bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban Development in Russia and China: Patterns of Modernization
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorshkov Mikhail K. , LI Peilin ,   Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Taiwan, Province of China, China, Kozyreva Polina M. ,   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, Chernysh Mikhail F. ,   Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

Монография является шестой в цикле научных изданий по результатам российско-китайского сотрудничества. В книге освещаются различные процессы городской жизни: структура занятости, потребление, образование, культура, социальное обеспечение, государственное управление. Рассматривается история урбанизации в России и Китае, развитие
экологического поведения и соответствующих ценностей. Представлен анализ измененией
института семьи, возрастной структуры и социальной структуры в городах России и Китая.
В качестве аналитической базы использованы данные государственной статистики, а также
данные массовых опросов, реализованных российским и китайским научными коллективами: мониторинговые исследования Института социологии ФНИСЦ РАН, Российский
мониторинг экономического положения и здоровья населения НИУ ВШЭ (RLMS-HSE)
и Китайское социальное исследование (CSS).
Книга ориентирована на специалистов в области социологии и сравнительных международных исследований, работников государственных органов, преподавателей, аспирантов и студентов, а также всех, интересующихся этой проблематикой.
ONLINE GAMES AND COMMUNICATION BEHAVIOR OF MILLENNIAL MUSLIM TEENAGERS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF COMMUNICATION PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: Fansauri Hamzah , Faizah
Published: July 2023

The majority of young people in Kekalek now find enjoyment and intriguing things to play in online games. It is unquestionably impossible to separate this action from the consequences, particularly the negative impacts of online gaming. The goal of this qualitative research method is to examine gamers' motivations for playing games and how they relate to their social behavior. The study's findings demonstrate that gamers play for enjoyment and entertainment, particularly when there is a competitive element. The implications also indicate a detrimental effect on gamers' communication behavior, including negative or sluggish reactions, disobeying parental commands, and using inappropriate language. As a result, gamers' primary objective is to enjoy themselves, which has an effect on the way they communicate, as they frequently use poisonous language and make fun of their parents and other members of the community.
MILLENNIAL DA'WAH INNOVATION OF PEMUDA HIJRAH LOMBOK IN DIGITAL DISRUPTION ERA
Authors: Sulastri Leni , Kurniawan Andri , Maliki M. Irawan Imam
Published: July 2023

We have seen far too many variations in millennial society's conduct, both positive and negative. In actuality, the excessive media consumption culture has an effect on abnormal conduct. Not to mention the issues with bullying and fake news that abound in online communities. This study aims to provide millennial society and da'wah actors with a reference while also learning about the da'wah innovative ideas of Pemuda Hijrah Lombok. This study combines library research with qualitative methodology. The research's findings point to the innovation of Pemuda Hijrah Lombok in the digital disruption era, particularly in the form of Deep Talk, Road Show, PHL, Journey with Al-Qur'an, and other constructive activities that help develop strong moral character and religious understanding. This initiative pushes netizens to adopt more sensible digital behavior.
Climato-tectonic evolution of siliciclastic sandstones on Puerto Rico: from lithic arenites to quartz-arenitic sands in an oceanic island-arc setting
Authors: Larue David K. , Mendez Mendez Kimberly , Corchado Albelo José L. , Martinez Lauryn N. , Hughes K. Stephen , Hudgins Thomas , Santos Hernan , Smith Alan L. , Osterberg Chris
Published: July 2023

Siliciclastic sandstone composition on the island of Puerto Rico, part of the Greater Antilles, was influenced by both tectonic setting and climate. Cretaceous through Eocene volcanic and plutonic rocks on Puerto Rico formed in an oceanic-arc setting. Sandstones deposited during arc volcanism are quartz-poor lithic and feldspatholithic arenites, whose geochemistry largely matches that of the oceanic-arc volcanic and plutonic rocks on Puerto Rico. After cessation of volcanism on Puerto Rico during collision of the Greater Antilles island arc with the Bahamas Bank, an Oligocene through Holocene overlap assemblage was deposited unconformably above the arc deposits in the North Coast and South Coast basins of Puerto Rico. The overlap assemblage consists of some siliciclastic material, but largely shallow-water carbonate deposits. Siliciclastic deposition in the overlap assemblage reflects the volcanic-arc source, plus quartz derived from plutons exposed during uplift. In the Pleistocene and Holocene (and possibly earlier), poorly consolidated quartz-arenitic sands with SiO2 values from 92 to 98% were deposited in the overlap assemblage.

On geochemical tectonic-affinity diagrams, the lithic sandstones plot, as expected, in or near the fields for oceanic-arc provenance. However, the quartz-arenitic sands plot incorrectly in the passive-margin field when considering major elements, and correctly in or near the oceanic-arc field when considering trace elements. Trace elements in the quartz-arenitic sands are largely found in refractory minerals, whereas major elements in feldspars and lithic fragments are effectively removed by intense tropical weathering. Hence, future use of tectonic-affinity diagrams should rely on trace-element geochemistry.

Sandstones derived from the Sierra Nevada continental arc in California have QFL quartz fractions below 60%, even though the source magmatic arc has significant modal quartz. This observation suggests a “climate cap,” which does not “allow” formation of more quartzose sediments. In contrast, tropical weathering on Puerto Rico removes this climate cap allowing the creation of quartz-arenitic sands from a source rock containing limited quartz. It is remarkable that quartz-arenitic sands occur on Puerto Rico, sourced from a provenance area containing extremely limited quantities of modal quartz (estimated at less than 5%) in an oceanic-arc environment bounded by two active subduction zones. Quartz-arenitic sands and sandstones are not uniquely continental or of cratonal origin; chemical weathering is fundamentally important for the origin of first-cycle quartz-arenitic sands.
A model for contact and friction between beams under large deformation and sheaves
Authors: Ntarladima Konstantina , Pieber Michael , Gerstmayr Johannes
Published: July 2023

This work focuses on the modeling of contact between sheaves and flexible axially moving beams. A two-dimensional beam finite element is employed, based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) with an improved selective reduced integration for the virtual work of elastic and viscous damping forces. For the efficient modeling of contact between flexible axially moving beams and sheaves in systems such as belt-drives or reeving systems, a number of newly developed algorithms is presented. The computation of normal contact is based on a penalty formulation using a spring-damper model, while for the efficient contact detection a bounding box which fits the exact dimensions of the finite elements is employed. For the detection and computation of contact, the beam elements are divided into linear segments. The modeling of tangential contact is based on a bristle model for friction extended for being compatible with an implicit time integration. A numerical example of a belt drive showed good convergence and agreement with analytical solutions.
A novel system to provide information via online YouTube videos and an evaluation of current online information about hereditary breast cancer
Authors: Iesato Asumi , Fushimi Atsushi , Tahara Rie , Terada Mitsuo , Iwase Madoka , Kawamura Chihiro , Yamashita Nami
Published: July 2023

Background: The internet is a popular source of health information, and YouTube is a popular platform for sharing health-related content. However, the quality and accuracy of online health information are concerning. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of current hereditary breast cancer information on YouTube and compare with the content produced by the nonprofit organization, BC Tube.
Methods: Fifty-two videos, including five videos about hereditary breast cancer, were produced by BC Tube after peer-review by multiple medical professionals as well as review by non-medical personnel. A YouTube search using the Japanese keywords “hereditary breast cancer” and "HBOC" was conducted, and the top 100 videos were screened. The videos characteristics were analyzed. The content was evaluated using the PEMAT and DISCERN quality criteria.
Results: Eighty-five eligible videos were included in the analysis, and 50.6% were provided by public-interest organizations/companies, followed by hospitals/governments (21.2%), individual physicians (8.2%), breast cancer survivors (7.1%), and others (7.1%). Videos from public-interest organizations/companies showed the highest view counts, followed by BC Tube. The average video length tended to be shorter for BC Tube, individual physician, and cancer survivor videos. Public-interest organizations/companies received more like counts, followed by BC Tube.
Conclusions: Reliable, easy-to-understand, and widely recognized online medical information is needed. The popularity of videos does not always correspond to their quality, emphasizing the importance of quality evaluation. BC Tube provides a peer-reviewed platform to disseminate high-quality health information. We need to develop high-quality online health information and encourage the promotion of evidence-based information on YouTube.
Medications for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Associated with Increased Risk of Developing Glaucoma
Authors: Darwich Rami , Etminan Mahyar , He Bonnie , Eadie Brennan
Published: July 2023

Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) therapies including atomoxetine, methylphenidate, and amphetamines are some of the most prescribed medications in North America. Due to their sympathomimetic action, these drugs are contraindicated in patients with a history of angle closure glaucoma (ACG). This study aims to determine the risk of ACG and open angle glaucoma (OAG) among users of these treatments.Methods This is a retrospective cohort study with a case control analysis using the PharMetrics Plus Database (IQVIA, USA). We created a cohort of new users of atomoxetine, methylphenidate, and amphetamines and they were followed to the first diagnosis of 1) ACG or OAG; or 2) end of follow up. For each case, four age-matched controls were selected. A conditional logistic regression model was used to adjust for confounders and to calculate adjusted incidence-rate-ratios (aIRRs).Results A total of 240,257 new users of the ADHD medications were identified. The mean age was 45.0 ± 19.4 years and 55% of the cohort was female. Regular users of atomoxetine and amphetamines had a higher aIRR for developing ACG compared with non-users (aIRR = 2.55 95%CI [1.20–5.43] and 2.27 95%CI [1.42–3.63], respectively); while users of methylphenidate had a higher aIRR for developing OAG (aIRR = 1.23 95%CI [1.05–1.59]).Conclusions Use of amphetamines and atomoxetine had a higher risk for ACG, while use of methylphenidate was associated with a higher risk for OAG. Given the prevalence of ADHD medication use (medically and recreationally), our current data on their associated risk of glaucoma have profound public health implications.
A synthesis method for planetary gear trains based on new topological model and similarity
Authors: Ye Zhizheng , Huang Xuewen , Sun Liang , Wu Chuanyu , Cui Rongjiang
Published: July 2023

With the development of computer technology, intelligent innovative design of mechanical equipment has become a popular topic. The structural design is a prerequisite for the creation of mechanical equipment. Therefore, this study focuses on the structural synthesis of planetary gear trains (PGTs), and proposes a new topological model and synthesis method of PGTs to address the existing research problems. First, the structural characteristics of PGTs are analyzed to explore the relation between their axles, gears, and planet carriers, and the corresponding topological model and the adjacency matrix expression of PGTs are provided. Then, the topological elements corresponding to the axles, gears, and gear pairs are added sequentially to the topological graph corresponding to the planet carriers, and the constraints are established based on similarity to inhibit the generation of isomorphism. Finally, all the databases of feasible PGTs are obtained through gear loop discrimination. All processes are carried out with computer assistance. The synthesis results of the PGTs with 1–3 degrees of freedom and up to 10 components are presented.
The mechanism of the transient increase of blood pressure caused by GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide in diabetic patients with severely impaired kidney function.
Authors: Wajdlich Małgorzata , Nowicki Michal
Published: July 2023

Chronic treatment with GLP-1R agonists may moderately lower blood pressure due to increased natriuresis and RAAS inhibition. Short-term effect of these drugs on blood pressure may be opposite and its mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the effect of a single dose of liraglutide on diurnal blood pressure profile, natriuresis, hydration and serum concentration of renin, aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Patients and methods: 17 patients with eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 and 17 with > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 received in a random order a single subcutaneous dose 1.2 mg liraglutide and placebo with subsequent 24h blood pressure and natriuresis monitoring. Before and after each medication thoracic fluid index and plasma renin, aldosterone and ANP were also assessed. Results: The blood pressure load in the daytime and nighttime were significantly increased after liraglutide compared to placebo in patients with eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2. In patients with eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 the changes of arterial pressure were comparable, while the morning surge was significantly reduced after liraglutide compared to placebo. After liraglutide 24h urine sodium excretion increased in both groups (p = 0.003) vs. placebo, the effect was greater in eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 group (p = 0.046). Plasma ANP increased after liraglutide in both groups, significantly greater in eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 group (p = 0.012). Only in this group serum aldosterone (p = 0.013) and thoracic fluid index (p = 0.01) decreased after liraglutide compared to placebo. Plasma renin concentration remained unchanged. Conclusions: In severe chronic kidney disease liraglutide induces a transient increase of blood pressure due to reduced natriuresis. The natriuretic effect of liraglutide in DKD depends on increased ANP and decreased aldosterone secretion.
Identification of a new root rot-causing pathogen in Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and screening of phytochemicals for its control
Authors: Wei Guoyu , Wang Feng , Zhao Wei , Xu Huayang , Wang Guangming , Wang Hualei , Hu Anlong
Published: July 2023

Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is a perennial herb belonging to the Liliaceae family, with significant medicinal and dietary value. However, root rot， a server disease, has led to a decline in yield and quality of this species. In this study, a fungus was isolated from symptomatic samples of root rot and identified as Fusarium commune through molecular and morphological analyses. After re-isolation, the identification of F. commune as the causative agent of root rot was confirmed by fulfilling Koch's postulates in subsequent tests.. Biological characteristics indicated that the optimal growth conditions for F. commune were a temperature of 25℃, pH of 8, carbon source of soluble starch, nitrogen source of peptone, and a photoperiod of 24 hours. In order to reduce the use of chemical fungicides and explore natural substances to control the disease, the sensitivity of F. commune to seven phytochemicals was studied. Four phytochemicals showed apparent inhibitory activity and honokiol displaying the highest antifungal activity, having a 50% of the maximal effect concentration (EC50) of 8.2628 ± 0.27 mg/L. These findings provide a scientific basis for the control of root rot in P. cyrtonema Hua.
Fabrication of CuO derived reduced graphene oxide photocatalyst for strategic decolorization of congo red from aqueous environment
Authors: Basit Abdul , Jamali Ahmed Ali , Junjeo Fareed Ahmed , Larik Rimsha , Mahar Sheeraz Khan , Sameeu Abdul , Hyder Ali
Published: July 2023

Environmental pollution poses a significant challenge to human health, ecosystems, and the planet's sustainability. Widespread contamination of air, water, and soil from various pollutants requires effective and sustainable solutions to reduce or eliminate pollution and its impacts. In this research work, we designed novel reduced graphene oxide functionalized copper oxide (rGO-CuO) nanocomposite material through simple method. The synthesized novel rGO-CuO nanocomposite material was characterized by using various advance tools such as XRD, SEM and EDX that revealed the information about the crystalline nature, phase purity, morphological features and elemental composition. The characterized techniques confirm the successful synthesis of novel composite material. Furthermore, the synthesized material was exploited for decolorization of CR dye in aqueous environment through optimized different experimental condition such as concentration of NaBH4, sun light effect and catalytic dosage. At minimum catalyst dose of 2.4 mg in only 5 minutes the prepared catalyst exhibited 98.7% degradation of CR dye from aqueous environment. Furthermore, the exceptional reusable profile of catalyst up to 5th cycle highlights the reliability of rGO-CuO photocatalyst. The decolorization performance of rGO-CuO photocatalyst suggests that the prepared catalyst could be an effective aspirant for the degradation of other synthetic dye at commercial level.
The removal capacities of three filamentous fungi to remediate floating microplastic particles
Authors: Mutschlechner Mira , Metnitzer Hanna , Wagner Andreas Otto , Markt Rudolf , Griesbeck Christoph , Walter Andreas
Published: July 2023

Plastic pollution is known to exert significant negative impacts on the entire food web which, in turn, affects humans. Microorganisms are capable of breaking down released polymers, however full degradation of polymers in situ is long-lasting, estimated to take place within hundreds to thousands of years. On the contrary, passive removal, e.g. through surface adhesion on living biota, can remediate polluters within hours to days rather than years. In this study, the potential of three filamentous fungi namely Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus and Penicillium rubens was investigated to remediate polyamide particles of 5 µm size from a liquid environment. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed removal capacities of 59 to 67% within 24 to 72 hours. Microscopic examinations allowed to visualize that the particles were tightly attached to fungal hyphae, consequently overgrown by succeeding layers of mycelium to restrain particles within the fungal pellet. These findings reveal great potential for future mycelia-based applications such as regenerative and sustainable “biofilters” to clear flowing water.
Interactions between C-steel and blended-cement in concrete under radwaste repository conditions at 80 °C
Authors: Fabian Margit , Czompoly Otto , Tolnai Istvan , De Windt Laurent
Published: July 2023

Deep geological repository is widely considered as the preferred solution for the final disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Investigation representative of the Hungarian disposal concept was conducted using mock-up diffusion cells to study the chemical changes of S235JR carbon canister and CEM II/B PURAM concrete under anerobic and water saturated conditions at 80°C. Micro-Raman, SEM-EDX, fluid and potentiometric analysis were performed over a period of 12 months. The discussion was supported by thermodynamic and reactive transport modeling. The findings revealed that a uniform corrosion process occurred, leading to rapid passivation of the C-steel with magnetite as the primary corrosion product. Modeling demonstrated that the increase in temperature to 80°C and the chemical evolution of the concrete did not significantly affect the corrosion passivation process. Although the formation of Fe-siliceous hydrogarnets is thermodynamically possible at 80°C, it did not jeopardize magnetite passivation. Overall, the results suggest that the containers would have a long lifespan under the studied disposal conditions.
Quantification and analysis of water retention ecosystem service and its spatial autocorrelation in North west Iran
Authors: Ghabelnezam Elnaz , Alaei Nazila , Babaei Leyla , Hazbavi Zeinab , Mostafazadeh Raoof
Published: July 2023

The development of human societies has altered the landscape of the watershed through remedial activities, industrialization, and urbanization, causing significant changes in a wide range of hydrological, climatic, ecological, and socio-economic functions. This, in turn, has had significant consequences on resources and ecosystems. Therefore, in this study, the water retention index, one of the indicators of multifunctional ecosystem services, was quantified using InVEST software. For this purpose, variables including rainfall, land use, soil hydrological groups, and curve numbers related to 28 watersheds in Ardabil province were prepared and introduced to InVEST software. Then, an accuracy assessment was conducted using error coefficients, including R2, RMSE, ME, and MAE. Additionally, to analyze auto-spatial correlation and identify runoff hotspots and water retention, global Moran's index and Enslin Moran's index were employed. The results showed that the minimum water retention was observed in residential areas (26.26 m3), and the maximum amount was obtained in the forest (74.43) and grassland (74.46) uses. Moreover, Barogh, Doost Bigloo, Shamsabad, Amoghin, Gilandeh, and Yamchi watersheds were ranked first, while Akbardavod watershed was ranked 28th. Generally, the southern and western parts of the province had a higher water storage capacity compared to the northern parts. Unnatural or artificial land use areas had lower water retention. Comparing the estimated runoff results with InVEST software with observational data from hydrometric stations showed that the software's estimated runoff results were acceptable, provided that the input data was produced with great accuracy. The analysis of Moran's index and hotspots identified patterns of spatial distribution of runoff volume and water retention in most watersheds, indicating significant spatial correlation between the data. The results of this research can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of InVEST software, decision-making, and regional ecosystem management.
Material removal model for describing the plasma discharge effect in magnetic-electrolytic plasma polishing
Authors: Xiang Yuxia , Sun Huanwu , Yang Dongliang , Ji Gangqiang , Sun Liang , Duan Haidong , Wang Juan
Published: July 2023

Considering that the regulating physical mechanism of the magnetic field on electrolytic plasma is insufficient, this study introduces a plasma discharge model to demonstrate its effect on material removal in magnetic-electrolytic plasma polishing. Firstly, we establish a mathematical model to describe plasma discharge induced by electron collision. The Boltzmann kinematic equations are employed to elucidate the physical dynamics of electrons and their momentum distribution function during ionization collisions. Secondly, we derive the surface material removal equation based on the instantaneous high-temperature melting of plasma discharge and establish the corresponding boundary conditions for simulation calculations. Subsequently, we conduct electromagnetic plasma polishing experiments under varying magnetic field intensities using TA1 titanium alloy as the test material. Our simulation results demonstrate that the magnetic field enhances the spatial electric field formed by the uneven distribution of ion electrons, expediting the plasma discharge process towards the anode and generating interference currents to counterbalance the required material removal current. Experimental data is provided to validate the model, consistently revealing a positive correlation between circuit current and material removal rate. The research demonstrates the rationality and reliability of the material removal model for plasma discharge, offering a fundamental understanding of electromagnetic plasma polishing.
Allosteric control of dynamin-related protein 1-catalyzed mitochondrial fission through a conserved disordered C-terminal Short Linear Motif
Authors: Pérez-Jover Isabel , Rochon Kristy , Hu Di , Mohan Pooja Madan , Santos-Perez Isaac , Gisasola Julene Ormaetxea , Galvez Juan Manuel Martinez , Agirre Jon , Qi Xin , Mears Jason A. , Shnyrova Anna V. , Ramachandran Rajesh
Published: July 2023

The mechanochemical GTPase dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) catalyzes mitochondrial fission, but the regulatory mechanisms remain ambiguous. Here we found that a conserved, intrinsically disordered, six-residue Short Linear Motif at the extreme Drp1 C-terminus, named CT-SLiM, constitutes a critical allosteric site that controls Drp1 structure and function in vitro and in vivo. Extension of the CT-SLiM by non-native residues, or its interaction with the protein partner GIPC-1, constrains Drp1 subunit conformational dynamics, alters self-assembly properties, and limits cooperative GTP hydrolysis, leading to the fission of model membranes in vitro. In vivo, the availability of the native CT-SLiM is a requirement for productive mitochondrial fission, as both non-native extension and deletion of the CT-SLiM severely impair its progression. Thus, contrary to prevailing models, Drp1-catalyzed mitochondrial fission relies on allosteric communication mediated by the CT-SLiM, deceleration of GTPase activity, and coupled changes in subunit architecture and assembly-disassembly dynamics.
local uniqueness of the elliptic problem with critical exponent via Pohozaev identities
Authors: wang Qingfang
Published: July 2023

We consider the following elliptic equations with critical exponents:\begin{align*}-\Delta u=Q(|y|)u^{2^*-1},\;\;\; u>0\;\;\;\hbox{in } \mathbb{R}^N,\end{align*}where $2^*=\frac{2N}{N-2}$, $N\geq7, Q(|y|)$ is a positive bounded smooth function.Using the Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction method, \cite{WY} shows the equation has infinitely many bubbling solutions. In this paper, Combining the reduction method and the local Pohozaev identities, we will provethe bubbling solutions obtained in \cite{WY} are local uniqueness.
AMS Subject Classification : 35B40, 35B45, 35J40
Evaluation of the collapsible deformation of surrounding rock of loess hydraulic tunnel considering ground stress variation
Authors: She Fangtao , Xu Wanying , Liu Lele , Liu Guoping , Li Lei , Duan Changhui
Published: July 2023

Background
Uneven settlement will occur as a result of the collapsible deformation of the loess strata, and the hydraulic tunnel lining structure will also fail. In this work, laterally confined compression tests were carried out on loess and the double-line method was employed to evaluate the loess collapsibility. The deformation of the surrounding rock of a loess hydraulic tunnel under various ground stresses and its effect on the lining structure were modelled.
Results
Three stages were noted in the collapsible deformation of loess. The critical point between the former two stages corresponds to the pre-consolidation pressure of saturated loess and that between the latter two is taken as the structural yield pressure of unsaturated loess.
Conclusion
From the relationship between the collapsibility coefficient and vertical stress, the deformation of the tunnel under ground seepage primarily originates from two sources, i.e., the collapsible and compressive deformation. The latter source accounts for the deformation of loess adjacent to the lining when the seepage depth is low, while both sources are included when the bottom of the tunnel invert is infiltrated. The collapsible deformation is lower than that of the original stratum due to the stress relaxation during tunnel excavation. The tensile and compressive stresses of tunnel lining increase linearly with the seepage depth, with the maximum appear at a position of 20 m away from the midline of the collapse and non-collapse domains. The results will provide theoretical reference to the design and construction of hydraulic tunnel in collapsible loess stratum.
Federated learning-based detection and control mechanism of in-car navigation safety system
Authors: Gao Jingge , Zhang Shuqiang , Lu Wei
Published: July 2023

The advancement of in-car navigation systems has dramatically improved driving experiences. However, ensuring the safety of these systems remains a critical concern. Federated learning provides a new solution for cooperative learning between non-mutually trusted entities. Through the mode of local training and central aggregation, the local data privacy of each entity is protected while training the global model. To achieve this, a federated learning method for deep learning that preserves privacy is developed by integrating differential privacy with secure multi-party computing. In this scheme, vehicles add perturbations to the local models obtained by local training and secretly share them with multiple central servers. The scheme protects the local information uploaded by users from being stolen and prevents the adversary from malicious inference from globally shared information such as the aggregation model. Additionally, the scheme enables users dropping out and implements a variety of aggregating methods. The aforementioned system may also easily be expanded to decentralized scenarios for real-world applications devoid of a trustworthy center. The experimental findings show that, in order to protect sensitive data obtained from in-car navigation systems during learning, the suggested strategy heavily emphasizes privacy protection. Simultaneously, the high accuracy achieved through the proposed federated learning scheme significantly enhances in-car navigation safety systems' detection and control capabilities. It enables precise and reliable event detection, differentiation of abnormal situations, and reduces false alarms, improving overall safety, user trust, and system performance.
Improving the Performance of the Chaotic Nonlinear System of the Fractional-Order Brushless Direct Current Electric Motor by Using Fractional-Order Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Kaveh Amin , Vahedi Mohammad , Gandomkar Majid
Published: July 2023

Chaos is a dynamic phenomenon that occurs over time in discrete and continuous nonlinear systems for some parameters, and chaotic systems are very sensitive to initial conditions. Controlling a chaotic system means eliminating its chaotic behavior and bringing the system to its origin equilibrium point or another desirable point. Moreover, as most natural systems have fractional dynamics, there is a clear need to study fractional systems. Nowadays, Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) electric motors are widely used as actuator components in many industries. Controlling these nonlinear and multivariable systems is of great importance. Additionally, these systems are often accompanied by parameter uncertainties and external disturbances, which may lead to undesirable and even unstable system behavior. In this research, a three-state-variable chaotic model is presented, and with the help of fractional-order sliding mode control strategy, the performance of the system is improved and controlled compared to conventional sliding mode control. It can be seen that the resistance of the fractional-order BLDC system with fractional-order sliding mode control is significantly higher than that of the conventional BLDC system with conventional sliding mode control against parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. Finally, the controller's performance is evaluated using MATLAB software.
Formation mechanism of mesoporous Cu/CuSe and its application as electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation reaction
Authors: Ullah Nabi , Guziejewski Dariusz , Koszelska Kamila , Małecka Magdalena , Ranoszek-Soliwoda Katarzyna , Grobelny Jarosław , Mirceski Valentin
Published: July 2023

Single step solvothermal method is used to prepare Cu/CuSe as an electrocatalyst for methanol electro-oxidation reaction (MOR). 1,3-butan-diol is selected as a reaction medium, whose viscosity and complex formation with Cu(II) ions, dictate the catalyst morphology. The catalyst has a mesoporous structure, which is composed of nanoballs with a high purity, crystallinity, and uniform morphology. The electrocatalyst is excellent for MOR, as it delivers current density of 37.28 mA/mg at potential of 0.6 V (vs Ag/AgCl) in the electrolyte of 1 M KOH and 0.75 M methanol at a 50 mV/s scan rate under conditions of cyclic voltammetry. The catalyst also shows good stability for 3600 s with negligible charge transfer resistance and high electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) value of 0.100 mF/cm2.
Nicotine exposure and mild cognitive impairment in the elderly：A mixtures approach
Authors: 王 佳辉 , zhang jiuhong , Ren Xiaohu , Liu Peiyi , Fu Ying , Zhi Ying , Zhou Qimei , Xu Benhong , Chen Xiao , Wu Desheng , Deng Huiping , Yang Xifei , Huang Haiyan , Liu Jianjun
Published: July 2023

Background
The relationship between nicotine exposure and cognitive impairment remains controversial. Evidence for combined exposure to its metabolites is also inconclusive. The extensive exposure of metabolites represents the exposure level of nicotine to a certain extent. Therefore, it is essential to explore the comprehensive association between nicotine metabolites and mild cognitive impairment.
Methods
This cross-sectional study measured eight nicotine metabolites in the urine of older adults。 Associations between nicotine metabolites were assessed using logistic regression models. An integrated exposure model was then applied for a comprehensive assessment of metabolites, including Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), weighted quantile sum regression (WQS), and grouped weighted quantile sums (GWQS).
Results
The complete population logistic regression results indicated that CNO was negatively associated with mild cognitive impairment. In contrast, Cot and OHCotGluc showed a trend toward a positive association. Logistic regression results excluding the smoking population showed that OHCotGluc, NNO, and Cot were significantly positively associated with MCI. CNO and OHCotGluc were negatively associated with MCI. In the WQS, the total population had a positive association between combined exposure and mild cognitive impairment (OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.04–1.26). Metabolites were grouped for smoking and non-smoking populations based on the BKMR and logistic regression cues. The GWQS results showed an OR of 2.08 (95% CI:1.55,2.83) for the OHCotGluc (43.6%) dominated metabolite group and 0.78 (95% CI:0.613,0.98) for the CNO (55.92%) dominated metabolite group in the non-smoking population. An OR of 2.61 (95% CI:1.42,5.10) for the metabolite group dominated by CotGluc (35.86%) and 0.38 (95% CI:0.19,0.69) for the metabolite group dominated by NNO (47.4%) was found in the smoking population.
Significance
The association of nicotine metabolites with MCI was analyzed using combined exposure and single-factor exposure models. Provides new clues to the cognitive impact of nicotine exposure in older adults.
An extended gradient method for smooth strongly convex functions
Authors: Zhang Xuexue , Liu Sanyang , Zhao Nannan
Published: July 2023

This paper considers an extended gradient method with fixed step size applied to the centralized and decentralized strongly convex and smooth functions. Firstly, the range of step size is derived to guarantee that the function value generated by the extended gradient method converges to the optimal solution at a sublinear rate. Then, we further show that the iterate sequences converge to the optimal solution at a linear rate for the centralized and decentralized problems. Finally, we demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed extended gradient method in numerical experiments.
Factors influencing the need and willingness for presbyopic correction – A cross sectional study from south India
Authors: Khurana Dhruval , N Swathi , Rajalakshmi A.R
Published: July 2023

Background: Presbyopia is an age-related physiological phenomenon in which eye gradually losses its ability to accommodate. It is one of the leading causes of visual impairment worldwide, especially in adults above the age of 40. If uncorrected it can significantly impair patient's quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the factors which affects patient’s need and willingness to accept presbyopic correction.
Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was done in semiurban tertiary hospital from Jan 2021 to June 2022. Details of patients aged 40 and above who presented to OPD like whether their chief complaints were related to presbyopia or not, history of spectacle use, systemic diseases, medications and their decision regarding near vision correction were noted. Ophthalmic examination included refraction and ocular biometry. Factors that may have influenced complaints of presbyopia or willingness to accept presbyopic correction were analysed.
Results: Patients with chronic ailments and on chronic medication (p=0.01), higher educational qualification (p=0.031), hypermetropia (p=0.021) and shallower AC depth (p=0.028) were more likely to present with chief complaints attributable to presbyopia. Patients who had chief complains related to presbyopia, those with higher educational qualifications (p = 0.02) and skilled workers were more likely to accept near vision glasses (p = 0.02), while those with lower Hb (p = 0.01) and myopia (p = 0.01) were less likely to accept correction for presbyopia. In patients without chief complaints related to presbyopia and were not willing to accept near vision glasses. Among them, those with higher BMI (p = 0.04) and hypermetropes (p=0.05) were more willing to accept presbyopic correction.
Conclusion: Presbyopia constitutes a significant reason for patients above the age of 40 visiting eye care facility. Multiple socio-economic, systemic and ocular factors influenced both the chief complaints related to presbyopia and willingness to accept presbyopic correction.
Oral health in Behçet's disease and its association with disease severity: cross-sectional and case-control study
Authors: Khalayli Naram , Ataya Jawdat , Darwish Lama Al , Rabah Nour , Rabah Karam , Haidar Ghina , Ataya Jamal , Kudsi Maysoun
Published: July 2023

Background: Behçet's disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects various organs, including oral aphte, genital ulceration, cutaneous manifestation, ocular involvement, and positive pathergy test according to International Study Group for Behçet’s Disease criteria. This study aimed to investigate the oral health condition of patients with Behçet's disease and to assess how it correlates with the patients' gender, clinical symptoms, and severity of the disease.
Methods: A total of 92 participants, including 42 patients with Behçet's disease and 50 healthy controls, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The periodontal indices were measured and compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential risk factors for disease severity.
Results: This study assessed the periodontal health of patients with Behçet's disease and found that they had significantly higher plaque, gingival, bleeding, and probing depth scores compared to healthy controls (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that plaque accumulation was a significant risk factor for higher severity scores in Behçet's disease. Gender-specific approaches may be necessary in the management and treatment of periodontal disease in Behçet's disease patients.
Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that patients with Behçet's disease are at increased risk for periodontal disease and its associated symptoms. Specifically, plaque accumulation appears to be a significant risk factor for more severe periodontal health issues in these patients. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to be aware of this increased risk and to develop tailored treatment plans that address both the underlying Behçet's disease and the associated periodontal disease.
Phase Ib and pharmacokinetics study of alpelisib, a PIK3CA inhibitor, and capecitabine in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Lim Ah Reum , Kim Boyeon , Kim Jwa Hoon , Park Kyong Hwa , Kim Yeul Hong , Lee Soohyeon
Published: July 2023

This phase Ib study was performed to determine the safety, the maximal tolerated dose (MTD), and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of capecitabine with alpleisib in patients with advanced solid tumors. Regardless of PIK3CA mutation, patients were administered orally once daily alpelisib (200mg and 300mg) and twice daily capecitabine (850mg/m2, 1,000mg/m2, 1,250mg/m2, days 1–14) every 3 weeks. Standard “3+3” dose escalation was used to define the MTD. The effect of alpelisib on the PK of capecitabine was assessed. Patients with 6 colorectal cancer (three PIK3CA mutation) and 6 breast cancer (all PIK3CA mutation) were enrolled. The first three patients in dose level 0 (alpelisib 200mg, capecitabine 1,000 mg/m2) had no dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). In dose level 1 (alpelisib increased to 300 mg), one of six patients had DLT (grade 3 hyperglycemia). At dose level 2 (capecitabine 1,250 mg/m2), no patients had DLTs, establishing it as the MTD/RP2D. The most common AE was grade 1-3 hyperglycemia (75.0%). Antitumor activity was observed in patients with PIK3CA mutant breast cancer (3 partial response and 3 stable disease). Alpelisib was unaffected by capecitabine (Cmax and AUC0-12). This combination is generally tolerated, and shows antitumor activity in patients with PIK3CA mutant advanced cancers.
Too many? Not enough? Costs and opportunities associated with dairy replacement heifer inventory
Authors: Overton Michael W. , Eicker Steve
Published: July 2023

Replacement rate (RR), also commonly called cull rate or herd turnover, is the proportion of the adult herd that enters the herd every year, and in a steady-state herd, the number of animals exiting equals the number of animals that enter; thus, the RR is determined by replacement availability. Failing to produce an adequate number of replacements will lower replacement cost but negatively impact profitability by delaying the replacement of inferior producers. The appropriate number of heifers to pro­duce varies by herd but is dependent upon the herd’s anticipated replacement needs plus any buffer allowance. Focusing on ge­netic composition and improvement of feeding and management strategies will yield higher quality heifers with higher predicted milk production that impact cow replacement decision making. A sufficient and steady flow of replacement heifers will enable dairies to replace problem cows or soon-to-be problem cows ear­lier, thus improving not only economic performance, but also animal welfare and market values..
Nutrition and management implications of the U.S. dairy 2050 environmental stewardship goals and net zero initiative for bovine practitioners
Authors: Tricarico Juan M.
Published: July 2023

U.S. dairy collectively commits to achieve greenhouse gas neu­trality, optimize water use while maximizing recycling, and improve water quality by optimizing utilization of manure and nutrients by 2050. The farm and field strategy to achieve these goals is termed the Net Zero Initiative. Enteric methane miti­gation is a key area of focus for the 2050 Environmental Stew­ardship Goals and the Net Zero Initiative that is relevant to the dairy management and nutrition fields. Bovine practitioners have various critical roles to support the dairy value chain in making progress toward the 2050 environmental stewardship goals due to their focus on promoting cattle health, welfare and productivity. Bovine practitioners will contribute greatly to enteric methane mitigation and the evaluation of nutritional interventions to mitigate methane. Therefore, bovine practitio­ners need to better understand and articulate the environmen­tal value animal and feed management options provide in addi­tion to nutritional contributions, health status and cost savings.
The future of dairy-beef in cattle production
Authors: Jim G. Kee
Published: July 2023

Beef-on-dairy (BOD) cattle constitute a meaningful and grow­ing percentage of North American fed beef production. The transition to BOD programs by dairy producers has been fa­cilitated in part by sexed semen technologies, which may ulti­mately result in over 3.5 million BOD cattle entering the US fed beef supply on an annual basis. This class of cattle presents unique opportunities for vertical alignment of the value chain, but packer concerns remain about carcass conformation and consistency as well as liver abscess rates and precocious lacta­tion in BOD heifers. The future of BOD production will hinge on participants’ ability to efficiently distribute data and the associ­ated value up and down the BOD value chain.
Exit/succession planning
Authors: McCormick David
Published: July 2023

Planning for your exit can make a significant difference as to how and when you exit as well as what your practice may be worth. Starting early helps make sure that you end up where you want to be instead of just an exit. This article contains checklists and information to help prepare for an exit from ownership.
Various uses of pivot tables in practice including calculating ProSal salaries
Authors: Martens Alan D.
Published: July 2023

The author implemented a production pay system within his veterinary practice, Waupun Veterinary Services LLP, in which partners and senior veterinarians are compensated for 2 differ­ent activities. First, a percentage of client invoices is returned to the veterinarian who generated the invoice. Second, activities that benefit the overall health of the practice are compensated. These activities include nights, weekends and holiday on-call, in-clinic management, vacation, continuing education and student/ new hire mentoring. A pivot table within Excel® is used to sum­marize the data on a monthly basis. Other applications of Excel and pivot tables within the partnership are presented. They in­clude customized client product and services breakout per client requests, aged receivables management, and invoice develop­ment from pharmaceutical distributors to client invoices within Sage® accounting. The later invoicing requires no data entry by office staff. All the Excel applications save office labor and in­crease accuracy by eliminating manual data entry and transfer.