bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Importancia de la construcción de escenarios para el liderazgo transformacional en la gerencia moderna en Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas Contreras Loren Piedad , Palacios Alvarado Wlamyr , Carreño Flórez Édgar Farid
Published: July 2023

El enfoque globalizado de la industria moderna, mayormente competitiva, desarrollada y resiliente ha impulsado el valor del liderazgo transformacional como una fuerza capaz de cambiar los modelos autoritarios en inspiradores, con la función de estructurar los esfuerzos individuales hacia el cumplimiento de un mismo objetivo. La metodología aplicada se basó en un análisis descriptivo, sistemático y reflexivo, en el que se pretendió identificar la importancia del liderazgo transformacional en la creación de escenarios de integración multidisciplinar en la organización colombiana. El liderazgo transformacional ha sido importante para la satisfacción laboral, el compromiso institucional, la estimulación intelectual y la democratización de las decisiones organizacionales en el país. Se identificó que la práctica del liderazgo transformacional en la gerencia colombiana es adecuada, debido a la necesidad recíproca de equidad en la fuerza laboral y social, lo que es beneficioso para la adaptación a los escenarios futuribles.
СЕМАНТИКА ПРЕДЕЛА: СПЕЦИФИКА РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИИ
Authors:   Бурятский государственный университет имени Доржи Банзарова, Е. А. Бардамова
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена описанию специфики объективации абстрактной сущности предела в бурятском языке, отражающей мировосприятие и миропонимание носителей языка. Установлено, что в бурятской языковой картине мира осмысление предела, в состав которого включены начало, конец, граница, происходило в результате понимания места и положения, с одной стороны, и ориентации в пространстве — с другой, а также восприятия объекта описания в совокупности его частей, составляющих единое целое. В основе реализации идеи предела язык эксплуатирует модель динамического перемещения, которая позволяет передать точку от-счета и параметры достижения цели. В рамках данной модели используются тупик, угол, вершина, бездна, в которых количественный компонент помимо указаний на предел служит для измерения расстояния. Зооморфные и соматические номинации кодируют начальные и конечные пространственные ориентиры. К национально-специфичным автор относит γзγγр ‘кончик, острие’.
ПРИНЦИПЫ ЛЕКСИКОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО ОПИСАНИЯ СЛОВ В МОНГОЛЬСКО-РУССКО-ЯКУТСКОМ СЛОВАРЕ
Authors:   Институт гуманитарных исследований и проблем малочисленных народов Севера СО РАН, Е. Н. Афанасьева , В. Д. Монастырёв ,   Институт гуманитарных исследований и проблем малочисленных народов Севера СО РАН
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена основным принципам лексикографирования слов в новом международном проекте, предпринятом в 2016 г. для создания «Монгольско-русско-якутского словаря» с участием Института гуманитарных исследований и проблем малочисленных народов Севера СО РАН и Института языка и литературы Академии наук Монголии. Словарь может служить как помощником в практической переводческой деятельности, так и выполнять справочную функцию и дать новый толчок для сравнительно-исторических исследований. Якутская двуязычная лексикография имеет богатую историю, однако опыт практической работы над многоязычным словарем представлен впервые, когда перевод с монгольского языка на якутский осуществляется при помощи русского языка. Актуальность статьи связана с необходимостью системного изучения якутско-монгольских языковых контактов, проблемой поиска эффективных методов в процессе создания словаря и способов перевода на фоне опосредованного перевода. Проект является первым шагом якутских языковедов в сравнительной лексикографии с монгольским языком, который в дальнейшем станет базой для теоретических и прикладных работ в этом направлении. Целью статьи является определение основных принципов лексикографирования слов при опосредованном переводе. Задачи — опробовать методы и приемы эквивалентного перевода, применить их в процессе обработки словарных статей, описать оптимальные способы оформления словарной статьи.
ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ ЯКУТСКО-РУССКОГО БИЛИНГВИЗМА В СОВРЕМЕННОМ КОММУНИКАТИВНОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ РАЙОНОВ РЕСПУБЛИКИ САХА (ЯКУТИЯ) (на материале полевого исследования)
Authors:   Институт гуманитарных исследований и проблем малочисленных народов Севера СО РАН, Р. И. Васильева
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматриваются некоторые факторы развития этноязыковой ситуации, вопросы функционирования языков коренных народов в Республике Саха (Якутия) в условиях инокультурной среды, языковые контакты, имеющие интенсивный и долговременный характер в районах пограничья, языковая компетенция, языковые ориентации, особенности речевого поведения, этническая идентичность носителей родного языка — саха. В Республике Саха (Якутия) функционируют различные типы билингвизма, национально-русское двуязычие носит односторонний характер, якутский язык является языком межнационального общения для эвенков, эвенов, юкагиров, долган. Языковая ситуация в промышленных районах Республики Саха (Якутия) имеет свои особенности, миноритарные языки используются в межличностном общении, быту, традиционных отраслях, функциональный статус языка саха как государственного ограничен сферами коммуникации между членами языкового со-общества якутов и эвенков.
Словообразование бурятского языка
Authors:   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University, Д. Ш. Харанутова
Published: July 2023

Монография посвящена особенностям структурно-семантической и номинативной организации словообразовательной системы современного бурятского языка. Многоаспектному анализу подвергаются различные классы производных слов и парадигматические отношения между ними, словообразовательное гнездо и его структурные составляющие. Адресуется филологам и широкому кругу исследователей, разрабатывающих проблемы словообразования и сопоставительного изучения языков.
Quasi-Divisional Regulatory Legal Acts in Energy Law
Authors:   Branch of Tatenergo, JSC, Kazan Heat Networks, Khamidullin Marat T.
Published: July 2023

In this article, the author reviews the existing views of legal theoreticians on internal acts of legal entities that have been lately acknowledged by legal publications as independent law sources. The paper singles out the main attribute that gives local acts of legal entities the statutory regulation quality, being the delegation of statutory regulation issuance powers to the company by the law or sanctioning by means of approval by a competent state authority. The author suggests that legal acts of legal entities issued without the delegation right or approval by the state but having statutory qualities should be reviewed on a standalone basis, as a separate law source. The article notes that a characteristic feature of such acts is their issuance by subjects of natural monopolies created as a result of market economic reforms held in Russia in the late 20th century based on branch ministries governing separate national economy sectors (electrical energy industry, gas and oil transportation system). It is the first case in legal publications when the author that makes an attempt at understanding the nature of these acts concludes that they differ from corporate and departmental acts. Due to the fact that law making by subjects of natural monopolies was actually replacing regulatory activities of ministries and other state departments, the author suggests naming the documents they issue quasi-divisional legal acts. Based on the obtained results, the author words the concept of quasi-divisional legal acts in the energy law as one of law sources.
Prospects of Cooperation between China and Russia in Gas Supply Area
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Yuy Gao
Published: July 2023

Cooperation between China and Russia in energy area is an important cornerstone of cooperation between the two countries and a positive force for maintaining global energy security. The total volume of gas supply by 2030 will be at least 98 billion cubic meters plus 100 million tons of liquefied natural gas. The article refers to the market reforms of China’s natural gas market. A fair market competition mechanism has been implemented in natural gas exploration, production, and import. The article reviews the Chinese model of X+1+X marketization in the gas supply market. Conclusions are drawn on the positive trend of gas supply between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China and on the necessity of joint legal research in order to develop the legal regulation of gas supply.
Problematic Aspects of Law Enforcement Practice in Conclusion of a Power Supply Contract for Inherited Property
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Sales Company, JSC, Valentukevich Nadezhda A.
Published: July 2023

To date, the procedure for concluding a power supply contract is sufficiently detailed and rarely gives rise to questions. In practice, however, there are exceptional situations that require a more thorough analysis of both the documents submitted by consumers for concluding power supply contracts and the current laws. One such situation is the conclusion of a power supply contract for inherited property. The article analyzes the problematic aspects of law enforcement in concluding power supply contracts for inherited property and suggests ways to address them. For example, considering the legality of refusal to conclude a power supply contract with an heir who has applied to a power supply organization during the period of inheritance acceptance (6 months), the author states the legal uncertainty, points out the risks associated with the refusal, proposes solutions and makes suggestions on how to improve the current laws on the electric power industry.
Legal Support of Rational Use of Energy Resources
Authors:   Gazpromenergo, LLC, Loginovsky Denis E.
Published: July 2023

The applicable laws place the highest value on the rational use of energy resources in the sphere of energy saving and energy efficiency in the Russian economic development. However, there remains legal uncertainty in terms of direct levers of the promising and rational use of energy resources. The legislator maintains “qualified silence” in this matter, the judicial practice is contradictory and ambiguous in the issues of acknowledgment of irrational behavior of energy market participants, there is no standard of proof. Along with these stagnation processes in legal support of the rational use of energy resources, the legislator piles up new constituent elements of administrative offenses and criminally punishable acts in the energy security sphere. Such instruments fail to deliver the desired results in form of the establishment of the rational use of non-renewable energy resources. Renewable energy resources in the context of legal support of the rational use are out of the question as there is no respective framework law. That’s why the author concludes that it is needed to establish a legal model of the rational and safe use of energy resources (legal compliance).
Соглашения Российской Федерации с отдельными зарубежными странами по разграничению и освоению сопредельных участков морских пространств, их значение для развития системы юнитизационного законодательства
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (MGIMO University), Shevchenko Lyubov I.
Published: July 2023

In the modern period of formation of unitization legal system it is necessary to summarize the world experience of conclusion and use of unitization agreements in the development of hydrocarbon deposits, maritime spaces, their delimitation between neighboring and opposite states. This article reviews the peculiarities of the approach to the problems of determining the relations of cooperation of the Russian Federation with certain states in the delimitation and use of adjacent maritime spaces in order to use them effectively and efficiently and to avoid negative impact on the environment. Relations in this area should be based on general principles of international unitization, which requires generalization of world practice in this field, creation of the legal framework of unitization agreements on this basis both at the international and national level promoting the harmonization of interests of all participants in development, the development of transboundary fields in the most effective and efficient way, and the decrease of negative impact on the environment.
The study of the structure and properties of a wear-resistant gas-thermal coating containing tungsten
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Plesovskikh A. Yu. , Krylova S. E. ,   Orenburg State University
Published: July 2023

The paper presents the results of reverse engineering including metallographic, mechanical, and engineering-technical studies of used rods of a compressor produced by the Dresser-Rand company (Siemens, Germany). The study established that the original product is made of AISI 4140 steel with a working coating based on tungsten carbide applied to a depth of 0.2 mm by the HVOF method. The paper contains the results of the development of an import-substituting technological process for producing a wear-resistant powder coating of the Ni–Cr–B–WC system applied by cold gas flame spraying on the surface of a critical unit of compressor equipment in the oil and gas industry. Microanalysis identified that the sprayed spherical WC particles are evenly distributed in the nickel bond without the formation of free cavities at the lamella boundary, retain the size identical to the original powder composition upon the high-speed collision with the substrate, and minimize the level of residual mechanical stresses in the surface layer. The study shows that the sprayed coating has a high microhardness (the bases – 700 HV0.1, WC – up to 2000 HV0.1), which ensures high wear resistance during operation of the rod in a friction pair. A comparative analysis of the tribological properties of the coatings showed that when changing the shape, particle size distribution, and percentage ratio of tungsten carbide from 20 to 70 % in the nickel matrix, the overall wear resistance of the coating equivalently increases. The authors concluded on the possibility of manufacturing an import-substituting product using the gas flame spraying technology with metallurgical powder compositions containing tungsten. The authors developed an industrial technology for applying a wear-resistant coating on the working surface of a rod made of AISI 4140 steel. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the stress state of a material with a coating produced using the developed technology in comparison with the original product. In the product obtained by the experimental technology, in the process of applying the coating and its subsequent mechanical processing, uniform residual mechanical stresses are formed that do not exceed the value of the difference in the principal mechanical stresses. The paper presents the results of the study obtained both on standard samples and on a pilot part.
Materials on the Retention and Modernization of Multiple Rocket Launchers in the Former Soviet Republics in 1991-2022
Authors:   S.I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology, RAS, Gurov Sergei V.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary materials to the article «Retention and Modernization of Multiple Launch Rocket Systems in the Former Soviet Republics in 1991-2022» allow researchers to present the main historical, technical, economic and political aspects of the state and development of rocket artillery in the former republics of the USSR.
Religious component in social projects of ethnocultural organizations
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research of the Federal Research Sociological Center, Russian Academy of  Sciences, Ledeneva Victoria Yu.
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results of a study that examined the religious com- ponent in the social projects of ethno-cultural organizations. The purpose of the study was to analyze the available opportunities and resources of socially oriented organiza- tions (SONCOs) in these projects. The scientific component attaches particular im- portance to social projects, in particular, the analysis of applications submitted for the competition to the Presidential Grants Fund shows the interest of public organizations in the scientific and methodological substantiation of social projects when preparing applications. The novelty lies in the fact that in the context of resource support for the activities of socially oriented non-profit organizations, studies of this kind were not carried out, religious aspects of the activities of public organizations of the ethno-cul- tural sector were not the subject of studying the development of multilateral relations of intersectoral interaction. The in-depth interview method was used as the main method. The target group consisted of leaders, specialists and activists of ethno-cul- tural SO NCOs with at least three years of experience in the organization. As an addi- tional method, secondary data from sociological surveys were analyzed. The purpose of the analysis presented in the article is to assess the opinions of the leaders of the ethnocultural community regarding the significance of the ethnocultural processes tak- ing place in the region and the influence of the religious component in the implemen- tation of social projects. The main results of the study showed that the resource base of ethno-cultural organizations is the basis on which all their activities rest, and the religious component is a significant part of social projects.
A PARCERIA MONITOR-PROFESSOR NAS AULAS DE LETRAMENTO EM PROGRAMAÇÃO
Authors: Bissoni Estefania , Moretto Milena
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo, resultado de uma pesquisa de doutorado, traz a análise de alguns excertos, a partir da realização de entrevistas narrativas que foram realizadas com professores da rede municipal de ensino de uma cidade da região metropolitana de Campinas, participantes de um Curso de Formação intitulado "Letramento em Programação” ofertado pelo município em parceria com o Instituto Ayrton Senna. Diante do exposto, temos como objetivo analisar, a partir das narrativas dos docentes, como a parceria estabelecida entre professores e monitores de informática pode contribuir para o letramento de professores em programação e de que forma estes vão se apropriando da linguagem computacional a partir das diferentes relações dialógicas estabelecidas entre eles. Nossos resultados apontam que os professores foram se apropriando dos conceitos a partir da sua relação com o(s) outro(s), no intenso movimento dialético e dialógico que ocorria na relação com o monitor de informática e demais agentes envolvidos no processo educacional.
CULTURAS POPULARES
Authors: Caciatori Eduarda Gava , Ferreira Dulcinéia de Fátima
Published: July 2023

Este texto aborda os cantos de trabalho como manifestações de cultura popular, procurando destacar o caráter comunitário e colaborativo presente nestas práticas, que podem servir de inspiração para a construção de uma educação como prática de liberdade (FREIRE, 1999) e de uma existência guiada pela busca da emancipação humana. O artigo versa sobre a potência destes modos de ser e estar no mundo como forma de resistência ao apagamento da vida, que é promovido pela lógica do capitalismo neoliberal. Toma como eixo central a atividade da Puxada de Rede da pesca do xaréu, que acontecia originalmente na região de Santo Amaro, na Bahia, e era realizada coletivamente pelos negros recém libertos da escravidão e hoje está presente em apresentações de grupos de capoeira.
A PRUDÊNCIA COMO PRINCÍPIO NO PROJETO EDUCACIONAL DE ALBERTO MAGNO
Authors: Costa Larissa Moreira da , Oliveira Bruna Castelhano de , Oliveira Terezinha
Published: July 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o conceito de prudência em Alberto Magno (1200-1280), entendendo-o como base do seu projeto educacional. Nossa fonte principal de análise será o Tratado De prudentia contido na obra  Tractatus de Natura Bono (1243). Nela o autor apresenta a necessidade da formação de uma sociedade baseada no bem comum, tendo como princípio de suas ações a virtude da prudência. Segundo o autor, esta virtude é considerada como a maior de todas as demais, pois tem como objetivo guiar o homem à escolha de boas ações que assegurem bem comum social. Partindo dessa máxima, procuraremos compreender quais seriam os princípios pedagógicos para a formação de um indivíduo virtuoso, segundo o filósofo. Em virtude dessa relevante questão, pretendemos também, refletir sobre a importância deste intelectual no âmbito da história da educação. Salientamos, também, que para a elaboração desse artigo, elegemos alguns princípios da história social apresentados no âmbito da Escola dos Annales e consideramos o conceito de longa duração elaborado por Braudel (1990) como aspectos teórico-metodológicos essenciais ao nosso estudo.
Heideggerowski zwrot: jedność bycia i nieantropocentryczna filozofia człowieka
Authors: Hoły-Łuczaj Magdalena
Published: July 2023

The article aims to show that one of the most important manifestations of Turn in the philosophy of Martin Heidegger is a change of the ontological status of beings other than human. Transformation of Dasein into Da-sein (which takes place in Heidegger's works written between year 1930 and 1936) is accompanied by the recognition of being of other beings, "things" (concrete individuals, animate and non-animated). While in Being and Time, other entities are considered "lower" than the man, and unlike him, not "are", but only "are-handy" or "mere-live", What is a Thing? (and even already Introduction to the Metaphysics) indicates the unity of being. This does not mean the rejection of the specificity of the human being as Da-sein. Only thanks to human being – not just his own, but also of other beings – is no longer hidden. The specific nature of man according to Heidegger, however, does not entitle him to dominate other beings and treated as a subordinate. Thus I consider late philosophy of Heidegger as non-anthropocentric.
Lingüística misionera : aspectos lingüísticos, discursivos, filológicos y pedagógicos
Authors: Cerrón-Palomino Rodolfo , Ezcurra Rivero Álvaro , Zwartjes Otto
Published: July 2023

Los vocabularios, gramáticas, textos doctrinales, catecismos, confesionarios y sermonarios de las lenguas amerindias elaborados por religiosos, entre los siglos XVI y XVIII, son el resultado de un esfuerzo por atender las dificultades pedagógicas y pastorales propias de la evangelización colonial. Los misioneros europeos tuvieron que examinar lenguas tipológicamente distintas de las del tronco latinos, y moldearlas a las exigencias de la escritura y a la expresión de conceptos cristianos. Este libro se ocupa de asuntos de lingüística misionera, especialmente en Mesoamérica y Sudamérica, que se inscriben dentro de este marco histórico. La primera parte está dedicada a la reflexión sobre aspectos lingüísticos y pedagógicos de gramáticas, vocabularios y cartillas; la segunda ofrece estudios sobre los modelos discursivos y estilísticos empleados; y la tercera se concentra en la documentación lingüística de la época colonial. Colaboran especialistas de universidades americanas y europeas.
Un proyecto nacional en el siglo XIX : Manuel Pardo y su visión del Perú
Authors: Mc Evoy Carreras Carmen Elena
Published: July 2023

Este estudio consta de dos partes. La primera, compuesta por tres capítulos, analiza la vida y el pensamiento económico y político de Manuel Pardo. La segunda, que consta de un capítulo, se dedica a analizar el proyecto político de una fracción económica e intelectual de la élite peruana, representada por Pardo, y que cristaliza en la fundación del Partido Civil, que logra llevarlo a la presidencia de la República en 1872.
Tablillas de San Lázaro
Authors: Di Paolo Rossella
Published: July 2023

El amor es el eje en torno al cual giran los poemas de este singular libro. Poemas donde el sentimeinto amoroso está revestido de carencia, urgencia, necesidad y cuya condición sonora los emparenta con el golpeteo de aquellas tablillas que en el pasado empleaban los mendigos para pedir atención. En una curiosa paradoja, la voz mendicante que recorre estas páginas ofrece al mismo tiempo su vitalidad y su orfandad, su cuerpo y la necesidad del otro cuerpo, su mano y la urgencia de una mano que esté del otro lado del amor o del desierto.
La catástrofe demográfica andina : Perú 1520-1620
Authors: Cook Noble David
Published: July 2023

Hace más de una cuarto de siglo que apareció la primera edición del libro Demographic Collapse: Indian Population of Peru, 1520-1620(1981). Los especialistas en el campo de la historia demográfica reconocieron el valor del texto desde un principio, en lo que toca a la investigación exhaustiva de las fuentes y la utilización de diversos métodos para estimar la población indígena en el momento del encuentro con los europeos. Esta edición en español tomó muchos años en aparecer y facilitará enormemente las investigaciones de quienes estudian los diversos aspectos económicos y sociales de la historia colonial.
DUYUSAL MARKALAMA YAKLAŞIMININ BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZ İLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: GÜLEÇ Utku Tevfik
Published: July 2023

İnsanlar duyuları aracılığıyla dünyayı algılamakta ve deneyimlemektedir. Son yıllarda pazarlama ve marka stratejilerinde tüketicilerin duyularına hitap edilmektedir. Özellikle duyusal markalama yaklaşımında tüketicilerin beş duyusuna hitap edilmektedir. Günümüzde duyusal markalama yaklaşımıyla ilgili araştırmalar giderek artmaktadır. Bu yüzden duyusal markalama konusunun literatürdeki gelişimini bütüncül bir şekilde tespit etmek için bibliyometrik araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Böylelikle bu araştırmada duyusal markalama konusu bibliyometrik analiz ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmada Scopus veri tabanından elde edilen duyusal markalamayla ilgili 204 adet yayının ilk olarak performans analizi yapılmış ve daha sonra görsel haritalama tekniği ile VOSviewer programı üzerinden bibliyometrik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu araştırma sonucunda; (i) en çok yayın ve atıf sayısının “2022” yılında olduğu tespit edilmiş, (ii) en çok yayın yapan ülkenin “İngiltere” olduğu belirlenmiş, (iii) en çok yayın yapılan alanın “işletme, yönetim ve muhasebe” olduğu tespit edilmiş, (iv) en fazla yayın yapan yazarın “Spence, C.” olduğu belirlenmiş (v) en çok ortak yayın yapan yazarların (ortak yayın sayıları eşit) “Aryana, Boyko, Cooper, Dunn, Hands” olduğu saptanmış, (vi) en çok atıf alan yazarın “Spence” olduğu tespit edilmiş, (vii) en çok atıf alan kaynağın “Psychology and Marketing” olduğu saptanmış, (viii) en çok atıf alan ülkenin “İngiltere” olduğu belirlenmiş, (ix) en çok kullanılan anahtar kelimenin “duyusal pazarlama” olduğu tespit edilmiş, (x) bibliyografik eşleşme sayısı en çok olan yazarın dokümanı “Wörfel (2022)” olduğu saptanmış, (xi) en çok ortak atıf alan yazarın “Spence” olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Bacteria Detection Salmonella sp. in Fish Meatball Products Sold in Some Traditional Markets in Surabaya
Authors: Permata Jelita Chelsea , Mahasri Gunanti , Saputra Eka
Published: July 2023

Fish meatballs are processed fishery products that use minced fish meat or surimi of at least 40% mixed with flour, and other ingredients if needed, which undergo formation and cooking. In general, fish meat used is for example snapper, grouper and mackerel. This study aims to determine the detection of Salmonella sp. bacteria, fish balls sold in several traditional markets in the city of Surabaya and the calculation of Total Plate Count of processed fish balls circulating in several traditional markets in Surabaya. The research method used is a direct survey for sampling. The sampling location of fish balls was done intentionally or purposive sampling method. Analysis of the data to determine the Total Plate Count of Salmonella sp. bacteria in fish balls in several traditional markets in Surabaya, which is displayedin tabular form. The results showed that the detection of Salmonella sp. bacteria was positive in two samples out of a total of 10 samples. The results of the Total Plate Count (TPC) test for Salmonella sp. in the two different samples in the same area of West Surabaya, it was 2x105 CFU/gr for the first sample and 1x103 CFU/gr for the second sample.
Pre-treatment of Lobster Shell Using Hydrochloric Acid for Nanochitosan Production
Authors: Safrina Dyah , Ulfa Safitri Anisa , Suptijah Pipih , Fariz Pari Rizfi
Published: July 2023

Lobster shells are a by-product that can be used as a raw material for making chitin and chitosan. However, lobster shells contain a high amount of minerals that cover the chitin polymer on the shell. This chitin can be converted into chitosan by deacetylation process. Efforts that can be made to increase the efficiency of the chitosan extraction process from lobster shells are by pre-treatment using hydrochloric acid. The purpose of this study was to determine the pre-treatment time of lobster shells with hydrochloric acid and to produce nanochitosan from lobster shells. The results of this study indicate that the pretreatment time has a significant effect on the yield value of chitosan. The highest yield of chitosan was produced from the acid pre-treatment with a soaking time of 120 hours with a value of 15,6%. The quality of lobster chitosan from the best treatment has met the quality requirements based on SNI. Nanochitosan was successfully synthesized by ionic gelation method with a particle size of 357,76 nm and spherical shape based on SEM photos. Lobster nanochitosan has the potential to be applied in various fields, such as food, agriculture,and biomedical.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament Femoral Avulsion Fractures in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Chipman Danielle E. , Cirrincione Peter M. , Mintz Douglas N. , DiFelice Gregory S. , Warren Russell F. , Green Daniel W.
Published: July 2023

Case:

This report describes 2 cases of femoral-sided posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion injuries. A 10-year-old male patient presented with a chronic nonunion of a bony PCL femoral avulsion. In addition, a 4-year-old boy presented with an acute, displaced PCL femoral avulsion off the medial femoral condyle. Both injuries were repaired using arthroscopic techniques.

Conclusion:

Femoral-sided PCL avulsions are very rare in pediatric patients and have not been reported often. We hope to increase the awareness of PCL femoral avulsion injuries in pediatric patients by describing 2 unique cases.
Praktik Standard Contract pada PT iGrow Resources Indonesia Fatwa DSN MUI terhadap Standard Contract
Authors: Nur Aini Latifah , Tanzilulloh M. Ilham , Sidik Moch. Khoirul Fajar
Published: July 2023

The standard contract is in the Fatwa of DSN MUI Number 117/DSN-MUI//II/2018 concerning Information Technology-Based Financing Services Based on Sharia Principles. In practice, the standard contract of PT iGrow Resources Indonesia contradicts the fatwa on profit sharing, disclaiming responsibility in the event of a loss. The objectives of this study include: knowing that iGrow's profit sharing is fluctuating and knowing that iGrow's disclaimer is contrary to the fatwa of DSN MUI. This study uses qualitative research methods, with the object of field research. The analytical method used in this study is the deductive method. The results of this study are: 1) iGrow's profit sharing is contrary to DSN Fatwa No. 117, namely financing is not allowed to have an element of usury while iGrow. It sets the amount of profit with an absolute nominal, which can be equated with usury; 2) The form of iGrow's disclaimer is contrary to the Fatwa of the MUI DSN. The standard iGrow contract states that iGrow transfers its responsibility to the capital manager in the event of a loss.

Kontrak baku dalam Fatwa DSN MUI Nomor 117/DSN-MUI//II/2018 tentang Layanan Pembiayaan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah. Dalam prakteknya kontrak baku PT iGrow Resources Indonesia bertentangan dengan fatwa pada pembagian keuntungan, pelepasan tanggung jawab jika terjadi kerugian. Tujuan penelitian ini antara lain: mengetahui pembagian keuntungan iGrow bersifat fluktuatif dan mengetahui bentuk pelepasan tanggung jawan iGrow bertentangan dengan fatwa DSN MUI. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, dengan objek penelitian lapangan. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian kali ini adalah metode deduktif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Pembagian keuntungan iGrow bertentangan dangan Fatwa DSN No 117 yaitu pembiayaan tidak diperbolehkan ada unsur riba sementara iGrow menetapkan jumlah keuntungan dengan nominal mutlak, ini dapat dipersamakan dengan riba; 2) Bentuk pelepasan tanggung jawab iGrow bertentangan dengan Fatwa DSN MUI. Dalam kontrak baku iGrow disebutkan bahwa iGrow mengalihkan tanggung jawabnya kepada pengelola modal apabila terjadi kerugian.
Evaluation of the Anti-diarrhoeal, Anti-inflammatory, and Analgesic Effects of the Polyherbal Formulation, Aju Mbaise in Experimental Rats.
Authors: Uroko Robert Ikechukwu , Ijioma Solomon Nnah , Ogbonna Henry Nnaemeka , Aguwamba Chinedu , Ugwuanyi Kingsley Chijioke
Published: July 2023

Background:Aju Mbaiseis a combination of herbs that is widely used in the southeast part of Nigeria for the purpose of managing postpartum complications and alleviating menstrual pain. The study aimed at assessing the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diarrheal properties ofAju mbaiseextract in rats. Methods: The extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity testing. Subsequently, the anti-diarrheal effects of the extract were evaluated by administering charcoal as a meal and then using the castor oil-induced models. The evaluation of its anti-inflammatory effects was conducted through the carrageenan-induced paw oedema model, while its analgesic properties were assessed using the acetic acid-induced pain model. Results: Alkaloids, tannins, phenols, steroids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, and saponins were among the components that the phytochemical study revealed to be present. The acute toxicity value was also greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. In animal studies, the extract displayed significant inhibitory effects on intestinal motility, while also reducing the wet stool frequency. The castor oil-induced model exhibited a decrease in the weight of intestinal contents and an elevation in serum electrolyte levels. Additionally, in the anti-inflammatory study, the extract was observed to suppress paw oedema, and in the analgesic study, it demonstrated a reduction in acetic acid-induced pain in rats. Conclusions: TheAju mbaisepolyherbal extract possesses anti-diarrhoeal, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties, making it a potentially safe option for managing diarrhoea, inflammation, and pain. These therapeutic effects may be attributed to the extract's composition of alkaloids, tannins, phenols, steroids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, and saponins. Nonetheless, additional research is necessary to establish the extract's ideal dosages and potential adverse effects.
Measuring and Manipulating Defect-induced Micro-electronic Fields at Metal-Support Interface
Authors: Fu Engang , Wei Yi , Zhang Zichang , Du Jinlong , Xu Chuan , Sun Qiang , Chen Zhenyu , Wang Yufei
Published: July 2023

Tunning the micro-electric field at the metal-support interface offers great opportunities for developing heterogeneous catalysts with high stability, selectivity, and activity. However, the role of carbon support defects plays in manipulating the charge transfer process and activating the interfacial perimeter sites is still obscure due to the absence of direct experimental evidence. Herein, we develop a top-down method to synthesize a metal-defective-support model via both heavy ion irradiation and chemical impregnation. The interface electric field distribution, together with the magnitude of charge density distribution were reconstructed and visualized in the real space via four-dimension scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM).Combining the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we further reveal the carbon topological defects induced atomic scale polarization mechanism is responsible for the reversed charge transfer behavior and demonstrate that the metal-support interaction could be precisely manipulated through controlling support defects density. This work offers new insights for understanding defects’ function of elevating the catalyst stability and performance, and facilitating the future development of advanced catalysts with high activity.
Hierarchical design of pseudosymmetric protein nanoparticles
Authors: Baker David , Dowling Quinton , Park Young-Jun , Gerstenmaier Neil , Yang Erin , Wargacki Adam , Hsia Yang , Fries Chelsea , Ravichandran Rashmi , Walkey Carl , Burrell Anika , Veesler David , King Neil
Published: July 2023

Discrete protein assemblies ranging from hundreds of kilodaltons to hundreds of megadaltons in size are a ubiquitous feature of biological systems and perform highly specialized functions 1–3. Despite remarkable recent progress in accurately designing new self-assembling proteins, the size and complexity of these assemblies has been limited by a reliance on strict symmetry 4,5. Inspired by the pseudosymmetry observed in bacterial microcompartments and viral capsids, we developed a hierarchical computational method for designing large pseudosymmetric self-assembling protein nanomaterials. We computationally designed pseudosymmetric heterooligomeric components and used them to create discrete, cage-like protein assemblies with icosahedral symmetry containing 240, 540, and 960 subunits. At 49, 71, and 96 nm diameter, these nanoparticles are the largest bounded computationally designed protein assemblies generated to date. More broadly, by moving beyond strict symmetry, our work represents an important step towards the accurate design of arbitrary self-assembling nanoscale protein objects.
Integrative Analysis of Hub Genes for Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction Based on Bioinformatics Methods
Authors: Wang Shentong , Zhao Jia , Wang Chengran , Yao Yuhan , Song Zhiyao , Li Longyun , Jiang Jinlan
Published: July 2023

Background
POCD is a frequent condition that originates after surgery and is characterized by impaired memory, inattention, and diminished learning or language abilities. It seriously threatens the quality of the patients’ life, especially in older adults. The identification of factors associated to POCD facilites the diagnosis and the prediction of clinical outcomes. The identification of biomarkers associated to POCD aids in the diagnosis and prediction of clinical outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to identify hub genes and analyze their possible involvement in POCD pathogenesis.
Methods
The POCD expression profiles (GSE95070 and GSE95426) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, followed by the identification of differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to achieve functional enrichment. Subsequently, the target mRNAs of DEmiRNAs were identified, followed by the construction of the miRNA-mRNA network for POCD. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms were used to identify hub miRNAs. Finally, hub mRNAs were sorted by overlapping target mRNAs and DEmRNAs. A POCD mouse model was established and tested using the open field test (OFT) and Morris water maze (MWM). Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for hub genes validation.
Results
Eleven DEmiRNAs were identified. Among them, mmu-miR-483-5p and mmu-miR-362-3p showed the highest positive correlation (R = 0.96), whereas mmu-miR-206-3p and mmu-miR-190a-3p showed the highest negative correlation (R = -0.88). GO analysis revealed that DEmiRNAs were mainly enriched in response to stress, anatomical structure development, and cellular nitrogen compound metabolic homeostatic processes. KEGG analysis identified pathways that were mainly enriched in regulating the actin cytoskeleton, sphingolipid signaling, axon guidance, and thyroid hormone signaling. Then, 7062 targeting mRNAs were identified with DEmiRNAs, and 53 DEmRNAs were identified. Finally, mmu-miR-3065-5p and mmu-miR-592-3p were identified as hub miRNAs by LASSO and SVM-RFE analyses, respectively. Finally, four mRNAs (Prdm14, Slc46a2, Nkx2-1, and Lrg1) were identified as hub genes and were validated by the POCD mouse model.
Conclusions
We identified two hub miRNAs and four hub mRNAs in the POCD model, all of which could serve as biomarkers and pharmacological targets in the treatment of POCD. Targeting hub genes and associated pathways using gene manipulation methods may help understand the mechanism and improve the outcome of POCD.
Development and validation a Nomogram for identify malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Ji Jinling , Yan Lei , Wang Kai , Jiang Kun , Li Chang , Jiang Yuzhang
Published: July 2023

Background Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common complication in cancer patients, indicating the presence of pleural metastasis. However, the ability to identify MPE clinically is still limited. The aim of this study was to develop a novel nomogram-based model for predicting MPE. Methods Between July 2020 and May 2022, a total of 428 patients with pleural effusion (PE) were consecutively enrolled. Demographic data, laboratory test results, and pathological parameters were collected. The LASSO regression method was used to select potential variables, and a multivariate logistic regression method was employed to construct a nomogram. Internal validation was performed using a bootstrapping method, and the nomogram's performance was evaluated based on calibration, discrimination, and clinical utility. Results Out of the 428 patients with PE, 217 (50.7%) were diagnosed with MPE. A diagnostic model was established using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate logistic regression, which identified four variables: serum carcinoembryonic antigen (sCEA), serum neuron-specific enolase (sNSE), pleural carcinoembryonic antigen (pCEA), and pleural lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH). The internal validation of the model showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.894 (95% CI: 0.864–0.934). The model was well-calibrated, and decision curve analysis (DCA) indicated that using the proposed nomogram to predict MPE would obtain a net benefit if the threshold probability of MPE was between 5% and 95%. Conclusion This study aimed to construct a nomogram that includes four demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with PE. The nomogram can be highly beneficial in distinguishing between MPE and benign pleural effusion (BPE).
Actionable prediction of Klebsiella phage-host specificity at the subspecies level
Authors: Briers Yves , Boeckaerts Dimitri , Stock Michiel , Ferriol-González Celia , Oteo-Iglesias Jesús , Sanjuan Rafael , Domingo-Calap Pilar , De Baets Bernard
Published: July 2023

Phages are increasingly considered as promising alternatives to target drug-resistant bacterial pathogens. However, their often-narrow host range can make it challenging to find matching phages against bacteria of interest. As of yet, current computational tools do not accurately predict interactions at the subspecies level in a way that is relevant and properly evaluated for practical use. We present PhageHostLearn, a machine learning system that predicts subspecies-level interactions between receptor-binding proteins and bacterial receptors for Klebsiella phage-bacteria pairs. We evaluate this system both in silico and in the laboratory, in the clinically relevant setting of finding matching phages against bacterial strains. PhageHostLearn reaches a cross-validated ROC AUC of 83.0% in silico and maintains this performance in laboratory validation. Our approach provides a framework for developing and evaluating phage-host prediction methods that are useful in practice, which we believe to be a meaningful contribution to machine-learning-guided development of phage therapeutics and diagnostics.
Having our Kelp and Eating it Too: Minimising Trade-offs from Seaweed Farming
Authors: Spillias Scott , Cottrell Richard , Layton Cayne , O'Brien Katherine , McDonald-Madden Eve
Published: July 2023

Seaweed farming is promoted as a facet of the Blue Economy that may provide food, support local livelihoods, bolster marine biodiversity, and sequester carbon. While the potential for each of these benefits is often studied in isolation, here we explore the potential for ‘holistic’ management, which realizes all four benefits simultaneously. Applying a stock and flow model to different environmental and socio- economic scenarios, we simulate ten years of operations on a one-hectare kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) farm. We explore trade-offs among the food, livelihoods, marine biodiversity, and carbon sequestration benefits of each scenario to identify the management conditions under which holistic seaweed farming can be achieved. Our results demonstrate that holistic seaweed farming is possible under many – but not all – scenarios, and that holistic management is distinct from management that prioritises maximising any single benefit, frequently requiring a reduction in financial benefits to maintain others. Proper farm placement and robust management in marine environments will be critical for seaweed industries to support multiple sustainable development objectives at once.
Enhancing the machine learning classification of olive oils by adding agro-climatic to NIR spectral information
Authors: Sánchez-Rodríguez María Isabel , Sánchez-López Elena , Marinas Alberto , Caridad José María , Urbano Francisco José
Published: July 2023

The high-quality indexes of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) can be affected by frauds in marketing, such as a wrong indication of geographical origin or a false certification label of Protected Designations of Origin (PDO). Therefore, the introduction of sustainable, rapid and cost-effective analytical procedures (such as near infrared spectroscopy, NIR) is essential to authenticate EVOO. As NIR spectra provide non-resolved bands, in contrast to classical techniques (such as chromatography), the application of chemometrics tools is indispensable to extract useful information from spectra. In particular, this work applies principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the high-dimensional NIR spectral data and then includes these PCA factors as explanatory variables in machine learning models to classify EVOO as a function of the geographical origin or PDO. Furthermore, agro-climatic information is added to the previous classification models, providing a clear increase of the reliability of the estimations in calibration and validation. Consequently, the results emphasize the potential of including agro-climatic information, besides NIR spectral one, in classification models because they substantially optimize the findings obtained from only PCA factors.