bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh EM4 dan Jarak Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) dengan Irigasi Tetes
Authors: Mustabsyiroh Ila Wasi'atul , Cesar Regar Arthur Frans
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stevia plant growth and yield on differences in EM4 concentrations and combinations with three different spacings. The experimental design used was a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two research factors. The first factor was the EM4 concentration which consisted of 4 levels, namely A0 = 0% EM4 concentration, A1 = 25% EM4 concentration, A2 = 50% EM4 concentration, and A3 = 75% EM4 concentration. The second factor was the use of three different spacings, namely 25 cm x 25 cm, 30 cm x 30 cm, and 40 cm x 40 cm. The observation variables used in this study were plant height, number of leaves, fresh leaf weight, plant fresh weight, leaf dry weight, and root length. The data analysis used was ANOVA analysis of variance by conducting the F test at the ANOVA level α = 0.05. The F test was conducted to determine whether there was an effect of EM4 and spacing on the growth and yield of stevia plants. If the F-count is greater than the F-table, it indicates that there is a significant difference, then a follow-up DMRT test is performed with a p = 0.05 confidence level. The results showed that there was an interaction between the various spacings and the application of EM4 which had a highly significant effect on the variable plant height observed and a significantly different effect on the number of leaves observed. The single factor of the various plant spacings had highly significant different effects on the observed root length variables, as well as significantly different effects on the number of leaves, plant height, leaf fresh weight, plant fresh weight, and dry weight. leaf. The single factor EM4 had a significantly different effect on the variable plant height and number of leaves observed. Treatment distance of 30 cm x 30 cm (L1) and 50% EM4 concentration (A2) gave the best effect.
Exploration leadership that advancing creative collaboration for teachers
Authors: Lei Pan  , Songco Evelyn A.
Published: October 2023

Amidst China's robust push for aesthetic education reform, the emphasis on interdisciplinary and cross-specialty collaboration necessitates alterations to traditional collaboration frameworks, presenting fresh challenges for leadership. While most of today's schools have documented the closely knitted relationship between leadership and teacher collaboration in educational settings, very few attempts have been made to explore what competencies college leaders employ to infuse creative collaboration into the organizational culture and how this creative collaboration affects teachers’ work, especially under the aesthetic education reform in China. This research used qualitative case study and thematic analysis to explore leaders' competencies to promote creative collaboration in the organizational culture. This case study involved 10 participants from one College of Fine Arts in Henan, China, selected through purposeful sampling. Data were collected through 16 semi-structured interviews and the review of relevant documents. Findings reveal that the college dean employs an integrated leadership approach to foster positive creative collaboration among teachers. Findings were organized into the following themes: (i) Clear and decisive, collaboration-oriented organizational decision-making and guidance mechanisms; (ii) People-centric mindset: Fostering open and honest communication, creating a trusting environment; (iii) Maintenance and practice of integrity and responsibility; and finally (iv) Creating resources supporting and common goals to ignite teachers' passion for collaborative engagement. Valuable guidance in the leadership model for fostering positive teacher-creative collaboration for leaders in Chinese aesthetic education reform is provided based on these findings.
Fertilizer application and chemical fertility of a lixisol in a crop rotation system in the southern Sudanian zone of Burkina Faso
Authors: Kouhouyiwo Gomgnimbou Alain Peoule , Abdramane Sanon , Fidele Zongo K. , Wilfiried Sanou , Bismarck Nacro Hassan
Published: October 2023

The lack of organic matter in soils and the high cost of mineral fertilizers are constraints to the intensification of agricultural production in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the joint application of organic and mineral matter on soil fertility under crop rotation conditions. The study was carried out at the research station in Farakoba, from 2018 to 2020. The system was a 4x4 split-plot factorial with 3 replications. The 4 treatments corresponded to 4 crop rotations used as the main factor and 4 manures as the secondary factor. We used 4 rotation sequences: Sorghum-Fonio, Soya-Fonio, Mung bean-fonio, Sorghum-Mung bean. The four secondary treatments corresponded to four fertilizers: control with no fertilizer application; NPK and urea; Compost+poultry manure; Compost+poultry manure+Burkina phosphate). Results showed that legume-cereal rotations resulted in a 2.3% drop in C/N ratio, while the total exchangeable base (TEB) and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) increased by 82.53% and 24.08% respectively compared to the soil at the start of cultivation. Compared to the soil at the beginning of the crop, the soya-fonio rotation resulted in CEC and TEB increases of 26.87% and 86.55% respectively. The Compost+poultry manure treatment recorded significantly higher TEB and CEC contents, followed by the Compost+poultry manure+Burkina Phosphate and Compost+NPK+Urea treatments. Compared to the Compost+NPK+Urea treatment, the Compost+Poultry manure +Burkina Phosphate treatment resulted in TEB and CEC increases of 18.7% and 5.06% respectively. The results showed a negative and non-significant correlation between C/N and the parameters Ca, Na, Mg, TEB, CEC and saturation level. On the other hand, the correlation between C/N and K was positive and non-significant (r=0.036). In a context of high mineral fertilizer costs, fertilization techniques and productivity of systems can therefore be improved by combining local fertilizing resources such as poultry manure, Burkina phosphate and legume rotations.
Knowledge and Attitude of First Aid Measures among Drivers in Sharjah
Authors: Mohamadiyeh Amjad Majed , Said Mohammed Ra'a , AlDabbagh Banan Aymen , Badawi Rana Saeed , Alhaboobi Furqan Hayder , Aljuwaied Maitha Abdulla , Shorbaji Sara Ibrahim , Hussein Amal
Published: November 2023

Background: Injury is an important cause of mortality and morbidity.(1). FA is the immediate assistance provided to a suddenly injured or sick person until professional help arrives or that person has recovered.(2), could be a potential factor differentiating between life and death in RTA . Many lives would be saved if proper first aid is provided early. (3) In the middle east, there are limited studies that explore knowledge and practices towards first aid needed during RTA. Objective: The main aim of this study is to investigate the knowledge and attitude towards first aid among drivers in Sharjah. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted through a self-administered questionnaire written in Arabic and English languages. Participants were 18 years or older holding a driving license in the city of Sharjah. Paramedics and certified participants with a certification from authorized organizations were excluded . A non-proportional convenient sampling method was used. A total of 343 participants have completed the questionnaires. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS. Results: Majority of the study participants were less than 40 years old and (56.76%) were males. Most participants(94.2%) indicated that they know the term ‘First Aid’. However, (49.73%) of the participants knew the ambulance number and (52.43%) of the participants indicated that the victim should be moved to the hospital without the ambulance. With regards to attitude, 34.86% were not willing to provide first aid in the case of RTA. The main reason was lack of knowledge followed by fear of legal consequences. Most participants (83,78%) were willing to participate in first aid classes to improve their knowledge and attitude. Conclusion: Most participants are aware of the basic term of first aid; however, they are not willing to provide first aid in cases of RTA due to lack of knowledge and fear of legal consequences. Based on these findings we recommend providing first aid classes for new drivers and to obtain certification. References: 1 and 3. Midani, O., Tillawi, T., Saqer, A., Hammami, M., Taifour, H. and Mohammad, H., 2020. Knowledge And Attitude Toward First Aid: A Cross-Sectional Study In The United Arab Emirates. 2.Van de Velde S, Heselmans A, Roex A, Vandekerckhove P, Ramaekers D, Aertgeerts B. Effectiveness of nonresuscitative first aid training in laypersons:A systematic review. Ann Emerg Med 2009;54:447-57, 457e1-5.
Об одном сценарии перехода к турбулентности при течении полимерной жидкости в цилиндрическом канале
Authors: Семисалов Борис Владимирович , Semisalov Boris Vladimirovich
Published: November 2023

На основе реологической мезоскопической модели Покровского--Виноградова получены уравнения, описывающие нестационарные и стационарные течения несжимаемой вязкоупругой полимерной жидкости в цилиндрическом канале. Найдены точные стационарные решения и сформулированы ограничения на значения реологических параметров, обеспечивающие их существование. Проведено моделирование установления нестационарных течений, и рассчитаны ограничения на значения параметров, обеспечивающие установление. Показано, что в ряде случаев эти ограничения совпадают с условиями существования стационарных решений. Полученные результаты позволяют конструктивно описать процесс разрушения ламинарного течения типа Пуазейля, что, как правило, инициирует переход к турбулентности. Ключевую роль в этом процессе с точки зрения механики играют размер и ориентация макромолекул полимерной жидкости, с точки зрения математики - особые точки решений.
Action Today to Stop Polution: Sosialisasi Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik Menjadi Ecobrick di Desa Kalimacan Kabupaten Sragen
Authors: Widianto Atmojo Idam Ragil , Matsuri Matsuri , Chumdari Chumdari , Adi Fadhil Purnama , Ardiansyah Roy , Saputri Dwi Yuniasih
Published: October 2023

Indonesia is the second largest country that produces plastic waste in the world. Plastic waste is decomposed in about 1000 years. Plastic waste has a negative impact on the environment, such as the accumulation of garbage, which causes environmental pollution. Correct steps are needed to overcome these problems. One of the right strategies to overcome this problem is by using the 5R method, namely Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Replace, and Replant which we should apply in dealing with plastic waste. However, not all areas have waste disposal facilities. Especially nowadays a landfill is a necessity, for that we need a landfill. The solution to this problem is the manufacture of ecobrick products, in which these products can be made easily with makeshift tools and materials. The purpose of this socialization is to increase public awareness, especially in the Malangan Hamlet area, RT 04, Kalimacan, Kalijambe, Sragen Regency regarding ecobrick products as a step to care for the environment. The method used is counseling in the form of lectures and demonstrations. The results obtained are that people can understand the importance of maintaining cleanliness and environmental health by sorting waste properly, and are able to provide ecobrick products in the form of shoe containers, both as personal and community needs. Ecobrick has a positive impact on society by reducing plastic waste and turning it into a livelihood opportunity.
Frequency of Respiratory Virus-Associated infection among Children and Adolescents from a Tertiary-Care Hospital in Mexico City
Authors: Nieto-Rivera Brenda , Saldaña-Ahuactzi Zeus , Parra-Ortega Israel , Flores-Alanis Alejandro , Carbajal-Franco Ebzadrel , Cruz-Rangel Armando , Galaviz-Hernández Stephania , Romero-Navarro Benjamín , Rosa-Zamboni Daniela de la , Salazar-García Marcela , Contreras Carmen A. , Ortega-Riosvelasco Fernando , López-Martínez Irma , Barrera-Badillo Gisela , Diaz-Garcia Hector , Romo-Castillo Mariana , Moreno-Espinosa Sarbelio , Luna-Pineda Victor M.
Published: October 2023

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children. The causative pathogens show geographic and seasonal variations. We retrospectively evaluated the frequency and seasonality of respiratory pathogens in children and adolescents (age: 0–19 years) with ARIs treated between January 1, 2021, and March 31, 2022, at a single center in Mexico. Out of 2,400 patients, 1,603 were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 797 were diagnosed with other common respiratory pathogens (CRPs). Of the 797, 632 patients were infected with one CRP and 165 with >2 CRPs. Deaths occurred only in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. Rhinovirus/Enterovirus, respiratory syncytial virus B, and parainfluenza virus 3 were the most prevalent in cases with single and multiple infections. The respiratory pathogens showed a high frequency between autumn and winter of 2021, generating the highest incidence of hospitalization compared to COVID-19. The main comorbidities were immunosuppression, cardiovascular disease (CD), and asthma. The frequency of CRPs showed a downward trend throughout the first half of 2021. CRPs increased in single- and co-infection cases between the fourth and fifth waves of COVID-19, probably due to decreased nonpharmaceutical interventions. Age, cyanosis (symptom), and immunosuppression (comorbidity) were found to differentiate between SARS-CoV-2 infection and CRP infection.
The Effect of Geranylgeraniol and Ginger on Satellite Cells Myogenic State in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Luk Hui-Ying , Jiwan Nigel , Appell Casey , Sterling Raoul , Shen Chwan-Li
Published: November 2023

Background: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is associated with chronic inflammation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), which contributes to satellite cell (SC) myogenic impairment, potentially resulting in muscle atrophy. Geranylgeraniol (GGOH) and ginger can reduce inflammation and increase makers of SC myogenesis, thus alleviating muscle atrophy. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of GGOH and ginger on SC myogenic state and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) in T2D rats.
Methods: 28 rats consumed a control diet (CON), high-fat diet with 35mg/kg of streptozotocin (HFD), HFD with 800mg/kg body weight of GGOH (GG), or HFD with 0.75% ginger (GRE). On the 8th week, soleus was analyzed for Pax7, MyoD, and MSTN gene and protein, SC myogenic state, and muscle CSA. Two one-way ANOVAs were used to investigate GGOH and gingers effect alone on HFD.
Results: HFD had a significantly lower number of Pax7+/MyoD- and Pax7+/MSTN+ cells, less Pax7, MyoD, MyoD and MSTN, with a smaller CSA than CON. With GGOH, GG had a significantly greater number of Pax7+/MSTN+ cells, MyoD and a larger CSA than HFD. With ginger, GRE had a significantly lower number of Pax7-/MyoD+ and greater number of Pax7+/MSTN+ cells, greater MyoD, MSTN and a larger CSA than HFD. Despite the supplementation, CON still had significantly greater number of Pax7+/MyoD- than GG and GRE and Pax7-/MyoD+ cells than GRE with a larger CSA than GG.
Conclusion: GGOH and ginger supplementation to T2D rats persevered muscle CSA, possibly through increased MyoD and ability to maintain SC pool in the soleus of T2D rats.
Lithium-Ion (LCO/NMC, NMC, LFP) Battery Recycling: LCA Study
Authors: Fridrich Michael , Pražanová Anna , Weinzettel Jan , Knap Vaclav
Published: October 2023

Recycling lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has become increasingly important in response to expanding electromobility. This paper is focused on evaluating the environmental impacts (EIs) of recycling pre-treatment of three types of LIBs with black mass as its product. A detailed gate-to-gate Life Cycle Assessment study was conducted to obtain EIs of the recycling process. The benefits of LIBs recycling pre-treatment and significant recovery of secondary aluminum for compared battery types are highlighted in the analysis. This paper points out that the varying chemistry of the compared LIBs does not affect the resulting EIs of the recycling pre-treatment procedures.
Charge Transfer Mechanism for Realization of Double Negative Differential Transconductance
Authors: Yu Hyun-Yong , Han Kyu-Hyun , Kim Seung-Hwan , Kim Seung-Geun , Kim Jong-Hyun , Song Sungjoo
Published: October 2023

With development of information age, multi-valued logic (MVL) technology utilizing negative differential transconductance (NDT) phenomenon has drawn attention as next-generation computing technology that can replace binary logic. However, because conventional NDT devices primarily use ternary logic, multiple-peak NDT device is required for higher-radix MVL that can process more datasets. Here, van der Waals double-peak anti-ambipolar transistor (AAT) as NDT device was developed by utilizing peak voltage (Vpeak) modulation of NDT peak. For realization of quaternary logic, Vpeak modulation technology was developed through charge transfer mechanism from channel, thereby shifting NDT peak and increasing peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR). Furthermore, Double-peak AAT was implemented through parallel configuration of two AATs with different Vpeak values. Finally, quaternary inverter with four widely stable logic states was implemented by utilizing the developed double-peak AAT with two distinct NDT peaks and high PVCR. This double-peak AAT is expected to contribute to the development of next-generation MVL technology capable of processing datasets.
Cost-Efficient Decarbonization of Portland Cement Production
Authors: Glenk Gunther , Kelnhofer Anton , Meier Rebecca , Reichelstein Stefan
Published: November 2023

Accounting for nearly 8% of global annual carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, the cement industry is considered difficult to decarbonize. While a sizeable number of abatement levers for Portland cement production is becoming technologically ready for deployment, many are still viewed as prohibitively expensive. Here we develop a generic abatement cost framework for identifying cost-efficient pathways toward substantial emission reductions. We calibrate our model with new industry data in the context of European cement plants that must obtain emission permits under the European Emissions Trading System. We find that a price of €81 per ton of CO2, as observed on average in 2022, incentivizes firms to reduce their annual direct emissions by about one-third relative to the status quo. Yet, these incentives increase sharply at a carbon price of €126 per ton. If cement producers were to expect such carbon price levels to persist in the future, they would have incentives to reduce emissions by almost 80% relative to current emission levels.
JEL Codes: M1, O33, Q42, Q52, Q54, Q55, Q58
Environmental Applications of Coal Water Slurry with Enhancing Storage Stability
Authors: Yoon Sung Min , Tokmurzin Diyar , Yang Jung Hoon , Mun Tae-Young , Seo Myung Won , Moon Ji Hong , Park Sung Jin , Yoon Sang Jun , Lee Jae Goo , Lee Kyubock , Ra Ho Won
Published: October 2023

Coal Water Slurries (CWSs) are considered to be a new form of fuel that can alleviate the environmental and safety issues associated with use of bulk solid fuel. However, CWSs does not always fit into existing solid fuel supply and storage chain. In this study, we propose a novel method to control CWSs viscosity using pH responsive thickener, offering the advantages of improved storage stability and on-demand viscosity control, thus allowing CWSs to be used as a c for a variety of applications. This study investigates the effects of additives and pH on the viscosity and storage stability of CWSs. Poloxamer 407, polynaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde (PNSF), and a copolymer containing pigment-affinic (PA) groups were used as dispersants to lower CWSs viscosity. Xanthan gum, a modified acrylic polymer (MAP), and carbomer were used as thickeners for assessing the storage stability and fluidity of CWSs based on viscosity changes. Optimal viscosity reduction was achieved by the addition of PA. A viscosity of 7,000 cP was achieved by the use of carbomer, with small amount comparable to 27.3 wt.% of MAP and 22.7 wt.% of Xanthan gum. Moreover, the carbomer-containing CWSs exhibited high storage stability in a 360-h stability test, retaining 84.3% of the original baseline coal content. pH-dependent viscosity changes were observed only in carbomer-containing samples.
Nonlinear Relationship Between Blood Glucose and 28-day Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Zhang Meijuan , Liu Ying , Zhang Nan , Tse Gary , Liu Tong
Published: October 2023

Epidemiological studies have revealed a correlation between diabetes mellitus and elevated blood glucose levels with atrial fibrillation (AF). Blood glucose levels were assessed in critically ill atrial fibrillation patients to determine whether they correlate with 28-day mortality. This study incorporated a cohort of 13,105 critically ill patients diagnosed with AF from MIMIC-IV database. Both smooth curve analysis and cox proportional hazards regression were employed. The selected participants had a mean age of 73.7 ± 11.7 years, with an estimated 58.6% being male. Smooth curve regression showed that minimum glucose, maximum glucose followed non-linear curves with respect to 28-day all-cause mortality. The inflection points were 65 mg/dL and 166 mg/dL for minimum glucose and maximum glucose, respectively. There was a decreased risk of 28-day mortality observed with minimum glucose < 65 mg/dL (HR = 0.967, 95%CI 0.951 ~ 0.983, P < 0.001) and an increased mortality risk observed with it ≥ 65 mg/dL (HR = 1.007, 95%CI 1.005 ~ 1.009, P < 0.001). Increased maximum glucose contributed to lower risks of mortality when maximum glucose < 166 mg/dL (HR = 0.996, 95%CI 0.993 ~ 0.999, P = 0.012). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between an increase in glucose level and mortality (HR = 1.000, 95%CI 0.999 ~ 1.001, P = 0.511) among patients with a maximum glucose level of ≥ 166 mg/dL. These findings suggested that there exists a U-shaped association between minimum glucose levels and 28-day mortality in critically ill AF patients, as well as an L-shaped correlation between maximum glucose and mortality. However, additional research is necessary to explore the underlying factors contributing to this association.
A nested case-control study of factors influencing adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with previous pregnancy loss
Authors: Liu Ling , Wang Fang , Wang Kexin , Huo Huyan , Zhang Wei
Published: October 2023

Recurrent pregnancy loss is common in women of childbearing age and also causes great physical and psychological harm to patients and families, but the relationship between the number of previous miscarriages and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in subsequent pregnancies is unclear. The purpose of this study is to provide clinical data to support whether the number of previous pregnancy losses increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with a history of previous pregnancy losses. We conducted a cohort-based, nested case-control study and recruited 1074 women with a history of pregnancy loss. Detailed demographic and medical history information was collected at baseline, and biological specimens were retained for laboratory testing. Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) were chosen as the primary outcome indicator, with cases being defined as individuals who experienced any APOs events. Cases were matched with event-free control subjects at a 1:2 ratio. We used conditional logistic regression to examine the relationship between the number of previous pregnancy losses and APOs events, using age at first pregnancy as the reference exposure. We identified 358 cases with APOs events and 716 controls. The occurrence of APOs was associated with an increased number of previous pregnancy loss exposures compared to controls without APOs (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.61), which persisted after considering patient demographics, total number of previous pregnancy history, and other exposures (aOR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.28 to 2.4). In addition, we found that age at first pregnancy within a certain range may also be a risk factor for APOs.
Demographics, Land lease and Multidimensional Poverty Alleviation
Authors: Huang Longjunjiang , Xie Hang , Liu Yanshan , Ding Shijun
Published: October 2023

In the context of the focus of poverty governance in China shifting from eradicating absolute poverty to alleviating multidimensional poverty after comprehensive poverty eradication, this paper incorporates demographic aging, demographic feminization, and Land lease into the analytical framework based on the demographic perspective. Based on the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) sample survey data of 5,760 farm households, the impact of demographic structure on multidimensional poverty alleviation is empirically analyzed using the least squares (OLS) model. Attention is also paid to the heterogeneity of different regions and incomes on the alleviation of multidimensional poverty, and the logit model is applied to test it. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) Demographic aging has a significant negative effect on multidimensional poverty alleviation. Demographic feminization has a significant positive effect on multidimensional poverty alleviation. (2) Demographic aging has a significant contribution to Land lease and helps alleviate multidimensional poverty. (3) Demographic aging has a significant negative effect on multidimensional poverty alleviation in the eastern region, and demographic feminization has a significant positive effect on multidimensional poverty alleviation in the central region. (4) Demographic aging has a significant negative effect on multidimensional poverty alleviation in the low-income group.
Human Milk Oligosaccharides and the Association with Microbiota in Colostrum: a pilot study
Authors: Sun Wen , Tao Lin , Qian Chen , Xue Peipei , Tong Xiankun , Yang Li , Lu Fang , Wan Hua , Tao Yingna
Published: October 2023

HMOs (Human milk oligosaccharide) has an important impact on maternal and infant health. Colostrum samples of 70 breastfeeding women in China were collected and recorded clinical characteristics. The major oligosaccharides and microbiota were quantitated in colostrum. The concentration of fucosylated HMOs in primipara was higher than that of multipara (p= 0.030). The concentration of N-acetylated HMOs in vaginal delivery milk was less than that of cesarean (p= 0.038). N-acetylated HMOs of breastfeeding women were less than that of breast pump (p= 0.038). Meanwhile, the concentration of LNT was positively correlated with Lactobacillus (r= 0.250, p= 0.037). DS-LNT was negatively correlated with Staphylococcus (r= -0.240, p= 0.045). There was a positive correlation between Streptococcus and LNFPII (r= 0.314, p= 0.011), Streptococcus and 3-SL (r= 0.322, p= 0.009). In addition, there was a negative correlation between 2'-FL and 3-FL (r= -0.465, p= 0.001). There was a positive correlation between LNT and LNnT (r= 0.778, p= 0.001). Therefore, the concentration of HMOs is related to number of deliveries, delivery mode, lactation mode and perinatal antibiotic. The concentration of HMOs is related to Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and Streptococcus in colostrum. In addition, there are connections between different oligosaccharides in content. The study protocol was also registered in the ClinicalTrails.gov (ChiCTR2200064454) (Oct. 2022).
Hypoxia promotes metastasis by relieving miR-598-3p-restricted glycolysis in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhou Wei , Tang Mengyuan , He Dan , Wu Zhiyun , Shen Yi , Wei Wenxiang , Zheng Hui , Wang Qi , Shi Weifeng , Jiang Jingting
Published: October 2023

The activation of glycolysis, particularly in the context of reprogrammed energy metabolism, is increasingly recognized as a significant characteristic of cancer. However, the precise mechanisms by which glycolysis is promoted in metastatic gastric cancer cells under normal oxygen conditions remain poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the development of malignant phenotypes in gastric cancer. Nevertheless, our understanding of the specific involvement of miRNAs in hypoxia-induced metabolic shifts and the subsequent metastatic processes is limited. Hypoxia-induced downregulation of miR-598-3p mechanistically leads to the upregulation of RMP and IGF1r, thereby promoting glycolysis through the upregulation of multiple glycolysis-related genes. Our findings demonstrate that inhibiting glycolysis through either overexpression of miR-598-3p or R406 treatment effectively suppresses the metastasis of gastric cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, the depletion of miR-598-3p alters glucose metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, potentially exacerbating the malignancy of gastric cancer cells. The present findings indicate a potential target for the development of therapeutics against gastric cancers with increased miR-598-3p expression.
Safety and efficacy of overlapping triangular anastomoses in complete laparoscopic colorectal resection: a systematic evaluation and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Junjing , Shao Lei , Cai Baojia , Zhu Shengmao , Han Jingjun , Li Jintao , Wang Kaimin , Zhang Chengwu , Yu Pengjie
Published: October 2023

Background
To systematically evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of overlapping triangular anastomoses and other anastomoses in total laparoscopic colorectal resection for the treatment of colorectal cancer, and to provide evidence-based medical evidence for clinical practice.
Materials and methods
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were searched until May 2023, published literature related to total laparoscopic overlapping triangular anastomosis colorectal resection versus colorectal resection with other anastomoses was obtained, progressively screened, and eligible studies were included, and finally Meta-analysis was performed by Stata17 software.
Results
Seven literatures were included. 705 patients were included, including 342 patients who received overlapping triangular anastomoses and 363 patients who received other anastomoses. A meta-analysis of the included metrics showed that overlapping triangular anastomoses and other anastomoses were more effective in terms of operative time (SMD=-0.29, 95%CI-0.82, 0.23, P = 0.278), postoperative exhaust time (SMD=-0.61, 95%CI-0.84,-0.37), P = 0.000), intraoperative blood loss (SMD=-0.06, 95% CI-0.21,0.10, P = 0.493), length of hospital stay (SMD=-0.41, 95% CI-0.86,0.05, P = 0.079), incision length (SMD=-0.70, 95%CI-1.22,-0.19, P = 0.007), anastomosis time (SMD=-0.56, 95%CI-1.09,-0.03, P = 0.040), ground time (SMD=-0.33, 95%CI-0.65,-0.01, P = 0.041), postoperative defecation time (SMD=-0.75, 95%CI-1.39,-0.10, P = 0.023), number of lymph nodes dissection (SMD = 0.21, 95%CI-0.01,0.43, P = 0.063). From the results, it is clear that there was no significant difference between the overlapping triangular anastomosis and other anastomoses in terms of operative time, intraoperative bleeding, length of hospital stay, and number of lymph nodes discharged (P > 0.05). Compared with other anastomoses, the overlapping triangular anastomosis showed a significant difference in terms of shorter postoperative venting time, smaller incision length, shorter anastomosis time, earlier time on the floor, and earlier postoperative defecation time (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The overlapping triangular anastomosis in complete laparoscopic colorectal resection is safe and effective, and is superior to other anastomoses in terms of postoperative venting time, incision length, and postoperative defecation time.
Exploring Brain PET Connectivity Data with Machine Learning: A Case Study on Primary Progressive Aphasia
Authors: Fernando García-Gutiérrez , Laura Hernández-Lorenzo , María Nieves Cabrera-Martín , Lucía Fernández-Romero , A. Matias-Guiu Jordi , L. Ayala José
Published: November 2023

Graph Theory has spread across different domains due to its ability to capture and exploit information about the interactions among elements. One of the most promising applications relies on the area of Neuroscience, where the exploration of brain connectivity (BC) has become a topic of major interest. In this context, we introduce a new framework to extract and analyze BC data for detecting disrupted connectivity subnetworks associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Our framework conceptualizes the problem of identifying connectivity subnetworks as an optimization, and leverages the potential of Machine Learning techniques to optimize the objective function. We applied this methodology to 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) data from patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), a neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by three distinct clinico-pathological variants featuring diverse topographical and horological patterns. Our findings showed that the proposed approach detects impaired BC subnetworks associated with the characteristic fingerprints of the disease. This methodology offers a fresh perspective on studying BC, complementing conventional approaches based on Graph Theory.
Stem cell membrane-cloaked biomimetic nanoparticles targeted delivery of Naringin to control cytokine storm in mouse pneumonia
Authors: jin hua , Zhao Yue , Ouyang Suidong , Yao Yinlian , Fan Shilong , Luo Renxing , Pi Jiang , Wang Yanyan , Huang Gonghua
Published: October 2023

Background:
Cytokine storm or cytokine release syndrome (CRS), mainly caused by the bacteria, viruses, etc., is life-threatening systemic inflammatory syndrome. CRS in the lung can lead to acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a very short time, and it is the main reason for patients with mild symptoms transferring to severe disease even death. Thus, effectively controlling CRS is essential in the prevention and treatment of infectious pneumonia.
Methods:
The naringin nanoparticles (Nar-NPs) were prepared by emulsification-and-evaporation method, and then the mesenchymal stem cell membranes were extracted and coated onto the surface of Nar-NPs by hand extrusion through nano-porous membranes to obtain cell membrane (CM) cloaked CM@Nar-NPs. The biocompatibility, inflammation-targeting, antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory efficiency were determined both in vitro and in vivo.
Results
The as-synthesized biomimetic platform (CM@Nar-NPs) showed highly efficient targeting and Nar delivery to the macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells as demonstrated by fluorescent imaging and flow cytometry analyses. The lung inflammation-targeting and accumulation of CM@Nar-NPs were also confirmed by IVIS imaging in septic mice. In LPS-induced sepsis mouse model, CM@Nar-NPs showed efficient therapeutic efficacy, as evidenced by improved survival rate, decreased pulmonary permeability and cytokine release, and the organ damage protection. Additionally, CM@Nar-NPs exhibited excellent antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by ROS scavenging in inflamed RAW264.7 cells and in the lung and liver of septic mice. To further determine the protective mechanism of CM@Nar-NPs, infiltrated macrophages in the lung were isolated and analyzed. CM@Nar-NPs increased the expression of M2 marker (CD206), and decreased the expression of M1 marker (F4/80) in septic mice, suggesting that Nar-modulated macrophages polarizing towards M2 subtype might contribute to their anti-inflammation effects.
Conclusion
The as-synthesized biomimetic platform (CM@Nar-NPs) can be employed to targeted delivery and improve the therapeutic efficacy of active ingredients from herbal medicine in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. This nanoplatform shows potential prospects for pneumonia-targeted delivery in clinics.
Dynamics of Ankylosing Spondylitis-associated Arthritogenic Peptide-MHC I interactions
Authors: Kıvrak Sena , Dilek Yunus Emre , Kara İrem , Özkaya Şeyma Çolakoğlu , Abacar Kerem Yiğit , Erzik Can , Atagündüz Mehmet Pamir , Akçapınar Günseli Bayram
Published: October 2023

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the axial skeleton and often associated with Human Leukocyte Antigen-B*27 (HLA-B*27) positivity. HLA-B*27 and its role in AS pathogenesis remain unclear despite the identification of multiple susceptibility alleles. As the most frequent subtype related to AS, HLA-B*27:05 differs from the non-associated HLA-B*27:09 subtype at a single position. This study focuses on the comparison of two subtypes in their binding to two arthritogenic peptides (ARGQPGVMG-DRASFIKNL) and a viral peptide (KK10) through 500 ns long molecular dynamic simulations. In the present study, it was found that peptide-MHC I complex stability and peptide presentation were similar when the peptides had similar C-terminal charges.
CircFOXO3 Upregulation Mediates the Radioresistance of Glioblastoma by Affecting Cellular Metabolome
Authors: Xu Hao , Xing Jin , Cheng Linlin , wang Zhihan , zhao Liang , Ren Li , Zhang Shuai
Published: October 2023

Radioresistance remains an important barrier to the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which is the most prevalent and lethal brain cancer in adults. Metabolic alterations contribute to radioresistance through various mechanisms, including activation of antioxidant responses to counteract reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA repair. In this study, we observed a significant up-regulation of circFOXO3 in glioma cells upon exposure to radiation and recurrent GBM tissues. Knockdown of circFOXO3 enhanced radiosensitivity in glioma cells. An assay of orthotopic GBM animal model in vivo indicated that inhibition of circFOXO3 significantly suppressed GBM progression and prolonged survival time. Overexpression of circFOXO3 significantly attenuated radiosensitivity in glioma cells. Additionally, metabolomics analysis revealed substantial alterations in the metabolomic profiles between the circFOXO3-OE and control groups following irradiation, particularly involving lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and derivatives, and organoheterocyclic compounds. Moreover, suppression of circFOXO3 increased levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase 7 and Bax while decreasing Bcl-2 levels after radiotherapy. Our findings establish the crucial role played by circFOXO3 in tumor radioresistance through modulation of metabolites, highlighting its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for GBM.
Precise Characterization of Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells Using a Novel APP Splice Variant Dependent Method: for Intended Use in AD Research
Authors: Kulatunga D Chanuka M , Ranaraja Umanthi , Kim Eun Young , Kim Ryoung Eun , Kim Dong Ern , Ji Kuk Bin , Kim Min Kyu
Published: October 2023

SH-SY5Y, a neuroblastoma cell line, can be converted into mature neuronal phenotypes, characterized by the expression of mature neuronal and neurotransmitter markers. However, the mature phenotypes described across multiple studies appear inconsistent. As this cell line expresses common neuronal markers after a simple induction, there is a high chance of misinterpreting its maturity. Therefore, sole reliance on common neuronal markers is presumably inadequate. The Alzheimer's disease (AD) central gene, amyloid precursor protein (APP), has shown contrasting transcript variant dynamics in various cell types. We differentiated SH-SY5Y cells into mature neuron-like cells using a concise protocol and observed the upregulation of total APP throughout differentiation. However, APP transcript variant-1 was upregulated only during the early to middle stages of differentiation and declined in later stages. We identified the maturity state where this post-transcriptional shift occurs, terming it "true maturity." At this stage, we observed a predominant expression of mature neuronal and cholinergic markers, along with a distinct APP variant pattern. Our findings emphasize the necessity of using a differentiation state-sensitive marker system to precisely characterize SH-SY5Y differentiation. Moreover, this study offers an APP-guided, alternative neuronal marker system to enhance the accuracy of the conventional marker system.
Application of Machine Learning for Predicting Brucellosis Disease in Dairy Cattle
Authors: Hussaini S. M.A.K. , Tito M. H. , Hasan M. M. , Rahman Md. Siddiqur , Sharmy S. T. , Sarker R. R. , Rahman A. K. M. A. , Neubauer H.
Published: November 2023

Brucellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella bacteria, has emerged as a significant concern in Bangladesh, affecting both animals and humans, with economic repercussions and health risks. This paper addresses the urgent need for effective disease management in a country where agriculture and livestock are pivotal to the economy. The study focuses on identifying risk factors for brucellosis in dairy cattle and their correlation with factors collected from Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm (CCBDF) and Military Dairy Farms (MDF) in Bangladesh. Serum and milk samples, along with demographic data, were collected and analyzed. To address the challenge of imbalanced data, the study introduces the application of the "SMOTE" Weka filter for the first time in Bangladesh's veterinary profession. This balances the dataset, enhancing the accuracy of predictive modeling. Machine learning models, specifically Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and J48 decision tree algorithms, are employed for brucellosis prediction. MLP achieved a Correct Classification (CC) rate of 95.0801%, while J48 achieved 94.0503%, demonstrating their efficacy. Sensitivity analysis identifies key attributes, with retained placenta being the most significant, aiding in prioritizing control measures. Association Rules reveal patterns and relationships among disease-related factors, enhancing understanding and proactive prevention.
A usability study on mobile EMG-guided wrist extension training in subacute stroke patients－MyoGuide
Authors: Lin Hao-Ping , Xu Yang , Zhang Xue , Woolley Daniel , Zhao Lina , Liang Weidi , Huang Mengdi , Cheng Hsiao-ju , Zhang Lixin , Wenderoth Nicole
Published: October 2023

Background: Effective stroke rehabilitation requires high-dose, repetitive-task training, especially during the early recovery phase. However, the usability of upper-limb rehabilitation technology in acute and sub-acute stroke survivors remains relatively unexplored. In this study, we introduce sub-acute stroke survivors to the “MyoGuide”, a mobile training platform that employs surface electromyography (sEMG)-guided neurofeedback training for post-stroke wrist extension. Notably, the study places a strong emphasis on evaluating the platform’s usability within clinical contexts.
Methods: We report the results of seven sub-acute post-stroke participants. The MyoGuide mobile training platform provided participants with real-time feedback, gamification features, and user control. Participants underwent wrist extension training, which encompassed calibration, stability assessment, and dynamic tasks. The training was conducted in supervised 1:1 sessions, spanning ten days. All training records were recorded within the application, usability was assessed through System Usability Scale (SUS) and a questionnaire administered during the final session. Daily written reports were provided by the therapist throughout the study duration.
Results: The usability analysis yielded positive results, with a median SUS score of 82.5. Across the training sessions, patients progressed as indicated by significant increases in both the Stability Assessment Scores and the Level of Difficulty (LoD) that could be achieved in the dynamic task. The rate of progression differed based on initial impairment levels of the patient. During the training sessions, therapists documented not only the day-to-day performance of participants but also the extent of support required, particularly for those with lower baseline motor function. In parallel, participants who had experienced stroke expressed a keen interest in continuing home-based training. However, they also acknowledged challenges related to independently using the Myo armband and software.
Conclusions: This study introduces the MyoGuide training platform and demonstrates its usability in a clinical setting for stroke rehabilitation, with the assistance of a therapist. The findings support the potential of MyoGuide for wrist extension training in patients across a wide range of impairment levels. However, certain usability challenges, such as donning/doffing the armband and navigating the application, need to be addressed to enable independent MyoGuide training requiring only minimal supervision by a therapist.
Impact of COVID-19 restrictions on newly occurring loneliness in older people – a prospective study in a memory clinic population
Authors: Defrancesco Michaela , Hofer Alex , Schurr Timo
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with high burden and numerous negative consequences for older people. Social isolation and loneliness are major and prevalent health problems impacting well-being and quality of life and may have increased due to pandemic-related restrictions. The present study investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on loneliness in people visiting a memory clinic between March 2020 and September 2022. We conducted a prospective, single-center, questionnaire-based observational follow-up study to assess potential predictors of newly occurring, pandemic-related loneliness. Next to a newly developed COVID-19 questionnaire, a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory and the Geriatric Depression Scale were used. In total 426 people (mean age: 76.48 years, 12.9% cognitively intact, 33.1% diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment, 49.8% diagnosed with dementia, and 4.2% diagnosed with depression) completed the COVID-19 questionnaire at baseline and 166 at follow-up. Newly occurring loneliness was indicated by 22.3% of baseline participants and by 24.1% of follow-up participants. Results of logistic regression analysis showed that living alone (OR 5.452) and having less contact with friends (OR 2.771) were most predictive of the occurrence of loneliness. The use of digital communication media as an alternative strategy for social interaction was lowest in dementia patients (6–13%). In conclusion, personal contacts and a close friendship network appear to be more decisive to prevent loneliness in older people than does the use of digital communication media. However, promoting an intensified use of digital communication media may be useful to counteract loneliness, especially in dementia patients.