bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The stones of the Sanctuary of Delphi – Northern shore of the Corinth Gulf – Greece
Authors: de Vals Marilou , Gastineau Renaldo , Perrier Amélie , Rubi Romain , Moretti Isabelle
Published: May 2020

The choice of stones by the ancient Greeks to build edifices remains an open question. If the use of local materials seems generalized, allochthonous stones are usually also present but lead to obvious extra costs. The current work aims to have an exhaustive view of the origins of the stones used in the Sanctuary of Delphi. Located on the Parnassus zone, on the hanging wall of a large normal fault related to the Corinth Rift, this Apollo Sanctuary is mainly built of limestones, breccia, marbles, as well as more recent poorly consolidated sediments generally calledpôrosin the literature. To overpass this global view, the different lithologies employed in the archaeological site have been identified, as well as the local quarries, in order to find their origins. The different limestones are autochthons and come from the Upper Jurassic – Cretaceous carbonate platform of the Tethys Ocean involved in the Hellenides orogen. Those limestones of the Parnassus Massif constitute the majority of the rock volume in the site; a specific facies of Maastrichtian limestone called “Profitis Ilias limestone” has been used for the more prestigious edifices such as the Apollo Temple. The corresponding ancient quarry is located few kilometers west of the sanctuary. Then, slope breccia has been largely used in the sanctuary: it crops out in and around the site and is laying on top of the carbonates. Finally, thepôrosappear to be very variable and seven different facies have been documented, including travertine, oolitic grainstone, marine carbonates and coarse-grained sandstones. All these recent facies exist in the south-east shore of the Gulf of Corinth, although – except for the grainstone – the quarries are not yet known.
Education and training activities in the Euratom CONFIDENCE project
Authors: Duranova T. , Beresford N.A. , Perko T. , Raskob W.
Published: May 2020

The education and training activities formed a key part of the CONFIDENCE project and were integrated into the research programme. The activities varied from training courses through to workshops and courses for students, integrating achievements from the CONFIDENCE project. The tasks were developed and realised in collaboration with academic departments’ outwith the CONFIDENCE consortium. Educational materials as well as lectures, round table discussions and table-top exercises have been conducted at universities. In such a way we have reached the next generation of Radiation Protection specialists. Junior scientists, post-doctoral researchers and PhD. students have also been involved in CONFIDENCE’s core research activities. A final dissemination meeting focused on communicating the main achievements of the project.
CONFIDENCE overview of improvements in radioecological human food chain models and future needs
Authors: Beresford N.A. , Barnett C.L. , Chaplow J. , Lofts S. , Wells C. , Brown J.E. , Hosseini A. , Thørring H. , Almahayni T. , Sweeck L. , Guillén J. , Lind O.-C. , Oughton D.H. , Salbu B. , Teien H.-C. , Sánchez D.Perez- , Real A.
Published: May 2020

Radioecological models used to make predictions of the radionuclide activity concentrations in human foodstuffs must be sufficiently robust and fit for purpose with uncertainties reduced where practicable. The CONFIDENCE project had a work package with the objective to improve the capabilities of radioecological models and this paper presents the key findings of this work. Recommendations for future radioecological studies/model developments are made based on the findings of the work conducted and consultations with end-users.
Stakeholder engagement in radiological protection: Developing theory, practice and guidelines
Authors: Turcanu C. , Van Oudheusden M. , Abelshausen B. , Schieber C. , Schneider T. , Zeleznik N. , Geysmans R. , Duranova T. , Perko T. , Pölzl-Viol C.
Published: May 2020

The European project ENGAGE investigated formal or informal demands and expectations for stakeholder engagement in radiological protection, and their translation into practices at national and local levels. Three contexts were examined in detail: nuclear emergency preparedness, response and recovery; exposure to indoor radon; and medical exposures to ionising radiation. Research showed that prescriptions and practices for stakeholder engagement would benefit from acknowledging the normative and substantive rationales for engagement. It suggests broadening participation both in terms of stakeholders – particularly from the perspective of integration of radiological protection into broader frameworks – and the forms of participation – for instance by recognising the importance of informal and citizen-led engagement. In addition, more systematic approaches for stakeholder engagement should be included in the elaboration and evaluation of national policies. Finally, results substantiate the need for developing radiological protection culture in a participatory, multi-disciplinary way. Recommendations for more robust stakeholder engagement in radiological protection are formulated based on the findings.
Für Sie gelesen: Aktuelle Studien
Authors: Kußmaul Jörg
Published: May 2020

Debono A, Corley N, Muraven M. Why Am I Left Out? Interpretations of Exclusion Affect Antisocial and Prosocial Behaviors. The American Journal of Psychology 2020; 133 (1): 63–79
Ich habe keinen Platz im Leben – wir sind überfordert
Authors: Fischer Johannes
Published: May 2020

Im 7. Teil unserer Serie stellen wir Ihnen eine 36-jährige Patientin vor, die auf einer geschützten Station immer wieder suizidale Handlungen durchführt. Da die Patientin nicht offen mit dem Behandlungsteam kommuniziert, ist es schwierig, an gemeinsamen Zielen zu arbeiten und die Pflegenden fühlen sich überfordert. Lesen Sie, wie das Pflegeteam es schafft, mithilfe der systemischen Fallbesprechung neue Perspektiven für sich und die Patientin zu entwickeln.
Psychoedukation aus pflegerischer Perspektive
Authors: Mattenklotz Joergen
Published: May 2020

Seit Jahren bietet das Psychoedukationsprojekt im Kreis Soest Betroffenen die Möglichkeit, sich intensiv mit ihrer psychischen Erkrankung auseinanderzusetzen. Ziel ist es, sie über ihre Erkrankung, deren Behandlungsmöglichkeiten und den Umgang mit alltäglichen Hindernissen aufzuklären. Unser Autor stellt die Inhalte der Psychoedukation vor und erläutert, wie sie im Kreis Soest in der Praxis umgesetzt werden.
Sicherheit durch Beziehung und Milieu
Authors: Kuntz Anja
Published: May 2020

Wie entstehen Konflikte auf psychiatrischen Stationen und welche Maßnahmen gibt es, um sie zu lösen oder zu reduzieren? Antworten darauf liefert das Safewards-Modell. Unsere Autorin vom Pfalzklinikum Klingenmünster beschreibt, wie das Modell vor 3 Jahren an der Klinik eingeführt wurde und welche Erkenntnisse und Hürden es dabei gab.
Stellenwert der GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten für die diabetische Niere
Authors: Weyrich Peter
Published: May 2020

GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten beeinflussen den Stoffwechsel über zahlreiche Mechanismen und haben einen festen therapeutischen Stellenwert bei der Blutzuckerkontrolle diabetischer Patienten. Der unbestrittene Nutzen der GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten für kardiovaskuläre Endpunkte lässt vermuten, dass auch die sehr gefäßreiche Niere bei Diabetes von ihnen profitiert. Nach Lektüre dieses Schwerpunktartikels soll der Leser mit der aktuellen Studienlage von GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten zu renalen Endpunkten vertraut sein. Zudem wird ein Überblick über die Dosierung von GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten bei chronischer Nierenerkrankung (CKD), Praxistipps zur korrekten Flüssigkeitsbilanzierung und Limitationen dieser Medikamentengruppe gegeben.
Aktuelle Outcomestudien in der Diabetologie
Authors: Gallwitz Baptist
Published: May 2020

Seit 2008 wurden für neue Antidiabetika prospektive kardiovaskuläre Sicherheitsstudien aufgelegt, die Ergebnisse zur kardiovaskulären Sicherheit der DPP-4-Inhibitoren, der GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten und der SGLT-2-Inhibitoren geliefert haben. Diese Studien haben Nichtunterlegenheit für die DPP-4-Inhibitoren gegenüber der herkömmlichen antidiabetischen Standardtherapie gezeigt, für die GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten ist für einige Substanzen auch Nichtunterlegenheit nachgewiesen, einige langwirksame GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten haben sogar Überlegenheit für kardiovaskuläre Endpunkte. Bei den SGLT-2-Inhibitoren liegen in den Studien Überlegenheitsdaten vor, nicht nur für kardiovaskuläre Endpunkte, sondern auch für renale, also mikrovaskuläre Endpunkte. In diesem Schwerpunktartikel sind die Studienergebnisse zusammengefasst, die auch die Grundlage für die internationalen Leitlinien und die neuen Praxisempfehlungen der DDG liefern.
Kardiovaskuläre Effekte von GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten
Authors: Kahles Florian , Lehrke Michael
Published: May 2020

GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten reduzieren die Häufigkeit kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse bei Patienten mit Diabetes. Dies wird über atheroprotektive Mechanismen vermittelt, wobei bisher unklar ist, inwieweit direkte immunmodulierende und antientzündliche Eigenschaften der Substanzen hierfür verantwortlich sind. GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten werden für Patienten mit Diabetes und einem hohen kardiovaskulären Risiko unabhängig vom HbA1c-Wert als Erstlinientherapie empfohlen, was einem Paradigmenwechsel in der Diabetestherapie entspricht. In diesem Beitrag werden die kardiovaskulären Outcomestudien zu den GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten vorgestellt und die möglichen Wirkmechanismen in den verschiedenen Organsystemen diskutiert.
Integrierte Stadtentwicklung und Gesundheit: Programmatik und
Realität am Beispiel Hamburgs. Eine Dokumentenanalyse
Authors: Trojan Alf
Published: May 2020

Hintergrund Gesetzliche Vorgaben, Förderprogramme der (integrierten)
Stadtteilentwicklung auf Bundes- und Hamburg-Ebene fordern die sozialräumliche
Kooperation im Handlungsfeld Gesundheitsförderung.

Fragestellung Inwieweit schlägt sich die programmatische Integration von
Gesundheitsförderung in die Stadtentwicklung in Umsetzungsdokumenten nieder?

Material und Methoden Internetsuche in den über 100 000 Dokumenten des
Transparenzportals der Stadt Hamburg mit 3 Zugängen: 1.) Suche mit 7 zentralen
Begriffen nach Dokumenten der Stadtentwicklung und der Häufigkeit des Themas
Gesundheit darin; 2.) Aufsuchen der Integrierten Entwicklungskonzepte der 10
Hamburger Modellgebiete des Förderprogramms Soziale Stadt und Identifizierung
von gesundheitlichen Themen darin; 3.) Suche auf den Internetseiten der Behörde
für Gesundheit und Verbraucherschutz (BGV) und der Hamburgischen
Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Gesundheit (HAG) nach Kooperationsdokumenten mit der
Stadtentwicklung.

Ergebnisse Es zeigt sich, dass die Berücksichtigung von
Gesundheitsbelangen in den Problemgebieten Hamburgs nicht so weit
fortgeschritten ist, wie die Programmatik es erfordern würde. Es gibt allerdings
eine kleine Zahl positiver Beispiele. Inhaltliche Darstellungen der Kooperation
finden sich am ausführlichsten und aktuellsten auf den Internetseiten der
HAG.

Diskussion und Schlussfolgerungen Die (Vor-)Studie hat das Problem, dass
die Erwähnungen in Dokumenten sowohl zu einer Über- als auch Unterschätzung von
tatsächlichen Aktivitäten führen können. Gleichwohl gibt es positive Ansätze,
die als Modelle Guter Praxis stärker verbreitet werden sollten, um die Kluft
zwischen Programm und Realität zu verringern. Im Ausblick werden einige
Empfehlungen dazu zur Diskussion gestellt.
Wet- versus dry-suction techniques for endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of solid lesions: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Yun , Wang Rong-hua , Ding Zhen , Tan Shi-yun , Chen Qian , Duan Ya-qi , Zhu Liang-ru , Cao Ji-wang , Wang Jian , Shi Gan , Wu Xiao-li , Wang Jin-lin , Zhao Yu-chong , Tang Shou-jiang , Cheng Bin
Published: May 2020

Background The optimal sampling techniques for endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) remain unclear and have not been standardized. The aim of this study was to compare the wet-suction and dry-suction techniques for sampling solid lesions in the pancreas, mediastinum, and abdomen.

Methods This was a multicenter, crossover, randomized controlled trial with randomized order of sampling techniques. The 296 consecutive patients underwent EUS-FNA with 22G needles and were randomized in a ratio of 1:1 into two separate groups that received the dry-suction and wet-suction techniques in a different order. The primary outcome was to compare the histological diagnostic accuracy of dry suction and wet suction for malignancy. The secondary outcomes were to compare the cytological diagnostic accuracy and specimen quality.

Results Among the 269 patients with pancreatic (n = 161) and non-pancreatic (n = 108) lesions analyzed, the wet-suction technique had a significantly better histological diagnostic accuracy (84.9 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 79.9 % – 89.0 %] vs. 73.2 % [95 %CI 67.1 % – 78.7 %]; P = 0.001), higher specimen adequacy (94.8 % vs. 78.8 %; P < 0.001), and less blood contamination (P < 0.001) than the dry-suction technique. In addition, sampling non-pancreatic lesions with two passes of wet suction provided a histological diagnostic accuracy of 91.6 %.

Conclusions The wet-suction technique in EUS-FNA generates better histological diagnostic accuracy and specimen quality than the dry-suction technique. Furthermore, sampling non-pancreatic lesions with two passes of EUS-FNA with wet suction may provide a definitive histological diagnosis when rapid on-site evaluation is not routinely available.
Management of Complications from Skin Cancer Reconstruction
Authors: Vila Peter M. , Thomas J. Regan
Published: May 2020

Reconstruction of facial cutaneous defects from skin cancer surgery is a commonly done procedure in the hands of many facial plastic surgeons. Excellent surgical technique should always be employed to reduce the risk of a poor result. However, complications do occur and can be devastating for both the patient and surgeon. We review a range of postoperative management options, and the evidence for each modality, so that reconstructive surgeons can stay up to date on current literature.
High-Risk Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers: Identification, Management, and Reconstruction
Authors: Misch Emily S. , Terella Adam M.
Published: May 2020

High-risk nonmelanoma skin cancers of the head and neck may be identified through a variety of tumor risk factors, including location on the lips or ears, size > 2 cm, recurrence, patient immunocompromised status, poor tumor differentiation, > 6 mm thickness, Clark level V depth of invasion, and presence of perineural spread. Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment, with Mohs' micrographic surgery typically preferred to standard surgical excision. When reconstructing these defects, ensuring negative margins is of utmost importance and delaying reconstruction until confirmation of margins is recommended. Attention to the impact of immunosuppression and adjunct radiation therapy on wound healing is important for an optimal cosmetic outcome. As with all high-risk cancer patients, close follow-up and surveillance of these patients is imperative.
Management of Large Facial Defects
Authors: Rabbani Cyrus C. , Hwang Michelle S. , Byrne Patrick J. , Desai Shaun C.
Published: May 2020

There is considerable variation in the surgical management of patients with large facial defects after excision of skin malignancy. The surrounding facial subunits as well as local, regional, and distant soft-tissue flaps can be considered in more complicated facial defects. We place an emphasis on the versatility of adjacent tissue advancement and transposition flaps in the treatment of these defects. We also focus on the secondary reconstructive efforts necessary to achieve the best functional and aesthetic outcomes for patients.
On the topology of total and diamagnetic induced electronic currents in molecules
Authors: Berger R. J. F. , Monaco G. , Zanasi R.
Published: May 2020

An application of the continuous transformation of the origin of the current density (CTOCD) scheme to constrain the diamagnetic induced charge current density (Jd) to be divergenceless is introduced. This results in a family of Jd fields perpendicular and proportional to both the gradient of the electron density and the external magnetic field. Since, in the limit of a complete basis set calculation, the paramagnetic component Jp also becomes divergenceless, we call this scheme CTOCD-DC (CTOCD for Divergenceless Components). CTOCD-DC allows for a topological characterization of both Jd and Jp in terms of their stagnation graphs. All stagnation graphs of Jd from CTOCD-DC contain the zero points of the gradient of the unperturbed electron density (∇ρ). In this way, an intimate topological relation between ρ and the diamagnetic current contribution is revealed. Numerical experiments exemplified by the case of LiNHF in point group symmetry C1 suggest that the corresponding paramagnetic current contributions Jp can show tendencies to accumulate pseudo-stagnation lines in proximity of some kind of the zero points of ∇ρ. Common zero points of ∇ρ and the total currents are exactly zero points of the mechanical momentum density.
Preparation and characterization of polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon nanofibers/graphene (gACNFs) composite synthesized by electrospinning
Authors: Che Othman Faten Ermala , Yusof Norhaniza , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Jaafar Juhana , Wan Salleh Wan Norharyati , Aziz Farhana
Published: May 2020

In this work, activated carbon nanofibers (ACNFs) and graphene-derived rice husk (GRH)/ACNF composites (gACNFs) were straightforwardly fabricated through a simple electrospinning process and were consequently activated by using a physical method. The morphological, structural, and textural properties of the resultant ACNFs and (GRH)/ACNFs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectra, thermal gravimetric analysis, and a N2 adsorption isotherm. From the results obtained, gACNFs exhibit better thermal stability properties than pristine ACNFs with improved carbon yield (up to 60%) as well as enhanced adsorption capacity (220 cm3/g). The results including a high specific surface area (592 m2/g) and availability of 80% micropore volumes have demonstrated that gACNFs exhibited double gas adsorption performance as compared to pristine ACNFs.
Polymer electrolytes for metal-ion batteries
Authors: Voropaeva Daria Yu. , Novikova Svetlana A. , Yaroslavtsev Andrey B.
Published: May 2020

The results of studies on polymer electrolytes for metal-ion batteries are analyzed and generalized. Progress in this field of research is driven by the need for solid-state batteries characterized by safety and stable operation. At present, a number of polymer electrolytes with a conductivity of at least 10−4S cm−1at 25 °C were synthesized. Main types of polymer electrolytes are described,viz., polymer/salt electrolytes, composite polymer electrolytes containing inorganic particles and anion acceptors, and polymer electrolytes based on cation-exchange membranes. Ion transport mechanisms and various methods for increasing the ionic conductivity in these systems are discussed. Prospects of application of polymer electrolytes in lithium- and sodium-ion batteries are outlined.

The bibliography includes 349 references.
Atomic fluctuations in electronic materials revealed by dephasing
Authors: Palato Samuel , Seiler Hélène , Nijjar Parmeet , Prezhdo Oleg , Kambhampati Patanjali
Published: May 2020

The microscopic origin and timescale of the fluctuations of the energies of electronic states has a significant impact on the properties of interest of electronic materials, with implication in fields ranging from photovoltaic devices to quantum information processing. Spectroscopic investigations of coherent dynamics provide a direct measurement of electronic fluctuations. Modern multidimensional spectroscopy techniques allow the mapping of coherent processes along multiple time or frequency axes and thus allow unprecedented discrimination between different sources of electronic dephasing. Exploiting modern abilities in coherence mapping in both amplitude and phase, we unravel dissipative processes of electronic coherences in the model system of CdSe quantum dots (QDs). The method allows the assignment of the nature of the observed coherence as vibrational or electronic. The expected coherence maps are obtained for the coherent longitudinal optical (LO) phonon, which serves as an internal standard and confirms the sensitivity of the technique. Fast dephasing is observed between the first two exciton states, despite their shared electron state and common environment. This result is contrary to predictions of the standard effective mass model for these materials, in which the exciton levels are strongly correlated through a common size dependence. In contrast, the experiment is in agreement with ab initio molecular dynamics of a single QD. Electronic dephasing in these materials is thus dominated by the realistic electronic structure arising from fluctuations at the atomic level rather than static size distribution. The analysis of electronic dephasing thereby uniquely enables the study of electronic fluctuations in complex materials.
Science writing in Hindi in colonial India
Authors: Baksi Sandipan
Published: May 2020

Science journalism in Hindi showed
remarkable advance with the onset of the twentieth century, in a context that was
shaped by the evolution of a specific form of the language, as well as by the
emergence and growth of the anti-colonial freedom movement, yoked to the idea of
cultural and economic nationalism. The many literary periodicals that flourished in
this period provided a platform for regular science writing.
Vigyan, the first popular science magazine in Hindi, began
publication in 1915. It contributed profusely to the Hindi writings on and about
science in pre-Independence India. This study, by way of a critical review of the
writings in Vigyan, lays out the influences and motivations that
led to this huge impetus to Hindi science writing in the early twentieth century. It
throws light on the motivations of the agents who negotiated the process of
translation of science in Hindi in colonial India. The chapter exemplifies
translation of science as an aspect/component of establishing the hegemony of a
language.
Protein exchange is reduced in calcium-independent epithelial junctions
Authors: Bartle Emily I. , Rao Tejeshwar C. , Beggs Reena R. , Dean William F. , Urner Tara M. , Kowalczyk Andrew P. , Mattheyses Alexa L.
Published: May 2020

Desmosomes are cell–cell junctions that provide mechanical integrity to epithelial and cardiac tissues. Desmosomes have two distinct adhesive states, calcium-dependent and hyperadhesive, which balance tissue plasticity and strength. A highly ordered array of cadherins in the adhesive interface is hypothesized to drive hyperadhesion, but how desmosome structure confers adhesive state is still elusive. We employed fluorescence polarization microscopy to show that cadherin order is not required for hyperadhesion induced by pharmacologic and genetic approaches. FRAP experiments in cells treated with the PKCα inhibitor Gö6976 revealed that cadherins, plakoglobin, and desmoplakin have significantly reduced exchange in and out of hyperadhesive desmosomes. To test whether this was a result of enhanced keratin association, we used the desmoplakin mutant S2849G, which conferred reduced protein exchange. We propose that inside-out regulation of protein exchange modulates adhesive function, whereby proteins are “locked in” to hyperadhesive desmosomes while protein exchange confers plasticity on calcium-dependent desmosomes, thereby providing rapid control of adhesion.
Judicial Colonialism Today
Authors: Cohen Mathilde
Published: May 2020

France maintains a court system outside of the European continent in so-called overseas regions such as Martinique and New Caledonia. Held as colonies until the 1940s, these territories became part of the French state with varying degrees of autonomy. Drawing on original qualitative and archival research, this article argues that through these overseas courts, France continues to legally assume the traditional role of a colonial power despite its declared commitment to the nation-state, republican model. Subordinating discourses and elements of colonial structure have outlived the transition to nonempire, continuing to exert strong influences on the courts’ operations, especially the way in which judges and prosecutors are appointed and promoted. This study should also be read as a contribution to the scholarship on how court systems around the globe grapple with the legacy of colonialism in shaping their organizational structure and practices.
Deferring, Deliberating, or Dodging Review
Authors: Hinkle Rachael K. , Nelson Michael J. , Hazelton Morgan L. W.
Published: May 2020

While panel effects—instances in which panel composition affects the votes cast by judges—have been widely documented, scholars are unsure why these patterns persist. We outline three possible mechanisms, acquiescence, deliberation, and strategy, through which panel effects might occur; develop indicators for each; and test them using a data set of search and seizure cases decided by the US courts of appeals between 1953 and 2010. Our analysis provides some evidence that counterjudge success stems from a combination of all three theories, although strategic considerations have the substantively strongest and most consistent effects.
The Sources and Consequences of Political Rhetoric
Authors: Zilis Michael , Wedeking Justin
Published: May 2020

How do political actors use rhetoric after an initial policy battle? We explore factors that lead Supreme Court justices to integrate disagreeable rhetoric into opinions. Although disagreeable language has negative consequences, we posit that justices pay this cost for issues with high personal significance. At the same time, we argue that integrating disagreeable rhetoric has a deleterious effect on the institution by reducing majority coalition size. Examining opinions from 1946 to 2011 using text-based measures of disagreeable rhetoric, we model the language of opinion writing as well as explore the consequences for coalition size. Our findings suggest serious implications for democratic institutions and political rhetoric.
Effects of intercropping with reciprocal hybridization F1 generation of Solanum photeinocarpum on cadmium accumulation of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings
Authors: Xu Xiangting , Zhang Ran , Zhao Yan , Zhu Ying , Ao Qiaoman , Liao Ming’an
Published: May 2020

In this experiment, C. betacea seedlings were used as research materials, intercropping S. photeinocarpum of parents and positive and negative hybridization F1 generation with C. betacea seedlings, study the cadmium accumulation characteristics of S. photeinocarpum positive and negative hybridization F1 generation and effects of intercropping them with C. betacea seedlings on cadmium accumulation characteristics of C. betacea seedlings. Intercropping with S. photeinocarpum of farmland ecotype and mine ecotype had no significant on the cadmium contents in roots and shoots of C. betacea seedlings, and intercropping S. photeinocarpum of positive and negative hybridization F1 generation decreased the cadmium contents in roots and shoots of C. betacea seedlings. Hybridization decreased the cadmium contents in roots and shoots of S. photeinocarpum, but increased the cadmium accumulation amounts in roots and shoots of S. photeinocarpum. Therefore, intercropping with hybridization F1 generation of S. photeinocarpum could reduce the cadmium uptake of C. betacea.
Analysis of the Influence Factors of Climate Change on the Mangrove and Relevant Solutions
Authors: Chen Zinuo
Published: May 2020

This article is aimed to study how climate change affects mangroves and how to prevent them from being damaged by climate change. Nowadays, the climate is becoming more and more unstable, and extreme weather occurs frequently, such as hail in the Tropics. However, the stability of climate is very important for human beings, because climate comes from nature, and nature is the basis of human survival. Therefore, in order to better observe climate change and improve current climate, the mangrove has become the Savior to human, which means that the mangrove is also significant to human beings. While some group of the mangrove have been damaged by climate change. Therefore, this paper will analyze the impact of climate change on mangroves from the perspective of climate factors of acid rain and global warming. The conclusion is that strengthening monitoring and creating more habitats for mangroves may be the appropriate solution. At last, this paper will be useful to cope with climate change better and be helpful for the future research.
Effects of tetracycline and oxytetracycline on growth and chlorophyll fluorescence in lettuce seedlings
Authors: Yang Tian , Jiang Zhongli , Lin Dian , Guo Langbo , Wu Tong , Li Zelin , He Zhongqun , Zhou Xiaoting
Published: May 2020

At present, the problem of antibiotic pollution in soil is becoming more and more serious, and antibiotics entering the soil can be absorbed by plants, causing normal physiological metabolism inhibition. In this experiment, the effects of tetracycline(TC) and oxytetracycline(OTC) on the growth of lettuce were studied. Matrix culture experiments were used to investigate the effects of different levels (0, 2, 10, 50, and 250 mg / kg) of TC and OTC on the growth of lettuce, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and antioxidant enzyme activities. The results showed that TC and OTC caused different degrees of inhibition on the growth of lettuce due to the different concentrations. Under antibiotic’s treatment, Fv / Fm, Fv ‘/ Fm’ and Y (II) of lettuce also showed a downward trend under tetracycline(TCs) treatment, however, the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of absorbed light energy showed an increasing trend. TCs also inhibited the antioxidant enzyme activity of lettuce, SOD activity was reduced by 3.27 (light concentration) and 52.68% (high concentration), and POD activity was decreased by 6.27 (light concentration) to 55.86% (high concentration) compared to control. The results showed that TCs could cause oxidative stress on plant growth, which should be concerned.
Identifying the farmer’s intention to adopt sustainable practice in giant panda conservation area
Authors: Tang Yan , Gou Yiping , Yang Cuibai
Published: May 2020

The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), in China, is under threat from expansion of overgrazing and collecting. Livestock grazing has become a major conservation conflict in A. melanoleuca habitats. Conservation actions are ultimately human behaviours, and it is vital to understand how socio-psychological factors shape human interactions with the environment and choices to conserve biodiversity. Despite the numerous studies focused on giant panda conservation, little work has been done on the socio-psychological behaviours of farmers with respect to giant panda conservation practices. This paper uses the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to identify the psycholgical factors regarding livestock grazing pracices in Chinese panda conservation area. The TPB hypothesizes that the adoption is driven by intention, which is determined by three psychological constructs: attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral cotrol. A survey with 196 farmers was conducted. Result shows that the intention of farmers was mainly influenced by their perceived resource, followed percieved behaviroal cotrol, and attitude.
Haode Evaluating the Life-cycle Environmental Impacts of Polyester Sports T-shirts
Authors: Wu Zequan
Published: May 2020

Polyester fibre has a series of excellent properties and it has a wide range of uses. Recently China has become the largest producer and consumer of polyester in the world. The purpose of this paper is to analysis the environmental impacts of polyester shirts. Applying life cycle assessment to polyester textiles, through the analysis and research of resource utilization and environmental emissions during the life of polyester textiles, looking for opportunities to reduce environmental pollution, and providing reference for environmental management departments to develop environmental regulations and environmental emission reduction plans. The declared unit of this paper is a piece of T-shirt 100% made of polyeater fibre. Following the principles and guidelines of ISO series, this study collected both measured data of the client’s processes and secondary data. The data in this paper mainly comes from the literature, life cycle assessment (LCA) databases, and emission registration database of the government. The results of the study show that PET production, yarn manufacturing, and use-phases are the procedures that contribute the most environmental impacts. The total life-cycle energy use of a polyester sports shirt is 109 MJ, with 2882 litres of cumulative water use and contribution to global warming equivalent to 81.62 kg of CO2. The shirt’s use phase contribute the highest resources used, accounting for 65.5% of energy use, 86.71% of water use, and 84.31% of the global warming potential. The shirt production phase accounts for 30.85% of the energy use, 13.14% of total water use, and 12.99%of the global warming potential. Disposing phase contribute less among these process. The results of the study show that PET production, yarn manufacturing, and use-phases contributes to the majority of all environmental impacts. Polyester production and yarn manufacturing are steps that require the highest amount of energy. Utilizing recycled polyester fibres can reduce the net resource utilization and environmental impacts. A large amount of energy and water are used in the use-phase of a shirt. Improving the equipment efficiency can decrease the input energy and water consumption.
Effect of pH value on adsorption of Levofloxacin in agricultural silty clay of North China
Authors: Wei M X , Lv D Y , Cao L H , Yang H Y , Jiang K
Published: May 2020

The entry of quinolone antibiotics into the soil will cause serious soil antibiotic contamination. The migration and whereabouts of antibiotics in soil are mainly affected by soil adsorption. The change of pH value will have a great impact on soil adsorption. In this paper, the adsorption characteristics of typical fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin) in the silty clay widely distributed in the farmland of North China and the effect of pH value change were studied. The results show that Langmuir adsorption isotherm model can well fit the isotherm adsorption process of levofloxacin on silty clay. The adsorption process of levofloxacin on silty clay was fast, and equilibrium was reached in about 16 hours. The adsorption amount decreases with the increase of pH value. After the pH value reaches 10.86, the adsorption amount rises.
Research and practice of seawater-based fracturing fluids
Authors: Jia Yunpeng
Published: May 2020

The Dagang Oilfield, with 146 kilometers of coastline, is rich in seawater resources. In order to satisfy the demand of large-scale fracturing operation in low-permeability offshore reservoirs and to solve such technical difficulties as high-cost conventional fracturing fluid, incompatibility of seawater with conventional fracturing additives, and limitation of offshore operational space, which result in the inability to achieve industrial fracturing operation, fracturing thickening and cross-linking agents that can be formulated with seawater were studied and selected to form a seawater-based fracturing fluid system with temperature resistance of 80–180°C. The system does not need to shield or remove calcium and magnesium ions as seawater can be directly used after filtration. The thickening agent swells so quickly that it imparts viscosity to seawater to reach 92% of the maximum viscosity in 3 minutes, and can achieve continuous mixing. Additionally, it is possible to reuse the seawater-based fracturing fluid after processing such as removing sand and filtering suspended matter. Using it to prepare slippery water and new fracturing fluid, only a fewer additives are required, and the comprehensive cost is lower. In field test, the fracturing scale and process were adaptively optimized through integration of engineering and geology. For example, Well ZH50-16 produced 9.9 tons of oil per day through a 4 mm choke before fracturing operation, and after fracturing, the liquid produced increased to 77.5 m3/d, including 57.6 tons of oil, and 14800 m3 of gas through a 6 mm choke. Simple field preparation of seawater-based fracturing fluid and fracturing operation provided stable production performance.
Based on Calculation and Analysis of the Influence of External Atmospheric Temperature on Air-conditioning System of Floating Nuclear Power Plant at Sea
Authors: Jing An , Jian Li , Zhen Fang , Qing Dong Chang , Kui He Mei , Ting Gui
Published: May 2020

External atmospheric temperature is the design input of air-conditioning system of the floating nuclear power plant at sea, which affects the calculation of heat load and air supply volume of air conditioner. The typical cabin A of the floating nuclear power plant is selected. The external atmospheric temperature selection range is obtained by comparing different standard specifications and references. The single variable method is adopted, and the external atmospheric temperature is used as the variable factor. The calculation and comparison of the air volume and cooling capacity of the typical cabin A should be made. The analysis and calculation results show that the external atmospheric temperature has little influence on the air volume of the cabin A air conditioning system, and has a great influence on the cooling influence of the external atmospheric temperature on the air conditioning system of the floating nuclear power plant and the variation of the energy consumption are obtained, along with eth external atmosphere. With the increase of temperature, the energy consumption of air conditioning system increases almost linearly. From the perspective of economics, it is concluded that the increase of energy consumption of air conditioning system will reduce the economic benefits of floating nuclear power plants at sea.
Eosystem structure and energy flow analysis of the adjacent waters around Miaodao Islands based on Ecopath model
Authors: Cui Penghui , Zhu Hanjie
Published: May 2020

Basedon the survey data of fishery resources and ecological environment in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea in 1998, an Ecopath model of the adjacent waters around Miaodao Islands was constructed to analyze the trophic structure, energy flow and ecosystem characters. The results showed that the model in the adjacent waters around Miaodao Islands could be divided into 18 functional groups, and the trophic levels of each functional group ranged from 1 to 4.180, of which the highest trophic level was Scomberomorusniphonius. The energy transfer efficiency of the ecosystem was 8.53%, and the flow from primary producers accounted for 53% of the total, while the flow from detritus accounts for 47%. The energy flow was mainly dominated by grazing food chain. The ratio of total primary production/total respiration was 2.47, the Connectance index was 0.438, and the Finn’s cycling index and the Finn’s mean path length were respectively 6.336% and 2.636, indicating the low stability and maturity of the ecosystem.
Ecological Destruction and Legislative Protection of China’s National Nature Reserves
Authors: Liu Yan
Published: May 2020

China’s national nature reserve is a specific area established for the rational use and preservation of the country’s natural and cultural heritage resources, and is the main body for achieving sustainable human development and the legal development of national ecological resources. In recent years, with the rapid development of the national economy and the excessive use of environmental resources, China’s national nature reserves have experienced a crisis of ecological imbalances and the loss of biodiversity, which has seriously affected the effective play of ecological values. This article takes the ecological destruction of the Qilian Mountain National Reserve in Gansu Province, China as an example. For the economically underdeveloped western province of Gansu, where ecological strategic position is very important but ecological environment is complex and ecological condition is fragile, it is crucial to establish legislation protection with strict logic and clear power and responsibility. The lack of a special legal system and the incomplete management system of China’s national nature reserves are the primary reasons why its problems cannot be effectively contained. Therefore, for a healthy and orderly development of national-level nature reserves, it is urgent to enhance the legislative protection of current national nature reserves.
Radionuclide migration in fresh water from nuclear power plant liquid effluent discharged: (Hypothetical case study)
Authors: Ayoub Anuor AT , Song Yushou , Sagiroun Mamoun IA , Omhahmed
Published: May 2020

Radionuclide migration in ecosystems including rivers is one of the major radioecology problems. Aquatic ecosystems can contribute to radionuclide migration at very long distances from intake or forming sources. This study provides new insights into field of radiological by studying the behavior of radionuclide transported in river, resulting of discharged effluent radionuclide from nuclear power plants (NPPs) during normal operation in the river, as hypothetical case study. It was demonstrated that, the concentration of radioactivity in the river at the same side of the NPPs, it’s a higher than opposite side of river bank. In addition, we show that, the maximum concentration found at the point of discharged and clearly decreased with distance. In order to assessment of radiological hazard of ionizing radiation to non-human biota, ERICA toll software Tier 2 were used to calculate the Total Dose Rate per organism, the maximum value was found to the Insect larvae [2.094 µGy h-1], this value was below the screening dose rate 10 μGy h−1.
Oil Containment Fence and Method for Polar Ice Water Environment
Authors: Yang Lupeng , Xing Zhiwei
Published: May 2020

The polar regions are covered with ice and snow all the year round, and the environmental conditions are special. Many times of oil spill accidents in the polar regions have brought great pollution to the marine environment. According to the environmental characteristics of the polar ice area, a kind of polar oil fence and its method are designed. When the oil spill accident occurs, the tugboat can quickly enclose the oil to slow down the diffusion of oil spill, so as to reduce environmental pollution and economic loss. With the prosperity of shipping in high latitude area, the possibility of oil spill accident is increasing. This method will have a broad application prospect. It has certain guiding significance for the oil spills in the northern sea area and the Arctic in cold winter.
Research On Wetland Ecological Planning Of Jiukenghe Reservoir In Zhaoqing
Authors: Zhang Hong
Published: May 2020

The article takes Zhaoqing Jiukenghe Reservoir as the research object. According to the land use planning of Zhaoqing City, the rural construction around the Jiukenghe Reservoir in Dinghu District of Zhaoqing and the development of the Jiulong Lake tourist area have caused potential pollution threats to the water source protection area. This paper mainly uses GIS ecological planning methods to study the analysis of wetland development potential of water sources, formulate wetland protection plans, delineate wetland core protected areas, restore wetland ecosystems, delineate ecological buffers, and cultivate wetland conservation forests. It also needs to control pollution sources in village construction and tourism practices, cultivate multi-level natural landscapes of aquatic plants, provide good habitats and breeding habitats for wild animals and plants, enhance water purification and water conservation functions, and create ecological landscapes in natural countryside.
A Wind Direction Tracking Control Method Based on the Sail’s Angle of Attack and Attitude
Authors: Yan Chen , Liu Xuetao
Published: May 2020

A new navigation-assisting sail is designed based on the sail’s angle of attack and attitude to realize wind direction tracking. Based on the boat’s state and environmental parameters, combined with a given database, the motor is used to drive the ball screw to realize self-adaptive control of the sail’s angle of attack. Intelligent control of the sail effectively increases the utilization rate of wind energy during sailing and provides a new solution for ship energy saving and emission reduction.
Study on Environmental Safety Management System and Improvement of Management Capacity in Western Sichuan
Authors: Jiang Jiliang
Published: May 2020

The western Sichuan is a region with various first-class environmental problems like earthquakes and geological disasters. In field studies, people responsible for the environmental safety of western Sichuan argue that the region is confronted by the shortage of fund and expertise. And there are even people claiming that “all they need is money”. It seems that “fund” and “expertise” lie in the core of the problem, which is still in question. The paper, aiming at improving the management system and capacity of geological disasters in western Sichuan, used the landslide in Die Xi in 2017 as the case study to explore the problems and challenges confronting the region, including the weak legal system, defective management mechanism and ineffective disaster prediction.
Construction and management of giant panda protection projects
Authors: Duan Xiaoyu , Yang Shuhui
Published: May 2020

This paper summarizes the efforts made by the Chinese government in the construction of giant panda conservation projects, and especially presents the construction of China’s giant panda national park in terms of the overall planning of the park, brand building, and international cooperation. It also discusses the shortcomings of panda protection at the current stage, and puts forward relevant suggestions to provide references for improving the content of panda protection.
Optimization of organic manure application for blueberry vegetative growth and photosynthesis
Authors: Yang Wanyi , Huang Jinqiu , Wu Yongwang , Li Xiaotian , Wang Xun
Published: May 2020

Take blueberry as the test material, we studied the effects of organic fertilizer on the growth and Photosynthesis of blueberry. We evaluated the efficiency of three organic fertilizers, namely rapeseed residue (RS-R), cattle manure (Cat-M), and chicken manure (Chi-M), produced from locally accessible resources. Plant vegetative growth and leaf photosynthetic parameters were measured for analysis. Animal manure, applied as 2 kg Cat-M plant−1 or 3 kg Chi-M plant−1, was the most beneficial fertilizer for plant vegetative growth and leaf photosynthesis.
The dynamic characteristic analysis on Cartesian coordinate robot
Authors: Xu Gang
Published: May 2020

In this paper, the finite element analysis of the Cartesian coordinate robot and the modal analysis of the whole system of the robot are carried out. The axes of the robot will not resonate with the whole structure of the robot in the moving state. The motion of the first three workpieces is analyzed by using ADAMS motion simulation software. It is concluded that the robot motion state is stable, the speed changes smoothly, and the trajectory runs reasonably.
Effects of Different Canopy and Tree Shape on Fruit Quality of Huangguogan
Authors: Gong Yan , Yang Youting , Zhou Zhiyang , Jiang Xinyao , Tan Lin , Xiong Bo
Published: May 2020

In this paper, the fruit of Huangguoganwas used as the test material. The fruit quality was measured according to different canopies and tree shapes. The results showed that the quality of fruits in upper canopy layers was superior to that in lower canopy layers. The difference of intrinsic quality,like soluble solids, VitaminC and sugar content,was significant in different canopies; but the difference of appearance quality was small. And on different tree shapes, the fruit quality of round-headed tree was the best, followed by the open-center tree.