bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIEGUNY DUCHA NARODU POLSKIEGO. WOKÓŁ NORWIDOWSKIEJ LEKCJI IV WYKŁADÓW O SŁOWACKIM
Authors: Rzepczyński Sławomir
Published: August 2019

Extremities of the Spirit of the Polish Nation. On Norwid’s Lekcja IV from his lectures on SłowackiThe article attempts to reconstruct Norwid’s philosophy of history, focusing on Lekcja IV from his lectures O Juliuszu Słowackim. According to the poet every civilization (culture) has a particular mission to fulfill in history. The beginning of this mission is always a continuation of the work initiated by Christ himself. Christ turned the existential dimension of being from the individual to the collective and as such designed the scope for activity of nations as subjects of history. Nations are to liberate themselves from ethnic particularities and bring about the moral transformation of the mankind; this should happen through the recognition of the signum of their own historical time and its relations to Christ’s tradition as well as undertaking of the postulate to perfect their contemporary times. To advance his goals Norwid performs a particular, deliberate overinterpretation of works by Zygmunt Krasiński and Juliusz Słowacki. From Krasiński’s Legenda he takes the appointment of the initial ‘Roman’ (after-Christ, catholic) extremity of the Polish civilization; from Słowacki’s Anhelli the declining ‘Siberian’ extremity, which is transformed by love as a result of suffering. This concept by Norwid clashes with Romantic, mystic-messianic ideas, which bound the Redemption of the man with otherworldly heroism of the spirit denying mortal life; it, furthermore, brings out a particular criticism of all ideas linking existence with unchanging being in mortal life.
ONTYCZNOŚĆ NARODU W MYŚLI CYPRIANA NORWIDA
Authors: Woźniewska-Działak Magdalena
Published: August 2019

Onticism of the nation in Cyprian Norwid’s thoughtThe article originates from a larger scale study dealing with the Polish nation and identity in Norwid’s writings. The author exposes the poet’s attention to the philosophy of history and underscores the constant presence of threads linking the Polish affairs with the history of the humankind in Norwid’s poetic and journalistic works. This piece argues that Norwid in his reflection on the nation assumes understanding of the essence of the nation’s being in categories of ethos.
ANIOŁ U NORWIDA
Authors: Waksmundzka Iwona
Published: August 2019

Angel in Norwid’s oeuvreThe author explores the angel motif in Cyprian Norwid’s body of work. The article opens with a definition of ‘angel’ as a term and an exposition of selected works of angelology, philosophy, and philology which deal with this motif/being in thought, culture, and literaturę. The author primarily deals with literary works from the nineteenth century; she quotes multiple examples from Norwid’s writings pointing to the intensity and importance of the presence of the angel in his oeuvre. The main part of this study ana- lyses the character and function of the angel in Ostatnia z bajek.
KORESPONDENCJA SERDECZNA. STANISŁAW PIGOŃ - JULIUSZ WIKTOR GOMULICKI
Authors: Nowoszewski Roman
Published: August 2019

Stanisław Pigoń - Juliusz Wiktor GomulickiThe second part of the correspondence between professor Stanisław Pigoń and Juliusz Wiktor Gomulicki contains letters from 1949-1956. The earliest four letters were published in „CL” before. The whole collection contains 58 items; the letters deal primarily with the biography and writings of Cyprian Norwid.
BIEDNY MICKIEWICZ
Authors: Fiłosofow Dymitr , Skalińska Ewangelina
Published: August 2019

“Poor Mickiewicz”The journalistic paper by Dmitri Filosofov presented here was written during his long stay in Poland. It clearly shows ways in which this brilliant editor and a ‘political thinker’ referred to literary texts crucial for Poles, their culture and self-awareness. In this paper he dealt with stereotypical ways in which Mickiewicz’s poem “Do Przyjaciół Moskali” (“To Our Rus- sian Friends”) was treated in this period. Filosofov, returned to the poem’s primordial meaning and asked questions, still valid today, about possibilities of Polish-Russian dialogue, but he also warned his readers that a dialogue with Bolshevik authorities would never be identical with a dialogue with Russians of anti-Bolshevik social, cultural and political views.
Метакогнитивный подход в диагностике трудностей психической саморегуляции студентов
Authors: Бызова Валентина , Ловягина Александра , Перикова Екатерина
Published: August 2019

Introduction. This study investigates the main reasons for difficulties in students’ mental self-regulation and represents a first attempt to systematize previous research findings from the field in the context of the metacognitive approach.
Methods. The study used the following techniques of psychological testing: (a) the Style of Self-regulation of Behavior questionnaire by Morosanova, (b) the Self-organization of Activities questionnaire by Mandrikova, (c) the Emotional Intelligence Self-evaluation technique by N. Hall, (d) the Gissen Complaints Questionnaire, and (e) the Difficulties in Self-regulation questionnaire by Lovyagina. A sample of 113 second-year students of St. Petersburg State University with a mean age of 19.5 years took part in this study.
Results. The findings of this study indicate that several groups of students can be distinguished based on the levels of self-organization of activities and the styles of self-regulation of behavior. The authors identified and described the difficulties in students’ mental self-regulation in (a) attention and will, (b) self-restraint, (c) thinking, and (d) anxiety and memory. The styles of self-regulation of behavior and self-organization of activities and the ability to manage the emotional sphere are important factors that can help to overcome difficulties in mental self-regulation.
Discussion. The metacognitive approach to the analysis of difficulties in self-regulation is capable of solving theoretical and practical problems related to improvement in mental self-regulation skills. Students’ assessment of their own cognitive abilities and their awareness of difficulties in mental self-regulation enable their metacognition and contribute to the development of skills of mental self-regulation. Metacognitive knowledge facilitates adequate self-assessment skills and the choice of the most effective strategies of behavior and self-organization of activities.
Смыслотехники, обращенные к субъектному опыту обучающегося как основе его ценностно-смыслового выбора на примере математики
Authors: Абакумова Ирина , Мироненкова Наталья , Пеньков Денис
Published: August 2019

Introduction. The use of various psychological techniques in learning, which are capable of actualizing students’ unique subjective experience, may impart a personal and meaningful orientation to the learning process. Subjective experience is a basis for value-meaning choices, which are considered as a point of contact between students’ meanings and the meanings of culture. This contact can help students transform their meaning propensities. This paper proposes a new classification for meaning techniques that are oriented towards students’ experience and presents the results for their testing in order to increase students’ motivation and the development of their meaning sphere in mathematics classes.

Methods. This study used (a) the questionnaire developed by the authors to identify students’ value attitude towards mathematics, their subjective position, and possibility of choosing in learning and (b) the revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R, Russian version; D.A. Leontiev). The sample was comprised of 34 first-year students of Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (Novocherkassk).

Results. The findings from a questionnaire survey at the initial and final stages of the pedagogical experiment demonstrated the effectiveness of meaning techniques for the educational process. The Life Orientation Test findings speak in favor of students’ subjective position at the forming experimental stage.

Discussion. As an integration of modern psychological and pedagogical technologies, the classification of psychotechnics proposed in this study makes it possible to control students’ emotions/feelings and values/motivation in choice situations and reveals individuals’ personal and meaning potential. The use of meaning techniques oriented towards students’ subjective experience as the basis for their value-meaning choices in mathematics classes is possible if teachers construct the educational content on a meaning basis.
Когнитивные факторы моделирования в цифровых средах с возможностью нелинейного представления информации
Authors: Соболева Елена , Караваев Никита
Published: August 2019

Introduction. This paper focuses on the conditions for using digital resources characterized by a nonlinear presentation of information in the cognitive process with a view of modelling personal educational environments as the basis for the map of opportunities in getting specialties of the future. The authors offer tools for the use of cognitive technologies for the construction of individuals’ worldviews which should create additional factors for the development of their theoretical and creative thinking and influence their cognitive development.
Methods. The study used the personality-oriented and the activity-based and system approaches to analyze and interpret the findings. The Rapid Foresight technique and the observation, experiment, and analysis methods were employed in the study.
Results. The authors justify the use of new cognitive technologies that allow individuals to model the process of cognition and help them create worldviews adequate to the demands of society and the trends of specialties of the future. The example of modelling a personal trajectory of the development in digital environments characterized by a nonlinear presentation of information describes the factors of the development of thinking and information searching skills. In accordance with corresponding cognitive processes individuals construct the following three types of knowledge: (a) knowledge acquired through perceiving and processing information; (b) knowledge acquired through experiment; and (c) meta-knowledge (reflexive and orientation knowledge). This paper presents an experiment confirming the effectiveness of new cognitive technologies in modeling a non-linear trajectory of individual development and cognition.
Discussion. On the basis of the generalization of the results of cognitive activity during modelling the process of cognition in digital environments the authors described the types of knowledge and offered the types of work considered to be the most effective in terms of intellectual development. The presented types of cognitive activity help to create additional conditions for new applications of cognitive technologies when constructing worldviews. A general algorithm of the map of opportunities implies a correlation between psychological characteristics and demands of specialties of the future.
Связь внутригрупповых идентичностей работников с их вкладом в деятельность малой группы: роль включенности – не включенности в подгруппы
Authors: Сидоренков Андрей В. , Сальникова Екатерина С. , Бороховский Евгений
Published: August 2019

Introduction. Much research is focused on the relationship between employees’ organizational identifications and various forms of their organizational behavior that are not directly related to their work responsibilities. However, previous research efforts have not taken into account certain aspects of employees’ identifications and their behaviour in the context of groups. The present study addresses the relationship between employees’ group, microgroup, and interpersonal identities by three components (cognitive, affective, and behavioral) and their contribution to production group activities depending on their membership/non-membership in informal subgroups.
Methods. The study employed (a) the formalized algorithm for identifying informal subgroups in groups, (b) the interpersonal identity questionnaire, (c) the microgroup and group identity questionnaire, and (d) the contribution to group activities scale. All these techniques were embodied in the Group Profile–Universal computer program. The authors used this computer technique to conduct a survey of study participants and to carry out the primary data processing.
Results. Microgroup affective identities of subgroup members correlate positively with their contribution to group activities. Group cognitive and affective identities and interpersonal affective identities of subgroup non-members are positively related to their contribution to group activities. Additionally, the study demonstrated two nonlinear (quadratic) relationships between interpersonal and group behavioural identities of subgroup members and their contribution to group activities; this relationship was more significant for group identities, than for interpersonal ones.
Discussion. The authors interpret the relationship between employees’ identities and their contribution to group activities depending on their membership/non-membership in informal subgroups.
Conclusion. The authors draw conclusions about the characteristics of the relationship examined in the present study. Further research will be required to investigate intermediate variables in the relationship between the levels and components of identities on the one hand, and the contribution to group/subgroup activities on the other.
Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of the tropical mountain cloud forest from El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve, Mexico
Authors: Campuzano Emmanuel Franco , Ibarra-Núñez Guillermo , Gómez-Rodríguez José Francisco , Angulo-Ordoñes Gabriela Guadalupe
Published: August 2019

We carried out an intensive and systematized sampling of the spider fauna of the tropical mountain cloud forest (TMCF) in El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas, Mexico, in order to analyze their composition, species richness, abundance, and proportion of undescribed species, and to compare these results with those found in other TMCFs. We sampled ten plots in two seasons (dry and rainy) using different sampling techniques on two strata (ground and understory). A total of 7,432 specimens were collected corresponding to 28 families, 78 genera and 111 morphospecies. A high proportion of total species (58.6%) were undescribed species. For 11 species originally described from a single sex, we found the other sex. Five species and one genus were new records for the Mexican spider fauna. Understory stratum had higher numbers of species and individuals than ground stratum, and there was a high species turnover, with only 17% of the total species shared between strata. The spider fauna of El Triunfo shows similarities with other TMCFs (especially that on the same mountain range) concerning the identities of dominant and species-rich families, family and genera composition, the presence and relevance (in abundance or richness) of families that are uncommon in lowland tropical habitats (Linyphiidae and Theridiosomatidae), and in the high proportion of undescribed species. However, there is a high species turnover among sites (only 16% species shared), even at relatively short distances, that seems derived in part from the relative high proportions of endemic species. Our results suggest that high abundance of Theridiosomatidae and Linyphiidae, together with high species richness of this last family, could be used as conservation indicators for the Mexican TMCFs. The high numbers of undescribed species in the analyzed TMCFs, and their relatively high endemicity levels, support that TMCFs could be regarded as hotspots for the order Araneae.
Small Data and Its Visualization for Diabetes Self-Management: Qualitative Study
Authors: Burford Sally Jane , Park Sora , Dawda Paresh
Published: August 2019

Background

As digital healthcare expands to include the use of mobile devices, there are opportunities to integrate these technologies into the self-management of chronic disease. Purpose built apps for diabetes self-management are plentiful and vary in functionality; they offer capability for individuals to record, manage, display, and interpret their own data. The optimal incorporation of mobile tablets into diabetes self-care is little explored in research, and guidelines for use are scant.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine an individual’s use of mobile devices and apps in the self-management of type 2 diabetes to establish the potential and value of this ubiquitous technology for chronic healthcare.

Methods

In a 9-month intervention, 28 patients at a large multidisciplinary healthcare center were gifted internet connected Apple iPads with preinstalled apps and given digital support to use them. They were invited to take up predefined activities, which included recording their own biometrics, monitoring their diet, and traditional online information seeking. Four online surveys captured the participants’ perceptions and health outcomes throughout the study. This article reports on the qualitative analysis of the open-ended responses in all four surveys.

Results

Using apps, participants self-curated small data sets that included their blood glucose level, blood pressure, weight, and dietary intake. The dynamic visualizations of the data in the form of charts and diagrams were created using apps and participants were able to interpret the impact of their choices and behaviors from the diagrammatic form of their small personal data sets. Findings are presented in four themes: (1) recording personal data; (2) modelling and visualizing the data; (3) interpreting the data; and (4) empowering and improving health.

Conclusions

The modelling capability of apps using small personal data sets, collected and curated by individuals, and the resultant graphical information that can be displayed on tablet screens proves a valuable asset for diabetes self-care. Informed by their own data, individuals are well-positioned to make changes in their daily lives that will improve their health.
Influence of Enthusiastic Language on the Credibility of Health Information and the Trustworthiness of Science Communicators: Insights From a Between-Subject Web-Based Experiment
Authors: König Lars , Jucks Regina
Published: August 2019

Background

To decide whether online health information is reliable, information seekers apply 2 stretegies: first, information seekers can make credibility judgments by using their prior knowledge to evaluate the validity of the encountered health claim. Second, instead of evaluating the health claim itself, information seekers can make trustworthiness judgments by evaluating the character of the information source. In recent years, information givers from various professions have begun to use enthusiastic language to disseminate their information and persuade their audiences.

Objective

To systematically explore this phenomenon, the goal of this study was to answer the following research questions: (1) does an enthusiastic language style, in comparison with a neutral language style, increase the trustworthiness of a person arguing in an online health forum and the credibility of his or her information? (2) does working for a university, in comparison with working for a lobbying organization, increase the trustworthiness of a person arguing in an online health forum and the credibility of his or her information? (3) does working for a university in combination with using an enthusiastic language style result in especially high trustworthiness and credibility ratings?

Methods

In a 2x2 between-subject online experiment, 270 participants read a post from an online health forum and subsequently rated the trustworthiness of the forum post author and the credibility of his information. A total of 2 aspects of the forum post varied, namely the professional affiliation of the forum post author (whether the person introduced himself as a scientist or a lobbyist) and his language style (whether he used a neutral language style or an enthusiastic language style).

Results

When the forum post author used an enthusiastic language style, he was perceived as more manipulative (P<.001), less knowledgeable (P<.001), and his information was perceived as less credible (P<.001). Overall, scientists were perceived as less manipulative (P=.04) than lobbyists. Furthermore, language style and professional affiliation interacted: When the forum post author was a lobbyist, language style did not affect integrity (P=.96) and benevolence (P=.79) ratings. However, when the forum post author was a scientist, enthusiastic language led to lower integrity (P=.002) and benevolence (P<.001) ratings than neutral language.

Conclusions

The current findings illustrate that health information seekers do not just react to online health information itself. In addition, they are also sensitive to the ways in which health information is presented (“Which langue style is used to communicate health information?”) and who presents it (“Who does the health information source work for?”).
A Scale to Assess the Methodological Quality of Studies Assessing Usability of Electronic Health Products and Services: Delphi Study Followed by Validity and Reliability Testing
Authors: Silva Anabela G , Simões Patrícia , Santos Rita , Queirós Alexandra , Rocha Nelson P , Rodrigues Mário
Published: August 2019

Background

The usability of electronic health (eHealth) and mobile health apps is of paramount importance as it impacts the quality of care. Methodological quality assessment is a common practice in the field of health for different designs and types of studies. However, we were unable to find a scale to assess the methodological quality of studies on the usability of eHealth products or services.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a scale to assess the methodological quality of studies assessing usability of mobile apps and to perform a preliminary analysis of of the scale’s feasibility, reliability, and construct validity on studies assessing usability of mobile apps, measuring aspects of physical activity.

Methods

A 3-round Delphi panel was used to generate a pool of items considered important when assessing the quality of studies on the usability of mobile apps. These items were used to write the scale and the guide to assist its use. The scale was then used to assess the quality of studies on usability of mobile apps for physical activity, and it assessed in terms of feasibility, interrater reliability, and construct validity.

Results

A total of 25 experts participated in the Delphi panel, and a 15-item scale was developed. This scale was shown to be feasible (time of application mean 13.10 [SD 2.59] min), reliable (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.81; 95% CI 0.55-0.93), and able to discriminate between low- and high-quality studies (high quality: mean 9.22 [SD 0.36]; low quality: mean 6.86 [SD 0.80]; P=.01).

Conclusions

The scale that was developed can be used both to assess the methodological quality of usability studies and to inform its planning.
Prevalence of Malnutrition Among Elderly People in Iran: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Khoddam Homeira , Eshkevarlaji Sepideh , Nomali Mahin , Modanloo Mahnaz , Keshtkar Abbas Ali
Published: August 2019

Background

Malnutrition occurs following a decrease or an imbalance in the absorption of energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals because of numerous factors. Thus, it has serious and life-threatening consequences. To plan for this issue, we need information on the burden of this problem.

Objective

The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of malnutrition among elderly people in Iran.

Methods

For the purpose of this study, papers, including original articles, theses, and conference proceedings on the prevalence of malnutrition among people aged 60 years and above, and have been published in national and international journals until September 2018 will be included without any language limitation. The following keywords along with their synonyms in Persian will be used in the literature search: malnutrition, elderly, and Iran. At first, the screening process will be conducted based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, the full text of the remaining articles will be read carefully, and eligible articles will be selected according to the objectives of the study. Next, the methodological quality of the selected papers will be reviewed, and the required information will be extracted from those with acceptable quality. Finally, a meta-analysis will be performed using the Stata software (version 14) when optimum criteria are met. It should be noted that all stages of screening, selection, quality assessment of primary studies, and data extraction will be performed by two reviewers independently.

Results

This review is ongoing and will be completed at the end of 2019.

Conclusions

This review aims to provide comprehensive evidence about the prevalence of malnutrition among elderly people in Iran. This can help Iranian health managers and policy makers make informed decisions for preventing malnutrition and promoting the health status of elderly people.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42018115358; https://tinyurl.com/y28su47m

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/15334
Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With Real-Time Therapist Support via Videoconference for Patients With Bulimia nervosa and Binge-eating disorder: Pilot Single-Arm Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Hamatani Sayo , Numata Noriko , Matsumoto Kazuki , Sutoh Chihiro , Ibuki Hanae , Oshiro Keiko , Tanaka Mari , Setsu Rikukage , Kawasaki Yohei , Hirano Yoshiyuki , Shimizu Eiji
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

A major problem in providing mental health services is the lack of access to treatment, especially in remote areas. Thus far, no clinical studies have demonstrated the feasibility of Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) with real-time therapist support via videoconference for bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge-eating disorder (BED) at the same time in Japan.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the feasibility of ICBT via videoconference for patients with BN or BED.

METHODS

Five Japanese subjects (mean age 35.4 ± 9.2 years) with BN and BED received 16 weekly sessions of individualized ICBT via videoconference with real-time therapist support. Treatment included CBT tailored specifically to the presenting diagnosis. The primary outcome was a reduction in the Eating Disorder Examination interview-16 (EDE 16) for BN and BED: the combined objective binge and purging episodes; objective binge episodes; purging episodes. The secondary outcomes were the EDE-Q, the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh, body mass index for eating symptoms, the Motivational Ruler for motivation to change, the EuroQol-5 Dimension for quality of life, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire-7 for anxiety, and the Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form (WAI-SF). All outcomes were assessed at week 1 (baseline) and at weeks 8 (mid intervention), and 16 (post intervention) during therapy. Patients were asked about adverse events at each session. For the primary analysis, treatment-related changes were assessed by comparing participant scores and the 95% confidence intervals using the paired t-test.

RESULTS

Although the mean combined objective binge episodes and purging episodes improved from 47.60 to 13.60 (71% reduction) and showed a medium effect size (Cohen’s d, -0.76), there was no significant reduction in the combined these episodes (EDE 16D, -41; 95% confidence interval -2.089, 0.576; P = 0.17). There were no significant treatment-related changes in the secondary outcomes. The WAI-SF scores remained consistently high (64.8–66.0) during treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

ICBT via videoconference is feasible in Japanese patients with BN and BED.

CLINICALTRIAL

UMIN000029426
The Effect of Shame on Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder in Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Haoyu , Zhao Qingxue , Mu Wenting , Rodriguez Marcus , Qian Mingyi , Berger Thomas
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

Prior research has demonstrated the efficacy of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) for social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, it is unclear how shame influences the efficacy of this treatment.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the role shame played in the ICBT treatment process for participants with SAD.

METHODS

A total of 104 Chinese participants (73 females; age: mean 24.92, SD 4.59 years) were randomly assigned to self-help ICBT, guided ICBT, or wait list control groups. For the guided ICBT group, half of the participants were assigned to the group at a time due to resource constraints. This led to a time difference among the three groups. Participants were assessed before and immediately after the intervention using the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Social Phobia Scale (SPS), and Experience of Shame Scale (ESS).

RESULTS

Participants’ social anxiety symptoms (self-help: differences between pre- and posttreatment SIAS=−12.71; Cohen d=1.01; 95% CI 9.08 to 16.32; P<.001 and differences between pre- and posttreatment SPS=11.13; Cohen d=0.89; 95% CI 6.98 to 15.28; P<.001; guided: SIAS=19.45; Cohen d=1.20; 95% CI 14.67 to 24.24; P<.001 and SPS=13.45; Cohen d=0.96; 95% CI 8.26 to 18.64; P<.001) and shame proneness (self-help: differences between pre- and posttreatment ESS=7.34; Cohen d=0.75; 95% CI 3.99 to 10.69; P<.001 and guided: differences between pre- and posttreatment ESS=9.97; Cohen d=0.88; 95% CI 5.36 to 14.57; P<.001) in both the self-help and guided ICBT groups reduced significantly after treatment, with no significant differences between the two intervention groups. Across all the ICBT sessions, the only significant predictors of reductions in shame proneness were the average number of words participants wrote in the exposure module (β=.222; SE 0.175; t96=2.317; P=.02) and gender (β=−.33; SE 0.002; t77=−3.13; P=.002). We also found a mediation effect, wherein reductions in shame fully mediated the relationship between the average number of words participants wrote in the exposure module and reductions in social anxiety symptoms (SIAS: β=−.0049; SE 0.0016; 95% CI −0.0085 to −0.0019 and SPS: β=−.0039; SE 0.0015; 95% CI −0.0075 to −0.0012).

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study suggest that participants’ engagement in the exposure module in ICBT alleviates social anxiety symptoms by reducing the levels of shame proneness. Our study provides a new perspective for understanding the role of shame in the treatment of social anxiety. The possible mechanisms of the mediation effect and clinical implications are discussed.
Usability of eHealth and Mobile Health Interventions by Young People Living With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Butler Sonia , Sculley Dean , Santos Derek Santos , Fellas Antoni , Gironès Xavier , Singh-Grewal Davinder , Coda Andrea
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

Considering the changing landscape of internet use and rising ownership of digital technology by young people, new methods could be considered to improve the current model of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) management.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aims to evaluate the usability of eHealth and mobile health (mHealth) interventions currently available for young people living with JIA.

METHODS

The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were used to oversee this review. We systematically searched 15 databases for 252 potential studies; 2 authors independently screened all quantitative studies reporting the use of eHealth and mHealth interventions for young people (aged 1-18 years) diagnosed with JIA. Studies were excluded if they did not report outcome measures or were reviews, commentaries, or qualitative studies. Study methodological quality was scored using the Down and Black (modified) checklist. A narrative descriptive methodology was used to quantify the data because of heterogeneity across the studies.

RESULTS

A total of 11 studies were included in this review, reporting 7 eHealth and mHealth interventions for young people (aged 4-18 years) living with JIA, targeting health issues such as pain, health-related quality of life, physical activity, and chronic disease self-management. The usability of the interventions was facilitated through training and ongoing support. The engagement was promoted by a combination of persuasive influences, and barriers preventing adherence were removed through personal reminders and flexible program schedules to cater to JIA and non-JIA illnesses or other commonly seen activities in childhood. The feedback obtained was that most young people and their parents liked the interventions.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this review need to be considered cautiously because of the lack of rigorous testing and heterogeneity, which limits the detailed descriptions of data synthesis. Further research is needed to consider gender differences, associated costs, and the effectiveness of the interventions on health outcomes to better support young people living with JIA.
Optimization of Enzymatic Synthesis of Betulinic Acid Amide in Organic Solvent by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Yusof Nurul Atikah Amin , Hadzir Nursyamsyila Mat , Ashari Siti Efliza , Hanapi Nor Suhaila Mohamad , Hamid Rossuriati Dol
Published: August 2019

Optimization of the lipase catalyzed enzymatic synthesis of betulinic acid amide in the presence of immobilized lipase, Novozym 435 from Candida antartica as a biocatalyst was studied. Response surface methodology (RSM) and 5-level-4-factor central-composite rotatable design (CCRD) were employed to evaluate the effects of the synthesis parameters, such as reaction time (20–36 h), reaction temperature (37–45 °C), substrate molar ratio of betulinic acid to butylamine (1:1–1:3), and enzyme amounts (80–120 mg) on the percentage yield of betulinic acid amide by direct amidation reaction. The optimum conditions for synthesis were: reaction time of 28 h 33 min, reaction temperature of 42.92 °C, substrate molar ratio of 1:2.21, and enzyme amount of 97.77 mg. The percentage yield of actual experimental values obtained 65.09% which compared well with the maximum predicted value of 67.23%. The obtained amide was characterized by GC, GCMS and 13C NMR. Betulinic acid amide (BAA) showed a better cytotoxicity compared to betulinic acid as the concentration inhibited 50% of the cell growth (IC50) against MDA-MB-231 cell line (IC50 < 30 µg/mL).
Succinylated Bacterial Cellulose Induce Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Deposition in a Solution Mimicking Body Fluid
Authors: Nurlidar Farah , Kobayashi Mime
Published: August 2019

Incorporation of bone-like hydroxyapatite into bacterial cellulose (BC) is an attractive approach for the fabrication of a bioactive three-dimensional (3D) scaffold for bone tissue regeneration. This study investigates the influence of the succinylation of BC on its ability to incorporate bone-like hydroxyapatite. A biomimetic process using a 1.5 × Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) was used to deposit the hydroxyapatite into the succinylated-BC. After soaking the succinylated-BC in the 1.5 × SBF for six days, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images were taken and the composition of the succinylated-BC was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The biocompatibility of the scaffolds was tested in vitro using rat Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (rBMSCs). The SEM images and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed that carbonated hydroxyapatite was deposited on the succinylated-BC. In contrast, only a small amount of carbonated hydroxyapatite deposition was observed on unmodified BC, indicating that the succinyl group in the BC is effective for inducing hydroxyapatite deposition. In vitro studies using rBMSCs revealed the biocompatibility of the scaffold. Combining with the ability of the cells to differentiate into bone cells, the succinylated-BC scaffold is a promising 3D scaffold for bone tissue regeneration.
Identification and Validation of Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants in Various Foods Commonly Consumed in Malaysia by HPLC
Authors: Yue Chen Son , Hong Wai Lun , Tan Sheri-Ann Shu Wei , Loh Khye Er , Liew Yee Chuan , Yap Rosemary Elizabeth , Chong Zi Yi , Chai Jiong Chen
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted in order to identify the presence of four synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs): propyl gallate (PG), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in various food stuffs that are commonly consumed in Malaysia. The identification method was optimized and validated before it was applied to the analyses of eighty three food samples which include chewing gum, chili sauce, cereal-based snack food, noodles, potato snack, cereal breakfast, oat, biscuit, cookie, coffee, junk food, seaweed, nut, chocolate, apple juice, orange juice and blackcurrant juice. Twenty nine food samples contained SPAs either singly or in combination. The chromatography conditions such as elution method, flow rate and wavelength were optimized. Good linearity ranges (1–300 mgL–1) were found for all the four phenolic antioxidants. RSD for repeatability and reproducibility ranged from 0.15–0.84% for both precision analyses. LOD and LOQ ranged from 0.02–0.67 and 0.06–2.03 mgL–1, respectively. Recoveries of the four SPAs ranged from 80.4 to 119.0% when selected food items spiked at 10, 50, and 100 mgL–1.
Solubility Enhancement of Simvastatin through Surfactant Addition for Development of Hydrophobic Drug-Loaded Gelatin Hydrogel
Authors: Rosyida Niswati Fathmah , Pudyani Pinandi Sri , Nugroho Akhmad Kharis , Ana Ika Dewi , Ariyanto Teguh
Published: August 2019

This study aims to synthesize simvastatin hydrogel as drug delivery system with surfactant addition for improving solubility of simvastatin. Surfactants used in the study were the zwitterionic amino acid of arginine and nonionic surface-active agent of polysorbate 80. The solubility study was conducted by pouring of an excess mass of simvastatin into the solution of a surfactant in a conical flask. The sample was shaken up to 72 h in a mechanical water bath shaker at a varied temperature of 25, 40, and 50 °C. The amount of drug dissolved in solution was analyzed by UV/Visible spectrophotometer at 238 nm. The results showed that the simvastatin solubility is profoundly influenced by the surfactant type, surfactant concentration, and temperature. Polysorbate 80 exhibited as a better surfactant than arginine and an enhancement up to 1400 times, in respect of without any addition of a surfactant, was observed. Based on the solubility study, simvastatin-loaded gelatin hydrogel composite was formulated and the characterization (FTIR and SEM) showed the successful impregnation. The hydrogel microparticles of featured swelling indexes in the range of 2–6 for every patch and presented a sustained release profile.
New Potential Demulsifiers Obtained by Processing Gossypol Resin
Authors: Otarbaev Nurlybek Shyrynbekuly , Kapustin Vladimir Mikhailovich , Nadirov Kazim Sadykovich , Bimbetova Gulmira Zhankabylovna , Zhantasov Manap Kurmanbekovich , Nadirov Rashid Kazimovich
Published: August 2019

Water contained in crude oil, forms so-called water-in-oil emulsions, the presence of which negatively affects the transportation and processing of oil. Demulsifiers are the special mixtures that are used to remove water from emulsions. The present paper is devoted to obtaining the demulsifiers by catalytic acid esterification of fatty acids mixture extracted from gossypol resin with isopropanol. Fourteen mixtures, containing mainly fatty acids and their ethers, were obtained and tested for demulsifying performance by using the bottle test. The relationship of the following values with the demulsibility of final mixtures was determined: the conditions of fatty acids esterification, the content of fatty acids in the demulsifier, the relative solubility number of the demulsifier, the toluene/water dynamic interfacial tension. The following conditions of fatty acids mixture esterification provided 64.8% of water removal at the dosage of 20 ppm of demulsifier: 385 K; 4 h; H2SO4/fatty acids mixture ratio 2.5 wt.%.
Torrefaction of Food Waste as a Potential Biomass Energy Source
Authors: Abdul Rahman Rahsya Nur Udzaifa , Ismail Mazni , Rasid Ruwaida Abdul , Ahamad Nordin Noor Ida Amalina
Published: August 2019

Food waste (FW) represents a major component of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Malaysia which causes negative impact due to poor waste management. One of a promising strategy to reduce the FW is to convert the FW to energy sources through thermal pre-treatment process which known as torrefaction. The aim of this study is to investigate the improvement of chemical properties and energy potential of the torrefied FW. The torrefaction of FW was conducted using tubular reactor to evaluate the influence of temperature (220 to 260°C) and residence time (15 to 60 min) on the quality of torrefied FW. The quality of torrefied FW were evaluated using ultimate analysis, proximate analysis, mass yield, energy yield and higher heating value (HHV). From ultimate analysis, the carbon, C was increased, however the hydrogen, H and oxygen, O decreased across the torrefaction temperature and residence time. This lead to the increasing of HHV with the increasing of temperature and time. The HHV of the dried FW was improved from 19.15 to 23.9 MJ/kg after being torrefied at 260°C for 60 min. The HHV indicated that FW has the potential to be utilized as an energy source.
Comparative Mass Transfer Study of Basic and Acid Magenta Adsorption onto Natural Clay
Authors: Yous Radia , Cherifi Hakima , Khalladi Razika
Published: August 2019

In this work a comparative study of basic and acid magenta sorption on Algerian natural untreated clay was investigated using theoretical models for the following conditions C0(BM) = 200 mg/L, C0(AM) = 150 mg/L, V = 500 mL, CB(BM) = 1g/L, T = 22 °C. Adsorption mechanism of both dyes based on an intraparticle diffusion, external mass transfer, and kinetic models was examined. Statistical error functions regression coefficient (R2), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the average relative error deviation ARED were used to estimate the deviation between experimental and theoretical values. This work indicated that the experimental results obtained for both dyes fitted well the chosen models in the following order: External model of Boyd < Kinetic model < Urano and Tachikawa model < External model of Weber and Morris ≤ Weber and Morris internal diffusion model. However, the calculated values of Biot number are 32.31 and 69.33 for acid magenta and basic magenta respectively, indicating that the adsorption of both dyes onto the same clay is initially controlled by external film diffusion at the first ten minutes. The adsorption capacity of the tested clay for both dyes is remarkable compared to other natural adsorbents. Where the best results were obtained for basic magenta (qexp = 198.028 mg g–1, R2 = 0.992, ARED = 0.128 and RMSE = 0.461).
Rotational Barrier and Conjugation: Theoretical Study of Resonance Stabilization of Various Substituents for the Donors NH2 and OCH3 in Substituted 1,3-Butadienes
Authors: Yateem Ali Hussain
Published: August 2019

The barrier to internal rotation around the central C2–C3 single bond of a series of (1E)-monosubstituted 1,3-butadienes and (1E,3E)-1-Y-4-X-disubstituted butadienes, with Y=NH2 or OCH3 and X=NO2, CHO, COOH, CN, CF3, Cl or F, were studied at the density functional w B97X-D/6-31G∗∗ level. The effect of substituents on π-conjugation in disubstituted 1,3-butadienes was studied by correlating the calculated internal rotational barriers with the difference in structural, atomic and molecular properties between the transition state TS and the s-trans conformers. The calculated differences in lengths of C–C, C–NH2 and C–OCH3 single bonds, N-H-N, and C-O-CH3 angles, NH2 out-of-plane angle, natural charges on amino nitrogen and methoxy oxygen, and the maximum electrostatic potential on amino hydrogens, were found to correlate strongly with the rotational barriers. The conjugative interaction was strongly stabilized in the case of strong π-electron acceptors such as NO2 or CHO and is slightly or negligibly affected with Cl and F groups. The resonance stabilization with the remaining acceptors decreases in the order COOH > CN > CF3. Acceptors X maintain their relative order of stabilization for the two donors, and NH2 is more stabilizing. Dominant resonance structures are suggested for highly and negligibly conjugated systems.
PROPUESTA DE METODOLOGÍA PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DE UN MAPA DE ORDENACIÓN MINERO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Hernández Zúñiga Adrián , Estrada Godoy Francisco , Mondragón Guzmán Rodrigo , Ramos Rodríguez José María
Published: August 2019

Se propone la metodología PlanMin para el desarrollo de proyectos mineros pequeños a medianos que se encuentren en la fase de planeación o reactivación. El método puede también servir de herramienta en la selección preliminar de sitios para ampliar nuevas actividades en operaciones mineras activas. La metodología busca proponer soluciones para la categorización y microzonificación de lotes mineros, para la óptima planeación y diseño de proyectos mineros, con base en criterios geomorfológicos, hidrogeológicos y con atención a la conservación de la vegetación. Tomando como una de las principales bases el análisis de los parámetros ambientales por medio del Proceso Analítico Jerárquico (PAJ). La suma de los parámetros establecidos está orientada a generar el Mapa de Ordenación Minero-Ambiental. Arranz González (2008) concibe a dicho mapa, como la herramienta cartográfica fundamental para la integración de las actividades mineras en la planificación territorial, representando una zonificación del territorio en función de la viabilidad de explotación de acuerdo con criterios mineros y ambientales.
RENDIMIENTO DE UN REACTOR AEROBIO DE LECHO FLUIDIZADO CON TERCERA CÁMARA EN LA REMOCIÓN DE NITRÓGENO
Authors: Montenegro Chaucanes Paula Andrea , Matsumoto Tsunao , Dall’Aglio Sobrinho Milton
Published: August 2019

El presente estudio muestra el funcionamiento de un reactor aerobio de lecho fluidizado – BAS reactor, de tubos concéntricos con la adición de una tercera cámara (un tubo concéntrico adicional), con el fin de generar dos zonas de reacción, una zona aerobia para las cámaras 1 y 2, siendo la cámara 1 totalmente aerobia por acción del inyector de gas, y la cámara dos medianamente aerobia por acción de la recirculación de burbujas de aire, y una zona anóxica para la cámara 3, debido a la no recirculación de burbujas de aire hacia esta cámara. Esto con el objetivo de facilitar, los procesos de nitrificación y desnitrificación. Los valores medios obtenidos en la remoción de DQO fueron 3.69 ± 1.44 Kg DQO m-3d-1 para una eficiencia de remoción del 80.5 ± 9.6% y una remoción media de Nitrógeno Total de 0.18 ± 0.07 Kg N m-3 d-1, para una eficiencia de remoción del 42.27 ± 17 %, con un TRH de 3 horas y la aplicación de dos relaciones de flujo. El reactor con la configuración de tubos concéntricos propuesta proporcionó zonas de reacción bien diferenciadas, manteniendo concentraciones de OD diferentes, aunque la zona anóxica no alcanzó a mantener concentraciones menores a 1 mg.L-1, el reactor presentó remoción de nitrógeno, por lo tanto, puede servir como un reactor prometedor para remoción de DQO y nitrógeno.