bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FOR A PROPER UNDERSTANDING OF THE ESSENCE AND INTRINSICALLY OF CREATIVE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Caucasus International University, Dean of the Faculty of Business, PhD in Business Administration Associate Professor., Baratashvili Irma
Published: December 2020

The current global processes at the modern stage of social development require the formation of new approaches to socio-economic development. In the complex of new approaches, the means of promoting development is to increase the quality and efficiency of economic-financial management. Modern governance often calls for the use of well-proven, innovative management in the governance process, and now economics calls for the use of elements of creative management that involve the use of unconventional methods and techniques in the management process. After all, management in the general and general sense is a conscious human activity to achieve the goals set for the organization of joint labour. Management needs to be understood as the ability to achieve goals by using other people’s labour, intellect, and behavioral motives. There are many types of activities and facilities in enterprises and organizations (e.g. production, material and technical supply, finance, marketing, personnel, sale of finished products, etc.). We must recognize that today, in the conditions of an innovative economy, creative management is the most important strategic direction for the development of management science. Creative management reflects a specific aspect of modern industry and enterprise management in the context of accelerating the shift in technological innovation. Today there is a sharp increase in demand for inventive management and managers who possess the ability to venerate quickly to make non-standard and original ideas realization, solve problem situations quickly and efficiently The motto of the master of modern creative management: "I know for sure that the impossible is possible" such a manager today must virtuously master the methods, rules and techniques of non-standard, original management decisions.
CONSERVATION SOIL FERTILITY SOUND USE SYSTEM OF FERTILIZATION AND SEEDING RATE WINTER WHEAT
Authors: Mazur Viktor , Pantsyreva Hanna , Kopytchuk Yurii
Published: December 2020

The biological yield potential of modern winter wheat varieties has been established. The market, changes of organizational and ownership structures in the agricultural sector are studied. The problem of stable and reliable production of winter wheat grain and improvement of its quality has been disclosed. The works of domestic and foreign scientists have been analyzed and their significant contribution to the creation of modern cultivation technology ensuring high profitability of winter wheat has been determined. Grain yields for competitive production are proved. The article is based on the importance in the technological regulation of cultivation of such components as rational fertilization, reasonable sowing norms, which allow to manage the production process of winter wheat crops and to receive high yields, to increase the economic efficiency of cultivation of crops. The efficiency of application of the increased background of fertilizer at the seeding rate of 3.0 million pieces is theoretically substantiated and experimentally proved. us. / ha to realize the genetic potential of winter wheat under the conditions of PE "Zetto", which is located in the village. Klekotina of Shargorod district, Vinnytsia region in the zone of Right-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. The system of agrotechnical measures and their combination in the technology of cultivation is optimized and economically justified, which ensures stable high yield and good quality of winter wheat grain. It is established that for optimization of production processes of plants and rational use of natural and climatic potential of the region and material and technical resources for the purpose of stable grain production. Taking into account the complex of unsolved problems concerning the optimal rate of sowing of winter wheat seeds on the increased backgrounds of fertilizers in relation to the specific soil and climatic conditions of cultivation and biological features of modern varieties and hybrids, technological aspects of cultivation are proposed, which preserve fertility.
Key words: winter wheat, soil fertility, land use, variety, seeding rate, fertilizer system.
EVALUATION OF MAIZE SOURCE MATERIAL BY QUALITATIVE
GRAIN INDICATORS
Authors: Zhemoida Vitali , Makarchuk Oleksandr , Spriazhka Roman
Published: December 2020

The basis of a complex and long process of creating new maize hybrids is the selection of parent components that can serve as sources of improved biochemical and economically valuable traits. Thus, depending on the peculiarities of the directions of maize grain processing, the production requires hybrids with a high starch content, and in the starch itself – amylose or amylopectin. When used for fodder purposes, high protein content is a must. This distribution of hybrids by areas of use will increase the profitability of production and reduce the cost of final products.
The article presents the evaluation results of self-pollinating maize lines collection, which has 38 samples. The collection includes selection samples of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Plant Breeding. V.Ya. Yuriev NAAS and lines of Canadian and Russian origin which are
obtained from the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine. Field research was conducted according to generally accepted methods in the research fields of the Department of genetics, breeding and seed production. prof. M.O. Zelensky National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine of the production unit "Agronomic Research Station", which is located in Vasylkiv district of Kyiv region laboratory. The soil of the experimental area is typical, low-humus, coarse-grained-medium-loam chernozem in terms of granulometric composition. Weather conditions were favorable for maize growing. Determination of quality indicators of maize grain was carried out on the «Infratec 1241 Grain Analyzer». The samples were divided into groups according to the content of quality indicators in the grain. In terms of protein content, two groups with high and medium content were formed, and the total variation of the indicator ranged from 10.0 to 13.8%. According to the starch content, the samples were also divided into two groups with very high and high content, and the percentage varied in the range of 66.5-71.8%. The range of oil content in the grain was in the range of 3.0-5.9% and, accordingly, three groups with high, medium and low content were formed. Selected inbred lines according to a set of indicators that serve as analyzers in the scheme of tester crosses to determine the degree of inheritance of specific biochemical traits.
Key words: corn, inbred line, hybrid, biochemical parameters, amylose, amylopectin, tester, combination ability.
GENETIC SOURCES AND NEW GENPLASMA - THE BASIS OF INTRODUCED MAIZE MATERIAL
Authors: Al Sheikh Kaddur Akhmad , Zhemoida Vitalii , Makarchuk Oleksandr , Alokhin Volodymyr
Published: December 2020

The efficiency of selection work depends on the availability of the source maize material with genetic diversity, high combination ability and a set of economically valuable traits. Modern maize hybrids are created using only a small portion of gene plasma. Only 5-8% of the species maize diversity is used in the modern breeding process.
Of great importance for successful breeding research and effective selection is the introduced material, especially from different parts of the globe. Each form, line, variety or hybrid is characterized by a set of many features and properties. The most important of them change more under the influence of adaptation, when grown in new conditions.
Scientists of the Department of genetics, breeding and seed production named after prof. M.O. Zelensky NULES of Ukraine have been working together with the Department of Crop Production of the University of Aleppo (Syrian Arab Republic) for more than 20 years to expand the gene pool, developed a scheme, methods of approaches to the introduced forms for their analysis, testing, selection, followed by the creation of both source material and the creation of high-yielding hybrids in Ukraine and Syria.
The article presents materials that highlight the importance of different approaches to the selection of source material, genetic sources, as well as the importance of the new gene plasma in the creation of self-pollinating lines, its preservation and subsequent use in breeding programs. The results of many years of research and reports of their results provide an opportunity to summarize the indicators of the migration effect from one area to another.
It is established that the use maize samples of Syrian origin begins with overcoming the low cold resistance and slowed down the initial growth of maize. That is why the original forms of Syrian selection when grown in the conditions of "VP ADS NULES of Ukraine" (Pshenichne village, Vasylkiv district, Kyiv region) have a long growing season and late emergence of panicles. This shortcoming can be eliminated only by selection.
The authors have developed proposals for a joint research program, test methods, recommended scheme of work with the original material of Syrian and Ukrainian maize selection.
Key words: maize, source material, introduction, cell and genetic engineering, genetic diversity, genetic resources, sources of traits, collections, adaptation.
VARIETAL FEATURES OF BRUSSELS SPROUTS ACCORDING TO THE ADAPTED TECHNOLOGY OF CULTIVATION IN OPEN GROUND
Authors: Vdovenko Serhii , Ivanovych Oleksandra , Shvydkyi Pavel , Zatolochny Oleg
Published: December 2020

Vegetable growing is one of the most important and, at the same time, the most complex plant growing branches of agriculture in Ukraine. Firstly, this is due to the value and irreplaceability of vegetable products for human nutrition, which determines the spread of vegetable crops in all regions of the country and the allocation of large areas of agricultural land for their cultivation. On the other hand, a feature of the industry is low transportability and high labor intensity of vegetable production, a large set of cultivated vegetable crops and the mechanization of individual production processes of their cultivation, in particular harvesting, is complicated.
Therefore, it is very important to expand better than the cultivation of new vegetable crops, the cultivation areas of which are currently relatively small. One of these crops is Brussels sprouts, which is characterized by excellent nutritional and medicinal properties, but whose cultivation areas are insignificant, due to insufficient study of the characteristics of crop cultivation.
Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. Gemmifera) - vegetable crop. Traditionally regarded as a variety of the species Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) of the genus Cabbage (Brassica) of the Cabbage family (Brassicaceae), some modern sources do not consider Brussels sprouts as an independent species, but consider it a group of varieties of the species Brassica oleracea L., with this approach, the correct name of this group considered Brassica oleracea Gemmifera Group.
Keywords: brussels sprouts, variety studies, hybrid, vegetable growing, seed, growing season, shoots.
INFLUENCE OF BIOLOGIZED FERTILIZER SYSTEMS ON THE INTENSITY OF ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN LEGUME-FORBS PLANTS
Authors: Titarenko Olga
Published: December 2020

The influence of improvement of natural forage lands on the intensity of accumulation of PB, Cd, Zn and Cu in cereal and legume grasses for application of organic fertilizers and defects to the soil has been studied.
It has been proved that the high efficiency of reduction of lead and cadmium in legume-forbs plants for improving the condition of natural forage lands in the area of their local pollution was followed by the introduction of organic matter and defects into the soil. It was also found that with the increase of vegetation years of forbs and legumes of natural fodder lands for the introduction of organic fertilizers and defects, the concentration of lead, cadmium, zinc and copper in it decreased.
As a result of theoretical analysis and experimental research, the level of heavy metal contamination of plant biodiversity of natural forage lands at different man-made loads was studied. The intensity of pollution of plant biodiversity of absolute land, normal land and land of excessive moisture of dry lowland meadows of Vinnytsia Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu in the conditions of different technogenic loading is estimated.
It was found that with a radical improvement of natural forage lands of dry lowland meadows compared to the surface in the conditions of local pollution, a lower intensity of grass accumulation of heavy metals was observed already in the 1st year of vegetation. The analysis of the obtained results allows us to conclude that the vegetation of natural forage lands in the conditions of local pollution of Vinnytsia region can accumulate above the allowable level of cadmium, which is characteristic of dry moisture, relatively lower content of heavy metals. Under the agrochemical impact on natural forage lands there is a certain pollution of their heavy metals, the accumulation of which in the vegetation depended on the system of tillage with the use of organic matter, relatively higher than mineral fertilization with surface tillage.
Key words: lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, grass and legumes, natural forage lands.
WAYS TO INCREASE YIELD OF CHICKPEAS
Authors: Shcatula Yurii , Votyk Volodymyr
Published: December 2020

The analysis of literary sources showed that interest in chickpeas is increasing, sown areas under this crop are expanding, and technological features for chickpea cultivation are changing.
The yield of chickpea seeds to a large extent depends on the biological characteristics of the variety, fertilizers, compliance with the timing and methods of sowing, inoculation of seeds and the like. Much attention should be paid to the system of protection of chickpea agrocenoses from harmful organisms. Weak competition of chickpea plants with weeds is primarily due to the peculiarity of the development of this culture in the early stages, when there is an intensive development of the root system and slow - the aboveground part. In these early stages of their development, chickpea plants are not yet able to fully compete with weeds. The latter, on the contrary, are serious competitors, as they actively use nutrients, moisture and shade plants.
High selectivity and herbicidal activity in chickpea crops were shown by soil preparations: Stomp, 33% k.e. (4.0 l / ha); Harness, 90% (1.5–3.0 l / ha); Optima frontier (0.8– 1.0 l / ha). Weed reduction was 85–90% and yield increase was 0.71–0.82 t / ha. Of the post-emergence herbicides in chickpea crops in conditions of mixed weed type, it was advisable to use Pulsar (0.5-0.9 l / ha) and Pivot (0.5-0.8 l / ha). Weed loss was 81.0–82.0% and yield increase was 0.72–0.76 t / ha. When using different herbicides, the yield of chickpea grain was in the range from 1.26 to 1.44 t / ha.
The presence of chickpeas in crops leads to severe inhibition, especially in the initial stages of vegetation. The most effective and economically feasible at present is the use of a tank mixture of herbicides Harnes + Gezagard 500 FM (2.0 l/ha + 3.0-4.0 l/ha) which makes it possible to control a wide range of weeds and extend the duration of the protective shield preparations.
Chickpea seeds ripen fairly evenly throughout the plant, the beans do not crack or crumble, the plants do not lie down, so when harvested by direct combining there are no problems. The growing season in chickpeas lasts 80-120 days, depending on the variety and growing conditions, so it is harvested in late July or early August after harvesting cereals. The yield of chickpea seeds varies in the range 1.4–2.7 t/ha, and with proper technology and climatic conditions it can be 2.5–3.5 t/ha.
Key words: chickpeas, agrocenosis, technology, mineral fertilizers, weeds, herbicides, biological products, productivity.
FOLIAR FEEDING AS A FACTOR IN INCREASING THE LEVEL OF GRAIN PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING BARLEY
Authors: Tynko Valentyna
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of spring barley crops and the effect of foliar fertilization on them. Prospects and effectiveness of biological products as a basic fertilizer for cereals. Spring barley is a valuable food, fodder and technical crop. Pearl barley and barley groats are made from vitreous and coarse-grained two-row barley grain. Most barley is used for feed purposes. In 1 kg. grain contains 1.2 feed units and 100 g of digestible protein. Spring barley contains a lot of protein (9-12%), carbohydrates (70-75%), pentazoles (7-11%), sucrose (1.7-2%), fiber (3.8-5.5%), fat (1.6-2%), ash (2-3%).
Spring barley grain is characterized by high nutritional value and is widely used in feed production, confectionery, brewing. However, in the dynamics of its yield there are significant fluctuations, which is associated with both agro-climatic conditions and organizational and economic. Having a short growing season, underdeveloped root system, the culture is quite demanding on the provision of basic factors of plant life, including nutrients.
The system of fertilization of spring barley is determined primarily by predecessors. It has a valuable ability to make the best use of the aftereffects of organic and mineral fertilizers applied to the previous crop. If spring barley is sown after well-fertilized row crops (sugar beet, potatoes), under which 40-50 t / ha of manure and mineral fertilizers are applied within N80P80K80 - N120P120K120, then fertilizers are not applied directly under barley at all. Against this background, barley with proper care can form 40-50 kg / ha of grain.
It is clear that in case of incomplete supply of sugar beets or potatoes with fertilizers, barley will require additional application of macronutrients.
Barley responds very well to fertilizer application, especially in conditions of sufficient moisture. The increase in yield from mineral fertilizers can reach 15-20 kg / ha. To prevent lodging of plants, it is necessary to ensure the correct ratio of nutrients - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Given the condition of the soil cover and low volumes of fertilizer application, we consider the issues of optimization of mineral nutrition of spring barley to be relevant and in need of refinement. An important component of the plant nutrition system is the use of microfertilizers. Therefore, the purpose of our research is to establish the reaction of spring barley to the complex use of microfertilizers, crop formation and grain quality in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine [3]
Key words: spring barley, foliar feeding, biological products.
GRAIN RESOURCES IN UKRAINE: THE CURRENT STATE AND THE PROSPECTS OF USE
Authors: Pantsyreva Hanna
Published: December 2020

The analysis of literary sources revealed the problems of the development of organic agriculture, the development of environmentally friendly technologies for growing leguminous crops, the expansion of areas of cultivation of high-protein legumes and the study of their impact on soil fertility, improvement of its condition and conservation in general in the face of climate change. Grain legumes, as well as cereals, have been found to be a staple food for most of the world's population, especially in developing countries. In Ukraine, crop data have become strategic and important by overcoming the problem of providing the animal feed to the feed protein. They cover 16% of humanity's need for protein. The reserves of increasing the efficiency of using modern varieties of leguminous crops, aimed at increasing their yield and quality, saving material and technical and energy resources, have been evaluated. It is proved that in this plan it is important to search for selection of scientifically-proven varietal legume cultivation technology for different zones using microbiological fertilizers and growth of stimulating nature allowed for use, in order to preserve soil fertility, improve its physical and chemical properties, and stabilize its granulometric properties. Soil microbiota. The national varieties listed in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine as a factor of increasing competitive agriculture and adapting them to organic varietal technologies of growing leguminous crops are subject to study. The article identifies the varietal diversity of genetic support for a fundamentally new source material of leading leguminous crops. The problematic of the scientific article has a complex multidisciplinary character in the combination of adaptive farming systems and varietal cultivation technology in view of current trends in climate change. Installation and implementation are based on the problems, as well as the tasks of applied research, which is performed at the expense of the state budget fund on the theme: «Development of methods for improving the technology of growing leguminous crops using biofertilizers, bacterial preparations, extracurricular nutrition and physical nutrition» Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.
Key words: legumes, variety, technological methods, cultivation area, use cases.
THE EFFECT OF SOWING DATES AND NITROGEN FOLIAR FERTILIZATION ON SPRING BARLEY PRODUCTIVITY UNDER CONDITIONS OF RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE
Authors: Polishchuk Mihaylo
Published: December 2020

In order to maximize the potential of productivity of spring barley varieties, it is important to optimize the conditions for plant growth and development, which are, first of all, provided by the latest intensive agricultural technologies, which provide
for the correct placement of crops in crop rotation after the respective precursors; optimal supply of plants with nutrients, taking into account their content in the soil; fractional application of nitrogen fertilizers during the growing season by phases of growth and stages of organogenesis; the use of retardants, integrated protection of
plants against weeds, pests, diseases, timely and quality implementation of all agrotechnical measures. Research to study the effectiveness of different terms of spring barley sowing and doses of nitrogen fertilizers were conducted during 2018 - 2019 in the conditions of the research field of VSAU v. Agronomichne of Vinnytsia region on gray ashed soils.
Weather conditions during the years of the research differed from the average long-term data with high temperature conditions and low rainfall, and accordingly the most favorable year for the growth and development of spring barley was 2018.
It is shown the 2-years investigation results on study the effect of sowing dates and nitrogen fertilizations on productivity elements and quality indexes of spring barley grain under conditions of Right-Bank Forest-Steppe on gray forest soils. Accordingly, the highest levels of harvest of barley cultivars at different sowing dates were obtained under conditions of 2018. t should also be noted that the delay of sowing by 6 days in the years of research leads to a decrease in the yield level on average for all varieties by 0,42 – 0,64 t / ha, and a delay of 14 days leads to a decrease by 1,37 – 1,80 t / ha. The use of nitrogen fertilizers leads to an increase in the yield level of both cultivated varieties, and the highest crop yields of the Svarog variety were obtained in the experiment where the background + N60 was applied in the foliar fertilization (4,87 t / ha), and the lowest respectively in the control variant 3,16 t /ha, in the Armax variety a similar situation is observed, however, with lower indicators respectively 4,54 and 3,06 t / ha. The lowest values of protein content in the grain were obtained in the control variant where only N17 P17 K17 was applied to rows when sowing, and the use of nitrogen fertilization leads to an increase in this indicator and the highest values obtained in the variant of experiment 4, where Background (N17 P17 K17) + N60 in the foliar fertilization on the feeding phase of the tube exit.
Key words: spring barley, nitrogen fertilizers, elements of the crop structure, yield, quality of production.
IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL APPROVALS OF SPRING WHEAT PRODUCTION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST UKRAINE
Authors: Polishuk Mihaylo , Antko Ruslan
Published: December 2020

The article presents the effectiveness of the influence of certain agrotechnical components of the technology of growing wheat wheat in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. The positive influence of application of foliar fertilization of crops is shown. The prospects of using the complex application of intensification elements are determined.
It has been established that the optimization of the mode of power provides a more complete disclosure of the resource potential of plants, which increases yields. Reindeer nutrition should be considered as an element of supplementation to the soil nutrition system, primarily due to the fact that plants are able to absorb nutrients through the leaf surface only in limited quantities, with excess concentration of which possible burns or intoxication of plants.
The use of foliar feeding on the background of the main fertilizer has been found to have a positive effect on productivity and quality. The role of the plant nutrition system, which allows to control the formation of grain productivity of spring wheat crops, is substantiated. It has been found that the optimization of the nutrition regime provides a fuller disclosure of the resource potential of the plants, thereby increasing the yield. Nutrition optimization provides more complete disclosure of plant resource potential, thereby increasing yields.
It is determined that under the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine the level of spring wheat yield is largely determined by the amount of rainfall that has fallen during the growing season. By optimizing the wheat's nutritional conditions, its productivity increases substantially, regardless of weather and climatic conditions.
The use of mineral fertilizers, especially nitrogen in combination with phosphorus and potassium, can significantly improve the nutritional regime of the soil. The available nutrients of the plant are provided as a result of the mineralization of organic compounds by soil microorganisms and the transition of soluble mineral substances into solubility. This creates a more favorable environment for the growth and development of plants and for maintaining high soil fertility. At the end of the spring wheat vegetation, there was a redistribution of nitric and ammoniacal forms of nitrogen.
It is advisable to continue research in this area and to deepen in connection with the emergence of new varieties, preparations and changes in climatic and soil conditions.
Key words: spring wheat, yield, variety, sowing dates, seeding rate.
FORMATION OF OIL CONTENT IN OIL RADISH SEEDS DEPENDING ON APPLIED MICROELEMENTS
Authors: Tsytsiura Yaroslav , Kovalchuk Yurii
Published: December 2020

In the article the results of studying of features of role of trace elements in the formation of the quality indicators of seeds of oilseed radish in two varieties are reflected. Systematized the views of various researchers on the processes of formation of
oil content in cruciferous crops in general and radish oilseed in particular, given the current strategy of fertilizer oilseed crops of the family Cruciferae. Studied feature of the stages of the implementation and effectiveness of mono-component micronutrients in the form of easily soluble and readily available substances.
The studied set of microelements included the recommended list of physiologically important components of modern microfertilizer formats and their chemical composition in order to optimally analyze the effectiveness of application for their single application in two key phases of oilseed radish – the phenological phase of stalking and the phenological phase of flowering. The use of each of micronutrients was effective and substantial compared to the oil content of seeds of both cultivars of oilseed radish given the level of oil content in seeds in control variant. The magnitude of the variation in the oil index was estimated taking into account the differences in the nature of the hydrothermal regimes of the research period. This allowed to determine the degree of genotypic nature of the formation of the oil content of seeds in oilseed radish and the possibility and effectiveness of selection of appropriate genotypes with the prospect of obtaining oil in the technical direction of use. Also assessed the role of individual micronutrients in the magnitude of the volatility of oil content in seeds of oilseed radish. Determined that the increase of oil content in seeds of oilseed radish the addition of various trace elements in the range of 0.3-1.4% from the close dynamic the resulting effective action on the formation of this indicator in the form of Co>Zn>Cu>B>Mn>Mo. It is proved that the efficacy of these minerals increases with introducing them into the flowering stage, which is a critical period regarding the implementation of the reproductive potential of the plants of oilseed radish and the formation of appropriate indicators of the quality of its seeds. The recommendations for further research in the field of optimization of fertilizer radish seeds and micronutrients were formulated.
Key words: oilseed radish, fertilizer, microelements, seed quality, oil content, variety.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF MOLDOVA UNDER CONDITIONS OF PROHIBITION OF PESTICIDES
Authors: Pamuzhak N. , Shinkaruk V. , Didur I. , Melnik V.
Published: December 2020

In article the essence of the impact of the European legislation with regard to the use of pesticides, the situation prevailing in the agricultural production of Moldova. Highlighted a number of difficulties that arose before the farmers of the Republic for the prohibition of widely used active substances. The attention is focused on the emergence of weak links in the development of systems for the protection of strategically important crops. In particular, significant adjustment requires pre-sowing preparation of seeds of grain crops, which excludes the use of fungicidal disinfectants based on the active ingredients Propiconazole and Thiram. Protection
of crops of wheat, corn and sunflower seeds from soil pests has been complicated by the ban of the insecticides Thiamethoxam and Imidacloprid content. With the exception of the insecticide from the chemical class neonatologu, on production efficiency in beet production will have a significant impact the prohibition of the use of herbicides based on the active substance Desmedipham.
Shows the comparative characteristics of the insecticide from the chemical class neonatologu and synthetic pyrethroids, features of their application in the systems of protection of agricultural crops.
Given data on the increase in per hectare cost of insecticide treatments in relation to changes in the pesticide market of Moldova. Actuality urgent solutions to the problems faced by the Moldovan farmers and improving the effectiveness of systems of protection of major crops.
Today, farmers are thinking about other issues that cause them worry and doubt – when available alternative to chemical remedies, preparations in the framework of the integrated systems; they will be less dangerous for the environment; how effective is their use and how it will affect the expenditure of the cultivation of strategically important crops. A priority for Moldova, as with most civilized countries of the world. But the ban of several pesticides, without provision of alternative protection options, will complicate the protection of crops from harmful objects and will be on the agribusiness significant financial burden. The solution to this problem should be based on comprehensive research and be scientifically justified, what becomes an urgent task for agricultural science of the country.
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE ADAPTIVE SORTING TECHNOLOGY OF GROWING LEGUMINOUS CROPS IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Mazur Viktor , Didur Ihor , Pantsyreva Hanna
Published: December 2020

The relevance of the conducted research is based on the tasks of the applied research of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University on the topic: «Development of methods for improving the technology of growing leguminous crops using biofertilizers, bacterial preparations, foliar fertilizers and physiologically active substances». Analysing the literature sources various technological methods of growing leguminous crops for providing the rational use of natural agricultural potential, which will further increase the sown area of major legumes, which are of strategic importance, have been evaluated. The article analyses the varietal diversity of leguminous crops included in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine. High-yielding varieties for the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine of soybeans – Azymut, Holubka, sowing peas – Tsarevych and Prystan have been chosen for the study; white lupine – Veresnevyi, Chabanskyi; narrow-leaved lupine – Olimp, Peremozhets; chickpeas for sowing – Skarb, Pegas. According to the group of ripeness, early-, medium- and medium-early-ripening varieties of legumes are selected, which have been distinguished among others for their high grain and protein productivity. It has been determined that the types of legumes in terms of set basic economic-valuable peculiarities have significant advantages such as resistance to adverse environmental factors, pests and manufacturability. The field experiments have shown that the combination of inoculation of seeds with a bacterial preparation and treatment of plants for vegetation with a retardant has had a positive effect on increasing the yield of the crops. For the years of the conducted researches, the maximum seed yield in the leguminous crops has been determined. Thus, in sowing peas the most productive type was Prystan (2.6 t/ha), white lupine – Chabanskyi (3.4 t/ha), narrow-leaved lupine – Peremozhets (2.6 t/ha), chickpea – Skarb. 3.0 t/ha) and in soybeans – Azymut (2.6 t/ha). The largest increases in grain productivity were obtained by treating the seeds with the bacterial preparation Rhizohumin and spraying the crops with chlormequat chloride retardant in the budding phase.
Keywords: leguminous crops, variety, quality, yield, growing area.
INFLUENCE OF BEE FEEDING WITH SOY PEPTON ON THE
INTENSITY OF BREEDING GROWING IN THE CONDITIONS OF POLLINATION OF GREENHOUSES
Authors: Razanov Serhii , Nedashkivskii Volodymyr
Published: December 2020

Expansion of areas for crops of entomophytic crops, including vegetables in closed soil conditions requires an increase in the number of bee colonies and increase the efficiency of pollination. It is known that the intensity of bee pollination of entomophytic crops significantly depends on the strength of bee colonies, in particular, on the number of bees in it. It has been proved that the creation of strong bee families is impossible without full-fledged feeding of bees, which is not always possible to organize, especially in closed soil conditions.
Under such conditions, the vital activity of bees is disrupted, which negatively affects the efficiency of pollination of entomophytic greenhouse crops.
It is proved that keeping bee colonies in closed soil leads to a sharp decrease in dry matter, amino acids and proteins. At the same time, it is necessary to note a sharp decline in the development and strength of bee colonies.
The results of the research showed a certain efficiency of using soy flour after its preliminary fermentation. In particular, feeding bee colonies with soy peptone in powdered sugar increased the growth of brood by 31.6% compared to their counterparts, which included soy flour in the feed additive.
Bee colonies that were not fed protein substitutes raised less brood compared to their counterparts in the first and second experimental groups, 1.1% and 29.7%, respectively.
At the same time, it should be noted that keeping bee colonies in closed soil conditions significantly reduced the number of brood grown in all experimental
groups. However, the lowest intensity of reduction was in bee colonies fed a feed mixture containing soy peptone. There is a certain effect of feeding bee colonies with protein substitutes in the closed soil on the chemical composition of their body: to increase the content of protein, fat, ash, calcium and phosphorus.
Key words: bee colonies, development, brood, closed soils, protein, fat, ash, soy flour, soy peptone.
FORMATION OF HARVEST STRUCTURE OF PLANTS OF VEGETABLE VARIETIES DEPENDING ON CROP SPECIFICS, LIMITATION OF SOIL AND NUTRITIONAL SYSTEM
Authors: Mostovenko Voldemar
Published: December 2020

The highest indicators of plant height of vegetable pea varieties were observed in the variants of the experiment, where mineral fertilizers, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with rhizotorphin and microfertilizer Vuxal Extra CoMo, foliar fertilization with microfertilizers Vuxal Microplant during vegetative growth and Wuxal Caucasus vegetable Skinado − 84.2 cm and Somerwood − 84.3 cm.
However, the greater influence on the formation of plant height was provided by pre-sowing treatment of seeds with microfertilizer Vuxal Extra CoMo against the background of mineral fertilizers N30P60K60, and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with rhizotorphin and was higher in pea varieties Skinado and Somerwood by 3.2 and 3.8 cm compared to control .
The largest number of seeds per plant was obtained in the variant of the experiment, which was applied foliar fertilization with microfertilizers Vuxal Microplant during vegetative growth and Vuxal Calcium, Boron during budding on the background of mineral fertilizers N30P60K60, and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with rhizotorph Skinado pea varieties − 67.41 and Somerwood − 72.48 pieces, which is 19.77 and 21.56 pieces. more than the control.
The use of liming (0.5 and 1.0 norms per g. K.) Led to a moderate increase in the number of seeds per plant. The best option provided the highest number of seeds on the plant, where liming was carried out (1.0 norm per hectare) on the background of mineral fertilizers N30P60K60 and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with rhizotorphin and microfertilizer Vuxal Extra CoMo and applied foliar fertilization with microfertilizers Vuxal Micro time of growth of vegetative mass and Vuxal Calcium, Boron during budding in varieties Skinado − 67.94 and Somerwood − 73.59 pieces, which is higher than in the control by 20.3 and 22.67 pieces, respectively.
Key words: peas, liming, fertilizers, foliar fertilization.
FORMATION OF ELEMENTS OF LENTIL YIELD STRUCTURE DEPENDING ON INOCULATION AND FERROUS FERTILIZATION
Authors: Korshevniuk Serhii
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the prospects of growing importance and lentils are among the legumes that are cultivated in Ukraine. Outline the main advantages and attractiveness of culture, taking into account modern tendencies of formation of the grain market and target their use of culture. The attention is focused on the need for the development of zonal adaptive technology of cultivation of lentil in Ukraine. The approaches to modern strategy of fertilization and crop growing and the role of inoculants and micronutrients in the realization of genetic yield potential of cultivar have been viewed.
The peculiarities of application of one of the modern seed inoculants for lentil Anders-p and complex chelated micronutrient fertilizers for presowing treatment of seeds Oracle seed in the format of single and combined application on the background recommended background of mineral nutrition on the level of 30 kg/ha of active substance nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
The influence of these drugs on the formation of the field germination of seeds and the formation of the duration of the period sowing-germination has been revealed. It has been proved that the combined use of medication and micronutrient provides a General shortening the pre-emergence period of 3 days for the growth of germination at least 3.5-4.0 per cent.
It has been determined that as the inoculum Anderis-p, and fertilizer, the Oracle seeds has a positive impact on the growth processes of plants lentils for indicators of stem height with a maximum increase of 3.1 cm (8.5 % to control) by combined use of the drug and chelated micronutrient fertilizers. Single applications were also positive, but substantially smaller relative to the control. Similar data have been obtained in terms of individual grain productivity – the number of beans for plant, number of grains per plant
and 1000 seed weight. The latest reading was the highest level of genetic determination, with a minimum interval increase in the use of drugs from 0.45 to 2.15 %.
Thus, the maximum level of productivity at the level of 1.34 t/ha with an increase of the control noted in case of combination of both fertilizers in the format of pre-sowing seed treatment.
Key words: lentil, microfertilizers, seed quality, inoculations, foliar fertilization.
ESTIMATION OF HEAT RESISTANCE OF OILSEED RADISH BY LABORATORY METHODS
Authors: Tsytsiura Yaroslav
Published: December 2020

The article reflects the results of studying the peculiarities of the study of drought and heat resistance of three zoned varieties of oil radish, based on widely tested methods applied to a number of other agricultural crops. The viewpoints of many researchers on the processes of forming the temperature stress adaptations of plants have been systematised, taking into consideration the mechanism of drought and heat resistance and its role in providing the development of adaptive elements of the technology for growing cruciferous crops and climatic changes in the growing season in the area of economic distribution of oilseed radish. The peculiarities of the application of two laboratory techniques simultaneously have been studied. One of the methods is based on stress reactions of seeds with an assessment of the level of its germination after preliminary long-term heating of the wetted seeds by gradually increasing high temperatures. The second technique is based on the temperature reaction of the assimilation apparatus of plants to an environment with different temperatures in order to determine the degree of destructive effect of high temperatures on leaf structures with the subsequent determination of the degree of damage to the studied samples by staining the affected areas in the appropriate chemical environments. The application of this methodology has made it possible to determine that the threshold temperature value for forming the standard permissible levels of laboratory germination of seeds in the studied varieties of oil radish is in the range of 35-45 °C. The actual intensive decrease in laboratory germination for seeds with one-year biological age in the studied varieties of oil radish has been distinguished for the temperature regime of heating at 60 °C and higher with a zero level of laboratory germination at 80 °C. Considering the short heating period of pre-soaked seeds, oil radish plants are able to withstand a short-term increase in air temperature with sufficient soil moisture in the confidence range of 40-55 °C. Considering the decrease in laboratory germination for seeds of biological age 1-5 years already starting from the level of preliminary heating at a temperature of 30 °C – the optimum germination of oilseed radish varieties and the optimal growth and development of oilseed radish plants in conditions of sufficient soil moisture was most likely in the range of 20-25°C. Based on the results of the application of these methods in relation to drought and heat resistance, the studied varieties of oilseed radish can be placed in the following order of decreasing of the indicator ‘Raduga’-‘Zhuravka’-‘Lybid’.
The prospects for further research in the field of optimizing drought and heat resistance diagnostics by laboratory methods have been formulated.
Key words: oilseed radish, drought resistance, heat resistance, germination, temperature adaptation.
DYNAMICS OF SOWN LUCERNE DENSITY IN THE PERIOD OF VEGETATION, DEPENDING ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF GROWING
Authors: Tsyhanskyi Viacheslav
Published: December 2020

The most widespread perennial leguminous grass is lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). Lucerne is a high nutritive value legume that is grown for its feed value, its contribution of legume nitrogen to the soil and for its deep root system and ability to use water. Lucerne is rated on its winter activity level with varieties having high or low winter growth activity. Lucerne is suited for soils with a pH (CaCl2) between 5.5 and 8.0. Rooting depth of lucerne is constrained by poor soil structure, acidity, compaction, salinity and waterlogging.
Lucerne can increase the capacity of soils to store water because of its deep roots and perennial life-cycle. The role of lucerne is exposed in a feed production. Climatic, soil, genetic and management factors and their interactions influence lucerne production. The separate elements of technology of its growing are considered in this article. The value of lime treatment has been exposed in growth and development of this culture. Influence of inoculation, growing technique, presowing seed treatment on the thickness of lucerne plants (Medicago sativa L.) has been presented.
With the introduction of new varieties of perennial legumes, namely alfalfa sowing, there is a need to develop elements of cultivation technology and to establish their impact on grass density during the growing season.
To create a highly productive agrophytocenosis of alfalfa for sowing due to the maximum preservation of plants in the grassland, it is advisable to grow it uncovered with the application of herbicide on the background of mineral fertilizers and application of full lime with pre-sowing seed treatment with Rhizobophyte in combination with Emistim С.
Keywords: lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), lime treatment, inoculation, growing technique, safety of plants.