bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN SENSOR NODE BASED ON RECEIVED SIGNAL STRENGTH INDICATOR (RSSI) AND SLEEP AWAKE METHOD
Authors: Rudati Paula Santi , Feriyonika Feriyonika , Sudarsa Yana , Tri Monda Hasbi
Published: August 2023

The transmission power management in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a critical problem. This research investigated optimizing power consumption based on transmission power (Tx Power) level according to RSSI and periodic transmission time. We investigated the RSSI value by varying Tx Power Level to get the optimum Tx Power Level. We found the optimum periodic transmission time by transmitting the data with various transmission times. By varying the Tx Power Level, we found the optimum Tx Power Level, resulting in the power consumption decreasing by about 42% and the power supply’s lifetime increasing by about 71% in the 280 m distance between the sensor node and gateway, with a 108 Wh power supply. By varying the periodic transmission time, we found that the optimum periodic transmission time is 8 seconds. Combining the optimum Tx Power Level and periodic transmission time, we found that the power supply’s lifetime is 40 times longer. This result is helpful for WSN applications in remote areas.
THE BEHAVIOR OF FLOW CONDITION IN PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAINS DUE TO INCREMENTAL CONFINING PRESSURE
Authors: Chrismaningwang Galuh , Hardiyatmo Hary Christady , Adi Agus Darmawan , Fathani Teuku Faisal
Published: August 2023

Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVDs) are commonly used in geotechnical engineering to speed the consolidation of soft and compressible soils. Understanding the behavior of PVDs under various load conditions is essential for their efficient design and implementation. This research aims to improve the performance and efficacy of PVD systems in geotechnical engineering applications by investigating and comprehending the behavior of flow conditions in PVDs under incremental confining pressure. Three PVD samples varying in thicknesses have been evaluated in the laboratory to determine their discharge capacity and transmissivity under various hydraulic gradients. The PVD was subjected to incremental confining pressures between 50 and 200 kPa. The apparatus utilized in this study was designed by following ASTM D4716. The flow condition was determined by limiting the hydraulic gradients and calculating the turbulence degree of the flow. The analysis results showed that the flow inside PVD is non-laminar, and the PVD with the larger cross-section is more resilient to deviations in the hydraulic gradient. The proposed equations accurately predicted the discharge capacity of PVDs under increasing confinement pressures, and a comparison with experimental results revealed a high level of concordance. Particularly for PVDs with larger cross-sectional areas, the hydraulic gradient significantly affected the discharge capacity.
The Evaluation on Thermal Performance of Rumah Negeri Sembilan Berserambi Dua dan Beranjung
Authors: Nik Hassin Nik Siti Fatimah , Misni Alamah
Published: August 2023

Traditional Malay house, a passive design architecture, is believed to have more effective thermal performance than modern residential houses through climatic design strategies. Unfortunately, the Malay house has experienced numerous changes and is confronted with constant dangers due to present-day science and innovation. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the thermal performance of rumah Negeri Sembilan berserambi dua dan beranjung for sustainable practice in the tropical environment. The method used was fieldwork: observation and thermal measurement. Comparing the suggested comfort level by ASHRAE 55 and ICOP, 20% percent of the total data is falls within the thermal comfort range suggested. However, the house is considered in comfort environment between 25-27ºC, which is only in the early morning. As for the wind flow, each house division recorded different readings. However, it was still within the comfort level range, i.e., between 0.12-1.25m/s, while the RH level was 50-60%. Therefore, the primary findings elaborate that the Malay house construction has five factors that directly influence the house's thermal performance. These include floor areas, openings, floor and roof heights, materials, open compound areas, and building setting. This study aspires to provide useful insights regarding the effectiveness of practices in the climatic design strategies of a traditional Malay house. Thus, its contribute to the scientific discussions on sustainable practices in modern residential design which aligned with the Twelfth Malaysia Plan (RMK12) Theme 3.
Framework for Fire Safety Management of Hotels in Nigeria: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Nwaichi Peter Ikechukwu , Ali Mohamad Wijayanuddin , Aule Thomas Terna , Aja Agi Augustine , Nwaichi Eucharia
Published: August 2023

Recent findings indicate Nigeria is among the top countries with devastating consequences of fire incidences. The volatile position of Port-Harcourt as an oil-producing capital city is seen as one of the reasons why fire disasters occur in hotels, among other high rises institutional building structures. This study, therefore, explored the factors responsible for the high incidences of fires in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria. As phenomenological research involving humans, a 5-point Likert scale cross-sectional questionnaire survey instruments were developed using online Google forms to evaluate people's awareness, identify the material factors that promote fire incidents, and assess the present policy and standards to control fire incidents. The ordinal scaled data collected from 108 respondents were tested to be reliable with a Cronbach alpha of 0.958 using the SPSS Statistic software and further analyzed using the Structural Equation Modelling approach. Results show that hotel workers in Port-Harcourt are aware of fire safety management issues, though periodic retraining is required as new technologies evolve. Safety standards are also relatively maintained in the placement of equipment power points, extinguishers, and emergency controls. However, the significant causes of the fire were attributed to electrical and mechanical devices installed and utilized on the hotel premises. While the study calls for the installation of high-quality equipment in hotels, more inquiry is needed to check the reliability of individual equipment. A framework was finally conceptualized for further research and replicating the study in other contexts. This study's findings are essential to hotel entrepreneurs and managers, fire experts, building designers, and researchers.
Determinants of Zoom Fatigue Domain Among Public University Undergraduate Students/ Domain Penentu Kelesuan Zoom Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Prasiswazah Universiti Awam
Authors: Mohamad Hashim Ameer Fuhaili , Othman Mohamad Hashim , George Albert Wanda Kiyah
Published: August 2023

Undergraduate students are no exception to using digital devices during the teaching and learning process (TnL) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation has given various physiological and mental problems to students due to the transition from traditional teaching and learning approaches to online. The long focus on using digital devices during TnL has brought physical and mental fatigue to students. This research aims to identify the relationship between the five ZOOM fatigue domains (general; visual, social, motivational, emotional) among college students (n=215). A cross-sectional study was conducted using the "ZOOM & Fatigue Fatigue" Scale (ZEF) (Fauville et al., 2021) which contains 15 items used to collect data for general fatigue; visual, social, motivational, and emotional. A Pearson correlation analysis was performed to identify the general fatigue domain relationship; visual, social, motivational, and emotional. The research results found that there is a strong to moderate relationship between the five ZOOM fatigue domains. This finding can help increase awareness of the effects of ZOOM fatigue on students' physical and psychological well-being. Apart from that, this study can help to introduce measures to make adjustments to undergo TnL online among students.
Violence Against the Elderly: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mustaffa Nurul Hidayawatie , Akhir Noor Shakirah Mat
Published: August 2023

Violence against the elderly is not a new issue. Violence against the elderly exists in many forms but lack of exposure has made it difficult for the society to believe that there are elderly people who have become victims of violence. Although previous studies on violence against the elderly were not widespread, it is necessary to take proactive and immediate actions so that the welfare of this group is well taken care of. In fact, Islam encourages that the well-being of the elderly must always be preserved. This article aims to systematically review studies related to violence against the elderly, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) model. The qualitative study used the systematic review method founded by Moher et al. in 2009. Studies in the scope of violence against the elderly were identified, examined, and reviewed using the PRISMA model.  This review has focused on four themes of violence against the elderly, namely the form of violence against the elderly, the factors of violence against the elderly, the effects of violence against the elderly, and the solutions in dealing with violence against the elderly. The review has also identified eleven forms of violence against the elderly, fourteen factors of violence against the elderly, two effects of violence against the elderly, and seven solutions to deal with violence against the elderly. The spiritual aspect was found to be an important element in dealing with violence against the elderly.
A Structural Equation Modelling of Organizational Culture and Total Quality Management at the Islamic University in Uganda
Authors: Farooq Miiro
Published: August 2023

This study aimed at examining the influence of organisational culture (OC) towards total quality management (TQM) at the Islamic University in Uganda. The study’s research Objectives were; examine whether the hypothesized model of organizational culture and total quality management fit the data. To establish whether the items for measuring organizational culture and Total quality management fit the model? To find out whether organizational culture construct statistically influence total quality management practices as perceived by staff at Islamic University in Uganda? To arrive at the intention of this study, a quantitative research design was employed, and a cross-sectional survey technique was used to attain data from 372 randomly chosen respondents. Data analysis was done using structural equation modelling. The findings of the study reflected that; the questionnaire items for OC and TQM fitted the data whereby CMIN was 1852.328, CMIN/DF 3.750, RMSEA .086, CFI .782 and DF 494.Further analysis to establish the influence of OC towards TQM reflected that CFI was .906, RMSEA .070, CMIN/DF 2.798, CMIN 506.362 AND DF 181; thus, the model fits the data. The influence of OC towards TQM was obtained at a .94 coefficient with a p-value of .000. The factor loadings for both constructs OC and TQM and their sub-constructs deemed reasonable at above 0.70. Thus, proving the model and theory worthy of employment in the management of HEIs so as to produce quality graduates with quality skills for addressing the 21st century challenges. More studies can be done using longitudinal surveys and other data analysis techniques to establish whether the results will differ. Lastly, it is recommended that leaders and their management teams in HEIs should change their perceptions towards running institutional businesses to fit the needs of the 21st century. Today’s world requires quality graduates with quality skills and culture to transform themselves and their community into a quality nation. However, these efforts cannot be achieved if HEIs leaders do not understand TQM’s meaning towards OC. This is because today's staff, students and other stakeholders are far different from the previous ones regarding their rights, services needed, input, the process and the output.
Three-Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling Using the RANS Approach of Indirect-Type Solar Dryers Based on Smooth and Corrugated Absorber Plates
Authors: Ennissioui J. , Benghoulam E. , El Rhafiki T. , Fertahi Saïf ed-Dîn
Published: August 2023

Solar dryers are traditional devices used for drying various products. Different indirect solar dryer (ISD) geometries were theoretically examined using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This paper presents a numerical investigation of two indirect solar dryers using CFD simulation, comparing the velocity and thermal performance of dryers with smooth and corrugated absorber plates. The temperature values obtained by numerical simulations were compared to the experimental measurements and found a maximum variation difference of 1.26%. The maximum velocity in the solar air collector (SAC) and the value of average temperature at the SAC outlet were found to be 0.58 m/s and 336 K for the smooth absorber ISD, and 0.77 m/s and 350 K for the corrugated absorber ISD. It was observed that the corrugated absorber plate exhibited superior thermal performance and a higher maximum velocity compared to the smooth absorber plate. Within the cabinet, a uniform temperature profile was observed, particularly for the corrugated case. V-shaped absorber plates offer higher heat transfer rates, increased turbulence, and greater surface area for heat transfer, making them more efficient for drying processes compared to smooth absorber plates. Therefore, corrugated absorber plates in solar air collectors are a more efficient option than using smooth absorber plates.
Social Media as a Tool for Understanding the Role of Motor Differences in Neurodivergent Identity and Lived Experience
Authors: Miller Haylie L.
Published: August 2023

Social media offers an exciting opportunity for the field of motor development and behavior research. With platforms such as Twitter offering access to historical data from users’ public bios and posts, there is untapped potential to examine community perspectives on the role of motor differences in identity and lived experience. Analysis of online discourse offers advantages over traditional qualitative methods like structured interviews or focus groups, including a less-contrived setting, global geographic and cultural representation, and ease of sampling. The aim of this special section is to present a pipeline for harvesting and analysis of Twitter data related to users’ identities and discourse characteristics, specifically situated in the context of motor development and behavior. This pipeline is demonstrated in two independent studies, one on autistic users and one on developmental coordination disorder (DCD)/dyspraxic users. These studies demonstrate the utility of Twitter data for research on neurodivergent and disabled people’s perspectives on their motor differences, and whether they are expressed as part of their identity. Implications of results are discussed for each study, as well as in the larger context of future research using a variety of approaches to analysis of social media data, including those from predominantly image- and video-based platforms.
Subscriptions and external links help drive resentful users to alternative and extremist YouTube channels
Authors: Chen Annie Y. , Nyhan Brendan , Reifler Jason , Robertson Ronald E. , Wilson Christo
Published: August 2023

Do online platforms facilitate the consumption of potentially harmful content? Using paired behavioral and survey data provided by participants recruited from a representative sample in 2020 (
n
= 1181), we show that exposure to alternative and extremist channel videos on YouTube is heavily concentrated among a small group of people with high prior levels of gender and racial resentment. These viewers often subscribe to these channels (prompting recommendations to their videos) and follow external links to them. In contrast, nonsubscribers rarely see or follow recommendations to videos from these channels. Our findings suggest that YouTube’s algorithms were not sending people down “rabbit holes” during our observation window in 2020, possibly due to changes that the company made to its recommender system in 2019. However, the platform continues to play a key role in facilitating exposure to content from alternative and extremist channels among dedicated audiences.
Experimental quantum imaging distillation with undetected light
Authors: Fuenzalida Jorge , Gilaberte Basset Marta , Töpfer Sebastian , Torres Juan P. , Gräfe Markus
Published: August 2023

Imaging based on the induced coherence effect makes use of photon pairs to obtain information of an object without detecting the light that probes it. While one photon illuminates the object, only its partner is detected, so no measurement of coincidence events is needed. The sought-after object’s information is revealed, observing a certain interference pattern on the detected photon. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that this imaging technique can be made resilient to noise. We introduce an imaging distillation approach based on the interferometric modulation of the signal of interest. We show that our scheme can generate a high-quality image of an object even against noise levels up to 250 times the actual signal of interest. We also include a detailed theoretical explanation of our findings.
Hydrothermal enrichment of lithium in intracaldera illite-bearing claystones
Authors: Benson Thomas R. , Coble Matthew A. , Dilles John H.
Published: August 2023

Developing a sustainable supply chain for the global proliferation of lithium ion batteries in electric vehicles and grid storage necessitates the extraction of lithium resources that minimize local environmental impacts. Volcano sedimentary lithium resources have the potential to meet this requirement, as they tend to be shallow, high-tonnage deposits with low waste:ore strip ratios. Illite-bearing Miocene lacustrine sediments within the southern portion of McDermitt caldera (USA) at Thacker Pass contain extremely high lithium grades (up to ~1 weight % of Li), more than double the whole-rock concentration of lithium in smectite-rich claystones in the caldera and other known claystone lithium resources globally (<0.4 weight % of Li). Illite concentrations measured in situ range from ~1.3 to 2.4 weight % of Li within fluorine-rich illitic claystones. The unique lithium enrichment of illite at Thacker Pass resulted from secondary lithium- and fluorine-bearing hydrothermal alteration of primary neoformed smectite-bearing sediments, a phenomenon not previously identified.
Dusty Gas Flow past Bodies under Scattering of Rebounded Particles
Authors: Panfilov S. V. , Romanyuk D. A. , Tsirkunov Yu. M.
Published: August 2023

Two-phase gas-particle flow over a flat plate of finite thickness in a channel at a high subsonic velocity and supersonic transverse flow past a cylinder are considered. The leading edge of the plate is wedge-shaped or represents a smooth bluntness of constant radius. The wedge surface and the front bluntness are specified both smooth and rough. The roughness is modeled by a two-dimensional profile based on an experiment. Spherical particles and a mixture of particles in the form of ellipsoids of revolution, rectangular prisms, prisms with flat-cut vertices, and tetrahedrons are considered. The parameters of each of the forms vary. The impact interaction model proposed earlier and consistent with the experimental data on the coefficients of restitution of the center-of-mass velocity is used to determine the translational and rotational velocities of non-spherical particles after rebound. Along with monosized particles, a dispersed phase with a spread of particles in size is considered. The role of the studied factors of random nature which affect the flow pattern and the dispersed phase parameters is found.
Incarcerated Prolapsed Sigmoid Intussusception Presenting as Rectal Prolapse Without a Lead Point
Authors: Lai Debra , Lavery Marta , Wallin Ulrik
Published: August 2023

This case series presents two patients with symptoms consistent with acute rectal prolapse. The prolapses were subsequently found to be sigmoid intussusception that had prolapsed through the anus without rectal prolapse and without any intraluminal pathology or lead point. Both were recognised on examination and underwent colonic resection rather than proctectomy.
Oral verrucous Carcinoma on mandibular right alveolar region
Authors: Ravichandar Ranjjith , Thirunavukarasu Sivasankari , Reddy Jagat , Ramanujam Sathyanarayanan
Published: August 2023

Verrucous carcinoma, a low-grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma, defined as a diagnostically squamous cell neoplasia involving lip, oropharyngeal, and laryngeal mucosa and named as ‘Ackerman’s tumour’ by Ackerman in 1948. It usually occurs in the lower lip region and this is one such case in which a painful proliferative growth was evident over the right alveolar region for the period of 8 months. Radiological investigations, biopsies were performed followed by surgical excision of the lesion.
Deep Learning-Based Magnetic Resonance Image Segmentation and Classification for Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Manochandar T. , Kumaraguru Diderot P.
Published: August 2023

Accurate and rapid detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) gained considerable attention among research workers because of an increased number of current researches being driven by deep learning (DL) methods that have accomplished outstanding outcomes in variety of domains involving medical image analysis. Especially, convolution neural network (CNN) is primarily applied for the analyses of image datasets according to the capability of handling massive unstructured datasets and automatically extracting significant features. Earlier detection is dominant to the success and development interferences, and neuroimaging characterizes the potential regions for earlier diagnosis of AD. The study presents and develops a novel Deep Learning-based Magnetic Resonance Image Segmentation and Classification for AD Diagnosis (DLMRISC-ADD) model. The presented DLMRISC-ADD model mainly focuses on the segmentation of MRI images to detect AD. To accomplish this, the presented DLMRISC-ADD model follows a two-stage process, namely, skull stripping and image segmentation. At the preliminary stage, the presented DLMRISC-ADD model employs U-Net-based skull stripping approach to remove skull regions from the input MRIs. Next, in the second stage, the DLMRISC-ADD model applies QuickNAT model for MRI image segmentation, which identifies distinct parts such as white matter, gray matter, hippocampus, amygdala, and ventricles. Moreover, densely connected network (DenseNet201) feature extractor with sparse autoencoder (SAE) classifier is used for AD detection process. A brief set of simulations is implemented on ADNI dataset to demonstrate the improved performance of the DLMRISC-ADD method, and the outcomes are examined extensively. The experimental results exhibit the effectual segmentation results of the DLMRISC-ADD technique.
From Compositional Petri Net Modeling to Macro and Micro Simulation by Means of Stochastic Simulation and Agent-Based Models
Authors: Amparore Elvio , Beccuti Marco , Castagno Paolo , Pernice Simone , Franceschinis Giuliana , Pennisi Marzio
Published: August 2023

Computational modeling has become a widespread approach for studying real-world phenomena by using different modeling perspectives, in particular, the microscopic point of view concentrates on the behavior of the single components and their interactions from which the global system evolution emerges, while the macroscopic point of view represents the system’s overall behavior abstracting as much as possible from that of the single components. The preferred point of view depends on the effort required to develop the model, on the detail level of the available information about the system to be modeled, and on the type of measures that are of interest to the modeler; each point of view may lead to a different modeling language and simulation paradigm. An approach adequate for the microscopic point of view is Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation, which has gained popularity in the last few decades but lacks a formal definition common to the different tools supporting it. This may lead to modeling mistakes and wrong interpretation of the results, especially when comparing models of the same system developed according to different points of view. The aim of the work described in this paper is to provide a common compositional modeling language from which both a macro and a micro simulation model can be automatically derived: these models are coherent by construction and may be studied through different simulation approaches and tools. A framework is thus proposed in which a model can be composed using a Petri Net formalism and then studied through both an Agent-Based Simulation and a classical Stochastic Simulation Algorithm, depending on the study goal.
Stereotypes, Crime, and Policing
Authors: O'Flaherty Brendan , Sethi Rajiv
Published: August 2023

Crime and policing activities routinely involve interactions between strangers and require the interacting parties to make highly consequential decisions under time pressure. Under such conditions, stereotypes based on visual or other cues can influence behavior. This review considers the role of stereotypes in shaping the manner in which such interactions proceed and the likelihood with which they occur in the first place. Our focus is primarily on robbery, murder, police stops and searches, and the use of deadly force, but the arguments apply more generally. We also consider how stereotypes can become entrenched through the behavioral changes they induce, given large differences across offenses in rate of arrest and prison admission.
One-Pot Hydrothermal Synthesis of Ti3C2 (MXene)-CoS2 Nanocomposite as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst (HER/OER) for a Clean Environment
Authors: Devi S. Brindha , Navamathavan R.
Published: August 2023

The demand for green and clean technology motivates the research community to find a novel electrocatalyst for overall water-splitting. Therefore, in this study, we developed a hybrid non-noble metal catalyst nanocomposite of Ti3C2–CoS2 (TC-CS) as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The nanocomposite shows crushed nanosheets of Ti3C2 sprinkle on the CoS2 (CS) surface thus increasing the electrochemically active surface area of the catalyst. The nanocomposite exhibits a low overpotential of 276 mV for HER and 376 mV for OER with a Tafel slope of 159 mV dec−1 and 22 mV dec−1. This new kind of MXene composite will create a revolution in future energy technology.
Facile Chemical Vapor Deposition of Fe–N–C Materials for pH-Universal Hydrogen Peroxide Detection
Authors: Li Cheng , Zhang Xiao , Liu Jia , Liu Guoqing , Sun Guangying , Xu Wanli , Zheng Qifu , Xie Jian , Shen Hangjia
Published: August 2023

Iron-N–C (Fe–N–C) materials are facilely synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and applied in detecting hydrogen peroxide. Benefiting from the merits of Fe–N–C configuration, the achieved Fe–N–C modified electrodes exhibit outstanding electrochemical sensing performances toward pH-universal hydrogen peroxide detection.
Dichloroacetate as a novel pharmaceutical treatment for cancer-related fatigue in melanoma
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Lee Won D. , Leitner Brooks P. , Zhu Wanling , Fosam Andin , Li Zongyu , Gaspar Rafael C. , Halberstam Alexandra A. , Robles Briana , Rabinowitz Joshua D. , Perry Rachel J.
Published: August 2023

We identify a new metabolic target for cancer-related fatigue, dichloroacetate (DCA). They demonstrate that in mice, DCA preserves physical function and protects against the detrimental effects of cancer treatment by reducing cancer-induced increases in circulating lactate. As DCA is already FDA approved for another indication, these results could be rapidly translated to clinical trials for this condition for which no pharmaceutical therapies exist beyond symptom management.
A Review on Anti-Dip Bedding Rock Slopes Subjected to Flexural Toppling
Authors: Qu Xin , Diao Fangfang , Xu Xingqian , Li Cheng
Published: August 2023

Flexural toppling is typically observed in anti-dip bedding rock slopes with a set of steeply dipping parallel joints against the slope face. This failure occurs due to the bending of rock strata, similar to cantilever beams. However, the exact failure surface is usually unknown, which leads to an assumption regarding the location and shape of the failure surface that must be made in the theoretical analysis. This assumption serves as the basis for stability analysis but may lead to errors if it is not appropriate. Therefore, in this study, we provide a detailed and systematic review of the mechanical model, precondition, failure patterns of rock strata, primary controlling factors, morphological characteristics of slope failure surfaces, and theoretical analysis methods of slope stability. We also introduce two practical application cases to better understand the advantages, disadvantages, and application scope of these methods. Additionally, we discuss the existing issues and potential future research developments in this field.
Degradation Characteristics and Mechanism of Black Sandy Dolomite with Fluid Added in a Mechanical Test
Authors: Liao Xin , Xu Qi , Ling Sixiang , Tian Angran , Tang Qiang
Published: August 2023

Sandy dolomite, being a soluble rock, is prone to dissolution and erosion caused by groundwater, leading to the formation of underground caves and fractures. This may result in geological disasters such as ground subsidence and collapse. In this paper, the changes and mechanical properties of black sandy dolomite after hydrochemistry are studied. A semi-immersion test with different concentrations of iron sulfate solution was carried out to simulate the water-rock interaction in different water environments. After that, scanning electron microscope (SEM) results could reflect the dissolution and pore development of rock by the effect of water-rock interaction from the microscopic. Water-rock interaction enlarges cracks in rocks and dissolves pyrite, carbonate minerals, and other components, reducing the cementation between particles. The change in the mechanical properties of black sandy dolomite under water-rock chemical interaction was revealed by uniaxial compression test. The mechanical properties of the samples exhibit varying degrees of deterioration, with strain increased ranging from 4.96 to 29.58%. The brittleness index modified (BIM) values for each sample ranged from 5.20 to 6.20%, all of which are larger than 4.70% in the natural state.
Self-Tuning Inference Model for Settlement in Shield Tunneling: A Case Study of the Taipei Mass Rapid Transit System’s Songshan Line
Authors: Cheng Min-Yuan , Khitam Akhmad F. K. , Wang Nan-Chieh
Published: August 2023

Constructing tunnels in urban spaces usually uses shield tunneling. Because of numerous uncertainties related to underground construction, appropriate monitoring systems are required to prevent disasters from happening. This study collected the settlement monitoring data for Tender CG291 of the Songshan Line of the Taipei Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system and considered that influential factors were examined to identify the correlations between predictor variables and settlement outcomes. An inference model based on symbiotic organisms search-least squares support vector machine (SOS-LSSVM) was proposed and trained on the collected data. Moreover, because the dataset used for this study contained far less data at the alert level than at the safe level, the class of the dataset was imbalanced, which could compromise the classification accuracy. This study also employed the probability distribution data balance sampling methods to enhance the forecast accuracy. The results showed that the SOS-LSSVM exhibited the most favorable accuracy compared to four other artificial intelligence-based inference models. Therefore, the proposed model can serve as an early warning reference in tunnel design and construction work.
Evaluation of Wind Energy Recovery from an Underground Mine Exhaust Ventilation System
Authors: Yeboah Douglas , Ackor Noble , Abrowah Emmanuel
Published: August 2023

Wind energy is a reliable renewable source of energy with significant technological advancements. However, recovering wind energy from waste and predictable sources remains untapped. Certain industrial activities emit pollutants while generating wind energy, presenting opportunities for cleaner energy utilization. This study investigates wind energy recovery from an underground mine’s exhaust through experimental research and analysis. It revealed a drop in wind velocity at −2.5162 Hz frequency as distance increased. This frequency predicted a wind speed of 7.67 m/s at 1 m from the exhaust fan in a real mine. Theoretical calculations show significant wind energy potential of 1031.31 kWh over 13 hours, which is equivalent to 79.3 kW. Realistic estimates suggest 55.51 kW wind power can be recovered, yielding 721.63 kWh. Compared with previous studies in the mining industry, recovery potential varies based on site-specific factors. The study shows a recoverable power percentage of 28% theoretically and up to 19.8% realistically, highlighting wind energy’s potential in underground mining. Moreover, the wind energy significantly contributes to the lighting system, enhancing energy efficiency. To optimize recovery, the ventilator fan system is upgraded, multiple fans are used, and optimizing the design is recommended. The study emphasizes continuous research and real-world implementations for energy savings. Utilizing wind energy effectively improves sustainability and reduces reliance on conventional sources, promoting a greener future for mining.
PICH Activates Cyclin A1 Transcription to Drive S-Phase Progression and Chemoresistance in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Ye Huili , Shi Wengui , Yang Jing , Wang Long , Jiang Xiangyan , Zhao Huiming , Qin Long , Qin Junjie , Li Lianshun , Cai Weiwen , Guan Junhong , Yang Hanteng , Zhou Huinian , Yu Zeyuan , Sun Hui , Jiao Zuoyi
Published: August 2023

The chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) remains the backbone of postoperative adjuvant treatment for gastric cancer. However, fewer than half of patients with gastric cancer benefit from 5-FU–based chemotherapies owing to chemoresistance and limited clinical biomarkers. Here, we identified the SNF2 protein Polo-like kinase 1-interacting checkpoint helicase (PICH) as a predictor of 5-FU chemosensitivity and characterized a transcriptional function of PICH distinct from its role in chromosome separation. PICH formed a transcriptional complex with RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and ATF4 at the CCNA1 promoter in an ATPase-dependent manner. Binding of the PICH complex promoted cyclin A1 transcription and accelerated S-phase progression. Overexpressed PICH impaired 5-FU chemosensitivity in human organoids and patient-derived xenografts. Furthermore, elevated PICH expression was negatively correlated with survival in postoperative patients receiving 5-FU chemotherapy. Together, these findings reveal an ATPase-dependent transcriptional function of PICH that promotes cyclin A1 transcription to drive 5-FU chemoresistance, providing a potential predictive biomarker of 5-FU chemosensitivity for postoperative patients with gastric cancer and prompting further investigation into the transcriptional activity of PICH.

Significance:

PICH binds Pol II and ATF4 in an ATPase-dependent manner to form a transcriptional complex that promotes cyclin A1 expression, accelerates S-phase progression, and impairs 5-FU chemosensitivity in gastric cancer.
TABLE 1 from Development and Validation of a 15-gene Expression Signature with Superior Prognostic Ability in Stage II Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rokavec Matjaz , Özcan Elif , Neumann Jens , Hermeking Heiko
Published: August 2023

Patient/tumor characteristic and their associations with the expression of the 15-gene signature in the in-house stage II colorectal cancer validation cohort
Supplementary Table S2 from Whole-genome CpG-resolution DNA Methylation Profiling of HNSCC Reveals Distinct Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis for Fine-scale HPV+ Cancer Subtypes
Authors: Qin Tingting , Li Shiting , Henry Leanne E. , Chou Elysia , Cavalcante Raymond G. , Garb Bailey F. , D'Silva Nisha J. , Rozek Laura S. , Sartor Maureen A.
Published: August 2023

RNA and DNA methylation Gene Set Enrichment results
Supplementary Table S1 from Development and Validation of a 15-gene Expression Signature with Superior Prognostic Ability in Stage II Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rokavec Matjaz , Özcan Elif , Neumann Jens , Hermeking Heiko
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Table S1 shows a list of 394 genes that were significantly associated with survival in CRC patient cohorts.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Development and Validation of a 15-gene Expression Signature with Superior Prognostic Ability in Stage II Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rokavec Matjaz , Özcan Elif , Neumann Jens , Hermeking Heiko
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Figure S2 shows the association of the Oncotype DX colon signature with relapse free survival in the pooled stage II cohort.
Supplementary Results from Whole-genome CpG-resolution DNA Methylation Profiling of HNSCC Reveals Distinct Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis for Fine-scale HPV+ Cancer Subtypes
Authors: Qin Tingting , Li Shiting , Henry Leanne E. , Chou Elysia , Cavalcante Raymond G. , Garb Bailey F. , D'Silva Nisha J. , Rozek Laura S. , Sartor Maureen A.
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Results
FIGURE 4 from Development and Validation of a 15-gene Expression Signature with Superior Prognostic Ability in Stage II Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rokavec Matjaz , Özcan Elif , Neumann Jens , Hermeking Heiko
Published: August 2023

Performance of the 15-gene signature in predicting RFS in training cohorts. A, KM analysis of RFS according to the 15-gene signature classifier in the pooled training dataset. B, ROC graph showing the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC value of the 15-gene signature to predict relapse in the pooled training dataset. The red dot indicates the recurrence score threshold that was used to determine sensitivity and specificity. C, Risk of recurrence as a continuous function of the 15-gene signature recurrence score within 10 years after surgery in the pooled training dataset. The shaded area around the curve represents the lower and upper 95% CI. D–I, KM analysis of RFS according to the 15-gene signature classifier in the indicated training datasets. J–L, KM analysis of OS according to the 15-gene signature classifier in the indicated training datasets.
FIGURE 2 from Development and Validation of a 15-gene Expression Signature with Superior Prognostic Ability in Stage II Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rokavec Matjaz , Özcan Elif , Neumann Jens , Hermeking Heiko
Published: August 2023

Performance of the 61-gene signature in predicting RFS in training cohorts. A, KM analysis of RFS according to the 61-gene signature classifier in the pooled training dataset. B, ROC graph showing the sensitivity, specificity and AUC value of the 61-gene signature to predict relapse in the pooled training dataset. The red dot indicates the recurrence score threshold that was used to determine sensitivity and specificity. C, Risk of recurrence as a continuous function of the 61-gene signature recurrence score within 10 years after surgery in the pooled training dataset. The shaded area around the curve represents the lower and upper 95% confidence interval (CI). D–I, KM analysis of RFS according to the 61-gene signature classifier in the indicated training datasets.
FIGURE 4 from Whole-genome CpG-resolution DNA Methylation Profiling of HNSCC Reveals Distinct Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis for Fine-scale HPV+ Cancer Subtypes
Authors: Qin Tingting , Li Shiting , Henry Leanne E. , Chou Elysia , Cavalcante Raymond G. , Garb Bailey F. , D'Silva Nisha J. , Rozek Laura S. , Sartor Maureen A.
Published: August 2023

Subtype methylation and expression of genes previously reported as differentially methylated by HPV status. A, Rain Cloud plot of differential methylation levels in cis-eQTMs across all 70 genes previously found hypermethylated in HPV(+). B–D, Visualization of example genes related to cell adhesion, cell cycle, and differentiation. Figure format is similar to Fig. 3C–F. Gray lines: IMU or KRT versus HPV(−) significant DMRs. Orange lines: significant cis-eQTMs overlapped with gray lines’ DMRs. CCNA1 is an exception where both IMU and KRT HPV+ tumors display hypermethylation compared with HPV(−).
FIGURE 3 from Whole-genome CpG-resolution DNA Methylation Profiling of HNSCC Reveals Distinct Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis for Fine-scale HPV+ Cancer Subtypes
Authors: Qin Tingting , Li Shiting , Henry Leanne E. , Chou Elysia , Cavalcante Raymond G. , Garb Bailey F. , D'Silva Nisha J. , Rozek Laura S. , Sartor Maureen A.
Published: August 2023

DNA methylation-based gene set enrichment captures gene expression-based pathway-level differences. A, Dotplot for top 40 significant RNA enrichment terms, colored by −log10(P-value) illustrating enrichment results from RNA, DMRs across the whole genome, <5 kb from TSS, exons, and introns. B, Scatter plot for directional RNA and DNA methylation enrichment test results. Right quadrants represent significantly hypermethylated GO terms in IMU; top quadrants represent overexpressed terms in IMU. Red: terms significant with FDR < 0.05 for both methylation and expression. C–F, Specific genes’ visualization from paradigmatic GO terms, top: DNA methylation profile across gene body with 30% gene length flank regions. Gray lines: IMU versus KRT significant DMRs. Orange lines: Significant cis-eQTMs overlapped with DMRs, middle: differential 5hmc peaks in IMU versus KRT, bottom: bar plot for subgroups’ log2cpm expression value with edgeR FDR values. Color: subgroups.
Data from Development and Validation of a 15-gene Expression Signature with Superior Prognostic Ability in Stage II Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rokavec Matjaz , Özcan Elif , Neumann Jens , Hermeking Heiko
Published: August 2023

Currently, there is no consensus about the use of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage II colorectal cancer. Here, we aimed to identify and validate a prognostic mRNA expression signature for the stratification of patients with stage II colorectal cancer according to their risk for relapse. First, publicly available mRNA expression profiling datasets from 792 primary, stage II colorectal cancers from six different training cohorts were analyzed to identify genes that are consistently associated with patient relapse-free survival (RFS). Second, the identified gene expression signature was experimentally validated using NanoString technology and computationally refined on primary colorectal cancer samples from 205 patients with stage II colorectal cancer. Third, the refined signature was validated in two independent publicly available cohorts of 166 patients with stage II colorectal cancer. Bioinformatics analysis of training cohorts identified a 61-gene signature that was highly significantly associated with RFS (HR = 37.08, P = 2.68*10−106, sensitivity = 89.29%, specificity = 89.61%, and AUC = 0.937). The experimental validation and refinement revealed a 15-gene signature that robustly predicted relapse in three independent cohorts: an in-house cohort (HR = 20.4, P = 8.73*10−23, sensitivity = 90.32%, specificity = 80.99%, AUC = 0.812), GSE161158 (HR = 5.81, P = 3.57*10−4, sensitivity = 64.29%, specificity = 81.67%, AUC = 0.796), and GSE26906 (HR = 7.698, P = 7.26*10−8, sensitivity = 61.54%, specificity = 78.33%, AUC = 0.752). In the pooled training cohort, the 15-gene signature (HR = 4.72, P = 7.76*10−25, sensitivity = 75%, specificity = 67.44%, AUC = 0.784) was superior to the Oncotype DX colon 7-gene signature (HR = 2.698, P = 6.3*10−8, sensitivity = 62.16%, specificity = 55.5%, AUC = 0.633). We report the identification and validation of a novel mRNA expression signature for robust prognostication and stratification of patients with stage II colorectal cancer, with superior performance in the analyzed validation cohorts when compared with clinicopathologic biomarkers and signatures currently used for stage II colorectal cancer prognostication.
Significance:
We identified and validated a 15-gene expression signature for robust prognostication and stratification of patients with stage II colorectal cancer, with superior performance when compared with currently used biomarkers. Therefore, the 15-gene expression signature has the potential to improve the prognostication and treatment decisions for patients with stage II colorectal cancer.
Movilidades y experiencia escolar en la periferia urbana de Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: García-Bastán Guido
Published: August 2023

(analítico)Se analizan las intersecciones entre territorio, movilidades y experiencias educativas de jóvenes de un barrio periférico de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. A partir de un abordaje etnográfico, basado en observaciones, talleres de mapeo territorial y entrevistas grupales con estudiantes de nivel secundario, damos cuenta de una monopolización de tiempos y espacios por parte de la escuela, que inhibe su participación en otras esferas sociales significativas. Desde la perspectiva juvenil, la escuela asume una connotación paradojal: es un «buen lugar» para estar, aunque también un ámbito que no satisface demandas específicas relativas a la salud, el respeto a la diversidad y el reconocimiento. El papel de las/os educadoras/es no es impugnado, tanto como el modo en que muchas/os están pudiendo hacer frente a dichas demandas.
Palabras clave:  Joven; escuela secundaria; comunidad; investigación participativa.
Horta em Casa: o que plantar e como cuidar das hortaliças
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Luz Daniel Camargo , Tessari Marina de Ferran ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Elias Matheus Gomes ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Lilli Murilo Januário ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Pacheco Regina Cacioli ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Oliveira Renato Barros de ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz
Published: August 2023

Estudos demonstram que o consumo de frutas e hortaliças traz inúmeros benefícios à saúde e promove a prevenção de doenças como câncer e diabetes, além de melhorar o bem-estar das pessoas. O cultivo de hortaliças em casa é uma ótima opção para as pessoas interessadas em produzir seu próprio alimento, livre de agroquímicos e para o autoconsumo. O objetivo deste guia é apresentar as diferentes possibilidades de produção e controle de hortas urbanas e alimentos caseiros. A obra inclui os seguintes temas: como produzir hortas, pequenos frutos e plantas não convencionais em espaços pequenos; vasos autoirrigáveis no cultivo individual de hortaliças; receitas caseiras para combater; as pragas da horta ou jardim; como reaproveitar e reproduzir os alimentos consumidos em casa; como fazer adubo orgânico e fertilizante líquido caseiro para as plantas; sistema hidropônico de hortaliças.