bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kandungan Serat Dan Zat Besi Biskuit Tepung Beras Merah (Oryza Nivara) Dan Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera)
Authors: Zaddana Cantika , Amalia Dina , Rusli Zaldy , Wahyuningrum Cyntia
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang : Beras merah merupakan salah satu jenis beras yang mengandung kadar serat lebih tinggi dari beras putih. Daun kelor pun merupakan salah satu jenis daun yang mengandung kadar zat besi tinggi namun masyarakat jarang mengonsumsinya karena rasanya yang pahit dan memiliki aroma yang kurang disukai. Pemanfaatan daun kelor untuk dijadikan olahan pangan fungsional dapat dilakukan dengan mengkombinasikan bersama bahan lain yang dapat menutupi unsur organoleptiknya tersebut. Biskuit adalah jenis makanan ringan yang berbahan dasar tepung umumnya banyak disukai masyarakat. Pembuatan biskuit dari tepung beras merah dan tepung daun kelor bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan beras merah serta daun kelor untuk menghasilkan inovasi olahan pangan fungsional yang dapat diterima oleh masyarakat. Pokok utama dari penelitian ini adalah membuat biskuit yang memenuhi syarat mutu biskuit yang telah ditetapkan sekaligus mengandung serat dan zat besi tinggi.
Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat biskuit dari tepung beras merah dan daun kelor yang memenuhi persyaratan mutu SNI, menentukan kadar serat dan zat besi dari tepung beras merah dan daun kelor, serta menentukan formula biskuit yang paling disukai oleh panelis.
Metode : Biskuit dibuat dengan 5 formula dengan konsentrasi (tepung beras merah : tepung daun kelor) yang berbeda, pada formula 1 (0% : 50%), formula 2 (50% : 0%), formula 3 (20% : 30%), formula 4 (25% : 25%) dan formula 5 (30% : 20%). Parameter uji mutu biskuit meliputi (uji kadar air, uji kadar abu, uji cemaran mikroba, uji kadar lemak, uji kadar protein, uji kadar karbohidrat, analisis kadar serat, analisis kadar zat besi dan uji hedonik).
Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil uji parameter mutu biskuit dapat dinyatakan memenuhi syarat, sedangkan hasil uji kadar serat formula 1 memiliki kadar serat paling tinggi yaitu 23,295% dan pada hasil uji analisis zat besi formula 1 memiliki kandungan zat besi paling tinggi yaitu 211,41 mg/kg. Dari hasil uji hedonik formula 5 (konsentrasi daun kelor terendah) merupakan formula terbaik karena daun kelor memiliki rasa dan aroma yang khas yang kurang disukai panelis.
Kesimpulan : kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu, biskuit dari tepung beras merah dan tepung daun kelor memenuhi persyaratan mutu SNI tahun 2011, biskuit dari tepung beras merah dan tepung daun kelor memiliki kandungan serat dan zat besi yang tinggi terutama pada formula 1, serta dapat diterima dan disukai oleh para panelis terutama pada formula 5 dengan konsentrasi tepung beras merah 30% dan daun kelor 20%.
Pengembangan Biskuit “Prozi” Tinggi Protein dan Kaya Zat Besi untuk Ibu Hamil sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Stunting
Authors: Nabilla Dinda Yulia , Sabta Aji Dr. Arif , Nufaisah Afifah , Saputri Wulana , Aprilia Veriani , Rahayu Herwinda Kusuma , Salfarino Ryan
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Di era adaptasi kebiasaan baru selama pandemi Covid-19, masalah gizi seperti KEK dan anemia pada ibu hamil masih banyak ditemukan. Upaya peningkatan asupan energi, protein dan zat besi perlu dilakukan dengan pemberian makanan tambahan untuk mengoptimalkan perkembangan janin selama hamil.
Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat pengembangan produk makanan tambahan berupa biskuit “Prozi” dengan memanfaatkan sumber pangan lokal seperti ikan kembung, kedelai, dan daun kelor sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai gizi protein dan zat besi pada biscuit serta mendukung upaya pencegahan stunting.
Metode: Penelitian eksperiman dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal dilakukan dengan variasi perlakuan sejumlah tiga perlakuan yaitu T1 (20%;80%), T2 (50%:50%), T3 (80%:20%) dan satu formulasi kontrol yang mengandung 100% tepung terigu atau T0 (100%:0%). Perbandingan bahan dibuat menggunakan perbandingan tepung campuran (10% daun kelor, 20% tepung kedelai, 20% tepung ikan kembung dan 50% tepung ubi jalar) dan tepung terigu. Analisis data menggunakkan Uji One Way ANOVA untuk melihat perbedaan kandungan zat gizi makro dan zat besi.
Hasil: Semakin tinggi proporsi tepung campuran yang ditambahkan dalam formulasi akan meningkatkan kadar air, abu, protein dan lemak serta menurunkan kadar karbohidrat pada biscuit. Terdapat pengaruh substitusi sebagian tepung terigu dengan campuran terhadap kandungan protein dan zat besi pada formulasi biskuit “Prozi” (6-11% dan 1,56-2,73 mg/100 g) (P<0,05).
Kesimpulan: Penambahan tepung campuran ini memberikan pengaruh positif untuk meningkatkan kadar protein dan zat besi pada biskuit. Pengembangan biskuit “Prozi” bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai biskuit PMT ibu hamil untuk memberikan tambahan asupan protein dan zat besi untuk mencegah KEK selama kehamilan dan pencegahan stunting.
The Role of Micronutrients with the Trends of Exposure to Covid-19 in Adults in Medan Estate Deli Serdang
Authors: Tarigan Novriani , Siahaan Ginta , Nasution Erlina
Published: December 2022

Background: COVID-19 caused by SARS-Cov2 was reported by WHO that have infected people around the world and caused death. Indonesia was the country with the highest mortality compared to countries in Asia at around 7.2%. COVID-19 caused the decrease in body's immunity so that an adequate intake of vitamins A, E, C as well as iron and zinc minerals was needed to prevent the easy transmission of the COVID-19 virus.
Objective: Assesing the role of micronutrients with the exposure tendency to COVID 19 in adults in Medan Estate, Deli Serdang.
Methods: The research was observational with a cross sectional design. The population aged 30-58 years amounted to 158 people, while the sample was determined based on simple random sampling method and obtained sample of 61 people. Vitamins A, C, E intake as well as zinc and iron minerals were obtained using food recall for 3 days, then processed with Nutrisurvey. Meanwhile, the exposure tendency to COVID-19 was obtained by filling out a form about the symptoms experienced during the pandemic.
Results: The results showed that the intake of vitamin A was in sufficient category of 58%, vitamin C was in less category of 69%, vitamin E was in less category of 61%, zinc was in less category of 54%, and iron in sufficient category of 53%. The results of statistical tests showed that there was correlation between intake of vitamins A, C and iron minerals to the exposure tendency to COVID 19, while vitamin E and zinc were not related to the exposure tendency to COVID 19.
Conclusions: There was correlation between intake of vitamins A, C and iron minerals with a exposure tendency to COVID 19, while vitamin E and zinc were not associated with exposure tendency to COVID 19. Required adequate intake of nutrients in preventing transmission of Covid 19, also continues with obligation to comply health protocol that recommended by the Government.
Peran Kelompok Dukungan Bagi Keberhasilan Ibu Bekerja Memberikan ASI Eksklusif
Authors: Rakhmawati Agustina
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Salah satu penyebab kegagalan ASI eksklusif adalah kembalinya ibu bekerja. Angka cakupan ASI eksklusif tahun 2021 di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara masih di bawah target nasional yaitu sebesar 39,7% dan menempati urutan kelima paling bawah di Indonesia. Meskipun cakupan masih rendah namun beberapa ibu bekerja berhasil memberikan ASI ekskusif. Intensi yang kuat saat hamil untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif pada ibu bekerja berpengaruh pada keberhasilan praktik ASI eksklusif. Keterlibatan dalam kelompok dukungan juga mempengaruhi niat ibu sejak hamil untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif dan tidak mudah terpengaruh dengan susu formula sebagai pengganti ASI. Komunitas Peduli ASI Sulawesi Utara (KAPAS) merupakan komunitas menyusui yang didirikan sejak tahun 2016 di Manado dan memiliki anggota lebih dari 200 ibu dengan beragam latar belakang
Tujuan: untuk menggali peran kelompok dukungan pada ibu bekerja dalam memberikan ASI eksklusif
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi. Informan penelitian merupakan anggota KAPAS. Informan penelitian dipilih secara purposive dengan mempertimbangkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Kriteria inklusi mencakup ibu memiliki bayi usia 6 -24 bulan dan berhasil memberikan ASI eksklusif, ibu bekerja penuh di sektor formal, ibu bekerja dan tinggal di Manado bersama bayi. Hasil wawancara ditranskrip dan diolah menggunakan software open code
Hasil: Setelah dilakukan skrining secara online dan wawancara langsung kepada 195 Ibu, diperoleh 5 informan utama yaitu ibu bekerja dan 2 informan pendukung yaitu pengurus KAPAS. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan diperoleh hasil bahwa motivasi ibu bekerja bergabung dengan kelompok dukungan (KAPAS) adalah ingin memberikan ASI eksklusif baik pada anak pertama maupun anak kedua. Ibu ingin menggali ilmu lebih dalam agar berhasil memberikan ASI eksklusif meskipun sambil bekerja. KAPAS membuat ibu merasa percaya diri menghadapi kesulitan menyusui baik yang datang dari dalam diri ibu maupun luar ibu termasuk mitos di masyarakat. Informasi yang diberikan di grup whatsapp juga membuat ibu lebih terampil dalam manajemen ASI Perah selama bekerja. Selain itu ibu juga lebih berani berkomunikasi kepada tenaga kesehatan di rumah sakit yang kurang pro ASI tentang keinginannya memberikan ASI Eksklusif. Pendirian KAPAS bertujuan untuk mewadahi ibu di Sulawesi Utara untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang ASI dan menjadi tempat diskusi agar ibu tidak merasa sendirian menghadapi tantangan dalam menyusui
Kesimpulan: Bergabung dengan kelompok dukungan meningkatkan intensi ibu bekerja untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif sehingga ibu dapat mempersiapkan dirinya untuk menghadapi permasalahan yang muncul selama menyusui baik yang datang dari dalam maupun luar diri ibu. KAPAS memberikan kesempatan antar anggota untuk saling memberikan informasi dan dukungan bagi ibu bekerja sehingga berhasil memberikan ASI eksklusif
An industrial pathway to emerging presodiation strategies for increasing the reversible ions in sodium-ion batteries and capacitors
Authors: Mu Jian-Jia , Liu Zhao-Meng , Lai Qing-Song , Wang Da , Gao Xuan-Wen , Yang Dong-Run , Chen Hong , Luo Wen-Bin
Published: December 2022

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and capacitors (SICs) have been drawing considerable interest in recent years and are considered two of the most promising candidates for next-generation battery technologies in the energy storage industry. Therefore, it is essential to explore feasible strategies to increase the energy density and cycling lifespan of these technologies for their future commercialization. However, relatively low Coulombic efficiency severely limits the energy density of sodium-ion full cells, particularly in the initial cycle, which gradually decreases the number of recyclable ions. Presodiation techniques are regarded as effective approaches to counteract the irreversible capacity in the initial cycle and boost the energy density of SIBs and SICs. Their cyclic stability can also be enhanced by the slow release of supplemental sodium and high-content recyclable ions during cycling. In this review, a general understanding of the sodium-ion loss pathways and presodiation process towards full cells with high Coulombic efficiency is summarized. From the perspectives of safety, operability and efficiency, the merits and drawbacks of various presodiation techniques are evaluated. This review attempts to provide a fundamental understanding of presodiation principles and strategies to promote the industrial development of SIBs and SICs.
Impact of Investor Sentiment, Exchange Rates, and Foreign Capital Flow on Jakarta Islamic Index Stock Returns
Authors: Ansari Rizal , Tulasmi  , Sawitri
Published: December 2022

This study examines the impact of investor sentiment, changes in exchange rates, and foreign capital flow on the Jakarta Islamic Index's return. This study uses daily data between January 2, 2017, and December 30, 2021. After examining the characteristics of autocorrelation and stationarity, we apply the Difference-Generalized Methods of Moment (D-GMM) model. In short, we do not find the effect of investor sentiment on stock returns in both contemporaneous and lag periods. Meanwhile, significant changes in exchange rates have a negative effect on stock returns on contemporaneous and lags, but foreign portfolio flows on contemporaneous and significant lags positively affect stock returns. Thus, our results have implications for trading strategies, asset pricing, and portfolio management carried out by foreign investors on Islamic stocks in Indonesia.
Halal Cryptocurrency Model Under the Maqashid Al-Shari’ah Scheme
Authors: Fad Mohammad Farid , Imron Ali
Published: December 2022

Innovations in economic activities are developing rapidly in this digital era. One of such innovations is the emergence of cryptocurrencies as new products in digital transactions. Cryptocurrencies can be used in the form of commodities or currencies. However, some cases related to cryptocurrencies have occurred in several countries. Given this fact, it is considered necessary to have a halal cryptocurrency formulation within the maqashid al-shari’ah frame. The analysis used in the research of a halal cryptocurrency model under the maqashid al-shari’ah scheme is descriptive-analytical in nature and complies with the ushuliyyah approach. In this model, a guarantor and a supervisor from the side of the Government are essential to eliminating the potential for chaos to occur. This model pays attention to ethical compliance with maqashid al-shari’ah which also has the principles of al-tabarruat. This application of maqashid al-shari’ah will be able to provide a framework for a cryptocurrency model that is in accordance with Islamic law. This model will also generate benefits and create quality economic growth.
EAQD-PC: Learning Model to Train Students' Metacognitive Skills to Overcome Difficulties in Learning Biology
Authors: Nurmi Nurmi - , Susilo Herawati , Ibrohim Ibrohim , Suhadi Suhadi -
Published: December 2022

Biology is so complex that it has to be studied in different ways and focuses on processes. Self-regulation skills in learning are important metacognitive skills for students in studying Biology. Learning models that train strategic students in learning are a must so that they gain meaningful learning experiences through the process of exploration, analysis of new information carried out in learning by applying self-questioning strategies to monitor why new information can be trusted. The results of the synthesis between old knowledge and new knowledge are enhanced through peer coaching in class. This research was conducted to develop an EAQD-PC learning model (exploring, analyzing, questioning, defining peer coaching) and tools that are valid, practical, and effective. The model development procedure includes the preliminary research stage, the prototype stage, and the assessment stage. Model validation data was collected using expert validation instruments. While the practicality of the model components is measured by the implementation observation sheet. The effectiveness of the model was measured using a metacognitive skill test and a questionnaire. This model is applied to students majoring in Biology Education at Muhammadiyah University of Bone, even semester 2019/2020. The results showed that the components of the EAQD-PC model (a) with a value of 3.87, and valid learning model supporting tools with a value of 3.83, (b) practicality with a value of 3.89 and (c) effectiveness with a value of 3, 97 . This study proves that the EAQD-PC model is practical and effective for training students' metacognitive skills.
Several classical identities via Mellin’s transform
Authors: Boyadzhiev Khristo N.
Published: December 2022

We present a summation rule using Mellin’s transform to give short proofs of some important classical relations between special functions and Bernoulli and Euler polynomials. For example, the values of the Hurwitz zeta function at the negative integers are expressed in terms of Bernoulli polynomials. We also show identities involving exponential and Hermite polynomials.
Boletín de Noticias "Entre Patologos" de Alconpat Internacional (V4N3, 2022)
Authors:   Alconpat Internacional, Fuchs Hernández Humberto , Zozaya Ortíz Alexia Xiomara ,   Alconpat Internacional, Castro Borges Pedro ,   Alconpat Internacional
Published: December 2022

"Con este boletín, el tercero del año, cerramos un ciclo que fue rico en experiencias y donde Alconpat Internacional continuó demostrando que posee un valioso recurso humano, base fundamental para todo emprendimiento e institución. Muestra de ello es la celebración del XX aniversario de la delegación de Alconpat México con una extraordinaria demostración de organización y esfuerzo. Continuando, el apoyo de nuestra Directiva de Jóvenes y nuestra planta de Socios Colectivos con la realización del 5to Seminario Internacional de Jóvenes Alconpat/Penetron y los Senior Webinar de Alconpat/Holcim y las diversas actividades realizadas por las Alconpats Nacionales. Cerrando etapas en la formación de recursos humanos con los Talleres de Recomendaciones Técnicas de muy alto nivel y aceptación."
Improvement of Coxarthrosis Due to Realignment of Pelvic Retroversion Following Spinal Corrective Surgery
Authors: Suzuki Mayu , Takano Morito , Iida Tsuyoshi , Tsukimura Yasunori , Kaneko Hironori , Hikata Tomohiro
Published: December 2022

Case:

A 70-year-old woman presented with severe trunk deformity, gait disturbance, and bilateral hip pain. Radiography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed severe spinal kyphosis, bilateral osteoarthritis of the hip joints, and lumbar canal stenosis. A 2-stage corrective surgery for the treatment of spinal kyphosis was performed. Subsequently, the spinopelvic alignment changed remarkably. The spinal symptoms and radiographic parameters improved postoperatively, and bilateral hip pain and range of motion also showed improvement.

Conclusion:

Corrective surgery for the treatment of degenerative spinal kyphosis affected the spinopelvic alignment, and the symptoms of simultaneous coxarthrosis also improved after the corrective surgery.
Lista de chequeo de las plantas útiles de la cuenca del río Claro (Antioquia, Colombia)
Authors: Torres-Morales German , Nova Laura Johanna , Cogollo Álvaro
Published: December 2022

La cuenca del río Claro en Antioquia, Colombia, es una región con gran importancia biológica, dado que alberga ecosistemas singulares, y una gran diversidad de especies de plantas, las cuales tienen un gran potencial de uso para las comunidades de la región. No obstante, hasta la fecha no se ha realizado una lista de las plantas útiles para la cuenca y este conocimiento aún permanece disperso. A fin de compilar, catalogar y dar a conocer este conocimiento, se construyó un listado de las especies nativas con el reporte de usos en información secundaria y primaria, con lo cual se generó un insumo de conocimiento que permita orientar esfuerzos de investigación y uso sostenible de la biodiversidad. Con este propósito, se consultaron fuentes tales como herbarios en los que reposan especímenes debidamente preservados y referencias de literatura especializada. Asimismo, se realizaron talleres con las comunidades para indagar sobre los usos locales, y posteriormente se categorizaron los tipos de uso. Se registraron 650 especies de la cuenca del río Claro con usos reportados en literatura, de las cuales 31 son endémicas de Colombia. En cuanto a los usos locales, se registraron 58 especies.
Interacciones murciélago-flor en el Bosque Seco Tropical del Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Carvajal Nieto Pamela , Medina Benavides Sara , Bernal-Rivera Andrea , Calvache-Sánchez Cristian , Velásquez-Roa Tatiana
Published: December 2022

El Bosque seco Tropical (BsT) del Valle del Cauca está sometido a fuertes presiones, sin embargo, es un ecosistema en el que se generan procesos importantes para la conservación de la diversidad biológica, mantenimiento de estructura y función de los ecosistemas, producción de alimentos y economía, como la polinización. Entre los polinizadores destacan los murciélagos, cuyas relaciones han sido poco estudiadas en este contexto, por lo tanto, se buscó identificar las interacciones entre plantas y murciélagos con alto consumo de néctar en diez remanentes de BsT del departamento. Para esto se realizaron capturas de quirópteros nectarívoros-polinívoros y la toma de cargas polínicas en pelaje y heces. Se encontraron seis especies de murciélagos y 77 especies vegetales en interacción, las cuales formaron una red de topología modular, con dos especies animales generalistas que representaron casi el 80 % de las interacciones. El modelamiento de robustez de la red frente a la perdida de especies (extinciones secundarias) indicó que fue robusto a la pérdida de especies especialistas, pero demostró fragilidad a la eliminación de los nodos generalistas, principalmente para murciélagos. Es necesario implementar estrategias de conservación para el BsT que consideren especies de murciélagos polinizadores y plantas nativas que contribuyen al mantenimiento del ecosistema y de los servicios ecosistémicos derivados.
From Screenwriting to Space-Writing
Authors: Reyes María Cecilia
Published: December 2022

In the past ten years, audiovisual creators have been working on the development of narrative experiences for extended reality (XR) technologies, especially virtual reality (VR). The evolution of this practice has led to the creation of a technical language and processes. The transfer of knowledge from cinematography and videography has been the basis for the creative practice of “immersive narratives,” very often carrying with it jargon and practices that do not fit entirely with XR’s spatial nature. In this essay, I ref lect on whether we are still writing for a screen or writing for space from a practitioner’s perspective. Such a change of perspective starts with the recognition of the perceptual sphere and how to compose scenes in it. In this regard, a review of storyboarding for VR, followed by my own experience in creating an interactive VR movie, allowed me to ref lect on the concept of framing, camera positions, and authorial intentions. Finally, I argue that we can move from screenwriting to space-writing in relation to the technologies and immersive power of XR.
The Hidden Architecture of CinemaScope Set Design
Authors: Deutelbaum Marshall
Published: December 2022

Almost seventy years after the popular success of the CinemaScope film, The Robe, inaugurated the widescreen era, there remains little critical understanding of the design logic of wide format films. Drawing on the evidence gained from an examination of nearly two hundred CinemaScope films, this essay focuses on the earliest of CinemaScope films, How to Marry a Millionaire (completed before The Robe but released after it), to offer a radical re-thinking of how set design is the key to widescreen aesthetics. The essay illustrates how, from the very beginning of CinemaScope production, a pair of grids were used to determine the composition of the frame and placement of actors within it, jobs that were normally ascribed to the director. Thus, far from being mere background, the grid-defined film sets add to the general sense of heightened interconnectedness that, like narrative and plot, satisfy a viewer’s desire for order and coherence.
Kōji Wakamatsu: Alienation and the Womb
Authors: Crispim Pedro
Published: December 2022

This essay intends to analyse four feature films from Japanese filmmaker Kōji Wakamatsu: The Embryo Hunts in Secret (1966), Violated Angels (1967), Go, Go Second Time Virgin (1969) and Violent Virgin (1969). Besides its narrative simplicity bordering on appalling eroticism, this informal tetralogy shares a particular design and spatial trademark: all four films are set in a single, tight, claustrophobic space. By resorting to Wakamatsu’s poetics of cruelty, political criticism and his use of sexuality as social commentary, I intend to inquire into the actual nature of his tetralogy’s use of filmic space in three particular dimensions: firstly, through an understanding of postwar Japan—especially the 1960s—, which contextualises Wakamatsu’s blossoming career in pink films during chaotic times; secondly, through individual analysis of each film, underscoring common denominators like their use of horrific sexual violence, themes of pseudo-revolution that degenerate in alienation, and Brechtian stylistic flourishes: all emerging from these films’ spatial dramatic unity, its chamber-like enclosure which recurrently resonates with metaphorical designs of the “womb;” and thirdly, by the tetralogy’s—and Wakamatsu’s other work from this period—ability to conceptually predict the ultimate paroxysm of its sociopolitical context, when revolution, sexuality, and death came together in Yukio Mishima’s bizarre suicide in 1970. Hence, Wakamatsu’s use of womb-like design of space in his informal tetralogy acts as a nihilistic, feverish cinematic rendering of all those major Japanese aff lictions that, climaxing in Mishima’s attempted coup, ultimately put an end to the social turmoil of 1960s Japan, and paved the way for the social transformation that steered the country in a mostly steady, conservative way from the mid-twentieth century onwards.
Possibilities of Using of Surface and Subsurface Waves’ Amplitude-Angle Characteristics for Control of Materials with Surface-Hardened Inhomogeneous Layer
Authors: Baev A. R. , Asadchaya M. V. , Mayorov A. I. , Sergeeva O. S. , Delenkovsky N. V.
Published: December 2022

Improving the efficiency of ultrasonic control of hardened surface layers of metal products with a heterogeneous structure obtained using different technologies is a pressing problem of industrial production. The purpose of this work was to investigate the possibilities of measuring the depth of the surface inhomogeneous layer of steel objects on the basis of the use of amplitude and amplitude-angle characteristics of surface and subsurface transverse waves.

The analysis of ultrasonic methods of control of physical and mechanical properties of metals by using surface and subsurface waves and experimentally investigated amplitude-angular characteristics of surface waves, the maximum angle of which increases by 3° at change of dimensionless layer depth hλ from zero to

0.82. For the first time, the ratio of normalized amplitudes of surface waves taken at certain angles on the

amplitude-angle characteristic curve obtained in the echo mode was proposed to be used as correlating parameters with the depth of the hardened layer. As a result of this research, the possibility of using a phased array transducers to solve the above problems.

The effect of the hardened layer depth varying from zero to five in the working frequency range of 1.8– 10 MHz on the peculiarities of the refraction effect (including interference) and dependence of the subsurface wave amplitude on the acoustic base has been studied, making it possible to establish conditions that provide for the determination of the hardened layer depth.

Circuit solutions have been offered in order to increase the efficiency of control of properties of the surface layers of metal articles on the basis of utilization of small-aperture transducers and ultrasonic reflectors making it possible to form fields of surface waves of different directional pattern.
Monte Carlo Simulation of Flash Memory Elements’ Electrophysical Parameters
Authors: Zhevnyak O. G. , Borzdov V. M. , Borzdov A. V. , Petlitsky A. N.
Published: December 2022

Operation of modern flash memory elements is based on electron transport processes in the channel of silicon MOSFETs with floating gate. The aim of this work was calculation of electron mobility and study of the influence of phonon and ionized impurity scattering mechanisms on the mobility, as well as calculation of parasitic tunneling current and channel current in the conductive channel of flash memory element. Numerical simulation during the design stage of flash memory element allows working out guidelines for optimization of device parameters defining its performance and reliability.

In the work such electrophysical parameters, characterizing electron transport, as mobility and average electron energy, as well as tunneling current and current in the channel of the flash memory element are studied via the numerical simulation by means of Monte Carlo method. Influence of phonon and ionized impurity scattering processes on electron mobility in the channel has been analyzed. It is shown that in the vicinity of drain region a sufficient decrease of electron mobility defined by phonon scattering processes occurs and the growth of parasitic tunneling current is observed which have a negative influence on device characteristics.

The developed simulation program may be used in computer-aided design of flash memory elements for the purpose of their structure optimization and improvement of their electrical characteristics.
O Projeto Nós Propomos! no Estado de São Paulo/Brasil: Educação para a vida através da promoção da cidadania
Authors: Filho Odair , Coelho Lastória Andrea , Claudino Sérgio
Published: December 2022

Este texto reflete sobre os desafios do Projeto Nós Propomos! no ensino de Geografia e na formação cidadã no estado de São Paulo/Brasil, sob a ótica de cinco professores participantes. A pesquisa foi realizada no quadro de uma investigação mais ampliada do programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras da Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil (FFCLRP/USP). A metodologia foi qualitativo. Realizaram-se entrevistas estruturadas a cinco professores do Projeto de quatro municípios. A primeira parte do texto é uma introdução à pesquisa e sua metodologia. A segunda, é de discussão sobre a importância da cidadania na educação geográfica e no ensino. Na terceira parte, aborda-se a implantação e desenvolvimento do projeto no estado de São Paulo. Na quarta parte, faz-se a análise das entrevistas, tendo como referência a categoria “o projeto e a formação cidadã”. Na última parte, comentam-se os resultados. O Projeto Nós Propomos! promove nos alunos competências de interpretação e de intervenção na sua realidade local, para a resolução dos seus problemas socioambientais. O coletivo, a comunidade, constituem o ponto de partida deste projeto de cidadania territorial.
La Educación Geográfica ante el enfoque ecosocial: el interés didáctico de los espacios naturales periurbanos
Authors: Cuevas Díaz Víctor , Serrano de la Cruz Santos-Olmo Manuel Antonio
Published: December 2022

Esta contribución explora, en el marco de los espacios naturales periurbanos entendidos como áreas multifuncionales de notorio interés didáctico, la trascendencia de las relaciones teórico-conceptuales entre la geografía y la educación ambiental y su avance hacia enfoques ecosociales. Se diserta sobre la función educativa de estos espacios considerando sus complejas relaciones territoriales, la diversidad de contenidos que encierra y las estrechas conexiones que facilita entre las sociedades urbanas y sus usos recreativos, potencialmente vinculables a procesos educativos de naturaleza ambiental y ecosocial. El trabajo se articula en dos partes, una teórica y otra aplicada en Castilla-La Mancha con el Parque Forestal de La Atalaya en Ciudad Real como ejemplo, que son abordadas desde un método bibliográfico expositivo dominante complementado por investigación documental en fuentes locales y trabajos de campo. Los resultados muestran que la educación geográfica favorece un reforzamiento mutuo con la educación ambiental y un reto por la introducción de planteamientos de corte ecosocial, que encuentra en los espacios naturales periurbanos un puente desde el que poder atender relaciones espaciales, ambientales y sociales en el entorno local, aun no suficientemente atendidas.
Broad One Health Endectocide-based Malaria Intervention in Africa. A Phase III cluster-randomized, open-label, clinical trial to study the safety and efficacy of ivermectin mass drug administration to reduce malaria transmission in two African settings
Authors: Chaccour Carlos , Casellas Aina , Hammann Felix , Ruiz-Castillo Paula , Richardson Mary-Ann , Rabinovich N. Regina
Published: December 2022

Background: Residual malaria transmission is the result of adaptive mosquito behavior that allows malaria vectors to thrive and sustain transmission in the presence of good access to bed nets or insecticide residual spraying. These behaviors include crepuscular and outdoor feeding as well as intermittent feeding upon livestock. Ivermectin is a broadly used antiparasitic drug that kills mosquitoes feeding on a treated subject for a dose-dependent period. Mass drug administration with ivermectin has been proposed as a complementary strategy to reduce malaria transmission.
Methods: A cluster randomized, parallel arm, superiority trial conducted in two settings with distinct eco-epidemiological conditions in East and Southern Africa. There will be three groups, human intervention, consisting of a dose of ivermectin (400 mcg/kg) administered monthly for three months to all the eligible population in the cluster (>15 kg, non-pregnant and no medical contraindication), human and livestock intervention, consisting human treatment as above plus treatment of livestock in the area with a single dose of injectable ivermectin (200 mcg/kg) monthly for three months, and controls, consisting of a dose of albendazole (400 mg) monthly for three months. The main outcome measure will be malaria incidence in a cohort of children under five living in the core of each cluster followed prospectively with monthly RDTs
Discussion: The second site for the implementation of this protocol has changed from Tanzania to Kenya. For simplicity, this summary presents the Mozambique-specific protocol. BOHEMIA will be the first large-scale trial evaluating the impact of ivermectin-only mass drug administration to humans or humans and cattle on local malaria transmission
Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04966702, Date of registration: July 19, 2021 URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04966702
The Caenorhabditis elegans Shugoshin regulates TAC-1 in cilia
Authors: Reed R. , Park K. , Waddell B. , Timbers T. , Li C. , Baxi K. , Giacomin R. M. , Leroux M. R. , Carvalho C. E.
Published: December 2022

The conserved Shugoshin (SGO) protein family has essential roles in mediating proper chromosome segregation from yeast to humans. SGO proteins have been implicated in diverse roles in and out of the nucleus; SGO activity inhibits incorrect spindle attachment in the kinetochore, regulates the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), and ensures centriole cohesion in the centrosome. These functions involve different microtubule scaffolding structures in the cell. In Caenorhabditis elegans, a species with holocentric chromosomes, SGO-1 is not required for cohesin protection or spindle attachment but appears important for licensing meiotic recombination. Here we provide the first functional evidence that in C. elegans, Shugoshin functions in yet another microtubule-based structure, the primary cilium. We identify the centrosomal and microtubule-regulating transforming acidic coiled-coil protein, TACC/TAC-1, which also localizes to the basal body, as a SGO-1 binding protein. Genetic analyses indicate that TAC-1 activity must be maintained below a threshold at the ciliary base for correct cilia function, and that SGO-1 likely participates in constraining TAC-1 to the basal body by influencing the function of the transition zone ‘ciliary gate’. This research expands our understanding of cellular functions of Shugoshin proteins and contributes to the growing examples of overlap between kinetochore, centrosome and cilia proteomes.
Emergenet: Fast Scalable Pandemic Risk Assessment of Influenza A Strains Circulating In Non-human Hosts
Authors: Chattopadhyay Ishanu , Wu Kevin , Li Jin , Esser-Kahn Aaron
Published: December 2022

Animal influenza viruses emerging into humans have triggered devastating pandemics in the past1–4. Yet, our ability to evaluate the pandemic potential of individual strains that do not yet circulate in humans, remains limited. In this study we introduce the Emergenet, to computationally learn how new variants emerge, shaped by evolutionary constraints using only observed genomic sequences of key viral proteins. Analyzing 187; 294 Haemagglutinnin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA) sequences from public databases, we estimate the likelihood of specific future mutations, and the numerical odds of specific descendants arising via natural processes. After validating our model to forecast the dominant strain(s) for seasonal flu, with Emergenet-based forecasts significantly outperforming WHO recommendations almost consistently over the past two decades for H1N1/H3N2 subtypes, individually in the Northern/Southern hemispheres (average match-improvement 32:25% over two decades, 69:07% over the last decade, and 81:13% over the pre-COVID-19 five year period for H1N1 HA), we assess the pandemic potential of animal strains not yet known to transmit in humans. While the state-of-the-art Influenza Risk Assessment Tool (IRAT) from the CDC to assess such risk includes time-consuming experimental assays, our calculations take ≈ 6sec=strain, yet strongly correlating with published IRAT scores (correlation: 0:703, p-value: 0:00026). This six orders of magnitude speedup is necessary to exploit current surveillance capacity, and analyze thousands of strains collected annually. Considering 6; 066 wild Influenza A animal viruses sequenced post-2020, we identify risky strains of diverse subtypes, hosts and geo-locations, with six having estimated emergence scores > 6:5. Such scalable risk-ranking can enable preemptive pandemic mitigation, including the targeted inoculation of animal hosts before the first human infection, and outline new public health measures that are potentially effective notwithstanding possible vaccine hesitancy in humans.
Production & Supply of Medical Oxygen: Kerala Model of Pandemic (Covid-19) Management
Authors: Kodavandi Shefeequ Rehman
Published: December 2022

The second wave of COVID-19 severely hit the country, India. Many hospitals, across the country, faced acute shortage of medical oxygen. However, a small state in southern part of India, the State of Kerala, has been highly successful in managing production & supply of medical oxygen. In spite of highest daily confirmed COVID-19 cases & escalated demand for medical oxygen, the State efficiently managed to have sufficient medical oxygen to meet its own demand and supplied excess to needy neighbouring States (Goa, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu). The author tries to identify success factors that having a key role in uninterrupted production & supply of medical oxygen to meet unprecedented increase in demand across the State of Kerala during the pandemic (COVID-19). The study involved a detailed analysis of secondary data. The data was collected from various (offline & online) platforms such as newspapers, news portals, reports, websites etc. The early preparedness, visionary investments (for infrastructure development), effectual monitoring (of production, supply & consumption of medical oxygen), effective communication (among all stakeholders) and continuous coordinated collective efforts (of Oxygen Production Units, the PESO Kerala, the Hospitals, the State Health Department and, the State Government) are the key success factors. The State has been highly successful in managing production & supply of medical oxygen, across the state, during uncertain time of COVID-19 and thus, stood as an exemplary for rest of the country.
Dynamical Analysis of a Damped Harmonic Forced Duffing Oscillator with Time Delay
Authors: Moatimid Galal M. , Amer T. S. , Amer W. S.
Published: December 2022

This paper is concerned with a time-delayed controller of a damped nonlinear excited Duffing oscillator (DO). Since time-delayed techniques have recently been the focus of numerous studies, the topic of this investigation is quite contemporary. Therefore, time delays of position and velocity are utilized to reduce the nonlinear oscillation of the model under consideration. A much supplementary precise approximate solution is achieved using an advanced Homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The temporal variation of this solution is graphed for different amounts of the employed factors. The organization of the model is verified through a comparison between the plots of the estimated solution and the numerical one which is obtained utilizing the fourth order Runge-Kutta technique (RK4). The outcomes show that the improved HPM is appropriate for a variety of damped nonlinear oscillators since it minimizes the error of the solution while increasing the validation variety. Furthermore, it presents a potential model that deals with a diversity of nonlinear problems. The multiple scales homotopy technique is used to achieve an estimated formula for the suggested time-delayed structure. The controlling nonlinear algebraic equation for the amplitude oscillation at the steady state is gained. The effectiveness of the proposed controller, the time delays impact, controller gains, and feedback gains have been investigated. The realized outcomes show that the controller performance is influenced by the total of the product of the control and feedback gains, in addition to the time delays in the control loop. The analytical and numerical calculations reveal that for certain amounts of the control and feedback signal improvement, the suggested controller could completely reduce the system vibrations.
Discovery of novel CSF biomarkers to predict progression in dementia using machine learning
Authors: Gogishvili Dea , Vromen Ellen , Koppes Sascha , Lemstra Afina W , Pijnenburg Yolande , Visser Pieter Jelle , Tijms Betty N , Campo Marta del , Initiative The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging , Abeln Sanne , Teunissen Charlotte E , Vermunt Lisa
Published: December 2022

Providing an accurate prognosis for individual dementia patients remains a challenge since they greatly differ in rates of cognitive decline. In this study, we used machine learning techniques to identify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers that predict the rate of cognitive decline. First, longitudinal follow-up data of 210 dementia patients were used to create fast and slow progression groups. Secondly, we trained random forest classifiers on CSF proteomic profiles and obtained a well-performing prediction model for the progression group (ROC-AUC = 0.82). As a third step, Shapley values and Gini feature importance measures were used to interpret the model performance and identify top biomarker candidates. Lastly, we explored the progression biomarker potential for each of the 20 top candidates in internal sensitivity analyses. TNFRSF4 and TGF β-1 emerged as the top markers, being lower in fast-progressing patients compared to slow-progressing patients. Proteins of which a low concentration was associated with fast progression were enriched for cell signalling and immune response pathways, which could indicate a lack of a protective response in these individuals. None of our top markers stood out as strong individual predictors of subsequent cognitive decline. This could be explained by small effect sizes per protein and biological heterogeneity among dementia patients. Taken together, this study presents a novel progression biomarker identification framework and protein leads for personalised prediction of cognitive decline in dementia.
Assessment of the perception of vertical subjectivity in children born preterm
Authors: Riera-Tur Laura , Lubián-Gutiérrez Manuel , Benavente-Fernández Isabel , Lubián-López Simón , Martín-Mateos Antonio J. , Lechuga-Sancho Alfonso M.
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Children born preterm have increased rates of paediatric mortality and morbidity. Prematurity has been associated with impaired visual perception and visuo-motor integration. The aim of this study was to compare Subjective Visual Vertical Test (SVV) scores in children born preterm compared to children born at term at ages between 7 and 10.
Methods
110 children of 7 to 10 years of age were studied using a mobile application on a smartphone attached to a wall by means of a rotating plate. The SVV test was compared between two groups: a group of 55 children born under 32 weeks of gestational age and another group of 55 children born at term. The SVV results were analysed for comparison with respect to prematurity, sex and age.
Results
We found no significant differences in the SVV study in the comparison between preterm and term children. No significant differences were observed either, regarding sex or age between 7–10 years.
Conclusions
We found no alterations in the perception of vertical subjectivity in children between 7 and 10 years of age, with antecedents of very preterm birth, in accordance with studies performed by posturography.
Regionally high risk increase for precipitation extreme events under global warming
Authors: Martinez-Villalobos Cristian , Neelin J. David
Published: December 2022

Daily precipitation extremes are projected to intensify with increasing moisture under global warming following the Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) relationship at about 7%/oC. However, this increase is not spatially homogeneous. Projections in individual models exhibit regions with substantially larger increases than expected from the CC scaling. Here, we leverage theory and observations of the form of the precipitation probability distribution to substantially improve intermodel agreement in the medium to high precipitation intensity regime, and to interpret projected changes in frequency in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Besides particular regions where models consistently display super-CC behavior, we find substantial occurrence of super-CC behavior within a given latitude band when the multi-model average does not require that the models agree point-wise on location within that band. About 13% of the globe and almost 25% of the tropics (30% for tropical land) display increases exceeding 2CC. Over 40% of tropical land points exceed 1.5CC. Risk-ratio analysis shows that even small increases above CC scaling can have disproportionately large effects in the frequency of the most extreme events. Risk due to regional enhancement of precipitation scale increase by dynamical effects must thus be included in vulnerability assessment even if locations are imprecise.
Semi-waves and spreading speeds of stage-structured diffusive competition model with a free boundary
Authors: Tang Yaobin , Dai Binxiang
Published: December 2022

A stage-structured diffusive competition model with a free boundary is considered. The main aim of this paper is to study the evolution of the mature invasive species with competitive ability, and determine whether it disrupts the stable ecosystem provided by native species. According to the long-time behaviors under the case of weak-strong competition, strong-weak competition and weak competition, we obtain respectively the exact asymptotic spreading speed by delay-induced semi-wave problems if the spreading of invasive species occurs. And we demonstrate that, as the moving coefficient goes to infinite, the corresponding Cauchy problem can be viewed as the limiting profile of model and the asymptotic spreading speed approaches the minimal speed of the corresponding traveling wavefront solutions. Moreover, under strong-weak competition situation, the asymptotic spreading speed of invasive species is decreasing with respect to the maturation time.
Mathematics Subject Classification 35K57, 35R35, 35B40, 92D25
Xgression The Dynamic and Explainable Regression/Classification Solution
Authors: Chinnakornsakul Thaphon , Chinnakornsakul Thaphon
Published: December 2022

Xgression is the solution to find relationships between data to an equation by constructing computational tree that represent the steps of calculation from inputs to an output of algorithm then modify the tree with various operator to find the optimal solution. As the result Xgression can perform many forms of regression without setting initial equations or parameters