bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AQbD-Based UPLC-ELSD Method for Quantifying Medium Chain Triglycerides in Labrafac™ WL 1349 for Nanoemulsion Applications
Authors: Gaggero Alessio , Marko Viktoria , Jeremic Dalibor , Tetyczka Carolin , Caisse Philippe , Afonso Urich Jesús Alberto
Published: January 2025

In response to recent regulatory guidelines, including ICH (International Council for Harmonisation) Q2 (R2) and Q14, we developed a UPLC-ELSD method to quantify Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCTs) in Labrafac™ WL 1349 for nanoemulsion applications. This procedure, crafted using Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) principles, addresses not only the validation of the methodology but also the lifecycle management challenges associated with the analysis of lipid-based excipients. Key parameters such as mobile phase composition, organic modifier, column type, flow rate, diluent, and column temperature were optimized to meet regulatory standards and ensure robustness in MCT quantification. Optimal conditions were achieved with a Waters Acquity HSS T3 (100 × 2.1 mm i.d., 1.8 μm) column at 33 °C, using a mixture of methanol (97.5%) and water (2.5%) containing 0.4% of formic acid at a flow rate of 0.41 mL/min. The method demonstrated an excellent fit on a cubic modelization for MCTs over a broad range of concentrations. Forced degradation studies, including hydrolytic (acidic and basic), oxidative, and thermal stress, confirmed the method’s suitability for possible stability scenarios. This validated UPLC method was successfully applied to quantitative analyses of bulk and formulation prototype samples containing MCTs. This AQbD-driven method enhances not only knowledge but also regulatory-compliant and cost-effective excipient control.
A Colorimetric and Fluorescent Dual-Mode Sensor Based on a Smartphone-Assisted Laccase-like Nanoenzyme for the Detection of Tetracycline Antibiotics
Authors: Chen Hongyue , Wang Zining , Shi Qi , Shi Weiguo , Lv Yuguang , Liu Shuang
Published: January 2025

A copper-based nanoenzyme (Cu-BL) co-modified by L-L-lysine and 2-2-amino terephthalic acid has laccase-like activity and fluorescence characteristics. Based on this, a colorimetric and fluorescent dual-mode sensor was developed to visually and quantitatively detect tetracycline antibiotics (TCs), including tetracycline (TC), chlortetracycline (CTC), and oxytetracycline (OTC). In the colorimetric detection system, TCs can inhibit the generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) and weaken the ability of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DP) to be oxidized into pink-colored quinone substances. The linear ranges are 0.5–80 μM, 1–80 μM, and 0.25–80 μM, and the detection limits are 0.27 μM, 0.22 μM, and 0.26μM, respectively. In addition, due to the inner filter effect, tetracycline antibiotics can interact with Cu-BL, and with the increase in tetracycline antibiotic concentration, the fluorescence intensity will decrease. In addition, the smartphone sensing platform is combined with the colorimetric signal for the rapid and visual quantitative detection of tetracycline antibiotics. Generally speaking, the colorimetric/fluorescence dual-mode sensor demonstrates good stability, high specificity, and strong anti-interference capabilities, highlighting its practical application potential. This work is expected to offer novel insights for the development of multifunctional nanoenzymes and the integration of a multi-mode sensing platform.
UK Patient Access to Low-Protein Prescription Foods in Phenylketonuria (PKU): An Uneasy Path
Authors: Evans Sharon , Arbuckle Cameron , Ashmore Catherine , Bailey Sarah , Blaauw Giana , Chaudhry Wahid , Dale Clare , Daly Anne , Downey Breanna , Dundas Jane , Ellerton Charlotte , Ford Suzanne , Gaff Lisa , Gribben Joanna , Grimsley Anne , Hill Melanie , Murphy Laura , Newby Camille , Oxley Natalia , Pereira Rachel , Pinto Alex , Skeath Rachel , Sparks Alexa , Tapley Simon , Terry Allyson , Wood Georgina , Woodall Alison , Yeung Katie , MacDonald Anita
Published: January 2025

Background: Special low-protein foods are essential in the dietary treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU). In the UK, these are available on prescription through the General Practitioners (GPs) and distributed via nutritional home delivery companies or pharmacies. Methods: A 58-item online non-validated semi-structured questionnaire was emailed to British Inherited Metabolic Disease Group (BIMDG) dietitians and dietetic support workers (DSW)/administrators working in PKU to ascertain the main system issues and errors with the supply of low-protein prescription foods (LPPF). Results: 73% (n = 53/73) of dietitians and 72% (n = 18/25) of DSW/administrators responded. A total of 80 questionnaires (representing 44 paediatric and 36 adult PKU centres) were completed. A total of 50% (n = 40/80) of respondents reported patient/caregiver problems accessing LPPF at least weekly. The most common problems were unavailable products (82%), missing LPPF in deliveries (79%), and delayed deliveries (66%). For 64% of respondents, >25% of their patients had recurring problems accessing LPPF, and 69% of respondents spent ≥1 h/week and 11% >5 h/week correcting LPPF patient supply issues. The most common foods patients experienced supply issues with were bread (96%), pasta/rice (41%) and milk replacements (35%). This was associated with GP prescription errors (65%), LPPF prescriptions sent to incorrect dispensers/suppliers (60%), and manufacturer supply issues (54%). Problems with patients/caregivers included not ordering LPPF in a timely way (81%), not responding to messages from home delivery companies (73%) and poor understanding of the ordering process (70%). The majority (93%) of respondents reported that prescription issues impacted their patients’ blood Phe control. Suggestions for improving access to LPPF included centralisation of the system to one supplier (76%) and apps for ordering LPPF (69%). Conclusions: The supply of LPPF for PKU in the UK is problematic; it may adversely affect the ability of patients to adhere to dietary management, and a review investigating patient access to LPPF is urgently required.
Gut Microbiota Is Not Significantly Altered by Radioiodine Therapy
Authors: Barata Pedro , Oliveira Ana , Soares Raquel , Fernandes Ana
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Radiotherapy treatments are known to alter the gut microbiota. However, little is known regarding the effect of nuclear medicine treatments on gut microbiota, and it is established that nuclear medicine is inherently different from radiotherapy. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a prospective study to identify changes in the gut microbiota of patients treated with [131I]NaI by comparing fecal samples before and after RAIT. Methods: Fecal samples of 64 patients (37 with thyroid cancer and 27 with hyperthyroidism) with indication for RAIT were collected 2 to 3 days before treatment and 8 to 10 days post-treatment. After DNA extraction, the gut microbiota’s richness, diversity, and composition were analyzed by shotgun metagenomics. In addition, LEfSe was performed to compare compositional changes in specific bacteria. Results: Gut microbiome richness and diversity remained unchanged after RAIT, with few changes in its composition identified, especially in patients with hyperthyroidism. Conclusions: This study provides a conceptual and analytical basis for increasing our understanding of the effects of radiopharmaceuticals on gut microbiota. Our preliminary results indicate that RAIT, contrary to radiotherapy, does not cause major disruptions to the human gut microbiota.
The Olive Oil Phenolic S-(-)-Oleocanthal Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Progression and Recurrence by Modulating SMYD2-EZH2 and c-MET Activation
Authors: Tarun Md Towhidul Islam , Elsayed Heba E. , Ebrahim Hassan Y. , El Sayed Khalid A.
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the US and the second leading cancer-associated mortality cause. Available CRC therapies achieve modest outcomes and fail to prevent its recurrence. Epidemiological studies indicated that the Mediterranean diet rich in olive oil reduced CRC incidence. This study aimed at the identification and assessment of active anti-CRC olive phenolics. Methods: The MTT, wound-healing and colony formation assays were used to discover and assess the in vitro anti-CRC activity of olive phenolics. A nude mouse xenografting model was used to assess the in vivo CRC progression and recurrence suppressive activity of OC in pure and crude forms. OC was isolated from olive oil using liquid–liquid extractions. Results: Screening of olive phenolics for in vitro antiproliferative activity against a diverse panel of CRC cell lines identified the extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) S-(-)-oleocanthal (OC) as the most active hit. OC showed IC50 values of 4.2, 9.8, 14.5, and 4.9 μM against HCT-116, COLO-320DM, WiDr, and SW48 CRC cells, respectively. The lysine methyltransferases SMYD2 and EZH2, along with the receptor tyrosine kinase c-MET proved aberrantly dysregulated in invasive and metastatic CRC. SMYD2 and c-MET were validated as OC molecular targets in multiple malignancies. Daily oral 10 mg/kg OC treatments over 15 days suppressed 72.5% of the KRAS mutant HCT-116-Luc cells tumors weight in male nude mice. Continued OC daily oral use after primary tumor surgical excision over an additional 40 days significantly suppressed the HCT-116-Luc locoregional tumor recurrence and totally prevented the distant tumor recurrence. The SMYD2-EZH2 expressions and c-MET activation were notably suppressed by OC treatments in vitro and in collected animal primary tumors. Conclusions: OC and olive phenolics are potential nutraceutical interventions useful for CRC control and the prevention of its relapse.
Effect of Scratches on Mechanical Properties and Impermeability of PVC-P Geomembranes
Authors: Zhang Xianlei , Jiao Kefan , Ma Shaoshuai , Wu Yunyun
Published: January 2025

Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-P) geomembranes (GMBs) are susceptible to physical scratches due to improper construction in water conservancy projects. Axial tensile tests and permeability tests were carried out to investigate the mechanical properties and impermeability of PVC-P GMBs with scratches under various combinations of scratch angles, lengths, and depths. This was achieved by evaluating the break strength, break elongation, Young’s modulus, and permeability coefficient. The results demonstrated that physical scratches weaken the mechanical properties of PVC-P GMBs, and interactions among the influencing factors were observed. The influence of scratches on the break elongation and break strength outweighed that on Young’s modulus, with scratch depth exerting the most significant effect on the mechanical properties under identical conditions. The scratches on PVC-P GMBs should be minimized in practice, while those without penetrating cracks along the thickness direction and tensile deformation have negligible effects on impermeability. The failure threshold of PVC-P GMBs with scratches was determined, along with the scratch depths, angles, and lengths affecting the operation of the project. This provides a reference for assessing whether PVC-P GMBs with scratches jeopardize the safety of projects.
Using a Neural Network to Model the Incidence Angle Dependency of Backscatter to Produce Seamless, Analysis-Ready Backscatter Composites over Land
Authors: Navacchi Claudio , Reuß Felix , Wagner Wolfgang
Published: January 2025

In order to improve the current standard of analysis-ready Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) backscatter data, we introduce a machine learning-based approach to estimate the slope of the backscatter–incidence angle relationship from several backscatter statistics. The method requires information from radiometric terrain-corrected gamma nought time series and overcomes the constraints of a limited orbital coverage, as exemplified with the Sentinel-1 constellation. The derived slope estimates contain valuable information on scattering characteristics of different land cover types, allowing for the correction of strong forward-scattering effects over water bodies and wetlands, as well as moderate surface scattering effects over bare soil and sparsely vegetated areas. Comparison of the estimated and computed slope values in areas with adequate orbital coverage shows good overall agreement, with an average RMSE value of 0.1 dB/° and an MAE of 0.05 dB/°. The discrepancy between RMSE and MAE indicates the presence of outliers in the computed slope, which are attributed to speckle and backscatter fluctuations over time. In contrast, the estimated slope excels with a smooth spatial appearance. After correcting backscatter values by normalising them to a certain reference incidence angle, orbital artefacts are significantly reduced. This becomes evident with differences up to 5 dB when aggregating the normalised backscatter measurements over certain time periods to create spatially seamless radar backscatter composites. Without being impacted by systematic differences in the illumination and physical properties of the terrain, these composites constitute a valuable foundation for land cover and land use mapping, as well as bio-geophysical parameter retrieval.
DBCE-Net: A Novel Deep Learning Framework for Annual Mapping of Coastal Aquaculture Ponds in China with Sentinel-2 Data
Authors: Li Yin , Zhao Liaoying , Zhang Huaguo , Cao Wenting
Published: January 2025

Despite the promising advancements of deep learning techniques in coastal aquaculture pond extraction, their capacity for large-scale mapping tasks remains relatively limited. To address this challenge, this study developed a novel deep learning framework, Dual-Branch Enhanced Network (DBCE-Net), for mapping the annual aquaculture ponds at the national scale using Sentinel-2 imagery. The DBCE-Net framework effectively mitigates the contextual information loss inherent in traditional methods and reduces classification errors by processing both down-sampled large-scale images and block images at their original resolution. The architecture comprises local feature extraction and global feature extraction, along with feature fusion and decoding. The pivotal Multi-scale Dynamic Feature Fusion (DFF) module synthesizes local and global features while incorporating complementary information, demonstrating strong robustness with smaller training areas, compared to previous methods that required a larger number of samples distributed across different regions. By applying the DBCE-Net to Sentinel-2 imagery from 2017 to 2023, we mapped the spatiotemporal distribution of coastal aquaculture ponds across all coastal counties in China, achieving an overall classification accuracy approximately 93%. The results demonstrate substantial changes in the area of coastal aquaculture ponds in China from 2017 to 2023, with the total area declining from 8970.25 km2 to 8261.17 km2, representing a notable decrease of 7.90%. The most pronounced reduction was observed in Shanghai, with a decrease of 38.92%, followed by Zhejiang (31.57%) and Jiangsu (19.07%). These reductions are primarily attributed to policies converting aquaculture ponds into natural wetlands. In contrast, the area of coastal aquaculture ponds in Liaoning Province slightly increased by 5.75%. This DBCE-Net demonstrates good accuracy and generalizability and is promising to further expand its application to the extraction of coastal aquaculture areas worldwide, providing important scientific value and practical significance for the global coastal aquaculture industry.
Enhancement of Roll-to-Roll Gravure-Printed Cantilever Touch Sensors via a Transferring and Bonding Method
Authors: Lee Sang Hoon , Shin Jae Hak , Lee Sangyoon
Published: January 2025

Sensor miniaturization offers significant advantages, including enhanced SoC integration efficiency, reduced cost, and lightweight design. While the roll-to-roll printed electronics fabrication process is advantageous for the mass production of sensors compared to the traditional MEMS technology, producing sensors that require air gap-based 3D structures remains challenging. This study proposes an integration of roll-to-roll gravure printing with a transferring and bonding method for touch sensor fabrication. Unlike previously reported methods for sacrificial layer removal, this approach prevents stiction issues, thus enabling sensor miniaturization and providing the flexibility to select materials that minimize sensitivity degradation during scaling. For the lower part of the sensor, Ag and BaSO4 were roll-to-roll gravure-printed on a flexible PET substrate to form the bottom electrode and dielectric layer, followed by BaSO4 spin coating on the sensor’s anchor area to form a spacer. For the upper part, a water-soluble PVP sacrificial layer was roll-to-roll gravure-printed on another flexible PET substrate, followed by spin coating Ag and SU-8 to form the top electrode and the structural layer, respectively. The sacrificial layer of the upper part was removed with water to delaminate the top electrode and structural layer from the substrate, then transferred and bonded onto the spacer of the lower part. Touch sensors of three different sizes were fabricated, and their performances were comparatively analyzed along with that of an epoxy resin-based sensor, demonstrating that our sensor attained miniaturization while achieving relatively high sensitivity.
Customer Context Analysis in Shopping Malls: A Method Combining Semantic Behavior and Indoor Positioning Using a Smartphone
Authors: Tian Ye , Gu Yanlei , Lu Qianwen , Kamijo Shunsuke
Published: January 2025

Customer context analysis (CCA) in brick-and-mortar shopping malls can support decision makers’ marketing decisions by providing them with information about customer interest and purchases from merchants. It makes offline CCA an important topic in marketing. In order to analyze customer context, it is necessary to analyze customer behavior, as well as to obtain the customer’s location, and we propose an analysis system for customer context based on these two aspects. For customer behavior, we use a modeling approach based on the time-frequency domain, while separately identifying movement-related behaviors (MB) and semantic-related behaviors (SB), where MB are used to assist in localization and the positioning result are used to assist semantic-related behavior recognition, further realizing CCA generation. For customer locations, we use a deep-learning-based pedestrian dead reckoning (DPDR) method combined with a node map to achieve store-level pedestrian autonomous positioning, where the DPDR is assisted by simple behaviors.
Interdisciplinary Perspectives: Rethinking Communication for Development and Social Change in Health Communication
Authors: Govender Eliza
Published: January 2025

Communication for development and social change is an evolving field both in research and practice, transcending paradigms of conventional communication towards engaging and somewhat exposing some of the real-life communicative disorders experienced by communities. While public health and communication for development and social change operate from diverse paradigmatic thinking and are applied quite independently as disciplinary fields of study, health communication converges these fields in research and practice. In this paper, I discuss these interdisciplinary perspectives that draw from communication for development and social change principles and public health through a process of divergence and convergence towards new ways of thinking about decision making. Much of this discourse stems from understanding many health problems as a development problem first, one that recognises the role of community responses during pandemics yet at the same time places the agency back with individuals to make informed choices. Communicating for health decision making from this perspective is what I call Communicating for Health-as-Development (C4HD). C4HD foregrounds health as development, which caters to the messy, unidirectional, non-process-orientated, non-measurable and often non-data-driven approaches to health outcomes. It is in these messy health communication efforts that real development takes place. This paper, using examples from HIV and COVID-19, discusses these ongoing developments in the field and the convergence of public health and communication for development and social change from an interdisciplinary perspective, by exploring three key concepts: community engagement to influence decision making, community agency and ownership, and context and collaboration, which contribute to understanding communication for health-as-development.
The Role of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in Phytohormone-Regulated Microalgae-Based Carbon Dioxide Capture Technology
Authors: Akenteng Yaw Dwamena , Chen Hao , Opoku Kwame Nana , Ullah Fahim , Wang Shuang , Kumar Sunel
Published: January 2025

Microalgae-based CO2 capture has potential as an industrial-scale solution to climate change challenges while also amassing usable microalgae biomass. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can optimize CO2 extraction in microalgae growing systems, especially when paired with phytohormone-regulated growth. This paper examines the use of CFD to predict fluid flow, nutrient distribution, light intensity, and mass transfer in microalgae-based systems, which are crucial for improving photosynthetic efficiency and fixing CO2. The focus is on how phytohormones, such as auxins and cytokinin, influence microalgal growth and their subsequent involvement in increasing carbon sequestration. Furthermore, this review discusses CFD applications in reactor design, where fluid dynamics and biological kinetics interact to increase biomass yield. The focus on scaling up and transitioning from laboratory to industrial application with the possible integration of computational fluid dynamics with experiment data to enhance simulation precision is addressed. The assessment demonstrates CFD’s potential as an important tool for sustainable CO2 fixation.
Using Virtual Reality to Enhance Learning Performance and Address Educational Resource Disparities in Architectural History Courses
Authors: Li Tingjun , Hu Hailong , Ma Haojie , Ma Jie , Li Qingxiang
Published: January 2025

Field surveys are an important component of architectural history courses, but they are challenging for students with limited resources or geographical constraints. This paper aims to explore the potential of virtual reality (VR) technology as a solution to this problem by testing its impact on student learning performance in an architectural history course. Dule Temple, a heritage building, is used as a case study to construct a VR environment with options for ground-based or free movement modes. A total of 102 third-year architecture students participated in the study, experiencing the VR environment and completing a survey. From the results, the VR scene’s level of detail achieved high levels of satisfaction. For learning performance, the results present the remarkable interestingness and effectiveness of VR in architectural history education. VR provides a comprehensive learning experience, enhancing the understanding of historical context, architectural styles, and spatial relationships. These findings show VR’s transformative potential as an educational medium, complementing and, in some respects, surpassing traditional approaches such as field surveys, 2D materials, and physical scale models. However, the study emphasizes that VR should not entirely replace traditional teaching methods. Instead, combining the strengths of VR and conventional techniques offers a balanced and effective strategy for architectural education. VR offers a transformative approach to address the imbalance of educational resources and realize sustainable education.
Deep Double Towers Click Through Rate Prediction Model with Multi-Head Bilinear Fusion
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Cheng Xiaobao , Wei Wei , Meng Yangyang
Published: January 2025

The click-through rate (CTR) forecast is among the mainstream research directions in the domain of recommender systems, especially in online advertising suggestions. Among them, the multilayer perceptron (MLP) has been extensively utilized as the cornerstone of deep CTR prediction models. However, current neural network-based CTR prediction models commonly employ a single MLP network to capture nonlinear interactions between high-order features, while disregarding the interaction among differentiated features, resulting in poor model performance. Although studies such as DeepFM have proposed dual-branch interaction models to learn complex features, they still fall short of achieving more nuanced feature fusion. To address these challenges, we propose a novel model, the Deep Double Towers model (DDT), which improves the accuracy of CTR prediction through multi-head bilinear fusion while incorporating symmetry in its architecture. Specifically, the DDT model leverages symmetric parallel MLP networks to capture the interactions between differentiated features in a more structured and balanced manner. Furthermore, the multi-head bilinear fusion layer enables refined feature fusion through symmetry-aware operations, ensuring that feature interactions are aligned and symmetrically integrated. Experimental results on publicly available datasets, such as Criteo and Avazu, show that DDT surpasses existing models in improving the accuracy of CTR prediction, with symmetry contributing to more effective and balanced feature fusion.
A Biologically Inspired Model for Detecting Object Motion Direction in Stereoscopic Vision
Authors: Hua Yuxiao , Tao Sichen , Todo Yuki , Chen Tianqi , Qiu Zhiyu , Tang Zheng
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a biologically inspired model, the Stereoscopic Direction Detection Mechanism (SDDM), designed to detect motion direction in three-dimensional space. The model addresses two key challenges: the lack of biological interpretability in current deep learning models and the limited exploration of binocular functionality in existing biologically inspired models. Rooted in the fundamental concept of ’disparity’, the SDDM is structurally divided into components representing the left and right eyes. Each component mimics the layered architecture of the human visual system, from the retinal layer to the primary visual cortex. By replicating the functions of various cells involved in stereoscopic motion direction detection, the SDDM offers enhanced biological plausibility and interpretability. Extensive experiments were conducted to evaluate the model’s detection accuracy for various objects and its robustness against different types of noise. Additionally, to ascertain whether the SDDM matches the performance of established deep learning models in the field of three-dimensional motion direction detection, its performance was benchmarked against EfficientNet and ResNet under identical conditions. The results demonstrate that the SDDM not only exhibits strong performance and robust biological interpretability but also requires significantly lower hardware and time costs compared to advanced deep learning models.
Consequences of Volcanic Ash on Antioxidants, Nutrient Composition, Heavy Metal Accumulation, and Secondary Metabolites in Key Crops of Cotopaxi Province, Ecuador
Authors: Mihai Raluca A. , Rodríguez Valencia Katherine Elizabeth , Sivizaca Flores Nina G. , Ramiro Fernando Vivanco Gonzaga , Nelson Santiago Cubi Isuaste , Catana Rodica D.
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the consequences of volcanic ash on the antioxidant properties, nutrient composition, heavy metal levels, and secondary metabolites in Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean) and Zea mays L. (yellow corn), two crucial crops in Ecuador. The objective is to determine how volcanic ash exposure affects these crops, focusing on antioxidant properties and potential heavy metal accumulation. Field experiments were conducted in Cotopaxi Province, where both crops were cultivated under varying volcanic ash conditions. Secondary metabolites, particularly total phenols and flavonoids, were quantified using spectrophotometric methods, while heavy metal content was assessed via atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results showed a notable increase in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, especially phenols and flavonoids, in crops exposed to volcanic ash, enhancing their antioxidant capacity. Importantly, no significant heavy metal accumulation was detected, indicating that the benefits of volcanic ash application can be harnessed without associated toxicity risks. This research highlights the potential of volcanic ash to boost beneficial metabolites in yellow corn and common bean, advocating for careful agricultural practices in volcanic regions to optimize health benefits while mitigating toxicity risks.
Baculovirus Genetic Diversity and Population Structure
Authors: López-Ferber Miguel , Caballero Primitivo , Williams Trevor
Published: January 2025

Baculoviruses can naturally regulate lepidopteran populations and are used as biological insecticides. The genetic diversity of these viruses affects their survival and efficacy in pest control. For nucleopolyhedroviruses, occlusion-derived virions and the occlusion body facilitate the transmission of groups of genomes, whereas this is not the case for granuloviruses. We review the evidence for baculovirus genetic diversity in the environment, in the host insect, and in occlusion bodies and virions. Coinfection allows defective genotypes to persist through complementation and results in the pseudotyping of virus progeny that can influence their transmissibility and insecticidal properties. Genetic diversity has marked implications for the development of pest resistance to virus insecticides. We conclude that future research is warranted on the physical segregation of genomes during virus replication and on the independent action of virions during infection. We also identify opportunities for studies on the transmission of genetic diversity and host resistance to viruses.
Development of a Recombinase-Mediated Cassette Exchange System for Gene Knockout and Expression of Non-Native Gene Sequences in Rickettsia
Authors: Cull Benjamin , Burkhardt Nicole Y. , Khoo Benedict S. , Oliver Jonathan D. , Wang Xin-Ru , Price Lisa D. , Khanipov Kamil , Fang Rong , Munderloh Ulrike G.
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Incidence of vector-borne diseases, including rickettsioses and anaplasmosis, has been increasing in many parts of the world. The obligate intracellular nature of rickettsial pathogens has hindered the development of robust genetic tools for the study of gene function and the identification of therapeutic targets. Transposon mutagenesis has contributed to recent progress in the identification of virulence factors in this important group of pathogens. Methods: Combining the efficiency of the himar1 transposon method with a recombinase-mediated system, we aimed to develop a genetic tool enabling the exchange of the transposon with a cassette encoding non-native sequences. Results: This approach was used in Rickettsia parkeri to insert a himar1 transposon encoding fluorescent protein and antibiotic resistance genes for visualization and selection, flanked by mismatched loxP sites to enable subsequent recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (RMCE). RMCE mediated by a plasmid-encoded Cre recombinase was then employed to replace the transposon with a different cassette containing alternate fluorescent and selection markers and epitopes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum antigens. The resulting genetically modified R. parkeri was trialed as a live-attenuated vaccine against spotted fever rickettsiosis and anaplasmosis in mice. Conclusions: The use of this system provides a well-established and relatively efficient way of inserting non-native sequences into the rickettsial genome, with applications for the study of gene function and vaccine development.
Harnessing Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Performance Monitoring in SWRO Desalination
Authors: Helali Saloua , Albalawi Shadiah , Bel Hadj Ali Nizar
Published: January 2025

Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) desalination is a critical technology for addressing global water scarcity, yet its performance can be hindered by complex process dynamics and operational inefficiencies. This study investigates the revolutionary potential of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for modeling SWRO desalination processes. PINNs are subsets of machine learning algorithms that incorporate physical information to help provide physically meaningful neural network models. The proposed approach is here demonstrated using operating data collected over several months in a Seawater RO plant. PINN-based models are presented to estimate the effects of operating conditions on the permeate TDS and pressure drop. The focus is on the feed water temperature variations and progressive membrane deterioration caused by fouling. Predictive models generated using PINNs showed high performances with a determination coefficient of 0.96 for the permeate TDS model and 0.97 for the pressure drop model. Results show that the use of PINNs significantly enhances the ability to predict membrane fouling and produced water quality, thereby supporting informed decision-making for RO process control.
A Reservoir Dam Monitoring Technology Integrating Improved ABC Algorithm and SVM Algorithm
Authors: Xu Yunqian , Bao Tengfei , Yuan Mingdao , Zhang Shu
Published: January 2025

A reservoir dam is a water conservancy project with large investment and high social and economic benefits, which plays an irreplaceable role in flood control, power generation, water storage, and urban water supply. There is a risk of accidents in the process of reservoir dams, so dam monitoring is an important means to achieve the safe operation of reservoirs. In this paper, taking advantage of the high-dimensional and nonlinear characteristics of dam monitoring data samples, the fusion-improved ABC (artificial bee colony) algorithm is introduced, and the SVM (support vector machine) algorithm is used to optimize the penalty factor and kernel function parameters. The test results of the ABC and SVM algorithm are relatively stable, with small fluctuation amplitude, which can continuously monitor water level, pore water pressure, dam deformation, temperature, humidity, vibration, and other indicators is less than 10%, which is significantly lower than the standard ABC algorithm, the standard ANN algorithm, and the standard SVM algorithm. The independence and characteristics of the ABC–SVM algorithm are significantly higher, and the correlation is 0.03, the RMS (root mean square) is 0.2334, which is lower than that of the standard ABC algorithm of 0.09, and the standard ANN algorithm of 0.8. The stability of the results and performance stability are analyzed, which is greater than 90%. The ABC and SVM is used to predict the displacement and deformation law of the reservoir dam.
Diagnósticos de internação em UTI neonatal: um estudo retrospectivo na Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Anápolis (07/2023-07/2024)
Authors: Campos Angélica Julyanne Cunha Santos , Cozac Erasmo Eustáquio
Published: January 2025

Este estudo investigou os principais diagnósticos e características clínicas de neonatos admitidos na UTI neonatal da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Anápolis, entre julho de 2023 e julho de 2024. Com base em uma análise retrospectiva dos prontuários, foram identificadas as condições de saúde mais recorrentes, como prematuridade, síndrome do desconforto respiratório (SDR), sepse neonatal e enterocolite necrosante (ECN). Observou-se que a maioria dos pacientes era de prematuros extremos, com idade gestacional inferior a 32 semanas, necessitando de ventilação mecânica e nutrição parenteral. A taxa de mortalidade neonatal esteve associada a complicações graves, e o tempo médio de internação foi superior para os casos com intervenções complexas. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de uma equipe multidisciplinar e protocolos de atendimento especializados, que contribuam para a melhoria dos desfechos clínicos e redução de complicações nos neonatos prematuros.
Основные факторы и источники экономического роста
Authors: Урайымов Н.Ж.
Published: January 2025

В данной статье рассматриваются тенденции и модели экономического роста, его понятия и измерения. Раскрыты основные источники и факторы экономического роста, а также методы и инструменты их государственного стимулирования.

This article discusses the trends and models of economic growth, its concepts and dimensions. The main sources and factors of economic growth, as well as the methods and tools of their state stimulation are disclosed.
Оценка конкурентоспособности ДЮСШ методом построения многоугольника конкурентоспособности
Authors: Бланько М.И. , Шарапова В.М.
Published: January 2025

В статье дана оценка конъюнктуры рынка детско-юношеских школ по хоккею с мячом в Свердловской области и анализ деятельности конкурентов. В статье рассмотрены основные конкуренты детской юношеской школы по хоккею с мячом с применением концепции «4P» и многоугольника конкурентоспособности

The article provides an assessment of the market conditions for youth hockey schools in the Sverdlovsk region and an analysis of the activities of competitors. The article discusses the main competitors of the children's youth hockey school using the concept of "4P" and the competitiveness polygon
Методы оценки финансовых ресурсов банка
Authors: Ананченко Д.С.
Published: January 2025

в статье рассмотрены понятие и структура ресурсов коммерческого банка; описаны существующие методики оценки ресурсов. Обоснована необходимость грамотного выбора методики оценки финансовых ресурсов коммерческого банка.

the article discusses the concept and structure of commercial Bank resources; describes the existing methods of resource assessment. The need for a competent choice of methods for evaluating the financial resources of a commercial Bank is justified.
Методика анализа использования основных средств промышленного предприятия
Authors: Кураев И.А.
Published: January 2025

Данная статья посвящена использования основных средств, приведены основные показатели. В статье приведены теоретические аспекты и анализ использования основных средств АО «Завод им. Гаджиева»

This article is devoted to the use of fixed assets, the main indicators are given. The article presents the theoretical aspects and analysis of the use of fixed assets of JSC them. Gadzhieva
Разработка смягчающих мер для сдерживающих факторов девелоперских проектов
Authors: Волков А.Н.
Published: January 2025

Девелоперские проекты могут быть доведены до успешного завершения различными способами. Но лучшие и наиболее популярные методы и рамки управления проектами постоянно меняются. Новые понятия появляются все время. За успешными проектами стоит целая цепочка методов, инструментов и приемов. Однако методы и рамки управления проектами предназначены не только для руководителей проектов. Вся команда проекта должна понимать их использование, назначение и основные термины. Это гарантирует, что весь процесс будет идти гладко независимо от выбора. Методология или рамки, которые работали для кого-то другого, могут быть не совсем подходящими для рассматриваемой девелоперской компании. Вот почему лучше всего проверить, как мы можем использовать методы и инструменты для собственных проектов. В статье описываются варианты разработки смягчительных мер для контроля сроков при осуществлении девелоперских проектов.

Development projects can be brought to successful completion in various ways. But the best and most popular project management methods and frameworks are constantly changing. New concepts appear all the time. Successful projects have a whole chain of methods, tools and techniques. However, the methods and framework of project management are not only for project managers. The entire project team must understand their use, purpose and basic terms. This ensures that the entire process runs smoothly, regardless of choice. The methodology or framework that worked for someone else may not be entirely appropriate for the development company in question. That’s why it’s best to check how we can use the methods and tools for our own projects. The article describes options for developing mitigation measures to control the timing of development projects.
Method for calculating the effective dielectric constant of a material with periodically distributed inhomogeneities
Authors: Platonov R. A. , Altynnikov A. G. , Komlev A. E. , Tsymbalyuk A. A. , Kudriavtseva D. A.
Published: January 2025

The article proposes a method for calculating the effective permittivity of a material with periodically distributed inhomogeneities. The method is based on the calculation of the equivalent electrical circuit of a unit cell of the material. To conduct experimental studies using three-dimensional DLP printing, samples of material with cylindrical air cavities of various diameters were manufactured. Comparison of the results of calculation and measurement of the effective dielectric constant showed a small divergence (up to 5%).
INACTIVITY—THE SLOW BUT CERTAIN PATH TO CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Authors: Octav Amariței , O-L. Mierlan , A. Boghean , T. V. Gurău , G.V. Popa , A. Zaharescu , C. A. Popa , M. C. Mehedinți , C. Guțu
Published: January 2025

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of global mortality, with Romania classifiedas a high cardiovascular risk country. Sedentary behaviors and obesity, closely interrelated factors,significantly contribute to the increased CVD risk. This study analyzed 45 subjects aged between 18and 49 years, none of them being a professional athlete. Data collected included sex, age, BMI,metabolic equivalents (METs), and predictive values for the age and sex of the patient. The study aimedto evaluate the relationship between these variables and to assess the situation regarding the incidenceof sedentary lifestyle. Only 18% of the subjects demonstrated an increased exercise tolerance.Approximately 50% were overweight, and 26% were obese. Subjects with normal BMI showed greaterexercise tolerance compared to overweight and obese individuals. Overall, 82% of participants did notmeet the ESC guidelines for physical activity. The low levels of physical activity highlight the urgentneed for national educational and structural interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk and promotean active lifestyle, particularly among vulnerable groups such as young people and overweightindividuals.
Per-Q as an intervention project in virtual education for virtual learning environments
Authors: Martínez-González Fernando Eduardo , Macías-Brambila Hassem Rubén , Rodríguez-Jiménez Liza Mayela , López-Laguna Ana Bertha
Published: January 2025

This article describes the methodological process in the design, implementation,
and evaluation of Per-Q as an intervention project for educational practice in music
teaching through the design of multimedia educational resources, social networks,
software development and instructional design for virtual learning environments.
Considering rhythm as the main element, based on the Rhythmic Dalcroze, DumDum, How to Play, Slap Happy and Rhythm stories methods, as methods that
incorporate activities with movements, the game as a didactic element,
improvisation, and the possibility of doing it without musical instruments
implemented through traditional, constructivist and critical musical didactics
approaches. Project aimed at a children's audience based on Jean Piaget's Theory of
Cognitive Development and the stage of concrete operations, where initial rhythmic
learning is associated with logical operations such as serialization, numbering and
classification that are presented at the ages of the target audience. and that
contemplates the possibility of implementing social mediation models in existing
study programs at various levels of education
Essa terra tem dono! Disputas e direitos de propriedade nas sesmarias de Santo Antônio de Guarulhos (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 1785-1802)
Authors: Machado Marina Monteiro
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo se debruça sobre o Norte da capitania do Rio de Janeiro, centrado na passagem dos séculos XVIII para o XIX, a fim de examinar a ocupação e as disputas envolvendo a posse das terras e expansão das fronteiras. Para tanto, recortamos as terras do extinto Aldeamento de Santo Antônio de Guarulhos, localizado em Campos dos Goytacazes, entre os anos de 1785-1802. A proposta tem como fio condutor três pedidos de sesmarias nas terras antes ocupadas pelo antigo aldeamento, que recebem encaminhamentos distintos, e revelam interesses diversos sobre as áreas nas quais estavam estabelecidos grupos de foreiros.
Migração, mobilidades e demografias nas fronteiras dos sertões de Piranhas e Piancó, Capitania da Paraíba (Século XVIII)
Authors: Bezerra de Morais Yan
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo analisa a dinâmica de mobilidade e migração para os Sertões da Capitania da Paraíba a partir do processo de expansão das fronteiras no contexto de conquista e colonização no decorrer do século XVIII. Para tal, buscamos traçar o perfil social e os índices demográficos da população sertaneja a partir, sobretudo, de fontes cartoriais produzidas por tabeliães dos Sertões de Piranhas e Piancó ao longo do Setecentos.
As vilas que não se concretizaram: dinâmicas de ocupação do espaço na Amazônia portuguesa (Maranhão, 1755)
Authors: Sales Dornelles Soraia , Gouveia Mendonça Muniz Pollyanna
Published: January 2025

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a formação e o desenvolvimento dos territórios coloniais portugueses no Estado do Grão-Pará e Maranhão no momento da conformação das políticas pombalinas para a região. O ponto de partida será a análise de documentação do acervo do Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo (Lisboa): um mapa e uma planta de vila intitulados “Mapa de Mar e Terra entre o Rio da Parnahiba e Rio Tocantins. Maranhão, 26 de abril de 1755” e “Planta da Villa do Itapicurû”. Buscar-se-á perceber as especificidades e dinâmicas estabelecidas na referida região no processo de ocupação do espaço. Dar-se-á destaque aos povos que ocupavam esses territórios e como eles são protagonistas na complexificação da experiência de construção ou não, como é o caso deste exemplo, daquelas vilas e localidades. Utilizando-se de metodologias em história conectada e variação de escalas de observação, pretende-se com esta investigação contribuir com o relativo silêncio da historiografia maranhense sobre este tema.
A consolidação dos domínios luso-amazônicos: os casamentos mistos nas povoações indígenas da capitania de São José do Rio Negro (1755-1773)
Authors: Vieira Ribeiro Otávio Vítor
Published: January 2025

Este artigo aborda a promoção de casamentos mistos entre homens não indígenas (civis e militares) e mulheres indígenas na capitania de São José do Rio Negro entre 1755 e 1773. Essas uniões foram regulamentadas pela Lei de 04 de abril de 1755 e fizeram parte do projeto de consolidação das povoações (vilas e lugares) distribuídas pelas margens dos rios amazônicos, conforme previa o Diretório dos Índios (1757-1798). A análise sobre a política matrimonial privilegiará quatro dinâmicas: 1) o debate, a distribuição e a quantificação dos casamentos mistos nas povoações indígenas; 2) as alianças com os poderes locais; 3) as baixas militares; 4) as possibilidades de ascensão no Real Serviço.
АНТРОПОГЕННАЯ УГРОЗА ПРИРОДНЫМ ЛАНДШАФТАМ И ПРАВОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИХ СОХРАНЕНИЯ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЛЕНИНГРАДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Агаева Р.Э. , Веселова Е.В. , Семкова Т.А.
Published: January 2025

Территория Карельского перешейка, южной границей которого служит р. Нева, представляет собой пример наиболее интенсивно изменяемого рельефа в результате деятельности человека. Это связано с широким распространением месторождений общераспространённых полезных ископаемых, приуроченных к такому рельефу. Ленинградская область бережно и ответственно относится к своему природному наследию, создавая систему особо охраняемых природных территорий. Объектами охраны ООПТ являются, в том числе, и природные ландшафты. Особенно важно это для ландшафтов ледникового происхождения (камовых холмов), поскольку они легче всего разрушаются в ходе недропользования.