and cognitive functioning in individuals with moderate-severe TBI.Method: Data from 106 individuals with moderate-severe TBI were analyzed. Suicidal ideation and emotional distress were assessed using the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), respectively. Participants also completed measures of emotional lability and detachment (Comprehensive Assessment of Traits Relevant to Personality Disorders [CAT-PD]), coping (Coping Scale for Adults), resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale), and cognitive functioning, including subjective (CAT-PD, Brief Rating of Executive Function) and objective measures (Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone). Spearman’s correlations and structural equation modeling were used to examine psychological and cognitive correlates of suicidal ideation.Results: Suicidal ideation was positively associated with emotional lability, emotional detachment, non-productive coping, and self-reported cognitive problems, and negatively associated with resilience. Structural equation models indicated that emotional distress accounted for 76–100% of these associations. Conversely, suicidal ideation was not significantly associated with adaptive coping or objective cognitive performance.Conclusions: Emotional processing, non-productive coping strategies, low resilience, and self-reported cognitive problems are linked to suicidal ideation in individuals with moderate-severe TBI, primarily through their associations with emotional distress. Findings underscore the importance of addressing emotional distress, including depression and anxiety, and its underlying contributors in suicide prevention for this population.
The Paradox of Certainty: When Graphed Ensembles Convey Averages Better than Graphed Averages
Authors: Wang Yang , Kerns Sarah Horan , Brady Timothy F. , Wilmer Jeremy Bennet
Published: February 2025

Despite the ubiquity of averages in data visualizations, theyoften lead to systematic misinterpretations, such as the "bartip-limit error," where viewers mistakenly infer the top of a baras the upper bound rather than the mean. We examined whethervisualizing raw data improves average estimation byleveraging ensemble perception—the human ability to extractstatistical summaries from multiple elements. In a withinsubjectsstudy, participants judged averages across bar plots,line plots, cloud plots, sinaplots, and hybrid "bar + cloud" plots.Results show that while bar and line plots explicitly markaverages, they frequently induce systematic errors. In contrast,cloud and sinaplots do not guarantee more precise meanjudgments but provide essential distributional context,reducing errors associated with bar and line plots. Our findingschallenge the assumption that explicit averages alone ensureaccurate interpretation and emphasize the necessity ofvisualizing raw data to mitigate errors.
Negative emotion reduces the temporal compression of events in episodic memory
Authors: D'Argembeau Arnaud , Colson Charline
Published: February 2025

Recent studies have revealed that the continuous flow of information that characterizes naturalistic events is temporally compressed in episodic memory, so that remembering an event takes less time than the duration of the past episode. However, the specific characteristics of an event that influence its temporal compression in memory remain poorly understood. In the present study, we examined the extent to which the emotional nature of events impacts their rate of compression in memory representations. We conducted two experiments in which participants were instructed to mentally replay a series of videos depicting negative or neutral events. The results showed that the course of emotional events was less compressed in memory than that of neutral events: the time taken to mentally replay a video, relative to the actual video duration, was significantly longer for negative than for neutral videos. In addition, compression rates were predictive of the subjective quality of memory. Taken together, these results suggest that negative emotion increases the sampling rate of the units of experience that represent the course of events, leading to a lower compression of events in memory representations.
LGBTQ+ Youth Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Support in Schools
Authors: Szkody Erica , Moussa Rogers Mary , Hobaica Steven , Gorkin Alyssa , Schleider Jessica L.
Published: February 2025

Youth who identify as LGBTQ+ continue to report significant challenges to their wellbeing in schools (e.g., bullying, lack of representation in staff and curricula, and discrimination). The current study employed a large, diverse sample of LGBTQ+ youth to explore the types of support they reported receiving in schools. A fixed, embedded mixed-methods approach was utilized resulting in quantitative results contextualized by nine major themes. Quantitative findings illuminated that more than half of respondents reported that two or more teachers were supportive of their sexual orientation and gender identity, although youth of color and youth with gender-diverse identities reported lower likelihood of support. Themes included safety, lack of consistency, limited disclosure, programmatic silence, inclusion, representation, harmful legislation, transphobia, and youth recommendations. Triangulation of results suggest LGBTQ+ youth are receiving more school supports in response to their needs and have further recommendations for sustained efforts in positive directions (e.g., affiliate clubs) and improvement in others (e.g., agency in self-disclosure).
Motivational Profiles in Mathematics - Stability and Links with Educational and Emotional Outcomes
Authors: Widlund Anna , Tuominen Heta , Korhonen Johan
Published: February 2025

Grounding on the situated expectancy-value theory, this study investigated stability and change in adolescent students' (N = 508) motivational profiles in mathematics (self-concept, values, costs) during the last year of comprehensive education, and how these changes relate to relevant educational outcomes (mathematics performance and aspirations) and students’ emotional distress (study-related exhaustion and depressive symptoms). Latent profile and latent transition analyses revealed four motivational profiles among students: Positively ambitious (high competence and value beliefs, low costs, T1: 34%/ T2: 32%), Struggling ambitious (high competence and value beliefs, high costs, T1: 25%/T2: 25%), Indifferent (low competence and value beliefs, low costs, T1: 22%/T2: 21%), and Maladaptive (low competence and value beliefs, high costs, 19%/22%). Although some fluctuations were detected in profile memberships within the school year, most of the students (80%) displayed stable mathematics motivation across ninth grade. Students who remained Positively ambitious also performed well, aspired for an education that required high mathematical skills, and experienced the least emotional distress, whereas students in the most negative motivational profile (Maladaptive) showed the opposite patterns. However, students who experienced high math-related costs, despite having positive value beliefs, performance, and aspirations (i.e., Struggling ambitious), also experienced one of the highest levels of study-related exhaustion and depressive symptoms. Elevated levels of exhaustion and depressive symptoms were systematically associated with negative motivational transitions in general (i.e., moving from Positively ambitious to Struggling ambitious, or from Indifferent to Maladaptive), highlighting the importance of reducing perceived study-related costs in schools and supporting students' well-being.
The Need for Scientific Coordination
Authors: Rasti Sajedeh , Vaesen Krist , Lakens Daniel
Published: February 2025

Science is becoming ever more complex, and this calls for a systematic change. In this opinion piece, we discuss why the current scientific structure impedes progress on complex challenges and highlight seven key reasons why improved coordination is essential. It helps to: tackle complex questions, enhance specialization and the quality of work, support careers for team players, resolve long-standing scientific disagreements, improve the cumulative nature of science, and increase transparency. We argue that now, more than ever, coordination deserves focused discussion within the scientific community.
Multiple imputation of multilevel data with single-level models: A fully conditional specification approach using adjusted group means
Authors: Grund Simon , Lüdtke Oliver , Robitzsch Alexander
Published: February 2025

Missing data are a common challenge in multilevel designs, and multiple imputation (MI) is often used for handling them. Past research has shown that multilevel MI provides an effective treatment of missing data, so long as the imputation model takes the multilevel structure and the intended analyses into account, and modern methods have been developed that can accommodate even complex types of analyses. However, multilevel MI can be difficult to apply in practice, where the multilevel structure is often not very pronounced or not of immediate interest in the analysis. In these applications, existing methods can become unstable and often struggle to provide reliable results. In this article, we introduce a fully conditional specification approach to multilevel MI that combines single-level imputation methods with group means (GM) or adjusted group means (AGM) to accommodate the multilevel structure. Based on a theoretical investigation and three simulation studies, we evaluated the performance of these methods in different applications, including applications with balanced designs, unbalanced designs, and larger numbers of variables. Our findings suggest that the AGM approach—though not the GM approach—performs well in most of the scenarios we investigated and can even outperform conventional approaches to multilevel MI in challenging applications. We also provide an illustrative example for the implementation of these methods in a simulated example, and we discuss the implications of our findings for practice.
Digital Innovations in Teacher Recruitment: An Experimental Study
Authors: Klassen Robert M. , Wang Hui , Cutting Joe , Thompson-Lee Sophie , Snell Rebecca , See Beng Huat , Saiger Michael John
Published: February 2025

Teacher shortages are a serious challenge in many countries, made worse by declining enrolments in initial teacher education (ITE) programs and growing competition for talented young people making career decisions. To address this challenge, we developed and tested two digital interventions—a persuasive game (TeachQuest) and a realistic job preview (RJP)—designed to enhance undergraduate students’ teaching interest, teaching self-efficacy, and perceptions of fit with the profession. In a two-phase experimental study (N = 957), undergraduate participants were randomly assigned to TeachQuest, the RJP, or a control condition. Results from Phase 1 showed that both interventions increased participants’ interest and perceived fit with teaching, with the RJP also improving teaching self-efficacy. In Phase 2, results from a delayed post-test (six weeks later; N = 572) indicated that while motivation-related outcomes remained higher than pre-test levels, changes were non-linear, with TeachQuest sustaining interest through participants’ immersion experiences and the RJP maintaining self-efficacy through mastery experiences. Our findings suggest that immersive game-based recruitment interventions may be particularly effective in informing and engaging potential applicants, whereas RJPs may be useful in reinforcing confidence in teaching. The study provides new insights informing the design of scalable, evidence-based teacher recruitment tools that align with the interests and digital-focused lives of prospective applicants for ITE programs.
Pricing and Informality: Evidence from Energy Theft in Brazil
Authors: Resende Davi , Richter Gabriel , Sant'Anna Marcelo , Trindade André
Published: February 2025

In certain settings, goods can be consumed outside of formal markets (e.g.: theft, counterfeit, or illegal sharing of subscriptions). When the share of informality is large, firms’ pricing decisions can be substantially affected, as the extensive margin - customers migrating to informal consumption - makes demand more elastic. We study this question in the context of electricity theft in Brazil, where stolen energy can represent more than 50% of the total formal market. We use detailed micro data from a major electric utility to estimate a structural model where consumers choose if they want to be formal or informal and then, how much to consume. For identification, we leverage a natural experiment where prices increased permanently to a set of consumers. We use the model to simulate counterfactual scenarios where: (i) theft is not possible, and (ii) the firm uses different pricing strategies. We find that the presence of informality increases the elasticity of demand from 0.24 to 0.39, and reduces monopoly optimal prices by 10.4%. Eliminating theft altogether would allow the firm to reduce prices by 17.7% while keeping profits constant. We also find that price discrimination is an effective tool to reduce informality rates.
Understanding the Gen Z: Facilitating the Learners in the Literature Classroom
Authors: Regmi Bhim Nath
Published: February 2025

This paper delves into the examination and comprehension of Z learners in the context of Nepalese higher educational institutions and focuses on motivating and facilitating their learning experiences. The objective of it is to provide an overview of learning literature as a part of supporting and empowering learners professionally in their educational pursuits. It draws upon information from both primary and secondary sources to explore the application of the activity theory model in higher education, serving as a theoretical framework to understand the collaborative learning approach of Gen Z. The study is unique in its setting, specifically targeting students at the Master's level. Its findings are based on a limited sample size of twenty-five students from three different locations in the Kathmandu Valley and Koshi Province. Consequently, the generalization of the results is inherently constrained to the context of Tribhuvan University. The study informs and prepares the Nepalese academic community about the characteristics of Gen Z, making academic leaders aware of the landscape of higher education in Nepal. At the core of this investigation, the pivotal question is concerning true classroom learning enhances the students. If the answer is affirmative, the paper further explores the effective utilization of curricula to engage learners in their educational journey.
Politics of Geography: Kapilavastu’s Capital Debate
Authors: Thapa Prem
Published: February 2025

The site of ancient Kapilavastu of Shakya Kingdom has been a contentious space for one hundred and twenty-four years now. The issue has not been about the geography of the Kapilavastu, but the location of the Capital of Kapilavastu. In 1896, Dr. Anton Fuhrer discovered Tilaurakot, located in Southwest Tarai of Nepal, as an archaeological site and claimed it to be the capital of Sakya Kingdom. Two years later, in 1898, a British Colonial engineer William C. Peppe discovered a buried stupa in his estate at Piprahawa, India, some twenty kilometers south of Tilaurakot of Nepal. Following the discovery of a relic vase in the buried stupa, the British-Indian authority claimed the site to be the capital of ancient Kapilavastu. Since, the authorities of both Nepal and India have been claiming the site of the capital is located in their own respective territory which gave rise to the ongoing debate. This paper explores the reason for the controversy over the location of Kapilavastu’s capital. On the surface, the contention on the location of the capital palace of the Shakya Kingdom appears to have grown from the differing views on the archaeological evidences discovered so far. However, the research work, archaeological reports, and literature written on both, Piprahawa and Tilaurakot, Buddhist heritage sites share one common point – the political interference in the narrative of the geography of the site located. Moreover, a critical analysis of the literature and reports written on Kapilavastu reveals how archaeological reports have been influenced by the geopolitical interests. This paper concludes that the politics of geography has been sustaining the controversy, rather than helping to resolve it.
Scholastic Tradition and Perpetuation of Knowledge in Buddhism of Medieval Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Thapa Shanker , Luitel Rupa
Published: February 2025

Buddhist manuscripts are the literary heritage and source of Buddhist spirituality extant in Pālī, Sanskrit, Chinese, and Tibetan languages. Nepal has marked extraordinary development of Buddhist scholarship during the medieval times. Nepali Pandits became famous far and wide. Development of Buddhist scholarship largely contributed in Buddhist intellectuality and manuscript culture. Newār Buddhists enormously contributed in Sanskrit manuscript writing that turned Kathmandu valley into an abode of Sanskrit Mss. They are the only extant original textual sources of Sanskrit Buddhism. In modern century, scholars and monks arrived in Nepal to procure manuscripts. It later developed modern scholarship in Mahāyāna Buddhism. It also helped to create manuscripts repositories in India, Tibet China, Japan, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Denmark, Sweden, Russia, and so on. The scholarly tradition gradually came to an end. Manuscript culture remained in sets of performing book rituals. Manuscripts remained only as ritual objects in Nepal.
A Brief History of Buddhism in Tibet
Authors: Tuladhar Ushnish Tara
Published: February 2025

According to Tibetan Buddhist history, there is a legend that Buddhism was first introduced in Tibet in the 4th century A.D. in the reign of King Lha Thothori gNyan bTsan. However, historians claims that Buddhism entered at the time of King Srong-btsan-sgam-po in the 7thcentury A.D. The purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of the major historical occurrences that shaped Tibetan Buddhism. The aim of the paper is to examine how Buddhism was introduced to Tibet during the seventh century. Through an analysis of relevant literature, I intend to shed light on the development of Buddhism throughout the centuries. Buddhism took its roots during the reign of King Khri-srong-Ide-btsan in the 8th century A.D. At this time, Samye, the first Buddhist monastery, and the first Buddhist order were established in Tibet. Tibetan Buddhism was developed after the arrival of the great Buddhist tantric, Padmasambhava. Till today, Mahayana and Vajrayana (Tantric/Esoteric Buddhism) are practiced in Tibetan Buddhism. Although King Lang Dar-ma (9th century A.D.) tried to eliminate Buddhism from Tibet, it was purified in the 11th century A.D. by the efforts of the great Indian Master Atisa Dipankar Srijnana. Another important event in Tibetan Buddhist History was the formulation of Tibetan Buddhist Canon, Bkah-hgyur and Bstan-hgyur in 11th century A.D. Ultimately several Buddhist sects and sub-sects became established in Tibetan Buddhism based on teachings of different Buddhist Masters. Reincarnation of Karmapa, Shamarpa, Dalai Lama, and Panchen Lama is institutionalized in Tibetan Buddhism.
कपिलवस्तु पहिचानका केही ऐतिहासिक आधारहरू
Authors: वज्राचार्य Bajracharya गौतमवीर Gautambir
Published: February 2025

ई.पू. सातौँ/आठौँ शताब्दीको कालखण्डमा साकेत (अयोध्या) बाट विस्थापित भएका इक्ष्याकु वंशका राजकुमारहरूले शाक्य नामको नौलो जातीय अस्तित्व कपिलवस्तुमा स्थापित गरे । तिनै शाक्यहरूले गौतम ऋषि कपिलमुनिको आश्रम क्षेत्रलाई विकास र विस्तार गर्दै कपिलवस्तु शाक्यगणराज्यका रूपमा छुट्टै पहिचान दिलाउन सफल भए । गौतम ऋषि कपिलमुनिलाई गुरुको रूपमा स्वीकार गर्दै शाक्य जातिले आफूहरूलाई गुरुको नामबाट गौतम गोत्र भनी पहिचान दिलाए । यसै गोत्रका राजा सिंहहनुका पाँच छोराहरूमध्येका राजा शुद्धोदनका छोराका रूपमा सिद्धार्थ गौतमको जन्म भएको हो । उनी राज्य छाडेर प्रब्रजित भई सम्यक सम्मबुद्ध भएका हुन् । बुद्धबाट श्रावस्तीको जेतवनस्थित करेरीकुटीमा रहेका भिक्षु संघलाई आफ्नो पूर्व जन्मसम्बन्धी व्याख्या गर्ने सिलसिलामा आफू गौतम गोत्रका हूँ भनेर परिचय गराएको कुरा विभिन्न बौद्ध साहित्यहरूमा उल्लेख छ । सम्राट अशोकले कपिलवस्तुमा अवस्थित कोणागमन बुद्धको निग्लिहवा र क्रकुछन्द बुद्धको गोटिहवामा पुगी उनीहरूको बारेमा लोकले जानून् र बुभूmन् भनी सोही स्थानमा स्तम्भ र स्तूपा निर्माण गर्न लगाएका थिए । पछिका दिनहरूमा शुङ्ग, कुशान, गुप्त, पालसेनकालका महŒवपूर्ण कलाकृतिका सामाग्री त्यहाँ उपलब्ध हुनुले समकालीन व्यक्तित्वहरूको कपिलवस्तुमा उपस्थित रहेको पुष्टि हुन्छ । दोस्रो शताब्दीपछिका चिनिया यात्री फाहियान र ह्वेन्साङ्ले कपिलवस्तुको वस्तुगत पहिचान पुष्टि गर्ने कार्यमा विशेष महŒवपूर्ण भूमिका खेलिदिएका थिए । अठारौँ शताब्दीपछिका दिनहरूमा बुद्ध धर्म र दर्शनको चर्चा विश्वमाझ हुन थाल्यो, यसै सिलसिलामा पश्चिमा मुलुकका पुरातात्विक अन्वेषकहरू सर्वप्रथम कपिलवस्तु र लुम्बिनीको पहिचान गर्न उत्साहित भए ।  यसै सिलसिलामा ए.फुहररलाई स्थानीय थारु समुदायहरूले घना जङ्गलभित्र निग्लिहवा स्तम्भ देखाइदिए । भारत सरकारका पुरातात्विक सर्वेक्षक बाबु पूर्णचन्द्र मुखर्जीले सन् १८९९ मा तिलौराकोटको दरबार, लुम्बिनी क्षेत्र र भारतमा रहेको पिपरहवा क्षेत्रकोे अन्वेषण गरेर तिलौराकोट दरबार नै वास्तविक कपिलवस्तु हो भनी प्रमाणित गरिदिए ।
Capítulo octavo: la génesis de la materia
Authors: Manzano Vargas Jorge
Published: February 2025

Manzano Vargas, Jorge. Capítulo octavo: La génesis de la materia. En este capítulo Jorge Manzano aborda uno de los desarrollos más polémicos de Bergson. La tesis principal es que la génesis de la inteligencia y de la materialidad es una misma, que el mismo movimiento engendra la intelectualidad del espíritu y la materialidad de las cosas. El análisis de Manzano enfatiza que la tergiversación de este postulado surgió, en buena medida, de la difundida versión popular de la concepción kantiana según la cual la inteligencia es inseparable de la espacialidad. Por el contrario, Bergson, lejos de dar por supuesto el espacio, afirma que la génesis del espacio es la génesis de la materia y que tanto ésta como la inteligencia son manifestaciones de la corriente vital, constituyen la marcha del élan finito que participa del poder creador. Así, lo que sobresale es la perspectiva histórica y evolutiva con la cual Bergson intentó comprender el mundo: acción, vida, movimiento y libertad son inseparables.
DUKUNGAN SOSIAL BAGI ORANG DENGAN HIV AIDS (ODHIV) MELALUI APLIKASI GO ZERO BERBASIS SMARTPHONE (PROTOTIP) MENGGUNAKAN METODE TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (TAM)
Authors: Esterilita Mari , Yusuf Husmiati
Published: February 2025

Kebutuhan  aplikasi Go Zero ini berawal pada masa Covid-19 dimana ODHIV merupakan salah satu kelompok rentan terpapar oleh virus Covid-19. Pembatasan sosial dalam pelayanan Kesehatan juga membatasi layanan bagi ODHIV dalam pengambilan obat serta layanan konseling. Pengembangan aplikasi dalam dunia Kesehatan tidak hanya membantu para pasien dalam mengakses layanan Kesehatan, tapi juga mempermudah tenaga Kesehatan dalam monitoring dan memberikan layanan. Pekerja Sosial memiliki peran dalam mengadvokasi dan meningkatkan dukungan sosial bagi kelompok rentan, termasuk kelompok HIV/IADS. Dukungan sosial dengan perkembangannya tidak hanya diberikan secara langsung namun juga dapat dilakukan berbasis teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dukungan sosial bagi ODHIV melalui aplikasi GO ZERO berbasis smarthphone menggunakan Metode Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) yang terdiri dari 4 Aspek yakni Kegunaan yang dirasakan (Perceived Usefulness),kemudahan penggunaan yang dirasakan ( perceived ease of Use),sikap terhadap penggunaan  (attitude toward using), dan niat perilaku untuk menggunakan (behavioral intention to use). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Kuantitatif  melalui pendekatan TAM yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Jumlah Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 orang yang dipilih dengan Teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan Data yakni melalui kuisioner dan Studi Kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ODHIV sangat setuju dan menerima aplikasi Go Zero dengan aspek persepsi kemanfaatan (perceived usefulness) (PU) dengan persentase 82,5%. Aspek Sikap Terhadap penggunaan (Attitude Toward Using )(AT) dengan persentase 82,8%. Aspek kemudahan penggunaan (Perceived ease of use) (PE) dengan persentase 85,67%. aspek Intensitas Perilaku penggunaan (Behavioral Intention to Use )  (BI) dengan persentase 83,06%. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa dukungan sosial ODHIV melalui aplikasi GO ZERO Berbasis smartphone dapat  mencegah kegagalan terapi antiretroviral dan meningkatkan kepatuhan ODHIV dalam minum ARV. Hasil analisis penerimaan responden terhadap Aplikasi GO ZERO tinggi sehingga dapat dikembangkan dalam meningkatkan dukungan sosial bagi ODHIV.
Implementasi Terapi Realitas WDEP+AC Terhadap Peningkatan Kontrol Diri Korban Penyalahgunaan Napza di Yayasan Sekar Mawar
Authors: Khair Ummul , Supiadi Epi , Hakim Moch. Zaenal
Published: February 2025

Terapi realitas WDEP+AC adalah terapi dengan prosedur Want, Doing, Evaluation, Planing, Acceptance, dan Commitment. Terapi realitas WDEP+AC merupakan pengembangan Terapi Realitas Want, Doing, Evaluation. Terapi Realitas WDEP+AC menggunakan pendekatan kognitif yang bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh terapi realitas WDEP+AC terhadap peningkatan kontrol diri korban penyalahgunaan napza di Yayasan Sekar Mawar. Tujuan khusus  penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis tingkat kontrol diri korban penyalahgunaan napza sebelum, selama dan setelah Implementasi Terapi Realitas WDEP+AC. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Single subject Design (SSD) pendekatan kuantitatif dengan model eksperimen. dengan desain Reversal A-B-A. Perilaku sasaran yang di observasi yaitu perilaku malas, tidak dapat mengekpresikan dirinya, dan mudah terdistraksi/tidak dapat menentukan prioritas. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, kuesioner dan studi dokumentasi. Subjek yaitu tiga orang korban penyalahgunaan napza di Yayasan Sekar Mawar yang merupakan residen rawat inap, sudah tidak ketergantungan napza, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, dan memiliki perilaku kurang kontrol diri. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang telah dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Terapi Realitas WDEP+AC efektif untuk meningkatkan kontrol diri korban penyalahgunaan napza di Yayasan Sekar Mawar. Dibuktikan dengan penurunan perilaku ketiga orang subjek penelitian yaitu ES, DK, dan BG. Terapi Realitas WDEP+AC dapat menjadi referensi dalam penyempurnaan konsep terapi realitas dan berkontribusi dalam memberikan pengembangan model terapi realitas dalam praktik pekerjaan sosial dengan NAPZA
TERAPI NOURISH-ART BAGI GANGGUAN KECEMASAN PADA REMAJA KORBAN KEKERASAN FISIK DAN SEKSUAL DI SENTRA HANDAYANI JAKARTA
Authors: Nurhayati Tuti , Rinda Andayani Rini Hartini , Rustanto Bambang
Published: February 2025

Permasalahan  yang di alami oleh remaja korban kekerasan fisik dan seksual terkadang membuat para pekerja sosial membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama untuk bisa memahami kondisinya, karena  korban yang belum mau terbuka dan masih mengalami gangguan kecemasan. Nourishment dan Art Therapy menjadi salah satu terapi psikososial yang paling sering di terapkan oleh pekerja sosial di Sentra Handayani Jakarta terhadap klien yang mengalami permasalahan tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil asesemen yang di lakukan terhadap praktik Nourishment yang di terapkan pekerja sosial, masih terdapat beberapa permasalahan dan kebutuhan yang pada akhirnya membutuhkan solusi agar Nourishment mampu berjalan dengan efektif dan efisien. Adapun rekayasa teknologi yang di rancang adalah Terapi Nourish-Art yang merupakan pengembangan dari Nourishment dan Art Therapy. Tujuan penerapan terapi Nourish-Art ini yakni untuk menurunkan tingkat kecemasan dan klien mampu mengungkapkan permasalahan unfinished bussinesnya. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan adalah metode penilitan SSD dengan menggunakan tiga subjek penelitian. Adapun hasil dari penelitian tersebut dilihat dari analisis dan observasi terhadap ketiga subjek penelitian pada aspek tidak fokus dan aspek tidur tidak nyenyak mengalami penurunan tingkat kecemasan pada setiap kondisi berdasarkan kecenderungan arah grafik, analisis data dalam kondisi dan antar kondisi yang di tampilkan, yang artinya penerapan terapi Nourish-Art dapat menurunkan tingkat kecemasan remaja korban kekerasan fisik dan seksual di Sentra Handayani Jakarta.
PENGARUH TERAPI ASSERTIVE TRAINING DAN TERAPI KELUARGA STRATEGIS DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERBUKAAN DIRI ANAK BERHADAPAN DENGAN HUKUM KEPADA ORANG TUA ASUH DI SENTRA HANDAYANI JAKARTA
Authors: Sabaruddin Sitti Alawiyah , Aritonang Admiral Nelson , Marbun Jumayar
Published: February 2025

Children's self-disclosure in dealing with the law (ABH) is not only influenced by the subject's internal factors but is also influenced by the environment. The self-disclosure of children in contact with the law (ABH) at the Handayani Center is included in the moderate category where they are only open with social workers and other children, so it is necessary to implement a combination of assertive training therapy and strategic family therapy. This research aims to determine the subject's level of self-disclosure before, during and after the implementation of therapy and to determine the effect of implementing assertive training therapy and strategic family therapy. This research uses a quantitative approach with an experimental method or Single Subject Design (SSD) A-B-A model. Data collection was carried out by interviews, filling out questionnaires and observation. This research uses analysis within conditions and analysis between conditions. Through assessment and pre-test, it was discovered that the three subjects had a moderate level of self-disclosure. The results of the research show that there is a change in the level of self-disclosure of Children in Conflict with the Law (ABH) to foster parents. This can be seen from the subjects starting to frequently ask to talk and tell stories, being able to choose the right time to talk, the amount of information given and telling people about their problems. foster parents. This increase is also proven by the results of analysis within conditions and between conditions which show an increasing trend, increasing data traces, increasing levels of change and smaller data overlap. Apart from that, the results of measurements using a questionnaire (post-test) show a significant increase in scores. quite significant.