bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perkawinan Sirri Menurut Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia
Authors: Hidayatullah Muhammad Yunus , Abidin Ahmad Zainal , Ramadhani Muhammad , Ningtyas Mega Ayu
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The Indonesian government requires its married citizens to record their marriages. But many citizens who are still married do not perform the marriage ceremony known as sirri marriage (secret marriage). The Indonesian Ulema Council issued fatwa No. 10 of 2008 on Marriage under The Hands. This study studied sirri marriage according to MUI fatwa. This research is normative juridical research and is descriptive-analytical using qualitative approach methods. The data source used is primary data in the form of MUI Fatwa while secondary sources are in the form of books or journal articles that support this research data. The data obtained is then organized, edited, and analyzed through deductive analogies. The results of the study concluded that Fatwa MUI Number 10 of 2008 concerning Marriage Under the Hand states that the law of sirri marriage or marriage under the hands of the law is valid while the marriage has qualified and got along well.  However, MUI also provides further information if the marriage sirri can cause harm in the future then the marriage should be recorded to the competent authorities.
Keywords: Nikah sirri, MUI, fatwa, Islamic law
Abstrak: Pemerintah Indonesia mewajibkan warganya yang menikah agar mencatat pernikahannya. Namun banyak warga yang masih yang menikah tidak melakukan pentatan nikah yang dikenal dengan nikah sirri. Majelis Ulama Indonesia mengeluarkan fatwa Nomor 10 Tahun 2008 tentang nikah di bawah tangan. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang Pernikahan Sirri Menurut Fatwa MUI. Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian yuridis normatif dan bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan yakni data primer berupa Fatwa MUI sedangkan sumber sekunder berupa buku atau artikel jurnal yang mendukung data penelitian ini. Data yang didapat kemudian diatur, disunting dan dianalisis melalui analogi deduktif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa Fatwa MUI Nomor 10 Tahun 2008 tentang nikah di bawah tangan menyatakan bahwa hukum dari nikah sirri atau nikah di bawah tangan hukumnya sah selagi pernikahan tersebut telah memenuhi syarat dan rukun nikah. Akan tetapi MUI juga memberikan keterangan lebih lanjut apabila pernikahan sirri tersebut dapat menimbulkan kemudharatan ke depannya maka hendaknya pernikahan tersebut dicatatkan kepada instansi yang berwenang.
Kata kunci: Nikah sirri, MUI, fatwa, hukum Islam.
Pemberian Sesajen untuk Ritual Ruwah Desa Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Alfiah Lailul , Asfarina Salsabilla Libnatus , Aldinar Moh. Fuad Ali
Published: February 2023

Abstract: English translation. In some Javanese traditions, there is the provision of offerings, including when ruwah village. Scholars differ on the law of offerings. This article discusses the law of giving offerings to the ritual ruwah village perspective of Islamic law. This research is a type of literature and qualitative research. Data collection is done through books and articles that are then organized, edited, and analyzed descriptively. The study results concluded that the implementation of village activities was carried out to respect the spirits of the ancestors for the sake of creating a sense of security in the local village and preserving the surrounding culture. In Islamic law, there are scholars who forbid sesajen because there is an element of shirk in the form of asking and praying to other than Allah. In addition, there is the opinion of scholars who punish the offerings for the village ruwah based on the purpose of the village ruwah ceremony. The law is haram if it is done to ask and pray for something other than Allah. But if you organize it to share with alms and establish friendship like Muslims in general, then the law is legal.
Keywords: law, offerings, ruwah, ulama, tradition.
 
Abstrak: Dalam beberapa tradisi Jawa terdapat pemberian sesajen di antaranya Ketika ruwah desa. Ulama berbeda pendapat tentang hukum sesajen. Artikel ini membahas tentang hukum pemberian sesajen untuk ritual ruwah desa perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian pustaka dan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui buku dan artikel yang kemudian diatur, disunting, dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan kegiatan sesajen ruwah desa dilakukan untuk menghormati roh para leluhur, demi terciptanya rasa aman di desa setempat, dan guna melestarikan budaya sekitar. Dalam hukum Islam, terdapat ulama yang mengharamkan sesajen karena di dalamnya terdapat unsur syirik berupa meminta dan berdoa kepada selain Allah. Selain itu terdapat pendapat ulama yang menghukumi sesajen untuk ruwah desa dengan berdasarkan tujuan diselenggarakannya upacara sesajen ruwah desa tersebut. Jika menyelenggarakannya dengan bertujuan guna meminta dan berdoa suatu hal kepada selain Allah, maka haram hukumnya. Namun jika menyelenggarakannya dengan bertujuan untuk saling berbagi dengan sedekah dan menjalin silaturahmi layaknya umat muslim pada umumnya, maka hukumnya sah-sah saja.
Kata Kunci: hukum, sesajen, ruwah, ulama, tradisi.
Hukuman bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pencabulan Pada Anak di Bawah Umur dan Perlindungan Korban
Authors: Suratin Cahaya , Zakiyah Erika , Al Ayyubi Muhammad Sholahudin , Permatasari Virancya Indah , Rochmah Zulfi Hardiyanti
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Abuse often occurs in society. The majority of those who are victims of abuse are women and children. This article discusses the punishment for perpetrators of the criminal act of sexual abuse of minors. This research is normative juridical. The collected data is analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The study results concluded that the Criminal Act of Sexual Abuse against children is regulated in Law No. 23 of 2002 and Jo Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. What is meant by a child is a child who is not yet eighteen years old. Perpetrators of child abuse can be punished with a minimum imprisonment of 5 (five) years and a maximum of 15 (fifteen) years, and a maximum fine of Rp5,000,000,000.00 (five billion rupiahs)". Protection for children as victims of the criminal act of abuse provides rest and compensation for losses that the victim has experienced, provides counselling for the victim, and provides medical services. The victim gets legal protection, especially when being a witness to the case he experienced.
Keywords: Punishment, perpetrator, criminal offence, fornication, children.
 
Abstrak: Pencabulan sering terjadi di masyarakat. Mayoritas yang menjadi korban pencabulan adalan perempuan dan anak-anak. Artikel ini membahas tentang hukuman bagi pelaku tindak pidana pencabulan anak di bawah umur. Penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa Tindak Pidana Pencabulan terhadap anak diatur dalam UU No. 23 Tahun 2002 Jo UU No 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Yang dimaksud dengan anak adalah anak yang belum berusia delapan belas tahun. Pelaku pencabulan terhadap anak bisa dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling singkat 5 (lima) tahun dan paling lama 15 (lima belas) tahun dan denda paling banyak Rp5.000.000.000,00 (lima miliar rupiah)”. Perlindungan bagi anak sebagai korban dalam tindak pidana pencabulan adalah memberikan restirusi dan kompensasi atas kerugian yang sudah dialami oleh korban, memberikan konseling bagi korban, memberikan pelayanan medis, dan korban mendapat perlindungan hukum khususnya ketika menjadi saksi atas kasus yang dialaminya.
Kata kunci: Hukuman, pelaku, tindak pidana, pencabulan, anak.
Kedudukan Dan Fungsi Pt Kustodian Sentral Efek Indonesia (KSEI) Sebagai Lembaga Penyimpanan Dan Penyelesaian Dalam Pasar Modal Indonesia
Authors: Fatma Siti , Habibi Miftakhur Rokhman
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Storage and Settlement Institutions are one of the important structures in the capital market in Indonesia. PT Kustodian Sentral Efek Indonesia (KSEI) is one of the instruments in the capital market. This article discusses KSEI as a Storage and Settlement Institution in the Capital Market in Indonesia. This research is library research, and the collected data is analyzed descriptively. The existence of KSEI in the capital market is essential because of the center of the Custodian. KSEI also supports the existence of a stock trading system without warranty in the capital market. This change is based on rapid technological developments. Based on its function, KSEI has a role in the service of storage services and settlement of securities transactions, as follows: Management of a service asset held by KSEI, service custodian, and other services, namely IPO (Initial Public Offering) and tender offers. The position and function of KSEI as a Storage and Settlement Institution in the Indonesian capital market is regulated in Law No. 8 of 1995 to hold or organize Central Custodial Services.
Keywords: KSEI, Capital Markets, Securities, Depository and Settlement Institutions.
Abstrak: Lembaga Penyimpanan dan Penyelesaian merupakan salah satu struktur penting dalam pasar modal di Indoneseia. PT Kustodian Sentral Efek Indonesia (KSEI) adalah salah satu instrumen dalam pasar modal. Artikel ini membahas tentang KSEI sebagai Lembaga Penyimpanan dan Penyelesaian dalam Pasar Modal di Indonesia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka dan data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Keberadaan KSEI dalam pasar modal sangat penting karena pusat dari Kustodian. KSEI juga mendukung keberadaan suatu sistem perdagangan saham tanpa warkat di pasar modal. Perubahan tersebut berdasarkan perkembangan teknologi yang kian pesat. Berdasarkan fungsinya, KSEI memiliki peranan dalam pelayanan jasa penyimpanan dan penyelesaian transaksi efek, sebagai berikut: Pengelolaan suatu aset jasa yang diadakan oleh KSEI, jasa custodian dan jasa lainnya yaitu IPO (Initial Public Offering) dan penawaran tender. Kedudukan dan fungsi KSEI sebagai Lembaga Penyimpanan dan Penyelesaian di pasar modal Indonesia diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1995 guna mengadakan atau menyelenggarakan Jasa Kustodian Central.
Kata kunci: KSEI, Pasar Modal, Efek, Lembaga Penyimpanan dan Penyelesaian
Tradisi Perkawinan Turun Ranjang Perspektif ‘Urf: Studi Kasus di Desa Apiapi, Bontang
Authors: Safitri Elsa Fadhilah , Sani Kurnia , Muniroh Luthfiyatul
Published: February 2023

Penelitian berjudul Analisis ‘Urf Terhadap Perkawinan Turun Ranjang. Dengan teknik pengolahan data wawancara yang kemudian diatur dan dianalisis melalui analogi kualitatif deskriptif, di katakan kualitatif karena bersifat verbal atau kata, di katakan deskrptif kerena menggambarkan dan menguraikan terhadap sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan masalah perkawinan turun ranjang ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberitahu kepada para pembaca bagaimana perkawianan turun ranjang baik menurut pendapat para ulama, mengetahui pembagian waris islamnya, serta madzab yang menghalalkan terjadinya perkawinan turun ranjang.  Hasil dari penelitian ini menghasilkan tiga kesimpulan yakni: Pertama, perkawinan merupakan perbuatan hukum yang didalamnya terdapat rukun dan syarat dari perkawinan yang sakral. Dan adapun permasalahan yang ada di Bontang Kalimantan Timur yakni terkait dengan perkawinan turun ranjang. Yang mana perkawinan tersebut oleh mantan suaminya dengan adik kandungnya guna untuk meneruskan tali persaudaraan. Kedua, mengenai status serta kedudukan perkawinan turun ranjang menurut hukum adalah selama syarat dan rukun pernikahan telah terpenuhi maka, baik secara hukum Islam, maupun undang-undang, Adat. Maka, perkawinan tersebut boleh dilakukan, kecuali apabila suaminya menikahi kakak beradik dalam waktu yang bersamaan. Ketiga, Akibat yang ditimbulkan dari perkawinan turun ranjang ini yaitu apabila terjadi putusnya perkawinan, maka para pihak yang terkait dalam perkawinan tersebut baik suami, istri, anak-anak berhak mendapatkan nafkah dari sang ayah meskipun anak-anaknya tinggal bersama mantan istrinya.  Dari ketiga kesimpulan diatas maka apabila ingin melangsungkan perkawinan harus memikirkan secara matang-matang kerena pernikahan adalah sakral, harus melihat dan mengukur pertimbangan bagi anak-anaknya tidak boleh egois dan mementingkan ego diri sendiri. Karena bagaimanapun pernikahan adalah hukumnya wajib menurut umat Nabi Muhammad SAW
Ihdad dalam Hukum Islam: Studi Komparasi Pemikiran Imam al-Bâjûrî dan Imam al-Syaukânî
Authors: Muis Moch. Zulkarnain
Published: February 2023

Artikel ini mengkaji pemikiran al-Bâjûrî dan al-Syaukânî mengenai ihdad dalam hukum Islam. Kajian ini merupakan kajian normatif dengan menggunakan  pendekatan komparatif. Artikel menunjukkan bahwa al-Bajuri dan al-Syaukânî memandang bahwa ihdad bagi wanita yang ditinggal meninggal oleh suaminya adalah wajib. Di posisi ini,  perempuan dilarang untuk berhias, memakai perhiasan, mewarnai tubuh, dan memakai pakaian dengan tujuan berhias. Beberapa hal yang diperbolehkan yaitu memakai sedikit wewangian untuk bersuci dan menyisir rambut menggunakan daun bidara. Dalam konteks ihdad, al-Bâjûrî berpendapat bahwa ihdad disunnahkan bagi wanita ditalak raj’i dan ba’in sedangkan al-Syaukâni tidak Bercelak dan memakai pakaian yang diwarna dalam keadaan tertentu boleh bagi al-Bâjûri sedangkan al-Syaukânî melarang. Al-Bâjûri mendasarkan pemikirannya pada pendapat ulama Syâfi’iyyah sedangkan al-Syaukânî pada hadis. Faktor yang mempengaruhi variasi pemikiran keduanya adalah latar belakang pendidikan dan konteks sosial dan politik.
Problematika Penerapan Sistem Informasi Desa (SID) di Indonesia
Authors: Karimullah Ach. , Maulany Redy Rifky , Amiruddin Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Village Information System (SID) is an application used to manage data in the village.  This SID is regulated in Law no. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. However, the application of SID still has problems. This article examines the problems of implementing SID in Indonesia.  This research is a library and is qualitative. The data is analysed descriptively. The results of the study concluded that the application of SID in Indonesia has challenges, both internally and externally. Internal factors in the application of SID are the completeness of village administrative data in building village information systems, the lack of village human resources in managing and developing village information systems, the attention of village communities regarding development information in villages, an application of the information system provided to the village government or developed in the village is not according to the characteristics of the village. Among the external factors is the failure of local governments to prepare information systems in villages.
Keywords: Village Information System, Law, supporting factors, factor inhibitors
Abstrak: Sistem Informasi Desa (SID) merupakan sebuah aplikasi yang digunakan untuk mengelola data di desa. SID ini diatur dalam UU no. 6 tahun 2014 tentang Desa. Meski demikian, penerapan SID di Indonesia masih terdapat kendala karena berbagai faktor. Artikel ini mengkaji tentang problematika penerapan SID di Indonesia. Penelitian ini adalah Pustaka dan bersifat kualitatif. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan SID di Indonesia memiliki tantangan, baik secara internal maupun eksternal. Faktor internal dalam penerapan SID adalah kurangnya kelengkapan data administrasi desa dalam membangun sistem informasi desa, lemahnya sumber daya manusia desa dalam mengelola dan mengembangkan sistem informasi desa, kurangnya perhatian masyarakat desa mengenai informasi pembangunan di desa, aplikasi sistem informasi yang diberikan kepada pemerintah desa atau yang dikembangkan di desa tidak sesuai dengan karakteristik desa. Di antara faktor eksternal adalah ketidaksiapan pemerintah daerah dalam menyiapkan sistem informasi di desa.
Kata kunci: Sistem Informasi Desa, Undang-undang, faktor pendukung, faktor penghambat.
Penggunaan Donor Asi Untuk Memenuhi Gizi Bayi Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Putri Adelya Jenita Prismada , Fikhriyah Roidatul
Published: February 2023

Abstract: A mother is obliged to give breast milk to her baby. However, due to certain circumstances, she could not breastfeed her baby, so she bought breast milk. This article discusses the use of breast milk donors to meet the nutritional needs of babies from female workers in terms of maslahah mursalah. This research is conducted in Banyukambang village, Wonoasri district, Madiun regency. Data collection was carried out through interviews and observations. The collected data were analysed deductively with the theory of maslahah mursalah. This study concluded that one of the cases in Wonoasri village about using breast milk donors for babies was because the milk came out a little and had to work. Hence, LS bought breast milk donors from Madiun hospital to meet the nutrition of her 1.5-month-old baby. He bought breast milk for Rp. 1,000,000 for 600 ml. From the perspective of Islamic law, breastfeeding donors to babies are allowed if they meet the terms and conditions of istirda'.  The provision of breast milk is for the baby’s benefit so that he is healthy and maintains his soul. This is according to maslahah in preserving the soul (hifz an-nafs).
Keywords: Breast milk donors, babies, working women, Islamic law.
Abstrak: Seorang ibu berkewajiban memberikan ASI kepada bayinya. Namun, karena keadaan tertentu ia tidak bisa menyusui bayinya, sehingga membeli ASI. Artikel ini membahas tentang penggunaan donor ASI untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi bayi dari pekerja perempuan ditinjau dari maslahah mursalah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan yang dilakukan di desa Banyukambang kecamatan Wonoasri kabupaten Madiun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara desuktif dengan teori maslahah mursalah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa salah satu kasus di desa Wonoasri tentang penggunaan donor ASI bagi bayi adalah karena ASI yang keluar sedikit dan harus bekerja, maka LS membeli donor ASI dari rumah sakit Madiun untuk memenuhi gizi bayinya yang masih berusia 1.5 bulan. Ia membeli ASI dengan harga Rp. 1.000.000 untuk 600 ml. Dalam perspektif hukum Islam, pemberian donor ASI kepada bayi diperbolehkan jika memenuhi syarat dan ketentuan istirda’. Pemberian ASI tersebut untuk kemaslahatan bayi agar sehat dan terjaga jiwanya. Hal tersebut sesuai dengan konsep maslahah dalam prinsip menjaga jiwa (hifz an-nafs).
Kata kunci: Donor ASI, bayi, perempuan pekerja, hukum Islam.
Pemikiran Husein Muhammad Tentang Hukum Perempuan Bekerja
Authors: Mutimmah Mutimmah , Safiullah Bakhrudin
Published: February 2023

Abstract: This article discusses hukum perempuan bekerja menurut Husein Muhammad.  The type of research that the author uses is a literature review, and the method used is descriptive analysis. This study concluded that Husein Muhammad stated that women and men in Islam have the same rights and obligations, including work. It is based on verses from the Qur'an that oblige Muslims to work and do good without distinguishing men and women. In addition, there is a historical hadith that states that the Messenger of Allah did not forbid women to work and that many female companions were actively working outside the home. Because of his thoughts, Husein Muhammad is known as the initiator of the emancipatory fiqh.
Keywords: Women work, law, interpretation, fiqh, gender.
Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang hukum perempuan bekerja menurut Husein Muhammad. Jenis penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah kajian pustaka, metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Husein Muhammad menyatakan bahwa perempuan dan laki-laki dalam Islam memiliki hak dan kewajiban yang sama, begitu juga dalam bekerja. Hal tersebut didasarkan pada ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang mewajibkan kaum muslim bekerja dan melakukan kebaikan tanpa membedakan laki-laki dan perempuan. Selain itu terdapat riwayat hadis yang menyatakan bahwa Rasulullah tidak melarang perempuan untuk bekerja dan banyak para sahabat perempuan yang aktif bekerja di luar rumah. Karena pemikirannya tersebut Husein Muhammad dikenal sebagai penggagas fiqh emansipatoris.
Kata kunci: Wanita bekerja, hukum, tafsir, fiqh, gender
Eksaminasi Terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Agama Bangkalan Nomor 1399/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Bkl Tentang Permohonan Perkara Itsbat Nikah Kontensius
Authors: Al-Hamidy Abu Dzarrin , Zahroh Fathimatuz , Fais Mohammad , Fitria Nur Lailatul , Sholeh Abd , Adawiyah Rabiatul , Rahman Lailur
Published: February 2023

Abstract: This research is entitled "Examination of Applications for Itsbat in Contentious Marriage at the Bangkalan Religious Court Number 1399/Pdt.G/2021/Pa.Bkl". . This research uses quantitative research methods and is included in library research. Which data is obtained from the Bangkalan Religious Court Decision, Journals, Articles, and other scientific works. The results of this study are that the Bangkalan Religious Court Judges made their decision on case Number 1399/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Bkl which was handed down on Wednesday, December 8, 2021 AD, coinciding with the date of 03 Jumadil Ula 1443 Hijriyah which was read out in an open session for general on the same day, the stipulation includes; Grants the applicant's application, declares that the marriage of the respondent's husband and the applicant is valid, then orders the applicant to register the marriage to the Marriage Registrar of the Tanjung Bumi Religious Affairs Office, Bangkalan Regency.

Keyword: Examination, Judgment, Itsbat Marriage Contentious

Abstrak: Penelitian ini berjudul “Eksaminasi Terhadap Permohonan Perkara Itsbat Nikah Kontensius Pada Pengadilan Agama Bangkalan Nomor 1399/Pdt.G/2021/Pa.Bkl” penelitian ini merupakan hasil penelitian pustaka yang bertujuan untuk meninjau kembali Putusan Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Agama Bangkalan terhadap perkara Itsbat nikah kontentius. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dan termasuk dalam penelitian pustaka (Library Research). Yang mana data yang diperoleh dari Putusan Pengadilan Agama Bangkalan, Jurnal, Artikel, dan karya ilmiah lainnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa Majelis Hakim Pengadila Agama Bangkalan menetapkan Putusannya pada perkara Nomor 1399/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Bkl dijatuhkan pada hari Rabu tanggal 08  Desember 2021 Masehi, bertepatan dengan tanggal 03 Jumadil Ula 1443 Hijriyah yang dibacakan dalam siding terbuka untuk umum pada hari itu juga, penetapannya meliputi; Mengabulkan permohonan pemohon, Menyatakan sah perkawinan suami termohon dengan pemohon, kemudian memerintahkan kepada pemohon untuk mencatatkan perkawinan tersebut kepada Pegawai Pencatat Nikah Kantor Urusan Agama Tanjung Bumi Kabupaten Bangkalan.

Kata kunci: Eksaminasi, Putusan, Itsbat Nikah Kontentius
Hukuman Bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual Di Kampus Dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif Dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Anam Rohmatul , Fauzi Tazkia Amelia , Setyorini Tutut Dwi , Rohmah Elva Imeldatur
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Sexual harassment is an issue of human rights which requires attention from the national and international community. Although most people care about matters relating to sexual harassment in Indonesia's global context, this issue is sometimes forgotten in local places and the campus environment. This research is a normative-empirical research that tries to identify the types of sexual harassment in Indonesian campus life and the punishments for perpetrators of sexual violence. Sexual violence is not regulated by the Al-Quran, Al-Hadith, or jarimah hadd, so these jarimah are considered ta'zir jarimah according to Islamic law. According to Permendikbud Number 30 of 2021, universities are required to provide sanctions to perpetrators of sexual violence that occur on campus so that it can provide a deterrent effect for perpetrators and also to rebuild a campus environment that is safe from crimes of sexual violence. Meanwhile, Law Number 12 of 2022 explains that someone who has a position as an official but deliberately uses his position to threaten, intimidate, persecute or embarrass for reasons of discrimination which is aimed at sexual violence, that person is subject to Article 11 or 12 with a maximum imprisonment of 12-15 years in prison.
Keywords: Sexual violence, campus, positive law, Islamic law..
 
Abstrak: Pelecehan seksual merupakan salah satu isu tentang hak asasi manusia, yang mana membutuhkan perhatian dari dunia nasional maupun internasional. Meskipun kebanyakan orang peduli pada hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan pelecehan seksual dalam konteks global di Indonesia, namun terkadang isu ini di tempat-tempat lokal bahkan di lingkungan kampus sering terlupakan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif - empiris yang mencoba mengidentifikasi macam pelecehan seksual di kehidupan kampus Indonesia serta hukuman bagi pelaku kekerasan seksual. Pada dasarnya, kekerasan seksual tidak diatur oleh Al-Quran, Al-Hadits, atau jarimah hadd, maka jarimah tersebut dianggap sebagai jarimah ta'zir menurut hukum Islam. Menurut Permendikbud Nomor 30 Tahun 2021, Perguruan tinggi wajib memberikan sanksi kepada pelaku kekerasan seksual yang terjadi di lingkungan kampus sehingga dapat memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku dan juga untuk membangun kembali lingkungan kampus yang aman dari kejahatan kekerasan seksual. Sedangkan menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 menjelaskan bahwa sesorang yang memiliki kedudukan sebagai pejabat, namun dengan sengaja menggunakan jabatannya untuk mengancam, mengintimidasi, melakukan persekusi atau mempermalukan atas alasan diskriminasi yang hal tersebut bertujuan untuk kekerasan seksual maka orang tersebut dikenai pasal 11 atau 12 dengan pidana penjara maksimal 12 – 15 tahun penjara.
Kata kunci: Kekerasan seksual, kampus, hukum positif, hukum Islam.
Quasi-rynek edukacyjny
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Boryczko Marcin
Published: February 2023

The text presents positions with reference to the issue of privatization of education. The aim of this review of literature is to show the specificity and changeability of the phenomenon of the quasi-market in the international perspective. It is also a purpose of the text to present the reasoning of supporters and opponents of market solution implementation strategies. The article introduces the Polish reader to theories, issues, and positions discussed in the western humanities filling the apparent gap in the Polish literature. The text contains an analysis of current articles and books taking up issues of privatization of the education. At the same time, it attempts to systematize issues connected with the quasimarket. A new perspective is based on the effort to settle analogous changes (taking place in the Polish educational system) in the wider context of globalization processes influencing the shape of education. One of the conclusions is that the Polish educational reform was, among others, aimed at implementing market mechanisms into the domain of education. In spite of its obvious imitative character, its authors managed, at least partially, to carry out postulates of privatization of education. On the other hand, the assessment of these transformations cannot be completely unambiguous. In order to judge this phenomenon, one should take into consideration its non-economic consequences, e.g. segregation and enlargement of social inequalities.
Cierpkie owoce reformy edukacji – perspektywa psychologiczna
Authors:   Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Farnicka Marzanna , Liberska Hanna ,   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego
Published: February 2023

Specialist literature presents different models of educational systems which put emphasis on various aspects of students’ development and indicate different benchmarks for the evaluation of the effects of education. Some systems stress students’ submission to teachers, some – attach great importance to students’ activity and development of students’ individuality, whereas others promote external evaluation of the effects of education, to which students’ work at school is subordinated. The Polish education reform of 1999 was based on the assumption that education should be adjusted to the conditions of the present time, i.e. flexible functioning of individuals and groups, mobility and capability to change fast. In general, the key goal of the reform was to develop the ability to adapt to new flexible conditions of the modern era. It means that the objective of the 21st century school is not so much to provide students with knowledge as to develop their ability to cooperate with other students and to work in groups. Accordingly, students need to trust themselves and others, as well as identify their own potential, i.e. their strengths and weaknesses. Different research on various aspects of the effectiveness of the reform in the last ten years has revealed that present-day school does not develop students’ (and teachers’) individual activity enough, and in some cases disapproves of it. The analysis of the research into the functioning of the educational system has led the authors to the conclusion that there are distinct deficiencies in the implementation of the reform. Contrary to expectations, changes in the educational system have not resulted in faster and full actualization of the developmental potential of individuals. Therefore the change of the manner of functioning of the education system seems to be essential in preparing the society for the challenges of the 21th century
Kultura twórczych dyskusji. Komunikat z badań eksperymentalnych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Okraj Zofia
Published: February 2023

The article presents the results of experimental research on the culture of creative thinking that consists of its: characteristics, purposes, contents, principles, forms, methods of discussions, and didactic means used to activate students’ creative thinking. The research has also allowed to learn how important in the process of stimulation of students’ creative thinking are such conditions as: atmosphere of discussion, appearance of critical expressions destroying ideas (“idea killers”), and moderators’ personality traits. The main results of the described cycle of creative discussion are: stimulation of students’ creative thinking, teaching students the culture of creative discussion and strategy of “attacking” problems by generating many various and original ideas to solve problems, increasing students’ awareness of their own potential of creativity, and obtaining the ability of discussing and cooperating in teams / groups.
Nauczyciel w „zwierciadle” kultury wirtualnej i wizualnej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Huk Tomasz
Published: February 2023

The school forms the specific society, which creates a specific for student and teacher language, behaviours and products. They penetrate from the real world into the virtual world, constructing the peculiar virtual and visual culture. In the article the culture of this type was analysed, with reference to the person of teacher. Presented situations, based on films about teachers, placed in the Internet by students as well as based on press reports, illustrate the process of creating the culture seen in „a distorting mirror”.
Prawne i praktyczne aspekty wolontariatu w działalności polskich partii politycznych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Bejma Agnieszka
Published: February 2023

Voluntary activity is a form of civic activity, which is an essential part of modern, wellfunctioning democracy, both at the local and national levels. Popular ideas identify volunteering with work in community centers, rehabilitation centers for the disabled, hospices, nursing homes for the elderly, orphanages, and homes for single mothers. Meanwhile, as it was confirmed by the study of the Klon/Jawor and CBOS, voluntary activity is not just purely social and supportive one. Volunteers, as is the case in other countries, support with their work organizations of political nature – movements, committees, and political groups. The use of their support intensifies especially during election campaigns, when volunteers perform different tasks: gather signatures on lists of candidates in the election, organize rallies and campaign trails, lead wide campaigning – handing out leaflets and urging to vote for particular candidates or political parties, prepare handouts, and update web pages, blogs and profiles in social networks. This voluntary, and – what needs to be especially emphasized – also conscious involvement in political activity, is a manifestation of a particular group of civic participation in its political dimension.
Zaawansowane szkolenia dla wolontariuszy : formy, cele, problemy. Teoretyczne i praktyczne implikacje dla normatywnej idei wolontariatu
Authors:   Freie Universität Berlin, Niemcy, Jackiewicz Łukasz , Rau Melanie ,   Freie Universität Berlin, Niemcy
Published: February 2023

Social participation of citizens in the form of volunteering is an important part of the normative idea of civil society. With the development of volunteering and its systematic support from the government, as well from European institutions, we can observe an increasing number of trainings for volunteers. The purpose of most of these trainings, in addition to the promotion of volunteering, is to reduce the cost of participation by increasing the resources of the course participants needed to implement projects. However, from a theoretical point of view, we can assume that there is social selectivity in such trainings which results from inequalities in the social system. In particular, in the educational systems and unequal access to the structures of mobilization. Based on the data gathered during the evaluation (pre- and post-test) of training for young volunteers in Switzerland (treib.stoff Academy), we tested the hypotheses about unequal access to trainings, egoistic motivation to participate, and social selectivity of gains in skills and knowledge. The results showed i.e. that informal recruitment has a positive impact on access of trainees with a migrant background. In addition, we discussed the practical implications of the issues outlined in the normative idea of volunteering.
Суб’єкти медіаіндустрії: проблеми систематизації
Authors:   Одеський національний університет імені І.І. Мечникова, Україна, Булат Наталія
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to systematisation of media industry subjects. Considering that the field of media is extensive and activity of media industry of each media branch is regulated by separate legal normative acts, tere are difficulties regarding unified understanding what subjects may be considered media industry subjects, what main functions they have, how the terms of media industry subjects correlate with each other, etc. The article aims to systematise subjects of media industry, whose activity is provided by the current legislation of Ukraine. The author addresses the key legal normative acts a field of media (the Law of Ukraine “On Information Agencies”, the Law of Ukraine “On Television and Radio Broadcasting”, the Law of Ukraine “On Advertising” and the Law of Ukraine “On Publishing”), analyses relevant provisions, and based on this determines the following subjects of media industry: information agencies, publishers (manufacturers), and distributors of information agency products (according to the Law of Ukraine “On Information Agencies”), subjects of information activity in television and radio broadcasting, particularly television and radio organisations and other subjects (a broadcaster, a multi-channel television network operator, a programme service provider and a production studio (independent producer)) in a form of legal entities, and other subjects (a broadcaster, a multi-channel television network operator, a programme service provider, and a production studio (independent producer)) as individual entrepreneurs (according to the Law of Ukraine “On Television and Radio Broadcasting”), advertising producers and disseminators (according to the Law of Ukraine “On Advertising”), publishers, producers and distributors of publishing products (according to the Law of Ukraine “On Publishing”). The article justifies a necessity of the harmonisation of norms determining media industry subjects while improving the legislation in media.
A Brief Overview of Scientific and Publicistic Writings of Major Archbishop of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church Josyf Slipyi
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ukraine, Proniuk Mariia
Published: February 2023

This paper presents the analysis of the writings of Archbishop Josyf Slipyi (1892–1984). All of them were collected, systematized, and published during 1968–2003 by his close collaborators – Ivan Khoma, Ivan Yatsiv, Yurii Fedoriv, and Ivan Muzycka. The title of this work is “Opera Omnia Josephi (Slipyi-Kobernyckyj-Dyčkovskyj) archiepiscopi maioris”. Today, we have eighteen volumes of scientific works, sketches, reviews, monographs, travel notes and articles. All of them were previously published in various editions. In the article, we divide them into two blocks. The first part is the writings of the first period of Josyf Slipyi’s activity. Most of them have theological content. The other part is the texts with different objectives: the philosophical and theological dimension, the history of dogmas, the history of ecclesiastical culture, and the historical essays: pedagogical, biographies and articles. The author deals with different themes in daily life. The value of Josyf Slipyi’s writings is the possibility of understanding the situation of his time. His suggestions remain current even today, not only for the ecclesial hierarchy but also for all Christians. Archbishop Josyf worked hard all his life for the Church’s and his homeland’s good. He had a broad vision and never focused on working in a specific direction, but he cared about providing a wide range of spiritual, material and cultural needs of Ukrainians and then in the Diaspora. He left a valuable legacy to his descendants, particularly in his scientific works.
Biomechanical effect of vibration on a fused lumbar spine with different stabilisers
Authors: Fan Wei , Zhang Chi , Zhao Dan , Guo Li-Xin
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to compare the effects of whole-body vibration on the biomechanics of a fused lumbar spine with different posterior stabilisers, including an interspinous process spacer (IPS) and a bilateral pedicle screw system (BPSS). A finite-element model of lumbar interbody fusion with an IPS or a BPSS at the L4–L5 level was constructed based on a healthy human whole lumbar spine. Transient dynamic and static analyses were employed to compute the dynamic responses of deformation and stress for the models to a sinusoidal axial vibration load of ±40 N and its corresponding static axial loads (−40 and 40 N), respectively. The results showed that for both the IPS and BPSS models, the vibration amplitudes of the responses were significantly higher than the corresponding changing amplitudes under static loads. The increasing effect of vibration load on endplate stress at L4–L5 reached 128.3 and 146.0% for the IPS and BPSS models, respectively. In contrast, the increasing effects of vibration load on disc bulge and annulus stress at adjacent L3–L4 were nearly the same for these two models. This indicates that the vibration sensitivity of a fused level is lower when using an IPS compared with that when using a BPSS, but there is no obvious difference in the vibration sensitivity of the adjacent level when using these two stabilisers.
Prevención de la ansiedad en estudiantes de instituciones educativas de media vocacional
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Salamanca Velandia Sandra Rocío , Marín Mancipe Juliana , González Silvia Alejandra , Pérez Acevedo Elenith
Published: February 2023

El objetivo de la siguiente guía es plantear diferentes estrategias por medio de ejercicios didácticos que pueden utilizarse en el aula de clase y nos permitan disminuir la ansiedad en estudiantes de los grados 9. °, 10. ° y 11. ° de instituciones educativas de media vocacional. Todo esto con el fin de poder aminorar los niveles de ansiedad de la población adolescente, particularmente en escenarios cotidianos que representan gran importancia para la presencia de sucesos significativos en la vida de esta población, tal como son las aulas de clase.
A Comparative Study of the Cytohistomorphological and Biochemical Effect of Alcoholic Beverages (Brandy, Beer, Sour Wine, Dry Gin) on the Testes of Adult Male Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo., Umoh Idorenyin , Umanah Samuel ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo., Ephraim Abasiekeme ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo., Udoh Patience ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo., Eshiet Precious Azodo, Emilia ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo.
Published: February 2023

This study was designed to evaluate the cytohistomorphological and biochemical effect of alcoholic beverages on the prostate gland of adult male Wistar rats. Sixty-five (65) rats weighing between 180-230g were used for this experiment. They were randomly divided into 13 groups of five (5) animals each. Group 1 was the normal control. Group 2-13 were the experiment groups. Group 2, 3 and 4 were treated with 1.23mg/kg, 2.45mg/kg and 3.68mg/kg bodyweight of brandy respectively. Group 5, 6 and 7 were treated with 17.32mg/kg, 34.64mg/kg and 51.96mg/kg body weight of beer respectively. Group 8, 9 and 10 were treated with 12.25mg/kg, 24.96mg/kg and 36.74mg/kg bodyweight of soured wine respectively. Group 11, 12 and 13 were treated with 1.73mg/kg, 3.46mg/kg and 5.20mg/kg bodyweight of dry gin respectively. Administration was done daily for 28 days and orally using orogastric tube. On the 29th day, the animals were sacrificed using chloroform inhalation anaesthesia. The blood samples were aspirated via cardiac puncture and centrifuged for biochemical analysis, and testicular tissues were harvested, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, processed, and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Body weight showed significant (p<0.05) increase in brandy administered groups compared to control. For testicular weight, there was an insignificant increase in all the treated groups except the group administered with 3.69mg/kg which showed insignificant decrease compared to control. Results for TT showed a general significant (p<0.001) decrease in all administered groups compared to control. FSH showed significant (p<0.05;0.01;0.001) decrease in group administered 3.69mg/kg of brandy, all administered groups of soured wine and group administered 5.20mg/kg of dry gin compared to control. Histology showed narrowed and elongated lumen of seminiferous tubule, hypertrophied sertoli cells, destroyed interstitial cells of leydig, distorted seminiferous tubules with degenerating spermatogenic cells in the administered groups compared to control. In conclusion, alcohol beverages pose adverse effects on the testes. KEYWORDS: Alcoholic Beverages, Testes, Histology, Testosterone, FSH.
Comparative Morphological and Morphometrical Analysis of Atrio-Ventricular Valves of Human and Porcine
Authors:   Assistant professor, Sri Muthukumaran Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India., Supadevi. S  , K. Vijaykumar  ,   Assistant professor of Anatomy, Symbiosis Medical College for Women (SMCW), Symbiosis International (Deemed) University (SIU), lavale, Pune, India., Supasakthi. S  ,   Consultant pathologist, Kongunadu hospital, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India., Manimozhian. N  ,   Consultant paediatrician, Mrithun child care clinic, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: February 2023

There is increased incidence of valvular heart diseases in recent years due to life style modifications. The mortality rates in valvular diseases are kept in pace using various modalities of treatments. One such lifesaving treatment is valve replacement surgeries. These are done by using mechanical valve prosthesis or tissue grafts. The tissue valves prosthesis, harvested from porcine heart are called as xenograft and are increasingly used in valve repair and replacement surgeries. In the present scenario, there is a smaller number of systematically analysed literatures available on the comparative anatomy of human and porcine heart valves. Hence this study was carried out to acquire knowledge and to put forth some points to future research works on heart valves. In this study, 20 formalin fixed porcine and human hearts were procured from slaughter house and cadavers respectively. The morphology and morphometry of tricuspid valve and mitral valve was observed and analysed using spss software 20 version. All the dependent variables were compared using student t test and independent sample test. The results were tabulated and compared. It was observed that the tricuspid and the mitral valve of the porcine resembles the corresponding human heart valves in morphology and morphometry and their values were coinciding to their maximum. The porcine valve resembles human heart valves in morphology and it can be used in designing valve substitutes in replacement surgeries. Porcine valve can also be used as bio-prosthesis by matching the morphometry and by reducing the geometrical difference to their minimum by using any interventional radiology. KEY WORDS: Tissue Graft, Porcine, Tricuspid Valve, Mitral Valve, Morphology And Morphometry.
A Multipurpose Cadaveric Prosection for Anatomy Education
Authors:   Department of Science Education, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/ Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, U.S.A., Knutson Shannon , Bassey Rosemary B. ,   Department of Science Education, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/ Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, U.S.A.
Published: February 2023

The use of dissections had been the core approach to anatomy education for undergraduate medical and allied health sciences for centuries. However, the move towards integration of basic and clinical sciences has resulted in the decline of gross anatomy as a separate subject in many medical schools in the United States. This has led to the creative use of various technological tools in instruction, but the benefits of cadavers in comprehending the complexities of the human structure cannot be overlooked. Moreover, with the use of prosections becoming a popular alternative, systematic techniques for prosection are needed to maximize their efficient utilization. Here, we present a detailed technique for preparation of a multipurpose cadaveric prosection with conserved anatomical relationships for use in demonstrating surface and gross anatomy. KEY WORDS: Dissection, Prosection, Gross anatomy, Integrated curriculum, Medical education.
Impossible Chess, Close Reading, and Inattention as Disability in Percival Everett’s Telephone
Authors: Eve Martin Paul , Eve Martin Paul
Published: February 2023

Percival Everett’s Telephone (2021) is a novel published, by deliberate design, in three very different versions. Ostensibly, the author has claimed in interview, this choice was to test the boundaries of authorial authority and to delegate interpretative control to the reader. In this article, I argue that such a stance is disingenuous. Telephone is, instead, a novel that continually withholds information from the reader and that ultimately frustrates close reading techniques. In doing so, the text casts the reader into the mental viewpoint of the terminally ill child in the novel, Sarah, who suffers from the progressive neurological condition Batten disease. The outcome is that Telephone should be read as a novel that pathologizes readerly inattention but that, as a result, passes innovative comment on disability narratives in fiction more broadly.