bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
الإطار القانوني المنظم للأحزاب السياسية في النظام العراقي
Authors:   دكتوراه في القانون العام – الجامعة الإسلامية في لبنان, العبادي جبار عبد الخالق العصاد
Published: January 2025

يشكل المناخ السياسي أساسًا في وجود الحزب السياسي حقيقة أو شكلا، وحتى يكون وجود الحزب فعالا في العملية السياسية في الدولة. ويقوم العمل السياسي في العراق على أسس غالباً ما تكون طائفية أو مذهبية أو دينية ترمي للوصول إلى الحكم والمشاركة فيه وهو ما يقوض غالبا من دور تلك الأحزاب.
وقد تم تبني النظام البرلماني ليكون هو نظام الحكم في العراق من خلال النص عليه وإيراده في القانون الأساسي العراقي أولاً، ومن ثم تم تبنيه في الدستور العراقي النافذ لعام 2005، الذي حدد شكل الحكم على أنه نظام برلماني.
وهو ما يدفعنا إلى القول بضرورة الالتزام بشكل عام بمبدأ الفصل بين السلطات، إضافة إلى العمل على تشريع القوانين التي تتعلق بالشفافية والوضوح فيما يخص الحياة السياسية وبالأخص في مجال العمل السياسي، على غرار قانون تنظيم الأحزاب السياسية في العراق.
Analisis Penerapan Teknologi Informasi dalam Peningkatan Daya Saing Perusahaan CV. Pampam di Era Digitalisasi
Authors: Megawati Rizka Azkiya
Published: January 2025

Teknologi informasi merupakan salah satu hal yang sangat penting dan menjadi suatu tantangan yang dihadapi pada era digitalisasi yang saat ini terus berkembang. Teknologi informasi juga saling berkaitan dan tidak dapat dipisahkan dari dunia usaha, karena dapat mendorong inovasi di berbagai bidang dan merupakan salah satu strategi untuk dapat meningkatkan daya saing Perusahaan. Namun upaya peningkatan daya saing Perusahaan tersebut belum dilakukan secara efektif pada CV. Pampam, karena masih ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi dalam menerapkan Teknologi Informasi, mengingat di era digitalisasi ini arena persaingan semakin kompetitif. Maka dari itu, tujuan penelitian ini akan menganalisis bagaimana Penerapan Teknologi Informasi dalam peningkatan daya saing Perusahaan di era digitalisasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, terhadap Pimpinan Perusahaan Jasa Percetakan CV. Pampam.
TAGULAYLAY
Authors: Atilano Ronald
Published: January 2025

Sinisiyasat ng mga tula sa koleksiyong “Tagulaylay” ang mga lamat at guho ng gunita, at gayundin, ang mga sumisibol na dahon at bulaklak mula sa mga siwang nito. Sa limang tula, iisang persona ang bumabagtas sa mga lunan at espasyo ng alamat at kasaysayan upang suriin ang mga sugat at pilat ng karanasang Filipino. Sa landas na ito, bawa’t tula ay isang estasyon: mula sa alamat ng pagkakalikha sa Pilipinas, ang kilusang kontra-diktadurya, ang lumalaganap na rebisyunismo sa kasaysayan, hanggang sa buhay at pakikipagsapalaran ng mga nasa laylayan ng lipunan.
Organizational Climate of Secondary Schools and its Relationship to the Demographic Variables of Principals
Authors:   University of the Philippines Integrated School, Ferrer Joe Amiel Benson
Published: January 2025

School principals oversee the school’s leadership and management, and one of their responsibilities is to ensure that the school has a positive organizational climate. To identify factors that affect the organizational climate of secondary schools, this research examined the relationship between the principals’ demographic profile and the organizational climate. Prevalent organizational climate and climate openness of secondary schools were also investigated. Descriptive research was used and a purposive sample of 31 schools and 1117 teachers participated in this study. Data analyses reveal that principal supportive behavior frequently occurred as the organizational climate in terms of principal-teacher relationship while engaged teacher behavior prevailed as the organizational climate in terms of a teacher-teacher relationship. Results also show that the general openness index of organizational climate in secondary schools was slightly above average. These findings indicate that there is a correlation between directive principal behavior and rank and that age and gender have a significant relationship to principal supportive behavior. In terms of the teacher-teacher relationship, age has a substantial connection to intimate teacher behavior. Further studies may be conducted on the other possible factors that affect a school’s organizational climate, such as teacher and student factors.
PENERAPAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA PADA MATA PELAJARAN FIQIH KELAS IV A DI MIN 9 BIREUEN
Authors: Saputra Edi , Rahmatina Aulia
Published: January 2025

The problem of this research is what is the general description of MIN 9 Bireuen, what is the theoretical basis of the independent curriculum and what are the principles of independent doctrine in class IV A fiqh subjects. This research aims to find out the general description of MIN 9 Bireuen, to find out the theoretical basis of the independent curriculum, and To find out the application of the independent curriculum in class IV A Fiqh subjects. This type of research is field research using a qualitative approach. In the data collection process, the author used observation, interview and documentation techniques. In analyzing the data the author carried out three stages, namely reduction, display and verification. Research results: First, MIN 9 Bireuen is located on Jalan Pulo Siron Number 3, Dayah Mesjid Village, Kutablang District. Second, freedom to learn is the policy of the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. The Independent Curriculum is implemented with the aim of training students' independence in thinking. Independent learning prioritizes students' interests and talents which can foster creative and fun attitudes in students. Third, independent curriculum planning is carried out by sending teachers to take part in technical guidance training both online and in person, then preparing learning tools so that learning can run optimally. One way of implementing an independent curriculum in learning is using differentiated learning and assessment.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN AKAD WADIAH DALAM PRODUK TABUNGAN PADA BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA
Authors: Fahmi Makraja  , Khadijatul Musanna
Published: January 2025

Savings products at BSI use a wadiah yad dhamanah agreement, namely the use of customer savings funds by the bank without sharing profits with the customer, but the customer is given a bonus from time to time by the bank according to the management's interruptions. Wadiah yad amanah almost does not exist in Indonesian sharia banks. In muamalah, both in trading and in Islamic banking, Islamic banking has also regulated that it must not harm other parties, must be transparent and there must be no element of usury. This research uses qualitative research. It is hoped that this research will be able to provide a detailed description of the theory regarding the comprehensive systematic application of wadiah contracts regarding matters relating to bank business activities with sharia principles, especially in raising funds, namely wadiah. The results of this research show that the implementation of the wadiah contract using wadiah yad dhamanah in Indonesian sharia banks seems forced in order to attract as many customers as possible, where the majority of the Indonesian population is Muslim, as well as in order to gain the trust of its customers.
PANDANGAN ISLAM TERHADAP TRADISI PERNIKAHAN DALAM PROSESI UPACARA MANOE PUCOK
Authors: Fitriani  , Fahmi Arfan  , Irwan
Published: January 2025

His article aims to explain the Islamic view of the wedding tradition in the Manoe Pucok ceremony procession. This research is a field research, using an anthropological approach. In this study, researchers used qualitative data analysis techniques with descriptive methods. Based on the results of this study, it shows that the Islamic view of the marriage tradition in the Manoe Pucok ceremony if it is carried out in an appropriate manner and does not conflict with sharia law, the teachings of Islam allow it. The values contained in the implementation of this tradition are an expression that symbolizes self-cleansing before starting a new life. Manoe Pucok is an event that bathes the bride and groom the day before the wedding. Therefore, Manoe Pucok has become a culture for the people of Aceh as it is today. A wise saying in the maja hadith states "Mate aneuk meupat jeurat, gadoeh adat pat tamita", the meaning of these words is: if a child dies, know where the grave is.
PERAYAAN MAULID NABI SAW DI ACEH (ANALISIS SOSIOLOGI: AKULTURASI BUDAYA ACEH DENGAN BUDAYA ARAB)
Authors: Alfurqan
Published: January 2025

The people of Aceh celebrate the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad SAW every year. This fact raises the question, whether the Prophet's birthday. as a Shari'a or a form of culture? These two questions prompted the author to research the Prophet Muhammad's birthday tradition, which was pursued through library research. This research was conducted by exploring Islamic views on the existence of the Prophet Muhammad's birthday (normative). The history and cultural optics of Islam in Aceh and in Arabia, especially those related to the traditions of the Prophet Muhammad's birthday, are also the objects of research in this research. This research uses secondary data made from primary law in the form of the Koran and Hadith and secondary data made from secondary law in the form of works by legal experts. The works of cultural experts and enlycopedias provide complementary data. The results of the research concluded that the celebration of the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad saw was one of the Islamic cultures created by Muslims in the 4th/10th century AD which aimed to strengthen the love of Muslims for the Prophet Muhammad. and also as a medium for concern and friendship with fellow Muslims as a manifestation of the Muslim community's gratitude to Allah SWT. Birthday of the Prophet SAW. is the result of ijtihad, so its position as the second source of religious teachings as reported by Harun Nasution is teachings that originate from the explanations and thoughts of religious leaders or experts where the criteria are not absolute, and can be changed according to current developments. Meanwhile, the first teaching is a revelation from God, is absolute, absolutely true, eternal, unchanging and cannot be changed (shari'a).
Scientific Interpretation and Its Significance in the Development of Science
Authors: Rawanita Mesi , Syabuddin Syabuddin
Published: January 2025

Scientific interpretation is an approach to the interpretation of the Qur'an that utilizes modern scientific knowledge as an instrument to understand verses related to natural phenomena and natural laws. This article explores the role of scientific interpretation in bridging religious texts with science and its contribution to the development of science itself. The method used is a literature review and critical analysis of the relevance of Qur'anic verses to modern science. The results of the study show that scientific interpretation has the potential to expand the scientific horizons of Muslims and facilitate constructive dialogue between religion and science. In addition, this approach can significantly contribute to understanding the complexity of the relationship between religious texts and contemporary scientific discoveries. Nevertheless, the study also highlights the methodological and interpretive challenges faced in applying scientific interpretation, including the risk of subjectivity and bias in understanding the text. Therefore, a careful, systematic, and principle-based approach is needed to maximize the benefits of scientific interpretation. This article concludes that scientific interpretation has excellent potential to be an effective tool in developing science while strengthening the understanding of Islam that is relevant to the context of the times.
Implementation Of Digital Learning To Improve Students' Learning Activity In The Subject Of Al-Qur'an Hadith
Authors: Maisarah Maisarah , Salsabilla Putri , Dewi Kurnia
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the application of digital learning in the Al-Qur'an Hadith subject at MAN 1 West Aceh using the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method of the Kemmis-Taggart model. The results of the study indicate that digital learning is learning that uses digital technology to convey material to students, which can be done by using devices such as computers, tablets, and smartphones, using online learning platforms, using educational applications using the internet to search for sources of information and present learning materials contextually and delivering audio-visual materials in the form of text, graphics, animations, or videos. Success of Digital Learning Student scores (blue) tends to be higher than scores (green), especially in the aspects of Average, Max, and Mean, indicating the effectiveness of the application of digital learning on student activity in the Al-Qur'an Hadith subject. In terms of Data Diversity, the Standard Deviation (Std) and Variance (Var) have small values, indicating that student learning outcomes are quite consistent, with little deviation between students. Meanwhile, in terms of value distribution, the maximum student value is very high, almost reaching 100%, indicating that there are students who are very active and involved. The value mode is also significant, indicating a consistent pattern of success in the majority of students and in terms of Score Gap and score values (green) have much smaller values
than the values​ (blue) on each indicator. This shows that the value as a representation of final achievement is more prominent than the initial score or other indicators.
John Calvin the Reformer of Geneva and the Michael Servet’s Legal Action (1531-1553)
Authors: Albert András
Published: January 2025

In 1554, Sebastian Castellio (1515-1563) published his „De haereticis an sint persequindi”, a work based on the trial and execution of Servetus. He became known as a defender of religious tolerance in Western European countries. He advocated persecution of heretics and religious freedom and interpreted religious tolerance. Sebastian Castellio, in his treatise "On Heresy", addressed the problem of religious freedom and the persecution of religious tolerance. In the work, he proclaimed that heresy should not be punished with either ecclesiastical or civil penalties. Faith and religious beliefs are free and should not be coerced. In making this statement, he referred to the Servet trial and its consequence. Who was right: Castellion or Calvin? Castellio was right, given the terrible jurisprudence. No one should have been condemned for the free expression of thought and opinion. As far as the teaching of the Church was concerned, Calvin was right. Michael Servetus was wrong in his opposition to biblical and ecclesiastical teaching. In the spirit of the 16th century, the spreading of his false teaching had to be stopped at all costs, and he had to be sentenced to death according to the legal custom of the time and the ecclesiastical laws.
Traditional and Self-Medication Practice for Common Eye Ailments
Authors: Samiuddin  , Khan Muhammad Tariq , Fatima Benish , Haris Ali , Sapna  , Uddin Nauman , Manan Fazl-E
Published: January 2025

AIM: To determine the use, types, and nature of traditional and self-medication practices for common eye ailments in people visiting a tertiary care hospital.
STUDY DESIGN: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study.
DURATION AND SETTINGS OF STUDY: This study was carried out at the department of ClinicalOphthalmology, Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC) Peshawar. The duration of the study was six months from 1st September 2020 to 25th February 2021.
METHODS: Self-designed questionnaire was used to find out the type and frequency of traditional eye medication and self-medications among people visiting Eye OPD. It is comprised of three parts. The first part consisted of personal details; the second part included questions about traditional eye medications while the third part included questions regarding eye self-medications.
RESULTS: Among 113 participants, 54 (48%) were males and 59 (52%) were females. The mean age was 41.36 years. Out of all 113 participants, 56 (49.6%) participants were practicing Traditional eye medication, while 38 (33.6%) participants were practicing self-medications for their eye problems. The majority (n= 81; 72%) of the participants were married. City dwellers were 62 (55%). Among the female participants, 36 (32%) were housewives. Among males, 12 (10.6%) belonged to the labor force.
CONCLUSION: Traditional Eye Medication and Self- Eye Medication were in practice for various eye ailments. Such practices can cause some severe complications and irreversible blindness.
Pattern of Ocular Trauma in Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Marukh Aamir  , Iqra Khalil  , Bushra Kanwal
Published: January 2025

Aim: To determine the pattern of ocular trauma in patients presented to a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.
Duration and Setting of the Study: Outpatient Department of Munawwar Memorial Hospital Chakwal, Pakistan from 1 September 2020 to 31 December 2020.
Methods: With informed consent, data including age, gender, occupation, and nature of the object was collected from the patients presenting with a history of ocular trauma. The visual acuity of each patient was recorded using the Snellen Visual Acuity Chart at a distance of 6 meters. Details of the anterior chamber were recorded using Slit lamp biomicroscopy while and examination of the posterior chamber was carried out using direct and indirect ophthalmoscope after dilating the pupils with 0.5% tropicamide eye drops. Data was analyzed by using SPSS V-20 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, USA). Descriptive statistics were applied for data analysis.
Results: Eighty-four patients presented with ocular trauma to the OPD and emergency during study duration. The range of age was 4-70 years. The male to female ratio was almost 3:1. Blunt trauma accounted for 38(45.2%) of cases followed by foreign body 28(33%), organic trauma 11(13%), chemical injury 5(5.9%), and penetrating trauma 2 (2.3%) patients. The most common site of ocular injury was the cornea 31(36.9%) followed by eyelid 7(8.3%). More than half of the subjects had trauma from the workplace and 89% were not using protective eyewear.
Conclusion: Ocular trauma more commonly occur in young male individuals. Blunt trauma was also more common than the other types of ocular trauma.
Efficacy of Tacrolimus 0.03% Ointment in Resistant Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Authors: Bilal Khan  , Adnan Ahmad  , Javed Rasul  , Muhammad Farhan  , Hamid Rehman
Published: January 2025

Aim: To determine the efficacy of 0.03% Tacrolimus ointment in treating resistant meibomian gland dysfunction.
Study design: Interventional case series.
Duration and Settings of the Study: From January 2021 to June 2021 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar.
Methods: Patients with meibomian gland dysfunction resistant to conventional therapy were included in the study. All of them were treated with Tacrolimus 0.03% dermatological ointment applied twice daily to eyelashes and lid margins along with lid hygiene measures. The patients were evaluated for any improvement in the subjective and objective features of the disease with therapy by conducting assessments at 2nd and 4th week of therapy and were then compared with the baseline features.
Results: A total of 18 participants (36 eyes) with mean age and + standard deviation of 40 + 12.4 year participated in the study. There was no statistically significant improvement in certain parameters like inferior tear meniscus level (p=0.09), meibum quality (p=0.88), conjunctival redness (p=0.18), and telangiectasia of the lower eyelid (p=0.9). However, the fluorescein staining score (p=0.03) and telangiectasia of the upper eyelid (p=0.02) showed statistically significant improvements. As far as the subjective features of the disease were concerned, significant improvement in ocular itching (p=0.04) and dryness (p=0.03) was observed.
Conclusion: Topical application of Tacrolimus 0.03% ointment showed improvement in the fluorescein staining score, telangiectasia of the upper eyelid, ocular itching and dryness in meibomian gland dysfunction in resistant cases.
Assessment of Visual Fatigue While Watching Digital Screens
Authors: Mubashir Rehman  , Faisal Khan  , Jahanzaib Khan  , Adnan Ahmad  , Mohammad Zeeshan Tahir
Published: January 2025

Aim: To correlate visual fatigue such as eye tiredness and headache with the use of digital screens.
Study design: Observational Study
Duration and Setting of the Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Qazi Hussain Ahmad Medical Complex, Nowshera from 1 Jan 2022 to 31 Dec 2022.
Methods: A total of 101 general population data was collected. All patients were inquired about using screens at different distances, brightness, exposure time, and by using spectacles or screens with or without filters. Their records were analysed for fatigue caused due to watching screens. Data was entered and analysed for simple percentages using SPSS version 25.0.
Results: Smartphone was used mostly with 80.19%. Exposure time to screens was 4 hours in 31.68% and 6 hours in 33.66% of study participants. Exposure time to smartphones was 4 hours in 26.73% of participants and 6 hours in 26.73%.of participants. Amongst the participants, 90.09% were screen users at near distance, out of which 73 (72.27%) smartphone users complained of eye tiredness. Seventy-eight people were using smartphones at high brightness which caused visual fatigue in 77.22% of participants. Sixty Seven (65.85%) were using screens at a close distance which caused eye tiredness with a percentage of 67.89%. The chi-square test showed a significance value in two groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Visual fatigue occurred when exposure to screens was more than 4 hours. The use of screens close to the eyes with high brightness caused a decrease in the blinking rate that resulted in asthenopia, dry eye, computer vision syndrome, and eye tiredness.
Convergence Insufficiency: Modified Dot Card VS Conventional Orthoptic Exercises
Authors: Imran Jan
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aim: To compare conventional orthoptic exercises and modified dot cards in the management of primary convergenceinsufficiency.
Study Design: Experimental hospital-based study.
Duration and Setting of the Study: The study was conducted at Tawam Hospital Uinted Arab Emarat (UAE) from March 2021 to April 2022.
Method: Patients diagnosed with primary convergence insufficiency were divided into two groups. One group was given conventional orthoptic exercises (conventional dot card) while the other group was given a modified dot card. All the patients were instructed to exercise 5 times a day, each time for 5 minutes and were reviewed after three weeks and a second review after two weeks. Consent was taken from every participant.
Results: A total of 27 patients were included in the study diagnosed with primary convergence insufficiency. The age limit of the patients was between 13-24 years, to rule out the non-compliance part of the study. Participants treated with conventional methods showed a 62% success, while those treated with modified dot card had success rate of 83%. Furthermore, patients who were having remote near point of convergence (NPC) and who showed no improvement at all with conventional exercise were given modified dot card for exercise. By switching to the modified card they showed a very good improvement in their symptoms and NPC.
Conclusion: The modified dot card is an effective test that can be used in patients with mild, moderate, and marked convergence insufficiency.
Migraine and Visual Health in Migraineurs
Authors: Ayesha Zubair  , Hafiza Ummara Rasheed  , Muhammad Shaheer  , Muhammad Moin
Published: January 2025

Aim: To examine possible associations between migraine and certain visual conditions that are encountered by individuals with migraine.
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional.
Duration and Settings of the Study: October 2023 to December 2023 at Mayo Hospital, Lahore.
Methods: The Ethical Review Board of the College of Ophthalmology and Allied Vision Sciences (1474, 23) granted approval to the study. A sample size of 73 people was calculated using a formula giving confidence interval of 95%, an estimated proportion of 25% (0.25), and the desired precision of 10% (0.10). A questionnaire was used for data collection. People with migraine from Lahore over 18 years of age were included in the study, while people with certain neurological conditions having migraines were excluded. Categorical data was cross-tabulated. The data was analyzed using an independent sampling t-test. A p-value < using SPSS 25.00.
Results: Out of 79 participants, 53 were male and 31 were married. Prevalence of headaches in the population surveyed was 89.9%. Among 79 participants, 44.3% said they had taken medicine to relieve their headaches. Of these, 26.6% of participants reported that taking medication helped to relieve their headaches, 39.2% did not feel better with medicines and 34.2% were unsure. Experience of a temporary blindness in one eye while having a migraine attack was significant (p<0.001). Similarly, seeing a blurring spot in the sides of the visual field and distorted image viewing while having a migraine attack were also significant (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: A possible direct relation between migraine and certain visual health-related conditions was proved significant.
Study on Countermeasures for the Protection of Consumers' Personal Information Rights from the Perspective of Civil and Commercial Law
Authors: Shen Zhouyang
Published: January 2025

With the advent of the information age, data has become a new factor of production, and the collection, storage, and utilization of consumers' personal information have become increasingly frequent. However, while these technological advancements bring convenience to society, they have also triggered numerous issues related to privacy leakage and data misuse, severely eroding consumers' rights to personal information. From the perspective of civil and commercial law, this paper aims to delve into the current state, problems, and countermeasures of protecting consumers' personal information rights. It seeks to uncover the shortcomings of the existing legal system in addressing the challenges of data protection. By proposing systemic legislation, diversified regulatory mechanisms, enhanced corporate responsibilities, and heightened consumer awareness, among other multi-dimensional measures, a more robust framework for protecting consumers' personal information is envisioned, with the hope of providing valuable references for future judicial practices.
Public Value and the Compatibility of State Aid to Public Service Broadcasters – the hot potato for the European Commission
Authors:   Utrecht University, Department of International and European Law, Pelekis Dionysios , Kozak Małgorzata ,   University of Utrecht
Published: January 2025

This article explores the legal regime governing Public Service Broadcasters (PSBs), and the competences of the EU in regulating and overseeing them, from the perspective of State aid law and their compatibility with the internal market. First, the components of the legal framework are identified and analysed. Additionally, a substantive public value test is proposed and introduced, building on the available literature, decisional practice, and incorporating a legal construction of pluralism, derived from the available case law. Subsequently, the compatibility regime for PSBs is examined. The specific regime applicable to PSBs, and its constituent elements, are analysed, followed by an analysis of the general principles of State aid compatibility, with a focus on legality and incentive effect. Finally, the various threads of the analysis are brought together, demonstrating how the combined framework would apply, and how, subject to limitations, the apparent competence gap could be bridged.
L’identité d’enseignants-chercheurs d’une université de « proximité » : des formes plurielles traversées par des tensions
Authors: Faggianelli Daniel , Carra Cécile
Published: January 2025

Cet article se donne pour objectif de comprendre, en mobilisant les cadres d’analyse de la sociologie des professions interactionnistes, le rôle des multi régulations sur l’identité des enseignants-chercheurs exerçant à l’Université d’Artois (France). L’analyse repose sur des données issues d’une enquête par questionnaire s’adressant à trois grandes catégories d’acteurs : personnels enseignants (n = 405), dont les enseignants-chercheurs au coeur de cet article (n = 105), étudiants (n = 820) et acteurs socio-économiques du territoire (n = 155). Le traitement de ces données permet de faire émerger trois grandes formes identitaires. La première se construit autour de la figure du savant : elle prend appui le plus fortement sur les missions historiques de l’université; la recherche et la démocratisation de l’enseignement supérieur sont constitutives de la deuxième forme identitaire; la troisième forme montre l’importance accordée à la formation, à la professionnalisation et à l’insertion professionnelle des étudiants. Cette figure s’ancre profondément sur son territoire, concevant l’université d’abord comme un pôle de formation.
Landslide Hazards, Public Intervention and Property Values – The Case of Saguenay, Quebec, Canada
Authors: Des Rosiers François , Tossou Bienvenu
Published: January 2025

Since the beginning of the 21st century, over 100 major landslides have been reported worldwide, which resulted in both human casualties and massive damages to property. While the academic and technical literature on landslide hazard risk assessment is quite abundant, relatively few studies address the issue of the impact of landslide exposure on property values. In this research, we look at the impact that public intervention aimed at compensating homeowners affected by landslide hazard constraint zones had on residential values in La Baie, an arrondissement of the City of Saguenay (formerly Chicoutimi), in the province of Quebec, Canada. The area was most affected by the Saguenay flood that hit the region on July 19 and 20, 1996 and which was followed by a series of landslides. A difference-in-differences (DiD) spatial hedonic price model is estimated using a representative sample of 813 single-family sales transacted in La Baie between 2009 and 2016. Findings suggest that, caeteris paribus, and nearly two decades after the 1996 events, the compensation scheme implemented at the local level in December 2012 did not manage to completely offset the disadvantages of building constraints on high-risk sites induced by the new regulations and translated into a statistically significant price discount of 3.4% for affected properties as opposed to unaffected ones. They also suggest that a panoramic view on the Saguenay fjord adds some 8.6% to a property’s value.
Canada’s economic centre of gravity: New estimates using local labour market areas
Authors: Lee Annie Seong , Breau Sébastien
Published: January 2025

This paper provides new estimates of Canada’s economic centre of gravity using self-contained labour market areas as the regional unit of analysis. We find that from 1986 to 2019, Canada’s economic centre of gravity shifted from east to west by a net distance of 173 km, or approximately 3.1% of the distance separating Canada’s most easterly point (Cape Spear, Newfoundland and Labrador) and the Yukon-Alaska border in the northwest. Within this overall westward shift, we identify five distinct movement vectors where major directional changes have taken place driven in large part by fluctuating prices in resource- (particularly energy-) based commodity prices.
Per què entrar a l’arxiu del Moviment de Renovació Pedagògica Escola d’Estiu del País Valencià
Authors: Martínez Bonafé Àngels
Published: January 2025

El text presenta convida a entrar a l'inventari i a l'arxiu de documents realitzats per diferents col·lectius  d'ensenyants organitzats al País Valencià entre 1975 i 2005 per construir un moviment social apostant per un model d'escola valenciana pública i democr`àtica, anomenat el Moviment de Renovació Pedagògica Escola d'Estiu del País Valencià. Al mateix temps que explica les diferents parts de l'arxiu, va referint les activitats públiques  que ha realitzat aquesta autoorganització , i la seua relació amb les institucions `de  govern en diferents contextos, i amb altres moviments socials.
Pseudodicotomías entre el mundo adulto y el infantil: elementos para pensar la representación social de la infancia en la escuela
Authors: Costa de Oliveira Maria Patricia , Silva do Nascimento Melo Elda
Published: January 2025

Este artículo discute las pseudodicotomías sobre mundo infantil-mundo adulto para la educación de la infancia, lo que consideramos tener importancia critica en el estudio de las representaciones sociales de los profesores de la socialización de los niños en la vida escolar. Para argumentar sobre las interpretaciones que podemos establecer sobre la socialización de los niños en el ámbito escolar, utilizamos como bases teóricas para explorarlas la teoría de las representaciones sociales, la psicología social y la sociología de la infancia. A partir de estos fundamentos, discutimos las oposiciones y falsas dicotomías que aún persisten en las concepciones y prácticas de los profesores sobre los aspectos que envuelven la vida social de los niños en la escuela. También discutimos lo que los nuevos estudios sociológicos sobre la educación de la infancia proponen sobre estos aspectos.
El uso del ChatGPT como herramienta de Inteligencia Artificial generativa en la práctica docente y su repercusión en la integridad académica. Dialogando con Gregorio González Alcaide
Authors: García-Aracil Adela , Isusi-Fagoaga Rosa
Published: January 2025

Se trata de una entrevista dialogada entre Gregorio González Alcaide con Adela García Aracil y Rosa Isusi Fagoaga
Propuestas en materia de diversidad sexoafectiva al Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes
Authors: Albujer Lax Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2025

La enseñanza de español como lengua adicional ha invisibilizado las identidades divergentes de la heteronormatividad. El Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes se presenta como una guía para la realización de programaciones didácticas, planificaciones de aula y creación de materiales, incluyendo los productos editoriales. Si nos acercamos a las referencias que tiene en relación a la diversidad sexoafectiva, se aprecian incoherencias y se evidencia la necesidad de una adecuada actualización de la obra. En este artículo se presentan diversas propuestas enmarcadas dentro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas y el Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes, así como el marco teórico de la pedagogía queer y los conceptos clave para acercarse a esta cuestión.
La voz pasiva en español y el sesgo teórico presente en el material didáctico E/LE
Authors: Gutiérrez Böhmer Sofía , Morón Usandivaras Mariana
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo indaga sobre la relación entre manuales de enseñanza de Español como Lengua Extranjera, gramáticas pedagógicas y estudios teóricos dedicados al estudio de la voz pasiva en español. En particular, se analiza el sesgo teórico presente en los manuales, sesgo que a menudo centra su interés en aspectos morfosintácticos de las construcciones lingüísticas, descuidando las diferencias semántico-pragmáticas que influyen en la selección de las formas. Para ello, se atiende a la comparación que estos trabajos establecen entre la pasiva perifrástica, por un lado, y, por el otro, la voz activa, la pasiva refleja, la construcción de estar + participio, las construcciones impersonales y las de objeto directo antepuesto,  destacando similitudes pragmáticas y semánticas. Se propone una enseñanza que fomente la comprensión de estas relaciones, siguiendo sugerencias de Gutiérrez Böhmer y Morón Usandivaras (2022).
Hitler and the «Seer of the Third Reich»
Authors: Zehnpfennig Barbara
Published: January 2025

Hitler made arbitrary use of the authors he read to form his worldview. From Houston Stewart Chamberlain, for instance, he adopted elements of his theory of race, his anti-Semitism and his belief in the German mission. How Hitler chose to use those elements, however, was independent of the author’s intentions. Yet authors such as Houston Stewart Chamberlain could be described as visionaries of National Socialism. Firstly, Chamberlain’s racist and anti-Semitic resentment prepared the way for an even more radical interpretation. Secondly, Chamberlain himself believed that Hitler was the longed-for saviour of Germany and of the world.
Serendipitat educativa: No sabia que sabia tant!
Authors: Calvo Carlos
Published: January 2025

“No sabía que sabía tanto”, exclamación de una niña de ocho años plantea una situación paradojal respecto a que lo que sabemos nunca está acotado ni tiene límites exactos, sino difuminados y difusos porque siempre nuestros conocimientos se encuentran abiertos a resignificaciones y a la creación de nuevas relaciones gracias a las interacciones entre lo antigo y lo nuevo, que siempre se cuelan en esos procesos transformándolos permanentemente. Sin embargo, a la escuela le tienta la certidumbre confundiendo la probabilidad de que algo ocurra con la certeza de que acontecerá. Se propone desescolarizar a la escuela en nivel macro (naturaleza y sociedad) y micro (escuela).
Diálogo de un Físico y un Metafísico
Authors: Coriasso Martín-Posadillo Cristina Isabel
Published: January 2025

A la traducción anotada al castellano del Dialogo di un Fisico e di un Metafisico, considerada por Mario Fubini como la más importante de las Operette morali, se añade una nota introductoria de la traductora, que enfoca la lectura en relación con la cuestión de la inmortalidad inmanente en conexión con cierta deriva neo-positivista contemporánea, de la que el texto leopardiano constituye una eficaz crítica.
Polvo
Authors: La Ruina Saverio
Published: January 2025

Traducción al español, realizada por la actriz y directora Diana Volpe, de la obra Polvere, escrita por el dramaturgo Saverio La Ruina y estrenada, en italiano, en 2015 y, en español, en 2018 en Caracas y en 2024 en Valencia. En escena hay un él y una ella: son cultos, acomodados, viajan, leen libros, tienen una vida social estimulante. Los conocemos al principio de su historia, volviendo de una fiesta. Debería ser un momento perfecto, pero enseguida queda claro que algo va mal. Hay un polvo inmaterial, impalpable, evanescente, que se levanta lentamente en torno a la mujer: la rodea, la envuelve, mina sus certezas, destruye su fuerza, su coraje, apaga su sonrisa y su capacidad de soñar.
Rydberg atom electric field based quantum measurement method and polarization influence analysis
Authors: DING Chao , HU Shanshan , DENG Song , SONG Hongtian , ZHANG Ying , WANG Baoshuai , YAN Sheng , XIAO Dongping , ZHANG Huaiqing ,   Electric Power Research Institute of Guizhou Power Grid Co. Ltd., Guiyang 550001, China,   CSG Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510700, China,   Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Measurement and Advanced Metering of Power Grid, Guangzhou 510700, China,   National Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Published: January 2025

The interaction between an electric field and the energy levels of Rydberg states results in the Stark effect, which can be used for quantum detection by measuring the frequency shift in electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra. By using the functional relationship between the frequency shift and the electric field, it is possible to measure the electric field in question. However, the mismatch between the probe laser and the polarization direction of the coupled laser leads to errors in the measurement of the frequency shift, affecting the accurate measurement of the electric field. In this work, the Schrödinger equation is solved by perturbation method to derive the functional relationship between the energy offset and the electric field strength. Then, the functional relationship between the energy offset and the electric field strength is brought into the solution of the density matrix equation, and the influences of the polarization direction of the detected light and coupled light on the EIT-Stark mathematical model are analyzed. Then an internal electrode method is used to prevent shielding effects caused by alkali metal atoms adhering to the surface of the atomic vapor cell, thereby enabling the application of the electric field. The calibration of the Rydberg state polarisation rate is achieved by using a standard source and measuring the frequency shift of the EIT spectrum. Finally, the effects of polarisation mismatch on the measurement results of EIT spectrum and the electric field are verified by modulating the laser polarization direction. The experimental data show that when the polarization directions of the probe laser and coupled laser are parallel to each other, it is the most matched polarization direction for the lasers, the peak value of the EIT spectrum is the largest, and the maximum relative error of the electric field measurement is 1.67%. When the angle between the polarisation directions of the probe light and the coupled light laser is 45°, the laser polarisation mismatch is the most severe, the EIT spectral peak is the lowest and the maximum relative error of the electric field measurement is 10.24%.
Realistic mossy fiber input patterns to unipolar brush cells evoke a continuum of temporal responses comprised of components mediated by different glutamate receptors
Authors: Huson Vincent , Regehr Wade G
Published: January 2025

Unipolar brush cells (UBCs) are excitatory interneurons in the cerebellar cortex that receive mossy fiber (MF) inputs and excite granule cells. The UBC population responds to brief burst activation of MFs with a continuum of temporal transformations, but it is not known how UBCs transform the diverse range of MF input patterns that occur
in vivo
. Here we use cell-attached recordings from UBCs in acute cerebellar slices to examine responses to MF firing patterns that are based on
in vivo
recordings. We find that MFs evoke a continuum of responses in the UBC population, mediated by three different types of glutamate receptors that each convey a specialized component. AMPARs transmit timing information for single stimuli at up to 5 spikes/s, and for very brief bursts. A combination of mGluR2/3s (inhibitory) and mGluR1s (excitatory) mediates a continuum of delayed, and broadened responses to longer bursts, and to sustained high frequency activation. Variability in the mGluR2/3 component controls the time course of the onset of firing, and variability in the mGluR1 component controls the duration of prolonged firing. We conclude that the combination of glutamate receptor types allows each UBC to simultaneously convey different aspects of MF firing. These findings establish that UBCs are highly flexible circuit elements that provide diverse temporal transformations that are well suited to contribute to specialized processing in different regions of the cerebellar cortex.
Gene regulatory dynamics during craniofacial development in a carnivorous marsupial
Authors: Cook Laura E , Feigin Charles Y , Hills John , Vespasiani Davide M , Pask Andrew J , Gallego Romero Irene
Published: January 2025

Marsupials and placental mammals exhibit significant differences in reproductive and life history strategies. Marsupials are born highly underdeveloped after an extremely short period of gestation, leading to prioritization of the development of structures critical for post-birth survival in the pouch. Critically, they must undergo accelerated development of the oro-facial region compared to placentals. Previously we described the accelerated development of the oro-facial region in the carnivorous Australian marsupial, the fat-tailed dunnart
Sminthopsis crassicaudata
that has one of the shortest gestations of any mammal. By combining genome comparisons of the mouse and dunnart with functional data for the enhancer-associated chromatin modifications, H3K4me3 and H3K27ac, we investigated divergence of craniofacial regulatory landscapes between these species. This is the first description of genome-wide face regulatory elements in a marsupial, with 60,626 putative enhancers and 12,295 putative promoters described. We also generated craniofacial RNA-seq data for the dunnart to investigate expression dynamics of genes near predicted active regulatory elements. While genes involved in regulating facial development were largely conserved in mouse and dunnart, the regulatory landscape varied significantly. Additionally, a subset of dunnart-specific enhancers were associated with genes highly expressed only in dunnart relating to cranial neural crest proliferation, embryonic myogenesis and epidermis development. Comparative RNA-seq analyses of facial tissue revealed dunnart-specific expression of genes involved in the development of the mechanosensory system. Accelerated development of the dunnart sensory system likely relates to the sensory cues received by the nasal-oral region during the postnatal journey to the pouch. Together these data suggest that accelerated face development in the dunnart may be driven by dunnart-specific enhancer activity. Our study highlights the power of marsupial-placental comparative genomics for understanding the role of enhancers in driving temporal shifts in development.
A differentiable Gillespie algorithm for simulating chemical kinetics, parameter estimation, and designing synthetic biological circuits
Authors: Rijal Krishna , Mehta Pankaj
Published: January 2025

The Gillespie algorithm is commonly used to simulate and analyze complex chemical reaction networks. Here, we leverage recent breakthroughs in deep learning to develop a fully differentiable variant of the Gillespie algorithm. The differentiable Gillespie algorithm (DGA) approximates discontinuous operations in the exact Gillespie algorithm using smooth functions, allowing for the calculation of gradients using backpropagation. The DGA can be used to quickly and accurately learn kinetic parameters using gradient descent and design biochemical networks with desired properties. As an illustration, we apply the DGA to study stochastic models of gene promoters. We show that the DGA can be used to: (i) successfully learn kinetic parameters from experimental measurements of mRNA expression levels from two distinct
E. coli
promoters and (ii) design nonequilibrium promoter architectures with desired input-output relationships. These examples illustrate the utility of the DGA for analyzing stochastic chemical kinetics, including a wide variety of problems of interest to synthetic and systems biology.
Reactive Oxygen Detoxification Contributes to Mycobacterium abscessus Antibiotic Survival
Authors: Bates Nicholas A , Rodriguez Ronald , Drwich Rama , Ray Abigail , Stanley Sarah A , Penn Bennett H
Published: January 2025

When a population of bacteria encounter a bactericidal antibiotic most cells die rapidly. However, a sub-population, known as “persister cells”, can survive for prolonged periods in a non-growing, but viable, state. Persister cell frequency is dramatically increased by stresses such as nutrient deprivation, but it is unclear what pathways are required to maintain viability, and how this process is regulated. To identify the genetic determinants of antibiotic persistence in mycobacteria, we carried out transposon mutagenesis high-throughput sequencing (Tn-Seq) screens in
Mycobacterium abscessus
(
Mabs
). This analysis identified genes essential in both spontaneous and stress-induced persister cells, allowing the first genetic comparison of these states in mycobacteria, and unexpectedly identified multiple genes involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found that endogenous ROS were generated following antibiotic exposure, and that the KatG catalase-peroxidase contributed to survival in both spontaneous and starvation-induced persisters. We also found that that hypoxia significantly impaired bacterial killing, and notably, in the absence of oxygen, KatG became dispensable. Thus, the lethality of some antibiotics is amplified by toxic ROS accumulation, and persister cells depend on detoxification systems to remain viable.