bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ekstraksi Pemahaman Cyprianus tentang Extra Ecclesiam Nulla Salus bagi Gereja Pentakosta di Era Postmodern
Authors: Hasiholan Anggi Maringan , Setyobekti Andreas Budi
Published: August 2021

The postmodern era is closely related to pluralism and relativism. All are subject to this principle, including human salvation. Jesus, the only way of salvation, is not accepted absolutely, let alone the Extra Ecclesiam Nulla Salus principle (outside the church there is no salvation) which was coined by the church father Cyprian. This principle is considered too exclusive because it does not provide room for people outside the church to get salvation. In addition, this teaching was also declared null and void by the times. Is this true? That is why it is important to extract this Cyprian understanding that can be used as guidance for the Pente-costal church. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through library research. The data is then extracted and linked to the actions that have been carried out by the Pentecostal church or synod so far. The results of the study indicate that there is a close relationship between ecclesiology and Christology and soteriology. This principle also supports the authority and duty of the church in conveying salvation to men and maintaining pure teaching.AbstrakEra postmodern erat kaitannya dengan pluralisme dan relativisme. Semua dike-nakan prinsip ini, termasuk keselamatan manusia. Yesus satu-satunya jalan keselamatan saja tidak diterima secara absolute apalagi prinsip Extra Ecclesiam Nulla Salus (di luar gereja tidak ada keselamatan) yang dicetuskan oleh bapa gereja Cyprianus. Prinsip ini dianggap ter-lalu ekslusif karena tidak memberikan ruang bagi orang diluar gereja mendapatkan kese-lamatan. Selain itu ajaran ini juga dinyatakan batal oleh perkembangan zaman. Apakah benar demikian? Itu sebabnya, penting untuk mengekstraksi pemahaman Cyprianus ini yang dapat menjadi pegangan bagi gereja Pentakosta. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi keperpustakaan. Data selanjutnya diekstraksi dan dikaitkan dengan tindakan yang telah dilakukan oleh gereja atau sinode Pentakosta selama ini. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa ada hubungan erat antara eklesiologi dengan kristologi dan soteriologi. Prinsip ini juga memberikan dukungan akan otoritas dan tugas gereja dalam menyampaikan keselamatan kepada manusia dan menjaga ajaran yang murni.
Membangun Semangat Kebangkitan Nasional melalui Konten Pendidikan Agama Kristen Multikultural
Authors: Evimalinda Rita , Butar-butar Rikardo Dayanto , Noyita Efvi
Published: August 2021

Religious sentiment, identity, has been a major component in so many conflicts in Indonesia. Ironically, educated people and young people become perpetrators of social violence. Various conflicts have weakened diversity, solidarity as a plural country and must be stopped through the interaction of teaching religious education in schools. This paper is qualitative literature to explain how to interpret and build the spirit of national awakening through Chris-tian religious education in schools. The findings of the substance of the spirit of national awakening today are making various kinds of changes for a better condition. The learning content of multicultural Christian Religious Education contains the values of the spirit of national awakening including the following aspects: (1) PAK for peace, (2) PAK for harmony, (3) PAK for prosperity, (4) PAK for tolerance. Teachers in teaching PAK in schools should use a constructive approach where students are encouraged to take their roles for prosperity, peace, unity and national unity. So that the function of believers to be the light and salt of the world is realized and has an impact on the revival of the Indonesian nation. AbstrakSentimen agama, identitas, telah menjadi komponen utama dalam begitu banyak konflik di Indonesia. Ironisnya kaum terpelajar dan kaum muda menjadi pelaku aksi kekerasan sosial. Berbagai konflik telah melemahkan keberagaman, solidaritas sebagai negara majemuk dan harus dihentikan melalui interaksi pengajaran pendidikan agama di sekolah.  Tulisan ini merupakan kualitatif literatur untuk memaparkan bagaimana memaknai dan membangun semangat kebangkitan nasional melalui pendidikan agama Kristen di sekolah. Hasil temuan subtansi semangat kebangkitan nasional zaman sekarang adalah melakukan berbagai macam perubahan untuk suatu kondisi menjadi lebih baik. Konten pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen multikultural mengandung nilai- nilai semangat kebangkitan nasional meliputi aspek:(1) PAK untuk kedamaian, (2) PAK untuk kerukunan, (3) PAK untuk kemakmuran, (4) PAK untuk toleransi.  Guru dalam mengajar PAK di sekolah hendaknya menggunakan pendekatan konstrukif dimana peserta didik didorong mengambil perannya untuk kemakmuran, perdamaian, persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa. Sehingga fungsi orang percaya menjadi terang dan garam dunia terealisasi dan berdampak pada kebangkitan bangsa Indonesia.
Heat impact on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Malaysian Tualang and Kelulut honey
Authors: Omar Syaliza , Sahri Noor Marinah , Abd. Aziz Hafizah , Sanny Maimunah
Published: August 2021

The effect of temperature at 50°C, 70°C and 100°C for up to 120 min on the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Tualang honey and Kelulut honey was studied. Unheated honey samples for both varieties were used as control. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were examined using Folin-Ciocalteau and DPPH assays, respectively. Both honeys vary widely in the total phenolic content as well as antioxidant activity upon heating and time of heating. The total phenolic content in both honeys showed fluctuations at all temperatures throughout 120 min. In comparison to controls for both honeys, heating at 100°C for 10 min demonstrated a drop in total phenolic content in Tualang honey (13%) and Kelulut honey (29%), but the antioxidant activity increased 29% and 57% in Tualang and Kelulut honey, respectively. The study generates information on the characteristics of components in both honeys which react differently to heat and time of heating, therefore this will help the honey manufacturers or public to optimize the processing protocols and later to preserve the quality of honey.
PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG (PKPU) TERKAIT PENYELESAIAN UTANG PIUTANG DALAM KEPAILITAN
Authors: Mantili Rai , Trisna Dewi Putu Eka
Published: August 2021

Kepailitan merupakan suatu proses dimana seorang debitur yang mempunyai kesulitan keuangan untuk membayar utangnya dinyatakan pailit oleh pengadilan, dalam hal ini pengadilan niaga, dikarenakan debitur tersebut tidak dapat membayar utangnya. Namun sebelum diputus pailit oleh pengadilan niaga debitur dapat melakukan upaya perdamaian dengan mengajukan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU). Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan cara melakukan studi kepustakaan dan menelaah data sekunder. Namun tidak semua proses PKPU berjalan sesuai rencana dan berujung pada kepailitan. Jenis penelitian dalam tulisan ini adalah penelitian yuridis empiris. Dalam beberapa kasus kepailitan proses PKPU justru dapat membuka kesempatan bagi para kreditor yang beritikad buruk untuk mempailitkan debitor secara tidak langsung. Dalam PKPU kreditor memiliki kekuasaan yang besar dalam menentukan apakah debitor harus dinyatakan pailit oleh pengadilan
modelo de universo de Kurt Gödel
Authors: Novello Mário
Published: August 2021

Esse artigo discute a questão temporal em cosmologia, em particular a crítica de Gödel ao uso de um tempo cósmico global. Examina também os sistemas de coordenadas que permitem a separação da variedade espaço-tempo em três dimensões de espaço e um tempo único comum. Descreve a possibilidade de usar um sistema gaussiano que permite tal separação, e examina ainda as condições em que um tempo cósmico não pode ser usado para cobrir toda a variedade, como no modelo de Gödel.
Relationship Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Low Skeletal Muscle Mass
in Obese Youth
Authors: Silas David , Park Jeremy , Kim Joon Young
Published: August 2021

Previous studies in adults have found a correlation between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and sarcopenia. The present study evaluated the relationship between NFALD and skeletal muscle mass in overweight/obese youth. A total of 234 children and adolescents (age 8-16) was stratified into tertiles based on relative muscle mass (RMM). Total, regional lean body mass, and total fat mass were obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RMM was defined as the percent of muscle mass (kg) relative to the sum of muscle and fat mass (kg). NAFLD was diagnosed via ultrasononography and a subset of participants with NAFLD (n=40) underwent a liver biopsy. The lowest tertile had a significantly higher risk for obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, NAFLD, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The present study demonstrated an association between low muscle mass, NAFLD, and NASH in overweight/obese youth. Despite the strong scientific merits of the present study, a lack of race/ethnic description could be a major critique as different ethnic background (specifically in the minorities) may be disproportionately impacted by fat distribution and relative muscle mass. Even though there is a clear relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD in the elderly, this association may not stem from the same origin in the pediatric population. Lastly, but not least, future studies should evaluate NAFLD in obese youth with varying degrees of metabolic disorders (i.e., metabolic syndrome).
LA IMPRONTA DE LA DIRECTIVA DE SERVICIOS Y DE LA NORMATIVA DE TRANSPOSICIÓN INTERNA ESTATAL EN LAS TÉCNICAS INTERVENTORAS URBANÍSTICAS. PARADA Y FONDA: LA LEY DE GARANTÍA DE LA UNIDAD DE MERCADO
Authors: GIFREU FONT JUDITH
Published: August 2021

Aunque el urbanismo fue excluido del ámbito de aplicación de
la DS y de la Ley estatal 17/2009, el legislador autonómico, en su afán de sobreponerse
a los efectos de la crisis económica y reactivar el sector inmobiliario, ha
efectuado una tímida acomodación de este sector de actividad a los nuevos aires
venidos de Europa, centrada básicamente en aligerar trámites procedimentales y
suprimir requisitos formales innecesarios. No obstante, ha sido de la mano de las
más recientes leyes estatales que el urbanismo ha dado el salto hacia unos niveles
de simplificación administrativa de mayor envergadura, con la proyección a su
ámbito aplicativo de nuevas técnicas de intervención ex post en la actividad privada.
La Ley de garantía de la unidad de mercado culmina, por el momento, este
proceso con el establecimiento de un marco básico que impone la revisión de las
licencias urbanísticas para determinar, ya sea su procedencia, ya sea su depuración
en favor de otros mecanismos interventores más adecuados.

Hirigintza Zerbitzuen Zuzentarauaren eta 17/2009 Legearen aplikazio-
esparrutik kanpo geratu zen arren, krisialdi ekonomikoa eta higiezinen sektorea
suspertzeko beharra direla-eta, legegile autonomikoak Europatik iritsitako aire
berrietara egokitu du hirigintza, neurri batean. Hala, funtsean, sinplifikatu egin ditu
prozedura-izapideak, eta beharrezkoak ez ziren baldintzak formalak ezabatu. Hala
ere, batez ere Estatuan onartutako lege berrienen bidez gertatu da hirigintzan izapideak
sinplifikatzearen aldeko jauzi handiena, jarduera pribatuan parte hartzeko ex
post teknika berriak aplikatzeari esker. Prozesu horren mesedetan, berebat, merkatubatasunerako
legeak oinarrizko esparrua ezarri du, hirigintzako lizentzien berrikuspena
erraztuz, haien jatorria zehazteko edo mekanismo egokiagoen alde eginez.

Although urbanism was excluded from the scope of the application
of the Services Directive and from State Act 17/2009, the economic crisis and the
need to reactivate the real-state sector has brought the autonomic legislator to
implement a feeble adaptation of urbanism to the new airs that come from Europe,
basically focused on the simplification of procedural stages and the elimination of
non necessary formal requirements. Nevertheless, it is been by the hand of the most
recent State Acts that urbanism has taken leap towards a level of administrative
simplification of a greater magnitude with the impact of its ambit of application of
new techniques of intervention in private activity. The Act about Market Unity puts
the cap on this process with the establishment of a basic framework which eases
the review of urban licenses in order to establish its merits or the ascertainment in
favor of other mechanisms of intervention considered more suitable.
INCIDENCIA EN LA NORMATIVA URBANÍSTICA VASCA DE LA LEY 8/2013 DE REHABILITACIÓN, REGENERACIÓN Y RENOVACIÓN URBANAS
Authors: TEJERINA GONZALEZ JOSE IGNACIO
Published: August 2021

Se analiza la incidencia del nuevo Texto Refundido de la Ley de
Suelo y de la Ley de Rehabilitación, Regeneración y Renovación Urbanas en el
marco normativo vigente en la CAPV, señalando los retos a que se enfrenta el vigente
entramado normativo autonómico en orden a propiciar la regeneración urbana,
tan necesaria en una parte muy significativa de nuestros tejidos urbanos, y
a dotar de seguridad a la acción urbanística. Así mismo, se apuntan posibles soluciones
prácticas a las inconsistencias e incompatibilidades entre las normativas
básica y urbanística que se analizan.

Lurzoruaren Legearen eta Birgaitzeari eta Hiri Berroneratzeari
eta Berritzeari buruzko Legearen testu bategin berriak EAEko indarreko araudian
duen eragina aztertzen da; era berean, egungo araudi autonomikoak dituen erronkak
nabarmentzen dira, bai hiri-berroneratzea sustatzeko ¿guztiz beharrezkoa
gure hiri-inguruen zati handi batean¿, bai hirigintza-jarduerari segurtasuna emateko.
Halaber, aztertutako oinarrizko araudien eta hirigintzako arauen arteko bateraezintasunak
konpontzeko balizko irteera praktikoak ematen dira.

The new consolidated text of the Land Act and the Act on refurbishing,
regeneration and renovation in the current framework of the Autonomous
Community of the Basque Country, pointing out to the challenges that current legal
autonomic framework faces in order to promote the urban regeneration, so necessary
in a very meaningful part of our urban fabric and to provide the urban action with
certainty. Also, the possible practical solutions to the inconsistencies and incompatibilities
between the basic and urban normative are indicated.
ОРТАҒАСЫРЛЫҚ САРАЙШЫҚ ЖӘДІГЕРЛЕРІ ТАРИХИ ДЕРЕК РЕТІНДЕ (EXHIBITS OF MEDIEVAL SARAISHYK AS HISTORICAL SOURCES )
Authors: Mukhtar Abilseit , Diyarova Zhanar
Published: August 2021

Мақалада «Сарайшық» музей-қорығының ғылыми қор коллекциясының қалыптасу тарихы қарастырылған және «Сарайшық» музей-қорығы қорында сақталған бірегей жәдігерлерге сипаттама берілген.
Қазақстан Республикасы Мәдениет және спорт министрлігінің «Сарайшық» мемлекеттік тарихи-мәдени музей-қорығы» - республика көлеміндегі танымал, Атырау облысындағы туристер көп келетін мәдениет ошақтарының бірі.
«Сарайшық» музей-қорығының жәдігерлер топтамасы Қазақстанның материалдық, рухани мұраларын қамтыған.
Қазіргі таңда музей-қорық қорында 4000-нан астам жәдігерлер бар. Олардың көпшілігі Қазақстанның тарихы мен мәдениетінің баға жетпес құндылықтары болып табылады.
Авторлар коллекцияға жіктеуді ұйымдастырудың негізгі кезеңдерін талдай келе, оны қалыптастырудың екі негізгі жолын көрсетті. Бірінші және негізгі жолы – археологиялық қазба жұмыстары нәтижесінде табылған артефактілер есебінен коллекцияны толықтыру. Ортағасырлық Сарайшық қаласы орнындағы археологиялық қазба жұмыстары және облыс көлеміндегі басқа да қазба-барлау экспедициялары арқылы. Екінші жолы - экспонаттар санын қарапайым азаматтардан қабылдай отырып «Музейге сый» акциясы есебінен және шет мемлекеттердегі жәдігерлер көшірмелерін алу арқылы. Мақаланың ерекшелігі де республикадағы басқа музейлердегі және шет ел көлемінде әкетілген жәдігерлер туралы жазылуында, олар туралы ақпараттардың берілуі.
Бұл мақала Сарайшықты зерттеуші үшін де, қала тарихына қызығушылық танытушылар үшін де пайдалы ақпарат болып табылады.
БОЛАШАҚ ПЕДАГОГ-ПСИХОЛОГТАРДЫҢ РЕФЛЕКСИЯСЫН ДАМЫТУДЫҢ ПЕДАГОГИКАЛЫҚ ШАРТТАРЫ (PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE TEACHERS-PSYCHOLOGISTS’ REFLECTION)
Authors: Kaziyev Karas
Published: August 2021

Бұл мақалада болашақ педагог-психологтардың рефлексиясын дамытудың педагогикалық шарттары теориялық талдаулар арқылы ашып көрсетіледі. Қазіргі заманғы педагогика және психология ғылымында рефлексия мәселесі субъектінің ішкі психикалық актісі мен күйін тану процесі ретінде тереңірек түсінуді қажет етеді. Сондықтан рефлексияның ішкі табиғатын, құрылымын және оны дамыту мүмкіндігін теориялық, практикалық және әдістемелік деңгейде зерттеудің қажеттілігі қарастырылып отырған рефлексия ұғымының өзектілігін айқындай түседі. Рефлексия ұғымының (оның өзіне тән сипаттамасын) және оны дамыту ерекшеліктерін талдау негізінде болашақ педагог-психологтардың рефлексиясын дамытудың педагогикалық шарттары ретінде рефлексивті іс-әрекетті ұйымдастыру, рефлексивті ортаны қалыптастыру, рефлексиялық іс-әрекетке қатысушылардың субъектаралық қарым-қатынасын белсендіру, рефлексивтілікті өзектендіру, бөліп көрсетіледі. Болашақ педагог-психологтардың рефлексиясын дамытудың педагогикалық шарттары барысында өзіндік «Мен» туралы түсініктері кеңейеді. Олар өзінің іс-әрекетіне қатысты рефлексивті болады және өз сезімдері мен тәжірибесін талқылауда белсенділік көрсетеді, сонымен қатар өзінің абырой-беделі мен ішкі әлеуетін ашады. Осы тұрғыдан алғанда мақалада болашақ педагог-психологтарды кәсіби даярлауда тиімді нәтиже беретін жолдардың бірі – рефлексиясын дамытуда педагогикалық шарттар міндеттері көкейкесті мәселе болып табылатындығы жайлы мазмұндалады.
Merits And Demerits of Araling Panlipunan (Social Studies) Teachers in Using Instructional Resources
Authors: GARCIA-ACOJIDO VENY ROSE
Published: August 2021

The study elucidates the merits and demerits or strengths and weaknesses in using the instructional resources among Social Studies teachers. In the Basic Education Unit of the Department of Education, this study would give them feedback on how and what interventions would be the best to employ and reinforce to overcome their weaknesses. This study used the descriptive method of research to determine the strengths and weaknesses of teachers in teaching Araling Panlipunan ( Social Studies). The study focused mainly on the strengths and weaknesses of teachers in teaching Araling Panlipunan( Social Studies)  in terms of teaching content, motivating the students, presenting the lesson, assessing student performance, and attainment of lesson objectives. Data were gathered from the Grade IV teachers who handled Araling Panlipunan ( Social Studies) subject during the study and their respective pupils in San Pablo, Isabela.
 The performance of the Grade IV pupils was determined in terms of their final grades in Araling Panlipunan ( Social Studies) during the School year 2017-2018 and through their percentage score in a forty-item achievement test. With these strategies, the teacher frees the students to learn using their critical thinking abilities so that they will be able to discuss crucial issues and challenges that confront them in everyday life.
Transparência e acesso à informação:
Authors: Grigoleto Maira Cristina , Rezende Gama Janyluce , Rezende Gama Juliano
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Os dispositivos legais que versam sobre o acesso à informação no Brasil materializam as obrigações dos órgãos da administração pública de fornecerem informações de interesse dos cidadãos, devendo dispor de mecanismos eficazes e eficientes de transparência. Em consideração a essas premissas, o presente artigo visa a analisar, por meio das demandas de acesso à informação direcionadas à Secretaria da Receita Federal do Brasil, entre 2014 e 2019, como os instrumentos de transparência ativa, disponíveis no site do órgão, podem estar ligados ao quantitativo de pedidos de informação.
Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, caracterizada quanto aos objetivos como exploratória e, em relação aos procedimentos, como bibliográfica e documental.
Resultado: Os resultados demonstram uma queda na quantidade de solicitações de informações à Secretaria da Receita Federal do Brasil por parte dos cidadãos e das empresas nos últimos dois anos, que podem estar relacionadas com as alterações nos instrumentos de transparência ativa. 
Conclusões: Conclui-se que as melhorias nos ambientes de informação, que propiciaram 95% dos atendimentos de forma virtual no ano de 2019, e a ampliação dos mecanismos de gestão da informação e transparência ativa, como a utilização de pesquisa de satisfação, a publicação do inteiro teor das soluções de consulta, do quadro societário e de administradores no cadastro das pessoas jurídicas e dos dados do cadastro de imóveis rurais, podem ter contribuído para a redução na demanda por pedidos de informação na Receita Federal do Brasil.
Conjuntos de dados para pesquisas cientométricas: recuperando QUALIS, SJR, SNIP a partir da Web de Dados
Authors: Rautenberg Sandro , De Souza Lucélia , Alexander Hild Tony
Published: August 2021

Discorre sobre a publicação de conjuntos de dados cientométricos como dados abertos conectados. Os dados originais são extraídos de fontes primárias via navegadores de Internet e tratados de acordo com a Curadoria Digital de Dados e o Ciclo de Vida de Dados Conectados. Os dados referem-se ao histórico dos índices Qualis, SCImago Journal Rank e Source Normalized Impact per Paper, os quais são integrados para privilegiar acesso, reúso, interoperabilidade e processabilidade de recursos para com outras pesquisas bibliométricas/cientométricas. A integração dos dados decorre da evolução do trabalho “RAUTENBERG, S.; HILD, T. A.; SOUZA, L. de. Curadoria Digital de Dados e Web de Dados: mantendo Dados Abertos Conectados para estudos bibliométricos e cientométricos. Em Questão, v. 24, p. 29-47, Edição Especial 6 EBBC, 2018”, disponível em: https://seer.ufrgs.br/EmQuestao/article/view/86519, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.19132/1808-5245240.29-47. Dinamicamente, os conjuntos de dados resultantes são compartilhados na Web de Dados, via um servidor OpenLink Virtuoso acessado no endpoint http://lod.unicentro.br.
Indigenous perceptions of soil erosion, adaptations and livelihood implications: the case of maize farmers in the Zampe community of Bole in the Northern region of Ghana
Authors: Malongza Bukari Francis Issahaku
Published: August 2021

Soil is an important natural resource which when effectively managed, could increase the livelihoods of households in sedentary agricultural communities. Soil erosion is however an emerging challenge as a cause of environmental degradation and this paper sought to ascertain the nature of soil erosion on maize farms, the effects of soil erosion on maize crop farmers and the effectiveness of local control measures on output levels and the livelihoods of the farmers. A cross-section of the community was taken and participants were selected non-probabilistically by snow-balling for questionnaire administration and focus group discussions. The study revealed that the local farmers perceived soil erosion as the wearing away of the top soil and nutrients, under the influence of running water during rainy periods and the slope of the land. The major effects of soil erosion were found to be the loss of fertile soils, reduction in the cultivable land area, the reduction in the crop yield and a fall in the living standards of farmers’ households. The findings also indicated that some of the adaptive strategies to reduce the effects of soil erosion include shifting cultivation, ridging across slopes, planting on raised mounds and avoidance of deep ploughing. It was further revealed that farmers who successfully applied the traditional methods improved upon their output levels per land area and the standards of living of their families It was recommended that modern agricultural extension services were needed, not to replace, but to complement the local knowledge systems in order to ensure sustainability.
Analyzing the biophysical inputs and outputs embodied in global commodity chains – the case of Israeli meat consumption
Authors: Dickler Shira , Kissinger Meidad
Published: August 2021

The prevailing global livestock industry relies heavily on natural capital and is responsible for high emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). In recent years, nations have begun to take more of an active role in measuring their resource inputs and GHG outputs for various products. However, up until now, most nations have been recording data for production, focusing on processes within their geographical boundaries. Some recent studies have suggested the need to also embrace a consumption-based approach. It follows that in an increasingly globalized interconnected world, to be able to generate a sustainable food policy, a full systems approach should be embraced. The case of Israeli meat consumption presents an interesting opportunity for analysis, as the country does not have sufficient resources or the climatic conditions needed to produce enough food to support its population. Therefore, Israel, like a growing number of other countries that are dependent on external resources, relies on imports to meet demand, displacing the environmental impact of meat consumption to other countries. This research utilizes a multi-regional consumption perspective, aiming to measure the carbon and land footprints demanded by Israeli cattle and chicken meat consumption, following both domestic production and imports of inputs and products. The results of this research show that the “virtual land” required for producing meat for consumption in Israel is equivalent to 62% of the geographical area of the country. Moreover, almost 80% of meat consumption is provided by locally produced chicken products but the ecological impact of this source is inconsequential compared to the beef supply chain; beef imports comprise only 13% of meat consumption in Israel but are responsible for 71% of the carbon footprint and 83% of the land footprint. The sources of Israel’s meat supply are currently excluded from environmental impact assessments of Israeli processes. However, they constitute a significant fraction of the system’s natural capital usage, so they must be included in a comprehensive assessment of Israel’s consumption habits. Only then can policy be created for a sustainable food system, and inter-regional sustainability be achieved.
Enzymatic Inhibition Constant of Acetylcholinesterase for the Electrochemical Detection and Sensing of Chlorpyrifos
Authors: Ramírez-Sánchez Karla , Alvarado-Hidalgo Fernando , Ardao Inés , Starbird-Pérez Ricardo
Published: August 2021

Infiltration into soils of pesticides used during agricultural production has led to the contamination of aquatic ecosystems due to their long persistence in the environment. Some pesticides (e.g. Chlorpyrifos) are inhibitors of cholinesterase enzyme activity and their presence in water samples can be indirectly detected by a decrease in enzymatic activity. Biosensors based on cholinesterase enzymes are an alternative for the sensitive detection of important contaminants in the environmental sector. Acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine (ATCh) to produce thiocholine (TCh). This feature can be employed to measure the decrease in AChE activity. The inhibitory characteristics of the AChE-Chlorpyrifos system have been studied through cyclic voltammetry, by evaluation of the oxidation of the thiol group, which corresponds to TCh production on platinum electrodes in the presence of an inhibitor. In the present study, enzymatic curves were obtained at different concentrations of substrate and inhibitor, which were then used to determine the enzymatic kinetics corresponding to a mixed inhibition type, with an inhibition constant (Ki) of (18.26 ± 0.01) μM. TCh electrochemical detection appears to be a promising option for the development of biosensors to identify and quantify pesticides present in the ecosystem.
Trust and Rural Enterprise in the Trade Activities of Small-Scale Fisheries: Lessons Learned From Pangandaran, Indonesia
Authors: Wibisono Hafidz , Abdul Manaf Andi
Published: August 2021

This paper explores the approach used by fisheries-related stakeholders to break the complex relationship between fishermen and middlemen in the fishing village of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia. This location was selected because the fisheries trade there has been institutionalized by the presence of rural enterprise. This is unusual, especially in traditional small-scale fisheries where trade is governed by middlemen. The information was obtained by interviewing key stakeholders from various parties and combining this with relevant secondary data. The main argument is that formalizing the fisheries market is not as simple as implementing technical regulations. There are non-technical factors that affect the entire process. The findings indicate that trust is the important variable that catalyzes the process and binds stakeholders in certain trading mechanisms. Furthermore, this situation is very helpful to divert the fishermen from patron-client relationships that are often unfavorable in the long term.
Assessing How Collaborative Resource Management Impacts Victims’ Perspectives on Wildlife Crop Raids
Authors: Owusu-Ansah Nana
Published: August 2021

Collaborative resource management has been touted as one of the ways conservation of wildlife resources can be improved, especially in off-protected areas. Three indicators were used to test whether collaboration between the Wildlife Division of the Forestry Commission of Ghana and local communities has any impact on farmers’ perspectives on crop raiding. The indicators were: (1) methods used by farmers to reduce raiding, (2) institutions to which farmers report raids, and (3) the kind of assistance needed to reduce raiding. The findings suggest there were no differences between the collaborative indicators and the two chosen study locations. However, on the question of institutions where raiding incidences were reported and location, the difference was significant (X2=14.523; DoF= 5; P=0.01261). In addition, there was a statistically significant relation between location and participants’ responses to species that raided their crops (X2=16.988; DoF=4; p= 1.943e-3). Participants from the two locations did not show differences in their responses to preventive methods. Male respondents mentioned the use of traps as their major preventive method, although this is against wildlife hunting regulations in Ghana. Educating and supporting farmers with appropriate preventive methods that reduce their losses to wildlife crop raiding is recommended to improve conservation.
Potential for leaching of heavy metals and metalloids from crystalline silicon photovoltaic systems
Authors: A. Robinson Seth , Meindl George A.
Published: August 2021

Photovoltaics (PV) are a rapidly growing technology as global energy sectors shift towards “greener” solutions. Despite the clean energy benefits of solar power, photovoltaic panels and their structural support systems (e.g., cement) often contain several potentially toxic elements used in their construction. Determining whether these elements have the potential to leach into surrounding environments should be a research priority, as panels are already being implemented on a large scale. In this study, we analyzed soil taken from beneath photovoltaic modules to determine if they are being enriched by metals (lead, cadmium, lithium, strontium, nickel, barium, zinc, and copper) and metalloids (selenium) present in panel systems. The soil samples were collected from directly beneath c-Si photovoltaic modules and adjacent fields. Samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Selenium, strontium, lithium, nickel, and barium levels measured in soil samples increased significantly in samples closer to PV systems. There were no significant differences in lead or cadmium levels near vs. far from the PV systems. Despite concentration differences for some elements near vs. far from the panel systems, no elements were, on average, present in concentrations that would pose a risk to nearby ecosystems. PV systems thus remain a cleaner alternative to traditional energy sources, such as coal, especially during the operation of these energy production systems.
Analysis of the soil and microclimate relationship in two dolines of Carso Huasteco, Mexico
Authors: Quintero-Ruiz Joab R. , Yáñez-Espinosa Laura , Flores Joel , Fortanelli Javier , De-Nova Arturo , Reyes-Hernandez Humberto , Rodas-Ortíz Juan P.
Published: August 2021

Dolines are karst depressions whose environmental and climatic characteristics in tropical regions are not well known. By measuring and analyzing different components of the microclimate in two dolines located in Tamasopo, Mexico, we aim to contribute to the understanding of the climatic conditions in these formations. The variables analyzed include temperature, solar radiation, soil and air humidity, as well as their relationship to physical and chemical characteristics of the soil such as pH, conductivity, texture, and the content of organic matter, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, sodium and magnesium. Measurements and soil samples were taken in three strata: bottom, slope and exterior. The results show a gradient in the climatic variables along the three strata, as well as higher concentrations of all elements, except phosphorus, in soil from the dolines, with respect to the exterior. Furthermore, statistical analysis shows a high correlation between the environmental conditions and edaphic properties. The micro climatic factors of the dolines generate a different environment, rich in humidity and with temperatures commonly lower than those present in tropical regions. These conditions cause abrupt changes in the physical and chemical composition of the soil, which present high concentrations of nutrients.
Clean Cookstove Technology Use for Energy Efficiency in the School System
Authors: B. Mfundisi Kelebogile , Commeh Michael K.
Published: August 2021

Globally, clean cookstoves represent the best substitute for open fire biomass stoves in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from fuelwood. Prospects to transfer this technology to Botswana are being explored. Our research objectives were to transfer the clean Institutional Cookstove (IC) technology to Okavango Research Institute (ORI), quantify the amount of mopane (Colophospermum mopane) fuelwood it consumes in comparison to the traditional biomass energy system, and analyze its potential to be used as a substitute for the open fire cooking method. The clean IC technology transfer to ORI was successfully completed before testing its energy efficiency and financial viability. It consumed approximately two-thirds less fuelwood than the traditional three stone stove. This presents an opportunity for a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from fuelwood consumption in Botswana. This is a critical consideration in an environment where there is limited readily available fuelwood. The use of clean cookstoves allows enhanced carbon sequestration by live mopane woodland resources. A financial viability analysis of implementing the clean IC in primary schools showed that it has the potential to save money spent on fuelwood. Our case study provides essential pertinent results on the energy efficiency of the developed prototype, which forms a basis for further research on the use of clean cookstoves for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from fuelwood consumption in Botswana and the entire Cubango-Okavango River Basin. A comprehensive analysis of cultural barriers to adoption of the technology will be carried out through piloting the construction of the clean cookstove.
Leiderschap in verandering
Authors: Stoker Janka
Published: August 2021

Leadership in change

Leadership in change

Janka Stoker, Gedrag & Organisatie, Volume 18, October 2005, pp. 260-279.

In the process of organizational change, executives are an important factor for failure or success. Managers not only manage the change process, often they themselves are an object of change. This demands a double role of executives. Organizations put a lot of effort in defining the desired executive role, but very often this doesn't exceed the level of jargon and sloganizing. Research shows that there are considerable discrepancies between perceptions of executives and employees. Executives feel they live up to expectations, whereas employees perceive little change in leadership. Moreover, this study shows that the desired leadership is not always the most effective. The article gives possible explanations for these outcomes and describes how the two roles of executives in change processes interrelate. Playing the two roles demands of executives that they first change themselves, in order to subsequently be able to manage others. Therefore they need to gain insight to their own functioning.
De professionele loopbaan in goede banen: het samenspel van loopbaanzelfsturing en het loopbaanbeleid binnen de organisatie
Authors: de Vos Ans , Dewettinck Koen , Buyens Dirk
Published: August 2021

Managing careers: the interplay of career self-management and organizational career support

Managing careers: the interplay of career self-management and organizational career support

A. de Vos, K. Dewettinck & D. Buyens, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 20, maart 2007, nr. 1, pp. 21-40

This paper explores the relationship between organizational career management and career self-management and addresses the impact on employee outcomes. Within six large organizations, a sample of 491 employees reported on their career self-management initiatives, on their expectations towards organizational career management support and on their commitment and career success. This was complemented by information from their supervisors on informal and formal career management practices offered to employees to support their career development. Results show that individuals who take more initiatives to manage their own career also expect more career support from their employer. Career self-management and organizational career management are positively related to organizational commitment and number of promotions, while career self-management also relates to subjective feelings of career success. The interaction between career self-management and organizational career management in explaining employee outcomes is discussed.
De effectiviteit van oplossingsgericht werken en cliëntgeleide contractering bij coaching en advisering: lessen uit de psychotherapie
Authors: Visser Coert , Butter René
Published: August 2021

The effectiveness of solution-focused working in coaching and consultancy

The effectiveness of solution-focused working in coaching and consultancy

C. Visser & R. Butter, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 21, March 2008, pp. 35-55

Until now, little research has been done on the effectiveness of organizational consultancy and coaching. This study aims to make a contribution to the knowledge development in this area. A web-based questionnaire was administered with 158 clients of coaches and organizational consultants. Through this questionnaire, the relation was studied between, on the one hand, the way of contracting and the approach followed, and on the other hand the effectiveness of the project. One of the most striking conclusions is that a client-led way of working – which is one of the important characteristics of the solution-focused approach – in which the client directs the process while the advisor responds flexibly, is strongly associated with success. The article closes with some practical suggestions for advisors and for follow-up research.
Baanonzekerheid tijdens een herstructurering: samenhangen met vitaliteit en emotionele uitputting
Authors: De Cuyper Nele , Handaja Yasmin , De Witte Hans
Published: August 2021

Job insecurity during a restructuring: associations with engagement and emotional exhaustion

Job insecurity during a restructuring: associations with engagement and emotional exhaustion

N. De Cuyper, Y. Handaja & H. De Witte, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 21, June 2008, nr. 2, pp. 97-112

The present study aims to investigate subjective and objective job insecurity in relation to well-being (engagement and emotional exhaustion). Subjective job insecurity concerns employees' perceptions of uncertainty with regard to the future of one's present job. Objective job insecurity relates to one's position in the downsizing process: workers are objectively secure when they are informed about dismissal ('victims') or guaranteed a position in the company ('survivors'). They are objectively insecure when the decision about possible dismissal is pending. We hypothesize that subjective and objective job insecurity are positively related, and that both forms of job insecurity are negatively related to well-being. Furthermore, we explore interactions between subjective and objective job insecurity in relation to well-being. Hypotheses are tested among 129 employees who are employed in a Belgian service organization that was in the midst of a downsizing process. The results show no clear relationship between subjective and objective job insecurity. Subjective job insecurity is related to poor well-being, but objective job insecurity is not. Finally, we find a significant interaction effect for emotional exhaustion: subjective job insecurity was particularly harmful for survivors, while it did not seem to affect the other groups.
Loopbaansucces en welbevinden van Nederlandse werknemers M/V
Authors: Verdonk Petra , de Rijk Angelique
Published: August 2021

Career success and well-being of Dutch employees (M/F)

Career success and well-being of Dutch employees (M/F)

P. Verdonk & A. de Rijk, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 21, November 2008, nr. 4, pp. 451-474

In this literature review, we discuss how the unequal division of care and the gender-segregated labor market relate to well-being and career success of Dutch employees M/F. Combining work and care contributes to well-being in women but forms an obstacle for their career success. Women have less career opportunities and career success than men which is related to the gender-segregation of sectors and professions. Women's unfavorable working conditions (such as less autonomy or sexual intimidation) play a role in gender differences in health complaints and in work disability. Traditional gender attitudes and practices are one explanatory component of the unequal division of care and gender segregation of the labor market. Researchers should pay more attention to gender as organizing principle. Changing stereotyped images is supported by less traditional, more modern visions about men and women's career choices and career success as well as contributing to employee well-being.
Van preventie naar amplitie: interventies voor optimaal functioneren
Authors: Ouweneel Else , Schaufeli Wilmar , Le Blanc Pascale
Published: August 2021

From prevention to amplition: interventions for functioning optimally

From prevention to amplition: interventions for functioning optimally

E. Ouweneel, W. Schaufeli & P. Le Blanc, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 22, June 2009, nr. 2, pp. 118-135

The recent rise of positive organisational psychology has laid out the theoretical foundation for research into positive work-related well-being. Now the time has come to translate this theoretical knowledge into practical positive work-related interventions. To that end, we introduce the term amplition in this article, after the Latin word amplio, meaning to enlarge, increase, or magnify. Interventions focused on amplition aim to enhance positive work-related well-being. This kind of interventions have hardly been designed, let alone tested among employees. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the essential ingredients for these interventions are basically at hand. It is suggested to use the existing empirical knowledge on happiness interventions and on validated implementation techniques to compose work-related interventions focused on amplition. We conclude that work-related interventions should not focus exclusively on employees who are stressed or burned-out, but also on employees who are functioning well, but not yet optimally.
De Zelf-Determinatie Theorie: kwalitatief goed motiveren op de werkvloer
Authors: Van den Broeck Anja , Vansteenkiste Maarten , De Witte Hans , Lens Willy , Andriessen Maarten
Published: August 2021

Self-Determination Theory: about the quality of work motivation

Self-Determination Theory: about the quality of work motivation

A. van den Broeck, H. de Witte, M. Vansteenkiste, W. Lens & M. Andriessen, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 22, November 2009, nr. 4, pp. 316-335.

The call for a positive psychology has stimulated research on optimal functioning both in general and in the context of work. The Self-Determination Theory (SDT) might provide a useful framework in which positive work and organisational psychology can be grounded and might stimulate theoretical developments in this field. Starting from a positive concept of man, ZDT reflects upon different aspects of motivation. In the current paper, we describe ZDT and touch upon its relationships with other, and perhaps more well-known, work and organisational theories. We furthermore discuss the empirical evidence in favour of ZDT and illustrate its practical relevance in the context of work.
Leeftijd, het psychologisch contract en werkattitudes: een meta-analyse
Authors: Matthijs Bal P. , H. de Lange Annet , G.W. Jansen Paul , E.G. Van der Velde Mandy
Published: August 2021

Age, the psychological contract, and job attitudes: a meta-analysis

Age, the psychological contract, and job attitudes: a meta-analysis

P.M. Bal, A.H. De Lange, P.G.W. Jansen & M.E.G. Van der Velde, Gedrag en Organisatie, volume 23, March 2010, nr. 1, pp. 00-00.

The meta-analysis investigated the relations between age and psychological contracts. It was expected that age would be positively related to the employer obligations, and that age would moderate the relations between contract breach and job attitudes. The hypotheses were tested by means of a meta-analysis of 76 studies with in total 28,773 respondents. It was found that age is related negatively but marginally to the psychological contract, and that age moderated the relations between psychological contract breach and job attitudes. The relations between contract breach on the one hand and trust and affective commitment on the other hand were stronger for older workers, whereas the relation between contract breach and job satisfaction was stronger among younger workers. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Vacation from work as prototypical recovery opportunity
Authors: de Bloom Jessica , Geurts Sabine , Kompier Michiel
Published: August 2021

Vakantie als prototypische mogelijkheid tot herstel van werk

Vakantie als prototypische mogelijkheid tot herstel van werk

Jessica de Bloom, Sabine Geurts en Michiel Kompier, Gedrag & Organisatie, jaargang 23, december 2010, nr. 4, pp. 333-349.

Onvoldoende herstel van het werk kan negatieve gevolgen hebben voor gezondheid en welbevinden van werknemers. Hoewel vakantie in potentie een sterk herstelbevorderend effect kan hebben, is er nog maar weinig onderzoek naar het effect van vakantie op herstel van werk verricht. Dit artikel geeft een overzicht van eerdere en actuele onderzoeksbevindingen op dit terrein en doet een aantal aanbevelingen voor toekomstig onderzoek. Allereerst bespreken wij de mechanismen die ten grondslag liggen aan herstel tijdens vakantie. Ten tweede geven wij een overzicht van de meest belangrijke empirische bevindingen en de sterkten en de zwakten van eerdere vakantiestudies. Ten derde presenteren wij de resultaten uit recent dagboekonderzoek naar korte vakanties (lang weekeinde en midweekvakanties) en wintersportvakanties (negen dagen). Tot slot bespreken wij implicaties en suggesties voor toekomstig onderzoek.