bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability Study of Belarus Tractor in Bangladesh
Authors: Ziauddin Dr. A.T.M. , Hossain Md. Mosharraf , Huq M.M.
Published: July 2024

The reliability engineering concept and its application to farm machinery were reviewed. A method of estimating the reliability parameter to agricultural tractor (Belarus) were discussed. The method used field data for estimation of parameters value for the reliability function. The Weibull distribution model with a shape parameter of 1.13 and scale parameter of 163.53 and location parameter of zero adequately represented the reliability function of Belarus tractors being used in Panchagarh Sugar Mills, Panchagarh. Reliability of an agricultural machine, such as tractor, is of help to farmers in purchasing and to manufacturers in producing more reliable machines.
Development and Evaluation of a Chopping Machine for Animal Feed
Authors: Ziauddin Dr. A.T.M. , Huq M.M. , Roy Poritosh
Published: July 2024

A manually operated chopping machine was designed, developed and tested for chopping animal feeds. The capacity of the machine was determined for chopping straw. German grass and Napier grass were compared with traditional chopping (chopping with sickle) method. The machine could chop straw at a capacity of 32.21 kg/hr to 55.36 kg/hr. The average capacity for German grass and Napier grass were 123.48 kg/hr and 171.546 kg/hr, respectively. This machine was capable of chopping 2 to 3 times higher than that of chopping by sickle. Also, it was capable to control the length of chopped straw according to requirement. The performance tests indicate that the facility could be used in the farm level with high satisfaction.
Development and Evaluation of a Hand Operated Fruit Juice Extractor
Authors: Alam Md. Tofsirul , Ziauddin A.T.M.
Published: July 2024

A hand operated jack friut juice extrator was developed. It was fabricated with a metallic cylinderical container perforated at the bottom with 2.38 mm size holes. The hole to hole distance was maintained to 3.18 mm. A round plate was made and attached to a handle to move up and down inside the container. Four fruits and vegetable such as pineapple, tomato, lemon, and jack fruit were chosen for performance test of the extractor. The juice yields (%) for pineapple, tomato, lemon and jackfruit were found 58%, 52.8%, 22.8% and 45%, respectively. The cost of fabrication of the extractor was Tk. 150 only. The device may be very useful for extraction of juice of other similar fruits and vegetables.
Performance of Draught Animal and Harnessing System
Authors: Miah Md. Hanif , Shirin A.K.M. , Sarker R.I.
Published: July 2024

Bullock, buffalo, cow and ox are commonly used as draught animals in developing south and south east Asian and some African countries. In most situations, draught animals are a more appropriate power source for the farmers. Traditionally a yoke is used to take off power from the animal' neck. Compared to tractor power very little work has been done on animal draught power and harnessing systems, their design and testing, and the economics of using draught animals. Some of the recent work on animal draught power and harnessing systems are mentioned and potential of research areas are identified.
An Empirical Study for Maximizing the Efficiency of Traditional Wood Stove
Authors: Hossain M. M. , Razzaque M.A.
Published: July 2024

A series of experiments were conducted on the 3-stone single mouth type traditional chula to determine the heat utilization efficiency (HUE) varying the hearth diameter, hearth height and stone height. The effect of the variation of the dimension on the HUE was tested statistically. The best dimension combination of hearth height and stone height for each hearth diameter size of chula was determined.
Revised Energy Model for an Agricultural Unit
Authors: Hafizuddin M. , Huq A. M. Z.
Published: July 2024

By means of setting up appropriate energy models, the input-output relationship in economic terms can be obtained which is one of the most effective ways of evaluating and improving farm activities in rural areas in any region. In this paper, an energy model for agricultural units for Bangladesh, proposed earlier by some research workers in this area, is scrutinized and some modifications are suggested. To calculate the farm surplus income which ultimately contributes to "quality of life" of the farmers, the units of the revised energy model which lead to the farm income and farm expenditure are clearly pointed out.
Grand-multiparity and its impact on delivery outcomes: A ten-year retrospective study at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano
Authors: Adeyemi MT  , Adamou N  , Omeje I  , Muhammad ID
Published: July 2024

Background: Grandmultiparity, defined as having given birth to the fifth to ninth child, and great grandmultiparity, involving ten or more childbirths, present obstetric challenges due to their association with high-risk pregnancies. Adverse outcomes can strain resources and healthcare systems. This retrospective study examines the delivery outcomes of grandmultiparous women at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital over a decade.
Methods: A retrospective analysis covered January 2012 to December 2021, involving women who delivered at the hospital. Data, including socio-reproductive characteristics, mode of delivery, complications, and outcomes, were extracted from records. SPSS version 25 was used for statistical analysis (p < 0.05).
Results: Grandmultiparous women accounted for 8.4% of parturients, primarily aged 30-39 (76.8%) with parity ranging from 5 to 9 (90.9%). Approximately 52% received antenatal care at the hospital or peripheral facilities. Most (73.2%) had spontaneous vaginal deliveries, 25.2% underwent cesarean sections, and 1.6% had instrumental deliveries. Complications included postpartum hemorrhage (27.6%), hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (19.9%), and malpresentation (7.2%). Neonatal outcomes revealed 21.8% low birth weight, 9.6% macrosomic infants, and 6.2% birth asphyxia.
Conclusion: The study highlights that grandmultiparity remains evident among parturients in tertiary hospitals, primarily in older and less educated women. It underscores the need for vigilant antenatal care to mitigate associated risks and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Tailored interventions for grandmultiparous women are essential to ensure their well-being and that of their newborns in high-risk pregnancies.
The effect of on-job training of employee empowerment
Authors: Abedi Noorullah , Kabiri Maria
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of on job training on the employee’s empowerment of education department in Nimruz Province. This research is practical in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of method, the primary data was collected through questionnaire and was analyzed by SPSS program. Cronbach's alpha was found o.926 which it shows a strong reliability of the instrument. Also, the validity of the questionnaire has been confirmed by a number of experts in the field of economics. To conduct this research, among 130 employees of education department in Nimruz province, 97 people have been randomly selected. The results show that the variables of attitudinal training, knowledge training and skill training have a positive and significant effect on the level of employee empowerment. The research results show that skill training has the greatest effect of 0.409 and attitude training has the least effect of 0.282 on employee empowerment.
The Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Deterring U.S. Hegemony in Asia
Authors: Hasin Basir Ahmad
Published: July 2024

The fall of the former Soviet Union led to a power vacuum in the Asian region, particularly in Central Asia, which allowed for the penetration of extraregional powers, including the United States, through economic and military assistance and the use of NATO as a tool. This expansionism by the U.S. has been a source of constant concern for regional countries. In response, one of the organizations inherently inclined to compete against U.S. unilateralism was established. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was formed as a soft balance against U.S. hegemony in the international system. The main question of this research is: How does the SCO operate to counter U.S. hegemony in the region? The authors hypothesize that the SCO, based on a security and political approach and with the presence of powerful countries such as China and Russia, strives to limit the U.S. role in the region. The non-membership of the U.S. in this organization has afforded the SCO a special status. To achieve the research objective, a descriptive-analytical method and library tools were used for data collection. The findings indicate that the powerful countries in the region have defined the establishment of the SCO as an alternative to U.S. unilateralism.
A Study on the Impact of Capacity Building Programs by Private Higher Education Institutions on the Performance of Employees in Government Organizations
Authors: Ansary kargar Alireza , Sadeed Nazir Ahmad , Fazl Shamsullhaq
Published: July 2024

This research aims to examine the impact of capacity building programs on the organizational performance of government employees in Herat province. The study seeks to provide an in-depth understanding of this phenomenon and answers the question of whether programs designed to enhance the capabilities and skills of government employees, offered by private higher education institutions, have influenced various functional aspects of their work. The hypothesis of this research is that these programs have had a positive and significant impact on the organizational performance of government employees. Data were collected and analyzed using quantitative methods and questionnaires. Statistical analysis, derived from the distribution of questionnaires to 266 managers and employees of government departments in Herat province, shows that among the components of organizational performance, which include ability, perception and cognition, organizational support, motivation, performance feedback, legitimacy (employee-related regulations), and environmental fit, the component of legitimacy regarding employee-related regulations had the most influence. Conversely, capacity building programs played the least role in influencing organizational support. This study can be useful and guiding for organizational managers, educational policy designers, and human resource development professionals.
Neshuzat and Its Solutions from the Perspective of Quranic Verses
Authors: Salim Abdul Rahman
Published: July 2024

The real life of people prove that in some cases, despite all the guarantees and preventive plans, the family still collapses and is destroyed. These incidents and events This show that we should be realistic and consider life in accordance with the objective facts, that is, when the continuation of married life becomes impossible, Ignoring these differences and ignoring them is futile and useless, maintaining such a life and marriage is considered futile and baseless. It is on this principle that with the fulfillment of the terms of the marriage contract between a man and a woman, they acquire rights towards each other, and the realization of these rights is closely related to the fulfillment of the terms of that contract, and if these conditions are not fulfilled, each of The parties may have considerations regarding the payment of other rights, which in some cases will cause these rights to fall. In Islamic jurisprudence, non-compliance with rights and responsibilities on the part of the wife has been interpreted as neshuzat, and the manifestations of Neshuzat include: The disobedience of the wife and leaving the house without the husband's consent, and the woman's disobedience to the legitimate wishes of the man can be counted. But Islam does not want the husband and wife to ignore their lives with the slightest difference and If the issue goes beyond love and hatred and reaches a conflict, divorce is not the first solution, but efforts should be made to preserve the family and try to reconcile the couple.
Visual Outcome of Occlusion Therapy in Anisometropic Amblyopia
Authors: Mohammad Mostafizur Rahman
Published: July 2024

Background: Amblyopia is a common visual disorder in children, often treated with occlusion therapy. This study aimed to assess the visual outcomes following occlusion therapy in children with anisometropic amblyopia, focusing on improvements in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over a six-month period.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2015 to August 2015. Participants underwent occlusion therapy, where the better-seeing eye was covered for varying durations based on initial BCVA. Visual acuity was measured using the Snellen chart and converted to logMAR units at baseline, and after 1, 3, and 6 months of therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation test.
Results: The mean BCVA improved significantly from 0.88±0.28 at baseline to 0.55±0.21 after 1 month, 0.42±0.15 after 3 months, and 0.23±0.12 after 6 months (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Among the participants, 68% had hypermetropia, 22% had astigmatism, and 10% had myopia. The majority of participants (68%) had anisometropic amblyopia in the right eye. The age distribution was 32% aged 5-7 years, 47% aged 8-9 years, and 21% aged 10-11 years, with a mean age of 8.64 years. Gender distribution was 64% male and 36% female.
Conclusion: Occlusion therapy significantly improves visual acuity in children with anisometropic amblyopia, with early and consistent treatment yielding the best results. These findings support the continued use of occlusion therapy as an effective treatment modality, even when initiated later in childhood. Future research should explore long-term outcomes and complementary treatment approaches.
Coexistence d’un hématome sous dural chronique et un empyème sous-dural controlatéral : à propos d’un cas
Authors: THIAM Alioune Badara
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Chronic sub-dural hematoma and subdural empyema are well known neurosurgical pathologies. Their coexistence is rare. The authors refered a case and discussed the various causes with a review of the literature. Comments : This is a 73 year-old woman, with a history of Alzheimer’s disease and cerebrovascular accident (CVA) treated with Salicylate acid 100 mg / day, who presented disturbance of consciousness and right hemiparesis. No notion of fever or head injury was founded. A Computed tomography (CT) scan without injection of contrast evoked the diagnosis of bilateral chronic subdural hematoma. The patient underwent surgery in emergency for neurological deterioration. After completion of two parietal burr holes from both sides and opening the dura, it was founded a chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) on the left and a thick hard inflammatory membrane on the right, which contained a purulent material. Culture revealed Escherichia coli. Conclusion: Subdural empyema resulting from hematogenous seeding into a preexisting subdural hematoma is very rare. Key words : Subdural hematoma, subdural empyema, bacterial translocation
De L’universalisation De La Langue Française À L’allocentrisme Dans Le Discours De Nicolas Sarkozy À L’occasion Du 40ème Anniversaire De La Francophonie
Authors: VOKENG NGNINTEDEM Guilioh Merlain
Published: July 2024

Dans son ouvrage intitulé France, Algérie et colonies2, Onésime Reclus a inventé les mots francophone et francophonie. Ces néologismes à forte coloration colonialiste ont sombré dans l’oubli en même temps que leur créateur pendant près d’un siècle. On préférait cependant utiliser les circonlocutions : « de langue française », « d’expression française », « partiellement ou entièrement de langue française » jusqu’à ce que les journalistes et les hommes politiques remettent ces termes au goût du jour après le premier Sommet de l’organisation correspondante à Paris en 1986. Ainsi, la première définition de la « francophonie » est l’œuvre d’Onésime Reclus, frère du célèbre géographe Élisée Reclus. Géographe comme son frère, il voulait regrouper sous ce terme l’ensemble des pays et des populations qui utilisent à un titre ou à un autre la langue française. Toutefois, le poète et homme politique sénégalais Léopold Sedar Senghor préférait utiliser le terme « francité ». Par « francité », il fallait alors entendre « l’ensemble des caractères propres à la civilisation française »3. Mais en 1962, la Revue Esprit, publiant un numéro devenu référence aujourd’hui, cite de nouveau le mot « francophonie ». Ce concept recevait dès lors une consécration irrévocable qui reléguait définitivement au second rang les termes tels que « francitude », « francité », « communauté francophone », « communauté de langue française », etc. Au regard des ressortissants du tiers monde, la francophonie n’a pas entièrement perdu ses présupposés idéologiques. Plusieurs, à l’instar de Guy Ossito Midiohouan, continuent d’y voir « le bras armé de la France »4. La francophonie est, de ce point de vue, un aspect important de la politique culturelle de la France et même de sa politique tout court. Elle est d’abord et avant toute chose une affaire des femmes et des hommes qui partagent une langue commune : le français. Ainsi, dès les premières décennies du XXe siècle, des francophones ont pris conscience de l’existence d’un espace linguistique partagé, convenable aux échanges et à l’enrichissement réciproque. Dès lors, nous voudrions étudier l’universalisation de la langue française et surtout la tendance altruiste et charitable de ce mondialisme à travers le prisme de la francophonie dans le discours que Nicolas Sarkozy a prononcé le 20 mars 2010 à l’occasion du 40e anniversaire de la francophonie. Nous vérifierons si la mondialisation du français fait de cette langue un véritable vecteur des échanges.
Le Partage De Patrimoine Comme Pertinence De L’adhésion Des Pays Lusophones Africains À La Francophonie
Authors: TAVARES Eugène
Published: July 2024

L’adhésion de pays lusophones africains (le Cap-Vert, la Guinée-Bissau et São Tomé et Príncipe) à l’Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (O.I.F) peut paraître pour certains sans fondement1et relever seulement d’une simple stratégie d’éviter l’isolement, même si ces pays appartiennent déjà à une autre organisation internationale, c’est-à-dire la Communauté des Pays de Langue officielle Portugaise (CPLP) dont l’acte fondateur remonte à 19902. Ces pays sont caractérisés par un poids démographique et économique relativement faible. Leur acceptation par l’OIF est en revanche plus compréhensible si l’on considère que deux des axes majeurs du plan stratégique de l’Organisation sont la diversité culturelle et le plurilinguisme. En effet, la Francophonie est passée d’une communauté de pays ayant le français en partage, à un ensemble géopolitique et géoculturel dont l’ambition est de devenir une importante sphère d’influence. Lorsqu’on lit Léopold Sédar Senghor ou Norodom Sihanouk, deux des pères fondateurs de l’Organisation, on s’aperçoit que pour eux la Francophonie transcende la question de la langue. Senghor, par exemple, écrit : « La francophonie, c’est cet humanisme intégral qui se tisse autour de la terre, cette symbiose des énergies dormantes de tous les continents, de toutes les races qui se réveillent à leur chaleur complémentaire »3. Quant à Norodom Sihanouk, il affirme : « La francophonie doit se consacrer à la valorisation des cultures nationales, à leur dialogue, à leur rapport à la cause de la paix ».
Development of Vietnam's agricultural industry in the current period
Authors: Le Huong Mai Thi ,   HCMC University of Technology and Education
Published: July 2024

The article uses secondary data sources collected from the General Statistics Office in the period from 2010 until now and the article uses indicators to evaluate the development of the agricultural sector to evaluate the current development status of Vietnam’s agricultural industry. Research results showed that Vietnam’s agricultural sector have achieved many remarkable results in the development process, specifically the scale and production value of the agricultural sector have increased, the agricultural sector has shifted towards towards applying science and technology to production and diversifying products, contributing to increasing economic efficiency and environmental protection efficiency of the industry. Although there are many advantages, but in the process of developing the agricultural sector, there are still some limitations and difficults such as the low value of the agricultural sector’s contribution to the country’s GDP, Labor productivity of the agricultural sector is lower than that of other sectors and environmental pollution is still widespread and tends to increase. On that basis, the article presents a number of proposals to contribute to the development of Vietnam’s agricultural industry in the near future.
Impact of capital structure on Return on Asset of oil and gas companies in Vietnam
Authors: Dao Oanh Kieu Le ,   HCMC University of Banking, Le Nhan Dinh ,   HCMC University of Banking
Published: July 2024

The study analyzes the impact of capital structure on the Return on Assets (ROA) of oil and gas industry enterprises during the period from 2014 to 2022. Based on data from 44 oil and gas enterprises in Vietnam with 396 observations, the research employs the Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Fixed Effects Model (FEM), Random Effects Model (REM), and Generalized Least Squares (GLS) models. Specifically, the revenue growth rate (SGROWTH) has a positive impact on ROA, while the short-term debt ratio (STD) and the period of oil and gas industry crisis (T) have a negative impact on the Return on Assets of oil and gas industry enterprises in Vietnam. This study provides information on the impact of capital structure on oil and gas industry enterprises in Vietnam during the crisis period, aiming to assist business managers in identifying potential risks during the crisis period and proposing appropriate and timely measures.
Research on consumer behavior of Vinamilk's Dielac Alpha Gold product in Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Nguyen Phi Yen Thi ,   Hong Bang International University, Vietnam
Published: July 2024

The study aims to analyze factors that influenced Vinamilk’s Dielac Alpha Gold consumer behavior in Ho Chi Minh City. The study was conducted on 240 subjects, parents with children under the age of six. The survey was conducted in 24 districts of Ho Chi Minh City. The results showed that there are eight factors that influence consumer behavior for Dielac Alpha Gold products in Ho Chi Minh City market, including: Product quality, excellent nutritional characteristics, ease of purchase, form of promotion, product packaging, social influence, product brand, and price. The factors that influence consumer behavior vary not so much with the standardized weighting ranging from 0,207 to 0,269; of which, the most powerful factor that influences consumers’ consumption behaviour is the form of auction. From there, the author proposes some management implications with the expectation of helping Vinamilk better meet the needs of customers in the future.
“COMO QUE UMA COVID LONGA”, O EFEITO PROLONGADO DA PANDEMIA SOBRE FEIRAS LIVRES DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR DE BASE CAMPONESA EM PORTEIRINHA-MG
Authors: Santos Fábio Dias dos Santos , Ferreira Gustavo Henrique Cepoline Ferreira , Campos Ernandes Dayer Lopes de Barros Moreira Campos
Published: July 2024

Este estudo analisou os impactos da Pandemia da COVID19 sobre os espaços de feiras livres do município de Porteirinha-MG tendo em vista que esses mercados locais tiveram suas atividades suspensas por períodos prolongados por gestores municipais a fim de conter o vírus. Esse quadro é agravado dramaticamente pelo desmonte das políticas de apoio à agricultura familiar intensificado na gestão Bolsonaro e, mais ainda, pelo o negacionismo que imperou no governo, de inação na coordenação de medidas de enfrentamento da pandemia. As informações tratadas neste artigo é resultado de um denso trabalho de campo realizado entre os anos de 2019 e 2023, por meio da observação direta aos espaços de feiras, entrevistas com consumidores, famílias agricultoras feirantes, além de diálogos com gestores públicos e de organizações da sociedade civil buscando compreender de que maneira a pandemia afetou o dia a dia das/os agricultoras/es  que tinham nos espaços de feiras livres sua principal fonte de renda. O estudo evidencia que o negacionismo do governo federal em relação à pandemia da COVID19 contribuiu para uma desorientação dos gestores locais, a exemplo do caso de Porteirinha, que se viram sozinhos na tomada de decisões com vistas à segurança sanitária, dentre elas, aquelas que afetaram negativamente o funcionamento das feiras livres. Que passaram a amargar as consequências da suspensão prolongada de suas atividades, como: o baixo número de frequentadores e a formação de novos hábitos de consumo na população.
NOTAS SOBRE O DESMONTE DA EMPLASA
Authors: Saluti Cardoso Felipe
Published: July 2024

Em 05 de junho de 2019, após aproximadamente 45 anos de atividade envolvendo levantamento de dados, produção técnica, pesquisa e planejamento da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, a Empresa Paulista de Planejamento S.A. (EMPLASA) foi extinta junto à duas outras empresas públicas pela lei estadual nº.: 17.056/2019. Embora a extinção dessas empresas tenha seguido a atuação e a posição política dos governos federal e estadual da época, com certa guinada a extrema direita e a aplicação de projetos liberalizantes na esfera do Estado com propostas de privatização de setores no interior da administração pública, o desfecho da EMPLASA apresenta também outras determinações mais profundas das transformações e reestruturações ligadas à área do planejamento urbano e territorial cujo contexto histórico tem envergadura mais elástica. Neste artigo discutimos a extinção da EMPLASA no contexto das transformações na esfera do planejamento territorial que acompanhou a resolução jurídico-administrativa e político-institucional do Estatuto da Metrópole, lei federal nº.: 13.089/2015, cuja aplicação vislumbrava a institucionalização da governança metropolitana como ferramenta de gestão e planejamento das regiões metropolitanas instituídas nacionalmente. Com forte influência de formas de gestão metropolitana propostas por agências internacionais, essa legislação dispensa órgãos de planejamento público em virtude de formas de cogestão público-privada do território metropolitano. Neste contexto político institucional, longe de serem causa unilateral, as resoluções e a aplicação do EM aceleraram da extinção da EMPLASA.
Minahasa Kulintang Music (Musicological and Ethnomusicological Studies on Birth History)
Authors: Rumengan Perry , Hartati RA. Dinar Sri , Massie Roy G.A , Senewe Felly Philipus , Ointoe Reiner Emyot
Published: July 2024

This article describes the birth history of the Kulintang music genre or the Minahasa Wooden Kulintang Music Ensemble. Through the qualitative research method, using a multidisciplinary approach with musicology and ethnomusicology as an umbrella approach, it was found that the Wooden Kulintang Music Ensemble was born in Tumantangtang village of Tomohon Minahasa, made by Lodewijk Supit Kaligis in 1947. The entertainment needs of refugees drove the birth of this music genre during turbulent times in Japan. Kulintang Minahasa was a new music genre due to the transmutation of the Portuguese Keroncong music genre.
Development of Administrators’ Creative Leadership Structural Equation Model Under the Department of Local Administration Promotion
Authors: Seemapon Wuttipong , Prasertcharoensuk Thanomwan , Sirisooksilp Saowanee , Tang Keow Ngang
Published: July 2024

This study was planned to examine the factors and indicators of administrators’ creative leadership for the Department of Local Administration Promotion in Thailand. The researchers employed a mixed-mode design using checklist and questionnaire as research instruments. They conceptualized creative leadership factors and indicators by analyzing documents and past studies to develop a creative leadership structural equation model. The assessment model was then tested the goodness of fit of the identified factors and indicators for creative leadership with the empirical data. The findings indicated that a total of 13 indicators resulting from the four factors in a creative leadership model of administrators were found in line with the empirical data.
Manifestations of Alienation in Contemporary Art and Its Representations in Abstract Expressionism
Authors: AbdulKazem Ali Maher
Published: July 2024

This research investigates the theme of "Alienation." Since humans cannot simply accept their existence as a mere phenomenon or a taken-for-granted fact, their being is marked by anxiety, evil, worry, nothingness, and "alienation." This latter concept is considered a fundamental feature of human existence. It's a feeling that accompanies the eruption of contradictions, the loss of self, and the difficulty of adapting to others. Consequently, a sense of estrangement or dissatisfaction and alienation from the true self arises. Art is necessary to achieve reconciliation between the self and reality. Existentialists emphasize that a human being remains unfulfilled unless they find themselves in creative work that expresses their identity, role, and position in the world and existence. Artistic creation is an opportunity for self-expression and a possibility to connect with others, which dispels the feeling of alienation. Therefore, contemporary art must have its own treatments that correspond to the course of the era. One of its tools in achieving this was the "Abstract Expressionism" movement.This research is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is dedicated to defining the research problem, which is identified by the following question: What are the manifestations of alienation in contemporary art? Do these manifestations have representations in the products of Abstract Expressionism? The importance of this research lies in its potential contribution to enhancing researchers' knowledge of the most important aspects of alienation and the role and necessity of art in the lives of individuals and society by achieving a kind of reconciliation between the self and reality. This research also aims to Shed light on the manifestations of alienation in contemporary art, reveal the manifestations of alienation in contemporary art and their representations in Abstract Expressionism. It also included the limitations of the research, which were defined as follows: Subject-: Artworks by the artist Mark Rothko. Time-based: 1903-1970 AD. Location-based: The United States of America. Definitions were also made for both linguistic and procedural terms. The second chapter is dedicated to the theoretical framework and previous studies. Chapter Three: Methodology In Chapter Three, the researcher outlines the research methodology, procedures, research community, and sample, which included (2) artworks by the artist Mark Rothko. The research concludes with Chapter Four, which presents the research findings and recommendations.
The Foundational Principles upon Which the Centre for Management Excellence in Public Finance Management is Built "A Comparative Study"
Authors: Hashim Hayder Ahmed , Zaghir Walid Khashan
Published: July 2024

The fundamental regulations that govern the administration's effective management and safeguarding of public funds constitute the theoretical underpinnings of the administrative centre of excellence in public funds management. These foundations are linked to the same standards that established the existence of administrative law as a whole and the management of public funds in particular; thus, general philosophical foundations, including public utility theory, public authority theory, and modern theory, emerged. The most meritorious of these theories were the mixed theories whose contents are derived from the theories of public authority and public utility. This is due to the logical norms that this theory establishes regarding the management of public funds for the benefit of the public.  Public ownership and discretionary power may be regarded as the pillars of a unique theory that effectively grants the administration control over its funds, as well as the flexibility and space these theories afford the administration to exercise its privileged position in the management of public funds.
Perspectives of the Technological Pedagogical Environment and Teaching Adaptation in Times of Pandemic in Ecuador. Retrospective Study
Authors: Alexander Rivera Merino Daniel , Pena Cindy Melissa Torres , Cajamarca César Javier Guayllasaca
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is to know the perspectives of the technological pedagogical environment and teaching adaptation in times of pandemic in Ecuador regarding online education within the framework of the health emergency within Ecuadorian middle-level institutions; since, current education represents a methodological challenge characterized by digital tools during teaching, and processes that have abruptly modified the space and forms of teaching. Therefore, the retrospective level study assisted by case study methodology used as data collection techniques, questionnaires applied to the selected sample, made up of volunteer high school teachers, whose responses were stored through the Google Forms platform, in categories that detected quantitative and qualitative perception indicators. In this sense, teachers consider that, in this modality, the workload entails greater dedication time and the speed of content advancement is affected by the short synchronous interaction times. Consequently, teacher perception indicates a drastic change and little flexibility for the development of their digital skills or accessibility to resources that provide an adequate space for virtual education, thus highlighting their preference for in-person work.
The Origins and Construction of Al-Aqsa Mosque in Islamic Tradition
Authors: Shahrouri Ahmad Daud , Al-Hamad “Zaid Al-Fawaris” , Dabbour Loai Morshed , Hussein Mohammed Yousef Abu
Published: July 2024

This study addresses the subject of the founding and history of Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, and seeks to shed light on the historical circumstances that led to its establishment by basing the research on diverse and detailed Islamic, biblical, and historical sources.The study demonstrates the importance of the subject of the founding of Al-Aqsa Mosque in Islamic texts, and how it was referred to directly or indirectly. It highlights the challenges facing the study of this subject due to the diversity of its specializations, which include architecture, Sharia studies, history, and archaeology.The study raises questions about the status of Al-Aqsa Mosque, the place of its establishment, its founders, the date of its founding, and how it obtained its Qur’an name “Al-Aqsa Mosque.”In conclusion, the study indicates the necessity of conducting accurate and comprehensive scientific research to clarify the facts related to Al-Aqsa Mosque, alerts to the seriousness of the allegations that aim to question its status, and stresses the importance of cooperation between various disciplines to understand and refute these allegations and contribute to enhancing the correct cultural understanding of this important site.
Design And Production of Press Advertisements to Optimize the Communicative Discourse in The Iraqi Media
Authors: Fadhil Fadhil Nadhir , Avazpour Mahdi
Published: July 2024

This study compares the design and production trends of press ads made by media institutions in Iraq. It examines how Iraqi media uses rhetorical strategies to create persuasive ads and evaluates their alignment with community needs and preferences. The study also focuses on modern advertising techniques and assesses ad quality in terms of display, images, actors' performance, and display time. The study's framework involves comparing the advertising trends used by Iraqi media. There are two main focuses of advertising: the first is to showcase the quality of the product being advertised and its price, while the second focuses on using techniques, stimuli, and mental images to grab the consumer's attention and persuade them to make a purchase. To analyze the advertisement content, a semiotic approach was used. The comparison results were obtained based on two selected advertisements that achieved the research objective.  So, the originality of this study will help Media Company’s select effective communication that has a greater impact on consumer purchase decisions of the products advertised by companies.
Research on the Pathways for Innovative Cultural Development of University Music Courses Based on Music Education Concepts
Authors: Qiao Suying , Thoe Ng Khar
Published: July 2024

In order to improve the music education in colleges and universities for cultivating students' comprehensive quality and enriching students' cultural literacy. In this paper, firstly, we optimize the music teaching mode, based on the theory of multiple intelligences and centered on the characteristics of students' intelligence structure, we innovate the teaching mode of music courses in colleges and universities, and emphasize the authenticity and context of the teaching environment. Secondly, the ant colony algorithm is used to find the optimal solution of music course classroom-time. In the solution process, hard constraints and soft constraints are considered to set up a class schedule that teachers and students are satisfied at the same time. Next, the optimal results of music course scheduling without and with conflicts are calculated. The traditional teaching model was set as a control class, and the final validation found that the experimental class scored the highest 90.2 ± 9.4 for music knowledge mastery and was statistically significant. In terms of music composition and music understanding, the experimental class fully agreed with 43% and 48%, higher than 41.0% and 40% of the control class, and the innovative music teaching content was above the students' psychological acceptability, with an average cultural satisfaction score of 4.2487 and an average cultural recommendation score of 4.5347. Therefore, colleges and universities should base their curriculum on the concept of music education, constantly explore and innovate, improve the rationality of curriculum arrangement, and promote the dissemination and development of music culture.
The Unique Formality in the Fabric Designs of the Iraqi Fashion House
Authors: Hashim Zainab Ahmed
Published: July 2024

This research addresses the topic of unique formality in the designs of the fashion house by employing symbols and colors in the elements executed on fashion fabrics for the Iraqi fashion house's runway shows, and the methods and techniques of their implementation, which distinguish the house from its counterparts.The research problem was identified through the following question: How can unique formality be achieved in the fabric designs of the Iraqi fashion house? The aim of the research was to study and analyze the concept of unique formality in the fabric designs of the Iraqi fashion house. The research discussed relevant literature, including the concept and importance of unique formality in fabrics, history and cultural heritage as sources for fashion design, and techniques for showcasing decorative designs in fashion fabrics. The research followed a descriptive analytical method, relying on theoretical framework indicators and expert opinions in analyzing sample models. The research concluded with several findings, the most significant of which are: the elements used greatly influence highlighting the unique formality of fashion fabric designs, and unique formality enhances the beauty and authenticity of fabric designs, reflecting cultural and heritage identity. The research also made several recommendations, the most important of which is to emphasize uniqueness in designs by matching the elements used with historical symbols, referencing original images in museums. Lastly, the research proposed further study on decorative display techniques for the Iraqi fashion house's designs.
Emotional Economy and Influence Dynamics in 'Woman and Doll': A Social Exchange Perspective"
Authors: Ashem Yaiphabi , Sehrawat Anil , Minocha Arti
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the application of George C. Homans' Social Exchange Theory to the Manipuri folktale "Woman and Doll." The study aims to demonstrate how Homans' propositions regarding behavioral psychology, economic exchange, influence dynamics, and small group structure elucidate the underlying social behaviors. The folktale centers on a rich widow's daughter who bonds intensely with a doll, impacting her social interactions and marriage. The study explores her behavior, reflecting Homans' concept of seeking rewards and avoiding costs. It also views her attachment to the doll and subsequent social isolation as an economic exchange. Further, there is an analysis of the influence dynamics when the daughter gains a unique ability, altering the balance of social exchanges in her favor.  The small group structure shifts as she integrates into her husband's home, achieving equilibrium through her newfound influence.
The Effect of Tax Advisor’s Interpersonal Communication Effectiveness on Taxpayer Satisfaction Levels
Authors: Membele Tresna S. , Bahfiarti Tuti , Farid Muhammad
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of the effectiveness of tax instructor’s interpersonal communication on the level of taxpayer satisfaction at the North Makassar Primary Tax Service Office. Interpersonal communication is measured based on openness, empathy, supportiveness, positiveness, and equality, while taxpayer satisfaction is measured based on expectations, disconfirmation, and performance. The research method used was quantitative with a population of taxpayers who consulted at the North Makassar Pratama Tax Service Office helpdesk, with a sample of 100 respondents. Data analysis was carried out using validity, reliability, classical assumptions and simple linear regression tests. The research results show that tax instructor interpersonal communication has a positive and significant effect on taxpayer satisfaction with a significance value of 0.000 and a regression coefficient of 0.402. The conclusion of this research is that the effectiveness of tax instructors' interpersonal communication increases taxpayer satisfaction at the North Makassar Primary Tax Service Office.
The Great Powers Strategy to Control Oil Regions
Authors: Abdulrazzaq Hadeel Abdulkhaliq , Ibraheem Alaa Khalil , Zoubi Khiam Mohammed Al
Published: July 2024

Oil is considered to be one of the most important reasons that led to international conflicts and wars. Within this framework, the current research paper confirms the importance of the role that oil plays in global politics and international relations at the political and economic levels. Together with the willingness of the major powers, led by the United States of America, to go to wars, crises and turmoil at the world level to preserve their interests and goals in general and the continued entry, under conditions appropriate for their economies in particular. The present research paper comprises an introduction, a methodological framework, and major hubs that deal with the importance of oil and its position in the strategies of major powers and the importance of oil in international conflicts. Moreover, the American strategic awareness of energy security, oil prices and negative repercussions of indicators on the states economies. Ultimately, the paper ends with relevant conclusion, findings, and recommendations.
Traumatic Rupture of the Diaphragm About 19 Cases
Authors: Ghebouli Khalil , Meskouri Karim , Mebarki Nadjib , Khanchoul Youcef , Foughali Badis
Published: July 2024

Traumatic ruptures of the diaphragm (TRD) are serious lesions that are often part of polytrauma. The diagnosis of wounds and diaphragmatic rupture remains difficult and often delayed. Methods: We conducted a descriptive observational study with retrospective data collection. It took place in two referral hospitals in Algeria. Results: Our study involved 19 cases of diaphragmatic injuries. The sex-ratio was 8.5. The mean age was 29 years. Traffic accident represented 78.95%. The diaphragmatic rupture was on the left side in 84.21 % (16 cases). The surgical procedure involved a reduction of herniated viscera and a suture of the diaphragm by “X” non absorbable points in 73.68 % (15 cases). The evolution was favorable in all patients, except one death. Conclusion: A diaphragmatic rupture is often integrated into a polytrauma, of which it is a criterion of Severity; however the diagnosis may be overlooked in the acute phase because it poses a real diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
Correlation of HbA1c with Various Hematological Parameters in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in North India: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hans Agam , Kumari Archana , Chauhan Aayushi , Bala Neetu , Goel Garvita , Sachdeva Mandeep
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Diabetes has become one of the leading Global health Emergencies and is ranked among the top 10 causes of mortality worldwide. Diabetes mellitus causes a wide range of complications including micro and macrovascular complications like microangiopathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and diabetic foot. HbA1c is considered as the Standard of Care for monitoring type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. We aim to evaluate the common hematological parameters along with inflammatory parameters like neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This was an observational laboratory based cross sectional study in which cases were included from 1st November 2023 to 31st December 2023. Two hundred and thirteen cases were divided into two groups (Diabetic and Non-Diabetic group) based on HbA1c levels and exclusion criteria. All cases were assessed for RBC count, TLC, DLC, Hb, RDW, Hct, NLR and PLR. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS v 29.0.2.0 (20) software and Microsoft Excel. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of diabetic and non-diabetic groups were 52.9 years and 50.6 years respectively (p > 0.05) with sex ratio of 1:2.1 and 1:1.7 respectively. There were significant differences in the means of the two groups for hematocrit levels, WBC count, neutrophil count, and NLR with p values of 0.001, 0.018, < 0.001 and < 0.001 respectively. There was no significant difference in the means for other parameters. Conclusion: The study results are consistent with the significant role of inflammation in etiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes with significant increase in the levels of hematocrit, WBC count, neutrophils and NLR in patients with poor glycemic control. Furthermore, NLR being an easy and cost-effective tool along with its high association with microangiopathic complications, it needs to evaluated meticulously for assessing the prognosis in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus.