bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AISLAMIENTO POR COVID-19 EN EL AMBA Y EN EL RESTO DEL PAÍS: ESTUDIO TRANSVERSAL DE CAMBIOS EN HÁBITOS Y ESTILO DE VIDA
Authors:   Centro de Endocrinología Experimental y Aplicada, Universidad Nacional de la Plata-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas- Convocatorio a Centro Asociados- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNLPCONICET-CeAs CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Elgart Jorge F. , Flores Luis , Abraham Analía G. , Garrote Graciela L. , Torrieri Rocío , Gagliardino Juan J. ,   Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de la Plata (CONICET-UNLP), Área Bioquímica y Control de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: the confinement imposed to reduce the spread of COVID-19 induces changes in habits and unhealthy lifestyles. Objectives: to verify changes associated with confinement in eating habits and lifestyle in the Argentine population and their differences between the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (AMBA) and the rest of the country. Materials and methods: cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study, through an “online” survey (December 2020) carried out on adults residing in Argentina. Age, gender and place of residence were surveyed, as well as the changes registered regarding weight, eating habits, physical activity, desire to eat and quality of sleep. A descriptive analysis of the valid surveys received (N=1,536) was carried out, verifying differences between the regions using parametric and nonparametric tests, considering significant p<0.05. Results: 75.1% of the participants were women (38.8±13.1 years), 60.5% from the AMBA and 39.5% from the rest of the country. Isolation was associated with changes that impacted on the psychological, stress, healthy habits, and sleep, with some significant regional differences. However, the common end result between AMBA and the rest of the country was the greater increase in caloric intake and the decrease in physical activity that led to 39.7% of the participants increasing their weight (mean 4.8±2,8 kg). Conclusions: isolation was associated with undesirable side effects, which could be diminished through the virtual promotion of healthy habits that would simultaneously decrease the growth of obesity and diabetes. Key words: COVID-19; social isolation; eating habits; lifestyle; physical activity.
İSTANBUL ARKEOLOJİ MÜZELERİ’NDE YER ALAN HİNDİSTAN PERSONİFİKASYONLU BİR TABAĞIN İKONOGRAFİK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ
Authors: YILDIRIM ATEŞ Berna
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, Çanakkale’nin Lapseki ilçesinde bulunan ve kilise hazinesi’ ne ait bir gümüş tabağın üzerinde yer alan personifikasyon tasvirinin farklılaşan yönleri üzerine durulmuştur. Konusu itibariyle geniş bir yelpazeye sahip olan bu eserde “Hindistan’ın” kişiselleştirildiği görülür. M.S. 6. yüzyıla tarihlendirilen eser antik çağın uzun zamandır bilinen görsel temsillerinin gecikmiş bir görünümünü sunmaktadır. Personifikasyon olgusunun daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için öncelikle kavramın Antik Çağ’daki Hindistan algısı açıklanmıştır. Bu algının, belirli bir ideolojiyi ve felsefeyi aktarma amacıyla seçilen kavramların temelini oluşturduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Dönemin sosyo-kültürel yapısını, toplumun bakış açısını, önem verdikleri değerleri ve dini inançları karşılayan algı temsil ettiği kavramla uyumlu bir şekilde gelişmiştir. Bu bilgiler ışığında, Lapseki Hazinesi’ne ait gümüş tabakta yer alan Hindistan personifikasyonu belirli bir amaç doğrultusunda kullanılmıştır. Dolayısıyla, esere bakan kişiye felsefik ve/veya ideolojik bir mesajın verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Hindistan’ın Roma’nın bir parçası olduğu fikri gizli bir mesajla tabakta örtük bir biçim olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Askeri fetih ilkesi kadın figürü dışında, boyun eğme jestleriyle eğilmiş yetişkin erkeklerin mevcudiyetiyle de vurgulanmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, Afrika ile Hindistan'ı ilişkilendiren unsurlarda yer almaktadır. Bağlantılı bir bölge olarak alt kıta ile aynı coğrafi birim içinde düşünülmesi ise şaşırtıcı bir durum değildir. Hindistan ve Afrika'nın sözde karıştırılmasından veya birleştirilmesinden bir sonuç çıkartıldığında, bu durumun bir yanılgıdan ziyade bilinmeyeni bilinenden hareketle açıklama amacını taşır. Ayrıca kiliseye maddi değeri yüksek olduğu için sunulduğu ve/veya hediye edildiği düşünülen bu eserin kilisede bir paten olarak kullanıp kullanmadığı sorusunun cevabını verebilmek oldukça zordur.
Russell, D.; Hale, S. Interpreting in Legal Settings. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press, 2008. 180p.
Authors: Beer Hanna , Santos Silvana Aguiar dos
Published: December 2021

Resenha de RUSSELL, D.; HALE, S. Interpreting in Legal Settings. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press, 2008. 180p.
Mercado de Trabalho de Intérpretes e Tradutores de Língua Brasileira de Sinais e Língua Portuguesa: identidade e profissionalização
Authors: Vilaça-Cruz Renata Cristina
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma análise do mercado de trabalho de um grupo de intérpretes e tradutores de língua brasileira de sinais e língua portuguesa. O objetivo é descrever este mercado a partir das seguintes perspectivas: contextos de atuação, jornada de trabalho, remuneração, trabalho voluntário, valorização e descrição das atividades desenvolvidas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo descritiva. Os participantes são dezoito intérpretes e tradutores que atuam no interior do estado de Minas Gerais. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de questionário e grupo focal. Na análise dos dados foram utilizadas duas categorias criadas, com base em Bardin (2007): identidade profissional e profissionalização. Os resultados indicam que os profissionais atuam em diferentes contextos, predominantemente, em interpretação educacional; apontam longa jornada de trabalho; exercem funções que ultrapassam as atividades de interpretação e tradução; vivenciam momento de busca por valorização social da profissão e ruptura da visão assistencialista. Conclui-se que há necessidade de se desenvolverem políticas de valorização e consciência social da profissão de intérprete e tradutor de Libras-português.
Interpretação de Conferências: percepção de intérpretes de Libras-português sobre a atuação em cabine
Authors: Nogueira Tiago Coimbra
Published: December 2021

Neste trabalho, discutimos a interpretação das línguas de sinais, mais especificamente da Libras (Língua Brasileira de Sinais) para a Língua Portuguesa, em contexto de conferência na cabine. A princípio, abordamos o caminho da atuação dos intérpretes de conferência. Para isso, apresentamos um breve histórico contemplando alguns fatos presentes na literatura que destacam situações de interpretação em cabine e citamos alguns dos personagens históricos, a partir de Bowen et al. (2003) e Pagura (2010). Em seguida, abordamos a interpretação em cabine realizada por intérpretes de línguas de sinais, na tentativa de descrever essa situação de interpretação, ainda rara para os intérpretes de língua de sinais no Brasil. Por fim, refletimos sobre as vantagens, problemas e desafios desse tipo de interpretação, com o intuito de apresentar uma discussão das percepções dos intérpretes e demonstrar pontos relevantes dessa realidade, pouco explorada por intérpretes de língua de sinais.
O Pequeno Príncipe em Libras: uma proposta de crítica de tradução - Versão Sintética em Libras
Authors: Barros Ricardo Oliveira , Aseff Marlova Gonsales
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho discute as dificuldades e os possíveis caminhos ao construir a crítica da tradução de O Pequeno Príncipe para a Libras realizada pelo projeto Acessibilidade em Bibliotecas Públicas (ABP) do governo federal brasileiro. Busca-se responder às seguintes perguntas: Que critérios podem ser seguidos para construir uma crítica de uma tradução para a língua de sinais? Que dificuldades estão envolvidas neste processo? Seguindo a perspectiva de análise reflexiva de Berman (1995), se buscou desenvolver, por meio do escrutínio da tradução em questão e do cotejo entre ela e o seu original, ponderações que fossem mais do que somente uma atribuição de valor ao trabalho do tradutor. O processo de construção da crítica foi então observado a fim de inferir as dificuldades de criticar obras em Libras e que parâmetros podem funcionar como guia para a análise. Concluiu-se que o crítico enfrenta questões ligadas ao registro em vídeo e ao fato de o sistema literário da Libras ser ainda jovem. E, ainda, que analisar a maneira como as traduções se alocam frente às demais obras em Libras é importante para que as discussões sobre esse polissistema literário se consolidem como área de estudo.
Tradução e Interpretação Audiovisual da Língua de Sinais (TIALS) no Brasil: um estudo de recepção sobre as janelas de Libras na comunidade surda - Versão Sintética em Libras
Authors: Nascimento Vinícius
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, são apresentados os resultados de uma pesquisa de amplitude nacional que objetivou comprender a preferência dos surdos em relação às janelas de Libras, que constituem o espaço de circulação da tradução e interpretação da língua de sinais em obras audiovisuais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário virtual bilíngue que circulou entre a comunidade surda brasileira por meio das redes sociais apresentando aos respondentes surdos cinco propostas de janelas para três gêneros do audiovisual: cinematográfico-comédia, jornalístico-televisivo e videoaula. Os respondentes avaliaram cada proposta com notas entre 1 (ruim) e 5 (excelente). Os dados mostram que a preferência pelas janelas se altera de acordo com o gênero avaliado. As mesmas propostas receberam diferentes avaliações nos três gêneros. As propostas oficiais não foram bem aceitas para os gêneros no qual elas foram criadas e as janelas elaboradas pelo mercado receberam avaliação positiva em dois dos gêneros propostos. Os dados indicam que há a necessidade de debate sobre as proposições e inserções dessas janelas a partir dos gêneros discursivos e não por uma imposição normativa estanque, bem como a necessidade de mais estudos de recepção junto à comunidade surda em relação à TIALS.
Literatura Surda: análise de um conto infantil à luz da tradução intercultural e intermodal - Versão Sintética em Libras
Authors: Cruz Lyvia de Araújo , Guedes Michelle Arrais , Lemos Andrea Michiles
Published: December 2021

Este artigo insere-se no campo da Literatura Surda em sua interface com os Estudos da Tradução e com os Estudos Culturais. Neste trabalho apresentamos uma análise da tradução (português/libras) do conto literário “O sanduíche da Maricota” de Avelino Guedes. O nosso objetivo consiste em analisar a tradução do conto, comparando-a a uma nova proposta tradutória desenvolvida por nós, proposta esta que considera as estratégias de uma tradução intermodal e intercultural. Nesta pesquisa de cunho qualitativo e descritivo, recorremos ao procedimento do estudo de caso. Quanto aos pressupostos teóricos, lançamos mão das noções de Literatura Surda apresentadas por Karnopp, Sutton-Spence e Silveira e trabalhamos com os aportes teóricos da Tradução Intermodal e Intercultural trazidos por Segala e Valente. Existem poucas pesquisas sobre a tradução literária em Libras. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário mais discussões acerca dos trabalhos existentes, para que possamos pensar novas estratégias para a produção de novos conhecimentos sobre o processo de tradução literária para surdos. A contribuição deste artigo é compartilhar conhecimentos acerca da tradução intermodal e intercultural para surdos, assim como colaborar com o processo de qualificação dos profissionais de tradução voltados ao âmbito literário.
Does Law Matter?
Authors: Schauer Frederick
Published: December 2021

Implicit in almost all of legal philosophy is the belief that law matters. But is that belief sound, and, if it is, then why, when, where, and how does law matter? Thus, exploring the conceptual, normative, and empirical dimensions of the proposition that law matters represents a cluster of questions that, if not the most important questions in legal philosophy, are certainly among the most important.
Hajek's understanding of law
Authors: Trifunovic Djordje
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the author will try to present Hayek 's understanding of law in a concise way, with reference to all institutions and processes related to such a topic, through the analysis of Hayek's works as well as the analysis of the critique of his understandings. First of all, his evolutionary approach will be explained, which enables the processes in a society to be viewed analogously to natural processes. Further, the main thesis of Hayek's theory will be elaborated, that is the connection between the market and common law in the embodiment of the spontaneous order on the one hand, and the made order which Hayek calls "taxis" on the other hand. Additionally, Hayek's understanding of the purpose and character of law as well as his understanding of the law, as well as his distinction between the law of freedom and the law of coercion, i.e. between "nomos" and "thesis". Finally, this paper attempt to represent the Hayek's detailed inquiry into human behaviour, the limitations of human possibilities as well as the misconceptions that have ruled for centuries which stem from the belief in the unlimited powers of science.
Ne bis in idem in the jurisprudence of the European Court on Human Rights with special emphasis on the case Milenković v. Serbia
Authors: Zdravković Ana
Published: December 2021

In comparative and domestic case law, individuals are often being criminally prosecuted for actions that also contain elements of misdemeanours or other administrative or disciplinary offenses, for which they have already been trialed and even punished. This is evidentially a violation of the ne bis in idem principle, which represents not only one of the basic pillars of criminal law, but also internationally protected human right. Therefore, through analysis of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, in particular Milenković v. Serbia case, together with the stands of domestic courts on the topic at hand, it will be illustrated that inadequate application of the prohibition against double jeopardy necessarily leads to inadequate criminal protection, shortage of just satisfaction for victims and undermining of legal certainty.
Perception and implementation status of enhanced recovery after surgery
Authors: Kim Eun Young
Published: December 2021

Background: The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program that is being implemented in Korea is difficult to investigate because it is not a standardized protocol with a unified content, and it instead differs according to the details for each hospital. Herein, the author would like to introduce and analyze the results of a recently conducted large-scale survey on the current status and perception of the ERAS program in Korea among large domestic hospitals.Current Concepts: Surveys of domestic general surgeons in 2019 and hepatobiliary-pancreatic surgeons in 2020 both showed lower-than-expected response rates of less than 50% in questions related to perception and clinical implementation of the ERAS program. Thus, implementation of ERAS items related to the limited application of preoperative fasting and surgical drain insertion and active nutritional support before and after surgery remains low.Discussion and Conclusion: For surgeons in Korea, the implementation of ERAS programs and perception levels were low. In this regard, it is necessary to improve awareness through systematic education and promotion of the ERAS program, and supplementation of related multidisciplinary professional manpower and financial resources is essential to facilitate practical implementation of ERAS programs in clinical practice.
THE GIRL UP PROJECT: A PROPOSAL TO TEACH TRANSCREATION AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT SKILLS
Authors: Carreira Oliver
Published: December 2021

Technology is quickly disrupting the language services industry. These abrupt changes may worsen the employability of translation students, who require new skills to adapt to this changing market. Transcreation, a type of creative translation that mostly takes place in the marketing and advertising areas, can be an empowering area for students in terms of professional development and employability. To familiarize undergraduate translation students with transcreation practices, we have developed the “Girl Up Project”: a situated training initiative oriented to consolidate theoretical concepts on the topic, develop their organizational and creative skills, improve their teamwork abilities and establish a clear connection between the training initiative and the industry.The outcomes of the project seem to confirm that this type of initiative is useful to improve the knowledge of students on transcreation and transcreation project management skills. Keywords: transcreation, translation training, situated learning, employability, simulated projects
REFINING THE PIE METHOD (PRESELECTED ITEMS EVALUATION) IN TRANSLATOR TRAINING
Authors: Colman Amy , Segers Winibert , Verplaetse Heidi
Published: December 2021

This paper explains how to use the PIE method, a criterion- and norm-referenced analytical translation evaluation method, with particular emphasis on translator training. In addition, it sheds light on the test construct and the preparation phase that precedes the PIE evaluation. The source text and item selection, as well as the dichotomous categorisation of translation solutions are discussed in detail. This paper also clarifies and refines two contentious issues in the psychometric component of the PIE method. Firstly, the p-value range, which the authors have revised. Secondly, the calculation of the d-index by means of the extreme groups method. The authors propose two additional methods to calculate the d-index, viz., the adjusted and unadjusted item-total correlation, which, unlike the extreme groups method, take into account all test takers rather than just a set percentage of test takers. Keywords: PIE, Preselected Items Evaluation, translation evaluation, translator trainingl test takers rather than just a set percentage of test takers.
Fertilización de dos grupos genéticos de Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham. en un ensayo de progenies de cuatro años
Authors: Velázquez-Castro Iván J. , Aldrete Arnulfo , López-Upton Javier , López-López Miguel Á. , Etchevers-Barra Jorge D.
Published: December 2021

Introducción: El mejoramiento genético y el manejo nutrimental son utilizados para aumentar la capacidad productiva. Objetivo: Analizar el efecto de fertilizantes tradicionales y de liberación controlada, así como la forma de definir las dosis (técnica o empíricamente), sobre el crecimiento de 20 familias de árboles de Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham. Materiales y métodos: Se aplicaron cuatro tratamientos de fertilización: 1) control; 2) “técnico”, basado en análisis foliares; 3) liberación controlada (18-6-12 + 2CaO + 3.5 Mg + 2.1 Si + microelementos) y 4) mezcla de fertilizantes agrícolas en concentraciones nutrimentales semejantes al tratamiento de liberación controlada. La altura, diámetro, índice de biomasa, número de verticilos, masa foliar e inicio y cese de crecimiento se evaluaron en un grupo de 10 familias superiores y otro de 10 familias inferiores de tres años en Chignahuapan, Puebla. Los datos se analizaron con el procedimiento MIXED de SAS. Resultados y discusión: Los árboles no presentaron diferencias significativas en el crecimiento, producción de biomasa e inicio de crecimiento por efecto de la fertilización, pero sí por la calidad genética (P ≤ 0.05). La interacción genotipo*fertilización fue significativa; después de un año de la aplicación de fertilizantes de liberación controlada, los genotipos inferiores presentaron los valores más altos de las tasas relativas de producción de biomasa, diámetro al cuello de la raíz y altura. Conclusiones: Los fertilizantes de liberación controlada en dosis y condiciones ambientales adecuadas son una opción viable para promover el crecimiento de árboles jóvenes de P. patula en campo.
Suministro y calidad del agua de escurrimientos en la selva mediana subcaducifolia de la Costa de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Blancas-Díaz Estrella E. , Castañeda-Hidalgo Ernesto , Robles Celerino , Rodríguez-Ortiz Gerardo , Santiago-Martínez Gisela M. , Villegas-Aparicio Yuri
Published: December 2021

Introducción: El cambio de uso del suelo y el vertido de residuos provenientes del beneficio del café pueden estar afectando la cantidad y la calidad del agua que abastece las zonas urbanas de la región costa de Oaxaca. Objetivo: Determinar el grado de contaminación de cuerpos acuíferos y estimar la escorrentía superficial del agua en las microcuencas de Pluma Hidalgo y Santa María Huatulco en Oaxaca, México. Materiales y métodos: Siete puntos de abastecimiento de agua se analizaron durante la temporada de lluvias de 2019. Se determinaron los parámetros fisicoquímicos siguientes: pH, sólidos disueltos totales, conductividad eléctrica, dureza, sólidos totales, cloruros y demanda química de oxígeno (DQO). La escorrentía superficial se estimó con los métodos Raws y Prevert. Resultados y discusión. Las aguas se encuentran dentro de los límites permisibles para uso humano. El agua del manantial de Chacalapilla se clasificó como moderadamente dura (85 mg CaCO3∙L-1), mientras que la de los siete cuerpos acuíferos excedió el límite permisible de DQO (40 a 200 mg∙L-1); por tanto, el agua se encuentra en un rango de clasificación contaminada y no es apta para consumo humano. Los valores de escorrentía superficial sugieren un estado medio de conservación de la cobertura vegetal; las áreas con mayor cobertura registraron coeficientes menores de escorrentía. Conclusiones. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos indicaron que el agua proveniente de Pluma Hidalgo y Santa María Huatulco es apta para el uso humano, pero no para el consumo.
Parámetros genéticos de un ensayo de progenies de Pinus greggii Engelmann ex Parlatore var. australis Donahue & López en la Mixteca Alta de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Reyes-Esteves Gina I. , López-Upton Javier , Velasco-García Mario V. , Jiménez-Casas Marcos
Published: December 2021

Introducción: La Mixteca Alta Oaxaqueña posee alta degradación ambiental. Para recuperar la cobertura vegetal se han plantado varias especies; Pinus greggii Engelmann ex Parlatore var. australis Donahue & López ha crecido con éxito aun sin material seleccionado. Objetivo: Determinar el desempeño del crecimiento y los parámetros genéticos de 90 familias a edades tempranas, para su uso en la selección de árboles superiores. Materiales y métodos: En San Miguel Achiutla, Oaxaca, se evaluó la variación genética del crecimiento, conformación y rectitud de 90 familias seleccionadas de polinización libre de P. greggii var. australis, en un ensayo de progenies a los cinco años de plantación en dos sitios de calidad diferentes. La variación genética aditiva, la heredabilidad (h2 ) y las correlaciones genética y fenotípica se calcularon. Resultados y discusión: En general, las h2 fueron superiores en el sitio más fértil. La altura, verticilos, rectitud y volumen presentaron mayor control genético (0.09 < h2 i < 0.18). La h2 i de la rectitud del fuste fue mayor cuando se evaluó completo que dividido en tres secciones. Las correlaciones genéticas fueron altas y positivas entre las variables de crecimiento (rg > 0.81; diámetro vs. volumen = 0.99) y bajas a moderadas en el resto. El volumen tuvo mayor correlación genética con otras características y mayor variación genética y heredabilidad, por lo que pudiera usarse como criterio de selección en el ciclo de mejora. Algunas correlaciones genéticas difirieron contrastantemente entre sitios en iguales pares de variables. Conclusión: Las diferencias entre familias y la heredabilidad permitirán la identificación de individuos superiores para fuentes de germoplasma de uso regional.
Risk of infestations by Dendroctonus mexicanus Hopkins and Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann bark beetles in forests of Michoacán
Authors:   Colegio de Postgraduados, Postgrado en Ciencias Forestales. Carretera México Texcoco km 36.5. C. P. 56230. Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México, Martínez-Rincón Sigifredo , Valdez-Lazalde José R. ,   Colegio de Postgraduados, Postgrado en Ciencias Forestales. Carretera México Texcoco km 36.5. C. P. 56230. Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México, de los Santos-Posadas Héctor M. ,   Colegio de Postgraduados, Postgrado en Ciencias Forestales. Carretera México Texcoco km 36.5. C. P. 56230. Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México, Sánchez-Martínez Guillermo ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Centro de InvestigaciónRegional Norte-Centro, Campo Experimental Pabellón. Carretera Aguascalientes-Zacatecas km 32.5. C. P. 20670. Pabellón de Arteaga, Aguascalientes, México
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Severe Dendroctonus spp. infestations are reported in North and Central America. Dendroctonus mexicanus Hopkins and Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann are recognized as forest pests and are common in the state of Michoacán, Mexico.Objective: To model current and future (2015-2039) spatial distribution of risk D. mexicanus and D. frontalis infestation in forests of Michoacán, Mexico.Materials and methods: Multicriteria evaluation techniques, including the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy membership functions, were combined with climate and biophysical variables to obtain forest infestation risk maps for D. mexicanus and D. frontalis under current and future climate scenarios.Results and discussion: Climate, fire, tree density and topography were identified as relevant criteria influencing bark beetle outbreaks. The maximum risk value estimated for D. mexicanus was 0.78 and 0.83 for the current and future scenarios, respectively; for D. frontalis these values correspond to 0.84 and 0.85, respectively. In terms of area, high risk of infestation by D. mexicanus increased from 3.9 % (current scenario) to 5.0 % (future scenario); for D. frontalis it decreased from 10.8 % to 9.6 %. The very high-risk value remained constant (0.35 %) for both species and scenarios.Conclusions: Forests of the Transversal Volcanic Belt (in the northeastern part of Michoacán) have the highest risk of bark beetle infestation in the two modeled scenarios.
Anatomía de la madera de Magnolia rzedowskiana Vázquez, Domínguez & Pedraza, especie endémica de la Sierra Madre Oriental, México
Authors: Cuapio-Hernández Liliana , Sánchez-González Arturo , Pavón-Hernández Numa P. , López-Herrera Maritza , Borja-de la Rosa Ma. Amparo
Published: December 2021

Introducción: Magnolia rzedowskiana Vázquez, Domínguez & Pedraza es una especie arbórea endémica del bosque mesófilo de montaña de la Sierra Madre Oriental; sus poblaciones, poco densas y aisladas entre sí, se consideran en riesgo de extinción. Objetivo: Describir las características anatómicas microscópicas de la madera de M. rzedowskiana, para contribuir al conocimiento biológico de esta especie. Materiales y métodos: Las muestras de madera se obtuvieron por un método no destructivo, extrayendo dos núcleos de crecimiento de cinco árboles adultos en cada uno de los cuatro sitios de muestreo ubicados en las localidades Chilijapa y Zotictla en Hidalgo, La Yesca en Querétaro y ejido La Trinidad en San Luis Potosí. Los núcleos se seccionaron en submuestras, para elaborar preparaciones fijas a partir de cortes en sentido tangencial, transversal y radial. Las características se identificaron con microscopio óptico y se describieron de acuerdo con los criterios de la IAWA (International Association of Wood Anatomists). Resultados y discusión: Se diferenciaron zonas de crecimiento, porosidad difusa, poros solitarios y múltiples radiales en arreglo intermedio entre radial y tangencial; placa de perforación escaleriforme y fibras libriformes; parénquima axial paratraqueal y apotraqueal difuso y escaso; rayos biseriados combinados con triseriados, uniseriados y heterocelulares compuestos de células procumbentes con una hilera arriba y debajo de células cuadradas marginales con cuerpos de aceite. La madera se distingue por su mesomorfía y resistencia a la sequía. Conclusión: La descripción anatómica de M. rzedowskiana es un aporte al conocimiento biológico. En el sentido económico, la madera tiene potencial de uso para la producción de pulpa para papel
Strength Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) Profile of Children with Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Agung Jeffrey , Setiawati Yunias , Febryana Nining
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The increasing number of hospital visits by children with sensorineural deafness needs attention. Apart from causing functional communication disruption, it is also initiating a psychopathological stressor that triggers mental health disorders such as emotional, depression, lack of self-confidence, and behavioral problems, which overall impact the quality of life of children in Indonesia’s future. The aim of this study is to identify emotional and behavioral problems in sensorineural deaf children using the Strength Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
Methods: This study used a descriptive observational research design. The subjects of this study were children with sensorineural deafness who visited the pediatric hearing center in Jala Puspa clinic, in Naval Hospital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya, in January 2021. The data was collected using the Strength Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) questionnaire. The data were analyzed descriptively.
Results: The respondents in this study were 50 sensorineural deaf children consisting of 27 boys and 23 girls. The results show that both children with sensorineural deafness who used a hearing aid or cochlear implants had a natural tendency to have emotional and behavioral problems, indicated by the difficulty subscale score. Borderline degrees of 20 (91%) children using hearing aid and 15 (54%) in children using cochlear implants (CI), on the power subscale indicated 11 (50%) in children using hearing aid and 9 (32 %) in children taking CI.
Conclusion: Both sensorineural deaf children using hearing aids and cochlear implants tend to have emotional and behavioral problems.
The Tendency for Adolescent Girls to Feel Comfortable in Communicating About Puberty and Reproductive Health with their Families: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kurniawati Eighty Mardiyan , Ernawati Ernawati , Rahmawati Nur Anisah , Safitri Cahyani Tiara , Salsabilla Safa
Published: December 2021

ackground: There are knowledge problems related to puberty and health problems among adolescent girls so that they cannot be confident in effectively handling changes in their bodies during puberty as well as long-term reproductive health. Purpose: This study aims to systematically review the tendency for adolescent girls to feel comfortable in communicating about puberty and reproductive health with their families. Method: Systematic review is conducted in accordance with the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The search was conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases on English studies from 2016-2021 published date. Results: Adolescent girls feel free to discuss issues related to puberty such as the development of secondary sex characters, menarche, and menstruation with the mother due to feelings and gender-specific compatibility This is due to stigma and perceived taboos in sociocultural factors. Fluency in communication is also caused by various factors such as knowledge between family and children, the number of families and attitudes and ways of communication of parents. Conclusion: Parental involvement is important in giving knowledge about reproductive health for adolescent girls but must ensure that the family have good knowledge and good ways of communication as well as approaches to overcome barriers in the gender perspective.
Effect of BMI on Foot Dimensions in Different Weight Bearing Conditions of Obokwe Indigenes in Imo State
Authors: Manuel Bob- , Fubara Ibinabo. , Ogoun Ogoun , Richard Timipa
Published: December 2021

The understanding of the effect of BMI on foot dimensions under different weight bearing conditions can help in the design and production of a comfortable and efficient foot support. This study is aimed at using Body Mass Index (BMI) to correlate the foot dimensions of males and females under different weight bearing conditions. The foot dimensions of 320 subjects (160 males and 160 females) between the age range of 19 and above with normal foot were measured under three weight bearing conditions: non-weight bearing, semi-weight bearing, and full-weight bearing. Height, weight and BMI of the individuals were recorded. The data collected was analysed using SPSS software version (20). Paired sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient test was done for calculating the statistical significance. The change in foot breadth of semi-weight bearing condition (FBSN) produced a significant correlation with BMI(p<0.05) but that with Foot length (FLSN) and Arch height (AHSN) was not statistically significant for the males. Also, the change in Foot length of full weight bearing condition (FLFN), Foot breadth (FBFN) and Arch height (AHFN) was not statistically significant for the males. There was significant correlation between BMI and the change in foot dimensions such as FLFN, AHSN, AHFN (p<0.05) but that with FLSN, FBSN and FBFN was not statistically significant for the females. Not all foot dimensions can be significantly influenced by BMI. This study is useful in considering the effect of BMI in the change of foot shape in weight-bearing during the selection of shoe size and shoe or insole design and construction and to the orthotics during the design of fitting devices for foot support. Also, it can be useful in forensic science.
A Method for Automatic Measurement of Oil Flow Rate
Authors: Ab.G. Rzayev , R.Sh. Asadova , Z.G. Gurbanov
Published: December 2021

The article deals with a problem related to the oil industry, in particular to measuring equipment, and can be applied to centralized control systems measuring the flow rate of two-phase (oil and water) three-component output of a group of wells.
The effect of salinity and temperature on egg hatching rate, hatching time and larval activity of Farfantepenaeus aztecus (Ives, 1891) (Decapoda: Penaeidae)
Authors: ÇOLAKOĞLU DURMUŞ Dilber , AKTAŞ Mevlüt
Published: December 2021

This study was conducted to determine the optimum temperature and salinity for the hatching rate, hatching time of eggs and larval activity of Farfantepenaeus aztecus (Ives, 1891). For this purpose, F. aztecus, which was caught from nature in the 4th gonad stage and were spawned on the same night in controlled laboratory conditions. The eggs were stocked in 2-l round bottom glass flasks and received one of nine temperature (24, 28 and 32°C) and salinity (30, 35 and 40 ppt) combinations as 50 eggs per liter after determining the fertility rate of the eggs. Although eggs hatched in all salinity and temperature combinations, water temperature, salinity and interaction had significant effects on hatching rate, hatching time and larval activity (P<0.05). Considering only salinity, the best hatching ratio was found at 35 ppt (48.44%), 40 ppt (47.89%) and the lowest hatching rate was found at 30 ppt (34.77%, P<0.05). It was found that the best hatching ratios were at 28°C (52.22%), at 32°C (48.33%) and followed by the eggs incubated 24°C (30.55%, P<0.05). The incubation time was shortened due to the increase in water temperature and changed between 11.40-17.10 hours. It was determined that the activities of the larvae incubated at lowest water temperature (24°C) and at 30 ppt were weaker than those incubated at 28°C and 35- 40 ppt salinities. The results show that 28-32°C water temperature and sea salinity slightly less than the salinity of the Mediterranean Sea (38.5 ppt) are optimal for the incubation eggs and for the production of high quality nauplii of F. aztecus found in the Northeastern Mediterranean.
Ro-Ro gemi kazalarının vaka bazlı HFACS analizi
Authors: DEMİRCİ Eşref Can , GÜLMEZ Seçil
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ro-Ro yük gemilerinde insan hatalarının sebep olduğu deniz kaza türlerinin tespiti ve bu kazaların sınıflandırılmasında İnsan Faktörleri Analiz ve Sınıflandırma Sistemi (Human Factors Analysis and Classification System-HFACS) yönteminin kullanışlılığının analiz edilmesidir. Bu kapsamda 30 farklı Ro-Ro gemi kazası incelenmiş, kazaya sebebiyet veren insan faktörleri tespit edilmiştir. Kaza sebepleri, 6 uzman ile birlikte gerçekleştirilen odak grup çalışması ile değerlendirilerek HFACS düzey ve kriterlerine göre kodlanmıştır. Yapılan bu sınıflanma ile birlikte kazalara sebebiyet veren insan hatalarına ait hata oranları tespit edilmiştir.
TECHNOLOGIES OF CORPUS LINGUISTICS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS ' VOCABULARY
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazak National university Almaty, Kazakhstan, Sisebaev А. Zh. , Suyundukova A.Zh. ,   Al-Farabi Kazak National university Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: December 2021

The main tasks facing a modern foreign language teacher are to enrich the content of education and improve the educational process and to master new information technologies in a timely manner. The technologies of corpus linguistics considered in this article certainly belong to this technology.The article focuses on the use of corpus linguistics technology in the development of students' vocabulary.Also, the topic of corpus linguistics is touched upon:history of development, types and applications.As a result, it is determined that exercises for the development of students' lexical skills on the basis of the linguistic corpus are effective if the necessary conditions are met.
THEMATIC AND IDEOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE STORIES OF Zh. NAZHIMEDENOVA
Authors:   Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai,Almaty,Kazakhstan, Zhetybai R.K. , Saparova Sh.A. ,   T. K. Zhurgenov Kazakh National Academy of Arts,Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: December 2021

The article comprehensively analyzes the stories of Zhumeken Nazhimedenov “Солай, ұлым”, “Азамат ауылы”, “Көне жұрт”, “Бақсы”, “Оркиік”. The analysis of the plot is carried out from the point of view of the author's process, from the point of view of the artistic structure. There are thematic features and ideological features. There is also an overview of the literary processes of the 60-80s. It is analyzed from the point of view of content and form, and an overview of the art world is made. Current ideas are discussed and topics are classified according to the literary classification. The relevance of the article is to analyze the thematic and ideological features of conversations that are not analyzed in the prose of past eras, to identify the main topics and current ideas of that era, to compare the advantages and disadvantages of stories of that period. Comparing the topics raised in the stories of Zhumeken Nazhimedenov, we can give an example of the main themes and main ideas of the stories of prose writers who received a good rating in their period, such as Sh.Murtaza, S. Muratbekov, A. Suleimenov, written in the 1960s and 1980s. He clearly showed their similarities and differences in the works of other writers.
FEATURES OF USING MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPMENT OF LANGUAGE COMPETENCE
Authors:   Kazakh National Women's Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan,  Magistrant oft he1st year, Abilkairova R.I. , Sadykova R.K. ,   Kazakh National Women's Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan,  candidate of philological sciences
Published: December 2021

The article examines the important role of modern technologies for teaching English as a foreign language in foreign language education. The use of modern technologies and information innovative technologies in the formation of the competencies of future specialists in a foreign language, the use of modern information technologies in the educational and methodological process allows the future specialist to acquire knowledge, skills and become competitive in the future. In many scientific publications, the concept of "competence" is associated with the definition of personality traits as a set of knowledge, skills, abilities, actions. In any life situation, a future specialist can be literate if he can apply the acquired knowledge and skills in life in any situation. The only way to demonstrate competitiveness is to develop competence. In general, the competence of a specialist is a combination of knowledge, skills, personal qualities and skills necessary for professional activity in a particular area. Since the formation of professional competence is a way to improve professionalism, it is formed only through the training and self-education of the future specialist in the English language.
STRATEGIES AND TACTICS OF SMALL TALK AS COMPONENTS OF INTERCULTURAL BUSINESS COMMUNICATION
Authors:   Caspian Public University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Khavronskaya M.A. , Marunova I.P. ,   Caspian Public University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: December 2021

The article examines the problem of business communication and inclusion of phatic communication in the form of small talk while developing communicative skills of university students when studying Business Communication in English. Strategies and tactics of the English phatic genre of small talk are structurally analyzed from the point of view of linguistic means. The authors conclude that an adequate choice of strategies and tactics for small talk aimed at successful conduct of intercultural business communication is the social skill necessary for university students.
Evaluation of cytokine production by J774.G8 macrophages after treatment with biotherapics
Authors: Siqueira Camila , Kuczera Diogo , Da Lozzo Eneida , Buchi Dorly , Couceiro JosÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â© Nelson , Holandino Carla
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Strains of macrophages, such as murine J774.G8 macrophages, are susceptible to influenza A infection [1]. One of the responses to viral infection involves the production of various types of immunostimulatory cytokines by infected cells [2].

Methods: In the present study, the macrophage strain J774.G8, maintained in RPMI medium, was submitted to treatment with 10% V/V of two different biotherapics prepared from influenza H3N2, both at 30x. Additionally, two control groups were analyzed: macrophages stimulated with water 30x and macrophages without any treatment. Biotherapics were prepared from intact H3N2 influenza virus and H3N2 inactivated by alcohol 70%. The compounding of both biotherapics followed this procedure: one part of viral particles was diluted in 9 parts of sterile distilled water. The 1:10 sample was submitted to 100 mechanical succussions using AuticÃƒâ€šÃ‚Â® Brazilian machine, originating the first dilution, named decimal (1x). 1 ml of this solution was diluted in 9 ml of solvent and was submitted to 100 succussions, generating biotherapic 2x. This procedure was successively repeated, according to Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia, to obtain the biotherapic 30x. By the same technique, water vehicle was prepared in the potency of 30x to be used as control. All samples were prepared under sterile and aseptic conditions, using laminar flow cabinet, class II, and were stored in the refrigerator (8Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ÂºC), to avoid microbiological contamination. J774.G8 macrophages were stimulated for 2 days, in a total of six stimuli. Immediately before infection with 25 Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Âµl of H3N2 influenza virus, the supernatants were collected and frozen at -20 Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ÂºC for later analysis. Next, 24 hours after the virus infection, the supernatants were aliquoted and frozen under the same conditions. Three independent experiments were done in triplicate. Analysis of supernatants was performed by flow cytometry using the Mouse Inflammation Kit. The cytokines detected in this experiment were IL-10, IL 12, TNF-ÃƒÅ½Ã‚Â± and MCP1.

Results: In all cases, there were no significant differences compared to control groups. However, the production of TNF-ÃƒÅ½Ã‚Â± detected in macrophages treated by intact and inactivated biotherapics presented a tendency to increase after infection. In fact, similar results were previously detected in other experiments conducted only with the intact biotherapic [3]. The release of the cytokine MCP1 in all experimental situations presented a tendency to decrease after the viral infection when compared to untreated macrophages. No statistically significant difference was detected in the production of IL 12 and IL 10. These experiments will be repeated to confirm the data obtained.
In Vitro Effects of Natrum muriaticum in Kidney Cell Lines MDCK and LLC-PK1
Authors: Harduim Rafael , Veiga Venício , Baldez Vanessa , Einicker-Lamas Marcelo , Holandino Carla
Published: December 2021

Previous papers have indicated that homeopathic solutions modify the cellular and biochemical aspects of cells maintained in culture. In this study, the effects of Natrum muriaticum, a medicine used in the homeopathic clinic for the treatment of hypertension, were evaluated in kidney MDCK and LLC-PK1 cell lines. The following cellular parameters were analyzed: viability, morphology and expression of the (Na+-K+)-ATPase and the angiotensin II receptors AT1 and AT2. The cell lines were plated (5.0 x 104 cells/mL) in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). After 24 hours at 37Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â°C, DMEM was re-fed with the addition of 10% (V/V) and 1% (V/V) of the following samples: Natrum muriaticum 30CH, water 30CH and non-dynamized sterile distilled water to do the MTT assay. The results obtained from these groups were compared to those obtained by incubation of the cells in culture medium free of these solutions (Control). Cell viability was assessed by a colorimetric MTT ELISA assay (490nm). The values from four independent experiments performed in quintuplicate were plotted and statistically analyzed by Sigma Plot v.11 (Jandel Scientific). The morphology of MDCK cells was evaluated by optical microscope after GiemsaÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â€žÂ¢s staining. The expression of the (Na++K+)-ATPase and AT1/AT2 of LLC-PK1 cells was evaluated by Western Blot (WB) analysis. For this experimental set, 5.0x104 cells/mL were incubated in DMEM supplemented with 10% FCS and daily culture medium was replaced by a new one, containing: Natrum muriaticum 30CH and water 30CH. Additionally, cells were treated for 5, 10 and 15 days with 1% of specific solutions and the total protein was measured by the Lowry method, after cell lysis. The samples were analyzed by electrophoresis in SDS-PAGE (12% gel) and transferred to nitrocellulose membrane. This membrane was incubated with specific primary antibodies (anti-(Na++K+)-ATPase, anti-AT1 and AT2 or anti-anti-beta-actin). The detection was performed using ECL system and Hyperfilm. MTT assays showed a statistically significant reduction in cellular mitochondrial activity (p
Gain of mass between two profiles of treatments to pigs with Self-Organizing Factors
Authors: Monteiro da Silva Silvio Leite , Arcanjo Angelo Herbert Moreira , Pinto Lucas da Rocha , Rosa Gabriel Pinto , De Souza Gustavo Henrique
Published: December 2021

Highly-diluted medicines are used in clinical practice to treat many pathologies of pigs [1-4]. This therapeutic tool had its potential for valued use due to the global scenario changing on the restriction to limit of antimicrobial residues in the security feeding and production of foods from animal origin for human consume, especially the meat production [5].

Through the evidence of mass measurement, the usage profile of group B treatment shown to work with pigs and give greater weight live gain in group A during the available trial. Future studies should be conducted with larger numbers of animals to confirm the incidence of the unique profile, with replications to assess the complete production cycle, including the relationship ending / sow / year. Finally, other scales and dilutions should be analyzed to adjust for best answer from the best treatment effect profile