bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Badoh-Pathari Saptamātṛ Panel Inscription
Authors: Balogh Dániel
Published: August 2019

Located in Vidisha District, Madhya Pradesh, the area of Badoh-Pathari is home to a rock shelter with a sculpted panel depicting seven mother goddesses. A weathered inscription next to the sculptures was reported as early as 1926. The inscription is dateable to the fifth century on the basis of its palaeography and the art-historical dating of the site. Though partly effaced beyond hope of decipherment, roughly half of the text can be read with confidence, while some of the rest may be restored conjecturally, and some speculatively. The epigraph pays homage to Rudra and Skanda in addition to the Mothers themselves, and is thus a key resource concerning mātṛ worship in the Gupta period. It mentions the otherwise unknown local ruler Jayatsena of Avamukta (a region also named in the Allahabad pillar inscription), and may refer to the reign of Kumāragupta (I).
New genus and species of cockroaches from the tribe Brachycolini (Blattaria: Blaberidae: Blaberinae) and redescription of the Hormetica strumosa
Authors: VIDLIČKA ĽUBOMÍR
Published: August 2019

From the tribe Brachycolini Beier, 1961 new genus with one species Quadrihormetica onorei Vidlička, gen. et sp. n. and species Lucihormetica yasuniana Vidlička, sp. n. from the region Oriente (Amazon), Ecuador are described. The new genus is clearly distinguished from all other genera by specific shape of pronotum. The male of Hormetica strumosa is redescribed and illustrated; his female is the first time described.
On three symbiotic species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 from the Indo-West Pacific, including one new to science (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Caridea)
Authors: ANKER ARTHUR
Published: August 2019

Three species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 associated with burrows of other decapod crustaceans are reported from various Indo-West Pacific localities. Salmoneus venustus sp. nov. is described based on material collected at two distant localities, Nha Trang Bay, southern Vietnam, the type locality of the new species, and the Yiti-Sifah region east of Muscat, northern Oman. Both specimens were collected with the aid of a suction pump applied to burrow entrances or mounds in muddy sand; the holotype was possibly associated with burrows of the callianassid ghost shrimp, Glypturus sp. Salmoneus venustus sp. nov. shares many characteristics with S. latirostris (Coutière, 1897), including the red banding of the pleon, but can be distinguished from S. latirostris and all other species of the genus by a unique combination of morphological characters. The large-sized Salmoneus brucei Komai, 2009 is reported from Sumba, central Indonesia, representing a significant southward extension of the species’ previously known distribution range and the first record since its original description. The callianassid ghost shrimp Lepidophthalmus cf. rosae (Nobili, 1904) is recorded as a new host of S. brucei. Finally, Salmoneus colinorum De Grave, 2004, associated with burrows of larger snapping shrimps from the Alpheus malabaricus Fabricius, 1798 species complex, is reported for the first time from Madang, Papua New Guinea, representing an eastward extension of the species’ previously known distribution range.
Alpheus perlas, sp. nov., a new infaunal snapping shrimp from the Pacific coast of Panama (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Alpheidae)
Authors: ANKER ARTHUR , PACHELLE PAULO P.G.
Published: August 2019

A new snapping shrimp, Alpheus perlas sp. nov., is described based on a single complete male specimen collected on a shallow mudflat at Casayeta Island in the Las Perlas Archipelago, Gulf of Panama. The new species belongs to the large A. edwardsii (Audouin, 1821) species group characterised essentially by the presence of two notches on the major chela palm, with the dorsal notch extending posteriorly on the mesial surface. Within the eastern Pacific members of the A. edwardsii group, A. perlas sp. nov. appears to be morphologically closest to A. latus Kim & Abele, 1988 and A. burukovskyi Anker & Pachelle, 2015. Alpheus perlas sp. nov. does not seem to be specially adapted for digging and may be inquiline of a larger burrowing host, which currently remains unknown.
Description of Ditylenchus paraparvus n. sp. from Iran with an updated list of Ditylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (Nematoda: Anguinidae)
Authors: HASHEMI KOBRA , KAREGAR AKBAR
Published: August 2019

During a survey, 12 known and one new species of Ditylenchus Filipjev, 1936 were collected from southern provinces of Iran during 2013–2017. Ditylenchus paraparvus n. sp. is characterised by a short body length (441–543 µm), lateral field with four lines, delicate and short stylet (6–7.5 µm) with small rounded or posteriorly sloping knobs, pyriform and offset basal pharyngeal bulb, V = 67.7–76.4, short post-vulval uterine sac less than one vulval body width long, small spicules (12.5–15 µm) and almost cylindrical tail (71–90 µm) with rounded end. Morphometric data of studied species are presented and intraspecific variation of their morphometrics and morphological characters is discussed. The list of the world Ditylenchus species is updated, and a dichotomous identification key and an updated tabular compendium for 63 valid species is provided.
Effect of Liposomal Bupivacaine on Postoperative Opioid Requirements for Total Hip Arthroplasty, Total Knee Arthroplasty, Laminectomy, Hysterectomy, and Abdominoplasty Procedures
Authors: Bradford J. Lacie , Turner Beatrice , Van Berkel Megan A.
Published: August 2019

Purpose: Opioid use postoperatively has been linked to adverse events and an increase in opioid dependency. This retrospective study evaluated the effect of using liposomal bupivacaine (LB) for postoperative pain control on total opioid consumption, pain control, serious opioid-related adverse events (ORAEs), and hospital length of stay (LOS) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), total hip arthroplasty (THA), laminectomy, hysterectomy, and abdominoplasty procedures when compared with a control group. Methods: Patients receiving LB from August 1, 2017, to February 1, 2018, for the aforementioned procedures were included for evaluation, and patients undergoing similar procedures who did not receive LB served as the control group. The principal outcome was opioid consumption through postoperative day 5 or discharge, whichever came first, assessed by morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs). Secondary outcomes included pain scores within 72 hours postoperation, hospital LOS, and serious ORAEs. Results: A total of 323 patients were identified for inclusion in the study: TKA, n = 144; THA, n = 48; laminectomy, n = 73; hysterectomy, n = 30; and abdominoplasty, n = 28. Liposomal bupivacaine use was associated with reduced postoperative opioid consumption compared with alternative therapies with a median 71 MME (25%-75%; interquartile range [IQR] = 32.5-148.5) versus 102 MME (25%-75%; IQR = 57-165), P < .005. However, higher numeric pain scores were reported in the LB group compared with the control group for postoperative day 0 with a median of 5.5 (25%-75%; IQR = 4.5-7.4) versus 5.5 (25%-75%; IQR = 4-7) in the control group ( P < .001) and on postoperative day 1 with a median of 6 (25%-75%; IQR = 4.5-7) versus 5.5 (25%-75%; IQR = 4.3-7), P < .001. There was no difference in hospital LOS or ORAEs. Conclusion: In this retrospective analysis of pain management after TKA, THA, laminectomy, hysterectomy, and abdominoplasty procedures, patients receiving LB consumed significantly less opioid medications. However, this was not associated with clinically meaningful improvements in pain scores, hospital LOS, or serious ORAEs.
Towards better understanding of vegetable market functioning: The Lithuanian cases of fresh tomatoes and cucumbers
Authors: Jurkėnaitė Nelė , Paparas Dimitrios
Published: August 2019

The efficiency of the European Union vegetable market depends on the ability of Member States to identify and solve market functioning problems of particular agricultural commodities. The goal is to investigate the vertical price transmission along the fresh tomato and cucumber supply chains in Lithuania. The article contributes to the scarce research on the Lithuanian vegetable market, enriching the previous studies with fresh tomato and cucumber cases. The study employs unit root tests, the Johansen and the Engle–Granger co-integration tests, describes error correction model coefficients and provides results of the Granger causality test and momentum threshold autoregressive test for asymmetry. Results of price transmission analysis show the presence of the long-run asymmetry within the studied value chains suggesting that the markets are not efficient; however, the market of cucumbers returns to an equilibrium quicker. Finally, the study confirms that in both cases, there are long-term relationships between retail and farm prices, while the causality is running from farm to retail level in both markets.
A computer vision system for objective fabric smoothness appearance assessment with an ensemble classifier
Authors: Wang Jingan , Shi Kangjun , Wang Lei , Pan Ruru , Gao Weidong
Published: August 2019

Fabric smoothness appearance assessment plays an important role in the textile and apparel industry. To evaluate fabric smoothness objectively, different methods have been proposed based on computer vision technology. To further improve the performance and promote the application of the assessment methods, this paper reports a hybrid computer vision system for objective assessment of fabric smoothness appearance with an ensemble classifier to integrate the advantages of the different image feature sets, which are extracted based on different image processing technologies. The image acquisition environment is established in this system with the selection of illumination parameters—intensity, position angle and altitudinal angle—by a designed strategy. The main steps of the strategy include determination of priority by information gain analysis and parameter selection by classifier performance analysis. The support vector machine classifiers trained by each feature sets are grouped into an ensemble by a self-adapting weighted voting method and the redundant feature sets are eliminated based on the weights of the feature sets. The final result shows evaluation accuracies with 82.86% under 0-degree error, 97.14% under 0.5-degree error and 100% under 1-degree error, which outperforms the other methods in the same environment and verifies the applicability of the proposed system.
Role of fabric properties, moisture and friction in transfer of bacteria from fabric to fabric
Authors: Varshney Swati , Pandey Prashant , Gupta Deepti , Sharma Shilpi
Published: August 2019

With increasing reports of textiles serving as vectors for the transmission of infections, it is crucial to study the factors influencing such transfers. This is of concern in various sectors, including healthcare and hospitality, where fabrics constitute an integral part. A better understanding of the fabric types that discourage microbial transfer could help to formulate guidelines for uniforms and other apparels in these sectors. This study aimed to assess the transferability of bacteria from fabrics considering the following factors: fibre and fabric type, moisture and friction. The transfer of bacterial genera important in healthcare settings was quantified with and without application of friction: Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus from seven different fabrics (cotton, silk, viscose, wool, polyester, polypropylene and a polyester-cotton blend). Amongst the fabrics, transferability was observed to be maximal in polyester followed by viscose, while polypropylene showed the least transfer. Transfer of bacteria was favored by moisture and the application of friction. The study brings forth a correlation between fabric type and the transfer of bacterial cells between fabrics.
Fellow travellers on different paths: A conversation with Charles Taylor
Authors: Meijer Michiel , Taylor Charles
Published: August 2019

This interview with Charles Taylor explores a central concern throughout his work, namely, his concern to ‘reenchant’ self and world through a careful examination of value as emanating from the world rather than from ourselves. It focuses especially on the status of his central doctrine of ‘strong evaluation’ against the background of mainstream meta-ethical theories, such as neo-Kantian constructivism and robust realist non-naturalism. Additionally, the relationship between Taylor’s theism and his moral–political philosophy is discussed. A key issue that is examined is what ontological background picture can make sense of the strong evaluative experience of higher worth. Some other related issues that are explored revolve around Taylor’s papers ‘Disenchantment-Reenchantment’ and ‘Recovering the Sacred’, which tentatively explore the meaning of reenchantment.
Life at the Margins: Marginality and Race in Undergraduate Students and Faculty
Authors: Englund Heather , Basler Jennifer
Published: August 2019

The United States has become increasingly diverse, but this same rise in diversity is not reflected in the nursing profession. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marginality and minority status for nursing students in two states with very different racial/ethnic minority profiles. Marginality was measured using the Koci Marginality Index. When comparing students by geographical region, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups with regard to the marginality subconcepts of intermediacy, differentiation, power, secrecy, voice, liminality, and reflectiveness. Data were also collected from nurse faculty at each of the universities in Texas and Wisconsin. Findings suggest that there are significant differences between the two faculty samples with regard to advising, tutoring, and mentoring activities, as well as referral of minority students to campus resources. Marginalization is a complicated, deeply entrenched issue that continues to significantly impact minority nursing students across the nation.
Knowing “the Roma”: Visual technologies of sorting populations and the policing of mobility in Europe
Authors: Plájás Ildikó Z , M’charek Amade , van Baar Huub
Published: August 2019

This paper examines ways of knowing “the Roma” as a category of people. It attends to mobility and its obstructions, and the ways that coincide with bureaucratic, institutional, and everyday modes of sorting and racializing groups of people. Our case study is situated in Romania. Whereas “the Roma” do not exist as a category in the Romanian national registry of citizens, mainstream public discourses regarding “Roma migration” have significantly proliferated over the past decades. Yet, how do authorities come to know “the Roma” and how do they render groups of citizens into racialized populations? We examine two bureaucratic practices in Romania, the census and the registry of citizens, and show how the latter is enacted through various “technologies of vision.” We focus on the category of “the Roma” as a material semiotic configuration enacted by various “data” regarding issues such as territorial segregation, phenotypic appearance, smell, and dialect. Situated at the intersection of Border and Surveillance Studies, Romani Studies, and Science and Technologies Studies, this paper contributes to debates about how “the Roma” are rendered visible in practices of identification and migration management in Europe.
A comparative case study of couples programming to support relationship quality in Nepal and Rwanda
Authors: Stern Erin , McGhee Susi , Ferguson Gemma , Clark Cari Jo
Published: August 2019

Although intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence against women, there is limited understanding of best practices to prevent IPV through working directly with couples and supporting quality of relationships. There are valid concerns of safely conducting research and programming with couples. Yet couples programming responds to the fact that many couples may want to stay together but require support and skills to manage violence. This article compares evaluation data of two programs in Nepal and Rwanda that worked with couples to support relationship quality. The Indashyikirwa program in Rwanda implemented a 5-month curriculum with couples to support equitable, nonviolent relationships. Approximately 25% of trained partners of couples were further supported as community activists for an additional 2 years. Change Starts at Home in Nepal implemented a 9-month couples’ curriculum to promote equitable and violence free relationships through fostering mutual respect and understanding, alongside a weekly radio program. The last 3 months of the curriculum focused on community outreach and awareness. This article draws on longitudinal qualitative interviews conducted separately with 28 partners of couples before, immediately after and 1 year following the couples’ curriculum in Rwanda, and with 36 partners of couples before, 6 months into the curriculum, and at the end of the intervention in Nepal. Thematic analysis of couples’ accounts was conducted and compared across the two studies. Despite the different interventions and settings, the cross-comparative analysis suggests similar pathways of change among couples, including enhanced relationship quality and skills as mediators to prevent IPV. This article considers how both programs supported greater communication and conflict resolution skills and a sense of unity and shared power among couples. The findings suggest the value of couples programming within the context of an enabling environment, highly trained facilitators, and strong referral networks.
Professional liability and patient safety in thromboembolic disease
Authors: Oller-Grau Mar , Gómez-Durán Esperanza L , Martin-Fumadó Carles , Roche Enric , Arimany-Manso Josep
Published: August 2019

Objectives

As a potentially preventable severe event, venous thromboembolism can lead to malpractice claims. We aim to identify characteristics of claimed events and to assess possible association between guidelines compliance and professional liability.

Methods

We analyzed every claim of alleged medical negligence following venous thromboembolism registered at the Catalan Council of Medical Colleges from 1986 to 2014.

Results

A total of 100 claims related to venous thromboembolism were identified. In 24 cases, out of 95 closed-claims, medical professional liability was the outcome. The specialty with more complaints was Orthopaedic Surgery. In 43 cases, venous thromboembolism occurred in low-risk patients with no prophylaxis prescribed. Professionals’ conduct followed the official guidelines in 73 cases but still 11 of them ended up in professional liability. Nevertheless, liability outcome was significantly associated with non-compliance of guidelines, as well as the absence of a prophylaxis ( p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Guidelines should be considered not only a patient safety measure but also a relevant issue towards determining the standard of care required in law. However, guidelines compliance does not qualify automatically as an affirmative defense in claims. It is individualized prophylaxis and protocols compliance that makes clinical practice safe and at the same time avoids medical professional liability.
Robotic pick-and-place of novel objects in clutter with multi-affordance grasping and cross-domain image matching
Authors: Zeng Andy , Song Shuran , Yu Kuan-Ting , Donlon Elliott , Hogan Francois R. , Bauza Maria , Ma Daolin , Taylor Orion , Liu Melody , Romo Eudald , Fazeli Nima , Alet Ferran , Chavan Dafle Nikhil , Holladay Rachel , Morona Isabella , Nair Prem Qu , Green Druck , Taylor Ian , Liu Weber , Funkhouser Thomas , Rodriguez Alberto
Published: August 2019

This article presents a robotic pick-and-place system that is capable of grasping and recognizing both known and novel objects in cluttered environments. The key new feature of the system is that it handles a wide range of object categories without needing any task-specific training data for novel objects. To achieve this, it first uses an object-agnostic grasping framework to map from visual observations to actions: inferring dense pixel-wise probability maps of the affordances for four different grasping primitive actions. It then executes the action with the highest affordance and recognizes picked objects with a cross-domain image classification framework that matches observed images to product images. Since product images are readily available for a wide range of objects (e.g., from the web), the system works out-of-the-box for novel objects without requiring any additional data collection or re-training. Exhaustive experimental results demonstrate that our multi-affordance grasping achieves high success rates for a wide variety of objects in clutter, and our recognition algorithm achieves high accuracy for both known and novel grasped objects. The approach was part of the MIT–Princeton Team system that took first place in the stowing task at the 2017 Amazon Robotics Challenge. All code, datasets, and pre-trained models are available online at http://arc.cs.princeton.edu/
Feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness of an occupation-focused cognitive self-management program for breast cancer survivors
Authors: Newman Robin , Lyons Kathleen Doyle , Coster Wendy J , Wong Jasin , Festa Kate , Ko Naomi Y
Published: August 2019

Introduction

The purpose of this research was to assess the feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness of a program to support the occupational performance of urban breast cancer survivors living with cancer-related cognitive impairment.

Method

Participants ( n = 15) reporting cognitive changes following breast cancer treatment were enrolled in an occupation-focused self-management program. Occupational performance challenges, activity level, subjective cognitive function and quality of life were measured at the beginning, end and 3 months after completion of the program.

Results

Participants reported high satisfaction with the program and high confidence in their problem-solving and goal-setting skills. The 11 participants who completed the post-program assessment showed significant increases in self-perceived performance and satisfaction in daily living, participation, physical and functional wellbeing and perceived cognitive impairment.

Conclusion

The program was feasible for a vulnerable, socio-economically diverse patient population, acceptable to participants and may have positive effects on occupational performance.
Current understanding of pineal gland structure and function in headache
Authors: Peres Mario FP , Valença Marcelo M , Amaral Fernanda G , Cipolla-Neto José
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The pineal gland plays an important role in biological rhythms, circadian and circannual variations, which are key aspects in several headache disorders.

Overview

Melatonin, the main pineal secreting hormone, has been extensively studied in primary and secondary headache disorders. Altered melatonin secretion occurs in many headache syndromes. Experimental data show pineal gland and melatonin both interfere in headache animal models, decreasing trigeminal activation. Melatonin has been shown to regulate CGRP and control its release.

Discussion

Melatonin has been used successfully as a treatment for migraine, cluster headaches and other headaches. There is a rationale for including the pineal gland as a relevant brain structure in the mechanisms of headache pathophysiology, and melatonin as a treatment option in primary headache.
Comparative Clinical Outcomes After Intra-articular Injection With Adipose-Derived Cultured Stem Cells or Noncultured Stromal Vascular Fraction for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Yokota Naomasa , Hattori Mari , Ohtsuru Tadahiko , Otsuji Masaki , Lyman Stephen , Shimomura Kazunori , Nakamura Norimasa
Published: August 2019

Background:

Intra-articular injection of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has shown promise for improving symptoms and cartilage quality in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). However, while most preclinical studies have been performed with plastic-adherent ASCs, most clinical trials are being conducted with the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), prepared from adipose tissue without prior culture.

Purpose:

To directly compare clinical outcomes of intra-articular injection with ASCs or SVF in patients with knee OA.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

The authors retrospectively compared 6-month outcomes in 42 patients (59 knees) receiving intra-articular injection with 12.75 million ASCs and 38 patients (69 knees) receiving a 5-mL preparation of SVF. All patients had Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2, 3, or 4 knee OA and had failed standard medical therapy. The visual analog scale (VAS) pain score and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months after injection were considered as outcomes. Outcome Measures in Rheumatology–Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OMERACT-OARSI) criteria were also used to assess positive response. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used for comparison between the treatment groups.

Results:

No major complications occurred in either group. The SVF group had a higher frequency of knee effusion (SVF 8%, ASC 2%) and minor complications related to the fat harvest site (SVF 34%, ASC 5%). Both groups reported improvements in pain VAS and KOOS domains. Specifically, in the ASC group, symptoms improved earlier (by 3 months; P < .05) and pain VAS decreased to a greater degree (55%; P < .05) compared with the SVF group (44%). The proportion of OMERACT-OARSI responders in the ASC group was slightly higher (ASCs, 61%; SVF, 55%; P = .25).

Conclusion:

It was observed that both ASCs and SVF resulted in clinical improvement in patients with knee OA, but that ASCs outperform SVF in the early reduction of symptoms and pain with less comorbidity.
Change in Drop-Landing Mechanics Over 2 Years in Young Athletes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ithurburn Matthew P. , Paterno Mark V. , Thomas Staci , Pennell Michael L. , Evans Kevin D. , Magnussen Robert A. , Schmitt Laura C.
Published: August 2019

Background:

While between-limb landing asymmetries after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are linked with poor function and risk of additional injury, it is not currently understood how landing symmetry changes over time after ACLR.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose was to investigate how double-legged drop vertical jump (DVJ) landing and single-legged drop-landing symmetry changed from the time of return-to-sport (RTS) clearance to 2 years later in a prospective cohort of young athletes after ACLR. It was hypothesized that double-legged DVJ landing and single-legged drop-landing symmetry would improve from the time of RTS to 2 years later.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

The authors followed 64 young athletes with primary, unilateral ACLR for 2 years after RTS clearance. At the time of RTS and 2 years later, between-limb symmetry values for biomechanical variables of interest (VOIs) were calculated with 3-dimensional motion analysis during double-legged DVJ and single-legged drop-landing tasks. VOIs included knee flexion excursion, peak internal knee extension moment, peak vertical ground-reaction force, and peak trunk flexion (for single-legged task only). Symmetry values and proportions of participants meeting 90% symmetry cutoffs were compared between time points.

Results:

For double-legged DVJ landing, symmetry values for all VOIs and the proportions meeting 90% cutoffs for peak internal knee extension moment and peak vertical ground-reaction force were higher at 2 years after RTS as compared with RTS. For single-legged drop-landing, symmetry values were higher for knee flexion excursion and lower for peak trunk flexion at 2 years after RTS as compared with RTS, but the proportions meeting 90% cutoffs for all VOIs did not differ between time points.

Conclusion:

Double-legged DVJ landing symmetry improved across VOIs over the 2 years after RTS following ACLR, while single-legged drop-landing did not improve as consistently. The implications of longitudinal landing asymmetry after ACLR should be further studied.
Best practices for EHR implementation: A BC First Nations community’s experience
Authors: Wilkinson Susi , Borycki Elizabeth , Kushniruk Andre
Published: August 2019

First Nations and other health leaders are looking to Electronic Health Records (EHRs) to improve the quality of health information, efficiency of health services, and health outcomes for Indigenous people in Canada. This study used qualitative and quantitative methods to identify the success factors in an EHR implementation at a First Nations health centre in British Columbia, Canada. The Best Practices EHR Implementation Framework (EHRIF) was used to analyze the success factor data and found that all of the success factors from the planning and implementation phases in the framework were important. Provincial and federal government commitment and collaboration with key stakeholders including a local physician champion were also critically important for the electronic medical record implementation to proceed. This study suggests the EHRIF can be used to promote successful EHR implementations in Aboriginal communities and can contribute to building health informatics expertise and capacity in First Nations communities.
A Careerography of John F. Kennedy Jr.
Authors: Bigony Cara , Alpers Anne , Ponterotto Joseph G.
Published: August 2019

This article presents a careerography of John F. Kennedy Jr. (JFK Jr.), a late 20th-century iconic personality. Careerography adapts psychobiography by anchoring its interpretive lens in established theories of career development. In our longitudinal case study of JFK Jr., the theories of Donald Super and Mary Sue Richardson served as the career theories to frame and interpret his career development. The sequential model of careerography applied to JFK Jr. focused on (1) our selection of the historical subject, (2) ethical considerations and bracketing, (3) outlining initial research questions, (4) choosing anchoring career theories, (5) engaging the iterative research and theory application process, and (6) writing the careerography. The article concludes with a brief discussion of how careerography adds to the historical study of notable personalities, and how in turn career theory can be informed through the intensive case study method of careerography.
Experimental investigation on a fully thermoplastic composite subjected to repeated impacts
Authors: Boria S , Scattina A , Belingardi G
Published: August 2019

In the last years, the spread of composite laminates into the engineering sectors was observed; the main reason lies in higher values of strength/weight and stiffness/weight ratios with respect to conventional materials. Firstly, the attention was focused on fibres reinforced with thermosetting matrix. Then, the necessity to move towards low density and recyclable solutions has implied the development of composites made with thermoplastic matrix. Even if the first application of thermoplastic composites can be found into no structural parts, the replacement of metallic structural parts with such material in areas potentially subjected to impact has become worthy of investigation. Depending on the field of application and on the design geometry, in fact, some components can be subjected to repeated impacts at localized sites either during fabrication, activities of routine maintenance or during service conditions. When composite material was adopted, even though the impact damage associated to the single impact event can be slight, the accumulation of the damage over time may seriously weaken the mechanical performance of the structure. In this overview, the capability of energy absorption of a new composite completely made of thermoplastic material was investigated. This material was able to combine two conflicting requirements: the recyclability and the lightweight. In particular, repeated impacts at low velocity, on self-reinforced laminates made of polypropylene (PP), were conducted by experimental drop dart tests. Repeated impacts up to the perforation or up to 40 times were performed. In the analysis, three different energy levels and three different values of the laminate thicknesses were considered in order to analyse the damage behaviour under various experimental configurations. A visual observation of the impacted specimens was done, in order to evaluate the damage progression. Moreover, the trend of the peak force interchanged between specimen and dart and the evolution of both the absorbed energy and of the bending stiffness with the impacts number were studied. The results pointed out that the maximum load and the stiffness of the specimens tended to grow increasing the number of the repeated impacts. Such trend is opposite compared to the previous results obtained by other researchers using thermosetting composites.
On the potential of traffic light information availability for reducing fuel consumption and NOx emissions of a diesel light-duty vehicle
Authors: Guardiola Carlos , Pla Benjamín , Pandey Varun , Burke Richard
Published: August 2019

The paper addresses the impact of traffic light information availability in terms of fuel consumption and emissions by means of comparing three different scenarios that a driver of a diesel light-duty vehicle may face when trying to cover a particular route of 1 km with two traffic lights in between. The first scenario is that the driver does not know in advance the state of the traffic lights. The second scenario assumes that the driver knows the state of the traffic lights but has no modelling nor computation capabilities to solve the associated optimal control problem. In the third scenario, the driver knows in advance the state of the traffic lights and is also able to solve the corresponding optimal control problem that leads to fuel consumption or NOx emission minimisation. In this study, the vehicle-speed trajectories associated with the previously described three scenarios have been computed and then tested in a Euro 5 Diesel vehicle installed in a chassis dynamometer. The obtained results show that traffic light information is essential for fuel minimisation in urban conditions, promoting reductions of 7.5–12% and 13–32% for fuel consumption and NOx emissions in the studied case. In addition, differences in the engine-operating conditions for high efficiency and low NOx emissions may lead to extremely high fuel consumption when NOx minimisation is foreseen or viceversa.
Many Roads Lead to Rome: How Human, Social, and Financial Capital Are Related to New Venture Survival
Authors: Linder Christian , Lechner Christian , Pelzel Frank
Published: August 2019

Given variance in entrepreneurs’ capital endowments, the question of sufficient (or insufficient) starting conditions enabling a pathway to survival is critical in entrepreneurship. Drawing on the subjectivist theory of entrepreneurship (STE), we adopt a configurational approach. Our results show how combinations of human and social capital are related to survival while overreliance on financial capital is not. From a subjectivist perspective, we reveal a potential gap between identifying and exploiting an opportunity. The findings provide some novel insights that help reframe conflicting results as to whether capital endowments are substitutes or complements.
Decreased eGFR Is Associated With Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Deng Yuqing , Chen Zhiqing , Hu Lili , Xu Zhenyan , Hu Jinzhu , Ma Jianyong , Yu Jianhua , Hu Jianxin , Li Juxiang , Xiong Qinmei , Hong Kui
Published: August 2019

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is increasingly indicated as a cause of cardioembolic syndrome, in particular, cardioembolic ischemia stroke. However, the potential risk factors for stroke among DCM patients remain under investigated. DCM patients hospitalized from June 2011 to June 2016 were included. The cases were defined as the group of DCM patients with stroke compared with those without stroke. Clinical characteristic data were collected and compared between the two groups including demographic data, complicated diseases, echocardiography index, and laboratory parameters and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). A multivariate logistic regression analysis model adjusted by sex and age was used to explore the related risk factors for stroke in DCM patients. A total of 779 hospitalized patients with DCM were included. Of these, 55 (7.1%) had experienced a stroke. Significantly lower eGFR levels (68.03 ± 26.22 vs 79.88 ± 24.25 mL/min/1.73 m2, P = .001) and larger left atrial diameters (45.32 ± 7.79 vs 43.25 ± 7.11 mm, P = .04) were found in the group of patients having DCM with stroke compared to those without stroke. When the eGFR was categorized as eGFR >60, 30<eGFR≤ 60 and eGFR ≤ 30, there were more patients with 30<eGFR≤ 60 (30.9% vs 17.7%) and eGFR≤ 30 (9.1% vs 3.3%) in the ischemic stroke group ( P = 0.003). A multivariate logistic regression analysis model adjusted by sex and age showed that 30 <eGFR≤60 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.05-4.07], P = .035) and eGFR≤30 (OR: 4.04, 95% CI: [1.41-11.62], P = .009) were statistically associated with ischemic stroke in patients with DCM. It is concluded that decreased eGFR is significantly associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke in patients with DCM.
The effects of perceptions of flagshipness and iconicity on word of mouth for attractions and destinations
Authors: Xu Jing (Bill) , Loi Kim Ieng , Kong Weng Hang
Published: August 2019

Many destination loyalty studies have explored the antecedents of loyalty and the related relationships. Few studies have attempted to show how the specific attributes of a destination, such as visitor attractions, affect destination loyalty. This study fills the gap by investigating how word of mouth about a destination, a meaningful surrogate of loyalty in the international tourism market, can be developed through perceptions of the destination’s tourist attractions. Further, a new way of differentiating attractions through the perception of flagshipness and iconicity is identified. Using Macao as the research context, this study shows how perceptions of attraction flagshipness and iconicity can help Macao formulate marketing strategies and position itself as a choice destination, both regionally and globally. The results indicate the sophisticated relationships between attraction flagshipness and iconicity and word of mouth about attractions and destinations. It also enriches knowledge and discussion by discussing the theoretical and practical implications for destination marketing and management.
University leaders’ talk about institutional missions and academic developers’ contributions
Authors: Sugrue Ciaran , Solbrekke Tone Dyrdal , Bergh Andreas , Sutphen Molly , Fossland Trine
Published: August 2019

There are increasing external pressures on 21st-century universities to be engines of economic recovery and growth. In this rapidly altering landscape, how university senior leaders articulate the purpose of university education and the contribution of academic developers to fulfil these education purposes is a matter of empirical interest. Senior leaders and academic developers have particular responsibilities since they impact educational quality at an institutional level. Senior leaders are responsible for orienting their institutions, giving direction to colleagues in the process, while their implicit leadership theories animate effort and interactions. Academic developers are employed to provide educational programmes for academics to develop their pedagogical competence, and are increasingly deployed by university leaders to implement new quality assurance systems. Such responsibilities strongly suggest agency and relative autonomy to forge new alliances and collaborative networks where these did not previously exist; they are simultaneously required to be leaders and followers. Consequently, the portfolios of academic developers have expanded exponentially, strategically walking a tightrope between the potentially coercive message of strategic missions and the relative autonomy of academic staff, brokering new horizons of university education in a collegial, collaborative and horizontal manner. The paper captures the dynamics of leading education in four universities: the brokering responsibilities of academic developers.
Polarity Sensitivity in Pediatric and Adult Cochlear Implant Listeners
Authors: Jahn Kelly N. , Arenberg Julie G.
Published: August 2019

Modeling data suggest that sensitivity to the polarity of an electrical stimulus may reflect the integrity of the peripheral processes of the spiral ganglion neurons. Specifically, better sensitivity to anodic (positive) current than to cathodic (negative) current could indicate peripheral process degeneration or demyelination. The goal of this study was to characterize polarity sensitivity in pediatric and adult cochlear implant listeners (41 ears). Relationships between polarity sensitivity at threshold and (a) polarity sensitivity at suprathreshold levels, (b) age-group, (c) preimplantation duration of deafness, and (d) phoneme perception were determined. Polarity sensitivity at threshold was defined as the difference in single-channel behavioral thresholds measured in response to each of two triphasic pulses, where the central high-amplitude phase was either cathodic or anodic. Lower thresholds in response to anodic than to cathodic pulses may suggest peripheral process degeneration. On the majority of electrodes tested, threshold and suprathreshold sensitivity was lower for anodic than for cathodic stimulation; however, dynamic range was often larger for cathodic than for anodic stimulation. Polarity sensitivity did not differ between child- and adult-implanted listeners. Adults with long preimplantation durations of deafness tended to have better sensitivity to anodic pulses on channels that were estimated to interface poorly with the auditory nerve; this was not observed in the child-implanted group. Across subjects, duration of deafness predicted phoneme perception performance. The results of this study suggest that subject- and electrode-dependent differences in polarity sensitivity may assist in developing customized cochlear implant programming interventions for child- and adult-implanted listeners.
Effectiveness of ecotechnologies for recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from anaerobic digestate and effectiveness of the recovery products as fertilisers: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Macura Biljana , Johannesdottir Solveig L. , Piniewski Mikołaj , Haddaway Neal R. , Kvarnström Elisabeth
Published: August 2019

Background

The regular addition of plant-available nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, either as manufactured fertilisers or animal manure, to agricultural soils is needed for global food security. Increased recycling of nutrients back to agriculture from organic waste streams is necessary for increased rural–urban sustainability. Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge and agricultural wastes is widely applied to stabilize the substrate and also capture its energetic value via biogas production. The liquid phase of anaerobic digestate is a concentrated source of nutrients to which nutrient recovery technologies can be applied. Two such promising technologies that could increase nutrient recycling from e.g. wastewater and thereby contribute to environmental amelioration are struvite precipitation and ammonia stripping. By combining anaerobic digestion and nutrient recovery technologies on the digestate, a treatment process that provides both renewable energy and plant nutrients is achieved. This review will examine the effectiveness of ecotechnologies for the recovery and reuse of nitrogen and phosphorus from anaerobic digestate with the aim of reducing the impact of waste on the environment.

Methods

We will search for both academic and grey literature published after 2013. English language searches will be performed in 4 bibliographic databases, and Google Scholar, while searches in 41 specialist websites will be performed in English, Finnish, Polish and Swedish. Eligibility screening will be conducted at two levels: title and abstract and full text. Included eligible studies will be subject to a critical appraisal that will assess external and internal study validity. We will extract information on study characteristics, intervention, comparators, effect modifiers, and measured outcomes. Data synthesis will involve narrative synthesis of each included study of sufficient validity. Quantitative synthesis (i.e. meta-analysis) may be possible in cases where a sufficient number of studies report similar types of outcomes.
Next-Generation Sequencing in 305 Consecutive Patients: Clinical Outcomes and Management Changes
Authors: Davis William , Makar Gabriel , Mehta Pallav , Zhu Gord G. , Somer Robert , Morrison Jamin , Kubicek Gregory J.
Published: August 2019

PURPOSE:

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is increasingly used to identify actionable mutations for oncology treatment. We examined the results and use of NGS assays at our institution.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 305 consecutive patients who had NGS testing of tumor samples from March 2014 to April 2017. NGS was performed by FoundationOne.

RESULTS:

Of the 305 tissue samples sent to FoundationOne, 189 reports were potentially usable. Of these reports, 76 (40.21%) demonstrated an aberration targetable by on-label therapies and 126 (66.67%) by off-label therapies, and 170 (89.94%) revealed actionable aberrations via all potential avenues, including clinical trials; 21 of these 189 potentially usable reports (11.1%) yielded a change in management, including use of on-label therapies (n = 7), use of off-label therapies (n = 6), enrollment in a clinical trial (n = 6), and discontinuation of a medication with a predicted poor response (n = 3; one report was used twice). For the six patients with off-label use, median duration of treatment was 46 days and discontinued after death (n = 3) or progression (n = 3).

CONCLUSION:

Only a minority of NGS assay results (6.9% percent of all tests ordered and 11.1% of useable tests) resulted in a management change. A small minority of patients started off-label therapy on the basis of NSG assay results and overall had poor responses to off-label treatment. Although in theory NGS assays may improve oncologic outcomes, the results of our initial 305 patients showed low clinical utility.
The conserved ancestral signaling pathway from cilium to nucleus
Authors: Satir Peter , Satir Birgit H.
Published: August 2019

Many signaling molecules are localized to both the primary cilium and nucleus. Localization of specific transmembrane receptors and their signaling scaffold molecules in the cilium is necessary for correct physiological function. After a specific signaling event, signaling molecules leave the cilium, usually in the form of an endocytic vesicle scaffold, and move to the nucleus, where they dissociate from the scaffold and enter the nucleus to affect gene expression. This ancient pathway probably arose very early in eukaryotic evolution as the nucleus and cilium co-evolved. Because there are similarities in molecular composition of the nuclear and ciliary pores the entry and exit of proteins in both organelles rely on similar mechanisms. In this Hypothesis, we propose that the pathway is a dynamic universal cilia-based signaling pathway with some variations from protists to man. Everywhere the cilium functions as an important organelle for molecular storage of certain key receptors and selection and concentration of their associated signaling molecules that move from cilium to nucleus. This could also have important implications for human diseases such as Huntington disease.