bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ELIMINATION NEED
Authors: Prasanjit Biswas Mr.
Published: June 2024

Urination is the process by which the urinary bladder is emptied and it involves the kidneys, ureters and bladder for the elimination process. Urine is composed of majorly water, i.e. 96%. The rest 4% are organic and inorganic compounds. There are various factors that affect the process of urination and due to which there are evident of alterations in the urination process. These alterations are retention and incontinence. Nurses play a significant role in various procedures such as providing bedpan to a patient, inserting catheter or condom drainage. Elimination of bowel contents take place through the digestive system, after the important electrolytes and water is reabsorbed in the large bowel. 3/4th of feces is composed of water and 1/4th of it consists solid waste. There are a number of factors, which affect the elimination process. Constipation is a condition in which the frequency of defecation is reduced and the stool becomes hard and dry. This can be caused due to many reasons. Diarrhea is a condition in which an individual passess watery stool. Also the frequency is increased. This condition is opposite to that of constipation. Flatulence is the accumulation of gaseous contents in the GI tract. Nurses take part in the procedures which facilitate bowel elimination. These procedures can be passing of flatus tube, enema, suppositories, bowel wash, diversion ostomies or the digital evacuation of the feces.
ETHNOBOTANY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY: FROM TRADITION TO MODERN ASPECTS
Authors: TandonTandon Krati , Kumar Ashok , Katiyar S. K.
Published: June 2024

Biotechnology boasts a wide array of applications, with a particular focus on Medicine and agriculture. The investigation of plants and the identification of natural compounds through ethnopharmacology, coupled with advanced analytical techniques, remain pivotal in the ongoing pursuit of characterizing and confirming potential drug candidates. The scientific study of traditional plant knowledge, or ethnobotany, has been crucial in the development of several therapeutics. However, the development and study of these treatments—whether they take the form of monoclonal antibodies or synergistic combinations—have proven challenging. Currently, advancements in analytical instruments, metabolic engineering, and bioreactor technology are enhancing these treatments' scientific understanding, production, and manipulation. Medicinal plants serve as the primary provider of life-saving medications for most of the global population, secondary metabolites derived from plants are vital constituents in numerous industries., including pharmaceuticals, perfumes, dyes, food additives, and pesticides, contributing significantly to the economy. Biotechnological instruments have a crucial function in the choice, growth, enhancement, and examination of medicinal plants. Microbial cells or chemical synthesis cannot match the abundant and stable supply of valuable therapeutic compounds, tastes, fragrances, and colors that plant cell culture methods offer. Many medicinal plants have successfully demonstrated the in-vitro synthesis of secondary metabolites in plant cell suspension cultures, and bioreactors are a key component in the advancement of plant biotechnology's ability to produce these chemicals on an industrial scale. Genetic transformation, especially utilizing Agrobacterium tumefaciens, serves as a potent method for increasing the production of novel secondary metabolites. Combinatorial biosynthesis offers an alternative strategy for creating new natural products and manufacturing rare and expensive compounds found in nature. DNA microarrays and other DNA profiling methods are useful high-throughput instruments for the simultaneous investigation of many genes and the measurement of gene expression levels. These techniques provide important new understandings of metabolic pathways, regulatory mechanisms, and general cellular activities
MICROBIAL ENGINEERING: A FUTURISTIC APPROACH FOR PRODUCTION OF SUSTAINABLE BIOFUELS
Authors: Thakur Smriti , Joshi Dr. Amit , Kushwaha Dr. Vikas
Published: June 2024

The vitality of the economy is tightly connected to energy. As economies grow and populations increase the demand, for energy continues to rise. Finding alternatives to fuels has become a priority especially in addressing climate change ensuring energy security and working towards a more sustainable future. It is crucial to shift from fuels to options to tackle the challenges posed by increasing energy demand and environmental degradation. The need for alternatives becomes more important when considering the projected energy requirements in the coming decades with China and India playing a significant role in this increase. Where different microorganisms work together towards a common goal. To maximize the impact of biofuels, the range of raw materials used in next-generation biofuels should be expanded, and biofuel production should eventually use either substrates that result in a net increase in global CO2 fixation or carbon that is released as greenhouse gases. As a result, the development of next-generation biofuels should take into consideration the emissions caused by the usage of land to grow and harvest biomass, the impact on biodiversity, and the increased manufacturing costs. Overall, the prospects of microbial engineering are promising, offering significant advancements in biofuel production and contributing to a greener and more sustainable energy future. In conclusion transitioning towards biofuels isn't just an option; it's a necessity, for building a resilient and environmentally conscious future of energy
SCREENING AND IMMOBILIZATION OF HOOGHLY RIVER-BORNE BACTERIA FOR NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS NUTRIENTS REMOVAL FROM WASTE WATER
Authors: Dalui Susmita , Saha Soma Pal
Published: June 2024

Hooghly river water samples from ten different sites were tested for pH, nitrate and orthophosphate, total microbial load and MPN index. Alarming MPN index showed by the samples where excessively high phosphate and nitrate content were recorded, i.e. from Belur, Bishnupur, Garia. High microbial load with good number of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) was attributed by Dimond harbour and Howrah samples. However, most efficient strain BP02 with high phosphate solubilizing index (PSI:0.78) and nitrate reducing capacity (NRC) had been isolated from Bishnupur water sample. On the basis of morphology and biochemical features, the strain was tentatively grouped as a member of Pseudomonads. The strain BP02 attained its peak for phosphatase enzyme synthesis at 35h of its growth (stationary phase) using inoculum 2% (v/v). Experiments for pH and temperature optima determination with crude enzyme (culture supernatant) showed pH 4.0 and 300C is the most suitable conditions for its activity. Freshly grown cells of strain BP02 was taken for immobilization in calcium alginate bead. Immobilized beads with metabolically active cells of BP02 resulted in high degree of phosphate solubilization, and it is more than 10 units of acid phosphatase when kept in p-NPP (10mM) for 10min at 300C.One unit of phosphatase enzyme was defined as 0.01 µg/ml of p-NP formation from the substrate p-NPP per minute. The same set of beads showed NRC with high intensity even for repeated cycles of activity. Therefore, application of immobilized BP02 cells bead for waste treatment could be one of the best stable and eco-friendly alternative.
CARDIAC BIOENGINEERING
Authors: Arasiprabu Dr. Maruvoor , Chithradevi Dr. B.S.
Published: June 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent decades, cardiac bioengineering has emerged as a promising field with the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of CVDs. This abstract provides an overview of the advancements made in cardiac bioengineering, highlights the challenges faced by researchers, and discusses the future prospects of this rapidly evolving discipline. The future of cardiac bioengineering holds immense potential. Researchers are actively exploring novel approaches to enhance vascularization, such as integrating microvascular networks within the engineered tissues. Advancements in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology have opened new avenues for personalized medicine, enabling the derivation of patient-specific cardiac cells for transplantation. Integration of nanotechnology and gene editing techniques offers the possibility of targeted delivery of therapeutic agents and manipulation of cellular functions. Additionally, the advent of artificial intelligence and machine learning can aid in the identification of optimal biomaterials, cell types, and culture conditions for bioengineering cardiac tissues.
THE ROLE OF SERINE/THREONINE PROTEIN KINASES OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN DISEASE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Singh Diwakar Kumar
Published: June 2024

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes TB, is a serious global health problem. Protein kinases are essential for controlling many cellular functions, including the induction of immune response to pathogens. Now a day TB strains that are getting more and more drug resistant is a significant public health concern. The physiological function of the kinases may help to comprehend the signalling networks underlying the TB infection. Finding novel pharmacological targets that are crucial for the in vivo bacterial survival and persistence is essential for treating TB successfully. In M. tuberculosis, phosphorylation-based signalling cascades that are controlled by serine/threonine protein kinases and phosphatases that are similar to those found in eukaryotes translate extracellular cues into cellular responses that lead to the pathogen's proliferation, persistence, and disease. The M. tuberculosis genome encodes two-component systems, 11 Serine Threonine Protein Kinases (STPKs), 1 Ser/Thr phosphatase, 1 Tyrosine Kinase, and 2 Tyrosine Phosphates regulate the signalling pathways in MTB. By examining these molecules' potential as targets for therapeutic intervention and the management of diseases, these studies will close a knowledge gap.
MEDICINAL PLANTS WITH ANTIBACTERIAL AND WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY: A REVIEW
Authors: Lalthansangi C , Lalremtluangi RK , Lalhmingliani Esther , Vabeiryureilai M
Published: June 2024

The rising prevalence of drug-resistant diseases necessitates the identification and isolation of novel bioactive components from medicinal plants utilizing standardized modern analytical methods. Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms that occur during normal wound healing has progressed significantly. Wound healing, whether accidental or surgical, necessitates the complex interactions of blood cells, soluble mediators, tissues, cytokines, and a plethora of growth factors. The fundamental goal of wound therapy is to either reduce the amount of time necessary for healing or to limit the negative outcomes. Because of the presence of various essential active phytoconstituents, plants have immense potential for wound management and therapy. Plants have a solid reputation in the field of wound treatment and repair due to their long history of use, low cost, and safety, but actual proof supporting their wound healing capabilities is lacking. Healing is a survival strategy that attempts to preserve normal anatomical structure and function. Through several mechanisms of action, phytochemicals are known to have potential antibacterial and wound-healing effects against susceptible and resistant microorganisms. Furthermore, various challenges and problems must be overcome in order to generate new antimicrobials and wound healing characteristics from plant extracts, while efforts have been undertaken to improve the antibacterial and wound healing activity of chemical compounds. In this review, we made an effort to shed light on the numerous plants that may be useful in therapeutic treatment because of their potential antibacterial and wound-healing properties.
VIRTUAL REALITY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
Authors: Suganya Dr. N. , Priya Mrs. M. Banu , R P Mr. Aravinthan , K Mr. Mohana Krishnan , S Mr. Nandha Kumar
Published: June 2024

This chapter is about experiencing a computer generated 3D environment that allows the users/buyers a real time future experience. They can visually tour their infrastructure well in advance even before the start of construction. Conventionally as of now, we have to depend/rely on floor plans and photographs to get the imaginary sense to the property to be constructed. Overcoming this limitation, Virtual reality will allow the buyers to walk through the rooms, look and interact with the property as a real experience virtually. This level of VR immersion will make it a game changer in the field of real estate, customer experience, satisfaction and decision making. This shall promote and benefit the home buying process with a huge savings in time and money. VR tour of houses shall revolutionize in choosing the right property for the buyers.
SELECTION OF ZERO-COST REACTIVE MATERIAL FOR PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIERS: NEURAL NETWORKS ADOPTABILITY
Authors: B Guru Prasad
Published: June 2024

The selection of superior reactive materials for the construction of permeable reactive barriers—which are widely utilized for ground water treatment operations—is heavily influenced by the findings of batch experiments. As a result, it is necessary to make procedures that make it possible to assess the performance of a batch reactor. As a consequence, methods for evaluating the performance of batch reactors must be devised in order to design reactive materials that are more effective under diverse influent conditions. This chapter investigates whether an artificial neural network model could be used to simulate the results of batch testing utilizing acidic ground water, a phenomenon that is prevalent in coastal plains all over the world. Reaction time, pH, and reactive specific surface area were selected as the intended model inputs based on historical data and the output variables were one or more of the following, aluminium, calcium, and iron concentrations. Utilizing experimental test data gathered from 20 different nearly cost-free reactive materials, the suggested neural network model was constructed. Following training, validation was conducted using various sets of performance data that were collected from the same batch of tests. The ANN model was also cross-validated using a collection of split data sets. For the selected ions of interest, non-linear multi regression models were also offered for comparison. In order to select a material as a potential reactant for the design of permeable reactive barriers under a variety of input conditions, simulation results were carefully examined based on a qualitative understanding of batch processes. Additionally, using sensitivity analysis, the impact of each preferred input variable on the chosen output was carefully assessed and ordered, demonstrating that the chosen input signals are the key factors influencing the estimate of the output. Due to the reactive materials' existing nonlinear and ambiguous chemical reaction properties, ANN models outperformed non-linear multi regression models in terms of data simulation.
LEGAL CHALLENGES IN WATER SECTOR: INDIAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Bhatt Dr. Neelkanth , Majumdar Dr. Pradeep Kumar
Published: June 2024

The effects of climate change on water sector are well recognized, although less is known about the legal challenges in water sector from the perspective of equitability and sustainability. This study explores the intricate legal complexities of Indian water sector and highlights a wide array of challenges encompassing it. A meticulous scrutiny of existing legal framework, laws, regulations, and policies are undertaken to understand and identify water governance issues in Indian context. Uneven water distribution and inter-state water disputes, groundwater depletion and its regulation, water pollution control, traditional and customary water rights and access to clean water, privatization and commercialization of water services, water infrastructure development and land acquisition, ecosystem protection and biodiversity, climate change impact on water resources and regulatory framework and coordination among law enforcing agencies were all examined through a SWOT analysis and a holistic evaluation of the water sector in different regions of the country. A system of overall region-wise assessment of challenges in water sector was developed and utilized to evaluate region-wise water sector. The western region is facing maximum challenges in the water sector, whereas the eastern region is found relatively well managed. Lastly, the study advances a set of recommendations designed to enhance the governance and management of water, ultimately addressing the multifaceted issues that this critical sector faces. These recommendations were examined in the context of opportunities, threats, and overall assessment and legal challenges of Indian water sector. The findings of the study shall be vital for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers working in the field of water sector for achieving water security, sustainability, and equitable access as set forth in SDGs for all citizens.
TREATMENT OF HIGH STRENGTH INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER BY USING NATURAL COAGULANT – A REVIEW
Authors: Priya A. Sathiya , Sundararaman S.
Published: June 2024

The contamination present in the high strength wastewater discharged from various Industries release toxic compound to the environment and creates major threats to both human and environment. Different technologies were adopted for the treatment of high strength wastewater. However it has some drawbacks such as toxicity, sludge production and high production cost. This review paper present the recent technologies adopted in the treatment of high strength wastewater discharged from various industries like Textiles, Tannery, Pharmaceutical, Dye and Dairy industries by using natural coagulants. The main mechanism of Natural coagulant for high strength wastewater treatment is by the process of flocculation and charge neutralization. The Natural coagulant extracted from leaf, stem, root, bark and seed of a plant and tree are used as a natural coagulant, which is easily available at low cost and affordability. The application of natural coagulants helps to reduce the strength of wastewater and can be discharged within the prescribed limits and thereby implementing greener wastewater treatment technology.
EFFECT OF TRAFFIC INTERRUPTION PROBABILITY IN CAR-FOLLOWING MODEL WITH ELECTRONIC THROTTLE UNDER CONNECTED ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Yadav Sunita , Redhu Poonam
Published: June 2024

As the number of vehicles increases, traffic interruption phenomena become more frequent. In order to better understand and control traffic flow, we proposed a car-following model in this work by taking into account the effect of traffic interruption probability with electronic throttle angle under a connected vehicle environment called the IP-ET model. The linear stability theory is employed to establish the stability condition of the proposed model. The stability curve demonstrated that by considering the effect of interruption probability with throttle angle leads to an enhancement in the region of traffic flow stability when compared to existing models. Through nonlinear analysis, the study derived the mKdV equation, which effectively describes the propagation of traffic flow density waves in proximity to the critical point. Furthermore, the numerical findings align with the theoretical results, affirming the validity of the proposed model and observing that the IP-ET model effectively enhances the efficiency of vehicle movement, reduces traffic congestion, and contributes to overall road safety.
MORPHOLOGY OF GALAXIES
Authors: Tamrakar Dr. Amit Kumar
Published: June 2024

Sky gazing at night is a very natural activity for a curious mind. Curious people used to keep records of what they were observing. Exploring the sky beyond the eye’s limit became possible after the invention of the telescope by Galileo in the year 1600. Such observations open a new window to observe the extended objects. Galaxies are, in general, considered the fundamental building blocks of the large scale structure of the universe. We all live in a spiral galaxy, named as the Milky way galaxy. There are also a large variety of galaxies in the universe. The classification of galaxies is very important to understand how these galaxies are evolved and we can seek for the secrets of the overall structures and features of the visible and observable universe. Nature has provided us with different windows to observe the observable universe using different bands in the electromagnetic waves. Studying about the galaxies using multibands are very useful tools to study the morphologies and their associated properties.
LUMINESCENCE MATERIALS USED FOR DOSIMETER AND APPLICATIONS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Deshmukh Ram Krishna , Swamy N. Kumar , Verma O. P. , Dubey Vikas
Published: June 2024

This comprehensive review book examines the utilization of luminescence materials for dosimetry applications, encompassing their principles, dosimetry properties, readout techniques, and diverse range of applications. The importance of dosimetry in radiation protection and safety is emphasized, followed by an exploration of the fundamental aspects of luminescence, including its basic concepts and mechanisms. Different types of luminescence materials, namely the rmolumine scence, optically stimulated luminescence, radio luminescence, and photoluminescence materials, are thoroughly discussed. The dosimeter properties of luminescence materials, such as their dose response characteristics, energy dependency, fading behavior, tissue equivalence, and sensitivity, are carefully examined. Various readout techniques employed in luminescence dosimeter, such as electron paramagnetic resonance, cathode luminescence, radio-photoluminescence, and X-ray-induced luminescence, are presented. The review highlights the wide-ranging applications of luminescence dosimeter across diverse fields, including radiation therapy, environmental monitoring, space radiation dosimeter, industrial radiography, and personalized medicine. Noteworthy examples of dosimeter applications and case studies are provided to elucidate the practical implementation and advantages of luminescence dosimeter. Furthermore, the review investigates emerging trends, challenges, and future directions in luminescence dosimeter, shedding light on recent advances and potential research areas. A comprehensive summary of key findings and recommendations is presented, aiming to guide future developments and applications of luminescence materials in dosimetry.This review offers a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and professionals engaged in dosimetry, consolidating the current knowledge and understanding of luminescence materials for dosimetry applications. It provides insights into the dosimetric properties, readout techniques, and wide array of practical applications, fostering advancements in the field of luminescence-based dosimeter. Preface: This book is dedicated with heartfelt gratitude to my cherished family, particularly my beloved wife Shradha Deshmukh, our wonderful son Vedansh, and our radiant daughter Nitika. Your unwavering support and boundless love have illuminated my journey as an author, inspiring me to envision a bright and promising future ahead. Your presence fills my life with joy and purpose, and I am profoundly grateful for each moment we share. Also, I Ram Krishna Deshmukh (corresponding Author) dedicate this chapter to my father, you are my inspiration, motivation, and my reason of success.
TIANWEN-1 LANDING SITE ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION BASED ON 2021 LOCAL DUST STORMS OF MARS
Authors: Kalita Jyotirmoy , Das Marylina , Saikia Suchibrata , Pathak Binita , Guha Anirban
Published: June 2024

The present study is based on the local dust storms reported by Tianwen-1. In the year 2021 Tianwen-1 reported 6 local dust storms near mid-latitude (Qu et al., 2021). The current work tries to investigate the atmospheric changes over the lendable area during the reported dust events by Tianwen-1. Based on the temperature profile acquired by Mars Climate Sounder (MCS), we have estimated the Convective Boundary Layer’s (CBL) height. The estimated CBL height varies from 7 to 9 km during dust storms. Strong mixing below CBL creates dustiness over the observed area. The observed dust storm lasted for more than a sol significantly affecting the atmospheric structure and the planetary circulation, suggesting that the equatorward dust storm injected dust into the rising branches of the cell of Hadley circulation. Hence, though headily circulation dust mixing enhancement occurs in the middle atmosphere and the mid-level air temperatures rise. Further, we are trying to estimate the properties of the dust particle. The effective radius of the dust particle varies from 300 nm to 3000 nm. During the dust storm, air temperature increases up to 200 K. With the help of temperature data and retrieved water ice opacity data we have shown the formation of water ice clouds along the midlatitude of Mars. The formation of water ice clouds has been represented through the radiance data of availablelow-resolution images captured by the Visual Monitoring Camera (VMC).
METAMATERIAL SLOT AND S-SHAPED SLOT LOADED BAND NOTCHED ANTENNA FOR UWB APPLICATIONS
Authors: Jairath Kapil , Singh Navdeep , Kaushal Anjali , Kumar Vishal
Published: June 2024

The ultra wideband (UWB) antenna inspired by loaded metamaterials with band notches is elucidated in this manuscript. The prototyped antenna is 20×16×1.6 mm3 in dimension and accomplishes a large bandwidth between 3.4 GHz and 10.8 GHz. By inserting a single RSRR metamaterial notch on the radiating surface & a slot of shape S on the microstrip feed line, the notching of desired band’s frequencies have been achieved. WiMAX-band (3.51-3.7 GHz), C-band applications (3.7-4.2 GHz), WLAN band (5.15-5.62 GHz), X-band satellite communication system (7-8 GHz), and uplink X-band (8.89-10.38 GHz) frequency rejection have all been achieved. By altering the measurements of the S-shaped slot and metamaterial inspired slot, the frequency of the rejected band can be alternate. The proposed antenna has a high gain of 14.3 dB at 7.73 GHz frequency, and the radiation pattern of the simulated antenna is observed over operating bands.
GAMMA-IRRADIATION EFFECTS ON DIFFERENT METAL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Bisht Ruchi , Joshi Dr. G.C.
Published: June 2024

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles (MONPs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique optical, magnetic, and electrical properties and wide-ranging applications in optoelectronic devices, supercapacitors, Li-ion batteries, solar cells, catalysts, liquid crystal displays, drug delivery, sensors, etc. The ability to modulate both the physical as well as chemical properties of MONPs plays a vital role in the designing of novel devices, consequently enhancing their significance in various industries and scientific fields. Recently, gamma (y)-irradiation has emerged as a promising technique for modifying the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. This chapter presents the γ-irradiation effect on different MONPs such as TiO­2, ZnO, SnO2, MoO3, CuO, WO3, MgO, etc. highlighting the modification in their structure, morphology, composition and functional properties. These modifications can be ascribed to various underlying mechanisms, including the generation of defects, phase change, surface modification, and grain growth
SOCIAL WORK
Authors: Soni MR. Himanshu
Published: June 2024

Elder abuse is single or repeated act or failure to act in good faith that causes hurt or distress to an older person. Elder abuse including physically, sexually, psychologically, emotionally, financially and drug addiction. Most of the victim are women but some are also men. Older people without family or friends, people with physical and mental disabilities or dementia may experience many difficulties. According to a 2014 medical study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University and Rush University, candidate more than 80 years of age are more likely to experience abuse. A 2014 study in Chicago found that women were more likely to be victimized. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), women can also be abused in the long term. According to a 2015 US Department of Health and Human Services (DHS) report, approximately 13 million people are living with dementia. Lonely or withdrawn adults may be victims, according to NCOA. Family care giving is not a new concept in India. Despite the interchange of interests, caring for family members is the norm in society across the country. As a society, we always want families to provide unconditional care, emotional and material support to independently living elderly parents, grandparents and other family members in their absence. Intimate partner violence according to WHO, IPV is behavior by a present and previous partner that causes physically, mentally and genitally harm. National Family Health Survey 5, 29.3% of all female between the ages of eighteen and fifty have experienced as a minimum one sharp intimate partner violence; this rate is slightly decrease (31.2%). 3.1% of women aged 18-29 were physically abused during pregnancy, and 1.5% were abused when they were 18.7 years old.
Collaborative Governance in Handling the Covid-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) Pandemic in Mangkubumen Sub District, Banjarsari District, Surakarta City
Authors:   State Administration Science, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences Universitas Slamet Riyadi Surakarta, Rofi’ud Muta’al Muhammad , M.Si Prof.Dr.Winarti, ,   State Administration Science, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences Universitas Slamet Riyadi Surakarta, Suranto, M.Si. Drs. Joko ,   State Administration Science, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences Universitas Slamet Riyadi Surakarta
Published: June 2024

Indonesia is one of states affected by Covid-19 pandemic. Government has taken various attempts and made many policies to overcome Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Surakarta city is one of cities located in Central Java Province with high distribution rate. Mangkubumen sub district being the location of research is one of Sub District with the relatively low number of positive cases compared with some other sub district and has achieved zero cases in certain months in 2021. The objectives of research are to describe and to analyze the measures the Mangkubumen Sub District has taken in collaboration to overcome Covid-19 pandemic. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative one, analyzed using Technique of Analyzing Data according Huberman and Saldana (2014:14). The management of Covid-19 pandemic Mangkubumen sub district was analyzed using Collaborative Governance theory suggested by De Seve (2007:50), consisting of eight indicators: Network Structure, Trust among the participants, Governance, Access to authority, Distributive accountability, Information sharing, and Access to resources. From the result of research, it can be concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic management in Mangkubumen sub district ran successfully, based on Collaborative Governance indicator.
Sporda Sponsorluk ve Karşılaşılan Sorunlar
Authors: Bulut Mehmet Yahya , Kaçay Zülbiye
Published: June 2024

Sponsorluk, ticari hedeflerle karşılıklı çıkar ve fayda sağlamak amacıyla yapılan, tarafları birbirlerine karşı hukuki ve etik olarak bağlayan sözleşmeler bütünü olarak tanımlanabilmektedir. Değişen ve gelişen dünyada firmaların marka değeri ve tanınırlığını artırarak ticari faaliyetlerinde öne çıkma gereksiniminden dolayı, birçok alanda sponsorluk faaliyetlerine rastlanılmaktadır. Bu faaliyetler; kültür sanat sponsorluğu, sosyal sponsorluk ve spor sponsorluğu olarak sıralanabilir.
Spor sponsorluğu, bir şirketin veya kuruluşun pozitif imaj oluşturma, marka bilinirliğini artırma, hedef kitleye ulaşma, satışlarını artırma gibi amaçlar doğrultusunda  spor takımlarına veya sporculara maddi manevi destek sağlaması olarak tanımlanabilir.
Bu çalışmada sponsorluk, spor sponsorluğu ve türleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca büyük bir pazar potansiyeline sahip olan spor sponsorluğunun sponsor olan ve olunan açısından getirdiği  doğal yükümlükler ve bunun sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan anlaşmazlıklar ya da bu büyük pazarda sponsorluk açısından karşılaşılan sorunların  tespiti ve çözümü için önerilerde bulunmak amaçlanmaktadır.
Örgütsel Bağlılığın Spor Yönetimi ve Yöneticileri Açısından Ele Alınması
Authors: Korkmaz Cahide İrem
Published: June 2024

Örgütsel bağlılık, çalışanların örgütlerine karşı hissettikleri sadakat duygusunu ifade etmektedir. Bu kavramın, spor yönetimi ve spor yöneticileri açısından oldukça büyük bir öneme sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir. Hem spor kulüplerinin hem de spor yöneticilerinin düzenlediği organizasyonların başarısında kritik bir rol oynayan örgütsel bağlılık, antrenörler ve teknik ekibin sporculara ve kulübe daha fazla katkı sağlamasına da teşvik etmektedir. Aynı zamanda, spor yönetiminde stratejik kararların alınması ve uygulanması sürecinde de örgütsel bağlılık büyük bir rol oynamaktadır. Spor tesislerinde çalışan fizyoterapistler, diyetisyenler ve idari personel gibi diğer personelin örgütsel bağlılığı da genel işleyiş ve verimlilik açısından son derece önemlidir. Bu bağlamda, spor yönetimi ve spor yöneticileri açısından örgütsel bağlılığın değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılan bu kitap bölümünde, spor yöneticilerinin yüksek örgütsel bağlılık düzeylerinin kulüp verimliliğini artırdığı ve çalışanların iş tatminini olumlu yönde etkilediği söylenebilir.
Alt Maksimum ve Maksimum Egzersiz Testlerinde Oksijen ve Laktat Kinetiği
Authors: Shahidi Seyed Houtan
Published: June 2024

Egzersiz yoğunluğuna bağlı olarak oksijen alımı (VO2) kinetiğinin özellikleri farklılık gösterir. Egzersiz, belirli bir iş yükünde gerçekleştirildiğinde ve bu iş yükü laktat eşiği (LE) nin altında ise, VO2 eksponansiyel olarak bir istikrarlı düzeye artar. Bu alan içinde VO2 artışının iş yüküne göre eğimi veya VO2 yanıtlarının zaman sabiti iş yükü ile ilişkili bulunmamıştır, bu da VO2 ve iş yükü arasında lineer dinamik bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak, fiziksel antrenman, yaş ve patolojik durumlar gibi bazı faktörler, egzersizin başlangıcında VO2 kinetik yanıtlarını değiştirebilir. Egzersiz VO2 kinetiği için kontrol mekanizması ile ilgili olarak, iki zıt hipotez öne sürülmüştür. Bunlardan biri, egzersizin başlangıcında VO2 artış hızının aktif kaslara oksijen taşıma kapasitesi tarafından sınırlı olduğunu öne sürmektedir. Diğeri ise, egzersiz sırasında oksijen kullanımının yeteneğinin artış hızını belirleyen kısıtlayıcı adım olarak hareket ettiğini öne sürmektedir. Bu konu hala tartışılmaktadır. Egzersiz, LE'nin üzerinde bir iş yükünde gerçekleştirildiğinde, VO2 kinetiği daha karmaşık hale gelir. Birkaç dakika egzersizden sonra ek bir bileşen geliştirilir. Yavaş bileşen, istikrarlı durum VO2'ye ulaşma süresini geciktirebilir veya egzersiz yoğunluğuna bağlı olarak VO2'yi maksimum seviyeye yönlendirebilir. Bu yavaş bileşenin büyüklüğü ayrıca egzersizin süresine bağlıdır. Ağır egzersiz sırasında VO2'nin yavaş bileşeninin olası nedenleri şunları içerir: (i) kan laktat seviyelerinin artışı; (ii) plazma epinefrin (adrenalin) seviyelerinin artışı; (iii) artmış ventilasyon işi; (iv) vücut sıcaklığının yükselmesi; ve (v) tip IIb liflerin devreye alınması. VO2'nin yavaş bileşeninin %86'sının egzersiz yapan ekstremitelere atfedilmesi nedeniyle, büyük katkı sağlayanın muhtemelen egzersiz yapan kasın kendisi olduğu düşünülmektedir. Yüksek yoğunluklu egzersiz sırasında düşük verimlilikteki tip IIb liflerinin (yavaş bileşende yer alan lifler) artan bir şekilde devreye alınması, egzersizin oksijen maliyetinde artışa neden olabilir. Motor birim devreye alımının desenindeki değişiklikler ve dolayısıyla tip IIb liflerinin daha az aktivasyonu, fiziksel antrenman sonrası VO2'nin yavaş bileşeninde gözlenen azalmada büyük bir kısmı hesaba katabilir.
Spor Lisesi ve Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Spora Bağlılık Düzeylerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Denktaş Mehmet , Fişekçioğlu İbrahim Bülent
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışma ile spor lisesi ve spor bilimleri fakültesinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin spora bağlılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma için etik kurul onayı alınmıştır. Araştırma gurubunu Konya spor lisesinden  215, Selçuk üniversitesi spor bilimleri fakültesinden 289 toplamda 504 sporcu öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin elde edilmesinde kişisel bilgi formu ve Guillen ve Martinez-Alvarado (2014) tarafından geliştirilen Kayhan vd. (2020) Türkçe uyarlamasını yapılan spora bağlılık ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ilk olarak SPSS 25.0 paket yüklenip varyans ve homojenlikleri test edilmiş, ikili karşılaştırmalarda Independent sample t testi, çoklu karşılaştırmalarda One Vay Anowa testi ve farklılıkları belirlemek için Tukey testi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan istatistiki analizler sonucunda spor lisesi ve spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerin cinsiyet, yaş ve öğrenim durumuna bağlı olarak spora bağlılık puan ortalamalarında anlamlı bir değişim bulgulanmamıştır ( p> 0.05). tılımcıların branş faktörüne bağlı olarak spora bağlılık değerlerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Takım sporu yapan bireylerin, bireysel spor yapanlara göre daha yüksek puan ortalamalarına sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmaya katılan bütün öğrencilerin spora bağlılık puan ortalamaları göz önüne alındığında, hem spor lisesi hem de spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin spora bağlılıklarının derecelerinin yüksek olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Fiziksel Aktivite Yapan insanların Dikkat Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Günay Berke
Published: June 2024

Fiziksel aktivite sırasında artan kan akışı, beynin daha fazla oksijen ve besin maddesi almasını sağlar. Bu durum, beyin hücrelerinin daha verimli çalışmasına ve bilişsel işlevlerin, özellikle de dikkatin artmasına katkıda bulunmaktadır.  Bireyin belirli bir durum üzerine zihinsel becerilerini toplayabilme durumu olarak ifade edilen dikkat ile fiziksel aktivite arasında elbette ki pozitif yönde bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda mevcut bölümde fiziksel aktivite yapan insanların dikkat gelişimi üzerine etkisi incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Düzenli egzersiz yapan yaşlı bireylerde dikkat ve hafıza gibi bilişsel beceriler yine fiziksel aktivite aracılığı ile gelişim göstermektedir. Fiziksel aktivitenin dikkatin gelişimine etkisinin incelenebilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilen bu bölümde sonuç olarak; fiziksel aktivite, beyin sağlığını ve bilişsel işlevleri iyileştirerek dikkat üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğu,  dikkati artırmanın yanı sıra genel zihinsel sağlığı da desteklediği söylenebilir.
Classification of organoid transcriptomic profiles unravelling colorectal cancer molecular subtypes
Authors:   , Nuwongsri Pattarin
Published: June 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is genetically and transcriptomically heterogeneous disease. Molecular subtyping of colorectal cancer using consensus molecular subtype (CMS) system demonstrated the potential predictive value for tumor progression and treatment response. However, the CMS system was developed from data of whole tissues containing both cancer and non-tumor transcripts components for classification which does not directly represent intrinsic heterogeneity of cancer cells. In this study genetic profiles of CRC organoids were investigated first, and the results indicate chromosomal instability (CIN) and microsatellite instability (MSI) as pathogenic pathways of CRC. Furthermore, the results also revealed diverse patterns of somatic mutations of these CRC organoids. Subsequently, we evaluated a strategy of subtyping CRCs based on transcriptomics data from patient-derived CRC organoids, which mainly contain cancer cells. We demonstrated that using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) CRC cancer organoids could be classified into four groups (P1-P4). Cluster-specific genes and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) displayed different characteristics of each group. P1 exhibit enriched lipid and cholesterol metabolism pathways and P2 and P3 presented high TGF-β pathway. Lastly, P4 show stem cell-like properties and highly expressed genes in the DNA repair pathway associated with chemotherapy and radiation resistance. Moreover, P4 organoids present a hyperactivated ribosome biogenesis pathway which may be developed as a biomarker of P4 and a target of CRC treatment. Then, LASSO logistic regression was built to identify gene signatures and developed a classifier of each group of organoids. These results suggested that the signature gene of organoid groups has the potential to be developed into a useful tool for CRC subtyping and developing more specific therapeutic strategies.
The association of reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use with distal sensory neuropathy among the US postmenopausal women: results from 1999–2004 NHANES
Authors:   , Li Jiayu
Published: June 2024

Background: Distal sensory neuropathy is a common disorder in the peripheral nervous system. We aimed to investigate the association between reproductive history factors and distal sensory neuropathy among the US postmenopausal women aged 40 years and over. We also explored the heterogeneity of these associations by age.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted with data from postmenopausal women aged 40 years and over in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004. Women with diabetes, stroke, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, thyroid disease, liver disease, weak/failing kidneys, or amputation were excluded. Distal sensory neuropathy was measured via 10-gram monofilament test and all reproductive variables and exogenous hormone use were collected by interview questionnaire. A multivariable design-based binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the reproductive history variables and distal sensory neuropathy accounting for sample stratification, clustering, and weighting. Heterogeneity was assessed using interaction terms overall and via subgroup analysis.

Results: A total of 1144 postmenopausal women were included in this study. Women with distal sensory neuropathy tend to report age at menarche ≤ 11 years (OR = 8.13, 95%CI: 1.24 - 53.28), time since menopause > 20 years (OR = 3.18, 95%CI: 1.32 - 7.68) while those without distal sensory neuropathy tend to report history of breastfeeding (OR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.21 - 0.99) and exogenous hormone use (OR = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.19 - 0.87). We observed that a significant interaction term of menarche with race (p for interaction = 0.027). Race was also a significant effect modifier for these associations based on subgroup analysis; however, subgroup analysis by age could not be conducted because of large amounts of missing data in older age group (>70 years).

Conclusions: Age at menarche, time since menopause, breastfeeding and exogenous hormone use are associated with distal sensory neuropathy. There is race-based heterogeneity in these associations among US postmenopausal women aged 40 years and over. Our findings may provide a rationale for the etiology of distal sensory neuropathy among US postmenopausal women. Further research should investigate the underlying mechanism.
การวิเคราะห์หาตัวยับยั้งคอมพลีเมนต์ และโปรตีนที่ควบคุมคอมพลีเมนต์ ในผู้ป่วยปลูกถ่ายไตข้ามหมู่เลือด เปรียบเทียบกับผู้ป่วยปลูกถ่ายไตที่มีสารภูมิต้านทานเอชแอลเอ
Authors:   , จินตนาปราโมทย์ กวิตา
Published: June 2024

ที่มาและวัตถุประสงค์งานวิจัย: การปลูกถ่ายไตข้ามหมู่เลือดให้ผลลัพธ์ที่ดีกว่าการปลูก ถ่ายไตแบบมีสารภูมิต้านทานเอชแอลเอ โดยเฉพาะอุบัติการณ์ของการเกิดภาวะปฏิเสธไตจาก แอนติบอดี ในผู้ป่วยที่เกิดภาวะปฏิเสธไตจากแอนติบอดีจะตรวจพบการอักเสบของไต และย้อมชิ้น เนื้อไตพบ C4d แต่ในผู้ป่วยที่ปลูกถ่ายไตข้ามหมู่เลือดมักจะย้อมชิ้นเนื้อไตพบ C4d แต่กลับไม่พบ หลักฐานของการอักเสบของไต ซึ่งมีความเป็นไปได้ว่าอาจมีกลไกที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการควบคุมคอมพลี เมนต์ช่วยในการปกป้องเนื้อเยื่อไต โดยมีสมมติฐานว่าอาจมีโปรตีนที่ควบคุมคอมพลีเมนต์ที่มี บทบาทในกลไกนี้ วิธีการศึกษา: รูปแบบการศึกษาเป็นงานวิจัยเชิงสังเกตแบบย้อนหลังในผู้ป่วยที่ได้รับการ ปลูกถ่ายไตจากผู้บริจาคที่ยังมีชีวิตที่โรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์ โดยแบ่งผู้ป่วยออกเป็น 4 กลุ่ม ได้แก่ การปลูกถ่ายไตข้ามหมู่เลือด การปลูกถ่ายไตแบบมีสารภูมิต้านทานเอชแอลเอ การปลูกถ่ายไตข้าม หมู่เลือดและมีสารต้านทานเอชแอลเอ และการปลูกถ่ายไตแบบไม่มีสารภูมิต้านทาน โดยทำการ ตรวจการแสดงออกของยีนของตัวควบคุมคอมพลีเมนต์บนเนื้อเยื่อไตที่ได้รับการปลูกถ่ายมาไม่เกิน 1 ปี โดยตรวจสาร ได้แก่ CD35, CD46, CD55 และ CD59 โดยวิธีการตรวจ RT-PCR (reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reaction) ผลการศึกษา: ผู้ป่วยที่ได้รับการปลูกถ่ายไตจากผู้บริจาคที่ยังมีชีวิตจำนวน 87 คน โดย เป็นกลุ่มการปลูกถ่ายไตข้ามหมู่เลือด 12 คน การปลูกถ่ายไตแบบมีสารภูมิต้านทานเอชแอลเอ 22 คน การปลูกถ่ายไตข้ามหมู่เลือดและมีสารต้านทานเอชแอลเอ 6 คน และการปลูกถ่ายไตแบบไม่มี สารภูมิต้านทาน 47 คน โดยที่ตรวจไม่พบความแตกต่างของการแสดงออกของยีนของตัวควบคุม คอมพลีเมนต์ทั้ง CD35, CD46, CD55 และ CD59 ในผู้ป่วยแต่ละกลุ่ม โดยการแสดงออกของยีน
รูปแบบการค้าและศักยภาพการส่งออกสินค้าเกษตรสำคัญของประเทศไทย: การวิเคราะห์แบบจำลองแรงโน้มถ่วงกับกระแสการค้าที่เป็นศูนย์
Authors:   , เพ็งเปิ้น วีระชัย
Published: June 2024

ประเทศไทยเป็นประเทศผู้ส่งออกสินค้าเกษตรที่สำคัญ โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งในกรณีของข้าว ยางพารา และมันสำปะหลัง อย่างไรก็ตาม ในช่วงหลายปีที่ผ่านมา โดยเฉพาะหลังจากปี พ.ศ.2552 แนวโน้มการส่งออกสินค้าเกษตรของประเทศไทยเริ่มอยู่ในทิศทางที่ลดลง อันเป็นผลมาจากการมีคู่แข่งทางการค้าที่มากขึ้นทั้งจากประเทศในภูมิภาคอาเซียน แอฟริกา และยุโรปตะวันออก ดังนั้น การศึกษาถึงปัจจัยที่กำหนดการส่งออกสินค้าเกษตรของประเทศไทยจึงมีความสำคัญเพื่อเป็นแนวทางวางนโยบายในการส่งเสริมความสามารถการแข่งขันด้านการส่งออกสินค้าเกษตร

นอกจากนี้ หากพิจารณางานศึกษาถึงปัจจัยที่มีผลกระทบต่อการค้าระหว่างประเทศ สิ่งที่เป็นประเด็นสำคัญคือข้อมูลกระแสการค้าที่มีความสมมาตรหรือมีการค้าตลอดช่วงเวลา อย่างไรก็ตาม การเกิดข้อมูลกระแสการค้าที่เป็นศูนย์เป็นสิ่งที่พบได้บ่อยในข้อมูลการค้าระหว่างประเทศ อันเป็นผลจากการที่ประเทศต้นทางมีการค้ากับประเทศคู่ค้าไม่พร้อมกัน หรือประเทศคู่ค้าบางประเทศไม่มีการค้าในบางช่วงเวลา งานศึกษาก่อนหน้านี้พยายามจัดการกับปัญหาข้อมูลกระแสการค้าที่เป็นศูนย์ด้วยการละทิ้งข้อมูลการค้าที่เป็นศูนย์หรือการแทนที่ข้อมูลการค้าที่เป็นศูนย์ด้วยค่าข้อมูลที่เป็นบวกจำนวนที่น้อยแล้วประมาณค่าในรูปแบบสมการเชิงเส้นตรง ซึ่งวิธีการดังกล่าวอาจไม่เหมาะสมเนื่องจากก่อให้เกิดปัญหาความอคติของข้อมูล (Selection Bias)

การศึกษานี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อเสนอเทคนิคการประมาณค่าแบบจำลองแรงโน้มถ่วงกับกระแสการค้าที่เป็นศูนย์ในสินค้าเกษตรสำคัญของประเทศไทย ได้แก่ ยางพารา ข้าว และผลิตภัณฑ์มันสำปะหลัง ลักษณะข้อมูลแบบพาเนลรายปี ตั้งแต่ปี พ.ศ.2543-2562 ด้วยวิธี Heckman Selection Model เพื่อจัดการกับปัญหา Selection Bias รวมถึงประยุกต์ใช้ Heterogeneous Firm Model จากงานศึกษาของ Helpman, Melitz and Rubinstein (2008) เพื่อจัดการกับปัญหา Heterogeneous Bias โดยการเพิ่มตัวแปรระดับผลิตภาพ (Productivity Threshold) ในแบบจำลองที่สะท้อนว่า ประเทศไทยตัดสินใจส่งออกสินค้าเกษตรเมื่อระดับผลิตภาพสูงมากเกินกว่าต้นทุนทางการค้า

จากการศึกษาพบว่า การประมาณค่าแบบจำลองได้รับผลกระทบจากปัญหา Selection Bias และปัญหา Heterogenous Bias ในสินค้าเกษตรทั้ง 3 รายการ โดยปัจจัยที่กำหนดให้ประเทศไทยตัดสินใจส่งออกสินค้าเกษตรพิจารณาจากขนาดเศรษฐกิจของประเทศคู่ค้า ระยะห่างระหว่างประเทศ และระดับการเปิดประเทศเป็นหลัก อย่างไรก็ตามเมื่อพิจารณาถึงปัจจัยที่มีผลกระทบต่อการส่งออกสินค้าเกษตรแยกรายสินค้าพบว่า ยางพารา ควรให้ความสำคัญกับขนาดเศรษฐกิจของประเทศคู่ค้าควบคู่กับการให้ความสำคัญกับนโยบายของภาครัฐที่สนับสนุนการผลิตและการตลาดโดยพิจารณาถึงราคาซื้อขายยางพารา ควรยกระดับการเปิดประเทศและสนับสนุนการค้ากับประเทศคู่ค้าเพื่อนบ้านให้มากขึ้น สำหรับข้าว ควรให้ความสำคัญกับขนาดเศรษฐกิจของประเทศคู่ค้า การยกระดับผลิตภาพแรงงานการผลิตข้าวของเกษตรกร และขยายการค้าด้วยการยกระดับการเปิดประเทศที่มากขึ้น และสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์มันสำปะหลัง ควรให้ความสำคัญกับขนาดเศรษฐกิจของประเทศคู่ค้าและสนับสนุนการค้ากับประเทศคู่ค้าเพื่อนบ้านให้มากขึ้นเช่นกัน