bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nationalbibliothek Luxemburg – ein ambitioniertes Bauprojekt
Authors: Bolles-Wilson Julia B. , Kremer Christine , Wilson Peter L.
Published: February 2022

Die Nationalbibliothek Luxemburg (Bibliothèque nationale du Luxembourg) ist die wichtigste Kultur-, Wissenschafts- und Forschungsbibliothek des Landes. Seit dem Umzug der Bibliothek in ihr neues, hochmodernes Gebäude im Jahr 2019 befinden sich zum ersten Mal in ihrer Geschichte alle Dokumente und Mitarbeitenden unter einem Dach. Bei der architektonischen Planung wurde besonders darauf geachtet, dass das neue Gebäude einladend und intuitiv für die Nutzerinnen und Nutzer ist, optimierte Arbeitsabläufe für die Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter ermöglicht und auf Flexibilität für zukünftige Erweiterungen setzt. Die Architekten verbanden Funktion und Design durch den Einsatz von natürlichem Licht und sorgfältig ausgewählten Materialien wie mikroperforierten, schallabsorbierenden Eichenholzpaneelen im Lesesaal und einer farbigen Betonfassade, wodurch sich die Bibliothek nicht nur von den traditionellen Bürogebäuden in ihrer Umgebung abhebt, sondern auch eine Atmosphäre von Komfort und Wärme schafft.
#JLUoffline. Der Cyber-Angriff auf die Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen im Dezember 2019
Authors: Kost Michael , Loibl Bastian , Reuter Peter , Stenke Matthias
Published: February 2022

Am 8. Dezember 2019 wurde die Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU) Opfer eines schwerwiegenden IT-Sicherheitsvorfalls, der von externen Angreifern verursacht worden war. Eine durchgeführte Ex-post-Analyse hat ergeben, dass die JLU durch die seinerzeit neuartige Ransomware Ryuk kompromittiert worden war. Der Angriff war der bis dahin größte auf eine Einrichtung der öffentlichen Hand, der bekannt geworden war. Für die rund 28 000 Studierenden und 5 500 Beschäftigten der Universität waren die folgenden Wochen durch ein Notfallmanagement gekennzeichnet. Durch rasches und konsequentes Handeln und durch eine Reihe konzertierter Maßnahmen konnte der Schaden in Grenzen gehalten werden. Eine neue IT-Governance- und Sicherheitsarchitektur, die im Dialog mit externen Gutachtern und Beratungsfirmen entwickelt wurde, soll zukünftig auch vor Angriffen besser schützen. Die Cyber-Attacke hat in vielen Hinsichten auch gezeigt, dass alle Mitarbeitenden in den Sicherheitsprozess einbezogen werden und Verantwortung tragen müssen, die Sicherheit einer Universität aktiv mitzugestalten.
Calorimetric study of MgZn2 and Mg2Zn11
Authors: Morishita Masao , Koyama Koichiro
Published: February 2022

The thermodynamic properties of MgZn2 and Mg2Zn11 were investigated by calorimetry. The standard entropies of formation at 298 K,

Δ
f

S

298

°

$\Delta _{\rm{f}} S_{298}^{\rm{^\circ }} $

were determined from measuring the heat capacities, Cp
, from near absolute zero (2 K) to 390 K by the relaxation method. The standard enthalpies of formation at 298 K,

Δ
f

H

298

°

$\Delta _{\rm{f}} H_{298}^{\rm{^\circ }} $

were determined by solution calorimetry in hydrochloric acid solution. The standard Gibbs energies of formation at 298 K,

Δ
f

G

298

°

$\Delta _{\rm{f}} G_{298}^{\rm{^\circ }} $

were determined from these data. The electronic contribution to the heat capacities of MgZn2 and M2Zn11 were found to be similar to pure Zn, indicating that the valence electrons of Mg are trapped by the density of states for Zn in the vicinity of the Fermi level.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Si and YN doped powder metallurgical tantalum
Authors: Bischof M. , Leitner H. , Clemens H. , Staron P. , Dehm G. , Voiticek A. , Knabl W.
Published: February 2022

Tantalum has a wide range of applications due to its high melting temperature, its corrosion resistance and its mechanical and electrical properties. One of these applications are fine wires which are needed for Ta-capacitors. During fabrication of such components, the wires are exposed to high temperatures and, thus, grain growth combined with embrittlement becomes a major problem. In the present work, the effects of doping with small amounts of Si and YN on microstructure and mechanical properties of annealed Ta-wires have been investigated. Doped samples show a higher hardness and strength than samples of pure powder metallurgical (PM) Ta; however, the grain growth kinetics are very similar. Samples doped with Si and samples doped with both Si and YN exhibit almost identical properties.
Austenitic stainless steels of high strength and ductility
Authors: Speidel Markus O. , Speidel Hannes J. C.
Published: February 2022

High strength and high ductility together are prime requirements for modern structural metallic materials. Important industrial examples are steels for car components such as body sheets, tubes and forgings. The present paper traces two lines of alloy development, stable austenitic stainless steels and intentionally metastable austenitic stainless steels. Although both groups have different advantages and disadvantages, each one exceeds all other presently available structural metallic materials in terms of strength to density ratio at equal ductility.
Physical and materials aspects of photonic crystals for microwaves and millimetre waves
Authors: Gajic Rados , Kuchar Friedemar , Meisels Ronald , Radovanovic Jelena , Hingerl Kurt , Zarbakhsh Javad , Stampfl Jürgen , Woesz Alexander
Published: February 2022

Experimental and numerical results on photonic crystals are presented for the frequency range 26–60 GHz. The material used is alumina where two techniques have been applied for fabricating the photonic crystals: manual assembly of alumina rods and rapid prototyping. The observed positions of the fundamental and higher photonic band gaps are in excellent agreement with the calculated results. A new type of defect in the 3D woodpile structure, is created by inserting interstitial rods. As a new 2D structure a square parquet lattice is investigated. The concept of a negative index of refraction is adressed including a model calculation and an experimental demonstration by the transmission through a slab of a 2D photonic crystal.
Thermodynamic modeling of the Ni–S system
Authors: Waldner Peter , Pelton Arthur D.
Published: February 2022

A thorough review and critical evaluation of phase equilibria and thermodynamic data of the nickel – sulfur binary system at 1 bar pressure has been made over the entire composition range for temperatures from 25°C to above the liquidus. The Gibbs energies of nine phases have been modeled, and optimized model parameters have been obtained which reproduce all data simultaneously within experimental error limits. For the liquid phase, the recently extended modified quasichemical model is applied. Two-sublattice models within the framework of the Compound Energy Formalism are used for the high-temperature heazlewoodite and monosulfide pyrrhotite solutions. The Gibbs energies of six stoichiometric compounds are also modeled.
Some control mechanisms of spatial solidification in light alloys
Authors: Eskin G. I. , Eskin D. G.
Published: February 2022

Two unconventional approaches of controlling the size and distribution of primary particles in aluminium and magnesium alloys are suggested. The first approach uses the ultrasonic cavitation treatment for multiplication of solidification sites for primary crystals by activating catalytic impurities that are present in the melt. The second way, on the contrary, involves elimination of active solidification nuclei by melt overheating with subsequent nucleation of primary particles at a higher undercooling. Both approaches result in refinement of primary crystals.
Kinetics of ferrite to Widmanstätten austenite transformation in a high-strength low-alloy steel revisited
Authors: Guo Zhanli , Sha Wei
Published: February 2022

Growth kinetics of Widmanstätten austenite in ferrite in a Fe–C–Mn–Nb high strength low-alloy steel is studied. It is based on the model developed by Ivantsov, Horvay and Cahn, and Trivedi (HIT theory) that describes diffusion-controlled growth of precipitates with shapes approximating to needles or plates. The calculated results using HIT theory with experimental values of the radius of the advancing tip agree well with the experimental observations. It is found that the ratio between calculated and experimental values of the radius of the advancing tip is inversely proportional to the degree of supersaturation. The influence from transformation strain/stress and/or anisotropy of interphase energy on precipitate morphology, which was ignored in the development of HIT theory, is discussed.
Solid state lithium ion conductors for lithium batteries
Authors: Bashiri Parisa , Nazri Gholamabbas
Published: February 2022

Lithium ion batteries will play a significant role in the future of energy generation. The need for polymer electrolytes will be critical as such batteries are developed and implemented. The use of inorganic solid electrolytes likewise will be critical in the development of this emerging technology.
Temperament and character dimensions differ in chronic post-surgical neuropathic pain and cold pressure pain
Authors: Aho Tommi , Sipilä Reetta , Kalso Eija , Harno Hanna
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Psychobiological temperament and cognitive-evaluative character link to coping with chronic pain. The aim was to study possible independent role of temperament and character dimensions both in chronic and experimental pain in chronic post-surgical pain patients. This is a substudy of a previously published larger cohort of patients with intercostobrachial nerve injury after breast cancer surgery.

Methods

We recruited 241 women who had been treated for breast cancer 4–9 years before. They had a surgeon-verified intercostobrachial nerve injury with or without chronic post-surgical neuropathic pain (CPSNP). The patients filled in the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), and underwent the cold pressor test (CPT).

Results

201 (83%) patients reported chronic pain and 135 (56%) met the criteria for CPSNP. Patients with CPSNP showed higher levels of Harm Avoidance (HA) temperament than non-CPSNP patients, which was associated with lower cold pain tolerance and greater increase of pain intensity during CPT. HA subscales Fear of Uncertainty and Fatigability contributed to a stronger pain experience. For character dimensions, CPSNP patients reported higher levels of Self-Transcendence (ST) and lower levels of Self-Directedness (SD) and Cooperativeness (CO) than non-CPSNP patients. Cold pain tolerance, intensity, or unpleasantness did not associate with character dimensions.

Conclusions

Psychobiological temperament, but not character, is independently from other psychological factors associated with primary pain processing in an experimental pain setting. Patients with and without CPSNP showed different profiles on both temperament and character dimensions suggesting a combination of heightened emotional vulnerability and lowered personality adaptability in CPSNP patients. Character dimensions associated with clinical but not experimental pain.

Ethical committee number

The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District (reference number: 149/13/03/00/14).

Trial registry number

The study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 02487524).
Un proyecto fallido de movilidad urbana: la estatización del transporte público en Morelia, Michoacán, a través de la prensa (1981-1987)
Authors: Rodríguez Herrejón Guillermo Fernando
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo tiene el objetivo de observar cómo circularon los discursos del proyecto de estatización del transporte público en Morelia, Michoacán, al momento de su implementación en 1981 y hasta su reversión en 1987. Se trató de un ambicioso plan de movilidad urbana, con la intención de poner en manos del Estado el control del sector transporte; la intención era conseguir un servicio barato, rápido y sin corrupción y, al mismo tiempo, lograr mejores condiciones laborares para los choferes. Para ello se utilizaron varias estrategias, como el uso de la prensa, en donde distintos actores, como las autoridades estatales (encabezadas Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas), los lideres de organizaciones de transporte, los choferes y los usuarios, plasmaban constantemente sus argumentos, intenciones y búsqueda de legitimidad. Se observarán los intercambios entre los distintos grupos, los que trataban de defender al proyecto de estatización, y los que buscaban atacarlo para que se mantuvieran los esquemas de concesiones privadas. Para el análisis se usarán notas de prensa de La Voz de Michoacán y algunos decretos del Periódico Oficial del Estado de Michoacán.
Comparación en la aplicación de métodos de clasificación para determinar el modo de transporte de los estudiantes para acceder a la sede Rodrigo Facio de la Universidad de Costa Rica en Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica
Authors: Hernández Vega Henry , Sanabria Barboza Diana
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de un proceso exploratorio donde se aplicaron diferentes métodos de clasificación para determinar el modo de transporte de los estudiantes para acceder a la sede Rodrigo Facio de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Dentro de los modelos analizados se encuentran la regresión logística binomial, análisis discriminante lineal, árboles de decisión, K-vecinos más cercanos, máquinas de soporte vectorial y redes neuronales. Se realizó una validación con el método de K-pliegues y se obtuvo una precisión superior al 83% para todos los modelos analizados. De manera similar, se aplicó el modelo de ensamble apilamiento para las técnicas de árboles de decisión, K-vecinos más cercanos, máquinas de soporte vectorial, bosques aleatorios, agregación de Bootstrap, regresión logística binomial y método de potenciación obteniendo valores de precisión superiores al 86% en todos los casos, siendo el modelo de bosques aleatorios el que presentó una mayor precisión.
Effects of vitamin C on glucose metabolism during acute Chagas disease
Authors: Castanheira Julia , Santos Renata Facina , Alvetti Letícia , Castanho Roberto , Rocha Junior Hamilton , Therezo Altino , Chagas Eduardo , Martins Luciamare Perinetti Alves
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroduction: Chagas disease is characterized by lesions caused by the host immune response, which can influence the glucose metabolism.Objective: To evaluate the action of vitamin C on glucose metabolism during the acute phase of Chagas disease.Methods: Sixty swiss mice were divided into four groups: NW, NC, IW, and IC. NW and NC groups were not infected, whereas IW and IC were intraperitoneally infected with 5.0 × 104 trypomastigotes of T. cruzi QM2 strain. IC and NC groups received 500 mg/day of vitamin C. All groups were treated for 60 days. Blood glucose and weight were measured individually and weekly. Five animals from each group were euthanized on day 15, 30, and 60 for blood and tissues collection.Results: Lower parasitemia (p≤0.05) in the IC group was noticed, but greater damage to the pancreatic tissue. In the 15 days post infection, lower glucose concentrations (p≤0.05) and insulin levels (p≤0.05) were observed in the IC and IW groups regarding NC and NW. The infected groups had decreased body mass 30 days post infection, with significant difference (p≤0.05) in the IW group on the sixtieth day. Significant difference (p≤0.05) for hepatic glycogen was found only on day 60, with a lower concentration in the NC group than the other groups.Conclusion: Vitamin C can control parasitemia, blood glucose and weight 30 days after infection, but a more intense inflammatory process has been observed at the end of acute phase. The use of vitamin C in Chagas disease may have physiological repercussions.
Uma visão cinesiológico-funcional sobre a dor sexual no puerpério: revisão
Authors: Mendes Ariana F. dos S. Bartolomey , Brunazzo Paula Ferrarezi , Silva Fernanda Morais , Monteiro Brenda Beatriz Silva , Carneiro Nunes Erica Feio , Latorre Gustavo Fernando Sutter
Published: February 2022

Introdução: Muitas mulheres acham comum possuírem dor durante relação sexual, principalmente no puerpério, não relatando isso ao ginecologista ou a um profissional da saúde, favorecendo a instalação de dor crônica, muito embora já exista tratamento e prevenção para a dor sexual feminina com fisioterapia pélvica. Objetivo: discutir a incidência e fatores de risco associados à dor sexual em puérperas, de um ponto de vista cinesiológico-funcional. Método: revisão eletrônica das bases de dados Lilacs, PubMed, PEdro e Scielo uti-lizando os descritores “sexual pain” e “puerperal”. Resultados: encontrados 657 artigos, sobrevivendo 50 aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. A prevalência de dor sexual foi de 30-50% em puérperas, está presente entre 6 e 12 meses pós-parto, é causada por consequências do puerpério e gera grande impacto na vida destas mulheres. Fatores de risco são a via de parto, amamentação e sequelas mecânicas especialmente do parto vaginal, instrumentalizado ou com laceração. Conclusão: A dor sexual pode estar presente desde a gestação e ser cronificada no puerpério. Sequelas funcionais são verificadas nestas mulheres, e podem ser tratadas e prevenidas por fisioterapia pélvica.
Aspectos clínicos e funcionais do paciente com mielomeningocele submetido à cirurgia intraútero
Authors: Werneck Marcela Soares , Gouvea Joyce Xavier Muzzi de , Lemes Ana Paula Pereira , Braga Douglas Martins
Published: February 2022

A mielomeningocele (MMC) desenvolve-se a partir do defeito do fechamento do tubo neural. Afeta os sistemas nervoso, músculo-esquelético, urogenital e intestinal, além de apresentar complicações como a hidrocefalia. Os problemas físicos associados incluem graus variados de déficits neurológicos e sensório-motores. O fechamento da lesão pode ser realizado durante o período pré-natal, por meio da cirurgia intraútero (CIU) ou pós-natal. A CIU tem sido empregada como forma de minimizar complicações neurológicas/ motoras, devido à menor exposição do tecido nervoso na gestação e no parto. O tratamento da MMC inclui a atuação multidisciplinar com enfoque no desempenho funcional, sendo que a fisioterapia se concentra na otimização do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, promovendo o máximo de independência funcional. Este trabalho teve como objetivo examinar o perfil dos pacientes com MMC submetidos à cirurgia de correção pré-natal e pós-natal com o intuito de analisar os aspectos clínicos e funcionais do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Foram analisados 143 prontuários de pacientes atendidos no período de março de 2013 a 2018, no setor de fisioterapia aquática da AACD Ibirapuera. Desses, 18 (12,6%) fizeram a CIU e 125 (87,4%) fizeram a cirurgia após o nascimento. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 13,1 meses. A média de semanas de gestação foi de 32,72 semanas para os pacientes que fizeram a CIU, evidenciando a prematuridade. Os dados obtidos não mostraram diferenças sobre as etapas do desenvolvimento motor dos pacientes que realizaram a CIU. Sugerimos novos estudos que possam fazer o acompanhamento das etapas do desenvolvimento por um prazo maior.
Atipias e lesões intraepiteliais cervicais: uma comparação entre pacientes da rede pública e privada de saúde
Authors: Portela de Lima Dyenifer , Wohlmeister Denise , Wiethölter Paula
Published: February 2022

O câncer do colo do útero (CCU) é considerado um grande problema de saúde pública atualmente, sendo a segunda neoplasia mais frequente entre as mulheres e está diretamente relacionado com a infecção pelo HPV. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de lesões intraepiteliais cervicais comparando rede pública e privada de saúde, e o perfil epidemiológico das pacientes diagnosticadas. Foram analisados 1.406 laudos, correspondendo a um período de quatro anos, o perfil epidemiológico e o grau das lesões e atipias diagnosticadas, foram avaliados conforme a procedência (rede pública e privada de saúde). Os dados foram tabulados no Software Microsoft Excel, para posterior análise estatística com o Software R versão 3.6.1. A faixa etária de maior prevalência foi de 26-35 anos de idade, e o diagnóstico observado com maior frequência foi de ASC-US (46,59%), seguido de LSIL (41,32%). A rede pública, em comparação com a rede privada, apresentou uma prevalência 6% maior de lesões de alto grau. Assim como, maior prevalência de HSIL em pacientes acima dos 75 anos de idade. O agente inflamatório mais frequente foi Gardnerella vaginalis, com 11,60% na rede pública e 6,10% na rede privada. Com base nos dados analisados, evidencia-se que a prevalência de lesões intraepiteliais cervicais é maior na rede pública em comparação com a rede privada, quando observadas as lesões de alto grau, aumentando o risco para o desenvolvimento do CCU.
Aspectos epidemiológicos de puérperas e neonatos de um Serviço de Parto Normal
Authors: Santos Carvalho Silas
Published: February 2022

Introdução: Importante compreender o perfil epidemiológico de puérperas e recém-nascidos, pois é possível obter dados que contribuem para o planejamento de estratégias e de ações para uma assistência qualificada a essa clientela. Objetivo: Conhecer os aspectos epidemiológicos das puérperas e dos neonatos atendidos em um Serviço de Parto Normal de um município da Bahia. Métodos: Estudo transversal quantitativo com 276 puérperas e 274 RN atendidos no Serviço de Parto Normal de um hospital do interior da Bahia. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio da análise do cartão de gestante, dos prontuários das puérperas e RN e demais registros do setor. Resultados: A maior parte das puérperas encontrava-se na faixa etária dos 17 aos 26 anos de idade (60,5%), eram casadas ou mantinham uma união estável (86,6%), primigestas (43,5%), 5,0% foram submetidas à episiotomia e 94,6% dos partos foram assistidos por enfermeiro obstétrico. A maioria dos recém-nascidos era a termo (88,4%), possuía perímetro cefálico entre 31,5 e 37 cm (91,3%) e teve índice de Apgar maior que7 e 8 no primeiro (96,0%) e no quinto (98,5%) minuto de vida, respectivamente e 4,8% nasceram com baixo peso. Conclusão: Os achados do estudo podem contribuir para o corpo de evidências em questão, pois elucidam semelhança com o perfil de puérperas apresentado na literatura.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO PROFISSIONAL DOCENTE E EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA NA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Silva Camila Lopes da , Santos David Moisés Barreto
Published: February 2022

O artigo apresenta síntese dos dados obtidos por meio de um estudo qualitativo, de natureza exploratória, com o objetivo de investigar o desenvolvimento docente no ensino remoto emergencial durante a pandemia de COVID-19, no segundo semestre de 2020, incluindo as condições de trabalho, aprendizagem da docência e saúde mental. Os participantes=364) são professores da educação básica de diversas partes do Brasil que atendem on-line. Os resultados apontam condições precárias no trabalho docente em meio a ausência/pouca experiência com o uso de tecnologia digital no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e formação de ensino-aprendizagem foram, em grande parte, insuficientemente, o que levou à busca de complementações por conta própria. A do professor saberes didáticos como o planejamento desse cenário e fundamentos para lidar com os cenários. A saúde mental tem um papel crucial no desenvolvimento profissional, demonstrando uma importância positiva com a vida além do sentido.
INTERCULTURALIDAD EN EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA EN PAÍSES LATINOAMERICANOS: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMATIZADA
Authors: Valera Ana Ysabel Paredes , Calla Wilfredo Humberto Carcausto
Published: February 2022

El interés por la concreción de la interculturalidad en la educación básica apunta en la dirección de transformar a la sociedad en una más justa, con igualdad de oportunidades y en la que se haya desterrado toda forma de discriminación. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar los estudios primarios sobre interculturalidad en la educación básica en países latinoamericanos a través de la identificación de sus características. Para lograrlo, se revisó y sistematizó las bases de datos Scopus, Scielo y Dialnet durante el período 2014-2021. Así, se obtuvieron resultados de la identificación de 1.503 estudios potenciales, los que, después de aplicarles filtros límites y criterios de elegibilidad, se redujeron a un total de 18; la mayor parte de las investigaciones incluyeron enfoques cualitativos (n=16; 89 %), y se realizaron en Brasil (n=5; 27,8 %) y en Chile (n=5; 27,8 %). La revisión permitió constatar que la interculturalidad en la educación básica en países latinoamericanos presenta avances significativos, por la existencia de estudios cualitativos que resaltan las categorías currículo intercultural, escuela y aula intercultural, diversidad cultural, agente intercultural y educación intercultural, y que contribuyen a la instauración de sociedades democráticas, con justicia social en contextos de diversidad.
Uso de baterías alcalinas agotadas para activar carbón de granza de arroz
Authors: Leiton Jose
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Utilizar desechos agroindustriales y baterías alcalinas agotadas como materia prima para producir carbón activado. Metodología: Como primer paso, granza de arroz fue calcinada por 6 horas a 300 °C en atmósfera de nitrógeno. Posteriormente fue activada a 600 °C por dos horas luego de ser inmersa en una disolución de ácido clorhídrico y cloruro de zinc [1,0 mol L-1]. El cloruro de zinc se obtuvo al tratar la pasta interna de baterías alcalinas agotadas con ácido clorhídrico [3,0 mol L-1]. En contraste, los activadores hidróxido de potasio, extraído de las baterías alcalinas agotadas, y el dióxido de carbono gaseoso no produjeron carbón activado bajo las mismas condiciones. Las fibras de la hoja de piña no produjeron carbón activado cuando fueron sujetas a las condiciones descritas anteriormente. Resultados:  Carbón activado de granza de arroz con una superficie de 315 m2 g-1 y rico en sílice amorfo. Conclusiones: Es posible convertir granza de arroz en carbón activado con la ayuda de cloruro de zinc obtenido de baterías alcalinas descartadas. El uso de dos desechos para producir carbón activado no está descrito en la literatura científica. Se requiere más ensayos para determinar las condiciones que producirán carbón activado con la mayor superficie.
Análisis de sentimientos sobre la percepción de los participantes de una feria virtual de emprendimiento durante el confinamiento
Authors: Chanchí Golondrino Gabriel Elías , Hernández Londoño Claudia Estella , Sierra Martínez Luz Marina
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo desarrollar un estudio de análisis de sentimiento y de texto, con el fin de evaluar la percepción de los asistentes a una feria virtual de emprendimiento, la cual fue diseñada y adaptada a la presencialidad remota con el apoyo de las TIC dentro del curso de “Emprendimiento Empresarial” del Programa de Ingeniería Química de la Universidad de Cartagena. Metodología: Para el desarrollo de este trabajo se definieron cuatro fases metodológicas a saber: diseño y organización de la feria, preparación y adecuación de los datos de las encuestas de percepción, análisis de texto y finalmente análisis de sentimientos sobre los resultados de las preguntas cualitativas. Resultados: El estudio de análisis de sentimientos mostró que las polaridades con mayor contribución por parte de los evaluadores y participantes fueron la neutral y la positiva, quienes resaltaron la creatividad en la organización y aprovechamiento de las TIC. Conclusiones: Se concluyó que la propuesta diseñada para el desarrollo de la feria virtual de emprendimiento tuvo un impacto positivo y puede ser considerado de referencia para su extrapolación en el desarrollo de diferentes eventos académicos durante la pandemia. Así mismo, se concluye que las técnicas de análisis de sentimientos pueden ser adecuadas para el análisis de cuestionarios de percepción en diferentes contextos de aplicación.
Study the Relationship of Earthquake and Ionosphere Using IRI TEC for Education
Authors: Phansori Nawaphon , Phukrongta Sirinil , Kriamthaisong Onuma , Kenpankho Prasert
Published: February 2022

This research is aimed to study and analyze the relationship between the earthquake events and the disturbance of ionosphere. The method is by using the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model to get Total Electron Content (TEC) values and then find the correlation on earthquake events and ionosphere. The result is to be correlated at 0.056, which shows the evidence of correlationon earthquake events and ionosphere. For the future work, we  will  study  the  significant  on  the  development of earthquake  warning  system. This  study  can  be  used  for educational purposes.
Real-Time Air Quality Index App: The Use of eWeather HDF App for Education in Monitoring of Pollutants and Meteorological Parameters in Nigeria
Authors: Abulude Francis Olawale , Oluwafemi Matthew Ojo , Arifalo Kikelomo Mabinuola , Elisha Jamok Jacob , Yusuf Abdulrasheed
Published: February 2022

The veracity of data derived from networks of low-cost measuring instruments is a rapidly increasing and contentious issue. For air quality monitoring, networks of low-cost devices, satellite modeling, and phone apps have risen to prominence. We used the eWeather HDF phone app to monitor the air quality (AQI, PM2.5, PM10, NO, NO2, CO, SO2, and meteorological parameters) of five Nigerian towns in this study. This app also can be used for education. The results show that the AQI of all towns is between 51 and 100. Except for Zaria, where the PM2.5 levels are about 16 percent higher, all of the locations' PM2.5 levels are within the World Health Organization (WHO) daily limit standard. Similarly, the PM10 level in the same town was nearly three times higher than the limit. NO2 (Akure Ilorin Ikere-Ekiti Zaria Ibadan), SO2 (Akure Ilorin Ikere-Ekiti Zaria Ibadan), CO (Zaria Akure Ilorin Ikere-Ekiti Zaria Ibadan), NO (Akure Ilorin Ikere-Ekiti Zaria Ibadan). Correlations with meteorological parameters are significant. Although the pollution levels in these towns are allowable, they may pose a risk to some individuals, especially those who are exceptionally sensitive to environmental changes.
Detail Experimental Procedure for the Construction Process of Robotic Devices to Teach Aspect of Auto Mechanic
Authors: Babalola Ebenezer Omolafe , Omolafe Eyiyemi Veronica
Published: February 2022

Construction involves the translation of a design into reality, this involves a systematic and conscientious process of bringing together or assembling diverse elements or parts to form a whole. Therefore, special care has to be taken during construction as the design intentions must be achieved. The construction of a robotic instructional model is a task that can be engaged by an expert in the area of Instructional Technology. It requires several practices and devotion to the principles and use of elements of design. Also, the appropriate use of relevant tools, equipment, and tools is indispensable. However, for an interested individual, skills for model construction can be acquired by first having an adequate observational view of the real objects to get familiar with the forms and features of the object. Robotic instructional devices can exhibit gestures and body movements so they could be used by the teacher to explain a concept. Robots can create an interactive and engaging learning experience. The important factors that influence whether the robot is likely to be useful in teaching include usability and the availability of appropriate learning activities and content. There is a need of implementing some content of the curriculum through robotic devices. In the light of this view, this study shows the detailed experimental procedure for the construction process of robotic devices to teach an aspect of Auto Mechanic in Nigerian basic schools.
fractura metabólica a la acumulación por desposesión: minería del litio, imperialismo ecológico y despojo hídrico en el noroeste argentino
Authors: Gómez Lende Sebastián
Published: February 2022

Con epicentro en los salares del llamado “Triángulo del Litio”, el litio es una materia prima clave para el capitalismo contemporáneo. Esencial para producir las baterías recargables necesarias para reestructurar la industria automotriz hacia los vehículos eléctricos y efectuar la transición energética desde los hidrocarburos hacia las fuentes renovables, la extracción de litio en salmueras es una actividad fuertemente hidro-intensiva llevada a cabo en zonas extremadamente áridas. Valiéndose de datos oficiales, bibliografía académica e informes corporativos y periodísticos, este artículo caracteriza el boom del litio en el noroeste argentino (provincias de Jujuy y Catamarca) y estudia el consumo hídrico de la actividad y los conflictos entre empresas y comunidades locales por el uso del agua. Los resultados muestran que la explotación de este mineral opera como un mecanismo de acumulación por desposesión e imperialismo ecológico que despoja a grupos sociales (aborígenes, sobre todo) del agua básica para la subsistencia.
Screening of Phytochemical Secondary Metabolites of Muntingia Calabura: a Potential as Hepatoprotector
Authors: Pratiwi Elasari Dwi , Dewi Niluh Puspita
Published: February 2022

Muntingia calabura is one of the plants employed to produce herbal-based treatments. Muntingia calabura leaves are traditionally used as an alternative medicine due to their secondary metabolites. The maceration method extracted Muntingia calabura leaves using 96% ethanol solvent for 3 x 24 hours. The fractionation process was carried out using a separating funnel method with different polarities, such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol-water. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used to confirm the phytochemical screening. TLC conditions under UV light 254 and 366 nm using solvents, such as chloroform: methanol (alkaloids), butanol: acetic acid: water (flavonoids), chloroform:methanol: water (saponins), and chloroform: methanol (phenolic). The phytochemical screening results of extracts and Muntingia calabura fractions contained secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenolics. TLC results showed that n-hexane fraction contained flavonoid and saponin compounds; ethyl acetate fraction contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and phenolic compounds; and ethanol-water fraction contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and phenolics. Muntingia calabura leaves indicated the potential as herbal medicine by containing secondary metabolites.
Pattern and causes of tooth extraction in patients reporting to GVPIHC and MT, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Alluru Deepika , Lingamallu Chandrasekhar , Andey Venkata Subhash , Venkumahanti Venkata Durga Prasad
Published: February 2022

Background: Teeth help us in masticatory function, phonetics and aesthetics. Loss of teeth may affect quality of life and has significant socioeconomic, psychological consequences. Its important to analyse the reasons and patterns of tooth loss to know their impact on the remaining dentition and oral health. Thus, the present study was designed to understand the pattern and causes of tooth extraction in a targeted population.

Methods: This retrospective study analysed 972 records of patients who underwent 1092 dental extractions in the department of dentistry at Gayatri Vidya Parishad Institute of Health Care and Medical Technology-Visakhapatnam from January 2021 to December 2021. Various aspects like the causes of extraction, type of teeth extracted, type of dentition involved and site of extraction were evaluated. The collected data was then tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis.  

Results: A total of 1092 extractions were evaluated and noticed only 7% cases involving primary dentition. Caries (65.8%) was the most common cause of dental extractions followed by periodontitis. Majority of extractions were noticed in maxillary posterior region. First molars (27.4%) were often extracted followed by second molars. Least number of extractions involved canine.

Conclusions: Dental caries and periodontitis were the most common causes of dental extraction. Most extractions involved secondary dentition. Maxillary and posterior regions had maximum number of extractions. First molars were commonly extracted followed by second molars. It is necessary to implement preventive dental care programs and improve the oral hygiene awareness in public.
A contribuição da infraestrutura ferroviária na formação das cidades do oeste paulista
Authors: Souza Andrews , Leite Carlos
Published: February 2022

A pesquisa explora a relação entre a ferrovia e a dinâmica urbana, investiga-se a gênese da implantação e seu processo de expansão regional. O estudo utiliza-se da análise empírica de leitura e interpretação de fontes documentais e cartográficas para explorar o processo de urbanização da região conhecida como Nova Alta Paulista (extremo oeste paulista), que surgiu ao longo da estrada de ferro da Companhia Paulista de Estradas de Ferro (CPEF), ramal do tronco oeste. Até que ponto a infraestrutura ferroviária atuou como elemento estruturante no desenvolvimento urbano dessas cidades. Portanto esta pesquisa tem como objetivo resgatar a formação regional dessas cidades a fim de compreender os seus aspectos morfológicos atuais. Assim, estudar o seu desenvolvimento urbano permite compreender sua relação e como eles interferem no fluxo da sociedade atual. O estudo utiliza-se da análise morfológica para explorar o processo de urbanização das cidades representantes das microrregiões da Nova Alta Paulista (Adamantina, Dracena e Tupã). O recorte da pesquisa reforça a importância do resgate histórico para evidenciar o impacto da infraestrutura regional na formação e no desenvolvimento das cidades.
Postural Discomfort and Musculoskeletal Disorders among the Agricultural Workers in Faizabad District
Authors: Mohini . , Kiran U.V. , Kumari Santoshi , Sharma Vishal
Published: February 2022

Background: Farming has been considered a physically demanding and associated with high risk occupation for musculoskeletal disorders. Agricultural workers have to adapt different postures while working in the fields, e.g. standing, bending, sitting, kneeling, raising hand, etc. They work for long duration in awkward postures, due to which they have to face a lot of postural discomforts. They go through a lot of physical hazards, and sometimes they have to face severe pain. Aim: The present study was conducted to find out the musculoskeletal disorders and postural discomfort among the agricultural workers while working in the fields. Materials and Methods: Present study was conducted on 150 agricultural workers. The sample was randomly selected in the Balramau area of Faizabad district. A self-structured interview schedule and the postural discomfort scale developed by Corlett and Bishop in (1976) were used for data collection. Result: The study revealed that maximum pain was felt in the upper back, upper arms, mid-back, lower arms, lower back, and buttocks. Female agricultural workers felt more pain as compared to male agricultural workers. Conclusion: Agricultural workers face lot of pain in different body parts. Proper training program and information about musculoskeletal disorders symptoms should be given to agricultural workers so that they can get help in identifying the symptoms. Training programmers to agricultural workers in adopting right postures to minimise the stress also need to be conducted. 
Predictive Creditworthiness Modeling in Energy-Saving Finance: Machine Learning Logit and Neural Network
Authors: Herlan  , Sudarmaji Eka , Yatim M Rubiul
Published: February 2022

Customer's creditworthiness was becoming more crucial for ESCO. Machine learning was used to predict the creditworthiness of clients in retrofit financing processes. Machine learning was used to predict the creditworthiness of clients in ESCO financing processes. This research aimed to develop a retrofitting scoring model to leverage a machine learning and life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) to evaluate alternative financing for Energy Efficiency Saving in Indonesia. The model was built on the Logistic Regression model and Artificial Neural Networks model of machine learning. The model was developed and tested using the Python algorithm, and the proposed model's efficiency was demonstrated. The logistic regression calculations showed that the accuracy value of prediction data with test data was 88.3562 % and 87.67% for Artificial Neural Networks and Logistic Regression models. The prediction rate result that refers to the correct predictions among all test data for Artificial Neural Networks and Logistic Regression model was 92.20% and 91.98%, respectively. Meanwhile, the percentage of customers who were correct to all customers predicted to default was 94.41% for Artificial Neural Networks and 93.81% for the Logistic Regression model. Credit models were helpful to evaluate the risk of consumer loans. Finally, the quality and performance of these models were evaluated and compared to identify the best one. The logistic regression and neural network models obtained were good and very similar, although the neural network was slightly better.
Teachers’ Feedback and Trainees’ Confidence: Do They Match?
Authors: Haro Soler María del Mar
Published: February 2022

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, traditional face-to-face learning was suddenly replaced by online learning in universities all over the world. This sudden switch posed a wide variety of challenges to teachers and students. This paper focuses on one teaching practice, teachers’ feedback, and on a students’ form of self-perception, self-efficacy beliefs, both inherent to the teaching-learning process, whether it occurs in the classroom or a virtual environment. An action-research mixed-method study was performed to analyze how teachers’ feedback can impact translation students’ self-efficacy beliefs in three educational modes: face-to-face lessons, blended learning and online learning. This study was performed in two phases. Firstly, a quasi-experimental field study was performed before the outbreak of the pandemic in three groups of the same course: one offered traditional classes, whereas the other two included blended learning. Following the essence of action-research, the results of this first phase were implemented in an online translation course during the pandemic. After comparing and contrasting the results obtained in these two phases, we can conclude that indirect, elaborate and dialogic feedback fostered the students’ self-efficacy beliefs, irrespective of the educational mode.
Long-COVID and the Autonomic Nervous System: The journey from Dysautonomia to Therapeutic Neuro-Modulation, Analysis of 152 Patient Retrospectives
Authors: Colombo J
Published: February 2022

The severity and prevalence Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequela (PACS) or Long-COVID Syndrome (Long- COVID) should not be a surprise. All Long-COVID symptoms may be explained by Oxidative Stress and Parasympathetic and Sympathetic (P&S) dysfunction. This is a retrospective, hypothesis generating, outcomes study.
Factors associated with sustainability of agripreneurship interest among graduate youth in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Alabi Dorcas Lola , Aribifo Damilola Leah , Famakinwa Michael
Published: February 2022

The paper examined factors associated with sustainability of agripreneurship interest of graduate youth in Southwestern Nigeria. It specifically described the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents; identified their agripreneurship activities of interest and identified factors associated with their interest. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 185 respondents from the selected the Local Government Areas in Southwestern States, quantitative and qualitative data were collected using semi structured questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tool such as frequency counts, percentages, means and standard deviation while factor analysis was used to isolate crucial factors associated with sustainability of agripreneurship interest of serving graduate youth in the study areas. Results showed that respondents had a mean age of 26.18 ± 2.74 years and majority (75.7%) were not graduates of agriculture. The agricultural enterprises of interest to the respondents were poultry farming (67.6%)’ fish farming (56.5%) and snail farming (50.9%). Crucial factors found to influence sustainability of graduate youth’s interest in agripreneurship were motivational, parental influence, community asset and institutional factors among other. The study concluded that these identified factors were germane to the sustainability of graduate youth’s interest in agripreneurship in Southwestern Nigeria.
Board diversity and firm value; mediating effect of CSR of listed oil firms in Nigeria
Authors: Chondough Stephanie M.
Published: February 2022

In this empirical study, the mediating effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the nexus between corporate value and board diversity is investigated. However, hypotheses developed for this study were tested with annualized panel dataset of eight (8) Nigerian listed oil and gas firms in the upstream sector spanning 2012 to 2019. Stakeholder theory was used to underpin the study. The study employed three indicators for board diversity (board professionalism, board nationality and board gender), Tobin’s Q and amount spent on CSR. The panel regression results show that looking at the indirect effect in Model One; board diversity has no significant effect on firm value. However, empirical findings indicated that CSR exerts a significant and positive relationship with corporate value. Considering Model Two, the results show that CSR plays a pertinent role in establishing the nexus between corporate value and board diversity, this finding is congruent with stakeholder theory. The study recommends that environmental sensitive firms should maintain an appropriate and balance diverse board as it plays a pertinent and significant role in establishing the nexus between stakeholder relationship and the firms, which can also serve as a mechanism to mitigate manager's opportunistic tendencies behind CSR investment.

JEL code: L95, M14, M41
Accessible Sanitation in the Workplace – Important Considerations for Disability-Inclusive Employment in Nigeria and Bangladesh
Authors: Thompson, Stephen Thompson, Stephen , Adekoya Rasak , Mallick Utpal , Adaji Omojo , Rakib Abdur , Carew Mark
Published: February 2022

This paper explores the relationship between accessible sanitation and disability-inclusive employment in Bangladesh and Nigeria. Both countries have sanitation and hygiene challenges as well as disability-inclusive employment challenges, but the existing evidence on the intersection of these issues that is focused on Nigeria and Bangladesh is extremely limited. Building on the literature where this complex issue is addressed, this paper presents the findings of a qualitative pilot study undertaken in Nigeria and Bangladesh. It focuses on the need for toilets at work that are easy for people with disabilities to use in poor countries. These are sometimes called accessible toilets. Accessible sanitation is not regarded as a challenge that must be addressed by people with disabilities themselves, but as a challenge that must be addressed by many people working together – including governments, employers, and the community.