bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of maternal postural changes on the occipitoposterior position of the fetal head
Authors: Domínguez-Mejías María , Falcón-Carvajal Laura
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The main dystocia due to fetal position abnormalities is the occipital posterior (OP) position, which in turn is considered the most common malposition at the time of delivery. Although the incidence of deliveries in OPP is low, the complications that accompany it have led to the consideration of a series of methods that attempt to favor the rotation of the fetal head and thus improve maternal-fetal outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the hands-knees and lateral decubitus positions towards the side of the fetal dorsum on the rate of rotation of the fetal head from an occipital posterior position to an occipital anterior (OA) position. Methodology: A bibliographic search has been carried out in different databases such as: Pubmed, Cochrane and Scielo. Results: Numerous studies have been carried out to find out which is the most indicated maternal position to rotate posterior fetal positions, demonstrating the effectiveness of the modified Sims position. For the quadruped position, statistically significant results have been obtained for the specific variable of persistent low back pain, notably reducing it during the first stage of labor. Conclusions: Postural changes have been found to be beneficial in favoring the rotation of the fetal head and descent through the birth canal; they are also simple and inexpensive techniques that help to favor the fit of the fetal head.
The efficacy of static magnetic therapy as an adjunct to chiropractic manipulation for the treatment of mechanical low back pain
Authors:   , Terry Lynette Vanessa
Published: February 2022

Waddell (2000) describes low back pain as a 20th century medical disaster as, despite the efforts, skills and resources available today, the management of simple backache has not reduced the rate of chronic back pain and disability. Foster (1989: 9) indicates that as many as 60-80% of the general population experience LBP during adult life, with between 12-35% suffering from it at anyone time. Waddell (2000: 301) states that while 90% of acute or recurrent attacks settle within 6 weeks, 60% of people have at least one re-occurrence within the next year. Swenson (1998: 108) estimates that mechanical disorders of the spine represent at least 98% of LBP cause. Waddell (2000: 305) believes the aim of primary management is to provide symptomatic control of pain and prevention of disability. A large number of therapeutic options may be considered to provide symptomatic relief however, there is no good, scientific evidence that these options produce lasting benefits or that they change the natural history of back pain. He believes that symptomatic measures are only valuable if they facilitate active exercise and rehabilitation. Waddell (2000: 303) states that there is considerable evidence that manipulation can provide short-term symptomatic benefit in patients with acute back pain without nerve root pain of less than 1 month's duration. Manipulation may be equally effective in dealing with recurrent attacks, however there is limited evidence for the effectiveness of manipulation in patients with chronic LBP and nerve root pain. With the rising popularity of magnetic field diagnostic techniques such as MR! (magnetic resonance imaging), magnets and electrical devices are beginning to gain mainstream medical.
The acceptance of westernised health care into the ulwaluko (traditional circumcision) custom by amaXhosa in a rural Eastern Cape village
Authors:   , Ntsaba Mohlomi Jafta
Published: February 2022

The Ulwaluko (traditional circumcision) custom among the AmaXhosa is a traditional rite of passage. Traditionally all young men are required to undergo the custom. Its modern manifestation, however, has become problematic, because there is an increase in the morbidity and mortality which is associated with gangrenous and septic complications of the wound. Therefore an intervention was needed to reduce the problems. A westernised health care project was developed and implemented but some communities have not accepted it. Therefore there was a need to understand how it came to be accepted in one village in order to adapt it and promote its acceptance by other communities. The purpose of this study is to explain the acceptance of westernised health care into the traditional circumcision and give nurses a better understanding of how to give culturally sensitive care. A qualitative research design was used, specifically Ethnography, since this is the tradition for studying the meaning, patterns, and experiences of a defined cultural group (Polit and Hungier, 1997). ABSTRACT The researcher conducted separate in-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews with the two key informants from the community and three focus groups. A total of 18 AmaXhosa men participated in the study. Data was transcribed from taped sessions. Thematic analysis was carried out and 12 major themes and eight sub-themes emerged.
Reshoring Chipmaking Capacity Requires High-Skilled Foreign Talent
Authors: Hunt Will
Published: February 2022

CHIPS for America Act funding will result in the construction of new semiconductor fabrication facilities (“fabs”) in the United States, employing tens of thousands of workers. This policy brief assesses the occupations and backgrounds that will be most in-demand among new fabs, as well as options for ensuring availability of the necessary talent. Findings suggest the need for new immigration pathways for experienced foreign fab workers, and investments in workforce development.
Analisis Kerjasama AFTA dan Indonesia: Peluang dan Tantangan 2015-2020
Authors: Putri Irsya Tursina
Published: February 2022

Abstrak

AFTA atau ASEAN Free Trade Area merupakan sebuah daerah perdagangan bebas antara negara-negara yang tergabung dalam ASEAN. AFTA dibentuk pada Januari 1992 dan resmi dijalankan pada tahun 1993. AFTA ditujukan untuk mengembangkan potensi serta kekuatan ekonomi ASEAN yang masih terdapat banyak negara berkembang. AFTA sendiri berfunngsi untuk meningkatkan arus investasi, arus tenaga kerja dan arus pertukaran informasi dan teknologi antara negara maju dan negara berkembang yang terdapat di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Kehadiran AFTA diharapkan dapat memberdayakan seluruh potensi yang dimiliki oleh tiap ngeara yang tergabung dalam ASEAN. Namun AFTA yang dibentuk oleh ASEAN tersebut juga mengalami beberapa kendala pada masa sekarang. Salah satu kendala yang terbesar adalah adanya pandemi Covid-19. Selain daripada hal tersebut, perang dagang antara Cina dan Amerika Serikat turut membawa pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kehidupan AFTA sebagai daerah perdagangan bebas. Pada pembahasan kali ini, penulis akan membahas mengenai tantangan serta peluang yang dihadapi oleh AFTA dan juga Indonesia selaku salah satu negara anggota yang terlibat secara aktif baik di ASEAN sendiri maupun di AFTA dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun, yaitu dari tahun 2015-2020. Penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik atau Explanatory Research.

Kata Kunci                                       : AFTA, Perdagangan Bebas, Indonesia, ASEAN, Asia Tenggara
Menumbuhkan Semangat Pancasila Sebagai Dasar Persatuan Dan Kesatuan Bangsa Sebagai Upaya Melawan Gerakan Populisme Di Indonesia
Authors: Adon Mathias Jebaru
Published: February 2022

Populisme mencuat di tengah situasi ekonomi yang tidak menguntungkan dan kegagalan para politikus moderat menyelesaikan masalah. Ketegangan ini digunakan pemimpin dan partai populis untuk berkuasa dan menguasai oposisi. Mereka menggunakan sentimen-sentimen keagamaan dan identitas-identitas sektarian untuk mendapat dukungan rakyat. Berdasarkan hal itu, penelitian studi ini memiliki tujuan menguraikan persoalan popoulisme dalam politik global, bagaimana konservatisme agama berkembang dan contoh pemimpin populis Trump yang menunjukkan keterkaitan erat antara konservatisme agama dan populisme. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam studi ini ialah penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan fenomenologi perkembangan politik populisme dalam kaitannya dengan konservatisme agama baik dalam kancah politik global yang nampak dalam kampanye politik Trump yang menggunakan sentiment keagamaan. Isu yang sama yang digunakan saat kompanye pemilihan kepala daerah di Indonesia. Berhadapan dengan fenomena ini, Indonesia mengarahkan pandangannya pada Pancasila sebagai landasan dalam membangun persaudaraan dan persatuan. Pancasila lahir dari harapan agar bangsa Indonesia dapat bersaudara satu dengan yang lain kendati beraneka ragam.
How to obtain valid consent for research?
Authors: Ben Fredj Manel
Published: February 2022

There is a broad agreement on the need to protect humans participating in biomedical research. Research ethics encompasses three fundamental principles : autonomy, bienfaisance and justice. In practice, valid consent from participants is considered as the main tool to protect the participants and to ensure their rights. Obtaining a valid consent for research requires the voluntariness and the capacity of participants with disclosing an adequate and clear information. Nevertheless, in some circumstances, the institutional review board (IRB) may make an exeption and approve the waiver of consent. An approval by the IRB is always needed. This workshop introduces candidates to fundamental principles in ethics research and to the rules of consent writing in research. It adresses also the specific situations under which a waiver consent may be acceptable. The workshop proceeds in two sessions in which we: present the principles of research ethics with explaining the steps of obtaining a valid consent for research , and organize work groups.Keywords: biomedical research, valid consent, research, workshop
The epidemiological profile of women with breast cancer at the Reference Center Lalla Salma of Tiznit
Authors: Elbouzidi M. , Laghcib K. , Amane S. , Bijji M. , Baid D. , Rizk S.
Published: February 2022

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It occupies first place in most countries. To describe the epidemiological profile of breast cancer at the Lalla Salma Tiznit reference center. A retrospective study was conducted at the said center. Based on the exploitation of the files of patients with breast cancer. The data were collected over four years with a stratified sample of140 cases. The main obtained an average age of 60 years, 60% were married, the average age of the first menstruation was 12 years, 36% of patients were on the pill and 18% had a history of hormonal treatment. Multiparous women represented 34% and pouciparous women 42%. In addition, 90% of the cases had been breastfed. In this sense, the study proposes to promote a better organization of health care systems for isolated populations, emphasizing the importance of early detection to avoid advanced and metastatic stages that can be fatal.Keywords: epidemiological profile, breast cancer, women, Tiznit
Identification of novel mutations by targeted next-generation sequencing in Moroccan families clinically diagnosed with a neuromuscular disorder
Authors: Rochdi Khaoula , Cerino Mathieu , Da Silva Nathalie , Delague Valerie , Bouzidi Aymane , Nahili Halima , Zouiri Ghizlane , Kriouile Yamna , Gorokhova Svetlana , Bartoli Marc , Saïle Rachid , Barakat Abdelhamid , Krahn Martin
Published: February 2022

The identification of underlying genes of genetic conditions has expanded greatly in the past decades, which has broadened the field of genes responsible for inherited neuromuscular diseases. We aimed to investigate mutations associated with neuromuscular disorders phenotypes in 2 Moroccan families. Next-generation sequencing combined with Sanger sequencing could assist with understanding the hereditary variety and underlying disease mechanisms in these disorders. Two novel homozygous mutations were described in this study. The SIL1 mutation is the first identified in the Moroccan population, the mutation was identified as the main cause of Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome in one patient. While the second mutation identified in the fatty acid 2-hydroxylase gene (FA2H) was associated with the Spastic paraplegia 35 in another patient, both transmitted in an autosomal recessive pattern. These conditions are extremely rare in the North African population and may be underdiagnosed due to overlapping clinical characteristics and heterogeneity of these diseases. We have reported in this studymutations associated with the diseases found in the patients. In addition, we have narrowed the phenotypic spectrum, as well as the diagnostic orientation of patients with neuromuscular disorders, who might have very similar symptoms to other disease groups.Keywords: Neuromuscular Disorders; Next-Generation Sequencing; Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Type 35; North Africa; Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome.
Decision-making process in Moroccan public health policy: an empirical study in the Fez-Meknes region
Authors: SAKR Latifa , FAKIHI Mohammed , NOUR Mohammed Reda
Published: February 2022

The present study aims at analysing the decision-making process in public health policy in Morocco, diagnosing the factors influencing the proper functioning of the health system, and examining the desired performance while shedding light on the major questions posed to the health system authorities. The objective of this study is twofold: on the one hand, to explore the potential of the public actor in the national health system in Morocco, while identifying the expectations of the target at the regional level, and on the other hand, to propose avenues and to assess the impact of public health policy actions by the regional public actor. We conducted a survey of 212 managers, including 41 managers in the health territory of the Regional Health Directorate in the Fez-Meknes region, with a feminization rate of 56%. According to the respondents, the study on the decision-making process, stopped limits related to the decision-maker himself or with the hierarchy, limits related to the process itself, limits related to the constraints of the field which are political-administrative, and other limits related to the regulation, the administrative and the issue of governance. The perspectives recommended by the target surveyed, whose purpose is to improve the decision-making process of the public health policy, are to act firstly on the regulatory andadministrative obstacles, and secondly by suggesting the establishment of an efficient regional public health system.Keywords: Public health policy in Morocco, Decision-making process, Decision-making, Performance issues.
Stage C neuro-HIV revealed by head tremor: a case study with review of the literature
Authors: Aballa L. , Louhab N. , Kissani N.
Published: February 2022

The neurological manifestations of HIV infection are very numerous and varied. In 2018, in Morocco, 30% of seropositive subjects are unaware of their infection. Our patient was one of them. Observation: Authors report the case of a 28-year-old woman, widowed at the age of 20 after a traffic accident. In 2009, she moved to Senegal with the onset of chronic consumption of tobacco and alcohol and unprotected sexual relations with multiple partners. The patient was admitted to our training for an insidious symptomatology going back a year, marked by tremor of the head, improved by the alcohol intake, in a context of weight loss not quantified. The examination objectified a statokinetic cerebellar syndrome. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) did not show any atrophy or cerebellar damage.  The main diagnoses discussed were: sequelae of viral cerebellitis, neurological complications of alcohol intoxication and essential tremor. The complete blood count demonstrated lymphopenia at 660 µL. The HIV and CMV serologies came back positive. Universal meningeal PCR returned VZV. The diagnosis of cerebellar VZV on AIDS was retained. The patient was initially put on Ganciclovir with marked regression of the tremors then on triple therapy after announcement of the diagnosis. Conclusion:  The VZV is the 2nd cause of viral cerebrellitis after the West Nile virus. It can be seen in both the immunocompetent and the immunocompromised. The absence of a concomitant rash is not an exclusion criterion. However, its presence makes diagnostic suspicion easier.

Keywords:  head tremor, cerebellitis, HIV, VZV, alcohol, essential tremor.
Impact of caffeine at the A2A receptors of olfactory bulb, brainstem and striatum of rotenone rat model of Parkinson disease.
Authors: Babatunde Bamidele Richard , Shallie Philemon Dauda
Published: February 2022

Parkinson disease is a complex neurodegenerative disease and presently the fastest growing neurological disorder globally, yet there has not been a known cure and there has been various lapses in the management therapy. Hence this study was aimed at evaluating the impact of caffeine at the A2A receptors of olfactory bulb, brainstem and striatum of rotenone rat model of Parkinson disease.

About 55 male Adult Wistar Rats were used for this study. The rats were randomly divided into five groups of 10 rats each with the exception of group B having 15 rats (10 rats for motor PD and 5 rats for premotor PD): Grp A (vehicle; feed + ethanol), Grp B (rotenone 3mg/kg, i.p), Grp C (caffeine 30mg/kg, i.p + rotenone 3mg/kg, i.p), Grp D (rotenone 3mg/kg, i.p + caffeine 30mg/kg, i.p), Grp E (caffeine 30mg/kg, i.p). The animals were subjected to various neurobehavioral protocols, the brains were excised, weighed, appropriate sections taken and processed histologically. The photomicrographs, Morphometric and Statistical analysis were done using Omax led digital Microscope, Image J Software and Graph Pad Prism (7) respectively.

The results showed a significant decrease in body weight (P<0.05), M/T cells count, neuronal fibres count, increase in level of anxiety (P<0.001), motor deficit, olfactory dysfunction, distortion and degeneration in histopathological presentations in rotenone treated groups, all of these were abrogated/reverse with caffeine treatment. This study was able to establish the therapeutic candidature of caffeine acting as the A2A receptor antagonist to ameliorate the various pathological lesions caused by rotenone administration.

Keywords: Parkinson disease, Rotenone, Caffeine, A2A receptors, Brainstem, Olfactory Bulb.
Intramedullary spinal cord tumors: About 7 cases
Authors: ELHAIRECH Dahmane , KANAZY Saloua , LMEJJATI Mohamed
Published: February 2022

This study is about 9 cases of intramedullary spinal cord tumors managed in Neurosurgery Department of UHC AGADIR. There is no sexe predominance and the mean age was 30,8 years. The clinical symptoms is dominated by a spinal cord compression syndrome. All patients underwent spinal MRI. All the patients underwent surgical treatment with total removal in 4 cases, subtotal in 2 cases, and only a biopsy in 1 cases. Histologic examination showed 4 cases of ependymomas,  2 cases of astrocytomas and 1 case of hemangioblastoma. Adjuvant treatment has been administrated in 2 patients. The evolution was good in 4 patients (57,14%) and worsening in 14,28% of the cases.

Keywords : intramedullary tumors, ependymomas, astrocytomas, hemangioblastomas, surgery
Chronic exposure to metam sodium causes cognitive impairment in adult mice: evidence of hippocampal neuroinflammation
Authors: Kaikai Nour-eddine , Ba-M’hamed Saadia , Ghanima Abderrazzak , Bennis Mohamed
Published: February 2022

Neuroinflammation is a significant pathological feature contributing to cognitive deficits that can arise from exposure to environmental toxicants such as pesticides. Metam sodium (MS) is one of the emergent pesticides largely used in the agriculture and public health sectors. In the present study, we verified whether exposure to this compound would affect cognitive performance, and induce neuroinflammation as an underlying mechanism. In this context, mice received chronic treatment with different doses of MS and were submitted to novel object recognition and step-through passive avoidance tests. Hippocampal regions from treated animals underwent an immunohistochemical evaluation of the expression of GFAP and Iba-1 as markers of astrocytes and microglia respectively. The main findings showed that chronic exposure to MS resulted in a decrease in the ratio of time spent beside the novel object and strep-through latency indicating alterations in recognition memory as well as short- and long-term memory respectively. Moreover, treated animals exhibited a significant rise in immunostaining of neuroinflammatory markers GFAP and Iba-1 in the dentate gyrus as well as in the CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus. The present work demonstrates that MS diminished cognitive performance in tasks relying on hippocampal-dependent memory closely associated with high expression of neuroinflammatory markers.

Keywords:  Metam sodium; cognitive performance; neuroinflammation; hippocampus; GFAP; Iba-1.
Validation of X-Ray Spectra in screening mammography simulated with Monte Carlo
Authors: Talbi Mohammed , El Mansouri M'hamed , Oustous Aziz , Nhila Oussama , Sebihi Rajaa , Khalis Mohammed
Published: February 2022

Background: Screening mammography is the examination of reference in the fight against breast cancer because of its sensitivity in detecting microlesions. Thus, it is crucial to ensure a good quality examination with the most suitable dose, requirements will depend on the choice of exposure parameters (anode/filter, tube voltage and current) and the acquisition procedures. To optimize practices, we must understand the relationship between breast dose and image quality. This can be reached by knowing the X-ray energy spectra. This study aims to generate spectra of a mammographic x-ray tube, using two types of targets, Mo and Rh by MONTE CARLO simulation using Gate code (GEANT4).

Methods: To predict the X-ray spectra for the Mo/Mo and Rh/Rh target/filter of the screening mammography tube; Monte Carlo modelization has been carried out using the GATE code (GEANT4), the generated spectra are validated by comparing them with those of the IPEM report 78.

Results: The curves of the spectra obtained by the Monte Carlo simulation have been normalized for a reliable comparison. The evaluation of these curves has been performed using a statistical analysis with the student’s t-test. The results show that the energy spectra of the GATE code are in agreement with those produced by the IPEM 78 report, no statistically significant differences have been observed between the IPEM and simulated spectra (p<.05), even though there are slight differences between them, especially in the characteristic intensity of the K-beam and in the low-energy range.

Conclusion: Monte Carlo simulation is a reliable method for generating mammography spectra and can be used as a tool for optimizing acquisition parameters.

Keywords:  Mammography, Screening, X-ray spectra, Gate, Monte Carlo Simulation, GEANT4, IPEM Report 78, Analysis, Molybdenum, Rhodium
Post-traumatic pituitary impairment in traumatic brain injury patients
Authors: El GHIYATI Warda , GHANNIMA Abderraazzak , ABOUELHASSANE Taoufik
Published: February 2022

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability for the young adult population. The total annual incidence of hospitalized TBIs depends on the region, periods and measurement methods. In fact, each year, nearly 69 million people suffer head injuries, which represents a worldwide incidence of 939 cases per 100,000 people for all causes and severities., Each year, 55.9 million people (740 cases per 100,000 people) suffer from mild traumatic brain injury, while severe cases on the other hand represent 5.48 million cases (73 cases per 100,000 people). Post-traumatic pituitary impairment is a complication that can often occur in association with a TBI. Its actual prevalence remains difficult to assess because the published studies are heterogenous and also because of the difficulty to interpret the results of hormone tests in this specific population. The epidemiological study of head trauma patients makes it possible to measure the quantitative aspect in terms of incidence, to establish a screening of the situation in a vital emergency department (VED), to identify the risk factors to better target preventive actions, and to study the short-term and long-term hormonal changes in this population.

Our study is a retrospective analysis of a series of 399 head trauma patients admitted to the VED between January 2017 and December 2020 and will initially focus on describing the epidemiological profile of this population.

Keywords:  Traumatic brain injury, Post-traumatic pituitary impairment, epidemiology.
Molecular study of infantile Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Maarouf Fatima , Tazzite Amal , Dehbi Hind
Published: February 2022

Infantile Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by a degeneration of the motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord leading to a progressive paralysis of the limbs and trunk with muscle atrophy. 95% of cases are due to exon 7 deletions in the SMN gene. The aim of this work is to determine the frequency of the exon 7 deletion in the SMN1 gene in congenital hypotonia of unknown cause in some Moroccan patients.

The exon 7 deletion of the SMN1 gene was investigated in 29 unrelated Moroccan infants. These patients were referred to the genetic consultation for congenital hypotonia during the period from June 2013 to June 2021. The identification of exon 7 deletion was performed using PCR-RFLP. Homozygous deletion was found in 15 infants (52%) while 14 patients had negative results. On the other hand, deletions of NAIP gene and exon 8 of the SMN gene are in progress.

The 5q13 region (SMA locus) is composed of two 500 kb elements, duplicated and inverted, each element containing one copy of the SMN gene, one copy of the NAIP gene and one copy of the p44 gene. Deletions of exon 7 of the SMN1 gene cause the accumulation of the abnormal SMN protein and consequently its absence in axonal extensions. Thereby, the identification of this mutation remains important in infants with congenital hypotonia without obvious cause. This easy genetic test should be systematically proposed after a well-established genetic counseling.

Keywords: SMN, SMA, Congenital hypotonia, NAIP.
Neurological manifestations in Patau syndrome
Authors: Maarouf Fatima , Bouzroud Wafaa , Tazzite Amal , Dehbi Hind
Published: February 2022

Patau syndrome (Trisomy 13) is a chromosomal abnormality due to the presence of an extra chromosome 13. It is a polymalformative syndrome characterized by the association of several cerebral malformations such as holoprosencephaly, facial dysmorphy, ocular anomalies, postaxial polydactyly, visceral malformations and a very severe psychomotor delay. This work aims to highlight the neurological problems associated with Patau syndrome.

We report the case of an 8-month-old female infant. She presents ocular cataract, posterior cleft palate and post axial polydactyly. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scan were normal. The orbital ultrasonography showed bilateral congenital cataract and bilateral temporal cristalo-postoral vitreous band. The electroencephalogram (EEG) showed a total disorganization of the background activity with a chaotic, anarchic aspect, replaced by diffuse, bilateral, synchronous discharges of hypsarrhythmic type and the Doppler echocardiography showed an AIC ostium secundum of 6 mm. The constitutional karyotype showed a free and homogeneous trisomy 13 (47,XX,+13).  Patau syndrome is defined by a triad: microphthalmia/anophthalmia, cleft lip and palate, and postaxial polydactyly. Confirmation is obtained by cytogenetic testing. The malformations affect midline development including the nervous system such as corpus callosum anomalies, ventriculomegaly, neural tube defects, hydrocephalus, holoprosencephaly, cerebellar dysplasia, olfactory aplasia, and cortical dysplasia. The neurological presentation is severe: hypotonia, hyporeactivity and epilepsy. Nonspecific EEGs have been reported, including diffuse epileptic discharges, focal slowing, spike-wave/polypoint-wave complexes and a predominant theta rhythm. Patients with Patau syndrome may have brain malformations with an increased risk of seizures and variable treatment response. The genetic counseling is important to assist family members.

Keywords: Trisomy 13, Patau syndrome, cerebral malformations, hypsarrhythmia, seizures.
Clinical exome sequencing identifies a novel variant in SCN1A gene in a Moroccan patient with Dravet syndrome
Authors: Boussakri Ikhlass , Benittou Afaf , Tazzite Amal , Dehbi Hind
Published: February 2022

Dravet syndrome (DS) is a rare genetic epilepsy syndrome inherited by an autosomal dominant manner. It’s characterized by occurrence of protracted febrile seizures (FS) followed by development of multiple seizure types and psychomotor retardation. Early DS diagnosis in a child with FS facilitate institution of appropriate treatment. In clinical practice, Exome-Sequencing (ES) become a powerful approach for molecular diagnosis in genetic epilepsies.

A 3-year-old Moroccan girl, born to non-consanguineous parents, was diagnosed with DS. The FS (10-15min) began in the first year of life (10months) followed by fever (40°C) and sleep problems. MRI, EEG and psychomotor development were normal. Positive family history of FS was reported in the father. The focal myoclonic seizures developed during the second-year were prolonged, repeated and resistant to treatments. ES has shown a novel heterozygous missense variant [c.4265A>T (p. Tyr1422Phe)] in exon 21 of SCN1A gene that encodes the type-1-subunit of neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel which regulate neuronal excitability. This variant has been predicted to be probably damaging by in-silico analysis. Genetic counselling is recommended for all families with SCN1A mutation. More analyses are needed to identify the phenotypic features of this novel variant in order to establish an effective care management.

Keywords: Dravet syndrome, Exome sequencing, SCN1A, Moroccan patient.
Neuroscience research in Morocco and Africa
Authors: Errahmany A , Qorchi H. , Chraa M. , Louhab N. , Kissani N
Published: February 2022

Introduction : Even if neuroscience research was established in sub-Saharan Africa from the twentieth century, Moroccan and African neurosciences still need continued international support and African engagement to address regional needs unique to Africa.

The objective of this work is to analyze the current state and level of development of neuroscience research in Morocco and Africa.

Methods : This is a review of the literature. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar for neuroscience-related studies conducted on Moroccan and African subjects over the past two decades. The search terms used were "Neuroscience" OR "Nervous System" OR "Brain" OR "Neuron" OR "Spinal Cord".

Results : Neuroscience production in Africa since 1997 has been dominated by a handful of          countries : Egypt (28%), South Africa (23%), Nigeria (11%), Morocco (8%) and Tunisia (7%). Nonetheless, over the past two decades, the number of neuroscience publications published each year has grown exponentially in all major geopolitical regions of Africa (North, West, East, Central and Southern Africa).

Conclusion : Several approaches are proposed to improve research in neuroscience : Set up training programs in neuroscience, Provide a research infrastructure, offer platforms allowing meetings, interactions and collaboration between African scientists.

Keywords: Research, Neuroscience, Africa, Morocco
PENERAPAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI SD NEGERI DOMBO 1
Authors: REJO REJO
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to describes about the implementation of character education in learning and to know the supporting factors and restricting factor in the implementation of character education in learning in SD Negeri Dombo 1 Sayung, Demak. This research employed a qualitative approach with a single case study. Data were collected by using indepth interviews, observation, documentation, and finally data were analized by qualitative descriptive. The results showed that the implementation of character education in schools is carried out in an integrated manner in all subjects, in extracurricular activities, and the activities of habituation. The results of this study are expected to be useful for educators and education personnel to make innovations in order to improve the quality of learning associated with the formation of students character.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran serta mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam implementasi pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran di SD Negeri Dombo 1 Syung, Demak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus tunggal. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi, dan data dianalisis secara kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, implementasi pendidikan karakter di sekolah tersebut dilaksanakan secara terintegrasi dalam semua mata pelajaran, kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, dan kegiatan pembiasaan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi para pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan untuk melakukan inovasi dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran yang terkait dengan pembentukan karakter siswa.
Un achegamento ás relacións humanimais na literatura galega
Authors: Acuña Trabazo Ana
Published: February 2022

Este artigo pretende ser un achegamento á relación entre animais humanos e animais non humanos en diferentes autores e obras da literatura galega desde unha perspectiva ecocrítica. A través dos textos exemplifícase a separación entre animais humanos e non humanos en contextos marcados pola dominación, ilústrase a interconexión humanimal e, finalmente, móstrase a plurisensorialidade do animal non humano. Engádense, tamén, ensaios con testemuños orais reais que inciden na separación bíos zoe en situacións de violencia extrema.
Pseudonimia e pseudoalofonía: as carautas onomásticas de Álvaro Cunqueiro nos seus artigos e traducións
Authors: Costas Xosé-Henrique
Published: February 2022

Ao longo de medio século de creación poética e colaboracións en prensa, Cunqueiro asinou milleiros de artigos e traducións con pseudónimos e moitas traducións poéticas con ducias de pseudoalófonos, de maneira que as máscaras onomásticas empregadas polo mindoniense sobrepasan o centenar. Neste artigo facemos unha aproximación a estoutros cunqueiros enmascarados, revelamos as súas formas e avanzamos algunhas hipóteses sobre os motivos que levaron a Cunqueiro a usar deles. Aprofundamos na espiral desta onomástica lúdica do mindoniense desvelando medio cento de poemas de alofonía fantástica ou pseudoalofonía –que poderían ser poemas orixinais de Cunqueiro– e dous pseudónimos máis empregados como supostos «axudantes de tradución ou tradutores» de poesía alemá e sueca.
A clasificación das variedades dialectais do galego de Ricardo Carvalho Calero
Authors: Dubert-García Francisco
Published: February 2022

Neste traballo pretendo analizar a obra dialectolóxica de Ricardo Carvalho Calero; en concreto, voume centrar na súa proposta de clasificación das variedades dialectais do galego. Para iso, presentarei, en primeiro lugar, a súa visión do galego como lingua unitaria: aínda que presenta variación dialectal, non contén dialectos no seu interior, senón entidades que el denomina modalidades. En segundo lugar, prestarei especial atención a como elaborou a súa clasificación, ós seus presupostos teóricos e describirei a proposta en si mesma. Tamén analizarei algunhas das críticas que outros autores realizaron sobre aquela. A análise sobre este último aspecto non ten un mero valor historiográfico local, senón que oculta importantes cuestións teóricas previas á realización das investigacións dialectais. Finalmente, conclúo que, a pesar da pouca información con que don Ricardo contaba, a súa organización das falas galegas estaba ben fundamentada e segue a merecer o noso respecto.
En la estela de la colección de literatura popular de Marcial Valladares: colaboración con otros folcloristas del siglo XIX
Authors: Fernández Salgado Xosé A.
Published: February 2022

El escritor y lingüista Marcial Valladares (1821-1903) fue también artífice de una de las primeras colecciones de literatura popular realizadas en Galicia en el siglo XIX. Pese a que a que no se publicó en un volumen en su momento, puede decirse que gozó de cierta difusión gracias a que el mismo usó las coplas y refranes por el transcritos como autoridad lingüística en su reconocido Diccionario gallego-castellano (1884); pero igualmente porque se mostró generoso cediendo esa completa y variada colección manuscrita a aquellos estudiosos del folclore español y gallego que solicitaron su colaboración. Este artículo explora y analiza su aportación a los trabajos y colecciones de Manuel Murguía, Antonio Machado y Álvarez, Juan A. Saco Arce, Francisco Rodríguez Marín, Casto Sampedro, José Pérez Ballesteros, Antonio de la Iglesia y Alfredo Brañas. Además, este examen va a permitirnos realizar un viaje historiográfico por las investigaciones folclóricas más determinantes del siglo XIX.
As claves do contexto histórico-artístico na Compostela do cambio de século (XIX-XX) a través das artes industriais: o caso da pratería
Authors: Pérez Varela Ana
Published: February 2022

Este artigo explora cinco elementos que escollimos como representativos do panorama artístico de Santiago de Compostela entre finais do século XIX e comezos do XX, cando o contexto histórico e económico favorable motivou certos cambios que distinguen a arte deste momento da dinámica decimonónica anterior. En base á segunda inventio apostólica, a institucionalización da aprendizaxe dos oficios, o auxe das exposicións rexionais, o historicismo neomedieval e a construción da identidade nacionalista, pretendemos explorar que relación teñen estes factores coas artes industriais –o noso obxecto de estudo– e como estas son un claro espello do seu contexto artístico e estético.
De subenca a ba fenecer. Reclamando o catastro de Ensenada para o estudo do galego moderno
Authors: Vidal Fonseca Guillermo
Published: February 2022

Os estudos de lingüística histórica galega enfrontaron, de sempre, dificultades para as súas pescudas sobre o galego da Idade Moderna debido á escaseza ou menor proliferación de fontes escritas nesta lingua durante o período en comparación cos precedentes ou subseguintes. A través do estudo de varios documentos do catastro de Ensenada, elaborado en castelán no século XVIII, relativos á comarca galega de Barcala, identificamos mediante unha exhaustiva investigación individualizada máis de medio cento de voces ou construcións netamente galegas ‒ou afectadas por fenómenos típicos do galego da época‒ que analizamos detalladamente en diferentes planos gramaticais: o fonético, o morfolóxico, o sintáctico, o léxico e o semántico. O estudo desas interferencias da lingua galega no castelán dos textos permite achegármonos a diferentes características do galego medio, particularmente do falado nesa comarca do occidente galego e, mediante esa contribución, o artigo pretende poñer en valor e reclamar unha necesidade aínda non explotada: a de valerse do catastro de Ensenada como fonte documental indirecta para estudar o galego moderno, malia estar escrita en castelán.
Eduardo Blanco Amor reseña el poemario Entre el clavel y la espada de Rafael Alberti
Authors: Tinnell Roger
Published: February 2022

Transcripción y notas del artículo-reseña que Eduardo Blanco Amor publicó en 1954 en el diario venezolano El Nacional sobre el poemario de Rafael Alberti, Entre el clavel y la espada.
Poética do movimento e interculturalidade quilombola: corpo e danças decoloniais na perspectiva freireana
Authors: Ferreira Thais de Jesus , Silva Maria Cecilia de Paula
Published: February 2022

Neste artigo, analisaram-se danças decoloniais quilombolas na perspectiva freireana, a partir da investigação das matrizes estéticas e motrizes culturais constituintes do samba de roda e fandango caiçara. Considerou-se como a textualização dos corpos de quilombolas expressam a perspectiva decolonial da dança. Trata-se de pesquisa histórica do tempo presente. Utilizaram-se referenciais teóricos e observações de práticas artístico-culturais de danças quilombolas, mais especificamente o samba de roda do Quilombo Buri, Bahia; e o fandango do Quilombo Batuva, Paraná. Concluiu-se que a interculturalidade expressa nos sentidos e nos significados das danças decoloniais desvela historicidade e memórias do Atlântico negro e da diáspora e se atualiza no tempo presente. O samba de roda do Quilombo Buri revela a produção do interconhecimento que evidencia salvaguarda da cultura, resistência e reinvenção dos saberes. No Quilombo Batuva, registros da dança decolonial são históricos. Fandango não compõe as práticas artístico-culturais do quilombo, mas ele significa e traduz as relações de educação, corpo e cultura da comunidade.
Um romance hiper-circuitado: 2019 não passa e o curto da tradição literária
Authors: Mello Júlia de Mello Silva , Amâncio Nair Renata , Rocha Rejane Cristina
Published: February 2022

Se a arte - e, por extensão, a literatura - sempre se fez com os meios do seu tempo, como propôs Arlindo Machado, na contemporaneidade digital os meios digitais oferecem possibilidades e impõem restrições aos escritores, a depender de como eles optam por manipular códigos informáticos ou, ainda, experimentar com as mídias a fim de expandir e/ou recusar as especificidades dos gêneros literários nascidos e consolidados ao longo da cultura impressa. Este artigo analisa o romance de Instagram, 2019 não passa, a fim de discutir de que maneira a sua inscrição material em uma rede social altera/amplia o que temos identificado como próprio do gênero romance.
As múltiplas escolhas de Alejandro Zambra: leituras comparadas
Authors: Oliveira Paulo Cesar Silva de
Published: February 2022

O artigo tematiza a questão da inespecificidade da narrativa atual no estudo de Múltipla escolha (2017), de Alejandro Zambra, lendo-a comparativamente a textos anteriores do autor e em diálogo com um texto de Oswald de Andrade, da tradição modernista brasileira. O referencial teórico principal parte do diálogo com as questões desenvolvidas por Florencia Garramuño – arte expandida, (in) especificidade do literário e fuga dos lugares de pertencimento – e Josefina Ludmer, com suas teorias acerca do conceito de literaturas pós-autônomas, para avançar nas discussões em torno da escrita híbrida de Zambra. Equilibrando leitura literária e teoria, traçaremos um panorama da prosa de Zambra em perspectiva dialógica com o ideário modernista. Ao final do artigo, propomos compreender a prosa de Zambra dentro de uma poética que reinventa e problematiza a tradição, com isso, dialogando com pressupostos modernos que, a título de exemplo comparativo, levamos à obra de Oswald de Andrade, um possível interlocutor.
ANTASENA BIOHIDROGEN: GENERATOR BERBASIS LIMBAH KELAPA SAWIT GUNA MENINGKATKAN KERJA SAMA INDONESIA-TIONGKOK DI BIDANG RENEWABLE ENERGY
Authors: Ibrahim Fathahillah Hizbul Islam  , Widyastuti Risa Wahyu , Pratama Adzon Nugraha Rizky , Purniawan Agung
Published: February 2022

Minat energi di Indonesia terus meningkat setiap tahun dan diperkirakan mencapai 23% pada tahun 2050. Indonesia memiliki hubungan perdagangan erat dengan Tiongkok khususnya dalam bidang ekspor komoditi unggulan berupa kelapa sawit yang mampu dihasilkan Indonesia sebanyak 48 juta ton/tahun dan menjadi penghasil kelapa sawit terbanyak di dunia. Potensi biomassa dari limbah kelapa sawit seperti Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) dihasilkan sebanyak 50% dari sisa ekstrak sebuah kelapa sawit yang mampu menghasilkan hidrogen dan pembangkit listrik hingga 10.000 Watt. Pretreatment pada POME dilakukan untuk menghilangkan bakteri metanasi. Hasilnya digunakan sebagai substrat untuk hidrolisis menggunakan 1M NaOH pada temperatur 80℃. Alat dan bahan yang diperlukan dalam pembuatan Antasena Biohidrogen adalah gas storage, pipa, POME, bioreaktor, dan filter. Dengan menggunakan strategi meta-pemeriksaan, penelitian diselesaikan dengan meninjau jurnal ilmiah dan simulasi menggunakan Solidworks untuk menentukan kesehatan generator, kerangka filtrasi, kekuatan material, dan perubahan tahap dalam gas. Dengan menggunakan bahan POME 18L, Antasena Biohidrogen dapat menghasilkan 10,8L H2/jam. Kemudian diubah menjadi listrik dengan perbandingan 0,699L biohidrogen untuk menghasilkan listrik sebesar 1000 W/h dan diperkirakan mencapai 137.603,43 kWh/tahun. Dari hasil simulasi didapatkan faktor keamanan sebesar 2,4 sehingga aman untuk digunakan. Antasena Biohidrogen dapat menjadi investasi dengan BEP dalam waktu 1 tahun 26 hari, sehingga dapat disimpulkan efektif sebagai energi listrik terbarukan.
SIMULADOR DE PROCESOS EN WONDERWARE INTOUCH PARA VALIDAR LA AUTOMATIZACIÓN DE UN SISTEMA DE FILTRADO DE FOSFATO BICÁLCICO
Authors: PALOMARES ORIHUELA RICARDO JOHN , Yanac Huamán David Josue
Published: February 2022

La presente investigación consistió en el diseño e implementación de un simulador de procesos utilizando el software scada  Wonderware Intouch para validar la Ingeniería de Detalle y modelar las secuencias lógicas de los procesos industriales, que permitió aceptar las secuencias de automatización de un Sistema de filtrado de sólidos para el secado de fosfato bicálcico. La investigación se realizó en 4 etapas: la primera etapa consistió en la verificación documentaria de los diagramas P&ID y su conformidad con las normas ISA, la segunda etapa consistió en esquematizar los diagramas P&ID en el simulador utilizando el software scada Wonderware Intouch, la tercera etapa consistió en hacer pruebas de forma animada en el simulador de las secuencias automatizadas indicadas en los documentos de filosofía de control, interlock’s y enclavamientos. La cuarta etapa consistió el pre-comisionamiento, comisionamiento y puesta en marcha de los equipos de campo. Las pruebas realizadas se llevaron a cabo durante la segunda y tercera etapa del proyecto, cada documento referido a la automatización en la Ingeniería de Detalle se validó en el simulador y como resultado se obtuvieron observaciones para ser emitidas a la empresa integradora extranjera responsable de la Ingeniería de Detalle a fin de ser corregida. En consecuencia, el sistema de filtrado de sólidos se puso en operación sin demoras y sin observaciones en la puesta en marcha de la automatización, logrando integrar el nuevo sistema durante una parada de planta de 8 horas, tiempo inferior a lo estimado de 24 horas.
Efectos Positivos Del Uso De Tecnologías Biométricas Para El Control De Acceso En Las Universidades
Authors: Guevara Aredo Luis Antonio
Published: February 2022

La evolución del uso de los indicadores biométricos para el control de acceso a entornos con equipos e información sensible en conjunto con la actual irrupción de componentes electrónicos y digitales, ha tenido un mayor crecimiento en los últimos años. La presente revisión sistemática abarca el análisis de los efectos positivos que produce el uso de dichos indicadores adheridos a hardware y software, centrando la investigación en el estado actual tanto de universidades a nivel nacional como internacional en técnicas de autenticación, verificación y reconocimiento de usuarios en el campo de la biometría.

En este contexto, responderemos a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Qué efectos positivos conlleva la implementación de tecnologías biométricas para el control de acceso en las universidades? Por lo mismo, se hace necesario centrar como objeto de esta investigación, el impacto que generan las tecnologías biométricas en instituciones de educación superior a partir de la revisión de bases de datos académicas de los últimos 5 años.

Posterior a la revisión sistemática, se logró identificar que los más importantes efectos positivos de las tecnologías biométricas en las universidades son en su mayoría orientadas a la seguridad y fiabilidad tanto de los datos como del entorno, y también, a optimizar el tiempo de desarrollo de los diversos procesos que, a su vez conlleva a un ahorro de tiempo y costos posterior a la aplicación de cualquier sistema con tecnologías biométricas.