bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TREATMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC ALGORITHM FOR ASSOCIATED CLOSED ABDOMINAL AND RETROPERITONEAL ORGANS INJURY FROM THE STANDPOINT OF EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
Authors: Maskin S. S , Aleksandrov V. V , Matyukhin V. V , Ermolayeva N. K , Tadzhiyeva A. R
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to an actual problem-combined blunt trauma of the abdomen and retroperitoneal organs. A treatment and diagnostic algorithm is proposed to standardize the approach to patients with this pathology depending on the hemodynamic status, and the indications for various diagnostic methods and the order of their use are specified. The author analyzes the literature sources of Russian and foreign authors and justifies the expediency of using different research methods to make a decision about surgical treatment, dynamic observation or conservative therapy.
DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL KIDNEY DISEASE IN YOUNG CHILDREN
Authors: Lolaeva B. M , Dzheliev I. Sh
Published: December 2020

An algorithm for diagnosing congenital kidney disease in the antenatal and early postnatal period was developed, and the management of these patients depending on the nature of the detected pathology was determined. The article presents the results of diagnostics of congenital kidney disease in 126 children. Of these, 70 children showed signs of kidney pathology in the antenatal period during ULTRASOUND examination of the kidneys in the fetus. The criteria for detected congenital pathology in the antenatal and early postnatal period are determined.
INDIVIDUAL APPROACH TO THE EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS AND THE CHOICE OF TREATMENT METHODS TOOTH SENSITIVITY
Authors: Aleshina N. F , Piterskaya N. V. , Starikova I. V.
Published: December 2020

52 patients aged 26 to 54 years (39 women and 13 men) with hypersensitivity of the teeth were examined. Taking into account the individual approach to the examination of patients, the dental status was determined, etiological factors, body features, the presence of somatic pathology, clinical manifestations of hypersensitivity of the teeth were determined, with the determination of the degree, prevalence and intensity of hyperesthesia. The study made it possible to make a rational choice of treatment and prevention measures, taking into account individual General and local manifestations of this pathology.
FEATURES OF THE DAILY PROFILE OF ARTERIAL PRESSURE AND THE POSSIBILITY OF DOCLINE DIAGNOSTICS OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES
Authors: Malyuzhinskaya N. V. , Stepanenko K. V. , Polyakova O. V. , Klitochenko G. V. , Emelyanova S. A , Novikova O. V.
Published: December 2020

Diabetic nephropathy takes a leading place among diseases requiring replacement therapy for renal failure, and is also a leading cause of disability and mortality among patients with type 1 diabetes. The development of arterial hypertension is one of the markers of the formation of diabetic nephropathy. We performed a prospective cohort study. A comprehensive clinical and instrumental examination of 78 children with type 1 diabetes was carried out. The features of changes in the daily profile of blood pressure and microcirculatory disorders in children before the formation of diabetic nephropathy were revealed. A mathematical model is developed for predicting the development of arterial hypertension by determining microcirculation parameters using a laser Doppler flowmeter. Early diagnosis will allow timely prescribing of pathogenetic treatment, improving the prognosis of this category of patients.
THE RATIONALE FOR A DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH TO ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT OF THE TEETH WITH A SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY
Authors: Makedonova Yu. A , Kriventsev A. E , Veremeenko S. A , Dyachenko D. Y.
Published: December 2020

In the clinical practice of a dentist-orthopedist, patients with various diseases, abnormalities and deformities are often found. In this case, there may often be a relationship between General somatic pathology and manifestations in the oral cavity. Parkinson's disease is no exception. This paper discusses the main features of the course of the disease in the oral cavity and the principles of a differentiated approach to orthopedic treatment. So in patients with Parkinson's disease, sialorrhea (salivation, hypersalivation), dryness of the red border of the lips and oral mucosa, speech changes, «prosthetic» stomatitis are observed. At the same time, these patients have sensory and vegetative disorders, violation of muscle tone, which aggravates the process of prosthetics and creates certain difficulties for a dentist-orthopedist. Due to the spread of this disease among the elderly, who often require dental care, clinicians need to know about this pathology.
FEATURES OF MICROBIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNE STATE IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Alexandrov Ye. I
Published: December 2020

90 pregnant women with inflammatory periodontal diseases, aged 27 to 35 years were examined. The main group consisted of 60 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and the control one consisted of 30 patients with physiological pregnancy. All patients were examined before providing treatment and preventive measures at 14-15 weeks of pregnancy and after them at 37-38 weeks. Studies have shown deterioration in periodontal health, oral hygiene and increase in contamination of the oral cavity in patients of the main group as compared with patients of the control group. The use of the anti-inflammatory succinic acid based preparation is effective for inflammatory periodontal diseases in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. The improvement of periodontal tissues health was confirmed by the posttreatment indices of hygiene, immunoglobulins, microbiocenosis and periodontal indices that promote normalization of the oral cavity.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THERAPY FOR DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY WITH SHORT-TERM ADMINISTRATION OF LEVOCARNITINE AND ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID
Authors: Statsenko M. E , Inina L. I , Apukhtin A. F , Turkina S. V. , Zapevalina E. V. , Sazhina I. S
Published: December 2020

A statistically significant effectiveness (18,42 vs. 2.63 %; p < 0,05) of combined treatment was established by the criterion of the frequency of detection of VAT below 5 points. Non-effective treatment, according to the VAT criterion > 5 points, was found in 30,0 % of combined and 45,0 % of patients with alpha-lipoic acid monotherapy (р < 0,05). The results obtained allow for changes in the generally accepted terms of treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy with alpha-lipoic acid.
Consumer basket as the basis for the State guarantees of minimum monetary income of Russian citizens (Part 2)
Authors: Bobkov Vyacheslav , Odintsova Elena , Gulyugina Aleftina
Published: December 2020

The article provides an overview of special sources, research results, ideas and discussions in the following areas related to formation of consumer basket (CB): 1) methods of forming consumer baskets in the Russian Federation and abroad, their advantages and disadvantages; 2) composition and standards of consumption of goods and services that may be recommended to meet the basic needs of population; 3) approaches to defining the relationship between the actual consumption of goods and services by low-income population and the composition and standards of consumption of food, non-food goods and services in CB; 4) minimum State guarantees, which should be related to the cost estimation of CB; 5) advantages and disadvantages of the current method of forming a living wage CB; 6) new research directions and proposals for changing the CB composition and regulatory framework, ways to determine their cost and impact on the level of satisfaction of the population's needs for food, non-food products and paid services, their comparison; 7) comparison of the CB cost, resulting from different approaches to its definition, the size of minimum State guarantees and actual monetary income: modal, median and per capita; 8) alternative approaches to setting the limits of monetary income for determining the State guarantees of minimum monetary income, advantages and disadvantages of their use in the Russian Federation. Conclusions and recommendations are proposed that could contribute to formation and introduction of a science-based CB in 2021 in order to improve the standards and quality of life of Russian citizens. The article consists of two parts. The First part of the article addresses the first two of these areas related to formation of CB.
Prerequisites for evolution of fertility and reproductive behavior: world and Russian experience
Authors: Rudneva Oxana , Sokolov Alexandr
Published: December 2020

Depopulation of the population and decrease in fertility is an urgent problem of modern Russia and the world. However, birth rate is not the main factor determining decline in country's population. At present, fertility, as a biological factor, acquires a social content and is regulated by a set of social, religious and other norms. There is an active trend of reducing the number of children in families across the world. If in 1960 a woman had an average of 5 children during her life, by 2019 the figure was half as low—2.4. The main reasons are development of the scientific and social progress, changes in the economic system, decline in mortality (including infant), women's involvement in the economy along with the spread of education for women, increasing maternal age at first birth. The countries with increasing economic and social development have faced the threat of depopulation. In Russia, as in many economically developed countries, total fertility rate is lower than the level of natural reproduction of a generation. The number of such countries has grown from 13 in 1970 to 123 in 2018, with a total population of 3.97 billion people or 51.7% of humanity. Pronatalist measures are prevailing in the Russian demographic policy. The main demographic danger for Russia is not low birth rate, but high level of mortality (including from external causes), low life expectancy (especially for men), high level of morbidity (including "social" diseases) and others. Innovative technologic development is an important factor determining the State policy along with reduction in the birth rate. The economy will not need many workers. It is necessary to strengthen automation and robotization of production facilities. Thus, the priority of the future demographic policy should not be the number of people, but the quality of human capital.
Demographic problems of geostrategic territories of the Russian Far East
Authors: Simagin Yury , Murtuzalieva Djamilya
Published: December 2020

The article presents an analysis of the demographic problems of the priority geostrategic territories of the Russian Far East. Such territories are characterized in the «Strategy for Spatial Development of the Russian Federation to 2025» as having a particular significance for development of the country as a whole, but differing in special conditions of the population life and functioning of the economy due to their geographical location. The main problem of the Far East geostrategic territories of the country is depopulation, which is both a factor that slows down the socio-economic development and an indicator that characterizes the low performance of this development. Components of the population dynamics that lead to its decline — natural growth and migration flows — are of particular importance. The article identifies multidirectional nature of the main demographic processes — natural growth is mainly combined with migration outflow of the population. The regions of the Far East that managed to increase their population in 2010-2018 with this combination are the Republics of Sakha (Yakutia) and Buryatia. Specific features of the Far East priority geostrategic territories in comparison with Russia as a whole are shown. The analysis is based on the «Municipal Russia» database, which summarizes the demographic statistics for all urban districts and municipal districts of the country, including those located on the priority geostrategic territories. As a result of the analysis of population dynamics, we have identified directions that can lead to an improvement in the demographic situation in the priority geostrategic territories of the Far East, and, accordingly, will contribute to the socio-economic development of not only these territories, but also the entire Russian Federation.
Premature mortality and healthy life expectancy in the context of the national development objectives of Russia
Authors: Katkova Irina , Rybalchenko Sergey
Published: December 2020

The article shows the relevance of implementing a new intersectoral system of indicators necessary for monitoring progress in achieving the target indicators at the Federal and regional levels by 2030 to ensure the achievement of the country's national development goals to strengthen the health potential and well-being of the population, which is the most important basis for demographic development and growth of life expectancy (LE). It is emphasized that the lack of correlation between indicators of life expectancy in Russian regions and the rates of gross regional products (GRP) reflects the inconsistency of social, economic and health policies, when the achievement of economic growth is actually poorly focused on improving the standards and quality of life of the population. The article highlights the prospects for including integrative assessments of differences in the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being and quality of life of the population of Russian regions, the level of deficit of the financial support for territorial state programs of providing free medical care to citizens, economic damage associated with the burden of diseases, in the system of effective intersectoral strategies and evaluating their effectiveness in achieving target monitoring indicators. It is noted that implementation of such integrated strategies must be focused on overcoming regional disparities in population health, when the place of birth and life for most residents of the regions actually determine the risks and prospects of survival, reaching the most favorable levels of life expectancy typical of the most successful and prosperous regions of Russia.
Exploitation of Plant Herbs in the Control of Disease Vectors: A Review
Authors: Mary Oluchi Iwuagwu  , Paschal Emeka Etusim  , Nneka Constance Emmanuel  , Jude Chibuzo Igwe  , Victor Oluoha Nwaugo  , Reginard Azu Onyeagba
Published: December 2020

Diseases transmitted by vectors have been plaguing man since time immemorial causing millions of deaths annually. The highest occurrence reportedly occurs in tropical and subtropical areas where malaria, the commonest vector-borne disease, is highest. The management of vector-borne diseases has been basically by controlling their vectors using synthetic insecticides: the pyrethroids, organophosphates, organochlorines: carbamates.  Reports have shown that these insecticides pollute the environment, result in bio-magnification and affect non-target organisms mostly man thereby raising health concern. Also, there is development of insecticide resistance in the disease vectors, which may hamper the effective use of the insecticides. These negative effects associated with the use of synthetic insecticides emphasize the need for alternative method of control. The control of disease vectors with the use of herbal-based products that have insecticidal properties is promising as it is safe to non-target organisms, eco-friendly, bio-degradable, less expensive and the development of resistance in the vectors is more or less absent. The insecticidal activity of plant herbs is attributed to the presence of complex mixture of bio-active compounds, which act as anti-feedants, oviposition deterrents, repellents, attractants, etc. Using relevant literatures, this paper discussed disease vectors, method of transmission of vector-borne diseases, the need for alternative method of disease vector control and the most common plants employed in the control of disease vectors including their families, products, bio-active compounds, their activity and mode of action. Use of plant herbs and their products can therefore, serve as alternative method for vector control programme.
Saccharification of Sawdust Masses from the Lagos Lagoon in Nigeria with Aspergillus niger Cellulase
Authors: JBM Sibiya  , NA Ndukwe  , JPH van Wyk
Published: December 2020

The Lagos Lagoon in Nigeria is extensively polluted with sawdust produced by hundreds of sawmills located on the banks of the lagoon. In order to develop cellulose as a possible resource of bioenergy different masses of various sawdust materials was exposed to the saccharification action by a fungal cellulase source, Aspergillus niger. Five different masses of delignified and non-delignified sawdust materials have been bio-converted with A. niger cellulase into glucose, a fermentable sugar. The amount of sugar released has increased when increasing masses of waste cellulose was degraded although the percentage saccharification shown a decline when increasing masses was degraded. Delignification of sawdust was effective in terms of sugar production during A. niger cellulase catalyzed degradation as the bio-conversion of all delignified materials produced more sugar than the non-delignified materials. The highest amount of sugar was produced from 10 mg of Pterygota macrocarpa sawdust while the highest percentage of saccharification was calculated at 85% during bio-conversion of 2.0 mg of delignified sawdust from P. macrocarpa. Sawdust along the Lagos Lagoon is a major solid waste product that could be developed as a resource of bio-energy if the cellulose component of this material is effectively saccharified.
Probable mechanism of action and Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectroscopy Profile of the antimalarial fractions of the hexane seed extract of Garcinia kola (GUTTIFERAE)
Authors: Tejumade S. Ujomu  , Oyindamola O. Abiodun  , Gabriel O. Adegoke  , Grace O. Gbotosho
Published: December 2020

To access the antimalarial activity, mechanism of action and constituents of the hexane extract of Garcinia kola (GK) seeds and its column-fractions. The in vivo antimalarial activity of the hexane extract of GK and its column-fractions against Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei (ANKA) strain, the mechanism of action and the chemical constituents of the column fractions was determined using the Peters’ 4-day suppressive test, the beta hematin assay and Gas chromatography- mass spectrometry respectively. In this study, Fractions 4,5,15 and 95 obtained from the hexane extract of Garcinia kola seeds using column chromatography produced chemosuppression values ≥ 59.6% at 200 mg/kg. These fractions inhibited the conversion of heme to heamozoin and contained arenes following Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The observed antimalarial activity justifies the use of Garcinia kola seeds in the treatment of febrile illnesses.
The effect of slenderness on the lateral-torsional buckling and ultimate shear capacity of plate girders
Authors: Cakiroglu Celal , Islam Kamrul , Bekdaş Gebrail
Published: December 2020

Lateral torsional buckling and shear buckling are two of the most significant structural responses that should be considered during the design process of plate girders. Particularly the importance of lateral torsional buckling was once again witnessed during the reconstruction process of a bridge in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada when the plate girders failed due to insufficient bracing. This current study aims to acquire a better understanding of the effect of geometric parameters such as the web slenderness, flange slenderness and span-to-depth ratio on the critical buckling moment and ultimate shear strength of plate girders. To achieve this goal the critical buckling moment and ultimate shear strength of a plate girder were parametrically studied for a large number of geometries using a load case from an experimental study. The results of this parametric study clarified the effects of web slenderness, flange slenderness and span-to-depth ratio on the structural performance of a plate girder. The visualization of the results was used to identify the ranges of these geometric parameters where the structural performance is most sensitive to changing them.
Comparison between fixed base and isolated base in seismic response of high-rise buildings: a case study
Authors: Fares Anas M.
Published: December 2020

In this study, the influence of soil condition under the isolated and fixed bases is studied by using ETABS 16 software for the high-rise regular building. A regular building with 10 floors is modeled and the results are obtained for story displacements, story shear forces and spectral acceleration according to Uniform Building Code 97 (UBC-97) code. The time history analysis has been performed by using 1999 Izmit earthquake record. 3 types of soil which had different stiffnesses are considered in this study. The results show that the value of base shear increases when the soil stiffness decreases. It also noticed that the spectral acceleration is larger in soft soil condition than that of other soil conditions; and this confirms that the structural response spectrum is associated with the soil condition. In addition, when using base isolated building the drift of lower floors will be larger than that of using base isolated, but in the upper floors the drifts of fixed base building will be larger than that of the isolated base building. Finally, time history method in the seismic design will produce base shear less than that from equivalent static method, so calibration factor for design purpose shall be used.
Narrativas de estudantes do 9º ano e as ideias históricas sobre a regionalidade no Vale do Taquari – RS
Authors: Nicolini Cristiano
Published: December 2020

As narrativas sobre a regionalidade emergem de forma mais evidente em contextos de pretensa diferenciação frente às tendências de padronização cultural. As identidades envolvidas nesses discursos se refletem em diversos aspectos da sociedade, desde projetos de formatação turística até os espaços educacionais. Nesse texto, buscamos compreender a influência dessas narrativas nas ideias históricas construídas por estudantes ao chegarem à etapa final do Ensino Fundamental (9º Ano), em uma região específica situada na porção centro-leste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul: o Vale do Taquari. A partir de referenciais teóricos e metodológicos da Educação Histórica, analisamos as narrativas de 542 estudantes sobre a história do lugar onde vivem, construindo quatro categorias de interpretação das ideias presentes nessas elaborações: presentista, etnocentrada, multicultural e intercultural.
Narrativas de professoras: sentidos para o ensino de história, a docência e o currículo
Authors: Costa Artur Nogueira Santos e
Published: December 2020

Exploro, a partir de três entrevistas, os sentidos instituídos por professoras de história para a docência na escola pública, o ensino de história e o currículo – pensados como dimensões mutuamente constitutivas. As entrevistas foram entendidas como evidências de “saberes docentes”, que, em sua complexidade, mobilizam prescrições curriculares, fundamentos pedagógicos, experiências sociais, entre outros. Elas permitiram perceber profissionais conscientes dos desafios colocados para sua disciplina e seu trabalho, bem como evidenciaram as múltiplas camadas que configuram o ensino história.
Epiphyseal Angulation and Related Spatial Orientation in Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Authors: Gautier Emanuel , Passaplan Caroline , Gautier Lucienne
Published: December 2020

Background:

The management of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is controversial. Surgical decision-making is based regularly on the chronicity, stability, and severity of the slip. The purpose of this study was to determine the true angulation and spatial orientation of the epiphysis in hips with SCFE and contralateral hips.

Methods:

Eighteen hips in 18 patients with SCFE were included in the analysis. Trigonometric calculations, based on angle measurements using 2 conventional radiographs in planes that are perpendicular to each other, were used to determine the angulation of the epiphysis and its orientation in space.

Results:

The mean absolute epiphyseal obliquity of the SCFE hips was 56.2° and the spatial orientation was 36.5°. The mean obliquity of the contralateral side was 34.0°, with a related spatial orientation of 16.8°. The maximum error can reach up to 9.9° (or 41%) when comparing the calculated angles with the angle measurements on radiographs.

Conclusions:

On standard radiographs, the epiphyseal angulation in SCFE is consistently underestimated. As a consequence, the assigned classification of some patients may be 1 severity group too low, which impacts the value of traditional severity classification for surgical decision-making. The analysis of the spatial orientation of the slip with the concomitant direction of the resultant shear can partially explain varus and valgus slip in SCFE.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Rock glaciers in mixed lithologies: a case study from Northern Pirin
Authors: Gachev Emil Mariov
Published: December 2020

Rock glaciers are lobate or tongue-shaped assemblages of poorly sorted, angular-rock debris and ice, commonly found in high mountain environments, which move as a consequence of the deformation of internal ice (Giardino and Vitek, 1988; Barsch, 1996). However, in most research works, when discussing the formation of these features, the focus has been mainly on the past or present climatic conditions. The systematic observations of the distribution of relict rock glaciers in the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula indicate however that geological setting, represented by bedrock type and composition, and the pattern of fault lines, is not less important for the formation and evolution of these landforms. The present article is focused on rock glaciers in the high mountain zone of the Pirin Mounains (Bulgaria), which are formed in mixed lithology, with participation of both silicate rocks (granite, gneiss) and carbonate rocks (marble). In fact, these rock glaciers are the only ones of a typical morphology that exist in the glaciokarstic marble area of Northern Pirin. What is common for all locations where such rock glaciers are found is that the marble layer, which is on top, is quite thin (few metres to few hundreds of metres). In such conditions, the rock glacier formation occurred following the mechanism typical for silicate rocks, but using marble debris and block material instead. The observed forms are characteristic only for marginal zones, along the contact line between silicate and carbonate high mountain environments.
Identification of Shared Gene Signatures in Different Stages of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using Integrated Microarray Dataset
Authors: Gh B. Fatemeh Nobakht M. , arabfard Masoud
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most preventable type of chronic liver disease worldwide and a risk factor for developing cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) if untreated. Although experts have performed lots of efforts to find the underlying mechanisms of NAFLD, it remains a challenge to recognize them. The aim of this study is to distinguish common gene signature and pathways in the human liver during NAFLD progression through the systems biology method.Methods: In this study, the three microarray datasets, GSE48452, GSE63067 and GSE89632, were selected from the NCBI GEO database to explore differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among healthy controls, simple steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and pathway enrichment analysis were used to detect common genes and biological pathways in different stages of NAFLD.Results: The current study was included 47 healthy subjects, 36 patients with simple steatosis and 46 NASH patients. Common high degree genes among all three sets were CHI3L1, GFBP2, NRG1, PEG10 and FADS2. The top five genes in the hepatic PPI networks of three datasets were STAT3, JUN, CANX, FN1 and MYC. Signal transduction, immune response, and anti-apoptosis were the most important biological pathways between healthy vs. NASH, while cell communication, signal transduction and immune response were three top biological pathways between healthy vs. simple steatosis. Also, the most eminent biological pathways between NASH vs. simple steatosis were metabolism and energy pathways. Conclusion: The present study represented the unique and shared key genes and pathways between different stages of NAFLD, which may facilitate the understanding of the NAFLD mechanism and identify potential therapeutic targets in this disease.
WITHDRAWN: Strength Analysis and Ratio Optimization of New Sealing Materials With Response Surface Method
Authors: Xue Sheng , Guo Xin , Li Yaobin , Zheng Chunshan
Published: December 2020

The influence of the interaction among water-cement ratio, content of expansion agent, water reducing agent, and retarder on the compressive strength of new sealing material was studied. The Design-Expert software was used to design experiments, establish a quadratic polynomial regression model, draw response surface, and optimize parameters. The microstructure morphology of the sample is explored by scanning electron microscope (Hereinafter referred to as SEM). The research results show that the interaction between water-cement ratio and expansion agent content is the most crucial factor affecting the compressive strength of the new sealing material. Under the optimal condition of 0.4% water reducing agent, 0.04% retarder, 0.8 water-cement ratio, and 8% expansion agent, the compressive strength of the sealing material cured for 3 d and 7 d is 39.247 MPa and 41.044 MPa, with the maximum absolute error of 1.71% and 2.81%, which proves the high accuracy of the model. The main hydration products of the new sealing material are ettringite and C-S-H gel, interlacing each other to form a dense structure, which contributes to the high strength of the new sealing material.
A Ten-year Experience of the Multidisciplinary Management of the Regional Failure of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in the Era of IMRT
Authors: Guan xiyin , Xing Xing , Wang Xiaoshen , He Xiayun , Ying Hongmei , Lu Xueguan , Shen Chunying , Zhang Qunling , Chen Jiaying , Sun Guohua , Wang Yu-Long , Wang Yu , Xu Tingting , Hu Chaosu
Published: December 2020

Objective: To evaluate clinical outcomes of cervical node recurrence/residual tumor of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with treatment decisions made by a multidisciplinary treatment (MDT) team. Methods: Between March 2010 and July 2019, patients who had previously undergone definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and presented with residual or recurrent cervical lymph nodes were enrolled in our study. Clinical features and treatment modalities were retrospectively reviewed, and survival outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 183 patients were enrolled in the study, among whom 139 underwent neck dissection, and the remaining 44 were either considered not eligible for surgery or refused surgery. For the two groups of patients, the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 73.4% vs 36.8% (p=0.000), and the progression-free survival (PFS) was 57.1% vs 32.3% (p=0.004), respectively. Patients who underwent neck dissection had a significantly better clinical outcome and shorter latency between the prior treatment and detection of neck recurrence/residual tumor than those who did not. Conclusion: For regional failure cases that have no contradictions for surgery and are predicted to benefit from surgery by the MDT team, neck dissection could be the best choice. It is important for an experienced MDT team to choose the optimum treatment modalities for patients for the cervical failure of NPC. Regular follow-up after prior treatment contributes to the early detection of regional failure and provides a chance for surgery.
Pilot study in patients with congenital low-flow vascular malformation treated with low dose sirolimus
Authors: Harbers Veroniek , Rongen Gerard , Vleuten van der Carine , Verhoeven Bas , Laat de Peter , Horst van der Chantal , Klein Willemijn , Kool Leo Schultze , Loo te Maroeska
Published: December 2020

Background

Patients with congenital low-flow vascular malformations (capillary (CM), lymphatic (LM), venous (VM) or combined) may have an impaired quality of life (QoL), due to their symptoms, which include pain, swelling, bleeding, thrombosis, and functional impairment. Unfortunately, current treatment methods are challenging and not always successful. Previous studies have shown that the mTOR-inhibitor sirolimus is an effective treatment for these patients. Target levels of 10–15 ng/ml were well tolerated; however, grade three adverse events were observed (ranged 20–40%).
Methods

A pilot study was performed using a Challenge–Dechallenge–Rechallenge (CDR) design to determine the pharmacodynamics of low target levels of sirolimus (target levels 4–10 ng/ml) in respect of efficacy and adverse events in patients with disabling low-flow vascular malformations without treatment alternatives. The patients received sirolimus over a three-to-six-month period (Challenge), followed by the withdrawal of sirolimus (Dechallenge). If the complaints returned, sirolimus was reintroduced during a twelve month period (Rechallenge). Efficacy was determined on pain (end point of the pilot study) and other symptoms related to the vascular malformation; and adverse events were determined in all phases of the study.
Results

An improvement in symptoms was seen in 92% (n = 11/12) of patients during the Challenge phase. In the Rechallenge phase, a positive response rate of 78% was found (n = 7/9). These response rates are comparable to those found in the literature despite low target levels of sirolimus. However, less serious adverse events were observed with low dose sirolimus, especially bone marrow toxicity and grade III liver toxicity.
Conclusions

This pilot using low dose sirolimus showed high efficacy in patients with therapy resistant and disabling low-flow malformation, with a lower incidence of serious adverse events (especially bone marrow toxicity and grade III liver toxicity). This is extremely relevant to patients with low-flow vascular malformation, as current clinical protocols tend to advise lifelong treatment.
Trial registration

The pilot study was part of a phase III study. Trial registration: EudraCT number: 2016-002157-38 and ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03987152, registered 06/14/2019 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03987152?term=sirolimus&cond=Vascular+Malformations&cntry=NL&draw=2&rank=1
Concurrent Targeting of MEG3 and Linc-ROR Increases the p53 Transcript in HCT116 Cells
Authors: Ramezani Mahbobeh , Shamsabadi Fatemeh , Shahbazi Majid
Published: December 2020

Recently, lncRNAs are used as a prospective strategy in cancer gene therapy. Dysregulation of the maternally expressed gene3 (MEG3) and the linc-ROR have demonstrated in colorectal cancer researches. This study evaluates the effect of concurrent silencing of linc-ROR and MEG3 activation on colon cancer cell survival in order to assess the p53 transcriptional activity and stability. The MEG3 and linc-ROR shRNA were cloned under the bidirectional CEA promoter (UM1). Transfection efficiency was examined by GFP expression under fluorescent microscope. Following transfection, the response of HCT116 cells was evaluated by MTS assay, apoptosis and cell cycle analyses. The expression of target genes along with the p53 were analyzed in the transcription level by qPCR.Proliferation of both cancer cell lines were significantly reduced at 48 h post-transfection. The UM1 significantly induced apoptosis in HCT116 (36.35%). Moreover, UM1 remarkably reduced the cell population in S phase. Also, concomitant up- and down-regulation of MEG3 and linc-ROR were attributed to the activation of p53 in transcription level. Concurrent silencing of linc-ROR and MEG3 activation in colon cancer cells resulted in the activation of p53 and reduced the cell proliferation. We found that the higher apoptosis induction was coupled with the enhancement of the p53 expression. The synergistic effect of target genes might serve as a useful approach for targeting p53 in colon cancer.
Selective Ablation of Cochlear Hair Cells Promotes Engraftment of Human Embryonic Stem Cells-derived Progenitors in The Mouse organ of Corti
Authors: Takeda Hiroki , Dondzillo Anna , Randall Jessica A. , Gubbels Samuel P.
Published: December 2020

Backgroud: Hearing loss affects 25% of the population at ages 60–69 years. Loss of the hair cells of the inner ear commonly underlies deafness and once lost this cell type cannot spontaneously regenerate in higher vertebrates. As a result there is a need for the development of regenerative strategies to replace hair cells once lost. Stem cell-based therapies are one such strategy and offer promise for cell replacement in a variety of tissues. A number of investigators have previously demonstrated successful implantation, and certain level of regeneration of hair and supporting cells in both avian and mammalian models using rodent pluripotent stem cells. However, the ability of human stem cells to engraft and generate differentiated cell types in the inner ear is not well understood. Methods: We differentiate human pluripotent stem cells to the pre-placodal stage in vitro then transplant them into the mouse cochlea after selective and complete lesioning of the endogenous population of hair cells. Results: We demonstrate that hair cell ablation prior to transplantation leads to increased engraftment in the auditory sensory epithelium, the organ of Corti, as well as differentiation of transplanted cells into hair and supporting cell immunophenotypes. Conclusion: We have demonstrated the feasibility of human stem cell engraftment into an ablated mouse organ of Corti.
Intravenous Administration of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Advanced-stage Critical COVID-19: a Case Report
Authors: Silva Katia Nunes , Pinheiro Priscila , Gobatto Andre , Passos Rogerio , Paredes Bruno , França Luciana , Nonaka Carolina , Barreto-Duarte Beatriz , Araújo-Pereira Mariana , Santos Rafael dos , Cruz Fernanda , Martins Gabriele , Andrade Bruno , Castro-Faria-Neto Hugo , Rocco Patricia , Souza Bruno Solano de Freitas
Published: December 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated- severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients may require prolonged mechanical ventilation, thus resulting in lung fibrosis and high fatality rates. Several therapies have been developed in patients with pneumonia requiring oxygen therapy as well as during the early course of invasive mechanical ventilation. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may have a role in controlling the hyperinflammatory response seen in such cases and prevent aggravation or increase/accelerate recovery. While MSC-based therapies have been studied mostly in patients that did not require invasive ventilation or during the first hours of tracheal intubation, to date the potential of MSC therapy to treat advanced-stage of severe/critical COVID-19 cases has not been extensively studied. Methods: This is a case report of a 30-year-old male patient who presented progressive clinical deterioration of COVID-19 in ICU after 21-day admission and 14 days with invasive mechanical ventilation. The first symptom onset was 35 days before MSC therapy. The patient was treated with allogenic human umbilical cord-derived MSCs [5 x 107 (2 doses 2 days interval)].Results: No serious adverse events attributed to MSC administration were observed during and after the procedure. Oxygenation (PaO2/FiO2 ratio) and the need for vasoactive drugs improved. Chest CT scan imaging, which showed signs of bilateral and peripheral ground-glass, consolidation as well as fibrosis, improved significantly during the time course of the disease. Patient was discharged 13 days after cell therapy. Cytokine analysis demonstrated modulation of different mediators accompanied by modulation of different cell populations in peripheral blood, including a reduction in inflammatory monocytes, increased frequency of patrolling monocytes, CD4+ lymphocytes and type 2 classical dendritic cells (cDC2). Conclusion: This study described for the first time the effects of MSC therapy in a patient at late stage COVID-19 associated severe lung injury and fibrosis. Therefore, further clinical trials should be design assessing the efficacy of MSC therapy in ARDS patients undergoing prolonged mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19.
Potential of resveratrol in enrichment of neural progenitor-like cells induction of human stem cells from apical papilla
Authors: Songsaad Anupong , Gonmanee Thanasup , Ruangsawasdi Nisarat , Phruksaniyom Chareerut , Thonabulsombat Charoensri
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Stem cell transplantation of exogenous neural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a promising approach of neurodegenerative disease. Human stem cells from apical papilla (hSCAPs) are derived from migratory neural crest stem cells, and exhibit a potential of neuronal differentiation. However, their neuronal differentiation is low and unpredictable. Resveratrol has been described as a sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activator which plays an important role in enhancing neuronal differentiation. In this study, we investigate the potential of resveratrol as an enhancer on neuronal differentiation through NPCs induction of hSCAPs.Methods: Stem cells were isolated from human apical papilla, and characterized as MSCs. The cellular toxicity of resveratrol treatment to the characterized hSCAPs was investigated by MTT assay. The non-cellular toxicity concentrations of resveratrol were assessed with various pre-treatment times to select the optimal condition that highly expressed the neural progenitor gene, NES. Consequently, the optimal condition of resveratrol pre-treatment was synergistically performed with a neuronal induction medium to trigger neuronal differentiation. The differentiated cells were visualized, the genes profiling was quantified, and the percentage of neuronal differentiation was calculated. Moreover, the intracellular calcium oscillation was demonstrated. Results: The cellular toxicity of resveratrol was not observed for up to 50 µM for 12 hours. Interestingly, hSCAPs pre-treated with 10 µM resveratrol for 12 hours (RSV-hSCAPs) significantly expressed NES, which is determined as the optimal condition. Under neuronal induction, both of hSCAPs and RSV-hSCAPs were differentiated (d-hSCAPs, and RSV-d-hSCAPs) as they exhibited neuronal-like appearances with Nissl substance staining. The highest expression of NES, and SOX1 was observed in RSV-d-hSCAPs. Additionally, the percentage of neuronal differentiation of RSV-d-hSCAPs was significantly higher than d-hSCAPs for 4 times. Importantly, the neuronal-like cells exhibited slightly increasing pattern of calcium intensity.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that pre-treatment of resveratrol strongly induces neural progenitor marker gene expression which synergistically enhances neural progenitor-like cells’ induction with neuronal induction medium.
Unplanned hospital readmission after surgical treatment for thoracic spinal stenosis: incidence and causative factors
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Longjie , Sun Zhuoran , Jiang Shuai , Li Weishi
Published: December 2020

Background To assess the incidence and causative factors of unplanned hospital readmission within 90 days after surgical treatment of thoracic spinal stenosis (TSS).Methods Hospital administrative database was queried to identify patients who underwent surgical treatment of TSS from July 2010 through December 2017. All unplanned readmissions within 90 days of discharge were reviewed for causes and the rate of unplanned readmissions was calculated. Patients of unplanned readmission were matched 1:3 to a control cohort without readmission.Results Twenty-one patients (incidence of 1.7% in 1239 patients) presented unplanned hospital readmission within a 90-day period and enrolled as the study group, 63 non-readmission patients (a proportion of 1: 3) were randomly selected as the control group. Causes of readmission include pseudomeningocele (8 patients; 38%), CSF leakage combined with poor incision healing (6 patients; 29%), wound dehiscence (2 patient; 9%), surgical site infection (2 patients; 9%), spinal epidural hematoma (1 patient; 5%), inadequate original surgical decompression (2 patients; 9%). Mean duration from re-admission to the first surgery was 39.6±28.2 days, most of the patients readmitted at the first 40 days (66.7%, 14/21 patients). When compared to the non-readmitted patients, diagnosis of OPLL+OFL, circumferential decompression, dural injury, long hospital stay were more to be seen in readmitted patients.Conclusions The incidence of 90-day unplanned readmission after surgical treatment for TSS is 1.7%, CSF leakage and pseudomeningocele were the most common causes of readmission, the peak period of readmission occurred from 10 to 40 days after surgery, patients should be closely followed up within this period.
A revision of Othius Stephens - V. The species of the Himalayan region (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Xantholininae).
Authors: Assing Volker
Published: December 2020

Die zugänglichen Typen und weiteres Material der Gattung Othius Stephens aus dem Himalaya werden revidiert. 12 von insgesamt 24 Arten werden neu beschrieben: O. extraordinarius sp. n. (Indien: Himachal-Pradesh), O. sinuosus sp. n. (Karakorum), O. infestus sp. n. (Ostnepal), O. acifer sp. n. (Ostnepal), O. conifer sp. n. (Ostnepal), O. truncatus sp. n. (Ostnepal), O. clavifer sp. n. (Ostnepal), O. virgifer sp. n. (Ostnepal), O. corniger sp. n. (Ostnepal), O. longicuneatus sp. n. (Zentralnepal) , O. jaegeri sp. n. (Zentralnepal), und O. schawalleri sp. n. (Zentralnepal). Othiogeiton nepalensis Scheerpeltz, 1976 wird der Gattung Othius Stephens zugeordnet; Othiogeiton Scheerpeltz, 1976 wird damit Synonym von Othius Stephens, 1829. Für Othius apicalis Cameron, 1926, Othius flavocaudatus Cameron, 1926 und Othius ruficornis Cameron, 1928 werden Lektotypen designiert. Die Differentialdiagnosen der Arten werden, soweit möglich, durch Abbildungen der Genitalien und weiterer Unterscheidungsmerkmale und durch Angaben zur Verbreitung und Bionomie ergänzt. Für die Othius-Arten des Himalaya-Gebietes wird eine Bestimmungstabelle vorgelegt.StichwörterColeoptera - Staphylinidae - Xantholininae - Othiini - Othius - Palaearctic - Himalaya - distribution - ecology - taxonomy - revision - new species - lectotype designation - new synonym - key to species.Nomenklatorische Handlungenacifer Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.apicalis Cameron, 1926 (Othius), Lectotypeclavifer Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.conifer Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.corniger Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.extraordinarius Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.flavocaudatus Cameron, 1926 (Othius), Lectotypeinfestus Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.jaegeri Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.longicuneatus Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.nepalensis (Scheerpeltz, 1976) (Othius), comb. n. hitherto Othiogeiton nepalensisruficornis Cameron, 1928 (Othius), Lectotypeschawalleri Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.sinuosus Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.truncatus Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.virgifer Assing, 1998 (Othius), spec. n.