bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pursuing Dementia in People Living with HIV: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo – UNIFESP – Sao Paulo, Brazil, Pereira Lamas Daniela , Barros Tenore Simone ,   Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo – UNIFESP – Sao Paulo, Brazil, Salomao Lewi David ,   Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo – UNIFESP – Sao Paulo, Brazil, Abrao Ferreira Paulo Roberto ,   Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo – UNIFESP – Sao Paulo, Brazil
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the leading cause of neurocognitive impairment in people over 40. The development of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the comprehension of disease pathogenesis, and the constant search for better life quality in people living with HIV have led to the HIV disease chronic evolution. Hence, it has been common to observe chronic diseases such as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). Unfortunately, the practitioner’s unfamiliarity with HAND screening and treatment has contributed to poor patient care. Methods: We evaluated 134 patients living with HIV and performed two tracking tests, the Mini-mental, which evaluates cortical dementia, and the International HIV Dementia Scale, which evaluates subcortical dementia. Results: We observed dementia associated with HIV (HAD) in 29 patients (prevalence of 21.6%; CI 95%: 15.0 – 29.6). The independent factors related to HAD in this study, with statistical significance, were age (RPaj 1.05; CI 1.00 – 1.09; p=0.033), TCD4+ nadir (RPaj 0.998; CI 95% 0.996 – 0.999; p=0.03), and more than two years of detectable HIV viral load (RPaj 2.35; CI 95% 1.27 – 4.33; p=0.006). Discussion: The prevalence of dementia related to HIV in our study was similar to the Brazilian and International data. Early diagnosis and treatment are fundamental for preventing HAND development, especially in older patients.
О роли кулоновских полей в формировании эмиттанса в фотопушках
Authors: Иванов В.Я. , Левичев А.Е.
Published: August 2023

A theoretical analysis is made of the formation of longitudinal and transverse emittance of beams of charged particles in photoguns under the influence of repulsive forces of Coulomb fields. In numerical calculations, the characteristics of bunches of charged particles with uniform and Gaussian charge density distributions are compared. The efficiency of the proposed numerical-analytical model is compared with calculations using the Astra program. The obtained numerical and analytical results can be useful in the design of photoinjectors to select the optimal parameters that determine the main characteristics of photoguns.
Горение частиц при взаимодействии излучения гиротрона со смесью порошков металл/диэлектрик
Authors: Заклецкий З.А. , Гусейн-Заде Н.Г. , Малахов Д.В. , Бадьянова Л.В. , Воронова Е.В. , Степахин В.Д.
Published: August 2023

As a result of interaction under normal conditions in an air atmosphere of a microwave pulse of a gyrotron with a mixture of Al/Al2O3 powders, ceramic particles of morphology microprocesses are synthesized.
A variant of a multi-stage process for the development of physical and chemical processes in a reactor, taking into account ignition. After the end of the microwave pulse, a cloud is observed consisting of hot aluminum oxide particles and burning aluminum particles. A certain influence of the combustion process of aluminum particles on the products of plasma-chemical synthesis.
The paper also determines the average velocity of particles from the powder mixture, the burning time of aluminum particles, the surface temperature of the particles of the powder mixture, and the temperature of the gaseous medium in the upper part of the plasma-chemical reactor.
Повреждаемость поверхности корунда, подвергнутой абразивной и бесконтактной обработке
Authors: Щербаков И.П. , Киреенко М.Ф. , Тихонова Л.В. , Чмель А.Е.
Published: August 2023

The planishing of the surface of solids is aimed to minimize its roughness, downgrade a content of larger cracks in the modified layer, and, in general, reduce a thickness of the latter one. However, the abrasive processing induces residual stresses in the surface layer. The stresses relax through the motion of dislocations but in superhard materials like corundum or silicon dioxide, is extremely limited. In the present work, the role of the modified surface layer in corundum was studied within the context of the method and regime choice which affect the surface processing the mechanical characteristics of corundum. An efficiency of the abrasive treatment was assessed by comparison with the properties of surfaces processed with the ion polishing, sheared surface, and natural face of crystal from the viewpoint of reaching the high mechanical damage resistance of the surface.
Влияние ионов Li на мемристорные свойства конденсаторных структур на основе нанокомпозита (Co-=SUB=-40-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-40-=/SUB=-B-=SUB=-20-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-(LiNbO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-100-x-=/SUB=-
Authors: Ситников А.В. , Калинин Ю.Е. , Бабкина И.В. , Никонов А.Е. , Копытин М.Н. , Янченко Л.И. , Шакуров А.Р.
Published: August 2023

The paper reveals the influence of Li, B and the composition of metal contacts on the processes of resistive switching in memristive structures M/NC/D/M. After field exposure in structures Cu/(Co50Fe50)Х(LiNbO3)100-Х/s-LiNbO3/Cu/sitall, Cu/(Co50Fe50)Х(LiNbO3)100-Х/d-LiNbO3/Cu/sitall and Cu/(Co40Fe40B20)Х(SiO2)100-Х/d-LiNbO3/Cu/sitall at x < 13 at.% was detected a residual voltage (up to 16 mV) due to the electromigration of Li ions, that leading to a "reversible" type of VAC hysteresis and instability of the time dependencies of induced resistive states. In the structures of Cu/(Co40Fe40B20)Х(LiNbO3)100-Х/s-LiNbO3/Cu/sitall, Cr/Cu/Cr/(Co40Fe40B20)Х(LiNbO3)100-Х/s-LiNbO3/Cr/Cu/Cr/sitall containing B, the residual voltage is reduced by formation of chemical compounds B with percolated Li atoms. When limiting the electromigration of Li ions, the main mechanism of resistive switching is the processes of electromigration of oxygen vacancies in the dielectric oxide layer. Suppression of residual voltage in the Cr/Cu/Cr/(Co50Fe50)Х(LiNbO3)100-Х/s-LiNbO3/Cr/Cu/Cr/sitall structure due to the introduction of a Cr buffer layer that does not dissolve Li leads to the absence of bipolar resistive switching in these structures.
Комбинированный твердотельный замыкающий ключ для коммутации сильноточного импульса
Authors: Орлов А.П. , Голяков П.И. , Власов Ю.В. , Репин П.Б.
Published: August 2023

The results of studies of a solid-state closing switch for a high-current pulse switching are presented. The experiments were carried out on a laboratory facility with a capacitive energy storage run down a discharge circuit with electrical-explosive opening switch (EEOS) by a current pulse with an amplitude ~450 kA. The discharge circuit consists of two sections separated by a branch with a solid-state closing switch. A metal foil of the EEOS can be located in an interelectrode gap of the closing switch. The operation of the EEOS leads to a breakdown of the insulation of the closing switch, as a result of which an effective shunting of the section of the discharge circuit containing the EEOS occurs.
The developed combined solid-state closing switch in the future is capable of providing multi-channel switching of a high-current pulse to the load synchronously with the EEOS operation.
Effect of a 12-week application-based group conversation intervention on cognitive health and psychological well-being among Japanese older adults: Evaluation of a PICMOA randomized controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: Miura Kumi Watanabe , Sekiguchi Takuya , Tokunaga Seiki , Sugimoto Hikaru , Kishimoto Taishiro , Kudo Takashi , Otake-Matsuura Mihoko
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Following empirical evidence suggesting a strong connection between social activities and longevity/well-being, this topic has now entered an intervention phase, which evaluates the effectiveness of social activity interventions and accumulates practical knowledge.

OBJECTIVE

This study examined the effects of "Photo-Integrated Conversation Moderated by Application" (PICMOA), an application-based remote conversational intervention, on the cognitive function and psychological well-being of community-dwelling older adults with subjective cognitive concerns in Japan.

METHODS

The PICMOA trial is a randomized controlled trial introducing an open-label, two parallel group trial design with a 1:1 allocation. In this trial, the effects of the PICMOA intervention, a weekly application-based group conversation, were compared with weekly health education videos. The participants included community dwellers aged 65 years and older with subjective cognitive concerns. In total, 81 participants were enrolled in the trial and divided into groups (intervention: n = 41; control: n = 40). The main outcomes included cognitive function assessed through a telephone Interview for Cognitive Status in Japanese, verbal fluency test, and Digit Span Forward and Backward tests. The secondary outcomes included psychological and social well-being. The effects of the PICMOA intervention were examined using a mixed linear model.

RESULTS

In total, 75 participants (intervention: n = 35; control: n = 40) who completed the intervention and evaluations were analyzed. Overall, there were no significant improvements associated with cognitive function and psychological metrics in the intervention group. However, bilateral patterns emerged in the intervention effects on category fluency when individuals were classified by their smartphone-use proficiency at baseline: significant negative effects for those who were unfamiliar with smartphones at baseline (β = -5.47, SE = 2.04, P = .009) and significant positive effects for those who were familiar with smartphones at baseline (β = 6.43, SE = 2.47, P = .01) were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

This trial showed no significant improvements in cognitive and psychological outcomes after the PICMOA intervention. Further research on digital health practices is required to accumulate more evidence.

CLINICALTRIAL

UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000047247.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1114790
Early Detection of Dementia in Populations With Type 2 Diabetes: Predictive Analytics Using Machine Learning Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Thanh Phuc Phan , Nguyen Phung-Anh , Nguyen Nam Nhat , Hsu Min-Huei , Le Nguyen Quoc Khanh , Tran Quoc-Viet , Huang Chih-Wei , Yang Hsuan-Chia , Chen Cheng-Yu , Le Thi Anh Hoa , Le Minh Khoi , Nguyen Hoang Bac , Lu Christine Y , Hsu Jason C
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The possible association between diabetes mellitus and dementia has raised concerns, given the observed coincidental occurrences.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop a personalized predictive model, using artificial intelligence, to assess the 5-year and 10-year dementia risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who are prescribed antidiabetic medications.

METHODS

This retrospective multicenter study used data from the Taipei Medical University Clinical Research Database, which comprises electronic medical records from 3 hospitals in Taiwan. This study applied 8 machine learning algorithms to develop prediction models, including logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, gradient boosting machine, light gradient boosting machine, AdaBoost, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and artificial neural network (ANN). These models incorporated a range of variables, encompassing patient characteristics, comorbidities, medication usage, laboratory results, and examination data.

RESULTS

This study involved a cohort of 43,068 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which accounted for a total of 1,937,692 visits. For model development and validation, 1,300,829 visits were used, while an additional 636,863 visits were reserved for external testing. The area under the curve of the prediction models range from 0.67 for the logistic regression to 0.98 for the ANNs. Based on the external test results, the model built using the ANN algorithm had the best area under the curve (0.97 for 5-year follow-up period and 0.98 for 10-year follow-up period). Based on the best model (ANN), age, gender, triglyceride, hemoglobin A1c, antidiabetic agents, stroke history, and other long-term medications were the most important predictors.

CONCLUSIONS

We have successfully developed a novel, computer-aided, dementia risk prediction model that can facilitate the clinical diagnosis and management of patients prescribed with antidiabetic medications. However, further investigation is required to assess the model’s feasibility and external validity.
ANALISA YURIDIS TERHADAP MODEL KEWENANGAN JUDICIAL REVIEW DI INDONESIA
Authors: Simamora Janpatar
Published: August 2023

One of the fundamental changes on judicial power in the third amendment of UUD 1945 is the distributionof judicial review power to Supreme Court and Constitutional Court. The Supreme Court has the highestjurisdiction to execute the cassation cases and authority to review inferior regulations under law. TheConstitutional Court has the power to review laws against UUD 1945. Unfortunately, the judicial reviewmodel has several potential problems which can ruin the implementation of legal principles. That is whysome changes have to be taken. Salah satu poin mendasar dari penataan kekuasaan kehakiman pada perubahan ketiga UUD NRI Tahun1945 adalah dilakukannya pengaturan kewenangan judicial review atau hak menguji yang dijalankan oleh lembaga pelaksana kekuasaan kehakiman, yaitu Mahkamah Agung dan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Mahkamah Agung berwenang mengadili pada tingkat kasasi, menguji peraturan perundang-undangan di bawah Undang-Undang terhadap Undang-Undang, sedangkan Mahkamah Konstitusi berwenang menguji Undang-Undang terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar. Namun ternyata model kewenangan judicial review semacam ini rentan melahirkan persoalan hukum yang dapat merusak pilar-pilar hukum, sehingga perlu dilakukan penataan ulang.
POLICY, PROTECTION OF POLICYHOLDER, AND LIFE INSURANCE EDUCATION TO THE SOCIETY
Authors: Kartika Hana Sri Juni
Published: August 2023

Changes towards betterment of policyholder protection is not proportional to the growth of life insurance company. Policyholders encounter difficulties in asserting their rights when their life insurance companyis in financial straits and served with bankruptcy petition. Life insurance company and regulator have tore-regulate in detail every possible provision contained in a life insurance and ensure that each clausehas been incorporated in the policy, to protect policyholder. The society must be educated to the rightsand responsibility of the policyholder and the insurer, including the protection accorded to policyholders when the life insurance company is on the edge of financial distress or bankruptcy. Peningkatan perlindungan bagi pemegang polis belumlah memadai jika dibandingkan dengan pertumbuhan industri perasuransian. Pemegang polis menghadapi kesulitan untuk mendapatkan haknya ketika perusahaan asuransi menghadapi kondisi keuangan yang tidak sehat dan kebangkrutan. Perusahaan asuransi dan pembuat undang-undang harus mengatur kembali secara rinci semua klausul yang diperlukan dan memastikan bahwa klausul tersebut sudah termuat dalam polis asuransi, khususnyahal-hal yang mengatur mengenai perlindungan bagi pemegang polis asuransi jiwa. Masyarakat perlu diedukasi tentang hak dan tanggungjawab dari pemegang polis dan perusahaan asuransi selaku penjamin, termasuk mengenai perlindungan pemegang polis ketika perusahaan asuransi jiwa menghadapi masalah keuangan atau kebangkrutan.
PENJAMINAN KREDIT USAHA KECIL MELALUI GIRALISASI DAN TRANSMISI JAMINAN KEBENDAAN MENJADI TUNAI
Authors: Muwarji Tarsisius
Published: August 2023

‘Giralisasi’ is the transformation of a physical guarantee (fixed asset) into cash guarantee. Through a pledge/collateral agreement, assets are given by the owner to an issuing bank. The asset is then givena cash value. The cash value is put into an account and transferred to another bank through SocietyWorldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) to guarantee credit for small to mediumscale enterprises. This process and the transformation of guarantees may become an alternative solutionto credit issues faced by small to medium scale enterprises when applying for bank loans. Giralisasi merupakan transformasi jaminan benda menjadi jaminan tunai. Dengan perjanjian gadai, aset diserahkan pemilik kepada bank penerbit, dinilai dengan uang, dimasukkan kedalam rekening dan ditransmisikan ke bank lain melalui Society Worldwide Interbank FinancialTelecommunication (SWIFT) untuk menjamin kredit UKM. Giralisasi dan transformasi jaminanini dapat menjadi alternatif solusi permasalahan jaminan bagi UKM memperoleh kredit bank.
KENDALA HAKIM DALAM MENCIPTAKAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM, KEADILAN, DAN KEMANFAATAN DI PERADILAN PERDATA
Authors: Wantu Fence M.
Published: August 2023

The obstacles faced by a judge in realizing the principles of legal certainty, justice, and utility can be categorized into internal and external obstacles. Internal obstacles, which come from within the judgeconsist of: the appointment of the judge, his education, his understanding of science and knowledge, hismorality, and his welfare. On the other hand, external obstacles, which comes from outside the judge,consist of: the independence of judicial power, the formulation of legislations, the prevailing judicialsystem, community participation, and judge supervision. Kendala yang dihadapi hakim dalam mewujudkan kepastian hukum, keadilan dan kemanfaatan  dapat dibedakan menjadi kendala internal dan kendala eksternal. Kendala internal yang datangnya daridalam diri sendiri. Kendala internal terdiri dari: pengangkatan hakim, pendidikan hakim, penguasaanterhadap ilmu pengetahuan, moral hakim, kesejahteraan hakim. Sementara kendala eksternal datangnyadari luar diri hakim itu sendiri. Kendala eksternal hakim terdiri sebagai berikut, kemandirian kekuasaankehakiman, pembentukan undang-undang, sistem peradilan yang berlaku, partisipasi masyarakat,pengawasan hakim.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM PENANGGULANGAN PENCEMARAN AIR TANAH OLEH BAKTERI E. COLI DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Winarni Fajar , Puspitasari Dinarjati Eka
Published: August 2023

This study is an empirical legal research that uses primary and secondary data. The result of this  study is to be used f or the handling of  E.  coli  contamination where it  is the government ’s role to procure chlorine diffusers and monitor the quality of drinking water. The high level of contamination caused by the E. coli bacteria is due to the poor sanitation system and the close proximity of wells to septic tanks. Meanwhile, other constraints faced by the government include the lackof routine monitoring, lack of sanitation workers, and lack of proper implementation of the standardtechnical guidance on Procedures Planning Septic Tank with Absorption Systems. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris yang menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini adalah dalam rangka penanggulangan pencemaran bakteri E. coli dimana Pemerintahberperan dalam pengadaan alat chlorine diffuser, sosialisasi hidup bersih, pengawasan kualitas air minum, dan sebagainya. Tingginya pencemaran bakteri E. coli dikarenakan sistem sanitasi yang buruk, dan jarakyang dekat antara sumur dengan saluran septic tank. Sementara itu kendala yang dihadapi antara lainPemerintah tidak melakukan pengawasan secara rutin, terbatasnya petugas sanitasi, tidak dilaksanakannyapetunjuk teknis SNI tentang Tata Cara Perencanaan Tangki Septik dengan Sistem Resapan.Kata Kunci: peran pemerintah, pencemaran, bakteri E. coli.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATURAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM IN INDONESIA BETWEEN 2007 AND 2013
Authors: Triyana Heribertus Jaka
Published: August 2023

This article focuses on the implementation of the natural disaster management program (NDMP) after the promulgation of Act No. 24 of 2007 on Disaster Management. This implementation will be viewed both from legal and political frameworks. The aim of this article is twofold: First, to assess whether the community-based natural resources management system principle in Act No. 24 of 2007 has been implemented as the core principle for executing the NDMP. Second, to evaluate the hindrance caused by political decentralization to the effective implementation of the NDMP under Act No. 24 of 2007 as taken by local governments under the community-based natural resources management system principle. Artikel ini fokus pada pelaksanaan program penanggulangan bencana alam setelah diundangkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanggulangan Bencana dengan menggunakan perspektif kerangka hukum dan politik. Tujuan artikel ini ada dua: Pertama, untuk menilai apakah prinsip pengelolaan sumberdaya alam berbasis masyarakat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2007 telah diimplementasikan sebagai prinsip inti untuk melaksanakan program penanggulangan bencana alam tersebut. Kedua, untuk mengevaluasi kendala yang disebabkan oleh desentralisasi politik terhadap keefektifan pelaksanaan program penanggulangan bencana alam menurut Undang-undang Nomor 24 Tahun2007 sebagaimana ditempuh oleh pemerintah daerah di bawah prinsip sistem pengelolaan sumber dayaalam berbasis masyarakat.
THE REFORM OF CORRUPTION ERADICATION IN INDONESIA: THE PRISMATIC LAW IN THE RECENT CONTEXT
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Fatahillah , Wicaksono Dian Agung
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to investigate the reform of corruption eradication in Indonesia from three crucial aspects: the form of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), the formulation of corruption in material and formal aspects, and other additional support system such as asset recovery and the protection of justice collaborator and whistle blower. This paper is a normative-legal research where it dissects secondary data which includes statutory regulations, various legal documents, researches, and other references relevant to corruption eradication in Indonesia. KPK could be strengthened in particular aspects with changes in regards its design of authority and its relationship with other authorities in corruption eradication process. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meneliti reformasi pemberantasan korupsi dari tiga aspek penting: bentuk dari Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi, perumusan korupsi dalam aspek materiil maupun aspek formiil, serta hal-hal pendukungnya seperti pemulihan aset dan perlindungan justice collaborator dan whistleblower. Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang menelaah data sekunder. Data sekunder yang ditelaah antara lain adalah peraturan perundang-undangan, berbagai dokumen hukum, penelitian, dan referensi lainnya yang relevan dengan pemberantasan korupsi di Indonesia. Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) akan diperkuat dalam aspek tertentu dengan diubahnya desain wewenang serta koordinasi hubungan antara KPK dan pihak berwenang lainnya dalam pemberantasan korupsi.
KESEIMBANGAN HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN PEKERJA DAN PENGUSAHA DALAM MOGOK KERJA
Authors: Hernawan Ari
Published: August 2023

This juridical-normative research was conducted on the basis of secondary data as its primary source. We analysed the data using qualitative method and present our findings in a descriptive discussion. This research studies the balance of rights and obligations of workers and employers by analyzing Act Number 13 of 2004 on Manpower. In the same regulation, it was found that there was no balance in the rights of workers and employers in situation of a labour strike. The provisions in the regulation hinders strikes to be legally initiated, this is seen from the inbalance in strike and lock out provisions where procedures to initiate a strike is made to be more difficult. Penelitian ini bersifat yuridis normatif, mendasarkan pada data sekunder sebagai sumber data utama. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil analisis selanjutnya disajikan dalam bentuk uraian yang bersifat deskriptif.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menjawab pertanyaan bagaimanakah perimbangan hak dan kewajiban pekerja dan pengusaha dari segi teks Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan bahwa memang ada ketidakseimbangan hak pekerja dan pengusaha dalam ketentuan mogok kerja yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Ketenagakerjaan. Terdapat ketentuan yang dapat menyulitkan mogok berlangsung secara sah, ketidakseimbangan juga terlihat jika ketentuan mogok kerja dibandingkan dengan ketentuan lock out yang merupakan hak dasar pengusaha.
KAJIAN SEMANTIK TERHADAP PRODUK HUKUM TERTULIS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Said Ikhwan M.
Published: August 2023

This study aims at revealing two prime points (1) how is Indonesian Language utilized in legal practice in Indonesia and (2) which method is frequently used by legal practitioners in interpreting a certain word? This is a descriptive-qualitative study. The data of the research are sentences or phrases taken randomly from the criminal code (KUHPidana), civil code (KUHPerdata), trade code (KUHDagang), decrees, explanations of legislation (laws). The analysis employed is descriptive and prescriptive. It was figured out that the use of Indonesian language in legal aspect was manifested in seven processes: translation, abstraction, association, typology, meaning emphasis, simplicity, and legal choices. While the interpretive method used is interpretations and construction methods. Tulisan ini bertujuan menjawab dua persoalan, yaitu (1) bagaimana wujud penggunaan bahasa Indonesia dalam praktik hukum di Indonesia, dan (2) metode yang seringkali digunakan oleh praktisi hukum dalam menginterpretasikan suatu kata. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Datanya adalah kalimat atau frasa yang diambil secara acak dari KUHPidana, KUHPerdata, KUHDagang, surat-surat keputusan, dan penjelasan undang-undang. Analisis datanya adalah analisis deskriptif dan preskriptif. Diketahui bahwa wujud penggunaan bahasa Indonesia dalam bidang hukum ada tujuh proses (penerjemahan, abstraksi, asosiasi, tipologi, penekanan makna, pemadatan, dan pilihan hukum). Sementara metode penginterpretasiannya adalah metode penafsiran dan metode konstruksi.
PEMBERDAYAAN TERHADAP KINERJA ANGGOTA DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DAERAH KOTA DEPOK JAWA BARAT
Authors: Kadarisman Muh.
Published: August 2023

Organisation performance is of the utmost importance, as through performance the degree of achievement can be seen. Such achievement must be in accordance with the pre-determined mission as a ground to complete the tasks. This study aims to learn the effect of empowerment towards the performance of Depok City Legislation Council. This study employs a quantitative approach and the path analysis model. The research results shows: (1) the effect of the empowerment to DPRD performance is significant, (2) the effect of a collaborative team on DPRD performance is not significant, (3) the effect of the superior on DPRD performance is not significant, and (4) the effect of communication effort on the DPRD performance is not significant. Kinerja suatu organisasi sangat penting, karena dengan adanya kinerja maka tingkat pencapaian hasil akan terlihat. Tingkat pencapaian tersebut seharusnya sesuai dengan misi yang telah ditetapkan sebagai landasan untuk melakukan tugas yang diemban. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh pemberdayaan atas kinerja DPRD Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif serta analisis jalur (path analysis). Dari hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dapat diketahui bahwa pengaruh pemberdayaan atas kinerja DPRD signifikan, pengaruh tim yang mampu kerjasama atas kinerja Anggota DPRD tidak signifikan. Pengaruh pimpinan atas kinerja Anggota DPRD tidak signifikan, dan pengaruh komunikasi atas kinerja Anggota DPRD tidak signifikan.
EKSISTENSI HUKUM DELIK ADAT DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA DI MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Supusesa Reimon
Published: August 2023

This research studies the Sasi traditional value in the Maluku Tengah adat community and investigates its possible role in reshaping and renewing Indonesian national criminal law. Sasi is a collection of regulation that is formed by member of adat community. Failure to comply with sasi would be punished according to the relevant sasi regulations. The drafting of a new national penal code that extend the punishable offense to include those regulated by adat and religious law as long as positive law has not regulated the offense is expected to serve the society’s legal awareness. Studi ini mengangkat nilai-nilai tradisional Adat Sasi yang hidup dalam masyarakat adat Maluku Tengah sebagai salah satu bahan hukum dalam upaya pembentukan dan pembaharuan hukum pidana nasional. Sasi adalah suatu aturan yang disepakati bersama oleh anggota masyarakat adat untuk ditaati bersama, apabila dilanggar maka akan memperoleh sanksi atau hukuman sesuai dengan peraturan-peraturan sasi yang telah disepakati. Pembentukan RUU KUHP nasional yang memperluas dasar patut dipidananya suatu perbuatan ke ranah nilai-nilai hukum adat dan agama sepanjang perbuatan tersebut belum diatur dalam undang-undang diharapkan dapat selaras dengan kesadaran hukum masyarakat.
BANTUAN HUKUM GOLONGAN TIDAK MAMPU DALAM PERKARA PERDATA DI PENGADILAN NEGERI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Wijayanta Tata
Published: August 2023

The legal aid clinics in Yogyakarta District Court are established with the involvement of six universities. This institution is designed to accommodate both individuals and collective justice seeker who cannot afford trial costs. Based on the research, it is concluded that the implementation of the program of legal aid in civil cases has not been observed optimally. Compared with the legal aid organizations that have long been providing legal assistance for poor people, the existence of legal aid post in the district court has not been widely known by the public. Pos bantuan hukum dibentuk di Pengadilan Negeri Yogyakarta dengan melibatkan enam lembaga bantuan hukum perguruan tinggi. Lembaga ini diperuntukkan bagi pencari keadilan baik perseorangan ataupun berkelompok yang secara ekonomis tidak mampu (miskin). Berdasarkan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan program bantuan hukum dalam perkara perdata belum terlaksana maksimal. Dibandingkan dengan lembaga bantuan hukum yang telah lama berkiprah memberikan bantuan hukum bagi masyarakat golongan tidak mampu di pengadilan maka pos bantuan hukum yang keberadaan di lingkungan pengadilan negeri ini belum banyak dikenal oleh masyarakat.
PENGAWASAN DAN PENGENDALIAN PEMANFAATAN SUMBER DAYA AIR UNTUK IRIGASI DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Listyawati Hery , Suharsono Triyanto
Published: August 2023

Supervision and control of utilization of water resources for irrigation in Sleman regency is vital in realizing fair use of water resources. This descriptive-qualitative study finds that preventive-internal supervision has been consistent with those set forth in the working procedures and that repressiveinternal supervision is present in the form of sanctions. The locals enjoy preventive and repressive eksternal supervisionary role, which is manifested in local gatherings and public reporting system. We also find that the government exerts control by licensing, reprimands, advocacy, direction, and conflict resolution mechanisms. Practical problems include the absence of provincial irrigation commission and specific agencies that supervise the enforcement of mediation. Pengawasan dan pengendalian pemanfaatan sumber daya air untuk irigasi di Kabupaten Sleman sangat penting dalam mewujudkan penggunaan sumber daya air yang adil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan internal-preventif telah sesuai dengan yang dimandatkan oleh tugas pokok dan fungsi dan bahwa pengawasan internal-represif telah dilaksanakan dalam bentuk sanksi. Masyarakat melakukan pengawasan preventif dan represif dalam bentuk sarasehan/musyawarah dan sistem pelaporan. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah mengendalikan penggunaan sumber daya air dengan menyelenggarakan sistem perizinan, teguran, pembinaan, dan penyelesaian sengketa. Beberapa masalah yang ditemukan di lapangan antara lain adalah tidak adanya komisi irigasi provinsi dan lembaga pengawas khusus yang mengawasi pelaksanaan putusan mediasi.
Hukum dan Kekuasaan dalam Hubungan Industrial
Authors: Hernawan Ari
Published: August 2023

In industrial relations, law and power are interdependent. Although workers and employers need each other, but the relationship is always one-sided dependence. Lack of access to power resources has made the law does not side with workers, because as a political product, law is not sterile and neutral from interest. Dalam hubungan industrial, hukum dan kekuasaan saling bersinergi. Sekalipun buruh dan pengusaha saling membutuhkan, tetapi hubungan ketergantungan tersebut senantiasa berat sebelah. Minimnya akses terhadap kekuasaan telah menjadikan hukum tidak berpihak kepada buruh, karena sebagai produk politik, hukum tidak steril dan netral dari pergulatan kepentingan.
Keberadaan Asas Rebus Sic Stantibus dalam Perjanjian Internasional
Authors: Purwanto Harry
Published: August 2023

This article aims to explore the dynamics of rebus sic stantibus principle in international treaty. How are experts perspective and international law regulate about this principle, and how the implementation of principle in international society. Rebus sic stantibus principle may be invoked as a ground for terminating or withdrawing or suspending the enactment of international treaty.  Tulisan ini menelaah dinamika asas rebus sic stantibus dalam perjanjian internasional. Bagaimana pandangan para ahli terhadap asas ini, bagaimana hukum internasional mengaturnya, dan bagaimana penerapan asas ini dalam kenyataannya di masyarakat internasional. Asas rebus sic stantibus dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar untuk mengakhiri atau menarik diri atau menunda atas berlakunya suatu perjanjian internasional.
PELAKSANAAN PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA SECARA ELEKTRONIK (E-PROCUREMENT) PADA PEMERINTAH KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Haryati Dwi , Anditya Anugrah , Wibowo Richo Andi
Published: August 2023

Yogyakarta municipality is committed to improve the quality of its procurement procedures by applying electronic procurement system, which finds its standing on Mayor Regulation Nr. 13 of /2009. Two issues are going to be addressed: first, whether the purpose of e-procurement has been served and second, what are the obstacles that occur in its implementation. Pemerintah kota Yogyakarta berkomitmen untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelaksanaan pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah dengan mengunakan sistem electronic procurement yang menggunakan Peraturan Walikota Yogyakarta No. 137 Tahun 2009 sebagai landasan hukum. Tulisan ini akan mengelaborasi pertanyaan apakah tujuan pelaksanaan e-procurement telah tercapai serta kendala apa sajakah yang menghambat pelaksanaan tersebut.
IMPLEMENTING TREATIES IN MUNICIPAL COURTS
Authors: Dewanto Wisnu Aryo
Published: August 2023

In regard to the implementation of treaties in municipal courts, treaty is divided into self-executing and non-self-executing. A self-executing treaty is defined as a treaty that its implementation does not need an implementing legislation. However, a nonself- executing treaty needs an implementing legislation to have it enforced in national courts.Terkait dengan implementasinya di pengadilan nasional suatu negara, perjanjian internasional digolongkan menjadi perjanjian internasional self-executing dan non-self-executing. Perjanjian internasional self-executing adalah perjanjian internasional yang dapat diimplementasikan secara langsung di pengadilan tanpa implementing legislation, dan perjanjian non-self-executing adalah perjanjian internasional yang tidak dapat langsung dimplementasikan di pengadilan tanpa adanya implementing legislation.
BERBAGAI BENTUK PENGAWASAN KEBIJAKAN DAERAH DALAM ERA OTONOMI LUAS
Authors: Nurbaningsih Enny
Published: August 2023

Following the abolishment of all controlling measures except repressive control, decentralisation triggers fundamental changes in local government administration. Tight control may obstruct regions’ autonomy and hamper central-regional relation. Proportional control is indispensable for balancing out local governments’ freedom. All monitoring measures outside Act 32/2004 are unwarranted without improvement of legal instruments at central government.Dengan menghapuskan semua bentuk pengawasan kecuali pengawasan represif, desentralisasi menciptakan perubahan fundamental dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah. Pengawasan yang ketat dapat mengekang daerah dan mengganggu hubungan pusat-daerah. Pengawasan otonomi yang proporsional diperlukan sebagai penyeimbang kebebasan pemerintahan daerah. Bentuk pengawasan di luar UU 32/2004 cenderung berlebihan tanpa perbaikan instrumen hukum tingkat pusat.
ASPEK YURIDIS PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA DI KALANGAN REMAJA
Authors: Muntaha Mr.
Published: August 2023

The law is an effective tool to protect people from committing certain conducts, for instance illegal drugs trade and narcotic abuse. The prevalent drugs distribution among teens is influenced by internal and external factors, not to mention teen unstable behavior that is still easily intervened by the surrounding environment.Hukum merupakan alat yang efektif untuk melindungi manusia dari tindakan yang membahayakan diri mereka sendiri, seperti misalnya peredaran gelap dan penyalahgunaan narkotika. Peredaran narkotika di kalangan remaja dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal. Secara psikologis, perilaku remaja juga masih belum stabil sehingga mudah terpengaruh lingkungan sekitar
Kompatibilitas KHI dengan Konvensi Perempuan
Authors: Yuni Lilik Andar
Published: August 2023

Having ratified CEDAW in 1984, Indonesia is obliged to eliminate gender-based discrimination that injure women’s rights and impair their position before the law. However, Compilation of Islamic Law in some parts still contradict CEDAW, e.g. the stipulations regarding marriage guardian, witnesses, age requirement, wife’s disobedience, and spouse’s rights and obligations.  Sebagai konsekuensi dari ratifikasi Konvensi Perempuan pada 1984, Indonesia diharuskan menghapus diskriminasi gender yang melanggar hak perempuan dan merugikan kedudukannya dalam hukum. Namun ternyata KHI masih bertentangan dengan Konvensi tersebut. Hal ini dapat dilihat dalam pasal tentang wali nikah, saksi, batas usia perkawinan, nusyuz, dan hak dan kewajiban suami isteri.
Peran Bank Indonesia sebagai Pelaksana Mediasi dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbankan
Authors: Herliana Mrs.
Published: August 2023

The effectivity of banking disputes settlement through banking mediation benefits the customers and the bank. This research analyses the role of Bank of Indonesia in mediating disputes. Results show that banking mediation has not been utilized optimally and that BI is actually not in the position to handle such mediation. Efektifitas penyelesaian sengketa perbankan melalui mediasi perbankan sangat bermanfaat baik bagi nasabah maupun bank. Penelitian ini menganalisis peran Bank Indonesia dalam menengahi sengketa perbankan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mediasi perbankan ini belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal dan bahwa BI sebenarnya tidak memiliki tugas untuk memediasi sengketa perbankan.
Perlindungan Hak Cipta, Hak Terkait, dan Desain Industri
Authors: Kariodimedjo Dina Widyaputri
Published: August 2023

This writing is intended to disseminate the concept of copyright, related right, and industrial design to researchers and professors at universities. It also discusses the recent development on the protection of those rights according to international convention and Indonesian law, as well as explains the procedures to admit the rights.  Tulisan ini merupakan bahan dalam rangka sosialisasi hak cipta, hak terkait, dan desain industri kepada peneliti dan dosen di perguruan tinggi. Tulisan ini membahas perkembangan seputar perlindungan hak-hak tersebut berdasarkan konvensi internasional dan hukum Indonesia, serta menjelaskan prosedur dan persyaratan permohonan pendaftaran hak.
Arti Pentingnya Pembuktian dalam Proses Penemuan Hukum di Peradilan Perdata
Authors: Butarbutar Elisabeth Nurhaini
Published: August 2023

Standard of proof in law-finding process is a crucial step. After the occurence of a concrete event has been proven, the judge then will be able to acquire the truth regarding that disputed event. Then, he will qualify the event into a legal issue by finding the relevant applicable law.  Pembuktian dalam proses penemuan hukum adalah tahapan yang sangat penting. Apabila peristiwa konkret sudah dibuktikan, hakim akan memperoleh kebenaran mengenai peristiwa yang disengketakan tersebut. Kemudian, hakim akan mengkualifikasi peristiwa tersebut menjadi peristiwa hukum dengan cara mencari peraturan hukum yang relevan untuk diterapkan.
Penerapan Sistem Presidensil di Indonesia Pasca Amandemen UUD 1945
Authors: Aritonang Dinoroy Marganda
Published: August 2023

The implementation of presidential system is a crucial aspect in the reformation agenda of Indonesia. Purification of presidential system by reinforcing the parliament and implementing multiparty system is a correct step. However, in turns out that this presidential system has never been a real presidential system in its application. Penerapan sistem presidensil di Indonesia adalah salah satu aspek yang penting dalam agenda reformasi Indonesia. Pemurnian sistem presidensil dengan cara memperkuat peran DPR dan menerapkan sistem multipartai sebenarnya adalah langkah yang tepat. Namun pada kenyataannya sistem ini tidak pernah berjalan sebagaimana seharusnya suatu sistem presidensial yang riil berjalan.
Tanggung Jawab Pengangkut Udara terhadap Penumpang
Authors: Musa Annalisa Yahanan Norsuhaida Che , Hassan Kamal Halili
Published: August 2023

This research analyses the concepts of air carrier legal liability for losses suffered by the passengers. The results show how the rights of the passengers, particularly on the matter of compensation settlement, are still in a weak position because of the absence of implementing regulations. Penelitian ini menganalisis konsep tanggung jawab hukum pengangkut udara atas kerugian yang diderita oleh penumpang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hak penumpang, terutama atas penyelesaian ganti rugi, masih berada di posisi yang lemah akibat ketiadaan peraturan pelaksanaan.
Pengaturan dan Implementasi Wasiat Wajibah di Indonesia
Authors: Nugraheni Destri Budi , Ilhami Haniah , Harahab Yulkarnain
Published: August 2023

This normative and empirical legal research analyses the nature of compulsory will (wasiyah al-wajib) according to the Compilation of Islamic Law and its implementation in Islamic court trial. We will also discuss a number of legal consideration deliberated by the judges when rendering a verdict in a compulsory will case. Penelitian hukum normatif dan empiris ini akan menganalisis sifat pengaturan wasiat wajibah dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam dan implementasinya dalam pengadilan agama. Penelitian ini juga akan membahas beberapa pertimbangan hukum yang digunakan hakim ketika mengeluarkan putusan dalam suatu kasus pemberian wasiat wajibah.
Peningkatan Ketaatan Syariah Melalui Pemisahan (Spin-off) Unit Usaha Syariah Bank Umum Konvensional
Authors: Umam Khotibul
Published: August 2023

Pursuant to Act 21/2008, Conventional Commercial Banks with embedded Sharia Business Unit are obliged to spin-off their unit when its asset value has reached 50% of the total asset of Bank’s. This obligation attempts to separate the management of SBU from Banks, thus expecting higher rate of sharia compliance. Menurut UU 21/2008, Bank Umum Konvensional yang memiliki Unit Usaha Syariah wajib memisahkan unitnya apabila nilai aset unit tersebut telah mencapai 50% dari total aset bank induk. Kewajiban tersebut ditujukan untuk menjadikannya sebagai Bank Umum Syariah yang terpisah pengelolaannya dari Bank Umum Konvensional, sehingga diharapkan lebih taat terhadap prinsip syariah.
Kajian Hukum tentang Penerapan Pembuktian Sederhana dalam Perkara Kepailitan Asuransi
Authors: Putriyanti Erma Defiana , Wijayanta Tata
Published: August 2023

Commercial courts’ judges are still strictly observing summary proof principle when trying insolvency proceedings against insurance companies. Since insurance companies are vital for our economy, the Ministry of Finance needs to formulate certain measurement and consideration that ought to be met prior to filing insolvency case to commercial courts. Pembuktian sederhana dalam perkara kepailitan perusahaan asuransi masih diterapkan secara kaku oleh hakim-hakim niaga. Sebagai lembaga keuangan yang vital dalam perekonomian bangsa, Kementerian Keuangan selaku otoritas tertinggi di bidang keuangan perlu menyusun tolok ukur dan pertimbangan-pertimbangan tertentu yang harus dipenuhi sebelum kasus kepailitan perusahaan asuransi dapat diajukan ke pengadilan niaga.
Keberadaan Asas Pacta Sunt Servanda dalam Perjanjian Internasional
Authors: Purwanto Harry
Published: August 2023

The pacta sunt servanda is one of universally recognized legal principles by which its existence has been known. Its mere relevance is related to treaty since this principle determines that agreed stipulations concluded among parties become legally binding and cause rights and duties to be fulfilled in good faith manner. As it is recognized and accepted among parties to the treaty, it becomes integral part of the law of the treaty particularly of the law of international treaty. The preamble and Article 26 of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaty and the 1986 Vienna Convention reiterate its legal existence as the guiding principle to make and to implement international treaty. In the Indonesian legal system, the existence of that principle inspires the formation of Article 1338 of Indonesian Civil Code and of Article 4 (1) the Law Number 24 of 2000. It can be concluded firmly that the existence of the pacta sunt servanda has formed and evolved as a legal system including the international law legal system today.
Dampak Pencemaran Air terhadap Kesehatan Lingkungan dalam Perspektif Hukum Lingkungan (Studi Kasus Sungai Code di Kelurahan Wirogunan Kecamatan Mergangsan dan Kelurahan Prawirodirjan Kecamatan Gondomanan Yogyakarta)
Authors: Puspitasari Dinarjati Eka
Published: August 2023

This research is aimed to know the contribution government and societies in Yogyakarta for maintaining the water pollution on Code River. Code River is a river in Yogyakarta which has crowded area on its river flow region. The research location is in Code’s river flow region, especially in Kelurahan Prawirodirjan Kecamatan Gondomanan dan Kelurahan Wirogunan Kecamatan Mergangsan Yogyakarta.Data in this research were obtained through field research and library research. The field research was carried out by using interview guidance and sample waste data testing from Balai Besar Teknik Lingkungan (BBTKL) Yogyakarta, whereas the library research was done by documentary study by collecting and analyzing selected laws and regulation which were relevant to the research.The result showed that the environmental data to maintain environment health and social condition in the field research has not been served. Beside that, the result of laboratory testing BBTKL showed that water condition on field research has contained pollutant. However, the government and societies just give less contribution to decrease the effect of water pollution on Code River. In this case, the contribution of laws and regulation has been needed to decrease the water pollution.