bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migración vertical de fitoplancton en el lago de Atitlán, Guatemala
Authors: Arriola de León Régil Ana , Reyes Morales Elsa
Published: April 2022

La migración vertical es el movimiento que realiza el fitoplancton en la columna de agua como parte de su ciclo de vida o como resultado de condiciones medioambientales. En el presente estudio, se analizó la migración del fitoplancton durante julio del 2015 y febrero del 2017, para comprender el comportamiento del fitoplancton durante el día. Para esto, se realizaron muestreos de 24 h, registrando parámetros fisicoquímicos in situ y tomando muestras de fitoplancton a distintas profundidades (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 y 30 m) en diferentes momentos (5:00, 8:00, 12:00, 16:00, 19:00 y 22:00 h). Los grupos taxonómicos más diversos fueron las diatomeas (Bacillariophyta) y las algas verdes (Chlorophyta); y los géneros más abundantes fueron Aulacoseira sp. y Ceratium sp. Durante el 2015 se registraron 17 géneros pertenecientes a cinco grupos taxonómicos, se observó una disminución de las poblaciones de diatomeas en el tiempo y un aumento de cianobacterias alrededor de medio día y dinoflagelados en horas de la noche y en zonas más profundas. En el 2017 se registraron 20 géneros, con una dominancia mayor de 75% de diatomeas. Las abundancias de algas quebradizas, algas verdes y dinoflagelados permanecieron estables temporal y espacialmente y las cianobacterias presentaron una baja abundancia. En general, la variación espacio-temporal del fitoplancton en ambos años, se debe a las condiciones ambientales al momento del muestreo, siendo el fotoperiodo, la temperatura y la radiación solar las que determinaron su distribución.
Diversidad de hongos micorrícicos en bosques de Pinus caribaea en Poptún, Guatemala
Authors: Flores Arzú Roberto , Bran González María del Carmen
Published: April 2022

Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis (Sénéc.) W. H. Barrett & Golfari es una especie mesoamericana cuyo hábitat natural en Guatemala se está reduciendo aceleradamente por deforestación, aumento de ganadería y producción de cultivos de subsistencia. Además, los hongos ectomicorrícicos asociados, fundamentales para su supervivencia, han sido muy poco estudiados. Este es un estudio descriptivo que contiene información acerca de la diversidad de hongos micorrícicos recolectados en rodales de P. caribaea del municipio de Poptún, Petén, durante los años 1997-1998 y 2013 2016, del uso de algunos de esos hongos como inóculo micorrícico, de identificación molecular de dos especies de Lactarius y de importantes aspectos etnomicológicos locales. Se encontró que existen especies endémicas, como Boletus guatemalensis, predominancia de boletales y russulales, diversidad fúngica semejante a la del sureste del país, poco uso de hongos comestibles silvestres y el primer registro de Amanita persicina (anteriormente A. muscaria var. persicina) en las tierras bajas mayas de Guatemala, con importantes aportes etnomicológicos. Aunque la diversidad debe ser mucho mayor a la encontrada, es aconsejable proseguir las recolectas, la identificación taxonómica de las especies locales y promover la conservación y reforestación con esta singular especie de pino a nivel municipal.
Potencial de los hongos anamorfos de Guatemala para la producción de α-amilasas utilizando como sustrato cascarilla de arroz
Authors: Figueroa Ceballos Ricar , Bran González María del Carmen , Morales Esquivel Osberth , Álvarez Valenzuela Gustavo Adolfo
Published: April 2022

Los desechos agroindustriales se generan en grandes cantidades, y en la mayoría de los casos son depositados en vertederos lo cual constituye un problema ambiental. Estos residuos lignocelulósicos pueden utilizarse como materia prima o sustrato de crecimiento de hongos anamorfos, que a través de procesos de fermentación pueden producir biocombustibles, enzimas, vitaminas, antioxidantes, alimentos para animales, antibióticos y otros productos químicos. En este estudio se determinó la capacidad de producción de α-amilasas de 20 cepas nativas de hongos anamorfos del cepario de hongos del Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia, de la USAC a través de fermentación en estado sólido, utilizando como sustrato cascarilla de arroz. La extracción de las enzimas se realizó por microﬁltración y la actividad amilolítica fue medida por espectrofotometría. De las cepas evaluadas se encontró que las amilasas de Aspergillus sp. SL15319 mostraron la mayor actividad media (desviación estándar), tanto libres, 930.26 (1.56) UA/dl, como inmovilizadas, 900.34 (3.21) UA/dl, seguido por las de Beltrania rhombica, 905.02 (10.72) y 879.07 (3.87) UA/dl y Aspergillus sp. SL15119, 907.46 (5.17) y 875.95 (9.39) UA/dl (p < .05). La importancia de este estudio radica en dar a conocer el potencial de los hongos anamorfos nativos de Guatemala para el aprovechamiento de los residuos agroindustriales como materia prima para la producción de sustancias de utilidad para el ser humano, y en la reducción de la carga contaminante que se desecha al medio ambiente.
Evaluación neuroprotectora de Valeriana prionophylla, Wigandia urens y Tagetes lucida contra pérdida de memoria inducida por escopolamina en ratones CD-1
Authors: Morales Rodas David , Cruz Velásquez Sully Margot , Castañeda Molina Rodrigo
Published: April 2022

En la última década, las enfermedades neurológicas afectan a aproximadamente mil millones de personas a nivel mundial. En Guatemala existe un amplio uso de especies vegetales con uso tradicional para trastornos relacionados con el sistema nervioso central (SNC). Sin embargo, a la fecha aún no ha sido ampliamente explorado su potencial biológico. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar in vivo la actividad neuroprotectora de tres plantas nativas usadas tradicionalmente en Guatemala para afecciones del SNC.
Los extractos etanólicos de Tagetes lucida (TL), Valeriana prionophylla (VP) y metanólico de Wigandia urens (WU) fueron administrados oralmente (100 y 200 mg/kg), previo a administración intraperitoneal de escopolamina (ESC, 3 mg/kg) en ratones macho CD-1. Posteriormente se evalúo memoria de adquisición (días 2-6) y de referencia (día 7) utilizando el laberinto acuático de Morris a partir de análisis automatizado de comportamiento por sofware. Se utilizó como control positivo N-acetilcisteína (NAC) vía oral 100 mg/kg. Los resultados mostraron una significativa reducción en los tiempos de nado en el cuadrante objetivo durante la sesión de prueba entre el grupo control tratado con vehículo y el grupo tratado con ESC (p<.05). Esta disminución fue suprimida significativamente (p<.05) tras la administración de NAC, WU en 200 mg/kg y VP en 200 y 100 mg/kg. El grupo administrado con TL no mostró diferencia significativa en los tiempos de nado comparado con ESC. Los extractos de VP y WU presentaron un efecto neuroprotector contra la pérdida de memoria y adhiere evidencia a los efectos en el SNC producidos por estas especies endémicas.
PEMERIKSAAN DNA CAMPURAN DARI BERCAK DARAH DALAM MEDIA AIR
Authors: Saamia Vira , Ana Oktaviani Dwi , Betaria Aritonang Setia , Made Wiranatha I , Rofik Irfan , Tiara Parji S Ajeng
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
In some crimes, blood spots are found in water, either in bathroom tubs, ponds, bathing tubs for clothes, rivers, etc. Spots of blood in the water are also not uncommon to be found splashed on clothes or other objects. This study aims to determine the effect of water media on DNA testing from mixed blood. The results of this study are expected to provide an overview for forensic DNA examiners in cases related to evidence of blood in water or blood in water splashed on clothes or other things. The samples used were fresh blood taken from 3 donors (2 women and 1 man) who were treated with 1:5000, 1:4000, 1:3000 and 1:1000 dilutions as well as detergent and touch treatments. Presumptive test was carried out first on blood spots on clothes, DNA analysis was carried out by DNA extraction, DNA quantification with Real time PCR, amplification of STR loci and fragment analysis. Based on the results of this study, it is known that water affects DNA quality. Both direct examination of water media and blood in water that has moved to clothes. Likewise, blood that has been exposed to detergent cannot be subjected to further DNA analysis.
ABSTRAK
Dalam beberapa tindak pidana bercak darah ditemukan di dalam air baik di bak kamar mandi, kolam, bak rendaman pakaian, sungai, dsb. Bercak darah dalam air ini juga tidak jarang ditemukan memercik pada pakaian atau benda lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media air terhadap pemeriksaan DNA dari darah campuran. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi gambaran pada pemeriksa DNA forensik dalam kasus yang berhubungan dengan barang bukti darah dalam air atau darah dalam air yang terciprat pada pakaian atau beda lain. Sampel yang digunakan adalah darah segar yang diambil dari 3 donor (2 perempuan dan 1 pria) yang diberi perlakuan pengenceran 1:5000, 1:4000, 1:3000 dan 1:1000 serta perlakuan detergen dan sentuhan. Uji presumptive dilakukan terlebih dahulu pada bercak darah di pakaian, analisis DNA dilakukan dengan ekstraksi DNA, kuantifikasi DNA dengan Real time PCR, amplifikasi lokus STR dan analisis fragmen.  Berdaasarkan hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa air mempengaruhi kualitas DNA. Baik pemeriksaan secara langsung dari media air maupun yang darah dalam air yang telah berpindah ke pakaian. Begitu juga darah yang telah terpapar dengan detergent tidak dapat dilakukan analisis DNA lebih lanjut.
Role of Hydantoin Derivatives in Syntheses of Polyaspartates
Authors: Podešva Jiří , Dušková Smrčková Miroslava , Trhlíková Olga
Published: April 2022

Polyaspartates are industrially important resins formed by reactions of N-substituted 2‑aminosuccinates (or, synonymously, N-substituted aspartates) with isocyanates. To obtain sufficiently crosslinked networks, applicable as coatings, bis-aspartates with two secondary NH groups and isocyanates with more than two NCO groups in their molecules must be used. There are two major problems connected with these preparations: (i) bis-aspartates which are mostly synthesized by the aza-Michael addition of NH2 groups of a suitable diamine to C=C bonds of a maleate ester almost always contain a certain amount of a fumarate ester (usually a few percent) as a result of the Z→E isomerization, unavoidably accompanying the addition; this deteriorates the quality of the resulting product; (ii) during the reaction of bis-aspartate with isocyanate, hydantoin rings are often formed to some extent in addition to the desirable three dimensional structures; the presence of these rings decreases the attainable network density. In this review, those properties, syntheses, and reactions of hydantoin are summarized which could be useful for finding conditions to avoid the formation of hydantoin rings.

Fulltext of this article is available on the website of this Journal.
Investigating the Problems Faced by the University EFL Learners in Speaking English Language
Authors: Islam Wahidul , Ahmad Saleh , Islam Md Didarul
Published: April 2022

Speaking English is a part of the daily academic life of the EFL learners at the undergraduate level of the major English programs in Bangladesh. This practice sometimes creates many problems for first-year undergraduate public and private university students. Despite its importance, sufficient data about the problems Bangladeshi university students face in speaking English was not found. To investigate the problems of speaking faced by the undergraduate students, the current study applied mixed methods, and eighty-eight students and four teachers from four universities participated in it. The result shows that both public and private university students with English majors face a lot of problems communicating in English. However, this study has found that public university students are slightly more competent in English and face fewer problems than private university students. The participants expressed different insights on the roles of curriculum, teaching techniques, and individual institutions to overcome the students' weakness in English speaking skills. Finally, the study puts forward some very specific recommendations on the basis of the findings for the concerned stakeholders.
SELECTION OF THE OPTIMAL REACTIVE FORCE TO ACHIEVE THE MAXIMUM SPEED OF THE ELECTROMAGNET
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Fiapshev A.G. , Khamokov M.M. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Kilchukova O.Kh. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Rozumatova K.S. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov
Published: April 2022

Based on the analysis of switching devices and various electrical installations, the article shows that their main element is a high-speed electromagnetic device that performs the functions of a reacting organ and a drive. Both a polarized and a neutral electromagnet can be used as such a device. So far, polarized electromagnets have been most widely used as the fastest ones. However, there are a number of designs of neutral type electromagnets that can replace polarized electromagnets, in particular in electric locomotive circuit breakers. An analysis of the state of the problem showed that the methods for calculating and studying high-speed electromagnetic devices require more rigorous and accurate mathematical calculations that allow replacing experimental studies in real emergency conditions and at the same time automating the work of researchers through the widespread use of more accurate calculations. The results of theoretical studies of processes occurring in high-speed electromagnets, mathematical dependencies for calculating parameters and characteristics, both in static and dynamic modes of operation, are presented. An equation was obtained to determine the optimal counteracting force, at which the cycle time is minimal. Mathematical algorithms have been developed for calculating the static and dynamic characteristics of high-speed electromagnets, taking into account steel saturation, leakage fluxes, eddy currents in massive elements of magnetic circuits and current conductors.
Erosion-permissible irrigation norms on southern chernozems during sprinkling
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Balkizov A. B. , Sasikov A. S. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Amshokov B. H. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov
Published: April 2022

The currently existing traditional approach to calculating the water consumption of agricultural crops is based on a shortage of soil moisture, in which the irrigation rate is determined taking into account the degree of desiccation of the soil at the time of irrigation, its water-physical properties, the depth of soaking and irrigation techniques. The subsequent determination of the elements of sprinkling irrigation technique is based on the obtained irrigation rate without taking into account the strength properties of the soil, its resistance to the effects of artificial rain energy, as well as the possibility of erosion processes. However, the practice of sprinkling irrigation in various climatic zones of the country shows that one of the main problems of sprinkling is the formation of surface, uncontrolled water runoff during irrigation, which leads to irrigation erosion of the soil, loss of water to runoff and deep focal infiltration, which, in turn, worsens the reclamation condition of the irrigated area, and ultimately – to a significant decrease in the effectiveness of sprinkling and its environmental safety. The methodology for assessing the use of sprinkler devices depending on soil conditions, based on comparing the average intensity (layer) of rain with the rate of absorption (layer) of absorbed water during the irrigation period in one position does not exclude these negative consequences during sprinkling. It is established that when justifying erosion-permissible irrigation norms, the indicator of free (nonpressure) water permeability, which depends on the size of raindrops and its intensity, should be used as a criterion for assessing water absorption into the soil.
The Effect of Sustainable Human Resource Management on Achieving Sustainable Employee Performance: An Empirical Study
Authors: Elsawy Mahmoud
Published: April 2022

The research investigated the nature of the relationship between the components of sustainable HRM and sustainable employee performance. 400 surveys were distributed to the participants, who work in the UAE industrial sector. They returned 333 valid usable questionnaires for a response percentage of 83.2%. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between the components of sustainable HRM and sustainable employee performance. The researcher also offers a discussion, practical and managerial implications, research limitations, and future research suggestions.
Rendimiento de estudiantes universitarios y sus determinantes
Authors: Porto Alberto , Di Gresia Luciano
Published: April 2022

This research reports the results of a survey carried out by the Departmentof Economics of the National University of La Plata. Subjects were 4676regular students of the school who participated on a voluntay basis. Wehave estimated the determinants of the students' performance. To this aimwe have measured performance in three ways: the number of subjectspassed per year,the average mark, and a combination of the two previousaverages. We have found that performance depends on the programe ofstudy (higher for economics), the sex (higher for women), the age (higherfor younger), the parents' education, the type of secondary school, and theregulations of the school about the condition of regular student. Theperformance is lower for students who work and decreases as the numberofworking hours increases.
Real Exchange Rate Targeting: ¿Trilema Monetario o Control de Capitales? La Política Fiscal
Authors: Milei Javier Gerardo
Published: April 2022

The paper shows that the impossibility to reach a real exchange ratetarget, as proposed by the "Monetary Trilemma" can be circumvented byadding one policy instrument. In the choice between countercyclical fiscalpolicy and control of capital movements, the first one appears as thepreferred option, since it provides a stable equilibrium. Not only anequilibrium is not achieved in the second case, but the restrictions tocapital movements in an economy whith a low level of capitalization doesnot look like a sensible choice.
El libre Albedrio y los Conceptos de Racionalidad y de Elección Racional en la Ciencia Económica
Authors: Montuschi Luisa
Published: April 2022

La noción de racionalidad es una de las más básicas utilizadas en los análisis económicos y de toma de decisiones empresariales. Pero también es una de las más controvertidas. La noción más tradicional de racionalidad en la ciencia económica, también identificada como “racionalidad clásica o neoclásica”, basada en la tradición de Hume, se refería a la manera óptima de utilizar medios para alcanzar determinados fines sin entrar a analizar ni la calidad o “racionalidad” de los medios y tanto menos de los fines. A fin de superar algunos de los problemas impuestos por tales limitaciones se analiza el significado del concepto de racionalidad distinguiendo entre racionalidad teórica y racionalidad práctica. También se considera el problema del libre albedrío y el determinismo. Y para comprender como las personas pueden tomar decisiones que se apartan del modelo de optimización se presentan distintos puntos de vista o nociones de racionalidad pertinentes en el análisis económico y en la teoría de la elección racional: racionalidad instrumental, racionalidad sustantiva y racionalidad de procedimientos, entre las más importantes.
Productividad de los factores en la agricultura argentina
Authors: Aragón Alberto Herrou
Published: April 2022

This paper is aimed at investigating the endogeneity of the total factor productivity in the Argentinean agriculture. In a simple model ofendogenous technological change, the implementation of new techniques of production would depend upon sectoral relative prices, and upon the overall endowment of capital and land relative to labor. It is found that the estimations using data covering the years 1939-1984 do not reject the hypothesis of endogeneity of technological change as a function of the aforementioned variables. It is also found that the fiscal deficit negatively affects the implementation of new techniques. The coefficient of labor in the value added of the agricultural sector (cereals and oilseeds, livestock and fisheries) is 0.28 according to the estimates of the 1973 input-output matrix data, a value that is very close to the estimate used in this paper.
Challenges for World Development: Letter from the Editors
Authors: Eisen Roland , Díaz Cafferata Alberto M.
Published: April 2022

The Revista de Economía y Estadística hosts in this volume selected papers from the VIII Arnoldshain Seminar held at the Universidade do Sao Paulo on March 2008, together with a contribution by Juan Carlos de Pablo. The Arnoldshain Seminars are named after the small town in the Taunus Mountains north of Frankfurt am Main where the first meeting in October 1995 took place. The organizer at that time, under the inspirationof  Prof. Ulrich Ritter was the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, withthe rest of the participants coming from the Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina, and Universidade do Sao Paulo, Brasil.
On Growth and Income Distribution in a Globalizing World
Authors: Eisen Roland
Published: April 2022

The basic idea explaining the relationship between economic growth and income distribution is the “U- shaped hypothesis” postulated by Simon Kuznets. This can be shown in a dual-economy model with technical progress. Initially, inequality is low, but as labour participation in the modern sector increases, higher wages in this sector tend to increase inequality. However, if enough labour is incorporated in the modern sector, wage inequality begins to diminish. Income inequality continues to worsen between the two sectors, if a new modern economy (e.g. IT-based technical change) is introduced and potential GDP shifts to a new trajectory before the turning point is reached. In a globalised word, the substantial unskilled-labour-saving technical progress puts pressure on wages of unskilled workers (in industrialized countries). Also, globalization may be blamed for leaving many nations and millions of people out from reaping the benefits of globalization. This problem can only be overcome by appropriate reforms of the international economic system.
Productivity Dynamics in the Distributive Trade Sector of Brazil, 1996-2004
Authors: de Vries Gaaitzen J.
Published: April 2022

This paper studies the productivity performance of distributive trade firms in Brazil. We decompose productivity growth within distributive trade industries into the contribution from entering, exiting, and continuing firms during 1996-2004. The decomposition indicates that productivity growth in the distributive trade sector of Brazil is largely due to productivity growth within continuing firms. Reallocation effects are small despite liberalization of services markets. Our findings of the distributive trade sector in Brazil are different from that in several OECD countries (in particular the UK and the US), where reallocation dynamics play an important role in accounting for growth.
The Sealing Ability of Guttaflow2 Sealer in Comparison to AH Plus Sealer Using Dye Penetration Method
Authors: Naser Sundus
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the apical sealing ability of GuttaFlow2 obturation material using dye penetration method. Palatal roots of forty five extracted maxillary first molars were instrumented with ProTaper rotary files to size F4. The teeth were divided into three experimental groups according to type of sealer used, group1: root obturated with AH Plus sealer and single cone technique, group2: root obturated with GuttaFlow2 sealer and single cone technique, group3: root obturated with GuttaFlow2 sealer only. Results: Data was subjected to statistical analysis. P-Value
Influencia de la publicidad en los argumentos de adolescentes sobre consumo alimentario
Authors: Girón-Gambero Jesús R. , Lupión-Cobos Teresa
Published: April 2022

En el presente estudio se pretende detectar vestigios de la publicidad en las respuestas que un grupo de estudiantes (14-15 años) ofrecen antes y después de la implementación de una propuesta didáctica sobre el consumo de un producto alimentario, donde se trabajó la argumentación. Para analizar los argumentos, se utiliza una adaptación del conocido esquema de Toulmin, mediante el diseño y puesta en práctica de una metodología de análisis propia, cuya aplicación ha posibilitado identificar la presencia de la publicidad en los argumentos sobre la decisión de consumo de un producto alimentario en las respuestas de los adolescentes. Los resultados permiten considerar que, al ensayar esta, se evidencia cómo la publicidad permanece anclada en las respuestas de los estudiantes, si bien también se manifiesta el aumento en el uso de argumentos científicos que aparecen junto a ella.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Modul Elektronik (E-Modul) Berbasis Flip Pdf Professional Pada Materi Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia Kelas XI SMA
Authors: R.Roro Rastrani Rahada Putri  , Kaspul Kaspul , Arsyad M.
Published: April 2022

Media pembelajaran modul elektronik (e-modul) merupakan media pembelajaran berbasis Flip PDF Professional yang dilengkapi dengan tampilan menarik seperti buku elektronik. Media ini sesuai dengan kurikulum 2013 yang mengoptimalisasikan teknologi dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran modul elektronik (e-modul) yang valid dan praktis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Research and Development) yang mengacu pada model 4-D  modifikasi S. Thiagarajan, dkk. Model pengembangn 4-D terdiri atas 4 tahap utama yaitu Define (Pendefinisian), Design (Perancangan), Develop (Pengembangan) dan Disseminate (Penyebaran) yang pada penelitian ini dilakukan hanya hingga tahap tiga yaitu Develop (Pengembangan). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 3 orang ahli dan 12 peserta didik kelas XI SMAN 7 Banjarmasin. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi ahli untuk menguji kevalidan dan lembar respon peserta didik untuk menguji kepraktisan. Analisis data validitas berdasarkan kategori Akbar (2013) dan kepraktisan berdasarkan kategori Akbar & Sriwiyana (2010). Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ialah media pembelajaran modul elektronik (e-modul) berbasis Flip PDF Professional memperoleh nilai validitas 89,33% dan kepraktisan 92,39%. Sehingga didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa validitas dan kepraktisan media pembelajaran modul elektronik (e-modul) berbasis Flip PDF Professional yang dikembangkan termasuk kategori sangat valid dan sangat praktis.
Analisis Keterampilan Proses Sains Melalui Metode Berbasis Masalah Pada Materi Keanekaragaman Mahluk Hidup
Authors: Ariyansyah Ariyansyah , Nurfathurrahmah Nurfathurrahmah
Published: April 2022

Keterampilan proses sains sangat penting bagi setiap peserta didik sebagai bekal untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan baru, kurangnya keterampilan proses sains akan menyulitkan peserta didik memahami pelajaran keanekaragaman mahluk hidup itu sendiri. Hal ini terjadi pada peserta didik kelas VII SMPN 1 Kota Bima, mereka belum sepenuhnya memahami konsep Biologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Keterampilan Proses Sains yang muncul di dalam mata pelajaran keanekaragaman mahluk hidup kelas VII SMPN 1 Kota Bima dan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 31 orang siswa yang dipilih dengan teknik acak. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes, observasi dan tugas kelompok. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunkan reduksi data, Penyajian data, dan consclusion drawing atau kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah keterampilan proses sains yang paling banyak muncul yaitu aspek komunikasi, mengamati (eksperimen), mendefinisikan secara operasional, observasi, mempredikasi, mempredikasi sikap ilmiah yang dominan muncul dari 9 aspek yaitu aspek komunikasi dan interprestasi data.
Keragaman Spesies Ikan Lais Genus Kryptopterus Di Sungai Nagara Desa Pandak Daun Kecamatan Daha Utara Berbentuk Buku Saku
Authors: Fajriati Nur Arie , Halang Bunda , Mahrudin Mahrudin
Published: April 2022

Ikan sangat berperan bagi keseimbangan ekosistem, adanya ikan juga dapat digunakan sebagai objek kajian pembelajaran, yang dapat disusun menjadi bahan ajar yang berbasis potensi lokal. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu (1) Mendeskripsikan keragaman spesies ikan lais (genus Kryptopterus) yang ditemukan di Sungai Nagara Desa Pandak Daun Kecamatan Daha Utara. (2) Mendeskrpsikan validasi buku saku yang valid tentang keragaman spesies ikan lais  (genus Kryptopterus) di Sungai Nagara Desa Pandak Daun Kecamatan Daha Utara. (3) Mendeskripsikan hasil uji keterbacaan buku saku  tentang keragaman spesies ikan lais (genus Kryptopterus) di Sungai Nagara Desa Pandak Daun Kecamatan Daha Utara. Metode penelitian deskriptif menggunakan teknik sampling acak dan metode penelitian pengembangan Borg and Gall (1989) hanya pada langkah-langkah yaitu research and Information collecting, planning, develop preliminary form of product, preliminary field testing, main product revision. Hasil penelitian didapatkan empat jenis ikan lais yaitu ikan lais  padang (Kryptopterus bicirrhis), ikan lais tabiringan (Kryptopterus hexapterus), ikan lais lompok (Kryptopterus limpok) dan ikan lais (Kryptopterus cryptopterus). Penilaian validitas buku saku yang dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat valid berdasarkan 2 validator dengan kriteria sangat valid pada aspek materi 89,58%, aspek kebahasaan 80,55%, dan aspek penyajian 81,94%. Hasil uji keterbacaan oleh 5 orang mahasiswa mendapatkan skor 89,11 dengan kriteria sangat baik.
Podkast som produkt: Litterær kompetanse i elevproduserte podkaster i litteraturundervisningen på videregående skole
Authors: Dversnes Gunvald
Published: April 2022

Artikkelen utforsker elevproduksjon av podkaster i videregående skole ved å undersøke hvilken litterær kompetanse vg1-elever ved det studiespesialiserende programområdet uttrykker når de lager podkaster om samtidslyrikk i litteraturundervisningen. Utgangs­punktet for undersøkelsen er Åsmund Hennigs (2017) forståelse av litterær kompetanse som (a) kunnskap om lesing, (b) kunnskap om kontekst, (c) kunnskap om tekst, og (d) litterær leseferdighet. Analysen viser at elevene uttrykker et bredt spekter av litterær kompetanse når de snakker om samtidslyrikk innenfor podkastformatet. Elevene deler sine egne leseopplevelser med lytterne, analyserer diktene i lys av fagbegreper og knytter dem opp mot en større kulturell kontekst. Elevene er i mindre grad opptatte av forfatterne bak samtidsdiktene og hvilke litterære tradisjoner de tilhører.
Changes in Arctic Ocean Circulation from In Situ and Remotely Sensed Observations: Synergies and Sampling Challenges
Authors:   University of Washington, Seattle, Morison James , Kwok Ron , Rigor Ignatius
Published: April 2022

Both in situ and remote sensing observations of Arctic Ocean hydrography and circulation have improved dramatically in recent decades, and combining the two can yield the most complete picture of Arctic Ocean change. Recent results derived from classical hydrography and satellite ocean altimetry illustrate this synergy and also reveal a fundamental in situ sampling challenge.
Forestry performance of Bertholletia excelsa Humn. & Bonpl Lecythidaceae under different fertilizers after two years of planting
Authors: Rodrigues José Ribamar Oliveira , Dionisio Luiz Fernandes Silva , Auca Edgar Cusi , Schwartz Gustavo , Corvera-Gomringer Ronald
Published: April 2022

Bertholletia excelsa is a species is frequently used in reforestation due to its high degree of adaptability and its excellent initial growth. Thus, this work aimed to study the growth of B. excelsa according to different types and concentrations of fertilization, seeking to contribute to the silvicultural development of this species. For this purpose, seedlings of B. excelsa were planted in the Madre de Dios region on a property near the province of Puerto Maldonado in Peru. The seedlings were selected when they presented an average height of 22 cm for all treatments, being T1: Dolomite + SPT; T2: Dolomite + NPK; T3: Dolomite + SPT + Agricultural plaster; T4: Dolomite + NPK + Agricultural plaster, and T5: A control treatment without fertilization modifications. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five treatments and four replicates of six seedlings each. Once the ANOVA assumptions were met, the data were subjected to analysis of variance, with significant differences between the data, the means were compared using the Tukey test (p < 0.05). Survival (%) was evaluated from the number of live individuals in two years of measurement. The treatment T4 presented great silvicultural potential, as the fertilization provided the development in height and diameter. Treatments T1 and T3 did not perform well when compared to the control, presenting the lowest growth rates in height and diameter, and the lowest survival rate. The control treatment did not differ statistically from T4, thus concluding that pre-plant fertilization of B. excelsa is not necessary.
Viral Vectors in Gene Therapy and Clinical Applications
Authors: L.G. Mahoney Alexandra , T. Nassif Najah , A. O’Brien Bronwyn , M. Simpson Ann
Published: April 2022

Developments in gene therapy, coupled with advances in genome sequencing and a greater understanding of DNA sequences, have given rise to an exciting area of research. The use of viral vectors in gene therapy has become a very promising and fast-emerging technology over the past few decades. Despite previous setbacks, the approval of viral vector therapies worldwide, with many in late-stage clinical trials has led to a significant increase in research in this area of gene therapy. Retroviral, adenoviral, adeno-associated viral, and lentiviral vectors are all key vectors currently being researched and used in clinical trials. There are many challenges with the use of viral vectors that are yet to be overcome including cost of production, the immune response, and the ability to precisely regulate the expression of the transgene. However, with increased numbers of clinical trials showing efficacy, safety, and growing financial investment, the future use of viral vectors in gene therapy is increasingly promising.
Reprofiling of Octogenarian Antiviral Agent: A New Avenue Venture to Discover Viral Infection
Authors: Farhana Nikhat , Gulzar Ahmed Mohammed , Asif Iqbal Mohammed , Gretta D’Souza Nishmitha , Makuttan Sudhina , Naval Aggarwal Natasha , Rahamanulla Abdul
Published: April 2022

Identification of a new drug molecule to a new target, specifically viral, bacterial, and fungal infection, is the prime focus of time immortal. The tridiagonal practice of drug discovery for emerging viral infection turned out to be a new venture to combat the morbidly and mortality of recent pandemics due to viral, bacterial, fungal, infection and infestation, the emerging number of viral infections day by day, the targeted therapy with the gap in assessment lead to reprofiling or repositioning available FDA-approved formulation give promising drug candidate for various infection specifically the current scenario of antiviral drug-reprofiling through drug designing approach, the emergence of resistance to existing antiviral drugs and re-emerging viral infections are the greatest challenges in antiviral drug discovery. The reprofiling approach is a worthy strategy to get the potent antiviral in brief span of time to overcome the challenges in antiviral therapy. The present chapter will be another representing the most promising results of reprofiling (Repositioning or repurposing) approach in the treatment of various infectious diseases.
Advances in the Bacteriophage-Based Precise Identification and Magnetic Relaxation Switch Sensor for Rapid Detection of Foodborne Pathogens
Authors: Chen Yiping , Wen Junping , Zhao Junpeng , Huang Chenxi
Published: April 2022

The development of novel and highly specific technologies for the rapid and sensitive detection of foodborne pathogens is very important for disease prevention and control. Bacteriophages can recognize viable and unviable bacteria, replacing antibodies as the recognition element in the immune response, which are currently being widely developed in novel precise identification biosensors. Magnetic relaxation switch sensors based on the magnetic relaxation signal has been used to construct a variety of background-free novel biosensors in recent years, which can realize rapid detection of foodborne pathogens. This chapter will mainly introduce the latest developments and future prospects of bacteriophages in the field of accurate identifications for foodborne pathogens. At the same time, it will introduce the research progress and development direction of novel magnetic relaxation switch sensors for detecting foodborne pathogens.
Definiční znaky podvodu na DPH v judikatuře Nejvyššího správního soudu
Authors: Procházka Vojtěch , Kupčík Petr , Brychta Karel
Published: April 2022

Tento příspěvek je zaměřen na analýzu a syntézu závěrů judikatury Nejvyššího správního soudu, které váznou k otázce zachování nároku na odpočet DPH ve spojení s daňovým podvodem. V tomto ohledu bezesporu sehrává velmi důležitou (ne-li přímo klíčovou) roli judikatura Soudního dvora EU. Je však na místě podotknout, že i přes nastavené mantinely a etablovaná pravidla zůstává členským státům nemalá míra diskrece, a dále pak to, že v rámci konkrétních kauz je zapotřebí zohledňovat specifika jednotlivých případů, na což ostatně upozorňuje i samotný Nejvyšší správní soud. Záměrem tohoto příspěvku bylo zmapování recentní judikatury Nejvyšší správního soudu ve vztahu k pojmovým znakům existence podvodu. Provedené zkoumání bylo cíleno na následující pojmové znaky podvodu na DPH: subjektivní stránka účasti na podvodu a opatření přijatá daňovým subjektem; definiční znaky chybějící daně a definiční znaky subjektu, kterému lze v řetězci odepřít nárok na odpočet. Úhrnem lze obecně konstatovat, že závěry uvedené ve vybraných rozsudcích Nejvyššího správního soudu lze považovat za konzistentní a logické a zároveň ty, které prochází určitým vývojem (spojeným mimo jiné s reflexí nové judikatury Soudního dvora EU). Judikatura v aktuální době již podává rozsáhlý, ale pochopitelně stále jen demonstrativní, výčet základních faktorů, které lze v rámci nesení důkazního břemene považovat za ty, které jdou subjektu k tíži. V tomto ohledu judikatura bezesporu poskytuje daňovým subjektům určité vodítko. Zároveň lze uzavřít, že judikatura Nejvyššího správního soudu vymezila mantinely i pro správce daně, a to i ve smyslu vymezení (specifikace) toho, co není jeho povinností v rámci prokazování účasti daňového subjektu na podvodu na DPH. Z pohledu teorie a praxe je pak velmi zajímavou, komplexní a problematickou otázkou vymezení subjektu, který je možné postihnout v rámci řetězce. Zde doznala judikatura Nejvyššího správního soudu v posledních třech letech určitého vývoje, který spíše svědčí ve prospěch správce daně.
Phi-Features in Animal Cognition
Authors: Golston Chris
Published: April 2022

This paper argues that the core phi-features behind grammatical person, number, and gender are widely used in animal cognition and are in no way limited to humans or to communication. Based on this, it is hypothesized (i) that the semantics behind phi-features were fixed long before primates evolved, (ii) that most go back as far as far as vertebrates, and (iii) that some are shared with insects and plants.
A arte de desarmar: corpo, escrita e dispositivos performativos em tempos sombrios
Authors: Quilici Cassiano Sydow
Published: April 2022

Dispositivos que articulam exercícios de atenção, escrita e práticas performativas foram meios de investigação de hábitos perceptivos, que desencadearam a invenção de linguagens e formas de compartilhamento, envolvendo ambientes artísticos e educacionais, na perspectiva de uma cena expandida. Ao lado dos procedimentos propriamente ditos, desenvolveu-se uma reflexão sobre o atual contexto de crises, em que se inserem atividades artísticas e formativas, especialmente no Brasil. As proposições dialogaram com saberes tradicionais, artísticos e acadêmicos, conectando dimensões sensoriais, perceptivas, afetivas e cognitivas, para a construção de ambientes e experiências coletivas. O artigo integra procedimentos da pesquisa na sua forma, intercalando reflexões teóricas com relatos curtos e “imagens”, que dialogam indiretamente com os temas abordados.
O espanto da atriz: efeitos éticos e estéticos no encontro com mulheres indígenas Guarani Mbya, na cena da Cia Livre
Authors: Romano Lucia Regina Vieira
Published: April 2022

Este artigo analisa duas produções da Cia Livre, apresentadas em 2019, baseadas na peça de aprendizado Os Horácios e os Curiácios (1933), de Brecht, e que tematizam a luta pela terra no Brasil hoje. Esse confronto foi sintetizado, em Morte e Dependência na Terra do Pau-Brasil e Os Um e Os Outros, como uma disputa entre o povo dos Um (povo que considera a si mesmo como universal) e o povo dos Outros (todos os outros povos, com suas culturas humanas, extra-humanas, animais, vegetais e minerais). A crítica ao modelo estético-filosófico do teatro Euro-ocidental aqui efetivada observa as contradições urdidas pelas presenças de intérpretes indígenas e não-indígenas, que espelham os dissensos e coalizões entre diferentes perspectivas das lutas emancipatórias. Como as experiências delas foram traduzidas na cena? Que tipo de sociabilidade foi ali projetada? Que forma teatral pode emergir da experiência de descentralização do sujeito ocidental que o grupo indica nesses trabalhos?
Plataformas digitais e as manifestações estéticas indígenas: para recolher ao longo do caminho
Authors: Jesus Naine Terena de , Fêo Flávio Justino
Published: April 2022

Este artigo tem a intenção de apresentar a experiência dos fazeres estéticos indígenas, de modo especial a partir da Plataforma Tepi (Teatro e Povos Indígenas). A produção do Tepi Podcast, surgiu de uma parceria firmada entre o Podcast Paraskeué e o Tepi, perfazendo a ideia de como o podcast pode ser um instrumento de registro das falas e modos de fazer de artistas indígenas, ao mesmo tempo, em que temos a ascensão das plataformas digitais como instrumentos potentes para a presença indígena no ambiente virtual.
Tensões entre o popular e o erudito: a obra teatral-musical Fulaninho em observações sociocuturais
Authors: Chaves Marcos Machado
Published: April 2022

Fruto de estudos e experimentos artísticos dialogados com o curso de Artes Cênicas da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, a presente reflexão aborda questões socioculturais na problematização de imaginários sociodiscursivos que cercam o universo híbrido teatral-musical. Por meio do teatro popular musical Fulaninho, que estreou no Teatro Municipal de Dourados em 2018, são observadas inquietações que perpassam tensões entre a cultura popular e a cultura erudita e que podem agir como fomento na propagação de estereótipos. Os tópicos do artigo passam pelo reconhecimento desses tensionamentos, pelo diálogo com a obra Fulaninho e culminam em reverberações no âmbito acadêmico com propostas de discussão em espaços de ensino e pesquisa.
The Inherent Limitations of Gender-Based Violence to the Exclusion of LGBTIQ: A Guide for Social Workers
Authors: Leburu Goitseone Emelda , Kgadima Nathaniel Phuti , Malesa Kgashane Johannes
Published: April 2022

Drawing from the queer theory, this article strives to understand the scourge of gender-based violence against members of the homosexual community through a literature review. There is a gap in understanding this scourge against LGBTIQ. Additionally, there is a dearth of research on GBV within the social work fraternity despite the profession’s mandate to protect vulnerable groups. A comprehensive understanding of this hate crime is critically important in the current times where incidents of violence based on one’s gender are on the rise in South Africa. Social workers are in a privileged position to educate communities about these appalling crimes and to inform inclusive policies to curb this pandemic against members of the homosexual community.
Impact of Allocation on Survival During Intermittent Chemotherapy Shortages: A Modeling Analysis
Authors: Hantel Andrew , McManus Michael L. , Wadleigh Martha , Cotugno Michael , Abel Gregory A.
Published: April 2022

Background:Intermittent shortages of chemotherapeutics used to treat curable malignancies are a worldwide problem that increases patient mortality. Although multiple strategies have been proposed for managing these shortages (eg, prioritizing patients by age, scarce treatment efficacy per volume, alternative treatment efficacy difference), critical clinical dilemmas arise when selecting a management strategy and understanding its impact.Patients and Methods:We developed a model to compare the impact of different allocation strategies on overall survival during intermittent chemotherapy shortages and tested it using vincristine, which was recently scarce for 9 months in the United States. Demographic and treatment data were abstracted from 1,689 previously treated patients in our tertiary-care system; alternatives were abstracted from NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for each disease and survival probabilities from the studies cited therein. Modeled survival was validated using SEER data. Nine-month shortages were modeled for all possible supply levels. Pairwise differences in 3-year survival and risk reductions were calculated for each strategy compared with standard practice (first-come, first-served) for each 50-mg supply increment, as were supply thresholds above which each strategy maintained survival similar to scenarios without shortages.Results:A strategy prioritizing by higher vincristine efficacy per volume and greater alternative treatment efficacy difference performed best, improving survival significantly (P<.01) across 86.5% of possible shortages (relative risk reduction, 8.3%; 99% CI, 8.0–8.5) compared with standard practice. This strategy also maintained survival rates similar to a model without shortages until supply fell below 72.2% of the amount required to treat all patients, compared with 94.3% for standard practice.Conclusions:During modeled vincristine shortages, prioritizing patients by higher efficacy per volume and alternative treatment efficacy difference significantly improved survival over standard practice. This approach can help optimize allocation as intermittent chemotherapy shortages continue to arise.