bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research and Development of Intelligent Clothing for Subaxillary lymphedema Protection
Authors: Yejuan Hu , Hongfang Wu
Published: February 2021

In view of the problem that patients with subaxillary lymphedema are prone to recurring edema after treatment, a wearable edema monitoring and alarm system is designed to enable the wearer to effectively monitor the edema state, to avoid the pain caused by arm edema. The system uses FSR resistive ribbon film pressure sensor, voltage conversion module, and arduino control board FLORA as the control core. The electronic components are combined with the clothing. The sensor converts the pressure signal to the voltage conversion module. When the pressure value of the wearer’s arm edema exceeds the voltage conversion module threshold, the buzzer and threshold value LED light will send out an alarm signal. FLORA is connected with the voltage conversion module to detect real-time edema pressure data. Considering the wearability of the electronic module and the washability of the long-sleeved shirt, the FSR resistive ribbon film pressure sensor is designed around the upper arm of the long-sleeved shirt, the voltage conversion module and the arduino control board FLORA are placed in pocket of the long-sleeved shirt to realize the research and development of subaxillary lymphedema protective intelligent clothing.
Design of Wearable Communication Equipment in Metallurgical Noise Environment
Authors: Li Yuhong , Li Zhaoling , Yu Xiaokun
Published: February 2021

The environmental noise and earplug usage in metallurgical industry can easily compromise the information transmission among workers, which increases the risk of accidents. Therefore, in the context of steel rolling operation, developing a wearable device that can transmit instructions through graphical language is necessary to replace the traditional form of body communication. Based on field investigation, questionnaire survey, and in-depth interview, the communication demands of front-line operators were acquired, and information about working site, working language, and communication gestures was collected. The functional operation process and electronic product components were selected based on the wearability, displaying effects, and environmental applicability of image transmission carriers. An intelligent wearable device combining gesture and touch screen controls was designed and further developed. The device is easily put on and taken off, possesses high flexibility, and allows natural interactions. This design minimizes the communication difficulty caused by noise during steel rolling operation, and ensures that information, in required languages, can accurately transmit towards different regions of the metallurgical industry through visual information transmission.
Study on the Design of Intelligent Positioning Clothing for Preventing the Elderly from Getting Lost
Authors: Wang Shi , Li Youran , Chen Xing
Published: February 2021

In response to the increasing trend of population aging and the frequent loss of the elderly in China, the modern intelligent positioning technology is applied to clothing. Based on the modern electronic technology, Laut Air 530 positioning module is installed in clothing by means of special process to develop a type of Intelligent positioning clothing for preventing the elderly from getting lost, which works with an App. According to the research results, this type of Intelligent positioning clothing for preventing the elderly from getting lost is able to trace location of the elderly quickly and prevent the elderly from getting lost effectively.
Design, Development and Preparation of Pouched Scuba-Knitting Spaced Fabric
Authors: Liyun Kuang , Liwei WU
Published: February 2021

Objective To improve the protection of human joints and avoid the injury caused by falls in the elderly. By testing and evaluating the wearability and mechanical properties of the pouched scuba-knitting fabric with no filling material, filled with EPS and POM, this paper provides a theoretical basis for the development of the protection products for the elderly. Methodology Using nylon filament and spandex stretch yarn as raw materials, two kinds of cushioning materials, EPS and POM, are respectively filled into pouched scuba-knitting weft-knitted structure. Results Due to the limit of 3mm spacing between front and rear needle beds of the computerized flat knitting machine, among all kinds of samples tested, the air permeability of EPS is stronger than that of POM with the increase of EPS sphere diameter. Because EPS spheres are more easily attached to water, the moisture permeability is shown to be the best. The mass loss of non-filled fabric is the greatest in the wear resistance test. Due to the characteristics of weft-knitted fabrics, there is no obvious difference among the three kinds of knitted fabrics in the tests of bursting, stretch recovery, pilling. Conclusion The pouched scuba-knitting structure filled with EPS is more suitable for the design and production of the protective fabric for the elderly afterwards.
Development and Application of Infrared Radiation Materials in the Field of Textile and Clothing
Authors: Yan Qingshuai , Xin Binjie , Liu Yan
Published: February 2021

In this paper, a review of the development of infrared radiation materials and preparation methods in the field of functional textiles is conducted, focused on the introduction of technologies used for the development and preparation of infrared radiation functional textiles. Four kinds of functional textiles with far-infrared, infrared radiation refrigeration, infrared radiation heat preservation and infrared radiation heat regulation separately are emphasized. On this basis, the prospects of development and application of infrared radiation materials in the field of textile and clothing are discussed.
Study on the application of darkening agent Y-6473 on cotton fabric
Authors: Shi Wenqi , Cheng Fan , Chen Zhijun
Published: February 2021

This paper explored the effect of new darkening agent depth-adding to promote active dyes in fabric dyeing process. Contrast the depth effect after treated, the pure cotton woven fabric dyed with reactive black dye KN-B were treated by Y-6473. The results showed that the apparent color difference and light of the fabric increased significantly, the color fullness increased and hand feeling improved to a certain extent after processing. The production and environmental requirements were considered, the optimal dosage of the extender Y-6473 was 25g. L-1, baking temperature & time were 160-170 °C and 90-120s respectively. High washing stability and mass concentration can be adjusted according to the requirements.
Facile formation and photocatalytic performance of flexible WO3/TiO2/Wool fabric composite
Authors: Hu Xiaoxia , Zhang Caiyun , Liu Baojiang
Published: February 2021

In this work, a visible-light driven flexible WO3/TiO2/wool fabric composite photocatalyst was prepared and the photocatalytic performance was studied. Compared with other mole ratios of WO3/TiO2, the 0.18-WO3/TiO2 composite exhibited the strongest photocatalytic activity. Then, the WO3/TiO2/wool composites loaded by 0.18-WO3/TiO2 were used to degrade C.I. KN-R with different initial concentrations. The results showed that the C.I. KN-R could be almost complete degradation with lower concentrations (50 mg/L and 100 mg/L) after irradiation under visible light in 120 min. For higher initial concentration, more amounts of catalysts or longer reaction time may be required to achieve a complete degradation. Moreover, the stability and reusability of WO3/TiO2/wool composites were measured.
Research progress on infrared stealth fabric
Authors: Zhou Xi , Xin Binjie , Liu Yan
Published: February 2021

According to the detection method of infrared detection system and Stefan-Boltzmann’s law, the working principle of infrared stealth is analyzed. Some methods for achieving infrared stealth effect are summarized: reducing the infrared emissivity of fabric surface and controlling the surface temperature of fabric. The research included four kinds of infrared stealth materials such as low emissivity coating materials, temperature control coating materials, intelligent stealth clothing materials and bio-bionic stealth materials. The problems existing in the research of infrared stealth fabrics are pointed out. On this basis, the future development direction of infrared stealth materials is prospected.
Application of atmospheric pressure low temperature plasma in cotton fabric desizing
Authors: Yan J , Du H , Zhu G W , Cui Y F , Yu X Y , Cheng D H , Lu Y H , Li H
Published: February 2021

In order to solve the problem of high energy consumption and high pollution in traditional alkali desizing process of cotton fabric, atmospheric pressure low temperature plasma was used to treat pure cotton fabric containing sizing. Through single factor variable experiment, the optimum desizing process was determined. The optimum process conditions were as follows: the optimum treatment power of plasma is 400 W, the optimum treatment time is 15 min, the distance between discharge electrode and grey cloth is 1 mm, the optimum alkali boiling concentration is 8 g/L. Compared to traditional desizing process, the usage of caustic soda was saved by 60%.
Applications of MXene-based composite fibers in smart textiles
Authors: Guo Z , Li Y , Lu Z , Liu W
Published: February 2021

MXenes, a new family of early transition metal carbides or carbonitrides, have shown much promise over other 2D materials, due to the excellent conductivity, high power density, reliable cycling life and multifunctional applications. In general, the rich tunable surface terminations and chemical hydrophilicity of MXenes make them as attractive candidates in terms of energy-storage, sensors and shielding applications, especially in portable, wearable and flexible smart textiles. This review presents a brief phylogeny, synthesis, structural characteristics of MXene, and main applications of MXene-based composite in smart textiles, representing the tuning of properties for applications including fiber-based supercapacitors, sensors and electromagnetic shielding. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of MXene in textiles are also considered.
Preparation of Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Blend Films
Authors: Fan Hongdou , Huang Ao , Zhou Shuiqing , Hu Zhanao , Yan Shuqin , Zhang Qiang
Published: February 2021

Regenerated silk fibroin (SF) has excellent biocompatibility and degradability, but its mechanical properties need to be improved. As the most widely distributed and most abundant polysaccharide in nature, the advantage of cellulose material is its good strength and modulus. In this study, SF was dissolved in formic acid and calcium chloride solution. Then glycerol and ultrasonic microcrystalline cellulose were added, and the SF/cellulose blend film was prepared by the delayed flow method. The properties of the blend films were characterized by a series of tests such as electron microscope, FTIR, tensile strength, and so on. The results showed that when the ratio of cellulose to SF reached 30 to 70 and the addition of glycerol was 30% of the total solute, the properties of SF/cellulose blend films were the best. The addition of micro-nano-cellulose fiber improved the mechanical properties of the blend film, and the addition of glycerol greatly improved the flexibility of the blend film, which expanded the application of SF/cellulose blend films in the field of biomaterials.
Application of electrospun composite textile fabrics in the field of biomedicine and medical textiles
Authors: Huang Yifan , Wang Lei , Zelin Bao , Li Tingxiao , Xin Binjie
Published: February 2021

With the continuous improvement of people’s understanding of the special properties and high adaptability of such nanomaterials, more and more researches began to focus on nanomaterials and nanocomposite structures. Among them, electrospinning technology is a preparation method with simple operation, wide adaptability of raw materials and easy realization of large-scale production of nanomaterials. Electrospun nanofibers have a high specific surface area and porosity, which not only has a wide range of applications in the field of biomedicine, but also shows great application potential in the fields of filter materials and personal protection. Electrospinning technology can directly process drugs into film, tube, layer and coating shapes coated with other materials. By adjusting the processing parameters and adjusting the diameter and length of the fiber, the resulting spun material can be very convenient to obtain the products we need. Therefore, the composite structure produced by combining electrospinning with other materials will also provide ideas for solving the problem of unstable size and release time of nano drug carriers in the actual process in the future.
Preparation and Application of lignin carbon fiber
Authors: Xu Xiating , Pan Hong , Shen Qian , Tan Xinyu , Ding Danni , Wang Yunxia
Published: February 2021

Lignin is an ideal raw material for the preparation of carbon materials with high carbon content and rich sources. In this paper, lignin carbon materials were prepared from coconut shell by a simple method. UV resistance and the adsorption properties of lignin carbon materials were studied. The application potential of lignin carbon materials in textiles was explored, which laid a solid theoretical foundation for the recycling of lignin and the realization of sustainable development.
Preparation of n-alkylated quaternary ammonium chitosan and its application in antibacterial finishing of rabbit hair fabric
Authors: Jiang Yingxue , Zhang Yi , Zhang Hao , Zhu Ruoying , Bai Yuhan , Yu Ye
Published: February 2021

Alkylated chitosan was obtained by alkylation of chitosan(CTS) with n-butyraldehyde, the product was then reacted with trichlorodihydroxypropyl triethyl ammonium chloride(CHPTAC-ethyl) to form n-alkylated quaternary ammonium chitosan. Its chemical structure was characterized by FTIR, and its physicochemical properties, such as viscosity-average molecular weight and solubility, were determined by viscosity and spectrophotometry. The antimicrobial activity of the modified chitosan was determined by the minimal antimicrobial method, and the minimum effective antimicrobial concentration (MIC) of the product against escherichia coli was 0.15g/L, which was better than the MIC value of the natural chitosan. Using citric acid as cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphate as catalyst, the antibacterial finishing of rabbit hair fabric with modified chitosan showed that the antibacterial rate of n-alkylated quaternary ammonium chitosan to Escherichia coli was over 99.9%, and the antibacterial rate was better than that of natural chitosan, and it was a kind of good natural macromolecule antibacterial finishing agent for animal hair fabric.
Developments in Electrospinning of Nanofiber Yarns
Authors: Zhou Baoming , Jiang Xiaodong , Wang Rui , Yuan Xiaoting , Liu Yong
Published: February 2021

Electrospinning technology has great advantages in the preparation of continuous nanofiber materials. Nanofiber yarn has better performance in fiber orientation and mechanical properties than traditional nanofiber membrane. In this paper, the spinning principle and yarn structure of electrospun nanofiber yarns in recent years are summarized. In terms of yarn structure, nanofiber yarns can be divided into pure nanofiber yarns and micro/nanofiber composite yarns. Based on the spinning principle, pure nanofiber yarns are divided into orientation type and twist type, and micro/nanofiber composite yarns are divided into core-spun yarn, wrapped yarn, and blended yarn. Through the analysis of devices and microstructure of nanofiber yarns, it is found that the micro/nanofiber composite yarns can not only retain the functionality of nanometer fibers but also meet the requirements of weaving and knitting processes, which are expected to be used in practical production as high-performance functional yarns.
Analysis of the Status of Skin-Friendly Textiles
Authors: Hu Lizhu , Wang Feng , Zhang Xiuling , Gan Yingjin , Liu Yunjuan
Published: February 2021

In order to help consumers properly understand skin-friendly textiles, the research status of skin-friendly textile products was summarized. This paper expounded the skin-friendly textiles from the aspects of material, finishing, and analyzed the characteristics of skin-friendly textiles. It is pointed out that skin-friendly textiles perform well in terms of breathability, anti-static properties, moisture absorption, quick-drying, human safety and tactile feel. In addition, the five performance indexes are summarized and analyzed in order to provide reference for the objective evaluation of skin-friendly textiles. Finally, skin-friendly textiles are proposed as one of the trends in functional textile products.
Effect of thermal bonding layers on interlaminar shear strength of laminated composites
Authors: Qianqian Fang , Li Chen
Published: February 2021

In this paper, the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of laminated composites with thermal bonding layers was measured by short beam shear (SBS) method to evaluate the effect of different contents of thermal bonding layers on the properties of laminated composites. It is characterized by using a certain interlacing law to lay the thermal bonding fibers into a regular mesh layer. By placing the thermal bonding layers between carbon fabrics, the two adjacent carbon fabrics can be bonded together by the thermal bonding layers through hot-press actions to help achieve overall integrity of preform with complex structure. This kind of special thermal bonding layers is prepared using thermoplastic nylon fiber (TPNF) with a low melting point. The thermal bonding layers were prepared with five different contents (2.08%, 4.17%, 6.25%, 8.33% and 10.42%) of TPNF. The resin transfer molding (RTM) process was used to prepare the laminated composites with thermal bonding layers. And the laminated composites without TPNF (0%) were also prepared as control group. Furthermore, the SBS test was conducted at room temperature. The experimental results show that the content of TPNF has a certain effect on the interlaminar properties of laminated composites, and 2.08% of TPNF increased the ILSS, indicating that proper addition of thermal bonding layer can not only help to achieve overall integrity of complex geometry shape preform, but also improve interlaminar properties of composites.
Preparation of silk fibroin and graphene composite membrane and its response driving performance test
Authors: Wang Yuting , Yang Xin , Liu Run , Chen Kaiyi , Chen Zhexi , Liu Yuqing
Published: February 2021

With the development of materials, intelligent materials have the functions of sensing, controlling and driving objects, self-adaptive repair and so on, so they have been widely used. Silk fibroin fiber is a kind of natural protein, which is formed by silk degumming, insoluble in water, and can be decomposed gradually in alkaline solution without irritation and side effects, so it has a good prospect of biological application. The silk fibroin film was mixed with graphene composites, and the intelligent materials for functional response were prepared by means of the excellent optical and thermal properties of graphene. The biaxially oriented polypropylene film (BOPP) / silk fibroin bilayer composite film was prepared by the simple composite method, which showed good thermal response bending deformation properties. The graphene solution was dripped on one side of the fibroin film by a dripping method. After low-temperature drying, the final BOPP/SF/RGO/PEDOT:PSS composite film was prepared by adding a layer of poly (3meme 4-ethylenedioxythiophene / polystyrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The flexible film driver was prepared, which can respond to multiple stimuli under light, heat and humidity.
Preparation of cellulose/sodium alginate/sepiolite porous microspheres and their adsorption properties for methylene blue
Authors: Li Tingting , Li Ruixue , Ma Zheng , Yang Anting , Jiao Chenlu , Wang Jian
Published: February 2021

To improve the feasibility of cellulose microspheres for application in wastewater treatment, microcrystalline cellulose/sodium alginate/sepiolite (MSS) composite porous microspheres were synthesized via a two-step method of self-assembly and suspension droplet. The as-prepared MSS microspheres were characterized by SEM, FT-IR and XRD analyses, and the results display that the MSS microspheres possess a layered cross-linked porous structure. Parameters affecting dye uptake (such as pH and sepiolite content) were evaluated, and pH of 7 and MSS-30 microsphere were taken as the optimal removal environment and adsorbent. The maximum adsorption capacity of MSS-30 microsphere was found to be 319.5 mg/g, indicating an efficient and feasible adsorbent for MB removal from wastewater.
3D garment model reconstruction based on scattered point cloud
Authors: Wang Qiaoli , Xu Zengbo , Yang Si
Published: February 2021

We describe a method to quickly reconstruct 3D garment model. We first use a depth camera scanning device to quickly obtain 3D point cloud data on the surface of the clothing, pre-process the point cloud data. Then combining the region growth algorithm and Delaunay triangulation algorithm, we propose a surface reconstruction algorithm that takes undirected point clouds as input and generates interpolated surfaces in the form of triangulation to reconstruct the clothing model. We build this systematic 3D garment modeling program. Through our method we obtain a uniformly distributed grid, smooth patches, and also retain the original shape of the clothing point cloud. Our method increases the convenience of garment modelling, reduces the manpower and time for garment modeling, helps expand the garment database of the virtual fitting system, and provides ideas for garment electronic sales.
Optimization decision of cooperative emission reduction of clothing supply chain based on carbon tax
Authors: Lang Lingling , Liu Zheng , Hu Bin
Published: February 2021

Clothing products will cause environmental pollution while promoting economic development. The government collects carbon tax on clothing products to restrict the carbon emission of enterprises. In order to protect the environment and reduce the carbon tax penalty, Stackelberg model is established to compare the optimal decision-making and profit under the centralized decision-making and decentralized decision-making. It is found that no matter whether it is centralized decision or decentralized decision making, the retail price of clothing, carbon emission reduction and clothing demand increase with the increase of carbon tax, while the profit of supply chain system shows a downward trend. We can also get manufacturers and retailers can get higher supply chain system profits under centralized decision-making, and can meet the needs of environment, market and enterprises at the same time.
Green Retailing: The Influence of Clothing Display Props on Consumer Behavior
Authors: Wang M Y , Wang X Y , Xu J , Zhang R Q , Zhang L
Published: February 2021

The operation of small and medium-sized clothing stores (SMCS) alleviates the excessive consumption of resources caused by e-commerce logistics. The display props that enhance the image of stores are important for SMCS. In this work, we use survey questionnaire, field experiment and statistical analysis of SPSS including Chi-square goodness-of-fit test, Chi-square test, Multiple Response and Contingency Table to analyze the use of display props in SMCS. Results are as follows: first, props in clothing stores will affect the consumers’ purchase decision, and the coordination of props can improve the sales of stores. Second, the store should pay attention to the aesthetics, interest and functionality of the display props. Third, the general methods of using props to promote SMCS’ sales include creating the display atmosphere, optimizing the space layout, strengthening the window image and enhancing the fitting experience.
Impact of environmental attitude and materialism on apparel disposal intention
Authors: Cao Hongrui , Shao Peng
Published: February 2021

Sustainability is an important rising trend in the apparel industry. Accordingly, this study focuses on the influence of environmental attitude, materialism, channel integration, and other factors on apparel disposal recycling intention in an omni-channel retailing environment. The main findings are as follows: materialism has a significant positive impact, channel integration quality has a significant negative impact, and environmental attitude has no significant impact on impulsive consumption. Next, environmental attitude, impulsive consumption, and channel integration exert significant positive effects on used apparel recycling intention. Finally, improving channel consistency could increase female consumers’ willingness to recycle used clothes more than that of male consumers.
Comparison the iterative solvers for large sparse matrix in 3D electromagnetic forward modelling
Authors: Wang Yongfei , Guo Rongwen , Liu Jianxin , Chen Hang , Li Jian , Liu Rong
Published: February 2021

In 3D electromagnetic (EM) forward modeling, an analytical solution is generally not available. Numerical solution is commonly applied to solve the forward modeling problems, mostly based on iterative solvers. The efficiency of EM forward modeling is critical for the development of practical inversion for EM data. The Krylov subspace solvers are widely used to solve frequency-domain EM forward modeling problems. However, these solvers converge remarkably more slowly as the operating period increases. This can be improved by the use of preconditioner and divergence correction. Multigrid (MG) solver is efficient for solving EM forward modelling problems without the use of preconditioner and divergence correction. In this paper, a MG solver is compared with Bi-Conjugate Gradients Stabilized (BCG) solvers with different preconditioners. They are compared, in terms of iteration number and computing time, indicating the MG solver is much more efficient.
Calculation of Filling Ratio of Fissures for Curtain Grouting by Acoustic Velocity of Rock Masses
Authors: Liu Haitao , Xu Fuxing , Dong Liang , Xiong Youliang
Published: February 2021

In the construction of hydropower projects, the detection method for curtain grouting has not been recognized for the filling the fissures at present. This paper calculates the filling ratio of fissures in rock masses using acoustic velocity data before and after grouting. According to a simplified two-phase model of rock mass, a calculation formula of filling ratio for rock mass fissures is derived from acoustic velocity. The rock mass velocity ratio curve before grouting is fitted according to Poisson distribution formula to obtain the rock mass velocity, and then the filling ratio for rock mass fissure grouting is calculated by combining water, cement, rock mass velocity before and after grouting. The filling ratio of fissures in the rock mass after curtain grouting by using the acoustic velocity of the rock mass in a hydropower project can be mutually verified by the results of the borehole TV and water pressure test.
Automatic robotic scanning and inspection mechanism for mines using IoT.
Authors: Qadri Ibrahim , Muneer Amgad , Fati Suliman Mohamed
Published: February 2021

The mining industry has been recognized as one of the most hazardous industry. With the growth of the industry, the number of human casualties has increased. The mines can be very lethal for workers or in the event of an accident or with high humidity and temperature leading to workers fainting. Some of the problems that besets are of air blast, ground movement, dust explosion, inundation etc. This study reviews the common problems associated with Carbon Monoxide content with temperature and humidity. In this paper, we assemble an automatic robotic scanning and inspection mechanism for mines that is designed and assembled to recognize Carbon Monoxide (CO), humidity and temperature variance inside the mines. The proposed system employees a mobile robot that can be manually controlled by a self-developed mobile application and an Internet of Things (IoT) system. The sensors included take the input from the air and transmit them to the mobile application using Bluetooth module. The experimental results show that the IoT achieved an accuracy of 97.5 % for the mobile robot and the sensor system.
Influence of Nb and Zr co-doping on the structural, morphological and dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics
Authors: Hasan M K , Shant S H , Islam M Z , Haque M E
Published: February 2021

In this work, CaCu3Ti3.8-xNb0.2ZrxO12 (where x=0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2) ceramics were made using the normal solid-state reaction method to assess the influence of Nb5+ & Zr4+ codoping on the structure, morphology and electrical properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. Reitveld refinement by Fullprof package was done to achieve the structural information. No phase transformation was observed upon doping. The CCTNZO ceramics occupied a finegrained microstructure with grain sizes ranges from 0.26-0.33 μm. Furthermore, grain size uniformity was enhanced with gradual doping of Zr4+ ion. within the meantime, the CCTNZO ceramics unfolds extensive durability of dielectric constant over a good range of frequency and also shows a lower loss factor. Doping resulted during a gradual decrease in grain sizes and a dielectric loss at low and high frequency. It had been found that 10% of Zr doped CCTNZO ceramics has the very best dielectric constant (3655) at 0.1 kHz. Meanwhile, rock bottom dielectric loss of 0.241 at 0.1 kHz was observed for 20% Zr doped CCTNZO ceramics.
Video quality evaluation and testing verification of H.264, HEVC, VVC and EVC video compression standards
Authors: Subbarayappa Shreyanka , Rao K R
Published: February 2021

This paper is a comparative analysis with respect to video compression, coding efficiency with respect to performance and quality of the compressed video of Advanced Video Coding (H.264), High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), Versatile Video Coding (VVC) and MPEG-5 Essential Video Coding (EVC). The approach used for coding and comparative analysis is by keeping the video quality (QP) and group of pictures (GOP) constant for all the four codecs. Performance with respect to quality and coding efficiency is tabulated with respect to objective quality metrics analysis like (PSNR, M-SSIM, Bitrate, compression ratio) and subjective quality analysis. From both these techniques, it is observed that the VVC is superior to EVC, HEVC and H.264 in terms of compression. Therefore, more bitrate savings is observed for VVC which is 15% to 45% more when compared to EVC. Due to the complexity of the encoder block, VVC takes almost twice the time taken to encode EVC and HEVC taking the least time to encode the video bit streams. The conclusion of the quality of video keeping system parameters constant, showed VVC performing better than EVC, followed by HEVC and then H.264 for both objective and subjective analysis. Time taken to decode the encoded sequences is almost same with very less delta difference between the video codecs. The codec configurations with algorithmic enhancements is also explained in this paper.
The influence of electromagnetic waves on conductivity tensor in the presence of laser field in quantum wells with parabolic potential for the case of electrons-acoustic phononscattering
Authors: Ngoc Hoang Van
Published: February 2021

In quantum well studies, the conductivity tensor problem is one of the fundamental problems. In this work the topic covered here is the effect of electromagnetic waves on the conductivity tensor with the presence of a laser field in a quantum well with a parabolic potential considering the case ofelectrons-acoustic phonon scattering. By using quantum kinetic equations for electrons in quantum wells with parabolic potential, the author has calculated conductivity tensor with electrons–acoustic phonon scattering in the presence of an electromagnetic wave field and a laser field. The expression tensor for conductivity shows its dependence on the frequency of the electromagnetic wave field, the frequency of the laser field, and other parameters specific to the system. From the conductivity tensor expression plotted the effect of the electromagnetic wave field on the conductivity tensor in the presence of the laser field. The quantum well is discussed and plotted here is the GaAs/GaAsAl quantum well.
Lifetime study of white organic light emitting diodes fabricated by both solution and vacuum evaporation processes
Authors: Juang Fuh-Shyang , Huang Kuo Chun , Chen Jeng Yue , Kuo Lin , Hong Lin Ann
Published: February 2021

In this study, a white light organic light-emitting diode is fabricated by solution processes. The focus of the research is to extend the lifetime of device. A hole transport layer doped with P-type material (F4-TCNQ) and a stepped electron transport layer TPBi (blocking holes and lowering the LUMO energy level) were employed in the device structure. And each layer thickness was optimized. At 9 V, the brightness can reach 206 cd/m2, current efficiency 1.29 cd/A, and the device lifetime is extended from 0.8 to 8 hours. The CIE color-coordinates of white OLED samples are (0.38, 0.28).
Evaluating RMS based continuous S-Transform with deep learning for detecting and classifying voltage sag and swell
Authors: Daud Kamarulazhar , Sarohe Syazreena , Saidon Wan Salha , Omar Saodah , Ismail Nurlida , Kasim Nazirah Mohamat
Published: February 2021

Voltage sag and swell can cause serious problems like instability, short lifetime, and data errors in power quality. The objective of this paper is to present the detection and classification of voltage sag and swell. S-Transform is used as a base to detect the triggering point of disturbances using Root Mean Square (RMS) method. This paper also presents the type of sags and swells by applying the features into Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) neural network approach in MATLAB. In addition, ELM method is compared with Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree method to observe the best classification between these three methods. The accuracy of the classifications was displayed in percentages. It was verified that the detection using RMS and classification using ELM are possible because the results are clearly showing the advantages of the RMS in detecting and ELM for classifying the power quality problems.
Hand gesture recognition on python and opencv
Authors: Ismail Ahmad Puad , Aziz Farah Athirah Abd , Kasim Nazirah Mohamat , Daud Kamarulazhar
Published: February 2021

Hand gesture recognition is one of the system that can detect the gesture of hand in a real time video. The gesture of hand is classify within a certain area of interest. In this study, designing of the hand gesture recognition is one of the complicated job that involves two major problem. Firstly is the detection of hand. Another problem is to create the sign that is suitable to be used for one hand in a time. This project concentrates on how a system could detect, recognize and interpret the hand gesture recognition through computer vision with the challenging factors which variability in pose, orientation, location and scale. To perform well for developing this project, different types of gestures such as numbers and sign languages need to be created in this system. The image taken from the realtime video is analysed via Haar-cascaded Classifier to detect the gesture of hand before the image processing is done or in the other word to detect the appearance of hand in a frame. In this project, the detection of hand will be done using the theories of Region of Interest (ROI) via Python programming. The explanation of the results will be focused on the simulation part since the different for the hardware implementation is the source code to read the real-time input video. The developing of hand gesture recognition using Python and OpenCV can be implemented by applying the theories of hand segmentation and the hand detection system which use the Haar-cascade classifier.
Control Structures Implementation to Allow High Penetration of a VSC within an Isolated Power System
Authors: Curto D , Favuzza S , Musca R , Navarro Navia M , Zizzo G
Published: February 2021

: Recently, the increasing occurrence of power instability caused by alternative energy sources has attracted the possibility of implementing Energy Storage System (ESS), capable of supplying the energy necessary to improve the energy quality within the grid. Therefore, the attention of researchers has been drawn on the behaviour that has the connection of the ESS, based on internal controllers such as Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM) and a Classical Control Cascade (CCC), for different ESS power ranges. In this context, this paper deals with the implementation of an ESS represented by a Voltage Source Converter (VSC) employing control techniques of VSM and CCC simulated in PScad environment in three cases: in the first case, the power system in the steady-state is seen during the description of the controls; in the second case, the power system in the presence of a fault; in the third case, the power system with a load at the PCC. Finally, a fusion CCC-VSM using a grid impedance estimator is implemented with different current reference controls considering Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) values that represent the weak and robust grid
Influence of nanosilica, metakaolin and Polypropylene Fiber on dynamic and physicomechanical properties of Portland cement mortar
Authors: El-Kattan Ibrahim M , Tawfik T A , Metwally K A , Faried A S , Zakid W
Published: February 2021

This study presents an experimental research conducted to inspect the impact of partial substitution through the usage of nano silica (NS) and metakaolin (MK) on cement mortars (CMs). Besides to, the effect of the additive usage such as polypropylene (PP) on the dynamic and physicomechanical properties of CMs as single and combined effect. CM was formed through the usage of different substitution ratios of nano silica varying from 2 to 6% and metakaolin varying from 10 to 30 wt %, by cement weight, where the considered content for PP fiber was at 0.2%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), flexural strength, and Compressive strength analysis are demonstrated in this paper. Results illustrated that, physicomechanical and dynamic properties of CMs positively enhanced as a result of using a mixture of PP, nano silica, and metakaolin. The CMs that included 0.2% PP, 4% NS, and 20% MK, showed the highest impact on physicomechanical properties compared to other mortar specimens.
Green data collection strategy in the science domain for environmental sustainability
Authors: Egirani Davidson E , Shehata Nabila
Published: February 2021

There is a recognition by modern communities world-wide, that the steadily increasing level of activities in the science domain and population growth, lead to an increase in environmental pressure on critical areas. There is a need, therefore, for stakeholders to critically appraise principles, policies, and practices that could lead to the best practices required for sustainable science activities and environmental management that is driven by green data collection, green principles, and green practices. The models involved in green data collection in science include finance-environment-community-science domain model (FECS), environment-community-science domain-finance model (ECSF), and the science domain, finance, environment-community model (SFEC). SFEC is a novel framework and is being applied in the management of active science domain, abandoned science domain, thus, providing reasonable economic and environmental benefits to the science players and non-science communities. The green data collection strategy is for enhancing social, economic, and environmental resource performance. This strategy has been tested in the Philippines. The formulation of the green data collection strategic framework involved a desktop review of previous and existing local, regional, and national data collection strategies. Consequently, visits are made to active science domain and discussions held with stakeholders. In this paper, the role of information, education, and communication have been revisited and fits adequately into the novel “green data collection model” being advanced for all players in the science domain. The absence of this framework poses the most challenging aspect of prosperity offered by the quality, quantity, diversity, and the sustainability of the science domain. Therefore, this paper has discussed the content of the green data collection strategic plan, anchored on a sustainable-controlled planning cycle. This approach could drive and sustain the harmony between man, science, and the environment.
A novel merging solar parabolic collector with thermoelectric generator using geothermal energy
Authors: Atta A E , Shehata Nabila , Mohamed Hamdy F M , Ali Mohamed R. O.
Published: February 2021

Geothermal energy is probably the biggest wellspring of sustainable power sources. Compared with sunlight and wind power the geothermal power has numerous focal points, including being impenetrable to climate changes, having a steady base burden, and high heat productivity (for the high-temperature geothermal assets). In any case, the total capacity of installed geothermal energy plants falls behind sun based and wind. In this work, the geothermal power has been converged with solar energy. A test model concentrator thermoelectric generator utilizing an explanatory dish concentrator was created and tried. A sunlight-based gatherer has been utilized as the hotspot for the hot side of the thermoelectric module and the geothermal power has been applied as the cold wellspring for the cold side for the thermoelectric module. An electric flow as per the Seebeck hypothesis has been produced, as another wellspring of the sustainable power source. The capability of utilizing concentrated sunlight-based power age framework dependent on the thermoelectric module and geothermal power has been examined. The maximum voltage 11.7 V was obtained in the present work, when the maximum temperature for the hot side 93 °C and cold side 21°C.
Catalytic thermochemical cracking of polyethylene over nanocomposite bentonite clay
Authors: Hamouda A S , Acharjee P , Abdelrahman A , Radwan A M , Zaki A H , Farghali A , Mohamed H F M , Yadav A , Bhatnagar A , Goel A
Published: February 2021

Catalytic thermochemical cracking of polyethylene has been investigated in presence of a series of bentonite clay based nanocomposite with a view toward assessing their suitability in a process for converting plastic waste to fuel. Metal oxides such as manganese oxide (MnO), titanium oxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) were impregnated with sodium montomorillonite bentonite. The clay catalysts were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scan electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometers. The effect of different catalysts on the composition and the yield of gaseous was evaluated. ZnO nanocomposite bentonite clay achieved the highest methane gas formation around 93%. The superior catalytic performance of nanocomposites is probably attributed to their uniform dispersed of oxides particles on montmorillonite support.
Effect of nanoparticles of feldspar and hematite using different levels of chemical potassium fertilizer on yield and protein production of wheat
Authors: El-Wahab Maha M Abd , Gabriel Magdy Y , Raslan Mai , Farghali Ahmed A
Published: February 2021

The study was conducted to investigate the wheat yield affected by different concentrations of chemical Potassium (K) (0, 25%= 28.6, 75%= 85.7 and 100%= 118.0 kg Kha
−1 recommended rate, KRR), with and without the application of foliar spraying of feldspar nanoparticles solution and different iron treatments (using foliar spraying of 0.3% twice from ferrous sulphate, or natural hematite nanoparticles). Two field experiments were conducted at two different locations; the first was at the Agricultural farm of Sids Agricultural Research Station (ARC), and the second was at a private farm at Sids village in 2018/2019 season. Grain, straw and biological yields, nitrogen content, protein content, and protein yield were determined. Results showed that increasing K levels up to 118.0 kg Kha
−1 increased grain, straw, biological yields nitrogen, protein content, and protein yield. Foliar spraying of feldspar nanoparticles or ferrous sulphate or hematite nanoparticles enhanced all the above-mentioned parameters. Combined 75% KRR with feldspar nanoparticles showed yields and quality of wheat equal to those under 100% KRR. Foliar spraying of hematite nanoparticles has equal effect on wheat productivity as ferrous sulphate. The highest wheat yields and protein characteristics were achieved for the treatment of 100% KRR or 75% KRR with foliar spraying of feldspar nanoparticles and foliar spraying of ferrous sulphate or hematite nanoparticles. To conclude; the study revealed the possibility of saving about 25% KRR by foliar spraying of natural feldspar nanoparticles, and using hematite (iron oxide) nanoparticles instead of ferrous sulphate.
Inter-Disciplinary Approach to Suborbital Reusable Spaceplane Composite Wing Design
Authors: Ashikhmina E R , Prosuntsov P V , Reznik S V
Published: February 2021

The development of the wing of suborbital reusable spaceplane is a complex task due to conflicting requirements that are sufficient for its structure. They include high mass and cost efficiency, sustainability, low g-forces, effective heat protection under the consideration of technological restraints. To satisfy outlined requirements in the design of the composite wing the inter-disciplinary approach is presented relying on advanced methods of mathematical modelling. The approach starts with wing shape optimization enabling to get good aerodynamic performance. Subsequent optimal re-entry trajectory planning which use both angle-of-attack and angle-of-bank changes to control the re-entry provides a set level of g-forces and heat flux. Then based on the obtained trajectory the aerodynamic loads for the wing are gained. To acquire composite materials properties of the wing the analysis/test approach is applied that comprises multilevel modelling of mechanical and thermal material properties by commercial software. The results of modelling are validated by experiment. In addition, to enhancing mass efficiency of the wing structure the topology optimization of its wing box and structural optimization of the wing skin is conducted which uses both angles of orientations and thicknesses of composite monolayers as the variables with constraints on the strength and stiffness of wing skin. Furthermore, the approach includes thermal design due to high aerodynamic heating taking place during re-entry. Thermal loads are analysed by modelling the thermal state of the structure. The analysis showed that the wing skin needs thermal protection. As the thermal protection coating, the material based on glass microspheres was chosen. Its thickness through wing is obtained in the result of parameter optimization. As the result, the interdisciplinary approach to the design of the spaceplane composite wing is developed that allows feeding back mass, economic, aerodynamic, heat and strength impact into the spaceplane wing design synthesis.