bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Human-designated Antiretroviral (ARV) Drug Residues in Broiler Chicken, Domestic Pigs, and Animal Feeds in Tanzania
Authors: Kimera Zuhura , Shimo Peter , Ballandya Emmanuel , Matee Mecky Isaac , Adams Lisa
Published: September 2024

Background: Recent reports have indicated the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs to boost animal production in neighboring Uganda, with further reports of use in several African countries.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in nine districts in Tanzania, and involved screening for the presence of three first-line ARVs (lamivudine, nevirapine, and efavirenz) residues in the muscle and blood of domestic pigs and broiler chickens, and in sampled animal feed and water. Residues were determined using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method involved calibration of the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) and limit of detection (LOD). ARVs were detected and quantified using the Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) system.
Results: 131 (66.8%) of the 196 samples of muscle, blood, and animal feed were found to contain lamivudine residues, with the highest concentration detected in domestic pig blood and muscle (7.58mg/kg) and the lowest concentration (0.01 mg/kg) in broiler chicken feed. There was a significant relationship between the presence of lamivudine by sample type and sample origin (p=0.000). Nevirapine and efavirenz drugs were not detected in any of the collected samples. No ARV residues were detected in water samples (n=37).
Conclusion:This study confirms the use of ARVs in animal production in Tanzania as evidenced by the presence of residues in animal feeds. We found lamivudine residues in domestic pigs and broiler chickens at concentrations higher than those recently reported in other East African studies. Farmers living with HIV may be using ARVs from their prescribed medications, which may lead to poor adherence and the emergence of drug resistance. Besides direct human and animal health issues, these residues in animal feeds and animal excreta can lead to environmental contamination leading to several negative impacts. We recommend a total ban on human-designated ARVs in animal production and advocate for comprehensive studies and monitoring systems across African countries to reveal potential societal and other reasons for their use and provide comprehensive solutions using One Health approaches.
The Impact of Oil Prices on Import Demand in an Oil-Rich Country: A Multisectoral Bayesian Approach
Authors: Ozturk Ozcan , Canga Miranda
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the import demand function for Qatar across sixteen economic sectors. Using data from 2012 to 2022 and employing a Bayesian estimation approach, we derive precise elasticity estimates to quantify the impact of changes in import prices, national income, and oil prices on the demand for imports. The findings indicate that import demand in Qatar is predominantly price inelastic, with price elasticities ranging from − 0.079 to -0.21 across different sectors. This indicates that even substantial changes in import prices result in relatively small adjustments in the quantity of imports demanded. This suggests that Qatar heavily relies on imported goods with a few domestic alternatives. This reliance highlights the country’s vulnerability to global price fluctuations and the challenges in reducing imports through price mechanisms alone. Income elasticities, on the other hand, are highly elastic, ranging from 4.582 to 6.353 across all sectors. This suggests that as national income increases, import demand grows substantially across all sectors. Moreover, oil prices positively influence import demand in specific sectors such as Metals and Machinery/Electrical. This implies that higher oil prices, which often correlate with increased government revenues, lead to increased import demand in sectors tied to infrastructure and industrial development. However, this dependence on oil revenues also introduces a level of economic risk, as fluctuations in global oil prices can lead to volatility in import demand, potentially destabilizing these key sectors. These findings have significant policy implications for Qatar. The inelastic response to price changes suggests that price-based policies may be insufficient to control import volumes, necessitating more structural strategies, such as diversifying the economy and enhancing domestic production and supply chain resilience. Investment in local industries, especially in high-import sectors like Foodstuffs, Transportation, and Machinery/Electrical, could reduce reliance on imports and improve economic resilience. Moreover, the high-income elasticities highlight the need for robust infrastructure planning, particularly in logistics and port facilities, to accommodate the expected surge in import volumes as the economy grows. Finally, the strong link between oil prices and import demand in specific sectors emphasizes the necessity of reducing economic dependency on oil revenues. This could be achieved by promoting energy diversification, investing in renewable energy, and encouraging growth in non-oil sectors.
Label-free and TMT-labeled Proteomics Methods to Compare Differences
on Normal and Attached Livers of Glyptosternum maculatum
Authors: Sun Wu , Yan Yingying , Muhammad Zafarullah , Guo Yufeng , Zhang Guoqiang
Published: September 2024

Background:

The aim of this study is to compare the molecular differences between
the normal liver (NG) and attached liver (WG) of Glyptosternum maculatum (G. maculatum)
based on label-free and TMT-labeled proteomics data. It provides a theoretical basis for the adaptation of G. maculatum in the plateau area with low temperature and low oxygen

Methods:

The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of label-free and TMT-labeled proteomics
data were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and protein structural domain (PSD) enrichment, and protein network interactions
were constructed to reveal protein characteristics.

Results:

detected a total of 643 and 107 DEPs; 7
common DEPs (co-DEPs) were selected through PPI network information. Higher expression of
evm.model.chr5.73, evm.model.chr18.610, evm.model.chr10.1201, and HIF-1 signaling pathway
were associated with a hypoxic environment. evm.model.chr15.573, evm.model .chr5.320, evm.-
model.chr6.360, and evm.model.chr18.610 were associated with WG production. Significant expression of Ubiquitin-like protein 4A and Heat shock 70 kDa protein protects liver cells from injury in a hypothermic and hypoxic environment.

Conclusion:

In terms of the number of DEPs, the labelling-free method is superior to the TMT-labeled method. The TMT-labeled method is better in terms of repeatability and accuracy. The
myosin11 not only responds to low temperature and low oxygen but may also lead to WG production through Tight junctions. The NG may be more sensitive than WG in stress response to cancer
and viral infections.
A Novel Invasive Weed Optimization and its Variant for the Detection of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Saranya R.
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

This study intends to provide a novel Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) algorithm for the detection of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) from
ultrasound ovarian images. PCOS is an intricate anarchy described by hyperandrogenemia and irregular menstruation. Indian women are
increasingly finding reproductive disorders, namely PCOS.

Methods:

The women having PCOS grow more small follicles in their ovaries. The radiologists take a look into women's ovaries by use of ultrasound
scanning equipment to manually count the number of follicles and their size for fertility treatment. These may lead to error diagnosis.

Results:

This paper proposed an automatic follicle detection system for identifying PCOS in the ovary using IWO. The performance of IWO is improved in
Modified Invasive Weed Optimization (MIWO). This algorithm imitates the biological weeds' behavior. The MIWO is employed to obtain the
optimal threshold by maximizing the between-class variance of the modified Otsu method. The efficiency of the proposed method has been
compared with the well-known optimization technique called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and with IWO.

Conclusion:

Experimental results proved that the MIWO finds an optimal threshold higher than that of IWO and PSO.
Segmentation Synergy with a Dual U-Net and Federated Learning with CNNRF Models for Enhanced Brain Tumor Analysis
Authors: Kukreja Vinay , Dogra Ayush , Kaushal Rajesh Kumar , Mehta Shiva , Vats Satvik , Goyal Bhawna
Published: September 2024

Background:

Brain tumours represent a diagnostic challenge, especially in the imaging area, where the differentiation of normal and pathologic tissues should be
precise. The use of up-to-date machine learning techniques would be of great help in terms of brain tumor identification accuracy from MRI data.

Objective:

This research paper aims to check the efficiency of a federated learning method that joins two classifiers, such as convolutional neural networks
(CNNs) and random forests (R.F.F.), with dual U-Net segmentation for federated learning. This procedure benefits the image identification task on
preprocessed MRI scan pictures that have already been categorized.

Methods:

In addition to using a variety of datasets, federated learning was utilized to train the CNN-RF model while taking data privacy into account. The
processed MRI images with Median, Gaussian, and Wiener filters are used to filter out the noise level and make the feature extraction process easy
and efficient. The surgical part used a dual U-Net layout, and the performance assessment was based on precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy.

Results:

The model achieved excellent classification performance on local datasets as CRPs were high, from 91.28% to 95.52% for macro, micro, and
weighted averages. Throughout the process of federated averaging, the collective model outperformed by reaching 97% accuracy compared to
those of 99%, which were subjected to different clients. The correctness of how data is used helps the federated averaging method convert
individual model insights into a consistent global model while keeping all personal data private.

Conclusion:

The combined structure of the federated learning framework, CNN-RF hybrid model, and dual U-Net segmentation is a robust and privacypreserving
approach for identifying MRI images from brain tumors. The results of the present study exhibited that the technique is promising in
improving the quality of brain tumor categorization and provides a pathway for practical utilization in clinical settings.
Synthesis, Characterization, and In vitro and In Silico Studies of New Triazole Derivatives as Aromatase Inhibitors
Authors: Üzmez Zeynep Livanur , Osmaniye Derya , Özkay Yusuf , Kaplancıklı Zafer Asım
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women. Steroidal
or non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors (NSAIs) are used clinically, and in most cancer diseases,
resistance is the most important problem.

Method:

The nitrogenous heterocyclic ring is noteworthy in the structure of non-steroidal aromatase
inhibitors. This is the pharmacophore structure for aromatase inhibition. Because the enzyme
interacts with the Fe2+ cation of the HEM structure in its active site, the most used agents in the
clinic, such as anastrozole and letrozole, contain triazoles in their structures. Within the scope of
this study, hybrid compounds containing both imidazole and triazole were synthesized.

Result:

The synthesis was carried out by a 4-step reaction. The anticancer effects of the compounds
were evaluated by MTT assay performed on A549 and MCF-7 cancer cells. Compound 4d showed
anticancer activity against the MCF-7 cell line with IC50=6.7342 uM value. This compound exhibited
anticancer activity against the A549 cell line with an IC50 = 17.1761 μM. In the MTT test performed
on a healthy cell line to determine the cytotoxic effects of the compounds, the compound
showed activity with a value of 4d IC50=13.2088 uM. This indicates that the compound is not cytotoxic.
Additionally, BrdU analysis was performed to evaluate whether the compound inhibits DNA synthesis.
These selective effects of the compounds on breast cancer strengthened their aromatase enzyme
inhibitor potential. For this reason, experiments conducted with both in vitro and in silico
methods revealed a compound with high aromatase inhibitor potential.

Conclusion:

The interactions observed as a result of molecular docking and dynamics studies are in
harmony with activity studies. In particular, interactions with HEM600 demonstrate the activity
potential of the compound.
Exploring the Potential of Herbal Compounds as Autophagy Modulators in Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Yadav Ekta , Mandal Ashok Kumar , Sah Ajay Kumar , Poudel Sandesh , Pathak Prateek , Khalilullah Habibullah , Jaremko Mariusz , Emwas Abdul-Hamid , Yadav Pankajkumar , Verma Amita
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes atrophy
of brain cells, leading to their death, and has become a leading cause of death in aging
populations worldwide. AD is characterized by β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and tau phosphorylation
in neural tissues, but the precise pathophysiology of the disease is still obscure. Autophagy
is an evolutionarily targeted mechanism that is necessary for the elimination of neuronal and glial
misfolded proteins as well as proteins. It also plays an essential role in synaptic plasticity. The
aberrant autophagy primarily influences the process of aging and neurodegeneration. Autophagy
significantly influences how Aβ and tau function physiologically, therefore, atypical autophagy
is expected to perform an important role in Aβ deposition and tau phosphorylation characteristic
in the development of AD. Bioactive phytoconstituents could majorly contribute as a natural yet
effective alternative approach to slow down the progression of neurodegeneration and promote
the active aging process in elderly patients. Over the recent years, it is well evidenced that different
secondary metabolites including polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenes, and phenols exhibited
neuroprotective effects, and attenuated brain damage, and cognitive impairment in vitro as well
as in vivo. Additionally, the underlying mechanism of action shared by them is the regulation of
competent autophagy via the removal of aggregated protein and mitochondrial dysfunction. The
present article is structured as a reference for researchers keen to investigate and assess the new
natural compound-mediated therapeutic approach for AD treatment through the modulation of
autophagy.
Mathematical Modeling of Sorptive Extraction of Lithium Chloride from Lithium-containing Brine of the Aral Sea Region
Authors: Ulbekova М.М. , Tleuova S.Т. , Anarbayev А.А. , Pazylova D.Т. , Tileuberdi А.N.
Published: September 2024

Introduction

The article presents the results of chemical and physicochemical analysis of initial lithium-containing hydromineral raw materials and sorbent based on bentonite clay with titanium oxide addition.

Methods

It is established that the mineral is montmorillonite group and kaolinite according to the results of the analysis of the microstructure and elemental composition of bentonitic clay of the Darbazinsky deposit. Brine is characterized by the change of lithium chloride content in the range of 403- 1001 mg/l. Physical and mechanical characteristics of the obtained sorbents based on bentonite clay and titanium oxide additive are characterized by a high mechanical strength of 5.31 MPa, density of up to 2,6 g/cm3, and specific surface area of 1572 cm2/g. The technological parameters of sorption extraction of lithium chloride from lithium-containing hydromineral raw materials were optimized using the system analysis “STATISTICA” developed by StatSoft company. It is established that to increase the rate of lithium chloride extraction from brine, it is necessary to maintain the rate of brine flow within 8 l/min at maximum humidity of solution output up to 43g/m3 on the basis of the obtained volumetric graphical dependencies.

Results

The microstructure of the used sorbents with titanium oxide addition up to 20% is characterized by the predominance of lithium chlorides, which are represented by heap-shaped, prismatic crystals.

Conclusion

The maximum amount of lithium chloride in the form of clusters of light-white crystals of tabular shape on the surface of the sorbent is observed at increasing the content of titanium oxide up to 40%.
Examining the Concordance between ART and ERIN Methods in the Assessment of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dental Students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Feyzi Vafa , Komeili Abolfazl , Kumeleh Shiva Mohammadjani , Vahedi Hadis , Izadi Neda , Sahlabadi Ali Salehi
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Choosing the right method for assessing musculoskeletal disorders in work environments can be useful for identifying risk factors and preventing them. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the agreement between ART and ERIN methods in evaluating skeletal-muscular disorders in dentists.

Method

This cross-sectional study was conducted among 38 dental students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. In order to collect research data, ART and ERIN worksheets were used. Data were analyzed using Stata software (version 14). P<0.05 was considered a significant level for all statistical tests.

Results

The research population included 20 (52.63%) women and 18 (47.37%) men. The mean and standard deviation of the age of women was 29.35 ± 2.68 years with a work experience of 3.2 years, and the mean and standard deviation of the age of men was 31.16 ± 3.25 years with a work experience of 3.33 years. The risk level in the ERIN method was high, and in the ART method, on both the right and left sides of the body was medium. Also, the relationship between the final score of the ERIN method and the final score of the right side of ART with work experience was direct and significant. The level of agreement between the two methods was achieved by using the Kappa coefficient on the right side, which was medium and weak on the left side of the body.

Conclusion

The results showed that the two methods did not have a good agreement; therefore, in order to evaluate discomfort in dentists, it is necessary to choose the appropriate method according to the type of activities performed, the purpose of the study, and the factors influencing the performance of tasks.
Investigating Functional Connectivity in Adolescent Depression and Suicide Attempt during Neurofeedback Sessions: A Multivariate Random Covariance Model Approach
Authors: Neville Quinton , Ranatunga Janani , Quevedo Karina , Zhang Lin
Published: September 2024

Background

A recent neurofeedback functional magnetic resonance imaging (NF, fMRI) study on depressed vs. healthy adolescents elicited differential functional connectivity (FC) amongst brain regions of interest (ROIs). Previous results employed univariate methods and included only two seed areas of FC (amygdala and hippocampus). In this study, we propose a new multivariate analysis for whole-network FC estimation.

Methods

Primary analyses concerned a pre-identified network of 17 salient ROIs reflecting key regions in self-processing and emotion regulation. A random covariance model (RCM) was applied to jointly estimate participant- and group-specific connectivity, where FC was measured by partial correlation conditioned on or adjusted for rest-of-network connectivity patterns. Secondary analyses concerned participant-specific network association with mental functioning changes and the AAL3 whole-brain atlas.

Results

New findings suggested that depressed adolescents with a suicide attempt expressed significantly higher positive FC between the left temporal gyrus and the left amygdala during NF, compared to negative FC in non-attempting depressed youth, while healthy controls displayed negative FC between the insula, inferior frontal gyrus to inferior parietal lobe connection, compared to mild negative connectivity in depressed adolescents. Previous cross-hemispheric findings in depressed vs. healthy adolescents were corroborated.

Conclusion

A multivariate RCM uncovered key ROI-pairwise connections differentiating FC patterns between depressed youth vs. healthy controls and among depressed youth, with and without a suicide attempt. Findings were strengthened by enhanced inference vs. univariate methods, and corroboration of previous NF secondary analyses demonstrated future utility for participant-specific study in association with clinical outcomes and/or whole-brain analyses with larger sample sizes.
One-pot Three-component Synthesis of Fully and Diversely Functionalized Pyrans and Spiropyrans Using Sodium Formate as Catalyst in Aqueous
Ethanol at Room Temperature
Authors: Banerjee Bubun , Kaur Manmeet , Singh Arvind , Sharma Aditi , Priya Anu
Published: September 2024

A convenient and general method has been developed for the synthesis of fully and diversely
functionalized pyrans via one-pot three-component reactions of various aryl or heteroaryl
aldehydes, malononitrile, and 1,3-dimethyl/1,3-diethyl-acetonedicarboxylates in the presence of a
catalytic amount of sodium formate as an efficient organocatalyst in aqueous ethanol at room temperature.
All the scaffolds were synthesized in excellent yields within 2.5 hours. Under the same
reaction conditions, fully and diversely functionalized spiro-pyrans were also synthesized in excellent
yields from the reaction of isatin, malononitrile, and 1,3-dimethyl/1,3-diethylacetonedicarboxylates.
All the products were isolated pure just by simple filtration. Synthesis of fully
and diversely functionalized biologically promising pyrans, excellent yields, use of organocatalyst,
less toxic solvent, no column chromatographic purification, and energy efficiency are some of the
major advantages of this newly developed protocol.

method:

In a clean test tube a magnetic stir bar, 0.5 mmol of aldehydes (1a-1i), 0.5 mmol of malononitrile (2; 0.033 g) and 0.5 mmol of 1,3-dimethylacetonedicarboxylate (3a; 0.087 g) or 1,3-diethylacetonedicarboxylate (3b; 0.101 g), 4 ml aqueous ethanol (1:1 v/v) and 20 mol% sodium formate were taken sequentially. The whole reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for the time mentioned in Table 2. The progress of reaction was monitored by TLC. By using the same amount of catalyst and solvent the synthesis of methyl/ethyl-2'-amino-3'-cyano-6'-(2-meth/ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-2-oxospiro[indoline-3,4'-pyran]-5'-carboxylate (6a/6b) was achieved from the reactions of 0.5 mmol of isatin (5; 0.0735 g), 0.5 mmol of malononitrile (2; 0.033 g) and 0.5 mmol of 1,3-dimethylacetonedicarboxylate (3a; 0.0871 g) or 1,3-diethylacetonedicarboxylate (3b; 0.1011 g). After the completion of each reaction, the desired products were isolated simply by filtration and subsiquent washing with aqueous ethanol (EtOH:H2O = 1:1).
Development of Synchronization Selection Method in IoT with Secure Channel Bidirectional Communication
Authors: Kaur Rupinder , Singh Sarpreet , Singh Jashanpreet , Kumar Rahul
Published: September 2024

Background:

The rapid development of wireless communications and mobile computation
has given rise to the novel Internet of Things (IoT) systems, which is causing considerable
research attention and industrial development. However, the lack of synchronization between
the timers of IoT devices compromises the network's security.

Aim:

The purpose of this patent application is to present a technique for synchronizing the
timepieces of IoT gadgets and establishing a secure channel for the transmission of data from
source to destination.

Objective:

This study proposes a Synchronization Selection Method (SSM) for IoT systems to
enhance network security and reduce packet loss.

Methods:

The method utilizes time-lay synchronization and RSA algorithm-based secure
channel establishment. Time lay is a technique that was developed for IoT devices to achieve
efficient clock synchronization of sensor nodes. Before synchronizing the sensor nodes' timings,
the cluster leaders initiate the process. Utilizing a finite number of nodes, the proposed
method was executed in MATLAB.

Results:

Time-lay synchronization involves all network nodes synchronizing their clocks with
a third-party clock. In the context of time-lay synchronization, the term “third-party clock” refers
to a single specific point that contains the time signal that all nodes in the network use as a
reference. This third-party clock is outside of the network nodes and acts as the standard for the
precise and synchronized time within the network. Therefore, it can be deduced that each of the
techniques possesses its advantages and disadvantages. Each of the synchronization techniques
has the potential to significantly benefit the IoT by offering smart clock synchronization that is
more secure. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method improves throughput
and reduces packet loss compared to existing techniques.

Conclusion:

The potential of this patent is highly significant for solving the synchronization
problem of IoT devices and enhancing network security with decreased network packet loss.

Other:

The SSM would be assessed using the parameters of packet loss and throughput.
Introduction: Gender and (Auto)pathography from a Transnational Perspective
Authors: Durán Giménez-Rico Isabel
Published: September 2024

‘Medical Humanities’ (MH), the critical enclave of this cluster, is an interdisciplinary area of knowledge which examines human health and illness using the tools and insights of creative arts and humanities. MH endeavors to comprehend the diverse spectrum of physical and mental ailments by drawing from literature and various forms of artistic expression. The boom of MH both in the United States and Europe is manifested by the increase of this field of studies in undergraduate and graduate programs, professional training opportunities, career paths, conferences, and articles in prestigious academic journals, such as Medical Humanities, Intima: A Journal of Narrative Medicine, Journal of Medical Humanities, Literature and Medicine, or Arts and Health, among others. By consulting Scopus (http://www.scopus.com), the preeminent abstract and citation database for peer-reviewed research literature and conducting a search for 'Medical Humanities' spanning from 1970 to 2023, the findings in the 'Documents by Year' section (totaling 21,461 entries) reveal a consistent and steady upward trajectory. Commencing with a solitary document in 1971, the inaugural year recorded, the count surged to 54 in 1980, escalated to 498 in 2010, and surged to 1,581 in 2020, culminating in 2,417 entries by 2023. Furthermore, upon delving into the 'Documents by Subject Area', the analysis indicates that a significant majority of scholarly articles concerning MH originate from authors entrenched in the Health Sciences field (including Medicine, Nursing, Psychology, Neuroscience, Health professionals, Genetics), while only 15.9 percent stem from scholars within the Arts and Humanities domain. Hence, the authors of these articles, all affiliated with a research group located in Spain, envisioned the importance of enriching this field through their humanistic perspective, stemming from their roles as university professors and literature researchers.
Clinical Features, Genetic Landscape and Management of Behçet's Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Masiello Edoardo , Caruso Sebastiano , Lavalle Salvatore , Foti Roberta , Gagliano Caterina , La Mantia Ignazio , Cocuzza Salvatore Giuseppe , La Via Luigi , Parisi Federica Maria , Calvo-Henriquez Christian , Mayo-Yanez Miguel , Lechien Jerome R. , Di Napoli Claudia , Maniaci Antonino
Published: September 2024

Behçet's syndrome is a systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown origin, presenting with diverse symptoms such as recurrent oral and genital ulcers, skin lesions, and uveitis, and can impact multiple organ systems. Diagnosis relies primarily on clinical evaluation due to the lack of specific diagnostic tests. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach to control inflammation and alleviate symptoms, utilizing treatments like corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, and biological therapies. The higher prevalence of Behçet's syndrome along the Silk Road points to significant environmental and genetic influences. Despite progress in understanding its clinical manifestations and treatment options, the underlying mechanisms of the disease remain unclear. Future research is crucial to uncover the disease's pathophysiology and refine treatment strategies, aiming to prevent severe complications such as blindness and neurological impairment. This comprehensive review explores the clinical features, genetic background, and management strategies for Behçet's syndrome, highlighting the potential of precision medicine to improve patient care.
Novel Virtual Reality Application for Stress Reduction Among Patients with or At Risk for Cardiovascular Disease (Preprint)
Authors: Makaroff Katherine Elizabeth , Van Christopher , Grospe Vincent , Edmunds Lynae , Calfon-Press Marcella A. , Watson Karol E. , Horwich Tamara
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a promising, low-risk strategy to manage many forms of psychological stress and may be a modality to improve cardiovascular health. Recent scientific statements on the mind-heart-body connection call for better adherence to psychological screening and adoption of more holistic, “behavioral cardiology” interventions that improve overall health of patients with or at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to explore how a VR experience can aid in stress reduction among patients with/at risk for CVD.

METHODS

A convergent mixed-methods approach was used for this single-arm prospective pilot study. 20 patients were recruited from UCLA adult cardiology clinics & cardiac rehabilitation. Surveys and physiologic parameters were collected before, during, and after a 30-minute VR experience aimed at relaxation. The primary outcome was the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State scale (STAI-S). They participated in a 90-minute visit during which they completed surveys, including the STAI-S, before & after a 30-minute VR experience. Physiological parameters were also collected before, during, and after the experience. Visits concluded with semi-structured interviews analyzed with inductive thematic analysis to add depth and nuance to our analysis.

RESULTS

STAI-S scores after the VR experience were significantly decreased from baseline (P<0.001). Verbal feedback revealed that participants experienced a relaxing sense of “distance from stress” moderated by unexpected, intense audiovisual components. Heart rate significantly decreased (P<0.001) while blood pressure (systolic: P=0.75, diastolic: P=0.60) & galvanic skin response (P=0.5) remained the same. Changes in heart rate variability parameters were consistent with increased vagal tone over time but were only statistically significant at certain timepoints. Survey results and interviews generally indicated safety, tolerability, and openness to using VR again.

CONCLUSIONS

This sample of patients with cardiovascular disease or risk of cardiovascular disease had above-average stress, supporting epidemiological data and the need for increased awareness of the mind-heart-body connection; the statistically and clinically significant decrease in subjective perception of stress partially converged with physiologic data. Overall, the VR intervention was a safe, viable stress reduction method. This study can help inform future research utilizing this immersive therapeutic (or others) to reduce cardiovascular risk profiles.

CLINICALTRIAL

UCLA Institutional Review Board (#21-000705) and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry number was NCT04984655 https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04984655
Arena and (Re)Stabilization of Reog Bulkiyo Dance Cultural Production
Authors: Salam Aprinus , Maulana Alfian
Published: September 2024

Contestation among traditional art performances, in the technology and information era, creates complex and diverse challenge to the dance of Reog Bulkiyo. In 1999, the dance had to be stopped following the regeneration and economical problem. Although Reog Bulkiyo has been performed again since 2009, the conditions which makes this dance can be produced is still inexplicable. This article attempts to explain why dance experiencing production and activity stagnation. Pierre Bourdieu’s cultural production theory is used to analyze this problem, while ethnographic qualitative is used as the method. This study found that Reog Bulkiyo dance is in the arena of traditional dance art which has a double-tiered structure. The first structure leads to popular culture, while the second structure leads to art culture. In the first structure, Reog Bulkiyo dance group uses relational capital with relatives, social and Islamic groups to survive in the midst of competition with other popular arts. The dance then gains a relationship with the academy and the state which provides relational, cultural, and symbolic capital in the form of granting intangible cultural heritage status. These two relations give Reog Bulkiyo dance group the opportunity to maintain its cultural production.
An Interdisciplinary interpretation of literature through the lens of Quantum Theory
Authors: Prabhat Ravi
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the interdisciplinary intersection between Quantum Theory and literary analysis, particularly focusing on William Shakespeare’s "Hamlet." By examining the character of Hamlet through the principles of quantum mechanics, specifically Schrödinger's wave function and the concept of superposition, we aim to demonstrate how scientific metaphors can provide novel insights into literary texts. This approach not only deepens our understanding of characters and narratives but also bridges the gap between the sciences and the humanities, highlighting their interconnectedness and mutual relevance. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of this interdisciplinary methodology, its limitations, and future directions for research. By employing quantum theory and the Schrödinger equation as metaphors, we gain deeper insights into the intricate layers of Hamlet’s character and the overarching themes of the play. This interdisciplinary approach enriches our understanding of Shakespeare’s work, highlighting the profound connections between the uncertainties and probabilities in quantum mechanics and the existential dilemmas faced by Hamlet. This perspective not only offers a unique lens for literary analysis but also demonstrates the potential for cross-disciplinary interpretations to enhance our appreciation of classic literature.
Aktivitas Humas PT. Jasa Marga Dalam Sosialisasi Kartu Pembayaran Elektronik Pada Gerbang Tol Otomatis (GTO) Meruya, Jakarta Barat
Authors: Sakaril Gufroni , Ashari Martin
Published: September 2024

Kemacetan menjadi salah satu masalah terbesar di Indonesia saat ini, sebab kemacetan menimbulkan kerugian dan menjadi ketakutan terbesar bagi para pengguna jalan karena volume kendaraan yang terus bertambah setiap harinya. Pemerintah telah melakukan berbagai macam upaya untuk mengatasi kemacetan, salah satunya membangun infrastruktur jalan tol sebagai penunjang sarana transportasi, serta dengan berkembangnya teknologi, pemerintah menggunakan e-toll sebagai upaya kemudahan bertransaksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas humas Jasa Marga dalam mensosialisasikan penggunaan kartu elektronik pada gerbang tol otomatis (GTO). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa humas Jasa Marga menciptakan program dan kegiatan sosialisasi e-toll melalui peran humas sebagai fasilitator komunikasi untuk membangun kesepahaman dan pengertian antara perusahaan dan masayarakat.
Desenvolvimento de compósito isolante termoelétrico e avaliação das propriedades e estabilidade térmica
Authors:   , Machado Junior José Carlos
Published: September 2024

O mercado de isoladores termoelétricos envolve o desenvolvimento de isoladores para soluções nas indústrias metalúrgica, siderúrgica, naval, automotiva e principalmente de fundição e aciarias que trabalham em alta temperatura. Os principais equipamentos que utilizam isolantes termoelétricos são fornos a arco elétrico, a indução e de cadinho, bobinas de fornos e indutores, coletores automotivos, equipamentos eletrônicos e eletrodomésticos e principalmente isolantes termoelétricos desenvolvidos sob encomenda para a solução do cliente. Entre as principais características dos isolantes termoelétricos estão a resistência mecânica, rigidez dielétrica, resistência à altas temperaturas, resistência à absorção de água, resistência à absorção de óleo e comportamento inerte em relação à contaminação externa. Todos os isoladores termoelétricos possuem suas vantagens e desvantagens, o que direciona a necessidade de desenvolver o melhor custo-benefício para cada aplicação. Dentre os isoladores termoelétricos existentes no mercado, existem materiais isolantes termoelétricos flexíveis como chapa de mica, materiais a base de fibra de vidro com elastômero, chapas de micanite e folhas de mica impregnadas com resina de silicato. Com relação aos isolantes termoelétricos rígidos, destacam-se as placas de mica moscovita e flogopita à base de resina de silicato, chapas à base de tecido de fibra de vidro impregnado com resina epóxi, poliéster, Celeron e silicone. Todos esses isoladores podem ser fabricados como moldados contínuos, chapas laminadas e tubos. Os isoladores termoelétricos podem ser fabricados por processos de usinagem como torno e fresa convencionais, serra de corte e CNC, entre outros. Dentre as muitas opções, o mercado segue em contínuo desenvolvimento e adaptação devido à alta demanda e competitividade, necessitando aprimorar os isoladores termoelétricos no monitoramento dos equipamentos, aliado à redução dos custos de isolamento para se manter competitivo. Nestes cenários, a presente dissertação discute o desenvolvimento de um novo isolante termoelétrico, de classe térmica (R) que trabalhará acima de 220 ºC, com rigidez dielétrica de 10 kV/mm e melhor resistência mecânica. Este material foi desenvolvido com tecido de fibra de vidro entrelaçado, impregnado com resina termorrígida, prensado sob alta pressão e temperatura simultaneamente. O isolador compósito polimérico com estrutura de fibra de vidro é classificado como material polimérico termorrígido e foi desenvolvido para atender equipamentos onde os isoladores requerem trabalho em alta temperatura sem perder as características de isolamento. Por se tratar de um isolante nacional com matérias-primas também nacionais vale destacar o baixo custo em relação a outros isoladores. Os ensaios demonstram que o material polimérico desenvolvido suporta 10 kV/mm e temperatura da ordem de 220 °C, tendo ainda uma baixa condutividade térmica de aproximadamente 0,400 W/mK e mostrando ainda elevado calor especifico de cerca de 790 J/kgK.
The Impact of Self-Efficacy on Performance Management in Malaysia's Public Sector
Authors: MOHAMAD ZAM RUHANA , AHMAD SYAHRUL AHMAR , ISMAIL AIDA MARIA , ISMAIL AIDA HAZLIN
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of self-efficacy on performance management within Malaysia's public sector. Grounded in goal-setting theory, which posits that specific and challenging goals enhance motivation and performance, this research examines how self-efficacy—the belief in one's ability to execute tasks, influences performance outcomes. Conducted through qualitative in-depth interview sessions with selected participants who are from Tier 1 and Tier 2 staff of the Federal Government of Malaysia, this study provides an in-depth analysis of the relationship between self-efficacy and performance management practices. The study examines how self-efficacy influences performance management in Malaysia's public sector. Several key findings have arisen from merging the High-Performance Cycle model with Bandura's self-efficacy theory. The findings emphasize the importance of self-efficacy in improving performance management strategies. Integrating self-efficacy with the High-Performance Cycle model yields concrete solutions for increasing leadership effectiveness and organizational performance. Investing in self-efficacy through focused interventions, coaching, and self-care can greatly improve performance management and help organizations reach their goals more efficiently.
Novel epigenetic biomarkers for hematopoietic cancer found in twins
Authors: Clemmensen Signe B. , Frederiksen Henrik , Mengel-From Jonas , Heikkinen Aino , Kaprio Jaakko , Hjelmborg Jacob vB
Published: September 2024

Background and purpose: This article aims to identify epigenetic markers and detect early development of hematopoietic malignancies through an epigenome wide association study of DNA methylation data.
Materials and methods: This register-based study includes 1,085 Danish twins with 31 hematopoietic malignancies and methylation levels from 450,154 5’-C-phospate-G-3’ (CpG) sites. Associations between methylation levels and incidence of hematopoietic malignancy is studied through time-to-event regression. The matched case-cotwin design, where one twin has a malignancy and the cotwin does not, is applied to enhance control for unmeasured shared confounding and false discoveries. Predictive performance is validated in the independent Older Finnish Twin Cohort.
Results and interpretation: We identified 67 epigenetic markers for hematopoietic malignancies of which 12 are linked to genes associated with hematologic malignancies. For some markers, we discovered a 2–3-fold relative risk difference for high versus low methylation. The identification of these 67 sites enabled the formation of a predictor demonstrating a cross-validated time-varying area under the curve (AUC) of 92% 3 years after individual blood sampling and persistent performance above 70% up to 6 years after blood sampling. This predictive performance was to a large extent recovered in the validation sample showing an overall Harrell’s C of 73%.
In conclusion, from a large population representative twin study on hematopoietic cancers, novel epigenetic markers were identified that may prove useful for early diagnosis.
Covid-Induced Dystonia and Opsoclonus: A Case Report
Authors: C* Shea , J Labbe , H Burgess , C Raedy , I Turner
Published: September 2024

Intro: New onset movement disorders are being reported following infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These include myoclonus, tremor, oculomotor disorders, ataxia, akinetic rigid syndrome, catatonia, dystonia, and chorea. IVIG and steroids are shown to improve these neurological manifestations. Narrative: We present a case of a 74-year-old female with multiple comorbidities who developed opsoclonus, upper extremity dystonia, and encephalopathy following infection with COVID-19. Discussion: Currently, no cases have been reported on the combination of dystonia, opsoclonus, and encephalopathy in the presence of COVID-19. Due to the patient's minimal improvement following treatment, more research will need to be done on this topic to tailor pharmacotherapy for the neurological manifestations of this virus. Conclusion: Diagnosing movement disorders following infection with COVID-19 remains controversial. This case highlights the complexity of ruling out other etiologies that could lead to these neurological symptoms and the importance of comprehensive patient care and symptom management.
Public perceptions of wildfire in Great Britain: case studies from Wales, England and Scotland
Authors:   , Watts Rosie
Published: September 2024

Wildfires pose significant risk to the environment and society of Great Britain, a threat that remains largely unrecognized by the public. The sheer number of vegetation fires, although mostly small, exert significant pressure on Fire and Rescue Services and environmental management organisations. They present unique challenges, including being an emerging and under-researched issue. This exploratory research project aimed to address underexplored areas of the public’s understanding of local wildfire hazards and ascertain the relevance to them. Given the highly contextual nature of wildfires, a case study approach was employed, encompassing three locations: the South Wales Valleys, Dorset in England, and the Highlands in Scotland. It collected survey data on risk perception and awareness, as well as attitudes towards prescribed fire. Underscoring the perceptions of risk was local knowledge, where many residents were strongly connected to the locality. Across locations there was a characteristic subgroup with significant concern regarding wildfire in their area, and then a smaller subgroup concerned for themselves personally. The predominant sentiment was concern for “other’s” and typically the non-human. However, despite a perceived lack of direct impacts, consequences were not entirely negated, through care for the area and nature; this indirect concern presents an avenue for fostering engagement. Notably, the study also identified a group that exhibited little or no concern, with some disputing the applicability of the term "wildfire" to the British context. Regarding acceptability of fire there was mostly partial acceptance, although there are some stronger views in favour particularly where there is a perceived necessity or understanding of the benefits. The disagreement and uncertainty demonstrated a lack of knowledge of outcomes and conflation with wildfire phenomena. Overall, the findings highlight gaps in knowledge and the need for localised information to establish greater relevance of risks to the public.
Analysis of the Impact of Covid-19 on Structuring and MSME Profits (Case Study: Drink Time Bandar Jaya Booth Stand)
Authors: Rikita Sirait Ribka , Tarmizi Rosmiati
Published: September 2024

The UMKM Booth Stand in Bandar Jaya is currently estimated to be almost 50 booth stand players who sell a variety of foods and drinks, this booth stand's stand alone using their own business capital. However, there are problems that occur from the covid-19 outbreak in 2019 to 2021, this study is to determine the difference in revenue and profit before and during covid-19. The research method used is a qualitative method, namely a method in which research data is collected from documents, records, and reports related to the problem to be solved at the same time. Data analysis techniques in this descriptive qualitative are carried out by searching and collecting data by researchers which are then arranged systematically through field notes or documentation. The results showed that the highest decline in Drink Time Booth Stand revenue in the period 2019 to 2020 occurred in August with a percentage of -0.6%. Profit in 2019 to 2020 at Drink Time Booth Stand decreased in March with a percentage of 0.03% and followed in February with a percentage of 0.06%. In order not to experience bankruptcy Stand Booth Drink Time can make business capital loans to related parties.