bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Collective Behaviors of Isotropic Micromotors: From Assembly to Reconstruction and Motion Control under External Fields
Authors: Feng Kai , Chen Ling , Zhang Xinle , Gong Jiang , Qu Jinping , Niu Ran
Published: November 2023

Swarms of self-propelled micromotors can mimic the processes of natural systems and construct artificial intelligent materials to perform complex collective behaviors. Compared to self-propelled Janus micromotors, the isotropic colloid motors, also called micromotors or microswimmers, have advantages in self-assembly to form micromotor swarms, which are efficient in resistance to external disturbance and the delivery of large quantity of cargos. In this minireview, we summarize the fundamental principles and interactions for the assembly of isotropic active particles to generate micromotor swarms. Recent discoveries based on either catalytic or external physical field-stimulated micromotor swarms are also presented. Then, the strategy for the reconstruction and motion control of micromotor swarms in complex environments, including narrow channels, maze, raised obstacles, and high steps/low gaps, is summarized. Finally, we outline the future directions of micromotor swarms and the remaining challenges and opportunities.
Influence of Maternal BLV Infection on miRNA and tRF Expression in Calves
Authors: Goldkamp Anna K. , Lahuis Ciarra H. , Hagen Darren E. , Taxis Tasia M.
Published: November 2023

Small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNA) and tRNA-derived fragments (tRF), are known to be involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Research has provided evidence that small RNAs may influence immune development in calves. Bovine leukosis is a disease in cattle caused by Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) that leads to increased susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens. No research has addressed the potential influence that a maternal BLV infection may have on gene regulation through the differential expression of miRNAs or tRFs in progeny. Blood samples from 14-day old Holstein calves born to BLV-infected dams were collected. Antibodies for BLV were assessed using ELISA and levels of BLV provirus were assessed using qPCR. Total RNA was extracted from whole blood samples for small RNA sequencing. Five miRNAs (bta-miR-1, bta-miR-206, bta-miR-133a, bta-miR-133b, and bta-miR-2450d) and five tRFs (tRF-36-8JZ8RN58X2NF79E, tRF-20-0PF05B2I, tRF-27-W4R951KHZKK, tRF-22-S3M8309NF, and tRF-26-M87SFR2W9J0) were dysregulated in calves born to BLV-infected dams. The miRNAs appear to be involved in the gene regulation of immunological responses and muscle development. The tRF subtypes and parental tRNA profiles in calves born to infected dams appear to be consistent with previous publications in adult cattle with BLV infection. These findings offer insight into how maternal BLV infection status may impact the development of offspring.
Exploring Data Augmentation and Dimension Reduction Opportunities for Predicting the Bandgap of Inorganic Perovskite through Anion Site Optimization
Authors: Nguyen Tri-Chan-Hung , Kim Young-Un , Jung Insung , Yang O-Bong , Akhtar Mohammad Shaheer
Published: November 2023

Significant focus has been directed towards inorganic perovskite solar cells because of their notable capabilities in converting sunlight to electricity effectively, their efficient light absorption, and their suitability for conventional semiconductor manufacturing methods. The identification of the composition of perovskite materials is an ongoing challenge to achieve high performing solar cells. Conventional methods of trial and error frequently prove insufficient, especially when confronted with a multitude of potential candidates. In response to this challenge, the suggestion is to employ a machine-learning strategy for more precise and efficient prediction of the characteristics of new inorganic perovskite materials. This work utilized a dataset sourced from the Materials Project database, consisting of 1528 ABX3 materials with varying halide elements (X = F, Cl, Br, Se) and information regarding their bandgap characteristics, including whether they are direct or indirect. By leveraging data augmentation and machine learning (ML) techniques along with a collection of established bandgap values and structural attributes, our proposed model can accurately and rapidly predict the bandgap of novel materials, while also identifying the key elements that contribute to this property. This information can be used to guide the discovery of new organic perovskite materials with desirable properties. Six different machine learning algorithms, including Logistic Regression (LR), Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Random Forest (RF), were used to predict the direct bandgap of potential perovskite materials for this study. RF yielded the best experimental outcomes according to the following metrics: F1-score, Recall, and Precision, attaining scores of 86%, 85%, and 86%, respectively. This result demonstrates that ML has great potential in accelerating organic perovskites material discovery.
Phylogeny and Genetic Divergence among Sorghum Mosaic Virus Isolates Infecting Sugarcane
Authors: Xu Hui-Mei , He Er-Qi , Yang Zu-Li , Bi Zheng-Wang , Bao Wen-Qing , Sun Sheng-Ren , Lu Jia-Ju , Gao San-Ji
Published: November 2023

Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV, the genus Potyvirus of the family Potyviridae) is a causal agent of common mosaic in sugarcane and poses a threat to the global sugar industry. In this study, a total of 901 sugarcane leaf samples with mosaic symptom were collected from eight provinces in China and were detected via RT-PCR using a primer pair specific to the SrMV coat protein (CP). These leaf samples included 839 samples from modern cultivars (Saccharum spp. hybrids) and 62 samples from chewing cane (S. officinarum). Among these, 632 out of 901 (70.1%) samples were tested positive for SrMV. The incidences of SrMV infection were 72.3% and 40.3% in modern cultivars and chewing cane, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all tested SrMV isolates were clustered into three clades consisting of six phylogenetic groups based on 306 CP sequences (this study = 265 and GenBank database = 41). A total of 10 SrMV isolates from South America (the United States and Argentina) along with 106 isolates from China were clustered in group D, while the remaining 190 SrMV isolates from Asia (China and Vietnam) were dispersed in five groups. The SrMV isolates in group F were limited to Yunnan province in China, and those in group A were spread over eight provinces. A significant genetic heterogeneity was elucidated in the nucleotide sequence identities of all SrMV CPs, ranging from 69.0% to 100%. A potential recombination event was postulated among SrMV isolates based on CP sequences. All tested SrMV CPs underwent dominant negative selection. Geographical isolation (South America vs. Asia) and host types (modern cultivars vs. chewing cane) are important factors promoting the genetic differentiation of SrMV populations. Overall, this study contributes to the global understanding of the genetic evolution of SrMV and provides a valuable resource for the epidemiology and management of the mosaic in sugarcane.
Pyramiding Breeding of Low-Glutelin-Content Indica Rice with Good Quality and Resistance
Authors: Chen Da-Gang , Guo Jie , Chen Ke , Ye Chan-Juan , Liu Juan , Chen You-Ding , Zhou Xin-Qiao , Liu Chuan-Guang
Published: November 2023

Low-glutelin-content rice, a type of functional rice with glutelin levels below 4%, is an essential dietary supplement for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Developing low-glutelin-content rice varieties is crucial to catering to the growing CKD population. In this study, we aimed to create a new low-glutelin indica rice variety with excellent agronomic traits. To achieve this, we employed a combination of molecular-marker-assisted selection and traditional breeding techniques. The cultivars W3660, Wushansimiao (WSSM), and Nantaixiangzhan (NTXZ) were crossbred, incorporating the Lgc-1, Pi-2, Xa23, and fgr alleles into a single line. The result of this breeding effort was “Yishenxiangsimiao”, a new indica rice variety that inherits the desirable characteristics of its parent lines. Yishenxiangsimiao (YSXSM) possesses not only a low glutelin content but also dual resistance to blast and bacterial blight (BB). It exhibits high-quality grains with a fragrant aroma. This new low-glutelin indica cultivar not only ensures a stable food supply for CKD patients but also serves as a healthy dietary option for the general public. We also performed RNA-seq of these rice varieties to investigate their internal gene expression differences. The YSXSM exhibited a higher biotic-resistance gene expression in comparison to NTXZ. In summary, we successfully developed a novel low-glutelin indica rice variety, “Yishenxiangsimiao”, with superior agronomic traits. This rice variety addresses the dietary needs of CKD patients and offers a nutritious choice for all consumers.
Efficiency of Microwave and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction as a Green Tool for Polyphenolic Isolation from Monofloral Honeys
Authors: Pedisić Sandra , Čulina Patricija , Pavlešić Tomislav , Vahčić Nada , Elez Garofulić Ivona , Zorić Zoran , Dragović-Uzelac Verica , Repajić Maja
Published: November 2023

Monofloral honey is obtained from the nectar of single-source plants and has a higher market value due to its polyphenol content associated with its biological properties, especially its antioxidant capacity. In this work, advanced extraction techniques using microwave- (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted (UAE) extraction of phenolic compounds in monofloral honey were optimized and compared. Optimal parameters for MAE were an irradiation time of 15 min, a temperature of 60 °C, and a microwave power of 300 W, and for UAE, a sonication time of 10 min, a temperature of 35 °C, and an ultrasound amplitude of 60%. The extraction solvent used was 70% ethanol. In the extracts of different monofloral honey samples (mint, fennel, raspberry, lavender, sage, buckwheat, maroon, heaven) obtained at optimal MAE and UAE conditions, polyphenolic compounds were determined using UPLC-ESI/MS2 analysis and antioxidant capacity using ORAC, ABTS, and DPPH assays. The results showed that UAE was the more efficient technique for the extraction of total flavanones, flavones, hydroxycinnamic acids, and total phenols, and MAE for total flavonols and hydroxybenzoic acids. The antioxidant ORAC and DPPH capacity was higher for the extracts obtained with MAE, while the ABTS capacity was higher for those obtained with UAE.
Pharyngeal Obturator Prosthesis Ideal for Orthodontic Appliances: A Case Series
Authors: Vale Francisco , Nunes Catarina , Reis Joana , Travassos Raquel , Ribeiro Madalena , Marques Filipa , Pedroso Anabela , Marto Carlos Miguel , Paula Anabela Baptista , Francisco Inês
Published: November 2023

(1) Background: Cleft lip and palate is the most common congenital malformation of the head and neck. After surgical closure, velopharyngeal dysfunction can arise, which has implications for phonation, sucking, swallowing, middle ear function, and interpersonal well-being. This case series aimed to present an adaptation of the conventional pharyngeal obturator design in order to allow its use with fixed orthodontic appliances. (2) Methods: A new custom-made pharyngeal obturator device was built in order to enable a correct function of the velopharyngeal valve. The fabrication of the plate was made by altering the conventional Hawley retainer, replacing the Adams hooks with 0.9 mm spherical hooks and removing the buccal arch. (3) Results: The new pharyngeal obturator design was used in six cleft patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. The appliance was well tolerated and there was a slight improvement in auditory-perceptive evaluations. (4) Conclusions: The new pharyngeal bulb design proved to have good retention during fixed orthodontic treatment. Moreover, despite the short-term follow-up, it also showed a reduction in the severity of the hypernasality sentences.
Underwater Single-Photon Lidar Equipped with High-Sampling-Rate Multi-Channel Data Acquisition System
Authors: Lin Zaifa , Shangguan Mingjia , Cao Fuqing , Yang Zhifeng , Qiu Ying , Weng Zhenwu
Published: November 2023

Lidar has emerged as an important technology for the high-precision three-dimensional remote sensing of the ocean. While oceanic lidar has been widely deployed on various platforms, its underwater deployment is relatively limited, despite its significance in deep-sea exploration and obstacle avoidance for underwater platforms. Underwater lidar systems must meet stringent requirements for high performance, miniaturization, and high integration. Single-photon lidar, by elevating the detection sensitivity to the single-photon level, enables high-performance detection under the condition of a low-pulse-energy laser and a small-aperture telescope, making it a stronger candidate for underwater lidar applications. However, this imposes demanding requirements for the data acquisition system utilized in single-photon lidar systems. In this work, a self-developed multi-channel acquisition system (MCAS) with a high-resolution and real-time histogram statistics capability was developed. By utilizing field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology, a method that combines coarse counters with multi-phase clock interpolation achieved an impressive resolution of 0.5 ns and enabled a time of flight duration of 1.5 μs. To address counting instability, a dual-counter structure was adopted in the coarse counter, and real-time histogram statistics were achieved in the data acquisition system through a state machine. Furthermore, the non-uniform phase shift of the clock was analyzed, and a correction algorithm based on code density statistics was proposed to mitigate the periodic modulation of the backscattered signal, with the effectiveness of the algorithm demonstrated through experimental results. The robustness and stability of the MCAS were validated through an underwater experiment. Ultimately, the development of this compact acquisition system enables the implementation of underwater single-photon lidar systems, which will play a crucial role in underwater target imaging, obstacle avoidance in underwater platforms, and deep-sea marine environment monitoring.
Prototype of Monitoring Transportation Pollution Spikes through the Internet of Things Edge Networks
Authors: Nizeyimana Eric , Hanyurwimfura Damien , Hwang Junseok , Nsenga Jimmy , Regassa Dereje
Published: November 2023

Air pollution is a critical problem in densely populated urban areas, with traffic significantly contributing. To mitigate the adverse effects of air pollution on public health and the environment, there is a growing need for the real-time monitoring and detection of pollution spikes in transportation. This paper presents a novel approach to using Internet of Things (IoT) edge networks for the real-time detection of air pollution peaks in transportation, specifically designed for innovative city applications. The proposed system uses IoT sensors in buses, cabs, and private cars. These sensors are equipped with air quality monitoring capabilities, including the measurement of pollutants such as particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon dioxide (CO2). The sensors continuously collect air quality data and transmit them to edge devices within the transportation infrastructure. The data collected by these sensors are analyzed, and alerts are generated when pollution levels exceed predefined thresholds. By deploying this system within IoT edge networks, transportation authorities can promptly respond to pollution spikes, improving air quality, public health, and environmental sustainability. This paper details the sensor technology, data analysis methods, and the practical implementation of this innovative system, shedding light on its potential for addressing the pressing issue of transportation-related pollution. The proposed IoT edge network for real-time air pollution spike detection in transportation offers significant advantages, including low-latency data processing, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. By leveraging the power of edge computing and IoT technologies, smart cities can proactively monitor and manage air pollution, leading to healthier and more sustainable urban environments.
Metal Microelectromechanical Resonator Exhibiting Fast Human Activity Detection
Authors: Torres Francesc , Uranga Arantxa , Barniol Núria
Published: November 2023

This work presents a MEMS resonator used as an ultra-high resolution water vapor sensor (humidity sensing) to detect human activity through finger movement as a demonstrator example. This microelectromechanical resonator is designed as a clamped-clamped beam fabricated using the top metal layer of a commercial CMOS technology (0.35 μm CMOS-AMS) and monolithically integrated with conditioning and readout circuitry. Sensing is performed through the resonance frequency change due to the addition of water onto the clamped-clamped beam coming from the moisture created by the evaporation of water in the human body. The sensitivity and high-speed response to the addition of water onto the metal bridge, as well as the quick dewetting of the surface, make it suitable for low-power human activity sensing.
Efficient Prediction of Stability Boundaries in Milling Considering the Variation of Tool Features and Workpiece Materials
Authors: Sun Huijuan , Ding Huiling , Deng Congying , Xiong Kaixiang
Published: November 2023

Theoretical stability analysis is a significant approach to predicting chatter-free machining parameters. Accurate milling stability predictions highly depend on the dynamic properties of the process system. Therefore, variations in tool and workpiece attributes will require repeated and time-consuming experiments or simulations to update the tool tip dynamics and cutting force coefficients. Considering this problem, this paper proposes a transfer learning framework to efficiently predict the milling stabilities for different tool–workpiece assemblies through reducing the experiments or simulations. First, a source tool is selected to obtain the tool tip frequency response functions (FRFs) under different overhang lengths through impact tests and milling experiments on different workpiece materials conducted to identify the related cutting force coefficients. Then, theoretical milling stability analyses are developed to obtain sufficient source data to pre-train a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) for predicting the limiting axial cutting depth (aplim). For a new tool, the number of overhang lengths and workpiece materials are reduced to design and perform fewer experiments. Then, insufficient stability limits are predicted and further utilized to fine-tune the pre-trained MLP. Finally, a new regression model to predict the aplim values is obtained for target tool–workpiece assemblies. A detailed case study is developed on different tool–workpiece assemblies, and the experimental results validate that the proposed approach requires fewer training samples for obtaining an acceptable prediction accuracy compared with other previously proposed methods.
A Survey on the Role of Industrial IoT in Manufacturing for Implementation of Smart Industry
Authors: Farooq Muhammad Shoaib , Abdullah Muhammad , Riaz Shamyla , Alvi Atif , Rustam Furqan , Flores Miguel Angel López , Galán Juan Castanedo , Samad Md Abdus , Ashraf Imran
Published: November 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an innovative technology that presents effective and attractive solutions to revolutionize various domains. Numerous solutions based on the IoT have been designed to automate industries, manufacturing units, and production houses to mitigate human involvement in hazardous operations. Owing to the large number of publications in the IoT paradigm, in particular those focusing on industrial IoT (IIoT), a comprehensive survey is significantly important to provide insights into recent developments. This survey presents the workings of the IoT-based smart industry and its major components and proposes the state-of-the-art network infrastructure, including structured layers of IIoT architecture, IIoT network topologies, protocols, and devices. Furthermore, the relationship between IoT-based industries and key technologies is analyzed, including big data storage, cloud computing, and data analytics. A detailed discussion of IIoT-based application domains, smartphone application solutions, and sensor- and device-based IIoT applications developed for the management of the smart industry is also presented. Consequently, IIoT-based security attacks and their relevant countermeasures are highlighted. By analyzing the essential components, their security risks, and available solutions, future research directions regarding the implementation of IIoT are outlined. Finally, a comprehensive discussion of open research challenges and issues related to the smart industry is also presented.
Promoting Veteran-Centric Transportation Options through Exposure to Autonomous Shuttles
Authors: Classen Sherrilene , Wandenkolk Isabelle C. , Mason Justin , Stetten Nichole , Hwangbo Seung Woo , LeBeau Kelsea
Published: November 2023

Veterans face difficulties accessing vital health and community services, especially in rural areas. Autonomous vehicles (AVs) can revolutionize transportation by enhancing access, safety, and efficiency. Yet, there is limited knowledge about how Veterans perceive AVs. This study fills this gap by assessing Veterans’ AV perceptions before and after exposure to an autonomous shuttle (AS). Using a multi-method approach, 23 participants completed pre- and post-AS Autonomous Vehicle User Perception Survey (AVUPS), with 10 participants also taking part in post-AS focus groups. Following exposure to the AS, differences were observed for three out of the four AVUPS domains: an increase in Intention to Use (p < 0.01), a decrease in Perceived Barriers (p < 0.05), and an increase in Total Acceptance (p = 0.01); Well-being remained unchanged (p = 0.81). Feedback from focus groups uncovered six qualitative themes: Perceived Benefits (n = 70), Safety (n = 66), Shuttle Experience (n = 47), AV Adoption (n = 44), Experience with AVs (n = 17), and Perception Change (n = 10). This study underscores AVs’ potential to alleviate transportation challenges faced by Veterans, contributing to more inclusive transportation solutions. The research offers insights for future policies and interventions aimed at integrating AV technology into the transportation system, particularly for mobility-vulnerable Veterans in rural and urban settings.
Phytochemical Standardization of an Extract Rich in Flavonoids from Flowers of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam) Pers
Authors: Villarreal Romero Wilson Leonardo , Robles Camargo Jorge Eliecer , Costa Geison Modesti
Published: November 2023

Kalanchoe pinnata is a species widely used in traditional medicine in Latin America and southern Africa. This species has been reported to have different activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic, the latter being related to its flavonoid content. The aim of this study was to contribute to the standardization of the aqueous extract of flowers from Kalanchoe pinnata. Purification of chemical markers was carried out by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). Stability tests under stress conditions were conducted for the extract by using the chromatographic profiles analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detection (UPLC-PDA) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole-time of flight–mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS-QTOF), with quantification of flavonoids by a validated UPLC-PDA method. Physicochemical variables of the plant material were within the limits established by official guides. Thirteen flavonoids present in the extract were identified, the major compounds being quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside and quercetin 3-O-D-glucuronide, purified by CPC. A range of total flavonoids for the extract from 8–13% was determined. Finally, through stability tests, it was observed that the extract was stable in most conditions but evidenced moderate degradations upon acid and basic hydrolysis. Through qualitative and quantitative chemical characterizations, it was possible to chemically standardize the aqueous extract of flowers from K. pinnata, with a high content of flavonoids, under parameters required by the WHO and pharmacopoeias.
Effect of Capsule Burst in Cigarette Filters on the Compound Composition of Mainstream Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Lim Hyeon-Su , You Ji-Sang , Lim Heung-Bin
Published: November 2023

The number of cigarette capsule users is increasing; however, a comprehensive epidemiological investigation comparing the harmfulness of capsule and non-capsule cigarettes, particularly concerning the composition of flavor components and mainstream smoke, is lacking. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of capsule burst on the compound composition of mainstream smoke by quantifying the Hoffmann list and flavor (geraniol, eugenol, menthofuran, and pulegone) in mainstream smoke with and without crushing the capsules. The findings indicate that while tar values tended to increase when the capsules were burst, there was no significant change observed in the other Hoffmann list components, such as nicotine, benzo[α]pyrene, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, aromatic amines, and phenolics. However, when the capsules burst, menthofuran and pulegone, which were present in the capsule and could cause toxicity, were found in the mainstream smoke via the International Standard Organization (1.5–4.0 μg/cig and 5.13–6.00 μg/cig smoking regime) and Health Canada Intense (12.8–18.2 μg/cig and 22.77–24.67 μg/cig smoking regime). Therefore, understanding the capsule composition is important, as the toxic components of the capsules can be inhaled as smoke, posing a potential health risk.
Immunogenicity and Efficacy of TNX-1800, A Live Virus Recombinant Poxvirus Vaccine Candidate, against SARS-CoV-2 Challenge in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Awasthi Mayanka , Macaluso Anthony , Myscofski Dawn , Prigge Jon , Koide Fusataka , Noyce Ryan S. , Fogarty Siobhan , Stillwell Helen , Goebel Scott J. , Daugherty Bruce , Nasar Farooq , Bavari Sina , Lederman Seth
Published: November 2023

TNX-1800 is a synthetically derived live recombinant chimeric horsepox virus (rcHPXV) vaccine candidate expressing Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and efficacy of TNX-1800 in two nonhuman primate species challenged with USA-WA1/2020 SARS-CoV-2. TNX-1800 vaccination was well tolerated with no serious adverse events or significant changes in clinical parameters. A single dose of TNX-1800 generated humoral responses in African Green Monkeys and Cynomolgus Macaques, as measured by the total binding of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S IgG and neutralizing antibody titers against the USA-WA1/2020 strain. In addition, a single dose of TNX-1800 induced an interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-mediated T-cell response in Cynomolgus Macaques. Following challenge with SARS-CoV-2, African Green and Cynomolgus Macaques exhibited rapid clearance of virus in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Future studies will assess the efficacy of TNX-1800 against newly emerging variants and demonstrate its safety in humans.
Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines
Authors: Luong Hung Q. , Lai Huong T. L. , Truong Lam Q. , Nguyen The N. , Vu Hanh D. , Nguyen Hoa T. , Nguyen Lan T. , Pham Trang H. , McVey D. Scott , Vu Hiep L. X.
Published: November 2023

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is circulating in many swine-producing countries, causing significant economic losses. It is observed that pigs experimentally vaccinated with a live-attenuated virus (LAV) but not a killed virus (KV) vaccine develop solid homologous protective immunity. The objective of this study was to comparatively analyze antibody profiles between pigs vaccinated with an LAV vaccine and those vaccinated with a KV vaccine to identify potential markers of vaccine-induced protection. Thirty ASFV seronegative pigs were divided into three groups: Group 1 received a single dose of an experimental LAV, Group 2 received two doses of an experimental KV vaccine, and Group 3 was kept as a non-vaccinated (NV) control. At 42 days post-vaccination, all pigs were challenged with the parental virulent ASFV strain and monitored for 21 days. All pigs vaccinated with the LAV vaccine survived the challenge. In contrast, eight pigs from the KV group and seven pigs from the NV group died within 14 days post-challenge. Serum samples collected on 41 days post-vaccination were analyzed for their reactivity against a panel of 29 viral structural proteins. The sera of pigs from the LAV group exhibited a strong antibody reactivity against various viral structural proteins, while the sera of pigs in the KV group only displayed weak antibody reactivity against the inner envelope (p32, p54, p12). There was a negative correlation between the intensity of antibody reactivity against five ASFV antigens, namely p12, p14, p15, p32, and pD205R, and the viral DNA titers in the blood of animals after the challenge infection. Thus, antibody reactivities against these five antigens warrant further evaluation as potential indicators of vaccine-induced protection.
Examining the Determinants of Electric Vehicle Acceptance in Jordan: A PLS-SEM Approach
Authors: Abudayyeh Dana , Almomani Malek , Almomani Omar , Jaber Douha , Alhelo Eman
Published: November 2023

Recently, technologies for electric mobility have developed rapidly. Since the introduction and spread of Electric Vehicles (EVs), several studies have attempted to investigate the benefits and risks that impact on the growth of the EV market by evaluating data gathered from various drivers. However, some variables were disregarded such as: Public Involvement, Knowledge of EVs, Perceived Risk, Behavioural Intention, and EV acceptance. These variables are considered vital when analysing the intention to use EVs. Therefore, this study compiles the above mentioned variables to evaluate their effect on the intention to use EVs in Jordan. 501 collected responses were examined using the Smart PLS-Structural Equation Model algorithm. In general, the analysis revealed high levels of EV acceptance. The study proposed twelve direct relationship hypotheses. Out of these hypotheses, ten hypotheses were supported and two were rejected. The final conclusions are that an increase in public involvement is associated with an increase in knowledge of EVs, and an increase in their perceived risk. Moreover, the knowledge of EVs has positively and significantly influenced the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, along with EV acceptance. However, no relationships were found between the following: 1. the knowledge of EVs and perceived risk; and 2. perceived risk and behavioural intention.
The way for improvement and use of slope hayfields and pastures in the republic of Bashkortostan
Authors:   FSFEI HE Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Lukmanova A. D. , Shafeeva E. I. ,   FSFEI HE Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Kutliyarov A. N. ,   FSFEI HE Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Kutliarov D. N. ,   FSFEI HE Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Komissarov A. V ,   FSFEI HE Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa
Published: November 2023

The article gives a brief description of slopes used for grazing, the composition and quality of which are different in the various agricultural zones of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The technology of improvement and use of these slopes in the conditions of the republic is considered here as well.
Türk Halk Hikâyeciliği Geleneğinde Gündeşlioğlu ve Sivaslı Âşık Emanetî Anlatması
Authors: YILMAZ Serhat Sabri
Published: November 2023

Türk halk hikâyeciliği geleneğinde Kuzeydoğu Anadolu sahasının yanı sıra Güney Anadolu sahası da önemli anlatı örnekleri sunmuştur. Yöredeki konargöçer hayat tarzı, iskân politikalarına karşı asırlardır süren bir direnmeye neden olmuş, bu da yörede yetişen âşık tipini doğrudan etkilemiştir. Halk edebiyatı kaynaklarının ortak şekilde aşiret/iskân şairleri dediği taife etrafında teşekkül eden hikâyeler de bahsi geçen konargöçer yaşamı ve iskâna karşı koymayı işlemiş, yöre âşıkları şiirlerinde ağırlıklı olarak bu konuları ele almıştır. Dadaloğlu, Kozanoğlu, İlbeylioğlu gibi önde gelen Güney Anadolu âşıklarının yanında Gündeşlioğlu adı da zikredilmekte, bu âşıkla ilgili sözlü kültürde rivayetler dolaşmaktadır. Hakkında iki halk hikâyesi teşekkül ettiği anlaşılan Gündeşlioğlu; Adana, Kahramanmaraş, Gaziantep gibi yörelerde iyi şekilde tanınmakta, günümüz yöre âşıkları tarafından türkülü hikâyeleri anlatılmaktadır. Muhtelif vesilelerle Güney Anadolu âşıklarıyla bir araya gelen Ali İzzet Özkan, Hasan Yüzbaşoğlu gibi Emlek yöresi âşıkları ise Gündeşlioğlu hakkındaki anlatıların Sivas Şarkışla yöresine kadar yayılmasını sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, babası Âşık Hasan Yüzbaşoğlu’ndan öğrendiği Gündeşlioğlu ile Alageyik hikâyesini günümüze kadar muhafaza eden Âşık Emanetî’nin yazıya geçirilmiş versiyonu üzerinde durulacak; yayılma alanları, şahıs kadrosu, epizot ve motif incelemelerinin yanı sıra anlatıcının hikâye üzerindeki etkisine değinilerek anlatma, diğer versiyonuyla mukayese edilecektir. Ayrıca Gündeşlioğlu ve hikâyeleriyle ilgili bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalar hakkında bilgi verilerek konuyla ilgili literatür üzerinde durulacaktır.
Perspective: Limiting Antimicrobial Resistance with Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning
Authors: Amsterdam Daniel
Published: November 2023

The author traces his experience with the application of computers in clinical microbiology over the past 60 years, specifically in directing clinicians to treat bacterial infections diagnosed by the laboratory and the antibacterial agent(s) that could be used to treat those infections. Appropriate use of antibiotics will result in reduced antimicrobial resistance, which is increasing worldwide. An early form of AI, Mycin (1976), a system based on rules provided by experts designed to propose antibiotic regimens for central nervous system infections, was never applied due to the limitations in the number of rules that could be incorporated into the clinical workflow. Machine learning (ML) was developed to overcome the limitations of expert systems. Several variables that influence the outcome bacteria/drug interaction, such as the source of the infection, absence of antimicrobial resistance markers, patients’ health profile, and the historical susceptibility within the hospital and the local area are incorporated in the proposed comprehensive AI/ML program. The role of AI in the discovery of new antimicrobial agents is also addressed.
Research Trends of the Young Child Digital using Keyword Network Analysis
Authors:   Education Research Institute, Yu JeongIn
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to analyze the trends in research related to digital aspects in early childhood education by collecting relevant research and conducting keyword network analysis to understand the evolving connections among key terms. The goal was to identify any changes or emerging patterns in research on digital technology and young children. The goal was to identify any emerging patterns or changes in the field of research on young children and digital technology. To achieve this, a total of 661 academic papers were collected from scholarly databases (RISS, KCI, KISS) by searching for keywords such as 'young children digital', 'media', 'smart', 'multimedia', and 'edutech'. Keywords were extracted from these papers after refinement. The analysis included frequency distribution, network visualization, and centrality analysis of the extracted keywords. The research findings are as follows: The research findings indicate, firstly, that studies related to digital technology and young children have shown a consistent increase in trends since 2011. Key keywords such as 'utilization,' 'young children,' 'media,' 'perception,' 'early childhood educators,' and 'digital' emerged as prominent in this research. Secondly, an examination of the research trends over different time periods revealed that studies have increasingly focused on the 'utilization' of 'multimedia', 'smart', and 'digital' technologies, driven by shifts in educational paradigms due to digital transformation. Recently, 'digital', 'play', 'competence' have emerged as central keywords. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights for educators and children navigating the digital society, aiding in various aspects of support and guiding future research directions.
Analysis of the Effect of Adolescent's Career Decision on the Quality of Life
Authors:   Education Research Institute, Lee YoonHee , Kim EunYoung
Published: November 2023

In order to achieve the purpose of this study, the second year(2019) data of the ‘Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey’ were used. This study was analyzed using propensity score matching to solve the problem of existing selections bias between the groups who decided career and the group who did not. It was found that the quality of life of adolescents who decided on a career in the second year of middle school were statistically significantly higher than those who did not. Even after achieving equivalence between the two groups through propensity score matching, in all factors of quality of life, the quality of life of adolescents who decided on a career remained at a higher level. This study suggested policy implications for importance of adolescent’s career decision. In schools it is necessary to support adolescent’s career education for career development.
A Study on the Use of EduTech to Solve Polarization of Education in Underprivileged Areas : focused on educational donations
Authors:   Education Research Institute, Lee Je Won , Han Song Ie , Park Ji Hyun
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore ways to support EduTech, focusing on educational donations in underprivileged areas. We have come up with measures to support underprivileged areas by considering prior research and cases related to educational donations and EduTech. The following are ways to use EduTech to resolve the polarization of education in underprivileged areas. The first is infrastructure support, Second, program support, Third, along with administrative and financial support, we presented the need for expected effects on educational donation recipients, donors, schools and teachers. In addition, as a way to revitalize education for donations and build an EduTech environment to foster creativity in remote areas, we propose the importance of data quality management based on educational donations. This study is meaningful in that it suggested ways to use EduTech, focusing on educational donations for the development of creative capabilities of underprivileged school teenagers, and proposed perspectives and measures to resolve educational polarization.
Strengthening Islamic Education Values through Kaili Da'a Local Ethnic Cultural Symbol
Authors: Tobroni Tobroni , Firmansyah Eka , Masdul Muhammad Rizal , Anwar Saiful
Published: November 2023

This research aims to examine the meaning of Kaili ethnic cultural symbols to strengthen the values of Islamic education among the Kaili ethnic community. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach. The data collection technique in this research uses observation, interviews and documentation methods. Data analysis in this research uses single data analysis (individual case analysis), with the data analysis model from Miles and Huberman, through three paths of activities that occur simultaneously. This research found that there are sambulugana symbols and sintuvu symbols in organizing their daily life systems. These symbols are interpreted deeply because they have fundamental values. The sambulugana symbol teaches the concept of gratitude and resignation to God Almighty. Meanwhile, the sintuvu concept teaches the values of ukhuwah or cooperation between people. The sintuvu symbol reminds the Kaili ethnic community of how they live in interdependence with one another. The sintuvu symbol also teaches us not to create distance between relatives. So, as much as possible, maintain kinship relations even in buying and selling (exchanging goods).
Entrepreneurial Character Education from an Early Age
Authors: Badawi Badawi
Published: November 2023

This study aims to understand forming students with an entrepreneurial character from an early age. For this reason, this research uses a qualitative type with a case study approach at the elementary school level, namely Islamic Primary School (SDI) Ibnu Rusyd North Lampung, Indonesia. Data were obtained from phenomena and activities at the research locus as primary data using in-depth observation techniques and structured interviews. The secondary data was obtained from institutional documents and some from literature sources such as books and articles with a close relationship with the entrepreneurial character. The analysis technique follows Miles & Huberman with the steps of gathering, presenting, condensing, and drawing conclusions. The results of the discussion explained that there are five entrepreneurial characteristics that SDI Ibnu Rusyd applies, namely independence, creativity, leadership, discipline, and the courage to take risks. Independent means the attitude students possess to overcome various problems by relying on their abilities. Creativity means that students can produce innovative new ideas. Leadership to influence and inspire others. Discipline means being able to act according to direction and responsibility. Dare to take risks is the nature of an entrepreneur. Feel free to try new things or take steps that have consequences. Applying entrepreneurial character right from an early age forms a strong foundation forming an essential basis for the success and innovation of future entrepreneurs.
Capace che sia giusto? Sulla scelta tra capace a e capace di
Authors: De Santis Cristiana
Published: November 2023

Numerose domande arrivate alla redazione chiedono chiarimenti sulla reggenza preposizionale dell’aggettivo capace.
Da Ecuba a Filippa di Catania. La rappresentazione della violenza in tre capitoli del De casibus virorum illustrium di Boccaccio
Authors: De Luisa Laura
Published: November 2023

Il saggio esamina le forme della rappresentazione della violenza nel De casibus
virorum illustrium di Boccaccio. Si analizzano in particolare i capitoli dedicati a Ecuba
(I, 13), Romilda (IX, 1) e Filippa di Catania (IX, 26), per mostrare come la violenza sia
vista ed esperita dai personaggi e come tale rappresentazione possa, secondo l’autore,
svolgere un’efficace azione pedagogica sui propri lettori.
Predicting a Rationale Weighted Criterion for Admission to Higher Education Institutions
Authors:   King Abdulaziz University  Saudi Arabia, Bagabir Hala , Bagabir Ahmed
Published: November 2023

Undergraduate selection, especially for medical degree programs, is a challenging and controversial matter for both national and international institutions. The importance of this paper lies in trying to identify the process of selecting prospective students for medical studies in Saudi Arabia. The currently applied admission criteria are the weighted average score (WAS) of the three pre-university attainments, the general secondary school (GSS), the general aptitude test (GAT), and the scientific achievement test (SAT). There is a different weightage assigned to WAS throughout the national medical institutions. It raises concern about the scientific rationale behind the differences. The present research correlates longitudinal school and university data of medical graduates using a robust methodology of multinomial logistic regression in an attempt to find statistically significant ratios of WAS. A quantitative critique of the admission process was conducted for relatively large 440 graduates of the six-year medicine program, enrolled in five academic years. Several scenarios of admission criteria have been investigated for their significant association and prediction of the academic and clinical performance of medical students. The findings suggest several choices of WAS according to the decision of educational policymakers. The future implications that may influence forthcoming decisions regarding selection criteria are humbly offered. Keywords: Admission test, entrance exam, medical study, logistic regression, Qiyas tests, Saudi Arabia.
The Reliability of Maslach Burnout Inventory in Arab Studies: Reliability Generalization Meta-Analyses Study
Authors:   Northern Border University,  Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Alenezi Saud
Published: November 2023

The current study aimed to identify the mean effect size of the alpha coefficient for the overall reliability of the MBI scale, and for the sub-dimensions; Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal achievement through the analysis of (32) studies in which the inclusion criteria were met. The results of the research indicated that the mean alpha coefficient across the studies (n = 32) for overall reliability and dimensions; Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal achievement were 0.83, 0.83, 0.78, and 0.77, respectively. It indicated that the mean alpha coefficient of the MBI scale varied significantly according to the participants in favor of school principals, and according to gender in favor of the mixed (male/female), and according to the country of application for studies conducted in North and East African countries, while it did not vary according to the sample size. It also showed that the mean alpha coefficient of the emotional exhaustion dimension varied according to the participants in favor of the teachers. The results also showed that there were no differences in the mean alpha coefficient of the dimension of emotional exhaustion according to the factors of sample size, gender, and country of application, and indicated that there were no significant differences in the mean alpha coefficient of the dimensions of depersonalization and lack of personal achievement according to the factors of sample size, participants, gender and country of application. Keywords: Maslach scale, Reliability, Emotional exhaustion, Depersonalization, Lack of personal achievement
Tension Between Theory and Practice of Replication
Authors: Erkan Buzbas , Devezer Berna
Published: November 2023

A core problem that has been addressed in the scientific reform movement so far is the low rates of reproducibility of research results. Mainstream reform literature has aimed at increasing reproducibility rates by implementing procedural changes in research practice and scientific policy. At the sidelines of reform, theoreticians have worked on understanding the underlying causes of irreproducibility from the ground up. Each approach faces its own challenges. While the mainstream focus on swift practical changes has not been buttressed by sound theoretical arguments, theoretical work is slow and initially is only capable of answering questions in idealized setups, removed from real life constraints. In this article, we continue to develop theoretical foundations in understanding non-exact replications and meta-hypothesis tests in multi-site replication studies, juxtapose these theoretical intuitions with practical reform examples, and expose challenges we face. In our estimation, a major challenge in the next generation of the reform movement is to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical advancements.