bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retirement age does not modify the association of prior working conditions with self-rated health and mortality in retirees: results from a prospective study of retired French workers
Authors: Hoertel Nicolas , Rico Marina Sanchez , Limosin Frédéric , Lemogne Cédric , Alvarado Jesús M. , Goldberg Marcel , Zins Marie , Ménard Joël , Meneton Pierre
Published: June 2022

Objective

It is unclear whether retirement age can modify the association of working conditions with health and mortality in retirees who are no longer exposed to these conditions.

Methods

The present study investigated this issue in a cohort of 13,378 French workers in whom self-rated health and mortality were measured over 15 years after statutory retirement. The analyses were also performed in homogenous clusters of workers differentiated on the basis of working conditions, social position, birth and retirement years.

Results

Bad working conditions before retirement, which were assessed using a global score combining 25 different occupational exposures, were associated with higher rates of suboptimum self-rated health and mortality in retirees after adjusting for retirement age, social position, demographics and health status before retirement. These rates were also substantially higher in the cluster of workers characterized by bad working conditions in comparison to other clusters. In contrast, retirement age was not associated with self-rated health or mortality after adjusting for working conditions, social position, demographics and health status before retirement. Likewise, no association of retirement age with self-rated health or mortality was found in any cluster of workers and no interactions were observed with any of these clusters.

Conclusion

These results suggest that bad working conditions before retirement have long-term detrimental effects on health and mortality in retirees and that retirement age does not modulate these effects. Improving work environment rather than modifying retirement age should be prioritized to promote health and reduce mortality not only in workers but also in retirees.
Antibiotic treatments to mothers during the perinatal period leaving hidden trouble on infants
Authors: Ji Chenyang , Zhang Geer , Xu Siyuan , Xiang Qingyi , Huang Meishuang , Zhao Meirong , Bai Xiaoxia
Published: June 2022

Antibiotic application during the perinatal period is unavoidable in the clinic, but the potential effects on mothers and infants remain unknown. Herein, 25 breast milk samples from mothers who received cefuroxime (CXM) or CXM + cefoxitin (CFX) treatments and fecal samples from their infants were collected to investigate the undesirable effects of antibiotics on the microbiota of mothers and neonates. Furthermore, five fecal samples of infants, whose mothers had antibiotic treatments, were collected at a 6-month postpartum follow-up visit to evaluate the long-term effects on infants’ gut microbiota. Moreover, the relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in fecal samples was compared to investigate the transfer of ARGs in the infant gut microbiota. The results indicated that the antibiotic treatments had no influence on the microbiota of breast milk. The dominant bacterial phyla in the fecal samples changed to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria after antibiotic treatments, while the bacterial community showed a recuperative trend at the follow-up visits. In addition, the abundance of ARGs in the infant gut microbiota demonstrated a declining trend in the CXM- and CXM + CFX-treated groups, while ARG abundance presented a significant increasing trend after a 6-month recovery period.

Conclusion: Antibiotic treatments for mothers during the perinatal period disturb the gut microbiota in neonates. The infants’ gut microbiota would partly return to their initial state after rehabilitation, but the transfer of ARGs would leave the hidden trouble of antibiotic resistance. Overall, the data presented here can help to guide the scientific use of antibiotics during the perinatal period and provide potential approaches to mitigate the negative consequences.

What is Known:• Antibiotic application during the perinatal period is unavoidable in the clinic.• Misuse of antibiotics can cause various unintended consequences, especially for antibiotic resistance.

What is New:• Antibiotic treatments had no influence on the microbiota of breast milk but greatly disturbed the gut microbiota composition in infants.• The gut microbiota in infants would partly return to its initial state after rehabilitation but the transfer of ARGs would leave the hidden trouble of antibiotic resistance.
Vorbegriffliche Konzepte der Mathematik
Authors: Witte Jörg
Published: June 2022

Ein mathematischer Gegenstand kann durch einen geeigneten Begriff charakterisiert, aber nicht empirisch erkannt werden. Ein erheblicher Teil der mathematischen Forschung widmete sich der Bildung derartiger Begriffe. Wie kann aber ein Begriff über Gegenstände gebildet werden, die der Empirie nicht zugänglich sind? Diese Frage bringt die Schwierigkeiten auf den Punkt, mathematische Begriffe zu lernen und zu lehren. Hier wird dargelegt, dass der mathematischen Begriffsbildung vorbegriffliche Konzepte vorangehen. Ein vorbegriffliches Konzept ist eine Zusammenfassung von Regeln, die oft implizit befolgt werden, und mit denen ein Gegenstand konstruiert werden kann. Dabei wird an dem handlungsorientierten Ansatz der Begriffsbildung von Piaget und Aebli angeknüpft, jedoch wird er durch vorbegriffliche Konzepte der Motorik für die Geometrie sowie der Gedächtnisoperationen Merken und Erinnern für die Arithmetik ergänzt. Z. B. erfahren wir das Merkmal der Rekursion, wenn der Gegenstand einer Erinnerung wiederum eine Erinnerung enthält. Wir nennen sie eine rekursive Erinnerung. Durch sie erfahren wir eine zeitliche Ordnung und machen uns mit Merkmalen der linearen Ordnung vertraut. Ein Merkschritt, in dem wir uns die Existenz eines Gegenstandes sowie eine Erinnerung an den unmittelbar vorangegangenen Merkschritt merken, insofern er stattgefunden hat, hat alle Eigenschaften einer natürlichen Zahl. Die impliziten Regeln vorbegrifflicher Konzepte elementarer mathematischer Begriffe werden expliziert, so dass ein Lernender die Begriffsbildung sowie die Begriffe mit ihren logischen Konsequenzen und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten besser nachvollziehen kann.
Why do people stay put in environmentally stressful regions? Cognitive bias and heuristics in migration decision-making
Authors: Czaika Mathias , Reinprecht Constantin
Published: June 2022

Environmentally induced migration and mobility receives high attention in politics, media, and academia, even though non-migration is of much greater scale and probably the less understood phenomenon. The decision to leave or to stay put in an environmentally stressful region is a decision taken in the context of personal needs and aspirations, and uncertain survival and livelihood opportunities elsewhere. Information and expectations about migratory options and challenges are always incomplete, and whether migration, or rather non-migration, turns out as the personally more beneficial option depends on circumstances that are ex ante unknown and ex post not fully under control of the potential out-migrant. We argue that—despite exposure to severe environmental stress in a region—voluntary non-migration can be a viable outcome of a conscious but sometimes biased cognitive process. By highlighting the role of some relevant search and decision heuristics, we discuss why people around the globe decide to stay put in an environmentally stressful home region—despite favorable migratory options and sufficient resources for realizing opportunities elsewhere.
Spectra of Groups
Authors: Facchini Alberto , de Giovanni Francesco , Trombetti Marco
Published: June 2022

The aim of this paper is to investigate the behaviour of prime and semiprime subgroups of groups, and their relation with the existence of abelian normal subgroups. In particular, we study the set Spec(G) of all prime subgroups of a group G endowed with the Zariski topology and, among other examples, we construct an infinite group whose proper normal subgroups are prime and form a descending chain of type ω + 1.
Coulomb Interaction Engineering at YBa$$_{2}$$Cu$$_3$$O$$_{7-\delta }$$-SrTiO$$_{3}$$ Interface
Authors: La Mattina F. , Erni R. , Rossell M. D. , Bona G.-L. , Shengelaya A.
Published: June 2022

It has been proposed by Müller and Shengelaya that underdoped ultrathin layers of copper-oxide high-temperature superconductors (HTSs) sandwiched between high-dielectric-constant insulator layers could manifest increased superconducting critical temperature $$T_c$$

T
c

. To check this hypothesis, we investigated structural and transport properties of YBa$$_{2}$$

2

Cu$$_{3}$$

3

O$$_{7-\delta }$$

7
-
δ

(YBCO) thin films sandwiched between SrTiO$$_{3}$$

3

(STO) layers. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) showed that a high-quality interface is formed between YBCO and the top STO layers. An increase of $$T_c$$

T
c

up to $$\Delta$$
Δ
T$$\approx$$
≈
20 K was observed at these interfaces in case of underdoped YBCO films.
Bioactive lipid screening during respiratory tract infections with bacterial and viral pathogens in mice
Authors: Schultz Daniel , Cuypers Fabian , Skorka Sebastian B. , Rockstroh Jan , Gesell Salazar Manuela , Krieger Jakob , Albrecht Dirk , Völker Uwe , Hammerschmidt Sven , Lalk Michael , Siemens Nikolai , Methling Karen
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Respiratory tract infections are a worldwide health problem for humans and animals. Different cell types produce lipid mediators in response to infections, which consist of eicosanoids like hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) or oxylipins like hydroxydocosahexaenoic acids (HDHAs). Both substance classes possess immunomodulatory functions. However, little is known about their role in respiratory infections.

Objectives

Here, we aimed to analyze the lipid mediator imprint of different organs of C57BL/6J mice after intranasal mono-infections with Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), Staphylococcus aureus or Influenza A virus (IAV) as wells as pneumococcal-IAV co-infection.

Methods

C57BL/6J mice were infected with different pathogens and lungs, spleen, and plasma were collected. Lipid mediators were analyzed using HPLC-MS/MS. In addition, spatial-distribution of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide 1-phosphates (C1P) in tissue samples was examined using MALDI-MS-Imaging. The presence of bacterial pathogens in the lung was confirmed via immunofluorescence staining.

Results

We found IAV specific changes for different HDHAs and HETEs in mouse lungs as well as enhanced levels of 20-HETE in severe S. aureus infection. Moreover, MALDI-MS-Imaging analysis showed an accumulation of C1P and a decrease of S1P during co-infection in lung and spleen. Long chain C1P was enriched in the red and not in the white pulp of the spleen.

Conclusions

Lipid mediator analysis showed that host synthesis of bioactive lipids is in part specific for a certain pathogen, in particular for IAV infection. Furthermore, MS-Imaging displayed great potential to study infections and revealed changes of S1P and C1P in lungs and spleen of co-infected animals, which was not described before.
Dietary Selenium Intake and Kidney Stones in Old Adults: an Analysis from NHANES 2011 to 2018
Authors: Qi Qiao , Hu Yongtao , Chen Yang , Xu Yuexian , Hao Zongyao
Published: June 2022

The association between dietary selenium intake and kidney stones remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between dietary selenium intake and kidney stones in older adults. A total of 6669 adults aged ≥ 60 years who had participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2011–2018 were enrolled in the current study. The correlation between dietary selenium intake and kidney stones was assessed by the logistic regression analysis. Smooth curve fitting was used to explore the potential non-linear relationship and subgroup analyses were further adopted. After adjustment for multiple confounding factors, the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of kidney stones for per standard deviation increment in dietary selenium intake was 0.92 (0.85, 1.00) overall. Compared with the lowest quartile, the ORs (95% CIs) with increasing quartiles were 0.88 (0.71, 1.08), 0.82 (0.66, 1.02), and 0.79 (0.64, 0.97). In addition, smooth curve fitting and stratified analyses showed that there was a non-linear and stable correlation between dietary selenium intake and the occurrence of kidney stones respectively. For adults aged over 60, dietary selenium intake was inversely correlated with kidney stones, and this relationship remained after adjusting for other confounding variables. Further researches are needed to explore the potential mechanism between dietary selenium intake and kidney stones.
Higher Quantity, Higher Quality? Current Publication Trends of the Most Productive Journal Authors on the Field of Communication Studies
Authors: Demeter Márton , Pelle Veronika , Mikulás Gábor , Goyanes Manuel
Published: June 2022

The aim of this paper is to examine the publication trajectories of the most productive scholars in communication and media studies between 2015 and 2019. Based on the analysis of 1482 papers of the top-publishing one hundred communication scholars, we identified 126 Scopus-indexed journals in which leading scholars publish, and also examine the main publication clusters. Our results suggest that amongst the most productive authors, quantity does not go to the detriment of quality as the most prolific scholars usually publish in the most prestigious journals of the field. Besides defining thematic clusters, we also identified the most important networks of journals that are the most popular amongst prolific researchers.
Impact of Freeze-Drying on the Determination of the Geographical Origin of Almonds (Prunus dulcis Mill.) by Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy
Authors: Lösel Henri , Shakiba Navid , Wenck Soeren , Le Tan Phat , Arndt Maike , Seifert Stephan , Hackl Thomas , Fischer Markus
Published: June 2022

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a proven tool for the determination of food authenticity, mainly because of good classification results and the possibility of industrial use due to its easy and fast application. Since water shows broad absorption bands, the water content of a sample should be as low as possible. Freeze-drying is a commonly used preparatory step for this to reduce the water content in the sample. However, freeze-drying, also known as lyophilization, is very time-consuming impeding the widespread usage of NIR analysis as a rapid method for incoming goods inspections. We used a sample set of 72 almond samples from six economically relevant almond-producing countries to investigate the question of how important lyophilization is to obtain a well-performing classification model. For this approach, the samples were ground and lyophilized for 3 h, 24 h, and 48 h and compared to non-freeze-dried samples. Karl-Fischer titration of non-lyophilized samples showed that water contents ranged from 3.0 to 10.5% and remained constant at 0.36 ± 0.13% after a freeze-drying period of 24 h. The non-freeze-dried samples showed a classification accuracy of 93.9 ± 6.4%, which was in the same range as the samples which were freeze-dried for 3 h (94.2 ± 7.8%), 24 h (92.5 ± 8.7%), and 48 h (95.0 ± 9.0%). Feature selection was performed using the Boruta algorithm, which showed that signals from lipids and proteins are relevant for the origin determination. The presented study showed that samples with low water content, especially nuts, can be analyzed without the time-consuming preparation step of freeze-drying to obtain robust and fast results, which are especially required for incoming goods inspection.
Provenance, Tectonic Setting and Paleoclimate of the Bhuban Formation Exposed in Jampui Hills, Tripura Fold Belt, Tripura, India: Insights from Petrography and Clay Mineralogy
Authors: Borgohain Kashyap , Sarmah Ranjan Kumar
Published: June 2022

The sandstones of the Bhuban Formation (Miocene) exposed in the Jampui hills of Tripura Fold Belt, India has been studied for provenance, tectonic setting and paleoclimate using the petrography, heavy mineral assemblage and clay mineral studies. The detrital mode of the sandstones indicate that the sediments consists predominantly of detrital quartz (avg. 92.19%), with subordinate proportions of feldspar (avg. 4.55%) and rock fragments (avg. 3.25%). The provenance discrimination diagrams depict the derivation of the detritus from both plutonic and metamorphic source rocks having affinity to continental block provenance. The plots of QFR and semi quantitative weathering index of the clastics support a moderate degree of paleoweathering in the source area under humid climatic condition. The presence of zircon, tourmaline, rutile, kyanite, epidote, sillimanite and garnet in the Bhuban sandstones is ascribed to the provenance of plutonic and metamorphic rocks. Dominance of zircon in the heavy mineral assemblage and the ZTR index values (75.13% avg.) indicate towards moderate degree of maturity with long distance of transport. The study of the shale samples by XRD and SEM analyses shows the dominance of illite over kaolinite and montmorillonite. The presence of minor amount of montmorillonite may suggest the addition of tuff and volcanic ash in the sediments under alkaline environment.
Eruption pattern of the maxillary canines: features indicating treatment needs as seen in PTG at the late mixed stage—Part II
Authors: Ristaniemi J. , Karjalainen T. , Kujasalo K. , Rajala W. , Pesonen P. , Lähdesmäki R.
Published: June 2022

Aim

To describe features of maxillary permanent canines in the late mixed stage as seen in panoramic radiograph (PTG) that later needed treatment to erupt into the oral cavity and to compare them with naturally erupted canines.

Methods

The cross-sectional part of this retrospective register-based study consisted of 1454 PTGs of children (mean age 9.3 years) living in Eastern Finland, while the longitudinal part involved patient data on 184 treated maxillary canines. The variables examined were treatment needs, overlapping and inclination of the maxillary canines, the development stage of the canines and lateral incisors and dental age.

Results

Only 11.6% of the maxillary canines needed treatment, including interceptive procedures. The treated canines significantly more often had overlapping (p < 0.001), larger inclination (p = 0.001) and incomplete lateral incisors (p = 0.002) than did the naturally erupted canines. The children treated significantly more often had a delayed dental age (p = 0.035). Clear overlapping was closely associated with all treatment modalities, whereas some overlapping and a large inclination angle (≥ 25°) were associated especially in cases of late treatment. An incomplete lateral incisor and delayed dental age were associated with treatment.

Conclusion

An association with treatment needs was found especially in the case of overlapping and a large inclination angle of the maxillary canine a couple of years before eruption into the oral cavity. These features can be early signs and indications for instant or later treatment of a maxillary canine and underline the importance of monitoring space conditions and erupting canines.
Klinische Aspekte der Knochenmarködeme: eine Literaturübersicht
Authors: Stojanovska Klementina , Schirmer Michael
Published: June 2022

Über das primäre Knochenmarködemsyndrom (KM-Ödemsyndrom) ist in der Literatur relativ wenig bekannt. Aufgrund dieser Übersichtsarbeit erscheint es sinnvoll, Klassifikationskriterien zu entwickeln, mit klarer Unterscheidung zwischen primärem und sekundärem KM-Ödemsyndrom. Auf dieser Basis können dann in der Folge Outcomeparameter besser definiert und validiert werden, um größere randomisierte, möglichst doppelblinde Studien sowohl für pharmakologische als auch nichtpharmakologische Therapieverfahren zu initiieren.
Changes in Companion Diagnostic Labelling: Implementation of FDA’s April 2020 Guidance for Industry for In Vitro CDx Labeling for Specific Oncology Therapeutic Groups
Authors: Cooper Lisa , Chen Joyce
Published: June 2022

Advanced understanding of the molecular pathways of oncologic diseases has shifted therapeutic treatment development to focus on mechanism of actions targeting specific genomic alterations. These precision medicines are indicated for patient subsets defined by these specific mutations as determined by diagnostic devices approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The Intended Use section within the companion diagnostic (CDx) labeling has historically specified the therapeutic products for which they have been clinically validated. In April 2020, the FDA reiterated their position that therapeutic class labeling may be used, if appropriate, instead of named products. Labels for FDA approved in vitro CDxs were reviewed to evaluate the implementation of therapeutic class labeling. A total of 47 devices have been approved as of 2 January 2022, of which 3 labels were found to contain therapeutic class labeling: two devices targeting EGFR mutations for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and one targeting BRAF V600E and BRAF/MEK inhibitor combinations for melanoma. Two devices received therapeutic class labeling upon initial approval, while the third implemented the language though a label revision. A total of 25 different indications were identified across the 47 CDx devices, of which 9 (34.6%) were associated with more than 1 CDx device. Implementation of therapeutic class labeling has been slow following the release of the FDA’s April 2020 guidance; however, the potential to incorporate such language into existing and newly approved CDx labels exists. Precedence and manufacturer experience are expected to drive an increase in therapeutic class labeling.
Optimal Decision Making for Fractional Multi-commodity Network Flow Problem in a Multi-choice Fuzzy Stochastic Hybrid Environment
Authors: Bavandi S. , Nasseri S. H.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a fractional multi-commodity network flow problem with multi-choice parameters is studied under hybrid fuzzy-stochastic conditions. In this problem, coefficients of the objective function in both the nominator and denominator take the form of multi-choice parameters, with the alternative choices for the nominator and denominator of the fraction being represented by fuzzy-stochastic and fuzzy variables, respectively. The arc capacities are also considered as fuzzy-stochastic variables. The main goal of the present research is to provide the decision-maker with a model by the help of which he/she can manage unknown factors across a multi-commodity network. Given that this problem is herein investigated in a hybrid fuzzy-stochastic environment and includes multi-choice parameters, we use the probability-possibility approach, Lagrange interpolating polynomial, and the Charnes–Cooper variable transformation technique to convert the problem into a deterministic one. Finally, efficiency of the proposed model is evaluated by presenting a couple of numerical instances.
Impact of tank gravimetric efficiency on propulsion system integration for a first-generation hydrogen civil airliner
Authors: Huete J. , Nalianda D. , Pilidis P.
Published: June 2022

Civil aircraft that fly long ranges consume a large fraction of civil aviation fuel, injecting an important amount of aviation carbon into the atmosphere. Decarbonising solutions must consider this sector. A philosophical-analytical feasibility of an airliner family to assist in the elimination of carbon dioxide emissions from civil aviation is proposed. It comprises four models based on the integration of the body of a large two-deck airliner with the engines, wings and flight surfaces of a long-range twin widebody jet. The objective of the investigation presented here is to evaluate the impact of liquid hydrogen tank technology in terms of gravimetric efficiency. A range of hydrogen storage gravimetric efficiencies was evaluated; from a pessimistic value of 0.30 to a futuristic value of 0.85. This parameter has a profound influence on the overall fuel system weight and an impact on the integrated performance. The resulting impact is relatively small for the short-range aircraft; it increases with range and is important for the longer-range aircraft. For shorter-range aircraft variants, the tanks needed to store the hydrogen are relatively small, so the impact of tank weight is not significant. Longer range aircraft are weight constrained and the influence of tank weight is important. In the case of the longest range, the deliverable distance increases from slightly over 4,000 nautical miles, with a gravimetric efficiency of 0.3, to nearly 7,000 with a gravimetric efficiency of 0.85.
The use of augmented reality for patient and significant other stroke education: a feasibility study
Authors: Finch Emma , Minchell Ellie , Cameron Ashley , Jaques Katherine , Lethlean Jennifer , Shah Darshan , Moro Christian
Published: June 2022

Background:

Stroke education is a key factor in minimising secondary stroke risk, yet worldwide stroke education rates are low. Technology has the potential to increase stroke education accessibility. One technology that could be beneficial is augmented reality (AR). We developed and trialled a stroke education lesson using an AR application with stroke patients and significant others.

Methods:

A feasibility study design was used. Following development of the AR stroke education lesson, 19 people with stroke and three significant others trialled the lesson then completed a customised mixed method questionnaire. The lesson involved narrated audio while participants interacted with a model brain via a tablet. Information about participant recruitment and retention, usage, and perceptions were collected.

Results:

Fifty-eight percent (n = 22) of eligible individuals consented to participate. Once recruited, 100% of participants (n = 22) were retained. Ninety percent of participants used the lesson once. Most participants used the application independently (81.82%, n = 18), had positive views about the lesson (over 80% across items including enjoyment, usefulness and perception of the application as a good learning tool) and reported improved confidence in stroke knowledge (72.73%, n = 16). Confidence in stroke knowledge post-lesson was associated with comfort using the application (p = 0.046, Fisher’s exact test) and perception of the application as a good learning tool (p = 0.009, Fisher’s exact test).

Conclusions:

Technology-enhanced instruction in the form of AR is feasible for educating patients and significant others about stroke. Further research following refinement of the lesson is required.
Neurologic Complications in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia with Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Agarwal Joel , LaBranche Jennifer , Dhillon Simran , Allison W. Ted , Jeerakathil Thomas , Vethanayagam Dilini
Published: June 2022

Background:

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant multi-organ condition occurring with a 1 in 3800 prevalence in Alberta. This genetic disorder leads to vascular malformations in different organs including the lungs and brain, commonly affecting pulmonary vasculature leading to pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs). PAVMs lead to right-to-left shunts, which may be associated with neurologic complications. We aimed to evaluate and summarize the reported neurologic manifestations of individuals with HHT with pre-existing PAVMs.

Methods:

We performed a qualitative systematic review to determine available literature on neurological complications among patients with PAVMs and HHT. Published studies included observational studies, case studies, prospective studies, and cohort studies including search terms HHT, PAVMs, and various neurologic complications using MEDLINE and EMBASE.

Results:

A total of 449 manuscripts were extracted including some duplicates of titles, abstracts, and text which were screened. Following this, 23 publications were identified for inclusion in the analysis. Most were case reports (n = 15). PAVMs were addressed in all these articles in association with various neurological conditions ranging from cerebral abscess, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, embolic stroke, and migraines.

Conclusion:

Although HHT patients with PAVMs are at risk for a variety of neurological complications compared to those without PAVMs, the quality and volume of evidence characterizing this association is low. Individuals with PAVMs have a high prevalence of neurological manifestations such as cerebral abscess, transient ischemic attack, cerebral embolism, hemorrhage, and stroke. Mitigating stroke risk by implementing proper standardized screening techniques for PAVMs is invaluable in preventing increased mortality.
Engraving Portraits in the Skin: Vernacular Commemorative Tattoos for Ceauşescu, Tito, and Stalin
Authors: Asavei Maria Alina
Published: June 2022

This article focuses on the privately created commemorative practice of getting the official portraits of three former socialist leaders as a tattoo: Nicolae Ceauşescu, Josip Broz Tito, and Josif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (Stalin). The mnemonic actors who have indulged in this practice after the 1990s contribute to a culture informed by vernacular memorials that conform to neither the official politics of remembrance and its aesthetics nor its content. Correspondingly, this article focuses on the aesthetic, political, and epistemic intricacies of remembering through the inked body. Unlike memorial tattoos that mark the recognition of a group that has suffered the same trauma, the commemorative tattoos analyzed in this article reflect a centrifugal set of identity concerns, ranging fromYugonostalgiato individualized spaces of self-healing and identity affirmation. The argument put forth is that tattoos can act as vernacular commemorations collected into a body archive of nostalgia for the ontological security of the past and “great leadership.” Thus, the overarching question is not how and why people materialize memories through their bodies but rather to what ends the inked body accommodates commemorative representations of former political leaders who are usually depicted in public memory as “unworthy” of commemoration.
BOG PINE AND DECIDUOUS TREES CHRONOLOGIES RELATED TO PEAT SEQUENCES STRATIGRAPHY OF THE PODEMSZCZYZNA PEATLAND (SANDOMIERZ BASIN, SOUTHEASTERN POLAND)
Authors: Margielewski Włodzimierz , Krąpiec Marek , Buczek Krzysztof , Korzeń Katarzyna , Szychowska-Krąpiec Elżbieta , Pociecha Agnieszka , Pilch Jolanta , Obidowicz Andrzej , Sala Dariusz , Klimek Agnieszka
Published: June 2022

The Podemszczyzna peatland (Sandomierz Basin, SE Poland) is a place of peat exploitation for balneological purposes. The thickness of organic sediments (minerogenic peat) reaches 4.0 m, while the beginning of peat accumulation was dated using the radiocarbon method (14C) at 13,517–13,156 cal BP. During the peat exploitation numerous fragments of subfossil wood (of various species) were excavated and, based on dendrochronological analyzes and 14C dating (wiggle-matching), two short floating chronologies were elaborated: bog pine chronology (147 years long) and deciduous trees (oak, elm) chronology (139 years long). 14C dating has shown that the bog pine chronology (ca. 9980–9830 mod. cal BP) is the oldest pine chronology found in the Polish peatlands so far. It was synchronous with the Preboreal decline of fluvial activity and peat formation, whereas dying off of trees was connected with distinct rise of fluvial activity. Floating chronology of deciduous trees is much younger and encompasses time interval of ca. 680–545 cal BP. The trees’ encroachment on the peatland was related to the terrestrialization of the depositional fen, recorded in the loss on ignition curve in the form of mineral sediment delivery to the bog, as well as it is marked in the pollen record.
Class and relative wealth accumulation in five European countries: Sociological Lessons from the Household Financial and Consumption Survey (European Central Bank, 2014 Wave)
Authors: Duvoux Nicolas , Papuchon Adrien
Published: June 2022

Recent sociological research tends to move beyond the divide between economics and sociology in the study of socioeconomic inequality. It focuses primarily on the relationship between social class and work-related income. Yet, it has been shown that wealth, rather than income, was the decisive feature of contemporary inequality and that wealth and income increasingly tend to be captured through the same households. To bridge the gap between the two disciplines and provide a comprehensive understanding of socioeconomic inequality, this article developed an integrated analysis of wealth and income distribution among occupational groups at different ages in five major European countries. To that end, we used the Household Financial and Consumption Survey [2014 wave] of the European Central Bank network.
The facade of power and the power of the facade: memory and meaning in Victorian cities
Authors: Rodger Richard
Published: June 2022

Terraces and tenements provide the facades upon which are inscribed texts and decorative images. Embedded in the walls, these ‘plaques’ convey meanings and memories that saturate the built environment with references to the past. Evidence based on property surveys, maps and archival documents form the empirical basis from which it is concluded that images and inscriptions presented a wider geo-political and historical awareness in the everyday setting of local residents.
Searching for Transient Slow Slips Along the San Andreas Fault Near Parkfield Using Independent Component Analysis
Authors: Michel Sylvain , Jolivet Romain , Lengliné Olivier , Gualandi Adriano , Larochelle Stacy , Gardonio Blandine
Published: June 2022

The Parkfield segment of the San Andreas Fault (SAF) sits at the transition between the locked Cholame segment to the South and the SAF creeping segment to the North. The Parkfield segment hosts regular 6 earthquakes followed by postseismic deformation. Recent studies based on geodetic data have highlighted spatial and temporal variations of aseismic slip rate in addition to postseismic slip along this section of the fault. We combine Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and seismicity data over the 2006–2018 period to detail a comprehensive picture of transient slip events. We produce a catalog of relocated seismicity and repeating earthquakes. We use a variational Bayesian independent component analysis decomposition on GNSS data to separate geodetic deformation due to non‐tectonic sources from signals of potential tectonic origin. We then reconstruct the temporal evolution of fault slip and detect potential slip transients. Those events, determined as mostly aseismic with the exception of one related to a 4.8 earthquake, occur more frequently during the 2004 6 post‐seismic period than during the subsequent inter‐seismic phase. Our study illustrates the rich dynamics of seismic and aseismic slip during both post‐ and inter‐seismic periods along active faults.
Microphysical Characteristics of Raindrop Size Distribution and Implications for Radar Rainfall Estimation Over the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Li Qiong , Wei Jiahua , Yin Jianguo , Qiao Zhen , Cao Jiongwei , shi Yang
Published: June 2022

Raindrop size distribution (DSD) observations with OTT PARSIVEL2 disdrometers at Dari and Delingha in the northeast of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during summer 2019 and 2020 were utilized to investigate the DSD characteristics and DSD‐based polarimetric radar quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) relations on the X, Ku, and Ka bands. The DSD characteristics were examined for different rain rates (R) and for stratiform and convective rainfall types. The raindrop spectra became wider and flatter as the R increased. Gamma parameters N0, μ, and λ (representing intercept, shape, and slope parameters, respectively) were smaller for convective compared to stratiform rainfall, corresponding to the broader and flatter convective raindrop spectra. The μ–λ and Dm–log10Nw relationships were also examined in our study. There was a significant μ–λ correlation, with a quadratic function relationship. The summer convective rainfall at both Dari and Delingha showed continental‐like clusters based on the Dm–log10Nw relationship. The DSD‐based two‐parameter polarimetric radar QPE relations (R(Zh, ZDR), R(KDP, ZDR)), and one‐parameter relations (R(Zh), R(KDP)) at the X, Ku, and Ka bands were proposed, and the R computed from DSD was implemented to evaluate these relations. The performance of two‐parameter models was stronger than that of one‐parameter models. Moreover, R(Zh, ZDR) and R(KDP, ZDR) performed better for the X and Ku bands, while the R(KDP, ZDR) model performed best for the Ka band. The ground‐based Ka/Ku band measurement Z at Dari was used to evaluate the Z–R and R−Dm QPE relations. The R−Dm relations had a better performance compared to the Z–R relations. The Ku radar‐derived R series are more consistent with the DSD measured counterparts. The research of the dual‐polarization radar parameter models is vital to develop radar QPE algorithms on the TP.
A Simulation Study on the Variation of Thermospheric O/N2 With Solar Activity
Authors: Li Zhongli , Luan Xiaoli , Lei Jiuhou , Ren Dexin
Published: June 2022

The ratio of number density of atomic oxygen (O) to that of molecular nitrogen (N2) in the thermosphere (O/N2) on the constant pressure surface, which has complex temporal and spatial characteristics, is widely regarded as an important parameter connecting the terrestrial thermosphere and daytime ionosphere. Previous studies demonstrated that the thermospheric O/N2 increases with increasing solar activity, and the changes in O/N2 with solar activity show significant difference between winter and summer hemispheres. However, the root causes, which are responsible for the solar activity variation of O/N2, are not fully understood. In this study, the contributions of various physical and chemical processes on the response of O/N2 to the solar radiation change were quantitatively investigated through a series of controlled simulations from the Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model. The simulation results suggested that the chemical processes lead to the increase of thermospheric O/N2 over the globe with increasing solar activity. The increase of O/N2 with solar activity is dominated by the enrichment of O abundance and the loss of N2 abundance in the lower and upper thermosphere, respectively. Moreover, the simulation results suggested that the stronger hemispheric asymmetry is attributed to the stronger thermospheric circulation, which changes the vertical advection of O/N2 through both direct and indirect effects.
CDiP technology for reverse engineering of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kondo Takayuki , Yada Yuichiro , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Inoue Haruhisa
Published: June 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes cognitive impairment for which neither treatable nor preventable approaches have been confirmed. Although genetic factors are considered to contribute to sporadic AD, for the majority of AD patients, the exact causes of AD aren’t fully understood. For AD genetics, we developed cellular dissection of polygenicity (CDiP) technology to identify the smallest unit of AD, i.e., genetic factors at a cellular level. By CDiP, we found potential therapeutic targets, a rare variant for disease stratification, and polygenes to predict real-world AD by using the real-world data of AD cohort studies (Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: ADNI and Japanese Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: J-ADNI). In this review, we describe the components and results of CDiP in AD, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) cohort, a cell genome-wide association study (cell GWAS), and machine learning. And finally, we discuss the future perspectives of CDiP technology for reverse engineering of sporadic AD toward AD eradication.
“Clean” doping to advance 2D material phototransistors
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wang Peng , Hu Weida
Published: June 2022

Doping is an essential element to develop next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices and has to break the limit of specific steps during material synthesis and device fabrication. Here the authors reveal “clean” doping to enhance the electric and photoelectric performance of two-dimensional (2D) indium selenide (InSe) via a neutron-transmutation method for the first time, even after device fabrication.
Giant excitonic upconverted emission from two-dimensional semiconductor in doubly resonant plasmonic nanocavity
Authors: Qi Pengfei , Dai Yuchen , Luo Yang , Tao Guangyi , Zheng Liheng , Liu Donglin , Zhang Tianhao , Zhou Jiadong , Shen Bo , Lin Feng , Liu Zheng , Fang Zheyu
Published: June 2022

Phonon-assisted upconverted emission is the heart of energy harvesting, bioimaging, optical cryptography, and optical refrigeration. It has been demonstrated that emerging two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors can provide an excellent platform for efficient phonon-assisted upconversion due to the enhanced optical transition strength and phonon-exciton interaction of 2D excitons. However, there is little research on the further enhancement of excitonic upconverted emission in 2D semiconductors. Here, we report the enhanced multiphoton upconverted emission of 2D excitons in doubly resonant plasmonic nanocavities. Owing to the enhanced light collection, enhanced excitation rate, and quantum efficiency enhancement arising from the Purcell effect, an upconverted emission amplification of >1000-fold and a decrease of 2~3 orders of magnitude in the saturated excitation power are achieved. These findings pave the way for the development of excitonic upconversion lasing, nanoscopic thermometry, and sensing, revealing the possibility of optical refrigeration in future 2D electronic or excitonic devices.
Distinct promoter regions of the oxytocin receptor gene are hypomethylated in Prader-Willi syndrome and in Prader-Willi syndrome associated psychosis
Authors: Heseding Hannah M. , Jahn Kirsten , Eberlein Christian K. , Wieting Jelte , Maier Hannah B. , Proskynitopoulos Phileas J. , Glahn Alexander , Bleich Stefan , Frieling Helge , Deest Maximilian
Published: June 2022

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a loss of usually paternally expressed, maternally imprinted genes located on chromosome 15q11-q13. Individuals with PWS display a specific behavioral phenotype and have a higher susceptibility than the general population for certain psychiatric conditions, especially psychosis. An impairment of the oxytocin system has been described in Prader-Willi syndrome, but has not yet been investigated in detail on the epigenetic level. Recent studies have pointed out altered methylation patterns of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) in various psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. In this study, we investigated methylation rates of CpG dinucleotides in the promoter region of the oxytocin receptor gene via bisulfite-sequencing using DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples of 31 individuals with PWS and 14 controls matched for age, sex, and BMI. Individuals with PWS show significantly lower methylation in the intron 1 region of the OXTR than neurotypical controls (p = 0.012). Furthermore, male PWS subjects with psychosis show significantly lower methylation of the OXTR exon 1 region than those without psychosis (p = 0.002). Transcription factor binding site analysis revealed E2F1 as a transcription factor potentially binding to the exon 1 region. E2F1 is physiologically regulated by Necdin, an anti-apoptotic protein whose corresponding gene is located within the PWS locus. This study provides evidence of a disruption of the Oxytocin system on an epigenetic level in PWS in general and in individuals with PWS and psychosis.
The role of the anterior temporal cortex in action: evidence from fMRI multivariate searchlight analysis during real object grasping
Authors: Knights Ethan , Smith Fraser W. , Rossit Stéphanie
Published: June 2022

Intelligent manipulation of handheld tools marks a major discontinuity between humans and our closest ancestors. Here we identified neural representations about how tools are typically manipulated within left anterior temporal cortex, by shifting a searchlight classifier through whole-brain real action fMRI data when participants grasped 3D-printed tools in ways considered typical for use (i.e., by their handle). These neural representations were automatically evocated as task performance did not require semantic processing. In fact, findings from a behavioural motion-capture experiment confirmed that actions with tools (relative to non-tool) incurred additional processing costs, as would be suspected if semantic areas are being automatically engaged. These results substantiate theories of semantic cognition that claim the anterior temporal cortex combines sensorimotor and semantic content for advanced behaviours like tool manipulation.
A photosynthetic rate prediction model using improved RBF neural network
Authors: Pu Liuru , Li Yuanfang , Gao Pan , Zhang Haihui , Hu Jin
Published: June 2022

A photosynthetic prediction rate model is a theoretical basis for light environmental regulation, and the existing photosynthetic rate prediction models are limited by low modeling speed and prediction accuracy. Therefore, this paper analyses effects of light quality on photosynthesis rate, and proposes a method based on Radial basis function (RBF) optimized by Quantum genetic algorithm (QGA) to establish photosynthetic rate prediction model. We selected "golden embryo2 formula 98-1F1" cucumber seedlings as experimental material and used LI-6800 to record the photosynthetic rates under different temperatures, light intensities and light quality. Experimental data is used to train and test the proposed model. The determinant coefficient of the model between the predicted and the measured values is 0.996, the straight slope of linear fitting is 1.000, and the straight intercept of linear fitting is 0.061. Moreover, the proposed method is compared with 6 artificial intelligence algorithms. The comparison results also validate that the proposed model has the highest accuracy compared with other algorithms.