bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution: optimized atomic hydrogen desorption via free-electron transfer in sulfur-rich MoWS2+x on vacancy-engineered CdS crystals
Authors: Fei Ruiding , Zhao Jianfeng , Wang Huinan , Lin Huijuan , Xu Kui , Zeng Guang , Wang Wenchao , Yan Zhiping
Published: November 2024

The metal substitution method and in situ sulfur vacancy method synergistically increase carrier density, create electron-rich sites, weaken the S–Hads bond, and enhance hydrogen evolution in MoWS2+x/CdSv photocatalysts across the UV-vis-NIR region.
H2O2-activated mitochondria-targeting photosensitizer for fluorescence imaging-guided combination photodynamic and radiotherapy
Authors: Tian Qiufen , Zhu Zifan , Feng Yun , Zhao Shirui , Lin Hui , Zhang Wen , Xu Zhiai
Published: November 2024

A H2O2-responsive photosensitizer CyBT which could be activated by the upregulated H2O2 induced by radiotherapy was developed to enable near-infrared fluorescence imaging-guided combination photodynamic and radiotherapy.
Rational design of NiMoO4/carbon nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitors: an in situ carbon incorporation approach
Authors: Yuvaraja Raji , Sarathkumar Sankar , Gowsalya Venkatesan , Anitha Juliet Sorna Pandian , Veeralakshmi Selvakumar , Kalaiselvam Siva , Gunasekar Gunniya Hariyanandam , Nehru Selvan
Published: November 2024

One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of a NiMoO4/carbon (D50) nanocomposite with optimal dextrose-derived carbon boosts supercapacitor performance by enhancing both structural and electrical properties.
Semitransparent organic and perovskite photovoltaics for agrivoltaic applications
Authors: Kim Souk Y. , Rayes Noura , Kemanian Armen R. , Gomez Enrique D. , Doumon Nutifafa Y.
Published: November 2024

Combining agriculture and solar energy offers a promising solution for communities to support their food needs sustainably. Organic and perovskite semitransparent photovoltaics can be potential game changers in agrivoltaics applications.
Design and fabrication of PCF‐based terahertz sensor for breast cancer cell detection
Authors: Noor Khalid Sifulla , Bani Most. Momtahina , Ferdous A. H. M. Iftekharul
Published: November 2024

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that is common in women worldwide, which emphasises its significance in identification with preventative treatment methods. The invented Photonic Crystal Fibre (PCF) exhibits outstanding performance in detecting Breast Cancer. The suggested model of the authors includes Hybrid layout within clad surface alongside Square Core. Introduced PCF detector exhibits max Relative Sensitivity (RS) of 96.82% as well 96.74% for breast cancer cell MCF‐7 as well MDA‐MB‐231 correspondingly. The authors also investigated the Confinement Loss of 1.642 × 10−10 dB/m, 2.461 × 10−10 dB/m with Effective Material Loss of 0.0473, 0.0565 cm−1 for the mentioned cells. Increased outcomes, customised therapy, plus quick action are made possible by swift identification in breast carcinoma. Timely malignancy detection reduces requirements to severe therapy by enabling simpler medicines. Additionally, making continuous illness detection easier, improving patient treatment. Furthermore, reliable evaluation contributes for investigating advancements that improve worldwide recognition as well as therapy alternatives. The introduced PCF Perhaps crucial in quick identification of these deadly cells as it has an extraordinary sensing ability. In conclusion, it has numerous possibilities in the healthcare sector.
Towards a complete census of luminous Compton-thick active galactic nuclei in the Local Universe
Authors: Akylas A. , Georgantopoulos I. , Gandhi P. , Boorman P. , Greenwell C. L.
Published: November 2024

X-ray surveys provide the most efficient means for the detection of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, they do face difficulties in detecting the most heavily obscured Compton-thick AGNs. The BAT detector on board the Gehrels/Swift mission, operating in the very hard 14–195 keV band, has provided the largest samples of Compton-thick AGN in the Local Universe. However, even these flux-limited samples may miss the most obscured sources among the Compton-thick AGN population. A robust way to find these local sources is to systematically study volume-limited AGN samples detected in the IR or the optical part of the spectrum. Here, we utilise a local sample (< 100 Mpc) of mid-IR-selected AGNs, unbiased against obscuration, to determine the fraction of Compton-thick sources in the Local Universe. When available, we acquired X-ray spectral information for the sources in our sample from previously published studies. In addition, to maximise the X-ray spectral information for the sources in our sample, we analysed eleven unexplored XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations, for the first time. In this way, we identified four new Compton-thick sources. Our results reveal an increased fraction of Compton-thick AGNs among the sources that have not been detected by BAT of 44%. Overall, we have estimated a 25–30% share of Compton-thick sources in the Local Universe among mid-IR-selected AGNs. We find no evidence for any evolution of the AGN Compton-thick fraction with luminosity.
Dynamics of star associations in an SMBH–IMBH system
Authors: Pavlík Václav , Karas Vladimír , Bhat Bhavana , Peißker Florian , Eckart Andreas
Published: November 2024

Context. The existence of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) still poses challenges to theoretical and observational astronomers. Several candidates have been proposed, including the one in the IRS13 cluster in the Galactic centre, where the evidence is based on the velocity dispersion of its members; however, none have been confirmed to date.

Aims. We aim to gain insights into the presence of an IMBH in the Galactic centre through a numerical study of the dynamical interplay between an IMBH and star clusters (SCs) in the vicinity of a supermassive black hole (SMBH).

Methods. We used high-precision N-body models of IRS13-like SCs in the Galactic centre, and of more massive SCs that fall into the centre of the Galaxy from larger distances.

Results. We find that at IRS13’s physical distance of 0.4 pc, an IRS13-sized SC cannot remain gravitationally bound even if it contains an IMBH of thousands of M⊙. Thus, IRS13 appears to be an incidental present-day clumping of stars. Furthermore, we show that the velocity dispersion of tidally disrupted SCs (the likely origin of IRS13) can be fully accounted for by the tidal forces of the central SMBH; the IMBH’s influence is not essential.
Sulfur-bearing molecules in a sample of early star-forming cores
Authors: Martinez N. C. , Paron S. , Ortega M. E. , Petriella A. , Álamo A. , Brook M. , Carballo C. , Heberling T.
Published: November 2024

Aims. The sulfur content in dense molecular regions is highly depleted in comparison to diffuse clouds. The reason for this phenomenon is unclear, and it is therefore necessary to carry out observational studies of sulfur-bearing species toward dense regions, mainly in early evolution stages. In this context, the analysis of sulfur-bearing molecules in a large sample of dense starless molecular cores is of great importance to help us uncover the early sulfur chemistry in these regions.

Methods. From the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) data archive, we selected a project in Band 7 (275-373 GHz), which contains the emission of several sulfur-bearing species. The observations were performed toward a sample of 37 dense cores that are embedded in the most massive infrared-quiet molecular clumps from the ATLASGAL survey. The lines of 34SO, SO2, NS, SO, SO+, and H2CS were analyzed, and the column densities of each molecular species were obtained. Based on the continuum emission and two CH3OH lines, the 37 cores were characterized in density and temperature, and the corresponding H2 column densities were derived. The abundances of these sulfur-bearing species were derived and studied.

Results. We find that the abundances of the analyzed sulfur-bearing species increase with increasing gas temperature. Based on the correlation between abundances and temperature, we suggest that the chemistry involved in the formation of each of the analyzed molecules may similarly depend on Tk in the range 20–100 K. Additionally, we find that the comparisons among abundances are highly correlated in general. Taking into account that this correlation decreases in more evolved sources, we suggest that the sulfur-bearing species we analyzed have a similar chemical origin. Our observational results show that the X(SO2)/X(SO) ratio can be used as a chemical clock of molecular cores. Based on the line widths of the molecular lines, we point out that molecules with an oxygen content (34SO, SO2, SO, and SO+) may be associated with warmer and more turbulent gas than the other molecules. H2CS and NS are associated with more quiescent gas, probably in the external envelopes of the cores, which trace similar physical and chemical conditions. We complement recent similar works done toward more evolved sources with a large sample of sources, but also provide quantitative information about abundances that might be useful in chemical models for explaining the sulfur chemistry in the interstellar medium.
Environmental Impact Assessment of Biofuel Production: A Life Cycle Analysis of Key Indicators and Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Usanova Kseniia Iurevna , Siri Dharmapuri , Rao Peram Kondala , Chhetri Abhishek , Sudan Prerak , Sharma Prabhat , Kumar Raman
Published: November 2024

This research analyzes the environmental impacts of biofuel production through a life cycle assessment (LCA), focusing particularly on ten fundamental elements. Studies indicate that the production of biofuels has had a notable effect on several aspects: the possibility of depletion of non-renewable resources (22.34 kg eq Sb), the capacity for acidification (14.23 kg eq SO₂), the likelihood of eutrophication (4.1 kg eq PO₄³⁻), and the impact on global warming (2400 kg eq CO₂). Notable progress has been made in the treatment of fuels, the cultivation of natural resources, and the use of diesel. The danger that can affect humanity is quite considerable, reaching a total of 3100.5 kilograms of 1,4- difluorobenzene equivalent, primarily resulting from the significant impact of fuel conversion, which amounts to 1400 kilograms. Five hundred kilograms. The influence of ocean environmental toxicity is significant, reaching 210,000 kilograms of 1,4-difluorobenzene equivalent, mostly originating from fuel manufacturing and the agriculture of raw materials. Although biofuels have a lower environmental impact than fossil fuels in terms of global warming, they still face challenges such as acidification, eutrophication, and toxicity. It is proposed to employ environmentally friendly agricultural techniques, implement precision agriculture, and incorporate renewable energies to mitigate these impacts and enhance the ecological advantages of biofuel production.
Carbon Capture and Storage Optimization with Machine Learning using an ANN model
Authors: Kotov Evgeny Vladimirovich , Sravanthi Jajimoggala , Logabiraman Govardhan , Dhall Himanshu , Chandna Manisha , Madan Praney , Sharma Vishal
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of predictions regarding the work capacity of CO2 and the selectivity of MOF, using machine learning methodologies in relation to CO2/N2. A dataset was used that includes numerous characteristics of MOFs for the development of a neural network model. The factors that determined the operational capacity of CO2 and the CO2/N2 selectivity included pore size, surface area, chemical composition, among others. The model demonstrated its work capacity by evaluating the selectivity of CO2; the mean absolute errors for the CO2/N2 selectivity were 25 and 0.8 mmol/g, respectively. The correlation Analysis showed a fairly negative correlation (-0.014) between the operational capacity of CO2 and its chemical makeup and a very positive correlation ( 0.029) between the surface area and amount of pore size. Thus, the gas absorbability is not top-dependent exclusively; pore size and surface area of a material contribute to the capacity as well. More research should be carried out to evaluate a machine learning capability on predicting the nature of different Flow Object Models (MOFs) with an aim of increasing efficiency, precision and dependability of the models.
Nano technology - Infused Azolla Manure: Improving Rice Stem Thickness in Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: M Ishwarya Niranjana , I Jeya Daisy , M D Saranya , K Gayathree , Chandramauli Awadhesh , Singh Raminder
Published: November 2024

Nano materials were integrated into the Azolla manure to enhance its nutrient delivery and promote a more efficient chemical reaction in the soil, improving plant growth. The experiment was conducted over a 2500 square feet area, with two groups: Group 1 utilizing nano-enhanced Azolla manure and Group 2 using traditional Goat manure. Each group contained 20 samples, for a total of 40 samples. The G-power calculation indicated a sample size with 85% power and a 90% confidence interval, and SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results revealed that the nano-enhanced Azolla manure significantly increased stem diameter, with a maximum recorded value of 4.3mm per plant after 120-145 days, compared to 3.4mm in the Goat manure group. This difference was statistically significant, with a p-value of 0.0026 (p < 0.05). The improved performance of the nano-enhanced Azolla manure is attributed to the optimized nutrient absorption and enhanced chemical interactions facilitated by the nano materials. These findings suggest that nano-enhanced Azolla manure could serve as a superior organic fertilizer, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional fertilizers like Goat manure, and holds considerable potential for improving the mechanical properties of rice crops, particularly stem growth, in agricultural applications.
Study on the effect of ZnO nanoparticles embedded ramie fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composite – A novel material for sustainable development
Authors: Krishnasamy Elavarasan , Iyyanar Saranraj , Munusamy Vinayagamoorthy , SD Priya , Fallah Mohammed H. , Singh Karanpal
Published: November 2024

This study explores the potential of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles as fillers in ramie fiber reinforced epoxy composites to develop materials that align with sustainable development goals. We systematically varied the ZnO nanoparticle content across three distinct samples are 5g, 10g, and 15g to investigate their effects on the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites. Mechanical testing included tensile, flexural, and impact strength assessments, while thermal stability was evaluated through thermal analysis. Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was employed to analyze the microstructural changes induced by varying nanoparticle concentrations. Preliminary results indicate that increasing the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles enhances both the thermal stability and mechanical strength of the composites, suggesting a reinforcing effect in the polymer matrix. The 15g sample displayed the most significant improvement in performance, confirming the potential of ZnO nanoparticles to create more durable and thermally stable materials.
Efficient desulfurization of light crude oil using MOF and its composite
Authors: Goyal Sonali , Kukretee Nupur , Nayak Arunima , Bhushan Brij
Published: November 2024

High sulfur content in petroleum fuels is a critical concern due to its significant contribution to environmental pollution through the formation of sulfur oxides during combustion. These sulfur compound not only degrade the quality of the fuel and quantity of finished petrochemical products, but also adversely affect the environment and damage equipment, tanks and pipelines. To address these issues and meet the rising need for both cleaner fuels and high-valued petrochemical products, desulphurization has become a key focus in crude oil refining. In this study, a MOF composite, ZIF-8/Co with montmorillonite clay was fabricated and tested for the desulfurization of light crude oil (LCO). For the first time, this composite adsorbent was applied to real crude oil system, achieving an impressive sulfur removal efficiency of 58.9%. The use of a green synthesis method further emphasizes the sustainability and cost effectiveness of this approach, presenting a promising advancement in crude oil desulfurization technology.
Silver Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
Authors: Mahajan Shriya , Soni Ishika , Sharma Nidhi , Singla Tara , Saxena Anil Kumar , Sateesh N. , Jetly Mahesh , Hussain Laeth
Published: November 2024

This work provides a thorough examination of the biological impacts of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via in vitro and in vivo investigations. In vitro tests demonstrated a concentration- dependent reduction in cell viability, decreasing from 90% at 5 µg/mL to 50% at 25 µg/mL, with a substantial rise in reactive oxygen species (ROS) from 20% to 80%. The data indicate that AgNPs may possess cytotoxic effects. Moreover, apoptosis rates escalated from 5% to 18% with increasing doses of AgNP. In vivo investigations revealed significant alterations in hematological parameters, including a decrease in hemoglobin concentrations (from 15 g/dL to 11 g/dL), an elevation in white blood cell counts (from 8 x10³/µL to 12 x10³/µL), and a drop in platelet counts (from 250 x10³/µL to 200 x10³/µL) corresponding to escalating AgNP dosages. Histological studies demonstrated dose-dependent changes in organ tissues, especially the liver, with scores escalating from two to six. Tumor size reductions of 20%, 40%, and 60% were seen with low, medium, and high dosages of AgNPs, respectively. These results underscore the promise of AgNPs for biological applications, especially in tumor therapy. Nonetheless, comprehensive safety evaluations and accurate dosage optimization are required prior to their clinical use. This work highlights the potential biological uses of AgNPs while stressing the need of meticulous evaluation to guarantee their safe and effective incorporation into medical procedures.
A comprehensive review on the potential of copper spinel ferrite for gas sensing application
Authors: Soni Himanshi , Acevedo Roberto , Singh Nammrta , Sharma Pushpender , Ajzan Zaid
Published: November 2024

Copper spinel ferrite (CuFe₂O₄) is a promising material for the gas sensing due to its unique structural, electrical, and catalytic properties. This review focuses on the gas sensing capabilities of copper ferrite. Copper ferrite’s inverse spinel structure, rich in oxygen vacancies and flexible cation distribution, enables effective gas adsorption, making it highly sensitive to reducing and oxidizing gases. Various synthesis methods, determines the material’s particle size, morphology, and surface area, which are essential for optimizing gas sensing performance. Doping with the transition metals like nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) significantly enhances the material’s sensitivity, selectivity, response time, and operating temperature by increasing oxygen vacancies and improving charge transport. However, challenges remain, including high operating temperatures, cross-sensitivity to humidity, and long recovery times. Future research directions focus on lowering the operating temperature, improving selectivity, enhancing humidity tolerance, and developing nanostructured and surface-functionalized copper ferrite sensors. Furthermore, the integration of copper ferrite sensors into wearable and IoT devices, as well as field testing in real-world applications, presents exciting opportunities for expanding their use in environmental monitoring. This review highlights the current advancements in gas sensors and suggests potential strategies for overcoming existing limitations, paving the way for next-generation gas sensing technologies.
A comprehensive review on the synthesis routes, properties and potential applications of ZnFe2O4 ferrites
Authors: Bhattu Monika , Acevedo Roberto , Shnain A.H.
Published: November 2024

Zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄) is a prominent spinel-type ferrite that has received significant attention over the recent years. This comprehensive review delves into the various synthesis routes employed to produce ZnFe₂O₄ ferrites, including traditional ceramic methods, sol-gel techniques, co-precipitation, and hydrothermal synthesis, among others. Each method’s advantages and limitations are deliberated, with a weight on controlling size of the particle, morphology, and crystallinity to enhance material performance. The review further explores the intrinsic properties of ZnFe₂O₄, focusing on its magnetic behaviour, dielectric properties, and structural stability under varying conditions. The material’s potential applications are broad, spanning catalysis, energy storage, gas sensing, and biomedical uses like, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and drug delivery. Additionally, the environmental applications of ZnFe₂O₄, particularly in photocatalysis and wastewater treatment, are highlighted. Future research directions are proposed, aiming at optimizing synthesis conditions to tailor specific properties for advanced applications, particularly in nanotechnology and sustainable energy solutions.
Hypoxia Stress-Induced miRNAs: A Comprehensive Enrichment Analysis in High-Altitude Livestock
Authors: Kumar Shubham , Singh Jasdeep , Swati  , Nancy
Published: November 2024

MicroRNAs are short (~22 nucleotides) endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to the 3’ UTRs of target mRNAs. Many cancer types demonstrate significantly altered miRNA expression profiles, highlighting their potential utility as diagnostic biomarkers for specific malignancies. Hypoxia, characterized by insufficient oxygen levels, triggers a diverse array of pathways at both cellular and organismal levels, ultimately restoring oxygen homeostasis. While physiological responses to hypoxia have been well-documented, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms at the cellular level remains under investigation. Additionally, reports on high-altitude hypoxia-associated miRNA regulation in livestock are notably limited, with no existing studies from India. In the present study, we identified differentially expressed miRNAs in response to high-altitude hypoxia in cattle, pigs, and yaks. 162 differentially expressed miRNAs were observed. Gene ontology enrichment analysis was conducted to find the target mRNA genes regulated by differentially expressed miRNA and a total of 141 mRNA putative targets were identified from them. A total of 2,162 miRNA-target interactions were predicted across four species: Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Bos taurus, and Sus scrofa. Three distinct online tools -TargetScanHuman, TarBase v8, and miRDB were employed to predict the target genes of selected differentially expressed miRNAs. The study concluded that miRNAs are critical for the adaptative responses of farm animals to high-altitude hypoxia.
Diffusion Dynamics of Rhodamine B Through Layered Silk Fibroin Hydrogels Reinforced with Polyethylene Terephthalate Nonwoven Textile
Authors: Lavanya C. , Vijayakumar Miryala , Saxena Anil Kumar , Dhawan Aashim , Kumar Manish , Sarpal Sumeet Singh , Sharma Ramica
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the kinetics of rhodamine B diffusion over a multilayer membrane composed of silk fibroin hydrogel and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nonwoven fabric. To evaluate the impact of varying membrane structure thicknesses on dye diffusion rate, we used 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 layers. The research indicated that the 32-layer membrane significantly slowed dye penetration. An initial linear release was seen until 2500 minutes, after which the rate of diffusion decelerated. Validation of the controlled diffusion behavior across the hydrogel layers was achieved by UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis, specifically targeting the absorbance peak at 554 nm of rhodamine B. The results of this study provide crucial insights for the advancement of hydrogel- based materials in sensor technologies, drug delivery approaches, and regulated dye release.
Influence of Nanoparticles on the Mechanical and Durability Properties of Concrete: A Microstructural Analysis
Authors: Trebukhin Anatoliy , Bindu O.S.D. Hima , Bindu Kotha Hima , Duklan Nitin , Raj Nimesh , Bhalla Anubhav , Sharma Sachin
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the effects on mechanical and durability properties of concrete by including nano-silica, nano- titanium dioxide, and nano-alumina. The concrete mixes included nanoparticles in a range of quantities, from 0.5% to 4% by cement weight. Several experimental tests were performed, including those for chloride permeability, workability, compressive strength, and flexural strength. Compressive strength increased to 40.5 MPa and chloride permeability decreased to 1000 Coulombs, indicating an improvement in durability, when the nano-silica content was found to be 3%. Nano-titanium dioxide and nano-alumina also shown a minor but noticeable improvement. A detailed SEM microstructural analysis demonstrates the formation of a dense and refined microstructure, lending credence to the claims of improved mechanical properties. Results show that adding nanoparticles to concrete, particularly nano-silica, increases its performance without reducing its strength or durability.
Effect of Recycled Concrete Aggregates, Sisal Fibres, and Carbon Nanofibres on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete
Authors: Vatin Nikolai Ivanovich , Mouli Kathi Chandra , Reddy S. Sai Satyanarayana , Dabral Upendra , Mahajan Sulabh , Khurana Sahil , Nancy
Published: November 2024

This research examines the mechanical properties of concrete by combining recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) with carbon nanofibers and natural sisal fibers, in place of natural aggregates. We created a variety of concrete mixtures with RCA content levels of0%,50%, and 100%, as well as varied fiber combinations. Some mixes included additional cementitious elements such as fly ash (FA) or silica fume (SF). Mechanical tests such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength were used to assess the performance. Findings shown that mechanical properties were significantly enhanced by using sisal and carbon nanofibers. Combine A9, which omitted RCA but included 1% sisal fiber and 0.2% carbon nanofibers, had the highest compressive strength (81.2 MPa), flexural strength (8.84 MPa), and split tensile strength (6.60 MPa). Using 100% RCA replacement (Mix C9) lowered the strength somewhat, however the mix still performed better than regular concrete. Based on the findings, RCA and sustainable fibers may be used into concrete to provide a greener alternative without compromising durability.
Optimizing Energy Distribution and Utilization in Multi-Building Complexes Using Effective Thermal Storage Systems and Renewable Energy Sharing
Authors: Vafaeva Khristina Maksudovna , Soujanya Rajireddy , Singh M.P. , Goyal Wamika , Sobti Sakshi , Kumar Harish
Published: November 2024

An increase in renewable energy sources and a subsequent need for more energy-efficient construction practices have prompted efforts to optimize energy distribution networks. Various building types, including residential, hotel, and hospital structures, may benefit from solar-based integrated energy systems (SIES) that include energy-sharing mechanisms and Effective Thermal Storage Systems (ETSS). This new approach is presented in the present research. In this paper a new optimization model is proposed that consider the correlation of energy storage system with fluctuating load demands of the building (BL). This theology makes it possible for any building with high energy demand in the day to trade excess power with another building which has low demand during the same time. From the simulation we get that grid power consumption is reduced from homes by 15%, hotels by 12% and hospitals by 18% through use of energy-sharing and Energy Transfer System (ETSS). Efficient energy redistribution management also helps increase the consumption of renewable resources by 20%. The proposed method led to a cumulative increase in the overall efficiency by 12% compared to the control strategy by optimizing the energy supply and demand in various sorts of buildings. Comparing our method with the previous work clearly shows that using the proposed approach yields better energy saving and higher usage of renewable energy sources because the method takes into consideration building plan and load profile. These results serve as a foundation for integrated energy systems of a smart city solution that incorporates ETSS and energy sharing.
Sustainable Nanotechnology in Stir-Cast Al Composites: Mechanical Performance in Energy Applications
Authors: Sathish S. , Prasad A.V.S Ram , Reddy G. Bharath , Kumar S. Naveen , Ram S. , Gehlot Anita , Singh Navjot
Published: November 2024

The integration of sustainable nanotechnology into aluminum composites offers significant potential for enhancing mechanical and tribological properties, particularly in energy-related applications. Aluminium alloys are extensively utilised in the aerospace and automotive industries. Due to its low density, superior mechanical characteristics, improved resistance to corrosion and wear, and lower thermal coefficient of expansion as compared to other metals and alloys, From a scientific and technological point of view, these materials are highly interesting applicants for a range of applications due to their good mechanical qualities and relatively low cost of manufacturing. Combining the advantageous qualities of metals and ceramics is the goal of producing metal matrix composite materials. The current research focuses on examining the behaviour of an aluminum cast alloy with a composite made of molybdenum disulphate using the stir casting method. Specimen obtained by the stir casting method were subjected to wear tests and hardness tests. The resultant composites demonstrated improved hardness and wear behavior, making them highly suitable for applications in energy sectors. This research emphasizes the role of sustainable nanotechnology in advancing aluminum-based materials for energy applications, contributing to both performance efficiency and environmental sustainability.
Combined Impact of SiC/TiB2 Nanoparticles in Friction Stir Welding of Different Aluminium Alloys
Authors: SP Kalaiselvan , Desikan Sriram , R Ramesh babu , K Ramanathan , Vijayakumar S. , Shah Sanjeev Kumar , Singh Varinder
Published: November 2024

In this work, Friction Stir Welding process was done on the dissimilar alloys AA8014 and AA2024, with focus on analysing mechanical properties such as tensile strength (UTS), hardness (BHN), and wear rate (WRT). The influence of SiC/TiB2 nanoparticles, with Wt% ranging from 2 to 8 wt%, was examined on the mechanical properties. The rotational speed (RS) was changed from 1200 rpm to 1400 rpm, while the welding speed was kept at a constant 150 mm/min throughout the process. The results specified that an increase in RS to 1400 rpm, combined with 8 wt% , improved the ultimate UTS to 239.4 MPa. SEM examination of the fractured surface revealed that micro dimples were produced at this higher rotational speed. This phenomenon is attributed to the more intense stirring action at 1400 rpm, which leads to turbulent material flow in the stir zone. The resulting turbulence could cause uneven particle distribution and entrap air or other voids, contributing to the formation of micro dimples in the weld nugget.
The Role of Nanoparticle Based Coating in Optimizing TIG Welding Parameters for EN31 Steel
Authors: Desikan Sriram , SP Kalaiselvan , R Ramesh Babu , K Ramanathan , Kumar P.S. Satheesh , Kumar Dinesh , Vijayakumar S.
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the optimization of process parameters in TIG welding of EN31 steel alloys, incorporating nano-enhanced materials to improve performance in sustainable manufacturing and energy-efficient applications. The three key input variables considered are welding current (CT), welding speed (WD), and gas flow rate (GF), while tensile strength (TS) and hardness (HS) are taken as output responses. The experiment was designed using the Central Composite Design (CCD) under the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) framework, with 20 experiments conducted. Nanoparticle (TiO2 & B4C) were coated with EN31 steel to enhance chemical reactions, improve weld quality, and promote energy efficiency. Results indicate that the optimal conditions for tensile strength (TS) were achieved at 120 Amps CT, 70 mm/min WD, and 11 lpm GF. For hardness (HS), the optimal conditions were 100 Amps CT, 70 mm/min WD, and 11 lpm GF. Analysis of variance revealed that the welding current (CT) significantly impacts both TS and HS, while the integration of nano materials further improved these mechanical properties by enhancing microstructural refinement and energy efficiency. The experimental data closely aligned with the normal probability plot, confirming the reliability of the results. This study highlights the potential of nano-enhanced TIG welding as a sustainable solution for improving the mechanical properties of steel alloys while promoting energy-efficient manufacturing practices
The Influence of TiO2/Si3N4 Nano-Particles on the wear Properties of Aluminium hybrid composites through stir casting process
Authors: Prasad T. Satya , Padal K T Balaram , Babu J. Ramesh , Arun K. K , Ramaswamy R. , Shikha
Published: November 2024

The Wear tests for Al-Zn alloys reinforced with TiO₂ and Si₃N₄ were conducted using the Pin-on-Disc method to estimate the wear rate under different load conditions, sliding distance, and reinforcement percentage. The time period for each test was kept constant at 10 minutes. The results presented that when the load of 30 N was applied with a sliding distance of 1000 m, the wear rate decreased to 0.00154 mm³/Nm. Nevertheless, as the load increased to 50 N and the sliding distance prolonged to 2000 m, the wear rate increased significantly to 0.00356 mm³/Nm. This increase in wear rate could be attributed to the combined belongings of developed load and longer sliding distances, lead to greater frictional heat generation at the sliding interface. Moreover, at load of 50 N and a sliding distance of 2000 m, with 6 wt% TiO₂ and 2 wt% Si₃N₄ reinforcement, the wear rate further increased to 0.00503 mm³/Nm. This suggested that the combination of raised load, extended sliding distance, and specific reinforcement percentages aggravated the wear due to intensified mechanical stress and heat buildup.
Study on the melt flow index of thermoplastic composites reinforced with nano-biofillers for the fabrication of FDM filaments
Authors: Kumar Ayush , Singh Luthra Balwant , Chohan J.S. , Alhadrawi Dilshad A.H. , Sharma Vaishali
Published: November 2024

Additive manufacturing (AM), also referred to as 3D printing, is a creative invention that has enormous potential in a variety of industries. One well-known AM technique that has gained popularity is fused deposition modeling (FDM). With this technology, complex geometries that are unattainable with conventional manufacturing techniques can be created. Still, polymer-infused substance are frequently employed in FDM; nonetheless, they are deficient in important attributes that would enable their usage in more extensive applications. This research examines the melt flow features of nano-biofiller i.e, pine wood powder (PWP) of size 1.5 × 105 nm reinforced with PLA pellets. 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% are the filler reinforcement weight percentages that are used during the experiment in PLA’s Melt Flow Index (MFI).
Investigations on melt flow index of nano bio fillers reinforced thermoplastic composites for fDM filament fabrication
Authors: Rai Sajal , Singh Balwant , Chohan J.S. , Alhadrawi Dilshad A.H. , Thakur Shruti
Published: November 2024

Three-Dimensional (3D) printing, is a creative manufacturing technique. Well-known additive manufacturing technique Fused deposition modelling (FDM), has seen an increase in ppopularity over the recent years due to its capability to make complex geometries that conventional production ways are unable to. Typically used materials in the fused deposition modelling are polymer based, however they do not have certain attributes that would allow them for usage in more extensive applications. Nano materials are used in 3d printing to improve novel functionalities. In the current research, we investigated the melt flow characteristics of a novel material to produce filament wire for uutilization in 3d printing mainly FDM applications. Different weight percentages of orange peel powder (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%) were reinforced with PLA pellets to produce a composite, study the composite’s melt flow properties. Out of all weight percentages 2% shows the best result than the neat PLA. The MFI’s test result clearly indicates that the value of MFI of PLA varied significantly based on the weight percentages of filler used as reinforcement.
Fluid flow, slag entrainment, and composition evolution of slag inclusions during vacuum degassing refining
Authors: Wang Jujin , Ye Zi , Zhang Lifeng
Published: November 2024

A multiphase mathematical model was established to study the fluid flow, the open-eye formation, and the residence time of slag inclusions in a bottom argon-blowing ladle. The fluid flow was solved using the Eulerian-Lagrangian multiphase approach, and the interface between different phases was described using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model. The motion of argon bubbles and slag inclusions was tracked with the method of the discrete phase model (DPM). Moreover, the composition transformation of slag inclusions was predicted by employing a kinetic model based on the coupled reactions model. Numerical results show that the flow of the molten steel and the open-eye of the molten slag were sensitive to the argon blowing rate. The larger argon blowing rate expanded the volume of the plume and the area of the open-eye. Slag droplets were considered to move with the steel to the region away from the open-eye and then entrained into the steel to form slag inclusions as there was barely any downward velocity around the open-eye. Most slag inclusions were able to be removed immediately after the entrainment, while there still were some slag inclusions retaining in the steel for as long as thousands of seconds. The composition of slag inclusions had an apparent transformation due to reactions with the steel. The content of SiO2 and MgO in slag inclusions had a decrease while that of Al2O3 rose remarkably. The variation of SiO2 content occurred in the early one minute and the MgO content reduced gradually from 7.34wt% to 1.12wt% in 10 min. The composition transformation of slag inclusions was basically completed within 10 min in the current case.
Optimization method of building energy efficiency design based on decomposition multi objective and agent assisted model
Authors: Bai Chaoqin , Yang Zhuoyue
Published: November 2024

In today's global climate crisis, energy-efficient building design is crucial for achieving energy efficiency, environmental sustainability, and resident well-being. However, traditional architectural design is difficult to solve complex multi-objective and multivariate optimization problems. To overcome these challenges, this study proposes a solution: a strategy that combines decomposed multi-objective and agent assisted modeling. The proposed method decomposes complex architectural design problems into multiple manageable sub problems, with each sub problem optimized for a specific design objective. This method effectively simplifies the problem structure, allowing each subproblem to explore its solution space more focused and in-depth. Meanwhile, by combining proxy assisted modeling and utilizing proxy models to approximate actual physical processes or performance evaluations, the computational cost is reduced and the optimization process is accelerated. This study indicates that the improved multi-objective backbone particle swarm optimization algorithm relies on adaptive perturbation factors, with an average measured super volume of 29311 for one bedroom buildings and 49504 for three bedroom buildings. For the same building type, the average volume measurements of the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm assisted by the decomposed surrogate model are 21153 and 40230, respectively. The proposed method effectively addresses complex multi-objective optimization problems in the field of building energy efficiency design, simplifies the problem structure, reduces computational costs through surrogate models, accelerates the optimization process, improves energy efficiency, and can support building construction to better cope with the challenges of climate change.
The Influence of Internal Control, Organizational Commitment, and Rule Compliance on Accounting Fraud Tendencies
Authors: Gunawan Barbara , Rizoan Nabiilah Taqiyyah
Published: November 2024

This study examines the effect of internal control, organizational commitment, and rule compliance on accounting fraud tendencies. The sample used is the Local Government Organization (OPD) employees of Musi Rawas Regency using purposive sampling techniques. With respondent criteria, Commitment Officers, Financial Administration Officers, Expenditure/Revenue Treasurers (for OPDs where there is a revenue treasurer), Assistant Treasurers, and Finance Staff at Local Government Organizations. This study used primary data, namely in the form of responses from respondents obtained through the distribution of questionnaires. This research tested the relationship between variables quantitatively with Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using the SmartPLS v.4. The research results show that internal control does not affect accounting fraud tendencies. At the same time, organizational commitment and rule compliance have a negative effect on accounting fraud tendencies.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Fraudulent Financial Statements: Pentagon Fraud Perspective and Managerial Ownership
Authors: Putra Wahyu Manuhara , Utami Budi Barata Kusuma , Islami Dian
Published: November 2024

Financial statement fraud poses a significant threat to the integrity of financial reporting and investor confidence so will become a threat to sustainability and business continuity. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence fraudulent financial statements from the perspective of the Pentagon fraud theory and managerial ownership. The fraud pentagon model consists of financial target, financial instability, independent commissioners, receivable related party transactions, debt related party transactions, change of auditor, change of directors, number of CEO photos and adding other variable managerial ownership. The population of this research is 108 companies on the IDX for the 2011-2020 period using a purposive sampling method. The sample consists of 54 fraud companies and 54 non-fraud companies. The research results prove that receivables related party transactions and changing auditors have positive effect on financial statement fraud. Meanwhile, the variables of financial target, financial instability, independent commissioner, debt related party transactions, change of directors, number of CEO photos and managerial ownership have no effect on financial report fraud.
Performance Optimization Through Belief System, Boundary Control System, Diagnostic Control, and Interactive Control System
Authors: Nazaruddin Ietje , Karuniawati Syolichah Dwi , Yani Indah
Published: November 2024

This study examines the effect of belief systems, boundary control systems, diagnostic control, and interactive control systems on performance. The permanent employees of the Regional Apparatus Organization in Ngawi Regency were the object and subject of this research. The study employed purposive sampling for its sampling. Primary data were collected by distributing questionnaires to 150 respondents. This study utilized SEM-PLS with SmartPLS v.4.0 software to test the data. Based on the findings, three hypotheses could be tested: diagnostic control had a longterm effect on performance, whereas belief systems, boundary control systems, and interactive control systems did not. Furthermore, by utilizing variables, the belief system, boundary control system, and interactive control system would positively impact performance. Consequently, the trust system, boundary control system, and interactive control system could enhance employee performance in Regional Apparatus Organizations.
The Role of Accountability as a Mediating Variable of Accounting Information System Quality on Financial and Non-Financial
Authors: Tahar Afrizal , Oktiyani Yona
Published: November 2024

This research aims to examine and obtain empirical evidence of the influence of the quality of accounting information systems on financial and non-financial performance in village government Wonosobo Regency. This research uses a strewardship theory approach as well as the thfeaeory from DeLone and McLean which is widely used to examine the process of adopting information technology. The sample used in this research is village government officials who understand the accounting information system and act as financial executors and technical executors. Data obtained from distributing Data obtained from distributing questionnaires were processed using Patrial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study indicate that the entire hypothesis is supported and accepted. The results of the study show that the quality of accounting information systems on financial performance, the quality of accounting information systems on non-financial performance, the quality of accounting information systems on accountability, accountability for financial performance, accountability for non-financial performance, the quality of accounting information systems on financial performance through accountability, and the quality of accounting information systems on non-financial performance through accountability has a significant positive relationship.
Exploration of Success Factors for MSME Business Assistance (Study of Yogyakarta MSMEs Participating in the ISDP Program by BSI)
Authors: Rusydina Rizka Mazaya , Abdurahim Ahim
Published: November 2024

This research aims to explore the factors that support the success of the 2022 ISDP MSME mentoring program, as well as efforts by the management of the 2022 ISDP MSME mentoring program to maintain the performance of MSMEs during and after the mentoring ends. The research method used is qualitative descriptive research to explore the factors that influencethe success of mentoring MSMEs. Data was obtained using interviews, observation, and documentation methods. Data analysis was carried out in four stages: relevance analysis, content analysis, correlation analysis, and triangulation. Informants were selected using purposive sampling and snowballing methods. Informants consisted of ISDP program managers and MSME mentoring participants. The research results show that the factors supporting the success of the “ISDP” MSME mentoring program consist of 4 factors: mentoring material that suits the needs of MSMEs, availability of mentoring funds or capital, routine monthly business assistance, and sustainability of MSME businesses. Apart from that, it was also found that efforts were made by the ISDP program to maintain the performance of MSMEs, namely by carrying out time management, building ukhuwah, and mapping participants.