bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La visite pieuse aux tombeaux des saints
Authors: Hille Marie-Paule
Published: November 2021

La visite pieuse aux tombeaux des saints est une pratique largement répandue dans le nord-ouest de la Chine. Élément constitutif de la sainteté, la ziyāra sera abordée ici à travers une ethnographie menée au sein du Xidaotang, un mouvement soufi chinois minoritaire apparu tardivement à la fin du XIXe siècle. La présente étude se fonde sur un corpus constitué d’une hagiographie, d’une chronique interne, d’observations effectuées près des tombeaux et de discussions avec les dévots. Les textes de type hagiographique mettent en exergue le rôle de la visite pieuse aux tombeaux dans un récit édifiant qui sert à la fois à légitimer le développement de ce nouveau mouvement religieux et à le fondre dans un modèle de sainteté hérité du passé. Les chroniques, quant à elles, mettent en lumière plusieurs contextes de visite pieuse aux tombeaux : fêtes religieuses, fêtes commémoratives, cas de maladie, visites de politesse ainsi que différentes formes de recueillement (collective ou individuelle, avec ou sans invitation de membres extérieurs à la communauté). Aujourd’hui, le culte rendu aux saints défunts concentre une pluralité d’activités pieuses qui sont autant de façon d’exprimer sa religiosité : honorer la mémoire des défunts en leur adressant des prières de paix, rappeler aux hommes leur condition d’hommes mortels soumis à la miséricorde, demander l’intercession des saints pour l’exaucement de vœux ou pour se repentir de ses pêchés, accéder à une étape spirituelle sur la voie de la purification par un déplacement du cœur vers l’espace intime de la tombe.
La ziyāra chez les premiers ascètes et dévots d’après la Ḥilyat al-awliyāʾ d’Abū Nuʿaym al-Iṣfahānī : entre itinéraire pèlerin et initiation au dhikr al-mawt
Authors: Masotta Kabira
Published: November 2021

Dans la Ḥilyat al-awliyāʾ, la visite pieuse (ziyāra) n’est pas mentionnée selon une approche dichotomique laquelle distinguerait la pratique savante de la pratique populaire. Cette représentation dans le soufisme est bien plus tardive. Au contraire, la tradition hagiographique du xe siècle à laquelle se réfère Abū Nuʿaym inscrit véritablement cette pratique dans la voie du taṣawwuf en accord avec les premières générations des pieux prédécesseurs. Dans l’hagiographie, la visite pieuse ne reste pas associée à la seule visite de la tombe du Prophète ou à celle d’un grand shaykh soufi. La ziyāra est indissociablement et davantage liée à la voie du zuhd. Le principe même de pèlerinage ou d’itinéraire spirituel qu’elle sous-tend prend fondamentalement sa source dans le renoncement : le serviteur marche vers la tombe car il est appelé à abandonner ce monde en vue de l’autre monde. La visée de la visite pieuse est bien l’expérience spirituelle du serviteur ; l’expérience initiatique qui le place de facto dans l’au-delà, à l’issue de laquelle l’herméneutique de la Révélation divine peut avoir lieu. Selon les périodes et les profils ascétiques, la visite pieuse prend ainsi forme dans la tradition abūnuʿaymienne entre visite des cimetières, itinéraire mystique, quête initiatrice et filiation spirituelle.
Perception, Preference, and Prices in Josef Albers’ Square Series
Authors: Charlin Ventura , Cifuentes Arturo
Published: November 2021

Josef Albers’ Homage to the Square series comprises a vast ensemble of compositions based on similar arrays of nested squares. The main difference among these paintings is the colors employed. Therefore, they constitute an almost natural experiment to explore color preferences. We focus on the relationship between the prices paid in public auctions for these paintings and their color attributes over a fourteen-year period. We describe the attributes of the color palette using several color-related metrics aimed at capturing dominant colors, color diversity and contrast, color harmony, and color emotions. We find that color-related metrics explain a great deal of the price variation in Albers’ Squares series. Intriguingly, dominant colors and emotions are the key variables, while color harmony, contrast and diversity play no role at all. We also find that the market favors lighter tones and bluer hues. Additionally, the analyses reveal that Albers, judged by the prices commanded by his paintings, was a quintessential experimentalist ‒ as opposed to a conceptual artist. That is, an artist who kept improving as he gained more experience playing with the same concept over and over. It is worth noting that using market prices to study color preferences or judge aesthetic merits can provide different insights regarding color preferences and color perception, given the fact that most color preference studies are carried out in experimental or artificial settings, where the subjects do not have any direct interests at stake.
Mortality, Cardiovascular and Limb Events in Patients With Symptomatic Lower Extremity Artery Disease and Diabetes
Authors: Lapébie François-Xavier , Bongard Vanina , Lacroix Philippe , Aboyans Victor , Constans Joël , Boulon Carine , Messas Emmanuel , Thomas-Delecourt Florence , Rosenbaum David , Ferrières Jean , Bura-Rivière Alessandra
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to compare the prognosis of patients according to diabetes status, during a 1-year follow-up after hospital admission for lower extremity artery disease, in the prospective COPART (COhorte de Patients ARTériopathes) registry. Inclusion criteria were intermittent claudication, ischemic rest pain, tissue loss, or acute limb ischemia, with radiological and hemodynamic confirmation. Among 2494 patients, 1235 (49.5%) had diabetes. Incidence rates for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were 18.0/100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.4–21.0) for the diabetes group and 11.1/100 person-years (95% CI, 9.2–13.4) for the non-diabetes group. Incidence rates of all-cause mortality were 29.8/100 person-years (95% CI, 26.5–33.4) for the diabetes group and 19.7/100 person-years (95% CI, 17.2–22.7) for the non-diabetes group. Incidence rates of major limb amputation were 24.2/100 person-years (95% CI, 21.1–27.8) for the diabetes group and 11.6/100 person-years (95% CI, 9.6–14.0) for the non-diabetes group. Diabetes was associated with MACE, adjusted hazard ratio 1.60 (95% CI, 1.16–2.22), and all-cause mortality, unadjusted HR 1.49 (95% CI, 1.24–1.78). In the multivariate analysis, diabetes was no longer associated with major amputation, adjusted HR 1.15 (95% CI, .87–1.51). Patients hospitalized for LEAD with diabetes had a higher risk of MACE than those without diabetes.
Motivational coaching augmentation of exercise intervention for early psychotic disorders: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Suen Yi Nam , Lo Lik Hang Lincoln , Lee Edwin Ho-Ming , Hui Christy Lai-Ming , Chan Sherry Kit Wa , Chang Wing Chung , Chen Eric Yu Hai
Published: November 2021

Background:

Exercise offers improvement to physical and mental health symptoms as well and cognitive function in patients with psychosis. However, patients with psychosis are often less ready to benefit from exercise intervention because of the difficulties in motivation. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of adjunctive motivational coaching on exercise intervention in women with psychosis in Hong Kong.

Methods:

From a community mental health programme for women, patients with a diagnosis of psychotic disorder (within 5 years of first onset) were randomly allocated to receive 12 30-minute sessions of motivational coaching or psychoeducation in a group format. Both groups additionally received exercise intervention sessions consisting of yoga, stretching and high-intensity interval training. Primary outcome was the total physical activity level measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Results:

Fifty-seven patients (mean [SD] age, 34.47 [12.44] years) were randomised into motivational coaching ( n = 30) or psychoeducation ( n = 27) treatment groups. The motivational coaching group had a significantly higher total physical activity level (4601.67 [686.59] vs 2524.82 [723.73] metabolic equivalent task-min/week, r2 = 0.473, p = 0.04) after the intervention and at 6 months post-intervention. Moderate and light physical activity levels were significantly higher in the motivational coaching group after intervention and at 6 months, respectively. Additionally, symptoms of bizarre behaviour were improved in the motivational coaching group at 6 months. Younger, unemployed, unmarried and those with longer durations of untreated psychosis generally showed larger improvements in the motivational coaching group.

Conclusion:

Motivational coaching may augment the effects of exercise interventions, as reflected by higher physical activity participation. Motivational coaching augmentation has the potential to further improve exercise intervention outcomes.
Mining disaster in the Doce River: Dilemma between governance and participation
Authors: Losekann Cristiana , Milanez Bruno
Published: December 2021

In this article, we assess how the demand for participation modified the governance structure initially proposed to deal with the reparation of impacts caused by the failure of the Fundão dam in Mariana (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Throughout the text, we identify how mining companies sought to build a solution based on a complex structure of governance with the consent of government agencies. We also verify that, in contrast, social movements pressured justice institutions for alternatives that guarantee some level of participation of the affected communities. As a result of this interaction, we argue that a hybrid system was created, which proved excessively slow, highly inefficient and unable to meet the main demands of the affected people.
The ‘Oh, Mistake’ Incident and Juvenile Delinquency in Defeated Japan
Authors: Uchiyama Benjamin
Published: December 2021

This article explores the moral panic that erupted in Japan in 1950 over a robbery committed by a Japanese male teenager during the Allied occupation. Labeled by the press as an example of ‘after-war,’ the specific details of the ‘Oh, Mistake’ Incident and the varied public reactions it generated reveals the many ways Japanese people ascribed particular understandings of war, defeat, and occupation through the prism of juvenile delinquency. A close examination of the public outcry illuminates deep-seated Japanese anxieties over not only the future of juveniles traumatized by war and defeat, but also how some of them were able to construct new forms of hybrid identities and even language through Nisei impersonation and broken English during the tumultuous setting of defeated Japan.
Bad News? Send an AI. Good News? Send a Human
Authors: Garvey Aaron M. , Kim TaeWoo , Duhachek Adam
Published: December 2021

The present research demonstrates how consumer responses to negative and positive offers are influenced by whether the administering marketing agent is an artificial intelligence (AI) or a human. In the case of a product or service offer that is worse than expected, consumers respond better when dealing with an AI agent in the form of increased purchase likelihood and satisfaction. In contrast, for an offer that is better than expected, consumers respond more positively to a human agent. The authors demonstrate that AI agents, compared with human agents, are perceived to have weaker intentions when administering offers, which accounts for this effect. That is, consumers infer that AI agents lack selfish intentions in the case of an offer that favors the agent and lack benevolent intentions in the case of an offer that favors the customer, thereby dampening the extremity of consumer responses. Moreover, the authors demonstrate a moderating effect, such that marketers may anthropomorphize AI agents to strengthen perceived intentions, providing an avenue to receive due credit from consumers when the agent provides a better offer and mitigate blame when it provides a worse offer. Potential ethical concerns with the use of AI to bypass consumer resistance to negative offers are discussed.
COVID-19: Lessons Learned About Communication Between Family Members and Healthcare Professionals—A Qualitative Study on How Close Family Members of Patients Hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit With COVID-19 Experienced Communication and Collaboration With Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Bernild Camilla , Missel Malene , Berg Selina
Published: November 2021

Family members to patients admitted to intensive care units in general experience a psychological crisis with elevated levels of needs in support, information, assurance, and proximity. During COVID-19, this has been made more difficult as visiting restrictions prevent proximity and cause less access to communication with healthcare professionals. This study aims to explore and understand how communication with healthcare professionals was experienced by family members to patients admitted to intensive care units with COVID-19. To gain knowledge about this, 12 qualitative interviews with family members of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were conducted. Adopting Reflexive Methodology, the interpretation is carried out following 4 levels, where the empirically grounded themes are analyzed and discussed using Habermas’s theoretical concept of communication. The analysis brought forward 2 interconnected themes about how family members experienced the communication with the healthcare professionals during their loved one’s hospitalization with COVID-19: The Structure and Form of the Communication and The Contents of the Communication. The study concludes that the family members experienced large variation in the ways that healthcare professionals communicated with them. This variation in communication goes for the when, how, what, and who—all adding to the level of uncertainty. The analyses show that the family members need more fixed patterns for the communication, more continuity in terms of who they speak to, and that they wish that the communication be conducted in a way that is true, right, and truthful.
Interventionist or internationalist? Coercion, self-determination, and humanitarianism in Third World practice
Authors: Quinton-Brown Patrick
Published: November 2021

This article argues that contemporary debates around intervention, and especially humanitarian intervention, have misunderstood the meaning of these concepts in Cold War international society. By comparing a specific kind of humanitarian interventionism with a specific kind of internationalism, that of a revolutionist strain of Third World practice, it shows that existing studies have paid too little attention to discursive entanglements of coercion, self-determination, and humanitarianism. The Angola case provides a significant illustration: in 1975 the problem of intervention comes to be tied not just to dictatorial interference, but to a logic of self-determination, which is itself tied to causes of anticolonialism and anti-racism. It is too easy to say that the period’s rules of non-intervention precluded the legitimate coercive prevention of atrocities and related international crimes. Particular practices of internationalism, linked to the promotion of self-determination, provided a basis for enforcing international human rights treaties, including the Genocide Convention. All this seems very different from what we usually know of the legitimacy of saving strangers and the character of Third World organising in the mid-20th century.
Comparison of Long-term Human Precision-cut Lung Slice Culture Methodology and Response to Challenge: An Argument for Standardisation
Authors: Patel Vivek , Amin Khalid , Allen David , Ukishima Lindsey , Wahab Adam , Grodi Chad , Behrsing Holger
Published: November 2021

As non-animal alternatives gain acceptance, a need for harmonised testing strategies has emerged. Arguably the most physiologically-relevant model for assessing potential respiratory toxicants, that based on human precision-cut lung slices (hPCLS) has been utilised in many laboratories, but a variety of culture methodologies are employed. In this pilot study, combinations of three different hPCLS culture methods (dynamic organ roller culture (DOC), air–liquid interface (ALI) and submersion) and various media (based on E-199, DMEM/F12 and RPMI-1640) were compared. The hPCLS were assessed in terms of their viability and responsiveness to challenge. The endpoints selected to compare the medium–method (M–M) combinations, which included histological features and viability, were evaluated at day 14 (D14) and day 28 (D28); protein and adenylate kinase (AK) content, and cytokine response to immunostimulants (lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 5 μg/ml; polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) at 15 μg/ml) were evaluated at D28 only. Based on the set of endpoints assessed at D28, it was clear that certain culture conditions significantly affected the hPCLS, with the tissue retaining more of its native features and functionality (in terms of cytokine response) in some of the M–M combinations tested more than others. This pilot study indicates that the use of appropriate M–M combinations can help maintain the health and functional responses of hPCLS, and highlights the need for the standardisation of culture conditions in order to facilitate effective inter-laboratory comparisons and encourage greater acceptance by the regulatory community.
Information overload in business organizations and entrepreneurship: An analytical review of the literature
Authors: Bhambri CA(Dr.) Gaurav
Published: November 2021

In this paper I analytically review the literature on the information overload problem, with special reference to the business organizations and entrepreneurship and the study mainly reveals that the problem of the information overload has been existed for many years, whereas in current years the problem has become more clearly recognized and experienced. A concern stressed in the literature is the paradoxical situation that most probably there is an abundance of information available and it is often difficult to obtain useful, and relevant information when it may be needed. Both perceptions and the actual effects of information overload have exacerbated by rapid advances made in the information and communication technology, whereas it is not clear cut as to whether Internet has worsened/improved the situation. Some solutions have put forward to reduce the information overload are a reduction in duplication of the information found in professional literature; the adoption of the personal information management strategies, along with the integration of software solutions such as push technology and intelligent agents; and the provision of value-added information. Main emphasis is placed on the technology as a tool and not driver, while increased in information literacy may provide key to reducing the information overload in organisations.
Abnormal resting-state brain activity and connectivity of brain-bladder control network in overactive bladder syndrome
Authors: Biao Wang , Long Zuo , Yang Zhou , Hua Gu , Shuangkun Wang
Published: December 2021

Background

Neuroimaging studies have shown that the brain is involved in the mechanism of overactive bladder disease (OAB).

Purpose

To explorer spatial patterns of spontaneous neural activities and functional integration in patients with OAB.

Material and Methods

In total, 28 patients with OAB and 28 matched healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and completed questionnaires to assess clinical symptoms. The amplitude of low-frequency ﬂuctuation (ALFF) and ROI-based functional connectivity (FC) within the brain-bladder control network (BBCN) were calculated and compared between the two groups using a two-sample t-test. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between ALFF and the clinical score of patients with OAB.

Results

Compared with HCs, patients with OAB exhibited significantly decreased ALFF in the left superior medial middle gyrus (SFGmed) and superior dorsal frontal gyrus (SFGdor), and increased ALFF in the right hippocampus. Furthermore, ALFF values in the left SFGmed were negatively correlated with OABSS scores. FC in patients with OAB was significantly increased between the bilateral caudate nucleus (CAU) and bilateral SFGdor, the bilateral CAU and bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA), the bilateral thalamus and SMA; the left CAU and bilateral SFGmed, the left CAU and bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus, and the left CAU and left insula. Additionally, decreased FC was found between the bilateral amygdala and bilateral SFGmed and the left SMA and left insula.

Conclusion

These abnormal activities and connectivities of BBCN may indicate impaired cortical control of micturition in OAB, suggesting a possible neural mechanism of OAB.
Management of heparin resistance due to antithrombin deficiency in a Chinese pregnant woman: a case report
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxin , Guo Feng , Wang Qiaohong , Bai Wenxin , Zhao Aimin
Published: December 2021

Untreated individuals with antithrombin (AT) deficiency are at higher risk of thrombosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The present recommendations are mostly empirical for treating patients with AT deficiency during pregnancy because of the absence of guidelines. We report a rare case of heparin resistance due to AT deficiency in a pregnant 32-year-old Chinese woman. We also reviewed the English medical literature for AT deficiency and its association with thromboembolism and treatment. This patient suffered two early miscarriages because of thrombosis due to AT deficiency. The patient was administered the combination of adequate low molecular weight heparin with fresh frozen plasma and warfarin because of her heparin resistance. She delivered a healthy female newborn without any adverse effects of the anticoagulation therapy. Our findings suggest that the combination of adequate low molecular weight heparin with fresh frozen plasma and warfarin is effective for preventing thrombus during pregnancy.
Sliding mode control of boost rectifiers operating in discontinuous conduction mode for small wind power generators
Authors: Bendaoud Mohamed
Published: December 2021

This paper presents an approach to design the sliding mode control for an AC-DC converter, consisting of a diode rectifier in series with a boost converter. The results obtained show that this converter with the proposed control law can be used to control the extraction of mechanical power when connecting the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) to a wind turbine. The boost converter operates in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) in order to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the currents in the PMSG. To verify the performance of the proposed method, a simulation study is performed.
Examining the Effect of Perceived Responsibility on Online Bystander Intervention, Target Hardening, and Inaction
Authors: Butler Leah C. , Graham Amanda , Fisher Bonnie S. , Henson Billy , Reyns Bradford W.
Published: December 2021

Failure to take responsibility for intervening has been identified as a primary barrier to bystander intervention. Building on these findings, we examine how perceptions of responsibility affect responses to witnessing victimization in the online realm—a topic that has received limited attention. Using a maximum-likelihood selection model, we analyze data from the Pew American Trends Panel ( N = 3709) to estimate the effects of respondents’ perceptions of the role different groups should play in addressing online harassment on their likelihood to engage in intervention, target hardening, or inaction in response to witnessing online harassment, conditioned upon their likelihood of having witnessed such behavior. Findings indicate that the greater role respondents believe online users should have in addressing online harassment, the more likely they are to intervene. ( b = .310). The greater role respondents believe law enforcement or elected officials should have in addressing online harassment, the less likely they are to intervene ( b = −.135 and −.072, respectively). These findings have implications for future efforts to curb online harassment through users’ crime prevention efforts.
Breaking nation: Brazilian transnational children’s construction of belonging in bilingual classrooms
Authors: Lima Becker Mariana , Oliveira Gabrielle
Published: November 2021

This article explores Brazilian children’s belonging-making in Portuguese–English bilingual classrooms in the United States. Drawing on ethnographic data collected over fifteen months, we found that the participating Brazilian children frequently referenced Brazil in their classrooms. Through these references, the children forged their own conceptions of what belonging means and created spaces of belonging in their bilingual classrooms. Connections to Brazil were established through the evocation of memories, allusions to loved ones physically there, and by claiming identities as Portuguese speakers. We argue that the children’s actions and narratives had the effect of disrupting the tenets of traditional nations: common culture, territory, and language.
Smart handheld device with flexible wrist and electrical bioimpedance sensor for tissue inspection
Authors: Cheng Zhuo-Qi , He Jiale , Zhou Liang , Li Yu , Lin Pengjie , Guo Jing , Cai Shuting , Xiong Xiaoming
Published: December 2021

With the evolving demands of surgical intervention, there is a strong need for smaller and functionally augmented instruments to improve surgical outcomes, operational convenience, and diagnostic safety. Owing to the narrow and complicated anatomy, the probe head of the medical instrument is required to possess both good maneuverability and compact size. In addition, the development of medical instrument is moving toward patient-specialized, of which the articulation positions can be customized to reach the target position. To fulfill these requirements, this study presents the design of a smart handheld device which equips with a low cost, easy control, disposable flexible wrist, and an electrical bioimpedance sensor for medical diagnosis. Prototype of the device is made and tested. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed device can provide accurate manipulation and effective tissue detection, showing a great potential in various medical applications.
Leukemoid Reaction and Preterm Birth: A Case Report of FIRS (Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome)
Authors: Tagliani Sara , Casadio Luca , Radice Caterina , Bruno Ivana , Piccinini Giancarlo , Ventresca Silvia , Zago Silvia , Suppiej Agnese , Marchetti Federico
Published: December 2021

This article describes a case of severe hyperleukocytosis in a preterm infant with fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) associated with funisitis of umbilical cord and intrauterine inflammation. FIRS is a cause of leukocytosis in newborn, as well as leukemoid reaction in 21 trisomy, congenital leukemia, sepsis, and steroid prophylaxis. Inflammatory response syndrome is associated with high mortality, developmental impairment and complications of prematurity like intraventricular hemorrhage, chronic lung disease, periventricular leukomalacia, and sepsis.
Mitigating emotional responses to stressors: coping strategies, modifiers and support
Authors: Dennis D. , van Heerden P.V , Knott C. , Khanna R.
Published: November 2021

Objective:

The stressful nature of the intensive care unit (ICU) environment is increasingly well characterised. The aim of this paper was to explore modifiers, coping strategies and support pathways identified by experienced Intensivists, in response to these stressors.

Method:

Prospective qualitative study employing interviews with Intensivists in two countries. Participants were asked how they mitigated their emotional responses to the stressors of the ICU. Audio-recordings were transcribed and analysed by all researchers who agreed upon emerging themes and subthemes.

Results:

A wide range of strategies were reported. Although several participants had sought professional help and all supported its utility, few disclosed accessing such help to others indicating stigma. Many felt a sense of responsibility for the well-being of other staff but identified barriers that suggest alternate support pathways are required. Further implications of these findings to training considerations are described.

Conclusions:

Several approaches were described as regularly employed by Intensivists to mitigate ICU environmental stressors. Intensivists perceive themselves to have limited training to provide support to others; they also perceive stigma in seeking professional help.
Relationship Between Quality of Care and Patient Care Outcomes for Postoperative Pain in Major Orthopedic Surgery: Analytical and Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Özdemir Cafer , Karazeybek Ebru , Söyüncü Yetkin
Published: December 2021

The quality of care provided for the management of postoperative pain and patient outcomes are key criteria for healthcare institutions. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the quality of care provided for the alleviation of postoperative pain experienced among patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery and the patient care outcomes. The study was designed as an analytical and cross-sectional study. The rates of pain severity and sleep interference, activity interference, affective experiences, and adverse effects due to postoperative pain were higher in female patients than in male patients. A significant positive correlation was identified between the quality of postoperative pain care and the perception of care ( p < .05). Implementing nursing interventions to improve pain management and increase the quality of care appears to be vital elements for reducing adverse effects caused by pain and increasing the satisfaction with postoperative pain care.
Moments of Meaningfulness and Meaninglessness: A Qualitative Inquiry Into Affective Eudaimonia at Work
Authors: Martikainen Suvi-Jonna , Kudrna Laura , Dolan Paul
Published: December 2021

Meaningful work (MW) is an important topic in psychological and organizational research with theoretical and practical implications. Many prior studies have focused on operationalizing MW and distinguish between the attributes of a job that make it meaningful, such as task variety or significance, and the affective experience of meaning during work, such as the feeling that what one does at work is meaningful. However, most empirical research focuses on the former definition and utilizes quantitative scales with deductive questions that omit what people find important in their experiences. To address this, we conduct a qualitative investigation of psychological narratives focusing in-depth on the quality and content of feelings of meaningfulness and meaninglessness during experiences at work—crucially, without any framing around task attributes. We introduce the term affective eudaimonia to describe these experiences. Overall, our results corroborate many existing thematic findings in the MW literature, such as the importance of connecting and contributing to others and avoiding confinement. We also offer new findings: Although the way that people give language to meaningless narratives is more descriptive, vivid, and experiential in tone than meaningful narratives, meaningless narratives are also more structurally static and constrained. We use these results to inform practical suggestions to promote day-to-day experiences of meaning at work and provide a basis for further academic discussion.
Insect-Thinking as Resistance to Education’s Human Exceptionalism: Relationality and Cuts in More-Than-Human Childhoods
Authors: Hohti Riikka , MacLure Maggie
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the “more-than-human” turn in qualitative inquiry and education, engaging with the critiques presented by philosophers, animal studies scholars, and educational scholars toward the “too easy” adoption of an inclusive relational ontology. Based on Barad’s concept of re-turning, the article develops a methodology of insect-thinking, which folds memories as well as scientific and “low theoretical” sources in and out the analysis to re-narrate child–animal encounters as entangled with place, time, class, poverty, displacement, imagination, and planetary futures. Insect-thinking produces irritations and interruptions to the human exceptionalism that underpins educational research and childhood studies. Based on conflicts, avoidance, and violence in child–insect relations, the authors discuss “cuts in relationality” and propose insect-thinking as means to approach more-than-human worlds as both shared and incommensurable.
Evaluation of ocular biometric parameters in keratoconic eyes relative to healthy myopic eyes
Authors: Yağmur Kanra Ayşe , Uslu Haşim
Published: December 2021

Objective

To assess the biometric features of keratoconic eyes using the Lenstar LS900 and Pentacam systems relative to healthy myopic eyes.

Materials and Methods

Seventy-three eyes of keratoconic subjects and 83 eyes of control subjects were enrolled. To evaluate the reproducibility of the Lenstar and Pentacam devices’ measurements, keratometric readings [in flattest meridian (Kf), in steepest meridian (Ks), and mean (Km)], central corneal thickness (CCT), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were obtained using both systems. Axial length and lens thickness (LT) were measured by the Lenstar. The compatibility between the two devices was investigated using the Bland-Altman statistical method.

Results

Axial length was longer in the myopic group than in eyes with keratoconus (24.94  ±  0.7 and 23.88  ±  0.96 mm, respectively, p  <  0.001). LT and vitreous depth were also higher in the myopic group, although ACD values were similar. Compared to the Lenstar, the Pentacam measured the ACD and CCT values higher in the myopia group [with a difference of 0.07  ±  0.12 mm ( p <0.001) and 4.47  ±  11.33 µm ( p   =   0.001), respectively] and measured the CCT values higher in the keratoconus group. Pentacam found all keratometry values significantly lower than Lenstar in the keratoconus group.

Conclusions

Axial length was longer in the myopic eyes due to the differences starting from the lens and extending to the posterior segment. Lenstar and Pentacam can be used interchangeably for Km, Kf, and ACD in the myopic group and only for ACD in the keratoconus group.
The bounds of suicide talk: Implications for qualitative suicide research
Authors: Ranahan Patti , Keefe Veronica
Published: November 2021

Following the implementation of a provincial suicide prevention gatekeeper training initiative in western Canada between 2015 and 2018, we conducted a focused ethnography designed to capture the post-initiative context within one small community. Analyses of our field observations and interviews with community members suggest suicide prevention work is represented in multiple informal or coordinated actions to generate innovative pathways to provoke open conversations about suicide. Simultaneously, suicide talk is constrained and managed to limit vulnerability and exposure and adhere to community privacy norms. Further, parameters around suicide talk may be employed in efforts to construct the community and mental health care in livable ways. As the research process paralleled existing representations of suicide prevention work in the community, this paper explores our entanglement in the bounds of suicide talk during phases of recruitment, data collection and knowledge translation activities.
Special investigative measures: Comparison of the Serbian Criminal Procedure Code with the European Court of Human Rights Standards
Authors: Turanjanin Veljko
Published: December 2021

This paper is focused on several important issues that deal with special investigation measures. The main perspective of the analysis is based on the ECtHR case law on this issue. Two issues are from primary interests: secret monitoring of communication and undercover investigator. Intensive ICT development enables various modern techniques and methods of crime investigation but also results in some new types of crime that could be committed using ICT. Expansion of the fundamental rights and their protection, especially in Europe, raised global awareness of the right to privacy and the need to protect it. Having that in mind, it seems that the main question that should be answered by legislator is: Where is the borderline between the right to privacy and the public interest to investigate or prevent crime and collect evidence? The undercover investigator falls under Article 6 of the Convention and there are different rules on the admissibility of such evidence. Serbian Criminal Procedure Law on some points is in line with ECtHR standards, but some very important provisions, as well as practice, are not.
Private communication between lawyers as evidence in a judicial process: A comparative journey
Authors: Pico i Junoy Joan , López Juan Antonio Andino
Published: December 2021

In professional negotiations between lawyers, it is usual to share information, data and documents that could be protected with legal privilege. This paper analyses, from a comparative perspective, the possible evidentiary use of the documents that a lawyer obtains from the opposing lawyer in a subsequent judicial process. A conflict is presented here between two fundamental procedural guarantees: The right to evidence of the party that possesses the documents and the right to defence and legal privilege of the party that delivered them in the prior negotiation to the lawsuit. The solution provided by different legal systems is therefore not always straightforward, because some legal systems do protect legal privilege and others protect the right to evidence, with different solutions for the rights put in balance here.
Policing the coronavirus pandemic: Nigeria police senior officers’ views on preparedness, response, legitimacy and post-COVID policing
Authors: Aborisade Richard A. , Ariyo Oluwajuwon G.
Published: December 2021

In the wake of pandemic policing occasioned by COVID-19, Nigeria police have been facing challenges of a lack of legitimacy, together with what is termed the militarization of police operations. This has impacted considerably on police–community relations. Meanwhile, early reports on the police response to the pandemic indicated high levels of lockdown violation, despite adoption of a militarized option in the enforcement of restriction orders. In reviewing one of the first police interventions on a public health crisis in Nigeria, a qualitative study was conducted among top-ranking police officers who supervised the enforcement of lockdown and other COVID-19 measures. Sixteen interviews were conducted and a thematic analysis of the narratives was carried out. Police unpreparedness for public health interventions, and public resistance to the use of repressive, force-led styles of policing were identified as major impediments to positive pandemic policing. Therefore, police officers are advised to ensure the application of procedurally just practices in their interactions with the public.
Development and validation of ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous estimation of dolutegravir, lamivudine and tenofovir in bulk and tablet dosage form
Authors: Veerareddy Vyshali , Dodda Sireesha , Gangarapu Kiran
Published: December 2021

A simple, selective and rapid ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of dolutegravir, lamivudine and tenofovir in bulk and tablet dosage form. Chromatographic separation was attained on Acquity Ethylene Bridged Hybrid (BEH) C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 3.5 µm), using a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water (60:40, v/v) as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.12 mL/min. The total run time of analysis was 3.5 min. The analytes were detected using tandem mass spectrometry, operating in positive ionization and multiple reaction monitoring modes. The method's linearity was determined to be in the range of 10–150 ng/mL with r2 > 0.99. The proposed method was validated as per the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, and the results were found well within the acceptance limits. The method was successfully applied for the simultaneous quantification of all the three analytes in the combined tablet dosage form.
North Thames multi-centre service evaluation: Ethical considerations during COVID-19
Authors: Sunil Kumar Namithaa , Sipanoun Pippa , Dittborn Mariana , Doyle Mary , Aylett Sarah
Published: December 2021

Objectives

During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare resources including staff were diverted from paediatric services to support COVID-positive adult patients. Hospital visiting restrictions and reductions in face-to-face paediatric care were also enforced. We investigated the impact of service changes during the first wave of the pandemic on children and young people (CYP), to inform recommendations for maintaining their care during future pandemics.

Design

A multi-centre service evaluation was performed through a survey of consultant paediatricians working within the North Thames Paediatric Network, a group of paediatric services in London. We investigated six areas: redeployment, visiting restrictions, patient safety, vulnerable children, virtual care and ethical issues.

Results

Survey responses were received from 47 paediatricians across six National Health Service Trusts. Children's right to health was largely believed to be compromised by the prioritisation of adults during the pandemic (81%; n = 33). Sub-optimal paediatric care due to redeployment (61%; n = 28) and the impact of visiting restrictions on CYP's mental health (79%; n = 37) were reported. Decreased hospital attendances of CYP were associated with parental fear of COVID-19 infection-risks (96%; n = 45) and government ‘stay at home’ advice (89%; n = 42). Reductions in face-to-face care were noted to have disadvantaged those with complex needs, disabilities and safeguarding concerns.

Conclusion

Consultant paediatricians perceived that paediatric care was compromised during the first wave of the pandemic, resulting in harm to children. This harm must be minimised in subsequent pandemics. Recommendations for future practice which were developed from our findings are provided, including maintaining face-to-face care for vulnerable children.
Time-Varying Proteinuria and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Graft Failure in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kuper Tanya , Famure Olusegun , Greenfield Jamie , Li Yanhong , Ibrahim Syed , Narang Tanya , Ashwin Monika , Joseph Kim S.
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Proteinuria is recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in kidney transplant recipients, but previous studies have not considered the impact of changes in urine protein over time. Research Question and Design: We used time-dependent, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models in this observational cohort study of adult kidney transplant recipients to evaluate whether proteinuria measured by dipstick on random spot urine samples starting from 1-month post-transplant was associated with the risk of major adverse cardiac events and graft loss. Results: A total of 144 major adverse cardiac events, defined as acute myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, revascularization, or all-cause mortality, were observed in 1106 patients over 5728.7 person-years. Any level of proteinuria greater or equal to trace resulted in a two-fold increase in the risk of major adverse cardiac events (hazard ratio 2.00 [95% confidence interval 1.41, 2.84]). This relationship was not found to be dose-dependent (hazard ratios of 2.98, 1.76, 1.63, and 1.54 for trace, 1+, 2+, and 3+ urine protein, respectively). There was an increased risk of graft failure with greater urine protein concentration (hazard ratios 2.22, 2.85, 6.41, and 19.71 for trace, 1+, 2+, and 3+, respectively). Conclusion: Urine protein is associated with major adverse cardiac events and graft loss in kidney transplant recipients. The role of interventions to reduce proteinuria on decreasing the risk of adverse cardiovascular and graft outcomes in kidney transplant recipients requires further study.
Awareness of Oral Disorders Among Community-Dwelling Elderly Spaniards
Authors: Cea-Arestín Pablo , Blanco-Hortas Andrés , Varela-Centelles Pablo , Seoane-Romero Javier , Varela-Centelles Almudena , Seoane-Romero Juan M.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Oral status has a clear impact on systemic health, a key component of successful aging. Awareness of oral disorders permits early diagnoses and treatments. This study investigates oral disorders awareness among community-dwelling elders. Methods: Community-based survey through face-to-face interviews undertaken in four cities at busy commercial and administrative areas. Results: A total of 789 people were recruited, mostly nonsmoker (60.3%) males (56.9%) with basic education (65.6%). The most frequently recalled disorder was bruxism, followed by periodontal diseases and ulcerations/aphthae. Caries was mentioned by 3.91%. Dentate participants were more aware of dental-related disorders, such as bruxism ( p = .001) and periodontitis ( p = .010), except for caries ( p = .100). Caries awareness was related to educational level ( p = .018) and smoking ( p = .020), as was oral cancer ( p = .019) with former smokers more aware of this neoplasm. Education was strongly related with periodontal awareness ( p = .001). Conclusion: Awareness of the main oral disorders is worryingly poor among the elderly population and immediate action is required by taking advantage of the position of family nurses in the treatment of systemic chronic disorders and through educational interventions on this population subgroup to ease preventive behaviors, favor early diagnoses, and promote simpler, more effective treatments with a lower financial burden.
Seepage behavior assessment of earth-rock dams based on Bayesian network
Authors: He Lu , Wang Shijun , Gu Yanchang , Pang Qiong , Wu Yunxing , Ding Jiefa , Yan Jihao
Published: December 2021

Seepage behavior assessment is an important part of the safety operation assessment of earth-rock dams, because of insufficient intelligent analysis of monitoring information, abnormal phenomena or measured values are often ignored or improperly processed. To improve the intelligent performance of the monitoring system, this article has established an assessment framework covering project quality, maintenance status, monitoring data analysis, and on-site inspection based on the relevant norms of seepage safety assessment of earth-rock dams and the expert survey scoring method, and the Leaky Noisy-OR Gate extended model were used to determine the probability of events, and the dynamic and static Bayesian networks used to assess the possibility of seepage failure of earth-rock dams and diagnose the most likely cause of failure. The function of static and dynamic Bayesian networks to assess the seepage behavior of earth-rock dams, abnormal measured values, and causes of anomalies can make up for the limitations of reservoir management personnel and monitoring system in seepage failure experience and seepage knowledge of earth-rock dams and enable better handling of abnormal phenomena and monitoring information, making the monitoring system more intelligent.