bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The history of Iran’s first Constitution: a view through the lens of civil liberties
Authors: Suprunov Aleksandr , Vasilieva Ulyana
Published: January 2020

The article presents the historical and comparative legal analysis of the first Constitution of Iran. The article deals with the issues of constitutional and legal consolidation of basic civil liberties in the stratum with the predominance of traditional Islamic law.
HUMANITY AND HAPPINESS - A VITAL FACTOR IN THE INDEPENDENT LIFE OF THE YOUNG GENERATION
Authors: Abdurakhmanovich Yuldashev Farrux
Published: January 2020

The role of humanism and national values are important in the contemporary policy of Uzbekistan. This study discusses the role and place of the ideas of humanism and tolerance in the development of ethics, culture, humanistic qualities of young people who are the leading forces of our society. The ideas on the wide use of the scientific heritage of the scientists and thinkers in the life of youth and nation have been considered. In the result of the study the factors of nurturing the young generation in promoting harmony and humanism have been drawn.
KEY WORDS: stability, independent thinking, personality, society, humanism, worldview, tolerance, progress, spiritual and moral maturity, interethnic harmony, compromise, dedication, diligence, thinker, spiritual legacy.
INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY SET AND GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TO EARNINGS QUALITY
Authors: Listyaningsih Fransisca
Published: January 2020

This study aims to examine the effect of good corporate governance mechanisms (consisting of institutional ownership and managerial ownership) and investment opportunity set (IOS) on earnings quality. The population in this study are companies with types of manufacturing industries listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013 to 2017. The sample was obtained using a purposive random sampling method. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression. The results showed that the mechanism of good corporate governance did not affect earnings quality, and investment opportunity set (IOS) affected earnings quality.

KEYWORDS: Good Corporate Governance, Investment Opportunity Set and Earnings Quality
ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СУБ`ЄКТІВ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ЗАХІДНОМУ РЕГІОНІ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Лепкий М.І.
Published: January 2020

У статті дано характеристику стану регіонального ринку туристичного продукту, проаналізовано динаміку кількості суб’єктів туристичної діяльності. На основі аналізу статистичних даних виявлено нерівномірність розташування туристичних операторів, туристичних агентів, які здійснюють туристичне обслуговування в Західному регіоні України
ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗВИТКУ ЯКІСНОГО НАДАННЯ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ В РЕГІОНІ
Authors: Масечко І.В.
Published: January 2020

У статті розглянуто поняття якості послуг та можливі шляхи підвищення якості послуг для забезпечення ефективного розвитку туристичних послуг в регіоні і підвищення його конкурентоспроможності
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ РОБОЧОГО ЧАСУ В РЕГІОНІ
Authors: Шубала І.В.
Published: January 2020

У статті вивчено тенденції та закономірності використання робочого часу на прикладі Волинської області
ВПЛИВ ТУРИСТИЧНОГО ОБРАЗУ РЕГІОНУ НА ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНУ ПРИВАБЛИВІСТЬ ТА ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ТЕРИТОРІЇ
Authors: Джаман М.О.
Published: January 2020

Стаття присвячена дослідженню туристичного образу регіону як фактора інвестиційної привабливості та економічного розвитку території. У статті зроблено аналіз наукових праць західних, російських і вітчизняних вчених-науковців. Виявлено, що досить часто зустрічається аналіз феномена імідж регіону в політичній, економічній, географічній соціальній, маркетинговій площині тощо, але безпосередньо проблема туристичного образу регіону належного висвітлення не отримала. Визначена категорія регіону в нашому розумінні і конкретизовані принципи, якими доцільно керуватися для створення культурно-образної характеристики території. Представлено як туристичний образ регіону сприяє тому, щоб ту чи іншу територію поважали не тільки споживачі туристичного продукту, а й бізнесмени і інвестори та прагнули відвідати, працювати і навіть жити на ній; як туристичний образ регіону позитивно впливає на рівень свідомості суспільства, на його естетичне і екологічне виховання та яким чином він впливає на інвестиційну привабливість та економічний розвиток території
СТАЛИЙ РОЗВИТОК ВОЛИНІ: ЦІЛЬОВІ ОРІЄНТИРИ
Authors: Волинчук Ю.В.  , Камінська І.М.
Published: January 2020

В статті розглянуто цілі сталого розвитку, визначені як пріоритетні для Волинської області до 2030 року. Проаналізовано ключові завдання для досягнення поставлених цілей та основні характерні індикатори. Наведено рекомендації, що сприятимуть збалансуванню зазначених цілей в регіоні
ТУРИЗМ ЯК ІНДИКАТОР РОЗВИТКУ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Погуда Н.В.
Published: January 2020

У статті розглянуто сучасні індекси оцінки розвитку економіки країни. Проаналізовано динаміку валового внутрішнього продукту та динаміку зростання доходів від надання туристичних послуг. Встановлено, що між показником ВВП та розвитком туризму існує тісний зв'язок. Визначено необхідність розвитку туризму як індикатора розвитку економіки
СТАН ЖИТЛОВОГО БУДІВНИЦТВА В РЕГІОНАХ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Кривов’язюк І.В.  , Заблоцька І.Л.
Published: January 2020

В статті актуалізовано проблематику дослідження сфери житлового будівництва в регіонах України. На основі результатів аналізу змісту публікацій вчених сучасності розкрито пріоритетні напрямки досліджень у визначенні стану житлового будівництва в регіонах України. Вивчено стан житлового будівництва в регіонах України. Систематизовано проблеми житлового будівництва в регіонах України. Запропоновано напрямки покращення стану житлового будівництва
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОГРАМИ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ РЕГІОНУ
Authors: Куцай Н.С.
Published: January 2020

В статті розглянуто основні засади формування та впровадження програми інноваційного розвитку регіону. З’ясовано недоліки напрямів формування сучасної моделі програми інноваційного розвитку регіонів держави
ABOUT COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR SIMPLIFIED METHODOLOGY OF COMPLEX ASSESSMENT OF STRENGTH OF TWO-BEAM BEAMS
Authors: Холодняк Ю.С.,  , Костіков О.А.  , Подлєсний С.В.  , Капорович С.В.
Published: January 2020

Computer programs for calculation the strength of statically determinable double-support and cantilevered I-beams are based on the previously proposed concept of using safe factor spaces of I-beams and significantly simplify and speed up the calculation process. The programs are created in the Mathcad system and illustrated by a numerous of examples. Programs use unified beam schemes, which geometric and power parameters are set by the user. All further calculation is performed by computer in automatic mode. The computer determines the beam support reactions, builds its specific calculation scheme, depicts the diagrams of the shear forces and bending moments, determines the minimum of I-beam size that satisfies the strength conditions for normal, tangential and equivalent stresses. The completed software developments can be recommended to the students and engineers to use for educational purposes and engineering practice. It is recommended to add more functionality to the programs - to determine the deformations of beams - deflections and angles of rotation of sections, which will significantly expand the range of the considered tasks.
ОЦІНЮВАННЯ АДЕКВАТНОСТІ РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ, ЩО ОТРИМАНІ РІЗНИМИ МЕТОДАМИ (в порядку обговорення)
Authors: М.А. Подригало  , В.І. Вербицький  , А.І. Коробко  , В.Ю. Байдала
Published: January 2020

Анотація. В статті запропоновано новий спосіб оцінювання збігу теоретичних і експериментальних даних на основі методів математичної статистики, використовуючи в якості показника ймовірність з якою співпадають теоретичні і експериментальні дані (probability coincidence). Указаний показник засновано на припущенні того, що теоретичні і експериментальні дані розподілені нормально, а теоретичний розподіл змінюється в межах невизначеності (абсолютної похибки) вимірювання досліджуваного параметру. Мета статті підвищення точності оцінювання відповідності (адекватності) теоретичних моделей експериментальним даним. Розроблений показник дозволяє провести кількісне оцінювання адекватності математичної моделі даним експерименту. Указаний показник враховує величину невизначеності (абсолютної похибки) вимірювання показників, що входять у математичну модель. Фізична суть запропонованого показника − ймовірність з якою теоретичний розподіл співпадає з експериментальним.
UKRYCIA DORAŹNE DLA ZADAŃ OCHRONY LUDNOŚCI I OBRONY CYWILNEJ
Authors: Szcześniak Zbigniew , Lalka Janusz
Published: January 2020

W artykule zaproponowano możliwości stosowania ukryć doraźnych dla zadań ochrony ludności i obrony cywilnej. Ukrycia doraźne są tanim i szybkim realizacyjnie elementem uzupełniającym stacjonarną infrastrukturę osłonową przydatną w sytuacjach kryzysowych. Scharakteryzowano strukturę problemu i wskazano metody badań.
METODYKA MODELOWANIA POZIOMU BEZPIECZEŃSTWA SYSTEMÓW OCHRONY PERYFERYJNEJ
Authors: Siergiejczyk Mirosław , Rosiński Adam
Published: January 2020

Bezpieczeństwo obiektów transportowych, jako obiektów o charakterze strategicznym i zaliczanym do infrastruktury krytycznej, zależy od skuteczności zastosowanych poszczególnych systemów bezpieczeństwa. Systemy te powinny wzajemnie się uzupełnić, tak by skuteczność wykrycia zagrożenia była możliwe maksymalna przy założonych warunkach początkowych. Dlatego też stosuje się różnorodne rozwiązania. W artykule ukazano wykorzystanie różnych systemów ochrony peryferyjnej do ochrony obiektów. Zaprezentowano także metodykę modelowania poziomu bezpieczeństwa systemów ochrony peryferyjnej.
Diseño de Sistemas de Control Basados en el Análisis del Dominio en Frecuencia
Authors: Pinzón Stanislao , Pavón Wilson
Published: January 2020

El trabajo presenta un análisis de los sistemas en el dominio de frecuencias, dado importancia y amplio uso para diferentes áreas de la ciencia y la ingeniería como el diseño de sistemas de control. Vinculado al análisis del dominio en frecuencia, se ocupa del uso de la herramienta gráfica de los diagramas de Bode, que se utiliza para visualizar las acciones necesarias para que los sistemas propuestos sean estables a través de la inclusión de varios controladores como PI o PID. Los resultados obtenidos permiten corroborar la importancia y el potencial del análisis en el dominio de frecuencias para los casos comunes de sistemas expresados como funciones de transferencia.
A Novel Detection Method for Appetite Suppressants Illegally Added into Weight-Loss-Friendly Foods
Authors: Tingting Sun , Fei Han , Yunhui Xu , Yanhong Xu
Published: January 2020

Weight-loss-friendly foods are often adulterated illegally with appetite suppressants. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective and reliable methods for the detection of food adulteration. To this end, we have developed a novel detection system called high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry capable of separation and detection of adulterants as low as 0.03 μg/kg. This method describes all the necessary separation and detection parameters required for the high-throughput detection of simultaneously added multiple suppressants in foods.
Whey Protein-Induced Amelioration of Liver Functions in Auto-Immune Diabetic Rats is Interferon-γ Mediated
Authors: Abdel-Maksoud Mostafa A. , Jamaan Ajarem , Hossam Ebaid , Al-Qahtani Wahidah H. , Maodaa Saleh N.
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary supplementation with WP could enhance the liver functions of diabetic rats. A total of 45 male rats were assigned into a control group (C), a diabetic group (DM) and a diabetic group orally supplemented with WP (DMWP) at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. WP was found to decrease the expression levels of Flavin monooxygenase 2 gene in the WP supplemented group of rats in comparison to the non-supplemented ones. A significant restoration of the expression level of interferon-γ was observed in DMWP rats in comparison to the control ones. Additionally, WP supplementation was found to significantly restore the levels of both Akt1 and Fas in the WP supplemented group in comparison to both the control group and the non-supplemented diabetic group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with WP enhances the liver functions in the diabetic rats.
Solanum macrocarpon Leaf Extracts Reduced Blood Pressure and Heart Rate After Oral Administration to Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Oluwagunwa Olayinka A. , Alashi Adeola M. , Aluko Rotimi E.
Published: January 2020

The aim of this work was to determine the ability of polyphenol-enriched aqueous vegetable leaf extracts to ameliorate blood pressure and heart rate dysfunctions in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Solanum macrocarpon (SM), a common edible vegetable leaf in West Africa was cultivated using varying levels (0-80 kg/ha) of urea that was applied at planting (T1) or 2 weeks after planting (T2). In vitro analysis showed that total polyphenolic compounds varied from 489.87 ± 5.66 to 513.56 ± 1.42 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry wt of extract. Rutin, caffeic acid and myricetin were the major polyphenols quantified in the extracts. All the extracts inhibited in vitro activities of renin and angiotensin converting enzyme to varying extents. Two extracts (SM40T1 and SM80T2) were orally administered to SHRs at 100 or 500 mg/kg body wt. Results showed that systolic blood pressure was reduced to a similar level by SM40T1 (10.8 mmHg) and SM80T2 (10.5 mmHg) for the 100 mg/kg body wt dose; the 500 mg/kg body wt dose produced similar values. Diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were also depressed by the two extracts with similar effects observed for both doses. We conclude that the leaf extracts could serve as potential ingredients to formulate antihypertensive functional foods and nutraceuticals.
Amelioration of Constipation by Cordyceps militaris Polysaccharides
Authors: Xin Xin , Yingying Niu , Meimei Xing , Changqin Li , Wenyi Kang
Published: January 2020

The effect of constipation of Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) polysaccharide was evaluated in rat constipated models. Constipation was induced by intragastric administration of loperamide hydrochloride at a dosage of 0.75 mg/kg twice daily for 10 days. C. militaris polysaccharide at doses of 800, 400, 200 mg/kg (1 mL/100 g weight) were administered to loperamide-treated rats for 7 days. The serum levels of motilin, gastrin and substance P were significantly increased in the Loperamide/Maren group (P < 0.05) and C. militaris polysaccharide high dose group (P < 0.05) compared with the Loperamide only group. The levels of somatostatin in the Loperamide/Maren group (P < 0.05) and C. militaris polysaccharide high dose group (P < 0.05) were significantly decreased. Colon tissue slices were examined for any histologic changes. Colon tissues from constipated rats showed ruptured and abnormal cells. Such changes were less common in rats treated with high-dose C. militaris polysaccharide.
Prevention of Obesity-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using Grape Pomace Extract
Authors: Li Li , Huali Wang , Min Ai , Jian Pan
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of grape pomace extracts on obesity-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats. To this end, forty male Wistar rats were assigned into four groups and were fed regular chow, high-fat diet, high-fat diet plus low-dose grape pomace extract (0.5%, w/w) or high-dose (2%, w/w) grape pomace extract (GPE) for 16 weeks. We observed that lipid concentrations (triglyceride and cholesterol) were elevated in the plasma and liver in rats on a high-fat diet and also on those receiving 2% GPE with high-fat diet. These changes were resulting from the downregulation of lipogenic enzymes and stimulation of hepatic lipolysis. A high-fat diet-mediated increase in hepatic oxidative stress was reduced by GPE. The plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased by GPE. These results suggest that the supplementation with GPE may ameliorate adiposity, hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in high-fat diet-fed rats and potentially retard the development of obesity-induced NAFLD.
Hedyotis Diffusa Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Proliferation and Migration of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Modulating the AKT/ERK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liwei Xu , Liang Guo , Hong Li , Xiyun Bian
Published: January 2020

Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (HDW) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of inhibitory effects of HDW on the growth of ovarian cancer cells. Treatment of ovarian cancer cells with increasing doses of HDW for 48 or 72 h resulted in a significant reduction in the viability and colony formation of cancer cells. In HDW-treated cancer cells, the cell cycle was blocked at the G0/G1 phase and cell apoptosis was 4- to 5-fold higher than that of control group. HDW treatment also markedly inhibited the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Mechanistically, the phosphorylation levels of AKT and ERK were down-regulated in HDW-treated ovarian cancer cells. Therefore, HDW is likely to become a promising therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer treatment.
Isoliquiritigenin Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Modulating miR-21/FOXG1 Pathway
Authors: Deqiang Hou , Yufeng Gao , Ning Bai , Yu Dong
Published: January 2020

Isoliquiritigenin is a flavonoid commonly found in liquorice and has been identified as a potent anti-tumor agent. The aim of this study was to investigate whether isoliquiritigenin regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating forkhead box G1 expression via miR-21. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to analyze cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to detect mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively. The relationship between miR-21 and forkhead box G1 was detected by dual luciferase assay. Isoliquiritigenin inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells, and decreased miR-21 levels and promoted forkhead box G1 expression. Forkhead box G1 was then identified as a target of miR-21 and ISL could promote forkhead box G1 expression by inhibiting miR-21. Further analysis suggested that upregulation of miR-21 improved proliferation and suppressed apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by inhibiting forkhead box G1 expression. Finally, our results revealed that isoliquiritigenin inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating miR-21. Isoliquiritigenin might act as a novel therapeutic treatment for tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells through up-regulation of forkhead box G1 expression via inhibiting miR-21expression.
Effect of Defatting or Protein-removing Treatment of Wheat Flour on its Pasting, Thermal and Rheological Properties
Authors: Yu-Sheng Wang , Hai-Hua Chen
Published: January 2020

The present study focused on the physicochemical properties of wheat flour after defatting or protein-removing treatment. The results showed that the defatting or protein-removal increased the gelatinization enthalpy, retrogradation ratio, and gel hardness of wheat flour. The defatting treatment decreased the setback value, while the protein-removal treatment increased the setback value. The above results also suggested that the protein-removing treatment could promote both short-term and long-term retrogradation of wheat flour. Protein-removing treatment decreased the storage modulus and increased the loss tangent of wheat flour, suggesting that the protein-removing treatment could inhibit the wheat flour to form elastic gel.
Kesiapan Psikologis Ibu Hamil Trimester III Dalam Persiapan Persalinan Pasca Relaksasi Hypnobirthing
Authors: Istikhomah Henik , Mumpuni Dyah Ayu Putri
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Psychological Readiness Pregnancy Trimester III, Post-Relaxation Hypnobirthing. A number of fear seen in pregnant women during the third trimester. Unpreparedness to face the birth mother to be one of the causes of high maternal mortality rate. Mother began to feel fear of pain and the physical dangers that will arise at the time of delivery. Because they were, the mother must make themselves maintain the harmony of mind and body through relaxation. Hypnobirthing techniques can help relax the muscles so that mothers avoid the anxiety and may help mothers more calm in the face of labor. The purpose of this study to describe the psychological readiness of third trimester pregnant women in childbirth after relaxation hypnobirthing. Quantitative descriptive research. The population in this study is the third trimester pregnant women who have followed the relaxation hypnobirthing ≥ 4 times in BPM and BPM Yessi Yosi Trihana Aprilia Klaten. Saturated sampling technique is sampling as many as 30 third trimester pregnant women who had attended relaxation hypnobirthing ≥ 4 times as respondents. Of the 30 respondents third trimester pregnant women who attended ≥ 4 times showed 19 respondents (63.30%) declared ready psychologically to face childbirth after following the relaxation of hypnobirthing ≥ 4 times. And 11 respondents (36.70%) are not ready psychologically to face the post-relaxation hypnobirthing childbirth ≥ 4 times. Most of the third trimester pregnant women are better prepared psychologically to face childbirth after following the relaxation of hypnobirthing ≥ 4 times in BPM and BPM Yessi Yosi Trihana Aprilia Klaten.
Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Prenatal Gentle Yoga Terhadap Kecemasan Menjelang Persalinan Pada Ibu Hamil Primigravida Trimester Iii Di Klinik Bidan Kita Klaten
Authors: Aryani Ritsma Zunira , Handayani Rohmi , Handayani Rohmi , Susilowati Dewi
Published: January 2020

Abstract Background: Prolonged anxiety at labor may result in abnormal labor and unfavorable effects on the fetus. To break the chain of anxiety can be done with prenatal gentle yoga, because in the prenatal gentle yoga there are pose that can make the pregnant woman relax.To know the characteristics of espondents, to know the average anxietyscore before and after prenatal gentle yoga and to know the impact of prenatal gentle yoga implementation on the anxiety before the delivery of primigravida third trimester pregnant women at Bidan Kita Clinic, Klaten.The research used quasy experiment with one group pretest-posttest approach. Method:The sampling technique used is total sampling, obtained the number of samples of 32 trimester pregnant women III who follow prenatal gentle yoga in the first time. Correlation analysis technique used Paired T Test. From 32 respondents, showed that the majority (97%) of espondents were 2035 years ld with higher education background (50%) and worked as private (37%), the average anxiety score before prenatal gentle yoga was 27.4375 and  the average anxiety score after prenatal gentle yoga decreased to 23.1563. The anxiety degradation score ahead of delivery to the respondents was 4.2812. Result: The result of data normality test, distribution of data in this research is normal distribution hence correlation test used Paired T test with value p value is 0.000 (p <0.05). There is a significant decrease in respondents' anxiety scores. Conclusion: There is a strong impact between the prenatal gentle yoga exercise on heanxiety winning of labor in pregnant primigravida in third trimester at Bidan Kita Clinic, Klaten.
Penentuan Kriteria Penilaian Kesan Jumlah Leukosit Pada Pemeriksaan Apusan Darah Tepi
Authors: Arwie Dzikra , Islawati
Published: January 2020

Leukocytes or white blood cells have a characteristic characteristic of different cells. Determination of the impression of the number of leukocytes is determined in the number of cells in the field of view. While the number of viewable field cells expressed is still quite varied. The purpose of this study was to determine the number of leukocytes in the field of view and expressed the impression of a sufficient amount. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Health Analyst Department Panrita Husada Bulukumba on 9 April 2017 to 14 July 2017. This type of research is a laboratory observation that aims to determine the criteria for assessing the impression of the number of leukocytes on a peripheral blood smear. Data analysis using statistical analysis is the average and standard deviations to determine the impression of the number of leukocytes and use 3 inspection zones. The results of this study obtained results in zone IV the number of leukocyte impressions said to be sufficient was 7-10, in zone V the number of leukocyte impressions said to be sufficient was 4-9, and in zone VI the number of leukocyte impressions said to be sufficient was 3-8.
Pengaruh Terapi Dzikir Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Pada Pasien Pre Dan Post Operasi
Authors: Nurlina  , Nursyamsi
Published: January 2020

Postoperative surgery and trauma are stressors that can cause physiological and psychological reactions to the patient. Psychological reactions in the form of anxiety usually arise in the preoperative stage when the patient anticipates surgery and at the postoperative stage because of pain and discomfort, changes in body image and bodily functions. Handling anxiety with spiritual aspects in the form of dzikir therapy is an effort to reduce anxiety levels in patients pre and post surgery. This study used a pre-experimental research design with a one group pre and posttest design study design. The sample of this study was 15 respondents in the experimental group taken by consecutive sampling method. The experimental group received a dzikir therapy 1 time treatment with a duration of 12 minutes. Data collection is done using a questionnaire sheet. Analysis of the data used in this study is univariate and bivariate by using a paired sample t test. The results of the analysis used a statistical test paired sample t test with a level of confidence (α = 0.05). Based on the results of this test, the p value is 0,000, thus p <α (0,000 <0,05). The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of giving dzikir therapy to the level of anxiety in patients pre and post surgery. Researchers suggest that the results of this study can be used as a reference for application in the scope of nursing services, especially handling anxiety.
LA TRAYECTORIA DE LA “AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR” EN LA AGENDA AGROALIMENTARIA ARGENTINA Y LAS RIGIDECES DE LA POLÍTICA NACIONAL
Authors: Mercedes Patrouilleau María , Taraborrelli Diego , Alonso Ignacio
Published: January 2020

O conceito de agricultura familiar foi incorporado na agenda agropecuária argentina nos anos 2000, influenciada pela agenda regional e pelos discursos de organizações internacionais. O artigo analisa as mudanças nas políticas agrárias a partir da institucionalização da categoria social. Propõe-se uma abordagem multinível considerando os distintos modelos de de- senvolvimento, as mudanças na agenda agroalimentar e os processos de implementação de três programas (Prohuerta, Programa Social Agropecuário e Mudança Rural) no período de 1990-2018. A pesquisa baseou-se em análise de dados e documentos, e em entrevistas com informantes chaves. Os resultados permitem dar conta das dificuldades para promover mudanças mais substanciais na política agrária nacional.
POLÍTICAS PARA LA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR EN COSTA RICA:
Authors: Rodríguez Miranda Alejandro , Sáenz-Segura Fernando , Barboza Arias Luis , Le Coq Jean-François
Published: January 2020

A agricultura familiar (AF) revalorizou a pequena agricultura enfocando em uma série de vantagens sociais, ambientais e produtivas. Partindo de elementos da análise da política e ação pública, revisamos a evolução de diferentes políticas na promoção da agricultura familiar. A existência de políticas de apoio antes da Declaração do AIAF2014 indica que a AF não foi um tema conjuntural. A AF foi apontada como um elemento na estratégia de combate à pobre- za com um enfoque de desenvolvimento rural. Nova institucionalidade permite que a AF siga vigente na agenda de políticas. A AF tem um grande potencial para contribuir na resolução de problemas de desenvolvimento local. Os desafios futuros apontam para a identificação e regis- tro dos produtores, diferenciação da produção, inovação nas formas de mercado e de sistemas financeiros, e inclusão explícita nas estratégias de desenvolvimento territorial rural.
Synthesis of 3-alkenylindoles through regioselective C–H alkenylation of indoles by a ruthenium nanocatalyst
Authors: Paul Abhijit , Chatterjee Debnath , Banerjee Srirupa , Yadav Somnath
Published: January 2020

3-Alkenylindoles are biologically and medicinally very important compounds, and their syntheses have received considerable attention. Herein, we report the synthesis of 3-alkenylindoles via a regioselective alkenylation of indoles, catalysed by a ruthenium nanocatalyst (RuNC). The reaction tolerates several electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups on the indole moiety. Additionally, a “robustness screen” has also been employed to demonstrate the tolerance of several functional groups relevant to medicinal chemistry. With respect to the Ru nanocatalyst, it has been demonstrated that it is recoverable and recyclable up to four cycles. Also, the catalyst acts through a heterogeneous mechanism, which has been proven by various techniques, such as ICPMS and three-phase tests. The nature of the Ru nanocatalyst surface has also been thoroughly examined by various techniques, and it has been found that the oxides on the surface are responsible for the high catalytic efficiency of the Ru nanocatalyst.
Implications of Symmetry and Pressure in Friedmann Cosmology. II. Stellar Remnant Black Hole Mass Function
Authors: Croker K. S. , Nishimura K. A. , Farrah D.
Published: January 2020

We consider some observational consequences of replacing all black holes (BHs) with a class of non-singular solutions that mimic BHs but with dark energy (DE) interiors; GEneric Objects of DE (GEODEs). We focus on the BH mass function and chirp-mass redshift distribution of mergers visible to gravitational-wave observatories. We incorporate the GEODE blueshift into an initially Salpeter stellar remnant distribution, and model the binary population by evolving synthesized binary remnant distributions, published before LIGO’s first measurements. We find that a GEODE produced between 20 ≲ z ≲ 40, and observed at z ∼ 7, will have its initial mass amplified by ∼20–140×. This can relieve tension between accretion-only growth models and the inferred masses of BHs in quasars at z ≳ 6. Moreover, we find that merger rates of GEODE binaries increase by a factor of ∼2× relative to classical BHs. The resulting GEODE mass function is consistent with the most recent LIGO constraints at <0.5σ. In contrast, a Salpeter stellar distribution that evolves into classical remnants is in tension at ≳2σ. This agreement occurs without low-metallicity regions, abnormally massive progenitor stars, novel formation channels, or primordial object formation at extreme rates. In particular, we find that solar metallicity progenitors, which produce 1.1–1.8M
⊙ remnants, overlap with many LIGO observations when evolved as GEODEs.
Circumbinary Accretion from Finite and Infinite Disks
Authors: Muñoz Diego J. , Lai Dong , Kratter Kaitlin , Miranda Ryan
Published: January 2020

We carry out 2D viscous hydrodynamics simulations of circumbinary disk (CBD) accretion using AREPO. We resolve the accretion flow from a large-scale CBD down to the streamers and disks around individual binary components. Extending our recent studies, we consider circular binaries with various mass ratios (0.1 ≤ q
b ≤ 1) and study accretion from “infinite,” steady-supply disks and from finite-sized, viscously spreading tori. For “infinite” disks, a global steady state can be reached, and the accretion variability has a dominant frequency ∼0.2Ωb for q
b > 0.5 and Ωb for q
b < 0.5 (Ωb is the binary angular frequency). We find that the accretion “eigenvalue” l
0—the net angular momentum transfer from the disk to the binary per unit accreted mass—is always positive and falls in the range (0.65–

(with a
b the binary separation), depending weakly on the mass ratio and viscosity. This leads to binary expansion when q
b ≳ 0.3. Accretion from a finite torus can be separated into two phases: an initial transient phase, corresponding to the filling of the binary cavity, followed by a viscous pseudostationary phase, during which the torus viscously spreads and accretes onto the binary. In the viscous phase, the net torque on the binary per unit accreted mass is close to l
0, the value derived for “infinite” disks. We conclude that binaries of similar mass accreting from CBDs gain angular momentum and expand over long timescales. This result significantly impacts the coalescence of supermassive binary black holes and newly formed binary stars. We offer a word of caution against conclusions drawn from simulations of transient accretion onto empty circumbinary cavities.
Understanding the Structure of Rapid Intensity Fluctuations in the Chromosphere with IRIS
Authors: Schmit D. , Pontieu B. De , Winebarger A. , Rachmeler L. , Daw A.
Published: January 2020

Several recent data sets have taken advantage of the unique capabilities of orbital and suborbital spacecraft to image the chromosphere and transition region at a very high cadence. We find that both the chromosphere and transition region exhibit spatially coherent transient features at frequencies above 80 mHz. We have analyzed narrowband imaging data from H i Lyα 1215 Å (provided by CLASP), Mg ii k 2796 Å, and Si iv 1400 Å (provided by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph). We categorize the spatial structure of these rapid fluctuations in different magnetic environments. Intensity fluctuations above the noise level are observed in plages in all passbands. We have found jet-like features in 1215 and 1400 Å data that extend from the edges of plages as well as network magnetic concentrations. We have not found any recurrent features that are identified in both 1400 and 1215 Å data. Short loop-like features were only found in 1400 Å data. Temperature minimum grains generate non-propagating features in 1400 Å data. We compare our observations with previous research on dynamic chromospheric phenomena at lower frequencies. Candidate mechanisms, related to both jets and waves, predict chromospheric and transition region intensity fluctuations at high temporal frequencies, which can now be observationally probed.
Triggering Mechanism and Material Transfer of a Failed Solar Filament Eruption
Authors: Yan Xiaoli , Xue Zhike , Cheng Xin , Zhang Jun , Wang Jincheng , Kong Defang , Yang Liheng , Chen Guorong , Feng Xueshang
Published: January 2020

Solar filament eruptions are often associated with solar flares and coronal mass ejections, which have the greatest impact on space weather. However, the fine structures and the trigger mechanisms of solar filaments are still unclear. To address these issues, we studied a failed solar active-region filament eruption associated with a C-class flare by using high-resolution Hα images from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope, supplemented by EUV observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory. Before the filament eruption, a small bipolar magnetic field emerged below the filament. Then magnetic reconnection between the filament and the emerging bipolar magnetic field triggered the filament eruption. During the filament eruption, the untwisting motion of the filament can be clearly traced by the eruptive threads. Moreover, the footpoints of the eruptive threads are determined by tracing the descending filament material. Note that the twisted structure of the filament and the right part of the eruptive filament threads cannot be seen before the filament eruption. These eruptive threads in the right part of the filament are found to be rooting in the weak negative polarities near the main negative sunspot. Moreover, a new filament formed in the filament channel due to material injection from the eruptive filament. The above observations and the potential field extrapolations are inclined to support the idea that the filament materials were transferred into the overlying magnetic loops and the nearby filament channel by magnetic reconnection. These observations improve our understanding of the complexity of filament eruptions.
The Effect of Star–Disk Interactions on Highly Eccentric Stellar Orbits in Active Galactic Nuclei: A Disk Loss Cone and Implications for Stellar Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: MacLeod Morgan , Lin Douglas N. C.
Published: January 2020

Galactic center black holes appear to be nearly universally surrounded by dense stellar clusters. When these black holes go through an active accretion phase, the multiple components of the accretion disk, stellar cluster, and black hole system all coexist. We analyze the effect of drag forces on highly eccentric stellar orbits incurred as stars puncture through the disk plane. Disk crossings dissipate orbital energy, drawing eccentric stars into more circular orbits. For high surface density disks, such as those found around black holes accreting near the Eddington mass accretion limit, the magnitude of this energy dissipation can be larger than the mean scatterings that stars receive by two-body relaxation. One implication of this is the presence of a disk “loss cone” for highly eccentric stellar orbits where the dissipation from disk interaction outweighs scatter via two-body relaxation. The disk loss cone is larger than the tidal disruption loss cone for near-Eddington black hole accretion rates. Stellar orbits within the disk loss cone are lost from the overall cluster as stellar orbits are circularized and stars are potentially ablated by their high-velocity impacts with the disk. We find, however, that the presence of the disk loss cone has a minimal effect on the overall rate of stellar tidal disruptions. Stars are still efficiently fed to the black hole from more-distant stellar orbits that receive large-enough per-orbit scatter to jump over the disk loss cone and end up tidally disrupted.
Luminous Lyα Emitters with Very Blue UV-continuum Slopes at Redshift 5.7 ≤ z ≤ 6.6
Authors: Jiang Linhua , Cohen Seth H. , Windhorst Rogier A. , Egami Eiichi , Finlator Kristian , Schaerer Daniel , Sun Fengwu
Published: January 2020

We study six luminous Lyα emitters (LAEs) with very blue rest-frame UV continua at 5.7 ≤ z ≤ 6.6. These LAEs have previous Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Spitzer IRAC observations. Combining our newly acquired HST images, we find that their UV-continuum slopes β are in a range of −3.4 ≤ β ≤ −2.6. Unlike previous, tentative detections of β ≃ −3 in photometrically selected, low-luminosity galaxies, our LAEs are spectroscopically confirmed and luminous (M
UV < −20 mag). We model their broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs), and find that two β ≃ −2.6 ± 0.2 galaxies can be well fitted with young and dust-free stellar populations. However, it becomes increasingly difficult to fit bluer galaxies. We explore further interpretations by including the non-zero LyC escape fraction f
esc, very low metallicities, and/or active galactic nucleus contributions. Assuming f
esc ≃ 0.2, we achieve the bluest slopes β ≃ −2.7 when nebular emission is considered. This can nearly explain the SEDs of two galaxies with β ≃ −2.8 and −2.9 (σ

β
 = 0.15). Larger f
esc values and very low metallicities are not favored by the strong nebular line emission (evidenced by the IRAC flux) or the observed (IRAC 1 − IRAC 2) color. Finally, we find that the β ≃ −2.9 galaxy can potentially be well explained by the combination of a very young population with a high f
esc (≥0.5) and an old, dusty population. We are not able to produce two β ≃ −3.4 ± 0.4 galaxies. Future deep spectroscopic observations are needed to fully understand these galaxies.
Host identification for the deep-sea snail genus Haliella with description of a new species (Caenogastropoda, Eulimidae)
Authors: Takano Tsuyoshi , Kimura Shoichi , Kano Yasunori
Published: January 2020

A new parasitic species of eulimid gastropod, Haliella seisuimaruaesp. nov., is described from bathyal (728–978 m) waters off the Pacific coasts of Japan. It shows the closest resemblance to the type species H. stenostoma from the North Atlantic and Barents Sea in having a tall shell with an almost straight outer lip, but differs in having a junction of the parietal wall and columellar lip at 38% of the aperture height from the suture (33% in H. stenostoma), a slightly wider aperture and a more curved and extended columellar lip. The holotype of H. seisuimaruaesp. nov. was found attached to an irregular sea urchin, Brissopsis sp. cf. luzonica (Spatangoida: Brissidae). This represents the first direct observation of parasitic ecology and echinoderm host for the genus Haliella. A new replacement name, Eulima tsushimensisnom. nov., is proposed here for Eulima stenostoma A. Adams, 1861, which is preoccupied by Eulima stenostoma Jeffreys, 1858 (type of Haliella).
Les assurances paramétriques au cœur des smart contracts : une révolution pour l’assurance
Authors: Courtecuisse Matthieu , Davit Ronan
Published: January 2020

Dans le domaine de l’assurance, la substitution de smart contracts aux contrats traditionnels offre des avantages évidents : transparence des prestations et des primes, rapidité des indemnisations, réduction des coûts de gestion, sécurisation des opérations. Toutefois leur mise en place nécessite de relever trois types de défis : construire l’événement couvert et vérifier l’appétence de l’assuré à cette nouvelle couverture dans un cadre automatisé, trouver et gérer la donnée sous-jacente indispensable au smart contract , et organiser une profonde mutation dans le pilotage de son activité et son organisation. Les assureurs pourront difficilement ne pas appliquer cette technologie, tout au moins à une partie de leur portefeuille de contrats. Classification JEL : G22, O33.
Les élevages-recycleurs de déchets alimentaires à Hanoï : un service informel en transition
Authors: Cesaro Jean-Daniel , Cantard Timothée , Leroy Marie-Lan Nguyen , Peyre Marie-Isabelle , Huyen Le Thi Thanh , Duteurtre Guillaume
Published: January 2020

Dans la province d’Hanoï, des centaines d’éleveurs collectent chaque jour les restes de repas dans les quartiers urbains. Ces « eaux grasses » servent à nourrir des porcs, des poulets et des poissons dans des exploitations agricoles situées en périphérie de la métropole. Cette économie circulaire atypique valorise une ressource organique, évitant ainsi son enfouissement dans les décharges publiques. Dans un contexte de métropolisation, ce système informel d’élevages-recycleurs est sous pression car le volume de déchets augmente alors que les espaces à vocation agricole dans le tissu urbain se raréfient. Comment ces acteurs arrivent-ils encore à assurer cette collecte et quel avenir ont-ils en perspective ? À travers l’analyse de données empiriques, cet article propose de qualifier et quantifier la contribution de cette organisation paysanne dans le métabolisme urbain de la métropole. L’originalité de cette pratique interpelle dans un contexte mondial de pression sur les ressources. Ces éleveurs périurbains contribuent-ils à une plus grande efficacité du métabolisme urbain ?
Le Grand voyage du pays des Hurons (1632) de Gabriel Sagard : envisager la notion d’aventure entre stratégie d’auteur, édification et interprétation
Authors: Paschoud Adrien
Published: January 2020

Le Grand voyage au pays des Hurons (1632) du récollet Sagard emprunte plusieurs traits au récit d’aventure : il convie le lecteur à contempler une épopée marquée par d’innombrables dangers, dont la finalité est la conversion de l’humanité a priori la plus rétive au message chrétien. Mais il puise aussi, non sans équivoque, dans les ressorts fictionnels du récit d’aventure afin de plaire. À un autre niveau d’analyse, le terme d’ aventure sera envisagé sous l’angle des effets de sens que la missiologie post-tridentine – dont le recours à l’image matérielle – a parfois produits au contact du monde huron.
Doser l’aventure : la littérature de voyage entre Charybde et Scylla
Authors: Tinguely Frédéric
Published: January 2020

En dialogue constant avec le genre romanesque, les relations de voyage du XVII e  siècle séduisent un lectorat nouveau en associant les charmes de l’aventure au témoignage sur les espaces et les peuples lointains. Mais la formule suppose un dosage subtil, car le risque d’une lecture fictionnelle est toujours présent, comme le montrent les deux cas-limites analysés : la réception de Fernão Mendes Pinto ainsi que celle du Voyage et avantures de François Leguat dans les Mascareignes.
Des tribulations de Scarron aux déboires d’Énée : aventures héroïques, galantes et burlesques dans Le Virgile travesti
Authors: Leclerc Jean
Published: January 2020

Dans cette contribution, je propose de faire une analyse thématique de la notion d’aventure en me basant sur le Virgile travesti de Scarron, et particulièrement sur le personnage d’Énée. Les thèmes du voyage, de la guerre et de l’amour, présents dans les définitions de Furetière aux termes aventure et aventurier , permettent en effet de montrer comment cette notion joue un rôle important dans un genre comme le travestissement de l’épopée, mais aussi de constater qu’elle est le creuset où s’opère la rencontre entre le texte antique et différents éléments de la culture française du XVII e  siècle, qu’il s’agisse d’éléments sociaux ou moraux, issus de la culture lettrée ou populaire.
La tragi-comédie, ou l’invention de l’aventure
Authors: Baby Hélène
Published: January 2020

La réflexion sur la tragi-comédie dans son rapport à l’aventure entend dépasser le traditionnel recensement de ses éléments romanesques : à partir d’une étude lexicale du mot aventure, d’une part dans les titres donnés aux fictions narratives et dramatiques dans la première moitié du XVII e  siècle, et d’autre part dans les textes des tragi-comédies elles-mêmes, se dégage nettement la correspondance entre le merveilleux de l’aventure et le merveilleux du spectacle théâtral.
Les aventures de la cour : courses, fêtes et divertissements
Authors: Roussillon Marine
Published: January 2020

Dans les récits de fêtes et de carrousels du début du règne de Louis XIV, l’évocation de l’aventure est le support d’une revendication de force guerrière. Elle est aussi le lieu d’une conversion de cette force en plaisir réalisée grâce à une esthétique du merveilleux qui apparente le récit de fête à d’autres genres modernes et galants. Enfin, cette articulation entre force et plaisir est l’objet de tensions et de débats : la dégradation de l’aventure héroïque en aventure érotique sert une condamnation des usages politiques du plaisir.
« Les Roys ne sont jamais enfans » L’éducation royale au Grand Siècle : avanie ou aventure ?
Authors: Teyssandier Bernard
Published: January 2020

Si on se contente de l’appréhender dans la sécheresse de sa chronologie et si on s’en tient à une approche purement factuelle de la réalité, l’institution du prince telle qu’elle se conçoit en France au Grand Siècle, avec ses codes, ses normes et ses modes de fonctionnement, n’a rien d’une aventure. Mais si on replace cette période dans l’histoire élargie des représentations, des réalités mentales, c’est tout un imaginaire éducatif qui s’offre à l’interprétation, l’aventure constituant un point d’accroche particulièrement utile pour appréhender la manière dont les années de formation de Louis XIII et de Louis XIV ont fait signe en leur temps. Ce sont ainsi deux récits imagés dont hérite la postérité, deux storytellings riches en péripéties qui dessinent un double portrait de la dynastie bourbonienne. Celui d’un roi aventureux, Louis XIII ; et celui d’un roi aventurier, Louis XIV.