bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defibration mechanisms and energy consumption in the grinding zone – a lab scale equipment and method to evaluate groundwood pulping tools
Authors: Heldin Magnus , Wiklund Urban
Published: November 2019

Groundwood pulping is a process that employs large machines, making them difficult to use in research. Lab scale grinders exist, but even though they are smaller, the sizes of the grinding stones or segments make them cumbersome to exchange and tailor. This study presents a method and an apparatus for investigating the detailed mechanisms and the energy requirements behind the fibre separation process. A well-defined grinding tool was used at three different temperatures to demonstrate that the equipment can differentiate levels of energy consumption and defibration rates, confirming the well-known fact that a higher temperature facilitates defibration. It is also shown how the equipment can be used to study the influence of grinding parameters, exemplified by the effect of temperature on the way fibres are separated and the character of the produced fibres. A key feature of the equipment is the use and evaluation of small grinding surfaces, more readily designed, produced, evaluated and studied. This reduces both the cost and time necessary for testing and evaluating. At the same time, a technique to produce well defined grinding surfaces was employed, which is necessary for repeatability and robust testing, not achievable with traditional grinding stones.
Aberrant ER Stress Induced Neuronal-IFNβ Elicits White Matter Injury Due to Microglial Activation and T-Cell Infiltration after TBI
Authors: Sen Tanusree , Saha Pampa , Gupta Rajaneesh , Foley Lesley M. , Jiang Tong , Abakumova Olena S. , Hitchens T. Kevin , Sen Nilkantha
Published: November 2019

Persistent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in neurons is associated with activation of inflammatory cells and subsequent neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. We found that induction of neuronal-ER stress, which was mostly characterized by an increase in phosphorylation of a protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK) leads to release of excess interferon (IFN)β due to atypical activation of the neuronal-STING signaling pathway. IFNβ enforced activation and polarization of the primary microglial cells to inflammatory M1 phenotype with the secretion of a proinflammatory chemokine CXCL10 due to activation of STAT1 signaling. The secreted CXCL10, in turn, stimulated the T-cell infiltration by serving as the ligand and chemoattractant for CXCR3+T-helper 1 (Th1) cells. The activation of microglial cells and infiltration of Th1 cells resulted in white matter injury, characterized by impaired myelin basic protein and neurofilament NF200, the reduced thickness of corpus callosum and external capsule, and decline of mature oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Intranasal delivery of CXCL10 siRNA blocked Th1 infiltration but did not fully rescue microglial activation and white matter injury after TBI. However, impeding PERK-phosphorylation through the administration of GSK2656157 abrogated neuronal induction of IFNβ, switched microglial polarization to M2 phenotype, prevented Th1 infiltration, and increased Th2 and Treg levels. These events ultimately attenuated the white matter injury and improved anxiety and depressive-like behavior following TBI.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA recent clinical study showed that human brain trauma patients had enhanced expression of type-1 IFN; suggests that type-1 IFN signaling may potentially influence clinical outcome in TBI patients. However, it was not understood how TBI leads to an increase in IFNβ and whether induction of IFNβ has any influence on neuroinflammation, which is the primary reason for morbidity and mortality in TBI. Our study suggests that induction of PERK phosphorylation, a characteristic feature of ER stress is responsible for an increase in neuronal IFNβ, which, in turn, activates microglial cells and subsequently manifests the infiltration of T cells to induce neuroinflammation and subsequently white matter injury. Blocking PERK phosphorylation using GSK2656157 (or PERK knockdown) the whole cascade of neuroinflammation was attenuated and improved cognitive function after TBI.
Critical Dynamics and Coupling in Bursts of Cortical Rhythms Indicate Non-Homeostatic Mechanism for Sleep-Stage Transitions and Dual Role of VLPO Neurons in Both Sleep and Wake
Authors: Lombardi Fabrizio , Gómez-Extremera Manuel , Bernaola-Galván Pedro , Vetrivelan Ramalingam , Saper Clifford B. , Scammell Thomas E. , Ivanov Plamen Ch.
Published: November 2019

Origin and functions of intermittent transitions among sleep stages, including brief awakenings and arousals, constitute a challenge to the current homeostatic framework for sleep regulation, focusing on factors modulating sleep over large time scales. Here we propose that the complex micro-architecture characterizing sleep on scales of seconds and minutes results from intrinsic non-equilibrium critical dynamics. We investigate θ- and δ-wave dynamics in control rats and in rats where the sleep-promoting ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) is lesioned (male Sprague-Dawley rats). We demonstrate that bursts in θ and δ cortical rhythms exhibit complex temporal organization, with long-range correlations and robust duality of power-law (θ-bursts, active phase) and exponential-like (δ-bursts, quiescent phase) duration distributions, features typical of non-equilibrium systems self-organizing at criticality. We show that such non-equilibrium behavior relates to anti-correlated coupling between θ- and δ-bursts, persists across a range of time scales, and is independent of the dominant physiologic state; indications of a basic principle in sleep regulation. Further, we find that VLPO lesions lead to a modulation of cortical dynamics resulting in altered dynamical parameters of θ- and δ-bursts and significant reduction in θ–δ coupling. Our empirical findings and model simulations demonstrate that θ–δ coupling is essential for the emerging non-equilibrium critical dynamics observed across the sleep–wake cycle, and indicate that VLPO neurons may have dual role for both sleep and arousal/brief wake activation. The uncovered critical behavior in sleep- and wake-related cortical rhythms indicates a mechanism essential for the micro-architecture of spontaneous sleep-stage and arousal transitions within a novel, non-homeostatic paradigm of sleep regulation.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe show that the complex micro-architecture of sleep-stage/arousal transitions arises from intrinsic non-equilibrium critical dynamics, connecting the temporal organization of dominant cortical rhythms with empirical observations across scales. We link such behavior to sleep-promoting neuronal population, and demonstrate that VLPO lesion (model of insomnia) alters dynamical features of θ and δ rhythms, and leads to significant reduction in θ–δ coupling. This indicates that VLPO neurons may have dual role for both sleep and arousal/brief wake control. The reported empirical findings and modeling simulations constitute first evidences of a neurophysiological fingerprint of self-organization and criticality in sleep- and wake-related cortical rhythms; a mechanism essential for spontaneous sleep-stage and arousal transitions that lays the bases for a novel, non-homeostatic paradigm of sleep regulation.
The treatment of renal hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Almquist Martin , Isaksson Elin , Clyne Naomi
Published: November 2019

Renal hyperparathyroidism (rHPT) is a complex and challenging disorder. It develops early in the course of renal failure and is associated with increased risks of fractures, cardiovascular disease and death. It is treated medically, but when medical therapy cannot control the hyperparathyroidism, surgical parathyroidectomy is an option. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and medical treatment; we describe the effects of renal transplantation; and discuss the indications and strategies in parathyroidectomy for rHPT. Renal hyperparathyroidism develops early in renal failure, mainly as a consequence of lower levels of vitamin D, hypocalcemia, diminished excretion of phosphate and inability to activate vitamin D. Treatment consists of supplying vitamin D and reducing phosphate intake. In later stages calcimimetics might be added. RHPT refractory to medical treatment can be managed surgically with parathyroidectomy. Risks of surgery are small but not negligible. Parathyroidectomy should likely not be too radical, especially if the patient is a candidate for future renal transplantation. Subtotal or total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation are recognized surgical options. Renal transplantation improves rHPT but does not cure it.
Restenosis After Tack Implantation is Associated with Less Complex Patterns of Restenosis Compared to Stent Implantation
Authors: Kolluri Raghu , Gray William A , Armstrong Ehrin , Fowler Brian C
Published: November 2019

In-stent restenosis is complex, difficult to treat and has led to a ‘leave less metal behind’ approach to femoropopliteal intervention. Postangioplasty dissection often requires scaffolding to maintain patency. The Tack Endovascular System provides minimal-metal dissection repair that preserves future treatment options. Tack implants are designed to minimise the inflammation and neointimal hyperplasia that lead to in-stent restenosis. An independent angiographic core laboratory evaluated the restenosis patterns in clinically driven target lesion revascularisation (CD-TLR) during the 12 months following the index procedure in the Tack Optimized Balloon Angioplasty (TOBA) II study and compared these results to those published for nitinol stent implantation. Of the 213 patients in TOBA II, 31 (14.6%) required a CD-TLR. Of these, 28 had angiograms that were evaluated by the core laboratory, and 45.2%, 16.1%, and 29% were graded as Tosaka class I, II and III, respectively. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in lesion length, degree of calcification or dissection class between the three groups. Tack restenotic lesion classification and analysis show a prevalence of both class I and shorter lesions relative to in-stent restenosis, which may be beneficial to long-term patient outcomes.
Editorial
Authors: Castañeda Victor
Published: November 2019

In order to facilitate the dissemination of research papers of interest to our readers based on the importance or juncture of the topics they present, from this year on, we have decided to prepare one of our issues with a dossier. In particular, this edition of Innovar is special, insofar as it includes a dossier section with seven research works that incorporate small and medium-sized enterprises (smes) as their object of study.
Gestão da inovação em empresas de base tecnológica: um estudo de caso em empresas incubadas
Authors: Sánchez Ocampo Euler , Iacono Antonio , Leandro Franciele Regina
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar o comportamento das atividades de inovação em empresas de base tecnológica que passaram por um processo de incubação. Para tal, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória baseada em um estudo de caso múltiplo aplicado a seis empresas de base tecnológica graduadas de uma incubadora, a partir do modelo de gestão de inovação de três etapas: buscar, selecionar e implementar. A pesquisa destaca o papel que a incubadora tem no acompanhamento das atividades de gestão das Empresas de Base Tecnológica (EBTs) durante a fase de incubação e o comportamento das empresas nas atividades que fazem parte do processo de gestão da inovação. Os resultados mostram aspectos positivos e negativos das atividades do processo de gestão de inovação nas empresas estudadas. O baixo desempenho na aplicação de procedimentos para estudar as oportunidades de mercado e identificar melhorias potenciais nos produtos existentes foi evidenciado através dos índices calculados. Adicionalmente, as auditorias de projetos de inovação e os planos de investimento em pesquisa e desenvolvimento foram identificadas como as ferramentas de gestão menos padronizadas pelas EBTs. Elementos dentro das rotinas de gestão de inovação destacados como positivos foram os joint ventures para a concepção de novos produtos, a troca de know-how e a alavancagem de capacidade tecnológica. Finalmente, as EBTs mostraram um bom desempenho no índice atrelado à implementação de testes e ensaios antes do lançamento de novos produtos e/ou serviços ao mercado.
Modelo de Capacidad en Tecnologías de Información en Mipymes Colombianas
Authors: Díaz-Pinzón Beatriz Helena , Rodríguez V. María Teresa , Espinosa Moreno Juan Carlos
Published: November 2019

La capacidad en tecnologías de información (TI) se reconoce como un conjunto de recursos en TI y su sinergia, que podrán potenciar a las organizaciones en el desarrollo de sus capacidades organizacionales y en la consecución de ventajas competitivas sostenibles. Múltiples definiciones de este constructo han sido propuestas; sin embargo, las condiciones particulares de las micros, pequeñas y medianas empresas (mipymes) hacen necesario proponer y validar un mode­lo que permita evaluar la capacidad en TI  en este tipo de contextos. A partir de un análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio, sobre una muestra de 517 mipymes, se valida un modelo de capacidad en TI. El modelo resultante describe la capacidad en TI en cuatro categorías principales: capacidad de cohesión organizacional del área de TI (categoría I), capacidad estratégica en TI (categoría II), infraestructura de TI (categoría III) y capacidad de relacionamiento externo (categoría IV), siendo las categorías I y II las que tienen una influencia más significativa sobre la capacidad de TI. La categoría I está representada por el conocimiento organizacional del personal de TI y su capacidad de relacionamiento al interior de la organización. La categoría II está descrita por el conocimiento estratégico de las TI y su capacidad de planeación estratégica en TI. Este modelo es una base para la medición de la capacidad en ti de las mipymes, así como para la generación de políticas públicas.
La relación de la perspectiva de eficiencia del ciudadano con su comportamiento de uso de los servicios de e-gobierno municipal
Authors: Carrera-Mora Óscar , Ovando Catalina , Villafuerte Luis , Parada Adolfo
Published: November 2019

El objetivo de la investigación consistió en determinar la relación entre la perspectiva de eficiencia ciudadana y el comportamiento de uso del e-gobierno local por parte de la ciuda­danía, a través de un estudio empírico realizado al servicio de pago predial por Internet, bajo un estudio de caso en la localidad de Orizaba, Veracruz, México. En este se propone un modelo hipo­tético basado en el modelo de aceptación de tecnología (TAM) y la teoría unificada de aceptación y uso de tecnología (UTAUT). El instrumento empleado fue una encuesta aplicada a una muestra de 383 ciudadanos. La técnica estadística empleada para el análisis de los datos fue un análisis de regresión lineal. Los hallazgos sugieren que la perspectiva de eficiencia del ciudadano es un factor que influye en el comportamiento de uso del e-gobierno. Por lo tanto, la perspectiva de efi­ciencia ciudadana sobre los servicios públicos proporcionados vía Internet es un factor que influye en el comportamiento de uso del e-gobierno, determinando su inclusión a los medios digitales, perspectiva conformada por seis factores: confianza en la web, facilidad de uso, utilidad percibida, funcionalidad del portal, familiaridad con la tecnología y difusión del portal.
Gobierno Abierto y Transparencia en México: estudio longitudinal 2015-2018
Authors: Sandoval-Almazan Rodrigo
Published: November 2019

El gobierno abierto (GA) se ha implementado a partir de programas públicos, agendas digitales y programas; en México, lo ha hecho a través de la transparencia. Esta investigación analiza cómo se lleva a cabo la transparencia en gobiernos locales, respondiendo a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cómo ha sido la evolución de la transparencia y datos abiertos a través de los portales estatales de gobierno? Para ello, se ha hecho uso los datos del ranking de portales estatales de transparencia (RPET), de 2015-2018, con los que se hace un análisis descriptivo en las 32 entidades mexicanas. Los hallazgos indican que se han deteriorado las prácticas de transparencia limitando la participación ciudadana y los datos abiertos.
The development of phonological awareness during the First grade of elementary school in two different teaching contexts
Authors: Basso Fabiane Puntel
Published: November 2019

L’objectif de cet article est de vérifier le développement de la conscience phonologique des enfants français au long du CP dans deux contextes différents d’enseignement. L’étude a lieu dans deux écoles primaires, localisées sur la région de Grenoble- France. Au total sont 30 élèves, 15 élèves de l’école A et 15 de la B. L’épreuve de conscience phonologique (ECP) a été utilisée pour évaluer les différents niveaux de conscience phonologique en début et fin d’année scolaire. En début d’année les élèves de la classe B ont eu de meilleurs résultats dans toutes les tâches de l’ECP. En fin d’année les différences n’ont pas été significatives. Il est possible que le contexte didactique et pédagogique des deux classes a joué un rôle important dans ce résultat car l’enseignement de la classe A est celui qui renforce le plus l’entrainement de la conscience phonologique et du code phonographique.***O desenvolvimento da consciência fonológica no primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental  em dois contextos diferentes de ensino*** O objetivo deste artigo foi verificar o desenvolvimento da consciência fonológica de crianças francesas ao longo do CP (primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental) em dois contextos diferentes de ensino. O estudo foi realizado em duas escolas primárias, localizadas na região de Grenoble, na França. Participaram da pesquisa 30 alunos, 15 alunos da escola A e 15 de B. O teste de consciência fonológica (TCF) foi utilizado para avaliar os diferentes níveis de consciência fonológica no início e no final do ano letivo. No início do ano, os alunos da turma B obtiveram melhores resultados em todas as tarefas do TCF. No final do ano, as diferenças já não eram significativas. É possível que o contexto didático e pedagógico das duas classes tenha desempenhado um papel importante nesse resultado, uma  vez que o ensino da classe A foi aquele que mais enfatizou a prática da consciência fonológica e do código fonográfico. Palavras-chave: Consciência fonológica. Ensino. Aprendizagem.
Peace: Prova de Escrita para Avaliação e Análise de Competências de Escrita – contributos para o desenvolvimento da primeira versão do instrumento
Authors: Alves Dina Caetano , Carvoeiro Ana Rita
Published: November 2019

Ao contrário da linguagem oral, a escrita é uma competência aprendida, geralmente, aquando da entrada no primeiro ciclo, que vai acompanhar o aluno durante toda a sua vida escolar e social. Por este motivo e por se observarem dificuldades nas primeiras fases de aprendizagem, que podem desencadear alterações marcantes no percurso da criança, deve ser atribuída a devida importância a esta competência. O instrumento “Prova de Escrita para Avaliação e Análise da Competência de Escrita (Peace)” surge como um instrumento que pretende contribuir para a avaliação desta competência, tendo por base uma visão holística do processo de escrita. Para o desenvolvimento do instrumento proposto, os métodos de investigação utilizados são i) a revisão bibliográfica; ii) a análise temática; e iii) a peritagem por focus group. Em uma primeira fase, realizou-se um levantamento de instrumentos de avaliação de desempenhos de escrita, leitura/escrita, linguagem e fonologia, com o objetivo de compilar os critérios que estiveram na base da criação de cada uma dessas prova, em termos da sua estrutura, da seleção e apresentação dos seus estímulos, natureza das respostas elicitadas, tipo de registo e formas de cotação (quantitativa e qualitativa). Seguiu-se a elaboração da estrutura global da prova, resultando em 14 provas. Definiram-se os critérios linguísticos, ortográficos e psicomotores a considerar em cada uma das provas, selecionaram-se os estímulos para as provas de 1 a 8, e foram desenhadas as respetivas tabelas de registo e cotação. Por último, procedeu-se à peritagem do instrumento (por focus group) para avaliação dos critérios subjacentes à versãocompleta do instrumento, bem como aos contemplados nas provas 1 a 8, em termos da sua estrutura e dos seus estímulos. Para realização deste processo, os peritos tiveram acesso ao manual do instrumento, às tabelas de seleção e caracterização dos estímulos, às folhas de registo das respostas apuradas, às folhas de registo da análise efetuada e aos procedimentos de cotação (quantitativa e qualitativa). Os resultados decorrentes dessa fase do projeto incluem uma tabela-síntese com os critérios selecionados para a construção do instrumento (espelhando o seu racional), a estrutura completa do instrumento (constituída por 14 provas), as provas de 1 a 8, com os estímulos, respetivas grelhas de registo e de análise (quantitativa e qualitativa) das respostas apuradas, assim como o manual. Este estudo contribuiu para o desenvolvimento da versão preliminar do instrumento “Prova de Escrita para Avaliação e Análise da Competência de Escrita (Peace)”, prevendo-se o desenvolvimento das restantes provas (9-14) e respetivas grelhas de registo, sua peritagem e demais validações, bem como a aferição e normalização da versão final e completa do instrumento, nas fases seguintes do projeto.
O processo verbal ler e o seu processamento numa perspetiva psicolinguística
Authors: Pinto Maria Da Graça
Published: November 2019

Traduz este texto a preocupação de fazer chegar ao leitor uma abordagem aos processos verbais – ouvir, falar, ler e escrever – em que ressalte a sua complementaridade e não simplesmente a especificidade de cada um. Para o efeito, advoga-se que a sua análise radique em uma perspetiva, preferencialmente psicolinguística, que explique o que se passa no plano do processamento desses processos, com o intuito de descobrir nesse percurso, que deve ir até à sua raiz, o que realmente os caracteriza. Conquanto os quatro processos sejam todos convocados nos momentos achados oportunos, dois deles receberam uma atenção especial: ouvir e ler. Explica-se esta escolha por serem ambos próximos em muitos aspetos, sobretudo em alguns que ocultam injustamente o seu árduo labor latente, injustiça que se tentou combater ao longo do texto. Ao processo ler conferiu-se uma especial atenção à medida que a escrita a ia solicitando e não somente por força de qualquer intenção prévia. Estiveram, contudo, sempre por perto os restantes processos, porque contribuem, em graus naturalmente distintos, para a instalação e posterior desenvolvimento da leitura. O objetivo principal deste texto reside em incentivar uma problematização firmada na Psicolinguística de qualquer temática inerente ao seu campo de ação.
Granulomatous Lesion in Inserted Gum-Metastasis of Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma. Case Presentation
Authors: Villanueva Sánchez DDS,MSc,PhD Francisco Germán , Fonseca Lozada DDS David , Rojas Sánchez DDS Claudia Ivonne , Escalante Macías DDS, MSc Lilia Haidé
Published: November 2019

Worldwide, renal carcinoma constitutes 3% of all forms of cancer in the human body. Its biological behavior is variable depending on the biology of each individual; it tends to metastasize to contiguous sites such as adrenal glands, liver, lung, bone, lymph nodes, however, remote presentation in the oral cavity is less frequent, even in inserted gums. Granulomatous lesions of the periodontium include pyogenic granulomas, giant cell granulomas among others. The main objective of this clinical case is to describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of oral cavity metastases as granulomatous lesions. The case of a 60-year-old female patient with a history of renal cell papillary carcinoma in the right kidney treated by nephrectomy in 2017 is presented, in 2019 she presented metastases to the left lung and oral cavity. It is currently under treatment protocol for renal clear cell metastases.
Adolescent Moral Development in Families
Authors: Dedih Ujang
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to investigate parentsâ€™ goals and objectives in fostering the moral values to their adolescents, parentsâ€™ moral values instilled toward their teenagers, parentsâ€™ approach and methods in instilling moral values, and parentsâ€™ guidance development in nurturing moral values toward adolescent. This research used descriptive-analytic method, and qualitative-naturalistic approach. It applied observation, interview and documentation. It investigated three families with a different education background. Findings show that family with undergraduate education background is relatively very good in fostering the values of Akhlak Karimah to their teenagers. Their success was supported by clear goals and objectives, consistent and continuous delivery of materials, the use of appropriate approaches and methods, and good and harmonious family. These factors contributed to excellent moral education for their teenager.Â  Family with a high school education background applied moral education using the formulation of objectives, materials, and the arrangement of a family atmosphere but the result was less optimal because they used less precise methods and approaches. Family with a junior high school education background had not achieved a satisfactory result in moral education for their teenagers because they did not formulate well objectives, materials, methods, approaches and the arrangement of a family atmosphereÂ
â€œI Teach Character in My Classâ€: Integrating Character Education in EFL Reading Classroom at Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Muhtar Siti Nuraeni , Nurwanti Dahlya Indra , Dalimunthe R. Nadia R. P.
Published: November 2019

This article explores teacher's experiences and students' perceptions of character and values education at the university level. This is a case study of how teacher integrates character education in EFL Reading Comprehension subject at Islamic higher education context. The data from ten students and a teacher are collected through an online interview and questionnaires. The result showed the characters implied in EFL Reading Comprehension Subject are eleven characters include learning method, critical thinking, independence, creativity, courage/self-confidence, communicativeness, responsibility, honesty, religiousness, cooperation, tolerance. Those characters are positively responded by the students in their learning process in the classroom. Besides, the teacher also integrated those values in the teaching and learning process to instill students' character education.
A Collaborative Response to Provocative Comments in a Medical School
Authors: Myers Kimberly R , Khatun Rahima , Staity Ghazal , Natarajan Shreela , George Daniel R , Blackall George F
Published: November 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. In 2018, anonymous online provocative comments were submitted to student leaders of a Syrian Refugee Initiative (SRI) at the Penn State College of Medicine. This triggered a series of actions with students and medical school leaders aimed at identifying the person who submitted the comments, trying to understand mutual perspectives, and managing the impact of the event on the student body.We describe the history of our college's commitment to humanism and how the SRI was a direct outgrowth of that culture. Voices of the student leaders who were directly impacted by the provocative comments and educational leaders who worked to resolve the crisis are presented. We also describe a collaborative process that involved engaging cybersecurity experts to identify the perpetrator, and share how the students and educational leaders were able to develop trust despite initial skepticism by students over the leadership's avowed commitment to taking the hate speech seriously.While the perpetrator was never identified and opportunities for improvement were identified along the way, by including student leaders in the process, students and administrators were able to develop trust and reach reasonable closure on this disturbing event. Take home messages are presented to guide other institutions in navigating instances of provocative comments or speech.
Postharvest conservation of ‘Avalanche’ cut roses with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-beeswax natural coating
Authors: Pinsetta Junior José Sidnaldo , Mattiuz Claudia Fabrino Machado , Pereira Emmanuel Moreira , Mattiuz Ben-Hur
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The use of postharvest coatings of fruits and vegetables has been the subject of many studies for their ability to extend the shelf life of vegetables. However, little is known about the effect of coatings on postharvest of cut flowers. We evaluated the effect of different concentrations of natural coating based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and beeswax (CA) on postharvest of cut roses. White rose cultivar ‘Avalanche’ obtained from commercial production at the bud stage were used. The coating was prepared by the combination of the hydrophilic phase (HPMC) and the lipid phase (CA) suspended in water, resulting in 50g lipids / 100g emulsion. The emulsion was sprayed on the flowers in different volumes: 0 (distilled water); 1.5; 3.0 and 4.5 mL rose-1. The roses were maintained at 20 ± 1 °C and RH> 70% for 9 days for physiological analysis and 12 days for vase life. Data were collected every 3 days for accumulated of fresh mass, water absorption, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI) and vase life. The application of 3.0 mL/rose of the coating resulted in higher RWC and MSI throughout the storage time. We conclude that the use of a natural coating of HPMC/beeswax sprayed at 3.0 mL / rose increased the vase life of the ‘Avalanche’ rose by 2 days.
Clinical aspects of congenital microcephaly syndrome by Zika virus in a rehabilitation center for patients with microcephaly
Authors: Almeida Kelson James , Martins Augusto César Beserra , Almendra Isadora Costa Coelho Gayoso e , Meneses Gabriel Medina Sobreira de , Sampaio Thales Daniel de Oliveira , Campêlo José da Cruz Moura , Bor-Seng-Shu Edson
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE In this study, we intend to identify the prevalence of clinical variables in children with microcephaly. METHODS This is a cross-sectional and observational study with data collected from medical records of patients admitted to the microcephaly outpatient clinic of a referral center in Teresina-PI. Demographic (gender and age) and clinical data (presence of epilepsy, dysphagia, irritability, and associated comorbidities) were collected. The frequency of Zika virus as a probable etiology was determined from computed tomography patterns and the exclusion of other etiologies by serological tests. RESULTS A total of 67 patient records were evaluated, of which 31 were male and 36 were female, with a mean age of 1 year and 10 months. The most prevalent clinical variables were epilepsy, present in 47 children (70.2%), and irritability in 37 (55.2%). Also with a high frequency, 22 had dysphagia (32.8%), and 13 had musculoskeletal comorbidities (19.4%). Only three patients in the sample had cardiac abnormalities (4.5%), and no endocrine comorbidity was found. A total of 38 children in the sample (56.7%) presented ZIKV as a probable etiology and, in these cases, there was a higher frequency of epilepsy and dysphagia compared to other etiologies, although not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Epilepsy, irritability, dysphagia, and musculoskeletal comorbidities were the most frequent clinical variables in children with microcephaly. There was a high prevalence of congenital ZIKV microcephaly syndrome in this sample.
Multidisciplinary protocol for the management of fibromyalgia associated with imbalance. Our experience and literature review
Authors: Chiaramonte Rita , Bonfiglio Marco , Chisari Sergio
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE We reported our multidisciplinary protocol for the management of fibromyalgia associated with imbalance. Our aim was to verify the effectiveness of a proprioceptive training program as a complementary therapy for a traditional protocol of education, mindfulness, and exercise training for the management of fibromyalgia associated with imbalance. METHODS Retrospective cohort study on 84 women, with primary fibromyalgia associated to imbalance. A group of patients performed traditional exercise training; in a second group the training was supplemented with proprioception exercises. Each session lasted from 40 to 60 minutes and was performed three times a week for 12 weeks. RESULTS After three months of training and eight months after the end of the training, the balance evaluation revealed signiﬁcant differences in the comparison of the Timed Up and Go test, Berg Balance Scale, and Tinetti scale with the baseline, there was a better improvement in the proprioceptive training group (p<0.05). A reduction in pain and improvement in functional and muscular performance and quality of life were observed in both groups (p<0.05), but with no significant differences between them in the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, and Short Form Health Survey (p>0.05). Fifteen months after the end of the program, the effects of training were not maintained. CONCLUSION The present study revealed that training supplemented with proprioception exercises has beneficial effects on clinical ﬁndings and improves balance in patients with fibromyalgia, even if the positive results did not persist after the interruption of the rehabilitative program in the long term.
HIF-1α Levels in patients receiving chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Afsar Cigdem Usul , Uysal Pelin
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY AIM To examine the relationship between treatment response and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) levels in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS Eighty patients with NSCLC were included in the study and treated at Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University Medical Faculty. HIF-1 α levels were measured before and after CRT by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. RESULTS Patients’ stages were as follows; stage IIIA (65%) and stage IIIB (35%). Squamous histology was 45%, adenocarcinoma was 44%, and others were 11%. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were given concurrently to 80 patients. Forty-five (56%) patients received cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and 35 (44%) received carboplatin-based chemotherapy. Serum HIF-1α levels (42.90 ± 10.55 pg/mL) after CRT were significantly lower than the pretreatment levels (63.10 ± 10.22 pg/mL, p<0.001) in patients with locally advanced NSCLC. CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed that serum HIF-1α levels decreased after CRT. Decrease of HIF-1α levels after the initiation of CRT may be useful for predicting the efficacy of CRT.
Overview of the Brazilian odontological studies presented at a scientific meeting - SBPqO
Authors: BARBOSA Liliane Cristina , SALIBA Tânia Adas , GARBIN Cléa Adas Saliba , MOIMAZ Suzely Adas Saliba
Published: November 2019

Abstract Introduction It is important to verify the trends of Brazilian scientific production in the odontology area and the connection of study themes with the Ministry of Health's Priority Research Agenda. Objective Analyze the dental research profile of higher-education institutions presented at a Brazilian scientific event. Material and method This is a documentary analysis of the papers presented at the 35th SBPqO annual meeting, which included 3008 Brazilian studies. Also, 92 abstracts from the POAC category published between 2016 and 2018 were analyzed, verifying the subarea of public health, study type, and statistical tests employed. Result Of the 3008 works, 63.6% were from the Southeast region, 67% were conducted in public institutions, and 38.5% were supported by funding agencies (FAPESP, CAPES and CNPq). The titles analyzed using IRAMUTEQ presented predominance of themes related to dental caries epidemiology, quality of life, and chronic non-communicable diseases in children, pregnant women, women, elderly, and indigenous people. In the POAC category, the studies addressed health promotion (46%), oral health epidemiology (27%), health education (17%), and oral health care (10%). Statistical analysis was described in only 36% of the abstracts, of which 48% were from cross-sectional studies and 78% from surveys that employed association tests. Conclusion Brazilian scientific production in this filed came predominantly from the Southeast region and public institutions. There was connection between the themes and the Priority Research Agenda, and cross-sectional studies addressing health promotion predominated in POAC.
Análise Televisual Convergente: um procedimento metodológico para leitura crítica dos processos comunicativos de telejornais e programas televisivos
Authors: Becker Beatriz
Published: November 2019

Resumo A partir de um mapeamento de metodologias empregadas em estudos acadêmicos sobre telejornalismo produzidos entre 2015 e 2017 em 11 bancos de dados, este artigo sugere a relevância do olhar sobre as imagens e suas combinações com palavras na produção de sentidos. O trabalho também propõe o reconhecimento da necessidade de articular às análises textuais de telejornais e programas televisivos quatro instâncias que configuram os processos comunicativos no ambiente convergente: singularidades da ambiência, circulação, características de organizações e de práticas produtivas e interações das audiências. Nesse sentido, apresenta o esquema analítico da Análise Televisual Convergente (ATC), um procedimento metodológico possível para a leitura crítica dos textos audiovisuais nas pesquisas em comunicação e em processos de aprendizagem num momento de transformação da produção e consumo de conteúdos e formatos em áudio e vídeo decorrente da digitalização dos meios.
Expansão da radiodifusão: uma análise das 1.833 outorgas do governo Temer
Authors: Pieranti Octavio Penna
Published: November 2019

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a expansão da radiodifusão no governo de Michel Temer, a partir das 1.833 novas outorgas expedidas de maio de 2016 a dezembro de 2018. As informações sobre as novas estações foram obtidas por meio da leitura de todas as edições do Diário Oficial da União (D.O.U.) nesse período, fonte primária da pesquisa documental ora realizada. Conclui-se que houve uma ampla prevalência de (a) outorgas discricionárias e (b) destinadas principalmente a empresas privadas. Observa-se uma sub-representação de novas estações que poderiam ser consideradas integrantes dos sistemas público e estatal de radiodifusão.
Planejamento metropolitano e grandes projetos urbanos: concepção e descaminhos da política de novas centralidades na RMBH
Authors: Tonucci Filho João B. M. , Freitas Daniel Medeiros de
Published: November 2019

Resumo Nas últimas décadas, dois processos caracterizaram a política e a dinâmica urbana da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (RMBH): a retomada do planejamento metropolitano e a maior intensidade de grandes projetos urbanos (GPUs). Este trabalho investiga criticamente as relações entre um conjunto de GPUs, executados e/ou idealizados entre 2000 e 2018, e o planejamento em construção, com ênfase nos projetos para centralidades nos Vetores Norte e Sul da RMBH. Para tal, busca-se articular a análise do campo de poder dos GPUs com a análise do processo de planejamento. As conclusões evidenciam aproximações, contradições e descaminhos entre o planejamento, o Governo do Estado e o capital imobiliário, principalmente quanto à política de novas centralidades.
Políticas públicas, valorização da terra e metropolização: RMBH e o vetor industrial de expansão
Authors: Lages Sofia Santos
Published: November 2019

Resumo As especificidades da terra com relação aos demais bens configuram processos singulares de sua valorização e comercialização, em que o envolvimento dos agentes da produção do espaço é elemento estruturante na formação dos preços. O poder público, um desses agentes, apresenta papel notável, visto que possui a capacidade de controlar os possíveis usos da terra e, consequentemente, induzir atividades e empreendimentos que gerem atração do capital. Discute-se, neste artigo, a relação entre a atuação do poder público, a valorização da terra e a expansão de Belo Horizonte, desde seu plano inaugural até a metropolização, especialmente no “vetor oeste”, associado às atividades industriais desde os primórdios de sua expansão.
Propuesta de índice de dependencia económica para áreas menores. Su aplicación a la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina (2010)
Authors: Manzano Fernando Ariel , Velázquez Guillermo Angel
Published: November 2019

Resumen La medida de la carga de dependencia demográfica más utilizada es la relación de dependencia demográfica. Este índice carece de respaldo teórico, se basa en un criterio netamente biológico. El objetivo es generar un índice alternativo para estimar la carga de dependencia económica, desde una perspectiva teórica multidimensional, que se ajuste a las desigualdades espaciales, y en el plano teórico admita la existencia del vínculo difuso entre la demografía y la economía, así como también la falta de consenso existente sobre los determinantes del crecimiento económico y la creación de empleo. La aplicación del índice alternativo se construye para un nivel de desagregación correspondiente a la fracción censal, para la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires en 2010.
The multifunctionality of urban horticulture and its integration with the city ecosystem: a brief review of concepts and the case of São Luís
Authors: Gomes João Flávio B , Gomes Renata SB , Souza Alex O
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Urban agriculture is currently carried out all over the world. The activity is characterized by its multifunctionality, contributing to food security, preservation of biodiversity, better use of urban spaces, and proper management of soil and water, in addition to contributing to increasing income and improving the quality of life of farmers who live in the cities. In the 1980s and 1990s, urban agriculture gained momentum on the international scene and, from 2005, in Brazil. Some successful experiences in the world (Detroit, Havana, and St. Petersburg) and in Brazil (Teresina, Sao Paulo, and Belo Horizonte) are briefly reported here. Then, we describe in more detail the case of the city of São Luís. The municipality is situated on an island and its rural spaces have characteristics of peri-urban areas. Agricultural production has low expression in municipal GDP (Gross Development Product). The main products are papaya, cassava, beans, bananas, coconut, and passion fruit and, among the vegetables, roselle, chives, coriander, and West Indian gherkin, traditional regional species of Maranhão cuisine. The activity has two primary groups of actors: producers and intermediaries, with 83 and 41% of them, respectively, living in rural areas. Almost all producers (92%) use their area, 79% use some sustainable fertilization practice, and 69% do not use pesticides. Production areas are small and producers need technical assistance. Transport and poor road conditions are the main challenges to bring products to the markets. The reality that came out from our study indicates the lack of public support to urban farmers in São Luís. On the contrary, successful experiences of urban agriculture have in common the convergence of public policies of urban planning, agriculture and supply, education, and health. Urban agriculture is dynamic and must be integrated into the urban ecosystem to make it possible to unveiling new perspectives on the countryside-city relationship.
Combination of solarization, biofumigation and grafting techniques for the management of bacterial wilt in tomato
Authors: Zeist André R , Resende Juliano TV de , Pozzebon Bruna C , Gabriel André , Silva Alex Antônio da , Zeist Ricardo Antônio
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Considering the aforementioned information, the objective was to evaluate the influence of combining techniques of solarization, biofumigation with chicken manure and grafting on the incidence of bacterial wilt and productivity of the hybrid tomato ‘Absoluto’. Two experiments were carried out in a chapel-type greenhouse and in field, in the agricultural year 2013/2014, in a commercial farm on the municipality of Barra do Rio Azul-RS. In the two cultivation environments, treatments were arranged in randomized block experimental design, with the plots subdivided into space and treatments randomly arranged, in an area naturally infested with race 1, biovar 1, phylotype II of R. solanacearum. The treatments were soil solarization, biofumigation, biofumigation +solarization and control, and in the subplots, the commercial hybrid tomato Absoluto with and without grafting on the hybrid rootstock Guardião. Based on the incidence of bacterial wilt, the plant health index and the area under the disease progress curve were estimated. The number, production and average mass of commercial fruits were evaluated. A beneficial effect was found of soil solarization associated with the addition of chicken manure in the control of bacterial wilt and increase of productivity. Grafting was more efficient in increasing plant health index and reducing the area under the disease progress curve than solarization and biofumigation, thus indicating that the association of the three measures is beneficial to the integrated control of the disease
Genetic divergence among eggplant genotypes under high temperatures
Authors: Valadares Ricardo de N , Nóbrega Danieli A , Lima Lilian B de , Mendes Adônis Q , Silva Fabian S , Melo Roberto de A , Menezes Dimas
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic divergence among eggplant genotypes for agronomic traits in order to gather information for the selection of genotypes in eggplant breeding programs for tolerance to high temperatures. Ten traits recommended by the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources were analyzed in 24 genotypes, arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (P<0.01) and later to the UPGMA and Tocher grouping methods, using the generalized Mahalanobis distance (D2) as dissimilarity measure. Three and six groups of similarity were obtained, respectively, for the multivariate techniques used, UPGMA and Tocher, with concordance in the grouping of 87.50% of the genotypes. The characters fruit length (34.71%), fruit width (35.96%) and fruit length/width ratio (14.08%) were the main contributors to genetic divergence, explaining 90.72% of total genetic dissimilarity. The genotypes presented considerable genetic variability for all agronomic traits analyzed and can be used in eggplant genetic breeding programs for high temperatures.