bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Analysis of Caffeine in Carbonated Beverages from the Bangladeshi Market Using Spectroscopy methods
Authors: - Dulal Krishna Saha , - Arif  Chowdhury Apou , - Mohammad Mamun Mia
Published: December 2024

This study explores the caffeine content in popular beverages using UV-visible spectroscopy as a cost-effective and accessible analytical method. Caffeine, a naturally occurring alkaloid, is widely consumed for its central nervous system stimulant properties, with sources including coffee, tea, and energy drinks. The analysis involved caffeine extraction using dichloromethane, followed by UV spectroscopy measurement at 260 nm, demonstrating a strong linear relationship (R² > 0.99) between absorbance and concentration. Among the tested beverages, Red Bull exhibited the highest caffeine content per serving (52.5 mg), followed by Nescafe (45 mg) and Tiger (25.5 mg), while Coca-Cola and Mojo had the lowest levels (21 mg each). Comparative data from published sources confirmed variations in caffeine content, with Stings (160 mg) and Red Bull (80 mg) leading in published caffeine data. Statistical analysis revealed weak negative correlations between total sample volume and caffeine content per serving (-0.456, p = 0.185) and per milliliter (-0.426, p = 0.220), suggesting inconclusive relationships. The findings underscore the significance of consumer awareness and regulatory measures for caffeine labeling, particularly for high-caffeine products like energy drinks. This study highlights UV-visible spectroscopy as an effective alternative to more resource-intensive methods for caffeine quantification in beverages.
Socio-Economic Characteristics of Beneficiary and Non-Beneficiary Respondents in Mahanadi Basin, Chhattisgarh.
Authors: - Seraphinus Kispotta/Shilpa Lakra
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The present investigation entitled “A study on impact of Mahanadi reservoir canal irrigation system on socio-economic upliftment of farming community in Chhattisgarh’’ was conducted in Mahanadi reservoir canal irrigation system of Chhattisgarh state during the years 2017-18 and 2018-19. The methodology and the findings were culled out from the detailed study in the area.
The independent variables in the study were education, size of family, social participation, occupation, size of land holding, annual income, credit acquisition, cosmopolitans, level of aspiration, economic motivation, scientific orientation, adoption of modern agricultural practice, cropping intensity, irrigation timing for rice crop, no. of irrigation for rice crop, indirect benefit of canal irrigation and irrigation availability. Socio- economic status of farm families and productivity of major crop (rice) were considered as dependent variables for the study.
An Enhancement of Boyer-Moore Algorithm Using Hash Table
Authors: - John Michael M. Domingo , - Mark Dave C. Martin , - Vivien A. Agustin
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This study aims to enhance the Boyer-Moore algorithm by integrating hash tables to improve efficiency in handling large datasets and complex patterns. The enhancement addresses challenges of increased execution time and memory usage in text processing tasks.

Method
The proposed algorithm incorporates hash tables to optimize pattern preprocessing and matching, enabling faster data access and reducing redundant computations. Performance was evaluated by testing both the original and enhanced algorithms on datasets ranging from 100,000 to over 5 million characters.

Results
The enhanced algorithm demonstrated a 16.39% improvement in execution time, processing 5,289,118 characters in 1.64 seconds compared to 1.96 seconds for the original. Memory usage was also reduced by approximately 1,210 KB across dataset sizes, showcasing its scalability and resource efficiency.

Conclusion
The integration of hash-based structures into the Boyer-Moore algorithm significantly enhances its runtime and memory performance without compromising accuracy. These improvements make it highly suitable for real-time applications such as content moderation, search engines, and large-scale data analytics.

Recommendations
Future studies should explore hybrid algorithms, advanced data structures, and multilingual datasets to further optimize performance and validate adaptability.

Research Implications
The enhanced algorithm provides a robust solution for real-time text processing, supporting industries that rely on efficient, large-scale analytics.

Practical Implications
Industries such as data analytics and content moderation can adopt this algorithm to meet growing demands for scalable and efficient computational tools.

Social Implications
Improved text-processing efficiency supports faster, more accurate content moderation, fostering safer and more respectful online environments.
Learners’ Perceptions of Zimbabwe’s Heritage-based Advanced-level Curriculum: Gender Insights from Two Masvingo District Schools
Authors: - Adnos Chikomo , - Cosmas Maphosa , - Kudakwashe Mapetere
Published: December 2024

This article explores the gendered perceptions of Zimbabwean A-Level learners regarding the country’s updated A-Level curriculum – the Heritage-Based 2024-2030 Curriculum. The curriculum review process has undergone three phases to date, namely the Zero Draft Curriculum Framework 2013-2015; the Curriculum Framework for Primary and Secondary Education 2015-2022; and the Heritage-Based Education 2024- 2030 (Mandaza and Muchengeti, 2024). Informed by James Lull’s 2011 Theory of Gendered Hegemony (Dynes, 2020), the aim of this interpretive inquiry was to uncover qualitative insights that inform educational policy and practice for enhanced gender equity in the country’s high school system. Using a comparative case of two secondary schools, two Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 24 learners, that is, 12 from each of the two purposively selected schools of Masvingo District. For triangulation, a semi-structured qualitative interview was administered on each of 10 volunteering A-Level teachers from the participating schools. From the same two schools, the researcher also accessed class registers and records of marks for document analysis. As for the objectives, the study investigated the learners’ general perceptions of the curriculum, as well as specific viewpoints of A-Level girls and boys separately. Additionally, it explored the popularity and unpopularity of certain subjects among each gender and analysed potential factors influencing these perceptions. The findings highlight disparities in subject preferences and shed light on societal factors, media prompts and policy influences among other institutional forces shaping the learners’ educational experiences. This study recommends revising the curriculum regularly to offer a broader range of subject choices for both girls and boys; using inclusive language that represents both gender identities in the curriculum materials; providing teachers with regular training on gender sensitivity and bias reduction; as well as incorporating gender education into the curriculum to empower young people with the knowledge they need to promote gender justice.
Routing Analysis in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: - RAJEEV KUMAR , - MANISHA KUMARI DEEP
Published: December 2024

Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a critical process that enables sensor nodes to communicate with each other and transmit data to a central sink or base station. The role of intermediate nodes is to forward the message to the destination quickly and without any alteration. The entire process of forwarding a message from source to destination is called as routing.
Exploring Student Perceptions of Online Learning Amidst The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Investigation
Authors: - Dr. Shital S. Salve
Published: December 2024

This study explores university students' perceptions of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Indian context, focusing on their experiences, challenges, and perceived benefits. Employing a qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 42 undergraduate students from Delhi University. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes such as technological challenges, student engagement, and the effectiveness of online learning. The findings reveal that while students appreciated the flexibility and reduced costs associated with online learning, significant challenges related to internet connectivity, platform usability, and student motivation were prevalent. Additionally, students expressed concerns about the clarity of assessment criteria and the lack of feedback on assignments. Despite these challenges, many students recognized the advantages of online learning, including its flexibility and access to digital resources. The study highlights the need for improved digital infrastructure, more engaging pedagogical strategies, and clearer assessment frameworks to enhance online learning experiences. The findings contribute to the existing body of literature by filling a gap in understanding the unique challenges and opportunities faced by Indian students, offering valuable insights for policymakers and educators to develop more inclusive and effective online learning environments.
A Review on Therapeutic Applications of Chamomile
Authors: - Shreya Vijay Gulhane , - Khushi Sanjay Khankure , - Akanksha Gajanan Mattawar , - Trupti Amod Raut , - Avinash S. Jiddewar
Published: December 2024

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), a widely recognized medicinal herb from the Asteraceae family, is valued for its therapeutic applications. Known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anxiolytic properties, chamomile plays a significant role in traditional and modern medicine. Its chemical profile comprises essential oils, flavonoids, and terpenoids, which contribute to its pharmacological effects. This review highlights its potential benefits across various domains, including nervous system disorders, metabolic conditions, cardiovascular health, skin ailments, and its anticancer properties. Emphasis is laid on its bioactive components, including apigenin and bisabolol, which exhibit diverse mechanisms such as anti-proliferation, anti-inflammatory modulation, and antioxidant effects. . Chamomile remains a cornerstone in herbal medicine, offering promising therapeutic interventions for global health challenges.
Awareness of Pink Tax in India and Socioeconomic Implications
Authors: - Ishita Sharma
Published: December 2024

This paper examines Indian consumer awareness, knowledge, attitude, and behaviour regarding Pink Tax. Pink Tax means more costs on products sold to women compared to men.
It uses primary data collected through research to understand consumer awareness and behaviour and correlated analytics to assess demographic factors that affect the same. With the help of an experiment, we were able to identify gender-based pricing strategies prevalent in the market. We observed higher prices for women and tried to find the reasons behind such differences. With the help of hypothesis testing, we wanted to show how knowledge, behaviour, and attitude are exhibited by the selected population. In addition, the analysis is in line with the myth and shows that women are more aware of
the existence of the Pink Tax and have strong opinions and beliefs about the topic. Many consumers, male or female, young or old, look bad on Pink Tax. It is a marketing ploy that can be overlooked, but that should be stopped early
Integration between Laboratory Department and Nursing and Its Effect on Patients in Hospitals in Saudi Arabia
Authors: - Hussain Ali Hussain Albokhader , - Marwa Ibrahim Khlial Alsaleh , - Muntathir Ali Essa Almusharraf , - Wadha Hussain Mohmmed Almutawa
Published: December 2024

For all laboratory tests to proceed with high accuracy, the nursing department must be integrated with the laboratory to direct the nurses to draw samples by certain methods so the central venous catheter line of the patient will not be mixed up with the wrong line.
A Study on Green HRM - An Organisational Practices and Strategic Implementation
Authors: - O MAANVIZHI , - SUJITHA J
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Green HRM, or the integration of environmental management into human resource management (HRM), is becoming more and more necessary. The most common application of the term "green HR" is to describe how people management practices and policies support the larger business environmental objective. Of all the production inputs, human resources are the most valuable. However, human resource management oversees all organizational operations and is essential to the growth of any corporation.For most HRM professionals and scholars today, green resource management is a new idea. An organization's employees are always encouraged to go green by GHRM. A human resource principle and policy known as "green HRM" aims to promote sustainable management in businesses. The prime focus of this research paper is to to study the concept, significance benefits and limitations of green HRM. This research paper also focuses on how far it is helpful in contributing human and technical sustainability in the organization to the maximum extent and the implementation process of GHRM in companies.
Impact of Organizational Climate on Job Satisfaction and Work Motivation among University Teachers
Authors: - Dr. Rubi Singh
Published: December 2024

The two main objectives of the study were to investigate the relationship between organizational climate and work motivation, and to explore the relationship between organizational climate and job satisfaction. The sample of 100 university teachers using purposive sampling method was taken among which 50 were females and 50 were males. Tools used in this study were Organizational Climate Inventory (Som Nath Chattopadhyay and K.G. Agarwal, 1971), Work Motivation Questionnaire (K.G. Agarwal, 1971) and Job Satisfaction Scale (Dr. Amar Singh and Dr. T.R. Sharma). The data was coded and the test scores were obtained to summarize the data, through inferential and descriptive statistical techniques. The result showed the significant relationship between organizational climate and work motivation. Similarly, there is the significant relationship between organizational climate and job satisfaction.
Attitude of Higher Secondary Teacher’s Towards Value Education with Their Socio Cultural Context in West Bengal
Authors: - Uttam Mandal
Published: December 2024

Value education is such of education which is concerned with the development of the total personality of a child i.e. his intellectual, social, emotional, aesthetic, moral, spiritual and more over the all round development. Value education is always essential to shape one’s life and to give him an opportunity of performing himself on the global stage. In this context the main purpose of this study to find out the attitude of higher secondary teachers towards value education with their socio cultural context in West Bengal. The purpose of the study is to ascertain the values of secondary school teachers with special reference to their gender, locale and marital status. Keeping in view this chapter presents research design, method, sample, population, tools used, data collection, statistical techniques etc. The purpose of this study is to investigate the values of secondary school teachers. To serve this purpose, a descriptive survey and case study, mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative) was employed considering that it could help together liable and authentic information on the topic studied. Researcher framed three null hypotheses. The Independent Variables in this study are Gender and Locale and the dependent Variables in this study are teachers. The sample has been selected by using purposive sampling for the study. Total sample of 200 (Two hundred) school teachers district of Jhargram in West Bengal. Total sample is the following tool was used to collect the data-The (Schwartz) Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ). Hypothesis wise interpretation of the survey results is giver as under hypotheses testing and interpretation with t-test. Values are the guiding force which make the teachers effective and perform their duties in accordance with the norms of society. One of the major purposes of this study was to determine the teacher’s values of secondary school teachers in relation to gender, locale and their socio cultural context. This result has been discussed in the light of existing literature and general observations. It is suggested that the teachers should make use of certain techniques such as critical inquiry method, case study, role playing, value clarification technique, value analysis model etc to develop desirable values among the teachers. The same study may be extended to other state, districts, B.Ed, M.Ed, MBA, MCA, Diploma, Engineering and Medical colleges etc. Different other variables like socio-economic status, religion, caste etc. can be included.
Automating 5G Infrastructure Deployment for Smart City Applications: A Devops Approach to Urban Innovation
Authors: - Anil kumar Thimmapuram
Published: December 2024

This article comprehensively analyzes 5G infrastructure automation for smart city applications, focusing
on DevOps practices and their transformative impact on urban development. The article examines a
Verizon implementation case study demonstrating how automated deployment and management systems
revolutionize urban service delivery through enhanced mobile broadband, massive machine-type
communications, and ultra-reliable low-latency communications. The article explores the technical
infrastructure, including network architecture, IoT integration frameworks, and performance optimization
strategies that enable comprehensive urban monitoring and control systems. The implementation
showcases significant improvements in operational efficiency, resource utilization, and service delivery
while establishing a foundation for future smart city innovations through scalable and sustainable
infrastructure solutions.
Iterative Method For Blockchain-Based Qos-Aware Iov Network Using Ai-Driven Anomaly Detection And Dynamic Network Slicing
Authors: - Pranjali Ulhe , - Suresh Asole
Published: December 2024

The rapid deployment of 5G networks necessitates the development of secure, scalable, and efficient Internet of Vehicles (IoV) systems. Existing IoV solutions often struggle with real-time threat detection, scalability, efficient resource allocation, and privacy preservation. This work proposes an integrated framework leveraging blockchain technology, AI-driven anomaly detection, dynamic network slicing, and secure multi-party computations. We introduce AI-Driven Anomaly Detection and Mitigation (ADAM) to identify and respond to security threats in real-time. Utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), ADAM analyzes network traffic data to detect anomalies with a detection accuracy of 95%, a false positive rate of 2%, and an average response timestamp of 50 ms. To tackle scalability and latency issues inherent in traditional blockchain systems, we propose Edge-Based Blockchain Sharding (EBBS).The innovative use of a modified Proof-of-Stake (PoS) mechanism tailored for edge environments further enhances the scalability of the IoV system. AI-Enabled Dynamic Network Slicing (ADNS) is implemented to optimize resource allocation based on real-time traffic demands and QoS requirements. Finally, we incorporate Secure Multi-Party Computation for Collaborative Data Processing (SMPC-CDP) to enable secure, privacy-preserving data analysis among IoV entities ensuring privacy with a computation overhead of 20%, and data utility preservation of 95%.
बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों की बहुभाषी शिक्षा के प्रति अभिवृत्ति का अध्ययन
Authors: - Anjali , - Anil Kumar Nautiyal
Published: December 2024

शिक्षा एक गतिशील व सामाजिक प्रक्रिया है। प्रत्येक समाज शिक्षा के द्वारा ही ज्ञान का हस्तांतरण एक पीढ़ी से दूसरी पीढ़ी में करता है। शिक्षा समाज की संस्कृति की निरन्तरता को बनाए रखती है। शिक्षा के द्वारा ही बालक समाज के आधारभूत नियमों, परम्पराओं, प्रतिमानों एवं मूल्यों को सीखता है। इस विचार से शिक्षा एक संस्था के रूप में कार्य करती है। वर्तमान जाँच में लिंग, स्थानीयता और विषय वर्ग के आधार पर बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों का बहुभाषी शिक्षा के प्रति अभिवृत्ति का अध्ययन किया गया है। प्रस्तुत शोध अध्ययन में पौड़ी जिले के हेमवती नन्दन बहुगुणा गढ़वाल विश्वविद्यालय, श्रीनगर गढ़वाल में अध्ययनरत द्विवर्षीय बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों को जनसंख्या के रूप में लिया गया है, जिसमें शोधार्थिनी द्वारा 160 द्विवर्षीय बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों का चयन यादृच्छिक न्यादर्श चयन विधि के द्वारा किया गया है। इस शोध अध्ययन में वर्णात्मक शोध के अन्तर्गत सर्वेक्षण विधि का प्रयोग किया गया है। बहुभाषी शिक्षा के प्रति बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों के अभिवृत्ति के मापन हेतु शोधार्थिनी द्वारा स्वर्निमित उपकरण का निर्माण किया गया। शोध अध्ययन में उद्देश्यों एवं परिकल्पनाओं के आधार पर उपयुक्त वर्णात्मक एवं अनुमानित सांख्यिकी का प्रयोग किया गया, जिसके अर्न्तगत माध्य, मानक विचलन एवं टी-परीक्षण का प्रयोग किया गया। शोध अध्ययन के निष्कर्ष यह बताते हैं कि लिंग, स्थानीयता और विषय वर्ग के आधार पर बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों का बहुभाषी शिक्षा के प्रति अभिवृत्ति में कोई सार्थक अन्तर नहीं है। महिला बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों का पुरुष बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों की तुलना में अभिवृत्ति सकारात्मक पाया गया। वहीं, ग्रामीण क्षेत्र में निवास करने वाले बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों का शहरी क्षेत्र में निवास करने वाले बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों की तुलना में अभिवृत्ति सकारात्मक पाया गया। विज्ञान-वर्ग के बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों का कला-वर्ग के बी. एड. प्रशिक्षणार्थियों की तुलना में अभिवृत्ति सकारात्मक पाया गया।
Enhanced MacQueen's Algorithm for Identifying Diverse Crime Patterns in the City of Manila
Authors: - Arwin B. Tiangco , - Kim Emerson M. Tan , - Vivien A. Agustin
Published: December 2024

MacQueen’s algorithm is a variant of the k-means algorithm used to determine clusters. However, the algorithm has its limitations that impact its accuracy and efficiency, resulting in suboptimal clustering. This study aimed to enhance MacQueen’s algorithm for analyzing diverse crime patterns in the city of Manila by addressing these limitations using Isolation Forest for outliers, Adaptive K-Means++ for algorithm initialization, and Gap Statistics to determine the optimal number of clusters. Isolation Forest was employed to detect and remove outliers from the dataset, as they significantly impact clustering results. Adaptive K-Means++ improved the initialization process by optimizing the placement of initial centroids, reducing the sensitivity of the algorithm to poor starting conditions. Gap Statistics was utilized to determine the optimal number of clusters, greatly enhancing the algorithm’s accuracy. The enhanced MacQueen’s algorithm demonstrated a significant overall improvement in clustering performance, resulting in more accurate and distinct clusters. The proposed enhancements effectively addressed the limitations of the traditional MacQueen’s algorithm, improving its accuracy and efficiency. This makes the enhanced algorithm highly applicable to real-world problems involving clustering.
PGP Attributes of Non-rhizobial Bacterial Endophytes from Root Nodules of Wild Leguminous Plant Tephrosia Purpurea (L) Pers.
Authors: Vashistha Harshita , Kumar Prashant , Kumar Sandeep
Published: December 2024

Global agriculture practices rely heavily on the application of fungicides, pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. Several bacterial strains were isolated from root nodules and screened for plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities. The selected isolates were characterized biochemically and identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. The ability of bacterial isolates to produce siderophores, phosphate solubilization, production of indole acetic acid (IAA) and other characteristics of plant growth promoting (PGP)activities were evaluated from the root nodules of a wild leguminous plant, Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers. Based on the results, the isolates were determined as Bacillus altitudinis and Pseudomonas azotoformans. The bacterial consortium consisting of B. altitudinis + P. azotoformans exhibited a substantial enhancement in both root length (35.55%), and shoot length (43.2%) when compared to the control. This study concludes that utilization of the beneficial traits of these non-rhizobial nodule endophytes bacteria improve nodulation biomass accumulation and plant vegetative growth parameters in T. purpurea. The present research has the potential to advance the adoption of eco-friendly agricultural practices and provide an alternative substitute for traditional chemical fertilizers.
Millet: Food of the Himalayas for combating malnutrition in the face of nutritional insecurity
Authors: Prasad Madhulika Esther , Thapa Sheerat , Upadhye Vijay Jagdish , Singh Pallavi
Published: December 2024

Millet is one of the oldest cereal grains, used for several centuries in Asia and Africa. Its ease of growth in adverse environmental conditions and with minimum agricultural inputs made it a popular choice before the advent of the green revolution. However, the green revolution's recent focus on nutritional insecurity has led to a renewed interest in calorie-rich cereal grains like millet. Millet is not only a nutritious grain providing macronutrients and micronutrients, but it also contains health-promoting components such as phenolic compounds, dietary fiber, and resistant starch, benefiting patients with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular ailments, and celiac disease. In recent years, the approach of biofortification has further guaranteed nutritional enhancement in food crops, including millets, by increasing the concentration of nutrients or reducing the level of anti-nutrients to improve bioavailability. Added to its short life cycle are other advantages, such as drought resistance, durability, insect resistance, and pest resistance. The cultivation of millet offers several environmental benefits, including efficient utilization of water reserves, reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), CO2 reduction from the atmosphere, and maintenance of soil health and fertility. The Himalayan range in northern India, spanning from west to east across the states of Jammu & Kashmir to Arunachal Pradesh, is known for its traditional millet-based foods, utilizing pearl millet, foxtail millet, finger millet, sorghum, etc., for their food and beverage requirements. In fact, the influence of the Green Revolution in these areas has been minimal due to environmental restrictions on large-scale production of wheat and rice. These Himalayan communities continue to widely use the millet crop, well-adapted to these cold, semi-arid regions, as food, fodder, and beverage for their domestic, cultural, and religious practices. We present a comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness of millet as a nutritious resource in the rural communities of the Himalayan ranges in this review. This paper details the different types of millet-based foods and beverages and the traditional practices used for their production in these rural areas. Promotion of the cultivation and consumption of millet grains can help achieve sustainable development of these rural areas, eliminating hidden hunger, malnutrition, and poverty, and thus attaining Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as established by the United Nations (UN). These high-altitude millet populations are part of natural biodiversity which have been subjected to environmental interaction over hundreds of years, and thus, hold potential for revealing new germplasm if explored. Overall, the rural communities of the Himalayan regions hold a traditional treasure in their millet-based foods, which also alleviates the present-day problem of nutritional insecurity.
Effectiveness of drug repurposing approach against Candida isolates
Authors: Ansari Ayesha , Saini Mandeep Kaur , Kumar Darshan , Rai Nishant , Kumar Navin
Published: December 2024

Over the past three decades, there has been an increase in the severity of fungal infections, affecting several individuals and claiming the lives of more than 1.6 million people every year. Species of Candida are one of the causatives of invasive fungal infections, and the extensive use of antifungals for their treatment has led to the emergence of drug resistance in these species, highlighting the need for the exploration of effective and cost-effective therapeutics. Drug repurposing is an important solution for alternative therapeutics. There are many studies where antifungal indications of any existing drug have been analyzed with an aim to establish new antimycotic therapeutics in a short time and with a lower budget. In this review, efforts are made to compile the literature on repurposed drugs against clinical isolates of Candida and fungal pathogens to better illustrate drug repurposing's role in the treatment of candidiasis.
Student’s feelings and perceptions of working in ad-hoc virtual teams before and after COVID-19
Authors: Gafni Ruti , Marsal Christine
Published: December 2024

Online courses with virtual teams have existed for some years but became normalized with the regulations for social distancing during COVID-19. Multinational students from institutions in three countries participated in the Global Entrepreneurship online course, an opportunity-centered Ideation Hackathon developed by the In2It-Erasmus+ team. This course has been conducted once a year since 2017. The instructors noted changes in the attitudes and emotions of the students before and after the pandemic outbreak. The psychological and technological barriers that virtual teams perceived before, such as unclear communications, disappeared after the lockdowns. The feedback surveys, completed after finishing the courses in 2019 (pre-pandemic - 127 students) and 2020 (post-pandemic - 155 students), were compared quantitatively and qualitatively to find dissimilarities. The students broadly acknowledged pedagogical content and teamwork. Social relations, particularly informal interactions, played a significant role in the success of the course and its resilience during the pandemic. The students developed a strong sense of belonging to their team, enabling them to overcome the problems usually encountered in distance learning courses. The enthusiasm of students about this course after COVID-19, in which they learn and practice, opens the door to new types of studies - multicultural, international, experiential, and cooperative.
THE EFFECT OF RETURN ON EQUITY, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO AND COMPANY SIZE ON UNDERPRICING IN COMPANIES CONDUCTING IPO ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE IN 2016-2018
Authors: Janiman Janiman
Published: December 2024

Increasing competition in the business world has made companies actively expand their businesses; these activities certainly cannot be separated from capital, one of the ways for companies to obtain funds is by conducting an Initial Public Offering (IPO) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. An interesting phenomenon when conducting an IPO is the phenomenon of underpricing. Underpricing is a phenomenon where the price of shares traded in the primary market is lower than the price of shares when traded in the secondary market. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of return on equity, debt to equity ratio and company size on underpricing in companies conducting an IPO on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018. This type of research is basic research. The research method used is the verification method. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling method that is based on certain criteria so that the number of samples obtained is 72 companies. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis (partial test), which is processed using SPSS version 25.0 for windows. Based on the results of the study, return on equity affects underpricing, firm size influences underpricing, while the debt to equity ratio has no effect on underpricing.
Google allows advertisers to target the sensitive informational queries of cancer patients
Authors: Zenone Marco , Marcon Alessandro , Kenworthy Nora , van Schalkwyk May , Caulfield Timothy , Hartwell Greg , Maani Nason
Published: December 2024

Alternative cancer treatments are associated with earlier time to death when used without evidence-based treatments. Our study suggests alternative cancer clinics providing scientifically unsupported cancer treatments spent an estimated $15,839,504 on Google ads from 2012 to 2023 targeting users in the United States. The ads led to an estimated 6,717,663 website visits. Paid traffic constituted 44.4% of all website traffic. Advertisers targeted cancer patients using Google’s keyword matching feature which matches ad keywords to the searches of Google users. Keywords selected by advertisers mimicked the sensitive informational search queries of cancer patients. In 2023, 20,035 unique keywords emulated searches on cancer prognosis, alternative treatments, accessing treatment, treatment options, diagnosis, specific cancers, and late-stage cancer.
An empirical study of the socio-demographic profile as a determinant of the level of motivation and training among the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
Authors: Todorova Irena
Published: December 2024

Objectives

The article presents the eternal relevance between the socio-demografic profile as a determinant of the level of motivation and training among the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA). The main goal of the author is to determine that the measured socio-demographic profile allows the Ministry of the Internal affairs to adapt and continuously improve the models for management impact according to the changing socio-economic reality. The variety of activities carried out by the state administration determine its complex organizational structure, which implies the involvement of employees of different working ages and with different professional competence.

Methods

The scientific methodology used is a combination of a theoretical review of the issue, a critical scientific review and the presentation of new scientific advances in the world of practice in terms of motivation and training.

Results

The self-renewal rates in the Ministry of Internal affairs achieved with new employees are satisfactory.

Conclusions

The author is aware that this is a repeatedly researched topic and it is in the last part that a novelty of an applied-practical nature is definitely found. Dynamic socio-economic changes, life in crisis situations and the need for timely adaptation of public organizations to the changing environment necessitate a new approach to the problems of measuring the socio-demographic profile of employees.
Selected methods for effective inactivation of microorganisms in experimental chambers intended for indoor air bioaerosol studies
Authors: LEWANDOWSKI Rafał B. , MIERCZYK Zygmunt
Published: December 2024

The frequent occurrence of threats from various airborne biological factors has led to a significant increase in experimental research on bioaerosols in recent years. One of the key areas of interest for researchers in this field are microorganisms present in enclosed spaces, both suspended in indoor air and settled on surfaces. A common feature of all these experiments in the initial stage of the investigation is the simulation of basic phenomena related to bioaerosols based on closed experimental systems. During this type of research, a crucial preliminary step that significantly impacts the quality of biological research results is the process of ensuring the appropriate microbiological purity of the experimental cells. The filtration methods currently used for indoor air purification in chambers do not effectively remove microorganisms from surfaces, especially in difficult to reach areas. Microorganisms settled on surfaces are detached because of air movement in the chamber and can reform bioaerosol. Therefore, for many years, research has been  aimed at developing an effective technique for decontaminating air and surfaces in enclosed spaces. In recent years, there has been a development of chemical disinfection techniques based on the generation of fog from biocidal agents. The paper presents selected results of original research, demonstrating that the decontamination of experimental chambers for bioaerosol studies using dry fog generated from hypochlorous acid (HOCl) at a concentration of 300 ppm allows a high degree of microbiological purity before biological experiments and does not pose a threat to human health. Furthermore, the use of HOCl-generated dry fog as a method to decontaminate experimental chambers and laboratory spaces can also reduce the threat posed by biological agents to research personnel and protect against the contamination of the surrounding environment.
Elimination of contamination at entry nodes in fixed contamination protection facilities
Authors: HARMATA Władysław , SZCZEŚNIAK Zbigniew , SOBIECH Marian , BARYŁKA Adam
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the current issue of protecting people after biological, chemical and radioactive contamination in the entrance systems of permanent defense facilities.  The problem concerns the elimination of contamination of persons entering the facility, shipments and their personal equipment. Contamination elimination is the only component of the defense system against weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in which the recovery of the combat capability of people, equipment and technology after contamination takes place. It is important to realize that the process may not be fully effective, and that the remaining residual contamination may pose a significant threat to the lives of those in the facility. The problem also applies to the soldier's equipment that will be brought into the facility, as there are currently no non-destructive means and methodologies for contamination elimination in the Polish Armed Forces. It is important to realize the postponement of carrying out the process of contamination elimination of exposed skin surfaces or uniforms can be tragic in its consequences.
INFLUENCE OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SEED AND EXTRA-ROOT NUTRITION ON THE FORMATION OF SYMBIOTIC PRODUCTIVITY OF PEA CROPS
Authors: Didur Ihor , Bandrovsky Dmytro
Published: December 2024

Nitrogen fixation is one of the most important fundamental processes in crop production, which ensures nitrogen circulation in nature, which affects the biological productivity of plants. The intensity of the symbiotic process and the duration of its work are one of the main factors in shaping the productivity of leguminous plants, and as a result, their yield level. When developing modern intensive pea cultivation technology, the key task is to create the most optimal conditions for the formation of a powerful symbiotic potential, long-term active work of nodule bacteria and accumulation of a high level of biological nitrogen. This scientific work summarizes the results of field research on the effect of the Anderiz inoculant developed on the basis of active strains of nodule bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum, the mycorrhiza-forming drug Mycofriend created on the basis of Glomus sp. and complex fertilizer based on potassium humate with Gumifrend microorganisms on the symbiotic productivity of pea crops for their varied use, namely on the number of active nodules on plant roots, the formation of active symbiotic potential and the amount of biologically fixed nitrogen. Field research was carried out during 2019-2021 in the conditions of the experimental field of the Agronomic Research Center of VNA on gray forest medium-loamy soils. Based on the results of the research and the analysis of the obtained data, it was established that the most productive was the variant of the experiment that provided for the pre-sowing treatment of seeds with the inoculant Anderiz (2.0 l/t) in combination with the mycorrhizal preparation Mycofriend (1.5 l/t) and two foliar top dressings with a complex fertilizer on the basis of Gumifrend potassium humate (1.0 l/ha) on the background of mineral fertilizer N30Р60К60. On this variant, the formation of the maximum amount of biologically fixed nitrogen in the experiment was recorded in the Deviz variety - 48.6 kg/ha and in the Tsarevich variety - 56.3 kg/ha.
An Experimental Analysis of Traditional Machine Learning Algorithms for Maize Yield Prediction
Authors: Tahi Souand P.G. , Hounmenou Castro G. , Houndji Vinasetan Ratheil , Kakaï Romain Glèlè
Published: December 2024

Maize plays a significant role in the African diet and is one of the main staple foods in many parts of the continent. Accurate yield estimations ensure an adequate food supply, contributing to food security and reducing the risk of food shortages. They also enable market planning and price setting. Machine learning is well known as one of the most advanced statistical methods for predicting crop yields. This paper provides extensive experiment results of machine learning models on maize production. Thirteen basic supervised learning algorithms classified into classic and ensemble learning are compared using three datasets of different sizes and from various sources (Kaggle, Zenodo). These datasets are from three main origins: experimentation, specifically covering crop data with 240 observations; predictions on crop yield from the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) and World Data Bank with 4,121 observations; and historical data from China with 975 observations. The metrics used to evaluate the models are the coefficient of determination, the mean absolute error, the root mean square error, and the explained variance score. Moreover, permutation importance is used on the best models to identify the most relevant predictors for the models according to the data. The results show that extremely randomized trees (ERT) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) are more suitable for predicting maize yield with a coefficient of determination between 0.75 and 0.96 and 0.73 and 0.96, respectively. With the other metrics, the ERT model shows a low performance. Its training time varies between 2,547 and 7,814 seconds as obtained from a computer with characteristics of HP core i5, CPU @ 1.00 GHz, 1.9 GHz, and 8 GB RAM under 134 Windows 10. ERT and XGBoost are best suited to these databases of varying dimensions, making them perfect for predicting maize yield and streamlining decision-making processes.
Clinical Presentation and Surgical Management of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Grade III: A Case Report
Authors: Pande Putu Sucahaya Pradhana  , Tasia Irma Endriani  , Anak Agung Ngurah Pretangga
Published: December 2024

Background: Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common type of breast cancer, accounting for approximately 80% of all cases. This case report describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and surgical management of a 52-year-old female with IDC Grade III.
Case presentation: A 52-year-old female presented with a palpable lump in her left breast, associated with intermittent pain. She had undergone a left breast biopsy excision surgery three months prior. Physical examination revealed a tender mass in the left breast. Imaging studies and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of IDC Grade III. The patient underwent a modified radical mastectomy (MRM).
Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of early detection and prompt surgical intervention in the management of IDC Grade III. MRM remains a cornerstone of treatment for locally advanced breast cancer, offering favorable outcomes and improved quality of life.
Successful Post-Resuscitation Care in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients: A Case Report
Authors: Merry  , Made Septyana Parama Adi  , I Gusti Agung Gede Utara Hartawan  , I Gusti Ngurah Mahaalit Aribawa  , I Putu Fajar Narakusuma  , I Gusti Agung Made Wibisana Kurniajaya
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Cardiac arrest in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients presents unique challenges due to their complex medical conditions. Post-resuscitation care for these patients requires careful management of various factors, including hemodynamic instability, electrolyte imbalances, and fluid overload. This case report describes the successful post-resuscitation care of an ESRD patient who experienced cardiac arrest and achieved a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).
Case presentation: A 50-year-old female with ESRD on hemodialysis (HD) presented with acute dyspnea and cardiac arrest. After 8 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), ROSC was achieved. The patient was managed with a comprehensive post-resuscitation care protocol, including brain resuscitation (targeted temperature management, ventilation optimization, and hemodynamic control) and sustained low-efficiency dialysis for fluid balance. Despite the severity of her condition, the patient showed significant neurological recovery and was successfully extubated after 7 days of mechanical ventilation. She was discharged after 12 days with follow-up for her chronic conditions.
Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of individualized management strategies for ESRD patients post-cardiac arrest, including the need for prolonged resuscitation and careful monitoring to improve patient outcomes.
Emergent surgery after voluntary ingestion of caustics.
Authors: Rubio García JJ , Marco Gómez M , Viñas Martínez T , Paredes Segura A , Villodre Tudela C , Ruiz de la Cuesta García Tapia E , Ramia Ángel JM
Published: December 2024

Introducción: Los agentes cáusticos ácidos provocan una necrosis coagulativa sobre la superficie del tracto gastrointestinal tras su ingesta. Se trata de una situación grave con un compromiso vital inmediato.

Material y métodos: Presentamos el caso clínico de una paciente tras ingesta de ácido clorhídrico con afectación esofágica y gástrica que precisa intervención quirúrgica urgente.

Caso clínico:Mujer de 33 años que acude al servicio de urgencias de nuestro centro tras ingesta de cáustico (Salfumán) con fines autolíticos. Acude consciente y orientada, pero con intenso dolor abdominal y retroesternal. Analíticamente presenta GOT 322 U/L, GPT 155 U/L, pH 7.02. Como hallazgos en TC tóraco-abdomino-pélvico se observa abundante líquido intraabdominal de elevada densidad, distensión gástrica con dos soluciones de continuidad en curvatura mayor gástrica y prepilórica. Hay ausencia de repleción de vena esplénica y porta con ausencia de realce parenquimatoso del bazo e hígado con múltiples hipodensidades parcheadas.

Ante esta situación clínica y hallazgos en pruebas complementarias se decide intervención quirúrgica urgente. Abordaje mediante laparotomía media evidenciando extensa necrosis de esófago, estómago y segmento de colon transverso secundaria al agente ácido; extensa trombosis de mesocolon transverso; dos perforaciones a nivel de antro gástrico y un foco hemorrágico en borde superior de cabeza pancreática. Mediante abordaje combinado cervical y abdominal realizamos "stripping" esofágico, gastrectomía total y resección segmentaria de colon transverso.

Conclusión:La ingesta de cáusticos es una situación de extrema gravedad, su tratamiento quirúrgico urgente es un procedimiento técnicamente demandante que asocia una elevada morbimortalidad.