bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration geochemistry of surficial media over the high-grade McArthur River uranium deposit, Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Beyer Steve R. , Kyser Kurt , Kotzer Tom G. , Ansdell Kevin , Quirt David
Published: October 2021

An orientation survey using surficial media was performed over the high-grade McArthur River unconformity-related U deposit (Saskatchewan, Canada) to test whether or not secondary dispersion of elements related to the ore body or alteration zone can be detected at the surface more than 500 m above the deposit. Organic-rich Ah-horizon soils, Fe-rich B-horizon soils, C-horizon soils, tree cores of Jack pine (Pinus banksiana), and glacially dispersed boulders of Manitou Falls Formation sandstone that host the U deposit were collected in four sampling grids near the mine site. Two of the grids overlaid the trace of the P2 fault that hosts the deposit and extends nearly to the surface, one grid overlaid both the P2 fault and one of the high-grade ore bodies (Zone 4), and one grid was located 2.5 km away from the ore body surface trace in the barren hanging wall of the P2 fault. The grid overlying the Zone 4 ore body had the highest proportion of samples with elevated U and low 207Pb/206Pb ratios, the latter indicative of radiogenic Pb from a high-U source, measured in two size fractions of Ah-horizon soils using Na pyrophosphate leach, pine tree cores using total digestion, and sandstone boulders using 2% HNO3 leach. A handful of pathfinder elements, such as As, Co, Ni, and Pb, are variably associated with the U and radiogenic Pb. Sandstone boulders with an assemblage of dravite + kaolinite ± illite, determined using shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy and matching the alteration mineralogy in the Manitou Falls Formation above the U deposit, were prevalent in the grid above the Zone 4 ore body and in the adjacent grid in the direction of glacial dispersion. A coarse fraction of the B-horizon soils, leached with 5% HNO3, highlighted the grid above the Zone 4 ore body to a lesser extent, whereas HNO3 leaches and aqua regia digests of C-horizon soil separates did not highlight the P2 fault or ore body trace due to influence by parent till mineralogy. Results of environmental monitoring at the mine site, which was active at the time of sampling, suggest that dust containing U, Pb, and radionuclides from waste rock piles and a ventilation shaft could influence A-horizon soil geochemistry near the mine site, and that U and radiogenic Pb anomalies in B- and C-horizon soils near the water table are close to a treated mine effluent discharge point. However, older trees that record elevated U and radiogenic Pb in annual rings that pre-date mining activity, and alteration mineralogy and geochemistry of boulders that are less susceptible to the influences of mining activity, add confidence that the geochemical anomaly in diverse surficial media above the Zone 4 ore body represents secondary dispersion from the underlying U deposit.
Mineralogy and petrogenesis of fracture coatings in Athabasca Group sandstones from the McArthur River uranium deposit
Authors: Valentino Marissa , Kyser T. Kurt , Leybourne Matthew I. , Kotzer Tom , Quirt David , Lypaczewski Philip , Layton-Matthews Daniel , Joyce Nicholas
Published: October 2021

The McArthur River unconformity-related uranium deposit, located in the Athabasca Basin of Saskatchewan, Canada, is structurally hosted near the unconformity between Archean to Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary basement and the Proterozoic Athabasca Group sandstones. In this study, the mineralogy and geochemistry of fracture materials within the entire ca. 550 m thickness of the Athabasca Group sandstones and the metasedimentary (host) rocks from the McArthur River area were used to determine the paragenetic sequence and origin of minerals in and near the fractures. Our work sought to determine if the host minerals record elements associated with the uranium deposit at depth and if they could be used to guide exploration (vectoring). Fracture orientations indicate that most are moderately dipping (<50°) and provided permeable pathways for fluid movement within the basin, from below, and through the overlying sedimentary rocks. Many of the fractures and adjacent wall rocks record evidence of multiple distinct fluid events.

Seven types of fracture fillings were identified from drill core intersecting the Athabasca Basin and present distinct colors, mineralogy, and chemical features. Brown (Type 1) and pink (Type 7) fractures host paragenetically late botryoidal goethite, Mn oxide minerals, and poorly crystallized kaolinite that formed from relatively recent low-temperature meteoric fluids, as indicated by poor crystallinity and low δ2H values of –198 to –115‰. These minerals variably replaced higher temperature minerals that are rarely preserved on the fractures or in wall rock near the fractures. Hydrothermal alteration associated with the mineralizing system at ca. 200 °C is recorded in assemblages of dickite, well-crystallized kaolinite, and spherulitic dravite in some white and yellow (Type 2) and white (Type 3) fractures, as reflected by the crystal habits and variable δ2H values of –85 to –44‰. Fibrous goethite in white and yellow (Type 2) and black and orange (Type 5) fractures and microfibrous Mn oxy-hydroxide minerals in black (Type 4) fractures also crystallized from hydrothermal fluids, but at temperatures less than 200 °C.

White and yellow fractures (Type 2) containing fibrous goethite reflect fracture networks indicative of hydrothermal fluids associated with the mineralizing system during primary dispersion of pathfinder elements and therefore extend the deposit footprint. Brown (Type 1) and pink (Type 7) fractures have low δ2H values in botryoidal goethite and poorly crystallized kaolinite and are indicative of the movement of meteoric waters. Secondary dispersion of elements from the deposit to the surface on some fractures is evidence that fractures are pathways for element migration from the deposit to the surface, over distances exceeding ∼500 m.
Quality Assurance And Export Potential Of Uzbek Grapes
Authors:   Doctor Of Technical Sciences, Head Of The Department Of Standardization And Certification Of Agricultural Products, Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Shamsiddinovich Muminov Najmiddin , Аkromovich Kendjaev Anvar ,   Master Of The Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: October 2021

The article describes the chemical composition and nutritional value of grapes, assortment and its classification, technology for the production and storage of grapes, tasting assessment and the standard requirement for the quality of table grape varieties. Also, the state of development of the viticulture and winemaking industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan is analyzed, the assortment and classification of products are analyzed. The requirement of the international standard for the quality of table grapes (UNECE FFV-19) is given. As a result of the analysis and research, recommendations were developed to ensure the quality and safety of grapes and wine products and to increase their export potential.
The Importance Of Planting And Processing Of Medium-Field Cotton Varieties Between Cotton Rows In Fergana Region
Authors:   Candidate Of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Department Of “Technology Of Storage And Processing Of Agricultural Products”, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan, Mo’minovich Ubaydullayev Madamin , Jamolxon Qizi Ne’matova Feruzaxon ,   Assistant, Department Of “Technology Of Storage And Processing Of Agricultural Products”, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Published: October 2021

The article deals with agrotechnical measures and special measures related to the timing and depth of sowing, depending on the soil conditions of each region, each field, as well as the timely cultivation between rows.
Morphological Assessment Of Wounds Healing In The Region Of Anal Canal In Rats On The Background Of Medicamental Hypocoagulation
Authors:   Urgench Branch Of The Tashkent Medical Academy, Urgench, Uzbekistan, Ruzibayev R.Yu. , Ruzmatov P.Yu. ,   Urgench Branch Of The Tashkent Medical Academy, Urgench, Uzbekistan, Umarov D.A. ,   Urgench Branch Of The Tashkent Medical Academy, Urgench, Uzbekistan
Published: October 2021

Purpose of the study: to conduct a morphological study of experimental material to assess the features of wound healing in the anal sphincter area when using the domestic drug “Heprocel” as a hemostatic agent. Material and methods. The study was carried out in the Department of experimental surgery and the department of pathological anatomy of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Surgery named after Academician V. Vakhidov. The state of experimental models of wounds with the application of a hemostatic agent in the form of a gel was studied. The experiments were carried out on 72 white male rats weighing 210-250 g. Two series of 36 animals each were produced. All animals were divided into groups: norm - experiment in the absence of drug hypocoagulation; control - an experiment with intravenous heparin to achieve drug hypocoagulation; experience - an experiment with intravenous administration of heparin to achieve drug hypocoagulation using an application on a model of a skin wound and a dissected anal sphincter of the hemostatic agent "Heprocel". Results. Morphological differences in the process of wound healing were most pronounced after 3 days of the study. In the control group of animals with hemostasis using an electrocoagulator, necrotic and exudative processes of inflammation in the stratified squamous epithelium and mucous membrane of the glands in the anal region were evident. In the experimental group, on the 3-5th day of the experiment, the proliferative process of inflammation predominated morphologically. A special feature is that the hemostatic gel is absorbed into the wound, forming a thin uniform layer. On the 10th day of the experiment, the above difference became more obvious. In the control group, chaotic squamous epithelial cells and fibroblasts were formed. The fibrin-necrotic layer is preserved. Focal infiltration of macrophages-lymphocytes was observed. In the experimental group, the intestinal layers began to change. In the area of the surgical incision, the hemostatic layer is preserved; in this area, the growth of thin fibrous connective tissue is observed. Differentiation and transformation of cells led to the regeneration of the epithelial layer and parakeratosis of the flat cell. Signs of complete remodeling were evident over a long period of time, such as 14 days. Conclusion. The use of a hemostatic agent in the form of a gel provides not only an increase in the processes of local hemostasis, but a decrease in the activity of inflammatory reactions and infection, as well as the risk of developing post-traumatic cicatricial deformity of the anus.
Research In The Field Of Intensive Oxidative Roasting Of Molybdenum Sludges
Authors:   PhD, Associate Professor, Navoi State Mining Institute, Navoi, Uzbekistan, Tolibov Behzod , Hasanov Abdurashid ,   DSc, Professor, Deputy Chief Engineer Of JSC Almalyk Mining And Metallurgical Combine, Almalyk, Uzbekistan
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the issues of oxidative roasting of sulfide molybdenum-containing materials. The main indicators of production, the recommended parameters for optimal oxidation of sulfides are given as a result of experiments. Also, theoretical foundations and practical data are presented, conclusions on the oxidation of molybdenum sulfide compounds are analyzed and summarized. As a result of numerous laboratory experiments, conclusions have been drawn for the production.
An Economic System And Its Elements
Authors:   Associate Professor, PhD, Tashkent University Of Information Technologies, Named After, Muhammad Al-Khwarizmi, Uzbekistan, Bahodir Qizi Nazarova Charos , Nurmuxanbetovna Nazarova Gulchexra ,   Associate Professor, PhD, Tashkent University Of Information Technologies, Named After, Muhammad Al-Khwarizmi, Uzbekistan
Published: October 2021

An economic system is a set of interrelated elements that make up a common economic structure. It is common to distinguish 4 types of economic structures: traditional economy, command economy, market economy and mixed economy. The following article discusses all the four types of an economic system.
The Existing Problems In Attracting Foreign Investment To The National Economy And Ways To Overcome Them
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Tashkent Financial Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Ravshanbek O’g’li Hoshimov Jahongir
Published: October 2021

The article analyses the importance of foreign investment and the existing problems in attracting them to the national economy and ways to overcome them based on statistics. The article also outlines the factors influencing the inflow of foreign investment and recommendations for their elimination.
Social And Medical Aspects Of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction In Arterial Hypertension
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department Of Public Health Management, Bukhara State Medical Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Subidinovna Baratova Mehribon
Published: October 2021

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a syndrome of several chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system. Among them, arterial hypertension (AH) occupies an important place. High blood pressure (BP) is considered to be the most common cause of CHF. The progression of hypertension towards heart failure includes geometric changes in LV and DD.
Some Structural Features Of The Prevalence Of Disability And Kaitian Disability In Khorezm Province From Hypertension
Authors:   Department Of Faculty And Hospital Therapy, Urgench Branch, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Shokirovich Ruzmetov Bazirgon
Published: October 2021

Diseases of the circulatory system are considered one of the most urgent problems of the health system in all countries of the world, and one of its leading diseases – arterial blood pressure, with its relatively severe complications, is distinguished from other diseases of the same system. In the following years, in many developed countries of the world, including Uzbekistan, the main share of causes of death is being persecuted for diseases of the circulatory system. In European countries, this figure is 48% (in men - 43%, in women – 55%), in Uzbekistan, this is in the 2009 year.It is noted that from diseases (ischemic heart disease) to 50,1%, from hypertension to 17,7%) – 20,8% [1,3].
Features Of Verticalization In Early Rehabilitation Of Ischaemic Stroke And Diabetes Patients
Authors:   Candidate Of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head Of Department Rehabilitation Medicine And Sports Medicine, Bukhara State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Sayfullaevich Pulatov Sadriddin , Giyasovich Ruziev Feruz ,   Neurologist, Republican Scientific Centre For Emergency Medical Care, Bukhara Branch, Uzbekistan
Published: October 2021

The risk of stroke in diabetic patients is significantly higher than in non-diabetic patients. Appropriate studies on the prevalence and characteristics of the onset of elderly diabetes with stroke in many countries are still lacking. Effective prevention and control still face enormous challenges. Older diabetic patients with osteoporosis need sensible intervention and treatment based on an individualised comprehensive assessment.
The Stability Of Family As A Criterion Of Social Welfare
Authors:   Independent Researcher At The Karshi State University, Uzbekistan, Ashurova S.U.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the influence of family stability on the life of society, describes the factors that ensure the success of family relations, the mechanisms of influence on society. Proposals were made that should be implemented to ensure the stability of society.
In The Karakalpak Language, The Terms For A Dish Made From Flour Patch Dough
Authors:   Trainee-Researcher, Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan, Begdullaevna Esbergenova Rysgul
Published: October 2021

Porridge is a thick food made from flour or cereals. There are several types of this food, depending on the product: Let's try to make it from flour, katybylamyk uzbentai - a kind of boiled corn flour boiled in water, flour porridge - a kind of porridge made from millet, shalma karma - a kind of sorghum flour soaked in fish soup, thick oatmeal with flour and milk, oatmeal, porridge, flour from various cereals, oatmeal.
The conditional approach to evaluating detection performance
Authors: Schwarz Wolf
Published: October 2021

In many applied single-point Yes/No signal-detection studies, the main interest is to evaluate the observer’s sensitivity, based on the observed rates of hits and false alarms. For example, Kostopoulou, Nurek, Cantarella et al. (2019, Medical Decision Making, 39, 21–31) presented general practitioners (GPs) with clinical vignettes of patients showing various cancer-related symptoms, and asked them to decide if urgent referral was required; the standard discrimination index d′ was calculated for each GP. An alternative conditional approach to statistical inference emphasizes explicitly the conditional nature of the inferences drawn, and argues on the basis of the response marginal (the number of “yes” responses) that was actually observed. It is closely related to, for example, Fisher’s exact test or the Rasch model in item response theory which have long been valuable and prominent in psychology. The conditional framework applied to single-point Yes/No detection studies is based on the noncentral hypergeometric sampling distribution and permits, for samples of any size, exact inference because it eliminates nuisance (i.e., bias) parameters by conditioning. We describe in detail how the conditional approach leads to conditional maximum likelihood sample estimates of sensitivity, and to exact confidence intervals for the underlying (log) odds ratio. We relate the conditional approach to classical (logistic) detection models also leading to analyses of the odds ratio, compare its statistical power to that of the unconditional approach, and conclude by discussing some of its pros and cons.
Visual Field Analysis: A reliable method to score left and right eye use using automated tracking
Authors: Josserand Mathilde , Rosa-Salva Orsola , Versace Elisabetta , Lemaire Bastien S.
Published: October 2021

Brain and behavioural asymmetries have been documented in various taxa. Many of these asymmetries involve preferential left and right eye use. However, measuring eye use through manual frame-by-frame analyses from video recordings is laborious and may lead to biases. Recent progress in technology has allowed the development of accurate tracking techniques for measuring animal behaviour. Amongst these techniques, DeepLabCut, a Python-based tracking toolbox using transfer learning with deep neural networks, offers the possibility to track different body parts with unprecedented accuracy. Exploiting the potentialities of DeepLabCut, we developed Visual Field Analysis, an additional open-source application for extracting eye use data. To our knowledge, this is the first application that can automatically quantify left–right preferences in eye use. Here we test the performance of our application in measuring preferential eye use in young domestic chicks. The comparison with manual scoring methods revealed a near perfect correlation in the measures of eye use obtained by Visual Field Analysis. With our application, eye use can be analysed reliably, objectively and at a fine scale in different experimental paradigms.
Methodological approaches to evaluating the quality of state programs of the Republic of Kazakhstan (on the example of the employment sector)
Authors:   Innovative University of Eurasia, . Bekniyazova D.S. , Kaliskarova A.Zh. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia, Baiburina D.O. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia, Reshina G.A. ,   Baltic International Academy, Latvia Republic
Published: October 2021

Main problem: One of the officially recognized problems of the system of state planning and regional development is imperfection of the methodology for assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of the activities of state bodies. In fact, there is no assessment of economic and social efficiency and an assessment of the impact on society. In this regard, the authors have developed methodological approaches to assessing the quality (effectiveness) of state programs (on the example of the program of the Republic of Kazakhstan “Employment Roadmap – 2020”) is urgent task for theory and practice of regional development. The purpose of the research is the investigation of the methodological foundations for evaluating the quality of implementation of state programs of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of employment (based on the materials of program of the Republic of Kazakhstan “Employment Roadmap 2020”). Methods: The article uses a systematic approach to solving problems that ensures the unity of qualitative and quantitative methods: qualitative content analysis; a monographic method; the method of economic and statistical research. Results and their value: The value of the study lies in the fact that methodological approaches to the evaluation of programs in the public administration system are identified. For an economic assessment involving the calculation and analysis of unit costs per program participant, the authors propose to conduct dynamic and comparative analysis of the values of unit costs for achieving final results in directions of“DKZ-2020” program. This will allow to compare individual projects and program areas by costs in dynamics and further to identify those factors that work for their unjustified growth. The calculation of presented indicators is also important in regional context, since it allows considering those regions that significantly deviate from the national values in one direction or another.
The education system in the era of the fourth industrial revolution: developing skills and thinking for learning
Authors:   Innovative University of Eurasia, Bespalyy S. , Ifutina Ye. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia
Published: October 2021

Computer systems and technologies are changing our society significantly. These changes are interconnected with both social and production spheres. Innovative digital technologies have a huge impact on the labor market and professional activity, contributing to their transfer to the electronic environment. Using digital technologies, modern people set new goals and solve problems with an increasing speed of problem solving, capitalizing on the possibilities of collaborative distributed actions within networks. In this regard, new competencies of specialists are in demand. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the impact of the fourth industrial revolution on the education system and the development of skills and thinking for learning. Methods: When conducting scientific research, economic and statistical methods were used. These methods were also used in comparative analysis, as well as in assessing data and indicators of the higher education system, taking into account the impact of the fourth industrial revolution. The analytical method was used to consider the characteristics and factors influencing the development of skills and thinking for learning in modern conditions. The abstract-logical method is used to identify problems affecting the development of the labor market under the influence of digital technologies. Results and their value: The result of the study is that conclusions are drawn about the upcoming changes. Automation and digitalization are likely to lead to significant unemployment in most countries, so adaptation innovation policies are needed to help offset unemployment due to digitalization. Governments need to invest heavily in higher education as an economic development tool for their citizens. Lifelong learning should be identified as a critical element of success in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. Curricula should develop digital skills and address workforce disruptions due to automation.
Strategies for Enhancing the Performance of (RPL) Protocol
Authors: Hussain Rana
Published: October 2021

Wireless sensor networks have many limitations such as power, bandwidth, and memory, which make the routing process very complicated. In this research, a wireless sensor network containing three moving sink nodes is studied according to four network scenarios. These scenarios differ in the number of sensor nodes in the network. The RPL (Routing Protocol for low power and lossy network) protocol was chosen as the actual routing protocol for the network based on some routing standards by using the Wsnet emulator. This research aims to increase the life of the network by varying the number of nodes forming it. By using different primitive energy of these nodes, this gives the network to continue working for the longest possible period with low and fair energy consumption between the nodes. In this work, the protocol was modified to make the sink node move to a specific node according to the node’s weight, which depends on the number of neighbors of this node, the number of hops from this node to the sink node, the remaining energy in this node, and the number of packets generated in this node. The simulation process of the RPL protocol showed good results and lower energy consumption compared to previous researches.
FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE: AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT
Authors: Dokiienko Larysa
Published: October 2021

Purpose – The main purpose of the article is to justify an alternative approach to assessing the level of financial security of the enterprises based on use the model of modified and adjusted financial statements. Research methodology – The following methods of general theoretical and empirical research were used in the writing of the article: abstract-logical (when systematizing scientific publications on the problems of financial security management of enterprises), comparisons and grouping (when developing and validating a model of modified financial statements), coefficient (when considering and using models for adjusting modified financial statements), grouping (when clustering enterprises depending on the results of the analysis), formalization (when developing a matrix for diagnosing the level of financial security of enterprises), generalization (when formulating research findings). Findings – Based on an established sample from nine of sunflower oil production enterprises of Ukraine their modified financial statements have been developed, it was adjusted to the consumer price index, key financial indicators of the model have been identified and the level of their financial security over the past 7 years have been assessed. The research identified a direct relationship between the level of financial security of enterprises and key financial indicators: financial stability, solvency and financial risk. Also, the proposed methodological approach can be not only an important tool for diagnosing the level of financial security of enterprises, but also its forecasting. Research limitations – The research limitation is associated with sampling size and geographical scope. Also, the diagnostic results may differ depending on the chosen adjustment base, determination of adjustment method and selection of inflation measurement method for the modification financial statements. Practical implications – Practical use of the proposed model proves that it is a convenient, simple, understandable and effective tool for diagnosing the financial security level of enterprises in terms of the main components: financial stability, solvency, and risk. The use of the proposed approach to the assessment of the financial security of the enterprise can serve as an indicator of the overall efficiency of its management at sunflower oil production enterprises and as an informative tool for factor analysis. Originality/Value – Consideration of a significantly different, alternative approach that allows enterprises to quickly and easily diagnose the level of their financial security; to manage it effectively during the current period, and can also become the basis for the formation of strategic directions of financial development and forecasting of the level of financial security for prospective period.
Stress Adaptation Among Family of Adolescent with Substance Use Disorders: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Subekti Heru , Agus Wilopo Siswanto , Rahmat Ibrahim
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Families of an adolescent with substance use disorders report significant burden and stress. Adequate coping strategies can modify the impact of stressful situations and increase family function.

AIM: The objective of the study was to systematically review literature related to the coping strategies and adaptations used by family members of the adolescent with substance use disorders to manage their stress.

METHODS: We conducted electronic searches using MEDLINE (PubMed), EBSCO, databases to select studies on family stress, and coping strategies that were published from January 2000 to December 2020. The search terms were family, parent, father, mother, coping, caregiver, strategy, adaptation, adolescent, and substance use disorders.

RESULTS: We found 961 articles. After application of exclusion criteria and exclusion of redundant references, 10 articles were thematically analyzed. The studies were organized into five categories: Engaged, tolerance, withdrawal, problem-focused, and emotion-focused coping strategies. The family members felt devastated by the incidents of violence and aggressive outbursts, and felt that they failed as parents. As a result, the parents felt very isolated from other family members and friends, and ashamed of their children’s behavior. Most families used problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies in different combinations.

CONCLUSION: The identified studies show that the use of emotional focus coping is the coping strategy most often done by families. Problem focus coping involved family efforts to find sources of information and seek treatment services as a mechanism for adaptive coping strategy. However, a mixed methods study is still needed that clearly illustrates the types of coping strategies used in various cultural perspectives and social status.
Public Buses Decontamination by Automated Hydrogen Peroxide Aerosolization System
Authors: Arunwuttipong Attapol , Jangtawee Parinton , Vchirawongkwin Viwat , Kangwansupamonkon Wiyong , Asavanant Kavin , Ekgasit Sanong
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Public transportation has been linked to an increase in the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 transmission. The effective decontamination system using aerosolized hydrogen peroxide can mitigate the transmission risk from using public transportation.

AIM: The aim of this study was to develop and validate an effective decontamination system for public transport.

METHODS: The experimental research was performed in 13 inter-city public buses. The aerosol generator with ultrasonic atomizer was used in the experiment. The validation process for disinfection was conducted using both a chemical indicator (CI) and spore discs biological indicator (inoculated with 106 Geobacillus stearothermophilus enclosed in glassine envelopes). The CIs and biological indicators were marked by number and placed in nine locations on each bus. The decontamination cycle was developed by analyzed of various aerosolized and decomposition period. Both concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, 5% and 7%, were used for comparison.

RESULTS: In an aerosolized period, both concentrations of hydrogen peroxide at 30 min were effective for sporicidal 6-log reductions. The decontamination cycle totaled 100 min, based on a 70 min average decomposition time.

CONCLUSIONS: The automated hydrogen peroxide aerosolized system is a highly effective and safe method of decontaminating public buses.
The Role of Ethnicity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Siregar Gontar Alamsyah , Darmadi Darmadi , Ruslie Riska Habriel
Published: October 2021

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammation of the digestive tract which consists of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The disease is previously recognized as a disease of Western countries but later it spreads all over the world across every ethnicity. The disease manifestations vary from intestinal to extra-intestinal manifestations. There are two risk factors related to the incidence of IBD: Internal and environmental factors. The internal factor is related to genetic susceptibility and genetic susceptibility is associated with ethnicity. Subject from Black ethnic has higher risk for suffering from IBD. Caucasians even have the lowest incidence compared to other ethnics. The disease course is also worse in Black and Hispanic ethnics. Asians have milder disease course. Immigrants tend to have higher risk for IBD compared to native subjects. Further investigations showed that ethnicity carries variable genetic characteristics which affect immune activity, intestinal barrier integrity, and autophagy. All the above mentioned will elicit inflammation if being unbalanced. Chronic inflammation particularly in digestive tract leads to IBD. Knowledge regarding the tendency of IBD in several ethnics raises awareness and will initiate earlier preventive measure against IBD.
Digital Health Usage and Awareness among MedicalStudents: A Survey Study
Authors: Hassan Radwa , Kamel Elsalamony Omaima , Abdel-Aziz Shaimaa , Fathelbab Mohammed , Aly Sabry Hend
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: In the era of increasingly expanding digital ecosystem, health misinformation became highly risky, especially the information sources which are non-evidence based. This problem is magnified due to the vulnerability of most internet users, especially the adolescents information seekers who lack health literacy.
AIM: The aim of this study is to explore the pattern of digital health usage among medical university students and their level of awareness towards choosing online health information (OHI).
METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 480 medical students from 1st, 2nd, and 3rd academic years, at the Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, between October 2019 and October 2020. Students took an online structured questionnaire on google forms.
RESULTS: Mobile smartphones were the most widely used technological devices by participants. Almost all participants used Internet daily 98.8%, with the highest preference to social media 72.5% and text messaging 74.8%. Seeking health information was a common practice for personal health-related purpose of using Internet 87.1%, despite the lack in checking the reliability of messages and quality of provider. Knowledge about advantages and disadvantages of digital tools was also deficient among participant medical students.
CONCLUSION: Despite the high technology adoption among the university medical students, they lack the needed knowledge and skills for proper search, choosing, and evaluation of OHI.
Online-Based Nutrition Education to Reduce Sugar, Salt, and Fat Intake in School Children: A Research Protocol
Authors: Mahmudiono Trias , Indriasari Rahayu , Pangesututi Dina Rahayuning , Rachmah Qonita , Puspikawati Septa Indra , Wulandari Fatqiatul , Hidayah Susi
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Indonesia is currently facing a very complex health problem. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), for instance, are not only suffered by adolescence or adults, but nowadays, children are also facing the same problem. In children, obesity can be a dangerous risk factor for NCDs later in life. In 2013, the prevalence of overweight and obese children aged 5–12 years in Indonesia reached 18.8%. Meanwhile, in the industrial era 4.0, the development of technology and information is running very rapidly and may affect on food preferences of children, especially sugar, salt, and fat intake on children. Hence, schools play an important role in helping students establish healthy eating behaviors.

AIM: Since nutrition was not a curriculum in elementary school Indonesia and studies related to nutrition education with the intensive methods through online platforms are still limited, this study aims to explore the effectiveness of 8-week nutrition education related to improving knowledge, attitude, practice, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control of children toward limiting sugar, salt, and fat intake on children aged 8–12 years.

METHODS: This is a randomized control trial study by giving nutrition education intervention related to sugar, salt, and fat consumption to schoolchildren. This study targets elementary schoolchildren using a quasi-experiment design with a pre-post test control group design. The study will be conducted online in 3 urban areas (center) in Indonesia, namely: Surabaya, Semarang, and Makassar City. There are 13 elementary schools involved, consisting of 5 schools from Surabaya City, 4 from Semarang City, and 4 from Makassar City. A total of 300 elementary school students aged 8–12 years as well as 26 teachers are joining in this research. This study has the number: U1111-1268-9302 for the Universal Trial Number and approved by Thai Clinical Trial Registry (TCTR) with identification number: TCTR20210824013.
Existence theorems for $ \Psi $-fractional hybrid systems with periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Suwan Iyad ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The Arab American University, P.O.Box 240, 13 Zababdeh, Jenin, Palestine, Abdo Mohammed S. , Abdeljawad Thabet , Matar Mohammed M. , Boutiara Abdellatif , Almalahi Mohammed A. ,   Department of Mathematics, Hodeidah University, Al-Hodeidah, Yemen,   Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan,   Department of Mathematics, Al-Azhar University-Gaza, Gaza, State of Palestine,   Laboratory of Mathematics And Applied Sciences, University of Ghardaia 47000, Algeria,   Department of Mathematics, Hajjah University, Hajjah, Yemen
Published: October 2021

This research paper deals with two novel varieties of boundary value problems for nonlinear hybrid fractional differential equations involving generalized fractional derivatives known as the $ \Psi $-Caputo fractional operators. Such operators are generated by iterating a local integral of a function with respect to another increasing positive function $ \Psi $. The existence results to the proposed systems are obtained by using Dhage's fixed point theorem. Two pertinent examples are provided to confirm the feasibility of the obtained results. Our presented results generate many special cases with respect to different values of a $ \Psi $ function.
Frenet curves in 3-dimensional $ \delta $-Lorentzian trans Sasakian manifolds
Authors: Akgun Muslum Aykut ,   Department of Mathematics, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Adiyaman University, Turkey
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we give some characterizations of Frenet curves in 3-dimensional $ \delta $-Lorentzian trans-Sasakian manifolds. We compute the Frenet equations and Frenet elements of these curves. We also obtain the curvatures of non-geodesic Frenet curves on 3-dimensional $ \delta $-Lorentzian trans-Sasakian manifolds. Finally, we give some results for these curves.
A methylomics-correlated nomogram predicts the recurrence free survival risk of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Xiuxian ,   Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, Ma Xianxiong , Wu Chuanqing
Published: October 2021

Background

Various studies have suggested that the DNA methylation signatures were promising to identify novel hallmarks for predicting prognosis of cancer. However, few studies have explored the capacity of DNA methylation for prognostic prediction in patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). It's very promising to develop a methylomics-related signature for predicting prognosis of KIRC.

Methods

The 282 patients with complete DNA methylation data and corresponding clinical information were selected to construct the prognostic model. The 282 patients were grouped into a training set (70%, n = 198 samples) to determine a prognostic predictor by univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The internal validation set (30%, n = 84) and an external validation set (E-MTAB-3274) were used to validate the predictive value of the predictor by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.

Results

We successfully identified a 9-DNA methylation signature for recurrence free survival (RFS) of KIRC patients. We proved the strong robustness of the 9-DNA methylation signature for predicting RFS through ROC analysis (AUC at 1, 3, 5 years in internal dataset (0.859, 0.840, 0.817, respectively), external validation dataset (0.674, 0.739, 0.793, respectively), entire TCGA dataset (0.834, 0.862, 0.842, respectively)). In addition, a nomogram combining methylation risk score with the conventional clinic-related covariates was constructed to improve the prognostic predicted ability for KIRC patients. The result implied a good performance of the nomogram.

Conclusions

we successfully identified a DNA methylation-associated nomogram, which was helpful in improving the prognostic predictive ability of KIRC patients.
PCa dynamics with neuroendocrine differentiation and distributed delay
Authors: Turner Leo ,   School of Mathematics and Physics - University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3HF, United Kingdom, Burbanks Andrew , Cerasuolo Marianna
Published: October 2021

Prostate cancer is the fifth most common cause of death from cancer, and the second most common diagnosed cancer in men. In the last few years many mathematical models have been proposed to describe the dynamics of prostate cancer under treatment. So far one of the major challenges has been the development of mathematical models that would represent in vivo conditions and therefore be suitable for clinical applications, while being mathematically treatable. In this paper, we take a step in this direction, by proposing a nonlinear distributed-delay dynamical system that explores neuroendocrine transdifferentiation in human prostate cancer in vivo. Sufficient conditions for the existence and the stability of a tumour-present equilibrium are given, and the occurrence of a Hopf bifurcation is proven for a uniform delay distribution. Numerical simulations are provided to explore differences in behaviour for uniform and exponential delay distributions. The results suggest that the choice of the delay distribution is key in defining the dynamics of the system and in determining the conditions for the onset of oscillations following a switch in the stability of the tumour-present equilibrium.
Genetic variation in alcoholism and opioid addiction susceptibility and treatment: a pharmacogenomic approach
Authors: Demery-Poulos Catherine ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Natural and Health Sciences, Manchester University, Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States, Chambers Joseph M.
Published: October 2021

Alcohol and opioid abuse have pervasive and detrimental consequences from the individual to societal level. The extent of genetic contribution to alcoholism has been studied for decades, yielding speculative and often inconsistent results since the previous discovery of two pharmacokinetic variants strongly protective against alcoholism. The neurobiology of addiction involves innumerate genes with combinatorial and epistatic interactions, creating a difficult landscape for concrete conclusions. In contrast, pharmacogenomic variation in the treatment of alcoholism yields more immediate clinical utility, while also emphasizing pathways crucial to the progression of addiction. An improved understanding of genetic predisposition to alcohol abuse has inherent significance for opioid addiction and treatment, as the two drugs induce the same reward pathway. This review outlines current knowledge, treatments, and research regarding genetic predisposition to alcoholism, focusing on pharmacodynamic variation within the dopaminergic system and shared implications for opioid abuse. Multifaceted and highly polygenic, the phenotype of addiction seems to grow more complex as new research extends the scope of its impact on the brain, body, and progeny.
Actium: battle, campaign, turning point
Authors: Lange Carsten Hjort
Published: October 2021

This essay will evaluate different potential ways of approaching Actium: as a battle engaged on 2nd September 31 BCE; a campaign victory; a catalyst for the transition from Republic to Principate; a main “Augustan” turning-point, or, bringing it all together, as an idea and as the foundation myth of the Augustan Principate. However we approach Actium, isolating it to a battle – it was in fact portrayed as a campaign victory, won at Actium, with a postscript at Alexandria – in the end makes little sense when trying to understand the ideology of Augustus. Perhaps our difficulties more than anything show the brilliance of Young Caesar/Augustus when it comes to politics and ideology. There was never, ever, only one narrative. Augustus had to create a system capable both of terminating civil war and reuniting society in the aftermath. In so doing, he instituted a flexible system: in the end, it was paradoxically the very act of making the emergency permanent that helped Augustus to avoid turning the Principate into something permanent.
Les contraintes posées par la tradition à la création de l'image impériale
Authors: Hekster Olivier
Published: October 2021

L’empereur romain est le centre du monde. Une figure aussi centrale devait être instantanément identifiable. Une conséquence de cela, c’est que les empereurs romains furent particulièrement contraints dans la manière dont ils purent se représenter. Dès le début de l’Empire, un répertoire a été forgé dans lequel on a puisé pour figurer les empereurs sur les monuments publics. Par ailleurs, il y eut une stabilité croissante des images à travers lesquelles les empereurs et les diverses catégories de populations dans l’empire purent communiquer. Les types de postures qui étaient figurées furent également tôt standardisées. Le développement de sémiotiques distinctes facilita l’identification de l’empereur, mais a limité leur latitude pour délimiter leur propre image. Dès le début de l’Empire, l’empereur paraît avoir eu trois principaux rôles à assumer : il était le commandant suprême des armées, le prêtre le plus élevé dans la hiérarchie, la source ultime de la loi et de la justice. Ces trois rôles ont été explicitement exprimés à l’intention des habitants de l’empire dès le règne d’Auguste à travers de multiples médias. Cette étude explore les contraintes que ces postures attendues et modalités de figuration posèrent à l’imagerie impériale. Dans quelle mesure les dirigeants romains furent-ils libres de définir dans ce domaine leur propre style ?
Luctatio civitatis: Augustus’ Res Gestae, Tiberius’ accession, and the struggle over Augustus’ legacy
Authors: Rowe Gregory
Published: October 2021

In this paper I revisit the notorious debate in the Roman senate over Tiberius’ accession. The conventional view is that Tiberius began his reign with a refusal of power (recusatio imperii) and that the issue in the accession debate was whether or not Tiberius would rule. In this paper I use Augustus’ Res Gestae to argue that the issue in the debate was not whether Tiberius would rule, but about how : alone or with colleagues ?