bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review of ergogenic nutritional supplements for athletes
Authors: Ayşe Gunes-Bayir , İpek Melek Çemberci
Published: November 2023

Ergogenic supplements are defined as substances that contribute to or support the doing or production of a job. These supplements are used for many purposes such as increasing the performance of athletes, accelerating recovery in athletes, improving capacity, and reducing and preventing muscle injuries and muscle fatigue. Ergogenic supplements, which are of great interest to athletes and trainers, are classified as nutritional aids, pharmacological aids, psychological aids, mechanical and biomechanical aids, and physiological aids. Among these supplements, they are the most actively used nutritional aids and attract attention in the market as muscle-building nutritional supplements, weight-reducing nutritional supplements, performance-enhancing nutritional supplements, and general health-promoting nutritional supplements. Protein and amino acids provide benefits in long-term or short-term explosive power activities. Fats are used as the main fuel in long-term aerobic exercises. In addition, caffeine, ginseng, antioxidants, and coenzyme Q10 also serve as ergogenic nutritional supplements. It has been reported in studies that minerals such as B, C and E vitamins, chromium, magnesium, iron, and zinc affect sports performance in a good way. In case of deficiency of the aforementioned vitamins and minerals in athletes, many negativities occur. In this study, the use of ergogenic nutritional supplements by athletes before, during, and after training was compiled using the current literature on the types of these supplements.
The effect of exercise preconditioning with high-intensity interval training on cardiac protection following induction of myocardial infarction through mitochondrial dynamic changes in cardiac tissue in male rats
Authors: Azam Ahmadi , Majid Kashef , Hamid Rajabi , Mojtaba Salehpour
Published: November 2023

Exercise training prevents the adverse effects of Myocardial Infarction (MI) and Ischemia/Reperfusion (I / R) and it seems that mitochondria have an important role in exercise-induced cardioprotection. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise preconditioning with 4 weeks of High-Intensity Exercise Training (HIIT) on cardiac damage and mitochondrial dynamic proteins as effective factors in cardiac protection following MI. Twenty Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups HIIT + MI, MI, HIIT, and Control. Training groups performed 4 weeks (5 days per week) of high-intensity interval training. HIIT protocol consisted of 10*1min running intervals that were separated by 2 min rest. Training intensity varied every week. For induction of myocardial infarction, a subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol was used. Creatine Kinase (CK) and lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured in serum and Drp1, and Mfn2 gene expression were measured by the real-time PCR method in the heart tissue. The results of the present study showed that CK and LDH in MI were significantly higher in HIIT + MI (p < 0.05). myocardial infarction results in a significant increase in Drp1 gene expression in the MI and HIIT + MI groups relative to the Control group. The expression of the Drp1 gene was lower in the HIIT + MI group than in the MI group, but it was not statistically significant. Also, the results demonstrated that Mfn2 was no significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). It seems that four weeks of exercise preconditioning with HIIT training reduced injury and necrosis in cardiac tissue and can increase cardio-protection. Also, no significant effect was observed in reducing Drp1 expression due to HIIT which may indicate the need for a longer training period.
Investigational Pregabalin Effect on Sleep in Patients with Neuropathic Pain and Sleep Maintenance Disturbance: A Multicentric Study
Authors: Patel Tusharkumar R , Chaudhary Hirenkumar R
Published: November 2023

Objective: Our goal is to research how Pregabalin affects sleep maintenance in a group of neuropathic pain patients. Method and Material: A cross-sectional study including a sample of 600 patients was carried out. Patients with a neuropathic pain diagnosis were selected from three hospitals in Gandhinagar. After a medical professional diagnosed the patients with neuropathic pain, they were given a detailed description of the study's approach and asked for their informed consent. Subjects who are open to participating in the study and meet the inclusion and exclusion requirements. The demographic baseline evaluation and PSQI score were completed during Visit-01. After Visit-01, patients began receiving Pregabalin. After approximately 30 days from the date of enrolment, the patient was being monitored. The PSQI score was evaluated 30 days later. The Independent Ethics Committee (IEC) approved the PSQI Questioner and Informed Consent form after reviewing them. SPSS was used to statistically analyze the data (p < 0.05). Results: To evaluate variations in the distribution of "sleep disturbances vs. Sleep maintenance" (PSQI), we looked at the PSQI by time point. By using two-tailed paired t-tests, PSQI were compared for baseline and intervention conditions. Pregabalin treatment pre- and post-treatment were shown to differ significantly. Discussion: Sleep disturbances are prevalent characteristics of neuropathic pain that are well-known and well-documented. Patients with Neuropathic Pain had statistically significant improvements in sleep maintenance in the current investigation. Conclusion: The data presented here show that Pregabalin improves sleep quality in patients being treated for neuropathic pain
Effect of Yoga Therapy with Ayurvedic Diet on Sleep Quality Among Aged Insomniac Women
Authors: Mathew Deepak , Muthulakshmi R.
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the impact of a holistic approach combining Yoga therapy and Ayurvedic dietary interventions on sleep quality in aged women suffering from insomnia. A single group study was conducted, involving aged women (age range: 60 to 70years) diagnosed with insomnia based on standardized assessment criteria. The intervention group attended supervised Yoga sessions six times a week for 12 weeks, complemented by personalized Ayurvedic dietary recommendations. The primary outcome measure was sleeping quality, assessed using standardized sleep quality indice, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), administered at baseline and post-intervention (12 weeks). Secondary outcome measure was anxiety and fear acessed by VAS (Visual Analog Scale). Preliminary results indicate a significant improvement in sleep quality in the intervention group, as evidenced by reductions in ISI scores, anxiety and fear (p < 0.001). These results imply that the integration of Yoga therapy with Ayurvedic dietary practices can have a positive and long-lasting impact on quality of sleep and general wellbeing in aged women with insomnia. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential benefits of a holistic approach to addressing insomnia in aged women, emphasizing the role of complementary therapies such as Yoga and Ayurvedic dietary interventions in improving sleep quality and enhancing overall quality of life. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects and mechanisms underlying these positive outcomes.
Evaluation of Corneal High Order Aberrations in Post Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis versus Photorefractive Keratectomy in Myope
Authors: Ahmed Mansour Hassan , Haroun Hazem Effat , Mohammed Sahar Ibrahim , Abdelsayed Shrief Kamel Safena
Published: November 2023

Background Aberrations of the eye are the difference between two surfaces: the ideal and the actual wave front. Higher order aberrations are a relatively small component, comprising about 10% of the eye’s total aberrations. High order aberrations increase with age and minor symmetry exists between the right and the left eyes. Aim and objectives To Compare corneal high order aberrations in post laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis with corneal high order aberrations in post Photorefractive keratectomy in myope. Subjects and methods this study was designed as a prospective randomized intervention study that conducted on 40 myopic eyes. The eyes divided into two randomized groups. Group A: 20 myopic eyes corrected with laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis and Group B: 20 myopic eyes corrected with Photorefractive keratectomy. Cases were collected for LASIK and PRK at operative theater in Beni-Suef University Hospital and clear vision laser center in Cairo, from May 2019 till January 2022. Result There was clinically significant difference between pre- and post-operative visual acuity, vertical trefoil and vertical coma of LASIK group and there was clinically significant between pre- and post-operative visual acuity, vertical trefoil and vertical coma of PRK group. But there was no significant difference between LASIK and PRK in visual acuity, spherical aberration, higher order 5 mm and 6 mm, vertical coma and Vertical trefoil. Conclusion There is non-significant increase in higher order aberration and spherical aberration post LASIK and post PRK with lesser amount in PRK.
Awareness of Child Abuse and Neglect Among the Saudi Population: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alruwaili Nahi Sabih Q , Alanazi Abdulaziz Mohammed Mukhlef , Alrawaili Naif Mohammad , Alzalbani Abdullah Khalid M , Alanazi Malek Saad M , Alotibi Fahad Abdullah J , Alanazi Rakan Zuwayyid Aqayl , Alruwaili Mooj Mohammed , Alanazi Abdulrahman Mohammed M
Published: November 2023

Background: Child abuse and neglect (CAN) is a pressing global issue with profound implications for the well-being of children. Study aim: The aim of this systematic review is to examine the existing literature and synthesize evidence on the awareness, knowledge, and attitudes towards child abuse and neglect within the Saudi population. Methods: This systematic review synthesizes the existing literature to illuminate the awareness, knowledge, and attitudes surrounding CAN within the Saudi population. Ten studies spanning the years 2019 to 2023 were meticulously analyzed, offering a comprehensive snapshot of CAN perceptions across various segments of society. Results: The studies, encompassing diverse methodologies and populations, collectively underscore the commendable levels of awareness and knowledge demonstrated by healthcare professionals, including primary health care physicians, nurses, and medical practitioners. Notably, several studies reveal that these professionals exhibit robust recognition of different forms of child abuse, a vital aspect in the identification and prevention of abuse cases. While positive attitudes towards CAN were prevalent among healthcare providers, barriers to reporting were highlighted. Fear of consequences and uncertainty emerged as key deterrents to reporting among medical and dental students and nurses, respectively. These findings emphasize the necessity for creating supportive environments that empower professionals to report suspected cases of abuse while addressing apprehensions. Parental perception of CAN also came into focus, revealing a disparity between the recognition of CAN as a common problem and adequate knowledge of emotional abuse and neglect. These findings point towards a need for targeted public awareness campaigns that differentiate between disciplinary practices and abusive behaviours. Conclusion: In conclusion, this systematic review offers a nuanced understanding of the Saudi population's awareness, knowledge, and attitudes towards child abuse and neglect. The synthesis of findings across diverse studies informs future interventions, advocating for enhanced awareness, reporting, and prevention strategies. By empowering individuals and professionals alike, a safer environment for Saudi children can be nurtured, fostering a future free from the shadows of abuse and neglect.
Land-Based Malacological Diversity of Some Aromatic and Medicinal Plants in The Jbel Zerhoun Region (Morocco)
Authors: N Mzoudi , E. Rour
Published: November 2023

The Jbel Zerhoun region is a geographical entity whose features create a wholly unique natural environment full of aromatic and therapeutic plants. In this work, we represent the study of malacological diversity on five lamiaceae abundant in the region, which are horehound, thyme, sage, lavender and spearmint. The results of the study showed a malacological richness of 13 species on spearmint, 12 species on thyme, 11 species on sage, 10 species on lavender with only 3 species on horehound. The different species belong to four families, which are Parmacellidae, Milacidae, Sphincterochilidae, Helcidae and Subulinidae. The Helicidae family is the most abundant with 10 species ; the Otala genus is the most represented on the different plants with the exception of horehound. The Parmacellidae family represented by the Parmacella deshayesi species is present only on spearmint, the Milicidae represented by Milax gagates is present on four plants, and absent on thyme, the species albea candidissima of the family Sphincterochilidae is present on four lamiaceae, absent on horehound. Rumina decollata is the only species of the Subulinidae family, which is present on all the plants studied with Theba pissana of the Helicidae family. The vertical distribution of the different species is presented at the end of the study.
Overview on Blood Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases
Authors: Hussain Mohammed Salah , Hussain Qahtani, Saad , Alsubhi Abeer Ali M , Alanazi Ahmed Maashi Helal , Abdelbagi Douaa Elnail , Al Hattab Khalid Hamad , Abdelfadeel Wala Hassan Khalafalla , Aljohani Wesal Ali , Albalawi Shama Mousa , Alsubhi Kholod Khaled , Alomran Abdulrahman Abdulaziz , A Aldoseri, Huda Amer , Alsaery Tahani Saleh A
Published: November 2023

As it is important for the Blood transfusion to be extremely safe, some measures have to be taken long safeguarded the blood supply from the major transfusion transmissible diseases (TTIs).  The risk of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) rises with the number of donors exposed, and the effects of TTI are frequently more severe in immune compromised people. TTIs (hepatitis B virus [HBV], HIV, and hepatitis C virus [HCV]) are examples of typical transfusion-transmitted infectious agents. As a result of the gradual application of nucleic acid-amplification technology (NAT) screening for HIV, HCV, and HBV, the residual risk of infected window-period donations has been minimized. Nonetheless, infections emerge far more frequently than is commonly acknowledged, needing ongoing surveillance and individual assessment of transfusion-associated risk. Although there is a constant need to monitor present dangers owing to established TTI, the ongoing issues in blood safety are mostly related to surveillance for developing agents, as well as the creation of quick reaction systems when such agents are detected.
Comparative study of functional and radiological outcomes of the usage of two devices, derotation type cephalomedullary nail and the helical blade type in unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the geriatric population at a tertiary-level center
Authors: Prakash Vishal , Singh Neelu , Gupta Govind Kumar , Prabhat Vinay
Published: November 2023

Background: Intertrochanteric fracture is a common osteoporotic fracture among elderly populations in an aging society. Early surgical fixation on these aging patients has been proposed recently for early rehabilitation and has had a positive impact on reducing comorbidities. For unstable fractures, intramedullary implants generally present biomechanical advantages over their extramedullary counterparts.
Methods: The study was a 2 years prospective comparative study from 1st December 2020 to 1st December 2022 conducted in the department of orthopaedics, Rajendra institute of medical sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. Total number of patients were 50, PFN done in 25 cases and PFN-A2 in another 25 cases.
Results: Mean age is 64.4 years in PFN group as compared to 67.3 years in PFN-A2 group. PFN-A2 was done in 84% male while PFN in only 76 % male and in both groups right side was mostly affected. Average surgery time, amount of blood loss, average number of C-arm shoot was more in PFN group.
Conclusions: In this study of 50 patients, 25 treated by PFN and 25 by PFN-A2, it was concluded that PFN-A2 was a better construct to treat patients of older age group having osteoporosis because here reaming was not done and helical blade was inserted by hammering which caused compaction of bones in head and neck region.
Qualidade de vida e condições de saúde de acadêmicos do curso de fisioterapia
Authors: Silva Paula Cristina de Sousa , De Sousa Juliane Carla Medeiros , Nogueira Emanuely Rolim , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de , Assis Elisangela Vilar , Dias Michel Jorge
Published: November 2023

O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a qualidade de vida e as condições de saúde de acadêmicos do curso de fisioterapia da Faculdade Santa Maria. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio de uma abordagem quantitativa de cunho analítico-descritivo. O estudo foi composto por 100 estudantes do curso de fisioterapia, a amostra se deu por conveniência e de forma aleatória. Foi utilizado um questionário elaborado pelos pesquisadores, contendo dados sobre o perfil sociodemográfico e condições de saúde. Foi utilizado o questionário Short Form-36 (SF-36) e o Self Report Questionnaire (SQR-20) para avaliação da saúde mental. Observou o predomino de sexo feminino (85%), faixa etária de 18 a 25 anos (81%) e solteiros (89%), não fumantes (95%), que consomem bebidas alcoólicas (50%), realizam atividade física (64%) e apresentando alterações na coluna vertebral (27%). Sobre a qualidade de vida, os domínios que apresentaram maiores percentuais foram os aspectos funcionais com a média de 97,8 e os aspectos emocionais com 97,3. De acordo com os índices encontrados da SRQ-20, o valor total do escore encontra-se com média 5, e os intervalos de confiança se situando entre 4,3 e 5,7, indicando assim, os estudantes de fisioterapia não apresentam transtornos mentais comuns. O estudo verificou que os discentes apresentam problemas relacionados à sua condição de saúde, indicando que esses estudantes apresentam qualidade de vida comprometida. Sobre os transtornos mentais, os resultados indicam que os participantes não apresentam nenhum tipo de transtorno ou distúrbio psiquiátrico que possa trazer prejuízos na aprendizagem dos mesmos.
Vitamina D como agente coadjuvante no tratamento da tuberculose pulmonar
Authors: Ferreira Pequeno Stéphany , Pinheiro do Nascimento Lizandra , Clementino Leite Mendes Beatriz , Carlos Gomes de Alencar Yan , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de
Published: November 2023

A tuberculose (TB) é uma infecção bacteriana grave, transmitida pelo ar e causada pela bactéria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Atualmente, existe um amplo interesse em usar a vitamina D3 (VitD3) como terapêutica adjuvante da TB, dado que numerosos estudos in vitro demonstraram seus efeitos diretos e indiretos nas atividades micobactericidas. O objetivo desse estudo foi apresentar uma revisão sobre a ação da vitamina D no tratamento da tuberculose e relacionar algumas das principais evidências científicas atuais sobre a suplementação da vitamina D em seres humanos portadores da doença. O método utilizado foi uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RIL), o qual proporciona a síntese de conhecimento e a incorporação da aplicabilidade de resultados de estudos significativos na prática. A vitamina D está associada à susceptibilidade da TB e pode ter um efeito adjuvante na prevenção do agravo. Com isso a vitamina D parece ter um ótimo papel suplementar positivo. As constatações desta investigação podem abrir caminhos para novos ensaios referentes à associação vitamina D e tuberculose.
Distribution features of mobile forms of heavy metals and magnetic properties of soils in the Dubravniy Forest recreational area of the city of Kazan, Russia
Authors: Fattakhova L. A. , Reshetnikov M. V. , Kuzina D. M.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To compare the results of studying the magnetic properties and concentration of heavy metals in the soils of the Dubravniy Forest recreational zone of Kazan to justify the use of the petromagnetic method in conducting ecological and geochemical studies in urbanised areas.Material and Methods. The object of the study is the soil cover in the "Dubravniy Forest", using petromagnetic methods (magnetic susceptibility, differential thermomagnetic analysis) and atomic absorption spectrometry.Results. According to the results of the studies conducted into the lightgray forest soil, the measurements of magnetic susceptibility and concentration of mobile forms of heavy metals do not contradict each other and indicate the absence of magnetic minerals and heavy metals of technogenic origin.Conclusions. The results of magnetic susceptibility studies indicate the absence of soil contamination with heavy metal compounds, which was confirmed by the results of the determination of mobile forms of heavy metals by the atomic absorption method.
Monitoring greenhouse gas emissions at the WAY CARBON carbonic polygon through regenerative animal husbandry
Authors: Bekmurzaeva R. H. , Bulaeva N. M.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To monitor the flows of climatically active gases at the carboxylic range of the A.A. Kadyrov Chechen State University through regenerative animal husbandry.Material and Methods. We have been studying the territory of the northern slope of the Khoysko-Makozhoy depression allocated for pasture areas from April 2022 to the present. Reconnaissance and field studies were carried out, data were collected and processed in key areas to assess the seasonal dynamics of CO2 emissions, temperature and soil moisture in key areas. Information that is freely available on the Internet was used.Results. The article describes the territory of the carbon polygon, which is 1054 hectares in extent at the time of writing. The territory is divided into sections: reference, moderate and intensive grazing (ET, UM, IN - respectively). Experimental data were obtained from landfill sites; the main greenhouse gases, soil temperature and moisture, microbiological and chemical analyzes of the soil.Conclusions. The studies initiated in 2022 have made it possible to develop methodological foundations for systemic conjugate monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions at a carbon landfill using regenerative animal husbandry.
Genetic variability of the pear lace bug Stephanitis pyri F. (Heteroptera: Tingidae) in Krasnodar Territory, Russia
Authors: Besedinа E. N. , Kil V. I.
Published: November 2023

Aim. Study of the genetic variability of the pear lace bug Stephanitis pyri F. depending on geographical location and trophic specialization.Material and Methods. The object of the study was insect samples (n=60) from the natural population of the pear lace bug Stephanitis pyri F. (Tingidae: Heteroptera) in the Krasnodar Territory: in Krasnodar, Kropotkin and Novorossiysk. The collection of S. pyri bugs was carried out on model trees of domestic apple (Malus domestica Borkh) and sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). Molecular genetic analysis was carried out in several stages: sample preparation, DNA extraction, and diagnostics based on RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA)‐PCR (DNA amplification).Results. With the help of molecular genetic markers, the genetic variability of the pear lace bug in the Krasnodar Territory was studied. The indicators of genetic differentiation between geographic (Gst=0.209) and trophic (Gst=0.049–0.302) intrapopulation groups of S. pyri were calculated. The levels of variability were determined within geographic (79.1 %) and trophic groups (70.0–95.1 %), as well as between them – 20.9 % and 4.9–30 %, respectively. The influence of the food factor on the genetic diversity and differentiation of insect populations is shown through the example of the Kropotkin trophic group of bugs that prefer the sour cherry P. cerasus as the main food plant.Conclusion. A small effect of isolation by distance was noted, which was characterized by a weak dependence of geographical and genetic distances between the population groups of the pear lace bug. The influence of the nutritional factor on the genetic variability of phytophages populations has been established, as is confirmed by other researchers.
The fish helminth fauna of Lake Sevan during a period of water level change
Authors: Hovhannisyan R. L. , Rukhkyan M. Ya. , Harutyunova L. D. , Magomedova M. Z. , Magomedova P. D.
Published: November 2023

Aim. The aim of the work is to study the fish helminth fauna of Lake Sevan basin.Material and Methods. Fish helminths and molluscs were collected from the Lake Sevan basin. A total of 214 specimens of fish were studied. The collection, cameral processing and determination of the material was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the BioStat 2009 computer program. 124 specimens of molluscs were examined from the littoral of the Lake Sevan. The collection and identification of molluscs was carried out according to generally accepted methods. The work was carried out at the Scientific Centre of Zoology and Hydroecology of NAS of the Republic of Armenia. Its own collections have been used as material.Results. Trematodes, cestodes, nematodes and acanthocephals were found аs a result of studies of fish from the Lake Sevan basin. The total infestation of the fish by helminths was 27.1 %. Six species of helminths have been identified, two of which are the first to be recorded in new hosts in Armenia. The higher infestations of fish were noted by metacercariae of the trematode Diplostomum sp. and plerocercoids of the cestode Ligula intestinalis. A brief analysis of the infestation of fish by the detected helminths is given.Conclusion. The species composition of the helminth fauna of fish in the Lake Sevan basin was studied. Pathogens of dangerous helminthiases causing the death of fish have been noted. Studies of the helminth fauna of fish in the Lake Sevan basin are relevant and will be continued. Most of the species of fish affected by helminths are of economic importance. Some species of the helminths which were found are very invasive and cause great damage to the fisheries of the republic.
On the study of complexes of gall‐forming insects and mites of the fauna of Dagestan, Russia
Authors: Fedotova Z. A. , Nakhibasheva G. M. , Mukhtarova G. M. , Bekshokov K. S. , Gasangadzhieva A. G.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To identify complexes of gall‐forming insects and mites in the fauna of Dagestan, which, together with other inhabitants of galls, are evolutionarily associated with common plant species and genera.Materials and Methods. The materials were collected in the plains and mountains of Dagestan. Standard methods were used: inspection of plants, search and mass collection of galls; breeding imago and production of preparations of larvae and adults.Results. Assemblages of gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae), psyllids, aphids (Hemiptera, Aphalaridae, Psyllidae, Aphididae) and gall four‐legged mites (Acari, Eriophyidae) dominate. Additionally, for the fauna of Dagestan, 7 species of 5 genera Eriophyidae and 24 species of 12 genera of insects were identified, including 16 species of 7 genera Cecidomyiidae. Newly recorded for the fauna of Russia are 3 species of 2 genera of mites and 13 species of 8 genera of gall midges: Aceria labiatiflorae (Thomas), A. thomasi (Nalepa), Paraphytoptus chondrillae (Canestrini), Contarinia cardariae Fedotova, C. desertorum Marikovskij, Arthrocnodax chondrillaphylus Fedotova, A. saliciphilus Fedotova, A. origani Fedotova, A. thymiphilus Fedotova, Ozirhincus longicollis Rondani, Dasineura scorzonerifloris Fedotova, Jaapiella chondrillae Skuhravá, Spurgia seguierianae Fedotova, Euphorbomyia loewii (Mik), Marikovskiana dentipes Marikovskij. Larvae of predatory gall midges are almost always found in mite galls.Conclusion. Information about the diversity of gall‐forming complexes in Dagestan will be useful for assessing evolutionary relationships between them and plants and will give an idea of the richness of the fauna in the organisation of protected natural areas and recreational zones.
Resilience of traditional midwifery in Southern Cameroons: 1922-1961
Authors: Lueong Nina-Prazil LIENJEH , Ngwa Canute A.
Published: November 2023

It is instructive that well organized healthcare systems existed in Africa before contacts with the outside world. During this period, midwifery services were prioritized because societal wellbeing depended on the quality and availability of child and maternity services. The arrival of European colonial imperialists with their assumed superior culture/civilization and their colonial economic agenda caused the introduction of Western biomedicine. This was intended in part to maintain a constant and healthy work force for colonial exploitation. Drawing from the case of Southern Cameroons, this paper sets out to examine the resilience of local midwifery practices in the face of an imposed Western biomedicine. The paper was informed by both primary and secondary sources. Archival information and oral interviews made up the primary sources while books, published articles and dissertations constituted the secondary sources. The discriptive historical approach was employed in the analysis of the work. This study submits that: African women were not passive subjects on issues of their reproductive life but agents that could reject imposed values and stick to their tested practices. The ideological and cultural arrogance that characterized the introduction of Western biomedicine had the unintended impact of galvanizing an unexpected resilience of traditional medical practices. Consequently appreciable change in favor of Western biomedicine was only witnessed in the period after independence.
The relationship of prostate cancer with mutations in tumour suppressor genes
Authors: Mosoyan M. S. , Kalinina О. V. , Vavilova T. V. , Aysina N. A. , Makeev A. V. , Borisov A.  A.
Published: November 2023

Genetic testing plays an increasing role in the diagnosis of various diseases every year. Special attention is paid to genes with an increased risk of cancer in case of mutation. Hereditary prostate cancer is usually more aggressive and is most often associated with mutations in DNA repair genes. These mutations carriers have an increased risk of metastasis and a shorter life expectancy. The study of mutations in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes is most often used in clinical practice, while there are many other genes responsible for DNA repair processes that have not been sufficiently studied. In this paper, we report a review of literature sources studying the cellular mechanisms of functioning of DNA repair genes, the effect of such mutations on the disease state and oncological outcomes.
The actual fossil documentation for the theorie of anthropogenesis
Authors: Stęślicka Wanda
Published: November 2023

The author presents a review of the fossil higher Primates and discusses their taxonomic position. Palacontological evidence leads to the conclusion that the process of hominisation must be referred to the Pliocene.
The knowledge management and the guidelines of learning instruction on emergency medical services by local administrative organizations in northeastern Thailand
Authors: Saiyasopon Sukhumvit , Pakittawichit Thananchakorn , Chareonvong Chula , Chotnok Phrapalad Peerapong , Chansungnern Suchin , Sakolnakorn Thongphon Promsaka Na , Chaiyapong Akkakorn , Dhammasaccakarn Wanchai
Published: November 2023

This study aims to emergency medical services (EMS) and their efficacy within the purview of Local Administrative Organizations (LAOs) in Thailand. As the responsibility for EMS has transitioned from public hospitals to LAOs, it has prompted inquiries into their efficiency. This research endeavors to scrutinize the determinants influencing the performance of EMS managed by LAOs. To accomplish this objective, we embraced a quantitative research approach. Data was obtained from 636 individuals who had availed emergency medical services, chosen through purposive sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect data, and the IOC index was employed to ensure data integrity. Descriptive statistics elucidated and assessed various variables. Multiple regression analysis was conducted with a statistical significance level of 0.01 to unearth the associations between administrative factors and the performance of EMS by LAOs. This research uncovers a positive, moderate-level correlation between administrative factors and the performance of EMS by LAOs. Specifically, factors such as community engagement, service preparedness, operational efficiency, budget allocation, resource availability, and staffing levels were identified as noteworthy predictors of EMS success by LAOs, explaining 60.8 percent of the variance. The outcomes of this study have practical implications for EMS management by local authorities, not only in Thailand but also in other regions grappling with analogous challenges. This research contributes to the ongoing endeavors to enhance pre-hospital care and emergency response, ultimately preserving lives and mitigating the repercussions of emergency illnesses and accidents on communities.
ANÁLISIS FACTORIAL DE LAS RELACIONES ENTRE GOBERNANZA E INDICADORES MACROECONÓMICOS EN PAÍSES DE LA COMUNIDAD ANDINA (2002-2018)
Authors:   Uninorte, Lombana-Coy Jahir , Cabeza de Vergara Leonor Sofía
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this article is to review the relationships between governance and macroeconomic indicators for countries of the Andean Community (CAN). The approach is exploratory, using factor analysis to establish relationships between variables and then contextualize them with historical milestones in the selected countries. The resulting factors that explain the relationship between governance and macroeconomics fit the data by more than 70%, indicating satisfactory factor models. For all countries, the factor that best explains behavior combines governance and macroeconomic variables. In the factors, the constant is the instability of the variables, especially macroeconomic ones, which predominate in each of them. The models are pessimistic in showing that both macroeconomic aspects and governance variables remain stable above the average, but for short periods of time. The methodological design does not allow or expect to establish causal relationships or project trends, but it does observe, through milestones, some changes that could be interpreted by the different relationships between the variables studied.“Keywords: governance, macroeconomic environment, factor analysis, Andean Community.
Sidoarjo Local Government Strategy in Handling Homelessness
Authors: Bahlamar Ahmad  Riyadh Umar
Published: November 2023

This study aims to describe and analyze the strategy of the Social Service in overcoming the homeless and beggars in Sidoarjo Regency and to describe and analyze the constraints of the Social Service's strategy in overcoming the homeless and beggars in Sidoarjo Regency. This research is based on the fact that there are still many homeless people and beggars on the streets. This research method uses descriptive qualitative, data collection is done by conducting interviews, observation, and documentation. The technique of determining the informants used a purposive sampling technique. The technical analysis in this study is a qualitative analysis type that refers to the theory of Miles and Huberman. The results showed that the Strategy of the Social Service in Overcoming Homeless and Beggars in Sidoarjo Regency related to achieving the goals could be said to have not been fully successful, as evidenced by the large number of homeless and beggars roaming around, but regarding the provision of guidance after a raid by the Satpol PP, there were homeless and beggars who work and leave their previous activities. Meanwhile, the obstacles to the Social Service strategy in dealing with homeless people and beggars are the mindset that does not want to change for the homeless and beggars, a sense of laziness, and disobedience to the homeless and beggars when participating in the coaching program, and also from the people who still give them money to the community.
Implementation of the Job Creation Law Number 11 of 2020 in the Welfare Sector in Tangerang Regency
Authors: Madhori  , Amiludin  , Ginanjar Suryatman Arif , Fadli Yusuf
Published: November 2023

Worker welfare is a fulfillment of the needs and requirements required by workers, both facilities and services. In particular, this article aims not only to identify the implementation of Law number 11 of 2020 in Tangerang Regency, but also to analyze the welfare of workers after the implementation of the Job Creation Law and the efforts of the Manpower Department to ensure the welfare of workers in Tangerang Regency. Researchers used qualitative methods with a descriptive approach, the data used came from scientific articles, literature studies conducted before the research and interviews conducted through observation. The research results show that the implementation of the job creation law is still not underway, there are still companies that do not implement the law in accordance with the provisions of supervision from the government which is really needed. After the implementation of the Job Creation law there has been no immediate visible change, for the next 5 years there will be no increase in workers' wages. The Tangerang Regency Manpower Office carries out supervision in an effort to improve the welfare of workers so that they get the minimum wage, monitors working hours so that they comply with statutory regulations, and also ensures that workers receive BPJS Health.
Lower canine traction with jaw functional orthopedics. case report
Authors: Terán Aidé , Compean Ana Lucia , Yañez Karla Itzel , Lloret Miguel
Published: November 2023

The treatment of impacted teeth requires an interdisciplinary approach, in which early diagnosis avoids later complications. The frequency of canine retention, especially of the lower canines, has a 0.22 % average in the general population. Case information: A 9.1-year-old patient presented Lepto/Lepto, Lepto; distocclusion due to retrognathism and maxillary protrusion with left condylar asymmetry and preferential chewing on the right side. The patient also presented a structural open bite (Lower Go 78°) hyper-divergence level 4; severe crowding with complete lack of space for tooth 33, and alteration of the eruption corridor of tooth 43. Objective: Stimulate jaw growth to correct distocclusion, stimulate transversal development to gain space and eliminate crowding, and exercise traction on the lower right canine to position it correctly and correct asymmetry. Methods: A series of functional orthopedics devices were used. A Standard Bimler during the first 6 months, subsequently, Simões Network 1 (SN1) to conquer space and initiate traction, followed by the use of an SN11 to correct asymmetry with contra attachment for de-rotation and a lingual S spring. Results: It was possible to obtain incisive contact and align the anteroinferior segment, full space was obtained for tooth 33. Traction of tooth 43 was achieved and thus asymmetry was controlled. Conclusions: Functional orthopedic techniques are an effective form of dental traction that favors treatment from different perspectives. On one hand, it allows to gain space to eliminate crowding. On the other hand, it does not affect neighboring or antagonist teeth because the anchorage is not on the teeth, and it is not necessary to place intraosseous mini-implants. Also, an adequate surgical and functional orthopedic procedure makes it possible to traction the impacted teeth, orienting them to erupt and occupy the correct position in the dental arch.
Dynamic behavior of risers under nonlinear oceanic environmental loading
Authors: Xu Huakui , Yuan Shaoping , Luo Heng , Wang Kexin , Fang Pan
Published: November 2023

The riser system acts as the vital link between the subsea blow-out preventer and the drilling platform. Affected by factors like top tension and marine environmental forces, the riser undergoes deformation and wear, carrying the risk of environmental pollution and financial losses upon failure. Hence, this study examines the riser's dynamic response to marine environmental loading. Initially, the motion differential equation for the riser system under the influence of nonlinear oceanic load is deduced using the principle of minimum potential energy and the variational method for extremum seeking. Subsequently, a nonlinear wave-current load model based on the Morrison equation is established, and the resulting equation is discretized into a finite element model using third-order Hermite interpolation function and the Galerkin weighted residual method. Finally, the dynamic response of the riser is scrutinized employing the Newmark numerical integration method. The study also investigates the impact of both oceanic environmental parameters and drilling parameters on the riser’s dynamic behavior. Comparative analysis of the numerical results reveals that the maximum displacement of the riser occurs at the middle section, whereas the maximum deflection angle is observed at the end of the riser. The periodicity of the deflection angle response is influenced by the position of the riser, showing a trend of decreasing and then increasing from the middle section towards the ends. Notably, the top tension and the velocity of the surface tidal current significantly affect the dynamic behavior of the riser. The findings of this study provide a theoretical foundation for the assessment of riser reliability and the determination of operational parameters.
Effects of soil potassium availability and absorption, perlite, and
nitrogen levels on wheat plant development and yield
Authors: Sattar Jabbar Sinaa , Nahi Kadhem Hanoon
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted in the Al Majd area in Al Muthanna Governorate (Away
from the city center, about 5 km to the north) to study the effect of perlite and nitrogen levels on potassium availability and absorption in soil, growth and yield of
the wheat plant, during the agricultural season 2022-2021—a factorial field experiment, according to a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three
replicates. The experiment included two factors. The first factor is the addition of
perlite with three levels (0, 1.5 and 3)% symbolized by B0, B1 and B2, respectively, while the second factor is nitrogen at five levels (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200) kg
N ha-1 has the symbol N0, N1, N2, N3 and N4 respectively. The land was divided
into plots, including 45 experimental units in three blocks, the area of the experimental unit (2 × 2) m2. The experimental unit included 8 lines with a length of 2
m. The distance between one line and another was 20 cm, leaving a distance of 75
cm between one replicate and another. The seeds of wheat (Bohooth 22 cultivar)
were sown on 11/11/2021. The results indicated the significant effect of adding
perlite at a level of 3% by volume to the soil in increasing the ready potassium in
the soil when adding the first and second batches of nitrogen and harvesting, the
addition of perlite at a level of 3% by volume of the soil affected the growth
characteristics of the plant, including the biological yield, grain yield, potassium
concentration in the plant, and the absorbed amount of potassium in the plant, nitrogen fertilizer to the soil at a level of (150 and 200) kg N ha-1
had a significant
effect on the increase of ready potassium in the soil in the first and second batch of
adding fertilizer.
Keywords: Perlite, nitrogen, potassium availability and absorption, soil, growth,
yield, wheat plant.
Preservatives in ophthalmic formulations and the urgent need for
preservative-free formulation
Authors: Raad Hameed Ahed , DH. H. Al-Shohani Athmar
Published: November 2023

Topical treatment of ocular diseases is mainly through eye drops. One of the short
outcomes of eye drops is using preservatives, particularly for chronic diseases such
as glaucoma and dry eye syndrome. Preservatives are chemical compounds that
must be incorporated into an eye drop to preserve sterility during storage and use.
Their chronic use may cause side effects to the eye, such as irritation, allergy, tear
film instability, conjunctival inflammation, sub-conjunctival fibrosis and corneal
surface impairment. Ophthalmologists and formulation scientists are moving towards preservative-free formulations. Strategies to manufacture preservative-free
formulations are either through changing the container type of formulation or converting it into a solid dosage form. Preservative-free formulations were superior to
traditional eye drops by minimizing side effects experienced by the patient.
Keywords: preservative-free formulation, chemical substance, growth
The effect of enzymatic tempering of wheat on the extraction rate
and the quality of the resulting flour
Authors: Turky Attia Entisar , Aaid Obaid Alaa
Published: November 2023

Enzymes are widely used as flour aids to improve the properties of flour, but their
optimum use and application at the tempering stage were limited. This method is
an excellent tool to ensure a good distribution of the resulting flour's enzymes,
control dosage during milling, and obtain flour of specific characteristics according
to its final use. Therefore, the effect of enzymatic tempering on flour yield and
quality of the resulting flour was investigated in the present study, where different
concentrations of cellulase enzyme were used at (24, 60, 96) units / 100 gm of
wheat, and the concentration 60 units / 100 gm of wheat gave the best results, The
results of the statistical analysis witnessed a significant increase in the extraction
rate (Flour yield), which amounted to 74.6% for the enzymatic conditioning, compared to the control treatment, which was 70%, and a significant decrease in the
percentage of fibers with an increase in the concentration of the enzyme, so it
reached 0.78% for the enzymatic conditioning compared with the control treatment, which was 1.44%., There was an insignificant increase in the proportion of
ash and, protein and carbohydrates, and the degree of flour color was not affected
by the increase in the enzyme concentration.
Keyword: Enzymatic tempering, extraction rate (Flour yield), Flour quality.
Effect of bio-fertilizer and spraying of nano-fertilizer and gibberellin on the chemical traits of Aloe vera L.
Authors: Musaibeh Al-Maamouri Zahraa Hadi , Mordhi Radhi Ibrahim
Published: November 2023

A factorial experiment with three replications was conducted according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) to study the effect of bio fertilization at
three levels (0, Azotobacter, Mycorrhizae) and spraying with nano fertilizer (Nano
Iron) (0, 1500, 3000) mg L-1 and gibberellin GA3 (0, 150) (300) mg L-1 in the
chemical traits of Aloe vera L.) in lath house of the Department of Plant Production
Techniques / Al-Musayyib Technical College / Middle Euphrates University during the 2021-2022 agricultural season. After the experiment ended, the results
were: The treatments of adding azotobacter and spraying with nano iron concentration of 3000 mg L and gibberellin concentration of 300 mg L-1 were significantly superior in all studied traits. It was also caused by the bi-interaction (Mycorrhizal + Nano iron 3000 mg L-1), (Mycorrhizal + gibberellin 300 mg L-1) and
(Mycorrhizal iron 3000 mg L-1 + Gibberellin 300 mg L-1) and the triple interaction between the study factors (Mycorrhizalgia). + Nano iron 3000 mg L-1 + gibberellin 300 mg L-1) a significant increase in most of the studied traits
Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, Tripartite motif-containing protein 72, Disease
activity score 28.