bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast online detection of outliers using least-trimmed squares regression with non-dominated sorting based initial subsets
Authors: Satman Mehmet Hakan
Published: April 2015

In this paper, a new algorithm is devised for calculating the Least Trimmed of Squares (LTS) estimator. The algorithm consists of two steps. In the first step, the non-dominated sorting algorithm is applied on the design matrix of regression data for selecting a clean subset of observations. In the second step, C-steps are iterated to adjust the LTS estimators. The algorithm is fast and precise for small sample sizes, however, the sorting algorithm is computationally inefficient in large datasets. A fast update mechanism can be used in online data with a linear increase in computation time. Some properties of the sorting algorithm are also investigated under some transformations. Results of applying the algorithm on some well-known datasets and Monte Carlo simulations show that the proposed algorithm is suitable to use in many cases when the computation time is the major objective and a moderate level of precision is enough.
Contribution of knowledge leader and communication toward employee productivity at west Java conference offic
Authors: Ferinia Rolyana
Published: April 2015

In any organization, knowledge leader and communication are subject which helps organizations reach productivity. The aim of the research is to study the contribution of knowledge leader and communication toward employee productivity at West Java Conference Office. To this end, this research used questionnaires distributed to 59 employees at West Java Conference Office. Data was calculated using Pearson Product Moment. All questionnaires are valid, and reliability using Cronbach's Alpha for knowledge leader was obtained at 0,846. Communication was obtained at 0,918 and productivity was obtained at 0,779. Research method using descriptive analytical survey with quantitative data. Data was analyzed using Multiple Regression Analysis using T-Test. The result of the research shows that there is a significant influence on the knowledge leader toward productivity with significance (sig.) 0000 at the table with the value of Î± 0:05 coefficients it means 0.000 <0.05. There is a significant influence on communication toward productivity with significance (sig.) 0.035 at the table with the value of Î± 0, 05 it means 0.035 < 0.05 and test of determination shows that the value of adjusted R Square is 0.873, it indicates that the Knowledge Leader and Communication 87% effect on the productivity, and the remain of 13% is influenced by other variables, which is not examined yet.
Pre-particle filtration and moisture control by efficient purging in various inlet and outlet of a 450 mm wafer front-opening unified pod
Authors: Chiu Bill , Hu Shih-Cheng , Shiue Angus , Shiue Yu-Yun , Huang Zhe-Yu
Published: April 2015

The trend toward narrower line width in semiconductor manufacturing has made contamination control more and more important. The presence of moisture in wafer containers, such as front opening unified pods (FOUP), can lead to the native oxide residues growth, metal corrosion, and thin film cracking on wafer surfaces. Accordingly, decreasing contamination methods and improving factory efficiency are continuously researched. Single or multi-layer particulate shields on top of wafers in FOUPs may be used to prevent pollutant accumulation. In addition, point-of-use (POU) filtration may also been used to control particle contamination in FOUPs during wafer transformation and storage. The demand for stricter filtration led to the usage of 0.10 and 0.20 µm membranes to control the contamination. However, with the introduction of finer membranes end users may have concerns about deleterious remainders on wafers from undergoing filtration. There are a total of 25 pieces of wafers in the FOUP and the arrangement is from the bottom (wafer No. 1) to the top (wafer No. 25) with arising manner. Purging FOUPs to expel moisture vapors with Clean Dry Air (CDA) is one of the most popular methods.There was no previous research for investigating the purge performance on new-generation 450mm FOUPs. This research aims to study main factors influencing the performance of the purge system on 450mm FOUPs, including moisture concentration, CDA flow rate, and filter pressure.
Using the interestingness measure lift to generate association rules
Authors: Hussein Nada , Alashqur Abdallah , Sowan Bilal
Published: April 2015

In this digital age, organizations have to deal with huge amounts of data, sometimes called Big Data. In recent years, the volume of data has increased substantially. Consequently, finding efficient and automated techniques for discovering useful patterns and relationships in the data becomes very important. In data mining, patterns and relationships can be represented in the form of association rules. Current techniques for discovering association rules rely on measures such as support for finding frequent patterns and confidence for finding association rules. A shortcoming of confidence is that it does not capture the correlation that exists between the left-hand side (LHS) and the right-hand side (RHS) of an association rule. On the other hand, the interestingness measure lift captures such as correlation in the sense that it tells us whether the LHS influences the RHS positively or negatively. Therefore, using Lift instead of confidence as a criteria for discovering association rules can be more effective. It also gives the user more choices in determining the kind of association rules to be discovered. This in turn helps to narrow down the search space and consequently, improves performance. In this paper, we describe a new approach for discovering association rules that is based on Lift and not based on confidence.
MaTGeC: hacia un marco de trabajo para la gestión cuantitativa de procesos de desarrollo de software en pequeñas organizaciones
Authors: Ardila Albarracín Carlos Alberto , Pino Correa Francisco José , Pardo Calvache César Jesús , Merchán Paredes Luis
Published: April 2015

Las organizaciones pequeñas desarrolladoras de software tienen dificultades para adoptar las prác­ticas sobre gestión cuantitativa de procesos ofre­cidas por modelos de referencia como CMMI-DEV o ISO/IEC 15504, debido a que les generan costosas inversiones a largo plazo. Sin embargo, en caso de que no incorporen al menos las prác­ticas esenciales, no podrán obtener procesos con menor variabilidad en su rendimiento y que pue­dan estar bajo control estadístico, lo que afecta de manera directa en el resultado de sus proyectos, ya que permitiría efectuar mejores estimaciones. En este artículo se presenta una propuesta gene­ral de un marco de trabajo para gestión cuanti­tativa de procesos para pequeñas organizaciones (MaTGeC) que ofrece una guía para monitorear y evaluar procesos específicos seleccionados por la organización. Posteriormente, se indican los com­ponentes que lo conforman, junto con las prácti­cas, actividades, roles y productos esenciales para que esta clase de organizaciones incorporen los fundamentos de gestión cuantitativa en sus tareas más críticas.
Viabilidad de uso del polvo de vidrio como fundente en la elaboración de baldosas de gres porcelánico
Authors: Delvasto Arjona Silvio , Guzmán Aponte Álvaro , Torres León John Alexander , Cedeño Venté Martha Lorena , Acosta Guarín David Felipe
Published: April 2015

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación sobre el uso del polvo de vidrio como remplazo del feldespato en la fabricación de gres porcelánico. Se prepararon mezclas en donde el polvo de vidrio sustituyó al feldespato en dos volúmenes distintos (25% y 50%). Especímenes de las pastas obtenidas fueron moldeados, secados y cocidos. Las propiedades físicas (densidad aparente, porosidad, absorción, entre otras) y mecánicas (resistencia a flexión) de los especímenes cocidos estándar (V0) se compararon con las de especímenes cocidos en donde el material fundente fue sustituido en la formulación por polvo de vidrio en porcentajes de 25% y 50% (V25 y V50). Se encontró que la adición de polvo de vidrio en las formulaciones ocasionaba disminución en la resistencia a la flexión e incremento en los valores de absorción de agua. Sin embargo, la acción fundente del polvo de vidrio disminuyó la temperatura de sinterización respecto a la mezcla estándar en 150 °C para remplazos de 50% y 25%, respectivamente. Mediante MEB se evidenció en la microestructura de las piezas cocidas (V0, V25 y V50) la presencia de cristales de mullita primaria, adyacentes a cristales de mullita secundaria (agujas elongadas).
Very special divisors on 4-gonal real algebraic curves
Authors: Monnier Jean-Philippe
Published: April 2015

Given a real curve, we study special linear systems called “very special” for which the dimension does not satisfy a Clifford type inequality.We classify all these very special linear systems when the gonality of the curve is small.
The ABC exporter MsbA probed by solid state NMR – challenges and opportunities
Authors: Kaur Hundeep , Lakatos Andrea , Spadaccini Roberta , Vogel Ramona , Hoffmann Christian , Becker-Baldus Johanna , Ouari Olivier , Tordo Paul , Mchaourab Hassane , Glaubitz Clemens
Published: April 2015

ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters form a superfamily of integral membrane proteins involved in translocation of substrates across the membrane driven by ATP hydrolysis. Despite available crystal structures and extensive biochemical data, many open questions regarding their transport mechanisms remain. Therefore, there is a need to explore spectroscopic techniques such as solid state NMR in order to bridge the gap between structural and mechanistic data. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using Escherichia coli MsbA as a model ABC transporter for solid state NMR studies. We show that optimised solubilisation and reconstitution procedures enable preparing stable and homogenous protein samples. Depending on the duration of solubilisation, MsbA can be obtained in either an apo- or in a native lipid A bound form. Building onto these optimisations, the first promising MAS-NMR spectra with narrow lines have been recorded. However, further sensitivity improvements are required so that complex NMR experiments can be recorded within a reasonable amount of time. We therefore demonstrate the usability of paramagnetic doping for rapid data acquisition and explore dynamic nuclear polarisation as a method for general signal enhancement. Our results demonstrate that solid state NMR provides an opportunity to address important biological questions related to complex mechanisms of ABC transporters.
An Effective Approach Based on Response Surface Methodology for Predicting Friction Welding Parameters
Authors: Celik Sare , Deniz Karaoglan Aslan , Ersozlu Ismail
Published: April 2015

The joining of dissimilar metals is one of the most essential necessities of industries. Manufacturing by the joint of alloy steel and normal carbon steel is used in production, because it decreases raw material cost. The friction welding process parameters such as friction pressure, friction time, upset pressure, upset time and rotating speed play the major roles in determining the strength and microstructure of the joints. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM), which is a well-known design of experiments approach, is used for modeling the mathematical relation between the responses (tensile strength and maximum temperature), and the friction welding parameters with minimum number of experiments. The results show that RSM is an effective method for this type of problems for developing models and prediction.
Evaluation of High Temperature Properties and Microstructural Characterization of Resistance Spot Welded Steel Lap Shear Joints
Authors: Gupta R. K. , Anil Kumar V. , Panicker Paul G.
Published: April 2015

Joining of thin sheets (0.5 mm) of stainless steel 304 and 17-4PH through resistance spot welding is highly challenging especially when joint is used for high temperature applications. Various combinations of stainless steel sheets of thickness 0.5 mm are spot welded and tested at room temperature as well as at high temperatures (800 K, 1,000 K, 1,200 K). Parent metal as well as spot welded joints are tested and characterized. It is observed that joint strength of 17-4PH steel is highest and then dissimilar steel joint of 17-4PH with SS-304 is moderate and of SS-304 is lowest at all the temperatures. Joint strength of 17-4PH steel is found to be >80% of parent metal properties up to 1,000 K then drastic reduction in strength is noted at 1,200 K. Gradual reduction in strength of SS-304 joint with increase in temperature from 800 to 1,200 K is noted. At 1,200 K, joint strength of all combinations of joints is found to be nearly same. Microstructural evaluation of weld nugget after testing at different temperatures shows presence of tempered martensite in 17-4PH containing welds and homogenized structure in stainless steel 304 weld.
Do Moral Duties Arise from Global Trade?
Authors: Walton Andrew
Published: April 2015

This paper discusses the idea that trade – the practice of regularised exchange of goods or services between nation-states for mutual advantage under an orchestrated system of rules – can generate moral duties, duties that exist between only participants in the activity. It considers this idea across three duties often cited as duties of trade: duties not to harm; duties to provide certain basic goods; and duties to distribute (certain) benefits and burdens fairly. The paper argues that these three duties seem unlikely contenders for duties thought in some sense to supervene on trade, the former two because they seem to exist regardless of the existence of trade and the latter because it seems to apply to a group more widely conceived than to be coherently thought centred on trade. It concludes that, at least across these three duties, it is more plausible to think that they are duties which, although possibly having relevance for how trade is conducted, do not emerge from the practice and are, rather, grounded elsewhere.
On the solution of fuzzy differential equations by Fuzzy Sumudu Transform
Authors: Khan Najeeb Alam , Razzaq Oyoon Abdul , Ayyaz Muhammad
Published: April 2015

In this paper, Sumudu transform is advanced and designed for the solution of linear differential models with uncertainty. For this purpose, Sumudu transform is coupled with fuzzy theory and all its fundamental properties are formalized in fuzzy sense. At last, to demonstrate the accuracy of this approach, fuzzy Sumudu transform is employed to some examples of fuzzy linear differential equations considered under generalized H-differentiability and analytical solutions are obtained efficiently.
Variational assimilation of observation data in the mathematical model of the Black Sea taking into account the tide-generating forces
Authors: Agoshkov Valeriy I. , Assovskii Maksim V. , Zalesny Vladimir B. , Zakharova Natalia B. , Parmuzin Eugene I. , Shutyaev Victor P.
Published: April 2015

A mathematical model of the dynamics of the Black and the Azov Seas is considered taking into account tide-generating forces. The problem of variational assimilation of sea surface temperature (SST) data is formulated and studied. Based on variational assimilation of satellite altimetry data, we propose an algorithm for solving the inverse problem of reconstruction of potential forces affecting the formation of the mean level and present a method of approximate solution of this problem.We also present numerical experiments concerning the study of the influence of tide-generating forces on the dynamics of the Black Sea and restoration of the heat flux function in the problem of variational data assimilation of SST observations
Reckoning: Assessment of a 21-year activity in spine surgery
Authors: Illés S. Tamás
Published: April 2015

Introduction: Of the world-wide used Cotrel–Dubousset instrumentation and surgical technique providing breakthrough for the three-dimensional correction and multi-segmental fixation of spinal deformity surgery in Hungary is linked to the author’s name, who carried out 1655 spine deformity surgeries in the last 21 years. Aim: The aim of the author was to discuss his own results in the field of spine surgery and compare his own data to those published in the international literature. Method: At the beginning hooks, followed by hybrid instrumentation with hooks in thoracic area and transpedicular screws in lumbar spine have been used for the segmental fixation. During the correction process, initially the classic derotation maneuver was used, followed by the translation and then the in situ bending techniques and, finally, a combination of the above three techniques have been applied. Results: In addition to the restoration of normal sagittal balance, an average of 40.8° (SD, 25.9), a 65.5% correction was achieved in the frontal plane, which partly exceeds and partly consistent with the published international results. The incidence of inflammation (3.9%), and mechanical complications (1.7%) was similar to the international average, while the incidence of neurological complications (0.48%) was slightly lower than the average of international data. Conclusions: The author believes that the better correction results as compared to the international average could be due to the always consistent application of the Cotrel–Dubousset instrumentation correction philosophy based on the meticulous segmental analysis of spine deformities. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(15), 598–607.
A REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE NATAL-RN: UM PROCESSO AINDA EM CURSO
Authors: Vasconcelos Filho J. M. , Nascimento Gerson Gomes do
Published: April 2015

A institucionalização das Regiões Metropolitanas (RMs) brasileiras obedeceu a duas fases. A primeira, nos anos de 1970, como parte da política de desenvolvimento urbano, relacionada à expansão da produção industrial e à consolidação das metrópoles como lócus desse processo. Reguladas por legislação federal, foram criadas, a princípio, nove RMs. A segunda teve início com a Constituição Federal de 1988, que facultou aos estados federados a competência de institucionalização de suas unidades regionais. Nesse sentido, chegava ao fim um modelo que criou regiões sobre as quais os estados federados não tinham autonomia e se abria a possibilidade de inserção de RMs em processos estaduais de planejamento regional. Na atualidade, observamos que grande parte dessas áreas metropolitanas no Brasil não tem um perfil bem definido, nem caracterização própria e, muito menos, identidade metropolitana. Desse modo, vazios urbanos consideráveis são identificados entre municípios de RMs bem como ausência de problemas comuns, gerando sérios problemas socioespaciais nessas áreas. No caso da RMN (Região Metropolitana de Natal), observamos que esta a cada dia está se consolidando enquanto processo em curso, guardando algumas especificidades nesse processo recente de formação.
MOBILIDADE URBANA: UMA ANÁLISE DA ACESSIBILIDADE NO BAIRRO DE NOVA BETÂNIA EM MOSSORÓ-RN
Authors: Liberalino C. , Nascimento Gerson Gomes do
Published: April 2015

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a acessibilidade no bairro de Nova Betânia, que integra o município de Mossoró-RN, por ser esta uma localidade que está imersa em um processo recente, porém contínuo, de transformação e que, em decorrência deste fato, tem apresentado grande demanda de deslocamentos. Sendo assim, para a melhor percepção da temática, trouxemos no primeiro capítulo um referencial teórico que versa sobre dois importantes conceitos: Mobilidade Urbana e Espaço Urbano. No segundo capítulo foi feita uma contextualização histórica da cidade, através do fornecimento de informações imprescindíveis para o entendimento da atual dinâmica de organização espacial. Além disso, foi apresentado um panorama da situação dos transportes na cidade como um todo e mais detalhadamente no recorte urbano foco do trabalho. Foi observado que a quantidade de veículos de transporte coletivo que atende a cidade é insuficiente diante do quantitativo populacional, existe má distribuição de itinerários que resulta em várias linhas atendendo uma pequena área enquanto grande parte é desassistida, além de outros problemas como a falta de rigor no cumprimento de itinerários e o estado de conservação da frota, pontos de parada, dentre outros. Enquanto procedimento metodológico, recorremos à bibliografia relacionada à temática abordada bem como a um trabalho de campo na qual foram realizadas entrevistas formais e informais, consulta a órgãos públicos e privados e visitas in loco na área objeto de estudo.  Através dessa análise, concluímos ser de baixa qualidade o serviço de transporte prestado à população, culminando na insatisfação coletiva. Identificou-se a necessidade de uma melhor gestão por parte das autoridades competentes levando em consideração a distribuição da população no espaço, bem como as principais demandas nos deslocamentos.
REESTRUTURAÇÃO URBANA NO BAIRRO DAS QUINTAS, NATAL-RN: A PERDA DO LUGAR
Authors: Arruda E. V. C. , Galvão Maria Luiza Medeiros
Published: April 2015

Partindo dos impactos produzidos pelas prováveis desapropriações dos moradores do entorno do viaduto da Urbana no bairro das Quintas - Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, o presente estudo pretende averiguar os possíveis efeitos socioespaciais ocasionados por essa obra de reestruturação urbana, que se dará em virtude da escolha de Natal como sede dos jogos da Copa do Mundo FIFA 2014. Para isso utilizou-se como recurso metodológico uma pesquisa bibliográfica que abarcou discussões sobre os conceitos de lugar, identidade e urbanismo. Como fomentadores desse arcabouço destacam-se autores como Carlos (2007), Tuan (1980) e Lefebvre (1991). Além disso, uma pesquisa documental foi realizada para consolidar informações acerca das desapropriações que seriam produzidas por meio da efetivação do projeto de mobilidade urbana. Nessa perspectiva, a fim de analisar os possíveis impactos quanto à perda do lugar e identidade dos moradores foi aplicada entrevistas abertas que retrataram a experiência e expectativa da população local sobre o projeto. Por fim, destaca-se a análise dos impactos, assim como, sua discussão.
THE URBAN ISSUE IN BRAZIL: A LOOK AT THE URBAN VIOLENCE IN NATIONAL CITIES
Authors: Alexandre Malco Jeiel de Oliveira , Nascimento Gerson Gomes do
Published: April 2015

The urban space, especially in the metropolitan urban area peripheral countries such as Brazil has undergone many transformations over time. These changes are felt mainly in its space sociopolitical structure, which in turn shows the spatiality of our metropolises, with an emphasis on Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo for being the two largest Brazilian metroplises, however, and concentrators are witnesses of worsening urban problem that is increasing every day in the country. In this sense, we have to consider some aspects, throughout the history of the country, and contributed to , somehow , today, still contribute to the worsening of problems related to the increase in urban violence, especially in outlying areas such as slums, the poorest areas in these cities . We conclude that a fair and guarantor of a good quality of life depends urban space of a just society, but the reverse is also true. Overcome the problems associated with urban question emerges not only eliminate social relations that generated, but also overcome the spatiality that induces the reproduction of these relations at all scales, mainly local. These transformations require, in fact, a confrontation of the capitalist civilization model itself without which we cannot aspire to a more equitable social development in these large cities.
GEOPROCESSAMENTO APLICADO A GESTÃO TERRITORIAL URBANA DE PEDRO VELHO/RN
Authors: Correia Laís Ariane M. Barbosa , Galvão Maria Luiza Medeiros , Araújo André Luis Calado
Published: April 2015

Consta no trabalho breve discussão acerca do uso do geoprocessamento aplicado à gestão do território, particularizado como estudo de caso a Lagoa de Estabilização localizada na cidade de Pedro Velho (Rio Grande do Norte/ Brasil). Apresenta uma síntese dos resultados, quanto à condição da lagoa da cidade, identificados pelo projeto “O uso de geoprocessamento aplicado à gestão de lagoas de estabilização no Rio Grande do Norte (Brasil)” no ano de 2010. Tais resultados indicam contradição técnica, quanto à eficiência do sistema de tratamento de esgoto, uma vez que ao diferenciar as amostras que atestam a adequabilidade da água em bruta e filtrada, verifica-se que estão em desacordo o que estabelece a resolução do Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente (CONAMA), para operação das lagoas. A discussão apresentada está embasada nos conceitos de Geoprocessamento - Silva (2007), Camargo (1997), Polidoro & Barros (2010), Fitz (2008); Planejamento e Gestão Territorial - Clementino (2008), Carlos (2007); e Território - Santos (1994); contemplando ainda breves considerações acerca das Lagoas de Estabilização em Andrade (2006) e Araújo (et al, 2011).
ÍNDICES DE QUALIDADE DE VIDA URBANA DE NATAL-RN
Authors: Araújo Maria Cristina Cavalcanti , Cândido Gesinaldo Ataíde
Published: April 2015

A (in)sustentabilidade nas cidades, ocasionada pela urbanização, compromete a qualidade de vida urbana, evidenciada pela distribuição e o acesso desigual aos bens e serviços de infraestrutura urbana. Este artigo apresenta discussões sobre a temática da sustentabilidade urbana ao estabelecer o Índice de Qualidade de Vida urbana de Natal-RN. A pesquisa se baseou em estudos bibliográficos e documentais. A avaliação dos níveis de qualidade de vida urbana de Natal ocorreu por meio da definição de variáveis e indicadores, subsidiados por dados secundários, os quais foram transformados em índices e organizados em níveis de qualidade. Organizou-se o ranking dos bairros, por meio da mensuração da oferta de serviços e recursos urbanos, estabelecendo-se o nível de qualidade de vida urbana de Natal, com vistas à sustentabilidade da cidade. Conclui-se que, nas áreas onde ocorreu a recente expansão urbana de Natal, encontram-se os piores Índices de Qualidade de Vida Urbana-IQVU.
The choice of the conditions to receive the electrolytic zinc powders for metal-rich compositions
Authors: Patrushev A. V. , Ostanina T. N. , Rudoy V. M. , Vereshchagina A. V. , Zalesova O. L. , Soloviev A. S. , Shtirba N. I.
Published: April 2015

In the work a method of obtaining highly dispersed zinc powders by electrolysis and comparison of the properties of zinc-rich compositions prepared using as a pigment zinc powders obtained by different methods is provided. Conducted measurements have shown that the electrical conductivity of zinc-rich coatings comprising electrolytic zinc powder does not inferior to the conductivity of the film with PZHD-0 powder obtained by the  evaporation-condensation method, despite the significant difference in the amount of zinc pigment. On the basis of the received data one can conclude that the use of electrolytic zinc powder as a pigment will significantly save zinc.
Information support learning and development of motor abilities of children and adolescents (for example, gymnastics)
Authors: Худолій О. М. , Іващенко О. В.
Published: April 2015

Analysis of the literature showed that the problem of introducing automation technologies of information processing and the creation of a database on the physical condition of children and adolescents is important. The purpose of research — to develop an application to inform the process of learning motor actions and the development of motor abilities of children and adolescents.Research methods. To achieve the objectives have been used in the analysis of literature as a philosophical and scientific methods of research, such as: the dialectical method (the systems principle, the principle of causality); systematic approach; modeling; synthesis, analysis, synthesis; pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical planning of the experiment; testing.The results of the study. The results show that the proposed Plan matrix factorial experiment the chosen step of varying factors is sufficient to study the effects of different modes of physical exercises to develop strength and efficiency of the education of children and adolescents.The new algorithm is information support for teaching motor actions of children and adolescents, which is different from conventional approaches. In contrast to the application of comprehensive monitoring of the physical condition of pupils of 1—11 classes, an algorithm based on a computer simulation of the process of learning and development of motor abilities in children and adolescents.Conclusions. An algorithm for calculating regulatory load for young gymnasts 7—13 years. Based on an algorithm created a pilot program complex information support for teaching motor actions and the development of motor abilities in children and adolescents.
Information and energy aspects of analysis of complex coordination movements in archery
Authors: Лопатьєв А. О. , Власов А. П. , Трач В. М.
Published: April 2015

We consider complex coordination movements of archers as  systems undergoing energy and information exchange processes. Connection between system entropy change and information input is employed during analysis. Examples are provided of cases when system entropy decreases with increase of information input.
The content of the course «Organization and methods of improving physical culture» in the process of preparation of the teacher of Physical Education
Authors: Марченко C. І.
Published: April 2015

The aim — to develop a curriculum «Organization and Methods of Physical Culture» for the educational qualification of 6.01020101 — Bachelor. Research methods — the study of literature and software and regulations, theoretical analysis and synthesis of published data, systematic approach.The main results of the study. The concept of the course «Organization and Methods of Physical Culture» is the presentation of the material system that allows students to create knowledge, skills and practical skills required physical training teachers to organize and conduct various forms of fitness classes.
Informative performance motor and functional training 6-7 grade girls
Authors: Веремеєнко В. Ю.
Published: April 2015

Due to the significant deterioration of motor readiness piddlitkiv children and one of the main issues is the optimization of physical education physical education that requires informative indicators of control.The aim - to identify informative performance motor and functional training girls 6-7 grades.To solve the tasks we used the following methods: theoretical analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature; teacher testing; methods of mathematical statistics.Results. Analysis of test results showed that the tests «to evaluate the perception of power parameters movements hands» (Test 6) and «long jump from place» (test 11) 7th grade girls show statistically significantly better than girls 6th class (p <0,05 ). And for the other results trend towards improved performance, but the difference in test results are not statistically significant.Conclusions. Informative indicator of motor readiness girls grades 6-7 are «Assessing the perception of power parameters movements hands» and «Jump into dovzhynu the place.»Ghencea test is the most informative and can be recommended to assess functional training class 6 girls. Serkina test may be recommended to evaluate the functional status of girls 7th grade.
Use of body-ballet in high school physical education
Authors: Кравчук Т. М. , Курочка О. С.
Published: April 2015

Objective: to develop a method of physical education high school age girls body mass Ballet and verify its effectiveness.Methods. To solve the problems raised in the paper, we used the following methods: study and analysis of educational, scientific and methodological literature; interviews with experts and questionnaires; pedagogical supervision; teacher testing; methods of mathematical statistics. The experiment was conducted at the high school school № 167 m. Kharkiv and lasted from September 2012 to April 2013. As researched by a pupil of high school of 15 people - and 15 control group - experimental group. Investigated the control group attended lessons of physical training conducted by the curriculum of secondary schools. For the studied experimental group were held for three months training with body-ballet.Conclusions. The method of physical education high school age girls body mass ballet synthesizes the elements of classical dance, aerobics health yoga, and Pilates and other than sports and recreation values brings also artistic and aesthetic, which contributes to their dance, musicality, expression and creativity activity of the individual.Organizing and conducting exercises with elements of ballet body in high school and increase the level of flexibility, strength, agility and endurance high school, which was experimentally proven in the course of our study.
The characteristic of factorial structure of the general(common) physical readiness of girls of 11-15 years
Authors: Козіна Ж. Л. , Попова Н.
Published: April 2015

In work are submitted results of pedagogical testing of girls of 11-15 years under the state tests of Ukraine. The factorial analysis of parameters of testing for each age group was carried out(spent). It was revealed, that structure of physical readiness of girls of 11-15 years different for each age group. It is necessary for taking into account at construction of lessons of physical culture and training employment(occupations) on any kinds of sports.Key words: physical readiness, factorial structure.
Childbirth Education Prior to Pregnancy? Survey Findings of Childbirth Preferences and Attitudes Among Young Women
Authors: Edmonds Joyce K. , Cwiertniewicz Taylor , Stoll Kathrin
Published: April 2015

The childbirth preferences and attitudes of young women prior to pregnancy (N = 758) were explored in a cross-sectional survey. Sources of influential childbirth information and self-reported childbirth learning needs were described. Young women’s attitudes about childbirth, including the degree of confidence in coping with a vaginal birth, whether birth is considered a natural event, and expectations of labor pain were associated with their mode of birth preference. Conversations with friends and family were the most influential source of childbirth information. Gaps in knowledge about pregnancy and birth were identified. An improved understanding of women’s preferences and attitudinal profiles can inform the structure and content of educational strategies that aim to help the next generation of maternity care consumers participate in informed decision making.
An Integrative Review of Factors Influencing Breastfeeding in Adolescent Mothers
Authors: Kanhadilok Supannee , McGrath Jacqueline M.
Published: April 2015

The purpose of this integrative review was to describe factors that influence breastfeeding behaviors in adolescent mothers. Twenty-two articles met inclusion criteria. Findings showed that most adolescent mothers intended to breastfeed during pregnancy. Yet, breastfeeding initiation ranged from 39% to 69%. Almost half of adolescent mothers stopped within 1 month. Less than 25% continued to breastfeeding behaviors to 6 months. Factors that influenced breastfeeding decisions in adolescent mothers included social and cultural norms. Personal beliefs about being a good mother were important to intention and initiation of breastfeeding. Promoting maternal competence was found to be essential to breastfeeding initiation and continuation for adolescent mothers. Support from partners and professionals also led to positive attitudes toward breastfeeding initiation and continuation.
Orthodontic treatment of a particular subgroup of children with special health care needs, children with craniofacial anomalies: An analysis of treatment length and clinical outcome
Authors: Taddei Marco , D'Alessandro Giovanni , Amunni Franco , Piana Gabriela
Published: April 2015

Objective: 

To analyze any differences in the orthodontic treatment between children belonging to a particular subgroup of subjects with special health care needs (SHCN), children with craniofacial anomalies (CFA), and children not diagnosed with SHCN (NO SHCN).

Materials and Methods: 

The study sample consisted of 50 children with SHCN and a confirmed diagnosis of CFA (SHCN/CFA); the control group consisted of 50 NO SHCN children fully matched for age, gender, and type of appliance used. The differences between the two groups were analyzed retrospectively: pre-, posttreatment scores, and score reduction of the Peer Assessment Rating Index (PAR), dental health component (DHC), and aesthetic component (AC) of Orthodontic Treatment Need Index (IOTN), number of appointments, number of simple or complex chair-time appointments, overall treatment time, and age at treatment start and end.

Results: 

There were no statistically significant differences between the SHCN/CFA and NO SHCN groups for number of appointments, overall treatment time, age at treatment start, and age at treatment end (P  =  .682, .458, .535, and .675, respectively). There were statistically significant differences between groups in PAR, DHC, AC pre- and posttreatment, and number of simple and complex chair-time appointments (P  =  .030 and .000; .020 and .023; .000 and .000; .043; and .037; respectively). The reduction of PAR, DHC, and AC scores was not significantly different between groups (P  =  .060, .765, and .825, respectively).

Conclusion: 

The treatment of children with SHCN, in general, and with CFA, in particular, on the one hand involves a higher rate of using complex chair time appointments and an inferior treatment outcome, by the other side implies an overall treatment time and a reduction of PAR, DHC or AC scores similar to the treatment of children not diagnosed with SHCN.
Alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptor Agonists: A Review of Current Clinical Applications
Authors: Giovannitti Joseph A. , Thoms Sean M. , Crawford James J.
Published: April 2015

The α-2 adrenergic receptor agonists have been used for decades to treat common medical conditions such as hypertension; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; various pain and panic disorders; symptoms of opioid, benzodiazepine, and alcohol withdrawal; and cigarette craving.1 However, in more recent years, these drugs have been used as adjuncts for sedation and to reduce anesthetic requirements. This review will provide an historical perspective of this drug class, an understanding of pharmacological mechanisms, and an insight into current applications in clinical anesthesiology.
Determination of Flavonoid and Polyphenol Compounds in Viscum Album and Allium Sativum Extracts
Authors: Trifunschi Svetlana , Munteanu Melania Florina , Agotici Vlad , Pintea Simona , Gligor Ramona
Published: April 2015

Ethnopharmacology is a new interdisciplinary science that appeared in Europe of the 90, in France, as a necessity claimed by the return to the traditional remedies of each nation. The aim of this study is to identify and quantify the active ingredients of the species Viscum album and Allium sativum, in order to provide a complex chemical characterisation, which is necessary for the use of these plants extracts as natural ingredients in the pharmaceutical industry. The following methods were used: (1) the plant material was harvested from the west-side of Romania (Europe) in July 2014; (2) it was dried quickly and the main active principles were extracted using ethylic alcohol solution (50%); (3) the quantitative analyses of the flavonoids and polyphenols were performed according to a procedure described in the Romanian Pharmacopoeia. FT-IR results showed that the Viscum album extract had the highest content of polyphenolic compounds, for both flavonoids and polyphenols. This is the reason why it can be concluded that alcoholic extracts of mistletoe must be used as supplements for diabetics who require diets with flavonoids or for patients with cancers, degenerative diseases, and particularly cardiovascular diseases, who need an increased amount of polyphenols.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v4i5.22861 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, April 2015, 4(5): 382-385
Precipitation Sensitivity to the Mean Radius of Drop Spectra: Comparison of Single- and Double-Moment Bulk Microphysical Schemes
Authors: Kovačević Nemanja , Ćurić Mladjen
Published: April 2015

In this study, two bulk microphysical schemes were compared across mean radius values of the entire drop spectra. A cloud-resolving mesoscale model was used to analyze surface precipitation characteristics. The model included the following microphysical categories: water vapour, cloud droplets, raindrops, ice crystals, snow, graupel, frozen raindrops and hail. Two bulk schemes were used: a single-moment scheme in which the mean radius was specified as a parameter and a double-moment scheme in which the mean radius of drops was calculated diagnostically with a fixed value for the cloud droplet number concentration. Experiments were conducted out for three values of the mean radius (in the single-moment scheme) and two cloud droplet number concentrations (in the double-moment scheme). There were large differences in the surface precipitation for the two schemes, the simulated precipitation generated by the double-moment scheme had a higher sensitivity. The single-moment scheme generated an unrealistic collection rate of cloud droplets by raindrops and hail as well as unrealistic evaporation of rain and melting of solid hydrometeors; these processes led to inaccurate timing and amounts of surface precipitation.
The Scanning TMR Microscope for Biosensor Applications
Authors: Vyas Kunal , Love David , Ionescu Adrian , Llandro Justin , Kollu Pratap , Mitrelias Thanos , Holmes Stuart , Barnes Crispin
Published: April 2015

We present a novel tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) scanning microscopeset-up capable of quantitatively imaging the magnetic stray field patterns of micron-sizedelements in 3D. By incorporating an Anderson loop measurement circuit for impedancematching, we are able to detect magnetoresistance changes of as little as 0.006%/Oe. By 3Drastering a mounted TMR sensor over our magnetic barcodes, we are able to characterisethe complex domain structures by displaying the real component, the amplitude and thephase of the sensor’s impedance. The modular design, incorporating a TMR sensor withan optical microscope, renders this set-up a versatile platform for studying and imagingimmobilised magnetic carriers and barcodes currently employed in biosensor platforms,magnetotactic bacteria and other complex magnetic domain structures of micron-sizedentities. The quantitative nature of the instrument and its ability to produce vector maps ofmagnetic stray fields has the potential to provide significant advantages over other commonlyused scanning magnetometry techniques.
Return and Volatility Spillovers across Equity Markets in Mainland China, Hong Kong and the United States
Authors: Mohammadi Hassan , Tan Yuting
Published: April 2015

Examinations of the dynamics of daily returns and volatility in stock markets of the U.S., Hong Kong and mainland China (Shanghai and Shenzhen) over 2 January 2001 to 8 February 2013 suggest: (1) evidence of unidirectional return spillovers from the U.S. to the other three markets; but no spillover between Hong Kong and either of the two mainland China markets; (2) evidence of unidirectional ARCH and GARCH effects from the U.S. to the other three markets; (3) correlations of returns vary across markets, with the highest correlation of 93.5% between the two Chinese markets, medium correlation of 30% between mainland China and Hong Kong markets and low correlations of 6.4% and 7.2% between the U.S. and China’s two markets; thus, international investors may benefit by allocating their assets in China’s markets; (4) the patterns of dynamic conditional correlations from the DCC model suggest an increase in correlation between China and other stock markets since the most recent financial crisis of 2007.
A New European Slope Length and Steepness Factor (LS-Factor) for Modeling Soil Erosion by Water
Authors: Panagos Panos , Borrelli Pasquale , Meusburger Katrin
Published: April 2015

The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model is the most frequently used model for soil erosion risk estimation. Among the six input layers, the combined slope length and slope angle (LS-factor) has the greatest influence on soil loss at the European scale. The S-factor measures the effect of slope steepness, and the L-factor defines the impact of slope length. The combined LS-factor describes the effect of topography on soil erosion. The European Soil Data Centre (ESDAC) developed a new pan-European high-resolution soil erosion assessment to achieve a better understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns of soil erosion in Europe. The LS-calculation was performed using the original equation proposed by Desmet and Govers (1996) and implemented using the System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses (SAGA), which incorporates a multiple flow algorithm and contributes to a precise estimation of flow accumulation. The LS-factor dataset was calculated using a high-resolution (25 m) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the whole European Union, resulting in an improved delineation of areas at risk of soil erosion as compared to lower-resolution datasets. This combined approach of using GIS software tools with high-resolution DEMs has been successfully applied in regional assessments in the past, and is now being applied for first time at the European scale.
High Resolution Spatial and Temporal Mapping of Traffic-Related Air Pollutants
Authors: Batterman Stuart , Ganguly Rajiv , Harbin Paul
Published: April 2015

Vehicle traffic is one of the most significant emission sources of air pollutants in urban areas. While the influence of mobile source emissions is felt throughout an urban area, concentrations from mobile emissions can be highest near major roadways. At present, information regarding the spatial and temporal patterns and the share of pollution attributable to traffic-related air pollutants is limited, in part due to concentrations that fall sharply with distance from roadways, as well as the few monitoring sites available in cities. This study uses a newly developed dispersion model (RLINE) and a spatially and temporally resolved emissions inventory to predict hourly PM2.5 and NOx concentrations across Detroit (MI, USA) at very high spatial resolution. Results for annual averages and high pollution days show contrasting patterns, the need for spatially resolved analyses, and the limitations of surrogate metrics like proximity or distance to roads. Data requirements, computational and modeling issues are discussed. High resolution pollutant data enable the identification of pollutant “hotspots”, “project-level” analyses of transportation options, development of exposure measures for epidemiology studies, delineation of vulnerable and susceptible populations, policy analyses examining risks and benefits of mitigation options, and the development of sustainability indicators integrating environmental, social, economic and health information.
Comprehensive Design and Propagation Study of a Compact Dual Band Antenna for Healthcare Applications
Authors: Khan Mohammad , Abbasi Qammer , Ashique Ratil
Published: April 2015

In this paper, a dual band planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) has been investigated for cooperative on- and off-body communications. Free space and on-body performance parameters like return loss, bandwidth, radiation pattern and efficiency of this antenna are shown and investigated. The on- and off-body radio propagation channel performance at 2.45 GHz and 1.9 GHz have been investigated, respectively. Experimental investigations are performed both in the anechoic chamber and in an indoor environment. The path loss exponent has been extracted for both on- and off-body radio propagation scenarios. For on-body propagation, the path loss exponent is 2.48 and 2.22 in the anechoic chamber and indoor environment, respectively. The path loss exponent is 1.27 for off-body radio propagation situation. For on-body case, the path loss has been characterized for ten different locations on the body at 2.45 GHz, whereas for off-body case radio channel studies are performed for five different locations at 1.9 GHz. The proposed antenna shows a good on- and off-body radio channel performance.