bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN RME TERHADAP MOTIVASI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA SD MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK-INTEGRATIF
Authors: Sukri Yuni Faryanti , Widjajanti Djamilah Bodan
Published: July 2016

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh Realistic Mathematic Education (RME) terhadap motivasi dan prestasi belajar siswa melalui pembelajaran tematik-integratif siswa kelas IV SDN di Kecamatan Ujung Kota Parepare. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 4 SD di kecamatan Ujung Kota Parepare yang telah menerapkan kurikulum 2013 dan untuk menentukan sampel digunakan teknik simple random sampling. Penelitian ini merupakan kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan penelitian Nonequivalent-groups Pretest-Posttest Design. Kelas eksperimen yaitu kelas IV SDN 44 Parepare (n=25) dengan pendekatan RME dan kelas kontrol yaitu Kelas IV SDN 22 Parepare (n=24) dengan pendekatan konvensional. Menggunakan tingkat signifikansi α = 5% dapat disimpulkan bahwa: pembelajaran tematik-integratif dengan pendekatan RME berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi dan prestasi belajar siswa SD dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran tematik-integratif biasa (konvensional) karena siswa berperan aktif dalam kesuksesan pembelajaran, siswa tidak menjadi pasif dan tidak hanya mendengarkan materi yang diajarkan.

Kata Kunci: pendekatan RME, motivasi belajar, prestasi belajar

 

THE EFFECTS OF RME APPROACHES ON MOTIVATION AND LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENTS THROUGH THEMATIC-INTEGRATIVE LEARNING

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Realistic Mathematic Education (RME) on motivation and academic achievement through integrative thematic learning among fourth grade students of elementary school in Ujung Parepare District. The population was 4th in the district Ujung Parepare that have implemented the 2013’ curriculum and to determine the sample used simple random sampling technique. This study was a quasi-experimental research design, with nonequivalent pretest-posttest - groups design. The experimental class was students of class IV SD Negeri 44 Parepare (n=25) and control class was students of class IV SD Negeri 22 Parepare (n=34). Using a significance level α = 5 % can be concluded that: Thematic-integrative learning approach Realistic Mathematic Education has significant effect on motivation and academic achievement in elementary school than conventional usual thematic learning-integrative because students play an active role in the success of learning, students do not become passive and are not just listening to the material being taught.
 Keywords: RME approach, learning motivation, learning achievement
Az informális intézmények és a működőtőke-áramlás kapcsolata: hol tart az irodalom?
Authors: Bényei Zsuzsanna
Published: July 2016

A működőtőke-befektetések motivációinak tanulmányozása hosszú múltra tekint vissza. Viszonylag új tényező e téren az intézmények hatásainak vizsgálata. Ez az irodalom a formális intézményeket mint helyspecifikus előnyöket azonosítja, amelyek elősegíthetik a működő tőke beáramlását az országba. A tanulmány célja, hogy bemutassa a szakirodalom empirikus eredményeit az informális intézmények szerepéről egy kevésbé kutatott területen. A tanulmányban ismertetek továbbá egy olyan mérési módszert is, amelyet a későbbiekben ezen kapcsolat vizsgálatára használhatunk.

Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes: E02, F02
Mechanical properties of thermal insulation concrete with recycled coarse aggregates after elevated temperature exposure
Authors: Liu Yuanzhen , Ji Haifeng , Zhang Jianguang , Wang Wenjing , Chen Y. Frank
Published: July 2016

Thermal insulation concrete with recycled coarse aggregate (RATIC) provides an excellent alternative to energy saving and the reuse of waste concrete in buildings. In this paper, experiments were conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of the RATIC material after exposure to elevated temperatures, including failure feature and residual strengths. The effects of temperatures and the replacement percentage of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) on the compressive and tensile strengths of the RATIC were first assessed experimentally. Then, the formulas for both compressive and tensile strengths were developed as a function of temperatures using the regression analysis. The test results show that the RATIC is prone to explosive spalling due to the compact structure of cement paste and low thermal conductivity. The compressive strength of the RATIC increases slightly under the temperature of 400 °C and then decreases significantly with an increasing exposed temperature. In contrast, the splitting tensile strength of the RATIC decreases significantly after the material was exposed to a high temperature of 200 to 800 °C. With the increasing RCA percentage, the RATIC experiences more strength deterioration in tension than compression, while little difference was observed regarding thermal exposure and failure modes of the RATIC.
The “Alternative for Germany:” Factors Behind its Emergence and Profile of a New Right-wing Populist Party
Authors: Decker Frank
Published: July 2016

Until 2013, right-wing populist or extremist parties were unable to establish
themselves as a relevant political force in Germany. With the advent of the
Alternative für Deutschland the party landscape has changed significantly. The
window of opportunity for the newcomer was opened in 2013 by the Euro crisis.
Combining euroskepticism with liberal economic policies and a conservative
social issue agenda the AfD mainly capitalized on the neglecting of these
matters by the liberal party and the Christian democrats. Controversy between
the market-oriented moderate wing represented by party founder Bernd Lucke
and the radical advocates of national populism led to the split off of the former
in July 2015. Only with the refugee crisis did the AfD regain its electoral fortunes
and obtained its best results thus far in the March 2016 state elections.
Most probably, the party’s prospects will remain promising if one considers
the voter’s side. The main risks lie in its own ranks, where ideological battles,
personal struggles and the unresolved question of how to distance the party
from right-wing extremism could further self-destruction.
Editorial
Authors: Clarsen Georgine , Mom Gijs
Published: July 2016

This issue we mourn the untimely death of John Urry, our much-loved friend
and colleague. John’s role in the emergence of mobility studies, our robust
and multidisciplinary field of scholarship, is well-known. Based at Lancaster
for most of his working life, John was central to launching new ways of thinking
and researching, not only in his own discipline of sociology but across the
social sciences and humanities. The breadth and scope of John’s scholarship
is evident in his extensive list of publications. They date from the early 1970s,
gathered momentum over the past two decades, and will continue into the
future with material still in press.
Organic Vehicles and Passengers
Authors: Mavhunga Clapperton Chakanetsa
Published: July 2016

What if the protagonist in mobility was not human or technology, but nature?
What kind of mobility studies might we get? This is the focus of this story of
the tsetse fly, set within the history of the British colony of Southern Rhodesia
from 1910 to 1973. This insect feeds on the blood of anything it can bite. Thus
when it bites into wild animals to draw blood (its food), it ingests a protozoan
called the trypanosome, and when afterward the insect bites into and
draws blood from livestock, it inoculates the animal with the deadly parasite
it has drawn from the wild animal. The tsetse fly cannot travel far on its own,
so it rides on any moving body (human, animal, inanimate), turning them
into conveyer belts for trypanosomiasis, and drawing diverse technological
responses. The tsetse is, therefore, a perfect example of a site from which to
rethink mobility.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass Induced Hematological Changes in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Aftabuddin Md , Rajbhandhari Nivesh , Rahman Md Zillur , Islam Nadira , Khan Omar Sadeuque
Published: July 2016

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) assisted open heart surgery have become a frequent surgical procedures in almost all major heart surgeries. However,growing evidence indicates that anemia, coagulation derangements, platelet dysfunction and inflammatory responses are common in patients undergoing CPB aided cardiac surgery. The aim of the present study was to characterize CPB induced hematologic changes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. A total of sixty three patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery in the department of Cardiac Surgery, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh, were prospectively randomized into the present study: 33 of which underwent CPB aided cardiac surgery (CPB-aided) and the rest 30 patients underwent cardiac surgery without CPB (CPB non-aided). Complete blood count together with Hb%, prothrombin time (PT) and International normalized ratio (INR) was determined preoperatively and on 1st, 3rd and 7th postoperative days (POD). The TC of WBC was significantly higher in CPB aided patients than that of CPB non-aided patients on 1st POD. When comparison was done, total count of RBC, platelets & Hb% were significantly lower in CPB aided patients compared to patients underwent cardiac surgery without CPB on the 7th POD. Additionally, PT and INR were higher in CPB aided cardiac patients compared to that of CPB non-aided patients on the 7th POD. The lower levels of Hb% and TC of RBC following CPB-aided cardiac surgery may be due to excessive hemolysis because of mechanical force during extra-corporal circulation. The observed significant leucocytosis in the present CPB aided cardiac surgery patients on 1st POD may support the notion that CPB induces a systemic inflammatory response following cardiac surgery. Further studies are required to evaluate the mechanisms of CPB- induced hematological changes following major cardiac surgery.Bangladesh Heart Journal 2015; 30(2) : 53-57
Integrated effects of poultry manure and chemical fertilizer on the growth, leaf yield and stevioside content of stevia
Authors: Zaman MM , Chowdhury MAH , Chowdhury Tanzin
Published: July 2016

Stevia is important for its leaves which are used as non calorie sweetener and also in many therapeutic applications including diabetes. The present investigation was carried out in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the integrated effects of poultry manure (PM) and chemical fertilizer (CF) on the growth, leaf biomass yield and stevioside content of stevia grown in two contrasting soils (acid and non-calcareous) of Bangladesh. Six combinations of PM and CF viz. PM0+CF0, PM0+CF100, PM3+CF50, PM3+CF75, PM5+CF50, PM5+CF75 were used. The study revealed that PM along with different percentages of chemical fertilizers exerted significant influence on the growth, leaf yield and stevioside content of stevia. The highest values of all the parameters except stevioside were found from the plant receiving PM @ 3 t ha-1 along with 75% CF. The leaf biomass yield was 1088% and 867% higher in acid soil and non-calcareous soil, respectively, over control. Stevioside content was increased with increasing the levels of PM up to 5 t ha-1 and also with the advancement of growth period from 30 to 60 days after planting. The highest amount of stevioside (10.45%) was detected in the leaves of the plant that received PM @ 5 t ha-1 along with 75% CF at 60 DAP in acid soil and it was 9.11% in non-calcareous soil at the same period. The lowest values of all the parameters including stevioside content were obtained from the plant which received neither PM nor CF. Considering the overall performance, farmers may be advised to cultivate stevia in acid soil applying PM @ 3 t ha-1 along with 75% chemical fertilizer to boost up the production of stevia under the agro-climatic condition of the study area in the context of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(2): 175-182, December 2015
Isolation and identification of bacterial flora from respiratory tract of healthy horses
Authors: Muktha ZB , Kabir SML , Rahman MT
Published: July 2016

This study was carried out during the period of July to December, 2014 in order to isolate and characterize bacterial flora present in the respiratory tract of healthy horses in and around BAU campus. Eighteen apparently healthy horses were used for the study. Swab samples were collected from the nasal cavity. The bacteria was isolated ,identified and characterized by cultural (aerobic condition),staining, biochemical and PCR technique. Each of the samples collected yielded at least one bacterial species. A total of 27 bacteria were isolated from the selected animals. The majority of the isolates (15/27, 55.56%) were Gram-positive and the rest (12/27, 44.44%) were Gram-negative. Bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (83.33%) and E. coli (66.66%).The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates was investigated by disc diffusion method. The antibiotic sensitivity test of Staphylococcus aureus revealed that the isolates were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, moderately sensitive to gentamicin and resistance to amoxicilin, ampicilin and erythromycin. On the other hand, E. coli showed moderately sensitive to ciprofloxacin and gentamycin, mildly sensitive to erythromycin and resistance to amoxicilin and ampicilin. Detection of E. coli and S. aureus from the respiratory tract of healthy horses were not unexpected. Ciprofloxacin and gentamicin could be used for therapeutic purpose, if diseases occur by these organisms in horses.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(2): 239-246, December 2015
Gonadal maturation, fecundity and hatching performance of wild caught tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon using unilateral eyestalk ablation in captivity
Authors: Uddin SA , Rahman MM
Published: July 2016

In this study, the effects of eyestalk ablation on maturation, moulting, spawning and hatching rate of wild caught Penaeus monodon were investigated. Twenty males (M) and 30 eyestalkablated and 30 nonablated females (F), all individually marked (M: F=1:3) were stocked into two 15ton capacity (each) maturation tank. All the ablated females moulted in 7.92±0.24 (mean±standard error) days, and first spawning occurred 3.2±0.20 days following eyestalk ablation. While twenty-five ablated females spawned, producing an average of 296,160±26,589 eggs, only eight nonablated females spawned, producing an average of 195,462±20,565 eggs during the investigation period of 120 days. A significant positive correlation between fecundity and female body weight (P<0.05; P<0.001) was observed. Throughout the experiment, the average number of spawning per female was 1.8±0.14 for ablated and one for nonablated females. Multiple spawning (up to three times) occurred within the same moulting cycle in ablated females. Among the ablated P. monodon females, 36% spawn once, 48% second time, and 16% third time. The average fertility rate of the eggs was high, ranging between 80 and 90% in non-ablated females, while in ablated females; the range was between 72 and 88% and differ significantly (p<0.05) ablated and non ablated females. Average hatching rate ranges between 70 and 80% for ablated and 75 and 82% for non-ablated females (p<0.05). From eggs to nauplii production per female was 167,838 for ablated and 127,500for nonablated females. This study indicates that eyestalk ablation and environmental condition were important inducing tools for re-maturation of spent P. monodon that continued supply of seed stock for effective commercial shrimp farming.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(2): 315-322, December 2015
Modelling and Optimization of Operational Setpoint Parameters for Maximum Fermentative Biohydrogen Production Using Box-Behnken Design
Authors: Sekoai Patrick
Published: July 2016

Fermentative biohydrogen production has been flagged as a future alternative energy source due to its various socio-economical benefits. Currently, its production is hindered by the low yield. In this work, modelling and optimization of fermentative biohydrogen producing operational setpoint conditions was carried out. A box-behnken design was used to generate twenty-nine batch experiments. The experimental data were used to produce a quadratic polynomial model which was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate its statistical significance. The quadratic polynomial model had a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.7895. The optimum setpoint obtained were potato-waste concentration 39.56 g/L, pH 5.56, temperature 37.87 °C, and fermentation time 82.58 h, predicting a biohydrogen production response of 537.5 mL H2/g TVS. A validation experiment gave 603.5 mL H2/g TVS resulting to a 12% increase. The R2 was above 0.7 implying the model was adequate to navigate the optimization space. Therefore, these findings demonstrated the feasibility of conducting optimized biohydrogen fermentation processes using response surface methodology.
A Survey of Jellyfish Sting Knowledge among Naval Personnel in Northeast China
Authors: Kan Ting , Gui Li , Shi Wenwen , Huang Yan , Li Shuang , Qiu Chen
Published: July 2016

Background: Jellyfish envenomation is common along the coastal area, and can cause severe consequences. Naval personnel are among the high-risk population for this injury. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge regarding jellyfish envenomation among naval personnel in a navy unit in northeast China. Methods: A predesigned questionnaire was distributed to 120 naval members in January 2015. The data of 108 respondents were included in the statistical analysis. Results: We found that 38.0% of the respondents selected jellyfish sting as the common wound in their units, and 13.0% had experienced or observed this injury. In addition, 63.0% of the participants rated their own knowledge as “low” or “none”. The average score they got was 5.77 ± 2.50, with only 16.7% getting a score above 60% of the full score. The correct rates of five questions were below 60%. No statistical differences existed in the knowledge score among different groups of respondents defined by socio-demographic variables. Conclusions: Jellyfish sting is common in this navy unit, but personnel got a low score on the knowledge assessment. They also lacked confidence in first aid. Medical education and training should be implemented to address this issue.
The Relation of Moderate Alcohol Consumption to Hyperuricemia in a Rural General Population
Authors: Li Zhao , Guo Xiaofan , Liu Yamin , Chang Ye , Sun Yingxian , Zhu Guangshuo , Abraham Maria
Published: July 2016

Background: although alcohol abuse is known to increase serum uric acid, the relation between moderate drinking and uric acid have remained poorly understood. We performed this study to evaluate whether different alcohol consumption level has different effects on the risk of hyperuricemia based on a rural general population. Method: multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select a representative sample of individuals aged 35 years or older. Participants were asked to provide information about their alcohol consumption. Data regarding the demographic and lifestyle characteristics and the blood biochemical indexes of these participants were collected by well-trained personnel. Results: in total, 11,039 participants aged 35 years or older were included (4997 men and 6042 women). The prevalence of hyperuricemia in the different male alcohol consumption groups was 11.9% in non-drinkers, 12.6% in moderate drinkers, and 16.3% in heavy drinkers (p < 0.001). In females, the rates were 6.3% in non-drinkers, 8.1% in moderate drinkers, and 6.6% for heavy drinkers (p = 0.818). In males, multivariate logistic regression analyses shows heavy drinkers had an approximately 1.7-fold higher risk of hyperuricemia (OR: 1.657, 95% CI: 1.368 to 2.007, p < 0.001) than non-drinkers; moderate drinkers did not experience a significant increase in risk (OR: 1.232, 95% CI: 0.951 to 1.596, p = 0.114)). Multivariate logistic regression analyses of females showed that, compared with non-drinkers, neither moderate nor heavy drinkers had a significantly increased risk of hyperuricemia (OR: 1.565, 95% CI: 0.521 to 4.695, p = 0.425 for heavy drinkers; OR: 0.897, 95% CI: 0.117 to 6.855, p = 0.916 for moderate drinkers). Conclusions: heavy alcohol consumption increased the risk of hyperuricemia for males but not for females. Among both males and females, moderate alcohol consumption did not increase the risk of hyperuricemia.
The HD(CP)2 Data Archive for Atmospheric Measurement Data
Authors: Stamnas Erasmia , Lammert Andrea , Winkelmann Volker , Lang Ulrich
Published: July 2016

The archiving of scientific data is a sophisticated mission in nearly all research projects. In this paper, we introduce a new online archive of atmospheric measurement data from the "High definition clouds and precipitation for advancing climate prediction" (HD(CP)2) research initiative. The project data archive is quality managed, easy to use, and is now open for other atmospheric research data. The archive’s creation was already taken into account during the HD(CP)2 project planning phase and the necessary resources were granted. The funding enabled the HD(CP)2 project to build a sound archive structure, which guarantees that the collected data are accessible for all researchers in the project and beyond.
Stereocomplexation in Copolymer Networks Incorporating Enantiomeric Glycerol-Based 3-Armed Lactide Oligomers and a 2-Armed ɛ-Caprolactone Oligomer
Authors: Shibita Ayaka , Kawasaki Seina , Shimasaki Toshiaki , Teramoto Naozumi , Shibata Mitsuhiro
Published: July 2016

The reactions of enantiomeric glycerol-based 3-armed lactide oligomers (H3DLAO and H3LLAO) and a diethylene glycol-based 2-armed ɛ-caprolactone oligomer (H2CLO) with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) produced polyesterurethane copolymer networks (PEU-3scLAO/2CLOs 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 and 0/100) with different feed ratios of stereocomplex (sc) lactide oligomer (H3scLAO = H3DLAO + H3LLAO, H3DLAO/H3LLAO = 1/1) and H2CLO. Thermal and mechanical properties of the copolymer networks were compared with those of a simple homochiral (hc) network (PEU-3DLAO) produced by the reaction of H3DLAO and HDI. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetric analyses revealed that sc crystallites are formed without any hc crystallization for PEU-3scLAO/2CLOs, and that PEU-3DLAO is amorphous. The melting temperatures of sc crystallites for PEU-3scLAO/2CLOs were much higher than that of hc crystallites of H3DLAO. The polarized optical microscopic analysis revealed that the nucleation efficiency is enhanced with increasing feed of H3scLAO fraction, whereas the spherulite growth rate is accelerated with increasing feed H2CLO fraction over 100/0-50/50 networks. PEU-3scLAO/2CLO 100/0 (i.e., PEU-3scLAO) exhibited a higher tensile strength and modulus than PEU-3DLAO. The elongation at break and tensile toughness for PEU-3scLAO/2CLOs increased with an increasing feed amount of H2CLO.
Acoustic Performance of Resilient Materials Using Acrylic Polymer Emulsion Resin
Authors: Kim Haseog , Park Sangki , Lee Seahyun
Published: July 2016

There have been frequent cases of civil complaints and disputes in relation to floor impact noises over the years. To solve these issues, a substantial amount of sound resilient material is installed between the concrete slab and the foamed concrete during construction. A new place-type resilient material is made from cement, silica powder, sodium sulfate, expanded-polystyrene, anhydrite, fly ash, and acrylic polymer emulsion resin. Its physical characteristics such as density, compressive strength, dynamic stiffness, and remanent strain are analyzed to assess the acoustic performance of the material. The experimental results showed the density and the dynamic stiffness of the proposed resilient material is increased with proportional to the use of cement and silica powder due to the high contents of the raw materials. The remanent strain, related to the serviceability of a structure, is found to be inversely proportional to the density and strength. The amount of reduction in the heavyweight impact noise is significant in a material with high density, high strength, and low remanent strain. Finally, specimen no. R4, having the reduction level of 3 dB for impact ball and 1 dB for bang machine in the single number quantity level, respectively, is the best product to obtain overall acoustic performance.
Optimization of Layered Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Julien Christian , Mauger Alain , Zaghib Karim , Groult Henri
Published: July 2016

This review presents a survey of the literature on recent progress in lithium-ion batteries, with the active sub-micron-sized particles of the positive electrode chosen in the family of lamellar compounds LiMO2, where M stands for a mixture of Ni, Mn, Co elements, and in the family of yLi2MnO3•(1 − y)LiNi½Mn½O2 layered-layered integrated materials. The structural, physical, and chemical properties of these cathode elements are reported and discussed as a function of all the synthesis parameters, which include the choice of the precursors and of the chelating agent, and as a function of the relative concentrations of the M cations and composition y. Their electrochemical properties are also reported and discussed to determine the optimum compositions in order to obtain the best electrochemical performance while maintaining the structural integrity of the electrode lattice during cycling.
Exponentially Fitted Finite Difference Schemes for Reaction-Diffusion Equations
Authors: Erdoğan Utku , Akarbulut Kenan , Tan Neşet
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this work is to introduce a new kind of finite difference formulation inspired from Fourier analysis, for reaction-diffusion equations. Compared to classical schemes, the proposed scheme is much more accurate and has interesting stability properties. Convergence properties and stability of the scheme are discussed. Numerical examples are provided to show better performance of the method, compared with other existing methods in the literature.
Secondary Metabolites Produced by an Endophytic Fungus Pestalotiopsis sydowiana and Their 20S Proteasome Inhibitory Activities
Authors: Xia Xuekui , Kim Soonok , Liu Changheng , Shim Sang
Published: July 2016

Fungal endophytes have attracted attention due to their functional diversity. Secondary metabolites produced by Pestalotiopsis sydowiana from a halophyte, Phragmites communis Trinus, were investigated. Eleven compounds, including four penicillide derivatives (1–4) and seven α-pyrone analogues (5–10) were isolated from cultures of P. sydowiana. The compounds were identified based on spectroscopic data. The inhibitory activities against the 20S proteasome were evaluated. Compounds 1–3, 5, and 9–10 showed modest proteasome inhibition activities, while compound 8 showed strong activity with an IC50 of 1.2 ± 0.3 μM. This is the first study on the secondary metabolites produced by P. sydowiana and their proteasome inhibitory activities. The endophytic fungus P. sydowiana might be a good resource for proteasome inhibitors.
Worksheet for Describing and Categorizing a Genocidal Event: A New Tool for Assembling More Objective Data and Classifying Events of Mass Killing
Authors: Charny Israel
Published: July 2016

A new tool is presented for facilitating greater objectivity in the chaotic field of genocide studies: first, assembling the available factual data about any event of mass murder systematically; second, contextualizing each of our judgments of the nature of the crime as a choice being made by a given scholar or institution (e.g., a specific court), but not as “God’s word.” The Worksheet for Describing and Categorizing a Genocidal Event is believed to be innovative in several ways: (1) This model presents researchers with a methodology for developing systematic, extensive and objective information about many different aspects of an event of mass killing; (2) Emphasis is placed on identifying each researcher’s guiding concept of genocide; (3) The proposed methodology purposely postpones any effort at classification—including whether an event constitutes “genocide”—until after factual data have been assembled; (4) Categorization of an event is also to be understood as an act of judgment by each researcher, not as scientifically established truth; (5) It is also to be understood that classification in the language of social sciences is different than legal classifications that in turn also are to be understood as based on whatever specific code of law.
Moulins, cultures industrielles et marchands dans les campagnes artésiennes et flamandes
Authors: Derville Alain
Published: July 2016

Tussen 800 en wat voor 1350 groeit het aantal molens. Er verdwenen er veel overbodig geworden na de pest. In 1549 waren er in 145 dorpen in Waals- Vlaanderen ongeveer 1 13,5 graanmolens, een voor 123 haarden, tweemaal meer dan nodig. Andere werden gebruikt als industriële molens. In de XVIe eeuw verdween de wede die vroeger op de Artezische en Waalsvlaamse slibgronden gekweekt werd meer en meer voor de Toulousiaanse pastel, of zelfs de indigoplant. Raapzaad kende een buitengewoon sukses van 1400 tot ten minste 1800. In 1549 had Waals-Vlaanderen nog 14 wedemolens en al 44,5 olieslagerijen, buiten de steden. De talrijke maar kleine handelaars van het platteland zorgden voor de afzet van de wede. De olie werd verkocht door handelaars uit Rijsel.
Un ensemble céramique du Bas-Empire à Bruay-Labuissière (Pas-de-Calais).
Authors: Loridant Frédéric
Published: July 2016

A Lower-Empire Set of Potteries in Bruay-Labuissière (Pas-de-Calais).

Emergency excavation works were carried out in 1993 in Bruay-Labuissière, not far from the area where craftsmen's workshops were discovered in 1971. The findings are not well structured and are difficult to interpret (foot-path ?, dwelling-related installations ?) but pits have yielded a wealth of pottery findings datable to the extreme end of the IVth century. This collection offers many similarities with other discoveries made in Arras and betokens a late occupation in a rural area hitherto supposed to have been abandoned after the invasions fo the second half of the IIIrd century. This discovery is to be brought into parallel with another pit in which late potteries and a fragment of a moulded pottery originating in Germany were found.
L'exceptionnelle croissance de la population de Roubaix au XIXe siècle.
Authors: Pétillon Chantal
Published: July 2016

Avec le retour à la paix, en 1814-1815, Roubaix connut un impressionnant essor économique qui entraîna une croissance démographique exceptionnelle, plaçant Roubaix au 2e rang des villes du département du Nord dès 1846, et la faisant passer au 10e rang de la hiérarchie urbaine française en 1891. L'apport migratoire se révèle essentiel, supérieur à 50 % de 1814 à 1891, se traduisant par la présence de nombreux immigrés. L'essor roubaisien, inscrit dans celui de l'agglomération de Roubaix-Tourcoing, ne prit fin que dans la dernière décennie du XIXe siècle et il fut d'autant plus remarquable que la croissance démographique française était lente au XIXe siècle, deux fois plus faible que celle de l'ensemble de l'Europe. Une telle progression ne se retrouve pas dans l'espace français, pas même dans le cas des villes de la métallurgie ; en revanche, elle évoque plutôt certaines situations européennes (belges, allemandes ou britanniques).
Monseigneur Charost, évêque de Lille durant la Grande Guerre
Authors: Cnudde-Lecointre Carine
Published: July 2016

Carine Cnudde-Lecointre, Lord Charost, Bishop of Lille during the Great War.

Alexis-Armand Charost becomes in 1913 the first bishop of Lille. The man gradually pierces through the bishop. Lord Charost is essentially sensitive to the position of the Church within French society, supported in that by moral and social values. This man of a conservative set of mind is also a man of honour and of duty. His task of bishop during World War I brings his principles face to face with the severe reality of the occupation. To the material difficulties inherent to the manage¬ ment of the occupied diocese are very rapidly added the necessary interventions toward the population, in particular to uphold the hope in Victory. The bishop embodies, for the populations of the Nord, the reconciliation between the French and their Church. This blend of faith, hope and patriotism explains how a whole population was able to endure for 4 years the burden of the war and its heavy toll of deaths and casualties.
Enantioselective addition of diphenyl phosphonate to ketimines derived from isatins catalyzed by binaphthyl-modified organocatalysts
Authors: Jang Hee Seung , Kim Yubin , Kim Dae Young
Published: July 2016

Chiral binaphthyl-modified squaramide-catalyzed enantioselective addition of diphenyl phosphonate to ketimines derived from isatins has been achieved. This method affords practical and efficient access to chiral 3-amino-3-phosphonyl-substituted oxindole derivatives in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee).
Trois figures de l’ennui adolescent
Authors: Boë Emmanuelle
Published: July 2016

L’éprouvé d’ennui paraît indissociable de l’adolescence, et le champ scolaire est son lieu d’expression privilégié. Quelles sont les tonalités de cet ennui juvénile ? Nous proposons un modèle à trois composantes, en fonction du rapport à la temporalité et de la modalité attentionnelle prévalante. Nous nous demandons quelle valeur prend l’ennui en fonction des différents contextes psychopathologiques et de l’évolution du patient. Ces questions sont discutées au travers de situations cliniques rencontrées au Relais étudiants-lycéens de Paris, où la consultation, par sa configuration particulière incluant la participation d’un enseignant, permet d’observer de manière privilégiée le lien à la scolarité et le rapport au savoir. De l’évitement de pensée à la phobie du fonctionnement mental, notre exploration clinique des déterminants de l’ennui juvénile parcourt différentes variantes du trouble de penser.
L’ennui des enfants à haut potentiel intellectuel et surdoués
Authors: Tardy Marie-Noëlle
Published: July 2016

L’ennui est un vécu très présent chez les enfants surdoués ou à haut potentiel. Souvent ces enfants s’ennuient jusqu’en classe de seconde. L’ennui est un fréquent motif de consultation pédopsychiatrique. Il importe de décrypter le sens de cet ennui : tristesse, lassitude, besoin d’une présence bienveillante, d’un étayage correct ? Il importe aussi de savoir à quoi peut bien servir cette expérience de l’ennui chez l’enfant : observer, expérimenter, créer, se socialiser ? Comment réagir de façon adaptée en tant que parents : apprendre à décrypter le sens de cet ennui, à le contenir, apprendre à l’enfant à le gérer lui-même, et ne pas hésiter à avoir recours à une consultation. L’ennui à l’école peut en effet créer un burn out chez l’enfant ou adolescent haut potentiel intellectuel.
De l’aventurier au campeur : les mutations du tourisme
Authors: Cousin Saskia , Pattieu Sylvain , Venayre Sylvain , Laurentin Emmanuel , Dignat Étienne
Published: July 2016

Les différentes formes historiques du tourisme semblent relever d’un impératif de distinction et d’une quête d’authenticité. Après la démocratisation du tourisme, nous serions désormais au temps de la démocratie touristique.
L’effacement programmé de l’ailleurs
Authors: Paquot Thierry
Published: July 2016

Les récits des explorateurs de terres inconnues et exotiques, comme les utopies, invitaient au voyage. Aujourd’hui, la contraction de l’espace due aux progrès techniques abolit la distinction d’un ici et d’un ailleurs.
L’insoluble question de l’énergie électrique au Vietnam
Authors: Mottet Éric , Lasserre Frédéric
Published: July 2016

Dragon économique depuis une vingtaine d’années, le Vietnam connait une forte croissance de la demande en énergie électrique. Si le pays possède une grande variété de ressources permettant la production d’électricité, elles restent pour la plupart en quantité limitée. Selon les prévisions pour la période allant de 2030 à 2050, les ressources en charbon et en gaz naturel du Vietnam ne pourront pas satisfaire la demande domestique. Par conséquent, les principaux objectifs de Hanoi sont de développer et d’investir dans l’hydroélectricité, les énergies renouvelables et un programme nucléaire civil. Par manque de planification rigoureuse, de financements adéquats et de tensions en mer de Chine méridionale, le plan de développement de la production d’énergie électrique vietnamien semble techniquement, financièrement et géopolitiquement impossible à réaliser sans l’aide d’acteurs étrangers, fragilisant à terme l’État-parti.
L’innovation technologique dans l’agriculture
Authors: Bellon-Maurel Véronique , Huyghe Christian
Published: July 2016

L’agriculture, et l’agroalimentaire associé, ont pour objectif global de développer des systèmes agricoles et alimentaires durables, ce que l’on peut décliner dans une recherche de triple performance, à savoir une performance économique et productive, le respect de l’environnement dans ses différentes dimensions et l’acceptabilité sociale, par les agriculteurs eux-mêmes et par la société. La robotique, les biotechnologies et le numérique sont trois champs d’application de l’innovation agricole et illustrent cette relation complexe qu’entretient la technologie avec le vivant. Ces innovations, et plus particulièrement celles du numérique, vont profondément modifier le monde agricole et ses rapports avec les consommateurs.
L’État français et le soutien à l’innovation (ou le mantra de l’innovation)
Authors: Bouvet Michel
Published: July 2016

En France, de nombreux dispositifs et lois attestent d’une réelle volonté politique de soutien à l’innovation. Face à la mondialisation, le très spécifique système français nécessite cependant de nouvelles réformes, sous peine de voir le monde économique et celui de la recherche s’éloigner, au détriment de l’innovation et de la compétitivité. Ceci passe avant tout par une nécessaire simplification des multiples dispositifs mis en place au fil des ans et devenus trop complexes. Il faudrait également repenser les objectifs de l’aide à l’innovation, en accompagnant par exemple les start-up sur le long terme afin de favoriser l’émergence d’ETI plutôt que leur rachat par des grands groupes. Il est grand temps de clarifier les visions et objectifs, simplifier les structures et stabiliser les dispositifs et la fiscalité, afin de développer une innovation résolument solide et prometteuse.
La contestation de la fiscalité locale des entreprises. Analyse d’une mobilisation contre l’augmentation de la contribution foncière des entreprises
Authors: Djouldem Mohamed
Published: July 2016

La loi de finances de 2010 avait supprimé la taxe professionnelle à laquelle elle avait substitué la contribution économique territoriale (CET) qui repose sur une base beaucoup plus réduite. La CET est composée de la cotisation sur la valeur ajoutée des entreprises (CVAE), d’une contribution foncière des entreprises (CFE) et d’une imposition forfaitaire des entreprises de réseaux (IFER). Cette réforme a entrainé un double mécontentement. Celui des élus d’abord, qui ont manifesté leurs inquiétudes, notamment à propos de l’incidence de cette réforme sur leurs ressources fiscales et son impact sur leurs capacités financières à conduire des politiques publiques. Ensuite, et c’est l’objet de ce papier, celui d’un collectif, constitué d’artisans, commerçants et entrepreneurs, qui s’est mobilisé pour contester notamment la forte hausse du montant de la CFE. Quels sont les ressorts et les motifs de cette contestation de la CFE ? Comment a été gérée la mise en œuvre de la réforme fiscale ? Avec quelles capacités les contestataires se sont-ils appropriés des enjeux fiscaux, ont identifié et imputé la responsabilité de leur problème aux acteurs de la mise en œuvre de la CFE et tenté de négocier avec eux une issue favorable à leur cause ? Cet article expose préalablement, en amont des résultats de la recherche, l’ancrage théorique qui guide le travail de terrain. Il explore et examine ensuite, dans une première partie, les ressorts et les motifs des activités pratiques de construction et de cadrage du problème, dans une seconde partie, la mobilisation et les capacités d’action des contestataires, et dans une troisième partie, les échanges politiques qui ont permis aux acteurs de s’accorder sur une solution négociée.
Légitimité et contestations fiscales : succès et échec de la réforme de la taxe de vente de 2009 dans les provinces canadiennes de l’Ontario et de la Colombie-Britannique
Authors: Tellier Geneviève
Published: July 2016

Les réformes fiscales sont rarement populaires auprès des électeurs. Par le passé, bon nombre de gouvernements qui ont entrepris des réformes fiscales ont dû en payer le prix (baisse significative de popularité, contestations populaires, révoltes fiscales, défaites électorales). L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser pourquoi la même réforme fiscale a connu un sort très différent dans deux provinces canadiennes. En 2009, les gouvernements de l’Ontario et de la Colombie-Britannique annoncent quasi simultanément qu’ils remplacent leur taxe de vente actuelle par une taxe de vente sur la valeur ajoutée (TVA). En comparant les débats et les événements suscités par cette réforme dans chacune des deux provinces, nous constatons que les deux gouvernements ont dû faire face à un fort mouvement de contestation. Ces mouvements ont même été appuyés par des individus et des groupes qui auraient normalement dû soutenir la réforme fiscale proposée. Grâce à la présence de mécanismes de consultations populaires particuliers, les électeurs de la Colombie-Britannique ont même réussi à forcer le gouvernement à abolir sa nouvelle taxe. Ce cas nous apprend que les gouvernements ne peuvent tout simplement pas ignorer l’aversion naturelle d’un grand nombre de contribuables à l’impôt ainsi que la propension des groupes d’opposition à tirer avantage de cette aversion par tous les moyens mis à leur disposition. Le bien-fondé d’une réforme fiscale ne suffit pas à lui seul à convaincre la population de sa pertinence.
Quelle joie êtes-vous ?
Authors: Easterman-Ulmann Rachel
Published: July 2016

Résumé Pour suspendre le temps à votre félicité.
« Rain drops on roses and whiskers on kittens »
Authors: Lecerf Maulpoix Cyril
Published: July 2016

Résumé Dansons sous la pluie
Trust Management Model based on Fuzzy Approach for Ubiquitous Computing
Authors: Mhetre Nalini A. , Deshpande Arvind V. , Mahalle Parikshit Narendra
Published: July 2016

The current state of ubiquitous computing has been greatly influenced by emerging networking developments like Internet of Things (IoT), Future Internet etc. Adequate trust management is crucial to provide security. The entities involved in communication must be trusted for specific purposes depending on their role. Using trust model, devices can run trust computations and guide their behaviors. To this effect, a method is needed to evaluate the level of trust between devices. Trust models investigated so far discusses that devices face problems when communicating as transforming trust relationships from real to virtual world requires the negotiation of trust based on the security properties of devices. However, these models are developed in limited devices. This paper proposes a distributed trust model for device-to-device communication in ubiquitous computing. Mathematical model based on fuzzy rules to establish trust is presented. Fuzzy simulation of the model is presented to validate the findings. Simulation results show that proposed model calculates fuzzy trust values reliably.
Selectivity-Based Keyword Extraction Method
Authors: Beliga Slobodan , Meštrović Ana , Martinčić-Ipšić Sanda
Published: July 2016

In this work the authors propose a novel Selectivity-Based Keyword Extraction (SBKE) method, which extracts keywords from the source text represented as a network. The node selectivity value is calculated from a weighted network as the average weight distributed on the links of a single node and is used in the procedure of keyword candidate ranking and extraction. The authors show that selectivity-based keyword extraction slightly outperforms an extraction based on the standard centrality measures: in/out-degree, betweenness and closeness. Therefore, they include selectivity and its modification – generalized selectivity as node centrality measures in the SBKE method. Selectivity-based extraction does not require linguistic knowledge as it is derived purely from statistical and structural information of the network. The experimental results point out that selectivity-based keyword extraction has a great potential for the collection-oriented keyword extraction task.
Quantifying the Connectivity of a Semantic Warehouse and Understanding its Evolution over Time
Authors: Mountantonakis Michalis , Minadakis Nikos , Marketakis Yannis , Fafalios Pavlos , Tzitzikas Yannis
Published: July 2016

In many applications one has to fetch and assemble pieces of information coming from more than one source for building a semantic warehouse offering more advanced query capabilities. In this paper the authors describe the corresponding requirements and challenges, and they focus on the aspects of quality and value of the warehouse. For this reason they introduce various metrics (or measures) for quantifying its connectivity, and consequently its ability to answer complex queries. The authors demonstrate the behaviour of these metrics in the context of a real and operational semantic warehouse, as well as on synthetically produced warehouses. The proposed metrics allow someone to get an overview of the contribution (to the warehouse) of each source and to quantify the value of the entire warehouse. Consequently, these metrics can be used for advancing data/endpoint profiling and for this reason the authors use an extension of VoID (for making them publishable). Such descriptions can be exploited for dataset/endpoint selection in the context of federated search. In addition, the authors show how the metrics can be used for monitoring a semantic warehouse after each reconstruction reducing thereby the cost of quality checking, as well as for understanding its evolution over time.
The Research of Wire Rope Defect Using Contactless Dynamic Method
Authors: Šutinys Ernestas , Bučinskas Vytautas , Dzedzickis Andrius
Published: July 2016

This paper is intended to reveal possibilities of defects finding in the wire ropes using dynamic properties of the tensed wire rope using specially designed test rig. The subject of the research is the tensioned wire rope with broken wires, located on surface of the rope.Fragment of steel rope (4 mm diameter and 1.35 m length) was tested experimentally in order to find mentioned defects. A measurement of vibrations of the wire fragment on this test rig was performed using contactless vibration sensors. Fragment of the rope, installed in the test rig was excited with electrodynamics vibrator, which created sinusoidal excitement indirectly, i.e. through own frame. Research of vibrations of the rope was performed in wide ranges of frequencies and desired dynamic properties of the rope fragment as a dynamic system was obtained. Finally, results of the experimental research are presented and conclusions are drawn.
The Influence of Liquid Refrigerant on Refrigerating Compressors Sliding Surfaces
Authors: Tyczewski Przemysław , Chmiel Jarosław
Published: July 2016

Reasons of compressors failures are connected with different operating conditions of individual parts. One of compressor damage reasons is pouring it over with liquid refrigerant. The purpose of this work was to carry out tests concerning the influence of refrigerant being in the liquid phase on piston compressor sliding surfaces. Tests were carried out in the mixture of synthetic polyester oil with liquid refrigerant R134a. The tests were performed with the use of the friction machine and the pair type block-on-ring simulating the refrigerating compressor inside and with the use of the real refrigerating compressor. The obtained results confirm the unfavourable influence of liquid refrigerant on friction elements in the refrigerating compressor. The role of hydrodynamic phenomena in the development of damage to the compressors has been showed.