bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Influencing Factors of The Green Coordinated Development of Productive Service Industry and Manufacturing Industry Under the Background of Dual Carbon
Authors: Zheng Wenzhi , Chen Meixuan , Ouyang Jing , Sun Huaizhen
Published: July 2023

Under the dual-carbon background, along with the process of the two-wheel drive development strategy, the industrial synergistic agglomeration has quietly become the "new normal" of urban industrial spatial layout, and the green total factor productivity has become an essential measure of the quality of economic development of cities in China. This project takes the synergistic agglomeration at the factor level between the productive service industry and manufacturing industry as the perspective and analyzes the realization mechanism of green total factor productivity growth under the synergistic agglomeration of the manufacturing industry and productive service industry from the current situation of China's industrial development, which is also a deepening and expanding of the theory of agglomeration economy. This project first discusses the "greening" issue in the development process of the productive service industry and manufacturing industry, and applies the super-efficient DEA model to account for the green total factor productivity of the productive service industry and manufacturing industry according to the difference of industrial characteristics, and then expounds the inner mechanism of green total factor productivity growth under the synergistic agglomeration of industries. Then, the panel data of 24 provinces in China are used to modify the existing indexes for measuring the level of industrial synergistic agglomeration and analyze the impact factors of the synergistic evolution of the productive service industry and the manufacturing industry on the green total factor productivity. Finally, through scenario simulation analysis, different policy scenarios with different policy incentives are set up to study the impact of policy incentives further and propose corresponding policy recommendations.
The Impact of Capital Account Opening on RMB Internationalization
Authors: Qian Hanyu
Published: July 2023

At this stage, the internationalization of RMB is inseparable from the opening of capital account, and in this process, it is bound to face the challenge of systemic financial risks. Based on SV-TVP-VAR model, this paper makes a time variant analysis on the systemic financial transmission mechanism of capital account opening Affecting RMB internationalization. It is found that the opening of capital account promotes the development of RMB internationalization, and the international use of RMB will force the expansion of capital account opening. Further research shows that the current capital account is not easy to fully open, capital account convertibility intensifies the spillover of macroeconomic risks and external market risks, and macro prudential supervision needs to be improved. The restraint of capital account opening on monetary liquidity risk and asset bubble risk shows time varying characteristics, and the long-term development of RMB internationalization urgently needs to deepen the reform of financial system.
Oil Price Volatility, Macroeconomic Policy & Economic Growth
Authors: Feng Yanzhe
Published: July 2023

Since oil entered the production and life of mankind, it has profoundly affected and changed the whole world. With the continuous development of society, oil has become one of the indispensable energy sources for modern industrial production and life. At the same time, petroleum, with its special commodity attribute, is closely linked with national strategic interests and is an important strategic material for all countries in the world. The fluctuation of the international oil market and the change in the oil price are pulling the development of the global economy, even contributing to the outbreak of the financial crisis. In this paper, the three major oil crises in history as a starting point, from the nature of oil to seek the international oil price fluctuations, and fluctuations of the theoretical basis to build a new theoretical analysis of international oil price fluctuations path. From the aggregate supply, aggregate demand, and other, specific aspects of the impact of international oil price fluctuations on the macroeconomy. At the same time, an analysis of China and the west monetary policy explores the national currency, monetary policy, and international crude oil price fluctuations between the relationship. Finally, the paper discusses the influence of the fluctuation of international crude oil prices on the national macro-economy, and takes China as an example, drawing the conclusion that the change in oil prices will have many influences on the national macro-economy.
The Federal Reserve's Interest Rate Policy and Its Impact Against a Background of Inflation and High Unemployment Rate
Authors: Sun Jianxuan
Published: July 2023

This research adopts various economic data sources to investigate the effects of Federal Reserve (Fed) policies on the US economy. Specifically, the study focuses on labor market flows, short and long-term inflation expectations, and interest rates from 1960 to 2023. The findings suggest that over the past three decades, the Fed has artificially manipulated interest rates to curb long-term increases in unemployment. In this regard, this paper discusses the Impact of Business Financing and Costs, Labor Costs and Prices, Impact on Market Supply and Demand on interest rate changes from three perspectives. This study delves into detailed micro data on job vacancy rates and average earnings coefficients for different workers. By analyzing these factors and interest rate data, the paper argues that there is a strong correlation between employment trends and the Federal Reserve's monetary policy. Based on the data, the study projected that even if long-term inflation expectations remained stable, underlying inflation would still be half a percentage point above its long-term trend by the end of 2023. Overall, the paper provides valuable insight into the complex relationship between Fed policy, employment trends, and inflation in the U.S. economy.
How Will China's Clean Energy Industry Develop?
Authors: Luo Xinyu
Published: July 2023

This paper mainly takes China's clearer energy industry as the research object, and adopts the methods of literature analysis, comparative analysis and data analysis. The research compares and analyzes the current situation and evolution of the global and Chinese clearer power profession, and draws out the overall characteristics of the evolution and development of China’s clean energy industry. From three different levels of clearer power types, it specifically analyzes three major clean energy industries: solar energy industry, clean coal industry and fuel cell industry. The study found that with the continuous development of energy technology and profession, China’s clean energy industry is gradually opening up, and clean power discourse in the international market will continue to improve. Based on these conclusions, China’s clean energy industry needs cooperation, especially exploring the mode of mixed ownership between private and state-owned enterprises. By lowering the threshold for market access, it will greatly encourage entrepreneurship and innovation in the energy field, and jointly promote the globalization of China's clean energy industry.
Common Self-Assembly Mechanisms and Their Applications in the Medical Field
Authors: Wang Yueqi
Published: July 2023

Due to the different synthesis methods, organic materials made using self-assembly technology have many unique chemical properties compared to other organic materials. These specific chemical properties make these materials important in many fields, especially in the field of drug carrier design and protein structure simulation for pharmaceutical applications. Recently, more self-assembly techniques are being applied in completely new ways at different levels of discipline structure in order to produce results in the medical field. This paper will take the self-assembly method of non-covalent interaction as the starting point, introduce a variety of common mainstream self-assembly technologies from traditional hydrophilic hydrophobic self-assembly, hydrogen bond self-assembly to emerging charge transfer self-assembly, electrostatic self-assembly, and their application in medical treatment from drug transport to pathogenic mechanism simulation, discuss and consider the relationship between existing technological achievements and technical mechanisms themselves, and look forward to the future development and use of this technology and its subordinate categories.
Synthesis Approaches of Bio-Degradable Polymer Materials
Authors: Shan Jiahui
Published: July 2023

Numerous polymer materials are used in various fields of human’s life. However, for traditional petro-based polymer materials, because of the pollutants produced during the process of fabrication, as well as their difficulty in degradation and recycle, they contribute to major environmental issues such resource waste, global warming, and white pollution. In order to address those problems, an important way is to produce and apply more biodegradable polymer materials, which can be easily cycled in nature. Biodegradable polymers can be produced using a variety of synthetic approaches, including directly chemical synthesis, natural polymer modification, microbial synthesis, and enzymatic synthesis. These approaches offer biodegrable polymer materials both better mechanical or thermal properties as well as biodegradability, which make them desirable and appropriate for the application in diverse fields. The basic concept and mechanism of biodegradation of biodegradable polymers are discussed in this review, along with a presentation of various synthesis approaches and their related studies recently.
Exploration And Analysis of Weathering Factors of Glass Artefacts Based on Cluster Analysis and Grey Correlation Analysis
Authors: Wei Mingquan , Xu Jinglei , Xing Xusheng
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the chemical composition of ancient glass artefacts after weathering and to construct a model for classifying and predicting the class of artefacts based on some of the characteristics of the ancient glass artefacts obtained. Cardinality tests, information entropy, cluster analysis, support vector machines and grey correlation are mainly used to conduct the study. Through chi-square test, the relationship between weathering of glass relics and glass type, glass color and glass pattern is explained. Finally, the relationship between weathering and glass type is closer. Information entropy was used to explain the relationship between the weathering of cultural relics and the content of chemical components contained in cultural relics. Among them, potassium oxide ( O) and calcium oxide (CaO) had the largest information gain. The effective information gain of lead barium is silicon dioxide (Si ), potassium oxide (PbO), copper oxide (CuO) and sodium oxide ( O). By using cluster analysis, the law analysis and corresponding subcategories of high-potassium cultural relics and lead-barium cultural relics are made, and 3-5 subcategories are formed. Support vector machine was used to judge the type of glass relics, and the final result was that A1, A6 and A7 were high potassium. A2, A3, A4, A5, A8 are lead barium; The correlation coefficient matrix was used to analyze the correlation between the chemical components in different kinds of cultural relics, and the differences were explained based on the results of grey correlation degree analysis. Finally, the conclusion was drawn: in the firing process of high-potassium glass, the substance with high potassium content as the co-solvent did not have an essential effect on the formation of high-potassium glass. However, lead barium glass is different. As lead ore (high content of lead oxide and barium oxide) is added as co-solvent in the firing process, lead barium glass produced by firing contains a large amount of lead oxide and barium oxide.
Spatial system construction and design strategies for sustainable fire-resistant ancient villages
Authors: WeiyongZhi Wu , Zhongliang Gao , Chenyang Wang He , Yufei Cao , Wentian Yu
Published: July 2023

Ancient village fires have caused serious economic and cultural losses, and the construction of sustainable fire-resistant and disaster-resistant spatial systems and design strategies for ancient villages can effectively prevent and control ancient village fires. This paper uses the Dukezong Ancient City as the study area, chooses the hierarchical analysis method to analyze the factors of the 2014 Dukezong Ancient City fire, the risk assessment method to evaluate the riskiness of its post-disaster reconstruction, and proposes corresponding design strategies. The spatial system design strategy for sustainable fire-resistant ancient villages is designed to improve the risk assessment of disaster-causing factors in ancient villages, establish an evaluation mechanism for the regional characteristics of ancient villages, comprehensively improve the fire-fighting power of ancient villages, and establish a sustainable fire-resistant spatial system. It provides a theoretical basis and reference for the study of ancient village protection.
Research Review on Earthquake Resilient Structures
Authors: Zhang Rongtian
Published: July 2023

As researchers summarized their experiences with earthquake disasters, they found that the traditional seismic design concept of only regarding preventing collapse of structures under earthquake loads as the primary seismic defense objective for structures, has deficiencies in post-earthquake use and repair. Therefore, the concept of resilient structure design was proposed, which enables structures to quickly repair to pre-earthquake functional levels after earthquakes. Currently, the concept of resilience is gradually becoming the core theory of seismic design. This paper reviews the shortcomings of traditional seismic design concepts, introduces the two core objectives of resilient structure design, namely "reducing post-earthquake residual deformation" and "reducing post-earthquake structural damage and damage concentration." Resilient structures are mainly classified into rocking structures, structures with self-centering braced, and structures with replaceable member according to their implementation methods. The principles and research progress of these three structures are summarized. The deficiencies of existing building structural seismic performance are analyzed, and the reinforcement technology and practical engineering extension applications of the resilience concept in the reinforcement of existing structures are introduced. The prospects of the resilience concept in interdisciplinary research, post-disaster structural damage analysis, practical engineering applications, and other aspects are proposed.
Performance control study of interleaved meltblown nonwoven materials
Authors: Zhao Mengyao , Li JiaMan
Published: July 2023

Meltblown nonwoven material is an important raw material for mask production, and in order to optimize the product performance, this paper conducts a relevant study on its performance control. A typical correlation analysis model is constructed to study the effect of interpolation on structural variables and product performance variation, and a four-layer BP neural network model is constructed for predictive analysis to study the relationship between process parameters and structural variables. This paper maximizes the filtration efficiency and minimizes the filtration resistance while taking into account all conditions and requirements
Research on bridge detection and safety evaluation system based on BIM
Authors: Li Yingxue , Li Xinran
Published: July 2023

With the improvement of social and economic level, the scale of different types of infrastructure is constantly widening, the social from all walks of life put forward more stringent requirements for the level and quality of construction in our country. At present, many construction accidents occur frequently, and bridge collapses occur from time to time. The development of bridge detection and safety assessment structure system is in the initial stage. The research of bridge structural health detection system started in 1990, and the capital construction project has been slowly developed, and bridge detection has been gradually taken seriously. From a practical point of view, this paper analyzes and expounds the construction of bridge detection and safety assessment system based on BIM in detail.
Research on construction site violation monitoring platform with target detection
Authors: Zhang KunAo , Wang Yuheng
Published: July 2023

This mainly describes the construction site supervision platform design purpose, determine in different areas of internal detection and target detection of site violations in the supervision of the link, should be done to visualize the market site standard model, early warning type violation of work and safety class risk hidden danger, real-time monitoring of the site. With this as the basis condition, the systematic structure design of the supervisory platform is launched, and the intelligent voice recognition technology and in-depth learning technology of monitoring images are used to establish a sound design of this system, which maximally meets the requirements of construction site violation monitoring and supervision.
Dynamic intelligent prediction and platform development of slope deformation and failure in high and steep open-pit mine
Authors: Liu Hengyu , Chen Yang , Xiao Jiayi , Wang Chengkai , Ma Tianxing
Published: July 2023

This study is devoted to the quantitative study of the influence of rock and soil factors such as the physical properties of rock mass, the mechanical strength of rock mass, the shape of slope and the structural plane of rock mass on the displacement of high and steep open pit slope, and the coupling of mining factors, environmental factors and rock and soil factors. Based on a large number of engineering example data, using the integration ability of big data to build a sample library as a slope displacement training sample, in order to quickly grasp the development law of slope displacement change. On the basis of this research, an accurate and standardized slope displacement prediction system is formed, so as to build a dynamic intelligent prediction platform for slope deformation and failure of high and steep open-pit mines, and apply it to engineering practice, in order to provide support for the dynamic evaluation of slope stability of high and steep open-pit mines and the safe and efficient development and utilization of mineral resources.
Structural parameters and development trend analysis of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Fang Xiaotian , Jing Shengxin
Published: July 2023

Calcium titanite solar cells have been one of the hot spots of scientific research in recent years due to their excellent photovoltaic properties. This article talks about calcium titanite solar cells from three aspects: material structure, solar cell internal structure and photovoltaic properties. This paper describes the internal structure of perovskite cell and analyzes its photoelectric conversion principle.  At the same time for open circuit voltage, short circuit current, conversion efficiency and other important indicators made a detailed introduction. In view of the current development of solar energy, we hope to make several optimization enhancements, one is to improve the stability of solar panels, the second is to reduce the toxicity of the raw material itself, and the last point is how to prepare the method of large area. It is hoped that the research and improvement in this paper can promote the industrialization and industrial preparation of calcium titanate solar cells, which has positive significance for the development of solar cells.
Research on structural innovation of intelligent tree planting robot
Authors: Chen Miao , Zhou Qiandi , Zhong Peixin
Published: July 2023

This paper introduces an intelligent tree-planting robot, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural and forestry machinery and equipment, and the innovative features of its structure are hollow rotary drill and seedling storage and delivery device. This tree planting robot realizes the integration of autonomous movement, drilling, seedling delivery, mulching, compaction and watering functions, with a coherent workflow, which greatly improves the efficiency of tree planting. This robot will replace the traditional manual tree planting, greatly improve the survival rate of seedling planting and reduce labor cost.
Wireless signal modulation technology
Authors: Wang Xinhao
Published: July 2023

In this paper, based on wireless signal modulation technology, this paper introduces the more mainstream new modulation techniques, including OFDM, GFDM, and UFMC, in recent years. The second part of the article will introduce the wireless communication modulation techniques, the signal transceiver mechanism, and the principle of each part to realize the three systems. In the third part of the paper, the performance of each system in a noisy environment will be simulated and analyzed using the Matlab platform, including the BER comparison and analysis of different systems under different signal-to-noise ratios. In addition, the development of each modulation technology in recent years and the advantages of each technology will be introduced in this part, based on which the corresponding application scenarios and future development trends are also presented. In the future development of communication technology, each technology will also have its development prospect and expectation.
Comparison of UNB-based LPWAN Networks
Authors: Liu Hengxuan
Published: July 2023

Internet of things (IoT) technology has been a hot research direction in recent years. Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) is an important part of IoT. It helps realize smart cities, guarantees logistics security, and food security. It has important applications in both industrial and agricultural fields. Ultra narrow band (UNB) are systems that have very high spectrum efficiency but with restricted communication rate. It has become a popular choice for LPWAN due to its high anti-interference ability and low energy consumption. Therefore, in recent years, many LPWANs based on UNB technology have been developed. This paper introduces UNB, LPWAN, and IOT technologies in detail, and explains how LPWAN and UNB are used in IoT technologies. Then three UNB-based LPWAN networks, Sigfox, Telensa, Weightless-N, are introduced. Finally, we will compare these three technologies in terms of system composition, performance and application to find out their advantages and disadvantages in different aspects.
The error rate analysis for MPPM
Authors: Yi Li
Published: July 2023

Multiple pulse position modulation is one of many modulation techniques that are appropriate for optical communication systems. In this paper, a brief description of MPPM is introduced. More importantly, the error rate performance of MPPM is discussed as the main topic. It is investigated in both theoretical part by mathematical models and experimental part by MATLAB tool and some other techniques. It can be found that the error rate performance of MPPM can be affected by several factors such as signal to noise ratio (SNR), the figure of chips in each symbol, the operating bit rate level and the number of optical pulses. Besides, let LPPM compared with MPPM, MPPM has higher error rate in ideal circumstances. However, there are still limitations in this paper, only preliminary works were done to analyze the MPPM error rate. Therefore, further progress can be made in this topic and other facets of MPPM can also be researched to reach an achievement.
Design of a pulse amplitude modulation-based communication system
Authors: Zhang Yishi
Published: July 2023

The paper presented aims to introduce readers to communication systems that utilize pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) as a means of transmitting data. PAM is a form of modulation that involves varying the amplitude of a series of pulses to represent the information being transmitted. The paper provides a detailed analysis and comparison of various PAM-based communication systems, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. The main objective of the paper is to offer insights into the design of PAM-based communication systems. By thoroughly examining the different PAM-based communication systems, the authors aim to provide readers with a general understanding of the key considerations involved in designing such systems. The paper concludes with a summary of the main findings and offers some general guidelines that can be applied when designing PAM-based communication systems. Overall, the paper offers a valuable contribution to the field of communication systems, particularly for those looking to design systems that use PAM as their modulation scheme. The insights and guidelines provided in the paper are of reference significance and can be used to inform the design of future PAM-based communication systems.
Analysis of the Encoding and Decoding Process of Polar Code
Authors: Kong Siran
Published: July 2023

This paper briefly introduces the history of channel coding from the hamming code to the newest polar code. Then it introduces that the polar code is the only one that can reach the Shannon limit. With such a crucial technique, this study set it as the core research target of this article. After pointing out the target and the content of the polar code, this paper explains the core principle, which is the channel polarization theory. It also contains channel polarization's two components, the channel combining and splitting theory. In the main part, this paper explains the encoding and decoding of polar code in detail based on the polarization theory. It analyzes the whole process of polar code using examples with multiple inputs. And at last, the result of the likelihood ratio and channel capacity is obtained, which can be utilized to compute the relevant parameters to evaluate the efficiency of encoding and decoding and other rates.
Analysis of the ECG data based on a Gaussian mixture model
Authors: Zhan Xiaoyu
Published: July 2023

With the development of The Times, heart disease has become the first killer of human health, and the initial manifestation of heart disease usually is arrhythmia, so it is particularly important to conduct real-time monitoring and analysis of heart rhythm. In this paper, the data analysis of electrocardiogram. First, we preprocessed the heart rate data to improve the accuracy of the subsequent analysis results. Then, the features of the data values were quantified and clustered using a Gaussian mixture model to determine the plausibility of the model. Next, the various characteristic values of the arrhythmia were compared with the normal data, and the arrhythmia was classified. Finally, the entropy weight method is used to empower the risk degree of different indicators, and to evaluate the model to determine the risk level.
Review of Vehicle Type Recognition Methods
Authors: Yue Luchuan
Published: July 2023

With the booming social and economic development, the number of domestic and foreign motor vehicles has increased dramatically, resulting in increasing traffic flow, traffic congestion, and traffic safety problems. To better relieve traffic pressure, intelligent transportation has become the mainstream development direction and an important means of modern transportation, of which vehicle type recognition is the core component of intelligent transportation. Therefore, the research on vehicle identification is of great significance in both scientific research and real-life applications, and it is also a challenging task. Among the various detection and recognition methods, deep learning has been proved to be a more effective one, so this paper discusses the current research on deep learning and vehicle model recognition.
Analysis of the Research Status of Internal Combustion Engines
Authors: Ju Canze
Published: July 2023

Since the internal combustion engine came out in the 1960s, it has become a relatively perfect machine through continuous improvement and development. Internal combustion engine has many advantages, such as thermal efficiency, high power, wide speed range, convenient matching and good mobility, so it has been widely used. All kinds of automobiles and tractors, agricultural machinery, engineering machinery and small mobile power stations in the world are powered by internal combustion engines. Ships, conventional submarines and some small aircraft are also propelled by internal combustion engines. The number of internal combustion engines in the world ranks first in the power machinery and plays a very important role in human activities. In the aspect of human technology, any successful invention can not be achieved overnight. The development of the internal combustion engine is the same. The internal combustion engine has gone through many stages of development and has been improved one after another. This paper mainly introduces the historical development of heat engines, and the improvement and use of different types of heat engines in the development.
Classification of drugs for the treatment of circadian rhythm disorders
Authors: Tan Jiaqi
Published: July 2023

Survey studies found that more than 3% of adults have CRSD, and about 16% of teenagers may have CRSD. Although it may be self-limiting, others will cause burden consequences. Many existing papers on drug classification focus on the classification method, or discuss some drug characteristics, but because the target range of drugs is too large, there is no way to expand each drug mentioned, and make their characteristics more detailed and clear. With the development of sleep drug research, there are a lot of reviews on the regulation of circadian rhythm, especially on the circadian rhythm disturbance, but most of them are very detailed studies on a specific drug, such as melatonin or amphetamine. The drugs used to treat circadian disorders can be classed as sedative hypnotics, stimulant stimulants, chronotropic drugs, and gives a cursory mention of other drugs that do not fall into the first three categories. Among the sedatives and hypnotics, barbiturates, benzodiazepines and other drugs include tranquilizers or non-benzodiazepines. Amphetamine, Modafinil and caffeine were mentioned in the stimulant category. The third category of drugs that is mainly described is melatonin. This paper is based on the classification of drugs that regulate circadian rhythm disorders. For each category, at least several representative drugs are proposed and their characteristics are described. It contains basic information about the drug, its properties, mechanism of action, side effects and so on. In the description of drug characteristics, there are also some parts of this article that compare drug effects horizontally. The section on stimulant function discusses how long three different drugs can help to maintain a state of arousal, Differences in side effects were also compared.
Current status of cacanakinumab therapy for cardiovascular disease
Authors: Liu Ziming
Published: July 2023

Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is an important cause of death in the worldIn recent years, due to a large number of experimental results, people gradually abandon the previous view the CVD is caused by hyperlipidemia, and the CVD is caused by a chronic, low-intensity inflammatory response in blood vessels. in which inflammation is thought to be a key facilitator.However, there are limits to the study of drugs that use CVD for excessive inflammation.The Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS) trial, conducted in 2017, successfully demonstrated that inflammation plays an important role in atherosclerotic disease. Canakinumab is an antibody that can effectively inhibit the activation of IL-1 beta. The results of the Cantos trial ushered in a new era of new treatments aimed at treating cardiovascular diseases.Although the targeted anti-AS effect of CANTOS is prominent, its efficacy does not significantly improve the mortality and infection rate of patients with cardiovascular disease.To this end, we collected relevant data of Carnaro umab in recent years. This paper will focus on its clinical application and analyze its advantages and disadvantages, and give the possible improvement and development direction.
The applications, limitations, and future consideration of immune checkpoint inhibitors in glioblastoma
Authors: Dou Borou
Published: July 2023

Glioblastoma multiforme is a grade IV malignant tumor found in the brain, formed by mutated astrocytes. Patients with glioblastoma may experience headaches and nausea, and several different symptoms depending on where the tumor is located. Surgery is the primary treatment used for glioblastoma to remove the tumor, but the diffusive nature of this tumor makes it hard to completely remove. The survival years after treatments had not shown improvement with surgeries along with chemo and radiotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, a type of immunotherapy, were seen to provide a foreground to the development of an effective treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors block pathways that create suppression of T cells to restore their function and allow them to attack cancerous cells again, stimulating an immune response. Even though immune checkpoint inhibitors had shown effectiveness and success in preclinical trials and in treating other cancers, clinical trials using these drugs failed to show improved effectiveness and prognosis of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Some patients didn’t generate a response to the checkpoint inhibitors, while for others the effect of checkpoint inhibitors lasted relatively shortly. Though, several proposals for solutions to the limitations of checkpoint inhibitors were raised by scientists. Immune checkpoint inhibitor shows the potential of being a hope to enhance survival years and prognosis of this currently uncurable disease. The research targets at discussing the mechanisms of ipilimumab, nivolumab, and bevacizumab (types of immune checkpoint inhibitors) and their limitations to provide suggestions of different methods that could be applied to potentially solve the problem and enhance their effectiveness.
Progress of three kinds of treatment for asthma
Authors: Gao Pengbo , Zhou Chenyi
Published: July 2023

Asthma is chronic inflammatory airway disease and may be induced by both genetic factors and epigenetic factors. Asthma has no particularly typical symptoms，and these symptoms include cough, expectoration, suffocation, chest tightness and even breathing difficulties. Drugs for asthma treatment are divided into rescue treatment and maintenance treatment, rescue treatments are for people with mild symptoms of asthma which means the frequency of onset does not exceed two times a week while maintenance treatments with inhalable drugs that deal with inflammation are for all other patients that suffer severely and to increase control. As in recent years, the population with asthma has shown to be increasing worldwide over time, the importance and necessity of understanding the mechanism of asthma and its main treatment methods and principles are also increasing. This article mainly focused on three types of most commonly seen maintenance treatment for asthma, including glucocorticoid, theophylline and leukotriene receptor antagonist.
Mechanism and treatment of cell death in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhu Zhixuan
Published: July 2023

With 60 to 80% of cases, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary trigger of dementia around the globe. The prevalence of people aged 65-69 years increased from 1% to about 30% of people aged 85 years, resulting in more than 50 million affected individuals globally. The AD in the formation of amyloid, the tau protein distribution, the interaction between amyloid and tau protein, clinical symptoms, the genetic background and so on various aspects are heterogeneity exists. Therefore, there is no single pathological process or mechanism of action that can explain why people develop AD. The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is one of the largest global public health issues today. There have been many different therapy modalities investigated over time. But there is still no cure, and all that can be done for AD is to prevent and delay its progression. Current drug treatments are intended only to alleviate symptoms, not cure the root cause. Based on the universalization and decreasing age of AD, it is particularly significant to study the causes and pathogenesis of AD and how to prevent and treat it. This paper introduces the main stages of the process of AD, introduces two hypotheses -- tau hypothesis and amyloid interpretation，and the role of RNA splicing in this process is summarized. In addition, in order to provide more research ideas, the author describes the current treatment options for AD, from the risk factors that may cause AD to the latest specific treatments. The treatment approach suggests that both at-risk patients and those without underlying diseases make early lifestyle and dietary adjustments and gradually move towards a healthy lifestyle in order to reduce the incidence of Alzheimer's and the financial burden on families and society. This is in addition to early drug treatment to lessen the suffering and life experience of Alzheimer's patients.
Current clinical outcome of CD19/CD22 dual-targeting CAR T-cell therapy in refractory or relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Zhang Shuying
Published: July 2023

To enhance clinical outcomes for hematologic malignancies, dual-targeting CAR T-cell therapies were devised. This study seeks to generalize the safety and efficacy of CD19/CD22 dual-targeting CAR T-cell therapy for the treatment of refractory or relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in published clinical studies to cast lights on current advances and future challenges of this therapeutic. Manual searches were performed on PubMed and Science Direct to identify relevant articles for inclusion in the report. Forest plots were utilized to display data from individual studies as well as pooled estimates derived based on random effect model for complete remission rate, relapse rate, overall survival rate, and incidences of adverse events, and all data were presented along with their respective 95% confidence intervals. As per result, the pooled estimates for complete remission rate (CR), CR with negative minimal residual disease, relapse rate, overall survival rate (OS), incidences of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), severe CRS, neurotoxicity (NT) and severe NT are as follows: 89% (95% CI: 83.4%, 93.1%), 86.5% (95% CI: 83.4%, 93.1%), 43.3% (95% CI: 26.4%, 60.3%), at most 64.1% (95% CI: 50.7%, 75.3%) at 1 year, 80.4% (95% CI: 66.4%, 91.1%), 10.7% (95% CI: 0%, 30.3%), 9% (95% CI: 2.9%, 15%), 6.5% (95% CI: 0%, 25.5%), suggesting that CD19/CD22 dual-targeting CAR T-cell therapy has a great potential for treating patients with refractory or relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Trends for CRISPR and CAR-T in the future medical field
Authors: Li Zihao
Published: July 2023

CRISPR as a protein editor that identifies specific genes and then sending off transcriptions to later be used for the new strand of DNA that is altered so that the problems within the previous codes would be fixed. In addition, the other method, CAR-T, this is a newer method that edits cells directly and treats diseases such as cancer and tumors. Using human autologous, allogeneic, or heterogeneic (non-human) cells that have been altered in vitro and then injected (or implanted) back into the body is referred to as cell therapy. CAR-T cell therapy, one of them, is an adoptive cell immunotherapy that has emerged recently. It works primarily by combining the specificity of chimeric antigen receptor with the immune effect of T cells, and then killing malignant tumor cells through specific recognition. The technology is also being enhanced and expanded to other disease areas given its promise and benefits. There are many generations of this, and each has been improved. For now, the current technology still has posed limitations on CAR-T, but it is progressing at a steady pace. Therefore, there are positive futures for the technology of gene engineering. From the successful cases that has been proceeded, this also proved the development of this technology in the future. This review systematically summarizes CRISPR and CART, these are two ways that we use as cell and gene engineering.
Relationship between circadian disturbance and hypertension
Authors: Cai Yinuo
Published: July 2023

According to the largest survey of its kind to date, since 1990, the number of 30-to 79-year-olds with hypertension has increased rapidly from 650 million to 1.28 billion. Although this number is rising rapidly, no one knows what causes blood pressure to rise. The cause of hypertension is still unclear. The factors that contribute to elevated blood pressure are numerous and confusing. Studies have shown that abnormal biological rhythms can lead to hypertension. One of the key factors contributing to elevated blood pressure is an abnormal biorhythm. It has also been shown that abnormal biological rhythms can lead to hypertension. The nervous system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway and melatonin secretion from the pineal gland may all be affected by circadian rhythm problems, which in turn affects glucocorticoid-mediated hypertension, and thus the development and progression of hypertension. The current intervention of it mainly based on pharmacological therapy, supplemented by improvement of lifestyle habits. Several new strategies for the treatment of hypertension have emerged in recent years. For example, acupuncture needle treatment, melatonin promotion treatment, RDN treatment hair etc. This study will present these methods and experiments to draw conclusions.
Progress in Diseases Related to the Circadian Clock
Authors: Niu Xinrui
Published: July 2023

The intricate set of molecular and cellular activities known as the circadian clock controls a number of physiological processes. These processes are essential for maintaining homeostasis and coordinating biological rhythms with the environment. Recent research has shown that disruption of the circadian clock is related to various diseases, including metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological diseases. In particular, research related to metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, has gained significant attention due to the alarming increase in the number of individuals with diabetes worldwide. Since animal models have shown that an interruption of the circadian clock results in decreased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, it is imperative to comprehend the molecular mechanisms underlying the circadian rhythm's role in the metabolism of glucose. By highlighting the importance of the circadian clock in the start of cardiovascular illness, recent research have revealed the biological clock's connection to the regulation of cardiac activity. As a result of the disturbance of the circadian clock being linked to an increased risk of cancer and a poor prognosis in cancer patients, research on the circadian clock has also drawn attention in the context of cancer. A deeper understanding of the molecular processes underlying the circadian rhythm and its role in disease etiology may lead to new treatment strategies and interventions.
The Impact of Lifestyle Factors on Sleep Efficiency and Sleep Quality
Authors: Zhang Yilin
Published: July 2023

Although previous studies have shown that sleep quality may be related to life factors such as smoking and drinking in a specific potential environment, some evaluations of sleep quality are relatively subjective, and there are few studies on the influence of life factors on sleep efficiency. In this study, sleep quality was quantified by scoring multiple sleep-related variables, and stepwise regression was used to process the data of sleep quality score, sleep efficiency and life factors. Results showed that sleep efficiency was strongly correlated with exercise frequency, alcohol consumption, and smoking status, and sleep quality scores were strongly correlated with caffeine intake, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Many life factors that may be closely related to sleep have not been focused on their combined effects in previous studies. This study provides suggestions for improving sleep quality and sleep efficiency by changing living habits, and proposes some new perspectives for further research.
The Evolutionary Pathways of the Circadian Rhythms through Phylogenetical Analysis of Basal Circadian Genes
Authors: Wu Yiyang
Published: July 2023

Circadian rhythm is the endogenous clock in organisms that regulates the performance of various physiological and metabolic events in accordance with the periodic oscillating changes in the environment, especially the periodic light-dark cycle. The clock has endowed organisms with the ability in anticipating environmental changes allowing them to adjust their survival strategies accordingly, promoting their selective fitness. However, the evolutionary path and the emergence of such an intricate and vital system remain elusive. The article aims to analyse the molecular architecture and components of the circadian clock among three kingdoms of plants, animals, fungi, and their unicellular ancestors, revealing the possible emergence of the circadian clock from the primordial circadian rhythm of prokaryotes to complicated rhythms seen in multicellular organisms. In comparative genetic analyses of the circadian clocks, researchers have identified homologs in the circadian genes of multicellular organisms with their unicellular ancestors, indicating prior emergence of the circadian clock than multicellularity. In addition, comparative genetic studies among fungi, animal, and plant circadian clocks implied that the emergence of circadian rhythms across the kingdoms resulted from convergent evolution due to the significant selective advantages concomitant with the circadian clock. Furthermore, the article also reviewed methods of gene transferring laterally, including horizontal gene transfer and endosymbiotic gene transfer, which may explain the overall similarities in the transcription-translation feedback mechanism among the many circadian rhythms. However, while genetic transfer among distantly related organisms enhanced biodiversity and biological innovations in nature, whether the horizontal changes of genetic materials contribute to the similar feedback loop of the circadian clock still requires further research to determine.
Method for Detecting Subliminal Parkinsonian Deficits based on Automatically-analyzed Speech Features Data
Authors: Zhao Jinghan
Published: July 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD), one of the most prevalent and well-known neurodegenerative disorders, has raised great concern in society. For many years, sensory testing has been the only method used to assess speech deficits in neurodegenerative diseases like PD. Therefore, by mining an automatically-analyzed speech dataset, a model was developed and an attempt was made to separate PD patients and RBD patients from general population. The acoustic features involved in this study included timing, articulation, phonation, and respiration, which were collected and analyzed based on recordings of participants reading a passage. The model was able to identify the patient's speech deficits by recognizing variations between the samples. According to this study, patients with related neurodegenerative disorders could suffer from a certain pattern of speech abnormalities that enables them to behave differently from healthy controls. This approach is intended to provide researchers with thoughts for future research into speech deficits and possible treatments associated with neurodegenerative illnesses.