bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishment of a novel retinoblastoma (Rb) nude mouse model by intravitreal injection of human Rb Y79 cells – comparison of in vivo analysis versus histological follow up
Authors: Tschulakow Alexander V. , Schraermeyer Ulrich , Rodemann H. Peter , Julien-Schraermeyer Sylvie
Published: October 2016

Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most frequent primary intraocular tumour in children and, if left untreated, can cause death. Preclinical animal models that mimic molecular, genetic, and cellular features of cancers are essential for studying cancer and searching for promising diagnosis and treatment modalities. There are several models described for Rb, but none of them fully meet our requirements. The aim of this study was to create a novel xenograft-nude mouse-model with broad application possibilities, which closely resembles the clinical observations of Rb patients and which could be used to investigate the development and spread of the tumour by using scanning laser ophthalmoscopy/optical coherence tomography (SLO/OCT) as well as histology methods. We injected human retinoblastoma Y79 cells intravitreally in both eyes of immune-deficient nude mice. The incidences of retinoblastoma as well as growth velocity were analysed 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks after cell injection in vivo by SLO/OCT as well as ex vivo by electron microscopy (EM) and hematoxylin/eosin (HE) staining. Moreover, internal organs were histologically screened for potentially occurring metastases. Three weeks post-injection, animals developed a retinoblastoma, and after five weeks tumour growth resulted in swelling of the eyes in individual animals, showing a similar phenotype to that of untreated Rb patients at advanced stages of tumour-development. After 12 weeks, 67.5% of all analysed eyes (29 of 42) contained a retinoblastoma. At early stages of Rb development, the SLO/OCT analysis correlated with the histology results. If the tumours were too large, only histological investigations were feasible. The ultrastructural characteristics of the xenograft-tumours were very similar to those described for patient's tumours. In one mouse, brain metastases were observed. Our retinoblastoma mouse model closely resembles the human disease. SLO/OCT can be used for the detection of Rb at early stages of development and could be used for monitoring the success of future therapies.
Photoperiod induced obesity in the Brandt's vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii): a model of ‘healthy obesity’?
Authors: Liu Xin-Yu , Yang Deng-Bao , Xu Yan-Chao , Gronning Marianne O. L. , Zhang Fang , Wang De-Hua , Speakman John R.
Published: October 2016

Brandt's voles have an annual cycle of body weight and adiposity. These changes can be induced in the laboratory by manipulation of photoperiod. In the present study, male captive-bred Brandt's voles aged 35 days were acclimated to a short day (SD) photoperiod (8L:16D) for 70 days. A subgroup of individuals (n=16) were implanted with transmitters to monitor physical activity and body temperature. They were then randomly allocated into long day (LD=16L:8D) (n=19, 8 with transmitters) and SD (n=18, 8 with transmitters) groups for an additional 70 days. We monitored aspects of energy balance, glucose and insulin tolerance (GTT and ITT), body composition and organ fat content after exposure to the different photoperiods. LD voles increased in weight for 35 days and then re-established stability at a higher level. At the end of the experiment LD-exposed voles had greater white adipose tissue mass than SD voles (P=0.003). During weight gain they did not differ in their food intake or digestive efficiency; however, daily energy expenditure was significantly reduced in the LD compared with SD animals (ANCOVA, P<0.05) and there was a trend to reduced resting metabolic rate RMR (P=0.075). Physical activity levels were unchanged. Despite different levels of fat storage, the GTT and ITT responses of SD and LD voles were not significantly different, and these traits were not correlated to body fatness. Hence, the photoperiod-induced obesity was independent on disruptions to glucose homeostasis, indicating a potential adaptive decoupling of these states in evolutionary time. Fat content in both the liver and muscle showed no significant difference between LD and SD animals. How voles overcome the common negative aspects of fat storage might make them a useful model for understanding the phenomenon of ‘healthy obesity’.
Talin2-mediated traction force drives matrix degradation and cell invasion
Authors: Qi Lei , Jafari Naser , Li Xiang , Chen Zaozao , Li Liqing , Hytönen Vesa P. , Goult Benjamin T. , Zhan Chang-Guo , Huang Cai
Published: October 2016

Talin binds to β-integrin tails to activate integrins, regulating cell migration, invasion and metastasis. There are two talin genes, TLN1 and TLN2, encoding talin1 and talin2, respectively. Talin1 regulates focal adhesion dynamics, cell migration and invasion, whereas the biological function of talin2 is not clear and, indeed, talin2 has been presumed to function redundantly with talin1. Here, we show that talin2 has a much stronger binding to β-integrin tails than talin1. Replacement of talin2 Ser339 with Cys significantly decreased its binding to β1-integrin tails to a level comparable to that of talin1. Talin2 localizes at invadopodia and is indispensable for the generation of traction force and invadopodium-mediated matrix degradation. Ablation of talin2 suppressed traction force generation and invadopodia formation, which were restored by re-expressing talin2 but not talin1. Furthermore, re-expression of wild-type talin2 (but not talin2S339C) in talin2-depleted cells rescued development of traction force and invadopodia. These results suggest that a strong interaction of talin2 with integrins is required to generate traction, which in turn drives invadopodium-mediated matrix degradation, which is key to cancer cell invasion.
Ligand-induced growth and compaction of CD36 nanoclusters enriched in Fyn induces Fyn signaling
Authors: Githaka John Maringa , Vega Anthony R. , Baird Michelle A. , Davidson Michael W. , Jaqaman Khuloud , Touret Nicolas
Published: October 2016

Nanoclustering is an emerging organizational principle for membrane-associated proteins. The functional consequences of nanoclustering for receptor signaling remain largely unknown. Here, we applied quantitative multi-channel high- and super-resolution imaging to analyze the endothelial cell surface receptor CD36, the clustering of which upon binding to multivalent ligands, such as the anti-angiogenic factor thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), is thought to be crucial for signaling. We found that a substantial fraction of unligated CD36 exists in nanoclusters, which not only promote TSP-1 binding but are also enriched with the downstream effector Fyn. Exposure to multivalent ligands (TSP-1 or anti-CD36 IgM) that result in larger and denser CD36 clusters activates Fyn. Conversely, pharmacological perturbations that prevent the enhancement of CD36 clustering by TSP-1 abrogate Fyn activation. In both cases, there is no detectable change in Fyn enrichment at CD36 nanoclusters. These observations reveal a crucial role for the basal organization of a receptor into nanoclusters that are enriched with the signal-transducing downstream effectors of that receptor, such that enhancement of clustering by multivalent ligands is necessary and sufficient to activate the downstream effector without the need for its de novo recruitment.
Macroeconomic policy regime in Poland
Authors: Kazandziska Milka Kazandziska
Published: October 2016

The goal of this paper is to analyse the economic development of Poland using the concept of macroeconomic policy regimes (MPRs). Six elements of a MPR will be identified: foreign economic policy, industrial policy, the financial system, wage policy, monetary policy and fiscal policy. Examining the functionality of the development of these elements applied to Poland is a further aim of this paper. The functionality of the development of the MPR elements will be analysed on the basis of the fulfilment of the objectives, as well as the use of the proposed instruments and strategy assigned to every element of MPR. Due to space limits, we are going to focus on the former in this paper. Taking into consideration that Poland is an emerging and a relatively open economy, foreign economic policy and industrial policy play very significant roles in restructuring of the economy towards production and exports of high value-added products, which would enable the country to follow a growth path consistent with an external balance. The financial needs of the manufacturing sector and particularly of the producers and/or exporters of high-end products need to be satisfied by the financial system, whose stability needs to be secured with the help of monetary policy. The latter is, moreover, in charge of providing low-cost finance and maintaining the stability of the exchange rate. Stabilising the inflation rate would be given to wage policy. Fiscal policy’s main tasks would be to correct aggregate demand shocks and reduce income inequality.
New knowledge generation capabilities and economic performance of Polish regions
Authors: Kondratiuk-Nierodzińska Monika
Published: October 2016

Economic growth is a process of long-term transformation shaped by complex interactions between technology, economy, institutions and social factors. A considerable number of studies have shown that among these factors technological advancement and particularly new knowledge generation capabilities may be one of the most important determinants of economic growth and development. Significant disparities in development levels can be observed between Polish regions. The aim of this paper is to look for the sources of these disparities in regional capacity for new knowledge creation. The research method adopted in this paper is based on statistical analysis of the relationship between variables describing new knowledge generation capabilities and GDP per capita in two periods: 2003–2004 and 2012–2013 in 16 Polish regions. Correlation and regression analysis results show that there is a strong positive relationship between regional differences in new knowledge generation capabilities and variations in GDP per capita. The relationship is very strong when one considers three aspects of these capabilities: R&D employment and R&D expenditures denoting inputs to the new knowledge generation process and patenting activity representing its output. These results may serve as an indication for innovation policy at regional level.
Economic sectors of strategic importance to the national security. A case of Poland
Authors: Lewandowski Remigiusz Lewandowski
Published: October 2016

The purpose of the paper is to properly define the economic sectors of strategic importance to the national security and to evaluate the state’s tools which protect this security. The paper’s methodology is based on two analyses; the former focusing on instruments which are applied by the state in order to control certain fields of the economy, and the latter investigating economic sectors in terms of concentration, impact on the state security and integration with other sectors. The paper also defines the criteria which helped to identify sectors which have strategic importance to the national security, i.e. production and supply of electric energy; extraction and supply of natural gas; extraction, distribution and storage of liquid propellants, telecommunications, banking industry; banknotes and documents’ production (together with related IT solutions) and military industry. The article leads to the conclusion that these sectors are strategically important to the national security. However, there is still a lack of coherent and complete legal regulations that would protect the national security interest related to the part of the economy represented by the analyzed sectors and companies.
Choice overload paradox and public policy design. The case of Swedish pension system
Authors: Czech Sławomir
Published: October 2016

In this paper we focus on an adverse effect of extensive choice widely known as ‘choice overload’. We draw on the case of Swedish funded pensions for illustration and analyze the consequences of the design that allowed for maximizing the choice set. The analysis shows limitations of employing the rational choice approach to the real choice decisions biased with common psychological factors and demonstrates that government’s responsibility for the privatized pension system does not end with the design. We also emphasize the need for a decent default option, which would mitigate socially harmful results of adverse behavior effects like procrastination, status quo bias or abstaining from choice. After all, privatized pension systems still belong to the sphere of public policy.
VIGILÂNCIA EM SAÚDE DO TRABALHADOR: UMA PRÁTICA NECESSÁRIA PELOS ENFERMEIROS NAS UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Da Silva Elmirene Santos , Dos Santos Carmen Liêta Ressurreição , Barbosa Hayana Leal
Published: October 2016

A Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador (VISAT) é estruturante e essencial ao modelo de Atenção Integral em Saúde do Trabalhador, compreende um conjunto de ações e práticas que envolvem a vigilância sobre os agravos relacionados ao trabalho, a intervenção sobre fatores de risco, ambientes e processos de trabalho e a promoção da saúde. Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar o desenvolvimento de ações de VISAT pelos enfermeiros em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) do município de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo. Observou-se que os enfermeiros possuíam conhecimento limitado acerca da VISAT, e que as ações de saúde do trabalhador desenvolvidas por estes profissionais se restringiam as capacitações sobre riscos com materiais biológicos e uso de Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPI), bem como a identificação e notificação de riscos e dos agravos relacionados ao trabalho. Os enfermeiros apresentaram como dificuldades para a realização de ações de Saúde do Trabalhador (ST) ausência de Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) sobre VISAT, sobrecarga de trabalho e falta de articulação entre a UBS e instâncias de referência da VISAT. Entende-se que não bastam portarias que regulem ou estabeleçam ordenamento para essas ações, é preciso que sejam efetivadas na prática.
MESA DE NEGOCIAÇÃO ENTRE GESTORES E TRABALHADORES DO SUS: CASO DE SANTO ANTÔNIO DE JESUS, BAHIA
Authors: Gois Tainá Amorim , Silva Elaine Andrade Leal
Published: October 2016

Mesas de negociações são reuniões onde os trabalhadores e gestores vão debater questões relacionadas às suas relações de trabalho. A instalação desses espaços se faz imprescindível para a construção de processos de negociações e democratização das relações de trabalho. Objetivo: descrever o processo de implantação da mesa de negociação entre gestores e trabalhadores de saúde em Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de caso. Inspirado no modelo do ciclo de política foi identificado o contexto político; os atores; o processo de formação e estabelecimento da mesa de negociação. Resultados: o contexto político era favorável; os atores governamentais e não governamentais foram mapeados e manifestaram aderência à formação da mesa. O desdobramento seguinte foi o compartilhamento da intencionalidade; encontro coletivo com os pares, formação e instalação da mesa de negociação com reuniões mensais e proposições de intervenção distribuídas em dimensões: humana, patrimonial, social. Conclusão: a formação dessa mesa oportunizou reflexões sobre a valorização e qualidade de vida no trabalho em saúde.
INTEGRANDO AS VIGILÂNCIAS EM SAÚDE: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA SOBRE A CONSTRUÇÃO DE SISTEMA DE INFORMAÇÃO DE VIGILÂNCIA EM SAÚDE DO TRABALHADOR
Authors: Cardoso Mariana de Castro Brandão , Ferreira-de-Sousa Flávia Nogueira e
Published: October 2016

A Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador (Visat) passou a ser responsabilidade de todos os munícipios da Bahia após a publicação daResolução CIB nº 249/2014. O objetivo deste artigo édescrever a experiência de integração da Vigilância Sanitária (Visa) e de Visat, na região de saúde de Itaberaba, Bahia, Brasil. Foi realizada uma oficina para capacitação dos técnicos da Visa com momentos presenciais e de dispersão, além de construção e preenchimento de um sistema de informação em Visat. Participaram da oficina 23 técnicos da Visa de nove municípios (64,2%). A primeira etapa presencial abordou a fundamentação teórica da Visat e foi construído, conjuntamente com todos os participantes, um Sistema de Informação para mapeamento dos riscos ocupacionais em ambientes e processos de trabalho, de preenchimento on-line. Posteriormente, foram realizadas ações de dispersão com os profissionais da Visa em seus municípios de atuação, com inspeções em Visat, sob o matriciamento dos profissionais do Cerest Itaberaba e Base Regional de Saúde de Itaberaba (BRS). O primeiro momento presencial foi realizado no segundo semestre do ano de 2015 e contou com a presença de 23 técnicos da Visa de nove municípios, constituindo 64,2% do total de municípios que pertencem à região de saúde de Itaberaba. Foram agendadas nove inspeções e realizadas seis (66,7%) no segundo semestre do ano de 2015. As ações de integração das vigilâncias estão em andamento. As próximas etapas consistem em: conclusão das inspeções durante o momento de dispersão; avaliação do sistema de informação e realização do segundo momento presencial da oficina.
INSTRUMENTOS DE AVALIAÇÃO DA INCAPACIDADE E FUNCIONALIDADE DE TRABALHADORES COM DISTÚRBIOS MUSCULOESQUELÉTICOS RELACIONADOS AO TRABALHO: ANÁLISE DAS PROPOSTAS EXISTENTES
Authors: Magalhães Francesca Brito , Lima Mônica Angelim Gomes , Silva Ana Clarissa Lopes , Porto Lauro Antônio , Costa-Black Katia , Araújo Tânia Maria , Andrade Andrea Garboggini Melo , Carvalho Rita de Cássia Peralta , Neves Robson Fonseca
Published: October 2016

Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura sobre instrumentos de avaliação de incapacidade e funcionalidade de trabalhadores com Distúrbios Musculoesqueléticos (DME) com vista ao retorno ao trabalho em uma perspectiva biopsicossocial. Abrange o período de dez anos, com levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados do Pubmed, Scopus, Psycoinfo, CINAHL, utilizando palavras-chaves relacionadas a protocolos de avaliação de incapacidade e funcionalidade para trabalhadores com DME. Apenas oito artigos abordavam o tema de interesse. Os artigos foram analisados nas dimensões biomédica, psicossocial e relacionada ao trabalho. Foram identificados 23 instrumentos para avaliação de incapacidade. Dentre os instrumentos com itens em mais de uma dimensão, foram encontrados seis que incorporaram as dimensões biomédica e psicossocial, três com itens de todas as dimensões e apenas um instrumento com itens das dimensões psicossocial e relacionada ao trabalho. Essa revisão mostra que são escassos os relatos sobre a existência e uso de instrumentos validados que tratem das dimensões biomédica, psicossocial e relacionada ao trabalho.  Os instrumentos que utilizam uma abordagem compreensiva incluindo entrevista em profundidade e instrumentos validados podem ser um facilitador para o levantamento das demandas biopsicossociais do trabalhador doente.
ACIDENTES DE TRABALHO COM EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM: UMA REVISÃO CRÍTICA
Authors: Teles Andrei Souza , Ferreira Milla Pauline da Silva , Coelho Thereza Christina Bahia , Araújo Tânia Maria de
Published: October 2016

Os acidentes de trabalho representam um grave problema de saúde pública. O estudo objetiva analisar, com base na literatura brasileira, os acidentes entre os trabalhadores de enfermagem no desenvolvimento de suas atividades laborais. Foram identificados 94 artigos, publicados no período de 2001 a 2015, nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo e Medline. Os resultados demonstraram como principal acidente os ferimentos com materiais perfurocortantes envolvendo, principalmente, os técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, sendo o local do corpo mais atingido, as mãos. Os trabalhadores com maior tempo de serviço se acidentaram mais, com predomínio dos acidentes no turno matutino. A pesquisa evidenciou que os fatores predisponentes estavam relacionados, sobretudo, às precárias condições de trabalho e que poucos estudos destacaram a importância da adoção de medidas preventivas. Desse modo, ressalta-se a necessidade de uma maior conscientização por parte desses trabalhadores e do cuidado das instituições à saúde deste importante grupo profissional.
UMA PROPOSTA DE DISPOSITIVO DE VIGILÂNCIA EM SAÚDE DO TRABALHADOR PARA O SERVIÇO PÚBLICO A PARTIR DA ATIVIDADE
Authors: Alamonica Roberta de Oliveira , Oliveira Simone Santos , Machado Jorge Mesquita Huet
Published: October 2016

O artigo discute o uso de um dispositivo combinado de análise do trabalho a partir de uma experiência desenvolvida na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) de um hospital público no Brasil. O referencial teórico-metodológico e as análises basearam-se na abordagem ergológica e no ponto de vista da atividade. Os dados foram coletados por meio de observações, entrevistas, Inquérito Saúde e Trabalho em Serviços (INSATS) e Encontros sobre o Trabalho. Dentre os resultados, observou-se que a formação de uma Comunidade Ampliada de Pesquisa (CAP) – um espaço de encontro e de diálogo, entre o polo dos saberes presentes nas disciplinas científicas e o polo dos saberes da experiência – e o emprego combinado do INSATS e dos Encontros sobre o Trabalho mostraram-se um potencial instrumento de vigilância a ser utilizado pelo serviço público, especialmente, por profissionais que atuam em núcleos de saúde do trabalhador para análise da atividade. Como principais pontos positivos destacam-se sua perspectiva compreensiva, a densidade das informações obtidas, a ampliação da vitalidade dos coletivos de trabalho e dos recursos para ação. Salienta-se que seu uso pode contribuir para subsidiar a constituição de um banco de dados nacional sobre saúde e trabalho para os serviços públicos, sendo necessário realizar novos estudos, com vistas a dar continuidade desse processo de experimentação.
CAPACIDADE PARA O TRABALHO ENTRE TRABALHADORES DA SAÚDE
Authors: Helioterio Margarete Costa , De Souza Eliane Cardoso , Santos Kionna Oliveira Bernardes
Published: October 2016

A capacidade laborativa entre profissionais que trabalham com a saúde de outras pessoas é resultante de exigências físicas e mentais no trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a capacidade para o trabalho entre trabalhadores da saúde Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia. Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal. Foi realizado um censo com 506 trabalhadores da saúde da secretaria municipal de saúde de Santo Antônio de Jesus na Bahia. Foi aplicada uma tradução autorizada do Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT), questionário elaborado pelo Instituto de Saúde Ocupacional da Finlândia. Dos entrevistados, 78,3% eram do sexo feminino, 64,2% tinham idade até 39 anos, 60,8% possuíam de 1 a 4 filhos, 56,0% não possuíam ensino superior e 54,0% eram casadas (os). 1,8% possuíam capacidade baixa para o trabalho, 39,8% moderada, 55,0% boa e 3,5% ótima. A capacidade para o trabalho foi associada significativamente a idade, escolaridade e a tempo na função. O perfil de trabalhadores apresentado descreveu níveis de capacidade para o trabalho satisfatória, com diferencias para escolaridade. Este resultado pode refletir condições de trabalho e fatores de risco vinculados à organização do trabalho em saúde
ASPECTOS PSICOSSOCIAIS DO TRABALHO E TRANSTORNOS MENTAIS COMUNS ENTRE OS AGENTES COMUNITÁRIOS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Góes André Filipe Pinheiro , Pinho Paloma de Sousa
Published: October 2016

As influências do trabalho sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores são conhecidas desde a antiguidade e, ao longo dos séculos, cresceu progressivamente a compreensão das relações entre trabalho e processo saúde-doença. Em se tratando de saúde mental, características presentes no cotidiano do trabalho dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS), os predispõem a fatores de riscos psicossociais, demandando uma dinâmica laboral particularmente estressante, a qual acaba gerando pressões e sobrecargas adicionais potencialmente causadoras de Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC). Nesse sentido, este estudo objetivou avaliar a associação entre os aspectos psicossociais do trabalho e transtornos mentais comuns entre os ACS do município de Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia. Realizou-se um censo amostral em um estudo transversal com 121 ACS da atenção básica. Os aspectos psicossociais foram avaliados através do modelo demanda-controle, enquanto os TMC foram avaliados pelo Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). A prevalência geral de TMC foi de 26,7%. Não foi observada associação positiva entre aspectos psicossociais e TMC proposto pelo modelo demanda-controle de Karasek, contudo o trabalho passivo (28,9%) esteve associado aos TMC. Sugere-se dessa forma, a realização de outros estudos para a complementação dos resultados aqui apresentados levando-se em consideração outros fatores que podem interferir nesse contexto.
Assessment of Pteridophyte Diversity and their Status in Gujarat State, Western India
Authors: Rajput Kishore S , Kachhiyapatel Ronak N , Patel Suresh K , Raole Vinay M
Published: October 2016

An intensive field survey was carried out from the hilly regions, plains of different climatic regimes and agricultural land of Gujarat state. About 23 species were collected from Gujarat state, from which eight species viz., Actiniopteris radiata (Sw.) Link, Adiantum caudatum L., A. incisum Forssk., Lygodium flexuosum (L.) Sw., Pteris vittata L., Selaginella ciliaris (Retz.) Spring, S. delicatula (Desv. ex Poir.) Alston, and S. repanda (Desv. ex Poir.) Spring. were added as new distributional record for the Gujarat state. Increasing anthropogenic pressure, destruction of forest ecosystem and development of infrastructure facilities including road widening and rainwater harvesting program by deepening of the natural ponds are additional reasons for declining terrestrial and aquatic pteridophyte diversity respectively. Our survey concludes that E. debile is regionally extinct in the wild while Isoetes coromandeliana, will be lost from its natural habitat in short time if not conserved properly. Therefore, there is an urgent need of in situ conservation by developing action plans in collaboration with the state forest department.
Bounds for Bateman's G-function and its applications
Authors: Mahmoud Mansour , Agarwal Ravi P.
Published: October 2016

In this paper, we present an asymptotic formula for Bateman’s
G-function

G
⁢

(
x
)

${G(x)}$

and deduce the double inequality

1

2
⁢

x
2

+

3
/
2

<

G
⁢

(
x
)

-

1
x

<

1

2
⁢

x
2

,

x
>
0

.

$\frac{1}{2x^{2}+3/2}<G(x)-\frac{1}{x}<\frac{1}{2x^{2}},\quad x>0.$

We apply this result to find estimates for the error term of
the alternating series

∑

k
=
1

∞

(

-
1

)

k
-
1

k
+
h

$\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\kern-2.0pt\frac{(-1)^{k-1}}{k+h}$

,

h
≠

-
1

,

-
2

,

-
3

,

…

$h\kern-1.0pt\neq\kern-1.0pt-1,\kern-0.5pt-2,\kern-0.5pt-3,\ldots\,$

.
Also, we study the monotonicity of some functions involving the function

G
⁢

(
x
)

${G(x)}$

. Finally, we propose
a sharp double inequality for the function

G
⁢

(
x
)

${G(x)}$

as a conjecture.
Gelatin as an ecofriendly natural polymer for preparing colloidal silver@gold nanobranches
Authors: Thi Phuong Phong Nguyen , Nguyen Dai Hai
Published: October 2016

We report star-shaped silver@gold (Ag@Au) nanoparticles (NPs) in gelatin suspensions for the purpose of enhancing the stability of Ag@Au NPs. In this case, Ag NPs were designed as nucleating agents, whereas gelatin was used as a protecting agent for Au development. Especially, variable gelatin concentrations were also prepared to explore its ability to increase the stability of Ag@Au NPs. The obtained samples were then characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The maximum absorption wavelength of all samples (566–580 nm) indicated that branched Ag@Au@gelatin NPs were successfully synthesized. In addition, our TEM results revealed that the size of branched Ag@Au@gelatin NPs was found to be between 20 and 45 nm as influenced by the component ratio and the pH value. These results can provide valuable insights into the improvement of Ag@Au NP stability in the presence of gelatin.
Crystal structure of 2-((3-(5-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione, C28H19N5O2
Authors: El-Hiti Gamal A. , Abdel-Wahab Bakr F. , Hegazy Amany S. , Alamri Mesfer , Kariuki Benson M.
Published: October 2016

C28H19N5O2, monoclinic, Cc (no. 9), a = 13.9896(9) Å, b = 21.9561(14) Å, c = 7.1643(5) Å, β = 91.782(6)°, V = 2199.5(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0632, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1727, T = 150(2) K.
Crystal structure of 1-(adamantan-1-yl)-3-(3-chlorophenyl)thiourea, C17H21ClN2S
Authors: Al-Omary Fatmah A. M. , Al-Rasheed Lamees S. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , El-Emam Ali A.
Published: October 2016

C17H21ClN2S, orthorhombic, Pca21 (no. 29), a = 25.4796(11) Å, b = 6.7503(3) Å, c = 18.9971(9) Å, V = 3267.4(3) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.045, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.106, T = 293(2).
Crystal structure of 8-isopropyl-8-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate, C19H27NO3
Authors: Wang Kun-Yan , Yang Xiao-Li
Published: October 2016

C19H27NO3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 6.6207(3) Å, b = 9.4712(5) Å, c = 28.0365(14) Å, β = 94.716(2)°, V = 1752.10(15) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.052, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.115, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of dinuclear dichloridobis(dimethylformamide-kO)bis[μ2-3-(2-oxyphenyl)-5-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazol-1ido-κ4-O,N:N′,N′′(2
−
)]diiron(III) − dimethylformamide (1/1), C36H42Cl2Fe2N14O6
Authors: Cao Xin , Sun Jianhua , Li Weihua , Lu Hui
Published: October 2016

C36H42Cl2Fe2N14O6, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.44(4) Å, b = 9.13(3) Å, c = 22.46(7) Å, β = 100.88(4)°, V = 2101(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0599, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1563, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal Structure of 4-(2-chloroacetamido)pyridinium chloride monohydrate, C7H10Cl2N2O2
Authors: Ghorab Mostafa M. , Alsaid Mansour S. , Ghabbour Hazem A.
Published: October 2016

C7H10Cl2N2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.8798(3) Å, b = 13.9285(5) Å, c = 7.3161(3) Å, β = 100.512(3)°, V = 989.88(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0475, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1178, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 2-amino-4-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile, C16H13ClN2O2
Authors: Li Jingwei , Yang Jianxiang , Tao Qianqian , Yue Chenxi , He Jieli
Published: October 2016

C16H13ClN2O2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 13.7576(10) Å, b = 11.0534(5) Å, c = 19.6232(14) Å, β = 107.776(8)°, V = 2841.6(3) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0407, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1105, T = 293(2) K.
Evaluation of low-template DNA profiles using peak heights
Authors: Steele Christopher D. , Greenhalgh Matthew , Balding David J.
Published: October 2016

In recent years statistical models for the analysis of complex (low-template and/or mixed) DNA profiles have moved from using only presence/absence information about allelic peaks in an electropherogram, to quantitative use of peak heights. This is challenging because peak heights are very variable and affected by a number of factors. We present a new peak-height model with important novel features, including over- and double-stutter, and a new approach to dropin. Our model is incorporated in open-source R code likeLTD. We apply it to 108 laboratory-generated crime-scene profiles and demonstrate techniques of model validation that are novel in the field. We use the results to explore the benefits of modeling peak heights, finding that it is not always advantageous, and to assess the merits of pre-extraction replication. We also introduce an approximation that can reduce computational complexity when there are multiple low-level contributors who are not of interest to the investigation, and we present a simple approximate adjustment for linkage between loci, making it possible to accommodate linkage when evaluating complex DNA profiles.
Inline imaging-ellipsometer for printed electronics
Authors: Huemer Florian , Jamalieh Murad , Bammer Ferdinand , Hönig Dirk
Published: October 2016

Printed electronics, e.g. organic photo-voltaic, are usually produced
by roll-to-roll printing. For this fast growing market no
inline-measurement method for 2D-thickness-distributions after
printing exists. In many cases layer-thicknesses are in the
sub-μm-range, e.g. 10–300 nm, and ellipsometry is one typical
technology for this range, but up to now only in the laboratory, since
most ellipsometers are too slow and/or measure only a spot. A new
concept, a stroboscopic imaging ellipsometer, enables fast measurement
on a line, to acquire the 2D-distribution of thickness, right after
printing.
Investigating dynamic measurement applications through modelling and simulation
Authors: Esward Trevor J.
Published: October 2016

Dynamic measurement challenges are ubiquitous in metrology and can be found in many
measurement applications that are not conventionally regarded as dynamic. We present four
recent examples of work at the UK's National Physical Laboratory that demonstrate how
modelling and simulation can contribute to improved understanding of dynamic measurement
tasks. The examples are (i) a software simulation of a lock-in amplifier, (ii) a simulation
of a sensor network in which one of the sensors has insufficient bandwidth for the
measurement task and Kalman filter based data fusion is used to aggregate the sensor
outputs, (iii) a study of performance imperfections in a clock embedded in a wireless sensor
node using a Monte Carlo based method for simulating counting errors, and (iv) a simulation
of wave propagation in a shock tube in which the lattice Boltzmann method was used to study
non-ideal behaviour of the shock tube. It is shown that simulation (both physically based
and phenomenological) is useful in designing measuring systems and identifying and
quantifying measurement uncertainties and that the development of simulation software
requires the developer to have a clear understanding of the measuring system of interest.
In-Line Ultraschall-Messung von Strömungsprofilen wandgleitender Kunststoffe während der Extrusion
Authors: Putz Veronika , Apostol Sylvia , Selvasankar Ramesh K. , Voglhuber-Brunnmaier Thomas , Miethlinger Jürgen , Zagar Bernhard G. , Buchegger Thomas
Published: October 2016

Zur Modellierung des Strömungsverhaltens von Kunststoffschmelzen und zur Auslegung des verwendeten Extrusionswerkzeugs
muss das Strömungsprofil des Polymers unter Prozessbedingungen bekannt sein. Von besonderem Interesse dabei ist, ob
sogenanntes Wandgleiten auftritt oder nicht. Mit Hilfe der Pulsed-Wave Sonografie kann das Strömungsprofil in
transparenten und opaken Flüssigkeiten gemessen werden. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie damit unter Verwendung eines Clamp-In
Waveguides, der in das Extrusionswerkzeug integriert wurde, Strömungsprofile in-line während der Extrusion gemessen werden
können. Messergebnisse, die bei der Extrusion von wandgleitenden Polylactiden (PLA) bei unterschiedlichen
Kanaltiefen erhalten wurden, werden gezeigt.
Setup of a large-scale test field for distributed soil gas sensors and testing of a monitoring method based on tomography
Authors: Neumann Patrick P. , Werner Klaus-Dieter , Petrov Sergej , Bartholmai Matthias , Lazik Detlef
Published: October 2016

A 400 m2 soil test field with gas injection system was built up for the purpose of large-scale validation,
optimization, and characterization of a novel comprehensive monitoring method for underground gas storage areas. The
method combines gas sensing technology with linear form factor for in-situ monitoring of gases in soil with the mapping
capabilities of Computed Tomography (CT) to reconstruct time-series of gas distribution maps based on samples of
orthogonally-aligned linear gas sensors. Several injection experiments with carbon dioxide (CO2) at different
days with varying boundary conditions indicates the potential of the method for, e.g., rapid leakage detection with
respect to Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) issues.
La foi aux prises avec l’ambiguïté postmoderne : Penser avec Paul Tillich la méthode théologique
Authors: Rubens Pedro
Published: October 2016

The article seeks to answer the question about the relevance of an author such as Paul Tillich, man of his time, to today’s theology, faced with the challenges of post-modernity. Witness to an era of change of paradigms, Tillich postulates a method based on the correlation between “situation” and “Christian message” considering his Theology of Culture, that is, an answer to the major issues of his time. To think with Tillich means to seek clues to answer new issues, in view of a correlation between the cultural situation and the Christian message. More than a theoretical discussion about the method, the reflection takes the risk of interpreting faith in an ambiguous religious context, like that of Brazil, leaving open the possibility of a theology as discernment of experience, in any situation that experience takes place.
Le courage de la foi en postmodernité
Authors: Dumas Marc
Published: October 2016

Does the new so-called postmodern context really provide an environment for faith? Furthermore, can Tillich provide any resources in order to reflect on faith in such a context? Following a few remarks on sensitive crucial aspects of the postmodern context, this paper underlines several pertinent Tillichian ideas which are in phase with our times. The faith which is of interest here is a transcendent event at the heart of immanence, an irruption of “God beyond God” at the heart of existence, which gives courage for self-affirmation despite the Nothingness.
Δι᾽ ἑνὸϛ πάντα – Tillich im Wingolf
Authors: Neugebauer Georg
Published: October 2016

In his time as a student, Paul Tillich joined the Wingolf student fraternity. Decades later, he repeatedly and emphatically points out that these years had shaped him personally and intellectually. This paper explores the basis for this retrospective. Here are analyzed the discussions which were held within the individual Wingolf society houses where Tillich was involved. In the Appendix two previously unknown speeches are reproduced which Tillich gave during his time in the Wingolf society.
Über einige vermisste Briefe und Vorträge des jungen Tillich
Authors: Sturm Erdmann
Published: October 2016

In this article some early letters and lecture manuscripts of Paul Tillich are listed which are missing in the archives. Fortunately, Wilhelm and Marion Pauck in their biography and in an article on Tillich had given detailed quotations from the missing manuscripts. Perhaps they still exist somewhere.
Paul Tillich: Contemporary German Philosophy
Authors: Sturm Erdmann
Published: October 2016

Tillich’s lecture on Contemporary German Philosophy (from about 1935) which is published in this edition is compared in the introduction with lectures on the same subject given by Werner Brock, Heidegger’s former assistant. Brock is pleading for self-assertion of German philosophy in an age of science, whereas for Tillich German philosophy expresses self-destruction and retreat from life. “Perhaps consolatio philosophiae […] will become the last word of philosophy in an entirely disturbed continent.”
‘Where the summer tropic and arctic circle become one’: the fixed arctic circle in ancient Greek and mediaeval Welsh tradition
Authors: Bilić Tomislav
Published: October 2016

Das mittelkymrische Gedicht Preiddeu Annwn enthält möglicherweise eine Formulierung, die sich auf das Phänomen der Mitternachtssonne bezieht, wie es auch in einigen antiken Texten beschrieben wird. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die griechischen und römischen Hinweise auf dieses Phänomen, die auf einer Beobachtung der meteorologischen Verhältnisse am Nördlichen Polarkreises beruhen, in den Kontext der traditionellen und wissenschaftlichen meteorologischen Forschung auf der Grundlage empirischer Beobachtungen. Die betreffende Formulierung in Preiddeu Annwn könnte ein solches empirisch begründetes Erfahrungswissen, aber auch die frühmittelalterliche Rezeption einer antiken Beschreibung des meteorologischen Phänomens widerspiegeln.
Nasalierung im Buch von Armagh: Überlegungen zu altirischen Schreibkonventionen
Authors: Bronner Dagmar
Published: October 2016

Within the Old Irish texts in the early ninth-century Book of Armagh (the Additamenta and the draft of a homily) some nasalisation nasals are marked in a specific way, i.e. <· n ·>, <· m ·>. It is argued that the scribe’s (apparently individual) practice of using marked and unmarked nasals is dependent on stress patterns within a phrase. Moreover, it is argued that the peculiar marking as such may have been an older and/or local variant of the more common marking by punctum delens, i.e. <ṅ>, <ṁ>.
Inna hinada hi filet cind erred Ulad inso – Burial and the status of the head
Authors: Imhoff Helen
Published: October 2016

Dieser Aufsatz befasst sich mit dem fragmentarischen Gedicht Inna hinada hi filet cind erred Ulad inso, das sich am Schluss der irischen Handschrift Lebor na hUidre findet. Das Gedicht berichtet laut Überschrift von den Orten, an denen die Köpfe der Helden der Ulaid begraben sind. Zwei Personen, Conchobar mac Nessa und Blaí Briugu, werden in den fragmentarischen Zeilen erwähnt, aber in der überlieferten mittelalterlichen Literatur wird keiner dieser beiden geköpft. In diesem Aufsatz werden daher die möglichen Gründe dafür, dass das Gedicht speziell die Begräbnissorte der Köpfe in den Blick nimmt, untersucht.
Fin as Ossian revisited: A Manx ballad in Belanagare and its significance
Authors: Ó Muircheartaigh Peadar
Published: October 2016

Der Artikel behandelt eine Fassung der Ballade Fin as Ossian, die im Nachlass von Charles O’Conor aus Belnagare in der Royal Irish Academy aufbewahrt wird. Bei der Ballade handelt es sich um eine Variante (in Manx) der Erzählung vom Brand des Hauses Finns, die in Schottland und Irland weit verbreitet war. Der Artikel enthält den Text der Ballade mit einer Übersetzung ins Englische, sprachwissenschaftlichen Anmerkungen und einer Erörterung ihrer Herkunft. Der Artikel spricht sich dafür aus, dass der hier vorgelegte handschriftliche Text aus dem Jahr 1771 und von dem Altertumsforscher Charles Vallancey stammt. Seine Bewahrung steht im Zusammenhang mit der Tätigkeit des Philologen und Sammlers Rev. James MacLagan auf der Insel Man im Sommer 1771.
The polysemy of llym in Middle Welsh
Authors: Parina Elena
Published: October 2016

Im Artikel wird die Semantik des Adjektivs ‚llym‘ in der mittelkymrischen Prosa und Dichtung analysiert. Dabei wird insbesondere auf relative Frequenzen einzelner Verwendungsweisen geachtet, was zu einer Neuinterpretation der im Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru enthaltenen Information führt. Man kann den Gebrauch von ‚llym‘ in zwei Domänen aufteilen. Die erste sind Verwendungen im Zusammenhang mit scharfkantigen oder spitzen Waffen. Das Spektrum weiterer Gebrauchsweisen in dieser Domäne ist sehr breit: ‚llym‘ beschreibt Objekte mit einer spezifischen Form; der Aspekt der Funktionsfähigkeit ergibt Kollokationen mit Intellekt und Feuer; der Aspekt der Wahrnehmung ist relevant in Kollokationen mit Referenten, die unangenehme Empfindungen hervorrufen können, wie z. B. ‚Wind‘, ‚Blick‘ oder ‚Essen‘, wobei letzteres eine Lehnprägung aus dem Lateinischen sein könnte.

Die zweite Domäne ist die Verwendung im Bereich körperlicher Aktivitäten. In wenigen Beispielen bezeichnet ‚llym‘ eine schnelle Aktion, meistens aber ist es in der Prosa Teil einer formelhaften Beschreibung von Kämpfen, bei der auch die Emotionen (vor allem der Zorn) des Kämpfenden relevant sind. In der Dichtung wird ‚llym‘ in demselben Bereich oft genutzt, hier ist ‚llym‘ oft ein schmückendes Beiwort für einen Krieger. Der Artikel argumentiert, dass sich dieses Verwendungsspektrum nicht nur durch die für die semantische Analyse üblichen Muster von Metapher und Metonymie erklärt, sondern auch durch eine kulturelle Komponente. Die Verwendungen von ‚llym‘ mit Bezug auf Kampf, Feuer, Auffassungsgabe und Zorn sind ein Teil der, auch im mittelalterlichen Wales einflussreichen, Viersäftelehre.
Dating the poems of Aneirin and Taliesin
Authors: Sims-Williams Patrick
Published: October 2016

Dieser Aufsatz behandelt, zum Teil im Vergleich mit frühirischer Dichtung, die kymrischen Gedichte, die traditionell den Dichtern Aneirin und Taliesin des sechsten Jahrhunderts zugeschrieben werden. Er vertritt den Standpunkt, daß die linguistischen Einwände gegen eine so frühe Datierung irrig oder nicht schlüssig sind, legt allerdings auch dar, warum mangels grammatischen Vergleichsmaterials aus dem sechsten Jahrhundert es nicht gelungen ist zu zeigen, daß die Sprache dieser Gedichte nicht auch ein oder mehrere Jahrhunderte jünger sein könnte.
Interns and Infidels: The Transformation of Work and Citizenship in Turkey and the United States under Neo-liberalism
Authors: Agartan Kaan , De Leon Cedric
Published: October 2016

How do the dispossessed remain governable under economic insecurity? What explains the persistence of work as a prerequisite to social rights in a time when fewer formal jobs exist? Drawing on a comparison of Turkey and the United States since 1980, we demonstrate that the neo-liberal state deploys different versions of the “work-citizenship nexus” to manage both the shrinking minority who enjoy the benefits of full citizenship and the rest who struggle to attain the rights and privileges of the formally employed. We find that neo-liberal state practices comprise a dual movement. On the one hand, the state in both countries reorients itself toward the market in welfare provision and the regulation of labour relations, capitalising on precarious work structures to bring their populations into the fold of neo-liberal governance. On the other hand, the state directly intervenes in disparate ways to manage those who cannot make it in the market. While the American state uses tactics of mass incarceration and deportation, the Turkish state opts for a blend of social conservatism and authoritarianism. This dual movement of reorientation and direct intervention results in what we call “tiered citizenship regimes” that facilitate the management of the population in each case.
The Power of Disruptive Protest in Driving Reform: Explaining the Failed case of Labour in Malaysia
Authors: Miles Lilian , Croucher Richard
Published: October 2016

We reflect upon Malaysian labour’s efforts in advocating reform. Its actions to focus political attention on labour issues at the 2013 general election are analysed. Although the election presented a rare opportunity for labour to bring workers’ issues to centre stage, it did not do so. Piven’s theory of “interdependent” power provides a useful lens through which labour’s failure can be analysed. We show the enormous challenges preventing Malaysian labour from activating “interdependent” power. Critically, the state has systematically maintained artificial distinctions to divide working people from each other and fragment them as a class. The use of state force to crush opposition elements and its employment of highly discriminatory industrialisation policies have additionally militated against labour's efforts to mobilise as a class to secure reform. Piven's theory likely has limited applicability in these authoritarian and non-liberal contexts.