bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entering the Maze: Space, time and exclusion in an abandoned Northern Ireland prison
Authors: Kindynis Theo , Garrett Bradley L.
Published: February 2015

This article is an autoethnographic account of the authors’ trespassing in the abandoned Maze Prison in Northern Ireland. For three decades before its closure in 2000, the Maze was the site of intense political struggle. The ruins of the Maze – a space once built to let no one out that now allows no one in – exist now in a state of limbo, between the conflicting narratives of the prison’s troubled past, and an uncertain future. We present a brief historical account of the Maze, and explain our unconventional choice of ‘research method’, before introducing Foucault’s notion of the heterotopia. We suggest that the Maze is an archetypally heterotopic space and our experience of exploring the prison can equally be described as such.
Press and social media reaction to ideologically inspired murder: The case of Lee Rigby
Authors: McEnery Tony , McGlashan Mark , Love Robbie
Published: February 2015

This article analyses reaction to the ideologically inspired murder of a soldier, Lee Rigby, in central London by two converts to Islam, Michael Adebowale and Michael Adebolajo. The focus of the analysis is upon the contrast between how the event was reacted to by the UK National Press and on social media. To explore this contrast, we undertook a corpus-assisted discourse analysis to look at three periods during the event: the initial attack, the verdict of the subsequent trial and the sentencing of the murderers. To do this, we constructed and analysed corpora of press and Twitter coverage of the attack, the conviction of the suspects and the sentencing of them. The analysis shows that social media and the press are intertwined, with the press exerting a notable influence through social media, but social media not always being led by the press. When looking at social media reaction to such an event as this, analysts should always consider the role that the press are playing in forming that discourse.
Ghosts of the Holocaust in Franco’s mass graves: Cosmopolitan memories and the politics of “never again”
Authors: Baer Alejandro , Sznaider Natan
Published: February 2015

This essay presents a sociological analysis of what is known in Spain as the “recovery of historical memory” and the politics deriving from this recovery. This process was catalyzed by the exhumations of the remains of victims of Francoism that have been under way since the beginning of the twenty-first century. In order to do this, we will use the literature on cosmopolitan sociology and provide a dialogue between this sociology and recent developments in the study of social and cultural memory using concepts like postmemory, multidirectional, and cosmopolitan memory. The article moves beyond the national context and looks at Spanish memory politics through the theory and praxis of Holocaust memory on the one hand and the memory of the Argentinean victims of the military dictatorship on the other hand. This will enable us to identify the components and problems of a culture and politics of globalized memory.
An Isolated Dorsal Dislocation of the Lateral Cuneiform
Authors: Sargiotis Nikolaos V. , Korres Nektarios , Anagnostakos Konstantinos D. , Tsifetakis Stavros , Baltopoulos Panagiotis
Published: February 2015

We present a case of an isolated dorsal dislocation of the lateral cuneiform bone. This particular injury is extremely rare and quite often escapes the initial assessment of the medical examiner. Timely and accurate diagnosis of the injury is very important as the treatment is usually surgical.

Level of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case Report
Tibialis Spastic Varus Foot With Calcaneonavicular Coalition
Authors: Kurashige Toshinori , Suzuki Seiichi
Published: February 2015

Peroneal spastic flat foot is a well-known condition usually occurring with tarsal coalition. Conversely, tibialis spastic varus foot is a rare condition, which can be difficult to diagnose. Moreover, tibialis spastic varus foot with calcaneonavicular coalition is extremely rare, with only a few published case reports. Resection of the calcaneonavicular bar is performed in the majority of patients. We report a case of tibialis spastic varus foot with calcaneonavicular coalition in an 11-year-old boy with intellectual disability. His family noticed his right varus foot deformity 1.5 years earlier. There was no obvious history of trauma. The deformity gradually worsened with running. Because conservative treatment failed, resection of the coalition was performed that facilitated a good outcome. In this article, we report our experience of tibialis spastic varus foot with calcaneonavicular coalition and review the English literature of this condition.

Level of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case report
Role of Regional Anesthesia in Foot and Ankle Surgery
Authors: Vadivelu Nalini , Kai Alice M. , Maslin Benjamin , Kodumudi Vijay , Antony Sible , Blume Peter
Published: February 2015

Regional anesthesia has increasingly expanded its role in the perioperative care of patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery. In addition to avoiding side effects associated with both general anesthesia and neuraxial anesthetic techniques, especially those related to cardiovascular and pulmonary systems, regional nerve blocks have been shown to improve postoperative pain and reduce hospital stay and associated expenses. The techniques utilized to achieve analgesia of the foot and ankle are diverse, multifaceted, and often incorporate ultrasound guidance. Given the aging of patient populations, and especially the growing incidence of cardiovascular-, pulmonary-, and obesity-related morbidity, the use of regional blocks is likely to expand in these surgical procedures. This review highlights some of the most current developments in the expanding role of regional anesthesia in foot and ankle surgery.

Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level II
Lubiprostone in constipation: clinical evidence and place in therapy
Authors: Wilson Nicholas , Schey Ron
Published: February 2015

Constipation is one of the most common function bowel disorders encountered by primary care providers and gastroenterologists. Disorders of chronic constipation, including irritable bowel syndrome with constipation, chronic idiopathic constipation, and opioid-induced chronic constipation, are associated with significant medical costs and a negative impact on quality of life. Although there is evidence supporting the effectiveness of some over-the-counter laxatives in chronic constipation, currently there is no evidence supporting lifestyle modification, dietary change or over-the-counter laxatives as effective long-term therapy for patients with chronic constipation. Lubiprostone is a prostaglandin-derived bicyclic fatty acid available to use for long-term treatment of constipation. Lubiprostone works by increasing intraluminal chloride ion secretion, which results in a passive influx of water and sodium, leading to increased intestinal peristalsis and colonic laxation with decreased intestinal stool transit time. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of lubiprostone in patients with chronic constipation, irritable bowel syndrome and opioid-induced constipation have shown it to be effective and free of serious adverse effects. The most common side effects associated with lubiprostone are mild to moderate nausea and diarrhea. Currently lubiprostone is approved for treatment of chronic constipation and opioid-induced constipation for men and women at 24 µg twice daily and for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation in women at 8 µg twice daily. Additional research continues to shed light on the molecular mechanisms of lubiprostone and further work may expand its clinical applications.
Randomized Clinical Trial of Peganum Oil for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Abolhassanzadeh Zohreh , Aflaki Elham , Yousefi Gholamhossein , Mohagheghzadeh Abdolali
Published: February 2015

Osteoarthritis affects about 50% of people aged older than 65 years. Pain is the most important symptom in this disease. Today public interest in the use of complementary medicine, especially traditional herbal medicines has increased. The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of traditional preparation of Peganum harmala L oil on patients with knee osteoarthritis. The product has been analyzed and standardized by high-performance liquid chromatography. A double blind controlled randomized clinical trial consisting of 54 patients were performed. Patients rubbed the drug or control (olive oil) on the knee 4 drops 3 times a day for 4 weeks. The patients were asked to fill out the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index and Visual Analogue Scale questionnaires at week 0 and 4. The adapted results from the questionnaires showed that pain and difficulty in function were significantly decreased in Peganum oil group after 4 weeks. There was no significant difference in stiffness change between 2 groups.
Leveraging HIV Programming to Enhance Access to Noncommunicable Disease Care in Southern Botswana
Authors: Reid Michael J. A. , Haas Michelle K. , Sedigeng Pinkie , Ramogola-Masire Doreen , Friedman Harvey M. , Ho-Foster Ari
Published: February 2015

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess whether HIV programming in southern Botswana could be leveraged to provide care for patients with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs).

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was performed to determine the spectrum and complexity of NCDs seen by HIV-focused outreach programming delivered between July 2011 and December 2013, to 9 facilities in southern Botswana. The association of HIV status and specific International Classification of Disease codes was examined using bivariate analysis.

Results:

Outreach HIV physicians recorded 926 outpatient consults involving 835 patients during the studied period. While 25% (n = 209) of patients seen were HIV infected, most patients were either HIV negative (49%, n = 410) or had an unknown HIV status (26%, n = 216). Noncommunicable disease referrals were as common at primary- and district-level facilities (90% [n = 459] versus 93% [n = 301]; P = .22).

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates how HIV programming in Botswana can be leveraged to improve access to specialist medical services for patients with NCDs.
Implementation of National HIV Screening Recommendations in the Indian Health Service
Authors: Reilley Brigg , Leston Jessica , Tulloch Scott , Neel Lisa , Galope Megan , Taylor Melanie
Published: February 2015

Background:

The Indian Health Service (IHS), a federal agency, provides direct patient care to an estimated 1.9 million American Indian/Alaska Native patients across a large and decentralized network of health facilities. The IHS sought to implement HIV screening of adults and adolescents per national recommendations. The IHS facilities received technical support such as electronic clinical reminders (ECRs) and sample HIV-testing policies.

Purpose:

To determine what facility-wide policy and practices were associated with high HIV screening rates.

Methods:

Survey of clinical directors of 61 federal health facilities on use of ECRs, testing policies/standing orders, and other factors associated with HIV screening. These results were correlated with HIV screening performance results for each facility as derived from the IHS national database.

Results:

A total of 51 (84%) of 61 facilities were interviewed. In univariate analysis, factors that were correlated with higher rates of HIV screening were having an HIV screening standing order (unadjusted odds ratio [UOR] 8.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.0-37.3), sexually transmitted disease (STD) screening standing order (UOR 5, CI 1.1-21.7), having an HIV ECR in place for a year or longer (UOR 10.2, CI 2.8-37.5), and inclusion of both providers and nurses in offering HIV screening (UOR 4.8, CI 1.4-16.7). In multivariate analysis, ECRs (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 9.1, 95% CI 1.8-45.1) and STD standing orders (AOR 7.4, 95% CI 1.1-51.0) remained significantly associated with higher HIV screening.

Conclusion:

Policy and practice interventions such as ECRs and standing order/testing policies and delegation of screening are correlated with high HIV screening, are scalable across health networks, and will be used for improving other infectious disease screening indicators in such as STD and hepatitis C.
Like Needles in a Haystack
Authors: Nieckarz Peter P.
Published: February 2015

In a culture that is increasingly colonized by commercial dynamics, it is important to observe how pervasive commercialization has become, particularly with respect to institutions intended to eschew such effects. This study is a longitudinal content analysis of National Public Radio (NPR) news stories over the last decade that examines the content of the stories on its flagship programs Morning Edition and All Things Considered to assess whether the network has changed, presenting a more commercial rationality. Research has demonstrated that a more market-driven quest for revenue has impacted programming, rendering it more formatted and homogeneous. Amid a decline in government funding, NPR has further embraced a programming model reflecting a more commercial tone in its news content. The data from the content analysis reveal mixed and tempered results, indicating some movement toward more commercially driven content in certain areas, particularly with a decrease in the amount of stories featuring diversity content and an increase in the frequency of promotional content on All Things Considered in 2010. The implications of these findings speak to the larger issue advanced by Critical Theory concerning the preservation of the marketplace of ideas in the United States.
Employment Discrimination Lawsuits and Corporate Stock Prices
Authors: Hirsh C. Elizabeth , Cha Youngjoo
Published: February 2015

In this study, we examine the financial impact of employment discrimination lawsuit verdicts and settlements on publicly traded firms subject to lawsuits between 1997 and 2008. Using data on 174 sex and race discrimination lawsuits involving 107 publicly traded companies, we assess the effect of lawsuit verdicts and settlements on changes in defendants’ daily stock returns. Findings indicate that verdicts and settlements have an immediate negative impact on defendants’ stock prices. In addition, the negative effect is more pronounced among cases that involve monetary payouts, cases in which the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is a plaintiff and cases that involve sex as opposed to race or national origin discrimination. These results demonstrate the extent to which legal rulings introduce a market penalty for employers and have implications for the study of law, organizations, and market responses to discriminatory behavior.
BioCAST/IFCT-1002: epidemiological and molecular features of lung cancer in never-smokers
Authors: Couraud Sébastien , Souquet Pierre-Jean , Paris Christophe , Dô Pascal , Doubre Hélène , Pichon Eric , Dixmier Adrien , Monnet Isabelle , Etienne-Mastroianni Bénédicte , Vincent Michel , Trédaniel Jean , Perrichon Marielle , Foucher Pascal , Coudert Bruno , Moro-Sibilot Denis , Dansin Eric , Labonne Stéphanie , Missy Pascale , Morin Franck , Blanché Hélène , Zalcman Gérard
Published: February 2015

Lung cancer in never-smokers (LCINS) (fewer than 100 cigarettes in lifetime) is considered as a distinct entity and harbours an original molecular profile. However, the epidemiological and molecular features of LCINS in Europe remain poorly understood.

All consecutive newly diagnosed LCINS patients were included in this prospective observational study by 75 participating centres during a 14-month period. Each patient completed a detailed questionnaire about risk factor exposure. Biomarker and pathological analyses were also collected. We report the main descriptive overall results with a focus on sex differences.

384 patients were included: 65 men and 319 women. 66% had been exposed to passive smoking (significantly higher among women). Definite exposure to main occupational carcinogens was significantly higher in men (35%versus8% in women). A targetable molecular alteration was found in 73% of patients (without any significant sex difference):EGFRin 51%,ALKin 8%,KRASin 6%,HER2in 3%,BRAFin 3%,PI3KCAin less than 1%, and multiple in 2%.

We present the largest and most comprehensive LCINS analysis in a European population. Physicians should track occupational exposure in men (35%), and a somatic molecular alteration in both sexes (73%).
PATENT PLUS: a blinded, randomised and extension study of riociguat plus sildenafil in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Galiè Nazzareno , Müller Katharina , Scalise Andrea-Viviana , Grünig Ekkehard
Published: February 2015

PATENT PLUS evaluated the safety and efficacy of riociguat in combination with sildenafil in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients.

Patients receiving sildenafil (20 mg three times daily) were randomised to placebo or riociguat (up to 2.5 mg three times daily) for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was maximum change in supine systolic blood pressure (SBP) from baseline within 4 h of dosing. Secondary objectives comprised additional blood pressure, heart rate and exploratory efficacy variables, and safety. Patients could enter a long-term extension (LTE), where all patients received riociguat plus sildenafil.

There was no difference in maximum change in supine SBP from baseline within 4 h between the riociguat (n=12) (mean±sdbaseline: –20.2±15.3 mmHg; week 12: –20.7±18.0 mmHg) and placebo groups (n=6) (–7.6±3.9 and –20.2±12.9 mmHg, respectively). Changes in standing SBP and supine or standing diastolic blood pressure were also not different. Combination therapy showed no favourable effects on exploratory clinical parameters, including haemodynamics and exercise capacity. In the LTE, there were high rates of discontinuation due to hypotension and three (18%) deaths (not considered study drug-related by the investigator).

There were potentially unfavourable safety signals with sildenafil plus riociguat and no evidence of a positive benefit/risk ratio. Concomitant use of riociguat with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors is therefore contraindicated.
Interaction effect of psychological distress and asthma control on productivity loss?
Authors: Moullec Grégory , FitzGerald J. Mark , Rousseau Roxanne , Chen Wenjia , Sadatsafavi Mohsen ,   the Economic Burden of Asthma (EBA) study team
Published: February 2015

Little is known about the potential synergistic effect of comorbid psychological distress (PD) and uncontrolled asthma (UA) on productivity loss. We estimated the productivity loss associated with the combination of these two potentially preventable conditions in employed adults with asthma.

A population-based random sample of 300 adults with asthma in British Columbia, Canada, was prospectively recruited between Dec 2010 and Aug 2012. PD and productivity loss due to absenteeism and presenteeism was measured using validated instruments, and asthma control was ascertained using 2010 Global Initiative for Asthma management strategy. We used two-part regression models to study the contribution of UA and PD to productivity loss.

Compared with reference group (controlled asthma (CA)+noPD), those with UA+noPD had CAD$286 (95%CI $276–297) weekly productivity loss, and those with CA+PD had CAD$465 ($445–485). Those with UA+PD had CAD$449 (437–462) in productivity loss. There was no significant interaction effect of PD with asthma control levels on productivity loss (p=0.22).

In patients without PD, uncontrolled asthma was associated with a higher productivity loss than controlled asthma, but this was not the case in patients with PD. This finding can be explained by the fact that the contribution of PD to productivity loss is so large that there is no room for synergy with asthma control. Future studies should assess the impact of interventions that modify PD in patients with asthma.
Hallmarks of the ageing lung
Authors: Meiners Silke , Eickelberg Oliver , Königshoff Melanie
Published: February 2015

Ageing is the main risk factor for major non-communicable chronic lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, most forms of lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. While the prevalence of these diseases continually increases with age, their respective incidence peaks at different times during the lifespan, suggesting specific effects of ageing on the onset and/or pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Recently, the nine hallmarks of ageing have been defined as cell-autonomous and non-autonomous pathways involved in ageing. Here, we review the available evidence for the involvement of each of these hallmarks in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Importantly, we propose an additional hallmark, “dysregulation of the extracellular matrix”, which we argue acts as a crucial modifier of cell-autonomous changes and functions, and as a key feature of the above-mentioned lung diseases.
Improving risk assessment in schizophrenia: epidemiological investigation of criminal history factors
Authors: Witt Katrina , Lichtenstein Paul , Fazel Seena
Published: February 2015

Background

Violence risk assessment in schizophrenia relies heavily on criminal history factors.

Aims

To investigate which criminal history factors are most strongly associated with violent crime in schizophrenia.

Method

A total of 13 806 individuals (8891 men and 4915 women) with two or more hospital admissions for schizophrenia were followed up for violent convictions. Multivariate hazard ratios for 15 criminal history factors included in different risk assessment tools were calculated. The incremental predictive validity of these factors was estimated using tests of discrimination, calibration and reclassification.

Results

Over a mean follow-up of 12.0 years, 17.3% of men (n=1535) and 5.7% of women (n=281) were convicted of a violent offence. Criminal history factors most strongly associated with subsequent violence for both men and women were a previous conviction for a violent offence; for assault, illegal threats and/or intimidation; and imprisonment. However, only a previous conviction for a violent offence was associated with incremental predictive validity in both genders following adjustment for young age and comorbid substance use disorder.

Conclusions

Clinical and actuarial approaches to assess violence risk can be improved if included risk factors are tested using multiple measures of performance.
Anxiety disorders and accelerated cellular ageing
Authors: Verhoeven Josine E. , Révész Dóra , van Oppen Patricia , Epel Elissa S. , Wolkowitz Owen M. , Penninx Brenda W. J. H.
Published: February 2015

Background

Anxiety disorders increase the risk of onset of several ageing-related somatic conditions, which might be the consequence of accelerated cellular ageing.

Aims

To examine the association between anxiety status and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) as an indicator of cellular ageing.

Method

Data are from individuals with current (n = 1283) and remitted (n = 459) anxiety disorder, and controls (n = 582) with no psychiatric disorder from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. We determined DSM-IV anxiety diagnoses and clinical characteristics by structured psychiatric interviews and self-report questionnaires; LTL was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and converted into base pairs (bp).

Results

Patients in the current anxiety group (bp = 5431) had significantly shorter LTL compared with the control group (bp = 5506, P = 0.01) and the remitted anxiety group (bp = 5499, P = 0.03) in analyses adjusted for sociodemographics, health and lifestyle. The remitted anxiety group did not differ from the control group (P = 0.84), however, time since remission was positively related with LTL. Furthermore, anxiety severity scores were associated with LTL in the whole sample, in line with a dose–response association.

Conclusions

Patients with current – but not remitted – anxiety disorder had shorter telomere length, suggesting a process of accelerated cellular ageing, which in part may be reversible after remission.
Striatal astrocytes produce neuroblasts in an excitotoxic model of Huntington's disease
Authors: Nato Giulia , Caramello Alessia , Trova Sara , Avataneo Valeria , Rolando Chiara , Taylor Verdon , Buffo Annalisa , Peretto Paolo , Luzzati Federico
Published: February 2015

In the adult brain, subsets of astrocytic cells residing in well-defined neurogenic niches constitutively generate neurons throughout life. Brain lesions can stimulate neurogenesis in otherwise non-neurogenic regions, but whether local astrocytic cells generate neurons in these conditions is unresolved. Here, through genetic and viral lineage tracing in mice, we demonstrate that striatal astrocytes become neurogenic following an acute excitotoxic lesion. Similar to astrocytes of adult germinal niches, these activated parenchymal progenitors express nestin and generate neurons through the formation of transit amplifying progenitors. These results shed new light on the neurogenic potential of the adult brain parenchyma.
Functional morphology of theAlligator mississippiensislarynx with implications for vocal production
Authors: Riede Tobias , Li Zhiheng , Tokuda Isao T. , Farmer Colleen G.
Published: February 2015

Sauropsid vocalization is mediated by the syrinx in birds and the larynx in extant reptiles; but whereas avian vocal production has received much attention, the vocal mechanism of basal reptilians is poorly understood. The American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) displays a large vocal repertoire during mating and in parent–offspring interactions. Although vocal outputs of these behaviors have received some attention, the underlying mechanism of sound production remains speculative. Here, we investigate the laryngeal anatomy of juvenile and adult animals by macroscopic and histological methods. Observations of the cartilaginous framework and associated muscles largely corroborate earlier findings, but one muscle, the cricoarytenoideus, exhibits a heretofore unknown extrinsic insertion that has important implications for effective regulation of vocal fold length and tension. Histological investigation of the larynx revealed a layered vocal fold morphology. The thick lamina propria consists of non-homogenous extracellular matrix containing collagen fibers that are tightly packed below the epithelium but loosely organized deep inside the vocal fold. We found few elastic fibers but comparatively high proportions of hyaluronan. Similar organizational complexity is also seen in mammalian vocal folds and the labia of the avian syrinx: convergent morphologies that suggest analogous mechanisms for sound production. In tensile tests, alligator vocal folds demonstrated a linear stress–strain behavior in the low strain region and nonlinear stress responses at strains larger than 15%, which is similar to mammalian vocal fold tissue. We have integrated morphological and physiological data in a two-mass vocal fold model, providing a systematic description of the possible acoustic space that could be available to an alligator larynx. Mapping actual call production onto possible acoustic space validates the model's predictions.
Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Chiral Binaphthyl with Achiral Terthiophene Fluorophores
Authors: Taniguchi Naoya , Nakabayashi Kazuki , Harada Takunori , Tajima Nobuo , Shizuma Motohiro , Fujiki Michiya , Imai Yoshitane
Published: February 2015

Unlike in the solution state, the first circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) property of the axially chiral binaphthyl fluorophore bearing two fluorescent terthiophene units was successfully observed by chirality transfer from axially chiral binaphthyl to the terthiophenes, followed by amplified CPL signals in the solid state.
Hip Arthroplasty: Back to the Future?
Authors: Manktelow A. , Bloch B.
Published: February 2015

This review examines the future of total hip arthroplasty, aiming to avoid past mistakes
Castor e Pólux, modelos para Niso e Euríalo na Eneida?
Authors: Sousa Francisco Edi de Oliveira
Published: February 2015

O episódio de Niso e Euríalo expõe uma peculiar amicitia entre dois guerreiros, cuja morte provoca forte efeito patético. Seu modelo principal seria a Doloneia; entre os secundários, mencionam-se: o Rhesus, atribuído a Eurípides; a embaixada para Aquiles na Ilíada; a viagem de Telêmaco na Odisseia; relatos da guerra contra Aníbal nos Anais, de Ênio; a relação entre Orestes e Pílades na Ifigênia em Táuris, de Eurípides. Tais modelos, todavia, não propiciam um exame satisfatório da afeição e do fim que os une. Assim, este estudo discute um substrato poético capaz de iluminar a fidelidade e o modus mortis de Niso e Euríalo: o par Castor-Pólux.
O epigrama Sim.21 FGE e a Colunata Colorida
Authors: Brose Robert de
Published: February 2015

No artigo que se segue, pretendo revisitar a controversa questão da transmissão, natureza e função do epigrama 21 fgE, atribuído a Simônides de Ceos, que celebra a vitória dos atenienses sobre o exército persa em Maratona, no ano de 490 a.C. Por meio de uma revisão histórica da crítica pretérita, tanto antiga quanto moderna, é minha intenção defender a hipótese, proposta pela primeira vez por Leake e Goettling, de modo independente, no século XIX, de que o epigrama seria uma inscrição genuína destinada a acompanhar a pintura da referida batalha exposta nos painéis que faziam parte da assim chamada Colunata Colorida (Stoa Poikíl?) em Atenas.
Muito além da geografia: o espaço cognitivo de Amiano Marcelino
Authors: Marques Juliana Bastos
Published: February 2015

Este trabalho apresenta, em primeiro lugar, considerações sobre o uso das teorias da geografia cognitiva, como o conceito de “mapas mentais”, no estudo do espaço no mundo antigo, em especial no caso de Amiano Marcelino. Uma leitura crítica do uso que os especialistas em cartografia antiga fazem dessas teorias e conceitos pode levar à superação de alguns problemas de inadequação conceitual. Faz-se em seguida uma leitura específica de Amiano Marcelino como fonte para essas questões. Por fim, discute-se uma possibilidade de leitura ampliada do espaço cognitivo em Amiano para além de suas digressões estritamente geográficas. O espaço é lido em seu texto também como delimitado pela função, ênfase e premência de outros elementos da narrativa, como, por exemplo, o papel dos imperadores, em uma dicotomia de centro e periferia que transcende o aspecto puramente geográfico.
Bilder des Menschen
Authors: Wulf Christoph
Published: February 2015

Welche Rolle spielen Bilder, Imagination und Imaginäres für unser Verständnis der Welt, der anderen Menschen und der menschlichen Subjektivität? Welche Bedeutung haben sie für das Alltagsleben, die Literatur und die Künste? Christoph Wulf zeigt: Prozesse der Imagination und des Imaginären tragen dazu bei, den Menschen, seine Gesellschaften und Kulturen zu gestalten. Sie sind eng mit den Praktiken des Körpers und mit seiner Performativität verwoben. Unter Bezug auf Spiel, Ritual und Geste sowie auf Familie und Familienglück wird deutlich: In mimetischen Prozessen, d.h. durch kreative Nachahmung, werden soziale und kulturelle Praktiken gelernt, bewahrt und verändert - und als Bilder Teil des individuellen und kollektiven Imaginären.
Políticas Públicas y Estrategias Para el Desarrollo de la Investigación en las Universidades Privadas Argentinas
Authors: Adrogue Cecilia , Corengia Ángela , García de Fanelli Ana , Pita Carranza María
Published: February 2015

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar en qué medida las políticas de aseguramiento de la calidad y el financiamiento gubernamental para la investigación impulsaron cambios en dicha función en las universidades privadas de la Argentina. Partiendo del enfoque organizacional aplicado al estudio del cambio universitario, se llevó a cabo un estudio de casos. Para identificar el proceso de cambio se construyeron indicadores cuantitativos de I+D, se estudió la significatividad estadística de la diferencia de éstos entre períodos y se aplicó un análisis de conglomerados. Asimismo, se estudió la influencia de las políticas públicas sobre estos cambios a partir del análisis de documentos oficiales e institucionales y de entrevistas en profundidad a informantes claves y autoridades de las universidades. En los resultados alcanzados se observa una tensión en las respuestas organizacionales entre impulsar cambios isomórficos, para lograr conformidad y legitimación en su medio, y desarrollar estrategias acordes con su misión institucional, los recursos organizacionales y los liderazgos particulares presentes en cada caso. Los resultados muestran que las políticas públicas han sido efectivas en darle cierto impulso a la actividad de investigación en las universidades que previamente presentaban un desarrollo incipiente y en la consolidación progresiva, en las que ya tenían una misión institucional alineada con el modelo de universidad de investigación.
Generalized quasi-reversibility method for a backward heat equation with a fractional Laplacian
Authors: Koba Hajime , Matsuoka Hideki
Published: February 2015

This paper considers a backward problem on a heat equation with a fractional Laplacian. It is not easy to solve a backward heat equation directly. This problem is a well-known ill-posed problem. In order to consider a backward heat equation with a fractional Laplacian, we apply the N-th power of the Dirichlet-Laplacian and small parameters to regularize the equation. This method is called a quasi-reversibility method. We use the generalized quasi-reversibility method to change the backward heat system into another system. This paper shows the existence of a strong solution of the modified backward heat system, and derives L
2-estimates of the difference between a solution of the heat equation with the fractional Laplacian and a solution of our system.
Dummy molecularly imprinted mesoporous
silicates for selective adsorption of 2-naphthol
Authors: Luoa Guitao , Li Yunping , Wang An , Lin Qiang , Zhang Guolin , Wang Chun
Published: February 2015

Dummy molecularly imprinted
mesoporous silicates (MIMS-2) were made by
co-condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)
with precursors of bi-functional mimic of 2-naphthol,
2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, around triblock copolymer
surfactant Pluronic (P123) micelles. The bi-functional
template was linked to two functional monomers through
thermally cleavable covalent bonds to generate imprint
precursor. This provides the possibility of incorporating
the target into the cross-linked mesoporous silicate matrix
in the non-ionic surfactant templated sol-gel process.
P123 was eluted by ethanol extraction and template
molecules were removed by refluxing the materials in a
mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water. MIMS-1
was prepared similarly except that 2-naphthol was used
as template instead of 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene. Solid
phase extraction studies showed that MIMS-2 exhibited
good retention and selectivity for 2-naphthol among its
structural analogues. The mono-functional molecule
2-naphthol was unable to be incorporated into the silica
matrix of mesoporous material by the identical method,
and the resulting material MIMS-1 exhibits poor selectivity
to the template analogues.
E
1-degeneration of the irregular Hodge filtration
Authors: Esnault Hélène , Sabbah Claude , Yu Jeng-Daw
Published: February 2015

For a regular function f on a smooth complex quasi-projective variety, J.-D. Yu introduced in [35] a filtration (the irregular Hodge filtration) on the de Rham complex with twisted differential

d
+

d
⁢
f

{\mathrm{d}+\mathrm{d}f}

, extending a definition of Deligne in the case of curves. In this article, we show the degeneration at

E
1

{E_{1}}

of the spectral sequence attached to the irregular Hodge filtration, by using the method of [26]. We also make explicit the relation with a complex introduced by M. Kontsevich and give details on his proof of the corresponding

E
1

{E_{1}}

-degeneration, by reduction to characteristic p, when the pole divisor of the function is reduced with normal crossings. In Appendix E, M. Saito gives a different proof of the

E
1

E_{1}

-degeneration.
The mean square of the product of the Riemann zeta-function with Dirichlet polynomials
Authors: Bettin Sandro , Chandee Vorrapan , Radziwiłł Maksym
Published: February 2015

Improving earlier work of Balasubramanian, Conrey and Heath-Brown
[1],
we obtain an asymptotic formula for the mean-square of the
Riemann zeta-function times an arbitrary Dirichlet polynomial of length

T

1
2

+
δ

{T^{\frac{1}{2}+\delta}}

, with

δ
=

0.01515
⁢
…

\delta=0.01515\dots

.
As
an application we obtain an upper bound of the correct order of magnitude
for the third moment of the Riemann zeta-function.
We also refine
previous work of Deshouillers and Iwaniec [8], obtaining asymptotic
estimates in place of bounds.
Using the work of Watt [19], we compute the mean-square of the Riemann
zeta-function times a Dirichlet
polynomial of length going up to

T

3
4

{T^{\frac{3}{4}}}

provided that the Dirichlet
polynomial assumes
a special shape. Finally, we exhibit a conjectural estimate for trilinear
sums of Kloosterman fractions which implies the Lindelöf Hypothesis.
UV-Cured polypropylene mesh-reinforced composite polymer electrolyte membranes
Authors: Çakmakçı Emrah , Uğur Mustafa Hulusi , Güngör Atilla
Published: February 2015

In this study, a polypropylene (PP) mesh was used to prepare proton- and Li+ conducting composite membranes for fuel cells and lithium rechargeable batteries, respectively. For the preparation of Li+ conducting membrane, polypropylene mesh was first immersed in an electrolyte solution, which was composed of LiBF4 and ethylene carbonate. Then the swollen membrane was immersed in an acetone solution of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), polyvinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoro-propylene and photoinitiator. Finally, PP fabric was taken out from the solution and exposed to UV irradiation. Furthermore, proton conducting membranes were prepared by immersing the PP mesh into a mixture of vinyl phosphonic acid, PEGDA and photoinitiator. Afterwards, samples were cured under UV light. PP-reinforced membranes designed for fuel cell applications exhibited a room temperature conductivity of 3.3×10-3 mS/cm, while UV-cured electrolyte for Li batteries showed ionic conductivities in the range of 1.61×10-3–5.4×10-3 S/cm with respect to temperature. In addition, for lithium-doped composite polymer electrolyte (CPE), the electrochemical stability window was negligible below 4.75 V vs. Li/Li+. It is concluded that lithium-doped CPE has suitable electrochemical stability to allow the use of high-voltage electrode couples.
Separation of ethylbenzene and n-octane using deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Hadj-Kali Mohamed K.
Published: February 2015

In this work, we have investigated the possibility of using low cost ionic liquid analogues, namely deep eutectic solvents (DESs), for the liquid-liquid extraction of ethylbenzene from
Damage evolution in wood: synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SRμCT) as a complementary tool for interpreting acoustic emission (AE) behavior
Authors: Baensch Franziska , Zauner Michaela , Sanabria Sergio J. , Sause Markus G.R. , Pinzer Bernd R. , Brunner Andreas J. , Stampanoni Marco , Niemz Peter
Published: February 2015

Tensile tests of miniature spruce wood specimens have been performed to investigate the damage evolution in wood at the microscopic scale. For this purpose, the samples were stepwise tensile loaded in the longitudinal (L) and radial (R) directions and the damage evolution was monitored in real-time by acoustic emission (AE) and synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SRμCT). This combination is of outstanding benefit as SRμCT monitoring provides an insight on the crack evolution and the final fracture at microscopic scale, whereas AE permits the detection of the associated accumulation and interaction of single damage events on all length scales with high time resolution. A significant drawback of the AE testing of wood has been overcome by means of calibrating the AE amplitudes with the underlying crack length development. Thus, a setup-dependent and wood species-dependent calibration value was estimated, which associates 1 μm2 crack area generating of 0.0038 mV in the detected AE amplitude. Furthermore, for both L and R specimens, AE signals were classified into two clusters by using a frequency-based approach of unsupervised pattern recognition. The shares of AE signals of both clusters correlate with the ratio of the relative crack area of the interwall and transwall cracks gained from the fractographic analysis of SRμCT scans.
The Effects of Carbon Content on the Microstructure and 650°C Tensile Properties of Incoloy 901 Superalloy
Authors: Dodangeh S. , Shahri F. , Abbasi S. M.
Published: February 2015

The microstructure and tensile properties of Incoloy 901 superalloy with various contents of carbon (0.02–0.09 wt%) were studied and a proper amount of carbon was determined to achieve good tensile properties at 650°C. The alloys were produced by vacuum induction melting and electro-slag refining (VIM+ESR) process and then they were hot rolled. After heat treatment, microstructures and 650°C tensile properties of specimens were investigated. Phase analysis with X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that Incoloy 901 contained Metallic carbides (MC)-type carbide enriched with Ti and Mo. With increasing carbon content from 0.02 to 0.09 wt%, carbide area fraction increased from 0.73% to 1.2%. Also, increasing of carbon content gave rise to higher amounts of carbide sizes. Using XRD patterns, the lattice parameters of γ and γ′ phases were determined and the results showed that, with increase of carbon content, the lattice parameters of γ and γ′ phases decreased and the mismatch between them increased from 0.119% for alloy containing 0.02 wt% to 0.167% for alloy containing 0.09 wt% C. The maximum strength of the alloy was obtained at 0.05 wt% carbon and ductility decreased slightly with increasing carbon.
Business Valuation Inspired by the Austrian School
Authors: Olbrich Michael , Quill Tobias , J. Rapp David
Published: February 2015

The significant failure rates observed in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) indicate structural deficiencies in business transactions. This paper identifies serious weaknesses in common valuation methods that play a key role in poor transaction practice. Common valuation methods are in particular discounted cash flow (DCF) methods. DCF methods are usually based on neo-classical theories that assume the existence of a perfect and complete capital market. As will be demonstrated, the underlying theoretical patchwork is contradictory and lacks utility. Therefore, utilizing DCF methods to value a business and deduce economic decisions from such a valuation is decision-making built on sand. Following a normative-deductive methodology, this paper seeks an alternative theoretical concept to build a business valuation theory on solid ground. Such an alternative is found in the Austrian School of thought. The resulting valuation concept, subjective business valuation theory, is based on the theory of marginal utility proposed by Gossen, which was rediscovered and refined by the scholars of the early Austrian School. Contrary to highly restrictive neo-classical valuation, subjective business valuation approaches reality and is therefore well-suited for practical implementation.
Many-Valued Logic and Zadeh’s Fuzzy Sets: A Stone Representation Theorem for Interval-Valued Łukasiewicz–Moisil Algebras
Authors: Amroune Abdelaziz , Zedam Lemnaouar , Davvaz Bijan
Published: February 2015

The aim of this article is to develop a representation theory of interval-valued Łukasiewicz–Moisil algebras; the concept of interval fuzzy sets involves the role that the notion of field of sets plays for the representation of Boolean algebras. This theory provides both a semantic interpretation of a Łukasiewicz interval-valued logic and a logical basis for the interval fuzzy sets theory.
Strength and aerobic training in overweight
females in Gdansk, Poland
Authors: Sawczyn Stanisław , Mishchenko Viktor , Moska Waldemar , Sawczyn Michał , Jagiełło Marina , Kuehne Tatiana , Kostrzewa-Nowak Dorota , Nowak Robert , Cięszczyk Paweł
Published: February 2015

W e compared the effects of 16-week-training on
rest metabolic rate, aerobic power, and body fat, and the
post-exercise effects upon rest oxygen uptake and respiratory
exchange ratio in overweight middle-aged females.
Twenty nine overweight women (BMI 29.9 ± 1.2 kg*m-²)
participated in training (3 days a week). The subjects
were divided onto groups of aerobic (AT) and strength
(ST) training. The results showed that the total body mass
decrease and VO2 max increase did not differ in both
groups. Decrease in waist circumference after 16 weeks
was higher in the ST group. In the ST group fat-free mass
increased during the first 8 weeks. Rest metabolic rate was
increased significantly at 16th week compared to initial
value in ST group only. Significant increase in post-exercise
resting VO2 and respiratory exchange ratio at 12
and 36 h was observed after the strength training session
only. Increase in rest metabolic rate and post-exercise rest
energy expenditure occurred after strength training but
not after aerobic training despite the similar increase in
aerobic power. The effect of 8-16 weeks of strength training
on body mass decrease was higher in comparison to
aerobic training.
Effects of Circumferential Casing Grooves on the Performance of a Transonic Axial Compressor
Authors: Choi Minsuk
Published: February 2015

The casing groove is a highly effective method for improving the stall margin with the least detrimental effect on the peak efficiency in an axial compressor. In this work, a single casing groove with different heights and positions was numerically tested to evaluate effects of each geometric parameter on the stall margin in a transonic compressor. Validation between the simulation and experiment was conducted with a smooth casing as a reference case, and the computed and experimental results were compared in terms of performance curves, downstream flow properties and Mach number contours. Subsequently, the performance curves for each test case with a single casing groove were obtained from the numerical results and compared with each other to determine the appropriate position and height of the groove for increasing the stall margin. A casing groove installed near the leading edge was found to be effective for expanding the stable operating range in a transonic compressor, giving about 3% point improvement in the stall margin at the cost of a small drop in efficiency at the design point. An attempt was also made to understand the underlying mechanism of the casing groove based on the analysis of the numerical flow data.
Neue Synthesen mit Magnesiumhydrid Teil 2: Wege zu neuen komplexen Hydriden und zum Aluminiumwasserstoff / New Syntheses with M agnesium Hydride Part 2: Pathways to New Complex Hydrides and A luminium Hydride
Authors: Knott Wilfried
Published: February 2015

The reaction between autocatalytically prepared magnesium hydride (Tego® Magnan) and aluminium halides in ethers generates a new class of reducing agents, i.e. magnesium aluminium hydridohalides. By choosing dioxane-1,4 as solvent a route to an aluminium hydride dioxane complex is opened. The new reducing agents show outstanding selectivity especially in the field of organosilico-nes, combined with a maximum of safety in their application.
The Structure of Two Fengycins from Bacillus subtilis S499
Authors: Schneider Jochen , Taraz Kambiz , Budzikiewicz Herbert , Deleu Magali , Thonart Philippe , Jacques Philippe
Published: February 2015

The structures of the two fengycins, lipopeptides from Bacillus subtilis, were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and chemical degradation. They show a close structural relationship to the plipastatins from Bacillus cereus differing only in the stereochemistry of the Tyr residues.