bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETERMINAN PERILAKU PEMENUHAN GIZI USIA BAWAH DUA TAHUN DI KECAMATAN CAKUNG DAN PULOGADUNG, KOTA JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Pelangi Bunga , Ayubi Dian Tias
Published: November 2019

Prevalensi gizi kurang dan gizi buruk di Indonesia cenderung stagnan tinggi, sama halnya dengan yang terjadi di DKI Jakarta. Wilayah Jakarta Timur, menjadi lokasi dengan prevalensi tertinggi di DKI Jakarta yaitu 18,6% dari 14,5% (2017). Secara spesifik, Kecamatan Cakung memiliki  prevalensi tertinggi di Jakarta Timur dan Kecamatan Pulogadung berisiko tinggi terkena gizi kurang. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku pemenuhan gizi yang tidak sesuai menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya kondisi tersebut. Periode 0-24 bulan adalah waktu standar emas dalam perkembangan otak dan fisik, sehingga diperlukan asupan gizi yang berkelanjutan. Tujuan penelitian adalah ingin mengetahui determinan perilaku pemenuhan gizi usia bawah dua tahun (baduta). Metode penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan  cross sectional. Responden penelitian adalah  132    ibu yang memiliki anak usia 24-36 bulan,  dipilih dengan teknik  purposive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara survey menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata perilaku ibu dalam memenuhi gizi usia baduta sudah baik. Berdasarkan uji multivariat diketahui pengetahuan, sikap dan dukungan instrumental dari suami berhubungan dengan perilaku pemenuhan gizi usia baduta. Dari hasil penelitian diharapkan  ada intervensi promosi kesehatan melalui model  social and behavioral change communication  yang menekankan adanya upaya peningkatan pengetahuan, pembentukan sikap yang positif dan adanya upaya tindakan langsung dari suami dalam mendukung perilaku.    Kata kunci: Perilaku Pemenuhan Gizi, Baduta, Pengetahuan, Sikap, Dukungan Suami
GAMBARAN PERESEPSI TERHADAP RAGAM ALAT KONTRASEPSI MKJP DAN NON MKJP WANITA USIA SUBUR (WUS) DI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Aldila Dwika , Damayanti Rita
Published: November 2019

Alat kontrasepsi merupakan produk yang digunakan oleh akseptor KB untuk memenuhi kebutuhan fertilitasnya. Dengan pilihan alat kontrasepsi yang beragam, akseptor KB memiliki peluang memilih jenis alat kontrasepsi yang digunakan. Berdasarkan tingkat efektifitas alat kontrasepsi untuk mencegah kehamilan, jenis kontrasepsi yang paling efektif adalah Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP). Persepsi akseptor terhadap alat kontraepsi berpengaruh terhadap metode kontrasepsi yang dipilih. Persepsi akseptor yang tidak benar mengenai MKJP menyebabkan ketidaksesuain akseptor memilih alat kontrasepsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder ICMM 2016. Penilitian ini menggunakan distribusi  frekuensi dan mean  untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi terhadap ragam alat kontrasepsi MKJP dan Non MKJP. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah wanita usia subur (WUS) usia 15 –  49 Tahun yang menggunakan alat kontrasepsi di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) yang berjumlah 9100 responden. Penelitian ini menunjukan gambaran persepsi preferensi terhadap alat kontrasepsi, persepsi perbandingan kesamaan alat kontrasepsi MKJP dan Non MKJP, persepsi karakteristik alat kontrasepsi yang diinginkan responden terkait kemudahan dan efektivitas, dan persepsi perbandingan kesamaan karakteristik antara alat kontrasepsi MKJP dan Non MKJP.  Dalam upaya peningkatan cakupan penggunaan MKJP diperlukkan strategi komunikasi dalam pembuatan program promosi dengan melihat gambaran persepsi akseptor terhadap ragam alat kontrasepsi yang akan mereka pilih atau mereka gunakan.   Kata Kunci: Keluarga Berencana, Alat Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang, Persepsi Alat Kontrasepsi
LANSIA DALAM MENGHADAPI BENCANA DI KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Suwarningsih Suwarningsih , Nurwidiasmara Luvita , Mujahidah Zakiyah
Published: November 2019

Bencana merupakan situasi yang tidak terduga, dimana dalam kondisi tersebut bisa terjadi kerusakan, kematian atau kehilangan harta benda. Pengetahuan dan sikap lansia dalam menghadapi bencana sangat dibutuhkan untuk mencegah terjadinya korban jiwa. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap lansia dalam menghadapi bencana. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah Kampung Babakan Peundeuy Kota  Bogor Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ada hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan dan sikap (p  value  = 0.004) pada lansia dalam menghadapi bencana. Saran untuk penelitian ini yaitu diharapkan adanya program peningkatan pengetahuan dengan mengadakan pelatihan dan pemberdayaan lansia dalam menghadapi bencana di Kota Bogor.  Kata Kunci: Bencana, Lansia, Pengetahuan, Sikap
Facile regiodivergent synthesis of spiro pyrrole-substituted pseudothiohydantoins and thiohydantoins via reaction of [e]-fused 1H-pyrrole-2,3-diones with thiourea
Authors: Kobelev Aleksandr I , Tretyakov Nikita A , Stepanova Ekaterina E , Dmitriev Maksim V , Rubin Michael , Maslivets Andrey N
Published: November 2019

A highly divergent synthesis of regioisomeric thiohydantoins and pseudothiohydantoins spiro-fused to a pharmacologically valuable pyrrole-2-one fragment involving the reaction of [e]-fused 1H-pyrrole-2,3-diones with thioureas was developed. The obtained spiro pseudothiohydantoin derivatives were found to undergo a pseudothiohydantoin–thiohydantoin rearrangement. The reactions were shown to proceed under catalyst-free conditions in good yields, and the products were isolated without applying preparative chromatography methods.
Droplets. II. Internal Velocity Structures and Potential Rotational Motions in Pressure-dominated Coherent Structures
Authors: Chen Hope How-Huan , Pineda Jaime E. , Offner Stella S. R. , Goodman Alyssa A. , Burkert Andreas , Friesen Rachel K. , Rosolowsky Erik , Scibelli Samantha , Shirley Yancy
Published: November 2019

We present an analysis of the internal velocity structures of the newly identified sub-0.1 pc coherent structures, droplets, in L1688 and B18. By fitting 2D linear velocity fields to the observed maps of velocity centroids, we determine the magnitudes of linear velocity gradients and examine the potential rotational motions that could lead to the observed velocity gradients. The results show that the droplets follow the same power-law relation between the velocity gradient and size found for larger-scale dense cores. Assuming that rotational motion giving rise to the observed velocity gradient in each core is a solid-body rotation of a rotating body with a uniform density, we derive the “net rotational motions” of the droplets. We find a ratio between rotational and gravitational energies, β, of ∼0.046 for the droplets, and when including both droplets and larger-scale dense cores, we find β ∼ 0.039. We then examine the alignment between the velocity gradient and the major axis of each droplet, using methods adapted from the histogram of relative orientations introduced by Soler et al. We find no definitive correlation between the directions of velocity gradients and the elongations of the cores. Lastly, we discuss physical processes other than rotation that may give rise to the observed velocity field.
A Population of Neutron Star Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources with a Helium Star Companion
Authors: Shao Yong , Li Xiang-Dong , Dai Zi-Gao
Published: November 2019

It was recently proposed that a significant fraction of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) actually host a neutron star (NS) accretor. We have performed a systematic study on the NS ULX population in Milky Way–like galaxies, by combining binary population synthesis and detailed stellar evolution calculations. Besides a normal star, the ULX donor can be a helium star (the hydrogen envelope of its progenitor star was stripped during previous common envelope evolution) if the NS is accreting at a super-Eddington rate via Roche lobe overflow. We find that the NS−helium star binaries can significantly contribute to the ULX population, with the overall number of about several in a Milky Way–like galaxy. Our calculations show that such ULXs are generally close systems with orbital period distribution peaked at ∼0.1 day (with a tail up to ∼100 days), and the helium stars have relatively low masses distributing with a maximum probability at ∼1M
⊙.
Capabilities of X-ray diffuse scattering method for study of microdefects in semiconductor crystals
Authors: Bublik Vladimir T. , Voronova Marina I. , Shcherbachev Kirill D.
Published: November 2019

The capabilities of X-ray diffuse scattering (XRDS) method for the study of microdefects in semiconductor crystals have been overviewed. Analysis of the results has shown that the XRDS method is a highly sensitive and information valuable tool for studying early stages of solid solution decomposition in semiconductors. A review of the results relating to the methodological aspect has shown that the most consistent approach is a combination of XRDS with precision lattice parameter measurements. It allows one to detect decomposition stages that cannot be visualized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and moreover to draw conclusions as to microdefect formation mechanisms. TEM-invisible defects that are coherent with the matrix and have smeared boundaries with low displacement field gradients may form due to transmutation doping as a result of neutron irradiation and relaxation of disordered regions accompanied by redistribution of point defects and annihilation of interstitial defects and vacancies. For GaP and InP examples, a structural microdefect formation mechanism has been revealed associated with the interaction of defects forming during the decomposition and residual intrinsic defects. Analysis of XRDS intensity distribution around the reciprocal lattice site and the related evolution of lattice constant allows detecting different decomposition stages: first, the formation of a solution of Frenkel pairs in which concentration fluctuations develop, then the formation of matrix-coherent microdefects and finally coherency violation and the formation of defects with sharp boundaries. Fundamentally, the latter defects can be precipitating particles. Study of the evolution of diffuse scattering iso-intensity curves in GaP, GaAs(Si) and Si(O) has allowed tracing the evolution of microdefects from matrix-coherent ones to microdefects with smeared coherency resulting from microdefect growth during the decomposition of non-stoichiometric solid solutions heavily supersaturated with intrinsic (or impurity) components.
Electromyographic and ultrasonographic evaluation of neuromuscular electrical stimulation training on the equine rectus abdominis muscle
Authors: Hernández-Fernández T. , Gutiérrez-Cepeda L. , López-Sanromán J. , Manso-Díaz G. , Cediel R.
Published: November 2019

The current study aimed to determine the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on equine rectus abdominis using surface electromyography (sEMG) and ultrasonographic muscle thickness evaluation. Five horses were trained with NMES for 12 weeks; muscle thickness and sEMG evaluations were obtained before and after the training period. Three different tests were carried out for sEMG evaluations: Test A tried to elicit a voluntary maximal isometric contraction (VMIC); Test B used NMES to elicit a muscular contraction; and Test C used 1 ms repetitive electrical impulses to elicit a series of M-waves. Muscle strength was evaluated from the root mean square (RMS; Tests A and B) and peak to peak (PP; Test C) values obtained from the sEMG data. Measures related to amplitude (RMSa; RMSm; RMSa; PP) were normalised with their pre-training values for every muscle prior to statistical analysis, leading to values as a proportion of the initial value. The evaluation of muscle fatigue was performed using a Fourier test analysis of the frequency range, obtaining the median frequency (MF) for all tests. Muscle thickness (MT) was measured by ultrasound of left and right sides of the rectus abdominis. Data were analysed using non parametric test of Wilcoxon (Test A RMSa; Test A RMSm; Test B RMSa; Test B RMSm; Test C PP; MT; P<0.05) and t-test (Test A MF; Test B MF; Test C MF; P<0.05). Statistical differences were observed between baseline and trained horses. Muscle force increase following NMES training in Test B (RMSa 2.50±0.69; RMSm 2.59±0.76) and Test C (PP 5.20±1.76). Fatigue of the rectus abdominis decreased in Test A (168.33±55.19 vs 232.63±44.15 Hz) and Test C MF (187.93±20.76 vs 236.98±52.39 Hz), but not in Test B (363.98±45.48 vs 327.95±50.84 Hz). The difference in muscle thickness between the two groups was not significant (10.96±0.64; 11.78±0.79 mm). The results suggest that NMES training could be used as an effective method to increase muscle force and fatigue resistance of the rectus abdominis muscle in the horse.
An investigation into the association of the physical fitness of equestrians and their riding performance: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Aegerter A.M. , Latif S.N. , Weishaupt M.A. , Gubler B.E. , Rast F.M. , Klose A. , Pauli C.A. , Meichtry A. , Bauer C.M.
Published: November 2019

Poor riding performance may be due to medical issues with the horse or a variety of other factors, such as inadequate equipment or deficiencies in training. The physical fitness of the equestrian is one of the most unexplained factors of current research. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the physical fitness of the equestrian and riding performance. 115 equestrians were assessed for physical fitness and riding performance. Seven components of physical fitness (balance, endurance, flexibility, reaction, speed, strength, symmetry) were measured by a physiotherapist using equestrian-specific tests. Based on a video-recorded riding test, individual riding performance was rated by two equestrian judges. The riding test included the horse and rider performing a walk, sitting trot, rising trot and canter in both directions. A linear model for riding performance, including the domains of physical fitness and potential confounders (body-mass-index, riding experience, hours of riding per week, and test-motivation), was fitted to the data. Inter-rater reliability of the judges was investigated by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Endurance, reaction and strength were positively associated with riding performance, whereas flexibility had a negative association. The final model could explain 16.7% of the variance in riding performance. The effects of endurance and strength were significant (P<0.05), but not that of reaction. No association with riding performance was found for the components of balance, speed and symmetry. The inter-rater reliability of judges was confirmed to be ‘good’ to ‘excellent’ (ICC=0.9, 95% confidence interval: 0.86-0.93). Findings suggest that physical fitness is positively associated with riding performance. Fitness-training for equestrians should be included in current training concepts. Future research should investigate whether similar associations exist for junior and elite athletes.
Mentoring
Authors: Kowalski Karren
Published: November 2019

This article focuses on the definition of mentoring and what mentors need to know. It also describes a mentoring mindset and specific mentoring behaviors. Negative behaviors and approaches are also identified to facilitate differentiation between actions that work and those that extinguish mentoring relationships.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2019;50(12):540–541.]
Improving the Clinical Skills and Knowledge of Midwives and Nurses Caring for Late Preterm Neonates
Authors: Cooper Alannah L. , Brown Janie A. , O'Connor Therese , Eccles Siobhan
Published: November 2019

Background:

Due to changes in funding, late pre-term neonates are no longer admitted to neonatal units unless diagnosed with a specific medical condition. Consequently, neonates born at a gestational age of 35 weeks and 0 days to 36 weeks and 6 days are cared for on postnatal wards. Compared with full-term infants, late preterm neonates are at increased risk of hypothermia, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, feeding difficulties, respiratory complications, and mortality.

Method:

An educational intervention focusing on the care of the late preterm neonate was developed, and quantitative data were collected pre- and post-intervention to assess the effect on knowledge, skills, and attitudes.

Results:

Of the midwives and nurses who participated, 65% (
n
= 13) strongly agreed and 35% (
n
= 7) agreed their knowledge and confidence had increased. The mean score increased from a range of 20 to 25 pre-intervention to 22 to 25 post-intervention.

Conclusion:

The intervention increased the self-reported confidence and self-reported competence of participants, who also felt more supported caring for late preterm neonates.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2019;50(12):551–556.]
Comparison of High-Fidelity Simulation and Lecture to Improve the Management of Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring
Authors: Lee Hsiu-Lan , Liu Pei-Chi , Hsieh Meng-Chen , Chao An-Shine , Chiu Ya-Wen , Weng Yi-Hao
Published: November 2019

Background:

We developed a training course of fetal monitoring using high-fidelity simulation for obstetric nurses.

Method:

All participants were assessed by two standardized written tests for knowledge and interpretation of fetal heart rate tracing before and after the training. In addition, a self-estimated questionnaire survey was performed twice—after the training and 6 months later.

Results:

The knowledge and interpretation of fetal heart rate tracing significantly improved in the simulation group. Compared with the lecture group, the perceived improvements of knowledge and interpretation of fetal heart rate tracing in the simulation group were significantly better following the training and 6 months later.

Conclusion:

High-fidelity simulation courses are useful in improving the knowledge and interpretation of fetal heart rate tracings for obstetric nurses. They are more effective to improve both short- and long-term management in fetal heart rate monitoring.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2019;50(12):557–562.]
Using the Blackboard Platform—More Than a Course Site
Authors: Raines Deborah A.
Published: November 2019

Using the Blackboard Platform—More Than a Course Site

This article describes an innovative use of the Blackboard platform to provide a source of information and a sense of presence and connection among students admitted to an accelerated, second-degree baccalaureate (BSN) program. The Internet and, specifically, course platforms such as Blackboard, WebCT, Angel, and others have become popular for course delivery in today’s universities. Although most faculty are familiar with the use of these platforms for teaching, the platforms have the potential to serve other functions as well. We have developed a virtual community on Blackboard to fulfill a need expressed by students accepted into our accelerated BSN program. [more...]
Pricing and Liquidity in Decentralized Asset Markets
Authors: Üslü Semih
Published: November 2019

I develop a search‐and‐bargaining model of endogenous intermediation in over‐the‐counter markets. Unlike the existing work, my model allows for rich investor heterogeneity in three simultaneous dimensions: preferences, inventories, and meeting rates. By comparing trading‐volume patterns that arise in my model and are observed in practice, I argue that the heterogeneity in meeting rates is the main driver of intermediation patterns. I find that investors with higher meeting rates (i.e., fast investors) are less averse to holding inventories and more attracted to cash earnings, which makes the model corroborate a number of stylized facts that do not emerge from existing models: (i) fast investors provide intermediation by charging aspeed premium, and (ii) fast investors hold more extreme inventories. Then, I use the model to study the effect of trading frictions on the supply and price of liquidity. On social welfare, I show that the interaction of meeting rate heterogeneity with optimal inventory management makes the equilibrium inefficient. I provide a financial transaction tax/subsidy scheme that corrects this inefficiency, in which fast investors cross‐subsidize slow investors.
Dynamic Quantile Models of Rational Behavior
Authors: Castro Luciano , Galvao Antonio F.
Published: November 2019

This paper develops a dynamic model of rational behavior under uncertainty, in which the agent maximizes the stream of future
τ‐quantile utilities, for
τ ∈ (0,1). That is, the agent has a quantile utility preference instead of the standard expected utility. Quantile preferences have useful advantages, including the ability to capture heterogeneity and allowing the separation between risk aversion and elasticity of intertemporal substitution. Although quantiles do not share some of the helpful properties of expectations, such as linearity and the law of iterated expectations, we are able to establish all the standard results in dynamic models. Namely, we show that the quantile preferences are dynamically consistent, the corresponding dynamic problem yields a value function, via a fixed point argument, this value function is concave and differentiable, and the principle of optimality holds. Additionally, we derive the corresponding Euler equation, which is well suited for using well‐known quantile regression methods for estimating and testing the economic model. In this way, the parameters of the model can be interpreted as structural objects. Therefore, the proposed methods provide microeconomic foundations for quantile regression methods. To illustrate the developments, we construct an intertemporal consumption model and estimate the discount factor and elasticity of intertemporal substitution parameters across the quantiles. The results provide evidence of heterogeneity in these parameters.
L’agriculture urbaine à Beyrouth, Liban
Authors: Lteif Carine , Soulard Christophe-Toussaint
Published: November 2019

En Méditerranée, l’agriculture urbaine connaît des dynamiques variées, entre déclin et renouveau. Le cas de Beyrouth au Liban permet d’illustrer cette adaptation de l’agriculture urbaine en fonction du rôle joué par les statuts fonciers agricoles. Nous portons le focus sur les terres waqf (ou habous) qui sont des biens privés inaliénables dont le revenu doit servir la communauté, sous forme d’actions pieuses. Nous identifions trois figures de l’agriculture urbaine à Beyrouth : une agriculture relique, une agriculture où la propriété waqf permet des usages multiples, et l’élevage urbain. Selon nos résultats, les waqf procurent une plus grande sécurité foncière à l’agriculture, tandis que d’autres terres privées conservent des usages agricoles exposés à une grande précarité foncière.
Foreign Languages Learning
Authors: Margounakis Dimitrios G.
Published: November 2019

This chapter examines which capabilities of interactive TV can be used to enhance the foreign languages learning experience in children and adolescents. In modern English language courses, interactive whiteboard software and interactive e-books provide several multimedia capabilities, whose relative transition in their iTV version can be of great benefit for students. The possible changes that the educational process may undergo due to the use of interactive TV in the light of the blended learning model, as well as the expected benefits of this transition are discussed in this chapter. It also examines how beneficial the use of iTV functions as a support process in the traditional classroom model would be and if it is feasible to use it autonomously entirely for the learning process, considering the specificities of the age group under consideration.
Work Stress and Psychosocial Factors in the Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Hernández Mónica Gabriela Gutiérrez , Martínez Rosa María Reyes , Maldonado-Macias Aide Aracely , Leal Jaime Sánchez , Rodríguez Jorge De La Riva
Published: November 2019

Companies are in constant search of greater productivity and better use of resources; however, they have neglected the human being. In this regard, it is important to analyze the presence of the psychosocial factors to which workers are exposed at all levels. These factors exert both a positive and a negative influence and indeed turn into a risk when they are not in balance with worker capabilities. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the psychosocial factors present in the manufacturing industries. The methodology consisted of conducting a search in two databases in addition to government pages. A combination of keywords was used for the search, and each publication was classified according to the factors analyzed, the type of evaluation, and the area of application. Out of all 2,468 publications found, eight were selected. Finally, work-related psychosocial factors were found to be the most analyzed.
All-in-One Academics
Authors: Ünnü Nazlı Ayşe Ayyıldız , Şentürk Burcu
Published: November 2019

The changing nature of higher education systems and academic work all around the world generally and in Turkey specifically highlight the need for academics to use, analyze, and process so much information simultaneously, and deliver results at a specific period of time, which cause them mental workload. Thus, this chapter addresses the problem of understanding and exploring the dynamics of mental workload in Turkish academic setting. The main data for the analysis comes from a wide field research, including 505 questionnaires and 45 in-depth interviews with academics in various universities of Turkey. The mixed methods research revealed that growing publication pressures, administrative work, teaching and supervision hours, the unpredictability of academic positions, the curse of flexibility, and the bureaucratic nature of universities are some of the factors, leading to mental workload in Turkish academia. The other dynamics, such as academic incentive system, demanding nomination/promotion criteria, lack of family-work life balance, were also explored.
Mental Workload Assessment and Its Effects on Middle and Senior Managers in Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Realyvásquez-Vargas Arturo , Z-Flores Emigdio , Morales Lilia-Cristina , García-Alcaraz Jorge Luis
Published: November 2019

This chapter aims to know the mental workload level and its effects on middle and senior managers in manufacturing companies. The chapter aims to know the mental workload level related to gender, age range, civil status, number of children, years of experience, and worked hours per week. As method, the NASA-TLX method was implemented. This method measures mental workload based on six dimensions: mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, effort, performance, and frustration level. Data was collected by applying an online questionnaire. Results indicated that some dimensions contributed to mental workload in the following decreasing order: mental demand, temporal demand, effort, performance, frustration level, and physical demand. Similarly, results from mental workload level varied from 55.73 to 64.10. Nevertheless, there was no clear relationship between the gender, age range, civil status, number of children, years of experience, worked hours per week, and mental workload level. Finally, employees manifested mental workload mainly due to stress, mental fatigue, and headache.
Determination of the Critical Success Factors of Philosophies, Techniques, and Tools for Continuous Improvement Applied in the Service Sector
Authors: Madrigal Karla F. , Gomez Erwin Martinez , Morales Salvador A. Noriega , Torres-Arguelles Vianey , López Roberto Romero
Published: November 2019

At the global level, the service industry represents a critical component for the economy and its growth trend is above of the other sectors. This sector alone is responsible for 63% of the gross domestic product and 45.5% of labor occupation worldwide. Despite its role in modern economies, the sector receives very little attention. In the literature, the authors have found the efforts that have been made to increase the efficiency and productivity of this type of organizations: adapting philosophies, tools, and/or techniques that were born to achieve this goal in the manufacturing industry, such as Lean manufacturing, total quality management, six sigma, lean six sigma, among others. The objective of this study is to perform an exhaustive literature review of the critical success factors reported in diverse studies of the implementation of these tools or philosophies in the service sector, as well as their differences, similarities, and results.
Assessing Program Outcomes of an M.Ed. Curriculum and Instruction Program
Authors: Telese James A. , Chamblee Gregory
Published: November 2019

Many mathematics education degree programs, especially at the graduate level, are now transitioning to an online format. There is a need to document how mathematics content and content pedagogy are assessed in an online environment. The objectives of this chapter are to document how a public higher education institution in Texas transitioned their master's degree program for mathematics teachers from a face-to-face program to an online program and how this transition impacted the assessment process related to the learning of content and pedagogical content knowledge.
Hybrid Courses for Preparing Elementary Mathematics Specialists
Authors: Pitvorec Kathleen , Tavormina Mary Jo
Published: November 2019

Post-secondary education has seen an explosion of interest in computer-supported collaborative learning as a pathway for teacher education. Hybrid courses potentially provide broader access to coursework while keeping costs manageable. In this chapter, the authors report on the iterated design and implementation of hybrid courses designed to prepare teachers to become elementary mathematics specialists. The authors describe a framework for building face-to-face and synchronous online sessions that complement each other, while attending to community building, the exploration of mathematical and pedagogical content, as well as the development of leadership skills and tools. They discuss how they have addressed the challenges of online coursework in their evolving course design. They present their successes and how they have capitalized on the opportunities these successes offer, and they conclude by synthesizing the lessons they have learned, the implications of our work, and the recommendations they have for moving forward.
Preservice Teacher Perceptions on the Design of a U-Pace Online Course Compared to a Conventional Face-to-Face Mathematics Content Course
Authors: Gichobi Mary N. , Dresser Todd , Kraftcheck Nathan
Published: November 2019

This chapter examines preservice teachers' (PSTs) perceptions on the design of both an online and face-to-face mathematics content course for elementary and middle school preservice teachers. The chapter describes the instructor's design goals, considerations, and describes PSTs' experiences in the process of completing the course. Further, the chapter describes the features of the course that provided productive learning opportunities for PSTs. Drawing from PSTs' reflection after completing an online course and face-to-face course, the chapter compares PSTs' experiences and learning outcomes from the online course compared to a traditional face-to-face course. Finally, the authors explicate the affordances and constraints encountered by both the instructor and the students as they completed the online course.
Synchronous Online Model for Mathematics Teachers' Professional Development
Authors: Choppin Jeffrey , Amador Julie M. , Callard Cynthia , Carson Cynthia , Gillespie Ryan
Published: November 2019

In this chapter, the authors present the design rationale for and empirical results from a predominantly synchronous three-part online model for the professional development of mathematics teachers in rural contexts. They describe how the design of the components are complementary and are intended to support teachers to develop challenging instructional practices, even when the teachers are geographically remote and dispersed. The three parts include an online course, online video coaching, and online demonstration lessons. They describe how they used conjecture mapping to enhance collaboration within the project team and to inform iterations of the model. They then present empirical results related to each of the components of the model and draw conclusions based upon what they have learned.
Learning to Teach Mathematics Online
Authors: Wachira Patrick
Published: November 2019

Online learning has become an important vehicle for student learning. The number of students choosing the online learning option to earn their degrees has grown over the recent years. Many universities across the US already offer web-based learning and are placing more courses online. This trend is motivated by several issues among which is new pedagogical opportunities web-based learning provides, advancement on research in online education, increasing student numbers, reaching diverse audiences, and meeting students at their own time and place. Even so, there is little research on its effectiveness especially in the context of mathematics teaching to strengthen preservice teachers' subject-matter knowledge and pedagogical skills. This chapter presents an investigation into how online learning can meet the goals of teaching mathematics in a way that is consistent with mathematics education reform goals of developing mathematical understanding.
Intergenerational Differences and Education Needs
Authors: Tamer Mine Gözübüyük
Published: November 2019

This study aims to reveal the intergenerational differences and the educational needs of generations. According to the light of the specific indicators and data obtained from field studies in different generations (Baby Boom, X, and Y) in Turkey, the source of intergenerational differences was questioned; the educational needs and opportunities of the generations and their educational backgrounds were evaluated. Interview technique was used as a data collection tool in the research to be conducted depending on the qualitative research model. In the field dimension of the study, 16 participants that consist of eight male and eight females within a given family were included. The responses were subjected to descriptive analysis. Bowles and Gintis' views on education will be included. The results are summarized in accordance with the response of participants to questions in the fieldwork.
Non-Thermal Food Preservation Methods in the Meat Industry
Authors: Col Basak Gokce , Tuggum Sergen , Yıkmış Seydi
Published: November 2019

The most commonly used meat preservation methods include cooling, freezing, drying, vacuum packing, and curing. Meat quality is impaired by a wide range of changes including physical, chemical, microbiological, and enzymatic reactions. Food manufacturers focus on processes that require fewer chemical additives to meet the increased demand of consumers and to obtain more natural, healthy, and nutritious meat products. Non-thermal food preservation methods are one of the new trends to minimise thermal effects on texture, nutritional value, and flavor losses of meats. The chapter focuses on two novel approaches; non-thermal (Pulsed Electric Field) and Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma (APCP) Technologies.
Novel Packaging Technologies in Dairy Products
Authors: Turkmen Nazli , Ozturkoglu-Budak Sebnem
Published: November 2019

The packaging process is an important step in maintaining the quality characteristics of foods. Packaging foods protects products from external effects and provides product information to consumers. Due to the various changes occurring during the distribution and storage of the products, some significant quality characteristics can be lost. In recent years, novel packaging technologies have been developed to supply long shelf life, safety, and ‘fresh-like' characteristics to the products. These novel technologies include nanotechnology, modified atmosphere packaging, active packaging, and intelligent/smart packaging. Since dairy products are generally vulnerable to biological, physical, and chemical changes, they lose their quality characteristics within a short term. Therefore, the use of these novel techniques in dairy products is greatly important. This chapter informs about general principles of the novel packaging techniques and their current applications in dairy technology.
Recent Trends and Challenges in Sensory and Perception Science
Authors: Aktar Tugba
Published: November 2019

Eating is a vital and essential part of life. The routine process is not straightforward but highly sophisticated in that it incorporates dynamic changes on the food structure that triggers different modalities of food sensation. Sensory studies are being expanded with contributions from physiology, psychology, dentistry, neuroscience, and food science. All these experts seek answers to catastrophic and complicated procedures created by the oral process. This chapter provides information about the past and present of sensory science in 5 main sections: Sensation and perception (to provide an insight to psychological and physiological approaches); psychophysical laws (to interpret the missing link between the stimulus and perception); sensory market success and consumer behavior (to highlight the necessity of sensory testing for the industry and consumer); sensory evaluation methods; and recent developments in the field.
A Simulation Study on the Impact of InP Barrier on InGaAs/InP Hetero Junction Gate all around MOSFET
Authors: Vimala P. , Samuel T.S. Arun
Published: November 2019

In this work, we have analyzed the digital and analog performance for InGaAs/InP heterojunction Gate all around MOS structure. A detailed study on the impact of Barrier thickness on different analog and digital performance for an InGaAs/InP hetero structure GAA MOSFET is carried out by using TCAD device simulation. The electrical parameters such as surface potential, electric field, transfer characteristics, output characteristics, transconductance and output conductance is carried out and analyzed by varying the barrier thickness from 1 nm to 4 nm. Based on the simulation results it is investigated that the effect of the all electrical parameters in the nanoscale devices. It has been seen from the presented results that the influence of barrier thickness variation gives the notable improvement in drain current. The impact of InGaAs/InP hetero structure and barrier thickness variation claims GAA MOSFET as a promising candidate for VLSI applications. Keywords: Heterojunction, InGaAs/InP, TCAD, Analog parameters.
Effect of Water Temperature, pH Value, and Film Thickness on the Wettability Behaviour of Copper Surfaces Coated with Copper Using EB-PVD Technique
Authors: Ali Naser , Teixeira Joao Amaral , Addali Abdulmajid
Published: November 2019

This research investigates the effect of surface roughness, water temperature, and pH value on the wettability behaviour of copper surfaces. An electron beam physical vapour deposition technique was used to fabricate 25, 50, and 75 nm thin films of copper on the surface of copper substrates. Surface topographical analysis, of the uncoated and coated samples, was performed using an atomic force microscopy device to observe the changes in surface microstructure. A goniometer device was then employed to examine the surface wettability of the samples by obtaining the static contact angle between the liquid and the attached surface using the sessile drops technique. Waters of pH 4, 7, and 9 were employed as the contact angle testing fluids at a set of fixed temperatures that ranged from 20°C to 60°C. It was found that increasing the deposited film thickness reduces the surface roughness of the as-prepared copper surfaces and thus causing the surface wettability to diverge from its initial hydrophobic nature towards the hydrophilic behaviour region. A similar divergence behaviour was seen with the rise in temperature of water of pH 4, and 9. In contrast, the water of pH 7, when tested on the uncoated surface, ceased to reach a contact angle below 90o. It is believed that the observed changes in surface wettability behaviour is directly linked to the liquid temperature, pH value, surface roughness, along with the Hofmeister effect between the water and the surface in contact.
In Vitro Compatibility of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles (HAp-NPs) for Restoration Purposes of Archaeological Lime-Based Plasters
Authors: Marey Mahmoud Hussein
Published: November 2019

For a number of years, nanomaterials have been considered as a perfect solution to maintain the stability of different cultural heritage materials. In the present trial, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAp-NPs) have been synthesized via the wet chemical reaction of calcium nitrate and ammonium hydroxide. Then, the possible efficiency of HAp-nanoparticles was evaluated to improve restoration formulas for some archaeological lime-based plasters. A broad series of analytical methods, namely OM, FE-SEM, TEM, AFM, XRD and BET surface area-pore size analysis, was selected for characterizing the archaeological samples and to rate the experimental tests. Further, the physical-mechanical behavior of samples was measured. The emulated modifications induced by the HAp-NPs treatment have been evaluated and discussed.
Role of Plasmon Modes on the Optical Reflectivity of Graphene-Metallic Structures: A Theoretical Approach
Authors: Hernandez Linares I.G. , de la Cruz G. Gonzalez
Published: November 2019

In recent years, the tunable plasmon modes in the terahertz region of a multilayer graphene structure interacting with a metallic film substrate have attracted significant interest motivated by the graphene´s unique optical and electronic properties and the possibility to enhance light-matter interaction. In this work, the plasmon waves in graphene layered systems on a conducting thin film are investigated, the hybrid graphene-metal metamaterialis surrounded by two semi-infinite materials with different dielectric constants ε1andε2, respectively. The dispersion relations of electronic collective excitations are calculated by the zeros of an effective dielectric constant obtained from a recursive relation for the amplitudes associated with the electric field between graphene layers in the metamaterial. Long-range Coulomb interactions based on the hybrid layered graphene-metal structure lead new set spectra of collective excitations. At long wavelength (q®0) the optical modes (w~q1/2)depend on the two-dimensional carrier density, the metallic thickness, the metallic substrate plasmon frequency, the number of the graphene layers and the dielectric constants in which the hybrid graphene-metal structure is embedded. This latter plays an important role in a wide range of applications such as a surface plasmon resonance biological sensors and terahertz surface plasmons in optically pumped graphene metamaterials.
SegCloud: a novel cloud image segmentation model using deep Convolutional Neural Network for ground-based all-sky-view camera observation
Authors: Xie Wanyi , Liu Dong , Yang Ming , Chen Shaoqing , Wang Benge , Wang Zhenzhu , Xia Yingwei , Liu Yong , Wang Yiren , Zhang Chaofang
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Cloud detection and cloud properties have significant applications in weather forecast, signal attenuation analysis, and other cloud-related fields. Cloud image segmentation is the fundamental and important step to derive cloud cover. However, traditional segmentation methods rely on low-level visual features of clouds, and often fail to achieve satisfactory performance. Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are able to extract high-level feature information of object and have become the dominant methods in many image segmentation fields. Inspired by that, a novel deep CNN model named SegCloud is proposed and applied to accurate cloud segmentation based on ground-based observation. Architecturally, SegCloud possesses symmetric encoder-decoder structure. The encoder network combines low-level cloud features to form high-level cloud feature maps with low resolution, and the decoder network restores the obtained high-level cloud feature maps to the same resolution of input images. The softmax classifier finally achieves pixel-wise classification and outputs segmentation results. SegCloud has powerful cloud discrimination ability and can automatically segment the whole sky images obtained by a ground-based all-sky-view camera. Furthermore, a new database, which includes 400 whole sky images and manual-marked labels, is built to train and test the SegCloud model. The performance of SegCloud is validated by extensive experiments, which show that SegCloud is effective and accurate for ground-based cloud segmentation and achieves better results than traditional methods. Moreover, the accuracy and practicability of SegCloud is further proved by applying it to cloud cover estimation.
WAVETRISK-1.0: an adaptive wavelet hydrostatic dynamical core
Authors: Kevlahan Nicholas K.-R. , Dubos Thomas
Published: November 2019

Abstract. This paper presents the new adaptive dynamical core wavetrisk. The fundamental features of the wavelet-based adaptivity were developed for the shallow water equation on the β plane and extended to the icosahedral grid on the sphere in previous work by the authors. The three-dimensional dynamical core solves the compressible hydrostatic multilayer rotating shallow water equations on a multiscale dynamically adapted grid. The equations are discretized using a Lagrangian vertical coordinate version of the dynamico model. The horizontal computational grid is adapted at each time step to ensure a user-specified relative error in either the tendencies or the solution. The Lagrangian vertical grid is remapped using an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) algorithm onto the initial hybrid σ-pressure-based coordinates as necessary. The resulting grid is adapted horizontally but uniform over all vertical layers. Thus, the three-dimensional grid is a set of columns of varying sizes. The code is parallelized by domain decomposition using mpi, and the variables are stored in a hybrid data structure of dyadic quad trees and patches. A low-storage explicit fourth-order Runge–Kutta scheme is used for time integration. Validation results are presented for three standard dynamical core test cases: mountain-induced Rossby wave train, baroclinic instability of a jet stream and the Held and Suarez simplified general circulation model. The results confirm good strong parallel scaling and demonstrate that wavetrisk can achieve grid compression ratios of several hundred times compared with an equivalent static grid model.
Technological Innovations Tackling Biodiversity Loss: Solutions or Misdirection?
Authors: Wilkinson Cross Kate
Published: November 2019

Using original data derived from the thematic analysis of three international agreements and the 2016 Conference of the Parties (COP) and Meeting of the Parties (MOP) Decisions, this article examines the incorporation of technology and technological innovation in the biological diversity regime. It finds that that the biodiversity regime incorporates discourses of ecological modernisation and prioritises technological innovation for biodiversity loss, particularly in the 2016 COP and MOP Decisions.The empirical analysis indicates that themes regarding progress, 'improving' the environment and the role of technology in mediating economic growth and development are embedded in references to technology and technological innovation. Drawing on an ecofeminist perspective, this article examines how these themes highlight the prioritisation of technological innovation to prevent biodiversity loss. The author concludes that this prioritisation inhibits opportunities to fully engage with developing alternative approaches towards resolving environmental problems as these approaches require a re-evaluation of the societal institutions and practices that exploit and destroy the non-human environment.