bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of a multifaceted intervention to improve treatment initiation among patients diagnosed with TB using Xpert MTB/RIF testing in Uganda
Authors: Zawedde-Muyanja Stella , Musaazi Joseph , Castelnuovo Barbara , Cattamanchi Adithya , Katamba Achilles , Manabe Yukari C.
Published: June 2022

Background

One in five patients diagnosed with TB in Uganda are not initiated on TB treatment within two weeks of diagnosis. We evaluated a multifaceted intervention for improving TB treatment initiation among patients diagnosed with TB using Xpert® MTB/RIF testing in Uganda.

Methods

This was a pre-post interventional study at one tertiary referral hospital. The intervention was informed by the COM-B model and included; i) medical education sessions to improve healthcare worker knowledge about the magnitude and consequences of pretreatment loss to follow-up; ii) modified laboratory request forms to improve recording of patient contact information; and iii) re-designed workflow processes to improve timeliness of sputum testing and results dissemination. TB diagnostic process and outcome data were collected and compared from the period before (June to August 2019) and after (October to December 2019) intervention initiation.

Results

In September 2019, four CME sessions were held at the hospital and were attended by 58 healthcare workers. During the study period, 1242 patients were evaluated by Xpert® MTB/RIF testing at the hospital (679 pre and 557 post intervention). Median turnaround time for sputum test results improved from 12 hours (IQR 4–46) in the pre-intervention period to 4 hours (IQR 3–6) in the post-intervention period. The proportion of patients started on treatment within two weeks of diagnosis improved from 59% (40/68) to 89% (49/55) (difference 30%, 95% CI 14%-43%, p<0.01) while the proportion of patients receiving a same-day diagnosis increased from 7.4% (5/68) to 25% (14/55) (difference 17.6%, 95% CI 3.9%-32.7%, p<0.01).

Conclusion

The multifaceted intervention was feasible and resulted in a higher proportion of patients initiating TB treatment within two weeks of diagnosis.
Monitoring sustainable development goal 5.2: Cross-country cross-time invariance of measures for intimate partner violence
Authors: Yount Kathryn M. , Bergenfeld Irina , Mhamud Nishat , Clark Cari Jo , Kaslow Nadine J. , Cheong Yuk Fai
Published: June 2022

Background

The persistence and impacts of violence against women motivated Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 5.2 to end such violence. Global psychometric assessment of cross-country, cross-time invariance of items measuring intimate partner violence (IPV) is needed to confirm their utility for comparing and monitoring national trends.

Methods

Analyses of seven physical-IPV items included 377,500 ever-partnered women across 20 countries (44 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)). Analyses of five controlling-behaviors items included 371,846 women across 19 countries (42 DHS). We performed multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) to assess within-country, cross-time invariance of each item set. Pooled analyses tested cross-country, cross-time invariance using DHSs that showed configural invariance in country-level multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFAs). Alignment optimization tested approximate invariance of each item set in the pooled sample of all datasets, and in the subset of countries showing metric invariance over at least two repeated cross-sectional surveys in country-level MGCFAs.

Results

In country-level MGCFAs, physical-IPV items and controlling-behaviors items functioned equivalently in repeated survey administrations in 12 and 11 countries, respectively. In MGCFA testing cross-country, cross-time invariance in pooled samples, neither item set was strictly equivalent; however, the physical-IPV items were approximately invariant. Controlling-behaviors items did not show approximate cross-country and cross-time invariance in the full sample or the sub-sample showing country-level metric invariance.

Conclusion

Physical-IPV items approached approximate invariance across 20 countries and were approximately invariant in 11 countries with repeated cross-sectional surveys. Controlling-behaviors items were cross-time invariant within 11 countries but did not show cross-country, cross-time approximate invariance. Currently, the physical-IPV item set is more robust for monitoring progress toward SDG5.2.1, to end IPV against women.
Influence of different irrigation methods on the alfalfa rhizosphere soil fungal communities in an arid region
Authors: Deng Qizhang , Wu Yong , Zhao Xiang , Qiu Chengshu , Xia Shan , Feng Yuanyuan , Liu Hongling
Published: June 2022

Xinjiang is the largest arid and saline agricultural region in China. The common irrigation methods in this area are traditional flood irrigation and drip irrigation. In this study, we investigated the effects of these two irrigation methods on the fungal diversity, community structures, and functions in alfalfa rhizosphere soil as well as the associated environmental factors in northern Tianshan Mountain (Xinjiang, China). Soil enzyme activities (urease and neutral phosphatase) were significantly higher in the drip-irrigated alfalfa rhizosphere soil than in the flood-irrigated alfalfa rhizosphere soil, whereas the fungal alpha diversity in the drip-irrigated alfalfa rhizosphere soil was significantly lower than that in the flood-irrigated alfalfa rhizosphere soil. Six dominant fungal phyla were identified (>0.1%), with Ascomycota being the most abundant in all soils, followed by Basidiomycota (5.47%), Mortierellomycota (1.07%), Glomeromycota (0.55%), Rozellomycota (0.27%), and Chytridiomycota (0.14%). Ascomycota and Glomeromycota species were significantly less abundant in drip-irrigated alfalfa rhizosphere soil than in flood-irrigated alfalfa rhizosphere soil. A LEFSe analysis identified Cladosporiaceae (20.8%) species as the most abundant marker fungi in drip-irrigated alfalfa rhizosphere soil. Of the 13 fungal functional groups identified on the basis of the functional annotation using the FUNGuild database, Ectomycorrhizal (22.29%) was the primary functional group. Compared with flood irrigation, drip irrigation significantly decreased the relative abundance of Ectomycorrhizal and Arbuscular_Mycorrhizal, while increasing the relative abundance of Plant_Pathogen, although not significantly (P = 0.19). Available potassium was revealed to be the main environmental factor influencing soil enzyme activities, fungal alpha diversity, fungal community structures, and fungal functions in response to the different irrigation methods. In conclusion, drip irrigation may be more appropriate than flood irrigation in the Tianshan dryland agricultural area for enhancing soil enzyme activities, but it may also increase the abundance of plant pathogenic fungi in the soil.
Psychosocial functioning of adolescents with ADHD in the family, school and peer group: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Karteczka-Świętek Kinga , Opozda-Suder Sylwia , Strojny Agnieszka
Published: June 2022

Objective

The objective of this scoping review is to investigate what is known about the psychosocial functioning of adolescents with ADHD. All basic life environments (family, school and peer group) will be considered.

Introduction

Adolescence is especially critical for people with ADHD–natural maturation may be accompanied by changing symptoms of ADHD. A number of childhood difficulties transform during adolescence and contribute to problems in various areas that comprise psychosocial functioning. The available studies focus on selected domains of psychosocial functioning of adolescents with ADHD, however, to the authors’ best knowledge, there is no comprehensive description of this issue. The lack of such a description is the main rationale for conducting this scoping review.

Inclusion criteria

Pointing to the PCC elements (population, concept, context), the scoping review will include primary studies on the concept of psychosocial functioning (including functioning in the family, school and peer group). In the included studies, the term "psychosocial functioning" (or related) had to be used explicitly. The population will be adolescents (10 to 19 years old) with a formal diagnosis of ADHD (DSM classification) or Hyperkinetic Syndrome (ICD-9) or Hyperkinetic Disorders (ICD-10). There will be no restrictions on the research context.

Methods

The methodology of scoping reviews will be applied in accordance with the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The following databases: Academic Search Ultimate, ERIC, MEDLINE, ProQuest Central, PsycInfo, Scopus, and databases under the Web of Science will be searched for primary studies in peer-reviewed journals, written in English and published since 1987. The analyses will be based mainly on frequency counts of the components of psychosocial functioning and population characteristics. The results will be presented in tabular form and supplemented with a descriptive summary. The protocol has been registered on the Open Science Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/MS82H [registration DOI].
China’s GDP forecasting using Long Short Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network and Hidden Markov Model
Authors: Zhang Junhuan , Wen Jiaqi , Yang Zhen
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a Long Short Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network and Hidden Markov Model (LSTM-HMM) to predict China’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) fluctuation state within a rolling time window. We compare the predictive power of LSTM-HMM with other dynamic forecast systems within different time windows, which involves the Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Gaussian Mixture Model-Hidden Markov Model (GMM-HMM) and LSTM-HMM with an input of monthly Consumer Price Index (CPI) or quarterly CPI within 4-year, 6-year, 8-year and 10-year time window. These forecasting models employed in our empirical analysis share the basic HMM structure but differ in the generation of observable CPI fluctuation states. Our forecasting results suggest that (1) among all the models, LSTM-HMM generally performs better than the other models; (2) the model performance can be improved when model input transforms from quarterly to monthly; (3) among all the time windows, models within 10-year time window have better overall performance; (4) within 10-year time window, the LSTM-HMM, with either quarterly or monthly input, has the best accuracy and consistency.
Knowledge about hypertension and associated factors among patients with hypertension in public health facilities of Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia: Ordinal logistic regression analysis
Authors: Wolde Maereg , Azale Telake , Debalkie Demissie Getu , Addis Banchilay
Published: June 2022

Background

Hypertension is a disease that imposes risks of diseases on multi-system. Failure to control hypertension leads patients to end up with unavoidable complications, including death. Noncompliance to treatment is the main factor to develop such devastating complications whereas knowledge of patients about their disease is a key factor for better compliance. Thus, the purpose of this study is to assess the level of knowledge about hypertension and associated factors among hypertensive patients in public health facilities of Gondar city.

Methods

Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted between March and April 2019 in Gondar town. A systematic sampling technique was applied to select a total of 389 patients. A structured interview questionnaire was used to gather the data. The data were analyzed using STATA version 14. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed at P < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval to identify statistically significant variables.

Results

A total of 385 respondents participated giving a response rate of 98.9%. The majority (55.3%) of the patients had a low level of, 17.9% had a moderate level of knowledge whereas 26.8% had a high level of knowledge about hypertension. Those working in government organizations had 5.5 times higher odds of having a high level of knowledge than other groups (AOR = 5.5; 95%CI = 1.21, 25). Patients who received longer than four years of treatment showed twice larger odds of knowledge than those with below two years of treatment (AOR = 2; 95%CI = 1.29, 3.22) Moreover, patients residing proximate to the hospital increases the odds of having a higher level of knowledge by 1.64 times versus patients living far away from the hospital (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.07–2.63).

Conclusions

This finding revealed that knowledge about hypertension and risk factors among patients with hypertension was low. Employment in governmental organizations, longer duration of treatment, and residential proximity to hospitals/ health centers were statistically significant predictors of the participants’ knowledge about hypertension. Therefore, it is important to give health education to patients working in non-governmental organizations and self-employed individuals about diseases and risk factors. In addition, emphasis should be given to patients receiving less than two years of treatment and coming from remote areas to improve their knowledge of the disease.
Economic costs of severe seasonal influenza in Colombia, 2017–2019: A multi-center analysis
Authors: Castillo-Rodríguez Liliana , Malo-Sánchez Diana , Díaz-Jiménez Diana , García-Velásquez Ingrid , Pulido Paola , Castañeda-Orjuela Carlos
Published: June 2022

Objective

To estimate the economic burden of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) in lab-confirmed influenza patients from a low-income country setting such as Colombia.

Methods

A bottom-up costing analysis, from both third payer and social perspectives, was conducted. Direct costs of care were based on the review of 227 clinical records of lab-confirmed influenza inpatients in six facilities from three main Colombian cities. Resources were categorized as: length of stay (LOS), diagnostic and laboratory tests, medications, consultation, procedures, and supplies. A survey was designed to estimate out-of-pocket expenses (OOPE) and indirect costs covered by patients and their families. Cost per patient was estimated with the frequency of use and prices of activities, calculating median and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) with bootstrapping. Total costs are expressed as the sum of direct medical costs, OOPE and indirect costs in 2018 US dollars.

Results

The media direct medical cost per SARI lab-confirmed influenza patient was US$ 700 (95% CI US$ 552–809). Diagnostic and laboratory tests correspond to the highest cost per patient (37%). Median OOPE and indirect costs per patient was US$ 147 (95% CI US$ 94–202), with the highest costs for caregiver expenses (27%). Total costs were US$ 848 (95% CI US$ 646–1,011), OOPE and indirect costs corresponded to 17.4% of the total. The median of direct medical costs per patient was three times higher in elderly patients.

Conclusion

SARI influenza costs impose a high economic burden on patients and their families. The results highlight the importance of strengthening preventive strategies nationwide in the age groups with higher occurrence and incurred health costs.
Circulating tumor cell assay to non-invasively evaluate PD-L1 and other therapeutic targets in multiple cancers
Authors: Page Raymond , Patil Darshana , Akolkar Dadasaheb , Murthy Sudha S. , Bendale Kiran , Patil Revati , Fulmali Pradeep , Fulmali Pooja , Adhav Archana , Puranik Sneha , Apurwa Sachin , Datta Vineet , Bose Chirantan , Schuster Stefan , John Jinumary , Srinivasan Ajay , Datar Rajan
Published: June 2022

Biomarker directed selection of targeted anti-neoplastic agents such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies form an important aspect of cancer treatment. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of the tumor tissue is the method of choice to evaluate the presence of these biomarkers. However, a significant barrier to biomarker testing on tissue is the availability of an adequate amount of tissue and need for repetitive sampling due to tumor evolution. Also, tumor tissue testing is not immune to inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. We describe the analytical and clinical validation of a Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) assay to accurately assess the presence of PD-L1 22C3 and PD-L1 28.8, ER, PR and HER2, from patients with solid tumors to guide the choice of suitable targeted therapies. Analytically, the test has high sensitivity, specificity, linearity and precision. Based on a blinded case control study, the clinical sensitivity and specificity for PD-L1 (22C3 and 28.8) was determined to be 90% and 100% respectively. The clinical sensitivity and specificity was 83% and 89% for ER; 80% and 94% for PR; 63% and 89% for HER2 (by ICC); and 100% and 92% for HER2 (by FISH), respectively. The performance characteristics of the test support its suitability and adaptability for routine clinical use.
Towards developing a beef meat export oriented policy in Tanzania: -Exploring the factors that influence beef meat exports-
Authors: Kibona Cornel Anyisile , Yuejie Zhang , Tian Lu
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influence beef meat exports in Tanzania, with a particular focus on the years 1985 to 2020, in enhancing the development of beef meat export-oriented policy in Tanzania, thereby enhancing beef exports in Tanzania. A time-series panel dataset was analyzed using both descriptive statistics and ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regression analyses models. As per the descriptive analyses, beef meat exports reached the highest pick of 4,300 tons per year in 1990, whereas from 1991 to date, beef meat exportation in Tanzania has been in declining trends despite an increase in beef meat output and trade openness from 162,500 to 486,736 tons and 7.6 to 98.7%, respectively. Nevertheless, while the prospect of Tanzanian beef meat exports appears bright and promising, the industry will continue to encounter trade barriers and must stay competitive to produce enough volume and quality beef meat to meet the needs of its existing and expanding markets. This is because, Tanzanian beef meat competes for market share with beef meat from other countries in the global markets, where customers pay a premium for lines of beef meat that meet quality standards while discarding those that do not. This indicates that the quantity of beef meat produced has no relevance to its world market share, but its quality standards do. Furthermore, the econometric results revealed that the coefficients of the terms of trade, Tanzania GDP per capita, global beef meat consumption, trade openness, and beef meat outputs were found to be significantly positive (P < 0.05) influencing beef meat exports in Tanzania, whereas the trading partners’ GDP per capita and exchange rate were not. The findings have varying implications as to what factors need to be addressed to further improve beef meat exports. From the farmer’s perspective, better access to adequate funds as a result of increased income benefit from export will assist in improving beef cattle productivity and quality to compete effectively in the global markets. From the government’s perspective, because trade openness promotes economic growth through export benefits, the Tanzania government and policymakers need to establish balanced policies to strengthen bilateral trade relationships to generate more opportunities in global markets.
Fibroblast growth factor 2 inhibits myofibroblastic activation of valvular interstitial cells
Authors: Ground Marcus , Waqanivavalagi Steve , Park Young-Eun , Callon Karen , Walker Robert , Milsom Paget , Cornish Jillian
Published: June 2022

Heart valve disease is a growing problem worldwide. Though very common in older adults, the mechanisms behind the development of the disease aren’t well understood, and at present the only therapeutic option is valve replacement. Valvular interstitial cells (VICs) may hold the answer. These cells can undergo pathological differentiation into contractile myofibroblasts or osteoblasts, leading to thickening and calcification of the valve tissue. Our study aimed to characterise the effect of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) on the differentiation potential of VICs. We isolated VICs from diseased human valves and treated these cells with FGF-2 and TGF-β to elucidate effect of these growth factors on several myofibroblastic outcomes, in particular immunocytochemistry and gene expression. We used TGF-β as a positive control for myofibroblastic differentiation. We found that FGF-2 promotes a ‘quiescent-type’ morphology and inhibits the formation of α-smooth muscle actin positive myofibroblasts. FGF-2 reduced the calcification potential of VICs, with a marked reduction in the number of calcific nodules. FGF-2 interrupted the ‘canonical’ TGF-β signalling pathway, reducing the nuclear translocation of the SMAD2/3 complex. The panel of genes assayed revealed that FGF-2 promoted a quiescent-type pattern of gene expression, with significant downregulations in typical myofibroblast markers α smooth muscle actin, extracellular matrix proteins, and scleraxis. We did not see evidence of osteoblast differentiation: neither matrix-type calcification nor changes in osteoblast associated gene expression were observed. Our findings show that FGF-2 can reverse the myofibroblastic phenotype of VICs isolated from diseased valves and inhibit the calcification potential of these cells.
Risk factors for Fontan-associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kogiso Tomomi , Sagawa Takaomi , Taniai Makiko , Shimada Eriko , Inai Kei , Shinohara Tokuko , Tokushige Katsutoshi
Published: June 2022

Aims

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with Fontan-associated liver disease (i.e., FALD-HCC) has increased over time. However, the risk factors for HCC development remain unclear. Here, we compared the levels of non-invasive markers to the survival rate of FALD-HCC patients.

Methods

From 2003 to 2021, 154 patients (66 men, 42.9%) developed liver disease after undergoing Fontan procedures. HCC was diagnosed in 15 (9.7%) (8 men, 53.3%) at a median age of 34 years (range, 21–45 years). We compared FALD-HCC and non-HCC cases; we generated marker level cutoffs using receiver operating characteristic curves. We sought to identify risk factors for HCC and mortality.

Results

The incidence of HCC was 4.9% in FALD patients within 20 years after the Fontan procedure. Compared with non-HCC patients, FALD-HCC patients exhibited higher incidences of polysplenia and esophageal varices. At the time of HCC development, the hyaluronic acid (HA) level (p = 0.04) and the fibrosis-4 index (p = 0.02) were significantly higher in FALD-HCC patients than in non-HCC patients; the total bilirubin (T-BIL) level (p = 0.07) and the model for end-stage liver disease score [excluding the international normalized ratio (MELD-XI)] (p = 0.06) tended to be higher in FALD-HCC patients. Within approximately 20 years of the Fontan procedure, 10 patients died (survival rate, 96.9%). Kaplan–Meier curve analysis indicated that patients with T-BIL levels ≥ 2.2 mg/dL, HA levels ≥ 55.5 ng/mL, and MELD-XI scores ≥ 18.7 were at high risk of HCC, a generally poor prognosis, and both polysplenia and esophageal varices. Multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the complication of polysplenia [Hazard ratio (HR): 10.915] and a higher MELD-XI score (HR: 1.148, both p < 0.01) were independent risk factors for FALD-HCC.

Conclusions

The complication of polysplenia and a MELD-XI score may predict HCC development and mortality in FALD patients.
Dampak Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Perkembangan Sosio-Emosional Peserta Didik
Authors: As'ari Maulana Ilyas , Diana Raden Rachmy
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the education process to be carried out online. Online education has a varied impact on the socio-emotional development of students. This study will analyze the impacts of online education on students' socio-emotional development. This research uses the library research method (library study). The data in this research are taken from literature or documents in the form of journals, books, articles, etc. that examine the impact of online education on the socio-emotional development of students. The results of this study indicate that the impact of online education on the socio-emotional development of students is different. Some of the effects of online education on the socio-emotional development of students are children who are less cooperative, children who are less sociable, the emotions of children who sometimes feel bored, and children who miss their classmates and teachers.
Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis PBL Menggunakan Flip PDF Professional untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains pada Materi Medan Magnet
Authors: Fadhila Annisa Nur
Published: June 2022

Nowadays literacy scientific is a demand that must be owned by everyone, both in everyday life and in the world of work. Physics functions as science communication with physics learning that cannot be separated from mastering basic physics concepts, theories or new problems that require answers through understanding. In a learning process, teaching materials are needed as a tool in the learning process, making it easier for students to understand the subject matter. The purpose of this study was to develop an E-LKPD based on the PBL model to improve scientific literacy on appropriate magnetic field materials based on the results of validity and effectiveness tests. This research uses development model ADDIE. The research data obtained from the development of the e-LKPD include the results of the average validation value of 82.61%, the results of the effectiveness test getting an N-gain of 0.39 so that the e-LKPD is categorized as being able to improve scientific literacy skills in the medium category.
Model Pembelajaran Auditory Intellectual and Repetition (AIR) dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Fazriani Siti
Published: June 2022

This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of theme 5 material applying the properties of light and its relationship to the sense of sight on average below the minimum standard of completeness. Among the causative factors is the application of learning strategies that are not appropriate so that student learning outcomes are low. The purpose of this study was to improve student learning outcomes by applying the Auditory Intellectual and Repetition (AIR) learning model. This research is a classroom action research. The results showed that the first cycle only reached 52.38%, then increased to 66.67% at meeting 2. In the second cycle, student learning outcomes increased to 95.24%.
Peran Pemuda dalam Penanaman Nilai-Nilai Islam Inklusif pada Siswa Madrasah Aliyah Mambaul Ulum Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Al Hasany Mohammad Robith
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine in depth the study of inclusive Islamic values that are actualized for students at Madrasah Aliyah Mambaul Ulum as an effort to realize the noble values of Islamic education, which includes the integration of Islamic educational values with inclusive Islamic values. which includes the value of openness, the value of tolerance, and the value of equality. This study uses a qualitative method of case study type with the determination of the subject using purposive techniques, participant observation data collection techniques, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. Data analysis researchers used source triangulation techniques and data triangulation techniques according to Miles and Huberman data analysis techniques. The role of the taretan sadere youth is as a mobilizer, tutor, and facilitator in inculcating inclusive Islamic values in Madrasah Aliyah Mambaul Ulum students, Jember Regency by using approaches including: discussion/debate approach; school literacy approach; application of values of mutual respect for differences in beliefs; application of the value of harmony; the value of compassion between fellow religions; and the application of the value of religious freedom between religious communities, in addition to the application of intra-and extra-school cooperation, namely concentrating on relationships (togetherness); fostering positive and active values (awareness of sharing and social sensitivity).
Tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico de má oclusão de Classe II esquelética com mordida aberta anterior
MATHEUS MELO PITHON
Authors: Pithon Matheus Melo
Published: June 2022

OBJETIVO: Relatar o caso clínico de uma paciente com má oclusão de Classe II esquelética e dentária, e mordida aberta anterior. CASO CLÍNICO: De posse dos elementos diagnósticos e avaliação clínica e facial, optou-se por um tratamento conjunto ortodôntico-cirúrgico. Após montagem do aparelho ortodôntico, seguiu-se com a exodontia de segundos pré-molares superiores (#15 e #25), primeiro pré-molar inferior esquerdo (#34) e primeiro molar inferior direito (#46). Mini-implante ortodôntico foi utilizado para retração inferior. Após descompensação pré-cirúrgica, a paciente foi encaminhada para realização dos procedimentos cirúrgicos, que envolveram impacção maxilar, avanço mandibular e mentoplastia. Após a etapa cirúrgica, a paciente retornou para finalizar o seu tratamento ortodôntico. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos ao fim do tratamento foram uma boa oclusão dentária, com guias de desoclusão, e melhoria no perfil e nos contornos faciais.
Planejamento digital cirúrgico guiado para perfuração das suturas: Córtex Guide
Authors: André Cristiane B.
Published: June 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: Na terapia MARPE (Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expander), mesmo utilizando-se da cirurgia virtual (MARPE Guide), alguns casos são limítrofes. Pacientes com um aumento da interdigitação da sutura palatina mediana, variação de volume ósseo e de tecido mole, e presença de tórus palatino apresentam uma forte resistência durante o processo de expansão da maxila. Para esses casos, é necessário fragilizar as suturas palatina mediana e transpalatina, localizar seu posicionamento, identificar sua forma e direção. Para dar precisão a esse processo, foi criada a perfuração virtualmente guiada. OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho propõe-se a apresentar a técnica de corticoperfuração guiada de alta precisão, denominada Córtex Guide. MÉTODOS: A análise da maturação das suturas palatina mediana e zigomaticomaxilar é realizada por meio do arquivo DICOM da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). Na sequência, a sutura transpalatina é analisada quanto à sua localização, direção e forma. Cada perfuração é minuciosamente conferida na simulação tridimensional, e verificada em cada corte da TCFC. A broca virtual é posicionada de tal maneira que atinja a bicorticalidade e, se possível, mantenha um distanciamento uniforme entre cada perfuração — em média, de 2 a 3 mm entre si. O design do guia da corticoperfuração (Córtex Guide) irá reproduzir em boca a perfuração digital de cada ponto criado, com a angulação e o limite de inserção. Após o design 3D, é criado um arquivo STL e impresso, para uma perfeita reprodução em boca das corticoperfurações. CONCLUSÃO: Com o uso da técnica de corticoperfuração guiada, respeita-se, com segurança e precisão, a anatomia do paciente, assim como as variações de espessura dos tecidos, assimetrias no palato e demais variações anatômicas.
Effect of Workwear Fabric Fluorocarbon Coating on Changes in Tensile Properties of Sewing Threads
Authors: B.A. Muralidhar
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the findings of changes in the tensile behaviour of sewing threads in two-seam configu­ration on three different workwear fabrics, i.e. drill, duck and rip-stop structures, before and after the coating. For this research, commercially available workwear fabrics were obtained from the domestic industry and the sewing was carried out using a 40 tex core-spun polyester sewing thread. High-speed heavy-duty lockstitch sewing machines were used to construct both the superimposed (SSa) and lapped seams (LSd). The strength of sewing threads sewn in the two-seam configuration were carefully unravelled and compared with the unsewn sewing thread (UST). The effect of coating on the changes in tenacity, breaking elongation and initial modulus of the needle thread was reported. It was found that there was a significant effect of weave structure on the tenacity of the sewing thread.
Development of Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Viral Nonwoven Surgical Masks for Medical Applications
Authors: Ahrari Mazyar , Karahan Mehmet , Hussain Muzzamal , Nawab Yasir , Khan Asfandyar , Shirazi Amir Abbas
Published: June 2022

This article aims to investigate the development of surgical masks for medical applications by incorporating biocidal silver nanoparticles. Medical masks were developed in three layers of a nonwoven fabric, where the outer and inner layers were made of a spun-bond polypropylene nonwoven fabric and the middle layer con­sisted of a melt-blown nonwoven polypropylene fabric. In this study, silver nanoparticles in the concentrations of 1–5% were applied to masks with the pad-dry-cure method. The samples were cured at room temperature and subsequently examined for antimicrobial properties. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate the morphological charac­teristics and chemical composition of the samples. Microbial cleanliness, bacterial filtration efficiency, antiviral effect and breathability tests were performed according to standard test protocols. The results revealed that the application of silver nanoparticles to a three-layer mask rendered the end product with outstanding anti­microbial and antiviral properties with poor breathability (air permeability) results.
Book review of: Gordon, David J. (2020): Cities on the World Stage. The Politics of Global Urban Climate Governance
Authors: Castan Broto Vanesa
Published: June 2022

Book review
Electrical Energy Management According to Pricing Policy: A Case in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Tuyet Mai , Khoa Pham Nguyen Dang , Huynh Ngoc Anh
Published: June 2022

Electrical equipment is increasingly diversified in both types and capacity to meet the maximum needs of people in the 4th industrial revolution. This development has helped people to achieve many great scientific achievements, but this development has led to a rapid increase in the demand for electric energy in recent years. The traditional electricity supply from fossil fuels is gradually depleting, which has prompted the search for clean and renewable energy sources to gradually replace the dependence on this energy source. Prosumer, HEMS (home energy management system), and other solutions have been researched and applied to optimize electrical energy sources. However, for countries that mainly use fossil energy sources like Vietnam, these solutions are not effective. Policy on the management could help to solve this problem, in particular, the price policy is the solution that Vietnam has used to effectively manage this energy source. This article analyzes the issues of applicable pricing policy in Vietnam, proposes potential policies to improve and protect the electric energy system, as well as enhances the rate of renewable energy use in the electricity system in Vietnam
Analisis Kadar pH dan Organoleptik Daging Ayam dengan Metode Vakum dan Non-vakum
Authors: Silvia Deli , Yusuf Muhammad Rifqy , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain
Published: June 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh jenis material kemasan vakum dan non-vakum terhadap kualitas kadar pH, dan organoleptik daging ayam broiler pada penyimpanan suhu dingin. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui berapa hari masa simpan, kualitas daging, dan efisiensi penggunaan bahan dan metode kemasan dalam pengemasan daging ayam broiler. Penelitian ini bertujuan agar dapat memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat khususnya pedagang atau UMKM daging ayam potong mengenai jenis bahan pengemasan dan lama penyimpanan terhadap mutu daging ayam potong yang tepat. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dengan dua faktorial bahan pengemasan yaitu Polietilen (PE) dan Nylon dengan dua metode vakum dan non-vakum dengan dua kali pengulangan dalam penyimpanan di suhu dingin (±4oC) selama 8 hari. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan ANOVA dan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengujian kadar pH daging ayam yang terendah hingga hari ke-8 yaitu nylon + vakum dengan nilai 6.41. Untuk pengujian organoleptik dapat disimpulkan bahwa parameter kenampakan, rasa dan tektur daging ayam yang dapat diterima oleh panelis berupa kemasan PE + vakum dan nylon + vakum dengan penyimpanan selama enam (6) hari.   Research has been carried out on the effect of vacuum and non-vacuum packaging materials on the quality of pH levels, and organoleptic properties of broiler chicken meat in cold storage. This study was conducted to determine how many days of storage, meat quality, and the efficiency of using materials and packaging methods in packaging broiler chicken meat. This study aims to provide information to the public, especially traders or MSMEs of chicken meat regarding the types of packaging materials and storage time for the right quality of chicken meat. The study was conducted using the RAL method (Completely Randomized Design) with two factorial packaging materials, namely Polyethylene (PE) and Nylon with two vacuum and non-vacuum methods with two repetitions in cold storage (±4oC) for 8 days. The data processing method used ANOVA and Duncan's further test. The results of this study showed that the lowest pH level of chicken meat until day 8 was nylon + vacuum with a value of 6.41. For organoleptic testing, it can be concluded that the parameters of appearance, taste and texture of chicken meat that are acceptable to the panelists are PE + vacuum and nylon + vacuum packaging with storage for six (6) days.
Sintesis Biodiesel Minyak Ampas Tahu Terkatalisis Lempung Termodifikasi Kalsium Oksida dengan Pemanasan Microwave
Authors: Agustin Niyar Candra , Prasdiantika Ricka , Subekti Sri
Published: June 2022

Biodiesel telah menjadi sumber energi alternaltif yang terus dikembangkan. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan sintesis biodiesel dari minyak ampas tahu menggunakan katalis lempung termodifikasi Kalsium Oksida (CaO) dengan pemanasan microwave untuk menghasilkan biodiesel. Sintesis Katalis lempung termodifikasi CaO menggunakan metode impregnasi basah. Sistesis biodiesel dari minyak ampas tahu melalui reaksi transesterifikasi dengan variasi jumlah katalis lempung termodifikasi CaO 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 % (b/b) dan variasi daya microwave 150, 300, 450, 600, dan 800 watt. Katalis Lempung termodifikasi CaO dikarakterisasi SEM EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopes/Energy Dispersive X-Ray) dan uji kebasaannya dengan metode Hammet. Produk biodiesel dikarakterisasi dengan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa biodiesel minyak ampas tahu telah berhasil disintesis. Biodiesel optimum dicapai pada jumlah katalis lempung termodifikasi CaO sebesar 3% dan daya microwave 600 watt dengan waktu reaksi 15 menit sebesar 90%. Terbentuknya biodiesel dibuktikan dengan beberapa puncak metil ester yaitu metil oleat (59,88%), metil palmitat (36,74%), metil stearat (2,94%), dan metil miristat (0,28%).   Biodiesel has become an alternative energy source that continues to be developed. In this study, biodiesel was synthesized from tofu dregs oil using a clay modified calcium oxide (CaO) catalyst with microwave heating to produce biodiesel. Synthesis of clay modified CaO catalyst using wet impregnation method. Synthesis of biodiesel from tofu dregs oil through transesterification reaction with variations in the amount of modified clay catalyst CaO 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 % (w/w) and variations in microwave power 150, 300, 450, 600, and 800 watts. The CaO-modified clay catalyst was characterized by SEM EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopes/Energy Dispersive X-Ray) and tested for basicity using the Hammet method. The biodiesel products were characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The characterization results show that the tofu dregs oil biodiesel has been successfully synthesized. Optimum biodiesel was achieved at 3% CaO-modified clay catalyst and 600 watt microwave power with a reaction time of 15 minutes by 90%. The formation of biodiesel was evidenced by several peaks of methyl esters, namely methyl oleate (59.88%), methyl palmitate (36.74%), methyl stearate (2.94%), and methyl myristate (0.28%).
Rancang Bangun Alat Pengolahan Santan Kelapa Menjadi Virgin Coconut Oil
Authors: Idris Mahmud , Armi Puspita Ayu
Published: June 2022

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) merupakan produk olahan dari daging kelapa yang berupa cairan berwarna jernih, tidak berasa, dengan bau khas kelapa, VCO di dapat dari proses pengolahan santan kelapa dengan beberapa metode yaitu: metode pemanasan bertahap, metode pemancingan minyak dan metode fermentasi. Metode yang umum digunakan untuk mendapatkan produk VCO adalah dengan metode pemanasan bertahap. Dalam proses pemanasan bertahap membutuhkan alat pemanas yang terkontrol dan stabil untuk menghasilkan VCO yang berkualitas, dalam proses pengolahan di butuhkan pengontrolan yang tepat dalam metode pemanasan bertahap. Alat pemanasan bertahap ini dirancang untuk mengefisienkan proses pengolahan yang di kontrol dengan sistem kelistrikan. Alat pengolahan VCO ini di rancang bekerja secara otomatis dan dengan kecepatan yang konstan, alat pengolahan VCO di rancang menggunakan motor listrik ac 1 fasa dengan kecepatan motor 2800 rpm dan daya 125 watt dan menggunakan tegangan 220v sebagai penggerak utama dan menggunakan gearbox dengan rasio 1:50 untuk mengubah torsi atau kecepatan motor melalui penambahan mekanik gears untuk menambah torsi dan mengurangi kecepatan dan menggunakan sistem tungku untuk pemanasan santan.  Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is a processed product from coconut meat in the form of a clear liquid, tasteless, with a distinctive coconut odor. VCO is obtained from the coconut milk processing process with several methods, namely: the gradual heating method, the oil fishing method and the fermentation method. The method commonly used to obtain VCO products is the gradual heating method. In the gradual heating process requires a controlled and stable heating device to produce quality VCO, in the processing process requires proper control in the gradual heating method. This gradual heating device is designed to streamline the processing process which is controlled by the electrical system. This VCO processing tool is designed to work automatically and with a constant speed, the VCO processing tool is designed to use a singlephase ac electric motor with a motor speed of 2800 rpm and a power of 125 watts and uses a voltage of 220v as the main mover and uses a gearbox with a ratio of 1:50 to change the torque or speed of the motor through the addition of mechanical gears to increase torque and reduce speed and use a furnace system for heating coconut milk.
Exploring Young Consumers' Satisfaction with Online and Offline Banking Services:
Authors: Ofori Felix Nana Kofi , Gibson Ammar , Appiah Kenneth
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The main objective of this article examines the differences in the switching behaviours of older (Generation X and baby boomers) and younger (Millennials and Generation Z) customers of banks in the UK, with emphasis is on online and offline banking services. The secondary objective is also to evaluate the influential factors of customer satisfaction in the banking sector relating to customer switching behaviours.

Design and Methodology: The study adopts a positivist approach by using questionnaire survey to gather data from 106 clients of banks in the UK. The questionnaire comprises 30 questions, the majority of which use a 5-point Likert scale.

Findings: No statistically significant difference is found when the switching behaviours of older and younger customers are compared. However, younger customers perceived online banking as more useful due to their greater ease-of-use. Critically, security and ease-of-use are the most noticeable determinants of customer satisfaction influencing switching behaviours.

Research Limitations: This study lacks a managerial perspective on switching behaviours. This means that the applicability of the findings to banks in the UK is limited, suggesting that a further exploration in that respect may be warranted.

Practical Implications: Banks in the UK are urged to re-focus their customer relationship strategies to improve security and perceived ease-of-use. It is also recommended that marketing campaigns are launched to inform the clients about the benefits of online banking with a specific emphasis on perceived usefulness and ease-of-use.
Das Politische spüren: Heiner MüllersHoratierund das Körpergefühl der Repräsentation
Authors: Fluhrer Sandra
Published: June 2022

Representation as a form of embodiment relates to the human body’s capacity to experience emotion. While this dimension for the most part remains latent in institutional politics, theatre as a medium of physical co-presence can foreground it and explore its potential for a critique of practices and institutions of political representation. This article reads Heiner Müller’s Roman playDer Horatier(The Horatian, 1968) as a theatrical reflection on the role of somatic experience in practices and images of political representation. Drawing on recent studies on the embodiment of emotions, on body memory and the experiential quality of representation, as well as on Antonin Artaud’s concepts of theatre and acting, the reading demonstrates how the evocation of somatic experience and bodily feeling constitutes a core strategy in Müller’s work on an anti-representational form of political theatre.
The Economics of Food Courts
Authors: Winfree Jason , Allen Connor
Published: June 2022

This paper examines food courts, where vendors are competing with each other for a fixed number of consumers. This case may arise when consumers are traveling and patronize a food court, or if the destination is a food court. A contest success function is used to describe consumers’ choices, as well as vendor investment and profitability. Using a contest success function allows for varying degrees of substitution between the vendors. Substitution can be a function of location or product space. The model analyzes revenue sharing and changes in product differentiation when aggregate demand for the food court is fixed. The model is also examined if the food court has a collective reputation that depends upon the average investments of each vendor.
Sound change and gender-based differences in isolated regions: acoustic analysis of intervocalic phonemic stops by Bora-Spanish bilinguals
Authors: Fafulas Stephen A. , Henriksen Nicholas , O’Rourke Erin
Published: June 2022

This study examines Spanish phonemic stops in the speech of 15 ethnically Bora bilinguals (8 males, 7 females) living in the Peruvian Amazon, within the broader context of examining gender-based phonetic variation in small speech communities. We target pronunciation of intervocalic phonemic /p t k b d g/ extracted from sociolinguistic interviews. The acoustic analysis focuses on consonant duration and relative intensity of each target phoneme. The results reveal clear gender-based variation, with males adopting more lenited variants of certain phonemic stops than females. We discuss these findings in light of gender-based research on phonetic variation in communities undergoing sound change. More generally, our study contributes to the literature on language variation and societal contacts in small speech communities in Amazonia.