bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ebu İshâk es-Sa’lebî’nin Ulûmu’l-Kur’ân’a Yaklaşımı -el-Keşf ve’l-Beyân Bağlamında-
Authors: KASAMI Flamur
Published: April 2022

Ebû İshâk es-Sal‘ebî (427/1035) hicrî IV. asrın sonu ile V. asrın başında Nişâbur’da yaşamış meşhur müfessirlerden birisidir. Yaşadığı bölgede zamanın önemli hocalarından ilim tahsil ettiği gibi birçok âlim de ondan ilim tahsilinde bulunmuştur. Muhakkak ki o, hayatını ilimle, talebe yetiştirmekle ve eserler yaz-makla geçirmiştir. “el-Mukri’”, “el-Müfessir”, “el-Vâ’iz”, “el-Edîb”, “es-Sika”, “el-Hâfız”, “el-Mutasavvıf” vb. un-vanlar ile zikredilen Sa‘lebî, İslâm dünyasında, te’lif etmiş olduğu el-Keşf ve’l-Beyân fî (an) Tefsîri’l-Kur’ân adlı eseri ile ün kazanmış ve itibar görmüştür. Bu eserde, Esbâb-ı Nüzûl, Muhkem-Müteşâbih, Hurûf-ı Mu-katta’a, Kırâat, Nâsih ve Mensûh, Fedâilu’l-Kur’ân, Müşkilu’l-Kur’ân, Vücûh ve Nezâir ve Mübhemâtu’l-Kur’ân gibi Kur’ân ilimlerine ağırlık verilmektedir. Kur’ân ilimlerine son derece önem veren Sal’ebî’nin“el-Kâmil fî Ulûmi’l-Kur’ân” adıyla Kur’ân ilimlerine dair bir kitabın mevcut olduğu ancak bu eserin günümüze kadar ulaşmadığı bildirilmektedir. Onun bu ilimlere yönelik bir eserinin mevcut olduğunu ispatlayan kendi sözleri olsa gerektir. Kur’ân ilimlerine önem veren Sa‘lebî, tefsirinin mukaddimesinde “Bâbu İlmi’l-Kurân ve’t-Tertîbu fîh” adıyla bir başlık koymuş ve burada farklı hocaların kanalıyla rivayetler aktararak tef-sirde İlmü’l-Kur’ân’a dair ilimlerin öğrenilmesinin gerekli olduğunu ve bunları bilmeden âyetlerin anla-şılmasında zorluklar oluşabileceğini ifade etmiştir. Bu çalışmada kısaca önce Sa‘lebî’nin hayatı ele alınmış-tır. Ardından müfessir için önem taşıyan hem rivayete hem de dirayete dayalı Kur’ân ilimlerine yaklaşı-mına âyetler eşliğinde işaret edilmiştir. Son olarak ilgili hususlar hakkında değerlendirmeler yapılarak onun yöntem ve görüşleri ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır.
أثر استعمال الاسلوب التدريسي غير المباشر في الأداء التعبيري والتفكير الابداعي عند طلاب الصف الاول المتوسط
Authors: اسماعيل خليل عمار
Published: April 2022

.يهدف البحث الحالي الى معرفة: (أثر استعمال الاسلوب التدريسي غير المباشر في الاداء التعبيري والتفكير الابداعي عند طلاب الصف الاول المتوسط)، واتبع الباحث المنهج التجريبي وتصميم المجموعتين ذا الضبط الجزئي، وتكونت العينة من (68) طالبا من متوسطة المصطفى التابعة لمديرية الكرخ الاولى، وكافأ بين مجموعتي البحث ببعض المتغيرات، واعد الأهداف والخطط التدريسية الازمة آخذا بآراء الخبراء والمتخصصين، وكانت اداتا البحث اختبار بعدي للأداء التعبيري واختبار التفكير الابداعي، واعتمد محكات جاهزة لتصحيح الاداء التعبيري ومفاتيح تصحيح اختبار التفكير الابداعي، واستعمل بعض الوسائل الاحصائية المناسبة واظهرت النتائج تفوق المجموعة التجريبية التي درست التعبير باستعمال الاسلوب التدريسي غير المباشر على طلاب المجموعة الضابطة التي درست التعبير بالطريقة الاعتيادية في الاداء التعبيري واختبار التفكير الابداعي.
الخصائص القياسية لاختبار ثلاثي الابعاد لستيرنبرغ وفق نظرية الاستجابة المفردة لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية
Authors: محمد علي المشهداني هبه
Published: April 2022

يستهدف البحث الحالي استخراج الخصائص  القياسية في اختبار الذكاء وقد تبنت الباحثة الاختبار من (العزازي 2008 ). ولتحقيق هذا الهدف, عرضت الباحثة الاستبانه على المحكمين في العلوم التربوية والنفسية، للتأكد من توافر الخصائص المناسبة له ولبدائله من حيث الشكل والمضمون، وأخذت الباحثة بآرائهم, وقد عُدًت جميع فقرات الاختبار صالحة منطقياً لقياس ما وضعت من اجل قياسه. وللتأكد من وضوح تعليمات وفقرات الاختبار ولتحديد زمن الأداء طبق الاختبار على عينة استطلاعية من (60) طالباً وطالبة من غير عينة التحليل الإحصائي, وظهرت بان تعليمات وفقرات الاختبار واضحة، وتم تحديد زمن الأداء. وقد طبقت الاختبار على عينة مكونة من (600) طالباً وطالبة من (المرحلة الاعدادية في بغداد ) تم اختيارهم بأسلوب العينة العشوائية متعددة المراحل, واعتمدت الباحثة على أنموذج ثنائي المعلم، وهو أحد نماذج نظرية الاستجابة للفقرة لتحليل فقرات الاختبار، وللتحقق من افتراضات الأنموذج اتبعت الباحثة ما يأتي: التحليل الإحصائي وفق نظرية الاستجابة للفقرة  فقد تم من خلال اعتماد الباحثة على أنموذج ثناني المعلم كأحد نماذج نظرية الاستجابة للفقرة في تحليل فقرات اختبار الذكاء، فضلاً عن مطابقة الفقرات لأنموذج ثنائي المعلم يعد دليلاً على أن الفقرات تقيس سمة أحادية البعد , استناداً إلى قيمة مربع كاي بمستوى دلالة (0.05) ، قبول صعوبة الفقرة  (- 2.5) الى ( + 2.5) , قبول تمييز الفقرة (5,0) الى (5,2) , وتبين ان بعض الفقراتحذفت لانها ليس ضمن الحدود المقبولة وتم التحقق من صدق الاختبار، وثبات الاختبار طريق مؤشرين نسبة التباين لتقدير ثبات الاختبار ودالة المعلومات لتقدير ثبات القدرة .
موقف النجف الاشرف من السياسة العثمانية 1850-1914
Authors: حماد محمود فواز
Published: April 2022

كان للنجف الأشرف مواقف معارضة للسياسة العثمانية في عهدها الأخير                   (1850- 1914). بسبب سياسة العثمانيين ومحاولاتهم في فرض الطائفية على هذه المدينة, والسعي لإخضاع المرجعية الدينية فيها لسلطتهم السياسية. أدرك ابناء النجف الأشرف ان الولاة العثمانيين الذين كانت ترسلهم حكومة استنبول الى العراق غرباء عنه ولا يهمهم سوى ضمان المصالح العثمانية وتجنيد ابناء البلد في حروب العثمانيين, لا سيما ضد الدول الاجنبية, والحصول على اكبر قدر ممكن من الاموال من ولايات العراق ومدنه المختلفة, ولم يحرك الولاة العثمانيين ساكناً اثناء التحديات الخارجية التي تعرضت لها النجف الأشرف مثل الغزو الوهابي لها عام 1806 وفي المراحل اللاحقة. كما كان للنجف الأشرف دورها في تنامي الوعي السياسي والسعي للتخلص من السيطرة العثمانية البغيضة, فتعهدت لأساليب الوالي العثماني نامق باشا  (1851- 1853) والوالي محمد رشيد باشا

 (1853 – 1857) وغيرهما من الولاة العثمانيين الذين حاولوا قمع انتفاضاتها وتحركاتها وقتل زعمائها. ونتيجة للأساليب العثمانية العنيفة ضد ابناء المدينة ظهرت فيها تيارات اصلاحية دعت الى التجديد وتعزيز الروح القومية والتمسك بالقيم الاسلامية الحقيقية والتخلص من السياسة العنصرية التي كان يتبعها العثمانيون ضد العراقيين عموماً, والنجفيين خصوصاً.

ان مهمة هذا البحث هو تتبع موقف النجف الأشرف من السياسة العثمانية في مرحلة تاريخية مهمة تمتد من النصف الثاني من القرن التاسع عشر حت دخول البريطانيين الى البصرة واحتلالها عام 1914 نتيجة وقوف الدولة العثمانية ضد دول الوسط التي كانت تتزعمها بريطانيا, وكشف البحث تصدي هذه المدينة المقدسة لأساليب العثمانيين ووسائلهم ضدها, ودورهم في تفويض السياسة العثمانية وانتفاضاتهم ضدها حتى سقوطها في الحرب العالمية الأولى والزامها فيها.
شعر رثاء الشواعر الإسلاميات دراسة في ضوء الحقول الدلالية
Authors: صادق عباس وسن
Published: April 2022

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الابانة عن البنية الدلالية لشعر رثاء الشواعر في العصر الاسلامي والتي تشكل الهدف الاساسي الذي بنيت عليه الصيغة البيانية للبحث ، كون الرثاء يعد من الاغراض والموضوعات الشعرية التي جاورت الجزء الأكبر من شعر اولئك الشواعر ، لم يكن موضوعاً محورياً في الكثير من قصائدهن ، إلا أن ذلك النتاج الشعري الخاص نجده قد تلبس بهيئات تحاكي ذلك الغرض وتستنطق معطياته الخطابية في احايين كثيرة ، فكان الميل للكشف عن الدلالات اللفظية والمعنوية التي اختصت في طرق بيانها واستعاراتها وتحولاتها الدلالية بذلك الغرض هو المطلب الجوهري لهذه التجربة الاستقرائية ، ومن تلك الدوال (ألفاظ الحزن ، والصفات ، وألفاظ الطبيعة ... ألخ) ، ثم التحول بعدها الى عرض النسق الاخباري من خلال المفردات الشعرية الواردة وتتبع السياق الدلالي للمعنى المنشود الذي وجدناه ينزاح معظم الأوقات عن صيغته المعجمية باتجاه دلالات تحمل في طابعها بنية معنوية خاصة تتحقق من خلالها مقومات ومعاني الرثاء .
أنظمة الانشاء التصويري المنفذ على الخزف الاسلامي التركي
Authors: محمد رضا نجم هند
Published: April 2022

تميز العالم الاسلامي بتعدد الاقاليم والمجتمعات وبما يمتلكه من هذا العالم من موروث حضاري فكري وثقافي وهذا ما أثر على ما يمتلكه من الاعمال الفنية الخزفية الاسلامية من تنوع انشائياً كبيراً في بناها الشكلية ومن تعدد واختلاف في الانظمة الانشائية للصور المنفذة على الاسطح الخزفية تختلف اشكالها البنائية وهذا التنوع والتعدد لم يبعدها في صياغتها عن وحدة الفكر الاسلامي و من الطرز الاسلامية المهمة هو الطراز الاسلامي التركي . الذي سعى فيه الفنان المسلم من تناول مفردات الواقع ومعالجتها فنياً من خلال التحوير والابتكار . ليتمكن من تكوين نظم لبنى انشائية متنوعة ساعياً بذلك لاظهار القيم الجمالية والوظيفية لاشكاله وبروح العقيدة الاسلامية . وقد جاءت دراسة البحث الحالي تلبية للحاجة المعرفية والفنية وبعنوان أنظمة الانشاء التصويري المنفذة على الخزف الاسلامي التركي . وتضمن البحث أربعة فصول : تناول الفصل الأول عرض المشكلة والتي تلخصت بالتساؤل الآتي : ( ماهي أنظمة الانشاء التصويري المنفذ على الخزف الاسلامي التركي) . واقتصرت حدود البحث الزمانية القرن الثالث عشر – القرن الخامس عشر والحدود المكانية : تركيا . اما الفصل الثاني – الاطار النظري . والمتكون من المواضيع التالية : انظمة الانشاء التصويري في العمل الفني – عناصر واسس تكوين الانشاء التصويري – الفن الاسلامي التركي – مؤشرات الاطار النظري. والفصل الثالث تكون من اجراءات البحث من مجاميع البحث وعينة البحث وقد حددتها الباحثة بـ (5) عينات . وكذلك منهج البحث والذي اعتمد فيه المنهج التحليلي الوصفي تماشياً مع طبيعة البحث ومقتضياته . وجاء الفصل الرابع بمجموعة نتائج ومن ابرزها . 1- للخزف الاسلامي التركي تحولات من حيث الشكل والمضمون ومن خلال مراحل زمنية مختلفة . 2- أبتعد الفنان المسلم التركي عن المألوف في أنظمة الانشائية في الشكل او التكوينية في بنية صورية تشغل مساحة العمل الفني وتحقق الهدف . أما الاستنتاجات فكان من بينها : 1- تمكن الفنان المسلم من استخدام الفضاءات المتاحة واستغلالها بشكل متناسق وتنوع مفردات زخرفية معتمداً على اسس التكرار والاتزان. 2- تأثر الفنان المسلم بالفنون والثقافات المجاورة الاوربية اذ ظهرت اساليب انشائية تختلف ووفق فترات زمنية تؤكد قدرته على التعبير وفق هذا النوع والتحول . واعقب ذلك قائمة بالمصادر والمراجع العربية والاجنبية.
تشريعات العدالة الانتقالية في العراق " قراءة قانونية اجتماعية في الدساتير والقوانين
Authors: عباس لمى , عناد زامل يوسف
Published: April 2022

بات العراق واحداً من أكثر البلدان تعرضاً للأزمات نتيجة لما مر به من الحروب على مدى ثلاث عقود من الزمن ، عمدت فيها السلطات الغاشمة والدكتاتورية الى ارتكاب جرائم بحق المواطنين وانتهاكات لحقوق الأنسان وخروقات واضحة لكافة القوانين ، وهنا تكمن مشكلة بحثنا . وتكمن اهمية البحث في حقّ الضحايا الذين تعرضوا في العراق لانتهاكات جسيمة لحقوقهم في فترة حكم النظام السابق قبل عام 2003 ، لتحقيق إقامة دولة القانون بالشكل الذي يعترف بانتهاكات حقوق الانسان المرتبطة بالنظام السابق ومحاسبة المتورطين فيه و ضمان تقديم تعويض لضحايا الانتهاكات ومنع تكراراها .  اما هدف البحث ، هو الإجابة على عدة تساؤلات اكتنفت موضوع البحث ، وهو كالآتي :

السؤال الاول : هل توجد مراحل انتقالية في العراق غير التي أوجدتها الاحكام الانتقالية في الدستور العراقي لسنة 2005 ؟ .(سلطة الائتلاف و قانون أدارة الدولة) .

السؤال الثاني : هل وفرت المواد الانتقالية في دستور 2005 و التشريعات والقوانين التي تخص المرحلة الانتقالية في العراق بعد عام 2003  “عدالة انتقاليّة” لشريحة ضحايا النظام السابق ؟ وهل هي تشريعات مؤقتة ومحددة بزمن معين ؟ أم أنها وقتية ويوجد وقت معين ومحدد للعدالة الانتقالية؟

السؤال الثالث : ما هي الطبيعة القانونية لتلك الاجراءات وهل هي اجراءات القضائية  ؟ ،أم اجراءات غير القضائية ؟ أم هي إجراءات ذات طبيعة خاصة .
المشركون بين عقاب الدنيا ووعيد الآخرة قوم نوح، وعاد، وصالح انموذجا دراسة موضوعية
Authors: نعيم علي جبر منصور
Published: April 2022

اتخذ الله سبحانه منهج الثواب والعقاب وسيلةً لتأديب خلقه، ودفعهم لتقويم سلوكهم، وضرب لهم الأمثال، وجعل قصص الأقوام السابقة عبرة لمن جاء بعدهم من الأمم، لذلك ذكر قصص تلك الأقوام بمواضع متفرقة من القرآن الكريم وبأسلوب مختلف، فتارة يسلط الضوء على جانب الحوار الذي دار بينهم وبين أنبياءهم، وتارة يكشف عن الأحداث المروعة والصور البشعة التي مرّوا بها جميعا؛ بسبب انحرافهم عن عبادة الله سبحانه وهو محور بحثنا، ثم يبين سبحانه ما أعدّ لهم من سوء العذاب في الآخرة، فيكون عقابهم متصلاً من الدنيا حتى الآخرة.
التكامل القانونيّ لإحكام المحكمة الجنائية الدولية
Authors: محسن جبر إبراهيم
Published: April 2022

يمثّل التكامل القانونيّ الصورة الأولى من صور التكامل التي تشمل التكامل القضائيّ والتكامل التنفيذيّ، ويتعلق التكامل القانونيّ بالجرائم التي تدخل في نطاق اختصاص المحكمة الجنائية الدولية، إذ ينعقد لها الاختصاص في هذه الجرائم على وجه التحديد متى كان القضاء الوطنيّ غير مختصّ بهذه الجرائم، فالتكامل القانوني يكون بين نظام روما الأساس وقواعد قانونيّة خارج هذا نظام الأساسيّ، تتمثل بالمعاهدات والاتفاقيات الواجبة التطبيق ومبادئ القانون الدوليّ وقواعده، ومبادئ القانون العامة التي تستنبطها المحكمة من القوانين الوطنية لدول العالم
О важности финансовой грамотности для обеспечения личного благополучия// Humanitarian and Socio-Economic Sciences Journal ISSN 2733-0931, no. 6(17) (November 30, 2021)/ Chief Editor V. Klevtcov /Open European Academy of Public Sciences : Tallinn, Estonia, 2021. P.9-12.
Authors: Kudryashov Alexander
Published: April 2022

В настоящее время возрос интерес к оценке способности людей понимать финансовые концепции и безопасно управлять сбережениями и инвестициями, что часто называют «финансовой грамотностью». Этот интерес основан на важности сбережений и планирования для достижения экономического благополучия на протяжении всей жизни и на установленном факте, что в настоящее время люди сталкиваются со все более сложными финансовыми продуктами и услугами.There is now a growing interest in assessing people’s ability to understand financial concepts and safely manage savings and investments, often referred to as “financial literacy”. This interest is based on the importance of saving and planning for lifelong economic well-being and on the established fact that people are now exposed to increasingly sophisticated financial products and services.
Научные представления о финансовой грамотности населения// Humanitarian and Socio-Economic Sciences Journal ISSN 2733-0931, no. 6(17) (November 30, 2021)/ Chief Editor V. Klevtcov /Open European Academy of Public Sciences : Tallinn, Estonia, 2021. P.91-101.
Authors: Kudryashov Alexander
Published: April 2022

За последнее десятилетие финансовая грамотность населения стала важным вопросом для правительства Российской Федерации. Финансовая грамотность имеет решающее значение для граждан, как эффективное знание для преодоления будущих последствий демографических изменений, прежде всего таких, как старение и низкие темпы воспроизводства населения, что, в свою очередь, находит отражение этого тренда и в развитых странах. Необходимость владения минимальными знаниями в области управления личными финансами также связано с усложнением финансовых рынков и распространением новых финансовых технологий. Финансовая грамотность является необходимым требованием обеспечения финансовой доступности, способствуя стимулированию экономического роста и улучшения благосостояния населения.Over the past decade, the financial literacy of the population has become an important issue for the government of the Russian Federation. Financial literacy is crucial for citizens as effective knowledge to overcome the future consequences of demographic changes, primarily such as aging and low reproduction rates of the population, which, in turn, is reflected in this trend in developed countries. The need to have minimal knowledge in the field of personal finance management is also associated with the complication of financial markets and the spread of new financial technologies. Financial literacy is a necessary requirement for financial inclusion, helping to stimulate economic growth and improve the well-being of the population.
Resume Permintaan dan Penawaran
Authors: Arkam Fadel
Published: April 2022

Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penawaran agregat adalah tingkat harga, kapasitas produksi suatu perekonomian dan biaya produksi. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi besarnya permintaan agregat adalag tingkat harga dan juga dipengaruhi oleh kebijakan moneter dan fiskal yang dilakukan oleh permintaan. Keseimbangan ekonomi makro merupakan gabungan dari semua harga dan jumlah barang di mana semua penjual dan pembeli merasa puas dengan transaksi tersebut.
analisis permintaan dan penawaran agregatif
Authors: Khaerani Siti Fadhilah
Published: April 2022

Model penawaran agregat (Aggregate Supply/AS) dan permintaan agregat (Aggregate Demand/AD) sering kali digunakan untuk membantu menganalisis fluktuasi ekonomi dalam jangka pendek. Model AS-AD ini merupakan turunan dari model IS-LM, di mana pada model IS-LM menggunakan asumsi bahwa tingkat harga bersifat konstan.
School attendance problems in children with neurodevelopmental conditions in the UK approximately one year after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Totsika Vasiliki , Kouroupa Athanasia , Timmerman Amanda , Allard Amanda , Gray Kylie , Hastings Richard , Heyne David , Melvin Glenn. A , Tonge Bruce
Published: April 2022

The preprint describes analyses that investigate school attendance problems in children with neurodevelopmental conditions in the UK approximately one year after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Ramsey Test and Evidential Support Theory
Authors: Sikorski Michal
Published: April 2022

The Ramsey Test is considered to be the default test for the acceptability of indicative conditionals. I will argue that it is incompatible with some of the recent developments in conceptualizing conditionals, namely the growing empirical evidence for the Relevance Hypothesis. According to the hypothesis, one of the necessary conditions of acceptability for an indicative conditional is its antecedent being positively probabilistically relevant for the consequent. The source of the idea is Evidential Support Theory presented in Douven (2008). I will defend the hypothesis against alleged counterexamples and show that it is supported by growing empirical evidence. Finally, I will present a version of the Ramsey test which incorporates the relevance condition and therefore is consistent with growing empirical evidence for the relevance hypothesis.
Specific pandemic-related worries predict higher attention-related errors and negative affect independent of trait anxiety in UK-based students
Authors: Brown Chris Robert Harrison , Feng Ya-Chun , Costin Vlad , Hirsch Colette , Wang Yun-Han , Wang Yun-Lin , Chew Jowinn , Kenny Jordan , Allen Paul
Published: April 2022

Recent surveys have revealed a rise in anxiety levels, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on cognitive-emotional models of anxiety, we predict this increase may be underpinned by pandemic-related worry (PRW), characterised by repetitive negative thinking about pandemic-specific outcomes. We also predicted that PRW would occupy limited capacity cognitive resources required for attentional control, needed for the regulation of worry. We developed a novel instrument to measure the contents of PRW, and to explore its independent relationship with cognitive functioning and negative affect. A five-factor model of PRW was identified in Study 1 (N = 255) and validated in Study 2 (N = 382). In Study 2, regression analyses revealed that worries about the declining quality of life and the probability of COVID-19 infection were the strongest predictors of attention and memory-related errors. We also found that attention-related errors partially mediated the positive relationship between PRW and negative affect. Importantly, all analyses remained significant when controlling for recalled pre-pandemic trait anxiety and worry, suggesting that the relationships reflected elevated anxiety even in those with low levels of trait anxiety. The findings suggest that to support psychological wellbeing in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, support should target specific PRWs.
A Systematic Review of Sexism in Video Games
Authors: SooHoo Jackson
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:Investigation into the effects of sexism in video games on its users is increasingly relevant given the growth of the gaming industry.METHODS:A literature search was conducted across EBSCOhost, American Psychological Association PsycInfo, and APA PsycArticles. Search terms used: “video games AND sexual harassment,” “video games AND sexism,” and “video games AND misogyny.” RESULTS:The search resulted in 522 articles with 495 excluded as duplicates, non-experimental or not relevant to the topic, resulting in 27 included for review. DISCUSSION:This literature review provides strong evidence for the widespread existence of sexist content and behavior in video games.
Entwicklung und Erprobung eines Wirkmodells im Rahmen der Evaluation des baden-württembergischen Präventionskonzepts stark.stärker.WIR. (ssW)
Authors: Fenzl Thomas , Lemke Stella , Mayring Philipp
Published: April 2022

Der Beitrag berichtet über zentrale Ergebnisse der Evaluation des Programms des Landes Baden-Württemberg zur Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung an Schulen. Der Einsatz eines differenzierten Wirkmodells ermöglichte die Verschränkung einer summativen Evaluationskomponente zur Einschätzung des Programmerfolgs mit den formativen Analysen zur Qualität der Implementierung des Programms und deren Optimierung. Im Prä-post-Vergleich wurden zu drei Messzeitpunkten ca. 2.000 Schüler(innen), 1.700 Eltern und 235 Lehrkräfte befragt sowie Einzelinterviews und Fokusgruppen in einem qualitativ-quantitativen Methodenkonzept eingesetzt. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass in Folge von Präventionsmaßnahmen im Sinne des Wirkmodells eine Verbesserung des Klassenklimas und des Verbundenheitsgefühls der Schüler(innen) mit der Schule mit einer Reduktion von Gewalt einhergeht. Mit Hilfe des Wirkmodelles konnten auch genauere Analysen der Implementierungstreue des Programms durchgeführt sowie in der Praxis gut umsetzbare Optimierungsvorschläge abgeleitet werden. Das Wirkmodell wird bezüglich seines Einsatzes sowohl als Teil der Evaluationsmethodik als auch als Evaluationsprodukt diskutiert, das über seine Ausdifferenzierung im Laufe des Evaluationsprozesses entsteht.
Role of Yoga Practices for Mental Health and Learning Habits of Management Students
Authors: Aryal Lal Prasad
Published: April 2022

Learning habit is purely and fairly psychological activity that needs sound mental health including inner-peace, calmness, easiness, positivity, curiosity, interest and self-motivation. The increased global interest in yoga practices in recent decades is primarily due to the expectancy that it can calm the mind and increase overall health and well-being of the students. Yoga provides training of mind and body to bring emotional and mental balance as well as it leads to alignment and harmony. This article discusses yoga (Asanas, Pranayamas and Dhyanas) as a potential tool for the management students to deal with mental health that essentially important for effective learning habits and to regulate themselves. This research study combination of both experimental and survey research designs. For this experimental study, 60 number of students are taken as sample who were failed in their mid-term examination and they were further classified as self-control group and experimental group with 30 students in each group in order to identify and confirm the effectiveness of yoga practices on academic performance of students. This study finding suggests that ‘yoga practices’ is an effective tool to solve mental health issues and finally it contributes for effective learning habits of management students. With this study, it is argued that students need such aid to listen inward, to their bodies, feelings, and ideas.
Reading and associated competences of information and documentation professionals: the reading behavior of future librarians
Authors: Sánchez-García Sandra , Larrañaga Elisa , Yubero Santiago
Published: April 2022

Numerous studies have analyzed the reading habits of university students, demonstrating the benefits of voluntary reading for academic performance. It is thus paradoxical that a large fraction of university students only read instrumentally and are far from adopting stable reading habits. This general situation is repeated among future professionals in the education field, whose personal reading experiences have been proven to have a decisive influence on their training and professional practice. Students on information and documentation degree courses are among the group of future professionals who are strongly linked to reading and who must attain competence in reading and comprehension. The main aim of this study is to use a sample of 214 students on information and documentation degree courses at five Spanish universities to analyze the professional profiles of most interest to them and their relationship with reading, both at a global level and depending on their chosen profile. The results reveal that many students have not identified a clearly defined professional profile. We also confirm findings from other studies on reading habits and behaviors, where it is evident that voluntary reading is not part of their lifestyle, albeit with some differences here between students depending on the professional profile selected. These results support the idea that, although some of these competences do not seem to have a strictly information or documentation nature, given the importance given to them in professional opportunities related to these studies, their reinforcement should be considered in future revisions of such degrees.
Psychological assistance of athletes from Pelatda PON XX athletics in Central Java in pandemic situation
Authors: Hermahayu Hermahayu
Published: April 2022

Atletik menjadi cabang olahraga unggulan Jawa Tengah untuk meraih medali pada PON XX 2021. Seluruh atlet telah menjalani pemusatan latihan, namun situasi pandemi menyebabkan berbagai fasilitas olahraga ditutup dan berbagai kejuaraan ditunda. Situasi sulit ini, ditambah dengan target yang telah ditetapkan membuat atlet merasa terbebani. Hal ini, memicu munculnya berbagai kondisi psikologis yang tidak menyenangkan. Program pendampingan psikologis ini bertujuan agar atlet dapat mengembangkan pola pikir tangguh, meningkatkan motivasi berlatih, serta dapat menentukan sikap yang adaptif dalam menghadapi situasi pandemi. Pendampingan ini dilakukan melalui konseling individual secara langsung (tatap muka) dan online (melalui aplikasi WhatsApp). Setelah mengikuti program ini, sejumlah atlet yang sebelumnya mengalami ketidaknyamanan secara psikologis, melaporkan bahwa mereka lebih mampu mengendalikan emosi negatif yang muncul dengan mengembangkan strategi coping yang sesuai.
Youth capacity building in preventing risky sexual behavior in rural areas
Authors: Waliyanti Ema , Puspita Dewi , Destyanto Alfauzi Adhe , Mutmainnah Sofia , Mustikasari Harningsih Putri , Prabowo Rizal Aji
Published: April 2022

Teenagers, as the nation's next generation, have the right to optimal growth and development, as well as the assurance of their survival, free of discrimination and mistreatment, and protection from a variety of health concerns. This group has health issues, owing to a proclivity towards risky behavior. Strengthening teenagers' abilities to inhibit sexual behavior in teenagers is the solution to this problem. This activity was carried out in Bangunjiwo Village, Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Through video media, lectures, and peer group discussions, this program aims to educate youth about risky sexual behavior. The results of the program indicate that health education using video media, lectures, and peer groups can improve rural teenage knowledge and attitudes about risky sexual behavior. This activity is expected to promote teenager understanding, attitudes, and reduce risky sexual activity, as well as provide a venue for seeking alternate solutions to reproductive health problems.
‘Si RT’ application to simplify communication and transparency of information in the pandemic era
Authors: Kusuma Selvia Ferdiana , Heriadi Agustono , Nugroho Benni Agung , Nurfarida Ellya , Widyastuti Ratna
Published: April 2022

Rukun Tetangga (RT) is the forefront of government services to the citizens as the RT's position is in the midst of society. Communication and information transparency are the main assets for the implementation of good governance. The covid-19 pandemic has changed a lot in human behavior. There are many restrictions to break the chain of Covid-19, for example, there are no crowds, maintain the distance, and other restrictions. Of course, this will complicate the RT's role in communicating and delivering information to residents. In addition, restrictions on social activities also force citizens not to be able to socialize freely with each other. The solution offered to solve this problem is the creation of an RT information system website which aims to facilitate communication and information transparency in the pandemic era. In addition, there is also assistance in the use of information systems to ensure that all citizens can use the information system. Based on the evaluation, the solutions offered are proven to facilitate communication and information transparency between citizens and between heads of RT and citizens in the pandemic era.
Optimizing the strategy for developing wood craft production at MSME Laser Production
Authors: Kurnia Marlina , Ashari Dani , Nugroho Bagas Setiawan , Rista Octa Via , Nugroho Ahmad Setyo , Tintrin Tintrin
Published: April 2022

Children's car craft is one of the most popular business activities in Magelang City. UMKM activities in Magelang City still have many weaknesses in production, human resource management, marketing, development, and bookkeeping. The purpose of this program is to help Laser Production SMEs in Bojong Hamlet Rt 01 Rw 09, Kel. South Jurangombo, South Magelang in achieving production targets and maximum profits. The methods used are socialization, training and assistance related to optimizing production, bookkeeping and digital marketing. The results of this program are increasing partner skills related to increasing the number of production, financial management, digital marketing, and human resources (HR). This training activity increases the knowledge and skills of partners in optimizing the amount of production that has the potential to increase partners' income.
Socialization of green logistics on wire waste management as a commercial plate basket product
Authors: Indrasari Lolyka Dewi , Komari Ana , Tripariyanto Afiff Yudha , Sa'idah Jamilatus
Published: April 2022

Utilization of wire waste is feasible to be produced as a plate basket product. The partner who has implemented this innovation is UKM Putu Alwy Jaya. The community service team conducted socialization with the topic "green logistics". This topic is in accordance with the conditions that are being experienced by partners. The purpose of this activity is to increase the role of green logistics in products made from waste wire with selling value. The implementation method includes lectures, discussions, questions and answers and evaluations. Based on the results of the aspirations of the participants involved, it was stated that it was important to recapitulate the inventory of wire waste material every time an order was made to the supplier. Then, calculate the economic order quantity as a point of ordering in the future to minimize material delays. Scheduling optimization is related to the production period. Improving the function of work tools to speed up the production process of plate baskets is the main step. Straightening tools, cutting tools and packing techniques are closely related to green logistics. Therefore, the estimated time estimate, arriving at the destination, product condition, packaging condition is an achievement in green logistics.
Development of a wordpress CMS-based school website as a medium of information and promotion for SMAN 1 Poco Ranaka, NTT
Authors: Par Leonardus , Fatmawati Fatmawati , Kurnianto Yohanes Tresno , Jiul Monika , Agung Marianus Epivarnus , Nurmahir Indawati , Namul Yustina Sulastri
Published: April 2022

In East Manggarai Regency, NTT there are still many schools that haven’t a school website. One of them is SMA Negeri 1 Poco Ranaka. The purpose of this community service is to develop a school website for SMA Negeri 1 Poco Ranaka. This school website development activity is carried out with Focused Group Discussions, presentation of materials, and website development. The results of this activity indicate that partners' understanding of the importance of the school website has increased so that the collaboration to develop school websites can be established. In addition, the developed school website prioritizes features that suit the needs of the school, both for communication purposes with stakeholders and to facilitate school promotions.
Increasing promotion of mangrove ecotourism during the Covid-19 pandemic through online media training
Authors: Tsani Machya Kartika , Qurniati Rommy , Heryandi Heryandi , Duryat Duryat
Published: April 2022

Mangrove ecotourism in Margasari Village is a new tourism that is experiencing problems in promotion due to pandemic conditions and the promotion system is still conventional. The solution proposed by the University of Lampung community empowerment team is to promote through online media such as websites, Instagram, and Facebook. The purpose of this activity is to increase the promotion of mangrove ecotourism in Margasari Village through training in the creation and management of online media. The method of this activity is counseling and training on ecotourism promotion using online media. Some of the outcomes of this activity included the manager's understanding of the importance of promotion, as well as the benefits and opportunities of using online media to promote ecotourism. Websites, Instagram, and Facebook have been created and used for promotional media for Mangrove Ecotourism in Margasari Village.
Posyandu cadre training on stress management with five finger hypnosis for the elderly with hypertension problems
Authors: Ariesti Ellia , Sodikin Mohammad Ali , Handini Febrina Secsaria
Published: April 2022

Tambakasri Village is located in Tajinan District, Malang Regency which has posyandu for the elderly and toddlers. Currently, the posyandu cadres have received training from the Tajinan Health Center, which focuses on the prevention and treatment of physical problems. However, one of the consequences of the pandemic is that many elderly which have hypertension health problems suffer stress, so training in a non-pharmacological way is required. As a result, the goal of this program is to improve the ability of health cadres in Tambakasri Village to use the five-finger hypnosis technique to improve the health of the elderly, particularly those with hypertension. This activity was judged successful based on four indicators, they are achieving the target number of training participants, the training objectives, the planned material targets, and participants' mastery of the material. The benefits obtained by health cadres include the ability to guide and assist the general public, particularly the elderly with hypertension who are stressed.
Strengthening online learning of geometry material at SDN Bojong 01 using Geoboard and GeoGebra media
Authors: Fuada Syifaul , Derawati Tiara , Rohaeti Lilis
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this activity is to support and assist teachers at SDN Bojong 01 Majalaya in Bandung Regency, West Java, in implementing distance learning. With a focus on Mathematics subject in Geometry, this service activity was carried out online with two teachers and ten fourth grade students at SDN Bojong 01, Majalaya Kab. Bandung, West Java. The facilitator creates and introduces the geoboard learning media, which can be used to calculate the area and perimeter of flat shapes, as well as the GeoGebra Classic version 6 media, which can be used to introduce spatial geometry. Learning videos are shared with students via a Whatsapp group. This activity took place from November 17 to November 30, 2020. This program was accepted by both teachers and students. Through this activity, the fasilitator can assist teachers in providing learning media as a support to students so that they can better understand the material being taught and learn geometry more easily.
Optimization of "#infovaksin" covid-19 as an effort to increase coverage of basic immunization for toddlers during the pandemic
Authors: Wulan Widya Ratna , Widianawati Evina , Pantiwati Ika , Kusuma Edi Jaya
Published: April 2022

During the Covid-19 epidemic, delays/cessation of vaccination services resulted in a drop in basic immunization coverage for children in Sumampir Village owing to restrictions on direct contact and parental concerns. It is thought that education about the Covid-19 vaccination is crucial in order to avoid new concerns in children's health. This service intends to improve health cadre engagement in Sumampir Village in order to achieve a high level of health. The service technique includes giving vaccinations and Covid-19-related materials and training. This program was successful in strengthening the knowledge and abilities of health personnel in the area of child vaccination. In addition, partners may use their interpersonal communication skills to help the community learn about vaccination and Covid-19 vaccines.
Counseling on paying zakat as a deduction from income tax in Sukosari Village, Bandongan, Magelang Regency
Authors: Rofiq Nur , Susilowati Yulia Eko , Puspandari Rr. Yunita
Published: April 2022

Zakat is the third pillar of Islam that all Muslims must follow. Meanwhile, taxes are one of the most important sources of revenue for the Indonesian government, with income tax (PPh) being one of them. Therefore, Indonesian Muslims are required to pay both, taxes and zakat, known as dual responsibility. In Sukosari Village, Bandongan District, Magelang Regency, this program is carried out in the form of counseling and simulation using lecture, discussion, and practice methods. As a result of the community service, participants able to demonstrate the zakat mechanism as a income tax (PPh) deduction. Furthermore, residents of Sukosari Village, in particular, can avoid double taxation (the obligation to pay zakat and taxes).
Training on making complementary foods from local mixed foods among mothers and cadres of Posyandu Cikulur
Authors: Amar Muhammad Ikhsan , Nasrullah Nanang , Kusumastuti Retno Dyah
Published: April 2022

Complementary foods for breast milk (MP-ASI) are needed as additional food if breast milk intake does not meet the needs of toddlers. So far, the practice of giving MP-ASI is often ignored, especially in terms of nutrient density. This is due to the lack of knowledge and skills of mothers and posyandu cadres in making nutrient-dense MP-ASI. The purpose of this program is to increase the knowledge of mothers and posyandu cadres about the manufacture of MP-ASI made from nutrient-dense local ingredients. The method used is training with video tutorials on making MP-ASI made from local ingredients and educational videos related to MP-ASI. This program provides significant benefits because there is an increase in knowledge after participating in the training (97.74% > 68.11%), both in the aspect of making MP-ASI made from local ingredients and processing quality MP-ASI, especially from mixed food ingredients (BMC). Other than that, the activity provides a sustainable impact in order to meet the nutritional needs of toddlers
Living with the Legacy of the Holocaust through the Generations
Authors: Bloomfield z’l Irene , Glassman Gaby
Published: April 2022

This article draws on pioneering work in studying the impact of the Holocaust on second and third generation children of survivors of refugees from Nazi persecution. It describes the formation of the first ‘Second Generation’ groups in 1989, followed in 1991 by ‘intergenerational groups’. The work revealed issues that included transgenerational trauma, feeling different, problems with separation, children not expressing their feelings, guilt, the child as a ‘memorial candle’, attitudes towards Jewishness. As a result of their experience with first and second generation Holocaust survivors and refugees in London, the authors were invited, in 1994, to provide ‘supervision’ for a group of first and second generation psychotherapists in Prague. There, it took time for group members to address their own issues, particularly in connection with their Jewishness, which they had suppressed while living under a totalitarian regime. An appendix addresses early work on communication in perpetrator families.
Sabina Spielrein
Authors: Launer John
Published: April 2022

Sabina Spielrein was a Russian psychoanalyst who worked in Zurich, Berlin, Geneva, Moscow and Rostov-on-Don. She influenced many well-known thinkers in psychoanalysis and psychology, including Jung, Freud, Piaget, Claparède, Vygotsky and Luria. After her death in the Shoah, her life and works were largely forgotten until the discovery of correspondence revealing her erotic relationship with Jung. She was then reinvented as a ‘femme fatale’ in popular culture. It is only in the twenty-first century that the details of her life have been properly reconstructed and that psychoanalysts have recognised her stature as an original thinker in many areas, including the death instinct, child development, attachment and evolution. This article gives an account of her life, explores the reasons for her erasure, and examines her two most significant papers.
Book Reviews
Authors: Saperstein Marc , Silverman Reuven
Published: April 2022

Michael A. Meyer, Rabbi Leo Baeck: Living a Religious Imperative, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2020, £48.00

Harvey Shoolman, Naturalistic Explanation in Spinoza’s Ethics: Being MindFull of Nature, Lexington Books, 2019, £46
Factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de neumonía asociada al ventilador: un estudio de casos y controles
Authors: Naveda Romero Omar Eugenio
Published: April 2022

Introducción: La neumonía asociada al ventilador (NAV) es la segunda infección más común adquirida en los hospitales, después de la infección del torrente sanguíneo, y está asociada a una alta mortalidad e involucra, un alto impacto en la carga económica de la atención médica de estos pacientes. Objetivo: Identificar factores de riesgo para NAV en niños críticamente enfermos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de casos y controles realizado en el Hospital Universitario de Pediatría “Dr. Agustín Zubillaga” (Barquisimeto, Estado Lara, Venezuela), entre 2017 y 2019. Regresión logística binaria. Resultados: Un total de 172 niños ventilados mecánicamente fueron incluidos en el análisis. Mediante un modelo de regresión logística binaria se identificaron como predictores independientes para el desarrollo de NAV: Sobrecarga hídrica (OR=5,537; IC95%: 1,903 – 16,113; p = 0,002), supresor de acidez gástrica (OR=5,360; IC95%: 1,584 – 18,136; p = 0,007), nutrición enteral (OR=2,354; IC95%: 1,079 – 5,136; p = 0,032), reintubación (OR=4,423; IC95%: 1,821 – 10,743; p = 0,001) y recibir más de dos transfusiones de glóbulos rojos (OR=2,267; IC95%: 1,002 – 5,127;  p = 0,049). Además, los casos con NAV presentaron más días en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) (7,5 ± 3,5 vs. 10,8 ± 4,6 días; p < 0,0001), mayor tiempo de duración total de ventilación mecánica (4,4 ± 2,3 vs. 7,3 ± 3,8; p < 0,0001) y mayor mortalidad en UCI (10,9% vs. 34,9%; p < 0,0001).
Conclusión: La sobrecarga hídrica, el uso de supresores de acidez gástrica, la nutrición enteral, la reintubación y recibir más de dos transfusiones de glóbulos rojos son factores de riesgo para desarrollar NAV.
Correspondencia: Omar Eugenio Naveda Romero   Correo: omarnavedamd@yahoo.com
Conflicto de interés: los autores declaran no poseer conflicto de interés
Fuente de financiamiento: Autofinanciado.
Recibido: 05/02/2022   Aceptado: 17/03/2022
DEPENDENCE OF THE FORMATION OF SCAR TISSUES OF MAXILLOFACIAL LOCALIZATION ON CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS
Authors: Toropov A.A. , Avetikov D.S. , Steblovskyi D.V. , Lokes K.P. , Boyko I.V.
Published: April 2022

To determine the individual features of the organization of circadian rhythms, the term "chronotype" was proposed [1]. According to the analysis of foreign and domestic literature data, the biological rhythm affects not only the mental state [2], but also the state of the person as a whole. Biological rhythms provide a person's ability to adapt to the environment. Swedish psychologist O. Okvist in 1970 proposed a questionnaire to determine the chronotype of patients. He singled out three types of chronotype in patients: morning ("larks"), intermediate (arrhythmic, asynchronous, "pigeons") and evening ("owls").

The research was conducted on the basis of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery on the basis of KU "Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital. M.V. Sklifosovsky Poltava regional council ". A total of 20 patients took part in the study. To study the materials, we analyzed patients who were hospitalized for routine surgery for congenital neck cysts and scalp and neck tumors.

According to the obtained clinical data for the 180th day, we can say that in patients of the first group of the first subgroup, and patients of the second subgroup who underwent surgery using placental cryoextract in the intraoperative period and electrophoresis with the above drug in the postoperative period scar formation was better than in patients with morning and evening chronotype of the second clinical group who underwent surgery according to the classical method without the use of additional preventive measures.

Therefore, it should be noted that regardless of the established morning or evening chronotype in patients of the second group, it should be noted their difference in the data obtained in contrast to the first clinical group, which may indicate the need for additional preventive measures, both intraoperative and short and long postoperative , which is most relevant for people with a detected evening chronotype.
A REVIEW ON PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF Syzygium caryophyllatum
Authors: Pemmereddy Ramadevi , Chandrashekar K. S. , Ranganath K. Pai Sreedhara , Pai Vasudev , Mathew Anna , Kamath B. Venkatesh
Published: April 2022

Syzygium caryophyllatum, widely known as wild black plum, belongs to Myrtaceae. The tender leaves of Syzygium caryophyllatum are commonly used by folklore practitioners, particularly for stomatitis, diarrhea, blood-mucous stools, wounds, and ulcers. The plant contains numerous bioactive constituents like terpenoids, carotenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, saponins, glycosides, amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, lipids in significant amounts. The plant has reported anti-microbial effects, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. The present review describes the botanical aspects, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological actions of Syzygium caryophyllatum to authenticate its use as a multipurpose medicinal herb.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND MICROBIAL ASSESSMENT OF Moringa oleifera SEED CRUDE OIL EXTRACT
Authors: Ojewumi M.E. , Obanla O.R. , Taiwo S.O , John A.N.
Published: April 2022

The present inherent ability of an organism to human pathogenic infections compelled the need to explore new substances with antimicrobial properties from plant-based materials. Moringa oleifera seed extract was evaluated for antimicrobial effects against the selected bacteria strains - Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and selected fungi - Rhizopus stolonifera and Candida albicans. The zone of inhibition test revealed samples inhibited microbial growth to various extents with greater sensitivity against fungal as viewed in the bacterial strains. Phytochemical screening of analyzed samples revealed the presence of some metabolites (secondary) such as Alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, Anthocyanin and betacyanin, Quinones, tannins, Terpenoids and Acids. Gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis identified about 33 chemical components.
REMOVAL OF METHANAL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING MICROWAVE INDUCED CARBON FROM Coffea arabica GROUNDS WASTE
Authors: Nazar M. , Aulya N. M. , Syahrial  , Puspita K.
Published: April 2022

Activated carbon is a prominent adsorbent for removing hazardous chemicals, and abundant natural resources allow the production of activated carbon utilizing various sources of biomass. This study aims to investigate the capacity of carbon prepared from Coffea arabica grounds waste in adsorbing methanal. The carbon from used coffee grounds was activated using ZnCl2 30% in a microwave at 800 Watt for 10 minutes. The characteristics of activated carbon investigated include moisture content (1.47%), ash content (4.74%), and iodine number (803.7 mg/g). The study of methanal adsorption was carried out under the following conditions: adsorbent mass (gram) (0.5, 1, and 1.5), contact time (minute) (20, 50, and 80), methanal concentration (ppm) (5, 10, and 15), and pH (2, 5 and 8). The optimum conditions for adsorption were studied using a central composite design (CCD), and the data were analyzed using Minitab 16 software. The adsorption was optimally achieved at 1.50 grams of adsorbent, 58.18 minutes of contact time, 10.15 ppm of methanal concentration, and pH of 2. The percent of adsorption of methanal at optimum conditions was 54.31%. The adsorption of methanal by activated carbon from Coffea arabica ground waste fit best with the Freundlich isotherm model (R² = 0.9918), indicating multilayer adsorption