bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attitude Towards Electronic-Prescription and Associated Factors Among Physicians at University of Gondar Referral Hospital: Institution Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zimamu Libsuye Yalgaw , Wubet Gashaw Mehiret
Published: December 2021

Background: Electronic prescription is described by the United States Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services as the broadcast utilizing electronic medium, of prescription or prescription-related information between prescriber, distributor, pharmacy benefit manager, or health plan, either openly or through an agent, including an electronic prescribing system. the aim of this study was designed to assess attitudes towards electronic prescription and associated factors among physicians at the University of Gondar referral hospital 2021. Gondar, Ethiopia.Methods: Hospital-based Cross-sectional study was used among (n=152) physicians who have involved with a response rate of 88.8%. Data were collected using structured self-administered questionnaires from August 1 to September 1/2021. The collected data were entered into Epi-info Version 7.2 and exported to SPSS version 23 software for analysis. Descriptive statistics using frequency and other summary statistics were using present socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of participants. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with dependent variables. Odds ratio (OR), with 95% CI and p value< 0.05 were computed to determine the level of significance.Results: Based on the operational definition the overall score of attitudes to an electronic prescription of physicians from the University of Gondar referral hospital was 76.8% [95% CI: 66.7-84.2]. Among the applicant variables for multivariable analysis two variables like age of the respondents [AOR: 2.48 (95% CL:1.055-5.830], and the monthly salary of the respondents [AOR: 8.29(95%CL: 3.002-22.89] had to have a significant association with electronic prescription.Conclusion and recommendation: The overall score of attitudes to the electronic prescription of physicians from the University of Gondar referral hospital was good. Age and a monthly salary of the respondents were significantly associated with an electronic prescription from the working organization university of Gondar referral hospital, and health care policymakers and hospital managers need to develop and institutionalize evidence-based widespread preparation of stakeholders especially prescribers and communications development earlier than its acceptance to build it doing well and victorious.
Prevalence of Self-Neglect and Associated Factors Among Disability Elderly in China
Authors: Dong Li , Sun Longfeng
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of self-neglect and associated factors among disability elderly(age≥65 years) in China.Patients and methods: Patients aged 65 years or above were enrolled from two communities in Shenyang,China. A convenience sample of 230 disability elderly responded to the questionnaire survey. The data were collected by a series of questionnaires consisting of socio-economic and demographic characteristics, Barthel Index(BI), Elder Self-Neglect Assessment(ESNA), Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form(GDS-SF), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support(MSPSS), and Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE). Kruskal-Wallis test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to examine the differences of self-neglect among different demographic characteristics as appropriate.Multiple linear regression model was performed to identify which factors were independent predictors of self-neglect.Results: An overall self-neglect rate of 86.0% was registered. The study reveals that disability elderly's self-neglect correlates positively with the degree of disability and depressive symptoms. On the contrary, monthly income and perceived social support were negatively associated with self-neglect.Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of self-neglect is high among disability elderly. Lower monthly income, decreased physical functioning, depressive symptoms, and poor perceived social support were contributing factors for self-neglect among disability elderly.
TolA, TolB, and TolR Are Critical Cell Envelope Proteins of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Choleraesuis Affecting Cell Morphology, OMVs Production, and Virulence
Authors: Li Quan , Li Zheng , Fei Xia , Tian Yichen , Zhou Guodong , Hu Yuhan , Wang Shifeng , Shi Huoying
Published: December 2021

The Tol-Pal system of Gram-negative bacteria is necessary for maintaining outer membrane integrity. It is a multiprotein complex of five envelope proteins, TolQ, TolR, TolA, TolB, and Pal. These proteins were first investigated in E. coli, and subsequently been identified in many other bacterial genera. However, the function of the Tol-Pal system in Salmonella Choleraesuis pathogenesis is still unclear. Here, we reported the role of three of these proteins in the phenotype and biology of S. Choleraesuis. We found that mutations in tolA, tolB, and tolR caused severe damage to the cell wall, which was supported by observing the microstructure of spherical forms, long chains, flagella defects, and membrane blebbing. We confirmed that all the mutants significantly decreased S. Choleraesuis survival when exposed to sodium deoxycholate and exhibited a high sensitivity to vancomycin, which may be explained by the disruption of envelope integrity. In addition, tolA, tolB, and tolR mutants displayed attenuated virulence in a mouse infection model. This could be interpreted as a series of defective phenotypes in the mutants, such as severe defects in envelope integrity, growth, and motility. Further investigation showed that all the genes participate in outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) biogenesis. Interestingly, immunization with OMVs from ΔtolB efficiently enhanced murine viability in contrast to OMVs from the wild-type S. Choleraesuis, suggesting its potential use in vaccination strategies. Collectively, this study provides an insight into the biological role of the S. Choleraesuis Tol-Pal system.
Human Emergency Behaviour Characteristics in Large-scale Emergencies Based on Mobile Communication Data
Authors: Wei XiaoLin , Luo Yi , Chen ZhenZhen , Zhao XuMing , Li HongYan , Wang Tao , Yu Wei , Zhu Lin , Liu FangYuan
Published: December 2021

The characteristics of human emergency behaviour under the emergency are a crucial scientific issue in basic emergency management research. The analysis of time dynamic aspects of human behaviour based on electronic footprint data provides a new method for quantitative investigation of this problem. Previous studies generally assumed that human behaviours were randomly distributed in time, but few studies studied the impact of emergencies and carried out prediction methods through social media data. Using mobile QQ space communication data, this paper from four kinds of emergencies and one kind of conventional event data, digging out the statistical characteristic on the time dimension of human communication behaviour, and in case of any emergencies, such as public security mode of evolution, to explore intrinsic emergency regularity of the impact of human communication behaviour model and further predict human behaviour characteristics. We found that the communication peaks accompanying an emergency are local in time, resulting in a communication avalanche that importantly engages eyewitness social networks. In mobile QQ space communication, the probability distribution of the interval time of the Posting behaviour sequence shows the statistical characteristics of power-law and approximate exponential tail. Compared with most of the typical Posting behaviour, the probability distribution of the interval time of the Posting behaviour sequence is higher. At the same time, the mnemonic is lower than most of the typical Posting behaviour, with a weak anti- mnemonic. These results are theoretically helpful in understanding the regularity of the impact of emergencies on human communication behaviour patterns and have potential application value in predicting the impact degree of crises and the analysis and classification of human social attributes.
Mitofusin 2 Integrates Mitochondrial Network Remodelling, Mitophagy and the Renewal of Respiratory Chain Proteins in Neurons After Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation.
Authors: Wojtyniak Piotr , Anna Boratynska-Jasinska , Karolina Serwach , Joanna Gruszczynska-Biegala , Barbara Zablocka , Jacek Jaworski , Kawalec Maria
Published: December 2021

In the efforts to develop effective therapeutic strategies limiting post-ischemic injury, mitochondria emerge as key element in determining the fate of the neurons. Mitochondrial damage can be alleviated by various mechanisms including mitochondrial network remodelling, mitochondrial elimination and mitochondrial protein biogenesis. However, the mechanisms regulating the relationship between these phenomena are poorly understood. Here we hypothesize that mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), a mitochondrial GTPase, involved in mitochondrial fusion, mitochondria trafficking and mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tethering, may act as a linking and regulatory factor in neurons following ischemic insult. To verify this assumption, we performed a temporal oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) on rat cortical primary culture to determine whether Mfn2 protein reduction may affect the onset of mitophagy, subsequent mitochondrial biogenesis and thus neuronal survival. In our study we found that Mfn2 knock-down increased the susceptibility of the neurons to the OGD. Mfn2 protein reduction prevented mitochondrial network remodelling and resulted in the prolonged mitophagosomes formation in response to the insult. Further on, Mfn2 protein reduction was accompanied by a reduced level of Parkin protein and an increased Parkin accumulation with mitochondria. As for Mfn2-expressing neurons, the OGD insult was followed by an elevated mtDNA content and an increase in the respiratory chain proteins. Neither of this phenomena were observed for Mfn2-reduced neurons. Collectively, our findings show that Mfn2 in neurons is involved in their response to mild and transient OGD stress, balancing the extent of elimination of defective mitochondria and positively influencing mitochondrial respiratory proteins levels. Our study confirms that Mfn2 is an essential element of the neuronal response to ischemic insult, necessary for the neuronal survival.
Multidrug-Resistant Epi-Endophytic Bacterial Community in Posidonia Oceanica Seagrass from Mahdia Coastal Seawater as Biomonitoring Factor for Antibiotic Contamination
Authors: Jebara Amel , Hassen Wafa , Ouesleti Amira , Mabrouk Lotfi , Jaziri Ahlem , Bella Guiseppa Di , Mansour Hedi Ben
Published: December 2021

Faced with the significant disturbances, mainly of anthropogenic origin, which affect the Mediterranean coastal ecosystem, it is necessary to set up rapid diagnostic tools for these disturbances. Posidonia oceanica, which is one of the pillars of this ecosystem, has often been used to assess the state of health of the Mediterranean coastal environment. Despite environmental changes, this plant can accumulate reserves which allow it, during relatively long periods, to keep a stationary phenology. It may also represent important mechanisms for the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes among pathogenic bacterial populations. The present study aims to determine the multi-drug resistance patterns among isolated and identified epi-endophytic bacterial strains in Posidonia oceanica seagrass collected from Mahdia coastal seawater (Tunisia). 43 isolates were obtained, seven of them were selected and identified. These isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus. Susceptibility patterns of these strains were studied toward commonly used antibiotics in Tunisia. All identified isolates were completely resistant to Aztreonam, Ceftazidime, Trimethoprim, Amoxicillin and Rifampicin.
Pressure- and 3D-derived coronary Flow Reserve with Hydrostatic Pressure Correction - A Validation by Intracoronary Doppler Measurements
Authors: Tar Balázs , Ágoston András , Üveges Áron , Szabó Gábor Tamás , Szűk Tibor , Komócsi András , Czuriga Dániel , Csippa Benjámin , Paál György , Kőszegi Zsolt
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To develop a method of coronary flow reserve (CFR) calculation derived from threedimensional (3D) coronary angiographic parameters and intracoronary pressure data during fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement. Methods: Altogether 19 coronary arteries of 16 native and 3 stented vessels were reconstructed in 3D. The measured distal intracoronary pressures were corrected to the hydrostatic pressure based on the height differences between the levels of the vessel orifice and the sensor position. Classical fluid dynamic equations were applied to calculate the flow during the resting state and vasodilatation on the basis of morphological data and intracoronary pressure values. 3D-derived coronary flow reserve (CFR p-3D ) was defined as the ratio between the calculated hyperemic and the resting flow and was compared to the CFR values simultaneously measured by the Doppler sensor (CFR Doppler ). Results: Haemodynamic calculations using the distal coronary pressures corrected for hydrostatic pressures showed a strong correlation between the individual CFR p-3D values and the CFR Doppler measurements (r=0.89, p<0.0001). Hydrostatic pressure correction increased the specificity of the method from 46.1% to 92.3% for predicting an abnormal CFR Doppler <2. Conclusions : CFR p-3D calculation with hydrostatic pressure correction during FFR measurement facilitates a comprehensive haemodynamic assessment, supporting the complex evaluation of macro- and microvascular coronary artery disease.
The Interconnected Dynamics of Partnership and HIV: A Qualitative Exploration of Experiences from Heterosexual Individuals Newly Diagnosed with HIV
Authors: sohail maira , Levitan Emily B. , Long Dustin M. , Mugavero Michael J. , Ojesina Akinyemi I. , Batey D. Scott
Published: December 2021

Background Recent studies have focused on the role of intimate partnership on HIV care outcomes among men who have sex with men in the United States (US) and heterosexual couples in some African studies, leaving a gap in the recent US-based literature on the role of having an intimate partner on HIV care outcomes among heterosexual couples. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the lived experiences of heterosexual individuals newly diagnosed with HIV regarding the role of partnership on HIV care. MethodsThis phenomenological study conducted one time, virtual, in-depth interviews with six heterosexual individuals newly diagnosed with HIV ≥2017. The data analysis followed Moustakas approach to identify themes and sub-themes. ResultsThe participants were predominantly female and African American with median age of 46 years. Four themes identifying association between partnership and HIV care included role of HIV on partnership, under which impact of HIV on partnership and presumed reaction if partner was diagnosed with HIV were identified; Impact of partnership on HIV identified perception on dealing with HIV diagnosis without a partner and role of family vs. partner in HIV care as sub-themes; forms of support from partner in HIV care identified partner support around the time of HIV diagnosis and linkage to HIV care and around retention in care; and perceptions on the types of partner-based clinic services, which identified areas such as couples therapy, assistance with partner communication on sensitive topics such as HIV disclosure, and HIV education of the partner. The findings showed that partnership played a vital role in HIV care among partnered individuals; and the importance of a partner in HIV care was acknowledged by unpartnered participants. Various support practices by partners around HIV diagnosis and retention in care were identified. Quality of partnership played a bigger role in HIV care than presence of partnership. ConclusionThe importance of partner-based interventions in improving the HIV care of the person with HIV (PWH) was acknowledged. While demonstrating views of mainly African American women living with HIV in the Southern US, findings may be transferrable to other heterosexual PWH in other locales.
Inter-Cluster Competition and Resource Partitioning May Govern the Ecology of Frankia
Authors: Sarkat Indrani , Sen Gargi , Bhattacharyya S , Gtari Maher , Sen Arnab
Published: December 2021

Microbes live in a complex communal ecosystem. The structural complexity of microbial community reflects diversity, functionality as well as habitat type. Delineation of ecologically important microbial populations along with exploration of their roles in environmental adaptation or host-microbe interaction has a crucial role in modern microbiology. In this scenario, reverse ecology (the use of genomics to study ecology) plays a pivotal role. Some studies have reported the presence of other non-Frankia genus from the same root nodule from where the Frankia was isolated. Since co-existance of two different genus in one small niche should maintain a strict direct interaction, it will be interesting to utilize the concept of reverse ecology in this scenario.Here, we exploited an ‘R’ package, the RevEcoR, to resolve the issue of co-existing microbes which are proven to be a crucial tool for identifying the nature of their relationship (competition or complementation) persisting among them. Our target organism here is Frankia, a nitrogen-fixing actinobacterium popular for its genetic and host specificity nature. According to their plant host, Frankia has already been subdivided into four clusters CI, CII, CIII and CIV. Our results revealed a strong competing nature of CI Frankia. The competition index between CI and CIII was greater than other studied Frankia clusters. The other interesting result was the co-occurrence of C-II and C-IV groups. It was revealed that these two groups follow the theory of resource partitioning in their lifestyle. Metabolic analysis along with their differential transporter machinery validated our hypothesis of resource partitioning among C-II and C-IV group.
CO2 abatement economics - a practical view
Authors: Anderl Thomas
Published: December 2021

The present studies aim at bridging between sophisticated scientific research and the broader society. The present work examines the economic stimulus required for the intended transition from fossil sources to renewables. To estimate cost competitiveness in energy supply from the various primary sources, a practicable, yet comprehensively levelized and fully described framework is applied. The estimates are compared with previous field reports and projection studies. In result, renewables have principally become cost-competitive to fossil sources in energy production. The overall transition to renewables is found to potentially come cost-neutral. It is argued that no special discounting be necessary if carbon emissions reduction is established in the order of 3 %/year (year-on-year) for about 100 years. Regarding transmission belts, it is advocated to cap plain CO2 pricing at 50 $/tCO2 and moreover, to emphasize distributive and differentiative regulation when considering free-market-based mechanisms such as CO2 pricing and carbon certification/crediting.
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant replication in human respiratory tract ex vivo
Authors: Chan Michael C. W. , Hui Kenrie PY , Ho John , Cheung Man-chun , Ng Ka-chun , Ching Rachel , Lai Ka-ling , Kam Tonia , Gu Haogao , Sit Ko-Yung , Hsin Michael , Au Wing-Kuk , Poon Leo , Peiris Malik , Nicholls John
Published: December 2021

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) with progressively increased transmissibility between humans is a threat to global public health. Omicron variant also evades immunity from natural infection or vaccines1. It is unclear whether its exceptional transmissibility is due to immune evasion or inherent virological properties.We compared the replication competence and cellular tropism of the wild type (WT) virus, D614G, Alpha, Beta, Delta and Omicron variants in ex vivo explant cultures of human bronchus and lung. Dependence on TMPRSS2 for infection was also evaluated. We show that Omicron replicated faster than all other SARS-CoV-2 in the bronchus but less efficiently in the lung parenchyma. All VOCs had similar cellular tropism as the WT. Delta was more dependent on serine protease than other VOCs tested.Our findings demonstrate that Omicron is inherently able to replicate faster than other variants known to date and this likely contributes to its inherently higher transmissibility, irrespective of its ability to evade antibody immunity. The lower replication competence of Omicron in human lung may be compatible with reduced severity but the determinants of severe disease are multifactorial. These findings provide important biological clues to the transmissibility and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs.
Physicochemical and biological quality of groundwater sources in Kadama Sub county, Kibuku District
Authors: Walekhwa Abel Wilson , Oporia Frederick , Halage Ali , Bulafu Douglas , Wafula Solomon Tsebeni , Chiara Achangwa , Osuret Jimmy , Musoke David
Published: December 2021

IntroductionWater should comply with standard/regulatory physio-chemical and biological parameters to ensure that it is safe for domestic use. We therefore sought to assess the physico-chemical and biological quality of groundwater sources in Kadama subcounty, Kibuku district, Eastern Uganda.MethodsA cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted. We collected water samples from twenty-three functional water sources. We assessed the turbidity, pH and presence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) using the turbidity meter, pH meter and membrane filtration technique, respectively. Furthermore, physical sanitary inspection of the water sources was done using a standard pretested observational checklist to assess existing risk factors.ResultsThe majority, 69.5% of the water sources included in the study were boreholes, with about 43.5% of them from Nandere parish. Majority of the water sources 86.9% (20/23) had clogged/blocked drainage channels, about a third of water sources 60.9% (14/23) did not have fences/protection around them and majority of the water sources, 82.6% (19/23) had stagnated apron. Some water sources 8.7% (2/23) had open defecation around them. The water samples had a mean pH of 6.87 (SD 0.920) with 4.4% acidic, 86.9% normal/acceptable pH level and 8.6% in alkaline state. About two-thirds (65.3%) of these water sources had turbidity levels less than 5 NTUs. In addition, boreholes had a better turbidity score of 81.2% (13/16) compared to the water wells 71.4% (5/7). About half, 43.5% of the water sources were above the WHO recommended range of zero coliforms.ConclusionsSome ground water sources had sanitary risk factors and significant levels of E. coli which makes them unfit for human consumption, though they can be used for other domestic purposes including washing clothes. This calls for urgent need to keep surrounding water sources clean and continuously disinfect drinking water from groundwater sources before human consumption.
Comprehensive Analysis of The Clinical Significance and Prognostic Value of The CBX Family in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma (CESC)
Authors: Zhou Pei , Ma Cong , Wu Caiyun , Yuan Jing , Wei Zhaolian
Published: December 2021

Background: Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) is the second most common type of cancer among gynecologic malignancies worldwide. Chromobox (CBX) family proteins are associated with the regulation of tumorigenesis, metastasis, and evolution of various cancers.Methods: The clinical features, expression levels, and prognostic value of CBXs in CESC were analyzed through several databases, including ONCOMINE, GEPIA, HPA, UALCAN, cBioPortal,Kaplan-Meier plotter and .Results: We concluded that the expression level of CBX2/4/8 was upregulated, while the expression level of CBX6/7 was downregulated in CESC specimens. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that CBX1/2/3/4/5/6/8 proteins were downregulated in normal cervical tissues, and upregulated in CESC specimens. In contrast, CBX7 protein expression was significantly higher in normal adjacent cervical tissues and was not detected in CESC tissues. CBX1/3/6 mRNA expression was significantly correlated with the pathological stage of CESC. Prognostic analysis showed that patients with high CBX7 levels of CESC had a favorable prognosis.Conclusions: Our study indicated that CBX7 could be an attractive biomarker for the prognosis of CESC.
A SOLUTION TO STEFAN PROBLEM USING EULERIAN TWO FLUID VOF MODEL
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Cukrov Alen , Sato Yohei ,   Paul Scherrer Institut, Boras Ivanka , Ničeno Bojan
Published: December 2021

A novel approach for the solution of Stefan problem within the framework of the multi fluid model supplemented with Volume of Fluid (VOF) method, i.e. two-fluid VOF, is presented in this paper. The governing equation set is comprised of mass, momentum and energy conservation equations, written on a per phase basis and supplemented with closure models via the source terms. In our method, the heat and mass transfer is calculated from the heat transfer coefficient, which has a fictitious function and depends on the local cell size and the thermal conductivity, and the implementation is straightforward because of the usage of the local value instead of a global parameter. The interface sharpness is ensured by the application of the geometrical reconstruction scheme implemented in VOF. The model is verified for three types of computational meshes including triangular cells, and good agreement was obtained for the interface position and the temperature field. Although the developed method was validated only for Stefan problem, the application of the method to engineering problems is considered to be straightforward since it is implemented to a commercial CFD code only using a local value; especially in the field of naval hydrodynamics wherein the reduction of ship resistance using boiling flow can be computed efficiently since the method handles phase change processes using low resolution meshes.
The effect of the filling degree of the tumbling mill chamber on the bifurcation value of the froude number
Authors: Deineka Kateryna , Naumenko Yurii , Myronenko Tamara
Published: December 2021

The influence of the filling degree of the drum chamber on the bifurcation value of the Froude number in the case of self-excitation of self-oscillations of a two-fraction granular charge with a minimum swing is considered. Such a pulsating mode of the charge movement is used in the self-oscillating grinding process in a tumbling mill. The coarse fraction that simulated the milling bodies consisted of spherical particles of an incoherent granular material with a relative size in the chamber ψb=0.00733. The fine fraction, simulating the material to be ground, was cement with a relative particle size ψm≈0.092∙10-3. The value of the adopted analogue of the kinematic viscosity of the two-fraction granular loading approached the value of 10-3 m2/s. The main variable factor in experimental studies was the filling degree of the drum chamber with loading at rest κb=0.25, 0.35, and 0.45. An additional factor was the degree of filling the gaps between the spherical particles of the coarse fraction with particles of the fine fraction κb=0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1. The method of visual analysis through the transparent end wall of the chamber of transient processes of the loading behavior with a smooth change and fixation of the velocity was applied. The bifurcation minimum value of the rotation speed was recorded, at which the steady-state circulation mode of the load movement turns into a transient pulsation one with a minimum swing. A decrease in the bifurcation values of the Froude number Frb on the cylindrical surface of the chamber with an increase in κb has been established. An increase in the intensity of the decrease in Frb with an increase in κm was revealed. The recorded effect is due to an increase in the connected properties of a two-fraction loading during self-excitation of self-excited oscillations with an increase in κb and κm. The numerical values of the boundaries of the range of bifurcation values of the Froude number for a tumbling mill Frb=0.0484–1.17 have been determined. The obtained Frb range corresponds to the Reynolds value in the range Re=40–197. The maximum Frb value is obtained with coarse grinding. An increase in the likelihood of self-excitation of self-oscillations of the intra-chamber loading with a decrease in the fineness of grinding was revealed
The intelligent monitoring and evaluation of the psychophysiological state of the workers employed on offshore oil and gas platforms
Authors: Mammadovа Masuma , Jabrayilova Zarifa
Published: December 2021

Oil and gas companies have an urgent need for technologies that provide complete and reliable information about the actual state of health and safety of personnel. To solve this problem, the article proposes a concept solution for the development of a system monitoring of the psychophysiological health of workers employed on offshore oil platforms. The concept is based on a person-centered approach and allows monitoring of health of employees simultaneously linking them to the context of the environment. The urgency of the problem is confirmed by statistical data, according to which workers in the oil and gas industry are 8 times more likely to get injured. The article analyzes the specific features of the professional activity of the workers employed on offshore oil platforms and shows that the deterioration of their health and psychological condition due to the long-term “sea environment” is unavoidable. It offers to develop an intelligent system for monitoring the psychophysiological condition of workers employed on offshore oil platforms and to assess its suitability for their position with the reference to the Cattell test and fuzzy patterns recognition. The development and systematic operation of such a system may timely detect undesirable consequences for the health status of workers employed on offshore oil platforms and prevent wrong decisions due to the “human factor”
Development on advanced technologies – design and development of cloud computing model
Authors: Briasouli Alexandra , Minkovska Daniela , Stoyanova Lyudmila
Published: December 2021

Big Data has been created from virtually everything around us at all times. Every digital media interaction generates data, from computer browsing and online retail to iTunes shopping and Facebook likes. This data is captured from multiple sources, with terrifying speed, volume and variety. But in order to extract substantial value from them, one must possess the optimal processing power, the appropriate analysis tools and, of course, the corresponding skills. The range of data collected by businesses today is almost unreal. According to IBM, more than 2.5 times four million data bytes generated per year, while the amount of data generated increases at such an astonishing rate that 90 % of it has been generated in just the last two years. Big Data have recently attracted substantial interest from both academics and practitioners. Big Data Analytics (BDA) is increasingly becoming a trending practice that many organizations are adopting with the purpose of constructing valuable information from BD. The analytics process, including the deployment and use of BDA tools, is seen by organizations as a tool to improve operational efficiency though it has strategic potential, drive new revenue streams and gain competitive advantages over business rivals. However, there are different types of analytic applications to consider. This paper presents a view of the BD challenges and methods to help to understand the significance of using the Big Data Technologies. This article based on a bibliographic review, on texts published in scientific journals, on relevant research dealing with the big data that have exploded in recent years, as they are increasingly linked to technology
Oxidation or cation re-arrangement? Distinct behavior of riebeckite at high temperature
Authors: Ventura Giancarlo Della , Redhammer Günther J. , Galdenzi Federico , Ventruti Gennaro , Susta Umberto , Oberti Roberta , Radica Francesco , Marcelli Augusto
Published: December 2021

In this work we address the stability of riebeckite at high temperatures and compare the different behaviors observed under various oxidation conditions. For this purpose, we annealed powders of a sample from Mt. Malosa (Malawi), which is compositionally close to the end-member; the run products obtained after annealing in air vs. in vacuum were studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. The results show that riebeckite follows two distinct paths depending on the external environment. Under oxidizing conditions, it is stable in the hydrous form up to relatively low temperatures (400–450 °C), then it undergoes a rapid (within ~50 °C) dehydrogenation, forming oxo-riebeckite, which is stable up to ~900 °C. The final breakdown products of the oxo-amphibole include aegirine + cristobalite + hematite. Based on the relative intensity of the (310) Bragg reflection, the activation energy (Ea) for the riebeckite to oxo-riebeckite transition is 166 ± 6 kJ/mol.

Under vacuum conditions, no Fe oxidation is observed, and riebeckite is stable up to much higher temperatures (750–800 °C); however, in the 550 < T < 700 °C range, it undergoes a significant re-arrangement of the C cations (those hosted in the strip of octahedra). Indeed, the amphibole stable in the 700–800 °C range has the same chemical formula as riebeckite but has a disordered and nonstandard cation distribution at the octahedra, i.e., M(1)(Fe3+Fe2+)M(2)(Fe3+Fe2+)M(3)Fe2+; we call this phase “CR3+ disordered riebeckite”. For T ≥ 800 °C, it decomposes to aegirine + fayalite + cristobalite + H2O.

External oxygen is required for the release of water into the surrounding system, being a prerequisite for the Fe-amphiboles to be a carrier of H2O in the lower crust and upper mantle. One important implication of our results is that characterization of the overall oxidation state of iron does not necessarily provide the redox conditions of the environment of formation because a crystal-chemical re-arrangement under reducing conditions allows riebeckite to maintain its Fe3+/Fe2+ composition up to higher temperatures.
Fe3+/FeT ratios of amphiboles determined by high spatial resolution single-crystal synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy
Authors: Ratschbacher Barbara C. , Jackson Jennifer M. , Toellner Thomas S. , Bucholz Claire E. , Sturhahn Wolfgang , Solomatova Natalia V.
Published: December 2021

The Fe3+/FeT ratios (Fe3+/[Fe2++Fe3+]) in minerals can be used to understand their crystallization and post-crystallization conditions. However, as natural minerals are often zoned and contain inclusions, bulk techniques, e.g., wet chemistry, may not provide accurate Fe3+/FeT values for a single phase of interest. We determined Fe3+/FeT ratios of amphiboles in different crystallographic orientations by single-crystal synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy (SMS) in energy and time domain modes from four volcanic localities (Long Valley Caldera, Mount St. Helens, Lassen Volcanic Center, U.S.A., and Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines). The high spatial resolution (as low as 12 × 12 μm spot size) and standard-free nature of SMS allow the detection of intra-grain compositional heterogeneities in Fe3+/FeT with relatively low uncertainties.

We combine SMS with major element compositions, water contents, and hydrogen isotope compositions to document the Fe3+/FeT ratios as a function of mineral composition and post-crystallization dehydrogenation. Spectra were fitted with up to five distinct sites: ferrous iron on M(1), M(2), M(3), and ferric iron on M(2) and M(3), consistent with X-ray diffraction studies on single crystals of amphibole. The Fe3+/FeT ratios range from 0.14 ± 0.03 (Long Valley Caldera), 0.51 to 0.63 ± 0.02 (representing intra-grain heterogeneities, Mount St. Helens) to 0.86 ± 0.03 (Lassen Volcanic Center). The latter grain experienced post-crystallization dehydrogenation, shown by its low water content (0.6 ± 0.05 wt%) and its elevated hydrogen isotope composition (δD = +25 ± 3‰ relative to SMOW). The Fe3+/FeT ratios of 0.62 ± 0.01 and 0.20 ± 0.01 of two Mt. Pinatubo grains correlate with high-Al2O3 cores and low-Al2O3 rims and smaller phenocrysts in the sample, respectively. This study shows that SMS is capable of distinguishing two different domains with dissimilar Fe3+/FeT values formed under different crystallization conditions, demonstrating that SMS in combination with major element, water, and hydrogen isotope compositions allows the interpretation of amphibole Fe3+/FeT ratios in the context of crystallization and post-crystallization processes.
A roadmap for bootstrapping critical gauge theories: decoupling operators of conformal field theories in $d>2$ dimensions
Authors: He Yin-Chen , Rong Junchen , Su Ning
Published: December 2021

We propose a roadmap for bootstrapping conformal field theories (CFTs) described by gauge theories in dimensions
d>2d>2.
In particular, we provide a simple and workable answer to the question of how to detect the gauge group in the bootstrap calculation. Our
recipe is based on the notion of decoupling operator, which has a simple (gauge) group theoretical origin, and is reminiscent of the null
operator of 2d2d
Wess-Zumino-Witten CFTs in higher dimensions. Using the decoupling operator we can efficiently detect the rank (i.e. color number) of gauge
groups, e.g., by imposing gap conditions in the CFT spectrum. We also discuss the physics of the equation of motion, which has interesting
consequences in the CFT spectrum as well. As an application of our recipes, we study a prototypical critical gauge theory, namely the
scalar QED which has a U(1)U(1)
gauge field interacting with critical bosons. We show that the scalar QED can be solved by conformal bootstrap, namely we have obtained its
kinks and islands in both d=3d=3
and d=2+\epsilond=2+ϵ
dimensions.
The Concept of Business and Human Rights in the Context of Current Global Trends
Authors: Hulievska Hanna , Adashys Liudmyla
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the concepts of business and human rights in metamodernism era (postpostmodern), when the contradictory processes of globalization and glocalization of economical and legal relations simultaneously create new opportunities and challenge the actuality and effectiveness of legal mechanisms of promotion of human rights in business field.It is emphasized that despite some progress in promoting the concept of business and human rights,the question whether international and national law is able to oblige businesses to sustain humanrights remains relevant. It is determined that the concept of business and human rights is based onthe categories of public interest, which is realized and taken into account by voluntary commitmentand implementation of relevant obligations of business entities and positive obligations of the statein the field of human rights. The article analyzes political and economic global trends and challenges which influence theconcept of business and human rights. Increasing asymmetry and inequality, changes in the systemof international economic institutions, especially financial, development of digital technologies,contradictory processes of integration and disintegration, expansion of illegal business and migration,the phenomenon of “Black Swans,” global economic crises and the covid -19 pandemic areprompting the necessity to provide sustainable development and social responsibility to business.Emphasis is placed on raising the level of awareness of business about the necessity and expediencyof observing human rights standards not only for ethical reasons, but also as a means of improvingtheir own success and competitiveness.The article also examines the main trends in the development of law which occur under the influenceof globalization and the demand for a new social contract, such as socialization, anthropologizationand ecologization of law, increasing the impact of crises, conflicts, pandemics on the content of law,expanding the scope and range of legal issues. changing the ratio of international and national legalregulation, changes in the subject area, raising the topics of non-state and global law, convergenceof public and private, changes in the system of sources of international law, blending of legal andnon-legal forms of regulation.It is emphasized that one of the trends in the development of international regulation of businessresponsibility in the field of human rights is the demand for more “strict” legal regulation, but thequestion is the realism and effectiveness of “strengthening” the legal force of international acts aboutbusiness responsibility in the field of human rights.The opinion on its own regulatory value of norms of soft law in the given sphere is expressed.
Business, Human Rights and a New Social Contract in the Digital Age Abstract
Authors: Razmetaeva Yulia
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of concluding a new social contract in the digitalage, taking into account the its peculiarities and the complex challenges in the field of business andhuman rights. The issues of the need to renegotiate such an agreement, the composition of the partiesand its basic conditions are considered. It is emphasized that the almost uncontrolled activities andgrowing power of companies are not the only, but one of the most important reasons for revisingthe contract.The article argues that the features of the digital age that affect the reasons for the conclusionand content of a new social contract are as follows: a significant part of all activities of entities takesplace in cyberspace or has an online component; digital tools are extremely common in both publicand private life; data become key to any economic, social, political activity; the amount of data ishuge, and the speed of their spread is incredibly high; the development of societies is uneven, andit is exacerbated by the digital divide; the power of business structures is growing, including theirability to modify the behavior of users of digital tools.The main threats to the existing social contract are a significant imbalance between the rights andobligations of the parties, the ineffectiveness of instruments to control its observance, the asymmetryof power, and the formation of a regulatory framework by companies against their role in the privatesector. Attempts to include business in the treaty, leaving human rights and justice at the center,including legitimacy and the negotiation of conditions with equal participation of individuals, civilsociety, companies and governments, are considered.The reasons for the potential loss of power of the existing social contract in the digital age are given,including the examples exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The article emphasizes the need toreconcile the responsibilities of participants, as well as to take into account the consequences of the
The Ideal Dimension of Law
Authors: Alexy Robert
Published: December 2021

The main theme of the article is ideal dimension of law. Author argue for a dual nature thesis – which contends that law necessarily comprises both a real or factual dimension and an ideal or critical dimension – and demonstrates how the ideal dimension (which refers primarily to moral correctness) implies the truth of non-positivism. The key provisions of the conception represented in article are substantiated in a polemic with other well-known representative of non-positivism – John Finnis.

Particular attention is paid to determine relation between the real and ideal dimensions of law, which involves answering five questions. First, is there an outermost border of law? Second, is legal argumentation based exclusively on authoritative reasons or does it also include non-authoritative reasons? Third, what is the relation between human rights and legal systems? Forth, is democracy to be understood exclusively as a decision procedure or also as a form of discourse? Fifth, do legal system comprise only rules expressing a real “ought” or also principles expressing an “ideal ought”? These five questions are answered by the following five theses: the first with the Radbruch formula; he second with the special case thesis; the third with the thesis that constitutional rights are to be understood as attempts to positivize human rights; the fourth with the deliberative model of democracy; and the fifth with principles theory. All five theses turn on the same point: the claim to correctness.
Legal Certainty
Authors: Smorodynskyi Viktor
Published: December 2021

Legal certainty is considered in the paper not only as one of the general principles of law and one of the requirements of the Rule of Law, but also as a fundamental feature and condition of the significance of law and its instrumental value in general. In this regard, the definitions of the Rule of Law conception and the lists of its components proposed by Western philosophers and theorists of law and by the Venice Commission are analyzed. Elements of the principle of legal certainty such as legislation and case law accessibility, legal acts’ predictability, principles of case law unity, legitimate expectations, res judicata, the European concept of autonomous interpretation and the American doctrine of uncertainty of law are covered. By analyzing and synthesizing theoretical concepts of the principle of legal certainty, the practice of its interpretation and application by European and national courts, the connections between it and other general principles of law (in particular – principles of legality and reasonableness), this principle plays a key role in the Rule of Law implementation in the national legal system.
Biskupi tytularni w prawie Kościoła łacińskiego
Authors: Wroceński Józef
Published: December 2021

Genezy instytucji biskupów tytularnych należy doszukiwać się w okolicznościach historycznych, a mianowicie na skutek pojawienia się religii islamskiej. Inwazyjne nastawienie wyznawców tej religii względem chrześcijańskiego Wschodu i Afryki Północnej sprawiło, że wielu biskupów tamtejszych diecezji musiało opuścić swoje stolice biskupie. Chroniąc się przed prześladowaniami przenosili się do innych krajów chrześcijańskich, zwłaszcza europejskich, w których stolice biskupie były obsadzone. Początkowo uważano, że biskupi ci nie utracili opuszczonych stolic, a jedynie możność aktualnego sprawowania jurysdykcji. Nie byli jednak uważani za pełnoprawnych pasterzy diecezji w nowym miejscu pobytu. Od początku pojawienia się tych biskupów istniały, więc duże kontrowersje wokół ich pozycji prawnej, a szczególnie zadań i kompetencji. Byli, więc mianowani na diecezje, które opuścili z nadzieją powrotu do nich, który nie następował/ Pełnili, więc oni funkcje pomocnicze, służąc pomocą biskupom rezydencjalnym, zwłaszcza w wypełnianiu obowiązków wynikających z sakry biskupiej. Szybko sprawdziła się ich przydatność, a nawet konieczność w nowych diecezjach. Z biegiem czasu wytworzył się zwyczaj mianowania biskupów nierezydencjalnych z tytułami diecezji aktualnie nieistniejących, którzy pomagali w pracy pasterskiej biskupom diecezjalnym. Przez długi jednak czas status prawny tych biskupów był niedookreślony pod względem prawnym. Radykalna zmiana ich pozycji dokonała się w ramach prac i doktryny II Soboru Watykańskiego na temat sakramentalności sakry biskupiej i kolegialności biskupów. Sobór przyznał wszystkim biskupom zasadniczą równość w Kościele. Także ich pozycja w Kościele partykularnym uległa zmianie. Postanowienia nowego Kodeksu znacznie dowartościowały ich pozycję prawną. Pełnią oni obecnie wiele ważnych urzędów i funkcji w Kościele.