bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of metabolite biomarkers in serum of rats exposed to chlorpyrifos and cadmium
Authors: Xu Ming-Yuan , Wang Pan , Sun Ying-Jian , Yang Lin , Wu Yi-Jun
Published: March 2020

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) and cadmium (Cd) are widespread environmental pollutants, which are often present in drinking water and foods. However, the combined effects of CPF and Cd were not entirely clear at present. There was also no biomarker available to diagnose the poisoning of the two chemicals at low dose for long-term exposures. In this study, we investigated the change of serum metabolites of rats with subchronic exposure to CPF, Cd, and CPF plus Cd using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer-based metabolomics approach. We performed a stepwise optimization algorithm based on receiver operating characteristic to identify serum metabolite biomarkers for toxic diagnosis of the chemicals at different doses after 90-day exposure. We found that aminomalonic acid was the biomarker for the toxicity of Cd alone administration, and serine and propanoic acid were unique biomarkers for the toxicities of CPF plus Cd administrations. Our results suggest that subchronic exposure to CPF and Cd alone, or in combination at their low doses, could cause disturbance of energy and amino acid metabolism. Overall, we have shown that analysis of serum metabolomics can make exceptional contributions to the understanding of the toxic effects following long-term low-dose exposure of the organophosphorus pesticide and heavy metal.
Author Correction: DNA methylation landscape of triple-negative ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) progressing to the invasive stage in canine breast cancer
Authors: Beetch Megan , Harandi-Zadeh Sadaf , Yang Tony , Boycott Cayla , Chen Yihang , Stefanska Barbara , Mohammed Sulma I.
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
A bimetallic PtPd hybrid nanostructure-amplified enzyme-free conductometric immunoassay for lipocalin-2 in renal cell carcinoma on an interdigitated micro-comb electrode
Authors: Huang Chaoqun , Zhang Fengling , Wang Qingshui , Lin Yao , Huang Jiyi
Published: March 2020

A new enzyme-free conductometric immunoassay based on bimetallic PtPd hybrid nanostructures was developed for the sensitive determination of lipocalin-2 in renal cell carcinoma.
Interaction of silver nanoparticles with antioxidant enzymes
Authors: Liu Wei , Worms Isabelle , Slaveykova Vera I.
Published: March 2020

This paper revealed that the changes in the protein conformation and the dissolution of silver nanoparticles depended on the protein structure and could result in different degrees of enzymatic activity modulation.
Synthesis and biological activity of imidazole based 1,4-naphthoquinones
Authors: Choudhari Dinkar , Salunke-Gawali Sunita , Chakravarty Debamitra , Shaikh Samir R. , Lande Dipali N. , Gejji Shridhar P. , Rao Pradeep Kumar , Satpute Surekha , Puranik Vedavati G. , Gonnade Rajesh
Published: March 2020

Design and development of drugs in multi-drug resistant (MDR) infections have been of growing interest. The syntheses, structural studies, antibacterial and antifungal activities of imidazole-based 1,4-naphthoquinones are studied in this investigation.
Copper nanoparticles supported on highly nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers as heterogeneous catalysts for theipso-hydroxylation of phenyl boronic acid to phenol
Authors: Sadhasivam Velu , Harikrishnan Muniyasamy , Elamathi Ganesan , Balasaravanan Rajendran , Murugesan Sepperumal , Siva Ayyanar
Published: March 2020

Here, we report the synthesis of highly nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers as a solid heterogeneous catalyst for the oxidation of phenylboronic acid under atmospheric conditions in an aqueous medium to achieve very good yields up to 99%.
Underwater writable and heat-insulated paper with robust fluorine-free superhydrophobic coatings
Authors: Jiao Zhibin , Chu Wencai , Liu Linpeng , Mu Zhengzhi , Li Bo , Wang Ze , Liao Zhiwei , Wang Yuchen , Xue Hao , Niu Shichao , Jiang Saihua , Han Zhiwu , Ren Luquan
Published: March 2020

A bio-inspired underwater writable and heat-insulation durable paper with robust fluorine-free coatings was fabricated simply via a two-step spray-deposition technique.
Designing hierarchical structures of complex electronically conducting organic polymersviaone-step electro-polymerization
Authors: Ranathunge Tharindu A. , Ngo Duong T. , Karunarathilaka Dilan , Attanayake Nuwan H. , Chandrasiri Indika , Brogdon Phillip , Delcamp Jared H. , Rajapakse R. M. Gamini , Watkins Davita L.
Published: March 2020

Using electro-copolymerization as a versatile tool in synthesizing alternating and block copolymers, we have designed conjugation polymers with unique optical properties and excellent conductivities in comparison to conventional conjugated polymers.
Quantifying the nitrogen effect on CO2 capture using isoporous network polymers
Authors: Nguyen Thien S. , Yavuz Cafer T.
Published: March 2020

The impact of nitrogen atoms on CO2 binding was evaluated for two isostructural porous bisimidazole-linked polymers (BILPs), which serendipitously had identical surface areas and pore size distributions, a very rare observation.
Identifying the catalyst chemical state and adsorbed species during methanol conversion on copper using ambient pressure X-ray spectroscopies
Authors: Eren Baran , Sole Christopher G. , Lacasa Jesús S. , Grinter David , Venturini Federica , Held Georg , Esconjauregui Cruz S. , Weatherup Robert S.
Published: March 2020

A model Cu catalyst surface oxidises to Cu2O when methanol, oxygen and water vapour are all present during methanol conversion.
Extension and evaluation of the D4 London-dispersion model for periodic systems
Authors: Caldeweyher Eike , Mewes Jan-Michael , Ehlert Sebastian , Grimme Stefan
Published: March 2020

We present an extension of the DFT-D4 model [J. Chem. Phys., 2019, 150, 154122] for periodic systems.
Antimicrobial properties of half-sandwich Ir(iii) cyclopentadienyl complexes with pyridylbenzimidazole ligands
Authors: Mansour Ahmed M. , Radacki Krzysztof
Published: March 2020

Ethyl group determined the toxicity of pyridylbenzimidazole Ir(iii) compounds and exchange of the group with sulfonate led to diminishing of the antibacterial activity. Increasing the metal content per complex,3, gave rise to a compound with no toxicity.
The surface hydroxyl and oxygen vacancy dependent Cr(vi) adsorption performance of BiOCl
Authors: Zhan Guangming , Li Jie , Hu Yue , Zhao Shengxi , Cao Shiyu , Jia Falong , Zhang Lizhi
Published: March 2020

The migration and bioavailability of Cr(vi) are determined by its adsorption behavior, which is sensitive to the coordination environment of mineral surfaces, especially natural surface defects, such as surface hydroxyls and oxygen vacancies.
Novel malonic acid assisted synthesized porous Fe2O3 microspheres for ultra-fast response and recovery toward triethylamine
Authors: Zhai Chengbo , Liu Yi , Du Liyong , Wang Dongxue , Zhang Mingzhe
Published: March 2020

A porous Fe2O3 microsphere-based sensor exhibits ultra-fast TEA response/recovery speeds and a broad detection range.
Simple improvements to Gilch synthesis and molecular weight modulation of MEH-PPV
Authors: O'shea Riley , Wong Wallace W. H.
Published: March 2020

The solvent and temperature used in the Gilch synthesis of poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) were varied to achieve an improved set of reaction conditions.
Insights into N-heterocyclic carbene and Lewis acid cooperatively catalyzed oxidative [3 + 3] annulation reactions of α,β-unsaturated aldehyde with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds
Authors: Wang Xinghua , Wang Yang , Song Jinshuai , Wei Donghui
Published: March 2020

N-Heterocyclic carbene and Lewis acid cooperatively catalyzed oxidative [3 + 3] annulation reactions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds have been systematically studied in theory.
Construction of spirooxindole-fused spiropyrazolones containing contiguous three stereogenic centres via [3 + 2] annulation utilizing a ferrocene derived bifunctional phosphine catalyst
Authors: Luo Wenjun , Shao Bingxuan , Li Jingyi , Xiao Xiao , Song Dingguo , Ling Fei , Zhong Weihui
Published: March 2020

Regional and stereoselective construction of spirooxindole-fused spiropyrazolones containing contiguous three stereogenic centres via [3 + 2] annulation catalyzed by ferrocene derived bifunctional phosphine.
Strategies for remote enantiocontrol in chiral gold(iii) complexes applied to catalytic enantioselective γ,δ-Diels–Alder reactions
Authors: Reid Jolene P. , Hu Mingyou , Ito Susumu , Huang Banruo , Hong Cynthia M. , Xiang Hengye , Sigman Matthew S. , Toste F. Dean
Published: March 2020

Chiral square planar gold(iii) complexes are employed as catalysts in asymmetric Diels–Alder reactions. The non-covalent interactions responsible for the enantioselectivity are revealed through multivariate linear regression analysis.
Instruction Using Augmentative and Alternative Communication Supports: Description of Current Practices by Speech-Language Pathologists Who Work With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Clarke Kaitlyn A. , Williams Diane L.
Published: March 2020

Purpose

The aim of this research study was to examine common practices of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who work with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with respect to whether or not SLPs consider processing differences in ASD or the effects of input during their instruction.

Method

Following a qualitative research method, how SLPs instruct and present augmentative and alternative communication systems to individuals with ASD, their rationale for method selection, and their perception of the efficacy of selected interventions were probed. Semistructured interviews were conducted as part of an in-depth case report with content analysis.

Results

Based on completed interviews, 4 primary themes were identified: (a)
instructional method
, (b)
input provided
, (c)
decision-making process
, and (d)
perceived efficacy of treatment
. Additionally, one secondary theme,
training and education received
, was identified
.

Conclusions

Clinicians reported making decisions based on the needs of the child; however, they also reported making decisions based on the diagnostic category that characterized the child (i.e., ASD). The use of modeling when teaching augmentative and alternative communication to individuals with ASD emerged as a theme, but variations in the method of modeling were noted. SLPs did not report regularly considering processing differences in ASD, nor did they consider the effects of input during instruction.
Making Object Shape Explicit for Toddlers With Late Language Emergence
Authors: Capone Singleton Nina , Anderson Laura
Published: March 2020

Purpose

Toddlers with late language emergence have difficulty acquiring an object vocabulary that is well defined by shape early in development. Without object words, subsequent language growth is delayed. The current study tested an intervention scaffold that highlights object shape during word teaching so that toddlers with late language emergence may establish themselves in the early stages of object word learning.

Method

Four toddlers with late language emergence participated in a brief dose of two interventions that differed only in semantic scaffold—a co-speech shape gesture or a co-speech indicator gesture. Co-speech refers to the word model and gesture occurring simultaneously. Shape gestures explicitly conveyed object form, whereas indicator gestures directed attention to the object. A single-subject experimental design tracked naming of taught objects and untaught exemplars. The study compared the mean number of phonemes produced in names between conditions.

Results

The four participants (a) extended more names to novel exemplars, (b) named more exemplar types, and (c) named more exemplar tokens when learned with shape gestures than with indicating gestures. The shape gesture advantage was confirmed with “percentage of nonoverlapping data” analysis. Not only did the shape gesture increase naming over the indicator gesture but more sounds were also mapped on average in the shape condition.

Conclusion

The current study used a semantic approach to the word learning problem in toddlers with late language emergence. We conclude that co-speech shape gestures led to semantic enrichment and facilitated phonological binding of the word representation. Future experiments should focus on a component analysis in parent-implemented interventions for greater carryover in the child's natural environment (i.e., external validity).
A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating Online Training for Prelinguistic Communication
Authors: Feuerstein Julie L. , Olswang Lesley B.
Published: March 2020

Purpose

This study explored the utility of online training as a platform for teaching early intervention speech-language pathologists to recognize potentially communicative, prelinguistic behaviors in young children with physical disabilities and complex communication needs.

Method

Using a randomized controlled trial, 45 early intervention speech-language pathologists were randomly assigned to one of three conditions within an online training: practice with implicit problem-solving (identification condition), practice with explicit problem-solving (reflection condition), or no practice (control condition). Knowledge about early communication, skill at recognizing prelinguistic behaviors, time taken to complete the training, and perceptions of the training experience were examined.

Results

Participants in the no-practice control condition took significantly less time to complete the training, achieved the same positive outcomes on the knowledge and skill assessments, and rated the training as appealing as compared with participants assigned to the more time-intensive identification and reflection practice conditions.

Conclusions

Results suggest the importance of considering efficiency and appeal when designing successful trainings for moving evidence into practice.
Gain and phase margins based stability region analysis of time‐delayed shipboard microgrid with sea wave energy
Authors: Yildirim Burak
Published: March 2020

One of the used areas of wave energy conversion systems is shipboards. In shipboard microgrid with wave energy conversion systems, load frequency control is very important because of the over‐variable nature of the energy generated by wave energy conversion system. In this study, new controller design for load frequency control of the shipboard microgrid with wave energy conversion systems is proposed. With the proposed controller design, the system is operated in suitable stable parameter space in order to guarantee the desired gain and phase margins and the system is more stable against the uncertainties of parameters that will occur. A virtual phase and gain margin tester is added to the shipboard microgrid with wave energy conversion systems in order to take into account the gain and phase margin in the stability region calculations. First, the characteristic equation of this system is obtained. After the appropriate conversion operations on the obtained characteristic equation, the stable parameter space of the controller is calculated by taking into account time delay, gain and phase margin. Eigenvalue and time‐domain analysis studies are performed on the system to show the accuracy of the stability region results.
Mitigation of the Wonorejo active fault on the Probolinggo-Banyuwangi toll road
Authors: Kazhimi Reza
Published: March 2020

As the world’s largest archipelago, Indonesia is located between the world’s most active seismic region. This situation leads Indonesia to be part of the region that has the highest seismic potential in the world. In recent years, one of the infrastructures that experiences significant development is the toll road. As Indonesia is located in active tectonic areas, it is certainly a challenge in the process of determining the alignment and technical design of the toll road. The original alignment (based on basic design) of Probolinggo-Banyuwangi toll road which is now in the planning stage was passing the Wonorejo fault which is an active fault based on the Seismic Hazard Maps of Indonesia 2017. Because earthquakes are natural events that have not been accurately calculated and estimated, both when and where they occur as well as their magnitude, according to the mitigation strategies for fault rupture suggested by FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency), the fault rupture should be avoided, even more, earthquakes have the potential to cause large losses. Based on these considerations, the alignment of the Probolinggo-Banyuwangi toll road is in the process of being submitted for a shift to the east in order to avoid the location of the Wonorejo fault.
Mitigation through seepage reduction in dams
Authors: Haryati Novy , Hakam Abdul
Published: March 2020

There are many landslide and damages have occurred at dams due to the seepage. In addition, dam works often took inattention of the underneath soil parameters. This careless works resulted in failure of the dam structure as well as landslides. Based on this reason, a good research to be applied to dams is needed. Further, the potential landslides can be avoided. In this study an analysis of seepage analysis at the bottom of the dam is carried out. The landslide analysis is done by varying the parameter to build up the seepage. The case studies analyzed is taken at the seepage that occurred in Sei Wampu Dam located in North Sumatra. Soil data are obtained from the field tests which have been carried out in the previous work. The numerical simulation using the finite element method is gained to conduct the analysis. During the analyses, the variation of parameters obtained from the seepage calculation was recorded. The obtained seepage parameters that affect the stability of dams are then elaborated. The study results can be used for the mitigation efforts at the dams that have the potential for landslides.
Prediction of a design flood-discharge that caused sedimentation in the river mouth of Batang Anai
Authors: Mera Mas , Yuldi Hendra
Published: March 2020

Batang Anai is a river that crosses through four administrative regions in the West Sumatra Province with a catchment area of about 498 km2. The upstream is a steep topography because it is located in west part of the Marapi mount. While the middle and lower reaches are mild since in the lowlands. The flow empties into the Indian Ocean. These conditions make this river meandering in the middle and lower reaches. The river mouth is influenced by the tide in which resists sedimentation toward the ocean. As a result, the capacity of the river cross-section decreases which eventually causes flooding. In 2013, the lower reach was dredged. In 2015, however, the river mouth was covered back by sedimentation by two-meter height in some points. Bathymetry was measured before and after dredging. This study is conducted to determine a design flood-discharge that caused sedimentation based on the 2015 bathymetry data by simulation using the SMS software, i.e. the RMA2 module for modelling hydrodynamics and the SED2D module for modelling sedimentation. The attention is paid to see both flow patterns and sedimentation profiles. The model scenarios consider by either including or excluding the Batang Kandis flow. Batang Kandis is a tributary of Batang Anai which empties into near its river mouth. The design flood-discharges for simulation are varied according to the return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25 and 50 years. The bathymetry data used for simulation are the 2013 one after dredging. All the simulation results are then compared to the 2015 bathymetry data. The hydrodynamic model in which the Batang Kandis flow included gives velocities close to those from the field for all return periods. The results of the sediment model using the flood flow with a 5-year return period, that’s Batang Anai is 1060 m3/s and Batang Kandis is 268.5 m3/s, show that the sedimentation profiles are closed to the 2015 bathymetric measurement data.
Seismic microzonation of soil amplification and liquefaction for Padang City
Authors: Tohari Adrin
Published: March 2020

The magnitude 7.6 MW earthquake that occurred on 30 September 2009 in West Sumatera caused significant damages to buildings in the city of Padang related to the phenomenon of amplification and liquefaction. This paper presents the results of the assessment and mapping of amplification and liquefaction, carried out in the coastal area of Padang City. Mapping of soil amplification was carried out in 250 locations using the HVSR microtremor method. Meanwhile, evaluation of the potential for liquefaction was carried out in 95 locations using a cone penetration test-based method. Based on the analysis, Padang City has five seismic susceptibility zonations. Coastal areas, including the sub-districts of Koto Tangah, North Padang, West Padang, and South Padang, are located in high to very high susceptibility to soil amplification and liquefaction. These results are in agreement with the phenomenon of building damage due to amplification and liquefaction during the 2009 earthquake.
Analysis of potential liquefaction of sandy soils using effective confining pressure
Authors: Nur Indah Sari Siti
Published: March 2020

Earthquake disasters are some of the most frequent disasters in the world. One of the impacts of earthquakes is liquefaction. Indonesia is earthquake-prone and has been negatively impacted by liquefaction. Recently liquefaction resulting from an earthquake in Palu, Central Sulawesi caused losses in terms of material and lives motivating a more detailed study of this risk to reduce it in the future. In this study, an analysis of the liquefaction potential of sandy soil was carried out by varying the effective confining pressure to produce a graph relating fine contents (FC) to cyclic resistance ratio (CRR).The value of the cyclic resistance ratio is needed to determine the safety factor for potential liquefaction.
Decision Support System for flood management in Batang Arau river basin
Authors: Nurhamidah Nurhamidah , Junaidi Ahmad , Hasyim Nz Arraufi
Published: March 2020

Flood is one of the most vulnerable disasters in Indonesia. Batang Arau river basin is located in the West Sumatra province, which is one of the areas that often experience the flood. Since 1894, a number of measures have been taken to control flooding in the Batang Arau river basin. However, until now, the incidence of flooding is still not appropriately resolved. The aim of this study is to identify the areas that had the worst impact due to flood events in the Batang Arau river basin over the past 10 years and then identify the leading causes of the flood event. After that, the Decision Support System (DSS) was carried out using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to determine the suitable measures both structural and no structural for flood control in the Batang Arau. In order to achieve these objectives, data was taken in the form of; the historical flood event over past 10 years, the factors causing flood events based on field observations and review studies, and Measures to control flood events according to experts. So that the results of this study will be able to describe short-term and long-term for flood management, which are adaptable for future flood management strategy.
Evaluation of seismic capacity on the building law Faculty Tadulako University due to Palu earthquake 2018
Authors: Medriosa Hamdeni
Published: March 2020

Indonesia is located in a high level of the earthquake risk area. According to USGS data, from December 2004 to October 2009, more than ten large earthquakes occurred and exceeded 5.0 Scale Richter in magnitude. Recently, the major earthquake occurred on September 28, 2018, in Palu City, Central Sulawesi, with 7.4 on the Scale Richter in magnitude and triggered a lot of building damaged. In this study, the seismic capacity of a 3-story reinforced concrete building, which collapsed due to a large earthquake in the city of Palu, was evaluated. The Standard for Seismic Evaluation of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings, 2001 from Japan, was used to evaluate the seismic capacity of reinforced concrete. In this analysis only reviews the column structure elements. However, the brick wall elements are considered to determine net column height. The analysis has been done only for the first floor, where there is the maximum shear force on the structure. Seismic capacity is determined by the relationship between the lateral strength and the ductility index. The obtained results of the seismic capacity analysis showed that the total strength index value of the building was 0.307 for the north to south and 0.455. The seismic capacity of this building is compared with the seismic capacity of a reinforced concrete building that survived due to a large earthquake with 7.6 on the Scale Richter in West Sumatra in September 2009. The obtained results show that the strength index value of this building is smaller than that of a building that could survive the 2009 West Sumatra earthquake.
Finite element modeling of concrete confined with circular thin-walled steel sheet
Authors: Hario Yudhanto Ashando , Piscesa Bambang , Attard Mario M. , Suswanto Budi , Suprobo Priyo
Published: March 2020

For a reinforced concrete column to behave in a ductile manner without much loss on strength requires sufficient confinement to the concrete core. One way to provide confinement to the concrete core is to use external confining devices such as a series of thin-walled circular steel sheet tube to confine the concrete. This type of external confining device falls off on the categories of Steel Tube Confined Concrete (STCC). With the presence of a gap between the steel sheet, the buckling on the tube due to high axial stresses can be avoided. On the other hand, STCC also offers great advantages to strengthen a non-code conforming reinforced concrete column to achieve better resistance to withstand earthquake load. From the numerical analysis point of view, the important task to successfully model the STCC specimen lies in the modeling of the interface behavior between concrete and steel tube. For that purpose, in this paper, the 3D-NLFEA package is used to study the response of STCC. The analysis result is further compared with the available test results in the literature. From the analysis, the predicted response is excellent. Detailed discussion on the parameter of the interface behavior between concrete and steel tube is presented.
Experimental investigation on interlocking concrete block for masonry wall of non-engineered earthquake resistant buildings
Authors: Teguh Mochamad , Widi Rivai Furqon , Rahmyanti Novi , Wahyu Pradana Erik
Published: March 2020

Most of the seismic damage of existing traditional buildings is due to the absence of practical beam and column structures as the main reinforcement of the building. While a masonry wall as a structural component is commonly negligible due to their relatively low strength in contributing to the frame structure. As a result, when the earthquake struck, the building collapsed, and the ruins of building elements hit the occupants seriously and caused many deaths. This paper presents the results of preliminary research on the experimental investigation of interlocking concrete block for the masonry wall applied to non-engineered earthquake-resistant buildings. The interlocking between concrete blocks is expected to contribute to the strength of the masonry wall in resisting the loads, either in-plane or out-of-plane directions. The novelty of this type of concrete block lies in the uniqueness of the interlocking shape, making it effective in withstanding the earthquake load. This research focuses on the testing of interlocking concrete block units in withstanding loads in the direction and perpendicular to the field and equipped with testing the compressive strength of the wall and diagonal shear strength. The results produce interlocking models of concrete block contribute to better strength than ordinary clay bricks for the masonry wall.
Analysis of school damage due to Lombok earthquake on August 2018
Authors: Asmirza M Sofian
Published: March 2020

The Lombok earthquakes on 5 and 19 August, 2018 have caused fatality and damage buildings including houses and schools. It was reported that the Lombok earthquake had caused damage to at least 606 schools in West Nusa Tenggara. Following the earthquake, the field survey was carried out in a few days to collecting data of damaged schools in Lombok. The global positions of surveyed schools were recorded during the survey to identify the geological and seismicity condition surrounding area. The data were analyzed to understand the cause of the damaged. The damage pattern of the schools is also analyzed and then compared to the other related studies. The damage on the schools in Lombok Island generally has a result of insufficient quality of the building materials. Further, understanding the earthquake resistant building for earthquake prone areas is the most basic knowledge to be informed to the Local Government who has authority to manage the schools. This study suggests for establish Local formal rule of related to minimal requirement for earthquake resistant school building following the microzonation.
Organersatzverfahren: Update Nierenersatztherapie
Authors: Massoth Christina , Zarbock Alexander
Published: March 2020

Die steigende Inzidenz der schweren akuten Nierenschädigung in Verbindung mit weiterhin hohen Mortalitätsraten stellt die intensivmedizinische Versorgung vor eine wachsende Herausforderung. Nierenersatzverfahren sind die wichtigste Therapiemaßnahme und kommen gleichermaßen zunehmend zum Einsatz – ungeachtet dessen werden wesentliche Aspekte ihrer Umsetzung infolge einer eingeschränkten Evidenzlage kontrovers diskutiert.
Progrediente pulmonale Beteiligung bei amyopathischer Dermatomyositis
Authors: Kiefer David , Andreica Ioana , Braun Jürgen
Published: March 2020

In dieser Fallserie werden 3 Patienten mit einer Dermatomyositis bzw. Polymyositis autoimmuner Genese vorgestellt, die nach Entwicklung einer rasch progredienten interstitiellen Lungenbeteiligung trotz Immunsuppressiva innerhalb von Monaten verstarben. Alle 3 Patienten hatten ein passendes Antikörperprofil – bei 2 wurden Myositis-spezifische anti-melanoma-differentiation-associated-gene (MDA5)-Antikörper und bei der dritten Myositis-assoziierte Anti-Ku-Antikörper nachgewiesen. Dermatomyositis und Polymyositis sind seltene Autoimmunerkrankungen mit unterschiedlichen klinischen Manifestationen und Antikörperkonstellationen. Insbesondere das Vorliegen von MDA5-Antikörpern ist mit einer rasch progredienten pulmonalen Beteiligung und einer schlechten Prognose assoziiert.
Individual-Level Linkage of Primary and Secondary Data from Three Sources for Comprehensive Analyses of Low Birthweight Effects
Authors: Druschke Diana , Arnold Katrin , Heinrich Luise , Reichert Jörg , Rüdiger Mario , Schmitt Jochen
Published: March 2020

Aim of the study The linkage of primary and secondary data is becoming an increasingly popular approach in healthcare research, but involves some challenges for all involved parties, for example due to data protection requirements. The aim of this article is to systematically outline the methods used and experiences made during a cohort study in the field of pediatric health care research (EcoCare-PIn) that involved access to and linkage of three different data sources. Particular focus is placed on the necessary regulatory measures with regard to data access and data linkage as well as on data validation to ensure a correct linkage.

Methods While complying with all relevant data protection requirements, the study realized an individual-level linkage of a) pseudonymized administrative health insurance data from a statutory health insurance on Saxon children born between 2007 and 2013, b) primary data collected via postal questionnaires from parents/caregivers and c) medical data from kindergarten- and school-entry-examinations of Saxon health authorities. The fundamental principle of the concept of data linkage was to strictly separate the sites of data collection and data analysis, which was realized through the involvement of a trust center.

Results Challenges especially pertained to the extensive regulatory pre-requirements for data access as well as to data protection requirements while performing the study. Technical aspects and data validation also required a considerable share of attention and resources. A number of validation routines were applied to avoid incorrect data linkage and to ensure the high quality of the final dataset. Data validation included both plausibility checks within the primary data and consistency checks of information given in primary and secondary data.

Conclusion The linkage of primary and secondary data on the individual level offers great opportunities for using the strengths of different data sources synergistically and overcoming some of their limitations. Statutory health insurance data and medical data from kindergarten- and school-entry-examinations of Saxon health authorities are examples of already existing data sources that can complement cost-consuming primary data collections by valuable data sets and open up opportunities for longitudinal analysis.
Ziel: 20 statt 50! Aktuelle Daten zum Zielwert der Testosteronsenkung und die Forschung hierüber seit erster „LH-RH“ (GnRH)-Analoga-Gabe an Patienten vor 40 Jahren
Authors: Hammerer Peter , Grohmann Walther , Merseburger Axel S.
Published: March 2020

Beim ersten Einsatz eines LH-RH (heute: GnRH)-Analogon zur Therapie des Prostatakarzinoms war das Kastrationsniveau von unter 50 ng/dl willkürlich festgelegt. Seither zeigen zahlreiche Untersuchungen, dass mit einer dauerhaften Senkung des Testosteronspiegels, wie z. B. durch Buserelin, auf Werte von unter 20 ng/dl eine deutliche Verbesserung des Outcome einhergeht. Dies wird in aktuellen Studien belegt, sodass der Kastrationsspiegel mit Werten von unter 20 ng/dl zu fordern ist. Darüber hinaus stellt der Hormonentzug mit GnRH-Analoga weiterhin die Basistherapie für neue Therapieoptionen wie z. B. mit Abirateron, Enzalutamid bzw. Apalutamid dar.
Treatment of Cherubism with Salmon Calcitonin: A Case Report
Authors: Etoz Osman A , Dolanmaz Dogan , Gunhan Omer
Published: March 2020

Cherubism is a familial disease of the jaws which is inherited via autosomal dominant manner. Typical features of cherubism include a painless bilateral, symmetrical enlargement of the jaws, misalignment of teeth, and intra-osseous central giant cell granuloma-like lesions, which are usually evident in early childhood. Treatment of cherubism consists of local curettage of the lesions, jaw contouring, intralesional steroid injections, and systemic calcitonin administration as well. Calcitonin therapy for central giant cell granuloma of the jaws is well documented, and favorable results have been achieved. However, fewer reports have been presented in regard to calcitonin administration for cherubism. In the present report, a 14-year-old boy with cherubism who had intra-osseous cherubic lesions in his mandible was treated with an administration of 200 IU systemic calcitonin every other day via his nasal passage for duration of more than two years. After 30 months of calcitonin therapy, the lesions in the mandible were significantly regressed, and calcitonin application was ceased. Despite some drawbacks, such as unpredictable efficient absorption and patient tolerability, nasal administration is the easiest way to use calcitonin therapy on children. In this report, every-other-day applications of calcitonin increased patient tolerability and might be considered as an effective treatment for mild cherubic lesions. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:486-491)
Concomitant Rhinoplasty and Septal Perforation Repair
Authors: Kridel Russell W.H. , Delaney Sean W.
Published: March 2020

The rhinoplasty surgeon may encounter nasal septal perforations (NSPs) during the examination of the prospective rhinoplasty candidate, many of whom have had prior septal surgery. While small NSPs may be asymptomatic, larger NSPs may cause nasal obstruction, crusting, bleeding, or external nasal deformities. Septal perforation repair and rhinoplasty can be safely and effectively performed simultaneously for the appropriate surgical candidate. In this article, we review the important considerations when determining the surgical candidacy for concomitant rhinoplasty and septal perforation repair.
Using Digital Profileplasty for Surgical Planning
Authors: Menapace Deanna C. , Oliver Jeremie D. , Courson Andrew , Hamilton Grant S.
Published: March 2020

This paper describes a method for setting up an automated and reliable digital profileplasty technique for use in Adobe Photoshop. Digital imaging software can be used to extrapolate more exact measurements during profileplasty. The digital profileplasty technique is helpful to provide intraoperative guidance during surgery.
Correction of the Saddle Nose Deformity
Authors: Hamilton Grant S.
Published: March 2020

Saddle nose deformities are among the most challenging problems in rhinoplasty. These patients have often had previous surgery and may have complicated medical histories. Reconstructing the septum is a necessary prerequisite to correcting the contour of the nose. With proper planning and thoughtful execution, patients suffering from disfiguring saddle noses can be safely operated on—even those with vasculitic diseases.
On the automatic parameter selection for permutation entropy
Authors: Myers Audun , Khasawneh Firas A.
Published: March 2020

Permutation Entropy (PE) is a cost effective tool for summarizing the complexity of a time series. It has been used in many applications including damage detection, disease forecasting, detection of dynamical changes, and financial volatility analysis. However, to successfully use PE, an accurate selection of two parameters is needed: the permutation dimension n and embedding delay τ. These parameters are often suggested by experts based on a heuristic or by a trial and error approach. Both of these methods can be time-consuming and lead to inaccurate results. In this work, we investigate multiple schemes for automatically selecting these parameters with only the corresponding time series as the input. Specifically, we develop a frequency-domain approach based on the least median of squares and the Fourier spectrum, as well as extend two existing methods: Permutation Auto-Mutual Information Function and Multi-scale Permutation Entropy (MPE) for determining τ. We then compare our methods as well as current methods in the literature for obtaining both τ and n against expert-suggested values in published works. We show that the success of any method in automatically generating the correct PE parameters depends on the category of the studied system. Specifically, for the delay parameter τ, we show that our frequency approach provides accurate suggestions for periodic systems, nonlinear difference equations, and electrocardiogram/electroencephalogram data, while the mutual information function computed using adaptive partitions provides the most accurate results for chaotic differential equations. For the permutation dimension n, both False Nearest Neighbors and MPE provide accurate values for n for most of the systems with a value of n=5 being suitable in most cases.
Intrinsic heterogeneity of shear banding: Hints from diffusion and relaxation measurements of Co micro-alloyed PdNiP-based glass
Authors: Hubek René , Seleznev Mikhail , Binkowski Isabelle , Peterlechner Martin , Divinski Sergiy V. , Wilde Gerhard
Published: March 2020

The influence of Co micro-alloying (1 at. %) on the shear band diffusion and the relaxation processes in a model PdNiP bulk metallic glass is investigated. The shear bands are induced by one-pass cold-rolling. In addition to a fast shear band diffusion branch (Dsb≃10−16m2/s at 473 K), with the diffusivity being similar to that observed for the cold-rolled standard Pd40Ni40P20 composition, an ultrafast diffusion branch (Dsb≃10−14m2/s at the same temperature) is found to exist in the micro-alloyed glass. Combined with previously reported observations of faster relaxation of both the Boson peak height and the fictive temperature, the results indicate that Co micro-alloying affects the excess free volume distribution and thus changes the potential energy landscape of the glass, introducing a higher number of local atomic arrangements prone to the formation of shear transformation zones under plastic deformation.
Randomly branching θ-polymers in two and three dimensions: Average properties and distribution functions
Authors: Adroher-Benítez Irene , Rosa Angelo
Published: March 2020

Motivated by renewed interest in the physics of branched polymers, we present here a detailed characterization of the connectivity and spatial properties of 2- and 3-dimensional single-chain conformations of randomly branching polymers under θ-solvent conditions obtained by Monte Carlo computer simulations. The first part of the work focuses on polymer average properties, such as the average polymer spatial size as a function of the total tree mass and the typical length of the average path length on the polymer backbone. In the second part, we move beyond average chain behavior and we discuss the complete distribution functions for tree paths and tree spatial distances, which are shown to obey the classical Redner–des Cloizeaux functional form. Our results were rationalized first by the systematic comparison to a Flory theory for branching polymers and next by generalized Fisher–Pincus relationships between scaling exponents of distribution functions. For completeness, the properties of θ-polymers were compared to their ideal (i.e., no volume interactions) as well as good-solvent (i.e., above the θ-point) counterparts. The results presented here complement the recent work performed in our group [A. Rosa and R. Everaers, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 49, 345001 (2016); J. Chem. Phys. 145, 164906 (2016); and Phys. Rev. E 95, 012117 (2017)] in the context of the scaling properties of branching polymers.
Highly nitrogen-vacancy doped diamond nanostructures fabricated by ion implantation and optimum annealing
Authors: Sumikura Hisashi , Hirama Kazuyuki , Nishiguchi Katsuhiko , Shinya Akihiko , Notomi Masaya
Published: March 2020

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond photonic nanostructures have attracted much attention as efficient single photon emitters and quantum bits. These quantum optical devices mostly require single or low-density NV centers doped in thin diamond membranes. In contrast, this study focuses on diamond photonic nanostructures with a high concentration of NV centers to achieve a diamond color center laser with a sufficient gain available as a visible light source and a sensitive magnetic-field sensor. We employ high-dose helium ion implantation to type-Ib diamond substrates and thermal annealing, which enables us to obtain uniform thin diamond membranes containing a dense ensemble of NV centers. Luminescence spectroscopy reveals the kinetics of NV centers at high temperature from which we find an optimum annealing temperature maximizing the NV center emission while suppressing the transformation from NV to H3 centers. Furthermore, fine photonic nanowires are also successfully fabricated in the air-suspended diamond membrane, and they exhibit intense photoluminescence from the NV centers with a concentration as high as 7 × 1016 cm−3 (0.4 ppm). These results suggest a route to the fabrication of diamond photonic nanostructures containing a dense ensemble of NV centers, which can be a key material for developing diamond-based light emitting and magnetic-field sensing devices.
Probing allosteric coupling in a constitutively open mutant of the ion channel KcsA using solid-state NMR
Authors: Sun Zhiyu , Xu Yunyao , Zhang Dongyu , McDermott Ann E.
Published: March 2020

Significance

Inactivation of potassium channels controls its mean open time and provides exquisite control over biological processes. In the highly conserved C-type inactivation process, opening of the activation gate causes subsequent inactivation. We test whether the open state of the channel simply has a poor ability to bind the K
+
ion. Previously, activated and inactivated states were stabilized using truncations or a significant pH drop. Here, we use the H25R/E118A constitutively open mutant of KcsA and also observe a large drop in potassium binding affinity. This provides strong evidence that channel opening causes an allosteric loss of ion affinity, and that the central feature of this universal channel inactivation process is loss of ion affinity at the selectivity filter.
Small protein folds at the root of an ancient metabolic network
Authors: Raanan Hagai , Poudel Saroj , Pike Douglas H. , Nanda Vikas , Falkowski Paul G.
Published: March 2020

Significance

Life dissipates energy far from thermodynamic equilibrium via electron transport systems that are coupled to external sources of oxidants and reductants. Biological electron transport, in turn, is catalyzed by a suite of enzymes that comprise the superfamily of oxidoreductases. The origin of oxidoreductases is enigmatic. Comparing protein topology and the sequence of modern oxidoreductases, we deduce a putative common ancestor that may have existed at the earliest stages of metabolism. Through duplication, recruitment of other proteins, and diversification, this ancestral protein may have evolved to facilitate electron transfer and redox catalysis at a very early stage in the origin of metabolism.
Anatomy of Hungarian aspectual particles
Authors: Csirmaz Anikó , Slade Benjamin
Published: March 2020

The paper explores a common core of meaning that various aspectual adverbials in Hungarian (including megint,
ismét ‘again’, még ‘still’) share. It is proposed that there is a general definition for
various aspectual elements related to times and events. We suggest that some components of those elements, including the
scalar argument and the focus set, can vary – and this results in the different specific meanings. We assume that meaning is
compositional and also address the complex form mégis ‘(concessive) still’ and other elements that appear to
be synonymous with mégis.
Word order effects of givenness in Hungarian:
Authors: Szalontai Ádám , Surányi Balázs
Published: March 2020

This pioneering study presents results from a forced choice experiment designed to investigate the favoured linear placement of
given constituents within the post-verbal domain of Hungarian. Specifically, the experiment tested the preferred relative
position of textually given topical adjunct phrases. The results indicate that speakers prefer to place topical given
constituents in the immediately post-verbal position, preceding contextually new items in the clause final position. The paper
makes the argument that the results are best explained by an interface approach that sees word order variation as driven by
the prosodic marking associated with givenness.
Fixed stress as phonological redundancy
Authors: Vogel Irene
Published: March 2020

From the perspective of word prosody, fixed stress languages such as Hungarian may seem rather uninteresting: stress, by
definition, always falls on the same position in a word. This paper examines the acoustic properties of Hungarian stress based
on a large, systematically collected, corpus and considers them in relation to issues of redundancy in speech production and
in speech perception (stress deafness). The Hungarian findings also serve as the basis of comparison for languages with other
types of stress systems, analysed with the same methods: Turkish, Arabic and Spanish. It is demonstrated that stress
predictability affects both speech production and perception, and also that its effect may be mitigated by exceptions in
otherwise predictable stress languages.