bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliable Measure of Written Receptive Vocabulary Size: Using the L2 Depth of Vocabulary Knowledge as a Yardstick
Authors: Janebi Enayat Mostafa , Amirian Seyed Mohammad Reza , Zareian Gholamreza , Ghaniabadi Saeed
Published: January 2018

This study investigates the correlations between the three measures of written receptive vocabulary size and second language (L2) depth of vocabulary knowledge to find the most reliable test of vocabulary size. Moreover, the corresponding relationship is examined for the higher and lower word-frequency bands of the three tests to find whether the correlation between the two constructs differs as a function of frequency level and task format. In so doing, Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT), the monolingual and bilingual Persian versions of the Vocabulary Size Test (VST), and Word Associates Test (WAT) were administered to 122 high-proficient undergraduate English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. Results of Pearson correlations and linear regression analyses indicated that (a) the VLT had the highest correlation with the participants’ scores on the WAT; (b) although all the three tests of vocabulary size could significantly predict L2 depth of vocabulary knowledge, the VLT was the strongest predictor; (c) the higher word-frequency levels of the three VSTs in general, and the VLT in particular, were more predictive of L2 vocabulary depth; and (d) the 3,000-word-frequency level of the VLT, in particular, had the highest contribution to the performance on the WAT. The overall findings point to the superiority of the VLT among the three measures of vocabulary size.
Duality in Cyclical Trends in European Union Confirmed
Authors: Hašková Simona , Vochozka Marek
Published: January 2018

This article differentiates the euro-economies in terms of the degree of synchronization with the cyclical position of Germany perceived herein as a hegemon economy. The purpose of this study is the identification of the euro-economies that can be identified as an effective monetary area in terms of similarity in economic structure with German economy. The cyclical position is expressed as an average of absolute values of differences of the output gaps between euro-countries and Germany. This procedure is supplemented by correlation and comparative analysis and with the assessment of empirical findings. Two groups are identified according to similarities in cyclical positions. Similar economic performance was ascertained in Austria, Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Finland, the economies of which are thus labeled as an effective currency region in the sense of optimum currency area. The assessment of the future development in Eurozone is made taking into account the current political and economic circumstances and the outputs of empirical analyses.
Teaching Experience, Teachers’ Beliefs, and Self-Reported Classroom Management Practices: A Coherent Network
Authors: Berger Jean-Louis , Girardet Céline , Vaudroz Cynthia , Crahay Marcel
Published: January 2018

Classroom management is an important topic in teacher education, as it has a strong impact on students’ engagement. However, untangling the concepts influencing teachers’ classroom management practices is a question that needs further investigation. Using data from a survey of 154 vocational teachers participating in teacher education, this study examined associations between classroom management practices, teaching experience, and teachers’ beliefs (general pedagogical beliefs, beliefs about student motivation, and self-efficacy beliefs). Results highlighted associations between the different types of beliefs, and between teachers’ beliefs and practices. Teaching experience was positively related to self-efficacy and beliefs in constructivism but did not impact practices.
What Do You Mean, “What Does It All Mean?” Atheism, Nonreligion, and Life Meaning
Authors: Speed David , Coleman Thomas J. , Langston Joseph
Published: January 2018

Nonreligion is often thought to be commensurate with nihilism or fatalism, resulting in the perception that the nonreligious have no source of meaning in life. While views to this effect have been advanced in various arenas, no empirical evaluation of such a view has been conducted. Using data from the 2008 American General Social Survey ( N = ~1,200), we investigated whether atheists, the religiously unaffiliated, and persons raised religiously unaffiliated were more likely than theists, the religiously affiliated, and persons raised with a religious affiliation to report greater levels of fatalism, nihilism, and the perception that meaning in life is self-provided. Results suggested that these groups did not differ with regard to fatalism or nihilism. However, atheists and the religiously unaffiliated (but not persons raised in a religiously unaffiliated household) were more likely to indicate that meaning in life was endogenous—that is, self-produced. While atheists and the nonreligious differed from their counterparts on source of meaning in life, this was not associated with any “penalty” for overall existential meaning.
Structure and Agency: Changes in Personal Agency in the Life Domain of Young Women in Malta
Authors: Visanich Valerie
Published: January 2018

This article examines changes in the degree of personal agency in young women, with post–compulsory education, in the last 50 years in a Southern European reality. It explores strategies of negotiation and resistance to social and cultural conditions, such as restrictive legislation, in a relatively traditional context. The arguments brought forward are positioned broadly within a discourse of individualization—on how women are more than ever devising their lives on their own free-will. There are various structural and cultural changes that had direct impact on the changes in females’ personal agency. This article focuses on three of them—the influence of the church, restrictive legislation, and the expansion and extension of the educational system. The data drawn on for this article are taken from interviews conducted in Malta, with two generations of women who were in post–compulsory education in their youth, yet experienced their youth 50 years apart. The implications brought forward include a need for assessing how female agency operates in a relatively more traditional setting in a paradoxical manner. Their degree of female agency demonstrates complex strategies of accommodation and negotiation in line with socioeconomic and cultural conditions.
A Longitudinal Study of How Quality Mentorship and Research Experience Integrate Underrepresented Minorities into STEM Careers
Authors: Estrada Mica , Hernandez Paul R. , Schultz P. Wesley
Published: January 2018

African Americans, Latinos, and Native Americans are historically underrepresented minorities (URMs) among science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) degree earners. Viewed from a perspective of social influence, this pattern suggests that URMs do not integrate into the STEM academic community at the same rate as non-URM students. Estrada and colleagues recently showed that Kelman’s tripartite integration model of social influence (TIMSI) predicted URM persistence into science fields. In this paper, we longitudinally examine the integration of URMs into the STEM community by using growth-curve analyses to measure the development of TIMIS’s key variables (science efficacy, identity, and values) from junior year through the postbaccalaureate year. Results showed that quality mentorship and research experience occurring in the junior and senior years were positively related to student science efficacy, identity, and values at that same time period. Longitudinal modeling of TIMSI further shows that, while efficacy is important, and perhaps a necessary predictor of moving toward a STEM career, past experiences of efficacy may not be sufficient for maintaining longer-term persistence. In contrast, science identity and values do continue to be predictive of STEM career pathway persistence up to 4 years after graduation.
Enhancing Conceptual Knowledge of Energy in Biology with Incorrect Representations
Authors: Wernecke Ulrike , Schütte Kerstin , Schwanewedel Julia , Harms Ute
Published: January 2018

Energy is an important concept in all natural sciences, and a challenging one for school science education. Students’ conceptual knowledge of energy is often low, and they entertain misconceptions. Educational research in science and mathematics suggests that learning through depictive representations and learning from errors, based on the theory of negative knowledge, can potentially foster students’ knowledge of abstract concepts such as energy. Thus, we propose here an instructional approach that combines these two strategies to foster conceptual knowledge of energy. It involves inserting an error in a biological energy flow diagram, an error that we derived from two prevalent misconceptions about energy: 1) plants get some of their energy from the soil or 2) energy cycles in an ecosystem. The approach’s effect on students’ conceptual knowledge of energy was tested in an intervention study with pre–post design and 304 ninth grade students (M = 14.79 years). Students who successfully identified and explained the error achieved larger gains in conceptual knowledge than students learning with a correct diagram. Thus, the proposed instructional approach holds promise for improving energy teaching.
Durable Clinical Benefit With Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in DNA Mismatch Repair–Deficient/Microsatellite Instability–High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Overman Michael J. , Lonardi Sara , Wong Ka Yeung Mark , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Gelsomino Fabio , Aglietta Massimo , Morse Michael A. , Van Cutsem Eric , McDermott Ray , Hill Andrew , Sawyer Michael B. , Hendlisz Alain , Neyns Bart , Svrcek Magali , Moss Rebecca A. , Ledeine Jean-Marie , Cao Z. Alexander , Kamble Shital , Kopetz Scott , André Thierry
Published: January 2018

Purpose

Nivolumab provides clinical benefit (objective response rate [ORR], 31%; 95% CI, 20.8 to 42.9; disease control rate, 69%; 12-month overall survival [OS], 73%) in previously treated patients with DNA mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); nivolumab plus ipilimumab may improve these outcomes. Efficacy and safety results for the nivolumab plus ipilimumab cohort of CheckMate-142, the largest single-study report of an immunotherapy combination in dMMR/MSI-H mCRC, are reported.

Patients and Methods

Patients received nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg once every 3 weeks (four doses) followed by nivolumab 3 mg/kg once every 2 weeks. Primary end point was investigator-assessed ORR.

Results

Of 119 patients, 76% had received ≥ two prior systemic therapies. At median follow-up of 13.4 months, investigator-assessed ORR was 55% (95% CI, 45.2 to 63.8), and disease control rate for ≥ 12 weeks was 80%. Median duration of response was not reached; most responses (94%) were ongoing at data cutoff. Progression-free survival rates were 76% (9 months) and 71% (12 months); respective OS rates were 87% and 85%. Statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements were observed in patient-reported outcomes, including functioning, symptoms, and quality of life. Grade 3 to 4 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) occurred in 32% of patients and were manageable. Patients (13%) who discontinued treatment because of study drug-related AEs had an ORR (63%) consistent with that of the overall population.

Conclusion

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab demonstrated high response rates, encouraging progression-free survival and OS at 12 months, manageable safety, and meaningful improvements in key patient-reported outcomes. Indirect comparisons suggest combination therapy provides improved efficacy relative to anti–programmed death-1 monotherapy and has a favorable benefit-risk profile. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab provides a promising new treatment option for patients with dMMR/MSI-H mCRC.
The IgCAM CLMP regulates expression of Connexin43 and Connexin45 in intestinal and ureteral smooth muscle contraction in mice
Authors: Langhorst Hanna , Jüttner René , Groneberg Dieter , Mohtashamdolatshahi Azadeh , Pelz Laura , Purfürst Bettina , Schmidt-Ott Kai M. , Friebe Andreas , Rathjen Fritz G.
Published: January 2018

CAR-like membrane protein (CLMP), an immunoglobulin cell adhesion molecule (IgCAM), has been implicated in congenital short-bowel syndrome in humans, a condition with high mortality for which there is currently no cure. We therefore studied the function of CLMP in a Clmp-deficient mouse model. Although we found that the levels of mRNAs encoding Connexin43 or Connexin45 were not or were only marginally affected, respectively, by Clmp deficiency, the absence of CLMP caused a severe reduction of both proteins in smooth muscle cells of the intestine and of Connexin43 in the ureter. Analysis of calcium signaling revealed a disordered cell-cell communication between smooth muscle cells, which in turn induced an impaired and uncoordinated motility of the intestine and the ureter. Consequently, insufficient transport of chyme and urine caused a fatal delay to thrive, a high rate of mortality, and provoked a severe hydronephrosis in CLMP knockouts. Neurotransmission and the capability of smooth muscle cells to contract in ring preparations of the intestine were not altered. Physical obstructions were not detectable and an overall normal histology in the intestine as well as in the ureter was observed, except for a slight hypertrophy of smooth muscle layers. Deletion of Clmp did not lead to a reduced length of the intestine as shown for the human CLMP gene but resulted in gut malrotations. In sum, the absence of CLMP caused functional obstructions in the intestinal tract and ureter by impaired peristaltic contractions most likely due to a lack of gap-junctional communication between smooth muscle cells.
α5β1 integrin trafficking and Rac activation are regulated by APPL1 in a Rab5-dependent manner to inhibit cell migration
Authors: Diggins Nicole L. , Kang Hakmook , Weaver Alissa , Webb Donna J.
Published: January 2018

Cell migration is a tightly coordinated process that requires the spatiotemporal regulation of many molecular components. Because adaptor proteins can serve as integrators of cellular events, they are being increasingly studied as regulators of cell migration. The adaptor protein containing a pleckstrin-homology (PH) domain, phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain, and leucine zipper motif 1 (APPL1) is a 709 amino acid endosomal protein that plays a role in cell proliferation and survival as well as endosomal trafficking and signaling. However, its function in regulating cell migration is poorly understood. Here, we show that APPL1 hinders cell migration by modulating both trafficking and signaling events controlled by Rab5 in cancer cells. APPL1 decreases internalization and increases recycling of α5β1 integrin, leading to higher levels of α5β1 integrin at the cell surface that hinder adhesion dynamics. Furthermore, APPL1 decreases the activity of the GTPase Rac and its effector PAK, which in turn regulate cell migration. Thus, we demonstrate a novel role for the interaction between APPL1 and Rab5 in governing crosstalk between signaling and trafficking pathways on endosomes to affect cancer cell migration.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Dileucine-like motifs in the C-terminal tail of connexin32 control its endocytosis and assembly into gap junctions
Authors: Ray Anuttoma , Katoch Parul , Jain Nimansha , Mehta Parmender P.
Published: January 2018

Defects in assembly of gap junction-forming proteins, called connexins (Cxs), are observed in a variety of cancers. Connexin32 (Cx32; also known as GJB1) is expressed by the polarized cells in epithelia. We discovered two dileucine-based motifs, which govern the intracellular sorting and endocytosis of transmembrane proteins, in the C-terminal tail of Cx32 and explored their role in regulating its endocytosis and gap junction-forming abilities in pancreatic and prostate cancer cells. One motif, designated as LI, was located near the juxtamembrane domain, whereas the other, designated as LL, was located distally. We also discovered a non-canonical motif, designated as LR, in the C-terminal tail. Our results showed that rendering these motifs non-functional had no effect on the intracellular sorting of Cx32. However, rendering the LL or LR motif nonfunctional enhanced the formation of gap junctions by inhibiting Cx32 endocytosis by the clathrin-mediated pathway. Rendering the LI motif nonfunctional inhibited gap junction formation by augmenting the endocytosis of Cx32 via the LL and LR motifs. Our studies have defined distinct roles of these motifs in regulating the endocytosis of Cx32 and its gap junction-forming ability.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Epithelial and stromal circadian clocks are inversely regulated by their mechano-matrix environment
Authors: Williams Jack , Yang Nan , Wood Amber , Zindy Egor , Meng Qing-Jun , Streuli Charles H.
Published: January 2018

The circadian clock is an autonomous molecular feedback loop inside almost every cell in the body. We have shown that the mammary epithelial circadian clock is regulated by the cellular microenvironment. Moreover, a stiff extracellular matrix dampens the oscillations of the epithelial molecular clock. Here, we extend this analysis to other tissues and cell types, and identify an inverse relationship between circadian clocks in epithelia and fibroblasts. Epithelial cells from mammary gland, lung and skin have significantly stronger oscillations of clock genes in soft 3D microenvironments, compared to stiff 2D environments. Fibroblasts isolated from the same tissues show the opposite response, exhibiting stronger oscillations and more prolonged rhythmicity in stiff microenvironments. RNA analysis identified that a subset of mammary epithelial clock genes, and their regulators, are upregulated in 3D microenvironments in soft compared to stiff gels. Furthermore, the same genes are inversely regulated in fibroblasts isolated from the same tissues. Thus, our data reveal for the first time an intrinsic difference in the regulation of circadian genes in epithelia and fibroblasts.
Septins are involved at the early stages of macroautophagy in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Barve Gaurav , Sridhar Shreyas , Aher Amol , Sahani Mayurbhai H. , Chinchwadkar Sarika , Singh Sunaina , K. N. Lakshmeesha , McMurray Michael A. , Manjithaya Ravi
Published: January 2018

Autophagy is a conserved cellular degradation pathway wherein double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes capture long-lived proteins, and damaged or superfluous organelles, and deliver them to the lysosome for degradation. Septins are conserved GTP-binding proteins involved in many cellular processes, including phagocytosis and the autophagy of intracellular bacteria, but no role in general autophagy was known. In budding yeast, septins polymerize into ring-shaped arrays of filaments required for cytokinesis. In an unbiased genetic screen and in subsequent targeted analysis, we found autophagy defects in septin mutants. Upon autophagy induction, pre-assembled septin complexes relocalized to the pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) where they formed non-canonical septin rings at PAS. Septins also colocalized with autophagosomes, where they physically interacted with the autophagy proteins Atg8 and Atg9. When autophagosome degradation was blocked in septin-mutant cells, fewer autophagic structures accumulated, and an autophagy mutant defective in early stages of autophagosome biogenesis (atg1Δ), displayed decreased septin localization to the PAS. Our findings support a role for septins in the early stages of budding yeast autophagy, during autophagosome formation.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Unconventional myosin VIIA promotes melanoma progression
Authors: Liu Yuqing , Wei Xiaofan , Guan Lizhao , Xu Sidi , Yuan Yang , Lv Danyu , He Xiaokun , Zhan Jun , Kong Yan , Guo Jun , Zhang Hongquan
Published: January 2018

Unconventional myosin VIIA (Myo7a) is an actin-based motor molecule that normally functions in the cochlear hair cells of the inner ear. Mutations of MYO7A/Myo7a have been implicated in inherited deafness in both humans and mice. However, there is limited information about the functions of Myo7a outside of the specialized cells of the ears. Herein, we report a previously unidentified function of Myo7a by demonstrating that it plays an important role in melanoma progression. We found that silencing Myo7a by means of RNAi inhibited melanoma cell growth through upregulation of cell cycle regulator p21 (also known as CDKN1A) and suppressed melanoma cell migration and invasion through downregulation of RhoGDI2 (also known as ARHGDIB) and MMP9. Furthermore, Myo7a depletion suppressed melanoma cell metastases to the lung, kidney and bone in mice. In contrast, overexpression of Myo7a promoted melanoma xenograft growth and lung metastasis. Importantly, Myo7a levels are remarkably elevated in human melanoma patients. Collectively, we demonstrated for the first time that Myo7a is able to function in non-specialized cells, a finding that reveals the complicated disease-related roles of Myo7a, especially in melanomas.
Mechano-sensitization of mammalian neuronal networks through expression of the bacterial large-conductance mechanosensitive ion channel
Authors: Soloperto Alessandro , Boccaccio Anna , Contestabile Andrea , Moroni Monica , Hallinan Grace I. , Palazzolo Gemma , Chad John , Deinhardt Katrin , Carugo Dario , Difato Francesco
Published: January 2018

Development of remote stimulation techniques for neuronal tissues represents a challenging goal. Among the potential methods, mechanical stimuli are the most promising vectors to convey information non-invasively into intact brain tissue. In this context, selective mechano-sensitization of neuronal circuits would pave the way to develop a new cell-type-specific stimulation approach. We report here, for the first time, the development and characterization of mechano-sensitized neuronal networks through the heterologous expression of an engineered bacterial large-conductance mechanosensitive ion channel (MscL). The neuronal functional expression of the MscL was validated through patch-clamp recordings upon application of calibrated suction pressures. Moreover, we verified the effective development of in-vitro neuronal networks expressing the engineered MscL in terms of cell survival, number of synaptic puncta and spontaneous network activity. The pure mechanosensitivity of the engineered MscL, with its wide genetic modification library, may represent a versatile tool to further develop a mechano-genetic approach.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Axonal endoplasmic reticulum is very narrow
Authors: Terasaki Mark
Published: January 2018

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an interconnected network of tubules and sheets. In most tissues of the body, ER tubules have a diameter of ∼60 nm. Using new methods for serial-section electron microscopy, a distinct class of very narrow, 20- to 30-nm-diameter tubules were found in neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous system. The narrow tubules appear to be the most abundant form of ER in axons, and are also found interspersed in the cell bodies and dendrites. At the site of branch points, there is a small sheet that has a similarly narrow lumen. The narrowness of the ER is likely to be important for the as yet poorly characterized functions of the axonal ER.
Multimodal sensorimotor system in unicellular zoospores of a fungus
Authors: Swafford Andrew J. M. , Oakley Todd H.
Published: January 2018

Complex sensory systems often underlie critical behaviors, including avoiding predators and locating prey, mates, and shelter. Multisensory systems that control motor behavior even appear in unicellular eukaryotes, such as Chlamydomonas, which are important laboratory models for sensory biology. However, we know of no unicellular opisthokonts that control motor behavior using a multimodal sensory system. Therefore, existing single-celled models for multimodal sensorimotor integration are very distantly related to animals. Here, we describe a multisensory system that controls the motor function of unicellular fungal zoospores. We find that zoospores of Allomyces arbusculus exhibit both phototaxis and chemotaxis. Furthermore, we report that closely related Allomyces species respond to either only the chemical or light stimuli presented in this study, and likely do not share this multisensory system. This diversity of sensory systems within Allomyces provides a rare example of a comparative framework that can be used to examine the evolution of sensory systems following gain/loss of available sensory modalities. The tractability of Allomyces and related fungi as laboratory organisms will facilitate detailed mechanistic investigations into the genetic underpinnings of novel photosensory systems, and how multisensory systems may have functioned in early opisthokonts before multicellularity allowed for the evolution of specialized cell types.
The biomechanics of tree frogs climbing curved surfaces: a gripping problem
Authors: Hill Iain D. C. , Dong Benzheng , Barnes W. Jon. P. , Ji Aihong , Endlein Thomas
Published: January 2018

The adhesive mechanisms of climbing animals have become an important research topic because of their biomimetic implications. We examined the climbing abilities of hylid tree frogs on vertical cylinders of differing diameter and surface roughness to investigate the relative roles of adduction forces (gripping) and adhesion. Tree frogs adhere using their toe pads and subarticular tubercles, the adhesive joint being fluid-filled. Our hypothesis was that, on an effectively flat surface (adduction forces on the largest 120 mm diameter cylinder were insufficient to allow climbing), adhesion would effectively be the only means by which tree frogs could climb, but on the two smaller diameter cylinders (44 mm and 13 mm), frogs could additionally utilise adduction forces by gripping the cylinder either with their limbs outstretched or by grasping around the cylinder with their digits, respectively. The frogs’ performance would also depend on whether the surfaces were smooth (easy to adhere to) or rough (relatively non-adhesive). Our findings showed that climbing performance was highest on the narrowest smooth cylinder. Frogs climbed faster, frequently using a ‘walking trot’ gait rather than the ‘lateral sequence walk’ used on other cylinders. Using an optical technique to visualize substrate contact during climbing on smooth surfaces, we also observed an increasing engagement of the subarticular tubercles on the narrower cylinders. Finally, on the rough substrate, frogs were unable to climb the largest diameter cylinder, but were able to climb the narrowest one slowly. These results support our hypotheses and have relevance for the design of climbing robots.
Odor source localization in complex visual environments by fruit flies
Authors: Saxena Nitesh , Natesan Dinesh , Sane Sanjay P.
Published: January 2018

Flying insects routinely forage in complex and cluttered sensory environments. Their search for a food or a pheromone source typically begins with a whiff of odor, which triggers a flight response, eventually bringing the insect near the odor source. However, pinpointing the precise location of an odor source requires use of both visual and olfactory modalities, aided by odor plumes. Here, we investigated odor-tracking behavior in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) presented with low- or high-contrast visual landmarks, either paired with or separate from an attractive odor cue. These experiments were conducted either in a gentle air stream which generated laminar odor plumes, or in still air in which odor dissipates uniformly in all directions. Trajectories of flies revealed several novel features of their odor-tracking behavior in addition to those previously documented. First, in both moving and still air, odor-seeking flies rely on co-occurrence of visual landmarks with olfactory cues to guide them to odorant objects. Second, flies abruptly decelerate upon encountering an odor plume, thereafter steering towards nearest visual objects that had no inherent salience in the absence of odor. Thus, interception of an attractive odor increases their salience to nearby high-contrast visual landmarks. Third, flies adopt distinct odor tracking strategies during flight in moving vs. still air. Whereas they weave in and out of plumes towards an odor source in airflow, their approach is more incremental in still air. Both strategies are robust and flexible, and enable flies to reliably find odor sources under diverse visual and airflow environments.
Experiências da Imigração Judaica pelos Contos de Samuel Rawet: uma perspectiva histórica
Authors: Gomes Ana Paula Mendonça
Published: January 2018

O presente trabalho trata sobre dois contos escritos por Samuel Rawet, publicados originalmente na coletânea Contos do Imigrante em 1956. Polonês naturalizado brasileiro e de descendência judaica, o mesmo é considerado um dos primeiros literatos a dar profundidade ao tema da presença judaica em território brasileiro (Cf. GINSBURG, 1957). Objetivamos aqui tecer uma discussão que contempla o tema comunidade judaica em condição diaspórica por meio da literatura, considerando esta como um documento e ancorados na perspectiva da história social. Nossa análise será realizada abordando os seguintes eixos: as questões da marginalidade/exclusão, (in)adaptação e/ou assimilação, memória, condições materiais e culturais de vivência no novo território e identidade.
Water buffalo production in Turkey part 1: global trend and geographical distribution
Authors: Khan Ashfaq Ahmad , Coskun Mücahit
Published: January 2018

Buffalo is considered as a triple purpose animal that provides milk, meat and draught power to mankind. The ideal environmental conditions for buffalo are floodplains with plenty of grasses and water supply. However, buffalo are also raised in many different climatic conditions, other that of their origin, in various parts of the world with the help of facilities such as barns and sheds. The world buffalo population has shown a growing trend in recent decades. The aim of the present research is to review and analyse the current status and future prospects of water buffalo domestication in Turkey in a geographical context. Water buffalo were used in Turkey as a draught animal along with production of meat, milk and related dairy products for a long time. However, buffalo domestication has been neglected in Turkey for several decades and no effort has been made to revive this sector. Therefore, a declining trend in the buffalo population has been observed since the 1980s for several reaseons including increased mechanisation, changes in livestock preferences, intensification of agriculture and livestock, and changes in consumer behaviour. Geographical distribution of the animal reveals a high concentration in Eastern Black Sea and Marmara regions of Turkey.
Primary productivity analysis of phytoplankton and community structure of macrobenthos based on mangrove density in the conservation area of Tarakan City, East Kalimantan
Authors: TAQWA AMRULLAH , SUPRIHARYONO SUPRIHARYONO , RUSWAHYUNI RUSWAHYUNI
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Taqwa A, Supriharyono, Ruswahyuni. 2013. Primary productivity analysis of phytoplankton and community structure of macrobenthos based on mangrove density in the conservation area of Tarakan City, East Kalimantan. Bonorowo Wetlands 3: 30-40. The studies of primary phytoplankton productivity and macrobenthic fauna community structure in different densities of mangrove were carried out from May to June 2009 in the mangrove conservation area in Tarakan East-Kalimantan, Indonesia. Content of chlorophyll-a converted to phytoplankton primary productivity, estimated with Strickland formula. Diversity of macrozoobenthos calculated with Shannon’s Index. Phytoplankton primary productivity in high, middle, and low mangrove density ranges between 50.13±5.53 mgC/m3/d; 45.32±6.48 mgC/m3/d, and 41.48±6.48 mgC/m3/d, respectively. Shannon’s low, middle, and high mangrove density index values are 2.24-2.61, 1.33-2.51, and 1.35-2.51, respectively. This study showed a strong correlation between the diversity of macrozoobenthos and the density of mangroves.
The relationship between shrimp production and mangrove condition in Cimanuk Delta, Indramayu, West Java
Authors: MAULIDAR RIZHAM , SAMOSIR AGUSTINUS M.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Maulidar R, Samosir AM. 2016. The relationship between shrimp production and mangrove condition in Cimanuk Delta, Indramayu, West Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 6: 59-68. The aim of this research was to evaluate the relationship of shrimp resources condition with mangrove ecosystems in Cimanuk Delta, Indramayu. Prediction of shrimp productivity was analyzed at the community and population level, then linked to the condition of mangrove vegetation and water quality. The results of the analysis showed that the community and population productivity of the shrimp were positively related to the density of mangroves. Overall, the secondary productivity of the community, population, and density of mangroves in the Pabean Ilir village were higher than Pagirikan village. The results of the analysis of shrimp productivity as a commodity in Pabean Ilir village was 323,360 gm-2yrs-1, while in the Pagirikan village was 185,766 gm-2yrs-1. Secondary productivity of the dominant species Penaeus merguiensis and Metapenaeus monoceros was 147,350 and 66,677 gm-2yrs-1 while in Pagirikan village was 87,633 and 47,536 gm-2yrs-1.
Mangrove ecotourism development at Bilik and Sijile Beach, Labuhan Merak, Baluran National Park, East Java
Authors: PANGASTUTI WIDYA MAHARANI , ARIEF HARNIOS , SUNARMINTO TUTUT
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Pangastuti WM, Arief H, Sunarminto T. 2016. Mangrove ecotourism development at Bilik and Sijile Beach, Labuhan Merak. Baluran National Park, East Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 6: 92-102. Mangrove ecosystem in Bilik and Sejile Beach Baluran National Park, East Java were potential to be mangrove ecotourism. The aim of this research was to give alternative strategies of mangrove ecotourism development in Labuhan Merak Resort, Baluran National Park based on demand and supply aspects of ecotourism. Data were collected by interview, questionnaires, observation, and literature study with ecosystem mangrove resources and local people of Sumberwaru village as the object of research. Development of mangrove ecotourism in Bilik and Sejile Beach can be done by making the detail of ecotourism concept synchronize with the tourist interest and also with the local people’s participation, improving the facilities and infrastructure, improving the quality and quantity of the human resources, improving the cleanliness and safety of Bilik and Sejile Beach, optimizing the promotion and make interpretation for the tourist.
Guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata Peters) population structure in Gajah Putih River, Surakarta, Central Java
Authors: PANJAITAN YOSA KALAM , SUCAHYO SUCAHYO , RONDONUWU FERDY SEMUEL
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Panjaitan YK, Sucahyo, Rondonuwu FS. 2016. Guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata Peters) population structure in Gajah Putih River, Surakarta, Central Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 6: 103-109. The study of fish population structure is one strategy to know the condition of fish population and water pollution level in a waters area. Guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata Peters) can live in various conditions of water quality, especially in rivers. The Gajah Putih River flowing through Surakarta, Central Java is the habitat of guppy fish. The number of residential and factory activities that dump waste into the Gajah Putih River, causing a decrease in river water quality. Research on the population structure of Guppy fish in Gajah Putih river, Surakarta City was conducted between September and December 2014. Sampling was done purposively where the Guppy fish was found. There are 10 locations along the Gajah Putih River for sampling, each separated 300m away. At each location, a random sample of 30 fish was collected, then sorted by age and sex. There are also measurements of energy reserves in fish samples, as well as physical and chemical factors of water. Based on temperature, DO, pH TS, and COD, the environmental conditions of the Gajah Putih River waters can still be tolerated by Guppy fish. The difference of environmental parameters between stations is relatively small, so it does not affect the difference in population structure of Guppy fish between stations.
Renal pseudoaneurysm: a rare and potentially fatal complication following ureteroscopy and laser fragmentation of stones
Authors: Jubber I , Patel PR , Hori S , Al-Hayek S
Published: January 2018

Ureteroscopy and laser fragmentation of stones is a commonly used method to treat ureteric and renal calculi. We report the exceedingly rare finding of a renal pseudoaneurysm in an interpolar renal artery following ureteroscopy and laser stone fragmentation, which was successfully managed with angioembolisation.
Thermal aromatic Claisen rearrangement and Strecker reaction of alkyl(allyl)-aryl ethers under green reaction conditions: Efficient and clean preparation of ortho-allyl phenols (naphthols) and alkyl(allyl)oxyarene-based γ-amino nitriles
Authors: Silgado-Gómez Kheila N. , Kouznetsov Vladimir V.
Published: January 2018

Chemical transformations of 13 diverse allyl(alkyl)-aryl ethers, easily prepared using Williamson reaction of different hydroxyarenes and allyl bromide and alkyl (n-butyl, n-octyl) bromides, were studied. Thermal aromatic Claisen rearrangement of allyl-aryl ethers to obtain ortho-allyl phenols (naphthols) employing propylene carbonate as a nontoxic and biodegradable solvent was described for the first time. The use of this green solvent allowed to enhance notably product yields and reduce significantly the reaction time comparing with the use of 1,2-dichlorobenzene, toxic solvent, which is traditionally employed in this type of Claisen rearrangement. Three-component Strecker reaction of selected alkyl(allyl)-aryl ethers with formyl function on aryl fragment, piperidine and potassium cyanide in the presence of sulfuric acid supported on silica gel (SSA, SiO2-O-SO3H) under mild reaction conditions was used in the preparation of new γ-amino nitriles, analogues of alkaloid girgensohnine [2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(piperidin-1-yl)acetonitrile], a perspective biological model in the search for new insecticidal agrochemicals against Aedes aegypti. The use of SSA, an inexpensive and reusable solid catalyst, allowed to obtain new series of 2-[4-alkyl(allyl)oxyphenyl]-2-(piperidin-1-yl)acetonitriles in short time at room temperature with good yields.
Evaluation of Toxic and Essential Metals in Some Selected Chewing Food Products and their Daily Intake by the Population of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Bhutto Shahid , Jalbani Nusrat , Shareef Akhtar , Tahir Muhammad , Begum Razia , Ahmed Farooq , Ahmed Suhail
Published: January 2018

The present study focused on different brands of chewing food products which containing some toxic metals (TMs) and essential metals and these samples were analyzed to determine the levels of some toxic metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr and Mn) and essential metals (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na and Zn). The samples of gutka (100), sweet supari (63), sweet paan (16) and paan masala (21) were randomly collected from different shops of Karachi, Pakistan. The validity of conventional wet acid digestion method (CAD) was assessed by analyzing two certified reference materials (CRM) Virgina tobacco leaf (CTA-VTL-2) and Bovine liver (1577b) and standard addition recovery test. The limit of detections (LODs, n=10) of the method were found to be 0.144, 14.4, 8.89, 2.76, 4.06, 15.3 and 2.99, 22.9, 9.97, 4.54, 1.89, 1.76 µg L -1 for Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Zn, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni and Pb, respectively. The CAD method was successfully applied to real samples for the determination of toxic and essential metals.
Application of Commercial Adsorbent for Rare earth elements - Uranium Mutual Separation and Purification
Authors: Orabi Ahmed Hussien , Rabia Kamal , Elshereafy Elsayed , Salem Amany
Published: January 2018

The treatment of rare earths sulfate liquor contaminated with traces of uranium as radioactive contaminates utilizing lewatit mono plus M500 was studied. Adsorption behavior was studied by batch experiments to determine the optimum conditions for uranium removal. The obtained equilibrium data were found to be satisfactory fitted with Langmuir isotherm and the second order rate equation. Also, elution process was achieved by 2M NaCl/1M HCl solution and the reuse of sorbent remains appreciable. A marketable pure product of rare earth oxide was prepared in addition to pure sodium diuranate containing total uranium content of the starting REEs cake.
Electrocatalytic properties of hydroxyapatite thin films electrodeposited on stainless steel substrates
Authors: Chennah Ahmed , Naciri Yassine , Ait Ahsaine Hassan , Taoufyq Aziz , Bakiz Bahcine , Bazzi Lahcen , Guinneton Frédéric , Gavarri Jean-Raymond , Benlhachemi Abdeljalil
Published: January 2018

In this work, we have investigated the structural, microstructural, and electrocatalytic properties of hydroxyapatite (HAp) thin films. The HAp films were electrodeposited on stainless-steel (SS) substrates by chronopotentiometry mode from an electrolytic solution. The HAp films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). The electrodeposition and electrochemical processes of the hydroxyapatite (HAp) phase were studied by cyclic voltammetry. This HAp/SS system acting as an anode was used for the first time to electrodegrade Rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous solutions. To follow the degradation kinetics, we used UV-visible spectroscopy. Several parameters such as the current density and the initial concentration of electrolytic solution were determined to optimize the electrodegradation of RhB. The decrease of RhB concentration followed pseudo-first order kinetics law. The rate of RhB degradation in presence of HAp/SS electrode can reach interesting high performance, depending on the electrocatalysis experimental conditions.
The battle of giants: the collision of EU and Russian foreign policies towards the contested neighbourhood and the Ukrainian crisis
Authors: Amaro Dias Vanda
Published: January 2018

This paper critically interprets the international dimension of the Ukrainian crisis to reflect upon dynamics of power and security in the broader European space. It argues this crisis to be simultaneously the result and the intensifier of the collision of antagonist and mutually exclusive foreign policies towards the contested neighbourhood by the EU and Russia. For that purpose, it provides an overview of EU and Russian policies towards this region, followed by the discussion of the Ukrainian crisis in the midst of what can be considered to be a battle of giants for regional power and security.
PENANAMAN NILAI–NILAI KARAKTER MELALUI EKSTRAKURIKULER HADROH DI MI MA’ARIF GIRILOYO 1 IMOGIRI BANTUL
Authors: Santosa Sedya
Published: January 2018

In Hadroh art, there are so many values that are connected with education aspects like divinity (tauhid), worship, and characteristic. Characteristic values in school can be planted with integrated way in subject, and through extracurricular. At MI Ma’arif Girilyo 1 Imogiri Bantul, Hadroh extracuricullar is one of the subject that becomes one of vessel in Madrasah’s way to plant characterisctic values to students.According to the background above that problem’s formulation in this research is (1) how the Hadroh’s extracuricurral activity process in MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 1Imogiri Bantul, (2) any characteristic values that could be formed through Hadroh extracuricullar activity.This is a qualitative research, kind of field research that takes the place in MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 1 Imogiri Bantul. This research’s subject is Hadroh’s extracuricullarteacher and the students that followed the activity. The supporting informant are the Madrasah’s headmaster and its homeroom teacher. Data accumulation metode that was used are observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis technique that was used including data reduction, data presentation, and verification.This research’s result indicates that Hadroh extraculicullar in MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 1 Imogiri Bantul which is followed by 12 male students IV and V where the event’s sequences in every practice are opening, vocal material giving and tabuhan, sholawat reading (song making), and closing. Characteristic values that improved in Hadroh extracullicular are religious, dicipline, hard work, independence, curiosity, patriotism (nationalism), recognize excellence, and responsibility.

Keywords: Cultivation, Extracurricular, Hadroh, Values Character
Mediatisasi Aksi Massa Islam 2 Desember 2016
Authors: Budiasa Meistra
Published: January 2018

Abstract. action Islamic Bela December 2, 2016 was the largest mass action after May 1998. The protesters demanded that Jakarta Governor Basuki Tjahja Purnama (Ahok) convicted and imprisoned because they have insulted the holy verses of the Koran. In this action the mass of worshipers for Friday prayers along the main streets of Jakarta and is centered at the National Monument (Monas). The events of mass action and the Ahok issues like reviving the use of ethnic and religious issues during the New Order is used by the government to maintain power. Islam used to exclude groups considered left and assimilation of Chinese culture performed for suspected links to the event 65. This paper to see how mediatisasi using the politics of fear and how the construction of a mass media reported the action of December 2, 2016.
Menertawakan Fobia Komunis di Era Reproduksi Digital
Authors: Lukmantoro Triyono
Published: January 2018

Abstract. In May-June 2016 issue of the rise of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) and the latent danger of communism appeared again. Excessive fear of PKI and communism continues propagated. That is what is referred to as a communist phobia. But, the issue is considered sensitive that it gave birth to criticism. The phenomenon is the presence of a number of memes comics whose contents laugh hammer and sickle symbol and three communist iconic figures, namely D.N. Aidit, Tan Malaka, and Mao Zedong. Meme comics containing parody to show incongruities that can only happen to the era of digital reproduction. The idea of meme comics can be traced to the thought Walter Benjamin about the works of art in the age of mechanical reproduction. In that era, aura was declining. The crisis and the disappearance of aura increasingly occurs to the time of digital reproduction.