bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive approach to perception of law in the context of doctrinal views
Authors: Shutak Ilya D. , Onyshchuk Ihor I.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study is a theoretical and legal analysis of the compressive approach to the perception of the law in the context of doctrinal views, its substantiation and comparison with the comprehend theory. The originality of the study lies in the substantiation of the theory of the comprehensive approach, which consists in a strictly objective, real, non-idealised, deideologised cognition of the law. New ideas related to the perception of law through an objective and comprehensive assessment and monitoring are proposed. The similarities and differences between the comprehensive approach and the comprehend theory are clarified. The approach is a kind of tool for the development of theory. As a result of the analysis of doctrinal views on the comprehensive approach to the perception of law and the generalisation of different positions, the definition of the studied concept is developed. Conclusions: the methodological value of the comprehensive approach as a kind of tool for the development of the theory lies in the objective, real, non-idealised, and deideologised cognition of the law. Therewith, it is inadmissible to recognise the prevalence of a certain concept or theory. The construction of law in the way of combining the integrated theory of law and the theory of natural and positive law is incomplete and incorrect. Since law is not limited to these two theories. Thus, this perception of law is one-sided and biased. Arguments are given regarding the practical value of the comprehensive approach in legal technique when the assessment of the law is conducted depending on the completeness of its implementation and in achieving legal certainty. The more objectively the law, the quality and effectiveness of its rules are assessed, the faster it is perceived (recognised). It is advisable to comprehend the law with the assessment of its negative features
CELEBRATING THE 55TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT: EDITOR’S INTRODUCTION
Authors: Kaklauskas Artūras , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Ubartė Ieva
Published: January 2022

Celebrating the 55th anniversary of the Journal of Civil Engineering and Management: editor’s introduction. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 28(1), 1–5.
Mathematical Modeling of the Pandemic Peak
Authors: Cherkunova Nadezhda
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND:  The article examines the history and statistics of the pandemic spread.
AIM: The study aimed to  develop a mathematical model reflecting the time dependence of the parameters characterizing the spread of the pandemic.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Differential equations were used to study the spread of the pandemic.
RESULTS:  The case, where the coefficients of morbidity and recovery are different is considered. The patterns of change in the number of people susceptible to the disease and the number of infectious patients are revealed as a function of time. Using the developed model, the peak of the pandemic is found, i.e., the time at which the number of infectious patients will be the maximum.
Factors Related to the Utilization of the Integrated Development Posts of Non-Communicable Diseases (POSBINDU PTM) in Bulili Health Centre Area
Authors: Untad Vidyanto , Napirah Muhammad Ryman , Pongsapan Novitayanti
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) are a chronic disease that causes many deaths globally, which is under serious attention by putting in NCD as one target of the Sustainable Development Goals of 2030. An effort in overcoming NCD in Indonesia is through the Integrated Development Post of NCDs (POSBINDU-PTM). Based on a preliminary study at the Bulili Health Center (PUSKESMAS Bulili), it was found that there was a lack of utilization of POSBINDU-PTM such as less role of cadres, lack of health counseling, lack of coordination between cadres and health center (PUSKESMAS) officers, lack of commitment from health center as a coaching team, lack of cross-sector collaboration with POSBINDU programs, and the community not being motivated to be cadres.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the factors related to the utilization of POSBINDU-PTM in the working area of the Bulili Health Center, Palu City.

METHOD: It was quantitative research with an analytical survey design using a cross-sectional design. The sample was all people in the South Birobuli and Petobo villages of 100 people. The data collected are the characteristics of respondents, and knowledge, access to POSBINDU-PTM, facilities and infrastructure, health cadres support, health officer support, and family support toward the utilization of POSBINDU-PTM. Data analysis with the Chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05.

RESULTS: The results of this study indicated a relationship between knowledge (p = 0.005), access (p = 0.000), facilities and Infrastructure (p = 0.000), health cadre support (p = 0.000), health center officer support (p = 0.000), and family support (p = 0.000) by utilizing POSBINDU-PTM under the work area of the Bulili Health Center, Palu City.

CONCLUSION: The utilization of POSBINDU-PTM is still very low only 22%. All factors in this study (knowledge, Access, Facilities and Infrastructure, Health Cadre Support, Health Center Officer Support, and Family Support) have a significant correlation to Utilizing POSBINDU-PTM.
Understanding the Occupational Burnout Experience of Medical Specialists at the Time of Education and Career Launch: A Case Study of the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Students and Residents of the Alekseev Psychiatric Hospital N1
Authors: Avagimyan Anzhela , Kasimovskaya Nataliya , Naryzhenko Olga , Diatlova Ekaterina , Adzhimuradova Raisat , Nikishina Nadezhda
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Occupational burnout in the most general terms is seen as a long-lasting stressful situation resulting from continuing occupational stress of moderate intensity. AIM: The objective of this article is to provide analysis of occupational burnout in psychiatrists and nurses of psychiatric hospitals, and the development of occupational burnout in students and residents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The level of occupational burnout was determined using the “Attitude to work and occupational burnout” test, Seashore Group Cohesion Index, Stolin’s Self-Concept Questionnaire, and the Freiburg Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (Freiburg Personality Inventory). The study proved the existence of patterns of occupational burnout in psychiatrists and nurses of psychiatric hospitals, as well as in students and residents. RESULTS: It has been revealed that the development of the burnout syndrome is influenced by personal qualities of psychiatrists and nurses (residents and students), and the managerial features of their activities, and that occupational burnout develops in psychiatrists and nurses over the course of their professional careers, but starts to emerge during their education. The score of the Integrative Burnout Index ranges from 48.99 in students of the [BLINDED] University to 23.52 in psychiatrists of the Alekseev Psychiatric Hospital N1. Occupational burnout syndrome is spread in medical students worldwide, with its level higher than in the overall population, in students of other specialties. CONCLUSIONS: Burnout at the stage of getting the education can hinder the professional development of students, expose patients to risk, and promote the development of various personality problems in future psychiatrists and nurses. The need of preventing professional burnout at the stage of obtaining a specialty has been substantiated.
Differences in Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women through Multi-Micronutrient Supplements and Iron Tablets
Authors: Sakung Jamaludin , Tosae Dewi , Gunarmi Gunarmi , Arundhana Andi Imam
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: A high incidence of anemia, particularly severe anemia, among pregnant women has been a major cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Multi-micronutrient supplement (MMS) has been beneficial for health outcomes.

AIM: The study was aimed to examine the effect of MMS compared to iron-folic acid supplement (IFA) on hemoglobin (Hb) levels among pregnant women.

METHODS: The study was a quasi-experiment with a three-group pre-post-test design, namely, IFA group, MMS group, and MMS + IFA group. A total of 120 participants enrolled were divided equally in each group. The statistical analysis performed was paired t-test and one-way ANOVA using SPSS.

RESULTS: The study result shows that there was a significant difference in the Hb levels of pregnant women after the intervention in all groups (p < 0.001). The highest increase in Hb levels was in the IFA + MMS combining group by 1.1 g/dL of Hb followed by MMS and IFA (0.8 ± 0.37 and 0.4 ± 0.31, respectively).

CONCLUSION: The combination of Fe and MMS groups could increase Hb levels compared to IFA. Thus, replacing IFA with MMS is reasonably in preventing anemia among pregnant women.
Prediction and Control Model of Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Instant Noodle Company in Makassar 2020–2050
Authors: Ariyanto Januar , Palutturi Sukri , Russeng Syamsiar S. , Birawida Agus Bintara , Denny Hanifa , Daud Anwar , Arsin Arsunan , Wahyu Atjo
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: There are many risk factors that result in musculoskeletal disorders because of work. This also occurs in the instant food industry, where apart from manual load handling and repetitive work, the production process can also results in risks.

AIM: The aims of this study are to predict the musculoskeletal disorders in the next 50 years and the effectiveness of scenarios for controlling musculoskeletal disorders.

METHODS: This study employed Research and Development method through a dynamics system approach. This research was conducted in one of the industries that produce instant food in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The data obtained was based on interviews, which were further analyzed using Interpretative Structural Modeling.

RESULTS: Based on the simulation results for 30 years, it was found that there was an increase in the average musculoskeletal disorder incidence by 20.63% per year. At the end of the simulation in 2050, the number of musculoskeletal disorder incidents became 48481.69. In this case, the simulation for 30 years (2020–2050) was conducted on a model of controlling occupational diseases at an instant noodle company in Makassar by providing treatment in the form of reducing risk factors that cause musculoskeletal disorders. Based on the simulation results for 30 years (2020–2050), musculoskeletal disorders have the most significant contribution to the increase of occupational diseases incidents as a whole. The increase in musculoskeletal disorders is an accumulation of several risk factors that exist in the instant noodle production process.

CONCLUSIONS: Prediction of the musculoskeletal disorder incidence using a dynamic system approach for 30 years (2020–2050) has increased by an average of 20.63% per year. The behavior of the model after receiving treatment on the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders has an average decrease in the average incidence of 51.11% per year. In this case, to control the musculoskeletal disorder incidence, the elements or variables controlled simultaneously are work posture, lifting load, and length of work.
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy for Mothers at the Bulili Health Center, City Palu, Indonesia
Authors: Hemiyanty Hemiyanty , Wandira Bertin Ayu , Suwendro Novi Inriyanny
Published: January 2022

Background: Breastfeeding plays an important role in building the relationship between mother and baby, also the baby's growth and development. Improving the mother's self-confidence during breastfeeding is a key to the success of breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of the Bulili Health Center is still low, about 37.17%. Breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) is a mother's self-confidence in her ability to breastfeed her baby. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the factors related to breastfeeding self-efficacy in the working area of the Bulili Public Health Center, Palu City. Method: This research design was quantitative with a cross-sectional design, involving 82 mothers who have babies aged 6-12 months in the working area of the Bulili Health Center. The instrument used in this study was a Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form questionnaire containing demographic data, breastfeeding experience data, observations of others, verbal persuasion, physical and emotional conditions. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Fisher's Exact Test with a significant level of p <0.05. Results: The sample with good breastfeeding experience was 62.9%, those who got the experience of others in the good category were 61.0%, those samples with verbal persuasion were in a good category of 75.6%. All samples (100%) were in good physiological and emotional condition. Breastfeeding Self-efficacy with a good category was 90.2%. The statistical test showed that the respondent's breastfeeding experience, other people's experiences, and verbal persuasion did not significantly correlate with Breastfeeding Self-efficacy with a p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Breastfeeding experience factors, experiences of other people, physiological and emotional conditions, and verbal persuasion did not significantly relate to the breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) of mothers and babies in the Bulili Health Center Work Area, Palu City.
Antibody profiling reveals gender differences in response to SARS-COVID-2 infection
Authors: Tsverava Lia ,   Institute of Chemical Biology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Chitadze Nazibrola , Chanturia Gvantsa , Kekelidze Merab , Dzneladze David , Imnadze Paata , Gamkrelidze Amiran , Lagani Vincenzo , Khuchua Zaza , Solomonia Revaz ,   I.Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia,   National Center for Disease Control, Tbilisi, Georgia,   Sechenov University, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, Russia,   Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
Published: January 2022

The recent emergence of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic and public health crisis. Detailed study of human immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is the important topic for a successful treatment of this disease. Our study was aimed to characterize immune response on the level of antibody profiling in convalescent plasma of patients in Georgia. Antibodies against the following SARS-CoV-2 proteins were studied: nucleocapsid and various regions of spike (S) protein: S1, S2 and receptor binding domain (RBD). Convalescent plasma of patients 6–8 weeks after initial confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection were tested. Nearly 80% out of 162 patients studied showed presence of antibodies against nucleocapsid protein. The antibody response to three fragments of S protein was significantly less and varied in the range of 20–30%. Significantly more females as compared to males were producing antibodies against S1 fragment, whereas the difference between genders by the antibodies against nucleocapsid protein and RBD was statistically significant only by one-tailed Fisher exact test. There were no differences between the males and females by antibodies against S2 fragment. Thus, immune response against some viral antigens is stronger in females and we suggest that it could be one of the factors of less female fatality after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
On slip of a viscous fluid through proximal renal tubule with linear reabsorption
Authors: Siddiqui Abdul M. ,   Pennsylvania State University, 1031 Edgecomb Ave, York, PA 17403, USA, Gawo Getinet A. , Maqbool Khadija ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
Published: January 2022

The hydrodynamical problem of flow in proximal renal tubule is investigated. Axisymmetric flow of viscous, incompressible fluid through the proximal renal tubule that undergoes linear reabsorption with slip at the wall is considered. The stream function is used to transform the governing equations to system of ordinary differential equations. The analytical solutions for velocity components, pressure distribution, fractional reabsorption and the shear stress are found. The effect of slip parameter and reabsorption rate on the flow have been investigated. The points of extreme values for the axial and radial velocity components are identified. The solution is applied to physiological data from human and rat kidney, and the results are presented in tables and graphs.
Universal enveloping Hom-algebras of regular Hom-Poisson algebras
Authors: Hu Xianguo ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we introduce universal enveloping Hom-algebras of Hom-Poisson algebras. Some properties of universal enveloping Hom-algebras of regular Hom-Poisson algebras are discussed. Furthermore, in the involutive case, it is proved that the category of involutive Hom-Poisson modules over an involutive Hom-Poisson algebra $ A $ is equivalent to the category of involutive Hom-associative modules over its universal enveloping Hom-algebra $ U_{eh}(A) $.
Existence, uniqueness and travelling waves to model an invasive specie interaction with heterogeneous reaction and non-linear diffusion
Authors: Díaz José L. ,   Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda Km 1,800, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
Published: January 2022

It is the objective to provide a mathematical treatment of a model to predict the behaviour of an invasive specie proliferating in a domain, but with a certain hostile zone. The behaviour of the invasive is modelled in the frame of a non-linear diffusion (of Porous Medium type) equation with non-Lipschitz and heterogeneous reaction. First of all, the paper examines the existence and uniqueness of solutions together with a comparison principle. Once the regularity principles are shown, the solutions are studied within the Travelling Waves (TW) domain together with stability analysis in the frame of the Geometric Perturbation Theory (GPT). As a remarkable finding, the obtained TW profile follows a potential law in the stable connection that converges to the stationary solution. Such potential law suggests that the pressure induced by the invasive over the hostile area increases over time. Nonetheless, the finite speed, induced by the non-linear diffusion, slows down a possible violent invasion.
On the 1-error linear complexity of two-prime generator
Authors: Yan Tongjiang ,   College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China, Ainiwaer Pazilaiti , Du Lianbo
Published: January 2022

Jing et al. dealed with all possible Whiteman generalized cyclotomic binary sequences $ s(a, b, c) $ with period $ N = pq $, where $ (a, b, c) \in \{0, 1\}^3 $ and $ p, q $ are distinct odd primes (Jing et al. arXiv:2105.10947v1, 2021). They have determined the autocorrelation distribution and the 2-adic complexity of these sequences in a unified way by using group ring language and a version of quadratic Gauss sums. In this paper, we determine the linear complexity and the 1-error linear complexity of $ s(a, b, c) $ in details by using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The results indicate that the linear complexity of $ s(a, b, c) $ is large enough and stable in most cases.
Fathers on Leave: Experiences of Middle-Class Fathers on Parental Leave in the City of Zagreb
Authors: Varga Mirna
Published: January 2022

Parental leave reforms that aimed at higher father’s involvement in childcare began in the 1970s. However, the number of fathers who took parental leave increased only in the 1990s when Scandinavian countries began introducing father’s quotas or paternity leaves, that is, earmarked leave periods to be used by fathers or otherwise lost. Croatia introduced the two-month father’s quota as late as in 2013. Although the reform did not contribute to a sudden increase in the number of fathers on parental leave, there is always a steady, albeit small, number of fathers taking up leave. This article aims to provide an insight into fathers’ experiences on parental leave in Croatia. Relying on interviews with 11 middle-class fathers in the City of Zagreb, the article explores father’s motives for taking leave, their experience regarding the initial decision and the procedure of exercising their right to leave and their experience of being on leave. Results suggest that the fathers were very eager to use their right to leave and spend time with their children. They mostly used longer leaves (more than 3 months) and the experience of being home alone with the child made the fathers learn new skills in relation to childcare and housework, but also rethink their relation to work and family. Key words: parental leave policy, parental leave, father’s quotas, fathers’ experiences, Croatia
Dramatic Premise and Human Purpose
Authors: Schafer Stephen Brock
Published: January 2022

Carl Jung's therapy is based on the dramatic structure of dreams, and current neurobiology and semantics confirms that drama—as defined by Plato—is the electromagnetic (EM) pattern of human reality. Therefore, fractal universal structure may be perceived in everything—“as above, so below”—and First Cause morality and intention can be correlated with contextual human purpose. Dramatic premise is a common denominator that integrates all of the dramatic components (plot, character, exposition, and lysis). First Cause Intention trickles down to personal harmony of purpose, but FC morality has always been problematic for humans. What part does evil play in the drama of human-cultural morality? Due to the significant difference of scale, human “contextuality” must be factored into the equation for moral behavior. Today's artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for media technology can be used to foster authentic FC “coherent entrainment” according to Carl Jung's ratio between archetypes of the unconscious and their relatively conscious projections as archetypal representations (AR).
The Cognitive-Sentient Exploration of Mediated Reality
Authors: Gaiseanu Florin
Published: January 2022

This chapter described the intimate processes of the informational system of the human body and cells and their effect on the mind in order to understand how information is received/operated and integrated in the genetic structure of the organism by epigenetic mechanisms. Individual education/learning are the basic processes allowing the knowledge/judgement of mediated reality, and for the formation of decision criteria, beliefs, and mentality. The contributive role of media in education/behavior is highlighted, revealing the positive/negative effects of the persuasive messages in interaction with individual/collective beliefs and mentality. The inoculation techniques applied in various fields of media are discussed from the informational perspective, emphasizing the implication of the cognitive centers on such processes. Big data analysis and predictive conclusions on the social effects are used nowadays as feedback support, helping the optimization of the relation between audience and media products.
Transreal Numbers and Sentient Logic
Authors: Gomide Walter
Published: January 2022

This chapter introduces the basic concepts of Total Semantics based on transreal numbers, a new field of mathematics in which division of zero is allowed. In the logic created from the transreals, it is possible to evaluate non-propositional objects such as sensations or feelings as having truth value. By covering all semantical possibility, transreal semantics enables a “poetical discourse” based on images and an immediate intuition of reality, an intuition that is both sensory and mental. This describes, and defines, a new type of epistemic operation—a sentient one—and leads to the possibility of developing a formal epistemic logic that assesses how we obtain or acquire knowledge from the perspective of sentient agents.
Does the Algorithm Heal a Company Organization?
Authors: Luca Martini
Published: January 2022

Web-based systems have entered the school and business environment widely and globally. Simultaneously, instant connections such as those enabled by twitter in everyday life have bled into the workplace, calling for a relational multimedia platform with a universal interface to facilitate knowledge flows, with cross-pollination in terms of “knowing that,” “knowing how,” and “knowing why.” The use of PEGs is interwoven throughout the processes related to the introduction of relational multimedia platforms into organizations—pre-implementation, during implementation, during on-job training, and in the process of work itself—helping develop the coherence necessary for successful and sustainable business.
Physicochemical Parameters and Suitability for Irrigation of Groundwater Resources from Biskra Area (Southeastern Algeria)
Authors: Bouchemal Fattoum , Achour Samia
Published: January 2022

This study is part of the more general framework for diagnosis of the quality of water resources in the Biskra area and its suitability for irrigation. This work reports the results of an analysis of physicochemical groundwater quality. Groundwater samples were collected from 12 boreholes in different aquifers exploited in the area, and used for drinking and domestic purposes. The results showed that the water of the limestone aquifer (Maastrichtian) is better than other aquifers (phreatic, Miopliocene, Lower Eocene). This affects more particularly the pH, conductivity (mineralization), total hardness, and concentration of the major elements. As far as the same aquifers (phreatic, Miopliocene, Lower Eocene), present water which classified mediocre highly mineralized for irrigation because EC > 2250 μS/cm (class 4). The Maastrichtian aquifer presents a poor water quality (class 3), according to the Riverside classification.
Life Cycle Analysis of the Raseta Pump Using OpenLCA
Authors: Rajaonison Andriamahefasoa , Rakotondramiarana Hery Tiana
Published: January 2022

Developed and crafted in Madagascar, the Raseta pump is a novel hydraulic ram (hydram) pump using a springs system. It operates differently from other pumps by the exclusive use of water energy due to the water hammer phenomenon induced by the sudden stop of the water flow. The present study initiates the investigation of the environmental impacts of this new type of hydram pump through a life cycle analysis using OpenLCA 1.8. It was found that, when operating in a small-scale water pumping system, the choice of the pump supply pipe material has small differences of environmental impacts, whether the material is made of steel or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Moreover, compared to a solar pump for the same pumping flow rate, the use of the Raseta pump is more environmentally friendly and less harmful to human health. However, the actual advantageous utilization of such a system needs further studies such as social and techno-economic analysis.
Identifying Contractors’ Planned Quality Time in Egyptian Irrigation Projects
Authors: Abdel-Hamid Mohamed , Mohamed Hanaa
Published: January 2022

During an extremely competitive infrastructure sector such as irrigation projects, quality time (QT) must be determined to can recognize probable quality crisis parts and to direct mind on schedule enhancement chances. The consciousness of planners on the significance of QT could be reflected in their project schedule. This study appears a measurement of planned QT in five infrastructure irrigation projects performed by different five contractors in Egypt. The aim is to aid the contractors to develop their QT preparation and thus enhance their project time based on the results. QT is fundamental classified into two classes: conformance time (CT), and nonconformance time (NCT). Based on many studies, a register of quality proceedings that would be enclosed in every QT groups are then generated. The QT records for every group are recognized and gathered via questions and questionnaire designs. QT is calculated as a proportion of the project duration. It is uncovered that while enormous companies previously have clear information on QT in construction sector, these times are not scheduled in a defined method during a study of regular QT details. During time classification it is also appeared that greater conformance time (CT) lead to lesser nonconformance time (NCT). It is then ended that a lot of effort is still to be made by the contractors to establish a QT documenting procedure which be able to act as a base for their project enhancement planning.
An Artificial - Intelligent - Based System to Automate the Design of Complex Mechanical Products
Authors: Abadi Chaimae , Manssouri Imad , Abadi Asmae
Published: January 2022

Over the last decades, there has been growing pressure on industrial companies to offer to their costumers products with high quality, in the minimum deadlines and with reasonable prices. Since the design phase plays a key role to achieve these difficult goals, many traditional, DFX (Design For X) and integrated approaches have been proposed. However, many limits are still present. Thus, the main objectives of this work were first to identify these limits and then to overcome them by proposing and developing an automated framework for integrated product design. In this work, we automated the integrated DFMMA (Design For Materials, Manufacturing and Assembly) approach by developing an architecture composed of four levels, namely: the Common Information Modeling Level, the Selection Systems Level, the Inference and Computation Level and finally the Application Level. The proposed automated system is based on ontologies, on the CBR (Cases Based Reasoning) and the RBR (Rules Based Reasoning). The first main result obtained throughout the contributions consists on the integration of Manufacturing process selection, Assembly solution selection and materials selection in one integrated design approach. The second main result obtained consists on the exploitation of all the previous design studies developed by the design team and the ability to reuse the designers experience throughout the case based reasoning used in the proposed architecture. Another important result consists on the formalization and the automation of the execution of the design rules and the ability to infer new results and to check inconsistencies in the developed product using the data and information modeled in the ontological model and throughout the Cases Based Reasoning that we have incorporated in the developed approach. In this way, the redundancy in work and the difficulties faced in case of having a high number of design alternatives are avoided. Consequently, the product quality increases and wastes of time and money decrease. Finally, to validate the functioning and the efficacy of the proposed DFMMA system, an application on the design of a complex mechanical product is developed in the end of the work.
Mathematical Modeling of the Process of Reduction of the Material Consumption of Gas Transmission System Elements
Authors: Pirumyan Narine , Stakyan Mihran , Khazaryan Hmayk Ashot
Published: January 2022

The new method for a comprehensive assessment of the strength, durability and material capacity of the critical elements of the main gas pipelines, taking into account the combined impact of factors causing damage (environment, corrosion, random loading, geometry variation, material defects, etc.), which are changing the bearing capacity and material capacity of these structures, is proposed. As the main damaging factor, the process of corrosion fatigue is accepted, the qualitative and quantitative assessment of which are realized by applying a set of equations of comparable fatigue lines obtained by fatigue tests carried out in air and in corrosive environment. By the joint solution of these equations, the functions of the corrosion action coefficients are obtained in a wide range of cyclic strength and durability, which in standard calculation procedures are performed only for cyclic strength and only at the inflection point of the fatigue lines (NG 5  106 cycles).The issues of reducing the material consumption and ensuring the cost-effectiveness of structures, by using relatively cheap materials for pipelines - low-carbon and low-alloy structural steels subjected to surface hardening in stressed sections of pipes (edge welds) in order to significantly increase the physical and mechanical characteristics of the used steel grades are considered. In order to increase the corrosion resistance of these sections, contemporary polymer anticorrosive coatings are used.
Development of Dry Sand-Lime New Multicomponent Mortars into the Historical Cultural Monuments Applied on Local Raw Basis
Authors: Qaramyan Hasmik
Published: January 2022

The visual and instrumental research of the technical condition of historical cultural constructions and their stone additions, documentation of their existing damages, as well as complex development and implementation of further collapse preventing measures and construction durability ensuring measures are presented. Application of processed sand-lime complex mortars based on local raw is offered for blockage of composition cracks during the rehabilitation work taking into consideration some averaged indices of Mape Antique I, Italian “Mapey” firm, similar injection mortar orientation basic characteristics (physical and mechanical characteristics, leakage, viability) and complete laboratory detailed examination results of the component mineralogical and physical and mechanical characteristics of the substances originally used in the construction. The data on local based raw processed sand-lime construction complex mortars (blockage mortar, injection mortar) physical and mechanical characteristics, thermographic dilatometric properties dependence on composition and fastening conditions of mortars are presented
Strength of Normal and Inclined Sections of Bent Reinforced Concrete Elements with Zone Reinforcement Made of Steel Fiber
Authors: Utkin Dmitry
Published: January 2022

On the basis of theoretical and experimental studies, the prerequisites and the method of calculation of bent and compressed-curved reinforced concrete structures with zone reinforcement made of steel fiber, working under static and short-term dynamic loads, are formulated. In the developed method for calculating the strength of normal and inclined sections, a nonlinear deformation model is implemented, which is based on the actual deformation diagrams of materials. The developed calculation method is brought to the program of calculation of reinforced concrete structures with zone reinforcement of steel fiber under short-term dynamic loading, taking into account the inelastic properties of materials. The numerical studies made it possible to determine the influence of various parameters of steel-fiber reinforcement on the strength of reinforced concrete elements. To confirm the main results of the developed calculation method, experimental studies of reinforced concrete beam structures reinforced with conventional reinforcement and a zone steel-fiber layer are planned and carried out. Experimental studies were carried out under static and short-term dynamic loads. As a result of the conducted experiments, data were obtained that characterize the process of destruction, deformation and cracking of steel-reinforced concrete elements under such types of loading. The dependences of changes in the energy intensity of reinforced concrete structures with zone reinforcement made of steel fiber in the compressed and stretched cross-section zones under dynamic loading are obtained. The effectiveness of the use of fiber reinforcement of normal and inclined sections of bent and compressed-curved elements to improve the strength and deformative.
Investigation of the Stress-Strain State of a Steel Column Base Connection for Seismic Regions
Authors: Dadayan Tigran , Karapetyan Lusine
Published: January 2022

Currently, the main type of connection between a steel column and a reinforced concrete foundation is a steel base, which is often economically unprofitable due to its size, number or diameter of anchor bolts. Not only in Armenia, but also in most countries, a steel base is the main type of connection between a steel column and a reinforced concrete foundation. The usage of other types of connections is associated with both new calculation methods and technological problems. The possibility of computation and design of the connection of a steel column with a reinforced concrete foundation in seismically active regions using shear studs is considered in this work, a reinforced concrete section with longitudinal reinforcement is used for this type of connection which ensures a smooth transfer of forces from the column to the foundation. Based on the example of the connection of a single-story industrial building column shows the change in the stress-strain state of the connection under axial force and bending moments for seismic regions. Not only the feature and construction technology of the connection considered in the work, but also proposes a calculation method with future possibility of its subsequent inclusion in the building codes of the Republic of Armenia.
Controlling the Stress State of the Coating during Plasma Spraying
Authors: Timokhova Oksana , Shakirzyanov Dmitry , Timokhov Roman
Published: January 2022

Coatings obtained by spraying materials with a high-temperature gas jet onto a substrate followed by thermal treatment of the deposited materials (thermal gas coatings) are increasingly being used. The practical experience of using thermal spray coatings, accumulated over the past 20–30 years in industries, shows that in this way it is possible, as a rule, to reduce the wear of machine parts operating under various conditions by a factor of 2–5. The effectiveness of the technology has also been proven in the protection of products from corrosion and thermal damage. The efficiency of the applied materials is determined by their structure, which largely depends on the choice of the composition of the material, the method, and modes of application. A comprehensive solution to these issues with the study of the mechanism of the processes of formation of thermal gas coatings will create a scientific basis for the technology for its successful implementation in production. At the same time, the importance of studying the processes and optimizing the technological parameters of spraying and subsequent coating treatment increases. Optimization is carried out, as a rule, according to the results of experiments. Let us consider the study on the example of the development of wear-resistant composite coatings with solid lubricant inclusions with the substantiation of the technique and criteria for optimizing technological parameters taking into account the most important properties of sprayed protective coatings.
Low Energy Ar+ Ions Scattering from SiO2 (001)<Ῑ10> Surface under Grazing Incidence
Authors: Ashirov Atabek S. , Kutliev Uchkun O. , Xakimov Soyibjon , Ismailov Shavkat K.
Published: January 2022

This article presents the results of computer modeling of small-angle scattering of Ar+ ions from the surface of the SiO2 thin film under bombardment by low-energy. The study of the trajectory of the scattered ions showed that the trajectories with two focuses are observed not only near the center of the semichannel but also nearby the surface of the atomic chain. An increase in the value of the initial energy of incident particles leads to a narrowing of the trajectory of the scattered ions, which leads to the appearance of low-intensity peaks in the energy spectrum of the scattered ions.
Synthesis of Galactomannan Sulfate-Citrate
Authors: Kazachenko Aleksandr S. , Malyar Yuriy N. , Kazachenko Anna S.
Published: January 2022

Sulfated derivatives of polysaccharides have anticoagulant, hypolipedimic and other biological activity. In this work, a complex mixed ester of galactomannan, its sulfate-citrate, was obtained for the first time. The introduction of citrate and sulfate groups was proved by FTIR spectroscopy by the appearance of corresponding absorption bands. It was shown by X-ray diffraction that the introduction of the citrate group leads to the amorphization of the galactomannan structure.
Using Granulate Composites with Calcined Phosphogypsum and Pet Additive in Asphalting
Authors: Razgovorov Pavel Borisovich , Ignatiev Аleksey A. , Gotovtsev Valeriy Michailovich , Vlasova Elena Aleksandrovna
Published: January 2022

The paper discusses the change of phosphogypsum surface state produced by Apatit (Cherepovetsky branch, Vologda region) during calcination at 298-1173 K. The authors have determined the average size of its crystallites and studied the atomic composition of raw materials and finished composites that include crushed rock fraction (5-10 mm), oil bitumen, and polyethylene terephthalate additive (1.0-1.2 wt. %). The compounds present in calcined phosphogypsum have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The granulate was obtained by pelletizing phosphogypsum with a mixture of the above components. The paper presents the assessment of its physical and chemical properties. The granulated composites based on the specified samples of calcined phosphogypsum, bitumen, and melted polyethylene terephthalate waste show great promise for construction road works in European countries in summer and winter, as well as countries with tropical climates.
Metrological Analysis of the Relationship Model between the Properties of Piezoelectric Materials
Authors: Pecherskaya Ekaterina A. , Fimin Andrey V. , Alexandrov Vladimir S. , Varenik Yuriy A. , Volik Artem V. , Levin Alexey I.
Published: January 2022

The properties of piezoelectric materials due to the effect of electrical, mechanical, thermal, radiation, and chemical parameters are systematized. On the basis of Maxwell's relations (obtained from expressions for thermodynamic functions) and the application of the system analysis methodology, it made it possible to develop an analytical model of the relationship between the parameters and properties of piezoelectrics in the form of a system of equations. The results of the metrological analysis of an analytical model, which made it possible to identify the sources of additional errors in the measurement of parameters, to derive formulas for their calculation, which in turn contributes to an increase in the accuracy of measurements of the piezoelectrics parameters and products based on them, are presented.
Functional response in coccinellid beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is modified by prey-density experience
Authors: Chaudhary Desh Deepak , Kumar Bhupendra , Mishra Geetanjali , Omkar
Published: January 2022

In the present study, we assessed functional response curves of two generalist coccinellid beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), specificallyMenochilus sexmaculatusandPropylea dissecta, using fluctuating densities of aphid prey as a stimulus. In what may be the first such study, we investigated how the prey density experienced during the early larval development of these two predatory beetle species shaped the functional response curves of the late instar–larval and adult stages. The predators were switched from their rearing prey-density environments of scarce, optimal, or abundant prey to five testing density environments of extremely scarce, scarce, suboptimal, optimal, or abundant prey. The individuals ofM. sexmaculatusthat were reared on either scarce- and optimal- or abundant-prey densities exhibited type II functional response curves as both larvae and adults. However, individuals ofP. dissectathat were reared on scarce- and abundant-prey densities displayed modified type II functional response curves as larvae and type II functional response curves as adults. In contrast, individuals ofP. dissectareared on the optimal-prey density displayed type II functional response curves as larvae and modified type II functional response curves as adults. The fourth-instar larvae and adult females ofM. sexmaculatusandP. dissectaalso exhibited highest prey consumption (T/Th) and shortest prey-handling time (Th) on the scarce-prey rearing density. Thus, under fluctuating-prey conditions,M. sexmaculatusis a better biological control agent of aphids thanP. dissectais.
Where’s the Beef? Understanding Allergic Responses to Red Meat in Alpha-Gal Syndrome
Authors: Carson Audrey S , Gardner Aliyah , Iweala Onyinye I
Published: January 2022

Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) describes a collection of symptoms associated with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity responses to the glycan galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). Individuals with AGS develop delayed hypersensitivity reactions, with symptoms occurring >2 h after consuming mammalian (“red”) meat and other mammal-derived food products. The mechanisms of pathogenesis driving this paradigm-breaking food allergy are not fully understood. We review the role of tick bites in the development of alpha-gal–specific IgE and highlight innate and adaptive immune cells possibly involved in alpha-gal sensitization. We discuss the impact of alpha-gal glycosylation on digestion and metabolism of alpha-gal glycolipids and glycoproteins, and the implications for basophil and mast cell activation and mediator release that generate allergic symptoms in AGS.
The neonatal transfer process through the lens of neonatologists at public hospitals in South Africa
Authors: Ashokcoomar Pradeep , Bhagwan Raisuyah
Published: January 2022

Background: Neonatal care is provided by various levels of healthcare facilities in South Africa. Intensive care for neonates is only provided at the higher levels, hence the need for transfers from lower-level to higher-level facilities (e.g. primary hospitals to tertiary hospitals) or across levels of facilities, particularly when life-threatening situations arise (e.g. cardiac deterioration, respiratory deterioration and desaturation).Aim: The aim of the study was to explore neonatologists’ views regarding the neonatal transfer process and to describe the preparedness of advanced life support (ALS) paramedics to undertake such transfers.Setting: The setting consisted of neonatologists from three provinces i.e. KwaZulu-Natal, Gauteng and Western cape.Method: A qualitative descriptive design was utilised in this study. Semistructured interviews were conducted on the public health hospitals in three provinces (N = 9; n = 3) with neonatologists (N = 7; n = 7) who were involved in the transfers of critically ill neonates. The process of thematic analysis was used.Results: The themes that emerged in this study were: an awareness of local contextual realities related to neonatal transfers, challenges evident within the context of neonatal transfers, decision-making around the transfer of ill neonates, ALS paramedic preparedness for transfers and good clinical governanceConclusion: The study found that there was a need to be aware of local contextual realities confronting neonatal transfers, a need for greater preparedness for paramedics to undertake these transfers, a need for a sound referral processes and a need for coordinated transfer effort between paramedics, hospital staff and transport team members for the successful transfer of critically ill neonates.Contribution: The findings highlight the challenges confronting the neonatal transfer process in South Africa through the lens of neonatologist at public hospitals. Hence, the study reinforces the preparedness and coordination of the transfer process, along with more efficient communication between paramedics, hospital staff and the transfer team.