bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review on Biology, Status, and Medicinal Importance of Echinochloa colona L.
Authors: Bohara Bhuwan , Oli Sarita , Kafle Binod , Thapa Kusum , Bohara Menuka
Published: May 2024

Echinochloa colona L., commonly known as jungle rice, is a pervasive weed that poses significant challenges to agricultural productivity worldwide. This review explores the comprehensive aspects of the weed, including its biology, ecological status, and intriguing medicinal properties. As a C4 grass species, E. colona L. adapts well to diverse environmental conditions, leading to its wider spread distribution and adverse impact on crop yields. The review begins by delving into the weeds’ morphological and physiological characteristics, shedding light on its life cycle, growth habits, and reproductive mechanisms. The ecological status selection provides insights into E. colona L. global distribution, its impact on different crops, and the mechanisms that contribute to its resilience and adaptability. In addition to its role as a notorious weed, E. colona L. harbors medicinal properties that have been conventionally recognized in various cultures. The review explores the ethnobotanical uses of E. colona L., emphasizing its potential therapeutic benefits. Phytochemical analyses reveal the presence of bioactive compounds with antioxidants and exploration of its medicinal applications. Despite its weed status, understanding the ecological and biological aspects of E. colona L. is crucial for developing effective management strategies. Furthermore, recognizing the medicinal potential of this weed may offer alternative perspectives, fostering research into sustainable uses that could benefit both agriculture and human health. This comprehensive review provides a valuable resource for researchers, agronomists, and pharmacologists, guiding future studies aimed at harnessing the full potential of E. colona L.
Retrospective Drug Utilization Review of Antibiotics used in a Government Hospital in Kedah, Malaysia
Authors: Jean Chew Yi , Thamby Sam Aaseer , Balasubramanian Ganesh Pandian , Paruchuri Sireesha
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Antibiotics are produced by certain microorganisms that kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. Evaluation of antibiotic prescribing pattern (s) is significant because this can promote proper prescribing and use of the antibiotics. The objective of this study is to conduct a retrospective drug utilization study of antibiotics from the preceding 2 years.

Methodology:

A retrospective exploratory cross-sectional observation survey was done for a period of 2 semesters, covering the preceding 2 years. A total 110 relevant data were obtained from the case sheets clerked by senior students during the past 2 years during their hospital and clinical pharmacy posting. The case sheets that met the prespecified inclusion criteria were keyed in into the predesigned data collection forms. The data coding was performed for each data from different categories.

Results:

In this study, 37.3% and 62.7% of the patients prescribed with antibiotic were male and female, respectively. Most of the cases were from pediatric population (30.9%) (Chi-square test deemed significant; P < 0.05). Maximum cases were from the Malay ethnic group (67.3%) (Chi-square test deemed significant; P < 0.05). The most commonly prescribed antibiotics were penicillins (48.0%), followed by cephalosporins (33.3%); Unasyn (14.2%), cefuroxime (11.8%). The antibiotics were used most commonly as empirical therapy for most infectious conditions, especially pneumonia.

Conclusion:

The usage of antibiotics was in accordance with the national antibiotic guidelines. However, it was impossible to ascertain the appropriateness of the antibiotics prescribed with regard to the indications and other parameters as the data were obtained from the retrospective data, which is secondary source.
Panoramic Radiography in the Evaluation of the Relationship of Maxillary Molar Teeth and Maxillary Sinuses on the Deep Learning Models Improved with the Findings Obtained by Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Kadan EA , Kiliç R , Miloğlu Ö , Özbek İY , Oral EA
Published: May 2024

Background:

Panoramic radiography (PR) is available to determine the contact relationship between maxillary molar teeth (MMT) and the maxillary sinus floor (MSF). However, as PRs do not provide clear and detailed anatomical information, advanced imaging methods can be used.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of deep learning (DL) applications that assess the relationship of the MSF to the first maxillary molar teeth (fMMT) and second maxillary molar teeth (sMMT) on PRs with data confirmed by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods:

A total of 2162 fMMT and sMMT were included in this retrospective study. The contact relationship of teeth with MSF was compared among DL methods.

Results:

DL methods, such as GoogLeNet, VGG16, VGG19, DarkNet19, and DarkNet53, were used to evaluate the contact relationship between MMT and MSF, and 85.89% accuracy was achieved by majority voting. In addition, 88.72%, 81.19%, 89.39%, and 83.14% accuracy rates were obtained in right fMMT, right sMMT, left fMMT, and left sMMT, respectively.

Conclusion:

DL models showed high accuracy values in detecting the relationship of fMMT and sMMT with MSF.
The Relationship Between Controlling Nutritional Assessment Score and Mortality in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome: A Retrospective Study from Türkiye
Authors: Tiryaki MM , Emren SV , Gursoy MO , Kiris T , Esin F , Esen S , Karaca M , Nazli C
Published: May 2024

Background:

Controlling Nutritional Assessment (CONUT) score has been shown to have a higher predictive value compared to other nutritional scores in acute coronary syndrome.

Aim:

To determine the relationship between CONUT score and long-term mortality in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS).

Methods:

Between 2017 and 2020, 585 consecutive patients newly diagnosed and proven to have CCS by coronary angiography were included in the study. CONUT score and demographic and laboratory data of all patients were evaluated. The relationship between results and mortality was evaluated.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 64 years and 75% were male. Mortality was observed in 56 (9.6%) patients after a median follow-up period of 3.5 years. The median CONUT score was significantly higher in patients with mortality (P < 0.001). In multivariate regression analysis, the CONUT score was associated with mortality (Hazard ratio (HR): 1.63 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34–1.98 P < 0.001)). The area under curve (AUC) for long-term mortality estimation for the CONUT score was 0.75 (95% CI 0.67–0.82 P < 0.001). When the CONUT score value was accepted as 0.5, the sensitivity was 78% and the specificity was 60

%. Conclusion:

CONUT score was found to be predictive of mortality in long-term follow-up of patients with CCS.
Microplastics: A One Health priority agenda
Authors: Biswas Ripan , Debnath Chanchal , Barua Rahul , Samanta Indranil
Published: May 2024

Interdisciplinary approaches are increasingly recognized as crucial for strengthening and integrating health systems. The implementation within One Health framework needs more guidelines for successful execution. Microplastics have become a growing environmental concern, as they are collectively found in all environmental sectors. Microplastics pose risks to crops, plants, animals, wildlife and human due to the persistence and bio-accumulative properties. Microplastics are directly and indirectly associated with climate change, not only threatening food security but also leading to the novel distribution of species that may transmit new pathogens. This article focused on the ubiquitous presence of microplastics in One Health, highlighting the necessity for further research and implementation efforts.
Utilizing Obstructive Sleep Apnea Knowledge and Attitude Questionnaire and Investigating Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Current Medical Undergraduates’ Concept
Authors: Alotaibi Lujain Bandar , Alotaibi Abdulrahman Bandar , Alkholaiwi Feras Mohammed
Published: May 2024

Objectives:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common sleep disorders in the world, but despite this, it is underdiagnosed and untreated. Given that sleep problems may be modifiable risk factors for adverse health outcomes, this study aimed to assess Saudi medical students’ perception toward OSA.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing a self-administered OSA Knowledge and Attitude questionnaire among medical students from seven universities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between July 2022 and November 2022.

Results:

A total of 346 participants were included. 47.7% were male. The knowledge score ranged from 0 to 17 with an average knowledge score of 7.59 ± 3.68, and the knowledge score was normally distributed. Respondents who did not know the answer were 50% or greater in nine questions. None of the included respondents answered all questions correctly. The percentage of correct answers ranged from 7.8% to 66.8%. Two-thirds of the respondents knew that most OSA patients snore and overnight sleep study is the gold standard to diagnose OSA, while only 7.8% knew that laser-assisted uvuloplasty is an appropriate treatment for severe OSA. Gender, grade point average, and university showed no significant difference in terms of knowledge.

Conclusion:

The knowledge of medical students at Riyadh universities regarding the diagnosis and treatment of OSA was away from optimal. The reported lack of understanding of OSA may contribute to the underdiagnosis of this illness, which is becoming more common.
Do urinary tract infections affect the rate of periprosthetic joint infections in patients who underwent arthroplasty surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hengky Antoninus , Tandry Malvin , Pratama Kevin Gracia , Pauliana Pauliana , Kusumajaya Christopher , Guatama Astrawinata
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a significant issue in orthopedic surgery. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) have been identified as potential causes of PJI; however, evidence is inconclusive. Understanding these relationships is critical for improving therapy and patient outcomes. A systematic review was performed by conducting searches from PubMed, EBSCO, ProQuest, and manual searching with adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2020 guideline. Studies that reported UTI/ASB and PJI were included. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model using RevMan 5.4 software. A total of 14 studies were included with UTIs and ASB showed an overall association with increased risk of PJI (odds ratio [OR]: 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–2.99, P = 0.01). However, subgroup analysis for UTIs and ASB was not significant. Further analysis of UTIs in total hip arthroplasty (THA) surgery showed a significant association (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.57-1.96) with PJI. Preoperative UTIs timing between 0 and 2 weeks before surgery showed an increased risk of PJI (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.35–1.55). Antibiotic treatment in ASB did not significantly impact PJI rates. Urine and PJI sample cultures in four studies showed no correlation of microorganisms between the two sites. According to recent evidence, a statistically significant association was found between UTIs and PJI in patients who underwent THA surgery. However, ASB did not yield significant results in relation to PJI. These results should be supported by larger and well-designed studies to make proper clinical suggestion in future. For further research, it is recommended to adopt standardized criteria for outcome measurement and to involve larger sample sizes to enhance the reliability and generalizability of findings.
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12―C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 signaling axis in cancer and the development of chemotherapeutic molecules
Authors: Yen Jui-Hung , Chang Chun-Chun , Hsu Hao-Jen , Yang Chin-Hao , Mani Hemalatha , Liou Je-Wen
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Chemokines are small, secreted cytokines crucial in the regulation of a variety of cell functions. The binding of chemokine C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) (stromal cell-derived factor 1) to a G-protein-coupled receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) triggers downstream signaling pathways with effects on cell survival, proliferation, chemotaxis, migration, and gene expression. Intensive and extensive investigations have provided evidence suggesting that the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis plays a pivotal role in tumor development, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, as well as in creating tumor microenvironment, thus implying that this axis is a potential target for the development of cancer therapies. The structures of CXCL12 and CXCR4 have been resolved with experimental methods such as X-ray crystallography, NMR, or cryo-EM. Therefore, it is possible to apply structure-based computational approaches to discover, design, and modify therapeutic molecules for cancer treatments. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the roles played by the CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling axis in cellular functions linking to cancer progression and metastasis. This review also provides an introduction to protein structures of CXCL12 and CXCR4 and the application of computer simulation and analysis in understanding CXCR4 activation and antagonist binding. Furthermore, examples of strategies and current progress in CXCL12-CXCR4 axis-targeted development of therapeutic anticancer inhibitors are discussed.
Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the progression, prevalence, and incidence of myopia: A systematic review
Authors: Au Eong Jonathan T. W. , Chen Krystal S. , Teo Benjamin H. K. , Lee Samantha S. Y. , Au Eong Kah-Guan
Published: May 2024

We systematically reviewed the literature on the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the progression, prevalence, and incidence of myopia. A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus databases. Studies included in the review assessed myopia progression, prevalence, and/or incidence as the primary outcome. Of 523 articles yielded in the initial search, 23 studies (6 cross-sectional and 17 cohort) were eligible for inclusion. Sixteen of these were conducted in China and one each in Hong Kong, Turkey, Spain, Israel, India, Korea, and Tibet. Quality appraisals were conducted with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists. Of the included studies, a large majority reported a greater myopic shift and increase in myopia prevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-COVID-19 years. All three studies on myopia incidence showed increased incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic. Myopia progression accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, even in individuals using low-concentration atropine eye drops in two studies but not in those using orthokeratology treatment in one study. Overall, the studies found that the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated home confinement measures generally increased myopia progression, prevalence, and incidence, even in individuals using low-concentration atropine eye drops.
Basic life support: knowledge, attitudes, and practices among primary health care providers in Egypt
Authors: Elhak Lamiaa FA , Zayed Hanaa A , Elshrbiny Ali A , Shihab Nihal S
Published: May 2024

Background

Basic life support (BLS) is a part of emergency medical care. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and knowledge among junior doctors are topics of vital importance.

Aim

To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices of BLS and to study some of their determinants among primary health care providers (HCPs) in Egypt.

Patient and methods

This cross-sectional study was carried out on 240 primary HCPs. All participants were subjected to a self-administered questionnaire, which included sociodemographic data and questions for assessing knowledge, attitudes, and practices of BLS.

Results

Most of participants had average (61.3 and 46.7%) and poor (37.5 and 51.7%) levels of knowledge and practices of BLS, respectively, and only 1.3 and 1.7% of them had good levels. All participants had positive attitude toward BLS. There was a significant association between job categories, work shift, and previous training course about BLS and levels of knowledge (P<0.001, P=0.001, P=0.005) respectively. There was a statistically significant association between job categories and levels of practices (P<0.001). The total score of knowledge and job categories was considered a significant predictors for practices of BLS among the studied primary HCPs with effect of 42.7%.

Conclusions

Most participants had average and poor levels of knowledge and practices of BLS. All participants had positive attitude. Age and job categories affect significantly the level of their knowledge and practices. The total score of knowledge and job categories was considered a significant predictor for practices of BLS.
Perceptions of Barriers to Addressing Pharmaceutical Stockout in Timor-Leste
Authors: Camnahas Lourenço , Willis Eileen , Dettwiller Pascale , Shipman Jessica
Published: May 2024

Background:

Since 2005, stockout of pharmaceuticals has been a constant issue at all health services in Timor-Leste (TL).

Aim:

This study identifies factors that contribute to the ongoing pharmaceutical stockout as perceived by various stakeholders.

Methods:

A mixed-method approach was implemented, including face-to-face interviews with 46 Timorese health professionals involved in the pharmaceutical supply chain, along with documentational review and analysis. The field study was conducted in four locations (Dili, Liquiça, Aileu, and Ermera) from July to October 2018. This paper draws on qualitative accounts of participants' perceptions, which were investigated through an interview schedule in the Tetum language, with transcripts translated into English for analysis.

Results:

The responses gathered were consistent among various groups of employees. Perceptions of stakeholder views on factors contributing to pharmaceutical stockout were identified. These included issues such as poor coordination, failure to adhere to policy guidelines, significant difficulties, and lack of knowledge with inventory management, quantification, forecasting, and budgetary constraints. A weak logistic management information system and a lack of capacity in inventory management resulted in a lack of reliable data. Other factors, such as political intervention, work ethics and lack of basic infrastructure, such as internet connectivity, were also reported by participants.

Conclusion:

The findings highlighted that there are multiple factors contributing to the ongoing pharmaceutical stockout. This may be addressed by implementing more culturally appropriate education and training on forecasting methods.
Lessons from COVID-19 Pandemic and Social Psychiatry
Authors: Murthy R. Srinivasa
Published: May 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic of the last 2 years has changed everything about life. There is wide recognition that following the pandemic, the world will be a different place than it was. The social factors have come to the forefront with regard to the vulnerabilities to infection, severity of illness, access to medical care, hospitalization, intensive care unit care, mortality, post-COVID complications, and work and social lives. The pandemic has held a mirror to the social situations of countries and communities. It also provides opportunities for the application of principles and practices of social psychiatry to build resilience of individuals, families, and communities.
Psychiatric and Substance Use Comorbidities among People who Inject Drugs in India
Authors: Saini Romil , Parmar Arpit , Rao Ravindra , Mishra Ashwani Kumar , Ambekar Atul , Agrawal Alok
Published: May 2024

Background:

People who Inject Drugs (PWID) show higher rates of comorbid psychiatric illnesses than the general population. We aimed to assess the rates of different psychiatric disorders and substance dependence among PWID in the state of Delhi, India.

Methods:

We conducted a community-based, cross-sectional study interviewing 104 adult male participants receiving various harm reduction and HIV prevention services. A semi-structured questionnaire assessed socio-demographics, drug use and injecting patterns, and opioid overdose experience. Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview Version 7.0.2 (for screening and diagnosing major psychiatric disorders), World Health Organization-Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test for the pattern of other psychoactive substance use were used.

Results:

The mean age of participants was 27.9 years. The predominant opioid injected in the last 1 year was heroin. About 52% of participants had at least one psychiatric illness during their lifetime. Antisocial personality disorder (25%) was the most common psychiatric illness followed by suicidality (23.1%). About 23.1% had more than one psychiatric comorbidity other than substance use disorder. Being unskilled (χ
2 = 11.39; P = 0.03), having early mean age of tobacco onset (t = −2.416; P = 0.02), longer duration of tobacco (t = 2.033; P = 0.04), alcohol (t = 2.204; P = 0.03) use, less abstinent attempts for opioid use (χ
2 = 5.003; P = 0.03), longer duration of injecting drug use (t-test = 2.437; P = 0.02), higher vein-related complications (χ
2 = 9.27; P = 0.02), high HIV positivity rate (χ
2 = 8.54; P = 0.01), and high rates of nonfatal opioid overdose over lifetime (χ
2 = 4.87; P = 0.03) were significantly associated with having lifetime psychiatric illness.

Conclusion:

Our study found high rates of psychiatric illnesses and the use of other psychoactive substances among PWID from India. There is an urgent need to incorporate mental health services into the existing HIV prevention services directed at PWID in India.
Rethinking Recovery in Mental Illness - Integrating Physical and Mental Health
Authors: Muliyala Krishna Prasad , Murthy Pratima
Published: May 2024

Multimorbidity is the co-occurrence of more than one chronic condition. Multimorbidity is likely to rapidly rise in the lower- and middle-income countries (LAMICs). Multimorbidity involving noncommunicable diseases and mental illness negatively impacts the quality of life and clinical recovery in both conditions. Most health systems and programs cater to single diseases. In this article, we discuss the extent of the problem, potential challenges, and opportunities with focus on LAMIC exemplified by India. Integration of care is required in the context of multimorbidity. These can be provided in the existing national programs in India. Service provision needs to become personal recovery oriented. Service users should be engaged in the development of services and research in this area. Existing models emphasize on self-management/self-care and provider–patient partnership. These need to be adapted and tested for feasibility in LAMIC.
Disability Attributed to Mental Disorders in China
Authors: Huang Yueqin , Liu Zhaorui , Liu Yuntao , Ji Ning , Zhang Tingting , Wang Yongshi , Wu Wenlei , Li Yang
Published: May 2024

Objectives:

The objective of the study was to describe the prevalence and characteristics of disabilities attributed to mental disorders and their distributions in China, and to explore the determinants of disabilities attributed to the mental disorders.

Methods:

The current study is secondary data analysis for the Second National Sample Survey on Disability. The determinants of disability were assessed by applying the univariate and multivariable regression analysis.

Results:

Among 2,526,145 participants sampled in the survey, 15,928 participants were diagnosed as having disabilities attributed to mental disorders. The prevalence of disability attributed to mental disorders was 0.63%. Among 46,886 participants with single physical disability, 446 had comorbid mental disability, and the rate of physical disability with comorbid mental disability was 0.94%. The risk factors associated with coexisting mental disability in persons with physical disability included female gender, 30–44 and 45–59 years age groups, being unmarried, widowed or divorced, and urban background. Schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, and mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance were the main disorders associated with mental disability.

Conclusions:

Disabilities attributed to mental disorders in China should receive more attention. It is important to treat mental disorders for preventing the associated disability and develop related rehabilitation in China.
Stratified Treatment in Pediatric Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: Result of a Prospective Open-Label Multiple-Institution Study
Authors: Chen Tingting , Zeng Chenggong , Wang Juan , Sun Feifei , Huang Junting , Zhu Jia , Lu Suying , Liao Ning , Zhang Xiaohong , Chen Zaisheng , Yuan Xiuli , Yang Zhen , Guo Haixia , Yang Liangchun , Wen Chuan , Zhang Wenlin , Li Yang , Luo Xuequn , Wu Zelin , Yang Lihua , Liu Riyang , Zheng Mincui , He Xiangling , Sun Xiaofei , Zhen Zijun
Published: May 2024

Purpose The risk stratification of pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been standardized. In this study, new risk factors were included to establish a new risk stratification system for ALCL, and its feasibility in clinical practice was explored.Materials and Methods On the basis of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster 95 (NHL-BFM-95) protocol, patients with minimal disseminated disease (MDD), high-risk tumor site (multiple bone, skin, liver, and lung involvement), and small cell/lymphohistiocytic (SC/LH) pathological subtype were enrolled in risk stratification. Patients were treated with a modified NHL-BFM-95 protocol combined with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor or vinblastine (VBL).Results A total of 136 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 8.8 years. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of the entire cohort were 77.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.0% to 83.9%) and 92.3% (95% CI, 86.1% to 95.8%), respectively. The 3-year EFS rates of low-risk group (R1), intermediate-risk group (R2), and high-risk group (R3) patients were 100%, 89.5% (95% CI, 76.5% to 95.5%), and 67.9% (95% CI, 55.4% to 77.6%), respectively. The prognosis of patients with MDD (+), stage IV cancer, SC/LH lymphoma, and high-risk sites was poor, and the 3-year EFS rates were 45.3% (95% CI, 68.6% to 19.0%), 65.7% (95% CI, 47.6% to 78.9%), 55.7% (95% CI, 26.2% to 77.5%), and 70.7% (95% CI, 48.6% to 84.6%), respectively. At the end of follow-up, one of the five patients who received maintenance therapy with VBL relapsed, and seven patients receiving anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor maintenance therapy did not experience relapse.Conclusion This study has confirmed the poor prognostic of MDD (+), high-risk site and SC/LH, but patients with SC/LH lymphoma and MDD (+) at diagnosis still need to receive better treatment (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03971305).
From many-body quantum dynamics to the Hartree–Fock and Vlasov equations with singular potentials
Authors: Chong Jacky J. , Lafleche Laurent , Saffirio Chiara
Published: May 2024

In a combined mean-field and semiclassical regime, we consider the time evolution of

N

fermions interacting through singular pair interaction potentials of the form

\pm |x-y|^{-a}

, which includes the Coulomb and gravitational interactions. We prove that the many-body dynamics of mixed states are well approximated by solutions of the Hartree–Fock and Vlasov equations in terms of Schatten norms. The errors in these approximations are expressed in terms of the expected number of particles,

N

, and the Planck constant,

h

. For cases where

a\in(0,1/2)

, we obtain local-in-time results when

N^{-1/2}\ll h \leq N^{-1/3}

. Notably, this leads to the derivation of the Vlasov equation with singular potentials. For cases where

a\in[1/2,1]

, our results hold only within a small time scale or require an

N

-dependent cut-off. A fundamental ingredient in our analysis is the propagation of regularity for solutions to the Hartree–Fock equation uniformly in the Planck constant, which holds for

a\in(0,1]

.
Barkhausen Noise Inspection for Detecting Grinding Burns in High Strength Steel Parts
Authors:   AMS K Non Destructive Methods and Processes Committee
Published: May 2024

This recommended practice establishes the requirements and procedures for Barkhausen Noise (BN) inspection of ferromagnetic steel components. See Appendix B for a list of common materials for BN inspection. Applications of the method are listed in 1.2 through 1.5.
Charge Air Cooler Internal Cleanliness, Leakage, and Nomenclature
Authors:   Cooling Systems Standards Committee
Published: May 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice provides test methods and criteria for evaluating the internal cleanliness and air leakage for engine charge air coolers. This SAE Recommended Practice also provides nomenclature and terminology in common use for engine charge air coolers, related charge air cooling system components, and charge air cooling system operational performance parameters.
Problemy opracowania akt miejskich na przykładzie akt miasta Pabianic
Authors: Pawełczyk-Dura Kamila
Published: May 2024

Description is one of the pillars of archival activity. It is supported by the multistage schemes of description, the methodological rules and experience of generations of archivists. However, it is hampered by the nature of the records, mainly the manner of its preparation, specific to a given historical period and the way of archiving. These factors are emphazed in the description of municipal records in general and the Records of the town Pabianice in particular – methodologically interesting archival constructs that are the subject of this paper.
Dualny charakter zatrudnienia dyrektora instytutu Sieci Badawczej Łukasiewicz
Authors: Wieczorek Mariusz
Published: May 2024

The directors of Łukasiewicz Research Network institutes and their deputies are both the employees of a Network institute and individuals hired under management contracts. The legislator has selected this dual employment model involving two legal relationships. One is a relationship of employment based on appointment, the other a civil relationship of employment based on a contract of Network institute management. The employment model of a Network institute director is opposed to the view, established in the doctrine and judicial decisions, which treats as unacceptable using two grounds for work of the same type. The directors of Network institutes discharge their duties under their appointment, which involve management in the sense prescribed by not only labour legislation but also management sciences. As a result, it should be recognised there are no activities that could form the object of a civil contract to manage a Łukasiewicz Research Network institute. This suggests a need to amend the Łukasiewicz Research Network Act in such a way as to repeal the provisions stipulating institute management contracts.
Nonlinear Effects of Climate Policy Uncertainty on Carbon Allowance and ESG Prices: Evidence From the US
Authors: Sarker Provash Kumer
Published: May 2024

We examine the nonlinear effects of climate policy uncertainty (CPU) on California carbon allowance prices (CCA) and S&P 500 ESG stock prices (SPESG). We used the nonlinear ARDL method on monthly data from December 2013 to August 2022. Using inflation uncertainty and WTI oil prices as control variables, we found that increases in CPU positively affect carbon allowance and ESG stock prices in the short and long term.
Environmental Policy and Environmental R&D in the Private Sector: New Evidence on the “Narrow” Porter Hypothesis
Authors: Herzer Dierk
Published: May 2024

We examine the impact of the stringency of market-based and non-market-based environmental policies on private-sector environmental R&D expenditures. We find that the stringency of market-based environmental policies has a positive and statistically significant impact on environmental R&D expenditures in the private sector. In contrast, the stringency of non-market-based environmental policies is statistically insignificant. Thus, our findings provide evidence supporting the “narrow” Porter hypothesis.
Probing the Interplay Between Climate Change and Global Energy Security: Insights From Nonlinear Analysis
Authors: Alehile Kehinde S. , Ebeh Joy Eleojo , Sani Idris Ahmed , Opaluwa Haruna Ibrahim
Published: May 2024

Motivated by the adverse effects of climate change on human well-being, this study investigated the influence of climate change on energy security. Employing a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) approach, the study encompasses the timeframe from 1970 to 2022. The empirical findings unveil a harmful effect of climate change on energy security in the long term and present a varied impact in the short term.
Jezik, komunikacija i mediji
Authors: Sefo Mustafa
Published: May 2024

Jezik je sistem koji omogućava ljudima komunikaciju. U namjeri da potiče razmjenu informacija među pojedincima, jezik ima dvostruku funkciju – komunikaciju među ljudima i simbolizaciju ideje znakom. Naša civilizacija je proizvod jezika, usmenog i pisanog govora. Pojava slikovnih medija, poput fotografije, kina, televizije, videa ili stripa, riskira prevrtanje krhke ravnoteže uspostavljene verbalizacijom između instinktivnog i racionalnog. Slika izaziva, ali ništa ne produbljuje. Izgovorena riječ strukturira iskustvo, omogućava subjektu da se distancira od njega kako bi ga integrirao, probavio i stekao. Govor, odnosno artikulirani izraz misli riječima, glavni je element jezika. Jezik je individualiziran, utjelovljen, stavljen u danu situaciju. Donekle je izgubljena iz vida bitna civilizacijska uloga govora kada je počeo puhati vjetar masovne tehnologije. Sa slikama koje definiraju novi jezik, tehnike su dale nova sredstva. Napori medijskih stručnjaka stoga su mnogo više fokusirani na istraživanje tehničkih aspekata i novih mogućnosti koje nudi tehnologija, nego na artikulaciju pratećeg diskursa. Već spomenuta McLuhanova izreka „Medij je poruka“ potisnula je važnost govora. Fenomen je, osim toga, univerzalan: Strogost artikulacije verbalnog diskursa posvuda opada.
Magnesium Utilization in Dolomite Rocks by Struvite Precipitation in an Insulated Column Reactor
Authors: Edahwati L , Sutiyono S , Fauziyyah Indah
Published: May 2024

Dolomite is a natural mineral rock with the chemical formula CaMg(CO3)2. Pure dolomite contains 21.70% calcium and 13.04% magnesium. Dolomite has not been widely used in the industrial sector until now. One way to increase the economic value of dolomite rock is to utilize its magnesium content as a precursor to struvite mineral which is the raw material for slow release fertilizer. Under alkaline conditions, struvite minerals are formed at concentrations of Mg2+, NH4+, and PO43-. Struvite solution (MAP) can be prepared by reacting phosphoric acid, ammonium hydroxide, and dolomite as a magnesium source in a molar ratio of 1:1:1. In a continuously operated isolated column reactor, the pH ranged from 8 to 12, and the reactor inlet air velocity ranged from 0.25 to 1.25 L/min. The chemical elements of dried struvite were determined using XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence), and the morphology was analyzed using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). At the same time, the crystal phase composition was identified using the Rietveld XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) technique. Based on the results of XRF analysis, the highest magnesium content was found under operating conditions with pH 12, air rate 0.75 L/min, and magnesium content 15.5%.
Patterns and Prevalence of Adult Food Allergy
Authors: University of Manchester
Published: May 2024

This project has been set up to provide a step-change in our understanding of food allergy in adulthood by determining its prevalence in the adult population. It provided data to allow the trajectories of the condition in relation to both persistent allergy from childhood and adult-onset food allergy to be described, together with adverse reactions to foods that are not mediated by IgE.
INTENSITAS PERCERAIAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA KABUPATEN PASURUAN TAHUN 2022-2023
Authors: Sabaruddin Haidir , Fida Imanuddin Abil
Published: May 2024

Marital relationships are the most important thing in fulfilling human biological needs. However, domestic life after marriage is not as easy as imagined In Indonesia, divorce cases are still widespread. Especially in Pasuruan Regency in 2022 the intensity of cases found was 2,428 and in 2023 at the beginning of January there were 299 divorce cases. Most of these divorce cases are lawsuit divorces. The reason given by the plaintiff was the economic crisis. This context serves as the basis for the study conducted. The aim is to determine the intensity of divorce in Pasuruan Regency. The research uses the library research method. The data obtained by researchers uses a quantitative approach, namely quantitative data collecting divorce data at the Pasuruan Regency Religious Court (PA) through online media, namely through news reports from the Pasuruan Regency Religious Court.
Keywords: Intensity; Divorce; Religious Courts.
Akibat Hukum Penunjukan Penerima Manfaat Berdasarkan Klausul dalam Asuransi Perspektif Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata
Authors: Wuhanbino Gerald , Tehupeiory Aartje , Napitupulu Diana
Published: May 2024

Asuransi merupakan sarana finansial dalam tata kehidupan rumah tangga, baik dalam menghadapi risiko mendasar seperti risiko kematian, atau dalam menghadapi risiko atas harta benda yang dimiliki. Tipe penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif, penelitian normative sering disebut dengan jenis penelitian Pustaka, khusus menggunakan sumber hukum berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, yurisprudensi, kontrak/perjanjian, teori hukum dan pendapat akademis. Setelah melihat uraian dari pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa diperlukan klausul penunjukan dalam menentukan hak dan kedudukan ahli waris dalam polis asuransi jiwa dibandingkan dengan ahli waris ab intestato maupun ahli waris testamentair
Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Pembuatan Eco Enzyme dan Pemanfaatan Limbah Plastik bagi Guru dan Siswa SDK Penabur 6 Kelapa Gading
Authors: Suhartono Sugi , Meiden Carmel , Aleksander Gabriel , Adi Saputro Jevontius
Published: May 2024

Eco Enzyme is a fermentation solution from organic waste such as fruit and vegetable waste, sugar and water. This environmentally friendly enzyme is in liquid form which has many benefits ranging from agriculture, household to pets. Implementing this Eco Enzyme is to find out whether it has an effect on plant growth and to find out the dose that gives the best results. However, apart from being a powerful organic fertilizer, Eco Enzyme have a versatile function in making knick-knacks from used goods, especially plastic waste which is difficult to decompose in the environment. This approach aims to educate students about the importance of recycling and creativity in managing plastic waste. The aim of this program is more efficient assistance in increasing students understanding of the manufacturing process and benefits of Eco Enzyme and inspiring student creativity in recycling plastic waste into useful products.
UM SHOW MAN CHAMADO SANTANINHA
Authors: Lima Stélio
Published: May 2024

This work presents information about the life and work of the fiddler from Rio Grande do Norte João Sant’Anna de Maria (1827-1883?), known as Santaninha. In this process, we present the challenges and discoveries surrounding the bard obtained from the research that we developed with the missed popular poet Arievaldo Viana (1967-2020), which resulted in the book Santaninha, um poeta popular na capital do Império (VIANA;LIMA , 2017). In addition to the marks of his poetic protection, in which his status as a “poet-reporter” stands out, we also highlight some factors in his work that were not absorbed by the generation of poets that followed him, identifying in these singularities of his poetry the fact that he having developed his work isolated from other poets. Among the authors supporting the research, we highlight the names of José CALASANS (1985), Mello MORAES FILHO (1904), Yolanda Marcondes PORTUGAL (1945), Sílvio ROMERO (1977), SCEVOLLA (1866) and of the Barão de STUDART (1910- 1915).
LAMPIÃO, VINGADOR DO POVO: UMA ANÁLISE DOS CORDÉIS SOBRE O CANGAÇO
Authors: Oliveira Arusha
Published: May 2024

This work shows how the figure of Virgulino Ferreira da Silva (1888-1938), known as “the king of cangaço”, was most often heroicized in Brazilian cordel pamphlets. Based on this observation, made through the exhibition of excerpts from strings on the topic, social, historical and cultural aspects are presented and commented on that help explain this heroicization of Maria Bonita's (1911-1938) husband. To reach this aim, two theoretical constructs were particularly important for the development of our arguments: the concepts of “social bandit”, developed by the British historian Eric HOBSBAWN, and of “poetic revanchism”, developed by the French researcher Martine KUNZ. In addition to the two theorists, it is also worth highlighting the relevance that had for this research the names of Gustavo BARROSO (2012), Teoberto LANDIM (2005), Humberto MESQUITA (2021), Vera Figueiredo ROCHA (2015) and Francisco Jackson Martins VIEIRA (2012).
Delayed presentation is associated with serious bacterial infections among febrile infants: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Pon Rajoo Karthigha , Sutiman Natalia , Shih Stephanie , Khoo Zi Xean , Ong Gene Yong-Kwang , Won Lena , Piragasam Rupini , Ganapathy Sashikumar , Chong Shu-Ling
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Febrile young infants are at risk of serious bacterial infections (SBIs), which are potentially life-threatening. This study aims to investigate the association between delayed presentation and the risk of SBIs among febrile infants.

Method: We performed a prospective cohort study on febrile infants ≤90 days old presenting to a Singapore paediatric emergency department (ED) between November 2017 and July 2022. We defined delayed presentation as presentation to the ED >24 hours from fever onset. We compared the proportion of SBIs in infants who had delayed presentation compared to those without, and their clinical outcomes. We also performed a multivariable logistic regression to study if delayed presentation was independently associated with the presence of SBIs.

Results: Among 1911 febrile infants analysed, 198 infants (10%) had delayed presentation. Febrile infants with delayed presentation were more likely to have SBIs (28.8% versus [vs] 16.3%, P<0.001). A higher proportion of infants with delayed presentation required intravenous antibiotics (64.1% vs 51.9%, P=0.001). After adjusting for age, sex and severity index score, delayed presentation was independently associated with the presence of SBI (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.78, 95% confidence interval 1.26–2.52, P<0.001).

Conclusion: Febrile infants with delayed presentation are at higher risk of SBI. Frontline clinicians should take this into account when assessing febrile infants.
Physician sentiments on low-value investigations in Singapore: Part of Choosing Wisely campaign
Authors: Tan Selene Yan Ling , Loh Celestine Jia Ling , Elangovan Shalini , Yong Teng Wei Kenneth , Poh Shuoh Jieh Stanley , Tan Yi Lin , Aribou Zeenathnisa , Abdullah Hairil Rizal , Ke Yuhe
Published: May 2024

Low-value investigations provide marginal benefit and may result in harm to the patient or disproportionate healthcare costs. The introduction of Singapore’s Choosing Wisely (CW) campaign in 2012 aims to reduce such investigations. CW was designed to encourage conversations between physicians and patients to weigh the risk-benefit ratio behind each clinical decision. A CW campaign was launched in July 2023 at Singapore General Hospital to reduce unnecessary tests and treatments.
The Development of Geriatric Psychiatry Services in Singapore
Authors: Ng L L
Published: May 2024

Singapore is ageing rapidly and the need to develop a comprehensive range of psychiatric services for the elderly is urgent. To cater to the increase in the number of elderly with mental health problems, a multi-pronged, collaborative approach to developing services is necessary. Over the last decade, the development of such services has been initiated by the Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Woodbridge Hospital and Institute of Mental Health, and effected through dynamic elderly networks consisting of health, social and voluntary organisations. This has facilitated the integration of psychogeriatric services within the overall framework of elderly services. With the establishment of the Integrated Framework of Healthcare of the Elderly by the Ministry of Health in 2000, the importance and effectiveness of building partnerships in service provision have been demonstrated. The challenge for the future is to attract and retain geriatric-trained healthcare professionals, enhance their training in the early diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in the elderly, improve the support of family caregivers and expand the range of quality psychogeriatric services.
Late-life Depression: Current Issues and New Challenges
Authors: Ong P S
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Depression is a common psychiatric disorder in older people but tends to be underrecognised and undertreated, leading to impaired functioning, increased morbidity and mortality including suicide, and greater service utilisation.

Methods: A Medline search of journal articles on depression in older people, which highlighted specific and pertinent issues of prevalence, classification, screening instruments, elderly suicide and various treatment modalities, was done.

Results: Late-life depression represents a heterogenous group of mood disturbances that may present with atypical features and occur in a complex medical psychosocial context. Appropriate screening and assessment procedures and holistic, multidisciplinary treatment approaches are discussed. Future challenges lie in areas of early detection and intervention, advances in treatment strategies, training and service developments and effective prevention programmes.

Conclusion: By raising awareness and understanding of depression among primary healthcare and other healthcare practitioners, more depressed elderly with comorbid medical problems can be successfully identified and helped.
Correlates of Habitual Walking and Sports/Leisure-time Physical Activity in Older Persons in Singapore: Interaction Effects Between Educational Attainment and Gender
Authors: Wong C H , Wong S F , Shen L
Published: May 2024

Introduction: We examined for demographic and psychosocial correlates on the participation of habitual walking and sports/leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among older persons in Singapore.

Materials and Methods: In an observational study, 177 Chinese, community/urban-dwelling, ambulant, non-disabled participants >50 years old were recruited from a health promotion programme. The main outcome measures were self-reported participation in habitual walking and sports/LTPA. Variables examined include highest educational attainment, demographic and health characteristics, social contact and health knowledge. Interaction between gender and educational attainment was also examined.

Results: The mean age of participants was 62.5 + 7.8 years. The effects of educational level were significant on habitual walking (P = 0.02), while that of age, self-rated health and interaction between gender and educational level were significant for sports/LTPA (P = 0.012, P = 0.002 and P = 0.019, respectively). Men with higher education had a higher self-reported sport/LTPA, while in women; those with lower education attainment had a higher participation.

Conclusion: Unlike findings from Western developed nations, previous studies done in Japan and Singapore found that educational level and health behaviours may not be positively associated. In this study, there is a negative correlation between educational attainment and participation in habitual walking and sports/LTPA, especially among older Singaporean women.