bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BẤT THƯỜNG CỦA HÀM LƯỢNG CHLOROPHYLL TẦNG MẶT TẠI VÙNG BIỂN VEN BỜ NAM TRUNG BỘ VIỆT NAM LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN HIỆN TƯỢNG ENSO
Authors: Tac Vu Van , Hai Doan Nhu
Published: June 2018

The studies on the impact of the ENSO phenomenon on climate and environment change have shown that the Bien Dong (Southeast Asia Sea) is strongly influenced by this phenomenon. This paper focuses on analyzing sea surface chlorophyll concentration data in the coastal marine area of Vietnam South Centre from MODIS satellite images of National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US NASA). The analysis results have shown that there is no obvious difference of the chlorophyll anomaly index between El Niño and neutral years. However, in La Niña years the chlorophyll anomaly index is greatly varied and generally inversely proportional to the ONI index, which means chlorophyll anomaly index rises while ONI index falls. The impact has made chlorophyll in summer and autumn of La Niña years higher by 0.22 - 0.38 mg/m3 in comparison with other years. In terms of trends, chlorophyll concentration in the Vietnam South Central Coast fluctuates according to the seasons and months. The average chlorophyll concentration usually reaches its maximum value in the Autumn (Sep. - Nov.), then decreases in the Winter (Dec. - Feb.) and usually reaches the minimum value in the Spring (Mar. - May), then rises gradually in the Summer (June - Aug.). The above results have contributed to improving understanding of the impact of the climatic vagaries on the coastal marine area of Vietnam South Centre, supported scientists and managers in proposing measures to prevent, avoid efficiently, limit and mitigate the damage caused by ENSO, and in having reasonable alternatives in the protection of biodiversity as well as environment in the coastal marine area of Vietnam South Centre. It could be considered as a “small piece” of the overall picture of the impacts of the ENSO phenomenon on global climate change.
TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA CÁC ĐIỀU KIỆN SÓNG ĐẾN ĐẶC ĐIỂM VẬN CHUYỂN BÙN CÁT VÀ BIẾN ĐỘNG ĐỊA HÌNH ĐÁY VÙNG CỬA SÔNG VEN BIỂN HẢI PHÒNG
Authors: Vinh Vu Duy , Lan Tran Dinh
Published: June 2018

The model system for the Hai Phong coastal area was set up based on the wave climate condition between 1992-2014 and the MORFAC (the morphological acceleration factor) method in the Delft3D model. The model results of more than 50 separate simulated scenarios show the role of each wave interval and direction on characteristics of sediment transport and morphological change in the studied area. In the case of without wave, sediments from the river settle and create deposition zone in river mouths. When the wave height increases, the erosion/deposition and sediment transport in the coastal zone increase. Due to the influence of the hydrodynamics and sediment transport, the erosion/deposition rate in the dry season is higher than that in the rainy season. The morphology strongly change in the depth less than 5 - 6 m with the rate of 20 - 50 mm/year. In the water zone of over 6 m, the morphology relatively stable and reflects an accretion trend with the rate of 10 - 20 mm/year. The simulation results also show an accretion trend in the Hai Phong coastal area. It may be a consequence of the decrease in the number of big typhoons impacted on this area in the last 20 years.
Occurrence of Capillaria sp. in the liver of sheep (Ovis aries ) in a slaughterhouse in the state of Acre, Brazil
Authors: Teixeira Paulo Eduardo Ferlini , Corrêa Christiane Leal , Oliveira Fernanda Bittencourt de , Alencar Alba Cristina Miranda de Barros , Neves Leandro Batista das , Garcia Daniel Daipert , Almeida Fernanda Barbosa de , Pereira Luis Cláudio Muniz , Machado-Silva José Roberto , Rodrigues-Silva Rosângela
Published: June 2018

Abstract Although sheep farming has grown in the state of Acre over the past four decades, little is known about occurrences of helminthiases in the herds of this region. The objective of the study was to assess the occurrences of non-intestinal helminthiasis among sheep slaughtered in Rio Branco. A total of 110 sheep livers were inspected from two slaughter batches (july 2014 and march 2015) in a slaughterhouse in Rio Branco. Livers with macroscopic lesions were photographed and were then subjected to histopathological analysis under an optical microscope. The macroscopic lesions showed small nodes with inflammatory characteristics and areas of fibrosis, which appeared to be calcified, thus suggesting a granulomatous reaction. Of the 110 evaluated livers, we noticed 110 nodules in total; these nodules have an average size of 0.5 cm. The histopathological analysis showed alterations to the architecture of the hepatic lobe, with multiple foci of necrosis and polymorphonuclear cells. Two samples revealed the presence of helminths from Nematode class and Capillaria sp. eggs identified by the typical morphology and morphometry. This seems to be the first report of Capillaria sp. in sheep livers in Brazil, and it serves as an important alert regarding animal health surveillance and control and regarding the Capillaria sp. zoonotic role in humans.
Fábrica do Paleão: structural assessment of iron in Portugal’s industrial heritage
Authors: Krichko Kori , Valente Isabel B
Published: June 2018

Fábrica do Paleão was erected as a flagship textile factory in Portugal between 1888 and 1891. The factory was constructed with a sawtooth roof supported by iron trusses, allowing light open spaces to accommodate heavy machinery and promote industrial activity. With the aim of preserving this exemplary representative of industrial heritage in Portugal, this work seeks to establish the buildings’ historical significance and assess their structural adequacy for present and future uses. After performing a global historical survey and visual inspection, this study focused on the main industrial spaces. An in-depth visual inspection provided key geometric and material parameters as well as a damage assessment. Damage mapping revealed the effects of moisture throughout the structure, which is caused by the lack of maintenance in recent years. To assess the impact of the damages and obtain key parameters for a further structural and safety analysis, in situ tests were performed on the cast-iron columns. The columns were tested for hardness, and comparison to known values indicates that they align with ordinary to high-strength cast iron. A representative single frame was modelled for each of the two main rooms, and a safety analysis was performed to assess the structure’s safety.
Fatty acid-based methacrylate polymers as viscosity modifiers for mineral oils
Authors: Lomège Juliette , Negrell Claire , Robin Jean-Jacques , Lapinte Vincent , Caillol Sylvain
Published: June 2018

In this work, partially biobased methacrylate polymers with various fatty acid side chains were used as efficient polymeric viscosity modifiers for mineral paraffinic oil (MPO). Firstly, oleic, palmitic, myristic and lauric acids were functionalized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate by Steglich esterification to provide suitable monomers for radical polymerization. The resulting monomer from oleic acid (2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl oleate) was polymerized through conventional radical polymerizations and telomerization in order to evaluate the influence of the polymer molecular weight on its efficiency as a viscosity modifier. Additionally, methacrylate monomers containing different chain lengths of fatty acids were involved in reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization to obtain polymers with similar molecular weights in order to compare their efficiency as viscosity modifiers. For this purpose, all fatty acid-based polymers were mixed at 3 wt.% in MPO and relative viscosity measurement between MPO and polymer–MPO blends was performed at various temperatures. The results demonstrated that fatty acid-based methacrylate polymers have a higher polymer contribution on MPO viscosity with increasing temperature. This specific viscosimetric behavior was related to the coil polymer chains’ expansion with temperature, which was improved by increasing the polymer molar mass and the length of dangling fatty alkyl chains hanging off polymer backbones.
Early Proteinuria Lowering by Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Predicts Renal Survival in Children with CKD
Authors: van den Belt Sophie M. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Gracchi Valentina , de Zeeuw Dick , Wühl Elke , Schaefer Franz ,   on behalf of the ESCAPE Trial Group
Published: June 2018

Background Although pharmacotherapeutic proteinuria lowering was found to be nephroprotective in adults, the predictive value of early drug-induced proteinuria reduction for long-term renal survival in pediatric CKD is unknown. We analyzed data from the ESCAPE Trial for a potential association between initial antiproteinuric effect of standardized angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and renal disease progression in children with CKD.

Methods In total, 280 eligible children with CKD stages 2–4 (mean age 11.7 years old, median eGFR 46 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 71% congenital renal malformations) received a fixed dose of ramipril (6 mg/m2 per day) and were subsequently randomized to conventional or intensified BP control. We assessed initial proteinuria reduction from baseline to first measurement on ramipril (at 2.5±1.3 months). We used multivariable Cox modeling to estimate the association between initial proteinuria reduction and the risk of reaching a renal end point (50% eGFR decline or ESRD), which occurred in 80 patients during 5 years of observation.

Results Ramipril therapy lowered proteinuria by a mean of 43.5% (95% confidence interval, 36.3% to 49.9%). Relative to proteinuria reduction <30%, 30%–60% and >60% reduction resulted in hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 0.70 (0.40 to 1.22) and 0.42 (0.22 to 0.79), respectively. This association was independent of age, sex, CKD diagnosis, baseline eGFR, baseline proteinuria, initial BP, and concomitant BP reduction.

Conclusions The early antiproteinuric effect of ACE inhibition is associated with long-term preservation of renal function in children with CKD. Proteinuria lowering should be considered an important target in the management of pediatric CKD.
High-frequency Spending Responses to the Earned Income Tax Credit
Authors: Aladangady Aditya , Aron-Dine Shifrah , Cashin David , Dunn Wendy , Feiveson Laura , Lengermann Paul , Richard Katherine , Sahm Claudia
Published: June 2018

Many households face large, high-frequency changes in income and have limited financial buffers to smooth their consumption through this income volatility. However, few studies have quantified spending responses to such timing shifts in income due to a lack of high-frequency spending data. We use a new dataset of anonymized daily, state-level spending to study a two-week delay in federal tax refunds with an earned income tax credit (EITC) in 2017.
The economics of flue gas cooling technology for coal-fired power stations with flue gas desulfurisation
Authors: Roberts Pierru , Elsa CJ Luther , Bosyi Oleg , Kornelius Gerrit
Published: June 2018

Developments in heat exchanger technology, specifically in the use of polymers as tube material, have allowed the use of gas to water heat exchangers under conditions previously not viable. Two applications in the flue gas cleaning circuit of coal-fired power stations are described in this paper. In conventional pulverised coal-fired boilers, cooling of gas prior to the wet flue gas desulfurisation (WFGD) absorber reduces water consumption for evaporative cooling of the flue gas and can recover heat for feed water preheating or for use elsewhere in the plant. In another application, circulating fluidised bed boilers, which are currently proposed for a few independent power producers and may not require wet FGD, heat recovery is still feasible upstream of the bag filter typically used for particulate emission control. The extracted heat can again be recovered for use in other power plant processes, in this case most economically for pre-heating combustion air. This paper presents case studies for each of the above applications, showing that the power station efficiency is typically increased by approximately 1% of its pre-installation value. An economic analysis is provided for each, including additional power sales, reduced water consumption, or reduced fuel use with a reduction in carbon tax. For the larger installations with WFGD, payback time can be in the order of 6 years.
Leave-one-out evaluation of the nearest feature line and the rectified nearest feature line segment classifiers using Multi-core architectures
Authors: Uribe-Hurtado Ana Lorena , Orozco-Alzate Mauricio , Villegas-Jaramillo Eduardo-Jose
Published: June 2018

In this paper we present the parallelization of the leave-one-out test: areproducible test that is, in general, computationally expensive. Paral-lelization was implemented on multi-core multi-threaded architectures, us-ing the Flynn Single Instruction Multiple Data taxonomy. This techniquewas used for the preprocessing and processing stages of two classificationalgorithms that are oriented to enrich the representation in small samplecases: the nearest feature line (NFL) algorithm and the rectified nearestfeature line segment (RNFLS) algorithm. Results show an accelerationof up to 18.17 times with the smallest dataset and 29.91 times with thelargest one, using the most costly algorithm (RNFLS) whose complexityisO(n4). The paper also shows the pseudo-codes of the serial and parallel algorithms using, in the latter case, a notation that describes the way theparallelization was carried out as a function of the threads.
Estimación de la variabilidad mecánica de placas de roca por ensayos no-destructivos: métodos de análisis
Authors: Ortubé A. J. Aparicio , Suárez Burgoa Lúdger O
Published: June 2018

En este estudio se emplean mayores y complementarios métodos de análisis para estimar la variabilidad mecánica de placas de material rocoso por en-sayos no-destructivos, inicialmente presentado en esta misma revista. Esto con el propósito de generalizar y mejorar la aplicabilidad de este método alternativo, basado en la geoestadística, para que pueda ser utilizado enprocesos de control de calidad de placas de material rocoso destinadas al revestimiento de pisos. Se ha hecho énfasis en los métodos de análisis geo-estadísticos, en lo que respecta al análisis exploratorio de los datos, análisis de anisotropía, verificación del modelo geoestadístico, verificación de la estructura espacial, verificación del tamaño de muestra y modelación de la distribución espacial de la resistencia mecánica.
From obtaining to degradation of PHB: A literature review. Part II
Authors: dos Santos Antonio José , Oliveira Dalla Valentina Luiz Veriano , Hidalgo Schulz Andrey Alayo , Tomaz Duarte Marcia Adriana
Published: June 2018

In our previous review (Part I - Material Properties), the chemical, physi-cal and morphological properties, applications and mechanisms of obtain-ing poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) were discussed. PHB is a biologically basedpolymer that presents itself as an ecological option due to its characteristicdegradation before environmental factors and due to the action of microor-ganisms such as algae, fungi and bacteria. In this second review, aspectsrelated to the types of degradation to which this polymer is subjectedand the necessary conditions for its degradation are addressed. Amongthese mechanisms are thermo-degradation, thermo-mechanical degrada-tion, abiotic degradation, photo degradation and biodegradation. It isunderstood that the degradation of PHB can be seen as an advantageousfeature of this material. This review complements the previous one anduses the same terminology.
Adult mouse kidney dissociation (on ice) v3
Authors: Potter Andrew
Published: June 2018

Protocol for adult (8-10 week) mouse kidney dissociation, performed on ice to reduce artifact gene expression.
Human small intestine cell dissociation (on ice) v4
Authors: Potter Andrew
Published: June 2018

Protocol for human small intestine cell dissociation, performed on ice to reduce artifact gene expression.
Mouse P1 Kidney Cold-Active Protease Single Cell Dissociation v2
Authors: Potter Andrew , Potter Steve
Published: June 2018

Method used to derive single cell suspension from P1 mouse kidneys on ice, generating a cell suspension with greatly reduced artifact gene expresion changes and suitable for downstream analysis using 10x Chromiumor DropSeq.
Adult mouse thymus dissociation (on ice) v3
Authors: Potter Andrew
Published: June 2018

Protocol for thymus dissociation (10-week old CD-1 female).
DRUNKENNESS AS A REASON FOR TERMINATING EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP AND STATE SERVICE EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Bite Kitija
Published: June 2018

The author in the article researches alcohol as one of the reasons to terminate public service employment relationships at the State Police and employment relationships. The legislation provides different regulatory approach to alcohol intoxication as a reason for terminating the employment relationships and the legal application of this reason. In practice, detecting of alcohol intoxication and denunciation of employment relationship or retiring from the public service is problematic. The government regulations in Latvia define the inspection procedure of the influence of alcohol, narcotic, psychotropic or toxic substance, however, there is no legislative act defining the term ‘alcohol intoxication’, while it is essential in employment relationships. There are several issues that emerge from the case-law: firstly, the employer must legally differentiate alcohol intoxication from alcohol influence in order to be able to terminate the employment; secondly, the employer must legally/judicially detect and record the presence of alcohol. The author suggests to define the state of ‘alcohol intoxication’ as well as make alterations in the Labour Law giving the liberty to the employer to terminate the employment relationship in case of alcohol influence. A Chief of Public Institution should be appointed to develop An Internal Regulations Act in order to detect alcohol intoxication or influence. Such alterations in Law would allow the employer to apply disciplinary penalty or denunciation in the cases of alcohol intoxication, and would clearly define the inspection procedure for the employees upon suspicion of being present at work or public service under the influence of alcohol.
CRIME RELAPSE AND ITS PREVENTION
Authors: Trubiņa Ilga
Published: June 2018

The author analyzes three types of crime relapse existing in Latvia as well as paying attention on the fact that the crime data collection currently is not practiced in this country, although the level of the crime relapse reflects the effectiveness of applied criminal penalties. Statistical data collection and analysis of crime relapse could determine the effectiveness of criminal penalties as well as showing the usefulness of crime relapse reduction.
PROBLEMS OF INTERPRETATION OF CRUELTY AND VIOLENCE TOWARDS MINOR IN CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Kipāne Aldona
Published: June 2018

Violence and cruelty against children is not only problem in Latvia but it is also global problem. There is a special section in Latvian Criminal Law regarding to protection minor against cruel and violence. The article is devoted to the analysis of the corpus delicti of cruel towards and violence against a minor. The author has analysed difference between concepts cruelty treatment towards minor and violence against minor. The author of the paper came to conclusion that necessary condition for proceeding of qualification is scrutiny of all circumstances of crime.
ACTIVE LEGAL CAPACITY IN CIVIL LAW
Authors: Myrzakhanova Marzhan , Myrzakhanov Yerlan
Published: June 2018

Raksts veltīts fizisko personu rīcībspējas īpatnību izpētei Kazahstānas Republikas civiltiesībās. Autori analizē rīcībspējas saturu un pazīmes, norādot, ka rīcībspēja rada gan tiesības, gan arī pienākumu atbildēt par radīto kaitējumu. Rakstā īpaši akcentēti nepilngadīgu personu rīcībspējas aspekti. Secināts, ka rīcībspēja ir neatņemama cilvēktiesību sastāvdaļa, kuras ierobežošana var notikt tikai īpašā, likumā noteiktā kārtībā.
AMENDMENT OF THE CASE-LAW OF COURTS IN BULGARIA ON ADMINISTRATIVE CASES AS A CONSEQUENCE OF A RESOLUTION ON ART. 6 OF EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors: Мarkova Tsveta
Published: June 2018

Cilvēktiesību ievērošana saskaņā ar Eiropas Cilvēktiesību konvenciju ir viens no svarīgākajiem Eiropas Savienības kopējās politikas veidošanas un pakāpeniskas attīstības priekšnoteikumiem. Minētā prioritāte ir iespējama tikai tad, ja dalībvalstis un to iestādes vienveidīgi un konsekventi ievēro konvencijā un tās protokolos noteiktās prasības, saskaņā ar Monteskjē noteikto varas dalīšans principu dažādās sabiedrisko attiecību jomās. Galvenā uzmanība rakstā pievērsta Eiropas Cilvēktiesību tiesas lēmumam saistībā ar šīs konvencijas 6. panta pārkāpumu, jo konkrētajam lēmumam par tiesībām uz taisnīgu tiesu būtu jātstāj paliekoša ietekme uz nacionālo tiesu praksi. Jautājums ir aktuāls, jo skar stabilitāti un labklājību Eiropā, kontekstā ar migrācijas dinamiku un ģeopolitisko attīstību.
Nâo se nasce homem, torna-se homem: performatividades do masculino em uma barbearia
Authors: Pauli Tomazetti Tainan , Marconi Dieson , Machado Alisson
Published: June 2018

A partir de uma observaçâo em uma barbearia de classe média alta na cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, o artigo reflete a respeito das performatividades do masculino e da articulaçâo de uma ética e de uma estética vinculadas a noçâo de masculinidade elaborada nesse espaço. Relacionando os sentidos observados dessas práticas com a figura do lumbersexual, demonstramos a maneira pela qual a masculinidade é relacionada à natureza do homem, ocultando os procedimentos performáticos e os efeitos discursivos pelos quais ela é produzida. Apesar de altamente regulada, o trabalho de cuidado de si indica nuances de disputas dos sentidos a respeito das masculinidades tradicionais, ainda que nâo postulem rupturas ao modelo dominante e prescritivo da heteronormatividade.
“Traer al mundo el mundo”: escribir poesía como acción y reto a la realidad
Authors: Díaz-Vicedo Noèlia
Published: June 2018

Este artículo analiza la poesía como espacio de praxis socio-simbólica para el sujeto femenino que escribe. Así, partiendo de que la escritura es una acción “incesante e interminable” según Maurice Blanchot, este artículo estudia el concepto de “corpo-ralidad” como estrategia lírica en la que la experiencia particular femenina se traduce en universal a través de la escritura, suponiendo una alteración de realidad y determinando una acción basada en el nacimiento. Este punto, iluminado por la teoría “traer el mundo al mundo” desarrollada por el grupo filosófico Diotima, particularmente por Adriana Cavarero, demostrará así que la diferencia sexual se nos ofrece como respuesta ante la necesidad de cuestionar los parámetros de la tradición poética y han determinado la posición de la mujer como atopia.
Perspectiva de género en el deterioro cognitivo en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple = A gender perspective in the cognitive impairment of multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Estrada Mar , Fernández-Martínez Elena , Bayón Darkistade José Enrique , Liébana-Presa Cristina , Molina Antonio José
Published: June 2018

ResumenEl objetivo de la presente investigación es determinar el deterioro cognitivo de pacientes con Esclerosis múltiple (EM) y analizar si existen diferencias de género con EM en las variables: deterioro físico (escala de fatiga EDSS), deterioro cognitivo (STROOP) y salud general (GHQ-28). Participaron 65 personas con EM, con leve disfunción neurológica, de las cuales 17 fueron hombres y 48 mujeres con edades comprendidas entre los 24 y 62 años. Los resultados muestran como la EM afecta a todos los dominios cognitivos y emocionales, probándose un efecto de rendimiento diferencial en relación al género.AbstractThe aim of the present investigation is to determine the cognitive impairment in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and to analyze whether there are gender differences with MS in the variables: physical deterioration (EDSS fatigue scale), cognitive impairment (STROOP) and general health GHQ-28). A total of 65 MS patients with mild neurological dysfunction were included, of whom 17 were men and 48 were women between the ages of 24 and 62 (mean age = 40 years). The results show how MS disease affects all cognitive and emotional domains, proving a differential performance effect in relation to gender.
Ser mujer en la universidad: el caso de las académicas-feministas de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Being a woman at the university: the case of academic- feminists of the Complutense University of Madrid
Authors: Benítez Quintero Fabiola
Published: June 2018

ResumenLa educación universitaria, el acceso al campo laboral y la formación en feminismo y género se han considerado como condiciones fundamentales que han dado lugar a la emancipación femenina. Por ello, la presente investigación tuvo como objeto analizar la experiencia de las mujeres académicas- feministas de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid por medio de cinco entrevistas con docentes investigadoras que laboran en dicha institución. Se encontró que aún persisten las problemáticas de las desigualdades de género; y aunque actualmente han encontrado mecanismos para invisibilizarse; las principales complicaciones continúan recayendo en la falta de apoyo institucional para sobrellevar la doble jornada de trabajo, la inequitativa repartición de los puestos directivos y el acoso laboral con base en la condición de género.AbstractUniversity education, access to the labor field and training in feminism and gender have been considered as fundamental conditions that have led to female emancipation. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze the experience of academic-feminists women of the Complutense University of Madrid throughout five interviews with professors-researchers who work in this institution. We have found that problems of gender inequalities persist; and although currently they have found mechanisms to make themselves invisible; the main complications still fall in the lack of institutional support to cope with the double shift, the unequal distribution of managerial positions and harassment based on gender.
Study on construction technology and quality control of municipal drainage engineering
Authors: Qu Zhenlun , Wang Weihai , Zhou An , Liu Jianyin , Feng Jianhua
Published: June 2018

Municipal drainage works is a basic project in the process of urban construction. If there is a lack of drainage engineering in municipal engineering, it will affect the normal life of people. In other words, the quality of municipal drainage works directly relates to the development of urban processes and the quality of life of urban residents. Therefore, it is very important to ensure the quality of the municipal drainage project. This article briefly discusses the construction technology and quality control of municipal drainage engineering. Seeking for critical technologies in the construction of municipal drainage projects to provide a strong guarantee for the development of cities and people’s lives.
Difficulty analysis and countermeasure discussion of building HVAC construction
Authors: Sun Yafei , Zhang Chenxi , Wang Xinhe , Yuan Shujuan , Zhu Guixin
Published: June 2018

HVAC is a part of building equipment. The quality of HVAC engineering in buildings is directly related to whether buildings can be directly put into operation. Based on the importance of HVAC construction, we must master the relevant construction technology and analyze the difficulties in the construction, and ensure the overall level of the HVAC construction as far as possible. This article analyzes the difficult points of construction HVAC construction, focuses on the key countermeasures to deal with these problems, and provides a quality assurance for the construction of HVAC projects in China's construction projects.
A rare case of laparoscopic repair of incarcerated femoral hernia in patient of rheumatic heart disease with double valve replacement
Authors: Ambekar Sachin , Shankar Mrinal
Published: June 2018

Femoral hernias are very rare presentation in comparison to inguinal hernia. Femoral hernias are a protrusion of the peritoneal sac covered with an extraperitoneal pad of fat through the femoral canal. Mostly an acquired condition often with incarceration or strangulation. Laparoscopic repair of femoral hernia has a learning curve for surgeons and now being preferred by majority surgeons to the conventional open repair. We report a case of a 65 year female as a high risk case of rheumatic heart disease who had underwent double valve replacement in recent, was undertaken for total laparoscopic extraperitoneal repair with meshplasty for the incarcerated femoral hernia on left side, with faster recovery of patient postoperatively. Laparoscopic repair of a femoral hernia reduces the risk of reoperation for a recurrence compared with open repair.
Sodium Reduction and Consumption: the Change Between City, Food and Citizenship
Authors: Carvalho Sandra Maria Souza de , Miguel Marcelo Calderari , Freire Vitorino Fontenele
Published: June 2018

This study analyzes the salt / sodium in food, in public policies and health. In this way, it proposes to provide subsidies around the concepts of the importance of the city in the construction of healthy food. The purpose of this review is to discuss the constraints, reflecting on them through theoretical assumptions about the promotion of citizenship and the pasteurization of taste / flavors. Food in society raises the integration of actions, actors and various social spaces, such as: State, schools, associations, businessmen in order to excel, consistent and efficient, by an educating city. In the context of the state of Espírito Santo, for two years, the law 10.369/2015 banned salt shakers at bars and restaurants in Espírito Santo for two years. In this way, research shows that excessive sodium intake (which raises blood pressure and affects the cardiovascular system) brings several complications that can last for many years or even a lifetime.Redução e Consumo de Sódio: Trama entre Cidade, Alimentação e CidadaniaEste estudo analisar o sal/sódio na alimentação, nas políticas públicas e saúde. Desse modo, propõe fornecer subsídios em torno dos conceitos da importância da cidade na construção da alimentação saudável. O objetivo desta revisão é discutir os condicionantes, refletindo sobre eles por meio de pressuposições teóricas sobre a promoção de cidadania e da pasteurização de gosto/sabores. A alimentação na sociedade suscita integração das ações, dos atores e dos diversos espaços sociais, como: Estado, escolas, associações, empresários de modo a primar, consistente e eficiente, por uma cidade educadora. No contexto capixaba, vigou por dois anos a lei 10.369/2015 que proibia saleiros em mesas de bares e restaurantes do Espírito Santo sendo essa uma marco. Desta forma, a pesquisa demonstra que a ingestão excessiva de sódio (que eleva a pressão arterial e afeta o sistema cardiovascular) traz diversas complicações que podem perdurar por muitos anos ou até mesmo a vida toda.
Entre el mercado y la construcción local: reflexiones para una gestión más incluyente de la biodiversidad y los servicios ecosistémicos en el marco de los pagos por servicios ambientales
Authors: Rincón Ruiz Alexander , Rojas César , Nieto Margarita
Published: June 2018

Los esquemas de pagos por servicios ambientales (PSA) se han ratificado como mecanismo unidireccional preferido en la toma de decisiones para la gestión ambiental, particularmente en lo asociado a la gestión de la biodiversidad; adicionalmente, en el marco del reciente Decreto 0870 su relevancia a futuro de seguro será cada vez mayor. Esto se da en un contexto local donde las tendencias de gobernanza, con principios de participación e inclusión, enfocadas en procesos de construcción local y colectiva están en expansión. Este artículo avanza en el análisis del uso inercial de los PSA por la institucionalidad formal ambiental en Colombia. El análisis planteado propone lo oportuno de incluir los contextos territoriales de manera armónica en la adecuación e implementación de los instrumentos de política ambiental, para consolidar una gobernanza orientada más al sentido de inclusión y creación de procesos de largo plazo. Por ello, la construcción de respuestas de política ambiental, particularmente los psa en Colombia, deben darse a partir de cuatro puntos que desarrollamos como las 4C: conceptualización (qué y para qué), complementariedad (cómo), contexto (dónde) y construcción colectiva (con quién y para quién).
A participation model based on community forum as a reproductive health knowledge transaction space to increase male participation in vasectomy
Authors: Duadji Noverman , Tresiana Novita
Published: June 2018

The first background of this research is the low participation of male vasectomy KB due to lack of information and low male contraceptive services. The second background of this research is Friedmann’s (2011) idea of citizen forum as transaction space which becomes communication media in the form of equal dialogue.This study aims to analyse the causes of low participation in the vasectomy method of family planning (KB) in South Lampung Regency; analyse the grassroots organisations in the community as the support system for a potential increase in the society’s participation in vasectomy as a part of family planning (KB); and develop a model of vasectomy to increase the participation in South Lampung Regency. This study utilised primary and secondary data which were collected and analysed using qualitative-descriptive method. The research was conducted in nine villages in South Lampung Regency. The findings showed that the major failure for participation in the vasectomy method of family planning (KB) was caused by a lack of a representative knowledge transaction space in family planning (KB) and reproductive health. On the other hand, the existing active societal-institutional support system can be utilised as the space for knowledge transaction. A solution to enhance a social participation model through community forums is urgently needed.
Women Empowerment for Poverty Reduction in Ring-1 Rural Area of a Cement Company in Tuban, East Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Rustinsyah Rustinsyah
Published: June 2018

The existence of a cement company in a rural area may influence the local people, including women who are not employed by the company. This study aims at presenting the case of women empowerment in a Ring-1 area of a cement company in Indonesia. The research used qualitative approach. The results show that the company’s existence with its CSR programs have helped empowering rural women in social, educational, religious, organizational, and economic aspects. The social aspect is shown in the health programs. The educational aspect can be seen in the provision of scholarships for formal education and non-formal training. The religious aspect is actualized in the form of incentives for religion teachers and religious festivals. The organizational aspect is shown in the involvement of women in PKM management. Finally, the economic aspect includes: a) the construction of village road infrastructure as compensation of taxes derived from the company; b) the inclusion of workers from outside the village encourages the emergence of food stalls, grocery stalls, gasoline kiosks, and boarding houses; and c) the development of traditional markets. This study confirms that the company’s existence has encouraged rural women to improve their livelihoods and help alleviate their families from poverty.
Toward Real-Time Infoveillance of Twitter Health Messages
Authors: Colditz Jason B. , Chu Kar-Hai , Emery Sherry L. , Larkin Chandler R. , James A. Everette , Welling Joel , Primack Brian A.
Published: June 2018

There is growing interest in conducting public health research using data from social media. In particular, Twitter “infoveillance” has demonstrated utility across health contexts. However, rigorous and reproducible methodologies for using Twitter data in public health are not yet well articulated, particularly those related to content analysis, which is a highly popular approach.

In 2014, we gathered an interdisciplinary team of health science researchers, computer scientists, and methodologists to begin implementing an open-source framework for real-time infoveillance of Twitter health messages (RITHM). Through this process, we documented common challenges and novel solutions to inform future work in real-time Twitter data collection and subsequent human coding.

The RITHM framework allows researchers and practitioners to use well-planned and reproducible processes in retrieving, storing, filtering, subsampling, and formatting data for health topics of interest. Further considerations for human coding of Twitter data include coder selection and training, data representation, codebook development and refinement, and monitoring coding accuracy and productivity. We illustrate methodological considerations through practical examples from formative work related to hookah tobacco smoking, and we reference essential methods literature related to understanding and using Twitter data.
Incarceration as a Health Determinant for Sexual Orientation and Gender Minority Persons
Authors: Baćak Valerio , Thurman Kate , Eyer Katie , Qureshi Rubab , Bird Jason D.P. , Rivera Luis M. , Kim Suzanne A.
Published: June 2018

Incarceration is considerably more prevalent among sexual and gender minority persons (SGM) than among the general population. Once behind bars, they are at the greatest risk for health-related harms.

Although a growing number of studies have assessed health disparities produced by mass incarceration, scholars are yet to systematically assess the health consequences of incarceration on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity.

We invite public health scholars to study the effects of incarceration on health in the SGM population and provide a roadmap to aid these research efforts. First, we document the disproportionate presence of SGM persons in jails and prisons. Second, we note health-related risks that are the most salient for this population. Third, we recommend examining heterogeneity in the effects of incarceration by teasing out distinct risks for groups defined by sexual orientation, gender identity, and race/ethnicity. Fourth, we note methodological challenges with respect to measurement and assessing causality. Finally, we discuss the importance of health care access and quality and the need to study health during incarceration and afterward.
Integrating Legumes as Cover Crops and Intercrops into Grain Sorghum Production Systems
Authors: Neely Clark B. , Rouquette F. Monte , Morgan Cristine L. , Smith Gerald R. , Hons Frank M. , Rooney William L.
Published: June 2018

Core Ideas

Intercropping cowpea with grain sorghum dramatically decreased sorghum grain yield.

Clover green manure only increased sorghum grain yield 1 out of 3 yr.

Fertilizer effects likely masked by mineralized organic matter from plowing of perennial pasture.

Crop residue decomposition was mostly unaffected by treatments.

Crop residue decomposition was largely driven by residue C/N ratios.

Legumes fix N, reduce fertilizer inputs for primary crops, and contribute C to soil organic matter (SOM), which benefits soil productivity and sustainability. Objectives of this study were to (i) maintain grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] yields while decreasing N fertilizer requirements and build SOM using a temperate legume cover crop and tropical legume intercrop; (ii) quantify soil water usage between legume treatments and N fertilizer rates; and (iii) evaluate treatment effects on residue decomposition of each crop. In Overton, TX, crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and cowpea [Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp)] were used as green manure and an intercrop, respectively, with grain sorghum. Four N fertilizer rates of 0, 45, 90, and 135 kg ha−1 were randomly assigned within a four replicate split‐split plot design on a Lilbert loamy fine sand. From 2010 through 2012, intercropped cowpea decreased sorghum grain yield between 77 and 93% compared to monocropped sorghum. Clover green manure increased sorghum grain yield 21% over winter fallow in 2012, but not significantly (P = 0.22). After 3 yr, soil organic C (12.4 g kg−1) and soil N (1.1 g kg−1) were 18% (P = 0.01) and 21% (P = 0.01) higher, respectively, for clover green manure compared to fallow at 0 to 15‐cm depth. Crop residue decomposition was relatively stable across years and only intercropping showed small increases in decomposition of grain sorghum residue. Overall, clover green manure proved to be a more sustainable choice than intercropping cowpea from both a yield and soil perspective.
Profitability of Enhanced Efficiency Urea Fertilizers in No‐Tillage Corn Production
Authors: Zhou Xia Vivian , Larson James A. , Yin Xinhua , Savoy Hubert J. , McClure Angela M. , Essington Michael E. , Boyer Christopher N.
Published: June 2018

Core Ideas

Urea + NBPT and PCU provided significantly higher mean yields and net returns than conventional urea.

Urea + NBPT and PCU provided significantly lower yields and net returns than ammonium nitrate.

Urea + NBPT and PCU offer greater potential to improve net returns than urea + MICP.

This study determined the effects of enhanced efficiency (EE) urea fertilizers relative to ammonium nitrate (AN) on no‐tillage (NT) corn (Zea mays L.) yields and net returns (NRs) in Tennessee. Corn yields were from experiments conducted at two N fertilization rates of 123 and 168 kg ha−1 with four replications in a split‐plot design from 2013 through 2015 at three locations in middle (Springfield) and west Tennessee (Milan and Jackson). ANOVA analyses were used to identify differences in EE urea treatment yields and NRs. Breakeven and sensitivity analysis was used to compare yield and identify the threshold of positive NR of EE urea fertilizers relative to AN for a given premium price over conventional urea. Results indicated that urea + 20% or 26.7% N‐(n‐butyl)‐thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and polymer‐coated urea (PCU) provided significantly higher mean yields (2.0 Mg ha−1 more on average) and NRs ($283 ha−1 more) than conventional urea. Notwithstanding, these EE urea fertilizers had lower yields and produced lower benefits than AN in the course of this study. On the other hand, mean yield (8.7 Mg ha−1) and NR ($1012 ha−1) for urea + maleic–itaconic acid copolymer (MICP) were not significantly different from conventional urea (8.3 Mg ha−1 and $959 ha−1). In general, N fertilizer sources behaved similarly among N rates and locations. Given the growing reliance on urea fertilizer in NT corn production in Tennessee, urea + NBPT and PCU offer the greatest potential to improve expected NRs relative to conventional urea.
Corn Era Hybrid Macronutrient and Dry Matter Accumulation in Plant Components
Authors: Woli Krishna P. , Sawyer John E. , Boyer Matthew J. , Abendroth Lori J. , Elmore Roger W.
Published: June 2018

Core Ideas

We compared 1960 and 2000 era hybrid DM and macronutrient partitioning.

Similar DM, N, P, and K accumulation patterns occurred for 1960 and 2000 era hybrids.

Nutrient concentrations (g kg−1) were lower for 2000 than 1960 era hybrids.

Plant component N, P, and K contents (kg ha−1) were greatest for 2000 era hybrids.

Greater modern hybrid nutrient uptake was mainly due to greater DM and yield.

As corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids change over time, and with increased use of different plant components for feed, bedding, and energy production, it is important to know macronutrient distribution within plants and how nutrient concentration and accumulation varies during plant development. This field study was conducted in 2007 and 2008 to evaluate dry matter (DM) biomass, macronutrient concentration, and macronutrient content in corn plant fractions (stalk, leaf, tassel, ear shoot, cob, and grain) across developmental stages with two hybrids from 1960 and 2000 eras. Concentrations of N, P, and K were generally lower in all plant fractions for the 2000 compared to 1960 era hybrids, except P concentration in stalks and grain and K concentration in leaves and ear shoots. In contrast, N, P, and K content was consistently higher in 2000 era hybrids for whole plants, leaves, and grain; a reflection of greater DM production. Nitrogen, P, K, and DM content in tassels was lower for 2000 than 1960 era hybrids. From the 1960s to 2000s, hybrid development brought about an increase in plant biomass and grain yield resulting in greater total nutrient content. However, macronutrient concentrations in vegetative plant fractions and grain decreased, thus moderating increase in plant total and grain nutrient content. This research shows the importance for analysis of newer hybrid vegetative and grain biomass on an ongoing basis to provide reliable estimates of macronutrient uptake patterns and removal with harvest of specific vegetative material and grain.
Cover Crops and Water Quality
Authors: Blanco‐Canqui Humberto
Published: June 2018

Core Ideas

Cover crops increase time to runoff start and reduce runoff sediment loss.

Grass cover crops can be effective at reducing nutrient leaching.

Cover crops may have limited effect on reducing losses of soluble nutrients.

Use of cover crops may reduce the amount of herbicide used by suppressing weeds.

Reducing runoff sediment and nutrient loss as well as nutrient leaching from croplands is a high priority to mitigate nonpoint‐source pollution (NPSP) of water sources, maintain soil fertility, and improve overall soil and water quality. Adoption of cover crops (CCs) can be a reemerging strategy to address these concerns. This article reviews the state‐of‐knowledge of CC impacts on water quality parameters, discusses factors that affect CC impacts, and identifies research areas. The review indicates that CCs increase time to runoff start by 10 to 40 min, and reduce both runoff volume by 10 to 98% and sediment loss by 22 to 100%. The few studies indicate that CC effects on total and dissolved nutrients in runoff are not generally significant. Grass CCs such as rye (Secale cereale L.) can reduce nitrate leaching between 18 and 95%. Cover crop effectiveness can be in this order: nitrate leaching ≥ sediment > runoff > dissolved nutrients in runoff, indicating that CCs are highly effective at reducing nutrient leaching but can have limited effects on reducing transport of dissolved nutrients. More measured and modeled data evaluating CC effects on water quality under different CC management factors including planting and termination dates, CC species, CC mixtures or single species, and tillage systems are needed. Additionally, specific data on CC belowground biomass and their relations with soil erodibility are scanty. In conclusion, CCs can reduce runoff, sediment loss, and nitrate leaching, but may have smaller effects on reducing dissolved nutrients in runoff.