bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotional freedom technique versus written exposure therapy versus waiting list for post-traumatic stress disorder: protocol for a randomised clinical MRI study
Authors: Choi Yujin , Kim Yunna , Choi Sunyoung , Choi Young-Eun , Kwon Ojin , Kwon Do-Hyung , Lee Seung-Ho , Cho Seung-Hun , Kim Hyungjun
Published: June 2023

Introduction

The emotional freedom technique (EFT) is an acupuncture-based psychotherapy that combines tapping on acupoints with cognitive reframing. EFT has been previously shown to have potential for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, further clinical evidence and underlying mechanisms of EFT are yet to be fully explored. This proposed clinical trial aims to examine the effect of EFT on patients with PTSD compared with the waitlist (WL) and active controls.

Methods and analysis

This study was designed as a randomised, assessor-blinded, three-arm clinical MRI study. A total of 120 eligible patients with PTSD will be recruited and randomised into EFT, written exposure therapy (WET) or WL groups. EFT and WET will be applied once a week for 5 weeks. For patients in the WL group, EFT will be performed after 12 weeks. PTSD symptoms, depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms and quality of life will be evaluated. Assessments will be conducted at baseline (week 0), post-treatment (week 6) and follow-up (week 12). Structural and functional brain images and recording videos of facial expressions to emotional stimuli will be obtained before and after treatment. Sixty participants without lifetime traumatic experiences will be enrolled as healthy controls. The primary objective of the study is to compare the change from baseline in the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale after treatment (week 6) between EFT and WL groups and between EFT and WET groups.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital. The research findings will be shared at national and international conferences and will be published in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration number

Clinical Research Information Service KCT0007360https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/21974.
Adolescent mental well-being, religion and family activities: a cross-sectional study (Northern Ireland Schools and Wellbeing Study)
Authors: Bamford Jordan , Leavey Gerard , Rosato Michael , Divin Natalie , Breslin Gavin , Corry Dagmar
Published: June 2023

Objectives

In this study, we seek to explore the relationship between adolescent mental well-being, religion and family activities among a school-based adolescent sample from Northern Ireland.

Setting

The Northern Ireland Schools and Wellbeing Study is a cross-sectional study (2014–2016) of pupils in Northern Ireland aged 13–18 years.

Participants

1618 adolescents from eight schools participated in this study.

Outcomes measures

Our primary outcome measure was derived using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale. We used hierarchical linear regression to explore the independent effects of a range of personal/social factors, including religious affiliation, importance of religion and family activities.

Results

In fully adjusted models, older adolescents and females reported lower mental well-being scores—for the year-on-year increase in age β=−0.45 (95% CI=−0.84, –0.06), and for females (compared with males) β=−5.25 (95% CI=−6.16, –4.33). More affluent adolescents reported better mental well-being. No significant differences in mental well-being scores across religious groups was found: compared with Catholics, Protestant adolescents recorded β=−0.83 (95% CI=−2.17, 0.51), other religious groups β=−2.44 (95% CI=−5.49, 0.62) and atheist adolescents β=−1.01 (95% CI=−2.60, 0.58). The importance of religion in the adolescents’ lives was also tested: (compared with those for whom it was not important) those for whom it was very important had better mental well-being (β=1.63: 95% CI=0.32, 2.95). Higher levels of family activities were associated with higher mental well-being: each unit increase in family activity produced a 1.45% increase in the mental well-being score (β=0.78: 95% CI=0.67, 0.90).

Conclusions

This study indicates that non-religious adolescents may have lower mental well-being scores when compared with their more religious peers, irrespective of religious denomination. This may relate to both a sense of lack of firm identity and perceived marginalisation. Additionally, adolescents with poor family cohesion are more vulnerable to poor mental well-being.
Evaluating the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab in patients with stage I–III MMR-deficient colon cancer: a national, multicentre, prospective, single-arm, phase II study protocol
Authors: Justesen Tobias Freyberg , Gögenur Ismail , Tarpgaard Line Schmidt , Pfeiffer Per , Qvortrup Camilla
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Within the last two decades, major advances have been made in the surgical approach for patients with colorectal cancer. However, to this day we face considerable challenges in reducing surgery-related complications and improving long-term oncological outcomes. Unprecedented response rates have been achieved in studies investigating immunotherapy in patients with mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) colorectal cancer. This has raised the question of whether neoadjuvant immunotherapy may change the standard of care for localised dMMR colon cancer and pave the way for organ-sparing treatment.

Methods and analysis

This is an investigator-initiated, multicentre, prospective, single-arm, phase II study in patients with stage I–III dMMR colon cancer scheduled for intended curative surgery. Eighty-five patients will be treated with one dose of pembrolizumab (4 mg/kg) and within 5 weeks will undergo a re-evaluation with an endoscopy and a CT scan—to assess tumour response—before standard resection of the tumour. The primary endpoint is the number of patients with pathological complete response, and secondary endpoints include safety (number and severity of adverse events) and postoperative surgical complications. In addition, we aspire to identify predictive biomarkers that can point out patients that achieve pathological complete response.

Ethics and dissemination

The Regional Committee for Health Research and Ethics and the Danish Medicines Agency have approved this study. The study will be performed according to the Helsinki II declaration. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The results of the study will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication and presented at international congresses.

Trial registration number

NCT05662527.
Abstracts from international emergency medicine journals
Authors: Production EMJ
Published: June 2023

Editor’s note: EMJ has partnered with the journals of multiple international emergency medicine societies to share from each a highlighted research study, as selected by their editors. This edition will feature an abstract from each publication.
Thermal contribution to measured g-factors in alkali atoms
Authors: Zalialiutdinov T. , Kozhedub Y. , Solovyev D.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we consider a one-loop thermal correction to the g-factors of the ground and low-lying excited states in atomic systems with one valence s electron. As an example, we carried out calculations for Rb and Cs atoms, where optical measurements of transition frequencies set the metrological level of accuracy. With the development of atomic systems as the most accurate tool for spectroscopic experiments, it has become increasingly important to improve the accuracy of measuring the electron g-factor, which is currently at10−12. The rapid progress in this field in recent years requires analysis not only of various relativistic, quantum electrodynamics, and other effects, but also theoretical studies of phenomena stimulated by the external thermal environment. We can expect that the thermal contribution to the g-factor calculated in our work may be of interest in the near future.
Positive solutions for fractional Kirchhoff–Schrödinger–Poisson system with steep potential well
Authors: Jian Hui , Zhong Qiaocheng , Wang Li
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we deal with the following fractional Kirchhoff–Schrödinger–Poisson system: [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is a constant, [Formula: see text] are positive parameters, [Formula: see text] represents a potential well with the bottom [Formula: see text]. By applying the truncation technique and the parameter-dependent compactness lemma, we first prove the existence of positive solutions for b small, [Formula: see text] large and [Formula: see text] small in the case [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we investigate the decay rate of positive solutions as [Formula: see text] as well as their asymptotic behavior as [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively.
A Class-Imbalance Aware and Explainable Spatio-Temporal Graph Attention Network for Neonatal Seizure Detection
Authors: Raeisi Khadijeh , Khazaei Mohammad , Tamburro Gabriella , Croce Pierpaolo , Comani Silvia , Zappasodi Filippo
Published: June 2023

Seizures are the most prevalent clinical indication of neurological disorders in neonates. In this study, a class-imbalance aware and explainable deep learning approach based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Graph Attention Networks (GATs) is proposed for the accurate automated detection of neonatal seizures. The proposed model integrates the temporal information of EEG signals with the spatial information on the EEG channels through the graph representation of the multi-channel EEG segments. One-dimensional CNNs are used to automatically develop a feature set that accurately represents the differences between seizure and nonseizure epochs in the time domain. By employing GAT, the attention mechanism is utilized to emphasize the critical channel pairs and information flow among brain regions. GAT coefficients were then used to empirically visualize the important regions during the seizure and nonseizure epochs, which can provide valuable insight into the location of seizures in the neonatal brain. Additionally, to tackle the severe class imbalance in the neonatal seizure dataset using under-sampling and focal loss techniques are used. Overall, the final Spatio-Temporal Graph Attention Network (ST-GAT) outperformed previous benchmarked methods with a mean AUC of 96.6% and Kappa of 0.88, demonstrating its high accuracy and potential for clinical applications.
An Optimal Configuration Method for Microgrid Energy Storage Capacity via Combination of Empirical Modal Analysis and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Shang Liqun , Deng Liwen , Hao Tianqi , Li Chaobiao
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes a method that considers the bus net Fuzzy control strategy quickly and accurately for power. Due to the intermittent and fluctuating characteristics of distributed generation units in microgrid, the power quality will be reduced and the normal operation of microgrid will be affected. In this paper, empirical modal analysis fused with convolutional neural network algorithm is applied to the power control strategy of microgrid energy storage system to improve the economy and reliability of microgrid. The design process of the controller is analyzed, and fuzzy rules and membership functions are designed according to the effect requirements of the controller. Then, the center of gravity method is used to obtain the output power of the energy storage system. The simulation results show that the configuration scheme based on the optimization of the hybrid energy storage system in the whole life cycle in this paper not only ensures the stability of the energy storage system but also effectively avoids power fluctuations and stabilizes the peak shaving and valley filling rate. While improving the economy of the energy storage system, it also increases the service life of the energy storage system.
Group-like small cancellation theory for rings
Authors: Atkarskaya A. , Kanel-Belov A. , Plotkin E. , Rips E.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we develop a small cancellation theory for associative algebras with a basis of invertible elements. Namely, we study quotients of a group algebra of a free group and introduce three axioms for the corresponding defining relations. We show that the obtained ring is non-trivial. Moreover, we show that this ring enjoys a global filtration that agrees with relations, find a basis of the ring as a linear space and establish the corresponding structure theorems. We also provide a revision of a concept of Gröbner basis for our rings and establish a greedy algorithm for the Ideal Membership Problem.
On k-geodetic graphs and groups
Authors: Elder Murray , Piggott Adam , Townsend Kane
Published: June 2023

We call a graph k-geodetic, for some [Formula: see text], if it is connected and between any two vertices there are at most k geodesics. It is shown that any hyperbolic group with a k-geodetic Cayley graph is virtually-free. Furthermore, in such a group the centralizer of any infinite order element is an infinite cyclic group. These results were known previously only in the case that [Formula: see text]. A key tool used to develop the theorem is a new graph theoretic result concerning “ladder-like structures” in a k-geodetic graph.
Regular solutions of chemotaxis-consumption systems involving tensor-valued sensitivities and Robin type boundary conditions
Authors: Ahn Jaewook , Kang Kyungkeun , Lee Jihoon
Published: June 2023

This paper deals with a parabolic–elliptic chemotaxis-consumption system with tensor-valued sensitivity [Formula: see text] under no-flux boundary conditions for [Formula: see text] and Robin-type boundary conditions for [Formula: see text]. The global existence of bounded classical solutions is established in dimension two under general assumptions on tensor-valued sensitivity [Formula: see text]. One of the main steps is to show that [Formula: see text] becomes tiny in [Formula: see text] for every [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] is sufficiently small, which seems to be of independent interest. On the other hand, in the case of scalar-valued sensitivity [Formula: see text], there exists a bounded classical solution globally in time for two and higher dimensions provided the domain is a ball with radius [Formula: see text] and all given data are radial. The result of the radial case covers scalar-valued sensitivity [Formula: see text] that can be singular at [Formula: see text].
Global boundedness in a 2D chemotaxis-Navier–Stokes system with flux limitation and nonlinear production
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: June 2023

We consider the chemotaxis-Navier–Stokes system with gradient-dependent flux limitation and nonlinear production: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in a bounded domain [Formula: see text], where the flux limitation function [Formula: see text] and the signal production function [Formula: see text] generalize the prototypes [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. For the linear production case of [Formula: see text], the global boundedness of solutions has been verified in the related literature for [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we expand to prove that the corresponding initial-boundary value problem possesses a unique globally bounded solution if [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text], or if [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text], which shows that when [Formula: see text], that is, the self-enhancement ability of chemoattractant is weak, the solutions still remain globally bounded even though the flux limitation is relaxed to permit proper [Formula: see text]; however, if [Formula: see text], it is necessary to impose the stronger flux limitation than that in the case [Formula: see text] to inhibit the possible finite-time blow-up. This seems to be the first result on the global solvability in the chemotaxis-Navier–Stokes model with nonlinear production.
DURAL MECHANICAL RESPONSES TO LOAD-CONTROLLED ASYMMETRIC BIAXIAL STRETCH
Authors: TAMURA ATSUTAKA , NISHIKAWA SOICHIRO
Published: June 2023

This study conducted a series of biaxial stretching tests on the spinal dura mater. To investigate the specific effects of different loading patterns on mechanical responses of the dura mater, load-controlled asymmetric (longitudinal vs. circumferential loading at 1:0.5 and 0.5:1 ratios) and equi-load (longitudinal vs. circumferential at a 1:1 ratio) biaxial stretching tests were performed. The dural meninge was found to be most compliant when a circumferentially dominant loading pattern (longitudinal vs. circumferential at a 0.5:1 ratio or physiological biaxial stretch) was used. Additionally, physiological biaxial stretch resulted in the lowest strain energy density in the toe region of stress–strain curves, i.e., physiological deformation ranges, whereas mechanical loading caused abruptly stiffening of the linear region of stress–strain curves even under circumferentially dominant loading. On the other hand, stress relaxation and elastin content of the dural tissue had no effect on stored strain energy density within the range of biaxial stretch tested in this study. These results indicate that physiological biaxial stretching contributes to structural protection of the spinal cord and the spinal dura, which may be attributable to changes in the arrangement of embedded collagen fibers and concomitant mechanical interactions with surrounding tissues.
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF THE LUNG AND BREAST CANCEROUS CELLS USING ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE
Authors: REZAEI IRAJ , SADEGHI ALI
Published: June 2023

Cell deformation and changes in mechanical properties, such as adhesion, elasticity modulus, and height, are some of the most significant signs of cancer. This paper investigates the mechanical parameters of normal and cancerous cells in the breast and lungs. The lung’s normal cell studied is MRC-5, and the cancerous ones include A-549, COR-L105, and CALU-6. MCF-10A is the normal breast cell studied, and MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, and ZR-75-1 are cancerous. The mechanical specifications and cellular topography were obtained using nanoindentation by the atomic force microscope (AFM). The elasticity modulus and adhesion amounts for at least 96 indents were computed by mathematical averaging for each cell line in two different modes. The results indicate that cancer decreases the cells’ elasticity modulus by one-tenth in the lung and lower than one-third in breast cells. Cancer cells are up to several hundred times more adhesive than normal cells. In addition, a cancerous cell’s height is greater than normal cells. This study’s elastic modules are compared to the other references. Overall, the results are compatible.
Yukawa–Casimir wormhole model in F(R,T) framework
Authors: Shweta  , Sharma Umesh Kumar , Mishra Ambuj Kumar
Published: June 2023

There is an unavoidable association of traversability of wormholes to the violation of null energy condition which in turn indicates the presence of exotic or non-exotic matter in the wormhole geometry. The exotic matter possesses the negative energy that is required to sustain the wormhole. Recently studies are done to solve this problem so as to avoid the exotic matter. In this work, we attempt to find such solution in the framework of [Formula: see text] gravity where [Formula: see text], here [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are Ricci scalar and trace of energy momentum tensor respectively, using the Yukawa–Casimir shape function. For Yukawa–Casimir wormhole, it is assumed that the exotic energy is sourced from the Casimir energy density. We have examined the energy conditions using Yukawa–Casimir shape function [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is a positive mass scale. We have taken different values of [Formula: see text] to study the role of Yukawa–Casimir energy in formation of traversable wormholes. The equilibrium aspect of the model is also investigated with the help of TOV equation.
Exploring Soft Hypergraphs through Various Operations
Authors: George Bobin , Jose Jinta , Thumbakara Rajesh K.
Published: June 2023

This paper presents an introduction to soft hypergraph operations, namely extended union, extended intersection, restricted union, and restricted intersection, along with the concept of soft semisubhypergraph. We explore various properties of these operations and provide illustrative examples.
Polymer-based temperature sensors: Materials design, synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Jun
Published: June 2023

Temperature is closely related to the life activities of the human body, especially at the cellular scale. A large number of biological reactions often take place in cells, including gene expression, enzyme interaction, and cell metabolism, accompanied by the release or absorption of heat. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the intracellular temperature in real time. Due to the excellent thermal stimulus-response ability and good biocompatibility of thermosensitive polymers, thermometers based on polymers have successfully achieved temperature detection at the cellular scale with high spatial resolution, which has attracted tremendous attention from researchers. In this paper, the design, synthesis strategy, and the ability of temperature imaging in cells of polymer-based thermometers are introduced in detail, which provides a good foundation for the future design of polymer-based thermometers and their biomedical applications.
Propagation of plane waves in nonlocal semiconductor nanostructure thermoelastic solid with fractional derivative due to ramp-type heat source
Authors: Abd-Elaziz Elsayed M. , Jahangir A. , Othman Mohamed I. A.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, propagation of thermoelastic waves in semi-conducting nanostructure medium is studied. First, the governing equations are formulated with the help of coupled nonlocal elasticity theory, thermoelastic three-phase-lag model, and equation of motion. Heat equation with fractional order is incorporated to study thermal effects on the propagation of wave. The problem is solved using Fourier series and Laplace transform to obtain the exact expressions of physical fields. The distributions of the nondimensional carrier density and stresses are obtained and illustrated graphically. The effects of nonlocal parameter, fractional order parameter, and time parameter on these wave characteristics are concerned and discussed in detail. Some semiconductor materials as Silicon (Si) and Germanium (Ge) are used to make the numerical simulation and some comparisons in different thermal memories are made.
URBAN POPULATION AND CO2 EMISSION ON GDP PER CAPITA: ASEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: ABDULLAH AREEZNA ARZA BINTI HAJI
Published: June 2023

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region is vulnerable to the effects of climate change. However, urbanization and energy supply are essential to the ASEAN economy. This study examines the effects of CO2 emissions and urban population on GDP per capita in 10 ASEAN countries from 1995 to 2021. Furthermore, ASEAN countries are divided into three income groups. According to the results of this study’s panel data analysis, urban population, and CO2 emissions per capita have a positive effect on GDP per capita, respectively. However, both urban population and CO2 emissions per capita reduce GDP per capita. While CO2 emissions per capita and GDP per capita have a negative relationship in low- and high-income countries, the urban population positively impacts GDP per capita across the ASEAN region’s income levels. In low- and high-income countries, urban population, and CO2 emissions per capita have a positive impact on GDP per capita.
Note on differential identities on σ-prime rings with involution
Authors: Madni M. A. , Mozumder M. R. , Ahmed W. , Abbasi A. , Ramesh A.
Published: June 2023

The major goal of this paper is to investigate the structure of [Formula: see text]-prime rings with involution, satisfying certain [Formula: see text]-differential identities involving [Formula: see text]-centralizing and some special type of products. We also provide an example which shows that center of [Formula: see text]-prime ring is not free from zero divisors.
Selected Karoo geoheritage sites of palaeontological significance in South Africa and Lesotho
Authors: Bordy Emese M. , Smith Roger M. H. , Choiniere Jonah N. , Rubidge Bruce S.
Published: June 2023

The main Karoo Basin of South Africa and Lesotho preserves
c.
120 myr of Earth's history. The sedimentary rocks of its Karoo Supergroup record massive environmental changes from the glacial Carboniferous to desert dunes and fiery flood basalts in the Early Jurassic. From the early Permian, the Karoo Basin was gradually filled with fluvial and lacustrine deposits, and the alluvial plains were successively colonized by a diverse suite of plants and animals. The fossils of these ancient inhabitants and their behavioural traces form an astounding Gondwanan geoheritage legacy in southern Africa, providing fossil evidence for the moving lithospheric plates and the effects of four mass extinctions and their subsequent biotic recovery. Here, we present six Karoo sites of global geoscientific importance that best display that heritage, with the caveat that these sites only touch upon the Karoo riches that are available for academic research and the emerging palaeotourism industry. It is our hope that these sites will become anchor points for a sustainable geoheritage future in southern Africa.
On Reducing User Interaction Data for Personalization
Authors: Rendle Steffen , Zhang Li
Published: June 2023

Most recommender systems rely on user interaction data for personalization. Usually, the recommendation quality improves with more data. In this work, we study the quality implications when limiting user interaction data for personalization purposes. We formalize this problem and provide algorithms for selecting a smaller subset of user interaction data. We propose a selection method that picks the subset of a user’s history items that maximizes the expected recommendation quality. We show on well studied benchmarks that it is possible to achieve high quality results with small subsets of less than ten items per user.
Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Fruit Pulp Extracts of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne and Cucurbita maxima Duchesne
Authors: Suwannapong Apinya , Talubmook Chusri , Promprom Wilawan
Published: June 2023

Objective. To evaluate and compare the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of fruit pulp extracts from Cucurbita moschata (PCMOS) and Cucurbita maxima (PCMAX). Methods. The antidiabetic activity was carried out in vivo by orally and daily giving the extracts at a dose of 500 mg/kg·b.w. to the streptozotocin-induced diabetic male albino Wistar rats for six weeks. After the period of administration, blood glucose levels, body weight, serum insulin, morphology of islets of Langerhans, biochemical parameters, and haematological values of the rats were determined. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity was carried out in vitro by determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Results. PCMAX significantly (

p
<
0.05

) reduced blood glucose levels but increased the body weight, serum insulin levels, size and number of islets of Langerhans, and β-cell number of the treated diabetic rats more than PCMOS did. However, they did not alter biochemical parameters and haematological values of the treated diabetic rats. PCMAX possessed total phenolic and flavonoid contents and showed DPPH scavenging and FRAP reducing antioxidant power more significantly (

p
<
0.05

) than PCMOS. Conclusions. According to the obtained results, it is indicated that PCMOS and PCMAX possess antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. PCMAX possesses more potent antidiabetic and antioxidant activities than PCMOS. These are probably due to PCMAX providing polysaccharide and total phenolic and flavonoid contents more than PCMOS.
Energy Efficiency and Feasibility Analysis of Solar Power Generation Using Hybrid System of an Educational Institution in Malaysia
Authors: Zublie Muhammad Firdaus Mohd , Hasanuzzaman M. , Rahim N. A.
Published: June 2023

Energy is one of the basic inputs and driving forces for economic and social development modernization. Sustainable energy supply is one of the major challenges in the modern world. Sustainable energy supply can be obtained through alternative energy sources, and efficient energy use is a high priority to optimize the environmental impact. This paper investigates the potential for energy savings involving five end-load equipment in academic institutions. The saving potential is obtained through energy efficiency analysis and feasibility analysis of the solar power generation systems. An energy audit is conducted on end-use consuming equipment (i.e., fans, lights, air conditioning, ICT equipment, etc.) in these five end-load sectors to find out the major energy-consuming equipment, energy consumption, and potential energy savings. The analysis of energy consumption per equipment helps determine the appropriate type of equipment to be upgraded and replaced for energy saving. The feasibility of rooftop solar power generation has been also analysed to integrate into the energy end load. The research findings confirm that laboratory equipment, lighting, and air conditioning are vital to energy consumption in academic buildings. The energy savings, bill savings, and carbon emissions reductions have been estimated based on integrating rooftop solar power generation. The feasibility analysis of onsite energy generation using a hybrid solar system found that the total energy-saving potential and bill savings within five years are 311,131 kWh and RM 113,563, respectively. This value refers to comprehensive energy-saving and bill for all academic buildings involved in this research.
Analytical Approximation-Based Approach for Passenger Flow Control Strategy in Oversaturated Urban Rail Transit Systems
Authors: Zhu Qian , Zhu Xiaoning , Shang Pan , Meng Lingyun
Published: June 2023

Focusing on a heavily congested urban rail corridor, this study investigates the passenger flow control strategy optimization problem from a mesoscopic perspective to reduce platform congestion and enhance service quality. Based on a quadratic functional approximation for passenger arrival rates, an analytical formula for calculating passenger waiting time is derived based on the classic deterministic queueing theory. We formulate the problem as a continuous nonlinear programming model to minimize the total passenger waiting time within transportation capacity constraints. A Lagrangian relaxation approach effectively transforms the original complex problem into an unconstrained minimization program. The analytical solution relating to optimal flow control strategy is derived by directly solving the unconstrained program. To further provide an integrated optimization framework from both the supply and demand sides, we extend the abovementioned passenger flow control optimization model into an integrated mixed-integer nonlinear programming model to jointly optimize the passenger-flow control strategy and train frequency setting. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed models. The computational results show that the produced high-quality passenger flow control strategy significantly reduces total passenger delay.
Mathematical Modeling and Analysis on the Effects of Surgery and Chemotherapy on Lung Cancer
Authors: Ullah Md. Ahsan , Mallick Uzzwal Kumar
Published: June 2023

Lung cancer is the biggest cause of cancer mortality worldwide and a major impediment to extending life expectancy. In comparison to other cancers, it has a relatively poor survival rate. In this paper, we have developed a mathematical model for lung cancer based on biological phenomena using nonlinear ordinary differential equations and analyzed it both analytically and numerically. According to the findings, CD8+ T cells and dendritic cells have a role in tumor cell variety. Surgery and chemotherapy have been used as treatment options, and we have observed that three doses of chemotherapy after surgery had the greatest results after examining several treatment options. During the treatment period, the cycle of each chemotherapy has been taken every 4 weeks, and the first dose has been taken after 28 days of surgery. Finally, we have evaluated the various starting dates for the best treatment choice and discovered that the patient who begins treatment sooner has a better probability of surviving.
On Bernstein’s Problem of Complete Parabolic Hypersurfaces in Warped Products
Authors: Zhang Ning , Zhu Zhangsheng
Published: June 2023

We study constant mean curvature hypersurfaces constructed over the fiber

M

n

of warped products

I

×

f

M

n

. In this setting, assuming that the sign of the angle function does not changed along the hypersurfaces, we infer the uniqueness of such hypersurfaces by applying a parabolicity criterion. As an application, we get some Bernstein type theorems.
Molecular Detection of Pathogenic Leptospira sp. in Cetaceans from the Brazilian Coast
Authors: Torres Felipe D’Azeredo , Borges Ana Luiza dos Santos Baptista , Castilho Pedro Volkmer de , Kolesnikovas Cristiane , Domit Camila , dos Santos Jonathas , Bonfim Waltyane Alves Gomes , Carvalho Vitor Luz , Barbosa Carla Beatriz , Ribeiro Vanessa Lanes , Carvalho-Costa Filipe Anibal , Di Azevedo Maria Isabel Nogueira , Lilenbaum Walter
Published: June 2023

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis with ubiquitous distribution caused by spirochetes belonging to the genus Leptospira sp., endemic mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and capable of infecting domestic animals, free-living animals, and humans. Although well documented in terrestrial animals and humans, little information is available on its distribution and impact on marine animals. There are few studies assessing cetaceans’ health status, and even scarcer are those focused on leptospirosis research. In this context, considering the One Health approach, the present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of pathogenic Leptospira sp. in cetaceans on the Brazilian coast. Kidneys of 142 cetaceans belonging to 19 species were collected. DNA was extracted, and the diagnosis was performed by LipL32-polymerase chain reaction. Genetic characterization was conducted based on secY gene sequencing. Pathogenic Leptospira sp. DNA was detected in 14.8% (21/142) of the tested cetaceans, with coastal species presenting a significantly higher frequency (p-value = 0.03) of infected individuals (25%, 17/68) than oceanic species (7.5%, 4/53). It was possible to amplify and sequence three strains (one for Sotalia guianensis, one for Stenella clymene, and one for Pontoporia blainvillei), all of them identified as Leptospira interrogans, with high similarity with sequences from Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup. Phylogenetic analysis revealed sequences from the present study grouped in species-specific unique clusters but very close to pinnipeds in the same area, evidencing the presence of two distinct haplotypes circulating on marine mammals in the region. We could demonstrate that cetaceans can act as carriers of pathogenic leptospires. Moreover, the proximity with anthropogenic areas could play an important role in leptospirosis’ dynamics of transmission in a One Health context.
Effect of Crumb Rubber on the Moisture and Rutting Behavior of Low-Energy Asphalt and Determining the Best Flow Number Model
Authors: Moghimi Saeid , Shafabakhsh Gholamali , Divandari Hassan
Published: June 2023

The advancement of technology and the increasing growth of environmental threats have led experts in the field of transportation to find alternatives for hot mix asphalts (HMAs). One of these alternatives is low-energy asphalt (LEA) mixtures. LEA mixture consists of hot asphalt binder and coarse aggregates and wet sand, which, having a lower mixing temperature, has caused a significant reduction in energy consumption and pollutants emitted from asphalt binder. According to previous studies, the influence of crumb rubber (CR) on the rutting and moisture performances of LEAs has not been investigated so far. In this regard, due to the softness of this type of asphalt mixture and its weakness against rutting and moisture, in this study, as an innovation, CR was used to modify LEA mixtures in three weight percentages of 10, 15, and 20. Considering the high moisture sensitivity of LEA mixtures due to the presence of water, the ability of CR to overcome this weakness and its potential to be replaced with antistriping additives were also investigated using the indirect tensile strength (ITS) test. In addition, in order to evaluate the rutting resistance, LEA mixtures were subjected to the dynamic creep test at a temperature of 54.4°C and at two stress levels of 270 and 310 kPa. According to ITS test results, it was found that although the modified LEA mixtures with 10 and 15% CR met the minimum requirement, the tensile strength ratio (TSR) value recorded for mentioned mixtures was still lower than that for HMA. Therefore, it is recommended to use antistripping additives in the use of LEA-containing CR, especially in areas with a high probability of moisture damage. The results of creep curves and flow numbers (FNs) extracted from four different models of three-stage, Fnest, Francken, and stepwise showed that although the LEA sample without additive had lower rutting resistance than HMA, the modification of this mixture to 15% CR significantly increased the rutting resistance. Moreover, considering the variety of variables in the process of making LEA compared to HMA, the comparison of FN determination models and the introduction of the most stable model were conducted in this research. According to the laboratory and statistical analysis results, it was found that the Francken model had less sensitivity to the variables, so it is suggested to determine FN for LEA mixtures.
Supplementary Table S3 from Targeting BET Proteins Downregulates miR-33a To Promote Synergy with PIM Inhibitors in CMML
Authors: Letson Christopher T. , Balasis Maria E. , Newman Hannah , Binder Moritz , Vedder Alexis , Kinose Fumi , Ball Markus , Kruer Traci , Quintana Ariel , Lasho Terra L. , Finke Christy M. , Almada Luciana L. , Grants Jennifer M. , Zhang Guolin , Fernandez-Zapico Martin E. , Gaspar-Maia Alexandre , Lancet Jeffrey , Komrokji Rami , Haura Eric , Sallman David A. , Reuther Gary W. , Karsan Aly , Rix Uwe , Patnaik Mrinal M. , Padron Eric
Published: June 2023

Patient characteristics for CFA and PDX experiments
Supplementary Figure S6 from Targeting BET Proteins Downregulates miR-33a To Promote Synergy with PIM Inhibitors in CMML
Authors: Letson Christopher T. , Balasis Maria E. , Newman Hannah , Binder Moritz , Vedder Alexis , Kinose Fumi , Ball Markus , Kruer Traci , Quintana Ariel , Lasho Terra L. , Finke Christy M. , Almada Luciana L. , Grants Jennifer M. , Zhang Guolin , Fernandez-Zapico Martin E. , Gaspar-Maia Alexandre , Lancet Jeffrey , Komrokji Rami , Haura Eric , Sallman David A. , Reuther Gary W. , Karsan Aly , Rix Uwe , Patnaik Mrinal M. , Padron Eric
Published: June 2023

Supplemental Figure 6 shows PIM1 levels after increasing concentrations of BETi
Supplementary Figure S2 from Targeting BET Proteins Downregulates miR-33a To Promote Synergy with PIM Inhibitors in CMML
Authors: Letson Christopher T. , Balasis Maria E. , Newman Hannah , Binder Moritz , Vedder Alexis , Kinose Fumi , Ball Markus , Kruer Traci , Quintana Ariel , Lasho Terra L. , Finke Christy M. , Almada Luciana L. , Grants Jennifer M. , Zhang Guolin , Fernandez-Zapico Martin E. , Gaspar-Maia Alexandre , Lancet Jeffrey , Komrokji Rami , Haura Eric , Sallman David A. , Reuther Gary W. , Karsan Aly , Rix Uwe , Patnaik Mrinal M. , Padron Eric
Published: June 2023

Supplemental Figure 2 shows PIM1 levels over time, GSEA data demonstrating increased PIM expression and Western blot images of PIM isoforms in all other cell lines
Supplementary Figure S13 from Autocrine 17-β-Estradiol/Estrogen Receptor-α Loop Determines the Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Anobile Dario P. , Salaroglio Iris C. , Tabbò Fabrizio , La Vecchia Sofia , Akman Muhlis , Napoli Francesca , Bungaro Maristella , Benso Federica , Aldieri Elisabetta , Bironzo Paolo , Kopecka Joanna , Passiglia Francesco , Righi Luisella , Novello Silvia , Scagliotti Giorgio V. , Riganti Chiara
Published: June 2023

Switch-off/on EGFR activity in NCI-H1385 cells.
a. Experimental scheme: Low EGFR activitywild-type NCI-H1385 cells were knocked-out (KO) for endogenous EGFR by a CRISPR/Cas vector, then stably transfected with an expression vector encoding L858R EGFR. b. Immunoblot of EGFR in wild-type (wt) NCI-H1385 cells and in clones subjected to two (#1, #2) EGFR-CRISPR/Cas vectors. Tubulin is included as control of equal protein loading. The image is representative of one of three experiments. c. L858R EGFR mRNA levels in wt NCI-H1385 cells and in cells stably transfected with the L858R EGFR-expression vector, measured by RT-PCR (technical triplicates). Data are means + SD (n=3, biological replicates). ***p<0.001: L858R cells versus wt cells (ANOVA). d. Immunoblot of EGFR in wt and L858R NCI-H1385 cells. Tubulin is included as control of equal protein loading. The image is representative of one of three experiments. e. EGFR kinase activity, measured in wt and L858R NCI-H1385 cells by a chemiluminescence-based assay in technical duplicates. Data are means+SD (n=3, biological replicates). ***p<0.001: L858R cells versus wt cells (ANOVA).
Data from Antitumor Efficacy of the Novel KIT Inhibitor IDRX-42 (Formerly M4205) in Patient- and Cell Line–Derived Xenograft Models of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST)
Authors: De Sutter Luna , Wozniak Agnieszka , Verreet Jasper , Vanleeuw Ulla , De Cock Lore , Linde Nina , Drechsler Christine , Esdar Christina , Sciot Raf , Schöffski Patrick
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurpose:
The majority of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are driven by constitutively activated KIT/PDGFRA kinases and are susceptible to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. During treatment, most of these tumors will develop secondary mutations in KIT or PDGFRA inducing drug resistance, so there is an unmet need for novel therapies. We tested the efficacy of IDRX-42, a novel selective KIT inhibitor with high activity toward the most relevant KIT mutations, in 4 GIST xenograft models.
Experimental Design:
NMRI nu/nu mice were transplanted with patient-derived GIST xenograft models UZLX-GIST9 (KIT:p.P577del;W557LfsX5;D820G), UZLX-GIST2B (KIT:p.A502_Y503dup), UZLX-GIST25 (KIT:p.K642E), and the cell line–derived model GIST882 (KIT:p.K642E). Mice were treated daily with vehicle (control), imatinib (100 mg/kg), sunitinib (20 mg/kg), avapritinib (5 mg/kg), or IDRX-42 (10 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg). Efficacy was assessed by tumor volume evolution, histopathology, grading of histologic response, and IHC. The Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon matched-pairs tests were used for statistical analysis, with P < 0.05 considered as significant.
Results:
IDRX-42 (25 mg/kg) caused tumor volume shrinkage in UZLX-GIST25, GIST882, and UZLX-GIST2B, with a relative decrease to 45.6%, 57.3%, and 35.1% on the last day as compared with baseline, and tumor growth delay (160.9%) compared with control in UZLX-GIST9. Compared with controls, IDRX-42 (25 mg/kg) induced a significant decrease in mitosis. In UZLX-GIST25 and GIST882 grade 2–4 histologic response with myxoid degeneration was observed in all IDRX-42 (25 mg/kg)-treated tumors.
Conclusions:
IDRX-42 showed significant antitumor activity in patient- and cell line–derived GIST xenograft models. The novel kinase inhibitor induced volumetric responses, decreased mitotic activity, and had antiproliferative effects. In models with KIT exon 13 mutation IDRX-42 induced characteristic myxoid degeneration.
Data from Immunogenomic Landscape of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer
Authors: Bhinder Bhavneet , Ferguson Alison , Sigouros Michael , Uppal Manik , Elsaeed Ahmed G. , Bareja Rohan , Alnajar Hussein , Eng Kenneth Wha , Conteduca Vincenza , Sboner Andrea , Mosquera Juan Miguel , Elemento Olivier , Beltran Himisha
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurpose:
Patients with neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) are often managed with immunotherapy regimens extrapolated from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). We sought to evaluate the tumor immune landscape of NEPC compared with other prostate cancer types and SCLC.
Experimental Design:
In this retrospective study, a cohort of 170 patients with 230 RNA-sequencing and 104 matched whole-exome sequencing data were analyzed. Differences in immune and stromal constituents, frequency of genomic alterations, and associations with outcomes were evaluated.
Results:
In our cohort, 36% of the prostate tumors were identified as CD8+ T-cell inflamed, whereas the remaining 64% were T-cell depleted. T-cell–inflamed tumors were enriched in anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages and exhausted T cells and associated with shorter overall survival relative to T-cell–depleted tumors (HR, 2.62; P < 0.05). Among all prostate cancer types in the cohort, NEPC was identified to be the most immune depleted, wherein only 9 out of the 36 total NEPC tumors were classified as T-cell inflamed. These inflamed NEPC cases were enriched in IFN gamma signaling and PD-1 signaling compared with other NEPC tumors. Comparison of NEPC with SCLC revealed that NEPC had poor immune content and less mutations compared with SCLC, but expression of checkpoint genes PD-L1 and CTLA-4 was comparable between NEPC and SCLC.
Conclusions:
NEPC is characterized by a relatively immune-depleted tumor immune microenvironment compared with other primary and metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma except in a minority of cases. These findings may inform development of immunotherapy strategies for patients with advanced prostate cancer.