bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-gas and multi-source comparisons of six land use emission datasets and AFOLU estimates in the Fifth Assessment Report
Authors: Roman-Cuesta Rosa Maria , Herold Martin , Rufino Mariana C. , Rosenstock Todd S. , Houghton Richard  A. , Rossi Simone , Butterbach-Bahl Klaus , Ogle Stephen , Poulter Benjamin , Verchot Louis , Martius Christopher
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector contributes with ca. 20–25 % of global anthropogenic emissions (2010), making it a key component of any climate change mitigation strategy. AFOLU estimates remain, however, highly uncertain, jeopardizing the mitigation effectiveness of this sector. Global comparisons of AFOLU emissions have shown divergences of up to 25 %, urging for improved understanding on the reasons behind these differences. Here we compare a diversity of AFOLU emission datasets (e.g. FAOSTAT, EDGAR, the newly developed AFOLU "Hotspots", "Houghton", "Baccini", and EPA) and estimates given in the Fifth Assessment Report, for the tropics (2000–2005), to identify plausible explanations for the differences in: i) aggregated gross AFOLU emissions, and ii) disaggregated emissions by sources, and by gases (CO2, CH4, N2O). We also aim to iii) identify countries with low agreement among AFOLU datasets, to navigate research efforts. Aggregated gross emissions were similar for all databases for the AFOLU: 8.2 (5.5–12.2), 8.4 and 8.0 Pg CO2e. yr−1 (Hotspots, FAOSTAT and EDGAR respectively), Forests: 6.0 (3.8–10), 5.9, 5.9 and 5.4 Pg CO2e. yr−1 (Hotspots, FAOSTAT, EDGAR, and Houghton), and Agricultural sectors: 1.9 (1.5–2.5), 2.0, 2.1, and 2.0 Pg CO2e. yr−1 (Hotspots, FAOSTAT, EDGAR, and EPA). However, this agreement was lost when disaggregating by sources, continents, and gases, particularly for the forest sector (fire leading the differences). Agricultural emissions were more homogeneous, especially livestock, while croplands were the most diverse. CO2 showed the largest differences among datasets. Cropland soils and enteric fermentation led the smaller N2O and CH4 differences. Disagreements are explained by differences in conceptual frameworks (e.g. carbon-only vs multi-gas assessments, definitions, land use versus land cover, etc), in methods (Tiers, scales, compliance with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines, legacies, etc) and in assumptions (e.g. carbon neutrality of certain emissions, instantaneous emissions release, etc) that call for more complete and transparent documentation for all the available datasets. Enhanced dialogue between the carbon (CO2) and the AFOLU (multi-gas) communities is needed to reduce discrepancies of land use estimates.
Extreme storms during the last 6500 years from lagoonal sedimentary archives in the Mar Menor (SE Spain)
Authors: Dezileau Laurent , Pérez-Ruzafa Angel , Blanchemanche Philippe , Degeai Jean-Philippe , Raji Otmane , Martinez Philippe , Marcos Concepcion , Von Grafenstein Ulrich
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Storms and tsunamis, which may seriously endanger human society, are amongst the most devastating marine catastrophes that can occur in coastal areas. Many such events are known and have been reported for the Mediterranean, a region where high-frequency occurrences of these extreme events coincides with some of the most densely populated coastal areas in the world. In a sediment core from the Mar Menor (SE Spain), we discovered eight coarse-grained layers which document marine incursions during periods of intense storm activity or tsunami events. Based on radiocarbon dating, these extreme events occurred around 5250, 4000, 3600, 3010, 2300, 1350, 650, and 80 years cal BP. No comparable events have been observed during the 20th and 21st centuries. The results indicate little likelihood of a tsunami origin for these coarse-grained layers, although historical tsunami events are recorded in this region. These periods of surge events seem to coincide with the coldest periods in Europe during the late Holocene, suggesting a control by a climatic mechanism for periods of increased storm activity. Spectral analyses performed on the sand percentage revealed four major periodicities of 1228 ± 327, 732 ± 80, 562 ± 58, and 319 ± 16 years. Amongst the well-known proxies that have revealed a millennial-scale climate variability during the Holocene, the ice-rafted debris (IRD) indices in the North Atlantic developed by Bond et al. (1997, 2001) present a cyclicity of 1470 ± 500 years, which matches the 1228 ± 327-year periodicity evidenced in the Mar Menor, considering the respective uncertainties in the periodicities. Thus, an in-phase storm activity in the western Mediterranean is found with the coldest periods in Europe and with the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation. However, further investigations, such as additional coring and high-resolution coastal imagery, are needed to better constrain the main cause of these multiple events.
Large-scale drivers of Caucasus climate variability in meteorological records and Mt Elbrus ice cores
Authors: Kozachek Anna , Mikhalenko Vladimir , Masson-Delmotte Valérie , Ekaykin Alexey , Ginot Patrick , Kutuzov Stanislav , Legrand Michel , Lipenkov Vladimir , Preunkert Susanne
Published: June 2016

Abstract. A 181.2 m ice core was recovered from a borehole drilled into bedrock on the western plateau of Mt. Elbrus (43°20’53.9’’ N, 42°25’36.0’’ E; 5115 m a.s.l.) in the Caucasus, Russia, in 2009 (Mikhalenko et al., 2015). Here, we report on the results of the water stable isotope composition from this ice core in comparison with results from shallow ice cores. There is a distinct seasonal cycle of the isotopic composition which allowed dating by annual layer counting. Dating has been performed for the upper 126 m of the deep core combined with shallow cores data. The whole record covers one century from 2013 back to 1914. Due to the high accumulation rate (1380 mm w.e. per year) and limited melting we obtained the isotopic composition and accumulation rate records with seasonal resolution. These values were compared with available meteorological data from 13 weather stations in the region, and also with atmosphere circulation indices, back-trajectories calculations and GNIP data in order to decipher the drivers of accumulation and ice core isotopic composition in the Caucasus region. In the summer season the isotopic composition depends on the local temperature, while in winter, the atmospheric circulation is the predominant driver of the ice core isotopic composition. The snow accumulation rate correlates well with the precipitation rate in the region all year round, this made it possible to reconstruct and expand the precipitation record at the Caucasus highlands from 1914 till 1966 when the reliable meteorological observations of precipitation at high elevation began.
Hydrological variations of the intermediate water masses of the western Mediterranean Sea during the past 20 ka inferred from neodymium isotopic composition in foraminifera and cold-water corals
Authors: Dubois-Dauphin Quentin , Montagna Paolo , Siani Giuseppe , Douville Eric , Wienberg Claudia , Hebbeln Dierk , Liu Zhifei , Kallel Nejib , Dapoigny Arnaud , Revel Marie , Pons-Branchu Edwige , Colin Christophe
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The neodymium isotopic composition (εNd) of mixed planktonic foraminifera species and scleractinian cold-water corals (CWC; Madrepora oculata, Lophelia pertusa) collected at 280–620 m water depth in the Balearic Sea, the Alboran Sea and the south Sardinian continental margin was investigated to constrain hydrological variations at intermediate depths in the western Mediterranean Sea during the last 20 ka. Planktonic (Globigerina bulloides) and benthic (Cibicidoides pachyderma) foraminifera were also analyzed for stable oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotopes. The foraminiferal and coral εNd values from the Balearic Sea and the Alboran Sea are comparable over the past ~ 13 ka, with mean values of −8.94 ± 0.26 (1σ; n = 24) and −8.91 ± 0.18 (1σ; n = 25), respectively. Before 13 ka BP, the foraminiferal εNd values are slightly lower (−9.28 ± 0.15) and tend to reflect a higher mixing between intermediate and deep waters, characterized by more unradiogenic εNd values. The slight εNd increase after 13 ka BP is associated to a marked difference in the benthic foraminiferal δ13C composition of intermediate and deeper depths, which started at ~ 16 ka BP. This suggests an earlier stratification of the water masses and a subsequent reduced contribution of unradiogenic εNd from deep waters. The CWC from the Sardinia Channel show a much larger scattering of εNd values, from −8.66 ± 0.30 to −5.99 ± 0.50, and a lower average (−7.31 ± 0.73; n = 19) compared to the CWC and foraminifera from the Alboran Sea and Balearic Sea, indicative of intermediate waters sourced from the Levantine basin. At the time of sapropel S1 deposition (10.2 to 6.4 ka), the εNd values of the Sardinian CWC become more unradiogenic (−8.38 ± 0.47; n = 3 at ~ 8.7 ka BP), suggesting a significant contribution of intermediate waters originated from the western basin. Accordingly, we propose here that western Mediterranean intermediate waters replaced the Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW), which was strongly reduced during the mid-sapropel (~ 8.7 ka BP). This observation supports a notable change of Mediterranean circulation pattern centered on sapropel S1 that needs further investigations to be confirmed.
Headwater sediment dynamics in a debris flow catchment constrained by high-resolution topographic surveys
Authors: Loye Alexandre , Jaboyedoff Michel , Theule Joshua Isaac , Liébault Frédéric
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Debris flows have been recognized to be linked to the amounts of material temporarily stored in torrent channels. Hence, sediment supply and storage changes from low-order channels of the Manival catchment, a small tributary valley with an active torrent system located exclusively in sedimentary rocks of the Chartreuse Massif (French Alps), were surveyed periodically for 16 months using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) to study the coupling between sediment dynamics and torrent responses in terms of debris flow events, which occurred twice during the monitoring period. Sediment transfer in the main torrent was monitored with cross-section surveys. Sediment budgets were generated seasonally using sequential TLS data differencing and morphological extrapolations. Debris production depends strongly on rockfall occurring during the winter–early spring season, following a power law distribution for volumes of rockfall events above 0.1 m3, while hillslope sediment reworking dominates debris recharge in spring and autumn, which shows effective hillslope–channel coupling. The occurrence of both debris flow events that occurred during the monitoring was linked to recharge from previous debris pulses coming from the hillside and from bedload transfer. Headwater debris sources display an ambiguous behaviour in sediment transfer: low geomorphic activity occurred in the production zone, despite rainstorms inducing debris flows in the torrent; still, a general reactivation of sediment transport in headwater channels was observed in autumn without new debris supply, suggesting that the stored debris was not exhausted. The seasonal cycle of sediment yield seems to depend not only on debris supply and runoff (flow capacity) but also on geomorphic conditions that destabilize remnant debris stocks. This study shows that monitoring the changes within a torrent's in-channel storage and its debris supply can improve knowledge on recharge thresholds leading to debris flow.
Editorial Note
Authors: Heipke C.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. This editorial note regards the formally withdrawn article "SHAPELEARNER: TOWARDS SHAPE-BASED VISUAL KNOWLEDGE HARVESTING".
Beyond Fracking: How Robinson Township Alters Pennsylvania Municipal Zoning Rights
Authors: Hagen-Frederiksen Christian C.
Published: June 2016

N/A
The Role of Judges in the Performance of Italian Courts
Authors: Lorizio Marilene , Stramaglia Annamaria
Published: June 2016

The paper analyses the contribution judges make to the supply of justice in Italian district courts. A Multilevel Growth Model (MGM) was applied to the analysis. The results show several differences in productivity in Italian district courts, which may be linked to (i) differences in the contribution of judges (ii) poor rational organization of resources and/or (iii) a limited use of case management techniques. 
The Extent to Which the First Three Grades Teachers Use Problem Solving Approach in Teaching Sciences and the Effective Factors in it at Jerash District in Jordan
Authors: Alebous Tahani , Ayasra Ahmad Hassan
Published: June 2016

The study aimed to investigate the extent to which the first three grades teachers use problem
solving approach in teaching science and the effective factors in it at Jerash district in Jordan.
The sample of the study which was selected randomly consisted of 98 teachers (35 males, 63
females) out of 500 male and female teachers of the first three grades at Jerash District in
Jordan was chosen. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Results revealed apparent
differences between the means of the number of the teachers’ use of the content of the first
part’s items of the questionnaire as item 14 “ during teaching science, I keen to clarify the
scientific concepts to the students” got the highest mean with (4.77). So, this result showed
the teachers’ inability to implement the problem solving approach in teaching sciences where
items (1, 5, 6, 7, 11, 26, 28, and 29) revealed that the student did not participate in the
activities of problem solving approach. Moreover, the school’s environment did encourage
the use of problem solving approach in addition to teachers’ lack of mastering the problem
solving approach.
The Art of Cheating in the 21st Millennium: Innovative Mechanisms and Insidious Ploys in Academic Deceit
Authors: Lipson Steven Mark , Karthikeyan Laina
Published: June 2016

 

Cheating is rampant throughout academia, with no hard evidence suggesting that such
pedagogic deceit will wane. Cheating is most insidious on the college level, where such
academic deceit has evolved from perhaps its basic pattern of merely peeking at another
student’s examination, to planned deceit employing sophisticated subterfuges and interplay
between two or more co-conspirators. Importantly, cheating per se may not necessarily be
student initiated, but fostered by college/university staff for purposes of institutional or
personal financial gain. Statistical studies (e.g., demographics) in complement with
sociological and psychological factors associated with cheating have been previously
described. This review does not attempt to embellish the plethora of earlier reviews or
research on the subject, but stands unique in that specific case reports and recent findings are
presented describing techniques or mechanisms used in the performance of academic deceit
to by-pass university codes of ethics. The purpose of this work is to acquaint adjunct staff,
tenure track, and perhaps senior faculty in the biological sciences and other disciplines to
those mechanistic approaches used by students and college staff as well, in the commission of
academic fraud. Suggestions are proposed to help detect and reduce academic deceit.

          
Educating Pre-service Teachers in Technology Use: A Study of Provision at Lebanese Universities
Authors: Chaaban Youmen , Moloney Robyn
Published: June 2016

In order to better prepare pre-service teachers to teach with technology, the purpose of this
qualitative study was to investigate the current practices and barriers in technology
preparation at seven Lebanese education programs. The study used in-depth interviews,
document analysis and examination of artifacts to investigate the conditions met, strategies
adopted, approaches integrated and content goals pursued within the broader context of a
representative sample of Lebanese universities. The participants were seven university
lecturers who were responsible for pre-service teachers’ educational technology preparation.
Findings revealed inconsistent technology integration across the programs. A number of
factors hindered a systematic implementation of technology integration, including insufficient
training, combined strategies, technology access, shared vision, mastery and vicarious
experiences, faculty development, focus on content area or grade level, and ongoing
assessment. The paper outlines the implications for teacher preparation programs and offers
suggestions for the better preparation of pre-service teachers.
The Experience of International Student Using Social Media during Classes
Authors: Alfarhoud Yousef T. , Alahmad Badr , Alqahtani Latifah , Alhassan Abdulaziz
Published: June 2016

The purpose of the study is to explore the use of social media by international students during
classes and discern the pros and cons of their use of social media. An explanatory sequential
mixed methods design is used to give evidence about the research problem starting with a
quantitative method (questionnaire) and then a qualitative method (semi-structured
interviews). The study shows that 64.4% of international students used social media during
classes while 35.6% did not. In terms level of satisfaction, the study result shows that males
and females were not significant different in this regard. Additionally, most of the participants
57.4% used social media for 1-10 minutes, while 27.7% used them for 11 to 30 minutes of
class time. Some international students used social media for coping with the weakness of
their knowledge during class time, whereas the majority of them indicated that they used
social media for surviving the transition of relocating form their own countries to United
State as sojourners by stating that they used social media to stay connected with and informed
about their family, friends, and country news and events. The use of social media during
classes should be integrated with the learning environment, especially regarding the
motivation of use, which can potentially provide success in overcoming most reasons for
frustration and home sickness.
Investigating High School Students’ Attitudes Towards, Beliefs about and Behaviors Associated with Water and Energy Saving
Authors: Cimen Osman , Yılmaz Mehmet , Çolak Merve
Published: June 2016

Schools play a critical role in raising awareness in students of the importance of water conservation and environmental protection. Based on this premise, the current study aims to investigate high school students’ attitudes towards, beliefs about and behaviors associated with water and energy saving. The research was designed as survey model and involved a study group consisting of 102 high school students who attended schools in Ankara, Turkey during the 2014 Spring Semester. The Water and Energy Saving Attitude, Belief, and Behavior Scale, which was developed by this study’s researchers, was used as the data collection tool. The data obtained were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation, using the SPSS 20 software package. Results from the research showed that high school students’ beliefs about water and energy saving significantly differed according to gender, grade level, the presence of an environmentally aware family member and concern levels toward the environment, and that the students’ attitudes significantly differed in terms of the presence of an environmentally aware family member and concern level towards the environment. No significant relationship was found, however, between the high school students’ behaviors and attitudes towards water and energy saving and between their behaviors and beliefs, while a mid-level significant relationship was determined between high school students’ beliefs and attitudes.
Emirati General Education Pre-service Teachers’ Preparedness for Diversity in Inclusive Classrooms
Authors: Saqr Sumaya , Tennant Lilly Jacqueline
Published: June 2016

Today’s general education classrooms continue to become increasingly diverse. Educational
diversity and the high expectations for all learners have a profound impact on pre-service
teacher preparation. This paper explores Emirati general education pre-service teachers’
perception of preparedness to effectively instruct diverse learners including those with
exceptionalities. Individual and focus group interviews and student teaching internship
portfolios were used to examine Emirati pre-service teachers’ beliefs about their roles and
responsibilities in the diverse classrooms of today. Findings shed light on the impact of
teacher preparation on their perceived readiness, willingness, and abilities to meet the wide
range of learner needs through inclusive practices. Moreover, several areas presented
challenges to the pre-service teachers during their teaching practice. The study also identified
issues with current teacher preparation practices, program coordination or collaboration
efforts, and practicum experience necessary for pre-service teachers. Based on the findings,
recommendations for reassessing the content and structure of higher education teacher
preparation programs are discussed.
The Application of Daniel Golman Scale for Emotional Intelligence and its Relationship with Achievement and Quality of life among Al Yarmouk University Students
Authors: Olimat Mohammad
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate Emotional Intelligence and its relationship with
achievement and quality of life among Al Yarmouk university students. The sample of the
study consisted of (300) students enrolling in the university during the first semester in the
academic year 2014/2015. The researcher used the quality of life scale and the emotional
intelligence scale of Daniel Golman; the researcher modified the items of Daniel Golman
scale for emotional intelligence to suit the Jordanian environment. The study results showed
that there were statistically significant correlation between the emotional intelligence, and
quality of life and academic achievement, the study results also showed that there were
statistically significant correlation between the quality of life and academic achievement.
Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the
high academic achievement and low academic achievement groups in emotional intelligence
in favor of the high academic achievement and there were statistically significant differences
between the scores means of the high academic achievement and low academic achievement
in quality of life in favor of the high academic achievement groups.
Bridging Pragmatic Gap in Translation Process through Developing Pragmatic Awareness
Authors: Rafieyan Vahid
Published: June 2016

In order for the translator to be able to translate the source text into the target language in a relevant way, the strata of the translated text through which relevance can be obtained (pragmatic, pragmatic-semantic, and semantic strata) should be equalized to that of the source text (Li & Luo, 2004). The translator can achieve this by raising his/her awareness of the source and target language pragmatic perspectives. To investigate the actual effect of developing knowledge of pragmatic perspectives of the source language and the target language on the quality of translation of culture-bound texts, the current study was conducted on 64 Iranian undergraduate students of English translation. The study consisted of three phases: 1) administering a culture-bound text to be translated by all participants, 2) dividing participants into two groups: one merely receiving translation exercises while the other receiving metapragmatic discussions of the pragmatic perspectives of the source language along with translation exercises, and 3) assessing the translation quality of both groups immediately and two months following the treatment. The study revealed the significant positive effect of pragmatic instruction on improving the quality of translation of culture-bound texts and maintaining the obtained knowledge. The pedagogical implications of the findings suggested incorporating the pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic perspectives of the source language and their distinctions with the pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic perspectives of the target language into translation classes as an integral part of translation classes.
Discovering Factors of Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety and Coping Strategies
Authors: Rafieyan Vahid
Published: June 2016

Feeling of anxiety is commonly expressed by foreign language learners in learning to speak a foreign language. This feeling is considered to have a negative impact on communication in the target language. This study has attempted to investigate the most influential factors in creating this type of anxiety as well as the most commonly used strategies to cope with it. In this respect, a qualitative research methodology, based on interviews and reflective journals, was used to investigate the issue. A total of 10 female freshman undergraduate students of English education in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia participated in the study. The findings suggested that assessing language learners’ speaking performance was the most anxiety provoking factor and creating a fun environment was the most commonly used strategy to cope with anxiety. The pedagogical implications of these findings suggested the significant role of teachers in creating and/or reducing foreign language speaking anxiety in language learners.
Pathway Interventions and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Case of Mary Anne
Authors: Moss Donald
Published: June 2016

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex and typically chronic illness, producing a wide variety of symptoms and an unpredictable course. SLE is an autoimmune condition, commonly affecting the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, and other organs. This article describes the application of a multilevel integrative care plan, following the pathways model, to assist a patient with SLE in managing and moderating symptoms and improving quality of life. The patient, Mary Anne, was a 33-year-old female nurse with a 14-year history of SLE. Her initial response to lupus was biomedical, with a passive reliance on a wide range of medications and an increasingly inactive, sedentary lifestyle. Along with lupus she developed obesity, hypertension, migraine, sleep disturbance, depression, and anxiety. Her rheumatologist referred her for behavioral health interventions to help her to learn nonpharmacologic forms of pain management and motivate her for illness self-management for her various chronic conditions. The interventions were organized into the three levels of the pathways model and included Level 1, movement, sleep hygiene, and mindful eating; Level 2, aquatherapy, an illness self-management support group, and a mindfulness class; and Level 3, heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback, self-hypnosis training with healing imagery, a nutrition consultation, and a sleep medicine clinic. This patient mastered excellent skills with self-hypnosis, paced breathing, and HRV biofeedback. She sustained increased physical activity and a modified diet. At the 3-year point, she reported less frequent pain and joint swelling, less nausea and sick feeling, moderate improvement in sleep, and less frequent and less severe Lupus flares.
Infra-Low-Frequency Neurofeedback for Optimum Performance
Authors: Othmer Siegfried , Othmer Sue
Published: June 2016

A method of nonprescriptive neurofeedback is described that is based on the brain interacting with its own tonic slow cortical potential. In the absence of any explicit guidance by the clinician, the training depends entirely on the brain's response to the unfolding signal. When this training is performed under optimal conditions in terms of placement and target frequency, there is a bias toward optimal functioning. The brain uses the information for its own benefit. The outcomes of the training are either comparable to or exceed expectations based on conventional electroencelphalogram band-based neurofeedback. Results are shown for a cognitive skills test for an unselected clinical population.
Two (Un)Related Spheres?: Understanding Administrative and Critical Research in Health Communication
Authors: Walter Nathan
Published: June 2016

This article analyzes the ongoing dialogue between administrative research and critical studies in health communication, focusing on contrasts and points of tangency. Following Lazarsfeld's work, we conclude with a proposition to adopt an integrative approach to the study of health, balancing between administrative tools and critical concerns.
O gênero Anredera (Basellaceae) no estado do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Nunes Maurício Gonçalves , Engel Mathias Erich
Published: June 2016

O gênero Anredera (Basellaceae) no estado do Paraná, Brasil 
Florística e Fitossociologia de um trecho Floresta Ombrófila Densa das Terras Baixas em Pontal do Paraná, Paraná – Brasil
Authors: Almeida André Ricardo Grani de , Bonaldi Rodolfo de Almeida
Published: June 2016

Florística e Fitossociologia de um trecho Floresta Ombrófila Densa das Terras Baixas em Pontal do Paraná, Paraná – Brasil
Flora das microrregiões Quirinópolis e Sudoeste Goiano, com potencial econômico (Goiás, Brasil)
Authors: Souza e outros Luzia Francisca de
Published: June 2016

Flora das microrregiões Quirinópolis e Sudoeste Goiano, com potencial econômico (Goiás, Brasil) 
Tityus paraguayensis (Scorpiones: Buthidae) em copas de Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) no Pantanal de Mato Grosso (Brasil)
Authors: Yamazaki e outros Lúcia
Published: June 2016

Tityus paraguayensis (Scorpiones: Buthidae) em copas de Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) no Pantanal de Mato Grosso (Brasil)
AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICÁCIA IN VITRO DE CARRAPATICIDAS COMERCIAIS
Authors: Pedrassani Daniela , Reisdorfer Samuel
Published: June 2016

O carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus é a espécie de maior distribuição geográfica e importância econômica para o Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina pois é considerado causa de grandes prejuízos na criação de bovinos. O controle químico ainda é a forma mais eficaz de combate a este ectoparasita, mas devido ao uso indiscriminado desses acaricidas, sem a devida orientação, existem muitos casos de resistência a certos princípios ativos, o que produz custos e prejuízos ainda maiores devido a ineficácia dos tratamentos. Esse estudo avaliou a eficiência dos principais carrapaticidas comercializados no município de Canoinhas (SC), por meio de avaliação in vitro da suscetibilidade de teleóginas de R. (B.) microplus a essas bases químicas, em duas propriedades rurais (uma destinada a bovinocultura de leite e outra a bovinocultura de corte). Pelo teste de imersão de teleóginas, foi verificado que na propriedade de gado de corte as associações cipermetrina+diclorvós e cipermetrina+clorpirifós+citronela respectivamente, demonstraram eficácia dose dependente, sendo que na dose indicada pelo fabricante e o dobro desta obtiveram eficácias superiores a 95%. O produto a base de cipermetrina, no dobro da dosagem comercial, apresentou eficácia de 34% demonstrando a ineficiência deste nas cepas da propriedade leiteira.
DIGESTIBILIDADE DA MATERIA SECA E PARÂMETROS DA FERMENTAÇÃO IN VITRO DE PLANTAS FORRAGEIRAS
Authors: Geron Luiz Juliano Valério , Ribeiro Matheus Gonçalves , Aguiar Silvia Cristina , Pierangeli Maria Aparecida Pereira , Silva Ana Paula da , Silveira Roberto
Published: June 2016

Objetivou-se avaliar a digestibilidade da matéria seca (MS) e os parâmetros da fermentação in vitro de plantas forrageiras in natura e ensiladas no período da seca por meio da técnica de 24 horas de incubação. As plantas forrageiras avaliadas foram Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu; Brachiaria humidicola; Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça; Panicum maximum cv. Massai; silagem de milho (Zea mays); silagem de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench); cana -de- açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L) picada in natura. Foi utilizado um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado (DIC), sendo consideradas como repetições de campo três baterias para a determinação da DIV da MS das forrageiras. A análise estatística das variáveis estudadas foi interpretada por meio de análise de variância e quando observada diferença aplicou-se o teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Não houve (P>0,05) diferença significativa dentro dos gêneros das diferentes espécies forrageiras ou nos volumosos suplementares (silagem). Os valores da digestibilidade in vitro (DIV) da MS para os capins do gênero Brachiaria foram de 48,40% para o capim-marandu e 51,21% para capim-humidícola. Para o gênero Panicum os valores da DIV da MS foram de 46,70% e 40,49%, respectivamente, para o capim-mombaça e massai. Para os volumosos ensilados (silagem de milho e silagem de sorgo) e a capineira (cana-de-açúcar) observaram-se os valores de 63,22%, 54,00% e 59,76% da DIV da MS, respectivamente. Não houve (P>0,05) alteração nos valores de pH e na concentração do nitrogênio amoniacal durantes a fermentação in vitro das plantas forrageiras. Assim, conclui-se, que o valor da DIV da MS e os parâmetros da fermentação in vitro se mantem similar para os capins do mesmo gênero e forrageiras ensiladas no período da seca.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE STAPHYLOCOCCUS COAGULASE POSITIVA NO PROCESSO DE ELABORAÇÃO DE “SASHIMIS” E TESTE DE SENSIBILIDADE DAS CEPAS ISOLADAS A ANTIMICROBIANOS
Authors: Malavota Licia Cristina , Oliveira Luiz Antonio Trindade , Oliveira Valéria Moura , Castello Branco Thiago Ribeiro , Lordão Angela Conceição
Published: June 2016

Visando a garantia da qualidade e segurança dos alimentos, que são primordiais para quem produz, comercializa, consome, como também para as autoridades de saúde pública, este estudo teve como finalidade isolar e identificar Staphylococcus coagulase positiva em “sashimis” comercializados em restaurantes “self service” do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, e realizar o teste de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos das cepas isoladas. A pesquisa se justifica devido à possibilidade de ocorrência de doenças de origem alimentar, sendo, a ingestão de pescado contaminado, uma de suas causas. A presença de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva foi pesquisada em 96 amostras de alimentos: matéria-prima, produto final antes da exposição ao consumo e produto final depois da exposição ao consumo em “buffet” a 10ºC; e de superfícies de contato direto com o produto: mão do manipulador, lâmina da faca de corte e placa de corte e de apoio do alimento. As amostras foram assim escolhidas para identificar a origem da contaminação, caso existente. As contagens de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva variaram de 0 a 5,04 log10 UFC /g amostra, tendo sido isoladas em 26% das amostras, sendo 3,1% dessas, com valores acima do permitido pela legislação. Quando as cepas isoladas foram testadas frente aos antimicrobianos, observou-se resistência variando entre 46,7% e 100%. Foi possível concluir que o “sashimi” comercializado em restaurantes no Rio de Janeiro pode oferecer risco ao consumidor, por albergar microrganismos causadores de doenças e resistentes a antimicrobianos. É necessário, portanto, monitorar todas as etapas de elaboração do produto desde a aquisição da matéria-prima até a obtenção do produto final, garantindo sua inocuidade.
PERFIL BACTERIANO DE CULTURAS DE LEITE NA REGIÃO SUDOESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Karach Giovanna Mazur , Ferrari Marcos Vinícius , Longhi Elaine , Liston Marcos Agenor
Published: June 2016

Para a produção do nobre alimento leite com qualidade a sanidade do rebanho, principalmente do úbere dos animais é de extrema importância. Dessa forma a mastite, inflamação da glândula mamária é a doença mais cara na produção leiteira, e o maior prejuízo gerado por ela é a diminuição do volume produzido, na maioria das vezes invisível. O diagnóstico microbiológico é considerado a prova de ouro na descoberta do perfil microbiológico da localidade ou propriedade e fundamental na elaboração de um programa de controle e prevenção dessa enfermidade. O presente estudo foi baseado na tabulação de resultados de isolamentos microbiológicos e teve por principal objetivo informar o perfil microbiológico da região. As amostras, sem histórico clínico, eram provenientes de propriedades do sudoeste do Paraná, colhidas por veterinários ou produtores e encaminhadas ao laboratório com objetivo diagnóstico. Totalizaram 138 amostras entre o período de setembro de 2013 a setembro de 2014. Nos resultados observou-se um grande percentual de amostras negativas (19%) e contaminadas (17%), os quais mostram a importância de uma colheita e armazenamento corretos para um resultado satisfatório. Quanto ao perfil, os gêneros mais isolados foram o Streptococcus spp. (19%), Staphylococcus spp. (16%) e Nocardia spp. (8%) e as bactérias causadoras das mastites contagiosas foram mais representativas com 56%, enquanto as causadoras das mastites ambientais foram 44% do total de amostras com isolamento. Essas informações devem auxiliar os profissionais em decisões estratégicas de melhoria nas propriedades leiteiras, visto que anteriormente não havia nenhum trabalho como esse na importante bacia leiteira do sudoeste do estado.
PERCEPÇÃO DE USUÁRIOS DE ESPAÇOS PÚBLICOS DE CURITIBA, PARANÁ, SOBRE A PRESENÇA DE POMBOS (Columba livia)
Authors: Martins Camila Marinelli , Biondo Alexander Welker , Braga Karina Francini , Oliveira Simone Tostes
Published: June 2016

Os pombos (Columba livia) no ambiente urbano são um problema de saúde pública devido aos agravos causados por eles. Este estudo avaliou a percepção das pessoas nas praças do centro de Curitiba, Paraná, em relação à presença de pombos. Foram entrevistados estudantes e servidores universitários, moradores, comerciantes e transeuntes com um questionário semi-estruturado em 2012. Os entrevistados foram contra a presença dos pombos (533/887, 60,1%, p<0,01) e a proporção de mulheres contra foi maior do que a proporção de homens (p=0,04). A maioria dos entrevistados considerou a quantidade de pombos exagerada (617/887, 69,6%, p=0,04) e 272/617 (44,1%) atribuíram como causa a disponibilidade de alimento. 825/887 (93%) afirmaram que pombos podem transmitir doenças. As principais afecções citadas foram doenças respiratórias (127/360, 35,3%) e doenças causadas por piolhos ou pulgas (82/360, 22,8%), o principal problema relatado foi a sujeira (116/202, 57,4%) e a ação mais aprovada para controle populacional foi a educação da população (617/887, 69,6%) por meio da televisão (273/887, 30,8%). O estudo mostrou que pessoas que convivem com pombos nos centros urbanos não concordam com a presença dos mesmos e que as medidas para controlá-los são com as pessoas e não diretamente nos animais.
LISINA DIGESTÍVEL PARA MARRÃS NO TERÇO FINAL DA GESTAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Júnior Edison Torres da , Soares Rita Da Trindade Ribeiro Nobre , Molino Juliano Pelição , Oliveira Rodrigo Fortunato de , Bonaparte Talita Pinheiro , Silva Luis Fernando Antonio da
Published: June 2016

Objetivou-se verificar com esse trabalho se o aumento do nível de lisina digestível na dieta de marrãs, fornecidas a partir do 75º dia de gestação até o parto influencia o desempenho reprodutivo das matrizes, especialmente sobre o peso dos leitões e a uniformidade do lote e avaliar a condição corporal das fêmeas para a segunda cobertura. Foram utilizadas 6 marrãs da linhagem Fertilis 20 (Genetiporc), alojadas em baias individuais de alvenaria, sem acesso a piquetes, com pé-direito de 2,5m, com telhado em duas águas e telha de barro tipo francesa. As matrizes receberam o mesmo tratamento até 75º dia de gestação. Os animais foram distribuídos em delineamento experimental de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com dois tratamentos: 0,63 e 0,78% de lisina digestível na ração, com três repetições. As rações experimentais foram elaboradas com milho e farelo de soja como ingredientes principais e foram formuladas para atender as exigências nutricionais de marrãs, exceto lisina. As matrizes receberam alimentação “ad libitum” até a fase gestacional na qual se iniciou o experimento. No período experimental, o arraçoamento foi realizado duas vezes ao dia (de manhã e a tarde), totalizando aproximadamente 3,4 kg. As rações, sobras e os animais foram pesados para determinação do ganho de peso médio diário (GPD), do consumo médio de ração diário (CRD). As matrizes foram pesadas após a confirmação de gestação (21 dias após a cobertura), aos 75 dias de gestação, no parto e na desmama dos leitões. Os leitões foram pesados ao nascer e à desmama, realizada aos 21 dias de idade, para determinação do desempenho da leitegada. Foi avaliada a perda de peso da porca durante o período de lactação. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância. Não foi detectado efeito (p>0,05) da elevação do nível de lisina digestível da ração de 0,62 para 0,78% sobre nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados. O aumento do nível de lisina digestível não influenciou o desempenho reprodutivo das marrãs ou da leitegada.
Molecular Characterization of a Catalase Gene (VsCat) from Vicia sativa
Authors: Abu-Romman Saeid
Published: June 2016

In plants, catalases are encoded by a multigene family and are predominantly localized in the peroxisomes and glyoxysomes for scavenging H2O2. A full-length cDNA encoding Catalase (VsCat) was isolated from Vicia sativa using RT-PCR. The cDNA consisted of 1485 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 494 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 57.03 kDa and an estimated pI of 6.56. The predicted protein was highly homologues to other catalases from legume plants and contained typical catalytic active site, calmodulin binding domain, and internal peroxisomal targeting signal. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that VsCat is evolutionary close to faba bean and pea Cat1. The expression patterns of VsCat under different abiotic stresses and exogenous phytohormones were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Compared to control plants, VsCat was differentially up-regulated in response to abiotic stresses and phytohormones. The expression analysis suggested that VsCat is involved in different abiotic stress responses. In future experiment, transgenic plants overexpressing VsCat might be a good choice to increase tolerance of forage plants to environmental stresses.
Estimation of Smooth Functions via Convex Programs
Authors: Lim Eunji , Attallah Mina
Published: June 2016

One of the numerically preferred methods for fitting a function to noisy data when the underlying function is known to be smooth is to minimize the roughness of the fit while placing a limit on the sum of squared errors. We show that the fit can be formulated as a solution to a convex program. Since convex programs can be solved by various methods with guaranteed convergence, our formulation enables one to use these methods to compute the fit numerically. Numerical results show that our formulation is successfully applied to the problem of sensitivity estimation of option prices as functions of the underlying stock price.
A Survey of Stakeholder Visualization Approaches
Authors: Cenek Martin , Částek Ondřej
Published: June 2016

The aim of this paper is to present an overview of studies for the representation/visualization of stakeholders with a proposal of our own method of visualization. The following text examines the existing representational methods and at the same time critically evaluates their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, our own proposed approach is also presented.The need to develop visualization methods for use in the concept of stakeholders has been accepted by researchers, and it is possible to encounter number of various alternatives which have been applied more or less successfully. The shared weakness of the majority of the models is that they only represent two main attributes simultaneously. When such models do contain three variables, then the third one is only a complementary aspect of the relationship compared to the two dominant attributes.Our proposed visualisation model based on three Mitchell´s (1997) stakeholder attributes should overcome the before mentioned disadvantage. Also, it takes into account the development over time in accordance with the dynamic of the relationships with the stakeholders. Therefore, the proposed three-dimensional model meets these needs and simultaneously removes the shortcomings of the other models, which are identified in our overview presented in this paper.
The elimination of selected barriers in the decision making process
Authors: Mazalová Ivana , Richter Jiří
Published: June 2016

The article presents the partial conclusions of the research Solving Unstructured Decision-Making Problems in the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. The research was conducted in the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic in the form of a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews. The respondents were employees of the ministry working at all managerial levels. The subject of research was the issue of effective problem-solving in the Ministry of Defence. The aim of this article is to identify the key barriers to effective decision- making and to propose general principles to eliminate these barriers.
Hierarchy of Eustress and Distress: Rasch Calibration of the Valencia Eustress-Distress Appraisal Scale
Authors: Kozusznik Malgorzata , Peiró José María , Lloret Susana , Rodriguez Isabel
Published: June 2016

The purpose of the study was to uncover the hierarchy of eustress and distress appraisal and calibrate the Valencia Eustress Distress Appraisal Scale (VEDAS, Rodríguez, Kozusznik, & Peiró, 2013) using the Rasch Analysis (RA). A cross-sectional study was conducted on sample of 603 Spanish social service professionals. The VEDAS included four subscales addressing work demands that can be appraised as sources of eustress and distress. RA was carried out for eustress and distress appraisal scales. A graduation of stressful situations appraised as distress and/or as eustress was revealed. One of the greatest sources of distress and one of the lesser sources of eustress was “switching off at home”. Situations involving personal accountability were considered both most severe sources of distress and the most important source of eustress. Work-life interactions involving other persons outside work were considered least severe sources of distress and least important sources of eustress. The results empirically support previous theoretical considerations of the coexistence of eustress and distress appraisals of the same demands applying advances in measurement. Implications of the calibration of stress appraisal for theory and organizational practice as well as the benefits of applying RA in occupational psychology research are discussed.
CROSS-CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS
Authors: Povolná Renata
Published: June 2016

Writing an abstract in English, including an abstract for a conference presentation, has become an essential skill for all scholars who intend to present their research to an international academic audience. Now that English has become the dominant language of all academic and research communication, scholars from diff erent language and cultural backgrounds have to master the writing of this research-progress genre (Swales 1990) since otherwise they may risk being refused participation at conferences and publication of their research fi ndings in conference proceedings. The paper analyses the rhetorical structure of 80 conference abstracts with the aim of ascertaining whether there is any cross-cultural variation between abstracts written by Anglophone writers and non-native speakers of English. The latter are represented by researchers from the Czech Republic and some other countries where Slavonic languages are spoken, namely Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine. In addition, the rhetorical organization of the conference abstracts analysed is compared to that usually associated with research article (RA) abstracts. The fi ndings of this corpus-based genre analysis reveal cross-cultural diff erences in the rhetorical organization of conference abstracts (CAs) and provide evidence that CAs and RA abstracts diff er with regard to both number and types of moves. The study also provides recommendations for future conference calls and novice writers who intend to publish in English as an additional language.