bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of the UK Diplomatic Position during Preparation for Negotiations with the Emir of Afghanistan (October-November 1904)
Authors: Simonov Konstantin Viktorovich
Published: September 2021

The paper analyzes the formation of the UK diplomatic position during preparation for negotiations between Emir of Afghanistan Habibullah Khan and the representative of viceroy of India L. Dan. Politicians’ views are examined in the context of the Anglo-Afghan relations at the beginning of the XX century. The author reveals some little-known facts from the history of political confrontation between Great Britain and Afghanistan, reconstructs the events that preceded the visit of the British diplomatic mission to Kabul in October-November 1904, and herein lies scientific originality of the study. As a result, it is proved that the British foreign policy was aimed to broaden the British military presence in Afghanistan with a view to achieve full control over the country.
Arc Image in the Early Byzantine Illuminated Gospels: Symbolism, Geometry, Genesis
Authors: Suslova Raisa Anvarovna
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes symbolic meaning and architectonics of miniatures with arch motives in the early Byzantine illuminated Gospels. The paper aims to identify compositional principles, peculiarities of architectonics and symbolic meaning of such miniatures. The author proposes a hypothesis that their composition is based on mathematical principles (golden spiral (Fibonacci spiral) arranged into circle, quadrature of circle). To reveal origins of this approach, the researcher compares the Christian and antique monuments. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author tries to identify the mathematical principles by which the Byzantine painters were guided. The findings allow concluding on continuity of certain artistic techniques borrowed from antiquity and reinterpreted in the light of the Christian theology.
Borrowing as Colloqualization Source in the Modern German Language
Authors: Belyakova Olesya Pavlovna , Nefedova Lyubov Arkadyevna
Published: September 2021

The research objective is as follows: to identify borrowings role in colloqualization of the German language of the end of the XX - the beginning of the XXI century. The article examines causes of colloquialisms borrowing; the borrowed colloquialisms are analyzed taking into account diaphasic, diastratic and thematic aspects. Scientific originality of the paper involves the comprehensive approach to studying newly appeared borrowings taking into account language variability and thematic affiliation of linguistic units. The findings allow concluding that the borrowed vocabulary is scarcely represented in the German colloquial speech and basically includes the English jargonisms and hybrids containing autochthonic and borrowed elements.
Evolution of Femicide Representation in the Latin-American Mass Media: From Legitimation to Deligitimation
Authors: Gornostaeva Yulia Andreevna
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to identify strategies and means of femicide representation in the Latin-American mass media within the framework of two opposing processes - legitimation and deligitimation. Scientific originality of the study involves a comprehensive discursive-linguistic analysis of the femicide media representation in the context of legitimation and deligitimation strategies. As a result, it is shown that the Latin-American journalists guided by the government ideologies legitimate femicide using the emotional evaluation strategy which manifests itself in the use of lexical substitutes for “femicide” and euphemisms aimed to hide the problem of women’s discrimination. Using appropriate vocabulary (lexical units with the semantics “to lose one’s mind”), journalists create an image of a rapist-victim-suicider, and violence case is presented as an inevitable accident. In her turn, the woman is accused of violating certain gender stereotypes. The accusation strategy is realized by appealing to the tradition. Deligitimation of femicide is realized through implementation of the dehumanization strategy and the moral evaluation strategy: in this case, femicide is represented as violence against women and violation of their rights. To dehumanize femicide, journalists use the strategy of accusing the state, indicating striking cases of ignoring the problem and revealing attempts of law-enforcement bodies to hide real causes of female mortality.
Interpretative Space of Literary Text as Key Aspect of Content Intimization
Authors: Pechenyuk Aleksei Nikolaevich
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to reveal linguo-cognitive mechanisms of polylogic interaction of sociocultural and occasional components of interpretative space. Scientific originality of the study involves developing a quadrant model of receptive-interpretative activity taking into account nature of sociocultural information transfer into episodic memory. Common interpretative space as a collective linguo-cognitive phenomenon promotes intellectual-emotive interaction on meaning formation, meaning extension and semantization of meaning components. Variability of sociocultural memory intimization process does not affect nuclear axiological components. Accentuation of sociocultural components as the key ones presupposes reverse influence of episodic memory on common interpretative space.
Statistical Analysis of Ship Construction Terminological System Asymmetry in the English and Russian Texts
Authors: Vinogradova Ekaterina Vadimovna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of terminological asymmetry in the English-language and Russian-language ship construction terminological system at the textual level. Field-specific terms are extracted from the comparable corpora of specialised texts on ship construction compiled by the author, all the terminological units are counted. Scientific novelty lies in identifying the degree of asymmetry peculiar to the field of ship construction terminology in different languages expressed as a percentage. As a result, it is found that the English-language sources contain nearly half as much construction terminology as the Russian-language ones. In addition, the elements of terminological asymmetry that require further comparative analysis are identified.
Multi-Discursivity as Means of Intersemioticity Category Realization (by the Material of the German and American Press)
Authors: Kolomiytseva Olga Yuryevna
Published: September 2021

The paper examines multi-discursivity as a means of the intersemioticity category realization in the German and American newspaper discourse. Multi-discursivity is considered as integrity of discursive models within a single text. Special attention is paid to analysing multi-discursive models harmoniously supplementing each other in the German and American newspaper discourse. Scientific originality of the research involves the linguo-cultural approach to analysing the multi-discursivity phenomenon. This problem is poorly investigated and requires further study. The research findings are as follows: the author identifies specificity of the multi-discursivity category realization in the German and American newspaper discourse. The role of hyperlinks as a component of multimodal newspaper discourse is emphasized.
Determining Relationship between Efficiency Criteria of Foreign Language Training of Students at University and Their Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Melnichuk Marina Vladimirovna , Vasbieva Dinara Giniyatullovna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine relationship between academic achievement (AA) as an important criterion of foreign language (FL) training efficiency and the main characteristics of emotional intelligence (EI) in higher education. The article considers relevance of determining this relationship, contingent upon emotional intelligence development in a modern student as a skill of the XXI century, which is in demand in the future and an integral part of efficient FL training at the university. Scientific novelty of the work lies in identifying relationship between the main characteristics of EI and students’ AA as the main criterion of FL training process efficiency, based on a review of the Russian and foreign literature. As a result, an attempt is made to analyse relationship between students’ AA as a decisive criterion of FL training efficiency and the main characteristics of EI.
Structural-Semantic Peculiarities of Verbs of Touch in the Khanty Language
Authors: Nakhracheva Galina Leonidovna
Published: September 2021

The research objective includes developing a typology of verbs of touch in the Khanty language. The article examines semantics of the Khanty verbs of touch, reveals their word-formative potential. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author for the first time provides a semantic analysis of the Khanty verbs of touch, classifies them depending on their semantic meaning. The research findings are as follows: the author for the first time compiles a full list of the Khanty verbs of touch, analyses their compatibility, proposes their semantic classification. The concept “touch” is represented by five frames: contact of an object with another object; mutual contact; contact producing sound; contact in motion; contact resulting in object removal.
Lexical Semantic Diagram of Terminological Field “Combinatorial Linguistics”
Authors: Vlavatskaya Marina Vital'evna , Efanova Marina Andreevna
Published: September 2021

The research aims to identify the lexical semantic link between units of the terminological field of combinatorial linguistics, which studies syntagmatic relations of language units and their combinatorial potential. The article considers principles of creating a lexical semantic diagram and types of relations between its units within the field. Scientific novelty of the research lies in identifying lexical semantic relations between terms of combinatorial linguistics and in creating a lexical semantic model. As a result of the research, a lexical semantic diagram of the terminological field of combinatorial linguistics has been developed and types of relations between terms - synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy and meronymy - have been determined.
Stylistic Colouring of Socio-Political Landscape of the 1860s in I. S. Turgenev’s Novel “Smoke”
Authors: Loskutnikova Maria Borisovna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is to identify three significant circles of characters in I. S. Turgenev’s novel “Smoke”: ordinary people, revolutionary-minded public and socialites. They are depicted by the author in perception of the narrator and protagonist Litvinov in the modus spectrum of irony. Scientific novelty lies in analysing peripheral Turgenevian systematics, which has not been previously studied, i.e. principles of arranging secondary and incidental characters that are of little importance plot- and storyline-wise and stylistic features of their portrayal (on the basis of the epithet). As a result, it was found that Turgenev leaves the breakthrough solution of the “Russian issue” to Litvinov as a new hero in his artistic practice, trusting his assessment.
Truth and Inspiration: On the Nature of Literary Creativity (by the Example of J. Barnes’s Novel “Flaubert’s Parrot”)
Authors: Tolkachev Sergey Petrovich
Published: September 2021

The article considers philosophical and psychological aspects of creativity, examines the problem of reconstructing a writer’s true biography by the example of the post-modernistic Booker-shortlisted novel of the modern English writer Julian Barnes “Flaubert’s Parrot” (1984). Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher shows how the author’s metaphors of creativity and changeable truth correlate with post-modernistic poetics, which surprisingly helps to achieve truthiness effect within the psychological novel genre. As a result, it is proved that understanding the writer’s creativity requires abandoning Absolute Truth and revealing influence of Fortune on human life, in particular, on the life of the French literary classic depicted in the novel.
Content-Related and Structural-Compositional Features of B. Utizhev’s Ballad “The Song”
Authors: Khavzhokova Lyudmila Borisovna , Atlaskirova Radima Sufyanovna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is to determine the level of professional literary mastery of the ballad genre in creative work of the Kabardian poet, writer and playwright Boris Kuneevich Utizhev. The article analyses the ballad “The Song”, which is the poet’s only work in the considered genre. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that this ballad became a subject of a separate comprehensive (in terms of form and content unity) study for the first time. As a result, the researchers have identified the ballad content-related and structural-compositional features in B. Utizhev’s creative work, provided a genre characteristic of “The Song”, proved that the poetic piece is consistent with the genre stated by the author.
PERBEDAAN TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK UMUM KONVENSIONAL DAN BANK UMUM SYARIAH YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI)
Authors: Safitri Ervita , Rani Fildhzah , Yanti Darma
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan Tingkat Kesehatan pada bank umum konvensional dan bank umum syariah yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode penelitian 2014-2018. Penerapan kinerja keuangan berdasarkan metode RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, and Capital) yang telah ditentukan oleh Bank Indonesia. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah independent sample t-test. Total sampel penelitian ini adalah 6 bank (3 bank umum konvensional dan 3 bank umum syariah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan rasio LDR, CAR dan GCG tidak ada perbedaan Tingkat Kesehatan bank umum konvensional dan bank umum syariah yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2014-2018, sedangkan berdasarkan rasio NPL,ROA, ROE, NIM, BOPO ada perbedaan Tingkat Kesehatan. Bank Umum Konvensional masuk kategori sangat sehat, sedangkan bank umum syariah masuk kategori kurang sehat.
Preliminary Study of the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) Prototype at Urban Area
Authors: Putra Irwanto Zarma , Atabiq Fauzun , Istardi Didi , Ridwan Ridwan , Juwito Arif Febriansyah , Wildan Muhammad Agil , Alfianto Muhammad Ridlo , Hakim Rahman
Published: September 2021

This research complements the shortcomings of PLTB, namely by adding a Monitoring System to the Wind Power Plant at Batam State Polytechnic. By addition of sensors, installations, and a control panel containing instruments for monitoring wind conditions, Savonius turbine rpm, and pico-generator output electrical characteristics. The method used is conventional, starting from mechanical design, program development, and installation to testing. This study's preliminary results indicate that wind at the PLTB Polibatam location is not continuous. It does not occur, even though the maximum wind speed can reach 8.9 m / s. The implementation of the savonius-type wind turbine in this study can generate electricity around 87.83 kW / week or about 0.61 kW / hour.
Prediksi Berat dan Harga Buah Mengunakan Sensor Visual
Authors: Mahdaliza Rahmi , Sugandi Budi
Published: September 2021

Dengan sedikitnya pengetahuan tentang nama buah yang didapat sebelumnya, tidak sedikit anak-anak maupun dewasa yang tidak mengetahui jenis maupun nama suatu buah terutama jika buah tersebut adalah buah yang langka. Selain itu kebutuhan akan alat ukur sangatlah tinggi sebanding dengan kebutuhan akan bahan pangan itu sendiri. Alat ukur yang tersedia hanyalah alat ukur yang menimbang berat buah tanpa dapat memperkirakan harga. Sehingga keberadaan akan alat ukur yang dapat mengukur berat sekaligus menampilkan harga sangatlah dibutuhkan. Dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan sistem yang menjawab kebutuhan akan sistem yang dapat memprediksi berat buah dan harga buah. Proses prediksi berat buah dilakukan dengan perhitungan jumlah pixel dan dianalisa menggunakan persamaan regresi. Hasil perkiraan berat buah ini menghasilkan eror berat rata-rata 4.44%. Sementara proses perkiraan harga buah didapat dari perkiraan bobot buah dikalikan harga per berat buah masing-masing. Hasil perkiraan harga buah ini menghasilkan eror harga buah rata-rata 5.64 %.
Usability Testing Situs Web Politeknik Negeri Batam Menggunakan Metode Eye Tracking
Authors: Suandi Fadli , Sibagariang Swono , Amalia Yessy Kusumah , Firdaus M. Bambang
Published: September 2021

Pemanfaatan situs web saat ini menjadi keharusan bagi banyak organisasi agar informasi pada organisasi tersebut dapat dilihat dan diakses oleh masyarakat luas. Untuk memastikan kualitas penyajian informasi pada situs web, dapat memanfaatkan penggunaan eye tracker dalam mengevaluasi usability pengunjung situs saat berinteraksi dengan halaman situs web. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan menganalisis hasil usability testing oleh sejumlah responden pada saat mengerjakan user task dan berinteraksi dengan situs web www.polibatam.ac.id dengan metode eye tracking. Metode yang digunakan mencakup 4 tahap yaitu diawali dengan inisiasi kebutuhan, Pre-User Testing, User Testing dan diakhiri dengan tahapan Post User Testing. Setelah pengujian dilaksanakan, seluruh responden dapat menyelesaikan user task dengan rata-rata pengerjaan selama 4 menit 33 detik. Dari hasil analisis eye tracking didapatkan masalah minor terkait penamaan user menu pada situs web polibatam.ac.id. Usulan perbaikan situs web www.polibatam.ac.id adalah dengan lebih memperhatikan kembali penamaan sub menu utama yang terdapat pada halaman web menjadi lebih spesifik agar tidak menimbulkan kebingungan bagi pengunjung situs web.
Are all the polyps in the stomach the same?
Authors: Belkovets A. V. , Ozhiganova N. V.
Published: September 2021

The article presents a clinical case of a 38-year-old patient with revealed polyps of the stomach body and iron deficiency anemia on the background of chronic atrophic gastritis. On the example of this observation, variants of the course were demonstrated, including endoscopic and histological manifestations of autoimmune (atrophic corpus) gastritis (AIG). In parallel, the issues of diagnosis and management of patients with the most common polyps in the stomach are discussed. The problem of timely diagnosis of AIG and the advantages of non-invasive methods for assessing the functional state of the stomach is also being actualized.
Efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 and fructo- oligosaccharides in the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation
Authors: Khlinov I. B. , Khlynova R. I. , Voronova E. I. , Garanina E. V. , Gurikova I. A. , Kobzar T. I. , Loseva M. E. , Odinets S. V. , Ryabinina O. A. , Sagutdinova L. T. , Freze E. B.
Published: September 2021

The aim is to study the effect and safety of using the antispasmodic and synbiotic (Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 in combination with fructooligosaccharides) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.

Materials and methods — prospective randomized controlled trial of 80 patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. Patients in the main group (40 people) took mebeverine hydrochloride 200 mg 2 times a day and synbiotic (5x109 CFU Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 and 5.2 g fructooligosaccharides) during 28 days. Patients in the control group (40 people) received mebeverine hydrochloride 200 mg 2 times a day during 28 days. Before and after treatment, patients underwent the GSPS questionnaire.

Results — in control group clinical remission was achieved in 52.6% of patients. In the main group clinical remission was established in 92.3%, the increase was 39.7% (p <0.01). The relative risk of clinical remission when synbiotic included in the treatment for patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation is 1.75 (95% CI 1.28–2.4; p <0.01). When analyzing adverse events of the compared treatment regimens, no statistically significant differences were found (p = 0.75).

Conclusion — the results of study demonstrate a significant increase in the effectiveness of therapy in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation with the combined use of antispasmodic and synbiotic.
Creating Summary Fit Tables for LCA and LTA Analyses Using MplusAutomation
Authors: Garber Adam C
Published: September 2021

This syntax automates the process of generating a model fit summary table for comparing a series of LCA models generated during enumeration. The code produces a publication read table that approximately adheres to APA formatting guidelines. Included in the table is the exhaustive set of fit indices recommended as current best practice for making enumeration decisions based on simulations by Nylund et al., 2007. A separate example is provided below to demonstrate the procedure for an LTA analysis with two time points.
Am I My Brother's Barkeeper? Sibling Spillovers in Alcohol Consumption at the Minimum Legal Drinking Age
Authors: Schnorr Geoffrey , Lee Eunju
Published: September 2021

We use data on siblings near the minimum drinking age to provide causal estimates of peer effects in alcohol consumption, exploiting the increase in consumption of the older sibling in a regression discontinuity design. Preferred point estimates imply that younger sibling binge drinking decreases at the cutoff. These negative reduced form spillover effects are concentrated in subgroups where the first stage discontinuity is largest, among siblings who are likely to spend more time together, and for measures of excessive alcohol consumption. While our results are somewhat imprecise, we argue that these patterns of heterogeneity are consistent with younger siblings learning from the costs of their older siblings' drinking behavior. Our results are directly interpretable as the effect of peer alcohol consumption, whereas most prior work identifies the effect of exposure to the peer. We explain how this distinction matters for policy.
A research note on the mortality consequence of denying all wanted induced abortions
Authors: Stevenson Amanda Jean
Published: September 2021

In this research note, I estimate one component of the mortality impact of denying all wanted induced abortions in the U.S. This estimate quantifies the magnitude of an increase in pregnancy-related death which would occur solely due to the greater mortality risk of continuing pregnancy to term compared to having a legal induced abortion. Using published statistics on pregnancy-related mortality ratios, births, and abortions, I estimate U.S. pregnancy-related deaths by race/ethnicity before and in first and subsequent years of a total abortion ban. I estimate deaths after a total abortion ban by assuming all induced abortions are denied, assuming each abortion denied averts 0.8 births, and increasing exposure to pregnancy-related mortality accordingly. I find that in the first year of ban, estimated pregnancy-related deaths would increase from 675 to 724 (49 additional deaths, 7% increase), and in subsequent years to 815 (140 additional deaths, 21% increase). Non-Hispanic Black women would experience the greatest increase in deaths (33% increase in subsequent years). Estimated pregnancy-related deaths would increase for all race/ethnicities examined. Denying all wanted induced abortions in US would increase pregnancy-related mortality substantially, even if unsafe abortion does not increase.
STUDY OF GILL, KIDNEY AND LIVER STRUCTURE OF Pangasius hypophthalmus IN THE TANJUNG KUDU LAKE AND SAIL RIVERS, RIAU PROVINCE
Authors: Irene Christin , Eddiwan Eddiwan , Windarti Windarti
Published: September 2021

Environmental condition and water quality in general may affects the health status of fish and it represents in the structure of fish organs such as the gill, kidney, and liver. To understand the structure of the gill, kidney, and liver of Pangasius pangasius that live in the Tanjung Kudu Lake (good water quality) and in the Sail River that has been polluted, a study has been conducted from November to December 2020. Twelve fishes (6 fishes/river) were analyzed. The tissue was formalin-fixed and processed through alcohol series, paraffin-embedded, 5m sliced and Hematoxylin-Eosin stained. The histological samples were then studied using a binocular microscope Olympus CX 21.  The abnormality level of the tissue was categorized using the Histopathological Alteration Indeks (HAI). Results showed that the fish tissues from both study sites indicate light abnormality signs such as hyperplasia, hypertrophy, and lifted epithelia. The HAI was 2 for fish from the Tanjung Kudu Lake and 3 for the fish from the Sail River. This index indicates that the abnormality may be cured as the water quality improved.
Utilization of Fermented Pistia stratiotes L. Flour in Diet for Growth Asian Redtail Catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus)
Authors: Gunawan Geri , Adelina Adelina , Suharman Indra
Published: September 2021

Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) are fish that have high economic value. The Aimed of this study was to know of the effect the use of fermented Pistia stratiotes flour and to know the percentage of best P. stratiotes flour fermentation on the growth of Asian redtail catfish fingerling. The method in this study is a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications, the treatments are P0 (100% soybean flour, 0% fermented P. stratiotes flour), P1 (TK 95%, TKAT 5%), P2 (P2 TK 90%, TKAT 10%), P3 (TK 85%, TKAT 15%), and P4 (TK 80%, TKAT 20%). The fish used were 5.00 ± 1.00 cm long and weighed 1.50 ± 0.50 g, with a stocking density of 20 fish/m3. Fish are kept for 56% with a frequency of feeding three times a day. The results showed that the substitution of fermented P. stratiotes flour was able to effect the growth of Asian redtail catfish. The dosage of fermented P. stratiotes flour as much as 15% gives the best results on the growth of Asian redtail catfish, namely the specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency, and survival rate of 3.93%, 46.47% and 96.7%.
Fishery Product Consumption Rate in Bintan Pesisir District, Bintan Regency
Authors: Andrinal Andrinal , Nevrita Nevrita , Apdilah Dony
Published: September 2021

Bintan Regency currently consists of 272 large and small islands. The Bintan Pesisir District was formed based on the Bintan Regency Regional Regulation Number 12 of 2007. The preparation of this scientific article was carried out in April 2021 in the Bintan Pesisir District, especially the Kelong, Numbing, Mapur and Air Glubi villages using descriptive analysis based on a literature review using secondary data as a source of information. The consumption rate of fishery products in the Bintan Pesisir District has increased every year. In 2017 the volume of fishery production in the coastal Bintan District produced 7,587.27 tons, in 2018 it was 7,753.88 tons and while in 2019 the Bintan Pesisir District produced 7,884.60 tons
The Effect of Different Size Recirculation Systems on the Quality of Water in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Culture
Authors: Firmansyah Wahyu , Cokrowati Nunik , Scabra Andre Rachmat
Published: September 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of different cross-sectional areas of recirculation systems on water quality in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) rearing. The method used is an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD), 4 treatments and 3 replications each. The treatments are P0 (conventional), P1 (2 cross-sectional units with an area of 1,087 cm2), P2 (4 section units with an area of 2,174 cm2), P3 (6 section units with an area of 3,261 cm2). Each treatment used the same filter, namely cotton, zeolite, pumice stone, and bio balls. The results of the research the highest absolute weight growth was obtained in the P3 treatment with an average value of 4.56 g and followed respectively P2 4.38 g, P2 3.03, P0 2.59 g. The highest absolute length growth rate was obtained in treatment P3 2.71 cm, P2 of 2.54 cm, P1 of 1.87 cm, and the lowest absolute length was found in treatment P0 of 1.62 cm. The highest feed conversion value was at P0 at 3.91, followed by P1 at 2.84, P2 at 2.06, and the lowest at P3 at 1.94. The highest survival value was P3 of 85.00, P2 r 83.33, P1 73.33 and the lowest was P0 of 55.00. The highest diversity coefficient value was obtained in treatment P0 of 17.58, followed respectively by treatment P1 of 16.05, P2 of 12.91 and the lowest coefficient of diversity found in treatment P3 of 12.69. The conclusion of this study is the use of different recirculation cross-sectional areas has a significant effect on absolute weight growth, absolute length growth, feed conversion ratio, survival, and water quality. The recirculation cross-sectional area in P3 treatment with a cross-sectional area of 3.261 cm2 gave good results for the survival of tilapia (O. niloticus).
HUBUNGAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA DI SMA N 3 MUARO JAMBI
Authors: Yolviansyah Fauziah , Suryanti Suryanti , Setiya Rini Endah Febri , Matondang Maria Marisa , Wahyuni Sri
Published: September 2021

This study ams to determine the relationship between interst in learning physics and student leraning outcomes. This research uses a quantutative research type, with the research instrument using a questionnaire. . The focus of this research is on 4 dimensions, namely the adoption of a scientific attitude, the pleasure of learning physics, and an interest in learning physics. The sample of this research was students of class XII MIA with a total of 60 students. This research was conducted at SMA N 3 MUARO JAMBI. Then, the data were analyzed using the SPSS 24 program to determine whether the data was normal, and using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov correlation test to see whether each variable had a relationship with one another. Based on research and test results from the Kolmogorov-Smirnov correlation test, a significance value of 0,000 was obtained. This means that the significance value of 0.000 <0.05, which indicates that the relationship between the two variables is very related or highly correlated.
TANGGUNG JAWAB PELAKU USAHA TRANSPORTASI BUS TERHADAP KERUGIAN KONSUMEN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN (Studi Kasus di PT. MMC Tour dan Travel Pekanbaru)
Authors: Indra Primahardani
Published: September 2021

Permasalahan ini bertitik tolak dari Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Dalam pasal 4 ayat (1) dijelaskan bahwa konsumen berhak mendapatkan keamanan, kenyamanan dan keselamatan atas barang dan jasa yang dipergunakannya. Namun dalam kenyataannya konsumen banyak dirugikan. Permasalahan yang sering muncul adalah konsumen sering mengeluhkan terjadinya kerusakan yang disebabkan dalam melakukan pengangkutan terkadang pengangkut main lempar dan banting saja tanpa memperdulikan apakah barang tesebut mudah rusak atau hancur. Ketika konsumen yang dirugikan hendak melakukan penuntutan, pelaku usaha menolak untuk memberikan ganti rugi dengan melemparkan tanggung jawab kepada konsumen dikarenakan pelaku usaha bersembunyi dibalik perjanjian pengangkut yang dibuat sepihak yang isinya merugikan konsumen. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Hukum Survei artinya informasi dikumpulkan melalui responden dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Sifat penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis. Lokasi penelitian di PT. MMC Tour dan Travel Pekanbaru. Populasi yang terkait dengan penelitian ini terdiri dari (a) Direktur di PT.MMC Tour dan Travel Pekanbaru Sebanyak 1 orang; (b) Manajer di PT.MMC Tour dan Travel Pekanbaru Sebanyak 1 orang; (c) Pengguna Jasa Transportasi Bus di PT. MMC Tour dan Travel Pekanbaru sebanyak 436 orang. Dari hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa, Pertama,Tanggung jawab PT. MMC Tour Travel Pekanbaru terhadap kerugian yang dialami oleh konsumen baik berupa kerusakan ataupun kehilangan barang   yang dititipkan di bagasi adalah berdasarakan perjanjian pengangkutan yang dikeluarkan oleh PT. MMC Tour Travel Pekanbaru. Namun  perjanjian ini dinilai tidak sesuai dengan aturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku
ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP KNOWLEDGE ON THE INTEREST IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF ECONOMIC EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Gusmita Sukma Sari  , Sumarno  , Almasdi Syahza
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of entrepreneurial knowledge on the entrepreneurial interest of students of Economic Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Riau. The population used in this study were students of economic education class 2017, 2018, and 2019. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of documentation to obtain students' entrepreneurial knowledge and using questionnaires to obtain data about interest in entrepreneurship. The samples taken were at least 146 students from 228 students, using the Slovin formula to determine the number of samples used. The data collected was then tabulated and analyzed using chi square. The results showed the value of Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) of 0.000. This value is smaller than 0.05. So it can be concluded that there is an influence of entrepreneurial knowledge on the entrepreneurial interest of students in Economics Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Riau
Congenital and developmental cataract surgery with undercorrected Intraocular lens (IOL) power implantation targeting emmetropia at 8 years of age and post-operative refractive status
Authors: Bajracharya Kabindra , Hirachan Anjita , Joshi Kriti , Bajracharya Bimala
Published: September 2021

Background: In congenital and developmental cataract primary undercorrection of intraocular lens (IOL) power is a common practice. However, long-term refractive status of these children is largely unknown.
Aims and Objective: To analyse refractive status after cataract surgery with undercorrected IOL power implantation in congenital and developmental cataract.
Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive, retrospective conducted for three years from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2015. The children (> 6 months to <=7 years of age) who underwent cataract surgery for congenital and developmental cataract with a primary IOL implantation and had reached the age of 8 years were studied. The data were collected in terms of demography, axial length, biometry, IOL implanted, hyperopic correction and postoperative refractive status at 8 years.
Results: Total numbers of children operated were 181 with total eyes 288. Unilateral cases were 74 (40.88%) and bilateral 107 (59.12%). Male were 121 (66.85%) and female were 60 (33.15%) with male is to female ratio of 2:1. Right eye was involved in 152 (52.8%) and left eye 136 (47.2%). The mean axial length at the age of one year was 20.75 mm, and gradually increased as age increased which was 22.47 mm at 6 years. The mean biometry was 27.9 diopter (D) at the age of one year which gradually decreased as age increased. Of the total 288 congenital cataract operated, complete follow-up documents were available for 77 (26.74%) eyes up to 8 years which showed emmetropia achieved in 25.97%, myopia in 28.57% and hypermetropia in 45.45%.
Conclusion: Primary IOL implantation with hyperopic correction is accepted practice in congenital and developmental cataract. Emmetropia can be achieved however some hyperopic or myopic refractive status at the age of 8 years is not a surprise. Myopic shift continues as the age increases. Parent awareness for early detection and surgery, optical correction and regular follow-up are essential for good outcome.
Leukemic retinopathy, a rare entity: A case report
Authors: Gupta Aman Kumar , Basnet Rakshya , Yadav Roshan Dev , Singh Sweta
Published: September 2021

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), also known as chronic myeloid leukemia, is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by increased proliferation of the granulocytic cell line without the loss of their capacity to differentiate. Consequently, the peripheral blood cell profile shows an increased number of granulocytes and their immature precursors, including occasional blast cells. CML accounts for 20% of all leukemias affecting adults. Retinal lesions are the most common ocular manifestation of leukemia. They are found most often in adults and in patients with myeloid leukemia. Despite the significant efforts made by different groups to optimize treatment and outcome, there are still unmet needs and unanswered questions. Ophthalmologic manifestations are among the therapeutic challenge. Here we present a case of CML (chronic phase) with ophthalmologic manifestations as initial presentation, trying to shed light on this important type of presentation.
Outcome of ventilation in patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure in IPF patients: A prospective study
Authors: Krishnappa Manjunath Hunasenahalli , Thimmarayappa Prasanna Kumar , Nangia Vivek , Chatterji Rajat
Published: September 2021

Background: Diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD) is the inflammation and fibrosis of lung interstitium, resulting in respiratory failure. The rate of hypoxic respiratory failure is high as the disease progresses. In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients, acute deterioration leads to type 2 respiratory failure, etiology and management of which remains to be completely understood.
Aims and Objectives: To identify the causes of type 2 respiratory failure and assess the outcome of invasive and non-invasive ventilation in patients with IPF.
Materials and Methods: This prospective single center study included >18-year-old 44 patients with IPF. History of patients, complete blood count, chest radiograph, urine routine, spirometry with bronchodilator reversibility, DLCO (diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide) testing, arterial blood gas measurements, and antinuclear antibody (ANA) test were evaluated.
Results: Fourteen (31.8%) patients developed type 2 respiratory failure (within 1.5–6 years from the time of onset of illness). Causes of respiratory failure included acute exacerbation of IPF (35.71%), infections (14.29%), heart failure (14.29%), ischemic heart disease (14.29%), pulmonary embolism (21.43%), pneumothorax (7.14%), and surgical lung biopsy (7.14%). Patients were initiated on non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) (64.29%) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (35.71%). Eight (88.89%) out of 9 patients on NIV survived, whereas all 5 patients (100%) on IMV expired.
Conclusion: Considering the higher mortality rate associated with IMV, NIV is a better technique than IMV for improving patient outcome and management. NIV may be effectively implemented for improving the treatment outcome in patients with IPF and avoiding any aggressive therapeutic approaches.
Anxiety and depression in pregnant women amid COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shrestha Pravin , Mahato Vibha , Subedi Anil , Shrestha Shipra
Published: September 2021

Background: COVID-19 has become a global pandemic. It has affected the psychological condition of pregnant women.
Aims and Objective: This study aims to assess prevalence of depression and anxiety in pregnancy during COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: The current study was an observational, cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Manipal Teaching Hospital. Patients were assessed using Nepali version of Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for anxiety and depression respectively.
Result: There were total of 115 patients in this study. The prevalence of anxiety according to BAI was 39.1%. The prevalence of depression according to BDI was 19%. There was a statistically significant difference in rate of anxiety according to maternal age (p value 0.028). Anxiety was higher in women less than 20 years of age. Anxiety symptoms were more prevalent i.e., 44.6% in third trimester followed by 31.4% in second trimester and 29.4% in first trimester. Symptoms of depression was higher in women more than 35 years of age (27.2%) and in second trimester of pregnancy (27.2%).
Conclusion: Antenatal anxiety and depression are important issues because it impacts both maternal wellbeing and fetal health. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among pregnant women during COVID 19 pandemic was studied. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 39.1% and 19% respectively.
Case series on congenital malaria from a tertiary care hospital in North Eastern India
Authors: Das Joydeep , Choudhury Saugata
Published: September 2021

Malaria in early life is due to transfer of parasitized maternal red blood cell across placenta or direct transfer of parasite from placental syncytotrophoblast. Congenital malaria is defined as malaria acquired from mother in prenatal or perinatal period. Most of the cases in endemic area, passive transfer of high amount of maternal IgG antibody binds to malarial antigen and various components of parasites giving rise to various atypical clinical presentation. This case series will help neonatologist to think malaria in all non-specific symptoms of inconsolable cry, poor feeding, lethargy, even persistence of physiological jaundice. Very few reports of congenital malaria from India is reported in literature. Our series of five cases will address these few atypical symptoms.
Association of intrinsic factors with non-contact low back pain among fast bowlers aged between 15-19 years in division 1 boys’ schools in Colombo
Authors: Jayasinghe Udeesh Satheesha , Swaris Imasha , Weerasooriya Diluka , Mayura Dushan , Bandara Sachinda , Dissanayake Kavindi , Perera Angage Dilani Priyashanthi
Published: September 2021

Background: Cricket fast bowlers are identified as the players with a higher risk of injury due to their susceptibility to develop low back pain (LBP).
Aims and Objective: This study aims to investigate how intrinsic factors associate with LBP among fast bowlers aged between 15-19 years in Colombo division 1 boys’ schools in Sri Lanka.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with one hundred and two (102) fast bowlers who were prospectively monitored over the competition period of 2019 cricket season and the demographic data, severity of LBP, general characteristics and intrinsic factors related data were recorded.
Results: Thirty-seven (43.5%) of the subjects were presented with LBP. Reduction of quadriceps strength of dominant side, hamstring strength of non-dominant side and increased ankle dorsiflexion of non-dominant side were found to be significantly associated with non-contact LBP (P<0.05). There were significant differences for the quadriceps strength of dominant side and hamstring strength and ankle dorsiflexion of non-dominant side between the fast bowlers with and without LBP.
Conclusion: The results concluded that reduced quadriceps muscle strength of dominant side, reduced hamstring muscle strength and higher ankle dorsiflexion of non-dominant side have an important role in predisposing a fast bowler to have an increase in non-contact LBP.
I-Gel and LMA classic in the hands of novice: A comparative study
Authors: Bhattacharjee Ishita , Sarkar Susanta , Bhattacharyya Chiranjib , Das Debojyoti , Mandal Mohanchandra
Published: September 2021

Background: Supraglottic airway devices (SADs) such as LMA classic (cLMA), I-Gel, etc. are indispensable tool for the anaesthesiologists experienced in airway management. But studies evaluating the performance of these devices in the hands of unskilled personnel are scarce.
Aims and Objective: To determine the procedure time and the proportion of patients having successful placement of I-gel and LMA classic by first-year Post Graduate Trainees (PGTs) of Anaesthesiology who tried insertion of those devices after a short training in mannequins without any hands-on training regarding placement of the devices in human.
Materials and Methods: After getting Institute’s Ethics Committee’s approval for this interventional study, forty adult patients, posted for short surgical or gynaecological surgery, were randomly allocated in to two groups to have placement of either I-Gel (group ‘I’, n=20) or cLMA (group ‘C’, n=20) by first-year PGTs. The procedure time (Primary outcome) i.e. the time taken for successful placement of either device was determined and compared. A standard technique of anaesthesia was followed in every patient. Any adverse event such as sore throat, odynophagia, blood stain on the device, etc. was also recorded.
Results: All patients were comparable with respect to demographic data and Mallampati scores. The mean procedure time (seconds) was considerably lower in I-Gel group compared with cLMA (63.3 ± 57.2 versus 163.0 ± 158.3, respectively, P value <0.001). The incidence of successful placement at first attempt was significantly higher for I-Gel group. The incidence of adverse events was comparable.
Conclusion: Procedure time for I-Gel insertion is significantly shorter than with LMA Classic along with a higher success rate with first attempt for the former. I-Gel may be a better alternative as airway device for the unskilled anaesthesiologist.
Is menopause a potential risk factor for severity of COVID-19: A retrospective cross-sectional study?
Authors: Arya Veerendra , Bajpai Rashmi , Bajpai Adarsh , Kathuria Navdeep Singh , Gupta Akriti
Published: September 2021

Background: The world is struggling with the rising number of covid-19 cases. Few studies are available to propose the effect of menopause on covid-19. We are submitting a research article targeted at identifying menopause as an independent risk factor for severe Covid-19.
Aims and Objectives: Determine whether menopausal women are at higher risk of developing severe Covid-19 infection as compared to menstruating women of the same age group.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study that included patients ages varies from 40 to 55 years from the medical record department of LNMC Bhopal, India. We enrolled 65 female patients after analysing records of 2500 patients. We divided the entire study population into two groups, the menopause group, and the non-menopausal group.
Result: Out of 65 patients, 27 patients were in the menopause group, and 38 patients were in the non-menopause group. The mean D-dimer in the menopause group is 1100.78 ng/ml and in the non-menopause group is 727.63 ng/ml, which is statistically significant. (p-value 0.04) The mean value of C-Reactive protein is 27.11 mg/l and 16.74 mg/l among the menopause and non-menopause groups, respectively (p-value0.041). Twelve out of 17 patients who develop moderate-to-severe disease belong to the menopause group and five patients in the non-menopause group (p-value 0.005).
Conclusion: In the present study, we witnessed that the disease is more severe in the menopause group than in the non-menopause group (p<0.005). This study can help recognize the high-risk cases and may be helpful to plan the treatment policies for the menopausal women who contract the Covid-19.