bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐quinolones. Part 155. Bioreversible Chemical Modification of Chinoxycaine at the Tertiary Amino Group as a Method of Improving Its Pharmaceutical Activity.
Authors: Ukrainets I. V. , Kravtsova V. V. , Tkach A. A. , Rybakov V. B.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented FeCl3·6H2O‐Promoted Skeleton Rearrangement of 1‐Aryl‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1H‐3‐benzazepines: A New Strategy for the Synthesis of C1 Quaternary Tetrahydroisoquinolines.
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Ao
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Spiro Heterocyclization of 1H‐Pyrrole‐2,3‐dione in the Reactions with 3‐Arylamino‐5,5‐dimethylcyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐ones.
Authors: Silaichev P. S. , Aliev Z. G. , Maslivets A. N.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Organocatalytic Biginelli and Biginelli‐Like Condensations: Reversal of the Stereochemistry by Tuning the 3,3′‐Disubstituents of Phosphoric Acids.
Authors: Li Nan , Chen Xiao‐Hua , Song Jin , Luo Shi‐Wei , Fan Wu , Gong Liu‐Zhu
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrogen Bridgehead Compounds. Part 94. Synthesis of Halogenated 4H‐Pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Molnar Annamaria , Faigl Ferenc , Podanyi Benjamin , Finta Zoltan , Balazs Laszlo , Hermecz Istvan
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Methyl 3‐Amino‐1H‐indole‐2‐carboxylates in the Synthesis of 5H‐Pyrimido[5,4‐b]indole Derivatives.
Authors: Shestakova A. S. , Shikhaliev Kh. S. , Sidorenko O. E. , Kartsev V. G. , Simakov S. V.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 6‐Substituted 5,6,7,8‐Tetrahydropyrimido[4,5‐d]pyrimidine‐2,4‐diones and 2‐Thioxo‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydropyrimido[4,5‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Aksinenko A. Yu. , Sokolov V. B. , Goreva T. V. , Epishina T. A. , Pushin A. N.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrano[4,3‐d]pyrimidinium Salts. Part 2. Reactions of 1,3‐Dimethyl‐2,4‐dioxopyrano[4,3‐d]pyrimidinium Salts with Hydrazine.
Authors: Kostrub V. V. , Tsupak E. B. , Tkachenko Yu. N. , Shevchenko M. A.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Diketopiperazine Derivative and Observation of Self‐Assembled Structure.
Authors: Ohta Yosuke , Terada Kayo , Masuda Toshio , Sanda Fumio
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,6,7,8‐Tetrahydro‐naphtho[2,3‐d]‐azepino[4,5‐b]indole‐9,14‐diones and Their Inhibitory Effects on Proinflammatory Cytokines.
Authors: Phutdhawong Waya S. , Ruensamran Wanwikar , Phutdhawong Weerachai , Taechowisan Thongchai
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 1,4‐Benzodiazepin‐3‐ones from o‐Bromobenzylamines and Amino Acids via Cascade Coupling/Condensation Process.
Authors: Wang Hexiang , Jiang Yongwen , Gao Kun , Ma Dawei
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,8‐Dithia‐dibenzo[e,h]azulenes and Their 8‐Oxa Analogues. Synthesis and Antiinflammatory Activity.
Authors: Landek Ivana Ozimec , Pesic Dijana , Novak Predrag , Stanic Barbara , Nujic Krunoslav , Mercep Mladen , Mesic Milan
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Potassium Azidoaryltrifluoroborates and Their Cross‐Coupling with Aryl Halides.
Authors: Cho Young Ae , Kim Dong‐Su , Ahn Hong Ryul , Canturk Belgin , Molander Gary A. , Ham Jungyeob
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Spirophosphoranes with a Phosphorus—Carbon Bond Based on 2‐(2‐Acetylphenoxy)benzo‐1,3,2‐dioxaphosphole.
Authors: Abdrakhmanova L. M. , Mironov V. F. , Baronova T. A. , Krivolapov D. B. , Litvinov I. A. , Dimukhametov M. N. , Musin R. Z. , Konovalov A. I.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Irciformonins E—K, C22‐Trinorsesterterpenoids from the Sponge Ircinia formosana.
Authors: Shen Ya‐Ching , Shih Pei‐Show , Lin Yun‐Sheng , Lin Yu‐Chi , Kuo Yao‐Haur , Kuo Yuh‐Chi , Khalil Ashraf Taha
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkaloids from the Roots of Stemona tuberosa
Authors: Hu Jun‐Ping , Yang Dong‐Hui , Lin Wen‐Han , Cai Shao‐Qing
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Carbocyclic Nucleoside Analogues Built on a Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane‐2,2‐dimethanol Template.
Authors: Hrebabecky Hubert , Dracinsky Martin , Holy Antonin
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (—)‐Afzelechin: General Route to Catechin‐Class Polyphenols by Solving an SN2 vs. SN1 Problem.
Authors: Ohmori Ken , Takeda Megumi , Higuchi Takashi , Shono Tomohiro , Suzuki Keisuke
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Review of SO2‐4/MxOy Solid Superacid Catalysts
Authors: Wu Yanni , Liao Shijun
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Density Functional Theory for Transition Metals and Transition Metal Chemistry
Authors: Cramer Christopher J. , Truhlar Donald G.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Polymers Constructed from Transition Metal Ions and Organic N‐Containing Heterocyclic Ligands: Crystal Structures and Microporous Properties
Authors: Noro Shin‐ichiro , Kitagawa Susumu , Akutagawa Tomoyuki , Nakamura Takayoshi
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Probing Molecular Chirality by CD‐Sensitive Dimeric Metalloporphyrin Hosts
Authors: Berova Nina , Pescitelli Gennaro , Petrovic Ana G. , Proni Gloria
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Ruthenium Catalysts for Alkene Metathesis
Authors: Fischmeister Cedric , Dixneuf Pierre H.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Effects on Reactivity and Properties of Oximes and Hydroxamic Acids
Authors: Charton Marvin
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangements of Hydroxylamines, Oximes and Hydroxamic Acids
Authors: Pereira M. Manuela A. , Santos Pedro Paulo
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Some Intrinsic Features of Hydroxylamines, Oximes and Hydroxamic Acids: Integration of Theory and Experiment
Authors: Politzer Peter , Murray Jane S.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cage‐Like Based Materials with Carbon and Silicon
Authors: Melinon P. , Masenelli B.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Introduction
Authors: Davies Alwyn G.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Seven‐ and More‐Membered Ring Heterocycles
Authors: Troin Yves , Sinibaldi Marie‐Eve
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Five‐Membered Ring Heterocycles
Authors: Huang Pei‐Qiang
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Three‐ and Four‐Membered Ring Heterocycles
Authors: Cardillo Giuliana , Gentilucci Luca , Tolomelli Alessandra
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Membrane Permeability in the Gastrointestinal Tract: The Interplay Between Microclimate pH and Transporters.
Authors: Kristl Albin
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Transporters in Absorption, Distribution, and Elimination.
Authors: Scherrmann Jean‐Michel
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Potentiation of MRP2/Mrp2‐Mediated Estradiol‐17β‐glucuronide Transport by Drugs — A Concise Review.
Authors: Heredi‐Szabo Krisztina , Jemnitz Katalin , Kis Emese , Ioja Eniko , Janossy Judit , Vereczkey Laszlo , Krajcsi Peter
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Design of Well‐Defined Active Sites on Crystalline Materials for Liquid‐Phase Oxidations
Authors: Kaneda Kiyotomi , Mitsudome Takato
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Achievements and Challenges for a Greener Chemical Industry
Authors: Cavani Fabrizio , Ballarini Nicola
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: In silico pKa Prediction and ADME Profiling
Authors: Cruciani Gabriele , Milletti Francesca , Storchi Loriano , Sforna Gianluca , Goracci Laura
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lipid‐Bilayer Permeation of Drug‐Like Compounds.
Authors: Kraemer Stefanie D. , Lombardi Dario , Primorac Adriana , Thomae Anita V. , Wunderli‐Allenspach Heidi
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Solvent Suppression for Solution NMR: A Practical Reference
Authors: McKay Ryan T.
Published: January 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prozessintegration von Hydrolyse und Fermentation von Cellulose‐ Faserstoff
Authors: Ulber R. , Poth S. , Monzon M. , Tippkötter N.
Published: January 2010

Ein viel versprechender erneuerbarer Rohstoff für die Produktion von Chemikalien und Treibstoffen ist Lignocellulose aus pflanzlicher Biomasse. Die darin enthaltenen Zucker können mittels enzymatischer Hydrolyse freigesetzt und fermentativ zu Ethanol umgesetzt werden. Ein interessanter Ansatz ist dabei die simultane Verzuckerung und Fermentation. Hefen und Enzyme haben mit 30 °C bzw. 50 °C zwar unterschiedliche Temperaturoptima, es konnte aber gezeigt werden, dass auch bei den niedrigeren Temperaturen eine Umsetzung der Cellulose zu Glucose erfolgt, wenn auch langsamer als bei optimalen Bedingungen. Außerdem konnte in Vorversuchen gezeigt werden, dass Ethanol in den zu erwartenden Konzentrationen keinen Einfluss auf die enzymatische Umsetzung hat.
Reaktionstechnische Aspekte der biokatalytischen Herstellung funktionalisierter Organosiloxane
Authors: Bertau M. , Fröhlich P.
Published: January 2010

Enzymkatalyse in Zweiphasensystemen, besonders in der Funktionalisierung von Siloxanen ist eine neue Herausforderung für die Biokatalyse. Anhand drei verschiedener Reaktionssysteme, Rührreaktor, Enzym‐Membran‐Reaktor und Mikromischer, werden Einflüsse zur Umsatzsteigerung infolge der durch die Grenzfläche wässriges System ‐ Organosiloxan erzeugten Stofflimitierung diskutiert und Lösungsansätze dargestellt. Mikromischer erzeugen durch ein großes Oberfläche‐zu‐Volumenverhältnis größere Grenzflächen als vergleichsweise im Rührkesselreaktor, wodurch z. B. α,ω‐Bis‐(aminopropyl)‐tetramethyldisiloxan anstelle von 12 % nach 96 h bereits zu 40 % nach 3 h vorliegt. Dabei werden die verschiedenen Kinetiken, die an der Grenzfläche auftreten, sowie einzelne umsatzlimitierende Parameter diskutiert. Anhand eines zweiten Prozesses wird die kontinuierliche Abtrennung des Hydrolyseproduktes Formiat bei der enzymatischen Spaltung von α,ω‐Bis‐(formoxypropyl)‐tetramethyldisiloxan im Enzym‐Membran‐Reaktor demonstriert. Der Umsatz erhöht sich nach jeweils 96 h im Vergleich zum Rührreaktor ohne Nebenproduktabtrennung von 40 % auf 60 %.
Electrochemical Degradation of Remazol Black B Dye Effluent
Authors: Soloman Poppana Antony , Basha Chiya Ahmed , Velan Manickam , Ramamurthi Veerappan , Koteeswaran Kandasamy , Balasubramanian Natesan
Published: January 2010

This study focused on the electrochemical degradation of hydrolyzed Remazol Black B (CI Reactive Black 5), a common diazo reactive dye, in aqueous solution. In the presence of various auxiliary dye chemicals, a typical Remazol Black simulated exhausted dyebath liquor was treated electrochemically in various basic electrochemical reactor configurations such as batch, batch recirculation and single pass systems. The effect of current density, supporting electrolyte concentration, electrolysis duration, specific electrode surface and fluid flow rate on pollutant removal and energy consumption performance of the systems was critically evaluated. Batch studies show the following operating parameters, current density: 2.5 A/dm2, electrolysis duration: 6 h, and supporting electrolyte concentration: 3 g/L, were optimal for good overall performance of the system. Color removal was complete by 3 h of treatment for all combinations of parameters studied. The pollutant removal performance of the batch recirculation system was found to have improved considerably by increasing the flow rate. Performance of the batch recirculation system was comparatively better than the other rector configurations studied, with respect to capacity utilization and energy consumption.
The Tunable Functionality of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds Enables Their Differential Application in Biological Systems
Authors: Amslinger Sabine
Published: January 2010

α,β‐Unsaturated carbonyl compounds as potential drug candidates is a controversial topic since their potential Michael acceptor activity can lead to cell damage and cytotoxicity. Nevertheless, the α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl functionality can be employed as a tool to fine tune biological activity by directly manipulating this entity. Depending on their electronic properties, α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl functionalities display different reactivities, namely Michael addition, radical scavenging, oxidation or double bond isomerization. Modifying the α‐position of the α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl system, a concept that has not been widely explored, could produce new, very interesting derivatives. Currently in drug development, irreversible binding in active sites has proven to be one answer to drug resistance in cancer treatment. Overall, natural products containing the α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl unit possess multiple biological activities that could be transferred into novel pharmaceutical agents.
Silver Nanoparticles Mediate Differential Responses in Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts during Skin Wound Healing
Authors: Liu Xuelai , Lee Pui‐yan , Ho Chi‐ming , Lui Vincent C. H. , Chen Yan , Che Chi‐ming , Tam Paul K. H. , Wong Kenneth K. Y.
Published: January 2010

With advances in nanotechnology, pure silver has been recently engineered into nanometer‐sized particles (diameter <100 nm) for use in the treatment of wounds. In conjunction with other studies, we previously demonstrated that the topical application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can promote wound healing through the modulation of cytokines. Nonetheless, the question as to whether AgNPs can affect various skin cell types—keratinocytes and fibroblasts—during the wound‐healing process still remains. Therefore, the aim of this study was to focus on the cellular response and events of dermal contraction and epidermal re‐epithelialization during wound healing under the influence of AgNPs; for this we used a full‐thickness excisional wound model in mice. The wounds were treated with either AgNPs or control with silver sulfadiazine, and the proliferation and biological events of keratinocytes and fibroblasts during healing were studied. Our results confirm that AgNPs can increase the rate of wound closure. On one hand, this was achieved through the promotion of proliferation and migration of keratinocytes. On the other hand, AgNPs can drive the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, thereby promoting wound contraction. These findings further extend our current knowledge of AgNPs in biological and cellular events and also have significant implications for the treatment of wounds in the clinical setting.
Guide for investigators conducting international cancer research involving developing nations
Authors: Martin Iman K. , Awuah Baffour , Newman Lisa A.
Published: January 2010

International studies of cancer will increasingly involve collaboration with underdeveloped countries. These research partnerships will also strengthen communication and understanding between diverse populations.
Oxidative Purification of Carbon Nanotubes and Its Impact on Catalytic Performance in Oxidative Dehydrogenation Reactions
Authors: Rinaldi Ali , Zhang Jian , Frank Benjamin , Su Dang Sheng , Abd Hamid Sharifah Bee , Schlögl Robert
Published: January 2010

Oxidative purification with mild diluted HNO3 followed by NaOH washing lowers the amount of amorphous carbon attached to multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The graphitic structure improves remarkably by further annealing in argon at elevated temperatures, that is, 1173, 1573, and 1973 K. The influence of the purification treatment on the catalytic activity of the CNTs is investigated for the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethylbenzene and propane as probe reactions. All samples tend to approach an appropriately ordered structure and Raman analysis of the used samples displays a D/G band ratio of 0.95–1.42. Oxygen functionalities are partly removed by the annealing treatment and can be rebuilt to some extent by oxygen molecules in the ODH reactant flow. The presence of amorphous carbon is detrimental to the catalytic performance as it allows for unwanted functional groups occurring in parallel with the formation of the selective (di)ketonic active sites.
Pressure of a Partially Ionized Hydrogen Gas: Numerical Results from Exact Low Temperature Expansions
Authors: Alastuey A. , Ballenegger V.
Published: January 2010

We consider a partially ionized hydrogen gas at low densities, where it reduces almost to an ideal mixture made with hydrogen atoms in their ground‐state, ionized protons and ionized electrons. By performing systematic low‐temperature expansions within the physical picture, in which the system is described as a quantum electron‐proton plasma interacting via the Coulomb potential, exact formulae for the first.ve leading corrections to the ideal Saha equation of state have been derived [A. Alastuey, V. Ballenegger et al., J. Stat. Phys. 130, 1119 (2008)]. Those corrections account for all effects of interactions and thermal excitations up to order exp(EH /kT) included, where EH ≃ –13.6 eV is the ground state energy of the hydrogen atom. Among the.ve leading corrections, three are easy to evaluate, while the remaining ones involve suitably truncated internal partition functions of H2 molecules and H– and H2+ ions, for which no analytical formulae are available in closed form. We estimate those partitions functions at.nite temperature via a simple phenomenology based on known values of rotational and vibrational energies. This allows us to compute numerically the leading deviations to the Saha pressure along several isotherms and isochores. Our values are compared with those of the OPAL tables (for pure hydrogen) calculated within the ACTEX method (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Investigation of s‐ and p‐Polarized Reflectivities of Nonideal Plasma
Authors: Zaporozhets Yu.B. , Mintsev V. , Gryaznov V. , Fortov V.E. , Reinholz H. , Röpke G.
Published: January 2010

The results of new experiments on reflectivity of polarized light on explosively driven dense xenon plasma are presented. The study of polarized reflectivity properties of plasma was accomplished using laser light of wavelength λ = 1064 nm, λ = 694 nm and at incident angles up to θ = 60 degrees. With density ρ = 2.7 g/cm3, pressures P = 10.5 GPa and temperatures up to T ∼ 3 · 104 K of the investigated plasma, conditions with strong Coulomb interaction (the nonideality parameter up to Γ ∼ 2.0) were present (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Toward a New Laser Induced Hydrodynamic Forward Transfer Process with Femtosecond Lasers
Authors: Hallo L. , Mézel C. , Bourgeade A. , Saut O.
Published: January 2010

We describe self‐consistently the relevant laser interaction with transparent dielectrics. A laser beam focused in the bulk with a laser energy of 100 nJ reaches intensities greater than 8 ×1013W /cm2 due to the very small focusing area. An estimate of this focal area is given by Sfoc = π × Rw2, with Rw the laser focal radius of typically 500 nm. The material experiences optical breakdown in the bulk, i.e. near the focal section, and is thus ionized, i.e. converted into a hot and dense plasma. The shock and rarefaction waves which are generated may produce a void inside the target as is it now classically understood from experimental and modeling (Gamaly et al. 2006 [1]). Typical dimensions of the obtained voids are submicrometric, i.e. 0.2 μ m3 in the previously described laser configuration.

In confined geometries we show that jets can develop. Jet's sizes and expansion velocities depend both on laser energy and distance from the rear surface. This jet formation regime, apparently new, can be related to some Laser Induced Forward Transfer (LIFT) process, with submicrometer jet diameters (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Pressure Fluctuations in Nonideal Plasma
Authors: Lankin A. , Norman G. , Saitov I.
Published: January 2010

Fluctuations of pressure of singly ionized nonideal plasma are studied using the fluctuation approach which provides the self‐consistent joint description of free and weakly bound electron states. The classical molecular dynamics method is used. The electron‐ion interaction is described by the density‐ and temperature‐independent cutoff Coulomb potential. The results for partially ionized plasma are related to the Gryaznov‐Iosilevsky effective repulsion which could suppress the thermodynamic plasma instability. The fully ionized plasma region is found where pressure fluctuation distribution can be approximated by the superposition of two Gauss distribution functions. It could be considered as a precursor of the plasma phase transition (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Abnormal Kinetic Energy of Charged Dust Particles in Plasmas
Authors: Norman G. , Stegailov V. , Timofeev A.
Published: January 2010

A mechanism of the increase of the average kinetic energy of charged dust particles in gas discharge plasmas is suggested. Particle charge fluctuation is the reason for the appearance of forced resonance, which heats vertical oscillations. The energy transfer from vertical oscillations to the horizontal ones is based on the parametric resonance. It arises because of the overlapping of the eigenfrequency range of the horizontal oscillations in a dust particle cluster with the eigenfrequency range of particle vertical oscillations in near‐electrode plasmas. The combination of the parametric resonance and the forced resonance explains the high kinetic temperature of dust particles. The estimated frequency, amplitude and kinetic energy are close to the experimental values (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Simulation of Residual Zonal Flow Levels in Stellarators Including a Radial Electric Field
Authors: Kleiber R. , Hatzky R. , Mishchenko A.
Published: January 2010

Results from simulations of the Rosenbluth‐Hinton initial value problem for different stellarator configurations using the global gyrokinetic code EUTERPE are shown. Especially the influence of an external radial electric field on the residual flow level is investigated. It is found that generally an external field can lead to an increase in the flow levels for small to moderate Mach numbers (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Maternal voice and short‐term outcomes in preterm infants
Authors: Krueger Charlene , Parker Leslie , Chiu Sheau‐Huey , Theriaque Douglas
Published: January 2010

This study explored effects of exposure to maternal voice on short‐term outcomes in very low birth weight preterm infants cared for within an neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) without an ongoing program of developmental care. Using a comparative design, 53 infants born during their 27th to 28th postmenstrual week were sampled by convenience. Experimental groups were exposed to maternal voice during two developmental time periods. Group 1 listened to a recording of their mothers reciting a rhyme from 28 to 34 postmenstrual weeks. Group 2 waited 4 weeks and heard the recording from 32 to 34 weeks. The control group received routine care. The primary analysis of combined experimental groups compared to the control group revealed that the experimental infants experienced significantly fewer episodes of feeding intolerance and achieved full enteral feeds quicker compared to the control group. Further, in an analysis evaluating all three groups separately, it was noted that Group 1 experienced significantly fewer episodes of feeding intolerance compared to the control group. Study findings warrant further investigation of exposure to maternal voice and the developmental timing at which exposure is begun. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52:205–212, 2010
Anti‐doping testing at the 2008 European football championship
Authors: Vouillamoz Marc , Thom Caroline , Grisdale Richard , Saugy Martial , Giraud Sylvain , Robinson Neil , Gmeiner Günter , Geisendorfer Thomas
Published: January 2010

Big sports events like the 2008 European Football Championship are a challenge for anti‐doping activities, particularly when the sports event is hosted by two different countries and there are two laboratories accredited by the World Anti‐Doping Agency. This challenges the logistics of sample collection as well as the chemical analyses, which must be carried out timeously. The following paper discusses the handling of whereabouts information for each athlete and the therapeutic use exemption system, experiences in sample collection and transportation of blood and urine samples, and the results of the chemical analysis in two different accredited laboratories. An overview of the analytical results of blood profiling and growth hormone testing in comparison with the distribution of the normal population is also presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic expression of groucho‐related genes Grg1 and Grg3 in foregut endoderm and antagonism of differentiation
Authors: Santisteban Pilar , Recacha Pablo , Metzger David E. , Zaret Kenneth S.
Published: January 2010

While much is known about Groucho corepressors in Drosophila development, less is known about Grg homologs in mammalian embryogenesis. The transcription factors FoxA1 and FoxA2 are redundantly necessary for liver‐inductive competence of the endoderm, and recently we found that FoxA factors bind Grg3, recruit the corepressor to FoxA target genes, and cause transcriptional repression, when Grg3 is ectopically expressed in adult liver cell lines that express little or no endogenous Grg. Unexpectedly, we now find that Grg1 and Grg3 mRNAs are co‐expressed with FoxA factors in the foregut endoderm, prior to liver differentiation, though only Grg3 protein is expressed there. Grg3 mRNA and protein are extinguished at the onset of liver differentiation. Lentiviral delivery of Grg3 to explants of foregut endoderm suppresses liver gene induction. We suggest that Grg expression in the endoderm helps suppress the liver program and find that endodermal competence involves a balance between activators and corepressors. Developmental Dynamics 239:980–986, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MMP‐2 regulates rat ventral prostate development in vitro
Authors: Bruni‐Cardoso Alexandre , Rosa‐Ribeiro Rafaela , Pascoal Vinicius D. B. , De Thomaz Andre A. , Cesar Carlos L. , Carvalho Hernandes F.
Published: January 2010

We have hypothesized that epithelial growth, branching, and canalization in the rodent ventral prostate (VP) would require matrix remodeling, and hence matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of blocking MMP‐2, using whole organ culture. siRNA was employed to inhibit MMP‐2 expression, and this was compared to GM6001's (a broad‐spectrum MMP inhibitor) inhibition of general MMPs. These blocks impaired VP morphogenesis. MMP‐2 silencing reduced organ size, epithelial area, and the number of tips, as well as caused a dilation of the distal parts of the epithelium. Histology, 3‐D reconstruction, biochemistry, and second harmonic generation (SHG) revealed that MMP‐2 silencing affected VP architecture by interfering in epithelial cell proliferation, lumen formation, and cellular organization of both epithelium and stroma, besides intense accumulation of collagen fibers. These data suggest that MMP‐2 plays important roles in prostate growth, being directly involved with epithelial morphogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 239:737–746, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phylogeny of the teashirt‐related zinc finger (tshz) gene family and analysis of the developmental expression of tshz2 and tshz3b in the zebrafish
Authors: Santos Joana S. , Fonseca Nuno A. , Vieira Cristina P. , Vieira Jorge , Casares Fernando
Published: January 2010

The tshz genes comprise a family of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors. However, despite the major role played by Drosophila tsh during the development of the fruit fly, the expression and function of other tshz genes have been analyzed in a very limited set of organisms and, therefore, our current knowledge of these genes is still fragmentary. In this study, we perform detailed phylogenetic analyses of the tshz genes, identify the members of this gene family in zebrafish and describe the developmental expressions of two of them, tshz2 and tshz3b, and compare them with meis1, meis2.1, meis2.2, pax6a, and pax6b expression patterns. The expression patterns of these genes define a complex set of coexpression domains in the developing zebrafish brain where their gene products have the potential to interact. Developmental Dynamics 239:1010–1018, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nesprins, but not sun proteins, switch isoforms at the nuclear envelope during muscle development
Authors: Randles K. Natalie , Lam Le Thanh , Sewry Caroline A. , Puckelwartz Megan , Furling Denis , Wehnert Manfred , McNally Elizabeth M. , Morris Glenn E.
Published: January 2010

Nesprins are a family of nuclear transmembrane proteins anchored via Sun proteins to the nuclear membrane. Analysis of nesprins during human muscle development revealed an increase in nesprin‐1‐giant during early myogenesis in vitro. During the transition from immature to mature muscle fibres in vivo, nesprin‐2 partly replaced nesprin‐1 at the nuclear envelope and short nesprin isoforms became dominant. Sun1 and Sun2 proteins remained unchanged during this fibre maturation. In emerin‐negative skin fibroblasts, nesprin‐2‐giant was relocated from the nuclear envelope to the cytoplasm, not to the endoplasmic reticulum, while nesprin‐1 remained at the nuclear envelope. In emerin‐negative keratinocytes lacking nesprin‐1, nesprin‐2 remained at the nuclear envelope. HeLa cell nuclear envelopes lacked nesprin‐1, which was the dominant form in myoblasts, while a novel 130‐kD nesprin‐2 isoform dominated Ntera‐2 cells. The results suggest the possibility of isoform‐specific and tissue‐specific roles for nesprins in nuclear positioning. Developmental Dynamics 239:998–1009, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Silver Doped Poly(L‐valine) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for the Simultaneous Determination of Uric Acid, Ascorbic Acid and Dopamine
Authors: Hu Wenna , Sun Dengming , Ma Wei
Published: January 2010

In this paper, a silver doped poly(L‐valine) (Ag‐PLV) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was fabricated through electrochemical immobilization and was used to electrochemically detect uric acid (UA), dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA) by linear sweep voltammetry. In pH 4.0 PBS, at a scan rate of 100 mV/s, the modified electrode gave three separated oxidation peaks at 591 mV, 399 mV and 161 mV for UA, DA and AA, respectively. The peak potential differences were 238 mV and 192 mV. The electrochemical behaviors of them at the modified electrode were explored in detail with cyclic voltammetry. Under the optimum conditions, the linear ranges were 3.0×10−7 to 1.0×10−5 M for UA, 5.0×10−7 to 1.0×10−5 M for DA and 1.0×10−5 to 1.0×10−3 M for AA, respectively. The method was successfully applied for simultaneous determination of UA, DA and AA in human urine samples.
Influence of the Electrode Material on the Electrochemical Behavior of Carbon Paste Electrodes Modified with Meldola Blue and Methylene Green Adsorbed on a Synthetic Zeolite
Authors: Gligor Delia , Craciunescu Izabella , Popescu Ionel Catalin , Gorton Lo
Published: January 2010

Carbon paste electrodes modified with a phenoxazine derivative, Meldola blue, and a phenothiazine derivative, methylene green, both strongly adsorbed on a synthetic zeolite were investigated using either glassy carbon powder (Sigradur K, SK) or single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) as conductive electrode material. In the case of SWCNT based electrodes, the formal potential of both mediators was pH dependent, as expected for a redox process involving proton transfer. In contrast, the formal potential of both mediators of SK based modified electrodes was practically insensitive to pH. This behavior is discussed in terms of interactions existing in the heterogeneous system mediator‐zeolite‐electrode material.
Influence of Metal Nanoparticles on the Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glucose by Poly(NiIIteta) Modified Electrodes
Authors: Azad Uday Pratap , Ganesan Vellaichamy
Published: January 2010

Conductive polymeric [NiII(teta)]2+ (teta=C‐meso‐5,5,7,12,12,14‐hexamethyl‐1,4,8,11‐tetra‐azacyclotetradecane) films (poly(Ni)) have been deposited on the surface of glassy carbon (GC), Nafion (Nf) modified GC (GC/Nf) and Nf stabilized Ag and Au nanoparticles (NPs) modified GC (GC/Ag‐Nf and GC/Au‐Nf) electrodes. The cyclic voltammogram of the resulting electrodes, show a well defined redox peak due to oxidation and reduction of poly(Ni) system in 0.1 M NaOH. They show electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of glucose. AFM studies reveal the formation of poly(Ni) film on the modified electrodes. Presence of metal NPs increases electron transfer rate and electrocatalytic oxidation current by improving the communication within the Nf and poly(Ni) films. In the presence of metal NPs, 4 fold increase in current for glucose oxidation was observed.
Liposomes in capillary electromigration techniques
Authors: Wiedmer Susanne K. , Shimmo Ruth
Published: January 2010

The use of phospholipid vesicles (liposomes) in EKC and CEC, as well as the use of CE for studying liposomes and lipid–analyte aggregates, are briefly reviewed. The works are presented in the order of appearance. The review describes the most common liposome dispersions used for achieving separation of neutral and charged compounds in liposome EKC. The CEC part is divided into two parts, discriminating between liposomes immobilized on capillaries for hindering analytes from interacting with the fused‐silica wall and liposomes immobilized on capillaries for achieving chromatographic phases for separation of compounds. Finally, the use of CE for studying liposomes and lipid–analyte aggregates as analytes is discussed in brief.
CE with MS detection: A rapidly developing hyphenated technique
Authors: Klampfl Christian W.
Published: January 2010

Thirty years of Electrophoresis – 22 years of CE‐MS; what has happened to this hyphenated technique within the last decades? Was it able to develop from a scientifically interesting and promising but exotic technique, available exclusively to a restricted group of users with pronounced technical skills, to an almost routine technique (at least in some fields of application) performed on commercially available equipment? What might be the future of CE‐MS with respect to technical developments or new fields of application? The present review paper will try to provide answers to some of these questions. Current progress as well as possible future directions in CE‐MS will be displayed using the example of selected publications from several areas.
Difference gel electrophoresis
Authors: Minden Jonathan S. , Dowd Susan R. , Meyer Helmut E. , Stühler Kai
Published: January 2010

Difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) was invented to circumvent the inherent variability of 2‐DE. This variability is a natural consequence of separating thousands of proteins over a large space, such as a 15×20 cm slab of polyacrylamide gel. The originators of 2‐DE envisioned being able to compare cancerous cells and normal cells to understand what makes these cells different. Gel‐to‐gel variability made this an extremely difficult task. We reasoned that if both samples could be run on the same gel, then the inherent variability would be obviated. Thus, we created matched sets of fluorescent dyes that allows one to compare two or three protein samples on a single gel. In the 12 years since the description of DIGE first appeared in Electrophoresis, this founding paper has been cited over 660 times. This review highlights some of the improvements and applications of DIGE. We hope these examples are illustrative of what has been done and where the field is headed.