bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ship Power System Analysis Based on Safety Aspects
Authors: Urbaha Margarita , Križus Arnis , Kreisberg Deniss
Published: September 2017

This article analyses the reasons for the reduction of insulating resistance, processes influencing them and isolation diagnostic methods. It provides a short description of electrical safety situation on ships with isolated neutral electrical power systems. It also covers the methods of protecting personnel from electric shock or preventing ignition or arching damage at the fault location with the help of fault current compensation. Principal fault current compensation circuit diagrams are analysed by using the minimum value and time of transient fault current as criteria.
Global Cities, globale Wertschöpfungsketten und wirtschaftliche Governance: konzeptionelle Überlegungen und eine Untersuchung der Rolle Mexico Citys
Authors: Parnreiter Christof
Published: September 2017

Das Ziel dieses Textes ist es, die in der Global City Forschung bislang wenig untersuchten Steuerungsfunktionen von unternehmensorientierten Dienstleistungsfirmen in den Mittelpunkt zu rücken. Dazu werden Global Cities als Governance-Knoten von Wertschöpfungsketten konzeptualisiert. Auf der empirischen Ebene wird am Beispiel der klassischen Megacity Mexico City argumentiert, dass auch Städte des „Globalen Südens“ als solche Orte weltwirtschaftlicher Steuerung fungieren.
Transformatives Wirtschaften in der urbanen Ernährungsbewegung: zwei Fallbeispiele aus Leipzig und München
Authors: Kropp Cordula , Müller Christa
Published: September 2017

Der Beitrag diskutiert die neuen urbanen Ernährungsbewegungen und ihre räumlichen Wirkungen, ästhetischen Inszenierungen und wirtschaftlichen Konzepte. Auf der Basis qualitativer Einzelfallstudien in Deutschland wird gezeigt, wie die ‚Wiedereinbettung’ von Ernährungsarrangements in lebensweltliche und regionalökonomische Kontexte praktisch erprobt wird. Dafür schlagen wir ein Verständnis von „transformativem Wirtschaften“ vor und beleuchten, inwiefern transformative Vorstellungen von Urbanität, Wohlstand und kollektivem Handeln entstehen. Im Vergleich zu älteren öko-sozialen Bewegungen zeigt sich, dass die neuen Akteure immer zugleich auf mehreren Ebenen agieren und dadurch die Komplexitätsanforderungen von sozialem Wandel mit Bezug zu globalen Diskurs- und Problemzusammenhängen aufgreifen.
Anthocyanin Formation in the Petals of Hibiscus mutabilis L
Authors: Amrhein Nikolaus , Frank Gert
Published: September 2017

When opening in the morning flowers of Hibiscus mutabilis L. appear white or ivory. The flower colour changes to red by late afternoon due to the accumulation of the anthocyanin cyanidin-3-sambubioside. At the onset, and during the rapid phase of pigment accumulation, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity in the petals increases rapidly to seven times its initial level and then decreases while the flower senesces. In excised petals, the PAL inhibitor L-α-aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid (AOPP) suppresses pigment formation and causes the accumu­lation of phenylalanine. Anthocyanin synthesis depends, therefore, on the de novo production of cinnamic acid.
Carbon Isotope Fractionation by Autotrophic Bacteria with Three Different C02 Fixation Pathways
Authors: Preuß Andrea , Schauder Rolf , Fuchs Georg , Stichler Willibald
Published: September 2017

Carbon isotope fractionation during autotrophic growth o f different bacteria which possess different autotrophic CO2 fixation pathways has been studied. 13C /12C -Ratios in the cell carbon of the following bacteria were determined (CO2 fixation pathway suggested or proven in paren­theses): Alkaligenes eutrophus (reductive pentose phosphate cycle), Desulfobacterium autotrophicum and Acetobacterium woodii (reductive acetyl-CoA pathway), Desulfobacter hydrogenophilus and Thermoproteus neutrophilus (reductive citric acid cycle). The Δδ13C values, which indicate the per mille deviation of the 13C content of cell carbon from that of the CO : used as the sole carbon source, range from - 10%° (reductive citric acid cycle) over - 26%° (reductive pentose phosphate cycle) to -36%° (reductive acetyl-CoA pathway). Acetate formed via the acetyl-CoA pathway by the acetogenic Acetobacterium woodii showed a Δδ13C = -40%°. These data are discussed in view of the different CO2 fixation reactions used by the bacteria and especially with regard to the isotopic composition of sedimentary carbon through time.
Relationship between Molecular Properties of some Photosystem II Inhibitors and their Activity on Triazine-Resistant and -Susceptible Chloroplasts
Authors: Creuzet S. , Gilquin B. , Ducruet J. M.
Published: September 2017

The conformations and electronic properties of several urea/amide, uracil, s-triazine and methylthiopyrimidine inhibitors of photosystem II were determined using molecular mechanics (CHARMM , SYBYL) or quantum semi-empirical (MNDO , AM1) methods. Spectroscopic measurements of the in vitro hydrogen bonding capacity of these com pounds were also carried out. The validity of the calculated values was estimated from experimental measurements. The conformational and electronic properties of the inhibitors studied are then discussed in terms of their mechanism of action on the D1 site and its modification by triazine resistance.
Sulfate Transport in Normal and S-Deprived Chlorella fusca
Authors: Biedlingmaier Susanne , Schmidt Ahlert
Published: September 2017

Sulfate uptake into the unicellular green alga Chlorella fusca Shihira et Krauss strain 211-8 b was described as a pH-, temperature-and energy-dependent process. Transport followed triphasic kinetics with Km-values of 1.3 x 10-5, 3.9 x 10-5 and 2.8 x 10-4
M. The Hill plot showed coeffi­cients of 1.0 for each uptake isotherm. Sulfate uptake was substantially inhibited by chromate, selenate, sulfite, thiosulfate and tetrathionate. Cysteine and other mercaptides diminished sulfate transport, whereas methionine was not inhibitory. Uptake was sensitive towards inhibitors of photosynthesis and respiration and towards SH-group reagents. Sulfate uptake could be strongly enhanced by polyvalent cations, apparently via reduction of the surface potential. Sulfate uptake in S-deprived algae was markedly different from constitutive sulfate uptake. Time kinetics was not linear but showed an initial rapid phase. Uptake was neither multiphasic nor conformed to simple Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Sulfate uptake was hardly affected by pH and temperature in the suboptimal range. The Arrhenius plot was biphasic with a discontinuity at 38 °C.
Large and Small Muscles in Resistance Training: Is It Time for a Better Definition?
Authors: Ribeiro Alex S. , Schoenfeld Brad J. , Nunes João P.
Published: September 2017

MANY STUDIES HAVE MISAPPLIED THE DEFINITION OF MUSCLE VOLUME WITH RESPECT TO CLASSIFYING MUSCLES AS “SMALL” OR “LARGE.” GIVEN FREQUENT MISAPPLICATION OF THE TERMS, WE PROPOSE THAT THEY SHOULD BE CLASSIFIED SIMPLY AS MULTIJOINT OR SINGLE-JOINT EXERCISES. A VIABLE ALTERNATIVE CLASSIFICATION WOULD BE COMPOUND EXERCISES OR ISOLATION EXERCISES.
Chd7 Collaborates with Sox2 to Regulate Activation of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells after Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Doi Toru , Ogata Toru , Yamauchi Junji , Sawada Yasuhiro , Tanaka Sakae , Nagao Motoshi
Published: September 2017

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) act as a reservoir of new oligodendrocytes (OLs) in homeostatic and pathological conditions. OPCs are activated in response to injury to generate myelinating OLs, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we show that chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 (Chd7) regulates OPC activation after spinal cord injury (SCI). Chd7 is expressed in OPCs in the adult spinal cord and its expression is upregulated with a concomitant increase in Sox2 expression after SCI. OPC-specific ablation of Chd7 in injured mice leads to reduced OPC proliferation, the loss of OPC identity, and impaired OPC differentiation. Ablation of Chd7 or Sox2 in cultured OPCs shows similar phenotypes to those observed inChd7knock-out mice. Chd7 and Sox2 form a complex in OPCs and bind to the promoters or enhancers of theregulator of cell cycle(Rgcc) andprotein kinase Cθ (PKCθ) genes, thereby inducing their expression. The expression of Rgcc and PKCθ is reduced in the OPCs of the injuredChd7knock-out mice. In cultured OPCs, overexpression and knock-down of Rgcc or PKCθ promote and suppress OPC proliferation, respectively. Furthermore, overexpression of both Rgcc and PKCθ rescues the Chd7 deletion phenotypes. Chd7 is thus a key regulator of OPC activation, in which it cooperates with Sox2 and acts via direct induction of Rgcc and PKCθ expression.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSpinal cord injury (SCI) leads to oligodendrocyte (OL) loss and demyelination, along with neuronal death, resulting in impairment of motor or sensory functions. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) activated in response to injury are potential sources of OL replacement and are thought to contribute to remyelination and functional recovery after SCI. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying OPC activation, especially its epigenetic regulation, remain largely unclear. We demonstrate here that the chromatin remodeler chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 (Chd7) regulates the proliferation and identity of OPCs after SCI. We have further identified regulator of cell cycle (Rgcc) and protein kinase Cθ (PKCθ) as novel targets of Chd7 for OPC activation.
Individual Alpha Peak Frequency Predicts 10 Hz Flicker Effects on Selective Attention
Authors: Gulbinaite Rasa , van Viegen Tara , Wieling Martijn , Cohen Michael X , VanRullen Rufin
Published: September 2017

Rhythmic visual stimulation (“flicker”) is primarily used to “tag” processing of low-level visual and high-level cognitive phenomena. However, preliminary evidence suggests that flicker may also entrain endogenous brain oscillations, thereby modulating cognitive processes supported by those brain rhythms. Here we tested the interaction between 10 Hz flicker and endogenous alpha-band (∼10 Hz) oscillations during a selective visuospatial attention task. We recorded EEG from human participants (both genders) while they performed a modified Eriksen flanker task in which distractors and targets flickered within (10 Hz) or outside (7.5 or 15 Hz) the alpha band. By using a combination of EEG source separation, time-frequency, and single-trial linear mixed-effects modeling, we demonstrate that 10 Hz flicker interfered with stimulus processing more on incongruent than congruent trials (high vs low selective attention demands). Crucially, the effect of 10 Hz flicker on task performance was predicted by the distance between 10 Hz and individual alpha peak frequency (estimated during the task). Finally, the flicker effect on task performance was more strongly predicted by EEG flicker responses during stimulus processing than during preparation for the upcoming stimulus, suggesting that 10 Hz flicker interfered more with reactive than proactive selective attention. These findings are consistent with our hypothesis that visual flicker entrained endogenous alpha-band networks, which in turn impaired task performance. Our findings also provide novel evidence for frequency-dependent exogenous modulation of cognition that is determined by the correspondence between the exogenous flicker frequency and the endogenous brain rhythms.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHere we provide novel evidence that the interaction between exogenous rhythmic visual stimulation and endogenous brain rhythms can have frequency-specific behavioral effects. We show that alpha-band (10 Hz) flicker impairs stimulus processing in a selective attention task when the stimulus flicker rate matches individual alpha peak frequency. The effect of sensory flicker on task performance was stronger when selective attention demands were high, and was stronger during stimulus processing and response selection compared with the prestimulus anticipatory period. These findings provide novel evidence that frequency-specific sensory flicker affects online attentional processing, and also demonstrate that the correspondence between exogenous and endogenous rhythms is an overlooked prerequisite when testing for frequency-specific cognitive effects of flicker.
Overlapping Ecologies
Authors: Liu Sida
Published: September 2017

The sociology of professions has derived most of its theories from empirical cases in the Global North. Despite the growing number of empirical studies on professionals in developing countries, the intersection between professions and development has rarely been theorized. This article uses the case of legal services professionals in China to outline an ecological theory of professions and development. It argues that, in the Global South, professions and development are overlapping ecologies that share some common actors and transform by similar social processes. Professionals occupy at least four different positions in the ecology of development: as facilitators of global institutional diffusion, as delegates of the nation-state, as brokers between global and national market institutions, and as activists of local social resistance. In the process of development, those four types of professionals are often in conflict, and the ecology of professions differentiates among them by means of their social interactions in issue areas such as economic growth, access to justice, and human rights.
Social Work Professionalism During and After Apartheid in South Africa
Authors: van de Ruit Catherine
Published: September 2017

Professionalism is an ideal defined as the norms or values that orient the work of an occupation. In practice, research derived from country settings in the Global North shows how the ideal of professionalism competes with market and bureaucratic priorities. Less is known about how professionalism is nurtured or subjugated to market and bureaucratic institutions in postcolonial contexts in the Global South. This paper takes up the study of factors that promote or constrain professionalism in one postcolonial setting by contrasting South African social worker professionalism during and after apartheid. In the wake of calls for international research that is historically-grounded and sensitive to local context, data drawn from archival research and ethnographic fieldwork finds that social workers are prevented from asserting their professional values as a unified profession due to enduring race divisions in the profession. Another legacy of apartheid is the profession's dependency on the state for funding social worker salaries, which constrains social workers ability to assert professional values independent of the state's agenda. Finally, the organizational context employing social workers creates uneven opportunities for social workers to assert their professional values through policy advocacy.
Variation in Position Effect Variegation Within a Natural Population
Authors: Kelsey Keegan J P , Clark Andrew G
Published: September 2017

Changes in chromatin state may drive changes in gene expression, and it is of growing interest to understand the population genetic forces that drive differences in chromatin state. Here, we use the phenomenon of position effect variegation (PEV), a well-studied proxy for chromatin state, to survey variation in PEV among a naturally derived population. Further, we explore the genetic architecture of natural variation in factors that modify PEV. While previous mutation screens have identified over 150 suppressors and enhancers of PEV, it remains unknown to what extent allelic variation in these modifiers mediate interindividual variation in PEV. Is natural variation in PEV mediated by segregating genetic variation in known Su(var) and E(var) genes, or is the trait polygenic, with many variants mapping elsewhere in the genome? We designed a dominant mapping study that directly answers this question and suggests that the bulk of the variance in PEV does not map to genes with prior annotated impact to PEV. Instead, we find enrichment of top P-value ranked associations that suggest impact to active promoter and transcription start site proximal regions. This work highlights extensive variation in PEV within a population, and provides a quantitative view of the role naturally segregating autosomal variants play in modifying PEV—a phenomenon that continues to shape our understanding of chromatin state and epigenetics.
El chamán de los chamanes: etnografía de la hechicería entre los Kalapalo en el parque indigena de Xingú
Authors: Franco Neto João Veridiano
Published: September 2017

Resultado de la investigación a campo realizada entre los Kalapalo, este trabajo se fundamenta en una etnografía pertinente a la hechicería y al chamanismo. Se trata de describir y analizar un evento del 2006, cuando un kalapalo impulsó un sincretismo entre saberes chamánicos y cristianos por medio de sus experiencias con el universo no indígena. Tal situación le alzó al estatus de ‘chamán de los chamanes’; en seguida, su condición se revirtió al estatus de peligroso hechicero. Al concentrar exacerbado poder en su persona, las acusaciones de hechicería encontraron una forma de evitar la cristalización de un poder instituido. La hechicería, de ese modo, demuestra ser un mecanismo que fomenta y controla la subversión del ethos indígena.
Body Tubes and Synaesthesia
Authors: Hugh-Jones Stephen
Published: September 2017

Los flujos a través de formas tubulares en el cuerpo, en la cultura material y en el medio natura juegan un papel clave en el pensamiento de los pueblos indígenas del noroeste amazónico. Usando ejemplos de la vida cotidiana, la mitología y el ritual, este artículo examina el tubo como un concepto abstracto que une fisiología, sicología y procesos productivos con aspectos sociológicos y cosmológicos más amplios. Las manifestaciones materiales, visuales y acústicas del flujo tubular ("cabello") también plantean los asuntos de sinestesia y nociones fractales de totalización/destotalización. Siendo los tubos equivalentes a la vida misma, la atención ritual se enfoca en regular las aperturas corporales y de otros tipos para asegurar un flujo balanceado y bien temperado. El artículo concluye sugiriendo que la elaboración cultural de tubos y sinestesia en el noroeste amazónico puede estar relacionada con los rasgos lineales exogámicos de la estructura social característica de la región.
Diroá mahami tohatisehe: mehẽka marĩ nisere tʉoñaro nisari? = El regreso de los Diroá: ¿Un giro ontológico?
Authors: Sarmento Lemos Pedro , Rezende Justino Sarmento
Published: September 2017

Este texto bilingüe (tuyuka/tukano-portugués) presenta la intervención de los Diroá en defensa de sus “hijos de madre” (hijos de hermanas de madre, es decir, pueblos con los que no se puede contraer matrimonio) después del ataque de los payés. El texto es una forma de protección del ser humano contra los ataques de las fuerzas destructivas de los enemigos humanos. El sabio Pedro, del pueblo tuyuka, lo narró en 2015. Justino Sarmiento, doctorando (del pueblo tuyuka) en antropología social del programa de postgrado en antropología social de la Universidade Federal do Amazonas, hizo la traducción y el análisis antropológico del texto.
Chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankungen beim Hund – diagnostische und therapeutische Aspekte
Authors: Heilmann Romy , Erdmann Carolin
Published: September 2017

Als chronische Enteropathien werden über mindestens 3 Wochen andauernde gastrointestinale Symptome wie Vomitus, Diarrhö, Borborygmus, Gewichtsverlust oder abdominale Dolenz bezeichnet. Die Diagnose erfordert Labor- und Kotuntersuchungen sowie bildgebende Diagnostik zum Ausschluss infektiöser oder mechanisch-obstruktiver gastrointestinaler sowie extragastrointestinaler Ursachen. Spezifische labordiagnostische Tests wie z. B. die Bestimmung der Cobalamin- und Folsäurekonzentration im Serum geben zudem Hinweise auf das Vorliegen einer distalen bzw. proximalen Dünndarmerkrankung. Die chronische Enteropathie beinhaltet die Futtermittel-responsive (FRE), Antibiotika-responsive (ARE), Immunsuppressiva-responsive bzw. -refraktäre (IRE) und nichtresponsive Enteropathie (NRE), die retrospektiv durch ihr Ansprechen auf empirische Therapieversuche diagnostiziert werden. Eine Sonderstellung nimmt die Proteinverlust-Enteropathie (PLE) ein, die mit einer schlechteren Prognose einhergeht. Sie stellt eine Folge verschiedener Grunderkrankungen dar, wie schwergradige entzündliche oder neoplastische Darmerkrankungen oder primäre intes tinale Lymphangiektasien. Zur besseren Vergleichbarkeit des Schweregrades der Erkrankung und zur objektiveren Einschätzung einer Verbesserung der klinischen Symptomatik unter Therapie dienen numerische Bewertungssysteme (CIBDAI, CCECAI), die die Ausprägung verschiedener klinischer sowie labordiagnostischer Parameter bewerten. Die Prognose der chronischen Enteropathie ist abhängig von der zugrundeliegenden Ursache. Tiere mit FRE zeigen meist ein schnelles Ansprechen und eine gute Langzeitkontrolle ihrer Erkrankung. Bei Hunden mit IRE oder PLE besteht hingegen ein variabler Therapieerfolg und es kommt häufig zu Rückfällen.
Angoff anchor statements: setting a flawed gold standard?
Authors: Burr Steven Ashley , Zahra Daniel , Cookson John , Salih Vehid Max , Gabe-Thomas Elizabeth , Robinson Iain Martin
Published: September 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The Angoff standard setting method depends fundamentally on the conceptualisation of an anchor statement. The precise wording and consequent interpretation of anchor statements varies in practice. Emphasis is often placed on standard setting judges' perceptions of difficulty for a candidate subgroup. The current review focusses on the meaning of anchor statements and argues that when determining the required standard of performance it is more appropriate to consider: (1) what it is important to achieve, and not how difficult it is to achieve it; (2) what all candidates should achieve, and not what a subgroup of candidates would achieve. In summary, current practice should be refined by using an anchor statement which refers to estimating the 'minimum acceptable performance by every candidate' for each item being tested, and then requiring each judge to score the relevant aspects of importance which could then be combined to derive a cut-score.
El testeo de instrumentos de análisis de encuadres periodísticos en seis diarios chilenos
Authors: Gronemeyer Maria Elena
Published: September 2017

Este artículo informa el trabajo en la capacitación de codificadores para investigar con metodologías de observación empírica y evaluar en Chile la viabilidad de aplicar instrumentos de medición científica desarrollados en otro espacio cultural. Para ello, nueve personas sin entrenamiento previo probaron y perfeccionaron durante cuatro meses instrumentos de clasificación de encuadres periodísticos en noticias políticas de la prensa chilena. Con un análisis de contenido periodístico se testeó la viabilidad de medir los cinco encuadres genéricos de Semetko & Valkenburg (2000) en medios nacionales de distinto perfil. La experiencia probó ser relevante para corregir los instrumentos existentes y para perfeccionar la dinámica de trabajo de un equipo de codificadores haciéndola más eficiente y con mayores posibilidades de alcanzar resultados válidos.
Etnicidad, política y medios de comunicación. Los rankülches de la provincia de San Luis, Argentina
Authors: Giacomasso María Vanesa
Published: September 2017

El presente trabajo busca analizar las formas de visibilización del pueblo indígena rankülche de San Luis (Argentina) en la prensa gráfica, en un contexto caracterizado por la puesta en práctica de acciones reivindicatorias del gobierno provincial durante el siglo XXI. Se trata de la restitución de tierras en el 2007 y la construcción de “Pueblo Ranquel” para la vida en comunidad de esta población, inaugurado en 2009. El objetivo es examinar las notas periodísticas, poniendo especial atención a las representaciones construidas hacia los indígenas, así como en torno a la relación emergente entre estos y el Estado. La indagación se centra en las noticias de El Diario de la República, cabecera provincial, aunque también incluye publicaciones de otros diarios nacionales.
Perversão e política no impeachment de Dilma Rousseff
Authors: Pessoa do Amaral Muriel Emídio , Arias Neto José Miguel
Published: September 2017

La propuesta de este artículo es reconocer cómo los discursos mediáticos, como dispositivos de poder, edifican mediaciones que sustentan la falta de consideración de la mujer en el espacio político. Para ello, la investigación se apoya en contenidos difundidos por la revista Isto É, por el sitio web de la revista Veja, y por la Tv Estadão, perteneciente al periódico O Estado de S. Paulo, que reflejan una desvalorización por el lugar de la mujer y las cuestiones de género en el escenario político, restringiéndolo a los espacios privados.
Mujeres que ejercen prostitución en Río Gallegos. Una propuesta desde el análisis cultural
Authors: Behrens Romina Alejandra
Published: September 2017

Desde la propuesta del análisis cultural y tomando la discusión sobre los procesos hegemónicos, el artículo se centra en el debate por la prostitución como explotación o como trabajo a raíz de la llegada del auge abolicionista a través de su forma jurídico política en el año 2008. Nos enfocamos en los saberes y prácticas que están en pugna en Río Gallegos, al sur de la Argentina, con foco en los procesos de negociación en los que participan las mujeres que ejercen prostitución. Las preguntas finales se relacionan con las condiciones para la organización colectiva de las mujeres que ejercen prostitución y con cómo se vive la subalternidad en un enclave sureño periférico del contexto nacional.
Familia homoparental en Cuba: una realidad no contada
Authors: Acosta Damas Maribel , Costales Pérez Zenaida , Rosales Vicente Beatriz
Published: September 2017

La investigación aborda las temáticas relacionadas con la comunidad LGTBI, y dentro ellas el tratamiento a la familia homoparental en Cuba, a fin de develar sus rasgos en la producción audiovisual cubana, y los factores socio-culturales y jurídicos que así lo determinan. A partir de este resultado, el estudio propone un acercamiento al proceso de producción del documental Sí, quiero, realizado en la carrera de Periodismo de la Universidad de La Habana, que desarrolla su discurso audiovisual con una construcción de género inclusiva para promover el debate público sobre los derechos de la familia homoparental, tradicionalmente invisibilizada en los contenidos mediáticos y de las industrias culturales en Cuba y otras partes del mundo.
Memoria y promesa. Conversaciones con Jesús Martín Barbero (J. Huergo & K. Morawicki)
Authors: Sanchez Narvarte Roberto Emiliano , Komissarov Serguei
Published: September 2017

Memoria y promesa. Conversaciones con Jesús Martín BarberoJorge HUERGO y Kevin MORAWICKIEditorial: Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.Año: 2016Páginas: 230ISBN: 978-987-4127-04-4
Imaginarios de sujeto en la Era Digital. Post(identidades) contemporáneas (Heidi Figueroa Sarriera)
Authors: Cuadra Álvaro
Published: September 2017

Imaginarios de sujeto en la Era Digital. Post(identidades) contemporáneasHeidi FIGUEROA SARRIERAEditorial: Ediciones CIESPAL. Quito, Ecuador.Año: 2017Páginas: 188ISBN: 978-9978-55-161-5
Introducción: Construir estrategias para nombrar (otra vez) lo prohibido
Authors: Cremona Florencia
Published: September 2017

Son momentos para mirar el sistema político del patriarcado y la violencia machista instalada en el discurso como uno de los fundamentos principales del presente. Cada uno de estos sugerentes y muy bien trabajados artículos nos invita a reflexionar acerca de la importancia de destramar el género de la vida cotidiana para transformar la humanidad. No solo mediante leyes, sino desde la profunda creencia de que es injusto vivir como vivimos, de que merecemos rebelarnos a los confines de nuestra biología y vivir plenamente, desterrando los fantasmas y las voces que nos habitan.
Propiedad Intelectual y Derechos Humanos. Hacia un sistema de derechos de autor que promueva los derechos culturales (B. Busaniche)
Authors: Aguirre Moreno María José
Published: September 2017

Propiedad Intelectual y Derechos Humanos. Hacia un sistema de derechos de autor que promueva los derechos culturalesBeatriz BUSANICHEEditorial: Tren en Movimiento. Temperley, Argentina.Año: 2016Páginas: 112ISBN: 978-987-3789-20-5
Optimal Bank Regulation in the Presence of Credit and Run Risk
Authors: Vardoulakis Alexandros P. , Kashyap Anil K. , Tsomocos Dimitrios P.
Published: September 2017

We modify the Diamond and Dybvig (1983) model of banking to jointly study various regulations in the presence of credit and run risk. Banks choose between liquid and illiquid assets on the asset side, and between deposits and equity on the liability side. The endogenously determined asset portfolio and capital structure interact to support credit extension, as well as to provide liquidity and risk-sharing services to the real economy. Our modifications create wedges in the asset and liability mix between the private equilibrium and a social planner's equilibrium. Correcting these distortions requires the joint implementation of a capital and a liquidity regulation.
Cambios en el autocuidado de estudiantes de enfermería colombianos, durante la formación profesional. 2015
Authors: Escobar Potes María del Pilar , Mejía Uribe Ángela María , Betancur López Sonia Inés
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: Describir cambios en las prácticas de autocuidado de estudiantes de enfermería de universidades colombianas, durante la formación profesional. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional, de corte trasversal, con enfoque cuantitativo; n = 487 a estudiantes de enfermería de ocho universidades colombianas. Se diseñó una encuesta para recolectar información sobre variables sociodemográficas, prácticas protectoras y de riesgo para la salud, adquiridas antes o durante la carrera, o modificados durante la formación profesional, que se aplicó por medio de la herramienta Google Drive, previo consentimiento informado. Resultados: Al ingresar a la universidad, las prácticas protectoras presentes fueron: higiene y cuidado personal en 84,8%, cuidado de la piel en 50% y asistencia a programas de promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad, 39,2%; las prácticas preventivas en el ejercicio de la sexualidad y las habilidades sociales para vivir, presentaron cambios positivos en el 32,4% y el 47,84%, respectivamente. Fueron interrumpidas frecuentemente y abandonadas: actividad física por 76,2% y recreación y tiempo de ocio por 65,2%.; los patrones de alimentación presentaron cambios negativos en 22,8%. Entre quienes consumen bebidas energizantes, el 13% lo aumentó y 50,9% se automedican. Conclusiones: El proceso de formación incide positivamente en la asistencia a programas de promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad, cuidado de la piel, habilidades para vivir y ejercicio de la sexualidad y negativamente en actividad física, recreación y tiempo de ocio, patrones de alimentación, consumo de bebidas energizantes y automedicación.
Predictores psicológicos del autocuidado en salud
Authors: Gómez Acosta Andrés
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: Determinar en qué medida los estilos de afrontamiento, la autoeficacia percibida, la salud mental positiva y las creencias saludables, en interacción, predicen la ocurrencia de pautas de autocuidado en salud con una muestra de 570 adultos jóvenes. Materiales y Métodos: Se aplicó una batería compuesta por instrumentos validados para evaluar la presencia de las variables criterio. Con la información obtenida se desarrollaron análisis descriptivos, de diferencias de medias y correlacionales, así como un análisis multivariado con un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (MEE). Resultados: Se identifican altos puntajes en los factores psicológicos protectores, en las creencias y en las prácticas saludables; así mismo, se reportan diferencias significativas en el autocuidado de acuerdo con el sexo y el estrato socioeconómico, y correlaciones importantes entre los factores psicológicos adaptativos con el autocuidado en salud. Por último, el MEE que mostró mayor ajuste, explica un 39% de la varianza asociada con las prácticas de autocuidado en salud. Conclusión: El modelo, aunque no es concluyente, puede brindar soporte conceptual y empírico para crear estrategias en promoción del autocuidado en salud con población de adulto joven.
Suomalainen kulttuuriosallistuminen ja eriarvoisuus: ei-osallistujien jäljillä
Authors: Heikkilä Riie
Published: September 2017

Finnish society is often considered culturally homogeneous, and an aura of middle-class spirit is claimed to label the Finns’ cultural taste and cultural participation. However, it is a well-demonstrated fact that both are intrinsically linked to structural factors like income and social status. The aim of this article is to figure out how Finnish cultural non-participation patterns are distributed in the population and to explore how the leisure time of the non-participants of (highbrow) culture is constructed. Data, a nationally representative survey (n=1388) and household follow-up interviews conducted with its participants (n=28) will be drawn from the research project. The article shows that there are indeed socially motivated differences in cultural participation practices but that cultural non-participation is not necessarily linked to passivity in other spheres of life.
Kulttuuripolitiikka ja nationalismi kilpailuvaltio-Suomessa: innovatiivinen luova talous
Authors: Jakonen Olli
Published: September 2017

Nationalism is constitutive of modern political forms of social life and also historically one of the key features defining cultural policy in modern nation states. Regardless of transformations called globalization, methodological nationalism remains rooted also in the underlying logic of national cultural policies. In the 1990s the Finnish welfare-state shifted towards so-called competition state. In Finnish public cultural policy this marked a shift from a welfare orientation towards a more economy-oriented neo-liberal rationale. Alongside the old welfare and cultural nationalisms, new forms of nationalism emphasizing individual creativity, innovation and economic value of art and culture emerged in cultural policy discourses in a framework of national competitiveness. This article looks into economic rationale and competitiveness as one of the thriving paradigms of cultural policy and nationalism in the field of culture from the 1990’s onwards. It examines discursively the idea of innovative knowledge and creative economy as an example of national-economic project which has somewhat blurred the definitions of culture and creativity. Furthermore, the article discusses the idea of creative economy in the institutional politics of different administrational sectors.

Keywords: Competition state, nationalism, neoliberalism, creative economy, cultural policy strategies.
Development and validation of a multi-locus DNA metabarcoding method to identify endangered species in complex samples_SOP v2
Authors: J. Arulandhu Alfred , Staats Martijn , Hagelaar Rico , M. Voorhuijzen Marleen , W. Prins Theo , Scholtens Ingrid , Peelen and Esther Kok Tamara
Published: September 2017

Background: DNA metabarcoding provides great potential for species identification in complex samples such as food supplements and traditional medicines. Such a method would aid CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) enforcement officers to combat wildlife crime by preventing illegal trade of endangered plant and animal species. The objective of this research was to develop a multi-locus DNA metabarcoding method for forensic wildlife species identification and to evaluate the applicability and reproducibility of this approach across different laboratories. Results: A DNA metabarcoding method was developed that makes use of 12 DNA barcode markers that have demonstrated universal applicability across a wide range of plant and animal taxa, and that facilitate the identification of species in samples containing degraded DNA. The DNA metabarcoding method was developed based on Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing of well-defined experimental mixtures, for which a bioinformatics pipeline with user-friendly web interface was developed. The performance of the DNA metabarcoding method was assessed in an international validation trial by 16 laboratories, in which the method was found to be highly reproducible and sensitive enough to identify species present in a mixture at 1% dry weight content. Conclusion:The advanced multi-locus DNA metabarcoding method assessed in this study provides reliable and detailed data on the composition of complex food products, including information on the presence of CITES-listed species. The method can provide improved resolution for species identification, while verifying species with multiple DNA barcodes contributes to an enhanced quality assurance.
PERSONNEL PROCESSES IN MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS: THE STATE AND DIRECTIONS OF REGULATION
Authors: Kaprina I. A.
Published: September 2017

Results of sociological research of problem questions of regulation of personnel processes in the medical organizations are presented in this article. The problem of reforming medical organizations is characterized. Proposals on the solution of currently important problems of personnel regulation in medical organizations are formulated.

The purpose of the research is to substantiate the directions of improving the management of personnel processes in modern medical organizations based on the sociological analysis of personnel processes and relations in medical organizations.

Materials and methods. The paper presents the results of a sociological study of the condition and problems of regulation of personnel processes in medical organizations. The survey involved 240 respondents from among the employees of medical organizations and 97 qualified medical experts.

Results. It is proved that the successful functioning of medical organizations is possible with a scientific approach to the management of personnel processes and relations, including analysis of personnel policy issues, sociological support of personnel processes regulation, development of human resources technologies in modern medical organizations.

Conclusions. Successful functioning of medical organizations is possible with a scientific approach to the management of personnel processes and relations, including analysis of personnel policy issues, sociological support of personnel processes regulation, development of modern personnel technologies in medical organizations. Achievement of effective management of personnel processes in medical organizations requires the development and implementation of scientifically sound human resources policy in the health care system, improving the regulatory and organizational support for the regulation of personnel processes, enhancing the role of self-regulatory organizationsin the management of personnel processes in medical organizations.
REVIEW OF APPROACHES TO IMMUNOTHERAPY IN ONCOLOGY
Authors: Tsarev I. L. , Melerzanov A. V.
Published: September 2017

The article discusses modern ideas about the immune therapy of cancer — methods of treatment of oncological diseases based on immunological reactions of the organism to the appearance of malignant cells in it. This area is actively studied in clinical practice in the last decade, and some therapy has already been approved for use by regulators after promising results of clinical trials 3 phase.

Immune therapy is based on antitumor immune cycle — the cascade of processes responsible for the immune system’s response to tumor cells. Involved regulatory mechanisms are targets for various therapies, the overall goal is to restore proper functioning of the cycle and to achieve the elimination of cancer cells.

Currently, the most studied two types of immune therapy — checkpoint inhibitors and adaptive cell therapy. Checkpoint inhibitors increase the activity of body immune cells, reducing the inhibitory influence of the tumor microenvironment and the tumor cells themselves, which allowed them to get out from under the pressure of the immune system during the development of the disease. Adaptive cell therapy, in turn, allows to compensate the lack of active immune against tumor cells.

Mechanisms of action determine the effectiveness of various therapies for different diseases, and for patients inside of one diagnosis. To determine the effectiveness of other treatment prior to a particular patient it is necessary to use the latest achievements in precision medicine, based on the search for new biomarkers and analyzing each patient separately. This approach will significantly reduce costs and save precious time for the patient.
ACCELERATED REGIMENS OF ADJUVANT RADIOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER
Authors: Afonin G. V. , Ragulin Yu. A. , Gulidov I. A.
Published: September 2017

Treatment of breast cancer (BC) is a complex multidisciplinary problem. Often, radiation therapy is an obligatory component of treatment of breast cancer patients. Numerous large randomized trials have proved the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy in both the standard fractionation regimen in a single focal dose of 2 Gy to a total focal dose of 50 Gy for 25 fractions and in modes of hypofractionation using radiation exposure at a larger daily dose with a reduction in the total treatment time. The presented review summarizes the data of the largest studies on the modes of hypofractionation of postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer. Most of the studies comparing the standard mode of fractionation of postoperative radiotherapy with the modes of hypofractionation showed comparable results for the main oncological parameters with similar tolerability, frequency of complications and good cosmetic results. It also shows the economic feasibility of applying accelerated regimes in everyday practice. Despite the fact that radiotherapy in the mode of hypofractionation has already become the standard of treatment and is recommended for use by the largest European and American cancer associations, indications for its conduct, the criteria for selection in the studies and the range of recommended single focal doses differ. The obtained results do not give an opportunity to confidently judge the advantage of one or another regime. It is necessary to determine the factors of a favorable and unfavorable prognosis, to clarify the indications for the use of various radiotherapy techniques. Therefore, questions about the optimal mode of hypo-fractionation of adjuvant radiotherapy, the timing of its initiation and the criteria for selecting patients for this type of therapy as part of the comprehensive treatment of breast cancer have not yet been fully resolved. Also open is the choice of optimal single and total doses of radiation, its combination with drug therapy.
A Functional Central Limit Theorem for Kernel Type Density Estimators
Authors: Fazekas István , Filzmoser Peter
Published: September 2017

Kernel type density estimators are studied for random fields. A functional central limit theorem in the space of square integrable functions is proved if the locations of observations become more and more dense in an increasing sequence of domains.
Simulation Studies for Complex Sampling Designs
Authors: Wagner Helga , Eckmair Doris
Published: September 2017

Choosing the appropriate variance estimation method in complex surveys is a difficult task since there exist a variety of techniques which usually cannot be compared mathematically. A relatively easy way to accomplish such a comparison is on the basis of simulation studies. Though simulation studies are widely used in statistics, they are not a standard tool for investigating properties of estimators in complex survey sampling designs. In this paper we describe the setup for a simulation study according to the sampling plan of the Austrian Microcensus (AMC), used 1994–2003 which is an example for a very complex sampling plan. To illustrate the proceeding we conducted a simulation study comparing basic variance estimators. Results of the study reveal the extent to which simple variance estimators may underestimate the true sampling error in close to reality situations.
The Skew Generalized Secant Hyperbolic Family
Authors: Fischer Matthias
Published: September 2017

We introduce a skewness parameter into Vaughan’s (2002) generalized secant hyperbolic (GSH) distribution by means of exponential tilting and develop some properties of the new distribution family. In particular, the moment-generating function is derived which ensures the existence of all moments. Finally, the flexibility of our distribution is compared to similar parametric models by means of moment-ratio plots and application to foreign exchange rate data.
Shrinkage Testimators for the Inverse Dispersion of the Inverse Gaussian Distribution under the LINEX Loss Function
Authors: Prakash Gyan , Singh D.C.
Published: September 2017

In this paper, shrinkage testimators for the inverse dispersion for inverse Gaussian distribution when its prior information is available in the form of a guess value have been considered. The proposed testimators have been compared with the minimum risk estimator in the class of unbiased estimators under the LINEX loss function.
On Speed of Stochastic CART Model Search
Authors: Ispány Márton , Krasznahorkay Ilona
Published: September 2017

Decision trees have proved to be commonly used nonlinear tools for supervised learning. This technique is a way to divide the space of the predictor variables into bricks in order to achieve as homogeneous partitions as possible. We improved the CART method proposed by Breiman et al. (1984) using a stochastic search, first suggested by Chipman et al. (1998) in the Bayesian framework. In this paper estimates are given for the rate ofconvergence and the mixing time of the MCMC method defined on decision trees.
A Demometric Analysis of the Croatian Population
Authors: Štambuk Ana
Published: September 2017

In Croatia as in other European countries we experience a decrease of fertility and a demographic ageing of the population. In almost all the countries the level of fertility is below the replacement level. The decrease of the fertility and the increase of life expectancy leads to a larger proportion of the elderly population and to a decrease of the potential working contingent, which influences the entire economic development. A systematic analysis of the population is therefore essential. To analyze the population, as precise as possible, we apply demometric methods. Thus, the fertility, the stablepopulation model, and the hidden population momentum are analyzed.Besides usual demographic measurements we also calculate the Bongaarts-Feeney quantum and tempo of fertility and the Coale-Trussell fertility method. The intrinsic growth rate of a stable population model is also determined. The population momentum describes a possible reason for the changing number of inhabitants. All these demometric methods are also applied on other countries so that the Croatian population can be compared to other populations of European countries.
A Framework to Interpret Nonstandard Log-Linear Models
Authors: Mair Patrick
Published: September 2017

The formulation of log-linear models within the framework of Generalized Linear Models offers new possibilities in modeling categorical data. The resulting models are not restricted to the analysis of contingency tables in terms of ordinary hierarchical interactions. Such models are considered as the family of nonstandard log-linear models. The problem that can arise is an ambiguous interpretation of parameters. In the current paperthis problem is solved by looking at the effects coded in the design matrix and determining the numerical contribution of single effects. Based on these results, stepwise approaches are proposed in order to achieve parsimonious models. In addition, some testing strategies are presented to test such (eventually non-nested) models against each other. As a result, a whole interpretation framework is elaborated to examine nonstandard log-linear models in depth.