bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One Health and the Positive Effects of Alaskan Blueberries
Authors: F. Lembo Vincent , A. Frye Cheryl
Published: September 2021

One Health is a principle that takes into account the interactions of humans, animals, the surrounding environment, and how they affect each other. In order to examine this concept in an experimental paradigm, the effects and benefits of wild Alaskan blueberries were compared to those from the continental United States (Lower-48 states) in human and animal studies. Blueberries have been hailed as a superfood for years now due to their high antioxidant levels and the positive effects they have on cardiovascular health and overall health and well-being. We hypothesize that although they are both beneficial, wild Alaskan blueberries have a greater positive effect on health and well-being than those from the lower 48. First, teachers and staff at the Anne Wien Elementary School in Fairbanks Alaska were provided with Alaskan and Lower-48 blueberries and asked to log the effects each coded sample had on their mental and physical health compared to a 5-day control period without blueberries. There was a significant stepwise positive effect of respondents reporting higher self-ratings of well-being overall. Alaskan blueberries significantly improved self-ratings of well-being compared to those from Lower-48 blueberries, albeit those blueberries did improve well-being compared to no blueberries. This experiment was replicated at a control site contemporaneously. The following year it was also replicated by participating teachers and staff at William S. Hackett Middle School in Albany, New York, as well as a control site. Further, lab rats, whose diets were supplemented with with Alaskan blueberries, performed better in exploratory and cognitive tests than did rats whose diets were supplemented with Lower-48 blueberries (who, similar to the previous trials, performed better than rats whose diets had not been supplemented at all). These findings suggest that blueberries have an overall positive effect on self-rated wellness in people and cognitive performance in lab rats and that Alaskan blueberries have a particularly greater and more beneficial effect. Whether this is due to greater antioxidant effects associated with higher altitude or fewer endocrine-disrupting contaminants in Alaska compared to the Lower-48 States is unknown and subject to ongoing investigation.
Production of Alginate from Persian Gulf Sargassum angustifolium Seaweeds: Novel Extraction and Characterization Methods
Authors: Behfar Abdolazim , Aqajari Narges , Shushizadeh Mohammad Reza , Ramezani Zahra , Rajabzadeh Ghatrami Ebrahim
Published: September 2021

Background: Brown seaweeds contain polysaccharides, minerals, proteins, pigments, polyphenols, and fatty acids. Several of these compounds show a wide range of biological activities, such as anticoagulant, anti-tumor, antiviral, and anti-cancer effects. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the extraction, purification, and characterization of alginate from Sargassum angustifolium simultaneous with fucoidan extraction and the effect of this process on the structure and properties of alginate. Methods: The extraction of alginate from S. angustifolium was carried out using defatting with organic solvents mixture, treatment with acid-base solutions, and purification with absolute ethanol. The novel characterization of this compound was carried out by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), FT-NMR, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and florescent spectrophotometry methods. Results: The fluorescent emission of alginate showed 66.54% removal of impurities, such as phenolic compounds. The FT-IR analysis showed the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups as significant signals in the alginate structure. By analyzing the anomeric protons and other aspects of 1H-NMR, M/G ratio, FG, FM, FGG, FMM, FMG (or FGM) were determined to be 0.61, 0.62, 0.38, 0.31, 0.07, and 0.31, respectively. The intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight of alginate were 0.9 dL/g and 41.53 kDa, respectively. Conclusions: The total amount of alginate from the residual S. angustifolium was 17% of dried seaweed. The structure elucidation of alginate was performed with the FT-IR, FT-NMR, and EDX methods.
Poptávková inovační politika: Podpora elektromobility v českých regionech
Authors: Žítek Vladimír , Lelková Tereza
Published: September 2021

Innovation policy strives to support the creation and dissemination of innovation. For this purpose, it mainly uses tools that stimulate innovation supply, but in recent years, it has also increasingly implemented demand-oriented tools such as public procurement, support for private demand and regulation. The innovation policy defined in this way pursues not only economic goals but also the fulfillment of various societal challenges. Therefore, it is often associated with the promotion of environmental innovations that lead to green growth and climate change mitigation. In this context, electromobility is significantly promoted in European countries. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate the possibilities of linking cohesion policy and demand-side innovation policy, and to analyse the practical implementation of such a policy in the Czech regions. The analysis incorporates 519 projects supported through the Low Carbon Technologies programme within the OP EIC 2014-2020. More than 50% of projects were implemented in the three most populated regions, namely the South Moravian, Central Bohemian and Moravia-Silesian regions. These regions also accounted for more than half of the EU subsidy. The most frequent beneficiaries by legal form were micro and small enterprises. A significant group also consists of self-employed persons, which represented 21.8 % of beneficiaries.
What does one need to do to get database of regional resilience indicators? "Step-by-step" approach.
Authors: Ostárková Jana
Published: September 2021

The aim of the paper is to clarify the “step-by-step” approach for setting and creating the database needed for further study of resilience and thus answer the question of what needs to be done to obtain a database of regional resilience indicators.Through a systematic and comparative analysis of the literature, a comprehensive analysis of regional resilience in terms of theory and practice is performed, structural aspects of regional resilience are identified and factors corresponding to the capacity of regional resilience are presented. Based on the performed analysis and procedures, a database of 40 composite indicators was created to assess the resilience of the Czech region at the NUTS 2 level for the period 2000-2019 from the original 75 indicators based on correlation analysis, the results of which respect economic theory.
Komparácia pro-poor rastu vo vidieckych a mestských oblastiach Indonézie
Authors: Frličková Barbora
Published: September 2021

The paper analyses construction and use of a selected indicator of pro-poor growth – the rate of pro-poor growth. It further explains the interpretation of this indicator in absolute and relative terms and indicates how economic growth affects poverty and inequality. The selected indicator is applied to the example of Indonesia and compares pro-poor growth in urban and rural areas of the country, examines regional disparities in terms of pro-poor growth for the period 1996–2019. From the absolute interpretation, pro-poor growth is observed in both urban and rural areas over the whole period. In relative terms, results of pro-poor growth for the first partial period (1996–2000) differ. While there was a relative pro-poor growth in the rural areas, there was a strong pro-poor growth in the cities with a significant decline in inequality observed (incomes of poor people increased while the average income of the whole population dropped). Indonesia achieved trickle-down growth in both rural and urban areas in two remaining periods (2000–2010 and 2010–2019).
Trends in the Czech regional manufacturing
Authors: Gomez Helmuth , Antošová Gabriela
Published: September 2021

This article aims to recognize the recent trends in the regional specialization according to changes in sectoral employment. The three New Economic Geography’s (NEG) agglomerative forces, namely: low transport cost, economies of scale and relevance of footloose productive factors, have been powerful determinants guiding the location of firms, in spite of policy intervention blatantly activist intended to reverberate artificially the geography of production (such as interventionist measures during the communist regime). Although, the most recent models of geography and trade recognize a bijective interaction between NEG forces and comparative advantages, to fully explain productive specialization. This contribution interprets the trends in the Czech Manufacturing inspired by the tenets of the NEG and the analysis of regional specialization of the Czech Republic in a context of inter-territorial inequalities regarding the distribution of manufacturing activity. Methods are used by application the Kim’s Divergence Index to detect the degree of similarity or not throughout the manufacturing structure, while observing the sectoral specialization of labor. The results of the Index suggest the specific role of each individual region (NUTS2) in a national hierarchy of manufacturing tasks that also shook up the Czech integration into the international production system.
Zhodnocení veřejného výzkumu v regionech NUTS 2 v České republice
Authors: Halásková Martina , Halásková Renata
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to assess public research and development in NUTS 2 regions in the Czech Republic on the basis of selected determinants. The quantitative analysis of the selected determinants draws from data obtained in years 2011 and 2019 and applies multidimensional scaling to emphasise similarities and differences of public research in the regions. The results based on the evaluated determinants have shown a specific position of the Prague region, with the best results in public research and development in comparison to the other regions of the Czech Republic. The Central Bohemian and the Southwest regions also held a significant position in public research and development. By contrast, the Northwest region was found to be among the regions with the lowest potential for public research in both 2011 and 2019 (with the lowest volume of expenditures allocated to research and development in the public sector and the number of scientific publications per a million inhabitants). The analysis of 2019 showed a relatively low potential of public research also in the Moravian-Silesian region. The results demonstrate a different volume of public resources allocated to the financing of research and development in NUTS 2 regions in the Czech Republic, which is partially reflected
Vybrané kvalitativní aspekty lokalizačních podmínek na úrovni měst
Authors: Sucháček Jan , Urminský Jaroslav
Published: September 2021

Investment attraction constitutes one of pivotal urban activities in our country. Competition related to quality investors focusing on progressive branches and having long-term plans, is becoming increasingly severe. The objective of this paper consists in the analysis and interpretation of selected qualitative aspects of location conditions at the urban level that create spatially rather differentiated milieu for investors. From methodical standpoint, our article is based on solid questionnaire survey. This survey leans on scale questions as well as multiple-choice queries. It is striking that only a few towns utilise a system framework in case that particular investor addresses them. It is also worth noticing that there is a relatively weak preparedness of concrete areas and plots for investors.
Nelegálne zamestnávanie na Slovensku
Authors: Korenková Marcela , Maroš Milan , Levický Michal
Published: September 2021

The employer is obliged to proceed with accordance with a large number of legal norms. The act of law no. 82/2005 Collection of laws on Illegal employment is one of them. The article presented deals with the topic of illegal employment. The goal of the article is to analyse the actual situation concerning the illegal employment considering the individual regions of Slovakia based on data provided by National Labour Inspectorate, Central Office of Labour, Social Affairs and Family and Offices of Labour, Social Affairs and Family. Based on information acquired, it is possible to state, that the most violations of the prohibition of illegal employment were discovered by inspections in the Nitra, Bratislava and Košice Regions. The least number of violations of the prohibition of illegal employment discovered by the competent authorities were in the Trenčín Region. It should be in the interest of the state that the people work based on legal contracts as it is the base of financial and budgetary stability of the state in the field of taxes and levies. Because of that reason, it would be suitable to intensify the inspections in the field concerned. The improvement of the economic environment and decreasing of the tax-levy burden of employers could also help to reduce the attractivity of illegal employment to the employers.
What universities towns and cities gain from students’ retention? Evidence from Opole
Authors: Rokita-Poskart Diana
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study is to investigate the long run consequences of graduate’s retention by university towns and cities. It investigates hypothesis that the inflow of students to the university towns and cities among who dominate women, and their prosper to remain after graduation, cause surpluses of young women. The analysis presented in the article was conducted for Opole which is one of university towns in Opolskie Voivideship (region) in Poland. In the article, there were combined data applied – the results of the research was conducted in Opole among students and a range on statistic database from Opolskie Voivideship. The research has been conducted in 2016/2017 among more than 700 students of last academic years from all universities located in Opole. The data origins from Poland Statistics aggregated to the poviats of Opolskie region which are equivalent LAU-1. The most important findings proved that inflow of students to the towns and cities may create a huge demographic impact on the urban areas as some graduates remain in the university towns and cities after graduation. The most important is the fact that there are mostly younger women in working age population which affects the demographic potential of the urban area.
The needs of the segment of families with children as an important factor for adapting the tour operators´ offer
Authors: Kalábová Markéta , Petrů Zdenka , Jarošík Jakub
Published: September 2021

Families with children belong to an important segment of participants in both domestic and outbound tourism. Families with children are thus also an important segment for tour operators. Based on a questionnaire survey, the paper aimed to identify the needs of Czech families with children, factors, and preferences that influence their choice of a holiday abroad. The questionnaire survey results showed which needs the tour operators should consider when preparing an offer for this segment. Based on the evaluation of the answers in questionnaire, it was found that the most important factors in choosing a holiday for families with children are: the location of the accommodation facility, the safety of the destination and the price of the package tour. Most often, this segment selects package tours from the regular catalogue offer, as it has more choices, and buys them directly at stone branches, as there is an opportunity to get advice from sellers as competent persons. The most popular destinations are Greece, Spain and Italy, where families with children most often go on eight-day package tours. Families with children also generally prefer four-star all-inclusive hotels and prefer air travel.
Platform food-related services´ in Slovakia
Authors: Makovník Tomáš , Marčeková Radka , Kyklošová Miroslava , Pompurová Kristína
Published: September 2021

Platform economy is one of the highly discussed topics in recent years. Based on its principle, catering services are also being developed, which receive only marginal attention in the scientific literature. The aim of the article is to examine catering services on the principle of platform economy in Slovakia. In fulfilling it, we used the methods of descriptive statistics. The article presents the results that more than one-fifth of respondents do not know the platform economy at all. More than half of the respondents have already used services via digital platforms, but only 5.3% of respondents have used catering services in this way. Almost 40.0% of respondents are interested in providing catering services in Slovakia via digital platforms. The results of the survey show that for their further development, it is necessary to increase public awareness of digital platforms, intensify their promotion, improve legislative conditions, change people's mindsets and reduce the prices of these services.
Plánované vysokorychlostní železnice v České republice a hlavní konkurenční dopravní módy
Authors: Viturka Milan , Pařil Vilém
Published: September 2021

The paper deals with comparative analyses of the main competing transport modes in terms of the planned construction of high-speed rail / HSR. In the conditions of the Czech Republic, it is practically only bus transport and individual car transport (including relevant alternative types of transport). In this context, based on available data from traffic statistics, the existing traffic flows in passenger transport on the roads corresponding to the planned HSR routes are analysed. The main goal of the article is to present the results of comparative analyses of transport modes representing the most important potential competitors of the planned HSR and the subsequent synthesis of the obtained results. In accordance with the fact that the key destination is of course Prague, followed by Brno, especially their planned interconnection using HSR (assuming an adequate supply of a competitive solution) has greatest potential for shifting part of demand from bus but also from individual car transport to rail.
Tržní selhání na regionálním trhu parkování
Authors: Halámek Petr , Šauer Martin
Published: September 2021

The aim of the paper is to verify the existence of a market failure in the parking market in the city of Brno with regard to the possibility of providing public support for the construction or operation of parking garages. The paper deals with only one of the signs of market failure, which is the demonstration of imperfect competition. The existence of imperfect competition is conditioned by the dominant position on the market (market share of at least 40%). The market is defined on the basis of walking distance as a key factor for the use of a parking space and on the basis of the categorization of individual types of parking spaces (especially with regard to street parking and parking in car parks and parking garages and P + R parking). The performed analysis did not confirm the existence of imperfect competition on the parking market in the central part of the city of Brno.
Uplatnění neparametrické metody DEA při zkoumání efektivnosti obcí a měst
Authors: Jetmar Marek , Kubát Jan
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the application of data envelope analysis (DEA), in examining the efficiency of selected public services provided by municipalities and cities. The method is focused on calculating indicators for individual municipalities and groups of municipalities. When calculating the efficiency, the DEA model with variable returns to scale and superefficiency is used. The distance from the efficiency limit (data envelope) is not measured by Euclidean, as classical DEA models, but by Chebyshev distance. The analysis focuses on examining efficiency within groups of municipalities, defined according to the number of inhabitants and location in relation to development centers, but also these groups in the context of the entire data set. The created model allows to calculate the efficiency of each municipality and monitor its ranking within the given category, but also the type of municipality, administrative district or region. It then shows the practical results of the calculation of efficiency - the achieved average value on the example of schools and municipal police. The variability of the results achieved is subject to interpretation with respect to the services examined. Finally, the limits of DEA use are discussed with regard to the quality of available data and the overall appropriateness of the method for monitoring the efficiency of municipalities.
Teritoriální marketing v inovativních městech: Případová studie města graz
Authors: Klímová Viktorie , Herbočková Lucie
Published: September 2021

The paper deals with the issue of city marketing. By its nature, this topic is gaining importance worldwide, especially in the practical sphere. The aim of the article is to demonstrate the implementation of marketing activities on the example of a large city, which is considered modern, open, environmentally friendly, and at the same time well-developed. The city of Graz in Austria was chosen for this case study. For this purpose, in-depth desk research was carried out. The city of Graz does not have an explicitly defined marketing strategy, but how it wants to present itself can be deduced from the Smart city strategy. The implementation of marketing activities is entrusted primarily to the municipal company Holding Graz. The main target groups include visitors, residents and businesses. Most of the marketing activities relate to the promotion of the inner city. Graz uses modern marketing tools such as websites, social networks, influencers and events. The city company MCG Graz focuses on organizing events at seven different locations in Graz.
Infrastruktura v krajských městech České republiky z mediálního pohledu
Authors: Sucháček Jan , Koutský Jaroslav
Published: September 2021

Thematic composition of contributions in the frame of national TV coverage affects media portrayals of investigated territories. The article focuses on important categories of infrastructure, such as healthcare, education, science and transportation at the level of individual regional capitals. The objective of the paper is to analyse and assess the contributions that deal with selected parts of infrastructure and are related to the individual regional capitals in the Czech Republic. We will concentrate on the news that appeared within the programmes Události and Události, komentáře broadcasted by public Czech TV and Televizní noviny in the frame of private TV Nova news reporting. The whole issue is evaluated mainly from qualitative perspective. As it turned out, in spite of the importance of infrastructure for urban development, the national TV news reporting does not pay sufficient attention to that category at the level of individual regional capitals.
Opportunities and obstacles of EU cross-border cooperation: Current state and future perspectives
Authors: Poledníková Eva , Urminský Jaroslav
Published: September 2021

After more than 30 years of Interreg programmes implementation, citizens and local stakeholders keep facing persistent challenges on the European border land when interacting across the border. Objective of the paper is to provide an overview of opportunities and obstacles of cross-border cooperation and analyze the future perspectives and challenges of cross border regions’ development in the EU. Paper also reacts on the actual Covid-19 pandemic situation where borders in the EU are again under subject of attention. Based on the EU cross-border survey 2020, these challenges are especially of language, legal and administrative nature. To reduce undue complications in carrying out certain activities across internal EU borders, especially in the fields of services, EU regional authorities support the adoption of common mechanism and strategies as Border Focal Point or European Cross-Border Mechanism. In the next months, cross-border regions will face to challenges of economic and social recovery after the limitation of cross-border activities related to coronavirus restrictions.
Innovations in the field of inter-municipal cooperation
Authors: Tej Juraj , Vavrek Roman , Papcunová Viera
Published: September 2021

The role of local self-government is to increase the quality of life of inhabitants while respecting the principles of sustainable development and at the same time to ensure the adequacy, availability and quality of public services provided in its territory. The current structure of local self-government in the conditions of Slovakia clearly points to the differences between municipalities, which is illustrated by their different number in individual size categories, although they have the same competencies. Cities and municipalities in the conditions of Slovakia to provide original and transferred competencies mostly independently, but especially in the field of performance of the transferred state administration they enter into mutual cooperation. We evaluated the types of inter-municipal cooperation within two basic groups of inter-municipal cooperation - the traditional forms of cooperation and innovative forms of cooperation. The analysis showed that in the conditions of Slovakia, the most traditional way of inter-municipal cooperation is represented by joint municipal offices. We have also identified innovative approaches in the field of inter-municipal cooperation - such as agreement on shared services, co-ownership´s agency or the SMART cities concept. Such a new inter-municipal cooperation can thus be an important and beneficial change, which can help solve problems arising from the suboptimal size of individual municipalities.
Polycentric urban forms: The relevance of scale for metropolitan and city planning
Authors: Malý Jiří , Krejčí Tomáš
Published: September 2021

The paper deals with the importance of scale in metropolitan and urban planning, in connection with the promoted and often applied concept of polycentric development. Although the normative conceptualization of polycentricity to some extent reflects the multi-scalar dimension, the operationalization of the concept encounters a number of limitations and fuzzy meanings that result from different scales of analysis and interpretation. Using the Czech context of planning practice, the negligence of the importance of overlapping geographical scales and limits of binding spatial planning materials is documented. The dependence of polycentricity on the scale has consequences both for the analytical evaluation of the spatial situation of the settlement system and for the subsequent interpretation of the results and the setting of further development strategies.
Poradenské inštitúcie a ich význam pre prístup k znalostiam v regióne
Authors: Hrivnák Michal , Moritz Peter , Fáziková Mária , Jarábková Jana
Published: September 2021

In the 21st century, knowledge is becoming the main source of competitiveness for private sector actors, but also the main source of territorial competitiveness of regions. The development of counseling centers and counseling services is becoming a tool of public support for the productivity of actors in the regional economy, and at the same time a significant localization factor of allocation of technologically intensive firms. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the state of development of counseling for business in the conditions of Slovakia, to describe the services that counseling provides and specify the knowledge that disseminates in space, with regard to evaluating the sources of knowledge used by counseling centers for their own activities. Based on a comparison of the results, we segmented these institutions according to the framework of services provided and activities implemented.
Přeměna brownfields na zeleň: zahraniční praxe a implikace pro ČR
Authors: Schneiderová Nikola , Tonev Petr
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, in most developed countries municipalities or regions are forced to solve the problems arising from the existence of brownfields. The aim is to either return the original use to these localities or to find some new one, while variants that have direct economic effects are usually preferred - location of production, services, warehouses, residential projects, etc. Especially in the urban environment, significantly less attention is paid to the form of revitalization of brownfields referred to as urban greening; this consists in the creation of parks, public spaces, gardens, outdoor sports facilities, etc. The aim of the paper is to present this form of brownfields revitalization, its potential, strengths and weaknesses - both in theory and on the example of several case studies, and to select the factors that are crucial for its successful application in the Czech Republic. The analysis of the examined projects showed that an important prerequisite for the successful implementation and functioning of greening is thorough preparation in the field of strategic planning, the largest possible public involvement in the project preparation and planning process, close connection of brownfield revitalization to the development plan of the whole area / part of the city as well as good accessibility and permeability of the revitalized locality.
Posvitavská průmyslová zóna jako přetrvávající bariéra a potenciální rozvojová oblast
Authors: Neumannová Michaela
Published: September 2021

Urban policies of the brownfields regeneration process constitute an actual topic and they are the subject of intense debate. These are often abandoned, possibly even contaminated and unused buildings, which must first be regenerated in order to be reused. The emergence of existing brownfields was the result of social and economic changes in the 1990s, which are associated with the gradual abandonment of buildings after former industrial activity. This paper deals specifically with the Svitava industrial zone located in the second largest city of the Czech Republic in the city of Brno. The goal of this paper is to present the Svitava industrial zone as a persistent barrier and at the same time a potential development area, moreover the aim is to analyze the brownfields located in this area. The analysis shows that in the area defined from the Brno-Maloměřice and Obřany district to the south along Masná street, there are thirty-one registered brownfields after the former predominantly industrial activity. These are neglected places, which represent barriers to further development but are also potential development areas that the private investors are interested of.
Regional development promotion: The case of three Nordic innovation agencies
Authors: Lelková Tereza , Klímová Viktorie
Published: September 2021

The paper deals with approaches to support innovation in regions in terms of different functional models of innovation agencies. Attention is focused on national and hybrid innovation agencies that support innovation to address societal challenges in regions. Agencies with this modern approach can be found mainly in the Nordic countries, therefore, we chose innovation agencies in Sweden, Norway and Finland for our research. The aim of this paper is to identify and compare approaches to regional development support of the Nordic national innovation agencies, emphasizing the challenge-oriented side of the measures. As the main research method, three case studies are used to demonstrate the influence of these agencies on regional actors. Each case study provides information on the basic organisation of the agency and the selected programme it implements. The key to selecting the programmes was their regional dimension and an application of a mission-oriented approach. Although all these agencies are generally considered successful and inspiring for other countries, our research has shown that they partially differ in their approach to regional development. For innovation agencies in other countries, the emphasis on the mission-oriented approach can be particularly inspiring. We found differences in the regional activities, establishment of regional offices, overall responsibility of the agency, main topics of interest and approach to mission-oriented policy.
Dopady společné zemědělské politiky EU na české zemědělce v období 2014–2020
Authors: Stromská Eliška , Tóthová Dominika , Melichová Katarína
Published: September 2021

The implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU in the Czech Republic brought many changes in the functioning and financing of agriculture in the Czech Republic with political, economic, and social impacts and many challenges and threats for Czech farmers. Since the Czech Republic acceded to the EU, the Common Agricultural Policy has been reformed several times. The aim of the article is to evaluate the impact of the Common Agricultural Policy on Czech farmers in 2014–2020. The evaluation is based on a qualitative survey among selected farmers in the Moravian-Silesian and Olomouc regions. The research results show that enterprises positively evaluate financial stability and the overall protection of the agricultural sector. Support for the diversification of agriculture and support for the investment was also highlighted. On the contrary, the administrative burden, great emphasis on cross compliance rules, differences in the payments in EU countries, reducing the competitiveness of Czech agriculture and unfavourable conditions for livestock farmers were assessed negatively.
Význam komunít pre činnosť miestnych rozvojových iniciatív: prípadová štúdia top down a bottom-up aktérov v meste Nitra
Authors: Roháčiková Oľga , Moritz Peter , Hrivnák Michal , Melichová Katarína
Published: September 2021

Various spatial actors can reduce costs, raise efficiency of activities and contribute to the social development of the territory also through the own community. A community is a fellowship of citizens or other spatial actors who are united by a common interest in relation to a space in which they want to contribute to a certain socio-economic change. Community initiatives are, in essence, found mainly on the bottom-up principle, from the initiative of local actors who are interested in meeting their needs together with other individuals or entities. Similarly, in some cases also top-down institutions in local development utilize membership base, or partnership to achieve its goals. The aim of this paper is to shed a light on the importance of community development, to demonstrate the importance of active communities for the development of local society and economy through case studies of model examples of good practice. In this paper, we compare a selected community initiative in local development established according to law (top-down), and due the activity and enthusiasm of local people (bottom-up). The results hypothesize that bottom-up community initiatives may grow faster and provide wider benefits to the institution's activities, but are less stable and do not provide a strong basis for the long-term sustainability of community initiative funding.
Digitalizace jako předpoklad regionální konkurenceschopnosti? Analýza disparit na příkladu ČR
Authors: Kouřilová Jana , Kubíková Martina , Pělucha Martin
Published: September 2021

The paper focuses on regional competitiveness in relation to the level of digitization putted by the Regional Digitization Index (RDI), which was created by the authors of this paper. This index is inspired by the internationally recognized Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI), which compares the level of the digital economy of the EU member states. However, it does not enable to identify interregional disparities in the process of the territory digitization. The aim of the paper is to compare regional competitiveness, determined by the Regional Competitiveness Index (RCI), and the level of digitization expressed by the Regional Digitization Index. The research question is whether a higher RDI value implies a higher RCI level. The emphasis is given especially on regions defined according to the EUROSTAT methodology (2018) as predominantly rural, i.e., Plzeňský, Jihočeský, Vysočina and Pardubický regions. The results, except for the Capital City of Prague, do not confirm this implication, especially if we focus on predominantly rural regions. According to the RCI, Plzeňský and Vysočina regions belong to the regions with high dynamics of development and Pardubický and Jihočeský regions to the regions with average dynamics of development. According to the RDI, Pardubický, Vysočina and Jihočeský regions rank among regions with lower dynamics of digital development and the Plzeňský region falls into the "worst" group of regions with problematic development of digitization.
PROPERTIES OF THE RECENTLY DISCOVERED ECLIPSING BINARY GSC 03421-01402
Authors: Lloyd, Christopher , Screech, James
Published: September 2021

GSC 03421-01402 is a low-amplitude eclipsing binary with a period of 7.6800475(44) d. The eclipsing binary is one component of a close pair identified in the Gaia EDR3 data with ∆G = 0.m45. The light-curve suggests that the primary eclipse is total with an observed depth of 0.m13, but due to dilution the true depth could be ∼ 0.23 or 0.37 mag. A weak, 0.02 mag, secondary eclipse is seen displaced slightly to phase 0.491. The system is probably a detached Algol-type eclipsing binary dominated by a mid G-type primary, but until the uncertainties in the relative magnitudes and distance are resolved much remains in doubt.
Análisis de las desventajas socio-habitacionales: el caso de los barrios del Zaidín (Granada) y Cerro del Águila (Sevilla)
Authors: Egea Jiménez Carmen , Nieto Calmaestra José Antonio , del Valle Ramos Carolina
Published: September 2021

La investigación trata sobre dos barrios de dos ciudades andaluzas (Zaidín, Granada y Cerro del Águila, Sevilla) que presentan rasgos urbanos similares: un origen obrero, una localización periférica en la ciudad y cierta complejidad interna en su configuración urbanística y social. El objetivo es analizar esa complejidad bajo la premisa de que las desigualdades tienen múltiples caras marcadas por las desventajas socio-habitacionales en las que se encuentran sus habitantes. Así, el mismo concepto de desigualdad y otros como desventajas son conceptos complejos de analizar.La información utilizada es la del Catastro de Urbana, los Censos de Población y Viviendas (1991, 2001 y 2011), el Padrón de Habitantes, Renta Familiar y la Encuesta sobre Condiciones Sociales y Habitacionales de la Población en las Grandes Ciudades de Andalucía (2015); así como los resultados de dos proyectos previos sobre las condiciones socio-habitacionales de la población en Andalucía.

The research is about two neighborhoods in two Andalusian cities (Zaidín, Granada and Cerro del Águila, Sevilla) that have similar urban features: a worker's origin, a peripheral location and some internal complexity in its urban and social configuration. The objective is to analyze this complexity under the premise that inequalities have multiple faces marked by the socio-housing disadvantages in which their inhabitants are. Thus, the same concept of inequality and others as disadvantages are complex concepts to analyze.The information used for the analysis comes from several sources: Urban Cadastre, Population and Housing Censuses (1991, 2001 and 2011), Population List, Family Income and the Survey on Social and Housing Conditions of the Population in the Big Cities of Andalusia (2015); as well as the results of two previous projects on the socio-housing conditions of the population in this region.
Urbanização de favelas: impacto das interrupções na vida de seus moradores
Authors: Souza Cintia S. , Samora Patricia R.
Published: September 2021

A pesquisa averigua as constantes interrupções na implementação de programas habitacionais e urbanos e como essas descontinuidades afetam a realidade da população. Observa-se a ocorrência de equívocos na implementação dos empreendimentos sem considerar a qualidade e a efetividade das intervenções. A ineficiência das políticas públicas cria no imaginário dos mais pobres a ilusão de que é possível conquistar a moradia por seus próprios meios, particularizando uma questão que não pode ser equacionada sem o comprometimento do Estado. Essa investigação tem como base a Vila Parolin, assentamento precário localizado na região central de Curitiba, Paraná. O estudo fundamenta-se em relatos de moradores, documentos oficiais dos órgãos públicos e textos teóricos. Avalia-se o impacto de ações habitacionais nos assentamentos precários, como o poder público dialoga com a população e se contribui para coibir ou fomentar a transformação desses empreendimentos em espaços de segregação urbana e vulnerabilidade social.

The research investigates the constant interruptions in the implementation of housing and urban programs and how these discontinuities affect the reality of the population. It is observed the occurrence of mistakes in the implementation of the undertakings without considering the quality and effectiveness of the interventions. The inefficiency of public policies creates in the imagination of the poorest the illusion that it is possible to win housing by their own means, particularizing an issue that cannot be solved without the commitment of the State. This investigation is based on Vila Parolin, a precarious settlement located in the central region of Curitiba, Paraná. The study is based on reports from residents, official documents from public agencies and theoretical texts. The impact of housing actions on precarious settlements is assessed, as the public power dialogues with the population and contributes to curb or promote the transformation of these enterprises into spaces of urban segregation and social vulnerability.
Tensões e interações entre corpo, arte e cidade: uma manifestação crítica dos desejos
Authors: Alves Amanda da Costa Pereira , Almeida Eneida de
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho busca compreender o meio urbano e suas relações com as questões de gênero, explorando não só o ambiente como lugar de experiência e suporte de memórias, mas também de escritura de novos usos e formas de interação capazes de permitir o reposicionamento do indivíduo e do próprio corpo. Os procedimentos metodológicos estruturam-se em três partes: na primeira, as relações entre os conceitos de identidade e lugar contam com a contribuição de Norberg-Schulz, La Cecla e Certeau; na segunda, a noção de “corpo sem órgãos”, apoia-se em Deleuze e Guattari e dialoga com Agamben, enquanto instrumento de múltiplas experiências liberto de condicionamentos sociais; e a terceira explora um estudo empírico desenvolvido no âmbito de uma disciplina da Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo cujo tema interliga arte, arquitetura e urbanismo, examinando experiências do corpo feminino inserido no espaço, tendo a produção de Valie Export como referência conceitual e poética.

This work seeks to understand the urban environment and its relations with gender issues, exploring not only the environment as a place of experience and support of memories, but also of writing new uses and different forms of interaction capable of allowing the repositioning of the individual and of the body itself. The methodological procedures are structured in three parts: in the first, the relations between the concepts of identity and place have the contribution of Norberg-Schulz and Certeau; in the second, the notion of “body without organs” is based on Deleuze and Guattari, as an instrument of multiple vital experiences freed from social conditions; and, finally, the third explores an empirical study developed under a discipline of the Undergraduate Course in Architecture and Urbanism whose theme links contemporary art, architecture and urbanism, examining experiences of the female body inserted in the architectural space, with the production of Valie Export as conceptual and poetic reference.
Diferenças socioespaciais: uma análise do contato social em praças públicas na cidade de Arapiraca-Alagoas
Authors: Santos Laini Souza , Saboya Renato
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho discute a relação entre segregação socioespacial e contato social em espaços públicos. Partiu da pergunta de pesquisa: qual a influência dos atributos morfológicos e socioeconômicos no contato social entre usuários de praças localizadas em bairros com diferenças urbanas e sociais? E tem como como objetivo investigar a influência dos aspectos morfológicos e socioeconômicos nos contatos sociais entre usuários de duas praças, situadas em condições socioespaciais distintas, na cidade de Arapiraca, no estado de Alagoas-Brasil. Para execução do estudo, utilizou-se uma abordagem multimétodos de viés quantitativo, fundamentando-se nos atributos socioespaciais de cada espaço e nas relações sociais estabelecidas a partir deles. Os resultados coletados indicaram que os arranjos socioespaciais que situam as duas praças são determinantes para o estabelecimento das relações sociais, evidenciando que a renda, uso do solo, integração e, sobretudo, a configuração, influenciam diretamente na constituição e diversidade dos contatos sociais.

This paper discusses the relationship between socio-spatial segregation and social contact in public spaces. It followed from the research question: what is the influence of morphological and socioeconomic attributes on social contact between users of squares located in neighborhoods with urban and social differences? Therefore, it aims to investigate the influence of morphological and socioeconomic aspects on social contacts between users of two squares, located in different socio-spatial conditions, in the city of Arapiraca, in the state of Alagoas-Brazil. To carry out the study, a multi-method approach with quantitative bias was used, based on the socio-spatial attributes of each space and the social relationships established from them. The results indicated that the socio-spatial arrangements that characterize the two squares are crucial for the establishment of social relations, showing that income, land use, integration and, above all, configuration, directly influence the constitution and diversity of social contacts.
Entre el hedonismo, la especulación y la necesidad: el caso del Parque Pignatelli de Zaragoza
Authors: Ruiz Cantera Laura
Published: September 2021

El objetivo principal de la presente investigación es mostrar y reflexionar sobre los intereses que se

entrecruzaron en la creación del parque Pignatelli, primer parque construido en Zaragoza, cuyo proyecto

data del año 1892. En este sentido, se puede apuntar que este espacio verde nació bajo aspiraciones y

concepciones burguesas que conjuraron intereses económicos sobre la zona, a ello sumar la necesidad de

incorporar un lugar de ocio y esparcimiento ciudadano y también, de crear una zona bucólica a emulación

de otras ciudades.

Una interdisciplinariedad que exige abarcar un mayor número de líneas de investigación, siempre apoyadas

en la consulta de fuentes documentales. De ahí, que para dar sentido de una forma coherente y completa a

este trabajo se ha precisado el estudio de un amplio compendio documental y cartográfico procedente del

Archivo y Hemeroteca Municipal de Zaragoza.

The main objective of the present research is to show and reflect on the interests that were intertwined in the

creation of the park Pignatelli, the first park built in Zaragoza, whose project dates from 1892. In this sense, it

can be pointed out that this green space was born under aspirations and bourgeois conceptions that

conjured economic interests over the area, adding to the need to incorporate a leisure place and citizenship

and also to create a bucolic area to emulate other cities.

Is an interdisciplinary study that requires to cover a greater number of lines of research, always supported by

the consultation of documentary sources. Hence, in order to give a coherent and complete sense to this

work, it has been necessary to study an extensive documentary and cartographic compendium from the

Archive and Municipal Library of Zaragoza.