bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Backstepping control of three‐pole radial hybrid magnetic bearing
Authors: Wu Mengyao , Zhu Huangqiu
Published: March 2020

To improve dynamic performance and robustness of a three‐pole radial hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB), a backstepping controller is designed in this study. After introducing configuration of the three‐pole radial HMB, the mathematical model is established by using the equivalent magnetic circuit method, and then the state equations are derived. Based on the state equations, the backstepping controller is designed by conducting backstepping algorithm and Lyapunov theorem which is adopted to confirm the stability of the system. Aiming at the difficulty of parameter adjustment, the adjustment factor is introduced through theoretical analysis. And the suitable value range of regulation factor is given by simulation. To identify the validity of the presented controller, the backstepping controller and the proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller are compared by simulation and experiment. Simulation and experimental results have verified that the dynamic performance and the robustness of the backstepping controller are superior to the PID controller.
Energy management with improved frequency sharing based control for battery/ultracapacitor hybrid energy system in the presence of delay
Authors: Chandra Joshi Mahendra , Samanta Susovon
Published: March 2020

Hybrid energy storage system (HESS) consists of different electrical storage devices with complementary characteristics to satisfy both the energy and power requirements of the load. This study presents an improved frequency sharing algorithm for battery/ultracapacitor (UC) HESS in the presence of delay. Time delay is inevitable with the digital implementation of control algorithms. Presence of delay deteriorates the transient response of the system by limiting the bandwidth of inner current loops. The DC‐link voltage will settle only after settling of the slower loop, i.e. battery loop, hence the presence of delay will make the system response slower in conventional methods. However, the improved algorithm shares battery current loop error during transients with faster UC current loop and hence DC‐link voltage settling becomes faster. Furthermore, for safe and efficient operation, an energy management algorithm (EMA) has been designed that ensures nominal UC voltage and other operational constraints as described in the study. To analyse the effect of UC voltage control loop on the operation of the DC‐link voltage control loop during transients, UC voltage control loop with different bandwidths have been designed and tested. Microcontroller based implementation was done for experimental verification of the improved control algorithm and EMA.
Detection of deuterated molecules, but not of lithium hydride, in the z = 0.89 absorber toward PKS 1830−211
Authors: Muller S. , Roueff E. , Black J. H. , Gérin M. , Guélin M. , Menten K. M. , Henkel C. , Aalto S. , Combes F. , Martín S. , Martí-Vidal I.
Published: March 2020

Deuterium and lithium are light elements of high cosmological and astrophysical importance. In this work we report the first detection of deuterated molecules and a search for lithium hydride, 7LiH, at redshift z = 0.89 in the spiral galaxy intercepting the line of sight to the quasar PKS 1830−211. We used ALMA to observe several submillimeter lines of ND, NH2D, and HDO, and their related isotopomers NH2, NH3, and H218O, in absorption against the southwest image of the quasar, allowing us to derive XD/XH abundance ratios. The absorption spectra mainly consist of two distinct narrow velocity components for which we find remarkable differences. One velocity component shows XD/XH abundances that is about 10 times larger than the primordial elemental D/H ratio, and no variability of the absorption profile during the time span of our observations. In contrast, the other component shows a stronger deuterium fractionation. Compared to the first component, this second component has XD/XH abundances that are 100 times larger than the primordial D/H ratio, a deepening of the absorption by a factor of two within a few months, and a rich chemical composition, with relative enhancements of N2H+, CH3OH, SO2 and complex organic molecules. We therefore speculate that this component is associated with the analog of a Galactic dark cloud, while the first component is likely more diffuse. Our search for the 7LiH (1–0) line was unsuccessful and we derive an upper limit 7LiH/H2 = 4 × 10−13 (3σ) in the z = 0.89 absorber toward PKS 1830−211. Besides, with ALMA archival data, we could not confirm the previous tentative detections of this line in the z = 0.68 absorber toward B 0218+357; we derive an upper limit 7LiH/H2 = 5 × 10−11 (3σ), although this is less constraining than our limit toward PKS 1830−211. We conclude that, as in the Milky Way, only a tiny fraction of lithium nuclei are possibly bound in LiH in these absorbers at intermediate redshift.
Sensitivity of gas-grain chemical models to surface reaction barriers
Authors: Simončič M. , Semenov D. , Krasnokutski S. , Henning Th. , Jäger C.
Published: March 2020

Context. The feasibility of contemporary gas-grain astrochemical models depends on the availability of accurate kinetics data, in particular, for surface processes.

Aims. We study the sensitivity of gas-grain chemical models to the energy barrier Ea of the important surface reaction between some of the most abundant species: C and H2 (surface C + surface H2 → surface CH2).

Methods. We used the gas-grain code ALCHEMIC to model the time-dependent chemical evolution over a 2D grid of densities (nH ∈ 103, 1012 cm−3) and temperatures (T ∈ 10, 300 K), assuming UV-dark (AV = 20 mag) and partly UV-irradiated (AV = 3 mag) conditions that are typical of the dense interstellar medium. We considered two values for the energy barrier of the surface reaction, Ea = 2500 K (as originally implemented in the networks) and Ea = 0 K (as measured in the laboratory and computed by quantum chemistry simulations).

Results. We find that if the C + H2 → CH2 surface reaction is barrierless, a more rapid conversion of the surface carbon atoms into methane ice occurs. Overproduction of the CHn hydrocarbon ices affects the surface formation of more complex hydrocarbons, cyanides and nitriles, and CS-bearing species at low temperatures ≲10−15 K. The surface hydrogenation of CO and hence the synthesis of complex (organic) molecules become affected as well. As a result, important species whose abundances may change by more than a factor of two at 1 Myr include atomic carbon, small mono-carbonic (C1) and di-carbonic (C2) hydrocarbons, CO2, CN, HCN, HNC, HNCO, CS, H2CO, H2CS, CH2CO, and CH3OH (in either gas and/or ice). The abundances of key species, CO, H2O, and N2 as well as O, HCO+, N2H+, NH3, NO, and most of the S-bearing molecules, remain almost unaffected.

Conclusions. Further accurate laboratory measurements and quantum chemical calculations of the surface reaction barriers will be crucial to improve the accuracy of astrochemical models.
Hereditäre Polyneuropathien
Authors: Ferbert A , Roth C
Published: March 2020

Polyneuropathien zählen zu den häufigsten neurologischen Erkrankungen. Die Charcot-Marie-Tooth Erkrankung (CMT) ist ihre häufigste erblich bedingte Form. Orthopädische Symptome wie ein Hohlfuß oder Krallenzehen können ein erstes Anzeichen der Krankheit sein. Verdachtsfälle können mithilfe elektrophysiologischer und sonografischer Methoden abgeklärt und ggf. molekulargenetisch genau charakterisiert werden.
Score-based improvement of the indication for surgical treatment of thyroid lesions
Authors: Eilsberger Friederike , Hartenstein Max Lennart , Librizzi Damiano , Metzger Giulia , Luster Markus , Verburg Frederik A. , Pfestroff Andreas
Published: March 2020

Background The prevalence of focal lesions in the thyroid is high in Germany. In 2018 about 70 000 thyroid surgeries were performed, although the malignancy rate of such findings is low. For this reason it is important to conduct an adequate selection of patients for whom surgery is indicated.

Aim The aim of our work was to validate the preoperative indication for surgery of thyroid lesions based on an independent, self-developed clinical score.

Patients and Methods The patient data were evaluated retrospectively over the period 2013 to 2014. A prerequisite for inclusion was that the patients had carried out their complete treatment in domo. The multiparametic score was determined retrospectively and ranges from 3 to 15. The subjective improvement of symptoms (self-disclosure > 6 months postoperatively) and the presence of malignant histology were evaluated as positive outcome parameters.

Results From a collective of 180 patients, 36 patients could be included, in whom all score-relevant parameters had been surveyed. The score distribution was 10 % score 3, 12.5 % score 4, 25 % score 5, 25 % score 6, 12.5 % score 7, 7.5 % score 8, 5 % score 9 and 2.5 % score 10. Using ROC analysis shows an AUC of 0.903, which is a very good differentiation. With a CUT-off score of 7 or higher, 86 % of patients have benefited from surgery.

Conclusion Our score with the parameters clinical complaints, sonographically defined size of the thyroid and the cytological result of a fine needle biopsy can lead to an improvement of the indication for surgical treatment of thyroid nodules.
Automated Electrochemical Selenenylations
Authors: Wirth Thomas , Amri Nasser
Published: March 2020

Integrated electrochemical reactors in automated flow systems were utilised for selenenylation reactions. The automation allowed multiple electrochemical reactions of a programmed sequence to be performed in a fully autonomous way. Many functionalised selenenylated­ products were synthesised in short reaction times in good to high yields.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Coreoside D and Determination of Its Absolute Configuration
Authors: Ogawa Narihito , Imaizumi Ryoya
Published: March 2020

We report the stereoselective synthesis of (3S)- and (3R)-coreoside D. The conjugated diyne in the C1–C14 moiety was synthesized through two types of palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. The introduction of the glucopyranose was achieved by a glycosylation reaction using an imidate derivative in the presence of a Lewis acid. The asymmetric center at the C3-position was constructed by the chiral-pool method using d-malic acid. The stereochemistry at the C3-position of the natural product was determined to be R by comparing the [α]D values of the synthetic stereoisomers with that reported for the natural product.
Transtemporal Suprajugular Approach with Neck Dissection for Jugular Foramen Tumor Resection: Operative Video
Authors: Sarris Christina E. , Stevens Shawn M. , Almefty Kaith K.
Published: March 2020

This video demonstrates the transmastoid suprajugular approach with neck dissection to a solitary fibrous tumor involving the jugular foramen and upper cervical region. This patient was a 39-year-old man who presented with dysphagia and cranial nerve (CN) XI and CN XII palsies. Imaging revealed a large homogenously enhancing lesion involving the jugular foramen and extending into the retropharyngeal space (Fig. 1). Radiographic findings supported a diagnosis of jugular foramen schwannoma. After an initial period of observation, the tumor demonstrated significant growth, and the patient agreed to proceed with surgery. The suprajugular approach allowed for exposure and resection of the tumor without mobilization of the facial nerve. The patient had an excellent clinical outcome with House–Brackmann grade-1 facial function, safely tolerated a regular diet, had intact CN XI function, and had a stable CN XII palsy (Fig. 2). Pathology findings identified the tumor as a hemangiopericytoma World Health Organization grade 1 (solitary fibrous tumor).

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/C4sPyHcLMA0.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Fecundation, Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Authors: Politano Carlos Alberto , López-Berroa Jorge
Published: March 2020

Long-chain omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as the eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, have been linked to human health in all stages of life, from fetal development to aging. These PUFAs act as precursors for various metabolites involved in the prevention of certain diseases. The recognizable effects of these supplements prior to pregnancy (oocyte maturation), during pregnancy (improvement in the risk of premature delivery, among others) and in the offspring (in terms of cognitive function and the approach to neurodevelopmental disorders) are described in the present narrative review. We concluded that the diffusion of these supplements may improve the prognosis of these patients in a simple, effective way, and with high safety rates.
Platelet Count and Function during Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Cashen Katherine , Meert Kathleen , Dalton Heidi J.
Published: March 2020

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a form of life support used to treat neonates, children, and adults with cardiorespiratory failure refractory to conventional therapy. This therapy requires the use of anticoagulation to prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circuit, but anticoagulation also increases the risk of bleeding on ECMO. Both bleeding and thrombosis remain significant complications on ECMO and balancing these risks is challenging. Acquired platelet dysfunction is common during ECMO and quantitative and qualitative platelet dysfunction contributes to bleeding risk. Optimal platelet count, function, and transfusion thresholds are not well established during pediatric ECMO. In this review, we provide an overview of hemostatic alterations during ECMO, changes in platelet count and function, platelet monitoring techniques, bleeding risk, and future needs to best optimize patient management and care.
Spin-transport in superconductors
Authors: Ohnishi K. , Komori S. , Yang G. , Jeon K.-R. , Olde Olthof L. A. B. , Montiel X. , Blamire M. G. , Robinson J. W. A.
Published: March 2020

Spin-transport in superconductors is a subject of fundamental and technical importance with the potential for applications in superconducting-based cryogenic memory and logic. Research in this area is rapidly intensifying with recent discoveries establishing the field of superconducting spintronics. In this perspective, we provide an overview of the experimental state-of-the-art with a particular focus on local and nonlocal spin-transport in superconductors and propose device schemes to demonstrate the viability of superconducting spin-based devices.
Liquid crystal programmable metasurface for terahertz beam steering
Authors: Wu Jingbo , Shen Ze , Ge Shijun , Chen Benwen , Shen Zhixiong , Wang Taofeng , Zhang Caihong , Hu Wei , Fan Kebin , Padilla Willie , Lu Yanqing , Jin Biaobing , Chen Jian , Wu Peiheng
Published: March 2020

The coding metasurface integrated with tunable materials offers an attractive alternative to manipulate the THz beam dynamically. In this work, we demonstrate a THz programmable metasurface based on liquid crystal. The phase profile on the metasurface could be dynamically manipulated by switching the “0” and “1” states of each element. The programmable metasurface could deflect the THz beam using the designed coding sequence, and a maximum deflection angle of 32° has been achieved. The presented design opens a route of beamforming for THz communication.
Light modulation of magnetization switching in PMN-PT/Ni heterostructure
Authors: Zhang Xu , Guo Xiaobin , Cui Baoshan , Yun Jijun , Mao Jian , Zuo Yalu , Xi Li
Published: March 2020

The (011) Pb (Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 (PMN-PT)/Ni heterostructure was prepared, and the influence of light on magnetization reversal behaviors of the Ni layer was investigated. We found that the ferroelectric domain of the PMN-PT substrate was tuned by a photostrictive effect, and it further changes the magnetization state of the adjacent Ni layer. Additionally, with electric field polarization, the PMN-PT/Ni heterostructure exhibits controllable magnetization switching behaviors under the application of a proper light intensity. It provides a reliable way to manipulate the magnetization switching process, which is promising for the design and implementation of low power memory and spintronic devices.
Sub-Sm–1 electromagnetic induction imaging with an unshielded atomic magnetometer
Authors: Deans Cameron , Marmugi Luca , Renzoni Ferruccio
Published: March 2020

Progress in electromagnetic induction imaging with atomic magnetometers has brought its domain to the edge of the regime useful for biomedical imaging. However, a demonstration of imaging below the required 1 Sm−1 level is still missing. In this Letter, we use an 87Rb radio frequency atomic magnetometer operating near room temperature in an unshielded environment to image calibrated solutions mimicking the electric conductivity of live tissues. By combining the recently introduced near-resonant imaging technique with a dual radio frequency coil excitation scheme, we image 5 ml of solutions down to 0.9 Sm−1. We measure a signal-to-noise ratio of 2.7 at 2 MHz for 0.9 Sm−1, increased up to 7.2 with offline averaging. Our work is an improvement of 50 times on previous imaging results and demonstrates the sensitivity and stability in unshielded environments required for imaging biological tissues, in particular for the human heart.
Evidence for habitual climbing in a Pleistocene hominin in South Africa
Authors: Georgiou Leoni , Dunmore Christopher J. , Bardo Ameline , Buck Laura T. , Hublin Jean-Jacques , Pahr Dieter H. , Stratford Dominic , Synek Alexander , Kivell Tracy L. , Skinner Matthew M.
Published: March 2020

Bipedalism is a defining trait of the hominin lineage, associated with a transition from a more arboreal to a more terrestrial environment. While there is debate about when modern human-like bipedalism first appeared in hominins, all known South African hominins show morphological adaptations to bipedalism, suggesting that this was their predominant mode of locomotion. Here we present evidence that hominins preserved in the Sterkfontein Caves practiced two different locomotor repertoires. The trabecular structure of a proximal femur (StW 522) attributed toAustralopithecus africanusexhibits a modern human-like bipedal locomotor pattern, while that of a geologically younger specimen (StW 311) attributed to eitherHomosp. orParanthropus robustusexhibits a pattern more similar to nonhuman apes, potentially suggesting regular bouts of both climbing and terrestrial bipedalism. Our results demonstrate distinct morphological differences, linked to behavioral differences betweenAustralopithecusand later hominins in South Africa and contribute to the increasing evidence of locomotor diversity within the hominin clade.
Longitudinal changes in DLPFC activation during childhood are related to decreased aggression following social rejection
Authors: Achterberg Michelle , van Duijvenvoorde Anna C. K. , van IJzendoorn Marinus H. , Bakermans-Kranenburg Marian J. , Crone Eveline A.
Published: March 2020

Regulating aggression after social feedback is an important prerequisite for developing and maintaining social relations, especially in the current times with larger emphasis on online social evaluation. Studies in adults highlighted the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in regulating aggression. Little is known about the development of aggression regulation following social feedback during childhood, while this is an important period for both brain maturation and social relations. The current study used a longitudinal design, with 456 twins undergoing two functional MRI sessions across the transition from middle (7 to 9 y) to late (9 to 11 y) childhood. Aggression regulation was studied using the Social Network Aggression Task. Behavioral aggression after social evaluation decreased over time, whereas activation in the insula, dorsomedial PFC and DLPFC increased over time. Brain–behavior analyses showed that increased DLPFC activation after negative feedback was associated with decreased aggression. Change analyses further revealed that children with larger increases in DLPFC activity from middle to late childhood showed stronger decreases in aggression over time. These findings provide insights into the development of social evaluation sensitivity and aggression control in childhood.
Humans incorporate trial-to-trial working memory uncertainty into rewarded decisions
Authors: Honig Maija , Ma Wei Ji , Fougnie Daryl
Published: March 2020

Working memory (WM) plays an important role in action planning and decision making; however, both the informational content of memory and how that information is used in decisions remain poorly understood. To investigate this, we used a color WM task in which subjects viewed colored stimuli and reported both an estimate of a stimulus color and a measure of memory uncertainty, obtained through a rewarded decision. Reported memory uncertainty is correlated with memory error, showing that people incorporate their trial-to-trial memory quality into rewarded decisions. Moreover, memory uncertainty can be combined with other sources of information; after inducing expectations (prior beliefs) about stimuli probabilities, we found that estimates became shifted toward expected colors, with the shift increasing with reported uncertainty. The data are best fit by models in which people incorporate their trial-to-trial memory uncertainty with potential rewards and prior beliefs. Our results suggest that WM represents uncertainty information, and that this can be combined with prior beliefs. This highlights the potential complexity of WM representations and shows that rewarded decision can be a powerful tool for examining WM and informing and constraining theoretical, computational, and neurobiological models of memory.
The carbon content of Earth and its core
Authors: Fischer Rebecca A. , Cottrell Elizabeth , Hauri Erik , Lee Kanani K. M. , Le Voyer Marion
Published: March 2020

Significance

Carbon is critical to life on Earth, climate regulation, and many geological processes. Despite its importance, the amount of carbon in the planet has been poorly understood due to uncertainty in the composition of Earth’s core, likely the largest reservoir of carbon. Here, we demonstrate that carbon becomes increasingly compatible in silicate compared to metal at the high pressures and temperatures at which Earth’s core formed. Therefore, carbon can only be present in the core in low abundances, although the core still likely holds the vast majority of the planet’s carbon.
Ancient engineering of fish capture and storage in southwest Florida
Authors: Thompson Victor D. , Marquardt William H. , Savarese Michael , Walker Karen J. , Newsom Lee A. , Lulewicz Isabelle , Lawres Nathan R. , Roberts Thompson Amanda D. , Bacon Allan R. , Walser Christoph A.
Published: March 2020

Significance

Fish were captured and stored by Native Americans of southwestern Florida in complex walled structures called watercourts, constructed of shell and other sediments. These structures were engineered with knowledge of tidal systems, hydrology, and the biology of species to be stored in these courts. This work documents the considerable ability of the Calusa, a nonagricultural society, to engineer systems that significantly alter their natural environment. These structures are associated with an ever-growing population and complex system of governance among the Calusa of Florida.
Mechanistic basis for microhomology identification and genome scarring by polymerase theta
Authors: Carvajal-Garcia Juan , Cho Jang-Eun , Carvajal-Garcia Pablo , Feng Wanjuan , Wood Richard D. , Sekelsky Jeff , Gupta Gaorav P. , Roberts Steven A. , Ramsden Dale A.
Published: March 2020

DNA polymerase theta mediates an end joining pathway (TMEJ) that repairs chromosome breaks. It requires resection of broken ends to generate long, 3′ single-stranded DNA tails, annealing of complementary sequence segments (microhomologies) in these tails, followed by microhomology-primed synthesis sufficient to resolve broken ends. The means by which microhomologies are identified is thus a critical step in this pathway, but is not understood. Here we show microhomologies are identified by a scanning mechanism initiated from the 3′ terminus and favoring bidirectional progression into flanking DNA, typically to a maximum of 15 nucleotides into each flank. Polymerase theta is frequently insufficiently processive to complete repair of breaks in microhomology-poor, AT-rich regions. Aborted synthesis leads to one or more additional rounds of microhomology search, annealing, and synthesis; this promotes complete repair in part because earlier rounds of synthesis generate microhomologies de novo that are sufficiently long that synthesis is more processive. Aborted rounds of synthesis are evident in characteristic genomic scars as insertions of 3 to 30 bp of sequence that is identical to flanking DNA (“templated” insertions). Templated insertions are present at higher levels in breast cancer genomes from patients with germline
BRCA1
/
2
mutations, consistent with an addiction to TMEJ in these cancers. Our work thus describes the mechanism for microhomology identification and shows how it both mitigates limitations implicit in the microhomology requirement and generates distinctive genomic scars associated with pathogenic genome instability.
Water lily (
Nymphaea thermarum
) genome reveals variable genomic signatures of ancient vascular cambium losses
Authors: Povilus Rebecca A. , DaCosta Jeffrey M. , Grassa Christopher , Satyaki Prasad R. V. , Moeglein Morgan , Jaenisch Johan , Xi Zhenxiang , Mathews Sarah , Gehring Mary , Davis Charles C. , Friedman William E.
Published: March 2020

For more than 225 million y, all seed plants were woody trees, shrubs, or vines. Shortly after the origin of angiosperms ∼140 million y ago (MYA), the Nymphaeales (water lilies) became one of the first lineages to deviate from their ancestral, woody habit by losing the vascular cambium, the meristematic population of cells that produces secondary xylem (wood) and phloem. Many of the genes and gene families that regulate differentiation of secondary tissues also regulate the differentiation of primary xylem and phloem, which are produced by apical meristems and retained in nearly all seed plants. Here, we sequenced and assembled a draft genome of the water lily
Nymphaea thermarum
, an emerging system for the study of early flowering plant evolution, and compared it to genomes from other cambium-bearing and cambium-less lineages (e.g., monocots and
Nelumbo
). This revealed lineage-specific patterns of gene loss and divergence.
Nymphaea
is characterized by a significant contraction of the HD-ZIP III transcription factors, specifically loss of
REVOLUTA
, which influences cambial activity in other angiosperms. We also found the
Nymphaea
and monocot copies of cambium-associated CLE signaling peptides display unique substitutions at otherwise highly conserved amino acids.
Nelumbo
displays no obvious divergence in cambium-associated genes. The divergent genomic signatures of convergent loss of vascular cambium reveals that even pleiotropic genes can exhibit unique divergence patterns in association with independent events of trait loss. Our results shed light on the evolution of herbaceousness—one of the key biological innovations associated with the earliest phases of angiosperm evolution.
Quantum entanglement dynamics based on composite quantum collision model*
Authors: Li Xiao-Ming , Chen Yong-Xu , Xia Yun-Jie , Zhang Qi , Man Zhong-Xiao
Published: March 2020

By means of composite quantum collision models, we study the entanglement dynamics of a bipartite system, i.e., two qubits S
1 and S
2 interacting directly with an intermediate auxiliary qubit S
A, while S
A is in turn coupled to a thermal reservoir. We are concerned with how the intracollisions of the reservoir qubits influence the entanglement dynamics. We show that even if the system is initially in the separated state, their entanglement can be generated due to the interaction between the qubits. In the long-time limit, the steady-state entanglement can be generated depending on the initial state of S
1 and S
2 and the environment temperature. We also study the dynamics of tripartite entanglement of the three qubits S
1, S
2, and S
A when they are initially prepared in the GHZ state and separated state, respectively. For the GHZ initial state, the tripartite entanglement can be maintained for a long time when the collision strength between the environment qubits is sufficiently large.
Potential dynamic analysis of tumor suppressor p53 regulated by Wip1 protein*
Authors: Liu Nan , Wang Dan-Ni , Liu Hai-Ying , Yang Hong-Li , Yang Lian-Gui
Published: March 2020

The tumor suppressor p53 plays a key role in protecting genetic integrity. Its dynamics have important physiological significance, which may be related to the cell fate. Previous experiments have shown that the wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) protein could maintain p53 oscillation. Therefore, we add Wip1 to remodel the p53 network. Firstly, we use the binomial τ-leap algorithm to prove our model stable under internal noise. Then, we make a series of bifurcation diagrams, that is, p53 levels as a function of p53 degradation rate at different Wip1 generation rates. The results illustrate that Wip1 is essential for p53 oscillation. Finally, a two-dimensional bifurcation diagram is made and the stability of some p53 dynamics under external noise is analyzed by potential landscape. Our results may have some implications for artificially interfering with p53 dynamics to achieve tumor suppression.
Developing SIMASTI to disseminate information of season prediction and prepare for adaptation strategies in agriculture to climate change
Authors: Sekaranom A B , Nurjani E , Harini R , Mutaqin A S
Published: March 2020

Even though climate change has a multisectoral impact on the agricultural country Indonesia, farming sector experiences the most significant adversity. The concomitant climate uncertainty potentially harms in particular traditional farmers. Current technology is now able to predict weather and climate conditions, and as such, it is useful for farmers as an input to their decision-making process in farmland management. This paper explains the design of a mobile application created by researchers to present information on seasonal weather prediction that fits adaptation measures in the agricultural sector to climate variability. The product can help to enhance the adaptation capacity of communities to erratic climate, particularly farmers and the Office of Agriculture in Temanggung District. Also, the application is expected to provide recommendations for both parties to be able to reduce crop failure and subsequent loss due to climate variability and increase the resilience of farmers to climate change impact, especially the persistent increase and decrease in rainfall each in the rainy and dry season.
Smorph application for landslide identification in Kebumen Regency
Authors: Ramdhoni F , Damayanti A , Indra T L
Published: March 2020

Indonesia is a country that has natural geological disasters. One of the most frequent geological disasters in Indonesia is a landslide. Landslides are movements of rock or soil mass due to gravitational forces pulling down accompanied by a driving force on the slopes greater than the innate material. Identification and mapping of landslide potential areas has an important role as an effort to overcome and anticipate landslides. One of methods that can be used to determine potential landslides is the SMORPH method. The SMORPH method will produce a landslide classification based on a matrix between slope angle and slope form. This study aims to analyze the landslides potential distribution area in Kebumen Regency. Landslide identification was carried out at 30 locations of landslide events. Spatial analysis of landslide potential is done by overlaying the slope angle with slope form. The potential level for low landslides has a percentage of 79.54% in the southern and central parts of Kebumen Regency, the level of moderate potential level with a percentage of 8.81% randomly scattered over the Kebumen Regency, and 11.65% of high potential level in the north and southwest of Kebumen Regency.
Building volcanic disaster resilience community through school and education
Authors: Mei E T W , Putri R F , Sadali M I , Febrita D , Yulandari E D , Anggriani M , Niam R A , Rasyida F Z O , Wardhani A G , Paramita T P
Published: March 2020

School has a significant role in building community resilience since school has the responsibility to deliver knowledge and science in a one hand, and has the capacity to implement disaster risk reduction education in the other hand. Having more than eighty schools located in volcanic disaster prone areas, Merapi volcano is one of the most densely populated volcanoes in the world. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of schools in implementing disaster risk reduction education through a program entitled Sister School and to 1nalyse teachers’ and pupils’ knowledge and experience on volcanic disaster and risk reduction awareness program. In addition, this research tries to 1nalyse their acceptance towards this disaster resilience program. This research was conducted in two schools located in a volcanic prone area, one as affected school and one as supporting school. The results showed that schools located in the highest volcanic prone area participate in the Sister School program. Most of teachers and pupils of the affected school and supporting school have good knowledge on volcanic disaster since most of them experienced the 2010 Merapi volcanic eruption and participated different volcanic risk reduction awareness programs. Teachers and pupils have positive acceptance towards sister school program.
Land priority area for agribusiness development based on human and economic resources in Central Java
Authors: Putri R F , Aji A , Sulistya A R
Published: March 2020

The agricultural sector is the main sector almost in every region in Indonesia and also in Central Java. The agricultural sector needs more land for agribusiness development. Agribusiness development referrals are away on making use of those potentials. This study aims to determine the land priority area for agriculture development based on human and economic resources in Central Java using DR (Dependency Ratio), LP (Labour Productivity), LQ (Location Quotient), Food Security, and Land Carrying Capacity (LCC) and the analysis using SWOT method. The results showed the DR is <50, and the labor productivity in the industrial sector is greater than the agricultural sector. The GDP of the industrial sector is greater than the agricultural sector, in which the value of LQ> 1, where the agricultural sector is the main sector and the agribusiness sector is expected to improve the welfare of the population through poverty reduction and the increase of HDI in Central Java.
Integration of participatory and aerial mapping for sea turtle conservation zoning in Malang coastal area
Authors: Sunarto  , Purnama I L S , Mardiatno D , Malawani M N , Prasetyaningrum A , Safitri A E , Sasongko M H D
Published: March 2020

One of the sea turtle nesting habitats in Indonesia is located on the southern coast of Java Island. Bajul Mati and Jolangkung coastal areas, Malang Regency are locations of sea turtle nesting that exist in Java Island and already had conservation efforts along with it. The data inventories are nesting area data gathering and the result of sea turtle nesting which is aimed to develop conservation efforts. The purpose of this research is to integrate participation maps with aerial photographs and to identify potentials and challenges of the eco-tourism activity in the coastal area of Malang Regency. The data used are participation maps nesting point, aerial photographs result, and plotting point of nesting. The method in this research includes digital participation maps making which is then integrated with aerial photographs result and plotting point of nesting. The result of this research is integration maps of participation with aerial photographs which show in coastal area zonation as the habitat of sea turtle nesting and conservation area zonation. The conservation area zoning is one form of education for the ecotourism approach. The challenge of eco-tourism activity is to grow the regional government’s trust and commitment to join and participate in sustainable eco-tourism.
Carrying capacity trend and projection analysis for Sumatra Selatan agricultural land in 2030
Authors: Kafafa U , Nadia H , Fadilah G O , Abadi A W , Putri R F
Published: March 2020

This research is conducted to determine and analyze carrying capacity of agricultural land of Sumatra Selatan in 2015 as well as to project it in 2030. The analysis is also carried out to describe the Optimum Population Number and Land Requirement per Hectare of each regency and municipality in 2030. The research method applied using quantitatively descriptive method in which the data is collected from secondary source such as Agricultural Ministry and Central Statistics Agency publication and supported by literature study. The result shows that Sumatra Selatan has high carrying capacity (τ > 1) in 2015 and 2030. It means that the province is capable of food self-sufficiency since the province is underpopulated. The projection indicates that there is decline of carrying capacity in 2030 occurring across the province. For example, Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) Regency which previously has high carrying capacity, is predicted to have experience low carrying capacity.
The community-based conservation management in gunung sewu unesco global geopark cased study of Nglanggeran Geoheritage
Authors: Suyanto A , Haryono E , Baiquni M
Published: March 2020

Nglanggeran geoheritage is considered successful, sustainable, and get some recognition from the national and international organization. This site has established purely from the community engagement to take care of their environment by restoring the environment around the ancient volcano areas. The objective of the research is to explore the management model and community participation in conservation activities at the site. The data were collected by the field survey and interview at Nglanggeran village. The data is analyzed by descriptive analysis. The result shows the village create its characteristic strategy to conserve the geoheritage through tourism based on its local resource combined with the concept of Community-based conservation (CBC) adopting from ASEAN Community Based Tourism (CBT) Standard. Nglanggeran stakeholder was able to meet the standard, especially in Standards for conserving natural resources and Standards for conservation activities to improve the environment. The community-based conservation can contribute to the objectives of Agenda 21 at the local scale, highlighting the potential for interaction between socioeconomic development and conservation of the geoheritage natural environment. The community-based conservation is a starting point for tourism to preserve geoheritage through involving and raising public awareness of local communities.
The spatial distribution of nitrate and phosphate in Sempor Reservoir, Kebumen Regency, Central Java
Authors: Suprayogi S , Rachma H A , Latifah R
Published: March 2020

Sempor Reservoir is used for irrigation, domestic, industrial, and tourism purposes, as well as hydroelectric power plant and inland fish farming in pens. The land use in its catchment area is mainly plantation (74%) and, followed by, rice field (8.13%), dry farmland (7.74%), and settlement (5.69%). Agricultural activities, both in irrigated and rainfed farming systems, apply fertilizers to maintain crop quality, but when these substances washed away by surface runoff and transported through the drainage system, they end up increasing nutrients in water bodies. Excess nutrients like nitrate and phosphate induce a rapid growth of algae and aquatic plants, disrupting the ecosystems. This study was designed to identify the spatial distribution of nitrate and phosphate in Sempor Reservoir by field observation, water sampling, and laboratory analysis. The water was collected from 25 sampling points distributed at the outlet (close to the spillway), in the middle and the upstream of the reservoir, and around the fish pens (near the check dam). The results showed that nitrate was present on the reservoir water surface and at a depth of 1 meter at varying concentrations, i.e., <0.01-0.36 mg/L. The phosphate levels were <0.01-0.31 mg/L on the surface and <0.01-4.78 mg/L at a depth of 1 meter. The upstream had very high nitrate concentrations both on the surface and at a depth of 1 meter, while the outlet had very high content only at a depth of 1 meter. As for phosphate, very high concentrations were identified in the middle surface of the reservoir (near the pier) and at 1m depth around the fish pens.
Water quality analysis of bribin underground river as the source of raw water for a government-owned water company (pdam) in the bribin management unit, Gunungkidul regency-Indonesia
Authors: Widyastuti M , Irshabdillah M R , Firizqi F
Published: March 2020

Bribin Underground River supplies raw water for a government-owned water company, PDAM, and has more potential than the other three of its sources, namely Baron, Seropan, and Ngobaran. In addition to sufficient quantity, raw water has to meet a set of water quality standards. This research was intended to describe the quality of raw water from the source to the service areas spatially. The water quality was measured directly in the field and then in the laboratory using the water samples collected by the purposive sampling technique. The test analyzed physical, biological, and chemical parameters. According to Governor Regulation No. 20 of 2008, some water quality parameters of Bribin Underground River exceed the standards for Class I raw water i.e. TSS, pH and NO3. Besides, according to the Decree of Health Minister No 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010, pH and total coliform number exceed the standard. A spatial variation in water quality was detected from Bribin Underground River to customer taps, especially in parameters that have significant changes, such as pH, EC, TDS, TSS, nitrate, and total coliform. Spatially, the content of TDS and EC that correlates each other show a fluctuating result according to water flow treatment in water treatment plant (WTP) and the reservoir. pH and total coliform show increasing trends of number from the source to customer taps, whereas TSS and nitrate show decline trends.
Water balance analysis of springs in Banjarasri Village, Kalibawang Sub-District, Kulonprogo District
Authors: Santosa L W , Harsanti A.
Published: March 2020

Water is essential for all living things and has an important role in human life. A spring is groundwater that comes to the ground surface naturally and centrally and forms a water flow. Springs is important and vital for some region in providing water sources. One of the regions using springs as the main water resource is Banjarasri Village. The usage of spring should be recked to avoid lack of water in the future. The objectives of the study were (1) to calculate the availability of springwater in Banjarasri Village, Kalibawang Sub-District, Kulonprogo Regency (2) to calculate the water demand based on domestic use and livestock utilization in Banjarasri Village, and (3)calculate the water balance of spring. The method used is a survey and field measurements to counting the availability of springwater, interviews to determine the amount of water demand, and the water balance method to analyze the amount of water availability and demand. The availability of total water in the dry season is 138,544 m3/year, while the rainy season is 227,888 m3/year. The total water needed is 91,200 m3/year consisting of domestic water needs and livestock water needs. The results of the water balance calculation show the total water availability can meet the water needs of the population in one village, but the uneven distribution causes some hamlets to have deficit water. The dry season surplus is 47343 m3/year, while the rainy season surplus is 137,220 m3/year.
Study of design discharge and river capacity in Celeng Sub-watershed, Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Abadi A W , Astuti B I D , Kurniasari  , Siahaan Y V O , Jamil U A , Widyaningrum W , Jatti A P , Putri N H , Astabella R D , Pratiwi C B I , Ayumi N , Hayat D M , Putra J H , Putri R F
Published: March 2020

Celeng sub-watershed is a catchment area located in the Oyo watershed. This catchment has circular shape which is situated in the alluvial plain. In the 2018, there was a huge flood occurred in the area that was triggered by Savana Cyclone. The cyclone itself contributed in extreme precipitation, resulted in high discharge in a very short time, and spilled over the riverbank. The research aims (1) to analyze the discharge capacity in the Celeng sub-watershed, (2) to determine the design discharge of Celeng sub-watershed for 2, 5, 10, and 25 years return period, and (3) to evaluate whether the design discharge excess the Celeng river capacity or not. The research uses quantitative analysis through rational method and slope area method. The design discharge measured by rational method and applied to evaluate the river capacity along with rational method. The result shows that the area does not experience flood in all return period.
Nutrien flux in the Bompon Watershed, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Wijayanti N F , Delweis B A , Christanto N , Haryono E
Published: March 2020

In several places, agriculture area is the main contributor of Nitrogen and Phosphate existence in water. This research conducted in Bompon Watershed which has agriculture area 90% of the total area. This study aims to measure the amount of Nitrogen and Phosphate losses during May 2018 – May 2019. The calculation of Nitrogen loss is conducted through field sampling, and load calculation. In the period without measurement, daily load were estimated by interpolation between L and Q relation. The result of this research shows that the most dominant amount of nutrient pollution in Bompon watershed are Nitrate and Phosphate with the number reach 6.5 kh NO3-N/day or 1,084 kg NO3-N/month and 103 kg P/day or 883 kg P/month.
Relationship between extreme rainfall based on GSMaP data with Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) in Bangka Island
Authors: Fadholi A , Nurjani E , Suprayogi S , Adzani R
Published: March 2020

The effect of MJO events on extreme rainfall events on Bangka Island needs to be spatially studied in more detail. The low quality of rain station data encourages the use of alternative data such as Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP). This study aimed to analyze the influence of active MJO on extreme rainfall events using GSMaP data on Bangka Island. The methods used are extreme threshold of 95th, 98th and 99th percentile, the Spearman Rank correlation between extreme rainfall events and active MJO and its correlation significance test. The results showed that northern coast has the highest range of extreme threshold. The correlation significance test showed GSMaP grids that have a significant correlation with the MJO are in the north of the Island, especially coast area. MJO phases 3 and 5 have an impact on decreasing of extreme rainfall events which are known through the negative correlation values. From all the three extreme thresholds, it was only MJO phase 4 that increasing extreme rainfall events. Active MJO phase 4 causes Bangka Island as a convective area, while MJO phases 3 and 5 affect the formation of suppressed areas on Bangka Island.