bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does the Ethno-Physics-based Problem Based Learning Model Improve Students' 21st Century Thinking Skills? Meta-analysis
Authors: Septyan Adwitya Rezky , Kuswanto Heru
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of ethno-physics-based project-based learning model to improve students' 21st century thinking skills.  Inclusion criteria in this study are research published in 2022-2024, research must be experimental or quasi-experimental methods, research obtained through Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Wiley, ERIC, ProQuest, Fronteins and Web of Science databases, research must be relevant and consist of 1229 students. Data analysis in this meta-analysis with the help of JSAP application. The analysis of 24 studies concluded that the resulting random effect size value was 1.05 (high effect size category) with 95% confidence level.  This finding explains that the ethno-physics-based project-based learning model can improve students' 21st century thinking skills. This research can also provide new information related to the application of problem-based learning model in the future.
A construção histórica do instituto da cidadania, seus pontos conflitivos e a interface na formação cidadã no processo escolar brasileiro
Authors: Néo André Furtado
Published: February 2025

Investiga-se como a evolução histórica e jurídica do conceito de cidadania apresenta reflexos nos tempos atuais, especialmente na realidade brasileira. Para isso, faz-se uma análise do percurso evolutivo da cidadania e seus reflexos modernos para o Estado Nacional, impactando a educação brasileira e mundial para uma formação de cidadania global, mesmo diante de um cenário brasileiro de desafios e dificuldades para implantação desse ensino que contribua para a convivência respeitosa dos vários aspectos das cidadanias. Para isso, utilizam-se, como metodologia, de pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica por meio da análise de livros, artigos jurídicos, documentos nacionais e internacionais. A pesquisa é pura com finalidade descritiva e exploratória.
The role of health services regulation in healthcare delivery
Authors: Asamoah Daniel
Published: February 2025

Ethical standards for healthcare professionals are vital for promoting integrity and accountability within the healthcare workforce. The regulatory scope also includes cost control measures, data privacy, and security protocols, enhancing healthcare delivery efficiency and effectiveness. This study utilizes a comprehensive review of existing literature, regulatory guidelines, and empirical studies to evaluate regulation’s impact on healthcare delivery. The synthesis of diverse sources reveals the multifaceted impact of regulation on healthcare delivery. The analysis highlights the critical role of regulatory bodies in fostering continuous improvement initiatives, bolstering emergency preparedness, and promoting equitable access to care across diverse populations. Recognizing the extensive influence of health services regulation is crucial for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and stakeholders. Understanding these dynamics is essential for navigating the evolving landscape of healthcare delivery and ensuring optimal outcomes for patients and communities.
Vulgata e o Texto Primitivo dos Evangelhos
Authors: Ramos Lincoln
Published: February 2025

As traduções atuais dos Evangelhos, ainda que destinadas ao povo, não devem deixar de se beneficiar dos grandes progressos obtidos, nos últimos anos, pela crítica textual do Novo Testamento.
The mythical heterosexual charge of a lithium-ion battery
Authors: Silva Jaime A. Teixeira da
Published: February 2025

In a recent review paper related to energy storage, the authors noted that, in a bid to enhance the performance of the anode of a lithium-ion battery (LIB), that a part of the mechanism involved the ability of silicon (Si) and graphene oxide to bind, and that this process was aided by the ”mutual attraction of heterosexual charges” [1], a term or mechanism that was said to be derived from another paper [2]. A LIB, or any battery for that matter, does not have a bisexual, heterosexual or any sexual charge. It seems that this odd term and jargon neologism, or tortured phrase, was introduced as a result of mistranslation of an established term or jargon, ”opposite charges”. As such, it constitutes an error in need of correction. The wider implications for energy storage research such as LIBs, as well as for bibliometrics, are discussed.
Comparison of the anisotropic and isotropic macroscopic traffic flow models
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana, Fosu Gabriel Obed , Gogovi Gideon K. ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, USA, Asamoah Joshua K. ,   Department of Mathematics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
Published: February 2025

Second-order macroscopic vehicular traffic flow models are categorized under two broad headings based on the direction of their characteristics. Faster-than-vehicle waves are often called isotropic models vis-\'{a}-vis anisotropic models with slower-than-vehicle characteristic speed. The dispute on the supremacy among these families of models is the motivation for this paper. This paper compares and contrasts six distinctive second-order macroscopic models using a numerical simulation and analysis. Three models are characterized by faster-than-vehicle waves with their corresponding anisotropic counterparts. Simulation results on the formation of deceleration waves and the dissolution of acceleration fans are presented to graphically compare the wave profiles of the selected isotropic and anisotropic traffic models. Observably, these opposing models can all characterize these physical traffic phenomena to the same degree. Thus, faster characteristic speed conceptualization of second-order macroscopic equations does not tantamount to model failure but rather lies in the explanation of this property.
Spectral response of aluminium oxide and copper-doped zinc sulphide antireflection nanostructures for photovoltaic applications
Authors:   Department of Physics, School of Physical and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi-Kenya., Bwayo E. , Njoroge W. K. ,   Department of Physics, School of Physical and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi-Kenya., Okumu J. ,   Department of Physics, School of Physical and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi-Kenya., Mukiibi D. ,   Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala- Uganda.
Published: February 2025

The performance of an antireflection coating entirely depends on the proportion of light energy transmitted or reflected by the coating material. To enhance the transmittance of an antireflection coating, evaluation of the amount of the light energy transmitted to generate charge carriers is very critical. Thus, in this paper, we demonstrate the effect of sputtering power and gas flow rate on the optical transmittance of aluminium oxide (Al\(_{2}\)O\(_{3}\)) and copper-doped zinc sulphide (ZnS:Cu) antireflection nanostructures. To this end, radiofrequency sputtering was used for the deposition of ZnS:Cu, using the ZnS:Cu target (94/6.0%) using argon (99.9% pure), and direct current sputtering was used for the deposition of Al\(_{2}\)O\(_{3}\) using the aluminium target (99.99% purity) and oxygen (99.9% pure). The gas flow rates of 40 to 100 sccm were used. The sputtering power values of 70 W to 140 W were used at a low process pressure of \(6.5 \times 10^{-3}\). The transmittance was observed to decrease with an increase in sputter power and deposition time. However, the transmittance of single-layer nanofilms was lower than that of the double-layer nanostructures. For photovoltaic applications, the Al\(_{2}\)O\(_{3}\)/ZnS:Cu(112.1 nm) nanostructure exhibited the highest transmittance of 96.9% at \(\lambda=780\) nm. The reflectance of the nanostructures increased with an increase in coating time and sputtering power, with the lowest value of 3.03% recorded at 360 nm. The nanostructures are crystalline, smooth, and dense but the crystallite sizes decreased from 0.02508 to 0.02071 \(\text{\AA}\) with an increase in gas flow rate. This decrease in crystallinity was due to the reduced adatom migration on the substrate. The optimal gas flow rate was 100 sccm, in which the Al\(_{2}\)O\(_{3}\)/ZnS:Cu(117 nm) had the highest transmittance of 97.7% at \(\lambda=741\) nm. The results demonstrate the potential use of Al\(_{2}\)O\(_{3}\)/ZnS:Cu nanostructures as antireflection materials for photovoltaic solar cells.
A blended numerical procedure for quadratic riccati differential equations utilizing ramadan group transform and variations of adomian decomposition
Authors:   Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt., Ramadan M. A. , Mansour M.M. A. ,   Department of basic science, Modern Academy of Computer Science and Management Technology in Maadi, Egypt., El-Shazly N. M. ,   Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt., Osheba H. S. ,   Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt.
Published: February 2025

To solve the approximate analytic solutions of the quadratic Riccati differential equations, this study introduces a hybrid method that combines an accelerated variant of the Adomian decomposition method (AADM) proposed by I. El-Kalla with the Ramadan Group transform (RGT). This hybrid technique produces accurate and dependable results, outperforming the regular Adomian decomposition method (RADM) and the Newton- Raphson version of Adomian polynomials in terms of accuracy. Three examples are provided here to demonstrate good accuracy and fast convergence when compared to the exact solution and other recent analytical methods using Shifted Chebyshev polynomials, Variation of Parameters Method (VPM), Bezier polynomials, homotopy analysis method (HAM), and Newton – Raphson based modified Laplace Adomian decomposition method.
Mechanisms and Paths for Realizing the Value of Karst Ecological Products in Hebei Province
Authors: Fu Yue , Xiong Kangning , Yan Jiawang , Zhang Yu
Published: February 2025

The northern karst region is an important area for the implementation of China's sustainable development strategy, and at the same time, it is also an area with extremely fragile ecological environment and concentrated distribution of soil erosion, but the research on the mechanisms and paths of realizing the value of ecological products in the northern karst region has been less involved. Taking the Zunhua study area in Hebei and the Wolf Tooth Mountain study area as an example, we constructed an ecological product value accounting index system based on different types of ecosystems and quantitatively analyzed the GEP of the two study areas. The results show that the GEP of Zunhua study area in Hebei Province in 2022 is 76.575 million yuan, of which the value of regulating services is the highest, accounting for 93.89 % of the total value of GEP; the value of cultural services is the lowest, accounting for 0.41 % of the total value of GEP; and the value of material services accounts for 5.70 % of the total value of GEP. In 2022, the GEP of the Langyashan Study Area in Hebei Province was 122,408,000 yuan, with the highest value of regulating services, accounting for 89 % of the total value of the GEP; the lowest value of material goods, accounting for 1 % of the total value of the GEP; and the value of cultural services, which accounted for 10 % of the GEP. suggests that the regulating services provided by ecosystems in the two study areas contribute the most to human well-being and are the most significant components of the GEP. And closely around the karst ecological products value accounting, value realization mechanism and path of basic cutting-edge research for the whole chain design, integrated deployment, module to promote systematic research, for the northern karst ecological restoration areas and ecological protection areas to practice the theory of the “two mountains”, to promote the formation and optimization of the ecological industry, and to promote the revitalization of the countryside to provide scientific references. Scientific reference.
Landscape Planning and Design in High-Density Cities of China: Challenges, Strategies, and International Insights
Authors: Jianan Meng
Published: February 2025

High-density cities, emerging as primary hubs for human activities and products of intensified population-land dynamics, are confronting a series of ecological challenges in China, including land scarcity, urban heat island effects, and fragmented green spaces. These issues exacerbate the vulnerability of urban ecosystems through negative feedback loops. By analyzing Singapore’s transformative experience from a "Garden City" to a "City in Nature", this study systematically summarizes its ecological planning strategies, technological innovation pathways, and social governance models. Integrating China’s practical challenges—such as land constraints, heat island effects, and ecological fragmentation—this research proposes a localized implementation framework of "networked ecological restoration, three-dimensional spatial development, and smart collaborative governance," offering theoretical and practical references for the development of "Park Cities." Local practices in China, exemplified by the Qianhai case in Shenzhen, demonstrate the feasibility of Singapore’s experience through cross-regional ecological corridors, climate-resilient vertical greening, and intelligent management platforms. However, high technical costs, administrative barriers, and the lack of long-term governance mechanisms remain critical challenges. Future efforts should prioritize policy innovation, technology adaptation, and social co-governance to shift high-density cities from "quantitative greening" to "function-first" ecological transformation, fostering synergy between ecological and economic development.
Intelligent resource allocation in multi-cloud environments using deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Channappa A
Published: February 2025

The proliferation of multi-cloud environments has introduced complexities in resource management, necessitating intelligent solutions for optimal resource allocation. Traditional resource allocation techniques often struggle to adapt to the dynamic nature of multi-cloud ecosystems, leading to suboptimal performance, increased costs, and inefficient resource utilization. This paper explores the application of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) as an advanced AI-driven approach to optimize resource distribution across multiple cloud platforms. By leveraging reinforcement learning techniques, DRL enables autonomous decision-making, learning from past experiences to refine resource allocation strategies in real-time. The proposed framework is designed to handle diverse workloads, minimize latency, and maximize cost-efficiency. Additionally, the study evaluates key performance metrics, including throughput, response time, and adaptability, comparing DRL-based approaches with traditional methods. Experimental results indicate that DRL significantly improves efficiency, scalability, and adaptability in dynamic cloud environments, paving the way for intelligent and automated cloud resource management.
Hypoxemic pneumonia revealing Mounier-Kuhn syndrome: A case report
Authors: Lamia Chakib  , Oussama Fikri  , Mohamed Ijim  , Lamyae Amro
Published: February 2025

Mounier-Kuhn syndrome, or tracheobronchomegaly (TBM), is named after P. Mounier-Kuhn, who first described the condition in 1937 [1]. It is a rare disease with an origin that is still debated, whether congenital or acquired. The condition is characterized by a marked dilation of the trachea and proximal bronchi, resulting from thinning of the smooth muscle layer and atrophy or absence of elastic fibers. TBM is significantly more common in men [2]. The average age at diagnosis ranges from 30 to 60 years [3]. Although the exact cause of TBM remains to be determined, smoking and environmental pollutants are considered exacerbating factors that lead to airway inflammation [3].

Chronic cough with sputum production, accompanied by recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, characterizes the clinical presentation [4]. The clinical signs are not very specific. The radiological diagnosis is often straightforward on chest X-ray and CT scan. It is based on the measurement of the diameter or surface area of the trachea and main bronchi. Imaging is also essential for assessing the impact on the lung parenchyma. There is no curative treatment available [5]. We present the case of a 48-year-old man who was admitted to our pulmonology department for the management of acute pneumonia. During clinical evaluation and supplementary tests, tracheal and main bronchial dilation were noted, leading to the fortuitous discovery of Mounier-Kuhn syndrome.
Utilization of social media in accessing agricultural information among poultry farmers in delta north agricultural zone, Nigeria: Implication for agricultural extension service delivery
Authors: Precious Omesiri Abushe  , Ezekiel Ovoh Eromedoghene  , Prosper Edoja  , Ufuoma Godstime Sorhue  , Rita Ifunaya Charlse
Published: February 2025

The study looked at how poultry producers in Delta North agricultural zone, Nigeria used social media to access agricultural information. 128 respondents were chosen by simple random sampling (poultry farmers). A standardized questionnaire and interview schedule were used to gather data. The information gathered included details about the socioeconomic traits of chicken producers, their usage of social media sites, and the barriers and enablers to their use of these platforms. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Of the respondents, 39.10% were women while the majority, 60.90%, are men. 43 years old was the average age that was noted approximately 59.17% of those surveyed. Household size, farm size, and monthly income were 7 persons, 2698 birds, and N162,500 respectively. Facebook, WhatsApp, and YouTube were shown to have significant levels of usage in the survey. Advertising, education, and the exchange of agricultural knowledge were the main drivers behind the use of social media. According to the hypothesis, there exists a significant association (p < 0.01) between the parameters that enable and restrict the use of social media and the usage level of poultry farmers. The main obstacles to social media use that were noted were high costs of data, inadequate power supply, and inadequate service from network providers. It was suggested that development organizations and Delta North agricultural extension service providers use social media to disseminate agricultural information and offer information that poultry farmers would find useful.
The effects of oral protein supplementation on nutritional status in malnourished hemodialysis patients. A retrospective study
Authors: Jadulluh Al-ghazo  , Reem Khalid Al-Saadi  , Noora Mohammed Aljaffali  , Anwar Mohd Qudaisat  , Reynald Jaenelle Manlungat  , Kaid Ahmad Kawaydeh  , Sibusiso Reuben Kutama  , Mohammad Ghassan Abdelbaset
Published: February 2025

Background: Malnutrition is common in chronic hemodialysis (CHD) patients due to lower dietary protein and energy intake than normal. Morbidity and mortality rates are unacceptably high in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and correlate with malnutrition status in these patients. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the nutritional effects of oral nutrition supplements (ONS) on various nutritional parameter outcomes in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients based on the hypothesis that daily provision of ONS would improve or prevent further deterioration of the nutrition status of MHD patients.

Methodology: For 34 patients who received ONS for two months, laboratory and anthropometric measurements were taken before the start of ONS intake and after two months of continuous consumption. Biochemical markers (albumin, ferritin, and uric acid), anthropometric measurement, body mass index (BMI), dry weight (DW), and inter-dialysis weight changes were statistically analyzed using SPSS software and paired-t test was used for comparison the changes in these values.

Result: After the provision of ONS during hemodialysis there was a significant increase in serum albumin concentration from 30.6 (± 3.5) gm/L at baseline to 31.9 (± 4.1) gm/L after 2 months (P = 0.038) and inter dialysis weight change from 2.2 (± 0.91) kg at baseline to 2.6 (± 1.2) kg (P = 0.033). The other biochemical markers such as ferritin, uric acid, and anthropometric measurements (Body Mass Index (BMI) and dry weight) had no significant changes during the study.

Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings suggest that the treatment strategy of providing ONS could be an effective therapy for malnourished patients in MHD and might have a beneficial effect against muscle loss due to catabolism during hemodialysis (HD) treatment.
The Role of AI and blockchain in combating academic fraud
Authors: Ayomide Arowolo-Ayodeji
Published: February 2025

Educational fraud poses an enormous threat to universities across the globe by concurrently violating academic standards and diminishing educational qualifications. This research studied how AI together with blockchain technology works to reduce academic cheating among Nigerian institutions with particular attention on the University of Ibadan and the University of Abuja. The research technique combined qualitative methods with quantitative approaches to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. Students alongside faculty members and administrators and developers of AI/blockchain solutions received Google Form surveys about their opinions regarding the use of these technologies to maintain academic integrity. The research discovered that plagiarism in connection with dishonest examination conduct represents the principal methods students use to cheat in their studies. The implementation of AI-powered plagiarism detection systems proved to be the most successful measure among other interventions and blockchain technology showed promise for secure credential authentication. The study utilized one-way ANOVA to show that blockchain feasibility received different responses from participants who served as administrators or faculty members and those who already understood AI and blockchain systems. The study discovered three main barriers affecting the implementation of these technologies to curb academic fraud; they included: expensive solutions implementation along with shortage of technical skills and opposition from organizational members. The research concluded that AI and blockchain technologies have profound potentials for academic fraud prevention but institutions struggle to use them due to expense limitations and poor infrastructure. Greater implementation of blockchain in universities requires official investment in digital training and subsidized technology purchases and regulatory standards for integration. Future research must examine how these technologies can be applied to various educational settings worldwide for establishing international optimal practices.
Assessing the Role of Bi- and Multi-Parametric MRI in Prostate Cancer-A Regional Study
Authors: Ali Asghar Abdul Lateef , Awn Anas K. , Ali Ban Hussein , Fadhil Nawras Khairi , Yasin Youssef Shakuri
Published: February 2025

Prostate MRI is a key diagnostic tool for prostate cancer (PCa), with current guidelines recommending multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI), which includes T2-weighted (T2W), diffusion-weighted (DWI), and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging. However, biparametric MRI (bpMRI), which omits DCE, is suggested to reduce scan time, cost, and potential contrast-related side effects. Limited research exists comparing bpMRI’s efficacy against mpMRI for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (CsPCa) using the Prostate Imaging and Reporting Data System (PI-RADS v2.1).To compare the diagnostic performance of bpMRI and mpMRI for prostatic carcinoma and CsPCa detection. This study retrospectively evaluated 115 males over 40 years with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (≥15 ng/ml) who underwent mpMRI and had histopathological results. Two radiologists independently assessed suspected PCa lesions, assigning PI-RADS categories for bpMRI (report one) and mpMRI (report two). The reference standard was histopathological biopsy with Gleason scoring. Among 101 patients with suspected PCa, CsPCa was diagnosed in 45 cases using mpMRI, 39 with bpMRI, and 14 with DCE alone. The PI-RADS grading system showed strong agreement (kappa = 0.82) for bpMRI and near-perfect agreement (kappa = 0.912) for mpMRI. Sensitivity was slightly higher for mpMRI (98.4%) than bpMRI (96.7%) with (P < 0.001), while bpMRI demonstrated higher specificity (75.8% vs. 66.8%, P < 0.001) the detection rates of CsPCa for bpMRI and mpMRI were 51.50% and 53.40% respectively. The study concludes that bpMRI is non-inferior to mpMRI in CsPCa detection, making it a viable alternative while DCE remains valuable for PCa lesion detection.
Structural Validity of the Diagnostic Interview for Internet Addiction Scale for Clinical Samples in Korean Children and Adolescents: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Authors: Lee Mi-Sun , Choi Jung-Seok , Kweon Yong-Sil , Bhang Soo-Young
Published: February 2025

Objective This study aimed to validate the reliability and validity of the Diagnostic Interview for the Internet Addiction Scale (DIA) among Korean children and adolescents in the clinical setting.Methods We collected the clinical data from university hospitals in South Korea and 194 children and adolescents (aged 7–18 years) completed the questionnaire. The content validity was conducted on 10 items of the DIA and an internal consistency test was performed for the verification of reliability.Results Participants on average, aged 13.17 years (standard deviation=2.46), and 75.3% (n=146) were boys. The DIA was highly correlated with the scores of the Korean scale for Internet addiction for adolescents, Young’s Internet Addiction Test, Internet addiction proneness scale for children and adolescents. The overall sampling suitability of the 10-item scale was tested using the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin, resulting in a high value of 0.861. The DIA revealed a two-factor structure and the Cronbach’s alpha correlation coefficient for the total scale was 0.806. Confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable model fit (root-mean square error of approximation=0.058, comparative fit index=0.950, and Tucker-Lewis Index=0.919).Conclusion The DIA may suggest in-depth-scale examinations of the factors that influence Internet addiction. We may expect that DIA would be used efficiently for the diagnosing of Internet addiction and further studies for the assessment.
The use of various materials in the introduction of hydrogen isotopes into organic compounds without solvents
Authors:   National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Shevchenko V. P. , Nagaev I. Yu. ,   National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Myasoedov N. F. ,   National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”
Published: February 2025

Methods of introducing hydrogen isotopes into organic compounds without the use of solvents are described. Inorganic carriers, including nanomaterials, that are used to prepare reaction mixtures are given. The possibilities of a solid-phase method for introducing a deuterium or tritium label into organic compounds, including unsaturated and thermolabile compounds, are shown. The influence of reaction conditions on the yield and degree of inclusion of the hydrogen isotope into labeled preparations is considered. An attempt was made to explain the obtained data by the processes occurring in the system hydrogen isotope – catalyst – carrier – nature of the compound.
Número 59 (y números 58 y 57): a modo de presentación y balance
Authors: Ruiz Resa Josefa Dolores
Published: February 2025

El número que aquí se presenta constituye el 59 de la revista Anales de la Cátedra Francisco Suárez. Es también el tercero y último por el momento de los que he sido responsable como editora. Con estos números se ha tratado de ofrecer un recorrido por asuntos y problemas de actualidad a través de las reflexiones y análisis de investigadoras e investigadores del pensamiento jurídico nacional e internacional, lo que ha permitido reunir una amplia variedad de marcos teóricos, metodologías de conocimiento y aproximaciones a sistemas jurídicos específicos.
Detección de componentes electrónicos mediante el método de la bolsa de palabras visuales (BoVW)
Authors: Cortes-Aguilar Teth Azrael , Tovar-Arriaga Adriana
Published: February 2025

El problema de la gestión de residuos electrónicos es uno de los más apremiantes en la actualidad. Sin embargo, su gestión adecuada representa una oportunidad lucrativa debido a los diversos metales preciosos y tierras raras que contienen. La tarea de clasificar componentes electrónicos reciclados suele ser realizada por humanos, pero un sistema de visión por computadora y un método de inteligencia artificial como la bolsa de palabras visuales (BoVW) podrían mejorarla. Este artículo presenta el desarrollo de una interfaz gráfica de usuario que consta de dos etapas. En la primera etapa, se crea el conjunto de datos y se entrena el modelo BoVW. En la segunda etapa, se prueba el modelo BoVW con nuevas imágenes adquiridas en tiempo real. La eficiencia del modelo BoVW mejora al aumentar el número de datos utilizados en la etapa de entrenamiento. Se lograron métricas de exactitud en la clasificación del 97%, 94%, 93%, 92% y 89% con circuitos integrados DIP 8, TO-220, display, resistencias y capacitores respectivamente. Nuestros hallazgos indican que el método BoVW puede lograr predicciones precisas en la etapa de prueba con un número menor de imágenes en la etapa de entrenamiento que otros algoritmos de aprendizaje automático.
Evaluación y análisis visual de la postura corporal en pacientes con prótesis o dispositivos ortopédicos en los miembros inferiores
Authors: Gómez Mauricio , Alfaro Carlos Filiberto
Published: February 2025

La evaluación de la postura corporal para pacientes con órtesis o prótesis en las extremidades inferiores es una técnica importante en el campo de la rehabilitación y la medicina física que junto con los avances en la interacción que se tiene con un computador a través de la realidad aumentada (RA) y sus aplicaciones son cada vez más notables. Aplicando elementos de RA y utilizando un dispositivo de captura de movimiento, se ha desarrollado un sistema que presenta y almacena la postura corporal de pacientes que utilizan órtesis o prótesis y que permite la valoración de la postura a través de herramientas virtuales, para poder estipular el procedimiento más adecuado para su rehabilitación. Esto va a ayudar a los profesionales de la salud a comprender y analizar la forma en que los pacientes se posicionan y se mueven, lo que a su vez puede influir en el diseño y ajuste de las órtesis o prótesis, así como en el desarrollo de planes de tratamiento personalizados.
A Unified Framework for Multi-Scale Cosmic Structures: Dynamic Rigid Fractal Spacetime Manifold Theory
Authors: zhou changzheng , zhou ZIQING
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a theoretical framework based on dynamic fractal structures, inter?preting general relativity as a lower-order projection of fractal hierarchies under obser?vational resolution. By rigorously defining recursive generation rules, dynamic evolutionequations, and observational filters, it is demonstrated that the apparent continuity ofspacetime arises from the integral averaging effects of fractal structures. This frameworkestablishes, for the first time, an analytical relationship between the fractal dimensionD and the cosmological constant Λ in Einstein’s field equations. Numerical simulationsverify a positive correlation between the fractal entropy growth rate and the evolution ofcosmic structures. Observable effects predicted by the theory include a gravitational con?stant scaling correction (∆G/G ∼ 10−5) and power spectrum oscillations (k > 1 h/Mpc),providing new directions for testing with next-generation astronomical observations.
Comparing lower and higher variability multi-talker perceptual training
Authors: Nagle Charlie , Bruun Shelby , Zárate-Sández Germán
Published: February 2025

One of the main challenges individuals face when learning an additional language (L2) is learning its sound system, which includes learning to perceive L2 sounds accurately. High variability phonetic training (HVPT) is one method that has proven highly effective at helping individuals develop robust L2 perceptual categories, and recent meta-analytic work suggests that multi-talker training conditions provide a small but statistically reliable benefit compared to single-talker training. However, no study has compared lower and higher variability multi-talker conditions to determine how the number of talkers affects training outcomes, even though such information can shed additional light on how talker variability affects phonetic training. In this study, we randomly assigned 458 L2 Spanish learners to a two-talker or six-talker HVPT group or to a control group that did not receive HVPT. Training focused on L2 Spanish stops. We tested performance on trained talkers and words as well as several forms of generalization. The experimental groups improved more and demonstrated greater generalization than the control group, but neither experimental group outpaced the other. The number of sessions experimental participants completed moderated learning gains.
A Framework for Testing Theories of Criminal Decision-Making Using VR Scenarios and Process Tracing and its Application to Situational Action Theory
Authors: Herrmann Christoph
Published: February 2025

This article argues that process models of criminal decision-making require not only data capturing the inputs (person and setting characteristics) and outputs of a decision process (intention/action), but also data pertaining to the decision process itself. It further proposes a rigorous methodological framework, referred to as the virtual reality process tracing approach (VRPTA), which allows researchers to test predictions not only about what decisions people make but also about how they make them. It brings together the process tracing methodology used in the cognitive, social and behavioural sciences and combines it with experimental VR scenarios used in criminology. The result is a versatile methodological framework that utilises real-time decision-making by study participants immersed in experimentally manipulated VR environments, along with process tracing techniques that allow researchers to open the black box of decision-making. To make the contribution as tangible as possible, this article discusses the novel methodological approach by reference to its application in the context of Situational Action Theory’s (SAT) perception choice process (PCP). With some modification it may also be used for a range of other process-oriented theories in criminology and beyond.
Design, Construction, and Setup of Low-Speed Open Circuit Wind Tunnel
Authors: Dangi Hari Sharan , Basnet Dipendra , Shrestha Roman , Karki Utsav
Published: February 2025

The wind tunnel is an arrangement to simulate real aerodynamic parameters. An open circuit wind tunnel does not circulate the same fluid as working fluid rather uses environmental fluid circulated by a fan. This research paper documents the design, construction, and setup of a low-speed subsonic open wind tunnel at the National Innovation Center, Kirtipur. This wind tunnel produces a controlled stream of air to test the aerodynamic properties of objects or fluids. The wind tunnel developed at NIC is used for a variety of research activities related to the aerodynamics of different bodies such as testing of lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and pressure difference calculations on drones and rockets along with flow visualization in civil works signature bridges and high-rise buildings. Designed to be a general-purpose wind tunnel, it is the biggest of its kind in Nepal.
TECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT SAUCES FOR HEALTH PURPOSES
Authors: ANTONENKO АRTEM , BAL-PRYLYPKO LARISA
Published: February 2025

Among the wide range of culinary products, an important place is occupied by sauces, which have a high consumption quality. By combining products and sauces, you can expand the range of culinary products, regulate nutritional and biological value, caloric content, cost price, product price, and production profitability. In order to increase the biological and nutritional value, we investigated the possibility of developing the technology of fruit sauces based on vegetable hydrocolloids, calcium lactate, protein and fat additives. The most problematic issue in the technology of sauces is ensuring their colloid stability, which is determined, first of all, by the effectiveness of the structure-forming agents of low- or high-molecular substances and their complexes. Of particular interest are high-molecular structure-formers represented by proteins of plant origin and polysaccharides. Mathematical methods based on the physicochemical parameters of the chemical composition of sauces determined the rational ratio of protein and fat additives, dietary fibers Fibregum and Litesse, pectin and calcium lactate as 5:3:3:2:2. Analysis of the chemical composition of control and test samples of sauces shows an increase in protein content by 8.5 and 6 times, fats by 1.1 g, dietary fibers by 6.8 and 7.8 times compared to the control. The mineral composition improved by increasing the content of potassium by 95% and 155%, calcium by 33 and 21 times, magnesium by 3.8 times, phosphorus by 5.2 and 4.2 times, iron by 74% and 293%, respectively. The content of vitamins increased significantly: B1 – 6.7 and 7 times, B2 – by 76.5% and 167%, PP – 40% and 14 times, C – 40% and 17.5%, respectively. The developed quince and persimmon sauces have a better biological value, and in terms of organoleptic indicators, they are close to the control samples. Based on the physiological properties of the studied raw materials, the developed products can be recommended for inclusion in the diets of workers working in hazardous industries, people living in polluted areas and for all age groups of the population.
МЕТОД КЕРУВАННЯ ВОЛОГІСТЮ В КІБЕРФІЗИЧНІЙ СИСТЕМІ «РОЗУМНИЙ ДІМ»
Authors: АЛЕКСОВ СЕРГІЙ , ГОВОРУЩЕНКО ТЕТЯНА , ВОЙЧУР ЮРІЙ , БОЯРЧУК АРТЕМ
Published: February 2025

Найбільш важливим на сьогодні є забезпечення автоматичного керування «розумним будинком». «Розумний дім» – це комплекс рішень, що дають змогу автоматизувати повсякденні дії, позбавляючи власника від рутинних справ. «Розумний дім» – це не набір пристроїв, якими керують віддалено, це єдина система керування такими пристроями (екосистема), яка забезпечує конкретні переваги користувачу – наприклад, наочність контролю, зручність, економію сил і часу. Отже, кіберфізична екосистема «Розумний дім» має без участі людини виконувати певні дії у відповідь на конкретні ситуації. При цьому така кіберфізична система не повинна вимагати від мешканців глибоких знань з програмування та комп’ютерної інженерії, а також повинна вміти розпізнавати ситуації і приймати необхідні рішення в залежності від тієї чи іншої ситуації.
Відтак наразі актуальною задачею є забезпечення можливості автоматичної підтримки прийняття рішень у кіберфізичній системі «Розумний будинок».
 Проведене дослідження відомих методів та засобів показало, що наявні рішення, як правило, не передбачають повністю автоматичного керування вологістю в «Розумному домі», а орієнтовані або на повністю кероване користувачем управління, або на автоматичне керування поруч із ручним керуванням (за допомогою мобільного застосунку, управління через Інтернет, тощо). Тому метою даного дослідження є підтримка прийняття рішень у підсистемі керування вологістю кіберфізичної системи «Розумний дім» з метою забезпечення повністю автоматичного керування такою підсистемою.
Розроблений метод керування вологістю в кіберфізичній системі «Розумний дім» дозволяє внести необхідні параметри для подальшого автоматичного функціювання підсистеми керування вологістю у житлових приміщеннях різного типу.
Розроблений метод керування вологістю в кіберфізичній системі «Розумний дім» забезпечує комфортну (з врахуванням будівельних та санітарно-гігієнічних норм) концентрацію вологи в повітряному середовищі відповідного житлового приміщення.
ПОБУДОВА НЕЧІТКОЇ МАТЕМАТИЧНОЇ МОДЕЛІ У ДОДАТКУ FUZZY LOGIC DESIGNER
Authors: ШАРКАДІ МАРІАННА , МЛАВЕЦЬ ЮРІЙ
Published: February 2025

Сучасні інформаційні технології відкривають багато нових можливостей як у повсякденному житті, так і в науці. Сучасні інформаційні технології також необхідні для математичного моделювання. Дана стаття присвячена дослідженню використання одного з найпоширеніших математичних програмних пакетів Matlab. До складу програмного пакету Matlab входить декілька додатків, зокрема, додаток Fuzzy Logic Designer. Продемонстровано використання програми Fuzzy Logic Designer при побудові нечіткої математичної моделі. Також розглядаються алгоритми нечіткого виведення, що реалізовані в програмі, функції належності, які можна використовувати, метод побудови бази знань і методи дефазифікації.
СИСТЕМА ВИЯВЛЕННЯ АНОМАЛІЙ У DNS-ЗАПИТАХ
Authors: КЛЬОЦ ЮРІЙ , МОСТОВИЙ СЕРГІЙ , СІКОРСЬКИЙ ПАВЛО , ОСТАПЧУК ІГОР
Published: February 2025

The theoretical and practical aspects of an anomaly detection system in DNS queries, which serves as a crucial tool for ensuring the security of internet infrastructure, are examined. Anomalous DNS queries pose a serious threat to network security and stability as they can be an indicator of cyber attacks or malicious activity. One of the most common threats is the use of DNS to carry out DDoS attacks, in particular through the DNS amplification mechanism. An analysis of existing anomaly detection methods, including statistical, signature-based approaches, and machine learning methods, is conducted. The key stages of the proposed system's development are described, including data collection, preprocessing, and analysis, as well as the creation of a normal activity profile for identifying deviations. Innovative methods based on deep learning and time series analysis open new horizons in automated detection of anomalies in DNS traffic. Deep neural networks, such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are used to detect complex patterns in large data sets, including the textual and temporal aspects of DNS queries.
The primary goal of the study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of a combined approach to DNS traffic analysis, utilizing modern machine learning algorithms such as Isolation Forest, One-Class SVM, and K-means. The proposed system achieves a high level of accuracy (92%) and completeness (90%) in anomaly detection, as confirmed by testing results on the CAIDA Passive DNS Dataset.
A description of the modular architecture of the system is presented, which allows for scalability in large networks with high traffic levels. The proposed approach is flexible and adaptive, enabling integration with existing network security and incident response tools.
МЕТОД ЗМЕНШЕННЯ ЕНЕРГОСПОЖИВАННЯ ВУЗЛАМИ IOT
Authors: ПАСТУШЕНКО ГАННА
Published: February 2025

У статті запропоновано ефективний підхід до зменшення обсягу даних, що передаються від вузлів IoT до сервера, з акцентом на економію енергоресурсів та продовження терміну роботи акумуляторів. Основна концепція методу базується на механізмі прогнозування, який дозволяє вузлам IoT надсилати дані лише тоді, коли абсолютна різниця між виміряним і прогнозованим значенням перевищує встановлений поріг похибки. Це рішення дозволяє суттєво зменшити обсяг переданого трафіку, зберігаючи при цьому достатній рівень точності даних для більшості застосувань.
Для реалізації прогнозування було використано спрощений віконний метод, який забезпечує баланс між наближеною точністю і низькими витратами обчислювальних ресурсів, що є критично важливим для енергоефективних пристроїв. У ході експериментів застосовували GPS-трекери Lightbug LoRa з передачею даних через мережі LoRa та BLE. Експериментальні результати показали, що зменшення обсягу переданих даних до 50% дозволило значно збільшити тривалість роботи пристроїв, особливо в умовах високої інтенсивності трафіку. Наприклад, для технології LoRa тривалість роботи батареї збільшилася на 300% за інтенсивного руху даних.
Детальний аналіз результатів продемонстрував, що за низьких значень порогу похибки точність прогнозованих даних практично не відрізняється від виміряних. Однак із підвищенням порогу точність значно знижується, що може бути неприйнятним для деяких застосувань. Оптимальне значення порогу похибки було визначено експериментальним шляхом, зважаючи на баланс між мінімізацією енергоспоживання та забезпеченням прийнятного рівня точності.
Запропонований метод є універсальним і перспективним для застосування в енергоефективних IoT-системах, особливо в тих сценаріях, де економія енергії має вирішальне значення, а висока точність даних залишається важливою умовою. Такий підхід відкриває можливості для вдосконалення систем інтелектуального моніторингу, управління та збору даних у різних сферах, включаючи розумні міста, сільське господарство, екологічний моніторинг та логістику.
СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ПРОМИСЛОВОГО БУДІВНИЦТВА В АГРАРНОМУ СЕКТОРІ
Authors: ЛОБАЙ Роман
Published: February 2025

In modern conditions, the country faces the issue of developing the agrarian sector of the national economy, which requires modern infrastructure for its effective functioning. The importance of industrial construction in the agrarian sector is determined by its key role as a fundamental basis for ensuring the effective functioning of the agro-industrial complex since industrial construction contributes to the creation of modern production facilities that provide a continuous cycle of production, processing, storage and logistics of agricultural products.
The publication's purpose is to study and assess the trends in the formation, functioning, and development of industrial construction in the agrarian sector and its significance in complex modern realities.
Results. The article examines issues regarding the features, trends in development, and functioning in modern conditions of industrial construction of the agrarian sector of the national economy. The directions of agrarian industrial construction are studied. It is determined that before the start of the full-scale war, Ukraine demonstrated stable development in the construction sector, including in the industrial construction sector, and it is substantiated that the construction industry suffered significant losses due to the war. The volume of manufactured construction products by type, the distribution of manufactured products by type, and the assessment of direct losses to the agricultural and land resources were conducted. The directions of the functioning of industrial construction in martial law conditions and post-war reconstruction of the country were determined. The main trends in the long-term development of industrial construction in the agricultural sector should be the widespread introduction of innovative technologies and digitalization.
Conclusions. Agricultural construction is strategically important for Ukraine both in wartime and in the period of post-war reconstruction. Therefore, the reconstruction of the destroyed agricultural infrastructure, the expansion of production for domestic and foreign markets, the decentralization of production and the development of rural communities, environmentally sustainable construction and "green" energy, innovations, and digitalization of agricultural construction will become the basis for the future development of the country and its integration into the world economy.