bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronic Ethanol Exposure Modulates Periaqueductal Gray to Extended Amygdala Dopamine Circuit
Authors: Pati Dipanwita , Downs Anthony M. , McElligott Zoe A. , Kash Thomas L.
Published: December 2022

The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a component of the extended amygdala that regulates motivated behavior and affective states and plays an integral role in the development of alcohol-use disorder (AUD). The dorsal subdivision of the BNST (dBNST) receives dense dopaminergic input from the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG)/dorsal raphe (DR). To date, no studies have examined the effects of chronic alcohol on this circuit. Here, we used chronic intermittent ethanol exposure (CIE), a well-established rodent model of AUD, to functionally interrogate the vlPAG/DR-BNST dopamine (DA) circuit during acute withdrawal. We selectively targeted vlPAG/DRDAneurons in tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing transgenic adult male mice. Usingex vivoelectrophysiology, we found hyperexcitability of vlPAG/DRDAneurons in CIE-treated mice. Further, using optogenetic approaches to target vlPAG/DRDAterminals in the dBNST, we revealed a CIE-mediated shift in the vlPAG/DR-driven excitatory-inhibitory (E/I) ratio to a hyperexcitable state in dBNST. Additionally, to quantify the effect of CIE on endogenous DA signaling, we coupled optogenetics with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to measure pathway-specific DA release in dBNST. CIE-treated mice had significantly reduced signal half-life, suggestive of faster clearance of DA signaling. CIE treatment also altered the ratio of vlPAG/DRDA-driven cellular inhibition and excitation of a subset of dBNST neurons. Overall, our findings suggest a dysregulation of vlPAG/DR to BNST dopamine circuit, which may contribute to pathophysiological phenotypes associated with AUD.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe dorsal bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (dBNST) is highly implicated in the pathophysiology of alcohol-use disorder and receives dopaminergic inputs from ventrolateral periaqueductal gray/dorsal raphe regions (vlPAG/DR). The present study highlights the plasticity within the vlPAG/DR to dBNST dopamine (DA) circuit during acute withdrawal from chronic ethanol exposure. More specifically, our data reveal that chronic ethanol strengthens vlPAG/DR-dBNST glutamatergic transmission while altering both DA transmission and dopamine-mediated cellular inhibition of dBNST neurons. The net result is a shift toward a hyperexcitable state in dBNST activity. Together, our findings suggest chronic ethanol may promote withdrawal-related plasticity by dysregulating the vlPAG/DR-dBNST DA circuit.
STIM1 and ORAI1 form a novel cold transduction mechanism in sensory and sympathetic neurons
Authors: Buijs Tamara J , Vilar Bruno , Tan Chun‐Hsiang , McNaughton Peter A
Published: December 2022

Moderate coolness is sensed by TRPM8 ion channels in peripheral sensory nerves, but the mechanism by which noxious cold is detected remains elusive. Here, we show that somatosensory and sympathetic neurons express two distinct mechanisms to detect noxious cold. In the first, inhibition by cold of a background outward current causes membrane depolarization that activates an inward current through voltage‐dependent calcium (CaV) channels. A second cold‐activated mechanism is independent of membrane voltage, is inhibited by blockers of ORAI ion channels and by downregulation of STIM1, and is recapitulated in HEK293 cells by co‐expression of ORAI1 and STIM1. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy we found that cold causes STIM1 to aggregate with and activate ORAI1 ion channels, in a mechanism similar to that underlying store‐operated calcium entry (SOCE), but directly activated by cold and not by emptying of calcium stores. This novel mechanism may explain the phenomenon of cold‐induced vasodilation (CIVD), in which extreme cold increases blood flow in order to preserve the integrity of peripheral tissues.
GRAMD1/ASTER‐mediated cholesterol transport promotes Smoothened cholesterylation at the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Qiu Zhi‐Ping , Lin Zi‐Cun , Hu Ao , Liu Yuan‐Bin , Zeng Wan‐Er , Zhao Xiaolu , Shi Xiong‐Jie , Luo Jie , Song Bao‐Liang
Published: December 2022

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in embryonic development. Hh binding to Patched1 (PTCH1) derepresses Smoothened (SMO), thereby activating the downstream signal transduction. Covalent SMO modification by cholesterol in its cysteine‐rich domain (CRD) is essential for SMO function. SMO cholesterylation is a calcium‐accelerated autoprocessing reaction, and STIM1‐ORAI1‐mediated store‐operated calcium entry promotes cholesterylation and activation of endosome‐localized SMO. However, it is unknown whether the Hh‐PTCH1 interplay regulates the activity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐localized SMO. Here, we found that PTCH1 inhibited the COPII‐dependent export of SMO from the ER, whereas Hh promoted this process. The RRxWxR amino acid motif in the cytosolic tail of SMO was essential for COPII recognition, ciliary localization, and signal transduction activity. Hh and PTCH1 regulated cholesterol modification of the ER‐localized SMO, and SMO cholesterylation accelerated its exit from ER. The GRAMD1/ASTER sterol transport proteins facilitated cholesterol transfer to ER from PM, resulting in increased SMO cholesterylation and enhanced Hh signaling. Collectively, we reveal a regulatory role of GRAMD‐mediated cholesterol transport in ER‐resident SMO maturation and Hh signaling.
Somatosensory neurons express specific sets of lincRNAs, and lincRNA CLAP promotes itch sensation in mice
Authors: Wang Bin , Jiang Bowen , Li Guo‐Wei , Dong Fei , Luo Zheng , Cai Bing , Wei Manyi , Huang Jiansong , Wang Kaikai , Feng Xin , Tong Fang , Wang Sashuang , Wang Qiong , Han Qingjian , Li Changlin , Zhang Xu , Yang Li , Bao Lan
Published: December 2022

Somatosensory neurons are highly heterogeneous with distinct types of neural cells responding to specific stimuli. However, the distribution and roles of cell‐type‐specific long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) in somatosensory neurons remain largely unexplored. Here, by utilizing droplet‐based single‐cell RNA‐seq (scRNA‐seq) and full‐length Smart‐seq2, we show that lincRNAs, but not coding mRNAs, are enriched in specific types of mouse somatosensory neurons. Profiling of lincRNAs from single neurons located in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) identifies 200 lincRNAs localized in specific types or subtypes of somatosensory neurons. Among them, the conserved cell‐type‐specific lincRNA CLAP associates with pruritus and is abundantly expressed in somatostatin (SST)‐positive neurons. CLAP knockdown reduces histamine‐induced Ca2+ influx in cultured SST‐positive neurons and in vivo reduces histamine‐induced scratching in mice. In vivo knockdown of CLAP also decreases the expression of neuron‐type‐specific and itch‐related genes in somatosensory neurons, and this partially depends on the RNA binding protein MSI2. Our data reveal a cell‐type‐specific landscape of lincRNAs and a function for CLAP in somatosensory neurons in sensory transmission.
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Inflammatory Response in Aortic Dissection
Authors: Gao Lulu , Jin Baihan , Shen Jiang , Zhang Xiaoying
Published: December 2022

Objective: To study the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on perioperative inflammatory response in aortic dissection (AD) patients.
Methods: From June 2020 to June 2022, 50 patients with Stanford type B AD underwent endovascular stent-graft exclusion (EVAR) at our hospital. They randomly were assigned to two groups (N = 25): the control group (C group) and the Dex group. Patients in the Dex group received 0.5ug/kg Dex intravenously 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia and 0.5µg/kg/h Dex during the intervention until 15 minutes before the end of surgery. In contrast, the C group received the same volume of normal saline at the same time points. The two groups were induced and maintained with the same anesthetic agents. Venous blood samples were taken 3 days before operation (T1), 1 day before operation (T2), 1 day after operation (T3) and 3 days after operation (T4) to detect levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell count (WBC).
Results: At T3 and T4, CRP and ESR in the Dex group were significantly improved compared with those in the C group.
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine can reduce the inflammatory reaction of aortic dissection.
Paradigma simbólico computacional, modularidad de la mente y lenguaje: principios y controversias
Authors: Rojas Zepeda Carlos Rodrigo
Published: December 2022

El paradigma simbólico computacional propone que la mente es un sistema de procesamiento compuesto por un conjunto de estructuras organizadas que operan siguiendo reglas precisas para tratar y transformar la información. Al respecto, Jerry Fodor nos presenta un modelo que supone una organización modular de la mente. Dichos módulos son específicos e innatos y serían responsables de nuestro comportamiento. En esta línea, Noam Chomsky concibe el lenguaje como una capacidad inherente del ser humano, modular y específica, que se desarrolla a partir de procesos madurativos, donde el ambiente es solo un mecanismo gatillador. Bajo estos principios, la modularidad de la mente fue ganando terreno, hasta ser considerada el modelo más influyente de la ciencia cognitiva. No obstante, con el tiempo, el modelo ha sido ampliamente cuestionado, pues supone una desnaturalización de la psicología ya que su fundamentación es tecnológica y no naturalista, al considerar el cerebro como un sistema de cómputos. No toma en cuenta las emociones ni la función de la conciencia en el pensamiento. Además, se desentiende del aporte del cuerpo, es decir, la acción, la percepción y la emoción en la configuración de la cognición. Sumado, desconoce la interconexión paralela entre múltiples unidades de procesamiento que permiten integrar información (conexionismo). Independiente de estas críticas, la modularidad propició modelos explicativos pioneros para entender el funcionamiento de la mente y el comportamiento. El próximo desafío para la ciencia cognitiva será complementar los distintos modelos de procesamiento que permitan otorgar una perspectiva funcional más amplia de la mente humana.
Effect of aging on material properties and partial discharge characteristics of insulating pressboard
Authors: Wang Yongqiang , Zhang Xia , Jiang Xiaolei , Wang Yunjia
Published: December 2022

Pressboard samples with different aging degrees were prepared to study the material and discharge characteristics of pressboards with a shielding electrode. The step-up method was used for the subsequent experiment. The partial discharges of the pressboards with different aging degrees were compared and combined using Fourier transform infrared spectra, as well as electric field simulations and analysis. The microstructure of the aged pressboards was observed with scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that pre-discharge occurred mainly in the oil gap between the hemispherical electrode edge and pressboard. Aging the pressboard had no obvious effect on the discharge characteristics at the initial partial discharge stage. As the partial discharge developed, aging the pressboard resulted in a higher electric field intensity acting over a greater area, which led to a more intense discharge. Microscopic observation showed that aging and discharge destroyed the fibre, reduced the fibre width, and caused holes and fractures, which promoted further development of the discharge. The spectroscopic analysis showed that aging destroyed O-H functional groups and reduced the intermolecular forces and mechanical properties of the pressboard.
Investigation of elastic properties of paper honeycomb panels with rectangular cells
Authors: Smardzewski Jerzy , Gajęcki Adam , Wojnowska Marlena
Published: December 2022

Multilayer panels that have paper cores with hexagonal cells continue to have a limited application in furniture production. In contrast, there are no sandwich honeycomb panels with cores containing rectangular cells employed in this industry. Such cores should distinguish themselves by strong orthotropic advantages, in particular, for designing shelves and partitions of cabinet furniture. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of core rectangular paper cells on the mechanical properties of three-layer furniture panels. The authors decided to ascertain relative density and elasticity constants of the designed cells. The results of empirical experiments of cell elasticity moduli were compared with the results of the analytical calculations. The impact of sample width on their mechanical properties was determined. It was demonstrated that cores with hexagonal cells in furniture panels could be replaced by cores with rectangular cells.
Reflections of a Famous Czech Historian About Russia's Aggression Against Ukraine on the Pages of the Second Edition of the Book “History of Ukraine” (Prague, 2022) and on the Occasion of the XXIII International Congress of Historical Sciences (Poznań, the Republic of Poland, August 21-27, 2022)
Authors:   Charles University, Rychlík Jan
Published: December 2022

The article presents the author's reflections on the 2014-2022 Russia-Ukraine war
Subversive Activities of Hungarian and Polish Sabotage Groups in Carpathian Ukraine (1938 – 1939)
Authors:   Uzhgorod National University, Vehesh Igor , Vehesh Mykola ,   Uzhgorod National University
Published: December 2022

The article, based on archival and published documents, attempts to highlight the international situation of the Czechoslovak Republic and Transcarpathia on the eve of World War II. It proves that Hungary, throughout the interwar period, pursued an aggressive irredentist policy aimed at destabilizing Czechoslovakia and returning “its original territories”. This revanchist activity culminated in 1938-1939, when the Hungarian government sent diversion groups to Carpathian Ukraine, trying to destabilize the domestic political situation in the region. A similar subversive operation was carried out by Poland, which sought to establish a common Hungarian-Polish border by completely eliminating Czechoslovakia. The authors argue that a “hybrid war” was waged against young Carpathian Ukraine and in mid-March 1939 it escalated into open intervention and occupation of the entire territory of the region. A. Voloshyn’s government together with the Czechoslovak troops made a lot of efforts to protect the settlements of Carpathian Ukraine from the destructive actions of enemy saboteurs. The formed divisions of the Carpathian Sich and the Ukrainian gendarmerie were involved in the defense of the borders. Some parallels can be drawn with the events of 2014 in Ukraine, when Russian troops annexed Crimea and occupied part of Donetsk and Luhansk regions. In 1938-1939, the governments of Hungary and Poland assured the world community that their troops did not exist in Transcarpathia. Similar is the position of the leadership of the Russian Federation concerning the events of 2014-2021 in Ukraine
Towards the Preservation and Promotion of the Cultural (Linguistic) Heritage of the North Azovian Greeks in Independent Ukraine
Authors:   the Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Piskizhova Vladyslava
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the paper is to research the issue of preservation and promotion of the linguistic heritage of the North Azovian Greeks – Urum and Roumean languages, to investigate the request of Ukrainian Greeks to learn Modern Greek, which is the official language of the metropolis of representatives of this ethnic community, as well as to analyze the general linguistic situation in the mentioned environment, etc. The research methodology is based on the scientific principles of historicism, objectivity and social approach using general scientific and special historical methods. The scientific research carried out allows us to state that for more than a quarter of a century of its activity (starting in 1995), thanks to the support of domestic and foreign government and public institutions, the Federation of greek communities of Ukraine worked hard towards the realization of one of its fundamental statutory tasks - popularization/preservation of linguistic heritage of the North Azovian Greeks, meeting the requests of the Greek community of Ukraine to learn the language of the metropolis, etc. The Federation of greek communities of Ukraine tried to create a favorable basis for their further functioning, and, therefore, preservation. At the same time, the request of Ukrainian Greeks to study these languages remains insignificant to this day, especially regarding the Urum and Roumean languages. The analysis of the dynamics of the request of Ukrainian Greeks for their study shows that in recent years, it was possible to observe a certain increase in the number of people willing to study the Modern Greek, and this is quite logical. It should also be noted that the original Urum and Roumean languages are currently on the verge of extinction, which was recorded in 2018 in the UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, becoming more and more limited exclusively to the sphere of everyday communication of the older generation of the North Azovian Greeks
Louis Mallet in the Crosshairs of “the Times”: Criticism of Actions of the British Diplomacy in Constantinople at the Beginning of the First World War
Authors:   Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University, Hrachov Artem
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the publication of “A Mortifying Disclosure” in the British newspaper “The Times” on August 24, 1917, with criticism of British foreign policy towards the Ottoman Empire, in particular the actions of Louis Mallet, the British ambassador in Constantinople. The mentioned publication, as well as the discussion caused by it, are little covered in historiography. Much more information is provided by the primary sources, represented by the documents of the British National Archives (The National Archives, TNA), and also by the memoirs of the participants of researched events. In the mentioned article, Louis Mallet was criticized for short-sightedness and excessive credulity. According to the author of the publication, the Turkish grand vizier deceived the British ambassador, even when the choice of the Ottoman Empire in favor of entering the war on the side of the Central Powers became obvious. In turn, the fact that British diplomats failed to find out about the existence of the German-Turkish treaty became the basis for sharp criticism of the Foreign Office at all. In response to this publication, Louis Mallet spoke in defense of his actions in Constantinople. He was supported by other Foreign Office officials, including former Foreign Secretary Edward Grey. They argued that the Foreign Office was fully aware of the pro-German course of the Porte, but intended to delay the state of war with her as far as possible in order to prepare for the defense of Egypt, the Suez Canal and India. These circumstances led to the accommodating position of British diplomacy. The characteristics of both Mallet himself and the grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire, Said Helim, are separately analyzed from the point of view of historiography and their contemporaries. Also the importance of the defense of India and Egypt, its importance as a key factor in shaping the course of British diplomacy was researched. Finally, the work contains the author's interpretations and evaluations of the analyzed events
For the Anniversary of PhD in History, Associate Professor, a Member of Our Yearbook Editorial Board Lubica Harbuľová
Authors:   Prešovská univerzita v Prešove, Švorc Peter
Published: December 2022

The article covers the biography and scholarly activities of PhD in History, Associate Professor, a member of our yearbook editorial board Ľubica Harbuľová
The Model of Learning Profile “Diamond of Personality” to Develop the Learners Agency
Authors: Kushnir Mikhail E. , Rabinovich Pavel D. , Zavedensky Kirill E.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The implementation of the strategic priorities for the development of education in Russia, as well as the changing demands of interested participants in the educational process actualize questions about the performance of educational organizations, how to measure them, as well as modern education management practices. The use of only normative and criteria-based assessment does not allow achieving the key demanded educational result – the active behavior of the student, because requires different approaches to the organization of educational activities, the construction of collective-individual educational routes, the creation of opportunities for self-determination and self-realization for both students and teachers. The purpose of the article is to describe a model that reflects educational results as a personal potential for a number of parameters of different directions. Materials and Methods. Local and global practices (assessment, evaluation, target and value of learning) have been analyzed. Revealed trends and failures were used as base for new assessment model. Results. The authors researching a lot of evaluation models formulated a simple criterion for the applicability of assessment tools in the form of “the complexity of the tool should not exceed the interest in its results”. The proposed model claims to have a reasonable balance of complexity and informativeness: on the one hand, the structure of the parameters is multilevel, on the other hand, it is visualized like octahedron – a diamond crystal. The choice at each level is simple as dichotomy which allows it to be considered an indicator. It should be used as basis of digital learning profile. Discussion and Conclusion. The conclusions made by the authors contribute to the development of tools for assessing the educational result, focused on active educational behavior and using the digital environment for monitoring and accounting. The materials of the article can be useful to teachers and administrators who are interested not only in the traditional sign of compliance with the final tests, but also in the development of educational subjectivity that supports and develops the activity of students.
Effect of turmeric extract and dimethyl sulfoxide on buffalo semen freezability and fertility
Authors: El-Sheshtawy R. I.
Published: December 2022

The freeze-thaw process results in structural and functional damages caused by overaccumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Addition of antioxidants to semen extenders is of a great importance to overcome this oxidative damage. The study objective was to evaluate the consequence of using Tris-citric acid fructose egg yolk (TCFY) extender supplemented with a combination of turmeric extract and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) [TTD] on sperm freezability and fertility. From five tubes (each containing 5 mL TCFY), the first tube contained neither turmeric extract nor DMSO and was kept as control. The other four tubes contained 1.5% DMSO plus 100 µL/5 mL, 200 µL/5 mL, 300 µL/5 mL and 400 µL/5 mL turmeric extract. Semen samples were pooled and extended to reach an application of 60×106 sperm/mL (TT1D to TT4D, respectively). Diluted semen was exposed to the freezing protocol. The post cooling results revealed significant improvement in percent of alive spermatozoa in TT1D, significant decrease in sperm abnormalities in all concentrations used, significant improvement in intact acrosome percentage in TT1D, TT2D and TT4D. The post thawing results exhibited significant improvement in sperm motility in TT1D, TT2D and TT4D; significant amelioration of sperm membrane integrity (HOST) in TT1D, TT2D, TT3D and TT4D. Acrosome integrity was maintained in all concentrations as in the control. It was concluded that TT1D revealed the best semen quality in cooled semen; and TT1D, TT2D exhibited the superior post thawing semen quality. In addition, conception rate (CR) of the post-thawed semen was ameliorated in TT1D, TT2D, TT3D and TT4D with TT1D being the best one with this regard.
Aśvaghoṣa Between Gandhara and Kucha: The Śāriputraprakaraṇa and Its Narrative Expression in a Forgotten Slab from Mount Karamar
Authors: Schulz Robert
Published: December 2022

The article suggests identifying two scenes on a Gandhara slab from Karamar with plays written by Aśvaghoṣa. One, preserved in the Berlin Turfan collection, is among the oldest known Indian theatre plays (Śāriputraprakaraṇa) focusing on the conversion of Śāriputra and Maudgalyāyana, two of the most important Buddhist monks certainly belonging to the 2nd century. The second scene shows the conversion of Nanda, the half-brother of the Buddha as described in the Saundarananda attributed to the same author. Attempts shall be made to identify the art historical templates and at the same time to trace its subtle iconography.
Two Old Uyghur Fragments of the Research Department of Dunhuang Academy, China
Authors: Zhang Tieshan , Zieme Peter
Published: December 2022

In this paper we would like to introduce two newly identified Old Uyghur fragments kept in the Research Department of Dunhuang Academy, China. The first one (D0913) is a small fragment which we identified as part of another copy of the Ci’en zhuan 慈恩轉, namely of a colophon to the 4th book of the Old Uyghur translation. The second one (D0623) written on the verso side of a Chinese Buddhist scroll of T. 643 is an Old Uyghur poem which can be compared to the Ratnasūrya avadāna.
Omotic Lexicon in Its Afro-Asiatic Setting V: Addenda to Omotic *b-
Authors: Takács Gábor
Published: December 2022

The paper constitutes part of a long-range series aiming, step by step, to identify the Afro-Asiatic heritage in the etymologically little explored lexicon of Omotic (West Ethiopia), a branch displaying the least of Afro-Asiatic traits among the six branches of this ancient macrofamily.
A Study on the Verb ‘to marry’ in Khitan Scripts
Authors: Bai Yuanming
Published: December 2022

By sorting and comparing 18 verb forms in Khitan Small Script and 7 verb forms in Khitan Large Script that denote ‘to marry, to be given as wife’, the current study deals with the relation between the Khitan Large Script and Khitan Small Script forms. Further, it analyzes problems connected with their orthography, morphological and grammatical structure, with the grammatical cases governed by the verb and considers possible etymologies of the verbal stem.
The Influence of health education about covid-19 on posbindu participants' knowledge levels at Puskesmas Gesi
Authors: Nurhidayati Tri , Sari Septi Rininta , Soesanto Edy , Setyawati Dewi
Published: December 2022

Background: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) virus. This disease is transmitted from human to human, where most of (COVID-19) infected people experience mild to moderate respiratory disease and recover without requiring special care. Health education is a top priority and is one of the effective nursing interventions to improve knowledge level and public awareness about the importance of correct understanding regarding COVID-19. The researcher was aimed to analyze knowledge level differences of Posbindu (Integrated guided care) participants in Puskesmas (Community Health Center) Gesi regarding COVID-19 disease before and after the implementation of health education.Methods: It was a queasy experimental quantitative research with a one-group pretest-post-test control design. There were 40 participants with ages ranging from 15 to 50 years old.Result: The Posbindu participants' knowledge level about Covid-19 before receiving health education was categorized as poor. Meanwhile, Posbindu participants' knowledge level about Covid-19 before receiving health education was average. The Independent Sample T-Test showed that the sig. (2-tailed) value was 0.009 <0.05, then Ho was rejected, and Ha was accepted. Therefore, it could be concluded that there are differences in Posbindu participants' knowledge level before and after being given the health education about Covid-19 in Puskesmas Gesi.Conclusion: The health education given in Puskesmas Gesi affects Posbindu participants' knowledge level about Covid-19. It is hoped that the public health center regularly puts more consent to increase the community's knowledge about COVID-19.
A 5-year-old child with hemolytic anemia caused by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: a case report
Authors: Susyanto Bambang Edi , Puspita Gina , Suryanto Suryanto
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme that plays an essential role in the human body cell. It is found in the cytoplasm of cells and functions to prevent cellular damage from reactive oxygen species. G6PD deficiency can be highly variable in its clinical presentation. It can cause acute or chronic hemolytic anemia and hyperbilirubinemia. Severe hemolytic can cause mortality in children. So, it is crucial to be aware during the diagnosis of hemolytic anemia at any age. The hemolytic occurred is usually precipitated by exposure to medication or intake of fava bean. This report is aimed to describe the diagnosis and treatment of a child who appears with acute hemolytic anemia due to favism.Case description: A 5-year-old boy came to the emergency department with a chief complaint of pale and fatigue since a day before admission in PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital. No family history of hemolytic anemia or parental consanguinity. He appeared icteric and with severe anemia. We found that he consumed fava beans twelve hours prior to the onset of the symptoms was reported. The laboratory findings were as follows: Hb 4.9 g/dl, total bilirubin 6.17 mg/dl, indirect bilirubin 5.49 mg/dl and a negative Coomb’s test result then obtained. The patient then is transfused with PRC, and the level of Hb became 9.2 g/dl and total bilirubin 0.2 mg/dl. The blood smear result was met hemolytic anemia and bacterial infection. The level of G6PD result obtained four days after was low, 7.5 U/gr Hb (10.0-14.2).Conclusion: The severe hemolytic anemia in the patient was proven caused by G6PD deficiency.
Caring behavior: a qualitative exploration of nurses' perception in a caring patient with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Kristinawati Beti , Nurachmah Elly , Yulia Yulia
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and the care environment affect the patient's physical, psychological, and social condition. Caring applications in the nursing process can increase positive change and build trust and satisfaction in patients and families. This study aims to get an overview of the application of caring in AMI patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) from perceptive nurses.Methods: The descriptive qualitative design was selected to obtain in-depth information with face-to-face interviews with twelve nurses. Participatory involvement in the research was selected using purposive. Data analysis is manually done with Collaizi's Content Analysis. Triangulation, member checking, and peer debriefing have increased data crawling. Before and during the data retrieval process, the ethics of the researchers are appliedResults: Data analysis produces three themes that can answer research objectives. The themes formed can describe the caring behavior of nurses in critical units caring for AMI patients.Conclusion: Nurse care is an interpersonal process with professional knowledge and skills that can result in protection, emotional support, and fulfillment of the bio-psycho-social needs of patients. This study's perception and application of nursing care for AMI patients are with the spirit of caring and implementing instrumental caring. Unfortunately, there are still obstacles in applying nurse care to AMI patients.
The influence of parenting style and mother's mental health from mental health in children who have siblings with autism
Authors: Rosa Elsye Maria , Putri Rizkiana , Ismail Djauhar , Haksari Ekawaty Lutfia
Published: December 2022

Background: Mental health is a good emotional and psychological state. Globally 10-20% of children and adolescents experience mental health disorders. Risk factors for mental health problems in children are the mental and physical health of poor/poor parents, problems in childcare and lack of support from neighbors/ neighborhoods. Children who have autism are prone to mental problems.Objective: know the influence of parenting and maternal mental health on the mental health of children who have autismMethods : The study used a mixed, cross-sectional method to find out the relationship of free variables and bound variables and qualitative secondary data analysis. The analyses used are chi square and multiple linear regressions. The respondents in this study numbered 35 people.Results: Maternal parenting does not affect a child's mental health, while the mother's mental health significantly affects the child's mental health. Maternal acceptance is influenced by family support, professional, and family autism networks. Coping mechanisms that mothers apply are positive thinking, understanding children, and activities with children.Conclussion: The child's mental health condition is affected by the mother's mental health, but simultaneously the mother's parenting also affects the child's mental health. Early treatment in mothers who have mental health problems can reduce the risk of children experiencing mental health problems, so the negative impact on the child can be reduced.
Exercises to escalate lower extremity muscle strength in stroke patients: a scoping review
Authors: Mewo Vonny Yessy , Chayati Nur
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Stroke sufferers with weakness and paralysis of the lower extremities are at risk of experiencing balance disorders. It causes the risk of falling for stroke sufferers. The effects of falls can result in physical injuries such as bruises, abrasions, lacerations, and even fractures, head injuries, and bleeding. The effects of falling cause physical injury and increase the longer treatment time, so that it adds to the burden on the patient and family to pay for patient care. This literature review aims to identify the types of interventions that can increase the strength of the muscle' lower extremity to prevent falls in stroke sufferers.Method: This study used JBI Scoping Review Method  (Joanna Briggs Institute) from 2 database sources: Pubmed and Ebscohost. Publication 2015-2021. Keywords to search are stroke, fall risk, intervention, body balance, muscle strength.Results: There were 1,446 articles found, and six articles were worthy of review. The interventions used are training motor imagery (MI) using structured, progressive circuit class therapy (SPCCT), taping techniques from gluteal taping and hip abductor taping using elastic bands, rehabilitation programs wearing regent suits (RS) based on electromyography (EMG), low-intensity mobility training, perturbation-based balance training (PBT) and a combined assessment of the weight-bearing ratio and the four square step test. The combination of MI with structured, SPCCT provides a greater therapeutic effect on gait and leg muscle strength in stroke patients. Gluteal taping and hip abductor taping techniques using elastic bands improve functional performance in individuals with chronic stroke. A rehabilitation program that wears an RS and EMG were more effective than usual treatment in increasing the EMG pattern during movement and activities of daily living. A PBT can help prevent falls in everyday life after stroke, and the weight-bearing ratio and four square step tests can predict falls in stroke patients more precisely than the berg balance scale.Conclusion: In conclusion, the exercises, techniques and programs performed can increase lower extremity muscle strength, improve walking balance and reduce the risk of falls in stroke patients. These interventions require different times and tools according to the training carried out.
Correlation between radiographic and histopathological findings of conventional osteosarcoma subtypes: osteoblastic, chondroblastic, and fibroblastic
Authors: Martadiani Elysanti Dwi , Asih Made Widhi , Sumadi I Wayan Juli , Putra I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka , Suastari Ni Made Putri , Martani Indira Prawita , Asih Krista Putri
Published: December 2022

Background: Osteosarcoma is a connective tissue malignancy producing osteoid and some cartilaginous and fibrous matrix. It provides a challenging diagnostic approach since it is considered as a great mimicker in radiography and histopathology appearance. Triple diagnostic approach is mandatory, involving the clinical, radiologic and histopathologic aspect of all cases suspected. This study aimed to discover the correlation between radiographic and histopathological findings of fibroblastic, chondroblastic and osteoblastic subtypes of conventional osteosarcoma. Methods: This study implemented a cross-sectional study design. Components of radiographic findings of conventional osteosarcoma were bone destruction, transitional zone, periosteal reaction, matrix of calcification, skip lesion and soft tissue mass which were analyzed and correlated with its histopathological subtype. Statistical analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation test with p-value < 0.05.Results: Significant negative correlation was obtained between chondroid matrix calcification and histopathology description of conventional osteosarcoma with osteoblastic subtype (r = -0.383; p < 0.05) and negative correlation between osteoid matrix and histopathologic analysis of fibroblastic subtype (r = -0.435; p < 0.05). All of the radiographic components of the chondroblastic subtype did not show significant correlation with their histopathological findings.Conclusion: Chondroid matrix finding in radiography showed negative correlation with histopathologic evaluation of osteoblastic subtype while osteoid matrix description in radiography had negative correlation with histopathologic analysis of fibroblastic subtype.
Overview of wound assay methods extract ethanol leaves soursop (annona muricata) on widr colon cancer cells
Authors: Astuti Yoni , Priambodo Wahyu Joko , Rahmah  , Septiyana Dara Ayu
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Soursop leaves have various contents of alkaloid, flavonoid, and acetogenin compounds. Soursop ethanol extract leaves (Annona muricata) showed many beneficialsas antivirus, anti-hyperglycemic, anticancer, etc. As anticancer showed with cytotoxicity insome cancer cell line.But there was no research about wound assay in Widr colon cancercell line as a model of colon cancer diseases. This research carried out to explore theoverviewofwoundassaymethodofsoursopethanolextractleavesininhibitingmigrationofWiDrcoloncancercells.
Methods: The series of studies included extra ethanol cytotoxic tests of soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) on WiDr colon cancer cells usingMTT to assess cell viability and antimigration testing using the scratch wound healingassay method to assess the presentation of closure of WiDr colon cancer cell migration.
Results: Cytotoxic test of soursop ethanol extract leaves (Annona muricata L.) on WiDr colon cancer cells obtained IC50 values of 905.77 µg/ml and the cell antimigration test at 24 hours obtained the greatest migration inhibition, namely soursop ethanol extract leaves (Annona muricata L.) at a dose of ½ IC50 or equal to 452.85 µg/ml.
Conclusions: Soursop ethanol extract leaves (Annona muricata L.) has an effect on inhibiting migration of WiDr colon cancer cells so that it can be used instead of chemotherapy which can prevent and inhibit the growth of cancer cells.
Pressure-relieving devices to prevent pressure injury in bedridden patients: a literature review
Authors: Anita Fitri , Chayati Nur , Wantonoro Wantonoro
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Immobility is a factor directly related to pressure injury, that could progress to osteomyelitis, sepsis, decreased the quality of life and increased care costs. Therefore, this study is intended to review primary studies related to using the most effective device to prevent pressure injury in immobile patients, the duration for applying the device and tools for assessing pressure injury risk.Method: This literature review was sourced from PubMed, ProQuest, and Willey Online Library databases. Studies that met the following criteria were included; experimental research using assistive devices as an intervention to prevent and assess pressure injury, published between 2014 and 2020, and the full-text article was available in English. Result: The total number of articles found was 6,029 articles. Seven articles met the criteria for inclusion in the review. Assistive devices proven to prevent pressure injury included air mattresses, dressings/pads, and wheelchairs equipped with pillows/cushions. The duration of assistive devices was varied from minutes to weeks and assessment for pressure injury mostly used the Braden scale. Air mattresses were the most effective device to prevent pressure injury, with a press time of fewer than 10 minutes. Air mattresses were recommended devices in order to prevent pressure injury for immobile patients in clinical and community practices. In addition, developing air mattresses with advanced technologies is recommended for future work.Conclusion: The widely used assistive devices to prevent pressure injury were air mattresses or viscoelastic foam mattresses made of silicone. Mattress usage time ranged from 5-7 minutes, while dressings usage could be up to four weeks. The Braden Scale was the leading choice for measuring pressure injury in bedridden patients.
Factors affecting medication adherence in hypertension patients: A literature review
Authors: Soesanto Edy , Ramadlan Indra , Setyawati Dewi , Aisah Siti , Pawestri Pawestri
Published: December 2022

Controlling blood pressure carried out by hypertensive patients is still less than 50%. It is related to the consumption of antihypertensive drugs. Adherence to medication is a critical factor in achieving blood pressure for resistant hypertension, but lifestyle modifications may be necessary to treat milder forms of hypertension. There are several factors that affect the anti-hypertensive medication adherence needs to be known. This study aims to analyze the findings regarding the factors that influence medication adherence in Hypertension sufferers. A literature review is done by looking for literature related to the theme taken. The databases used in the preparation of literature reviews are obtained from databases such as ProQuest, PubMed, EBSCO, and Google scholar. Search focuses on titles, keywords and articles that are appropriate in journals that have been determined from 2011-2021. Keywords used in the search for factor articles, adherence to taking medication and hypertension. The search results found 6 articles that had been selected based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the review results, drug compliance plays an essential role in the long-term treatment of hypertension and can reduce the risk of complications. The finding of 11 factors influences medication adherence to Hypertension sufferers, including the level of knowledge, the role of health workers, motivation, family-friends support, attendance at the clinic, age, employment status, education level, belief, gender, and duration of suffering from Hypertension. Adherence to taking medication was measured by taking antihypertensive drugs in individuals, dietary behaviour, exercise, participation in posbindu/prolanis, and visits to health services for routine control. Compliance with drug use plays a vital role in the long-term treatment of hypertension to reduce the risk of complications The findings of 11 factors that influence medication adherence in patients with hypertension can be used as benchmarks for nurses to improve health services further to achieve optimal recovery.
Parenting practices and sexual behavior of early urban adolescent: a cross sectional study
Authors: Sumaryani Sri , Sari Dwi Liyan , Gunadi Agus , Prihatiningsih Titi Savitri , Haryanti Fitri
Published: December 2022

Background: There is a scientific prejudice related to the impact of parenting practices on early adolescents' sexual behavior in Indonesia. The missing aspects of parental get into mischief or risky sexual behavior among youth while sexual education itself is considered taboo in urban areas. This study intended to investigate the correlative pattern between parenting practices toward sexual behavior of early adolescents.Methods: This quantitative, cross-sectional-analytical study enrolled 290 early adolescents aged 10-14 years in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from May-June 2021. A validated and reliable questionnaire of 30 questions was used to get the Parenting Practice (Permissive, Authoritarian, Democratic) from the adolescent's perspective. The sexual behavior was collected using 37 questions to categorize the adolescents into Risky, Medium Risk and Non-Risky. The correlative analysis was used to determine the significance (p<0.05), strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables.Result: It was reported that 184 (63.4%) adolescents had a democratic parenting practice and non-risky sexual behavior. Significant correlation was found (p=<0.001; r=0.978) and strength of correlation (r) was considered strong. A positive correlation was obtained to show that the Democratic Parenting Practice aligns with Non-Risky sexual behavior among early adolescents.Conclusion: Significant findings of this study lead to a general description that democratic parenting practice applied in early adolescents could lead to non-risky sexual behavior. Further study that involves another stage of adolescence (middle adolescence and late adolescence/young adulthood) is required.
The effect of antihypertensive monotherapy and combination on blood pressure in stroke patients
Authors: Yunita Ema Pristi , Mayana Saffana Qolby , Afif Zamroni
Published: December 2022

Background: Stroke is a syndrome characterized by loss of focal and function of the rapidly developing CNS. Furthermore, hypertension is a known risk factor that occurs approximately 70% of the time, and lowering systolic BP from 1 to 3 mmHg effectively reduces the risk of stroke by 20 to 30%.
Methods: An observational analytic design, using a retrospective medical record data collection in Malang City Hospital. A total of 113 patients met the inclusion criteria. In addition, the inclusion criteria include hospitalized patients with a primary diagnosis of stroke, ischemia or bleeding as evidenced by a head CT scan, having comorbid hypertension, and having received antihypertensive therapy. Meanwhile, the exclusion criteria were the BP data of the patient measured only once.
Results: The results showed the ability of antihypertensive monotherapy and combinations to lower systolic BP by 33.62 ± 30.15 mmHg and 30.50 ± 29.47 mmHg (p = 0.744) in ischemic patients. In comparison, diastolic BP decreased by 6.86 ± 13.18 mmHg and 11.50 ± 16.26 mmHg (0.291), respectively. Moreover, the administration in bleeding stroke patients resulted in a decrease to 16.95 ± 17.89 mmHg and 22.82 ± 23.91 mmHg, (p = 0.029) for systolic, and 8.63 ± 14.63 mmHg and 8.71 ± 17.17 mmHg (p = 0.647) for diastolic BP, respectively. Furthermore, a combination of 4 antihypertensives drugs showed a better decrease in systolic BP in both patients (44.50 ± 21.63) compared to monotherapy, and a mixture of 2 as well as three drugs, by 27.02±27.05, 25.65 ± 29.97, and 25.37 ± 25.08 (p = 0.027), respectively.
Conclusions: Combination therapy is recommended in stroke patients because BP can be better controlled.