bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REDES DE INOVAÇÃO E DE CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Diniz Daniele Guimarães , Castro Cleber Carvalho de
Published: March 2024

Os laboratórios de inovação governamentais no Brasil desempenham uma função essencial na promoção de abordagens inovadoras diante dos complexos desafios inerentes ao setor público. Essas entidades surgem como catalisadores de mudança em um contexto marcado por barreiras significativas à inovação, tais como aversão ao erro, resistência institucional e obstáculos burocráticos. Através da aplicação de metodologias emergentes e uma ênfase na experimentação, os laboratórios como o GNova adotam uma estrutura de rede que facilita a colaboração interdisciplinar e o aprendizado coletivo, visando aprimorar a eficiência e a qualidade dos serviços públicos. Este artigo concentra-se especificamente no GNova, representando uma iniciativa governamental paradigmática, para analisar sua contribuição no aperfeiçoamento da administração pública e na solução de questões sociais prementes. A metodologia empregada neste estudo incluiu a revisão de literatura secundária e análise documental referente às operações do GNova, complementada por relatórios de impacto gerados pela própria instituição. Os achados deste estudo revelam que o referido laboratório efetivou projetos notáveis em seus principais eixos operacionais figurando como um exemplo de boas práticas. Como resultado, conclui-se que a adoção de redes, como o GNova, é crucial para transcender os obstáculos à inovação e assegurar a disseminação do conhecimento e da aprendizagem no sucesso dos esforços de modernização administrativa. Assim, este estudo contribui positivamente ao debate teórico sobre a importância da cultura de inovação focada nas pessoas e nas redes de colaboração.
Enhancement of Oral Bioavailability of Protein and Peptide by
Polysaccharide-based Nanoparticles
Authors: Islam Md. Moidul , Raikwar Sarjana
Published: March 2024

Oral drug delivery is a prevalent and cost-effective method due to its advantages, such
as increased drug absorption surface area and improved patient compliance. However, delivering
proteins and peptides orally remains a challenge due to their vulnerability to degradation by digestive
enzymes, stomach acids, and limited intestinal membrane permeability, resulting in poor bioavailability.
The use of nanotechnology has emerged as a promising solution to enhance the bioavailability
of these vital therapeutic agents. Polymeric NPs, made from natural or synthetic polymers,
are commonly used. Natural polysaccharides, such as alginate, chitosan, dextran, starch, pectin,
etc., have gained preference due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and versatility in encapsulating
various drug types. Their hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties can be tailored to suit
different drug molecules.
Targeting Hypertension: A Review on Pathophysiological Factors and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Raj Ruhani , Garg Minakshi , Kaur Anupreet
Published: March 2024

:

Hypertension is one of the primary causes of cardiovascular diseases and death, with a
higher prevalence in low- and middle-income countries. The pathophysiology of hypertension remains
complex, with 2% to 5% of patients having underlying renal or adrenal disorders. The rest
are referred to as essential hypertension, with derangements in various physiological mechanisms
potentially contributing to the development of essential hypertension. Hypertension elevates the
risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events (coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke) and
mortality. First-line therapy for hypertension is lifestyle change, which includes weight loss, a balanced
diet that includes low salt and high potassium intake, physical exercise, and limitation or
elimination of alcohol use. Blood pressure-lowering effects of individual lifestyle components are
partially additive, enhancing the efficacy of pharmaceutical treatment. The choice to begin antihypertensive
medication should be based on the level of blood pressure and the existence of a high
atherosclerotic CVD risk. First-line hypertension treatment includes a thiazide or thiazide-like diuretic,
an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker, and a calcium
channel blocker. Addressing hypertension will require continued efforts to improve access to diagnosis,
treatment, and lifestyle interventions.
A Brief Review on Solar Light Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes using Double/Layered Perovskites
Authors: Pattanaik Rasmirekha , Pradhan Debapriya , Dash Suresh Kumar
Published: March 2024

During the past few decades, great efforts have been devoted to developing non-toxic,
low-cost, green and studied photocatalysts for the degradation of toxic dyes from surface water
with the aid of sustainable, plentiful, and renewable solar light irradiation. Perovskite oxides
with a wide range of applications, including photocatalytic water decontamination possess
unique properties that make them suitable for performing efficiently in visible spectrum and
facilitate catalytic reactions. This mini-review specifically specializes in double/layered perovskites
and their associated materials and summarizes the recent improvement of double/layered
perovskite photocatalysts and their packages in the degradation of organic dyes.
Estilos de liderazgo en la formación militar del Ejército Nacional de Colombia, 2014-2019
Authors: Castiblanco-Medina Cristian Camilo , Gutiérrez-Garay Oskar
Published: March 2024

este capítulo examina los tipos de liderazgo militar impartidos en la Escuela Militar de Cadetes “General José María Córdova” y, por ende, a los oficiales del Ejército Nacional de Colombia, en el periodo 2014-2019, según los parámetros institucionales y lo hallado en los materiales de estudio. La investigación base recurre a un diseño documental sistemático de indagación, recolección, análisis e interpretación de información que permite concluir que en la Esmic se imparten los estilos de liderazgo democrático, transformacional y transaccional y que existe un vacío en los estudios académicos que den cuenta de los tipos de liderazgo militar enseñados en la Esmic, con los que se forma a los comandantes de pelotón del Ejercito Nacional, a partir del Manual Fundamental del Ejército, MFE, 6-22, Liderazgo, de la doctrina Damasco.
Liderazgo ético basado en competencias desde el nivel directo en líderes en formación Esmic
Authors: Garzón-Díaz Andrés Felipe , Aguilar-Bustamante María Constanza
Published: March 2024

este capítulo presenta la caracterización del liderazgo ético en líderes en formación de la Escuela Militar de Cadetes “General José María Córdova”, tomando como referencia una muestra de 107 cadetes de sexto nivel (semestre), próximos a ascender al grado de Alférez, los cuales recibirán el mando. Para obtener la caracterización, se efectuó un análisis del liderazgo ético y su relación con el liderazgo desde el nivel directo; posteriormente, se midieron las competencias del liderazgo ético en la organización, aplicando las escalas de Liderazgo Ético (ELS), de Brown; Liderazgo Ético en el Trabajo (ELW), de Kalshoven, y el Cuestionario de Liderazgo Ético (ELQ), de Yukl , con lo cual se identificó que las competencias del liderazgo ético en la organización son las relacionadas con rasgos de fiabilidad, toma de decisiones, integridad y promoción de prácticas éticas mediante el ejemplo.
Pengaruh Self Efficacy terhadap Kecemasan Bertanding pada Atlet di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Swastiratu Dewi Nabillah , Izzaty Rita Eka
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh self-efficacy terhadap kecemasan bertanding pada atlet. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian survei. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 76 orang yang didapatkan dengan metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria yaitu atlet aktif (masih menjadi atlet sampai sekarang) di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yang pernah mengikuti pertandingan olahraga. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan skala self-efficacy yang terdiri dari 29 item (reliabilitas α=0,908) dan skala kecemasan bertanding yang terdiri dari 28 aitem (reliabilitas α=0,946). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh negatif antara self-efficacy terhadap kecemasan bertanding. Garis persamaan regresi yang diperoleh adalah Y = 116,803 + -,601 X. Self-efficacy mampu menjadi predictor adanya kecemasan bertanding pada para atlet di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Hubungan Efikasi Diri dengan Kecemasan Siswa dalam Menghadapi UTBK 2020
Authors: Rismadiyanti Eka Fidya
Published: March 2024

Terdapat permasalahan psikologis yang dialami siswa dalam menghadapi Ujian Tertulis Berbasis Komputer (UTBK) terkait efikasi diri dan kecemasan. Siswa merasa takut terhadap masa depan yang akan dihadapinya karena merasa tidak yakin dengan kemampuan yang dimilikinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan antara efikasi diri dan kecemasan dalam menghadapi UTBK 2020.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian ex post facto. Subjek dari penelitian ini berjumlah 390 siswa sekolah menengah atas lulusan tahun 2020 yang berdomisili di Pulau Jawa. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner online yang disebar melalui media sosial. Validitas skala penelitian ini menggunakan validitas isi yang dilakukan dengan bantuan expert judgement dan validitas konstruk menggunakan analisis faktor. Reliabilitas skala penelitian ini berupa reliabilitas komposit dengan reliabilitas skala efikasi diri 0,81 dan skala kecemasan 0,79 yang berarti reliabilitas baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif, uji normalitas, uji linearitas dan analisis korelasi product moment.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif antara efikasi diri dengan kecemasan siswa dalam menghadapi UTBK 2020. Siswa yang memiliki efikasi diri tinggi cenderung memiliki kecemasan rendah ketika menghadapi UTBK 2020, begitu juga sebaliknya.
Hubungan Antara Bersyukur dengan Kesehatan Mental pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Amaniey Muhammad Dzakir , Harahap Farida
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara bersyukur dengan kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 116 mahasiswa. Alat pengumpulan data berupa skala bersyukur dan skala kesehatan mental. Uji validitas instrumen menggunakan validitas isi dengan expert judgment, sedangkan reliabilitas dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus Alpha Cronbach, dan diperoleh nilai koefisien α 0,951 pada instrumen bersyukur dan 0,946 pada instrumen kesehatan mental. Analisis data menggunakan Pearson product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif bersyukur dengan kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa secara signifikan (p=0,564). Artinya, ada keterkaitan skor variabel bersyukur dengan variabel kesehatan mental. Kenaikan skor bersyukur bisa dikorelasikan dengan kenaikan pada skor kesehatan mental, begitu juga sebaliknya. Secara keseluruhan mahasiswa yang menjadi sampel memiliki tingkat bersyukur dan kesehaatan mental yang baik.
Ekspresi Cinta pada Dewasa Awal yang Berpacaran
Authors: Utami Alfrida Nur
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ekspresi cinta pada individu dewasa awal yang berpacaran. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi. Empat responden terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) untuk mengungkapkan ekspresi cinta dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspresi cinta pada individu dewasa awal yang berpacaran. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa bentuk ekspresi cinta pada dewasa awal meliputi memberikan kata-kata peneguhan (words of affirmation), menghabiskan waktu berkualitas (quality time), memberikan hadiah, melakukan tindakan pelayanan (act of service), dan memberikan sentuhan fisik (physical touch) kepada pasangannya. Adapun faktor yang mempengaruhi responden dalam mengekspresikan cinta serta pemberian perilaku seksual kepada pasangannya yaitu keluarga, teman, religiusitas, situasi kondisi, hasrat seksual, serta internet atau pengaruh globalisasi
Chemistry and Biology of Cyanides: A Literature Review
Authors: Muderawan I Wayan , Karyasa I Wayan , Tika I Nyoman , Beni Widana Gede Agus
Published: March 2024

The term cyanide is used to describe compounds that contain the cyano, -C≡N, group. The cyanides exist in nature as inorganic as well as organic compounds in the forms of gas or liquid such as HCN, CNCl and acetonitrile, or solids such as NaCN, KCN, and Ca(CN)2. Cyanide compounds are also found in addible plants as cyanogenic glycosides. Compounds that can release cyanide are known as cyanogenic compounds. HCN has a low boiling point (25.63 oC) and is as weakly acidic with a pKa 9.2. It partially ionizes in water to give the cyanide anion, -CN. Cyanide ion from salt reacts with acid to give HCN, but at high pH (8-10), it remains as cyanide ion even if the temperature of the water is 80.0-100.0 °C. Cyanide is one of the deadliest poisons, LC50 is 1.1 and 5.0 mg/kg for HCN and NaCN, which can cause death to those who come into contact within a few minutes or hours of exposure, depending on the level and route of exposure. It is a rapidly acting, potentially deadly chemical that interferes with the body’s ability to use oxygen. Due to its toxicity, cyanide has many roles in industry such as pesticides and medicines as nitrile-containing pharmaceuticals. Organic compounds that have a −C≡N functional group are called nitriles. Over 30 nitrile-containing pharmaceuticals are currently marketed for a diverse variety of medicinal indications with more than 20 additional nitrile-containing leads in clinical development. In addition, over 120 naturally occurring nitriles have been isolated from terrestrial and marine sources.  In plants, cyanides are usually bound to sugar molecules in the form of cyanogenic glycosides. Hydrogen cyanide can be released from hydrolysis of cyanogenic glycosides which are commonly present in edible plants. Because it is a relatively common toxin in the environment, the body can detoxify a small amount of cyanide. The major route of metabolism for cyanides is detoxification in the liver by the mitochondrial enzyme rhodanese, which catalyzes the transfer of the sulfane sulfur of thiosulfate to the cyanide ion to form thiocyanate. Ingested cyanide may be countered by administering antidotes, such as natural vitamin B12 and sodium thiosulfate, that detoxify cyanide or bind to it.
Virtual Screening, Pharmacokinetic Prediction, Molecular Docking and Dynamics Approaches in the Search for Selective and Potent Natural Molecular Inhibitors of MAO-B for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Suwardi Suwardi , Salim Agus , Mahendra Joanda Ario Yudha , Wijayanto Daniel Bima Aji , Rochiman Nurul Azqiya , Anam Sigit Khoirul , Hikmah Nur
Published: March 2024

This research aims to find natural product compounds that have the potential to act as MAO-B inhibitors that are useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, through the stages: a) Virtual Screening, b) Molecule Docking, c) Pharmacokinetic and toxicity prediction, and d) Simulation approach Molecular dynamics.The research steps include the following steps: a) searching for molecules in the ZINC15 data base that are similar to the natural ligand molecule (safinamide) obtained from the protein data bank (PDB code: 2v5z) and the control ligand L-DOPA. A total of 481 molecules were downloaded from the data base and then molecular docking was carried out using the autodock program on the MAO-B target in the 2v5z receptor. After carrying out the docking analysis, 48 ligand molecules were selected which had a binding affinity (DG/kcal/mol) that was smaller than the DG of the natural ligand and the control ligand and nine (9) ligand molecules were taken to be tested: (i) ligand-ligand interactions MAO-B with discovery studio, (ii) Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion properties with SwissADME and (iii) toxicity using PROTOX-II. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to determine the stability of ligands in proteins. Ligand complex [CC(C)c1ccc(NC(=O)Cn2cnc3c2c(=O)n(C)c(=O)n3C)cc1]-2v5z was chosen to simulate for 100 ps. The results of the molecular docking study showed that there were 9 molecules that had binding affinity values that were smaller than the binding affinity of the natural ligand and the control ligand. Ligand and residue interactions are dominated by hydrogen bonds, donor-donor and pi-pi stacked interactions. Based on SwissADME, the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) permeant on ligand number 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 9 shows that it is orally active and cannot pass through the BBB and will not cause any side effects, whereas ligand number 4, 7, 8, 10, and 11 can cross the BBB and may cause side effects. Based on the results of toxicity prediction (PROTOX-II), it is known that there are four (4) ligands in class V, five (5) ligands in class IV and the rest in class II. Hepatotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and Phosphoprotein (Tumor Suppressor) p53 in eleven ligands are predicted to be inactive and have a small probability. The stimulated [CC(C)c1ccc(NC(=O)Cn2cnc3c2c(=O)n(C)c(=O)n3C)cc1]-2v5z complex apparently still shows ligand-protein fluctuations so that its conformation is still unstable.
The evaluation of village building program/thematic real work lecture (KKNT) MBKM’s implementation at UIN Sunan Kalijaga
Authors: Muyassaroh Muyassaroh , Sudiyatno Sudiyatno , Putro Nur Hidayanto Pancoro Setyo , Yunita Rahma , Syafiqurrahman Syafiqurrahman
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the standards of MBKM Thematic KKN, how the implementation of this program at UIN Sunan Kalijaga, as well as to determine the gap between the existing standards and the form of implementation.  This evaluation research uses the descrepancy evaluation model with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection in this study used interview techniques, documentation, and was equipped with an open questionnaire. The data sources in this study at the interview stage were 7 resource persons 1 Head of PPM UIN Sunan Kalijaga, 2 Field Supervisor (DPL), 2 heads of Study Programs and 2 students, as well as 33 students as respondents on the open questionnaire instrument. The content validity of the open questionnaire in this study received a value of 0.958, this value was obtained with 5 experts. Observation and documentation are also important data source instruments. Evaluation results in this study are in accordance with existing standards, the village development policy/KKNT for MBKM at UIN Sunan Kalijaga is a derivative policy called KKN conversion. The purpose of this conversion KKN is in line with KKNT, but there are various policy details that are changed according to the situation and conditions of UIN Sunan Kalijaga. The recommendation from this research is that the village development policy/KKNT MBKM can be implemented well in universities but adjusted to the situation and circumstances in each university.
Caracterización fisiológica de cepas de Trichoderma spp., seleccionadas por su potencial de uso para el control de Rhizoctonia solani en arroz bajo condiciones in vitro
Authors: Beltrán C. , Zapata J , Uribe L.
Published: March 2024

El añublo de la vaina causado por Rhizoctonia solani AG1, es una de las principales limitantes de la producción de arroz a nivel mundial, provocando pérdidas superiores al 50 %. Actualmente, no se cuenta con variedades resistentes, por lo que el principal método de control del patógeno es mediante el uso de fungicidas de síntesis química, con ingredientes activos como Fenbuconazol (IV), Picoxystrobin (II) y Propiconazol (III). Como una alternativa promisoria al uso de fungicidas de síntesis química, se seleccionaron diferentes cepas de Trichoderma spp., por su potencial control del patógeno. Teniendo en cuenta que la actividad biológica de los microorganismos antagonistas es influenciada por factores como el pH y la temperatura, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar siológicamente 15 cepas de Trichoderma spp., por su capacidad de crecer a temperaturas de 20 °C, 25 °C y 30 °C y a pHs entre 4,5 y 7,0, condiciones similares a las encontradas en los cultivos comerciales de arroz en el municipio de Saldaña, Tolima (Colombia).
Departamento de Quindío: Anexo 6
Authors: Londoño Londoño Julián Alberto , Salazar Aguilar José Fernando , Rincón Novoa Rubiela , Mateus Rodríguez Julián Fernando
Published: March 2024

El presente provee información básica a nivel departamental del desempeño sectorial, sus vínculos con la orientación de la ciencia, la tecnología, la innovación y las demandas del sector sobre conocimiento técnico para focalizar la investigación publica, articular capacidades, aunar esfuerzos para superar problemas productivos, mejorar la competitividad y aprovechar oportunidades del mercado en distintas cadenas de productividad priorizadas en el departamento
The Impact of Broadband Infrastructure Construction on Medical Resource Mismatch: Quasi-Natural Experiment From the Broadband China Policy (Preprint)
Authors: Chai Yulin , Yuan Xiaoping , Guo Lin , Chen Zhongming
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Whether the construction of broadband infrastructure can alleviate the problem of mismatched medical resources is crucial to the national information strategy, residents’ well-being, and social equity. However, the academic community lacks a comprehensive theoretical analysis and rigorous empirical research on this issue.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to construct a preliminary theoretical framework to scientifically assess the effects of broadband infrastructure development on the mitigation of health care resource mismatch from both theoretical and empirical perspectives, to explore the potential mechanisms of influence, and ultimately to develop several practical policy recommendations.

METHODS

We first used a theoretical analysis to propose testable theoretical hypotheses and establish a preliminary theoretical framework. Then, based on balanced panel data from 300 cities from 2010 to 2021, a 2-way fixed effects difference-in-differences model was used for empirical testing. Mechanism tests, robustness analyses, and heterogeneity analyses were further conducted.

RESULTS

The research findings demonstrate that the Broadband China Policy significantly reduces the degree of mismatch in medical resources by primarily using innovation effects and integration effects, resulting in a reduction of 13.2%. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis reveals that the central and eastern regions, cities with large populations, and areas with a high proportion of young people benefit more significantly.

CONCLUSIONS

This study fully confirms, both theoretically and empirically, that broadband infrastructure construction can effectively reduce the mismatch of medical resources not only by expanding the existing literature on the impact of broadband on public services but also by providing valuable opportunities for policy makers to optimize the allocation of medical resources.
Chatbots and COVID-19: Taking Stock of the Lessons Learned (Preprint)
Authors: Arnold Virginia , Purnat Tina D , Marten Robert , Pattison Andrew , Gouda Hebe
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

While digital innovation in health was already rapidly evolving, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the generation of digital technology tools, such as chatbots, to help increase access to crucial health information and services to those who were cut off or had limited contact with health services. This theme issue titled “Chatbots and COVID-19” presents articles from researchers and practitioners across the globe, describing the development, implementation, and evaluation of chatbots designed to address a wide range of health concerns and services. In this editorial, we present some of the key challenges and lessons learned arising from the content of this theme issue. Most notably, we note that a stronger evidence base is needed to ensure that chatbots and other digital tools are developed to best serve the needs of population health.
Evaluation of changes in the anthropometric measurements of infants in relation to the type of feeding and the presence of gestational diabetes in their mothers: a preliminary study (Preprint)
Authors: Ćwiek Dorota , Zimny Małgorzata , Szymoniak Katarzyna , Iwanowicz-Palu Grażyna , Kulesza-Brończyk Bożena , Rachubińska Kamila , Cybulska Anna , Sipak-Szmigiel Olimpia , Branecka-Woźniak Dorota
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Breastfeeding is the best way to nourish infants and young children. One of the advantages of breastfeeding is the prevention of childhood overweight and obesity. This is especially important in those babies of mothers who have developed gestational diabetes, which can contribute to carbohydrate and/or fat disorders in their children and in the future generate overweight and obesity in them.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the way babies are fed and the occurrence of gestational diabetes in their mothers on the anthropometric measurements of the babies studied.

METHODS

The study comprised 42 babies of women who had been diagnosed with gestational diabetes between the 24th and 28th week of pregnancy. The control group contained 28 babies of nondiabetic women. We evaluated the babies' diets (breastfeeding, mixed feeding, formula feeding) and their anthropometric measurements at 3 time points: 7±1 weeks from birth, 6 months ± 1 week from birth, and 12 months ± 1 week from birth. The babies were measured for weight, length, head circumference and thickness of the subscapular skin fold. We also calculated their BMI and Ponderal Index, and the measurements were also referenced to WHO centile grids.

RESULTS

At 7±1 weeks from birth, exclusively breastfed babies weighed more than mixed and formula-fed babies (P=.03). However, at 1 year of age, breastfed children weighed significantly less than formula-fed children (P =.019). Breastfed boys had lower weight, length, BMI and lower subscapular skinfold thickness at 12 months than formula-fed children (P <.05). There was no effect of gestational diabetes on the babies' anthropometric dimensions (P >.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Breastmilk feeding may prevent breastfed babies from becoming overweight and obese in the future: in the first weeks after birth, breastfed babies have a higher weight than formula-fed babies, but by the 12th month, breastfed babies weigh less than formula-fed babies. Having diabetes during pregnancy does not affect the anthropometric dimensions of children up to age 1, but continued research is needed to assess the long-term effects of maternal GDM in their offspring.
Digital Tools to Facilitate the Detection and Treatment of Bipolar Disorder: Key Developments and Future Directions (Preprint)
Authors: de Azevedo Cardoso Taiane , Kochhar Shruti , Torous John , Morton Emma
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Bipolar disorder (BD) impacts over 40 million people around the world, often manifesting in early adulthood and substantially impacting the quality of life and functioning of individuals. Although early interventions are associated with a better prognosis, the early detection of BD is challenging given the high degree of similarity with other psychiatric conditions, including major depressive disorder, which corroborates the high rates of misdiagnosis. Further, BD has a chronic, relapsing course, and the majority of patients will go on to experience mood relapses despite pharmacological treatment. Digital technologies present promising results to augment early detection of symptoms and enhance BD treatment. In this editorial, we will discuss current findings on the use of digital technologies in the field of BD, while debating the challenges associated with their implementation in clinical practice and the future directions.
Chatbot-Led Support Combined With Counselor-Led Support on Smoking Cessation in China: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Weng Xue , Yin Hua , Liu Kefeng , Song Chuyu , Xie Jiali , Guo Ningyuan , Wang Man Ping
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

China has a large population of smokers, with half of them dependent on tobacco and in need of cessation assistance, indicating the need for mobile health (mHealth) to provide cessation support.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to assess the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of combining chatbot-led support with counselor-led support for smoking cessation among community smokers in China.

METHODS

This is a 2-arm, parallel, assessor-blinded, pilot randomized controlled trial nested in a smoke-free campus campaign in Zhuhai, China. All participants will receive brief face-to-face cessation advice and group cessation support led by a chatbot embedded in WeChat. In addition, participants in the intervention group will receive personalized WeChat-based counseling from trained counselors. Follow-up will occur at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment initiation. The primary smoking outcome is bioverified abstinence (exhaled carbon monoxide <4 parts per million or salivary cotinine <30 ng/mL) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include self-reported 7-day point prevalence of abstinence, smoking reduction rate, and quit attempts. Feasibility outcomes include eligibility rate, consent rate, intervention engagement, and retention rate. An intention-to-treat approach and regression models will be used for primary analyses.

RESULTS

Participant recruitment began in March 2023, and the intervention began in April 2023. The data collection was completed in June 2024. The results of the study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will provide novel insights into the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a chatbot-led intervention for smoking cessation in China. The findings of this study will inform the development and optimization of mHealth interventions for smoking cessation in China and other low- and middle-income countries.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05777005; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05777005

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/58636
Older Adults’ Perspectives and Experiences With Digital Health in Singapore: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Leong Qiao Ying , Lee V Vien , Ng Wei Ying , Vijayakumar Smrithi , Lau Ni Yin , Mauritzon Ingela , Blasiak Agata , Ho Dean
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Technology use among older adults is increasingly common. Even though there is potential in leveraging technology to help them manage their health, only a small fraction of them use it for health-related purposes.

OBJECTIVE

This study seeks to understand the perspectives of and experiences with digital health (DH) among older adults in Singapore.

METHODS

A total of 16 participants (age range 60-80 years; n=11, 69% female) were interviewed for approximately an hour (range 27-64 minutes) about their health, DH use, and DH experiences. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed.

RESULTS

Five main themes emerged from the interview: support in developing DH literacy, credibility, cost and benefit considerations, intrinsic drive to be healthy, and telehealth. Older adults need support in familiarizing themselves with DH. When considering DH options, older adults often relied on credible sources and preferred DH to be free. Monetary incentives were brought up as motivators. The intrinsic drive to live longer and healthily was expressed to be a huge encouragement to use DH to help obtain health-related knowledge and achieve healthy living goals. The idea of telehealth was also appealing among older adults but was seen to be more suited for individuals who have issues accessing a physical clinic.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings offer insights into the various aspects that matter to older adults in the adoption of DH, which in turn can help reshape their health-seeking behavior and lifestyle. As such, policy makers and DH implementors are encouraged to take these into consideration and align their strategies accordingly.
Psychosocial impact of acne scarring: correlational study at Euderma Clinic Bali
Authors: Sari Ida Ayu Diah Purnama , Purnamayanti Ni Kadek Diah
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Acne scars are abnormalities in the contour and color of the skin that occur due to acne vulgaris, caused by increased tissue formation or local tissue damage and loss, which often causes disability, especially on the face. Acne scars often cause aesthetic, psychological, social, and emotional problems. This is a challenge for doctors to carry out comprehensive treatment strategies including primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention efforts. This research aims to determine the correlation between psychosocial impact and acne scars at the Euderma Clinic.

Methods: The research method used was descriptive cross-sectional. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling, namely collecting participants who underwent acne scar management at the Euderma Clinic in the period May-July 2023. In this study, data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that included patient characteristics, acne history, and description of acne scars. The data was analyzed descriptively and correlatively for further data interpretation.

Results: Descriptive test results on 121 samples, mostly female (77.7%), mature (72.7%), had a history of untreated acne for > 12 months, (46.3%), and had a habit of squeezing. acne (53.7%), and the severity of acne pustules > 20 (51.9%). The appearance of acne scars is mostly mild (40.5%) and moderate (39.7%). The correlation test results show a close relationship between acne scars and psychosocial impacts.

Conclusion: The severity of acne scars in adults is mostly at the mild to moderate stage. Prevention efforts that can be taken are to carry out appropriate acne treatment so that inflammation does not prolong. Management of mild moderate acne scars can be done with laser procedures and subcision to increase patient confidence.
Development and Evaluation of Drug Management Information System in Mijen Community Health Center Demak
Authors: Sholehah Faza Putri Farihatus , Iswandi Iswandi , Peranginangin Jason Merari
Published: March 2024

Background: Drug management information systems can serve as tools for decision-making. The effectiveness of such a system can be assessed through evaluation. One of the evaluation methods used is the PIECES method.Objectives: This research aims to evaluate and develop a drug management information system using the PIECES method.Methods: The research conducted was a qualitative descriptive study with inductive analysis. Sampling for this research was conducted purposive sampling. System development in this study utilized the prototype method, with interviews conducted for Management Information System (MIS) evaluation using the PIECES Framework. The design of the MIS system was created using Data Flow Diagrams and Entity Relationship Diagrams. The designed MIS system development was evaluated using the same method. Data processing in qualitative research consists of valid, clear, and accountable word descriptions, sentences, or narratives provided by the researchers, followed by data validation using triangulation techniques and Nvivo 12 Plus software.Results: Evaluation results using the PIECES Framework indicate that the implemented MIS system benefits and aids staff performance in daily drug dispensing. However, there are still manual tasks and lacking features such as distribution, drug expiration warnings, and minimum stock on the dashboard. The proposed design for MIS system development includes several features such as stock in, stock out, and distribution, complemented with drug expiration warnings, minimum stock alerts on the dashboard, and reports for each feature.Conclusion: Implementing the proposed MIS system design can assist and streamline work processes by providing comprehensive information, thus serving as a decision-making tool.
Calibration of Priority Points for Sensitization Status of Kidney Transplant Candidates in the United States
Authors: Schold Jesse. D. , Tambur Anat R. , Mohan Sumit , Kaplan Bruce
Published: March 2024

Key Points

There are multiple factors associated with high sensitization levels among kidney transplant candidates, which differ by candidate sex.

Since the initiation of the kidney allocation system, candidates with higher sensitization have higher rates of deceased donor transplantation.

Priority points assigned to candidates associated with sensitization have led to inequities in access to deceased donor transplantation.

Background

A primary change to the national organ allocation system in 2014 for deceased donor kidney offers was to weight candidate priority on the basis of sensitization (i.e., calculated panel reactive antibody percentage [cPRA%]) using a sliding scale. Increased priority for sensitized patients could improve equity in access to transplantation for disadvantaged candidates. We sought to evaluate the effect of these weights using a contemporary cohort of adult US kidney transplant candidates.

Methods

We used the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients to evaluate factors associated with sensitization using multivariable logistic models and rates of deceased donor transplantation using cumulative incidence models accounting for competing risks and multivariable Cox models.

Results

We examined 270,912 adult candidates placed on the waiting list between January 2016 and September 2023. Six-year cumulative incidence of deceased donor transplantation for candidates with cPRA%=80–85 and 90–95 was 48% and 53%, respectively, as compared with 37% for candidates with cPRA%=0–20. In multivariable models, candidates with high cPRA% had the highest adjusted hazards for deceased donor transplantation. There was significant effect modification such that the association of high cPRA% with adjusted rates of deceased donor transplantation varied by region of the country, sex, race and ethnicity, prior dialysis time, and blood type.

Conclusions

The results indicate that the weighting algorithm for highly sensitized candidates may overinflate the need for prioritization and lead to higher rates of transplantation. Findings suggest recalibration of priority weights for allocation is needed to facilitate overall equity in access to transplantation for prospective kidney transplant candidates. However, priority points should also account for subgroups of candidates who are disadvantaged for access to donor offers.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE MOTIVATIONAL FACTOR OF CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE ON THE ACCEPTANCE OF FOREIGN BRANDS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Šapić Srđan , Filipović Jovana , Zdravković Stefan
Published: March 2024

Cultural intelligence represents a set of competencies and skills that enable a person to adapt in situations that are multicultural in nature. It consists of four basic factors, namely the metacognitive, cognitive, motivational and behavioural factors. The main goal of this paper is to examine the influence of the motivational factor of cultural intelligence on the decision of consumers from the Republic of Serbia to accept foreign brands. Empirical research was carried out using the survey method, the total number of respondents in the sample is 122, their answers were analysed using statistical software SPSS, and the statistical analyses used were reliability analysis, correlation analysis, simple regression analysis, the ANOVA test, and the T-test for two independent samples. The results of the research show that the motivational factor of cultural intelligence achieves a positive influence on the decision of consumers to accept foreign brands, that the degree of cultural intelligence is equally pronounced among people belonging to Generations X, Y and Z, as well as that the degree of cultural intelligence is more pronounced among people with a university level education compared to people with a high school education. The existing research gap in scientific literature is filled by the results of this research, while the managerial implications of the study are reflected in the provision of information to marketers about the importance of the cultural intelligence of consumers. In other words, it is emphasised that this group of consumers has cosmopolitan views, that they are part of a global consumer culture, that they are innovative, and that they buy foreign brands, which should be taken into account when formulating a marketing strategy.
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Community Pharmacists in Tehran about environmental health issues in pharmacy
Authors: Niazi Mohammad-Javad , Abrishami Ramin , Shojaei Parisa , Sadeghi-Sokeh Seyed-Matin , Radmanesh Ramin
Published: March 2024

Introduction: In addition to being the most accessible medical
center in the community, the pharmacy is a center for storing and
providing medicines and cosmetics that are directly related to people’s
health. Therefore, observing environmental health issues in the
pharmacy, which is managed by the pharmacist, is considered necessary.
Objective: In this study, an attempt has been made to provide
the necessary ground for improving the health status of pharmacies by
examining the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacists
active in community pharmacies and presenting it. Method: In
this study, researcher-made questionnaires were designed and after
reviewing its validity by experts and its reliability by Cronbach’s
alpha test, were completed by pharmacists and the results were analyzed
in SPSS program. Results: Examination of the data obtained from
this study showed that the pharmacists in the study have the appropriate
level of knowledge and attitude, but their performance in pharmacies is
different. Discussion: Observation of the results of the study
shows that due to the lack of appropriate practical training and the
lack of strict rules by regulatory authorities, despite the appropriate
level of knowledge of pharmacists, in practice do not consider
themselves very obliged to observe health principles.
Understanding role of cadmium substitution on the structural, microstructural, transport properties of ferrites synthesized by different methods
Authors: Kulkarni Akshay , Mathad Shridhar , Manohara S.R. , Deshpande Sandeep , Kulkarni Kajal , Mane Vaishali
Published: March 2024

The structural studies (XRD and SEM), the dielectric constant (??), dielectric loss (tan ? or ??), AC conductivity studies (?ac), and Cole-Cole plot studies are carried out for Co0.5Zn0.5Cd1.5xFe2-xO4 (Cd doped Co-Zn ferrites) with x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 series synthesized by co-precipitation (CPP) method and solid state reaction (SSR) method, and for Co0.5Ni0.5Cd1.5xFe2-xO4 (Cd doped Co-Ni ferrites) with x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 series synthesized by co-precipitation (CPP) method. The XRD confirms the cubic spinel structure of all the samples. The SEM images show the agglomeration of particles observed to be increasing with increase in Cd doping. The dielectric constant increased with Cd concentration. The dielectric constant is observed to be higher for samples prepared CPP method compared to SSR. Dielectric loss graphs have shown the resonance for certain frequencies. The AC conductivity increased with Cd doping. The samples prepared by CPP method shown lower AC conductivity compared to samples synthesized by SSR method. The Cole-Cole plots show the dual contribution of grain and grain boundaries in conductivity.
Cultura de paz en estudiantes universitarios: una mirada a través de la teoría de representaciones sociales
Authors: Calderón García Rocío , Jiménez Torres Jorge Alfredo
Published: March 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es explorar el significado de la cultura de paz en estudiantes universitarios. Para dicho propósito se presenta un acercamiento de la teoría de las representaciones sociales con la intención de explicar cómo los individuos se apropian de la información y la transforman en una forma de acción dentro de una colectividad, en busca del respeto hacia los derechos humanos ante un ambiente de paz. La investigación se llevó a cabo con una muestra de 112 informantes del Centro Universitario de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades de los programas educativos Sociología y Relaciones Internacionales, así como de la carrera de Abogado del Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, ambos campus de la Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Este objetivo se abordó a través de una metodología mixta, mediante las técnicas observación, análisis de documentos y listados libres. Los resultados revelaron que la concepción en torno al concepto cultura de paz es amplia y multidimensional. Por ejemplo, entre los principales valores se destacan tolerancia, el respeto y la diversidad como pilares fundamentales de la cultura de paz. Es esencial comprender cómo estos jóvenes perciben, valoran e interpretan este fenómeno social, ya que esto proporciona información para diseñar estrategias efectivas y significativas de intervención y promoción de la cultura de paz para este grupo de personas.
APLIKASI BUDIDAYA SAYURAN HIDROPONIK SEBAGAI SARANA PEMBELAJARAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Haryanto Agus , Telaumbanua Mareli , Triyono Sugeng , Suharyatun Siti
Published: March 2024

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan dan mengaplikasikan budidaya sayuran menggunakan teknologi hidroponik kepada anak-anak usia dini. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di TK IT Insan Taqwa di Desa Sidosari, Kecamatan Natar, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan merancang, membuat dan menginstal perangkat budidaya hidroponik sistem ABC menggunakan pipa PVC 3 inchi sepanjang 16 m yang dilengkapi dengan ember kapasitas 80 L, pompa 125 W, dan timer analog 15 menitan. Setelah instalasi perangkat hidroponik, kegiatan dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan budidaya hidroponik yang disertai praktek penanaman sayuran selada. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa setelah kurang lebih 4minggu, tanaman selada tumbuh dengan baik yang ditunjukkan oleh figur tanaman yang segar dan besar. Pada akhir minggu ke-5, tanaman selada dipanen oleh para. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan ini berjalan dengan sukses yang ditunjukkan dari indikator keberhasilan yang meliputi (1) tersedianya satu unit kit hidroponik,(2) terlaksananya kegiatan sosialisasi dan praktek budidaya hidroponik, (3) terlaksananya budidaya hidroponik yang dikerjakan oleh guru dan siswa TK IT Insan Taqwa dari penanaman hingga panen.
SOSIALISASI DAN DEMONSTRASI PEMBUATAN FILTER AIR
Authors: Fajar Mutiara
Published: March 2024

Desa Wiralaga merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di Kabupaten Mesuji Provinsi Lampung. Desa Wiralaga memiliki permasalahan kualitas sumber air (air sumur) teridentifikasi berbau dan berwarna kuning. Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini terselenggara untuk membantu masyarakat meminimalisir dampak dari kualitas air tersebut dengan menggunakan alat filtrasi sederhana. Alat ini berbentuk silinder dengan diameter 3 inch, pipa ½ inch (sebagai pipa tengah), pipa 3 inch (sebagai badan filter), tutup pipa 3 inch (sebagai sekat), tutup pipa 3 inch (sebagai tutup filter), pipa ukuran ¼ inch (sebagai penyangga sekat), dan 3 socket. Media yang digunakan adalah pasir malang 2 sak, ijuk, kasa, dan arang, pompa 2 buah, dan water tank 1050 liter 1 buah. Kegiatan ini dimulai dengan melakukan pre-test dan post-test. Hasil menunjukkan rata-rata terjadi peningkatan sebesar 10-30% dari keseluruhan jawaban pertanyaan sebelum dan setelah kegiatan. Persentase peningkatan pemahaman paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 30% untuk pertanyaan nomor 13 (media penyaring air) dan 20 (fungsi media filter). Harapan untuk kedepan yaitu perlu dilakukannya uji kualitas air sebelum dan setelah dilakukannya proses filtrasi, perlu diakukannya variasi model filtrasi yang lebih sederhana untuk dipraktikkan pada kondisi seperti di Desa Wiralaga.