bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biofortification of Iron, Zinc, and Iodine in Crops Using Transgenic Techniques
Authors: Saini Pradip Kumar , Bhati Jitender , Kumar Kuldeep , Goyal Girish , Tripathi Sanjay Kumar , Shukla Swatank , Prakash Satya , Ram D. , Prasad Shamboo
Published: February 2023

Malnutrition is a very big issue in poor nations, particularly in Asia and Africa, where millions of pre-school-aged children with pregnant women suffer from it. Because they eat a carbohydrate-rich but micronutrient-scant plant-based diet, poor individuals are more vulnerable to malnutrition and hidden hunger. The spread of high-yielding varieties but low-micronutrient cultivars exacerbated the malnutrition. Supplementation & food fortification of staple foods with minerals are two ways that can be used to track the issue of proper nutrition safety. However, fortified and dietary supplements are also not possible or cost-effective for iodine, particularly iron. To treat micronutrient deficiencies, genetic biofortification of crops has recently developed as a self-targeted and non-recurrent strategy. Because there wasn't enough genetic variation in the crossable gene pools, most traditional breeding methods were limited. Furthermore, it lacks the micronutrient and iodine accumulation-related modulation of target gene expression. At this point, genetic engineering-based food biofortification appears to be a potential strategy to solve hidden hunger, particularly in areas where breeding is difficult due to a scarcity of genetic diversity. If there is insufficient genetic variability and fixable major gene effects, genetic engineering will be a viable option for enhancing micronutrients at targeted levels. Transgenic technologies are one method that can be used to improve genotypes by changing specific metabolic pathways with different genes.
Assessment of Patient Satisfaction with the Standards of Providing Outpatient Medical Record Services Batara Guru Belopa Regional General Hospital Luwu Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia
Authors: Thabran Talib Muhammad , Nofianti Nofianti , Jayadie Ahmad
Published: February 2023

Background, Patient satisfaction is a level of feeling that arises as a result of the performance of health services obtained after comparing and feeling services with very high expectations. The objective is a picture of patient satisfaction with the standards for providing outpatient medical record services at the Batara Guru Belopa Luwu Regional General Hospital, South Sulawesi. Method, descriptive with a quantitative approach, the sample technique used is Simple Random Sampling with a  sample size in this study of 200 respondents, data collection was carried out with a questionnaire. The results, the results of the consumer satisfaction assessment showed that part of the satisfaction of the service of providing outpatient medical records showed this with the statements of respondents with Responsive according to 64.5%, Assurance according to 70.5%, Tangible according to 65.5%, Empathy according  to 69.5% and Realiability    corresponding 64.5%. Standard provision of outpatient medical record services with exact assessments of 49.5% and more 50.5%. The discussion is that the provision of outpatient medical record services on the assessment of patient satisfaction is included in the appropriate assessment. Suggestions, to be able to provide patient medical record services, efforts are made to increase cooperation that can be outlined in work procedures.
Læremidler i det praktisk-musiske fag madkundskab
Authors: Rasmussen Ditte
Published: February 2023

Artiklen fremhæver, hvilke kompetencer udvælgelse og anvendelse af læremidler til folkeskolefaget madkundskab kræver af lærere. Undersøgelsen indeholder to kvalitative analyser af læremidlet ’Mid- delhavets lækkerbiskner’ fra Clio-Online (Lindkvist, 2017) ud fra Thomas Illum Hansens og Keld Skovmands ’Læremiddeltrekant’(2011). Den ene analyse er baseret på interviewudtalelser fra en lærer vedrørende hendes udvælgelse af læremidlet. Den anden analyse er foretaget af lærer og cand.pæd., Ditte J. Rasmussen, og afdækker didaktisk sammenhæng i læremidlet og krav til kompetencer for anvendelse heraf. I metaanalysen sammenholdes, hvilke af Erling Lars Dales tre kompetenceniveauer, analyserne fremhæver, der kræves af læreren. Det konkluderes, at lærere i deres udvælgelse og anvendelse af læremidler i højere grad anvender kompetencer relateret til afviklingen af den konkrete undervisning, end til planlægningen heraf eller didaktisk reﬂektion over læremidlerne. Den optimale anvendelse af didaktiske læremidler kræver dog, at læreren har og anvender kompetencer fra alle tre af Dales kompetenceniveauer.
La imagen femenina en las revistas: análisis de la diversidad e inclusividad en la publicidad y el tratamiento informativo de las marcas de moda
Authors: Tórtola Moret Ana , Paricio Esteban Mª Pilar , Puchalt López María
Published: February 2023

El sector de la moda presenta sus colecciones y artículos a través de cuerpos femeninos que actúan como soporte y altavoz para la sociedad mediante el uso de los medios de comunicación, principalmente las revistas femeninas. En este sentido, la publicidad ha utilizado el cuerpo femenino durante décadas como un reclamo comercial y, aunque se observa una evolución impulsada por las demandas de las nuevas generaciones, se sigue utilizando de forma mayoritaria modelos que contribuyen a alimentar una imagen inexacta de la mujer, reforzando estereotipos y potenciando ciertos cánones de belleza. El objeto de estudio de la presente investigación se basa en analizar la diversidad e inclusividad femenina en la publicidad y el tratamiento informativo de las marcas de moda en las revistas especializadas vinculados a sus políticas de Responsabilidad Social Corporativa. Para ello se ha realizado un análisis de contenido de tipo categorial de 216 unidades de análisis con 15 variables. El análisis de los resultados muestra la falta de un compromiso real con la diversidad y la inclusividad en la publicidad y el tratamiento informativo de la moda en las revistas como parte de la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa de las marcas.
The "Apollo" Magazine as the Field of the Last Battle of Symbolist Manifestos
Authors: Riabchenko-Shats Valeriia Dmitrievna
Published: February 2023

The magazine "Apollo" completes a number of symbolist magazines of the Silver Age and in a sense sums up the intensive artistic life of the late XIX – early XX century. Its pages captured the rapid and multidirectional artistic discourse of the turn-of-the-century era, which was analyzed in the article with the help of discourse analysis. Aesthetic manifestos published on the pages of the art magazine "Apollo" were chosen as the subject of this research, the object of the work was the evolution of aesthetic and philosophical ideas in "Apollo". The content analysis of the journal's materials allowed us to study the development of the ideas of symbolism and acmeism within the framework of the editorial program of Apollo, which was the purpose of this work. The magazine "Apollo" is traditionally perceived as a magazine that promoted the ideas of Acmeism, however, the analysis of published materials shows that an acute symbolist controversy unfolded on the pages of "Apollo" in the early 1910s. In addition, the study demonstrates that the ideas of Acmeism were very heterogeneous and did not receive the support of many members of the editorial board, who believed that Acmeism had not formed into a full-blooded literary phenomenon. The results of the research can contribute to theoretical knowledge about the "Apollo" magazine and the history of Russian journalism, as well as the history of the development of the ideas of symbolism and acmeism.
Badiucao: Caricature as a Form of Protest against Chinese Policy
Authors: Popova Anastasiia , Shtennikova Daria Vitalevna
Published: February 2023

The object of the research is the political caricatures of the famous Chinese artist Badiucao (巴丢草). The authors used content analysis of a wide range of visual sources, primarily the artist's personal website, the first publications of caricatures on the Twitter, as well as comparative analysis to reveal the artistic features of the works. The main attention was paid to the biography of the artist as it defines his style and the way he depicts political events or politicians. The caricatures were analyzed in accordance to their main characteristics, formal stylistic qualities, iconographic features and thus their symbolic meaning were identified. It is important that there are a large number of publications abroad devoted to the artist and his works, while in China his art is subjected to strict censorship. There are almost no mentions of him on the chinese Internet. In Russia, the name of the cartoonist is practically unknown, which is the novelty of this study for both cultural studies and russian Sinology. The obvious conclusion of the research is that Badiucao is challenging the censorship and dictatorship of the PRC with his art. His caricatures are his main and strongest weapon in this confrontation. Using a wide range of artistic techniques and color palette, he talks about current events, not allowing to forget the sins of the past, demanding not only an apology for political mistakes, but a change in the attitude of the government towards the people of the two coasts – China and Taiwan.
The Legal Nature of Behavioral Supervision of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.
Authors: Litovko Andrei Sergeevich
Published: February 2023

The subject of this study is the norms of Russian financial legislation and scientific sources containing information that allows to determine the legal nature (legal essence) of the Bank of Russia's activities on supervision of the behavior of participants in the financial market of the Russian Federation. The object of the study is the social relations that arise during the implementation of banking supervision and behavioral supervision of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. The author examines in detail the concept of the legal nature of behavioral supervision of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, establishes an analogy with the legal nature of banking supervision, and also analyzes the control and supervisory state activities. Particular attention is paid to the concepts of the phenomenon under study that have developed in science during the period of supervision by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. The main conclusions of the study are generalizations of the prevailing views on the legal nature of behavioral supervision of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author is one of the few attempts to define the concept of behavioral supervision, its subject and object. Additionally, he draws attention to the fact that the current model of supervision over the behavior of financial market entities is not as formalized as the system of banking supervision, due to the objective impossibility of regulating dynamically developing relations. At the same time, it is determined that the characteristic features of behavioral supervision are the subject composition, which is characterized by the participation of the consumer of financial services, in this regard, it is concluded that behavioral supervision is the supervision of compliance with the rights of consumers of financial services, but at the same time attention is drawn to the fact that behavioral supervision can act as a continuation of banking supervision. The author notes that this classification directly depends on the purpose of supervisory measures, for example, checking a credit institution or considering a complaint from a consumer of financial services.
Integration of English Language Borrowings and Neologisms into Different Structured Languages (Based on the Material of Lexical Units of the Coronavirus Period)
Authors: Todosienko Zarrina  Vladislavovna , Bryleva Roza Filaritovna , Mingazetdinova Rimma Flyurovna
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the latest word formations in different structured languages that appeared in the information Internet space during the coronavirus pandemic. Lexical units of Russian-, French- and English-language news resources are considered. In the process of analysis, the authors apply the methodology of classification of models of neologisms and borrowings and identify the degree of their integration in the recipient language. Various ways of forming new lexical units with the help of numerous word-forming operations are also studied and their complex morphological structure is revealed. The authors investigate the prerequisites for the emergence of neologisms in English, as well as English borrowings in Russian and French using examples from various news sources. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it is the first attempt to make a comparative study of borrowings and models of integration of the latest English borrowings in Russian and French Internet information sources, and also studies the specifics of the mechanism of adaptation of neologisms in the English-language information system. The word-formation methods of the formation of the newest lexical units are studied in detail, their complex structure is confirmed. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that most lexical units have a complex morphological structure, arrive in the status of mastering the recipient language. It is also found that the integration of borrowed vocabulary in a language is a long-term process, as a result of which one state of the lexical stock is replaced by another.
Research on elastodynamic theory based on the framework of energy conservation
Authors: Wang Xiu-Ming , Zhou Yin-Qiu ,   National Lab. of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics in Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   School of Physics Sciences, the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100149, China,   Beijing Engineering Research Center for Offshore Drilling Exploration and Measurement, Beijing 100190, China
Published: February 2023

Based on the analysis of establishing dynamic equations by using Newton's mechanics, Lagrange's, and Hamilton's mechanics, a new idea of establishing elastodynamic equations under the framework of energy conservation is proposed. Firstly, Newton’s second law is used to derive wave equations of motion. Secondly, Lagrange's equation, Hamilton's canonical equations, and the corresponding dynamical equations in a continuum medium are derived by using Hamilton’s variational principle. Thirdly, under the framework of energy conservation, Lagrange's equation, Hamilton's canonical equations, and the acoustic dynamic equations of the continuum are established, and the results are proved to be consistent with those derived from classical mechanics. Some fuzzy understandings when using Hamilton's variational principle to establish Lagrange’s equation and Hamilton’s canonical equation, are clarified. A series of dynamical equations established under the framework of energy conservation provides an alternative way to characterize and represent the propagation characteristics of wave motions in various complex media without involving the variational principle of functional extremum. Finally, as an application example, the differential equation of elastodynamics in a viscoelastic medium is given under the framework of energy conservation.
Sharing entanglement of the Werner state by arbitrarily many independent observers
Authors: Yu Xin-Miao , Yang Shu-Yuan , He Kan ,   Department of Mathematics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Published: February 2023

The problem of sharing quantum correlations is an interesting problem in the study of quantum information theory. Silva et al. proposed the study of sharing quantum nonlocality at first. They studied the fundamental limits on nonlocality, asking whether a single pair of entangled qubits could generate a long sequence of nonlocal correlations. At the same time, the sequential scenario was also introduced first, in which Alice and Bob each have half of a pair of entangled qubit states. The first Bob measures his half and then passes his part to a second Bob who measures again and so on. Obviously, even partial preservation of entanglement in a shared state in spite of a few sequences of local operations performed by the sharing parties can be important for information processing schemes in which entanglement is utilized as a resource. Thus, the problem of sharing quantum entanglement has also been extensively investigated. Recently, Srivastava et al. proved that there exist a class of T-states whose entanglement can be shared by arbitrarily many independent observers in [Phys. Rev. A 2022 105 062413]. Here, we want to find whether there are other entangled states that can be shared entanglement arbitrarily many times. In this paper, we consider the problem of sharing quantum entanglement when the initial shared state is a two-qubit entangled Werner state. The goal is to maximize the number of Bobs that can share entanglement with a single Alice. By suitably choosing the entanglement witness operator and the unsharp measurement settings by the Bobs, we prove that there exist two-qubit entangled initial shared Werner states whose entanglement can be detected by arbitrarily many sequential observers Bobs with a single Alice. Then, we also consider the special case of the Werner state, that is, the maximally entangled state as the initial shared state. In this case, its entanglement can also be witnessed arbitrarily many times, and the number of Bobs increases with the decrease of parameter.
Mesenchymal stem cell suppresses the efficacy of CAR-T toward killing lymphoma cells by modulating the microenvironment through stanniocalcin-1
Authors: Zhang Rui , Liu Qingxi , Zhou Sa , He Hongpeng , Zhao Mingfeng , Ma Wenjian
Published: February 2023

Stem cells play critical roles both in the development of cancer and therapy resistance. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can actively migrate to tumor sites, their impact on chimeric antigen receptor modified T cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy has been little addressed. Using an in vitro cell co-culture model including lymphoma cells and macrophages, here we report that CAR-T cell-mediated cytotoxicity was significantly inhibited in the presence of MSCs. MSCs caused an increase of CD4+ T cells and Treg cells but a decrease of CD8+ T cells. In addition, MSCs stimulated the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and programmed cell death-ligand 1 which contributes to the immune-suppressive function of tumors. Moreover, MSCs suppressed key components of the NLRP3 inflammasome by modulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species release. Interestingly, all these suppressive events hindering CAR-T efficacy could be abrogated if the stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) gene, which encodes the glycoprotein hormone STC-1, was knockdown in MSC. Using xenograft mice, we confirmed that CAR-T function could also be inhibited by MSC in vivo, and STC1 played a critical role. These data revealed a novel function of MSC and STC-1 in suppressing CAR-T efficacy, which should be considered in cancer therapy and may also have potential applications in controlling the toxicity arising from the excessive immune response.
The landscape of antibody binding affinity in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 evolution
Authors: Moulana Alief , Dupic Thomas , Phillips Angela M , Chang Jeffrey , Roffler Anne A , Greaney Allison J , Starr Tyler N , Bloom Jesse D , Desai Michael M
Published: February 2023

The Omicron BA.1 variant of SARS-CoV-2 escapes convalescent sera and monoclonal antibodies that are effective against earlier strains of the virus. This immune evasion is largely a consequence of mutations in the BA.1 receptor binding domain (RBD), the major antigenic target of SARS-CoV-2. Previous studies have identified several key RBD mutations leading to escape from most antibodies. However, little is known about how these escape mutations interact with each other and with other mutations in the RBD. Here, we systematically map these interactions by measuring the binding affinity of all possible combinations of these 15 RBD mutations (215=32,768 genotypes) to 4 monoclonal antibodies (LY-CoV016, LY-CoV555, REGN10987, and S309) with distinct epitopes. We find that BA.1 can lose affinity to diverse antibodies by acquiring a few large-effect mutations and can reduce affinity to others through several small-effect mutations. However, our results also reveal alternative pathways to antibody escape that does not include every large-effect mutation. Moreover, epistatic interactions are shown to constrain affinity decline in S309 but only modestly shape the affinity landscapes of other antibodies. Together with previous work on the ACE2 affinity landscape, our results suggest that the escape of each antibody is mediated by distinct groups of mutations, whose deleterious effects on ACE2 affinity are compensated by another distinct group of mutations (most notably Q498R and N501Y).
FUS regulates RAN translation through modulating the G-quadruplex structure of GGGGCC repeat RNA in C9orf72-linked ALS/FTD
Authors: Fujino Yuzo , Ueyama Morio , Ishiguro Taro , Ozawa Daisaku , Ito Hayato , Sugiki Toshihiko , Murata Asako , Ishiguro Akira , Gendron Tania , Mori Kohji , Tokuda Eiichi , Taminato Tomoya , Konno Takuya , Koyama Akihide , Kawabe Yuya , Takeuchi Toshihide , Furukawa Yoshiaki , Fujiwara Toshimichi , Ikeda Manabu , Mizuno Toshiki , Mochizuki Hideki , Mizusawa Hidehiro , Wada Keiji , Ishikawa Kinya , Onodera Osamu , Nakatani Kazuhiko , Petrucelli Leonard , Taguchi Hideki , Nagai Yoshitaka
Published: February 2023

Abnormal expansions of GGGGCC repeat sequence in the noncoding region of the C9orf72 gene is the most common cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (C9-ALS/FTD). The expanded repeat sequence is translated into dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs) by noncanonical repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation. Since DPRs play central roles in the pathogenesis of C9-ALS/FTD, we here investigate the regulatory mechanisms of RAN translation, focusing on the effects of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) targeting GGGGCC repeat RNAs. Using C9-ALS/FTD model flies, we demonstrated that the ALS/FTD-linked RBP FUS suppresses RAN translation and neurodegeneration in an RNA-binding activity-dependent manner. Moreover, we found that FUS directly binds to and modulates the G-quadruplex structure of GGGGCC repeat RNA as an RNA chaperone, resulting in the suppression of RAN translation in vitro. These results reveal a previously unrecognized regulatory mechanism of RAN translation by G-quadruplex-targeting RBPs, providing therapeutic insights for C9-ALS/FTD and other repeat expansion diseases.
Opto-RhoGEFs: an optimized optogenetic toolbox to reversibly control Rho GTPase activity on a global to subcellular scale, enabling precise control over vascular endothelial barrier strength
Authors: Mahlandt Eike K. , Martínez Sebastián Palacios , Arts Janine J. G. , Tol Simon , van Buul Jaap D. , Goedhart Joachim
Published: February 2023

The inner layer of blood vessels consists of endothelial cells, which form the physical barrier between blood and tissue. This vascular barrier is tightly regulated to allow the passage of essential molecules like oxygen, carbon-dioxide, water, ions, and nutrients. The vascular endothelial barrier is defined by cell-cell contacts through adherens and tight junctions. To further investigate the signaling in the endothelium that regulates vascular barrier strength, we focused on Rho GTPases, regulators of the actin cytoskeleton and known to control junction integrity. Rho GTPase signaling is confined in space and time. To manipulate the signaling in a temporal and spatial manner we applied optogenetics. Guanine exchange factor (GEF) domains from ITSN1, TIAM1 and p63RhoGEF, activating Cdc42, Rac and Rho respectively, were integrated into the optogenetic recruitment tool iLID. This tool allows for activation at the subcellular level in a reversible and non-invasive manner and thereby to recruit a GEF to local areas at the plasma membrane, enabling the local activation of specific Rho GTPases. The membrane tag of iLID was optimized and a HaloTag was applied to gain more flexibility for multiplex imaging. The resulting Opto-RhoGEFs were tested in an endothelial cell monolayer and demonstrated precise temporal control of vascular barrier strength by a cell-cell overlap-dependent, VE-cadherin-independent, mechanism. Furthermore, Opto-RhoGEFs enabled precise optogenetic control in endothelial cells over morphological features such as cell-size, -roundness, local extension, and cell contraction. In conclusion, we have optimized and applied the optogenetic iLID GEF recruitment tool i.e. Opto-RhoGEFs, to study the role of Rho GTPases in the vascular barrier of the endothelium and found that membrane protrusions at the junction region can rapidly increase barrier integrity independent of VE-cadherin.
Influence of the Assembly Method of Medium Voltage Mechanical Connectors on the Quality of the Electrical Connection
Authors: Aganbegović Mirnes , Reinhold Christian , Markgraf Volker , Schell Ralf
Published: February 2023

Power cables are connected with ferrules or lugs in the area of high, medium and low voltage. Nowadays, there are two main installing techniques, which are state of the art: compression or crimping and bolted mechanical connections. The bolted mechanical connectors are installed by hand with the use of a mechanical wrench. The customer demand of using impact wrenches (IW) is growing because of the higher installation comfort. However, these techniques differ from each other significantly as the quality of the connection depends on the screwing force applied by the bolt to the conductor. Therefore, a new approach by using a cordless screwdriver was investigated. This contribution addresses the topic of the quality of the electrical connection as a function of the assembly method used on mechanical connectors. In particular, the focus is on assembly by hand with the support of mechanical wrenches and assembly with impact wrenches. Furthermore, a method is presented that combines the advantages of both methods, whereby the disadvantages are eliminated. This involves the use of an adapter, the torque amplifier, which is part of the installation philosophy of Nexans Power Accessories. First, the fundamentals as well as the current state of the art of connection technology are presented. This is followed by a description of the assembly methods and materials used in this work and a comparison of the electrical, mechanical and thermal properties according to IEC 61238 of the connection using the different assembly techniques. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages are compared and presented and discussed using tabular and graphical representations.
IOS “Voice Memo” Audio Files Originality Authentication
Authors: Wei Yongxue , Ding Yi , Zhang Siyuan , Pan Guihao , Jiang Tianqi
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we modify the audio files recorded by IOS “Voice Memo” by cutting and erasing them in the software, and use various software and websites to authenticate the audio files originality by taking the method of graphical analysis and metadata feature analysis of the files. By comparison, we find out the differences of the original and modified audio files and the general method of judging the originality of audio files. The results of the experiments show that the audio files generated by the IOS system's own voice memo are in M4A format by default and that the audio files generated in the IOS system environment have the important feature of system version information encoding.
Identification and Characterization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Strains from the Roots and Rhizospheres of Tomato, Brinjal, Chilli and Onion
Authors: Banu Most. Bilkis , Mian Musharraf Hossain , Rahman M. Mazibur , Moslehuddin Abu Zofar Md. , Matin Mohammad Quamrul Islam
Published: February 2023

Rhizosphere soils and roots of two vegetables (tomato and brinjal) and two spices (chilli and onion) crops were collected from each of four Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZs) of Bangladesh viz. AEZ-9 (RARS, Jamalpur), AEZ-11 (RARS, Jashore), AEZ-25 (ARS, Bogura) and AEZ-28 (BARI, Joydebpur) in 2014-2015. Characterization and identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal strains were studied in the microbiology laboratory of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI). Different crops showed positive responses in percent root colonization such as 74.11-83.78%, 22.11-24.33%, 7.33-8.89%, and 6.67-9.33% in onion, tomato, chilli, and brinjal, respectively. Rhizosphere soil of individual crops had also variations in the number of spore populations such as 120.11-200.33, 33.44-50.78, 36.11-39.22, and 28.56-41.89 per 100g soil in onion, tomato, chilli, and brinjal, respectively.  Eleven AM strains were identified in tomatoes: Glomus geosporum, G. mosseae, G. fasciculatum, G. spp., Acaulospora dilatata, A. bireticulata, A. mellea, A. morrowiae, Entrophospora infrequens, Sclerocystis coremioides and Gigaspora margarita. Nine each were identified from other three crops. G. spp. and Acaulospora bireticulata were absent in brinjal and chilli. Acaulospora dilatata and A. mellea were absent in onion. The formation of AM structures was found inconsistent and fluctuating from site to site in the present study. Both oval and spherical-shaped vesicles were found among the AM structures.
The Effect of Long COVID Syndrome Degree Severity on the Quality of Life of COVID-19 Survivors Aged 15-64 Years Old at Gotong Royong Hospital, Surabaya
Authors: Fernandez Eric , Alexander Supit Paulus , Suwasanti Niluh
Published: February 2023

Aims: To analyze the effect of the severity of long COVID syndrome on the quality of life of COVID-19 survivors at the age of 15-64 years old.

Study Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Place and Duration of Study: Gotong Royong Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia between July to September 2022

Methodology: This study uses a cross-sectional design. The number of the samples used was 67 respondents who had been hospitalized at the Gotong Royong Hospital, Surabaya during the acute infection. The sampling technique in this study was simple purposive sampling. Samples were taken from medical record files in Gotong Royong Hospital, Surabaya. The statistical analysis used was Spearman’s correlation test with the sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The instruments used were the long COVID syndrome severity questionnaire (validity score between 0,000 and 0,02 and reliability score using coefficient Alpha Cronbach generate value α = 0,966) and the WHOQOL Bref questionnaire validity score between 0,390 and 0,798 and reliability score using coefficient Alpha Cronbach generate value α = 0,941).

Results: A significant effect was obtained between the severity of long COVID syndrome and the quality of life on the physical aspect, p = 0,000 (p<0,005) with correlation strength -0,918. A significant effect was obtained between the severity of long COVID syndrome and the quality of life on the mental aspect, p = 0,000 (p<0,005) with correlation strength -0,947. A significant effect was obtained between the severity of long COVID syndrome and the quality of life on the social aspect, p = 0,000 (p<0,005) with correlation strength -0,949.

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the degree of severity of long COVID syndrome and the quality of life of COVID-19 survivors at the age of 15-64 years old in three domains, that are physical, mental, and social aspects.
Numerical Study of Natural Solutal Convection in an Isoscele Trapezoidal Cavity
Authors: Koffi Apédanou Gagnon , N’wuitcha Kokou , Laré Yendoubé , Napo Kossi
Published: February 2023

A numerical study of the natural heat and mass transfer in a cavity with a straight isoscele cross-section containing air is made in this paper. The two inclined side walls are kept in natural convection with the surrounding environment. The upper horizontal wall is subjected to a heat flux of constant density, while the lower one is adiabatic. Under the Boussinesq assumption, the thermodynamic conditions are numerically studied using the unsteady convection equations formulated as a secondary variable of vorticity and a stream function, energy and moisture. The system of equations discretised by the implicit finite difference method is solved by the Thomas algorithm. The results show a flow structure, isotherms and isohumidities dependent on the study parameters. Thus, on one hand, an increase in the inclination angle of the walls is accompanied by an increase in the velocity of the fluid. On the other hand, an increase in the aspect ratio or Lewis number leads to a decrease in the fluid’s velocity. The average Nusselt number, which is independent of the Rayleigh number, increases slightly as the inclination angle of the walls decreases. The increase of the Lewis number results in the decrease of the flow velocity components values. It is observed that the maxima values of velocity components were reached for Rayleigh number equal to 7.103.
An Evaluation of Organic and Conventional Cotton Production in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Dhunde A. D. , Naik V. G. , Malve D. B. , Kadam J. R. , Dhekale J. S. , Torane S. R. , Sundaramoorthy C.
Published: February 2023

Cotton is the most important commercial crop playing key role in economic and social affairs of the world. It is backbone of our textile industry. In the present study efforts have been made to study the cost, returns, profitability of organic and conventional cotton. The primary data required for the study were collected during year 2021-22 from 320 cotton growers covering 4 districts of Maharashtra. Simple statistical tools like averages and percentages were used in analysing the collected data and standard cost concepts was used for analysis. The result of the study revealed that, the per hectare cost of cultivation of conventional cotton were maximum in Wardha (Rs.83575), gross returns were maximum in Yavatmal (Rs.135096) and net returns (Rs.61844) with net returns on per rupees invested at total cost (Rs. 1.84) were maximum in Yavatmal. Thus, it was found that cotton cultivation was most remunerative farming in study area. Whereas, in Aurangabad it was found to be less remunerative among all the district in study area. The per hectare cost of cultivation in Aurangabad district were Rs.79958, gross returns was Rs.108176 and net returns was Rs.28218 with net returns on per rupees invested at total cost Rs. 1.35 which was comparatively lower than other districts. The per hectare cost of cultivation of organic cotton were maximum in Aurangabad (Rs.65652), gross returns (Rs.127652) and net returns (Rs.62000) with net returns on per rupees invested at total cost (Rs. 1.94). It was observed to be most remunerative farming in study area. Whereas, in Yavatmal it was found to be less remunerative among all the district in study area. The per hectare cost of cultivation was Rs.63427, gross returns were Rs.114997 and net returns was Rs.51569 with net returns on per rupees invested at total cost Rs. 1.81 which was comparatively lower than other districts. Organic agriculture thus potentially provides means of addressing both human and environmental predicaments. It shows several benefits, as it reduces many of the environmental impacts of conventional agriculture, it reduces reliance on costly external inputs, and guarantees price premiums for organic produce.
Level of 14-3-3 (Eta) Protein in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Abdelnaser Awad Shimaa , Yousef Ahmed Amira , Abd El Sattar El Sergany Mervat , El Morsy El Sayed Salwa
Published: February 2023

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder that affects synovial membrane 14-3-3η (eta) is a novel protein marker showing potential in predicting radiographic deterioration in early and established RA. The goal of this work was to estimate serum level of 14-3-3 (eta) protein in early and established RA cases and its association with disease activity.

Methods: This study was carried out on 50 RA cases and 25 apparently healthy volunteers. The RA cases were classified into group A: 25 cases with early RA (diagnosed within the first three years from the onset of the disease), group B: twenty-five cases with established RA (diagnosed for more than three years of the disease) and group (C) control group: 25 apparently healthy volunteers. All cases were subjected to measurements of. erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR) -1st hr -2nd hr, anti-cyclic citrullinated protein antibody (Anti-CCP), and of 14-3-3 eta protein and its association with disease activity. Radiological assessment by sharp/van der hedje scored (SHS), pain was estimated by visual analogue scale (VAS) and disease activity by DAS 28.

Results: There is positive association between serum 14-3-3 eta ptn level and all the clinical data (DAS 28, MHAQ, number of tender joints, number of swollen joints and VAS) in both groups (A and B). There is positive association between 14-3-3η ptn and the radiological score in   group (A and B).

Conclusions: 14-3-3 eta protein is higher in RA cases' serum than that of healthy controls. Adding this test to either RF or both RF and ACPA improved their diagnostic capability for RA. Predicting radiographic deterioration in early and established RA shows promise. Up - regulation of 14-3-3 proteins are linked to adverse consequences. in RA cases.
Evaluation of access and welcoming at the center of psychosocial attention / Avaliação do acesso e acolhimento no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial
Authors: Eslabão Adriane Domingues , Pinho Leandro Barbosa de , Yasui Silvio , Wetzel Christine , Santos Elitiele Ortiz dos , Silva Aline Basso da
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: avaliar o acesso do usuário a partir do processo de acolhimento em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Método: estudo qualitativo do tipo estudo de caso, baseado na Avaliação de Quarta Geração. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2019, através dos métodos de análise documental, observação participante e entrevistas baseadas no Círculo Hermenêutico-Dialético. Participaram da pesquisa dez usuários, dez familiares e nove profissionais do serviço. Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizado o Método Comparativo Constante. Resultados: o serviço presta acolhimentos resolutivos e rápidos, podendo diminuir as internações psiquiátricas. Identificou a necessidade de rompimento de ações ambulatoriais no serviço, a revisão do processo de acolhimento e acesso dos usuários no CAPS e a implantação de espaços de educação permanente. Conclusão: as contribuições desta pesquisa podem subsidiar trabalhadores e gestores a diminuir as barreiras no acesso e a efetivar o cuidado em serviços especializados e estratégicos como o CAPS.
Evaluation of Prices for Surgical Procedures Within and Outside Hospital Networks in the US
Authors: Mullens Cody Lendon , Mead Mitchell , Kalata Stanley , Nathan Hari , Ibrahim Andrew M.
Published: February 2023

This economic evaluation examines variations in prices for surgical procedures under the Hospital Price Transparency Rule at hospitals within and outside hospital networks in the US.
Changes in the Rate of Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 Seropositivity During the COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Handel Adam E. , Palace Jacqueline , Bateman Elizabeth , Waters Patrick , Irani Sarosh R.
Published: February 2023

This case-control study investigates the positivity rates of the most prevalent neuroglial surface antibodies during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Pellino‐2 variant is associated with constitutive NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a family with ocular pterygium–digital keloid dysplasia
Authors: Cristea Ileana , Abarca Hugo , Christensen Mellgren Anne E. , Trubnykova Milana , Mehrasa Roya , Peters Dorien J. M. , Houge Gunnar , Hennekam Raoul C. M. , Rødahl Eyvind , Bruland Ove , Bredrup Cecilie
Published: February 2023

Ocular pterygium–digital keloid dysplasia (OPDKD) is a rare hereditary disease characterized by corneal ingrowth of vascularized conjunctival tissue early in life. Later, patients develop keloids on fingers and toes but are otherwise healthy. In a recently described family with OPDKD, we report the presence of a de novo c.770C > T, p.(Thr257Ile) variant in PELI2 in the affected individual. PELI2 encodes for the E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino‐2. In transgenic U87MG cells overexpressing Pellino‐2 with the p.(Thr257Ile) amino acid substitution, constitutive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome was observed. However, the Thr257Ile variant did not affect Pellino‐2 intracellular localization, its binding to known interaction partners, nor its stability. Our findings indicate that constitutive autoactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the development of PELI2‐associated OPDKD.
Enigmatic Apiogalacturonans – What Do We Know About This Group of Pectic Polysaccharides?
Authors: Pfeifer Lukas
Published: February 2023

The plant cell wall consists of various polysaccharide groups contributing to its functions both structurally and physiologically. Within the most complex group of cell wall polysaccharides, the pectins, one subgroup contains the unusual branched‐chain pentose apiose as major decorating sugar. That polysaccharide, named apiogalacturonan, was first described in the 1960s and subsequent studies tried to resolve different aspects such as structure, biosynthesis, and function. One aspect of the research was its taxonomical distribution, which seemed to be restricted to only a few genera within the whole plant kingdom. The physiological reason for that as well as the genetic background is currently unknown. Some progress was achieved during the last years in shedding more light on the biosynthesis of the activated sugar but to a fundamental understanding of apiogalacturonan biosynthesis much more work is to be done. The aim of this article is to present the different aspects of the performed research studies, to draw conclusions for the current state of research, and to propose future directions to further extend the knowledge on these unusual macromolecules.
Synchronization of reaction‐diffusion neural networks with distributed delay via quantized boundary control
Authors: Zhang Chuan , Xiang Han , Zhang Xianfu , Guo Yingxin , Zhang Hao
Published: February 2023

This paper investigates the synchronization of reaction‐diffusion neural networks (RDNNs) with distributed delay via quantized boundary control. To reduce the communication burden, a novel control strategy combined boundary control and logarithmic quantizer is proposed, and two controllers respectively subject to constant and adaptive coefficients are carried out. Worth mentioning that the adaptive feedback gain is a matrix in this paper rather than a one‐dimensional variable in most of the existing literatures. Using the Lyapunov functional, the sufficient conditions for delay‐dependent synchronization are obtained through linear matrix inequalities. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is illustrated via two examples.
Self‐Thermophoretic Nanoparticles Enhance Intestinal Mucus Penetration and Reduce Pathogenic Bacteria Interception in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Zhi‐Hao , Huang Wanting , Zhang Shuhao , Chu Mengyu , Yin Na , Zhu Chaoran , Zhang Zhenzhong , Shi Jinjin , Liu Junjie
Published: February 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer incidence worldwide. Oral drug delivery systems (ODDS) have shown great promise for CRC therapy, but the delivery efficiency is still challenged by the dense intestinal mucus barrier and nonspecific interception of abnormally proliferated pathogenic bacteria. Herein, self‐thermophoretic nanoparticles (CTPB) is presented to enhance intestinal mucus penetration and reduce pathogenic bacteria interception in CRC for efficient drug delivery. The nanoplatform introduces hollow mesoporous copper sulfide and is asymmetrically sprayed with titanium dioxide as the self‐thermophoretic matrix. Based on the close relationship between pathogenic bacteria and CRC, the nanoplatform is camouflaged by the biomimetic membrane of Staphylococcus aureus to precisely anchor in the intestinal segment of CRC. After near‐infrared laser irradiation, CTPB can effectively increase the intestinal mucus penetration efficiency by 2.7 folds, and decrease the pathogenic bacterial interception by 3.5 folds via the self‐thermophoretic propulsion force. In orthotopic CRC‐bearing mice, CTPB vastly improved the drug delivery efficiency to CRC after oral administration, thus showing a 99.4% antitumor rate after three weeks of treatment, which provides new insight into oral drug delivery for CRC therapy.
2D Rhenium Dichalcogenides: From Fundamental Properties to Recent Advances in Photodetector Technology
Authors: Satheesh Preethu P , Jang Hyeon‐Sik , Pandit Bhishma , Chandramohan S. , Heo Keun
Published: February 2023

Van der Waals (vdW) materials of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) family with semiconducting properties are currently at the forefront of research in the field of optoelectronics. The ability to couple them with one another at atomic interface precision in a synergistic way opens up unprecedented opportunities to design photodetectors of broad spectral range with excellent figures of merits not accessible to discrete materials. Recent years have seen a surge of interest in group VII TMD materials (ReS2 and ReSe2) due to their strong optical response from bulk to monolayer and good ambient stability. Their band gap energies spanning over visible and near‐infrared ranges and the strong linear polarization sensitivity stemming from the distorted octahedral symmetry, are ideally suited for polarization‐sensitive photodetectors. This review aims at providing a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental properties, optical identification of various structural features, long‐debated question of band gap nature and interlayer coupling, and recent advances in the development of photodetectors based on ReS2, ReSe2, and their vdW heterostructures with other layered materials of practical importance. We critically review various conceptual device designs implemented based on band engineering, emphasize on the merits of these photodetectors and their potential applications, and provide an outlook for future prospects.
Temperature‐Triggered Dynamic Janus Fabrics for Smart Directional Water Transport
Authors: Yang Tiantian , Wang Shi , Yang Haoru , Gui Haoguan , Du Yi , Liang Fuxin
Published: February 2023

In this study, thermosensitive amino‐silica@PDVB/PNIPAM Janus particles (JPs) are synthesized by seed emulsion polymerization‐induced phase separation and selective modification methods. Amino‐modified silica moieties are covalently bonded to a diverse choice of substrates to achieve robust composite coatings, and a PDVB/PNIPAM abdomen forms a micro‐nano‐scale hierarchical surface. PNIPAM has a lower critical solution temperature (LCST), which allows the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the coating to reverse with a change in temperature. When the fabrics are coated with the thermosensitive Janus particles, water repellency is observed above 32 °C, while hydrophilicity is revealed below 32 °C. Then, after the composite fabric is worn, the side next to the skin becomes hydrophobic due to the high temperature, and the side facing the environment is hydrophilic. Therefore, sweat can be pumped from the hydrophobic side to the hydrophilic side through the dynamic Janus fabric. The dynamic hydrophobic–hydrophilic Janus structure enables the efficient and fast evaporation of sweat. The perspiration rate of Janus fabrics is five times higher than that of commercial cotton fabrics. While the wettability of the composite coating remains reversible after 20 temperature cycles and 20 tape adhesion cycles, showing good mechanical durability. The reversible thermal sensitivity remains after repeated rubbing and ultrasonic immersion.