bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminaries for Part II
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Table of contents for Part II

List of illustrations

Office-bearers 1869-70

List of the Fellows June 1870

List of Honorary members June 1870

Front matter for full Volume 8

Contents for full volume
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 10 April 1871.

 

[The journal notes that a paper titled 'Notice of a collection of antiquities in stone and bronze fudn under Blair-Drummond Moss' by Henry Home Drummond, will be printed in the Archaeologia Scotica.]
Edinburgh in Early Times: with Illustrations
Authors: Laing David
Published: November 2022

[The journal notes that this paper will be published in the Archaeologia Scotica.]
Notes of Early Monumental Art in the West Highlands
Authors: Drummond James
Published: November 2022

Following on from his previous paper (see Vol VIII, pp.117-120), Mr Drummond continues his discussion of monumental slabs in the West Highlands. He comments on the ornamental features found on some of the stones on Iona, and then goes on to discuss some of the stone art found near the chapel of St Cormac at Eilean Mor.
Notices of Three Churches in North Uist, Benbecula, and Grimsay, said to have been built in the Fourteenth Century. (With Plans and Drawings.)
Authors: Thomas F W L
Published: November 2022

[The journal notes that this paper will be published in the Archaeologia Scotica.]
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 11 March 1872.
Notice of a Runic Door from Iceland, ornamented with Carved Dragons and a scene representing the Slaying of a Dragon. With Engravings of the Door
Authors: Stephens George
Published: November 2022

[The journal notes that this paper will be published in the Archaeologia Scotica.]
Notice of Two Pieces of Roman Sculpture found at Arniebog, Dumbartonshire, in June 1868 (With Photogrphs of the Sculptures.)
Authors: Buchanan John
Published: November 2022

A description of two sculptured stones discovered by a local farmer in 1868 near to a watch-tower on the Antonine Wall. The stones show two sculptured figures: Neptune and another figure that the author suggests could be a British captive. He argues that this sculptured stone may have been created by the Second Legion, based on the art style, subject choice and the location of the finds. He also describes similar sculptured slabs from the area and provides some general information about the outposts on the Antonine Wall.
Notice of a Highland Powder Horn, having on it the Monogram of Sir George Mackenzie; with some Remarks on Highland Costume. (The Horn, with others of various kinds, was exhibited.)
Authors: Drummond James
Published: November 2022

[The journal notes that this paper will be published in the Archaeologia Scotica.]
Results of Excavations at the Broch of Burrian, North Ronaldshay, during the Summers of 1870 and 1871
Authors: Traill William
Published: November 2022

[The journal notes that this paper will be published in the Archaeologia Scotica.]
Notes (accompanied by Plans and Sketches) regarding the 'Picts House' or Underground Chamber at Tealing, Forfarshire
Authors: Jervise Andrew
Published: November 2022

[The journal notes that this paper will be printed in a later part of the Proceedings.]
Inscribed Stones at Kirkmadrine, in the Parish of Stoneykirk, County of Wigtown
Authors: Mitchell Arthur
Published: November 2022

The author discusses three stone slabs from Kirkmadrine, which show some early Christian inscriptions. Having found two at the entrance to the graveyard in Kirkmadrine, he eventually discovers a drawing of the third. The article quotes from several secondary sources, all of which emphasise the stones’ importance to the study of early Christianity in Britain. He concludes by discussing several other historical sites nearby.
Note of a Donation of Four Sculptured Stones from Monifieth, Forfarshire
Authors: Neish James
Published: November 2022

This article discusses the history of St Regulus’ church in Monifieth, including the minimal evidence of a Culdee establishment in the area and the suggestion that the church’s foundations were laid on top of an older church. The author provides in-depth descriptions of the stones and how they came to be donated to the Society. He goes on to compare the symbols found on these stones to other carved stones from the North-east and concludes by discussing the various contemporary theories of their origins.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 10 March 1873.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 9 June 1873.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 13 January 1873.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 9 March 1874.
Notice of Sculptured Stones at Laggangarn, Mull of Sunnoness, Airrelich and Cassendeoch, Wigtownshire
Authors: Wilson George
Published: November 2022

The author describes several standing stones in Wigtownshire. Some of the features he discusses are the location of the stones, their dimensions, any decorative elements they may have and the ways in which some of these stones were used as building materials.
Notes on some Ancient Chapels and other Remains in the Island of Mull
Authors: Judd J M
Published: November 2022

The author describes some sites of historical interest on Mull, including standing stones, chapels and tombstones. Other sites on Mull, such as castles, are noted by the author by not described.
Vacation Notes in Cromar, Burghead, and Strathspey
Authors: Mitchell Arthur , Drummond James
Published: November 2022

This article describes some of the sites of archaeological interest that the author encountered in Aberdeenshire and Moray in 1873. He describes the sites as he found them and then extrapolates on the local folklore about them and any historical background he researched while writing up his paper. Some of the other topics he covers include the location of St Columba’s burial, religious or superstitious healing traditions in the area, extracts from parish records that relate to the tradition of burning the clavie, and the religious implications of some of the stone monuments in the north-east.
Preliminaries for Part I
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Table of contents for Part I
Preliminaries for Part II
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Table of contents for Part II

List of illustrations

Office-bearers 1873-4

List of the Fellows June 1874

List of Honorary members June 1874

Front matter for full Volume 10

Contents for full volume
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 12 April 1875.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 10 May 1875.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 13 March 1876.
An Incident at the Era of the Reformation; from a Contemporary Manuscript
Authors: Laing Alexander
Published: November 2022

This article discusses a manuscript dealing with the legal action of the Bishop of Dunblane, William Chisholm, against Jane, Lady Fleming, for the repayment of a loan of £250 from 1559-60. The author begins by describing the lives of the two people involved. He then goes on to present a transcription of the manuscript’s text.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 12 June 1876.
Deed of Conveyance of the Quigrich by the Last Hereditary Keeper, with Consent of His Son, to the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, for the National Museum
Authors: Dewar Alexander , Dewar Archibald
Published: November 2022

A deed of conveyance transferring ownership of the Quigrich from Alexander Dewar to the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, on the condition that it is deposited into the National Museum in Edinburgh.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 14 January 1878.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 13 May 1878.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 12 May 1879.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

New Fellows and two new Honorary Fellows were elected at the Anniversary meeting. Obituaries for deceased fellows were read and the Annual report on the number of visitors and donations to the Society's museum was delivered.

 

Meeting notes for 8 December, 1878 are appended.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 9 February 1880.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 8 March 1880.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 12 April 1880.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 10 May 1880.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 12 January 1880.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 14 February 1881.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 11 April 1881.
Notes on Cup-Marked Stones in the Neighbourhood of Inverness. (With Sketches of the Stones.)
Authors: Jolly William
Published: November 2022

[The journal notes that this paper has been delayed.]
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Several Fellows and four Honorary Fellows were elected at the anniversary meeting. Obituaries for some notable Fellows that died in the previous year were read. The annual report on the number of visitors to the museum and the donations to the Society was then presented.

 

Meeting notes for 12 December, 1881 are appended.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 8 May 1882.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Front matter for Volume 16

Table of contents

List of illustrations

Office-bearers 1881-2

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 

List of the Fellows November 1882

List of Honorary members November 1882

List of the Lady Associates November 1882
Anniversary Meeting
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

At the Anniversary meeting, several Fellows were elected and the annual report on the items donated in the previous session and the number of visitors to the Society's museum was delivered.

 

Meeting notes for 11 December, 1882 are appended.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 14 May 1883.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 8 January 1883.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

After the election of new Fellows, it was noted that there were several prominent vacancies in the Council at the start of this session. Obituaries were read for several notable Fellows who died during the previous session, including a frequent contributor to the Proceedings John Alexander Smith. The annual report on the number of visitors and donations to the Society's museum was then read.

 

Meeting notes for 10 December, 1883 are appended.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 12 May 1884.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

At the anniversary meeting, new Fellows were elected and obituaries for deceased Fellows were read. The annual report on the donations and visitors to the museum is then presented.

 

Meeting notes for 8 December, 1884 are appended.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 9 March 1885.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Meeting notes for 11 May 1885.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: November 2022

Front matter for Volume 19

Table of contents 

List of illustrations

Office-bearers 1884-5

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 

List of the Fellows November 1885

List of Honorary members November 1885

List of the Lady Associates November 1885
Hormone Therapy for the Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions in Postmenopausal Persons
Authors:   US Preventive Services Task Force, Mangione Carol M. , Barry Michael J. , Nicholson Wanda K. , Cabana Michael , Caughey Aaron B. , Chelmow David , Coker Tumaini Rucker , Davis Esa M. , Donahue Katrina E. , Jaén Carlos Roberto , Kubik Martha , Li Li , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Pbert Lori , Ruiz John M. , Stevermer James , Wong John B.
Published: November 2022

Importance

Menopause is defined as the cessation of a person’s menstrual cycle. It is defined retrospectively, 12 months after the final menstrual period. Perimenopause, or the menopausal transition, is the few-year time period preceding a person’s final menstrual period and is characterized by increasing menstrual cycle length variability and periods of amenorrhea, and often symptoms such as vasomotor dysfunction. The prevalence and incidence of most chronic diseases (eg, cardiovascular disease, cancer, osteoporosis, and fracture) increase with age, and US persons who reach menopause are expected on average to live more than another 30 years.

Objective

To update its 2017 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of systemic (ie, oral or transdermal) hormone therapy for the prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons and whether outcomes vary by age or by timing of intervention after menopause.

Population

Asymptomatic postmenopausal persons who are considering hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic medical conditions.

Evidence Assessment

The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that the use of combined estrogen and progestin for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons with an intact uterus has no net benefit. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that the use of estrogen alone for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons who have had a hysterectomy has no net benefit.

Recommendation

The USPSTF recommends against the use of combined estrogen and progestin for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons. (D recommendation) The USPSTF recommends against the use of estrogen alone for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons who have had a hysterectomy. (D recommendation)
Menopausal Hormone Therapy for Prevention of Chronic Conditions
Authors: Jin Jill
Published: November 2022

This JAMA Patient Page summarizes the US Preventive Services Task Force’s recommendations on use of hormone therapy for prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal individuals.
Validity of the Single-Item Screen–Cannabis (SIS-C) for Cannabis Use Disorder Screening in Routine Care
Authors: Matson Theresa E. , Lapham Gwen T. , Bobb Jennifer F. , Oliver Malia , Hallgren Kevin A. , Williams Emily C. , Bradley Katharine A.
Published: November 2022

Importance

Cannabis use is prevalent and increasing, and frequent use intensifies the risk of cannabis use disorder (CUD). CUD is underrecognized in medical settings, but a validated single-item cannabis screen could increase recognition.

Objective

To evaluate the Single-Item Screen–Cannabis (SIS-C), administered and documented in routine primary care, compared with a confidential reference standard measure of CUD.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This diagnostic study included a sample of adult patients who completed routine cannabis screening between January 28 and September 12, 2019, and were randomly selected for a confidential survey about cannabis use. Random sampling was stratified by frequency of past-year use and race and ethnicity. The study was conducted at an integrated health system in Washington state, where adult cannabis use is legal. Data were analyzed from May 2021 to March 2022.

Exposures

The SIS-C asks about frequency of past-year cannabis use with responses (none, less than monthly, monthly, weekly, daily or almost daily) documented in patients’ medical records.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Composite International Diagnostic Interview–Substance Abuse Module (CIDI-SAM) for past-year CUD was completed on a confidential survey and considered the reference standard. The SIS-C was compared with 2 or more criteria on the CIDI-SAM, consistent with CUD. All analyses were weighted, accounting for survey design and nonresponse, to obtain estimates representative of the health system primary care population.

Results

Of 5000 sampled adult patients, 1688 responded to the cannabis survey (34% response rate). Patients were predominantly middle-aged (weighted mean [SD] age, 50.7 [18.1]), female or women (weighted proportion [SE], 55.9% [4.1]), non-Hispanic (weighted proportion [SE], 96.7% [1.0]), and White (weighted proportion [SE], 74.2% [3.7]). Approximately 6.6% of patients met criteria for past-year CUD. The SIS-C had an area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.78-0.96) for identifying CUD. A threshold of less than monthly cannabis use balanced sensitivity (0.88) and specificity (0.83) for detecting CUD. In populations with a 6% prevalence of CUD, predictive values of a positive screen ranged from 17% to 34%, while predictive values of a negative screen ranged from 97% to 100%.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this diagnostic study, the SIS-C had excellent performance characteristics in routine care as a screen for CUD. While high negative predictive values suggest that the SIS-C accurately identifies patients without CUD, low positive predictive values indicate a need for further diagnostic assessment following positive results when screening for CUD in primary care.
Influence of different air CT numbers for IVDT on the dose distribution in TomoTherapy MVCT
Authors: Tsunemine Shogo , Ozawa Shuichi , Nakao Minoru , Miura Hideharu , Saito Akito , Kawahara Daisuke , Onishi Yasuhiko , Onishi Takashi , Hashiguchi Taiki , Matsumoto Yoshihisa , Maruta Tsutomu , Murakami Yuji , Nagata Yasushi
Published: November 2022

This study aims to evaluate the effect of different air computed tomography (CT) numbers of the image value density table (IVDT) on the retrospective dose calculation of head‐and‐neck (HN) radiotherapy using TomoTherapy megavoltage CT (MVCT) images. The CT numbers of the inside and outside air and each tissue‐equivalent plug of the “Cheese” phantom were obtained from TomoTherapy MVCT. Two IVDTs with different air CT numbers were created and applied to MVCT images of the HN anthropomorphic phantom and recalculated by Planned Adaptive to verify dose distribution. We defined the recalculation dose with MVCT images using both inside and outside air of the IVDT as and , respectively. Treatment planning doses calculated on kVCT images were compared with those calculated on MVCT images using two different IVDT tables, namely, and . The difference between average MVCT numbers ±1 standard deviation on inside and outside air of the calibration phantom was 65 ± 36 HU. This difference in MVCT number of air exceeded the recommendation lung tolerance for dose calculation error of 2%. The dose differences between the planning target volume (PTV): D98%, D50%, D2% and the organ at risk (OAR): Dmax, Dmean recalculated by and using MVCT images were a maximum of 0.7% and 1.2%, respectively. Recalculated doses to the PTV and OAR with MVCT showed that was 0.5%–0.7% closer to the kVCT treatment planning dose than . This study showed that was more accurate than in recalculating the dose HN cases of MVCT using TomoTherapy.
Autobiographical memory and future episodic thinking among trauma‐exposed Rohingya refugee people
Authors: Khan Sanjida , Haque Shamsul
Published: November 2022

Past research has shown that trauma‐exposed refugee people frequently report less specific autobiographical memories, but the characteristics of their future episodic thinking remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the specificity and emotional valence of autobiographical memory and future episodic thinking produced by 120 Rohingya refugee people resettled in Malaysia. The participants retrieved three autobiographical memories and produced three future episodes to three cue words. The Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder‐8 Scale, Patients Health Questionnaire‐9, and Trauma Questionnaires assessed participants' PTSD, depression, and trauma exposures. Results revealed that nearly two‐thirds of the memories (64%) were overgeneral, and almost an equal number contained traumatic elements (63%). However, most future episodes were overgeneral (91%), and two‐thirds showed positivity bias (62.5%). The participants who retrieved more autobiographical memories with enhanced specificity also reported more future episodes with enhanced specificity. The higher PTSD and depression significantly predicted the reporting of overgeneral future episodes. Participants with a lower level of depression were more likely to report future episodes with enhanced positivity. The results indicate that therapeutic interventions targeting improving memory specificity and the positivity of future episodes could eventually improve refugee people's mental health.
Nanofiber Aerogels with Precision Macrochannels and LL‐37‐Mimic Peptides Synergistically Promote Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: John Johnson V. , Sharma Navatha Shree , Tang Guosheng , Luo Zeyu , Su Yajuan , Weihs Shelbie , Shahriar S. M. Shatil , Wang Guangshun , McCarthy Alec , Dyke Justin , Zhang Yu Shrike , Khademhosseini Ali , Xie Jingwei
Published: November 2022

Fast healing of diabetic wounds remains a major clinical challenge. Herein, this study reports a strategy to combine nanofiber aerogels containing precision macrochannels and the LL‐37‐mimic peptide W379 for rapid diabetic wound healing. Nanofiber aerogels consisting of poly(glycolide‐co‐lactide) (PGLA 90:10)/gelatin and poly‐p‐dioxanone (PDO)/gelatin short electrospun fiber segments are prepared by partially anisotropic freeze‐drying, cross‐linking, and sacrificial templating with 3D printed meshes, exhibiting nanofibrous architecture and precision micro‐/macrochannels. Like human cathelicidin LL‐37, W379 peptide at a concentration of 3 µg mL−1 enhances the migration and proliferation of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts in a cell scratch assay and a proliferation assay. In vivo studies show that nanofiber aerogels with precision macrochannels can greatly promote cell penetration compared to aerogels without macrochannels. Relative to control and aerogels with and without macrochannels, adding W379 peptides to aerogels with precision macrochannels shows the best efficacy in healing diabetic wounds in mice in terms of cell infiltration, neovascularization, and re‐epithelialization. The fast re‐epithelization could be due to the upregulation of phospho‐extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase) after treatment with W379. Together, the approach developed in this study could be promising for the treatment of diabetic wounds and other chronic wounds.
Recent Advances in Structural Design of Efficient Near‐Infrared Light‐Emitting Organic Small Molecules
Authors: Kim Hae Un , Kim Taehyun , Kim Chanhyuk , Kim Minjun , Park Taiho
Published: November 2022

Organic light‐emitting materials in the near‐infrared (NIR) region are important to realize next‐generation lightweight and wearable applications in bioimaging, photodynamic therapy, and telecommunications. Inorganic and organometallic light‐emitting materials are expensive and toxic; thus, the development of purely organic light‐emitting materials is essential. However, the development of highly efficient NIR light‐emitting materials made of organic materials is still in its infancy. Therefore, this review outlines molecular design strategies for developing organic small‐molecule NIR light‐emitting materials with high emission efficiency that can overcome the energy‐gap law to be applied to next‐generation wearable devices. After briefly reviewing the basic knowledge required for the NIR emission of organic molecules, representative high‐efficiency molecules reported over the past 5 years are classified according to their core moieties, and their molecular design, physical properties, and luminescence characteristics are analyzed. Further, the perspective and outlook regarding the development of next‐generation high‐efficiency NIR organic light‐emitting materials are provided.
Polyoxometalate‐Soft Matter Composite Materials: Design Strategies, Applications, and Future Directions
Authors: Kruse Jan‐Hendrik , Langer Marcel , Romanenko Iuliia , Trentin Ivan , Hernández‐Castillo David , González Leticia , Schacher Felix H. , Streb Carsten
Published: November 2022

Molecular metal oxides or polyoxometalates (POMs) offer unrivaled properties in areas ranging from catalysis and energy conversion through to molecular electronics, biomimetics, and theranostics. While POMs are ubiquitous metal oxide model systems studied in most areas of chemistry and materials science, their technological deployment is often hampered by their molecular nature, as this leads to increased degradation, leaching, and loss of reactivity, particularly when harsh applications, such as water electrolysis, thermal catalysis or highly basic/acidic reaction solutions are targeted. Therefore, immobilization of POMs on heterogeneous substrates has recently become a central theme in POM research. While early studies focused mainly on metal oxide and semiconductor supports, more recently, POM integration in soft matter matrices including polymers, conductive polymers, hydrogels, and stimuli‐responsive matrices leads to breakthroughs in multifunctional composite design. This Review summarizes pioneering experimental and theoretical progress in this emerging field over the last decade, highlighting current challenges that need to be overcome to allow a more widespread technological deployment and providing the authors’ view of some of the most promising future directions of the research field. In addition, the current understanding of correlations between structure (on the molecular, nano‐ and microscale) and reactivity in POM polymer composites is summarized, so that rational materials design can be further developed.
Nanowires for UV–vis–IR Optoelectronic Synaptic Devices
Authors: Chen Xue , Chen Bingkun , Jiang Bei , Gao Tengfei , Shang Gang , Han Su‐Ting , Kuo Chi‐Ching , Roy Vellaisamy A. L. , Zhou Ye
Published: November 2022

Simulating biological synaptic functionalities through artificial synaptic devices opens up an innovative way to overcome the von Neumann bottleneck at the device level. Artificial optoelectronic synapses provide a non‐contact method to operate the devices and overcome the shortcomings of electrical synaptic devices. With the advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, adjustable light absorption coefficient, and broad spectral range, nanowires (NWs)‐based optoelectronic synapses have attracted wide attention. Herein, to better promote the applications of nanowires‐based optoelectronic synapses for future neuromorphic systems, the functionalities of optoelectronic synaptic devices and the current progress of NWs optoelectronic synaptic devices in UV–vis–IR spectral range are introduced. Furthermore, a bridge between NWs‐based optoelectronic synaptic device and the neuromorphic system is established. Challenges for the forthcoming development of NWs optoelectronic synapses are also discussed. This review may offer a vision into the design and neuromorphic applications of NWs‐based optoelectronic synaptic devices.
Active Motif Change of Ni‐Fe Spinel Oxide by Ir Doping for Highly Durable and Facile Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Hong Sukhwa , Ham Kahyun , Hwang Jeemin , Kang Sinwoo , Seo Min Ho , Choi Young‐Woo , Han Byungchan , Lee Jaeyoung , Cho Kangwoo
Published: November 2022

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for producing sustainable energy carriers. Herein, Ir (5 mol.%) doped inverse‐spinel NiFe2O4 (Ir‐NFO) nanoparticles deposited on Ni foam (NF) by scalable solution casting are considered a promising OER electrocatalyst for industrial deployments. The Ir‐NFO/NF (with minimal lattice distortion by uniform Ir doping) provides an OER overpotential of 251 mV (intrinsically outperforming NFO/NF and benchmarking IrO2/NF) and extraordinary robustness over 130 days at 100 mA cm−2. In situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy reveals oxidation only for Fe on NFO, whereas concurrent generation of higher‐valent Ni and Fe occurs on Ir‐NFO during OER. Density functional theory calculations further demonstrate that Ir substitutes the sublayer Ni octahedral site and switches the main active reaction center from FeOhFeTd bridge site (FeOFe) on NFO to NiOh–FeTd bridge site (NiOFe active motif) on Ir‐NFO for a co‐catalytic OER. This study sheds new light on precious‐metal doped Ni‐Fe oxides, which may be applicable to other binary/ternary oxide electrocatalysts.
Techniques and Materials for High‐Throughput Fabrication and Integration of Multiparameter Flexible Skin Patches
Authors: Huang Xian , Li Xueting , Wu Ziyue , Zhou Pan , Ling Wei , Wan Chunxue , Li Jiameng
Published: November 2022

The development of batch fabrication techniques for flexible skin patches may promote the use of these devices in daily health monitoring and public health crisis. Here, a modularized mass fabrication and selective integration approach that can yield multiparameter electronic skin patches are presented. The screen‐printing technique has been adopted to achieve five modularized sensors for electrocardiogram (ECG), temperature, hydration, blood oxygen, and pH sensing as well as a universal central hub to connect the sensors with external wireless circuits. In a single glass substrate, 13 ECG electrodes, more than 200 sensors, or 80 central hubs can be printed with high homogeneity in performance. In addition to rapid printing of these components, special temperature‐sensitive paste, batch electropolymerization processes, selection of stress confining substrates, and usage of anisotropic conductive tapes have been investigated to facilitate the integration processes of the multiparameter skin patches. The systematic techniques presented in this paper may help to overcome the bottleneck that is currently constraining the mass fabrication of multiparameter skin patches, allowing rapid deployment and convenient application of these devices for health monitoring in large populations.
Spintronic Terahertz Emission in Ultrawide Bandgap Semiconductor/Ferromagnet Heterostructures
Authors: Comstock Andrew , Biliroglu Melike , Seyitliyev Dovletgeldi , McConnell Aeron , Vetter Eric , Reddy Pramod , Kirste Ronny , Szymanski Dennis , Sitar Zlatko , Collazo Ramón , Gundogdu Kenan , Sun Dali
Published: November 2022

Recent successful integration of semiconductors into spintronic THz emitters has demonstrated a new pathway of control over terahertz (THz) radiation through ultrafast demagnetization dynamics. Here, the spintronic THz emission from different ultrawide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors interfaced with ferromagnets is studied. The authors show that the Schottky barrier in the UWBG semiconductor AlN acts as a spin filter that increases the polarization of the spin current injected from the ferromagnet. Furthermore, the authors show that the two‐dimensional electron gas at the interface between Al0.25Ga0.75N and GaN enhances the magnitude of the emitted radiation due to the high spin‐to‐charge conversion efficiency induced by the Rashba effect that results in a hallmark asymmetry in emission amplitude. The results provide a framework for future engineering of semiconducting/ferromagnet heterostructures for ultrafast communications technologies beyond 5G.
Hierarchically Porous Fiber‐Based Nanofluidic Diode as an Efficient Multimode Hygroelectric Generator
Authors: Lu Xulei , Yang Tingting , Fu Chunqiao , Jiang Zhongbao , Zhang Yong , Shang Kedong , He Changliu , Zhou Jian , He Qi‐Chang
Published: November 2022

Harvesting electrical energy from different forms of water by using the hydrovoltaic effect is a promising approach to green energy acquisition. However, at present, different devices are required to obtain electrical energy from different water forms, and the output performance of the devices is not high, which greatly reduces the convenience and effectiveness of harvesting electrical energy from different water forms. Here, a carbon nanofiber electrode with a hierarchical porous structure capable of promoting water molecule adsorption, rapid penetration, and diffusion is reported. Besides, the electrode acts as a nanofluidic diode with anodic aluminum oxide in which the built‐in electric field drives selective separation and directional transport of ions and efficient ion/electron current conversion at the electrodes. Unlike typical hygroelectric devices, the device can work with moisture (93% relative humidity, 25 °C, open‐circuit voltage (VOC) ≈ 1.1 V, short‐circuit current density (JSC) ≈ 27 µA cm−2), water droplets (2 µL, VOC ≈ 1.03 V, JSC ≈ 640 µA cm−2), and bulk water (VOC ≈ 1.15 V, JSC ≈ 256 µA cm−2). It provides an efficient way to generate electricity in multiform water environment, greatly broadening the working scene and improving the adaptability of the device in complex weather environments.
Structure and Performance Evolution of Perovskite Solar Cells under Extreme Temperatures
Authors: Li Guixiang , Su Zhenhuang , Li Meng , Lee Harrison Ka Hin , Datt Ram , Hughes Declan , Wang Chenyue , Flatken Marion , Köbler Hans , Jerónimo‐Rendon José Juan , Roy Rajarshi , Yang Feng , Pascual Jorge , Li Zhe , Tsoi Wing Chung , Gao Xingyu , Wang Zhaokui , Saliba Michael , Abate Antonio
Published: November 2022

Metal halide perovskite solar cells may work for application in extreme temperatures, such as those experienced under extraterrestrial conditions. However, device performances in extreme temperatures are poorly investigated. This work systematically explores the performance of perovskite solar cells between −160 and 150 °C. In situ grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering discloses perovskite phase transition and crystal disordering as dominant factors for the temperature‐dependent device efficiency deterioration. It is shown that perovskite lattice strain and relaxation originating from extreme temperature variations are recoverable, and so are the perovskite structure and photovoltaic performances. This work provides insights into the functioning under extreme temperatures, clarifying bottlenecks to overcome and the potential for extraterrestrial applications.
Examining awareness of privilege among midwestern college students: An analysis of race/ethnicity, gender, and religion
Authors: Todd Nathan R. , Blevins Emily J. , Yi Jacqueline , Boeh Bergmann Brett A. , Meno Camarin G.
Published: November 2022

Dominant group members often are not aware of the privileges they benefit from due to their dominant group membership. Yet individuals are members of multiple groups and may simultaneously occupy multiple categories of dominance and marginality, raising the question of how different group memberships work in concert to facilitate or inhibit awareness of multiple forms of privilege. Examining awareness of privilege is important as awareness may be linked to action to dismantle systems of privilege that maintain oppression and inequality. Grounded in intersectional scholarship, in this study we examined how occupying intersecting categories of race/ethnicity, gender, and religion corresponded to an awareness of White, male, and Christian privilege. In a sample of 2321 Midwestern college students, we demonstrated that students from marginalized groups broadly reported greater awareness of all forms of privilege than students from dominant groups, and the difference between marginalized and dominant groups was most pronounced when the specific group category (e.g., gender) aligned with the type of privilege (e.g., male privilege). We also tested interactions among race/ethnicity, gender, and religion, only finding an interaction between race/ethnicity and religion for awareness of White and male privilege. These findings helped to clarify that multiple group memberships tended to contribute to awareness as multiple main effects rather than as multiplicative. Finally, we examined mean differences among the eight intersected groups to explore similarities and differences among groups in awareness of all types of privilege. Taken together, these findings quantitatively demonstrate the ways in which group memberships work together to contribute to awareness of multiple forms of privilege. We discuss study limitations and implications for community psychology research and practice.
Lethal respiratory course and additional features expand the phenotypic spectrum of PIEZO2‐related distal arthrogryposis type 5
Authors: Oliwa Agata , Hendson Glenda , Longman Cheryl , Synnes Anne , Seath Kim , Barnicoat Angela , Hall Judith G. , Patel Millan S.
Published: November 2022

Distal arthrogryposes (DA) are a group of conditions presenting with multiple congenital contractures in the distal joints. The 10 types of DA are distinguished by different extra‐articular manifestations. Heterozygous gain‐of‐function variants in PIEZO2 are known to cause a spectrum of DA conditions including DA type 3, DA type 5, and possibly Marden Walker syndrome, which are usually distinguished by the presence of cleft palate (DA3), ptosis and restriction in eye movements (DA5), and specific facial abnormalities and central nervous system involvement, respectively. We report on a boy with a recurrent de novo heterozygous PIEZO2 variant in exon 20 (NM_022068.3: c.2994G > A, p.(Met998Ile); NM_001378183.1: c.3069G > A, p.(Met1023Ile)), who presented at birth with DA and later developed respiratory insufficiency. His phenotype broadly fits the PIEZO2 phenotypic spectrum and potentially extends it with novel phenotypic features of pretibial linear vertical crease, immobile skin, immobile tongue, and lipid myopathy.
Energy‐Dependent Topological Black Holes in Massive Gravity Coupled to Double‐Logarithmic Electrodynamics
Authors: Ali Askar
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the nonlinear magnetized black holes of massive gravity's rainbow is investigated. In order to achieve this, the double‐logarithmic electromagnetic field is used as a matter source and the new anti‐de Sitter black hole solution is derived. The effects of the massive graviton, rainbow functions, and nonlinearity of the electromagnetic field on the black hole's inner and outer horizons are also studied. The black hole's thermodynamic properties are studied, and the mathematical expressions for temperature, heat capacity, and Gibbs free energy are found. The extended first law and Smarr's formula are derived as well. Using the behavior of thermodynamic quantities as a starting point, the local and global thermodynamic stabilities are also studied.
Controlling Single‐Photon Emission with Ultrathin Transdimensional Plasmonic Films
Authors: Bondarev Igor V.
Published: November 2022

The properties of a two‐level quantum dipole emitter near an ultrathin transdimensional plasmonic film are studied theoretically. The model system studied mimics a solid‐state single‐photon source device. Using realistic experimental parameters, the spontaneous and stimulated emission intensity profiles are computed as functions of the excitation frequency and film thickness, followed by the analysis of the second‐order photon correlations to explore the photon antibunching effect. It is shown that ultrathin transdimensional plasmonic films can greatly improve photon antibunching with thickness reduction, which allows one to control the quantum properties of light and make them more pronounced. Knowledge of these features is advantageous for solid‐state single‐photon source device engineering and overall for the development of the new integrated quantum photonics material platform based on the transdimensional plasmonic films.
Decreased Water Mobility Contributes To Increased α‐Synuclein Aggregation**
Authors: Stephens Amberley D. , Kölbel Johanna , Moons Rani , Chung Chyi Wei , Ruggiero Michael T. , Mahmoudi Najet , Shmool Talia A. , McCoy Thomas M. , Nietlispach Daniel , Routh Alexander F. , Sobott Frank , Zeitler J. Axel , Kaminski Schierle Gabriele S.
Published: November 2022

The solvation shell is essential for the folding and function of proteins, but how it contributes to protein misfolding and aggregation has still to be elucidated. We show that the mobility of solvation shell H2O molecules influences the aggregation rate of the amyloid protein α‐synuclein (αSyn), a protein associated with Parkinson's disease. When the mobility of H2O within the solvation shell is reduced by the presence of NaCl, αSyn aggregation rate increases. Conversely, in the presence CsI the mobility of the solvation shell is increased and αSyn aggregation is reduced. Changing the solvent from H2O to D2O leads to increased aggregation rates, indicating a solvent driven effect. We show the increased aggregation rate is not directly due to a change in the structural conformations of αSyn, it is also influenced by a reduction in both the H2O mobility and αSyn mobility. We propose that reduced mobility of αSyn contributes to increased aggregation by promoting intermolecular interactions.
Potential use of carnauba wax oleogel to replace saturated fat in ice cream
Authors: Airoldi Rafaela , da Silva Thais Lomonaco Teodoro , Ract Juliana Neves Rodrigues , Foguel Aline , Colleran Heather L. , Ibrahim Salam A. , da Silva Roberta Claro
Published: November 2022

The objective of this study was to develop a wax‐oleogel (soybean oil—SBO, peanut oil—PNO, and carnauba wax—CBW) to be used as a fat replacer for ice cream formulations. The oleogels were structured with 6%, 8%, and 10% of CBW and were characterized by oil binding capacity (OBC), visual evaluation, thermal properties (DSC), and microstructure by polarized light microscopy (PLM). All oleogels resulted in a firm and stable gel for 60 days, regardless of the concentrations (6%, 8%, and 10%) and temperatures (5 and 25°C). The OBC of oleogels at 8% and 10% addition were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the oleogels with 6% of CBW. However, the oleogel formed with 6% of CBW showed more than 84% of oil retention after 60 days, indicating that the 6% of CBW was sufficient to develop a network that could hold the liquid oil into a gel‐like structure. Larger crystals (μm) were observed with 10% CBW addition (2.15 ± 0.16 μm SBO and 2.08 ± 0.22 mm PNO). After preliminary sensory studies, the SBO oleogel with 6% of CBW was chosen to be applied in the ice‐cream formulation. The ice cream preparations were analyzed by overrun, melting rate, fat composition, and sensory acceptance. The oleogel fat replacement (50% and 100%) reduced the melting rate of ice creams; however, it negatively affected the ice cream overrun. These results show that 50% replacement of the traditional lipid phase by CBW oleogel can be performed without causing sensory impairment.
Point‐of‐need quantitative detection of trihalomethanes in environmental water samples using a highly sensitive and selective fiber‐based preconcentration system
Authors: Rouhi Hadi , Duprey Colton , Cook Clint , Linn Emily , Veres Sarah , Chen George , Alshaikh Ali , Lu Yang , Terry Leigh , Elliott Mark , Wujcik Evan K.
Published: November 2022

Drinking water—a vital part of our ecosystem—is often exposed to contamination through industrialization. Halogenated compounds, for example, trihalomethanes (THMs), are among the most common contaminants, being by‐products of water chlorination/treatment. The carcinogenic and health effects of these compounds have motivated scientists to work on the accurate detection of THMs down to 80 ppb in treated water. Here, a superhydrophobic syndiotactic polypropylene (sPP) nanofiber mat is used to preconcentrate THMs in environmental water samples, and subsequently, detect them using a well‐known colorimetric reaction chemistry. The reaction chemistry yields a visible red/pink chromophore under visible light absorption. This reaction occurs when the preconcentrated THM becomes trapped in the liquid phase of the reaction chemistry, on the surface of the sPP fibers. This fiber mat is electrospun in a way which results in a large water contact angle >150°—allowing the working sensitivity of the reaction chemistry to be heightened and lowering the detection limit. The resulting color change can be analyzed via a simple quantitative color intensity analysis utilizing widely‐available software, measuring the THM content in water as low as 0.8 ppb. This cost‐effective and selective method was incorporated into a portable device, enabling on‐site users to evaluate the quality of drinking water.
Effect of in situ deposition of calcium carbonate in cotton fiber on its mechanical properties
Authors: Han Zongbao , Hu Jinbang , Huang Hongbo , Han Xiaoyu , Ke Yushi , Li Zhujun , Wang Yunli , Song Dengpeng , Xu Weilin
Published: November 2022

In this study, in order to improve mechanical properties of cotton fabrics, nano‐micro sized calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was deposited in situ on cotton fabrics. The mechanical properties, surface morphology, crystalline index, infrared spectrum, thermal property, and wettability of the deposited fabrics were measured and discussed. The results showed that the breaking strength of cotton fabric increased by about 10% after in situ deposition of nano‐micro calcium carbonate. After ultrasonic washing, the strength of cotton fabric deposited CaCO3 was still increased by about 10%. The crystallinity of the cotton fabric deposited with calcium carbonate increased from 76% to 84%. The hydrogen bond between cellulose molecules and calcium carbonate was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. The hydrophilicity and thermal properties of cotton fabric were not significantly influenced by calcium carbonate deposition. This provides a new idea for improving the mechanical properties of cotton fabric.
Intact memory storage but impaired retrieval in visual memory in autism: New insights from an electrophysiological study
Authors: Desaunay Pierre , Clochon Patrice , Doidy Franck , Hinault Thomas , Lambrechts Anna , Wantzen Prany , Wallois Fabrice , Mahmoudzadeh Mahdi , Guile Jean‐Marc , Guénolé Fabian , Baleyte Jean‐Marc , Eustache Francis , Bowler Dermot M. , Guillery‐Girard Bérengère
Published: November 2022

In a recent study on visual episodic memory (Desaunay, Clochon, et al., 2020), we have shown event‐related potentials (ERPs) differences associated with priming (150–300 msec), familiarity (350–470 msec), and recollection (600–700 msec), in young people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) compared with typical development (TD). To go further into the study of the processes of storage and retrieval of the memory trace, we re‐analyzed Desaunay, Clochon, et al's data using time‐frequency analysis, that is, event‐related synchronization and desynchronization (ERS/ERD). This allows a decomposition of the spectral power within frequency bands associated with these ERPs. We focused both on the same time windows and the same regions of interest as previously published. We mainly identified, in ASD compared with TD, reduced ERS in low‐frequencies (delta, theta) in early time‐windows, and non‐significant differences in ERD in higher frequencies (alpha, beta1) in all time‐windows. Reduced ERS during recognition confirmed previously reported diminution of priming effects and difficulties in manipulation and retrieval of both semantic and episodic information. Conversely, preserved ERD corroborates a preservation of memory storage processes. These observations are consistent with a cognitive model of memory in ASD, that suggests difficulties in cognitive operations or executive demand at retrieval, subsequent to successful long‐term storage of information.

Lay Summary

We assessed the EEG synchronization and desynchronization, during visual episodic recognition. We observed, in youth with Autism, reduced synchronization in low‐frequencies (delta, theta), suggesting reduced access to and manipulation of long‐term stored information. By contrast, non‐significant differences in desynchronization at higher frequencies (alpha, beta frequency bands), that support long‐term stored semantic and episodic information, suggested preserved memory traces.