bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studying information security issues as a necessary element of modern education
Authors: Shutikova M. I. , Beshenkov S. A.
Published: November 2024

The article considers the problem of information security in the context of fundamental challenges of digital society and tasks of modern education. The main emphasis is on understanding the mechanisms of information threats and developing a strategy for protecting against these threats.

The following aspects of information security are considered: the phenomenon of Personal Identity Online and threats to the human personality emanating from social networks, gadgets, smartphones, etc.; social information technologies with a hidden purpose; artificial intelligence, its technological and ideological contexts. The methodology of analyzing information threats is based on identifying three key components of information: record, meaning, subject's attitude. This allows us to consider various phenomena of the information society from a common point of view. The issues of studying the basics of information and mental security within the framework of different academic subjects are discussed.
MANAGEMEN PEMERAHAN PADA KAMBING SANEN DI BALAI BESAR PEMBIBITAN TERNAK UNGGUL DAN HIJAUAN PAKAN TERNAK (BBPTU-HPT) BATURRADEN
Authors: Mauldiyanto Mauldiyanto , Nilamcaya Mus , Bastoni Bastoni , Yuliananda Devi
Published: November 2024

Manajemen pemeliharaan ayam broiler yang berkaitan dengan produktivitas terdiri dari tiga aspek yaitu feeding, breading dan managemen. Pakan (Feeding) adalah salah satu komponen yang sangat penting untuk keberhasilan, biaya pakan yang dikeluarkan sebesar 77% dari total biaya produksi. Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL) di CV.Alkea Naratas Farm berlangsung selama satu bulan, mulai dari 8 Agustus 2022 hingga 8 September 2022. Kegiatan PKL mencakup manajemen pakan terdiri dari jenis pakan yang diberikan, umur ayam broiler, FCR, IP. Kapasitan awal pemeliharaan DOC sebesar 45.000 ekor per kandang menggunakan jenis DOC Strain Lohman (MB 202) dari PT.Japfa Comfeed Indonesia hasil panen akhir sebesar 43.375 ekor dalam satu periode , maka ayam afkir sebesar 3,61% dengan FCR = 1,45 dan IP = 400. Karena kandang close house sendiri suatu kandang yang sudah modern dan sudah menggunakan teknologi untuk membantu pemeliharaan, dan kemanan dan kenyamanan dalam kandang close house lebih baik, selain itu manajemen pemeliharaan juga harus memperhatikan pakan, kesehatan, dan juga kenyamanan dan kesejahteraan pada hewan ternak. Supaya hasil dari pemeliharaan bisa maksimal.
Suç Korkusu Üzerine Yapılan Çalışmaların Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: Gülver Özge
Published: November 2024

Suç korkusu, toplumlar için suç olgusunun kendisi kadar önemli problemlerden bir tanesidir. Bireylerin gündelik yaşam pratiklerini suç mağduru olma ihtimallerini dikkate alarak planlamalarına, kısıtlamalarına da yol açması bağlamında suç korkusunun nedenlerinin ve yansımalarının irdelenmesi önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, akademik literatürün en önemli kaynaklarından biri olan Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanı ve alan yazında yer alan çalışmalar için haritalar oluşturan, bibliyometrik görseller sunan VOSviewer yazılımı kullanılarak, suç korkusu üzerine yapılan çalışmalara ilişkin bibliyometrik analiz sunmaktadır. Suç olgusu, tamamen önlenebilmesi mümkün olmayan bir problemdir. Suçların yöntemler ve çeşitlilik bakımından artış da gösteriyor olması nedeniyle, suçun bir yansıması olarak suç korkusuyla ilgili araştırmaların da devamlılığı önemini koruyacaktır. Çalışma kapsamında, suç korkusu ile ilgili araştırmalar, yıllara, ülkelere, en çok atıf alan yazarlara ve araştırmalara, en sık kullanılan anahtar sözcüklere ve yazarların hangi disiplinlerde araştırma yaptıklarına göre analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, suç korkusu ile ilgili araştırmaların özellikle 2019, 2020, 2021 yıllarında daha fazla yapıldığını; bölge olarak Amerika Birleşik Devletleri bünyesinde daha fazla araştırmanın olduğunu; birden fazla yazarı olan araştırmaların daha fazla atıf aldığını; suç korkusu (fear of crime), suç (crime), mağduriyet (victimization) gibi anahtar sözcüklerin daha fazla tekrar ettiğini; disiplinlere göre ise araştırmaların en çok kriminoloji/penoloji, psikoloji ve sosyoloji çatısı altında yer aldıklarını göstermektedir. İlgili analizlerin, suç korkusu ile ilgili araştırma yapacak olanlara katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Pengaruh Fasilitas dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan di Cinnamon Hotel Butique Syariah Bandung
Authors: Sukriadi Erie Hidayat , Mulyani Ade Nisya
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine the Influence of Facilities and Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at Cinnamon Hotel Boutique Syariah Bandung, this study was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents. The research method uses a quantitative method using multiple linear regression tests, with questionnaire data collection techniques, observation and literature studies. where the independent variables are facilities and service quality, and the dependent variable is customer satisfaction. data processing using SPSS software. The results showed that the facility variable had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, while the service quality variable had a significant and positive effect on customer satisfaction. simultaneously (simultaneously) had a positive and significant effect. The coefficient of determination or R² value was (76.8%), and the rest (23.2%) was influenced by other variables outside this study.
ІСТОРИКО-ГЕНЕЗИСНИЙ АСПЕКТ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ В ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІЙ СФЕРІ УКРАЇНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ПРОБЛЕМ ТА ЗАСАД ФОРМУВАННЯ СУЧАСНОЇ МОДЕЛІ ТАКОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ
Authors: Колєчкін Валентин
Published: November 2024

Анотація. Серед достатньо широкої бази теоретичного наукового розгляду проблем державного управління в сучасній інформаційній сфері варто відмітити й ті праці, автори яких майже однозначно стверджують, що цілісної моделі такого управління, мовляв, взагалі бракує: є політичні, правові, певні організаційні засади (наявність певних державних, громадських та інших структур), але чітко сформульованої та дієвої моделі – бракує. Історико-генезисний аспект державного управління в інформаційній сфері нас цікавить з огляду на наступне: а) історична практика управління інформацією загалом, з огляду на її велике суспільне значення; б) формування державно-національних моделей управління в цій сфері, досвід якого, з поєднанням сучасного, найперше європейського досвіду, може бути використаний для формування більш досконалої сучасної моделі управління в інформаційній сфері. Зрозуміло, що окремо виділяються базові політичні, економічні, правові, організаційні та іншого характеру проблеми, які, при цьому належить розв’язати в Україні, аби система (модель) управління в інформаційній сфері була більш досконалою та ефективною.
СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ОЦІНКИ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА НАПРЯМИ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСІВ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ
Authors: Руснак Олексій Анатолійович
Published: November 2024

Анотація. Мета роботи полягає у дослідженні основних методик оцінки ефективності та результативності публічного управління в Україні з метою актуалізації стратегічних напрямків управління державою. Методологія дослідження включає аналіз сучасних наукових публікацій та концепцій, таких як «GOOD GOVERNANCE», а також методики оцінки ефективності, такі як цільовий метод і метод «держава – сервіс». Для підтримки дослідження були використані дані з міжнародних досліджень та публікацій відомих вчених з України і світу. У статті розглянуті основні міжнародні критерії оцінки ефективності публічного управління, такі як Індекс сприйняття корупції Transparency International, Індекс конкурентоспроможності (The Global Competitiveness Index), SIGMA (Support for Improvement in Governance and Management), GPP (Government Performance Project) тощо. Наукова новизна роботи полягає в комплексному підході до оцінки ефективності публічного управління через призму розглянутих методологій. Дослідження показало, що кожна методика (цільова та за критеріями) має свої переваги та недоліки в контексті оцінки ефективності публічного управління. Також розглянуто роль та вплив електронного урядування на підвищення ефективності державного управління. Висновки. На основі отриманих результатів можна зробити висновок про необхідність впровадження комплексної системи оцінки ефективності публічного управління в Україні, яка враховує сучасні тенденції в управлінській практиці та міжнародний досвід. Результати дослідження можуть бути корисними для формулювання стратегій управління на державному рівні з метою досягнення сталого розвитку та підвищення якості життя громадян.
IMPACT OF CYP2D6 POLYMORPHISMS IN PREDUCTING OCCURRENCE OF ADVERSE EFFECT TO TAMOXIFEN AND DEVELOPING RECCURENCE IN ER+ BREAST CANCER PATIENETS:
Authors: Boucenna Amira , Hirech Ahmed , Larbi Rezgoune Mohamed , Satta Dalila
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Breast cancer is a major public health in Algeria. Tamoxifen has been approved in the treatment of ER+ breast cancer. Some of negative side effects of tamoxifen are frequently a reason for discontinuation of therapy during treatment, which would otherwise be potentially lifesaving. In the current study, we assessed the association between CYP2D6 polymorphisms and tamoxifen efficacy in Algerian population receiving tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy in ER+ breast cancer.
Methods: A total of 76 Algerian hormone receptor-positive premenopausal breast cancer patients with adjuvant tamoxifen treatment were investigated (45.36±6.13). DNA genotyping was performed by TaqMan Open Array technology. Tamoxifen and its metabolites levels were measured by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) followed by electro spray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
Results: A significant association between the presence of deficit copy of enzyme activity and development of adverse effect after the commencement of tamoxifen therapy. Low plasma endoxifen were observed in patients categorized as (NM/PM), (IM/ IM), (IM/PM) and (PM/PM). Patients with increased plasma endoxifen concentrations were significantly more likely than patients with reduced or null activity to not report recurrences (P<0.05). We realized that the combination genotypes NM/PM, IM/IM, IM/PM, with PM/PM were more strongly associated with disease recurrence and adverse effects than NM carries of CYP2D6*1 allele (P<0.05).
 
Conclusion: Our results affirm that CYP2D6 polymorphism should be considered in predicting the occurrence of adverse effect fatty liver in women treated with tamoxifen. Thus, alternative treatment can be intended and lifestyle modifications can be implemented
SAN FRANCISCO PEACE TREATY IN THE LIGHT OF JAPANESE-CHINESE RELATIONS
Authors: Abesadze Guram
Published: November 2024

The following article is devoted to the analysis of the San Francisco Peace Treaty of 1951 in the light of Sino-Japanese relations and those unresolved problems that originate in the ‘Time of Troubles’. According to this system, the states of East Asia and the Pacific region live to this day. Japan and China are the main players in East Asia and have a great influence on the international situation as a whole. The absence of the PRC, and the government of Chiang Kai-shek, at the conference in San Francisco gives rise to Beijing's desire to revise the results of the Second World War on the status of Taiwan and the Senkaku Islands. China's economic growth rate has averaged 10% per year since (1990), a clear indication that China will not be satisfied with the ‘modest role’ it was given in the region after World War II. China's demographic resource (1.5 billion people) and strong economic growth are the prerequisites that should ensure “the peaceful rise of China, the acquisition of the status of a world power without resorting to military instruments.”
THE POLITICAL RELATIONSHIP OF THE GEORGIAN KINGS WITH THE RULERS OF THE SHAKI KHANATE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 18TH CENTURY
Authors: Demetrashvili Kakhaber
Published: November 2024

In the middle of the 18th century, there were struggles for hegemony among the khans of the South-Eastern Caucasus. As expected, the kings of Kartli and Kakheti got also actively involved in these conflicts. All this was caused by the chaos and disorder that began after the murder of Nader Shah (the night of June 19-20, 1747) in his empire. In Iran, fierce battles were going on between the seekers of the royal throne for the first place. In the South Caucasus were formed independent and semi-independent political entities. So, in order to expand their dominions, the rulers of the provinces and khanates of Iran took advantage of the extremely difficult situation in the state and started violent actions. The battles between them took place directly at the borders of Georgia, and naturally, the kings of Kartli and Kakheti could not remain in the role of observers. They soon got involved in the hostilities and battles. Among these battles, in the mentioned period, military confrontations of King Teimuraz II (King of Kakheti in 1733-1744; King of Kartli in 1744-1762) and King Erekle II (King of Kakheti in 1744-1762; King of Kartli-Kakheti in 1762-1798) with the rulers of the Shaki Khanate: Haji-Chelebi Khan (1743-1746; 1747-1755) and his son, Agha-Kishi Khan (1755-1759) occupy quite outstanding place.
Behavioral flexibility is related to exploration and persistence, but not boldness or motor diversity
Authors: McCune Kelsey , Lukas Dieter , MacPherson Maggie , Logan Corina
Published: November 2024

Behavioral flexibility, the ability to change behavior when circumstances change based on learning from previous experience, is thought to play an important role in a species' ability to successfully adapt to new environments and expand its geographic range. However, behavioral flexibility is rarely directly tested at the individual level. This limits our ability to determine how it relates to other traits, such as exploration or persistence, that might also influence individual responses to novel circumstances. Without this information, we lack the power to predict which traits facilitate a species' ability to adapt behavior to new environments. We use great-tailed grackles (a bird species; hereafter “grackles”) as a model to investigate this question because they have rapidly expanded their range into North America over the past 140 years. We evaluated whether grackle behavioral flexibility (measured as color reversal learning) correlated with individual differences in the exploration of new environments and novel objects, boldness towards known and novel threats, as well as persistence and motor diversity in accessing a novel food source. We determined that exploration of a novel environment across two time points and persistence when interacting with several different novel apparatuses was repeatable in individual grackles. There was a significant positive relationship between persistence and the two components of flexibility - the rate of learning to prefer a color option in the reversal learning task, and the rate of deviating from a preferred option. Furthermore, grackles that underwent serial reversal learning to experimentally increase behavioral flexibility were more exploratory in that they spent more time in close proximity to the novel environment relative to control individuals. This indicates that, the more an individual investigated or interacted with a novel apparatus, the more it was able to potentially learn and update its knowledge of current reward contingencies to adapt behavior accordingly. Our findings improve our understanding of the traits that are linked with flexibility in a highly adaptable species. We highlight the importance of using multiple different methods for measuring boldness and exploration to evaluate consistency of performance and therefore the methodological validity. We also show the importance of persistence as a factor in adapting to novel environmental changes.
Evolutionarily Optimal Phage Life-History Traits
Authors: Roughgarden Joan
Published: November 2024

Optimal phage life-history traits are computed from data on phenotypic tradeoffs presented in De Paepe and Tadei (2006). A parameter is introduced, l_e, that describes the loss of virions in the environment. Hygienic interventions increase l_e. The optimal burst size decreases with l_e and the optimal capsid thickness increases with l_e. The optimal viral fitness also decreases with l_e. An intervention that progressively lowers the transmission of phage in the environment will progressively cause the evolution of decreased burst size and increased capsid thickness until a point at which the virus either goes extinct, if virulent, or is driven to lysogenize, if temperate.
Geological Structures in The Formation of The Kendal Plains: Insights from Remote Sensing Imagery
Authors: Jamal Jamal , Indra Sanjaya  , Dian Hari Saputro  , Aji Suteja
Published: November 2024

Kendal Area in Central Java experiences rapid regional geology development. A wide flat area extending towards the Pantura, approximately 40 km wide and 20 km long, is influenced by the Bodri River. The Kendal basin formation is driven by Java’s regional compression tectonics. Major faults show the east-west direction as thrust faults and northeast-southwest direction as strike slip faults correspond to Java’s Regional Structures. Active and passive satellite imagery reveals geomorphic features such as deltas, coastal deposits, paleochannels, break slopes as faults zone, and topographic offsets of the area. The drainage pattern varies with deposit types: distributary channels in the north, meandering channels in the middle, and tributary channels in the south. Fusion image of Landsat 8 and National Digital Elevation Model (DEMNAS) produced by Badan Informasi Geospasial Indonesia (BIG) highlight distinct topographical boundaries and slopes. Residual gravity data shows subsurface contrasts, indicating dominant directions related to surface faults. Other supporting data used include magnetic anomaly imagery processed using the Reduce to Pole (RTP) method which are used to position the source of magnetic anomalies directly above their actual subsurface location. The RTP results enable more accurate interpretation of the distribution and depth of subsurface magnetic sources. The magnetic RTP model aligns with imagery, exhibiting east-west, northeast-southwest, and northwest-southeast trends. This structural interpretation is substantiated by field validation, with evidence of fault cliffs, lithologic offset, fault planes, mylonitization, and fault breccias corroborating the findings.
Keywords: Bodri River, gravity, Kendal, landsat 8, Java’s regional structures, magnetic anomaly.
Influence of saponin tauroside Sx1 on lifespan and expression of vitamin D receptors in the liver tissue of mice with influenza infection
Authors: Sataieva T. P. , Maligina V. Yu. , Makalish T. P. , Kriventsov M. A. , Gurtovaya A. K.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Respiratory infections, including influenza, are often accompanied by hepatitis in humans which pathogenesis is not fully understood. According to the available datan D deficiency is presumably a risk factor in the occurrence of acute respiratory viral infections due to its modulation of immune response. Recent studies indicate that several plant compounds can interact with vitamin D receptors (VDRs) and modulate the activity of VDRs. The biologically active components saponins have found widespread use in clinical practice due to their wide range of biological and pharmacological effects which mechanisms are still largely unclear.

Aim. To study the effect of oral administration of saponin tauroside Sx1, obtained from Crimean ivy, on life expectancy and activation of vitamin D receptors in the liver of mice during experimental viral infection of varying severity.

Materials and methods. The 11 subgroups were formed from male BALB/c mice, were used in the experiment depending on the infectious dose of influenza virus, 5 LD50 virus or 10 LD50 virus, respectively, including control. Saponin tauroside Sx1 was used as a corrector. Immunohistochemical studies were carried out automatically in a BOND-MAX immunohistainer (Leica, Germany). Primary rabbit polyclonal antibodies to the vitamin D receptor were used.

Results and discussion. Due to the administration of tauroside Sx1 at a dose of 200 μg/mouse/day increases the average life expectancy of animals receiving saponin by 4.6 days. Reducing the infectious dose of IV from 10 LD50 to 5 LD50 also changed the onset of death of animals by 2 days in both groups. With different infectious doses of the virus, on the 10th day of the experiment in the subgroups, the expression of vitamin D receptors changes without correction. In subgroup 2V, the number of total positive cells was lower than the control group. Moreover, in the 2Vir subgroup, VDR expression was significantly higher than the control group.

Conclusion. The saponin tauroside Sx1 at a dose of 200 µg/mouse/day has a fairly pronounced antiviral effect during experimental infection of mice with the influenza A/H1N1 virus, which is manifested by an increase in the average life expectancy of animals (for 4.6 days) and a decrease in the mortality rate during severe influenza infection, compared with the control group, where 100 % mortality was observed by the 14th day of the experiment. The introduction of saponin on the 4th day of the experiment in all subgroups reduces the total number of immune cells that intensively express VDR.
The Value of Heroicity in The Folk Sianak Gold Tales of Radin Jambat by Yuliadi M.R. d
Authors: Ningsih Iraliya , Sumarti Sumarti , Suyanto Edi , Samhati Siti , Munaris Munaris
Published: November 2024

Heroic values can be used as an example for humans reflected in the characters contained in folklore. Overall, the heroic value in the story has a strong appeal and provides many benefits for the reader or audience. This study aims to describe the heroic value contained in the folklore of The Golden Child of Radin Jambat by Yuliadi M.R. using media technology The data in this study are in the form of quotations or conversations obtained from the folklore of The Golden Child of Radin Jambat by Yuliadi M.R. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The results showed the existence of heroic values in the folklore of The Golden Child of Radin Jambat by Yuliadi M.R in the form of courage, loyalty, and self-sacrifice
The Effects of Independent Non-Executive Directors (INED) on Company Performance – A Comparison of Family and Non- Family-Controlled Business
Authors: Li Kevin Chi Keung , Ming Agol Ho Wai
Published: November 2024

This study will examine the influence of and relationship between independent non-executive directors (INEDs) and the performance of family -and non-family -controlled businesses listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (SEHK). It is well known and reported that family-managed businesses dominate different industrial sectors around the world and that one third of the companies listed in the Standard and Poor 500 Index in the US are managed by families, who are also the companies’ major shareholders. Many previous studies argue that INEDs can improve corporate governance and firm performance. It is worthwhile to study whether the increase in the number of INEDs will affect the behaviour of major shareholders and the performance of these family-managed firms or not.
The study aims to help policymakers/regulators determine whether further revision of the current INED policy is necessary. The results can be further investigated and applied to other emerging markets/regions worldwide with family-controlled enterprises.
Navigating Barriers to Success for Community College Science Students: A Review of Transfer Challenges
Authors: Chindia Benard , Li Ruopu , Duram Leslie A. , Schoof Justin T. , Henson Harvey , Williams Wendell
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the challenges community college students encounter when transferring to four-year higher-education institutions, focusing on the gap between their transfer aspirations and actual success. Despite the availability of substantial financial aid in higher education, transfer students continue to face numerous challenges that impede their integration and success at new institutions. These obstacles arise from a combination of institutional factors and individual student characteristics. Utilizing Pascarella’s model, this study underscores the importance of support programs in raising institutional awareness of the diverse challenges transfer students face and the necessity for tailored strategies to facilitate their successful transition and retention.
"Gobak Sodor", Indonesian Traditional Game to Improve Agility of Children with Disabilities
Authors: Royana Ibnu Fatkhu , Kresnapati Pandu , Setyawan Danang Aji , Wibisana Muh Isna Nurdin , Kurnaz Mert
Published: November 2024

The traditional game of gobak sodor is a small game whose rules can be simplified according to the conditions of the players. Agility is very important for students with disabilities as it improves their physical abilities and social interactions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of traditional gobak sodor games on improving the agility of students with disabilities. This research adopts a quantitative with experimental methods. The experimental design applied in this research is PreExperimental Design with one group pretest-posttest model. The intervention was conducted 16 times within 2 months. The samples of this study were 20 students with intellectual disabilities from grades 4, 5, and 6 of State Special School (SLB). The measuring instrument used to collect data in this study is an agility test, which is measured by a 4 x 10 metre alternating running test (Shuttle run) for students with disabilities. The data obtained were statistically analysed using the t-test formula. Based on the calculation of the t-test that has been carried out, it is obtained that Tscore is worth 2.239173 and Ttable is worth 1.832937. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of "Gobak Sodor", a traditional Indonesian game to improve the agility of children with disabilities State Special School (SLB) of Wiradesa, Pekalongan Regency. Based on the results of the study between the pretest and posttest, there was an increase in the agility test results of students with disabilities at the State Special School (SLB) of Wiradesa.
Henrik Gabriel Porthan 2020-luvulla
Authors: Sarjala Jukka
Published: November 2024

Kuninkaallisen Turun akatemian professori, kanslianeuvos Henrik Gabriel Porthan (1739–1804) oli ”mies vailla komplekseja”, toteaa Rafael Koskimies teoksessaan Porthanin aika vuodelta 1956. Arvio on osuva. Porthan tunnetaan hiukan kuivakkaana oppineena ja empiirisesti asennoituneena humanistina, joka oli käytökseltään nuhteeton ja vaatimaton. On kaiken kaikkiaan vaikea kuvitella, että hänen elämänsä tarjoaisi skandaalinkäryisiä yksityiskohtia tai jännittävän dramaattisia käänteitä. Niinpä hän on jäänyt akateemisen maailman klassikoksi, jonka tuotantoa ja toimintaa tutkitaan lähinnä tieteenhistoriassa, olkoonkin että hänen nimensä esiintyy koulu- ja oppikirjoissa. Tämä essee valottaa hänen henkilökuvansa eri puolia, minkä ohella pohdin, mitä kiinnostavaa hänestä voisi löytyä omalle ajallemme.
Epidemiological cut-off values for Vibrio parahaemolyticus calculated from minimal inhibitory concentration data generated at 35 and 28°C
Authors: Smith P , Joseph A , Baker-Austin C , Kang N , Baron S , Le Devendec L , Jouy E , Chisnall T , Davies AR , Schwarz S , Feßler AT , Ahrens T , Jahnen J , Alter T , Fleischmann S , Hammerl JA , Jäckel C , Gieseker CM , Crosby TC , Kittel EC , Miller RA , Alexander T , Carranza K , Burbick CB , Ching B , Soh JH , Chng YR , Wong WK , Fernandez CJ , Chang SF , Verner-Jeffreys D , Powell A
Published: November 2024

This work was performed to generate the data needed to set epidemiological cut-off values for minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 10 antimicrobial agents against Vibrio parahaemolyticus determined using standardised broth microdilution protocols. Eight laboratories performed broth microdilution tests with incubation at 35°C for 16 to 20 h, and 7 also performed tests on the same isolates with incubation at 28°C for 24 to 28 h. Data were analysed by the ECOFFinder and normalised resistance interpretation algorithms. The cut-off values calculated for ceftazidime, florfenicol and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 1, 1 and 0.25/4.75 µg ml-1, respectively, were the same when calculated from data obtained at both temperatures. The cut-off values calculated from data obtained at 35°C and from data obtained at 28°C were 0.25 and 0.5 µg ml-1 for enrofloxacin, 2 and 4 µg ml-1 for gentamicin, 0.5 and 1 µg ml-1 for oxolinic acid and 2 and 1 µg ml-1 for oxytetracycline, respectively. The influence of incubation temperature on MIC values was investigated by comparing MICs obtained at 35 and 28°C for a specific antimicrobial agent with a particular isolate by an individual laboratory. Results showed that 56% of 1473 of these paired MIC values were identical, while 38% differed from one another by not more than 1 dilution step. The data generated in this work will be submitted to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute for consideration in their setting of internationally agreed epidemiological cut-off values for V. parahaemolyticus that are essential for interpreting antimicrobial susceptibility testing data of this species.
Understanding organism-habitat relationships and critically evaluating reference areas is key to marine protected area assessment
Authors: Jainese C , Carlson PM , Seeto K , McNeill L , Sivertson K , Caselle JE
Published: November 2024

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are specified ocean areas designated by management agencies in which extractive human activities (i.e. fishing) are either prohibited (‘no-take’) or limited in some way. MPAs have been implemented globally as a conservation tool to improve the health and function of marine ecosystems. Research has focused on assessing MPA effectiveness; however, certain habitats and communities are often avoided because they are difficult or expensive to monitor. Mesophotic (30-100 m) rocky reef fish communities are valuable commercial and recreational resources that are highly targeted but often overlooked in monitoring due to depth-restricted sampling. We used 2 MPAs in the statewide protection network of California (USA) that prohibit fishing for these species, along with paired reference sites, to test how protection status along with environmental conditions influenced the abundance and biomass of 3 highly targeted species groups with varying life histories and habitat preferences. Depth and habitat were strong predictors for all groups: ocean whitefish Caulolatilus princeps, California sheephead Semicossyphus pulcher, and targeted rockfish (Sebastes spp.). However, the pattern of these effects differed between the species groups, and the influence of protection was mixed. This work highlights how species with high habitat affinities benefit differently from protection, as a function of depth and habitat representation within the MPA/reference pair. To accurately evaluate MPAs, and the network as a whole, researchers must recognize organism-habitat relationships and incorporate them when assessing conservation efforts.
Eurytemora unmasked: trophic role of a cryptic copepod complex in larval rainbow smelt
Authors: Avila L , Martinez-Silva M , Sirois P , Winkler G
Published: November 2024

Rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax uses the maximum turbidity zone (MTZ) of the St. Lawrence Estuary as a nursery area, with its prey field dominated by the calanoid copepod complex Eurytemora affinis. This cryptic species complex is a vital link between primary production and higher trophic levels, serving as crucial prey for fish larvae. We evaluated the contribution of the North Atlantic clade (NAC) of E. affinis and the Atlantic clade (now described as E. carolleeae) to the diet of early stages of rainbow smelt across MTZ habitats. In summer 2021, 4 surveys revealed a heterogeneous distribution of smelt and its copepod prey, with highest mean abundances found in the oligohaline habitat compared to the limnetic and mesohaline habitats. Ontogenetic diet shifts were observed; the E. affinis complex was the predominant prey in June and July, while the mysid Neomysis americana increased in importance in August. Using a newly developed qPCR assay, we revealed that E. affinis NAC was the predominant prey, with 72% of stomachs containing only this Eurytemora species; thus, E. carolleeae played a minor role in energy transfer. Similarly, E. affinis NAC dominated in the environment, indicating that rainbow smelt larvae exploit the most abundant resource available. This study highlights the critical role of E. affinis NAC in sustaining energy transfer pathways towards larval rainbow smelt for 1 yr; however, interannual variation within the cryptic complex in the MTZ should be further assessed.
INVOLVEMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE
Authors:   Bachelors of Engineering, Dept of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, SIES Graduate School of Technology, University of Mumbai., Dhananjay Mankar Vedant
Published: November 2024

With the coming of the digital age, there is a compelling need to integrate Artificial intelligence (AI) with healthcare and other aspects of social development which will improve well-being and the quality of life of the population. Availability to the average users, rather than only rich organizations, will help revolutionize healthcare in a more rapid manner. AI technologies are largely developed by high income countries, whereas their use in low-income countries is urgent. AI is thus needed to make a transformation in overall health systems and not to be seen as only a technological solution to solve any one health problem. With innovative and sustainable development of AI in the health sector, we can come close to achieving reliable and quality universal health care for all.
‘From the Land before Birth’: Harry Clifton’s Gone Self Storm
Authors: Keatinge Benjamin
Published: November 2024

Harry Clifton’s family connection to Chile on his mother’s side is well known, not least through poems like ‘A Gulf Stream Ode’ from his award-winning collection Secular Eden (2007) and ‘The Rain Shadow’ and ‘Mother Tongue’ from The Winter Sleep of Captain Lemass (2012). However, in Gone Self Storm (2023), Clifton searches more extensively for what he has called his ‘lost origins’. This essay seeks to interpret that ante-natal quest and elucidates Clifton’s geographical imagination in drawing together Latin America and Ireland in a ‘Gulf Stream of energy, tragic knowledge’. The elegies for his mother are read in terms of the parched emotional climate of mid-century Ireland alongside the ‘waterless deserts’ of northern Chile. The essay further explores the valedictory timbre of Clifton’s latest poems suggesting that the Keatsian motif of ‘gone self storms’ is part of Clifton’s endeavour to distil the essence of his and his contemporaries’ lives.
Small bowel obstruction caused by rare intraluminal hematoma secondary to gastric bypass: a case report
Authors: Aliyev Shamil , Seyit Hakan , Dolğun İlke
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction: With the increase in obesity and therefore obesity surgery in the world, there is also an increase in surgery-related complications. Mechanical small bowel obstruction after gastric bypass is a common complication and the most common causes of obstruction are kinking or stenosis of the entero-enterostomy, internal herniation, adhesions, external compression on the transverse mesocolon, incarceration of an abdominal wall hernia, or intussusception. One of these complications is intraluminal hematoma, which, although rare, has dangerous consequences that can even lead to mortality. Since it is a life-threatening complication, early diagnosis and emergency intervention are important.
Case report: In this case report, we wanted to emphasize the early effectiveness of radiology and surgery in the diagnosis and treatment processes of a patient with intraluminal hematoma after laparoscopic roux-NY gastric bypass.
Conclusion: . The most common location of intraluminal hematoma is the jejunojejunal anastomosis area. Symptoms may occur earlier (at the 12th postoperative hour). Whole-abdominal MDCT remains the main method of diagnosing intestinal obstruction, including small bowel obstruction resulting from intraluminal hematoma.
Metode Kurva Batasan Energi Untuk Evaluasi Resiko Arc-flash Pada Sistem PLTU
Authors: Wiharya Chandra , Priya Surya Harijanto  , Farrasdito Aulia Rizky
Published: November 2024

In an effort to determine the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) required to protect against arc-flash hazards based on IEEE Std. 1584-2002, a simplified analysis technique was used with the energy limit curve method. The problem addressed was the potential inaccuracies in determining the required PPE level and maximum flash-protection distance when the traditional method does not precisely calculate the incident energy level and flash-protection limit. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a method that could be applied to various types of overcurrent protective devices in electrical systems, thus simplifying the arc-flash analysis. The method involved using the energy limit curve, which allows for quicker determination of the necessary PPE by plotting relay/fuse curves into the energy limit curve. This approach was implemented and tested at PLTU Paiton Unit 7 (PT. POMI). Important findings indicated that the energy limit curve method significantly reduced the time required to determine the appropriate PPE category compared to the IEEE 1584-2002 standard. The results showed that the process of determining the PPE category was more efficient, with fewer data requirements and shorter calculation times. The implications of this research suggest that the energy limit curve method can simplify arc-flash calculations for large industries with numerous buses, enhancing the overall safety protocols by providing a faster and potentially more accurate means of assessing arc-flash hazards and PPE requirements.
Evaluasi Metode Health Index Untuk Menentukan Prioritas Pemeliharaan Gardu Distribusi
Authors: Galuh Prawestri Citra Handani  , Rahman Azis Prasojo  , Muhammad Fahmi Hakim  , Muhammad Ridlo Zainal  , Imron Ridzki  , Bustani Hadi Wijaya
Published: November 2024

Electricity is an essential energy source that plays a crucial role in human life. A key component of power distribution systems is the distribution substation. As distribution substations are in operation over time, their components experience aging, which can result in operational failures. This situation emphasizes the necessity for regular evaluations and diagnostics of distribution substations. Such assessments are crucial for identifying when equipment requires repair or replacement, ensuring that the system operates at maximum efficiency. By implementing a proactive maintenance strategy, utilities can mitigate risks, enhance reliability, and extend the lifespan of their infrastructure. The scoring matrix method is a technique for evaluating the condition of distribution substations. It combines results from field and laboratory tests to produce values that accurately reflect the substation's condition. The research focused on four distribution substations managed by PT PLN, classifying them into high, medium, and low categories based on their health index scores. The results show that, among the four distribution substations evaluated, substations A and C received health indices exceeding 80%, classifying them in the high category. It is therefore recommended that these substations continue operating normally while adhering to their scheduled periodic maintenance. In contrast, substation B received a health index between 50% and 80%, placing it in the medium category. While it can remain operational, it requires closer monitoring and maintenance at specific intervals to ensure reliability and prevent potential issues.
Rancang Bangun Pengusir Hama Burung dan Belalang Pada Padi Menggunakan Gelombang Ultrasonik Berbasis Lora
Authors: Wardani Ayusta Lukita , Amirul Haq Al Rasyid
Published: November 2024

Indonesia, as an agricultural country, faces the challenge of pests in the agricultural sector, one of which is the sparrow that often attacks rice plants, causing a decrease in rice yields. The use of traditional methods such as canned sound is considered less effective, so ultrasonic technology is chosen as a safer alternative to pesticides that can cause side effects to the environment. This research aims to design and test a sparrow and locust pest repellent tool on rice plants using ultrasonic waves based on LoRa technology, with the hope of offering a more efficient and environmentally friendly solution. Tests were conducted to determine the effectiveness of ultrasonic frequencies against sparrow and locust pests, as well as the maximum distance the tool can work. The device was tested with various wave frequencies (30 kHz, 35 kHz, 40 kHz) at different distances, and the LoRa communication range was measured until the signal was lost. The test results show that the optimal frequency to repel sparrows and locusts is 40 kHz with an effective range of up to 3 meters, and the LoRa module is able to transmit signals up to a distance of 63 meters. This research offers an alternative solution for farmers to repel pests effectively without harmful chemicals, as well as providing ease of tool control in areas without internet connection.
EXPERIENCIAS, DESAFÍOS Y PROYECCIONES DE LOS GED IBERO: VOCES Y REFLEXIONES DE SUS LÌDERES
Authors: MÉNDEZ CASTILLO JAIME ALBERTO
Published: November 2024

Desde el inicio de los tiempos los hombres han buscado explicar lo que los rodea, los fenómenos y acciones del entorno y, para ello, como humanidad hemos recurrido a los procesos de investigación que en inicio fueron rústicos, por ensayo y error, posteriormente fueron evolucionando en metodologías bajo un rigor científico desde enfoques, métodos e instrumentos y procesos de sistematización y análisis, dando como resultado, la generación de teorías, conclusiones y reflexiones en torno al fenómeno de estudio.
FORTALECER HABILIDADES PARA LA VIDA EN EL CONTEXTO URBANO DESDE LA ETNOEDUCACIÓN
Authors: BLANCO VEGA MARIA DE JESUS
Published: November 2024

La Etnoeducación entendida por UNICEF (2017) como una estrategia de apoyo al Ministerio de Educación Nacional, los sistemas educativos y el territorio, busca mejorar las capacidades de aprendizaje de los niños, las niñas y adolescentes indígenas y afrodescendientes, por medio de una formación curricular que promuevan saberes y habilidades para la vida, los cuales sean concordantes con la cosmovisión propia de los pueblos, respetuosos de sus prácticas y conocimientos ancestrales y con el fin de acceder a una educación con calidad, equitativa y en igualdad de oportunidades. Este tema central en la formación de los niños y las niñas de educación inicial es la base del presente escrito y deviene de análisis realizado en el marco del semillero Desarrollo, Competencias y Diversidad en Educación – DIDASTEMPUS – como un ejercicio reflexivo para abordar y soportar ideas de investigación relacionadas con esta perspectiva formativa. El diálogo participativo grupal y la oportunidad de interactuar en comunidad académica se gesta a partir del interés de las semilleristas para conocer y ampliar más los saberes sobre la Etnoeducación (Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia – UNAD, 2022).
A valuable or a curse resource? A systematic review on expansion, perception of local community, benefits and side effects of Prosopis juliflora
Authors: Eshetu Amogne Asfaw
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Prosopis juliflora has posed a severe threat to human and animal life in arid and semi-arid areas of the world. Thus, this review intends to shed light on the potential use of Prosopis as a helpful resource and feasible management system.

Methods

This research employs a systematic review methodology.

Results

The review revealed that the species had been introduced to overcome deforestation and desertification. Prosopis juliflora has had different socioeconomic and environmental impacts on local communities. The most widely cited adverse impacts include out-competing native species and quickly reducing forage plants, being a harbour for predators, health problems and death of domestic animals, and being an ideal ground for mosquito breeding. On the other hand, the species provides multiple ecosystem services like the provision of construction materials, animal feed and charcoal; plays a role in soil conservation and rehabilitation of degraded and saline soils, good sources of nectar for honey production; contributes to reducing dust pollution; enhances carbon sequestration, and have medicinal value due to its antifungal and antibacterial features. The local community’s attitude regarding the species is mixed.

Discussion

The consequent negative impacts are increasing quickly, making the urgent need to develop robust and practical management strategies necessary to both mitigate the adverse effects and fully use the benefits. Commercialization (with a notion of management through utilization) is a feasible way to minimize expansion. Cross-boundary endeavours for controlling Prosopis juliflora expansion to new regions, particularly in countries predicted as edges of high potential invasion, are required to manage the species invasion efficiently.
Inter-site comparability of 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance measurements in healthy traveling volunteers—a multi-site and multi-magnetic field strength study
Authors: Müller Maximilian , Daud Elias , Langer Georg , Gröschel Jan , Viezzer Darian , Hadler Thomas , Jin Ning , Giese Daniel , Schmitter Sebastian , Schulz-Menger Jeanette , Trauzeddel Ralf F.
Published: November 2024

Background

Time-resolved 3D cine phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (4D flow CMR) enables the characterization of blood flow using basic and advanced hemodynamic parameters. However, different confounders, e.g., different field strength, scanner configurations, or sequences, might impact 4D flow CMR measurements. This study aimed to analyze the inter-site reproducibility of 4D flow CMR to determine the influence of said confounders.

Methods

A cohort of 19 healthy traveling volunteers underwent 4D flow CMR at four different sites (Sites I–III: 3 T scanner; Site IV: 1.5 T scanner; all Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany). Two protocols of one 4D flow CMR research sequence were performed, one acquiring velocity vector fields in the thoracic aorta only and one in the entire heart and thoracic aorta combined. Basic and advanced hemodynamic parameters, i.e., forward flow volume (FFV), peak and mean velocities (Vp and Vm), and wall shear stress (3D WSS), at nine different planes across the thoracic aorta (P1–P2 ascending aorta, P3–P5 aortic arch, P6–P9 descending aorta) were analyzed. Based on a second scan at Site I, mean values and tolerance ranges (TOL) were generated for inter-site comparison. Equivalency was assumed when confidence intervals of Sites II–IV lay within such TOL. Additionally, inter- and intra-observer analysis as well as a comparison between the two protocols was performed, using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results

Inter-site comparability showed equivalency in P1 and P2 for FFV, Vp, and Vm at all sites. Non-equivalency was present in various planes of P3–P9 and in P2 for 3D WSS in one protocol. In total, Site IV showed the most disagreements. Protocol comparison yielded excellent (>0.9) ICC in every plane for FFV, good (0.75–0.9) to excellent ICC for Vm and 3D WSS, good to excellent ICC in eight planes for Vp, and moderate (0.5–0.75) ICC in one plane for Vp. Inter- and intra-observer analysis showed excellent agreement for every parameter.

Conclusions

Basic and advanced hemodynamic parameters revealed equivalency at different sites and field strength in the ascending aorta, a clinically important region of interest, under a highly controlled environment.