bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Release of antibiotics from the materials for postosteomyelitic bone defect filling
Authors: Stogov M. V. , Shastov A. L. , Kireeva E. A. , Tushina N. V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction The search for materials for bone defect filling that would provide a release of antibiotics in therapeutic levels over a long period is a pressing issue in the treatment of patients with osteomyelitis.

The purpose of the work was to compare the kinetics of antibiotic release from materials based on polyurethane polymers for filling post-osteomyelitic bone defects.

Materials and methods A comparative in vitro analysis of the kinetic release of cefotaxime, vancomycin, and meropenem from two materials was performed: one was based on polyurethane polymers (RK series) and the other on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA series). In each series, antibiotics were added to the original materials in three proportions: polymer/ antibiotic — 10:1 (group 1); 10:0.5 (group 2), and 10:0.25 (group 3). The samples were incubated in 10 ml of saline at 37 °C. The incubation solution was changed daily during the first week, and then once a week. Six samples were incubated in each group.

Results It was revealed that the volume of eluted cefotaxime in the PMMA series was higher than in the RK series for  all  antibiotic concentrations. In turn, for vancomycin and meropenem, it was observed only for group 1 samples. For groups 0.5 and 0.25, a larger volume of released antibiotics was noted in the RK series than in the PMMA series. It was found that in the RK series, the release of vancomycin and cefotaxime in an effective (therapeutic) concentration was more prolonged. In the RK series, there was prolonged release of effective concentrations but in a smaller volume of released antibiotic than in the PMMA series.

Discussion Each material showed its own antibiotic elution profile and each of them may have its own indications. The RK-based material has advantages in terms of the duration of antibiotic elution in therapeutic doses.

Conclusion The release of the studied antibiotics in effective concentrations from the material based on polyurethane polymers is longer than from the PMMA-based material.
Comunicación y pensamiento crítico: un estudio en universitarios peruanos
Authors: Cangalaya Sevillano Luis Miguel , Arias Chávez Dennis , Huamán Fernández Jackeline Roxana , Fonseca Gómez Lida Rubiela
Published: December 2024

Este artículo se propone como objetivo determinar la relación entre las habilidades comunicativas y el pensamiento crítico en estudiantes universitarios de primer año de una universidad pública peruana. Se desarrolló un estudio correlacional. La muestra fue de 545 sujetos (287 varones y 258 mujeres), con edades promedio de 19 años y extraídos del primer ciclo de 8 carreras profesionales de la Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas de una universidad pública peruana. Como instrumentos se utilizaron el cuestionario de habilidades comunicativas que consta de 27 preguntas, y el cuestionario de pensamiento crítico, de 34 preguntas, debidamente validados. Con respecto a los resultados, estos evidenciaron una correlación entre las variables y para ello se aplicó la prueba no paramétrica de Spearman, que es aplicable a las variables ordinales. Finalmente, se concluye la existencia de una relación significativa y alta entre ambas variables.
Conexión Social: Un Análisis Bibliométrico
Authors: Villarrubia Mariano , Morán Valeria Estefanía , Giovannini Vanessa , Vieyra Valentín
Published: December 2024

Este estudio explora la producción científica sobre conexión social (CS) mediante un análisis bibliométrico de 94 artículos obtenidos de las bases de datos SCOPUS, Dialnet y SciELO. La CS se define como un sentimiento de pertenencia y cercanía en relaciones interpersonales, desarrollado a partir de experiencias sociales internalizadas en diversos contextos. Estos estudios examinan la productividad por autor, colaboración entre investigadores, temáticas y distribución geográfica de las publicaciones. Los resultados indican un aumento en la investigación sobre CS desde 2016, alcanzando su pico en 2022, posiblemente vinculado a la pandemia de COVID-19 y la mayor atención en la CS como respuesta al aislamiento social. La investigación está liderada por autores de Estados Unidos, con menor participación de Australia y Europa, mientras que América Latina muestra escasa representación, evidenciando una brecha regional en la producción científica. La CS se asocia principalmente con la salud mental y el bienestar psicológico, mientras que otras áreas, como el desarrollo cognitivo y las diferencias culturales, son menos exploradas. Metodológicamente, la mitad de los estudios son correlacionales, con escasos diseños experimentales y longitudinales, lo que limita la comprensión de los efectos causales de la CS. Se concluye que el campo requiere mayor diversidad metodológica, colaboración interdisciplinaria y representación regional para profundizar en los mecanismos de la CS y su impacto en la salud y el bienestar en distintos contextos.
Toma de declaraciones en caso de abuso sexual infantil (ASI): Revisión sistemática
Authors: Uribe-Bravo Karla Anamaría , Berrocal-Aragonés Gabriela , Delgado Ramos Enrique
Published: December 2024

El abuso sexual infantil (ASI) es una grave problemática global que impacta a millones de niños. La psicología de la memoria y del testimonio ha reconocido distorsiones en el recuerdo, pero también ha creado estrategias para mitigarlas al tratar los testimonios de menores abusados. Este estudio se centra en los aportes de estas ramas psicológicas para obtener testimonios confiables en casos de violencia sexual infantil. Tras una revisión sistemática de dos décadas según los lineamientos PRISMA, con 61 investigaciones analizadas, se categorizaron los resultados en: procedimientos de entrevista, involucrados y características del menor. Se evidenció que los relatos de niñas y niños, incluso en edad preescolar, pueden ser coherentes y detallados si se recopilan adecuadamente.
RİSKLERİN VE FAİZ GETİRİSİNİN BİST BANKA ENDEKSİNE ETKİLERİ: 2023 TÜRKİYE GENEL SEÇİMLERİ UYGULAMASI
Authors: Kutlu Melih
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı 2023 Türkiye genel seçimlerinde döviz riski, piyasa riski ve faiz getirisinin BİST Banka endeksi getiri ve volatilitesine asimetrik etkisini araştırmaktır. Araştırma 13 Mart 2023 ve 21 Temmuz 2023 arası dönemini kapsamaktadır. Çalışmada GJR-GARCH modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre seçimler bankacılık sektörü getiri ve asimetrik volatilitesini etkilemektedir. Bankacılık sektörünü etkileyen en belirgin değişken döviz kuru riskidir. Seçim öncesi ve sonrası negatif şokların etkisi pozitif şoklardan daha fazladır. İki seçim arası dönemde ise bu etki gözlemlenmemiştir. Bu durum siyasi belirsizliğin piyasayı etkilediğini göstermektedir. İki seçim arası dönemde bankacılık sektörü volatilitesi geçmiş dönem şokları, geçmiş dönem volatilitesi ve kaldıraç etkisinden ziyade döviz kuru riskinden etkilenmiştir.
YAŞAM HAKKININ KORUNMASININ AFET YÖNETİMİ KAPSAMINDA İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Güden Rumeysa Ayşe
Published: December 2024

Afet yönetimi; afet öncesindeki, afet sırasındaki ve afet sonrasındaki süreci ifade etmektedir. Bu süreç yaşam hakkının korunması kapsamında kolektif eylemleri gerektirmektedir. Birey ve toplum varlığını tehdit eden tehlike veya afet koşullarında devletler yaşam hakkı kapsamındaki yükümlülüklerine aykırı davranamazlar. Devletler, yaşam hakkının korunması amacıyla afet öncesi dönemde yasal ve idari çerçeveyi oluşturarak adil hukuk sistemini inşa etmekle yükümlüdürler. Afet sırasında ve sonrasında ise devletler etkili ve hızlı müdahale hizmetlerine başvurarak en az zararı hedefleyerek afetlerle mücadele etmelidirler. İdare, yaşam hakkı kapsamında yükümlü olduğu eylemlerle hem afetlerin yönetilebilirliğini arttıracak hem de tehlikeli olayların afete dönüşmesini önleyecektir. Bu makalede, devletlerin yaşam hakkı ihlalini önlemek amacıyla afet öncesi dönemde gerekli adımları atması, afet sırasında ve sonrasında yaşam hakkının korunmasına yönelik tedbirlerin kuvvetlendirilmesi içtihat ve literatür ışığında tartışılmaktadır. Çalışma, devletlerin yaşam hakkı odağında afet yönetiminde atacağı her etkili adımın kayıpları minimize etmeye yardımcı olacağını ileri sürmektedir.
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND INFLUENCERS ON CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDES AND PURCHASING TOWARDS ORGANIC FOODS
Authors: Arı Erkan , Yılmaz Veysel
Published: December 2024

The accelerated growth of digital technologies has led to an intensification of product promotion and advertising through social media and influencers. This development has given rise to the emergence of novel business models in the domain of advertising and product promotion. It has become evident that social media has a significant impact on consumer purchasing attitudes and behaviours. In particular, the influence of influencers, who make recommendations in digital environments, is increasing daily. This effect is particularly pronounced in the context of food product purchasing behaviour. This study examines the impact of social media and influencers on organic food (OF) purchasing behaviour, utilising a proposed model. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed to assess the fit of the research model and the structural relationships within it. The data were collected from 453 organic food consumers via a voluntary online survey. The study concluded that social media advertising and influencers positively influence consumers' attitudes towards organic products, leading to stronger purchase intentions and behaviours. Furthermore, the moderating role of food innovativeness on the relationship between purchase intention and purchase behaviour of organic food products is positive and significant. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that consumers who frequently adopt and purchase new foods as a result of being influenced by promotions in digital environments are more likely to purchase organic food products.
Pastoreo en la media montaña mediterránea para mitigar el cambio climático
Authors: Lasanta Teodoro , Cortijos-López Melani , Nadal Romero Estela
Published: December 2024

El sector ganadero, en especial en su modalidad intensiva, se considera de gran relevancia en el contexto de cambio climático por su contribución a las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Sin embargo, la producción ganadera es necesaria para alimentar a la población y la conservación de ecosistemas y paisajes culturales. Por otro lado, la ganadería extensiva puede ayudar a mitigar el cambio climático a través del pastoreo. En este trabajo se analiza cómo el binomio desbroce de matorrales–pastoreo contribuye a reducir los incendios forestales y a incrementar el almacenamiento de carbono orgánico en el suelo. El trabajo se ha realizado en un sector del Sistema Ibérico Noroccidental (norte de España), un área de media montaña mediterránea muy despoblada. En su paisaje abundan matorrales en distintas fases de sucesión vegetal tras el abandono rural, siendo la ganadería extensiva la principal actividad económica. Desde 1986 el gobierno regional ha desbrozado aproximadamente el 30% de la superficie de matorrales, disminuyendo el material combustible. La superficie quemada ha pasado de un promedio de 1.060 ha/año en el periodo 1968-1986 a 222,6 ha/año entre 1987 y 2023. Se comprueba también que los pastos regenerados tras el desbroce y las repoblaciones forestales gestionadas (aclareos y pastoreo) acumulan más carbono orgánico en el suelo que los matorrales. En estas montañas marginadas hay personas que quieren seguir viviendo de los recursos locales. La ganadería extensiva puede ayudar a fijar población, contribuyendo también a mitigar el cambio climático y a suministrar servicios ecosistémicos a la sociedad.
Membro fundador do Movimento Internacional para uma nova Museologia - MINON/ICOM
Authors: Caneva de Magalhães Moutinho Mario , Glicério Mendonça Lúcia , Batista Magaldi Monique
Published: December 2024

Em 30 de Julho de 2023, a confirmação oficial da decisão favorável do Comitê Executivo do Conselho Internacional de Museus (ICOM), relativa à 165ª Sessão de 23 e 24 de março de 2023, sobre a proposta de constituição de um novo Comitê Internacional de Museologia Social foi divulgada entre os participantes do Grupo de Trabalho para a Criação de um Comitê Internacional de Museologia Social. O e-mail era assinado pelo Prof. Mário Moutinho, Secretário Interino do referido Grupo de Trabalho e um dos principais agentes do percurso histórico que passou pela fundação do Movimento Internaciona para uma Nova Museologia (MINOM). Nesta entrevista, o Professor Mário Moutinho esclarece os caminhos, reflexões e lutas de muitos profissionais, estudiosos e militantes das causas dos Direitos Humanos no sentido de construir uma Museologia mais dialógica e inclusiva. A sensibilidade para o social e a conscientização de que os museus estão a serviço das sociedades foram decisivas para que museus e a Museologia abrissem espaços, corações e mentes para a inclusão e a solidariedade.
La salud como bien común de la humanidad:
Authors: Machado Sturza Janaína , Zalazar Claudia Elizabeth , Scola Dutra Gabrielle
Published: December 2024

El tema de la investigación es el derecho a la salud. Objetivo general: abordar la construcción de espacios comunes compartidos para implementar el derecho a la salud como un bien común de la humanidad. Los objetivos específicos son: 1) Abordar el neoliberalismo y la biopolítica como un dúo perjudicial para los bienes comunes; 2) Estudiar los mecanismos biopolíticos para gestionar, proteger y promover los bienes comunes a través de la salud como derecho humano; 3) Analizar la posibilidad de reconocer la salud como un bien común desde la fraternidad. La base teórica es la Metateoría del Derecho Fraternal. La investigación se produce mediante el método deductivo y análisis bibliográfico. Ante el reconocimiento de la salud como un bien común, surge la pregunta: ¿puede la fraternidad perfeccionar la construcción de espacios comunes compartidos para la realización de los derechos humanos? Parece que la fraternidad tiene el potencial de que la incorporación social proporcione un terreno común para realizar el derecho humano a la salud.
A proteção da liberdade animal: uma específica análise sobre a (im)possibilidade do Habeas Corpus para chimpanzés
Authors: Cavalcante Leitão Santos Bruno , França Júnior Francisco de Assis de , Silva Júnior José Ailton da
Published: December 2024

o presente artigo tem como objetivo principal avaliar a (im)possibilidade de utilização do Habeas Corpus como instrumento processual na defesa da liberdade de animais não humanos, muito especialmente em favor de chimpanzés. A hipótese central é a de que, confirmando-se o número de projetos legislativos propostos no Congresso Nacional do Brasil para fazer com que os animais não humanos sejam encarados como sujeitos de direitos, ficaria cada vez mais insustentável o argumento de que apenas os seres humanos poderiam se beneficiar da eventual utilização de um Habeas Corpus. A problemática, portanto, consiste no questionamento sobre se poderiam os animais não humanos figurar como pacientes na impetração desse instrumento processual? O método utilizado é o hipotético-dedutivo, com a coleta de dados junto à literatura pertinente, que apresenta argumentos pertinentes a sua possibilidade.
E-DEVLET (DİJİTAL DEVLET) ALANINDAKİ SAYISAL UÇURUM KONULARINA YÖNELİK ÇALIŞMALARIN BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZİ
Authors: Saylam Ayşegül
Published: December 2024

Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan gelişmeler, e-devlet sistemlerini yaygınlaştırarak birçok hizmetin dijital platformlar aracılığı ile sunulmasına yol açmıştır. Bu yaygınlaşma ile birlikte birçok ülkede sayısal uçurum önemli bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da e-devlet ve sayısal uçurum alanındaki literatürü anlamak, araştırma eğilimlerini belirlemek, anahtar temaları saptamak, araştırma alanlarını ortaya çıkarmak, literatürün zaman içindeki değişimini anlamaktır. Bu amaçla ilgili literatürün betimsel, kavramsal, sosyal ve entelektüel yapısına yönelik bibliyometrik analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) tekniği kullanılarak tespit edilen Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) veri tabanındaki 469 çalışma, R istatistik programı aracılığı ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma verileri, özellikle e-devlet alanındaki kamu hizmetlerine yönelik sayısal uçurum konusu hakkındaki çalışmalara, politika yapıcı ve uygulayıcılarına kılavuzluk ve dayanak noktası olmayı hedeflemektedir.
How ideologists define ideology: A. G. Dugin
Authors:   Saratov State University, Saratov State Law Academy, Suslov Ivan V. , Tikhonova Sophia V. ,   Saratov State University, South Ural State University (National Research University)
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Ideology as a category of political philosophy in a digital society cannot be defined neutrally and autonomously from
the activities of its defining subject. Theoretical analysis. Using the example of a specific system of views, the authors show the inevitability of
the ideological character and the ideological bias of the concept of ideology. Considering A. G. Dugin’s textbook “Philosophy of Politics”, they try to identify the line beyond which philosophical research goes beyond the criteria of scientific academic objectivity and submits to the task of
constructing its own worldview system, which includes the author’s political ideal. The doctrinal analysis of the work under consideration shows
the elimination of the concept of ideology from its didactic units, although the traditional programs of this academic discipline contain it. The
authors establish the dominance of a broad approach to understanding political philosophy in this work, which allowed its author to “dissolve”
ideology in the content of the political and de facto identify ideology and politics. In this case, ideology loses its role as a methodological conceptual
tool and transforms into an element of living thinking. An ideologist is identified as a person who directs his intellectual effort to maintain the
probabilistic nature of politics as an area of maximum realization of human essence. Conclusion. The identification of ideology and politics is a
way of distancing oneself from competing projects of the philosophy of politics, defining them as non-essential and therefore not corresponding
to the meaning and purpose of politics.
Propensity to expensive purchases and subjective economic well-being of young people
Authors:   Saratov State University, Suchkov Egor D.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The phenomenon of consumer behavior has been studied to a greater extent on the example of youth, since they
represent one of the most numerous socio-demographic groups in terms of composition and are the main source of relevant information and
a resource for the development of the modern world. The relevance of this research lies in the insufficient study of the factors of propensity to
purchase expensive goods. The purpose of the work is to study the relationship between the need for expensive purchases and the economic
well-being of young people. Theoretical analysis. A comparative analysis revealed the relationship between the indicators of propensity to
expensive purchases and subjective economic well-being. Empirical analysis to conduct an empirical study, 300 questionnaires were distributed
among young people aged 18 to 30 years in order to study consumer activity. Factorial and correlation analyses allowed us to identify three main
factors (the desire for functionally significant acquisitions, the desire to acquire the attributes of hobbies and the desire for prestige attributes)
characterizing the need for expensive purchases. Conclusion. The results of the research have shown that the desire to possess expensive goods
is determined mainly by three factors. At the same time, when buying expensive goods, modern Russian youth places the main emphasis (24%
of the total variance) on their functional component.
Scientific and methodological foundations for the formation and development of inclusive education in the scientific and educational complex
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University after V. P. Astafyev, Ilyin Andrey S.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Creating conditions for every citizen to receive a quality education is one of the priority government tasks. One of the
ways to solve this problem is the inclusive transformation of education. At the same time, in pedagogical science there is a problem of insufficient theoretical and methodological justification for the formation and development of inclusive education, which leads to a variety of inclusive
educational practices and sometimes their low effectiveness. Theoretical analysis. The analysis of scientific works made it possible to clarify the
content of the main categories of the research and reveal the essence of the scientific and educational complex. The novelty of our research lies
in the comprehensive substantiation of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the research subject at various levels of methodological knowledge, which are represented by the philosophical directions of existentialism and constructivism, ecosystem, phenomenological,
anthropological, systems-mental-activity and synergetic approaches. It is shown that inclusive education in terms of the scale of transformation corresponds to a collective subject of activity. Conclusion. As a result of the study, the theoretical and conceptual foundations have been
substantiated and the essential characteristics of the formation and development of inclusive education have been identified. It has been proven
that to ensure these processes a collective subject of activity is necessary. The task of forming inclusive thinking and inclusive culture of the
professional teaching community becomes paramount.
On improving the pension system in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Milshin Yuri N.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Pension legislation has undergone major changes over the past two decades. The changes were aimed at improving
the quality of well-being of citizens of retirement age. At the same time, the uncodified and unsystematic nature of pension legislation creates
certain obstacles to the realization of the pension rights. The pension legislation system needs fundamental changes to ensure effective social
guarantees for pensioners. Theoretical analysis. Modern pension legislation requires fundamental study and systematization, which makes it
possible to establish uniform principles of pension provision. The uniform requirements should equally protect the pension rights of all citizens.
The development of pension legislation should be based on the principle of fair pension payments. The author considered the features of pension
provision for certain categories of subjects and the positive experience of foreign countries. Empirical analysis. The research revealed that the
problems of modern pension legislation are manifested in the absence of a systematic approach to the development of theoretical provisions and
legal mechanisms to ensure the social security of pensioners. The complexity and unpredictability of pension legislation leads to the unwillingness of potential pensioners to pay taxes in good faith and earn retirement experience. Results. The study yielded the justification of the need to
codify the current pension legislation, develop common principles of pension provision, taking into account the fair contribution of a person to
all spheres of society. The adoption of the Pension Code of the Russian Federation was justified.
Nutritional Benefits of Saccostrea cucullata: Potential Role in Human Health
Authors: Zirrahi Zinat , Khoshnood Mohammad Javad , Kowsarinejad Abdolmajid , Rahmanifar Farhad , Hashemi Alireza , Ahmadi Masoumeh , Tanideh Nader
Published: December 2024

Saccostrea cucullata, a species of bivalve mollusk native to the Persian Gulf, is highly prized for its nutritional richness and rapid growth, making it a valuable species for aquaculture. Despite its abundance and potential in the Persian Gulf, the aquaculture industry has faced challenges due to limited understanding of its biology and genetics. This review consolidates current knowledge on the life cycle, reproduction, and environmental factors influencing the growth and nutritional quality of Saccostrea cucullata. It examines the impact of climate variations and identifies key challenges. Strategies such as closed-system cultivation, selective breeding, and genetic enhancement aimed at producing triploid oysters are discussed, focusing on improving desirable traits such as growth rate, disease resistance, and nutritional content. Enhancing these aspects can lead to increased production of nutrient-rich Saccostrea cucullata, thereby advancing the nutritional benefits and sustainability of aquaculture.
Ligand-based Exosome Affinity Purification (LEAP) Column Chromatography: A Tool for Clinical Applications
Authors: Mussin Nadiar M. , Baspakova Akmaral , Zhilisbayeva Kulyash R. , Mousavi Seyyed Mojtaba , Shirazi Reza , Umbetova Aigerim A. , Tamadon Amin
Published: December 2024

Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles that play essential roles in intercellular communication, carrying biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs that can influence physiological and pathological processes. The isolation of pure exosomes is critical for both basic research and clinical applications, including diagnostics and therapeutics. Traditional exosome isolation techniques, such as ultracentrifugation, lack specificity and may yield impure samples, making the need for advanced isolation techniques evident. Ligand-based exosome affinity purification (LEAP) column chromatography has emerged as a novel method that utilizes specific ligands targeting exosome surface markers, providing a highly specific, gentle, and scalable approach to exosome isolation. This mini review explores LEAP chromatography’s mechanism, benefits, and potential for clinical applications, emphasizing its g.rowing importance in exosome-based diagnostics and therapies.
Resynchronizing Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (CRT-D) for Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Aringazina Raisa A. , Khamidulla Bulat Kh. , Abenova Nurgul , Muradymova Amaliia R. , Mehmedali Eda , Stachova Petra , Gaisiyeva Zhanylsyn
Published: December 2024

A cardiacresynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) corrects intracardiac mechanical dyssynchrony by pacing the right and left ventricles synchronized with the atrial rhythm. The CRT-D implantable cardioverter defibrillator is used in chronic heart failure (CHF) because patients with heart failure have a poor prognosis, with mortality rates averaging 15–60% per year. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator CRT-D improves the functional state of the heart and increases left ventricular systolic dysfunction.The purpose of the study wasto evaluate the effect of the implantable cardioverterdefibrillator CRT-D device on left ventricular function in patients with CHF.We selected patients with NYHA class III or IV heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 35%, and internal QRS complex duration of more than 150 ms for CRTD implantation among patients hospitalized in the cardiology department of Aktobe Medical Center (AMC) in Aktobe, Kazakhstan, from 2022 to 2023. Total 60 patients were monitored for 48 weeks with an assessment of left ventricular function after CRT-D implantation. At 48 weeks after implantation of the ventricular assist device, significant treatment outcomes were observed (p=0.001): physical tolerance increased from 268 m to 326 m within 6 minutes of the test and LV ejection fraction (EF,%) from 33 to 37% and decrease in QRSms duration from 154 to 128ms .Also, EDV/EDS (ml/cm) decreased from 249 to 160 mL/174 to 110cm. There was a correlation between EDS (cm) and 6MWD (m) levels (r=0.376; p=0.001). Thus, patients with CHF who were implanted with the CRT-D device showed improvement in left ventricular function.
Incidence of Postdural Puncture Headache With 25G Quincke Needle Versus 25G Whitacre Needle After Spinal Anesthesia for Caesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: J Hymavathi , Tehoor Raafia , PV Shiva , B Lavanya
Published: December 2024

Background: Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is the renowned complication from spinal anesthesia in caesarean section (C-section). Advancements in modifications to needle gauge and needle tip over the past five decades have led to a significant reduction in PDPH incidence. The present study aimed to compare the Whitacre needle with the Quincke needle in reducing the PDPH incidence in subjects undergoing Csection.
Methodology: A tertiary care hospital recruited 100 patients, who were randomly divided into two groups, with 50 in each group. The patient’s age range was between 18 and 35 years and ASA grades I and II. The 25G-Quincke needle was used for Group A, and the 25G-Whitacre needle was used for Group B patients during C-section. The number of incidences, attempts, demographics, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, and efficacy data were analyzed to prevent the PDPH instances. The results were compared statistically by an unpaired t-test for continuous normal data and a Mann–Whitney U test for continuous nonnormal data. The comparison between the two groups was done by the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical data.
Results: Among the 100 patients, no statistical significance was observed in demographic data, heart rate (HR), or mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in both groups at different time points. A significant difference between different days and PDPH was seen in group A, and no difference was observed in group B. PDPH severity was higher in group A than in group B. The duration of PDPH between 24 and 48 hours was longer in group A than group B. The number of spinal anesthesia attempts was higher in Group A (94%) than in Group B (86%).
Conclusion: The present study concludes that the PDPH incidence rate with 25G Whitacre needles was less compared to 25G Quincke needles. Thus, the pencil-point needle can be used regularly for C-section spinal anesthesia subjects.
Interleukin-6 Inhibitor Olokizumab in Hospitalized Adults with Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Single Center Observational Study
Authors: Topolyanskaya Svetlana V , S.A. Rachina , Lytkina Karine A. , Melkonyan Georgiy G. , Savochkina Yulia A
Published: December 2024

A single-center observational study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the interleukin-6 inhibitor olokizumab in hospitalized adults with moderate COVID-19. This study enrolled 337 patients aged from 22 to 96 years old. After the administration of olokizumab, there was a significant reduction in body temperature, decrease in CRP, and an increase in the levels of blood cells. Revealed clinical improvement was seen in 69.7% of cases, 8.5% of patients showed deterioration in their condition and were transferred to the ICU, 13.6% died. Olokizumab was well tolerated except for slight elevation in live enzymes, such as aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase.
Social media disagreement and financial markets: A comparison of stocks and Bitcoin
Authors: Akarsu Sergen , Yilmaz Neslihan
Published: December 2024

We examine whether disagreement in social media discussions related to financial markets affects subsequent volatility and abnormal trading volume. We also compare how traditional and digital asset markets differ by comparing stocks and Bitcoin. We show that social media disagreement is positively associated with future market volatility and abnormal trading volume in the stock market. The effect of disagreement is more pronounced at the individual stock level than at the index level. A higher level of social media disagreement also increases the probability of extremely negative stock market returns. In contrast, disagreement in Bitcoin-related social media weakly affects subsequent volatility but does not affect trading volume or extremely negative returns. Our findings also reveal that market activity impacts the disagreement in the stock market and Bitcoin communities differently.
The Effect of Viburnum opulus L. Fruit Extract on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.) Under Salt Stress Conditions
Authors: Altuntaş Cansu
Published: December 2024

Guelder rose (Viburnum opulus L.) is recognized as a valuable medicinal and nutritional plant. Traditionally, Viburnum opulus (VO) has been used to treat various health conditions, including coughs, colds, tuberculosis, rheumatic pain, ulcers, gastrointestinal disorders, and renal issues. The beneficial health effects of Viburnum opulus are largely attributed to its antioxidant properties, which have been demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. However, no research has investigated its specific effects on seed germination, yet. Salt stress is a significant environmental factor that negatively affects plant growth and development. In this study, the effects of Viburnum opulus fruit extract (VO FE) at four different concentrations (125, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/ml) on maize (Zea mays L.) seed germination and seedling growth under 300 mM NaCl (severe salt stress) were investigated. Germination percentage (GP), germination rate index (GRI), germination energy (GE), mean germination time (MGT), seed vigor (SV), shoot weight (SW), shoot length (SL), root weight (RW), root length (RL), and hypocotyl length (HL) were measured to evaluate the effects of VO FE on maize performance. The results revealed that under salt stress conditions, treatments of 500 and 1000 VO FE µg/ml had an adverse effect on germination and growth, while 125 µg/ml VO FE treatment showed no statistically significant improvement compared to salt stress alone. However, the 250 µg/ml VO FE treatment significantly improved germination and growth parameters restricted by salt stress. The 250 µg/ml VO FE treatment increased GP, GRI, GE, and SV by 19.6%, 31.27%, 15.28%, and 32.8%, respectively, while MGT decreased by 7.24% under salt stress. Regarding growth parameters, SFW and SL were increased by 5.69% and 87.5%, respectively, and RFW and RL were increased by 15.5% and 37.4%, respectively. Additionally, HL increased by 18.46% with the treatment of 250 µg/ml VO FE. Based on these findings, this study demonstrates that pretreatment with 250 µg/ml Viburnum opulus fruit extract significantly enhanced seed germination and plant growth in maize and improved tolerance to salt stress, making it a promising approach for mitigating the effects of salinity on crop performance.
Therapeutic Effects of Trolox and Neocuproine on Experimental Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats
Authors: Yaman Selma , Akçay Güven , Yesilyurt Fatma
Published: December 2024

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Trolox and neocuproine treatment in an experimental rat model of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Material and Methods: Forty rats were grouped as Control, TBI, Trolox, and neocuproine. After the Marmarou Weight Drop Model was used to create TBI, 80 mg/kg/day Trolox (i.p.), and 100 μM/day Neocuproine (i.p.) treatments were applied in the 2nd hour. Open field, attention, and short-term memory novel object recognition tests were performed to measure locomotor activity. IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β levels in the hippocampus tissues of the rats were analyzed by the ELISA method.
Results: Open field and novel object recognition test results showed that the total path traveled was significantly decreased in the TBI group compared to the control group (p<0.001). A significant increase in locomotor functions was observed in the Trolox (p=0.018) and neocuproine (p=0.002) groups compared to TBI. Short-term memory test results decreased in TBI compared to control (p<0.001), while they increased in the Trolox and neocuproine groups compared to TBI (both p<0.001). Hippocampus IL-1β (p=0.012) and TNF-α (p=0.011) levels increased, while IL-10 (p=0.031) and TGF-β (p=0.007) levels decreased compared to control in the TBI group. While all proinflammatory cytokine levels decreased, antiinflammatory cytokine levels increased in the Trolox and neocuproine groups compared to TBI.
Conclusion: The present findings showed that Trolox and neocuproine treatments in TBI provided significant improvements in short-term memory, and locomotor activity levels by reducing proinflammatory cytokine production, and increasing antiinflammatory cytokine production.
Conscious and Correct Use of Biostatistical Methods in Medical Researches: From Planning to Reporting the Results - Part II
Authors: Sungur Mehmet Ali , Karabulut Erdem
Published: December 2024

In this part of the review, statistical tests utilized to examine hypotheses regarding population parameters on a representative sample, which forms the fundamentals of inferential statistics are discussed. The selection of an appropriate statistical test by verifying its assumptions and interpreting the results objectively is crucial for obtaining accurate conclusions. Understanding the terms related to type I and type II errors, p-value, power of the study, effect size, and confidence interval will contribute to the correct interpretation of both the results obtained from statistical tests in scientific research and the findings of articles read from the literature. In addition to univariate tests, the three most commonly employed multiple regression models are also addressed to control for the effect of potential confounding factors and other independent variables utilized in the study. Statistical computing has become much more accessible in recent times, with researchers having access to freeware packages or web applications to perform basic and advanced statistical analyses. Researchers frequently focus on the calculation of statistical tests used in data analysis, whereas, understanding the rationale behind statistical methods should be the primary goal. Therefore, this review emphasizes the logic of selecting appropriate statistical methods and interpreting the results rather than mathematical calculations. It is essential to recognize that biostatistical principles should be considered not only in the data analysis phase but also in all phases of research, from planning to report writing. It should be note that, no statistical analysis method can correct erroneous data obtained from a poorly designed study.
Unintentionality in Polish Criminal Law
Authors: Kowalewska-Łukuć Magdalena
Published: December 2024

Unintentionality is still a relevant research problem in Polish criminal law. This article is a modest attempt to answer the key questions of unintentionality, i.e. how the volitional and cognitive element is shaped in each form of unintentionality; whether unconscious unintentionality has such elements at all, or whether it is a facade of the subjective side and leads, in fact, to objective responsibility; how to correctly draw the line between conscious and unconscious unintentionality, and what the boundary between unintentionality and intentionality in general looks like.
The “Doctrine” of Law in Israel
Authors: Levin Natali
Published: December 2024

This article examines the doctrine of law in Israel, highlighting the integration of various legal influences, particularly the significant role of British legal traditions in shaping the legal framework. Despite the absence of a formal written constitution, Israel’s Basic Laws serve as a constitutional foundation that guides governance and protects individual rights. The legal system reflects a unique blend of the Jewish law, the British common law, and modern statutory law, creating a dynamic and distinctive legal framework. The article provides a comparative analysis of Israel’s legal system in relation to the British law and the Jewish law, emphasising the implications of not having a singular constitution and the importance of the Basic Laws in safeguarding rights. Overall, the article contributes valuable insights into the complexities of Israel’s legal landscape, particularly the balance between secular and religious influences, making it relevant for scholars, practitioners, and those interested in the intersection of law and society.
The Role of Court Experts in Protecting the Interest of the Child in Domestic Civil Procedures
Authors: Michałowska Danuta Anna
Published: December 2024

In court procedures, the role of court experts and their opinions is important for the final decisions. It is generally accepted that the court appoints experts and makes decisions based on – among other things – specialised expertise and opinions of these experts. Court experts’ knowledge differs from that of judges. It is worth analysing the intersections between these two types of knowledge. In this context, special attention is to be paid to the position and status of the child in court proceedings in family matters. The main purpose of this article is to examine the role of court experts in safeguarding children’s best interests in civil procedures within the family matters context, which can help to improve the understanding of and trust in court experts’ contribution from the institutional and societal perspective.
Research Freedom and Access to Knowledge in Archaeological Research on Human Remains: Legal and Extra-Legal Perspectives
Authors: Mazur Paweł , Nowak Ewa
Published: December 2024

Present-day bioarchaeology of human remains has a complex, normative foundations, and this results in a nearly paradigmatic shift in research conducted in that discipline of science. This article first introduces the manifold non-scientific significance of human remains and mortuary sites and the essentials of bioarchaeological research as well. It subsequently examines the concept of research freedom in the context of international and domestic regulations. Each state regulates bioarchaeological research distinctly. The article outlines a diplomatic pathway for undertaking research abroad. We then examine (de)colonial, indigenous, religious, and political contexts in which extra-legal regulations on the study of human remains also gain validity. This leads to a normative pluralism, the sources and justification of which we analyse and examplify. Such a pluralism unveils the deficits of positive legal regulation in the various contexts of discussed research. Our article is to support researchers in dealing with normative challenges – legal and extralegal – when it comes to undertaking research on human remains.
Trypanosomiasis in Wild Animals of Tropical and Sub-tropical Region: A Review
Authors: Shekhar Pallav , Kumar Mritunjay , Singh Vivek Kumar , Kumar Ajit , Das Arvind Kumar , Singh Gyan Dev , Sarma Kalyan , . Namrata
Published: December 2024

Trypanosomiasis is a frequently reported disease in wild and domestic animals and it is a major cause of death in them. It has been detected in most wild species, including deer, elephants, capybaras, jaguars, tigers, lions and other species of domestic animals commonly known as surra in tropical and sub-tropical countries. It causes tremendous economic loss due to illness, decreased productivity, reduced weight gain, decreased milk yield and productivity and death in domestic and wild animals. Early detection and effective management strategies are crucial for controlling the spread of the disease and minimizing its impact on wildlife populations. By providing comprehensive information, such a review article can serve as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners working in the field of wildlife health and conservation. The data from several article related with trypanosomiasis in wild animals were collected between a period of 1971 to 2022. Out of several article dealing with trypanosmiasis in wild animals, seventy-five articles are included as references for the compilation of this review. The article selected for this review are dealing about various aspects of trypanosomiasis in wild animals. The academic research databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science direct etc besides google search engine was used for the selection of various article by using key words viz., trypanosomiasis, prevalence, wild animals, tropical trypanosomiasis, oxidative stress, anaemia, trypanocides etc. The article directly or indirectly related to wildlife trypanosomiasis were selected for this review. The prevalence of trypanosomiasis were reported in various species of wild animals viz., Tigers, Antelopes, Vampire birds, Deer, Shamber, Elephants etc. Transmission of trypanosomiasis to wild animals is comparatively easier in comparison to other animals as it may get infected either by biting flies or by ingesting infected flesh. Pathogenesis of trypanosomiasis in wild animals are mostly associated with cutaneous lesions, anaemia, emaciation, neuropathy, oxidative stressand lymphadenopathy.
Entre gritos y silencios. Acerca de la narrativa de Andrea Jeftanovic
Authors: Vila María del Pilar
Published: December 2024

Este artículo abordará algunos textos de la escritora chilena Andrea Jeftanovic. Se focaliza en No aceptes caramelos de extraños, pero también aborda aspectos relacionados con interrupciones de la vida democrática y sus traumáticas consecuencias presentes en Escenario de guerra. El análisis de estos libros permite visualizar la consideración de Jeftanovic del lugar que ocupa la mujer en la sociedad, y, asociado con la violencia y la mujer, revisa datos provenientes de la Historia, en especial de la dictadura, o de los mayores para considerar el tratamiento del tema de la memoria. Atiende, además, conceptos generados por la emergencia de la Nueva Narrativa Chilena. Se tuvieron en cuenta los aportes teóricos de Grínor Rojo, Rodrigo Cánovas, Patricia Espinosa, Macarena Areco, Marianne Hirsch y Elizabeth Jelin, entre otros, los que contribuyen a confirmar el carácter central de estos tópicos en la narrativa de Jeftanovic.
Representaciones de una sexualidad femenina disidente: el caso de la novela Tocar a Diana (2019), de Anacristina Rossi
Authors: González Hernández Carlos Andrés
Published: December 2024

Este artículo explora el dominio sociocultural que ejerce la familia tradicional, como centro neurálgico del poder, sobre la sexualidad femenina de sus integrantes. Esta investigación, de corte cualitativo, ahonda en cómo el personaje principal busca emanciparse de un modelo heteropatriarcal que no le permite deleitarse con su propio cuerpo en su vida cotidiana. Para ello, se emplearán aproximaciones teóricas sobre el discurso pospornográfico de Eugenia Stracalli, Alonso Brenes, Laura Milano y Édgar Rodríguez. Con respecto al entramado del poder nos valdremos de Michel Foucault, Teun. A. Van Dijk y Judith Butler, entre otros teóricos. Entre los resultados preliminares de este artículo tenemos que esta novela costarricense ultracontemporánea, reivindica la posición de la mujer como un ser que desea apropiarse de su goce sexual y no estar encadenada a un paradigma machista tajante que le impone las normas para desenvolverse en una sociedad conservadora que reduce el placer sexual femenino al ámbito conyugal únicamente.