bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laser Performance and Spectral Behavior of a Cryogenic Diode-Pumped 3-µm Er:YLF
Authors: Ter-Gabrielyan Nikolay , Fromzel Viktor , Dubinskii Mark
Published: December 2023

We performed, what is believed to be, the first-time analysis of spectral and polarization kinetic of cryogenically cooled, pulsed 3-µm Er:YLF laser. As a result, we achieved an over 5-fold improvement in laser performance vs RT operation.
Faraday isolator for a kilowatt-class pulsed laser
Authors: Vojna David , Slezák Ondřej , Pilař Jan , Divoký Martin , Denk Ondřej , Hanuš Martin , Navrátil Petr , Smrž Martin , Lucianetti Antonio , Mocek Tomáš
Published: December 2023

We report on the first-ever demonstration of a Faraday isolator for a large- aperture high-energy pulsed laser. The isolator exhibits a stable isolation ratio of 30.46 dB with the 100 J/10 Hz/10 ns pulses at 1030 nm.
Intracavity Spectral Broadening Using Cascaded Quadratic Nonlinearities
Authors: Feng Chengyong , Holcomb Robert , Jenkins Gregory W. , Dorrer Christophe , Bromage Jake
Published: December 2023

We introduce cascaded quadratic nonlinearities in the regenerative amplifier to enable simultaneous ultrashort-pulse amplification and spectral broadening with positive or negative net nonlinearity. We demonstrate a nonlinearity-tunable Yb:YAG thin-disk regenerative amplifier producing millijoule-level, sub-200-fs pulses.
High-Energy, Narrow-Linewidth Thulium-Doped All-Fiber Amplifier With Active Pulse Shaping
Authors: Solomon Joel M. , Anderson Brian , Baker Colin C. , Rhonehouse Daniel , Sanghera Jasbinder , Flores Angel
Published: December 2023

A 1.95 μm high-energy nanosecond thulium-doped all-fiber amplifier is demonstrated producing multi-mJ pulses. Phase modulation was used to suppress stimulated Brillouin scattering and maintain narrow linewidth operation for potential compatibility with beam combining architectures.
Robust post-compression of multi-mJ pulses at 800 nm central wavelength with a single thin YAG plate
Authors: Nagymihály Roland S. , Pajer Viktor , Lehotai Levente , Bohus János , Malakzadeh Abdollah , Kiss Bálint , Börzsönyi Ádám , Kalashnikov Mikhail
Published: December 2023

5 mJ, 25 fs laser pulses at 800 nm central wavelength were post-compressed, for the first time, in a single thin YAG plate to 8.3 fs with 3 mJ output energy with high beam quality.
High-precision measurement of the period chirp of pulse compression gratings
Authors: Bienert Florian , Graf Thomas , Ahmed Marwan Abdou
Published: December 2023

We present the development of a setup dedicated to the measurement of the period chirp of optical gratings and the exemplary characterization of two pulse compression gratings fabricated with LIL and SBIL.
Microchip Laser Started, 1-MW Peak Power Mamyshev Oscillator at 1 μm
Authors: Gotti Riccardo , Carrà Luca , Pizzurro Sara , Piccinno Giuliano , Agnesi Antonio , Pirzio Federico
Published: December 2023

A hybrid single/double-clad Mamyshev ring-oscillator was reliably started by a 1064-nm PQS microchip laser. At 5-W pump-power we obtained 12-MHz repetition rate, ~115-nJ mode-locked pulses with >65-nm FWHM spectrum and 50-fs duration after compression.
Modelocked thin-disk laser oscillator providing more than 400 W average output power with a replicating cavity design
Authors: Seidel Moritz , Lang Lukas , Phillips Christopher R. , Keller Ursula
Published: December 2023

We demonstrate an ultrafast thin-disk laser oscillator providing 410 W average power with a pulse duration of 751 fs at a repetition rate of 7.77 MHz. This is enabled by a replicating cavity scheme and sapphire SESAMs.
High-average-power single-mode pulsed Ho3+ and Tm3+- doped polarization-maintaining silica all-fiber MOPA
Authors: Lorenz Dominik , Romano Clément , Panitzek Dieter , Forster Patrick , Schneider Julian , Lautenschläger Jan , Eichhorn Marc , Kieleck Christelle
Published: December 2023

A pulsed Tm3+ and Ho3+-doped all-in-fiber single-mode MOPA with 50.9 W average power at 2047 nm is presented. 50 ns square pulses with >10 kW peak-power and 509 µJ pulse energy were obtained.
High-gain Water-cooled Diode Pumped Yb:YAG Amplifier with Advanced Thermal Management for Pumping High Repetition Rate OPCPA
Authors: Bartoníček Jan , Fibrich Martin , Green Jonathan Tyler , Vlčák Petr , Rus Bedřich
Published: December 2023

A water-cooled diode pumped single rod Yb:YAG amplifier was developed providing high energy nanosecond pulses with 20Hz repetition rate. Undoped endcaps and crystal's cooling architecture yielded in high gain and low lensing and depolarization effect.
How Radial Power Improves Efficiency: A case study for nonlinear optics and further applications
Authors: Lobay Thomas A.
Published: December 2023

High efficiency and reliability are competing demands for optical generation. For continuous wave or high pulse rate applications, radial power is our reliability constraint. Analysis shows how to increase efficiency, with a case study for ZnGeP2 (ZGP).
Linear thermal expansion coefficient of single-and poly-crystalline YAG doped with various RE-ions
Authors: Sato Yoichi , Taira Takunori , Takemasa Tomohisa
Published: December 2023

The linear thermal expansion coefficients of Nd:YAG single crystals and YAG ceramics doped with Nd3+, Yb3+, Er3+, Sm3+, and Cr4+ ions were evaluated. We experimentally detected no significant differences larger than measurement errors.
High-throughput Laser Hardening of Steel with a 120 kW Laser
Authors: Reich Stefan , Heunoske Dominic , Lueck Martin , Osterholz Jens
Published: December 2023

Lasers are common tools for surface hardening of metals. With a 120 kW laser a strongly increased throughput can be achieved. We demonstrate steel hardening of 5 cm2/s with 0.6 mm depth from 160 to 600 HV100.
High-Beam Quality Highly-Efficient High-Average-Power Pulse Amplification in Ho3+:YAG
Authors: Goth Katharina , Vergara Inés , Griesbeck Michael , Eitner Madeleine , Rupp Marius , Eichhorn Marc , Kieleck Christelle
Published: December 2023

We present an actively Q-switched Ho3+ :YAG master oscillator power am plifier system with 67.5 % slope efficiency and 122 W average power and a pulse energy of 2.4 mJ. The dual-end-pumped system achieves a near-diffraction-limited beam quality factor of M2 ≈ 1.2.
Comparative study on the multi-channel phase control performances between SPGD and CMA-ES algorithms
Authors: Kim Hansol , Yeo Minsu , Jeong Yoonchan
Published: December 2023

We carry out a numerical study on coherent control of multi-phase with SPGD and CMA- ES algorithms. We compare their performances and identify the distinct characteristic of each algorithm when used for phase control.
NEGF-Based Optimization of Gain Medium in QCL
Authors: Kolek Andrzej , Hałdaś Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

Numerical simulations which use non-equilibrium Green's function formalism are employed to optimize the gain region of a quantum cascade laser that emits radiation at ∼ 5 µm wavelength. The optimization strategy uses electron-photon self-energies to find characteristics of devices, which interact with the laser field.
Nanosecond mode-locked laser using an artificial saturable absorber
Authors: Varsha  , Das Gautam
Published: December 2023

Authors proposed and demonstrated a nanosecond mode-locked fiber laser using an artificial saturable absorber in the laser cavity. Mode-locked pulses were produced by adjusting the cavity loss.
Enhancing Optimal Performance of Bonded Composite Material for J-class Laser System
Authors: Kausas Arvydas , Yahia Vincent , Tsuji Akihiro , Taira Takunori
Published: December 2023

This study focuses on optimizing bonding strength through temperature annealing and material evaluation for composite chips in J-class laser systems. Valuable insights are provided for maximizing efficiency and performance. 2.7 J output was achieved for two stage amplifier system.
Broadband Frequency Down-Conversion Characteristics of Monoclinic BaGa4Se7
Authors: Miyata Kentaro , Kato Kiyoshi , Petrov Valentin
Published: December 2023

Broadband mid-infrared frequency down-conversion based on the monoclinic BaGa4Se7 is proposed along with the updated index dispersion formulas derived using the temperature-dependent phase-matching conditions measured along the z-axis in the 8–14 µm spectral range.
Tm3+ ions doped mixed sesquioxides laser ceramics: an indepth characterization of spectroscopic, structural and laser behavior
Authors: Pirri Angela , Maksimov Roman N. , Santonocito Alberto , Shitov Vladislav A. , Patrizi Barbara , Vannini Matteo , Osipov Vladimir V. , Toci Guido
Published: December 2023

We report on the fabrication, structural and spectroscopic characterizations, as well as the laser behavior of some mixed sesquioxides laser ceramics, i.e. (ScxY1-x)2O3, fabricated with different Y/Sc balance and doped with 5at. % Tm3+.
Fluorescence and optical properties of Er and Ce doped fluorapatite (FAP) transparent ceramics
Authors: Yousuf A. , Mochizuki Y. , Hirai S. , Ohno T. , Morita K. , Kim B.N. , Suzuki T.S. , Furuse H.
Published: December 2023

Er3+and Ce3+doped hexagonal fluorapatite transparent ceramics were fabricated and their optical and fluorescence properties were studied. In addition, their potential application as laser materials and visible lighting are discussed.
Sub-30-fs Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb:Sc2SiO5 laser
Authors: Lin Zhang-Lang , Zeng Huang-Jun , Li Zhi-Qiang , Zhang Ge , Zheng Lihe , Su Liangbi , Liu Shande , Loiko Pavel , Mateos Xavier , Petrov Valentin , Wang Li , Chen Weidong
Published: December 2023

We report on a diode-pumped Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb:Sc2SiO5 laser generating 29-fs pulses at 1079.6 nm with an average power of 72 mW at a pulse repetition rate of ~66.5 MHz.
Plasmon enhanced luminescence of Tb/Eu co-doped film by Au NRs-PVA nanocomposite film
Authors: Zhang Lianyu , Liu Jinhua , Tian Linlin , Zhang Dong , Wang Qingru
Published: December 2023

Plasmonic nanostructures have great potential for improving the radiation properties of emitters. Here, the plasmonic Au nanorods-PVA nanocomposite films are used to uniformly improve the photoluminescence of Tb/Eu co-doped PMMA film within the local micro-region. Under the excitation of 292 nm, the maximum enhancement factor is 37.2-fold for emission at 612 nm and 21.6-fold for emission at 545 nm. Moreover, the finite different time domain simulations are developed to further explain the experimental results. It is indicated that the modulation of luminescence can be attributed to the increase of the local density of optical states through the Purcell effect and the improvement of the energy transfer efficiency between Tb and Eu. Under the excitation of 360 nm, the maximum enhancement factor is about 71.5-fold. In this case, the Au nanorods are mainly used for modulating the emission process at 612 nm, which deduced a greater enhancement factor at 612 nm. This study provides a deep understanding of the interactions between rare earth ions co-doped materials and plasmonic nanostructures, building a bridge to fabricate a useful platform for several applications, such as thin film-based detectors and sensors.
Key point calibrating and clustering for hard example mining of dense analogs in the fish-eye lens
Authors: Zeng Min , Chen Zhi , Wu Shengjian
Published: December 2023

Recent years have witnessed widespread applications of the fish-eye lens with a wide field-of-view. However, its inherent distortion poses a big challenge to the intelligent recognition of dense analogs (IRDA) by convolutional neural networks (CNN). The major bottleneck of existing CNN models lies in their limited modeling capacity for distorted objects in fish-eye images, leading to the misclassification of hard examples. To further improve the accuracy of IRDA, we propose a novel key point calibrating and clustering (KPCC) algorithm based on the hemispherical projection model. Our method can effectively correct the hard example misclassification predicted by the CNN, significantly enhancing the performance of the IRDA. The experiments show that, as a light-weight computation calibrating and stable adaptive clustering method, the KPCC increases the precision and recall rate of IRDA on the intelligent retail dataset by 8.55% and 8.07%, respectively; compared with the classic Focalloss, QFocalloss, and OHEM (online hard example mining), it can mine hard examples more sufficiently, especially in the scene of distorted dense analog detection.
Spectral Broadening of 200 mJ From a Yb-Doped Thin-Disk Amplifier at 5 kHz Using a Gas-Filled Multipass Cell
Authors: Klingebiel S. , Pfaff Y. , Barbiero G. , Rampp M. , Wang H. , Teisset C. Y. , Jung R. , Woldegeorgis A. H. , Brons J. , Maier A. R. , Saraceno C. J. , Metzger T.
Published: December 2023

We report on the nonlinear spectral broadening of 200 mJ pulses from a Yb-doped thin-disk amplifier at 5 kHz repetition rate using a Herriott-type multipass cell. Sub- 50fs compressibility is demonstrated.
Arithmetic logic unit based on the metastructure with coherent absorption: erratum
Authors: Zou Jia-Hao , Sui Jun-Yang , Chen Qi , Zhang Hai-Feng
Published: December 2023

We present a corrigendum to our Letter [Opt. Lett. 48, 5699 (2023)10.1364/OL.505761]. In section 3 of the original supplementary material, the absolute value is incorrectly taken in resolving the Kubo formula for describing the conductivity of graphene. Because this is a mistake with the conductivity of graphene, the coupling of the original structure is broken when the correct result is inserted into the code of the transfer matrix. So, the structure of the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), characteristic frequency point, and phase control have been modified accordingly. However, the ultimate function and the conclusion of this work remain unchanged.
The Double-Clad Fiber Laser
Authors: Hakimi Farhad
Published: December 2023

The author offers a personal view of the early development of a
device that wrought a “silent revolution” in lasers and
communications.
Research and Industry News
Authors: Cartlidge Edwin , Curtis Susan , Daukantas Patricia , Kim Meeri , Lanford Hannah , Wills Stewart , Kirkland Alessia
Published: December 2023

Origami microfliers / Enhanced cellular imaging / Lighting up hBN /
Phototherapy with bacteria / 3D nanoprinting / Aquatic vision / Easier
vacuum metrology / Industry news
OAM-mode Coupling by Segmented Helical-Ring-Core Waveguides Inscribed with Femtosecond Laser Beam
Authors: Okhrimchuk Andrey , Likhov Vladislav , Vasiliev Sergei , Alagashev Grigory
Published: December 2023

Azimuthally segmented helical-ring-core waveguides (HRCW) were fabricated in silica glass by direct laser writing. Triple-segmented waveguides provided single-mode or few-mode light guidance depending on the core diameter. Bragg resonance reflection of light carrying Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) was registered confirming the generalized angular phase matching condition, which considers azimuthally segmented structure of the waveguides.
Physiological and subjective arousal to prospective mental imagery: A mechanism for behavioral change?
Authors: Agren Thomas
Published: December 2023

Emotional prospective mental imagery, in which we simulate possible future events within our minds, have a pronounced impact on behavior. For example, repeated engagement in positive prospective imagery can lead to behavioral activation, while negative prospective imagery can lead to catastrophizing and avoidance. Physiological arousal boosts memory consolidation, creating emotional memories. Thus, if emotional prospective imagery produces an arousal response, the memory consolidation of these simulations of the future may be boosted, offering a possible underlying mechanism for the impact of emotional prospective imagery on behavior. In order to examine the feasibility of arousal as a possible mechanism behind the impact of emotional prospective imagery on behavior, sixty participants produced autobiographical prospective imagery of 30 scenes (10 positive, 10 neutral, and 10 negative), during which arousal responses (skin conductance) were measured, and ratings for subjective arousal, valence, and imagery vividness were collected. Moreover, because vividness of prospective imagery has been related to anxiety and depression, the study examined this relation also for event-related autobiographical prospective imagery. The results showed that emotional prospective imagery were associated with higher subjective arousal ratings as compared to neutral imagery. Physiological arousal responses showed a similar pattern, but further data is needed for a firm conclusion. Nevertheless, arousal-boosted consolidation remains a possible contributing mechanism for the impact of emotional prospective imagery on behavior. Moreover, results suggest both anxiety and depression may entail a reduced ability to invent prospective life situations. However, only anxiety was associated with less vivid imaginations, unless the imaginations were of negative content. Hence, anxious individuals may experience negative prospective imagery more vividly than imagery with neutral and positive content.
"I thought I was going to die": Experiences of COVID-19 patients managed at home in Uganda
Authors: Nakireka Susan , Mukunya David , Tumuhaise Crescent , Olum Ronald , Namulema Edith , Napyo Agnes , Serwanja Quraish , Ingabire Prossie Merab , Muyinda Asad , Bongomin Felix , Musaba Milton , Mutaki Vivian , Nantale Ritah , Akunguru Phillip , Ainembabazi Rozen , Nomujuni Derrick , Olwit William , Nakawunde Aisha , Nyiramugisha Specioza , Aol Pamela Mwa , Rujumba Joseph , Munabi Ian , Kiguli Sarah
Published: December 2023

Background

In Uganda, approximately 170,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 3,630 deaths have been reported as of January 2023. At the start of the second COVID-19 wave, the Ugandan health system was overwhelmed with a sudden increase in the number of COVID-19 patients who needed care, and the Ministry of Health resorted to home-based isolation and care for patients with mild to moderate disease. Before its rollout, the COVID-19 home-based care strategy had neither been piloted nor tested in Uganda.

Objective

To explore the experiences of COVID-19 patients managed at home in Uganda.

Methods

This was a qualitative study that was conducted to explore the lived experiences of COVID-19 patients managed at home. The study was carried out among patients who presented to three hospitals that were designated for treating COVID-19 patients in Uganda. COVID-19 patients diagnosed at these hospitals and managed at home were followed up and contacted for in-depth telephone interviews. The data were analysed using thematic content analysis with the aid of NVIVO 12.0.0 (QRS International, Cambridge, MA).

Results

Participants experienced feelings of fear and anxiety: fear of death, fear of losing jobs, fear of infecting loved ones and fear of adverse events such as loss of libido. Participants also reported feelings of loneliness, hopelessness and depression on top of the debilitating and sometimes worsening symptoms. In addition to conventional medicines, participants took various kinds of home remedies and herbal concoctions to alleviate their symptoms. Furthermore, COVID-19 care resulted in a high economic burden, which persisted after the COVID-19 illness. Stigma was a major theme reported by participants. Participants recommended that COVID-19 care should include counselling before testing and during and after the illness to combat the fear and stigma associated with the diagnosis. Another recommendation was that health workers should carry out home visits to patients undergoing home-based care and that COVID-19 treatment should be free of charge.

Conclusion

COVID-19 home-based care was associated with fear, anxiety, loneliness, depression, economic loss and stigma. Policymakers should consider various home-based follow-up strategies and strengthen counselling of COVID-19 patients at all stages of care.
Tuberculosis infection control practice and associated factors among health care workers in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tiruneh Misganaw Guadie , Fenta Eneyew Talie , Anagaw Tadele Fentabil , Bogale Eyob Ketema , Delie Amare Mebrat
Published: December 2023

Background

The poor practice of tuberculosis infection control may increase the risk of transmission of tuberculosis in healthcare settings. Thus, this study aimed to determine the pooled magnitude of good tuberculosis infection control practice and associated factors among healthcare workers in Ethiopia.

Methods

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist guideline was followed for this review and meta-analysis. The electronic databases (Pub Med, Cochrane Library, Google scholar and grey literatures) were searched to retrieve articles by using keywords. The Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument was used to assess the quality of studies. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. The meta-analysis with a 95% confidence interval using STATA 17 software was computed to present the pooled practice and odds ratio of the determinant factors. Publication bias was assessed visually by inspecting the funnel plot asymmetry and using statistical tests using the eggers and begs test.

Results

Seven studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 3256 health workers. The overall pooled magnitude of good tuberculosis infection control practice was 46.44% (95% CI: 34.21%, 58.67%). In subgroup analysis, the highest practice was in Addis Ababa 51.40% (95% CI: 47.40, 55.40%) and the lowest prevalence of tuberculosis infection control practice was in Amhara region 40.24% (95% CI: 15.46, 65.02%). Working in TB clinics (AOR; 7.42, 95% CI: 3.89, 14.13) and good TB related knowledge (AOR; 4.40, 95% CI: 1.76, 10.97) were the significant predictors of good TB infection control practice.

Conclusions

Only less than half of the health care workers had good practice of TB infection control. Working in TB clinics and having good TB related knowledge were statistically significant predictors of TB infection control practice. Periodic shifting of health care workers to work in TB clinics and an emphasis on TB infection control related skill based training was recommended to increase the TB infection control practice.
Only human after all? a pre-registered study on gaze behavior and humanity attributions to people with facial difference
Authors: Rasset Pauline , Montalan Benoît , Mange Jessica
Published: December 2023

There is a great deal of indirect evidence suggesting that people with facial difference (FD) may be dehumanized. This research aimed to provide direct evidence of the dehumanization of people with FD based on the stigmatizing reactions they elicit. More precisely, previous findings revealed that the specific way people with FD are looked upon is related to the feelings of disgust they elicit. Since disgust fosters dehumanization, our aim was to confirm the modified pattern of visual attention towards people with FD and to determine whether it was also related to humanness perception. For that purpose, a preregistered eye-tracking study (N = 97) using a former experimental design extended to humanity attributions was conducted. This research replicates findings showing that the face of people with FD is explored differently in comparison with other human faces. However, the hypothesis that people with FD were given fewer humanity attributions was not supported. Therefore, the hypothesis of a "dehumanizing gaze" towards people with FD–beyond humanity-related attributions–is discussed in light of these findings.
Landscape changes and livelihood outcomes in rural tea farming communities: A case study in Fuding City, Fujian Province, Southeast China
Authors: Wang Chengchao , Song Xianqiang , Luo Dongshen , Dan Xu , Lin Tingting
Published: December 2023

Landscape changes driven by cash crop plantations have been prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide in recent decades. Investigating the landscape changes and concluding livelihood outcomes are fundamental to figure out the solutions for rural sustainability. This paper examined the landscape changes which was caused by land use changes in tea plantations as well as investigated the resultant livelihood impacts, based on a case study in Fuding City, Southeast China. A questionnaire survey of 114 rural households in four sampled villages was conducted. Results demonstrated that expansion and intensification of tea plantations were two major proximate causes of landscape changes in recent decade. Our survey indicated that some existing intensively-managed tea plantations had derived from intensification and expansion of tea plantations, respectively. We identified four underlying driving forces of landscape changes, including economic benefit, governmental policies, wildlife destruction on grain crops, and rural return migration. Our study confirmed that landscape changes have significant positive effects on farmers’ livelihoods, including increasing employment and incomes, raising living standards, enhancing livelihood assets and livelihood sustainability. Especially, the aged rural populations could have a relatively decent living standard. Meanwhile, the excessive expansion of tea plantations may impair livelihood resilience. Lastly, three policy suggestions based on different time scales have been put forward to promote rural households’ livelihood sustainability and resilience.
Association between rapid weight gain in early years and subsequent adiposity indices in Portuguese children aged 3 to 5 years
Authors: Santiago-Vieira Carolina , Pedez Cristina , Li Leah , De Cássia Ribeiro Silva Rita , Rodrigues Daniela , Gama Augusta , Machado-Rodrigues Aristides , Nogueira Helena , Raquel Silva Maria , Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
Published: December 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the association of rapid weight gain (RWG) in early years with subsequent measures of adiposity in Portuguese children. We used data from a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of 5359 Portuguese children aged 3 to 5 years in 2009-10. Measures of adiposity indices included age-specific body mass index z-score (BAZ) and skinfold (suprailiac, subscapular and triceps) thickness. RWG was defined as the difference between z-scores of weightfor- age and birthweight > 0.67 Standard Deviation. Quantile regression models were used to estimate the difference in the 50th (median) and 90th (upper end) percentiles of each measure by RWG. Rapid weight gain in early years (62.5% of children) was associated with greater levels of BAZ and skinfold thickness measures, both for the median and 90th percentile. For the median, the difference was 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01-1.16) for BAZ, 1.11 mm (95% CI: 0.98-1.25) for suprailiac, 0.99 mm (95% CI: 0.87-1.11) for subscapular and 1.34 mm (95% CI: 1.11-1.57) for triceps skinfolds thickness after the adjustments. The increases in the 90th percentiles of adiposity measures associated with RWG were greater than those in median levels. RWG in childhood was associated with increased levels of adiposity measures, independent of prenatal and childhood factors.
O triunfo de Xântias
Authors: Tavares de Faria Rui
Published: December 2023

Estreou, no passado dia 6 de outubro, a primeira longa-metragem totalmente falada em grego antigo. Intitulado “The Frogs” (“Rãs”, em língua portuguesa), o filme é uma produção da Iuvenalis Pictures, realizada por alumni da Universidade Católica de Leuven, na Bélgica.
Uma “questão literária” no Viridarium de Francisco Mendoça SJ (1632)
Authors: Gonçalves Vera
Published: December 2023

O recente estudo será iniciado pela tradução do capítulo VI (Horatius illustratus in poetarum gratiam lib. 4. Od.2) das Saturnaliorum decas VIII do Liber VIII do Viridarium de Francisco Mendoça, seguida por uma reflexão acerca da obra e autor. Num segundo plano será feita uma ponderação sobre a presença dos autores clássicos nas escolas jesuítas, usando como exemplo a ligação entre o papel da abelha e o processo de criação poética feita nas obras de Horácio, Platão, Lucrécio e do humanista Mureto
Applying case study methodology for teaching Philology students reading ancient greek texts: theoretical principles
Authors: Shovkovyi Vyacheslav , Lazer-Pankiv Olesia , Druzhchenko Tetiana
Published: December 2023

In the system of teaching Greek to students majoring in classical languages, the content of communicative competence is limited to reading competence. The interpretation of a literary work (its content and meaning) is carried out through the interpretation of factual, conceptual, sub-textual, and emotive-evaluative information embedded in the text. Since interpreting literary works is a common challenge faced by future philologist-classicists in their professional activities, the article argues for the effectiveness of applying case study methodology in teaching reading authentic texts. The peculiarities of its application are explained using the example of a case on the topic of “Reading and interpretation of Lamentation of Danae by Simonides of Ceos.” The preparatory and primary stages of work with the case are outlined, each illustrated by specific tasks aimed at analysing and interpreting the factual, conceptual, emotive, and sub-textual aspects of an authentic Ancient Greek text.
Medievalismo literário português em contexto europeu
Authors: Machado Ana Maria
Published: December 2023

Na primeira parte deste volume dedicado ao medievalismo literário em contexto europeu, os três primeiros estudos discutem diferentes conceptualizações do medievalismo, questões terminológicas e fronteiras e complementaridades disciplinares, ao mesmo tempo que traçam um panorama da realidade medievalista no Reino Unido, em França e em Espanha. &amp;amp;lt;br&amp;amp;gt;A segunda parte está organizada diacronicamente, em função da cronologia das obras estudados que se estendem do século XIX aos inícios do século XXI, contemplando autores como Alexandre Herculano, Ruy Cinatti, Agustina Bessa-Luís, João Miguel Fernandes Jorge e um filme do cineasta António de Macedo. A fecundidade dos cruzamentos temporais endógenos à disciplina concorre com a instabilidade e a determinação histórica das representações da alteridade medieval e com as indagações recíprocas que Idade Média e contemporaneidade se colocam, numa inquirição persistente aos limites do conhecimento do passado e do presente que o repensa, académica ou artisticamente.
El rock en Educación Primaria: propuesta didáctica para la asignatura de Música en relación con este género popular
Authors: Muñoz Sánchez David
Published: December 2023

En este artículo se muestra el desarrollo y la puesta en práctica en el aula de una secuencia didáctica en torno a la música rock. Junto a la puesta en práctica de la misma, se realizará una revisión del proceso seguido, reflexionando sobre el mismo. El rock ha sido establecido como temática principal por varias razones, siendo una de las más importantes lo motivador que resulta este género musical cuando se utiliza con fines didácticos. Además, aunque existan otros géneros más escuchados entre la música popular, es el rock uno de los más respetados y reconocidos por albergar un gran valor cultural.
Metodológicamente se plantea una secuencia de actividades basadas en este género, desarrollando el currículo de Primaria en la Región de Murcia. Durante las actividades, se realizarán infografías a través de la plataforma en línea «Canva», se acompañarán canciones de rock utilizando instrumentos de percusión de altura indeterminada (PAI) y se crearán coreografías para temas del mismo género musical. Entre los métodos y metodologías que servirán de base a estas actividades encontramos el «Aprendizaje Cooperativo», el «Orff-Schulwerk» y la «Audición Musical Activa».
Los resultados muestran la efectividad de este género en su aplicación al aula, concluyéndose la necesidad de indagar más y profundizar con nuevas situaciones de aprendizaje.
Measuring Size of Colorectal Polyps Using a Virtual Scale Endoscope or Visual Assessment: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Taghiakbari Mahsa , Djinbachian Roupen , Haumesser Claire , Sidani Sacha , Chen Kiow Jeremy Liu , Panzini Benoit , von Renteln Daniel
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:

This study aimed to compare the accuracy of polyp size measurements using a virtual scale endoscope (VSE) with an integrated laser-based adaptive scale function and visual assessment (VA) during colonoscopies.

METHODS:

We conducted a single-blinded, prospective randomized controlled trial. Eligible patients (aged 45–80 years) undergoing screening, surveillance, or diagnostic colonoscopies were randomly assigned (1:1) into 2 groups. In the intervention group, all detected polyps were measured for size using VSE; in the control group, all polyps were measured using VA. Size measurements were compared with a reference standard of digital caliper measurement immediately post polypectomy. The primary outcome was the relative accuracy of real-time VSE measurement compared with VA. Secondary outcomes included the mean differences and the correlations between VSE or VA sizes and the reference standard of measurement.

RESULTS:

Overall, 230 patients were enrolled and randomized. The relative size measurement accuracy of VSE was 84% in 118 polyps, which was significantly higher than that of VA (105 polyps; 68.4%, P < 0.001). VSE resulted in a significantly higher percentage of size measurements within 25% of true size compared with VA (81.4% vs 41%, P < 0.001). VSE had a significantly lower percentage for >5-mm polyps incorrectly sized as 1–5 mm compared with VA (13.5% vs 57.1%; P < 0.001) and a significantly lower percentage for >3-mm polyps incorrectly sized as 1–3 mm compared with VA (11.3% vs 56.5%; P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:

VSE significantly improves the size measurement accuracy of colorectal polyps during colonoscopies compared with VA and results in fewer misclassifications at relevant decision-making size thresholds.
Charting Hybridity in Dharavi for New Potentials of Collaboration
Authors: Mueller-Wolfertshofer Ayesha , Boucsein Benedikt
Published: December 2023

This paper documents the spatial configuration of a typical pottery production unit in Kumbharwada, Dharavi, demonstrating the complexity and juxtaposition of prevalent uses. The design of the manufacturing process has been recorded through extensive fieldwork and interviews with the potters on site. The paper proposes that such data, although laborious to collect, should be used for integrating user requirements into slum-redevelopment initiatives to preserve hybridity and ensure the continuation of vital urban functions and livelihoods. It illustrates the possible role of architects in such processes of collaboration for understanding, recreating, and further developing the informal spatial organization of socio-economic functions.
Towards Sustainability and Transdisciplinarity Harquitectes's Collaborative Practice
Authors: Lui Maria Francesca
Published: December 2023

Harquitectes is a Catalan architecture studio founded in 2000, renowned for its blend of technological innovation and traditional techniques, as well as its focus on environmental, ethical, and social issues. The studio`s approach is rooted in research and continuous dialogue among its four partners: David Lorente Ibáñez; Josep Ricart Ulldemolins; Xavier Ros Majó and Roger Tudó Galí, as well as collaboration with external professionals. This collaboration allows them to rediscover and reinterpret experiences from the traditional Catalan architectural heritage, identifying principles of design and energy management and adapting them to meet the needs of contemporary society, specific contexts, and client requirements. Working with external mechanical engineers enables them to develop innovative solutions to ensure passive indoor comfort in buildings. Termed »climatic parameterization« by the studio, this approach relies on the use of algorithms and simulations to assess and optimize design choices from the early stages. This complicity between different disciplines not only blurs professional boundaries but also transforms architecture into a space for sharing and learning where the integration of expertise offers a new model for bioclimatic design.
Roof Extensions. Humans Wear Hats
Authors: Rochelt Hannah
Published: December 2023

Hats become a metaphor for collaborations. The impulse is given by a painting. As a reference, it provides information about existing and additional, new collaborations. Based on an architectural design "Roof Extensions in Munich's southern station district" the article makes design through thinking different forms of collaborations accessible.
Investigation of the Motion of a Spherical Object Located at Soft Elastic and Viscoelastic Material Interface for Identification of Material Properties
Authors: Koruk Hasan , Pouliopoulos Antonios N.
Published: December 2023

Measuring the properties of soft viscoelastic materials is challenging. Here, the motion of a spherical object located at the soft elastic and viscoelastic material interface for the identification of material properties is thoroughly investigated. Formulations for different loading cases were derived. First, the theoretical models for a spherical object located at an elastic medium interface were derived, ignoring the medium viscosity. After summarizing the model for the force reducing to zero following the initial loading, we developed mathematical models for the force reducing to a lower non-zero value or increasing to a higher non-zero value, following the initial loading. Second, a similar derivation process was followed to evaluate the response of a spherical object located at a viscoelastic medium interface. Third, by performing systematic analyses, the theoretical models obtained via different approaches were compared and evaluated. Fourth, the measured and predicted responses of a spherical object located at a gelatin phantom interface were compared and the viscoelastic material properties were identified. It was seen that the frequency of oscillations of a spherical object located at the sample interface during loading was 10–15% different from that during unloading in the experimental studies here. The results showed that different loading cases have immense practical value and the formulations for different loading cases can provide an accurate determination of material properties in a multitude of biomedical and industrial applications.
Trier et classer les (in)désirables. Construction des catégories migratoires et gouvernement de la circulation internationale.
Authors: Lendaro Annalisa
Published: December 2023

Émulations reçoit Annalisa Lendaro, spécialiste des phénomènes migratoires et de l’étude des territoires frontaliers dans une perspective ethnographique. Cet entretien revient sur la construction socio-historique des catégories au fondement des régimes migratoires, sur les dispositifs de gouvernement
Tensiones en los discursos de las escuelas, la administración pública y las Big-Tech respecto al uso de plataformas digitales comerciales en el sistema educativo catalán
Authors: Herrera-Urizar Gustavo , Rivera-Vargas Pablo , Massó-Guijarro Belén , Folguera-Àlvarez Sònia
Published: December 2023

El proceso actual de digitalización educativa se caracteriza por la presencia masiva de plataformas digitales de grandes corporaciones tecnológicas en los centros educativos, lo cual ha generado transformaciones significativas en la administración pública de la educación obligatoria. Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio cuyo objetivo fue identificar y analizar los principales aspectos que generan tensiones en los discursos de tres grupos de interés con respecto al uso de plataformas digitales comerciales en los centros educativos de Cataluña (España). A partir de una investigación cualitativa, se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a seis directivos de escuelas, cuatro representantes de la administración pública y tres representantes de grandes corporaciones tecnológicas. A continuación, se llevó a cabo un análisis del discurso relacional que permitió categorizar los resultados en las siguientes tres áreas: (1) servicios y productos de las plataformas digitales comerciales; (2) usos de las plataformas digitales comerciales en el sistema educativo; y (3) gestión y uso de datos por parte de las plataformas digitales comerciales en el sistema educativo. Los resultados resaltan la necesidad de una mayor participación por parte de la administración pública para garantizar un uso seguro de estos recursos digitales en las escuelas y proteger los derechos de la infancia.
Plataformas y digitalización de la educación pública: Explorando su adopción en Cataluña
Authors: Jacovkis Judith , Parcerisa Lluís , Calderón-Garrido Diego , Moreno-González Ainara
Published: December 2023

La introducción de plataformas digitales a gran escala está transformando los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje y la gobernanza escolar. A pesar de su rápida implementación en sistemas educativos de países muy diversos, aún disponemos de poca evidencia sobre cuáles son los factores y las razones que explican la adopción de plataformas digitales de grandes corporaciones tecnológicas en los sistemas educativos públicos. Partiendo de la teoría de la Economía Política Cultural, la presente investigación tiene por objetivo analizar el proceso de adopción de políticas de digitalización de la educación en Cataluña. A nivel metodológico, el estudio se basa en el análisis del discurso de entrevistas semiestructuradas a policymakers, activistas, expertos, responsables de grandes corporaciones tecnológicas y stakeholders. Los resultados muestran cómo la combinación de palancas de cambio ideacionales y materiales en diferentes momentos contribuye a explicar la forma cómo las plataformas digitales han permeado el sistema educativo. En particular, destaca la falta de liderazgo público, que contrasta con el rol protagónico de corporaciones globales como Google en el proceso político. Asimismo, el análisis ilumina las limitaciones del proceso de plataformización de la educación y la desvinculación entre arquitectura tecnológica y pedagogía que se observa en su implementación.
The critical study of digital platforms and infrastructures: Current issues and new agendas for education technology research
Authors: Perrotta Carlo , Pangrazio Luci
Published: December 2023

Digital platforms have become integral to contemporary schooling. Google Classroom, Compass, Office 365, EdQuire, ClassDojo and Canvas are just some of the many platforms that litter students’ and teachers’ computers today. While students may have only one school to physically attend, there is a labyrinth of digital enclosures for them to navigate as part of their schooling. The rise of digital platforms in education has occurred at an erratic rate—sometimes through function creep, sometimes through whole system mandates, and certainly the global pandemic has accelerated their rise. In this article we consider how platforms have become an infrastructure in education and the implications this has for teaching, learning and the relationships between key stakeholders. We provide an overview of the education research into platforms to date, highlighting areas that require further empirical and theoretical investigation. We conclude the article by outlining a research agenda for critical platform studies in education.
Социальная технология оказания социальной помощи семьям с детьми: опыт внедрения и оценка эффективности
Authors: Ярская-Смирнова Елена Ростиславовна , Рождественская Елена Юрьевна , Абрамов Роман Николаевич , Борзов Сергей Петрович , Александрова Марина Юрьевна
Published: December 2023

В статье представлены результаты исследования эффективности технологии работы со случаем, предназначенной восстанавливать способность семьи самостоятельно справляться с трудными жизненными ситуациями, удовлетворяя основные потребности ребенка. Оценка реализована в смешанной качественно-количественной методологии с прикладной задачей управления технологией в классификационной сетке У. Трочима. Качественная оценка технологии выполнялась с применением полуструктурированных интервью с кураторами и супервизорами. Количественный этап включал статистический анализ данных мониторинга состояния семей, полученных в ходе реализации технологии в шести московских Центрах помощи семье и детям. Проводилась проверка на внутреннюю согласованность шкал с помощью коэффициента α Кронбаха, расчет корреляций и мер средней тенденции и разброса.
Анализ интервью позволил выявить основные составляющие успеха технологии и барьеры, которые могут стоять на пути ее успешной реализации. Достоинства анализируемой технологии: системность, последовательность, связность, внутренняя согласованность этапов, высокая точность и качество обеспечиваемой диагностики проблем семей, потенциал раннего выявления рисков кризисной ситуации в семье, появление понятного специалисту инструментария, возможность формализации, упорядочивания и архивации работы со случаем. Барьеры успешного внедрения технологии связаны с высокой нагрузкой кураторов, в том числе в формате «бумажной работы», отсутствием поддержки и сопровождения супервизоров, сложностями языка описания технологии, одновременно создающими перспективу ее оптимизации. Полученные количественные данные свидетельствуют о наличии положительной динамики в состоянии семей в целом, включая сокращение риска жестокого обращения с ребенком в семье.
Благодарность. Исследование проводилось Международной лабораторией исследований социальной интеграции НИУ ВШЭ по заказу Таганского детского фонда (в рамках проекта, поддержанного фондом Е. и Г. Тимченко).
Роль социального капитала в дифференциации стратегий подотчетности в региональных социально ориентированных НКО
Authors: Обухов Константин Николаевич
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена дифференциации стратегий подотчетности, существующих в региональных социально ориентированных некоммерческих организациях (СО НКО) России. СО НКО рассматриваются через призму теорий социального капитала, что позволяет обратиться к анализу совокупности социальных отношений, складывающихся вокруг организаций и поддерживающих их. Прозрачность и подотчетность анализируются как тесно взаимосвязанные процессы, освещающие и разъясняющие содержание деятельности СО НКО как ее сотрудникам, так и благополучателям, донорам и социальному окружению, вовлеченному в ее работу. Помимо этого, подотчетность и раскрытие информации о деятельности способствуют формированию доверия и гарантируют бόльшую устойчивость СО НКО. Несмотря на нормативное закрепление принципов подотчетности, анализ практик показывает, что она в существенной степени остается декларативной, а ситуация с открытостью во многом неоднородна.
Цель статьи — прояснение роли социального капитала в существующих различиях реализуемых стратегий подотчетности региональных СО НКО. Для этого была организована серия полуструктурированных интервью (N = 29) с руководителями таких организаций. Выделены три возможных стратегии подотчетности: формальная, адресная и расширенная. Выявлено, что создание СО НКО с опорой на определенный тип социального капитала может влиять на используемые в организации стратегии подотчетности. Опрошенные руководители СО НКО связывают применение той или иной стратегии с потребностями во взаимодействии с ключевыми ресурсными игроками региона и характером связи с ними. Продолжительность существования организации и развитие профессиональных навыков могут приводить к распространению расширенной стратегии подотчетности. Для каждой из используемых стратегий подотчетности выделены сложности и преимущества ее реализации.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики» (НИУ ВШЭ).