bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENTRE A LEGITIMAÇÃO E A CRÍTICA: As disputas acerca da Base Nacional Comum Curricular
Authors: Michetti Miqueli
Published: February 2020

O artigo analisa as recentes disputas sobre a criação da chamada Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Diferentemente de outras abordagens sobre o objeto, o texto busca integrar as dimensões relacional e discursiva para analisá-lo, valendo-se de uma apropriação particular das contribuições de Pierre Bourdieu e da Sociologia da Crítica. A partir de levantamento documental, entrevistas e observações de campo em audiências públicas e em eventos promovidos por fundações familiares e empresariais no Brasil e nos EUA, o artigo apresenta o espaço social da disputa em torno da Base e discute oito estratégias de consensualização estabelecidas pelos agentes que a encaminharam, com foco na concertação discursiva composta por eles e na atuação prático-discursiva das referidas fundações. Na sequência, são examinadas também as críticas proferidas por agentes contrários ao documento, bem como as relações entre crítica e legitimação no processo de criação da BNCC. À luz dos achados empíricos, a conclusão do texto aponta para a conveniência de uma abordagem multidimensional das disputas sociais.
Chloride penetration in concrete under wave impact action
Authors: Li Dawang , Sun Penggui , Lv Pan , Chen Xi , Li Ping , Xing Feng
Published: February 2020

In this paper, a washing-machine-shaped experimental device is presented to investigate the effect of marine environments on the penetration of chlorides in concrete. The proposed experiment is used to simulate different flow speeds and wave patterns surrounding the concrete and examine their effects on the penetration of chlorides in the concrete. The obtained experimental results show that there is a significant difference in chloride profiles between the specimens exposed to a marine environment with flow and wave actions and those immersed in a stationary solution. The difference is found to increase with exposure time, suggesting the importance of considering the marine environment when predicting the long-term durability of concrete exposed in a marine environment.
The Effect Of Oral Care Given To Patients On Mechanical Ventilatory Support By Two Different Methods On Bacterial Colonization In Oral Mucosa And Oral Health
Authors: TALİ Ayşe , KARAHAN Elif , CÖMERT Füsun
Published: February 2020

Aim: The aim of the study was to
examine oral care given to the patients on mechanical ventilatory support by
two different methods on bacterial colonization and oral health. Methods: This study had a design
including an experimental and a control group. Sample was composed of 30
patients who had mechanical ventilatory support less than 24 hours. Patients in
the experimental group were applied toothbrush and serum physiological; and
control group was applied oral care by abeslang and a sponge soaked with NaHCO3. Both groups were given
oral care four times a day for four days. Oral health was evaluated by “oral
assessment scale”, and bacterial colonization was assessed based on
bacteriological culture results of samples taken by cotton swab at days 1 and
4. Results: It was found that almost
half of the patients in both groups had insufficient saliva that was more
viscous than normal; and dental plaques were decreased among the patients in
the experimental group. In terms of bacteria in the oral mucosa, no
statistically significant differences were found between the groups based on
the comparison of culture results from days 1 and 4. It was found that both
methods used for oral care were effective; and they had no superiority over
each other.

Conclusions: It was concluded that
application of regular oral care for the patients on mechanical ventilatory
support as part of care protocols decreased bacterial colonization and had a
protective and improving effect on oral health.
Роль антикризисного управления в обеспечении экономической безопасности
Authors: Кудряшова Алла Владимировна , Щербакова Надежда Филипповна
Published: February 2020

Цель: обосновать целесообразность, возможность и значимость оценки эффективности антикризисного управления организации. Обсуждение: при большом многообразии методов антикризисного управления, показателей, характеризующих различные направления деятельности организации, авторами представлена система показателей, сгруппированных по определенным признакам. Уделено внимание не только количественным показателям, но и качественным. Информационной базой анализа является не только бухгалтерская отчетность, но также данные бухгалтерского, аналитического, статистического учета. Результаты: в статье представлена система показателей, на базе которой проводится оценка эффективности антикризисного управления, выделено семь этапов методики оценки антикризисных мер, позволяющих рассчитать интегральный коэффициент, по величине которого оценивается эффективность антикризисных мер, способствующих укреплению экономической безопасности.
The Expression of Vanilloid Receptor Subtype-1 (VR1) in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Rat Brain
Authors: TEMEL Şehime G
Published: February 2020

Capsaicine (CAP), a lipophilic vanilloid substance found in Capsicum peppers which produces the sensation of heat, has a prominent excitatory action on primary afferent neurons, and has long been used as a neuropharmacological tool to identify sensitive neurons. CAP shows its effect via Vanilloid Receptor Subtype-1 (VR1). Capsaicin affects a variety of brain regions , the presence of vanillod sensitive neurons in the brain has been reported in several studies. The VR1 receptors present in the hypothalamus most likely have other important functions including regulation of body temperature, food intake, metabolic balance etc. In this study we aimed to investigate potential physiological role of VR1 receptors in reproduction. Fort his purpose we performed dual immunofluorescence staining to explore the distribution of Gonodotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) neurons that express VR1 in rat brain. Most VR1 positive GnRH neurons found predominantly in organum vascularis lamina terminalis and preoptic area lesser extend in medial septum diagonal band. The findings that VR1 is expressed in GnRH neurons is of great importance, it can be speculated that VR1 may have a role in reproductive axis.
Bioflux Analyses v1
Authors: Weise Tobias
Published: February 2020

Biofilm formation under shear flow conditions was monitored using the Bioflux1000 device (Fluxion Biosciences, Inc.). In short, Candida albicans overnight cultures were washed in pre-warmed RPMI medium. Cells were seeded for 2-5 sec from the outlet well into the channels of Bioflux1000 flow chambers, which were primed before with warm medium. The cells were allowed to adhere to the channels for 90 min without any flow, followed by removal of non-adherent cells by flowing fresh, pre-warmed RPMI medium for 5 sec. Shear flow was set for time series experiments over 24 h biofilm formation and images were captured every 20 min. Two channels were investigated in parallel having a 10 × magnification to allow a direct comparison between a mutant and a reference (wild type) strain. Image capturing and stacks to movies was performed using the MetaMorph® Software (Molecular Devices). Source material provided as AVI files was converted into single TIFF images as well as data frames containing meta data annotations. The individual image contains two growth chambers (wild type and mutant) separated by four edge lines. Images were rotated automatically to vertical alignment in order to carry out an automated chamber detection and analysis. The mean pixel intensity (i. e. grey scale value; reflecting cell density) of the individual chamber was calculated and added into the respective data frame. An ODE model reflecting the logistic growth as well as the lag phase was fitted to the individual experiments. Fitting was carried out by minimising a cost function (unweighted least-squares-based) using the Nelder-Mead algorithm. Growth rate time series generated from the fitted model were used to compare wild type and mutant regarding the maximum observed growth rates at their respective time points. All computations were performed using the programming language python (version 3.6.9) and the additional packages numpy (version 1.16.2), opencv-python (version 4.1.1.26), pandas (version 0.25.0), scipy (version 1.3.1) and scikit-image (version 0.15.0).
Reseña
Authors: Dantas Taisa
Published: February 2020

García-Rodríguez, A. & Gómez-Díaz, R. (2016). Lectura Digital Infantil. Dispositivos, Aplicaciones y Contenidos. Cataluña: UOC. 130 pp. ISBN-13: 978-8491164333 / ISBN-10: 8491164332
A New Feature Extraction Approach Using Contourlet Transform and T-Test Statistics for Mammogram Classification
Authors: GEDİK Nebi
Published: February 2020

In this study, a CAD
system is recommended for the classification of mammography images as
normal-abnormal and benign malignant. The proposed system consists of the
feature extraction, determination of the distinguishing capabilities of the
features and selection of the features using by dynamic thresholding according
to the determined distinguishing capabilities. It uses the contourlet transform
to extract features. The distinguishing capabilities of the features are
determined by using t-test statistics, and the thresholds are applied to those
values to select effective ones. Classification is performed using support
vector machine algorithm for every iteration with each thresholding step. Among
the results of the iteration performed, the optimum data that have the best
performance, which is they have maximum accuracy result with the minimum number
of features, is selected as the optimum value. To evaluate the optimal feature
set, classification carries out using the feature set applying 5-fold
cross-validation. According to the results, the proposed method can be accepted
as a successful CAD system.
U.S. European foreign policy vector (50-60s of the XX century)
Authors: Lakishyk Dmytro
Published: February 2020

The article argues that the United States entered the post-war world in a completely new role for the state, surpassed all other countries in the main indicators of strength – military, economic, technological and cultural. World wars turned them into the center of Western civilization, which opposed Soviet power, which secured significant spheres of influence in Eastern Europe and the Far East as a result of World War II.

It is argued that the main areas of geopolitical rivalry between the two centers of power are the regions that are on the periphery of Eurasia: the clash line in Europe, the Middle and the Far East. Throughout the entire period of rivalry, the United States has transformed from an episodic into a constant factor in European politics, institutionalizing its presence in the Old World and building relations with Western European allies on the basis of “Atlantism”, “interdependence” and “burden sharing”.

It was proved that the main task of the US administrations in the post-war period was the creation of a “power perimeter” around the zone of Soviet control, maintaining its functioning and further strengthening. First, its line ran in Europe, then in East Asia, and later was expanded to the Middle East, having adequate support with American military bases and military-political blocs.

It is noted that the confrontation between the two superpowers took place including the alternation of conflict and cooperation, reflected the desire of the victors to consolidate the subordinate position of the defeated – mainly Germany and Japan – in the new system of international relations. Carrying out “containment” of the USSR, the USA actually implemented a policy of “double containment”, directed both against the potential strengthening of Germany and in order to maintain control over Western Europe as a whole. In this regard, the consolidation of “spheres of influence” of each of the parties preserved the results of the war, providing “silent cooperation” on issues of principle.
The british-american direction in the strategy of the Third International in 1941-1943 (on the materials of the «diary» of Georgi Dimitrov)
Authors: Rymar Ihor
Published: February 2020

On the basis of diary entries of the Secretary General of the Third International G. Dimitrov, documents of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, and documents of Soviet foreign policy, the author analyzes the characteristic features of the discursive model of the strategy and tactics of the Third International in 1941-1943, especially its activities in the field of propaganda regarding the Communist Party of the USA and the Communist Party of Great Britain during the first period of the German-Soviet war of 1941-1945 and in the process of the formation of the Anti-Hitler coalition. The role of the CPUSA and CPGB in the process of consolidating democratic forces in the struggle against Germany and its allies, the features of their activities in the framework of the discursive model of the Third International of 1941-1943, are characterized. The place and significance of the CPUSA and CPGB in the context of the Comintern’s strategy of providing comprehensive assistance to the USSR in the war with Germany, the deployment of the partisan movement and the Resistance movement in occupied countries, and the establishment of relations with the governments of F. Roosevelt and W. Churchill for a quick end to the war. In the course of the study, the main areas of activity of the American and British Communist Parties, the preservation of distance in cooperation with national governments and especially the intelligence and counterintelligence bodies of the Allies during 1941-1943, were established. A separate place in G. Dimitrov’s recordings is occupied by the problem of opening a second front in Europe in 1942 and propaganda issues related, first of all, to the signing of the British-Soviet and American-Soviet agreements, the problems of their coverage in newspapers and on the radio.
Methodological bases of development of natural-cognitive tourism in Ukraine
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bortnyk Sergii , Stetsiuk Volodymyr ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2020

There is the apparent problem of the establishment and further development in Ukraine of a fundamentally new direction of natural-cognitive tourism (geotourism), the scope of which includes all the tourism activities available today. The development of this new field of activity for Ukraine today can be characterized in the form of certain stages: 1) to determine the methodological provisions of natural tourism; 2) to evaluate its place in the system of philosophical definitions of the process of scientific knowledge. It is argued that the science of terrain relief determines the proposition of a large variety of areas of natural tourism research: a) endogenous, exogenous natural and anthropogenic factors; b) prominent landscape sights; c) the diversity of climatic, glaciological, orographic, hydrological conditions; d) powerful natural processes of endogenous (volcanism, earthquakes) and exogenous nature; e) extreme processes of climatic-meteorological nature. The introduction of the natural knowledge in to the ideology of tourism and the ethnocultural component as a consequence of the phenomenal nature of the conditions, is substantiated. Support for the geographical attractiveness of the area, its authenticity, preserving its natural and cultural heritage, and enhancing the well-being of local communities are important among the new functions of geotouristical activity in the world. It is precisely on these tendencies of world and European development of nature tourism (geotourism) we must also be guided. Important is the qualification training of specialists in the tourism industry. For this purpose, a new specialty “Natural geography, geomorphology and nature-cognitive tourism” was introduced at the Department of Earth science and Geomorphology of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv.
Sustainability of current account balances in small states
Authors: Khadan Jeetendra , Deonarine Amrita
Published: February 2020

This article applies the inter-temporal budget constraint framework and panel cointegration tests to examine the sustainability of current account deficits in 17 small states over the period 1995-2016. The findings show the existence of cointegration between real exports and real imports, but with the magnitude of the long-run coefficient being less than one, which support a “weak” form of current account sustainability in small states.
CERÁMICA: MATERIALIDAD Y SIMBOLISMO. EN TORNO A LOS SIGNIFICADOS QUE ENCIERRA EL CONSUMO DE CERÁMICA IMPORTADA EN ASTURIAS
Pottery: Materiality and Symbolism. About the Meanings of the Imported Pottery Consumption in Asturias
Authors: Busto Zapico Miguel
Published: February 2020

A través del estudio de 3.220 piezas cerámicas con una cronología que se extiende desde el siglo XIII al XVIII y que han sido recuperadas en diferentes excavaciones arqueológicas realizadas en el Principado de Asturias hemos sido capaces de obtener datos de índole social. De este modo, ofreceremos una síntesis de la evolución de consumo de cerámica en Asturias desde la Baja Edad Media y durante la Edad Moderna. Nos fijaremos en alguno de los significados y las pautas sociales que nos señala su consumo. Por último, estudiaremos determinadas piezas cerámicas que fueron utilizadas por las élites sociales como un instrumento en el que reflejar su estatus dominante.
SILLÓN LICEO DE JUAN CUENCA, LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UN MANIFIESTO.
Liceo Chair. The Construction of a Manifiesto
Authors: Aguilar Alejandre María
Published: February 2020

Dentro del panorama del diseño industrial andaluz de mobiliario contemporáneo existe una figura clave, a menudo desconocida, que es la del arquitecto, diseñador y escultor cordobés Juan Cuenca, quien fue uno de los miembros del Equipo 57. De entre todos sus objetos diseñados hasta ahora, el sillón Liceo (1999) resume magistralmente el ideario de diseño de su autor. Este se basa fundamentalmente en los principios clásicos de la industrialización bauhasiana, el uso de trazados reguladores al servicio de la ergonomía así como el doble tratamiento de sus piezas de mobiliario a la vez como esculturas y como objetos de diseño. El sillón Liceo funciona, por tanto, como una silla-manifiesto de la filosofía de diseño de su autor y aparece como un hito dentro del diseño contemporáneo andaluz.
DISEÑOS APOTROPAICOS. UN ENSAYO DE ANTROPOLOGÍA SIMÉTRICA
Apotropaic Designs. An Essay of Symmetrical Anthropology
Authors: Veloso Carmen Lage
Published: February 2020

Algunos dispositivos retóricos han desempeñado, a lo largo de los tiempos,  funciones de protección, advertencia, disuasión o fascinación. De fuerte componente abstracto, los patrones decorativos que se extienden por los paramentos, el mobiliario,  los libros o los tejidos, se han relacionado, en numerosas ocasiones, con efectos apotropaicos. Como armas en potencia, estas sofisticadas trampas sirven indistintamente para  la seducción y para la guerra.
UN TRONO HÚNGARO PARA LA REINA REGENTE EN LA EXPOSICIÓN UNIVERSAL DE BARCELONA DE 1888.
A Hungarian Throne for the Queen Regnant at the Universal Exhibition of Barcelona, 1888
Authors: Vives Chillida Julio Andrés
Published: February 2020

En la Exposición universal de Barcelona de 1888, Felix Kohn, director de la fábrica de muebles curvados de Viena Jacob & Josef Kohn, regaló a la Reina regente María Cristina el trono de la nave de Hungría exhibido en el Palacio de la industria. La nota recrea el episodio concreto del encuentro entre la Reina y Felix Kohn, originarios ambos de Moravia, el día de la inauguración y explica en detalle en su contexto las características principales del trono que se encuentra expuesto en el Palacio Real de Madrid.
Primary School Children’s Practices of Watching Cartoons and Their Perceptions about Cartoon Characters
Authors: ŞAHİN Sacide , İLHAN Vahit
Published: February 2020

The relation between television and children is, to a large extend, associated through cartoons. Cartoons are in the leading preferential position of children audience from pre-school period to adolescence. Having been accessible all through 24 hours after the appearance of thematic children channels, cartoons have been opening doors of hundreds of various worlds. Stories, designed within the framework of global or domestic codes, are transmitting their messages through characters at first place. This research on audience was performed in Kayseri and is aimed to define the children’s habits of watching TV and cartoon and their perceptions about cartoon characters. A survey has been applied to 420 student from various age groups in 3 different schools ensampling three different socio-economic levels. According to the results gained, the most watched cartoon TV by primary school children is TRT Çocuk, most watched cartoon is Rafadan Tayfa and Keloğlan is the most loved character among 96 different cartoon characters. It was determined that national productions are in the forefront but generally the international productions dominate. It was also determined that children define the behaviors of cartoon characters with adjectives such as good, nice...etc. Otherwise the characters have extraordinary features appears to be a factor which causes increase in the ratings. Moreover, it is suggested in the research that gender is an important determinant within the context of cartoon selection and adoption of cartoon characters
Kış Uykusu’nu Kant ve Nietzsche Etiği Çerçevesinde Düşünmek
Authors: ZENGİN Hatice Sevgi
Published: February 2020

Bu makalede Kant’ın ödev ahlakı ile Nietzsche’nin efendi/köle ahlakı anlayışı, felsefenin mutluluk, kötülük sorunsalı bağlamında tartışılarak Nuri Bilge Ceylan’ın 2014 Cannes Film Festivali’nde Altın Palmiye ödülüne layık görülen Kış Uykusu filminin ahlak felsefesi açısından analizi yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sinema felsefenin yürüttüğü entelektüel tartışmaların görsel sunumuyla izleyicisini düşündürür. Sinemada estetik olarak sunulanlar etik sorgulamanın önünü açar. Bu makalenin amacı felsefi altyapı ile film analizi yaparak sinema ile etik ilişkisini göstermektir. Sinema içinden ahlaki sorular sorularak estetik rejimin içinden ahlaki rejim okunmaya çalışılmıştır. Metinde ödev ahlakı sorunsalının Kantçı teorik çerçevesi çizilmiştir. Kış Uykusu’nda öne çıkan figürlerin ‘iyi’ ve ‘yardımsever’ davranışları Kantçı ödev ahlakı kriterlerine göre analiz edilerek bu davranışların evrensel ahlak düzenine uygunluğu çözümlenmiştir. Kış Uykusu’ndaki felsefi tartışmalar ve sorular üzerinden diyalogların yan anlamları ile düz anlamlarına bakılarak söylem analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu soruların cevapları, Kantçı ödev ahlakı teorisinde, Nietzsche’nin efendi/ köle ahlakı ayrımında, Adorno’nun Kant ile Nietzsche’ye getirdiği bu alandaki eleştirilerde ve Heidegger’in düşünme üzerine yürüttüğü felsefede bulunmuştur. Kantçı ideal ahlak ilkelerine aykırı durumlar, Nietzsche’nin kuramıyla açıklanabilmektedir. Nietzsche Kant’taki değişmez etik ilkelerin normatif temelini geçersizleştirir. Dolayısıyla ‘güç istenci’ne uygun bencilce davranışlar açıklanmış olur. Nietzsche’nin efendi/ köle ahlakı teorisiyle açıklanabilen eğilimler Kantçı doğal hukukun ‘iyi’ kavramını da tartışmaya açmıştır. Bu makalede Kant ile Nietzsche’nin karşılaştırmalı değerlendirilmesiyle, Kış Uykusu filmi felsefi çözümleme yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir.
Gender and Racial Stereotypes of Video Game Characters in (MMO)RPGs
Authors: BAKAN Uğur , BAKAN Ufuk
Published: February 2020

Internet and related new communication environments have also caused many changes in social and cultural structures. Games which are a mass communication medium, provide a space where players can easily obtain images, ideas, and evaluations to determine their own behavioral schedules. There are a number of studies that have included a variety of methodologies and data sources to determine whether or not video games, are also a direct influence on people’s thoughts and behaviors such as traditional media environments that address millions of people. Today, MMORPGs are becoming more and more difficult with increasingly difficult tasks and wars. Different types of media such as visual and print media are the platforms that people can meet different stereotypes. Stereotypes are common thoughts that they are not private and carried on by sharing within the same community. While stereotype has a more uniform quality, prejudice can encompass a large number of stereotypes (ex, race, religion, sex stereotypes). This study aims to determine whether or not there is a relationship between gender and racial stereotypes of video game characters and variables such as race, gender, body types, and sexual portrayal-attire. Of the 107 RPG games that were examined, there were a total of 273 (46.2%) male characters and 318 (53.8%) female characters. Results of the chi-square analysis indicated that there were significant distribution differences between dependent and independent variables.
Başkalarının Aşkı: Hangi Kadın Filminde Mimetik Arzu
Authors: BOSTAN Dilara
Published: February 2020

Rene Girard, mimetik arzu kavramı etrafında geliştirdiği arzu teorisinde, arzuyu “mimesis”e dayanarak açıklar. Girard’a göre mimesis, yani bir kişinin diğerine öykünmesi, insana dair temel bir davranış şeklidir. Mimetik arzu kavramı da temelde arzunun kaynağının içsel olmadığını ifade eder. Her arzu başkasının arzusudur. Dolayısıyla kültüreldir. Girard mimetik arzuyu modern metinlerde tespit eder, ama sonrasında mimetik arzunun insanlığın başlangıcından itibaren işleyen bir mekanizma olduğunu ortaya koyar. Onun için mimetik davranış kültürün kökeni, kültür insanı hayvandan ayıran temel özelliktir. Öte yandan kültürün bazı özellikleri toplumda haset, hınç ve intikam gibi duyguları tetikleyerek şiddete yol açar. Modern öncesi dönemde bu şiddet kurban ve günah keçisi gibi kültürel pratiklerle belirli hedeflere yönlendirilerek ortadan kaldırılmaya çalışılır. Modernlikle beraber bu tarz pratikler ortadan kalkarken onları ikame eden daha kompleks pratikler ortaya çıkar. Günümüzde de farklı iletişim mecralarında mimetik davranış kültürün merkezindeki konumunu muhafaza etmektedir. Bununla birlikte mimetik davranışın ortaya çıkardığı duygular ise serbestçe dolaşımdadır. Şiddeti somut planda gündelik hayattan çıkaran modern hayat onu daha soyut bir biçimde yaygınlaştırır. Modern öncesi dönemde bu şiddetin tehdit ettiği şey toplumken, bugün insan teklerinin hayatı anlamlandırma biçimidir.
Türk Sinemasında Gazeteci Kimliğinin Temsili
Authors: ARIK Emel , AKGÜN Hakkı
Published: February 2020

Kuşkusuz sinema filmlerinin üretildiği ve tüketildiği toplumsal bağlam filmin anlamlandırılması bakımından son derece önem taşımaktadır. Türkiye’de yaşanan ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasal gelişmeler neticesinde medyanın doğası, gazetecilik pratikleri ve gazeteci kimliği geçtiğimiz yüzyılda köklü değişimler geçirmiştir. Söz konusu değişimi sinemada temsil ediliş biçimi üzerinden inceleyen bu çalışmada basının tarihsel gelişimine ve dönüşümüne ışık tutularak yaşanan paradigma değişiklikleri ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma, toplumsal bir anlam üretim aracı olarak sinemanın, toplumsal bir niteliğe sahip gazeteci kimliğini temsil biçimi bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Bu amaçla 1960’tan günümüze başrollerinde gazeteci karakterlerin yer aldığı ya da doğrudan medyayı konu alan yapımlar arasından amaçlı örneklem yoluyla seçilen filmler söylem analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda 1980’li yıllara kadar sinema filmlerinde daha saygın bir konumda yer alan, entelektüel ve idealist fikir adamı olarak görülen gazeteci kimliğinin, 80’li yıllardan itibaren sinema filmlerindeki bu konumunu yitirmeye başladığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonuç olarak basında ve toplumda yaşanan gelişmelerin gazeteci ve medya profesyonellerinin beyaz perdedeki temsillerine de doğrudan yansıdığı saptanmıştır.
Evolución de un centro asistencia medieval leonés: el Hospital de San Marcelo (1084-1531)
Authors: Prada Villalobos Monserrat
Published: February 2020

El hospital de San Marcelo estaba emplazado en una posición estratégica dentro de la ciudad de León. Pertenecía a la abadía del mismo nombre, y fue la primera alberguería de la que se tiene constancia en León, perdurando durante toda la Edad Media hasta 1531, año en el que se anexionó al hospital de San Antonio Adad. Era uno de los hospitales más destacados de la ciudad.
La minería del wolframio en el noroeste de la península ibérica (1939-1959). La Peña del Seo
Authors: Castro Franco Diego
Published: February 2020

Autor: Diego Castro FrancoDirector: Dr. José Javier Rodríguez GonzálezTesis doctoral defendida el 19 de septiembre de 2017El wolframio era importante para la producción armamentística porque se utilizaba básicamente para endurecer el blindaje de los tanques y para fabricarproyectiles antitanque con mayor capacidad de perforación. A la demanda alemana de este mineral pronto se sumó también la británica y estadounidense, desencadenándose una feroz competencia entre las potencias beligerantes que estimuló el aumento de la producción en las minas españolas y que el precio de venta se disparase. Por ejemplo, entre enero y noviembre de 1943, cotizándose la tonelada de wolframio entre 170.000 y 275.000 pesetas, el Reino Unido adquirió un total de 2.563 toneladas frente a las 1.185 toneladas adquiridas por Alemania.4 Al tratarse de un negocio altamente beneficioso el gobierno español quiso participar gravando con enormes impuestos las exportaciones: en abril de 1942 el impuesto de exportación de wolframio ascendía a 1.250 libras esterlinas por tonelada y en enero de 1943 se había doblado esa cifra.5 En 1943 el valor de la exportación del mineral había sido de 1.500 millones de pesetas, de las que el Instituto Español de Moneda Extranjera había ingresado su equivalente en divisas, Hacienda había cobrado 600 millones y el resto se había repartido entre industrias, salarios, etc.6 En 1943, con una producción de 3.902 toneladas, España era el quinto  productor mundial de wolframio por detrás de China, Estados Unidos, Portugal y Bolivia. Entre 1942 y 1944 se produce en España el mismo tonelaje que la suma de la producción en los 37 años anteriores, suponiendo el 5,1% de la producción mundial. La mayor parte de la producción de España procedía de la multitud de pequeñas minas explotadas de manera informal por los aventureros.
TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HOMEMADE FIG AND MULBERRY VINEGAR
Authors: YÜCELŞENGÜN İlkin , KILIÇ Gülden
Published: February 2020

In this study, antimicrobial activity of traditionally produced fig and mulberry vinegar was examined. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of vinegar samples against eight microorganisms including Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Pediococcus acidilactici were determined. Both types of vinegar exhibited inhibitive effect on all test microorganisms. The MIC values of fig and mulberry vinegar were determined as ranging between 0.39-12.5% and 3.12-12.5% (v/v), respectively. The most sensitive bacteria to fig vinegar was B. subtilis while S. typhimurium was the most sensitive one to mulberry vinegar. After neutralization of vinegar, bactericidal effect was observed only in fig vinegar sample, which had higher total phenolic content than mulberry vinegar. These results indicated the potential of home-made vinegars as antimicrobial substance that could be used as functional food ingredients and as food supplements.
A study of timed get up and go scores as falls risk assessment in elderly in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Kumar Anita , Biswas T. K.
Published: February 2020

Background: Early detection of falls risk in the community dwelling elderly helps to take preventive measures to avoid falls and hence decrease morbidity associated with falls. Falls are a serious threat to independent living and self-confidence of the elderly. Using simple tools to determine risk of falls helps in early detection and prevention of falls. Aims and objectives of the study was to establish TUG data among patients attending the geriatric clinic at MGM hospital, Kamothe and to determine risk of falls in these patients with respect to their systemic involvement.Methods: A prospective observational study of 100 geriatric age group patients were studied for their TUG scores and classified based on systems involved. TUG was performed using standard protocol and scores were stratified based on gender, age and diagnosis. Participants were required to perform TUG and were instructed to rise from an armless chair walk 3 meters and turn around at the chalk mark, walk back, and sit. They were instructed to walk at a normal pace without walking aids and shoes. Time was recorded when participants’ buttocks were lifted off the chair to stand and stopped when the buttocks touched the seat when returning to sitting position.Results: The results showed that the average TUG score of this cohort of 100 patients attending our geriatric outpatient clinic was 13 sec. 60 Males and 40 females were analyzed of which  38 patients had less than 12 s  as TUG score and 62 patients  had more than or equal to 12 sec  as TUG score. Maximum number of patients undergoing the TUG test had musculoskeletal complaints. Yet patients with respiratory conditions had the highest mean TUG score of 14 sec and patients with abdominal and CNS conditions had lowest mean TUG scores.Conclusions: This study of TUG score of cohort of 100 patients showed that average TUG score was 13 sec which was higher than  12 second mark which indicates that these patients who did not have any previous fall had a  risk of future falls and hence a requirement of  an in depth  mobility assessment and early intervention.
A study of pulmonary function abnormalities in obese individuals
Authors: Vaishnav Bhumika T. , Tonde Tushar V.
Published: February 2020

Background: Previous studies suggest that obese individuals are prone to pulmonary function abnormalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate pulmonary function tests in obese individuals and to relate pulmonary abnormalities if any found to lipid abnormalities and to the extent and duration of obesity.Methods: This prospective study was done on 40 obese patients attending to Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital, Mumbai with complaints of pulmonary functions during the period from January to December 2012. Pulmonary function test was done with the help of Jaegers pneumoscreen. The percentage of body fat was determined by using triceps skin fold thickness technique by using Vernier callipers. Fasting serum samples was collected to analyses cholesterol and triglycerides.Results: Female preponderance was seen in the study (57.5%). Forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, maximum mid expiratory flow rate was significantly reduced and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity was significantly increased in individuals who had abnormal pulmonary function. Decrease in pulmonary function was noted with increased levels of cholesterol and triglyceride but the correlation was not significant.Conclusions: Obese individuals although asymptomatic have significant lung function abnormality in the form of restrictive as well as obstructive pattern. Hence, reduction in the body weight may help in reversal of the pulmonary function indices.
PHYSICAL MODELING OF THE ELASTIC WAVES REFLECTION FROM THE BOUNDARY WITH LOW-VELOCITY AZIMUTHALLY ANISOTROPIC MEDIUM
Authors: Fedin K. V. , Kolesnikov Yu. I. , Beysembaev R. N.
Published: February 2020

The physical modelling of elastic waves reflected from the boundary between the water and the model of low-velocity azimuthally anisotropic medium was carried out. The model of anisotropic medium was made using 3D printer. The results of experiments showed that the reflection coefficients are practically independent from the azimuth at the angles of incidence less than 25°. At larger angles of incidence, the azimuthal dependence of the reflection coefficients is observed, which is most pronounced at azimuths from 45° to 75°. The results of measurements in the layering direction are in good agreement with the theoretical reflection coefficients for the boundary of isotropic media.
Effects of selenium supplementation on glucose homeostasis in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Sadat Najib Fatemeh , Poordast Tahereh , Rezvan Nia Mina , Hossein Dabbaghmanesh Mohammad
Published: February 2020

Background: There is limited evidence about the anti-diabetic effects of selenium supplementation in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Objective: This study investigates the effects of selenium supplementation on glucose homeostasis in women with GDM.
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 pregnant women with GDM were enrolled in this prospective randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. They were randomly assigned to take either 100μg selenium supplements as tablet or a placebo daily for 12 wk since 24-28 wk of gestation. The primary outcomes were changes in the glucose homeostasis, including fasting plasma glucose, the 2-hr post prandial blood glucose, serum insulin level, glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb A1C), and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA_IR) at the initial period and 3 months after intervention.
Results: The mean maternal age of the patients who took selenium supplements was 29.19 ± 6.16 (range 18-41) years. In the placebo group, the mean maternal age was 31 ± 4.43 (range 24-39) years. Compared with the placebo group, fasting plasma glucose, 2- hr post-prandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin(Hb A1C), serum insulin level, and homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance(HOMA_IR) were not significantly changed in the selenium group at the end of study (p = 0.25, p = 0.87, p = 0.34, p = 0.57, and p = 0.31, respectively).
Conclusion: The results of this trial suggest that supplementation with 100μg of selenium does not modulate glucose homeostasis in women with GDM.
Key words: Diabetes, Gestational, Selenium.
Repeated use of medications for ovulation induction after unsuccessful treatment: A cause of concern for infertile couples
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Zagami Samira , Janghorban Roksana , Latifnejad Roudsari Robab
Published: February 2020

This is a Letter to Editor and does not have an abstract.
Food Consumption and Anthropometric Assessment Survey of Autism Affected Children, Adolescents, and, Adults: A Pilot Study
Authors: Munira Shirajam , Islam Tanvir , Hawladar Mehedi Hasan , . Asad-Ud-Dawla
Published: February 2020

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is referred to a group of complex neuro-developmental disorders, which can be characterized by impairments in social and communication skills as well as repetitive body movements and behaviors. The objective of this study was to examine adequacy of nutrient intake and to determine the scientific nutritional data of ASD individual. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, retrospective analysis of 24-hour recall questionnaire and anthropometric data collected from 32 ASD individuals, aged 9-34 years was done. To this point, the participants' weight/height and calorie were measured using a portable weight/height scale and Harris Benedict Energy Equation, respectively. Results: According to the findings, 90.62% individuals were carrying more weight than the desire weight. Among different age groups, the highest mean of carbohydrate intake per day was found in the adolescent group with a standard deviation of 212.54 ± 45.45 g. The lowest mean of fat intake per day was found in the child group with a standard deviation of 25.04 ±2.79 g. This study indicated that individuals with ASD had inadequate diets in terms of kilocalories and macronutrients; however, their current body weight was higher than the desirable one. Conclusion: This study established scientific nutritional data for the future research and evidence-based studies in Bangladesh. Although several factors may influence the nutritional status, calorie intake, and nutrient intake, choosing foods is the first step to improve the health and well-being.
The Effect of Spinach Powder and Egg-Shell Powder on Physicochemical and Edible Qualities of Gluten-Free Cake
Authors: Asghari-pour Sahar , Noshad Mohammad , Nasehi Behzad , Ghasemi Parisa
Published: February 2020

Background: Replacement of the gluten is one of the challenging issues in the food industry, since producing nutritious and functionally acceptable gluten-free foods is difficult. The cake is a cereal-based product that attracts the consumers due to its various flavors, long shelf-life, and relatively low cost. Considering the competition in markets and the increased demand for functional and natural products, efforts have been made to improve nutritional and functional properties of the cakes by modifying their nutritional composition. Methods: In this research, the effect of spinach powder (0-30 %) and egg-shell powder (0-7%) was evaluated on physical characteristics (density, porosity, color, texture properties) and functional properties (Total phenol, DPPH, Ash, moisture content, crude fiber, Mineral content) of gluten free-cake. Results: The results indicated that increasing spinach powder reduced L* value, a* value, porosity, and hardness, while it increased the moisture content, density, ash, mineral content, total phenol, antioxidant activity, total fiber, and overall acceptance. Increase of the egg-shell powder increased moisture content, a* value, total phenol and was decreased overall acceptance. On desirability function method, gluten-free cakes formulated with 11.78% of spinach powder and 4% of egg-shell powder had the most and desired physicochemical quality. Conclusion: Overall, the results indicated that spinach powder and eggshell powder could offer promising sources for improving the functional properties and acceptability of gluten-free cakes.
Sleep Quality of the College Students Based on Their Nutrition and Internet Usage: A Web-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sharafi Fatemeh , Lesani Azadeh , Javadi Maryam
Published: February 2020

Background: Excessive utilization of electronic media may affect the individuals' health and quality of sleep. This study aimed to investigate sleep quality of the college students based on their diets and duration of time spent on the internet. Methods: In this cross-sectional web-based study, 385 students were selected randomly from the Qazvin University. Data was collected by a self-administered online questionnaire designed in Google-drive. The questionnaire included demographic information, Petersburg sleep quality, duration of time spent on the internet, food habit, health status, physical activity, and anthropometric characteristics. A total of 229 students filled out the questionnaire completely. To analyze the data, SPSS version 22 was used. Paired t-test, ANOVA, ANCOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient were applied for statistical analyses. Results: The mean time spent on the internet was 28.83 ± 20.89 hours/week, which showed a significant relationship with the students' health status (P = 0.005), sleep quality score (P = 0.048), components of sleep quality (P = 0.029), and sleep disorder (P = 0.01). The mean score of Petersburg sleep quality index demonstrated a significant relationship with marital status (P = 0.029), Body mass index (P = 0.008), as well as consumption of some food groups like fruits, sausage and salami, and canned foods (P = 0.048, 0.05, 0.01). Conclusions: Students who used the internet a lot had poor-quality sleep and unhealthy food choices. This was a reciprocal relation. Consequently, a healthier life style and minimum duration of time on the Internet can lead to physical health and better quality asleep.
The Association between Macronutrient Intake and the Metabolic Syndrome in Yazdian Adult Population
Authors: Hasanizadeh Shirin , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh , Mirzaei Masoud , Salehi-Abargouei Amin , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh
Published: February 2020

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a collection of metabolic disorders including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, high glucose levels, and high blood pressure. The macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the effective factors in the occurrence of MetS. This study aimed to determine the association between the macronutrients intake and MetS in 20-69 year-old adult population of Yazd Greater Area, Iran. Methods: This study used Yazd Health Study (YaHS) recruitment phase data. The YaHS was a prospective cohort conducted on a random sample of 10,000 Yazdian adults aged 20-69 years. To conduct this study data from TaMeZ (Taghzieh Mardom-e-Yazd) or Yazd Nutrition Study, which was a nutrition study associated with YaHS were also used. MetS was defined according to the ATP III criteria. Dietary intake was evaluated using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). To evaluate the relationship between macronutrients and MetS, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used. Results: The odds ratio for the incidence of MetS was significantly higher in individuals who consumed higher amounts of carbohydrates. However, fat and protein intake did not have any significant relationship with odds of the developing MetS. Individuals with higher intake of carbohydrates had significantly higher odds of abdominal obesity (OR: 1.89, CI: 1.06-3.34); whereas, the probability of abdominal obesity decreased significantly in the highest quintile of protein intake (OR: 0.45, CI: 0.25-0.79). Conclusion: High intakes of carbohydrate increased the odds of getting to MetS and abdominal obesity. However, high levels of protein reduced the odds of abdominal obesity. No association was found between fat intake and the odds of the MetS. More prospective studies are needed to determine the role of macronutrients in MetS.
Choroidal Thickness in Acute Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Nikkhah Homayoun , Feizi Mohadeseh , Abedi Naser , Karimi Saeed , Yaseri Mehdi , Esfandiari Hamed
Published: February 2020

Purpose: To compare the choroidal thickness in eyes with acute non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) with healthy contralateral eye and normal controls.
Methods: Thirty-eight eyes with NAION, thirty-eight unaffected fellow eyes, and seventy four eyes from 37 healthy, age- and sex-matched subjects were included in this prospective comparative case-control study. Choroidal thickness was measured by enhanced depth imaging (EDI) of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). Peripapillary choroidal thickness (PCT) was measured at 1000 and 1500 μm from Bruch's membrane opening (BMO). Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was measured in central subfoveal area, and 500 microns apart in temporal and nasal sides. Choroidal thickness among NAION eyes, uninvolved fellow eyes, and control eyes were compared.
Results: The mean of PCT at 1000 μm was significantly thicker in NAION and fellow eyes compared to control eyes (169.7 ± 47, 154.4 ± 42.1, and 127.7 ± 49.9 μm, respectively, P < 0.001 and P = 0.42). The mean PCT at 1500 μm was also significantly thicker in NAION and fellow eyes compared to control eyes (178.6 ± 52.8, 162.6 ± 46.1, and 135.1 ± 59 μm, respectively, P = 0.007 and P = 0.048). The mean PCT at 1000 and 1500 μm was significantly greater in NAION compared to fellow eyes (P = 0.027 and P = 0.035, respectively). The mean of SFCT was significantly thicker in NAION compared to control eyes (P = 0.032); however, there was no significant difference between uninvolved fellow and control eyes (P = 0.248).
Conclusion: Thicker choroidal thickness in acute NAION and uninvolved fellow eyes compared to normal eyes suggests a primary choroidal role in NAION pathophysiology.