bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic Analysis of Ice Load Occurrence in Floe Ice Fields
Authors: Xie Chenxi , Xia Lijuan , Li Fang
Published: August 2024

Ships navigating in the Arctic and Antarctic regions frequently encounter the threat of ice. Floe ice exhibits various shapes and sizes, with significant variations in thickness and concentration across different ice fields. Estimating the number of ship-ice contact events accurately is crucial for strategic navigation and fatigue damage assessment.

This paper focuses on the contact occurrence in floe ice fields which can be determined by the time intervals between contacts. The occurrence in level ice fields follows a Poisson distribution and the time intervals follow an exponential distribution which has been demonstrated in numerous studies. Based on the measurement data on Polar Supply and Research Vessel (PSRV) S.A. Agulhas II during 2018/19 Antarctic voyage which encountered extensive floe ice, this paper examines the applicability of previously proposed patterns in level ice fields to floe ice fields. A mixture exponential distribution model is proposed to fit the time intervals in floe ice fields and the statistical test is adopted to evaluate the goodness of fit. This paper then provides a procedure to obtain the contact occurrence by Monte Carlo method based on the distribution of time intervals. To further investigate the influence of contact occurrence on short term extreme distributions of local ice loads, three methods are employed and the distributions are found to be highly consistent.
Application of Digitalization and Digital Twins to Mooring Integrity Assessment of Floaters
Authors: Das Suvabrata , Maroju Soma S. , Lewis Jeffrey , Arantes Joao
Published: August 2024

Mooring systems in offshore applications primarily use chains to connect floaters to anchors. However, these systems are vulnerable to corrosion and fatigue, leading to failures. The offshore renewable energy industry will benefit from cost-effective condition monitoring instrumentation packages that help to lower overall operations and maintenance costs. While direct mooring load measurements are typically preferred, their frequent failures make them less reliable. This paper presents a robust and cost-effective Mooring Condition Monitoring System (MCMS) for offshore floaters, that can be widely deployed and can monitor the mooring line loads in near real-time. This system consists of primary reliable sensors that include redundant Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) units, tri-axial accelerometers, and angular rate sensors. These sensor systems have the advantage of being low-cost, and do not interfere with the mooring system operation. The measurements from the MCMS are accessed and post-processed through an analytics platform, BMT DEEP, harnessing the benefits of Digital Twin Technology and bringing in data from all sources into a common time reference and enabling to synthesize and monitor the asset mooring system from any remote location through the mooring monitoring dashboard.

The data from the floater marine monitoring system are quality controlled and fed to a mooring solver engine to generate a time history of each component tension loads from motions at termination points. This will be in turn used to obtain cyclic load severity for fatigue damage accumulation and remaining life evaluation. The solver engine implements a combination of quasi-static and dynamic mooring models along with the defined properties of component weights, elastic properties, and segment cross-sectional areas. The material properties are periodically updated to include loss of material due to prescribed corrosion rates and material component creep. Comparisons can be made between as measured and predicted fatigue damage rates from the mooring system design. The challenges faced in this process are highlighted, along with the steps taken to overcome those. The mooring monitoring dashboard will leverage background data analytics from remote monitoring, supporting proactive and predictive maintenance through automated alarms, and thus lowering operations and maintenance costs.
CCUS in a Complex Fluid Column, From Gas Condensate to Heavy Oil: A Mature Compositional Reservoir Real Case in the North of Monagas, Venezuela
Authors: Rodriguez F. , Patete A. , Belhaj H. , Llamedo M. , Al Hameli F. , Al Dhuhoori M.
Published: August 2024

Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) in El Carito-Mulata-Santa Barbara Field represents a great challenge due to the multiple phases present in the reservoir (significant variation of composition with depth from gas condensate to heavy oils and Tarmat) and the presence of local water zones and aquifers. For more than 20 years this field has been under pressure maintenance to avoid asphaltene precipitation issues, by injecting water along with natural gas, and several studies have been focused on the injection of alternative gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The scope of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of CO2 injection in El Carito-Mulata-Santa Barbara Field through a compositional simulation model, and to understand the main mechanisms of the process.

To evaluate the feasibility of CO2 injection in the study area, a compositional model previously tuned with real laboratory and field data was used, including PVT tests, swelling, slim tube and coreflood tests. This compositional model considers the three parameters of the Peng Robinson equation of state for the adjustment of laboratory experiments and a lumping scheme that allows for the evaluation of natural gas, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide injections. Different scenarios were evaluated in the full field numerical simulation model to predict the injection of CO2 in different zones of the reservoir (in the gas condensate zone, black oil zone and in the water zone), as well as the possible WAG CO2 injection.

Results of this study predict the impact of mechanisms such as miscibility/solubility/oil swelling on the evaluation of CCUS in El Carito-Mulata-Santa Barbara Field, and their effect on the recovery of hydrocarbons. The importance of data acquisition and lab test programs as well as a field monitoring plan for the calibration of the reservoir model to current reservoir conditions are highlighted. These results will provide input for the technical-economic evaluation of CCUS in El Carito-Mulata-Santa Barbara Field and future feasibility studies of CCUS for field application in Venezuela.
Challenges Towards an Integrated Digital Twin Platform for Maritime Systems: Tackling Shifts in Data Ownership
Authors: Bronson Janica A. , Fonseca Ícaro , Gaspar Henrique M.
Published: August 2024

Organizing product data from various sources and lifecycle stages into a standardized digital representation is a challenge faced by multiple actors in the maritime industry. Maintaining product data models, especially during handover and commissioning, can be difficult due to data ownership shifts and the lack of formal data governance. In maritime systems, particularly the shipping industry, these concerns are especially pronounced as ship commissioning is accompanied by traditional customs marking the transfer of ownership and management of the ship asset. This discontinuity decouples the digital ship models between the design and operation value chains. The lack of data traceability typically results in the manual integration of data models with various interpretations, databases, and dictionaries. Failure to effectively manage these data models can lead to higher costs for information reconciliation and error correction in the future.

This paper evaluates the challenges of data traceability across a maritime system’s lifecycle, mainly using ship lifecycle phases as an example. It compiles the current understanding of how physical objects are represented in virtual environments, covering concepts such as digital prototypes, instances, aggregate, twins, and the digital thread, to explore the evolution of maritime systems’ product data from upstream to downstream lifecycle phases. The paper concludes with a selection of challenges that need to be tackled and potential frameworks that may be used as solutions.
Storm Surge Model for Singapore Strait and South China Sea Using Delft3d FM
Authors: Xu Haihua , Chow Jeng Hei , Xu Xingkun , Tkalich Pavel
Published: August 2024

Singapore, a highly urbanized city-state, is characterized by its densely populated areas and economic centers situated close to the coastline. This proximity to the sea makes these areas particularly susceptible to coastal threats such as rising sea levels and storm surges. In response, we have developed a storm surge model that effectively simulates the initiation and movement of storm surges from the open sea towards the coast. The model is calibrated by ERA5 reanalysis data, which provides hourly wind information at a height of 10 meters and mean sea level pressure readings. We have carefully tuned the model’s wind drag coefficients by comparing them against data from existing tidal gauges.

This calibrated model has been utilized to analyze the hydrodynamic behavior during four significant storm surge events that have occurred in recent years. Our study includes an examination of both the time series data and the maximum water levels, as well as sea level anomalies (SLA), specifically focusing on the data recorded at the Tanjong Pagar tidal station.
Pre- and Post-Pandemic Periods Ship Emissions in the Strait of Malacca and Singapore
Authors: Ten Ki Hong , Kang Hooi-Siang , Siow Chee-Loon , Goh Jie-Heng , Khor Wei Han , Leow Jing Shuo
Published: August 2024

Ship emissions have been perceived as the main contributors of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in coming years. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, shipping sector faced disruptions and had been reported with declined emissions. The transition of ship emissions through the pandemic showed possible environmental recovery and initiated further analysis on the effect of such black swan event for the maritime industry. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the difference of ship emission trend during different periods of Covid-19 pandemic based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data collected from Strait of Malacca and Singapore (SOMAS). Based on a comparative analysis of ship emissions between 2019 to 2023, which represents different periods of the pandemic (pre-, peri- and post-pandemic), the relationship of ship activities and emissions are reassessed to validate with past studies. Methodologies for Estimating air pollutant Emissions from Transport (MEET) framework as recommended by European Union (EU) guidelines is used to process the AIS data for the computation of emission inventories. The results show downward trends at the beginning of pandemic and a retaliatory growth after relaxation from movement restrictions. From these assessments, the idea of improvising resilience of maritime activities in times of Black Swan events is further discussed.
The control mechanism of P-wave attenuation in unconsolidated porous media
Authors: Li Guangquan , Li Xiang , Liu Kui
Published: August 2024

Unconsolidated porous media are distinct from consolidated porous rocks in the negligible bulk and shear moduli. This paper is motivated by resolving the control mechanism of P-wave attenuation in the media (represented by Toyoura sands and glass beads) saturated with water. The first model is Biot theory in which longitudinal friction (arising from velocity difference between the two phases) is quantified using dynamic permeability as a function of frequency. The first model simulates phase velocity (Vp) and the ultrasonically measured quality factor (Qp) well. A second model is the transverse squirt model in which squirt is induced by pressure differential between contact of grains (COG) and the main pore space. The second model outputs unrealistic Vp and Qp. The results reveal that P-wave attenuation in unconsolidated porous media (saturated with water) is governed by longitudinal friction rather than intrapore squirt. Remarkably, low-frequency dynamic permeability is much smaller than Darcy permeability, indicating that ultrasonic P-wave is surprisingly capable of indirectly detecting the very narrow gap at COG.
The source and accumulation of anthropogenic carbon in the U.S. East Coast
Authors: Li Xinyu , Wu Zelun , Ouyang Zhangxian , Cai Wei-Jun
Published: August 2024

The ocean has absorbed anthropogenic carbon dioxide (C
anthro
) from the atmosphere and played an important role in mitigating global warming. However, how much C
anthro
is accumulated in coastal oceans and where it comes from have rarely been addressed with observational data. Here, we use a high-quality carbonate dataset (1996–2018) in the U.S. East Coast to address these questions. Our work shows that the offshore slope waters have the highest C
anthro
accumulation changes (ΔC
anthro
) consistent with water mass age and properties. From offshore to nearshore, ΔC
anthro
decreases with salinity to near zero in the subsurface, indicating no net increase in the export of C
anthro
from estuaries and wetlands. Excesses over the conservative mixing baseline also reveal an uptake of C
anthro
from the atmosphere within the shelf. Our analysis suggests that the continental shelf exports most of its absorbed C
anthro
from the atmosphere to the open ocean and acts as an essential pathway for global ocean C
anthro
storage and acidification.
IRF3 inhibits inflammatory signaling pathways in macrophages to prevent viral pathogenesis
Authors: Chakravarty Sukanya , Varghese Merina , Fan Shumin , Taylor Roger Travis , Chakravarti Ritu , Chattopadhyay Saurabh
Published: August 2024

Viral inflammation contributes to pathogenesis and mortality during respiratory virus infections. IRF3, a critical component of innate antiviral immune responses, interacts with pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB, and inhibits its activity. This mechanism helps suppress inflammatory gene expression in virus-infected cells and mice. We evaluated the cells responsible for IRF3-mediated suppression of viral inflammation using newly engineered conditional
Irf3
Δ/Δ
mice.
Irf3
Δ/Δ
mice, upon respiratory virus infection, showed increased susceptibility and mortality.
Irf3
deficiency caused enhanced inflammatory gene expression, lung inflammation, immunopathology, and damage, accompanied by increased infiltration of pro-inflammatory macrophages. Deletion of
Irf3
in macrophages (

Irf3
MKO

) displayed, similar to
Irf3
Δ/Δ
mice, increased inflammatory responses, macrophage infiltration, lung damage, and lethality, indicating that IRF3 in these cells suppressed lung inflammation. RNA-seq analyses revealed enhanced NF-κB–dependent gene expression along with activation of inflammatory signaling pathways in infected

Irf3
MKO

lungs. Targeted analyses revealed activated MAPK signaling in

Irf3
MKO

lungs. Therefore, IRF3 inhibited inflammatory signaling pathways in macrophages to prevent viral inflammation and pathogenesis.
B cells require DOCK8 to elicit and integrate T cell help when antigen is limiting
Authors: Deobagkar-Lele Mukta , Crawford Greg , Crockford Tanya L. , Back Jennifer , Hodgson Rose , Bhandari Aneesha , Bull Katherine R. , Cornall Richard J.
Published: August 2024

Dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) immunodeficiency syndrome is characterized by a failure of the germinal center response, a process involving the proliferation and positive selection of antigen-specific B cells. Here, we describe how DOCK8-deficient B cells are blocked at a light-zone checkpoint in the germinal centers of immunized mice, where they are unable to respond to T cell–dependent survival and selection signals and consequently differentiate into plasma cells or memory B cells. Although DOCK8-deficient B cells can acquire and present antigen to initiate activation of cognate T cells, integrin up-regulation, B cell–T cell conjugate formation, and costimulation are insufficient for sustained B cell and T cell activation when antigen availability is limited. Our findings provide an explanation for the failure of the humoral response in DOCK8 immunodeficiency syndrome and insight into how the level of available antigen modulates B cell–T cell cross-talk to fine-tune humoral immune responses and immunological memory.
Non-voluntary BCI explantation: assessing possible neurorights violations in light of contrasting mental ontologies
Authors: Cassinadri Guido , Ienca Marcello
Published: August 2024

In research involving patients with implantable brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), there is a regulatory gap concerning post-trial responsibilities and duties of sponsors and investigators towards implanted patients. In this article, we analyse the case of patient R, who underwent non-voluntary explantation of an implanted BCI, causing a discontinuation in her sense of agency and self. To clarify the post-trial duties and responsibilities involved in this case, we first define the ontological status of the BCI using both externalist (EXT) and internalist (INT) theories of cognition. We then give particular focus to the theories of extended and embedded cognition, hence considering the BCI either as a constitutive component of the patient’s mind or as a causal supporter of her brain-based cognitive capacities. We argue that patient R can legitimately be considered both as an embedded and extended cognitive agent. Then, we analyse whether the non-voluntary explantation violated patient R’s (neuro)rights to cognitive liberty, mental integrity, psychological continuity and mental privacy. We analyse whether and how different mental ontologies may imply morally relevant differences in interpreting these prima facie neurorights violations and the correlational duties of sponsors and investigators. We conclude that both mental ontologies support the identification of emerging neurorights of the patient and give rise to post-trial obligations of sponsors and investigators to provide for continuous technical maintenance of implanted BCIs that play a significant role in patients’ agency and sense of self. However, we suggest that externalist mental ontologies better capture patient R’s self-conception and support the identification of a more granular form of mental harm and associated neurorights violation, thus eliciting stricter post-trial obligations.
A comparative study of flavour-sensitive observables in hadronic Higgs decays
Authors: Aveleira Benjamin Campillo , Ridder Aude Gehrmann-De , Preuss Christian T.
Published: August 2024

Jet production from hadronic Higgs decays at future lepton colliders will have significantly different phenomenological implications than jet production via off-shell photon and Z-boson decays, owing to the fact that Higgs bosons decay to both pairs of quarks and gluons. We compute observables involving flavoured jets in hadronic Higgs decays to three partons at Born level including next-to-leading order corrections in QCD (i.e., up to $$\mathcal {O}(\alpha _\textrm{s}^2))$$

O
(

α
s
2

)
)

. The calculation is performed in the framework of an effective theory in which the Higgs boson couples directly to gluons and massless b-quarks retaining a non-vanishing Yukawa coupling. For the energy of the leading and subleading flavoured jet, the angular separation and the invariant mass of the leading b–$$\bar{b}$$

b

¯

pair, we contrast the results obtained in both Higgs-decay categories and using either of the infrared-safe flavoured jet algorithms flavour-$$k_{\textrm{T}}$$

k
T

and flavour-dressing.
Two‐Dimensional Lattice Complexity Features of Abdominal CT Images to Predict Patient Survival After Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yu , Jiang Xiaoqiong , Xu Shi , Ke Daguan , Wu Ruixia
Published: August 2024

To evaluate the effectiveness of certain complexity features extracted from CT images of the liver for predicting the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, either exclusively or in conjunction with specific diagnostic indicators, we gathered data from presurgery CT scans of 103 HCC patients with survival period either above (n = 65) or below (n = 38) 42 months after hepatectomy. The two‐dimensional Hilbert curve was used to maintain both local and global structural information to calculate the lattice complexity features. In addition, gray‐level co‐occurrence matrix features and local binary features were incorporated. These features were assessed for performance of support vector machine predictive models through the receiver operator characteristic curve and area under the curve. The top proficiency was achieved by the lattice complexity features resulting in models with an accuracy of 76.47% and an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.75. The study found that two‐dimensional lattice complexity features derived from CT images that covered the entire abdomen have the potential to predict survival patients with in hepatocellular carcinoma using support vector machine models.
Personal Values, Wishes, and Goals of Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: König Mara , Siegle Anja , Unsöld Laura , Ludwig Jan Ole , Deis Nicole , Thomas Michael , Poß-Doering Regina , Villalobos Matthias
Published: August 2024

Objective. Oncology and palliative care guidelines for patients with incurable cancer recommend supporting patients at the end of life (EOL) by considering their personal values, wishes, and goals to facilitate decision making in advance care planning and patient‐centered care. It is unclear, though, how to successfully address and integrate personal values in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to explore values, wishes, and goals from the perspective of patients with advanced lung cancer. Methods. Semistructured interviews were conducted with patients with advanced lung cancer and transcribed verbatim. The data were analysed using a structured content analysis. After identification of main categories, values were identified using Schwartz’s Theory of Basic Human Values as a theoretical framework. Results. Identified main categories were “the individual in medical care,” “living now,” and “coming to terms.” Values in the dimensions “conservation” and “openness to change” were described concerning patient‐physician interaction, therapy goals, preparedness for EOL, and life goals. “Self‐transcendence” values mainly related to caring for the burden on relatives. In general, patients showed reluctance in expressing information about personal values when communicating with physicians. Conclusion. Patients with advanced lung cancer engage in various ways to determine how they want and can influence their life and medical care. Different values and the associated wishes and goals play a crucial role in this context and should be taken into account by healthcare providers. The reluctance to express personal information in medical encounters underscores the need for a proactive attitude in physicians and improved interprofessional collaboration. The study was registered in the German register for clinical trials (DRKS00026993).
Table S6 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: August 2024

FIMO results summarizing Nr5a2 motif occurrences upstream of p53R172H target gene(s) promoters.
Table S5 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: August 2024

Summary of Hallmarks enriched in MaP-/- mammary tumors compared ompared to MaPR245W/- mammary tumors.
Table S2 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: August 2024

Summary of Hallmarks enriched in MaPR172H/- mammary tumors compared to MaP/- mammary tumors.
Table S1 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: August 2024

Sequences for primers used in real-time qRT-PCR studies.
Supplementary Fig. 2 from Tumor Vessel Normalization via PFKFB3 Inhibition Alleviates Hypoxia and Increases Tumor Necrosis in Rectal Cancer upon Radiotherapy
Authors: Edelmann Marcus , Fan Shuang , De Oliveira Tiago , Goldhardt Tina , Sartorius Dorothée , Midelashvili Teona , Conrads Karly , Paul Niels B. , Beißbarth Tim , Fleischer Johannes R. , Blume Moritz L. , Bohnenberger Hanibal , Josipovic Natasa , Papantonis Argyris , Linnebacher Michael , Dröge Leif H. , Ghadimi Michael , Rieken Stefan , Conradi Lena-Christin
Published: August 2024

Supplementary Fig. 2
Figure 6 from Tumor Vessel Normalization via PFKFB3 Inhibition Alleviates Hypoxia and Increases Tumor Necrosis in Rectal Cancer upon Radiotherapy
Authors: Edelmann Marcus , Fan Shuang , De Oliveira Tiago , Goldhardt Tina , Sartorius Dorothée , Midelashvili Teona , Conrads Karly , Paul Niels B. , Beißbarth Tim , Fleischer Johannes R. , Blume Moritz L. , Bohnenberger Hanibal , Josipovic Natasa , Papantonis Argyris , Linnebacher Michael , Dröge Leif H. , Ghadimi Michael , Rieken Stefan , Conradi Lena-Christin
Published: August 2024

In vivo 3PO administration in combination with radiotherapy induces TVN and alleviates hypoxia in RC. A, Representative images of CD31+αSMA+ co-stained sections of PDX tumors upon treatment with vehicle (comtrol), 3PO, RT, and 3PO + RT. Scale bars, 100 μm. B–D, Quantification of CD31+ αSMA+ area (%), vessel lumen size (µm2), and tumor vessel number in PDX tumors from control, 3PO, RT, and 3PO + RT-treated mice. Data are displayed as means SD. ∗, P < 0.05; ∗∗, P < 0.01; ∗∗∗, P < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗, P < 0.0001; one-way ANOVA. E, Representative images of hypoxic zones stained with pimonidazole (brown staining) from sections of PDX tumors upon treatment with vehicle (control), 3PO, RT, and 3PO + RT. Scale bars, 100 µm. F, Quantification of PIMO+ area (%) in PDX tumors from control, 3PO, RT, and 3PO + RT-treated mice. Data are displayed as means SD. ∗, P < 0.05; ∗∗∗, P < 0.001; one-way ANOVA. G, Representative micrographs of γH2AX-stained sections of PDX tumors from control, 3PO, RT, and 3PO + RT-treated mice. Scale bar, 20 μm. H, DNA damage levels were assessed using γH2AX staining, and treated PDX tumors were immunostained and quantified for γH2AX. Data are displayed as means SD. ∗∗∗∗, P < 0.0001; one-way ANOVA.
Figure 3 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: August 2024

Transcriptomes of MaPR172H/− and MaPR245W/− mice disrupt nonoverlapping cancer pathways. A, Heatmap showing hierarchical clustering of MaPR172H/− and MaP−/− mammary tumors using the Pearson distance and Ward linkage. Order of samples for MaPR172H/−: YZ17, YZ11, YZ4, YZ6, YZ10, YZ2, and YZ3. Order of samples for MaP−/−: JM663-T2, JM779-T2, JM836-T2, JM663-T1, JM833-T1, and JM833-T2. B, Pie chart representing significantly DEGs for MaPR172H/− mammary tumors compared with MaP−/− mammary tumors (DESeq2, significance criteria were FDR <5% and log2 fold change > 2). C, Enrichment plot for Wnt Beta Catenin signaling. D, Heatmap showing hierarchical clustering of MaPR245W/− and MaP−/− mammary tumors. Order of samples for MaPR245W/−: JM1233-T1, JM1126, JM1133, JM1564, and RM0014. Order of samples for MaP−/−: JM836-T2, JM663-T1, JM663-T2, JM779-T2, JM833-T1, and JM833-T2. E, Pie chart representing significantly DEGs for MaPR245W/− mammary tumors compared with MaP−/− mammary tumors. F, Representation of significantly enriched Hallmarks pathways as defined by gene set enrichment analysis. G, Enrichment plots for pathways involved in oxidative phosphorylation signaling, mTORC1 signaling (H), myogenesis signaling (I), Myc targets V1 (J), cholesterol homeostasis (K), peroxisome (L), epithelial–mesenchymal transition (M), Myc targets V2 (N), DNA repair (O), unfolded protein response (P), and glycolysis (Q) in MaPR245W/− compared with MaP−l− mammary tumors.
Figure 1 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: August 2024

Molecular characterization of mammary tumors from MaP mice. A, Incidence of primary mammary tumor formation across MaPR172H/− (n = 7), MaPR245W/− (n = 5), and MaP−/− (n = 6) mice. B, Tumor-free survival of mammary tumor-bearing mice. C, Histological subtypes across MaP mice (*Indicates four mice had two primary tumors). D, Histology of mammary tumors in MaP mice. Yellow scale bar, 100 µm. E, Breast cancer molecular subtypes defined by qPCR for Esr1 (Estrogen Receptor), Pgr (progesterone receptor), and Erbb2 (HER2).
A 26 GHz Rectenna based on a Solar Cell Antenna for IoT applications
Authors: BACCOUCH Chokri , Omar Saleh , Rhaimi Belagcem Chibani
Published: August 2024

The emergence of 5G technology holds significant promise for enhancing the intelligence of various IoT applications in our current digital era, spanning smart cities, smart buildings, smart agriculture, and smart healthcare. This technology has the potential to elevate the speed and responsiveness of wireless networks, thereby enhancing overall efficiencies. The utilization of 5G antennas is undoubtedly crucial in 5G communications, providing superior connectivity, data rates, low latency, minimal path loss, and a stable radiation pattern compared to preceding generations. This paper outlines the design of a 5G printed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) millimeter-wave antenna specifically tailored for the deployment of satellite-based sensor systems (SRSS) supporting IoT applications. The printed antenna is meticulously crafted and simulated at the 26GHz frequency bands. Evaluation of simulation results encompasses key performance indicators, including return losses, radiation patterns, gain, directivity, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). These indicators collectively demonstrate commendable performance aligning with the requirements of space communication via satellite sensor networks. Based on the performance results of the proposed and studied 5G antenna, in this work we describe an optimal and environmentally friendly solution to energy consumption issue, this is renewable energy harvesting technology (solar, electromagnetic) which can extend the life of these sensors. This vision gave birth to a conversion system called” Solar Rectenna”. Our contribution allows a drone's energy autonomy thus it ensures a combination of cellular and satellite networks allowing commercial drones to fly quickly and safely in urban areas.
Checklist and distribution of ladybirds (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) in Iranian provinces
Authors: BIRANVAND AMIR , FEKRAT LIDA , VĚTROVEC JAROSLAV , GHOBARI HAMED , HAMIDI ELNAZ , KHORMIZI MEHDI ZARE , AZADBAKHT NADER , NEDVĚD OLDŘICH , ROMASI FATEMEH , CERYNGIER PIOTR
Published: August 2024

Although checklists of the Iranian ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) have been made twice in recent years, they have a number of shortcomings. Moreover, since these checklist were published, several ladybird species have been added to the Iranian fauna and several previously reported have been excluded. We therefore compiled an updated checklist of Coccinellidae found in Iran and its individual provinces based on available literature and previously unpublished records. The unpublished data allowed the addition of one species, Hyperaspis guttulata Fairmaire, 1870, to the Iranian fauna. On the other hand, some species previously reported from Iran are unlikely to occur there due to their general distribution and lack of information on their introduction into the region. We found 14 such misreported species in the literature, mostly of the Nearctic and Neotropical origin. Our revised checklist contains 149 species, of which 19 have only generally been reported as occurring in Iran (without attribution to provinces). The ladybird fauna of the different Iranian provinces has been studied very unevenly, with the number of reported species ranging from 7 (Bushehr) to 59 (Fars).
Sustainable management of peanut damping-off and root rot diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani using environmentally friendly bio-formulations prepared from batch fermentation broth of chitinase-producing Streptomyces cellulosae
Authors: Abo-Zaid Gaber Attia , Darwish Mai H. , Ghozlan Hanan A. , Abdel-Gayed Muhammad A , Sabry Soraya A.
Published: August 2024

Background

Soil-borne plant diseases represent a severe problem that negatively impacts the production of food crops. Actinobacteria play a vital role in biocontrolling soil-borne fungi.

Aim and objectives

The target of the present study is to test the antagonistic activity of chitinase-producing Streptomyces cellulosae Actino 48 (accession number, MT573878) against Rhizoctonia solani. Subsequently, maximization of Actino 48 production using different fermentation processes in a stirred tank bioreactor. Finally, preparation of bio-friendly formulations prepared from the culture broth of Actino 48 using talc powder (TP) and bentonite in a natural as well as nano forms as carriers. Meanwhile, investigating their activities in reducing the damping-off and root rot diseases of peanut plants, infected by R. solani under greenhouse conditions.

Results

Actino 48 was found to be the most significant antagonistic isolate strain at p ≤ 0.05 and showed the highest inhibition percentage of fungal mycelium growth, which reached 97%. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) images analysis showed a large reduction in R. solani mycelia mass. Additionally, many aberrations changes and fungal hypha damages were found. Batch fermentation No. 2, which was performed using agitation speed of 200 rpm, achieved high chitinase activity of 0.1163 U mL− 1 min− 1 with a yield coefficient of 0.004 U mL− 1 min− 1 chitinase activity/g chitin. Nano-talc formulation of Actino 48 had more a significant effect compared to the other formulations in reducing percentages of damping-off and root rot diseases that equal to 19.05% and 4.76% with reduction percentages of 60% and 80%, respectively. The healthy survival percentage of peanut plants recorded 76.19%. Furthermore, the nano-talc formulation of Actino 48 was sufficient in increasing the dry weight of the peanut plants shoot, root systems, and the total number of peanut pods with increasing percentages of 47.62%, 55.62%, and 38.07%, respectively.

Conclusion

The bio-friendly formulations of actinobacteria resulting from this investigation may play an active role in managing soil-borne diseases.
Employment status and depressive symptoms in taiwanese older adults: an 11-year prospective cohort study
Authors: Shih Ping , Lin Ming-Yu , Guo Yue Leon
Published: August 2024

Background

Taiwan became an aged society in March 2018, and it is expected to become a super-aged society by 2025. The trend of increasing proportions of older adults continuing to work is inevitable. However, few studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of employment on the mental health of older adults. Therefore, we longitudinally explored the relationship between employment status and depressive symptoms in Taiwanese older adults.

Methods

The study included 5,131 individuals aged 50 and above, of which 55.6% were men, who had participated in the national-wide Taiwan Longitudinal Study of Aging in 1996, 1999, 2003, and 2007. Of them, 1,091 older adults had completed all four surveys. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression scale; the total score on this scale ranges from 0 to 30. Employment status was assessed during each survey wave. Logistic regression was performed using a cross-sectional design. The effects of unemployment on depressive symptoms were analyzed using a generalized estimating equation model with a repeated measures design.

Results

In each survey wave, employed older adults exhibited better mental health than did unemployed ones. After adjustments for potential confounders, unemployment was found to exert a significant adverse effect on depressive symptoms. The repeated measures analysis revealed that employment protected against depressive symptoms, as noted in the subsequent surveys conducted after 3 to 4 years (aOR [95% CI] = 0.679 [0.465–0.989]).

Conclusion

Employment may reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan.
Alterations in the diversity and composition of the fecal microbiota of domestic yaks (Bos grunniens) with pasture alteration-induced diarrhea
Authors: Luo Runbo , DanWu  , Luo Zhengzhong , Li Yupeng , Zhong Yanan , Li Kexin , Bai Zhanchun , Gongga  , Suolangsizhu
Published: August 2024

Diarrhea is a common issue in domestic yaks (Bos grunniens) that can occur with pasture alterations and significantly impacts growth performance. Previous research has examined the microbiota of diarrhetic yaks; however, the structural changes in gut bacterial community and microbial interactions in yaks with grassland alteration-induced diarrhea remain poorly understood. To explore variations in gut microbiota homeostasis among yaks suffering from diarrhea, fecal microbiota diversity and composition were analyzed using 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Gut fecal microbiota diversity was lower in diarrhetic yaks than in non-diarrhetic yaks. Furthermore, the bacterial community composition (including that of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria) in the feces of diarrhetic yaks displayed significant alterations. Co-occurrence network analysis further underscored the compromised intestinal flora stability in yaks with diarrhea relative to that in non-diarrhetic yaks. Interestingly, the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, were decreased in yaks with diarrhea, and the reductions were negatively correlated with the fecal water content. Collectively, these findings indicate that diminished microbial stability and increased abundance of certain bacteria in the gut may contribute to diarrhea occurrence in yaks.
Suppression of SENP3 enhances macrophage alternative activation by mediating IRF4 de-SUMOylation in ESCC progression
Authors: Zhang Shaoyuan , Gu Jianmin , Wang Wenhan , Sun Linyi , Jiang Tian , Yang Xinyu , Yin Jun , Lin Miao , Lin Dong , Wang Hao , Tan Lijie
Published: August 2024

Esophageal cancer is common worldwide, with ESCC being the most frequent tumor in East Asia. Tumor-associated macrophages are an important component of the ESCC microenvironment. SUMOylation is a post-translational modification of proteins, and SUMO-specific proteases (SENPs) play an important role in de-SUMOylation. In human patients, we discovered that the levels of SENP3 were upregulated in the tumor-associated macrophages. Furthermore, the loss of SENP3 enhanced the alternative activation of macrophages in the 4-NQO-induced ESCC mice model. This is the first study to identify SENP3-mediated macrophage polarization via the de-SUMOylation of interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) at the K349 site. Alternative activation of macrophages increases the migration and invasion potential of ESCC cells and promotes their progression in vivo. Moreover, patients with relatively low SENP3 expression in macrophages exhibit higher primary PET SUVmax value and lymph node metastasis rates. In summary, this study revealed that SENP3-mediated IRF4 de-SUMOylation is crucial for the alternative activation of macrophages and influences the progression of ESCC.

Graphical Abstract
The use of Dose Management Systems in Europe: Results of an ESR EuroSafe Imaging Questionnaire
Authors: Loose Reinhard , Vaño Eliseo , Ammon Josefin , Andersson Jonas , Brat Hugues , Brkljacic Boris , Caikovska Katrina , Corridori Riccardo , Damilakis John , De Bondt Timo , Frija Guy , Granata Claudio , Hoeschen Christoph , Kotter Elmar , Kralik Ivana , McNulty Jonathan , Paulo Graciano , Tsapaki Virginia ,   on behalf of the European Society of Radiology
Published: August 2024

Dose management systems (DMS) are an essential tool for quality assurance and optimising patient radiation exposure. For radiologists and medical physicists, they are important for managing many radiation protection tasks. In addition, they help fulfil the requirements of Directive 2013/59/EURATOM regarding the electronic transmission of dosimetric data and the detection of unintended patient exposures. The EuroSafe Imaging Clinical Dosimetry and Dose Management Working Group launched a questionnaire on the use of DMS in European member states and analysed the results in terms of modalities, frequency of radiological procedures, involvement of medical physics experts (MPEs), legal requirements, and local issues (support by information technology (IT), modality interfaces, protocol mapping, clinical workflow, and associated costs).

Critical relevance statement

Despite the great advantages of dose management systems for optimising radiation protection, distribution remains insufficient. This questionnaire shows that reasons include: a lack of DICOM interfaces, insufficient harmonisation of procedure names, lack of medical physicist and IT support, and costs.

Key Points

Quantitative radiation dose information is essential for justification and optimisation in medical imaging.

Guidelines are required to ensure radiation dose management systems quality and for acceptance testing.

Verifying dose data management is crucial before dose management systems clinical implementation.

Medical physics experts are professionals who have important responsibilities for the proper management of dose monitoring.

Graphical Abstract
Clinical Calculator for Predicting Freedom From Recurrence After Resection of Stage I-III Colon Cancer in Patients With Microsatellite Instability
Authors: Bektas Ayyuce Begum , Hakki Lynn , Khan Asama , Widmar Maria , Wei Iris H. , Pappou Emmanouil , Smith J. Joshua , Nash Garrett M. , Paty Philip B. , Garcia-Aguilar Julio , Cercek Andrea , Stadler Zsofia , Segal Neil H. , Shia Jinru , Gonen Mithat , Weiser Martin R.
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE

Outcome for patients with nonmetastatic, microsatellite instability (MSI) colon cancer is favorable: however, high-risk cohorts exist. This study was aimed at developing and validating a nomogram model to predict freedom from recurrence (FFR) for patients with resected MSI colon cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Data from patients who underwent curative resection of stage I, II, or III MSI colon cancer in 2014-2021 (model training cohort, 384 patients, 33 events; median follow-up, 38.8 months) were retrospectively collected from institutional databases. Variables associated with recurrence in multivariable analysis were selected for inclusion in the clinical calculator. The calculator's predictive accuracy was measured with the concordance index and validated using data from patients who underwent treatment for MSI colon cancer in 2007-2013 (validation cohort, 164 patients, eight events; median follow-up, 84.8 months).

RESULTS

T category and number of positive lymph nodes were significantly associated with recurrence in multivariable analysis and were selected for inclusion in the clinical calculator. The calculator's concordance index for FFR in the model training cohort was 0.812 (95% CI, 0.742 to 0.873), compared with 0.759 (95% CI, 0.683 to 0.840) for the staging schema of the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual. The concordance index for the validation cohort was 0.744 (95% CI, 0.666 to 0.822), confirming robust predictive accuracy.

CONCLUSION

Although in general patients with nonmetastatic MSI colon cancer had favorable outcome, patients with advanced T category and multiple metastatic lymph nodes had higher risk of recurrence. The clinical calculator identified patients with MSI colon cancer at high risk for recurrence, and this could inform surveillance strategies. In addition, the model could be used in trial design to identify patients suitable for novel adjuvant therapy.
The Unity of Marx’s Concept of Alienated Labor
Authors: Brixel Pascal
Published: August 2024

Marx says of alienated labor that it does not “belong” to the worker, that it issues in a product that does not belong to her, and that it is unfulfilling, unfree, egoistically motivated, and inhuman. He seems to think, moreover, that the first of these features grounds all the others. All of these features seem quite independent, however: they can come apart; they share no obvious common cause or explanation; and if they often occur together, this seems accidental. It is not clear, then, how Marx’s concept of alienated labor could possess the strong unity that he takes it to have. This article defends a reinterpretation of the concept that explains this unity. The various features of alienated labor, the article argues, all follow from a single, hitherto underappreciated feature of its formal motivational structure: the fact that such labor is motivated not by its product but by an incentive.