bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of ablation plume temperature for laser intensity and alumina powder particle density in alumina reduction
Authors: Uesugi Kazune , Oishi Ryohei , Matsui Makoto
Published: July 2021

We considered the application of lunar regolith for the construction of a lunar base. To obtain aluminum as building materials, alumina powder reduction was performed using 1-kW-class continuous-wave diode laser ablation. The possibility of reduction, and the temperature dependences of the ablation plume on the laser intensity, ambient pressure, and particle density were investigated, and surface analysis was conducted using SEM and XPS. The laser intensity, ambient pressure, and particle density were set as 0.32–1.3 GW m−2, 10–100 kPa, and 16%–56%, respectively. Alumina reduction was verified by observing the 394- and 396 nm spectra of Al(I). The plume temperature increased with laser intensity in the range of 2700–4500 K. We achieved temperatures of 5200 K and 1000 K higher than with the CO2 laser by powder compression. Spheres that appeared to be aluminum were observed on the irradiated surfaces. However, this could not be proved because of the aluminum oxide layer.
Graphene growth in microwave-excited atmospheric pressure remote plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Sakai Yusuke , Takeda Keigo , Hiramatsu Mineo
Published: July 2021

Graphene growth on Cu foil was demonstrated by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) with a microwave-excited non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure remote plasma (MNAPP) using CH4 and H2 gases diluted by He gas. The density of graphene grain decreased and their average sizes increased with decreasing the CH4 flow rate. Moreover, the sizes were almost constant at each condition. In the MNAPP, emission intensities of CH and C2 radicals normalized by that of He atom decreased with decreasing the CH4 flow rate. From the results, nucleation of graphene on Cu surface caused by the precursors such as CH
x
and C2 radicals occur only at the early period of PECVD, and after the initial nucleation, these precursors are mainly consumed for the planar growth of graphene without inducing subsequent nucleation. Therefore, flux control of precursors at the early period is important for synthesizing graphene with more large size in PECVD using MNAPP.
Near-bandgap optical properties of Al1−x
In
x
N thin films grown on a c-plane freestanding GaN substrate
Authors: Toyoda Hayata , Murakami Yuto , Miyata Rino , Imai Daichi , Miyoshi Makoto , Takeuchi Tetsuya , Miyajima Takao
Published: July 2021

We investigated the relationship between the optical constants and localized states near the band-edge in high-quality crystalline Al1−x
In
x
N alloys, with an indium content x ranging from 0.12 to 0.22, grown on a c-plane freestanding GaN substrate. Optical constants were obtained by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The tanΨ and cosΔ spectra were fitted by the Adachi’s critical-point (AC) model. The effects of the near-band-edge localized states on the optical constants were characterized by the spectral broadening factor γ, which was obtained by the AC model. The γ increased with increasing x and this tendency also confirmed by the γ obtained by the photoluminescence excitation (PLE). The bandgap energies obtained by the AC model agree well with those obtained by the PLE. It is suggested that the indium-related near-band-edge localized states cause the spectral broadening of the refractive index and extinction coefficient spectra in Al1−x
In
x
N alloys.
Dispersion relation of spin wave in chiral helimagnet under stationary optical vortex radiation
Authors: Goto Yutaro , Ishihara Hajime , Yokoshi Nobuhiko
Published: July 2021

We investigate a dispersion relation of a spin wave of an effectively one-dimensional chiral helimagnet CrNb3S6, which is under stationary radiation of a resonant optical vortex beam coaxial to that spiral magnetic order axis. We derive a classical magnetic structure by solving Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation and calculate the collective excitation on it. We show that the optical vortex radiation makes the energy gap at k ∼ 0, and the exceptional points appear in the dispersion relation. Because such a dispersion relation implies the dynamical properties with instability, our result implies a possibility to control spin wave transport.
Experiencias de lectura estudiantil en la universidad: caso Universidad del Pacífico
Authors:   Universidad de Manizales, Herrera Perlaza Sileni , Guzmán Laura ,   Universidad de Manizales, Riascos Micolta Dagoberto ,   Universidad del Pacífico
Published: July 2021

La aproximación descriptiva a los procesos de lectoescritura en la Universidad del Pacífico se abordó a partir de los hábitos de lectura y temas de preferencia de los estudiantes. Se aplicó la propuesta metodológica de la teoría fundada, encontrando que, si bien los estudiantes refieren a la universidad como principal agente de cambio en su acercamiento a la lectura, las estrategias y programas de la institución para tal fin son poco efectivas desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes, resultando más determinantes actividades realizadas en el marco de la formación universitaria, que no fueron concebidas para incentivar la lectura, estas fueron denominadas “orientación lectora no planificada”.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KONTRASEPSI PADA AKSEPTOR
KONTRASEPSI WANITA DI PUSKESMAS WILAYAH KOTA PEKANBARU
INDONESIA
Authors: Susanti Lasiah , Ayuningtiyas Ratih , Fadilah Sonia Mutiara
Published: July 2021

Pengguna Keluarga Berencana (KB) ditahun 2018 tercatat meningkat dibanding tahun 2017, namun Provinsi Riau masih menjadi provinsi kedelapan dengan cakupan pengguna aktif yang rendah yaitu 52,28% dari total Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) pada tahun 2018. Cara penggunaan kontrasepsi yang umum digunakan di Indonesia, yaitu metode kontrasepsi dengan cara modern seperti sterilisasi, pil, Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim (AKDR), suntik, implan, kondom, dan Metode Amenorea Laktasi (MAL), sedangkan metode kontrasepsi dengan cara tradisional, yaitu seperti pantang berkala dan senggama terputus. Metode kontrasepsi modern jangka pendek seperti pil dan suntik menjadi pilihan yang dominan digunakan dibandingkan dengan metode kontrasepsi modern jangka panjang seperti AKDR dan Implan. Salah satu penyebab itu dikarenakan masih rendahnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang kontrasepsi dan keterbatasan jumlah tenaga kesehatan serta sarana kesehatan yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan tentang metode kontrasepsi pada akseptor kontrasepsi wanita di Puskesmas wilayah Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi deskriptif observasional, dengan rancangan cross sectional, dilakukan pada 12 Puskesmas di Kota Pekanbaru. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik stratified random sampling dengan besar sampel 400 orang. Hasil dari 400 responden didapatkan 392 responden (98%) memiliki pengetahuan kategori kurang, 8 responden (2%) memiliki pengetahuan kategori cukup, tidak ada responden yang memiliki pengetahuan kategori baik tentang kontrasepsi. Hampir seluruh responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan kategori kurang tentang 11 metode kontrasepsi.
PELAKSANAAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
DI FASILITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN KOTA CIMAHI JAWA BARAT
INDONESIA
Authors: Nataliningrum Rr. Desire Meria , Sovia Evi , Susanti Anita Liliana
Published: July 2021

Terkait dengan penatalaksanaan pandemi Corona virus disesase-19 (Covid-19), Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia telah memberikan pedoman bagi tenaga kesehatan tentang pengelompokan risiko tenaga kesehatan di fasitas pelayanan kesehatan, bekerja pada masa pandemi, penelusuran tenaga kesehatan yang terkonfirmasi positif, dan koordinasi diantara petugas lintas instansi. Tenaga kesehatan yang bekerja di Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat (Puskesmas) memiliki risiko tinggi penularan infeksi Covid-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan protokol kesehatan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 yang dilakukan di 10 Puskesmas di Kota Cimahi. Penelitian menggunakan disain potong lintang dengan memberikan kuesioner dalam bentuk google form kepada Kepala Puskesmas.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 8 dari 10 Puskesmas dikunjungi lebih dari 100 orang
pengunjung terkait Covid-19. Area triase sebagai area skrining pasien hanya dimiliki oleh 7 Puskesmas, dan hanya 4 Puskesmas yang memberlakukan pengisian formulir self assessment pada pengunjung. Semua Puskesmas melakukan pemeriksaan suhu tubuh pada pengunjung sebelum memasuki ruangan Puskesmas. Akan tetapi hanya 1 puskesmas yang memiliki ruang isolasi. Lima puskesmas memberlakukan pemisahan area pasien dengan keluhan Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Atas (ISPA). Semua puskesmas memberlakukan penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) sesuai dengan kelompok risiko tetapi hanya 2 puskesmas yang memiliki sistem pengawasan penggunaan APD. Sebagian puskesmas memiliki ruang khusus untuk memakai dan melepaskan APD. Sembilan Puskesmas memiliki prosedur penanganan limbah APD bekas pakai. Sistem rujukan pasien terkonfirmasi Covid-19 dimiliki oleh semua puskesmas. Namun demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan protokol kesehatan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di 10 Puskesmas di Kota Cimahi masih belum optimal. Disarankan kepada Kepala Puskesmas untuk meningkatkan pelaksanaan protokol kesehatan.
ON MOLDOVA’S INCREMENTAL CAPITAL-OUTPUT RATIO AND THE DESIGN OF ECONOMIC POLICY
Authors: PAPAPHILIPPOU Apostolos
Published: July 2021

The paper analyses the notion of an economy’s Incremental Capital‐Output Ratio and proceeds to provide estimates of the Incremental Capital‐Output Ratio for the Moldovan economy utilising National Accounts data. The purpose of the study is to calculate estimates of the Incremental Capital‐Output Ratio for the Moldovan economy’s transition period to date, utilise the derived estimates to analyse aspects of economic growth in Moldova over its transition period and use the average value of the Incremental Capital‐Output Ratio over the recent period for simulation and forecasting purposes. On the whole the reported empirical estimates of the Incremental Capital‐Output Ratio for the Moldovan economy lie within the range of values reported in the economic literature. Furthermore, the evolution of the Incremental Capital‐Output Ratio in the first few years of sustainable growth in Moldova reflects the wide availability of unemployed or underemployed resources in the economy at the time thus allowing the achievement significant economic growth which was associated with low values of the Incremental Capital‐Output Ratio over the period. The paper proceeds to utilise the recent Incremental Capital‐Output Ratio estimates for the Moldovan economy over the period 2015 to 2019 inclusive to calculate an average estimate of the Incremental Capital‐Output Ratio and use this average estimate to generate estimates of the Gross Fixed Capital Formation ratios as a share of GDP required to reach a number of indicative growth paths in the medium to long term. It is notable that the growth path which is attainable given current conditions in the economy is close to the latest medium term forecasts by International Financial Institutions and the Ministry of Economy and Infrastructure. The paper concludes by discussing the design of economic policy and development planning in Moldova and suggesting areas for further work.
ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA: THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT POLICY
Authors: Ana CIRLAN
Published: July 2021

The article presents and analyses the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the Republic of Moldova, as a solution for an integrated approach to the problems of entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurial ecosystems represent a set of interdependent actors and coordinated factors so as to increase the productivity of SMEs. The paper includes: (I) investigating the literature on entrepreneurial ecosystems; (II) analysis of the role of public policies in creating and supporting entrepreneurial ecosystems; (III) finalizing the components of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the Republic of Moldova and performing their evaluation through the prism of international rankings. The aim of this research is to elucidate the role of entrepreneurial policies with a holistic approach to the creation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The key challenge for the authorities is to identify the pillars that contribute to the development of an ecosystem. However, the existence of a large number of entrepreneurial support programs and projects does not necessarily lead to a qualitative increase in the number of enterprises. The results of the research showed that the authorities promote policies to support the business environment with a fragmented approach and an emphasis on increasing quantitative indicators. At the same time, the analysis of the components of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the Republic of Moldova, through international rankings, indicates the deterioration of the business environment conditions. The research methodology is based on the analysis of policy documents on SME support and data provided by reports of international organizations (World Bank, World Economic Forum, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, etc.).
La estabilidad de la demanda de dinero en México
Authors: Ortiz Martínez Guillermo
Published: July 2021

Se explota más fondo el comportamiento de la demanda por dinero a nivel trimestral de 1960 a 1979 en México, y se efectúan distintas pruebas de estabilidad.
Simulation-Based Data Augmentation for the Quality Inspection of Structural Adhesive With Deep Learning
Authors: Peres Ricardo , Guedes Magno , Miranda Fábio , Barata José
Published: July 2021

The advent of Industry 4.0 has shown the tremendous transformative potential of combining artificial intelligence, cyber-physical systems and Internet of Things concepts in industrial settings. Despite this, data availability is still a major roadblock for the successful adoption of data-driven solutions, particularly concerning deep learning approaches in manufacturing. Specifically in the quality control domain, annotated defect data can often be costly, time-consuming and inefficient to obtain, potentially compromising the viability of deep learning approaches due to data scarcity. In this context, we propose a novel method for generating annotated synthetic training data for automated quality inspections of structural adhesive applications, validated in an industrial cell for automotive parts. Our approach greatly reduces the cost of training deep learning models for this task, while simultaneously improving their performance in a scarce manufacturing data context with imbalanced training sets by 3.1% (mAP@0.50). Additional results can be seen at https://git.io/Jtc4b.
SmartScope: An AI-Powered Digital Auscultation Device To Detect Cardiopulmonary Diseases
Authors: Prabu Aadhav
Published: July 2021

Cardiopulmonary diseases are leading causes of death worldwide, accounting for nearly 15 million deaths annually. Accurate diagnosis and routine monitoring of these diseases by auscultation are crucial for early intervention and treatment. However, auscultation using a conventional stethoscope is low in amplitude and subjective, leading to possible missed or delayed treatment. My research aimed to develop a stethoscope called SmartScope powered by machine-learning to aid physicians in rapid analysis, confirmation, and augmentation of cardiopulmonary auscultation. Additionally, SmartScope helps patients take personalized auscultation readings at home effectively as it performs an intelligent selection of auscultation points interactively and quickly using the reinforcement learning agent: Deep Q-Network. SmartScope consists of a Raspberry Pi-enabled device, machine-learning models, and an iOS app. Users initiate the auscultation process through the app. The app communicates with the device using MQTT messaging to record the auscultation, which is augmented by an active band-pass filter and an amplifier. Additionally, the auscultation readings are refined by a Gaussian-shaped frequency filter and segmented by a Long Short-Term Memory Network. The readings are then classified using two Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks. The results are displayed within the app and LCD. After the machine-learning models were trained, 90% accuracy for cardiopulmonary diseases was achieved, and the number of auscultation points was reduced threefold. SmartScope is an affordable, comprehensive, and user-friendly device that patients and physicians can widely use to monitor and accurately diagnose diseases like COPD, COVID-19, Asthma, and Heart Murmur instantaneously, as time is a critical factor in saving lives.
Una dottrina rivoluzionaria della sistemazione dello spazio. Massimo Quaini geografo-pianificatore
Authors: Dematteis Giuseppe
Published: July 2021

The idea of a planning-oriented geography was part of the ‘revolutionary’ renewal program of the discipline proposed by Massimo Quaini since the 70’s. First through an analysis of how human geography was built in the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries, then in the theoretical and methodological writings in which he critically examines his experiences as a geographer engaged in urban, regional, environmental and landscape planning works. In such writings, he highlights the latent and unsolved contrast between the aim of meeting the needs of the inhabitants and the tendency to organize the local space according to economic competition.
Massimo Quaini, territorialista
Authors: Magnaghi Alberto
Published: July 2021

The essay illustrates Quaini’s inputs to the construction and the theoretical/operational development of the territorialist school and, later on, of the Territorialist Society, of which he was one of the major founders and guarantors. In his explication of concepts like place, territory, landscape, place awareness, Quaini anticipates the need for a multidisciplinary territorialist lexicon. Taking from Herodote Italia the focus on the fundamental integration of historical and spatial knowledge, he recommends a confluence of geography into the territorialist multidisciplinary system, exemplifying it in relation to topics like territorial museums, local observatories of landscape, statute of places, foundational description, new relationships between city and countryside.
Massimo Quaini e il CISGE
Authors: D'Ascenzo Annalisa , Dai Prà Elena , Guarducci Anna , Masetti Carla , Rossi Massimo
Published: July 2021

Among the geographical associations the Italian Centre for Historical and Geographical Studies (CISGE) was the one with which Massimo Quaini maintained a stronger relationship. In addition to the sharing of the study fields, Quaini was also linked to CISGE by the close and inseparable link between geography and history, the combination of concrete research and theoretical reflection, the plurality of approaches, the continuous dialectic and the marked interdisciplinarity. Elements that have always characterized the Centre since its foundation, becoming concrete in meetings, seminars, conferences, research groups, national and international projects and in numerous publications. Through a careful analysis of Quaini’s writings contained in the proceedings, the collections of essays and the journal Geostorie (which since 2000 replaced the Notiziario del CISGE) – a long and uninterrupted series from 1992 to 2017 – the contribution aims at highlighting the original, critical and stimulating contribution offered by Massimo to the four fundamental study streams of CISGE: historical geography, history of cartography, history of geographical thought, history of travels and of explorations.
The concept of obtaining and using multipotent mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of dental diseases: literature review
Authors: Hajbullina R. R. , Danilko K. V. , Shangina O. R. , Valeeva G. A. , Lopatina N. V. , Gerasimova L. P. , Gadiullin A. M.
Published: July 2021

The discovery of stem cells is considered one of the most important achievements of mankind. The ability of any stem cells to produce different cell types makes them a very convenient system for studying the molecular genetic events that cause cell differentiation. Due to their ability to differentiate into any tissue, stem cells can be used to treat a huge number of diseases. Therefore, the comprehensive study of stem cells is one of the most relevant and promising areas of modern medicine.
Reliability of lateral cephalometric radiographs in the assessment of the upper airway: a systematic review
Authors: Balashova M. E. , Khabadze Z. S. , Voronov I. A. , Bagdasarova I. N. , Fedotova N. N.
Published: July 2021

Relevance. The problem of respiratory diseases has been studied for a long time by many specialists and remains relevant to this day. This problem has been of interest to researchers for many years due to several factors. In many studies, it was demonstrated, that a signifcant relationship exist between the upper airway condition and jaw growth, craniofacial skeleton and TMJ dysfunction. Lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCRs) have been used to assess skull parameters, jaw bones and teeth, the morphology of the upper airway, the severity of airways obstruction and adenoid size. The present study aimed to determine the reliability of LCRs compared to CBCT in the assessment of the upper respiratory tract in order to determine which variables are reliable for potential use in clinical diagnosis.

Aim. To analyze the literature on the effectiveness of the using Lateral Cephalogram in the assessment of the upper airway.

Materials and methods. Electronic search of articles was carried out using search engines and databases: Cyberleninka, eLIBRARY, Google Scholar, Pub Med, SCOPUS. The publication date criterion was selected from January 2010 to January 2021. The electronic search was conducted using the following keywords: lateral cephalogram, upper airway, cone-beam computed tomography. A total of 10 studies from the literature met the selection criteria.

Results. CBCT provides a good estimate of the transverse dimensions and volumetric measurement of the airway space. Linear measurements of CBCT and LCRs were quite reliable and reproducible. The most diffcult to study and differentiate area is the oropharynx, the variability of the pharyngeal segment cannot be predicted by LCs. LCRs method is advisable for adenoid pathology diagnosis due to its fnancial acceptability and availability. The cephalometric headflm provides a good general overall indicator for nasopharyngeal airway patency, adenoidal hypertrophy.

Conclusions. The traditional lateral cephalogram remains not only a standard, reproducible and cost-effective diagnostic method in orthodontics, but also a reliable initial tool for screening upper airway obstruction, studying the nasopharyngeal morphology and assessment of adenoid size. Based on our results, the measurement of the nasopharyngeal space on lateral cephalograms can be used as an initial screening method to estimate the nasopharynx volumes. The results demonstrate that a lateral cephalogram can provide valuable information about the severe limitations and nasopharyngeal morphology
Occupational conditionality of diseases of chronic generalized periodontitis and bruxism in limestone quarry workers
Authors: Khaibullina R. R. , Rakhmatullina R. Z. , Valeeva E. T. , Kuznetsova L. I. , Bashirova T. V. , Rakhmatullin R. N.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To identify the occupational risk of developing chronic generalized periodontitis and bruxism in limestone quarry workers.

Materials and methods. We examined 214 workers of the limestone quarry, of which 66 patients were diagnosed with chronic generalized periodontitis, aggravated by bruxism, these patients were taken for treatment. Investigated the indices of hygiene, bleeding, periodontal, measured the depth of periodontal pockets. Electromyography of the temporal and masticatory muscles, microcirculation of periodontal blood ﬂow, and radiography were performed. Established professional conditioning. The patented treatment we proposed: a children's phytogel for teeth and gums Karmolis was introduced into the pathological pockets and along the gingival margin, after which lasertophoresis was carried out according to the labile technique on the upper and lower jaws segmental. Fluctuorization, mouthguards, remedial gymnastics, self-massage – all these are the therapeutic measures offered by us.

Results. After the treatment we carried out, the index of the indices improved, the speed and volume of blood ﬂow in the periodontium increased, the temporal and masticatory muscles became less tense, all this indicates a favorable course of the therapy.

Conclusions. Moderate CGP, aggravated by bruxism, are occupational diseases in limestone mining workers.
Immunotherapy Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Rubik's Cube to Assemble
Authors: Rolfo Christian , Ordóñez-Reyes Camila , Cardona Andrés F.
Published: July 2021

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common form of lung cancer and is usually not diagnosed until an advanced-stage disease is present. Chemotherapy is the recommended treatment; however, it is known that chemotherapy alone has a low cure rate, harmful side effects, and a lack of sensitivity. Therefore, alternatives to improve the patient's experience and outcomes with immunotherapy are being used as first-line treatment in patients with NSCLC. Patients may develop primary or acquired resistance against immunotherapy, and the mechanisms of resistance are not yet fully understood. Currently, several new approaches are being developed to overcome immunotherapy resistance in NSCLC. Herein, we briefly discuss pathways driving resistance to immunotherapy and new alternatives that are being developed to overcome resistance.
A Review on Finding Efficient Approach to Detect Customer Emotion Analysis using Deep Learning Analysis
Authors: Kottursamy Kottilingam
Published: July 2021

The role of facial expression recognition in social science and human-computer interaction has received a lot of attention. Deep learning advancements have resulted in advances in this field, which go beyond human-level accuracy. This article discusses various common deep learning algorithms for emotion recognition, all while utilising the eXnet library for achieving improved accuracy. Memory and computation, on the other hand, have yet to be overcome. Overfitting is an issue with large models. One solution to this challenge is to reduce the generalization error. We employ a novel Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) named eXnet to construct a new CNN model utilising parallel feature extraction. The most recent eXnet (Expression Net) model improves on the previous model's inaccuracy while having many fewer parameters. Data augmentation techniques that have been in use for decades are being utilized with the generalized eXnet. It employs effective ways to reduce overfitting while maintaining overall size under control.
Features of atopic bronchial asthma in adults: treatment and control
Authors: Nenasheva N M , Buriev B B , Nenasheva N M , Buriev B B
Published: July 2021

Background. To study the age and gender structure, as well as clinical and functional characteristics and level of control of atopic bronchial asthma in adults.
Materials and methods. An analysis of 515 outpatient records of patients with bronchial asthma (BA) was done. Two hundred persons were interviewed by phone to evaluate the current condition of BA. The questionnaires were used included as issues related to current asthma condition during the past year as treatment and control of BA. ACT-test was used to evaluate of the control of the BA.
Results. 402 patients (78%, CI: 74-81%) had an atopic form of BA, 103 (20%, CI: 16-23%) - a non-atopic BA and 10 (2%, CI: 1-3%) - both an atopic and a non-atopic forms of BA. Young individuals dominated (66,4%, CI: 62-71%) among patients with an atopic BA. Men (82%, CI: 77-86%) prevailed among young people, while women were in majority in the old group. The most significant allergens in patients with atopic BA for residents of the Moscow region were house dust (363 - 90%, CI: 87-92%) and house dust mites - in 328 patients (81,6%, CI: 77-85%). The tree pollen (51,7%, CI: 47-56%) was the most spread among the pollen allergy. The results of the interactive poll showed that 43% (CI: 36-50%) of BA patients had uncontrolled asthma. Most of patients (79,5%, CI: 73%-84%) noted exacerbations of BA in the past year, among them about 10% (CI: 6-15%) were treated in a hospital, while 8% (CI: 5-13%) - resorted to the emergency help.
Conclusion. Atopic BA is 78% (CI: 74-81%) of the total number of adult patients with asthma, the majority of patients (65,7%, CI: 60-70%) had mild disease. The combination of atopic BA and allergic rhinitis had the 98% (CI: 96-99%) of patients. 43% (CI: 36-50%) patients noted uncontrolled asthma according to the ACT-test. 79,5% (CI: 73-84%) of patients had exacerbations of BA during the past year due to the inadequate treatment.
No metabolites impact in allergic inflammation regulation and their contribution to remodelling bronchi mucous in bronchial asthma patients
Authors: Ogorodova L M , Kozina O V , Gereng E A , Ogorodova L M , Kozina O V , Gereng E A
Published: July 2021

Background. To study the role of NO metabolites in allergic inflammation regulation and remodelling in BA patients.
Material and methods. Morphological and morphometrical methods of investigation of bronchi mucous of 39 BA patients were used, IL-4, TNF-α, INF-g, IL-8, nitrite, 3-nitrotyrosine, nitrosoglutathion levels in bronchoalveolar washout were investigated, nitrite concentration in condensate of the exhaled air was measured. Results. The increased level of IL-4, TNF-α, INF-g, IL-8 in bronchoalveolar washout is associated with persistent Th2-inflammation. The BA severity correlate with highest IL-8, TNF-a, INF-g, nitrite and 3-nitrotyrosine level but with nitrosoglutathion deficit and in general is associated with structured architectonics bronchi mucous abnormalities.
Conclusion. The association of toxic NO metabolites, pro-inflammation cytokines levels, bronchi mucous path-omorphological abnormalities with clinical signs of BA confirms the role of toxic NO metabolites in development of Th2-inflammations.
Psychosomatic aspects of bronchial asthma: mechanisms of development, peculiarities of diagnostics, clinical manifestations and treatment
Authors: Fedoseev Gleb Borisovich , Trofimov V I , Eliseeva M V , Babkina O Yu , Kryakunov KN , Fedoseev G B , Trofimov V JI , Fliseeva M V , Babkina O Ju , Kryakunov Kn N
Published: July 2021

Article is devoted to the role of psychosomatic disorders in onset and development of bronchial asthma, to the diagnostics and treatment of neuropsychical variant of the disease course and possibilities of psychotherapeutic correction.
Allergen-specific immunotherapy in children, and the perspectives of the method
Authors: Trusova Ol'ga Valer'evna , Gayduk I M , Korostovtsev D S , Trusova О V , Gaiduk I M , Korostovtsev D S
Published: July 2021

The review is devoted to the latest results of scientific research and clinical trials in the field of allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) in children, supported by the WHO and EAACI. The results of clinical trials of novel allergo-vaccines in Russian Federation are presented. The future perspectives in ASIT are reviewed.
Algorithm of biophenotyping and choice of medication for targeted therapy of severe uncontrolled asthma with eosinophilic type of airways inflammation
Authors: Ilina N I , Nenasheva N M , Avdeev S N , Aisanov Z R , Arkhipov V V , Vizel A A , Emelyanov A V , Knyazheskaya N P , Kurbacheva O M , Leshchenko I V , Osipova G L , Styrt E A , Titova O N , Fassakhov R S , Fedosenko S V
Published: July 2021

The article is based on the resolution of the Expert Council, including experts from Russian Association of Allergists and Clinical Immunologists (RAACI) and Russian Respiratory Society (RRS) dated November 20, 2016, and the review of clinical studies results and publications on the biomarker-based diagnosis and biological treatment of severe uncontrolled asthma. The aim of this work is to develop a phenotype-oriented algorithm of diagnostics and treatment of severe asthma, supported by the biomarker testing for subsequent selection of appropriate immunobiological treatment. The article constitutes the summary of results of clinical studies and expert opinions on the treatment of asthma in patients who do not achieve disease control with standard treatment regimens including high doses of inhaled corticosteroids in the combination with long-acting beta-agonists, tiotropium, and medications from other pharmacological groups according to Russian Respiratory Society (2016) and GINA (2016-2017) guidelines. The article summarizes the results of international randomized clinical studies performed to assess safety and efficacy of new class of biological treatments, monoclonal antibodies acting against major cytokines that are responsible for inflammation, in patients with severe asthma, including a new anti-IL-5 antibody, reslizumab (Cinqaero).
Practical approaches to the identification of priority and competitive areas of applied medical research
Authors: Rebrova O Yu
Published: July 2021

Identification of the priorities and competitive areas of applied medical science is necessary for effective public funding of scientific research. The process of such identification should include the following steps: 1) cost of illness analysis; 2) search of evidence gaps; 3) analysis of landscape of national health economic studies. Methods to solve these problems are discussed in details in the article.
Influence of secondary immune deficiency syndrome on the course of atopic dermatitis in children
Authors: Sizyakina L P , Penechko E M , Didenko I V
Published: July 2021

Allergological and immunological parameters in children with atopic dermatitis complicated by secondary immune deficiency syndrome are presented. It was found that concomitant secondary immune deficiency syndrome, which manifested by frequent acute respiratory viral infections, significantly weigh down the clinical features of atopic dermatitis in children.
Eosinophilic esophagitis and allergic rhinitis with sensitization to indoor allergens as a comorbid diseases
Authors: Vorzheva I I , Neustroev V G , Raevskaya L Y , Chernyak B A
Published: July 2021

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) is a chronic disease characterized by antigen-mediated eosinophilic inflammation leading to esophageal dysfunction. Food and pollen allergens are considered to be the main cause of EE. Indoor allergens can offend EE but not so often as food and pollen. Clinical case of EE associated with persistent allergic rhinitis with sensitization to house dust mites and cockroaches is presented in the article. Successful treatment with inhaled topical corticosteroids, taken orally, confirmed by endoscopy and biopsy is demonstrated.
Urticaria is not a sentence. The clinical cases
Authors: Danilycheva I V , Shulzhenko A E , Bondarenko N G
Published: July 2021

Omalizumab - monoclonal therapeutic antibody to human IgE, is effectively used for the treatment of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (HSC), refractory to 4 times increased doses of antihistamines. The article describes two cases of effective treatment of patients (HSC) with omalizumab (Xolair® «Novartis Pharma» LLC) after a long period of unsuccessful therapy with H1-antihistamines, leukotriene receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids.
Russian Federal clinical recomendations on chronic urticaria diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Danilycheva I V , Ilina N I , Luss L V , Fedenko E S , Shulzhenko A E
Published: July 2021

The revised recomendations on chronic urticaria diagnostics and treatment created by leading Russian experts are presented.
Infectious and noninfectious sensibilization of patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Fedoseev G B , Trofimov V I , Timchik V G , Negrutsa K V , Golubeva V I , Gorovneva E V , Razumovskaya T S , Birula I V , Alexandrin V A , Kryakunov K N
Published: July 2021

The study included 169 patients, particulary 33 healthy people, 69 patients with asthma, 24 patients with asthma combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 35 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 8 patients with community-acquired pneumonia. IgE was determined to mite allergens, house dust, combined pollen meadow grasses, trees and weeds. IgE and IgG were determined to allergens of Strept. pneumonia, Haemofil. influenzae, Neisseria perflava, Staph. aureus. Presence, multiplicity, severity and combination of sensibilization were detected by the presence of specific IgE to infectious and atopic allergens. We revealed sensibilization of all studied groups, including healthy people and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and community-acquired pneumonia without clinical signs of allergies. There is a statistically significant direct correlation between IgE and IgG reaction to Strept. рneumonia and Haemofil. influenzae of healthy people and patients. There is no correlation between the IgE and IgG reaction of healthy people and patients to Neisseria perflava and Staph. aureus.
Allergic rhinitis is a seasonal trouble and off-seasonal problem
Authors: Fedoskova T G , Svistushkin V M , Shevchik E A
Published: July 2021

Rhinitis (allergic, vasomotor and others) is common inflammatory disease of the nasal cavity. Clinical manifestations of chronic rhinitis, such as nasal obstruction, discharge from the nasal cavity, significantly reduce the quality of life of the patients. Efficacy of modern antihistamine - azelastin in the treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis is presented in the article.
Atopic asthma: the role of allergen-specific immunotherapy
Authors: Nenasheva N M
Published: July 2021

Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease in terms of the phenotypes, but the majority of patients, both children and adolescents, and adults suffer from IgE-dependent (atopic) asthma. This asthma phenotype most often is associated with allergic rhinitis, which defines systemic therapy for both diseases. The allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) meets that approach best of all. SIT is viewed as a treatment not for a specific nosology (rhinitis, asthma or atopic dermatitis), but for an allergen. The epidemiology and the etiology of atopic asthma, role of SIT in treatment of asthma, efficacy, safety, and basic mechanisms are discussed in the article.
Treatment efficacy of the combined medication Allergoferon® during persistent allergic rhinitis
Authors: Sotnikova N Y , Pachomova T V , Lykova T A
Published: July 2021

Background. To assess the efficacy of a new medication Allergoferon®, gel for topical application, in the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis Materials and methods. This paper summarizes experience with the combined anti-allergic medication Allergoferon® in the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis at the manifestation stage in 60 outpatients aged 18 to 75. The study was conducted at outpatient hospitals in the city of Ivanovo in 2014-2015. Symptoms were assessed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 42nd days, in comparison with the pretreatment period, using patient complaints and clinical and laboratory research data. Results. According to our data, a significant improvement was noted in half of the patients at the 3rd day of treatment, in two-thirds of them - at the 7th day of treatment. In general, improvement of nasal symptoms, compared to the pretreatment period, was noted in all patients at the final visit. The significance of differences was established in 75%. The most positive effect was observed during 7-14 days. Conclusion. A high treatment efficacy of medication Allergoferon® was revealed for patients with allergic persistent rhinitis. The treatment efficacy and the lack of adverse side effects attest to the potential use of this medication in clinical practices.
Efficacy and safety of desloratadine in chronic urticaria therapy
Authors: Fedenko E S , Erina O A , Dzigoeva A A
Published: July 2021

This review is devoted to analyses of data on efficacy and safety of desloratadine in chronic urticaria therapy.
IgE-AB to animals molecular allergens in patients with respiratory allergy
Authors: Mokronosova M A , Bass E A , Bala A M , Zheltikova T M
Published: July 2021

Background. The purpose of this study was to identify IgE-antibodies to the major and minor allergenic components of pets in the blood serum of patients with bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis (BA/AR). Methods. The study included 327 patients from Moscow and St. Petersburg. All of them were detected for specific IgE-antibodies (IgE-AB) to the animal allergens by ImmunoCAP® (ThermoFisherScientific, Sweden). 105 patients wanted to detect IgE-AB to the main animal allergens molecules ImmunoCAP ISAC® (ThermoFisherScientific, Sweden). Results. In the sera of 327 patients IgE-AB to cat’s (62%) allergen dominated. IgE-antibodies to dog’s, house dust mites (D.pteronyssinus, D. farinae), mold fungi, horses and rodents allergens were found in 2,6-31 times less. IgE-AB to uteroglobin (rFel d 1), major cat allergen, was detected in 80% of patients (84/105). The detection rate of IgE-AB to other cat allergens was 4,2-8 times lower (rFel d 2 - 10%, nFel d 4 - 19%). IgE-AB to major dog allergen rCan f 1 was detected in 39% of patients (41/105). Positive level of IgE-AB to other dog allergens was detected in 2,2-4,9 times lower (rCan f 2 - 8%, nCan f 3 - 9%, rCan f 5 - 18%). Positive level of IgE-AB to lipocalin was assayed in 6% of patients, to serum albumin - in 7%. Conclusion. Prevalence of IgE-AB to cat and dog allergens was almost 3 times higher than the frequency of detection of IgE-AB to house dust mite allergens in citizens of Moscow and S. Petersburg. The frequency of IgE-AB to rFel d 1 was dominated and detected 2 and 4-11 times often than to rCan f 1 and other animal allergens consequently.
Allergic bronchopulmonar aspergillosis in asthmatic patients
Authors: Kozlova Y I , Sobolev A V , Frolova E V , Aak O V , Burygina E V , Klimko N N
Published: July 2021

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a caused by hypersensitivity to Aspergillus spp. antigens, is the lung disease, which occurs in patients with asthma or cystic fibrosis and is characterized by poor control of background disease and development of respiratory failure. According to experts opinion the number of patients with ABPA is about four million people in the world and 175 000 persons in Russian Federation. The clinical course improvement, prevention of progression and prophylaxis of bronchiectasis depend on timely and correct diagnosis of the disease. International Society of Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) formed a working group «ABPA in patients with asthma» for worldwide collaboration with physicians and researchers. The working group proposed new diagnostic criteria. This report presents a clinical case of ABPA in asthmatic patient. The diagnosis is established according criteria proposed by R. Agarwal et al., 2013.
Principles of personalized diet therapy of cow’s milk allergy in children
Authors: Reviykina V A , Larkova I A , Kuvshinova E D , Shavkina M I , Boitcov M V , Mukhortykh V A
Published: July 2021

Cow’s milk allergy protein (CMPA) is the leading cause of food allergy in infants and young children. The personalized diet prescription, providing individual medical nutrition can be reliable guaranty of effective treatment for diverse range of CMPA symptoms. In spite of the fact that there are a lot of special infant formula in Russia, pediatricians and allergologists have difficulties in choosing appropriate diet. The suggested algorithm of individual option of extensively hydrolyzed proteinbased formula for CMPA patients will help doctors to optimize diet.
Mouse thymic mast cells in normal state and after stress-induced atrophy
Authors: Guselnicova V V , Polevschikov A V
Published: July 2021

Background. Studying of thymic mast cells population in normal state and after stressinduced atrophy. Methods. The study was performed on 80 thymus of white outbred mice with using of histochemistry and immunohistochemistry methods. Sections of embryonic thymus were stained with toluidine blue. Adult mice were given a single injection of 2,5 mg of hydrocortisone for induction of thymic accidental transformation; sections were stained with toluidine blue and alcian blue-safranin. Within of immunohistochemical research paraffin sections of adult thymus were stained with polyclonal antibodies to synaptophysin and tyrosine hydroxylase with alcian blue stain. Results. Mast cells (MCs) appeared in thymus on 19th day of embryonic life and demonstrated mainly a medullar location. In adult animals MCs were observed only in the connective tissue of the capsule, interlobular septa, subcortex and perivascular space. Mast cells matured in thymus after accidental transformation. The localization of developing mast cells was changing from medullar and cortical to capsular. A morphological proximity between nerve terminals and mast cells has been observed in normal adult thymus. Some of these nerves were catecholaminergic. Conclusion. Possible important role of thymic mast cells and mast cellsnerves interaction in normal state and after accidental transformation is discussed.
ALLERGIES PROBLEM - WE ARE SOLVING TOGETHER!
Authors: Astafieva N G , Ilina N I , Kurbacheva O Mikhaylovna , Namazova-Baranova L S , Nenasheva N M
Published: July 2021

Recently the problem of low adherence of patients to treatment attracts more attention worldwide. WHO experts recognized the low adherence to therapy as a global international problem. In real life, the results of allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) are not so beneficial first of all due to patient’s noncompliance. The cooperation between patient and physician helps to achieve positive results of the treatment. The solution of the problem of low adherence of patients requires the development of systematic approaches, and the medical community is ready to propose it.
CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ALLERGIC DISEASES AMONG PROFESSIONAL ATHLETES (CYCLING)
Authors: Merkulova I Y , Zhestkov A V
Published: July 2021

Background. To study the epidemiological aspects, clinical and immunological features, diagnostic possibilities of allergic diseases among professional athletes in the Samara region for futher improvement of treatment and quality of life. Methods. Sociological and special questionnaires, history data, retrospective analysis of case records, clinical,, allergological and immunological methods were used in the study. the object of the study was a group of 35 athletes: 18 boys and 17 girls aged from 15 to 20 years old. Athletes included in the study were the members of the Russian youth national cycling teams titled as masters of sports. Results. Among sportsmen from the research group, professionally engaged in Cycling the prevalence of allergic diseases was 25,7% (p
ANTIHISTAMINES IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE
Authors: VARLAMOV E E , PAMPURA A N
Published: July 2021

The article presents data about H1-antihistamines in the treatment of allergic diseases in children.