bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Application of Electronic Chart System in Ocean Navigation
Authors: Liu Qing , Zhang Yuan Liang
Published: February 2014

With rapid development of the geographic information system technique, the electronic chart has come into being and is more and more mature. The electronic chart can provide the accurate and detailed information about the ocean environment, including the depth of water, situation of the seabed, distance from the shore, position, orientation and velocity of the ship, and other useful information. This paper first gives some introduction about the electronic chart. After analyzing the characteristics of the electronic chart, the application of the electronic chart in ocean navigation is provided. Finally the existing problem of the electronic chart and its future development trend are also discussed.
A Dynamic Wavelet Filtering for Anterior Chamber Optical Coherence Tomographic Images
Authors: Du Wen Liang , Tian Xiao Lin , Sun Yan Kui
Published: February 2014

Speckle noise is a common phenomenon in Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images. This paper describes a dynamic filtering approach for anterior chamber OCT images to reduce the speckle noise in wavelet domain. The approach proposed segments the OCT image into some parts and identifies if the parts have region of interest (ROI), which includes the anterior chamber tissues. Then, it suppresses noise with three different suppression strategies in part with ROI. For the part without ROI, it sets the discrete wavelet transform coefficients of this part to zero. Here, the sampling-based sub-band adaptive algorithm is used to distinguish the ROI; and the correlations of neighboring wavelet coefficients and the coefficients of the corresponding locations in adjacent decomposition levels are used to suppress the noise. The performance improvement over the previously published method is quantified in terms of noise suppression, image structural preservation and visual quality. The numerical values of the image quality metrics along with the qualitative analysis results indicated that the approach proposed has better performance.
Experimental Investigation of a Bridge under Traffic Loadings
Authors: Xiao Feng , Chen Gang S. , Hulsey J. Leroy
Published: February 2014

A set of dynamic field tests were conducted on the Chulitna River Bridge recently. The Chulitna River Bridge, built in 1970, is located at Historic Mile Post 133 on the Parks Highway between Fairbanks and Anchorage, Alaska. Ambient free-decay response approach is used to estimate the dynamic properties of the bridge. Stationary and dynamic tests on the acceleration responses of the bridge recorded at different locations and in different directions during traveling vehicle passing the bridge. The natural frequencies are identified are characterized by the FFT methods. Results show that there are several components at 1.50, 2.20, 2.85, 3.23, 4.58 Hz are characterized, 2.85, 3.23, 4.58 Hz are bridge vertical mode; 1.50, 2.20 Hz are the longitudinal mode of bridge. Compared with the finite element model results, the measured results matched very well. The modal parameters identified from the bridge responses recorded at different locations are compared with each other to check their consistency, and are compared with FEM analytical results. The results demonstrated that (1) the modal parameters consistent with the FEM results; (2) The modal frequencies results are very sensitive to measurement locations, as such, multiple measurement points are necessary, and the optimization of measurement location is critical to conduct the test efficiently; (3). The identified modal properties of the Chulitna River Bridge could be used as benchmark in on-going health monitoring studies of this bridge.
Recognition Model Based Feature Extraction and Kernel Extreme Learning Machine for High Dimensional Data
Authors: Shi Yan , Zhao Li Jie , Tang Jian
Published: February 2014

High dimensional data such as mass-spectrometric and near-infrared spectrum are always used in disease diagnosis and product quality monitoring. Aim at the nonlinear feature extraction and low learning speed problems, a novel modeling approach combined principal component analysis (PCA) with kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) is proposed. The extracted features using PCA algorithms are fed into nonlinear classification based KELM with fast learning speed. The numbers of the features are selected according the classification performance. The experimental results based on the mass-spectrometric data in the benchmark demonstrate that the proposed approach has better performance. This approach can also be used to target recognition based on radar data.
Feature Selection Approach based on Mutual Information and Partial Least Squares
Authors: Shi Qiang , Tang Jian , Zhao Li Jie
Published: February 2014

Feature selection technology can improve the modeling accuracy and reduce model’s complexity, especially for the high dimensional spectral data. Aim at this problem, feature selection approach based on mutual information (MI) and partial least square (PLS) is proposed in this paper. MI values between features and responsible variable are calculated, and the threshold value using to select final features is optimal selected based on PLS algorithm. The numbers of the latent values of the PLS and the threshold value of MI are selected according the modeling performance simultaneously. The experimental results based on the near-infrared spectrum show that the proposed approach has better performance.
The Model Reference Adaptive Control of the DC Electric Drive System
Authors: Gaiceanu Marian , Eni Cristian , Coman Mihaita , Paduraru Romeo
Published: February 2014

Due to the parametric and structural uncertainty of the DC drive system, an adaptive control method is necessary. Therefore, an original model reference adaptive control (MRAC) for DC drives is proposed in this paper. MRAC ensures on-line adjustment of the control parameters with DC machine parameter variation. The proposed adaptive control structure provides regulating advantages: asymptotic cancellation of the tracking error, fast and smooth evolution towards the origin of the phase plan due to a sliding mode switching k-sigmoid function. The reference model can be a real strictly positive function (the tracking error is also the identification error) as its order is relatively higher than one degree. For this reason, the synthesis of the adaptive control will use a different type of error called augmented or enhanced error. The DC machine with separate excitation is fed at a constant flux. This adaptive control law assures robustness to external perturbations and to unmodelled dynamics.
Monotone Constraint Model Applied to the Reliability Growth Evaluation of Electromechanical Products
Authors: Huang Min , Yi Jun , Wang Wei
Published: February 2014

Reliability growth assessment is an important part of the reliability growth management. According to the characteristic that the lifetime of electromechanical product obeys the Weibull distribution, the thesis provides a monotonous constraint model of reliability growth of Weibull distribution, including complete Samples and censored samples. The method proposed in this paper has been verified by actual data, and has good adaptability. The comprehensive evaluation results of MTBF are higher than those got through only utilizing the test data of the last stage.Background Information
Pervasive Environment for Gases Detection and Collapses in Underground Mines
Authors: Molina Snider , Soto Ismael , Sun Lily , Liu Ke Cheng
Published: February 2014

Safety is an element of extreme priority in mining operations; currently many traditional mining countries are investing in the implementation of wireless sensors capable of detecting risk factors. The objective of this research is to contribute to the implementation of sensors for continuous monitoring inside underground mines providing technical parameters for the design of sensor networks applied in underground coal mines. The analyzed of applying these systems in terms of Benefit, Opportunity, Cost and Risk are discussed. Finally, a dynamic assessment of safety at underground mines it is proposed, this approach offers a contribution to design personalized monitoring networks, the experience developed in coal mines provides a tool that facilitates the application development of technology within underground coal mines.
SmartModels – Contributions to Developing an Evolving Platform for Mechatronic Software Systems
Authors: Țundrea Emanuel , Steinke Gerhard , Pop Ioan G.
Published: February 2014

This paper applies the SmartModels approach for building software product lines (SPL), illustrated through the example of modeling a mechatronics framework for designing anti-lock braking system (ABS) embedded software solutions. This example proves the expressiveness of the SmartModels approach to capture within a model sufficient meta-information to enable the design of families of entities from the mechatronics domain, taking advantage of the polymorphism and abstraction properties of object-oriented approaches and parameterized genericity.
Study on the Miter Gate Fault Diagnosis Methods Based on Vibration Signals
Authors: Zhao Mei Yun , Wang Jie , Qin Xiang Xiao , Kang Xiao Ni , Wang Rui Feng
Published: February 2014

This miter gates of Three Gorges Dam and Gezhou Dam open and close frequently under low speeds and heavy loading conditions. The moving componets, including hoist, door shaft, roof pivot and bottom pivot, work long-term and go wrong easily. The traditional periodic maintenance and fault overhaul are ineffective and may cause damage and waste. With the No.1 ship lock maintenance of Gezhou Dam, the top pivots poor lubrication operating mode was simulated. The vibration signal of top hub reinforcement plate was collected before and after overhaul, then several signal processing and analysis techniques were selected for research on fault diagnosis methods. The results illustrate that it is feasible to achieve miter gate faults diagnosis based on vibration signal detection technology, which has certain guiding significance on miter gate maintenance.
Jamming Effectiveness of Noise Amplitude Modulation Signal to Pesudo-Random Code Fuze
Authors: Li Shuai , Yan Xiao Peng , Wang Jian Tao , Li Ping
Published: February 2014

Pseudo-random code fuze has strong anti-interference ability. The paper studies about the jamming effectiveness of noise amplitude modulation operating on pseudo-random code fuze. Firstly the operating principle of pseudo-random code fuze is introduced. Then we analysis the characteristic of the noise amplitude modulation signal, following that is the study on the pseudo-random code fuze responses at all levels under noise amplitude modulation signal jamming. Studies have shown that the value of pseudo-random code fuze correlator output will decrease linearly as noise power increases when the power of noise amplitude modulation is low, but tends to be constant when the power of noise amplitude modulation arrives at a certain level. So under noise amplitude modulation jamming, higher jamming power doesnt show the best performance, but there is an optimal value of jamming power.
Application of Electronic Nose for Detection of Wine-Aging Methods
Authors: Wei Yang Ji , Yang Li Li , Liang Ying Ping , Li Jing Ming
Published: February 2014

This study reports the application of an electronic nose for the identification and classification of red wines aged three different methods. The signals of the different wines detected by the 10 sensors present in the E-nose are significantly different from each other. The response to the signal generates a typical chemical fingerprint of the volatile compounds present in the wines. Principal Component Analysis can be applied for the dimensionality reduction of the collected signal. Since the total contribution rate of the first three principal components is up to 97.27%, different wines can be distinguished from each other by the three principal components. Euclidean distance, correlation analysis, Mahalanobis distance and linear discrimination analysis can offer 100% accuracy for known samples, and the accuracy rate can reach 88.9% for the 18 test samples. In addition, numerous advantages exist compared with sensory analysis in both authentication and quality control of wines.
Oscillation for a Mechanical Controlled System with Time Delay
Authors: Feng Chun Hua
Published: February 2014

In this paper, by means of the method of mathematical analysis, a mechanical controlled system with time delay has been investigated. Some sufficient conditions have been provided to guarantee the oscillation of the system. Numerical simulation demonstrates the result.
Design and Simulation of K Band RF MEMS Tunable Combline Filter
Authors: Deng Zhong Liang , Cao Xing Jie
Published: February 2014

Tunable bandpass filters are generally preferred and are used extensively in the mobile communication systems. In this paper, a design of the RF MEMS tunable combline bandpass filter is proposed. Firstly, the theory of the RF MEMS tunable combline bandpass filter is presented. Secondly, a combline bandpass filter which have a tunable frequency range from 18GHz to 27GHz is designed and simulated by using the EDA simulation software. Its bandwidth is about 1GHz in the tunable frequency range. From the simulation results, the designed filter is not only compact and effortless to fabricate but also relatively superior in some aspects.
Single Cell Traffic of Swimming Green Paramecia on Microchips with Micro-Flow Channels Fabricated by Micro-Casting
Authors: Otsuka Kohei , Maruta Sayaka , Noriyasu Atsuko , Nakazawa Kohji , Kawano Tomonori
Published: February 2014

Members of Paramecium species are often referred to as “swimming neurons or sensory cells” applicable to micro-biorobotics or BioMEMS (biological micro-electro-mechanical systems). Paramecium bursaria known as green paramecia is an unicellular organism that lives widely in fresh water environments such as rivers and ponds. Recent studies have suggested that in vivo cellular robotics using the living cells of green paramecia as micro-machines controllable under electrical, optical and magnetic signals, has a variety of engineering applications such as transportation of micro-sized particles (ingested within the cells) in the capillary systems. In the present study, we aimed to test if the swimming environment of green paramecia can be implementable on microchips. For this purpose, the series of microchips were prepared for cellular swimming platform for green paramecia through fabrication of poly(methyl methacrylate) master plates using the programmable micro-milling system followed by polydimethylsiloxane-based micro-casting. Finally, microchips equipped with optimally sized micro-flow channels for allowing the single cell traffic by swimming green paramecia were successfully prepared, and thus further studies for application of green paramecium cells in BioMEMS are encouraged.
Absolute Pressure Sensor Based on Standard CMOS Process
Authors: Yu Ting , Peng Ben Xian , Yu Feng Qi
Published: February 2014

A CMOS compatible absolute pressure sensor with extend floating gate is developed with simple circuitry to realize high sensitivity, linearity, and manufacturability. The pressure sensitive membrane formation is based on the standard CMOS process with simple metal sacrificial layer removal step, which is very cost-efficient and fully CMOS compatible, enabling monolithic integration of circuitry. ANSYS and SPICE simulation results show that the proposed sensor can worked properly under 500K Pa, and the square sensing membrane of 100x100 μm 2 shows a good linearity over a pressure change ranging from 5 Pa to 500K Pa.
Numerical Simulation of the Optimum Geometry Parameters of a New Type Jet Pump
Authors: Mao Wen Yuan , Zhang Yun , Hu Ming Fu , Bie Yu , Chang Jing Hua
Published: February 2014

A new type of gas-gas jet pump was designed. According to the special structure of the jet pump, the jetting performance of different nozzle structure and the distance between the throat and the nozzle was numerically analyzed based on the Fluent and the standard turbulent model, and the effect of different nozzle geometrical parameters and the distance between the throat and the nozzle was investigated. The optimum nozzle structure and the distance between the throat and the nozzle were obtained according to the driving fluid mass flow quantity (the suction quantity). The results showed that the optimum parameters of the jet pump were as follows: flare mouth diameter was 400mm, the nozzle outlet diameter was 25mm, the optimum distance between the throat and the nozzle was 60mm.
Bioethanol Production from Pineapple Peel Juice Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Pornpunyapat Jutarut , Chotigeat Wilaiwan , Chetpattananondh Pakamas
Published: February 2014

Bioethanol is widely used as renewable resource due to its safe to produce and environmentally friendly. However, knowledge on ethanol production from pineapple peel juice (Pattawia spp) is far from sufficient. In this work, pineapple peel juice (initial pH at 5) was fermented at various yeast contents (1, 3 and 5% by wt.) and fermentation times (3, 5 and 7 days) in order to investigate ethanol production characteristics. Yeast, Sacchromyces cerevisiae was grown on pineapple peel juice. The squeezed juice contained 11% of total sugar and 5% of reducing sugar. The results indicated that the optimum ethanol production was yeast contents of 5% by wt. and fermentation times of 5 days which gave the ethanol production of 9.08g/l. The ethanol at a higher yeast content also had a higher ethanol concentration.
A Novel Plasma-Chemical Process of Metallic Layer Deposition From Small-Size Volatile Metal Complexes
Authors: Polyakov Maxim S. , Badalyan Aram M. , Kaichev Vasily V. , Igumenov Igor K.
Published: February 2014

Metallic copper ultra-thin layers were synthesized by modified PE CVD method from low-sized volatile metal complexes consisting of small (2- to 5atomic) ligand molecules. To characterize the deposited copper layers the X-ray photoelectron (XPS), infrared (FTIR) and UV-vis spectroscopy, SEM, XRD analyses were used. The layers were found to be nanocrystalline and have a nanoscale grain structure with parameters depending on the experimental conditions. It was revealed that plasma activation decreases mean size of copper grains and increases its stability on the air. The microstructure of the layers was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and diffraction of synchrotron radiation (DSR) methods, and chemical composition with a predominant content of copper in the metallic state Cu0.
Removal of Pesticides by Organic Montmorillonite Composites
Authors: Wang Xue Si , Ma Hai Bo , Li Guo Bing , He Jia Bei , Na Ping
Published: February 2014

The removal of pesticides (quintozene, α-BHC, Aldrin and pp′-DDT) by phenyltrimethylammonium bromide (PTMAB) modified montmorillonites(PTMAB-MMT) was investigated. The results showed that these four kinds of pestcides have high affinity with PTMAB-MMT. The composites were characterized by FTIR and XRD. Further, the removal experiments of pesticides in ginseng extracts were carried out. The Ginsenosides were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry showed that the loss of Ginsenosides was less than 4%. It can be concluded that the PTMAB-MMT is a promising material in pesticide pollution treatment
Preparation and Properties of Novel Nano-Cu-Vermiculite Composite for Iodineion Extraction in the Phosphoric Acid
Authors: Xiao Ling Ling , Wang Na , Na Ping
Published: February 2014

Nano-Cu-vermiculite composite with high distribution coefﬁcients and adsorption capacity towards iodine ion in phosphoric acid systemwere prepared. This material was prepared by loading organic and copper salts with an ion exchange method on vermiculite substrate. Adsorption kinetic and role of phosphoric acid was discussed. Adsorption kinetic experiments indicated that more than 90% of the iodine was absorbed by the composite within the first 30 min and the adsorption kinetic ﬁtted the pseudo-second-order model well. Phosphoric acid has little effect on the extraction, which provides a theoretical basis for the extraction of iodine in the wet-process phosphoric acid. Various characterization methods including SEM, and TG/DTA were utilized for the evaluation of nano-Cu-vermiculite composite. The interlayer spacing increased after CTAB and copper were inserted in vermiculite, and the size of sphere nanocopper in the range of 50-100 nm distribute on the surface and in the interlayer. Therefore the nano-Cu-vermiculite adsorbent has a promising application in iodine extraction from the wet-process phosphoric acid.
The Phase Structure and Electrochemical Properties of La4MgNi19-xCox(x=0～2) Hydrogen Storage Alloys
Authors: Lu Huan Huan , Wei Fan Song , Wei Fan Na
Published: February 2014

The influence of substitution Co for Ni on the phase structure and electrochemical properties of La4MgNi19 phase composition alloys have been investigated systematically.The structure analyses show that the alloys are mainly composed of multiphase,such as CaCu5 phase ,Pr5Co19 phase and Ce5Co19 phase.The electrochemical measurement showed that alloy electrodes could be activated in 2-3 cycles, with increasing of x value, the maximum discharge capacity gradually increased from 345.7 mA·h/g (x = 0.0) to 382.8 mA·h/g (x = 2.0), cyclic stability increased a little ,but high-rate dischargeability (HRD) decreased somewhat. It is found that the HRD was mainly controlled by the electrocatalytic activity on the alloy electrode surface,and the improvement of cyclic stability was due to the increase of CaCu5 phase and Ce5Co19 phase . CaCu5 phase increased with increasing Co content. Ce5Co19 phase has a small corrosion rate in the electrochemical cycle.
Composition of the Middle Phase Microemulsion Formed by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfonate/1-Alcohol/n-Alkane/Water
Authors: Yang Xiao Deng , Zhang Hua Yong , Chai Jin Ling
Published: February 2014

The composition of the microemulsion plays a key role in modulating the formation of nanoparticles of inorganic materials. In order to understand the modulating mechanism, the composition of the middle phase microemulsion formed by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfonate/ 1-Alcohol/ n-Alkane/ Water quaternary system was studied by δ-γ phase diagram. A series of phase inversions O/W (2) → B.C.(3) → W/O( ) were observed with the increase in 1-alcohol concentration. Some physicochemical parameters, such as the coordinates of the start (βΒ, εB) and end points (βE, εE) of the middle-phase microemulsion, the mass fractions of AS (CS) and 1-alcohol (CA) in the total system, and the solubilities of AS (SO) and 1-alcohol (AO) in oil phase, were calculated. The influences of n-alkanes, 1-alcohol and concentration of NaCl solution on the composition of middle phase microemulsion were significantly.
Properties of Copper-Based Composite Reinforced with Al2O3 Particles of Different Size
Authors: Rajkovic Viseslava , Bozic Dusan , Stasic Jelena , Jovanovic Milan T. , Wang Huai Wen
Published: February 2014

Copper matrix was simultaneously reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles via high-energy milling of the mixture of inert gas-atomized prealloyed Cu-1 wt.% Al powder and 0.6 wt.% commercial Al2O3 powder. At the maximum of microhardness (2400 MPa) the grain size reaches the smallest value as a result of the synergetic effect of nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles. The relatively low decrease in microhardness during HTE may be explained by grain growth which is retarded by Al2O3 nano-sized particles precipitated at the grain boundaries.
Application of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation for the Formation of Magnetoactive Oxide Layes
Authors: Rudnev Vladimir S. , Lukiyanchuk I.V. , Adigamova M.V. , Ustinov A.Yu. , Kharitonskii P.V. , Frolov A.M. , Tkachenko I.A. , Morozova V.P.
Published: February 2014

Using plasma electrolytic oxidation technique we obtained ferromagnetic coatings on titanium and alluminium. The measured coercive force, ~ 100 Oe at room temperature, is closer to the values corresponding to magnetically hard materials. The coatings are of interest as protective electromagnetic screens. The coatings were studied by XRD, XPS, XSA and SEM. There are crystallites of ~50 nm in size containing reduced and oxidized iron in the pores of the coatings. We consider that magnetic properties of the coatings are related with these crystallites.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ni/Al2O3 Nanocomposite for Selective Reduction of Aliphatic Double Bond(s)
Authors: Ullah Hameed
Published: February 2014

Ni nanoparticles dispersed in Al2O3 are prepared in-situ by the reduction of Ni(acac)2 under steady stream of [H2Al(OtBu)]2 in a cold walled CVD reactor. The decomposition temperature is moderate (~500°C) and the by-products are removed as soon as produced. The resulting powder of Ni/Al2O3 nanocomposite is characterized by powder XRD giving diffraction pattern for metallic Ni only. Elemental composition of the powder is confirmed by EDX analysis. SEM and TEM are used for the study of morphology and particle size determination. The aliphatic double bond in 1,2-trans-diphenylethene is reduced under hydrogen environment using the as prepared Ni/Al2O3 nanocomposite as catalyst. The reduction of 1,2-trans-diphenylethene is carried out at low temperature (~80°C) and atmospheric hydrogen pressure. The hydrogenation of aliphatic double bond is followed by IR and NMR spectroscopy.
Hydrothermal-Based Synthesis of CdS/ZnO Quantum Dots
Authors: Chen Xian Lan , Liu Wei , Zhang Ju Cheng , Pan Qing Shan , Huang Du Shu , Dong Lin Xiang
Published: February 2014

In this article, the CdS and CdS/ZnO quantum dots (QDs) were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method. The optimal reaction conditions of CdS/ZnO QDs were obtained through experiment as follows: the pH value of solution is 10.0, the reaction temperature is 140 °C and reaction time is 24 h. While the pH value is up to10.0, Zinc ion exist in solution with Zn (OH)2 and Zn (OH)42-, which is apt to adsorb on the surface of CdS, and form to ZnO shell under the hydrothermal condition, so CdS/ZnO QDs are synthesized successfully. The photographic images and fluorescence emission spectra results showed that the colour and the peak position of fluorescence spectra of CdS/ZnO QDs is consistent with literatures, which confirming the feasibility of this method.
Carbon Nanotube Composite Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring of Bridge Structures
Authors: Tan Andy Chit
Published: February 2014

Bridges are important infrastructures of all nations and are required for transportation of goods as well as human. A catastrophic failure can result in loss of lives and enormous financial hardship to the nation. Although various kinds of sensors are now available to monitor the health of the structures due to corrosion, they do not provide permanent and long term measurements. This paper investigates the fabrication of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) based composite sensors for corrosion detection of structures. Multi-wall CNT (MWCNT)/Nafion composite sensors were fabricated to evaluate their electrical properties for corrosion detection. The test specimens were subjected to real life corrosion experimental tests and the results confirm that the electrical resistance of the sensor electrode was dramatically changed due to corrosion.
The Properties of Nanocarbontubes Cement Mortar Incorporating Mineral Additives
Authors: Ferdiansyah Teuku , Abdul Razak Hashim
Published: February 2014

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the influence of mineral additives i.e. metakaolin, silica fume, rice ash and fly ash incorporating with nanocarbontubes mortar composites. The effects on compressive strength at 28 days were also discussed and presented. Cement content of 500 kg/m3, water/cement ratio of 0.6 and aggregate/cement ratio of 2.75 were adopted for the mix propotion. 1%, 3% and 5% of nanocarbontubes in mortar were combined with 15% of mineral additives. The results show that mixtures of nanocarbontubes with 15% of metakaolin produce better strength compared to normal mortar. Meanwhile with addition of fly ash and rice husk ash the strength were decreased. The electrical resistance for all mixes at 28 days were also discussed and presented. The higher percentages of nanocarbon with addition of all mineral additives resulted in lower electrical resistance properties
Synthetic Meshes and their Interaction with Biological Tissues in Laser Exposure
Authors: Baybekov Iskander M. , Sadikov Nabijon S. , Butaev Azamat Kh.
Published: February 2014

The interactions of different kind of synthetic meshes with tissuses and influence of low-intensive laser irradiation – LILI was studied in experiment. Vistar white rats were used. For morphological investigations light and scanning electron microscopy – SEM. SEM revealed the complex structure of synthetic meshes `especially of PTFE mesh. Light-optical studies have shown that the implantation of meshes cause, in the early period of observation, moderate inflammatory reaction. LILI help in reducing of the alterative inflammation phase and leads to concluding with formation of soft connective tissue capsule on the surface of the mesh.
Measurement of Tribological Parameters
Authors: Labašová Eva , Ďuriš Rastislav
Published: February 2014

The contribution deals with measurement of the coefficient of friction in the sliding joint. Rotanional sliding pair, which was tested, is described in this paper. Their tribological characteristics were measured by test equipment Tribotestor`89. The value of the coefficient of friction for the bushings from brass, aluminium and polyamide for chosen load (the sliding speed, loading, duration) are analysed in the paper. The largest decrease in the size of the coefficient of friction was recorded for bushings from aluminium, its value have decreased by 87.5% during the run up. Decrease of the coefficient of friction was recorded about 82% for bushings from brass and about 72% for bushings from polyamide. Run up lasted 10 minutes in all tests.
Creep of the Steam Pipeline with Wall Thickness Nonuniformity
Authors: Stanisław Lopata
Published: February 2014

The critical components of industrial plants, in this the high-pressure steam pipelines undergo continued destroy process. For this reason, an efficient diagnostic procedure during the whole operating period is required. Particularly, the most important are creep measurements performed periodically. The numerical simulations of steam pipeline creep phenomenon refer to the influence wall thickness nonuniformity on obtaining creep strain. The calculation was carried out with finite element model using computer software ANSYS Multiphysics. The obtained results present acceptable accordance with the long time measurements executed on the real object.
Elasto-Plastic Analysis Using Natural Strain: Shape of Yield Surface Generated after Pre-Deformation of Large Simple Shear
Authors: Kato Yasuyuki , Kazama Akihiro
Published: February 2014

The Natural Strain suggested in this paper satisfies the additive law of strain on an identical line element in a body. Therefore, it can be defined from anywhere on the basis of the deformed intermediate state. So, this is an effective strain notation to describe the phenomenon that depends on the deformation history such as the plastic deformation. In this paper, the shape of the yield surface generated after applying the pre-deformation of large simple shear is estimated on the basis of the Natural Strain theory. Using the test pieces made of pure copper, which is already subjected to the pre-deformation of large simple shear, the proportional loading tests for combined loading of tension and torsion are carried out beyond the elastic region. The yield stress for each direction in the stress space is determined by investigating the tangent modulus of deviatoric stress- deviatoric strain curve, and the shape of yield surface is elucidated by comparing with the shape by conventional proof stress.
Crush Response of Polyurethane Foam-Filled Aluminium Tube Subjected to Axial Loading
Authors: Thinvongpituk Chawalit , Onsalung Nirut
Published: February 2014

In this paper, the experimental investigation of polyurethane (PU) foam-filled into circular aluminum tubes subjected to axial crushing was presented. The purpose of this study is to improve the energy absorption of aluminium tube under axial quasi-static load. The aluminium tube was made from the AA6063-T5 aluminium alloy tubes. Each tube was filled with polyurethane foam. The density of foam was varied from 100, 150 and 200 kg/mP3P including with empty tube. The range of diameter/thickness (D/t) ratio of tube was varied from 15-55. The specimen were tested by quasi-static axial load with crush speed of 50 mm/min using the 2,000 kN universal testing machine. The load-displacement curves while testing were recorded for calculation. The mode of collapse of each specimen was analyzed concerning on foam density and the influence of D/t ratio. The results revealed that the tube with foam-filled provided significantly increment of the energy absorption than that of the empty tube. While the density of foam and D/t ratios increase, the tendency of collapse mode is transformed from asymmetric mode to concertina mode.
Elucidating Corrosion Performance of Weld in CO2 Corrosion Environment
Authors: Ab Rahman A.A. , Ismail M.C.
Published: February 2014

Weld corrosion is suspected to contribute to localized corrosion failure of pipelines in CO2 environment. Some studies on the mitigation of the weld corrosion had been focused on weld metal micro-alloying producing cathodic weld metal but with mixed success result. The inconsistent result is due to lack of understanding on the mechanism of weld corrosion in this corrosive CO2 environment. This paper presents the study of the possibility of weld corrosion from the galvanic and self-corrosion effects of welded low carbon steel ASTM 106 B pipeline in pH 5-CO2 saturated environment at 25 °C and 60 °C under stagnant condition. The weld region samples were prepared by metallography method to identify the parent metal (PM), heat affected zone (HAZ) and weld metal (WM) microstructures. Galvanic current was measured for each weld region by zero resistance ammeters (ZRA) and self-corrosion rate was measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The total corrosion rate was determined from the summation of galvanic corrosion and self-corrosion for all weld regions. From the galvanic current test result, weld metal was found to be anodic for both 25 °C and 60 °C. Weld metal also experienced the highest self-corrosion rate in the range of 40-98% as compared to parent metal and HAZ region for both 25 °C and 60°C. The total corrosion rate was mainly contributed by the self-corrosion rates and the contribution from galvanic corrosion was considered insignificant. Possible preferential weld corrosion can occur on weld metal region due to differential self-corrosion rates of each weld regions.
The Structure-Phase Compositions and Mechanical Properties of Ni-Cr-Al-Based Alloy after Strong Deformation and Low-Temperature Aging
Authors: Alontseva Darya , Russakova Alyona
Published: February 2014

This paper presents the analysis of new results of experimental investigating of the structure-phase compositions and mechanical properties of Ni-Cr-Al-based alloy after strong deformation and low temperature aging. We empirically established the isolation of new phase at long aging at 673 K in the result of complex reaction of recrystallization and cellular precipitation. The analysis of kinetic dependence of mechanical properties testifies to strengthening influence of a new phase.
Surface Modification of Natural Rubber Film with PMMA Nanoparticles Stabilized by Chitosan or its Derivative
Authors: Arpornwichanop Thanida , Kanjanathaworn Nuttakun , Tangboriboonrat Pramuan
Published: February 2014

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) latex particles stabilized by chitosan (CS) or N,N,N-trimethylated chitosan (TMC) (50% degree of quaternization) were prepared via the miniemulsion polymerization. The spherical PMMA-CS nanoparticles (342 nm) were then deposited onto sulphur-prevulcanized natural rubber (SPNR) film via the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technique. The aims were to reduce the surface friction of rubber film and to avoid the direct contact between SPNR and human skin which might cause the allergic problem for some hypersensitive users. Results confirmed the presence of PMMA-CS particles which caused an increase in the surface roughness of SPNR from 46 to 57. However, the PMMA-CS did not exhibit the antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the antimicrobial activity against E.coli and S.aureus of the SPNR film coated with PMMA-TMC particles is investigated.
Eddy Current Defect Detection of Side Transverse Crack in Railhead by Integrating Experiment with Simulation
Authors: Song Zeng Lu , Yamada Tsutomu , Shitara Hideki , Takemura Yasushi
Published: February 2014

This study investigated the use of an eddy current technique for detecting side transverse cracks in a railhead. Quantitative analysis of defect signals in a railhead with side transverse cracks was realized through actual defect detection and finite-element simulation. In eddy current testing of the railhead, first, the general pattern of variation in the detected signals was obtained for different sizes of cracks via actual defect detection of rail samples. Then, finite-element simulation was used to verify the accuracy of the experimental results and to test the relationships between the detected signals and the size and depth of the cracks. The simulation results show that an extremely linear relation between crack depth and output signals in quantitative length of crack cases. In the results, simulation results can be applied to the analysis of the actual detected data. The eddy-current-defect detection method that combined experiment with simulation was very effective and can be applied in future research.
RETRACTED: Correlation of the Transition Metal Compound Ternary Nitride Thin Films
Authors: Jiang Yong Jun
Published: February 2014

Thin films of MXN (M stands for early transition metal and X = Si, Ge, Sn) are studied as protective coatings. To extend the knowledge about the formation of nanocomposite films, various MXN systems have been compared. TiSiN, TiGeN, TiSnN, NbSiN, ZrSiN and CrSiN thin films were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering, from confocal targets in a mixed Ar/N2 atmosphere. The chemical reactivity of germanium and tin with nitrogen is significantly lower than that of Si and Ti. Therefore, the TiGeN and TiSnN systems are different from TiSiN. Important changes in the morphology and structure of MXNfilms are induced by X addition. Nanocrystalline composite films are formed in all these investigated ternary systems.
Water Penetration Resistance of Green Concrete Incorporating with Quarry Wastes
Authors: Sinthaworn Suppachai , Teerajetgul Wasan , Sirivachiraporn Attasit
Published: February 2014

In this study, the workability, the compressive strength and the water penetration depth under pressure for concrete incorporate with quarry waste as fine aggregate were investigated. The mix proportions of concrete were set into two classes of water to cement ratio (w/c = 0.4, 0.6). The first class (C1), the mix proportion is 1.0:0.6:2.0:4.0 (Cement: Water: Fine: Coarse). And the second class (C2), the mix proportion is 1.0:0.4:1.5:3.0 and adding the superplasticizer 1% of cement weight. The natural river sand, which use in concrete, was partially replaced by quarry dust at the rates of 0% (no quarry dust), 50% and 100 % by weight of fine aggregate. The results show that concrete containing quarry wastes as fine aggregate decreased the workability and do not significantly affect the 28-day compressive strength whereas concrete incorporating with quarry dusts reduces the water penetration depth.
Research of Interlaminar Defects of an Elliptic Form in Elements Designs from Layered Materials
Authors: Rogov Vitaly Evdokimovich , Bokhoeva Ljubov Aleksandrovna , Filippova Xenia Anatolyevna
Published: February 2014

Subsurface interlaminar defects represent the main threat to wide application of layered materials. For subsurface defects the buckling of an exfoliating layer is characteristic. Thin exfoliating a layer at compression buckling, causing big tension on limit of defect. It can become considerable the reason of the general destruction of a design at loading smaller settlement level.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Nanostructured Titanium Processed by Warm ECAP Followed Cold Rolling
Authors: van Hai Dinh , Giang Nguyen Trong
Published: February 2014

In this work, ECAP technique was combined with cold rolling process in order to enhance mechanical properties and microstructure of pure Titanium. Coarse grain (CG) Titanium with original grain size of 150 μm had been pressed by ECAP at 425oC by 4, 8 and 12 passes, respectively. This process then was followed by rolling at room temperature with 35%, 55%, and 75% rolling strains. After two steps, mechanical properties such as strength, hardness and microstructure of processed Titanium have been measured. The result indicated significant effect of cold rolling on tensile strength, hardness and microstructure of ECAP-Titanium.
Defining Parameters of Shear Resistance on Oil Shale Samples
Authors: Ljubojev Milenko , Popović Ratomir , Bugarin Mile , Ignjatović Dragan , Ignjatović Lidija Đurđevac
Published: February 2014

The research environment is a transversely isotropic model, which is characterized with constant physical mechanical properties in different directions in the plane of isotropy, and a different properties in the direction perpendicular to the plane of isotropy. For defining parameters of shear resistance of shale (transversely isotropic model) in three mutually perpendicular directions, it is necessary to prepare 9 (nine) samples, size (8x8x8) [c, using the Mor-Coulomb's law, where the destruction of rock happens in plane of the least resistance to shear. This paper presents results got from tests performed in geomechanical laboratory.
Novel Prediction Analysis Method for Error Separation of Stylus System and CMM Machine
Authors: Ali Salah H.R.
Published: February 2014

Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) is nowadays widely used for a large range of accurate and precise dimensional measurements. The strategy of µ-scale measurement is expected to carry out with ever-increasing performance in term of root error separation for stylus system and CMM machine accuracy. The experimental analysis method in this paper aims to study the effect of dynamic root errors at different undulations per revolution (UPR) response of artifact measurement using selected two types of CMM touch-triggering stylus. Direction of stylus characteristics and stylus speed parameters were adopted and emphasized upon throughout the course of experiment. The results were investigated using Fourier analysis could thus be derived to ensure foreseeable accurate and precise results of CMM machine and stylus errors. Some specific error equations for stylus system and machine responses have been postulated and analysed empirically. The results may also employ validating an experimental investigation to detection accuracy development using PRISMO-Bridge-CMM-type in NIS.
Research on the Performance of Strain Sensors Applied to Bridges
Authors: Liu Zhi , Liu Jing , Cai Shu Ri
Published: February 2014

Strengthening safety monitoring of bridges during service time and improving the capability of emergency support have become the priority of the development of China’s present transportation system. Strain sensors play a great role in bridge detection and health monitoring system. In order to overcome disadvantages of traditional resistance strain sensors, such as big temperature drift, short life and inadaptability in the environment of low temperature and humidity, new arch strain sensors have been developed. This paper mainly discusses the structural and material characteristics of this sensor, as well as the performance test analysis of this strain sensor.
Study of Tension Field Expansion on Composite Steel Plate Due to Fiber Reinforced Polymer Layer Action
Authors: Rahai Alireza , Hatami Farzad
Published: February 2014

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) strengthening of structures has been gaining increasing interest, traditionally in application with concrete structures, and more recently in application with steel structures. Because of their unique blend of properties, composites reinforced with high performance fibers find use in many structural applications. This paper defines the effect of FRP layers on behaviour of steel plate. In this regard, some models are selected and tested by rigid frame and actuator. The experimental model is connected to a rigid frame. The FRP layer acts similar to a lateral support for the steel plate, and possesses the intelligent behavior (specified control for establishing of flexural line and further leaning towards post buckling condition), meaning that the FRP layer can lead the local flexural deflection towards the total flexure of the steel plate and effectively contributes more in resisting the shear stresses and extension of post flexure lines in steel plate and formation of composite plate. This is due to involvement of more area of steel plate to resisting of the imposed stresses. Result shows, the FRP layers would increase the stiffness, energy absorption, shear capacity and will be decreasing the ductility of steel plate as compared with composited steel plate with other materials as reinforcement concrete.
Application of RCW Base Dissipator on a Set of Masonry Buildings
Authors: Sassu Mauro , Andreini Marco , de Falco Anna
Published: February 2014

An application of the RCW –Reinforced Cut Wall- on a set of four masonry buildings for council housing estate with a total of 43 lofts is presented. The performances of this low-cost base energy dissipation technique has been evaluated with some experimental on-site tests performed on a couple of specimen (40x60x30 cm) subjected to a series of cyclic quasi-static time histories with increasing intensity. Trials show the high properties of self-centering and of wide hysteretic behavior of the RCW. Numerical analyses confirm the mechanical properties and provide parameters to the evaluation of cyclic dissipation properties.
Investigating the Application of DOE Method in Designing a High-Strength and High-Performance Concrete
Authors: Valinejad Shoubi Mojtaba , Shakiba Barough Azin , Kiani Iman
Published: February 2014

Concrete is the main material used in most of structures in the world. The use of high strength and high performance concrete to overcome deterioration due to static and dynamic load and some environmental burden in different situation such as chloride attack, sulphate attack and etc, is increasing worldwide. Achieving to a concrete with a high quality and saving in amount of material used for producing the concrete need a proper mix design method taken into account. DOE method is considered as an effective and substantial method in implementing the concrete mix design. In this paper, specifications and all mix design calculation steps using DOE method in achieving a high strength and high performance concrete for a tall building in a coastal environment based on three concrete cubes specimens produced in the lab, are investigated. The 7 and 14 day compressive strength test were implemented on the concrete cubes. At the end, it concluded that the specified compressive strength (45 N/mm2) can be achieved on the 28th day based on DOE method.
A High Order Finite Difference/Spectral Approximations to the Time Fractional Diffusion Equations
Authors: Cao Jun Ying , Xu Chuan Ju , Wang Zi Qiang
Published: February 2014

In this paper, we consider the numerical solution of a time-fractional diffusion equation, which is obtained from the standard diffusion equation by replacing the first order time derivative with a fractional derivative of order α, with 03-α+N-m) , where Δt,N and m are the time step size, the polynomial degree and the regularity of the exact solution, respectively.