bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Parking Management Policies in Kutai Kartanegara Regency
Authors: Hariyoko Yusuf , Amin Muhammad , Maduwinarti Ayun , Rahmawati Lutfia Diva
Published: February 2025

This study examines the evaluation of parking policies in Kutai Kartanegara Regency. Parking issues are interesting to study because they cause social problems and have yet to contribute much to local revenue. The government plays a huge role in this parking issue, and a policy evaluation is needed to optimize this role. The research method used is qualitative, which attempts to explain research problems related to parking issues in Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The policy evaluation used is the CIPP approach, which views policies more contextually and holistically. The policy context shows there is still little room for the government to implement its policies. This role can be developed with various policy innovations. Policy inputs that discuss policy planning are optimal but can be created by providing bottom-up planning space in parking policies. The policy process related to policy issues that have been implemented are not innovative and are carried out the same as before. The involvement of parking attendants is also not optimal and can be done with more professional management. Policy products still need to benefit the community in terms of local revenue from parking.
Electronic Load for Parameter Characterization in Equivalent Circuit Models of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Bampi Suelen , Waltrich Gierri , Vaccari Anderson
Published: February 2025

The applications and implemented volume of lithium-ion batteries have been gaining momentum each year. Aiming to contribute to the development of research in this area, this paper presents the design and implementation of an electronic load focused on characterizing parameters inherent to equivalent circuit models (ECM). ECMs are commonly applied for estimating the State of Charge (SoC), State of Health (SoH), and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of lithium batteries. In this paper, an electrical design of an electronic load was implemented and validated through laboratory instrumentation to obtain characteristic data from a lithium titanate cell. The data from the tests performed on the cell were used as input for a SoC estimation algorithm based on the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to help corroborate the prototype's performance. The results comprise the performance of the electronic load, the results associated with the parameterization tests of the lithium cells, and the results obtained for the cell’s SoC estimation using the EKF.
Między maskami i lustrem – o dwóch autoportretach Felixa Nussbauma
Authors: Milerowska Magdalena
Published: February 2025

Felix Nussbaum był artystą, którego lata aktywności twórczej przypadły na okres funkcjonowania Republiki Weimarskiej i Trzeciej Rzeszy. Ten niezwykle narracyjny w swej sztuce artysta jest przede wszystkim kojarzony z obrazami o zabarwieniu politycznym, namalowanymi w czasie drugiej wojny światowej, które stały się przejmującym świadectwem Holokaustu. Natomiast sam Nussbaum dość długo bronił się przed zaszeregowaniem swoich działań artystycznych, ale jednocześnie w większości przedwojennych prac starał się subtelnie wyrażać swe zdanie w aktualnie nurtujących go kwestiach związanych z postrzeganiem rodziny, społeczeństwa, religii. W niniejszym artykule podjęłam się analizy dwóch autoportretów (Autoportret z maską i Autoportret przy sztaludze), które dzieli około 15 lat, aby ukazać, jak w tym gatunku malarskim artysta poszukiwał odpowiedzi leżących u podstaw jego chwiejnej tożsamości.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Leaf Extracts Grown in Sandy Habitats on Histological and Gene Expression Changes in the Liver of Mice Infected with Plasmodium chabaudi
Authors: Aljawdah Hossam M. , Murshed Mutee , Al-Shaebi Esam M. , Mares Mohammed , Ammari Aiman A. , Al-Quraishy Saleh
Published: February 2025

Background: The plants are considered to be living chemical factories responsible for the production of a wide variety of secondary metabolites (SMs). Geographical and ecological differences result in different chemical compositions even within the same plant. Medicinal plants are promising options at antiparasitic. this study aimed to examine the impact of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extracts (ECES) from sandy environments on the histological changes and gene expression caused by Plasmodium chabaudi infection in the liver. Methods: We analyzed E. camaldulensis leaf extracts from sandy habitats using GC mass spectrometry, leading to the anticipated identification of 33 compounds. we determined the suitable dose and We divided the mice into five groups before they were infected with P. chabaudi: Group 1 represents the non-infected control group without treatment; Group 2 is the uninfected treated group that received 100 mg/kg ECES; Group 3 consists of the infected group that received no treatment; Group 4 includes the infected treated group that received 100 mg/kg ECES; and group 5 includes the infected group treated with chloroquine. Result: study has demonstrated that the extract of E. camaldulensis leaves can mitigate the damage to liver tissue resulting from a P. chabaudi infection. Additionally, ECES successfully regulated the expression of liver cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-γ, in mRNA. When the parasite P. chabaudi causes liver injury.
Organic dairy farming in Europe: building on the past to develop the future
Authors:   Aarhus University, Denmark, Vaarst Mette , Whistance Lindsay K. ,   Organic Research Centre, UK, Roderick Stephen ,   Duchy College, UK
Published: February 2025

The founding principles of organic farming (health, ecology, fairness and care) guide the overall ethos of organic farming in an ever-changing environment. Using these principles, this introductory chapter discusses the key environmental, welfare, economic and other challenges facing contemporary organic dairy farming in Europe. It reviews the differing ways these challenges can be addressed, setting the scene for following chapters on specific issues.
An ethical framework for the responsible use of technology in organic dairy farming
Authors:   Harper Adams University, UK, Rose David Christian , Schillings Juliette ,   University College Dublin, Ireland, Keily-Thurstain Eden ,   formerly University of Cambridge, UK
Published: February 2025

Despite its potential benefits, organic farming has a complex relationship with technological innovation which has sometimes been associated with intensive forms of production. This chapter discusses the ways precision and other new technologies can fulfil the core organic values of health, ecology, care and fairness. It outlines a responsible innovation framework in assessing how new technologies meet organic values, based on the principles of inclusion, anticipation, reflexivity and responsiveness. The chapter uses the example of virtual fencing to show how the framework can be used in practice.
Surgical treatment of a patient with a comminuted fracture of the scapula (clinical observations)
Authors: Prokhorov A. A. , Novikov S. V. , Karchebnyy N. N. , Mironov A. N. , Panin M. A. , Petrosyan A. S. , Dubrov V. E.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. A comminuted fracture of the scapula with displacement of bone fragments can cause the development of severe post-traumatic deformation with persistent loss of function of the upper limb. Objective – to present the results of surgical treatment of three patients with various fractures of the scapula. Materials and methods. The analysis of surgical treatment of 3 patients of working age with comminuted fractures of the scapula with a dubious prognosis for the restoration of the function of the upper limb in the case of choosing a conservative treatment strategy was performed. After a preliminary analysis of the computed tomography data, the surgical technique protocol and the choice of implants were determined. Surgical treatment was carried out in the early post-traumatic period. The early postoperative period was uneventful and without complications in all cases. The follow-up period after surgery ranged from 6 weeks to 6 months. Results. In all 3 cases, X-ray consolidation of fractures was noted, the return of the full function of the upper limb. The median on the DASH questionnaire was 11.7 points. Conclusion. Based on the results of the proposed observations, it seems appropriate to evaluate the positive clinical, functional (complete recovery of the function of the upper limb) and radiological results (stable fixation, the process of fracture consolidation), despite a severe injury to the scapula, often leading to a permanent loss of working capacity and significantly limiting normal daily activities.
A clinical case of multifocal fracture combining fracture of the head and diaphysis of the humerus
Authors: Khorak K. I. , Rustamov R. Sh. , Kogan P. G. , Parfeev D. G. , Avdeev A. I. , Morozov A. M.
Published: February 2025

Relevance. According to statistical data, multifocal fractures of the humerus are quite rare, accounting for approximately 6% of all skeletal bone fractures. Fractures of the proximal humerus and diaphysis of the humerus have a bimodal distribution, as they have both high-energy and low-energy mechanisms of injury. The aim of the study is to demonstrate and analyze the technique of surgical treatment of complex fragment fracture of the proximal humerus and diaphysis of the humerus using a clinical case as an example. Object and methods. Patient V., 37 years old on 12.04.2024 sustained an injury to the right humerus as a result of a fall from a bicycle at high speed. He was admitted to the emergency room of the R. R. Vreden Federal State Institution of Medical and Research Centers, where he was diagnosed with a closed splinter fracture of the proximal part and diaphysis of the right humerus with dislocation of the fragments. Results. The present study presents a traumatologic pathology, namely, a complex fragmentary metadiaphyseal fracture combined with a 4-fragment fracture-dislocation of the humeral head with dislocation of the fragments. The radiologic picture of the fracture at different stages of treatment and the technique of surgical intervention with the Philos long plate are described. The period of fusion of this fracture was 6 months. The final functional result was 97 points on the ConstantMurley scale. On the DASH scale - 1 point. When assessing the function of the shoulder joint: flexion – 170 degrees, abduction – 170 degrees, external rotation – 30 degrees, internal rotation – to the level of the lumbar bone. Conclusions. The surgical treatment of fractures involving both the head and diaphysis of the humerus is a subject of debate. The reasons for this are the rarity of this injury and the different mechanism of injury from low-energy to high-energy. Currently, the preference is given to osteosynthesis with the aim of restoring the medial calcaneus of the proximal humerus and reducing the risks of aseptic necrosis of the humeral head.
Current trends in the treatment of complications in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer disease (review of foreign literature)
Authors: Belokonev V. I. , Pushkin S. Yu. , Yadav K. P. , Serov A. A.
Published: February 2025

Relevance. Peptic ulcer disease is a common disease that occurs in 5–10 % of the world population. Despite the sharp decrease in morbidity and hospitalization rates of patients with peptic ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum, for the last 30 years lethality in such patients remains at a high level, and complications occur with a frequency of 10–20 %. Purpose: to present the literature review of foreign researchers devoted to the modern trends of complications treatment in patients with peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer disease. Material and methods. Literature sources in English on this topic in PubMed, MEDUNE, Google Scholar databases were analyzed. The review highlights clinical studies devoted to the treatment of complications of gastric and duodenal ulcer disease: ulcer bleeding, perforative ulcer, and pyloroduodenal stenosis. Conclusion. Complications of gastric and duodenal ulcer disease remain complex therapeutic and surgical problems. Despite the achieved successes, the results of treatment of complications remain unsatisfactory, which requires further study and search for their improvement.
Using a magnetic posture corrector in therapy of somatoform autonomic dysfunction in patients with chronic spinal diseases
Authors: Gafurova R. M. , Makhmudova E. R. , Khabchabov R. G. , Abdullaev A. A. , Islamova U. A. , Anatova A. A. , Dzhanbulatov M. A.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Somatoform autonomic dysfunction (SAD) can aggravate an existing disease or be combined with other mental disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety, and hypochondria). Patients with SVD are accompanied by pain of various localizations, for example: cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory or urogenital, and at the same time they experience pain in the spine. Purpose of the study: To study the therapeutic effects of a magnetic posture corrector in patients with chronic spinal diseases and autonomic disorders. Materials and methods. The study included 107 patients - men n = 61 and women n = 46 aged 18-64 years. All patients were diagnosed with chronic spinal diseases, more often of the cervicothoracic region 69 (64.5%) than the lumbosacral 38 (35.5%) p = 0.278, in most cases deforming lesions of the spine predominated 56 (52.3%) p = 0.175. Many patients had combined pathology of the spine. Patients were tested with the questionnaire of A.M. Vein, and to assess the HRV (heart rate variability), daily electrocardiogram monitoring was performed. The first examination took place on the 3rd-4th day of hospital stay, a repeat (final) examination was performed after 12 months. The division into groups was random (even and odd numbers as they were admitted), the 1st group (main) included n = 54 patients who received a magnetic posture corrector, the 2nd (control) group n = 53, correctors without magnets. The total time of wearing the corset was no more than 6 hours per day. Results. After 12 months of the study, the HRV indicators were restored in the main group; SDNN by 58.9% (p = 0.091), SDANN by 35.1% (p = 0.084), RMSSD by 55.4% (p = 0.172) and pNN50 by 44.9% (p = 0.042), indicating the restoration of the activity of the vegetative balance. Almost the same changes in the spectral indices of the sympathetic link LF and VLF to the parasympathetic HF, with the restoration of the LF/HF index by 45.7% (p = 0.012). In the control group, the SDNN, SDANN, RMSSD and pNN50 indices, both initially had low standard values, and at the end of the study practically did not improve. Conclusions. Our study revealed that the use of a magnetic posture corrector helps to reduce vegetative disorders in patients with chronic spinal diseases. Wearing a magnetic posture corrector for 12 months stabilizes the autonomic nervous system, which is reflected in the improvement of heart rate variability. These changes are confirmed by the questionnaire of A.M. Vein; in the group of patients who wore a magnetic posture corrector, at the end of the study, the number of patients with severe autonomic dysfunction significantly decreased from 38.9% to 20.4%, p < 0.05. Accordingly, the number of patients with no VD increased from 14.8% to 35.2%, p < 0.05.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance perfusion of the brain in children with craniosynostosis
Authors: Lukin M. V. , Filin Ya. A. , Zvezdin A. V. , Beregovskiy D. A. , Efimtsev A. Yu. , Trufanov G. E.
Published: February 2025

Craniosynostosis is the premature closure of cranial sutures, leading to skull deformation, cranio-cerebral disproportion, and potentially resulting in the development of intracranial hypertension, persistent neurological, and cognitive impairments. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) complemented by dynamic contrast-enhanced MR perfusion, allows for a detailed assessment of intracardiac structures, as well as evaluation of cerebral blood flow parameters in areas of suspected brain compression in children with craniosynostosis. Purpose of the study: еvaluate cerebral blood flow parameters (CBV and CBF) in children with craniosynostosis using contrast-enhanced dynamic MR perfusion in the preoperative stage. Object and methods. Forty-eight children with various types of craniosynostosis were examined: 10 (20%) had sagittal suture synostosis, 15 (31%) had metopic suture synostosis, 9 (19%) had unilateral coronal suture synostosis, 6 (13%) had bicoronal synostosis, 2 (4%) had lambdoid synostosis, and 6 (13%) had involvement of all sutures. Color perfusion maps of CBF and CBV were constructed using the syngo.via system (Siemens). Results. According to MR perfusion data, in areas of compression (frontal lobes) relative rCBV and rCBF indices in metopic craniosynostosis were 88.3 ± 24.6% and 85.5 ± 19.6% respectively, compared to the occipito-parietal regions. In cases of unilateral coronal synostosis, in the compression zone (ipsilateral frontal lobe) relative to the contralateral frontal lobe, they were 95.3 ± 3.1% (rCBV) and 93.1 ± 2.2% (rCBF), and relative to the occipital lobes, 84.4 ± 5.2% (rCBV) and 87.3 ± 8.2% (rCBF). In cases of bicoronal synostosis, in the frontal lobes they were 86.2 ± 19.7% (rCBV) and 86.4 ± 14.7% (rCBF) relative to the occipito-parietal regions. In cases of sagittal suture closure, in the temporal lobes relative to the frontal and occipital lobes, they were 99.1 ± 3.2% (rCBV) and 98.1±2.4% (rCBF).
Parental social class and home-leaving in Italy: A changing landscape with persistent inequalities
Authors: Brini Elisa , Corti Giulia , Zanasi Francesca , Alderotti Giammarco
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study explores the relationship between family background and home-leaving behaviour in Italy, focusing on how parental social class influences the timing and destinations (education, cohabitation, marriage, or autonomy) of home-leaving across three cohorts of women and men born between 1939 and 1998.
Background: Italians tend to leave home late, and the age at which young adults leave their parental homes has been rising since the 1980s, raising concerns about shifting demographic patterns and broader societal impacts.
Method: Using retrospective data from the ISTAT Multipurpose Survey on Families and Social Subjects (2009 and 2016), we apply event history analysis techniques.
Results: The general delay in home-leaving has narrowed parental social class differences among women. However, for men, this delay is concentrated in higher social classes, leading to a widening class gap. Over time, parental social class differences in home-leaving destinations, particularly living with parents, marriage, and autonomy, have generally levelled out. Daughters from higher socioeconomic backgrounds increasingly leave home for education, while cohabitation remains uncommon. Similar trends are observed among men, though sons of agricultural workers have become less likely to stay with their parents and more likely to leave for marriage or autonomy.
Conclusion: The findings emphasize the ongoing influence of parental social class on home-leaving destinations, highlighting its continued role in shaping the transition to adulthood in Italy.
Adolescentes com Anemia Falciforme Submetidos ao Transplante de Células-Tronco: Significados Atribuídos ao Adoecimento e Tratamento
Authors: Accoroni Aline Guerrieri , Lotério Lucas dos Santos , Santos Manoel Antônio dos , Oliveira-Cardoso Érika Arantes de
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Anemia falciforme (AF) é uma doença hematológica genética que tem como único tratamento com perspectiva curativa o Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas (TCTH). Objetivo: Compreender os significados atribuídos ao adoecimento e tratamento por adolescentes com AF submetidos ao TCTH. Método: Estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. A amostra de conveniência foi composta por oito pacientes adolescentes. Foi utilizada entrevista semidirigida aplicada individualmente, audiogravada e transcrita na íntegra. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática reflexiva. Resultados: Foram elaboradas três categorias temáticas: Convivendo com a doença (dificuldades em lidar com as restrições da AF); Sobrevivendo ao transplante (decisão de realizar o transplante e dificuldades vivenciadas na enfermaria); e Vivendo no pós-transplante (retomando as atividades e melhora na qualidade de vida). Discussão: A decisão de se submeter ao transplante foi pautada na expectativa de cura e/ou de suspensão dos tratamentos convencionais. As maiores dificuldades enfrentadas no período de hospitalização se relacionam à necessidade de se submeter ao isolamento protetor na enfermaria, com restrição do contato social e descontinuidade da vida escolar. Após o transplante, os adolescentes conseguem retomar gradualmente algumas das atividades interrompidas e resgatam planos para o futuro. Conclusão: De modo geral, o tratamento foi dimensionado como uma experiência positiva, a despeito dos riscos e percalços vivenciados em seu percurso. No planejamento das intervenções de saúde, a equipe multiprofissional deve considerar os eventos estressores relacionados ao momento do diagnóstico, à tomada de decisão pelo transplante, às limitações vivenciadas na enfermaria e à reinserção social pós-TCTH.
Vivência de Racismo Institucional por Mulheres Negras em Serviços de Saúde
Authors: Souza Sueleen Thaísa Henrique de , Castro Ana Catarine Guimarães , Fernandes Flávia Emília Cavalcante Valença , Pereira Rejane Cristiany Lins de França , Santos Joebson Maurilio Alves dos , Melo Rosana Alves de
Published: February 2025

Introdução: O principal determinante da saúde de mulheres negras é o racismo institucional, presente nos próprios serviços de saúde. Para combatê-lo, é necessário entender as condições de vida, saúde e violência a partir das perspectivas de mulheres negras. Objetivo: analisar a percepção de mulheres negras sobre desigualdades raciais na busca por atendimento de saúde em unidades de saúde. Método: Estudo descritivo-exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 13 mulheres autodeclaradas pardas ou pretas; maiores de 18 anos, associadas ou voluntárias da Associação de Mulheres Rendeiras; ou que frequentavam os Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, nas instituições ou por meio digital, sendo os dados analisados e interpretados mediante a Análise do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: Foram construídos dois Discursos do Sujeito Coletivo: “Entendimentos de Racismo Institucional” e “Percepções e Vivências de Racismo Institucional na Saúde”, que permitiram traçar caminhos entre teoria e realidade, comprovando a compreensão de racismo institucional na saúde por mulheres negras e a dificuldade delas em identificá-lo nas suas próprias vivências. Conclusões: Dessa forma, percebe-se a existência do racismo nos serviços de saúde, acompanhado de um silêncio que exacerba as situações de racismo institucional, as quais necessitam urgentemente ser reconhecidas e denunciadas para serem efetivamente combatidas.
Editorial
Authors: Equipe Editorial
Published: February 2025

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Legal Protection of Geographical Indication of Salak Sidimpuan in South Tapanuli District North Sumatera
Authors: Arieza Cahya Putri
Published: February 2025

This research aims to know and understand the permission to use Geographical Indications of Salak Sidimpuan for salak farmers when registering with the South Tapanuli Regional Government and the legal remedies taken if salak farmers in other regions want to register Geographical Indications of Salak Sidimpuan. The type of research used is normative legal research. The efforts made by the South Tapanuli Regency government are only limited to maintaining the reputation of Salak Sidimpuan as protection for cooperatives in the field of salak fruit processing. Even though Salak Sidempuan qualifies as a Geographical Indication product as stated in article 6 of PP No. 51 of 2007. In the form of preventive protection, Salak Sidimpuan must first be registered with the DJKI in order to obtain legal protection. Repressive forms of protection are carried out by non-litigation channels that can be carried out through arbitration or alternative dispute resolution.
Pengalihan Kewenangan Tenaga Medis Kepada Beauty Therapist Dalam Praktik Klinik Kecantikan
Authors: Sampoerna Ola Mehira
Published: February 2025

This article discusses beauty clinics, which offer health services related to dermatology or the science of skin care. In today’s globalized era, many beauty clinics have emerged, particularly in Indonesia. This research investigates the delegation of authority that occurs in beauty clinics between medical professionals and beauty therapists who perform beauty treatments on clients. It also explores who is responsible for beauty treatments if any harm or unwanted consequences occur to the client. The research uses two approaches: a legal approach that examines relevant laws and a conceptual approach that studies the principles and doctrines used to address legal issues. The findings show that delegating authority from medical professionals to beauty therapists can be done, but specific regulations must be followed. Medical professionals are responsible for the delegated authority. However, if a beauty therapist performs actions beyond their delegated authority, they can be held accountable if their actions are negligent and harm the client. Delegation of authority may involve a transfer of responsibility from the medical professional to the beauty therapist. In this case, if the beauty therapist’s negligence causes harm to the client, they may be held criminally liable or liable according to the regulations governing their profession as a health worker
Double-Lumen vs Small-Bore Pigtail Catheter for Pleural Effusion: Which is Superior?
Authors: Siagian Novi Andriani , Soeroso Noni Novisari , Bihar Syamsul , Ashar Taufik
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Pleural effusion is associated with a high mortality rate. Tube thoracostomy remains the standard treatment. Despite this, double-lumen catheters, typically used for central venous access, are infrequently employed for pleural drainage. This study compared the characteristics of patients undergoing double-lumen catheter versus pigtail catheter placements for pleural effusion.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on adult patients at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, and St. Elisabeth Hospital, Medan, from September 2022 to April 2024. This study analyzed patient demographics and clinical presentations for those receiving either catheter type.
Results: The mean age of patients with double-lumen catheters was 58.21 years old, while those with pigtail catheters averaged 54.9 years old. Patients with double-lumen catheters frequently presented with a combination of shortness of breath, cough, and chest pain, while those with pigtail catheters primarily reported shortness of breath. Both groups predominantly exhibited exudative pleural effusions. Radiological evaluations indicated moderate pleural effusion was most common in both groups, with thoracic ultrasound revealing fluid volumes between 500 and 2,000 cc.
Conclusion: Double-lumen catheters are more frequently utilized for moderate to massive pleural effusion, whereas pigtail catheters are typically reserved for moderate cases. The choice of catheter depends on the patient's condition, the underlying cause of the effusion, and radiological findings.
Overcoming drug resistance in castrate-resistant prostate cancer: current mechanisms and emerging therapeutic approaches
Authors: Khorasanchi Adam , Hong Feng , Yang Yuanquan , Singer Eric A. , Wang Peng , Li Mingjia , Zheng Linghua , Monk Paul , Mortazavi Amir , Meng Lingbin
Published: February 2025

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is driven by a complex network of resistance mechanisms against standard-of-care therapies, resulting in poor long-term outcomes. This review offers a uniquely comprehensive and integrative perspective on these resistance pathways, systematically examining both androgen receptor (AR)-dependent factors (including AR overexpression, point mutations, glucocorticoid receptor signaling, splice variants, post-translational modifications, altered coregulators, and intratumoral hormone biosynthesis) and AR-independent pathways (such as neuroendocrine differentiation, lineage plasticity, and alternative growth factor signaling). We also highlight resistance mechanisms influencing immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiopharmaceutical therapy and targeted therapy. By synthesizing emerging insights across these domains, this review not only clarifies the underlying biology of mCRPC resistance but also identifies key leverage points for more effective interventions. Building on this foundation, we propose a forward-looking framework for overcoming mCRPC drug resistance, emphasizing the importance of biomarker-guided patient selection, combination strategies that simultaneously target multiple resistance mechanisms, and novel therapies under investigation. These recommendations are intended to guide future clinical trial designs and research priorities that move beyond incremental improvements. Ultimately, this comprehensive synthesis aims to serve as a resource for clinicians and researchers to accelerate the development of durable, precision-based treatment strategies in mCRPC.
Detectability of Chiari Malformation and Other Craniovertebral Junction Anomalies Using Computed Tomography
Authors: Mikhailova M. N. , Kostrova O Yu. , Svyatochevskiy P. A. , Merkulova L. M. , Struchko G. Yu. , Pavlov Yu. I. , Semenov A. Yu.
Published: February 2025

Background. Due to development of new diagnostic technologies, craniovertebral junction anomalies have begun to be detected more frequently. The most clinically significant is the Chiari malformation (CM), or Arnold–Chiari anomaly.

Objective: to analyze the incidence of various types of CM, Kimmerle anomaly (KA) and other craniovertebral anomalies, assess its dependence on craniometric parameters according to the protocols of radiological studies and neurosurgical department data for 5 years.

Material and methods. The results of computed tomography (CT) and Doppler ultrasound performed in patients of the Republican Clinical Hospital (Chuvash Republic) in 2017–2021 were studied. Craniometry was carried out using CT data, and the incidence of craniovertebral anomalies was assessed depending on skull shape. Discharge reports of patients from the neurosurgical department were analyzed for the same period.

Results. According to CT results, detection rate for CM causing hospitalization in the neurosurgical department was 7.6–7.8 cases per year. CM was 1.5–3 times more common in female patients, but in males it manifested at a younger age. The likelihood of this pathology was highest in persons with brachycephalic scull. CM was combined with other anomalies of skull and spine bone structure (platybasia, basilar impression, spina bifida posterior) in 18.4% of observations, and with KA in 31% of cases. Surgical decompression of craniovertebral junction was required in 77% of patients, 2/3 of which had signs of syringomyelia.

Conclusion. CM is more often found in female patients, however, its clinical manifestations, which cause hospitalization in neurosurgical department, occur in males at a younger, most able-bodied age. The likelihood of detecting this anomaly is higher in patients with brachycrania. In almost half of CM patients, it may be combined with other craniovertebral junction anomalies, most commonly with KA.
The "Story of Barlaam and Josaphat" and the Bookish Script in the Beginning of the 15th Century
Authors: Korogodina M. V.
Published: February 2025

The Story of Barlaam and Josaphat is one of the most popular Middle Age texts. The legend is known in different languages, including several Slavic translations. The Bulgarian translation of the Story is dated the 14th century. It comes to Rus’ no later than the beginning of the 15th century as the oldest copy of the Bulgarian translation of the Story is dated by this time (Russian Academy of Sciences Library, the collection of Pavel Dobrochotov, Ms 37). This manuscript staid in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania for a long time. There is a question if the codex was written in Lithuanian territories, or it was brought there from the Muscovite State. There are some unusual features in the manuscript, as writing a half of the letter on the edge of the line or cinnabaric letters in the middle of the word. One can meet the same features in the Russian North-West manuscripts made in different centers, from Pskov to Belozerie. This let us to suppose that the oldest copy of Bulgarian translation of the Story of Barlaam and Josaphat was written in the Russian North-West region and was brought in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 15th – 16th centuries.
Historical Corpus of Medieval Slavic Manuscripts “Manuscript” as a Research Internet Resource (Quantitative and Statistical Characteristics of the Nouns bran’ and rat’)
Authors: Baranov V. A.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to issues concerning use of textual data of the historical corpus Manuscript (www.manuscripts.ru), containing transcriptions of medieval Slavic manuscripts of the 10th–15th centuries, in historical and linguistic studies. The capabilities of the corpus manager modules for extracting and visualizing linguistic units and their primary analysis are demonstrated. Special attention is paid to obtaining quantitative and statistical information about the distribution and compatibility of words. The main part of the article is devoted to a new module of the corpus – a distributive dictionary designed to automatically identify words that are semantically similar in their semantics. The word2vec method became the basis of the dictionary procedures. The parameters of the search settings (selection of subcorpus, type of unit of analysis, quantitative or statistical evaluation of joint occurrence, etc.) and visualization of the result (number of analogues, magnitude of cosine distance, list, graph) allow us to solve various problems related to the study of lexical semantics in medieval Slavic texts. Quantitative and statistical characteristics of the words bran’ and rat’ are used as illustrative material.
Arabic-Christian Manuscripts of the Archimandrite Antonin (A. I. Kapustin) Collection in the National Library of Russia
Authors: Vasileva O. V.
Published: February 2025

Archimandrite Antonin (Andrei Ivanovich Kapustin; 1817–1894), a native of Baturino village in Perm province, a graduate of Kiev Theological academy, from 1865 up till his death was in charge of the Russian Orthodox mission in Jerusalem. He could gather a huge collection of manuscripts which, according to his testament, was sold to the Imperial Public Library in St. Petersburg (National Library of Russia of today). At the moment not less than 1301 items of his collection are kept in several funds of the Manuscript Department, namely, 47 Greek, 21 Slavonic, 1 Syriac, not less than 57 Arabic, 4 Armenian, 2 Ethiopian handwritten books and 1 Mongolian document, as well as 1168 Hebrew scrolls, codices, fragments and documents which composed a separate fund.The article is dedicated to the complex of 45 Arabic-Christian manuscripts datable to the XI–XIX centuries, which include Biblical texts, liturgy, and theology, mostly translated from the Greek language. The collection gives a good opportunity for a study of the Arabic-Christian manuscripts’ textology, paleography, codicology and the history of the book in Levant.
Caregivers’ role in the improvement of clinical outcome in patients with advanced abdominal cancer in home care
Authors: Noskova Irina , Karaiskos Ioannis , Peppas Georgos , Charalampopoulos Ilias , Spiliotis John
Published: February 2025

Background: Cancer, once regarded as a fatal disease, is now managed like a chronic illness thanks to improved treatments. More patients receive home care, particularly those with advanced abdominal cancer, where caregivers play a critical role in symptom management and clinical outcomes. Caregivers are instrumental in managing symptoms, improving quality of life, and supporting clinical outcomes. However, they often lack proper training and hence face significant emotional, physical, and logistical challenges. Patients and methods: This study employed a longitudinal observational design, examining a cohort of 300 patients with advanced abdominal cancer and their caregivers (n = 200) over a 10-year period. Data were collected through unstructured interviews conducted biweekly. The study received ethical approval from the OncoSurgery Committee, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. Results: The results indicate that 72% of caregivers were female, with 29.5% aged 41–50. Caregivers assisted with various tasks, including nutrition (62%), mobility (80%), and pain management (92%). Challenges included severe patient pain (57%) and moderate pain (79%) during daily activities like dressing. Depression in patients increased from 21% post-discharge to 44% after 6 weeks. Caregivers also experienced anxiety, with 78% requesting hospital readmission during the final week due to concerns over patient weight loss (34%) and pain management (17%). Conclusions: Caregivers play an essential role in managing patients with advanced abdominal cancer in home care settings. However, they face numerous challenges related to pain management, nutrition, emotional support, and daily care. Continuous caregiver education and support are critical to improving patient outcomes and caregiver well-being.
Biliary tract cancers: a descriptive study in the population treated at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS) between 2009 and 2021
Authors: Jiao Belinda , Malick Mandy , Lemaire-Paquette Samuel , Lefrançois Frédérique , Beaudoin Annie
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are associated with a poor prognosis and a lack of standardized management guidelines in Canada, resulting in variable care influenced by age, ethnicity, and region. This study analyzes BTC demographics, diagnostics, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Quebec. Methods: A retrospective study from 2009 to 2021 included patients aged 18 and older diagnosed with carcinoma-type BTCs and treated at the CHUS. Results: A total of 218 patients were included in our study. The median age at diagnosis was 70.7 years, with 48.6% being male and 51.4% being female. In our population, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas were the most frequently diagnosed (31.7%), followed by intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (29.8%), gallbladder carcinomas (19.7%), and Ampulla of Vater cancers (16.1%). Identifiable risk factors were very rare. Computed tomography (CT) scans were the primary diagnostic tool (98.1%). Surgical resection was performed in 35.3% of patients, and 40.4% received chemotherapy. The median overall survival was 10.2 months, with a 1-year survival rate of 46%. Patients with Ampulla of Vater cancer had the longest median survival at 55 months. Surgical resection improved overall survival for all biliary tract cancer subtypes, reaching 52 months. Conclusions: BTC patients at CHUS show diverse demographics and cancer types, mirroring national trends. Early detection and surgical treatment enhance survival. Ongoing research is essential to improve BTC management and explore its complex causes.
Defensive Adaptations and Paleoecology of Ankylosaurus: Insights into the Armor and Lifestyle of a Cretaceous Armored Dinosaur
Authors: Hu Tyler
Published: February 2025

Ankylosaurus stands as a quintessential example of Cretaceous armored dinosaurs, renowned for its formidable defensive adaptations. This study explores the defensive mechanisms and paleoecology of Ankylosaurus, focusing on its unique armor and lifestyle. Through detailed morphological analysis of fossil specimens, we examine the structure and function of the robust osteoderms and the prominent tail club, evaluating their roles in defense against predators. The distribution and arrangement of these defensive features suggest a sophisticated strategy to deter and survive attacks from contemporary theropods. Additionally, we investigate the paleoenvironmental context of Ankylosaurus, assessing how its habitat and ecological interactions influenced its evolutionary adaptations. Comparative analysis with other ankylosaurids and contemporaneous species provides insights into the evolutionary pressures shaping its armor. Our findings highlight the balance between offensive and defensive strategies in the Late Cretaceous ecosystem, underscoring the role of Ankylosaurus as both a well-protected herbivore and a critical component of its ecological niche. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of armored dinosaurs and their interaction with their environment, offering a comprehensive perspective on the adaptations that defined Ankylosaurus' survival strategy.
The Symmetry Number Structure about Line-1/2
Authors: Liu Yajun
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we discuss the symmetry number structure about line-1/2 . We find that using the symmetry characters of those structures we can give proofs of the number Conjectures: Goldbach Conjecture、Twins Prime Conjecture and Polignac’s conjecture and the Riemann Hypothesis. In this paper, we also gave concise proofs of the Fermat’ Last Theorem and the 3n+1 conjecture.
Portugal’s Wattle and Daub Constructive Legacy
Authors: Soares Kátia , Torres Isabel , Velosa Ana Luísa
Published: February 2025

The commitment to technical and scientific innovation for appropriate interventions in buildings with wattle and daub walls requires a comprehensive and authentic approach to pre-existing structures. This involves an in-depth study of traditional heritage, aiming for durable, sustainable, and economically viable repair solutions. Most studies on wattle and daub constructions have focused on Northern Portugal, given the prevalence of this building technique in the region. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the presence and specific characteristics of these structures in the Central and Southern regions of mainland Portugal, as well as in the Autonomous Regions of the Azores and Madeira. This research broadens the geographical scope, encompassing the analysis of 30 buildings, providing complementary data to existing literature and contributing to a broader understanding of the structural and functional behaviour of wattle and daub walls. The information obtained about traditional materials and construction methods is essential to guide interventions that respect the historical and cultural character of the buildings, while also promoting sustainability and economic feasibility. The results confirmed the presence of wattle and daub constructions in the various areas investigated, highlighting significant diversity in the materials used, both in the timber structures and in the infill and rendering mortars. This variability was observed not only between regions with similar characteristics but also in buildings within the same locality, reflecting local adaptations and the richness of traditional craftsmanship. These findings provide a solid foundation for future interventions and encourage the appreciation of the cultural heritage associated with this construction technique.
Comparing Effects of the Proximity to Tree Trunks on Soil Nutrients and Fluorescence Spectral Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Carbon: A Case-Study of the Daqinggou National Nature Reserve in Southeastern Inner Mongolia
Authors: Fan Zhiping , Lin Litao , Sun Xuekai , Ai Guiyan , Ai Guiyan , Bai Jie , Shi Jiawen , Shi Wendi
Published: February 2025

Vegetation restorations are crucial strategies for combating land degradation, yet their mechanisms on improving soil quality, especially from perspective of soil fertility, remain far from clear. Sparse trees in semi-arid savanna grasslands (i.e., climate communities) offer a provoking reference for vegetation restoration. Here, taking advantage of Ulmus macrocarpa Hance fertile islands of the savanna ecosystem in the Daqinggou National Nature Reserve, this study aimed to investigate the vertical and horizontal distribution patterns of soil physicochemical properties and DOC fluorescence spectral characteristics. Results showed that soil organic carbon (SOC) and DOC were significantly decreased with both the increasing distance from tree and increasing soil depth. Horizontal and vertical treatments significantly enhanced fluorescence intensities of DOC. Additionally, the soil under canopy exhibited slightly richer concentrations of NH4+–N, NO3––N, TN, and TP at topsoil compared with deep soils. The SOC, TN, TP, NH4+–N, and NO3––N showed significantly positive relationships with the DOC. The study provides evidence that trees can form fertile island effects and enhance soil nutrients and DOC. These results are vital for guiding vegetation restoration degraded ecosystem in semi-arid area.
Proactive Maintenance of Pump Systems Operating In the Mining Industry – a Systematic Review
Authors: Werbinska-Wojciechowska Sylwia , Rogowski Rafal
Published: February 2025

Recently, there has been a growing interest in issues related to mining equipment maintenance, with particular importance on pumping systems' continuous operation. However, despite wide applications of pump systems maintenance in a wide range of industries, such as water and wastewater, aviation, petrochemical, building (HVAC system), and nuclear power plants, the literature on maintenance of pump systems operating in the mining industry still needs development. This study aims to review the existing literature to present an up-to-date analysis in this field and to investigate the potential and challenges of maintenance performance of mining pumps. The proposed methodology includes a systematic literature review with the use of the Primo multi-search tool, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The selection criteria focused on English studies published between 2005 and 2024, resulting in 88 highly relevant papers. These papers were categorized into six groups: (a) condition/health status monitoring, (b) dewatering system operation and maintenance, (c) health diagnosis and prognosis, (d) intelligent mining (modern technologies), (e) maintenance management, and (f) operational efficiency and reliability optimization. A notable strength of this study is its use of diverse scientific databases facilitated by the multi-search tool. Additionally, a bibliometric analysis was performed, showcasing the evolution of research on pump maintenance in the mining sector over the past decade and identifying key areas such as predictive diagnostics, dewatering system optimization, and intelligent maintenance management. This study highlights the varied levels of research and practical implementation across industries, emphasizing the mining sector's unique challenges and opportunities. Significant research gaps were identified, including the need for tailored diagnostic tools, real-time monitoring systems, and cost-effective maintenance strategies specific to harsh mining environments. Future research directions are proposed, focusing on advancing predictive maintenance technologies, integrating intelligent systems, and enhancing operational efficiency and reliability. The study concludes with a detailed discussion of the findings and their implications, offering a roadmap for innovations in pump maintenance within the mining industry.