bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Parent Child Interaction Therapy on Temper Tantrums in Pre-school
Authors: Setiyowati Eppy , Hanik Umi , Juliasih Ni Njoman , Chanifah Aimmatul
Published: December 2022

Temper tantrum behavior is a child's emotional behavior which is shown by explosive anger and some parents consider this behavior to be bad behavior. Temper tantrums can occur in children aged 3-6 years or more. This literature review aims to determine the impact of PCIT (Parent Child Interaction Therapy) on temper tantrums in preschool. In finding this literature review used four databases (ProQuest, Scopus, Pubmed, and Sains Direct) for the design of the study used cross sectional, True Experimental, Observational and Systematic Reviews published in the last five years. The protocol and evaluation of the literature review used the PRISMA checklist to determine the selection of studies that were found and adapted to the objectives of the literature review. The results of literature review analysis of several parents in group and individual PCIT reported that the application of parent-child-based interventions was proven to be effective and has the potential to bring significant and lasting changes in increasing positive behavior in children with external behavior problems. The frequency of problematic child relationship behavior significantly decreased with increasing age of the child.  In addition, assessing both positive and negative child relationship behavior could assist parents in understanding the relevance of different aspects for the development of parent-child relationships.
The Current State and Prospects for the Use of Herbal Medicines for Wound-Healing and Anti-Inflammatory Action in Kazakhstan: A Literature Review
Authors: Medeshova Aigul , Orazbayeva Perizat , Romanova Ainur , Dildabekova Nuripa , Orazbayev Bekzhan , Ashirbekova Bibigul , Bokenovna Anar
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: As dosage forms, oils, drops, ointments, solutions, films, and suppositories represent phytopreparations for external use. The use of the drug “Kyzyl mai” in clinical practice pursues the achievement of wound-healing (including anti-burn effect), anti-inflammatory, reparative, metabolic, antibacterial, antiviral, and analgesic effects.

AIM: We aimed to analyze the range of soft dosage forms in the form of suppositories with herbal components in their composition, used as anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agents.

METHODS: The design in this study was a literature review article. Search for articles using relevant ones obtained from data based on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar obtained 283 articles.

RESULTS: There are 12 articles that are relevant and discuss their content and use in the health.

CONCLUSION: This review presents new dosage forms have been created – medicinal film “Fiadent,” medicinal film “Normophyt,” medicinal film with Piyavit. On the basis of chamomile extract obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, the optimal composition and technological scheme for the production of anti-inflammatory suppositories for use in proctology have been developed. The article describes a literature review of suppositories of anti-inflammatory action based on essential oil of balsamic poplar buds which have been developed.
Eryngiofaga perrara sp. nov. (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) from Mount Pilatus (Obwalden), a new species of a genus previously unknown from Switzerland or the Alps
Authors: Burckhardt Daniel
Published: December 2022

Eryngiofaga perrarasp. nov. is described, diagnosed and illustrated from two adult specimens found on Mount Pilatus (Switzerland, Obwalden). The new species is morphologically most similar to E. matura (Loginova, 1972), a species from Mongolia, from which it differs in the light genal processes and in details of the terminalia. Eryngiofaga consists of 13 previously described species of which five occur in Central and Western Europe. Up to now, the genus was not known from Switzerland or the Alps. The host plant of E. perrara remains unknown, but Bupleurum ranunculoides L. (Apiaceae) is a likely candidate.
Le mur entre deux fossés
Authors: Roquefère Anne-Sophie
Published: December 2022

Evoquer la modestie, la retenue, n’est-ce pas aussi nommer le doute comme espace de possibles et de flou entre soi et l’autre, et ce qui environne ? Un espace de coexistence de mouvements distincts ? Dans le doute comme dans l’humilité, n’est-on pas agi par cette impression que ce qui fait sens pour soi ne le fait pas nécessairement pour l’autre sans pour autant chercher nécessairement à (s’) imposer ? En l’absence de réserve, de possibilité d’effacement, l’espace semble se réduire, s’accaparer. Il n’y a plus de flou ; tout doit s’entériner. Il ne paraît plus possible d’advenir au contact de…, tout est préalablement constitué. Le texte qui suit s’emploie sans retenue à faire l’éloge du doute et de l’humilité.
An innovative extended Bayesian analysis of the relationship between returns and different risk measures in South Africa
Authors: Dwarika Nitesha
Published: December 2022

This study investigated the All Share Index (ALSI) returns and six different risk measures of the South African market for the sample period from 17 March 2000 to 17 March 2022. The risk measures analyzed were standard deviation (SD), absolute deviation (AD), lower semi absolute deviation (LSAD), lower semivariance (LSV), realized variance (RV) and the bias-adjusted realized variance (ARV). This study made an innovative contribution on a methodological and practical level, by being the first study to extend from the novel Bayesian approach by Jensen and Maheu (2018) to methods by Karabatsos (2017)—density regression, quantile regression and survival analysis. The extensions provided a full representation of the return distribution in relation to risk, through graphical analysis, producing novel insight into the risk-return topic. The most novel and innovative contribution of this study was the application of survival analysis which analyzed the "life" and "death" of the risk-return relationship. From the density regression, this study found that the chance of investors earning a superior return was substantial and that the probability of excess returns increased over time. From quantile regression, results revealed that returns have a negative relationship with the majority of the risk measures—SD, AD, LSAD and RV. However, a positive risk-return relationship was found by LSV and the ARV, with the latter having the steepest slope. Results were the most pronounced for the ARV, especially for the survival analysis. While ARV earned the highest returns, it had the shortest lifespan, which can be attributed to the volatile nature of the South African market. Thus, investors that seek short-term high-earning returns would examine ARV followed by LSV, whereas the remaining risk measures can be used for other purposes, such as diversification purposes or short selling.
Hybrid and Collaborative Networks Approach: Online Learning Integrated Project and Kolb Learning Style in Mechanical Engineering Courses
Authors: Jalinus Nizwardi , Ganefri  , Zaus Mahesi Agni , Wulansari Rizky Ema , Nabawi Rahmat Azis , Hidayat Hendra
Published: December 2022

Engineering education is very important to prepare quality graduates. An alternative hybrid and collaborative networks approach in learning is the current choice. This study aims to explain the online learning integrated project and Kolb learning style in mechanical engineering courses to enhance students' academic achievement which is implemented through a hybrid and collaborative networks approach. The research method used is a quantitative approach with the posttest control group design method. We carry out learning activities using Project and Kolb Learning on higher education students from Mechanical Engineering Education who take part in learning this project. Students who participate are limited to small groups, which are divided according to their learning styles groups, and the implementation is carried out in a hybrid and collaborative through e-learning and face-to-face. Collecting data using Kolb Learning Styles Inventory, and achievement test. While the data analysis used descriptive analysis and one-way Anova with the help of SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that there is a difference in the average academic achievement of students based on the four learning style groups, and the thinker learning style group has the highest average academic achievement among the four. The selection of appropriate learning styles and learning models has an impact on optimal and effective academic achievement.
How to Handle a Manuscript Rejection?
Authors: Kalayarasan Raja , Murugesan Chandrasekar
Published: December 2022

Biomedical researchers desire recognition of their scientific work as a publication in a reputed journal. On the other hand, editors who intend to bring quality work to their readers scrutinize the manuscripts through many checks and peer-review processes. Hence, manuscript rejection is a common phenomenon, and every researcher will have to experience it in their academic career. The manuscript could be rejected at the editor's desk level without peer review or after peer review by experts in the field. Understanding the common reasons for rejection at various levels would help to approach manuscript rejection effectively. The present article aims to provide an overview of the manuscript evaluation process and tips for handling manuscript rejection effectively so that the research work is eventually published.
Morphological and functional retinal changes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration treated with intravitreal bevacizumab
Authors: Damkondwar Deepali R , Srinivasan Ramyaa , Raman Rajiv , Kulothungan Vaitheeswaran , Sharma Tarun
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

This study was conducted to determine the morphological and functional retinal changes in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with intravitreal bevacizumab 1.25 mg.

Methods:

This was a prospective, nonrandomized, interventional study. Eighteen eyes of 18 subjects with nAMD were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg) injection. Subjects underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation which included visual acuity, slitlamp examination, tonometry, binocular ophthalmoscopy, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and MP1 microperimetry before the intravitreal injection and the follow-up at 1 and 3 months. Test of significance such as Chi-squared test, paired ttest and oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA) linear trend were used to compare the pre- and post-anti-VEGF outcomes. Intraclass correlation was done to assess the intra observer variability.

Results:

Mean retinal sensitivity had increased from 3.77 ± 3.13 dB at baseline to 4.93 ± 2.42 dB at 3 months (P = 0.05). Visual acuity improved from 0.62 ± 0.36 at baseline to 0.52 ± 0.36 at 1 month and 0.48 ± 0.34 at 3-month followup, but overall change was not significant (P = 0.40). There was a significant reduction in central foveal thickness (CFT) from 274.61 ± 117.95 at baseline to 179.83 ± 84.18 at 1 month and 179.00 ± 126.55 at 3-month follow-up (P = 0.013).

Conclusion:

Intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg) injection in nAMD improves retinal function, quantified by retinal sensitivity, scotoma characteristics, fixation stability by MP 1 microperimetry and morphological parameters quantified by CFT in SDOCT. These changes show the effectiveness of treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab in nAMD.
Clinical outcome and course of Tenon’s patch graft in corneal perforation and descemetocele
Authors: Kusumesh Rakhi , Ambastha Anita , Singh Ankita , Kumari Divya , Mohan Nilesh , Sinha Bibhuti P , Arya Lalan K
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

To assess the efficacy and clinical outcome of Tenon’s patch graft (TPG) in corneal perforation and descemetocele.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, medical records of 83 patients (85 eyes) who underwent TPG for corneal perforation (58, 68%) or descemetocele (27, 32%) between July 2018 and October 2021 were reviewed. Clinical examination and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) were performed on every follow-up visit. Anatomical success was considered as the restoration of the structural integrity with the formation of scar and anterior chamber (AC).

Results:

The mean size of the corneal lesions (corneal perforation or descemetocele) was 4.20 ± 1.01 mm. The mean follow-up period was 9.2 ± 5.48 months. The common underlying etiologies were infectious keratitis in 48% and autoimmune disorders in 35% of cases. TPG successfully restored the globe integrity in 74 (87%) eyes (83% in perforation and 96% in descemetocele). Anatomical failure occurred in 11 eyes (13%). The failures were due to graft dehiscence (8 eyes), graft ectasia (1 eye), and scarring with flat AC (2 eyes). The median time to epithelialization and scar formation were 3 and 15 weeks, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed few predictors for a successful outcome: descemetoceles, noninfective causes, viral keratitis in infectious etiology, and paracentral or peripheral lesions.

Conclusion:

TPG can be considered an effective and inexpensive treatment for restoring the structural integrity in the eyes with perforations and descemetoceles, particularly when the donor tissue is unavailable. AS-OCT is a valuable noninvasive tool for monitoring the graft status.
“Trigger happy” visual field: Ten pointers
Authors: Mansoori Tarannum
Published: December 2022

Background:

While performing the visual field test, some patients press the response button, at random and not in response to seeing a stimulus, resulting in a classical trigger happy visual field.

Purpose:

This can be identified by 10 pointers as shown in this single field analysis printout of Humphrey visual field (HVF), 24-2, Swedish interactive threshold algorithm (SITA) standard test of the right eye. These points are useful teaching points for the students to recognize.

Synopsis:

The video describes classical 10 points, which can be identified in an HVF 24-2 printout in a patient with high false-positive (FP) error.

Highlights:

The FP index is the most useful of the reliability indices. In SITA strategy, the FP rate is based upon the assessment of patient’s reaction time over the entire course of the test, and hence is not calculated until the test is completed. Therefore, it is important for the perimetrist to be alert to recognize the signs early during the test, such as high fixation los s (despite good fixation as seen on screen monitor) and unusually high retinal sensitivity values (up to 50 dB), and reinstruct the patient. If the test is completed, it should be repeated. This is important as the FP rates >15% are associated with compromised test results and are automatically removed from the glaucoma progression analysis.

Video link:

https://youtu.be/UMVw2vkzdfQ

Key word: HVF, False positive, white scotoma
Three-piece intraocular lens in the sulcus with optic capture in patients with mild to moderate zonular weakness in exfoliation
Authors: Bhaskaran Jayaprasad , Narayanan Smita , Balamurali Rani
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

To study the use of sulcus placement of a 3-piece intraocular lens (IOL) with optic capture in patients with exfoliation with zonular weakness.

Methods:

Data on all exfoliation patients who had direct or indirect evidence of zonular weakness and had a 3-piece IOL implanted in the sulcus with optic capture over a 5-year period between January 2017 and January 2022 were included in this retrospective case series.

Results:

The study comprised of 35 eyes of 35 patients. The mean age at surgery of the 20 male and 13 female patients was 75.21 years ± 5.74 (standard deviation (SD)). The mean pupillary diameter was 5.77 ± 2.23 mm (range: 10 to 3 mm). A capsular tension ring (CTR) was used in 17 cases and iris hooks as a pupil-expanding device were used in 15 cases. No patients had an increase in inflammation after surgery and there were no late subluxation or dislocation of “in the bag” posterior chamber IOL or major complications. There was a significant improvement in visual acuity.

Conclusion:

The sulcus placement of 3-piece IOL with optic capture is the ideal technique in patients with clinical or intraoperative evidence of mild to moderate zonular weakness. It may also be more appropriate in relatively younger patients (in the fifties or sixties) with exfoliation with no overt zonulopathy to prevent late subluxation or dislocation of “in the bag” IOL.
Snowball-associated ocular injury – An unusual presentation
Authors: Sanjay Srinivasan , Durgalaxmi Modak
Published: December 2022

Background:

Snow ball associated ocular injuries are rare. We present the 1st case of a snow ball injury reported in India with symptoms occurring after 10 days.

Purpose:

To highlight the fact that symptoms can occur many days after the injury. The injuries can cause structural damage to ocular structures and can be permanent.

Synopsis:

A 25-year-old Asian Indian female presented with increased redness and blurring of vision of a day’s duration. She had been playing in the snow and had an apparent injury to the right eye 10 days earlier. She had no symptoms at that point of time. Her uncorrected visual acuity by Snellen’s chart was 20/20 in both the eyes. Intraocular pressure was normal in both the eyes. On evaluation of the right eye she had traumatic anterior uveitis and mydriasis and the left eye was normal. There was no evidence of posterior segment involvement. She was treated with topical steroids and her anterior chamber inflammation improved but she had persistent mydriasis with no effect on her near vision. She was subsequently lost to follow after a month.

Highlights:

Rare case of ocular injury caused by a hurtling snow ball. Demonstration of anterior chamber inflammation with a video Infrared video imaging of the pupil in bright and dark showing anisocoria worse in bright light. Protective goggles are a must while indulging in these activities.

Video link:

https://youtu.be/FpLbPTVg5Rk

Key words: Snow ball, Ocular injury, Traumatic anterior uveitis, Traumatic mydriasis, Infrared imaging
Modified Supportive Simple Limbal Epithelial Transplantation (M-SLET): A surgical technique modified for limbal stem cell deficiency
Authors: Datar Sameer G , Godse Gayatri N
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to develop and modify the surgical technique of simple limbal epithelial transplantation in patients with limbal stem cell deficiency to provide support to epithelial explants during the post-operative period. This is a case series of five eyes of five patients who underwent modified supportive simple limbal epithelial transplantation (M-SLET) surgery. The health and stability of the ocular surface were assessed based on clinical slit lamp examination; they were the main outcome measures. All patients had a stable ocular surface and healed epithelium during all the follow-up visits. The M-SLET technique provides additional support to limbal epithelial explants, adhering to the cornea, thus creating a stable epithelial surface. This is particularly important when there is a risk of explants being dislodged by eye rubbing.
Dysthyroid optic neuropathy: Demographics, risk factors, investigations, and management outcomes
Authors: Poonam Nisar Sonam , Alam Md. Shahid , Oberoi Prashant , Mukherjee Bipasha
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

To analyze the clinical presentations, risk factors, and management outcomes in patients presenting with dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON).

Methods:

This is a retrospective, single-center study carried out on consecutive patients presenting with DON over a period of 4 years (2013–2016). The VISA classification was used at the first visit and subsequent follow-ups. The diagnosis was based on optic nerve function tests and imaging features. Demographic profiles, clinical features, risk factors, and management outcomes were analyzed.

Results:

Thirty-seven eyes of 26 patients diagnosed with DON were included in the study. A significant male preponderance was noted (20, 76.92%). Twenty patients (76.9%, P = 0.011) had hyperthyroidism, and 15 (57.69%, P = 0.02) were smokers. Decreased visual acuity was noted in 28 eyes (75.6%). Abnormal color vision and relative afferent pupillary defects were seen in 24 (64.86%) eyes, and visual field defects were seen in 30 (81.01%) eyes. The visual evoked potential (VEP) showed a reduced amplitude in 30 (96.77%, P = 0.001) of 31 eyes and delayed latency in 20 (64.51%, P = 0.0289) eyes. Twenty-six (70.27%) patients were treated with intravenous methyl prednisolone (IVMP) alone, whereas 11 (29.72%) needed surgical decompression. The overall best-corrected visual acuity improved by 0.2 l logMARunits. There was no statistically significant difference in outcome between medically and surgically treated groups. Four patients developed recurrent DON, and all of them were diabetics.

Conclusion:

Male gender, hyperthyroid state, and smoking are risk factors for developing DON. VEP, apical crowding, and optic nerve compression are sensitive indicators for diagnosing DON. Diabetics may have a more defiant course and are prone to develop recurrent DON.
Bilateral choroidal effusion following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 virus
Authors: Arthi M , Dabir Supriya , Khatri Manoj , Rajan Mohan
Published: December 2022

An 80-year-old systemically stable female presented with sudden blurring of vision post the first dose of Covishield™, a non-replicating viral vector vaccine. On examination, she was found to have bilateral serous choroidal effusions. A thorough systemic and ocular workup was performed to rule out other causes of choroidal effusion. The effusions resolved with tapering doses of oral and systemic steroids. To the best of our knowledge, at the time of submission, this is the first case of choroidal effusion being reported after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine.
Approaches to epilepsy treatment among Yoruba traditional healers in southwest Nigeria
Authors: Ademilokun Tosin Funmi , Agunbiade Ojo Melvin
Published: December 2022

Traditional Yoruba medical practitioners are known for taking a holistic and specific approach to treating chronic diseases and illnesses, which may have implications for treatment efficacy and therapeutic outcomes. This study explores the therapeutic measures used by Yoruba traditional healers in managing clients who have epilepsy. Based on a qualitative descriptive case study approach, traditional healers with the requisite experience in treating epilepsy were recruited within two Yoruba communities in southwestern Nigeria. A snowball sampling technique guided the recruitment of 24 traditional healers for face-to-face interviews. All the audio-taped interviews were transcribed and translated into English in a back-to-back approach and analysed thematically with the support of Atlasti 8. It was stated by the traditional healers that divination is the first procedure in the treatment of epilepsy. Divination reveals aetiology, dictates the treatment approach and therapies for each case, and also assists healers in protecting themselves and their significant others from being afflicted with epilepsy. Findings revealed that, as a complex illness, epilepsy could sometimes occur in the life of an individual as an affliction. Thereafter, appeasements, sacrifices, spiritual baths, and concoctions would be introduced on a case-by-case basis. Animals and plant materials also formed parts of the contents used in making potent treatments or therapeutic remedies. Epilepsy is treated among traditional Yoruba healers using different approaches depending on the aetiology of the case and their divination of what works well for an individual. Internal regulations of traditional medicine are required to ensure the legitimacy of treatments and therapies and protect people living with epilepsy from exploitation.
A Model Theory for the Potential Infinite
Authors: Eberl Matthias
Published: December 2022

We present the model theoretic concepts that allow mathematics to be developed with the notion of the potential infinite instead of the actual infinite. The potential infinite is understood as a dynamic notion, being an indefinitely extensible finite. The main adoption is the interpretation of the universal quantifier, which has an implicit reection principle. Each universal quantification refers to an indefinitely large, but finite set. The quantified sets may increase, so after a reference by quantification, a further reference typically uses a larger, still finite set. We present the concepts for classical first-order logic and show that these dynamic models are sound and complete with respect to the usual inference rules. Moreover, a finite set of formulas requires a finite part of the increasing model for a correct interpretation.
A Maximality Theorem for Continuous First Order Theories
Authors: Ackerman Nathanael , Karker Mary Leah
Published: December 2022

In this paper we prove a Lindström like theorem for the logic consisting of arbitrary Boolean combinations of first order sentences. Specifically we show the logic obtained by taking arbitrary, possibly infinite, Boolean combinations of first order sentences in countable languages is the unique maximal abstract logic which is closed under finitary Boolean operations, has occurrence number ω1, has the downward Lüowenheim-Skolem property to ωand the upward Lüowenheim-Skolem property to uncountability, and contains all complete first order theories in countable languages as sentences of the abstract logic. We will also show a similar result holds in the continuous logic framework of [5], i.e. we prove a Lindström like theorem for the abstract continuous logic consisting of Boolean combinations of first order closed conditions. Specifically we show the abstract continuous logic consisting of arbitrary Boolean combinations of closed conditions is the unique maximal abstract continuous logic which is closed under approximate isomorphisms on countable structures, is closed under finitary Boolean operations, has occurrence number ω1, has the downward Lüowenheim-Skolem property toω, the upward Lüowenheim-Skolem property to uncountability and contains all first order theories in countable languages as sentences of the abstract logic.
Prawnik jako tłumacz. O metaforycznym rozumieniu eksperckiego charakteru zawodów prawniczych
Authors: Skuczyński Paweł
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest wyjaśnienie charakteru zawodów prawniczych jako eksperckich. W szczególności podjęta została próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, na czym w przypadku tych zawodów polega rola społeczna wymagająca zastosowania abstrakcyjnej wiedzy do konkretnych przypadków. Punktem wyjścia do rozważań są teorie społeczne ujmujące tę rolę jako pośredniczenie oraz integrowanie struktury społecznej. Następnie, przy pomocy metodologii metafory kognitywnej, charakterystyka ta została doprecyzowana poprzez zestawienie z innego rodzaju działalnością ekspercką, tj. translacją. Dzięki temu wskazane zostały praktyczne problemy w pracy prawnika związane z pośredniczeniem w strukturze społecznej między abstrakcyjną wiedzą o prawie a rozwiązywaniem jednostkowych problemów prawnych. Problemy te scharakteryzowane zostały przede wszystkim jako trudności w posługiwaniu się różnymi językami przez instytucje oraz obywateli.

Lawyer as a Translator. On the Metaphorical Understanding of the Expert Nature of Legal Professions

The purpose of this article is to clarify the nature of legal professions as experts. In particular, an attempt has been made to answer the question of what, in the case of these professions, is the social role that requires the application of abstract knowledge to specific cases. The starting point for consideration is social theories that see this role as a mediation and integration of the social structure. Next, using the methodology of cognitive metaphor, this characterization is further clarified by juxtaposing it with another type of expert activity, i.e., translation. Thus, practical problems were identified in the work of a lawyer, related to mediating in the social structure between abstract knowledge of law and solving individual legal problems. These problems were characterized primarily as difficulties in the use of different languages by institutions and citizens.
Prawo do korzystania z pomocy obrońcy w świetle orzecznictwa Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka
Authors: Zagrodnik Jarosław
Published: December 2022

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza standardu prawa oskarżonego do korzystania z profesjonalnej pomocy prawnej, wypracowanego w orzecznictwie Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka. Jej celem jest zobrazowanie szerokiego rozumienia tego prawa przez Trybunał, które znajduje oparcie nie tylko w jego esencjonalnych składnikach treściowych, ale również w jego powiązaniu z zasadą rzetelnego procesu. Przybliżeniu w ten sposób podlega zakres podmiotowy i przedmiotowy prawa oskarżonego do korzystania z pomocy obrońcy, kwestia zrzeczenia się tego prawa, przesłanki wyznaczenia obrońcy z urzędu oraz kryteria realizacji standardu gwarancyjnego, który z tego prawa wynika. Puentę stanowi kilka refleksji wynikających z zestawienia „konwencyjnego” standardu prawa do korzystania z pomocy obrońcy z jego uregulowaniem w polskim porządku prawnym.

The right to the assistance of the defense counsel in the light of the European Court of Human Rights case law

The article analyzes the standard of the accused’s right to enjoy professional legal assistance as developed in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. Its purpose is to illustrate the Court’s broad understanding of this right, which is supported not only by its essential substantive components but also in its connection to the principle of a fair trial. It highlights the subjective and objective scopes of the accused’s right to the assistance of the defense counsel as well as the question of the waiver of this right, the prerequisites for appointment of the public defender, and the criteria for the implementation of the guarantee standard arising from this right. In the conclusion, the author presents several reflections resulting from the juxtaposition of the “conventional” standard of the right to the assistance of the defense counsel with its implementation in the Polish legal order.
Suspension of activities conducted in the form of a law firm of attorney-at-law in connection with taking care of a person with disabilities
Authors: Małysa-Sulińska Katarzyna , Wujczyk Marcin
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes normative regulations relating to the possibility of establishing the right to a benefit for a caregiver of a person with disabilities in the case of suspension of business activity conducted by an attorney-at-law. It outlines how to practice law as an attorney-at-law, suspend activities conducted in the form of a law firm of attorney-at-law, as well as types of benefits for a caregiver of a person with disabilities, and the premises determining those benefits.
Air Quality Index through Inverse Evaluation of Hazard Quotient for Public Indoor Facilities - schools, child daycare centers and elderly nursing homes
Authors: Kim Do Yun , Kwoun Jiyou , Lee Tae Jung , Jo Young Min
Published: December 2022

Indoor air quality indices (IAQI-S, IAQI-C and IAQI-E) were developed to manage air quality in public facilities for vulnerable groups such as schools, child daycare centers, and elderly nursing homes, respectively. In this study, hazard quotient (HQ) was first designated, then the concentrations of each pollutant were calculated by adding the exposure factor of residents. The presented index was more stringent than comprehensive air quality index (CAI) for outdoor atmosphere. Also, composite indices that integrate individual indices for each pollutant were developed for quick and convenient recognition of the current air quality by administration officers or teachers and to take remedial actions. Among all data collected in field measurements, 75.4%, 71.2% and 35.6% were classified as ‘Good’ or ‘Moderate’ in school classrooms, child daycare centers and elderly nursing homes, respectively
An Evaluation of the Knowledge Level of Nurses and Midwives Working in Family Health Centers about Child Abuse and Neglect
Authors: KABAKOĞLU Hacer , TAMBAĞ Hatice
Published: December 2022

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the level of knowledge and awareness of nurses and midwives, who have an important role in the diagnosis and prevention of child abuse and neglect.
Material and Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 51 family health centers located in the central district of Antakya and Defne in Hatay province between 2017-2018. In data collection, a introductory information form consisting of 20 questions determining the sociodemographic characteristics of nurses and midwives, and a " Diagnosis Scale of the Risk and Symptoms of Child Abuse and Neglect" consisting of 67 questions were used.
Results: The results showed that 27.6% of the midwives and nurses who encountered cases did not report them Average scale scores showed that nurses’ and midwives’ scale mean scores were affected by the variables such as encountering cases of child neglect and child abuse throughout their professional life, recognizing child neglect-abuse, and being knowledgeable about the law (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result, it was observed that the knowledge of nurses and midwives on child abuse was slightly above the average. This situation is not sufficient for nurses who are health professionals.
Roman frontier crossing Mocanului Valley
Authors:   Muzeul Naţional de Istorie a României, Teodor Eugen S. , Haită Constantin , Ştefan Dan ,   Muzeul Naţional al Carpaţilor Răsăriteni
Published: December 2022

Several years ago, within Limes Transalutanus Project (2014-2017), we dealt with several segments of the Roman limes in Teleorman County. Briefly, that meant aerial and terrestrial survey, geologic sampling and geophysics, in most of the cases. The old renditions of the frontier line, as being a rampart without a ditch, were intriguing and unusual, thus they had to be checked in the field, including by test digging. One spot chosen for a complex investigation was located several kilometres south of Roşiorii de Vede, along Mocanului Valley, where the most common traits of a Roman border (a tower, the frontier palisade and segments of the road) were present and relatively well preserved. The test excavation confirmed the fact that the frontier obstacle was made by a large palisade and the defensive ditch was missing. The Roman road has been also sectioned, having the expected width and bulgy shape, being made, however, entirely of clay, as the stone is absent in the plain. The watchtower is rather large, relatively far from the palisade, and had been strongly burned, as well as the palisade. Such objectives, located in a close range, illustrate the typical parts of a late frontier setup.
Problems in the archaeological study of Medieval Bilhorod and its ceramics (based on the excavations of one of the pottery workshop)
Authors:   CNRS UMR 5138 ‘Archéologie et Archéométrie’, Lyon, France, Teslenko Iryna , Myronenko Liudmyla ,   National Academy of Science of Ukrainian, Institute of Archaeology, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2022

The medieval city and fortress built on the ruins of ancient Tyras at the mouth of the Dniester (the territory of modern Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi, Ukraine) are among the key archaeological sites of the Northern Black Sea region of the late Byzantine and Ottoman times. Despite the long term of excavation in the site and the large explored area, the chronology of its cultural layers and ceramics from them, as well as the declared origin of some groups of the pottery cause reasonable doubts. That is why the re-examination of ‘old’ excavation data from the perspective of new achievements of medieval archaeology and ceramology in the Northern Black Sea region is the focus of our study. The article analyses in detail the excavation materials in the area of one of the pottery workshops, which from 1970s were considered as a reference for dating the construction periods of a medieval settlement outside the fortress walls. The study of the archival documentation and ceramic collections allowed us to find out that the cessation of the activity of the pottery workshop dates back to the second half of the 15th century and not to the beginning of the 14th century as has been regarded before. So subsequent dwellings and other constructions were built, accordingly, more than 100 years later than previously thought. Hence we have obtained a strong case for significantly correcting the chronology of the cultural horizons of medieval Bilhorod. Moreover, it become possible to clarify ideas about ceramic production and the historical topography of the city, as well as to outline the topical questions for future research.
A Review on Real-Time Traffic Sign Recognition with Voice Warnings
Authors: Wangikar Harsh , Surana Priya , Sawant Prakash , Labde Napul , Shah Akshat
Published: December 2022

Road signs are essential for providing information to drivers. Understanding road signs are essential for ensuring traffic safety because doing so can stop 4484 accidents. The identification of traffic signs has been the focus of research in recent decades. Accurate real-time recognition is the cornerstone of a robust but underdeveloped traffic sign recognition system. This study provides drivers with real-time voice-advice traffic sign recognition technology. This system is composed of two subsystems. Using a trained convolutional neural network, the first recognizes and detects traffic signs (CNN). When the system notices a particular traffic sign, the text-to-speech engine is employed to play a voice message to the driver. An efficient- CNN model is built on the reference data set using deep learning methods for search and real-time search. This system's advantage is that it recognizes traffic signs and guides the car even if the driver overlooks, ignores, or doesn't understand them. Say. These technologies are also necessary for the development of autonomous vehicles.
„DONATIO ANTE (PROPTER) NUPTIAS“
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Vladetic Srdjan
Published: December 2022

Donatio ante (propter) nuptias presents the assets that husband, or someone else on his behalf, has given, as a present, to a wife, before or in the purposes of marriage, that will enable her existence in the cases where marriage no longer lasts. In this work origins and development of this specific form of present will be presented, since postclassical law until Iustinian's legislatation and its legal regulation that will show graduate closing and equalizing with institute of dowry which, at the end, resulted in changing of the name - donatio propter nupitas.
LjUDSKA PRAVA U ERI COVID19 – REPUBLIKA SRBIJA I ESLjP
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Đorđević Srđan
Published: December 2022

The paper analyzes the concept of human rights under the challenges of the COVID19 pandemic. The collision of two principles, the principle of public health on the one hand and human rights on the other, contributed to various interpretations and examples from practice. Accordingly, the space R is observed. Serbia. The way in which human rights are limited by the decisions of the state administration is subject to critical observation. At the same time, the social turmoil and protests that erupted not only in Serbia, but throughout the world, are proof that there was no unified attitude and understanding of the challenging pandemic situation. The views of the European Court of Human Rights are also being observed on that track. In addition to the short period of time, there are already judgments of the ECtHR that can indicate the current positions of the practice.
Perceived Effects of Climate Change on Poultry Egg Production in Rivers State Nigeria
Authors: AROYEHUN Adeyinka
Published: December 2022

The study assessed the effects of climate change on poultry egg production in Rivers State, Nigeria. A total of 120 poultry egg farmers were randomly selected through questionnaire and interview schedule. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tools were used for data analysis. Result of the socio-economic characteristics revealed that majorities (60.8%) of the poultry farmers were males, 80.8% were married, and 61.6% had tertiary education. Also from findings, the majority (67.5%) of the poultry farmers were aware that high temperature, increase in rainfall (86.7%), erratic rainfall pattern (71.7%), decrease in relative humidity (55.8%) and flooding of poultry farms (71.7%) has harmful effects on poultry egg production. More so, the perceived effects of climate on egg production include high rate of diseases and parasites incidence, soft egg shell formation, low quantity and quality of egg production, high costs of poultry production activities, reduction in feed and water intake, and increase in poultry bird mortality. Results also revealed that television, radio, social media and fellow poultry farmers were their main sources of information on climate change. The result of Chi-square also revealed that education attainment and marital status of poultry farmers were significant at 5% used in controlling the effects of climate change, because married farmers have family labour capacity to build adaptive strategies. It is therefore commended that poultry farmers should be adequately informed on the best operating systems to minimize the harmful effect of climate change on poultry egg production as well as ensure optimum level of poultry egg production.
An Analysis of Factors Affecting the Professionalism of Public Accountants: Perceptions of Accounting Students (Survey of Accounting Study Program Students)
Authors:   Lecturer Slamet Riyadi University Surakarta, Kristianto Djoko , Harimurti Fadjar ,   Lecturer Slamet Riyadi University Surakarta
Published: December 2022

The profession should pay more attention to the professional ethics and morals that form the basis of how they do their work. The accountant must fully adhere to a set of moral and ethical standards because they are crucial for the execution of their task. This study attempts to ascertain accounting students’ perceptions of how they comprehend the Financial Accounting Standards (SAK) and Moral Ethics of Professional Public Accountants (SPAP) on the Professionalism of Public Accountants. In order for all members of the profession to carry out their duties to the best standards possible, it is intended that the results of this study would reveal the respondents’ level of moral ethics comprehension. The population in this study consisted of 98 accounting students who had undergone auditing/auditing accounting courses, 50 from the economics faculty of the Unisri Accounting study program and 48 from the economics faculty of the accounting study program at Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. While the sampling approach utilized is judgment sampling or taking research samples based on considerations, such as students who have attended auditing courses. According to the panel’s findings, students from the economics department specializing in accounting believe that moral and ethical forces influence the professionalism of public accountants in carrying out their profession. However, ethics and morality are not sufficient in and of itself; they must be combined with good comprehension, competence, and accountability in understanding public accounting professional standards (SPAP) and financial accounting standards (SAK). It is proved that ethics and morals affect the professionalism of public accountants with a significance value of 0.41, while the understanding of public accounting professional standards has effect on the variable of public accounting professionalism with a significance value of 0.36 and the variable of understanding of financial accounting standards on the professionalism of public accountants with a significance value of 0.14. Thus, simultaneously, it shows that these three variables have an effect on the professionalism of public accountants.
Utilization of Concept Mapping Technique on Students’ Performance in Science
Authors:   Tagoloan National High School, Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines, Cabiling Neil Ian G. , Magday Ehlrich Ray J. ,   Science Education Department, College of Education, Central Mindanao University, Bukidnon, Philippines
Published: December 2022

Determination of the effects of concept mapping technique on students’ performance in Grade 9 Science of one public high school in Bukidnon, Philippines was the main objective of this study. Specifically, it aimed to (1) describe the level of students’ performance in science as exposed to concept mapping technique (CMT) and those exposed to non- concept mapping technique (non-CMT); and (2) find out significant difference between student’s performance in science when exposed to CMT and those exposed to non-CMT. A quasi-experimental research design was utilized involving two sections. Findings of the study revealed that students exposed to concept mapping technique “did not meet expectation” in the pretest and have “fairly satisfactory” result in the post-test while those who were exposed to non-concept mapping technique “did not meet expectation” in both pretest and post-test. Performance of students exposed to CMT were significantly higher than those exposed to non-CMT. Concept Mapping Technique may be utilized in science classes to further enhance the academic performance of students.