bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Echocardiographic Outcome of Percutaneous Closure of Ventricular Septal Defects
Authors: Ammouri Iyad AL
Published: April 2024

Background: Ventricular septal defects (VSD) are the most common congenital cardiac anomalies. Hemodynamically significant defects require closure. Surgery is the gold standard for most defects. Recently, transcatheter closure has provided an acceptable option in selected cases. We aim to evaluate the outcomes of percutaneous closure of VSD and assess the effect of device closure on echocardiographic left-sided chamber parameters.
Socio-cultural origins of beer naming in the Kirov region
Authors: Moskvin Artem , Kushova Irina
Published: April 2024

Russia in its history has experienced completely different attitudes of the population towards alcohol consumption and, at times, diametrically opposite approaches of the state to its regulation: from dry laws to widespread encouragement, from the northern type of alcohol consumption (dominance of strong drinks) to the southern type (dominance of low-alcohol drinks). In this sense, today we are experiencing a unique situation: in modern Russia, beer (a low-alcohol drink) is taking the lead in the alcoholic beverage market. Beer is again becoming, in fact, a people's drink. This circumstance makes interesting and relevant the question of studying beer consumption in the historical context. How has the consumption of alcohol in the past influenced its consumption today? Is there any cultural connection between the eras? Or is today's beer culture starting from scratch? We have tried to answer these questions by studying modern beer naming.

In this article the socio-cultural origins of modern beer names are analysed on the example of draught beer shops in the city of Kirov. The names are analysed in the context of successive major Russian historical epochs. The study was conducted using a content analysis method of three hundred and seventy beer names collected by the authors in the first half of 2023 in twenty-two beer shops in the city. Three strategies used for naming beer were identified: pre-revolutionary (these names are closely related to the names of varieties from various Western European countries), Soviet (built on the negation of the pre-revolutionary strategy, based on the development of new, unique names) and post-Soviet (modern names that do not correlate with either the pre-revolutionary or Soviet strategy). The study revealed that the most popular strategies are pre-revolutionary and post-Soviet (38 per cent each of all names considered), while the least popular is the Soviet strategy (24 per cent of all names considered). In addition, the coefficient of uniqueness of the strategy used is introduced, which allows us to understand how diverse the use of a particular strategy in sales is. It is shown that pre-revolutionary and post-Soviet beer naming strategies are most often used in beer sales, while the Soviet strategy is the least popular, which indicates the special characteristics of the beer consumer community.
Power in small Russian cities: managerial problems and motivation of actors
Authors: Chirikova Alla
Published: April 2024

The paper analyses Russian municipal power on the example of small Russian cities. The analysis is based on the results of an empirical study conducted with the author's participation in six small towns in Perm Krai, Ivanovo and Tambov regions. The research was conducted in two stages. The first stage consisted of 69 in-depth interviews with representatives of local and regional elites and experts conducted in 2012-2015. At the second stage in 2018 -2020, 64 interviews were conducted, including as well the same respondents who were interviewed at the first stage. In 2023, several additional interviews were conducted with experts in the city G of Perm Krai due to the dramatically changed situation.

The conducted research allows us to say that the problem field of small towns has not changed so significantly over the years. The problems are still concentrated around the theme of deteriorating socio-economic situation, taxes and personnel deficit. At the same time, managerial problems of the authorities are growing due to the deficit of personnel in small towns, managerial weakness of some heads of small towns. Among the new problems are pandemic, insufficient number of leaders in the corps of municipal managers, and the consequences of SWO. The analysis of the motivational profile of the heads of municipal entities and their teams has shown that in recent years the level of motivation and management efficiency have increased among the heads of cities. The elites' and population's demand for power has significantly increased, which could not but affect the internal motivation of actors. The empirical study on the example of one single-industry town demonstrated that a small town despite all resource and other constraints can continue to develop if a partnership model of interaction between local authorities and strategic leaders of a large company is formed. However, it does not always guarantee that the achieved efficiency of interaction between government and business will remain unchanged if the federal government interferes in the system of relations between the two actors.
O mercado de trabalho nos estados brasileiros, 2016-2021
Authors: Bastos Raul Luís Assumpção
Published: April 2024

O propósito do artigo é analisar a evolução de quatro indicadores do mercado de trabalho presentes no Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável n. 8 para os estados brasileiros, entre 2016 e 2021. A tendência predominante nos estados foi de aumento da proporção de ocupados informais, da taxa de desocupação e da proporção de jovens que não estudam e não estão ocupados, e de redução do rendimento-hora médio real. Entre os homens a deterioração foi mais abrangente na proporção de ocupados informais e no rendimento-hora médio real; entre as mulheres, na taxa de desocupação e na proporção de jovens que não estudam e não estão ocupados. Foi feita a aplicação do método de agrupamento k-médias aos indicadores do ODS 8 nos mercados estaduais de trabalho. Na comparação de 2016 com 2021, a média de três indicadores – proporção de ocupados informais, taxa de desocupação e proporção de jovens que não estudam e não estão ocupados – se deteriorou em quase todos os agrupamentos, com exceção somente da Região Sul.
Antimicrobial Activities against Skin Flora from Tart-cherry Extracts (Prnus cerasus)
Authors: Jung Hyo Jung , Lee Jae Hwa
Published: April 2024

Purpose: In this study, antibacterial and anti-oxidant activities of Tart-cherry hydrothermal extracts (TCW) and ethanol extracts (TCE) against dermatological bacteria were measured, and the cell viability and anti-inflammatory effects were investigated in RAW264.7 macrophages to determine their characteristics for use as functional cosmetic materials. Methods: Anti-oxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method. The antibacterial activity against dermatophilosis was confirmed by the size of the clear zone formed by DISK diffusion and MIC measurement. The activity against an antibiotic-resistant MRSA strain was also measured. Anti-inflammatory response was identified by measuring cytotoxicity and NO activity in RAW264.7 macrophages, in which inflammatory reactions were induced with LPS. Results: Anti-oxidant activity of the TCE was 85.6%, and of TCW was 88.4% at 500 μg/mL. The size of the clear zone was confirmed using Cutibacterium acnes (18 mm), Staphylococcus epidermis (S. epidermis ) (4 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ) (16 mm). No antifungal activity against Candida albicans was observed. RAW264.7 macrophages showed a survival rate of >90% at <250 μg/mL of extract. Additionally, a concentration-dependent inhibition of NO production was observed. Conclusion: Tart-cherry extracts possessed high anti-oxidant activity and anti-inflammatory efficacy. In addition to the antibacterial activity against the skin-residing bacteria, S. aureus and S. epidermis, high activity against the acne-causing strain C. acnes suggests a sufficient potential of Tart-cherry extracts as a raw material for the preparation of cosmetics and bioproducts.
CENÁRIO ATUAL DAS INDICAÇÕES GEOGRÁFICAS NA REGIÃO NORTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Neves Diniz Marcelo , Daniel dos Santos Coelho Silva  , Karin Junek Roque Mercado  , Welison Portugal de Souza  , Glaucia Eliza Gama Vieira
Published: April 2024

Trata de um recorte sobre o cenário atual (até outubro de 2021) das indicações geográficas na região norte do Brasil trazendo aspectos envolvendo as legislações brasileiras sobre IGs, guia básico sobre pedidos, valores. A metodologia adotada envolve busca bibliográfica e documental, em que foram pesquisadas diversas bases de dados nacionais e internacionais além de sistema de busca no próprio site do INPI, e para obter resultados mais precisos fez-se busca na planilha de acompanhamento dos pedidos/registros de indicações geográficas utilizando recurso CTRL + F. Os resultados alcançados apontam que são atualmente 12 IGs na região norte, sendo 9 para Indicação de Procedência e 3 Denominações de Origem. Os resultados apontam também que o produto mais recorrente é “Farinha da mandioca”, que a primeira IG da região é do estado do Tocantins enquanto a mais nova é a Denominação de Origem “Mamirauá” para Pirarucu manejado no Amazonas.
Persepsi Masyarakat Kelurahan Lenteng Agung terhadap Fungsi Taman Lenteng Agung Pingkal Sebagai Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik
Authors: Yanuar Dwi Ananto  , Ilham Badaruddin Mataburu  , Fauzi Ramadhoan A’Rachman
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the public's perception of the function of Lenteng Agung Pingkal Park as public green open space so that it can be an evaluation material for optimizing green open spaces. The research method used is a descriptive method. The analysis was conducted using a quantitative approach, used to identify the function of the Lenteng Agung Pingkal Park based on community perceptions using scoring. Measurement of perceptions and social conditions of society is measured using a Likert scale. The sampling technique is a purposive sample. Population and sample used were the people of Lenteng Agung Village who visited Lenteng Agung Pingkal Park, and the sample used was the productive age community (RW) 07, 08, 09 which was 15 to 64 years old. Collecting data using observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The variable function of Taman Lenteng Agung as a green open space includes socio-cultural, aesthetic, and economic functions. The results this study that the public's perception of the functions in socio-cultural, aesthetic, and economic overall of Lenteng Agung Pingkal Park included the good category with a score of 4.094. This proves that the government and park management are considered to be good at organizing public green open spaces.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Flipped Classroom Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Peserta Didik SMAN 44 Jakarta
Authors: Angga Alviansyach  , Aris Munandar  , Sony Nugratma Hijrawadi
Published: April 2024

Indonesia's ranking in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is always decreasing and the problem in the world of Indonesian education is that teachers have not been able to choose, maximize and implement learning models as adaptive learning techniques wisely. This learning pattern must be changed to focus on students (student center). This research aims to determine the effect of the flipped class learning model on the cognitive learning outcomes of students at SMAN 44 Jakarta. The method used is quantitative with an experimental approach. Data collection at SMAN 44 Jakarta, with students at class XI level. For class XI IPS 1 as an experimental class using the flipped class learning model and class XI IPS 3 as a control class using a conventional learning model. The data obtained came from pre-test and post-test scores with a data collection period of 3 meetings. Test the pre-requisites for data analysis using normality and homogeneity tests. The data analysis technique used in this research is the Independent Sample T-Test. The results show that there is a significant influence on the average learning outcomes of students in the experimental class from 39.44 to 75.27, while for the control class the score was 38.47 to 63.47. The conclusion of this research is that there is an influence in using the flipped class learning model.
Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Digital Mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Geografi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Medan
Authors: Mendrofa Verry Sisca , Berutu Nurmala
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze the Digital Literacy Skills Students of Geography Education Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan. The data collection techniques used were tests and questionnaires as well as direct observation of respondents' social media accounts, then analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. The results showed that: Overall, the digital literacy skills of Geography Education Department students are classified as good with an average score (70.58) and percentage score (63.58%). When viewed according to its aspects, the knowledge aspect is classified as good with an average score (8.39) and percentage score (64.58%), the attitude aspect is classified as very good with an average score (42.83) and percentage score (85.67%), but the skill aspect is less with an average score (19.35) and percentage score (40.31%). The digital literacy ability of men with an average score (70.71) and percentage score (63.71%) was higher but not significantly different from women who had an average score (70.51) and percentage score (63.52%). Most students of Geography Education Department are not very active in using social media (84.06%) and their uploads are more personal content (30.57%) than work content (4.26%).
Antisipasi dan Kesiapan Komunitas: Menelusuri Adaptasi Masyarakat Bidara Cina terhadap Ancaman Banjir
Authors: Bagas Hardianto  , Rayuna Handawati  , Ilham Badaruddin Mataburu
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the form of adaptation of the Bidara Cina Village community. The method used is qualitative with the technique of Validity of triangulation data. The informant in this study was a resident of Bidara Cina Village, supported by the Head of Section (KASI) of the Bidara Cina Village Government and the Head of RW. The results showed that the community has new adaptations used in dealing with flood disasters. This adaptation can be seen through building infrastructure, social conditions, information technology, experience, knowledge and the economy. The form of adaptation of building infrastructure is seen through the improvement of houses to two floors. The form of adaptation of knowledge and experience is carried out by minimizing the use of the first floor, and becoming more frequent to seek flood disaster information through the application of the flood early warning system. The benefits of economic adaptation, such as meeting clothing needs, are mostly obtained from assistance. The form of social adaptation can be seen from the attitude of mutual help before, during and after the flood disaster occurs. Community institutions such as cadets together with the Head of RW and Village Parties routinely hold flood disaster socialization which aims to improve the community's ability to deal with floods that occur.
WITHDRAWN: Numerical Study on the Performance Evaluation and Thermal Management of Automotive Exhaust Thermoelectric Generator using Pin fins
Authors: Veer Chander , Kansara Keyur , Singh Shobhana
Published: April 2024

The utilization of thermoelectric power generators presents a viable prospect for the recuperation of waste heat that results from exhaust gases within the automotive sector. The optimal performance of thermoelectric modules in waste heat recovery applications is heavily dependent on the design of the heat exchanger. The current study employs numerical methods to examine the efficacy of pin-fin configurations on the hot-side heat exchanger surface in enhancing heat transfer and thereby improving the conversion efficiency of TEG. Specifically, the study explores the impact of inline, staggered, and progressive arrangements of pin-fins in the direction of the exhaust stream. The heat exchanger is subjected to variations in fin thickness ranging from 10 mm to 18 mm to improve heat transfer in each configuration. The study conducts simulations on every fin configuration, utilizing three distinct inlet velocities (4 m/s, 6 m/s, and 8 m/s) and five different inlet temperatures (423 K, 473 K, 523 K, 573 K, and 623 K). The assessment of the heat exchanger’s performance is conducted by means of the thermalhydraulic performance coefficient (THPC) and the temperature uniformity index. Meanwhile, the evaluation of the TEG device’s performance is carried out by estimating its rated power output and the conversion efficiency of TEG. According to the findings, the staggered fin arrangement exhibits the highest Thermal Hydraulic Performance Coefficient (THPC) and power generation capability, while the progressive and inline fin configurations follow in descending order. The utilization of fins with a thickness of 18 mm in a staggered arrangement yields a peak rated power output of 53.42 W. The implementation of pin fins in a staggered configuration within the heat exchanger amplifies the heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the thermoelectric module. Consequently, there is an increase in the output power with respect to the given temperature difference.
Effect of SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin on Biomarkers of Tubular Injury in Patients with Acute Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gojaseni Pongsathorn , Wattanakul Jananya , Chuasuwan Anan , Chittinandana Anutra
Published: April 2024

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiovascular outcomes in acute heart failure (AHF) but are associated with a transient rise in serum creatinine. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of SGLT2 inhibitor on urinary biomarkers of tubular injury in patients with AHF. Patients who hospitalized for AHF were randomized to dapagliflozin added to standard of care or control group for 28 days. The primary outcome was the change of urinary [TIMP-2] x [IGFBP7] by NephroCheck® from baseline. Out of the 32 patients who underwent randomization, 25 eligible individuals were enrolled for analysis. Compared with control group, dapagliflozin group significantly reduced urinary [TIMP-2] x [IGFBP7] after 7 days [dapagliflozin: -0.03 ± 0.11 (ng/mL)2/1000; control: +0.4 ± 0.14 (ng/mL)2/1000; P = 0.022] and continue this trend until the end of the study. In terms of clinical outcomes, dapagliflozin has demonstrated a trend towards decrease in acute kidney injury (AKI) events compared to the control group (33.3% vs 46.2%; P = 0.513). The changes in serum creatinine, and adverse events showed no differences in either group. In conclusion, initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with AHF significantly decrease the urinary AKI risk markers TIMP-2 and IGFBP7, that supported protective effect of SGLT2 inhibitor on renal tubular injury.
Trial registration number: The study was registered with the Thai Clinical Trials Registry TCTR20221003002.
Vascular Access Related Infections in Hemodialysis Children and the Impact of Implementation of CDC Guidelines and Tools on the control of these infections: A Single Centre Experience from Egypt
Authors: Moselhy Sawsan S. El , El-Sharawi Mohamed Nasr , Elhady Marwa W. Abd , Khamis Mohamed Awad , Said Ragia Marei
Published: April 2024

Background: Vascular access related infection (VARI) is a serious issue in pediatric end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients on regular hemodialysis. Multiple infection control rules have been highly endorsed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Objective: To estimate the frequency of vascular access related infections in hemodialysis (HD) children and to assess the effect of implementation of CDC guidelines and tools on prevention of VARI.
Subjects and methods: This study was conducted on 110 patients with ESKD on regular hemodialysis at the Pediatric Dialysis Unit, Ain Shams University in the period from August 2019 till September 2021; retrospectively for one year and prospectively for another year after implicating the CDC infection control procedures.
Besides full history taking, vascular access history and thorough clinical examination, the lab investigations for VARI diagnosis and echocardiography were done. CDC infection control procedures were implemented for one year and VARI was re-evaluated.
Results: The total number of patients enrolled in the study was 110, they were 58 males (52.7%) and 52 females (47.3%). The incidence of infection per 1000 vascular access days in both years was highest in patients with NTVCs (10.447 /1000 NTVC days, 6.861 /1000 NTVCs days) followed by patients with TVCs (1.051/1000 TVC days, 0.604 /1000 TVC days) then patients with AVF, (0.141/1000 AVF days, 0.046 /1000 AVF days). The mortality from vascular access related infections in the first year was higher than in the second year, 5 patients (10.2%) and 1 patient (3.8%) respectively.
The average duration of hospital stays (PPY) due to VARI (total admission days 8.09 and ward admission days 6.41) in the first year were significantly higher than in the second year 4.04, 3.20 days/PPY respectively, but there were no significant differences in the average duration of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admissions between the 2 years of the study (1.68, 0.84 days/PPY respectively).
Conclusion: The incidence of vascular access infection (VAI) is higher with non-tunneled catheters and lowest with Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF). To reduce the risk of VARI and hospitalization, proper infection control procedures must be implemented.
PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy or lenvatinib in advanced gallbladder cancer: A retrospective comparative study
Authors: Song Hao , Tan Xiao-yu , Liang Xiao-lu , Liu Bin , Ma Hong-yan
Published: April 2024

Background
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a refractory primary cancer. Some GBC patients are prone to recurrence even after surgical resection. In such cases, chemotherapy is the most common non-surgical treatment. The emergence of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and targeted therapy have provided an additional option for those suffering from advanced tumors.
Methods
This was a retrospective study involving patients with advanced GBC treated at the Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital between June 2019 and June 2022. The patients who received a PD-1 inhibitor (tislelizumab) with chemotherapy or with lenvatinib were retrospectively analyzed. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) was used as the efficacy evaluation standard. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and tumor marker CA199 were evaluated.
Results
This study involved 61 patients with advanced GBC. Of these, 32 patients received tislelizumab and GS (gemcitabine and TS-1) chemotherapy, whereas 29 patients received tislelizumab and lenvatinib. For the Tislelizumab plus GS chemotherapy group, the median OS and PFS were 19.64 ± 11.81 (95% CI: 16.47–25.20) and 15.44 ± 13.42 (95% CI: 12.08–22.25) months, respectively. For the lenvatinib group, the OS and PFS were 13.06 ± 9.41 (95% CI: 9.72–16.63) and 10.34 ± 10.03 (95% CI: 6.56–14.13) months, respectively. The ORR and DCR were 59.38% and 81.3%, respectively, for the Tislelizumab plus GS chemotherapy group, which were significantly longer than those for the Tislelizumab plus Lenvatinib group. Treatment-related adverse events were similar between the groups.
Conclusion
Tislelizumab combined with GS chemotherapy provides a safe and more efficient treatment option for advanced GBC patients.
Improving Postoperative Outcomes for DoC Patients: The Role of BIS-Monitored Depth Regulation
Authors: Chen Xuanling , Qin Xuewei , Zhuang Yutong , Li Zhengqian , Liang Zhenhu , Zhang Hua , Yao Lan , Li Xiaoli , He Jianghong , Guo Xiangyang
Published: April 2024

Objective: To assess whether maintaining an appropriate depth of anesthesia using the Bispectral Index (BIS) could enhance outcomes following spinal cord stimulation (SCS) device implantation in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness (DoC).
Methods: A total of 103 patients with DoC who underwent SCS implantation were reviewed between January 2019 and December 2021, of whom 83 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were categorized into the BIS group (n = 45) and the non-BIS group (n = 38) based on whether BIS monitoring was used during the operation. Relevant data, such as disease course, cause, anesthesia, and operation time, were collected. Preoperative Coma Recovery Scale—Revised (CRS-R(preoperative)) score, postoperative CRS-R(24h), and postoperative CRS-R(3m) changes were recorded.
Results: The CRS-R(3m) score was significantly higher in the BIS group than that in the non-BIS group (preoperative), with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Furthermore, in the CRS-R(24h), the BIS group demonstrated a higher score than the non-BIS group, with a statistically significant difference noted (X2 = 8.787, p = 0.004). When assessing the improvement in consciousness in the multivariate logistic regression analysis model, it was revealed that the thalamus independently influenced the enhancement of consciousness (p < 0.05). Throughout the follow-up, one patient in the BIS group experienced a decline in consciousness from a minimally consciousness state (MCS)- to-vegetative state, whereas two patients in the non-BIS group passed away during the follow-up.
Conclusion: For patients with DoC undergoing SCS implantation under general anesthesia, employing BIS monitoring during surgery to regulate the depth of sedation under general anesthesia can reduce propofol dosage and influence the brain network. Patients can benefit from improved hearing, as observed in the CRS-R(24h). We recommend using BIS to monitor the depth of anesthesia in patients with DoC to enhance overall patient outcomes.
Experimental study on the mechanism of nanoparticles improving the stability of high expansion foam
Authors: Zhang Yixiang , Feng Shilong , Bai Junhua , Zhu Jianlu , Li Yuxing
Published: April 2024

High expansion foam (Hi-Ex) is recommended to suppress the leakage and diffusion of cryogenic liquid due to its light weight and large volume. However, the disadvantages of low stability and high break rate under environmental conditions are all limited the further application of the Hi-Ex foam in vapor mitigation and fire extinguishing. So that, this paper focus on the effect and mechanism of nanoparticles in stabilizing Hi-Ex foam. Three kinds of nanoparticles with different concentration were selected to evaluate the effect of foam half-life and the mechanism of solid particles on improving the foam stability. The results indicated that different particle concentrations can improve the foam stability to a specific extent, and the maximum improving of half-life can increase by 95.4% in presence of the hydrophilic SiO2 at 0.5 wt%. Meanwhile, the hydrophilicity, size and morphology of the particles have a specific impact on the foam stability. From the microscopic point of view, it was observed that the bubble size gradually increases with time by two processes of ripening and coalescence and satisfied in a logarithmic distribution. While, the liquid film thickness remarkably decreases in a large decline rate of 77.1% due to foam drainage without particles and the adsorption and accumulation of nanoparticles on foam lamella can provide a spatial barrier for the film thinning and the inter bubble diffusion. So that, the microscopic interaction mechanism of improving the foam stability between the nanoparticles and bubble have been further explored and revealed in these two aspects.
Collaborative Strategies for Adolescent Suicide Prevention: Insights from Slovakia and Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Salimova Leila , Rusnáková Markéta
Published: April 2024

Objective
The study aimed to analyze the role and effectiveness of multidisciplinary teams in preventing adolescent suicide within educational settings in Slovakia and Kyrgyzstan.
Materials and Methods
Qualitative research methods were employed, involving semi-structured interviews with 10 specialists from Slovakia and Kyrgyzstan. The study assessed the collaborative efforts of various professionals involved in suicide prevention.
Results
Despite differing levels of development and implementation of multidisciplinary team concepts, findings revealed a generally positive impact of collaborative efforts in both countries (more structured in Slovakia and less developed in Kyrgyzstan). Multidisciplinary teams in educational settings strive to create supportive environments for adolescents, contributing significantly to mitigating various issues during their formative years.
Conclusions
Prevention efforts require coordinated action among multiple social institutions with unified strategies. While progress has been made, there remains potential for further development, particularly in improving cooperation among specialists, national recognition of youth suicide as a critical issue, and institutionalizing procedures to elevate the status and education of multidisciplinary teams.
Significance: This research provides innovative insights into the effectiveness of multidisciplinary teams in suicide prevention among adolescents. By suggesting comprehensive strategies for team collaboration, it offers valuable contributions to reducing youth suicide rates in both Slovakia and Kyrgyzstan.
The effect of Levodopa and Stimulation on post-surgery Freezing of Gait in STN-DBS Parkinson's Disease patients: a clinical and kinematic analysis
Authors: Barbosa Raquel , Bastos Paulo , Lobo Patricia Pita , Rodrigues Catarina , Valadas Anabela , Guedes Leonor Correia , Mano Beatriz , Alberto Sara , Paixao Vitor , Rosa Mário , Matias Ricardo , Martins Daniel , Mendonça Marcelo , Coelho Miguel
Published: April 2024

Background
Despite the long-term efficacy of high-frequency (HFS) subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) on appendicular symptoms, its benefit on freezing of gait (FOG) is less clear. Mechanisms and optimal therapeutic approaches to this type of FOG remain unclear.
Objective
Assess acute post-surgery FOG response to levodopa and stimulation
Methods
17 PD STN-DBS patients with a FOG score (item 3.11) ≥ 2 in the MedON/StimON condition were evaluated under 5 experimental conditions, including a low frequency (60Hz) condition maintaining the same total energy delivered. In each condition, gait and FOG episodes (#FOG) were assessed using clinical (including a 3x14 meters Stand-Walk-Sit task) and kinematic metrics using a set of Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs).
Results
At a cohort level, compared to MedOFF/StimOFF, #FOG was significantly reduced in the MedONStimON 130Hz condition. A high variability in individual responses were seen regarding individual responses to LD or stimulation. While ~ 29% of patients worsened their FOG with LD and were rescued by DBS, ~ 18% presented the reverse pattern. No significant differences were observed in #FOG when low and high frequency were compared, however MDS-UPDRS axial subscores were significantly lower in 60Hz condition. Gait variability emerged as the strongest kinematic dimension associated with FOG. A convolutional neural network model trained to identify FOG episodes on sensor data from an independent cohort of PD presented a good correlation with clinical FOG metrics (r > 0.54).
Discussion
FOG presenting in the Best-Functional state after surgery is mostly a therapy-resistant FOG partially improved by stimulation and medication. The clinical and kinematic heterogeneity in FOG responses to LD and stimulation (including frequency) should be clinically considered. IMU based tools can provide powerful methods to identify FOG episodes, study gait phenotypes and clarify the circuit mechanisms of FOG, whose treatment remains an unmet clinical need.
Seismic performance evaluation of precast post-tensioned high- performance concrete frame beam-column joint under cyclic loading
Authors: Pang Xuefei , Li Yangchun
Published: April 2024

Precast concrete structures have developed rapidly because they meet the requirements of green and low-carbon social development. In this paper, a precast post-tensioned high-performance concrete frame beam-column joint was proposed, and the low-cycle reversed load test was performed on the four proposed joints. The main differences between the four joints are the different prestress values applied by the joints and whether the beam-column joint is provided with L-shaped steel. The seismic performance indexes such as hysteresis curve, stiffness degradation, deformation capacity, energy dissipation capacity and residual deformation of each node were obtained through experiments. By comparing various seismic performance indicators, it could be found that the use of high-performance concrete could effectively avoid the phenomenon of local crushing of concrete due to excessive prestressing. At the same time, it was found that the setting of L-shaped steel plate at the beam-column junction could effectively avoid the early damage at the beam-column junction. On the basis of the test, the three-line restoring force model of the joint was established by the method of experimental regression analysis. The model could better reflect the stress situation of each stage of the joint. Based on the experimental and theoretical analysis, the finite element analysis model of the joint was established, and the model calculation results were in good agreement with the experimental results.
Attention-based CNN–LSTM deep learning hybrid model for the prediction of atmospheric ozone concentration
Authors: JIANG YUAN , HUA DENGXIN , WANG YUFENG , YANG XUETING , DI HUIGE , YAN QING
Published: April 2024

Considering that ozone is essential to understanding air quality and climate change, this study introduces a deep learning method for predicting atmospheric ozone concentrations. The method combines an attention mechanism with a convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) to address the nonlinear nature of multivariate time-series data. It employs CNN and LSTM to extract features from short series, enhanced by the attention mechanism for improved short-term prediction accuracy. The model uses eight meteorological and environmental parameters from 16,806 records (2018–2019) as input, selected through principal component analysis (PCA). It features a hybrid attention-CNN-LSTM model with specific settings: a time step of 5, a batch size of 25, 15 units in the LSTM layer, the Relu activation function, 25 epoch iterations, and an overfitting avoidance strategy at 0.15. Experimental results demonstrate that this hybrid model outperforms independent models and the CNN-LSTM model, especially in forward prediction with a multi-hour time lag. The model exhibits a high prediction determination coefficient (R2 = 0.971) and a root mean square error of 3.59 for a 1-hour time lag. It also shows consistent accuracy across different seasons, highlighting its robustness and superior time-series prediction capabilities for ozone concentration.
Estimating visibility and understanding factors influencing its variations at Bangkok airport using machine learning and a game theory-based approach
Authors: Aman Nishit , Panyametheekul Sirima , Sudhibrabha Sumridh , Pawarmart Ittipol , Xian Di , Gao Ling , Tian Lin , Manomaiphiboon Kasemsan , Wang Yangjun
Published: April 2024

In this study, a range of machine learning (ML) models including random forest, adaptive boosting, gradient boosting, extreme gradient boosting, light gradient boosting, cat boosting, and a stacked ensemble model, were employed to predict visibility at Bangkok airport. Furthermore, the impact of influential factors was examined using the Shapley method, an interpretable ML technique inspired by the game theory-based approach. Air pollutant data from seven Pollution Control Department monitoring stations, visibility, and meteorological data from the Thai Meteorological Department's Weather station at Bangkok Airport, ERA5_LAND, and ERA5 datasets, and time-related dummy variables were considered. Daytime visibility ((here, 8–17 local time) was screened for rainfall, and ML models were developed for visibility prediction during the dry season (November – April). The light gradient boosting model is identified as the most effective individual ML model with superior performance in three out of four evaluation metrics (i.e., highest ρ, zero MB, second lowest ME, and lowest RMSE). However, the SEM outperformed all the individual models in visibility prediction at both hourly and daily time scales. The seasonal mean and standard deviation of normalized meteorological visibility are lower than those of the original visibility, indicating more influence of meteorology than emission reduction on visibility improvement. The Shapley analysis identified RH, PM2.5, PM10, day of the season year, and O3 as the five most important variables. At low relative humidity (RH), there is no notable impact on visibility. Nevertheless, beyond this threshold, negative correlation between RH and visibility. An inverse correlation between visibility and both PM2.5 and PM10 was identified. Visibility is negatively correlated with O3 at lower to moderate concentrations, with diminishing impact at very high concentrations. The day of the season year (i.e., Julian day) (JD) exhibits an initial negative and later positive association with visibility, suggesting a periodic effect. The dependence of the Shapley values of PM2.5 and PM10 on RH, and the equal step size method to understand RH effects, suggest the effect of hygroscopic growth of aerosol on visibility. Findings from this research suggest the feasibility of employing machine learning techniques for predicting visibility and comprehending the factors influencing its fluctuations. Based on the above findings, certain policy–related implications, and future work have been suggested.
GF-CSTNet: A Method for Pan-Sharpening Remote Sensing Images by Integrating CSPNet and Transformer
Authors: Chen Yingxia , Liu Huiqi , Fang Faming
Published: April 2024

To tackle challenges like limited receptive fields and inadequate feature extraction encountered in conventional ConvolutionalNeural Networks (CNNs), this paper introduces a remote sensing image sharpening approach named GF-CSTNet. Themethod draws inspiration from the FusionNet architecture and combines CSPNet with Transformer for improved performance.Firstly, this method utilizes guided filtering to enhance the acquired remote sensing image data. The CSPNet and Transformerstructures are then combined to further enhance fusion performance by leveraging their respective advantages. Subsequently, aRep-Conv2Former method is designed to streamline attention and extract diverse receptive field features through a multi-scaleconvolution modulator block. Simultaneously, a reparameterization module is constructed to integrate the multiple branchesgenerated during training into a unified branch during inference, thereby optimizing the model’s inference speed. Furthermore,a residual learning module incorporating attention has been devised to augment the modeling and feature extraction capabilitiesof images. Finally, to tackle the overfitting issue that emerges during training, weight decay has been incorporated into the lossfunction. Experimental results obtained from the GaoFen-2 and WorldView-3 datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of theproposed GF-CSTNet approach. It effectively extracts detailed information from images while avoiding the problem of spectraldistortion.
Development of a Random Forest Climate Model Correction Algorithm
Authors: Holthuijsen Tim
Published: April 2024

In this paper, a variety of machine learning models for reducing climate model inaccuracy are developed and critically examined. The most effective model at mitigating climate model inaccuracy is a random forest regressor, which reduces temperature Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) from 2.90 to 0.44 in the Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS). Multiple linear models, neural networks, and random forest regressor correction models are trained on a large climate model inaccuracy dataset. This inaccuracy dataset is created by comparing the results of a climate reanalysis with the results of a climate reforecast, assuming that the reanalysis is more accurate at representing real climate values than the reforecast. This assumption is successfully validated by comparing both datasets to an observational validation set. The random forest correction model performs significantly better than the other correction approaches, for which possible explanations are discussed. Finally, this method of climate model correction is applied to a generalized setting, creating a program that can automatically generate a tailor-made random forest correction model for any climate model output.
Maternal Concentrations of Vitamin D Metabolites in Response to High-Dose Oral Vitamin D During First Trimester Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Syafitri Inayah , Irwinda Rima , Saroyo Yudianto Budi , Purwosunu Yuditiya , Wibowo Noroyono
Published: April 2024

Vitamin D deficiency has become a common problem globally. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of different vitamin D3 regimens on maternal concentrations of vitamin D metabolites during pregnancy. This randomized controlled trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06054919) on 22nd September 2023. Subjects were ≤ 14 weeks gestation pregnant women with vitamin D deficient or insufficient (25(OH)D < 30 ng/ml]. Two intervention groups were randomly assigned: 5,000 IU of vitamin D3 daily or 50,000 IU weekly of vitamin D3. Maternal blood samples were collected before and after four weeks of intervention to assess changes in serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D). Sixty subjects were randomized into two groups, and eight subjects were dropped out. There were no differences in the baseline demographics or baseline levels of any of the vitamin D metabolites between the two groups. In the 50,000 group, the 25(OH)D levels increased from 15.3 ± 4.7 ng/mL to 26.9 ± 6.1 ng/mL (p < 0.001) and 34.6% of the subjects achieved vitamin D sufficiency. While in the 5,000 group, the 25(OH)D levels increased from 14.5 ± 4.3 ng/mL to 27.9 ± 9.3 ng/mL (p < 0.001) and 23.1% of the subjects achieved vitamin D sufficiency. Both groups showed an increasing trend in the total levels of 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, VDBP, and 24,25(OH)2D. However, the increment of all vitamin D metabolites were not significantly different between two groups. Vitamin D3 50,000 IU weekly is equally effective and safe as 5,000 IU daily in increasing vitamin D levels in pregnant women with vitamin D deficient or insufficient.
Quadruplet therapy for newly diagnosed myeloma: Comparative analysis of sequential cohorts with triplet therapy lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone (RVd) vs daratumamab with RVD (DRVd) in transplant-eligible patients
Authors: Joseph Nisha , Kaufman Jonathan , Gupta Vikas , Hofmeister Craig , Madhav Dhodapkar , Boise Lawrence , Roberts Danielle , DiCamillo Sara , Nooka Ajay , Lonial Sagar
Published: April 2024

Lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone (RVd) has previously been established as standard of care induction therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). More recently, randomized phase 3 data have demonstrated the benefit of the addition of daratumumab (Dara-RVd) to the RVd backbone in terms of improved both depth of response and long-term survival benefit as measured by progression free survival (PFS). Our group has previously published on a historical cohort of 1000 NDMM patients uniformly treated with RVd induction with impressive both PFS and overall survival. Here, we present a comparative analysis of our RVd cohort with a contemporary cohort of 326 patients induced with Dara-RVd at our institution with intent to transplant. This analysis demonstrates the utility of this regimen in real-world clinical practice, and provides additional insights into D-RVd performance in patient subsets often underrepresented in clinical trials, as well as the impact of daratumumab in maintenance for all NDMM patients.
A Case of Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Following the Use of Chenopodium album L
Authors: Demiray¹ Alparslan , yılmaz tuğba , Demiray Sevil , Akgün Hülya , Koçyiğit İsmail
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Chenopodium album, commonly known as "lambsquarters," is a plant consumed as food and used in traditional medicine. Its popularity is increasing due to the belief that it has fewer side effects compared to synthetic drugs. However, its use can lead to acute or chronic poisoning. The growing interest in herbal remedies, along with uncontrolled usage and disregard for expert recommendations, contributes to adverse effects.
Case Presentation
: A 68-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department with nausea, vomiting, and flank pain following the use of lambsquarters. Impaired kidney function was detected in the patient. A biopsy performed after Chenopodium album usage led to the diagnosis of tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). The patient responded positively to corticosteroid and hemodialysis treatment.
Discussion
Caution is necessary in the use of herbal medicines and traditional treatments. A thorough evaluation of factors such as patients' nutritional status, herbal product usage, medication history, and genetic background is crucial. Chenopodium album can cause tubulointerstitial nephritis, resulting in kidney damage. Similarly, heavy metal poisoning through herbal products can lead to kidney damage. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach in the diagnosis and treatment process can contribute to better patient management.
Conclusion
This case presents a rare instance of tubulointerstitial nephritis developed due to the use of herbal products. Physicians should inquire about patients' history of exogenous substance use and conduct a comprehensive assessment, keeping such situations in mind. Conscious use of herbal medicines and traditional treatments can help prevent serious complications like kidney damage.