bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN LITERASI MATEMATIKA SISWA BERKEMAMPUAN MATEMATIS RENDAH DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL BERBENTUK PISA
Authors: Khoirudin Ahmad , Dwi Styawati Rina , Nursyahida Farida
Published: December 2017

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui profil atau gambaran tentang bagaimana kemampuan literasi matematika siswa berkemampuan matematis rendah dalan menyelesaikan soal berbentuk PISA dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tinggi rendahnya kemampuan literasi matematika siswa. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 1 Purwodadi dan sebagai subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII H SMP Negeri 1 Purwodadi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, tes dan observasi. Dimana dalam pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan selama 2 kali pengambilan data. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan dengan kategori berkemampuan pengetahuan matematis rendah hanya sampai pada level 1. Hasil tersebut juga dipengeruhi bebrapa faktor antara lain: 1) materi yang dipilih, 2) pembelajaran yang diberikan oleh guru, 3) lingkungan kelas, 4) dukungan lingkungan keluarga,  5) kesiapan dalam pelaksanaan tes dan 6) kemampuan yang dimiliki setiap siswa sendiri. Kata kunci: Profil, Kemampuan Literasi Matematik, PISA
Caries in patients with cleft lip and palate, and their dental rehabilitation. Presentation of a clinical case
Authors: Ibáñez Carlos E. Varela , Viveros Diana Rivero , Navarrete Margarita Ibarra
Published: December 2017

During the first three months of pregnancy, the parts of the palate and upper lip normally meet. When this union does not occur, the baby will present cleft lip and / or cleft palate. This type of malformation occurs in 1 in every 700 births. The presence of a cleft lip and cleft palate can cause various dental problems such as changes in shape, number, size, dental malposition, as well as developmental defects of enamel. Poor oral hygiene of children with cleft lip and cleft palate may contribute to the high prevalence of dental caries in these patients. We performed comprehensive dental rehabilitation of a female patient of 5 years 4 months old, diagnosed with cleft lip and cleft palate, which initially presented dental malposition, poor hygiene, and irregular shape of the arches and involvement of adjacent teeth to the slit. Strategies have been developed to prevent early childhood tooth decay, which should be considered for inclusion in the protocol of patients with cleft lip and cleft palate. We conclude that an early dental management of such patients, a periodic monitoring of bacterial plaque and instructing parents to good oral hygiene of the patients, reduce caries risk factors in this type of patients, thus favoring treatment operative success.
Yeşil alanların kent turizmine katkısının Antalya örneğinde incelenmesi
Authors: Zeğerek Pınar , Ortaçeşme Veli
Published: December 2017

Kentsel
açık ve yeşil alanlar, kentleri cazip kılan unsurlar arasında yer almaktadır ve
deniz-kum-güneş üçlüsüne dayalı kitle turizmine alternatif olarak kent
turizminin ortaya çıkmasında da etkilidirler. Bu çalışmada Türk turizminin
başkenti olarak nitelenen Antalya'nın sahip olduğu açık ve yeşil alanların kent
turizmine katkısı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla, Antalya kenti ile
ilgili yazılı ve görsel tanıtım kanalları incelenmiş ve ayrıca kenti ziyaret
eden yerli ve yabancı turistlerle anket çalışması yapılarak kentin sahip olduğu
yeşil alanların, turistlerin destinasyon tercihini etkileme gücü ölçülmeye
çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre ziyaretçilerin % 75.9'u yeşil
alanların seyahat kararlarını etkilediğini belirtmiştir. Antalya kentini tercih
etmeden önce kentin yeşil alanlarıyla ilgili bilgiye rastlayıp rastlamadıkları
sorgulandığında % 41.2'lik bir kesim herhangi bir bilgiye rastlamadığını
belirtmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar yeşil alanların kent turizminin
gelişiminde etkili olduğunu, ancak Antalya kentinin yeşil alanları ile ilgili
yeterli tanıtımın yapılmadığını ve yeşil alanların Antalya’nın markalaşma
sürecinde etkin kullanılmadığını ortaya koymuştur.
Mindbend: Robin Cook. New York: Signet, 1985. 346pp
Authors: Amatya Shripa
Published: December 2017

Not available.Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, Vol. 5, No. 4, Issue 18, Oct.-Dec., 2016, Page: 136-136
Ectopic brain tissue in the trigeminal nerve presenting as rapid-onset trigeminal neuralgia: case report
Authors: Zimering Jeffrey H. , Stone Jonathan J. , Paulzak Audrey , Markman John D. , Johnson Mahlon D. , Vates G. Edward
Published: December 2017

The authors report the case of a 52-year-old man who presented with rapid-onset lancinating facial pain consistent with trigeminal neuralgia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a nonenhancing small lesion on the right trigeminal nerve concerning for an atypical schwannoma or neuroma. The patient underwent resection of the mass via a right retrosigmoid approach. His facial pain completely resolved immediately postoperatively and had not recurred at 6 months after surgery. The mass was consistent with normal brain tissue (neurons and glial cells) without evidence of mitoses. A final histopathological diagnosis of ectopic brain tissue with neural tissue demonstrating focal, chronic T-cell inflammation was made. The partial rhizotomy during resection was curative for the facial pain. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of neuroglial ectopia causing trigeminal neuralgia.
Automated reasoning for equivalences in the applied pi calculus with barriers
Authors: Blanchet Bruno , Smyth Ben
Published: December 2017

Observational equivalence allows us to study important security properties such as anonymity. Unfortunately, the difficulty of proving observational equivalence hinders analysis. Blanchet, Abadi & Fournet simplify its proof by introducing a sufficient condition for observational equivalence, called diff-equivalence, which is a reachability condition that can be proved automatically by ProVerif. However, diff-equivalence is a very strong condition, which often does not hold even if observational equivalence does. In particular, when proving equivalence between processes that contain several parallel components, e.g., [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], diff-equivalence requires that P is equivalent to [Formula: see text] and Q is equivalent to [Formula: see text]. To relax this constraint, Delaune, Ryan & Smyth introduced the idea of swapping data between parallel processes [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at synchronisation points, without proving its soundness. We extend their work by formalising the semantics of synchronisation, formalising the definition of swapping, and proving its soundness. We also relax some restrictions they had on the processes to which swapping can be applied. Moreover, we have implemented our results in ProVerif. Hence, we extend the class of equivalences that can be proved automatically. We showcase our results by analysing privacy in election schemes by Fujioka, Okamoto & Ohta, Lee et al., and Juels, Catalano & Jakobsson, and in the vehicular ad-hoc network by Freudiger et al.
GasLib—A Library of Gas Network Instances
Authors: Schmidt Martin , Aßmann Denis , Burlacu Robert , Humpola Jesco , Joormann Imke , Kanelakis Nikolaos , Koch Thorsten , Oucherif Djamal , Pfetsch Marc E. , Schewe Lars , Schwarz Robert , Sirvent Mathias
Published: December 2017

The development of mathematical simulation and optimization models and algorithms for solving gas transport problems is an active field of research. In order to test and compare these models and algorithms, gas network instances together with demand data are needed. The goal of GasLib is to provide a set of publicly available gas network instances that can be used by researchers in the field of gas transport. The advantages are that researchers save time by using these instances and that different models and algorithms can be compared on the same specified test sets. The library instances are encoded in an XML (extensible markup language) format. In this paper, we explain this format and present the instances that are available in the library.
Entropic Constitutive Relation and Modeling for Fourier and Hyperbolic Heat Conductions
Authors: Li Shu-Nan , Cao Bing-Yang
Published: December 2017

Most existing phenomenological heat conduction models are expressed by temperature and heat flux distributions, whose definitions might be debatable in heat conductions with strong non-equilibrium. The constitutive relations of Fourier and hyperbolic heat conductions are here rewritten by the entropy and entropy flux distributions in the frameworks of classical irreversible thermodynamics (CIT) and extended irreversible thermodynamics (EIT). The entropic constitutive relations are then generalized by Boltzmann–Gibbs–Shannon (BGS) statistical mechanics, which can avoid the debatable definitions of thermodynamic quantities relying on local equilibrium. It shows a possibility of modeling heat conduction through entropic constitutive relations. The applicability of the generalizations by BGS statistical mechanics is also discussed based on the relaxation time approximation, and it is found that the generalizations require a sufficiently small entropy production rate.
Entropy Parameter M in Modeling a Flow Duration Curve
Authors: Zhang Yu , Singh Vijay , Byrd Aaron
Published: December 2017

A flow duration curve (FDC) is widely used for predicting water supply, hydropower, environmental flow, sediment load, and pollutant load. Among different methods of constructing an FDC, the entropy-based method, developed recently, is appealing because of its several desirable characteristics, such as simplicity, flexibility, and statistical basis. This method contains a parameter, called entropy parameter M, which constitutes the basis for constructing the FDC. Since M is related to the ratio of the average streamflow to the maximum streamflow which, in turn, is related to the drainage area, it may be possible to determine M a priori and construct an FDC for ungauged basins. This paper, therefore, analyzed the characteristics of M in both space and time using streamflow data from 73 gauging stations in the Brazos River basin, Texas, USA. Results showed that the M values were impacted by reservoir operation and possibly climate change. The values were fluctuating, but relatively stable, after the operation of the reservoirs. Parameter M was found to change inversely with the ratio of average streamflow to the maximum streamflow. When there was an extreme event, there occurred a jump in the M value. Further, spatially, M had a larger value if the drainage area was small.
Bayesian Nonlinear Filtering via Information Geometric Optimization
Authors: Li Yubo , Cheng Yongqiang , Li Xiang , Wang Hongqiang , Hua Xiaoqiang , Qin Yuliang
Published: December 2017

In this paper, Bayesian nonlinear filtering is considered from the viewpoint of information geometry and a novel filtering method is proposed based on information geometric optimization. Under the Bayesian filtering framework, we derive a relationship between the nonlinear characteristics of filtering and the metric tensor of the corresponding statistical manifold. Bayesian joint distributions are used to construct the statistical manifold. In this case, nonlinear filtering can be converted to an optimization problem on the statistical manifold and the adaptive natural gradient descent method is used to seek the optimal estimate. The proposed method provides a general filtering formulation and the Kalman filter, the Extended Kalman filter (EKF) and the Iterated Extended Kalman filter (IEKF) can be seen as special cases of this formulation. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on a passive target tracking problem and the results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to various Kalman filter methods.
Study of a Coil Heat Exchanger with an Ice Storage System
Authors: Li Yan , Yan Zhe , Yang Chao , Guo Bin , Yuan Han , Zhao Jian , Mei Ning
Published: December 2017

In this study, a coil heat exchanger with an ice storage system is analyzed by theoretical analysis, numerical analysis, and experimental analysis. The dynamic characteristics of ice thickness variation is studied by means of unstable heat conduction theory in cylindrical coordinates, and the change rule of the ice layer thickness is obtained. The computational fluid dynamics method is employed to simulate the flow field and ice melting process of the coil heat exchanger. The effect of the agitator height on the flow characteristics and heat transfer characteristics is investigated. The numerical results show that the turbulence intensity of the fluid near the wall of the heat exchanger is the largest with an agitator height of 80 mm. Furthermore, the process of ice melting is analyzed. The ice on the outer side of the evaporator tube close to the container wall melts faster than the inner side and this agrees well with the experimental result. The experimental study on the process of the operational period and deicing of the coil heat exchanger is conducted and the temperature variation curves are obtained by the arrangement of thermocouples. It is found that the temperature of the evaporating tube increases with increasing height in the process of ice storage.
Dynamic Power Dispatch Considering Electric Vehicles and Wind Power Using Decomposition Based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm
Authors: Qu Boyang , Qiao Baihao , Zhu Yongsheng , Liang Jingjing , Wang Ling
Published: December 2017

The intermittency of wind power and the large-scale integration of electric vehicles (EVs) bring new challenges to the reliability and economy of power system dispatching. In this paper, a novel multi-objective dynamic economic emission dispatch (DEED) model is proposed considering the EVs and uncertainties of wind power. The total fuel cost and pollutant emission are considered as the optimization objectives, and the vehicle to grid (V2G) power and the conventional generator output power are set as the decision variables. The stochastic wind power is derived by Weibull probability distribution function. Under the premise of meeting the system energy and user’s travel demand, the charging and discharging behavior of the EVs are dynamically managed. Moreover, we propose a two-step dynamic constraint processing strategy for decision variables based on penalty function, and, on this basis, the Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Decomposition (MOEA/D) algorithm is improved. The proposed model and approach are verified by the 10-generator system. The results demonstrate that the proposed DEED model and the improved MOEA/D algorithm are effective and reasonable.
Sludge Acts as a Catalyst for Coal during the Co-Combustion Process Investigated by Thermogravimetric Analysis
Authors: Chen Wendi , Wang Fei , Kanhar Altaf
Published: December 2017

Sewage sludge in China has the characteristics of low organic content and low heating value compared with other developed countries. Self-sustaining combustion of Chinese sludge cannot be achieved when the moisture content is high. Co-combusting a small amount of sludge in the existing coal-fired boilers is a usual sludge disposal method in China. Thermogravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of a bituminous coal, three different sewage sludges, and their blends have been carried out. Fitted curves by linear calculation and actual curves of blends were compared to study the interaction between sludge and coal in their co-combustion process. The results indicate that the interaction between the two fuels takes place during the devolatilization and combustion period. Sludge acts as a catalyst for coal during the co-combustion process because of the large amount of inorganic salts contained in the sludge. Co-combustion of coal and sludge is more efficient than single burning of the two fuels.
A Novel Semi-Visualizable Experimental Study of a Plate Gravity Heat Pipe at Unsteady State
Authors: Gou Xiang , Li Yamei , Zhang Qiyan , Shah Imran , Zhao Dong , Liu Shian , Wang Yating , Wang Enyu , Wu Jinxiang
Published: December 2017

An experimental study on a plate gravity heat pipe (PGHP) with inner cavity size of length 100 mm (X), width 2.5 mm (Y), and height 210 mm (Z) with acetone as the working fluid was carried out. The effects of heating power inputs (80–180 W) and fluid filling ratios (25%, 48%, and 55%) on the start-up temperature, start-up time, temperature difference, and relative thermal resistance on the Z-axis of the PGHP in a vacuum of 1 × 10−3 Pa were studied at unsteady state. Furthermore, the gas-liquid two-phase behavior of the interior working fluid of PGHP, and the coupling heat transfer behavior of the boiling liquid and the condensate were observed through a visualizable window under different experimental conditions. The results show that, with the increase of heating power input, the start-up temperature of the PGHP increases and the start-up time is shortened. The start-up temperature of the PGHP was around 33 °C and the start-up time was about 320 s at the heating power input of 120 W and working fluid filling ratio of 55%. The relative thermal resistance and the temperature difference on the Z-axis of the PGHP increase firstly and then decrease with the increase of heating power input at unsteady state. The complex gas-liquid two-phase behavior of the PGHP mainly includes: the formation and growth of bubbles, the merging and break up of bubbles, and the coupling heat transfer between boiling liquid and condensate, which demonstrate that the novel SVPGHP can be used to effectively study the heat transfer process of PGHP.
A New Prediction Model for Transformer Winding Hotspot Temperature Fluctuation Based on Fuzzy Information Granulation and an Optimized Wavelet Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Li , Zhang Wenfang , Liu Jinxin , Zhao Tong , Zou Liang , Wang Xinghua
Published: December 2017

Winding hotspot temperature is the key factor affecting the load capacity and service life of transformers. For the early detection of transformer winding hotspot temperature anomalies, a new prediction model for the hotspot temperature fluctuation range based on fuzzy information granulation (FIG) and the chaotic particle swarm optimized wavelet neural network (CPSO-WNN) is proposed in this paper. The raw data are firstly processed by FIG to extract useful information from each time window. The extracted information is then used to construct a wavelet neural network (WNN) prediction model. Furthermore, the structural parameters of WNN are optimized by chaotic particle swarm optimization (CPSO) before it is used to predict the fluctuation range of the hotspot temperature. By analyzing the experimental data with four different prediction models, we find that the proposed method is more effective and is of guiding significance for the operation and maintenance of transformers.
Research on Pulsed Jet Flow Control without External Energy in a Blade Cascade
Authors: Chen Jie , Lu Weiyu , Huang Guoping , Zhu Jianfeng , Wang Jinchun
Published: December 2017

To control the flow separation in the compressors, a novel pulsed jet concept without external energy injection is proposed. The new concept designs a slot in the middle of the blade and sets a micro device to switch the slot periodically. Such a structure is expected to generate a pulsed jet by the pressure difference between the pressure side and the suction side of the blade. In order to analyze the interaction between the pulsed jet and unsteady separated flow, our numerical and experimental study is based on a specific cascade (with a flow separation inside) and a pulsed jet (one of the unsteady flow control method). The experimental and numerical results both show that when the frequency of pulsed jet is approximate to that of the separation vortex, then the control tends to be more effective. Based on the numerical simulations, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is then used to reveal the control mechanism, extracting the different time-space structures from the original field. The results with the aid of POD show that the pulsed jet can redistribute the kinetic energy of each mode, and strengthen or weaken certain modes, particularly, while the steady jet reduces the kinetic energy of high-order modes in whole. Also, pulsed jet with proper parameters can transfer the energy from higher modes to the first flow mode (averaged flow), which is due to the conversion of the spatial vortical structures and the time evolution of the modes.
A Three-Phase Four-Leg Inverter-Based Active Power Filter for Unbalanced Current Compensation Using a Petri Probabilistic Fuzzy Neural Network
Authors: Tan Kuang-Hsiung , Lin Faa-Jeng , Chen Jun-Hao
Published: December 2017

A three-phase four-leg inverter-based shunt active power filter (APF) is proposed to compensate three-phase unbalanced currents under unbalanced load conditions in grid-connected operation in this study. Since a DC-link capacitor is required on the DC side of the APF to release or absorb the instantaneous apparent power, the regulation control of the DC-link voltage of the APF is important especially under load variation. In order to improve the regulation control of the DC-link voltage of the shunt APF under variation of three-phase unbalanced load and to compensate the three-phase unbalanced currents effectively, a novel Petri probabilistic fuzzy neural network (PPFNN) controller is proposed to replace the traditional proportional-integral (PI) controller in this study. Furthermore, the network structure and online learning algorithms of the proposed PPFNN are represented in detail. Finally, the effectiveness of the three-phase four-leg inverter-based shunt APF with the proposed PPFNN controller for the regulation of the DC-link voltage and compensation of the three-phase unbalanced current has been demonstrated by some experimental results.
Determining the Flexible Ramping Capacity of Electric Vehicles to Enhance Locational Flexibility
Authors: Kim Dam , Kwon Hungyu , Kim Mun-Kyeom , Park Jong-Keun , Park Hyeongon
Published: December 2017

A high penetration level of renewable energy in a power system increases variability and uncertainty, which can lead to ramping capability shortage. This makes the stable operation of a power system difficult. However, appropriate management of electric vehicles (EVs) can overcome such difficulties. In this study, EVs were applied as a flexible ramping product (FRP), and a method was developed to increase the system ramping capability. When increasing the FRP to the amount required for the system, the effect on transmission lines cannot be neglected. Thus, the required FRP considering transmission constraints is calculated separately for each zone to secure deliverability. To make adjustment possible, the zonal available capacity is calculated by considering the probabilities of the location and the plugged and charged states of EVs. The applicability of EVs as an FRP resource is examined, and the results showed that they can be used at a more significant level considering the transmission constraints.
A Metaheuristic Approach to the Multi-Objective Unit Commitment Problem Combining Economic and Environmental Criteria
Authors: Roque Luís , Fontes Dalila , Fontes Fernando
Published: December 2017

We consider a Unit Commitment Problem (UCP) addressing not only the economic objective of minimizing the total production costs—as is done in the standard UCP—but also addressing environmental concerns. Our approach utilizes a multi-objective formulation and includes in the objective function a criterion to minimize the emission of pollutants. Environmental concerns are having a significant impact on the operation of power systems related to the emissions from fossil-fuelled power plants. However, the standard UCP, which minimizes just the total production costs, is inadequate to address environmental concerns. We propose to address the UCP with environmental concerns as a multi-objective problem and use a metaheuristic approach combined with a non-dominated sorting procedure to solve it. The metaheuristic developed is a variant of an evolutionary algorithm, known as Biased Random Key Genetic Algorithm. Computational experiments have been carried out on benchmark problems with up to 100 generation units for a 24 h scheduling horizon. The performance of the method, as well as the quality, diversity and the distribution characteristics of the solutions obtained are analysed. It is shown that the method proposed compares favourably against alternative approaches in most cases analysed.
A Review of Urban Air Pollution Monitoring and Exposure Assessment Methods
Authors: Xie Xingzhe , Semanjski Ivana , Gautama Sidharta , Tsiligianni Evaggelia , Deligiannis Nikos , Rajan Raj , Pasveer Frank , Philips Wilfried
Published: December 2017

The impact of urban air pollution on the environments and human health has drawn increasing concerns from researchers, policymakers and citizens. To reduce the negative health impact, it is of great importance to measure the air pollution at high spatial resolution in a timely manner. Traditionally, air pollution is measured using dedicated instruments at fixed monitoring stations, which are placed sparsely in urban areas. With the development of low-cost micro-scale sensing technology in the last decade, portable sensing devices installed on mobile campaigns have been increasingly used for air pollution monitoring, especially for traffic-related pollution monitoring. In the past, some reviews have been done about air pollution exposure models using monitoring data obtained from fixed stations, but no review about mobile sensing for air pollution has been undertaken. This article is a comprehensive review of the recent development in air pollution monitoring, including both the pollution data acquisition and the pollution assessment methods. Unlike the existing reviews on air pollution assessment, this paper not only introduces the models that researchers applied on the data collected from stationary stations, but also presents the efforts of applying these models on the mobile sensing data and discusses the future research of fusing the stationary and mobile sensing data.
Inferring Social Functions Available in the Metro Station Area from Passengers’ Staying Activities in Smart Card Data
Authors: Zhou Yang , Fang Zhixiang , Zhan Qingming , Huang Yaping , Fu Xiongwu
Published: December 2017

The function of a metro station area is vital for city planners to consider when establishing a context-aware Transit-Oriented Development policy around the station area. However, the functions of metro station areas are hard to infer using the static land use distribution and other traditional survey datasets. In this paper, we propose a method to infer the functions occurring around the metro station catchment areas according to the patterns of staying activities derived from smart card data. We first define the staying activities by the spatial and temporal constraints of the two consecutive alighting and boarding records from the individual travel profile. Then we cluster and label the whole staying activities by considering the features of duration, frequency, and start time. By analyzing the percentage of different types of aggregated activities happening around each metro station, we cluster and explore the functions of the metro station area. Taking Wuhan as a case study, we analyze the results of Wuhan metro systems and discuss the similarities and differences between the functions and the land use distribution around the station area. The results show that although there exist some agreements, there is also a gap between the human activities and the land uses around the station area. These findings could give us deeper insight into how people act around the stations by metro systems, which will ultimately benefit the urban planning and policy development.
Inhibitors of Serine Proteases from a Microcystis sp. Bloom Material Collected from Timurim Reservoir, Israel
Authors: Hasan-Amer Rawan , Carmeli Shmuel
Published: December 2017

Two new natural products, micropeptin TR1058 (1) and aeruginosin TR642 (2), were isolated from the hydrophilic extract of bloom material of Microcystis sp. collected from the Timurim water reservoir in Israel. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and HR ESI MS and MS/MS techniques. Micropeptin TR1058 (1) was extremely unstable under the isolation conditions, and several degradation products were identified. NMR analysis of aeruginosin TR642 (2) revealed a mixture of eight isomers, and elucidation of its structure was challenging. Aeruginosin TR642 contains a 4,5-didehydroaraginal subunit that has not been described before. Micropeptin TR1058 (1) inhibited chymotrypsin with an IC50 of 6.78 µM, and aeruginosin TR642 (2) inhibited trypsin and thrombin with inhibition concentration (IC50) values of 3.80 and 0.85 µM, respectively. The structures and biological activities of the new compounds are discussed.
Optimization of Bioactive Polyphenols Extraction from Picea Mariana Bark
Authors: Francezon Nellie , Meda Naamwin-So-Bâwfu Romaric , Stevanovic Tatjana
Published: December 2017

Reported for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and non-toxicity properties, the hot water extract of Picea mariana bark was demonstrated to contain highly valuable bioactive polyphenols. In order to improve the recovery of these molecules, an optimization of the extraction was performed using water. Several extraction parameters were tested and extracts obtained analyzed both in terms of relative amounts of different phytochemical families and of individual molecules concentrations. As a result, low temperature (80 °C) and low ratio of bark/water (50 mg/mL) were determined to be the best parameters for an efficient polyphenol extraction and that especially for low molecular mass polyphenols. These were identified as stilbene monomers and derivatives, mainly stilbene glucoside isorhapontin (up to 12.0% of the dry extract), astringin (up to 4.6%), resveratrol (up to 0.3%), isorhapontigenin (up to 3.7%) and resveratrol glucoside piceid (up to 3.1%) which is here reported for the first time for Picea mariana. New stilbene derivatives, piceasides O and P were also characterized herein as new isorhapontin dimers. This study provides novel information about the optimal extraction of polyphenols from black spruce bark, especially for highly bioactive stilbenes including the trans-resveratrol.
THE RESEARCH JOURNAL TRANSPORT: PEER-REVIEWING PROCESS IN 2017
Authors: PRENTKOVSKIS Olegas , JUNEVIČIUS Raimundas , SKAČKAUSKAS Paulius
Published: December 2017

The research journal TRANSPORT: peer-reviewing process in 2017, Transport, 32:4, 426-434
El palacio de la nunciatura de Madrid. Obras de reestructuración (1650-75)
Authors: Vázquez Barrado Ana
Published: December 2017

El palacio de la Nunciatura de Madrid, la actual sede del Vicariato General Castrense, sufre una serie de transformaciones a lo largo de su historia para adecuar una antigua residencia nobiliaria a los usos que le dispensan los diferentes nuncios a lo largo de la historia.
Late stage presentation of HIV-positive patients to antiretroviral outpatient clinic in Zambia
Authors: Martin Timothy , Mweene Morgan
Published: December 2017

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Zambian Ministry of Health set out new guidelines on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in 2013 expanding the eligibility criteria for patients with HIV.Objectives: The primary objective were to determine when cART was initiated in HIV-positive outpatients according to clinical and immunological criteria, and to identify what proportion of patients who were eligible for cART according to 2013 WHO and 2013 Zambian cART guidelines were currently on cART.Methodology: This was a clinical audit of HIV-positive outpatients attending the cART clinic at Ndola Central Hospital in Ndola, Zambia, with retrospective cross-sectional chart review and survey design. Data were collected from clinical records and interviews with patients.Results: A total of 99% of patients eligible for cART according to 2013 guidelines were on treatment. Clinical staging of patients at initiated on cART (n = 206) was as follows: 28% clinical stage I, 21% clinical stage II, 36% clinical stage III and 15% clinical stage IV. The median CD4 count when patients were started on cART was 147 cells/mm3 .Conclusion: The results show that a majority of patients were initiated on cART late in their disease course according to immunological (CD4 < 200 cell/mm3 ) and clinical criteria (stage III or IV). However, the vast majority of patients eligible for cART were currently on treatment. The late initiation of cART appears to be a result of late diagnosis of HIV.
Базисность собственных и присоединенных функций оператора с неплотной областью определения на примере задачи Орра-Зоммерфельда
Authors: Shiryaev Evgeniy Alexandrovich
Published: December 2017

В работе предложен
метод доказательства безусловной базисности
собственных и присоединенных функций
одного интегро-дифференциального оператора,
заданного на неплотной области определения. В частности,
получено новое, более простое доказательство
безусловной базисности собственных
и присоединенных функций известной в гидромеханике спектральной
задачи Орра-Зоммерфельда, которая сводится к задаче на собственные значения для изученного оператора.
Библиография: 14 названий.
An Alternative Approach for Space Opening in a Bilateral Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis Patient using Miniplates
Authors: Paranhos Luiz R , Meros Gladistone C , Shoji Aline , Suzuki Selly , Manfroi Rodrigo , Claus Jonathas , Garcez Aguinaldo
Published: December 2017

Aim

This case report aimed to present an orthodontic mechanic alternative for space opening in a patient missing maxillary lateral incisors, using miniplates as anchorage, associated with self-ligating brackets.

Background

Dental agenesis affects the population causing esthetic and functional damages. The prevalence of missing maxillary lateral incisors should be considered for its significant rate and negative impact on smile esthetics.

Case report

This treatment was chosen based on the presence of balanced facial pattern, large canine anatomy, the need to improve dental occlusion to prevent further wear, and patient's esthetic complaint. To obtain the results, upper third molars were extracted, and two miniplates were installed to distalize the upper arch with no need for patient compliance or auxiliary devices. Self-ligating brackets were used to reduce friction on posterior teeth, thus facilitating movement with light force application. At the end of 19 months, the patient presented with class I good overbite and overjet, and adequate space for implant and prosthetics; also, good facial esthetic was maintained.

Conclusion

When indicated, space opening may provide excellent esthetics and functional results, and even more predictable results when skeletal anchorage miniplates are used to distalize all posterior teeth.

Clinical significance

Considering the high level of esthetic and functional compromise caused by dental agenesis, the technique hereby described represents a viable mechanic alternative within orthodontic possibilities.

How to cite this article

Meros GC, Shoji A, Suzuki S, Paranhos LR, Manfroi R, Claus J, Garcez A. An Alternative Approach for Space Opening in a Bilateral Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis Patient using Miniplates. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1198-1205.
Grossing of Oral Pathologies—Revisited
Authors: Shashidara Raju , Scindiya Ebi , Tryphena Ann
Published: December 2017

Grossing pathologies, otherwise known as macroscopic cutup for diagnostic information, is a vital laboratory step as it impacts the patient treatment and prognosis. However, it is a challenging skill acquired with keen observation, experience, and correlation between macroscopy and microscopy. Before we make an attempt to gross, it is imperative to have sound knowledge about its general principles and its applications as it differs among different lesions. Thereby, we have made an attempt to enhance the guidelines for gross description and also updated on the general principles. A practical insight has been provided with respect to grossing of oral mucosal biopsies, pathology of malignancies, odontogenic cysts, cystic odontogenic tumors, salivary gland pathologies, and lymph nodes along with the brief history of gross pathology.

How to cite this article

Shashidara R, Patil S, Rao RS, Scindiya E, Tryphena A. Grossing of Oral Pathologies—Revisited. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1213-1222.
A comparison of data weighting methods to derive vertical land motion trends from GNSS and altimetry at tide gauge stations
Authors: Kleinherenbrink Marcel , Riva Riccardo , Frederikse Thomas
Published: December 2017

Abstract. This study compares eight weighting techniques for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-derived Vertical Land Motion (VLM) trends at 570 tide gauge (TG) stations. The spread between the methods has a comparable size as the formal uncertainties of the GNSS trends. Taking the median of the surrounding GNSS trends shows the best agreement with differenced altimetry – tide gauge (ALT-TG) trends. An attempt is also made to improve VLM trends from ALT-TG time series. Only using highly correlated along-track altimetry and TG time series, reduces the standard deviation of ALT-TG time series up to 10 %. As a result, there are spatially coherent changes in the trends, but the reduction in the RMS of differences between ALT-TG and GNSS trends is insignificant. However, setting correlation thresholds also acts like a filter to remove problematic TG stations. This results in sets of ALT-TG VLM trends at 344–663 TG locations, depending on the correlation threshold. Compared to other studies, we decrease the RMS of differences between GNSS and ALT-TG trends (from 1.47 to 1.22 mm/yr), while we increase the number of locations (from 109 to 155), Depending on the weighting methods the mean of differences between ALT-TG and GNSS trends varies between 0.1–0.2 mm/yr. We reduce the mean of differences by taking into account the effect of elastic deformation due to present-day mass redistribution into account.
Multi-components ensembles of future meteorological and natural snow conditions in the Northern French Alps
Authors: Verfaillie Deborah , Lafaysse Matthieu , Déqué Michel , Eckert Nicolas , Lejeune Yves , Morin Samuel
Published: December 2017

Abstract. This article introduces climate variations of annual-scale indicators for seasonal snow and its meteorological drivers, at 1500 m altitude in the Chartreuse mountain range in the Northern French Alps. Past and future variations were computed based on reanalysis and observations from 1958 to 2016, and using CMIP5/EURO-CORDEX GCM/RCM pairs spanning historical (1950–2005) and RCP2.6 (4), RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 (13 each) future scenarios (2006–2100). The adjusted climate model runs were used to drive the multiphysics ensemble configuration of the detailed snowpack model Crocus. Uncertainty arising from physical modeling of snow accounts for 20 % typically, although the multiphysics is likely to have a much smaller impact on trends. Ensembles of climate projections are rather similar until the middle of the 21st century, and all show a continuation of the ongoing reduction in mean interannual snow conditions, and maintained interannual variability. The impact of the RCP becomes significant for the second half of the 21st century, with overall stable conditions with RCP2.6, and continued degradation of snow conditions for RCP4.5 and 8.5, the latter leading to more frequent ephemeral snow conditions. Variations of local meteorological and snow conditions show significant correlation with global temperature variations. Global temperature levels on the order of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels correspond to a 25 % reduction of winter mean snow depth (reference 1986–2005). Even larger reduction is expected for global temperature levels exceeding 2 °C. The method can address other sectorial indicators, in the field of hydropower, mountain tourism or natural hazards.
The Greeks, Pragmatism, and the Endless Mediation of Rhetoric and Philosophy
Authors: Schiappa Edward
Published: December 2017

This article begins by revisiting the Greek origins of the terms “rhetoric” and “philosophy” from a nominalist and antiessentialist perspective. Though both terms were given early shape by Plato, Isocrates offered a different take on philosophia that arguably is equally legitimate, even if largely neglected historically. In contemporary scholarship, the question is not what is rhetoric or what is philosophy, but what can be gained by deploying rhetorical and philosophical vocabularies to describe and understand the world. Given the problems facing us today, philosophers and rhetoric scholars should engage each other to address challenges where our interests converge.
A Novel Approach to Professional Development in Middle School Science: Instructional Coaching by University Professors to Improve the Instructional Core
Authors: Mchenry Nadine , Borger Laurie , Liable-Sands Louise
Published: December 2017

The current study was constructed based on the recommendations of a previous study (McHenry & Borger, 2013).Though inquiry-based teaching has long been touted as an effective pedagogy, its application by middle schoolscience teachers has been problematic. Using tools developed from the previous study in conjunction withprofessional development grounded in instructional coaching, the program attempted to support middle schoolteachers in making informed instructional decisions that enhance classroom practices to support students in reachingfull science proficiency. Over the two and one-half year span of the program, researchers found that middle schoolteachers were able to embrace major facets of the 5E model of inquiry. While their view of the nature of scienceexpanded slightly, they still struggle with ideas related to argumentation and theory building. The impediments thatinfluenced the success and continuation of the program were three-fold. There was a lack of administrativepartnership due to a change in upper-level district leadership. The decision to adopt new curricular materials wascounter to the goals of the inquiry-based teaching model and was adopted without discussion with the universitycoaches. There was inadequate time allotted to the program in the last year. Though administrative difficulties led tothe discontinuation of the program, the enthusiasm exhibited by the middle level teachers speaks to the need for aninstructional coaching partnership that provides this type of sustained, reform-based, transformational professionaldevelopment that enhances the instructional core.
QUESTÃO PENITENCIÁRIA E ENCARCERAMENTO FEMININO
Authors: Machado Valeska Berman
Published: December 2017

Neste ensaio teórico, temos como objetivo abarcar e problematizar elementos basilares para a fundamentação teórica da questão penitenciária e do encarceramento feminino, esclarecendo noções importantes em relação ao cenário, não unicamente contemporâneo, mas também histórico que envolve a questão penitenciária. O texto está dividido em dois blocos: o primeiro traz uma reflexão sobre a trajetória da pena de prisão e a constituição de uma questão penitenciária, o segundo tensiona a relação entre mulher, cárcere e prisão.
MAPEANDO O LUGAR DA MULHER DOCENTE NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Taborda Luana Do Rocio , Engerroff Ana Martina Baron
Published: December 2017

O objetivo central deste trabalho é refletir acerca do lugar e o não-lugar da mulher docente na universidade. Inicialmente, nos debruçamos sobre estudos de novas epistemologias que agregam a discussão sobre gênero, trazendo-se a preocupação com a reprodução da “colonialidade de gênero”, problematizando a concepção “normáscula” da ciência e as buscas por rupturas com a mesma. Em um segundo movimento, apresentamos dados quantitativos que atestam um estado de não paridade acerca da presença docente de mulheres e homens na academia no âmbito da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), discutindo os pressupostos metodológicos da pesquisa. Nossos dados corroboram uma permanência das desigualdades de gênero na universidade, em que, embora haja uma aparente igualdade nos números sobre os docentes segundo sexo, uma percepção micro, segundo áreas, departamentos e titulação, demonstra a segmentação entre áreas tipicamente determinadas masculinas e femininas, com preponderância de assentos masculinos em áreas consagradas e mais prestigiadas.
Passives inesperades en català contemporani: el cas dels falsos complements indirectes
Authors: Crespí Isabel
Published: December 2017

Aquest article examina el comportament sintàctic d’un conjunt de verbs ditransitius del català que, contràriament al que prediu la gramàtica, permeten la passivització del complement indirecte. Les dades, que fins ara no havien estat objecte d’estudi, suggereixen que aquesta passivització no parteix d’una estructura ditransitiva en la sintaxi lèxica, sinó d’una estructura semblant a la dels verbs de locatum de Hale & Keyser (1993, 1998) en la qual el receptor del verb no és, en realitat, un objecte indirecte, sinó l’argument intern del verb. Així mateix, a partir de les restriccions que observem en la sintaxi oracional, proposem que el participi per si mateix no pot assignar cas (en el sentit d’Ormazábal & Romero 2013) a l’argument, de manera que l’argument es pot moure a la posició de subjecte de la clàusula participial, però sí que n’assigna quan es combina amb alguns verbs, com ara el copulatiu estar, amb la qual cosa l’argument queda fixat i no es pot promoure. Finalment, concloem que aquesta impossibilitat d’assignar cas és una prova més del fet que els participis són elements deficients, amb una estructura menys rica i complexa que la del verb.
Decaying Lava Extrusion Rate at El Reventador Volcano, Ecuador, Measured Using High‐Resolution Satellite Radar
Authors: Arnold D. W. D. , Biggs J. , Anderson K. , Vallejo Vargas S. , Wadge G. , Ebmeier S. K. , Naranjo M. F. , Mothes P.
Published: December 2017

Lava extrusion at erupting volcanoes causes rapid changes in topography and morphology on the order of tens or even hundreds of meters. Satellite radar provides a method for measuring changes in topographic height over a given time period to an accuracy of meters, either by measuring the width of radar shadow cast by steep sided features, or by measuring the difference in radar phase between two sensors separated in space. We measure height changes, and hence estimate extruded lava volume flux, at El Reventador, Ecuador, between 2011 and 2016, using data from the RADARSAT‐2 and TanDEM‐X satellite missions. We find that 39 new lava flows were extruded between 9 February 2012 and 24 August 2016, with a cumulative volume of 44.8M m3 dense rock equivalent and a gradually decreasing eruption rate. The average dense rock rate of lava extrusion during this time is 0.31 ± 0.02 m3 s−1, which is similar to the long‐term average from 1972 to 2016. Apart from a volumetrically small dyke opening event between 9 March and 10 June 2012, lava extrusion at El Reventador is not accompanied by any significant magmatic ground deformation. We use a simple physics‐based model to estimate that the volume of the magma reservoir under El Reventador is greater than 3 km3. Our lava extrusion data can be equally well fit by models representing a closed reservoir depressurising during the eruption with no magma recharge, or an open reservoir with a time‐constant magma recharge rate of up to 0.35 ± 0.01 m3 s−1.