bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Parameters Identification of Radar Echoes in Yunnan Province
Authors: Zhao Na , Wang Jian , Li Peng , Jiang Zuo , Xie Zhong Wen , Mo Qi
Published: January 2014

In view of the important reference value of weather radar data in the area of weather-modification-decision-making and inspired by the theories of graphics and image processing, we propose an algorithm of calculating the movement direction and movement velocity of radar echo based on radar data analysis. The implementation of the algorithm can effectively improve the early warning ability towards severe weather and has great significance in the construction of command and warning systems for weather modification.
Bioinformatics Study with an Implementation of Two Feature Extraction Algorithms for Protein Sequences
Authors: Qiao Shan Ping
Published: January 2014

Predicting subcellular localizations of proteins is related to multi-label learning. A serial of computational approaches have been developed. This study focuses on the extracting protein features. The feature vector influences the performance of a predicting algorithm significantly. In this paper, two feature extraction algorithms named composition-transition-distribution and class pattern frequency were introduced and implemented in Java, respectively. This program provided a friendly graphical user interface where users can get these two kinds of features easily and quickly. Moreover, the results can be saved into a specified file for later use. Finally, this program can be compressed into a single jar file and runs on a computer which installed the proper JRE. We hope that this program would give researchers some help in the future.
New Tabu Search Algorithm for Multi-Vehicle and Multi-Cargo Loading Problem
Authors: Ren Chun Yu
Published: January 2014

This paper studies multi-vehicle and multi-cargo loading problem under the limited loading capacity. The new tabu search algorithm is used to get the solution. It applies newly improved insertion method to construct initial solution, to improve the feasibility of the solution; centers cubage-weight balance to design dual layered random operation to construct its neighborhood, to boost the efficiency and quality of the searching. Applies auto adaptive tabu length to control the searching capability dynamically; at last, it uses simulated experiments to prove the effectiveness and feasibility of this algorithm, and provides clues for massively solving practical problems.
Evaluation of Ground Thermal Infrared Camouflage Based on Dynamic DEA Model
Authors: Sui Ming Xu , Lü Xu Liang , Li Ling , Weng Xiao Di , Li Xiao Peng
Published: January 2014

Thermal infrared camouflage refers to a series of camouflage patterns for coping with modern thermal infrared reconnaissance. In order to solve the problems that the subjectivity of traditional evaluation methods on ground thermal infrared camouflage and correlation constraint is not easy to test and so on. The effect factors of thermal infrared camouflage were analyzed, the index system of model of ground thermal infrared camouflage was established, and based on it, the dynamic DEA (data envelopment analysis) model was applied to evaluate the ground thermal infrared camouflage. The example shows that the method in this paper can be applied to compare the DMUs (decision making units) efficiently and it can select the best DMU.
Semantic Web Technologies and NLP Techniques in a Practical Algorithm for Representing Concepts in Linked Data
Authors: Gao Shan , Wu Ji Yan
Published: January 2014

The algorithms used to representing concepts in linked data are time consuming. In this paper we propose an algorithm, called PARC, to infer automatically the function of citations by means of Semantic Web technologies and NLP techniques. We also present some preliminary experiments and discuss some strengths and limitations of this approach, a novel method to analyze this phenomenon, based on a thorough theoretical analysis, as well as a novel graph-based method to resolve such issues to some extent. Our experiments on DBpedia show that our method can used for representing concepts in web of linked data.
Applied Technology in an Interactive Design for a Web-Based Language Teaching System
Authors: Zhang Yi Fei , Ke Chun Yan
Published: January 2014

Information applied technology has greatly promoted language teaching efficiency through resources sharing, distributing and optimizing. In order to demonstrate how to construct a highly efficient teaching platform with the help of J2EE platform, the paper analyzes an ideal composition of an online language learning system, illustrates the way in which designers create a harmonious online teaching environment from the aspect of MVC architecture and software choosing, setting forth an interactive model design for a web-based ELT system.
Information Technology Based Supervision and Management of Online Drug Transactions in China
Authors: Wang Ying
Published: January 2014

In order to provide references for regulating the behavior of online drug transactions in china, the suggestions for strengthening the regulation of online drug transactions in china is put forward by analyzing the development situation of online drug transactions in china, as well as comparing with the regulation mode between china and foreign countries. The online drug transactions market in china is developing rapidly, but the illegal problems are serious. While drawing on the experience from foreign countries, we should speed up to formulate legislations for online drug transactions, use drug electronic supervision technology to ensure drug quality and give full play to the industry association and the consumer in the role of social supervision.
Research on Information Technology with Modeling and Simulating of Video Grid
Authors: Bao Guang Bin , Zhang Ke Xia , Zhao Hong
Published: January 2014

Based on video grid structure, A Video Grid model was established using AnyLogic simulation software. First, the components required for modeling functions are introduced, and then create a model entity, video service processes, animation and analysis chart. Simulation results show that the AnyLogic-based video grid model, the model parameters can be adjusted, not only from the macroscopic dynamic observation of the entire system dynamics, but also from the microscopic measurement of the specified components. The construction of the actual video grid can provide a decision support.
Effect of Aging Treatment on the Microstructures and the Magnetic Properties of the Sintered Nd-Fe-B Magnet
Authors: Wang Xiao Li , Zhao Li Na , Si Cong Hui , Ding Kai Hong , Cui Sheng Li , Sun Yong Cong , Li Mu Sen
Published: January 2014

The effect of aging processes on the microstructures and the magnetic properties of the sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet was investigated. The experimental results showed that the grain boundaries of the magnet treated by the two-stage aging processes became clear,smooth and continuous. Meanwhile, the Nd-rich grain boundary phase was precipitated at the grain boundary of the main phase to form a distinct phase separated from the main magnetic phase. The changes of the grain boundary microstructures of the sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet caused significant increase of its intrinsic coercive force.
The Extended Algorithm of the Bipartite Graph Matching Semantic Web Service Discovery
Authors: Liu Bing Yue
Published: January 2014

In previous work, the ontology-based algorithm of bipartite graph matching semantic web service discovery was presented. But in these algorithms, the problem of finding augment path was not resolved very well. It will affect the recall rate and precision rate of web service discovery. In order to resolve these problems, this paper proposes an ontology-based bipartite graph matching semantic web service discovery algorithm, which extends the optimal bipartite graph matching algorithm. It uses the slack function to find the augment path in the equivalent sub graph. The algorithm also contributes to the improvement of the recall rate and precision rate of the service discovery.
Research on Information Technology with Voiceprint Authentication Algorithm and its Implementation on Mobile Terminal
Authors: Cao Cai Feng , Liang Hua Rong , Liang Guo Chao
Published: January 2014

Mobile internet and its application is hot information technology. The study integrates and improves some speech processing algorithms to make them suitable for the mobile terminal environment and to realize user identity authentication. It uses one body's unique voiceprint information which has the characteristics of convenient, concise, efficient and safe. By studying pre-emphasis, hamming window and other speech signal pretreatment, the voiceprint feature extraction technique of Mel cepstrum parameters, pattern matching algorithm DTW, a algorithm scheme is established. The scheme has been implemented and verified. It is suitable for treating small amount of words voice authentication.
Experimental Fabrication and Property Research of Thermo-Sensitive Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nano-Microcapsule
Authors: Lu Qin Fang , Shang Yue , Shan Guo Rong
Published: January 2014

A thermo-sensitive organic-inorganic hybrid nanomicrocapsule was synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization through introducing N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) monomer to the copolymer of styrene that coat around the octane droplet and 3-trimethoxysil propyl methacrylate (MPS). The penetration and releasing behavior of cresol red in this nanomicrocapsule nearby the critical temperature was investigated with ultravioletvisible spectroscopy. The results showed that both the introduction of NIPAM monomer and the temperature affect the loading and releasing of cresol red in nanomicrocapsule and the microcapsule exhibited a certain penetration rate above the critical temperature, but the penetration was inconspicuous below the critical temperature, denoting that this nanomicrocapsule could realize on-off type of environmental thermo-sensitive controlled absorption and release.
Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immune Method for the Detection of Binders in Ancient Chinese Textiles
Authors: Liu Miao Miao , Zheng Yi Wei , Wang Bing , Zhou Yang , Hu Zhi Wen
Published: January 2014

In this study, an indirect ELISA was applied for specific identification of gelatin and collagen I in the binders of ancient Chinese textiles. The process consists of protein extraction and incubation, blocking, primary antibody incubation, secondary antibody incubation and coloration. To guarantee stringency, both artificially aged samples and archaeological samples were well prepared before testing. The results indicated that all the samples behaved positive for ovalbumin while negative for collagen I. This is the first time ELISA was applied in the detecting of binders of ancient textiles. Compared with other detecting methods, ELISA was sensitive, simple and specific. With such superior features, ELISA will become a frequently-used technique in the detection of proteins in ancient materials.
Preparation and Process Research of Starch/Thatch Composite
Authors: Lu Qin Fang , Li Guo Chao
Published: January 2014

A new type of starch/thatch composite with degradable property, which took starch as adhesive, thatch particles as main raw material and water as plasticizer, was successfully prepared by hot-embossing method. Mechanical properties of the composite such as hardness, tensile strength and ultimate elongation were investigated, and the effects of processing conditions on the mechanical properties were discussed. The results showed that the composite had the highest tensile strength and ultimate elongation but the lowest hardness when the amount of starch adhesive was 40% (dry basis) and water was 25% (wet basis) at hot-embossing temperature of 120°C for 10 min. It was suggested in our works that the hot-embossing method could be used to fabricate starch/thatch composite with starch content ranging from 20% to 50%, and that the composite with good hot-embossing process could be obtained by properly controlling the amount of starch and water.
Study on the Microstructure and Properties of WC Steel Bonded Carbide by Composite Electroslag Remelting
Authors: Zhang Chun Hong , Zhang Ning , Fang Jia Nan , Qiang Ying Huai
Published: January 2014

The composite electroslag remelting technology was prepared with Cr12Mo1V1 steel as matrix, and the WC particles as hard phase steel bonded carbide. By means of metallographic analysis and scanning electron microscopy and other methods to study the microstructure and grinding crack morphology of the composites, and rockwell hardness and friction and wear experiment was carried out. The results show that WC particles had no obvious slant phenomenon, partly dissolved in the steel matrix, Fe3W3C multiple carbides precipitated after cooling. And the external hardness and abrasion resistance fo the roll were higher than the core, combined with good WC particles and steel matrix, and wear surface grinding marks was small, shallow furrowed, improved the roll wear resistance and service life.
Serum and Glucocorticoid–Regulated Kinase 1 Regulates Neutrophil Clearance during Inflammation Resolution
Authors: Burgon Joseph , Robertson Anne L. , Sadiku Pranvera , Wang Xingang , Hooper-Greenhill Edward , Prince Lynne R. , Walker Paul , Hoggett Emily E. , Ward Jonathan R. , Farrow Stuart N. , Zuercher William J. , Jeffrey Philip , Savage Caroline O. , Ingham Philip W. , Hurlstone Adam F. , Whyte Moira K. B. , Renshaw Stephen A.
Published: January 2014

The inflammatory response is integral to maintaining health by functioning to resist microbial infection and repair tissue damage. Large numbers of neutrophils are recruited to inflammatory sites to neutralize invading bacteria through phagocytosis and the release of proteases and reactive oxygen species into the extracellular environment. Removal of the original inflammatory stimulus must be accompanied by resolution of the inflammatory response, including neutrophil clearance, to prevent inadvertent tissue damage. Neutrophil apoptosis and its temporary inhibition by survival signals provides a target for anti-inflammatory therapeutics, making it essential to better understand this process. GM-CSF, a neutrophil survival factor, causes a significant increase in mRNA levels for the known anti-apoptotic protein serum and glucocorticoid–regulated kinase 1 (SGK1). We have characterized the expression patterns and regulation of SGK family members in human neutrophils and shown that inhibition of SGK activity completely abrogates the antiapoptotic effect of GM-CSF. Using a transgenic zebrafish model, we have disrupted sgk1 gene function and shown this specifically delays inflammation resolution, without altering neutrophil recruitment to inflammatory sites in vivo. These data suggest SGK1 plays a key role in regulating neutrophil survival signaling and thus may prove a valuable therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory disease.
Heterotropic Modulation of Selectin Affinity by Allosteric Antibodies Affects Leukocyte Rolling
Authors: Riese Sebastian B. , Kuehne Christian , Tedder Thomas F. , Hallmann Rupert , Hohenester Erhard , Buscher Konrad
Published: January 2014

Selectins are a family of adhesion receptors designed for efficient leukocyte tethering to the endothelium under shear. As a key property to resist premature bond disruption, selectin adhesiveness is enhanced by tensile forces that promote the conversion of a bent into an extended conformation of the N-terminal lectin and epidermal growth factor–like domains. Conformation-specific Abs have been invaluable in deciphering the activation mechanism of integrins, but similar reagents are not available for selectins. In this study, we show that the anti-human L-selectin mAbs DREG-55 and LAM1-5 but not DREG-56, DREG-200, or LAM1-1 heterotropically modulate adhesion presumably by stabilizing the extended receptor conformation. Force-free affinity assays, flow chamber, and microkinetic studies reveal a ligand-specific modulation of L-selectin affinity by DREG-55 mAb, resulting in a dramatic decrease of rolling velocity under flow. Furthermore, secondary tethering of polymorphonuclear cells was blocked by DREG-200 but significantly boosted by DREG-55 mAb. The results emphasize the need for a new classification for selectin Abs and introduce the new concept of heterotropic modulation of receptor function.
Geology and metallogeny of the Kluane mafic-ultramafic belt, Yukon Territory, Canada: eastern Wrangellia - a new Ni-Cu-PGE metallogenic terrane
Authors: Hulbert L J
Published: January 2014

Triassic mafic-ultramafic intrusive complexes along the eastern margin of "Wrangellia", adjacent the Denali fault from east-central Alaska to northern British Columbia, constitutes a newly recognized Ni-Cu-PGE metallogenic terrane that can be traced along strike
for at least 600 km. These sill-like intrusive centres acted as subvolcanic magma chambers that fed the thick, overlying, oceanic plateau basalts of the Nikolai Group. Confinement of these olivine-rich ultramafic sills, Ni-Cu-PGE mineralization and more olivine normative and primitive coeval basalts
exclusively to the eastern portion of Wrangellia is believed to be a product of melts forming in closer proximity to the hotter axial "jet" of the mantle plume that initiated melting, relative to the cooler more distal portions. Although the parental magmas that gave rise to these intrusive and
extrusive rocks are clearly of a tholeiitic origin, the intrusive complexes have striking similarities to Archean and Proterozic komatiitic ultramafic bodies that host world class nickel sulphide deposits. The unprecedented levels of platinum group elements, the vast extent of this mineralized
terrane (second only to the Circum-Superior Belt of North America), the temporal association with Siberian trap magmatism, and the accompanying Noril'sk mineralizing event suggest that mantle plume activity during the Permo-Triassic was unique with respect to the Phanerozoic record.

Because of the potential economic significance of this newly recognized Ni- Cu-PGE metallogenic terrane, and the general absence of vital information pertaining to the intrusions, sulphide deposits and mineralized occurrences, and the surrounding local geology, the author has attempted to provide a
detailed documentation pertaining to this much needed information. In addition, this provides a better understanding of the tectono- stratigraphic and magmatic setting of Wrangellia and Ni-Cu-PGE metallogenic processes during the Triassic.
Field relations, petrology, and structure of Neoproterozoic rocks in the Caledonian Highlands, southern New Brunswick
Authors: Barr S M , White C E
Published: January 2014

The Caledonian Highlands of southern New Brunswick consist dominantly of Late Neoproterozoic rocks generally considered typical of the Avalon terrane of the northern Appalachian Orogen. Mainly tuffaceous metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks of the Broad River
Group and cogenetic dioritic to granitic plutons with ages ca. 620 Ma form most of the eastern Caledonian Highlands. The igneous rocks have petrological features indicative of origin in a continental-margin subduction zone. Tuffaceous metasedimentary rocks in the group host the Teahan and Lumsden
Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag-Au deposits. Significantly younger (ca. 560-550 Ma) volcanic and clastic sedimentary rocks of the Coldbrook Group form most of the western highlands, and occur locally throughout the highlands. The mainly tuffaceous lower part of the group has been intruded by gabbroic and
syenogranitic plutons that are interpreted to be cogenetic with basaltic and rhyolitic flows in the upper part of the group. This voluminous continental magmatism may have occurred during extension within the earlier subduction zone complex represented by the Broad River Group and associated
plutons.
The Broad River Group was deformed, regionally metamorphosed to greenschist facies, and locally mylonitized prior to deposition of the unconformably overlying Coldbrook Group. Both units were folded and slightly metamorphosed, probably during the Silurian and Devonian. This event may have been
related to juxtaposition with terranes to the northwest. Subsequent mid- to late Paleozoic mylonitization, thrusting, and brittle faulting may have been related to initiation of the Maritimes Basin, and to movement along the Avalon Meguma terrane boundary to the south and
east.
Geology of four plutons in central and northern Tetachuck Lake map area, central British Columbia
Authors: Billesberger S M , Anderson R G , Quat M B
Published: January 2014

At least four homogeneous and composite plutons intruded the Middle Jurassic Hazelton Group and were overlain by Tertiary volcanic rocks in the Tetachuck Lake map area (NTS 93 F/5). Field relationships, composition, and petrographic and geochemical features help
characterize the plutons. The Chelaslie River and Tetachuck-south plutons comprise biotite-hornblende (clinopyroxene) diorite and resemble the Middle Jurassic Stag Lake plutonic suite in geochemical composition. Hornblende-biotite quartz monzodiorite of the Tetachuck-north pluton is the most felsic
except for parts of the Chelaslie Arm pluton. Biotite-hornblende (clinopyroxene) monzodiorite of the Chelaslie Arm-1 phase within the composite Chelaslie Arm pluton is mineralogically unique due to the presence of rare orthopyroxene. The Chelaslie Arm-2 phase within the composite Chelaslie Arm
pluton is characterized by biotite-hornblende quartz monzonite, its peraluminous affinity, and the most geochemically evolved composition of the plutons studied. It resembles felsic members of the Stag Lake Suite or the (?)Eocene Copley Lake plutonic suite.
Regional geological mapping of the Oak Ridges Moraine, Greater Toronto area, southern Ontario
Authors: Sharpe D R , Barnett P J , Russell H A J , Brennand T A , Gorrell G
Published: January 2014

Geological maps are keys to communicating earth science information and their use is fundamental to land-use planning. A new 1:200 000 scale surficial geology map synthesizes recent 1:50 000 and 1:20 000 mapping in the Oak Ridges Moraine-Greater Toronto Area.
These regional geological data provide consistent mapping across the area in aid of terrain analysis, resource evaluation, and environmental assessment. The mapping provides, for the first time, the basis for developing regional geological models within the area.

The geological mapping synthesizes approximately 20 000 new and archival ground observations that are grouped into 11 deposits or map units. Map units have been organized into major sediment packages depicted in a three-dimensional regional geological model that highlights six principal
stratigraphic elements. These regional strata, from oldest to youngest, are: 1) bedrock, 2) lower deposits, 3) Newmarket Till, 4) Channel fill, 5) Oak Ridges Moraine, and 6) Halton Till.
Cytomorphological Aspects of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Our Experience at a Tertiary Center
Authors: Rathi Monika , Ahmad Faiyaz , Budania Satish Kumar , Awasthi Seema , Kumar Ashutosh , Dutta Shyamoli
Published: January 2014

Introduction

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common form of acquired hypothyroidism. Fine needle aspiration cytology is one important tool in diagnosing Hashimoto's thyroditis, along with clinical, biochemical, immunological and ultrasonographical modalities. The present study examines cytological aspects of Hashimoto's thyroiditis along with their correlation with clinical, biochemical and immunological findings, whenever available.

Materials and Methods

This is a retrospective study of 50 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Cytological findings were reviewed and correlated with clinical, biochemical and immunological findings whenever available.

Results

The majority of the patients were middle-aged females, with a female to male ratio of 6.14:1. Most patients presented with diffuse thyromegaly (68%) and/or hypothyroidism (56.09%). The antibody profile was available in 22% of patients. Of these, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies were raised in 81.81% of patients and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies were raised in 63.63% of patients. In the present study, high lymphoid to epithelial cell ratio was seen in 78% of cases, and 74% of cases showed Hurthle cell change. Follicular atypia was seen in 36% of cases. Lymphoid follicle formation was seen in seen in 54% of cases. Follicular cell infiltration by lymphocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils was seen in 72%, 48% and 26% of cases, respectively. Plasma cells were seen in 18% of cases.

Conclusion

Thyroid function tests and immunological tests cannot diagnose all cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Fine needle aspiration cytology continues to be a diagnostic tool of significance in diagnosing Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The presence of inflammatory cells, particularly lymphocytes and eosinophils, was detected in a significant proportion of cases.
Factors controlling the last interglacial climate as simulated by LOVECLIM1.3
Authors: Loutre M. F. , Fichefet T. , Goosse H. , Huybrechts P. , Goelzer H. , Capron E.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. The last interglacial (LIG), also identified to the Eemian in Europe, began approximately at 130 kyr BP and ended at about 115 kyr BP (Before Present). More and more proxy-based reconstructions of the LIG climate become available even though they remain sparse. The major climate forcings during the LIG are rather well known and therefore models can be tested against paleoclimatic datasets and then used to better understand the climate of the LIG. However, models are displaying a large range of responses, being sometimes contradictory between them or with the reconstructed data. Here we would like to investigate causes of these differences. We focus on a single climate model, LOVECLIM, and we perform transient simulations over the LIG, starting at 135 kyr BP and run until 115 kyr BP. With these simulations, we test the role of the surface boundary conditions (the time-evolution of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) ice sheets) on the simulated LIG climate and the importance of the parameter sets (internal to the model, such as the albedos of the ocean and sea ice), which affect the sensitivity of the model. The magnitude of the simulated climate variations through the LIG remains too low for climate variables such as surface air temperature. Moreover, in the North Atlantic, the large increase summer sea surface temperature towards the peak of the interglacial occurs too early (at ~128 kyr BP) compared to the reconstructions. This feature as well as the climate simulated during the optimum of the LIG, between 130 and 121 kyr BP, are robust to changes in surface boundary conditions and parameter sets. The additional freshwater flux (FWF) from the melting NH ice sheets is responsible for a temporary abrupt weakening of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, which causes a strong global cooling in annual mean. However, the changes in the configuration (extent and albedo) of the NH ice sheets during the LIG only slightly impact the simulated climate. Together, configuration of and FWF from the NH ice sheets greatly increase the magnitude of the temperature variations over continents as well as over the ocean at the beginning of the simulation and reduce the difference between the simulated climate and the reconstructions. At last, we show that the contribution from the parameter sets to the climate response is actually very modest.
Simulation of trace gases and aerosols over the Indian domain: evaluation of the WRF-Chem model
Authors: Michael M. , Yadav A. , Tripathi S. N. , Kanawade V. P. , Gaur A. , Sadavarte P. , Venkataraman C.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. The "online" meteorological and chemical transport Weather Research and Forecasting/Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model has been implemented over the Indian subcontinent for three consecutive summers in 2008, 2009 and 2010 to study the aerosol properties over the domain. The model simulated the meteorological parameters, trace gases and particulate matter. Predicted mixing ratios of trace gases (Ozone, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide) are compared with ground based observations over Kanpur. Simulated aerosol optical depth are compared with those observed at nine Aerosol Robotic Network stations (AERONET). The simulations show that the aerosol optical depth of the less polluted regions is better simulated compared to that of the locations where the aerosol loading is very high. The vertical profiles of extinction coefficient observed at the Kanpur Micropulse Lidar Network (MPLNET) station is underpredicted by the model by 10 to 50% for altitudes greater than 1.5 km and qualitatively simulate the elevated layers of aerosols. The simulated mass concentration of black carbon shows a correlation coefficient of 0.4 with observations. Vertical profiles of black carbon at various locations have also been compared with observations from an aircraft campaign held during pre-monsoon period of 2008 and 2009. This study shows that WRF-Chem model captures many important features of the observed atmospheric composition during the pre-monsoon season in India.
Water footprints of cities – indicators for sustainable consumption and production
Authors: Hoff H. , Döll P. , Fader M. , Gerten D. , Hauser S. , Siebert S.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. Water footprints have been proposed as sustainability indicators, relating the consumption of goods like food to the amount of water necessary for their production and the impacts of that water use in the source regions. We further developed the existing water footprint methodology, by globally resolving virtual water flows from production to consumption regions for major food crops at 5 arcmin spatial resolution. We distinguished domestic and international flows, and assessed local impacts of export production. Applying this method to three exemplary cities, Berlin, Delhi and Lagos, we find major differences in amounts, composition, and origin of green and blue virtual water imports, due to differences in diets, trade integration and crop water productivities in the source regions. While almost all of Delhi's and Lagos' virtual water imports are of domestic origin, Berlin on average imports from more than 4000 km distance, in particular soy (livestock feed), coffee and cocoa. While 42% of Delhi's virtual water imports are blue water based, the fractions for Berlin and Lagos are 2 and 0.5%, respectively, roughly equal to the water volumes abstracted in these two cities for domestic water use. Some of the external source regions of Berlin's virtual water imports appear to be critically water scarce and/or food insecure. However, for deriving recommendations on sustainable consumption and trade, further analysis of context-specific costs and benefits associated with export production will be required.
Dynamic mapping of flood boundaries: current possibilities offered by Earth Observation System and Cellular Automata
Authors: Gerardi A. , Ioannilli M. , Del Frate F.
Published: January 2014

Abstract. Flooding is an ongoing and complex problem in Italy. Very large floods caused inundation of the closest areas to the city centre in Rome in 1937, 1976, 1992, 2005 and most recently in 2008. Rome is located at the bottom of the Tiber River catchment, which cover an area of 16 000 km2. Intense precipitations struck the Tyrrhenian Sea side of the peninsula inducing a flood event on the Tiber and Aniene's (Tiber's tributary) basins – which captured the attention of the national and international media. Actually there is no validated model in operation for real-time flood forecasting. This research aims at comparing the Cellular Model CAESAR (Cellular Automation Evolutionary Slope And River) application on a reach of the Aniene River with Earth Observation Systems. The main result expected is the prediction of future channel dynamics on short and medium time scale.
Pancreatitis, panniculitis and polyarthritis
Authors: Katz Steven J. , Kydd Alison , Yacyshyn Elaine A.
Published: January 2014

Objectives: To present a case of pancreatitis, panniculitis and polyarthritis syndome, including the full spectrum of the arthritis component. Methods: A case of PPP syndrome was examined, with a detailed review of the patient's synovial fluid aspirate including cell count, crystals, culture and a lipid analysis which was compared to a control patient. Results: The synovial fluid aspirate from PPP syndrome demonstrates unique crystal formation and higher lipids. Conclusion: PPP syndrome is a rare condition which can be difficult to diagnose.  A lipid analysis of a patient's synovial fluid aspirate may be a useful tool to aid in the diagnosis.
Clinical implication of FDG-PET/CT in monitoring disease activity in large-vessel giant cell arteritis linked with secondary polymyalgia rheumatica
Authors: Taniguchi Yoshinori , Nakayama Shuichi , Terada Yoshio
Published: January 2014

Seventy year-old female presented low-grade fever, neck and pelvic girdle pain, jaw claudication and pulseless without visual disturbance. Laboratory examinations showed that C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were 11 mg/dl and 123 mm/1hr, respectively. FDG-PET/CT findings demonstrated bilateral subclavian, carotid and femoral arteritis and aortitis in addition to bursitis and enthesitis of spinous process and pelvic girdle. We diagnosed as large-vessel giant cell arteritis (GCA) linked with secondary polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). Glucocorticoid therapy was started, and not only these symptoms and but also abnormal findings of FDG-PET/CT were improved.
Cystoid macular edema associated with acitretin
Authors: Yap Joel , Buller Alex
Published: January 2014

Cystoid macular edema represents a "final common pathway" response of the retina to a variety of insults. It has been reported in association with vascular problems, inflammatory conditions, inherited diseases, tractional problems, intraocular surgery and medications. We report a case of cystoid macular edema associated with acitretin in a 65-year-old woman and document its resolution with optical coherence tomography.
Comparative Study of an Ondansetron and a Ramosetron an Aprepitant in the Control of Nausea and Vomiting in Gynecologinc Cancer Patient with Chemotherapy
Authors: Yun HANGGOO , Kim Heung Yeol , Jeh Eun ae
Published: January 2014

ResultsThe efficacy of controlling nausea with an ondansetron regimen and a ramosetron regimen and an aprepitant regimen was 85.29%, 78.26%, 80% in acute periods (P-value = 0.037) and 88.23%, 98.26%, 87.5% in delayed periods (P-value = 0.000), respectively. The efficacy of controlling vomiting with an ondansetron regimen and a ramosetron regimen and an aprepitant regimen and an ondansetron regimen was 82.35%, 97.3%, 90% in acute periods (P-value=0.002) and 82.35%, 100%, 95% in delayed periods (P-value = 0.000), respectively. The common adverse effects in each groups were not significantly. ConclusionsAppropriate to each patient’s symptoms, the choice of drugs will be needed since each of the drugs have different effects on vomiting. Even though the each antiemetic drug has good efficacy, the effect of the drug is not complete. Therefore the use of additional drugs are also needed. ObjectivesChemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting is most distressing adversed effects in gynecologic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. we compared effectiveness of ondansetron and ramosetron and aprepitant for optimal antiemetic treatment in gynecologic cancer patient receiving chemotherapy. MethodsThe study was performed retrospective on 189 patients who was diagnosed initially the gynecological cancer during chemotherapy at Kosin university hospital between January 2008 and December 2010. The efficacy of controlling acute/delayed nausea and vomiting were analyzed by counting numbers of nausea and vomiting reported in medical records of 189 patient receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Statistical analysis was performed using the ANOVA and Fisher’s exact chi-square test. ResultsThe efficacy of controlling nausea with an ondansetron regimen and a ramosetron regimen and an aprepitant regimen was 85.29%, 78.26%, 80% in acute periods (P-value = 0.037) and 88.23%, 98.26%, 87.5% in delayed periods (P-value = 0.000), respectively. The efficacy of controlling vomiting with an ondansetron regimen and a ramosetron regimen and an aprepitant regimen and an ondansetron regimen was 82.35%, 97.3%, 90% in acute periods (P-value=0.002) and 82.35%, 100%, 95% in delayed periods (P-value = 0.000), respectively. The common adverse effects in each groups were not significantly. ConclusionsAppropriate to each patient’s symptoms, the choice of drugs will be needed since each of the drugs have different effects on vomiting. Even though the each antiemetic drug has good efficacy, the effect of the drug is not complete. Therefore the use of additional drugs are also needed.
Application of Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging (DITI) in the Monitoring of Change of Skin Temperature about Vascular Supply of Lower Abdominal Axial Flap in the Rabbit
Authors: Choi Hyun nam , Park Jin Hyung , Han Yea Sik , Kim Sin Rak , Kim Han Kyeol
Published: January 2014

MethodsEight male New Zealand white rabbits with average weight of 3kg were used. A 10 x 10 cm unipedicled fasciocutaneous island flap was elevated based on the left superficial inferior epigastric vessel. The surface temperatures on designed flap were checked with DITI for 24 hours after the operation. On 14th day after the operation, the surviving area was measured and compared with DITI image which was taken on 24 hours after the operation using digital analysis software ImageJ. Statistical analysis was evaluated by paired T-test ResultsOn DITI image 24 hours after the flap elevation, distal portion of the flap showed remarkable color change. The average percentage and the standard deviation of the survival area of the flap which is predicted by DITI and the average percentage and the standard deviation of the survival area of the flap which was actually measured 2 weeks after flap elevation were 55.3 (16.6), 56.2 (18.0), respectively. This shows no significant difference between the two. ObjectivesMonitoring viability of flap is important. The flap survival depends on the vascularity of the flap, on which the skin temperature depends. The authors applied digital infrared thermographic imaging (DITI) for monitoring the vascular supply of the flap and for the prediction of the prognosis of the flap survival. MethodsEight male New Zealand white rabbits with average weight of 3kg were used. A 10 x 10 cm unipedicled fasciocutaneous island flap was elevated based on the left superficial inferior epigastric vessel. The surface temperatures on designed flap were checked with DITI for 24 hours after the operation. On 14th day after the operation, the surviving area was measured and compared with DITI image which was taken on 24 hours after the operation using digital analysis software ImageJ. Statistical analysis was evaluated by paired T-test ResultsOn DITI image 24 hours after the flap elevation, distal portion of the flap showed remarkable color change. The average percentage and the standard deviation of the survival area of the flap which is predicted by DITI and the average percentage and the standard deviation of the survival area of the flap which was actually measured 2 weeks after flap elevation were 55.3 (16.6), 56.2 (18.0), respectively. This shows no significant difference between the two. ConclusionsThis study shows that DITI system could be used in evaluation of flap vascularity with ease, quickness and safety for patient and flap. Thus, it could be used clinically for the prediction of flap survival.
Clinical Features and Histological Findings of 17 Patients with Chronic Actinic Dermatitis
Authors: Jang Min Soo , Lee Kang Hoon , Han Sang Hwa , Park Jong Bin , Kang Dong Young , Kim Sang Tae , Suh Kee Suck
Published: January 2014

ObjectivesThis study was designed to evaluate the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical findings and treatment of chronic actinic dermatitis in Korean patients. MethodsSeventeen Korean patients with chronic actinic dermatitis were enrolled for this study. The clinical and histological findings and the results of phototest were reviewed with medical records, clinical photographs and pathologic slides. We also reviewed the effectiveness of the treatments in all patients with chronic actinic dermatitis. ResultsIn all patients with chronic actinic dermatitis, pruritus was severe, and the patients present in the early stages with erythemas on the face, neck and the back of the hands. As the eruption progresses, it became lichenified and scaly plaques and papules developed. The face, upper extremity and neck were most commonly affected. The most common abnormal results of the phototests were decreased MED-UVB alone. In 8 patients with actinic reticuloid, histopathologic findings showed irregular acanthosis, parakeratosis, spongiosis, atypical hyperchromatic cells with cerebriform nuclei, epidermotropism, Pautrier-like microabscess, deep perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates, vertically-streaked collagen in the papillary dermis, stellate and multinucleated fibroblasts. Treatment includes topical tacrolimus and corticosteroid, oral corticosteroid, azathioprine and cyclosporine. ConclusionsOur study showed classic clinical and histological findings. The most common abnormal results of the phototests were decreased MED-UVB alone. Topical steroid, tacrolimus and systemic cyclosporine, azathioprine are effective in treating chronic actinic dermatitis.
Bladder Pheochromocytoma Presented as Thunderclap Headache Triggered by Urination and Angina Pectoris
Authors: Han You Jin , Shin Ho Sik , Soon Yeon , Rim Jung Hark , Ock So Young , Kim Eun Jeong
Published: January 2014

Pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-producing tumor characterized by hypertension, headache, tachycardia, excessive diaphoresis, and angina pectoris. The thunderclap headache is so named because the pain strikes suddenly and severely. Although the symptoms of bladder pheochromocytoma are rather evident, the diagnosis of this rare neuroendocrine tumor can be missed. This study reports the case of a woman diagnosed with bladder pheochromocytoma who experienced thunderclap headache triggered by urination and angina pectoris as an initial manifestation. This case study suggests that thunderclap headache and angina pectoris occurring concurrently with sudden blood pressure elevation during or immediately after urination are important diagnostic clues of bladder pheochromocytoma.
A Case of Type III Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome
Authors: Gwoo Sangeon , Choi Young Sik , Kim Bu Kyung , Park Yo Han , Kim Keun Tae , Lee Jun Seop
Published: January 2014

The autoimmune polyglandular syndromes (APS) are groups of syndromes comprising a combination of endocrine and nonendocrine autoimmune diseases. Among of those four types of APS, the main characteristics of the 3 APS are autoimmune thyroid diseases associated to other autoimmune diseases, excluding Addison’s disease. Type 3 APS are also subdivided into 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D. Recently, we experience a case of APS manifesting 3A, 3C, and 3D subtype. A 28-year-old woman developed type I diabetes. According to her medical history, she had Graves’ disease, vitiligo, auimmune hemolytic anemia and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The antoantibodies associated with Graves’ disease, SLE, and type I diabetes showed positive findings. We report this case with literatures review.
A Tubercus Sclerosis Case Accompanied by Cystic Angiomyolipoma and Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnosed during Treatment for Acute Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Kim Heejun , Moh Inho , Jung Da-Hye , Lee Young-Ki , Woo Ji-Young , Lee Yul , Noh Jung-Woo
Published: January 2014

Symptoms of tuberous scelrosis (TS) are mainly related with brain and kidneys. Seizure, mental retardation, other behavioral problems are dominant. A spectrum of renal tumors from benign angiomyolipoma (AML) to polycystic kidney disease, and rarely malignant renal cell carcinoma have been observed. Cystic AML is a rare phenotype of AML. No case of TS with renal cystic AML has been reported in Korea yet. And chronic kidney disease (CKD) in TS has been seldom reported. We experienced a TS case accompanied by renal cystic AML and CKD diagnosed in a 48-year-old female patient who was hospitalized for left side weakness and seizure under the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction.
Politiques d’activation des jeunes et modalités d’accompagnement. Le cas du programme FORJAD en Suisse
Authors: Bonvin Jean-Michel , Dif-Pradalier Maël , Rosenstein Emilie
Published: January 2014

L’article analyse les récents développements de l’accompagnement social à partir d’une étude approfondie du programme FORJAD (formation pour jeunes adultes en difficulté) permettant à de jeunes adultes inscrits à l’aide sociale suisse d’accéder à une formation professionnelle. À partir d’une étude comparant la nature et les modalités d’intervention de différentes figures professionnelles auprès de ces jeunes (assistants sociaux, professionnels des mesures d’insertion, coachs), nous questionnons la normativité de ces nouvelles formes d’accompagnement social et évaluons leur potentiel d’autonomisation réelle des bénéficiaires à l’aune de l’approche par les capacités développée par Amartya Sen.
Parcours de jeunes en grande difficulté : à l’interaction des logiques d’intervention professionnelles et des usages juvéniles de l’aide sociale
Authors: Muniglia Virginie , Rothé Céline
Published: January 2014

La configuration de la solidarité publique envers les jeunes en difficulté d’insertion en France, oscillant entre vision familialiste et injonction à l’insertion professionnelle, fragilise particulièrement les jeunes déjà vulnérables du fait de difficultés d’insertion associées à une absence de soutien familial. L’article explore la façon dont le caractère faiblement protecteur de la solidarité publique pour les jeunes entre 16 et 25 ans induit une interdépendance forte entre la négociation des identités individuelles et le rapport développé au système d’aide. Il montre en effet que les histoires de vie difficiles, les recompositions identitaires qu’elles génèrent ainsi que la nature du réseau relationnel sur lequel les jeunes peuvent s’appuyer conditionnent la façon dont ils expérimentent la situation de précarité tout comme leurs modalités de recours à l’aide. Il met également en lumière l’incidence sur la relation d’aide de la rencontre entre logiques d’intervention professionnelles et logiques d’usage des jeunes bénéficiaires.
Les expériences méconnues des jeunes itinérants « à risque » : vivre et survivre
Authors: MacDonald Sue-Ann
Published: January 2014

Le but de l’article est de dévoiler les représentations des notions de risque chez les jeunes itinérants. Son objectif est de contribuer à la compréhension de la notion de risque concernant un groupe qui se dépeint lui-même comme « à risque » et évoluant dans un monde et une phase de vie définis comme incertains (Galland, 1993 ; Gilbert, 2004 ; Le Breton, 2005 ; Parazelli, 1999 ; Turz, 1993). Plus précisément, la recherche sur laquelle se base l’article s’intéressait à appréhender les constructions du risque que font les jeunes de la rue eux-mêmes en lien avec leurs identités en évolution, d’autant plus que ces jeunes sont définis comme un groupe à risque. Une sociologie de la jeunesse à risque prend de l’ampleur dans la littérature et oscille entre deux pôles : victimisation et déviance. Or les expériences des jeunes sont méconnues et peu considérées hors de ce pendule. L’article tente de combler ce vide.