bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LABORATORY STUDIES OF A COMPOSITE GEOMAT COATING FILLED WITH CRUSHED STONE AND REINFORCED WITH RYEGRASS
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khanov Nartmir V. , Zhukova Tatyana Yu. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russian Federation, Alekseev Daniil A. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Purpose: to determine the roughness coefficient of a protective coating consisting of Enkamat 7225 geomat filled with small crushed stone from 6 to 10 mm and soil seeded with perennial ryegrass.
Materials and methods. The hydraulic studies conducted by the authors were aimed at determining the roughness coefficient of the studied coating made of composite material (geomat). This study was carried out on an experimental setup of trapezoidal cross-section with vertical right (m = 0) and inclined left (m = 1) slopes. The total length of the section with the coating was 8.6 m. The slope of the flume bottom was i = 0.010...0.03.
Results. The article presents the results of experimental studies devoted to determining the roughness coefficient of a composite coating made of geomat filled with crushed stone and reinforced with ryegrass. The average value of the roughness coefficient is derived and the analysis of the obtained results is performed. Based on the analysis conducted and after calculating the roughness coefficients by three formulas: Manning, Gangulyer-Kutter and N. N. Pavlovsky, it is possible to recommend for the studied coating the value of the roughness coefficient n = 0.0301, calculated using the Manning formula.
Conclusions. The conducted studies, which are devoted to the roughness coefficient assessment for the investigated anti-erosion protective coating, have shown the possibilities of using such lining in practice. The use of this coating gives a natural look without losing the protective properties to the soil structure slope, the watercourse bed and banks.
STUDY OF HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN THE WATERWORKS DESIGN ON THE ABIN RIVER IN THE KRASNODAR TERRITORY
Authors:   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Tkachev Alexander А. , Karabashev Ruslan A. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Nevdakh Viktor A. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Chulkov Vladimir E. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Purpose: to analyze the climatic characteristics of the study area and hydrological characteristics of the studied watercourse, including maximum water discharges in section lines marked along the river bed, as well as maximum water levels of the Abin River, in the volume necessary for a reasonable choice of design solutions for bank protection hydraulic structures.
Materials and methods. The Abin River was studied from 1923 to 1989 at the water gage in Abinsk. Observation data allowed analyzing the regime, level and estimating the discharges. The average annual precipitation is 704 mm, with a peak in December (85 mm) and minimums in April and September (45 mm each). Heavy rains occur in the summer, with a maximum of 171 mm per day. Ice and rime phenomena occur in the area, but they are mostly short-lived. Extreme hydrometeorological phenomena are possible due to the orographic features of the region.
Results. The Abin River is a mountain river with water level fluctuations of up to 8.6 m and the rising large wooden debris during floods. Calculations of maximum discharges and water levels were carried out, the average current velocity reaches 2.68–3.40 m/s, and the maximum depth is 7.54–7.64 m. Channel processes include bed erosion and limited meandering with a stable bank position. The bed erosion depth varies from 0.78 to 1.06 m.
Conclusions. When developing bank protection structures on the Abin River, it is necessary to take into account several important aspects. The structures must withstand significant water discharges (at a speed of 2.68–3.40 m/s and a depth of 7.54–7.64 m BS) and ensure durability during floods. It is necessary to strengthen the foundation and reinforce the slopes using geosynthetics, and provide flexible structures (gabions and Reno mattresses) to adapt to channel changes. It is possible to use technologies that minimize interference with nature, such as anchor systems and the creation of bulkheads. It is recommended to use methods for the redistribution of sediments, including flooded spurs.
FEATURES OF DESIGNING FISH PASSAGE AND FISH PASSAGE-SPAWNING CHANNELS AT WATERWORKS
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Shkura Viktor N. , Shevchenko Alexey V. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Purpose: to present the features of methodological approaches to the development of layout and design solutions for fish passage and fish passage-spawning channels arranged as a part of low-head river waterworks.
Materials and methods. The empirical basis for the development was made up of the following: materials of design solutions, surveys and studies of the existing fish passage channels of the Ust-Manych waterworks on the Zapadny Manych River and fish passage-spawning channels arranged at the Nikolaevsky and Konstantinovsky waterworks on the Don River; project materials of the Bagaevsky and Kochetovsky fish passage-spawning channels. The development methodology provides for the use of technology of scientific analysis and synthesis of experimental data and engineering solutions for hydraulic structures.
Results. The essence of the study lies in the generalization of the author's recommendations and methods in the field of technical justification, design and development of layout and design solutions for fish passage and fish passage-spawning channels at waterworks and their structural and functional elements (inlet and outlet heads, channel tracts, head regulators and rest areas for fish). The issues of technical justification of channel projects cover the following positions: collection, processing and analysis of initial information on the object; determination of natural and technological conditions for channel functioning; selection of location, design and determination of their functional elements parameters; assessment of the quality of design solution in relation to the formation of conditions for spawning and passage from the lower pools of waterworks to the upper pools that meet the needs of migrating fish.
Conclusion. The main methodological provisions for the development of technical justification for the layout and design solutions of fish passage and spawning channels, arranged as part of low-head waterworks, are formulated.
Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của co ngót và từ biến đến mất mát ứng suất trước trong dầm dự ứng lực sử dụng bê tông geopolymer
Authors: Hà Nguyễn Bình , Quang Vũ Thành , Danh Lê Bá , Bảo Nguyễn Quốc , Sơn Nguyễn Hùng , Quang Nguyễn Văn
Published: November 2024

Bài báo trình bày về nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của co ngót và từ biến đến mất mát ứng suất trước trong dầm dự ứng lực sử dụng bê tông Geopolymer (GPC) thông qua kết quả thực nghiệm đo đạc hệ số từ biến, co ngót; Thiết kế, chế tạo, lắp đặt thiết bị trong dầm GPC dự ứng lực dài 10,4 m để tiến hành đo đạc mất mát ứng suất trước trong thời gian 6 tháng. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy mất mát ứng suất trước tăng nhanh trong thời gian đầu, giảm trong thời gian sau, giá trị thực nghiệm lớn hơn giá trị tính theo tiêu chuẩn AASHTO LRFD 2017 nằm trong khoảng 8,5% - 11,5%, sự làm việc của dầm GPC tương tự như OPC, có thể sử dụng các công thức xác định mất mát ứng suất trước do co ngót, từ biến của tiêu chuẩn thiết kế cầu để tính toán cho dầm GPC dự ứng lực.
Đánh giá xác suất phá hoại địa chấn của kết cấu trụ cầu bê tông cốt thép chịu động đất dựa trên mạng nơron nhân tạo
Authors: Vĩnh Nguyễn Hoàng , Nam Phan Hoàng , Hòa Phạm Duy
Published: November 2024

Nghiên cứu trình bày một hướng tiếp cận mới dựa trên mô hình mạng nơron nhân tạo (ANN) nhằm xây dựng đồ thị trạng thái phá hủy của trụ cầu bê tông cốt thép (BTCT) chịu động đất. Theo đó, trụ cầu được mô hình hóa sử dụng phần mềm OpenSees xét đến mô hình vật liệu phi tuyến và ảnh hưởng của nền móng. Các phân tích lịch sử thời gian được thực hiện trên một bộ gồm 140 bản ghi gia tốc nền được lựa chọn theo các phổ hiểm họa đều mục tiêu. Dựa trên dữ liệu được thu thập từ các kết quả phân tích, hai mô hình ANN nối tiếp được xây dựng, tối ưu và xác thực; cụ thể, mô hình ANN 1 được sử dụng để thiết lập quan hệ giữa các đại lượng đo lường cường độ dao động nền (IM) và mô hình ANN 2 với dữ liệu đầu vào là các IM được sử dụng để ước lượng đáp ứng kết cấu. Mô phỏng Monte Carlo cuối cùng được áp dụng trên 2 mô hình này để xây dựng đồ thị trạng thái phá hủy của kết cấu ứng với các trạng thái hư hại. Kết quả phân tích trên một trụ cầu thân cột BTCT của cầu Quá Giáng ở thành phố Đà Nẵng cho thấy phương pháp đề xuất thể hiện tính khả thi và tin cậy trong việc xây dựng đồ thị trạng thái phá hủy cho các trạng thái hư hại khác nhau của trụ cầu.
Các mô hình quy hoạch khu nhà ở công nhân khu công nghiệp Hà Nội
Authors: Hương Lê Lan , Lãnh Nguyễn Cao , Trang Nguyễn Thùy , Hương Nguyễn Thị Vân
Published: November 2024

Giải quyết thiếu hụt về nhà ở công nhân các khu công nghiệp là một vấn đề thời sự cấp thiết của nhiều địa phương trên cả nước. Thành phố Hà Nội hiện cũng đang đối mặt với vấn đề này, khi số lượng nhà ở công nhân mới chỉ đạt khoảng 10% nhu cầu. Việc làm rõ các mô hình quy hoạch các khu nhà ở công nhân, trên cơ sở đó lựa chọn mô hình phù hợp để phát triển trên bối cảnh thực tiễn của từng khu công nghiệp là rất cần thiết. Dựa trên phương pháp tổng hợp, phân tích các tư liệu pháp lý và các số liệu thực tiễn được thu thập từ khảo sát thực địa tại các khu công nghiệp và khu nhà ở công nhân Hà Nội, nhóm nghiên cứu đã đánh giá thực trạng và đưa ra các mô hình quy hoạch khu nhà ở cho công nhân. Tác giả cũng phân tích và chỉ rõ tính đồng bộ của từng mô hình, khả năng kết hợp các mô hình, việc phát triển theo giai đoạn và vai trò của các bên tham gia trong mô hình để từ đó làm căn cứ lựa chọn cho từng khu công nghiệp.
Yêu cầu độ bền ổn định của cột thép cho thiết kế kết cấu nhà nhiều tầng chịu động đất theo tiêu chuẩn Việt Nam và Châu Âu
Authors: Thuật Đinh Văn , Huy Nguyễn Quang , Hoà Lê Đức , Long Nguyễn
Published: November 2024

Bài báo trình bày các kết quả tính toán thiết kế cột thép cho nhà nhiều tầng chịu tác động động đất, trong đó các tải trọng và tổ hợp tải trọng được xác định theo TCVN 9386 (tương tự với EN 1998-1) và độ bền ổn định của cột được kiểm tra theo TCVN 5575:2024 hoặc EN 1993-1-1. Kết cấu được khảo sát có hoặc không có giằng cho khung ngang nhà (ký hiệu là UBF và BF). Kết quả thu được bao gồm tải trọng động đất, nội lực thiết kế cột từ tổ hợp tải trọng động đất thiết kế, kết quả kiểm tra ổn định của cột, ổn định của bản bụng và bản cánh cột. Kết quả tính ổn định của cột cho thấy đối với trục x thì TCVN 5575:2024 cho kết quả lớn hơn theo EN 1993 1-1 từ 69,9 đến 93,3%, trong khi đối với trục y thì kết quả tính theo EN lớn hơn theo TCVN từ 9,2 đến 48,6%. Hơn nữa, TCVN 5575:2024 cho kết quả tính đối với trục y nhỏ hơn đối với trục x; trong khi EN 1998-1 lại cho kết quả đối với trục y lớn hơn đối với trục x.
Nghiên cứu ứng xử chịu xoắn thuần túy của dầm bê tông cốt thép bằng mô hình màng hóa mềm cho xoắn
Authors: Sáng Nguyễn Vĩnh , Dũng Nguyễn Anh , Thắng Nguyễn Ngọc , Dũng Lê Đăng
Published: November 2024

Mô hình giàn hóa mềm (STM) đã được sử dụng để phân tích ứng xử xoắn của các cấu kiện bê tông từ những năm 1980. Tuy nhiên, phương pháp STM này bỏ qua ảnh hưởng của ứng suất kéo bê tông và chỉ có thể dự đoán ứng xử sau nứt. Trong khi đó, mô hình màng hóa mềm (SMM), được phát triển để dự đoán ứng xử cho các phần tử màng bê tông cốt thép chịu cắt, được mở rộng cho các cấu kiện bê tông cốt thép chịu xoắn, được gọi là mô hình màng hóa mềm cho xoắn (SMMT). Mô hình SMMT đã xem xét ảnh hưởng của ứng suất kéo bê tông và có thể dự đoán toàn bộ đường cong mô men – góc xoắn trước và sau nứt. Mô hình SMMT sử dụng có sửa đổi mô hình vật liệu cốt thép là mô hình hai đoạn thẳng, chảy dẻo lý tưởng. Ảnh hưởng của hệ số khếch đại Hsu/Zhu tại điểm phân giới cũng được xem xét. Mô hình SMMT sửa đổi này cho kết quả rất tốt về ứng xử chịu xoắn và mô men xoắn cực hạn so với các nghiên cứu thực nghiệm trước đây. Cuối cùng, điểm phân giới 0,002 được đề xuất sử dụng để tránh sự thay đổi đột ngột mô men xoắn.
THE USE OF READING LOGS METHOD TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING SKILL TO THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL FITRA ABDI PALEMBANG
Authors: Shandiya Whissa Gusti , Djunaidi  , Uzer Yus Vernandes
Published: November 2024

Reading logs are a method that can be used to make it easier for students to understand text or a reading in English subjects that aims to make a small note to remember important things in reading. With this method, researcher aim to improve students' skill in reading well. This research has several stages, which include the observation stage, preparation stage, implementation stage, and final stage. At that stage, the researcher conducted a pre-test and post-test to get the initial value and changes in students' reading skill using the reading logs method in the final stage. From the results of the research, researcher found significant changes in the reading skill of students with the following detailed results: skills worth 0.081 in the experimental class and 0.067 in the control class, exceeding the significant value ≥ α = 0.05. and a statistically significant value of 0.374 was declared homogeneous because it was greater than the significant level of 0.05 and in accordance with the hypothesis test that has been tested has a significant value of 0.000 and a significant level of 0.05, it has a significant effect in the application of the reading logs method.
Local field potentials and neural activity in motor networks in levodopa-induced dykinesia in a model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Brazhnik E. S. , Mysin I. E. , Novikov N. I.
Published: November 2024

Levodopa, a metabolic precursor of dopamine (DA), is used to treat movement disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Long-term use of levodopa causes a serious side effect known as levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). With the development of LID, high-frequency gamma oscillations (80–120 Hz) are reported in recordings of local field potentials (LFPs) from the motor cortex (MCx) in rats with experimental PD and in patients with Parkinson’s disease. The mechanisms underlying the occurrence of these oscillations and their connection with LID are not entirely clear. The study of activity in divisions of the motor network can provide valuable information about the mechanisms of development of pathological gamma-oscillations and LID. Rats with experimental PD were treated with levodopa for 7 days. Local field potentials and neural activity were recorded from electrodes implanted in the motor cortex, ventromedial nucleus of the thalamus (Vm), and substantia nigra pars reticularis (SNpr). Dyskinesia was assessed using a standard abnormal involuntary movement scale. Administration of levodopa significantly reduced the power of beta-oscillations (30–36 Hz) in all 3 parts of the motor neural network associated with bradykinesia in PD and caused the appearance in Vm and MCx coherent LFP oscillations in the high gamma-frequency range. Their coherence increased during priming between days 1 and 7. This activity was strongly associated with the occurrence of dyskinesia. In LID, an increase in the frequency of neuronal activity in Vm and MCx was accompanied by increased synchronization of neuronal activity with cortical gamma-oscillations in VM (68%) and MCx (25%). In contrast to Vm and MCx, SNpr did not exhibit gamma-range oscillatory activity during LID, and its neural activity was not synchronized with LFPs in Vm or MCx. It is significant that during the LID period the frequency of SNpr spike activity in most recordings (76%) decreased significantly and was approximately three times lower than the initial one (before the administration of levodopa). Administration of the antidyskinetic drug, 8-OH-DPAT, restored the initial characteristics of LFPs (30–36 Hz oscillation), neuronal activity, and bradykinesia. Thus, repeated administration of levodopa leads to a decrease of the inhibitory control in motor neural networks due to a significant reduction in activity of SNpr. Obviously, Vm and SNpr can be considered as the most important components of the motor neural network, making the main contribution to the occurrence of high-frequency gamma oscillations and LID.
Concept of a Diagnostic System for Measuring the Electron Temperature Profile of Plasma from the Intensity of Electron Cyclotron Emission for the TRT Facility
Authors: Solovev N. A. , Dias Mikhaylova D. E.
Published: November 2024

The paper presents a concept of the ECE diagnostic for the TRT facility and estimates the achievable measurement parameters in the baseline scenario. The target spectral region for the diagnostic corresponds to the first harmonic of the ECR frequency in ordinary polarization (O1) and the second harmonic in extraordinary polarization (X2). It is proposed to carry out measurements from the low-field side along two lines of sight: radial and toroidally oblique. The accessible spectral region in terms of the normalized radial coordinate is approximately estimated as –0.9 to 0.9 and –0.1 to 0.9. It is proposed to shape the input wave beam by means of a quasi-optical focusing system that provides a transverse size of the resolved region of approximately 3—5 cm for O1 and 1.2—3 cm for X2. For measurements, it is proposed to use Fourier transform spectrometers with a time resolution of about 10 ms and multichannel heterodyne receivers with a time resolution of about 1 μs. The minimum radial size of the resolved region is estimated to be 3—5 cm for O1 and 2—4 cm for X2, depending on the coordinate.
Anodic Formation and Photoelectrochemical Characteristics of Ag(I) Oxide on Ag-Pd System Alloys
Authors: Belyanskaya I. A. , Bocharnikova M. Yu. , Grushevskaya S. N. , Kozaderov O. A. , Vvedensky A. V. , Kannykin S. V.
Published: November 2024

Silver(I) oxide is considered as one of the promising materials for photoelectrochemical technologies, since it is characterized by an optimal band gap, relatively low cost, and a wide range of production methods. However, its characteristics such as quantum efficiency, morphology and crystal structure parameters require optimization, which can be achieved by applying the most suitable method for obtaining the material. One of the fairly simple methods is the anodic oxidation of silver or its alloys in an alkaline medium, which makes it possible to obtain oxide phases with a controlled composition and predictable properties by varying the concentration of alloy components and electrolysis mode. The purpose of this work is to reveal the features of anodic formation and to determine the photoelectrochemical characteristics of silver (I) oxide on silver alloys with palladium in deaerated 0.1 M KOH. The regularities of the anodic formation of Ag(I) oxide on alloys of the Ag-Pd system with an atomic fraction of palladium from 0.05 to 0.20 in deaerated 0.1 M KOH were studied by non-stationary electrochemical methods of cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry with synchronous recording of photocurrent, and measurement of photopotential. The phase composition of the alloys (alpha phase) was determined from the results of X-ray diffractometry. Сhemical composition was determined by energy dispersive microanalysis. Photoelectrochemical parameters were calculated from the results of measuring the photocurrent and photopotential. It was established that the Ag(I) oxide anodically formed on silver-palladium alloys is characterized by n-type conductivity and the predominance of donor defects. On alloys with a relatively low concentration of palladium (5 and 10 at. %), Ag(I) oxide with a higher concentration of defects is formed, while on alloys with a relatively high concentration of palladium (15 and 20 at. %), with a lower concentration of defects than on silver.
O-Acetylhomoserine Sulfhydrylase as a Key Enzyme of Direct Sulfhydrylation in Microbial Methionine Biosynthesis
Authors: Kulikova V. V. , Morozova E. A. , Lyfenko A. D. , Koval V. S. , Anufrieva N. V. , Solyev P. N. , Revtovich S. V.
Published: November 2024

Methionine biosynthesis in most microorganisms proceeds in two alternative ways. Each pathway is catalyzed by independent enzymes and is tightly regulated by methionine. The transulfurylation pathway involves the formation of a cystathionine, and cysteine acts as a source of sulfur. The enzymes of this metabolic pathway are characterized in detail. The direct sulfhydrylation pathway involves the synthesis of homocysteine with the participation of an inorganic sulfur source directly from O-acetylhomoserine and is predominant in most classes of bacteria. The subject of this review is the properties and functioning of one of the least studied enzymes of the direct sulfhydrylation pathway – O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase. A deep understanding of the mechanisms controlling the substrate and reaction specificity of O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase is a necessary step in the rational redesign of the enzyme in order to create a promising catalyst for the synthesis s of methionine and its derivatives, as well as, in combination with crystallographic data, for the development of new antimicrobial compounds based on effective enzyme inhibitors.
Comparative Evaluation of Effectiveness of Biocatalytic Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Known Antibiotics and “Chimeric” Cephalosporin Compounds
Authors: Sklyarenko A. V. , Groshkova I. А. , Gorbunov N. A. , Vasiliev A. V. , Kamaev A. V. , Yarotsky S. V.
Published: November 2024

The processes of biocatalytic synthesis of cefamandole and cefazoline, as well as four “chimeric” cephalosporins carrying functional groups of these antibiotics in the C3 or C7 position of β-lactam, were carried out using immobilized cephalosporin-acid synthetase under mild standard conditions. A higher efficiency of biocatalytic acylation of β-lactams with a 1(H)-tetrazolylacetic acid residue compared to acylation with almond acid residue was demonstrated. The chemical structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed using the HPLC–MS method. The possibility of using directly reaction mixtures for evaluating the antibacterial activity of synthesized compounds without isolating the target products was demonstrated. The activity of the obtained cephalosporins against twelve microorganisms belonging to the genera Enterococcus, Acinetobacter, Serratia, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and Escherichia was evaluated by diffusion into agar. The activity of synthesized “chimeric” cephalosporins against four microorganisms was found: Escherichia coli VKPM B-6695, Staphylococcus aureus VKPM B-6646, Staphylococcus aureus VKPM B-8171 and Staphylococcus epidermidis VKPM B-12635.
Development of Microplate Immunoenzyme Determination of Nonylphenol with Magnetic Sample Concentration
Authors: Berlina A. N. , Barshevskaya L. V. , Serebrennikova K. V. , Komova N. S. , Zherdev A. V. , Dzantiev B. B.
Published: November 2024

Nonylphenol is an aromatic organic compound that has an estrogen-like effect and has a negative effect on the human endocrine system. A method has been developed for the competitive determination of nonylphenol using magnetic particles, rabbit antiserum, nonylphenol conjugate with soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) and biotin. The principle of the analysis is the formation of immune complexes on the surface of magnetite particles due to covalent immobilization of protein G through the oriented immobilization of polyclonal antibodies from rabbit serum during a competitive reaction between the free analyte (nonylphenol) and the bound one (as part of the nonylphenol-STI-biotin conjugate) for the binding sites of specific antibodies. The detection of formed immune complexes is proposed to be carried out using a streptavidin-polyperoxidase conjugate, which makes it possible to achieve a nine-fold gain in the level of the analytical signal. The developed ELISA using magnetite particles allows us to achieve a detection limit of nonylphenol at the level of 3.8 ng/ml, which is 14.5 times lower in comparison with the classical competitive ELISA (55 ng/ml). Based on the results of the experimental work, the optimized volume of the test sample was 500 μl, which makes it possible to concentrate low-contaminated samples by 17 times.
Li3-2xNbxCr2-x(PO4)3 Complex Phosphates with the Nasicon Structure: Synthesis and lon Conductivity
Authors: Novikova S. A. , Yaroslavtsev A. B.
Published: November 2024

One of the main trends in the development of metal-ion batteries is the transition to lithium anodes, the safe use of which is impossible without replacing liquid membranes with solid membranes, primarily inorganic ones. Lithium-niobium-chromium phosphates with calculated compositions Li3–2xNbxCr2–x(PO4)3 (x = 0.95, 1.00, 1.05) were obtained by solid-state synthesis and characterized by XRD analysis and impedance spectroscopy. The obtained complex lithium-niobium-chromium phosphates with the NASICON structure crystallize in hexagonal modification. The lattice parameters of the synthesized materials decrease with increasing chromium content. The material of composition Li1.1Nb0.95Cr1.05(PO4)3 (3.10–5 S/cm at 25 °C) possesses the highest ionic conductivity and the lowest activation energy, which indicates a greater mobility of lithium ions by the interstitial mechanism even in the region of its own disorderliness.
Experimental Characterization of Biodegradable Films Based on Modified Starch and Chitosan
Authors: Zarubin D. M. , Kachalova E. A. , Salomatina E. V. , Smirnova O. N. , Smirnova L. A. , Abarbanel N. V. , Petukhov A. N. , Vorotyntsev A. V.
Published: November 2024

Gas transport and physico-mechanical properties of synthesized films based on modified starch and chitosan have been studied. The values of the permeability coefficients of pure gases included in the air for films based on modified chitosan and a copolymer based on modified starch and chitosan at a temperature of 23°C were determined. The oxygen permeability coefficient of the synthesized copolymer was compared with other polymers. A copolymer based on modified starch and chitosan was found to have medium oxygen barrier properties. The biodegradability of the samples under the action of the micromycete Aspergillus niger was studied by analyzing the degradation products by chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total biodegradation time of the samples was 4 weeks. These films are promising for use as packaging material.
ALIASING-FREE COMPACTION IN TESTING CORES-BASED SYSTEM-ON-CHIP	(SOC) USING COMPATIBILITY OF RESPONSE DATA OUTPUTS
Authors: Das Sunil R. , Assaf Mansour H. , Petriu Emil M. , Sahinoglu Mehmet
Published: November 2024

The realization of space-efficient support hardware for built-in self-testing (BIST) is of great importance in the design and manufacture of VLSI circuits. Novel approaches to designing aliasing-free space compaction hardware were recently proposed in the context of testing cores-based system-on-chip (SOC) for single stuck-line faults, extending the well-known concepts of conventional switching theory, specifically those of cover table and frequency ordering commonly utilized in the simplification of switching functions, and of compatibility relation as used in the minimization of incomplete sequential machines, based on optimal generalized sequence mergeability, as developed and utilized by the authors in earlier works. The advantages of these aliasing-free compaction methods over earlier techniques are quite obvious, since zero-aliasing is achieved without any modifications of the module under test (MUT), while keeping the area overhead and signal propagation delay relatively low as contrasted with the conventional parity tree linear compactors. Besides, the approaches could be applied with both deterministic compacted and pseudorandom test patterns. The subject paper, without furnishing details of the different algorithms developed in the implementation of these approaches to designing zero-aliasing space compactors, provides the mathematical basis of selection criteria for merger of an optimal number of outputs of the MUT to achieve maximum compaction ratio in the design, along with some results from simulation experiments conducted on ISCAS 85 combinational and ISCAS 89 full-scan sequential benchmark circuits, with simulation programs ATALANTA, FSIM, and HOPE.
USING DISTRIBUTED OBJECT MIDDLEWARE TO IMPLEMENT SCALABLE WORKFLOW	MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Schuster H. , Neeb J. , Schamburger R.
Published: November 2024

Support of distributed workflow execution and scalability are important issues for workflow management systems. Many cooperating workflow servers should build up a distributed workflow management system to meet the requirements especially of large enterprises. In these enterprises, access to workflows is usually restricted by certain organizational. Consequently, if an agent wants to start a workflow, only a small subset of the workflow servers of the enterprise is eligible to serve this request. One of them has to be selected. In this paper, we develop a formalization of these organizational rules and we provide a generally applicable distributed execution model for workflows, which is based on the distributed execution of subworkflows. This model is implemented by an advanced distributed object middleware. The distributed object system uses the organizational rules to implement the coordination among the workflow servers and to implement the load balancing and scheduling of workflow instances.
USING FRAGMENTATION TO INCREASE RELIABILITY FOR WORKFLOW	SYSTEMS
Authors: Tang J. , Veijalainen J.
Published: November 2024

In a large organization, at any moment there may exist a large number of process instances. If a failure occurs a considerable number of them may be affected. Thus enhancing reliability is an important issue in workflow applications. Traditionally, reliability is enhanced by replication. In the context of business processes with a client-server architecture, this can be done by replicating process instances at multiple servers. However, because of the large number of process instances and the potentially large amount of information pertaining to each instance, maintaining consistency among replicas is more complex and hence causes in a business environment a higher overhead than do traditional data-intensive applications. Thus the use of replication for business processes should be limited. In this paper, we propose a scheme to enhance reliability of business process without replication. The scheme incurs lower overhead than any replication scheme, yet can improve the reliability over the normal non-replication case. Our scheme can be used as a complement to replication. For example, it can be adopted in a case where the degree of criticality of a process instance does not warrant its replication, yet improving its reliability is desirable. Another merit of the scheme is that recovery can start even before the failed server is repaired.
A FRAMEWORK FOR AN AUTOMATED PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAM	DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Deek F. P.
Published: November 2024

A computer-based problem solving and program development environment that is consistent with the needed knowledge and skills to carry out the tasks of programming is defined. This system takes into consideration the difficulties involved in learning programming and the existing environments and their shortcomings with respect to how well they meet students needs. This framework for an automated problem solving and program development environment for beginning learners is based on a synthesized process of problem solving, adapted to the particular requirements of programming tasks, and the cognitive activities required at each stage of the process.
AN OPEN ARCHITECTURE FOR ADAPTIVE WORKFLOW MANAGEMENT	SYSTEMS
Authors: Siebert R.
Published: November 2024

One of the main tasks of workflow management systems is the coordination of activities in business processes. This paper introduces a solution framework to support adaptive workflows with complex and unstructured task dependencies. In the first section, the research direction is outlined and a short overview of the PoliFlow project is given. Then, requirements for enterprise process management systems are identified with a special focus on coordination and control of unstructured processes. Taking these requirements as a basis, an integrated approach for adaptive workflow support is presented. A flexible workflow model including advanced control structures allows actors to modify workflow instances during runtime. Finally, a reference architecture is proposed. On the basis of the SWATS system, it is illustrated how an adaptive support layer can be integrated to extend existing workflow management systems. The paper concludes with an overview of the current state of the work and future issues.
CUSTOMER INTEGRATED SYSTEMATIC DESIGN
Authors: Otto K. N. , Wood K. L.
Published: November 2024

A systematic method of product design is presented here, based upon understanding the customer, conducting teardowns of competitive products, function structure modeling, and systematic concept selection.
SYSTEM DYNAMICS AND FEEDBACK CONTROL DESIGN PROBLEM FORMULATIONS	FOR REAL TIME RAMP METERING
Authors: Kachroo Pushkin , Krishen Kumar
Published: November 2024

This paper formulates the ramp metering control problem as a real-time feedback control problem. The development is shown by modeling freeway sections, and hence the results are immediately applicable to isolated ramp metering problems. The ideas presented in this paper can be utilized to develop coordinated ramp metering feedback control techniques. Three different forms of the formulation for are presented: (1) distributed parameter system form derived from the conservation law; (2) space discretized continuous lumped parameter form; (3) space and time discretized lumped parameter form. These formulations can be considered as the starting points for development of feedback control laws for the different control problems stated in this paper. This paper presents the feedback control problems and a new nonlinear control design for an isolated ramp metering problem. Simulations are performed for the isolated case using the new nonlinear feedback control law which show very encouraging results.
INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL AND EXECUTIONAL MODELING OF SOFTWARE USING	WEB-BASED DATABASES
Authors: Kulkarni Deepak , Marietta Roberta Blake
Published: November 2024

During software development and maintenance, an engineer needs to be able to answer a variety of questions about the software in a very short time, many of which relate to information generated during the specification and design phases. In the current state of practice, this is sometimes not possible. Any solution to this problem should allow group usability of information, automatic creation of information in target form from the structure in which it was created and selective fast access. This paper presents a framework for doing so based on integrated modeling of software, use of automatic information extraction tools, web technology and databases. We then describe demonstrations that indicate that such a solution can be produced at a reasonable cost in an error-free manner and would meet the concerns of safety analysts about the sensitivity of safety analysis information.
THE ACADEMY OF TRANSDISCIPLINARY EDUCATION AND RESEARCH	(ACTER)
Authors: Ertas A.
Published: November 2024

Education is a revolutionary concept that has continued to evolve since the times when Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and other great philosophers would come together with their followers in a room to discuss knowledge and exchange their ideas. Had Plato not suggested his brilliant concept of knowledge being presented to many in a place of learning, which we would call a building or an academy, education might have remained within the boundaries of small rooms to be shared by only a select few. Like those great thinkers of old, our group has met together with followers on a regular basis, discussing the possible directions that education and research might take in the new millennium. We were stumbling over the implications and mechanics of various interdisciplinary educational models until Dr. George Kozmetsky introduced the transdisciplinary concept. This concept has provided a light by which we have embarked on the implementation and development of a bold new educational process, the transdisciplinary model for education and research.
THE POTENTIAL FOR MISCOMMUNICATION USING E-MAIL AS A SOURCE OF	COMMUNICATION
Authors: Rainey Vicki P.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore inherent characteristics and functional uses of electronic mail (e-mail) that may create the possibility of miscommunication and an impoverished medium for conducting successful personal/social interactions.
Advances in Integrating Rapid Prototyping and Three-Dimensional Digitizing into Design Methodology and Product Development Processes
Authors: Grote Karl-H. , Beyer Christiane , Birke Christian , Tenbusch Alexander
Published: November 2024

This paper describes the impact of rapid prototyping and reserve engineering processes on structured product development processes. Solid modeling, rapid prototyping, three-dimensional digitizing and surface reconstruction are valuable product development tools; however, a well-coordinated integration of them is necessary. This requires the exploration of the context and the interdependence between these tools. Focusing on design methodology, the results of the scientific analysis contribute to an efficiency maximization of design processes. Quality and time-to-market aspects (cost effective design of new products, variant design, re-engineering of existing products) play an essential role in this analysis.
A PRACTICAL LOOK AT SOFTWARE INTERNATIONALISATION
Authors: Purvis Martin , Hwang Peter , Purvis Maryam , Madhavji Nazim , Cranefield Stephen
Published: November 2024

Software internationalisation is the process of developing software products that are not dependent on specific local or cultural attributes or practices. It is becoming an increasingly important topic as software gets integrated into the very fabric of our society and cultures worldwide. In this paper we present a view of some of the current issues by examining what steps had to be taken in order to carry out a particular software internationalisation task: a software system that was developed for English speakers was modified (localised) so that it could be used by speakers of Traditional Chinese. We describe the details of how this internationalisation task was carried out, what existing tools and techniques were useful, and offer suggestions concerning how the task of internationalisation may be made easier. The concluding discussion covers future directions for software internationalisation.
PURSUIT EVASION: THE HERDING NON-COOPERATIVE DYNAMIC GAME
Authors: Kachroo Pushkin , Shedied Samy A. , Vanlandingham Hugh
Published: November 2024

A class of pursuit evasion problems is studied. This problem involves a "dog" agent herding a "sheep" agent in order to take the sheep to a pen. The problem is stated in terms of the allowable sequential actions of the two agents and the game being played because of the choices each agent has. The solution is obtained using the dynamic programming principle applied in the game setting. The algorithm is analyzed and simulation results are presented.
DATA EXTRACTION FROM REPOSITORIES ON THE WEB: A SEMI-AUTOMATIC	APPROACH
Authors: Bayrak Coşkun , Kolukísaoğlu Hayrettin , Sieloff Steve
Published: November 2024

The World Wide Web (WWW) is becoming the most important source of information for business intelligence and information dissemination. Past information gathering techniques like surfing and sifting are proving insufficient in processing the vast volumes of data readily available from the Web. In addition, companies are being forced to integrate this vast data repository within specific cost, time, and reliability spectrums. This paper presents the fundamentals of a system called "Browser Harness" (B2H) that extracts the requested data from Web sites in a supervised fashion. The algorithmic background of this system is based on the tag structure of web pages, as HTML is the predominate choice for rendering web page content on the WWW. B2H is an interactive tool for harnessing data from semi-structured and structured web pages by analyzing the tag structure of the input page and locating the data in the HTML code. The extracted data is then exported to XML, delimited text, or database tables.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A STATIC BRIDGE BETWEEN COM AND CORBA	DISTRIBUTED OBJECTS
Authors: Chitra A. , Sadasivam G. Sudha
Published: November 2024

The distributed object standards Component Object Model (COM) and Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) apply object technology to design and use software components. While COM forms a good front end for the Microsoft Systems, CORBA is well suited for middle tier and back end Unix servers. By integrating them, the user can get a combination of the best attributes of both the systems. Bridging software is needed to transparently couple components from both the systems. This paper discusses a static method of achieving COM/CORBA interworking using a generic IDL compiler. It maps the COM and CORBA IDLs onto an intermediate representation from which stubs and skeletons are generated. Further, threading is used to allow multiple COM clients to contact a single CORBA server using Internet Interoperable Protocol / Transmission Control Protocol (IIOP/TCP) as a communication medium. To improve the networking speed and to bring about multicasting, IIOP/UDP has also been tried as a communication medium. The Object Reference (OR) from the implementation repository (IMR) and the Object Identifier (OID) from the registry have also been cached to improve the speed of the name lookup mechanism.
A NETWORK TEACHING TOOL FOR VISUALIZING AND ANALYZING ROUTING	PROTOCOLS
Authors: Wu Hao , Chiang Chia-Chu
Published: November 2024

To overcome the difficulty of learning network protocols by examining the algorithms or examples, a tool has been designed and partially implemented under which the algorithms can be visualized and investigated. For instance, students can construct a network topology that consists of a set of nodes and links by clicking the mouse on the screen. Attributes may be specified to constrain the behavior of individual nodes, such as the rate at which packets are transmitted. For each link, the cost of delivering data frames along that link may be specified, together with the likelihood and extent of packet loss, corruption and delay. Each possibility may be specified using standard statistical distributions. By altering the positions of network nodes and links, a number of different aspects of routing algorithms may be highlighted. The nodes may be overwhelmed and links may be congested, enabling different routing algorithms to be investigated. In addition to the visualization of protocols, the tool also provides capabilities for statically analyzing the protocols without animating the algorithms. The static analysis facilitates the students to observe the strengths, weaknesses, and limitations of the protocols. The computer networks course is an integration of network design and protocols with practical hands-on experience. This paper describes the tool itself, as well as the experiences gained in using the tool. We illustrate the use of the tool with the visualization of the Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm for finding a shortest path in a network topology and the analysis of the algorithm to pinpoint the problems of this algorithm.
CONTENT-BASED FRAMEWORK FOR COMPONENT LIBRARIES
Authors: Kurfess Franz , Cheng Ching Kang , Wang Z.Y. , Jololian L.
Published: November 2024

The construction of large software systems from existing components requires efficient access to possibly large collections of such components. In this paper, we present a content-based framework to organize this large collection of components in a semi-automatic fashion, according to an extensible user-defined ontology. Neural associative memories are used for fast, similarity-based access. Relevant characteristics of components are extracted and stored as a "signature" in such an associative memory, and during retrieval the closest matches to the query are indicated in very short time. In addition to content-based characteristics such as keywords, function and variable names, comments, and the location of the component in the class hierarchy, this method can be easily expanded to include usage characteristics, resource requirements, or other task- or customer-specific criteria.
A NOVEL HIERARCHICAL METHOD FOR DECOMPOSITION AND DESIGN OF	WORKFLOW MODELS
Authors: Zerguini Loucif
Published: November 2024

Modeling and analysis of large and complex workflow processes includes transformation of the process logic into a formal representation. Petri net-based modeling is convenient, but it suffers from the complexity due to states explosion problems, which make the technique less practical. In this paper, we develop simple and powerful Petri net transformations rules that can reduce or expand the Petri net model of workflow. Then we show that the modified net can be obtained without changing the correct behavior of the original net. A sequence of transformation results in a hierarchy of reduced nets that allow easy verification and hierarchical decomposition of the system. Moreover, we show that our result can be used as a design tool for the correct construction of an arbitrary class of sound workflow structures. An efficient algorithm is provided to tackle this new approach comprehensively.
A NEW INSIGHT INTO PREDICTION MODELING SYSTEMS
Authors: Suh Sang C. , Saffer Sam I. , Li Dan , Gao Jingmiao
Published: November 2024

Data mining and forecasting has attracted a lot of research interest in time series data sequence. The paper brings a new insight in how to select different time series forecasting models to make prediction according to different situations and data patterns. The contribution of this research is to facilitate prediction modelling system design for extensive forecasting purpose.
FINITE STATE AUTOMATA AS CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR E-SERVICES
Authors: Berardi Daniela , De Rosa Fabio , De Santis Luca , Mecella Massimo
Published: November 2024

Recently, a plethora of languages for modeling and specifying different facets of e-Services have been proposed, and some of them provide constructs for representing time. Time is needed in many contexts to correctly capture the dynamics of transactions and of composability between e-Services. However, to the best of our knowledge, all the proposed languages for representing e-Service behavior and temporal constraints lack both a clear semantics and an underlying conceptual model. In this paper, we propose a conceptual representation of e-Service behavior, taking time constraints into account, and a new XML-based language, namely web service transition language (WSTL), that integrates well with standard languages in order to completely specify e-Services. In particular, WSTL allows for specifying an e-Service starting from its conceptual representation, in a straightforward way.