bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aproximación a la identificación y caracterización de ríos en roca a escala regional mediante variables topo-geomorfológicas (Galicia, Noroeste de la Península Ibérica)
Authors: García J. Horacio , Pérez-Alberti Augusto
Published: February 2022

Las clasificaciones de ríos son un procedimiento técnico de utilidad para simplificar la realidad y discriminar en tipos con características homogéneas. El ensayo experimental que se presenta, desarrollado sobre la red fluvial de Galicia, tiene el objetivo de combinar Sistemas de Información Geográfica y tres variables geomorfológicas (litología, pendiente y densidad de fracturas) para identificar potenciales tramos de ríos en roca. El método aplicado se estructuró en cuatro etapas secuenciales: (i) inventariado de tramos en roca, (ii) caracterización de los tramos inventariados, (iii) tipificación de la red de drenaje, y (iv) validación del método aplicado. Los resultados obtenidos arrojan una primera cartografía de probabilidad de presencia de ríos en roca para más de 30.000 km de cauces. Un 37% de la red tiene una probabilidad alta de ser río en roca y un 21% una probabilidad baja o nula. El 42% restante se mueve en una probabilidad media. Conocer la distribución espacial de este tipo de ríos debería ser de utilidad para los organismos de cuenca y el establecimiento de protocolos de actuación que consideren, primero, las características de los ríos en roca en la gestión de las masas de agua por su singularidad y repercusión en la dinámica del río, y, segundo, el florecimiento de figuras de protección basadas en la geodiversidad.
Disputas vecinales y métodos alternativos de resolución de conflicto durante el primer estado de alarma por COVID-19 en el Área Metropolitana de Barcelona
Authors: Boyer Escudero Patricia
Published: February 2022

Este artículo sitúa el foco de interés en los conflictos vecinales durante la crisis de la COVID-19, especialmente durante el periodo de confinamiento total llevado a cabo entre los meses de marzo y abril de 2020 y centrado en los municipios del Área Metropolitana de Barcelona. Los objetivos de la investigación tienen dos grandes pilares: por un lado, conocer el estado de las relaciones vecinales y el conocimiento por parte de la ciudadanía de los servicios de mediación y los especializados en comunidades de vecinos y, por otro, analizar cómo desde la Administración pública se ha trabajado para ayudar a resolverlos a través de dichos servicios dedicados a ello.

Para llevarlo a cabo, se ha realizado una investigación de naturaleza mixta, cuantitativa y cualitativa, con dos encuestas, una ciudadana y otra dirigida a los profesionales especializados en la resolución alternativa de conflictos. Dos de estos últimos profesionales también han sido entrevistados en profundidad.

Los resultados han confirmado un aumento de los conflictos vecinales, especialmente aquellos relacionados con los ruidos. También se ha constatado el cambio del tratamiento y atención al ciudadano por parte de los servicios públicos pertinentes, al verse forzados a utilizar el ámbito telemático para abordarlos, una práctica sin precedentes hasta el momento. Se ha concluido, asimismo, que los profesionales de este ámbito consideran que los medios telemáticos no son su primera preferencia, aunque admiten que deberán adaptarse a la nueva normalidad provocada por la pandemia.

En conclusión, se determina que, si los servicios públicos de resolución alternativa de conflicto deben adaptarse al contexto digital, la Administración pública deberá dotarlos de más recursos, así como darles más difusión con el fin de garantizar a toda la ciudadanía un acceso a la justicia.
Body Adiposity is Associated With a Risk of High Blood Pressure in Macedonian Children
Authors: Stankovska Zorica , Bojadzieva Stojanoska Biljana , Gontarev Seryozha , Kostovski Žarko
Published: February 2022

The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), adiposity index (API) and high blood pressure (HBP) and to determine which anthropometric parameters can best predict HBP in Macedonian children from 6 to 10 years of age. The research was conducted on a sample of 1228 boys and girls from 6 to 10 years of age. Blood pressure was measured three times in an interval of 60 seconds, and the mean value of the three measurements was used as a result for processing. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the associations and to calculate odds ratios. Adjusted odds ratios in the highest quartiles of WC, BMI, BFP and WHtR were statistically significant in boys (girls): hypertension – 5.19 (6.38), 3.16 (3.76), 4.39 (4.48), and 3.95 (4.84). In Macedonian children from 6 to 10 years of age, the anthropometric indices - WC and API (particularly WC) - showed stronger associations with HBP and were better at predicting HBP, compared to the other applied anthropometric indices.
Correlation Aspects of Strategic Orientations of Internal Marketing of Primary Health Care Institutions
Authors: Sredojević Vanja , Landika Mirjana , Mihajlović Branislav
Published: February 2022

The business efficiency of a service company/institutions is based on recognition and appreciation of user requirements and expectations, as well as reviewing of the user perception of the of offered and provided services at the level of primary health care. Customer expectations in mentioned field regard not only to direct users but also it affects the large number of individuals who are in family and/or emotional relationship with the users. Services from observed domain determine the quality of life of almost all member of the community. Verification of user perception of service quality at the level of primary health care, gives opportunity for harmonization of the working code with user requests and expectations. Examining the degree and direction of quantitative agreement of variations of observed phenomena enables the correction of procedures and additional education of employees, which achieves the adaptation of the primary health care system with user expectations and requirements.. A research approach based on the empirical examination of respondents attitudes, aims to formulate adequate internal marketing strategies on the task of aligning system solutions based on correlation analysis. Modeled menagements solutions have the potential of scientific answer to real problem and to facilitate primary care system providers to reduce the gap between users expectations and the quality of service delivered. The above is effectively achieved by understanding and appreciating the real factors regarding a coordinated approach to users, resulting from a correlative analysis of user observations and expectations, and comparisons of user satisfaction with the form of health care.
Improvement of Repeated Sprint Ability for a male amateur football team through the Cometti concatenations method
Authors: D’Elia Francesca , Esposito Giovanni , Aliberti Sara , D’Isanto Tiziana , Raiola Gaetano
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to examine the improvement of the Repeat Sprints Ability (RSA), during a competitive season in amateur football players (Italian 4th Division, 2019-2020) through the use of the Cometti concatenations method. Twenty (n=20) amateur footballers, participated in this study (age: 23 ± 0.3; height: 184.4±5.5; body weight: 80.92±3.4; training experience: 8 ± 0.3 yrs), without goalkeepers. In the pre-season (4 weeks, from July to August), the players performed Capanna test, to evaluate the RSA before the start of the season. Every player has been analysed with a K-GPS Live device 50Hz (K-Sport Universal STATS, Italy). After 12 weeks of training (in-season), based on specific workouts of Cometti method, the same players repeated Capanna test to check performance improvements and verify whether the training programme is effective. After 12 weeks of training, the difference between the first trial (pre-season) and the second one (in-season) is statistically significant (p0.05). The results obtained, suggested that the strength work was optimized as well as work times, and the RSA was improved. In addition, thanks to better physical shape, which resulted in better performances of individual players, the team in the last period of the championship achieved more positive results in the matches played.
Students ‘Habits and Attitudes Towards the Contents of Sports Recreation
Authors: Alić Džafer , Novaković Rijad , Đedović Damir
Published: February 2022

Insufficient physical activity is the fourth leading risk factor for mortality. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2012), people who are insufficiently physically active have a 20% to 30% increased risk of all-cause mortality compared to those who engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each day. Previous research has confirmed that regular physical activity and well-organized leisure time improves human health and affects the prevention of a number of diseases. The purpose of this paper was to show the habits and attitudes towards the contents of sports recreation through a survey conducted on a sample of students from the University “Džemal Bijedić” in Mostar. 331 students participated in the survey. Of the total number of respondents, 81% are active as athletes and recreational athletes. It is important to emphasize that out of the total number of respondents, 27.8% decide for activities in gyms and exercises on devices.
Interiority of Agraharam: Traditional Houses in Temple Towns of India
Authors: Singal Manan
Published: February 2022

The article aims to provide a multisensory reading within the multiple scales of spaces in the traditional settlement of agraharam. This multisensory reading generates layers of interiority that exist across temples, streets, and houses. Agraharam is the traditional house of the Brahmin (priest) community found in temple towns of South India. This house responds to religious beliefs, tradition, and local climatic conditions and displays a balance of sensory experiences which enrich the overall living experience. In this article, interiority is referred to as the characteristic of being ‘inward,’ where memories and practices of a specific community are associated with the spaces. It explores one's experiences of the various scales (the town, the street, and the house) of spaces through copious physical and sensory experiences, using Pallasmaa’s description of the phenomenological approach to identify the multisensory experience of the human body in space.
AESTHETIC DIMENSIONS OF OLA ROTIMI’S THEATRE
Authors: Ejeke Odiri Solomon
Published: February 2022

The study examines Ola Rotimi’s Theatre from both the literary and theatrical perspectives. The study contends that Ola Rotimi created/developed simplicity of style both in his playwriting and in theatre practice. The study also notes that Rotimi has created the drama and theatre of lasting quality through his knowledge of the culture and tradition of his people and his copious deployment of Para-linguistic aesthetics in his plays. Rotimi anchores all these on his knowledge of world theatre in his practice, thus creating the phenomenon of total theatre. The study concludes that the laws of the theatre are provisional and subject to change, derived from creativity and not from theory.KEYWORDS: Ola Rotimi, Aesthetic Dimensions, African Theatre, Playwriting, Para-linguistic aesthetics, Theatre Practice
A DISCOURSE ON THE ORIGIN AND MIGRATION OF THE ABOH OF THE LOWER NIGER OF NIGERIA
Authors: Opone Paul O.
Published: February 2022

This study focuses on the origin and migration of the Aboh of the lower Niger. This is an area of African scholarship that has generated much controversy because it greatly determines group identities in their present locations. This is even more so with the Aboh whose history is characterized by multiple claims of origins which have so far denied them a pan identity. The aim of this study is, therefore, to address the contentious issues in their origin and migration, thereby opening up new vistas of historical scholarship. Sources collected for this study were both primary and secondary. The primary sources are made up of intelligence reports collected from the National Archives, and personal interviews with knowledgeable individuals on the subject. The secondary sources are library-based where relevant materials on the subject were consulted. The study deployed the historical method of analysis to address the subject. It argues that the dominant narrative of Aboh origin does not reflect the reality on ground, but constructed for political purposes. The conclusion suggests how best Aboh origin should be understood with the evidence provided by this study.KEYWORDS: Origin, Migration, Aboh, Lower Niger, Nigeria
SECURITY MANAGEMENT OF THE POLDA METRO JAYA COMMAND HEADQUARTERS IN ANTICIPATING DEMO ANARCHIST
Authors: Napitupulu Rumangga Putratama , Basir S Basir S , Suryadi Suryadi
Published: February 2022

This study discusses the process of tactical security efforts at Polda Metro Jaya Command Headquarters which focus on security, analysis of constraints and impacts faced in implementing physical security management at Polda Metro Jaya Command Headquarters in anticipation of anarchic demonstrations. This research was conducted using qualitative methods and using the Theory of Security Management Theory of Physical Security. This study found that the Police's efforts in securing the implementation of physical security management at Polda Metro Jaya Command Headquarters are still not optimal. The government needs to make improvements and additions in the form of a security management process through the integration of elements of planning, organization, implementation as well as supervision and control. First, the implementation of physical security management at the Polda Metro Jaya Command Headquarters currently includes a security management process, a physical security process and a tactical security process. The security management process consists of elements of planning, organizing, executing and supervising and controlling. Meanwhile, the physical security process consists of security personnel, access control, fences, locks, lighting and guard posts. Constraints in the security management process include the lack of maximal some elements in the security management process. Meanwhile, the constraints in the physical security process are in the form of a lack of proper functioning of the existing physical security components and the absence of several other physical security components at this time. The third effort to safeguard the implementation of physical security management at the Polda Metro Jaya Command Headquarters is expected, in the form of improvements and additions. Meanwhile, the improvement of several physical security components currently consists of security officers, access control, fences, locks, lighting and guard posts. Meanwhile, the addition of several physical security components currently consists of barriers, CCTV and communication devices.KEYWORDS: Security Management, Polda Metro Jaya Headquarters, Anarchist Demo Background
THE CONSTRUCT OF FEMININITY OF THE FEMALE'S MAIN CHARACTER IN THE THAILAND MOVIE "THE TEACHER'S DIARY"
Authors: Febriand Fandra
Published: February 2022

This article discusses the construct of femininity in the Thai film "The Teacher's Diary" (2014) through an analysis of the main female character. The film is a romantic-comedy genre directed by Nithiwat Tharathorn which tells the story of two teachers who both teach at the same floating school, however each teaching at different periods of time. Through a diary written by Ann (a female teacher) who first taught at the school, Song (a male teacher) learns a lot about how to deal with the face of the unideal teaching conditions in a floating school. Using gender concepts, namely femininity and masculinity as social constructions from Oakley and Gender Stereotype Characteristics from Kite, this paper argues that although it does not completely break away from gender stereotypes, Ann's femininity also shows masculinity in herself. The construction of Ann's femininity as a single Thai woman is also not completely against the patriarchal system. However, Ann's character offers a different perspective on how to be a single Thai woman.KEYWORDS: femininity, Thai drama films, gender stereotypes
THE ŚHIVA-BUDDHIST CONCEPT IN THE TEMPLE OF SINGHASARI-MAJAPAHIT PERIODS
Authors: Wahyudi Deny Yudo , Munandar Agus Aris , Setyani Turita Indah
Published: February 2022

Religious tolerance, which is now starting to fade, has grown since the past. The Śhiva and Buddhist religious coalition from the Singhasari era to Majapahit might represent its religious tolerance. Several temples, consisting of Jawi, Jago, Panataran and Jabung, seem to reflect the concept of Śhiva-Buddhist. Its Śhiva-Buddhist characteristics could be referred from the textual information, its architecture, and its relief. This study used the analytical method and a historical-archaeology approach. The descriptions of these elements were identified and analyzed to strengthen the opinion of the Śhiva-Buddhist coalition. This study found that the Śhiva-Buddhist concept, as reflected in the Jawi, Jago, Panataran and Jabung temples, emphasizes the phenomenon of the coalition of the two religions during the Singhasari-Majapahit period.KEYWORDS: Śhiva-Buddhist, coalition, temple, Singhasari, Majapahit
REFINING THE NATIONALISM: CLASSICAL “VERSUS” CONTEMPORARY NATIONALISM
Authors: ZulQarnain Lalu
Published: February 2022

The resurgence of nationalism in the shape of neo-nationalism and right-wing political parties in Europe and the United States at the end of the twentieth century, followed by similar tendencies in other parts of the world, raises the question of why nationalism is regaining favor again. According to classical nationalism viewpoint, the nationalism term is used to conceptualize the nation-state as the modern state formation that emerged since the 18th century. Though it retains the same ambiguity as classical nationalism, the rise of neo-nationalism in contemporary politics is intriguing and increases interest in studying nationalism, which fails to distinguish between state-nationalism (statist nationalism) and cultural-nationalism (cultural nationalism), each with its own vision and ideals It is also necessary to define the differences between the two types of nationalism, including the debates over Geerzt and Sidel about the future of nationalism in post-colonial countries.KEYWORDS: Nationalism, nation-state, contemporary culture, Indonesia
THE IMPACT OF BLACK FEMALE INFLUENCERS ON TRANSNATIONAL KOREAN BEAUTY: A CASE STUDY OF TWO BLACK BEAUTY VLOGGERS
Authors: Audy S. Aldilla , Hapsarani Dhita
Published: February 2022

The trend of Korean beauty has started to gain attention from international countries as the phenomenon of Korean wave a.k.a. hallyu has spread globally. The concept of Korean beauty itself is known to be highly associated with having fair skin. Nevertheless, the popularity of Korean skin care products and cosmetics has drawn not only fair skin women, but also women with dark skin. Although their dark skin colour does not fit the concept of K-beauty, they devotedly follow the trend. Two of them are YouTube black female influencers, Darcei Amanda and Kennie JD, who like to create contents related to Korean beauty. Their contents on Korean make up look and fashion style has influenced Korean beauty industry to become aware of the demand and needs of dark-skinned women. Some scholars have addressed the influence of hallyu on cultural hybrization. Woongjae Ryo (2009) Korean wave is an indication of the new global and local transformation. Agustina and Lukman (2017) mainly discusses the hybrid cultures developed by Indonesian beauty vloggers who persistently use halal-certified Indonesian cosmetics to acquire the Korean look. Jin and Yoon (2016) social media platforms and fans' interactions have increased the spread of Korean wave. beauty influencers, Charlotte (2017) discovered about the influence of beauty vloggers on consumer-buying intention. Hence, this paper aims at exploring how these female vloggers use their platform to give impact on the phenomenon of Korean beauty. The research findings revealed that these black beauty vloggers managed to influence the Korean beauty industry to be more inclusive.KEYWORDS: Korean beauty, local concept, inclusivity, black influencer, YouTube
MUHAMMADIYAH AND THEIR PROTECTION ON FORMER PKI IN YOGYAKARTA'S PALACE (1965-1970)
Authors: R. Erik Muhammad , Abdurakhman Abdurakhman
Published: February 2022

This article intends to explain Muhammadiyah's efforts to protect the former PKI involved in the 1965 incident in Yogyakarta. Previously, the socio-religious organization was known to have protected PKI sympathizers and members who survived military operations. After the arrests took place, the atmosphere in Yogyakarta was very worrying, especially the large number of neglected children, and discrimination often arose which could create divisions among the community. Meanwhile, in the midst of this stressful situation, Muhammadiyah is here to play a role in solving this phenomenon in a relatively new way and has not been carried out by any socio-religious organization. The problem raised from the research is why Muhammadiyah took the initiative to protect former PKI involvement in the west of the Yogyakarta Palace. Whereas before the incident of 65', Muhammadiyah was often involved in confrontations with the PKI. This research uses a historical methodology with an anthropological approach to Michel Foucalt's theory of power. The aim is to find out the process of Muhammadiyah social movement in the period 1965-1970 in Yogyakarta. While the novelty of this research is knowing the Muhammadiyah movement to resolve the post-G30S/PKI riots by using various efforts; (Amar Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar practice), (Religious development and re-Islamization), (Recruiting former PKI in religious activities), and through (Muhammadiyah educational institutions).KEYWORDS: Muhammadiyah, PKI, G30S, Keraton, Yogyakarta
ORALITY AND HEALING IN THE STAND-UP COMEDY PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED NIGER DELTA COMEDIANS
Authors: ROY-OMONI Alex
Published: February 2022

Stand-up comedy is a sub-genre of oral literature or orality. It involves a comedian standing in front of an audience to crack jokes and tell funny stories in order to make people laugh. It is also a therapeutic tool used to heal wounds through humour and comedy and this eventually leads to mental balance, happiness, peace and tranquility among the people. In line with the above, this paper attempts to explicate the various ways selected Niger Delta stand-up comedians have achieved this therapeutic or healing function among the people of that region. It also studies the psychological effects this brand of comedy has on the audience especially Niger Deltans of Nigeria. The selected stand-up comedians used in this study include I Go Dye, Gordons and Liki Liki Mouth. It is discovered that in relation to the basic functions of the arts generally and literature in particular, the selected Niger Delta stand-up comedians have, in no small measure, contributed their quota in bringing peace, harmony and a stable mental health to the people of the region.KEYWORDS: Orality, Stand-up Comedy, Niger-Delta, Healing, Performance
EXPLORATION OF MOTIF ABOUT MIRACLE MARRIAGES IN INDONESIAN AND MALAYSIAN FOLKTALES
Authors: Meilin Long
Published: February 2022

Among the wide range of subjects in Southeast Asia folktales, there are a number of stories that share the motif of "miracle marriages"(marriages between human and non-human lifeforms). As the tiniest plot in narrative literature, motifs can grow into texts. This study uses qualitative research methods, taking Indonesian and Malaysian folktales as examples, studying the logic of folktales which is based on the motif of "miracle marriage". And the logic is, most of the human characters in the stories are ordinary laborers or royalty who are stuck in predicament. The non-human character is a creature that transforms from animal to human, or an angel from heaven. In the stories of the male side as a non-human being, the male creature appears as an ugly figure. After being loved by a nice and beautiful woman (civilian or princess), he will be released from the curse and become a handsome man. In folktales that the female is non-human beings, generally, the female characters come from heaven, they voluntarily or are forced to marry men who work as hunters or farmers, and finally achieve the ending in which the wife is mandatorily recalled by heaven, or the human husband breaks his promise, which leads to the partners being apart, or the happy ending of a family reunion after a hard time struggle.KEYWORDS: Motif, Miracle Marriage, Folktales
THE WORK ALIENATION PHENOMENON AND PROLETARIAT KKANGPAE IN FILM PIETA
Authors: Rasaski Kiara Citra , Latifah Eva
Published: February 2022

Film director and controversial screenwriter Kim Ki Duk has a unique way of executing his ideas. In producing his works, Kim Ki Duk often uses social phenomena and does not refrain from social criticism. Through the critically acclaimed Pieta (2012), Kim Ki Duk illustrates the social phenomena taking place amidst the South Korean proletariat, portraying the effects of capitalism. Through this research, it attempts to present the related social phenomena depicted in Pieta under the lens of Marxist Sociology of Literature. A qualitative-descriptive method is applied, specifically through the sampling of several scenes relevant to the topic, then analyzed further. The research eventually carries the conclusion that Pieta presents two existing phenomena within the South Korean proletariat: work alienation and kkangpae. Accordingly, this research concludes that the two phenomena are correlated, being the receiving end of a domino effect caused by the existing capitalist system, now on a global scale.KEYWORDS: Capitalism; Marxism; Sociology of Literature; Work Alienation; Kkangpae; Korean Film Studies
THE DIALECTICS OF BATA DANCE AND ITS SOCIO-ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE IN NIGERIA
Authors: A. Jacob Oluwafemi
Published: February 2022

Dance in Africa, specifically from Nigeria, has over the years made tremendous impact in such areas like propagation of culture, projection of unity in diversity and promotion of the idea of National identity. With the global rejuvenation and economic diversity, dance has provided an enabling environment and concrete platforms for its practitioners to explore the potentials embedded in the packaging and production of dance performances, thereby serving as a vital tool for economic stability. Despite its relegation to the background as a mere form of entertainment, African dance has provided immense benefits to practitioners. Through the adoption of Performance Aesthetics theory of Dance and Participant Observation method of research, this paper carries out a dialectical engagement of the roles of dance in general perspective, with a close reference to the Bata dance of the Yoruba, for the purpose of identifying the various dimensions by which the dance has helped in projecting both the Yoruba ethnic and the Nigerian National identities. Findings reveal that Bata Dance performance has grown beyond its Yoruba ethnic enclave to becoming a global brand that is studied by non-Africans and the Africans in Diaspora therefore creating a viable socio-economic platform and global acceptance for the dance and its practitioners.KEYWORDS: Bata, Dance, Yoruba, Sango, Aesthetics
Mapping dopaminergic projections in the human brain with resting-state fMRI
Authors: Oldehinkel Marianne , Llera Alberto , Faber Myrthe , Huertas Ismael , Buitelaar Jan K , Bloem Bastiaan R , Marquand Andre F , Helmich Rick C , Haak Koen V , Beckmann Christian F
Published: February 2022

The striatum receives dense dopaminergic projections, making it a key region of the dopaminergic system. Its dysfunction has been implicated in various conditions including Parkinson’s disease (PD) and substance use disorder. However, the investigation of dopamine-specific functioning in humans is problematic as current MRI approaches are unable to differentiate between dopaminergic and other projections. Here, we demonstrate that ‘connectopic mapping’ – a novel approach for characterizing fine-grained, overlapping modes of functional connectivity – can be used to map dopaminergic projections in striatum. We applied connectopic mapping to resting-state functional MRI data of the Human Connectome Project (population cohort; N = 839) and selected the second-order striatal connectivity mode for further analyses. We first validated its specificity to dopaminergic projections by demonstrating a high spatial correlation (r = 0.884) with dopamine transporter availability – a marker of dopaminergic projections – derived from DaT SPECT scans of 209 healthy controls. Next, we obtained the subject-specific second-order modes from 20 controls and 39 PD patients scanned under placebo and under dopamine replacement therapy (L-DOPA), and show that our proposed dopaminergic marker tracks PD diagnosis, symptom severity, and sensitivity to L-DOPA. Finally, across 30 daily alcohol users and 38 daily smokers, we establish strong associations with self-reported alcohol and nicotine use. Our findings provide evidence that the second-order mode of functional connectivity in striatum maps onto dopaminergic projections, tracks inter-individual differences in PD symptom severity and L-DOPA sensitivity, and exhibits strong associations with levels of nicotine and alcohol use, thereby offering a new biomarker for dopamine-related (dys)function in the human brain.
Zinc finger protein Zfp335 controls early T-cell development and survival through β-selection-dependent and -independent mechanisms
Authors: Wang Xin , Jiao Anjun , Sun Lina , Li Wenhua , Yang Biao , Su Yanhong , Ding Renyi , Zhang Cangang , Liu Haiyan , Yang Xiaofeng , Sun Chenming , Zhang Baojun
Published: February 2022

T-cell development in the thymus undergoes the process of differentiation, selective proliferation, and survival from CD4−CD8−double negative (DN) stage to CD4+CD8+double positive (DP) stage prior to the formation of CD4+helper and CD8+cytolytic T cells ready for circulation. Each developmental stage is tightly regulated by sequentially operating molecular networks, of which only limited numbers of transcription regulators have been deciphered. Here, we identified Zfp335 transcription factor as a new player in the regulatory network controlling thymocyte development in mice. We demonstrate thatZfp335intrinsically controls DN to DP transition, as T-cell-specific deficiency inZfp335leads to a substantial accumulation of DN3 along with reduction of DP, CD4+, and CD8+thymocytes. This developmental blockade at DN stage results from the impaired intracellular TCRβ (iTCRβ) expression as well as increased susceptibility to apoptosis in thymocytes. Transcriptomic and ChIP-seq analyses revealed a direct regulation of transcription factorsBcl6andRorcby Zfp335. Importantly, enhanced expression of TCRβ andBcl6/Rorcrestores the developmental defect during DN3 to DN4 transition and improves thymocytes survival, respectively. These findings identify a critical role ofZfp335in controlling T-cell development by maintaining iTCRβ expression-mediated β-selection and independently activating cell survival signaling.
Functional mechanism of hsa-miR-128-3p in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of pancreatic cancer cells via ZEB1 regulation
Authors: Zheng Tianying , Han Wenfei , Wang Aijun , Wang Yonggang
Published: February 2022

Pancreatic cancer (PC) often correlates with high mortality due to late diagnosis, rapid metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. miR-128-3p has been validated as a tumor suppressor in PC. This study explored the functional mechanism of miR-128-3p in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of PC cells. Four PC cancer cell lines with different degrees of malignancy and normal pancreatic cells were selected to detect expressions of hsa-miR-128-3p and ZEB1 by RT-qPCR and Western blot. miR-128-3p mimic or si-ZEB1 was delivered into PANC-1 cells and miR-128-3p inhibitor or oe-ZEB1 was delivered into AsPC-1 cells. Expressions of epithelial and mesenchymal markers were analyzed by Western blot and cell fluorescence staining. The binding relationship between miR-128-3p and ZEB1 was examined by bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase assay, and verified by RT-qPCR and Western blot. PC cell invasion and migration were assessed by Transwell assays. Generally, hsa-miR-128-3p was poorly-expressed in PC cells. However, it was relatively more expressed in AsPC-1 cells with epithelial phenotypes relative to PANC-1 cells with mesenchymal phenotype, whereas ZEB1 expression showed opposite tendencies. PANC-1 cells transfected with miR-128-3p mimic or si-ZEB1 showed upregulated E-cadherin and downregulated N-cadherin, and transformed from mesenchymal phenotypes to epithelial phenotypes, with decreased invasion and migration, while opposite results occurred in AsPC-1 cells transfected with miR-128-3p inhibitor or oe-ZEB1. miR-128-3p targeted ZEB1. oe-ZEB1 antagonized the inhibition of miR-128-3p mimic on PANC-1 cell EMT, invasion, and migration, while si-ZEB1 reversed the facilitation of miR-128-3p inhibitor in AsPC-1 cells. In conclusion, miR-128-3p inhibited PC cell EMT, invasion, and migration by targeting ZEB1.
Современная кристаллография в науках о Земле, "Природа"
Authors: Пущаровский Д.Ю.
Published: February 2022

Кристаллография, рожденная в XVII в. на стыке минералогии и математики, в дальнейшем стала рассматриваться как наука, более близкая к физике, химии, биологии и даже к медицине. В статье на конкретных примерах показана важная роль самых современных кристаллографических методов и результатов исследований в изучении состава и строения Земли и других планет.
КОСМИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ИНСТИТУТЕ АСТРОНОМИИ РАН, "Земля и Вселенная"
Authors: Сачков М.Е. , Шустов Б.М. , Сичевский С.Г.
Published: February 2022

Институт астрономии Российской академии наук (ИНАСАН) является одним из ведущих научных институтов России. Важным направлением исследований ИНАСАН, его «визитной карточкой» являются фундаментальные космические исследования. Институт занимается разработкой средств космического базирования для наблюдений астрономических объектов. В статье кратко рассказывается об этих проектах: крупной многоцелевой космической обсерватории «Спектр-УФ» для наблюдений в ультрафиолетовом диапазоне, а также поисковых космических средствах наблюдения астрономических объектов как в дальнем, так и в ближнем космосе.
УНИВЕРСИТЕТЫ БУДУЩЕГО: МСИТК – ОНТОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ, "Энергия: экономика, техника, экология"
Authors: Гордин М.В. , Онищенко Д.О.
Published: February 2022

В последнее время к объективным предпосылкам, оказывающим влияние на ограничение роста генерации энергии, были добавлены различные дополнительные критерии: ограничение генерации углекислого газа (парижские соглашения), современные нормы на токсичность отработавших газов ДВС и т.д. При этом под благовидным предлогом борьбы за снижение вредного воздействия технотронного фактора на окружающую среду предлагаются ограничения, которые приводят к необходимости радикально менять развитие транспортной и стационарной энергетики. Сложностью развития методологии в соответствующих направлениях оказываются темпы сменяемости технологий, ограничивающие систему подготовки кадров. Есть примеры, когда абитуриент поступает в ведущий вуз на перспективное направление подготовки и через 5–6 лет, на момент завершения обучения, оказывается невостребованным. Очевидно, именно высшая школа сегодня должна стать центром инжиниринга знаний и создания онтологических моделей будущего. Что сделано и что ещё предстоит, – об этом статья. * МСИТК – Межвузовская студенческая инженерно-технологическая корпорация.
Radially Porous Nanocomposite Scaffolds with Enhanced Capability for Guiding Bone Regeneration In Vivo
Authors: Jiang Si‐Jing , Wang Mo‐Han , Wang Ze‐Yu , Gao Huai‐Ling , Chen Si‐Ming , Cong Yun‐Hong , Yang Lu , Wen Shao‐Meng , Cheng Dong‐Dong , He Jia‐Cai , Yu Shu‐Hong
Published: February 2022

An ideal bone repair scaffold is expected to possess superior architectural characteristics to facilitate the adhesion, proliferation, and migration of bone‐repair‐related cells, while excluding nonosteogenic cells and fibrous tissues from interfering with normal bone regeneration. Unfortunately, such scaffold material has rarely been reported. Herein, nanocomposite scaffolds with a radially ordered porous structure are presented, manufactured using a modified directional freeze‐casting method, and are promising bone defect repair materials to satisfy this requirement. The prepared nanocomposite scaffolds consist of a natural bio‐macromolecule, chitosan, and bioactive hydroxyapatite nanoparticles derived from porcine cortical bone, demonstrating favorable biocompatibility and biological functions. Both in vitro cell studies and in vivo animal studies reveal the great superiority of the radially oriented porous structure of the scaffolds in guiding bone regeneration, while simultaneously preventing the invasion of surrounding nonosteogenic cells and fibrous tissue, compared to the axially oriented porous structure. This work indicates the distinctive potential of radially oriented porous scaffolds for repairing tabular and lacunar bone defects.
An Advanced High‐Entropy Fluorophosphate Cathode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries with Increased Working Voltage and Energy Density
Authors: Gu Zhen‐Yi , Guo Jin‐Zhi , Cao Jun‐Ming , Wang Xiao‐Tong , Zhao Xin‐Xin , Zheng Xue‐Ying , Li Wen‐Hao , Sun Zhong‐Hui , Liang Hao‐Jie , Wu Xing‐Long
Published: February 2022

Impossible voltage plateau regulation for the cathode materials with fixed active elemental center is a pressing issue hindering the development of Na‐superionic‐conductor (NASICON)‐type Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (NVPF) cathodes in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, a high‐entropy substitution strategy, to alter the detailed crystal structure of NVPF without changing the central active V atom, is pioneeringly utilized, achieving simultaneous electronic conductivity enhancement and diffusion barrier reduction for Na+, according to theoretical calculations. The as‐prepared carbon‐free high‐entropy Na3V1.9(Ca,Mg,Al,Cr,Mn)0.1(PO4)2F3 (HE‐NVPF) cathode can deliver higher mean voltage of 3.81 V and more advantageous energy density up to 445.5 Wh kg−1, which is attributed by the diverse transition‐metal elemental substitution in high‐entropy crystalline. More importantly, high‐entropy introduction can help realize disordered rearrangement of Na+ at Na(2) active sites, thereby to refrain from unfavorable discharging behaviors at low‐voltage region, further lifting up the mean working voltage to realize a full Na‐ion storage at the high voltage plateau. Coupling with a hard carbon (HC) anode, HE‐NVPF//HC SIB full cells can deliver high specific energy density of 326.8 Wh kg−1 at 5 C with the power density of 2178.9 W kg−1. This route means the unlikely potential regulation in NASICON‐type crystal with unchangeable active center becomes possible, inspiring new ideas on elevating the mean working voltage for SIB cathodes.
3‐D Nanofabrication of Silicon and Nanostructure Fine‐Tuning via Helium Ion Implantation
Authors: Wen Xiaolei , Mao Renwei , Hu Huan
Published: February 2022

Despite the continued scaling down of semiconductor manufacturing, traditional lithography‐based nanofabrication only produces thin film structures, not 3‐D shapes. 3‐D nanofabrication remains a major challenge, especially for semiconductor materials. Most 3‐D nanofabrication techniques, such as two‐photon printing and stereolithography, mostly work for polymer materials, not solid‐state semiconductor materials. Here, a method capable of fabricating sophisticated 3‐D nanostructures of silicon based on the subsurface swelling phenomenon using focused helium ion swelling is reported. Silicon nanosphere arrays, hierarchical nanospheres mimicking compound lenses, nano‐Taichi symbols, three‐layer nanotowers, and nanopumpkins have been demonstrated, which are challenging for existing nanofabrication technology. The produced silicon nanostructures exhibit super small surface roughness as small as 0.1 nm, two orders of magnitude better than existing 3‐D nanofabrication technologies normally above 10 nm. The super small surface roughness opens doors for many exciting applications in photonics, indicating small photon losses. Moreover, it is demonstrated ultraprecise fine‐tuning of critical dimensions of ready‐made nanostructures or nanodevices, such as tuning the tilting angle of the tip on the atomic force microscopy probe and reducing the nanogap between two metal electrodes from 200 to 4 nm, which is promising for improving nanodevice performances by tuning the critical dimensions to desired ranges.
Superior p‐Type Surface Doping of Cubic Boron Nitride via MoO3 Adsorption
Authors: Liu Yaning , Zhang Qiuxia , Zhang Xin , Gao Nan , Li Hongdong
Published: February 2022

Cubic boron nitride (c‐BN) is a potential candidate material for electronic and optoelectronic devices under extreme conditions, while the difficulty in conventional doping severely hinders its applications. Herein, by first‐principles calculation, an efficient p‐type doping on the c‐BN surface (areal hole density of 8.82 × 1013 cm−2 and hole mobility of 826 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature) is realized by the surface charge transfer mechanism with the MoO3 molecule having a high electron affinity as the dopant. The MoO3 molecule draws electrons from the c‐BN, making the hole accumulation on the c‐BN surface. The areal hole density of c‐BN enhances with the increase of MoO3 molecule density and reaches the maximum (1.24 × 1014 cm−2) with MoO3 monolayer adsorption. The optical absorption coefficient significantly increases in the infrared and visible regions. The superior p‐type doping for c‐BN is also achieved by adsorbing transistor metal oxides with the high electron affinity values (such as ReO3, CrO3, WO3, and V2O5). This study opens a novel avenue for promoting c‐BN applied in optoelectronic devices.
Understanding the Role of Order in Y‐Series Non‐Fullerene Solar Cells to Realize High Open‐Circuit Voltages
Authors: Perdigón‐Toro Lorena , Phuong Le Quang , Eller Fabian , Freychet Guillaume , Saglamkaya Elifnaz , Khan Jafar I. , Wei Qingya , Zeiske Stefan , Kroh Daniel , Wedler Stefan , Köhler Anna , Armin Ardalan , Laquai Frédéric , Herzig Eva M. , Zou Yingping , Shoaee Safa , Neher Dieter
Published: February 2022

Non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) as used in state‐of‐the‐art organic solar cells feature highly crystalline layers that go along with low energetic disorder. Here, the crucial role of energetic disorder in blends of the donor polymer PM6 with two Y‐series NFAs, Y6, and N4 is studied. By performing temperature‐dependent charge transport and recombination studies, a consistent picture of the shape of the density of state distributions for free charges in the two blends is developed, allowing an analytical description of the dependence of the open‐circuit voltage VOC on temperature and illumination intensity. Disorder is found to influence the value of the VOC at room temperature, but also its progression with temperature. Here, the PM6:Y6 blend benefits substantially from its narrower state distributions. The analysis also shows that the energy of the equilibrated free charge population is well below the energy of the NFA singlet excitons for both blends and possibly below the energy of the populated charge transfer manifold, indicating a down‐hill driving force for free charge formation. It is concluded that energetic disorder of charge‐separated states has to be considered in the analysis of the photovoltaic properties, even for the more ordered PM6:Y6 blend.
Alzheimer's‐like signaling in brains of COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Reiken Steve , Sittenfeld Leah , Dridi Haikel , Liu Yang , Liu Xiaoping , Marks Andrew R.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The mechanisms that lead to cognitive impairment associated with COVID‐19 are not well understood.

Methods

Brain lysates from control and COVID‐19 patients were analyzed for oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling pathway markers, and measurements of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)‐linked signaling biochemistry. Post‐translational modifications of the ryanodine receptor/calcium (Ca2+) release channels (RyR) on the endoplasmic reticuli (ER), known to be linked to AD, were also measured by co‐immunoprecipitation/immunoblotting of the brain lysates.

Results

We provide evidence linking SARS‐CoV‐2 infection to activation of TGF‐β signaling and oxidative overload. The neuropathological pathways causing tau hyperphosphorylation typically associated with AD were also shown to be activated in COVID‐19 patients. RyR2 in COVID‐19 brains demonstrated a “leaky” phenotype, which can promote cognitive and behavioral defects.

Discussion

COVID‐19 neuropathology includes AD‐like features and leaky RyR2 channels could be a therapeutic target for amelioration of some cognitive defects associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and long COVID.
Microscopy of structures surrounding typical acupoints used in clinical practice and electron microscopic evaluation of acupuncture needles
Authors: Intriago Vanessa , Reina Miguel A. , Boezaart André P. , Tubbs Richard Shane , Montaña Ana V. , Pérez‐Rodríguez Francisco José , Sanroman‐Junquera Margarita
Published: February 2022

Although the general functionality and structures of acupoints have been studied, there has been little insight into their underlying morphology and physical characteristics. We describe the microanatomical structures surrounding acupoints, the electron microscopic appearance of the needles, and the physical effects of acupuncture needling on the fascia. We injected heparinized blood solution through thin needles at seven known and commonly used “sweat acupoints” in eight fresh, unembalmed, cryopreserved human cadavers to mark the needle positions, and later, during histological examination, to identify them. After the solution was injected, samples were dissected and prepared for histological examination. We examined 350 cross‐sections of five different paraffin wax sections from each acupoint microscopically. Acupuncture needles were photographed and superimposed on the cross‐sectioned tissues at similar magnifications. Needles were also examined under a scanning electron microscope to judge the roughness or smoothness of their surfaces. A greater conglomeration of nerve endings surrounded the acupoints than in tissues more than 1–3 cm distant from them. Nerve endings and blood vessels were in close contact with a complex network of membranes formed by interlacing collagen fibers, and were always enclosed within those collagen membranes. Nerve endings were found within hypodermis, muscles, or both. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the three‐dimensional shapes and sizes of the needles, and the degree of roughness or smoothness of their polished external surfaces. We demonstrate a delicate arrangement of nerve endings and blood vessels enclosed within complex collagen membrane networks at acupoints within the hypodermis and muscle. This arrangement could explain why needling is an essential step in the acupuncture process that provides favorable outcomes in clinical practice.