bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Fresh Insights in Psychological Contract Research
Authors: Khuda Kudrat
Published: January 2024

Extant literature in the psychological contract field has addressed the ramifications of psychological contract breach, much of the evidence is drawn from the West. Perspectives from the Global South are not represented in proportion. The emergence of China and India, etc. to global players signals the criticality of examining the psychological contract in socio-cultural spheres outside the West. The article's contribution is clarifying culture and contexts as critical in theorizing modern inclusive psychological contract, transcending the West. It is found that culture is a key determinant of the form and functioning of the psychological contract in the Global South where allegiance, kinship, social networks impact on the perception and acceptance of employment relations and working conditions, etc. This means that, in many developing country contexts (despite perceived exploitation of workers by global players), there is limited association between psychological contract breach and employee turnover or organizational performance because the ‘divine' helps manage post-psychological breach.
Multimodal Sentiment Analysis Method Based on Hierarchical Adaptive Feature Fusion Network
Authors: Zhang Huchao
Published: January 2024

The traditional multi-modal sentiment analysis (MSA) method usually considers the multi-modal characteristics to be equally important and ignores the contribution of different modes to the final MSA result. Therefore, an MSA method based on hierarchical adaptive feature fusion network is proposed. Firstly, RoBERTa, ResViT, and LibROSA are used to extract different modal features and construct a layered adaptive multi-modal fusion network. Then, the multi-modal feature extraction module and cross-modal feature interaction module are combined to realize the interactive fusion of information between modes. Finally, an adaptive gating mechanism is introduced to design a global multi-modal feature interaction module to learn the unique features of different modes. The experimental results on three public data sets show that the proposed method can make full use of multi-modal information, outperform other advanced comparison methods, improve the accuracy and robustness of sentiment analysis, and is expected to achieve better results in the field of sentiment analysis.
Neurotechnologies Applied to Society's Perception of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) in Smart Cities
Authors: Juárez-Varón David , Gaón René Ernesto Esquivel , Mengual-Recuerda Ana , Vera-Sepúlveda Camilo
Published: January 2024

This study aims to quantify the perception of value and acceptance by citizens of the use of cyber-physical systems (CPS) in transportation systems and smart cities using neurotechnologies. The work has been developed in the main cities of the following Latin American countries: Spain, Ecuador, Colombia, and Argentina. Targeting urban, public transport-using graduates, it assesses CPS in smart cities and user experiences. Triangulating qualitative research and neurotechnology, the study extends the taxonomy of emotional domains. The results indicate that users do not always assign equivalent importance to what they truly feel, and it is noteworthy that the most important factor, both quantitatively and emotionally, is the application of CPS to improve efficiency in public transportation. The implications of these analyses are discussed in the final part of the article with the aim of providing recommendations to policymakers on the key aspects to be considered in the design and development of CPS for use in smart cities.
Acute ischaemic larger artery stroke presenting as a subcortical lesion with grey matter sparing: a case report
Authors: Paranavitane S. , Wijesinghe N. T. , Manokaran P. , Bandusena S. , Fernando A.
Published: January 2024

Large artery infarctions classically involve both white matter and grey matter in the distribution of the occluded artery. Rarely, large artery infarctions can present as isolated white matter lesions. We describe a 38-year-old, right-hand dominant woman, who presented with sudden onset right face-arm-leg weakness together with expressive aphasia. Neuroimaging demonstrated changes restricted to the white matter in the distribution of the left middle cerebral artery territory. Vascular imaging of her head and neck vessels showed irregular narrowing of the intracranial portions of the left internal carotid artery. Vasculitis was suspected due to these findings on imaging, and she was initially treated with steroids. However, due to the negative vasculitis work-up and an inadequate response, the steroids were discontinued, and she was treated with antiplatelets and statins. Early stroke rehabilitation commenced while inward.Large artery ischaemic strokes can rarely present as white matter lesions when there is adequate collateral circulation, which leads to the sparing of the grey matter.
Poncet’s disease, an uncommon manifestation of a common disease: a case report
Authors: Malavipathirana C. T. W. , Fernando A. H. N. , Senanayake N. P.
Published: January 2024

Poncet’s disease is a form of reactive arthritis caused by active extra-articular tuberculosis. Limited data available on this rare disease has hindered a complete understanding of it. Even though its prevalence was previously disputed, the incidence has recently been increasing, prompting the need for improved knowledge. Polyarthritis can be the only initial symptom preceding overt manifestation, and it can cause disabling pain, leading to restricted mobility and function. However, even in the context of active tuberculosis, polyarthritis of Poncet’s disease can be misinterpreted as another rheumatological disease that presents similarly.We report a 47-year-old woman, who presented with inflammatory polyarthritis in the background of recurrent sterile pyuria with obstructive uropathy which was due to active genitourinary tuberculosis. She showed a dramatic resolution of symptoms following the initiation of anti-tuberculous treatment.We suggest that tuberculosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for patients presenting with atypical joint pain, particularly in regions where tuberculosis is endemic.
Diagnostic significance of individual glucose values in oral glucose tolerance test and the associated risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant mothers: A cross-sectional study
Authors: De Silva U. H. , Dissanayake M. , Amarasiri S. S.
Published: January 2024

Background: The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is mainly based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in Sri Lankan clinical setting. The present study was to assess the diagnostic significance of individual glucose values in 75g OGTT in a group of pregnant mothers, to modify the test procedure to make it more convenient and cost-effective and to identify the associated risk factors for GDM.Methods: A total of 150 pregnant women within the second trimester and attending the antenatal clinics at Teaching Hospital Mahamodara were recruited for the study. Data collection was carried out via an interviewer-administered questionnaire followed by retrieval of laboratory data on OGTT.Results: Seventeen pregnant women (11.33%) were diagnosed with GDM by OGTT based on the WHO criteria. Diagnosis was based on either fasting or 2-hour glucose values alone or by increased levels in more than one of those parameters. None of them were diagnosed based on the 1-hour glucose value alone. The AUC values were 0.951 (0.884, 1.000), 0.829 (0.715, 0.942) and 0.859 (0.776, 0.943) respectively for fasting, 1-hour and 2-hour glucose concentrations (CI 95%). GDM was associated with uncontrolled sweet consumption (X2=5.86, p=0.015) and no association was observed with reference to maternal age, parity, BMI, positive family history of diabetes, and prior history of GDM or diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: Fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose values have higher diagnostic accuracy over 1-hour glucose values and the findings suggest the performance of fasting and 2-hour samples alone in the standard 75g OGTT procedure for the diagnosis of GDM.
Coronary artery disease
Authors: De Alwis M. , Wijesinghe N.
Published: January 2024

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the commonest cause of death worldwide. The primary pathological process that leads to IHD is atherosclerosis, an inflammatory disease of the arteries associated with lipid deposition and metabolic alterations due to multiple risk factors. More than 70% of at-risk individuals have multiple risk factors for IHD, and only 2-7% of the general population has no risk factors. Coronary risk factors include diabetes, hypertension, socioeconomic factors, lifestyle factors and family history. Emotional stress or acute physical exertion may also trigger coronary events. Acute coronary syndrome is often the first clinical manifestation of IHD. Mortality due to IHD increases with advancing age, and death rates are higher among males compared to females. There is a significant regional variation in IHD related mortality both within and between countries.
ECG Quiz
Authors: Wijesinghe R. A. N. K.
Published: January 2024

No abstract available
ECG quiz – Answers
Authors: Co-Editors
Published: January 2024

No abstract available
The impact of maternal congenital heart disease on pregnancy outcomes in Malta: a retrospective study
Authors: Caruana Maryanne , Gatt Miriam , Aquilina Oscar , Ventura Charles Savona , Grech Victor , Somerville Jane
Published: January 2024

Background: Most female patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) are becoming pregnant. Maternal CHD can have a negative impact on mother and fetus. This is the first study investigating pregnancy outcomes in Maltese grown-up congenital heart disease (GUCH) patients and one of few to compare these with outcomes in women without heart disease. Methods: Known GUCH pregnancies for the period of 2007-2014 were extracted from our database (GUCH cohort) and cardiovascular outcomes retrieved from hospital notes. A control cohort of 540 pregnancies in women without cardiovascular disease was generated through twenty-fold random matching based on subject age from among all pregnancies in Maltese nationals for the same 8-year period. Obstetric and offspring outcomes were compared between the two cohorts. Results: The GUCH cohort consisted of 27 pregnancies in 24 women. Cardiovascular complications occurred in only 1/27 (3.7%) pregnancies. Elective Caesarean sections were commoner (29.6% vs. 15.4%) and unassisted vaginal deliveries less frequent (51.9% vs. 64.6%) in the GUCH cohort (p=0.02). Obstetric complication rates were similar. GUCH women had smaller babies (median 3030 g vs. 3230 g; p=0.045) and showed a trend towards more small-for-gestational age babies (18.5% vs. 8.4%; p=0.08) and congenital malformations (7.4% vs. 2.4%; p=0.06). Conclusions: Despite the potential adverse effects of maternal CHD on mother and fetus, most pregnancies are uncomplicated and outcomes comparable to those in women without heart disease, particularly if baseline clinical status is good. Based on our findings, it is being proposed that prospective mothers be counselled about the possibility of having smaller infants.
Encasement of the left anterior descending coronary artery: association with Takotsubo syndrome, and diagnostic and therapeutic options
Authors: Peters Stefan
Published: January 2024

Myocardial bridging is a rare event, which leads to chest pain, arrhythmias and discussable Takotsubo syndrome (cardiomyopathy). We enrolled 41 patients (33 females, mean age 68.4 years), the majority of whom had Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in any form, and 6 had echocardiographic midventricular hypokinesia along with chest pain. Thirty patients had apical ballooning, 3 had midventricular ballooning, and 1 had basal ballooning, according to left ventricular angiography. Intravascular ultrasonography and fractional flow reserve with either an adenosine or dobutamine injection are the best methods for accurately diagnosing myocardial bridging. Beyond atherosclerosis, myocardial bridging is a prominent cause of chest pain, although ischemia is difficult to verify.
Defining iron replete status in patients with heart failure treated with intravenous iron
Authors: Talha Khawaja M. , Butler Javed , von Haehling Stephan , Lainscak Mitja , Ponikowski Piotr , Anker Stefan D.
Published: January 2024

Iron deficiency is an important therapeutic target in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Over the past two decades, several trials of intravenous (IV) iron supplementation in HFrEF have shown favorable effects on symptoms, functional status, and heart failure (HF) hospitalizations...
Intervention options: depression and cardiovascular disease during COVID-19
Authors: Flouda Eirini , Stefanatou Athena , Apergi Tinia
Published: January 2024

An attempt to review links of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression and present appropriate treatment methods for handling depression in the COVID-19 pandemic is made. Although depression constitutes one of the major mental health challenges that humankind must encounter in the 21st century it remains undiagnosed and untreated in CVD patients. Its great influence on the progress of CVD led to its classification as a risk factor along with dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity, substance use, sedentary lifestyle (poor diet, stress) making imperative the need for treatment methods. As during COVID-19 pandemic we witnessed the elevation of mental distress as involving both lifestyle choices and dealing with unprecedented life situations while inducing psychological distress or exacerbating preexisting physical and mental health problems – depression could act both as a contributor to and as the result of CVD. A 4-step intervention program is suggested.
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Iran: a multicenter study
Authors: Khelghati Fatemeh , Nasirpour Seilakhori Fatemeh , Goudarzi Mehdi , Malekloo Shima , Shahidi Bonjar Amir Hashem , Goudarzi Hossein , Nasiri Mohammad Javad
Published: January 2024

The worldwide incidence of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is rapidly increasing, and it has emerged as a pressing public health issue in Iran. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of up-to-date research on the prevalence of MDR-TB in individuals with pulmonary TB in the country. In this cross-sectional study, we gathered a total of 1216 respiratory samples, each corresponding to a unique patient, from five distinct regional TB laboratories in Iran. We identified clinical isolates as Mycobacterium tuberculosis using the IS6110-based PCR assay and Xpert MTB/RIF. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) was conducted using the conventional proportion method. Out of the collected specimens, 448 tested positive for M. tuberculosis. Among these isolates, 445 (99.4%) exhibited susceptibility to the tested drugs, while 3 (0.6%) were found to be MDR. The findings from this recent study indicate that the prevalence of MDR in Iran stands at 0.6%. The absence of recently approved treatment protocols in various regions of Iran, along with inadequately equipped laboratories lacking DST capabilities, could contribute significantly to the rise in TB/MDR-TB prevalence in Iran. Therefore, the implementation of enhanced treatment management strategies and the adoption of innovative technologies are essential steps towards improving the current situation.
Concept: Electrical Cardiac Stimulation is Detected by the Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System with Possible Effects on the Vasovagal Reflex
Authors: Sutton Richard , Dijk J. Gert Van
Published: January 2024

A novel concept is described concerning the possible effect of right ventricular pacing stimulation being detected by the cardiac autonomic nervous system and through its afferent neuronal connection to the central autonomic nervous system (spinal cord) causing reversal or attenuation of the vasovagal reflex. This could be a direct effect of electrical stimulation or may occur by the known adverse consequences on ventricular synchrony induced by stimulation which could be right ventricular site and timing in the evolution of the vasovagal reflex dependent.
PHPT with Pancreatitis: Atypical Presentation of PHPT
Authors: Devgan Yuvraj , Mayilvaganan Sabaretnam , Mishra Anjali , Chand Gyan , Agarwal Gaurav , Mohindra Samir , Gupta Sushil , Agarwal Amit
Published: January 2024

Background:

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is rarely associated with the occurrence of acute or chronic pancreatitis, requiring complex perioperative management. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and disease characteristics of pancreatitis in PHPT.

Materials and Methods:

This study is a clinicopathological analysis of the medical records of patients who were diagnosed with PHPT with pancreatitis between 1989 and 2021 in the Endocrine Surgery department, SGPGI, Lucknow.

Results:

Out of 548 PHPT cases, 44 (8.03%) were found to be associated with pancreatitis. The mean age was 33.57 years (15–65 years); 5 were ≤20 years, while 26 were ≤30 years of age. There were 27 males and 17 females. Twenty-one cases were of acute (11 acute, nine recurrent acute, one acute on chronic), whereas 23 were of chronic pancreatitis (six chronic calcific pancreatitis). The major clinical presentation of PHPT with pancreatitis was abdominal pain (65.91%). The mean number of attacks per patient in recurrent acute pancreatitis was two. Mean PTH levels were 68.19 pmol/L. The mean tumor size (in the largest dimension) was 2.79 ± 1.4 cm while the mean tumor weight was 4.91 g. Nephrolithiasis was associated with 25 cases. An association with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome was seen in one case. The final histopathological diagnosis was parathyroid carcinoma in two, hyperplasia in three, and parathyroid adenoma in 39 cases. Normocalcemia was seen in 27.2%, hypercalcemic crisis in 15.9%, and 25% of patients required semi-emergency parathyroidectomy. The outcome was favorable in all, as none had any further attacks of pancreatitis.

Conclusion:

In our study, the prevalence of pancreatitis in PHPT cases was 8.03%. The majority of patients were young. Normocalcemia was seen in 12 patients, so even if calcium levels are normal, PHPT should be suspected in young patients with pancreatitis. Parathyroidectomy resulted in the complete resolution of symptoms of pancreatitis in all 44 patients.
An Integrated Clinical Score to Predict Remission in Cushing’s Disease
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Dutta Aditya , Baruah Mintu Mani , Bhansali Anil , Ahuja Chirag Kamal , Dhandapani Sivashanmugam , Bhadada Sanjay Kumar , Saikia Uma Nahar , Walia Rama
Published: January 2024

Objective:

To derive a clinical score from parameters that favor remission of Cushing’s disease (CD) after pituitary surgery.

Methods:

This is an analysis of 11 clinical, hormonal, and post-operative parameters that each favored remission in a cohort of 145 patients with CD treated by trans-sphenoidal surgery (TSS). Each parameter was designated as a categorical variable (presence/absence), and several favorable parameters present for each patient were calculated. From this, a median parameter score (clinical score) of the entire cohort was derived, which was then compared to the event of remission/persistence of CD.

Results:

The median number of favorable parameters present in the entire cohort was 3 (0–7). The significant count of patients in remission increased with the increasing number of parameters. The receiver-operator characteristic curve showed that the presence of ≥3 parameters was associated with remission in CD with a sensitivity of 84.2% and a specificity of 80%. Patients with a clinical score ≥3 had significantly higher remission rates (88.9%) than those who had persistent disease (27.3%; P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

A clinical score of ≥3 predicts remission in CD treated by TSS; however, it requires validation in other large cohorts. Rather than assessing individual parameters to predict remission in CD, an integrated clinical score is a better tool for follow-up and patient counseling.
The dark side of being a pathologist: Unravelling the health hazards
Authors: Khan Saima
Published: January 2024

Background:

Pathologists are indispensable to the practice of medicine. Awareness of health hazards among pathologists is a crucial aspect of today’s time. Numerous occupational health risks are prevalent which are mostly ignored; for example, the association of microscope use for prolonged durations leading to the development of chronic pain syndromes has been acknowledged for nearly three decades, yet most pathologists are unaware about this hazard until after it transforms into a chronic health issue. The purpose of this study is to learn its prevalence in working pathologists, make them aware of the risks, discuss and encourage them to proactively integrate strategies which are preventive in nature into their daily routine lives.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to analyze the level of risk, knowledge, awareness and biosafety measures taken by the pathologists in their routine daily work life.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted in a developing country, Northern India, using a standard online 50-item questionnaire enquiring about routine practices. 450 participants were enrolled consisting of 360 pathologists and 90 residents of pathology.

Results:

Among the 450 enrolled study participants, 84.8% complained of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), with the neck being the commonest location of pain. Furthermore, 74.8% reported visual refractive errors, among which myopia took the highest place. Work injuries were reported in 60% of participants. Intolerance reactions to chemicals especially formaldehyde was observed in 63.1%. Depression and burnout were reported in 42%.

Conclusions:

Although knowledge seems to be near adequate, there is a lack of implementation and a noticeable risk of health hazards namely musculoskeletal problems, injuries, visual disorders, and ergonomic issues in routine daily activities of pathologists.
The Prevalence, Clinical Predictors, and Awareness of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Patients in Riyadh
Authors: Abohelaibah Faisal , Alammar Muath , AlAwadh Ibrahim , Alsabih Muath Ibrahim Abdulaziz , Alharbi Nader Saleh , Alharbi Rawan Fahad , Alelyani Rudaina Hussain
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is an otolaryngological and gastrointestinal condition related to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It is the most common extraesophageal GERD manifestation. Various tests screen for GERD and LPR, such as the GERD questionnaire (GerdQ) and the reflux symptom index (RSI), respectively. In this paper, we identified the prevalence, clinical predictors, and awareness of LPR among patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, diagnosed with GERD using the GerdQ and RSI.

Methods:

A self-administered electronic questionnaire was distributed among adult patients diagnosed with GERD in Riyadh. Two hundred and twenty three GERD patients completed the questionnaire between December 2022 and March 2023. The data received were analyzed and interpreted using SPSS, version 25.

Results:

A total of 1352 participated in the online questionnaire; of these, only 223 scored 9 and above in GerdQ and met the inclusion criteria. The majority was female (62.8%). Out of 223, LPR was diagnosed in 140 (62.8%). Students, unemployment, and drinking hot-sweetened coffee were significant predictors of LPR. In addition, patients with severe GERD were more likely to have severe LPR. Most participants had moderate to good LPR awareness, ranging from 56.5% to 77.6%.

Conclusion:

LPR and GERD are different entities but share similarities. LPR is more likely in unemployed students and those who drink hot-sweetened coffee, and its severity correlates with the severity of GERD.
Effect of Sodium Chloride Concentration on Cooking Time Calculation and Sensory Evaluation of Fish Sausage
Authors: Elgadir Mohamed Abd , Mariod Abdalbasit Adam
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of the addition of sodium chloride (NaCl) at different concentrations (0–3.0%) on the theoretical and real cooking time and sensory evaluation of the fish sausage. The fish sausage was prepared using 2:1.2:1 minced fish, sago starch, and water with added NaCl at a concentration of 1.5% to the formulation, and the sausage was cooked for 180 seconds (3 min) at 180°C to accomplish both the correct cooking time and sensory evaluation properties. Theoretical and real cooking time methods were calculated using a pre-calibrated thermocouple to reach the target core temperature of 75oC at the centre of the sausage. The optimum NaCl concentration and cooking time were identified from the cooking methods and sensory evaluation. The results revealed that increasing the addition of NaCl to the sausage formulations significantly increased the core temperature of the sausage during cooking. There was a reverse relationship between the added percentage of sodium chloride and the calculated cooking time; as the addition of sodium chloride increased, a shorter cooking time was obtained until we reached the target core temperature of 75oC. The predicted cooking time was 195.171 seconds, and the real cooking time was 180 seconds.
Comparison of Likings towards Fish Cutlet Made from Pangasianodon hypophthalmus
Authors: Shikha Fatema Hoque , Hossain Md. Ismail , Binti Nafis Tasneem , Hasan Muhammad Mehedi , Jahan Prianka
Published: January 2024

This study was performed to compare the likings of fish (Pangas) and chicken cutlet as well as to find the best preparations among three fish cutlets. Taking three groups- Teachers, staffs, and students as panelists, it was found that all the panelists preferred one fish cutlet equally with chicken cutlet. Teacher and staff group liked the cutlet incorporated with 40% fish muscle, whereas student group liked the cutlet made with less amount of fish muscle (30%). The attributes like – Odor, Color, Taste, Texture were studied and compared among each preparation of cutlets along with overall acceptability of the products. Proximate compositions were checked to reveal the nutritional containment at various stages. The biochemical qualities of the final cutlets were checked to ensure that no serious quality compromission has occurred during preparation and all parameters were found to be at a safe level.
Effects of Tai Chi in diabetes patients: Insights from recent research
Authors: Hamasaki Hidetaka
Published: January 2024

Tai Chi, a practice that combines elements of both exercise and mindfulness, offers a wide range of health benefits. The body of evidence concerning the impact of Tai Chi on diabetes has recently been growing. This editorial aims to provide a concise summary of the current state of evidence for Tai Chi's effects on individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The review includes 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 5 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, all of which investigate the effectiveness of Tai Chi on various health outcomes in individuals with T2D. Tai Chi demonstrates a significant effect to enhance glycemic control, lower blood pressure, improve serum lipid profiles, reduce insulin resistance, positively influence obesity-related indices, and improve overall quality of life in individuals with T2D. However, it is noteworthy that recent RCTs have reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of Tai Chi on glycemic control and insulin resistance. The author also delves into potential mechanisms by which Tai Chi may exert its influence on the human body. Finally, the editorial highlights the critical issues that warrant further exploration in the future.
Individualized intensive insulin therapy of diabetes: Not only the goal, but also the time
Authors: Hu Yun , Chen Hong-Jing , Ma Jian-Hua
Published: January 2024

Intensive insulin therapy has been extensively used to control blood glucose levels because of its ability to reduce the risk of chronic complications of diabetes. According to current guidelines, intensive glycemic control requires individualized glucose goals rather than as low as possible. During intensive therapy, rapid blood glucose reduction can aggravate microvascular and macrovascular complications, and prolonged overuse of insulin can lead to treatment-induced neuropathy and retinopathy, hypoglycemia, obesity, lipodystrophy, and insulin antibody syndrome. Therefore, we need to develop individualized hypoglycemic plans for patients with diabetes, including the time required for blood glucose normalization and the duration of intensive insulin therapy, which deserves further study.
Management of monogenic diabetes in pregnancy: A narrative review
Authors: Jeeyavudeen Mohammad Sadiq , Murray Sarah R , Strachan Mark W J
Published: January 2024

Pregnancy in women with monogenic diabetes is potentially complex, with significant implications for both maternal and fetal health. Among these, maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) stands out as a prevalent monogenic diabetes subtype frequently encountered in clinical practice. Each subtype of MODY requires a distinct approach tailored to the pregnancy, diverging from management strategies in non-pregnant individuals. Glucokinase MODY (GCK-MODY) typically does not require treatment outside of pregnancy, but special considerations arise when a woman with GCK-MODY becomes pregnant. The glycemic targets in GCK-MODY pregnancies are not exclusively dictated by the maternal/paternal MODY genotype but are also influenced by the genotype of the developing fetus. During pregnancy, the choice between sulfonylurea or insulin for treating hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha (HNF1A)-MODY and HNF4A-MODY depends on the mother’s specific circumstances and the available expertise. Management of other rarer MODY subtypes is individualized, with decisions made on a case-by-case basis. Therefore, a collaborative approach involving expert diabetes and obstetric teams is crucial for the comprehensive management of MODY pregnancies.
Mitigating proximate impacts of tropical cyclone landfalls in the Southwest Indian Ocean
Authors: Serele Charles , Kouadio Michel , Kayitakire Francois
Published: January 2024

The occurrence and impacts of tropical cyclones in the Southwest (SW) Indian Ocean were investigated over five cyclone seasons (November to April) between 2018/19 and 2022/23. Data describing cyclone characteristics, affected populations and economic losses from cyclone landfalls in Madagascar and Mozambique were extracted from the African Risk Capacity (ARC)’s Tropical Cyclone Explorer (TCE) software. Of 56 cyclones that formed in the region, 27 landfalls occurred with an average of 2.8 per season in Madagascar and 2.6 in Mozambique, mainly in January and February of each year. Most cyclone landfalls in Madagascar were categorized as moderate tropical storms (MTS, 43 %) and intense tropical cyclones (ITC, 22 %). In Mozambique, landfalls were mostly ITC (31 %) followed by MTS (23 %). Landfalls of very intense tropical cyclones (VITC) were more common in Mozambique (15 %) than Madagascar (7 %). An average of 1.8 million and 775,000 people per season were exposed to strong cyclone winds in Madagascar and Mozambique, respectively, with economic losses from cyclones per season averaging $544 million in Madagascar and $170 million in Mozambique. The African Risk Capacity (ARC), a specialized agency of the African Union, has implemented a parametric insurance solution to mitigate the proximate effects of cyclones damage on vulnerable populations. Four modules to estimate losses caused by cyclone events are described; the hazard-, vulnerability / damage-, - exposure- and insurance modules. Initial outcomes of the ARC’s parametric cyclone insurance policy in Madagascar and Mozambique are discussed. Since its launch in 2020, the ARC’s parametric cyclone insurance policy including its Replica partner allocated a total payout of $12.2 million to Madagascar following the landfalls of cyclones BATSIRAI in 2022 and FREDDY in 2023.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN DARING DAN LURING PADA ERA ENDEMIK COVID-19
Authors: Faidah Defi Yusti , Liatna Nathanael Mareo , Fitria Anugrah Aidil , Philadelphia Refaldo Richkolas
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes, particularly in the education sector. Since the onset of the pandemic, closure policies and social restrictions have forced many educational institutions to find alternative solutions to keep learning going. During the COVID-19 pandemic period, the learning method used is online media. This refers to the practice of distance learning implemented to maintain social distance and reduce the spread of the virus. Online and offline learning have their own advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this study is to determine the difference in effectiveness between online and offline learning using nonparametric statistical methods. The result of Mann-Whitney test can be concluded that there is a difference in effectiveness between online and offline learning. Chi-Square test shows that there is a relationship between learning process and understanding lecture material, interacting with lecturers and learning motivation. However, a relationship does not exist between the learning process and students' time management
PREDIKSI HASIL PERTANDINGAN SEPAK BOLA LIGA PREMIER INGGRIS DENGAN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK BACKPROPAGATION
Authors: Alim Khairul , Murni Dewi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to enhance the accuracy of predicting English Premier League football match outcomes by utilizing a partially updated Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model based on match outcome data from the period 2017 to 2021. In this research, various statistical features such as the number of goals scored in the first half and the number of shots on target were incorporated as inputs to the ANN model. The match outcome data was normalized to improve the model's performance. The ANN model employed multiple hidden layers with ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit) activation functions and was trained using the Backpropagation algorithm. Throughout the training process, the model was periodically updated to reflect changes in match patterns over time. The research findings reveal that the ANN model with partial updates can predict football match outcomes with an accuracy of 77.89% in the final iteration, with a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.769 and a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.689. Additionally, the prediction results are visualized in the form of a distribution graph comparing actual match outcomes with the predictions from the final iteration, providing a visual representation of the model's performance. This study makes a significant contribution to the development of modeling techniques for forecasting football match outcomes and underscores the importance of partial updates in adapting to changes in match patterns over time, offering potential for improvements in football match analysis and prediction in the future
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATERI BANGUN RUANG SISI DATAR DI KELAS VIII SMPN SATAP JIKO BELANGA
Authors: Mangobi James U.L , Manurung Ontang , Martelu Suliasti Nevaria
Published: January 2024

This research aims to compare the learning outcomes of students who are taught using the PBL model with the KBM value set by the school of 75. This type of research is experimental with a one-shot case study design, namely providing treatment to one experimental group or class. Finally, an evaluation will be given in the form of a final test. This research was conducted at SMPN Satap Jiko Belanga, Nuangan District, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency in the even semester of the 2023–2024 academic year by taking class VIII as an experimental class consisting of 20 students. The variables in this research are student learning outcomes in the material, Building Flat Side Spaces. Data was collected by giving a final test (post-test) to students after learning was carried out using the PBL model. The data analysis used to test the hypothesis is one-group t-test statistics. The results of the research show that the learning outcomes of Building Flat Side Spaces for students taught using the PBL model exceed the KBM value set by the school of 75
PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BERORIENTASI HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS
Authors: Nisa Nenden Chiarun
Published: January 2024

Higher Order Thinking Skills or HOTS is one of the abilities demanded in the 21st century that is very important to be applied in student learning in class. In this literature review discussed the the effectiveness of HOTS learning, the difficulties of students and teachers in HOTS learning and how HOTS learning in Mathematics. The results show that HOTS learning can improve student achievement and motivation but on the other hand there are still many teachers who do not fully understand HOTS learning itself. Teachers must have good learning design skills to get meaningful learning activity so the students getting used to HOTS. Getting used to HOTS on students cannot be done suddenly so HOTS learning can be started simply to a more complex level.
TSP METHOD USING NEAREST NEIGHBOR ALGORITHM AT PT. J&T EXPRESS IN BANDUNG
Authors: Lusiani Anie , Purwaningsih Siti Samsiyah , Sartika Euis
Published: January 2024

Effectiveness and efficiency are very important for an expedition company in optimizing the delivery of goods by a courier. The Traveling salesman problem (TSP) method using the Nearest Neighbor Algorithm can optimize the delivery of goods to all consumer location points with only one visit in one trip. The purpose of this study is to find the shortest route using the TSP method based on the travel distance data from drop point PT. J&T Express Sarijadi Bandung to all consumer points and back to this drop point. This data is processed using Matlab and Excel Solver software based on the Nearest Neighbor Algorithm. The results of this study show that the TSP method produces the shortest route, which is 1,944 meters. The delivery route generated by this method provides travel distance efficiency of 50.09% from the route without the TSP method, which is 3,960 meters. Thus, it is expected that there will also be optimization of time and transportation costs in this delivery.
ANALISIS DIAGNOSTIK VARIABEL CUACA UNTUK ESTIMASI POLA CURAH HUJAN DI MEDAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL BAYESIAN VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE
Authors: Ambarita Winda Yuniar , Dur Sajaratud , Harleni Silvia
Published: January 2024

The territory of Indonesia is located in a strategic position in the tropics. Indonesia is in a position where the equator passes, making it vulnerable to changes in weather and climate. Big cities are increasingly facing many global challenges, so that the effects of climate change are causing urban areas to become more vulnerable to disasters. The city of Medan is one of the big cities that has been recognized as having different characteristics from the surrounding climate, which still has quite a lot of natural elements. Various community activities in Medan City can change the composition of the atmosphere which causes changes in the characteristics of the microclimate which will affect the weather and climate. Weather and climate have a dynamic relationship with other weather elements such as air humidity, air temperature and rainfall. Weather and climate patterns often do not match the pattern they should and are difficult to predict. The main elements of weather are temperature and rainfall, knowing the temperature and rainfall of an area can be used as material to describe the weather in that area. In expressing rainfall in an area, the relationship between air humidity, air temperature and wind direction and speed is very influential. Knowing the pattern of rainfall is very important to do in several activities. So that a diagnostic analysis of weather variables is needed to estimate rainfall patterns in the city of Medan using the bayesian vector autoregressive (BVAR) model. The estimation results using the Bayesian Vector Autoregressive (BVAR) model for Medan City found that the highest rainfall occurred in September at 571.87 mm and the lowest occurred in January at 54.59 mm with a method accuracy rate of 4.75% which indicates that the use of the BVAR method in estimation is very accurate
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITTIVE WEIGHTING (SAW) DAN WEIGHT PRODUCT (WP) DALAM SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN HANDPHONE
Authors: Shafira Annisa , Arofah Irvana , Ningsi Besse Arnawisuda
Published: January 2024

Penggunaan handphone dalam dunia pendidikan sangat berpengaruh terutama dalam mencari informasi, sehingga para siswa selalu melibatkan handphone dalam proses belajar. Setiap merek handphone mempunyai keunggulannya masing-masing yang membuat calon pembeli bingung untuk menentukan pilihan yang sesuai dengan kriteria dan kebutuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dan Weighting Product (WP) dalam sistem pendukung keputusan sesuai dengan kriteria dan kebutuhan. Populasi target dalam penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan siswa/siswi SMA Negeri 11 Tangerang Selatan Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023. Kemudian dipilih kelas 10 sebagai populasi terjangkau sebanyak 396 orang, dari populasi terjangkau diambil sampel sebanyak 80 responden. Konsep dasar Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) adalah menentukan rating kecocokan, membuat matriks keputusan, menormalisasikan matriks, hasil akhirnya diperoleh proses penjumlahan dari perkalian matriks dengan vektor bobot, sehingga di dapatkan urutan rangking dari setiap alternatif. Sedangkan konsep dasar Weighting Product (WP) adalah perbaikan bobot, menentukan nilai vektor S, menentukan nilai vektor V, membandingkan nilai akhir dari vektor V, sehingga di dapatkan nilai urutan rangking dari setiap alternatif. Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dan Weighting Product (WP) dengan hasil kriteria harga, memori internal, RAM, Kamera dan kapasitas baterai alternatif handphone Infinix Note 12 VIP menjadi alternatif terbaik disusul dengan Vivo T1 5G
DETERMINAN KEPESERTAAN JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL (JKN) DI GARUT, INDONESIA: SEBUAH APLIKASI MULTIGROUP ANALYSIS
Authors: Gumilar Irfan Rizki , Saepuloh Asep
Published: January 2024

Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) aims to provide affordable healthcare services to all Indonesian citizens. However, despite its admirable goals, the program has encountered challenges related to low participation rates in various regions, including Garut. While the JKN program aspires to achieve universal healthcare coverage, its effectiveness relies on the number of individuals enrolled in the program. The significance of this research lies in the need to comprehend the factors that influence individual participation in the JKN program, particularly in areas like Garut. To address these issues, this study will investigate the determinants of people's inclination to become JKN program participants and how these factors impact their actual behavior. The research will be carried out in Garut, Indonesia, involving both JKN participants and non-participants who will take part in a survey. The collected data will undergo analysis using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to explore the cause-and-effect relationships among the variables under examination. Additionally, Multigroup Analysis (MGA) will be employed to assess whether these causal relationships differ between the two population subgroups
ANALISIS RANCANGAN PERBAIKAN DESIGN MOLD DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TAGUCHI DI PT X
Authors: Iriani Yani , Lestari Sri , Margana Riki Ridwan , Rifai Irfan
Published: January 2024

PT X Indonesia is one of the Korean Foreign Manufacturing Companies (PMA) that produce injection molding. December 2022 PT X Indonesia received customer complaints from PT. Y  because of defects in products such as: gas burn, white spot, weld line, bending, short shoot, bubbles, flashing, silver, wrong color, and contamination. Flashing is a type of defect that the largest number of ratios reaches 10% while the defect restriction of the customer is 2% so the company and the authors choose the theme of improvement in 2018 is the improvement of molding design to reduce flashing defects in plastic products. The method used in the proposed improvement of molding design is the taguchi method by making 4 point suggestion that is the level 1 slot dimension: Hight 70mm taper 15 °, level 2: Hight 70mm taper 10 °, level 3: High 70mm taper 5 °; insert level 1 dimension: 70mm taper insert 1 °, level 2: 70mm taper deepness insert 2 °, level 3: 70mm taper deepth insert 3 °; clamping tolerance force level 1: + 5%, level 2: + 8%, level 3: + 10% and parting line line length 1: 10mm, level 2: 20mm, level 3: 30mm. The proposed best molding design improvements are in Slast dimensions: Hight 70 mm taper 15 °, Insert: 70mm taper deepness 2 °, clamping force tolerance + 10%, Parting Line Length: 30mm. The smallest flashing flaw was found to be 0.1% in confirmatory experimental conditions, much smaller than the specified target defects of 2%. Cost reduction cost obtained by PT ART Mold Indonesia with the proposed repair on Molding design that is Rp 115.600.000,00 per 1 molding. The cost savings incurred by customers of PT ART Mold Indonesia is worth Rp 784.080.000,00 per year
EFEKTIVITAS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTU SOFTWARE GEOGEBRA PADA MATERI PROGRAM LINEAR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA SMA
Authors: Giovanti Lia Lalita , Buchori Achmad , Rahmawati Noviana Dini
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to 1). Knowing that there are differences in students' mathematical communication abilities with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model assisted by GeoGebra Software and conventional learning models. 2) Find out which learning model is better between the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model assisted by GeoGebra Software and the conventional learning model for students' mathematical communication abilities. 3) To determine the influence of student activity on students' mathematical communication skills who use the PBL (Problem Based Learning) learning model assisted by GeoGebra Software. 4) To find out whether students' mathematical communication skills who use the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model assisted by GeoGebra Software achieve individual or classical mastery. The research method used in this research is the Quasi Experimental method. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling technique. The instruments for collecting data in this research are Pre-test and Post-test. . The population of this study were class XI students of SMAN 1 Wedung. The N-Gain test is the data analysis technique used in this research. The results of this research show that the N-Gain score in the experimental class (PBL method assisted by GeoGebra) is 62%. Meanwhile, the N-Gain score in the control class (conventional method) was 54%. In other words, it can be concluded that the mathematical communication skills of students who received PBL learning assisted by GeoGebra were significantly more effective than students who received learning using the conventional method