bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KNOWLEDGE OF GENERAL DENTAL PRACTITIONERS, POSTGRADUATE RESIDENTS, AND SPECIALISTS FROM VARIOUS DENTAL SPECIALTIES TOWARDS PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Abul Khair Zalan  , Amna Shah Bibi  , Mehreen Ismail  , Anika Gul  , Sabeen Masood  , Palwasha Babar  , Mir Hadi Faisal
Published: July 2023

Objective: To find out the Knowledge of general dental practitioners and Specialists from various dental specialties towards pediatric dental care in Pakistan.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional, questionnaire study was conducted. The pre-validated questionnaire was distributed among different dentists in Pakistan and responses were evaluated using SPSS 25.Results:Out of the 372 participants, there were 207 general dentists, 83 operative dentists, 17 prosthodontists, 21 orthodontists and 44 oral surgeons. A greater proportion of operative dentists knew about the recommended medicament for pulpotomy (n = 30, 36.1%; p = 0.022) and the material of choice for restoring multi-surface lesions (n = 29, 34.1%; p < 0.001), as compared to other dentists. However, the number is still low. A greater proportion of orthodontists/prosthodontists and oral surgeons knew about the correct pain control method for mandibular endodontics (n = 46, 56.1%; p = 0.007). A total of 331 (89.0%) dentists did not know the material of choice for restoring one surface lesions.Conclusion: A very low frequency of dentists had knowledge about the different basic practices of pediatric dentistry. The knowledge of dentists was highly lacking. Pediatric dentistry education at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels should be incorporated.
FREQUENCY OF CROSS BITE AMONG THE ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS IN KHYBER COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY
Authors: Tahira Hussain  , Ahsan Mehmood shah  , Muhammad Saood  , Syed Suleman Shah  , Faizan Ul Hassan  , Hina Dilabaz
Published: July 2023

Objective: To determine the occurrence of cross bites in patients seeking orthodontic treatment, and to study the extent to which it is prevalent in different types of malocclusions and its variation with gender.Materials & Methods: Pretreatment study casts of 100 patients were evaluated among which 53 were female and 47 were male patients. Data was processed using the SPSS (17.0) software.Results: Out of 100 cases, 21% had anterior cross bite and 34% had posterior cross bite. Cross bite was more in class III malocclusion cases.Conclusion: Cross bite is more prevalent in females as compared to males and among the three different types of malocclusions, it was most prevalent in class III malocclusion cases.
FREQUENCY AND PATTERN OF INFRAORBITAL NERVE DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ZYGOMATICOMAXILLARY COMPLEX(ZMC) FRACTURES
Authors: Jawad Ullah Khattak  , Mujahida Bibi  , Annum Zamir  , Yasir Rehman  , Sobia Anwar
Published: July 2023

Objectives: To compute the frequency and pattern of infraorbital nerve deterioration (Anesthesia, Paresthesia, Dysesthesia and Hypoesthesia) presenting with zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures presented to Hayatabad Medical Complex.Methods and materials: The study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, MTI-HMC, Peshawar, and lasted six months, from June 4, 2018 to December 4, 2019. A thorough medical history, clinical examination, and neurosensory tests such as static two-point distinction, brush stroke directional test, contact detection, pin prick nociception, and thermal discrimination tests were all performed, along with the necessary radiographs such as occipitomental view, submentovertex view, and computed tomography scans.Results: Out of total 126 patients, 42(33.33%) patients were recorded with infraorbital nerve dysfunction in 3 age groups, 30 patients were in 15-30 year age group, 60 patients were in age group 31-45 year age and 36 patients were in 46-65 year of age , out of which 7 patients were from female gender.Conclusion: Every patient with a ZMC fracture should be clinically assessed on the dot for infraorbital nerve dysfunction, which can cause unpleasant feelings on the face, upper lip, lateral skin of the nose, anterior gingiva, and lower eyelid.
EFFECT OF 0.2% CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE ON GINGIVAL HEALTH AMONG ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS- A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Madiha Riasat  , Farid Ullah Shah  , Sadia Nisar Ahmad  , Mussarat Hussain
Published: July 2023

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the eff ect of chlorhexidine mouthwash on gingival health in orthodontic patients using manual brushing as a control in terms of reduction in gingival and bleeding indices scores.Methods and materials: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on August 2021 to December 2021 at Department of Orthodontics, Bacha Khan Dental College, and Hospital Mardan. A sample size of 50 orthodontic patients divided into two groups. Group A (experimental) and enrolled 25 participant ,and Group B (control) enrolled 25 participants used non-probability convenient sampling technique. Group A used chlorhexidine mouth wash along with manual brushing while in group B the participants maintained oral hygiene with manual brushing only. Patient’s age between 12 to 35 years, undergoing fi xed orthodontic treatment, with no anterior composite restorations and no decalcifi cation of teeth were included. At baseline and after period of one month the gingival and bleeding indices were recorded. Comparison of mean gingival and bleeding indices score was done between both groups using Paired T test. P≤0.05 was considered significant.Results: The mean gingival index score was less in cases using Chlorhexidine (1.77±0.75) than control group (2.19±0.52) statistically signifi cantly (P=0.026, 95% CI =0.053, 0.786). Similar results were found for bleeding index (P=0.034, 95% CI =0.027, 0.670). The females (n=29, 58%) were more than males (n=21, 42%). The mean age was 19.94±4.48 years with range from 13 to 34 years. The comparison of age (P=0.066), baseline gingival index (P=0.397) and bleeding index (0.377) were not diff erent statistically.Conclusion: Chlorhexidine mouth wash additional to the daily oral hygiene regimen can reduce gingivitis in orthodontic patients.
FREQUENCY OF SMOKING BETWEEN MALE STUDENTS OF ABDULWALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN & BACHA KHAN MEDICAL COLLEGE: HAS MEDICAL EDUCATION GOT SOME EFFECT
Authors: Shahana Nisar  , Aziza Alam  , Ismail Alam Khan  , MZiaul Haq  , Aftab Hussain  , Amanullah  , Umair Qamar  , Shahid Aslam  , Sabahat Sajjad  , Adnan Khan  , Fazli Haseeb  , Arrege  Asad  , Arsalan Azam  , Abdul Basit  , Zakirullah
Published: July 2023

Objectives: To compare the frequency and identify factors of smoking among the male students of Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan and Bacha Khan Medical College.Methods and materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted at AWKM and BKMC data was collected using structured Questionnaires having close ended questions. Non probability sampling technique was used. Data was analyzed through SPSS version 2020.Results: Our study found out the level of awareness regarding the hazardous eff ects of smoking was 92.1 % among students of Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan as compared to 100 % among students of Bacha Khan Medical Collage Mardan. Out of 112 smokers, 57 were smoking for pleasure while 45 were smoking to relieve stress.Conclusion: Although our study didn’t fi nd any signifi cant eff ect of awareness on smoking habits but still majority of our participants believed that arranging awareness programs that could help to decrease and control the prevalence of smoking.
PREVALENCE OF DENTAL ANXIETY AMONG SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN OF THE AGE GROUP 14-16 YEARS IN ABBOTTABAD AND ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN – A CROSSSECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Qurat-ul-Ain  , Faryal Khattak  , Khola Basit  , Fatima Zulfiqar  , Samia Shad  , Shazia Liaquat
Published: July 2023

Objectives:To determine prevalence of dental anxiety among school going children of the age group 14 to 16 years old, using Modifi ed Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). Materials & Methods:This cross-sectional study utilized MDAS; The study was completed in time period of 3 months (September 2021 to -November, 2021). which consists of five questions to assess level of dental anxiety. Non-probability volunteer response sampling technique was used. Data was collected through online Google survey form of MDAS and forwarded to the administration and coordinators of diff erent schools’ in Abbottabad and Islamabad. Each questionnaire was filled by the students of 8th, 9th and 10th class. After assessment of dental anxiety among the required age group, comparison between the anxiety levels of males and females and between school children of two cities was done. Data was analyzed using IBM-SPSS statistical software, version 24.0, with signifi cance levels at P<0.005. Results:This study included 374 participants from the two cities of Pakistan i.e. Abbottabad and Islamabad. A greater percentage of the inclusion criteria were found to be moderately anxious (35%). Females (58%) were found to be more anxious as compared to males. Mean level of moderate anxiety was greater among the children of Abbottabad while in Islamabad the children were found to be highly and severely anxious.Conclusion: Prevalence of dental anxiety in this patient sample was found to be moderately high as compared to previous studies. Dental anxiety surveys such as MDAS are an easy and reliable way to assess anxiety. Interpersonal collaboration is always benefi cial for the patient. Furthermore, comparison of anxiety levels between the school children of two cities give a clearer picture about dental health protocols.
GENERAL ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF DENTISTRY STUDENTS TOWARDS ONLINE LEARNING
Authors: Zainab Akbar  , Spogmay Zafar  , Behram Asim  , Syed Hasaan  , Hoor ul Anne  Koraishie  , Sana Iqbal
Published: July 2023

Objectives: To evaluate the attitude and perceptions towards online learning of BDS students of Rehman College Of Dentistry (RCD), Peshawar. Methods and materials: This Cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at Rehman College of Dentistry,Peshawar from October 2020 to march 30, 2021.An initial draft of the questionnaire was designed using literature review and informal discussions with students attending online classes due to COVID 19 pandemic. The questionnaire was sent to four experts for expert validation. After pilot testing the amended questionnaire and fi nding its reliability (Cronbach alpha) to be 0.8, questionnaire was distributed amongst fi rst to fi nal year BDS students of RCD via Google forms using non-probability convenience sampling. Sample size was calculated to be 132 using openepi calculator .SPSS versions 24 was used for data analysis. Results: Out of 15 questions, the students disagreed to 6 questions, agreed to 3 questions, neutral to agree to 3 questions and neutral to disagree to 2 questions. A slightly negative response was recorded by the students regarding acceptability and perception of online learning. Conclusion: Although, E-learning has been globally accepted as a primary teaching and learning modality but the third world countries are still fi nding it hard to implement it .Sincere efforts with proper planning should be done to gain fruitful results and improve short comings of our online education system.
MANIFESTATION OF MATERNAL VAGINAL COLONIZATION OF GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS IN PRETERM PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES
Authors: Tabassum Sultan  , Mahnaz Raees  , Gulrukh Qazi  , Asma Ambreen
Published: July 2023

Objectives: To look at the manifestation of maternal vaginal colonization of Group B Streptococcus in pre-term premature rupture of membranes.Methods and materials: This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from November 02 ,2020 to May 02, 2021. By using chi square test, Group B streptococcus (GBS ) was stratifi ed among age, gravidy, parity, BMI and booking status to see the eff ect modifi cation value ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant. Those co comorbidities that aff ect the results were excluded. All data was entered, processed, and analyzed on SPSS version 21.0.Results: Out of total 126 patients, mostly in 15-25 Years of age [04(3.17%),P value,0.889] were reported as compare to 26-35 Years of age 03(2.38%) and 0.79% years among 36-45 Years. Simailrly the frequency of Group B streptococcus (GBS) was prevalent among 15-20 kg/m2 category [04(3.17%),P value,0.083] as compare to 21-25 kg/m2 02(01.58%) and 26-30 kg/m2 having 02(01.58%)Conclusion: The gastrointentinal and vaginal epithelium of healthy women colonized by Group B Streptococcus(GBS) pose a greater risk of serious pathologies in the susceptible infant by a transmission during parturition or ascending intrauterine infection. The incidence of early-onset GBS sepsis has decreased as a result of universal screening and intra partum antibiotic prophylaxis.
ROOT CANAL MORPHOLOGY IN MAXILLARY 2ND PREMOLAR USING CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CBCT) IN PATIENTS BELONGS TO PESHAWAR KHYBER PAKHUNKHWA
Authors: Farhan Dil  , Umar Nasir  , Bibi Maryam  , Rozi Afsar
Published: July 2023

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the root canal morphology in maxillary second premolar in a sample of Peshawar population.Methods and materials: This cross sectional study was conducted on 200 CBCT images in Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar. The inclusion criteria were both genders, Pakistani nationals and age range from 20 to 50 years. CBCT images of maxillary second bicuspid which were unclear, distorted, have been endodotically treated, having post or other pathologies were excluded. Age and gender were recorded from data base available with CBCT. The assessment of root canal system of upper second premolar was done on basis of Vertucci classifi cation. Stratifi cation of canal morphology among age groups and gender was performed by running Chi-square/Fisher exact test.Results: The mean age of the participants was 33.84±8.53 years. The males were 118 (59%) and females were 82 (41%). More than half of the participants had single canal (n=107, 54%) and 91(46%) had two canals. Most common morphology of canals according to Vetucci’s classifi cation was types II having 77 (38%) and type IV having 67 (34%). In young ages (20-30 years) the frequency of single canal was 56 (62%) while in old ages (41-50 years) it was 21(38%). These differences were statistically significant (p=0.009). However, the confi guration among various age groups was not statistically signifi cant (p=0.208). Conclusion: Prevalence of two canals are very common in maxillary second premolar. The common root canal confi gurations are type II and IV in this tooth.
UNKNOWN PRIMARY CARCINOMA HEAD & NECK- INCIDENCE IN METASTATIC CERVICAL LYMPHADENOPATHY AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Muhammad Junaid  , Altaf Hussain  , Muhammad Khalid  , Muhammad Umair  , Imran Khan  , Imran Khan  , Hasan Shafi
Published: July 2023

Objective: To find the incidence of unknown primary carcinoma head & neck in patients presenting with metastatic cervical lymphadenopathy.

Materials & Methods:This case-control study was conducted at the Department of ENT, Head & Neck Surgery, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. The duration of the study was three years from April 2013 to April 2016. A total of 86 patients were included in the study. Detailed history, examination, laboratory tests, imaging studies, endoscopies and biopsies of patients included in the study were performed. The frequency of patients with no primary lesion was noted.

Results: 86 cases were included in our study. Obvious lesions were found in 67.4% patients, while in 32.5%, no primary lesion was found after complete workup. Nasopharynx was the most frequent primary site involved. Level II nodes were the most frequent neck nodes involved. 7% of patients remained undiagnosed after complete workup.

Conclusion: The incidence of unknown primary carcinoma was found to be seven percent among the patients who presented with metastatic cervical lymphadenopathy.
PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND RISK FACTORS IN BELOW FOURTY YEAR URBAN SLUM POPULATION OF PESHAWAR
Authors: Anwar Khan wazir  , M. Hamayun  , Aijaz Hussain Menon  , M Saeed Khan  , Mahan Rehman  , Sajjad Mohammad
Published: July 2023

Objective: To study the prevalence and risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus in under 40 year population of urban slums of Peshawar.

Materials & Methods: A cross sectional analytical study was done in urban slums of Peshawar city. Simple random sampling was done a total of 700 samples were collected. Those below ages of 40 years and willing to participate were included and physical and mentally handicap were excluded from the study population. Information on socio-demographic variables and behavioural risk factors, such as smoking and physical exercise were obtained by using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed in SSPS version 20.

Results: 15% (105) of the respondent were diabetic. 61(15.7%) were males and 44(14.1%) were female who was diabetic. A positive association was found with age, family history, obesity, and hypertension.

Conclusion: Diabetes is prevalent in urban slums and measures are needed to introduce an early screening test at the community level and nutritional awareness program to be started in schools.
AN OVERVIEW OF DECAYED MISSING FILLED TEETH (DMFT) IN PATIENTS REPORTING TO A HEALTH FACILITY AT SWAT
Authors: Hamza Afzal Khattak  , Mian Burhan Rashid  , Quratulain  , Inayat Ali Haq  , Muhammad Afzal Khattak  , Abdul Hameed
Published: July 2023

Objective: To determine Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index of the patients visiting a single healthcare facility at Swat.

Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Swat Medical Complex, Saidu Sharif, Swat, Pakistan, from June 2018 till September 2018. A sample of 125 patients was taken for this study using non-probability convenient sampling technique. After taking informed consent, a pre-designed performa was used to extract data based on examination. Data was tested using SPSS v.21.0, descriptive stats were applied for numerical and categorical variables. Relationship was measured using Chi-Square.

Results: Mean age of 125 patients was 28.83±17.38 years, having males 81.6% and females 18.4%. Occupationally, students were in high frequency with 36%, followed by laborers with 24%. The mean for decayed teeth (DT) was 1.60 ± 1.91, missing teeth (MT) 2.14 ± 4.48 and filled teeth (FT) was 0.38 ± 1.11, while overall mean of DMFT was 4.11 ± 4.94. In decayed, missing and filled status of these patients about, 51 (40.8%), 61 (48.8%) and 100 (80%) of patients had no DMFT respectively. Post cross tabulation chi-square revealed significant relationship between gender and major occupation of the person with DMFT.

Conclusion: This study from a single health care setting concluded a high DMFT index, having more males of middle age group than females. The study further concluded more DT patients than FT.
CHORIONIC VILLOUS SAMPLING TECHNIQUE; AWARENESS AMONG THE PARENTS OF THALASSEMIA CHILDREN AND ITS ROLE IN THE PREVENTION OF THALASSEMIA MAJOR
Authors: Hayat Muhammad Khan  , Jehan Hussan  , Saifoor Ahmed Khan  , Natasha Junaid  , Nighat Musa
Published: July 2023

Objective: To determine the awareness level of parents of Thalassemia children regarding CVS technique and the role of this technique in the prevention of thalassemia.
Materials & Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in Frontier blood transfusion services Peshawar on 130 subjects selected through a convenient sampling technique within six months from Jan; 2018 to Jun; 2018. A questionnaire was used for the collection of data. Those women who had at least one Thalassemia major child were included while women unwilling or having children with other genetic disorders were excluded from the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results: Of the total 130 women, only 50 underwent CVS. The sensitivity of the test was 75 % while specificity was 91 %. Of the total 76 % were cousin marriages while 24 % were non-cousin marriages. Of the total 101 mothers were aware while only 29 mothers were unaware of the technique. The main source of awareness was the physicians who referred them for the procedure.
Conclusion: The general public and parents of thalassemia children have limited knowledge about the prevention of thalassemia through the CVS technique. Diagnostic centers need to be established at the divisional level.
FREQUENCY OF DENTAL ATTRITION AND COMMON ORO-DENTAL FACTORS
Authors: Muhammad Younas  , Sadiq Jameel  , Aamir Hameed  , Farooq Taj  , Mumtaz ul Islam  , Faheemullah
Published: July 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to find the frequency of dental attrition and common oro-dental factors leading to it. Study Design Descriptive (cross-sectional) Study. Setting: Oral medicine Prosthodontics Department, Peshawar dental college. Period: 10th December 2017 to 16th July 2019. Materials & Methods: A total of 189 patients were included in the study. The male to female ratio was 0.95. The average age of the patients was 46.49 years ±6.93 (SD) with a range of 35-70 years. Dental attrition was seen in 66 (34.9%) patients.

Results: The most common cause was bruxism which was observed in 44 (23.3%) patients followed by Kennedy Class 1 partially dentate state in 36 (19.0%), clenching in 25 (13.2%) and unacceptable vertical overlap in 25 (13.2%) patients.

Conclusion: Irrespective of the extent dental attrition was a common finding in 35% patients. Bruxism is the most common cause of dental attrition, which is to be considered in management of such patients.
NEW PERSPECTIVE FOR EVALUATION OF TOOTH WIDTHS IN PATIENTS WITH MISSING OR PEG-SHAPED MAXILLARY LATERAL INCISORS: QUADRANT ANALYSIS
Authors: Ghulam Rasool  , Ahsan Mehmood Shah  , Wardah Maryam  , Sajjad Ahmad  , Farhad Ali
Published: July 2023

Objective: To compare the mesiodistal widths of teeth having missing lateral or peg lateral with the control side and control set of dentition.

Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at Khyber college of dentistry from January 2019 to April 2019. 60 individuals were selected 24 males and 36 females were selected. The mesiodistal width of teeth in quardarants having missing lateral incisors or having peg shape lateral were included and compared with the control set of dentition, consective sampling technique was used using SPSS version 22.

Results: maxillary central incisor shows statistically non-significant difference in the mesiodistal width as compared with the control groups of having mesiodistal width of 8.5mm. canine shows statistically significant difference in mesiodistal width when compare with the control groups of having mesiodistal width of 7.5mm. premolars and molars also shows statistically significant difference in mesiodistal widths when compared with the control groups of having mesiodistal width 7mm and 10mm, respectively.

Conclusion:in Patients having missing or peg shape lateral incisor the mesiodistal width of the dentition is narrower than the control subjects so in quadarant analysis will be more helpful in determining treatment stratagies as compared to the conventional tooth analysis method.
FREQUENCY OF REVERSIBLE AND IRREVERSIBLE PULPITIS IN PATIENTS VISITING DENTAL OPD OF SMDC COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY
Authors: Aneesa Mahreen  , Amna Nauman Khan  , Aamer Iqbal  , Uzair Bin Akhtar  , Aneela Amjad  , Nauman Rauf Khan
Published: July 2023

Objective: The main objective of study was to determine the incidence of reversible and irreversible pulpitis in patients coming for dental check-up in out-door patient department of College of Dentistry, SMDC.

Materials and Methods: About 443 patients were examined in dental OPD and data was collected on basis of especially designed questionnaire. All clinical findings, radiographical interpretations and objective pulpal testing were included within the patient assessment. The data was coded and entered into SPSS 20 for data analysis.

Results: Among 443 patients 304 patients were assessed for pulpal disease. (females 149, males 155). Total teeth examined were 1055 both clinically and radiographically for pulpitis and seen to be more common in males as compared to females with mandibular posteriors affected more. Irreversible pulpitis seen to be more common in females and caries being the number one cause of the disease. Pulpitis was seen to be significantly related with age p = 0.029.

Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment can reversal the condition and improve the oral health status preventing premature extractions and root canals and prosthesis applications.
DETERMINATION OF INTER-APPOINTMENT PAIN IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ROOT CANAL TREATMENT
Authors: Benish Aleem  , Sohaib Siddique  , Romana Yaqoob  , Nasar Um Min Allah  , Batool Zahra  , Fatima Aleem
Published: July 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of inter-appointment pain during root canal treatment in patients with apical periodontitis
Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was done at Islamic international dental hospital, Islamabad for 6 months from March 2016 to Sep 2016. A total of n=60 patients were selected through non-probability, consecutive sampling technique undergoing Root canal treatment for acute apical periodontitis. All the patients were personally interviewed regarding their pain history. They were asked to rate the pain they experienced during the inter-appointment period, on a scale from 1-10. The observations were recorded and statistical analysis was done in order to reach a conclusion. Pain was addressed using specific intra-canal medicaments. Follow-up was ensured by keeping contact details of all the randomly selected cases, under observation.
Results: Out of all n=60 patients, included in the present study, it was found that the age range was from 17 to 50 years with mean age to be 31.38 ± 9.93 years. The minimum pain score was 1 and maximum was 4 having a mean pain score of 2.95 ± 1.01. Males were, n= 32 (53.3%) while n=28 female patients were included in this study (46.7%).
Conclusion: It was found that the perception of pain is different for all the cases and it depends upon the aetiology as well as the gender and age of the patients.
FREQUENCY OF COMMON CLINICAL SYMPTOMS IN WOMEN WITH UTERINE FIBROID
Authors: TAYYABA AZIM  , RUKHSANA KARIM  , SHAHNAZ JABEEN  , SAIMA AYUB
Published: July 2023

Objective: To study the frequency of common clinical symptoms in women with uterine fibroid

Materials and Methods:All women between 20-50 years age attending Gynae OPD, Hayatabad Medical Complex, with the ultrasound diagnosis of fibroid uterus were selected for the study. These patients were then asked questions regarding different symptoms of fibroid for example heavy menstrual bleeding, mass abdomen, and subfertility. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results: A total of 128 women were included in this descriptive study. Maximum number of cases 40.6% were in the age group 20-30 years, 38.3% cases were in 31-40 years and 21.1% were in 41-50 years. About 37.5% women were multiparous and 31.2% were nulliparous. Heavy menstrual bleeding was the commonest clinical symptom seen in 68% women. Abdomino-pelvic mass was seen in 38.8% women and 18.8% women presented with subfertility.

Conclusion: Fibroid occur most commonly in multi and grand multi parous women. Heavy menstrual bleeding is the most common (68%) symptom associated with fibroid uterus followed by abdominopelvic mass (38.8%).
EFFECT OF6-HYDROXYFLAVONE ONCISPLATININDUCED HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN LIVER OF SPRAGUE-DAWELY RATS
Authors: Zia Ud Din  , Shazia Iftikhar  , Zainab Rehman  , Muhammad Harris  , Sadaf Ambreen  , Munila Shabnum Khattak  , Muhammad Shahid  , Rahimullah  , Sobia Haris
Published: July 2023

Objective: Chemotherapeutic agents like cisplatin benefits cancer patients by decreasing metastasis, relapse and increase the overall survivability.The clinical effectiveness of these beneficial chemotherapeutics is greatly limited by occurrence of side-effects including hepatotoxicity. Flavonoids possess potent hepatoprotective effects and exhibit antioxidant property. In this study, the hepatoprotective effect of the flavonoid, 6-hydroxyflavone was investigated against cisplatin induced liver damage in rats.

Materials & Methods: 6-Hydroxyflavone (25 and 50 mg/kg) and silymarin (100 mg/kg)were administered for 14 days and hepatotoxicity was induced by a single injection of cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg) on the 10th day of experiment. The liver tissues were examined for histopathologicalandbiochemical changes.

Results: Cisplatin produced histopathological changes of sinusoidal dilatation and steatosis and elevated the serumalanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels. Cisplatin generated oxidative stress in the liver which was observed from significant increase lipid peroxidation and reduction in the level of antioxidant mechanisms of glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase. Administration of6-hydroxyflavone and silymarin protected the liver from cisplatin-induced degenerative changes and reduced the escalated levels of biochemical parameters. These protective doses also significantly inhibited the generation of oxidative stress as significant attenuation of lipid peroxidation and an increase in the antioxidant status were observed in the cisplatin-injected animals.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that 6-hydroxyflavonehas prospective hepatoprotective effect mediated by inhibition of oxidative stress in the hepatocytes and thus can be considered when treating cancer patients with chemotherapeutic drugs including cisplatin.
EMERGING TRENDS IN DENTISTRY
Authors: Rasool Ghulam
Published: July 2023

Oral health practice has entered the era of evidence-based dentistry, due to the global trend of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. The concept of oral health has changed from a biologic approach to a social and physiologic approach, which takes into consideration other aspects like social interaction, self-esteem, and facial esthetics. There is an interaction between quality of life and oral health.
Molecular biology, genomic studies, and proteomes have opened alternative windows for the translation of basic science concepts to oral health perception. Basic etiologic factors of genetic versus environmental, if addressed at the molecular level, will lead to the rehabilitative abilities of oral health. Regenerative dentistry is going to establish in its discipline. Genotherapy, gene mutation, and tem cells are the future of dentistry. It indicates that dentistry is to be transformed from an art to science.
On the other side, new trends in the dental industry have revolutionized dentistry and gave new dynamics and precision to a dental practice. This trend facilitates the dental practitioner and is a challenge too. It is obvious, and future dentistry will be filled with exciting in-office and digital trends, introducing new technologies and new ways to optimize the patient experience. The emerging industrial trends include Dental 3d printers, Digital Impressions, CAD-CAM, Laser Dentistry, Automated Patient Tracking & Management Software, Robot Dentists Artificial Intelligence (AI) & Robotics to save the patient time, introducing same-day dentistry, streamline and organize operations and minimally invasive procedures, offers safety to the patients.
PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN AQIDAH AKHLAK MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DIRECT INTERACTION
Authors: Septiana Nanda
Published: July 2023

This study focuses on the formation of student religious character in the subjects of Aqidah Morals using a direct interaction learning model. This research method uses qualitative research with the type of classroom action research (CAR). The techniques used in the data collection procedure are interviews, tests, observations, and documentation.

The results of this study indicate that in the first cycle, the percentage of students' completeness is 60%. This proves that there is an increase in the percentage of student learning mastery from 45% in the pre-cycle to 60% in the first cycle. However, the percentage of student learning mastery in the first cycle has not reached the target of 76%, so the research continues to cycle II with see important notes that still need to be reflected again for the next lesson. Constraints in the first cycle were corrected in the second cycle so that the learning mastery in the second cycle increased, indicated by the percentage of students' completeness in the second cycle reaching 85%. This shows that there was an increase of 45% from the pre-cycle to 60% in the first cycle and increased again to 85% in the second cycle. Based on the results of the research obtained by students in the pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II, it can be seen that the Direct Instruction Model can improve learning outcomes for Class IV students at MI Miftahul Hidayah Poreh Lenteng Sumenep for despicable and commendable behavior.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN STAD (STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MATA PELAJARAN AQIDAH AKHLAK KELAS V MI AL MARHAMAH JABUNG
Authors: Firdausi Rofiqoh , Fatkhul Zainudin
Published: July 2023

The low learning outcomes of students in the subjects of Akidah morality class V Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al Marhamah Jabung. Many factors that researchers encountered in the learning process that affect activities and learning outcomes such as the lack of teachers in preparing learning methods. To overcome this problem, the researcher applies the STAD type cooperative learning method (student team achievement division) with the hope that student learning outcomes will increase. The formulation of the research problem is: Can the application of the  Student Teams-Achievement Divisions (STAD) Cooperative Learning method improve learning outcomes in Aqidah Akhlaq subjects, the subject of Praiseworthy Morals, for fifth grade students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al Marhamah Gunung Kunci Jabung? Meanwhile, the goal is to improve the learning outcomes of fifth graders through the STAD type cooperative learning method (student team achievement division). The subject matter of Akidah Akhlaq is the subject of Praiseworthy Morals for fifth grade students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al Marhamah Gunung Kunci Jabung.
HUBUNGAN PEMANFAATAN LITERASI E-LIBRARY DENGAN MINAT BACA SISWA DI MI MIFTAHUL HUDA WAJAK
Authors: Mayla Qonata  , Ifa Nurhayati
Published: July 2023

This research is motivated by the existence of a school library which is very important because the library is the heart of the education that brings the school to life, where the education is carried out. This study aims to determine the relationship between the use of e- library literacy and students' reading interests at MI Miftahul Huda Wajak. The instruments used in this study used observation, questionnaires, documentation and instrument validity. The research method used in this study uses correlational quantitative methods. The results of this study show that the use of e-libraries carried out at MI Miftahul Huda Wajak has a significant relationship with students' interest in reading. This is proven by conducting analytical prerequisite tests, namely the normality test, the Pearson Product Moment correlation test, and the t test statistics for hypothesis testing.
IMPROVING TEACHERS' ABILITY IN DEVELOPING BASED RPP DISCOVERY LEARNING THROUGH THE WORKSHOP AT UPT SD NEGERI RESAPOMBO 03
Authors: Suharti  , Isna Nurul Inayati
Published: July 2023

Observations at SD Negeri Resapombo 03 show that some teachers at SD Negeri Resapombo are not used to applying and have not been able to develop lesson plans based on discovery learning. To address this, the researchers plan to carry out school action research with the theme of teacher competence in developing lesson plans based on discovery learning. This type of research is school action research. This research was conducted at Resapombo 03 Public Elementary School in November 2021 with the research subjects being all Resapombo Public Elementary School teachers. The technique of collecting data from this school action research is through qualitative data obtained from observation/observations, interviews and document studies. This procedure includes the following stages: (1) planning, (2) implementation, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. Based on the results of reflection, monitoring and evaluation that have been carried out, it can be concluded that cycle 1 and cycle 2 activities have increased so that all objectives of the school action research activities are declared successful.
IMPROVING STUDENT COURSES THROUGH JAVANESE SATURDAY HABITU IN SD NEGERI RESAPOMBO 06
Authors: Darmawan Hadi  , Isna Nurul Inayati
Published: July 2023

The results of observations at SD Negeri Resapombo 06 show that there has been a decline in student character which is reflected in the attitudes and speech of students who tend to be rude and impolite at school, both when interacting with peers and when interacting with teachers. To address this, the researchers plan to carry out school action research with the theme of increasing student manners through the habit of Javanese Saturdays. This type of research is school action research. This research was conducted at SD Negeri Resapombo 06 in November 2021 with the research subjects being all students at SD Negeri Resapombo. The technique of collecting data from this school action research is through qualitative data obtained from observation/ observations, interviews and document studies. This procedure includes the following stages: (1) planning, (2) implementation, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. Based on the results of reflection, monitoring and evaluation that have been carried out, it can be concluded that cycle 1 and cycle 2 activities have increased so that all objectives of this school action research activity are declared successful.
IMPROVING TEACHER ABILITY IN DEVELOPING SCIENTIFIC BASED RPP AT UPT SD NEGERI PLUMBANGAN 01
Authors: Siswati  , Isna Nurul Inayati
Published: July 2023

Analysis of the quality report cards for SD Negeri Plummbang 01 in 2020 shows that there are weaknesses in the standard process that is being implemented. One of the weaknesses that occur in this process standard is related to the teacher's ability to develop scientific-based learning implementation plans. Referring to this condition, it is necessary to conduct school action research to improve competence first in the preparation of scientifically based lesson plans. This type of research is school action research. This research was carried out at SD Negeri 01 Plumbangan in November 2021 with the research subjects being all teachers at SD Negeri 01 Plumangan. The technique of collecting data from this school action research is through qualitative data obtained from observation/observations, interviews and document studies. This procedure includes the following stages: (1) planning, (2)implementation, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. Based on the results of reflection, monitoring and evaluation that have been carried out, it can be concluded that cycle 1 and cycle 2 activities have increased so that all objectives of the school action researchactivities are declared successful.
BAGAIMANA MODEL HYBRID LEARNING PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DAN BUDI PEKERTI DITERAPKAN?
Authors: Amaliyah Alfi Syayidah Nur , Izzah Zulvia Noer
Published: July 2023

Model hybrid learning adalah model pembelajaran pembelajaran yang menggunakan teknologi dan menggabungkan berbagai gaya pembelajaran, model penyampaian, dan pengajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penerapan model hybrid learning pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam penerapannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode evaluasi program dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, yang melibatkan observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara semi-terstruktur sebagai sumber data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persiapan dalam penerapan model hybrid learning memerlukan waktu, baik dalam persiapan sarana dan prasarana di sekolah maupun persiapan guru sebelum memulai pembelajaran. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah Google Meet dan Google Classroom. Evaluasi pembelajaran dilakukan dengan berbagai bentuk evaluasi yang disesuaikan dengan materi yang diajarkan. Evaluasi penerapan model hybrid learning dilakukan setiap hari melalui aplikasi dari dinas pendidikan, serta evaluasi mandiri oleh pihak sekolah setiap bulan. Dalam penelitian ini, terdapat tiga faktor pendukung dan lima faktor penghambat dalam penerapan model hybrid learning. Penemuan faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat ini diharapkan dapat membantu pengembangan dan perbaikan implementasi model hybrid learning pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BACA SISWA KELAS IV DI MI NU JATIREJOYOSO
Authors: Rahmawati Yan , Nurhayati Ifa
Published: July 2023

One of the tasks of an educator is to coordinate students in learning activities, within the scope of education, reading is an important skill for students to learn. This research focuses on the urgency of educators who are required to have a contribution in increasing interest in reading in individual students. The fact that interest in reading is low among students then becomes the reason for this research being carried out. A fact, where growing, caring for and accommodating students' interest in reading is the role of a teacher. Reflecting on field conditions, this research then uses a qualitative model that is collaborated with a descriptive approach. For the understanding of the descriptive approach, it can be interpreted as research based on a specified group, one situation, one form of idea, or one class of events. While the expected goals of qualitative research with a descriptive approach are oriented towards accurate writing which includes the preparation of sketches in a structured, valid, and on target manner related to events that are of temporary concern. The research results show that the teacher's role is as a teacher, inspirer, initiator, motivator, facilitator, class manager, mediator, and evaluator. Then for supporting conditions in the implementation of increasing students' interest in reading, between academic aspects, environment, infrastructure and learning materials. The inhibiting factors are academic, environmental, and infrastructure that are not used as well as possible, such as the internet network. Characteristics of grade 4 students, who like picture books.
Pengaruh pembelajaran puzzle-based learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan keaktifan belajar matematis siswa
Authors: Zulfa Mardiana , Sembiring Maximus Gorky , Yumiati Yumiati
Published: July 2023

Fokus pada penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki pengaruh pembelajaran puzzle-based learning berdampak pada kemampuan berpikir kreatif seiring dengan keaktifan belajar matematis siswa. Desain penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment yang melibatkan dua grup penelitian, kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Populasi yang terlibat di penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas 8 SMPS Insan Cendekia Madani Serpong tahun pelajaran 2022/2023. Sampel penelitian adalah kelas VIIIA sebagai kelas eksperimen dan VIIIB sebagai kelas kontrol yang masing-masing berjumlah 32 siswa. Pengukuran menggunakan instrumen tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis dan non tes berupa angket keaktifan belajar matematis telah digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Uji-t dipakai dalam rangka pengujian hipotesis. Hasil analisis mengungkap yaitu kelompok eksperimen memiliki kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan keaktifan belajar matematis yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan dalam pembelajaran matematika dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol.
ANALISIS REALISASI PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH
Authors: Asteria Beta
Published: July 2023

Abstraksi.

Penelitian ini tentang analisis pengaruh  Produk Domestik Bruto (PDRB) dan Jumlah penduduk, secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap Realisasi Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Analsis data dengan menggunakan regresi linear.  Populasi dalam penelitian seluruh Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Tengah. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan teknik sampel jenuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Realisasi Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Sedangkan Jumlah penduduk tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Realisasi Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) dan Jumlah Penduduk   secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap  Realisasi Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Adapun keterbatasan penelitian, dari hasil  output SPSS diperoleh Adj R2 sebesar 0,661 atau 66,10 persen. Artinya variabilitas Realisasi Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dapat dijelaskan oleh model hanya sebesar 66,10 persen sisanya sebesar 33,90 dijelaskan oleh variabel lainnya diluar model penelitian.
LOYALITAS KARYAWAN DITINJAU DARI PENGEMBANGAN KARIR, KOMPENSASI DAN STRES KERJA
Authors: Mahmudah Siti , Indriastuti Ariyani , Susetyarsi Theresia
Published: July 2023

Abstract.

This research objective to analyze the factors that affect employee loyalty.

The results showed that career development has a significant positive effect on employee loyalty, compensation has a significant positive effect on employee loyalty, job stress has a significant negative effect on employee loyalty.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN UMKM
Authors: Wiji Yuwono Itsnaini Rahmah; M. Elfan Kaukab;
Published: July 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran pemerintah terhadap tingkat pendapatan UMKM di Kabupaten Wonosobo. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah modal, lokasi usaha dan teknologi. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah tingkat pendapatan UMKM di Kabupaten Wonosobo. Sedangkan variabel moderasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peran pemerintah. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang disebar kepada pelaku UMKM di Kabupaten Wonosobo. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 103 responden diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan regresi liniear berganda. Hasil penelitian dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan modal, lokasi usaha dan teknologi berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat pendapatan UMKM di Kabupaten Wonosobo. Sedangkan peran pemerintah dapat memoderasi pengaruh modal terhadap tingkat pendapatan UMKM di Kabupaten Wonosobo namun tidak dapat memoderasi pengaruh lokasi usaha, dan teknologi terhadap tingkat pendapatan UMKM di Kabupaten Wonosobo. penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi pemerintah dan seluruh pelaku UMKM di Kabupaten Wonosobo sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam penentuan kebijakan terkait dengan peningkatan pendapatan UMKM. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan mengetahui kebijakan pemerintah mengenai sumber modal KUR dengan bunga rendah ketika modal sendiri belum mencukupi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan usaha. Memperbaiki lokasi usaha dengan memperhatikan kenyamanan, akses jalan dan kelengkapan fasilitas seperti tempat parkir.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN OBJEK WISATA PANTAI BERAWA TIBUBENENG
Authors: Pipit Sundari Tettie Setiyarti; Ida Ayu Komang Juniasih; Ni Nyoman Milan
Published: July 2023

Selain dapat dijadikan sebagai sebuah mekanisme dalam meningkatkan keterlibatan di dalam setiap tahapan pengambilan keputusan, partisipasi masyarakat juga dapat secara langsung berfungsi dalam mendistribusikan segala bentuk keuntungan dari berbagai kegiatan kepariwisataan tadi secara adil kepada warganya yang berimbas. Melalui tulisan ini penulis akan membahas partisipasi masyarakat lokal dalam mengembangkan Pantai Berawa sebagai objek wisata di Desa  Tibubeneng. Termasuk di dalamnya, berbagai upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh pengelola pantai tersebut dalam meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat lokal. Penelitian etnografis yang menjadi pijakan dari tulisan ini pun sepenuhnya difokuskan untuk mengkaji partisipasi masyarakat lokal Desa Tibubeneng dalam pengembangan objek wisata Pantai Berawa. Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa keterbukaan dari pihak pengelola Pantai Berawa tidak serta-merta dapat meningkatkan tingkat partisipasi masyarakatnya. Sikap proaktif pengelola diuji untuk mau mengajak seluruh warganya untuk masuk melewati pintu yang sudah terbuka tadi, berkomunikasi, lebih banyak lagi mengadakan kegiatan-kegiatan bersama masyarakat yang sebelumnya telah membentuk dan memilih mereka, untuk bertukar pikiran serta membangun keakraban.