bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imitating Celebrities is a Consumer Luxury
Authors: Alturif Ghada A. , Al-Sanad H. A.
Published: January 2025

The issue of consumption is an important topic aimed at economic and social development and is one of the hard-to-ignore aspects of culture. Consumption patterns and people's attitudes shed light on society's awareness, values and behavioral and intellectual practices formed according to the foster environment of individuals. Consumer culture is influenced by social and economic changes of society. The study aims to recognize the impact of social media celebrities on young people's consumer behavior. The current study is one of the descriptive studies based on the social survey curriculum of a sample of study-specific university staff (male and female). The total sample size (384) is individual. The data were collected by questionnaire. The study reached several results. Males, divorcees, and university education holders of study sample individuals are more influenced by the personal characteristics of celebrities and their consumer behavior is influenced by celebrity advertisements. Variable marital status is the reason why there are statistically significant differences (at the level of 0.01) in both the effects of celebrities' personal characteristics on young people's consumer behavior and the trends of social media users towards celebrity advertising and social media advertisements. The impact of social media advertisements on young people's consumerist behavior and the influence of celebrities' personal characteristics on young people's consumerist behavior are both statistically different (at the 0.01 level), but trends among social media users toward celebrity ads are not affected by educational attainment. Due to the variable number of family members, there are statistically significant differences (at the level of 0.05) in the effects of celebrities' personal characteristics on young people's purchasing behavior, trends of social media users towards celebrity advertising, and the effects of social media advertisements on young people's purchasing behavior. It turns out that large families are more influenced by celebrities' personal characteristics and have positive trends towards celebrity advertising, and it turns out that high monthly income earners are influenced by celebrity advertising compared to low monthly income earners.
 
Received: 2 August 2024 / Accepted: 26 November 2024 / Published: 11 January 2025
Sudanese Spoken Arabic: A Sociolinguistic Study of Phonemic and Lexical Variation
Authors: Hassan Abdalla Haytham Othman
Published: January 2025

This study aims to record the commonalities of phonemic and lexical variation in Sudanese spoken Arabic. To accomplish this, the present research used a qualitative method aiming to describe the variation when words are frequently used in a natural conversation. Some selected words taken from Qaamuus Al-Lahja Al-‘Aamiiya fi S-Suudan by Gasim (1985), as well as other selected words observed in everyday speech, are used as sources for the data. The analysis of the data led to the conclusion that the Modern Standard Arabic phonemes /?/, /q/, /?/, /ð/, and /?/ are commonly substituted with their adjacent ones in SSA (/d/, /k/, /s/, /t/, /z/, and /?/), respectively. Another conclusion is that the Sudanese Spoken Arabic words are affected by the inversion of a phoneme, deletion of a phoneme, and addition of a phoneme, as these affect the form as well as pronunciation of Sudanese Spoken Arabic words that contribute to the variation between Sudanese Spoken Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic. As spoken language is different from written language, it is suggested that instruction in the perplexing areas be widely welcomed to at least reduce orthographic errors when writing on social platforms.
 
Received: 24 September 2024 / Accepted: 30 December 2024 / Published: 11 January 2025
Management of the Ecotourism Potential in the Coastal Region of Ecuador: A Thematic Analysis Evidenced in the Framework of Ecuadorian Public Policies
Authors: Gallardo Dueñas Diana Patricia , Aguilar Cano César Alfredo
Published: January 2025

Ecotourism is a form of responsible tourism that prioritises environmental conservation, respects local communities and promotes sustainable interaction with nature, minimising negative impacts. This study analyses the management of ecotourism in the province of Manabí, Ecuador, through qualitative research based on interviews with 10 public officials from the entities in charge at the national and provincial levels. The perceptions and experiences of public officials, natural area managers and tourism entrepreneurs were explored, as well as the public policy framework governing the activity. The results reveal a widespread commitment to sustainable ecotourism development, but also challenges in terms of inter-institutional coordination, citizen participation and resources. It highlights the importance of strengthening collaboration between different actors and implementing more effective public policies to ensure responsible and beneficial tourism development for rural tourism in Manabí. he sustainable development of ecotourism in Manabí demands a comprehensive approach that involves all relevant stakeholders, from government institutions to local communities
 
Received: 30 November 2024 / Accepted: 2 January 2025 / Published: 11 January 2025
Sustainable Development: Community Product Design Factors from Cultural Capital in Ancient Woven Fabric Patterns of Nakhon Chai Burin, Thailand
Authors: Wisansakkul Sopida , Seviset Somchai , Egwutvongsa Songwut
Published: January 2025

This mixed-methods research study examined the factors affecting the perception of cultural capital by local people and applied these factors to better understand the designs of woven fabric patterns in the Nakhon Chai Burin provincial group, Thailand. These designs stemmed from the identity of the Nakhon Chai Burin community and created sustainability for the local area. The sample was 400 people who resided in municipal areas of the Nakhon Chai Burin provincial group, selected using stratified sampling. The questionnaire had a good level of reliability (Cronbach’s alpha=0.975) using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Results showed that the factors affecting cultural perception in the Nakhon Chai Burin provincial group consisted of identity (AVE = 0.696, CR = 0.948), culture (AVE = 0.757, CR = 0.949), and important places (AVE = 0.732, CR = 0.891). The Quality Function Development (QFD) technique was used to design patterns using these three factors to integrate the living culture of the Nakhon Chai Burin provincial group and create a balance between the needs, beliefs, and values of the community and consumers.
 
Received: 10 November 2024 / Accepted: 4 January 2025 / Published: 11 January 2025
The Role of Economic Sustainability to Improve the Performance of Manufacturing Industry Companies in Indonesia: A Path Analysis
Authors: Arrozi Adhikara MF. , Nur Diana  , Abdurrahman  , Maslichah
Published: January 2025

Economic and technological development is a factor that has greatly changed environmental conditions, resulting in increased population, exploitation of nature, and improper management of industrialization. Waste output and resource consumption are significantly attributed to the industrial sector worldwide. These sectors have also been shown to be the most significant contributors to environmental pollution and carbon emissions. This research aims to determine how economic damage affects business performance by analyzing the impact of Green Intellectual Capital (GIC) and Environmental Management Accounting (EMA). The use of an explanatory causality approach achieved the stated objective. The selection of managers from the manufacturing sector as research samples, survey data gathering, and primary data sourcing were some of the steps in this methodology. The sampling strategy used was simple random sampling, and each participant served as the unit of analysis. Data was examined using Structural Equation Modeling [SEM], using a cross-sectional temporal horizon. GIC and EMA favorably impact economic sustainability, regardless of the numbers gathered. Economic sustainability, GIC, and EMA have also been shown to improve business performance. The findings demonstrated that the connection between economic and business performance sustainability was effectively mediated. The EMA and GIC, The variable also signified that the costs associated with environmental protection were relatively high, even though companies could still generate profits. This typically made the performance of manufacturing companies efficient but ineffective. For protection against environmental pollution, industrial enterprises in Indonesia often adhere to the Global Risk Index's (GRI) recommendations and voluntarily apply environmental and social responsibility.
 
Received: 7 November 2024 / Accepted:  5 January 2025 / Published: 11 January 2025
A Bibliometric Analysis of Blockchain-Based Zakat System Design: Solutions for Transparency and Oversight of Zakat Funds in the Digital Era
Authors: Islami Rahayu Nurul Widyawati , Al Ahsani Nasirudin , Suroyya Dhama , Yudiawan Agus
Published: January 2025

This research was conducted to fill the literature gap related to the specific application of blockchain technology to the zakat system, which until now has been little discussed in the context of transparency and accountability of zakat fund management. While previous studies have generally only highlighted the potential of blockchain in the financial and charity sectors, this study explores in depth the design of a blockchain-based zakat system to supervise zakat funds in the digital era. This study analyzes 44 articles indexed by Scopus, published between 2019-2024, to identify publication trends, geographical contributions, main keywords, and influential institutions and journals on this topic. The results show that blockchain has significant potential to improve transparency and accountability of zakat management, with an increasing research trend in Muslim-majority countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia. In addition, the data shows that the main contributions to this research come from academic institutions in Southeast Asia and the Middle East. This analysis demonstrates the need for a cutting-edge technological approach to zakat management that is more transparent and accountable and provides a foundation for further studies in the application of blockchain to the Islamic finance sector.
 
Received: 22 November 2024 / Accepted: xx December 2024 / Published: 11 January 2025
Cultural Roots, Scientific Fruits: Exploring the PAPEDA Framework in Ethno-STEM Teaching
Authors: Asmaningrum Henie Poerwandar , Sathasivam Renuka V. , Shahali Edy Hafizan Bin Mohd
Published: January 2025

This article, with an emphasis on conceptual discussion, explores the possibilities of ethno-STEM teaching through the innovative framework of PAPEDA, offering a practical approach to blending indigenous knowledge with STEM disciplines. The PAPEDA framework—Provide, Analyze, Perform, Evaluate, Disseminate, Assessment—depicts a structured but flexible approach to dealing with the very real issues of ethno-STEM implementation, while facilitating the benefits of the integration of technoscience. Through comparison with established cognitive models such as 5E and 7E, the authors will illustrate the unique strengths of PAPEDA in the creation of a culturally responsive worksheet for STEM teaching that is engaging for students. The article will show how the PAPEDA framework is not only enriching in terms of cultural relevance, but also successful in integrating the principles of ethnoscience and STEM-based human technology, promoting critical thinking and problem-solving skills, fostering scientific literacy within cultural contexts, and discussing options for its implementation in various learning settings. This article will also discuss the role of the Engineering Design Process as an integral aspect of the implementation strategies for PAPEDA. It will also discuss the potential of future research areas including longitudinal studies, international adaptations, and assessment tools. The conclusion of the article will make claims that the PAPEDA framework for ethno-STEM implementation is a fruitful opportunity to revolutionize science education to provide an inclusive, relevant, and efficient STEM education that can transform science curricula to better serve diverse students and address the Global Grand Challenges while being culturally-based. 
 
Received: 23 November 2024 / Accepted: 4 January 2025/ Published: 11 January 2025
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN AKSARA JAWA BERBASIS SCRABBLE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS SISWA KELAS IV SDN NGEBELGEDE 1
Authors: Arini Dea
Published: January 2025

Learning to write Javanese texts has not been promoted because there are obstacles starting from the lack of different learning methods and media, which makes it difficult for students to write scripts and sandhangan because the style and pronunciation are the same. The purpose of the research to develop a skillful, efficient and effective Scrabble-based Javanese written language learning to facilitate the learning of the Javanese language, text writing and improve writing skills in students of the fourth grade at SDN Ngebelgede I. This development uses the 4-D (four-D) model. it has 4 stages namely Definition, Design, Development and Dissemination. Data collection methods use observations, interviews, questionnaires, tests and documents. The data analysis method makes use of qualitative analysis in the form of advice and input from experts, as well as quantitative analysis obtained from statistical analysis in the form of questionnaires and tests. The result of the emphasis on the material in the media received an average value of 4.8 with a very strong component. The media confirmation result is the result of an average of 4.5 real parts. The results of the teacher's answers reached an average of 4.8 points in the specific skill category. The results of the students' answers to the short test received a score of 4.12 in the functional category and the results of the field test received a score of 4.33 in the category of specific skills. Scrabble-based learning media for writing the Javanese script is also effective in improving writing skills according to the student's academic average. There is a difference shown by the mean value of the last paired sample T-test producing Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 < 0.05 with a mean pretest score of 47.27 and a mean posttest score of 82.27, an increase of 35.00. It can be concluded that Scrabble-based javanese script learning media is effective in improving Javanese script writing skills.
Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) Dalam Fungsi Legislasi Desa Karang Jaya Kecamatan Gegerbitung Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Darusalam Muhammad Alu
Published: January 2025

Badan Permusyawaratn Desa adalah lembaga yang melaksanakan fungsi pemerintahan yang anggotanya merupakan wakil dari penduduk Desa berdasarkan keterwakilan wilayah dan ditetapkan secara demokratis. Fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) sangat strategis, karena memiliki fungsi penyelenggaraan urusan pemerintahaan dan kepentingan masyarakat setempat dalam sistem Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Selain itu, keanggotaan dan proses pemilihan menjadikan Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) sebagai lembaga yang absah mewakili masyarakat dalam menyerap, mengelola dan menyampaikan aspirasi masyarakat serta menjadi penyeimbang jalannya pemerintahan di desa. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan melalui pendekatan deskriptip yaitu dimaksudkan untuk eksplorasi dan klarifikasi mengenai suatu fenomena atau kenyataan sosial, dengan jalan mendeskripsikan sejumlah variabel yang berkenaan dengan masalah dan unit yang diteliti. Dalam tulisan ini menjelaskan bagaimana peran badan permusyawaratan desa (BPD) Desa Karangjaya terkait fungsi legislasi dalam penyusunan peraturan desa dan bagaimana efektifitas badan permusyawaratan desa (BPD) Desa Karangjaya dalam proses penyusunan peraturan desa.
Study of the dynamics of magnetic particles in rotating magnetic field: A 3D finite element analysis
Authors: Ku Jiangang , Yu Xuyan , Wang Qian , Wang Zhaolian , Lei Zhongyun
Published: January 2025

The analysis of magnetic particle dynamics in a rotating magnetic field and the exploration of the magnetic agglomeration mechanism are crucial for effectively reducing agglomeration in strong magnetic minerals and improving sorting efficiency. The forces acting on magnetic particles in a rotating magnetic field were analyzed in this study. A 3D model was built to simulate the complex interaction between two magnetic particles in a rotating magnetic field using COMSOL Multiphysics finite element simulation software. It shows that the number of periods of change in the spiral period, velocity, and acceleration remains consistent under different conditions. Additionally, their period numbers are positively correlated with magnetic field rotational speed, medium viscosity, and the initial particle spacing, and negatively correlated with magnetic field strength. Under various conditions, the larger the area of the velocity-closed surface in the same cycle, the larger the helical diameter of the particle trajectory. The initial acceleration of the particles exhibits a positive correlation with the strength of the magnetic field, a negative correlation with the viscosity of the medium and the initial distance, and no significant relationship with the rotational speed of the magnetic field. For further research on the dynamics of magnetic particles and the refinement of the mechanism of magnetic agglomeration, the results have an important theoretical reference value.
Commutative Rings and Corresponding V-Graphs
Authors: Zeyada Nasr , Bashamakh S. A. , Almalawi Ohoud
Published: January 2025

Algebraic graph theory, which applies algebraic techniques to graph problems, is a pivotal area of study. Many ring algebraic properties have representations in graph theory. In this paper, we introduce an innovative type of graph related to rings that we call the V-graph. Let T be a ring with identity. The V-graph of T, denoted by V(T), consists of a set of vertices equal to all non-zero elements of T. Two different vertices u and v are adjacent if and only if uv is a regular element in T. We present several examples to demonstrate how this form of graph differs from the known ring-based graphs, such as zero-divisor graphs, unit graphs, and quasi-regular graphs. We calculate the diameter and independent number, as well as the domination number for the V-graph of the ring of integers Zn.
Some Binomial Sums of k-Pell, k-Pell-Lucas and Modified k-Pell Numbers
Authors: Godase A. D.
Published: January 2025

The main goal of this paper is to find some new identities containing k-Pell and k-Pell-Lucas numbers. In addition, we use these identities to prove binomial properties of k-Pell, k-Pell-Lucas, and modified k-Pell numbers. It is possible to prove some new properties of k-Pell, k-Pell-Lucas and modified k-Pell numbers based on the obtained results. The generated functions can also be expressed in closed form using them.
Predicting the Effectiveness of Laser Therapy in Periodontal Diseases Using Machine Learning Models
Authors:   Dentist, Pham Hung Dental Center MTV Company Limited, Pham Hung Street, Binh Chanh district, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam, Phan Han Thi Ngoc , Akter Arjina ,   Department Of Public Health, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the effectiveness of machine learning models in predicting the outcomes of laser therapy for periodontal diseases. Various algorithms, including Neural Networks, Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine, were applied to a dataset containing clinical variables such as pocket depth and gingival inflammation. The Neural Network model achieved the highest predictive accuracy with an AUC-ROC score of 0.91, followed by Gradient Boosting at 0.90. These models outperformed traditional techniques, demonstrating that machine learning can accurately predict treatment success. The findings suggest that machine learning can aid clinicians in personalizing laser therapy, optimizing treatment, and improving patient outcomes. Further research with diverse datasets is recommended to refine these models.
Analisis Maqāṣid al-sharī’ah dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Ornamen Keagamaan Nonmuslim
Authors: Rayyahun Annisa , Sabbar Sabbar Dahham
Published: January 2025

This research examines the maqāṣid al-sharī’ah perspective in the context of buying and selling non-Muslim religious ornaments with a contemporary fiqh muamalah approach. The main focus of the research is to analyze the legal aspects, limitations, and implications of the transaction within the framework of maintaining the five fundamental aspects (ḍarūriyyah al-khams). The research methodology uses a qualitative approach with descriptive-normative analysis, combining classical and contemporary literature studies, as well as comparative analysis of scholarly opinions. Primary data is obtained from classical fiqh books, fatwas of contemporary scholars, and documentation related to the practice of buying and selling religious ornaments. Secondary data includes journals, scientific articles, and related research results. The results of the study show that: First, there are variations of scholarly opinions in determining the law of buying and selling non-Muslim religious ornaments. Second, this practice is permissible as long as it does not violate sharia principles, such as supporting activities that are contrary to Islam or harming the ummah. This transaction must maintain maslahat, tolerance and social harmony without obscuring Islamic identity.
Small and Medium Scale Enterprises and Nigeria Economic Growth
Authors: Oluremi Deborah Oluwadunmininu , Maku Owen Affor
Published: January 2025

Globally, small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) are acknowledged as key contributors to economic expansion. SMEs are seen as vital components of the Nigerian economy since they contribute significantly to job creation, income generation, and poverty alleviation. However, despite all these achievements of SMEs their performance in Nigeria has been a subject of concern for several years. This study measured empirically how SMEs have affected Nigeria’s economic growth using key macroeconomic indicators as the Commercial Bank Loan, Patent Application, Trade, Value Added Tax, among others. The study employed Bound tests and Co-Integrating Regression on data collected from World Bank database, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) data statistics, CBN Statistical Bulletin and World Investment Reports (2023). The study discovered that while patent applications has a negative effect on Nigerian economic growth, loans from commercial banks, inflation, value-added tax, labour force participation, and SME trade have a favorable impact. In order to support SMEs and growth in the Nigerian economy, it was suggested that a combination of fiscal and monetary policies be used by the Nigerian government. Policymakers should streamline loan application processes, reducing bureaucratic hurdles, and improving credit scoring mechanisms. The government should also foster more public finance, private led initiatives to provide SMEs with all they need to thrive in the economy.
Determination of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Development Strategy Based on SWOT Analysis in Strategy Management
Authors: Liani Rosita , Jumaidi Lalu Takdir
Published: January 2025

This research aims to elucidate and comprehend the strategies employed by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in their business development based on SWOT analysis in Strategic Management. The research is conducted using an interpretative and phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques involve interviews and documentation. The research findings indicate that the application of SWOT analysis in business development can be utilized to formulate marketing strategies, thereby increasing sales and fostering business growth in both the present and the future. Furthermore, the use of social media in the marketing process enables the product to gain recognition among a broader audience, leading to an expanded market share. The implemented SWOT matrix has generated alternative strategies such as SO, WO, ST, and WT, which can be implemented within the Company to address weaknesses, leverage external opportunities, and capitalize on the Company's strengths to mitigate or counter the impact of external threats.
Betalningsföreläggande
Authors: Lihné Nils Börje
Published: January 2025

Beskrivning saknas.
Demographic Characteristics of Patients who Underwent Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry According to Age and Clinical Department
Authors: Delen Veysel , Doğan Ferit
Published: January 2025

Aim: The aim of this study was to retrospectively assess the bone dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with the prolongation of human living all over the world results taken over a year along with the demographic characteristics of the patients.
Material and Method: This study was performed at the Department of Radiology, Harran University Hospital between January 1, 2022 and January 1, 2023. Bone DXA examinations requested from all clinical departments within a one-year period were investigated. Osteoporosis (OP) was evaluated considering clinical department-based six groups and age-based four groups.
Results: A total of 1366 patients from all clinical departments such as physical medicine and rehabilitation (PMR), orthopedics, neurology, endocrine, obstetrics and other branches who requested bone DXA were included in the study. Of these, 1166 (85.36%) were women and 200 (14.64%) were men. The PMR was the most frequently prompted clinical department with 721 (52.78%) patients. The OP frequency was highest in the group aged 65 years and older. The lowest OP frequency was seen in the group aged 64 years and younger.
Conclusion: The prevalence of osteoporosis increases with age and the prevalence of OP is higher in women. More than half of DXA requests belong to the PMR department. The PMR department have an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of OP.
SIP Banget Batu City: Nurturing the Quality of Creative Economy and Tourism Services from a New Public Service Perspective
Authors: Nur Kholis Majid Mohammad , Wardiyanto Bintoro , Setijaningrum Erna
Published: January 2025

Batu Tourism Information System Creative Economy Development is an e-government initiative created by Batu City to encourage tourism and local creative industries. However, more inclusive methods are needed due to technical constraints and low community participation. This article looks at how BANGET SIP was implemented through an NPS framework that emphasizes community participation, transparency, and social accountability. The government can increase community trust and optimize application performance by applying NPS principles, such as citizens as partners and government as facilitators. In addition, cross-sector collaboration is essential to develop a sustainable creative economy and tourism. The research method is descriptive qualitative with literature study and observation. The results of the analysis show that the application of NPS can help BANGET SIP become a more inclusive, responsive, and sustainable development-oriented public service, while the application of NPS can help strengthen more transparent and open governance.
Impact and analysis of corrosion on elastic stress in a composite disk under parabolic temperature distribution using the Rayleigh-Ritz method with trigonometric Ritz functions
Authors: Djillali Kouider , Madjid Berrabah Hamza , Abdallah Zine
Published: January 2025

This study conducts an in-depth impact and analysis of corrosion on the elastic stresses within a composite disk exposed to a parabolic temperature distribution. The disk, reinforced with steel fibers, is modeled as a thermo-elastic composite material to evaluate its performance under thermal and corrosive conditions. The Rayleigh-Ritz method, a widely recognized numerical approach for solving boundary value problems, is utilized to derive analytical solutions for both radial and tangential stresses. This method applies the principle of minimum potential energy to approximate displacement fields through Trigonometric Ritz Functions, which are subsequently employed to calculate stress components. The parabolic temperature distribution imposes a non-uniform thermal load across the disk, significantly altering the stress distribution. The study explores how the inherent thermal properties of the composite material interact with temperature variations, resulting in intricate stress patterns. By systematically varying temperature parameters, the analysis uncovers the sensitivity of stress components to thermal gradients. Comparative evaluations are performed for different temperature profiles, identifying critical regions of stress concentration. The findings offer essential insights into the behavior of thermo-elastic composites under non-uniform thermal and corrosive conditions, establishing a robust analytical framework for future research and practical engineering applications. This research emphasizes the necessity of integrating both thermal effects and Trigonometric Ritz Functions in the design and analysis of composite structures exposed to varying temperature loads and corrosion.
Gravitational-wave Dark Siren Cosmology Systematics from Galaxy Weighting
Authors: Hanselman Alexandra G. , Vijaykumar Aditya , Fishbach Maya , Holz Daniel E.
Published: January 2025

The detection of GW170817 and the measurement of its redshift from the associated electromagnetic counterpart provided the first gravitational-wave (GW) determination of the Hubble constant (H
0), demonstrating the potential power of standard siren cosmology. In contrast to this “bright siren” approach, the “dark siren” approach can be utilized for GW sources in the absence of an electromagnetic counterpart: One considers all galaxies contained within the localization volume as potential hosts. When statistically averaging over the potential host galaxies, weighting them by physically motivated properties (e.g., tracing star formation or stellar mass) could improve convergence. Using mock galaxy catalogs, we explore the impact of these weightings on the measurement of H
0. We find that incorrect weighting schemes can lead to significant biases due to two effects: the assumption of an incorrect galaxy redshift distribution, and preferentially weighting incorrect host galaxies during the inference. The magnitudes of these biases are influenced by the number of galaxies along each line of sight, the measurement uncertainty in the GW luminosity distance, and correlations in the parameter space of galaxies. We show that the bias may be overcome from improved localization constraints in future GW detectors, a strategic choice of priors or weighting prescription, and by restricting the analysis to a subset of high-signal-to-noise ratio events. We propose the use of hierarchical inference as a diagnostic of incorrectly weighted prescriptions. Such approaches can simultaneously infer the correct weighting scheme and the values of the cosmological parameters, thereby mitigating the bias in dark siren cosmology due to incorrect host-galaxy weighting.
Perceptions of cultural landscapes: Exploring tourist satisfaction in traditional villages
Authors: Shen Huaheng , Tan Xueqin , Liu Xinmei , Yu Xiting , Luo Yu
Published: January 2025

The cultural landscape of traditional villages is a valuable cultural heritage. Using the example of the Huangdu Dong Village, this study collected data on the perceptions of 209 tourists regarding the cultural landscape of traditional villages using a questionnaire survey. The perceptions and satisfaction rates of tourists were analyzed, and key factors influencing their satisfaction with the cultural landscape were identified. The results show that tourists generally hold a positive perception of traditional village cultural landscapes, with the highest levels of perceptions belonging to folk activity cultural landscapes and clothing cultural landscapes. Additionally, this study identified four key factors that have a significant positive impact on tourist satisfaction with the cultural landscape, namely architectural, water, vegetation, and service facility cultural landscapes. The research also found that tourists residing in rural areas reported significantly higher satisfaction with the cultural landscape than those living in urban areas; moreover, tourists with an income above 10,000 yuan exhibited significantly higher satisfaction compared to other income groups. Finally, based on its findings, this study provides recommendations for optimizing the protection, planning, and design of traditional village cultural landscapes to enhance overall tourist satisfaction.
Exponential stability of ARZ traffic flow model based on $ 2\times 2 $ variable-coefficient hyperbolic system
Authors: Wang Yiyan , Zhao Dongxia , Sun Caifen , Guo Yaping
Published: January 2025

This paper studies the exponential stability of the Aw-Rascle-Zhang (ARZ) traffic flow model. Given that the steady state may be non-uniform, we obtain a $ 2\times2 $ hyperbolic system with variable coefficients. Then, by combining ramp metering and variable speed limit control, we deduce a kind of proportional boundary feedback controller. The well-posedness of the closed-loop system is proved by using the theory of semigroups of operators. Moreover, a novel Lyapunov function, whose weighted function is constructed by the solution of a first-order ordinary differential equation, can be used for the stability analysis. The analysis gives a sufficient stability condition for the feedback parameters, which is easy to verify. Finally, the effectiveness of boundary control and the feasibility of the feedback parameters are obtained by numerical simulation.
Implementation and Analytical Linearization of a Rotor Simulation with a Coupled Panel and Vortex Particle Method in State-Space Form
Authors: Hussien Hussien  A. A. H. , Cocco Alessandro , Saetti Umberto
Published: January 2025

This article describes the implementation and analytical linearization of a dynamic rotor simulation with a coupled panel and vortex particle method in state-variable form. Panels are used to model the wing/blade surface as well as the near wake, whereas vortex particles are used to model the far wake. The coupled panel and vortex particle dynamics are formulated as a nonlinear time-periodic system of ODEs in the first-order form to be self-contained and inherently linearizable. Linearization of this coupled panel and vortex particle method is demonstrated via finite differencing and a novel analytical linearization technique to yield a linear time-periodic (LTP) representation. Harmonic decomposition is used to approximate the LTP dynamics with a linear time-invariant system so as to be suitable for time-invariant system analyses. The code is implemented in MATLAB® for a generic utility helicopter rotor blade and validated against an open-source vortex particle method. The linearized models are verified against the nonlinear dynamics both in time and frequency domains. Linearized models accurately represent the wake dynamics of the equilibrium condition for moderate amplitude and frequency forcing inputs. Analytical linearization is shown to abate the cost of linearization over perturbation methods by O(n2), where n is the total number of states of the system. Linearized models of the coupled panel and vortex particle dynamics have applications in the flight dynamics of rotary-wing vehicles, where these dynamics can be used to augment the rigid-body dynamics.
Asymptomatic neck mass and normal variations of the thymus in children: A report of two cases from a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Albaqami Maryam , Almonifi Abdulaziz , Albelali Areej
Published: January 2025

The pathogenesis of cervical extension of the thymus has been postulated to be incomplete descent of the thymus in the midline of the neck, which is considered normal in children. The thymus normally extends to the neck in approximately two-thirds of children. Ectopic thymus mainly occurs in 1%–13% of the younger population. In this study, we report two cases of asymptomatic neck swelling, one due to cervical extension of the thymus and the other due to a right submandibular ectopic thymus. None of the patients required any intervention. Recurrent suprasternal swelling in children that becomes more pronounced during coughing/crying or Valsalva maneuvers can be more accurately diagnosed using neck ultrasonography and/or magnetic resonance imaging.
Consensus recommendations for diagnosis and management of pulmonary arterial hypertension patients in Egypt
Authors: Farghaly Ayman , Aziz Ahmed A. , El Korashy Reem , Abdelrady Marwa , Soliman Wael , Hassan Ahmed , Soliman Youssef Amin
Published: January 2025

Background

The burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in Egypt is quite comparable to the global burden. Nonetheless, there is a lack of clear national guidance on the screening, treatment, and diagnosis of PAH in Egypt. This consensus aimed at summarizing and adapting to the updated guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of PAH by combining available evidence from the Egyptian practice according to Egyptian experts’ opinions.

Methods

A three-step modified Delphi method was adopted to develop the present consensus, which consisted of two rounds of voting and in-between virtual meeting. Seven specialized experts from Egyptian PH expert referral centers were invited.

Results

The consensus provided 71 statements for the screening, diagnosis, and management of PAH, which considered the resources availability and the infrastructure of the healthcare system in Egypt. Besides, the experts highlighted several unmet medical needs pertaining to the diagnosis and management of PAH in Egypt.

Conclusion

There is a need to establish a national registry that covers all Egyptian PAH centers as well as standardized patients’ databases in these centers. This should be coupled with the development of screening algorithms tailored to the Egyptian setting. To develop such national screening algorithms, cost-effectiveness studies should be conducted in Egypt to better understand optimal screening frequency and the best use of algorithms. Concerning the management of PAH in Egypt, experts emphasized the role of real-world evidence in investigating the current treatment options for PAH in Egypt to improve the understanding of using these therapies in the real world. Likewise, educational programs and workshops should ensure effective physician–patient communication to promote greater patient satisfaction and higher adherence to medications.
Comparison of efficacy and safety between palonosetron and ondansetron to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing non-laparoscopic surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Lal Babu , Alagarsamy Ragavi , Kumar Jitendra , Rai Anshul J. , Yadav Vineeta , Joshi Rajnish , Yunus Md.
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims:

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common and distressing complication in all types of surgeries involving general anaesthesia. To establish evidence for best clinical practices, this meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of palonosetron and ondansetron in preventing PONV in patients undergoing non-laparoscopic surgeries.

Methods:

A PRISMA-guided systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and Cochrane Library to identify comparative studies that reported the efficacy (nausea and vomiting) at postoperative time points, namely T1 (0–2 hours), T2 (0–6 hours), T3 (12–24 hours), T4 (24–48 hours), and T5 (24–72 hours), as well as safety (number of incidence of adverse effects). A meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety groups was performed using a random-effects model.

Results:

Nineteen randomised controlled trials were included. Pooled risk ratio (RR) revealed that patients receiving palonosetron were significantly less likely to develop nausea [0–2 h, RR = 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50, 1.34), P = 0.317, I2 = 15.3%], [0–6 h, RR = 0.76 (95% CI: 0.44, 1.29), P = 0.137, I2 = 45.7%], [12–24 h, RR = 0.39 (95%CI: 0.16, 0.96), P = 0.088, I2 = 54.2%], [24–48 h, RR = 0.44 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.96), P = 0.598, I2 = 0%], [24–72 h, RR 0.22 (95% CI: 0.08, 0.57), P = 0.119, I2 = 53.0%] and vomiting [0–2 h, RR = 0.59 (95% CI: 0.29, 1.23), P = 0.868, I2 = 0%], [0–6 h, RR = 1.42 (95% CI: 0.74, 2.72), P = 0.790, I2 = 0%], [12–24 h, RR = 0.14 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.51), P = 0.749, I2 = 0.0%], [24–48 h, RR = 0.24 (95%CI: 0.09, 0.62), P = 0.561, I2 = 0%], [24–72 h, RR = 0.11 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.58), P = 0.859, I2 = 0%]. The safety profiles of palonosetron and ondansetron were comparable [headache: RR = 0.82 (95%CI: 0.65, 1.04), P = 0.940, I2 = 0%], [drowsiness: RR = 0.96 (95%CI: 0.54, 1.71), P = 0.870, I2 = 0%], [constipation: RR=1.20 (95%CI: 0.52, 2.79), P = 0.650, I2 = 0%], [dizziness: RR = 0.60 (95%CI: 0.44, 0.83), P = 0.644, I2 = 0%].

Conclusion:

Palonosetron and ondansetron exhibited comparable efficacy in the early hours (0–6 h). Palonosetron showed superior efficacy beyond 6 hours, providing sustained PONV prophylaxis in patients undergoing various surgeries, excluding laparoscopic procedures.
Relative perioperative analgesic efficacy of single-shot serratus anterior plane block versus thoracic paravertebral block in breast and thoracic surgeries – A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Makkar Jeetinder K. , Singh Narinder P. , Khurana Bisman Jeet Kaur , Singh Preet M.
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims:

Various regional analgesia techniques, such as thoracic paravertebral (TPV) and serratus anterior plane (SAP) blocks, have been employed to manage postoperative pain following chest wall surgery. However, the comparative analgesic efficacy of these two approaches remains uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the relative analgesic efficacy of these blocks in chest wall surgeries, including breast and thoracic procedures. The primary objective was the time to first rescue analgesia, and the secondary objective encompassed opioid consumption within 24 h, pain scores at different time intervals, opioid-related adverse effects and block-related complications.

Methods:

A systematic search for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus databases, covering studies from their inception to September 2023. We included active treatment arms from RCTs comparing these analgesic modalities. Statistical analysis was conducted in Review Manager Version 5.3, and results were analysed and reported separately for breast and thoracic surgery subgroups.

Results:

Eighteen trials enroling 1141 patients were included. Overall, no significant difference was observed in time to rescue analgesia, with a mean difference of 0.69 h (95% confidence interval −1.83, 0.45; P = 0.24, I
2 = 98%) between the SAP and TPV block groups. However, the TPV block demonstrated superior results for secondary outcomes in thoracic surgery patients. Complications related to the TPV block included pleural puncture and haematoma at the injection site.

Conclusions:

The evidence suggests that both blocks generally offer comparable analgesic efficacy for chest wall surgery patients, with the TPV block providing a slight advantage for those undergoing thoracic surgery.
Comparison of desflurane and sevoflurane as maintenance inhalational anaesthetic agents for adult patients undergoing neurosurgeries: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials
Authors: Hariyanto Hori , Widiastuti Monika , Pandrya Carla Oktaviani , Surya Kevin Anderson , Audi William
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims:

Despite its superior blood–gas partition coefficient compared to sevoflurane, use of desflurane in neurosurgery is limited due to concerns about cerebral vasodilation and potential adverse haemodynamic effects. This study aims to systematically evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of desflurane and sevoflurane in neurosurgical procedures.

Methods:

A search was performed in the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Europe PMC and Medline databases for articles published until 5 November 2024 using a combination of pertinent keywords. This review includes randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that analyse the comparison between desflurane and sevoflurane in neurosurgery. The risk of bias from each RCT was assessed using the Risk of Bias version 2 tool from Cochrane Collaboration. We utilised random-effects models to evaluate the mean difference (MD) and odds ratio (OR) for the outcomes presented.

Results:

Fourteen trials, encompassing 904 patients, were included in the analysis. Our analysis revealed significantly faster recovery profiles with desflurane, including reduced emergence time [MD -2.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): -2.99, -1.52, P < 0.00001, I
2 = 71%], extubation time (MD -3.02; 95% CI: -3.89, -2.15, P < 0.00001, I
2 = 79%) and overall recovery time (MD -3.26; 95% CI: -5.01, -1.51, P = 0.0003, I
2 = 83%), compared to sevoflurane. Desflurane was associated with better postoperative cognitive function, as evidenced by higher short orientation memory concentration test scores – a measure of attention and memory – at 15 min (MD: 2.26; 95% CI: 0.13, 4.39, P = 0.04, I
2 = 91%) and 60 min (MD: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.50, P = 0.005, I
2 = 0%) after extubation. We did not find any significant difference in the intra- and/or postoperative events, such as emergence agitation, nausea and vomiting, shivering, hypertension, hypotension, tachycardia, bradycardia, pain and convulsions, between the two groups of intervention.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that desflurane anaesthesia offers faster recovery with a similar safety profile to sevoflurane for neurosurgery.
Effect of different regional anaesthesia techniques on postoperative analgesia following percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Long Kun , Zhou Chengfu , Liang Jingqiu , Tang Xixi , Li Zhijian , Chen Qi
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims:

The optimal analgesia for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) remains uncertain. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of various analgesic strategies for PCNL.

Methods:

We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, ClinicalTrials.gov, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Ovid and EMBASE to identify all relevant randomised controlled trials published up to January 2024. Our review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024504578). The identified methods included erector spinae plane block (ESPB), paravertebral block (PVB), intercostal nerve block (ICNB), quadratus lumborum block (QLB) and local infiltration. Our primary outcomes consisted of 24-h cumulative opioid consumption and the time to first use of opioid medication postoperatively. Secondary outcomes encompassed pain scores at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h postoperatively, as well as occurrences of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Results:

Overall, 27 trials met our inclusion criteria. QLB, PVB and ESPB demonstrated significant advantages in reducing 24-h postoperative opioid consumption and providing effective analgesia at all measured postoperative time points within 24 h, compared to the placebo group. However, there was no statistical difference between the three interventions. Similarly, there were no statistical differences in all outcomes between the ICNB and infiltration groups compared to the placebo group.

Conclusions:

ESPB, PVB and QLB offer significant analgesic benefits for PCNL compared to placebo, with no significant differences in efficacy among them. Due to limited evidence, ICNB and local infiltration were found not to be more effective than placebo.