bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of bamboo particle blending system on the properties of its composites
Authors: Zhao Wenjuan , Zhang Wenfu , Zhang Jian , Yuan Shaofei , Chen Hong
Published: April 2023

Bamboo scrimber and carbonized bamboo scrimber are new green and sustainable materials that have recently gained widespread attention and application in construction and other fields. However, their production is accompanied by the generation of a large number of residues, such as bamboo particles (BPs) and carbonized bamboo particles (CBPs). In this study, we used BPs and CBPs as reinforcing phases and phenol‐formaldehyde (PF) resin, which is mainly used to manufacture bamboo scrimber, as the matrix to prepare bamboo particle composites (BPCs). The physical, flexural, and thermal properties of the composites were characterized, and the activation energies were analyzed and compared using Kissinger and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) methods. The results showed that the blending system composed of two types of bamboo processing residues demonstrated significant composite performance enhancement. The BPC performance met the standard requirements for furniture particleboard, and the potential exists to further improve its thermal properties. This study fills the current gap in the kinetic analysis of BPCs and contributes to the further understanding and application of this material, thus facilitating the industrial use of bamboo processing residues and bamboo scrimber for sustainable development and economic benefits.
Thermomechanical behavior of three dimensionally printed fabric structures
Authors: Jayswal Ajay , Mailen Russell W. , Liu Jia (Peter) , Harris Gregory , Siwakoti Midhan , Adanur Sabit
Published: April 2023

Additive manufacturing of fabrics is an emerging research topic with potential applications in several industries including high performance wearable products and high‐temperature textiles. Therefore, thermal, mechanical, and viscoelastic properties of such fabrics need to be determined. In this research, the thermomechanical behavior of additively manufactured plain weave fabrics at and above glass transition temperature ( is studied. The time‐dependent mechanical response using a viscoelastic material model is represented by a Prony series as a function of frequency (f). Unit cells of plain weave fabrics are additively manufactured using poly(lactic) acid (PLA). Tensile and compression tests were performed on unit cells in a thermal environment using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). A multiphysics finite element model is implemented to duplicate the experimental setup. The experimental results are compared with that of computational results. The relative error percentages in the peak forces at each temperature are 23.60% at 60°C, −8.85% at 65°C, and −6.25% at 70°C. A better agreement in peak forces is seen for unit cells above Tg. The computational model developed for unit cells is used to predict the thermomechanical‐viscoelastic response of large additively manufactured fabric structures which is difficult to evaluate experimentally.
Exergaming in the treatment of gait, balance, and quality of life in Parkinson's disease: Overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Rocha Poliany Silva , de Sousa Bianca Brenda Leite , D’Amelio Marco , Pompeu José Eduardo , Garcia Patrícia Azevedo , Leal Josevan Cerqueira , Dos Santos Mendes Felipe Augusto
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Postural instability and gait impairments are common in people with PD, both of which have a negative effect on their quality of life. Systematic reviews have demonstrated benefits of using exergaming in enhancing these outcomes. However, there is no consensus over whether exergaming therapy is better than conventional physical therapy for enhancing gait, balance, and quality of life. Objectives: The aim of this overview is to systematically synthesize and evaluate the available evidence found in published systematic reviews and meta‐analyses, on the effects of exergaming therapy on balance, gait, and quality of life, compared to conventional physical therapy or no intervention.

Methods

This overview was reported in accordance with the statement of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis (PRISMA). A comprehensive search was carried out in nine databases. Two reviewers independently extracted data using a standardized forms and the search strategy included terms related to intervention, population, and study type. The methodological quality of the included systematic reviews/meta‐analysis (SRs/Mas) was evaluated using the “A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2” (AMSTAR‐2). The “Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation” (GRADE) was used to assess the quality of the evidence. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the “Risk Of Bias In Systematic Reviews” (ROBIS). PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021238131.

Results

112 SRs/MAs were found and nine of them were selected. Six reviews were rated as very low methodological quality and three reviews as low methodological quality. Five reviews were classified with low risk of bias and four reviews with high risk of bias. Most of the SR/MAs demonstrated significant effects on balance favoring exergaming therapy over conventional therapy, however those studies had been rated as very low quality of evidence. Inconclusive results were found for the quality of life and gait outcomes.

Conclusion

Exergaming therapy shows promise for the rehabilitation of PD. However, this overview was unable to conclude with certainty that exergaming therapy is superior to conventional physical therapy in improving gait, balance, or quality of life in people with PD. The effectiveness of exergaming therapy in the treatment of people with PD still need to be verified by high‐quality studies.
Over One Million DNA and Protein Events Through Ultra‐Stable Chemically‐Tuned Solid‐State Nanopores
Authors: Saharia Jugal , Bandara Yapa Mudiyanselage Nuwan Dhananjaya Yapa , Karawdeniya Buddini Iroshika , Dwyer Jason Rodger , Kim Min Jun
Published: April 2023

Stability, long lifetime, resilience against clogging, low noise, and low cost are five critical cornerstones of solid‐state nanopore technology. Here, a fabrication protocol is described wherein >1 million events are obtained from a single solid‐state nanopore with both DNA and protein at the highest available lowpass filter (LPF, 100 kHz) of the Axopatch 200B–the highest event count mentioned in literature. Moreover, a total of ≈8.1 million events are reported in this work encompassing the two analyte classes. With the 100 kHz LPF, the temporally attenuated population is negligible while with the more ubiquitous 10 kHz, ≈91% of the events are attenuated. With DNA experiments, the pores are operational for hours (typically >7 h) while the average pore growth is merely ≈0.16 ± 0.1 nm h−1. The current noise is exceptionally stable with traces typically showing <10 pA h−1 increase in noise. Furthermore, a real‐time method to clean and revive pores clogged with analyte with the added benefit of minimal pore growth during cleaning (< 5% of the original diameter) is showcased. The enormity of the data collected herein presents a significant advancement to solid‐state pore performance and will be useful for future ventures such as machine learning where large amounts of pristine data are a prerequisite.
Frankfurt Airport: Die Stahl‐Glaskonstruktion der Check‐in‐Halle des neuen Terminals 3
Authors: Sorli Stefan , Sieber Friedrich
Published: April 2023

Im südlichen Bereich vom Flughafen Frankfurt entsteht mit dem Neubau von Terminal 3 eines der größten Infrastrukturprojekte Europas. Nach seiner Fertigstellung können bis zu 19 Mio. Reisende von drei neuen Flugsteigen an Deutschlands größtem Flughafen an‐ und abreisen, durch den Marktplatz schlendern oder in den zahlreichen Lounges entspannen. Da zum Montagezeitpunkt der Check‐in‐Halle der umliegende Rohbau so weit fortgeschritten war, dass die Zugänglichkeit und somit eine Montage mit Schwerlastkranen nicht mehr möglich war, gab es nur mehr eine Lösung zur Realisierung des Dachtragwerks: Die Dachfläche mit gesamt 26.000 m2 wurde in fünf einzelne Segmente aufgeteilt, auf einer Plattform in 28 m Höhe zusammengebaut und von einer Seite aus nacheinander über die Halle mit einer Länge von 200 m gezogen. Wie bringt man ein 2,5 Fußballfelder großes Dachelement auf bzw. über das Terminalhauptgebäude? Dieser bauliche Anspruch stellte alle Beteiligten vor große Herausforderungen. Die Montagehilfskonstruktion musste auf die bereits errichteten vier Geschosse des Massivbaus abgestimmt werden, sodass diese nicht überlastet und beschädigt würden. Auch durften in den Untergeschossen keine zusätzlichen, störenden Unterstellungen gebaut werden, da hier bereits Ausbauarbeiten vorgesehen waren. Wie berechnet man eine Verschubkonstruktion dieser Dimension, welche Eventualitäten müssen berücksichtigt werden und wie lässt sich eine Dachfläche mit 4500 m2 und 1550 t verschieben bzw. verziehen? Schwerpunkte der Tragwerksplanung und der Montage werden in diesem Beitrag beschrieben.
A structural model of student experiences in a career‐forward chemistry laboratory curriculum
Authors: Payne Corey , Crippen Kent J.
Published: April 2023

Persistence is a major issue facing students, particularly those who are both female and from underrepresented ethnic minorities (URM). A closer look at the variables affecting their commitment and capacity for continuing the pursuit of their goal allows us to better design support systems that bolster persistence. This study tests a structural equation model (SEM) for students using a career‐forward laboratory chemistry curriculum based upon the Mediation Model of Research Experience (MMRE) that explains the relationships among self‐efficacy, identity as an engineer, and commitment to an engineering career. Data were collected from 426 undergraduate engineering majors at the end of the semester using a previously constructed survey for three semesters of general chemistry laboratory for engineering majors. The research question was addressed using bivariate correlations and a series of SEMs where multigroup analyses were conducted separately for non‐URM and URM participants. Bivariate correlations show significant positive associations between all four variables for the entire group of students. However, when disaggregated, the only significant association for URM participants (n = 109) was between identity as an engineer and commitment to an engineering career. Notably, teamwork self‐efficacy was a negative predictor of commitment to an engineering career for URM participants. Beta‐coefficients from the SEM show that identity and engineering self‐efficacy are the variables most predictive of commitment, with identity being nearly twice as predictive for URM students. This study adds support for professional identity as a key predictive variable for career commitment for URM participants and indicates that a laboratory curriculum that emphasizes applied professional practice can support persistence. Considering the degree to which teamwork is emphasized generally, additional studies are needed to better understand the implications for URM students. Particularly in applications that emphasize long‐term outcomes.
Anaesthetic management of three Maine Coon cats undergoing hybrid intervention for treatment of cor triatriatum sinister
Authors: Henze Inken Sabine , Meira Carolina , Baron Toaldo Marco , Nolff Mirja Christine , Steblaj Barbara
Published: April 2023

This report describes the anaesthetic management of three Maine Coon cats undergoing hybrid cutting balloon dilatation for treatment of cor triatriatum sinister. In cat 1, cor triatriatum sinister was an incidental finding during routine transthoracic echocardiographic screening. Cats 2 and 3 presented with tachypnoea and underwent preoperative therapy with diuretics and antithrombotics. All cats were premedicated with fentanyl. Anaesthesia was co‐induced with midazolam and either etomidate (cats 1 and 2) or alfaxalone (cat 3). Sevoflurane, a fentanyl continuous‐rate infusion and a dexmedetomidine continuous‐rate infusion were used for maintenance of anaesthesia. Intravenous methadone, epidural morphine and methadone, an intercostal block and a subcutaneous wound splash with local anaesthetics complemented the analgesic protocol. Intraoperative complications included arrhythmias, bleeding, hypotension and hypothermia. Postoperative emergence delirium and haemothorax developed in two and one cat, respectively. All three cats recovered well and were discharged home.
Diagnosing gastric ulcers in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.) using gastroscopy and cytology
Authors: Buhrmann Corrine A. , Gridley Tess , Oellermann Lawrence K.
Published: April 2023

Gastric ulcers have been reported in a range of cetacean species. Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.), the most common cetacean species held in captivity, are known to experience gastric ulcers in both wild and captive environments. Documented causes of gastric ulceration include bacterial infection by Helicobacter sp., parasitic infections, high dietary histamine and foreign body ingestion. Gastric ulceration without any obvious cause might be related to stress. Currently, the most accurate way to determine the presence of gastric ulcers in captive dolphins is through direct examination of the stomach mucosa using endoscopy (gastroscopy); a procedure that requires substantial animal training and specialised medical equipment. In this study, we investigate whether cytology of the gastric fluid, collected through the less intensive method of intubation, can be used as an alternative to gastroscopy to predict the presence and severity of gastric ulcers in eight captive bottlenose dolphins at uShaka Sea World, South Africa. An ulcer grading scale was developed to quantify the severity of the dolphins' gastric ulcers observed using gastroscopy. Gastric ulcer severity was then compared with the cytological data collected from gastric fluid samples taken during the gastroscopic examinations. The cytological findings were consistent with other studies, but ulcer severity was not found to be linked to the cytological parameters measured. From these results we suggest that routine cytology of the gastric fluid is not a viable alternative to gastroscopy for diagnosing gastric ulcers in bottlenose dolphins.
Nutzen, Risiken und die Bereitschaft zum Datenteilen: Eine quantitative Studie aus Sicht der Verbraucher
Authors: Gatzert Nadine , Knorre Susanne , Müller-Peters Horst , Wagner Fred , Jost Theresa
Published: April 2023

In Kap. 5 werden die Ergebnisse einer repräsentativ quotierten Bevölkerungsumfrage zu den Risiken und Nutzenpotenzialen von Big Data in der Mobilität vorgestellt. Es zeigt sich, dass trotz nach wie vor vorherrschender Skepsis eine gewisse „Öffnung“ gegenüber Big Data und der Vernetzung von Daten zu beobachten ist. Insbesondere wenn es um konkrete Nutzenerwartungen und Einsatzfelder geht, äußern die Verkehrsteilnehmer hohes Interesse. Das gilt gleichermaßen für Anwendungen im Individual- als auch im öffentlichen Verkehr.

 Deutlich geringer ist die Bereitschaft, auch die eigenen Daten bereitzustellen. Hier wird eine gewisse Trittbrettfahrermentalität deutlich, sowie die nach wie vor hohe persönliche Relevanz des Themas Datenschutz, Sorgen vor möglicher Datenfehlnutzung sowie fehlendes Vertrauen in die Akteure der vernetzen Mobilität.

 Da zeigt sich eine abschließende Abwägung gesellschaftlicher Ziele: Die Vorteile der Vernetzung – Sicherheit, Komfort, Mobilität und Klimaschutz – müssen in Einklang gebracht werden mit Freiheitsrechten und hohen Erwartungen der Bürger an Datenschutz und Privatsphäre.
Limiting Conditions of Muckenhoupt and Reverse Hölder Classes on Metric Measure Spaces
Authors: Kurki Emma-Karoliina
Published: April 2023

The natural maximal and minimal functions commute pointwise with the logarithm on $$A_\infty $$

A
∞

. We use this observation to characterize the spaces $$A_1$$

A
1

and $$RH_\infty $$

R

H
∞

on metric measure spaces with a doubling measure. As the limiting cases of Muckenhoupt $$A_p$$

A
p

and reverse Hölder classes, respectively, their behavior is remarkably symmetric. On general metric measure spaces, an additional geometric assumption is needed in order to pass between $$A_p$$

A
p

and reverse Hölder descriptions. Finally, we apply the characterization to give simple proofs of several known properties of $$A_1$$

A
1

and $$RH_\infty $$

R

H
∞

, including a refined Jones factorization theorem. In addition, we show a boundedness result for the natural maximal function.
Prodromal symptoms and the duration of untreated psychosis in first episode of psychosis patients: what differences are there between early vs. adult onset and between schizophrenia vs. bipolar disorder?
Authors: Baeza Inmaculada , de la Serna Elena , Mezquida Gisela , Cuesta Manuel J. , Vieta Eduard , Amoretti Silvia , Lobo Antonio , González-Pinto Ana , Díaz-Caneja Covadonga M. , Corripio Iluminada , Valli Isabel , Puig Olga , Mané Anna , Bioque Miquel , Ayora Miriam , Bernardo Miquel , Castro-Fornieles Josefina ,   the PEPs group, García-Rizo Clemente , González-Díaz Jairo , de Matteis Mario , de Diego Héctor , Grasa Eva , Roldán Alejandra , Zorrilla Iñaki , García-Corres Edurne , Ruíz-Lázaro Pedro M , de-la-Cámara Concepción , Rivero Olga , Escarti María José , Casanovas Francesc , Toll Alba , Verdolini Norma , Sagué-Vilabella Maria , Sugranyes Gisela , Ilzarbe Daniel , Contreras Fernando , González-Blanco Leticia , García-Portilla María Paz , Gutierrez Miguel , Zabala Arantzazu , Rodríguez-Jiménez Roberto , Sánchez-Pastor Luis , Usall Judith , Butjosa Anna , Pomarol Edith , Sarró Salvador , Ibáñez Angela , Sánchez-Torres Ana Maria , Balanzá-Martínez Vicent
Published: April 2023

To assess the role of age (early onset psychosis-EOP < 18 years vs. adult onset psychosis-AOP) and diagnosis (schizophrenia spectrum disorders-SSD vs. bipolar disorders-BD) on the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and prodromal symptoms in a sample of patients with a first episode of psychosis. 331 patients with a first episode of psychosis (7–35 years old) were recruited and 174 (52.6%) diagnosed with SSD or BD at one-year follow-up through a multicenter longitudinal study. The Symptom Onset in Schizophrenia (SOS) inventory, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the structured clinical interviews for DSM-IV diagnoses were administered. Generalized linear models compared the main effects and group interaction. 273 AOP (25.2 ± 5.1 years; 66.5% male) and 58 EOP patients (15.5 ± 1.8 years; 70.7% male) were included. EOP patients had significantly more prodromal symptoms with a higher frequency of trouble with thinking, avolition and hallucinations than AOP patients, and significantly different median DUP (91 [33–177] vs. 58 [21–140] days; Z = − 2.006, p = 0.045). This was also significantly longer in SSD vs. BD patients (90 [31–155] vs. 30 [7–66] days; Z = − 2.916, p = 0.004) who, moreover had different profiles of prodromal symptoms. When assessing the interaction between age at onset (EOP/AOP) and type of diagnosis (SSD/BD), avolition was significantly higher (Wald statistic = 3.945; p = 0.047), in AOP patients with SSD compared to AOP BD patients (p = 0.004). Awareness of differences in length of DUP and prodromal symptoms in EOP vs. AOP and SSD vs. BD patients could help improve the early detection of psychosis among minors.
Low-cost modular devices for on-road vehicle detection and characterisation
Authors: Poza-Lujan Jose-Luis , Uribe-Chavert Pedro , Posadas-Yagüe Juan-Luis
Published: April 2023

Detecting and characterising vehicles is one of the purposes of embedded systems used in intelligent environments. An analysis of a vehicle’s characteristics can reveal inappropriate or dangerous behaviour. This detection makes it possible to sanction or notify emergency services to take early and practical actions. Vehicle detection and characterisation systems employ complex sensors such as video cameras, especially in urban environments. These sensors provide high precision and performance, although the price and computational requirements are proportional to their accuracy. These sensors offer high accuracy, but the price and computational requirements are directly proportional to their performance. This article introduces a system based on modular devices that is economical and has a low computational cost. These devices use ultrasonic sensors to detect the speed and length of vehicles. The measurement accuracy is improved through the collaboration of the device modules. The experiments were performed using multiple modules oriented to different angles. This module is coupled with another specifically designed to detect distance using previous modules’ speed and length data. The collaboration between different modules reduces the speed relative error ranges from 1 to 5%, depending on the angle configuration used in the modules.
The impact of frailty syndrome on humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in older kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Schmalz Michal , Vankova Hana , Rajnochova-Bloudickova Silvie , Hruba Petra , Fialova Martina , Gurka Jiri , Magicova Maria , Striz Ilja , Zahradka Ivan , Viklicky Ondrej
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Advanced age is associated with an impaired humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). The mechanisms are, however, poorly understood. Frailty syndrome assessment may determine the most vulnerable population.

Methods

This study is a secondary analysis of a prospective study (NCT04832841) regarding seroconversion after BNT162b2 vaccination, including 101 SARS-CoV-2 naïve KTR 70 years and older. The Fried frailty components were evaluated, and antibodies against S1 and S2 subunits of SARS-CoV-2 were examined > 14 days after the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine.

Results

Seroconversion was observed in 33 KTR. Male gender, eGFR, MMF-free immunosuppression, and a lower frailty score were associated with higher seroconversion rates in univariable regression. Concerning frailty components, physical inactivity had the most negative effect on seroconversion (OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.14–0.95, p = 0.039). In a multivariable regression adjusted for eGFR, MMF-free immunosuppression, time from transplant and gender, pre-frail (OR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.07–1.00, p = 0.050), and frail status (OR = 0.14, 95% CI 0.03–0.73, p = 0.019) were associated with an increased risk of unresponsiveness to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Conclusion

Frailty was associated with an impaired humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in older SARS-CoV-2 naïve KTR.

Trail registration

This study is registered under the identifier NCT04832841 on ClinicalTrials.gov.
Hepatitis E Virus RNA Detection from Hunted Wild Boars in Central Italy: an Epidemiological Investigation
Authors: Ferri Gianluigi , Giantomassi Giorgia , Piccinini Andrea , Olivastri Alberto , Vergara Alberto
Published: April 2023

Every year, foodborne pathogens, including the hepatitis E virus (HEV), cause thousands of infections in different continents. Final consumers become infected through the ingestion of contaminated animal origin foodstuffs. Generally, in industrialized countries, HEV genotype 3 is involved in sporadic outbreaks. Infections have been described, in Europe and Japan as consequence of pork products and contaminated wild boar’s primary or processed products (liver and muscle tissues) consumption. In Central Italy, hunting activities are largely practiced. In these small and rural communities, game meat and liver are ingested by hunters’ families or at local and traditional restaurants. Therefore, these food chains can be considered critical HEV reservoirs. In this study, 506 liver and diaphragm tissues were collected from hunted wild boars in the Southern Marche region (Central Italy) and were screened for HEV RNA detection. From the 10.87% of liver and 2.76% of muscle samples, HEV3 subtype c was discovered. The observed prevalence values resulted in line with previous investigations performed in other Central Italian regions, but higher than Northern ones (3.7% and 1.9% from liver tissue). Therefore, the obtained epidemiological data highlighted the wide occurrence of HEV RNA circulation in a low-investigated area. Basing on results, a One-health approach was adopted due to the sanitary relevance of this Public Health concern.
Experimental evaluation of the flow resistance of CO2 foam fracturing fluids and simulation prediction for fracture propagation
Authors: Wang Mingwei , Wu Wen , Chen Shuyang , Li Song , Li Tao , Ni Gensheng , Fu Yu , Zhou Wen
Published: April 2023

Shale gas fracturing requires huge amounts of water, but most well pads are located mainly in hilly areas where water is scarce. Water supply issues have limited the industrialization of shale gas development. CO2 foam fracturing fluids can meet the requirements for large-scale hydraulic fracturing of shale gas and relieve pressure on water resources. Friction calculations of CO2 foam fracturing fluids in conduit flow are key to the reliability of overall fracturing procedures, affecting fracture targeting and reservoir stimulation effects. Through the analysis of the experimental data of carbon dioxide foam fracturing fluid flow under the simulated reservoir conditions, the influence of pressure, temperature, shear rate, foam quality and other factors on the friction characteristics of CO2 foam fracturing fluid was obtained, and the mathematical calculation model of the friction coefficient of CO2 foam fracturing fluid was established, and the pipe string friction and bottom hole pressure during the fracturing process were obtained, Thus, the shape and extension behavior of hydraulic fractures in the process of carbon dioxide foam fracturing in shale reservoir are simulated and predicted, which provides a theoretical basis for effective evaluation of fracturing effect.
Early warning of low visibility using the ensembling of machine learning approaches for aviation services at Jay Prakash Narayan International (JPNI) Airport Patna
Authors: Shankar Anand , Sahana Bikash Chandra
Published: April 2023

Extremely low visibility affects aviation services. Aviation services need accurate fog and low-visibility predictions for airport operations. Fog and low-visibility forecasting are difficult even with modern numerical weather prediction models and guiding systems. Limitations in comprehending the micro-scale processes that lead to fog formation, intensification, onset, and dissipation complicate fog prediction. This article predicts low visibility for Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport (JPNI), Patna, India, using a historical synoptic dataset. The proposed machine learning (ML) approaches optimize three meta-algorithm approaches: boosting (which reduces variances), bagging (which reduces bias), and stacking (which improves predictive forces). The ML approaches optimize the best prediction algorithms (at level 0) for fog (surface visibility ≤ 1000 m) and dense fog (surface visibility ≤ 200 m), and the suggested ensemble models at level 1 (an ensemble of level 0 ML approaches) deliver the highest performance and stability in prediction output. All time series perform well with the specified model (6-h to 1-h lead time for any combination of observed historical datasets). Airport management, planning, and decision-making rely on high reliability. Because it works well and is reliable, the proposed approaches can be used at other airports in India's Indo-Gangetic Plain.
CD34 Stem Cell Boost in Pediatric Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Case Series and Review of Literature
Authors: Bowman Sara , Stanek Joe , Bajwa Rajinder , Polishchuk Veronika , Abu-Arja Rolla , Rangarajan Hemalatha G.
Published: April 2023

Patients with poor graft function (PGF) or declining donor chimerism (DC) post allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) may benefit from a CD34-selected stem cell boost (SCB). We retrospectively studied outcomes of fourteen pediatric patients (PGF: 12 and declining DC: 2), with a median age of 12.8 (range 0.08–20.6) years at HCT, who received a SCB. Primary and secondary endpoints included resolution of PGF or improvement in DC (≥ 15% increase), overall survival (OS) and transplant-related mortality (TRM), respectively. The median CD34 dose infused was 7.47 × 106/kg (range 3.51 × 106–3.39 × 107/kg). Among patients with PGF who survived ≥ 3 months post-SCB (n = 8), we observed a non-significant decrease in the cumulative median number of red cell transfusions, platelet transfusions, and GCSF but not intravenous immunoglobulin doses in the 3 months before and after SCB. Overall response rate (ORR) was 50%, with 29% complete and 21% partial responses. ORR was better in recipients who received lymphodepletion (LD) pre-SCB versus none (75% versus 40%; p = 0.56). The incidence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host-disease was 7% and 14%, respectively. The 1-year OS was 50% (95% CI 23–72%) and TRM was 29% (95% CI 8–58%). SCB was effective in half of our cohort with possible benefit of LD pre-SCB.
Wisconsin Stalagmite Records North American Warming
Authors: Kish Stacy
Published: April 2023

A speleothem has revealed rapid periods of warming across the interior of the continent during the last glacial period, corresponding to similar events recorded in Greenland ice.
Analytical investigation of multi-layered rollable displays considering nonlinear elastic adhesive interfaces
Authors: Han Sang Hyun , Shin Jun Hyuk , Choi Su Seok
Published: April 2023

To design the multilayered structures of reliable rollable displays, finite element method (FEM) investigations are conducted at various rolling conditions. Given that the optically clear adhesive (OCA) is the only flexible component and interfacial layer that plays an important role in allowing flexibility in rollable displays, we investigated its nonlinear elastic properties in detail. Hereto, FEM of rollable displays have been limited and inaccurate because OCA has been assumed to be a linear elastic material. In addition, despite the fact that rolling deformation exhibits complex bending characteristics, unlike folding, the mechanical behaviors over the entire area of rollable displays at all positions have not yet been addressed. In this study, we describe the dynamic and mechanical characteristics of rollable displays at all positions considering the hyperelastic and viscoelastic properties of OCA. The maximum normal strain of the rollable displays was applied about 0.98%, and the maximum shear strain of the OCA was shown to be around 720%. To assess the stability of the rollable displays, normal and yield strains were compared to each layer and investigated. Consequently, mechanical modeling of the rollable displays was conducted and stable rolling behaviors that did not cause permanent deformation were investigated.
Physiologic dead space is independently associated with mortality and discharge of mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 ARDS: a retrospective study
Authors: Mollura Maximiliano , Baroncelli Francesca , Mandelli Giulia , Tricella Giovanni , Weissman Gary E. , Poole Daniele , Caironi Pietro , Celi Leo Anthony , Barbieri Riccardo , Finazzi Stefano
Published: April 2023

Physiologic dead space is a well-established independent predictor of death in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Here, we explore the association between a surrogate measure of dead space (DS) and early outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) because of COVID-19-associated ARDS. Retrospective cohort study on data derived from Italian ICUs during the first year of the COVID-19 epidemic. A competing risk Cox proportional hazard model was applied to test for the association of DS with two competing outcomes (death or discharge from the ICU) while adjusting for confounders. The final population consisted of 401 patients from seven ICUs. A significant association of DS with both death (HR 1.204; CI 1.019–1.423; p = 0.029) and discharge (HR 0.434; CI 0.414–0.456; p$$< 0.001$$

<
0.001

) was noticed even when correcting for confounding factors (age, sex, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, PaO$$_{2}$$

2

/FiO$$_{2}$$

2

, tidal volume, positive end-expiratory pressure, and systolic blood pressure). These results confirm the important association between DS and death or ICU discharge in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS. Further work is needed to identify the optimal role of DS monitoring in this setting and to understand the physiological mechanisms underlying these associations.
Clinical outcomes of renin angiotensin system inhibitor-based dual antihypertensive regimens in chronic kidney disease: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Cho Miseung , Choi Chang-Young , Choi Yeo Jin , Rhie Sandy Jeong
Published: April 2023

This study comprehensively investigated clinical outcomes associated with renin angiotensin system inhibitor-based dual antihypertensive regimens in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Keyword searches of databases were performed per PRISMA-NMA guidelines. Frequentist network meta-analysis were conducted with 16 head-to-head randomized controlled trials. The effect sizes of dichotomous and continuous variables were estimated with odds ratio (OR) and standard mean differences (SMD), respectively. The protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022365927). Dual antihypertensive regimens with combination of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and calcium channel blockers (CCB) demonstrated substantially reduced odd of major cardiovascular disease (CVD) events over other regimens including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) monotherapy (OR 3.19) and ARB monotherapy (OR 2.64). Most significant reductions in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were observed with ARB-based CCB dual regimen over ACEI monotherapy (SMD 17.60 SBP and 9.40 for DBP), ACEI-based CCB regimen (SMD 12.90 for SBP and 9.90 for DBP), and ARB monotherapy (SMD 13.20 for SBP and 5.00 for DBP). However, insignificant differences were noticed for the odds of hyperkalemia, end stage renal disease progression, and all-cause mortality. ARB-based CCB regimen has the greatest benefits on BP reduction as well as major CVD risks in non-dialysis CKD patients.
Enabling chlorophyll photo-response for in-line real-time noninvasive direct probing of the quality of palm-oil during mill process
Authors: Tan Eddie Khay Ming , Tiong Soon Huat , Adan Dalina , Md. Zain Mohd Zairey bin , Md Rejab Syahril Anuar , Baharudin Mohd. Shafril , Loy Hao Chih , Tok Eng Soon , Tok Wee Lee , Appleton David Ross , Teh Huey Fang
Published: April 2023

During the milling process of palm oil, the degree of palm fruit ripeness is a critical factor that affects the quality and quantity of the oil. As the palm fruit matures, its chlorophyll level decreases, and since chlorophyll in oil has undesirable effects on hydrogenation, bleachability, and oxidative degradation, it’s important to monitor the chlorophyll content in palm oil during the milling process. This study investigated the use of light-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (LICF) for non-invasive and real-time monitoring of chlorophyll content in diluted crude palm oil (DCO) located at the dilution and oil classification point in palm oil mill. An LICF probe was installed at the secondary pipe connected to main DCO pipeline, and the system communicates with a computer located in a separate control room via a Wi-Fi connection. Continuous measurements were recorded with an integration time of 500 ms, averaging of 10, and a time interval of 1 min between each recording during the oil mill’s operation. All data were stored on the computer and in the cloud. We collected 60 DCO samples and sent them to the laboratory for American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS) measurement to compare with the LICF signal. The LICF method achieved a correlation coefficient of 0.88 with the AOCS measurements, and it also provided a direct, quantitative, and unbiased assessment of the fruit ripeness in the mill. By incorporating Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and cloud storage, this LICF system enables remote and real-time access to data for chemometrics analysis.
The combination of rolipram and cilostamide improved the developmental competence of cloned porcine embryos
Authors: Tanga Bereket Molla , Fang Xun , Bang Seonggyu , Seo Chaerim , Kang Heejae , Cha Dabin , Qamar Ahmad Yar , Shim Joohyun , Choi Kimyung , Saadeldin Islam M. , Lee Sanghoon , Cho Jongki
Published: April 2023

In vitro maturation of porcine oocytes is characterized by asynchronous cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation, leading to less competent oocytes supporting embryo development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of rolipram and cilostamide as cyclic Adenine monophosphate (cAMP) modulators to find the maximum cAMP levels that temporarily arrest meiosis. We determined the optimal time to maintain functional gap junction communication during pre-in vitro maturation to be four hours. Oocyte competence was evaluated by the level of glutathione, reactive oxygen species, meiotic progression, and gene expression. We evaluated embryonic developmental competence after parthenogenetic activation and somatic cell nuclear transfer. The combined treatment group showed significantly higher glutathione and lower reactive oxygen species levels and a higher maturation rate than the control and single treatment groups. Cleavage and blastocyst formation rates in parthenogenetic activation and somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos were higher in two-phase in vitro maturation than in the other groups. The relative levels of BMP15and GDF9 expression were increased in two-phase in vitro maturation. Somatic cell nuclear transfer blastocysts from two-phase in vitro maturation oocytes showed a lower level of expression of apoptotic genes than the control, indicating better pre-implantation developmental competence. The combination of rolipram and cilostamide resulted in optimal synchrony of cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation in porcine in vitro matured oocytes and there by enhanced the developmental competence of pre-implantation embryos.
Calves peak-end memory of pain
Authors: Ede Thomas , Woodroffe Raphaela E. , von Keyserlingk Marina A. G. , Weary Daniel M.
Published: April 2023

In humans, the ‘peak-end’ rule states that recollection of an experience is most often influenced by the peak (the most intense moment) and end of the experience. We investigated whether calves followed the peak-end rule in their memory of a painful procedure: disbudding. As proxies for retrospective and ‘real-time’ reports of pain, we used conditioned place aversion, and reflex pain behaviours. In two separate trials, calves were subjected to two disbudding conditioning sessions (one horn per treatment), acting as their own control. In the first trial, calves (n = 22) were disbudded and remained in a pen for 4 h, and disbudded and left in another pen for 4 h with an additional 2 h following an analgesic treatment. In the second trial, calves (n = 22) were disbudded and left in pens for 6 h during both treatments, receiving the analgesic at either 2 h or 4 h after disbudding. Calves were then tested for place aversion. For both trials we did not observe a preference for the pens where calves received analgesic treatment towards the end of the session. We did not find an association between aversion and the sum, peak or end of pain behaviours. Results are not consistent with a peak-end effect in calves’ memory of pain.
Lung microbiome and cytokine profiles in different disease states of COPD: a cohort study
Authors: Xue Qing , Xie Yu , He Yukun , Yu Yan , Fang Guiju , Yu Wenyi , Wu Jianhui , Li Jiwei , Zhao Lili , Deng Xinyu , Li Ran , Wang Fang , Zheng Yali , Gao Zhancheng
Published: April 2023

Increasing evidence indicates that respiratory tract microecological disorders may play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Understanding the composition of the respiratory microbiome in COPD and its relevance to respiratory immunity will help develop microbiome-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. One hundred longitudinal sputum samples from 35 subjects with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) were analysed for respiratory bacterial microbiome using 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing technology, and the sputum supernatant was analysed for 12 cytokines using a Luminex liquid suspension chip. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was employed to evaluate the existence of distinct microbial clusters. In AECOPD, the respiratory microbial diversity decreased, and the community composition changed significantly. The abundances ofHaemophilus,Moraxella,Klebsiella, andPseudomonasincreased significantly. Significant positive correlations between the abundance ofPseudomonasand TNF-α, abundance ofKlebsiellaand the percentage of eosinophils were observed. Furthermore, COPD can be divided into four clusters based on the respiratory microbiome. AECOPD-related cluster was characterized by the enrichment ofPseudomonasandHaemophilusand a high level of TNF-α.LactobacillusandVeillonellaare enriched in therapy-related phenotypes and may play potential probiotic roles. There are two inflammatory endotypes in the stable state:Gemellais associated with the Th2 inflammatory endotypes, whereasPrevotellais associated with the Th17 inflammatory endotypes. Nevertheless, no differences in clinical manifestations were found between these two endotypes. The sputum microbiome is associated with the disease status of COPD, allowing us to distinguish different inflammatory endotypes. Targeted anti-inflammatory and anti-infective therapies may improve the long-term prognosis of COPD.
Automatic detection of circulating tumor cells and cancer associated fibroblasts using deep learning
Authors: Shen Cheng , Rawal Siddarth , Brown Rebecca , Zhou Haowen , Agarwal Ashutosh , Watson Mark A. , Cote Richard J. , Yang Changhuei
Published: April 2023

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from whole blood are emerging as important biomarkers that potentially aid in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The microfilter technology provides an efficient capture platform for them but is confounded by two challenges. First, uneven microfilter surfaces makes it hard for commercial scanners to obtain images with all cells in-focus. Second, current analysis is labor-intensive with long turnaround time and user-to-user variability. Here we addressed the first challenge through developing a customized imaging system and data pre-processing algorithms. Utilizing cultured cancer and CAF cells captured by microfilters, we showed that images from our custom system are 99.3% in-focus compared to 89.9% from a top-of-the-line commercial scanner. Then we developed a deep-learning-based method to automatically identify tumor cells serving to mimic CTC (mCTC) and CAFs. Our deep learning method achieved precision and recall of 94% (± 0.2%) and 96% (± 0.2%) for mCTC detection, and 93% (± 1.7%) and 84% (± 3.1%) for CAF detection, significantly better than a conventional computer vision method, whose numbers are 92% (± 0.2%) and 78% (± 0.3%) for mCTC and 58% (± 3.9%) and 56% (± 3.5%) for CAF. Our custom imaging system combined with deep learning cell identification method represents an important advance on CTC and CAF analysis.
Insulator–metal transition in CrSiTe3 triggered by structural distortion under pressure
Authors: Musfeldt J. L. , Mandrus D. G. , Liu Z.
Published: April 2023

van der Waals solids are well known to host remarkable phase diagrams with competing phases, unusual energy transfer processes, and elusive states of matter. Among this class of materials, chalcogenides have emerged as the most flexible and relevant platforms for unraveling charge–structure–function relationships. In order to explore the properties of complex chalcogenides under external stimuli, we measured the far infrared spectroscopic response of CrSiTe3 under extreme pressure–temperature conditions. Analysis of the 368 cm−1 Si–Te stretching mode and the manner in which it is screened by the closure of the indirect gap reveals that the insulator–metal transition takes place immediately after the structural phase transition—once the mixed phase aspect of the lattice distortion is resolved. At the same time, the two-phase region associated with the structural transition widens with decreasing temperature, and the slope of the insulator–metal transition under pressure is consistent with increasing entropy. These trends completely revise the character of the temperature–pressure phase diagram as well as the relationship between the structural and insulator–metal transitions, leading to a critical nexus of activity that may hide a quantum critical point and allow superconductivity to emerge.
Brain-targeted ginkgolide B-modified carbonized polymer dots for alleviating cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury
Authors: Yang Mingxi , Wei Xin , Pan Kaibo , Zhou Zeli , Liu Yang , Lv Xiaodan , Yang Bai
Published: April 2023

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death in the world, and there is still a lack of effective treatments.
Design and synthesis of copper(ii) malonates with N,N′-containing linkers
Authors: Zorina-Tikhonova Ekaterina N. , Chistyakov Aleksandr S. , Novikova Veronika A. , Knyazev Daniil A. , Gogoleva Natalia V. , Blinou Daniil O. , Efimov Nikolay N. , Dorovatovskii Pavel V. , Kiskin Mikhail A. , Eremenko Igor L. , Vologzhanina Anna V.
Published: April 2023

Effect of the metal coordination on the periodicity and topology of coordination polymers is discussed on the example of copper(ii) malonates with N,N′-containing linkers as compared with zinc(ii) analogs.
Universal phase transformation of Ni–Se electrocatalysts induced by an electrochemical activation strategy for a significantly enhanced alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Jiang Li-Wen , Yin Zhao-Hua , Liu Hong , Wang Jian-Jun
Published: April 2023

A general electrochemical activation strategy is reported to induce the phase transformation from Ni0.85Se to NiSe/Ni3Se2 with a core–shell structure.
Energy storage complementary control method for wind‐solar storage combined power generation system under opportunity constraint
Authors: Tian Xin
Published: April 2023

Due to the different complementarity and compatibility of various components in the wind‐solar storage combined power generation system, its energy storage complementary control is very important. In order to ensure the stable operation of the system, an energy storage complementary control method for wind‐solar storage combined power generation system under opportunity constraints is proposed. The wind power output value is obtained. Aiming at the maximum similarity between the total output of wind power storage and the planned output curve, combined with the opportunity constraints and the output and electric quantity constraints of energy storage devices, the energy storage complementary control model is established, and the model is solved by improving the adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm. The experimental results show that the total output of the wind‐solar storage combined power generation system is consistent with the expected output, and the utilization rate of wind‐solar resources is effectively improved. It has good convergence performance, and can better meet the needs of actual power work.