bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new species of the genus Decussobates Cook, 1988 from Argentina, with the first description of the male (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae)
Authors: SMIT HARRY
Published: September 2018

In 1988 Cook described the hygrobatid genus Decussobates from Chile (Cook 1988). The description was based on females only. He described two species of the genus. A new record of the genus from southern Argentina, including males, necessitates an emendation of the description of the genus. The new material from Argentina belongs to a new species, which will be described below.
Notes on Chasmocarcinus latipes Rathbun, 1898 (Brachyura, Goneplacoidea, Chasmocarcinidae) from the Gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: HENDRICKX MICHEL E. , HERMOSO-SALAZAR MARGARITA
Published: September 2018

Brachyuran crabs from the Mexican Pacific and surrounding areas are well known and have been treated in several monographs (e.g., Garth 1958; Hendrickx 1997, 1999). Checklists of species occurring off western Mexico and the eastern tropical Pacific are also available (e.g., Hendrickx 1993, 1995, 2005). In many cases, particularly in species inhabiting the continental shelf or deeper waters, however, there is a significant lack of records due to sampling difficulty and cost.
The Lordiphosa denticeps species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in China, with redescriptions of four known species and descriptions of nine new species
Authors: KATOH TAKEHIRO K. , ZHANG GUANG , TODA MASANORI J. , ZHANG WEN-XIA , GAO JIAN-JUN
Published: September 2018

Based on specimens collected from Yunnan, Xizang, and Taiwan in China, nine new species of the Lordiphosa denticeps species group, L. mikioides sp. nov., L. kimurai sp. nov., L. anthophilia sp. nov., L. yangi sp. nov., L. tibetica sp. nov., L. medogensis sp. nov., L. hamatispina sp. nov., L. secula sp. nov., and L. spatulata sp. nov., were described and four known species, L. denticeps (Okada & Sasakawa), L. neokurokawai (Singh & Gupta), L. ramula Zhang, and L. tripartita (Okada), were redescribed. In addition, we provided a key to all species of this species group. Males of three new species, L. mikioides, L. kimurai, and L. anthophilia, have distinct sex-combs consisting of black, stout teeth on the 1st and 2nd tarsomeres of foreleg; the large, longitudinal sex-comb on the 1st tarsomere is similar to those seen in the L. miki species group and the subgenus Sophophora Sturtevant of the genus Drosophila Fallén. Two of these and another new species were collected at flowering Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae) stands: all specimens of L. anthophilia and L. medogensis directly from flowers, and some specimens of L. kimurai by net sweeping. The presence of large, longitudinal sex-combs and the flower-visiting habit were reported for the first time in the L. denticeps group.
Gatesina colombiana n. gen. & n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae), new Rileyinae associated with Myrcianthes (Myrtaceae) from Colombia
Authors: CUESTA-PORTA VÍCTOR , CAICEDO GUADALUPE , HANSON PAUL , PUJADE-VILLAR JULI
Published: September 2018

The Neotropical fauna of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) is poorly known, with numerous undescribed species and even genera. Here, we describe a new genus that also includes a new species that parasitizes Eurytominae gall-formers in fruits of Myrcianthes (Myrtaceae) in Colombia. Its conspicuous morphology supports the description of a new eurytomid genus and species, Gatesina colombiana n. gen. & n. sp., belonging to the subfamily Rileyinae. Phylogenetic studies using two matrices of morphological characters as well as molecular data confirm this result. The position of the new genus is close to Neorileya Ashmead according to the phylogenetic analyses.
The genus Sapromyza (Diptera: Lauxaniidae) in Iran with description of three new species
Authors: NAMIN SAEED MOHAMADZADE , GAIMARI STEPHEN D.
Published: September 2018

Seventeen species of the genus Sapromyza Fallén occurring in Iran are revised. The following new species are described and illustrated: Sapromyza bernhardi, S. damavandensis and S. sabourii. In addition, S. clathrata Shatalkin, S. kabuli Papp and S. quadripunctata (Linnaeus) are recorded for the first time from Iran. Distribution of species in Iran is reviewed, and a key to the species is provided.
Off-Nadir SFMR Brightness Temperature Measurements in High-Wind Conditions
Authors: Holbach Heather M. , Uhlhorn Eric W. , Bourassa Mark A.
Published: September 2018

Wind and wave-breaking directions are investigated as potential sources of an asymmetry identified in off-nadir remotely sensed measurements of ocean surface brightness temperatures obtained by the Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) in high-wind conditions, including in tropical cyclones. Surface wind speed, which dynamically couples the atmosphere and ocean, can be inferred from SFMR ocean surface brightness temperature measurements using a radiative transfer model and an inversion algorithm. The accuracy of the ocean surface brightness temperature to wind speed calibration relies on accurate knowledge of the surface variables that are influencing the ocean surface brightness temperature. Previous studies have identified wind direction signals in horizontally polarized radiometer measurements in low to moderate (0–20 m s−1) wind conditions over a wide range of incidence angles. This study finds that the azimuthal asymmetry in the off-nadir SFMR brightness temperature measurements is also likely a function of wind direction and extends the results of these previous studies to high-wind conditions. The off-nadir measurements from the SFMR provide critical data for improving the understanding of the relationships between brightness temperature, surface wave–breaking direction, and surface wind vectors at various incidence angles, which is extremely useful for the development of geophysical model functions for instruments like the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD).
Circadian Rhythm and ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Insights From the Third Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Gulf RACE-3Ps)
Authors: Albackr Hanan B. , AlHabib Khalid F. , AlShamiri Mostafa Q. , Ullah Anhar , Al Subaie Fahad A. , Alghamdi Abduljabar G. , Alfaleh Hussam , Kashour Tarek , Al Suwaidi Jassim , Alsheikh-Ali Alawi A. , Almahmeed Wael , Salam Amar M.
Published: September 2018

Circadian rhythms have been identified in multiple physiological processes that may affect cardiovascular diseases, yet little is known about the impact of circadian rhythm on acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) onset and outcomes in the Middle East. The relationship between time of symptom onset during the 24-hour circadian cycle and prehospital delays and in-hospital death was assessed in 2909 patients with STEMI presenting in 6 Arabian Gulf countries. A sinusoidal smoothing function was used to show the average circadian trends. There was a significant association between time of symptom onset and the circadian cycle. The STEMIs were more frequent during the late morning and early afternoon hours ( P < .001). Patients with pain onset from 0.00 to 5:59 had median prehospital delays of 150 minutes versus 90 minutes from 6:00 to 11:59 and 12:00 to 17:59, respectively ( P < .001). Although there was no significant difference in mortality between the 4 groups ( P = .230), there was a significant association between time of symptom onset as sinusoidal function and in-hospital mortality ( P = .032). Patients with STEMI in the Middle East have significant circadian patterns in symptoms onset, prehospital delay, and timeliness of reperfusion. A circadian rhythm of in-hospital mortality was found over the 24-hour clock of symptom onset time.
Design and testing of three tailless unmanned aerial vehicle configurations built for surveillance in Antarctic environment
Authors: Rodzewicz Miroslaw , Goraj Zdobyslaw , Tomaszewski Adam
Published: September 2018

The tailless fixed-wing aircraft have a very compact design and therefore are very attractive as portable unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms. There is a special need for using such platforms in case of operations in such backlands as Antarctica, because very often the equipment necessary for preparing improvised airfields near Antarctic scientific bases and organizing the UAV flights must be hand-carried. The main aim of this paper is to present the design activity and testing of a number of UAV configurations to be used for aerial monitoring in Antarctic areas and collecting data of local ecosystems. Two UAV flying-wing platforms – MONICA-1 and MONICA-2 – were developed, differing largely with respect to wing-loading and weight-to-power ratios. The light-weight Skywalker X-8 built from the kit and used as a baseline configuration was adapted for special photogrammetric missions. It was found that the main advantage of such light UAV consists in a very simple take-off system (i.e. bungee), however due to low wing loading a usage of this UAV is limited to the so-called ‘weather windows’ of relatively low wind, which do not frequently occur in Antarctica. MONICA-1 is much less sensitive to gust but as a heavy platform it is more difficult to handle in harsh Antarctic environment. To be able to operate in much wider range of the wind, vertical gust and heavy turbulence, typical for Antarctic zones, a special UAV platform – called MONICA-2 – was designed and manufactured. MONICA-2 platform of higher wing loading is smaller than the X-8 and at the same time is able to carry the same photogrammetry equipment. The effort of designers focused on achieving low sensitivity to gust and turbulence by increasing the critical angle of attack and natural static and dynamic stability in the whole range of operational speeds. The paper contains the selected design details and some observations from the flight tests.
The Reversal of Bleeding Caused by New Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Udayachalerm Sariya , Rattanasiri Sasivimol , Angkananard Teeranan , Attia John , Sansanayudh Nakarin , Thakkinstian Ammarin
Published: September 2018

New oral anticoagulants (NOACs; ie, direct thrombin inhibitor [DTI] and factor Xa [FXa] inhibitors) were used as alternatives to warfarin. Specific antidotes (idarucizumab for dabigatran and andexanet alfa for FXa inhibitors) and hemostatic reversal agents were used for lowering bleeding, but their efficacies were still uncertain. The objectives of this study were to estimate and compare the efficacy of NOAC antidotes on bleeding reversal and death. Studies were identified from MEDLINE and Scopus databases until May 2018. Case reports/series and cohorts were selected if they assessed reversal or death rates. Data were independently extracted by 2 reviewers. Individual patient data and aggregated data of outcomes were extracted from case reports/series and cohorts. Binary regression was used to estimate outcome rates, risk ratio (RR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI). Interventions were NOACs and reversal agents (ie, DTI-specific, DTI-standard, FXa-specific, and FXa-standard). Among 220 patients of 93 case reports/series, reversal rates were 95.9%, 77.6%, and 71.5% for DTI-specific, FXa-standard, and DTI-standard. Pooled RRs for DTI-specific and FXa-standard versus DTI-standard, respectively, were 1.34 (CI: 1.13-1.60) and 1.09 (CI: 0.84-1.40). Death rate was 0.18 (CI: 0.06-0.57) times lower in DTI-specific versus DTI-standard. For pooling 10 subcohorts, pooled RRs were 1.08 (CI: 1.00-1.16), 1.29 (CI: 1.20-1.39), and 1.13 (CI: 1.01-1.25) for DTI-specific, FXa-specific, and FXa-standard versus DTI-standard. In conclusion, specific reversal agents might be useful for reversal of bleeding and lowering the risk of death than standard reversal agents. Our findings were based on case reports/series and selected cohorts, further comparative studies are thus needed.
Exposure to ambient particulate matter induces oxidative stress in lung and aorta in a size- and time-dependent manner in rats
Authors: Aztatzi-Aguilar OG , Valdés-Arzate A , Debray-García Y , Calderón-Aranda ES , Uribe-Ramirez M , Acosta-Saavedra L , Gonsebatt ME , Maciel-Ruiz JA , Petrosyan P , Mugica-Alvarez V , Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC , Gómez-Quiroz LE , Osornio-Vargas A , Froines J , Kleinman MT , De Vizcaya-Ruiz A
Published: September 2018

Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been implicated in oxidative stress (OxS) and inflammation as underlying mechanisms of lung damage and cardiovascular alterations. PM is a chemical mixture that can be subdivided according to their aerodynamic size into coarse (CP), fine (FP), and ultrafine (UFP) particulates. We investigated, in a rat model, the induction of OxS (protein oxidation and antioxidant response), carcinogen-DNA adduct formation, and inflammatory mediators in lung in response to different airborne particulate fractions, CP, FP, and UFP, after an acute and subchronic exposure. In addition, OxS was evaluated in the aorta to assess the effects beyond the lungs. Exposure to CP, FP, and UFP induced time- and size-dependent lung protein oxidation and DNA adduct formation. After acute and subchronic exposure, nuclear factor erythroid-2 (Nrf2) activation was observed in the lung, by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and the induction of mRNA antioxidant enzymes in the FP and UFP groups, but not in the CP. Cytokine concentration of interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 was significantly increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after acute exposure to FP and UFP. Activation of Nrf2 and expression of mRNA antioxidant enzymes were observed only after the subchronic exposure to FP and UFP in the aorta. Our results indicate that FP and UFP were mainly accountable for the oxidant toxic effects in the lung; OxS is spread from the lung to the cardiovascular system. We conclude that the biological mechanisms associated with transient OxS and inflammation are particle size and time-dependent exposure resulting in acute lung injury, which later reaches the vascular system.
A stable and efficient approach of Q reverse time migration
Authors: Zhao Yan , Mao Ningbo , Ren Zhiming
Published: September 2018

Amplitude energy attenuation and phase distortion of seismic waves caused by formation viscoelasticity reduce the resolution of reverse time migration (RTM) images. Q-RTM often is used to compensate the attenuation effects and improve the resolution of seismic imaging. However, serious high-frequency noise and tremendous amplitude will be produced during the wavefield extrapolation of Q-RTM, resulting in its inability to be imaged. Many Q-RTM algorithms solve the problem of instability through low-pass filtering in the wavenumber domain, but the method is less efficient in computation and has a truncation effect in the wavefield. We have developed a stable and efficient Q-RTM method, in which a regularization term was introduced into the viscoacoustic wave equation to suppress the high-frequency noise, and the finite-difference method was used to solve the viscoacoustic wave equation with a regularization term. We used the model example to visually demonstrate the instability of wavefield extrapolation in Q-RTM and compared the effect and computational efficiency of the two stabilization processing methods, low-pass filtering and regularization. Meanwhile, our method is not involved in solving the fractional derivatives by using the pseudo-spectral method, the computational efficiency also can be improved. We tested the Q-RTM approach on a simple layered model, Marmousi model, and real seismic data. The results of numerical examples demonstrated that the Q-RTM method can solve the problem of instability effectively and obtain a higher resolution image with lower computational cost.
On the effect of electrode finiteness in small-scale electrical resistivity imaging
Authors: Verdet Cécile , Anguy Yannick , Sirieix Colette , Clément Rémi , Gaborieau Cécile
Published: September 2018

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) profiles including finite steel-rod electrodes have been widely used in assuming a surface-node current injection for inversion. This hypothesis was shown by others to be safe for ratios of electrode embedment to electrode spacing smaller than 20%. Relying on the conductive cell model (CCM), we took into account the complete electrodes in the DC forward problem. We found that an electrode effect is included in resistivity sections inverted with a surface point electrode model. Several synthetic examples indicated that this unwanted effect is particularly developed when the electrode spacing does not meet a double constraint from the characteristic size of a shallow heterogeneity and from the electrode embedment. This effect deserved correction. A point approximation for a finite electrode referred to as the equivalent electrode point (EEP) was sought by placing a point-source current in the ground along the electrode length. The appropriate EEP depth was the one for which the CCM and a buried point source minimized a systematic geometric error; i.e., the relative change of the geometric factors obtained with the CCM and with an EEP. An EEP placed at 73% of the electrode length was declared as a suitable point approximation for an electrode. Use of this point assumption for inversion remedied efficiently the electrode effect subject to conditions. More precisely, the electrode spacing should stay within a lower bound equal to twice the electrode embedment and an upper bound equal to the shallow heterogeneity characteristic size divided by 0.75. The interest of such a metrological appraisal of the suitable acquisition layout to be used on the field was illustrated by a small-scale ERT field survey. This case study permitted us to understand more reliably the impact from fires upon a centimetric shallow layer in a calcareous wall.
A causal mechanism for anomalous electromagnetic radiations from coal and rock failure
Authors: Li Dexing , Wang Enyuan , Li Zhonghui , Jia Haishan , Wang Dongming , Kong Xiangguo , Wang Xiaoran , Wang Xinyu , Ali Muhammad
Published: September 2018

Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) anomalies preceding or accompanying coal and rock dynamic disasters have been reported for many years, but the mechanism that produces these anomalies is still unclear. To investigate the role that charge separation plays in these electromagnetic (EM) anomalies, uniaxial compression experiments on three different brittle materials: coal, marble, and polymethyl methacrylate were conducted. The results of the experiments indicate that EMRs are observed in piezoelectric and nonpiezoelectric materials but EM anomalies are only observed when abrupt stress drops occur. The EMR energy rate increases with the magnitude of the stress drop, and those two variables are related by a polynomial function. The charge separation responsible for the anomalies occurs on the newly generated cracks when chemical bonds are broken. A charge distribution model has been established for this phenomenon. Based on this model, the coupling relationship between EM energy density[Formula: see text] and charge density [Formula: see text] has been determined by theoretical analysis. According to this analysis, [Formula: see text] is proportional to [Formula: see text]. In addition, the relationship between [Formula: see text] and surface energy has been established, and it indicates that [Formula: see text] increases with (1) the stress to which the surrounding material is subjected and (2) the length of newly generated cracks. Research findings reported should provide a more detailed understanding of the EM anomalies when coal and rock dynamic disasters occur and provide guidance for developing warning strategies for mine safety.
Limitations in the Effect of Screening on Breast Cancer Mortality
Authors: Beau Anna-Belle , Andersen Per Kragh , Vejborg Ilse , Lynge Elsebeth
Published: September 2018

Purpose

Randomized, controlled trials showed that screening reduces breast cancer mortality rates, but some recent observational studies have concluded that programmatic screening has had minor effect on breast cancer mortality rates. This apparent contradiction might be explained by the use of aggregated data in observational studies. We assessed the long-term effect of screening using individual-level data.

Materials and Methods

Using data from mammography screening in the Copenhagen and Danish national registers, we compared the observed breast cancer mortality rate in women invited to screening with the expected rate in absence of screening. The effect was examined using the “naïve model,” which included all breast cancer deaths; the “follow-up model,” which counted only breast cancer deaths in women diagnosed after their first invitation to screening; and the “evaluation model,” which is similar to the follow-up model during screening age, but after screening age, which counted only breast cancer deaths and person-years in women diagnosed during screening age.

Results

We included 18,781,292 person-years, 976,743 of which were from women invited to screening. The naïve and follow-up models showed, respectively, 10% and 11% reduction in breast cancer mortality after invitation to screening. However, many breast cancer deaths occurred in women whose cancer was diagnosed when they were no longer eligible for screening. Accounting for this dilution, the evaluation model showed a 20% (95% CI, 10% to 29%) reduction in breast cancer mortality after invitation to screening.

Conclusion

Screening had a clear long-term beneficial effect with a 20% reduction in breast cancer–associated mortality in the invited population. However, this effect was, by nature, restricted to breast cancer deaths in women who could potentially benefit from screening. Our study highlights the complexity in evaluating the long-term effect of breast cancer screening from observational data.
(Des)integração entre os subsistemas de ingresso no serviço público: Análise de uma carreira do ciclo de gestão
Authors: Moraes Lara Lopes , Coelho Fernando de Souza
Published: September 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o quão (des)integrado é o gerenciamento do  ingresso no serviço público no Brasil, a partir da análise de uma carreira do ciclo de gestão – no caso, a de especialista em políticas públicas do Estado de São Paulo (EPP-SP). O trabalho, de abordagem qualitativa, utilizou-se do método de estudo de caso, triangulando a coleta de dados de um rol de documentos com as informações de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com múltiplos atores. Como resultado, o artigo descreve e analisa algumas evidências de (des)integração entre os subsistemas de gestão de recursos humanos relacionados com o ingresso na carreira de EPP-SP. De um lado, identificou-se a fragmentação entre o planejamento da força de trabalho da carreira e a avaliação de desempenho no estágio probatório, bem como entre a formação específica acoplada ao concurso público e a alocação dos profissionais na administração pública; e, por outro lado, no tocante ao alinhamento, identificou-se a relação entre o design da carreira (organização, funções e atribuições) e o processo de seleção dos candidatos.
Rethinking the language of peristomal skin assessment
Authors: Boyles Anna
Published: September 2018

Stoma Care Nurse at King's College Hospital, discusses the way in which stoma care nurses assess peristomal skin health
JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA E PODER LEGIFERANTE: A ILEGITIMIDADE DA INTERFERÊNCIA DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL NA POLÍTICA NACIONAL
Authors: De Oliveira Claudio Ladeira , Moura Suellen
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo analisa a judicialização da política como causa e consequência de uma postura ostensiva de verificação política da legislação, sustentando um descompasso normativo e empírico da legitimidade da legiferação judicial e ilustrando a posição de proeminência do Supremo Tribunal Federal no controle da política nacional comexposição de exemplos recentes no campo da representação política.
POR UM DELINEAMENTO CONCEITUAL DA COMPLEXIDADE SOCIAL: AS EXPERIÊNCIAS DO MERCOSUL E DO ORÇAMENTO PARTICIPATIVO NA ANÁLISE DE ANDRÉ-JEAN ARNAUD SOBRE A GOVERNANÇA
Authors: Villas Bôas Filho Orlando
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo pretende examinar o modo pelo qual as experiências do Mercosul e do orçamento participativo são tratadas por André-Jean Arnaud no âmbito de sua análise da governança. Para tanto, focaliza, em primeiro lugar, o delineamento conceitual dado pelo autor ao fenômeno da governança ao longo de sua obra. A partir daí,recupera as linhas gerais de sua abordagem acerca desse fenômeno em suas múltiplas formas de expressão. Em seguida, são enfocados os aspectos fundamentais de seu exame do Mercosul no âmbito da governança regional e do orçamento participativo no contexto da governança territorial. Por fim, em termos conclusivos, procura sublinhar a importância da análise de André-Jean Arnaud para a compreensão dessas duas experiências como concreções ilustrativas do fenômeno da governança.
DESIGUALDADE ECONÔMICA NA CONSTITUIÇÃO E POSSIBILIDADES DE SUA REDUÇÃO POR MEIO DE TRIBUTOS
Authors: Folloni André , Neto Antonio Bazilio Floriani
Published: September 2018

O objetivo do artigo é examinar a desigualdade econômica comoproblema com relevância constitucional e em que medida instrumentosjurídicos podem ser utilizados para sua redução, especialmente no âmbitotributário. Para tanto, o artigo parte de um estudo introdutório sobreigualdade na Constituição. Em seguida, vale-se da discussão sobre aconstitucionalidade do PROUNI, ocorrida no STF, para exemplificar o tipode debate que se desenvolve diante de problemas dessa espécie. Aofinal, o artigo volta-se especificamente sobre o problema da desigualdadeeconômica na Constituição, expondo diferenças entre os diversos tipos deigualdade (econômica, racial, de gênero, etc.) e concluindo que, diferentede outras formas de desigualdade, a desigualdade econômica passa aser um problema constitucional quando demasiadamente acentuada,como no caso brasileiro, sobretudo diante do objetivo constitucional deredução das desigualdades. Segue metodologia de pesquisa bibliográficae jurisprudencial em argumentação de inspiração dedutiva.
A “BABEL” NA TRIBUTAÇÃO DO COMÉRCIO EXTERIOR: POR UM GLOSSÁRIO ADUANEIRO
Authors: Do Valle Maurício Dalri Timm , Trevisan Rosaldo
Published: September 2018

A linguagem e, mais precisamente, os problemas de linguagem,como a polissemia e a vagueza, afetam de forma substancial o estudodo Direito. E a situação se agrava no que se refere aos termos utilizadosem comércio internacional, seja em sua vertente tributária ou aduaneira,pois ao lado da própria diversidade de idiomas, surge uma variedadeartificial de termos técnicos, empregados de diferentes formas, emdetrimento de um estudo científico e até de uma racionalização docomércio e da tributação a ele atrelada. Propugna-se, assim, por umabusca da harmonização possível, sob a forma de verdadeiros glossáriosinternacionais, minimizando os efeitos da “Babel” na tributação do comércio exterior.
A TEORIA DAS INTELIGÊNCIAS MÚLTIPLAS DE HOWARD GARDNER E O ENSINO DO DIREITO
Authors: Morais Sales Lilia Maia de , De Araújo André Villaverde
Published: September 2018

A Teoria das Inteligências Múltiplas desenvolvida por Howard Gardner explica inteligência como capacidades de resolução de problemas e criação de produtos que impactem. O ensino do Direito necessita de mudança para atender à necessidade de que os profissionais desenvolvam habilidades para lidar com os desafios do mundo contemporâneo, como gerir conflitos e tomar decisões. Objetiva-se compreender a inter-relação entre as nove inteligências abordadas por Howard Gardner e o ensino jurídico. Para a realização deste trabalho, realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico e documental. Apontaram-se inovações para o ensino jurídico a partir doconceito de inteligência com base na resolução de problemas e impacto.
SAÚDE E DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO: PARCERIAS COM O TERCEIRO SETOR E INCORPORAÇÃO DE NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS AO SUS
Authors: Mânica Fernando Borges , Wandscheer Clarissa Bueno
Published: September 2018

O Estado, ao ser detentor da titularidade da prestação da assistência à saúde, enfrenta alguns percalços, tais quais (i) as dificuldades financeiras dos entes prestadores e; (ii) a dependência de novas tecnologias para garantir a adequabilidade deste serviço público. Sendo assim, o presente texto tem por escopo analisar a utilização dos convênios, com entidades do terceiro setor, como ferramenta apta a propiciar eficiência ao atendimento à sociedade. Deste modo, utilizando o método hipotético-dedutivo, é realizado um estudo do ordenamento jurídico pátrio, em conjunto com um levantamento bibliográfico, objetivando a defesa da utilização dos convênios como meios idôneos para a aplicação de recursos públicos do Estado com vistas a propiciar a aquisição de equipamentos que permitam a incorporação de novas tecnologias ao SUS, por via das entidades do terceiro setor.
Multitemporal Classification Under Label Noise Based on Outdated Maps
Authors: Maas Alina E. , Rottensteiner Franz , Alobeid Abdalla , Heipke Christian
Published: September 2018

Supervised classification of remotely sensed images is a classical method for change detection. The task requires training data in the form of image data with known class labels. If the training labels are acquired from an outdated map, the classifier must cope with errors in the training
labels. These errors (label noise) typically occur in clusters in object space, because they are caused by land cover changes over time. In this paper we adapt a label noise tolerant training technique for classification, so that the fact that changes affect larger clusters of pixels is considered.
We also integrate the existing map into an iterative classification procedure to act as a priori in regions which are likely to contain changes. Additionally we expand the model for multitemporal data, making it applicable for time series. Our experiments are based on four test areas, including
a multitemporal example. Our results show that this method helps to distinguish between real changes over time and false detections caused by misclassification and thus improve the accuracy of the classification results.
Efficacy and safety of misoprostol vaginal insert vs. oral misoprostol for induction of labor
Authors: Redling Katharina , Schaedelin Sabine , Huhn Evelyn Annegret , Hoesli Irene
Published: September 2018

Objectives

To compare the oral application form of misoprostol with the misoprostol vaginal insert (MVI) in a Swiss cohort with special regards to the efficacy and safety.

Methods

We performed a retrospective case series including a historical group induced with oral misoprostol (MO, n=101) and an MVI group (n=101). The primary outcome was time to delivery. Secondary outcomes were mode of delivery, occurrence of tachysystole, use of analgesia and neonatal adverse outcome.

Results

A total of 202 women were included in the analysis (101 in the MVI as well as in the MO group). Time from start of induction to delivery was significantly shorter in the MVI group compared to the MO group (15.91 h vs. 37.68 h, P<0.001). Within the first 24 h, 78.2% of the women in the MVI group had given birth compared to 28.7% in the MO group (P<0.001). Tachysystole occurred more often in the MVI group (22.8% vs. 5.0%, P<0.001). Women in the MVI group more often needed opioid analgesia during the induction before onset of active labor (31.7% vs. 2.0%, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between neonatal outcomes in the two groups.

Conclusion

Time to delivery was significantly shorter in the MVI group with a higher rate of vaginal deliveries within the first 24 h. However, patients needed more opioids for pain relief during induction with MVI. There was no difference in neonatal outcomes.
Redescription and phylogenetic position of Ctenomys dorsalis Thomas 1900, an enigmatic tuco tuco (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) from the Paraguayan Chaco
Authors: Londoño-Gaviria Manuela , Teta Pablo , Ríos Sergio D. , Patterson Bruce D.
Published: September 2018

Ctenomys dorsalis is known only from its type specimen, a female preserved as skin without skull (except for the upper incisors) from an imprecise locality in the “Northern Chaco of Paraguay”. Here, we report additional individuals of this species housed, since the 1940s, at the Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago, USA). Based on these specimens, which fully match the original description of this rodent, we provide novel information regarding its phylogenetic position, external and cranial morphology, and distribution. The analysis of mtDNA sequences supports the distinctiveness of this taxon and suggests its placement within the boliviensis group of Ctenomys. Our study highlights once more the importance of museum collections as repositories of biodiversity.
Towards an Object-Oriented Ethics: Schopenhauer, Spinoza, and the Physics of Objective Evil
Authors: Dalton Drew M.
Published: September 2018

Objects are inert, passive, devoid of will, and as such bear no intrinsic value or moral worth. This claim is supported by the argument that to be considered a moral agent one must have a conscious will and be sufficiently free to act in accordance with that will. Since material objects, it is assumed, have no active will nor freedom, they should not be considered moral agents nor bearers of intrinsic ethical vale. Thus, the apparent “moral neutrality” of objects rests upon a kind of subject/object or mind/body dualism. The aim of this paper is to explore two paths by which western thought can escape this dualism, re-valuate the alleged “moral neutrality” of material objects, and initiate a sort of “object oriented ethics,” albeit with surprising results. To do so, this paper explores the work of Arthur Schopenhauer and Baruch Spinoza to interrogate both the claim that material objects have no will and that freedom is the necessary condition for ethical responsibility. This paper concludes by arguing that not only should objects been seen as bearers of their own ethical value, a determinate judgement can be made regarding that value through a basic understanding of the laws of physics.
The “Ontological Difference” Again. A Dialetheic Perspective on Heidegger’s Mainstay
Authors: Gandellini Francesco
Published: September 2018

This paper intends to offer a new assessment of the “Ontological Difference” (OD), one of Martin Heidegger’s mainstays, in the light of the metaphysical view called “dialetheism”. In the first paragraph I briefly summarize the main argument of Heidegger’s contradiction of Being, where OD is present as a premise. In the second paragraph I introduce dialetheism, indicate two kinds of dialetheic solutions to the paradox and explain why they face comeback troubles from OD. The third paragraph is devoted to a review of Heidegger’s uses of OD and underlines the crucial role of negation in it. In the fourth paragraph I investigate the philosopher’s account of negation and show similarities with the account provided by the paraconsistent logic called “Logic of Paradox”. The fifth paragraph puts forward two possible readings of OD, the first based on the classical notion of negation and the second on the notion of negation pointed out in the previous paragraph. The second reading is proved suitable for dialetheists and in accordance with the exegesis of some textual passages from Heidegger’s late works.
Unwitting Inventors: Speakers Use -ly-Adverbs More Creatively when Primed
Authors: De Smet Hendrik
Published: September 2018

Speakers may use language creatively because they want to be extravagant, or because they need to communicate content for which no conventional coding solution exists. In addition, however, there is a third motivation for creativity that is both more fundamental and less conspicuous. Speakers are creative because their mental access to linguistic resources is limited and variable – a factor referred to here as ‘availability.’ In this paper, corpus data from the spoken British National Corpus and from the Hansard Corpus are used to show that speakers of English use the morphological pattern of -ly-adverb formation (as in correctly, locally, poorly etc.) more creatively when they have recently heard or used another -ly-adverb. This manifests itself in higher type frequencies – hence, more varied forms – for -ly-adverbs. The effect can be ascribed to priming, and indicates that the creative use of a linguistic resource depends on factors that facilitate mental access to it.
Exploring the Creative Potential of Computational Construction Grammar
Authors: Van Eecke Paul , Beuls Katrien
Published: September 2018

Computational construction grammar aims to provide concrete processing models that operationalise construction grammar accounts of the different aspects of language. This paper discusses the computational mechanisms that allow construction grammar models to exhibit, to a certain extent, the creativity and inventiveness that is observed in human language use. It addresses two main types of language-related creativity. The first type concerns the ‘free combination of constructions,’ which gives rise to the open-endedness of language. The second type concerns the ‘appropriate violation of usual constraints’ that permits language users to go beyond what is possible when adhering to the usual constraints of the language, and be truly creative by relaxing these constraints and by introducing novel constructions. All mechanisms and examples discussed in this paper are fully operationalised and implemented in Fluid Construction Grammar.
Creativity Parallels between Language and Music
Authors: Trousdale Graeme
Published: September 2018

This article explores possible connections between language, music and creativity, particularly in terms of change in linguistic and musical grammars. It considers parallels between properties of usage-based grammars (like chunking and schematicity) and musical structures. While some research into the relationship between music and language has tended to align itself more with formal approaches to knowledge about language, the discussion here is more focussed on functional, usage-based approaches. The article sets out some ways in which work on musical change might be used to think about parallels between language and music, and how this connects to creativity.
Intensive psychiatric treatment with emerging adults: Addressing the problem of establishing collaboration
Authors: O'Malley Flynn
Published: September 2018

The Compass Program at The Menninger Clinic was designed to assess and treat emerging adult psychiatric patients with severe disorders. Establishing a collaborative therapeutic relationship with these challenging patients is an essential step in facilitating effective assessment and treatment for them. The author presents a therapeutic model for engagement and collaboration. Three interrelated processes that are keys to promoting and creating collaborative behavior are described: (1) taking agency, the ability to accept responsibility for and believe in one's own contribution to solving problems; (2) mentalizing, the ability to reflect on, as opposed to react to, mental states in self and others, as well as to contemplate the issues in one's treatment process, and (3) the ability to examine one's problems from the standpoint of identifying core issues, those internal and external factors that have been impediments to one's progress. Case examples are used to illustrate these processes.
CACHD1 is an α2δ-Like Protein That Modulates CaV3 Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel Activity
Authors: Cottrell Graeme S. , Soubrane Camille H. , Hounshell James A. , Lin Hong , Owenson Venetia , Rigby Michael , Cox Peter J. , Barker Bryan S. , Ottolini Matteo , Ince Selvi , Bauer Claudia C. , Perez-Reyes Edward , Patel Manoj K. , Stevens Edward B. , Stephens Gary J.
Published: September 2018

The putative cache (Ca2+channel and chemotaxis receptor) domain containing 1 (CACHD1) protein has predicted structural similarities to members of the α2δ voltage-gated Ca2+channel auxiliary subunit family. CACHD1 mRNA and protein were highly expressed in the male mammalian CNS, in particular in the thalamus, hippocampus, and cerebellum, with a broadly similar tissue distribution to CaV3 subunits, in particular CaV3.1. In expression studies, CACHD1 increased cell-surface localization of CaV3.1, and these proteins were in close proximity at the cell surface, consistent with the formation of CACHD1-CaV3.1 complexes. In functional electrophysiological studies, coexpression of human CACHD1 with CaV3.1, CaV3.2, and CaV3.3 caused a significant increase in peak current density and corresponding increases in maximal conductance. By contrast, α2δ-1 had no effect on peak current density or maximal conductance in CaV3.1, CaV3.2, or CaV3.3. A comparison of CACHD1-mediated increases in CaV3.1 current density and gating currents revealed an increase in channel open probability. In hippocampal neurons from male and female embryonic day 19 rats, CACHD1 overexpression increased CaV3-mediated action potential firing frequency and neuronal excitability. These data suggest that CACHD1 is structurally an α2δ-like protein that functionally modulates CaV3 voltage-gated calcium channel activity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis is the first study to characterize the Ca2+channel and chemotaxis receptor domain containing 1 (CACHD1) protein. CACHD1 is widely expressed in the CNS, in particular in the thalamus, hippocampus, and cerebellum. CACHD1 distribution is similar to that of low voltage-activated (CaV3, T-type) calcium channels, in particular to CaV3.1, a protein that regulates neuronal excitability and is a potential therapeutic target in conditions such as epilepsy and pain. CACHD1 is structurally an α2δ-like protein that functionally increases CaV3 calcium current. CACHD1 increases the presence of CaV3.1 at the cell surface, forms complexes with CaV3.1 at the cell surface, and causes an increase in channel open probability. In hippocampal neurons, CACHD1 causes increases in neuronal firing. Thus, CACHD1 represents a novel protein that modulates CaV3 activity.
Pantun in The Text of Nyanyian Lagu Melayu Asli (NLMA)
Authors: Ritawati Tengku
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study is to understand the role of pantun in the text of Nyanyian Lagu Melayu Asli (NLMA). By using critical descriptive method accompanied by implementation of content analysis theory, the author conducted literature studies (literature studies), namely activities relating to compilation and critical analysis of literature data, such as books, magazines, documents, historical stories and etc. The results of the study found that Pantun is an old Malay poetry work that is not only full of meaning but also solid with its beauty value. Values of beauty can perceived if we are sensitive and susceptible with structure and language style a pack of Pantun. The other result of this study found the functionality of the origin creation of Pantun associated with; (1) commoners who created pantun through their own living experiences, (2) wise people who issued wise words from their contemplation and (3) wise verses from the holy book, namely the Qur'an. The most important research results above all of them are: 1). Pantun as a literary art, which has fulfilled the provisions as one of the highest art works of the Malay heritage. 2). Pantun as a culture of the Malay community confirms that the culture of reciprocating pantun is the culture of the Malay people. 3). Therefore, as the ‘soul’ of NLMA, meaning and aesthetic of a Pantun should be understood and expressed by all NLMA singers.
Decidual expression and regulation of Fatty acid desaturase 3 during mouse decidualization
Authors: Lin Shuai , Zhu Yu-Yuan , Hu Wei , Yang Yan , Luo Jia-Mei , Hu Shijun , Yang Zeng-Ming
Published: September 2018

Decidualization is required for the successful establishment of pregnancy in rodents and primates. Fatty acid desaturase 3 (Fads3) belongs to the fatty acid desaturase family, which is a crucial enzymes for highly unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. However, the expression, regulation and function of Fads3 during early pregnancy in mice are still unknown. In this study, we examined Fads3 expression, regulation and function during mouse decidualization. The expression of Fads3 is detected in the subluminal stromal cells at implantation site on day 5 of pregnancy, but not at inter-implantation site and in day 5 pseudopregnant uteri. Compared to delayed implantation, Fads3 is strongly expressed after delayed implantation is activated by estrogen treatment. From days 6 to 8, Fads3 mRNA signals are significantly detected in the decidua. In ovariectomized mice, estrogen significantly stimulates Fads3 expression. However, estrogen has no effect on Fads3 expression in ovariectomized ERα deficient mice, suggesting that estrogen regulation on Fads3 expression is ERα-dependent. When ovariectomized mice were treated with progesterone, Fads3 expression is significantly increased by progesterone. Progesterone stimulation on Fads3 expression is also detected in cultured stromal cells, which is abrogated by RU486 treatment. These data indicate that progesterone upregulation on Fads3 expression is progesterone receptor-dependent. Fads3 knockdown by siRNA reduces in vitro decidualization of mouse stromal cells. Taken together, Fads3 may play an important role during mouse decidualization.
Hemodynamic monitoring using thoracic bioimpedance – an optimal solution for the treatment of hypertension
Authors: Farcas Anca Daniela , Anton Florin Petru , Mocan Mihaela , Vida-Simiti Luminita Animarie
Published: September 2018

Hypertension is a major issue of public health because of its increasing prevalence and multiple complications caused by failing to achieve an efficient blood pressure control. Considering hypertension as a hemodynamic disorder allows to prescribe a tailored therapy guided by individual hemodynamic parameters, therefore leading to an increased rate of control. We present the case of a 59 years old diabetic, dyslipidemic and obese male who, although treated with 5 classes of antihypertensive drugs had uncontrolled hypertension that caused left ventricular failure. Using the HOTMAN system of hemodynamic monitoring using thoracic electrical bioimpedance allowed a quick identification of the cause and guided the therapy, achieving blood pressure control after 5 days of treatment. Treating hypertension by identifying the underlying hemodynamic imbalance allows prescribing a tailored therapy and shortens the initiation and stabilization phases of treatment.
Performance of detectors used in measurements of radioactive materials deposited in tissues from intakes by wounds
Authors: Lopes Amanda Gomes , Tauhata Luiz , Bertelli Luiz
Published: September 2018

In the care of people injured with wounds with incorporated radioactive material, the basic information is collected, using appropriate detectors, following procedures established in first aid protocol. The reliability of the data collected for medical treatment depends greatly on the metrological performance of the equipment, the experimental set up and the scenario of the occurrence of the accident. The methodology to evaluate the performance of the detectors use the comparison of the attenuation coefficient value of each radionuclide obtained by the attenuation curve of tissue-equivalent material to the theoretical value established by NIST in each experimental set up. The good performance was defined when the difference between the experimental and theoretical value is close to zero. The experimental set ups were chosen according to the types of possible measurements performed in the various scenarios of the radiological accident. The detectors used were Personal Radiation Dosimeter, IdentiFINDER2, Cadmium Telluride and Hyper Pure Germanium. The results for 241Am showed better performance with HPGe and IdentiFINDER2 shielded. For the 60Co the best performance occurred with the shielded and collimated IdentiFINDER2. For the 137Cs, the HPGe detector presented the best performance.