bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formalizing the process of artificial aquaculture rearing in pond farming
Authors: Krasnikov Aleksandr , Beresneva Yana
Published: December 2024

A significant portion of fish consumed by people today is artificially farmed. This is due to the simple fact that markets cannot be fully supplied with naturally grown fish due to the exhaustion of fish stocks in the global oceans. Fish farming is the fastest-growing food production sector in the world. Fish farming is a complex process that requires the control and monitoring of numerous environmental and health characteristics. The use of complex solutions that provide data acquisition from measuring devices, results of objective control, their processing, and the creation of recommendations to improve the conditions of hydrobionts on a fish farm is a critical and urgent problem that must be addressed. To solve this, we developed a conceptual simulation model of fish farming processes. This model establishes key objects and their characteristics, as well as rules affecting their changes. We applied the method of system dynamics to create this model. The model can be used in an intelligent system. This system will provide recommendations for effectively managing fish farming processes to ensure the growth of fish to marketable size.
Software solution for social monitoring of water bodies
Authors: Mudrakova Olga , Krasnikova Irina
Published: December 2024

The network of state water monitoring stations established in Russia is stationary, which creates certain problems for timely detection of problems related to negative impact on the respective ecosystems. One of the main problems is the unauthorized discharge of wastewater into centralized sewage systems or natural water bodies, which in the first case increases the critical load of the networks and in the second case threatens the environmental well-being. Involving the local population in the processes of monitoring and control of the state of water bodies is able to detect the problem location in time. The purpose of the work was to create the functionality of an intelligent system that provides interaction of the population with public authorities, specialized agencies and organizations on the identification of problems related to the state of water resources. Formalization of the subject area allowed us to develop the functional capabilities of such an intelligent system and determine their availability in accordance with the role of the user in the system.
Technology for preparing prototype biopreparations based on microalgae
Authors: Tagaeva Mukhayo , Gulova Anorgul , Koshshaeva Nafisa
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the technology for preparing a prototype biopreparation based on algal microalgae, specifically from B. braunii - AnDI-115 and Chlorococcum infusionum – AnDI-76. The aim is to cultivate algal objects on an industrial scale, focusing on economic indicators, including reducing the cost of the final product, selecting its preparative form, and facilitating its application process. Based on the exemplary technology of biotechnological production, during the researches, in order to facilitate the process of industrial cultivation of algal objects in the Chu- 13 nutrient medium, its economic indicators, including the reduction of the cost of the finished product, the selection of its preparation form and the process of its application Taking into account that when two or more species of microorganisms are grown together, they synthesize unexpected metabolic substances in order to increase the mutual competition and development activity of microbes, B. braunii - AnDI-115 Chlorococcum infusionum - AnDI from algal microalgae grown in Chu-13 nutrient medium From -76, there was an opinion about the technology of preparing a sample biopreparation.
Radon concentrations and radiological risks in canned meats using etching technique
Authors: Alasadi Lubna , Raad Taher Mustafa , Baqer Mohammed Zahrah , Abojassim Ali Abid
Published: December 2024

This study evaluated the radon gas concentration of different samples of fresh canned meat available in Iraqi markets. A solid-state nuclear track detector (CR-39) uses a chemical etching technique for 1 hour at a temperature of 98°C in NaOH (6.25 N) concentrations. All radon, radium, and uranium concentrations were in an average value of 0.0461±0.0093Bq/kg 0.0041±0.00083 Bq/kg, and 0.0510±0.0103Bq/kg respectively. Also, radiological risks of annual effective doses were determined and found with Average values of 0.5066±0.1006 µSv/year, and also, excess live cancer risk was 1.773±0.3522. At the same time, all these values for infants, children, and adults were all within a safe limit. SPSS program version 26.0 showed descriptive statistics, histogram distribution and box plot, which shows that all values with normal distribution and some sample values were outliers. Finally, all values were within acceptable limits according to many international health organizations WHO, EPA, and ICRP and did not poss any hazard on human healt.
Strategic solutions for sustainable environmental management
Authors: Turdiyeva Nigora , Babanazarova Maftuna , Raximova Nargiza , Shoyeva Yulduz
Published: December 2024

In this article, the impact of ecology on the environment and the impact of its waste on it are studied, and the possibilities of planning this process are studied. In this regard, issues of implementing the relationship between man and nature through the impact of waste on the environment, reducing the impact of electronic waste, further strengthening the impact of ecology on the tourism sector, strategic planning and monitoring of effective environmental management. discussed. Also, the impact of waste on the environment was considered on the basis of various analyses, proposals and recommendations were developed based on the opinions of research scientists.
Environmental problems - are the focus of attention in the development of New Uzbekistan
Authors: Yadgarova Gulbahor , Bakhrieva Nargiza
Published: December 2024

This article discusses issues related to environmental problems, issues related to air pollution and the negative impact of industrial enterprises on the environment, ensuring environmental safety, and also gives an opinion on research work carried out within the framework of the national project “Green Region” in the field of improving the environmental condition of the regions.
Aluminium booth systems use in Thailand's exhibition industry in context of management ecologization
Authors: Sattayathamrongtian Monchana , Sattayathamrongthian Mahachai
Published: December 2024

This research explores the challenges and opportunities of using Standard Aluminum Booth Systems in Thailand's exhibition industry. While these modular systems are valued for their ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and reusability, exhibitors face key challenges such as limited design flexibility and difficulties integrating advanced technologies. Through in- depth interviews with 23 stakeholders, including exhibitors, event organizers, and booth contractors—this study identifies critical factors influencing the adoption of these systems, framed by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2). The findings highlight exhibitors' appreciation for the modularity and portability of aluminum booths but reveal dissatisfaction with their lack of distinctiveness in competitive environments. Additionally, exhibitors increasingly demand customizable layouts, integrated smart technologies, and sustainable materials to align with evolving industry needs. The growing emphasis on sustainability is also evident, with a focus on eco-friendly solutions to reduce waste in booth construction.The research offers practical recommendations for stakeholders to enhance booth designs by incorporating advanced technologies, expanding customization options, and improving sustainability. These insights contribute to optimizing aluminum booth systems to meet the changing needs of exhibitors and align with global exhibition trends.
Digitalization of environmental accounting: Current trends and prospects
Authors: Klychova Guzaliya , Zakirova Alsou , Zakirova Sabina , Alexandrova Elena , Yusupova Alfiya , Khayrullin Adel
Published: December 2024

Environmental accounting is one of the main tools of the environmental management system of an economic entity. To generate environmental reporting for enterprises, an effective accounting system based on the use of digital technologies should be organized. A detailed study of the current market of services through which enterprises can conduct accounting online, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages allowed us to conclude that it is necessary to introduce modern information technologies into the environmental accounting system. In the course of the study it was found that one of the most promising and most adaptive is blockchain technology. The step-by-step approach to implementing blockchain technology proposed in the study includes such steps as learning and understanding, conducting a needs assessment, selecting the right blockchain platform, developing a proof of concept, establishing clear governance and standards, integrating with existing systems, pilot implementation, full-scale implementation and training, and continuous monitoring and optimization.
Spatial analysis of the territory of a megapolis city: Environmental aspect
Authors: Zakirova Alsou , Klychova Guzaliya , Kurakova Chulpan , Nikitenko Igor , Zakirov Ayaz , Tarasov Artyom
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to conduct a spatial analysis of the territory of a city-millionaire using modern geoinformation methods and technologies. The focus of our analysis is the location of residential, industrial, public-business, and recreational zones, as well as the availability of education, health, culture, recreation, religion, service, and hotel industry facilities. For spatial analysis the geoinformation program QGIS was used, with the help of which the analysis of the actual use of the territory of a separate district of the city-millionaire was carried out, the analysis of provision of the territory of the district with the objects of socio-economic infrastructure, the assessment of transport accessibility of various objects on the territory of the district. The study also identified the directions of digital technology utilization, which can make a significant contribution to the modern geographical research and practice of sustainable development of territories.
Declarative position of the BRICS on environmental and sustainable development issues
Authors: Astakhova Marina
Published: December 2024

In recent years environmental and sustainable development issues have grown in urgency and importance to the public. Policy makers, legislators and researchers actively address these problems. This research examines the declarative position of the BRICS on environmental and sustainable development issues. The relevance of the research is explained by the fact that current studies focus only on some environmental aspects of international treaties and national laws of the BRICS countries. The study of the declarative position of the BRICS based on the BRICS Summits Declarations adopted from 2011 to 2023. The norms of the Declarations are analyzed for the environmental and sustainable development provisions. As a result, it is concluded that the declarative position of the BRICS on environmental and sustainable development issues is a set of environmental and sustainable development provisions of the BRICS Summits Declarations containing opinions, intentions and, calls of the BRICS Heads of States. This study can contribute to a better understanding of the nature of the BRICS norms.
Increasing the durability methods of the drilling string lock connection
Authors: Nikiforov Igor , Sadikhova Nahayat
Published: December 2024

An integrated approach to the technological preparation of production ensures the accuracy and quality of the surface layer of highly loaded parts, which increases the value of fatigue resistance, as well as forms compressive stresses. Analysis of the data obtained during the research showed that compressive residual stresses in the surface layer were formed by applying finishing operations. Increasing the fatigue resistance of the hardened surface leads to an increase in the durability of mechanical engineering products. At the same time, attention should be paid to the study of the surface accuracy and quality based on the technological process improvement.
Implementation of energy efficiency measures in school construction projects taking into account the green zoom standard
Authors: Kalaicheva Ekaterina , Fedorovskaya Albina , Sheina Svetlana
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the introduction of energy-efficient technologies in the design process of general educational institutions with a focus on sustainable development and environmental safety. Using the example of school assessment according to the GREEN ZOOM system, the authors analyze the key aspects related to the choice of modern solutions aimed at reducing energy consumption and optimizing utility resources. Methodological approaches to assessing the energy efficiency of educational buildings are highlighted, and examples of successful practices in the construction and operation of educational institutions are discussed. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of integrating energy-efficient technologies into architectural projects to improve the quality of the educational environment and reduce environmental impact. The article is intended for architects, designers and specialists in the field of education and ecology.
Environmental education in Higher School
Authors: Rodina Olga , Panova Alexandra , Zaichko Margarita , Medvedeva Inessa , Laletina Natalia
Published: December 2024

The importance of environmental education of the younger generation is recognized at the national and international levels. It is noted that the integration of environmental education into the system of general, professional and supplementary education as a steady interdisciplinary educational process helps continuous development of environmental literacy, environmental awareness, environmental thinking, environmental behavior, environmental culture and, in general, an environmentally oriented personality. In this regard, the aim of our research was to green engineering education in Higher School. Research methods: a theoretical analysis of scientific publications and a summary of advanced experience on ecological education, pedagogical observation and conversation, content analysis of studentsꞌ written assignments and project works. As a result, the paper generalizes theoretical knowledge about environmental education and substantiates that environmental education in Higher School is possible through enriching curricula with environmental topics and applying IT and interactive technologies that involve university engineering students in environmentally oriented activities. It concludes that IT and ecology oriented interactive technologies contribute to an increase in social and ecological knowledge, development of skills for interpreting information in the field of ecology and increasing experience in dealing with various environmental problems of local, regional, national or international significance. The results presented in research supplement the theory and practice of environmental education in Higher School and can be applied to the greening of curricula of various university disciplines, which is relevant in the context of the greening of higher education.
Strategies for effective agricultural staff training: Regional insights
Authors: Kulaev Egor , Petenev Alexander , Lesnykh Juliya , Gatsalova Larisa , Fomicheva Lilia , Ivashova Valentina
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a regional study of the training of engineering staff for the agricultural complex of Stavropol Krai (expert assessments of the professional community). The scientific publications’ review of the science-intensive Scopus database confirms the relevance of the study not only for Russia, but also for many other regions of the world. 69 people took part in the expert survey – representatives of enterprises and organizations of the agro-industrial complex of the region (holding engineering management positions). We made the theoretical substantiation of approaches in the expert assessment of training processes. Thereafter, we implemented survey procedures in the engineering professional environment of Stavropol Krai in the empirical part of the study. On this basis we substantiated the conclusions: the high interest of the engineering professional community in organizing strategic cooperation with higher education organizations in the region for graduate training; willingness to participate in the educational process of the university, the organization of practical training of engineering staff, evaluation procedures of an independent qualification examination, professional and public accreditation.
Pathways for achieving efficiency and sustainability of the energy sector: A case of Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Krayneva Raisa , Parmanasova Aisulu , Korneeva Elena
Published: December 2024

The paper discusses pathways for enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of the energy sector within the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), which includes Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia. This region is characterized by a rich diversity of energy resources, ranging from Russia's vast fossil fuel reserves to Kyrgyzstan's significant hydropower potential. The study aims to explore how these nations can transition from reliance on traditional energy sources to more sustainable and energy-efficient practices. The research employs an analysis of energy policies, infrastructure, and technological advancements within the EAEU. Key findings indicate that while the region’s abundant resources present opportunities for economic growth, achieving sustainability will require significant policy reforms, technological innovations, and regional cooperation. The paper concludes that a balanced approach, integrating energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies, is essential for addressing environmental concerns and ensuring long-term energy security in the EAEU. This transition holds significance not only for the region but also for its contribution to global efforts in sustainable energy development.
Research of COVID-19 infection waves using mathematical models at different levels
Authors: Misyurin Sergey , Nelubin Andrey , Trofimov Alexander , Nozdracheva Anna , Nosova Natalia , Khokhlov Nikolay
Published: December 2024

The work is devoted to the problem of predicting the increase in the incidence of viral infections such as COVID-19 using mathematical models of different levels. The world continues to study the entire accumulated set of data on the fight against the new coronavirus infection, including morbidity statistics, using various analytical methods. One of these methods is the construction of mathematical models of the COVID-19 epidemic process, which is based on the “susceptible-infected- recovered” (SIR) model proposed more than a century ago. The work shows that the complication of mathematical models that take into account the change in genovariant of SARS-CoV-2 can lead to incorrect results and erroneous conclusions, both for short and long periods. At the same time, the use of a fairly simple SIR model for each period of dominance of a certain variant of the pathogen gives an acceptable forecast result for a short period.
Alloy modeling in ecological tourism development concept in Russia
Authors: Boikova Galina , Smirnova Yuliya
Published: December 2024

Russia has developed and adopted a government-level strategy for the development of the tourism industry. This strategy includes a set of measures for developing ecological tourism. Russia has an enormous amount of natural resources, including numerous reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, parks, lakes, mountain ranges, and other attractions that will draw not only domestic tourists but also tourists from all over the world. The creation of digital models that simulate key aspects of natural sites where tourist projects are planned to be implemented allows us to forecast changes in the state of the natural ecosystem, tourist flows, and supporting infrastructure with precision. This paper presents the main results of modeling river rafting routes in the Republic of Tyva (Russia). This object of research was chosen because it represents the initial level of tourism development in the republic (according to the national tourism rating among Russian regions). To achieve this, first, it is necessary to determine the factor that could affect the condition of our key rafting sites.
Technologies utilised to solve emerging environmental issues
Authors: Esmurzaeva Madina , Bagov Artur , Safarov Ildar
Published: December 2024

The article will look into the obvious issues of the modern days. The state of the environment in modern times is on the brink of an abyss. One can argue that the tendency of degradation is still going up. Although steps are being taken to slow this trend, at least for this decade. In reality, we are far from close. When we want to introduce new technologies to fight an environmental disaster, one needs to understand that the same technology with a positive goal can have another side. Technology is in the first place in terms of environmental pollution. However, they are by no means to blame, as they are guided by a human. Therefore, technology can be used for good, and in the same way, the same technology can be used for harm. The following article aims to identify technologies that are used to solve environmental problems or at least can be used in the future. In addition, this work attempts to outline the essence of the problem, as well as review some of the work done to understand the use of technology.
System modernization of agriculture under digitalization conditions
Authors: Afonasova Margarita , Bogomolova Alyona
Published: December 2024

The article reveals the main trends in the development of agriculture and the agro-industrial sector of the economy as a whole, the existing problems in the use of digital technologies and automated agrotechnical solutions. The subject of the study is the agricultural industry functioning under the conditions of new technological and economic challenges. The purpose of the study is to form conceptual ideas about the prospects of using digital solutions to ensure sustainable development of agriculture in the conditions of global technological changes and actualization of the ESG agenda. Key factors and conditions of digital and ESG transformation of agriculture are identified. The current directions of systemic modernization of the industry are identified. It is shown that digitalization and modernization allow to develop the practice of sustainable development of agriculture and agro-industrial complex as a whole.
Discussion issues of state support for environmental entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation
Authors: Osipov Danila
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the provisions of the domestic legal framework and legal doctrine on the controversial issues of legal regulation of state support of environmental entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation. The opinions and approaches of domestic and foreign researchers are studied, the vector of development of legal regulation in the above mentioned sphere is outlined, theoretical and applied problems are presented, as well as ways of their neutralization in the foreseeable future. Theoretical and practical significance of the achieved results consists in the possibility of their use in the course of further scientific development on the issues of normative-legal provision of state support of environmental entrepreneurship, as well as in the development of educational and methodological materials on the disciplines of the public-law cycle. The formulated results of the study embody the author's subjective view of the stated problems, which does not diminish the axiology of the research results of other authors.
Absorption cleaning of fuel gases in an activated carbon production plant
Authors: Gilfanov K. K. , Safin R.G. , Sotnikov V. G.
Published: December 2024

Today, waste recycling in Russia is becoming increasingly important, since new, in-demand products are obtained during their recycling. But for many enterprises, recycling of production waste is becoming impossible due to many constraints, the key one being environmental pollution during the recycling of this waste. The most effective and environmentally friendly method of recycling waste is its thermochemical decomposition into coal, combustible gas and liquid fuel. But even with pyrolysis, which is quite safe for the environment, emissions of harmful substances occur that pollute the atmosphere. The solution to the problem of emissions of harmful impurities is sorption gas purification systems. During adsorption purification, gas with harmful impurities is passed through a solid material with a high specific surface area, during absorption purification, the gas is purified using a liquid component that absorbs harmful particles of gas emissions. The price of adsorbents is quite high and requires frequent replacement due to rapid saturation, therefore this paper presents an absorption system for cleaning flue gases, implemented in a pyrolysis waste processing plant. The principle of the absorber is to repeatedly pass the absorbent through gas emissions. The purified gas is harmless to the environment and can be safely released into the atmosphere.
Response Surface Optimization of The Fermentation Process of Mulberry Leaf Tea by Eurotium Cristatum
Authors: Liu Zijun , Zhu Liping
Published: December 2024

1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), a functional ingredient in mulberry leaf tea, was used as an indicator during the response surface optimization of the solid-state fermentation process to prepare mulberry leaf tea with Eurotium cristatum in order to improve the quality of the product. The product α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was then examined. The findings indicate that the optimal conditions for preparing mulberry leaf tea fermented by E. cristatum are a 40% moisture content in the substrate, a 5% inoculum amount for 6 days of fermentation, and a maximum DNJ content of 3.09 mg/g. The resulting products had a golden yellow color, a reddish-brown tea broth, a full-bodied taste, and no longer had any grassy flavor. These results effectively improved the quality of the mulberry leaf tea and offered a theoretical foundation for the production of high-quality mulberry leaf tea.
Deep Learning Methods Used in Precision Agriculture
Authors: Wang Yuchu
Published: December 2024

Precision agriculture is an important field that aims to optimize crop yields and quality, and it is crucial for ensuring food security and sustainability. With the increasing demand for food and the limited resources available for farming, precision agriculture has become more important than ever. In this paper, we will focus on the application of deep learning techniques, such as CNN and RNN models, in precision agriculture. Our primary objectives are to provide a comprehensive overview of artificial neural networks (ANNs), including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), and to explore their applications in precision agriculture. Deep learning has shown great potential in accurately predicting crop yields and quality, and in optimizing the use of resources in farming. By achieving these objectives, we aim to contribute to the growing body of literature on the applications of deep learning in agriculture and to inspire further research in this promising field.
Analysis of Agricultural Water Pricing Cost Estimation in Irrigation Districts: A Case Study of the Shangpu Gate Irrigation District
Authors: Hu Rongxiang , Wang Yujie , Zhang Yadong , Luo Xu
Published: December 2024

The management of irrigation district water pricing is a critical aspect of water price administration, playing a significant role in enhancing the management of water fees and accelerating water fee reforms. Standardizing the cost estimation of irrigation district water pricing allows pricing authorities to accurately understand the true costs, identify discrepancies between current prices and cost-based prices, and provide a reliable basis for governmental pricing decisions. Through accounting, the full-cost water price for agricultural water use in the Shangpu Sluice Irrigation Area, including fixed asset depreciation, major repair costs, engineering maintenance costs, and public expenses, is 0.159 yuan/m³, and the operation and maintenance cost water price is 0.128 yuan/m³.The results provide a reference for the agricultural water pricing mechanism in the Shangpu Gate Irrigation District.
Analysis of A Case of Growth Retardation of Infants Caused By Maternal Medication During Lactation
Authors: Zhang Junhua
Published: December 2024

Short stature in childhood and even adulthood mostly originates from infancy and young children. It has been reported that 30.7% of children start to experience short stature before 6 months of age, 32.3% of children start to experience short stature between 6 and 24 months of age, and 88.3% of children start to experience short stature before 3 years of age [1]. In outpatient visits to children with short stature, the proportion of idiopathic short stature (ISS) is as high as 41% [2]. This article discusses and analyzes cases of commonly used drugs during postpartum lactation that may lead to delayed growth and development in infants and young children, aiming to identify the causes of growth retardation in this stage and improve prevention and intervention for growth retardation in infants and young children.
Current Status of China’s Sugarcane (Sugar) Industry and Prospects for Cooperation with Thailand
Authors: Zheng Jun
Published: December 2024

To gain a comprehensive understanding of the current development status of China's sugarcane (sugar) industry, the China Statistical Yearbook and the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization database were utilized to analyze the production and trade conditions of China's sugarcane based on production concentration, regional comparative advantage index, trade competitive advantage index, and the WG model. In terms of production, China's sugarcane production areas are concentrated in the three dominant sugar-producing belts of central and southern Guangxi, southwestern Yunnan, and western Guangdong; the gap in sugarcane yield per unit area between China and Thailand is small, with Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guangdong provinces demonstrating strong regional comparative advantages in the comprehensive production advantages of China's sugarcane-producing provinces. In terms of trade, Thailand is an important source country for China's sugar imports, and there is ample space for China to import sugar from Thailand. The WG model study on the factors influencing the planting area of sugarcane in China found that the previous sugarcane planting area, the sold price per mu of the main product from previous sugarcane, and the sold value per mu of the main product from alternative crops (such as rice) significantly impact the current sugarcane planting area, while the impact of sugar industry support policies on the sugarcane planting area is not significant. It is suggested to strengthen scientific research and cooperation in the sugar industry between China and Thailand, expand the cooperation space in the sugar industry between the two countries, and enhance complementary advantages.
A Study on Carbon Emission from Plantation Industry in Jiangsu Province Based on Using System Dynamics
Authors: Yuan He , Xuan Yang
Published: December 2024

Research objective: to analyse the role of land, population, society and economy in influencing carbon emissions from a systemic perspective, and to simulate the carbon emissions from plantation industry under different policy scenarios in Jiangsu Province from 2016 to 2030, so as to provide a decision-making basis for its low-carbon development strategy and low-carbon plantation industry. Research method: System Dynamics. Findings: (1) Rapid economic development has a significant effect on the increase of carbon emissions from plantation industry in Jiangsu Province; (2) Improving the efficiency of agricultural materials utilisation can all effectively reduce carbon emissions from plantation industry in Jiangsu Province. Conclusions: The important ways for low-carbon development of plantation industry in Jiangsu Province is to transform the mode of economic growth, adjust the structure of land using and improve the efficiency of the use of agricultural materials, and promote the use of organic fertilisers, organic agricultural films, et.
Ecotourism Development Strategy under the Concept of Biodiversity
Authors: Jin Yuhan
Published: December 2024

The rich biodiversity resources of China provide unique conditions for ecotourism, but the traditional tourism development model has caused adverse effects on the environment. This paper analyzes the concept of biodiversity and the relationship between biodiversity and ecotourism, and points out that ecotourism is not only a new way of tourism, but also an effective means to protect biodiversity. In situ conservation, ex situ conservation, establishment of gene bank, construction of legal system and public education are all biodiversity conservation measures. In terms of ecotourism development strategy, we should strengthen the overall planning of scenic spots, strengthen ecological monitoring and the importance of giving time to ecological restoration. Finally, through the empirical study of Thousand Islands Lake Nature Reserve, it shows the successful case of combining ecotourism with biodiversity conservation in China.
Path Dependence, Lock-in and Breakthrough of Agro-industrial Clusters: A Case Study of the Flower and Plant Cluster of JiangDu in China
Authors: Xu Jufen
Published: December 2024

Agriculture is characterised by low technological relevance and high policy dependence, which makes it more likely to fall into inefficient lock-in during the evolutionary process. However, with the innovation of new technologies and knowledge, new paths adapting to market demand often appear. Through fieldwork and semi-structured interviews, this study investigated the flower and plant industry of Jiangdu in China and concluded that there are four main stages of path evolution in the agricultural industry. Paths are formed when the industry matches the market demand, and policy support is equally important. Enhanced policy support and knowledge dissemination among practitioners strengthen the industrial path. If there’s a mismatch between supply and demand, the industry will probably fall into inefficient lock-in, the stage where policy support is weakened, but knowledge innovation is likely to be sustained in certain branches. If some certain branches cater for new market demands, path breakthrough is likely to occur, and policy support may return. Moreover, innovative knowledge networks will also be further developed. These findings evidence that market, technology and institution are key drivers across the four stages of cluster development. This is also a reference point for the sustainable development of agro-industrial clusters.
Effects of High / Low Oxygen Combined With 1-MCP on The Quality and Volatile Components of Mints During Storage
Authors: Chen Chichang , Shao Kun , Mei Mei , Yang Heng , Wu Hui , Lin Peng , Chen Dan , Ren Juan
Published: December 2024

To investigate the effect of high / low oxygen combined with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the quality and volatile components of mints during storage, and to analyze the intrinsic relationship between volatile components and peppermint quality. Using high-quality mints as the test materials, 1-MCP with concentrations of 0.5 μ L/L and 1.0 μ L/L were combined with low oxygen (6% O2:9% CO2: 85% N2) and high oxygen (80% O2: 20% CO2) to treat mints, stored at 4℃ for 12 days, and the physiological and biochemical changes of mints during storage were analyzed. The volatile components in peppermint were also measured. The results showed that: under the condition of 4℃, the combination of 0.5 μ L/L 1-MCP and low oxygen (6% O2:9% CO2: 85% N2) treatment could reduce the loss of volatile components , inhibit the degradation of chlorophyll and the generation of ethylene, reduce the activity of peroxidase (POD) enzyme, and achieve good preservation effect in mints. The better the quality of mint, the more terpenes in mint volatile, the less alcohols.
Methods and Characteristics of Soil Microbial Detection in Plantation Forests in North China
Authors: Guo Qiushi
Published: December 2024

Exploring the changes in microbial characteristics of soils in North China's plantation forests and the soil indicator measurement methods commonly used today can provide a certain degree of understanding of the current status of soils in North China's plantation forests. This study collected information on forest soil microbial laboratory testing methods and conducted mathematical statistics to get the current technical hotspots and development trends of microbial testing of forestry soils. Also organized overview of soil physicochemical properties and microbiological indicators of plantation forests in North China. The results show: 1) Current testing methods for forest soils could be broadly categorized as purely manual, combined manual and instrumental, and purely instrumental. Among them, the soil's physical properties were mostly detected by simple manual detection methods, and the detection of microbial indicators was more complicated; 2) According to statistics, some soils in North China were alkaline, which was the main factor affecting the physical and chemical properties of other soils in the region. In addition, the forest management measures and management methods of plantations will also have a greater impact on the soil.
The Response of Nutritional Value of Naked Oats to Different Planting Conditions
Authors: Cheng Bo , Liu Hu , Tian Xiu-ming , Wang Jian
Published: December 2024

Naked oat (Avena nuda L.) is an important grain, feed and forage crop. Here the experiment was carried out in a non-weighing lysimeter with four irrigation quotas (750m3·ha -1, 1500m3·ha -1, 2250m3·ha -1 and 3000 m3·ha -1) and fertilizer versus non-fertilizer to analyze the effect of different water and fertilizer conditions on the yield and quality of naked oats. The experimental results showed that fertilization can effectively increase the yield of naked oats by about 40%. At the same time, fertilization significantly increased the protein content of naked oats by 0.83%, increased fat content by 0.34%, crude fiber content by 0.75%, and starch content by 2.94%. As irrigation quota increased, the seed yield showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing slightly, and was highest under the irrigation quota of 2250 m3·ha -1(3250 kg·ha -1). Meanwhile, increasing irrigation can also increase the protein content (1.17%), crude fiber content (0.26%), and starch content (1.85%) of naked oats. This experiment provides a theoretical basis for the cultivation of naked oats in agriculture-pastoral zone in semi-arid areas.
The correlation between the developmental stages of pea microspores and the morphology of flower buds
Authors: Li Zelin , Tang Yuan , Chen Shengrong , Yang Yuheng , Zhang Yujuan , Xiao Li , Feng Xiao , Wang Mei
Published: December 2024

To investigate the correlation between microspore development stage and the appearance and morphology of flower organs in Pisum sativum, the novel pea materials YP58 and YW90 were employed as experimental subjects. Flower buds exhibiting varying diametral ranges were chosen for cytological examination, and the saffron solid green staining method was employed to discern the diverse developmental stages and morphological attributes of microspores. Furthermore, the association between flower bud size and microspore development stage was examined. The findings revealed that the microspore development in both pea materials predominantly encompassed the microspore mother cell stage, tetrad stage, early and middle mononuclear stage and late mononuclear stage, each displaying distinct features. Notably, the development duration of microspores exhibited a close correlation with the longitudinal diameter of the flower bud. The correlation between microspore development progression and the longitudinal diameter of the flower bud was consistent in both pea materials. Therefore, the longitudinal diameter of the flower bud can serve as a primary indicator for assessing the microspore development stage.
Effects of Different Biological Organic Fertilizers on Tea Growth Quality
Authors: Yan Qin , Wang Zhenchong , Zhang Yijie , He Guoyou , Yang Tao , Kong Chuisi
Published: December 2024

The application of biological organic fertilizer is one of the important measures to regulate the quality of tea. The application of organic fertilizer is helpful to increase the high quality of tea and regulate the soil physical and chemical properties and improve the soil environment. Then, the effects of different biological organic fertilizers on the growth quality of tea and the soil environment of tea garden were studied. The test results show that compared with the CK control group, T2 fertilization treatment is the most prominent in improving the polyphenols and caffeine content; meanwhile, T 6 fertilization treatment significantly increases the content of water extract and free amino acids of tea, which can effectively improve the composition of tea and improve the soil environment of tea garden. The application of six different organic fertilizers and different application amounts of the same organic fertilizer had significant differences on the content of tea water extract, tea polyphenols, free amino acids and caffeine.
Sex Ratio Dynamics of Lamprey Populations: Implications for Ecosystem Stability and Conservation
Authors: Huang Yiwei , Zhao Zhetong
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the ecological implications of lamprey population dynamics, focusing specifically on the influence of sex ratios within ecosystems. Using an ecosystem modeling approach, we simulated lamprey population community succession and analyzed their impact on various ecological factors. Our model integrates population growth dynamics and sex ratio variations, identifying key indicators from literature that reflect lamprey population behaviors, including predation efficiency and susceptibility to predators. Through an integrated evaluation model, we assessed the ecological roles of lamprey populations, emphasizing their contributions to predation control and food chain stability. Factors such as predation pressure, adaptability in food chains, and vulnerabilities to environmental stressors like overfishing were considered in evaluating population strengths and vulnerabilities. Our findings indicate that a balanced sex ratio approaching 0.5 correlates positively with ecosystem stability. This underscores the importance of maintaining diverse and sustainable lamprey populations for ecosystem health. The study highlights the complex interactions between population dynamics and ecological stability, providing insights crucial for informed conservation strategies and sustainable ecosystem management.
From Birds to Insects: The Diversity of Social Behavior
Authors: Liu Jiacheng
Published: December 2024

Social behavior in animals holds considerable importance in the fields of ecology and evolutionary biology, as it enhances our understanding of cooperation and competition among species. Nonetheless, there are notable variations in the expressions of social behavior across different taxa. This paper offers a comprehensive comparison of the social behaviors of birds and insects, analyzing characteristics such as gregarious behavior, cooperative breeding, and territoriality in birds, along with the social structure, nesting practices, larval care, food sharing, and group defense mechanisms in insects. The study aims to elucidate the similarities and differences in social behavior between these two groups, further investigating the roles of these behaviors in ecosystems and their evolutionary significance, thereby providing a novel perspective on the diversity of animal social behavior.
Study of the Spectral Absorption Characteristics of Wild Lancea tibetica under Intense Solar Radiation on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhou Yi , Zhou Yanxia , Li Linjiang , Norsang Gelsor
Published: December 2024

Lancea tibetica is a valuable medicinal herb uniquely found in the Tibetan plateau. The photosynthetic pigments within its leaves are one of the indispensable substances for photosynthesis. However, The Tibetan plateau is one of the regions with the most intense solar radiation in the world. It has extreme solar radiation conditions. These extreme solar radiation conditions have multiple effects on local ecological conditions. In this study, the absorption spectrum of wild and laboratory Lancea tibetica leaves was observed using equipment like a spectrometer, followed by analyzing its characteristics. The results show that short-wavelength solar ultraviolet radiation has considerable small energy penetrating through plant leaves, and most of the energy is reflected by leaves or only a small proportion of energy is absorbed. Within the visible solar spectrum, most of the energy of the purple and indigo light is absorbed by leaves, with the absorbance of carotenoids being 0.731 at the maximum absorbent peak of 470nm. The transmitted intensity of the solar spectrum at this point is 0.38W·m -2·nm -1, accounting for an absorption of nearly 81.42%. In the green light spectrum, the transmitted intensity is relatively high given the leaves’ ability to retain the stability of their systems. The absorption of chlorophyll a and b is mainly concentrated in the red-light part, with transmitted intensity at 665nm and 649 nm being 0.80W·m -2·nm -1 and 0.34W·m -2·nm -1 only, playing a significant part in photosynthesis. The near infrared spectrum mainly consists of solar thermal energy, and the leaves of Lancea tibetica absorb less thermal radiation compared with ultraviolet and visible spectra.
Effects of Exogenous Abscisic Acid (ABA) on Growth and Selenium Uptake in Grape Seedlings
Authors: Huang Kewen , Liu Lei , Wang Ting , Lin Li-jin , Liao Ming’an , Yan Wenyi , Wang Jin , Huang Yan
Published: December 2024

In order to improve tolerance and selenium (Se) uptake in grape seedlings, we conducted a pot experiment to investigate the effects of spraying grape seedlings with four concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) on their physiological and Se accumulation characteristics. The outcomes of this experiment indicate that exogenous ABA could increase the biomass of grape seedlings by promoting their photosynthetic pigments content and antioxidant enzymes activity and reducing their malondialdehyde content. Furthermore, the translocation factor, bioconcentration factor, and Se concentration of grape seedlings were significantly enhanced by exogenous ABA, and exhibited an upward trend as the concentration of exogenous ABA increased. In conclusion, spraying ABA can promote the growth and Se accumulation in grape seedlings, and the better effect was found when the concentration of exogenous ABA was 10 μmol·L- 1and 20 μmol·L-1.