bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable tourism activities in Green Star hotels: A research in Europe
Authors: Bagdadi Ali
Published: December 2021

The unconscious use of the resources on earth caused great problems with the economic, social and cultural developments experienced after the industrial revolution. The tourism sector is a sector that is integrated with environmental resources, develops and gains importance depending on these resources. In terms of efficient use of limited resources within the framework of tourism sustainability dimensions of activities in hotel enterprises: to establish a reduction, reuse and recycling system. In this way, prevention of unnecessary use, more efficient use and reuse shows that green star hotels are one of the important determinants of sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism activities in the hospitality sector are growing worldwide. The purpose of this study is to reveal the activities of green star hotels within the scope of sustainable tourism. In this context, it has been achieved by semi-structured interview technique with managers working in green star hotels in Europe. Energy consumption, water consumption waste consumption, and CO2 management sustainable activities are carried out in green star hotels as environmental dimensions were evaluated.
Yield components of soybean cover crop regard to seed pre-treatment with bacteria and mycorrhiza
Authors: Varga Ivana , Alduk Helena , Kristek Suzana , Jović Jurica , Iljkić Dario , Antunović Manda
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to describe the importance of bacterization of soybean seeds and the use of preparations of mycorrhizal fungi in the sowing of soybeans on the family farm "Alduk" in 2020. Post- sowing of soybeans was done on 26th June 2020 as cover crop. Two very early varieties (00 maturity group): Korana (Agricultural Institute Osijek) and Merkur (NS seeds, Serbia) were used. Before sowing, the seeds were bacterized (Nitrobacterin – Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek) or the addition of preparations of mycorrhizal fungi (VAM + Azotobacter chroococcum – Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek). At harvest, yield components of soybeans in 2020 were determined. To determine the yield components from each treatment, 20 plants were selected and analysed separately. A total of 120 individual plants were analysed, and the following were determined: plant height (cm) and height to the first pod, number of fertile levels per plant from the central stem and per plant, number of pods per plant and seed mass of one plant (g), 1000 grain mass and at final, seed yield (t/ha). The height of the plants up to the first fertile pod was on average 7 cm, and varied from 5 cm (Mercury variety with VAM + AC treatment), to 9 cm (Korana on NB treatment). The number of fertile levels per plant averaged 11 on the main, central stem, while the total number of fertile levels per plant was 16. The number of pods per plant in this study averaged 42, with the seed weight of one plant being 10.48 g per plant. The highest mass of seeds per plant (g) had the Korana variety on the control treatment (14.95 g per plant). The Korana variety also had the lowest seed mass per plant (7.07 g per plant) with the application of Nitrobacterin. According to the results, Korana variety had the highest yield on the control treatment (1.19 t/ha), followed by the treatment with VAM + Azotobacter chroococcum (1.04 t/ha) and the lowest with the application of Nitrobacterin (0.84 t/ha). Merkur variety had the lowest soybean yield on the control treatment (0.69 t/ha), while with Nitrobacterin and VAM + Azotobacter chroococcum soybean yield increased by about 19% with Nitrobacterin and about 27% with VAM + Azotobacter chroococcum.
Microbiological activities in the composting process : A review
Authors: Nemet Franjo , Perić Katarina , Lončarić Zdenko
Published: December 2021

Composting is a technological process of waste management that is, with the help of microbiological activities in aerobic conditions, organic material is decomposed and stabilized into a biodegradable mixture and transformed into compost. This process of decomposition of organic matter has recently attracted a lot of attention due to its environmentally friendly methods in which additional environmental pollution is avoided. The composting process follows four phases (first mesophilic phase, thermophilic phase, second mesophilic phase, and maturation phase). The most important factors influencing the decomposition success are C/N ratio, humidity, temperature, substrate particle size, pH, oxygen content and microorganisms. Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes act as chemical decomposers in the process of decomposition of organic matter into carbon dioxide, heat, water, hummus, and a relatively stable final organic product - compost. In the process of composting, microorganisms decompose the complex molecules of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. The presence of different types of microorganisms is influenced by the composition of composite mixtures and changes in temperature through the phases of the composting process. At the beginning of compression, the microbial activity increases significantly, which causes a temperature rise. The initial dominance of bacteria is replaced by fungi that are most active in the process of compost maturation.This scientific paper aims to present an overview of the composting process and the role of beneficial microorganisms in the process of decomposition of organic matter of the compost mixture.
Agri-environmental impacts on yield formation of soybean crop
Authors: Abd Ghani Rosnani , Omar Suhana , El Chami Elias , El Chami Josepha , Jolánkai Márton
Published: December 2021

One of the most important leguminous crops that contributes to human alimentation and animal feed is soybean. The grain of the crop with its high nutritional value is an essential component for the food and feed industries worldwide. Grain yield of field crops highly depend on the agri-environmental conditions they are exposed to. The most influential factors are plant nutrition, plant protection and the influence of environmental, especially of biotic stresses. At the Department of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences some agri-environmental impacts on grain yield of soybean crop have been studied in a replicated field trial. N application and various means of weed control was studied, and samples of grain yield were evaluated in accordance with the treatments. Apart from agronomic applications continuous observation and recording of game damages of the crop was implemented. The results obtained suggest, that N topdressing had positive, but no significant effect on the amount of grain yield, however the means of weed control resulted in an almost twofold yield improvement compared to the control. Rabbit bite damages were monitored during yield formation. The extent of game damage was consequent but not significant regarding crop yield.
Moscow Travel Guide for Voltaire
Authors:   Saratov State University, Mezin Sergey A.
Published: December 2021

The manuscript “Description of the city of Moscow” from the Voltaire Library has been subjected to special study for the first time. In this essay, the ancient Russian capital is presented as a vast and crowded city, the distinctive feature of which is the abundance of churches and monasteries. The description of the city is conducted according to the historically formed parts: the Kremlin, Kitay-gorod, White City, Earthen City. The description is based on the “Plan of the Imperial city of Moscow” by I. Michurin (1739). The most likely the author of this kind of guidebooks is I. C. Taubert.
The аccusatory еrend in Russian satirical journalism in the first half of the 1860s: Foreign policy aspect
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kochukova Olga V.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to foreign policy topics in Russian satirical journals of the first half of the 1860s. The author analyzes the historical content of feuilletons and caricatures of the leading satirical magazines of the era “Iskra” and “Zanoza”. The article reveals the historical and cultural origins of the “accusatory trend” in public opinion and the press of Russia at the turn of the 1850s-1860s, the peculiarities of its implementation in relation to the foreign policy aspect. The article compares the radical and moderate trends in the satirical reflection of the phenomena and events of international life.
“Staff Reserve” of De-Escalation: M. Rojansky on American-Russian Relations
Authors:   Saratov State University, Golub Yury G. , Shenin Sergei Y. ,   Saratov State University
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the political, scientific and practical activities of the director of the Kennan Institute, Matthew Rojanski. In the context of the statements of the Biden administration on the need to de-escalate US-Russian relations and taking into account the attempt to appoint Rozhansky to the post of Russia Director on the US National Security Council, the evolution of his worldview, the system of views on the modern world order, the role of Russia in the contemporary world and nature of relations between Washington and Moscow are considered. It is concluded that Rojanski’s foreign policy views are close to the liberal-universalist ideology of the progressive grouping in the Democratic Party.
Voivode of Saratov Prince Fyodor Petrovich Boryatinsky (1648–1650): Controversial pages of the biography
Authors:   Saratov State University, Rabinovich Yakov N.
Published: December 2021

The article for the first time presents a detailed biography of the governor of Saratov, Prince Fyodor Petrovich Boryatinsky. This prince Rurikovich first distinguished himself in battles on the southern borders of the country in the final period of the Time of Troubles after the election of Mikhail Romanov as tsar. In the autumn of 1613, he freed Starodub from the supporters of the Polish prince Vladislav, participated in the campaign against Gomel, and then fought near Dorogobuzh, defended Moscow in 1618. After the Troubles, being already a Moscow nobleman, he served as a voivode in different cities for about 50 years - in the Siberian city of Tara, in the new fortress Atemar, in Saratov, Sevsk, Suzdal.
Financial policy of Saratov zemstvo: Expenditure and budgetary deficit
Authors:   Saratov State University, Morozova Elena N.
Published: December 2021

The article presents the characteristics of the most important part of the financial policy of the zemstvo self-government bodies in Saratov province - administration of the expenditure budget. Particular attention is paid to the types of expenses aimed at fulfilling the compulsory and optional duties of the zemstvo. An important place in the publication is occupied by the problem of budget deficit and credit policy of zemstvo institutions in 1866-1917.
The history of everyday life of the workers of the Savelyev shale mine in the Saratov region during the pre-war five-year plans
Authors:   Department “Management, Informatics and General humanitarian Sciences”, Penza branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Voeikov Evgenij V.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the little-studied history of the Savelyev shale mine and the daily life of workers and employees in 1931-1941. Within the framework of the methodological concept of social history and the history of everyday life, the issues of labor protection, accidents and injuries, food supply and catering, housing conditions and the state of medical care are considered. The article is based on archival materials that were first introduced into scientific circulation.
Power and public life in Karelia during the “thaw” period (mid-1950s – mid-1960s)
Authors:   Institute of Language, Literature and History, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Science, Vavulinskaya Ludmila I.
Published: December 2021

The article investigates the relationships between authorities and the society during the “thaw” period, which launched liberalization in public life and radical changes in public consciousness. Regional material from the Republic of Karelia was used to demonstrate the situation in the region’s political and public sphere, and the response of people to the activities of central and local governments. The study highlights that liberalization processes were contradictory and inconsistent, and the life of the society remained under strict ideological control.
ON CHILD’S RIGHTS BEFORE AND AFTER BIRTH
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Russian State University of Justice PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Fioshin Aleksandr V.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of the unborn child’s rights and the abuse of the rights of children born. Examples of various legal orders protecting the life of a child before birth are given. The issue of the need to protect unborn children in the national doctrine is analyzed. The author’s definition of abuse of law in family legal relations is proposed. The abuse of the right by the child is characterized.
Genesis of the Court Bailiff Institution in Russia in the IX to the XVI Century
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the Putilin Belgorod Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia PhD (History), Vorodyukhin Stanislav E. , Ryapolova Anastasia V. ,   3rd Year Cadet of the Investigator Training Faculty of the Putilin Belgorod Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia
Published: December 2021

This article discusses the basic theories of the emergence and development of the institution of bailiffs in Russia. The features of their activities in various historical periods, from the occurrence to the XVI century. Bailiffs are mentioned in various monuments of law and play an important role in the development of the entire system of state bodies. In the history of the state and law of Russia, they performed a wide variety of functions, from debt collection to tracing and torture. Particular attention is paid to the Code of Laws of 1550, as the main source of law of the XVI century.
Medidas en frontera: concepto, antecedentes, marco normativo vigente, procedimiento y perspectivas futuras en la República de Colombia
Authors: Vélez Espinosa Julián Andrés
Published: December 2021

El comercio exterior no solo ha impulsado la internacionalización de los sistemas de propiedad intelectual, sino que ha potencializado la relevancia de las disposiciones asociadas a la observancia de esos derechos, puesto que, bajo el marco de un mercado global, el aumento del volumen del intercambio trasnacional de mercaderías ha impuesto la obligación de proteger con mayor ahínco la propiedad de los titulares y los derechos de los consumidores. Al respecto, la República de Colombia, a lo largo de los años, ha hecho grandes esfuerzos por fortalecer la observancia de los derechos de propiedad intelectual, y en relación con las medidas en frontera, cuenta con una regulación específica.
Comentarios a la regulación “De la protección contra las prácticas desleales en materia de propiedad industrial” en Cuba. ¿Verdadera protección contra la competencia desleal?
Authors: D` Alvaré Dánice Vázquez
Published: December 2021

El artículo realiza un análisis de la nueva regulación sobre prácticas desleales en Cuba denominada “De la protección contra las prácticas desleales en materia de propiedad industrial” y su eficacia en la represión de los actos desleales, ya reconocidos y existentes en el mercado cubano, en las relaciones económicas de los diferentes actores que participan en la producción, los servicios y el tráfico económico. Para este estudio se realiza un acercamiento a la institución de la competencia desleal, un estudio doctrinal de la clasificación de los actos de competencia desleal y se presenta un estudio de casos que involucra el uso de signos distintivos en el territorio cubano por personas diferentes a sus titulares o imitaciones de algunas marcas registradas, en el nuevo contexto económico cubano.
Cancelación del certificado de registro marcario de la marca “Viche del Pacífico” por vulgarización
Authors: Rochel Kiara
Published: December 2021

Esta reseña expone el problema que surgió ante la vulgarización y posterior cancelación del registro de la marca Viche del Pacífico S.A.S., y muestra el análisis que realizó la Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio (SIC). En él se logró demostrar que esta bebida alicorada artesanal es reconocida por una parte importante de la población tanto de la región, como del territorio colombiano. Incluso llega a ser conocida internacionalmente. Así entonces, esta reseña pretende deducir si efectivamente el estudio realizado por la Superintendencia fue acertado, siguiendo los planteamientos presentados por ambas partes y la normatividad vigente para este caso en concreto, a fin de concluir si efectivamente existía una vulgarización de la marca y, por tanto, el registro debía ser cancelado.
Badania skoncentrowane na dzieciach, badania z udziałem dzieci, dzieci jako badacze. Etyczne i metodologiczne aspekty badań prowadzonych w nurcie nowej socjologii dzieci i dzieciństwa
Authors: Bunio-Mroczek Paulina
Published: December 2021

Badania dzieciństwa, w tym badania z udziałem dzieci, są rozwijającym się obszarem aktywności naukowej, podejmowanej w ramach interdyscyplinarnych nowych studiów nad dzieciństwem (new childhood studies). Obecnie opierają się na koncepcji dziecka jako aktywnego aktora społecznego oraz na prawach dziecka w rozumieniu Konwencji o prawach dziecka ONZ z 1989 roku. Prowadzenie badań skoncentrowanych na dzieciach i badań z udziałem dzieci, a także badań, w których dzieci przyjmują rolę badaczy (są współautorami badań) wymaga pogłębionej refleksji nad etyką i metodologią. Dzieci, jako przedstawiciele grupy mniejszościowej, podlegającej dyskryminacji i marginalizacji, zaliczane są do grupy „wrażliwych” (sensitive) i „nieuprzywilejowanych” (vulnerable) uczestników badań. Artykuł opiera się na analizie literatury przedmiotu i wywiadach eksperckich z badaczami/badaczkami dzieciństwa. W tekście prezentuję ważne etyczne i metodologiczne kwestie badań z udziałem dzieci wraz z przykładami rozwiązań stosowanych w tych obszarach w ramach nowych studiów dzieciństwa.
Something eventful this way comes: on pandemics, events and capitalism
Authors: Howard Jason
Published: December 2021

Existentially and conceptually the disruptive wake of Covid-19 is different from the kind of problems the global community has weathered in the past. My article draws on Alain Badiou’s notion of an “event”— something unpredictable in its local specificities and radically open in terms of its possible effects—to explore the ramifications of the pandemic. Badiou’s approach is distinctive in that it explores different kinds of social disruption and can help us grasp whether the pandemic might carry the seeds of a revolution. I explore the disruptive effects of Covid-19 by first defining Badiou’s notion of events, and then examine whether Covid-19 fits this definition. I argue that although the current pandemic does not satisfy all Badiou’s criteria, it nevertheless may precipitate an event because of the peculiar way it disrupts contemporary capitalism.
Resilience in a Kenyan informal settlement during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vertigans Stephen , Mueller-Hirth Natascha , Okinda Fredrick
Published: December 2021

Informal settlements have been identified as locations both where the spread of COVID-19 has generally been slower than within the Global North and measures to restrain the pandemic have further intensified local peoples’ marginality as income decreases without welfare or financial safety nets. In this paper, qualitative fieldwork is detailed which commenced in Korogocho, an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, immediately prior to national COVID-19 restrictions. This March 2020, pre-COVID phase of the fieldwork focused on a community-based project and the basis for resilience in transforming local lives. During the next 12 months of the pandemic fieldwork continued, exploring experiences and reactions to restraining policies. These findings reinforce concerns about the impact of COVID-19 related restrictions on marginalised peoples’ income, food security, health, safety and gender-based violence. How the local people reacted to these effects highlights their creative resilience and adaptability. The paper concludes by examining the impact of, and responses to, the controlling measures on the social relationships and cohesion that underpins the community resilience.
Developing STEM skills with water games in early childhood
Authors: Begecarslan Emine , Azahin Fatma , Azenel Beril , Kazmaz Elif , Garbey Zabeyde Burasin
Published: December 2021

Children curiously and instinctively ask questions about how, what and why about their environment. The aim of the study is to examine the effect of early childhood water games on the development of STEM skills. The study group consisted of 21 students of fifth grade of a primary school in İstanbul, Maltepe. In the research, water games related to swimming and stinging were played from salvation from desert island, and answers from the children such as let us do submarine, rainbow sherbet and let us carry the water. After the evaluation of the research data, the effect of the water games on the development of STEM skills was determined. In a study related to swimming and stinging in early childhood, children expressed that they found the swimming and stinging experience enjoyable. This paper recommends other researchers to work on different topics and in different age groups within the scope of the contribution of the games to the development of STEM skills.
Keywords: STEM, games, early childhood, Skills, water.
Effect of computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) on students’ essay writing skills and their attitude toward e-learning
Authors: Heydari Gujani Afsaneh , Jahangard Ali
Published: December 2021

Computer-supported Collaborative Learning has been the focus of investigation in the field of foreign language learning for many years. This study aimed to investigate the impact of learning through blogging on the students’ essay writing skill and attitude. A total of 96 students from a Technological university were assigned to the study and were divided into 2 groups of experimental (bloggers) and control (regular) groups. They were instructed in two different methods by using different teaching methodologies. The bloggers, the experimental group students, did not receive any direct teaching; in fact, they received the lessons through weblogs. The findings showed that blogging had a significantly better effect on the learners’ writing skill improvement than the regular class. Also, a semi-structured interview was conducted to investigate the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, actual use of web and the students' attitude toward blogging, whose results demonstrated that the students’ attitudes and feelings can be reshaped as a result of exposure to e-learning.
Keywords: Computer-supported, collaborative learning, blogging, e-learning, essay writing
Expectation vs. Reality: A Sentiment Analysis of Students’ Experience on Distance Learning
Authors: MAGAYON MA. VICTORIA CASTILLO , Saccuan Reynaldo , Carbonell Aileen
Published: December 2021

The landscape of education is changing amidst the coronavirus pandemic, especially in public schools of which students are not used to remote learning. According to the goal theory, there is a relationship between goal difficulty, level of performance and effort. For this reason, this study surfaced the level of expectation, performance and stance of action of students amidst the pandemic. Data were gathered through a survey questionnaire via online using Google Forms. The survey questionnaire composed of the profile of the respondents, rating scale on the level of expectation and perceived performance of the students. The findings reflected the expectation, performance and action plan of the students of which these data can be used as baseline data for planning of programme and activities to help students not feel the difficulty of learning in distance learning.
Keywords: Expectation, performance, distance learning, senior high school, sentiments.
CLINICAL EXAMPLES OF SKIN HEMORRHAGIC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN
Authors: Otto N. Yu , Bezrukova D. A , Dzhumagaziev A. A
Published: December 2021

The article describes clinical examples of hemorrhagic rash in children of various genesis, taken from the outpatient practice of a pediatric hematologist. The presented clinical cases reflect the variety of causes of hemorrhagic rashes in children.
STUDY OF SOME ASPETS NEUROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF PHENYLACETIC ACID AMIDES UNDER CONDITIONS OF FOCAL BRAIN ISCHEMIA
Authors: Chernikov M. V. , Sosnovskaya A. V. , Pozdnyakov D. I
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of studying the neuroprotective activity of carboxylic acid diamides under conditions of focal cerebral ischemia. The study was carried out on male Wistar rats, which underwent focal ischemia by irreversible occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. The compounds under study under the codes FacAc, FacPr, FisBut, Faib, the reference drug piracetam were injected intragastrically on the next day after the operation at a dose of 100 mg/kg and then for three days. The neuroprotective activity of the compounds was studied using models for assessing memory and cognitive functions -the technique of avoiding passive (CPAR) and active (EMT) environments, and also studied the effect of compounds on the size of the necrosis zone. In the course of the study, it was found that, against the background of focal cerebral ischemia, the use of diamides of carboxylic acids contributed to the preservation of the memory trace in rats, as well as the necrosis zone. The results of experimental data indicate the possibility of further in-depth study of the compounds under study under laboratory codes FacAc, FacPr, FisBut, Faib for neuroprotective activity.
CEREBROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NOVEL ADAMANTANE DE RIVATIVE OF 2-PYRROLIDONE IN RATS WITH BRAIN ISCHEMIA
Authors: Kovalev N. S , Bakulin D. A , Kurkin D. V , Dubrovina M. A , Tarasov A. S , Klimochkin Yu. N , Tkachenko I. M
Published: December 2021

The cerebroprotective effect of novel adamantane derivative of 2-pyrrolidone in rats with brain ischemia was studied. Pathology was modeled by irreversible occlusion of the common carotid arteries. In rats with experimental cerebral ischemia, there was a significant impairment of coordination of movements and sensory-motor functions: it was more difficult for animals to stay on the rotating rod, as well as in the «adhesive removal test» to notice and get rid of the sticker on the volar surface of the forepaws. In the «new object recognition» test, the animals of the control group showed impaired working memory. Course administration of the investigated derivative of 2-pyrrolidone and citicoline contributed to a significant correction of motor and cognitive impairments.
CORONAVIRUS AND VACCINATION: MEDICAL, BIOETHICAL AND
CONFESSIONAL DIMENSIONS
Authors: Kafarov Telman
Published: December 2021

This article discusses some controversial issues at the intersection of medicine, biology, philosophy, theology, religious studies and bioethics that have arisen in connection with the coronavirus and vaccination of the population, which are solved differently from the positions of different worldviews and faiths. It shows some of the costs of adapting religious denominations to the regulation of life in all spheres during the coronavirus period. It is proved that one of the reasons for the rapid spread of the virus is some actions of churches, mosques and synagogues in the direction of ensuring effective self-isolation and social distancing. It proves the undesirability and harmfulness of some public discussions about the strategy and tactics of line in a pandemic situation: the infectious safety of the rites of communion, baptism, etc.; the halal nature of antiviral drugs; the legality of the use of drugs that affect the individuals DNA; the admissibility of drugs made from abortive and other human materials
GOVERNING THE TEACHING HOSPITALS IN MALAYSIA: LEGAL ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Azmi Izuan Izzaidi , Ahmad Nurrulhuda , Aziz Norazlina Abdul , Ibrahim Irini , Malek Mazliyana
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Hospital, is an institution that is built, staffed, and equipped for the diagnosis of diseases; for the treatment, both medical and surgical, of the sick and the injured; and for their housing during this process. Generally, hospitals in Malaysia are being categorized into two categories which are: public and private. Another type of hospital that serves as a centre for investigation and teaching is known as a teaching hospital. It provides clinical education and training for future and current doctors, nurses, and other health professionals, in addition to delivering medical care to patients. Some teaching hospitals also have a commitment to research and are centres for experimental, innovative and technically sophisticated services. Despite its important roles, there is no specific legislation to govern the teaching hospital in Malaysia. This situation leads to uncertainties in some crucial areas of the governance.
Therefore, this study aims to explore the legal issues and challenges with regard to the teaching hospitals governance in Malaysia. A thorough doctrinal analysis is being conducted to examine the loopholes of the current legal position. The findings will be used to propose some recommendations for the improvement of the governance of the teaching hospitals in Malaysia.
Digital segmentation as a mechanism for linking social and ideological positions
Authors:   National Research University «Higher School of Economics», Korotaev Sergey A. ,   Institute of Sociology of the FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Сегментация аудитории сети интернет является, по мнению ряда исследователей, одним из негативных последствий бурного развития коммуникационных технологий. Сегментация создает преграды для общественной дискуссии, приводит к поляризации мнений, тем самым порождает опасность для реализации демократического управления. Деление россиян по принципу потребляемых ими медиа – телезрители и пользователи интернета – стало общим местом в высказываниях журналистов и экспертов. Такого рода наблюдения заставляют признать, что проблема сегментации аудитории СМИ в России является крайне актуальной исследовательской задачей. В работе предпринята попытка рассмотреть медиа предпочтения россиян, как переменную, опосредующую связь социальной позиции и политических предпочтений. Идеологические представления рассмотрены на примере экономического консерватизма (поддержка редистрибутивной политики), в качестве индикатора медиапотребления взята частота использования телевидения и интернета для получения новостей. Анализ строится на данных 7 волны World Values Survey, моделирование структурными уравнениями (SEM) составляет основной инструментарий анализа. Получено, что различия в медиа-потреблении (интернет против телевидения) полностью опосредуют влияние образования и частично дохода в объяснении приверженности редистрибутивным идеям. Данный результат является признаком существования ощутимой поляризации позиции тех, кто предпочитает получать новости из интернета, относительно более широкой телеаудитории. В заключении делается вывод о перспективности дальнейших исследований с привлечением более продвинутого инструментария для выделения транслирующих специфические точки зрения областей информационного пространства.
Quantitative analysis of fundamental frequency in Spanish (L2) and Brazilian Portuguese (L1)
Authors: Silva Cristiane Conceição , Arantes Pablo
Published: December 2021

This paper analyzes the intonation of Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) produced by monolingual speakers of both languages and bilingual BP speakers that lived in Spain on average for 6 years. Bilinguals produced data in both Spanish L2 (BL2) and BP L1 (BL1). Speech materials are sentences in different modalities (declaratives, yes-no and wh-questions) and reading styles (isolated sentences and storytelling). Fundamental frequency (f0) contours were analyzed to assess learning in Spanish L2 and language attrition in the L1 production of bilinguals. Variability in the f0 contours of the four language conditions was gauged by means of three indices (peak rate, peak range and global standard deviation). Dynamic time warping (DTW) distances between pairs of f0 contours were also measured as a way to measure within- and between-language differences in intonation patterns. The main results are: 1) BL2 and BL1 contours are significantly more variable than the monolingual ones both quantitatively and qualitatively; 2) BL2 contours partially converge towards the patterns of Spanish monolinguals, showing that there is learning; 3) there is evidence for language attrition in the form of transfer of Spanish patterns to BP contours produced by bilinguals; 4) Learning and attrition levels are different depending on sentence modality, such that learning is greater in modalities that differ less between BP and Spanish and attrition is greater in modalities that differ the most.
Optimization of Self Monitoring Blood Glucose in Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Detecting Hypoglicemia Episodes: Literature Review
Authors: Sari Ninik Ambar , Nurhayati Ceria
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that continues to increase from year to year. The act of detecting hypoglycemic episodes is a must for a diabetic patient. This study aims to present the optimization of blood glucose self-monitoring measures in patients with diabetes mellitus and to review some of the literature on this topic.Methods: This study is a form of literature review of articles with the theme Optimization Self Monitoring Blood Glucose in diabetes mellitus patient detecting hypoglicemia episodes. Articles in this study came from the electronic databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, Proquest, Scopus and Science Direct from 2005 to 2020. Results: Search results using the keywords Self Management Blood Glucose, Hypoglicemia, Diabetes Mellitus were obtained from 57 articles. 18 articles that met the inclusion criteria were then reviewed for their full text. Conclusion: Self Monitoring Blood Glucose is a preventive measure in detecting hypoglycemic episodes. This intervention is the best choice for patients to prevent further complications.
Pemberian Kopi Arabika Gayo Pasca Stress Fisik Akut Submaksimal Tidak Mempercepat Penurunan Kadar laktat dan Peningkatan Glukosa Darah Pada Orang Tidak Terlatih
Authors: Zulfahmi Hadyan
Published: December 2021

Jaringan otot memiliki fungsi penting untuk berkontraksi. Ketersediaan energi sangat terbatas dan akan habis untuk kontraksi otot yang membutuhkan tenaga besar dalam waktu yang singkat. Energi didapatkan dari proses fosforilasi non-oksidatif (Anaerob) yang menghasilkan asam laktat. Kafein pada kopi arabika gayo akan meningkatkan oksidasi asam lemak dan menurunkan oksidasi karbohidat. Hal tersebut berdampak pada penurunan laktat darah. Konsumsi kopi menurunan laktat darah sehingga mempercepat  recovery kelelahan setelah latihan fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kopi arabika gayo pasca stress fisik akut submaksimal terhadap kadar laktat dan glukosa darah terhadap proses recovery otot setelah latihan fisik pada orang tidak terlatih. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimetal dengan metode post-test only control group design. Sampel penelitian adalah laki laki dengan usia 21-27 tahun dan diambil dengan teknik simple   random   sampling.   Pengambilan   data   dilaksanakan   di   Laboraturium   Olahraga Universitas Surabaya pada Desember 2018. Hasil penelitian ini dianalisis dengan SPSS 17. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi penurunan laktat dan peningkatan glukosa darah pada kelompok kontrol (1,609 ± 1,2597 mmol/l; 15,182 ± 15,2041 mg/dl, kopi 1 (2,527 ± 1,2744 mmol/;15,727 ± 9,8396 mg/dl), kopi 2 (1,873 ± 1,3350 mmol/l; 12,727 ± 8,5684 mg/dl). Pemberian kopi arabika gayo pasca stress fisik akut submaksimal setelah lathan fisik dan pada orang tidak terlatih tidak memiliki pengaruh menurunkan kadar laktat darah dan meningkatkan kadar glukosa darah
READING POVERTY IN MODERNIST LITERATURE: RIFFATERRIAN SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS ON T.S ELIOT'S MORNING AT THE WINDOW
Authors: Hutami Nestiani , Adrian Diaz
Published: December 2021

Abstract: The idea of poverty as the theme has been recurrently used in literature. However, it is rarely come across in Modernist Literature. Accordingly, this study examines poverty as the theme, which is also the main issue in a poem written by T.S. Eliot entitled Morning at the Window. To dive deep into the main issue of the poem, it uses a close-reading method. It focuses on how the text of the poem represents the main issue in which the poem tries to convey. To come into the results of the study, three aspects from Semiotics of Poetry by Michael Riffaterre are used, which are unsustainable expressions, heuristic and hermeneutic reading, and matrix. Analyzing these three aspects, the results show that the representation of poverty as the main issue is evidently stated. The diction in the poem successfully creates the images and set the tone that correlates with poverty.
THE EUROPEAN DIMENSION OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND EXPERIENCES IN TOURISM OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
Authors: Cetinski Vinka , Perićć Marko , Sugar Violeta
Published: December 2021

Public-private partnership (PPP) is a method for developing sustainable development that has been proven worldwide and endorsed in practice, and its ultimate aim is to increase the overall well-being of society. In a variety of ways, it brings together the interests of the public, private and civil sector in meeting specific needs for augmenting the quality and/or availability of services and products The European Union (UN) has not always supported the co-financing of projects devised as PPP. Recently, however, it has begun to encourage a wider application of this form of financing that demonstrates a huge potential in accomplishing public services, that is, projects intended for the public. Marketing and promotion, product development, education, financing and investment, and environmental protection are but some of the areas of public-private collaboration in tourism in a global setting. The purpose of this paper is to provide an outline of world experience and practice in PPP with emphasis on the EU, so that Croatia, by taking under consideration these experiences, advantages and disadvantages, may define an appropriate legal and business framework and identify the criteria for the successful implementation of PPP in its economy, and in particular, in tourism, one of its highest-growth industries.
SECURITY AS A FACTOR OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN TOURISM
Authors: Kekovic Zoran , Markovic Slobodan
Published: December 2021

: Security and protection demands in tourism industry are very high due to the vulnerability of its infrastructure in light of security challenges and threats. Actual threats appear in the form of endangering the values that compose a train of products and services in tourism – from the moment of buying/selling a package tour, transfer of passengers and luggage to their destination, to stay in hotels and meeting different needs of tourists. This work addresses the criminal, terrorist, and economic threats to hotels. The effects of these and other threats may endanger the foreign investments in tourism industry and the arrival of foreign tourists who, as the newest polls show, prioritize security factor in their selection of tourist destination. The hotel security issue is addressed in light of its preference when selecting tourism supply and services, which is an important indication of competitive advantage.
ANALYSES OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF NOVI SAD AS A REGIONAL CONGRESS DESTINATION
Authors: Dragičević Vanja , Armenski Tanja , Jovicic Dobrica
Published: December 2021

On the congress tourism market, especially in Europe where are held the largest number of congress, is extremely high competition between countries for the host role of the large international meetings that bring not only economic prosperity to the country, but can contribute to its destination image. Apart from the traditional congress destinations, many new congress destinations have been appeared on the European tourism market. The convention market worldwide, and especially in Europe with its wide range of traditional and new Meetings and MICE infrastructure, is extremely competitive. Identifying existing competitors as well as potential ones, is an integral part of successful management of tourism (congress) destination. The aim of the study is to analyse the competitive position of Novi Sad as a congress destination by comparison with the major competitors in the region.
MANAGING ORGANIZATIONAL KNOWLEDGE WHILE DOWNSIZING ORGANIZATIONS∗
Authors: Petkovicć Mirjana , Aleksić Mirić Ana
Published: December 2021

In this paper we investigate potential influence of organizational downsizing on organizational knowledge and learning. We discuss organizational downsizing in order to show that in large it is an issue of organizational design, and as such, managerial activity that must be coordinated with another - managing organizational knowledge. From this standpoint, we theorize that if these two managerial activities are not coordinated, organizational downsizing can lead to uncontrolled knowledge leakages, which can show to have unforeseen effects on organizational well-being in long term.
Adaptive mesh refinement technique for continuum mechanics problems
Authors: Grigorjev Sergej Konstantinovich , Bay Anton Alekseevich , Boykov Dmitri Sergeevich , Bagdasarov Gennadiy Alekseevich , Sharova Yulia Sergeevna
Published: December 2021

Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) is widely used today as a way to solve problems in the mechanics of continuous media, which makes it possible to increase the accuracy of the solution at an economical cost of computational resources. The paper presents new structures for storing and processing data for octree mesh adaptation in the leaf model paradigm. The current version of the technique implements a set of algorithms focused on applications to cluster-type parallel computing systems: dynamic mesh adaptation, data structure synchronization, and load balancing of the computing complex. The developed toolkit supports the functionality required for the implementation of various numerical models of continuum mechanics. As an example of possible applications, a difference schemes for heat conduction and gas dynamics using the developed AMR technique are discussed. The results of numerical experiments with model problems are presented.
The role of Vitamin D in the prevention of pregnancy complications and childhood diseases in the first year of life
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Shikh E.V. , Makhova A.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Sizova Zh.M. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Shikh N.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Vitamin D status during pregnancy has an impact on fetal growth and development and plays an important role in the prevention of pregnancy complications. Fetal vitamin D supplementation is completely dependent on maternal status, which explains the high correlation between 25(OH)D concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood. Adequate vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women is associated with a decreased risk of preterm birth and low birth weight. Most newborns, regardless of gestational age, have insufficient vitamin D levels. Thus, the problem of Vitamin D supplementation is relevant not only for pregnant women, but also for newborns. Research studies of recent years have aimed at comparing the efficacy of Vitamin D dosing to prevent pregnancy complications. Doses higher than 4000 IU have virtually no effect on the risk of preeclampsia compared with doses of 4000 IU or less. Administration of Vitamin D in doses less than 2000 IU per day reduces the risk of low birth weight, intrauterine or neonatal mortality. Doses higher than 2000 IU have no additional benefit. Recommendations for vitamin D supplementation based on objective pharmacokinetic characteristics should be developed. Key words: pregnancy, vitamin D, doses, preterm birth, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia
Echocardiographic parameters of left heart chambers in women with gestational hypertension
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Konyshko N.A. , Morozova T.E. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Gertsog A.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Volynets L.I. ,   Smolensk Regional Clinical Hospital, Smolensk, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Objective. To study ultrasound structural and functional features of left heart chambers in women with gestational hypertension (GH) of different severity. Patients and methods. A total of 489 patients with GH (n = 183) and 306 pregnant women without clinical somatic pathology were examined. Results. As predictors of myocardial remodeling in women with a history of GH from the second trimester may be considered: left atrial (LA) enlargement with a diameter above 3.51 ± 0.12 cm, its sphericity index (SI) above 0.71 ± 0.02 standard units (SI units), interventricular septal relative thickness (IVS RT) above 0.35 ± 0.01 SI units, ratio of left ventricular myocardial mass to body surface area more than 68.25 ± 4.17 g/cm2 with end-diastolic volume index (EDVI) greater than 2.48 ± 0.12 cm/m2, myocardial volume index (MVI) less than 0.77 ± 0.02 mL/g, right atrial diameter greater than 3.5 (2.5–4) cm, right ventricular end-diastolic volume index more than 1.22 ± 0.04 cm, end-diastolic velocity (EDVel) more than 182.54 ± 11.17 dyn/cm2, endsystolic velocity (ESVel) less than 185.01 ± 12.69 dyn/cm2. Conclusion. The correlation of cardiac remodeling in women during pregnancy was established: with increasing severity of GH, the left atrial diameter and its sphericity index increase, as well as the left ventricular mass index, mainly due to volumetric parameters and interventricular septal thickness. Key words: left cardiac remodeling, gestational hypertension For citation: Konyshko N.A., Morozova T.E., Gertsog A.A., Volynets L.I. Echocardiographic parameters of left heart chambers in women with gestational hypertension. Vopr. ginekol. akus. perinatol. (Gynecology, Obstetrics and Perinatology). 2021; 20(5): 29–35. (In Russian). DOI: 10.20953/1726-1678-2021- 5-29-35
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. A 15-year experience in using fetoscopic therapy
Authors:   M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bugerenko A.E.
Published: December 2021

This article presents the aspects of fetoscopic laser coagulation of anastomoses (FLCA) for treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome in the Russian Federation and worldwide. Own experience is correlated with the world one. There is a significant need for domestic medicine to increase the number of clinics that provide this type of intervention. Nevertheless, there is no obvious lag in comparing the results of FLCA in the Russian Federation. Key words: monochorionic pregnancy, fetoscopy, laser coagulation of anastomoses, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome