bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote angiogenesis via transfer of miR-21-5p after cerebral ischemia in mice
Authors: Hu Hui , Hu xiaowei , Li lin , Gu Jingjing , Fang Yan , Yang Yan , Xu Jiadong , Chu Lisheng
Published: April 2021

Background

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation is a potential clinical therapy for cerebral ischemia. The therapeutic effects of MSCs primarily depends on the paracrine action by releasing exosomes (Exos). Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-Exos) could modulate target cell functions by transferring microRNAs (miRs) cargo. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether BMSC-Exos could promote angiogenesis via transfer of miR-21-5p after cerebral ischemia.
Methods

BMSC-Exos were isolated from conditioned medium of BMSCs by differential ultracentrifugation, and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blot analysis. In mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), the neurological function was evaluated by Zea Longa’s method, and the infarct volume and microvessel density were detected by TTC staining and vWF immunofluorescence staining, respectively. The proangiogenic effects of BMSC-Exos were assessed via proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro assays. The miR-21-5p expression was detected by qRT-PCR. The expression levels of VEGF, VEGFR2, Ang-1, and Tie-2 were determined by western blot.
Results

BMSC-Exos significantly improved neurological function and reduced infract volume after cerebral ischemia. Moreover, BMSC-Exos significantly upregulated the microvessel density and the expression levels of proangiogenic proteins VEGF, VEGFR2, Ang-1 and Tie-2 in the ischemic boundary region. MiR-21-5p expression was also dramatically increased after cerebral ischemia. In vitro assays revealed that BMSC-Exos enhanced HUVECs functions including proliferation, migration and tube formation, as well as increasing the expression of VEGF and VEGFR2. However, these proangiogenic effects of BMSC-Exos on HUVECs were reversed by miR-21-5p inhibitor.
Conclusion

Our study indicated that BMSC-Exos could promote angiogenesis and neurological function recovery via transfer of miR-21-5p. Therefore, the application of miR-21-5p-loaded BMSC-Exos might be an attractive treatment strategy of cerebral ischemia.
Evolution of methodological approaches to the state cadastral valuation of agricultural land from the perspective of business development
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Peshkov Vitaliy V. , Moskaleva Nadezhda V. ,   Ministry of Property Relations of the Irkutsk Region
Published: April 2021

The present paper is devoted to methodological features of determining the cadastral value of agricultural land plots in large regions of the Russian Federation. The study applied methods of comparative, expert, analytical, information-statistical and graphical analysis of data provided by the Ministry of Economic Development, the Federal State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography Service (Rosreestr), the Ministry of Finance, the Federal Tax Service, the Federal State Statistics Service, local government reports on socio-economic development, as well as statistical collections. The transition of Russian economy to market princi-ples required an accelerated transformation of all socio-economic areas, including that of land relations. Un-der market conditions, the role of cadastral valuation of agricultural land plots as an important tool for regu-lating land property relations and its impact on the efficiency of land use has increased. In modern Russia, the institute of state cadastral valuation has been developing for more than 20 years. This period was char-acterised by methodological errors and miscalculations, which hinder the development of the state cadastral land valuation. In this article, we analyse the methodological approaches and principles of mass (cadastral) valuation of agricultural land, including their evolution to in-site state cadastral valuation of agricultural land. An analysis of the regulatory and methodological support of the current cadastral valuation of agricultural land plots was carried out.
Formation concepts of the unrealised urban architectural and artistic ensembles on the example of the “Worker and Kolkoz Woman” pavilion
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Architecture State Academy, Tkachenko Sergei B.
Published: April 2021

The object of the study consists of the architectural and artistic ensemble of the “Worker and Kolkoz Woman” pavilion created for the Paris International Exhibition in 1937 by architect B.M. Iofan and sculptor V.I. Mukhina as a part of a grandiose architectural idea declaring the aspiration for the future Soviet state and a sacred symbol of communist ideology. The study reveals that the monument was aimed at carrying a more substantial ideological message than just an architectural structure. The study of the sites proposed for the installation of sculptures for prominent figures in politics, science and art, monuments perpetuating the memorable events of Russian history and mankind shows that they constitute an important historical response to the demands by authorities at various levels for artistic solutions to contemporaneous socio-political problems. The subject of the study included the motivating factors in the selection of placement sites for the outstanding work of B.M. Iofan and V.I. Mukhina in the capital city. The article considers the scientific approach to the selection of sites for the placement of significant urban monuments on the basis of historical, cultural and architectural studies following the vector of spatial planning laid down in the General Plan for the Development of the City. The study combines general scientific methods of research (analysis, synthesis) with a number of specialised methods, such as system-structural, formal-logical, graphical virtual reconstruc-tion, complex research and others. Methodological approaches for studying the consequences of non-implementation of urban planning concepts and projects were developed. The result of the research is pre-sented by the proprietary development of approaches to adequate methods for determining the potential im-pact of major unimplemented urban planning projects on the formation of the capital of Russia on the exam-ple of the “Worker and Kolkoz Woman” pavilion.
Spatial tale of G-7 and BRICS stock markets during COVID-19: An event study
Authors: Ledwani Sanket , Chakraborty Suman , S. Shenoy Sandeep
Published: April 2021

The unprecedented outbreak of COVID-19 has affected every aspect of the human life, be it health, social, or economic dimensions. The anxiety and uncertainty wobbled the economies of affected countries worldwide. This study attempts to quantify the impact of COVID-19 on the performance of major stock markets of G-7 nations vis-à-vis BRICS nations. An event study methodology is employed to capture the effect of the systematic event in the form of Buy and Hold Abnormal Returns (BHAR) and Average Buy and Hold Abnormal Returns (ABHAR). The study considers a 90-day observation window, consisting of six sub-event windows after the COVID-19 news up-doves the world, and 120 days prior to the selected event date to estimate average expected returns. BHAR values in the four event windows are statistically significant, covering stock markets from panic and nosedive to their correction and recovery. ABHAR values reported are significantly negative in the event window ranging from –0.15% to –38.43% for G-7 and –0.06% to –37.12% for BRICS nations. Despite similar ABHAR trends, the BHAR values and correlation matrix exhibit a diverse reaction in BRICS nations compared to the highly synchronized reaction in the G-7 group of nations in the COVID period.
Practice guidelines for the treatment of arterial hypertension in the era of COVID-19: 2020 ISH global hypertension practice review
Authors:   Remedium, Vodovozov Alexey
Published: April 2021

Arterial hypertension (AH) remains one of the most urgent global health challenges. However, it added up to an equally dangerous challenge – COVID-19 in 2020. That is why the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) released the updated guidelines comprising the methods and drugs that had proven themselves to be the best in the recent randomized controlled trials. In some respects, they differ from the previously issued American and European guidelines, for example, in the very definition for hypertension, which blood pressure threshold should be considered high. However, all three documents are synchronous in terms of drug therapy: it is necessary to start administering antihypertensive drugs as early as possible and immediately use the most effective ones – inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) combined with other drugs that are chosen individually depending on the features of the course of hypertension in each individual patient. In addition, it has been found that RAS inhibitors have a positive effect on the course of COVID-19 in patients with hypertension, which only increased the relevance of the global consensus on hypertension therapy.
Implementation of the quality management system in the medical industry and assessment of its compliance with the requirements of the EAEU
Authors:   Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman, Moscow, Russia, Gertsik Yu.G. , Plutnitskiy A.N. ,   Russian State Research Center − Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Nizamova Eh.R. ,   Russian State Research Center − Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2021

The paper considers the main aspects and mechanisms of the quality management system implementation at the enterprises of the medical industry, their impact on the safety of circulation of medical devices in the territories of the Eurasian Economic Union member states. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions are drawn about the applicability and significance of the considered provisions of the quality management system. The aim of the work is to analyze the main provisions of the Federal Law “On Amendments to certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation on the circulation of medical devices” draft and the possibilities of their practical application. The draft of the law establishes that the production of medical devices, which are subject to state registration, must meet the requirements for the implementation, maintenance and evaluation of the quality management system of medical devices, depending on the potential risk of their usage, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. The following general scientific methods are used in the work: analysis and synthesis, system methods, as well as profile-economic, including controlling methods. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the generalization, analysis of the materials considered and in the formation of proposals for certain areas of implementation of the quality management system and conclusions on the development of integration in the medical industry of the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union as a result of the analysis.
Epidemiologial Survey on the Utilization of Insecticide Treated Mosquito Nets in Malaria Control among Gyadi-Gyadi Communities in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu Ahmad Salisu
Published: April 2021

Background: Malaria causes an overwhelmingly large number of cases and deaths round the globe every year. Insecticide treated mosquito nets (ITNs) have raised a renewed interest to serve as tools for malaria control in Africa. This survey was, therefore, designed to provide information about the knowledge, attitude and experience of the community about malaria as a disease and its preventive methods, particularly acceptability, affordability and compliance to the use of insecticide treated mosquito nets, and factors influencing its possession and utilization of ITNs among Gyadi-Gyadi communities in Kano, Nigeria. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gyadi-Gyadi from March 2019 to April 2019. Data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was performed to obtain the frequency distribution of the variables. Results: The result shows that 341 participants responded to the questionnaire. 64.5% of the respondents had heard about the mosquito net. 45% of the respondents in the survey reported the presence of at least one mosquito net in their households. 69.2% of the participants perceived fever, headache and chilling of the body as the main symptoms of malaria. Conclusion: The utilization of mosquito nets at the time of the study was very low. However, acceptability and willingness to use ITNs for malaria prevention was very high. It is recommended that communities should be strongly sensitized on the importance of ITNs for malaria control, and the availability and affordability should be insured.
Mitigating Strategies and its Challenges of COVID-19 Pandemic in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Bashir-Ud-Deen Oni, Olawale
Published: April 2021

Globally, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a major public health problem due to its high virulence associated with communities spreading with no definitive treatment and untimely death. Various perceptions have been associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assessed the perception of mitigating strategies and its challenges regarding COVID-19 among residents in Ogun State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study design using a multi-stage sampling technique was used to solicit information from 2400 respondents in Ogun State, Nigeria. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire from 4th to 15th October 2020. Descriptive statistics were employed for data analysis. Findings of this study revealed that avoidance of social gathering (23.5%), the use of face masks (23.3%), and cleaning of hands with sanitizer (22.7) were the most common mitigation strategies adopted by the respondents in the study area, although full adherence was low. The most strategies to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 were suggested by the respondents. These strategies included regular quarantining affected person(s), practicing basic measures, and going to the hospital with 21.5%, 20.6%, and 19.7% respectively. The results also showed that going to Churches and Mosques, inconvenient time of using face masks and restriction from social gathering and clubbing during COVID-19 pandemic were the most challenges faced in the study area. This study concludes that there should be more provision of medical supplies and palliatives for individuals, health education, the enforcement of preventive measures, and free testing and treatment should receive much recognition.
Sprawowanie władzy w instytutach życia konsekrowanego i stowarzyszeniach życia apostolskiego w świetle instrukcji „Posługa władzy i posłuszeństwo. Faciem tuam, Domine, requiram” z 2008 roku
Authors: Necel Wojciech
Published: April 2021

Das Gelübde des Gehorsams der Personen des konsekrierten Lebens durch das Gelübde oder andere Verpflichtungen als Geschenk des Heiligen Geistes (CIC c. 601) fordert die christologische Basis und das Verstehen in personaler sowie gemeinschaftlicher Dimension in Verbindung mit dem evangelischen Autorität von Oberen  in der Apostolatsperspektive im Dienst des Reichs Gottes. Die Instruktion  der Kongregation für die Institute des konsekrierten Lebens und die Vereine des apostolischen Lebens „Der Dienst der Macht und des Gehorsams, Faciem tuam, Domine, requiram“ vom 11. Mai 2008 bringt eine gute Möglichkeit, um durch das vorgeschlagene Dokument eine Relecture von Kodexnormen des Kodex Iuris Cannonici vom 1983 bezüglich der Ausübung der Macht durch die Oberen in Ordensgemeinschaften und in Vereinen des apostolischen Lebens vorzunehmen. Es ist wichtig anzumerken (das lernt die apostolische Kongregation), dass auch andere Personen abhängig vom Lebensstil von der Instruktion profitieren können. Allen Personen, die berufen sind das Primat Gottes zu bezeugen durch das freiwillige Erleben des in Freude erlebten eigenen „Ja“ hat die Instruktion etwas zu sagen. In diesem Artikel bezieht sich der Autor auf (bezugnehmend auf die Richtlinien des Dokuments) die christologischen Quellen der Macht der Oberen in Ordensinstituten und in Vereinen des apostolischen Lebens und auch auf die Macht der Oberen als eine Ableitung des Gelübdes des Gehorsams. Weiterer wird die Natur der Macht der Oberer beschrieben und die dreifache Funktion dieser Macht um zu zeigen, dass die endgültige Macht der Oberen in dem Ablesen der Wille Gottes bezüglich der anvertrauten Gemeinschaft sowie jedes einzelnen Bruder und Schwester und als potestas regimins anzusehen ist, die sich in Sorge um die Realisierung des Zieles, der aus dem Charisma des Institutes oder des Vereins des apostolischen Lebens ausdrückt.
Synody diecezji włocławskiej przed Soborem Trydenckim
Authors: Gręźlikowski Janusz
Published: April 2021

Synodal practice in Włocławek diocese in period before Trident Council has rich and interesting history. Synodal activity since the very beginning had been written into the life, activity and development of Włocławek’s Church and synods played very important ecclesial, legislative and organizational role for that local Church. Thanks to care, efforts and work of synodal legislators – Włocławek’s bishops as well as dispositions and orders included in synodal resolutions, religious, sacramental and disciplinary life was formed of the faithful clerical and secular people as well as organization and structures of diocese. Synodal statutes were basic reference point for the priesthood, administration and Church judicature. In period before Trident Council, calling and holding of at least twenty nine dioecesan and partial synods can be noted in Włocławek’s diocese. This number is probably a lot higher, especially if we are talking about the XIV-th century, but conquests of Teutonic Knights, the wars, annexations and unfavourable political conditions caused that news about synods and their statutes have not lasted till contemporary times. From twenty nine held synods of period before Trident Council, we know the redolutions of only ten of them. Not always are complete synodal statutes, because aften there ore only fragments of resolutions or letters of bishops calling the synod, or other documents presenting synodal orders. In the resolutions of synods held before Trident Council, synodal legislators undertook wide and important range of legislating, administration and judiciary cases, which they wanted to implement into the life of diocese. They were important instruments for Włocławek’s Church of that period, making management of large dioceses easier and more efficient, as well as they allowed bishops to introduce common and provincial law into life his dioceses, adopting in to local conditions. They created also a possibility to deal witch needs, which occurred in the diocese in relation to organization of church structures, religious life of the faithful secular people, task, rights, duties and discipline of priesthood, case connected with performing and taking the sacraments or managing the church prosperity. Their goal was also to watch over the purity of faith, announcing to the priesthood over the purity of faith, announcing to the priesthood the ordinance of The Holy See and resolutions of Provincial Synods as well own orders and instructions from diocese bishop, adjudicate especially complex or important disputes or especially official condemnation of faults or misdemeanours.
Regulamin Papieskiego Kolegium Polskiego w Rzymie z 1866 r. : (cel ustanowienia instytucji, zasady funkcjonowania, personel)
Authors: Stępień Marek
Published: April 2021

In the middle of the XIX century the founders the Congregation of Resurrectionist Fathers started the effort to create the Polish college in Rome. Besides many obstacles, The Pope Pius IX with decree from 9 March 1866 Polish Pontifical College was established in Rome. In the same year the detailed regulation was officially established. The Polish Pontifical College, was the institution acting under the auspices of The Pope Pius IX. Its aim was to prepare the candidates for priestly ordinations and for working on the territory inhabited by the population of Polish nationality. These territories at those times were under the annexation of Russia, Prussia and Austria. The Cardinal Protector watched over the functioning of the College with the assistance of the two deputes, whose duties were caring, observing if the rules of discipline are obeyed and dealing with the current administration of the College. The Rector could be nominated from the group of the priests from the Congregation of Resurrectionist Fathers, which meant the appreciation of the effort put into establishing the college and the role of The Congregation of Resurrectionist Fathers in its creating. The Regulation assumed the possibility of employing the numerous staff, which hierarchically and legally was supervised by the Cardinal Protector and the two priests deputes. Alumni were obliged to study philosophy, theology and law. Regulation of the Polish Pontifical College in 1866 was created according to the pattern of the Papal Regulation of the College Urbano in Rome. The content of these documents was almost identical. The minor differences were connected with the different aims of these institutions as well as the different hierarchical and legal subordinations. It seems that during the time of applying the rules of the Regulation from 1866 Polish Pontifical College fulfilled well the assumed aims and the tasks.
The religious vow of poverty in relation to an issue of ecclesiastical goods
Authors: DOMASZK ARKADIUSZ
Published: April 2021

Religious life is a testimony of faith and trust in God. It also proves the possibility of living and breathing spiritual values and having a healthy distance to the possession of material goods. A religious profession, which is very complex, causes consequences specified in canon law. A religious vow of poverty excludes religious’ independence in making various decisions, which could have reference to material goods. The subordination also concerns daily life of the community and the individual religious. The fundamental idea of the vow of poverty is common for professed temporarily, as well as perpetually. The distinction may result from different traditions of institutes.Religious institutes are public legal persons in the Church, therefore material goods belonging to them are according to canon law, ecclesiastical goods. In this context, there is an issue of relation between individual religious and Church property. When a particular religious holds a variety of functions and offices all the more his decisions relate to Church property. This applies mainly to religious superiors and stewards. Then, everything that a religious acquires or receives as: salary, donation, allowance or insurance, etc. is handed over to the institute, so at the same time becomes Church property. The decisions that he should or could take, and apply to assets held before the beginning of religious life, could potentially enrich the goods of the institute - only when his instructions concern waiving goods for the institute. Also it is applicable if his income from the property is donated to the order. Own religious law regulates matters of a relation between religious and material goods religious relations to material goods in detail.
Synthesis of Medicinally Relevant Scaffolds - Triazoles and Pyrazoles in Green Solvent Ionic Liquids
Authors: Phukan Parmita , Sarma Diganta
Published: April 2021

The use of natural and environment-friendly energy sources for the betterment of
the living society has become an active concern in both government and public sectors. Due
to this, responsible use of global resources has become a growing concern among people.
Similarly, in the chemical industry especially in pharmaceutical fields, there is constant pressure
in reducing hazardous organic solvents and environmentally detrimental laboratory materials.
The use of ionic liquids for the efficient synthesis of a wide array of fundamentally
important structural motifs has gained tremendous importance in the scientific era. In this
review, the synthesis of two such medicinally relevant moieties, namely, triazole and pyrazole,
in green and sustainable ionic liquid have been discussed.
NONO-TFE3 Fusion Promotes Aerobic Glycolysis and Angiogenesis by Targeting HIF1A in NONO-TFE3 Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Yi , Yang Lei , Liu Ning , Shi Qiancheng , Yin Xiaoqin , Han Xiaodong , Gan Weidong , Li Dongmei
Published: April 2021

Background:

NONO-TFE3 translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC), one of the RCCs
that are associated with Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 gene fusion (Xp11.2 tRCCs), involves an X
chromosome inversion between NONO and TFE3 with the characteristics of endonuclear aggregation
of NONO-TFE3 fusion protein. The oncogenic mechanisms of NONO-TFE3 fusion have not
yet been fully elucidated.

Objective:

This study aimed at investigating the mechanism of NONO-TFE3 fusion regulating
HIF1A as well as the role of HIF-1α in the progression of NONO-TFE3 tRCC under hypoxia.

Methods:

Immunohistochemistry and Western Blotting assays were performed to profile HIF-1α
expression in renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) or in Xp11.2 tRCC. Chromatin immunoprecipitation
(ChIP), a luciferase reporter assay, and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to
evaluate the regulation of HIF1A expression by NONO-TFE3 fusion. Then, the flow cytometry
analysis, tube formation assays, and cell migration assays were used as well as glucose or lactic
acid levels were measured to establish the impact of HIF-1α on the progression of NONO-TFE3 tRCC.
Besides, the effect of HIF-1α inhibitor (PX-478) on UOK109 cells was analyzed.

Results:

We found that HIF1A was the target gene of NONO-TFE3 fusion. In UOK109 cells,
which were isolated from NONO-TFE3 tRCC samples, NONO-TFE3 fusion promoted aerobic glycolysis
and angiogenesis by up-regulating the expression of HIF-1α under hypoxia. Furthermore,
the inhibition of HIF-1α mediated by PX-478 suppressed the development of NONO-TFE3 tRCC
under hypoxia.

Conclusion:

HIF-1α is a potential target for therapy of NONO-TFE3 tRCC under hypoxia.
Diagnostic Tools, Biomarkers, and Treatments in Diabetic polyneuropathy
and Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy
Authors: Bönhof Gidon J. , Herder Christian , Ziegler Dan
Published: April 2021

:

The various manifestations of diabetic neuropathy, including distal symmetric sensorimotor
polyneuropathy (DSPN) and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), are among the
most prevalent chronic complications of diabetes. Major clinical complications of diabetic neuropathies,
such as neuropathic pain, chronic foot ulcers, and orthostatic hypotension, are associated
with considerable morbidity, increased mortality, and diminished quality of life. Despite the substantial
individual and socioeconomic burden, the strategies to diagnose and treat diabetic neuropathies
remain insufficient. This review provides an overview of the current clinical aspects and recent
advances in exploring local and systemic biomarkers of both DSPN and CAN assessed in human
studies (such as biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress) for better understanding of
the underlying pathophysiology and for improving early detection. Current therapeutic options for
DSPN are (I) causal treatment, including lifestyle modification, optimal glycemic control, and multifactorial
risk intervention, (II) pharmacotherapy derived from pathogenetic concepts, and (III)
analgesic treatment against neuropathic pain. Recent advances in each category are discussed, including
non-pharmacological approaches, such as electrical stimulation. Finally, the current therapeutic
options for cardiovascular autonomic complications are provided. These insights should contribute
to a broader understanding of the various manifestations of diabetic neuropathies from both
the research and clinical perspectives.
Silicon Quantum Dots: Chemical, Physical Synthesis, and Applications in
Fluorescence Detection, Solar Cell, Photocatalyst, and Composite
Authors: Tong Wanzhe , Yin Qinhong , Fang Dong , Zeng Taofang , Yi Jianhong
Published: April 2021

:

Silicon quantum dots (Si QDs) with the unique properties in light, electricity, magnetism and heat possess the advantages of non-toxic, environmental protection and abundant reserves. They are widely used in various fields and have great potential for development. Till now, numerous researchers have reported the research progress of Si QDs, or elaborated the behavior mechanism. However, there are few summarization and comparison on the properties of quantum dot properties in different fields and different preparation methods. Besides, the parameters of Si QDs vary greatly in different application fields, which is worthy of comparison and summary. During the current work, we review the research progress and synthesis methods in recent years. The main influencing factors of Si QDs of different preparation methods (physical and chemical) and different application properties (fluorescence detection, solar cell, photocatalyst and composite) are compared and discussed in detail. Therefore, this paper aims to find promising preparation methods for different application fields, and to provide a clear direction for researchers to study Si QDs in different directions.
Proposal of a New Reference Point to Determine the Tibial Resection Depth during Total Knee Arthroplasty for Valgus Knees
Authors: Sugita Takehiko , Miyatake Naohisa , Miyamoto Seiya , Sasaki Akira , Maeda Ikuo , Kamimura Masayuki , Aizawa Toshimi
Published: April 2021

The tibial resection depth during total knee arthroplasty for valgus knees has been variously described and not been standardized yet. Accordingly, it has been proposed in this article, that the sulcus between the medial and lateral intercondylar tibial tubercles can be used as a reference point for the tibial resection depth. The resection can be performed 8 to 9 mm distal to the sulcus.
Thioacetamide-Induced Norepinephrine Production by Hepatocytes is Associated
with Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Tang Wei-Chien , Chang Ya-Wen , Che Mingtian , Wang Mei-Hui , Lai Keith K. , Fueger Patrick T. , Huang Wendong , Lin Shwu-Bin , Lai Keane K. Y.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Collagen production by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to encapsulate
injury is part of the natural wound-healing response in injured liver. However, persistent activation
of HSCs can lead to pathological fibrogenesis. Such persistent HSC activation could be mediated
by norepinephrine (NE), a reaction product of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH).

Objective:

To investigate the potential paracrine role of NE in hepatotoxin thioacetamide (TAA)-induced
liver fibrosis.

Methods:

In TAA-treated mice, fibrotic liver tissue showed significant increases in the mRNA expression
of DBH up to 14-fold and collagen up to 7-fold. Immunohistochemical staining showed increased
DBH protein expression in fibrotic liver tissue. Parenchymal hepatocyte cell line HepG2
expressed DBH and secreted NE, and the conditioned medium of HepG2 cells promoted collagenesis
in nonparenchymal HSC cell line LX-2. TAA treatment increased DBH expression by 170% in
HepG2 cells, as well as increased NE by 120% in the conditioned medium of HepG2 cells. The
conditioned medium of TAA-treated HepG2 cells was used to culture LX-2 cells, and was found to
increase collagen expression by 80% in LX-2 cells. Collagen expression was reduced by pre-treating
HepG2 cells with siRNA targeting DBH or by adding NE antagonists to the conditioned medium.

Results:

Finally, TAA-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells was associated with induction of
DBH expression. Collectively, our results suggest a potential role for DBH/NE-mediated crosstalk
between hepatocytes and HSCs in fibrogenesis.

Conclusion:

From a therapeutic standpoint, antagonism of DBH/NE induction in hepatocytes
might be a useful strategy to suppress pathological fibrogenesis.
Study of Thermal Conductivity in Two-dimensional Bi2Te3 from Micro- Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Singh Manavendra P. , Ryntathiang Sumarlang , Krishnan Sivarama , Nayak Pramoda K.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Topological insulator (TI), Bi2Te3 is a new class of quantum materials.
Having ultralow dissipation surface states, TIs hold great promise toward different potential applications.
Micro-Raman spectroscopy is a conventional and non-destructive technique, which has been
widely used to characterize the structural and electronic properties of thermoelectric materials.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to review power dependent and temperature dependent
Raman spectra of B2Te3 nanoflakes on SiO2/Si substrate to estimate the temperature coefficient and
thermal conductivity of these flakes for possible application of this material in thermoelectrics.

Methods:

Bi2Te3 flakes of different thicknesses were mechanically exfoliated from high-quality
bulk Bi2Te3 crystal using scotch tape on 300 nm SiO2/ Si substrates. The power dependent and temperature
dependent Raman spectra were acquired with the help of HORIBA LabRAM confocal micro-
Raman system in a backscattering geometry.

Result:

The observed power dependent and temperature dependent Raman spectra of Bi2Te3
nanoflakes follow the same trend as discussed in various pieces of literature. From temperature coefficient
and power coefficient values, the in-plane thermal conductivity has been estimated, which
is found to be in the order of 102 W/m-K. The enhancement in the thermal conductivity suggests that
the underlying substrate significantly affects the heat dissipation of the Bi2Te3 flake based on the
coupling strength with Bi2Te3.

Conclusion:

This work provides a good platform to understand the role of the substrate on the thermal
conductivity of exfoliated Bi2Te3 nanoflakes and this study can be extended to other substrates.
Effect of Sugar Substitution with Dates Puree (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on the Physical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Kefir Ice Cream
Authors: Arifan Fahmi , Rizqiati Heni , Hintono Antonius , Nurwantoro Nurwantoro , Susanti Siti , Sulistiyani Luthfiyah Nur
Published: April 2021

The sour taste of kefir ice cream is less attractive with consumers, so it is necessary to add sweeteners. Dates can be used as a natural sweetener in making kefir ice cream. The aims of this research is to determine the effect of sugar substitution with dates puree on overrun, melting rates, viscosity, pH value and organoleptic properties of kefir ice cream. The method used in this research was an experimental with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Overrun, melting rates, viscosity and pH values were analyzed by ANOVA test and followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test, meanwhile organoleptic characteristic were analyzed by Kruskall Wallis test and followed by Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that the substitution of sugar with dates puree as a sweetener had a significant effect (p<0.05) on overrun, melting rates, viscosity and pH value of kefir ice cream. Substitution of sugar with dates puree had a significant effect (p<0.05) on sweetness, sourness, brownish color and softness of kefir ice cream. The sugar substitution with dates puree 25%: 75% (T1) had the best overrun, melting rate as well as the organoleptic characteristic because it was able to reduce the sour taste of kefir ice cream
Role of Superoxide Dismutases (SODs) in Hypertensive Rats After Administration of Mango Mistletoe Methanolic Extract
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Malang, Jl. MT. Haryono 193, Malang, Suroyya Mariyam , Sjakoer Nour Athiroh ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Malang, Jl. MT. Haryono 193, Malang, Mubarakati Nurul ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Malang, Jl. MT. Haryono 193, Malang
Published: April 2021

Hypertension is a condition where there is an abnormal rise in blood pressure that may be the primary cause of cardiovascular disease. Hypertension induces the production of free radicals known as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to further examine the function of Dendropthoe pentandra as an endogenous antioxidant modulator in this case superoxide dismutase (SOD) in hypertensive rats.The testing approach used is experimental. Data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test and the Post Hoc test to see variations in SOD levels in different treatments. This research used a hypertensive rat model induced by deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and salt. The number of animals tested was 25 white male rats divided into 5 groups, each containing 5 rats.The group consisted of a control group, a group of non- Extract methanolic of mango mistletoe hypertensive rats, and three groups of hypertensive rats receiving mango mistletoe methanolic extract (EMBM) at dosages of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg body weight. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the levels of increased lung SOD with extract methanolic of mango mistletoe dosage variations in all treatment groups were not different. The administration of mango parasite methanolic extract at a dose of 50 mg / kgBW was optimum in increasing lung SOD levels in hypertensive rats.
Análisis de la generación de GEI en la cuenca del río Bogotá (Colombia) y un panorama comparativo entre las cuencas de las capitales de México y Perú
Authors: Cristancho Montenegro Diana Lucía , Rojas Bernal Jessica Estefanía , Bohórquez Mesa Juliana , Dueñas Escudero María Fernanda
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo consiste en una revisión sistemática sobre el impacto de las actividades económicas, las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales (PTAR) y los factores climáticos (temperatura y precipitación) en la emisión de gases efecto invernadero (GEI), enfocándose primero en la cuenca del río Bogotá y posteriormente realizando un análisis comparativo con las cuencas del Valle de México (México) y el río Rímac (Perú). Debido a que la principal contaminación de las cuencas está dada por descargas de aguas residuales, se han implementado las ptar para su mitigación. En esta investigación se presenta, el diagnóstico del estado actual de las (PTAR), análisis de los factores climatológicos y meteorológicos, además de las posibles afectaciones a nivel salud, aplicando la metodología del IPCC de 2006. En el caso de la cuenca del río Bogotá, la mayor generación de gei corresponde a CH4 (82,163 %) y N2O (76,059 %), siendo la cuenca media la que reporta mayores impactos, así: tratamiento mixto (45,1 %) con mayor influencia del cambio climático, actividades económicas industriales con alto impacto (70,17 %), factores climáticos como bajas temperaturas y precipitación media. De las cuencas del Valle de México, la cuenca baja reporta mayor impacto, así: tratamiento aerobio (62,11 %), actividades económicas comerciales (56,10 %), factores climáticos con una preferencia de temperatura y precipitaciones altas. De la cuenca del río Rímac, en Perú, la cuenca media reporta mayor impacto, así: tratamiento mixto (49,4 %), actividades económicas comerciales (59,2 %) y factores climáticos como precipitaciones y temperaturas altas. La validación de los datos anteriores fue confirmada con el inventario nacional de gei reportado por cada país, evidenciando que el tratamiento, el tipo de actividad económica y el clima son factores que influyen en la generación de gei. Además, se encontró que las enfermedades cardiovasculares son las afectaciones más recurrentes ocasionadas por la emisión de GEI.
Analysis of Mental Health Disease Trends Using BeGraph Software in Spanish Health Care Centers: Case Study
Authors: Góngora Alonso Susel , de Bustos Molina Andrés , Sainz-De-Abajo Beatriz , Franco-Martín Manuel , De la Torre Díez Isabel
Published: April 2021

Background

In the era of big data, networks are becoming a popular factor in the field of data analysis. Networks are part of the main structure of BeGraph software, which is a 3D visualization application dedicated to the analysis of complex networks.

Objective

The main objective of this research was to visually analyze tendencies of mental health diseases in a region of Spain, using the BeGraph software, in order to make the most appropriate health-related decisions in each case.

Methods

For the study, a database was used with 13,531 records of patients with mental health disorders in three acute medical units from different health care complexes in a region of Spain. For the analysis, BeGraph software was applied. It is a web-based 3D visualization tool that allows the exploration and analysis of data through complex networks.

Results

The results obtained with the BeGraph software allowed us to determine the main disease in each of the health care complexes evaluated. We noted 6.50% (463/7118) of admissions involving unspecified paranoid schizophrenia at the University Clinic of Valladolid, 9.62% (397/4128) of admissions involving chronic paranoid schizophrenia with acute exacerbation at the Zamora Hospital, and 8.84% (202/2285) of admissions involving dysthymic disorder at the Rio Hortega Hospital in Valladolid.

Conclusions

The data analysis allowed us to focus on the main diseases detected in the health care complexes evaluated in order to analyze the behavior of disorders and help in diagnosis and treatment.
Effectiveness of eHealth Nutritional Interventions for Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Robert Caroline , Erdt Mojisola , Lee James , Cao Yuanyuan , Naharudin Nurhazimah Binte , Theng Yin-Leng
Published: April 2021

Background

The risk of development of chronic diseases related to poor nutrition increases with age. In the face of an aging population, it is important for health care sectors to find solutions in delivering health services efficiently and effectively to middle-aged and older adults.

Objective

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to consolidate the literature that reported the effectiveness of eHealth apps in delivering nutritional interventions for middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

A literature search from five databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Global Health) from the past 5 years was performed. Studies were selected for inclusion that used eHealth to deliver nutritional interventions to adults aged 40 years and above, and reported health and behavioral outcomes. Two independent reviewers searched for research articles and assessed the eligibility of studies to be included in the review. A third reviewer resolved disagreements on study inclusion. We also assessed the quality of the included studies using the CONSORT 2010 checklist.

Results

A total of 70 studies were included for analysis. The study quality ranged from 44% to 85%. The most commonly used eHealth intervention type was mobile apps (22/70, 31%). The majority of studies (62/70, 89%) provided multicomponent health interventions, which aimed to improve nutrition and other health behaviors (eg, exercise, smoking cessation, medication adherence). Meta-analysis results indicated high and significant heterogeneity; hence, conclusions based on these results should be considered with caution. Nonetheless, the results generally showed that eHealth interventions improved anthropometric and clinical outcomes, but not behavioral outcomes such as fruit and vegetable consumption.

Conclusions

The use of eHealth apps to deliver health interventions has been increasing in recent years, and these apps have the potential to deliver health services to a larger group of people. Our findings showed that the effectiveness of eHealth apps to deliver health interventions for middle-aged to older adults was supported by the improvement of anthropometric and clinical outcomes. Future work could aim to develop research frameworks in administering eHealth interventions to address heterogeneity in this field of research.
Neural Network–Based Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Profile Compensation for Glaucoma Diagnosis in Myopia: Model Development and Validation
Authors: Li Lei , Zhu Haogang , Zhang Zhenyu , Zhao Liang , Xu Liang , Jonas Rahul A , Garway-Heath David F , Jonas Jost B , Wang Ya Xing
Published: April 2021

Background

Due to the axial elongation–associated changes in the optic nerve and retina in high myopia, traditional methods like optic disc evaluation and visual field are not able to correctly differentiate glaucomatous lesions. It has been clinically challenging to detect glaucoma in highly myopic eyes.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a neural network to adjust for the dependence of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (RNFLT) profile on age, gender, and ocular biometric parameters and to evaluate the network’s performance for glaucoma diagnosis, especially in high myopia.

Methods

RNFLT with 768 points on the circumferential 3.4-mm scan was measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. A fully connected network and a radial basis function network were trained for vertical (scaling) and horizontal (shift) transformation of the RNFLT profile with adjustment for age, axial length (AL), disc-fovea angle, and distance in a test group of 2223 nonglaucomatous eyes. The performance of RNFLT compensation was evaluated in an independent group of 254 glaucoma patients and 254 nonglaucomatous participants.

Results

By applying the RNFL compensation algorithm, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for detecting glaucoma increased from 0.70 to 0.84, from 0.75 to 0.89, from 0.77 to 0.89, and from 0.78 to 0.87 for eyes in the highest 10% percentile subgroup of the AL distribution (mean 26.0, SD 0.9 mm), highest 20% percentile subgroup of the AL distribution (mean 25.3, SD 1.0 mm), highest 30% percentile subgroup of the AL distribution (mean 24.9, SD 1.0 mm), and any AL (mean 23.5, SD 1.2 mm), respectively, in comparison with unadjusted RNFLT. The difference between uncompensated and compensated RNFLT values increased with longer axial length, with enlargement of 19.8%, 18.9%, 16.2%, and 11.3% in the highest 10% percentile subgroup, highest 20% percentile subgroup, highest 30% percentile subgroup, and all eyes, respectively.

Conclusions

In a population-based study sample, an algorithm-based adjustment for age, gender, and ocular biometric parameters improved the diagnostic precision of the RNFLT profile for glaucoma detection particularly in myopic and highly myopic eyes.