bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A single cell RNAseq benchmark experiment embedding “controlled” cancer heterogeneity
Authors: Arigoni Maddalena , Ratto Maria Luisa , Riccardo Federica , Balmas Elisa , Calogero Lorenzo , Cordero Francesca , Beccuti Marco , Calogero Raffaele A. , Alessandri Luca
Published: February 2024

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a vital tool in tumour research, enabling the exploration of molecular complexities at the individual cell level. It offers new technical possibilities for advancing tumour research with the potential to yield significant breakthroughs. However, deciphering meaningful insights from scRNA-seq data poses challenges, particularly in cell annotation and tumour subpopulation identification. Efficient algorithms are therefore needed to unravel the intricate biological processes of cancer. To address these challenges, benchmarking datasets are essential to validate bioinformatics methodologies for analysing single-cell omics in oncology. Here, we present a 10XGenomics scRNA-seq experiment, providing a controlled heterogeneous environment using lung cancer cell lines characterised by the expression of seven different driver genes (EGFR, ALK, MET, ERBB2, KRAS, BRAF, ROS1), leading to partially overlapping functional pathways. Our dataset provides a comprehensive framework for the development and validation of methodologies for analysing cancer heterogeneity by means of scRNA-seq.
The comparison of species diversity and abundance of insect natural enemies in the domesticated species of cotton using the yellow pan trap method
Authors: Tenguri Prabhulinga , Kranthi Sandhya , Naik Chinna Babu , Mari Amutha , Kumar Rishi , Suke Ruchika , Nagrare Vishlesh Shankar , Narkhedkar Nandini Gokte , Waghmare Vijay Namdeo , Prasad Yenumula Gerard
Published: February 2024

India is the world’s largest cotton producer and the only country that grows all four cultivated cotton species. There have been very few studies on the diversity and abundance of natural enemies of cotton insect pests in these cultivated cotton species. Therefore, the current study (2016–2018) was conducted to assess the diversity and abundance of natural enemies that cultivated cotton species harbour. Phule Dhanwantari, Suraj, Suvin, RCH-2, and DCH-32 were the five genotypes used in the study, each with a distinct genetic background. Using the adiv 2.0.1 and vegan R packages, we identified significant differences in natural enemies in terms of species diversity, richness, evenness, and abundance. Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) and Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) indicated substantial differences in the natural enemy community structure among the examined genotypes. A total of 17,279 natural enemies were collected and identified across genotypes from seven predatory families and five parasitoid families. The percentage share of these natural enemy families across genotypes and years, in descending order, is Coccinellidae (28.23%) < Tachinidae (19.23%) < Braconidae (12.68%) < Chrysopidae (11.65%) < Chalcididae (9.41%) < Aphelinidae (6.33%) < Pentatomidae (3.29%) < Ichneumonidae (2.37%) < Syrphidae (2.33%) < Vespidae (1.81%) < Asilidae (1.79%) < Geocoridae (0.89%). Coccinellidae, Tachinidae, Braconidae, Chrysopidae, Chalcididae, and Aphelinidae are the six major families that account for more than 85% of all recorded natural enemies. These six families have a higher percentage share in Phule Dhanwantary (90%) compared to the other genotypes. The conservation and better utilization of these natural enemies are crucial for the ecological and safe management of insect pests in the cotton ecosystem.
Extending deterministic transport capabilities for very-high and ultra-high energy electron beams
Authors: Naceur Ahmed , Bienvenue Charles , Romano Paul , Chilian Cornelia , Carrier Jean-François
Published: February 2024

Focused Very-High Energy Electron (VHEE, 50–300 MeV) and Ultra-High Energy Electron (UHEE, > 300 MeV) beams can accurately target both large and deeply seated human tumors with high sparing properties, while avoiding the spatial requirements and cost of proton and heavy ion facilities. Advanced testing phases are underway at the CLEAR facilities at CERN (Switzerland), NLCTA at Stanford (USA), and SPARC at INFN (Italy), aiming to accelerate the transition to clinical application. Currently, Monte Carlo (MC) transport is the sole paradigm supporting preclinical trials and imminent clinical deployment. In this paper, we propose an alternative: the first extension of the nuclear-reactor deterministic chainNjoy-Dragonfor VHEE and UHEE applications. We have extended the Boltzmann-Fokker-Planck (BFP) multigroup formalism and validated it using standard radio-oncology benchmarks, complex assemblies with a wide range of atomic numbers, and comprehensive irradiation of the entire periodic table. We report that$$99\%$$99%of water voxels exhibit a BFP-MC deviation below$$2\%$$2%for electron energies under$$\text{1.5 GeV}$$1.5 GeV. Additionally, we demonstrate that at least$$97\%$$97%of voxels of bone, lung, adipose tissue, muscle, soft tissue, tumor, steel, and aluminum meet the same criterion between$$\text{50 MeV}$$50 MeVand$$\text{1.5 GeV}$$1.5 GeV. For water, the thorax, and the breast intra-operative benchmark, typical average BFP-MC deviations of$$0.3\%$$0.3%and$$0.4\%$$0.4%were observed at$$\text{300 MeV}$$300 MeVand$$\text{1 GeV}$$1 GeV, respectively. By irradiating the entire periodic table, we observed similar performance between lithium ($$Z=3$$Z=3) and cerium ($$Z=58$$Z=58). Deficiencies observed between praseodymium ($$Z=59$$Z=59) and einsteinium ($$Z=99$$Z=99) have been reported, analyzed, and quantified, offering critical insights for the ongoing development of the Evaluated Nuclear Data File mode inNjoy.
Increased prevalence of erythema multiforme in patients with COVID-19 infection or vaccination
Authors: Saleh Wafaa , Alharbi Hamad , Cha Seunghee
Published: February 2024

Several reports stated that erythema multiforme (EM) was associated with COVID-19 with detrimental outcomes in patients. However, since most of these are case reports, it is challenging to quantitively assess their associations. Therefore, our study aims to determine the prevalence of EM in the context of COVID-19. The study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional hospital-based study of registered patients at the University of Florida Health Hospital. The ICD-10 codes for EM, COVID-19 infection, and COVID-19 vaccines were searched in the database. The odds ratio was calculated to assess the risk of EM after COVID-19 infection or vaccination. Our study included 43,547 patients with a history of COVID-19 infection, of whom 92 developed EM. Patients with COVID-19 infection were 6.68 times more likely to have EM than those without COVID-19 (P < 0.0001). Similarly, the risk of developing EM after COVID-19 vaccination was 2.7, significantly higher than the general population (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of EM following COVID-19 infection or vaccination significantly differs from the general population, highlighting the importance of monitoring patients for EM after COVID-19 infection and/or vaccination. It is imperative to disseminate awareness to clinicians and patients regarding the impact of COVID-19 on EM.
Atypical brain lateralization for speech processing at the sublexical level in autistic children revealed by fNIRS
Authors: Lai Baojun , Yi Aiwen , Zhang Fen , Wang Suiping , Xin Jing , Li Suping , Yu Luodi
Published: February 2024

Autistic children often exhibit atypical brain lateralization of language processing, but it is unclear what aspects of language contribute to this phenomenon. This study employed functional near-infrared spectroscopy to measure hemispheric lateralization by estimating hemodynamic responses associated with processing linguistic and non-linguistic auditory stimuli. The study involved a group of autistic children (N = 20, mean age = 5.8 years) and a comparison group of nonautistic peers (N = 20, mean age = 6.5 years). The children were presented with stimuli with systematically decreasing linguistic relevance: naturalistic native speech, meaningless native speech with scrambled word order, nonnative speech, and music. The results revealed that both groups showed left lateralization in the temporal lobe when listening to naturalistic native speech. However, the distinction emerged between autism and nonautistic in terms of processing the linguistic hierarchy. Specifically, the nonautistic comparison group demonstrated a systematic reduction in left lateralization as linguistic relevance decreased. In contrast, the autism group displayed no such pattern and showed no lateralization when listening to scrambled native speech accompanied by enhanced response in the right hemisphere. These results provide evidence of atypical neural specialization for spoken language in preschool- and school-age autistic children and shed new light on the underlying linguistic correlates contributing to such atypicality at the sublexical level.
Influences of lumbo-sacral transitional vertebrae for anterior lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Becker Luis , Mihalache Tim Victor , Schmidt Hendrik , Putzier Michael , Pumberger Matthias , Schömig Friederike
Published: February 2024

Lumbo-sacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) are frequent congenital variances of the spine and are associated with increased spinal degeneration. Nevertheless, there is a lack of data whether bony alterations associated with LSTV result in reduced segmental restoration of lordosis when performing ALIF. 58 patients with monosegmental stand-alone ALIF in the spinal segment between the 24th and 25th vertebra (L5/S1)/(L5/L6) where included. Of these, 17 patients had LSTV and were matched to a control population by age and sex. Pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sagittal vertical axis, lumbar lordosis, segmental lordosis, disc height and depth were compared. LSTV-patients had a significantly reduced segmental lordosis L4/5 (p = 0.028) and L5/S1/(L5/L6) (p = 0.041) preoperatively. ALIF resulted in a significant increase in segmental lordosis L5/S1 (p < 0.001). Postoperatively, the preoperatively reduced segmental lordosis was no longer significantly different in segments L4/5 (p = 0.349) and L5/S1/(L5/6) (p = 0.576). ALIF is associated with a significant increase in segmental lordosis in the treated segment even in patients with LSTV. Therefore, ALIF is a sufficient intervention for restoring the segmental lordosis in these patients as well.
Calreticulin and JAK2V617F driver mutations induce distinct mitotic defects in myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Holl Kristin , Chatain Nicolas , Krapp Susanne , Baumeister Julian , Maié Tiago , Schmitz Sarah , Scheufen Anja , Brock Nathalie , Koschmieder Steffen , Moreno-Andrés Daniel
Published: February 2024

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) encompass a diverse group of hematologic disorders driven by mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL. The prevailing working model explaining how these driver mutations induce different disease phenotypes is based on the decisive influence of the cellular microenvironment and the acquisition of additional mutations. Here, we report increased levels of chromatin segregation errors in hematopoietic cells stably expressing CALRdel52 or JAK2V617F mutations. Our investigations employing murine 32DMPL and human erythroleukemic TF-1MPL cells demonstrate a link between CALRdel52 or JAK2V617F expression and a compromised spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), a phenomenon contributing to error-prone mitosis. This defective SAC is associated with imbalances in the recruitment of SAC factors to mitotic kinetochores upon CALRdel52 or JAK2V617F expression. We show that JAK2 mutant CD34 + MPN patient-derived cells exhibit reduced expression of the master mitotic regulators PLK1, aurora kinase B, and PP2A catalytic subunit. Furthermore, the expression profile of mitotic regulators in CD34 + patient-derived cells allows to faithfully distinguish patients from healthy controls, as well as to differentiate primary and secondary myelofibrosis from essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera. Altogether, our data suggest alterations in mitotic regulation as a potential driver in the pathogenesis in MPN.
Exploring the causal relationship between B lymphocytes and Parkinson’s disease: a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Song Jia , Qin Yidan , Wang Lin , Quan Wei , Xu Jing , Li Jia , Chen Jiajun
Published: February 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with extensive involvement of motor symptoms, imposing a heavy economic burden on patients and society. B lymphocytes, a group of immune cells associated with humoral immunity, have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of PD. However, the causal relationship and potential pathogenic effects of B cell in PD remain unclear. Based on the three core hypotheses of the Mendelian randomization (MR) study, we explored causal associations between 190 B-cell immunological traits and 482,730 European individuals (Ncase = 33,674, Ncontrol = 449,056) from genome wide association studies by means of the two-sample bidirectional MR method. The inverse‑variance weighted method was selected as the main approach when conducting MR analysis. Finally, the results were verified by the heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy analyses. Five B-cell immunological phenotypes were nominally associated with PD at the significance threshold of P < 0.05. Concretely, IgD + CD38− B cell %lymphocyte (OR 1.052, 95% CI 1.001–1.106, P = 0.046), CD20 on IgD− CD24− B cell (OR 1.060, 95% CI 1.005–1.117, P = 0.032), CD38 on IgD+ CD24− B cell (OR 1.113, 95% CI 1.028–1.206, P = 0.009), and BAFF-R on CD20− B cell (OR 1.093, 95% CI 1.010–1.184, P = 0.027) were identified as risk factors for PD. Instead, CD38 on Plasma Blast-Plasma Cell (OR 0.894, 95% CI 0.802–0.996, P = 0.043) was proved to be protective. However, there is no statistically significant correlation between B cell and PD after Bonferroni correction. The results of reverse MR were negative, avoiding the reverse causal effects. Eventually, the association results were identified as stable across several sensitivity analyses. Briefly, our study might demonstrate the key factor of B cells in PD. Further studies are warranted to clarify the associations for early identification and immunotherapeutic development in PD patients.
The significance of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor analysis in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Alster Piotr , Otto-Ślusarczyk Dagmara , Szlufik Stanisław , Duszyńska-Wąs Karolina , Drzewińska Agnieszka , Wiercińska-Drapało Alicja , Struga Marta , Kutyłowski Michał , Friedman Andrzej , Madetko-Alster Natalia
Published: February 2024

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is an atypical parkinsonism. Major subtypes of the disease: PSP-Richardson’s Syndrome (PSP-RS) and PSP Parkinsonism Predominant (PSP-P) vary in clinical features, the pathomechanism remains unexplored. The aim of this work is to analyze the relevance of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) evaluation in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in PSP subtypes and to verify its significance as a possible factor in the in vivo examination. Authors assessed the concentration of GDNF in the serum and CSF of 12 patients with PSP-RS, 12 with PSP-P and 12 controls. Additionally authors evaluated patients using Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale—III part (UPDRS-III), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The evaluation revealed significantly increased concentrations of GDNF in the CSF among PSP-RS patients and substantially increased concentrations of GDNF in the serum in PSP-P. Though the GDNF concentrations differentiated PSP subtypes, no correlations between with clinical factors were observed however certain correlations with atrophic changes in MRI were detected. GDNF is a factor which may impact the pathogenesis of PSP. Possible implementation of GDNF as a therapeutic factor could be a perspective in the search for therapy in this currently incurable disease.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of serum total testosterone and luteinizing hormone variations across hospitalized Covid-19 patients
Authors: Salciccia Stefano , Moriconi Martina , Asero Vincenzo , Canale Vittorio , Eisenberg Michael L. , Glover Frank , Belladelli Federico , Seranio Nicolas , Basran Satvir , De Berardinis Ettore , Di Pierro Giovanni , Ricciuti Gian Piero , Chung Benjamin I. , Sciarra Alessandro , Del Giudice Francesco
Published: February 2024

A growing body of evidence suggests the role of male hypogonadism as a possible harbinger for poor clinical outcomes across hospitalized Covid-19 patients. Accordingly, we sought to investigate the impact of dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal axis on the severity of the clinical manifestations for hospitalized Covid-19 patients matched with healthy controls through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Databases were searched from inception to March 2022. A standardized mean difference (SMD) meta-analysis focused on hospitalized Covid-19 patients and healthy controls was developed for studies who reported total testosterone (TT) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels at hospital admission. Overall, n = 18 series with n = 1575 patients between 2020 and 2022 were reviewed. A significant decrease in SMD of TT levels in Covid-19 patients compared to paired controls was observed (− 3.25 nmol/L, 95%CI − 0.57 and − 5.93). This reduction was even more consistent when matching severe Covid-19 patients with controls (− 5.04 nmol/L, 95%CI − 1.26 and − 8.82) but similar for Covid-19 survivors and non-survivors (− 3.04 nmol/L, 95%CI − 2.04 and − 4.05). No significant variation was observed for serum LH levels across studies. Patient related comorbidities, year of the pandemic, and total lymphocyte count were associated with the observed estimates. TT levels may be a useful serum marker of poor outcomes among Covid-19 patients. These findings may support the development of ad-hoc clinical trials in the Covid-19 risk-group classification and subsequent disease monitoring. The interplay between TT and immune response should be evaluated in future researches.
Responsive Polymeric Materials: Advances in Membrane-based Technologies for Water Treatment Processes
Authors: Cruz-Tato Perla , Rodríguez-Rolón Alondra S. , Pazol Jessika , Nicolau Eduardo
Published: February 2024

Owing to their tunable separation selectivity, membrane-based technologies are considered state-of-the-art for water treatment processes. Although these technologies have found practical applications, most are chemical or energy intensive. Thus, there is increasing effort to develop new materials that minimize the chemical and energetic input while extending the membrane lifespan and enhancing its performance. In this context, using responsive materials arises as a feasible alternative. Responsive materials adapt their physicochemical properties in response to changes in the surrounding environment. Responsive polymeric membranes have been developed to respond to changes in pH, temperature, ionic strength, and moisture. Catalytic membranes, another type of responsive membrane, employ catalytic routes to selectively degrade/convert a specific kind of foulant. Amongst all the possibilities, electro-, photo-, and biocatalytic membranes have been proposed where catalysis occurs once the membrane is in contact with the target molecule or exposed to an external stimulus. This chapter addresses recent advances in the development of responsive polymeric membranes for water treatment applications. The discussion is complemented with a summary of recent designs, proposed mechanisms, operating principles, and critical advantages and disadvantages of different responsive materials used for membrane-based technologies. Finally, the challenges and future directions in the field are discussed.
Textile Azo Dye Removal Using a Quaternary Ammonium Anion Exchanger Prepared From Sugarcane Bagasse
Authors: Tanure Natália Roberta Marques , Soares Liliane Catone , Maia Luisa Cardoso , Elias Megg Madonyk Cota , Xavier Amália Luísa Pedrosa , Adarme Oscar Fernando Herrera , Ferreira Guilherme Max Dias , de Azevedo Eduardo Ribeiro , da Silva Luis Henrique Mendes , Gurgel Leandro Vinícius Alves
Published: February 2024

Water contamination with textile dyes is still a prominent environmental challenge today. Sugarcane bagasse (SB) is the largest agro-industrial residue in Brazil, and a chemical modification can transform it into a value-added by-product. This study investigated the adsorption of remazol golden yellow (RGY) RNL on chemically modified SB (STEA) with epichlorohydrin and triethylamine. STEA was characterized by elemental C, H, N, and Cl analysis, 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and specific surface area and pore size distribution. The batch kinetics and isotherm were modelled with the intraparticle diffusion, Boyd, and homogeneous surface diffusion models and Langmuir, Redlich–Peterson, and Dubinin–Radushkevich models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of RGY on STEA was 369.2 mg g−1. The interactions between RGY molecules and STEA sites were investigated by infrared spectroscopy. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption of RGY on STEA was an exothermic (ΔadsH° = −12 ± 5 kJ mol−1), spontaneous (ΔadsG° = −31 ± 3 kJ mol−1), and entropically driven (TΔadsS° = 19 ± 7 kJ mol−1) process. The fixed-bed column packed with STEA was operated for 415, 390, and 315 min in each consecutive cycle, with adsorption capacities of 422, 371, and 332 mg g−1, respectively. Desorption efficiencies ranged between 59 and 72% and re-adsorption efficiencies ranged from 79 to 88%.
Hollow Ni3S4@Co3S4 with core–satellite nanostructure derived from metal–organic framework (MOF)-on-MOF hybrids as an electrode material for supercapacitors
Authors: Xu Jiaxi , Guo Hao , Wang Mingyue , Hao Yanrui , Tian Jiaying , Ren Henglong , Liu Yinsheng , Ren Borong , Yang Wu
Published: February 2024

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have found wide applications in the field of supercapacitors due to their highly controllable porous structure, enormous specific surface area, and abundant chemical functional groups.
Impact of selenization with NaCl treatment on the physical properties and solar cell performance of crack-free Cu(In,Ga)Se2 microcrystal absorbers
Authors: Marasamy Latha , Rasu Chettiar Aruna-Devi , Manisekaran Ravichandran , Linda Evangeline , Rahman Md Ferdous , Hossain M. Khalid , Pérez García Claudia Elena , Santos-Cruz José , Subramaniam Velumani , de Moure Flores Francisco
Published: February 2024

We developed an ink using hexanethiol and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 microcrystals (CIGSe MCs) and achieved a crack-free solar cell absorber.
In situ fabrication of lanthanum-doped nickel oxide nanostructures using sol–gel for the degradation of rhodamine B
Authors: Ali Furqan , Nazir Asma , Sandhu Zeshan Ali , Mehmood Arslan , Raza Muhammad Asam , Hamayun Muhammad , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G.
Published: February 2024

Various characteristics of pure and La-doped NiO nanostructures were explored with XRD, SEM, EDX, UV-visible, and PL spectroscopy. The 3 wt% La doped NiO sample demonstrates an 84% degradation efficiency with inherent stability showing both effective pollutant removal and sustained performance.
Role of the thiosugar ring in the inhibitory activity of salacinol, a potent natural α-glucosidase inhibitor
Authors: Takashima Katsuki , Nakamura Shinya , Nagayama Maiko , Marumoto Shinsuke , Ishikawa Fumihiro , Xie Weijia , Nakanishi Isao , Muraoka Osamu , Morikawa Toshio , Tanabe Genzoh
Published: February 2024

In contrast to previous SAR studies of aza-compounds (23vs.24 and 25), the present study using analogues (26a–26c, 27c, and 28a–28c) of salacinol (1) revealed an essential role of the thiosugar ring in effectively inhibiting α-glucosidase.
Planning and evaluating chemistry outreach: a case study of one collegiate group's approach
Authors: Pratt Justin M. , Chan - Chao Rebecca , Cole Merryn
Published: February 2024

Chemistry outreach, a type of informal science education commonly practiced by college students, has primarily been studied by looking at individuals' approaches and perspectives. However, it is much more common for college students to plan and conduct chemistry outreach events as part of a group/club/chapter, not independently. In this case study, we looked at the planning and evaluation processes for a single student group conducting a chemistry outreach event. Using pre- and post-outreach event focus groups, we sought to understand how the group was structured and how they collectively planned and implemented their outreach event. Using the Framework for Effective Chemistry Communication and Communities of Practice, we identified the steps the group took to plan, implement, and evaluate their event, as well as the group's structure and member dynamics. Findings showed a misalignment between goals used to plan the outreach event, and those evaluated when reflecting on the event's success. Additionally, the Communities of Practice framework was able to highlight the membership structure underlying the group's planning process, as well as areas for growth and improvement. Overall, findings provide further support that collegiate chemistry organizations/student groups need more resources and training to successfully conduct chemistry outreach.
Na-site coordination environment regulation of Mn-based phosphate cathodes for sodium-ion batteries with elevated working voltage and energy density
Authors: Wang Kairong , Gao Chenxi , Tu Jian , Guo Kunkun , Ding Yuan-Li
Published: February 2024

The Na-site coordination environment of the Na4MnV(PO4)3 cathode is regulated for the first time for largely improving electrochemical properties via K+ doping.
Enhancement effect of oxygen vacancy on photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Yang Qiang , Wang Yunyi , Tian Qingwen , Li Xiang , Pan Aixiang , Zhao Mengke , Zhu Yawei , Wu Ting , Fang Guigan
Published: February 2024

BiOBr was manufactured with various concentrations of oxygen vacancies via a solvothermal method using various alcohols as reducing agents.
Insights into the time-course cellular effects triggered by iron oxide nanoparticles by combining proteomics with the traditional pharmacology strategy
Authors: Meng Yuqing , Liu Yanqing , Zhu Yongping , Qiu Chong , Ma Ang , Liu Dandan , Zhang Shujie , Gu Liwei , Zhang Junzhe , Wang Jigang
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the time-course cellular effects on the response of RAW 264.7 cells caused by Si-IONPs via pharmacological and mass spectrometry-based proteomics techniques.
C(sp2)–H selenylation of substituted benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles using phenyliodine(iii)bis(trifluoroacetate) as a mediator
Authors: Ghosh Prasanjit , Chhetri Gautam , Mandal Anirban , Chen Yu , Hersh William H. , Das Sajal
Published: February 2024

A metal-free regioselective C–H selenylation of substituted benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles is devised to prepare structurally diverse selenoether derivatives in good to excellent yields. The reaction is scalable and follows radical pathways.
Swift Prosodic Modulation of Lexical Access: Brain Potentials From Three North Germanic Language Varieties
Authors: Hjortdal Anna , Frid Johan , Novén Mikael , Roll Mikael
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

According to most models of spoken word recognition, listeners probabilistically activate a set of lexical candidates, which is incrementally updated as the speech signal unfolds. Speech carries segmental (speech sound) as well as suprasegmental (prosodic) information. The role of the latter in spoken word recognition is less clear. We investigated how suprasegments (tone and voice quality) in three North Germanic language varieties affected lexical access by scrutinizing temporally fine-grained neurophysiological effects of lexical uncertainty and information gain.

Method:

Three event-related potential (ERP) studies were reanalyzed. In all varieties investigated, suprasegments are associated with specific word endings. Swedish has two lexical “word accents” realized as pitch falls with different timings across dialects. In Danish, the distinction is in voice quality. We combined pronunciation lexica and frequency lists to calculate estimates of lexical uncertainty about an unfolding word and information gain upon hearing a suprasegmental cue and the segment upon which it manifests. We used single-trial mixed-effects regression models run every 4 ms.

Results:

Only lexical uncertainty showed solid results: a frontal effect at 150–400 ms after suprasegmental cue onset and a later posterior effect after 200 ms. While a model including only segmental information mostly performed better, it was outperformed by the suprasegmental model at 200–330 ms at frontal sites.

Conclusions:

The study points to suprasegmental cues contributing to lexical access over and beyond segments after around 200 ms in the North Germanic varieties investigated. Furthermore, the findings indicate that a previously reported “pre-activation negativity” predominantly reflects forward-looking processing.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25016486
The Utah Gender Presentation Scale for Communication: Development and Validation of a Measure of Voice-Related Gender Incongruence
Authors: Myers Brett R. , Pierce Jenny L. , Mathy Pamela
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a patient-reported outcome measure for gender incongruence specific to voice and communication parameters, including pitch, intonation, resonance, loudness, speech smoothness, speech clarity, word choice, facial expression, gesture, and posture.

Method:

The Utah Gender Presentation Scale for Communication (U-GPS) includes 10 items, each on a 10-point scale from masculine to feminine. Items were selected based on literature review and patient focus groups. During test administration, respondents provide their current rating and goal rating for each item. The difference between these scores is used to calculate an overall incongruence score. Prospective data from transgender and gender-diverse (
n
= 155) and cisgender (
n
= 69) individuals were then used for a multiparametric psychometric evaluation of the measure.

Results:

Findings demonstrate excellent levels of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha for current scores: α = .943; Cronbach's alpha for goal scores: α = .970), test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = .905), longitudinal validity (improvement in therapy for trans women:
F
= 293.0,
p
< .001; nonbinary folx:
F
= 80.9,
p
< .001), concurrent validity (correlation with the Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire:
r
= .51,
p
< .001), and known-group expectations (differences among five gender groups:
F
= 82.7,
p
< .001).

Conclusion:

The U-GPS is a meaningful measure of voice-related gender incongruence, which is clinically relevant for assessing goals in gender-affirming voice and communication therapy for individuals across the gender spectrum.
The Impact of Morphological Intervention on Literacy Knowledge and Reading Motivation: A Cluster-Randomized Comparison Trial in Diverse Socioeconomic Status Kindergartens
Authors: Vaknin-Nusbaum Vered , Nevo Einat
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

This study investigated the effectiveness of a storytelling-based morphological intervention program on the language and literacy knowledge and reading motivation of kindergarten children from low and mid socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds. It also explored how these groups compared in change scores against a non-intervened high SES group.

Method:

Employing a cluster randomization approach, this study included 158 kindergarten children, comprising intervention and comparison groups from low and mid SES backgrounds, as well as a non-intervened high SES group. Assessments were conducted on morphological awareness (MA), print concepts, vocabulary, and reading motivation.

Results:

Children in the intervention groups showed better performance in MA and print concept scores than those in their respective comparison groups. The mid SES intervention group also displayed significant improvement in vocabulary and motivation scores compared to its counterpart. When examining the effects of SES on change scores, the low SES intervention group achieved superior results in vocabulary and print concept scores compared to both the mid SES intervention and the non-intervened high SES groups. For reading motivation, the mid SES group outperformed the low SES group.

Conclusions:

The morphological intervention program using storytelling positively impacts both the literacy skills and reading motivation of kindergarten children, especially those from low and mid SES backgrounds. This study emphasizes the significance of designing interventions that cater to the distinct educational needs of children from different SES backgrounds.
A practical ball‐grid‐array transition modelling methodology for accurate and fast multi‐interposer package simulation
Authors: Tang Lei , Li Kangrong , Zhou Xingshe , Yang Qiao , Pan Penghui
Published: February 2024

An equivalent circuit modelling methodology for the ball‐grid‐array (BGA) transition is proposed and validated with full‐wave electromagnetic simulation and measurement results. The BGA transitions modelled with the proposed methodology are validated to have a good accuracy up to 40 GHz. Unlike the existing BGA modelling methodologies which cannot model the BGA transition with short transmission lines within the anti‐pad region, the proposed methodology is developed from the practical BGA modelling scenario and models the irregular‐shape solder pads with transmission lines within the anti‐pad region. The BGA transitions modelled with the proposed methodology can be used for accurate and fast signal integrity simulations, analyses, and optimizations on 2.5D and 3D packaging. Additionally, factors impacting the accuracy of the equivalent circuit model are revealed by the proposed methodology.
Teegarden’s Star revisited
Authors: Dreizler S. , Luque R. , Ribas I. , Koseleva V. , Ruh H. L. , Nagel E. , Pozuelos F. J. , Zechmeister M. , Reiners A. , Caballero J. A. , Amado P. J. , Béjar V. J. S. , Bean J. L. , Brady M. , Cifuentes C. , Gillon M. , Hatzes A. P. , Henning Th. , Kasper D. , Montes D. , Morales J. C. , Murray C. A. , Pallé E. , Quirrenbach A. , Seifahrt A. , Schweitzer A. , Stürmer J. , Stefánsson G. , Linares J. I. Vico
Published: February 2024

The two known planets in the planetary system of Teegarden’s Star are among the most Earth-like exoplanets currently known. Revisiting this nearby planetary system with two planets in the habitable zone aims at a more complete census of planets around very low-mass stars. A significant number of new radial velocity measurements from CARMENES, ESPRESSO, MAROON-X, and HPF, as well as photometry from TESS motivated a deeper search for additional planets. We confirm and refine the orbital parameters of the two know planets Teegarden’s Star b and c. We also report the detection of a third planet d with an orbital period of 26.13 ± 0.04 days and a minimum mass of 0.82 ± 0.17 M⊕. A signal at 96 days is attributed to the stellar rotation period. The interpretation of a signal at 172 days remains open. The TESS data exclude transiting short-period planets down to about half an Earth radius. We compare the planetary system architecture of very low-mass stars. In the currently known configuration, the planetary system of Teegarden’s star is dynamically quite different from that of TRAPPIST-1, which is more compact, but dynamically similar to others such as GJ 1002.
Radial velocities from Gaia BP/RP spectra
Authors: Verberne Sill , Koposov Sergey E. , Rossi Elena Maria , Marchetti Tommaso , Kuijken Konrad , Penoyre Zephyr
Published: February 2024

Aims. The Gaia mission has provided us full astrometric solutions for over 1.5B sources. However, only the brightest 34M of them have radial velocity measurements. This paper aims to close that gap by obtaining radial velocity estimates from the low-resolution BP/RP spectra that Gaia now provides. These spectra are currently published for about 220M sources, with this number to increase to the full ~2B Gaia sources with Gαία Data Release 4.

Methods. To obtain the radial velocity measurements, we fitted Gaia BP/RP spectra with models based on a grid of synthetic spectra. From this we obtained the posterior probability on the radial velocity for each object. Our measured velocities show systematic biases that depend mainly on the colours and magnitudes of stars. We corrected for these effects by using external catalogues of radial velocity measurements.

Results. We present a catalogue of about 6.4M sources with our most reliable radial velocity measurements and uncertainties of <300 km s−1 obtained from BP/RP spectra. About 23% of them have no radial velocity measurement from the Gaia RVS. Furthermore, we provide an extended catalogue that contains all 125M sources for which we were able to obtain radial velocity measurements. This catalogue, however, also contains a fraction of measurements for which the reported radial velocities and uncertainties are inaccurate.

Conclusions. Although typical uncertainties in the catalogue are significantly higher compared to those obtained with precision spec-troscopy instruments, the number of potential sources to which this method can be applied is orders of magnitude higher than any previous radial velocity catalogue. Further development of the analysis could therefore prove extremely valuable in our understanding of Galactic dynamics.
Study of solar brightness profiles in the 18–26 GHz frequency range with INAF radio telescopes
Authors: Marongiu M. , Pellizzoni A. , Mulas S. , Righini S. , Nesti R. , Murtas G. , Egron E. , Iacolina M. N. , Melis A. , Valente G. , Serra G. , Guglielmino S. L. , Zanichelli A. , Romano P. , Loru S. , Bachetti M. , Bemporad A. , Buffa F. , Concu R. , Deiana G. L. , Karakotia C. , Ladu A. , Maccaferri A. , Marongiu P. , Messerotti M. , Navarrini A. , Orfei A. , Ortu P. , Pili M. , Pisanu T. , Pupillo G. , Saba A. , Schirru L. , Tiburzi C. , Zucca P.
Published: February 2024

Context. The Sun is an extraordinary workbench, on which several fundamental astronomical parameters can be measured with high precision. Among these parameters, the solar radius R⊙ plays an important role in several aspects, for instance, in evolutionary models. Moreover, it conveys information about the structure of the different layers that compose the solar interior and its atmosphere. Despite the efforts to obtain accurate measurements of R⊙, the subject is still debated, and measurements are puzzling and/or lacking in many frequency ranges.

Aims. We determine the mean, equatorial, and polar radii of the Sun (Rc, Req, and Rpol) in the frequency range 18.1 − 26.1 GHz. We employed single-dish observations from the newly appointed Medicina Gavril Grueff Radio Telescope and the Sardinia Radio Telescope (SRT) in five years, from 2018 to mid-2023, in the framework of the SunDish project for solar monitoring.

Methods. Two methods for calculating the radius at radio frequencies were employed and compared: the half-power, and the inflection point. To assess the quality of our radius determinations, we also analysed the possible degrading effects of the antenna beam pattern on our solar maps using two 2D models (ECB and 2GECB). We carried out a correlation analysis with the evolution of the solar cycle by calculating Pearson’s correlation coefficient ρ in the 13-month running means.

Results. We obtained several values for the solar radius, ranging between 959 and 994 arcsec, and ρ, with typical errors of a few arcseconds. These values constrain the correlation between the solar radius and solar activity, and they allow us to estimate the level of solar prolatness in the centimeter frequency range.

Conclusions. Our R⊙ measurements are consistent with the values reported in the literature, and they provide refined estimates in the centimeter range. The results suggest a weak prolateness of the solar limb (Req > Rpol), although Req and Rpol are statistically compatible within 3σ errors. The correlation analysis using the solar images from the Grueff Radio Telescope shows (1) a positive correlation between solar activity and the temporal variation in Rc (and Req) at all observing frequencies, and (2) a weak anti-correlation between the temporal variation of Rpol and solar activity at 25.8 GHz.
Searching for pairs of actively accreting supermassive black holes in the Gaia FPR GravLens catalog
Authors: Mahé C. , Slezak E. , Galluccio L.
Published: February 2024

Observational data on dual supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are scarce, even though they should be common according to the current hierarchical formation model for galaxies. We present hereby a method to detect such dual systems, involving an already known quasar, as two luminosity peaks with angular separations smaller than one arcsecond (1″). It is based on the analysis of the spatial distribution of the Gaia data delivered in the Focused Product Release (FPR), that published for the first time detections made by Gaia at the epoch level. This approach relies on the selection of elongated spatial distributions of epoch measurements, due to two clumps of detections, checked against images coming from the PanSTARRS1 and 2MASS surveys. We have analyzed the 3.8 million of quasars flagged as single in the Gaia FPR extra-galactic table and we currently end up with only 8 dual AGN candidates, applying very conservative thresholds. G-band magnitude of each of the two luminosity peaks is provided for these candidates. The mean value of the angular separation between these two components is found to be equal to 0.3″. This demonstrates the ability of Gaia epoch data to detect previously unknown dual sources, which might be compact dual AGN.
Effectivity of anaerobic deposition reactor (ADR) based on sulphate reducing bacteria for laboratorium wastewater treatment
Authors: Suyasa Wayan Budiarsa
Published: February 2024

Laboratory wastewater is classified as hazardous waste that is disposed of into the environment and will be very risky to environmental health. In this study, the use of a consortium of Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) was studied which was grown simply in an anaerobic column. SRB suspension was applied to the prototype anaerobic bioreactor to treat of laboratory wastewater with containing heavy metals and acidic. SRB was grown in medium of fermented compost and Postgate’s B. This research formulated that the SRB solution nursery as the optimal bioreactor activator after 15 days with the composition of the growth medium consisting of Postgate B solution (65%), Fermented compost liquid (30%) and active suspension liquid (5%), with a total population of cell colonies reaching 1.2 x 105 CFU/mL. The bioreactor requires an adjustment process for 15 days, after which the sulphate and heavy metal ion reduction process occurs significantly, and is effective with the combination of fermented compost content with the right Postgate solution, and a bioreactor with 30% compost fermented effective in reducing Pb metal ions, but for Cu and Fe metal ions were only effective after 7 days of adjustment.
Implementation of vacuum distillation system at PPLi: A case study on high-concentrated waste treatment and water recycling
Authors: Fitriyani Lely , Firdaus Muhammad Yusuf , Elpido  , Yurnalisdel
Published: February 2024

This case study presents the successful implementation of a vacuum distillation system at PPLi for treatment of high-concentrated waste, with a focus on water recycling. The vacuum distillation unit employs advanced thermal heating and evaporation processes, facilitated by reduced pressure, to effectively separate contaminants from the waste stream. Operational parameters, including waste type, feed rate, temperature settings, and vacuum level, were meticulously optimized to achieve optimal treatment efficiency. The study conducted experimental trials over six months, rigorously monitoring and analyzing the treated water quality for chemical composition, total dissolved solids (TDS), and other relevant parameters. Results showed a remarkable reduction in TDS and chemical contaminants, ensuring compliance with stringent regulatory standards. Additionally, the case study explored potential reuse and recovery options for the separated concentrated waste. Laboratory tests examined the feasibility of utilizing the waste residues for energy generation or as raw materials for other processes. The successful implementation of the vacuum distillation system at PPLi underscores its practicality and effectiveness in treating high-concentrated waste while facilitating water recycling. This achievement represents a significant step towards reducing environmental impacts associated with waste disposal and conserving precious water resources. The insights gained from this study serve as a valuable reference for industrial facilities seeking sustainable waste management solutions, fostering a circular economy approach and promoting responsible environmental stewardship.
Performance evaluation of electrokinetic bioremediation for weathered petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil
Authors: Syarif Afiya Nadhifah , Effendi Agus Jatnika , Hidayat Syarif
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the impact of Electrokinetic Remediation (EKR) time on total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) removal from soil, focusing on electroosmotic phenomena guided by Helmholtz-Smoluchowski theory. Soil samples were exposed to a constant 2 V/cm voltage gradient for 8, 16, and 24 hours, utilizing a 0.05 M Na2SO4 solution as an electrolyte to enhance soil conductivity. Biostimulation was combined with EKR, and TPH levels and microbial colonies (TPC) were monitored over a 4-week period. Maintaining optimal conditions (25-40°C, pH 6-8, 30-60% water content) was crucial for effective biodegradation. Results showed that a 24-hour EKR duration was most effective, achieving an 87.9% removal rate. The 16-hour duration closely followed at 85.7%, while the 8-hour duration exhibited lower effectiveness at 62.5%. TPC counts increased in the fourth week for the 16-hour and 24-hour durations but decreased for the 8-hour duration. Post-EKR, a gradual decline in TPH levels indicated electroosmotic flow’s (EOF) positive impact on TPH desorption and biodegradation. Electroosmosis influence was evident in varying TPH concentrations among segments after EKR, with higher levels near the cathode in the 16-hour and 24-hour durations. Lower TPH near the cathode in the 8-hour variation suggested electroosmosis-induced desorption, while reduced concentrations in regions A (near anode) and B (middle) resulted from biodegradation and microbial mobility due to electrophoresis. Confirmation of electroosmosis across all durations was supported by observed water content and EOF volume. The 24-hour duration exhibited the highest EOF proportion in the cathode chamber at 22.2%, followed by 16 hours at 16.1%, and 8 hours at 8.6%.