bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary care providers' bereavement care practices: recommendations for research directions
Authors: Ghesquiere Angela R. , Patel Sapana R. , Kaplan Daniel B. , Bruce Martha L.
Published: June 2014

Objective

Bereaved patients are often seen in primary care settings. Although most do not require formal support, physicians may be called upon to provide support to some bereaved, particularly those with bereavement‐related mental health disorders like complicated grief and bereavement‐related depression. Research evidence on physician bereavement care is scant. We make recommendations for future research in this area.

Design

Literature review focuses on studies conducted between 1996 and 2013 in the United States. Searches of Medline and PsychInfo, along with hand searches of reference sections, were conducted.

Results

The limited existing research indicates substantial gaps in the research literature, especially in the areas of primary care physician skill and capacity, patient‐level outcomes, and the quality of research methodology. No US studies have focused specifically on care for bereavement‐related mental health disorders. We provide recommendations about how to improve research about primary care bereavement care.

Conclusions

The primary care sector offers ample opportunities for research on bereavement care. With greater research efforts, there may be improvements to quality of bereavement care in primary care, in general, and also to the accurate detection and appropriate referral for bereavement‐related mental health conditions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transformation of RN=CHPh to R(R′3Si)NCH2Ph in the Catalytic Desulfurization of Secondary Thioamide with R′3SiH Promoted by an Iron Complex
Authors: Fukumoto Kozo , Sakai Akane , Murai Toshiaki , Nakazawa Hiroshi
Published: June 2014

The reaction of imine (RN=CHPh) with hydrosilane (R′3SiH) in the presence of CpFe(CO)2Me (1) revealed the formation of a hydrosilylation product (R(R′3Si)NCH2Ph). The findings helped us to understand the reaction mechanism of desulfurization of secondary thioamide catalyzed by 1 to give the corresponding imine and amine as a major and minor product, respectively.
Conceptual and numerical models for groundwater flow in an arid inland river basin
Authors: Yao Yingying , Zheng Chunmiao , Liu Jie , Cao Guoliang , Xiao Honglang , Li Haitao , Li Wenpeng
Published: June 2014

The Heihe River Basin (HRB) is an inland watershed in northwest China with a total area of approximately 130,000 km2, stretching from the Qilian Mountains in the south to the oases and agricultural fields in the middle and further to the Gobi desert in the north bordering Mongolia. As part of a major ecohydrological research initiative to provide a stronger scientific underpinning for sustainable water management in arid ecosystems, a regional‐scale integrated ecological and hydrological model is being developed, incorporating the knowledge based on the results of environmental isotope tracer analysis and the multiscale observation datasets. The first step in the model development effort is to construct and calibrate a groundwater flow model for the middle and lower HRB where the oases and vegetation along the Heihe river corridor are highly dependent on groundwater. In this study, the software tool ‘Arc Hydro Groundwater’ is used to build and visualize a hydrogeological data model for the HRB that links all relevant spatiotemporal hydrogeological data in a unified geodatabase within the ArcGIS environment. From the conceptual model, a regional‐scale groundwater flow model has been developed using MODFLOW‐2005. Critical considerations in developing the flow model include the representation of mountainous terrains and fluvial valleys by individual model layers, treatment of aquifer heterogeneities across multiple scales and selection of proper observation data and boundary conditions for model calibration. This paper discusses these issues in the context of the Heihe River Basin, but the results and insights from this study will have important implications for other large, regional groundwater modelling studies, especially in arid and semiarid inland river basins. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigating Individual Differences in Toddler Search with Mixture Models
Authors: Berthier Neil E. , Boucher Kelsea , Weisner Nina
Published: June 2014

Children's performance on cognitive tasks is often described in categorical terms in that a child is described as either passing or failing a test, or knowing or not knowing some concept. We used binomial mixture models to determine whether individual children could be classified as passing or failing two search tasks, the DeLoache model room task and the Berthier et al. door task. The data support categorical classification of the children and suggest that the increase in average proportion correct with age is the result of an increasing proportion of children who can solve the tasks. Performance on the two tasks was concordant, and improving performance could be due to advances in a single psychological ability, such as cognitive control. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Absence of cytomegalovirus in high‐coverage DNA sequencing of human glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Tang Ka‐Wei , Hellstrand Kristoffer , Larsson Erik
Published: June 2014

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been proposed to be associated with glioblastoma multiforme, but there are conflicting results including lack of CMV mRNA in transcriptome sequencing data. Here, we utilized deep‐coverage whole‐genome sequencing data to detect latent CMV DNA in surgically resected tumors and to assess the relative proportions of viral and human DNA. We did not find traces of CMV in 52.6 billion DNA sequencing reads from 34 glioblastomas. By statistical analysis, we conclude that should the virus be present in these tumors, the average CMV level does not exceed one virus per 240,000 tumor cells (99% CI).
Using Large Data Sets to Study College Education Trajectories
Authors: Oseguera Leticia , Hwang Jihee
Published: June 2014

This chapter presents various considerations researchers undertook to conduct a quantitative study on low‐income students using a national data set. Specifically, it describes how a critical quantitative scholar approaches guiding frameworks, variable operationalization, analytic techniques, and result interpretation. Results inform how policymakers and school administrators can focus their efforts to improve the academic preparation and college enrollment of low‐income students.
Function of Latent TGFβ Binding Protein 4 and Fibulin 5 in Elastogenesis and Lung Development
Authors: Dabovic Branka , Robertson Ian B. , Zilberberg Lior , Vassallo Melinda , Davis Elaine C. , Rifkin Daniel B.
Published: June 2014

Mice deficient in Latent TGFβ Binding Protein 4 (Ltbp4) display a defect in lung septation and elastogenesis. The lung septation defect is normalized by genetically decreasing TGFβ2 levels. However, the elastic fiber assembly is not improved in Tgfb2‐/‐;Ltbp4S‐/‐ compared to Ltbp4S‐/‐ lungs. We found that decreased levels of TGFβ1 or TGFβ3 did not improve lung septation indicating that the TGFβ isoform elevated in Ltbp4S‐/‐ lungs is TGFβ2. Expression of a form of Ltbp4 that could not bind latent TGFβ did not affect lung phenotype indicating that normal lung development does not require the formation of LTBP4‐latent TGFβ complexes. Therefore, the change in TGFβ level in the lungs is not directly related to Ltbp4 deficiency but probably is a consequence of changes in the extracellular matrix. Interestingly, combination of the Ltbp4S‐/‐ mutation with a fibulin‐5 null mutant in Fbln5‐/‐;Ltbp4S‐/‐ mice improves the lung septation compared to Ltbp4S‐/‐ lungs. Large globular elastin aggregates characteristic for Ltbp4S‐/‐ lungs do not form in Fbln5‐/‐;Ltbp4S‐/‐ lungs and EM studies showed that elastic fibers in Fbln5‐/‐;Ltbp4S‐/‐ lungs resemble those found in Fbln5‐/‐ mice. These results are consistent with a role for TGFβ2 in lung septation and for Ltbp4 in regulating fibulin‐5 dependent elastic fiber assembly. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 226–236, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Contribution of Sp1 to Telomerase Expression and Activity in Skin Keratinocytes Cultured With a Feeder Layer
Authors: Bisson Francis , Paquet Claudie , Bourget Jean‐Michel , Zaniolo Karine , Rochette Patrick J. , Landreville Solange , Damour Odile , Boudreau François , Auger François A. , Guérin Sylvain L. , Germain Lucie
Published: June 2014

The growth of primary keratinocytes is improved by culturing them with a feeder layer. The aim of this study was to assess whether the feeder layer increases the lifespan of cultured epithelial cells by maintaining or improving telomerase activity and expression. The addition of an irradiated fibroblast feeder layer of either human or mouse origin (i3T3) helped maintain telomerase activity as well as expression of the transcription factor Sp1 in cultured keratinocytes. In contrast, senescence occurred earlier, together with a reduction of Sp1 expression and telomerase activity, in keratinocytes cultured without a feeder layer. Telomerase activity was consistently higher in keratinocytes grown on the three different feeder layers tested relative to cells grown without them. Suppression of Sp1 expression by RNA inhibition (RNAi) reduced both telomerase expression and activity in keratinocytes and also abolished their long‐term growth capacity suggesting that Sp1 is a key regulator of both telomerase gene expression and cell cycle progression of primary cultured human skin keratinocytes. The results of the present study therefore suggest that the beneficial influence of the feeder layer relies on its ability to preserve telomerase activity in cultured human keratinocytes through the maintenance of stable levels of Sp1 expression. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 308–317, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Glycated Collagen Induces α11 Integrin Expression Through TGF‐β2 and Smad3
Authors: Talior‐Volodarsky Ilana , Arora Pamma D. , Wang Yongqiang , Zeltz Cédric , Connelly Kim A. , Gullberg Donald , McCulloch Christopher A.
Published: June 2014

The adhesion of cardiac fibroblasts to the glycated collagen interstitium in diabetics is associated with de novo expression of the α11 integrin, myofibroblast formation and cardiac fibrosis. We examined how methylglyoxal‐glycated collagen regulates α11 integrin expression. In cardiac fibroblasts plated on glycated collagen but not glycated fibronectin, there was markedly increased α11 integrin and α‐smooth muscle actin expression. Compared with native collagen, binding of purified α11β1 integrin to glycated collagen was reduced by >fourfold, which was consistent with reduced fibroblast attachment to glycated collagen. Glycated collagen strongly enhanced the expression of TGF‐β2 but not TGF‐β1 or TGF‐β3. The increased expression of TGF‐β2 was inhibited by triple helical collagen peptides that mimic the α11β1 integrin binding site on type I collagen. In cardiac fibroblasts transfected with α11 integrin luciferase promoter constructs, glycated collagen activated the α11 integrin promoter. Analysis of α11 integrin promoter truncation mutants showed a novel Smad2/3 binding site located between −809 and −1300 nt that was required for promoter activation. We conclude that glycated collagen in the cardiac interstitium triggers an autocrine TGF‐β2 signaling pathway that stimulates α11 integrin expression through Smad2/3 binding elements in the α11 integrin promoter, which is important for myofibroblast formation and fibrosis. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 327–336, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of Cardiac Anoctamin1 Ca2+‐Activated Chloride Channels and Functional Role in Ischemia‐Induced Arrhythmias
Authors: Ye Zhen , Wu Ming‐Ming , Wang Chun‐Yu , Li Yan‐Chao , Yu Chang‐Jiang , Gong Yuan‐Feng , Zhang Jun , Wang Qiu‐Shi , Song Bin‐Lin , Yu Kuai , Hartzell H. Criss , Duan Dayue Darrel , Zhao Dan , Zhang Zhi‐Ren
Published: June 2014

Anoctamin1 (ANO1) encodes a Ca2+‐activated chloride (Cl−) channel (CaCC) in variety tissues of many species. Whether ANO1 expresses and functions as a CaCC in cardiomyocytes remain unknown. The objective of this study is to characterize the molecular and functional expression of ANO1 in cardiac myocytes and the role of ANO1‐encoded CaCCs in ischemia‐induced arrhythmias in the heart. Quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR, immunofluorescence staining assays, and immunohistochemistry identified the molecular expression, location, and distribution of ANO1 in mouse ventricular myocytes (mVMs). Patch‐clamp recordings combined with pharmacological analyses found that ANO1 was responsible for a Ca2+‐activated Cl− current (ICl.Ca) in cardiomyocytes. Myocardial ischemia led to a significant increase in the current density of ICl.Ca, which was inhibited by a specific ANO1 inhibitor, T16Ainh‐A01, and an antibody targeting at the pore area of ANO1. Moreover, cardiomyocytes isolated from mice with ischemia‐induced arrhythmias had an accelerated early phase 1 repolarization of action potentials (APs) and a deeper “spike and dome” compared to control cardiomyocytes from non‐ischemia mice. Application of the antibody targeting at ANO1 pore prevented the ischemia‐induced early phase 1 repolarization acceleration and caused a much shallower “spike and dome”. We conclude that ANO1 encodes CaCC and plays a significant role in the phase 1 repolarization of APs in mVMs. The ischemia‐induced increase in ANO1 expression may be responsible for the increased density of ICl.Ca in the ischemic heart and may contribute, at least in part, to ischemia‐induced arrhythmias. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 337–346, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhanced bioremediation of oily sludge using co‐culture of specific bacterial and yeast strains
Authors: He Yong‐Ming , Duan Xin‐Guo , Liu Yi‐Sheng
Published: June 2014

BACKGROUND

Considerable volumes of petrochemical oily sludge can be generated from oil production and processing activities. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) contained in oily sludge are detrimental to human health and the environment. Thus, oily sludge is classified as a priority environmental pollutant by the US Environmental Protection Agency and it must be treated properly before discharge into the environment.

RESULTS

In this study, a functional microbial consortium consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Candida tropicalis and Rhodotorula dairenensis, isolated from petroleum‐contaminated soil, was applied for bioremediation of petrochemical oily sludge in a shake flask and oily sludge microcosm study. These strains utilized the oily sludge as sole source of carbon and energy. The oily sludge contained 21.5% (w/w, dry weight basis) of total petrol hydrocarbons (TPH). Results showed that the microbial consortium exhibited an excellent oily sludge degradation capacity, reducing 92.5% of aliphatics, 79.3% of aromatics, 48.6% of NSO‐containing compounds, 31.8% of asphaltenes and 80.6% of TPH, by the end of the 1‐year microcosm experiment. In contrast, biodegradation rates of these fractions were 83.3%, 17.5%, 8.4%, 4.7% and 56.1%, respectively, in the non‐inoculated treatment. These strains survived well and adapted to the oil sludge environment throughout the incubation period. Dehydrogenase and polyphenoloxidase activity of the oily sludge was remarkably promoted by inoculation of the microbial consortium.

CONCLUSION

The results indicated that the microbial consortium has the potential to be used in bioremediation of petrochemical oily sludge polluted environments. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Are Women Naturally Devoted Mothers?: Fabre, Perrier, and Giard on Maternal Instinct in France Under the Third Republic
Authors: Thomas Marion
Published: June 2014

This paper examines some of the debates over maternal instinct in France under the Third Republic. It focuses on the work of three naturalists (Fabre, Perrier, and Giard) and shows how these scientists shaped, reinforced, or challenged feminine identities as well as a number of sexual social conventions making constant reference to the natural as their authority. This paper highlights these scientists’ views on womanhood and maternity and their stances on contemporary feminist discourses as well as seeking to establish the extent to which these views and stances influenced their scientific discourses and practices. It also aims to demonstrate the interpenetration of science and policy, not only in terms of the transfer of political concepts into the scientific domain (and back again), but also as a joint construction process, which produced a new political and natural order in nineteenth century France.
A Simple, Convenient, One‐Pot Synthesis of Dihydro‐azolopyrimidines, DFT Calculation, and NMR Determination by Using H‐Ferrierite Zeolite as Catalyst
Authors: Hassaneen H. M. E. , Farghaly T. A.
Published: June 2014

The multicomponent reaction of acetophenone derivatives with heterocyclic amines and benzaldehyde derivatives in water in the presence of H‐ferrierite zeolite for short time 8–15 min afforded new series of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines and pyrimido[1,2‐a]benzimidazole derivatives. The structure of the actual tutomeric product was established on the bases of spectral data [IR, NMR (1H and 13C), and nuclear Overhauser effect] and density functional theory calculations.
Preparation of 2‐Arylethynylselanylacetonitriles from 4‐Aryl‐1,2,3‐selenadiazoles
Authors: O'Connor N. A. , Sachinvala N. D. , Ganjian I.
Published: June 2014

Base decomposition of 4‐(substituted phenyl)‐1,2,3‐selenadiazoles at room temperature resulted in 2‐(substituted phenyl)‐ethynylselenolate anions, which were immediately reacted with bromoacetonitrile to give a series of 2‐(substituted phenyl)ethynylselanylacetonitriles.
Gem quality and archeological green ‘jadeite jade’ versus ‘omphacite jade’
Authors: Coccato Alessia , Karampelas Stefanos , Wörle Marie , van Willigen Samuel , Pétrequin Pierre
Published: June 2014

Raman spectroscopy was used for the characterization of seven gem quality green ‘jade’ samples and three green ‘jade’ samples of archaeological importance. The results were also compared with those acquired by other nondestructive techniques such as classical gemology, energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF), ultraviolet‐visible‐near infrared (UV‐Vis‐NIR) in absorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in absorption and micro‐FTIR in reflectance. Five samples of gem quality and two samples of archaeological interest were found to be ‘jadeite jade’, whereas two samples of gem quality and one sample of archaeological interest were ‘omphacite jade’. Raman spectroscopy is found to be the most efficient method for their characterization. The results were confirmed with EDXRF and micro‐FTIR in reflectance. Data acquired using classical gemology, UV‐Vis‐NIR absorption and FTIR absorption spectroscopy were similar on ‘omphacite jade’ and ‘jadeite jade’. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Histopathological predictors for local recurrence in patients with T3 and T4 rectal cancers without preoperative chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Akagi Yoshito , Hisaka Toru , Mizobe Tomoaki , Kinugasa Tetsushi , Ogata Yutaka , Shirouzu Kazuo
Published: June 2014

Background and Objectives

Identification of suitable predictors of local recurrence (LR) in patients with rectal cancer would be of clinical benefit. The aim of this study was to identify histopathological factors that could predict LR.

Methods

A total of 796 stage II/III patients with pT3 and pT4 rectal cancer who did not undergo preoperative chemoradiation were enrolled. LR was defined as intra‐pelvic recurrence only. Histopathological factors related to LR were investigated.

Results

LR was found in 25 patients (6.1%) with stage II and 54 patients (13.9%) with stage IIIB/IIIC. In patients with stage II, distance of mesorectal extension (DME) >4 mm (P = 0.011) and positive venous invasion (P = 0.035) were independent factors that predicted LR. In patients with stage IIIB/IIIC, circumferential resection margin (CRM) ≤1 mm (P = 0.003) and positive lymphatic invasion (P = 0.006) were independent factors. The cumulative 5‐year LR rate was higher (11.9%) in patients with a combination of DME > 4 mm and/or positive venous invasion for stage II (P < 0.001), and was also higher in patients with a combination of CRM≤1 mm and/or positive lymphatic invasion for stage IIIB and IIIC (22.2%; P < 0.002, and 34.3%; P < 0.006, respectively).

Conclusions

Important histopathological predictors for LR in patients with pT3 and pT4 rectal cancer were different at each stage. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:739–744. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recent insights into the pathophysiology of omental metastases
Authors: Koppe Manuel J. , Nagtegaal Iris D. , de Wilt Johannes H.W. , Ceelen Wim P.
Published: June 2014

Although, useful in inflammatory conditions, the greater omentum represents an important site of metastasis in peritoneal carcinomatosis and is therefore frequently removed as a staging or therapeutic tool. Apart from the milky spots, omental adipose stem cells, and adipocytes have recently been identified to play a role in the preferential homing of tumor cells to the omentum. The extent of omentectomy and whether a routine omentectomy should be done are still known unknowns. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:670–675. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cytoreduction surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in recurrent ovarian cancer improves progression‐free survival, especially in BRCA‐positive patients—A case‐control study
Authors: Safra Tamar , Grisaru Dan , Inbar Moshe , Abu‐Abeid Subhi , Dayan Danit , Matceyevsky Diana , Weizman Anat , Klausner Joseph M.
Published: June 2014

Background

Approximately 70% of women diagnosed with advanced‐stage ovarian cancer experience disease recurrence. Survival data were compared between a group of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (rEOC) patients treated by cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and a matched group of rEOC patients treated by systemic chemotherapy only (without surgery). Treatment outcome in relation to the patients' BRCA status was compared.

Methods

Twenty‐seven rEOC patients treated by cytoreduction and HIPEC were selected from our database and matched (1:3) with 84 rEOC patients treated with chemotherapy only. Progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the two groups were analyzed and compared.

Results

The estimated median PFS was 15 months in the HIPEC group and 6 months in the systemic chemotherapy group (P = 0.001). The median OS following HIPEC treatment has not been reached, since more than 70% of the women were alive at the time of analysis. The 5‐year survival rate was significantly higher in the HIPEC treated patients compared to that of the controls (79% vs. 45%, P = 0.016). BRCA status did not affect PFS.

Conclusions

HIPEC after surgical cytoreduction in patients with rEOC appears beneficial compared to systemic chemotherapy treatment alone. The benefit is even greater in BRCA mutation carriers. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:661–665. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of radio‐collar weight on survival of migratory caribou
Authors: Rasiulis Alexandre L. , Festa‐Bianchet Marco , Couturier Serge , Côté Steeve D.
Published: June 2014

Radio transmitters are widely used in wildlife management; therefore, it is essential to assess any effects that they may have on animal survival. We compared the survival of 269 randomly selected adult migratory caribou (Rangifer tarandus) fitted with either light very high frequency or heavy Argos satellite collars during the same period. Heavy collars reduced annual survival of caribou in a declining population with generally poor body condition by about 18%. Accurate estimates of survival are crucial for management decisions and possible effects of collars should be considered when calculating estimates. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
Coating‐lubricant combination for improving tribo‐system performance
Authors: Minami Ichiro , He Xin , Prakash Braham
Published: June 2014

New tribo‐systems composed of green chemicals have been investigated. Compatibility of friction modifiers with DLC was evaluated by using SRV test machine. A Zn‐free lubricant formulation showed a steady‐state friction coefficient of 0.15 for steel/steel contact. Hydrogenated DLC coating showed similar tribological properties when slid against steel. Interestingly, this lubricant showed low friction coefficient of 0.02 for hydrogen‐free amorphous DLC when slid against steel. A model friction modifier improved the running‐in performance and reduced wear for hydrogen‐free DLC, while it marginally increased steady‐state friction coefficient up to 0.04. The importance of material–lubricant combination and lubrication model has been highlighted. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fast and Green Synthesis of a Smart Glyco‐surface via Aqueous Single Electron Transfer‐Living Radical Polymerization
Authors: Xue Lulu , Lyu Zhonglin , Shi Xiujuan , Tang Zengchao , Chen Gaojian , Chen Hong
Published: June 2014

Facile synthesis of a silicon surface modified by poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐N‐acryloyl glucosamine) [poly(NIPAAm‐co‐AGA)] brushes prepared by surface‐initiated single electron transfer‐living radical polymerization (SET‐LRP) in water is described. The copolymerization exhibits a fast polymerization rate and good controllability. Moreover, copolymers with variable AGA content and comparable thickness are synthesized and the effect of the AGA content on the wettability and thermoresponsive property of the surface are studied. Also, both the non‐specific protein resistance ability and the specific protein adsorption ability of the Si‐poly(NIPAAm‐co‐AGA) surface are investigated and the results indicate that the copolymer‐grafted surface demonstrates enhanced resistance to non‐specific protein adsorption and shows selective recognition of Concanavalin A (Con A). Together, these results prove that aqueous SET‐LRP is promising for facile surface modification.

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Protein Capsules with Cross‐Linked, Semipermeable, and Enzyme‐Degradable Surface Barriers for Controlled Release
Authors: Zhou Jianhua , Hyun Dong Choon , Liu Hang , Wu Hongkai , Xia Younan
Published: June 2014

This paper describes a method for fabricating protein‐based capsules with semipermeable and enzyme‐degradable surface barriers. It involves the use of a simple fluidic device to generate water‐in‐oil emulsion droplets, followed by cross‐linking of proteins at the water–oil interface to generate a semipermeable surface barrier. The capsules can be readily fabricated with uniform and controllable sizes and, more importantly, show selective permeability toward molecules with different molecular weights: small molecules like fluorescein sodium salt can freely diffuse through the surface barrier while macromolecules such as proteins can not. The proteins, however, can be released by digesting the surface barrier with an enzyme such as pepsin. Taken together, the capsules hold great potential for applications in controlled release, in particular, for the delivery of protein drugs.

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Isoenergetic diets differing in their n‐3 fatty acid and polyphenol content reflect different plasma and HDL‐fraction lipidomic profiles in subjects at high cardiovascular risk
Authors: Bondia‐Pons Isabel , Pöhö Päivi , Bozzetto Lutgarda , Vetrani Claudia , Patti Lidia , Aura Anna‐Marja , Annuzzi Giovanni , Hyötyläinen Tuulia , Rivellese Angela Albarosa , Orešič Matej
Published: June 2014

Scope

Dysregulation of lipid homeostasis is related to multiple major healthcare problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of n‐3 fatty acid (FA) and polyphenol rich diets on plasma and HDL fraction lipidomic profiles in subjects at high cardiovascular risk.

Methods and results

Ultra performance LC coupled to quadrupole TOF/MS mass spectrometry global lipidomic profiling was applied to plasma and HDL fraction from an 8 wk randomized intervention with four isoenergetic diets, differing in their natural n‐3 FA and polyphenols content, in 78 subjects with a high BMI, abdominal obesity, and at least one other feature of the metabolic syndrome. Dependency network analysis showed a different pattern of associations between lipidomics, dietary, and clinical variables after the dietary interventions. The most remarkable associations between variables were observed after the diet high in n‐3 FA and polyphenols, as the inverse association between gallic acid intake and LDL cholesterol levels, which was indirectly associated with a HDL cluster exclusively comprised lysophospholipids.

Conclusion

This is the first human randomized controlled trial showing direct and indirect associations with lipid molecular species and clinical variables of interest in the evaluation of the metabolic syndrome after diets naturally rich in polyphenols.
Planar high gain antenna for 42.0 GHz Q‐LINK PAN system
Authors: Hao Zhang‐Cheng , He Muxin , Liu Xiaoming
Published: June 2014

A high gain planar array antenna is reported in this article for recently proposed 42 GHz Q‐LINK PAN wireless communication system. The substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technique is deployed for the antenna array. Three types of power divider are used in the design to achieve a 30‐dB Taylor aperture distribution. Longitudinal slots etched on the broad surface of SIW are studied with an equivalent circuit. A high gain prototype which used 16 × 16 slots is designed with a center operation frequency of 42.5 GHz. For the measurement, a traditional rectangular waveguide to SIW transition is designed to feed the prototype. The low‐cost printed‐circuit‐board technology is used to fabricate the designed prototype, and the antenna is measured in a millimeter‐wave anechoic chamber. The measurement results show that the prototype can be operated from 41.5 to 43.7 GHz with a return loss larger than 10 dB. It has a maxim gain of 27.0 dB at 42.3 GHz. Low sidelobes of 26.3 and 17.3 dB are obtained for 42.5 GHz E‐plane and H‐plane radiation patters, respectively. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2098–2103, 2014
Accurate impedance calculations for transmission lines with adjustable inner conductor
Authors: Safonova Galyna , Vinogradova Elena , Tuchkin Yury
Published: June 2014

The mathematically rigorous solution of the two‐dimensional Laplace equation for the multiple‐body systems is applied for accurate impedance calculations of transmission lines of arbitrary cross‐sections. The developed algorithm allows fast and accurate computations of impedance values for various positions of the inner conductor in the infinitely long transmission line. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2066–2070, 2014
A highly tunable microwave oscillator based on MTJ STO technology
Authors: Chen T. , Dürrenfeld P. , Rodriguez S. , Åkerman J. , Rusu A.
Published: June 2014

This article presents a fully ESD‐protected, highly tunable microwave oscillator based on magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) spin torque oscillator (STO) technology. The oscillator consists of a compact MTJ STO and a 65 nm CMOS wideband amplifier, which amplifies the RF signal of the MTJ STO to a level that can be used to drive a PLL. The (MTJ STO + amplifier IC) pair shows a measured quality factor (Q) of 170 and a wide tunability range from 3 to 7 GHz, which demonstrate its potential to be used as a microwave oscillator in multiband, multistandard radios. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2092–2095, 2014
All‐optical packet buffer system based on controllable‐delay recirculating loop
Authors: Choi Junhyuk , Lee Ghang‐Ho , Kim Taekook , Kim Yeongjun , Park Jinwoo
Published: June 2014

We present an all‐optical packet buffer system that enables variable delay of the incoming packets in the optical domain based on the controllable‐delay recirculating loop. It consists of two optical logic gate stages based on cross gain modulation nonlinear effect of semiconductor optical amplifiers to control the amount of delay. Incoming optical packets were either stored in the recirculating loop or routed to the system output by an optical control signal. The validity of the system has been experimentally verified using the optical bit sequences operating at 1 Gbps. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2058–2061, 2014
Triple band rectangular‐shaped monopole antenna for WLAN/WiMAX/UWB applications
Authors: Parkash Davinder , Khanna Rajesh
Published: June 2014

In this research, a microstrip‐fed triple‐band antenna is presented which is suitable for heterogeneous wireless communication systems. The radiating element of the proposed antenna consists of rectangular‐shaped ring antenna embedded with three vertical rectangular‐shaped strips. The proposed antenna is capable of generating triple widebands with three resonant modes having good impedance matching. Prototype of the proposed antenna has been designed, fabricated and tested on FR4 substrate. The overall size of the antenna is 24.85 × 27.39 × 1.6 mm3 with volumetric size of 1.1 cm3. The parametric studies are being performed to understand the effects of rectangular‐shaped arm lengths L1, L2, and L3 and gap between patch and ground plane and basic T, L, U and rectangular‐shaped ring on proposed antenna. The measured results show good agreement with the simulated results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2113–2117, 2014
A fully integrated dual‐band LNA with switched loads
Authors: García‐Vázquez Hugo , Khemchandani Sunil L. , Ramos‐Valido Dailos , del Pino Javier
Published: June 2014

A fully integrated dual‐band low noise amplifier (LNA) is presented. The proposed circuit combines a wideband input impedance matching with switched resonant circuits' loads at the output. As the tuning mechanism is placed at the output of the LNA and no input reconfiguration is needed, the noise contribution is minimized. Experimental results from a test chip prototype in BiCMOS 0.35‐µm technology are shown that validate the proposed circuit. The designed two‐band amplifier provides a gain of 13 and 11 dB at 1.8 and 2.4 GHz, respectively, with a noise figure of 3.8 and 4.1 dB while drawing 16 mW from a 3.3‐V supply. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2107–2110, 2014
Design of dual notch band UWB printed monopole antenna using electromagnetic‐bandgap structure
Authors: Mandal Tapan , Das Santanu
Published: June 2014

In this letter, a printed hexagonal monopole antenna with dual band rejection is presented. The dual band rejection is achieved by electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures. An equivalent‐circuit model is adopted to investigate the stop band characteristics of the EBG. The detailed parametric study of the antenna is presented and discussed. The input impedance and surface current distributions are used to analyze the effects of these EBG. The prototype and proposed antennas are fabricated and tested. The impedance, radiation characteristics, and gain are presented and discussed. From the measured results, the proposed antenna operates over 3.11–10.6 GHz range, for 2 ≤ VSWR, while the dual band stop function is in the frequency bands of 3.3–3.8 and 5.13–5.88 GHz. The proposed ultrawideband antenna also exhibits constant group delay and linear phase in the pass band. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2195–2199, 2014
Compact wideband LTCC bandpass filter exploiting eighth‐mode SIW loaded with CSRR
Authors: Chengtian Song , Yabo Duan , Xiangjun Zhang , Yanming Zhang , Yong Zhang
Published: June 2014

A compact eighth‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (EMSIW) LTCC filter is proposed, its electrical size is reduced by a complementary split‐ring resonator loaded on the EMSIW. The filter is fabricated on multilayer ceramic, which, make the filter further compact. The filter was fabricated and measured. Results show the filter operating at 12.7 GHz with about 20.4% bandwidth. The measured minimum insertion is 1.3 dB, with an attenuation level of more than 25 dB from 4 to 10.0 GHz. The volume of filter is only 5.0 × 5.0 × 0.6 mm3. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2164–2165, 2014
Wideband microstrip patch antenna using ENZ metamaterials
Authors: Jafargholi Amir , Akbarzadeh Seyed Abbas , Mazaheri Mohamad Hossein
Published: June 2014

In this letter, the use of epsilon‐near‐zero (ENZ) to load a microstrip patch antenna has been investigated. It is known that ENZ material may help improving the transmission through a boundary condition and that the scattering parameters may be completely independent of such boundary properties. This idea has been demonstrated to significantly increase the bandwidth of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna. To realize the ENZ medium, a periodic wire media has been designed, simulated, fabricated and tested. Simulation results show good agreement with measurements. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2080–2084, 2014
Compact filtering power divider with good frequency selectivity and wide stopband based on composite right‐/left‐handed transmission lines
Authors: Ren Xue , Song Kaijun , Hu Bingkun , Chen Qike
Published: June 2014

A novel compact power divider with good frequency response and wide stopband based on composite right‐/left‐handed (CRLH) transmission line is presented in this article. To provide bandpass‐filtering frequency response, the bandpass filtering circuits is applied to this power divider using the CRLH resonators. The bandpass filtering circuit can generate two transmission zeros at the lower and upper stopband and have a wide upper stopband. Besides, the phase shift of the CRLH filter is tuned to be 90° for the sake of replacing the conventional quarter‐wave length branch line in the power divider. Moreover, the capacitive coupling between the input and output of the resonator is used simultaneously to generate three additional transmission zeros beside the passband edges. Then, the frequency selectivity of the power divider is greatly improved. A resistor is placed at the center of the symmetric plane to produce good isolation between the two outputs. A filter‐integrated power divider operating at 3.7 GHz is implemented. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results is observed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2122–2125, 2014
Reconfigurable PIFA/loop antenna for mobile handset applications
Authors: Lee Da‐Ae , Sung Youngje
Published: June 2014

In this article, a reconfigurable antenna that uses a PIN diode is proposed and experimentally investigated. The proposed antenna operates in planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) and loop modes, which are controlled by the on/off operation of a PIN diode inserted into the radiating element. A supplementary stub line generates the additional resonance required to cover the GSM 850/900 bands. Geometrically, the proposed antenna is designed with a folded pattern for reducing its size and occupies an area of 7 × 50 × 4.8 mm3. The antenna operates in the hepta‐band containing GSM850, GSM900, DCS, PCS, UMTS, LTE2300, and LTE2500, with a return loss lower than 6 dB. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2034–2037, 2014
A low power and low in‐band phase noise W‐band frequency synthesizer in 65 nm CMOS
Authors: Yixiao Wang , Le Ye , Congyin Shi , Huailin Liao , Ru Huang , Yangyuan Wang
Published: June 2014

A fully integrated 79 to 87 GHz frequency synthesizer is proposed, which combines a W‐band push–push ×4 frequency multiplier and a K‐band divider‐less phase locked loop (PLL) with sampling phase detector. The circuit is verified in a standard 65 nm CMOS process. The frequency synthesizer consumes 54 mW totally, and the measured phase noise of divide‐by‐2 frequency is −100.1 and −106.2 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz offset, respectively. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2014–2018, 2014
Miniaturized and wideband lumped LTCC branch‐line coupler for dozens of megahertz applications
Authors: Zhou Bo , Sheng Weixing , Zheng Yiyuan
Published: June 2014

A miniaturized and wideband lumped‐element branch‐line coupler is proposed in a 10‐layer low‐temperature co‐fired ceramic (LTCC) substrate for dozens of megahertz applications. The proposed topology not only enables a wide fractional bandwidth of 32.3% with a small number of elements but also makes the required capacitance and inductance lower for element size reduction. The further miniature is achieved using vertically interdigital‐capacitors with eight fingers and spiral inductors with 9.5 turns. The proposed coupler has the smallest reported size of only 0.005 × 0.004 × 0.0004 λg. Measured S11, S21, S31, and S41 are better than −15, −4.6, −3.9, and −13 dB from 52 to 72 MHz, respectively. And inband phase difference between the coupled and direct ports is within 91° ± 1°. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2001–2005, 2014
The design of a LTE/MIMO antenna with high isolation using a decoupling network
Authors: Baek Jisoo , Choi Jaehoon
Published: June 2014

A multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) antenna with high isolation using a decoupling network for long term evolution (LTE) services is proposed. To improve the isolation, a decoupling network consisting of two sections of a transmission line is placed at the center of two radiating elements. The isolation was enhanced by approximately 23 dB comparing to that without a decoupling network. The fabricated MIMO antenna satisfies a 6‐dB return loss requirement and the envelope correlation coefficient is maintained below 0.4 over the LTE band 13 ranging from 746 to 787 MHz. The proposed antenna shows a low specific absorption rate value to meet regulations over the frequency band of interest. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2187–2191, 2014
Broadband RF response of sine wave gratings
Authors: Ostrom Gregory S. , Bowling D. R. , Halterman Klaus
Published: June 2014

We experimentally investigate the reflection and transmission of microwaves through grating structures comprised of sinusoidal corrugations. The gratings were fabricated onto dielectric (FR4) circuit board substrates and etched into both sides of the surrounding copper media, where each side is out of phase by 180°. We considered a variety of grating profiles, where each sine wave in a series had the same amplitude but differing frequency. The microwave response of the fabricated gratings was experimentally measured and numerical simulations were conducted and compared to those collected from the fabricated samples. The measured results suggest that such structures can be used potentially as broadband absorbers and polarization filters. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1982–1984, 2014
Respiratory self‐gating for free‐breathing magnetization transfer MRI of the abdomen
Authors: Li Weiguo , Zhang Zhuoli , Li Kangan , Jin Ning , Zhang Yue , Zhang Tianjing , Miller Frank H. , Larson Andrew C.
Published: June 2014

Purpose

Magnetization transfer (MT) MRI can be effective for the diagnosis of a broad range of fibrotic diseases, including liver fibrosis. However, respiratory motion, a major source of artifacts in thoracic and abdominal MR imaging, can obscure important anatomic structures, making diagnosis difficult. In this study, we explored the potential to combine free‐breathing (FB) respiratory self‐gating (RSG) methods with MT saturation for FB MT ratio (MTR) measurements of abdominal organs.

Methods

A respiratory self‐gated multiple‐gradient recalled echo sequence with MT presaturation (RSG‐MT GRE) was developed and applied in a series of seven normal volunteers. We compared the MTR values of liver, pancreas, kidney, spleen, and posterior paraspinal muscle measured using our RSG‐MT GRE sequence and a conventional MT GRE sequence.

Results

RSG consistently reduced motion artifacts within MT‐weighted images acquired during FB, improved the accuracy of FB MTR measurements, and produced comparable MTRs to breath‐holding MTR measurements.

Conclusion

RSG approaches may offer to improve the utility of MT‐weighted imaging methods for the assessment of fibrotic diseases and tumor desmoplasia in abdominal organs. Magn Reson Med 73:2249–2254, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Changes in α7β1 integrin signaling after eccentric exercise in heat‐shocked rat soleus
Authors: Graham Zachary A. , Touchberry Chad D. , Gupte Anisha A. , Bomhoff Gregory L. , Geiger Paige C. , Gallagher Philip M.
Published: June 2014

Introduction

α7β1 integrin links the extracellular matrix to the focal adhesion (FA) in skeletal muscle and serves as a stabilizing and signal relayer. Heat shock (HS) induces expression of proteins that interact with the FA.

Methods

Male Wistar rats were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: control (CON); eccentric exercise (EE); or EE+HS (HS). Soleus muscle was analyzed at 2 h and 48 h post‐exercise.

Results

The 120‐kDa α7 integrin decreased in the EE and HS groups, and the 70‐kDa peptide decreased in the EE group at 2 h post‐exercise. Total expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and RhoA were decreased in EE and HS at 2 h post‐exercise. Expression of phosphorylated FAK397 decreased in the EE group but not the HS group at 2 h post‐exercise.

Conclusions

Long‐duration EE may cause alterations in the FA in rat soleus muscle through the α7 integrin subunit and FAK. Muscle Nerve 51: 562–568, 2015
On the representation and implicit integration of general isotropic elastoplasticity based on a set of mutually orthogonal unit basis tensors
Authors: Chen Ming‐Xiang , Peng Qi , Huang Junjie
Published: June 2014

A simple and compact representation framework and the corresponding efficient numerical integration algorithm are developed for constitutive equations of isotropic elastoplasticity. Central to this work is the utilization of a set of mutually orthogonal unit tensor bases and the corresponding invariants. The set of bases can be regarded equivalently as a local cylindrical coordinate system in the three‐dimensional coaxial tensor subspace, namely, the principal space. The base tensors are given in the global coordinate system. Similar to the principal space approach, the proposed method reduces the problem dimension from six to three. In contrast to the conventional approach, the transformation procedure between the principal space and the general space is avoided and explicit computation of the principal axes is bypassed. With the proposed technique, the matrices, which need to be inverted during iteration, take a simple form for the great majority of constitutive equations in use. The tangent operator consistent with the proposed algorithm can be decomposed into the direct sum of two linear maps over the coaxial tensor subspace and the subspace orthogonal to it. Consequently, its closed form is derived in an extremely simple manner. Finally, numerical examples demonstrate the high quality performances of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical solution for a parabolic obstacle problem with nonsmooth initial data
Authors: Yang Xiaozhong , Wang Guanghui , Gu Xiangqian
Published: June 2014

This article discusses the finite element approximation of solutions to a variational inequality of a parabolic obstacle problem with a nonsmooth initial data by a piecewise linear finite element discretization in space and an implicit time‐stepping scheme. We show that the error of the approximation in a certain norm is of order by regularization method under some realistic regularity assumptions on the exact solution, where is the time step and h is the mesh parameter of the spatial partition. Numerical examples are presented to confirm our theoretical results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 30: 1740–1754, 2014