bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sponge City Design Based on Intelligent Displacement Optimization
Authors: Zhou Liang
Published: July 2022

The concept of sponge city urbanization construction is the important guiding idea, to quickly eliminate the end drainage characteristics of the traditional urban drainage system; the effect is very poor under the actual extreme precipitation weather conditions. The failure of the drainage system will cause urban waterlogging and even sewage overflow, thus causing the collapse of the entire urban water system. In a variety of heavy precipitation weather frequency as the background, this paper first makes a detailed introduction about the concept of sponge city, mainly describes the features and functionality of the sponge city, compares them and the function of traditional urban drainage system, and finds out the advantages and disadvantages of the sponge city on the function, especially on the end of the drainage function, which is even better than traditional drainage system. Finally, through modern computer intelligence technology, the artificial neural network is combined with the sponge city drainage system, and the influence of rainfall prediction module and centralized coordinated optimization sponge processing module on the urban drainage is added on the basis of the traditional drainage system. As a reliable idea to solve the sponge bottom problem with weak urban drainage function, the feasibility of this idea is proved theoretically.
Intravitreal Brolucizumab for Choroidal Neovascularization Associated to Angioid Streaks
Authors: Chakraborty Somnath , Sheth Jay Umed
Published: July 2022

A 44-year-old-female with angioid streak- (AS-) associated choroidal-neovascularization (CNV) was treated with one dose of intravitreal brolucizumab (IB). At one-month, the patient’s visual acuity (VA) improved from 20/120 to 20/40 with a dry macula on spectral-domain optical-coherence tomography (SD-OCT). After observation, the VA improved further to 20/32 with absence of any fluid on the SD-OCT at three months. No ocular or systemic adverse events were noted. In conclusion, intravitreal brolucizumab (IB) is an efficacious and safe therapeutic option for the management of CNV secondary to AS. Further prospective studies with a larger sample size, varied therapeutic regimens, and longer follow-up period are needed to corroborate our findings.
Clinical Effect of Nursing Based on the Kano Model in Emergency Multiple Injuries
Authors: Lin Fumei , Chen Qingqin , Lin Minxia , He Aihui , Chen Huajuan , Chen Ying , Chen Hua , He Wenchen , Hu Yuanzhen , Wang Jie , Lin Xuehong , Wang Xiaomei
Published: July 2022

Multiple injury refers to the injury of two or more anatomical parts of the body caused by mechanical injury factors. Even if only one injury exists alone, it can endanger limbs or lives. Therefore, nursing plays an important role in its treatment. Here, we investigated the application and clinical effect of nursing based on the Kano model in emergency multiple injuries. A case-control study was designed, where 48 patients with multiple injuries in the emergency department were divided into the control group to perform routine care and 48 patients were divided into the study group to carry on nursing based on the Kano model. The first-aid indexes, success rate of rescue, inflammatory response indicators, satisfaction rate of nursing, incidence of adverse events, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. A monofactor analysis showed that the emergency response time, admission time, and emergency department rescue time were shorter in the study group than those in the control group, indicating a higher success rate of rescue with nursing based on the Kano model. For the immunity of patients, the scores of mental states and the serum levels of inflammatory factors were lower in the study group than those in the control group. In addition, the rate of nursing satisfaction and good prognosis in the study group was significantly higher than those in the control group, and the incidence of adverse events was significantly lower than that in the control group. These results indicated that nursing based on the Kano model in patients with emergency multiple injuries can reduce the body inflammatory reaction, reduce the risk of adverse events, improve the prognosis of patients, and obtain high patient satisfaction.
Economic Order Quantity Model-Based Optimized Fuzzy Nonlinear Dynamic Mathematical Schemes
Authors: Kalaichelvan Kalaiarasi , Kausar Nasreen , Kousar Sajida , Karaca Yeliz , Pamucar Dragan , Salman Mohammed Abdullah
Published: July 2022

Fuzzy mathematics-informed methods are beneficial in cases when observations display uncertainty and volatility since it is of vital importance to make predictions about the future considering the stages of interpreting, planning, and strategy building. It is possible to realize this aim through accurate, reliable, and realistic data and information analysis, emerging from past to present time. The principal expenditures are treated as fuzzy numbers in this article, which includes a blurry categorial prototype with pattern-diverse stipulation and collapse with salvation worth. Multiple parameters such as a shortage, ordering, and degrading cost are not fixed in nature due to uncertainty in the marketplace. Obtaining an accurate estimate of such expenditures is challenging. Accordingly, in this research, we develop an adaptive and integrative economic order quantity model with a fuzzy method and present an appropriate structure to manage such uncertain parameters, boosting the inventory system’s exactness, and computing efficiency. The major goal of the study was to assess a set of changes to the company current inventory processes that allowed an achievement in its inventory costs optimization and system development in optimizing inventory costs for better control and monitoring. The approach of graded mean integration is used to determine the most efficient actual solution. The evidence-based model is illustrated with the help of appropriate numerical and sensitivity analysis through the related visual graphical depictions. The proposed method in our study aims at investigating the economic order quantity (EOQ), as the optimal order quantity, which is significant in inventory management to minimize the total costs related to ordering, receiving, and holding inventory in the dynamic domains with nonlinear features of the complex dynamic and nonlinear systems as well as structures.
The Clinical Application of Combined Ultrasound, Mammography, and Tumor Markers in Screening Breast Cancer among High-Risk Women
Authors: Sun Lin , Qi Min , Cui Xiaomei , Song Qinghua
Published: July 2022

In order to explore the clinical application value of color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS), mammography (MAM), and serum tumor marker carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153) in screening breast cancer (BC) for high-risk women, a total of 38,241 women were surveyed by epidemiological questionnaire on BC high-risk factors. A total of 10,821 cases were screened, accounting for 28.30%. They were randomly divided into US, MAM, and CA153 and combined examination group which has no significant difference in high-risk factors. Breast cancer in high-risk population was screened by CDUS, MAM, and CA153 and combined examination. CA153 was detected by electroluminescence method. The positive detection rate of BC was 360.41/100,000 (39/10,821). The overall difference in the positive detection rate of BC among 10,821 cases in all age groups was statistically significant. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of combined examination were significantly improved compared with each single examination. Combined examination for BC screening can significantly improve the sensitivity of BC early diagnosis and reduce the missed diagnosis rate.
Intestinal Transit in Early Moderate Parkinson’s Disease Correlates with Probable RBD: Subclinical Esophageal Dysmotility Does Not Correlate
Authors: Skjærbæk Casper , Knudsen Karoline , Kinnerup Martin , Hansen Kim Vang , Borghammer Per
Published: July 2022

Background. Nonmotor symptoms, including constipation and dysphagia, are very common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Lewy pathology is widespread in the gastrointestinal tract, particularly in the lower esophagus. Constipation and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) may present prior to clinical diagnosis. Yet, little is known about esophageal dysfunction and its connection to constipation in early PD. Objective. This study aimed to investigate esophageal and colonic transit in early moderate PD and to study correlations between symptoms and objective measures. Methods. Thirty early moderate PD patients and 28 healthy controls (HC) were included in this cross-sectional study. Esophageal transit times were determined by esophageal scintigraphy and colonic transit times by CT after radio-opaque marker ingestion. Olfaction tests, clinical evaluation, and nonmotor questionnaires were also performed. Results. Distal esophageal transit times and colonic transit times were both significantly prolonged in the PD group compared to HC (

p
<
0.05

and

p
<
0.01

, respectively) and a moderate-strong positive correlation was found between colonic transit time (CTT) and RBDSQ score (r = 0.61,

p
<
0.001

). Significant correlations were also found between CTT and SCOPA-AUT scores as well as between CTT and ROME III functional constipation scores. Conclusion. Colonic transit correlates with probable RBD and is more severely prolonged in early moderate PD than is the distal esophageal transit time.
Efficacy and Safety of a Botanical Formula Fuzheng Huayu for Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients with CHC: Results of a Phase 2 Clinical Trial
Authors: Hassanein Tarek , Tai Dean , Liu Chenghai , Box Terry D. , Tong Myron J. , Rossaro Lorenzo , Pozza Renee , Glenn Jeffrey S. , Cheung Ramsey , Hemaidan Ammar , He Yingchun , Behling Cynthia , Hu Xiqi , Makhlouf Hala , Fan Haina , Ren Yayun , Khim Chng Elaine Lay , Liu Ping , Vierling John M.
Published: July 2022

Background. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common cause of progressive hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Despite the availability of effective direct-acting antivirals, patients often have significant hepatic fibrosis at the time of diagnosis due to delay in diagnosis and comorbidities which promote fibrogenesis. Thus, antifibrotic agents represent an attractive adjunctive therapy. Fuzheng Huayu (FZHY), a traditional Chinese medicine botanical formulation, has been used as an antifibrotic agent in chronic HBV infection. Our aim was to assess FZHY in patients with HCV infection and active viremia. Method. We randomized 118 patients with active viremia from 8 liver centers in the U.S. to receive oral FZHY (n = 59) or placebo (n = 59) for 48 weeks. Efficacy was assessed by histopathologic changes at the end of therapy. A subset of biopsies was further analyzed using qFibrosis to detect subtle changes in fibrosis in different zones of the hepatic lobules. Results. FZHY was well tolerated and safe. Patients with baseline Ishak fibrosis stages F3 and F4 had better response rates to FZHY than patients with baseline F0–F2 (

p
=
0.03

). qFibrosis zonal analysis showed significant improvement in fibrosis in all zones in patients with regression of the fibrosis stage. Conclusions. FZHY produced antifibrotic effects in patients with baseline Ishak F3 and F4 fibrosis stages. Reduction in fibrosis severity was zonal and correlated with the severity of inflammation. Based on its tolerability, safety, and efficacy, FZHY should be further investigated as a therapy in chronic liver diseases because of its dual anti-inflammatory and antiibrotic properties. Lay Summary. This is the first US-based, multicenter and placebo-controlled clinical trial that shows statistically significant reduction in fibrosis in patients with active HCV using an antifibrotic botanical formula. This has important implications as there is an immediate need for effective antifibrotic agents in treating many chronic diseases including NASH that lead to scarring of the liver. With artificial intelligence-based methodology, qFibrosis, we may provide a more reliable way to assess the FZHY as a therapy in chronic liver diseases because of its dual anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties.
Deciphering the Metabolomics-Based Intervention of Yanghe Decoction on Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Zhang Xing , Chen Dexuan , Xu Kun , Ma Zhaoqun
Published: July 2022

Background. Yanghe decoction is a famous formula consisting of Rehmannia, deer horn gum, cinnamon, rue, Ephedra, ginger charcoal, and licorice. However, few studies have explored the role of the potential mechanism of Yanghe decoction in the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis by metabolomics. Methods. Nine mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group (group C), model group (group M), and drug administration group (group T), with three mice in each group. Mice in groups M and T were established as models of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and group T was treated with Yanghe decoction. The metabolome of plasma samples from each group of mice was determined using mass spectrometry coupled with high-performance liquid and gas phases, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Based on the three assays, principal component analysis was performed on all samples, as well as orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis and differential metabolite molecules for groups M and T. Subsequently, pathway enrichment analysis was performed, and the intersection was taken for the differential metabolites screened in the M and T groups. The levels of inflammatory factors IL-35 and IL-6 within the serum of each group of mice were detected. Results. The difference analysis showed that a total of 38 differential metabolites were screened based on mass spectrometry coupled with the high-performance liquid phase, 120 differential metabolites were screened based on mass spectrometry coupled with gas phase, and a total of α-glucose and β-glucose were the differential metabolites analyzed based on NMR test results. The pathways enriched by the differential metabolites in the M and T groups were intersected, and a total of 5 common pathways were obtained (amino acid tRNA biosynthesis, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism). The results also showed a significant decrease in the serum inflammatory factor IL-35 and a significant increase in IL-6 in mice from group M compared with group C, while a significant increase in the serum inflammatory factor IL-35 and a significant decrease in IL-6 in mice from group T compared with group M. Conclusion. Our study reveals the metabolites as well as a metabolic network that can be altered by Yanghe decoction treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and shows that Yanghe decoction can effectively reduce the level of inflammatory factors in Hashimoto’s thyroid.
Preparation of PCL Electrospun Fibers Loaded with Cisplatin and Their Potential Application for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mills Hilla , Acquah Ronald , Tang Nova , Cheung Luke , Klenk Susanne , Glassen Ronald , Pirson Magali , Albert Alain , Hoang Duong Trinh , Van Thang Nguyen
Published: July 2022

Prostate cancer is a global fatal type of cancer. It is a type of cancer that affect men. Signs and symptoms of the disease include blood in the urine, pain when one micturates, and difficulties in penis erection. Cisplatin chemotherapy is a principal treatment normally given to the prostate cancer patients. Nonetheless, on its own, cisplatin loses efficacy once administered due to liver pass effects and other biochemical attacks. In this paper, we looked at preparation of PCL nanoparticles loaded with cisplatin and their potential for the treatment of prostate cancer. PCL nanoparticles protect cisplatin from biochemical attack, thus increasing drug efficacy. Incorporation of P-glycoprotein inhibitors in PCL nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with cisplatin could improve prostate cancer treatment even more.
Potential Effects of Delay on the Stability of a Class of Impulsive Neural Networks
Authors: Zhan Nan , Wu Ailong
Published: July 2022

Aiming at the interference of the delay term in continuous dynamics to the impulsive systems, we study the potential effects of time delay on the stability of a class of impulsive neural networks (INNs) in this paper. Two cases of delay are considered. For the case of small delay, a sufficient condition for the stability of delayed INNs is obtained by virtue of the average impulsive interval (AII) method. The derived results illustrate that within limits, the convergence rate of the system becomes larger with the increase of time delay. For another case, a strict comparison principle is proposed to prove that the impulsive system still maintains the original stability for any large but bounded delay under certain conditions. In particular, as an extension, the stability of delayed INNs for hybrid impulses containing both stabilizing and destabilizing impulses is also discussed. Finally, three examples are simulated to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical results.
Effect of Intelligent Navigation Control-Assisted Running on Promoting the Mental Health of College Students
Authors: Jiang Yan , Peng Jinghan , Wan Yi
Published: July 2022

Psychological wellness is a significant piece of the cutting edge idea of well-being, and a decent degree of emotional well-being is the assurance for understudies to study and live. The purpose of this paper is to study how to promote college students to form a good view of health and establish a healthy, civilized, and scientific way of life. This paper proposes the use of intelligent navigation control to assist running to promote the mental health of college students and proposes methods of intelligent navigation control to assist running. The experimental results in this paper show that

E

three
−
dimensional feeling

 = 10.13,

E

action response time

 = 4.12, and

E

sense of balance

 = 3.35. It can be seen that the mental health indicators of college students after practice are better than those before practice.
Deep Neural Networks for Optimal Selection of Features Related to Flu
Authors: Tarakeswara Rao B. , Lakshmana Kumar V.N. , Padmapriya D. , Pant Kumud , B Tejaswini , Alonazi Wadi B. , Almutairi Khalid M. A. , D.Raj  , Ramesh Shahabadkar
Published: July 2022

In recent times, humans who have been exposed to influenza A viruses (IAV) may not become hostile. Despite the fact that KLRD1 has been discovered as an influenza susceptibility biomarker, it remains to be seen if pre-exposure host gene expression can predict flu symptoms. In this paper, we enable the examination of flu using deep neural networks from input human gene expression datasets with various subtype viruses. This study enables the utilization of these datasets to forecast the spread of flu and can provide the necessary steps to eradicate the flu. The simulation is conducted to test the efficiency of the model in predicting the spread against various input datasets. The results of the simulation show that the proposed method offers a better prediction ability of 2.98% more than other existing methods in finding the spread of flu.
Biomechanics of Volleyball Players’ Run-Up and Take-Off Link under Deep Learning
Authors: Hu Lejun , Liu Lantao , Zhao Kai
Published: July 2022

In volleyball, the correct approach and start (including the number of steps and stride speed) are a prerequisite for all technical movements to attack. It can not only improve the horizontal speed of the athlete, but also properly convert the total speed into vertical speed, so that the hitting point is improved and the ball speed is accelerated. To explore the biomechanical characteristics of lower limb movements in the run-up and take-off stage of volleyball spiking, this paper takes four male volleyball players from the Physical Education College of X University as the research objects to analyze the kinematics and dynamics of the run-up process and the take-off process. This paper uses the precise recognition method under the background of deep learning to accurately capture the movements of the research object. This paper discusses the effects of time, speed, distance, knee, and hip parameters (angle, joint muscle torque, and power) on the effect of spiking techniques. It is expected to provide reference for the diagnosis, guidance, and muscle strength training of this special technical movement. The  research results show that the horizontal speed of No. 2 athlete is 3.62 m/s and the vertical speed is 2.71 m/s when he takes off. The  landing time is 0.375 s and the lift-off time is 0.16 s. The torque and power of the knee joint changed greatly during the take-off process, and the change of the hip joint was small.
Blockchain-Based Optimization Model for Evaluating Psychological Mental Disease and Mental Fitness
Authors: Prasad Jayashree Rajesh , Athawale Shashikant V. , Raut Roshani , Patil Sonali , Bhandari Sheetal U. , Shah Mohd Asif
Published: July 2022

The current work describes a blockchain-based optimization approach that mimics the psychological mental illness evaluation procedure and evaluates mental fitness. Combining lightweight models with blockchains can give a variety of benefits in the healthcare business. This study aims to offer an improved review and learning optimization technique (SPLBO) based on the social psychology theory to overcome the biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm’s shortcomings of low optimization accuracy and instability. It also creates high-accuracy solutions in recognized domains quickly. To retain student individuality, students can be divided into two groups: Human psychological variables are incorporated in the algorithm’s improvement: in the “teaching” step of the original BBO algorithm; the “expectation effect” theory of social psychology is combined: “field-independent” and “field-dependent” cognitive styles. As a consequence, low-weight deep neural networks have been designed in such a manner that they require fewer resources for optimal design while also improving quality. A responsive student update component is also introduced to duplicate the effect of the environment on students’ learning efficiency, increase the method’s global search capabilities, and avoid the problem of falling into a local optimum in the first repetition.
Labor Analgesia in Brugada Syndrome and the Importance of Contingency Planning
Authors: Mena Shayla , Costa Ana , DeLemos Michelle , Schabel Joy , Factor Morgane
Published: July 2022

Brugada syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder that affects cardiac sodium channels and predisposes patients to an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Obstetric anesthesia management in patients with Brugada syndrome poses a challenge due to the prevalence of local anesthetic use for labor analgesia or cesarean section. However, central neuraxial techniques and local anesthetics have been used safely in parturients with this syndrome and may be offered to patients during preadmission counseling. We present the case of a primigravida who opted for further labor analgesia via a combined spinal-epidural technique. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a lidocaine infusion administered via an epidural catheter to a laboring parturient with Brugada syndrome. We further discuss the use of local anesthetics, other medications, and central neuraxial techniques in those with Brugada syndrome to assist anesthesiologists caring for expectant mothers.
Industrial Internet of Things Model Driven by Particle Filter and Network Communication Technology
Authors: Liu Jianlan
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a better particle filter algorithm is put forth to address the issues of particle filter sample exhaustion and weight degradation. The algorithm frames the received signal and separates the signals in two steps based on the slow-varying properties of system parameters in practical applications, such as phase shift and transmission delay. In addition, the network model and energy consumption model are built while the sensor data is being collected and processed using the industrial IoT’s communication mechanism and algorithm. The repeater is chosen as the node with the lowest transmission energy consumption, and the industrial field’s sensor data is gathered via the fog server node. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm’s accuracy rate is 95.54 percent, higher than that of the comparison algorithm. The enhanced algorithm suggested in this paper can simultaneously achieve improved parameter estimation performance and achieve signal separation with low bit error rates. Additionally, the communication system and algorithm can efficiently gather the sensing information from the industrial field, and the indicators like energy consumption and the first dead node are better than other algorithms. It offers an innovative method for enhancing industrial field application.
A Novel Ensemble Stacking Learning Algorithm for Parkinson’s Disease Prediction
Authors: Velmurugan T. , Dhinakaran J.
Published: July 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a central sensory system illness that causes tremors and impairs mobility. Unfortunately, the identification of PD in the early stage is a challenging task. According to earlier studies, around 90 percent of persons with PD have some variety of vocal abnormality. A number of measures are available to identify Parkinson’s disease. As a result, voice estimations can be utilized to identify the state of impacted persons. This research presents a novel method called as an ensemble stacking learning algorithm (ESLA), a classifier for identifying Parkinson’s disease on the collected data set from the healthy people. To calculate the performance, the proposed ensemble method is compared with other existing techniques and finds the improved classification ability of this proposed method. It is exhibited that the proposed method for PD patients creates the most reliable outcomes and accomplishes the highest accuracy. This ensemble approach is implemented as different stacked models using various classifiers such as random forest (RF), XGBoost (extreme gradient boost), linear regression, AdaBoost (AB), and multilayer perceptron (MLP), and an analysis on the level of accuracy achieved through prediction is done. Finally, the performance of the proposed method among the chosen algorithms is suggested for the prediction of disease compared with other algorithms.
The Impact of Digitization on Green Innovation Performance: Evidence Based on Panel Data of 228 Prefectural‐Level Cities in China
Authors: Jia Lijiang , Hu Xiaoli , Zhao Zhongwei , Zhou Tianze , Liu Weiming , He Bin
Published: July 2022

At present, in the context of the era of energy and digital reform enabling the “dual carbon” goal, in order to improve the performance of urban green innovation, digitalization has become more and more important. Based on panel data, taking 228 prefecture‐level cities in China from 2003 to 2019 as an example, this study expounds three dimensions of promoting green innovation performance in the internal mechanism of digital development: direct transmission mechanism, indirect transmission mechanism, and regional heterogeneity transmission mechanism. This article uses mechanism analysis and adopts a dynamic spatial panel model and systematic GMM method to empirically test the growth effect of green innovation performance endowed by digitization. This article found that green innovation performance showed regional heterogeneity and urban heterogeneity after adding carbon dioxide emissions from energy consumption, and digital development significantly improved the level of innovation performance. Further research found that digitalization has a positive impact on technological innovation, and technological innovation also has a positive impact on green innovation performance. And technological innovation plays a mediating role between digitalization and green innovation performance. Different intensities of environmental regulation play a positive moderating role in the impact of digitalization on green innovation performance.
Design and Implementation of Trace Inspection System Based upon Hyperspectral Imaging Technology
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Ji Zhongyuan
Published: July 2022

Trace inspection is a key technology for collecting crime scenes in the criminal investigation department. A lot of information can be obtained by restoring and analyzing the remaining traces on the scene. However, with the development of digital technology, digital trace inspection has become more and more popular. So, the main research of this article is the design and realization of the trace inspection system based on hyperspectral imaging technology. This article proposes nondestructive testing technology in hyperspectral imaging technology. Combining basic principles of spectroscopy and the image of residual traces such as car tires, shoe soles, and blood stains, it can identify the key traces. Then, based on the image denoising and least squares support vector machine method, this study improves the accuracy and restoration of the image. Therefore, this study designs a test for the trace inspection system for testing hyperspectral imaging technology. The test items include the performance of the trace inspection system, the noise reduction of the trace inspection system, and the ability of the trace inspection system to inspect blood stains. The final collected data are improved to get the trace inspection system based on hyperspectral imaging technology proposed in this study. Compared with the traditional trace inspection system, the experimental results show that the trace inspection system based on hyperspectral imaging technology can improve the accuracy by 5%–28%, compared with the traditional trace inspection system. The image restoration degree of the hyperspectral imaging technology trace inspection system can be improved by 1%–19%, compared with the traditional trace inspection system.
An IoV-PBFT Consensus-Based Blockchain for Collaborative Congestion Avoidance and Simulation Test
Authors: Li Cheng , Wu Hao , Xiong Lei , Lu Yunlong
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes a novel Internet of Vehicles (IoV) practical Byzantine fault tolerance (PBFT) consensus mechanism suitable for the distributed vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) scenario and the V2V collaborative congestion avoidance mechanism based on blockchain. Compared with the traditional PBFT consensus mechanism, the proposed IoV-PBFT consensus mechanism has been improved in three aspects. (1) The authenticated vehicles are divided into three types including common nodes, production nodes, and verification nodes. The vehicles in the same congestion road section are used as the consensus participation nodes, which are divided into the production node and verification node. Since the vehicles in this section are moving slowly or even stopping and the number of newly added and departing nodes are less, the identity of the previous nodes is verified before each round of consensus, which ensures the dynamic tolerance with less additional delay. (2) The verification nodes are grouped based on path loss, and the nodes with good channel quality are selected as the leader nodes. (3) The main node in traditional PBFT is omitted, and the two-stage process is used instead of the traditional three-stage process, which effectively reduces the consensus delay and communication complexity. The theoretical derivation and simulation results show that the proposed IoV-PBFT has greatly improved the V2V link quality compared with traditional PBFT, and the success ratio of links between nodes can reach more than 93%, which has met the requirements of establishing blockchain in IoV.
A Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approach for Recognizing Handwritten Digits
Authors: Sharma Ayushi , Bhardwaj Harshit , Bhardwaj Arpit , Sakalle Aditi , Acharya Divya , Ibrahim Wubshet
Published: July 2022

Optical character recognition (OCR) can be a subcategory of graphic design that involves extracting text from images or scanned documents. We have chosen to make unique handwritten digits available on the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology website for this project. The Machine Learning and Depp Learning algorithms are used in this project to measure the accuracy of handwritten displays of letters and numbers. Also, we show the classification accuracy comparison between them. The results showed that the CNN classifier achieved the highest classification accuracy of 98.83%.
Clinical, Pathologic, and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Patients with Early-Stage EGFR-Mutant NSCLC
Authors: Jung Hyun Ae , Lim Jinyeong , Choi Yoon-La , Lee Se-Hoon , Joung Je-Gun , Jeon Yeong Jeong , Choi Jae Won , Shin Sumin , Cho Jong Ho , Kim Hong Kwan , Choi Yong Soo , Zo Jae Ill , Shim Young Mog , Park Sehhoon , Sun Jong-Mu , Ahn Jin Seok , Ahn Myung-Ju , Han Joungho , Park Woong-Yang , Kim Jhingook , Park Keunchil
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

In early-stage, EGFR mutation–positive (EGFR-M+) non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), surgery remains the primary treatment, without personalized adjuvant treatments. We aimed to identify risk factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS) to suggest personalized adjuvant strategies in resected early-stage EGFR-M+ NSCLC.

Experimental Design:

From January 2008 to August 2020, a total of 2,340 patients with pathologic stage (pStage) IB–IIIA, non-squamous NSCLC underwent curative surgery. To identify clinicopathologic risk factors, 1,181 patients with pStage IB–IIIA, common EGFR-M+ NSCLC who underwent surgical resection were analyzed. To identify molecular risk factors, comprehensive genomic analysis was conducted in 56 patients with matched case–controls (pStage II and IIIA and type of EGFR mutation).

Results:

Median follow-up duration was 38.8 months (0.5–156.2). Among 1,181 patients, pStage IB, II, and IIIA comprised 577 (48.9%), 331 (28.0%), and 273 (23.1%) subjects, respectively. Median RFS was 73.5 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 62.1–84.9], 48.7 months (95% CI, 41.2–56.3), and 22.7 months (95% CI, 19.4–26.0) for pStage IB, II, and IIIA, respectively (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis of clinicopathologic risk factors, pStage, micropapillary subtype, vascular invasion, and pleural invasion, and pathologic classification by cell of origin (type II pneumocyte-like tumor cell vs. bronchial surface epithelial cell–like tumor cell) were associated with RFS. As molecular risk factors, the non-terminal respiratory unit (non-TRU) of the RNA subtype (HR, 3.49; 95% CI, 1.72–7.09; P < 0.01) and TP53 mutation (HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.24–5.04; P = 0.01) were associated with poor RFS independent of pStage II or IIIA. Among the patients with recurrence, progression-free survival of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in those with the Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Catalytic Polypeptide-like (APOBEC) mutation signature was inferior compared with that of patients without this signature (8.6 vs. 28.8 months; HR, 4.16; 95% CI, 1.28–13.46; P = 0.02).

Conclusions:

The low-risk group with TRU subtype and TP53 wild-type without clinicopathologic risk factors might not need adjuvant EGFR-TKIs. In the high-risk group, with non-TRU subtype and/or TP 53 mutation, or clinicopathologic risk factors, a novel adjuvant strategy of EGFR-TKI with others, e.g., chemotherapy or antiangiogenic agents needs to be investigated. Given the poor outcome to EGFR-TKIs after recurrence in patients with the APOBEC mutation signature, an alternative adjuvant strategy might be needed.
circ_0041732 Promotes Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Ye Guolin , He Suqun , Pan Ruilin , Zhu Lewei , Zhou Dan , Cai Genxi , Chen Peixian
Published: July 2022

Breast cancer is quite a prevalent cancer worldwide, and it is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among female populations worldwide. Increasingly more efforts have been made in exploration of circular RNA functions in various malignancies. In this study, the primary target was to verify the putative influences of circ_0041732 on breast cancer progression and the corresponding regulatory mechanism. In addition to measurement of RNAs and proteins, functional assays were done to examine the changes in cell proliferation and cell cycle, and the potential association among genes was investigated by mechanism assays. According to experimental results, significant upregulation of circ_0041732 was confirmed in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. E2F4 was proved to transcriptionally modulate circ_0041732. Moreover, circ_0041732 was validated to accelerate breast cancer cell proliferation and impede G2–M arrest and cell apoptosis, and the oncogenic role of circ_0041732 in breast cancer was further verified via in vivo experiments. circ_0041732 could sponge miR-541-3p to enhance expression levels of RelA and GLI4, thus activating NFκB and Hedgehog pathways and affecting breast cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. In all, E2F4-mediated circ_0041732 could activate RelA/NFκB and GLI4/Hedgehog signaling pathways via modulation on miR-541-3p/RelA/GLI4 to promote breast cancer progression.

Implications:

E2F4-mediated circ_0041732 upregulation resulted in the activation of NFκB and Hedgehog pathways via sponging miR-541-3p and enhancing expression levels of RelA and GLI4, thus affecting breast cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis.
Improvements in Patient Safety Structures and Culture following Implementation of a National Public Program: An Observational Study in Three Brazilian Hospitals
Authors: Lima de Andrade Luiz Eduardo , Saturno-Hernández Pedro Jesús , Mendes de Melo Laiza Oliveira , da Silva Gama Zenewton André
Published: July 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to observe and describe the changes in the structures for patient safety (PS) and PS culture (PSC) at the level of health facilities, following the implementation of the National Patient Safety Program (NPSP). Methods: An observational, longitudinal, and descriptive study including follow-up of changes in structure and activities for PS and assessments of PSC before and 15 months after the NPSP enforcement. Three Brazilian hospitals with different management logistics participated in the study (federal public, state public, and private). PSC was measured using the AHRQ’s instrument, adapted and validated for the Brazilian context (Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture [HSOPSC]). Changes in structure and activities to improve PS were mapped against the NPSP objectives. Changes in PSC were assessed by the hospital and discussed considering a change theory based on the literature. Results: Structural changes occurred in all hospitals but at a different pace and extension. A PS unit, adoption of some PS protocols, and training on PS occurred in the three hospitals. PSC significantly improved in all facilities. Public hospitals had the worst baseline PSC but showed greater improvements. The state hospital presented few structural changes and soon had the lowest ratings of PSC. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that external regulatory initiatives can trigger, even if unevenly, actions promoting PS and relevant internal structural changes, which in turn seem to increase awareness and improvement in PSC.
Procoagulant Activity of Blood and Microvesicles Is Disturbed by Pneumococcal Pneumolysin, Which Interacts with Coagulation Factors
Authors: Oehmcke-Hecht Sonja , Maletzki Claudia , Surabhi Surabhi , Siemens Nikolai , Khaimov Valeria , John Lisa Marie , Peter Sina Mariella , Hammerschmidt Sven , Kreikemeyer Bernd
Published: July 2022

The coagulation and contact systems are parts of the innate immune system as they prevent bleeding and dissemination of pathogens and also contribute to microbial killing by inflammatory reactions and the release of antimicrobial peptides. Here, we investigated the influence of Streptococcus pneumoniae on the coagulation and contact system. S. pneumoniae (pneumococci), but no other investigated streptococcal species, impairs coagulation of blood by autolysis and release of pneumolysin. Defective blood coagulation results from the lysis of tissue factor-producing mononuclear cells and their procoagulant microvesicles, which are the main trigger for blood coagulation during sepsis. In addition, pneumolysin binds coagulation and contact system factors, but this does not result in activation. Thus, pneumococci modulate activation of the coagulation system by releasing pneumolysin, which could potentiate lung injury during pneumonia.
Association of Smartphone‐Recorded Steps Over Years and Change in Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Working‐Age Adults
Authors: Hamaya Rikuta , Mori Masaki , Miyake Kuniaki , Lee I‐Min
Published: July 2022

Background

Few data exist on long‐term steps and their relation to changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors. We aimed to examine the associations using long‐term smartphone‐recorded steps.

Methods and Results

The present analysis made use of data from 2 national databases and a commercial app database. We evaluated the associations between smartphone‐recorded daily steps over 2 years and 2‐year changes in the cardiovascular disease risk factors. A total of 15 708 participants with mean (SD) age of 44.1 (9.5) and 23.5% women were included. After adjustment for potential confounders, differences in weight were almost linearly associated with 2‐year steps in men (estimate [SE] per 1000 steps/d: −0.33 [0.029] kg), and inversely related only above 5000 steps/d in women (−0.18 [0.054] kg). An inverse linear association with systolic blood pressure was observed in men (−0.34 [0.097] mm Hg) but not in women. Greater steps were associated with change in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides (0.61 [0.068] and −3.4 [0.61] mg/dL in men; 0.64 [0.17] and −2.3 [0.67] mg/dL in women), while changes in low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol were evident in men only (−0.59 [0.17] mg/dL). A significant negative association with hemoglobin A1c was observed only in women (−0.012 [0.0043] %).

Conclusions

In a large cohort of Japanese adults, smartphone‐recorded steps over years were associated with beneficial changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors, with some differences between men and women in the associational patterns. The findings support the benefit of long‐term physical activity for cardiovascular disease health and suggest a useful role of smartphone‐recorded steps for monitoring cardiovascular disease risk over the long term.
Serum Neurofilament Light Chain in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Sjölin Karl , Aulin Julia , Wallentin Lars , Eriksson Niclas , Held Claes , Kultima Kim , Oldgren Jonas , Burman Joachim
Published: July 2022

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with stroke and MRI features of cerebral tissue damage but its impact on levels of serum neurofilament light chain (sNFL), an established biochemical marker of neuroaxonal damage, is unknown.

Methods and Results

In this observational study, sNFL was analyzed in 280 patients with AF and 280 controls without AF matched for age, sex, and diabetes status within the STABILITY (Stabilization of Atherosclerotic Plaque by Initiation of Darapladib Therapy) trial. None of the patients had a history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attack. Patients with a diagnosis of AF were divided into two groups based on if they were in AF rhythm at the time of blood sampling (AF ECG+, n=74), or not (AF ECG−, n=206). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to adjust for clinical risk factors. In patients with AF, the levels of sNFL were 15% (AF ECG+) and 10% (AF ECG−) higher than in the control group after adjustment for clinical risk factors,
P
=0.047 and 0.04, respectively. There was no association between anticoagulation treatment and sNFL levels.

Conclusions

sNFL was elevated in patients with AF compared with matched controls without AF. Ongoing AF rhythm was associated with even higher levels of sNFL than in patients with a diagnosis of AF but currently not in AF rhythm. Anticoagulation treatment did not affect sNFL levels.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00799903.
Macropsidius bogutensis (Mityaev, 1990) species group (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae: Eurymelinae: Macropsini) in Kazakhstan: taxonomy, biology, and evolution
Authors: TISHECHKIN DMITRI YU.
Published: July 2022

Illustrated descriptions of species from the Macropsidius bogutensis group from Southern Kazakhstan with data on biology, male calling signals, and distribution are provided. M. karatavicus sp. n. from Syrdaryinskiy Karatau Range is described and the synonymy M. bogutensis Mityaev, 1990 = M. zhuravlevi Mityaev, 2014, syn n. is established. Conclusions concerning the evolution of M. bogutensis species group are presented.
The Role of Anthropogenic Aerosol Forcing in the 1850–1985 Strengthening of the AMOC in CMIP6 Historical Simulations
Authors: Robson Jon , Menary Matthew B. , Sutton Rowan T. , Mecking Jenny , Gregory Jonathan M. , Jones Colin , Sinha Bablu , Stevens David P. , Wilcox Laura J.
Published: July 2022

Previous work has shown that anthropogenic aerosol (AA) forcing drives a strengthening in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) in CMIP6 historical simulations over 1850–1985, but the mechanisms have not been fully understood. Across CMIP6 models, it is shown that there is a strong correlation between surface heat loss over the subpolar North Atlantic (SPNA) and the forced strengthening of the AMOC. Despite the link to AA forcing, the AMOC response is not strongly related to the contribution of anomalous downwelling surface shortwave radiation to SPNA heat loss. Rather, the spread in AMOC response is primarily due to the spread in turbulent heat loss. We hypothesize that turbulent heat loss is larger in models with strong AA forcing because the air advected over the ocean is colder and drier, in turn because of greater AA-forced cooling over the continents upwind, especially North America. The strengthening of the AMOC also feeds back on itself positively in two distinct ways: by raising the sea surface temperature and hence further increasing turbulent heat loss in the SPNA, and by increasing the sea surface density across the SPNA due to increased northward transport of saline water. A comparison of key indices suggests that the AMOC response in models with strong AA forcing is not likely to be consistent with observations.