bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОХОРОННІ ЗАХОДИ НА СУДНАХ І В ПОРТАХ У ПРИЗМІ ПРОТИДІЇ ТЕРОРИЗМУ І ПІРАТСТВУ НА МОРІ
Authors: Лігагенко Віталій Валерійович , Рященко Оксана Іванівна , Іваненко В.М. , Бажак Ольга Валеріївна
Published: March 2023

Метою статті є формування комплексу охоронних заходів на суднах і в портах для протидії тероризму і піратству на морі. Поставлена мета досягається шляхом аналізу джерел інформації щодо визначення та однозначного тлумачення термінів морський тероризм та піратство, виявлення та аналізу причин виникнення цих небезпечних явищ. Визначено, чому завдання боротьби з міжнародним тероризмом, зокрема на морі, висунулося в низку найважливіших. Продемонстровано роль Дипломатичної конференції з морського захисту у вирішенні питань морської безпеки введенням особливих заходів, що стосується підвищення безпеки пасажирських суден, вантажних суден валовою місткістю від 500т, зокрема швидкісних суден, самохідних плавучих бурових установок і портових засобів. Наголошено про встановлення послідовного стандартизованого підходу до оцінки небезпеки, що дозволило врівноважити можливі ризики за рахунок посилення безпеки суден і портових об'єктів. Вказані основні національні нормативні документи Україна, якими доповнено законодавство для імплементації Кодексу з охорони суден і портових засобів. Систематизовані основні причини, що зумовлюють зростання терористичної загрози на водних просторах України. Найбільш суттєвим результатом є введення чотирьох груп охоронних заходів щодо протидії тероризму на морському транспорті за певними ознаками та виділення у цих групах окремих елементів, що дозволяють добитися ефективної протидії тероризму і піратству на морі. Подальшим напрямом роботи є детальний розбір та аналіз окремих складових у комплексі заходів Кодексу ОСПЗ для ефективної протидії морському тероризму. Ключові слова: піратство, морський тероризм, безпека суден, безпека портових об'єктів, заходи протидії
Efektivitas Khasiat Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Gel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ekor Naga (Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f) Schott) Berdasarkan Analisis Hidroksiprolin
Authors:   Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Jambi Indonesia, Sani K Fathnur , Rahman Havizur ,   Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Jambi Indonesia, Rahman Ave Olivia ,   Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Jambi Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Ekstrak daun ekor naga (Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f) Schott) merupakan ekstrak yang telah teruji dari penelitian sebelumnya memiliki efek sebagai penyembuh luka sayat, luka bakar dan inflamasi. Efek ini didukung dengan adanya kandungan metabolit skeunder alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, saponin dan tannin. Efek gel sebagai penyembuh luka sayat juga telah di publish. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar hidroksiproline kulit yang mengalami luka sayat setelah pemberian gel ekstrak daun ekor naga selama 14 hari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan experimental design. Hewan uji yang digunakan masing-masing perlakuan sebanyak 5 ekor hewan uji. Kontrol Positif (Bioplacenton®), Formula 0 (Basis Gel), Formula 1 (Konsentrasi ekstrak daun ekor naga 10%), Formula 2 (Konsentrasi ekstrak daun ekor naga 15%), dan Formula 3 (Konsentrasi ekstrak daun ekor naga 20%). Pengamatan yang dilakukan adalah skrining fitokimia, dan kadar hidroksiproline. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula 2 merupakan formula yang memiliki efektivitas terbaik dalam pembentukan kolagen yaitu sebesar 35,251±4,16 µg/mL. Dimana secara statistik memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) antar kelompok perlakuan. Kesimpulan bahwa gel ekstrak daun ekor naga memiliki pengaruh terhadap kadar hidroksiprolin pada kasus luka sayat hewan uji.
Penghambatan Proliferasi Sel Kanker Payudara T47D oleh Ekstrak Air Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) dan Doxorubicin dengan Metode MTT Assay
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Indonesia, Muna Laili Nailul , Maulidina Fradhika ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Kanker merupakan jenis penyakit dengan prevalensi tertinggi yang dapat menyebabkan kematian, salah satunya kanker payudara. Pengobatan kemoterapi saat ini yang dilakukan banyak menimbulkan resiko terhadap penderitanya, misalnya menimbulkan resistensi, efek samping, daya efikasi yang semakin menurun. Model pengobatan yang efektif yakni mengkombinasikan agen kemoterapi dengan agen kemopreventif sebagai komplementer, sehingga dapat meminimalkan efek samping. Tujuan pada penelitian ini yakni mengetahui ativitas sitotoksik ekstrak air daun kelor dengan control positif doxorubicin terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan MTT assay dengan hasil data berupa IC50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D dengan IC50 lebih dari 1000 µg/ml, sedangkan doxorubicin memberikan nilai IC50 sebesar 8,17 µg/ml. Berdasarkan nilai IC50 tersebut ekstrak air daun kelor kurang poten dalam memberikan aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D, namun memberikan perubahan morfologi sel.
Analisa Vitamin B1, B6 dan B12 Secara Simultan Dengan Metode Kromatografi Pasangan Ion
Authors:   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Diana Diana
Published: March 2023

Kromatografi pasangan ion dapat digunakan untuk meretensi senyawa yang memiliki muatan, bersifat polar dan memisahkan analit yang bervariasi kepolaran dan hidrofobisitasnya. Hal yang tidak dapat dilakukan dengan mudah pada metode kromatografi fase balik biasa. Pemisahan senyawa pada kolom menggunakan kromatografi pasangan ion dilakukan untuk menganalisa kadar Thiamine Mononitrat (Vitamin B1), Pyridoxine HCl (Vitamin B6) dan Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) secara simultan. Validasi juga dilakukan untuk membuktikan performa metode analisa yang diusulkan. Dari penelitian ini dibuktikan bahwa kromatografi pasangan ion dapat menjadi metode alternatif yang lebih efisien untuk menganalisa sediaan tablet oral dengan kandungan B1, B6 dan B12.
Hubungan Kondisi Udara Masuk dengan Kondisi Udara Keluaran Air Cooler
Authors:   Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta Indonesia, Purwadianto Doddy , Purwadi Petrus Kanisius ,   Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan kondisi udara masuk terhadap kondisi udara keluaran air cooler. Selain itu juga untuk mendapatkan nilai efektivitas rata rata air cooler. Suhu udara masuk divariasikan, tetapi memiliki kelembapan spesifik w yang sama. Proses penurunan suhu udara, terjadi pada saat udara melewati beberapa cooling pad yang permukaannya dialiri air. Proses pendinginan udara diasumsikan berjalan secara evaporative cooling. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimen, dengan mempergunakan air cooler buatan sendiri. Untuk suhu udara masuk berturut turut: 30oC, 35oC, 40oC dan 45oC, dihasilkan suhu udara keluaran berturut turut sebesar 26,27oC, 27,66oC, 29,10oC, 30,9 oC dengan efektivitas rata rata air cooler 89,5%.
Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Buah Pare (Momordica Charantia) Sebagai Antibakteri dan Antifungi
Authors:   Widya Mandala Catholic University - Engineering Faculty Indonesia, Panala Rahel Primasita , Seran Stevani Noviyanti ,   Widya Mandala Catholic University - Engineering Faculty Indonesia, Anggorowati Adriana Anteng ,   Widya Mandala Catholic University - Engineering Faculty Indonesia, Santoso Shella ,   Widya Mandala Catholic University - Engineering Faculty Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Green-antibacterial is another alternatif as an antibiotic. One of the natural ingredients which has green-antibacterial properties is bitter melon (Momordica charantia). Bitter melon has compounds that function as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anti carcinogenic. This is due to bitter melon fruit has active compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and phenols. In this research, bitter melon is maserated by aquadest in a various ratio weight per volume (w/v) 1:40, 1:20, 1:13,3 and 1:10 for 24 hours. Filtrate is filtered then dried for 10 hours to get the crude extract of biter melon. phytochemical test, measurement of total phenolic content (TPC), antibacterial and antifungal test. According to the result, bitter melon extract contain alkaloids, saponins and tanins with the highest value of total phenolic content measurement is the rasio of 1:10 scilicet 0,3390 g GAE/g sample. The strongest inhibition is found in ratio 1:10 with an average diameter is 14,5 ± 2,12 mm. Whilst, for the antifungal test, the inhibition zone is only found in the 1:13,3 and 1:10 ratios with an average diameters are 7±0,42 mm dan 8,65±0,071 mm.
Sistem Marketplace Penitipan Hewan Dengan Memanfaatkan Teknologi React Native
Authors:   Institut Sains dan Teknologi Terpadu Surabaya Indonesia, Dewi Grace Levina , Tjandra Suhatati ,   Institut Sains dan Teknologi Terpadu Surabaya Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Keeping animals is a very fun hobby because pets can be entertainment in itself to relieve fatigue from daily activities. But there are certain times, the owner doesn't have time to take care of the pet, especially if there are tasks out of town for a few days, or other activities. Pet care is a solution to keep pets taken care of while their owners don't have time to take care of them. Animal care provides care facilities for pets that are deposited. Currently, many provide animal care services with the aim of helping facilitate the search for the best animal care services and according to needs. Developed a mobile application system in the form of an animal care marketplace using React Native technology. The purpose of making this system is so that animal owners can find animal care centers according to their wishes. There are two users who play a role in this system, namely animal owners and animal day care workers. The animal owner's user system can determine a message schedule to entrust animals to the care feature and choose the cage to be occupied. The advantage of this feature is that pet owners can also know the condition of their pets, because each officer will send information. Through testing this system, it is known that there are about 73% of users who want to use this system. This system helps people who have pets not to worry about doing care.
Degradasi Fenol Dalam Limbah Cair Secara Fotooksidasi
Authors:   Widya Mandala Catholic University - Engineering Faculty Indonesia, Anggorowati Adriana Anteng , Ayucitra Aning ,   Widya Mandala Catholic University - Engineering Faculty Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Pengolahan limbah cair telah dikembangkan dengan suatu teknologi yang disebut dengan Advance Oxidation Processes (AOPs). Dalam proses ini digunakan radikal hidroksil (●OH) sebagai pengoksidnya. Radikal hidroksil ini memiliki kemampuan oksidasi yang besar yaitu 2,8 V. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan degradasi polutan fenol dengan membandingkan dua proses yaitu oksidasi dengan dan tanpa fotofenton, dan fotooksidasi dengan ozon. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan persentase penurunan konsentrasi fenol akibat oksidasi dan fotooksidasi. Sampel larutan fenol dioksidasi dengan reagen Fenton yaitu campuran oksidator H2O2 dan FeSO4 kemudian diradiasi dengan UV. Ozonisasi dilakukan dengan cara sampel larutan fenol dialiri ozon. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah radiasi UV saja tanpa tambahan oksidator-kimia hanya mampu menurunkan kadar fenol hingga 20,34 % pada menit ke 50. Sedangkan jika menggunakan oksidator H2O2 dan radiasi UV, persentase penurunan konsentrasi fenol mencapai hingga 60,59 %. Pada proses oksidasi menggunakan reagen Fenton yang tanpa radiasi UV dan reagen Fenton yang dengan radiasi UV (Fotofenton) masing-masing dapat mendegradasi fenol hingga persentase penurunan konsentrasinya 74,26 % dan 79,99 %. Sedangkan pada proses ozonisasi fenol, tanpa dan dengan radiasi UV masing-masing dapat mendegradasi fenol hingga persentase penurunan konsentrasi fenolnya mencapai 88,61 % dan 92,48 %. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa radiasi UV sangat berpengaruh positif dalam mendegradasi fenol dalam limbah cair secara oksidasi.
Analisis Kualitas Produk Crude Palm Oil Menggunakan Metode Seven Tools di PT DK
Authors:   Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta Indonesia, Kurniawan Deni , Setiafindari Widya ,   Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta Indonesia
Published: March 2023

PT DK merupakan sebuah perusahaan agrobisnis yang memproduksi Crude Palm Oil. Permasalahan yang timbul di PT DK adalah permasalahan kualitas produknya yang masih mengalami kecacatan, yaitu masih tingginya kandungan asam lemak bebas, kadar air, dan kadar kotoran. Sehingga melewati standar yang ditentukan oleh perusahaan. Sampel yang di analisis pada bulan Juli sebanyak 297 sampel, didapatkan kandungan asam lemak bebas yang melebihi standar (≤ 3,5%) sebanyak 38 sampel, kandungan kadar air yang melebihi standar (≤ 0,15%) sebanyak 203 sampel, dan kadar kotoran yang melebihi standar (≤ 0,02%) sebanyak 181 sampel. Dikarenakan hal tersebut pihak perusahaan mengalami kerugian, karena kualitas yang buruk, produk memiliki nilai jual yang rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui permasalahan kualitas yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan, dan mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab permasalahan pada kualitas produk di PT DK, yang kemudian dicari solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Metode analisis yang digunakan untuk melakukan penelitian ini yaitu metode Seven Tools, yaitu metode statistik yang menggunakan tujuh alat bantu dalam melakukan pengendalian kualitasnya, dan digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat kontrol kualitas produk yang dijalankan perusahaan. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan proporsi permasalahan kualitas pada produk Crude Palm Oil yang paling dominan terjadi pada bulan Juli 2022 adalah kecacatan kadar air sebesar 48%, kemudian kadar kotoran sebesar 43%, dan kadar asam lemak bebas sebesar 9%. Faktor-faktor penyebab kecacatan pada produk Crude Palm Oil adalah faktor manusia, mesin, material, lingkungan, dan metode kerja.
Biodiversity of Ravine Flora of the Northeastern Part of the Lesser Caucasus
Authors: Bayramova U.
Published: March 2023

As a result of the study of the areas, the geographical features of the ravine flora were studied. The flora is grouped by geographical elements according to the existing scheme of geographical elements. Geographical analysis shows that pontic and nemoral geoelements are dominated by Eurasian, European, and ancient Mediterranean areas. Nemoral and pontic geoelements cover all areal types. Cosmopolitans dominate. It should be pointed out that as a result of human economic activity, the species composition in the ravines has decreased sharply. Ravines occupy an important place in the formation of the vegetation of the north-east of the Lesser Caucasus and play the role of soil protection and water protection. Systematic, biomorphological, ecological cenotic, geographical analysis shows that the ravine flora is similar to the zonal flora of the meadow steppe system, but at the same time has its own characteristics. It is heterogeneous in species composition. One of the peculiarities of the flora is the predominance of weeds, forest vegetation and migrants.
Analysis of Efficiency of New Horizontal Wells With MSHF on Heterogeneous Reservoirs of Achimovsky Sequence
Authors: Terekhin E. , Nanishvili O.
Published: March 2023

The paper analyzes the effectiveness of MSHF on the objects of the Achimov sequence. The geological and physical characteristics of the object BS16-22are given. MSHF technologies used at the object are described. Presented are the results of MSHF in 14 horizontal wells of the BS16-22.
Landscape and Ecological Features of the Distribution of the Main Pathogens of Helminthoses of Sheep in the North-Eastern Foothills of the Lesser Caucasus
Authors: Fataliyev G. , Hasanli N. , Aslanova E.
Published: March 2023

During 2017-2020, a total of 224 sheep heads were examined in the north-eastern regions of the Lesser Caucasus by a complete helminthological autopsy, including 84 heads in the plain zone, 78 heads in the foothill zone and 62 heads in the mountainous zone. As a result of the study, 28 species of helminths were found in them, including 4 species of trematode, 6 species of cestode and 18 species of nematode. All identified species were analyzed both by the extent and intensity of invasion, and by their prevalence in landscape-ecological zones.
Efficiency of Prontosan in Complex Treatment of Purulent Wounds
Authors: Tabaldyev A.
Published: March 2023

The treatment of purulent wounds is still one of the primary and not fully resolved problems of surgery. This is due to the fact that in the structure of patients in general surgical hospitals, patients with purulent diseases of soft tissues account for 30-35%, and the number of patients with postoperative purulent complications increases, which is associated with an increase in the admission of patients with destructive processes, the imperfection of preventive measures used in the moment of the operation and after it, the appearance of antibiotic-resistant forms of microflora and a decrease in the immunobiological reactivity of the population. To improve the results in the complex treatment of purulent wounds through the use of Prontosan. The research was carried out on the basis of surgery, obstetrics and gynecology department of Osh State University and in the surgical departments of the Osh City Clinical Hospital and the Osh Interregional United Clinical Hospital. Complications contribute to changes in the structure and nature of purulent lesions of soft tissues and an increase in the number of patients with purulent wounds and their complications. Introduction of measures for prevention and treatment of purulent-inflammatory complications improves results of treatment in patients with acute appendicitis and cholecystitis, as well as with purulent diseases of soft tissues. Surgeons received reasonable recommendations on the prevention of complications with the use of Prontosan.
Clinical and Diagnostic Study of Cerebrospinal Fluid Parameters in the Laboratory of the Regional Children’s Hospital
Authors: Kiryakina E.
Published: March 2023

The aim of the work is to analyze the morbidity of children who underwent CSF research for the period 2019-2021, as well as to consider the dynamics of the development of the disease picture with purulent and serous meningitis (against the background of anti-intoxication and antibacterial therapy) and to assess the condition of a sick child. The contingent of subjects is an experimental group of children under 14 years old with a diagnosis of purulent and serous meningitis who were being treated at the Penza regional Hospital. The main results of the work showed that in three years the number of children in need of cerebrospinal fluid examination has decreased. However, the number of pathological studies in children with meningitis remained at a fairly high level. In children during the newborn period with a diagnosis of purulent meningitis, there is a positive dynamic of indicators against the background of anti-intoxication and antibacterial therapy. In children diagnosed with serous meningitis, there was a slight lymphocytic pleocytosis, in several cases of the disease there is an increase in neutrophils. This indicates the most severe course of the disease and has a less favorable prognosis.
Quality Medical Care: Activities of Nurses, Technical Staff, Hospital (Patient Evaluation)
Authors: Seidaliyeva M. , Ismanalieva Zh. , Gainazarova R.
Published: March 2023

The article considers the impact of social processes and conditions that affect the activities of the healthcare sector in the modern period. The assessment of patients living in the Osh region of the activity of the paramedical worker, technical staff and medical institutions in providing quality medical care to patients was analyzed. The proposals and requirements of patients regarding the social responsibility of medical personnel, the conditions created for receiving high-quality medical care in a medical institution were taken into account and analyzed. The problem in this article is the question: Do patients in the Osh region receive quality medical care? The purpose of this study is: to conduct a social survey among patients about the activities of paramedical and technical personnel in medical institutions in the Osh region, about providing quality medical care in a medical institution, to analyze the results, to evaluate, to draw conclusions.
Calculation of the Technical Characteristics of the Irrigation Plant Operating Due to the Kinetic Energy of the River Flow Based on Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Matisakov T.
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the issue of irrigating pastures with the help of an irrigation plant that operates due to the kinetic energy of the river flow. The issue of pasture irrigation in conditions without electricity has been studied. Calculations were carried out to determine the technical characteristics of the irrigation system. The power, pressure at the height of the water, flow rate and productivity of the irrigation plant have been established. The power of the river flow, natural pressures for the installation of the pump are determined. The dependences of the efficiency factor on the supply of the pump operating due to the kinetic energy of the river flow in different values of the rise of water to a height are established. The dependences of the height of water rise on the pump delivery are investigated and the required delivery value for the required height is established.
Easton’s Contribution to the Study of the Political System as a Political-Legal Category
Authors: Kolsarieva N.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the study of D. Easton’s contribution to the research of the political system of society. It defines the political system, the structure and its importance in the activity of the state. The author has studied some works of D. Easton, dedicated to the political system of society. Works of other scientists, political scientists, devoted to D. Easton and his doctrines and theories of the political system are also used in the article. The author has made attempts to study and apply the results of research received by D. Easton in carrying out this study of the political system. The article defines the object, subject, methods, tasks and aims of the research and makes corresponding conclusions on the investigated issue. In this article D. Easton’s contribution to the study of the political system of society, also his theories of the political system, which played a huge role in the formation and development of the political system, is indicated. The author noted the advantages and disadvantages of his research.
Methodological Basis of Development Scientific-Methodological Base for Formation of Oral and Written Skills of Medical Students in English
Authors: Nurakova Zh.
Published: March 2023

To date, no scientific and methodological basis has been developed for the formation of written and oral speech skills in English among students of higher medical professional education in Kyrgyzstan. In this direction, the works performed in higher educational institutions are carried out through educational-methodical scientific-practical norms created in the Russian state. At the same time, the individual legal requirements of Kyrgyz citizens to the branches of medicine were not taken into account, as a result of which written speech texts related to this industry turned out to be in an incomprehensible position for patients, which over time revealed the need for the formation of written speech skills among medical students in the Kyrgyz language, which raised the question of the methodology of Kyrgyz combined training in written speech skills in English in the republic. The article analyzes this issue.
Research and Innovation as Priority Directions for the Development of the System Higher Education in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Khairova D. , Taktasheva D.
Published: March 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of higher educational institutions of the Republic of Uzbekistan in reliance upon such criteria as academic prestige, efficiency of research activities and the quality of human resources. In addition, the authors have analyzed the ranking of Uzbekistan in the Global Innovation Index (GII) for the period 2020-2022 within the framework of indicators of efficiency of research and development and the use of innovations in the higher education system.
Features of Teaching Young Preschool Children a Foreign Language
Authors: Botoyarova M. , Ormonova K. , Egamkulov D.
Published: March 2023

The relevance of early learning of a foreign language is determined by the needs of society. Teaching a foreign language to preschool children creates excellent opportunities for learning a foreign language. In this regard, this article is devoted to the need to study the peculiarities of teaching young children English in order to achieve the most effective result in its further study. The purpose of the work is to identify and describe the features of teaching English to young children, to identify methods that allow developing constructive interaction between teachers and students, as well as the development of lesson plans. The object of the study is the process of teaching a foreign language. The subject of the study is the use of methodological recommendations in teaching preschool children. The question of when to start teaching a child a foreign language is of interest to many parents. This is quite expected, because knowledge of at least one foreign language in our time has turned from a desire into a necessity.
Life Tasks as a Means of Studying New Material When Teaching Geometry in Secondary School
Authors: Tagaeva D. , Turganbaeva R. , Talipov A.
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the role of life tasks in teaching geometry in high school. The teaching of mathematics in a general education school, in addition to equipping students with certain knowledge, skills and abilities necessary to prepare them for life activities in the conditions of modern production, also pursues the goal of achieving such a level of their mathematical development that they need to study other school subjects at a high level, to continue their education in higher education. And also, for the formation of key and subject competencies in mathematics. The article deals with life tasks as a means of learning new material when teaching geometry in high school. Examples from the production industry are given. And also, the article presents the requirements and goals of studying mathematics, geometry in high school. The content of the textbooks proposed by the Ministry of Education, respectively, for general education and subject state standards in mathematics, contains many examples related to life tasks. The above conclusions define the main problem of the study: to study the role and place of tasks with vital content in revealing the content-applied significance of the school geometry course and in solving general educational problems facing the school. Develop a methodology for teaching problem solving. In the school teaching of geometry, the connection of the studied material with life, with practice, is often not yet rationally realized. Students have poorly developed skills and abilities to apply the acquired knowledge in practice. The goals and requirements of education standards for student-centered learning, i. e. to connect the teaching of mathematics, geometry with life, the passion for studying the basics of production, to form the key and subject competencies of students.
The Ways to Fulfill Educational Tasks Through Painting With Oil Paint in Higher Schools
Authors: Huseynov A. , Safarova A.
Published: March 2023

One of the important characteristics for students studying fine art teaching is to be able to understand the environment and depict it on canvas. Portrait, which is a genre (type) of fine art, performs quite deep and complex tasks. The work does not end here with the similarity of a person’s external appearance. Here, the inner world of a person, the state of his soul, is in the foreground. Therefore, any image cannot be called a portrait. A portrait is an artistic image of a person. In the portrait, only and only the external features, psychology, and moral character belonging to him should be reflected in a concrete personality.
The Epic of Manas - a Source for Studying Concepts and Terms of Traditional Education Culture
Authors: Alimbekov A. , Baitova F.
Published: March 2023

In this article, folk concepts and terms, used in the practice of raising children of the Kyrgyz people from ancient times, were analyzed within the frames of The Epic of Manas. The concepts of traditional thought related to such issues as the purpose and methods of raising children, the ideals of the individual, given through phraseological units, aphorisms, imperatives and epithets, were reconstructed by the text analysis of the epic.
Professional Status Characteristics of Social Workers
Authors: Zhanibek kyzy Zh.
Published: March 2023

Social work with its extensive management structure in various spheres of society and an extensive network of social service institutions has an active impact on social policy, since it plays the role of feedback in the management system of social processes. Being the most important element of the social policy of the state, absorbing and implementing practical and organizational aspects, social work performs an important function of ensuring its vitality and effectiveness.
Individual Factors in the Context of the Client’s Problems
Authors: Bakhramzhanova N.
Published: March 2023

It is customary to understand individuality as a set of qualities and distinctive properties that express the essence of an individual. In the practice of social work, the individual problem field of clients is caused by various factors, their diversity does not allow for detailed typing and classification. According to foreign studies, the main problems of the clients of the medical social service are related to health problems, childcare, problems of drug addiction and alcoholism, the consequences of post-traumatic stress, accidents, etc.
Forms of Islamic Statehood: Country Diversity
Authors: Amantur uulu E.
Published: March 2023

In the twentieth century a large number of Muslim states gained independence from the former metropolises, in such countries the process of state building was launched with the accompanying formalization of the power structure. The legal systems of modern Islamic states are characterized by the dualism of law. Such specificity lies in the simultaneous coexistence and use of various legal norms that differ from each other in content and nature: the norms of classical law and the norms that were borrowed from foreign systems at one stage or another of historical development. The dual nature allows the legal systems of Islamic states to adapt to the constantly changing and developing economic, social and political environment.
The Crisis of National Culture and Human Identity in the Context of Globalization
Authors: Ikhsanov A.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. National identity includes a complex set of competing models of representation that focus on different ideals and values. In the context of modern globalization, a coherent type of multiple identity is emerging, capable of combining universal principles of democracy with the basic values of local cultures. Largely, globalization has changed the mechanism of constructing subjective identity, abolished its boundaries and created a variety of forms of its representation. Globalization, caused by the change in the ways individuals identify events and phenomena, caused the inefficiency of social institutions, the ephemerality of cultural manifestations, provoked a crisis of meanings, and, consequently, a change in the basic paradigms of individual and society life.
Models of Language Description and Linguocultural Code in Creating Images of the World in Turkic and Russian Languages
Authors: Ergeshbai kyzy M. , Tagaev M. , Temirkulova Y.
Published: March 2023

In the article, against the background of the system-centric paradigm, the features of the anthropocentric model and the linguo-cultural code are considered as an effective tool for creating and understanding national-cultural images that constitute the deep features of the national-cultural identity of languages. The study is based on the materials of the Kyrgyz, Turkish and Russian languages, organized into associative-verbal thematic fields of lexemes with direct meanings, which, as a result of secondary nomination processes, are used in figurative senses and for coding the originality of national-cultural semantics. Such an approach, taking into account the human factor and the historical and cultural identity of the ethnic group, becomes an effective tool for comprehending the national character of ethnic groups.
CRISPRi-mediated characterization of novel anti-tuberculosis targets: Mycobacterial peptidoglycan modifications promote beta-lactam resistance and intracellular survival
Authors: Silveiro Cátia , Marques Mariana , Olivença Francisco , Pires David , Mortinho Diana , Nunes Alexandra , Pimentel Madalena , Anes Elsa , Catalão Maria João
Published: March 2023

The lack of effective therapeutics against emerging multi-drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) prompts the identification of novel anti-tuberculosis targets. The essential nature of the peptidoglycan (PG) layer of the mycobacterial cell wall, which features several distinctive modifications, such as the N-glycolylation of muramic acid and the amidation of D-iso-glutamate, makes it a target of particular interest. To understand their role in susceptibility to beta-lactams and in the modulation of host-pathogen interactions, the genes encoding the enzymes responsible for these PG modifications (namH and murT/gatD, respectively) were silenced in the model organism Mycobacterium smegmatis using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi). Although beta-lactams are not included in TB-therapy, their combination with beta-lactamase inhibitors is a prospective strategy to treat MDR-TB. To uncover synergistic effects between the action of beta-lactams and the depletion of these PG modifications, knockdown mutants were also constructed in strains lacking the major beta-lactamase of M. smegmatis BlaS, PM965 (M. smegmatis ΔblaS1) and PM979 (M. smegmatis ΔblaS1 ΔnamH). The phenotyping assays affirmed the essentiality of the amidation of D-iso-glutamate to the survival of mycobacteria, as opposed to the N-glycolylation of muramic acid. The qRT-PCR assays confirmed the successful repression of the target genes, along with few polar effects and differential knockdown level depending on PAM strength and target site. Both PG modifications were found to contribute to beta-lactam resistance. While the amidation of D-iso-glutamate impacted cefotaxime and isoniazid resistance, the N-glycolylation of muramic acid substantially promoted resistance to the tested beta-lactams. Their simultaneous depletion provoked synergistic reductions in beta-lactam MICs. Moreover, the depletion of these PG modifications promoted a significantly faster bacilli killing by J774 macrophages. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that these PG modifications are highly conserved in a set of 172 clinical strains of Mtb, demonstrating their potential as therapeutic targets against TB. Our results support the development of new therapeutic agents targeting these distinctive mycobacterial PG modifications.
Mechanism of resistance to phagocytosis and pulmonary persistence in mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Rowe Warren J. , Lebman Deborah A. , Ohman Dennis E.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known for its ability to form biofilms, which are dependent on the production of exopolysaccharides. During chronic colonization of the airway and biofilm formation, P. aeruginosa converts to a mucoid phenotype, indicating production of the exopolysaccharide alginate. The mucoid phenotype promotes resistance to phagocytic killing, but the mechanism has not been established.

Methods and Results

To better understand the mechanism of phagocytic evasion conferred by alginate production, Human (THP-1) and murine (MH-S) macrophage cell lines were used to determine the effects of alginate production on macrophage binding, signaling and phagocytosis. Phagocytosis assays using mucoid clinical isolate FRD1 and its non-mucoid algD mutant showed that alginate production inhibited opsonic and non-opsonic phagocytosis, but exogenous alginate was not protective. Alginate caused a decrease in binding to murine macrophages. Blocking antibodies to CD11b and CD14 showed that these receptors were important for phagocytosis and were blocked by alginate. Furthermore, alginate production decreased the activation of signaling pathways required for phagocytosis. Mucoid and non-mucoid bacteria induced similar levels of MIP-2 from murine macrophages.

Discussion

This study demonstrated for the first time that alginate on the bacterial surface inhibits receptor-ligand interactions important for phagocytosis. Our data suggest that there is a selection for alginate conversion that blocks the earliest steps in phagocytosis, leading to persistence during chronic pulmonary infections.
Deaths and disability-adjusted life years of hypertension in China, South Korea, and Japan: A trend over the past 29 years
Authors: Qiu Yan , Ma Junzhuang , Zhu Jiahong , Liu Ying , Ren Wen , Zhang Shuaishuai , Ren Jingjing
Published: March 2023

Background

Hypertension has been confirmed as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death. Few data were analyzed on deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by hypertension in East Asia. We aimed to provide an overview of burden attributable to high blood pressure in China in the past 29 years, compared with those in Japan and South Korea.

Methods

Data were collected from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study on diseases due to high systolic blood pressure (SBP). We retrieved the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and DALYs rate (ASDR) by gender, age, location, and sociodemographic index. The death and DALY trends were evaluated by estimated annual percentage change, with 95% confidence interval.

Findings

Considerable differences were detected in the diseases attributable to high SBP in China, Japan, and South Korea. In 2019, the ASMR and ASDR of diseases due to high SBP in China were 153.34 (126.19, 182.49) per 100,000 population and 2,844.27 (2,391.91, 3,321.12) per 100,000 population, respectively, which was about 3.50-fold of those in another two countries. The elders and males had higher ASMR and ASDR in the three countries. Between 1990 and 2019, the declining trends were less pronounced in China for both the deaths and DALYs.

Conclusions

The deaths and DALYs due to hypertension declined in China, Japan, and South Korea in the past 29 years, with China having the greatest burden.
DiTingMotion: A deep-learning first-motion-polarity classifier and its application to focal mechanism inversion
Authors: Zhao Ming , Xiao Zhuowei , Zhang Miao , Yang Yun , Tang Lin , Chen Shi
Published: March 2023

Accurate P-wave first-motion-polarity (FMP) information can contribute to solving earthquake focal mechanisms, especially for small earthquakes, to which waveform-based methods are generally inapplicable due to the computationally expensive high-frequency waveform simulations and inaccurate velocity models. In this paper, we propose a deep-learning-based method for the automatic determination of the FMPs, named “DiTingMotion”. DiTingMotion was trained with the P-wave FMP labels from the “DiTing” and SCSN-FMP datasets, and it achieved ∼97.8% accuracy on both datasets. The model maintains ∼83% accuracy on data labeled as “Emergent”, of which the FMP labels are challenging to identify for seismic analysts. Integrated with HASH, we developed a workflow for automated focal mechanism inversion using the FMPs identified by DiTingMotion and applied it to the 2019 M 6.4 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence for performance evaluation. In this case, DiTingMotion yields comparable focal mechanism results to that using manually determined FMPs by SCSN on the same data. The results proved that the DiTingMotion has a good generalization ability and broad application prospect in rapid earthquake focal mechanism inversion.
Pharmacological inhibitors of β-cell dysfunction and death as therapeutics for diabetes
Authors: Dalle Stéphane , Abderrahmani Amar , Renard Eric
Published: March 2023

More than 500 million adults suffer from diabetes worldwide, and this number is constantly increasing. Diabetes causes 5 million deaths per year and huge healthcare costs per year. β-cell death is the major cause of type 1 diabetes. β-cell secretory dysfunction plays a key role in the development of type 2 diabetes. A loss of β-cell mass due to apoptotic death has also been proposed as critical for the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Death of β-cells is caused by multiple factors including pro-inflammatory cytokines, chronic hyperglycemia (glucotoxicity), certain fatty acids at high concentrations (lipotoxicity), reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and islet amyloid deposits. Unfortunately, none of the currently available antidiabetic drugs favor the maintenance of endogenous β-cell functional mass, indicating an unmet medical need. Here, we comprehensively review over the last ten years the investigation and identification of molecules of pharmacological interest for protecting β-cells against dysfunction and apoptotic death which could pave the way for the development of innovative therapies for diabetes.
Identification and in vitro functional assessment of 10 CYP2C9 variants found in Chinese Han subjects
Authors: Zhang Qing , Qi Yuying , Wang Shuanghu , Zhao Fangling , Zou Lili , Zhou Quan , Geng Peiwu , Hong Yun , Yang Hang , Luo Qingfeng , Cai Jianping , Wu Hualan , Wang Dongxu , Chen Hao , Yang Jiefu , Dai Dapeng
Published: March 2023

Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) participates in about 15% of clinical drug metabolism, and its polymorphism is associated with individual drug metabolism differences, which may lead to the adverse drug reactions (ADRs). In this study, 1163 Chinese Han individuals were recruited to investigate their distribution pattern of CYP2C9 gene and find out the variants that may affect their drug metabolic activities. We successfully developed a multiplex PCR amplicon sequencing method and used it for the genetic screening of CYP2C9 in a large scale. Besides the wild type CYP2C9*1, totally 26 allelic variants of CYP2C9 were detected, which included 16 previously reported alleles and 10 new non-synonymous variants that had not been listed on the PharmVar website. The characteristics of these newly detected CYP2C9 variants were then evaluated after co-expressing them with CYPOR in S. cerevisiae microsomes. Immunoblot analysis revealed that except for Pro163Ser, Glu326Lys, Gly431Arg and Ile488Phe, most of newly detected variants showed comparable protein expression levels to wild type in yeast cells. Two typical CYP2C9 probe drugs, losartan and glimepiride, were then used for the evaluation of metabolic activities of variants. As a result, 3 variants Thr301Met, Glu326Lys, and Gly431Arg almost lost their catalytic activities and most of other variants exhibited significantly elevated activities for drug metabolism. Our data not only enriches the knowledge of naturally occurring CYP2C9 variants in the Chinese Han population, but also provides the fundamental evidence for its potential clinical usage for personalized medicine in the clinic.
Developmental and reproductive costs of osmoregulation to an aquatic insect that is a key food resource to shorebirds at salt lakes threatened by rising salinity and desiccation
Authors: Herbst David B.
Published: March 2023

Saline lakes worldwide are undergoing drying, and as lake levels fall and areas contract, salinities increase. There is a critical need for data on salinity impacts to guide conservation for recovery of the aquatic productivity that supports migratory and breeding birds that depend on these habitats. Brine flies are key sources of food to these birds and are adapted for life in saline waters owing to their capacity for osmotic regulation. The sublethal effects on growth, development and reproduction were determined in experiments and field observations with the alkali fly Cirrula hians from alkaline lakes of differing salinity. The cost of osmoregulation to fitness from rising salinity was exhibited in slower growth rates of larvae, smaller size at maturity of pupae, reduced adult emergence success, and lower fecundity. The results identify a salinity management range of 25 to 100 g L−1 that would optimize life history traits and productivity of this insect as a food source for birds.
The clusterin connectome: Emerging players in chondrocyte biology and putative exploratory biomarkers of osteoarthritis
Authors: Kovács Patrik , Pushparaj Peter Natesan , Takács Roland , Mobasheri Ali , Matta Csaba
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Clusterin is a moonlighting protein that has many functions. It is a multifunctional holdase chaperone glycoprotein that is present intracellularly and extracellularly in almost all bodily fluids. Clusterin is involved in lipid transport, cell differentiation, regulation of apoptosis, and clearance of cellular debris, and plays a protective role in ensuring cellular survival. However, the possible involvement of clusterin in arthritic disease remains unclear. Given the significant potential of clusterin as a biomarker of osteoarthritis (OA), a more detailed analysis of its complex network in an inflammatory environment, specifically in the context of OA, is required. Based on the molecular network of clusterin, this study aimed to identify interacting partners that could be developed into biomarker panels for OA.

Methods

The STRING database and Cytoscape were used to map and visualize the clusterin connectome. The Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software was used to analyze and study clusterin associated signaling networks in OA. We also analyzed transcription factors known to modulate clusterin expression, which may be altered in OA.

Results

The top hits in the clusterin network were intracellular chaperones, aggregate-forming proteins, apoptosis regulators and complement proteins. Using a text-mining approach in Cytoscape, we identified additional interacting partners, including serum proteins, apolipoproteins, and heat shock proteins.

Discussion

Based on known interactions with proteins, we predicted potential novel components of the clusterin connectome in OA, including selenoprotein R, semaphorins, and meprins, which may be important for designing new prognostic or diagnostic biomarker panels.