bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A self-assembling peptide inhibits the growth and function of fungi via a wrapping strategy
Authors: Qi Gao-Feng , Cui Xin , Gong Xue-Feng , Cui Xu , Xu Huan-Ge , Liang Qi-Lin , Zhang Kuo , Sha Xiao-Ling , Li Litao , Wang Gui-Yuan , Liang Hong-Wen , Wang Lei
Published: December 2023

The formation and transformation of antifungal peptide (AFP) nanoparticles (NPs) are presented. AFP self-assembles into NPs (i). AFP NPs target and bind to chitin (ii). AFP NPs transform into fibrous networks in solution (iii) and on the surface of fungal cells (iii′).
Engineering surface lattice hydroxyl groups toward highly efficient photocatalytic methane coupling
Authors: Ma Zili , Chen Yihong , Gao Chao , Xiong Yujie
Published: December 2023

This work designs a Nb3O7(OH) photocatalyst containing surface lattice hydroxyl groups for promoting photocatalytic CH4 coupling to C2H6 under mild conditions.
Metal exsolution from perovskite-based anodes in solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Zhu Shasha , Fan Junde , Li Zongbao , Wu Jun , Xiao Mengqin , Du Pengxuan , Wang Xin , Jia Lichao
Published: December 2023

Various effects in facilitating the exsolution of B-site cations for perovskite oxides.
A fluorene-bridged double carbonyl/amine multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter for efficient green OLEDs
Authors: Wu Sen , Hu Ya-Nan , Sun Dianming , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiao-Hong , Zysman-Colman Eli
Published: December 2023

We report a fluorene-bridged double carbonyl/amine-based MR TADF emitter DDiKTa-F. The OLEDs exhibited narrower, red-shifted emission and reduced efficiency roll-off compared to the device with the previously reported, conformationally flexible DDiKTa.
Enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution through MoS2 quantum dots modification of bismuth-based perovskites
Authors: Fan Yunjian , Hu Jingmiao , Li Tianyang , Xu Shuang , Chen Shan , Yin Huajie
Published: December 2023

We present a composite photocatalyst wherein MoS2 quantum dots (MoS2 QDs) are integrated as a cocatalyst into Cs3Bi2I9. This integration achieves an impressive high hydrogen production rate of 6.09 mmol h−1 g−1.
How the nature and charge of metal cations affect vibrations in acetone solvent molecules
Authors: Phasuk Apakorn , Lemaire Joel , Steinmetz Vincent , Maître Philippe , Metz Ricardo B.
Published: December 2023

The red shift in the CO stretch in M+/2+(Ace)n depends on the number of ligands and the metal's ionization energy.
Bond-alternated and bond-equalized hexazine derivatives
Authors: Krishnapriya Kunnumma Chelladath , Thayyil Ashith , Kumari Mithu , Parambil Priyakumari Chakkingal
Published: December 2023

Planar hexazines are stabilized by coordinating Lewis acids at alternate positions. Stronger Lewis acids induce bond-equalization, whereas the weaker ones result in bond-alternation.
Application progress of NiMoO4 electrocatalyst in basic oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Wang Haibin , Wang Zhaobo , Feng Zihang , Qiu Jiangyuan , Lei Xuefei , Wang Biao , Guo Rui
Published: December 2023

The combustion of fossil fuels as the main source of energy supply for human social activities has caused a great impact on the global environment.
Realistic material property prediction using domain adaptation based machine learning
Authors: Hu Jeffrey , Liu David , Fu Nihang , Dong Rongzhi
Published: December 2023

Scientists aim to predict properties for a known subset of related out-of-distribution materials rather than universally distributed samples. Introducing target material information enhances machine learning models.
Correction: Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium bifidum alleviate dry eye in mice with exorbital lacrimal gland excision by modulating gut inflammation and microbiota
Authors: Yun Soo-won , Son Young-Hoo , Lee Dong-Yun , Shin Yoon-Jung , Joo Han Myung , Kim Dong-Hyun
Published: December 2023

Correction for ‘Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium bifidum alleviate dry eye in mice with exorbital lacrimal gland excision by modulating gut inflammation and microbiota’ by Soo-won Yun et al., Food Funct., 2021, 12, 2489–2497, https://doi.org/10.1039/d0fo02984j.
Ultrasonic decoating as a new recycling path to separate oxygen side layers of solid oxide cells
Authors: Kaiser Carlo , Buchwald Thomas , Peuker Urs A.
Published: December 2023

Ultrasonic stress selectively separates oxygen side layers from solid oxide cells.
Nanostructured antimicrobial ZnO surfaces coated with an imidazolium-based ionic liquid
Authors: Seth Ajit , Raval Meet , Mandal Bishwajit , Hitaishi Prashant , Mandal Priya , Singh Samarendra P. , Ghosh Sajal K.
Published: December 2023

The global COVID-19 pandemic and concerns about antimicrobial resistance have intensified research towards the development of innovative methods and technologies to suppress the spread of infectious pathogens facilitated by high touch surfaces.
Determination of the vacancy distribution over Al cation sites in γ-Al2O3
Authors: Ayoola Henry O. , Li Cheng-Han , House Stephen D. , McCann Matthew P. , Kas Joshua J. , Jinschek Joerg R. , Rehr John J. , Saidi Wissam A. , Yang Judith C.
Published: December 2023

Correlated experimental and simulated electron diffraction and energy-loss spectroscopy were employed to determine the distribution of Al vacancies in the defective spinel structure of γ-Al2O3, which is important for accurate materials modeling.
Characterization of FeS2 pyrite microcrystals synthesized in different flux media
Authors: Kristmann Katriin , Raadik Taavi , Altosaar Mare , Danilson Mati , Krustok Jüri , Paaver Peeter , Butenko Yuriy
Published: December 2023

This study reports pyrite FeS2 microcrystals synthesized in different alkali metal fluxes. Material properties are compared, including the energy band diagrams and PL spectra. A pathway to decrease impurities’ concentration in pyrite has been shown.
Improved antimicrobial activities of Boswellia sacra essential oils nanoencapsulated into hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrins
Authors: Alabrahim Obaydah Abd Alkader , Alwahibi Salim , Azzazy Hassan Mohamed El-Said
Published: December 2023

Boswellia sacra essential oils, loaded in hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrins, show promise as natural antimicrobials for controlling food microbial contamination.
Interfacing poly(p-anisidine) with photosystem I for the fabrication of photoactive composite films
Authors: Nabhan Marc A. , Cordova-Huaman Allison V. , Cliffel David E. , Jennings G. Kane
Published: December 2023

The trans-membrane protein photosystem I is incorporated with the semiconducting polymer poly(p-anisidine) for the fabrication of biohybrid photoactive films.
Molecular dynamics studies of disulfide bonds for enhancing the stability of serine protease PB92
Authors: Zhao Guowei , Zhang Jian
Published: December 2023

Employing innovative disulfide bond engineering and theoretical simulation, we introduced two bonds into PB92, enhancing thermal stability. The graphic illustrates these bonds, showcasing their crucial role in stabilizing the proteinase structure.
Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon quantum dots from bagasse: inhibition of calcium sulphate scales
Authors: Yang Fangming , Li Duanzhi , Chen Zhihao , Yang Wenzhong
Published: December 2023

The conversion of biomass waste generated in large amounts to value-added materials and energy can reduce environmental pollution, atmospheric CO2 emissions and waste disposal costs in a circular economy.
Interfacial electric field construction of hollow PdS QDs/Zn1−xCdxS solid solution with enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Guo Cheng , Huang Zongyi , Long Xinrui , Sun Yuchen , Ma Pengfei , Zheng Quanxing , Lu Hongliang , Yi Xiaodong , Chen Zhou
Published: December 2023

The synthesis of hollow PdS QDs/Zn1−xCdxS composites demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance, providing a promising approach for developing efficient and green energy photocatalytic systems.
A triboelectric nanogenerator using degradable surface-modified cellulose acetate and ferroelectric gelatin composite nanofibers
Authors: Cao Viet Anh , Kim Minje , Cao Van Phuoc , Jeong Jong-Ryul , Kim Soo Young , Nah Junghyo
Published: December 2023

High output performance of degradable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is achieved by synergistically combining nanofibrous structures, chemical surface modification, and composite formation using ferroelectric fillers.
An ultraefficient surface functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene piezocatalyst: synchronous hydrogen evolution and wastewater treatment
Authors: Lai Sz-Nian , Chen Winston Yenyu , Yen Chao-Chun , Liao Yin-Song , Chen Po-Han , Stanciu Lia , Wu Jyh Ming
Published: December 2023

This study shows Ti3C2Tx-FOTS surface functionalization enhances piezoelectricity by modifying Si–O bonds, leading to a bifunctional piezocatalyst for simultaneous hydrogen production and wastewater decomposition without light.
A study of the doping process in Li4Ti5O12 and TiO2 battery electrode materials studied in the ion-gated transistor configuration
Authors: Garza José Ramón Herrera , Camargo Luan Pereira , Azari Ramin Karimi , Neres Lariel Chagas da Silva , Khaleel Shahid , Barbosa Martin Schwellberger , Soavi Francesca , Santato Clara
Published: December 2023

Ion-gated transistors using films of Li4Ti5O12 and TiO2 battery electrode materials interfaced with the ionic liquid [EMIM][TFSI] and the salt LiTFSI to study the doping mechanism during lithiation/delithiation considering possible structural changes.
Self-adaptive high-temperature gels with long-lasting underwater stability for environmentally tolerant flexible sensors and water-writing papers
Authors: Feng Enke , Li Xiaoqin , Yu Zhongquan , Yang Zhiming , Wu Zhiqiang , Zhang Mengzhen , Wang Qin , Ma Xinxian
Published: December 2023

An anti-swelling and temperature tolerant versatile gel with transparency-shifting behavior for novel “water-writing” papers and environmentally tolerant flexible sensors.
Phenothiazine and phenothiazine sulfone derivatives: AIE, HTMs for doping free fluorescent and multiple-resonance TADF OLEDs
Authors: Gavale Ramakant , Ghasemi Melika , Khan Faizal , Volyniuk Dmytro , Grazulevicius Juozas Vidas , Misra Rajneesh
Published: December 2023

Twisted organic compounds play a significant role in the development of solid-state fluorescent materials and have gained substantial attention owing to their potential applications in optoelectronic devices.
Anchoring defective metal-free catalysts on montmorillonite nanosheets for tetracycline removal: synergetic adsorption-catalysis and mechanism insights
Authors: Li Min , Liu Xudong , Xie Zhinan , Du Chunfang , Su Yiguo
Published: December 2023

The hydroxyl groups on the MMT surface induced the formation of (–CN and N defects) and N defects in the composite samples, which promoted the adsorption of TC, PMS, and O2 molecules, and the generation of reactive species, improving the TC removal efficiency.
Nitrogen-doped hierarchically porous carbons for non-alkaline Zn–air battery cathodes
Authors: Kapaev Roman R. , Shahaf Yair , Sonoo Masato , Ohayon Amit , Eisenberg David , Noked Malachi
Published: December 2023

N-doping of hierarchically porous carbons boosts ORR performance in non-alkaline Zn–air batteries.
Obstructive sleep apnoea–hypopnoea syndrome
Authors: Read Nicola , Jennings Callum , Hare Alanna
Published: December 2023

Obstructive sleep apnoea–hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common disorder characterised by repetitive episodes of the complete or partial collapse of the pharyngeal airway during sleep. This results in cessation (apnoea) or reduction (hypopnoea) of airflow, leading to oxygen desaturation and sleep fragmentation. An individual's disposition to develop OSAHS depends on the collapsibility of a segment of the upper airway. The degree of collapsibility can be quantified by the balance between occluding or extraluminal pressures of the surrounding tissues. Patients can experience snoring, unrefreshing sleep, witnessed apnoeas, waking with a choking sensation and excessive daytime sleepiness. OSAHS has a broad range of consequences, including cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurocognitive sequelae. Treatment options include lifestyle measures, in particular weight loss, and strategies to maintain upper airway patency overnight, including continuous positive airway pressure, mandibular advancement devices and positional modifiers.
The neurocognition of dreaming: key questions and foci
Authors: Horton Caroline L.
Published: December 2023

Until recently, understanding the neurobiology of dreaming has relied upon on correlating a subjective dream report with a measure of brain activity or function sampled from a different occasion. As such, most assumptions about dreaming come from the neuroscience of rapid eye-movement (REM) sleep from which many, but not all, dream reports are recalled. Core features of REM sleep (intense emotional activation, a reduction in activity in most frontal regions, particularly the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, along with increased dopamine, acetylcholine, cholinergic activation) align with typical dream characteristics (characterised by fear, reduced reality monitoring, increased bizarreness and hyperassociativity, respectively). The default mode network offers a way of understanding the nature of dreaming more independently from a REM sleep context, and electroencephalography methods paired with serial awakenings to elicit dream reports demonstrate how high-frequency activity in posterior regions may be associated with dreaming. Nevertheless, all measures of dreaming rely fundamentally on recall processes, so our understanding of dreaming must embrace and address memory's crucial involvement in dream report production.
Entscheidungsunsicherheiten bei der zweistufigen Prüfung
einer Rehabilitationsindikation im Rahmen der Pflegebegutachtung –
Ergebnisse leitfadengestützter Interviews
Authors: Richter Cynthia , Golla André , Bieber Anja , Saal Susanne , Mau Wilfried , Kimmel Andrea , Breuninger Katrin
Published: December 2023

Ziel der Studie Im Rahmen einer Pflegebegutachtung prüfen die
Medizinischen Dienste auch, ob Leistungen zur medizinischen Rehabilitation
indiziert sind. Die Studie verfolgt das Ziel, gutachterliche
Entscheidungsunsicherheiten und damit assoziierte Faktoren bei dem
standardisierten Prüfprozess zur Feststellung einer
Rehabilitationsindikation zu identifizieren.

Methodik Es wurden leitfadengestützte Interviews mit insgesamt
zwölf pflegefachlichen (PG) und sechs ärztlichen (ÄG)
Gutachter:innen aus sechs verschiedenen Medizinischen Diensten geführt.
Die Interviewleitfäden für beide Professionsgruppen
verknüpften die Methoden des Lauten Denkens und problemzentrierter
Interviews. Sie wurden im Vorfeld der Datenerhebung einem kognitiven Pretest
unterzogen. Alle Interviews wurden im Mai 2021 telefonisch realisiert, digital
aufgezeichnet und im Anschluss transkribiert. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels
qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse mithilfe der Software MAXQDA.

Ergebnisse Entscheidungsunsicherheiten können sowohl im
Zusammenhang mit bestimmten fallbezogenen Merkmalen als auch aufgrund
fallunabhängiger Kontextfaktoren entstehen. PG verknüpfen
Unsicherheiten hinsichtlich der Prüfung rehabilitativer
Indikationskriterien vor allem mit bestimmten Krankheitsbildern (v. a.
demenzielle oder psychische Erkrankungen), Multimorbidität, Unklarheiten
zur Erkrankungs- und ambulanten Versorgungssituation sowie einer ablehnenden
rehabilitationsbezogenen Haltung der begutachteten Personen. Die nach Aktenlage
entscheidenden ÄG schildern Unsicherheiten insbesondere in Verbindung
mit unzureichenden entscheidungsrelevanten Informationen (u. a. zu
Diagnostik, Erkrankungs- und Behandlungsverlauf, Gewichtung bestehender
Beeinträchtigungen) in den pflegefachlichen Gutachten.
Kriterienübergreifend beeinflussen auch eigene berufliche oder private
Rehabilitationserfahrungen der Gutachter:innen und deren Verständnis von
Rehabilitation vor und bei Pflegebedürftigkeit sowie Aspekte der
Kommunikationspraxis und des fachlichen Austausches zwischen PG und ÄG
den Entscheidungsprozess insgesamt.

Schlussfolgerung Die Identifizierung gutachterlicher
Entscheidungsunsicherheiten und damit assoziierter Faktoren ermöglicht
die Entwicklung von Strategien zur gezielten Stärkung der
gutachterlichen Entscheidungssicherheit und kann somit zur Förderung
eines bedarfsgerechten Rehabilitationszugangs über die
Pflegebegutachtung beitragen.
Partizipative Gesundheitsforschung planen, reflektieren und
evaluieren: Die Adaption und Erprobung des „Community Based
Participatory Research (CBPR) Model“ für den deutschsprachigen
Raum
Authors: Allweiss Theresa , Schaefer Ina , Krieger Theresia , Amort Frank M. , Wright Michael , Dresen Antje
Published: December 2023

Partizipative Forschungsansätze etablieren sich zunehmend sowohl im
wissenschaftlichen als auch im praxisorientierten Gesundheitsbereich. Die aktive
Beteiligung von Menschen in verschiedenen Lebenssituationen und Arbeitsbereichen
kann dabei helfen, dass Wissenschaft und Praxis voneinander lernen und sich
gegenseitig stärken. Im Austausch zu unterschiedlichen Sichtweisen,
Erfahrungen und Ideen können gesundheitsorientierte Projekte gemeinsam
und bedarfsorientiert geplant, reflektiert, durchgeführt und evaluiert
werden. Das „Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR)
Model“ wird international oft für die konzeptionelle Fundierung
und praktische Orientierung in partizipativen Prozessen genutzt. Für
eine niedrigschwellige Anwendung im deutschsprachigen Raum fehlte bislang eine
entsprechende Übersetzung. Vor diesem Hintergrund fand sich innerhalb
des Netzwerks Partizipative Gesundheitsforschung (PartNet) eine
multidisziplinär zusammengesetzte Arbeitsgruppe mit Expertise in
Forschung und Praxis zusammen, um das CBPR-Modell für den
deutschsprachigen Raum aufzubereiten und durch potentielle Anwender:innen
erproben zu lassen. Da die vier Modellkomponenten „Contexts“
„Partnership Processes“ „Intervention &
Research“ und „Outcomes“ sowie ihre
dazugehörigen Elemente und Erklärungsbeispiele teilweise
aufgrund alternativer Bedeutungszuweisungen oder unterschiedlicher
sozialstruktureller und politischer Kontexte nicht eins zu eins zu
übertragen sind, war hierfür neben einer Übersetzung
eine Adaption an den deutschsprachigen Raum nötig. Mit diesem Beitrag
wird dargelegt, wie zunächst kleinschrittig
Übersetzungsvorschläge für den deutschsprachigen Raum
diskutiert und im Sinne einer ersten Vorlage für eine Praxiserprobung
konsentiert wurden. Anschließend reflektierten verschiedene
Anwender:innen das sodann deutschsprachige Modell und erprobten es in
unterschiedlichen Projekten, um es hinsichtlich seiner Passgenauigkeit,
Verständlichkeit und Eignung zu prüfen. Parallel wurde das
Modell auf Konferenzen vorgestellt und diskutiert. Die vielfältigen
Rückmeldungen flossen in die weiteren Überarbeitungen des
Modells ein. Der Arbeitsprozess mündete in einer finalen
deutschsprachigen Fassung als „Modell für partizipative
Gesundheitsforschung (PGF-Modell)“.
Zwei-Jahres-Ergebnisse postoperativer RNFL-Entwicklung nach erfolgreicher Trabekulektomie
Authors: Bormann Caroline , Busch Catharina , Rehak Matus , Scharenberg Christian Thomas , Furashova Olga , Ziemssen Focke , Unterlauft Jan Darius
Published: December 2023

Hintergrund Die Senkung des intraokularen Druckes (IOD) gilt als Hauptziel der Glaukomtherapie, um die zunehmende Apoptose retinaler Ganglienzellen zu verhindern. Die Trabekulektomie (TE) gilt als Goldstandard der chirurgischen Glaukomtherapie. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die postoperative Entwicklung der peripapillären retinalen Nervenfaserschichtdicke (englisch: Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer; RNFL) nach TE mittels optischer Kohärenztomografie (OCT) zu untersuchen.

Material und Methoden Es erfolgte eine retrospektive Analyse von 40 OP-naiven Augen, die eine TE aufgrund eines medikamentös nicht einstellbaren primären Offenwinkelglaukoms (POWG) erhielten. Innerhalb der ersten 24 Monate nach TE wurde der IOD, die Anzahl applizierter Antiglaukomatosa, der Visus, die statisch-automatische Perimetrie (SAP) und die peripapilläre RNFL-Dicke (gemessen mittels SD-OCT) bestimmt.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 40 Augen von 40 Patienten mittels TE behandelt. Neben der Reduktion des mittleren IOD von 25,0 ± 0,9 auf 13,9 ± 0,6 mmHg (p < 0,01), sank die mittlere Anzahl applizierter Antiglaukomatosa von 3,3 ± 0,2 auf 0,5 ± 0,2 (p < 0,01) nach 2 Jahren. Der Visus und der mittlere Defekt der SAP blieben stabil; die mittlere globale RNFL-Dicke nahm von 67,8 ± 2,9 auf 63,7 ± 2,9 (p < 0,01) und 63,4 ± 2,9 µm (p < 0,01) 12 und 24 Monate nach TE ab.

Schlussfolgerung Trotz erfolgreicher postoperativer Senkung von IOD und Anzahl applizierter Antiglaukomatosa nahm die mittlere RNFL-Dicke vor allem während der ersten 12 Monate nach TE weiter statistisch signifikant ab. Die RNFL-Entwicklung nach operativer IOD-Senkung scheint sich erst mit einer gewissen Verzögerung nach TE zu stabilisieren.
Reliabilität und Prävalenz von manualmedizinischen
Untersuchungsbefunden im Säuglingsalter
Authors: Geipel Ekkehard , Loudovici-Krug Dana , Best Norman
Published: December 2023

Hintergrund Die manualmedizinische (MM) Diagnostik stellt die Grundlage
für die Auswahl der korrekten Behandlung dar. Für Patienten im
Erwachsenenalter zeigt sich für die schmerzdetektierenden Testverfahren
eine klinisch gute Reproduzierbarkeit. Jedoch fehlen bisher Untersuchungen zur
Reliabilität im Säuglingsalter. Ziel dieser Studie ist daher die
Überprüfung manueller Testverfahren bei Säuglingen.
Zusätzlich wird die Prävalenz von kindlichen
Blockierungsbefunden, insbesondere der Halswirbelsäule (HWS),
evaluiert.

Material und Methoden Es wurde zu drei Zeitpunkten das Bewegungssystem von
primär gesunden Säuglingen im Rahmen der üblichen
Vorsorgeuntersuchungen (U3-U5) in einer Kinderarztpraxis manuell untersucht. Die
Reihenfolge der Befundung durch 2 Untersucher wurde randomisiert
durchgeführt, aber immer am selben Tag. Das Protokoll enthält
etablierte und standardisierte manuelle Techniken, orientierend und gezielt, zur
Diagnose von Funktionsstörungen des Bewegungssystems.

Ergebnisse Die Interraterreliabilität der manuellen
Untersuchungsbefunde von 116 Kindern zum Zeitpunkt der U3 wurde berechnet. Es
zeigten sich ausreichend reliable Testergebnisse für die
Inspektionsuntersuchungen der Kopfhaltung (κ=0,6), der
Rumpfsymmetrie (κ=1) und der Schädelasymmetrie
(κ=0,54). Klinisch noch akzeptabel sind hinsichtlich der
Untersuchung der HWS die globale Rotation (κ=0,48) und das
Endgefühl (κ=0,46). Die gezielten Untersuchungen der
oberen HWS zeigten Kappawerte zwischen 0,25 und 0,36 (als klinisch reliabel
festgelegte Grenze: κ=0,4). Bei Zusammenfassung der
Einzeltestungen (C0/1, C1/2) in die Region
„Kopfgelenke", konnte ein κ-Wert von 0,5 erreicht und
als globales Werturteil genutzt werden. Für die
Übersichtsuntersuchung des Beckens, die gezielten Untersuchungen des
Sakroiliakalgelenks und der Hüftgelenke fanden sich nur schlecht
reproduzierbare Ergebnisse (κ<0,2). Eine komplette
Verlaufsuntersuchung war für 83 Kinder möglich. Hier zeigte sich
ein deutlicher Trend der Abnahme befundeter Funktionsstörungen der HWS.
Die Schädelasymmetrien zeigten im Verlauf keine Veränderungen
und wiesen zur U3 eine Prävalenz von 21,5% auf.

Schlussfolgerung Die Reproduzierbarkeit zu MM-Untersuchungen der
Inspektion von Kopfhaltung, Rumpf- und Schädelsymmetrie sind klinisch
ausreichend genau. Das trifft auch für die zervikalen orientierenden
Untersuchungen zu. Jedoch erst die zusammenfassende Wertung von Inspektion,
orientierenden und gezielten Untersuchungen im Säuglingsalter erbringt
eine klinische Sicherheit in der Beurteilung von Blockierungsbefunden der
HWS.
Das periokuläre Merkelzellkarzinom – eine Übersicht klinischer Aspekte und aktueller Therapieoptionen
Authors: Esser Eliane , Grünewald Inga , Mihailovic Natasa
Published: December 2023

Das Merkel-Zell-Karzinom (MCC) stellt einen seltenen, jedoch hochaggressiven und rasch expandierenden malignen Hauttumor dar. Die periokuläre Region ist in etwa 10% der Fälle betroffen. Die aktuelle Therapieempfehlung des resektablen, nicht metastasierten MCC umfasst die chirurgische Totalexzision, allerdings sind bei Diagnosestellung bereits häufig Lymphknoten- oder Fernmetastasen vorhanden. Seit der Erstzulassung einer Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Therapie mit Avelumab für das metastasierte MCC im Jahr 2016 hat sich das mittlere Überleben im Vergleich zur zytostatischen Therapie erheblich gebessert bei gleichzeitig seltenerem Auftreten schwerwiegender therapieassoziierter unerwünschter Ereignisse. Weitere Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitoren mit ersten vielversprechenden Ergebnissen sind derzeit noch in der klinischen Erprobung. Eine interdisziplinäre Betreuung an einem spezialisierten Zentrum mit Vorstellung in einem Tumorboard ist bei Patienten MCC aufgrund der komplexen Diagnostik, Therapie und Prognoseabschätzung essenziell.
Vestibularisschwannom: Faktoren bei der Therapieentscheidung
Authors: Esser Julia , Walger Martin , Pollet Naomi , Klußmann Jens Peter , Ruge Maximilian , Goldbrunner Roland , Lüers Jan Christoffer
Published: December 2023

Die Behandlung von Vestibularisschwannomen (VS) stellt Ärzte von jeher vor eine Herausforderung. Zur Verfügung stehen 3 wesentliche Behandlungsprinzipien: wait and scan, Operation und stereotaktische Radiochirurgie. Neben der Art der Behandlung ist auch über den richtigen Therapiezeitpunkt, die Kombination verschiedener Behandlungsmodalitäten, den etwaigen chirurgischen Zugang oder die Art und Intensität der Bestrahlung zu entscheiden. Einfluss auf die Therapieentscheidung haben u.a. Tumorlokalisation und -größe bzw. -stadium, das Patientenalter, Komorbiditäten, die Symptomatik, die Möglichkeiten der postoperativen Hörrehabilitation, der Wunsch des Patienten und nicht zuletzt die Erfahrung der Operateure und die personellen und technischen Möglichkeiten des klinischen Standorts.

Dieser Artikel gibt zunächst eine kurze Übersicht über VS, stellt danach die grundsätzlichen interdisziplinären Behandlungsoptionen dar und diskutiert zum Schluss die HNO-relevanten Faktoren bei der Therapieentscheidung.
“Cohesiveness of Hyaluronic Acid Fillers”: Evaluation Using Multiple Cohesion Tests
Authors: Kim Kyun Tae , Lee Won , Yang Eun-Jung
Published: December 2023

Background Hyaluronic acid fillers can be manufactured using various processes. They have multiple properties, including their concentration, degree of modification, and rheological data. Cohesion is one such property to evaluate gel integrity; however, there is no standardized method for calculating this parameter. This study aimed to evaluate different tests for calculating hyaluronic acid cohesion and discuss the importance of hyaluronic acid cohesion as a consideration when selecting fillers.

Methods The cohesion levels of five different hyaluronic acid fillers with different rheological properties were evaluated and compared using the drop weight, compression, tack, and dispersion time tests.

Results The cohesion tests yielded different results in the samples. Samples 2 and 4 showed approximately two times the number of droplets when compared with Sample 5 in drop weight test. Samples 1, 2, 3, and 4 were superior to Sample 5 in tack test. Samples 1, 2, and 3 showed cohesive appearances at 95 seconds in most cases in dispersion test. Rheological test results did not reflect the measures of cohesion.

Conclusion Although there are no definite standardized tests to evaluate the cohesion of hyaluronic acid fillers, our proposed tests showed similar results for different hyaluronic acid filler products. Further studies are needed to evaluate the cohesion of hyaluronic acid fillers and determine the clinical use of this distinguishing characteristic for clinicians selecting the product of choice.

Level of evidence statement: These data are Level IV evidence.
Pedicled Omentoplasty for Treatment of Rheumatoid Nodule Pneumothorax: A Case Report
Authors: Matsumiya Hiroki , Kuroda Koji , Hashimoto Teppei , Tanaka Fumihiro
Published: December 2023

Background No consensus exists regarding surgical intervention for rheumatoid nodule–related pneumothorax. Clinical policy decisions rely on individual clinicians' experience and are usually intractable.

Case Description A 50-year-old man with a difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis–related pneumothorax was successfully treated with pedicle omentoplasty without recurrence at approximately 2 years posttreatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient where pneumothorax did not recur due to firm adhesions despite fluctuating postoperative rheumatoid nodules, as captured by regular computed tomography imaging follow-ups.

Conclusion Pedicled omentoplasty is effective for rheumatoid nodule–related pneumothorax as it reduces pneumothorax recurrence.
Photocatalyzed C–F Bond Heteroarylation of Trifluoromethyl­arenes with Heteroarenes: Two Roles of Bu3SnI as Fluoride Ion Scavenger and Activator for Photocatalyst
Authors: Nishimoto Yoshihiro , Yasuda Makoto , Sugihara Naoki , Abe Masayuki
Published: December 2023

We report the C–F bond heteroarylation of trifluoromethylarenes with heteroarenes by using Ir(ppy)3 catalyst and Bu3SnI under visible-light irradiation. Various heteroarenes such as pyrrole, furan, and thiophene derivatives were applied to the present reaction. The present heteroarylation enables the transformation of various functionalized trifluoromethylarenes because of the mild reaction conditions. Notably, the late-stage transformation of a drug molecule, bicalutamide, was demonstrated. Mechanistic studies including a light on–off interval experiment, Stern–Volmer luminescence-quenching measurements, and DFT calculations clarified two critical roles of Bu3SnI for the successful progress of the heteroarylation. Bu3SnI functions as a fluoride ion scavenger to suppress the undesired C–F bond re-formation. Bu3SnI also acts as a single-electron source for the reduction of photoexcited Ir(ppy)3* to generate Ir(II) species to effectively reduce ArCF3.
Evaluation and Management of Traumatic Rectal Injury
Authors: Clark Nina M. , Maine Rebecca G.
Published: December 2023

Traumatic injury to the rectum is rare but associated with high morbidity and mortality. In recent years, diagnostic and treatment recommendations for these complex injuries have changed. While rare, it is critical for general surgeons to understand the basic principles of injury assessment, damage control, and definitive management of traumatic rectal injuries. This article reviews the literature regarding the evaluation and management of traumatic rectal injuries.
All employees benefit: arguments that help increase support for affirmative action in academic careers
Authors: Komlenac Nikola , Neugebauer Liora , Birke Jennifer , Hochleitner Margarethe
Published: December 2023

The goal of affirmative action programs is to establish equal opportunities for women and men. Past research has focused on one type of affirmative action, namely quotas, and found that the implementation of quotas is often met by a backlash from employees. The current study adds to the literature by investigating fairness and importance perceptions of career development programs offered only to women at Austrian universities or the Austrian Science Fund. Using the model of attitudes toward affirmative action programs the current experimental study tested whether providing participants with information about the benefits (gain-message condition) or costs (loss-message condition) of the implementation of affirmative action programs influenced participants’ perceptions of affirmative action programs. In the current online study, the 510 participants (52.5% cisgender women and 47.5% cisgender men; Mage = 29.5, SD = 9.5) from German-speaking countries in Europe gave on average higher fairness and importance ratings to career development programs offered to all employees than to such programs offered specifically to women. Men in the gain-message condition and loss-message condition gave higher fairness ratings to affirmative action programs than did men in the control condition (i.e., men who read a text that gave no justification for the implementation of affirmative action programs). Men in the gain-message condition also gave higher importance ratings to affirmative action programs than did men in the control condition. Women were not influenced in their ratings by the justification of the implementation of affirmative action programs. Nevertheless, women’s perceptions of affirmative action programs were more favorable than men’s. When implementing affirmative action programs in organizations, providing information that explains why affirmative action is needed and how all employees benefit therefrom can increase support from men who, as seen from past research, are known to be most opposed to affirmative action.
Giant four-fold magnetic anisotropy in nanotwinned NiMnGa epitaxial films
Authors: Bondarenko Pavlo V. , Kharlan Julia , Bunyaev Sergey A. , Salyuk Olga , Aseguinolaza Ivan R. , Barandiaran Jose M. , Kakazei Gleb N. , Chernenko Volodymyr , Golub Vladimir O.
Published: December 2023

A giant four-fold magnetic anisotropy (with an anisotropy field up to 4 kOe) was observed in the twinned NiMnGa epitaxial film. Its appearance is explained in terms of moderate coupling between twin variants having strong uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropies directed orthogonally when the intertwin exchange field is comparable with the anisotropy field. This finding paves the way to increase the order of magnetic anisotropy in a many-component system while keeping the value of the anisotropy field by tuning the intercomponent exchange strength and can be extended to exchange-coupled multilayers and arrays of nanoelements.
Double-sided electron energy analyzer for measurement of non-Maxwellian electron energy distributions
Authors: Na Byungkeun , Robbins Adam , Yoo Jongsoo , Ji Hantao
Published: December 2023

A double-sided electron energy analyzer is developed for studies of magnetic reconnection. It can measure electron energy distribution functions along two directions opposite to each other at the same time. Each side is composed of a floating reference grid, an energy selector grid, and a collector plate. The voltage of the selector grid is swept from −40 to 0 V with respect to the reference grid with a frequency of 1 MHz. This fast sweeping is required to resolve sub-Alfvénic changes in plasma quantities of the Magnetic Reconnection Experiment, where the typical Alfvénic time is a few microseconds. The reliability of the energy analyzer is checked in Maxwellian plasmas away from the reconnection region. In this case, the electron temperature computed from the electron energy distribution function agrees with measurements of a reference triple Langmuir probe. When it is located near the reconnection region, the temperatures of the tail electron population from both sides, facing into the electron flow and facing away from it, exceed the bulk electron temperature measured by the Langmuir probe by a factor of about 2.
Improved measurement of the light attenuation length of a high-quality linear alkylbenzene for the JUNO experiment
Authors: Yu Guojun , Zhang Jialiang , Li Shuo , Xu Zifeng , Zhang Lei , Huang Aizhong , Qi Ming
Published: December 2023

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment is the next-generation neutrino experiment that aims at exploring the neutrino mass hierarchy problem. Located 700m underground in Jiangmen, China, JUNO’s central detector is an acrylic sphere filled with 20kt of liquid scintillator with linear alkylbenzene (LAB) as solvent. To achieve the unprecedented energy resolution of σE/E⩽3%, the LAB used in JUNO is required for excellent transparency at the wavelength around 430nm. In cooperation with Jinling Petrochemical (Nanjing), the newly developed LAB shows an improved attenuation length. The resulting transparency of the LAB requires higher sensitivity in measurement. We have, therefore, upgraded the apparatus and the analysis method for higher precision. In this article, we present the upgraded apparatus and the analysis on improving the measurement error. Among the many new samples, the type NJ66 yields an attenuation length of approximately 30m. The analysis has applied statistical methods with Monte Carlo simulations. A new model is proposed to account for the deviations between data and the Beer–Lambert model. The long attenuation length of LAB observed in this study suggests feasibility to reach the goal on energy resolution required by JUNO.
First indirect drive inertial confinement fusion campaign at Laser Megajoule
Authors: Liberatore S. , Gauthier P. , Willien J. L. , Masson-Laborde P. E. , Philippe F. , Poujade O. , Alozy E. , Botrel R. , Boutoux G. , Bray J. , Caillaud T. , Chicanne C. , Chollet C. , Debayle A. , Depierreux S. , Duchastenier W. , Ferri M. , Henry O. , Hoch P. , Laffite S. , Landoas O. , Le-Deroff L. , Lefebvre E. , Legay G. , Marmajou I. , Meyer C. , Molina K. , Morice O. , Peche E. , Prunet P. , Riquier R. , Rosch R. , Tassin V. , Vaisseau X. , Villette B.
Published: December 2023

The first indirect drive Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) experiments on the Laser Megajoule facility were carried out with approximately 150 kJ of laser energy distributed on 48 beams (12 quads) arranged in two cones. The target consisted of a gold vacuum rugby-shaped hohlraum and a plastic capsule located at its center, filled with deuterium gas fuel. The arrangement of the 12 quads is such that the laser irradiation on the wall generated a three-dimensional (3D) x-ray flux around the capsule creating 3D deformations on the imploding plastic shell. This constraint forced the design of a robust target (relatively thin ablator, around 40 μm) driven by a short laser pulse (3 ns) that delivered about 1011 neutrons. Full-integrated 3D radiation hydrodynamics simulations allowed both the target definition and the data interpretation (mainly radiation temperature, x-ray images, and neutron yield). 3D calculations and experiments compare well.
Modulation of insulator metal transition of VO₂ films grown on Al2O3 (001) and TiO2 (001) substrates by the crystallization of capping Ge2Sb2Te5 layer
Authors: Ohnuki Takuto , Okimura Kunio , Nakamoto Reki , Muraoka Yuji , Sakai Joe , Kuwahara Masashi
Published: December 2023

We demonstrate modulation of insulator metal transition (IMT) of VO2 films grown on single crystalline substrates through the effect of in-plane compression with crystallization of capping chalcogenide layer on the targeted VO2 films. Chalcogenide germanium–antimony–telluride (Ge2Sb2Te5: GST), which shows large volume reduction of 6.8% with its phase change from amorphous to crystal, was deposited on VO2 films grown on Al2O3 (001) and TiO2 (001) substrates, where V–V atoms along the cR-axis in the tetragonal VO2 phase align parallel and perpendicular to the substrate surfaces, respectively. As a result, counter shifts in temperature-dependence of resistance characteristics, to lower and higher directions, were observed for VO2 films on Al2O3 (001) and TiO2 (001), consistent with the lattice modulation of VO2 films by the in-plane compression introduced by GST crystallization. The obtained results open a way to realize large resistance change of IMT under constant temperature by controlling GST phases.
Ferroelectric/antiferroelectric phase coexistence or domain structure? Transmission electron microscopy study of PbZrO3-based perovskite oxides
Authors: Han Bing , Fu Zhengqian , Hu Tengfei , Chen Xuefeng , Wang Genshui , Xu Fangfang
Published: December 2023

Antiferroelectric and ferroelectric materials are prominent non-linear dielectric materials with significant applications across various fields. To fully understand their electrical properties, it is crucial to accurately discriminate the two phases, especially in compositions with the coexistence of antiferroelectric and ferroelectric phases. In this study, we propose an easy method for differentiating domain structures from phase coexistence based on split outskirt reflections. The proposed method addresses existing limitations in the spatial phase distribution and lays the groundwork for understanding their structure–property relationships.
Terahertz molecular water laser using quantum cascade laser pumping
Authors: Juppet L. , Khabbaz A. , Lampin J. F. , Pirali O.
Published: December 2023

Molecular lasers pumped by quantum cascade laser (QCL) open new possibilities for THz generation and its numerous applications, in particular, for high resolution molecular spectroscopy. In this article, a THz water laser pumped by a mid-infrared QCL was demonstrated using the broad tunability of the pump laser. Twenty D2O laser lines were measured under a continuous wave pumping regime, in a spectral range expending from 63 to 177 cm−1 (1.9–5.3 THz), and with an output power ranging from tens to hundreds of μW. This letter contains a description of the experimental setup used to produce the THz laser radiation and a comparison of the measured output power with a molecular gain factor used to sort out the most favorable laser lines. In addition to the measured laser transitions, a complete list of laser frequencies together with their corresponding molecular gain is given in the supplementary material, for both H2O and D2O isotopologues excited in their bending and stretching vibrational states.
Effective homogeneity of Fermi–Amaldi-containing exchange–correlation functionals
Authors: Tozer David J.
Published: December 2023

Parr and Ghosh [Phys. Rev. A. 51 3564 (1995)] demonstrated that when near-exact electron densities and potentials are used, the exchange–correlation energies of first- and second-row atoms are well-described by a combination of the Fermi–Amaldi functional with a functional that is homogeneous of degree one under density scaling. Insight into this observation is provided by considering their work from the perspective of the effective homogeneity of the overall exchange–correlation functional. By considering a general form that combines the Fermi–Amaldi functional with a functional that is homogeneous of degree k, it is shown that for these atoms, the functional of Parr and Ghosh (k = 1) exhibits essentially optimal effective homogeneities on the electron-deficient side of the integer. Percentage errors in effective homogeneities are close to percentage errors in exchange–correlation energies.
Element effects in endohedral metal–metal-bonding fullerenes M2@C82 (M = Sc, Y, La, Lu)
Authors: Shui Yuan , Liu Dong , Zhao Pei , Zhao Xiang , Ehara Masahiro , Lu Xing , Akasaka Takeshi , Yang Tao
Published: December 2023

Endohedral metal–metal-bonding fullerenes have recently emerged, in which encapsulated metals form a metal–metal bond. However, the physical reasons why some metal elements prefer to form metal–metal bonds inside fullerene are still unclear. Herein, we reported first-principles calculations on electronic structures, bonding properties, dynamics, and thermodynamic stabilities of endohedral metallofullerenes M2@C82 (M = Sc, Y, La, Lu). Multiple bonding analysis approaches unambiguously reveal the existence of one two-center two-electron σ covalent metal–metal bond in M2@C82 (M = Sc, Y, Lu); however, the La–La bonding interaction in La2@C82 is weaker and could not be categorized as one metal–metal covalent bond. The energy decomposition analysis on bonding interactions between an encapsulated metal dimer and fullerene cages suggested that there exist two electron-sharing bonds between a metal dimer and fullerene cages. The reasons why La2 prefers to donate electrons to fullerene cages rather than form a standard σ covalent metal–metal bond are mainly attributed to two following facts: La2 has a lower ionization potential, while the hybridization of ns, (n − 1)d, and np atomic orbitals in La2 is higher. Ab initio molecular dynamic simulations reveal that the M–M bond length at room temperature follows the trend of Sc < Lu < Y. The statistical thermodynamics calculations at different temperatures reveal that the experimentally observed endohedral metal–metal-bonding fullerenes M2@C82 have high concentrations in the endohedral fullerene formation temperature range.
Skyrmion size and density in lattices
Authors: Mansell Rhodri , Huhtasalo Joonatan , Ameziane Maria , van Dijken Sebastiaan
Published: December 2023

The effect of changing magnetic parameters on the size and density of skyrmions in a hexagonal lattice is investigated using micromagnetic simulations. Achieving control of the skyrmion density, for instance, by applied voltages, is a route to magnetic neuromorphic computing devices. Here, we show how small changes in the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction lead to large changes in the skyrmion size and density, which occurs for parameters that do not support isolated skyrmions. The effect of a grain structure on the density of skyrmions is modeled through the introduction of a locally varying anisotropy. This shows that a higher density of skyrmions is favored for a wider distribution of magnetic anisotropy. The results provide a clear understanding of systems where the skyrmion density can be externally controlled and assist the design of functional skyrmion-based devices.
Method of mechanical exfoliation of bismuth with micro-trench structures
Authors: Yu Oulin , Allgayer Raphaela , Godin Simon , Lalande Jacob , Fossati Paolo , Hsu Chunwei , Szkopek Thomas , Gervais Guillaume
Published: December 2023

The discovery of graphene led to a burst in search for 2D materials originating from layered atomic crystals coupled by van der Waals force. While bulk bismuth crystals share this layered crystal structure, unlike other group V members of the periodic table, its interlayer bonds are stronger such that traditional mechanical cleavage and exfoliation techniques have shown to be inefficient. In this work, we present a novel mechanical cleavage method for exfoliating bismuth by utilizing the stress concentration effect induced by micro-trench SiO2 structures. As a result, the exfoliated bismuth flakes can achieve thicknesses down to the sub-10 nm range, which are analyzed by atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy.
“Facebook’s about to know, Karen”
Authors: Walz Linda , Joyce Jack B. , Flint Natalie
Published: December 2023

This paper explores the social action of sanctioning an interlocutor’s conduct in public spaces through social
media. Using membership categorisation analysis (Hester and Eglin 1997), we examine
how, in offline face-to-face disputes filmed by one party, interactants deploy the name ‘Karen’ to sanction someone and threaten
the transposition of the recording onto social media to impose accountability to the public at large. Our findings show how
sanctioning through categorising an individual as a ‘Karen’ is interactionally achieved through framing conduct as entitled or
otherwise problematic, distinguishing in-situ production of ‘Karen’ from a delivery that is perceptually
unavailable to an interlocutor. We explore how social media functions as a resource to shape the ongoing encounter by orienting to
the camera, and thus the online audience, as an external authority.
Code accommodation as a measure of inclusion for bilingual people living with dementia of the Alzheimer’s
type
Authors: Schneider Carolin , Bös Birte
Published: December 2023

This case study explores the dynamics of code choices in interactions involving bilingual people living with
dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type (DAT) and their primary care partners, focusing on two narrative interviews held in private
settings. Drawing on a combination of Communication Accommodation Theory and Conversation Analysis, it takes account of the
patterns, communicative functions and effects of code choices and code switching as practices of interactional adjustment. The
qualitative analysis sheds light on inclusive and non-inclusive interactional adjustments expressed through code choices by
individual speakers, especially focusing on code accommodation at turn boundaries. Results indicate a high language awareness in
the two speakers living with DAT and positive communicational outcomes when code accommodation is performed by the conversational
partner.