bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of ChatGPT Responses on Puerperal Mastitis: AI Response Quality and Safety
An Observational Study on Mastitis (Preprint)
Authors: AY OĞUZHAN FATİH , Dolu Fatih , Kupeli Aydın Hakan , Karademir Enes , Büyükavcı Muhammed Huseyin
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Puerperal mastitis, affecting up to 30% of breastfeeding women, is a common condition managed in general surgery outpatient clinics. The increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare presents opportunities for enhancing decision-making processes.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluates ChatGPT’s responses to frequently asked questions about puerperal mastitis, focusing on their quality, adherence to clinical guidelines, and patient safety.

METHODS

Fifteen questions were categorized into general information (n=2), symptoms and diagnosis (n=6), treatment (n=2), and prognosis (n=5). These questions, written in Turkish to reflect the target population, were input into ChatGPT 4.0. Responses were evaluated by five raters using criteria including sufficient length, understandability, accuracy, adherence to literature, and patient safety. DISCERN and Flesch-Kincaid readability scores were also calculated. Statistical analyses compared ratings across question categories and criteria.

RESULTS

ChatGPT’s responses were rated as “excellent” overall, with higher scores for treatment and prognosis-related questions. DISCERN scores showed significant differences between question categories (p=0.014), with treatment questions receiving the highest ratings. Flesch-Kincaid scores indicated readability at a university graduate level. While strong correlations were observed between adherence to literature and patient safety in certain questions, evaluator consistency varied, with significant differences in accuracy (p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

ChatGPT demonstrated adequate capability in providing information on puerperal mastitis, particularly for treatment and prognosis. However, evaluator variability and the subjective nature of assessments highlight the need for further optimization of AI tools. Future research should emphasize iterative questioning and dynamic updates to AI knowledge bases to enhance reliability and accessibility
One-Pot Synthesis and In Vitro Studies of Calix[4]-2-methylresorcinarene Derivatives as Antimalarial Agents Against Plasmodium falciparum Chloroquine-Resistant Strain FCR-3
Authors: Nursofia Baiq Ike , Kurniawan Yehezkiel Steven , Jumina Jumina , Pranowo Harno Dwi , Sholikhah Eti Nurwening , Julianus Jeffry , Wibowo Susalit Setya , Fatimi Hana Anisa , Priastomo Yoga , Priyangga Krisfian Tata Aneka
Published: December 2024

Malaria is an endemic disease in Indonesia caused by infection from the Plasmodium parasite. Recently, antimalarial resistance significantly contributed to the decline in the cure rate of malaria sufferers. In this work, three calix[4]resorcinarenes have been synthesized from 2-methylresorcinol and different benzaldehyde derivatives, i.e., 4-chlorobenzaldehyde, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, and 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde through the one-pot synthesis procedure. The calix[4]resorcinarenes synthesis was done through a cyclo-condensation reaction by using HCl 37% as the catalyst and ethanol as the solvent in an one-pot reaction. The structures of the synthesized products were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared, proton-nuclear magnetic resonance, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques. The antimalarial activity assay was evaluated against the Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3 strain through an in vitro study. Three synthesized compounds, i.e., C-4-chlorophenylcalix[4]-2-methylresorcinarene, C-4-methoxyphenylcalix[4]-2-methylresorcinarene and C-4-dimethylaminophenylcalix[4]-2-methylresorcinarene have been successfully synthesized in up to 97% yield. The C-4-chlorophenylcalix[4]-2-methylresorcinerene exhibited the most potent antimalarial activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 2.66 µM against P. falciparum FCR-3 while the C-4-methoxyphenylcalix[4]-2-methylresorcinarene and C-4-dimethylaminophenylcalix[4]-2-methylresorcinarene gave the IC50 values of 23.63 and 13.82 µM, respectively. From the results, it could be concluded that the antimalarial activity of calix[4]-2-methylresorcinarenes was influenced by the type of substituent of aromatic rings at the para position.
Preparation, Structural Identification, and Biomedical Evaluation of Some New Complexes
Authors: Abbas Alyaa Khider , Fadhil Asmaa Edrees
Published: December 2024

A new nano azo ligand, [2-amino-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H-purin-8-yl)diazenyl)nitrobenzene (AH), and its Ag(I), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes were successfully synthesized and characterized using elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductance, and spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, UV-vis, ¹H-NMR), along with thermal analysis. FTIR confirmed the ligand acts as a neutral N,N-bidentate. The metal-to-ligand ratio was determined to be 1:1 for Ag(I) and Zn(II) complexes and 1:2 for the Cu(II) complex. Stability constants and Gibbs free energy, assessed via spectrophotometry, indicated high stability for all complexes. SEM and X-ray diffraction revealed nanoscopic properties for the Ag(I) and Cu(II) complexes. The antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans species showed good efficiency compared to reference drugs. The ligand also exhibited moderate antioxidant activity using the DPPH assay. Additionally, the Zn(II) complex demonstrated effective anti-inflammatory activity, promoting wound healing within 14 days, compared to 16 days with silver sulfadiazine and 18 days without treatment.
Physicochemical Characterization of Chitosan-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Hybrid Material for Ofloxacin Delivery
Authors: Khudair Zainab Jasim , Kadam Zeina Mohammad
Published: December 2024

The present study involved the synthesis of a bioactive composite material using chitosan (CS) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) through the free radical polymerization method. The resulting composite material was comprehensively characterized using various experimental techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The quantification of the swelling behavior involved the measurement of changes in the weight of the sample as a function of the time it was immersed in an aqueous buffered solution. The findings indicated that the maximum drug-loading rate of ofloxacin medication (OFL) was 86%. Moreover, the pH sensitivity of the poly acrylic acid grafting multi-walled carbon nanotubes p(CS-co-AA)/MWCNTs nanocomposite facilitated the substantial release of a significant quantity of medication in aqueous buffered solution at a pH of 1.2. The average rate of drug release was measured to be 76% after 72 h duration. On the other hand, the release of the drug at pH 5 and 7.4 was 42% and 32%, respectively. According to the reported findings, the p(CS-co-AA)/MWCNTs carrier has a favorable capacity to control the release of the OFL drug into the intended medium while reducing potential negative effects.
Uji Aplikasi Pupuk Organik Kasgot dan NPK 16:16:16 Terhadap Pertumbuhan Serta Produksi Tanaman Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moenc)
Authors: Zahrah Siti , Kustiawan Nursamsul , Mulyani Sri , Fikri Beny Azrul
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi serta pengaruh utama pupuk organik kasgot dan pupuk NPK 16:16:16 terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moenc). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Islam Riau, Jln. Kaharuddin Nasution KM 11, Kelurahan Air Dingin, Kecamatan Bukit Raya, Kota Pekanbaru, Riau. Dilaksanakan selama 4 bulan mulai dari bulan Juli sampai Oktober 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor yang pertama adalah dosis pupuk organik kasgot terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu 0, 0,75, 1,5, dan 2,25 kg per plot. Sedangkan faktor yang kedua adalah pupuk NPK 16:16:16 terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu 0, 3,75, 7,5, dan 11,75 g per tanaman. Setiap kombinasi perlakuan terdiri dari 3 ulangan, setiap satuan percobaan terdiri dari 4 tanaman dan 2 tanaman digunakan sebagai sampel pengamatan. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa interaksi pemberian pupuk organik kasgot dan NPK 16:16:16 berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, umur panen, jumlah buah per tanaman, dan berat buah per tanaman. Perlakuan terbaik pupuk organik kasgot 1,5 kg/plot dan pupuk NPK 16:16:16 11,75 g/tanaman. Pengaruh utama pupuk organik kasgot nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan, perlakuan terbaik adalah pupuk organik kasgot 1,50 kg/plot. Pengaruh utama pupuk NPK 16:16:16 nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan, perlakuan terbaik pupuk NPK 16:16:16 11,75 g/tanaman. Serapan hara N, P dan K melalui pemberian pupuk organik kasgot 1,50 kg/plot dan NPK 16:16:16 11,75 g/tanaman lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.
Research on Construction Technology of Steel Structure Tie Rod Arch Bridge with Less Support
Authors: Changzhu Wang
Published: December 2024

In order to explore the installation method of the steel box tie-rod arch bridge across the canal, in order to meet the requirements of rapid installation under the condition of near the existing diagonal bridge. Based on qingshuihe Bridge of G50 Shanghai-Chongqing Expressway, the installation technology of steel box pole arch bridge is studied by combining theoretical analysis and field practice. This paper analyzes the construction problem of Qingshuihe Bridge and proposes an construction method of small supports and large sections. The oblique asymmetric beam arch is designed to avoid the influence on the channel headband. The installation process of bridge deck system is optimized, the bending moment of steel beam is effectively reduced, and the temporary span of beam beam installation is improved. The finite element analysis shows that the beam, arch ribs and other components are in good stress condition according to the asymmetric deformation of the boom force, and ensure the smooth installation of the beam and bridge deck.
Paisaje e identidad. La interpretación en la obra de tres pintores mexicanos
Authors: Rueda Flores Tonalli , Ochoa Ramírez José Alberto , Guzmán Ramírez Alejandro
Published: December 2024

La actual falta de conservación y valoración de los paisajes puede ser contrarrestada a través de la pintura del paisaje. Se busca determinar si ésta puede sensibilizar a la comunidad en la valoración del paisaje, a partir de su interpretación artística y su relación con la identidad cultural. Se analizaron obras de los pintores mexicanos José María Velasco, Rufino Tamayo y Luis García Guerrero. Los resultados destacan cómo cada pintor aporta de manera única al paisajismo y a la identidad cultural mexicana: Velasco por su autenticidad histórica, Tamayo por su innovación y reflexión subjetiva, y García Guerrero por su conexión personal con la región. Ellos impactan positivamente en la sociedad y estimulan una mayor conciencia sobre la percepción, valoración y preservación del paisaje.
Entre a provocação injusta e a violenta emoção: a produção de gênero nos júris populares de feminicídio
Authors: Sento-Sé Isadora Vianna , Oliveira Eduardo Moura Pereira
Published: December 2024

Este artigo se insere no debate do recurso às emoções como aspecto central da construção da narrativa jurídica do feminicídio. Dessa forma, o objetivo é discutir como o comportamento violento, especificamente a violência interpessoal cometida contra mulheres em âmbito doméstico, é associado pelos operadores do direito a estados emocionais específicos ligados a marcadores da diferença de gênero na cultura. Partimos de um recorte composto pelas sustentações de acusação e defesa a respeito de dois casos de feminicídio, ambos julgados em setembro de 2021 nas varas criminais do júri do Tribunal de Justiça do Rio de Janeiro, caracterizados como “clássicos”, ou seja, tipos ideais. Em ambos havia relação íntima e uso excessivo da força no curso do ato violento (overkill), tendo o “ciúmes” ou o desejo de deixar a relação como motivos apresentados no júri. Sendo assim, analisamos como os discursos dos operadores do direito fornecem chaves interpretativas para a compreensão e a produção do “feminino” e do “masculino” na constituição da verdade jurídica. A abordagem penal centra-se nas emoções, atribuindo às mulheres o papel de vítimas passivas e justificando os crimes como rupturas momentâneas de racionalidade nos homens. Essa perspectiva dissimula o caráter estrutural da violência de gênero, reduzindo-a a histórias singulares que não refletem a complexidade do feminicídio.
Evaluación del nivel de madurez en la gestión de proyectos públicos en la Alcaldía de Acevedo, Huila
Authors: Andrade Gómez María Valentina , Agredo Trujillo Vilma Lucía , Quintero Bonilla Alexander
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate the level of project management maturity in public projects at the Mayor’s Office of Acevedo (Huila), using the Darci Prado Maturity Model, which assesses five levels and seven key dimensions. The methodology followed a mixed approach: the quantitative analysis was carried out using the 2021 version of the model’s questionnaire, while the qualitative analysis was complemented by the prospective tool, the Regnier Abacus.The results show that the entity is at level 2 of maturity, known as the “known” level. This level indicates that the organization has a basic understanding of project management, but practices are not fully standardized, and efforts remain isolated. The main weaknesses were found in the dimensions of computerization, organizational structure, methodology, and behavioral competencies. In conclusion, project management at the Mayor’s Office of Acevedo is classified as average, indicating a need for significant improvements to reach a higher maturity level.
Analisis Pemasaran dan Pendapatan Pedagang Sapi PO Kebumen Siap Potong di Pasar Hewan Argopeni Kecamatan Kebumen Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Ismawatun Ismawatun , Nuraeni Nunur
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pendapatan pedagang Sapi PO Kebumen siap potong dan alur pemasarannya di Pasar Argopeni  Kecamatan Kebumen Kabupaten Kebumen. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui presentase penjualan Sapi PO Kebumen siap potong yang menggunakan jasa blantik dan tanpa blantik di Pasar Hewan Argopeni Kabupaten Kebumen, mengetahui besarnya pendapatan pedagang Sapi PO Kebumen siap potong di Pasar Hewan Argopeni Kabupaten Kebumen, dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh profil pedagang Sapi PO Kebumen siap potong sebagai variabel bebas yang terdiri dari umur, pengalaman dan pendidikan terhadap pendapatan sebagai varibel terikat. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan motode survey menggunakan instrumen kuesioner dalam pengambilan data. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sensus dimana sampel pedagang Sapi PO Kebumen siap potong sebanyak 10 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil: Hasil analisis variansi menunjukan bahwa varibel umur, pengalaman dan pendidikan berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pendapatan pedagang Sapi PO Kebumen siap potong. Saluran pemasaran Sapi PO Kebumen siap potong di Pasar Hewan Argopeni yang menggunakan jasa blantik sebesar 92% dan yang tanpa blantik sebesar 8%. Pendapatan rata-rata pedagang Sapi PO Kebumen siap potong di Pasar Hewan Argopeni Kebumen adalah sebesar Rp.28.002.000,-/bulan. Berdasarkan nilai Multiple R 0,844 menunjukan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang sangat kuat antara umur, pengalaman dan pendidikan dengan pendapatan. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa umur, pengalaman, dan pendidikan secara simultan terdapat korelasi terhadap pendapatan pedagang Sapi PO Kebumen siap potong di Pasar Hewan Argopeni.
On the Question of Narodniks Sources and Representational Features of the Tolstoyan Movement in the Works of Ivan Bunin
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Arov Yaroslav I.
Published: December 2024

This research explores the question of representation of Tolstoyan movement in the works of Ivan Bunin. The author of the article assumes that there is a contextual proximity between Tolstoyan and narodniks movements, a historical continuity, reflected in collective practices, religious foundations of “going out to the people”, and certain thematic connections. The last point is particularly noticeable in the study of early Bunin, who, as the analysis of biographical material shows, was influenced by both narodniks and Tolstoyans. A comparative analysis of the writer’s stories (“Tan’ka” (1892), “To the Edge of the World” (1894), “In the Country” (1895), “New Year” (1901), etc.) with the works of S. Karonin (“Stories about the Parashkin People” cycle (1879–1880), “From Below Upwards: The Story of a Worker” cycle (1883–1886)), essays by A.I. Ertel, and his novel “The Gardenins” (1889), along with texts by G.I. Uspensky (“The Power of the Land” (1882), “It Did Not Happen” (1882)), leads the researcher to a hypothesis about the transitional nature of early Bunin’s prose. In this prose, narodniks issues are transformed from a social program into the personal perception of the characters, and Tolstoyan elements are reduced to the characters’ inclination toward “simplification”, which is also highly individual. Such a “comprehensive” approach allows us to consider early Bunin as an independent figure, separated from both narodniks and Tolstoyan movements by an individualistic interpretation of “popular” issues, while interpreting them within the broader discourse of the late 19th century.
Poetics of the Early Works of Ivan Bunin: Genre Genesis, Stylistic Tendencies, Literary References
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ponomarev Evgeny R. ,   The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: December 2024

The article, firstly, talks about the general plan and progress of research into the poetics of the early works of Ivan A. Bunin, conducted by the Bunin group of the IWL RAS, secondly, offers an analysis of several prose texts of early Bunin from the point of view of stylistic traditions and possible influences. The author believes that narodnik literature influenced Bunin only in the field of subject matter; young Bunin took much more from classical Russian literature (Lermontov, Gogol, Turgenev, L. Tolstoy) in the field of stylistics and, as he himself put it, the general “tone.” The article analyzes the texts of the story “Uvlechenije”, the series of essays “Melkopomestnye”, the stories “Nefedka”, “Dva Strannika”, “Shaman and Motka”, “Na Kraj Sveta”.
On the Aelectrosonic and Transperception
Authors: Douglas Kahn
Published: December 2024

In addition to the collection of articles, it is a pleasure to announce a couple of bonus items exclusive to JSS. One is an interview with Douglas Kahn, pre-eminent historian and theorist of the media arts with a particular interest in the study of sound in the avant-garde and experimental arts and music. By good fortune, Kahn’s latest book Earth Sound Earth Signal: Energies and Earth Magnitude in the Arts was published in late 2013 when contributions for the current special issue were under construction. Working independently, both projects – Earth Sound Earth Signal and JSS8 – historicize and critically examine sounds of space and this seemed like an excellent reason to strike up a dialogue and learn more about Kahn’s latest book. During the course of the interview multiple points of convergence, intersections, and shared research interests transpired and led to a lively discussion.
Altisonans
Authors: William Ray Macauley
Published: December 2024

yet to come
Editorial: Venturing into Sounds of Space
Authors: William Ray Macauley
Published: December 2024

How have sonic experiences been conceived, articulated, and elided in histories of outer space and narratives of space exploration? This was the core question addressed in a multidisciplinary workshop Sounds of Space hosted at the Freie Universität Berlin in late 2012. This Journal of Sonic Studies (JSS) special issue includes a selection of articles based on papers presented at the workshop. Using a variety of themes as entry points and mobilizing an array of analytical tools, contributors to the special issue revisited the core question in addition to engaging with related questions that focus on specific sites, historical actors, organizations, and situated practices that encapsulate how our understanding of space is mediated in and through sound. Before introducing the individual contributions and additional material, I will say something about how the conception of the original workshop was primarily based on close encounters with sounds of space during my doctoral research on the history of interstellar communication (Macauley 2010). Further, I will examine how the workshop and present collection emerged from the desire to critically engage with a cluster of anomalies, elisions, and assumptions uncovered during research on the historical relationship between sound and space that prompted a series of perplexing questions.
A Spectral Geology
Authors: D.A. Calf
Published: December 2024

Monuments exist as loci of official history, designed to be resilient and permanent. However, the world around them is in constant flux, questioning their continued significance. Drawing on fieldwork undertaken at monument (spomenik) sites in the former Yugoslav republics of the Western Balkans, together with archival sources, A Spectral Geology is a creative outcome of a continuing speculative investigation into sound and its potential contribution to alternative historical narratives. In imagining sound as a geological, sedimentary medium with the potential to transmit and sequester memory, it considers the possibility of hearing the murmured traces of the past through its excavation.
Telephonic Territories. The Landline Phone As a “Place-Dependent” Sound Technology
Authors: Mette Simonsen Abildgaard
Published: December 2024

A distinguishing feature of the landline telephone is that, in contrast to most phones in use today, it belongs first and foremost to a place. Following the last thirty years of scholarly interest in the wide-ranging implications of mobile telephony, what would happen if we were to pay similar attention to the significance of living with “place-dependent” sound technologies such as the home telephone? In this article, I draw on concepts from the fields of sound studies and science and technology studies (STS) to present the twentieth-century landline telephone as a place-dependent sound technology based on qualitative interviews with Danish landline telephone users. I emphasize several consequences of “place-dependency”: First, that the home becomes an “auditory territory” (LaBelle 2010) where zones of telephonic silence and noise are fixed but also call for continuous negotiations. The notion of territory points us towards the second consequence – that negotiations of ownership become complicated through the landline telephone’s attachment to a household rather than an individual. Third, I consider the implications of the landline telephone’s irreducibility from its surroundings, where it exists as less a solitary technology than an assemblage of the home. Here, I also pay attention to the way immobility for the landline telephone is not a stable concept but is continuously re-negotiated by its users and its own assembled materiality.
Sounds of Another Home: Telepresence, COVID-19 and a Bioscience Laboratory in Transition
Authors: Rebecca Carlson
Published: December 2024

Based on an ethnography of a bioscience laboratory in Tokyo before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper focuses on telepresence, and the growing demand for workers to maintain extended simultaneous presence in multiple electronic, or electronically augmented, spaces. In contrast to views promoting the liberating affordances of telework in the maintenance of healthy work-life balance (reduced commute time; increased “presence” in family life), an analysis of sound reveals the way the home becomes reorganized, and ultimately de-prioritized, under work demands. In particular, online meetings, which privilege discrete information exchange, position the home as a barrier to productive communications. Receding the soundscape of the home in this way reflects a normalization of the neoliberal imperative to find self-realization in workplace forms of sociality.
Room Ambience: Home as Heard in Film and Media Arts
Authors: Budhaditya Chattopadhyay
Published: December 2024

The article investigates the mediation of homey ambiences or domestic atmospheres and their relation to the outdoors in film and media productions. The article examines how human mediation impacts the perception of site-specific ambient sounds of the home that are aesthetically deployed as auditory backdrops in films and media artworks. The focus is on examining the processes of reconstructing the site of the home through the reproduction, mediation, and rendering of the relatively closed and private indoor sonic environment and its complex relationship to the public outdoors.
“It’s probably just me”: The Literacies of Pervasive Sound Narratives
Authors: Elizabeth Evans
Published: December 2024

This article explores how The Memory Dealer reveals the multiple literacies at stake in pervasive, transmedia, multimodal drama that open up new relationships between player, text, technology and space. In contrast to much scholarship on digital and media literacy, which focuses on children, the focus here is on adults who are already well versed in a range of media-related literacies, including “new” forms such as videogames and digital media, but are simultaneously not “digital natives”. Three specific forms of literacy emerge: narrative, technological and geographical-logistical. When participants came across moments of difficulty with these literacies, they articulated this failure as a form of personal inadequacy. At the same time, key diegetic components such as music, setting and performance aided their re-learning of how to locate and understand TMD’s narrative.
Immersion and proximity: music, sound, and subjectivity in The Memory Dealer
Authors: Sarah Hibberd  , Nanette Nielsen
Published: December 2024

With a focus on narrative film music techniques and sonic constructions of subjectivity, this article explores the soundtrack of The Memory Dealer. We account for whether and how immersion is achieved and discuss the ways in which TMD brings novelty to the area of sound studies, not least through its relevance for phenomenology. Analyzing participants’ responses, we argue that immersion in TMD is less dependent on a narrative understanding of the soundtrack and more reliant on a particular kind of subjective immersion that is deepened and maintained through sound. We show how, in order to achieve this immersion, the soundtrack needs to support a balance between players’ self-reflection and their self-consciousness: whereas the former can deepen engagement, the latter can be distracting and pull the player out of the experience. The various levels of subjectivity and sonic interaction in TMD reveal new avenues for immersion through sound in pervasive drama.
Preludium: The Memory Dealer
Authors: Nanette Nielsen  , Elizabeth Evans
Published: December 2024

In this Preludium we clarify the history and scope of The Memory Dealer (TMD), and the methods, ideas, and incentives behind the research presented in the current volume. As a new experimental, “pervasive” drama that exploits digital and personal technologies to create fictional narratives that are then layered onto real world spaces, TMD introduces new possibilities both for storytelling and for the positioning of the audience. As the articles in this volume bear witness to, TMD can be thought of as a new kind of “sound narrative”; what remains the most direct experience of the drama is undoubtedly the soundtrack. As a novel soundworld prompting new responses – responses that can be explored and analyzed – TMD is a rare form of documentation that offers fertile ground for exploration.
Сарајево concrète
Authors: Lasse-Marc Riek
Published: December 2024

The recordings presented here are made in 2004 in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the main focus on Sarajevo. I had come to Bosnia to find out what was still audible from the war, which at that time was ten years ago. The central core of the recordings is the documentation of everyday life: churches and mosques, streetcars, people on sidewalks and in cafes. Ten years after persecuting and murdering each other, they are living together again.
Contextualities of Listening to Soundscapes: The Past and The Present Converging in Sarajevo
Authors: Maja Zećo
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the relationship between autobiographical memories and personal and group identities in the post-conflict soundscape of Sarajevo in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The discussion will focus on the perspectives of residents and their intersecting narratives, collected in interviews, on the city's soundscape. I will relay intimate experiences of the city's soundscapes, contextualized from the position of a listener who is native to the city. The ways in which memories of the recent war (1992-1996) inform conversations reveal links between traumatic memories and experiences of environmental sounds. From the religious calls of mosques and churches to inhabitants pleading for help on the streets of Sarajevo, the complexity of contexts that play a role in knowledge production about the city will be explored through listening and writing. The article, in the form of praxis, aims to accentuate the importance of local knowledge of soundscape as a means of decolonizing the sonic arts discourse. An interest in the ways that the city’s inhabitants engage with contemporary soundscapes and how the past informs our present knowledge about places guides this inquiry.
A Conversation on Discarded Recordings
Authors: Heikki Wilenius  , Jonathan LARCHER  , Ernst Karel
Published: December 2024

What can be considered as a discarded recording in an ethnographic inquiry? Do the instabilities and technical errors show that technology is really part of the encounter of ethnographic situations? Furthermore, is there a limit beyond which a sound that is too degraded can no longer be restored but simply described in writing, the preferred medium of the human sciences in general and anthropology in particular? These three ideas were at the center of an online conversation with Ernst Karel, starting with the film Expedition Content (2020) made with Veronika Kusumaryati from the sound archives of the Harvard-Peabody expedition (1961) in Dutch New Guinea. The many errors and failures that punctuate Rockefeller's recordings – we also listened to some recordings that did not appear in Expedition Content – form a fertile ground for thinking about the tactics and listening that can make examining ethnographic rubbish a heuristic, both for the history of the anthropological discipline and for the history of the place where it was recorded.
2. Listening Tables
Authors: Rajni Shah
Published: December 2024

The writing that follows (interspersed between other articles) is a series of personal reflections on “listening” – a term which, for me, refers to an embodied attentive state, including but not limited to the ears. I write from my own experiences as a trans non-binary person of colour and reflect specifically on the ways in which listening work relates to anti-racist and anti-colonial work. Within the writing, certain words are hyperlinks. These are offered as moments of dialogue – moments where you are invited, if you wish, to read other texts that are in relationship with the particular word, phrase, or idea that is linked. At the end of the section titled “4. Portals,” there is a short list of links to artists and authors who are directly mentioned in the text as well as a list of further references in case they are of interest.
4. Portals
Authors: Rajni Shah
Published: December 2024

The writing that follows (interspersed between other articles) is a series of personal reflections on “listening” – a term which, for me, refers to an embodied attentive state, including but not limited to the ears. I write from my own experiences as a trans non-binary person of colour and reflect specifically on the ways in which listening work relates to anti-racist and anti-colonial work. Within the writing, certain words are hyperlinks. These are offered as moments of dialogue – moments where you are invited, if you wish, to read other texts that are in relationship with the particular word, phrase, or idea that is linked. At the end of the section titled “4. Portals,” there is a short list of links to artists and authors who are directly mentioned in the text as well as a list of further references in case they are of interest.
Decolonial Listening and the Politics of Sound: Water, Breathing and Urban Unconscious
Authors: Rodrigo Toro and Donovan Hernández Castellanos
Published: December 2024

This essay is based in the urgency of questioning the coloniality of being and power (Quijano, 2014), present in the hegemonic aural regime. It is based on two pieces: Wet Season / Dry Season (2021), a sound installation by the collective of Cuban visual artists Celia-Yunior that was presented at the Jakarta Biennial, Indonesia; and Breathe (2020), an interdisciplinary piece combining dance, literature, sound and video.
Covered Mouths Still Have Voices
Authors: Tom Western
Published: December 2024

overed Mouths Still Have Voices
Tom Western
UCL Geography – t.western@ucl.ac.uk

Abstract
The title of this essay is a political slogan. It borrows from the chant of medical workers in Greece, who have been asserting that covered mouths still have a voice (“Και τα καλυμμένα στόματα βγάζουν φωνή”) since long before the Covid-19 pandemic began at the start of 2020. The slogan has become politically useful on wider scales since then, and I take it as a jumping off point – a means of understanding political techniques of vocality that have been retuned in pandemic contexts. My focus is on forms of vocal-spatial resistance, hearing how people contest political hierarchies of vocality that have been tightened during Covid, and create new spatialities of voice through pandemic activisms. The essay listens to how voices signal and sound out multiple forms of mobilisation, and it outlines a global sense of voice that develops as a result. From this, ways of hearing mouths and voices emerge not just in terms of speaking and sounding, or only as forms of identity and agency, but as a gathering, a refusal, a resource, a navigational tool, a transformation.

Acknowledgements
My thanks to friends in Athens. To Kareem al Kabbani and Urok Shirhan, whose soundworks resound into these pages. To Fani Kostourou, Pasqua Vorgia, and John Bingham-Hall for organising and running ‘The City Talks Back’. To Fadia Dakka for her kindness and patience in waiting for this essay to be done.
Editorial: Mapping the Field
Authors: Marcel Cobussen
Published: December 2024

Editorial: Mapping the Field
The Sound of Stuff – Archetypical Sound in Product Sound Design
Authors: Anna Symanczyk
Published: December 2024

Through their history, materiality, and use, products gain sonic qualities and attributes, which become an integral part of contemporary sound design for these objects. Taking the example of the vacuum cleaner, this article discusses the relationship between historical material properties and product sound design as well as between listening traditions and characteristic product sounds. It concludes that there is an archetypical sound for vacuum cleaners. Following the role of sound through several examples of advertisements, this article performs a cultural analysis of sounding objects and the communication surrounding these sounds in order to better understand the effects that archetypical sounds have on buyer or user perception of product sounds.
Sound Art and Public Engagement in the Built Environment: Reflections from an Architecture Center
Authors: Conor McCafferty
Published: December 2024

This article explores the deployment of sound in architectural-curatorial and community engagement contexts through the work of PLACE, a multidisciplinary not-for-profit architecture center in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The author, who worked with PLACE and contributed to the projects discussed here, contextualizes architecture centers and their relationship with sound before examining the specific case of sound and sound art in Northern Ireland and case studies of projects delivered by PLACE. Specifically, the article evaluates two sound installation artworks and three community engagement projects for young audiences. As a means of curating urbanism and architecture, sound-art-as-public-art affords useful strategies to examine, describe or critique the environment as alternatives to traditional architecture exhibition formats. Sound’s temporality and materiality allow sound art works to exist as temporary sculptural interventions in the urban sphere, with attendant implications for public art procurement and urban acoustics. Rich territories of engagement are opened when using sound in a community participatory context.
The Sonic Lifeworld: A Phenomenological Exploration of the Imaginative Potential of Animation Sound
Authors: James Batcho
Published: December 2024

The wonder of animation lies in its ability to create entirely new worlds that exist only in the imagination. Much care is taken to render these worlds visibly in great detail. Sound, however, is grounded in everyday reality in order to legitimize our expectations of experiential logic and continuity. This paper argues for new ways of thinking about how sound might move beyond this strict adherence to the visual by going beyond the rational. The problem of sound design is that it is an exercise in satisfying modes of Cartesian dualism, which separates the outside world of extension from the inner world of consciousness. Sound design should instead be conceived phenomenologically, as modes of disclosure and nondisclosure to consciousness. I propose new ways of thinking about the sonic connection of character to lifeworld, and in the process offer a critique of prevailing notions of film theory as related to the hearing and listening subject.
The sounds of Hanoi and the after-image of the homeland
Authors: Stefan Östersjö  , Nguyen Thanh Thuy
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses the soundscape of Hanoi and of the countryside north of Hanoi in the Bac Ninh province with the experience of the two authors as artists in two collaborative projects, Arrival Cities: Hanoi and Que/Homelands. The content is structured in three layers, a conversation between the two authors on their individual experience of the projects, a jointly written text which takes a more distant perspective to the topic and a series of video and audio files taken from the two artistic projects. While the two projects were completely independent, this paper identifies ways in which they complement each other and, taken together, the sound art collected within the projects may have a further political meaning. The authors suggest that the shifting soundscapes of Vietnam are a direct reflection of social and political change in the country.
What do the urban soundscapes of a city represent? Case studies in Bangkok and Hong Kong ／ 都市聲音有何個性？ 考察曼谷和香港之城市聲景
Authors: KA HO CHEUNG  , Marcel Cobussen
Published: December 2024

Urban soundscapes convey the cultural codes, history and collective memory of a society. Bangkok and Hong Kong are two open societies in Southeast Asia, within which local and imported auditory cultures co-exist, correlating to the demographics, cultural heritage, and recent geopolitical, economic and social transformations. Nevertheless, studies of their distinctive sonic phenomena are underrepresented in the field of sound studies. Encompassing street music, ritual activities, boxing matches, fresh produce markets, shopping arcades, commuting systems and various public spaces in Bangkok and Hong Kong, this article introduces case studies and contextualizes some distinct urban soundscapes, employing first-hand audio footage, as an initial pathway for building an auditory acquaintance with the region.

城市聲景蘊含社會的文化符號，歷史與集體回憶。曼谷和香港乃東南亞之開放城市，其本土與外來的聽覺文化並存，繫於族群分佈，文化傳承，地緣正治，社會經濟的演變。然而，聲音研究暫未對此題目有廣泛涉獵。有鑑於此，本文收納兩城市之街頭音樂，祭祀活動，鮮活市場，運輸系統，商場，拳賽，運輸系統，公共空間，就其聲景設案考察，為充實東南亞之聽覺智識引路。
The Relevance of Point of Audition in Television Sound: Rethinking a Problematic Term
Authors: Svein Høier
Published: December 2024

There are good reasons to consider point of audition (POA) as a problematic term when writing about sound. This essay addresses the different challenges one meets when using the term and discusses different alternatives for future use of this terminology within the field of television sound. The motivation for rethinking the term is the analytical and descriptive problems raised when writing about recent trends in television sound in drama, sports, news, documentaries and other television genres. The argumentation refers to the flexible and creative uses of television sound today and discusses how various production examples can be better accounted for by refining the term point of audition. All in all, four categories of point of audition are suggested for analysis: observational, active, individual and personal POAs.
EDITORIAL: Listenings
Authors: Marcel Cobussen
Published: December 2024

In 2005 Dutch musicologist, composer, and writer Elmer Schönberger gave the Huizinga lecture entitled ‘Het Grote Luisteren – reikhalzen naar muziek’ [The Large Listening – yearning for music].[1] It is a passionate plea for a disinterested, disengaged listening to ‘real’ music, music as an autonomous art form, and explicitly opposed to popular music with its connection to ‘easy’ or consumptive listening. With great enthusiasm, Schönberger joins the heritage of Eduard Hanslick and his ‘tönend bewegte Formen’ [tonally moving forms] and Peter Kivy’s ‘music alone’. He condescendingly refers to the late 18th century, the only period in Western history in which the utmost refinement and the greatest music-technical complexity had merged with the popular virtues of street songs: the Mozart operas and Haydn symphonies.
Schönberger’s Large Listening is a structural listening to high art that has, obviously, disconnected itself from socio-historical circumstances. Large Listening is not only a return to the basic material of music, to the tones themselves, but also requires understanding of the structural, architectural, and expressive richness of this ‘music alone’. Large Listening is listening to Webern, Stravinsky, Bach, Purcell, and Bruckner instead of Procol Harum’s ‘A Whiter Shade of Pale’ (all examples are taken from Schönberger’s lecture).
Listening to Deep Listening. Reflection on the 1988 Recording and the Lifework of Pauline Oliveros
Authors: Sharon Stewart
Published: December 2024

This article weaves personal reflections upon the 1988 recording by Pauline Oliveros, Stuart Dempster and Panaiotis, entitled Deep Listening®️, with a story of Deep Listening, the lifework of Pauline Oliveros, in which the author refers to highlights in the history of as well as presents some of the foundational aspects of the praxis. Throughout this story of Deep Listening appears, in the form of audio and film material, the first track of the Deep Listening recording, “Lear”; Pauline Oliveros herself, leading a Deep Listening Session Masterclass during the Sonic Acts Festival XIV in Amsterdam in February 2012; and two examples of practitioners of Deep Listening who present and comment upon their work and approach. The focus of this article seeks to remain close to a “doing of”: a bodymind engagement with listening, responding, and creating in a way that reflects the practice of Deep Listening. A type of receptive listening, an inner opening to and following of the movements of the body-with-sound encounter, is presented here as “somatic listening.”
Ways of Listening and Modes of Being: Electroacoustic Auditory Display
Authors: Paul Vickers
Published: December 2024

Auditory display is concerned with the use of non-speech sound to communicate information. If the term seems at first oxymoronic, then consider auditory display as an activity of perceptualization, that is, the process of making perceptible to humans aspects or features of a given data set or system. Most commonly this is done using visual representations (which process we call visualization) but it is not limited to the visual channel, and recent years have witnessed the increased use of auditory representations in the production of tools for exploring data. By way of semiotics and an aesthetic perspective shift, this article posits that auditory display may be considered a form of organized sound and explores the listening experience in this context.
WINDOW - AN UNDECIDED SOUND ESSAY
Authors: Katharine Norman
Published: December 2024

Window is an experiment in writing about sound, listening and environment, in a manner that deliberately subverts any sense of direction, focus or conclusion. But it is also a work of art—both scholarly and “playful”, born of indecision and from having no desire to go anywhere special. There was no preordained subject of study. Instead, the subject of study revealed itself during the making of the piece as being ordinary experience - an activity embedded in individuals rather than things - gradually explored through deliberate indirection. These notes are written to offer some extra insights into how, and why, I made this piece.
Taiwanese Bush Warblers imitating garbage trucks: a mutual affair?
Authors: Mark van Tongeren
Published: December 2024

All over Taiwan, garbage trucks equipped with loudspeakers make their rounds, playing tunes that announce their arrival to the citizens. Designed to reach people's homes at a considerable distance from the stopping points, the two garbage truck tunes thrust themselves onto large swaths of Taiwan's landscape and all of its living inhabitants. According to the author, another species, besides homo sapiens sapiens, has taken notice and musically responded to it. He describes how he witnessed a repetitive sound pattern remarkably similar to a part of a garbage truck melody able to emulate these signals. The melody was collectively executed by a small group of animals he could not see, each producing one not at a time. The author offers a possible candidate, the Brown-Flanked Bush Warbler, and a reconstruction of what he heard. These observations are contextualized within the emerging field of zoomusicology.
Acoustic Micro- and Macroephemeralities in Literature. Robert Walser’s Microscript 364 (1925) and Peter Weber’s Silber und Salbader (1999)
Authors: Boris Previsic
Published: December 2024

The genesis of Robert Walser’s Mikrogramm 364 (Microscript 364) follows an acoustic trace which positions itself at a deliberate distance from visual mediality, constitutes itself in sequences of assonances, and oscillates between poetry and prose. Acoustic microephemerality is thus the actual motivating force behind writing. Peter Weber’s novel Silber und Salbader employs similar sound processes in the creation of syntagmatic linkages, although he “sediments” this narration in historical and geological soundscapes, which the macroephemerality of acoustic retention tries to overcome by means of a literary vision. Drawing on Roman Jakobson’s “poetic function,” it is demonstrated, through example, how the acoustic elements of their texts are central to the poetology of both authors – for each, however, from a different perspective: acoustic micro- and macroephemerality, respectively.