bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infrastructure debt funds and the assetization of public infrastructures
Authors: McArthur Jenny
Published: November 2023

Infrastructure has grown rapidly as an alternative asset class, yet many of the complex processes that transform public infrastructures into lucrative financial assets are poorly understood. This article examines investments by an infrastructure debt fund, to show how financial innovations expand and diversify the infrastructure asset class by finding new ways to generate financial returns from infrastructures. Infrastructure debt is an emerging sector of the infrastructure asset class, where private debt funds create assets that generate returns by extending loans or bond financing to physical infrastructures. The analysis uses assetization as a conceptual framework to scrutinise the construction of financial assets, centring the role of rent generation and extraction to show how infrastructure debt funds create financial value. By bringing the performative work of asset construction into dialogue with the political-economic forces enabling rent extraction, the analysis augments existing literature on financialized infrastructures. The findings show how infrastructure debt assets are predicated on multiple rounds of assetization: initially, the essential nature of infrastructure services is exploited to generate and extract monopoly rents as long-term revenue streams, and in turn, debt funds extend claims on these revenue streams to extract rents through interest payments. In this way, infrastructure debt extends the infrastructure asset class and provides a new route to extract rents, raising concerns over the potential of these investment practices to contribute to inclusive regional development and just transitions to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
Understanding US library diplomacy practices in the 21st century
Authors: Mariano Randolf
Published: November 2023

This exploratory case study delves into the views and perspectives of 17 US library experts involved in 21st-century library diplomacy practices. Using the template analysis, four main themes of library diplomacy are identified: (1) the actors showed implicit and explicit roles in diplomatic involvement; (2) the main objective of library diplomacy was to facilitate knowledge dialogue; (3) the strategies aimed to foster cultural humility; and (4) the actors viewed digitalization as a significant instrument in international library work. This research offers significant insights into the less explored topic of library diplomacy, particularly when 21st-century libraries are challenged concerning global issues relating to freedom of information; the values of equity, diversity, inclusion and accessibility; and sustainability efforts. Library diplomacy is more critical than ever to be at the forefront of establishing dialogue around the world. The study encourages further investigation of library diplomacy practices in a variety of geographical and international contexts.
The Prognostic Value of the Modified Surprise Question in Critically Ill Emergency Department Patients
Authors: Um Young Woo , Jo You Hwan , Kim Hee Eun , Kang Seung Hyun , Han Dong Kwan , Lee Jae Hyuk , Park Inwon
Published: November 2023

Objective: The initiation of palliative care (PC) in the emergency department (ED) is effective in improving the quality of life for seriously ill patients. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the modified surprise question (mSQ), “Would you be surprised if this patient died in the next 30 days?” as a trigger for initiating PC in critically ill ED patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study over a 6-month period in an ED, during which 22 emergency residents answered the mSQ for critically ill ED patients (Korean Triage and Acuity Scale 1 or 2). The primary outcome was the accuracy of the positive mSQ (negative response to the mSQ) in predicting 30-day mortality, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the prognostic factors. Results: A total of 300 patients were enrolled, and the positive mSQ group included 118 (39.3%) patients. The 30-day mortality rate of the cohort was 10.0%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the positive mSQ were 83.3%, 65.6%, 21.2%, and 97.3%, respectively, with a c-statistic of 0.74 and a positive likelihood ratio of 2.42. In a multivariable analysis controlling for clinically relevant variables, the odds ratio for 30-day mortality of the positive mSQ was 4.76 (95% confidence interval, 1.61-14.09; P = .005). Conclusions: The mSQ may be valuable for identifying critically ill ED patients with an increased risk of 30-day mortality. Therefore, it may be utilized as a trigger for PC consultation in the ED.
Novel bone cement based on calcium phosphate composited CNT curcumin with improved strength and antitumor properties
Authors: Zhao Wei , Zhang Huiming , Ma Jigang , Li Yanjie , Liu Zheng , Zhou Shujing , Wang Ying , Zhang Jie
Published: November 2023

In this study, carboxylated carbon nanotube (CNT)-loaded curcumin (CUR) was blended into calcium phosphate cement (CPC) owing to the poor mechanical properties and single function of CPC as a bone-filling material, and CNT-CUR-CPC with improved strength and antitumor properties was obtained. The failure strength, hydrophilicity, in vitro bioactivity, bacteriostatic activity, antitumor activity, and cell safety of CNT-CUR-CPC were evaluated. The experimental results indicated that the failure strength of CNT-CUR-CPC increased from 25.05 to 45.05 MPa ( p < 0.001) and its contact angle decreased from 20.37° to 15.27° ( p < 0.001) after the CNT-CUR complex was added into CPC at the rate of 5 wt% and blended. Following soaking in simulated body fluid (m-SBF), the main components of CNT-CUR-CPC were hydroxyapatite (HA) and carbonate hydroxyapatite (HCA). The incorporation of CNT-CUR was beneficial for the deposition of PO43− and CO32−, and it promoted the crystallization of HA and HCA. For CNT-CUR-CPC, the inhibition zone diameter on Staphylococcus aureus was 10.2 ± 1.02 mm ( p < 0.001) and it exhibited moderate sensitivity, whereas the inhibition zone diameter on Escherichia coli was 8.3 ± 0.23 mm ( p < 0.001) and it exhibited low sensitivity. When compared with the CPC, the cell proliferation rate (RGR %) of the CNT-CUR-CPC decreased by 7.73% ( p > 0.05) at 24 h, 17.89% ( p < 0.05) at 48 h, and 24.43% ( p < 0.001) at 72 h when MG63 cells were cultured on it. In particular, after the MG63 cells were cultured with the CNT-CUR-CPC for 48 h, the number of newly proliferating MG63 cells was significantly reduced, and their growth and adhesion on the surface of the CNT-CUR-CPC were inhibited when compared with the CPC. When 3T3-E1 cells were exposed to the m-SBF immersion solution of CNT-CUR-CPC, the cell proliferation rate (RGR %) was ≥80% ( p > 0.05) and the cytotoxicity grade was 0–1. The 3T3-E1 cells were cultured with the m-SBF soaking solution of CNT-CUR-CPC for 24 h, and no significant changes in cell morphology or cytotoxicity were observed. After the 3T3-E1 cells were cultured on CNT-CUR-CPC for 48 h, they could stick to and grow on its surface without adverse reactions. CNT-CUR-CPC had a hemolysis rate of 4.3% ( p > 0.05) and did not result in hemolysis and hemagglutination. The obtained CNT-CUR-CPC scaffold material exhibited effective antibacterial activity and cell safety, and could achieve a certain antitumor effect, which has a wide application potential in bone tissue engineering.
Organic layers preserved in ice patches: A new record of Holocene environmental change on the Beartooth Plateau, USA
Authors: Alt Mio , Puseman Kathryn , Lee Craig M , Pederson Gregory T , McConnell Joseph R , Chellman Nathan J , McWethy David B
Published: November 2023

Growing season temperatures play a crucial role in controlling treeline elevation at regional to global scales. However, understanding of treeline dynamics in response to long-term changes in temperature is limited. In this study, we analyze pollen, plant macrofossils, and charcoal preserved in organic layers within a 10,400-year-old ice patch and in sediment from a 6000-year-old wetland located above present-day treeline in the Beartooth Mountains, Wyoming, to explore the relationship between Holocene climate variability and shifts in treeline elevation. Pollen data indicate a lower-than-present treeline between 9000 and 6200 cal yr BP during the warm, dry summer and cold winter conditions of the early Holocene. Increases in arboreal pollen at 6200 cal yr BP suggest an upslope treeline expansion when summers became cooler and wetter. A possible hiatus in the wetland record at ca. 4200–3000 cal yr BP suggests increased snow and ice cover at high elevations and a lowering of treeline. Treeline position continued to fluctuate with growing season warming and cooling during the late-Holocene. Periods of high fire activity correspond with times of increased woody cover at high elevations. The two records indicate that climate was an important driver of vegetation and treeline change during the Holocene. Early Holocene treeline was governed by moisture limitations, whereas late-Holocene treeline was sensitive to increases in growing season temperatures. Climate projections for the region suggest warmer temperatures could decrease effective growing season moisture at high elevations resulting in a reduction of treeline elevation.
Effectiveness of CURA: Healthcare professionals’ moral resilience and moral competences
Authors: van Schaik Malene , Pasman H. Roeline RW , Widdershoven Guy AM , De Snoo-Trimp Janine , Metselaar Suzanne
Published: November 2023

Background: Clinical ethics support instruments aim to support healthcare professionals in dealing with moral challenges in clinical practice. CURA is a relatively new instrument tailored to the wishes and needs of healthcare professionals in palliative care, especially nurses. It aims to foster their moral resilience and moral competences.

Aim: To investigate the effects of using CURA on healthcare professionals regarding their Moral Resilience and Moral Competences.

Design: Single group pre-/post-test design with two questionnaires.

Methods: Questionnaires used were the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale measuring Moral Resilience and the Euro-MCD, measuring Moral Competences. Respondents mainly consisted of nurses and nurse assistants who used CURA in daily practice. Forty-seven respondents contributed to both pre- and post-test with 18 months between both tests. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. This study followed the SQUIRE checklist.

Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Amsterdam UMC. Informed consent was obtained from all respondents.

Results: The total Moral Resilience score and the scores of two subscales of the RMRS, that is, Responses to Moral Adversity and Relational Integrity, increased significantly. All subscales of the Euro-MCD increased significantly at posttest. Using CURA more often did not lead to significant higher scores on most (sub) scales.

Conclusion: This study indicates that CURA can be used to foster moral resilience and moral competences of healthcare professionals. CURA therefore is a promising instrument to support healthcare professionals in dealing with moral challenges in everyday practice.
Overcoming Marginalization by Creating a Sense of Belonging
Authors: Carter Brigit M. , Sumpter Danica Fulbright , Thruston Wanda
Published: November 2023

Marginalization encompasses structural, interpersonal, and intergroup dynamics that perpetuate inequality and exclusion. This manuscript advocates that the solution to marginalization lies in fostering a sense of belonging. Belonging is a fundamental human need, critical for mental well-being, academic success, and personal growth. It significantly impacts engagement, retention, and overall development, especially in health professional education settings like nursing schools. When individuals feel they belong, they are more likely to seek support, engage actively in learning, and perform better academically. However, achieving a sense of belonging is not straightforward, and many challenges at both individual and institutional levels hinder its realization. Individual challenges include resistance to change, implicit biases, and lack of awareness of the disparities caused by marginalization. Institutional challenges include insufficient commitment, inadequate resource allocation, and lack of representation from marginalized groups. In the United States, recent legislation obstructing initiatives toward diversity, equity, and inclusion poses additional obstacles. To overcome these challenges and promote belonging, this manuscript offers strategies that highlight the importance of aligning institutional values with policies and practices, recognizing and rewarding inclusive efforts, and actively seeking diverse perspectives.
The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Service Utilization Among Chronic Disease Patients in South Africa
Authors: Boachie Micheal Kofi , Khoza Mariana , Goldstein Susan , Munsamy Maggie , Hofman Karen , Thsehla Evelyn
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought many disruptions in health service delivery. Evidence show that the pandemic has negatively affected routine healthcare utilization such as maternal and child health services, but the literature on the effect on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is scant in South Africa. These disruptions can have long-term health and economic implications for patients.

Objective:

To estimate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on service utilization among chronic disease patients in South Africa using administrative data.

Methods:

Using monthly data from the Centralized Chronic Medication Dispensing and Distribution (CCMDD) program database covering November 2018 to October 2021, we examined the effects of COVID-19 lockdown on utilization among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) medication only (ART-only), patients receiving both ART and NCD medication (ART + NCD), and patients receiving NCD medications only (NCD-only). We employed segmented interrupted time series approach to examine the changes. We stratified the analysis by socioeconomic status.

Results:

We found that, overall, the lockdown was associated with increased utilization of CCMDD services by 10.8% (95% CI: 3.3%-19%) for ART-only and 10.3% (95% CI: 3.3%-17.7%) for NCD-only patients. The increase in utilization was not different across socioeconomic groups. For patients receiving ART + NCD medications, utilization declined by 56.6% (95% CI: 47.6%-64.1%), and higher reductions occurred in low SES districts.

Conclusion:

Patients should be educated about the need to continue with utilization of disease programs during a pandemic and beyond. More efforts are needed to improve service use among patients with multi-morbidities.
Mindful co-optations? Exploring the responses of mindfulness teachers to the risk of co-optation
Authors: du Plessis Erik Mygind
Published: November 2023

This paper explores the responses of mindfulness teachers to the risk of co-optation as identified by recent critical research on mindfulness meditation in organizations. As such, this risk is not revelatory to the mindfulness teachers, but rather understood as a basic condition of their work. Through ethnographic observations and interviews with mindfulness teachers, the paper consequently identifies three responses to the dominant conception of the co-optation of mindfulness meditation. Some teachers accordingly view it as (1) a question of intention, in which mindfulness meditation can be framed in a variety of different ways, which may enhance or curb its transformative potential. Others contend that the transformative potential of the practice is, to a degree, independent of discursive and institutional framings, and that cooptation is not necessarily something to be feared. To the contrary, mindfulness meditation can in this view potentially work as (2) a Trojan horse; discursively co-opted for the purpose of productivity, while subtly changing the organization from within through non-discursive layers of being. Finally, some teachers perceive the question of (non)co-optation as misguided, as it exaggerates the transformative potential of the practice to the point of an (3) overblown promise. These findings prompt a subsequent a conceptual discussion, in which a typology including the notions of (1) “intellectual co-optation,” (2) “inverse co-optation” and (3) “empty co-optation” are suggested as means for theoretically explaining the responses of the mindfulness teachers and as nuancing supplements to the prevailing conception of the “structural co-optation” of mindfulness in organization.
Evidence from criminal law experts in Indonesian criminal trials: Usurping the judicial function?
Authors: Butt Simon , Nathaniel Andreas
Published: November 2023

This article seeks to account for the recent explosion in the use of expert legal evidence given by criminal law academics in criminal trials in Indonesia. This issue has received almost no scholarly attention, despite experts sometimes even opining on the guilt or innocence of defendants. Focusing on the evidence given for criminal trials by three preeminent Indonesian legal scholars, this article examines the form and content of the evidence, the justifications put forward in Indonesia for allowing it, and whether judges are receptive to it. Contrary to the assumptions of lawyers, we find that, overall, expert evidence appears to have very little discernible impact on judicial decision-making. It does, however, give the state an evidentiary advantage over defendants in some cases. We then consider what our findings say about the Indonesian judicial system—particularly the perceived competence of its judges—and the legal system more broadly.
Frequency response of a mass grounded by linear and nonlinear springs in series: An exact analysis
Authors: Big-Alabo Akuro
Published: November 2023

An exact analytical solution for the frequency response of a system consisting of a mass grounded by linear and nonlinear springs in series was derived. The system is applicable in the study of beams carrying intermediate rigid mass. The exact solution was derived by naturally transforming the integral of the governing nonlinear ODE into a form that can be expressed in terms of elliptic integrals. Hence, the exact frequency–amplitude solution was derived in terms of the complete elliptic integral of the first and third kinds. Periodic solutions were found to exist for all real values of [Formula: see text] and for [Formula: see text]. On the other hand, linear or weakly nonlinear frequency–amplitude responses were found to occur during small-amplitude vibrations ([Formula: see text]), very large-amplitude vibrations with strong hardening nonlinearity ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]), and for all amplitudes when [Formula: see text]. Simulations showed that the system’s periodic response is significantly influenced by the nonlinearity parameter ([Formula: see text]), linearity parameter ([Formula: see text]), and amplitude of vibration ([Formula: see text]). Besides, the existence of bifurcation points at [Formula: see text] and different values of [Formula: see text] was confirmed. Lastly, an approximate frequency solution obtained using the He’s frequency–amplitude formulation was found to produce errors less than 1.0% for a wide range of input parameters. In conclusion, the present study provides a benchmark solution for verification of other approximate solutions, and the He’s frequency–amplitude formulation can be used to obtain fast and accurate solutions for complex nonlinear systems.
Effect of tool–pin offset on microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of friction stir welded AA2024-T3 and SS304 dissimilar joints
Authors: Mir Fayaz Ahmad , Khan Noor Zaman , Siddiquee Arshad Noor , Parvez Saad
Published: November 2023

The combination of aluminum and steel materials in hybrid structures shows promising applications in the automotive, marine, and aerospace sectors. The present study investigates how the tool–pin offset impacts the microstructural, mechanical, and electrochemical characteristics of friction stir-welded joints between dissimilar AA2024-T3 and SS304 materials. The optimum conditions were achieved at a tool rotation of 560 r/min, a traverse speed of 25 mm/min, and a tool–pin offset of 1 mm towards the Al side. Upon increasing the tool–pin offset to 1.5 mm, insufficient heat input resulted in inadequate plastic deformation and material flow, leading to the creation of flaws like voids, tunnels, and interfacial gaps. However, under optimal conditions, the joint exhibited a well-defined and serrated interface, with fine steel fragments securely embedded in the Al matrix. Additionally, thin intermetallic compounds were observed around the steel fragments within the Al matrix. This favorable combination resulted in enhanced tensile strength and increased ductility in the joint. The Vickers hardness test revealed that the stir zone exhibited the highest hardness values, primarily attributed to the ultra-refinement of grains. Furthermore, the potentiodynamic test revealed that the welded samples show improved corrosion resistance against the base material AA2024-T3, although BM-SS304 exhibited the highest corrosion resistance among all the samples, likely due to its higher chromium content.
Stayin’ alive? Reflections on navigating digital dependency
Authors: Lambert Aliette , Rome Alexandra , Fornari Francesca
Published: November 2023

Digital technologies are pervasive and ensnaring, resulting in widespread dependence of their varying forms and functions. In this commentary we reflect on the effects of our own digital dependencies, noticing how as digital technologies edge toward higher degrees of sentience, we humans are becoming psychically deadened, ever reliant on such technologies to support our fractured selves. Providing three intimate introspective accounts, we foreground emergent themes related to aliveness and addiction, illustrating how social media tendencies are rooted in existential insecurities stemming from psychic difficulties and traumas. We encourage marketing theorists to critically interrogate how digital technologies, and in particular social networking sites, exploit our vulnerabilities to propagate an addictive logic toward aims of capital accumulation.
Calibration strategies for long-term strain forecasting in high-rise building columns
Authors: Pereira Mauricio , Glisic Branko
Published: November 2023

Concrete exhibits long-term time-dependent behavior due to creep and shrinkage that impacts the safety and serviceability of high-rise buildings. These rheological effects are difficult to predict due to their random nature, dependence on environmental conditions, and loading history. Current methods include the use of creep and shrinkage tests of structure-specific concrete samples to update compliance and shrinkage, and sophisticated numerical models for prediction of the long-term structural behavior. However, creep and shrinkage tests are time-consuming, and simulation requires reliable numerical models and often proprietary solvers that are not available to the structural health monitoring (SHM) practitioner. Further, uncertainty propagation in complex numerical models is rarely seen in the relevant literature. In contrast, data-driven prediction methods using SHM data and simplified analytical models have shown to be successful for prestressed concrete bridges. In this work, we investigate calibration strategies of creep and shrinkage models using SHM data toward data-driven forecasting of long-term time-dependent behavior of high-rise buildings. A calibration strategy is identified that enables significant and consistent improvement of forecasting of long-term time-dependent behavior. It is also shown that continuous calibration can provide good predictions at least 30 days ahead. First-order analytical uncertainty propagation formulas are also provided. The calibration strategies are evaluated on data from two residential high-rise buildings in Singapore. Recommendations to the SHM practitioners are also given.
Chief executive officer narcissism, corporate inertia, and securities analysts’ stock recommendations
Authors: Turner Karynne , Adigüzel Feray , Sidhu Jatinder S
Published: November 2023

The narcissism of chief executive officers is attracting much research interest because of its potential effects on the strategic decisions, financial performance, and competitive standing of firms. This article addresses a significant gap in the literature by analyzing the effect of chief executive officer narcissism on security analysts’ stock recommendations. As financial-market intermediaries between firms and investors, analysts are an important corporate-governance actor, whose stock recommendations are consequential for the market value of a firm. Drawing on the idea of observers’ implicit leadership theories, we argue that greater chief executive officer narcissism will predict lower analysts’ stock recommendations because narcissistic chief executive officers’ penchant for risk-taking will lead analysts to categorize them as ineffective leaders. We argue further that signals of corporate inertia conveyed by the age, size, and reputation of firms will positively moderate the chief executive officer narcissism–analysts’ stock recommendation relationship, because analysts will expect inertia to be offset by narcissistic chief executive officers’ risk-taking, a dynamic likely to improve firm performance. US panel data provide support for the theorized chief executive officer narcissism–analysts’ stock recommendations relationship and indicates significant moderation effects of the reputation and size of firms. The article discusses the study’s contributions and implications for research and practice.
Safety of dual antiplatelet therapy using aspirin and low-dose Prasugrel with platelet reactivity testing in flow diverter treatment of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Flynn Liam M , Mohamed Ezaz , Dobbs Nicholas , Nania Alberto , Du Plessis Johannes , Keston Peter M , Downer Jonny J
Published: November 2023

Background

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is standard care for intracranial stenting to prevent thrombotic complications. Clopidogrel resistance has resulted in patients receiving newer P2Y12 inhibitors like Prasugrel, which may reduce thrombotic complications but could increase haemorrhagic complications. This study, utilising platelet reactivity testing, compared thrombotic and haemorrhagic complications associated with Clopidogrel or 20 mg Prasugrel loading in patients treated with flow diverters (FD) for intracranial aneurysms.

Methods

We retrospectively analysed prospectively collected data from 225 consecutive FD procedures. All patients received aspirin. 147 cases received Clopidogrel and 82 received Prasugrel. All patients had VerifyNow testing before the procedure.

Results

P2Y12 non-responders were significantly more likely to have thrombotic complications than responders and hyper-responders (7% vs. 2%, p = 0.01). Low-dose Prasugrel resulted in a significantly lower rate of non-responders when compared with Clopidogrel (7% vs. 25%, p < 0.01). We found no statistically significant difference in rates of haemorrhage between the Clopidogrel and Prasugrel groups (2.4% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.47). There were 12 complications (≤7 days) in the Clopidogrel group versus 6 in the Prasugrel group (9% vs. 7.8%, respectively, p = 0.91) and a non-significant reduction in thrombotic complications in the Prasugrel group (5.2% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.88). No significant difference was shown in long-term complications between the groups (p = 0.33).

Conclusion

These results support the use of platelet reactivity testing and the safety of low-dose Prasugrel for FD treatment of intracranial aneurysms.
LGBTQ+ domestic and family violence victim-survivors’ experiences of remote court hearings during the COVID-19 pandemic: The gendered dimensions of safety, independence and visibility
Authors: Reeves Ellen , Iliadis Mary , Pfitzner Naomi
Published: November 2023

There was a significant uptake of remote court hearings during the COVID-19 pandemic for family violence intervention order applications in Victoria, Australia. Remote court hearings can alleviate the burden associated with victim-survivors appearing in court and confronting their alleged perpetrator, and facilitate the efficiency of justice processes. Most research on remote justice models that facilitate victim-survivors’ protection or participation has accounted for practitioner observations, leaving a gap in understanding of how victim-survivors experience remote hearings. Drawing on interviews with 11 lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ+) domestic and family violence victim-survivors who participated in remote family violence intervention order hearings in Victoria during the pandemic, this article reveals that while remote hearings can promote feelings of safety, control and procedural justice, the process can also work to invisiblise some victim-survivors. Ultimately, we find that these tensions reflect the gendered dimensions and experiences that monopolise the intervention order process more generally.
Web 3 and NFT create value to the wine industry: The case of Chateau Edmus
Authors: Florès Laurent , Lejealle Catherine
Published: November 2023

This case study provides a comprehensive understanding of the value creation web 3 can bring to customers and to the wineries. Learners develop an appreciation of how NFTs’ and DAO’s characteristics can create value in a disruptive way compared to web 2. This is explored through applying the framework of perceived value by customers and online customers brand activities to Chateau Edmus, a Bordeaux winery, led by Laurent David, a former tech manager from Apple. Web 3 brings economic, functional, affective, and social value to customers. It enables Laurent to get a competitive advantage in the marketing funnel, to gain efficiency in his own process, and to obtain knowledge from customers in order to innovate further. In spite of its additional value created for all stakeholders, technical and legal risks may shadow web 3 broader adoption and need to keep the purchase stage on web 2 platform.
Barriers and facilitators to paediatric caregivers’ participation in virtual speech, language, and hearing services: A scoping review
Authors: DiFabio Danielle , Moodie Sheila , O’Hagan Robin , Pardal Simrin , Glista Danielle
Published: November 2023

Purpose

Virtual care-related technologies are transforming the way in which health services are delivered. A growing number of studies support the use of virtual care in the field of audiology and speech-language pathology; however, there remains a need to identify and understand what influences caregiver participation within the care that is virtual and family-focused. This review aimed to identify, synthesize, and summarize the literature around the reported barriers and facilitators to caregiver participation in virtual speech/hearing assessment and/or intervention appointments for their child.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute manual for evidence synthesis. A search was conducted using six databases including MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ERIC, Nursing and Allied Health, and Web of Science to collect peer-reviewed studies of interest. Data was extracted according to a protocol published on Figshare, outlining a predefined data extraction form and search strategy.

Results

A variety of service delivery models and technology requirements were identified across the 48 included studies. Caregiver participation was found to vary across levels of attendance and involvement according to eight categories: Attitudes, child behavioral considerations, environment, opportunities, provider-family relationship, role in care process, support, and technology.

Conclusions

This review presents a description of the key categories reported to influence caregiver participation in virtual care appointments. Future research is needed to explore how the findings can be used within family-centered care models to provide strategic support benefiting the use and outcomes of virtual care.
Following Naomi Osaka and Rui Hachimura on Social Media: Silent Activism and Sport Commodification of Multiracial Japanese Athletes
Authors: Ho Michelle H. S. , Tanaka Hiromi
Published: November 2023

This article explores the role of social media in athlete activism and sport commodification through the case studies of two elite multiracial athletes who represent Japan, professional tennis player Naomi Osaka and professional basketball player Rui Hachimura. Osaka’s mother is Japanese and her father is Haitian-American, whereas Hachimura’s mother is Japanese and his father is Beninese. Employing critical discourse analysis of Twitter and Instagram, we ask: How do they use social media to amplify their voices and advocacy for race and ethnicity? How do their athlete activism and multiracial identity appeal to fans and sponsors? We argue that social media lend them various ways for resistance through defying monoracial labeling and racialized sport stereotypes, manifesting their multiracial identity, speaking up against social justice issues, and affiliating with certain sponsors. We demonstrate how their “silent activism” is subtle, situated in everyday life, and not antithetical to the commodification of their (athlete-activist) image.
An Angry, Hopeful, or Efficacious Citizen: Information, Emotion, and Participation in an Emerging Democracy
Authors: Adegbola Oluseyi , Zhang Weiwu
Published: November 2023

A growing body of research has examined how access to political information via digital media contributes to democratic participation in new or transitory democracies. Much of this work focuses on cognitive factors, such as political efficacy and civic knowledge, while less attention is paid to the role of emotion. Drawing on insights from the orientation–stimuli–orientation–response (O-S-O-R) and anger activism model (AAM), this study proposes and tests a model of political information seeking and participation using a national survey of adult Nigerians ( N  = 600). Findings provide support for the model and highlight potential pathways through which political information may enhance participation.
A DPSR and SEM Based Framework to Evaluate High-Quality Development in Chinese Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Lyu Fen , Wu Gang
Published: November 2023

China’s manufacturing industry has emerged as a major contributor to both the nation’s economic growth and global trade. Achieving high-quality development in this sector is not only crucial for China’s sustainable progress but also holds significant implications for the global economy. Considering the importance of Chinese manufacturing industry, this paper establishes a framework for exploring the mechanism of manufacture industry’s high-quality development in China’s three economic regions based on the Driver-Pressure-State-Response (DPSR) model and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). SEM is established for analyzing the multiple paths of manufacture industry’s high-quality development in the eastern, middle and western economic region of China. The findings reveal distinct patterns in each region. In the eastern region, a unidirectional path of “Driver-Pressure-State-Response” is confirmed, with a particular emphasis on quality improvement and efficiency increase. The middle region exhibits a leapfrog path characterized by “Driver-Pressure-State” and “Pressure-Response,” where quality improvement and dynamic conversion play critical roles. Conversely, the western region demonstrates an interrupt path of “Pressure-State-Response,” highlighting the significance of structural rationalization and dynamic conversion. Based on these results, sustainable solutions and suggestions for promoting high-quality development in the manufacturing industry are proposed, providing valuable targeted insights for the transformation and advancement of China's manufacturing sector. This study makes a novel contribution by developing a DPSR-SEM model and expands literature and knowledge in high-quality development of manufacturing industry. Practically, this study can guide decision-makers, managers, and stakeholders in understanding the interactions between driving forces, pressures, states, and responses in the context of manufacturing industry.
Creating the ‘Rice Bowl of India’: Examining the political economy of groundwater-led agrarian transformation in dryland India
Authors: Karamchedu Ambarish
Published: November 2023

This article explores the political economy of groundwater-led agrarian transformation in dryland India through the expansion of groundwater irrigation and rice production since the 1990s. Within this process, I speak to aspirations by subsistence farmers and imaginaries by state governments for agricultural commercialisation via expanding and investing in irrigation infrastructures. In India, this has largely been driven by private and decentralised investments by smallholder farmers. Theoretically adding to the literature on water infrastructures, development aspirations and groundwater governance, I find how farmer aspirations of rice cultivation and associations of the crop with food security and status drove the debt-laden and capital-intensive rapid adoption of groundwater irrigation in dryland Telangana, aided by specific discourses and electricity subsidies policies post the formation of the newest state in India in 2014. I find that political discourses of historical inequalities over water in the struggle for state formation of Telangana in 2014 mobilised electricity subsidies as a key lever to re-imagine the state as a rice bowl of India through groundwater expansion, producing uneven political economy and ecological repercussions for farmers. This article finds that while rice production increased in a short period in Telangana, it came at the expense of widespread well failures and indebtedness at the farmer and village level colliding with the fragile semi-arid climate and hard rock aquifer setting in the state, deepening distress and decay from depleted water infrastructures and failed aspirations.
Augmentation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using the Peroneus Longus: Description of the Surgical Technique
Authors: Escudeiro de Oliveira Diego , Horita Melanie Mayumi , Lima Marcos Vaz de , Malpaga Juliano Mangini Dias , Jorge Pedro Baches
Published: November 2023

Background:

The quadruple graft from the hamstring tendons has become a widely used option in the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), however, this graft may not have the desirable diameter for the reconstruction, increasing the risk of re-rupture. In this context, the peroneus longus tendon graft appears as an option to complement other grafts, transforming a thin quadruple graft into a sextuple graft.

Indications:

The sextuple graft technique for ACL reconstruction is used in patients who have a quadruple graft with a diameter of less than 8 mm, and due to its length, it is not possible to make a quintuple graft, for example.

Technique Description:

Initially, the hamstring tendons are removed with the aid of a tenotome. After that, the anterior half of the peroneus longus tendon is identified and removed. On the back table, the definitive graft is prepared so that we have a sextuple graft with a diameter greater than 8 mm. Finally, the ACL reconstruction is performed anatomically using an adjustable loop device in the femur and an interference screw in the tibia.

Results:

In our experience with patients who have a hamstring graft diameter of less than 8 mm, we obtained an average increase of 1.8 mm in graft diameter when augmentation was performed with the anterior half of the peroneus longus.

Discussion:

Grafts less than 8 mm in diameter are at increased risk of rupturing and failure of surgical treatment of the ACL injury. The surgeon must be prepared to make a quintuple or sextuple graft, but in some patients, the tendons are short or there is no availability of a tissue bank, making this practice impossible. The use of the anterior half of the peroneus longus to perform graft augmentation is safe, causing almost no morbidity to the donor area and is easily accessible during the procedure, making it an excellent option for increasing the diameter of thin grafts.

Patient Consent Disclosure Statement:

The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form.
Risk factors for metachronous colorectal cancer and advanced neoplasia following primary colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Ye , Karahalios Amalia , Aung Ye Kyaw , Win Aung Ko , Boussioutas Alex , Jenkins Mark A.
Published: November 2023

Background

Identifying risk factors for metachronous colorectal cancer (CRC) and metachronous advanced neoplasia could be useful for guiding surveillance. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate risk factors for metachronous CRC and advanced neoplasia.

Methods

Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials for articles (searching period: 1945 to Feburary, 2021) that reported the results of an association between any factor and metachronous advanced neoplasia or metachronous CRC. There were no restrictions on the publication date or language. Random effects models were fitted to estimate the combined association between the risk factors and metachronous CRC or advanced neoplasia. The Risk of Bias In Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions tool (ROBINS-I) was used to assess the risk of bias of included studies.

Results

In total, 22 observational studies with 625,208 participants were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Of these, 13 studies investigated risk factors for metachronous CRC and 9 for advanced neoplasia. The risks of metachronous CRC or advanced neoplasia were higher if the first CRC was diagnosed in the presence of a synchronous advanced lesion (pooled risk ratio (RR) from 3 studies: 3.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44–9.05; and pooled RR from 8 studies: 2.77, 95% CI: 2.23–3.43, respectively). The risk of metachronous CRC was lower, but the risk of metachronous advanced neoplasia was higher if the first CRC was distal (compared with proximal) (pooled RR from 3 studies: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.23–0.98; and pooled RR from 2 studies: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.60–5.58 respectively). The risk of metachronous advanced neoplasia increased with age (pooled RR from 3 studies: 1.07 per year of age, 95% CI: 1.03–1.11). There was no evidence that any lifestyle risk factors studied were associated with the risk of metachronous CRC or advanced neoplasia.

Conclusions

The identified risk factors for metachronous CRC and advanced neoplasia might be useful to tailor the existing surveillance guidelines after the first CRC. There were potential limitations due to possible misclassification of the outcome, confounding and risk of bias, and the findings cannot be generalised to high-risk genetic syndrome cases.
A study on the correlation of placental anastomosis and superficial vascular branches of selective fetal growth restriction in monochorionic diamniotic twins
Authors: Lin Zhiman , Wang Xueju , Li Luyao , Yuan Pengbo , Zhao Yangyu , Wei Yuan
Published: November 2023

Introduction

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation between placental anastomosis and superficial vascular branches in selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) in monochorionic diamniotic twins.

Materials and methods

This was a retrospective analysis of the pregnancy data and placental perfusion of 395 patients with monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies delivered at our hospital from April 2013 to April 2020. We divided the patients into two groups and compared the number of placental superficial vascular branches in sFGR twins and normal MCDA twins. The correlation between the placental anastomosis and the number of superficial vascular branches in sFGR and normal MCDA twins was also investigated.

Results

The number of umbilical arterial branches and umbilical venous branches was less than larger twins in sFGR, larger twins in normal MCDA and smaller twins in normal MCDA. (11.83 [4–44], 21.82 [7–50], 19.72 [3–38], 14.85 [0–31], p < 0.001, 6.08 [1–18], 9.60 [3–22], 9.96 [2–22], 8.38 [1–20], p < 0.00) For smaller twins in the sFGR group, the number of umbilical venous branches was positively associated with AA anastomosis overall diameter, AV anastomosis overall diameter and all anastomosis overall diameter. (r = 0.194, 0.182 and 0.211, p < 0.05)

Conclusions

The risk of sFGR may arise when the placenta from MCDA twins shows a poor branching condition of placental superficial vessels. For the smaller twin of sFGR, regular ultrasound examination of the number of the umbilical venous branches may help to predict artery-to-artery (AA) overall diameter, artery‐to‐vein (AV) overall diameter and all anastomosis overall diameter.
Using a theoretical framework of Intervention Mapping to inform public health communication messages designed to increase vaccination uptake; the example of mpox in the Netherlands
Authors: Evers Ymke J. , Schneider Francine , Widdershoven Veja , Goense Cornelia J. D. , Peters Charlotte M. M. , van Elsen Sjoerd G. , Hoebe Christian J. P. A. , Dukers-Muijrers Nicole H. T. M.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

During an infectious disease outbreak, primary preventive pre-exposure vaccination (PPV) could substantially increase the potential for its control, if uptake is sufficiently high. An important tool to increase PPV uptake, are communication strategies, with tailored messages targeted to modify determinants for PPV uptake. Here, we take the example of the 2022 mpox multicountry outbreak, as we inform the development of communication strategies by applying a theoretical framework for selecting effective communication strategies.

Methods

The theoretical framework Intervention Mapping (IM) was applied during the outbreak to inform communications [program]. Steps included: 1. Creating a logic model of the problem [not accepting PPV] by reviewing available literature, conducting an online survey among people at risk of mpox exposure, and consulting community-members, healthcare-and communication professionals; 2. Creating a matrix of change [from lower to higher PPV acceptance]; and 3. Selecting theory-based methods and practical applications for communication messages to achieve the intended behaviour change (getting vaccinated).

Results

The program objective was to promote PPV uptake in people at risk of mpox exposure. Important changeable determinants identified included perceived risk and severity of mpox, importance to protect against mpox [attitude], experienced effectiveness of vaccination and side-effects [response efficacy], and social norm. Theory-based communication methods for optimizing these determinants include provision of facts [increasing knowledge], personalized risk and scenario-based risk information [addressing risk perception/severity], elaboration, arguments [stimulating a positive attitude], gain framing [increasing perceived response efficacy], guided practice [increasing skills/self-efficacy in overcoming barriers] and social norm approach [demonstrating positive norm]. Other key important factors include that communication delivery is uniform (across channels), clear, accessible, and with stigma-free messaging, and that is well-timed and repeated.

Conclusion

IM provided a valuable tool in selecting communication methods to promote mpox vaccination uptake. These methods can be used to (more quickly) produce and implement a communication program in the context of possible future, vaccine-preventable, infectious disease outbreaks.