TOOLS FOR IMPLEMENTING PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN THE FORMATION OF DAIRY INDUSTRIAL CLUSTER
Authors: Vorontsov A. D. 
Published: December 2018

The article describes modern aspects of the basic instruments application of state-private partnership in the formation of the industrial cluster in the dairy industry. It is shown that the main range of tools of public-private partnership is well established in infrastructure projects. The feasibility of using these instruments for the dairy industry is dictated by the transition to the principles of import substitution (particularly in respect of dairy products). Characteristics of legal, organizational, economic and financial tools of public-private partnerships are used in the formation of dairy industrial cluster. Legal instruments are the adoption of an appropriate legislative framework (the agreement on the establishment of the cluster, Federal and regional target programs for the development of industrial clusters, the Concept of state support for territorial clusters in the period until 2018). The formation of industrial clusters is based on several laws in the Russian Federation such as: No. 224-FL "On state-private partnership, municipal-private partnership in the RF", Federal law №115-FL "On concession agreements" and laws of constituent entities of the Russian Federation on public-private partnerships (for example, from 01.06.2016 the law "On regulation of separate relations in the sphere of state-private partnership in the Voronezh region" No. 65-RL). The use of organizational and economic instruments aimed at choosing the optimal legal form that will operate the milk industry cluster (recommended non-profit partnership). It is shown that in modern conditions of market environment instability the financial instruments are of great importance, not only those which are widely distributed (e.g., blended funding), but new ones so called “pilot” tools. Such financial instruments, the author proposes to include, are the use of "deferred payments" and the use of scenario forecasting method. This method enables to carry out funds expenditure for the creation of the necessary infrastructure directly by the investor at the first stage. In this case at the next stage of industrial cluster development, expenses incurred by investor may be reimbursed (compensated) by entering in the budgets additional sources of income from the development of the territory of cluster functioning. The author's proposal is that in this case, in the accounts of the Investment Fund the financial resources for compensation of investors’ expenses can be accumulated to build the infrastructure of the cluster. The sources of additional revenues to the budget system may be additional amounts of tax paid by economic entities located on the territory of the dairy industry cluster, so we can talk about expanding the tax base caused by development of the territory. It is shown that in addition to using the tools of public-private partnership, formation of dairy industrial cluster must be done with consideration of foreign experience of functioning such clusters. The article is also attempted to highlight the main groups of risks that arise when implementing the investment project to build a dairy industrial cluster and to show the ways (tools) of the distribution of these risks between members of the cluster. The author has made the calculations for the change in funding between the major stakeholders in the dairy industrial cluster. In addition, the paper is concerned with a compensation model for the redistribution of additionally arising costs between the potential members of the dairy industrial cluster that would facilitate the use of the priority tools for the formation of dairy industrial cluster.