bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can diet niche partitioning enhance sexual dimorphism?
Authors: Bauld Joshua , Newton Jason , Jones Isabel , Abernethy Katharine , Lehmann David , Bussiére Luc
Published: July 2022

Abstract 1. Classic evolutionary theory suggests that sexual dimorphism
evolves primarily via sexual and fecundity selection. However, theory
and evidence is beginning to accumulate suggesting that resource
competition can drive the evolution of sexual dimorphism, via ecological
character displacement between sexes. A key prediction of this
hypothesis is that the extent of ecological divergence between sexes
will be associated with the extent of sexual dimorphism. 2. As the
stable isotope ratios of animal tissues provide a quantitative measure
of various aspects of ecology, we carried out a meta-analysis examining
associations between the extent of isotopic divergence between sexes and
the extent of body size dimorphism. Our models demonstrate that large
amounts of between-study variation in isotopic (ecological) divergence
between sexes is due to systematic heterogeneity, which may be
associated with the traits of study subjects. We then completed
meta-regressions to examine whether the extent of isotopic divergence
between sexes is associated with the extent of sexual size dimorphism.
3. We found a modest but significantly positive association between size
dimorphism and sex differences in trophic level. Furthermore, the
strength of this positive association varied between ecological
contexts, increasing in species whose diets provide the greatest scope
for trophic variation and in those for which body size is of greater
relevance to feeding. 4. Our results therefore provide further evidence
that ecologically mediated selection, unrelated to reproduction, can
contribute to the evolution of sexual dimorphism.
The long-term outcomes of vaginoplasty using acellular porcine small intestinal submucosa grafts in patients with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome: an observational study
Authors: Xu zhiyang , Li lingxia , Wang xingguo , Wang mengxin , Cao gaijing , Chen Bi , Liu shujuan
Published: July 2022

Objective: To investigate the long-term outcomes and optimal timing of
surgery for Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome (MRKH) patients
undergoing vaginoplasty using an acellular porcine small intestinal
submucosa graft (SIS). Design: Observational study. Setting and
Population: Seventy-eight MRKH syndrome patients, forty-eight healthy
controls and a post-SIS patient who delivered a baby following the
world’s first robot-assisted uterus transplantation. Methods: The
outcome of sexual function and psychological were assessed through three
standard questionnaires: the female sexual function index (FSFI),
Self-rating scale of body image (SSBI) and self-acceptance questionnaire
(SAQ). Main Outcome Measures: Sexual function and psychology outcomes.
Results: A total of 89.7% patients achieved a “good” vaginal width,
and the mean vaginal length was 6.92±0.80 cm. The overall FSFI score of
MRKH syndrome patients was significantly lower than that of healthy
controls (24.43±4.42 versus 30.28±2.61, P<0.001). Three
factors (sexual arousal, orgasm and sexual satisfaction score) in the
FSFI increased significantly as the postoperative time increased. The
emotional impairment factor of the SSBI showed a higher score in MRKH
syndrome patients (1.56±1.83 versus 1.15±2.05, P=0.030). The
psychological scale score showed an improving trend as the postoperative
time was prolonged in MRKH syndrome patients. Conclusions: SIS surgery
is effective in improving the patient’s sexual function and
psychological problems, and this effect is more pronounced in patients
who have the surgery earlier. It is recommended to undergo surgery when
the patient is physiologically mature and expresses the desire to
proceed with therapy.
Coexistent diabetes is associated with the presence of adverse phenotypic features in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Jex Nicholas , Chowdhary Amrit , Thirunavukarasu Sharmaine , Procter Henry , Sengupta Anshuman , Natarajan Pavithra , Kotha Sindhoora , Poenar Ana-Maria , Swoboda Peter , Xue Hui , Cubbon Richard M , Kellman Peter , Greenwood John P , Plein Sven , Page Stephen , Levelt Eylem
Published: July 2022

  

Objective- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with worsened clinical outcomes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. We sought to investigate if hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus comorbidity exhibit adverse cardiac alterations in myocardial energetics, function, perfusion, or tissue characteristics.

Research design and methods-  Fifty-five participants with concomitant HCM and DM (HCM-DM, n=20), isolated HCM (n=20), and healthy volunteers (HV, n=15) underwent 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. The HCM groups were matched for HCM phenotype. 

Results- ESC sudden cardiac death risk scores were comparable between the HCM groups (HCM:2.2±1.5%, HCM-DM:1.9±1.2%; p=NS) and sarcomeric mutations were equally common. HCM-DM had the highest NT-proBNP levels (HV:42ng/L[IQR:35-66], HCM:298ng/L[IQR:157-837], HCM-DM:726ng/L[IQR:213-8695]; p<0.0001). Left-ventricular ejection fraction, mass and wall thickness were similar between the HCM groups. HCM patients with DM comorbidity displayed a greater degree of fibrosis burden with higher scar percentage, and lower global longitudinal strain compared to the isolated HCM patients. PCr/ATP was significantly lower in the HCM-DM group than both the isolated HCM patients and the healthy controls (HV:2.17±0.49, HCM:1.93±0.38, HCM-DM:1.54±0.27; p=0.002). In a similar pattern, stress myocardial blood flow was significantly lower in the HCM-DM group than both the isolated HCM patients and the healthy controls (HV:2.06±0.42ml/min/g, HCM:1.74±0.44ml/min/g, HCM-DM:1.39±0.42ml/min/g; p=0.002).

Conclusions- We show for the first time that HCM patients with T2DM comorbidity display greater reductions in myocardial energetics, perfusion, contractile function and higher myocardial scar burden and serum NT-proBNP levels compared to patients with isolated HCM despite similar LV mass and wall thickness and presence of sarcomeric mutations. These adverse phenotypic features may be important components of the adverse clinical manifestation attributable to a combined presence of HCM and T2DM. 
miRNA Signature in Early-stage Mycosis Fungoides
Authors: Sørensen Sissel T. , Litman Thomas , Gluud Maria , Celis Pamela , Torres-Rusillo Sara , Willerslev-Olsen Andreas , Ødum Niels , Iversen Lars , Lindahl Lise M.
Published: July 2022

Altered miRNA expressions are assigned pathogenic properties in several cancers including mycosis fungoides and could play a role in the early onset of the disease. The aim of this study was to examine disease-specific miRNA expression in early-stage mycosis fungoides patch and plaque lesions. A quantitative real-time PCR platform of 384 human miRNAs was used to study miRNA expression in 154 diagnostic mycosis fungoides biopsies. A total of 110 miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed (>2-fold, p < 0.05) between plaque lesions and healthy controls, and 90 miRNAs (>2-fold, p < 0.05) differed between patch lesions and healthy controls. Moreover, 13 miRNAs differed in expression between patch and plaque lesions. Early-stage mycosis fungoides exhibited miRNA features that overlapped with those of psoriasis. However, 39 miRNAs, including miR-142-3p, miR-150 and miR-146b, were specific to mycosis fungoides. In conclusion, early-stage mycosis fungoides expresses a distinct miRNA profile, indicating that miRNAs could play a role in the early development of mycosis fungoides.
Comparison of the Mechanical Properties and Push-out Bond Strength of Self-adhesive and Conventional Resin Cements on Fiber Post Cementation
Authors: Santi MR , Lins RBE , Sahadi BO , Soto-Montero JR , Martins LRM
Published: July 2022

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical properties and push-out bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements (SACs) and a conventional resin cement (CRC).

Methods and Materials

Eighty bovine incisors were divided into four groups for cementation of a fiberglass post (Whitepost - FGM Dental Group, Coral Springs, FL) with different resin cements: three SACs (Maxcem Elite, MAX - Kerr; Calibra Universal, CAL - Dentsply; and RelyX Unicem 2, RUN - 3M Oral Care) and one CRC (RelyX Ultimate, RXU - 3M Oral Care). The groups were subdivided into two groups each (n=10) for evaluation of the push-out bond strength test (POBS) after 24 hours of water storage or after thermal aging (5000 cycles), following 24 hours of storage. The failure modes were evaluated using a stereomicroscope. Flexural strength (FS) and modulus of elasticity (EM) were determined using a three-point bending. Also, pH of the cements was measured over 48 hours and filler morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Appropriate statistical analyses were performed by SPSS 21.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), with a significance level set at 5%. Results: RXU presented the highest POBS at both evaluation times. Among the SACs, RUN and CAL presented significantly lower POBS than MAX in cervical and middle-thirds at the 24-hour evaluation, and in all root regions after thermocycling. Adhesive failure between the cement and dentin were the most prevalent fractures at both times evaluated. MAX presented the lowest FS and RUN showed the highest EM. The pH reached the minimal point at the 30-minute evaluation for RXU and MAX. For RUN and CAL, the minimal pH was observed at the 60-minute evaluation. RXU and RUN presented spherical and regular filler particles, while MAX and CAL presented irregularly shaped and sized filler particles.

Conclusions

The mechanical behavior of SACs is not superior to CRC; however, among all the SACs evaluated, MAX presented the highest POBS and stability after thermocycling evaluation. MAX also reached the closest neutral pH after 48 hours. Therefore, SACs with low initial pH and strong neutralization reactions are recommended, because these characteristics may lead to better mechanical properties and stability.
Value of research-based master’s degree theses
Authors: Sætre Hansen Britt , Dysvik Elin
Published: July 2022

Background: New types of expertise in advanced nursing is required to meet the rapid changes in health services and technologies. To meet these challenges, different master’s degree programs are evolving, which will provide systematic introductions to analytical thinking and research-based argumentation and will lay the foundation for evidence-based nursing.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate topics and methods in research-based master’s degree theses in anesthesia, critical care, and operating room nursing (AIO) to explore their contribution to best practices within nursing specialization in anesthesia, intensive care, and operating theater nursing in Norway.
Method: By using thematic analysis we examined 78 research-based master’s degree theses produced over 5 years, representing the entire period of a university program in anesthesia, intensive care, and operating theater nursing.
Findings: The master’s theses covered different topics, ranging from topics within best practice, competence building and teamwork. A variety of methods were used to suggest improvements in the clinical field. This means that the value of the research topics chosen can be studied from different angles and help identify the complexity of the phenomena of interest.
Conclusion: Master’s degree thesis represents new, updated, and valuable knowledge for educational institutions, career development, hospital management, and clinical practitioners to guide future advanced and best practice both nationally and internationally.
Gården som arena for tilpasset opplæring: Erfaringer med gård–skole-tilbud i et inkluderingsperspektiv
Authors: Kjenes Arnesen Siv Merete , Jensen Andreas Reier , Grindal Patil Grete , Berget Bente
Published: July 2022

Tilpasset opplæring på gårdsbruk én eller flere dager i uken er et tilbud til enkelte elever på ungdomstrinnet som har vansker med å nyttiggjøre seg ordinær opplæring i klassen. I lys av teori om inkludering har vi undersøkt erfaringer til ansatte ved skoler og gårdbrukere som samarbeider om opplæringstilbud på gård. Det ble gjennomført 17 semistrukturerte intervju med gårdbrukere og kontaktlærere, rådgiver og skoleledere i kommunal oppvekstenhet ved fem ulike gård–skole-tilbud fra Østlandet, Vestlandet og Midt-Norge. Informantenes erfaringer ble sett i lys av Haugs (2014) teori om inkludering og Lave og Wengers (2003) teori om situerte praksisfellesskap. Informantenes erfaringer viste at relasjonsarbeid og fellesskapsbygging foregår parallelt med samarbeid om meningsfulle og nyttige arbeidsoppgaver på gården, som ble tilpasset den enkelte elevs forutsetninger og interesser. Informantene erfarte også at opplæringstilbud på gård skapte muligheter for nye vennskap for elevene. Tilbudene kan oppleves både inkluderende og segregerende. Vår studie viser at inklusjon i små fellesskap på gården kan være et viktig supplement til inkludering i basisklassen, som en utvidelse av tiltak om tilpasset opplæring i fellesskolen.  
The farm as a context for adapted education: experiences on farm-school collaborations in an inclusion perspectivePupils in lower secondary education who cannot profit from ordinary teaching can be offered adapted education on a farm one or more days a week. This article explores farmers’ and employees in the school sector’s experience with farm-based education and how this affects the social inclusion of pupils. Seventeen semi-structured interviews with farmers, teachers, and other educational administrator staff are conducted at five different school–farm collaborations located in East-, West-, and Mid-Norway. The informants’ experiences are conceptualized with Haug’s (2014) model of inclusion and situated communities of practice (Lave & Wenger, 2003). The findings show how building relationships and community occurs in parallel with collaboration on meaningful and valuable tasks, adapted to the individual student’s prerequisites and interests. We find that farm-based programs can contribute to new friendships and inclusion in a smaller community. These programs can be experienced as both inclusive and segregating from the pupils’ class. Our study shows that inclusion in small communities at the farm can be an important supplement to inclusion in class as an extension for adapted education in comprehensive school.
Konferensi Web untuk Pembelajaran Online: Pemicu Computer Vision Syndrome
Authors: Afifah Alidina Nur , Oktarina Oktarina , Lismandasari Lismandasari , Ghassani Fildzah Siti , Ghaus Luthfan Ahnaf
Published: July 2022

Penggunaan konferensi web memicu paparan layar monitor yang tinggi dan dapat menyebabkan gangguan  penglihatan. Ketidaknyamanan di mata akibat penggunaan komputer memiliki proporsi yang berbanding lurus dengan lamanya seseorang menggunakan komputer. Penelitian ini mengkaji dampak penggunaan konferensi web terhadap timbulnya Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) selama pembelajaran online di masa pandemi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta pada bulan Maret- Juni 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Variabel dependen yang diteliti adalah CVS dan durasi paparan konferensi web. Pengukuran dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner mengenai daftar keluhan yang diukur menggunakan skala Likert 1-4 dan penghitungan frekuensi berkedip secara serial. Durasi paparan konferensi web merupakan variabel independen yang diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Kuesioner diisi secara mandiri menggunakan formulir online. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 288 mahasiswa kedokteran yang dipilih dengan metode consecutive sampling. Terdapat 223 subjek dengan mayoritas angkatan 2018 (41,3%), perempuan (78%), dan usia 19-23 tahun (91,5%). Sebanyak 48,9% mengalami CVS dengan keluhan terbanyak sakit kepala (73,1%). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara konferensi web dengan kejadian CVS (uji Wilcoxon, p=0.000) dan penurunan frekuensi berkedip (uji Wilcoxon, p=0,004). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan konferensi web menimbulkan kejadian CVS terhadap mahasiswa FKK UMJ. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara penurunan frekuensi berkedip selama konferensi web dengan kejadian CVS. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian CVS adalah penggunaan kacamata dan lensa kontak.
La ejecución del piano a cuatro manos: análisis técnicos e interpretativos de algunos casos
Authors: Béjar Bartolo Alejandra , Podzharova Elena
Published: July 2022

El tocar piano a cuatro manos es una de las formas más interesantes de interpretación musical, pero, también, de las más difíciles porque se requiere que el intérprete no solo muestre habilidades individuales, sino que también sepa escuchar al otro pianista y coordinar varios aspectos interpretativos: fraseo, dinámica, velocidad, posición en el piano, etc. Este estudio explora los elementos de comunicación entre los integrantes del ensamble de piano a cuatro manos necesarios para lograr una ejecución correcta, así como las dificultades con las cuales se enfrentan los pianistas. Se entrevistó a 27 pianistas de diferentes niveles —maestros, estudiantes y egresados— que contaban con la experiencia de tocar en ensambles de piano a cuatro manos. Entre las dificultades con las que se enfrentaban los músicos, se encontró la manera de sentarse ante el piano, la ubicación de los brazos y manos en pasajes cruzados, el equilibrio del sonido, la sincronización y algunos problemas musculoesqueléticos. A pesar de las dificultades técnico-interpretativas y de la incomodidad física que pudieran presentarse en el ensamble, este tipo de práctica puede enriquecer ampliamente la experiencia pianística y ayudar a mejorar la propia interpretación desde el punto de vista del solista.
Conservative REflux Elimination Device (CREED): The Virtual Phlebectomy
Authors: Ricci Stefano
Published: July 2022

In more than 60% of varicose subjects finger compression of the main tributary(ies) is able to eliminate the reflux in the GSV axis. This corresponds to the Reflux elimination test (RET), and in these cases a simple elimination of the tributary may be initially sufficient, if a conservative strategy is concerned. In these same cases, the positioning of a special tourniquet based on sport taping material with a thickening placed exactly over the tributary termination (CREED = Conservative REflux Elimination Device) may have the same effect than a phlebectomy. This application, easy and simple, may be useful when active treatments are not possible or need to be delayed, without any ambition of being a definitive care.
Russian Empire in Public and Political Discourse of Galician Rus’ in the 19th and Beginning of the 20th Century
Authors: Kirill Shevchenko
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the role and place of the Russian Empire in the Galician-Russian public and cultural activities in the 19th century. Representatives of the Galician-Russian intelligentsia in the 19th century considered Galician and Ugric Rusyns from Austria-Hungary to be part of the common civilizational community consisting of Great Russians, Little Russians and White Russians. Galician-Russian intelligentsia interpreted the formation of the Muscovite Rus and then Russian Empire, the formation of the Russian culture and Russian literary language as the result of the common political and cultural efforts of the representatives of the Great and Little Rus, emphasizing the role of Galician natives in common Russian history. In particular, Galician-Russian enlighteners stressed the importance of activities of the Little Rus native F. Prokopovich, who became the leading ideologist of the reforms of Peter the Great. In the second half of the 19th century Galician-Russian intelligentsia acted as Russian patriots defending the political and cultural interests of the Russian state and culture and criticizing Polish and Ukrainian national movements in Galicia. The Austro-Hungarian administration used the First World War as a suitable pretext for the physical liquidation of the representatives of Galician-Russian movement in Galicia.
Ideological and National Aspects of the Catholic Clergy Activities in Grodno and Minsk Provinces of the Russian Empire in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries (on the Basis of Archival Documents)
Authors: Oleg Kazak
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes various aspects of the relationship between the confessional groups in Grodno and Minsk provinces of the Russian Empire (Orthodox Christians, Catholics) in the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries in the context of the implementation of models of self-identification «friend or foe». The article reconstructs the main stereotypes of the Catholic clergy's perception of interfaith relations through the prism of the national factor. Particular attention is paid to the specific features of the activity of Catholic clergy and their sympathetic fanatical parishioners to incite interfaith hostility. The author The basis of the source base of the article was made up of documents from the National Historical gives factual proof of the Catholic clergy propaganda activities for Polish national benefit and analyzes the authorities’ reaction to such propaganda. The research presented in the article is based on the documents of the National Archive of Belarus and the National Historical Archive of Belarus in Grodno (reports of district police officers to the Grodno governor, correspondence of the Grodno governor with the Governor-General of Vilno, Kovno and Grodno, etc.).
PENGGUNAAN PERMAINAN KARTU ANGKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN BERHITUNG PADA ANAK RAUDLATUL ATHFAL
Authors: Aneka Aneka , Kurniasih Siti , Hasanah Uswatun - , Regiana Wulan Tika
Published: July 2022

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui bagaimana permainan kartu angka digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berhitung pada anak kelompok B RA Wasilatul Huda Surabaya Udik dan (2) untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berhitung melalui permainan kartu angka pada anak kelompok B RA Wasilatul Huda Surabaya Udik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berupa Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan aktivitas guru melalui kegiatan bermain kartu angka pada Siklus I aktivitas guru mencapai 56,7% dengan kriteria “cukup”, dan peningkatan kemampuan berhitung melalui permainan kartu angka Siklus I mencapai 59,3% kategori Berkembang Sesuai Harapan. Sedangkan Siklus II aktivitas guru mencapai 83,3% dengan kriteria “baik" dan Siklus II peningkatan kemampuan berhitung melalui permainan kartu angka mencapai 76% kategori Berkembang Sangat Baik (BSB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan bermain kartu angka mampu meningkatkan aktivitas guru dan kemampuan berhitung anak melalui permainan kartu angka.
Issues Regarding the Use of ISR Structures in Conventional Operations in the Context of National Resilience
Authors: Stanciu Cristian , Jianu Valeriu-Adrian
Published: July 2022

Addressing the use of ISR structures in conventional operations in the context of national resilience, in an era of unpredictability of the security environment and the current presence of a regional conflict, inevitably becomes a mandatory concern for both support and decision-makers at all hierarchical levels and from all categories of troops. The development of a national defense position can be achieved through a flexible and robust ISR system, permanently adapted to the requirements of modern conflicts. Understanding how ISR capabilities can be used in conventional operations by addressing the principles, disciplines and collection systems is a key element in understanding the contribution of ISR to national resilience.
Challenges of Implementing Sustainable Development Management in Military and Civilian Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Halmaghi Elisabeta-Emilia , Baboş Alexandru , Popa Ioan-Dan
Published: July 2022

Sustainable development management takes up and synthesises the concepts of sustainable development and general management and applies them to all areas of social and economic life. Therefore, it has become a challenge for military and civilian higher education institutions to effectively combine the three pillars of sustainable development – economic, social and environmental – with the application of effective management practices that lead to the creation of a sustainable university environment.
“Knowledge-Based Organization” - Solution in the Management of Organizations in Crisis Situations?
Authors: Iancu Dumitru
Published: July 2022

Crisis periods affect all areas of organizational management: material resources management, financial management, strategic management, etc. In this context, knowledge’s process and knowledge can play an essential role in the survival of companies in the context in reality is unclear and changing, and the prospects can be bleak or difficult to calculate. Intangible elements make the difference, like as the ability to use efficiently what the organization knows to deal with unforeseen events much more often in these times of crisis: changing supply rates, declining employee morale, temporary lack of liquidity, etc.
Social Image of the Candidate for Police Service – Results of Empirical Research
Authors: Kurek Dorota
Published: July 2022

The social image of a candidate for police service is one of the important factors determining the image of the Polish Police both as an institution and an employer. It can also influence the sense of security of Poles, the level of trust in the police and the prestige of the police profession. The manner the candidates are perceived is conditioned by many factors, including social stereotypes, individual and group experiences or media coverage. In order to show the social image of candidates for service in the police in Poland, an empirical study was conducted in June 2021 using a diagnostic survey utilising the CAWI technique. A total of 384 Poles took part in the study.
Life Cycle Sustainability Evaluation of Potential Bioenergy Development for Landfills in Colombia
Authors: Ruiz Mabell , Diaz Fabian
Published: July 2022

The Colombian energy matrix faces significant changes toward meeting its energy needs while fulfilling its pledges in the Intended National Determined Contributions linked to the Paris Agreement. The country has developed a plan for energy transition with a 2050 horizon, a strategy reflected and supported by new legislative packages. Within its design, biomass and biomass waste play a vital role in bioenergy production; however, the benefits of deploying new bioenergy production facilities have not been fully accounted for, including only an economic and climate change perspective. In this work, a Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment of a potential bioenergy plant for industrial symbiosis with the largest landfill in the country is undertaken, avoiding environmental burden shifting between environmental damage categories and exposing the social potential of such projects. The results show how these types of projects are economically feasible and have the potential to boost the sustainable development of local communities, which under the Colombian context, have been structurally relegated from conventional economic growth for decades.
Renewal of the Business Strategy,
a Prerequisite for Success
in the Past-Pandemic Future
Authors: Danciu Victor
Published: July 2022

The multi-sectorial and multi-dimensional effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the invasion of Ukraine
affect the entire existence of mankind which is found in the new reality. The new reality which is characterized
by changes in social, material, economic and health life, also requires business transformation. Companies
need to find the right solution that will allow them to absorb the effects of the pandemic and find the
appropriate way, methods and tools for success in the new reality.
Several strategies for rapid post-COVID development are advanced in the literature. They remain valid
even the conflict between Russia and Ukraine delays and complicates their practical realization. The 3R
variants are suggested strategies that would correspond to the imperative to succeed in the new conditions.
The 4R strategy which is the synthesis of the stages of 3R strategies i.e. Respond, Recovery, Reset, and
Renew offers the best chances for success. The strategy begins with immediate measures against the effects of
the pandemic that ensure that the company stays safe (respond). The success of response allows the beginning
of the efforts for short-term recovery, after which is necessary the reset i.e. reconsider and restructure the
strategy to integrate it into the new reality. Renew is the last strategic step that focuses on the future, but not
anyway. The new strategy must be successful in the uncertain future which requires overcoming the difficulties
created by the pandemic and entering a new stage of development and success.
Perbedaan Respon Pertumbuhan, Fisiologi dan Produksi 20 Genotipe Cabai Rawit terhadap Berbagai Tingkat Naungan
Authors: Siahaan Gretty Febriola , Muhamad Achmad Chozin  , Muhamad Syukur  , Arya Widura Ritonga
Published: July 2022

Salah satu faktor pembatas utama yang mempengaruhi produksi cabai rawit adalah cekaman cahaya rendah. Varietas unggul cabai toleran terhadap cahaya rendah sampai saat ini belum banyak dilaporkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan respon pertumbuhan, fisiologi, dan produksi 20 genotipe tanaman cabai rawit terhadap intensitas cahaya rendah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Oktober 2020 - April 2021 di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan IPB. Penelitian ini disusun dalam rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak. Faktor naungan terdiri atas 4 taraf, yaitu 0, 25, 50, dan 75%. Respon genotipe cabai rawit terhadap naungan 50% menunjukkan keragaman yang lebih besar daripada tingkat naungan lainnya. Berdasarkan pengelompokan genotipe, spesies C. frutescens memiliki genotipe senang naungan lebih banyak dibanding dengan spesies C. annuum. Pemberian naungan 50% meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan luas daun pada semua kelompok genotipe. Kelompok genotipe senang naungan memberikan peningkatan tertinggi pada karakter morfologi. Jumlah buah per tanaman, bobot per buah dan total bobot buah per tanaman secara nyata turun pada kelompok genotipe peka dan moderat naungan. Ketiga peubah tersebut lebih tinggi secara signifikan pada kondisi naungan daripada tanpa naungan pada kelompok genotipe senang naungan.

Kata kunci: agroforestri, cahaya, fotosintesis, pigmen
Etnografía transmedia en las ruinas del neoliberalismo: “expansiones” y “pasadores” (border crosser) en la costa de Valdivia, sur de Chile
Authors: Rojas-Bahamonde Pablo , Guitiérrez Oriana , Hermosilla Gabriela
Published: July 2022

Buscamos contribuir con un quehacer académico comprometido que problematice aquellos quehaceres predominantes de impronta neoliberal. Desde una perspectiva que releva fenómenos emergentes, abordamos el caso del proyecto “Abuelo Barbaverde”. Este se desarrolló entre 2016 y 2020. Su objetivo fue aportar al resguardo de la zona costera valdiviana, sur de Chile. Aunque comenzó como un programa radial, se “expandió” a otros formatos, se asentó en diversos espacios y alcanzó variadas audiencias. Ello fue posible gracias a la construcción de un dispositivo metodológico denominado “etnografía transmedia”. Nuestros argumentos son: i) el compromiso se debe asociar a la creatividad, entendida como una labor colectiva de improvisación en torno a la particularidad de los territorios y ii) su corolario puede resultar paradójico: para materializarlo, los actores académicos deben “dejar de serlo” y hacer emerger en su lugar la figura del “pasador” y su capacidad de construir relaciones y vincular actores y dominios de la realidad.
Desarrollo sustentable y regenerativo de los paisajes socioecológicos de montaña: Montología del Chimborazo como referente insigne del cambio global
Authors: Sarmiento Rodriguez Fausto , Chávez Velásquez Renato , Aguirre Merino Christiam , Abrams Jesse
Published: July 2022

Analizamos el predicamento del desarrollo sustentable y regenerativo enmarcado en la experiencia globalizante del cambio global, con la gran aceleración de las últimas décadas. Con el fin de plantear opciones prácticas de adaptación al cambio climático y de incrementar la resiliencia, se presenta el caso del Chimborazo como referente global para incorporar la transdisciplinariedad de la montología, presentada como la ciencia convergente de las montañas, consideradas como híbridos de naturaleza y cultura. En la Reserva de Producción Faunística de Chimborazo, los objetivos de conservación y las prácticas de manejo del área protegida se han ceñido a los paradigmas antiguos de naturaleza prístina, en vez de reflejar la realidad de un sistema socioecológico productivo de data ancestral. Presentamos argumentos para reformular el status quo con la noética y la consiliencia de los nuevos paradigmas inclusivos, como la historicidad, la transgresividad y la referencialidad del estudio de montañas. Así reclamamos la necesidad de asignar al paisaje montano del Chimborazo con una nueva categoría; sea geoparque, reserva de la biosfera o sitio mundial de patrimonio mixto (natural y cultural).
Pelayanan Bus Patas dan Ekonomi Pada Trayek Antar Kota
Authors: Sulistyani Eka Lestari Sugiyanto
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian kinerja pelayanan bus antar kota cepat terbatas (patas) dan ekonomi. Dalam pengambilan data, digunakan skala likert (numerik) untuk pengukuran sikap, pendapat, dan persepsi penilaian dari responden dengan seperangkat pertanyaan yang diajukan untuk dijawab sesuai kondisi pelayanan operator bus. Survei melibatkan 100 penumpang varian bus patas dan 100 penumpang varian bus ekonomi. Metode pengolahan data statistik hasil penilaian responden menggunakan structural equation modelling dengan WarpPLS 7.0. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 5 variabel laten, terdiri 4 variabel independen dan 1 variabel dependen, dengan melibatkan 14 indikator yang digunakan. Hasil yang didapatkan kinerja pelayanan masih belum mencapai pada level yang memuaskan (puas) bagi para pengguna layanan/penumpang bus, tetapi sudah terpenuhi standar pelayanan minimum sesuai ketentuan yang ditetapkan pemerintah melalui regulasi peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Republik Indonesia No. 29 tahun 2015 tentang Standar Pelayanan Minimum Angkutan Orang dengan Kendaraan Bermotor Umum dalam Trayek. Pada kedua varian bus yang diteliti, kinerja pelayanan dipengaruhi oleh masing-masing terdiri faktor keamanan penumpang 4% bus patas dan 46% bus ekonomi, faktor keselamatan penumpang 44% bus patas dan 22% bus ekonomi, faktor kenyamanan penumpang 20% bus patas dan 8% bus ekonomi dan faktor keterjangkauan penumpang 30% bus patas dan 15% bus ekonomi. Pada penelitian ini juga dapat diungkapkan bahwa baik untuk varian bus patas maupun varian bus ekonomi, berdasarkan hasil penilaian responden (penumpang) menyatakan bahwa faktor keselamatan menjadi prioritas sangat penting untuk paling diutamakan. Kata kunci: Kinerja, responden dan partial least square.
Use of Lignin Fibers to Improve Mechanical Properties of Coated Wood
Authors: Abass Falak O. , Abass Raghad O. , Hussien Mukheled A.
Published: July 2022

In this research, a new method for the production of the blend consists of polyester resin as a matrix-binder at fixed weigh and different weighs of epoxy resin that can be used to coat wood is developed. Several experiments are performed under different conditions to identify the most favorable operating conditions for the preparation of blend (polyester/epoxy) resins. Optimum conditions, namely, mixing speed, mixing time, heating temperature and heating time are investigated and found experimentally as 500rpm, 5min, 750C and 6hr respectively. In addition, solid palms wastes (lignin) as reinforcement fibers is employed in order to improve the mechanical properties: impact strength, bending deflection and bending distortion of coated wood. The optimum ratio of prepared blend is characterized by the mechanical (impact and bending) tests of the untreated samples occurred at a ratio of polyester/epoxy resins of 0.91w/w. It showed the best bonding force and physical interaction between two resins. The impact strength of the treated samples with one and two layers of prepared lignin fibers are higher than that of the untreated sample, while the bending distortion and bending deflection of treated samples are lower than that of the untreated sample. Experimental results showed that the treated sample with biofibers (lignin) led to enhancement in the mechanical properties of coated wood.
Experimental Study of Ambient Air Temperature Effects on The Performance of a General Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle
Authors: Mustafa Ayaad T. , Ja’afar Bajeel M.
Published: July 2022

In this work an experimental study for the vapor – compression refrigeration cycle has been performed under temperature range of 9.7-32°C. The effect of varying temperature on heat exchangers pressures, cooling capacity, net power consumption, and coefficient of performance COP are studied . The results indicated that condenser pressure, evaporator pressure, and power consumption increased with the increase of temperature. The data also indicated that cooling capacity increased as temperature increased until 15.6°C then after it decreased with further temperature increase. Also COP follow the same tread of cooling capacity.
Performance Analysis of an Optical Gigabit Ethernet
Authors: Jaro Salah A.
Published: July 2022

The optical fiber is a very attractive communication medium since it offers a large bandwidth and low attenuation, and can therefore facilitate demanding services such as high-quality video transmission and others in computer networks. In this paper, a performance analysis of an optical gigabit ethernet performance using longer wavelength (C-Band) instead of O and E bands, and high Extinction Ratio (Er) value is presented. This performance analysis is represented by decrease the bit-error rate (BER), increase the number of nodes in the network, and increase the backbone cable length. Simulation results show improvement in the performance of the network when using 1550nm wavelength over the 1330nm wavelength for 1Gbps and 10Gbps. In addition, the results are compared for different values of Er where, higher values of Er give better performance. The work is software implemented using optical system simulator packet (OPTSIM 3.6).
A New Approach for Solid Waste Handling in Mosul City, Comparison Study with the Existing System
Authors: Hawas Ammar T. , Sa’ed Mohammad A.
Published: July 2022

Municipal Solid waste management constitutes a serious problem in many developing countries. Cities spend increasing resources to improve their Municipal solid waste management. Based on the concept that solid waste is a resource containing significant amounts of valuable materials, new approaches of solid waste management are adopted. The present work proposes a policy framework for improving a low-cost waste management system in Mosul city. The new approach induces additional services to the existing solid waste system to reduce the unit cost per ton of solid waste generated. The proposed system includes sorting, recycling and composting units.
This paper presents an application of a new computerized decision package for an integrated solid waste management within Mosul city. New software called "COSEPRE" is used to analyze the service cost for both existing and proposed solid waste management system. The input data is collected from different related directorates in Mosul city. Data that are difficult to be obtained are prepared by laboratory analysis or field investigations. The results revealed a 58% reduction in unit cost by employing the new system of solid waste management.
Bioprotection of Cucumis melo from Alternaria leaf spot by Glomus mosseae and Trichoderma harzianum
Authors: Matrood Abdulnabi Abbdul Ameer , Rhouma Abdelhak
Published: July 2022

Bioprotection de Cucumis melo contre maladie des taches foliaires par Glomus mosseae et Trichoderma harzianum. Alternaria alternata, responsable de l’alternariose des taches foliaires, est une propagation mondiale notamment en Irak. Cette maladie se caractérise par la formation de lésions sur les feuilles, entraînant des pertes substantielles de rendement et de qualité chez plusieurs espèces végétales telles que Cucumis melo (melon). Glomus mosseae et Trichoderma harzianum sont considérés comme une alternative écologique et respectueuse de l'environnement par rapport à l'utilisation des fongicides en raison de leur capacité intrinsèque à induire des voies antistress natives chez les plantes. Dans ce contexte, ces travaux de recherche ont été menées pour évaluer l'efficacité des bio-agents testés, G. mosseae et T. harzianum (en combinaison ou séparément), sur les melons infectés par A. alternata dans des conditions sous serre. G. mosseae et T. harzianum ont fourni de puissants effets inhibiteurs contre la maladie des taches foliaires, en diminuant le pourcentage de gravité (DSI = 31,35 et 40,39 %, respectivement) et l'indice de la maladie (DI = 1,30 et 1,49, respectivement). Les résultats obtenus ont révélé que le traitement du melon séparé contre cet agent pathogène aéroporté en utilisant G. mosseae et T. harzianum a généré la plus forte activité de la catalase (CAT = 5,678 et 3,389 unités/mg protéine/min, respectivement) et de la peroxydase (POX = 9,948 et 7,542 unités/g/ml/min, respectivement). Cependant, les résultats en cours ont révélé que la combinaison de G. mosseae et de T. harzianum réduisait de manière négligeable le DSI (47,04 %) et le DI (2,08) et augmentait la CAT (1,962 unités/mg de protéine/min) et la POX (3,08 unités/g/ ml/min). Pour lutter contre A. alternata dans le cadre de stratégies de lutte intégrée contre les ravageurs, des agents de lutte biologique (tels que G. mosseae et T. harzianum) doivent être pris en considération.
Methylation Confers Accessibility, Stability and Selectivity to Picrotoxinin
Authors: Tong Guanghu , Griffin Samantha , Sader Avery , Crowell Anna , Beavers Ken , Watson Jerry , Buchan Zachary , Chen Shuming , Shenvi Ryan
Published: July 2022

Natural product total synthesis enables gain of function through deep-seated modification of structure. Synthetic difficulty can, however, obstruct meaningful optimization campaigns. To simplify access, the complexity of the target (TGT) can be lowered—a strategy described within function-oriented synthesis. Alternatively, the chemical space immediately surrounding the TGT can be searched for analogs of equal or greater complexity that also simplify access. This strategy—dynamic retrosynthetic analysis—maintains most physicochemical properties of the TGT (locus in chemical space) but opens new synthetic paths unavailable to the natural product itself and can provide functional advantage. Here we experimentally interrogate these ideas by generation of two parallel series of picrotoxinin (PXN) analogs to identify leads with ligand-gated ion channel (LGIC) selectivity. One series derives from PXN via semi-synthesis, and the other from 5MePXN via total synthesis. Methylation at C5 decreases potency against vertebrate ion channels (GABAa receptors) but maintains or increases antagonism of homologous invertebrate GABA-gated chloride channels (RDL receptors). Optimal 5MePXN analogs appear to change the PXN binding pose within GABAARs by disruption of a hydrogen bond network. The C5 methyl also stabilizes the scaffold substantially against irreversible C15 solvolysis by destabilizing an intermediate twist-boat conformer, which returns to 5MePXN instead of progressing to degradant. These discoveries are made possible by the lower synthetic burden of 5MePXN and are illuminated by the parallel analog series, which allows unambiguous identification of the role of the synthetically simplifying C5 methyl. Rapid access to functionally-privileged analogs by TGT point mutation underscores the value of dynamic retrosynthetic analysis as a problem-solving heuristic.
Can range-separated functionals be optimally tuned to predict spectra and excited state dynamics in photoactive iron complexes?
Authors: Bokareva Olga , Zobel Patrick , Kruse Ayla , Baig Omar , Lochbrunner Stefan , Gonzalez Leticia , Kühn Oliver , Bokarev Sergey
Published: July 2022

Density functional theory is an efﬁcient computational tool to investigate photophysical and photochemical processes in transition metal complexes, giving invaluable assistance in the interpretation of spectroscopic and catalytic experiments. Optimally-tuned range-separated functionals are particularly promising, as they were created to cure some of the fundamental deﬁciencies present in approximate exchange-correlation functionals. In this paper, we scrutinize the selection of optimally tuned parameters and its inﬂuence on the excited state dynamics, using the example of the iron complex [Fe(cpmp)_2 ]^{2+} with push-pull ligands. Various tuning strategies are contemplated, based on pure self-consistent DFT protocols, as well as on the comparison with experimental spectra and multireference CASPT2 results. The two most promising sets of optimal parameters are then employed to carry out nonadiabatic surface-hopping dynamical simulations. Intriguingly, we ﬁnd that the two sets lead to very different relaxation pathways and timescales, showcasing the complexity of iron-complexes excited state landscapes and the difﬁculty of obtaining an unambiguous parametrization of long-range corrected functionals without experimental input.
Oxidative con-PET Catalysis for Arene Functionalization
Authors: Bieszczad Bartosz , Karl Tobias , Rolka Alessa , Nuernberger Patrick , Kutta Roger , Koenig Burkhard
Published: July 2022

We report the first successful use of consecutive two-photon accumulation of visible light energy to obtain ultra-high oxidation potentials (> +3 V vs. saturated calomel electrode) enabled by a new class of rationally designed cyclic triarylamine photocatalysts. We demonstrate its practical and synthetic utility in a series of reactions of electron deficient arenes and fluoroarenes with N-nucleophiles. We identified that the photocatalytic reaction is initiated by the lowest excited state of the photocatalyst’s radical cation which abstracts an electron from the substrate only at non-diffusive/direct contact encounters, i.e. the omnipresence of substrate as co-solvent, since the excited radical cation lives only for ps. Neither pre-assembly nor a specific ‘anti-Kasha’ reactivity of a higher excited electronic state is observed. This method may serve as a promising basis for yet unexplored chemical reactions of substrates with very high oxidation potential and presents an attractive alternative to existing methods.
Unexpected reversal of reactivity in organic functionalities when immobilized together in a metal-organic framework (MOF)
Authors: Matseketsa Pricilla , Mafukidze Donovan , Pothupitiya Lahiru , Averkiev Boris , Gadzikwa Tendai
Published: July 2022

A pillared, mixed-ligand metal-organic framework (MOF) material composed of both amine- and hydroxyl-bearing linkers was incubated with a variety of isocyanates for reaction. The hydroxyl groups were converted to the corresponding carbamates to a greater extent than the amines were converted to the corresponding ureas. The apparent superior reactivity of the hydroxyls conflicts with the relative nucleophilicities previously observed for the reactions of these functionalities with other electrophiles in the same MOF. When the reactive linkers were immobilized individually in monofunctional MOFs, the amine-functionalized linker was more reactive than the hydroxyl-bearing linker. This result indicates that the reversal in reactivity observed for isocyanates is due to the confinement of the two functionalities together within the MOF pores.