bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estilos de aprendizagem e ambientes de confiança: um estudo das participações contributivas de alunos do mestrado
Authors: Fernandes Cristiano Rodrigues , Binotto Erlaine , Da Silva Heloiza Cristina Holgado
Published: October 2015

O processo de ensino-aprendizagem deve ser aquele que tem o envolvimento e a participação de todos, objetivando as discussões que possam tornar os debates mais produtivos. Nesse ponto, um ambiente de confiança pode influenciar significativamente. Assim este artigo pretende investigar se há relação entre os Estilos de Aprendizagem e o ambiente de confiança para contribuições em aula no programa de mestrado em agronegócios. A investigação foi realizada por meio de um estudo de caso único exploratório-descritivo. A coleta de dados foi efetuada por intermédio de questionário que avaliou a confiança e as condições mais favoráveis a contribuições durante a aula e pelo Índice de Estilos de Aprendizagem. Os resultados indicaram, que a multidisciplinaridade dos candidatos selecionados para o programa, exerce pouca influência para maiores contribuições, o elo de confiança entre os alunos e o comportamento do docente são os elementos que mais determinam as contribuições.
Managing Price Promotions Within a Product Line
Authors: Sinitsyn Maxim
Published: October 2015

In this paper, I investigate the question of how a firm producing substitutes should coordinate price promotions of these products. I model price competition between two firms, each producing two products that are horizontally differentiated with respect to some characteristic. Consumers are divided into loyals, who always purchase their preferred product, and switchers, who have heterogeneous preferences for the four products. If consumers substitute easily between the products produced by one firm, the firms promote one product at a time to avoid cannibalization. If consumers mainly substitute between the products with the same characteristic, the firms often employ joint promotions with at least one product at a deep discount. If, at the same time, consumers easily substitute to the products in other categories, the firms use joint promotions less often and avoid simultaneous deep discounts.

Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2015.0938 .
Optimal Wave Release Times for Order Fulfillment Systems with Deadlines
Authors: Çeven Erdem , Gue Kevin R.
Published: October 2015

Service performance of an order fulfillment system is mainly determined by how quickly and accurately it fills customer orders. A higher service level can be offered with a later cutoff time, before which customers are assured of receiving their orders. However, the desire to offer a later cutoff time must be tempered by the need to provide service at low cost, which means taking advantage of economies of scale in picking operations. To strike this balance, many distribution centers release orders in large batches called waves. We develop analytical models to determine the timing and the number of order waves for fulfillment systems that operate against a daily deadline. In a case study, we apply our theoretical models to data from a large distribution center and show that optimal wave releases could significantly improve on time shipments compared to an intuitive method.
Effectively arguing the need for your project
Authors: Ellery John
Published: October 2015

When looking to secure funding for your school, a key challenge is successfully arguing a need for your project and deciding who should lead your grant fundraising efforts.
Postoperative pain management
Authors: Stasiowska Maria K , Ng Su Cheen , Gubbay Anthony N , Cregg Roman
Published: October 2015

This article provides an overview of current methods used in acute pain management and explains why effective analgesia is crucial in the early postoperative period. It describes the pharmacology of both common and specialist analgesics, as well as explaining the role and uses of regional and neuraxial analgesia, for the non-anaesthetist.
A Systematic Approach to Subgroup Classification in Intellectual Disability
Authors: Schalock Robert L. , Luckasson Ruth
Published: October 2015

This article describes a systematic approach to subgroup classification based on a classification framework and sequential steps involved in the subgrouping process. The sequential steps are stating the purpose of the classification, identifying the classification elements, using relevant information, and using clearly stated and purposeful subgroup classification terms. This systematic approach reflects current changes in the field of intellectual disability (ID), the modern and social understanding of ID, and the multiple purposes for classification.
TNF-α modulation by natural bioactive molecules in mouse RAW 264.7 macrophage cells
Authors: Nayak Bichitra N. , Kaur Ginpreet , Buttar Harpal S.
Published: October 2015

Background: The present study was designed to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of plant-derived products marketed for human health benefits.

Methods: The tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α) was used as a proinflammatory biomarker generated by mouse macrophage RAW 264.6 cells. The in vitro tested plant products include Saskatoon berry (SKB), quercetin, purified oat beta-glucan (OBG), curcumin, and turmeric. Quantification of TNF-α in cell culture supernatants was carried out using mouse TNF-α assay kit and the cell proliferation was determined by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The cells were grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum and 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 µg/mL streptomycin. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 500 ng/mL was employed to stimulate the TNF-α production in mouse macrophage cells.

Results: Results showed that curcumin at 10 µM (3.7 µg/mL) level effectively attenuated the LPS-induced inflammatory response, and at 100 µM completely inhibited macrophage RAW cell growth (p<0.05). The aqueous turmeric extract caused inhibitory effect on TNF-α at 25, 50, 100, and 500 µg/mL. SKB inhibited TNF-α production at 50, 100, 500, and 1,000 µg/mL. On the other hand, at 10, 25, 500, and 1,000 µg/mL SKB promoted significant cell growth/proliferation. Quercetin at 10, 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL inhibited TNF-α, but at 500 and 1,000 µg/mL stimulated cell growth. OBG at 10, 25, and 50 µg/mL inhibited TNF-α, but in some cases OBG stimulated TNF-α At 1,000 and 10,000 µg/mL OBG proved to be extremely toxic or lethal to the macrophage cells.

Conclusions: Overall, the plant products showed anti-inflammatory effects as well as cell proliferation or inhibition in the in vitro system used in this investigation. The underlying mechanisms of dualistic actions caused by plant-derived ingredients, viz., macrophage cellular growth stimulation or retardation, remain to be elucidated.
Hourly and daily variability in nitrogen and phosphorus in a lake restored by the hypolimnetic withdrawal method
Authors: Sieńska Justyna , Dunalska Julita A. , Szymański Daniel
Published: October 2015

An excess of nitrogen and phosphorus causes an increase in productivity, leading to degradation of a water reservoir. In order to reduce the eutrophication, protective and restoration methods are used. The objective of the paper was to determine the hourly and daily variability in nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in a lake restored by the hypolimnetic withdrawal method. In the epilimnion, the organic form dominates: 97% of Ptot and 75% of Ntot. Hourly variations in the concentration of the investigated compounds indicate that the highest values occurred at night and in the morning, whereas lower measurements were recorded at noon and in the evening. Such a distribution of the concentrations of nutrients during a day is strongly associated with photosynthesis. Along with depth, the proportion of this form decreased in favor of mineral forms. A high content of mineral phosphorus (70%) and ammonium ions (75%) in the hypolimnion results from their release from bottom sediments under anaerobic conditions. As a result of the generated thermocline, they are blocked and accumulated. At the experimental station, the concentration of mineral compounds was at a lower level than at the reference station since their amount was systematically reduced by the outflow of over-fertilized waters from the hypolimnion.
Performance Evaluation of International Container Ports in Taiwan and Neighborhood Area by Weakness and Strength Indices of FMCDM
Authors: Wang Yu-Jie
Published: October 2015

International trade for economic development is one of important articles in many countries. Additionally, intermodal transportation and global logistics in international trade are essential practices, and the important connection between the two is international container ports. For Taiwan and neighboring areas, the cargo loadings of intermodal transportation and global logistics have increased now, and thus international container ports with high performance are critical. In this paper, we evaluated performance of 12 international container ports including Hong Kong, Shanghai, Kaohsiung, Shenzhen, Singapore, Tokyo, Pusan, Klang, Manila, Laem Chabang, Oingdao, and Tanjung Priok in Taiwan and neighboring areas on 13 criteria: tug boat operation, untwisting rope operation, pilot operation, stevedoring efficiency, low damage rate for goods, awaiting unloading, working and service flexibility, application service process, service personnel ability, service personnel attitude, advisory services, harbor rates and stevedoring rates by fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making(FMCDM) with weakness, and strength indices. Through the FMCDM, we effectively and efficiently evaluated the performance problem of the 12 international container ports in Taiwan and neighboring areas.
Adapting Debussy
Authors: Cochran Timothy B.
Published: October 2015

Debussy disapproved of Nijinsky's 1912 choreography for Prélude à “L'Après-midi d'un faune,” perceiving dissonance between his fluid melodies and Nijinsky's angular, two-dimensional poses. Because of the patent differences between the music and choreography, commentary on the work has focused primarily on what makes the ballet and music distinct instead of how the ballet might transform our reading of the music; but the Faune ballet is best identified as an adaptation of Debussy's music in which the music is made to tell Nijinsky's version of Debussy's story. As an adaptation, Nijinsky's ballet creates a context that affords a fresh encounter with Debussy's work in a different medium, resetting our understanding, making new interpretations possible, and thus continuing the music's narrative legacy by varying its appearance.

Nijinsky's notation of the dance reflects his novel conception of corporeal movement for the ballet, in which the planes of the body are dislocated from traditional organic formations in order to face constantly outward and to move in grooves along the stage. The dominating imagery of dislocation resonates with the polymetric climax in the B section of Debussy's work, which treats the orchestra like a body in pluralistic motion as it establishes a newly eclectic order of movement. Nijinsky's scenario provides a narrative framework to explain the implications of the polymetric event for the subsequent musical plot. The physicality of Debussy's work, which is also highlighted in Ravel's piano transcription, comes to the foreground of the ballet at a moment of crisis: in Nijinsky's story, the B section contains the only touch between faun and nymph as well as their tragic separation, which leads to the faun's emotional instability. This context renders Debussy's polymetric climax a symbol of both fulfillment and loss that affects the return of A-section material, where the flute theme splits into conflicting expressive characters that mirror the faun's emotional vacillation. Undergirding these dissociated themes is a subtle polymeter, which remains as a symptom of the tragic climax.
Combinatory Ways of Coining Euphemisms
Authors: Velykoroda V.
Published: October 2015

The article analyses the most productive combinatory ways of coining euphemisms in theEnglish language. The provided models are illustrated with numerous examples, and the findingssuggest that combinatory ways of word formation are characteristic of 20.5% of all euphemisms.
The Feminine Tradition in English Fiction
Authors: Smochin O.
Published: October 2015

This article on feminine tradition and linguistic approaches to gender in literaturedemonstrates the utility for students of gender in society at large to investigate the uses to whichgender may be put in the carefully planned discourse of fiction. It reveals not what native speakersnaturally do, but what they are able to understand and the inventions and models that influencetheir understanding
Outpatient Visits and Medication Prescribing for US Children With Mental Health Conditions
Authors: Anderson L. Elizabeth , Chen Minghua L. , Perrin James M. , Van Cleave Jeanne
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the mental health care US children receive from primary care providers (PCPs) and other mental health care providers.

METHODS:

Using nationally representative data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) from 2008 to 2011, we determined whether children and youth aged 2 to 21 years with outpatient visits for mental health problems in the past year saw PCPs, psychiatrists, and/or psychologists/social workers for these conditions. We compared the proportion of children prescribed psychotropic medications by provider type. Using logistic regression, we examined associations of provider type seen and medication prescribing with race/ethnicity, household income, insurance status, geographical area, and language at home.

RESULTS:

One-third (34.8%) of children receiving outpatient care for mental health conditions saw PCPs only, 26.2% saw psychiatrists only, and 15.2% saw psychologists/social workers only. Nearly a quarter (23.8%) of children saw multiple providers. A greater proportion of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) versus children with anxiety/mood disorders saw a PCP only (41.8% vs 17.2%). PCPs prescribed medications to a higher percentage of children than did psychiatrists. Children seeing a PCP for ADHD were more likely to receive stimulants or α-agonists than children with ADHD seeing psychiatrists (73.7% vs 61.4%). We found only limited associations of sociodemographic characteristics with provider type or medication use.

CONCLUSIONS:

PCPs appear to be sole physician managers for care of 4 in 10 US children with ADHD, and one-third with mental health conditions overall. Efforts supporting mental health in primary care will reach a substantial portion of children receiving mental health services.
Complications of Central Venous Access Devices: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ullman Amanda J. , Marsh Nicole , Mihala Gabor , Cooke Marie , Rickard Claire M.
Published: October 2015

CONTEXT:

The failure and complications of central venous access devices (CVADs) result in interrupted medical treatment, morbidity, and mortality for the patient. The resulting insertion of a new CVAD further contributes to risk and consumes extra resources.

OBJECTIVE:

To systematically review existing evidence of the incidence of CVAD failure and complications across CVAD types within pediatrics.

DATA SOURCES:

Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health databases were systematically searched up to January 2015.

STUDY SELECTION:

Included studies were of cohort design and examined the incidence of CVAD failure and complications across CVAD type in pediatrics within the last 10 years. CVAD failure was defined as CVAD loss of function before the completion of necessary treatment, and complications were defined as CVAD-associated bloodstream infection, CVAD local infection, dislodgement, occlusion, thrombosis, and breakage.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Data were independently extracted and critiqued for quality by 2 authors.

RESULTS:

Seventy-four cohort studies met the inclusion criteria, with mixed quality of reporting and methods. Overall, 25% of CVADs failed before completion of therapy (95% confidence interval [CI] 20.9%–29.2%) at a rate of 1.97 per 1000 catheter days (95% CI 1.71–2.23). The failure per CVAD device was highest proportionally in hemodialysis catheters (46.4% [95% CI 29.6%–63.6%]) and per 1000 catheter days in umbilical catheters (28.6 per 1000 catheter days [95% CI 17.4–39.8]). Totally implanted devices had the lowest rate of failure per 1000 catheter days (0.15 [95% CI 0.09–0.20]).

LIMITATIONS:

The inclusion of nonrandomized and noncomparator studies may have affected the robustness of the research.

CONCLUSIONS:

CVAD failure and complications in pediatrics are a significant burden on the health care system internationally.
Long-term Effects of Pediatric Burns on the Circulatory System
Authors: Duke Janine M. , Randall Sean M. , Fear Mark W. , Boyd James H. , Rea Suzanne , Wood Fiona M.
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND:

The systemic responses to burns (in particular, elevated levels of catecholamines and stress hormones) have been shown to have an impact on cardiac function for at least 3 years in children with burns. However, it is not clear if these changes lead to long-term effects on the heart. The aim of this study was to assess whether pediatric burn injury is associated with increased long-term hospital use for circulatory diseases.

METHODS:

A population-based longitudinal study was undertaken using linked hospital and death data from Western Australia for children younger than 15 years when hospitalized for a first burn injury (n = 10 436) in 1980–2012 and a frequency matched noninjury comparison cohort, randomly selected from Western Australia’s birth registrations (n = 40 819). Crude admission rates and cumulative length of stay for circulatory diseases were calculated. Negative binomial and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling were used to generate incidence rate ratios and hazard ratios, respectively.

RESULTS:

After adjustment for demographic factors and preexisting health status, the burn cohort had 1.33 (incidence rate ratio) times (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–1.64) as many circulatory system hospitalizations, 2.26 times the number of days in hospital with a diagnosis of a circulatory disease (2.26, 95% CI: 1.06–4.81), and were at a higher risk of incident admissions (hazard ratio 1.22, 95% CI: 1.03–1.46), compared with the uninjured cohort.

CONCLUSIONS:

Children who sustain burn injury experience elevated hospital admission rates and increased length of hospital stay for diseases of the circulatory system for a prolonged period of time after burn discharge.
Estudio de los campos semánticos que sirven en la construcción de la unidad fraseológica del tipo peyorativo
Authors: Pérez Durán Marco Antonio
Published: October 2015

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar cuáles son los vocablos que constituyen la unidad fraseológica (UF) del tipo peyorativo y los campos semánticos que se involucran en su constitución a partir de una muestra de estudiantes de la variante dialectal potosina. Se analiza la estructuración de la frase de este tipo, la descomposición de las unidades que la integran, la frecuencia de los vocablos y la combinación de los campos semánticos. La metodología utilizada contempló la aplicación de una encuesta a 800 estudiantes de diferentes niveles educativos (primaria, secundaria, bachillerato y universidad) de San Luis Potosí, capital, a partir de la instrucción: Escriba todas las groserías que conozca. Los resultados indican que los centros de interés “partes del cuerpo”, “sexualidad” y palabras escatológicas son los que permiten la construcción de este tipo de unidad fraseológica.
The Measurement of Residual Stresses Using Neutron Diffraction
Authors: Krawitz Aaron D. , Holden Thomas M.
Published: October 2015

Residual stresses are common in engineering materials. They are elastic stresses that exist in the absence of external forces and are produced through the differential action of plastic flow, thermal contraction, and/or changes in volume created by phase transformations. Differential plastic flow can occur during the forming of a part. For example, the grinding of a surface will plastically extend a thin surface layer relative to the underlying material through frictional forces. This tends to throw the near-surface region into compression, which is balanced by a tensile stress through the bulk of the part. In such a situation, the requirements of force equilibrium lead to a rather high level of compressive stress in the near-surface region and a low level of tensile stress through the bulk. Differential thermal contraction often occurs during the nonuniform cooling of a large part, in the vicinity of welds, and between the matrix and reinforcement phases of a composite. Differential volume changes occur during the precipitation of second phases, i.e., the atomic volume of the precipitating phase generally differs from that of the host matrix. If it is larger, the second phase is placed in compression, with the matrix in tension, and vice versa.

The residual stress states discussed in the previous paragraph are of two basic types: macrostress and microstress. Residual macrostresses are long-range relative to the scale of the microstructure––that is, they extend continuously across a part. Residual stresses arising from forming and joining are of this type. They generally vary with position and are extensive in nature. A plate with compressive residual stresses on the flat surfaces will deflect if the compressive region on one surface is removed. Destructive stress measurement techniques such as hole drilling or strain gauging and sectioning can be used to determine residual macrostresses.
Optical Detection of Electron Nuclear Double Resonance on the Residual Donor in GaN
Authors: Koschnick F. K. , Michael K. , Spaeth J.-M. , Beaumont B. , Gibart Pierre
Published: October 2015

Optically detected electron nuclear double resonance (ODENDOR) was measured in the 2.2 eV ‘yellow’ luminescence band associated with the residual donor in n-type undoped GaN. The ODENDOR lines are due to gallium and show a quadrupole splitting which can be described with an axial tensor. The quadrupole parameter was estimated to be q(69Ga) = 1/2 Qzz = 0.22 MHz. A hyperfine interaction for 69Ga of about 0.3 MHz for the isotropic and of about 0.15 MHz for the anisotropic part was estimated from the width of the ODENDOR lines. It is tentatively suggested that a Ga interstitial is the residual donor.
Wielkie i małe Światki Antonia Fogazzara ukazane przez polskich tłumaczy
Authors:   Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Biernacka-Licznar Katarzyna
Published: October 2015

The purpose of this article is to present translators of Polish literary works of Antonio Fogazzaro. The reading of the correspondence preserved in the Archives of the Library Bertoliana in Vicenza has led to the discovery of the true names of the translators, who for such a long time remained unknown. In the article we present the works of Fogazzaro in the order they were published and their translations as they appeared in Polish during the years of 1898–1984.
Parateksty polskich przekładów z literatury włoskiej w czasach stalinowskich
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Dygul Jolanta
Published: October 2015

The aim of the article is to present the strategy of political manipulation in the paratexts which contain the translations of Italian literature in Poland of Stalinist era. To demonstrate different editorial procedures, the analysis takes into consideration two most significant examples: three editions of the novel by Renata Viganò entitled Agnese va a morire (the first two from 1951, the third from 1955) and the publication of a fragment of the novel by Elio Vittorini entitled Sempione strizza l’occhio al Frejus in “Przekrój” magazine in 1953. The selection of these examples shows a specific modal frame into which the translations of Italian Literature were forced. Due to that procedure, the Italian novel could be read in connection with other propaganda texts which constitute the intertextual context, determine the interpretation key and intensify the propaganda message.
Il transfer negativo nelle produzioni scritte in italiano da studenti di romanistica
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Ciesielka Joanna
Published: October 2015

The article presents the results of a study researching the influence that Polish and French languages have on the process of studying Italian by Polish students. The study was carried out at the University of Lodz at the Institute of Roman Philology. The analysed sample includes 600 papers (essays) written by Roman Philology students who participated in a 120-hour course of Italian. The first part presents the analysis of errors in Italian language, which, according to the author, can be attributed to the interference from Polish and French languages. The second part contains the reflection on the issue of the improvement of the learning process of Polish students studying Italian as well as a few suggestions for therapeutic exercises.
Storia – letteratura – traduzione: due versioni polacche del Gattopardo
Authors:   Università di Breslavia, Łukaszewicz Justyna
Published: October 2015

The article concerns the two Polish translations of The Leopard (Il Gattopardo): The first one by Zofia Ernstowa, published in different editions since 1961 under the title of Lampart, and the second one by Stanisław Kasprzysiak, published in 2009 under the title of Gepard. The analysis concentrates first on the way in which the paratexts (all kinds of notes) within these publications deal with the references to the Risorgimento (presenting this novel to a new public belonging to a different culture, with a growing distance from those historical events); and then on a comparison of a few fragments of the novel, in the different Polish and Italian versions, which contain allusions to Italian history. This presentation of the Polish reception of the Lampedusa’s masterpiece is completed by some considerations on the position of the second translator with respect to the first translation, and on the role played by the critics.
Letteratura italiana e “arti sorelle” alla Facoltà di lingua e letteratura polacca: un percorso di letteratura comparata
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków, Płaszczewska Olga
Published: October 2015

The purpose of the article is to outline the guidelines of the interdisciplinary course in comparative literature, given at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow. The subject of the series of lectures is the relation between Italian literature and different branches of art, in context of their cultural references. The strategies of sensibilization of the audience both to the problem of „sister arts” and to the Italian literature and language themselves are explained. In addition, the significance of an interdisciplinary approach to the problem of reception of Italian literature in European culture is mentioned as one of the aims of the lecture. Moreover, main problems of the course, such as themes of reintepretation of Italian classics in visual arts, music, cinema and theatre, are discussed on the background of „classroom dynamics” which characterize the group of students with different knowledge of Italian language and different cultural competences.
Pirandello a Breslavia
Authors:   Uniwersytet Wrocławski, La Rosa Gabriele
Published: October 2015

PIRANDELLO IN WROCŁAW The aim of the article is to outline the presence of Luigi Pirandello in Wrocław. After a brief overview of his critical reception in Poland after the First World War, the essay focuses on the three performances that took place in Wrocław after the Second World War. For each performance, the theatre program and the critical reviews are analyzed. The article attempts to show how Pirandello, after his rare appearance, disappeared from the theatre scene in Wrocław.
Prawo miejscowe w polskim i włoskim porządku prawnym – wybrane aspekty
Authors:   Uniwersytet Opolski, Kozłowska Maja
Published: October 2015

LOCAL LAW IN POLISH AND ITALIAN LEGAL SYSTEMS - CHOSEN ASPECTS The article analyses regional competences in the area of tourism, comparing Polish and Italian legislative systems. Regional legislative competences in Italy are characterized, in particular with reference to the constitutional reform of 2001 and its consequences for the division of competences between State and regional entities. Tourism is presented as one of the exclusive regional competences in Italy. The legislative competences of the Polish self-governmental region are analysed (own and commissioned). The strategy of the regional development is indicated as one of the legislative acts at the regional level that refers to the area of tourism.
AVALIAÇÃO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO VEGETATIVO DE PEREIRAS ‘HOSUI’ E ‘ROCHA’ EM DIFERENTES ESPAÇAMENTOS NO SISTEMA DE CULTIVO ORGÂNICO
Authors: HENNERICH JUÇARA ELZA , BOTELHO RENATO VASCONCELOS , WATZLAWICK LUCIANO FARINHA , FERREIRA SILVANA GIROTTO MARTINS , SATO ALESSANDRO JEFFERSON
Published: October 2015

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a influência de diferentes espaçamentos de plantio sobre o crescimento vegetativo de pereiras das cvs. Rocha e Hosui, em sistema orgânico de produção. As mudas das pereiras ‘Rocha’ e ‘Hosui’ enxertadas sobre o marmeleiro ‘CP’ foram plantadas em setembro de 2009. Os espaçamentos utilizados foram: 1,0; 0,8; 0,6 e 0,4 m, entre plantas por 3,5 m entre linhas, equivalendo às densidades de plantio de 2.857; 3.571; 4.762 e 7.143 plantas ha-1, respectivamente. Por dois ciclos consecutivos - 2011/2012 e 2012/2013 -, referentes ao terceiro e ao quarto anos após o plantio, respectivamente, foram avaliadas as variáveis diâmetro detronco, diâmetro de ramos e número de ramos. No segundo ciclo, foram avaliados o volume de copa, a área foliar estimada, a cobertura do dossel e os teores de clorofila a, b e total. Considerando as variáveis: projeção vertical de área foliar estimada, volume de copa e diâmetro de tronco e ramos, para a cv. Hosui, observou-se maior vigor vegetativo em relação à cv. Rocha. A cv. Rocha apresentou redução dos teores de clorofila no menor espaçamento entre plantas, enquanto na cv. Hosui os teores de clorofila não variaram com o espaçamento. Ocorreu aumento da área foliar estimada em função do adensamento para as duas cultivares; para o volume de copa, porém, este efeito foi observado apenas para a cv. Hosui, e para o índice de cobertura de dossel, apenas para a cv. Rocha. O maior adensamento de plantio favoreceu as pereiras da cv. Hosui, proporcionando maior volume de copa por área de terreno, sem ocorrer redução dos teores foliares de clorofila, mas com aumento da cobertura do dossel. Para a cv. Rocha, no entanto, adensamentos maiores do que 4.700 plantas ha-1 parecem ser prejudiciais, visto promoverem redução dos teores foliares de clorofila, porém com maior cobertura do dossel, podendo indicar autossombreamento.
O corpo entre sintoma e cultura
Authors: Lindenmeyer Cristina
Published: October 2015

Subvertendo a ideia de um corpo que seria somente orgânico, Freud não vai somente estabelecer uma ligação entre corpo e sexualidade; ele vai mais além afirmando que é a partir do corpo que o psiquismo nasce. Assistimos, então, ao aparecimento da psicanálise e da ideia de que na anatomia corporal vem se justapor uma vida fantasmática intensa. A visão da anatomia do corpo passa a ser uma cena que recobre outra. Daí viria sua capacidade de se transformar em um “teatro” e colocar em cena os conflitos inconscientes mais variados.
La fonction des identifications “comme si” dans un cas de psychose masquée
Authors: Lippi Silvia
Published: October 2015

Nous partirons de l’hypothèse que le diagnostic, dans l’approche psychanalytique, ne se détermine pas à partir d’une classification des troubles. Pour le démontrer, nous analyserons le cas d’un jeune homme où la psychose ne s’est pas manifestée avec une sémiologie évidente (hallucination, délire, troubles du langage, etc). C’est la reconstruction des processus identificatoires, demeurés inaboutis pour le sujet, qui nous orientera vers un diagnostic de psychose.
Modelo de estimação de custos do transporte urbano de cargas com base na vulnerabilidade da rede viária
Authors: Goes George Vasconcelos , Bertoncini Bruno Vieira
Published: October 2015

ResumoVulnerabilidade é um atributo de desempenho que busca inferir o impacto que a obstrução total ou parcial de uma via reflete no desempenho da rede de transportes. Tal conceito permite analisar tanto a resiliência da rede como os custos incorridos em cenários distintos para diversos atores envolvidos. Este artigo objetivou propor uma metodologia de análise e mensuração dos custos da vulnerabilidade associada ao transporte de cargas. Para isso, desenvolveu-se um modelo de rede viária com 15 arcos e 10 nós, baseado no equilíbrio do usuário, com a finalidade de realizar simulações de falhas nos arcos, além de mensurar os riscos de haver obstruções. O modelo contendo os custos e risco por cenário apresentou desempenho satisfatório para a representação do fenômeno e para a tomada de decisão.
Accelerated aging test in niger seeds
Authors: Gordin Carla Regina Baptista , Scalon Silvana de Paula Quintão , Masetto Tathiana Elisa
Published: October 2015

Abstract:Niger is a promising oilseed species for biodiesel production but there is no much information about the physiological potential of its seeds. Thus, the aim was to adapt the methodologies of accelerated aging test on six lots of niger seeds. The test was carried out by traditional and with saturated salt solution (20 and 40 g NaCl.100 mL-1) methods at 41 and 45 °C for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. After the decay period, the seeds were submitted to the germination test, proceeding to an evaluation on the seventh day after sowing, counting the normal seedlings percentage. A completely randomized design with four replications of 50 seeds was used and the means were compared by Tukey's test. The accelerated aging test was correlated with seedling emergence and provided lots classification in at least two levels of vigor. For the accelerated aging test, the method with 20 g NaCl.100 mL-1 at 41 °C for 24 hours is recommend. The traditional method is not suitable because it provides water content variation between samples above what is tolerable.
Trends in alcohol and tobacco use among Brazilian students: 1989 to 2010
Authors: Sanchez Zila M , Prado Mariangela Cainelli Oliveira , Sanudo Adriana , Carlini Elisaldo A , Nappo Solange A , Martins Silvia S
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVE To analyze temporal trends of the prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use among Brazilian students. METHODS We analyzed data published between 1989 and 2010 from five epidemiological surveys on students from the 6th to the 12th grade of public schools from the ten largest state capitals of Brazil. The total sample consisted of 104,104 students and data were collected in classrooms. The same collection tool – a World Health Organization self-reporting questionnaire – and sampling and weighting procedures were used in the five surveys. The Chi-square test for trend was used to compare the prevalence from different years. RESULTS The prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use varied among the years and cities studied. Alcohol consumption decreased in the 10 state capitals (p < 0.001) throughout 21 years. Tobacco use also decreased significantly in eight cities (p < 0.001). The highest prevalence of alcohol use was found in the Southeast region in 1993 (72.8%, in Belo Horizonte) and the lowest one in Belem (30.6%) in 2010. The highest past-year prevalence of tobacco use was found in the South region in 1997 (28.0%, in Curitiba) and the lowest one in the Southeast in 2010 (7.8%, in Sao Paulo). CONCLUSIONS The decreasing trend in the prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use among students detected all over the Country can be related to the successful and comprehensive Brazilian antitobacco and antialcohol policies. Despite these results, the past-year prevalence of alcohol consumption in the past year remained high in all Brazilian regions.
A Estratégia Norte-Americana de Forum Shifting para Negociação de Acordos TRIPS-Plus com Países da América Latina
Authors: Menezes Henrique Zeferino de
Published: October 2015

Resumo O artigo analisa os acordos preferenciais de comércio celebrados entre Estados Unidos e alguns países da América Latina, destacando especificamente o conteúdo TRIPS-plus das regras de proteção à propriedade intelectual contidas nos acordos. Essas regras ampliam e aprofundam o padrão mínimo obrigatório do TRIPS, produzindo efeitos importantes em políticas públicas vitais para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico desses países.
Ação Coletiva Transnacional e o Sucesso na Construção de um Regime Internacional de Proteção da Pessoa Humana: Da Cruz Vermelha ao TPI
Authors: Tostes Ana Paula B.
Published: October 2015

Resumo O objetivo geral do artigo é mapear eventos que revelam a importância da participação de indivíduos e de movimentos ativistas transnacionais na reformulação de normas e instituições internacionais. Indivíduos e movimentos sociais transnacionais exerceram papéis decisivos, tanto na origem da ideia de proteção de indivíduos por instituições internacionais, independentemente da representação estatal, quanto na ação e estratégia de interferência de redes transnacionais de advocacia pública para a institucionalização de mecanismos de defesa do indivíduo e grupos sociais no contexto da política internacional. A hipótese é que o indivíduo não apenas pode ser visto como objeto de proteção de normas internacionais, mas tem emergido como agente que interfere nas mudanças de regras e criação de instituições internacionais, mesmo sem instrumentos tradicionais de intervenção política, representação ou participação. Uma excursão histórico-analítica sobre motivadores e obstáculos à ação do indivíduo como sujeito interveniente na política internacional não leva à conclusão de que os Estados deixam de ser atores privilegiados, mas sugere que a consideração do papel de redes transnacionais de advocacia pública e do indivíduo como demandantes de mudanças políticas impacta nas relações internacionais.
YACON INULIN LEACHING DURING HOT WATER BLANCHING
Authors: Scher Caroline Fenner , Brandelli Adriano , Noreña Caciano Zapata
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTYacon roots contain inulin, which has prebiotic properties and it may be used as sucrose or fat substitutes. However, inulin is very soluble in water. The loss of this important nutrient during blanching is caused mainly by diffusion or leaching, which might be diminished if blanching temperature - time conditions are correctly employed. The aim of this study was to determine the leaching of the sugars inulin, glucose and fructose, present in yacon roots, during hot water blanching under different time/temperature conditions. The samples were cleaned and peeled and cut into geometric forms of 1.75 ± 0.35 mm thick disks. A complete factorial experimental design was used, and the treatments of the samples were compared using the Tukey test. The results indicated that the time and temperature were significant in the dissolution of the sugars. The lowest inulin losses occurred at temperatures and times lower than 60 ºC and 3 minutes. For all temperatures, the lowest glucose and fructose losses were obtained at time lower than 3 and 5 minutes, respectively.
Considerações sobre a relação entre trauma, pulsão e fantasia na estrutura da neurose
Authors: Palma Renato Jesus A. de Praga , Costa Ana Maria M. da
Published: October 2015

RESUMO:Este trabalho visa articular os conceitos de trauma, pulsão e fantasia, utilizando, para esse objetivo, textos de Freud e de Lacan. Aborda-se aqui o momento primeiro em que Freud supunha que o traumatismo advinha de uma experiência factual com um terceiro, até desvendar que o conteúdo traumático seria um recobrimento fantasístico construído pelo sujeito na tentativa de se defender da força impelente da pulsão. E por ser o trauma considerado como o âmago daquilo que faz estrutura para todas as neuroses, busca-se aqui analisar as classes de neurose a partir da forma como o sujeito reponde à situação traumática.
Os porquês da criança na psicologia genética de Piaget e na psicanálise e a dificuldade de aprendizagem
Authors: Correa Cristia Rosineiri Gonçalves Lopes
Published: October 2015

RESUMO:Aborda-se a dimensão do enigma na dificuldade de aprendizagem e, por conseguinte, a importância dos porquês intermináveis da criança em uma determinada fase. Para isso, trabalha com a interlocução entre o argumento de Piaget e a abordagem psicanalítica acerca dos referidos porquêsinfantis. Argumenta-se que embora a aprendizagem se sustente na suposição do saber do Outro, em muitos quadros, podemos verificar padecimentos nas aprendizagens devido à ausência da sustentação do enigma introduzido pelo saber inconsistente do Outro, cuja matriz são as investigações infantis com todos os seus porquês.
Agreement in cardiovascular risk rating based on anthropometric parameters
Authors: Dantas Endilly Maria da Silva , Pinto Cristiane Jordânia , Freitas Rodrigo Pegado de Abreu , Medeiros Anna Cecília Queiroz de
Published: October 2015

Objective To investigate the agreement in evaluation of risk of developing cardiovascular diseases based on anthropometric parameters in young adults.Methods The study included 406 students, measuring weight, height, and waist and neck circumferences. Waist-to-height ratio and the conicity index. The kappa coefficient was used to assess agreement in risk classification for cardiovascular diseases. The positive and negative specific agreement values were calculated as well. The Pearson chi-square (χ2) test was used to assess associations between categorical variables (p<0.05).Results The majority of the parameters assessed (44%) showed slight (k=0.21 to 0.40) and/or poor agreement (k<0.20), with low values of negative specific agreement. The best agreement was observed between waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio both for the general population (k=0.88) and between sexes (k=0.93 to 0.86). There was a significant association (p<0.001) between the risk of cardiovascular diseases and females when using waist circumference and conicity index, and with males when using neck circumference. This resulted in a wide variation in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk (5.5%-36.5%), depending on the parameter and the sex that was assessed.Conclusion The results indicate variability in agreement in assessing risk for cardiovascular diseases, based on anthropometric parameters, and which also seems to be influenced by sex. Further studies in the Brazilian population are required to better understand this issue.
John Rawls: una ética jurídica sin fundamento metafísico
Authors: Aranda Fraga Fernando
Published: October 2015

Como consecuencia de su filiación liberal democrática, hay en Rawls una intención manifiesta de no querer priorizar ninguna concepción del bien, puesto que ello crearía conflictos en una sociedad que debe ser pluralista, progresista, liberal y democrática, de acuerdo con los supuestos políticos que sostienen su teoría. Por ello, sostiene Rawls, una teoría que persiga la justicia como valor supremo, ha de ser siempre “política” y no “metafísica”. Cabe cuestionarse hasta dónde es posible que la teoría rawlsiana permanezca exenta de metafísica y si existe realmente su tan mentada neutralidad de supuestos.
An approach that puts the family at the centre of haemophilia care
Authors: Dunn Nicola
Published: October 2015

Staff at the Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre pioneered a systemic family therapy model for haemophilia, in which reviews combined medical care and family counselling. That approach has now been extended to specialised joint clinics such as in orthopaedics, women’s and genetic counselling. This multidisciplinary team approach enables specialist clinicians to focus on what they do best while the family therapy team manages the psychological, practical and family issues, and supports patients to make difficult decisions regarding their care.
Into the future with novel emerging therapies for haemophilia
Authors: Perry David
Published: October 2015

Patients with haemophilia have benefited hugely from the advances in basic science achieved over the past 50 years. The introduction of clotting factor concentrates opened the door to home treatment and the subsequent availability of plasma and then recombinant products heralded the prophylaxis era. As clinicians and patients begin to manage the introduction of longer-acting factor concentrates, there are also many novel therapies and approaches in development, many of which offer the potential to transform the lives for individuals with inherited bleeding disorders and their families.
Gene therapy for haemophilia: a very modern success story
Authors: Nathwani Amit
Published: October 2015

AAV-mediated gene therapy has the potential to be paradigm shifting as a treatment for haemophilia. A single administration of AAV vector can result in safe and consistent long-term expression of transgene (>5 years), reduction in spontaneous bleeding episodes, reduction in clotting factor usage and an improvement in quality of life. There is huge commercial interest in this approach, with the expectation that an AAV gene therapy product for haemophilia B will be licensed by 2020.
Síndrome abdominal agudo debido a quiste infectado del mesenterio
Authors: Palacios-Acosta José Martín , Carrasquel-Valecillos Vanessa , León-Hernández Angélica , Echávez-del Riego Jaén , Castañeda-Bochm Fabián Ricardo , Hernández-Arrazola Daniel
Published: October 2015

Los quistes del mesenterio son lesiones benignas intrabdominales que crecen a expensas de los vasos linfáticos del intestino; son más frecuentes en el mesenterio ileal y muy raros en la edad pediátrica. El síndrome abdominal agudo en la edad pediátrica es difícil de definir al ser un cuadro de origen múltiple y de presentación clínica muy variada; su síntoma principal es el dolor abdominal agudo, una de las causas que con mayor frecuencia motivan consulta en el Servicio de Urgencias Pediátricas. Los quistes de mesenterio son infrecuentes, se estima que se presentan en uno de cada 100 000 ingresos por síndrome abdominal agudo en pediatría. El estudio de elección para el diagnóstico es el ultrasonido abdominal y el tratamiento óptimo es la resección completa del quiste. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con tumor abdominal ingresada para su estudio. Durante su evolución tuvo datos de irritación peritoneal por lo que se decidió realizar una laparotomía exploradora en la que se encontró un quiste del mesenterio, roto e infectado. Se efectuó hemicolectomía izquierda, lavado de cavidad y colostomía de una sola boca. A los tres meses de operada se hizo la restitución del tránsito intestinal con buenos resultados. 