bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leadership in local government units
Authors: Dokic Dragan
Published: March 2017

Local governments represent the specific legal entities whose mission is to
create a better living conditions for its citizens. Market conditions require
the introduction of a high level of efficiency in business, which is
reflected in the management of capital and human resources. It is necessary
that management processes are conducted according to the principles of
management. Local government units nowadays are faced with the increasing
requirements from the legislator through strict regulations on the one side,
and from the citizens who expect a greater level of public services, on the
other side. Meeting all the expectations practically requires the
availability of a high quality working staff. Although the recruitment
process is prescribed by law, the requirements for a position are determined
by the employer?s needs. Therefore, the employer is the one who has a direct
influence on the formation of the working team that will perform the assigned
duties. This paper will show the attitudes of the leaders in the local
government units, analyze the motivating force, and through correlations
present the relationship between the attitudes of the leaders according to
their hierarchical positions and attitudes of local government employees.
The concept of statutory law in the work of Bozidar Grujovic
Authors: Alicic Samir
Published: March 2017

In Slovo, a speech that Bozidar Grujovic (Teodor Filipovic) prepared for the
occasion of the foundation of the Governmental Council of Serbia
(Praviteljstvujusci sovjet srpski) in 1805, there is a definition of the
concept of ?statutory law? (zakon), according to which it has the following
characteristics: it is the expression of the popular will; it applies equally
to all citizens; it has rational and ethical characteristics because it
requires good deeds and prevents the bad ones. Such a concept of statutory
law significantly differs from the positivist conception, dominant in the
contemporary Serbian law. In this article, the author analyzes the legal and
political ideas of Bozidar Grujovic with the aim to show that his ideas
derive from the Roman law, and that they are received, indirectly, by
Rousseau and the ideologues of the French Revolution. Contrary to the
dominant theory in today?s science, the author believes that the direct model
for the ideas of Grujovic is not to be sought in the Declaration of the
Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789, but in the Montagnard Constitution
and the Declaration of the Rights of 1793.
Origins and guidelines of philosophy of Mihailo Djuric: A late humanist in the era of post-humanism
Authors: Koprivica Caslav
Published: March 2017

This article sheds some light on a leading line of thought of Serbian
philosopher Mihailo Djuric (1925-2011), recognized by a specific reception of
humanism - as a keyword both for his theoretical position and overall world
view. Djuric, following the lead of the so-called Third Humanism, but also the
main flow of the entire humanistic heritage, shows the depth of the crisis of
modern humanity, but also the necessity of its consolidation by returning to
the safe ground of ancient ideals of humanity, which are to reorient us. For
Djuric, philosophy is the origin of the Greek-European culture and spiritual
strength that should strongly contribute to the renewal of contemporary
culture, which is going down a dangerous blind alley.
Audiovisual content accessibility for persons with disabilities in the human rights framevork
Authors: Lutovac Zoran
Published: March 2017

Accessibility of audiovisual content for people with disabilities is strongly
related to the right of freedom of opinion and expression, right to the equal
treatment and the right to freedom from discrimination. UN, Council of Europe
and the European Union regulate the issue of accessibility, including the
accessibility of information and communication technology, ICT, by a number
of documents ? conventions, charters, directives, etc. However, the most
important international instrument stressing this issue in the context of
human rights is the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
Enormous developments in the field of ICT open up a large scope of
opportunities for persons with disabilities to have barrier-free access to
the audiovisual content. Among other things, digital distribution should make
the audiovisual content fully accessible to all. The legal framework of the
Republic of Serbia regulating this issue in general is in line with European
standards, however, the percentage of fully accessible audiovisual content is
far below acceptable in Europe. Stronger obligations for private and public
broadcasters to provide fully accessible media content, the introduction of
quotas, giving new and more binding powers to telecom and media regulatory
body, etc., are some of the ideas that, applied in Europe, had generated much
better situation in the audiovisual area for people with sensory impairments.
Without redefined and more binding obligations of broadcasters, without
larger powers of regulatory bodies, which would mean the possibility of
introducing sanctions for certain actions or lack of action of both public
and private media services, at this level of social responsibility awareness,
media service providers can always refer to the lack of technical and
financial capacities in their response why they did not provide accessible
content in their programs. Hence, only with great optimism it can be expected
that audiovisual area in Serbia in the near future will be barrier-free in a
more significant extent in order to finally achieve the goal of audiovisual
world accessible to all.
Buklije of Drvenik: Contribution to the research of wedding customs in the Makarska littoral
Authors: Drazeta Bogdan , Drazeta Lazar
Published: March 2017

This paper describes the custom buklija which is still used in the Dalmatian
village of Drvenik during the wedding celebration. The terminology and
distribution of this custom is also examined through the relevant literature
and series of semi-structured interviews conducted in September 2014. This
paper can be a contribution to the research of wedding customs in the region
of Makarska littoral in a narrow sense and on the coast of the Adriatic Sea
in its hinterland in a broader sense.
Treatment of vertical maxillary excess without open bite in a skeletal Class II hyperdivergent patient
Authors: Paik Cheol-Ho , Park Hong-Sik , Ahn Hyo-Won
Published: March 2017

A 20-year-old woman visited the office complaining of a gummy smile and lip protrusion. She was diagnosed with vertical maxillary excess without open bite and skeletal Class II hyperdivergent pattern. She refused the surgical-orthodontic treatment option, although she wanted to correct the gummy smile and retruded chin. Differential intrusion of anterior and posterior teeth in both arches was necessary to maximize the skeletal treatment effects. In the maxilla, one palatal temporary anchorage device (TAD), an archwire with an accentuated curve of Spee, and a transpalatal arch were applied. In the mandible, an archwire with a reverse curve of Spee and two vertically positioned TADs were used. These simple mechanics contributed to the effective intrusion of the total upper and lower arches, correction of the gummy smile, and mandibular counterclockwise rotation, offering an alternative to orthognathic surgery for this patient.
Corporate Entrepreneurship
Authors: Ng Lai Hong
Published: March 2017

Corporations cannot be static – they must continually adapt and redefine themselves as the development and enhancement of new products, services, processes and technologies are occurring at a phenomenal speed. In the long term, for corporations to remain competitive, corporate entrepreneurship is one of the ways forward. This chapter concentrates on establishing an understanding of corporate entrepreneurship and the approaches corporations can use as pathways to becoming sustainable and successful organizations.
International Entrepreneurship and Growth
Authors: Tran Yen , Batas Spiros
Published: March 2017

Globalization allows not only the international expansion of multi-national companies (MNCs) but also the growing success of early internationalizing firms, who go global and succeed in multiple foreign markets at birth or early in their operation as part of their early growth strategy. This chapter focuses on these early internationalising firms and will help you understand how these firms excel with their performance in competitive global markets. You should then be able to: Understand the globalization influences, the emergence of early internationalized firms; Understand and explain the theoretical foundation of international entrepreneurship; Identify different motivations for international entrepreneurs; Examine the characteristics and traits of an international entrepreneur; Build international entrepreneurial capabilities for starting and growing an international venture.
Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: McGilvray Linda , Parker Lloyd , Quinn Patrick , Cowan Diarmuid
Published: March 2017

This chapter will consider social entrepreneurship and will focus on the similarities and differences between social entrepreneurship and such commercial activities as corporate social responsibility (CSR). It will also spotlight some of the challenges facing academics and practitioners alike when attempting to define SE.
Utilização dos resíduos da extração do óleo bruto do café na produção de material adsorvente
Authors: Silva Luciano Luiz , Capelezzo Ana Paula , Besegatto Stefane Vieira , Conto Flavia , Fernandes Suellen Cadorin , Costelli Murilo Cesar , Savio Juliana , Colpani Gustavo Lopes
Published: March 2017

Uma alternativa viável e eficaz no tratamento de efluentes é o uso de carvão ativado. Este trabalho possui por objetivo a obtenção de um carvão ativado utilizando como material percursor café torrado que passou por um processo prévio de extração, para retirada do óleo bruto, que atue no tratamento do corante azul de metileno. Os materiais foram caracterizados através da determinação da área superficial BET. A cinética de adsorção foi determinada experimentalmente e os modelos comparados aos modelos matemáticos de pseudoprimeira e pseudossegunda ordem, sendo que o modelo de pseudossegunda ordem descreveu mais adequadamente a cinética de adsorção com qe = 103,09 mg.g−1 para C1 e 62,89 mg.g−1 para C2. A capacidade de adsorção de surfactantes aniônicos no equilíbrio obedeceu ao modelo de Langmuir para C1, apresentando K de 2,125 L.mg−1 e qmax de 588,235 mg.g−1 e a isoterma de Freundlich apresentou o melhor ajuste aos dados de equilíbrio para C2, sendo os resultados obtidos para KF e n iguais a 51,019 ((mg.g−1).(L.mg−1)1/n) e 3,104, respectivamente. O ponto de carga zero para C1 está na faixa de 2,001 - 2,009 e C2 de 2,0013. Os resultados demonstraram ambos os carvões ativados são eficientes na remoção de corantes catiônicos.
Dificuldades no aleitamento materno em crianças com fissura de lábio e/ou palato
Authors: Santos Adriana Selma Carneiro Miranda dos , Queiroz Jessica Thamilles Souza , Souza Michelly Sodré Pereira de , Coelho Antonio Cláudio do Rego
Published: March 2017

Esse artigo abordou a temática sobre as dificuldades no aleitamento materno em crianças com fissura de lábio e/ou palato. Tem como objetivo conhecer as dificuldades das mães de crianças portadoras de fissuras de lábio e/ou palato no aleitamento, enfatizando a valia do leite materno que tem fundamental relevância no crescimento e desenvolvimento da criança. Trata-se de uma revisão descritiva bibliográfica, utilizando a base de dados SCIELO, Revista CEFAC, Revista de Ciências da Saúde, Hospital Ophir Loyola e vários Systems Filem. Conclui- se que as dificuldades apresentadas pelas mães que vivenciam este problema afetam no sistema nutricional, emocional e intelectual da criança, podendo afetar o tratamento e a reabilitação da criança.Descritores: Aleitamento, Dificuldades, Fissura de Lábio e/ou Palato.Breastfeeding difficulties in children with cleft lip and/or palateAbstract: This article addressing the issue on breastfeeding difficulties in children with cleft lip and / or palate. Has as objective to know the difficulties of mothers of children with cleft lip and / or palate in breastfeeding, emphasizing the value of breast milk that has fundamental importance in the growth and development of children. This is a bibliographic descriptive review, using the database SCIELO, CEFAC journal, Journal of Health Sciences, Ophir Loyola Hospital and several Systems filem. It is concluded that the difficulties presented by mothers who experience this problem affect the nutritional system, emotional and intellectual child, which may affect the treatment and rehabilitation of child.Descriptors: Breastfeeding, Difficulties, Cleft Lip and/or Palate. Dificultades en la lactancia materna en los niños con labio y/o paladar hendidoResumen: En este artículo se ha abordado el tema de las dificultades en la lactancia materna en niños con labio y / o paladar hendido. Dicha investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer las dificultades de las madres de niños con labio y / o paladar hendido en la lactancia materna, haciendo hincapié en el valor de la leche materna que tiene una importancia fundamental en el crecimiento y en el desarrollo de los niños. Tratase de una revisión bibliográfica descriptiva, y se ha utilizado la base de datos SCIELO, CEFAC Revista, Revista de Ciencias de la Salud, Hospital Ophir Loyola y varios sistemas filem. Se concluyó que las dificultades presentadas por las madres que experimentan este problema afectan el sistema nutricional, emocional e intelectual del niño, lo cual puede afectar el tratamiento y la rehabilitación de los mismos.Descriptores: Lactancia, Dificultades, Labio Leporino y/o Paladar.
Lecturas etnográficas para los sistemas de innovación local
Authors: Cortés Claudio Gajardo , Ríos Francisco Ther
Published: March 2017

Las prácticas productivas de los pescadores artesanales portan habilidades y conocimientos cuyas combinaciones singularizan, desde su diferencia, las nociones de innovación y tecnología implícitas en las perspectivas del desarrollo. Algunas situaciones prácticas donde coexisten conocimientos locales y científicos informan lo anterior desde su participación en la construcción sociocultural del ambiente local. El presente trabajo describe tres situaciones en el sector de Guabún, zona noroccidental de la Isla de Chiloé; i) La técnica para subir desde el fondo del mar a la superficie por los buzos mariscadores de Luga (Gigartina skottsbergii), ii) Las prácticas en un Área de Manejo y Explotación de Recursos Bentónicos (AMERB) de la especie Loco (Concholepas concholepas) y iii) La extracción de Algas por recolectoras y buzos mariscadores habitantes del lugar. Al considerar simétricamente estos tipos de conocimientos, la innovación local puede revisarse a la luz de la experiencia compleja de cada ambiente local. Se apuesta con ello a reconsiderar las singularidades socio productivas de las caletas de pescadores como expresiones de la capacidad creativa de sus habitantes y a su potencialidad como posibilidad de alternativas de nuevo conocimiento para el desarrollo territorial de sociedades vinculadas a ecosistemas locales.
Informações editoriais
Authors: Cadecs Caderno Eletrônico de Ciências Sociais
Published: March 2017

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Editorial
Authors: Losekann Cristiana , Creado Eliana , Araújo Paulo Magalhães
Published: March 2017

Com satisfação anunciamos o lançamento do Caderno Eletrônico de Ciências Sociais, volume 02, número 01. O Cadecs é um periódico ligado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Neste número, o Caderno reúne um conjunto de artigos com temáticas variadas, de autoria de pesquisadores de diversas instituições e regiões do país. No conjunto, os trabalhos aqui publicados expressam a pluralidade teórico-metodológica característica das Ciências Sociais no Brasil, e, com mais esse número, busca-se incentivar e valorizar esse aspecto em nossa política editorial
Apresentação
Authors: Araújo Paulo Magalhães , Creado Eliana , Losekann Cristiana
Published: March 2017

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Experiências institucionalizadas: o espaço religioso e as leituras dos convertidos à Assembleia de Deus em Campina Grande - PB
Authors: Gama Monalisa Ribeiro
Published: March 2017

Embora a conversão seja frequentemente conside-rada um processo individual, como gerador de mudanças no âmbito da visão de mundo do indivíduo e de suas afiliações, este processo ocorre em contextos institucionais permeados por relações sociais. Pensamos aqui a conversão à AD enquanto rito institucional através do qual o ator social incorpora um novo habitus religioso por meio das experiências adquiridas no processo de conversão. Assim como há lugares reservados no espaço social para práticas cotidianas como trabalho ou lazer, existe um lugar para buscar a salvação e este como os demais, possui uma estrutura para isso. A igreja neste sentido contribui para transformar a experiência de conversão numa série de disposições simbólicas vividas pelos sujeitos que se diferenciam neste espaço. Enquanto instituição, a Igreja funciona como espaço físico/simbólico dotado de sentidos.  Seu poder regulador das condutas individuais exerce um papel de organizador da comunidade religiosa, promovendo um sentimento de pertença. Na vida cotidiana, nenhuma experiência de conversão é total, completa e perfeita. Diante das complexidades, ambiguidades e diversidades que marcam a experiência humana, a conversão religiosa é muito mais um objetivo buscado do que um produto final. Por isso ao entender a estrutura física da igreja entendemos ao mesmo tempo um modo possível de ser, sentir e agir dos de dentro que se sobrepõe a um modo de ser dos de fora da igreja, através dos diferentes pontos de vista que o espaço representa e reforça.
Dessas galinhas brancas, de granja - Ciência, técnica e conhecimento local nos equívocos da criação de animais entre os Karitiana (RO)
Authors: Vander Velden Felipe Ferreira
Published: March 2017

Através da descrição etnográfica – e, na medida do possível, multiespecífica – de uma série de controvérsias em torno de um extinto projeto de criação de galinhas de raça entre os Karitiana, povo indígena no estado de Rondônia, este artigo aponta para a necessidade de, nas investigações antropológicas em torno das interações (e descompassos) entre saberes tecnocientíficos e conhecimentos locais, atentar-se para o que sabem técnicos e agentes de campo. Estes personagens é que, muitas vezes, são quem efetivamente opera – não sem traduções e recriações – o trânsito entre ciência moderna e ciência nativa. Tais atores possuem sua bagagem própria de conhecimentos sobre as coisas do mundo, incluindo seus modos de tratamento dos animais, e são estes saberes – muito mais do que o conhecimento proveniente dos laboratórios – que dialogam com os saberes indígenas nas práticas produtivas locais.
Lo humano en lo no humano. La configuración cultural de artista, objeto y público en la experiencia artística contemporánea
Authors: Galletti Patricia Cecilia
Published: March 2017

El presente escrito pretende reflexionar desde una perspectiva transdisciplinar - filosófica, histórica y en particular, antropológica -, la configuración cultural del arte contemporáneo y su valor como encorporización de lo humano en lo no humano. Se tomarán en cuenta como ejes de análisis los llamados “síntomas” del posmodernismo: los cambios de paradigma entre arte y cultura, el surgimiento de nuevos objetos de arte y el impacto de las nuevas tecnologías, y las teorías acerca del fin de los tiempos. Asimismo, se expondrán las transformaciones relacionales e instancias de actualización entre artista, objeto y público en tanto entidades humanas y no humanas intervinientes en la experiencia artística. Por último, analizaremos los vínculos, igualmente posmodernos, entre el arte y la antropología, y el aporte que un enfoque abolicionista de las jerarquías puede generar al interior de ambas disciplinas.
Expediente
Authors: Ciências  Sociais Caderno Eletrônico de
Published: March 2017

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ERRATA ao artigo “Um antropólogo debaixo d’água: Paisagens Sonoras Imersivas, Ciborgues Submarinos e Etnografia Transdutora”
Authors: Ciências  Sociais Cadecs - Caderno Eletrônico de
Published: March 2017

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Um plano educacional para um novo tempo: Anísio Teixeira e as escolas classe/escola parque de Brasília
Authors: Souza Edilson De
Published: March 2017

O artigo propõe-se a refletir sobre o programa educacional que se materializou nas Escolas Classe/Escola Parque de Brasília na década de 1960, mediante o Plano de Construções Escolares de Brasília, formulado por Anísio Teixeira, apoiado na produção acadêmica do grupo "Educação Básica Pública do Distrito Federal: Origens de um Projeto Inovador (1956-1964)”, que tem em seu acervo a memória dos pioneiros da experiência das Escolas Classe/Escola Parque no Distrito Federal. Nesse sentido, são também consideradas as determinações e os investimentos pessoais e profissionais de Anísio Teixeira, intelectual que assumiu a dimensão prática na produção de ideias, considerando a relação dessas ideias com o mundo. Anísio Teixeira procurou fazer que a criação de Brasília conjecturasse também a execução de um projeto pedagógico que pudesse acompanhar o crescimento de uma nova cidade, necessitando de uma reconfiguração socioeconômica, política e cultural que, para obter êxito, devia ser implantada em um local onde a pólis e seu sistema de ensino estivessem iniciando. Ao recuperar essa discussão, desvelamos os debates relacionados à concepção de educação integral, analisando o projeto educacional de nação a partir da escola pública em seu caráter republicano, visando contribuir, junto às demais pesquisas já realizadas, com a temática da educação integral.
A diluição das fronteiras disciplinares no Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Educacionais: um diálogo entre educação e ciências sociais nos anos 1950 e 1960
Authors: Gouvêa Fernando
Published: March 2017

O artigo objetiva a análise das interlocuções ocorridas entre historiadores, educadores, antropólogos e sociólogos no âmbito do Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Educacionais (CBPE) durante os anos de 1955 a 1964. O CBPE possuiu duas divisões que possibilitaram este espaço de diálogo: a Divisão de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais e a Divisão de Estudos e Pesquisas Sociais. Torna-se central o estudo das publicações resultantes das pesquisas multidisciplinares realizadas pela instituição, haja vista serem fruto dos debates e embates que possibilitaram de maneira inédita a diluição de fronteiras entre educadores, historiadores e demais intelectuais do campo das Ciências Humanas e Sociais.
Um olhar sobre a política educacional fluminense: tensões, contradições, refundamentos e fazimentos
Authors: Matos Sheila Cristina Monteiro
Published: March 2017

Os estudos que congregam apontamentos sobre a política educacional fluminense no período da redemo-cratização do país sinalizam novas posturas de pensar e fazer a educação no Rio de Janeiro. Tal política educacional foi construída por meio de tensões e contradições que remontam às duas décadas que antecedem tal período de 1980. Assim, o estudo desvela um caminho de lutas travadas entre interesses de classe na busca hegemônica do poder. Em razão de um projeto de uma escola democrática, os CIEPs foram alvos de críticas, cujas disputas de interesse geraram o desmonte do projeto. Nesse contexto, este artigo, de perspectiva qualitativa e com metodologia dialética histórica, busca desvelar como a história fluminense trata desses fazimentos, vislumbrados para a classe popular.
Itinerários de discentes considerados de classes populares: ingresso na universidade em contexto de ações afirmativas
Authors: Mongim Andrea Bayerl
Published: March 2017

Considerando o contexto de implementação de políticas de Ações Afirmativas para o ingresso no ensino superior, neste estudo, por meio de entrevistas de relatos de vida, analiso itinerários sociais de estudantes oriundos de famílias consideradas de classes populares e ingressantes em curso superior mediante programa de bolsas ou de reserva de cotas. Muitos autores, no Brasil, já produziram pesquisas relativas ao acesso a este nível de ensino por estudantes de classes populares. No entanto, o fizeram, na maior parte dos casos, em contexto anterior ao deste estudo. Demonstraram, sobretudo, a importância das configurações familiares para os itinerários considerados por eles de "longevidade" ou "sucesso escolar". Sem desconsiderar os significados das experiências construídas nas redes de relações circunscritas às famílias, neste estudo busco ampliar o debate, demonstrando que embora a escolarização seja concebida pelos familiares desses estudantes como prioritária, o projeto de ingresso no curso superior é construído de forma não naturalizada, efetivando-se, na maior parte dos casos, no processo de socialização secundária, através da interação com agentes mediadores, posicionados em quadros institucionais que ultrapassam os limites das redes de relações da família nuclear. A interação com agentes de mediação do Prouni, dos programas de reserva de vagas e dos cursos do tipo Pré-vestibular para Negros e Carentes apresenta-se como fundamental à objetivação do projeto de ingresso em curso de nível superior.
Democracia no Brasil: a incidência da confiança institucional sobre a participação política dos brasileiros
Authors: Vasconcelos Camila De , Viscarra Simone Pilleti
Published: March 2017

Pesquisas recentes indicam que a redemocratização brasileira, instaurada em 1989, pode ser classificada como uma democracia de caráter institucional representativa bem consolidada. Todavia, essa dimensão não é acompanhada por uma democracia social, uma vez que vários aspectos relacionados à qualidade de vida das pessoas não foram atendidos. Considerando esse panorama busca-se problematizar a qualidade da democracia instaurada no país e como essa tem sido influenciada pelo afastamento das pessoas da esfera política. Indícios dessa situação de insatisfação e descrença são vistos nos baixos índices de participação política e de credibilidade nas instituições democráticas por parte das pessoas. Dessa forma, tornando pesquisas de opinião pública sobre cultura política um instrumento essencial de análise para que se avance no debate entorno do processo de democratização no Brasil. Objetiva-se aqui identificar se a desconfiança da população brasileira sobre as instituições políticas fomenta uma não participação política dos mesmos. Para isso, serão analisadas duas dimensões de participação: a) convencional (participação em eleições e partidos); e b) não-convencional (passeatas, boicotes, abaixo-assinados). Para alcançar os objetivos propostos neste artigo os dados provenientes da pesquisa realizada pelo World Value Survey em 2005 foram analisados com a técnica quantitativa análise de trajetória (path analysis).
Orquídeas versus Tartarugas Marinhas: tentando narrar simultaneamente conflitos aparentes e ocultos
Authors: Torres Clara Crizio de Araujo , Creado Eliana Santos Junqueira , Carvalho Jerônimo Amaral de
Published: March 2017

O presente artigo constitui um relato e uma análise de Audiência Pública ocorrida no município de Linhares (ES), na Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB), ao dia 29 de setembro de 2014, cujo tema em questão era a ampliação e a modificação de uma ARIE (Área de Relevante Interesse Ecológico), localizada na vila do Degredo. A análise focará performances e ações individuais (humanas) surgidas nas falas coletivas ao longo do episódio do evento, mais especificamente, as ações de agentes relacionados à conservação ambiental e agentes cuja atuação basear-se-ia em conhecimentos tecnocientíficos. Será abordado o movimento de agências não-humanas circunscritas nos conflitos desenrolados ao longo do evento e, para além dele, explicando a conjuntura que conformou o antagonismo dos que estavam presentes na audiência: de um lado, os agentes preocupados com a defesa dos interesses ambientais, dentre os quais a conservação de tartarugas marinhas (sobretudo as tartarugas de couro ou gigantes - Dermochelys coriacea), contrários à supressão de área ao sul da ARIE, e, de outro lado, os que argumentavam que a maior justificativa para a alteração era a proteção de orquídeas (Cattleya Guttata Lindl.). No pano de fundo do debate, estava, no entanto, a construção de um porto, cuja presença foi obliterada pelos defensores da modificação da ARIE do Degredo, e trazida à tona na fala de seus oponentes.
On female body experience: “Throwing like a girl” and other essays, by Iris Marion Young
Authors: Binik Ariella
Published: March 2017

Iris Marion Young, On female body experience: “Throwing like a girl” and other essays, New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, reviewed by Ariella Binik
Behind the silence: Chinese voices on abortion, by Nie Jing-Bao
Authors: Xianduan Shi , Battin Margaret P.
Published: March 2017

Nie Jing-Bao, Behind the silence: Chinese voices on abortion, Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005, reviewed by Shi Xianduan and Margaret P. Battin
The critical turn in feminist bioethics: The case of heart transplantation
Authors: Shildrick Margrit
Published: March 2017

Given previously successful interventions that already have shaken up the convention, it is puzzling that the feminist critique of bioethics should be slow to embrace the exciting new developments that have emerged in philosophy and critical cultural studies over the last fifteen years or so. Both in the arenas of poststructuralism and postmodernism and in the powerful revival of phenomenological thought, in which the stress on embodiment is highly appropriate to bioethics, there is much that might augment the adequacy of our approach. Many of these resources have been developed productively by feminist thinkers to reflect not simply the differential lived experience of women, but also to mobilize a specifically feminist slant to theory itself. The encouragement to read Derrida, Lacan, Merleau-Ponty, or Deleuze results not in a turn back to the masculinist masters, but to a fuller appreciation of just how distinctive a feminist reworking can be. The most exciting feminist theorists are less concerned with an “authentic” representation of an existing oeuvre than in showing how it can be extended, distorted if necessary, and applied to areas far beyond its originally intended scope. In turning to the problem of heart transplantation, I hope to demonstrate such a move at work in a specific material context.
La construcción de la bioética, edited by Ruy Perez Tamayo, Rubén Lisker, and Ricardo Tapia
Authors: Salles Arleen L. F.
Published: March 2017

Ruy Perez Tamayo, Rubén Lisker, and Ricardo Tapia, La Construcción de la Bioética, Mexico: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2007, reviewed by Arleen L. F. Salles
Theorizing feminisms: A reader, edited by Elizabeth Hackett and Sally Haslanger
Authors: Buccafurni Diana
Published: March 2017

Elizabeth Hackett and Sally Haslanger, Theorizing feminisms: A reader, New York: Oxford University Press, 2006, reviewed by Diana Buccafurni
When is sex-specific research appropriate?
Authors: Rogers Wendy , Ballantyne Angela
Published: March 2017

Inclusion in research is a question of both scientific validity of research results and just distribution of the benefits of medical research within a community. Therefore, inappropriate exclusions from research can be regulated as a matter of science or a matter of ethics. In this paper we examine the definitions of appropriate/ fair inclusion in the Australian and U.S. regulatory systems and discuss the processes for interpreting and implementing these normative standards. In the second part of the paper, we present original results from the first study of sex-specific research in Australia. One hundred and thirteen published papers were examined: 35 percent were classified as inappropriate sex-specific research, where exclusion was not biologically necessary, and/or there was no justification for the exclusion of one sex. Our results indicate that a scientific approach to inclusion, rather than one grounded in ethical review, is likely to be more effective in achieving appropriate sex-specific research. In the absence of effective regulation, we will continue to see research that discriminates unfairly and perpetuates gender stereotyping.
Regulatory options for gender equity in health research
Authors: Bennett Belinda , Karpin Isabel
Published: March 2017

It is clear that where a disease affects men and women differently, research on potential therapies or cures should include both men and women and should examine whether the therapy is effective and safe for both sexes. In this paper we consider whether there is an appropriate role for law in regulating to ensure an examination of these sex- and gender-specific aspects in health research. We consider the relative advantages and disadvantages of pursuing a regulatory approach to achieving gender equity in the field of women’s health by exploring first, the meaning of gender equity, and second, the regulatory mechanisms that might be best suited to promoting the goal of gender equity. Within our examination of different regulatory forms and mechanisms, we also interrogate the shift from gender-neutral provisions relating to sex in favor of generalized notions of fairness that remove any specific consideration of sex.
Monterrey, C-section capital of Mexico: Examining the ethical dimensions
Authors: Sañudo Martha , Melo-Martín Inmaculada de
Published: March 2017

Cesarean sections are one of the most commonly performed surgical operations worldwide. Though evidence suggests that non-medically indicated cesarean sections raise the health risks for mothers and their babies and result in increased costs of health care compared with vaginal deliveries, reports are common that the frequency of performance of this surgical procedure is far above WHO recommendations. Of special concern has been the current increase of cesarean delivery rates in some Latin American countries. Here we focus on Monterrey, Mexico, a city that has one of the highest rates of cesarean deliveries in the world. We explore aspects that relate to the practice of cesarean section that might shed light on determining why Monterrey has become the capital of cesarean sections.
One of us: Conjoined twins and the future of normal, by Alice Domurat Dreger
Authors: Tremain Shelley
Published: March 2017

Alice Domurat Dreger, One of us: Conjoined twins and the future of normal, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004, reviewed by Shelley Tremain
Feminist bioethics in the global scene: The case of Kenya as a developing nation
Authors: Ouko John Otieno
Published: March 2017

Due to globalization, gender, class, and health issues are emerging that require the attention of feminist bioethicists globally. In this paper, I argue that although the basic questions that Western feminist bioethicists address, as well as their work in general, are relevant to health care issues in developing countries like Kenya, they must heighten their focus on unjust global policies that adversely impacted on health care provision in Kenya and led to further oppression of women (women who are already oppressed by the structures of the society), especially in terms of health care.
Care for the caregivers? Transnational justice and undocumented non-citizen care workers
Authors: Meghani Zahra , Eckenwiler Lisa
Published: March 2017

In recent years, the flow of undocumented labor from the global South to richer nations has increased considerably. Many undocumented women workers find employment as caregivers for the dependent elderly, whose numbers are burgeoning in affluent countries. Here we present a profile of undocumented non-citizen caregivers in the United States and delineate some of the key injustices they suffer. After identifying the causal factors responsible for the flow of undocumented labor from the global South to richer nations like the United States, we discuss the criteria that a theory of transnational justice must meet if it is to address the problem of justice for this population. We argue that Iris Young’s “social connection” model of responsibility is a promising approach for helping to correct the injustices suffered by undocumented, non-citizen caregivers.
Shades of gray: From caring to uncaring labor
Authors: Lanoix Monique
Published: March 2017

This paper examines the environment in which waged caregiving takes place. Because the activities of care have been predominantly performed by women in the home, a caring attitude is taken to be inherent to the persons who perform this labor. My analysis endeavors to clarify this misconception. Drawing on studies of paid caregivers who assist elderly individuals accomplish the tasks of self-care, I discuss how these workers face at least three layers of uncertainty. Paid caregiving takes place on a fragile moral terrain, and I argue that the prevalent structure of paid care labor cannot acknowledge this, nor can it support caring within care labor. I use Claudia Card’s concept of gray areas to highlight the manner in which the structure of care labor inhibits the care worker from easily negotiating the moral terrain of caregiving.
Long-term care for the elderly worldwide: Whose responsibility is it?
Authors: Tong Rosemarie
Published: March 2017

As human longevity increases, with people living well into their seventies and eighties, the need for long-term care for the elderly most certainly will grow. The longer people live, the more likely they fall prey to chronic disease(s), as well as to the standard toll the aging process takes on human bodies and psyches. In this article, I examine some of the concerns that a wide variety of governments, individuals, and families have expressed about meeting the long-term care needs of large numbers of people over sixty-five. I then claim that each of these groups must do its share of long-term care for the elderly, depending on its ability to do so. Finally, I conclude that the more committed a country is to the deconstruction of ingrained notions about who should care (women) and who should work (men) (Belkin 2008), the more able it will be to meet the long-term care needs of the elderly and other vulnerable populations fairly.
“Babies with some animal DNA in them”: A woman’s choice?
Authors: Baylis Françoise
Published: March 2017

In April 2007, as part of its public consultation initiative, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) in the United Kingdom published Hybrids and chimeras: A consultation on the ethical and social implications of creating human/animal embryos in research. This HFEA document identifies a number of possible arguments against the creation of human/animal embryos. One of these arguments concerns the worry that human/animal embryos “might be transferred to a woman to create babies with some animal DNA in them.” Although the HFEA dismisses this slippery slope argument, I argue that this possible future is not as farfetched as one might think. For example, human admixed embryos might be transferred to women in an effort to prevent the transmission of mitochondrial diseases. The ethical acceptability of this possible future practice is examined from different feminist perspectives with a focus on issues of reproductive freedom and social justice.
Women, wellness, and the media, edited by Margaret Wiley
Authors: La Barbera Chris , Meade Melissa
Published: March 2017

Margaret Wiley, Women, Wellness, and the Media, Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008, reviewed by Chris La Barbera and Melissa Meade
Donation by default? Examining feminist reservations about opt-out organ procurement
Authors: Nelson James Lindemann
Published: March 2017

There is reason to believe that procuring organs from recently dead people who did not explicitly refuse to provide them—here referred to as “opt-out” arrangements—would ease growing shortages, thus extending the lives of many who otherwise would die soon. There is also a simple, apparently powerful argument—the “easy rescue requirement”—for believing that many people have strong moral reason to provide such life-extending support to others, thus bolstering the case for implementing optout systems. Here I consider two broad types of feminist reservations about opt-out arrangements, one concerning the motivating argument, the other concerning ways in which opt-out practices might disproportionately burden women. I conclude that both reservations can be answered sufficiently so as to encourage further feminist reflection on opt-out proposals and easy rescue arguments.
Disability, functional diversity, and trans/feminism
Authors: Almassi Ben
Published: March 2017

I propose that a feminist analysis of contemporary conversations on normalfunctioning and functional-diversity approaches to understanding disability can locate in some people’s resistances to disability an attitude compatible with respect for functional diversity. The history of feminist work in collaboration with transgender work offers an evocative model for an approach to disability that enables solidarity with those seeking functional alteration. This approach provides one way to understand how a critical analysis is compatible with respecting bodily functional desires, such that one may seek physical change while working for social change alongside those successfully functioning otherwise.
Disability bioethics: Moral bodies, moral difference, by Jackie Leach Scully
Authors: Tong Rosemarie
Published: March 2017

Jackie Leach Scully, Disability Bioethics: Moral Bodies, Moral difference, Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2008, reviewed by Rosemarie Tong
Hidden labor: Disabled/Nondisabled encounters, agency, and autonomy
Authors: Scully Jackie Leach
Published: March 2017

In this paper I consider one effect that disablism has on social interactions between nondisabled and disabled people: the “hidden labor” carried out by disabled people to manage or manipulate the presentation of their impairment to others, and their own and others’ emotional responses, in order to achieve their goals. Although such management may be understood as actively enhancing the disabled person’s autonomous agency, I argue that the cost of this labor to the disabled person and the fact that it must be hidden from the nondisabled partner in order to be effective, create an ethical problem. Such interactions confer a form of autonomy through a connection that is fundamentally distorted by asymmetries of power, knowledge, risk, and is therefore ethically undesirable.
The death of Esmin Green: Considering ongoing injustice in psychiatric institutions
Authors: Bergstresser Sara M.
Published: March 2017

Esmin Green died in 2008, in the waiting room of Kings County Psychiatric Hospital in Brooklyn, New York, awaiting an involuntary stay. This case drew wide media attention because she died neglected and face-down on the floor, and her death was caught on video by the hospital’s own cameras. I use this case as an example of how feminist bioethics can offer a unique perspective on power imbalances within social, political, and institutional aspects of psychiatry. I also argue that because psychiatry is treated structurally and legally as a “special case,” it merits especially heightened scrutiny and study, particularly within feminist bioethics.
Progress in bioethics: Science, policy, and politics, edited by Jonathan D. Moreno and Sam Berger
Authors: Nelson James Lindemann
Published: March 2017

Jonathan D. Moreno and Sam Berger, Progress in bioethics: Science, policy, and politics, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2010, reviewed by James Lindemann Nelson
Gender differences in depression: Explanations from feminist ethics
Authors: Bluhm Robyn
Published: March 2017

Although depression is among the more common types of mental disorders, it is significantly more common in women than in men. In this article, I draw on feminist analyses of personhood and of autonomy to explain the greater prevalence of depression among women. I argue that such an approach builds on earlier feminist critiques of psychiatry, but provides a more nuanced explanation of how social factors can affect women’s mental health by emphasizing that women with depression are not merely passive victims of oppressive social practices, but rather that these women are actively responding to their environment and interpreting their own experiences.
Is Prozac a feminist drug?
Authors: Hoffman Ginger A. , Hansen Jennifer L.
Published: March 2017

Prozac has been lauded by Peter Kramer for instilling potentially “liberating” personality traits in women such as assertiveness, resilience, and confidence. Witnessing these effects, Kramer declares that there is a sense in which antidepressants like Prozac are “feminist.” In this paper, we scrutinize Kramer’s claim from myriad angles. We evaluate putatively “feminist” uses of antidepressants in both women who are diagnosed with clinical depression and women thought to use them instead for “enhancement” purposes. We conclude that there are, indeed, some ways in which Prozac is feminist, and some ways in which it is decidedly antifeminist.
Affordability of health care: A gender-related problem and a gender-responsive solution
Authors: Saenz Carla
Published: March 2017

Evidence shows that women have greater difficulty than men in affording health care. But what is it to afford health care? According to the reasonable tradeoff account of affordability, individuals can afford health care if paying for it does not require them to make tradeoffs that are not reasonable—that is, if in order to pay for health care they do not have to sacrifice something as important as having one’s health covered. Unlike alternative accounts of affordability, which are empirically based and needs-based, the reasonable tradeoff account can solve the genuine affordability problems that both men and women experience, and close the gender gap in the affordability of health care.
Feminist bioethics: At the center, on the margins, edited by Jackie Leach Scully, Laurel E. Baldwin-Ragaven, and Petya Fitzpatrick
Authors: Bluhm Robyn
Published: March 2017

Jackie Leach Scully, Laurel E. Baldwin-Ragaven, and Petya Fitzpatrick, Feminist Bioethics: At the Center, on the Margins, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010, reviewed by Robyn Bluhm
Anti-racist health care practice, by Elizabeth A. McGibbon and Josephine B. Etowa
Authors: Mackay Kathryn L.
Published: March 2017

Elizabeth A. McGibbon and Josephine B. Etowa, Anti-racist health care practice, Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press, 2009, reviewed by Kathryn L. Mackay
Feminist bioethics meets experimental philosophy: Embracing the qualitative and experiential
Authors: Womack Catherine , Mulvaney-Day Norah
Published: March 2017

Experimental philosophers advocate expansion of philosophical methods to include empirical investigation into the concepts used by ordinary people in reasoning and action. We propose also including methods of qualitative social science, which we argue serve both moral and epistemic goals. Philosophical analytical tools applied to interdisciplinary research designs can provide ways to extract rich contextual information from subjects. We argue that this approach has important implications for bioethics; it provides both epistemic and moral reasons to use the experiences and perspectives of diverse populations to better identify underlying concepts as well as to develop effective interventions within particular communities.
Terri Schiavo and the language of biopolitics
Authors: Hansen Sarah K.
Published: March 2017

This paper argues that competing ethical positions in the Terri Schiavo debate—calls to “err on the side of life” or to “err on the side of liberty”—aim to regulate life and not to defend its sanctity or freedom. Advancing analyses of the “biopolitics” of the case, I show how Terri Schiavo’s status as a speaking-being is an important question for both positions. Informed by feminist concerns about the marginalization and ventriloquization of voices, I argue that bioethicists should “lend an ear” to the voices of Terri Schiavo.