bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overview of road performance on the tsunami evacuation road during the n-COVID19 pandemic
Authors: Yossyafra  , Ramadhani Anyta , Gusman Vina , Herimarni Monica
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world in various sectors and human activities. Limiting human activity and mobility also has an impact on transportation and traffic. This study aims to calculate the capacity and performance of roads under normal pandemic conditions before PSBB (Large-Scale Social Restrictions) in April 2020 and New Normal in July 2002, as well as predict traffic conditions if the Tsunami disaster hits the city during both periods. Tsunami Evacuation roads in Padang City were selected for analysis. The Indonesian Road Capacity Manual 1997 on urban roads is used as a reference for analyzing road performance indicators. The results showed that; road performance during the PSBB period was better than the New Normal period. The effect of volume and side traffic disturbance factors in the New Normal period makes a significant decrease in performance. Through prediction simulations, if a Tsunami occurs in the two study periods, the analyzed roads can relatively serve evacuation movements. However, the capacity needs to be increased for normal conditions.
Overview of 1990s deadly tsunamis in Indonesia
Authors: Julius Admiral Musa , Daryono
Published: December 2021

In the 1990s there were 7 (seven) deadly tsunami events due to earthquakes in Indonesia. There is M 7.8 North-east of Flores island sea earthquake (1992), M 7.6 South of Java island sea earthquake (1994), M 6.8 South of Timor Island sea earthquake (1995), M 7.8 North-west of Sulawesi island sea earthquake (1996), M 7.9 East of Biak island sea earthquake (1996), M 7.7 Taliabu island sea earthquake (1998), and M 7.4 East of Banggai Island sea earthquake (2000). Those earthquake and tsunami disasters events affected the number of casualties and damaged houses in coastal areas. Surely those events present a few lessons learned for future disaster preparedness in Indonesia.
Analysis of urban flood using synthetic unit hydrograph (SUH) and flood mitigation strategies along way Halim River: a case study on Seroja street, Tanjung Senang District
Authors: Pratiwi Dian , Fitri Arniza , Phelia Arlina , Annisa Amara Adma Nabila , Kastamto
Published: December 2021

In the urban area, flooding becomes the most common disaster that has not been resolved until today. The utilization of river border area into housing and lack of absorption area becomes the trigger factor of urban flooding, as what is happening around Way Halim River on Seroja street. In this area, floods often happen during the rainy season, with the latest events recorded on January 21st, 2021. Analysis of flood intensities and discharges can be parameters for the decision-making of flood mitigation strategies. This study aims to analyze the flood discharges along Way Halim River, Seroja street by comparing the flood discharges resulting from three analysis methods of Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) including Gama I SUH, Nakayasu SUH, and Snyder SUH. Finally, suitable flood mitigation strategies were also proposed in this study based on the flood discharges and rain intensities. The results showed that Nakayasu SUH had the highest peak flood discharge than Snyder SUH and Gama I SUH. Based on the results of the investigation of land suitability; and analysis of rainfall intensities and flood discharges, the proposed flood mitigation in Seroja street is by installing biopore infiltration holes along Seroja street for storing water and reducing the risk of flooding in the area.
Analyses of flood peak discharge in Cimadur river basin, Banten Province, Indonesia
Authors: Fitri Arniza , Nurul Hadie Muhammad Shubhi , Agustina Adelia , Pratiwi Dian , Susarman  , Pramita Galuh , Salah H. R. Ali
Published: December 2021

Cimadur river basin is one of the most important catchment areas in Lebak District, Banten Province. For the past few years, the catchment has experienced floods during the rainy season. The big issue of flooding has been recorded recently in December 2019 which has caused damage and negative impacts to the local people and surrounding community. This study aims to analyze the possibility of flood peak discharges in the catchment area of the Cimadur river. The flood discharges are calculated for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years return period based on the daily rainfall data from the year 2011 to 2020. The rainfall and land use data are obtained from PT Saeba Consultant. In this study, the hydrological analyses are including 1) analyses of average annual rainfall using the Thiessen method; 2) analyses of rainfall distribution and estimation of design rainfall by considering three methods involving: Log-Normal, Log Pearson Type III, and Gumbel Type 1; and 3) analyses of flood discharges by adopting Nakayasu Synthetic Hydrograph Unit (SHU). The rainfall distribution analyses show that the Log Pearson Type III provided the best fit. Based on the flood peak discharges analyses, the results show that the flood discharges for the 5, 10, 25, and 50 years return period in the Cimadur river basin are 470.71 m3/s, 560.16 m3/s, 698 m3/s, and 820.4 m3/s, respectively.
Organoleptic properties of pineapple peel juice marinated beef (Ananas comosus L. Merr)
Authors: Hafid Harapin , Patriani Peni , Sepriadi Sigit , Ananda Siti Hadrayanti
Published: December 2021

Beef has a high level of toughness that is not liked by consumers. The solution to increasing beef tenderness is to soften the beef. One method for tendering the beef is by marinating using local ingredients that are easily available, abundant, and inexpensive, namely pineapple. Pineapple peel is waste from pineapple that has not been utilized and is usually discarded. In pineapple peel, there is a bromelain enzyme thought to be able to hydrolyse protein so that it can tender beef. The purpose of this study was to find out the organoleptic properties of beef using the marination with various pineapple peel juice concentrations (Ananas comosus L. Merr) namely 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replications. The parameters in this study were organoleptic properties namely colour, aroma, texture, tenderness, and taste. Results of the study showed that beef marination with various pineapple peel juice concentrations had a significant difference (P<0.05) on taste, texture, and tenderness of beef but had no significant difference in colour and aroma (P>0.05)
Financial and marketing analysis of pedada syrup (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) in Sei Nagalawan village, North Sumatra province, Indonesia
Authors: Purwoko Agus , Hartini Kansih Sri , Rajagukguk Posma Agustinus
Published: December 2021

Sei Nagalawan village is one of the coastal villages in Perbaungan district, Serdang Bedagai regency that has the potential of mangrove ecosystems. Some fishermans in this village use pedada fruit (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) to be processed commercially into pedada syrup. Pedada syrup is marketed in mangrove tourist sites of Kampung Nypah and around Perbaungan district. This research aimed to analyze the financial feasibility, flow and marketing margins of the pedada syrup making business conducted by the Sei Nagalawan village community. The method used is quantitative descriptive analysis on the business actors processing, distribution and marketing of pedada syrup. The results showed that the business of making pedada syrup was feasible with an R/C ratio of 5, a break event point of 17 bottles and a payback period of 2 production cycles. The marketing flow of the pedada syrup business consists of 2 channels, namely the short line (direct) marketing channel and the long line marketing channel. The profit margin obtained by the producer through the short line marketing channel is IDR. 9.000,-/bottle. In the long line marketing channel, the margin obtained by producers is IDR. 6.000,-, collectors of IDR. 1,000, and retailers IDR. 2,000,per bottle.
The Role of BUMKam to rebranding palm sugar products in village of Sakaq Tada, regency of West Kutai
Authors: Widodo Agung Sugeng , Prasetya Arik , Sutopo Dhanny Septimawan , Saptadi Darmawan , Ridlo Mahmuddin
Published: December 2021

Village-owned enterprises have a strong role in rebranding superior village products to increase people’s income and employment. Researcher of Doktor Mengabdi (DM) Program from the University of Brawijaya has entered the 5th year of the 2017-2021 activity roadmap in Sakaq Tada Village, Mook Manaar Bulatn District, West Kutai Regency. In the 5th year, the DM team focused their activities on rebranding BUMKam palm sugar processed products to accelerate the industrialization of superior products in West Kutai Regency. Palm sugar is a superior regional product in West Kutai Regency. The sub-districts with the highest sugar palm commodities in West Kutai Regency are Barong Tongkok at 9.44 tons/year, Peninggahan at 7.24 tons/year, and Mook Manaar Bulatn at 6.92 tons/year. Mook Manaar Bulatn District can develop as a superior product of regional palm sugar in the long term with a large plantation area. BUMKam Sakaq Tada, as a distributor, accommodates palm sugar from farmers, then packaging and sales are carried out with the planned consumer net strategy. BUMKam Sakaq Tada needs to synergize with various stakeholders to maximize the marketing and distribution of palm sugar products
Young consumer awareness of halal food in Indonesia
Authors: Khaliqi Muhammad , Chairuna Pane Tasya
Published: December 2021

The future of the halal product industry in Indonesia is determined by Indonesian consumers’ demand. Young consumers have a significant role in the development of halal products because 25 percent of consumers in Indonesia are young consumers. Therefore, this research focused on the awareness of young Indonesian consumers to halal products. The purpose of this study was to analyse the factors affecting the awareness of young Indonesian consumers. The data used were cross-section data collected from young consumers of halal products for the 17-25 age group by using 157 respondents. Convenience sampling was used to determine the interview sample. Data were analysed using the Structural Equation Model method. The results show that the young consumer awareness of halal food in Indonesia was high. The factors affecting young consumer awareness were health and religion knowledge.
Isolation, molecular characterization and preliminary screening for probiotic properties of lactobacillus fermentum from indigenous dahi
Authors: Farid Wajiha , Masud Tariq , Sohail Asma
Published: December 2021

Indigenous dahi is an analogue to fermented milk product of Pakistan produce by uncharacterized strains of LAB. It hides lots of health beneficial properties and unexplored micro-flora. On microbial examination of indigenous dahi, it was found that L. fermentum was most dominant spp. (22 isolates) of LAB in it. Upon safety assessment eleven showed negative hemolytic and gelatinase activity. All these eleven strains were molecularly characterized through PCR by using universal primers (9F and 1510R). Obtained sequences were submitted to Gene data base of NCBI under accession numbers KX944639-42, KX957930-33 and KY069971-73. Furthermore these strains were screened on the basis of acid and bile tolerance and antimicrobial activity. KX957931, KX957932 and KY069973 were selected for further studies of functional attributes.
Analysis of antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of ethanol extract of Litsea cubeba Lour. Bark
Authors: Dalimunthe Aminah , Pertiwi Dewi , Muhammad Mahatir , Satria Denny
Published: December 2021

Free radicals also play a role in the pathology of various degenerative diseases such as cancer, rheumatism, coronary heart disease, cataracts, and others. Free radicals can come from within the body (endogenous) and outside the body (exogenous). Litsea cubeba (Lour,) is a Lauraceae family plant which have contents volatile oils which used as antimicrobial, anticancer on breast cancer, pesticide, antideppressants, antiinflammation, antioxidant, and neuro pharmacology. The extract was prepared using water with the soxhletation method. The antioxidant activity was determined with the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-Azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6)-sulfonic acid] -diammonium salt (ABTS) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) methods. Total flavonoid and total phenolic content were determined with colorimetric methods. Antioxidant activity measured as IC50 was 23.37 ± 0.42 µg/mL; 111.21 ± 0.42 and 109.01 ± 0.28 respectively. The extract was found to contain high levels of total phenolic (282.93 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid 7.49 ± 0.51 mg QE/g). The results reveal that ethanol extract of Litsea cubeba Lour. Bark has antioxidant potential. The further analysis is to isolation antioxidant compound.
Management model and feasibility of agroforestry practices in Sipolha Horison village, Simalungun regency, North Sumatra province, Indonesia
Authors: Purwoko Agus , Ahmad Alfan Gunawan , Saragih Jawanri Maurisco
Published: December 2021

Agroforestry is a deliberate combination of agriculture and forestry to create an integrated environment and sustainable land use system. This study aims to identify the form of agroforestry management and the financial feasibility of agroforestry in Sipolha Horison Village. The research method is descriptive analysis and financial analysis using NVP, BCR, and IRR parameters. The results showed that there were two agroforestry patterns commonly practiced by the people of Sipolha Horison Village, Pematang Sidamanik District, namely agroforestry pattern A (suren and coffee plants) and agroforestry pattern B (suren, coffee, and clove plants). The results of the analysis show that suren agroforestry produces an NPV value of Rp. 166,343,919, - per ha (at an interest rate of 8%), Rp. 126,566,124, 51 per ha (at an interest rate of 10%), and Rp. 73,322,098.68 per ha (at an interest rate of 14%). The BCR value with an interest rate of 8% is 4.29, at a 10% interest rate is 3.78, and at a 14% interest rate is 2.94, with an IRR value of 17.6%. Overall these results indicate that agroforestry practices in Sipolha Horison Village, Pematang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency are feasible to cultivate.
Thoraxchirurgische Aspekte beim Polytrauma
Authors: Toffel Melanie , Pin Martin , Ludwig Corinna
Published: December 2021

Häufig sind thorakale Verletzungen Begleitverletzungen im Rahmen eines Polytraumas. Die Therapie polytraumatisierter Patienten ist anspruchsvoll und nur im interdisziplinären Kontext erfolgversprechend. Aus thoraxchirurgischer Sicht steht dabei das stumpfe Thoraxtrauma im Vordergrund.
Diaphyseal Radius Fracture Associated with Irreducible Head Dislocation. Case Report
Authors: Blanco Alfredo Villar , Barbero Patricia Gómez , Aparicio María Del Sol Gómez , Correa Jose Ignacio Pérez
Published: December 2021

Irreducible dislocation of the radial head is an extremely rare lesion, especially in an adult patient. We present a case of diaphyseal radius fracture associated with a posterior elbow dislocation and an irreducible radial head dislocation. After closed reduction of the elbow, we performed open reduction and ostheosynthesis of the radius, and the radial head remained irreducible. We finally found, surrounding the radius, the interposition of the insertion of the biceps, and, after extracting it, we performed the correct reduction of the radial head. Six months after the surgery, the patient presented a full articular balance, with no pain. We have not found any similar case in the literature.
Usefulness of the Ultrasound in Hand Surgery: Part I
Authors: Díaz Homid Fahandezh-Saddi , Fernández Fernando Dávila , Horcajadas Ángel Bueno , Martínez Manuel Villanueva , Yubero María Elena Cantero
Published: December 2021

In the last years, ultrasonography (US) of the wrist and hand have increased in popularity. Technical advances led us to improve image quality and have the ability to see superficial soft-tissue structures with high resolution with the patient in our office.

The advantages of US are the fact that it is noninvasive, its lack of ionising radiation, low cost, and portability. The dynamic real-time assessment in the office is an additional benefit.

Ultrasound can be used in hand surgery for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. We can use US for injections with needle guidance, for the evaluation of soft-tissue masses, foreign bodies, tendon injuries, compressive neuropathies, and rheumatologic joint disease. It also helps us perform ultrasound-guided procedures: carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, and intersection syndrome or compartimental syndrome.

The aim of the present review is to describe different uses of US in hand surgery to show its important role of providing to the surgeon more information on the diseases of their patients.
Debates about vaccines and climate change on social media networks: a study in contrasts
Authors: Schonfeld Justin , Qian Edward , Sinn Jason , Cheng Jeffrey , Anand Madhur , Bauch Chris T.
Published: December 2021

Vaccines and climate change have much in common. In both cases, a scientific consensus contrasts with a divided public opinion. They also exemplify coupled human–environment systems involving common pool resources. Here we used machine learning algorithms to analyze the sentiment of 87 million tweets on climate change and vaccines in order to characterize Twitter user sentiment and the structure of user and community networks. We found that the vaccine conversation was characterized by much less interaction between individuals with differing sentiment toward vaccines. Community-level interactions followed this pattern, showing less interaction between communities of opposite sentiment toward vaccines. Additionally, vaccine community networks were more fragmented and exhibited numerous isolated communities of neutral sentiment. Finally, pro-vaccine individuals overwhelmingly believed in anthropogenic climate change, but the converse was not true. We propose mechanisms that might explain these results, pertaining to how the spatial scale of an environment system can structure human populations.
Untrained deep learning-based fringe projection profilometry
Authors: Yu Haotian , Han Bowen , Bai Lianfa , Zheng Dongliang , Han Jing
Published: December 2021

Deep learning-based fringe projection profilometry (FPP) shows potential for challenging three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of objects with dynamic motion, complex surface, and extreme environment. However, the previous deep learning-based methods are all supervised ones, which are difficult to be applied for scenes that are different from the training, thus requiring a large number of training datasets. In this paper, we propose a new geometric constraint-based phase unwrapping (GCPU) method that enables an untrained deep learning-based FPP for the first time. An untrained convolutional neural network is designed to achieve correct phase unwrapping through a network parameter space optimization. The loss function of the optimization is constructed by following the 3D, structural, and phase consistency. The designed untrained network directly outputs the desired fringe order with the inputted phase and fringe background. The experiments verify that the proposed GCPU method provides higher robustness compared with the traditional GCPU methods, thus resulting in accurate 3D reconstruction for objects with a complex surface. Unlike the commonly used temporal phase unwrapping, the proposed GCPU method does not require additional fringe patterns, which can also be used for the dynamic 3D measurement.
Corrigendum 2 (published 29 Oct 2021) to: What does it mean to be for a Place?
Authors: Borrelle Stephanie B. , Koch Jonathan B. , McDonough MacKenzie Caitlin , Ingeman Kurt E. , McGill Bonnie M. , Lambert Max R. , Belasen Anat M. , Dudney Joan , Chang Charlotte H. , Teffer Amy K. , Wu Grace C.
Published: December 2021

Indigenous knowledge is a multilayered knowledge system that can effectively manage global ecosystem and biodiversity conservation. Conservation is an applied discipline with the goal of preserving the world's biodiversity and ecosystems. However, settler–coloniser conservation practices often fail to fully examine how settler–coloniser epistemologies are centred at the expense of Indigenous conservation praxis. Evaluating how conservation practices outside of an Indigenous lens can become more inclusive and just is a critical area for research and reflection. We draw on our own experiences as early-career researchers working towards anticolonial, just and inclusive approaches to conservation science and practice by discussing what it means to be for a Place. We believe that a non-Indigenous conservationist who is for a Place advocates for inclusive stewardship with Indigenous Peoples and other marginalised communities to conserve species and ecosystems and the connections that bind communities to their landscapes. As an example of how settler–coloniser conservation practitioners can be for a Place, we discuss writing a policy statement in 2019 on behalf of the Society for Conservation Biology opposing the construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope on the summit of Mauna Kea, Hawai‘i. We describe the thought process behind our policy statement and provide examples of other actions for conservation researchers and practitioners working to be for a Place. We aim to provide our colleagues, particularly those trained in settler–coloniser conservation practices, an opportunity to identify more just practices for the Places we aspire to conserve.
Predicting black spruce fuel characteristics with Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS)
Authors: Cameron H. A. , Schroeder D. , Beverly J. L.
Published: December 2021

Wildfire decision support systems combine fuel maps with other fire environment variables to predict fire behaviour and guide management actions. Until recently, financial and technological constraints have limited provincial fuel maps to relatively coarse spatial resolutions. Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS), a remote sensing technology that uses LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), is becoming an increasingly affordable and pragmatic tool for mapping fuels across localised and broad areas. Few studies have used ALS in boreal forest regions to describe structural attributes such as fuel load at a fine resolution (i.e. <100 m2 cell resolution). We used ALS to predict five forest attributes relevant to fire behaviour in black spruce (Picea mariana) stands in Alberta, Canada: canopy bulk density, canopy fuel load, stem density, canopy height and canopy base height. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) regression models indicated statistically significant relationships between ALS data and the forest metrics of interest (R2 ≥0.81 for all metrics except canopy base height which had a R2 value of 0.63). Performance of the regression models was acceptable and consistent with prior studies when applied to test datasets; however, regression models presented in this study mapped stand attributes at a much finer resolution (40 m2).
Global monitoring of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic through online surveys sampled from the Facebook user base
Authors: Astley Christina M. , Tuli Gaurav , Mc Cord Kimberly A. , Cohn Emily L. , Rader Benjamin , Varrelman Tanner J. , Chiu Samantha L. , Deng Xiaoyi , Stewart Kathleen , Farag Tamer H. , Barkume Kristina M. , LaRocca Sarah , Morris Katherine A. , Kreuter Frauke , Brownstein John S.
Published: December 2021

Significance

The University of Maryland Global COVID Trends and Impact Survey (UMD-CTIS), launched April 2020, is the largest remote global health monitoring system. This study includes ∼30 million responses through December 2020 from all 114 countries/territories with survey weights to adjust for nonresponse and demographics. Using self-reported cross-sectional survey data sampled daily from Facebook users, we confirm consistent demographics and COVID-19 symptoms. Our global model predicts local COVID-19 case trends. Importantly, one survey item strongly correlates with reported cases, demonstrating potential utility in locales with scant UMD-CTIS sampling or government data. Despite limitations resulting from sampling, nonresponse, coverage, and measurement error, UMD-CTIS has the potential to support existing monitoring systems for COVID-19 as well as other new as-yet-undefined global health threats.
Bilingual language development in autism
Authors: Prévost Philippe , Tuller Laurice
Published: December 2021

Bilingual language development in children with autism is a new field; the entire body of literature, which is so
far sparse, has been published within the last ten years. The potential impact of this research is, however, very high, due to
increasing numbers of children growing up bilingually in many countries crossed with the rising number of children being diagnosed
with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Parents and practitioners need guidelines with solid empirical foundations which could
provide the base for answering questions about language practices. Overall, no detrimental effects of bilingualism have so far
been reported for either language development or characteristics related to autism. Based on a scoping review, this paper assesses
these findings and addresses what current knowledge allows us to conclude about bilingual language development in autism. It is
suggested that while recent studies are posing more sophisticated research questions and using more appropriate tools, remaining
issues, notably related to how variables related to autism and to bilingualism are taken into account, render clarity on this
research topic elusive at this point. It is argued that future studies should directly take up the challenge of addressing
diversity in both ASD and in bilingualism, and their intersection.
The affect bias in the metaphorical representation of anticipated events
Authors: Piata Anna , Soriano Cristina
Published: December 2021

When talking about anticipated events, speakers can conceptualize them either as destinations towards which they are moving or as entities moving towards them, which correspond to the Ego- and the Time-moving metaphors, respectively (cf. ‘We are approaching Christmas’ and ‘Christmas is approaching’). Research in psycholinguistics has shown affective valence, i.e. whether the conceptualized event is perceived as positive or negative, to be one of the factors that modulate metaphor choice; positive anticipation is preferentially associated with Ego-moving expressions, whereas negative anticipation is predominantly associated with Time-moving metaphors. This paper sets out to test if the time-affect association surfaces in naturally-occurring language use when both metaphorical patterns are available. By focusing on the temporal usage of the verb approach, we provide linguistic evidence in favor of such an affective bias in time representations. In addition, the language data point to a semantic preference for a particular type of event (i.e., personal vs social) under each metaphorical pattern. We interpret this finding as preliminary evidence for a possible semantic bias in time representations to be further investigated.
Tunable resonantly pumped Er:GGAG laser
Authors: Němec M , Boháček P , Švejkar R , Šulc J , Kratochvíl J , Jelínková H , Trunda B , Havlák L , Nikl M , Jurek K
Published: December 2021

The main goal of this work was to present spectroscopic and laser characteristics including the wavelength tunability of Er-doped Gd3Ga3Al2O12 (Er:GGAG) crystal. Seven Er:GGAG crystals of various Er/Gd concentrations were investigated. The maximum output peak power of 0.99 W with an absorbed pumping peak power amplitude of 5.22 W for the crystal at 0.55 at.% Er/Gd concentration was researched. The tuning was accomplished using a SiO2 birefringent plate. The laser wavelength was tunable in three eye-safe spectral bands from 1609 to 1650 nm.
An electron wave packet in the relativistic strophotron FEL
Authors: Oganesyan K B , Hnatic M , Kopchancky P
Published: December 2021

The theory of free electron lasers (FELs) is well developed both in quantum mechanical and classical approaches. In strophotron FEL, in classical approach, resonance frequency and the gain are strongly dependent on initial parameters of electron beam. In the quantum mechanical approach considered by Zaretsky and Nersesov (1983 JETP
57 518), there is no such dependence. The correspondence between the quantum mechanical and classical approaches in a relativistic strophotron FEL is discussed. We study the initial distribution of electrons over vibrational levels determined by the expansion coefficients in relativistic strophotron FEL. It is shown, (presenting electron wave function in the form of Gaussian wave packet), that the number of the vibrational level most efficiently populated at the initial moment of time can be expressed in terms of the initial parameters of the electron beam.
Gravitational waves from cosmic strings after a first-order phase transition *
Authors: Zhou Ruiyu , Bian Ligong
Published: December 2021

We study the possibility of probing high scale phase transitions that are inaccessible by LIGO. Our study shows that the stochastic gravitational-wave radiation from cosmic strings that are formed after the first-order phase transition can be detected by space-based interferometers when the phase transition temperature is

GeV.
A multi-charged particle model with local U(1)
μ-τ
to explain muon g–2, flavor physics, and possible collider signature *
Authors: Kumar Nilanjana , Nomura Takaaki , Okada Hiroshi
Published: December 2021

We consider a model with multi-charged particles, including vector-like fermions, and a charged scalar under a local

symmetry. We search for an allowed parameter region explaining muon anomalous magnetic moment (muon

) and

anomalies, satisfying constraints from the lepton flavor violations, Z boson decays, meson anti-meson mixing, and collider experiments. Via numerical analysis, we explore the typical size of the muon

and Wilson coefficients to explain the

anomalies in our model when all other experimental constraints are satisfied. Subsequently, we discuss the collider physics of the multicharged vectorlike fermions, considering a number of benchmark points in the allowed parameter space.
Feature selection method based on Menger curvature and LDA theory for a P300 brain–computer interface
Authors: Li Shurui , Jin Jing , Daly Ian , Liu Chang , Cichocki Andrzej
Published: December 2021

Objective. Brain–computer interface (BCI) systems decode electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to establish a channel for direct interaction between the human brain and the external world without the need for muscle or nerve control. The P300 speller, one of the most widely used BCI applications, presents a selection of characters to the user and performs character recognition by identifying P300 event-related potentials from the EEG. Such P300-based BCI systems can reach good levels of accuracy but are difficult to use in day-to-day life due to redundancy and noisy signal. A room for improvement should be considered. We propose a novel hybrid feature selection method for the P300-based BCI system to address the problem of feature redundancy, which combines the Menger curvature and linear discriminant analysis. Approach. First, selected strategies are applied separately to a given dataset to estimate the gain for application to each feature. Then, each generated value set is ranked in descending order and judged by a predefined criterion to be suitable in classification models. The intersection of the two approaches is then evaluated to identify an optimal feature subset. Main results. The proposed method is evaluated using three public datasets, i.e. BCI Competition III dataset II, brain/neural computer interaction Horizon dataset, and Lausanne Federal Institute of Technology dataset. Experimental results indicate that compared with other typical feature selection and classification methods, our proposed method has better or comparable performance. Significance. Additionally, our proposed method can achieve the best classification accuracy after all epochs in three datasets. In summary, our proposed method provides a new way to enhance the performance of the P300-based BCI speller.
Smoothed particle hydrodynamics method for numerical solution of multidimensional filtering problems
Authors: Bashurov V , Zhigalov V
Published: December 2021

The paper is devoted to solving the filtering problem for a mixture of water, gas, and oil in a homogeneous porous medium. The basic equations of filtration theory are converted into a special form for the numerical approximation with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. A numerical difference scheme is constructed on the basis of SPH method. An algorithm for setting the boundary conditions is proposed and a number of isothermal 1D and 2D tests on the filtering process simulation for a mixture of water, oil, and gas.
Solving the hourglass instability problem using rare mesh variation-difference schemes
Authors: Chekmarev D T , Dawwas Ya A
Published: December 2021

The hourglass instability effect is characteristic of the Wilkins explicit difference scheme or similar schemes based on two-dimensional 4-node or three-dimensional 8-node finite elements with one integration point in the element. The hourglass effect is absent in schemes with cells in the form of simplexes (triangles in two-dimensional case, tetrahedrons in three-dimensional case). But they have another well-known drawback - slow convergence. One of the authors proposed a rare mesh scheme, in which elements in the form of a tetrahedron are located one at a time in the centers of the cells of a hexahedral grid. This scheme showed the absence “hourglass” effect and other drawbacks with high efficiency. This approach was further developed for solving 2D and 3D problems.
Numerical simulation of a stabilizing Poiseuille-type polymer fluid flow in the channel with elliptical cross-section
Authors: Blokhin A , Semisalov B
Published: December 2021

This work is devoted to the numerical analysis of stabilization of the incompressible viscoelastic polymer fluid flow in the channel with elliptical cross-section. To describe the flow, mesoscopic rheological relations are used, and resolving non-stationary equations are derived. For solving them a special pseudo-spectral method is developed and implemented. As time increases, under certain conditions on the parameters of flow the solution to the non-stationary problem stabilizes and converges to the one of three branches of the solution to the corresponding stationary problem. It is shown that the variation of the parameters describing polymer microstructure leads to the switch of stabilized solution between these branches. The work provides the results of simulation of the flow stabilization and the analysis of the threshold values of parameters at which the switching occurs.
Invariant submodel of rank 1 and two families of exact solutions of gas dynamics equations with an equation of state of the special form
Authors: Siraeva D
Published: December 2021

In this article, the gas dynamics equations with an equation of state of the special form are considered.The equation of state is the pressure which is equal to the sum of two functions, with one being a function of a density, and the other one being a function of an entropy. The system of equations is invariant under the action of 12-parameter transformations group. For three-dimensional subalgebra 3.32 of the 12-dimensional Lie algebra invariants are calculated, an invariant submodel of rank 1 is constructed, and two families of exact solutions are obtained. The obtained solutions specify the motion of particles in space with a linear velocity field with inhomogeneous deformation. The first family of solutions has two moments of time of particles collapse. The second family of solutions has one moment of time of particles collapse on the plane. In the simplest case of second family of solutions, a surface consisting of particle trajectories is constructed.
About grid generation in constructions bounded by the surfaces of revolution
Authors: Artyomova Natalya A , Ushakova Olga V
Published: December 2021

For constructions bounded by the surfaces of revolution, structured grid generation technique is presented. Its technology has been elaborated within the variational approach for constructing optimal grids satisfying optimality criteria: closeness of grids to uniform ones, closeness of grids to orthogonal ones and adaptation to a given function. Grid generation has been designed for numerical solution of the differential equations modeling the vortex processes of multi-component hydrodynamics. In the technology, the three-dimensional construction in which it is required to construct a grid is represented in the form of the curvilinear hexahedron defining its configuration. The specific feature of the required configurations is that some faces of a curvilinear hexahedron lie in one plane and along edges of adjoining faces grid cells degenerate into prisms. Grid generation in the considered constructions has started to be developed by the elaboration of algorithms for the volume of revolution which has become the basic construction. The basic construction is obtained by the rotation through 180? around the axis of a generatrix consisting of straight line segments, arcs of circles and ellipses. Then the deformed volumes of revolutions are considered along with the generalizations of the volume of revolution which represent constructions obtained by the surfaces of revolution with parallel axis of rotation. The aim of the further development of the technology is to consider more and more complicated constructions and elaborate the technology for them. In the presentation, the current state of the development of the technology is given. Examples of generated grids are supplied.
Data-driven turbulence modelling using symbolic regression
Authors: Chakrabarty A , Yakovenko S N
Published: December 2021

The study is focused on the performance of machine-learning methods applied to improve the velocity field predictions in canonical turbulent flows by the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equation models. A key issue here is to approximate the unknown term of the Reynolds stress (RS) tensor needed to close the RANS equations. A turbulent channel flow with the curved backward-facing step on the bottom has the high-fidelity LES data set. It is chosen as the test case to examine possibilities of GEP (gene expression programming) of formulating the enhanced RANS approximations. Such a symbolic regression technique allows us to get the new explicit expressions for the RS anisotropy tensor. Results obtained by the new model produced using GEP are compared with those from the LES data (serving as the target benchmark solution during the machine-learning algorithm training) and from the conventional RANS model with the linear gradient Boussinesq hypothesis for the Reynolds stress tensor.
Weakly supervised semantic segmentation of tomographic images in the diagnosis of stroke
Authors: Dobshik A V , Tulupov A A , Berikov V B
Published: December 2021

This paper presents an automatic algorithm for the segmentation of areas affected by an acute stroke in the non-contrast computed tomography brain images. The proposed algorithm is designed for learning in a weakly supervised scenario when some images are labeled accurately, and some images are labeled inaccurately. Wrong labels appear as a result of inaccuracy made by a radiologist in the process of manual annotation of computed tomography images. We propose methods for solving the segmentation problem in the case of inaccurately labeled training data. We use the U-Net neural network architecture with several modifications. Experiments on real computed tomography scans show that the proposed methods increase the segmentation accuracy.
The automated construction of a scheme for solving compute-intensive problems based on the ontological approach and Semantic Web technologies
Authors: Glinskiy B M , Sapetina A F , Snytnikov A V , Zagorulko Y A , Zagorulko G B
Published: December 2021

This paper describes the tools for supporting researchers in the development of a parallel code. The tools are based on the ontology of the knowledge area “Support for solving compute-intensive problems of mathematical physics on supercomputers”. The main result of these tools operation is a scheme for solving the problem, built according to its specification provided by the user. The scheme includes the most suitable mathematical models for solving the problem, numerical methods, algorithms, and parallel architectures, links to available fragments of a parallel code that the user can use when developing his own code. The scheme construction is carried out on the basis of ontology and expert rules built using the Semantic Web technology.
Extended methodology for deriving formal concepts
Authors: Semenova V A , Smirnov S V
Published: December 2021

Two methodologies for formal concepts derivation are considered: the classical one, which focuses on the posterior analysis of the object’s properties of the studied knowledge domain, and non-classical, the cornerstone of which is the a priori formation of the set of measured object’s properties and the determination of existential relations on this set. In the article, firstly, a position is fixed in the technological chain of the target transformation of the source data, where the difference between considered methodologies shows itself. Secondly, the commonality of these two approaches is established in the aspect of the unity of their hypothetical-deductive basis. In this case, the cognitive activity of the subject is expressed first in a priori and then in a posteriori conceptual scaling of the measured properties. The work demonstrates the need for the joint use of the considered methodologies at processing incomplete and inconsistent empirical data about studied knowledge domain. The intermediate consolidation of these methodologies is possible only on the basis of multi-valued logic.
Approach to automatic population of ontologies of scientific subject domain using lexico-syntactic patterns
Authors: Zagorulko Yu A , Sidorova E A , Akhmadeeva I R , Sery A S
Published: December 2021

This paper presents an approach to automatic population of ontologies of a scientific subject domain (SSD) using Lexico-Syntactic Patterns (LSPs) and a corpus of texts related to modeled domain. The main feature of this approach is that such patterns are automatically built based on Ontology Design Patterns of other types provided by the system for the automated development of SSD ontologies using heterogeneous Ontology Design Patterns. The implementation of the ontology population using constructed LSPs is described in detail. The results of the experiments on the SSD ontology population are presented. It is noted that there is a problem in establishing a subject of a relation when extracting facts. To address this problem, the authors are planning to employ the coreference resolution methods.
New possibilities of the PCA-Seq method in the analysis of time series (on the example of solar activity)
Authors: Efimov V M , Efimov K V , Polunin D A , Kovaleva V Y
Published: December 2021

When analyzing a 1D time series, it is traditional to represent it as the sum of the trend, cyclical components and noise. The trend is seen as an external influence. However, the impact can be not only additive, but also multiplicative. In this case, not only the level changes, but also the amplitude of the cyclic components. In the PCA-Seq method, a generalization of SSA, it is possible to pre-standardize fragments of a time series to solve this problem. The algorithm is applied to the Anderson series – a sign alternating version of the well-known Wolf series, reflecting the 22-year Hale cycle. The existence of this cycle is not disputed at high solar activity, but there are doubts about the constancy of its period at this time, as well as its existence during the epoch of low solar activity. The processing of the series by the PCA-Seq method revealed clear oscillations fluctuations of almost constant amplitude with an average period of 21.9 years, and it was found that the correlation of these oscillations with the time axis for 300 years does not differ significantly from zero. This confirms the hypothesis of the existence of 22-year oscillations in solar activity even at its minima, like the Maunder minimum.
A structure of the solenoidal 2D vector and 2-tensor fields given in a domain with the conformal Riemannian metric
Authors: Yu Derevtsov E
Published: December 2021

The Helmholtz decomposition of a vector field on potential and solenoidal parts is much more natural from physical and geometric points of view then representations through the components of the vector in the Cartesian coordinate system of Euclidean space. The structure, representation through potentials and detailed decomposition for 2D symmetric m-tensor fields in a case of the Euclidean metric is known. For the Riemannian metrics similar results are known for vector fields. We investigate the properties of the solenoidal vector and 2-tensor two-dimensional fields given in the Riemannian domain with the conformal metric and establish the connections between the fields and metrics.
On the modeling of ultrasound wave propagation in the frame of inverse problem solution
Authors: Novikov N S , Klyuchinskiy D V , Shishlenin M A , Kabanikhin S I
Published: December 2021

In this paper we consider the inverse problem of detecting the inclusions inside the human tissue by using the acoustic sounding wave. The problem is considered in the form of coefficient inverse problem for first-order system of PDE and we use the gradient descent approach to recover the coefficients of that system. The important part of the sceme is the solution of the direct and adjoint problem on each iteration of the descent. We consider two finite-volume methods of solving the direct problem and study their Influence on the performance of recovering the coefficients.
On the recovering of acoustic attenuation in 2D acoustic tomography
Authors: Shishlenin M A , Novikov N S , Klyuchinskiy D V
Published: December 2021

The inverse problem of recovering the acoustic attenuation in the inclusions inside the human tissue is considered. The coefficient inverse problem is formulated for the first-order system of PDE. We reduce the inverse problem to the optimization of the cost functional by gradient method. The gradient of the functional is determined by solving a direct and conjugate problem. Numerical results are presented.
Aggregation errors in project scheduling
Authors: Lyakhov O A
Published: December 2021

It is shown that aggregation leads to errors in network models projects problems with restricted resources. In consequence of aggregation an optimal solution of network problem has systematic mistakes in resources evaluation and project schedules look like better than indeed. As illustration the results of computer experiments on real-life data are presented.
Supercomputer model of dynamical dusty gas with intense momentum transfer between phases based on OpenFPM library
Authors: Grigoryev Vitaliy , Stoyanovskaya Olga , Snytnikov Nikolay
Published: December 2021

The paper considers the solution of model gas-dynamic problems (propagation of plane sound wave, one-dimensional shock tube problem, three-dimensional problem of a point explosion in a continuous medium) in the case of a gas-dust medium. The interaction of dust and gas was taken into account using the IDIC method within the SPH method used to solve gas-dynamic equations. An important feature of the work is the use of the open computational package OpenFPM, which makes it easy to carry out parallel computations. The main advantage of this package is the ready-made (implemented by the authors of the package) and intuitive, automatically parallelizable vector data structures, the use of which is identical both in the case of calculations on a personal computer and in the case of using supercomputer resources. The paper analyzes the efficiency of parallelization of numerical solutions of the considered problems.