bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Transformational Leadership on Teaching Performance in a Peruvian Educational Institution
Authors: León Pretel Rossmery , Gallardo Sáenz Yolanda Carolina
Published: May 2024

The objective of this research was to determine the transformational influence on teacher performance in I.E. Mariano Santos Mateo de Trujillo – 2023. A causal correlational descriptive design was carried out; sample: 55 participants, 71% women and 29% men. Study variables: Transformational Leadership (TL) and dimensions: idealized influence, inspiring motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration; Teacher Performance (DD) and dimensions: preparation for student learning, teaching for student learning, participation in school management articulated with the community, development of professionalism and teacher identity. Two Likert questionnaires were applied for each variable. It is verified with the Nagelkerke coefficient that LT influences 44.8% of the variation in DD. Teachers with medium transformational style, 75% regular performance and teachers who evidence high transformational style, 85.1% excellent performance. It is concluded: transformational leadership has a significant influence; on Student Learning Readiness chi square value 19.146 (sig <0.05); on Teaching for student learning with a chi square value of 19.319 (sig <0.05) and on School management participation linked to the community with a chi square value of 31.622 (sig <0.05).
Variability of haptoglobin beta-chain proteoforms
Authors: Ronzhina N.L. , Zorina E.S. , Zavialova M.G. , Legina O.K. , Naryzhny S.N.
Published: May 2024

Existing knowledge on changes of the haptoglobin (Hp) molecule suggests that it may exist in multiple proteoforms, which obviously exhibit different functions. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) in combination with mass spectrometry and immunodetection, we have analyzed blood plasma samples from both healthy donors and patients with primary grade IV glioblastoma (GBM), and obtained a detailed composite 2DE distribution map of β-chain proteoforms, as well as the full-length form of Hp (zonulin). Although the total level of plasma Hp exceeded normal values in cancer patients (especially patients with GBM), the presence of particuar proteoforms, detected by their position on the 2DE map, was very individual. Variability was found in both zonulin and the Hp β-chain. The presence of an alkaline form of zonulin in plasma can be considered a conditional, but insufficient, GBM biomarker. In other words, we found that at the level of minor proteoforms of Hp, even in normal conditions, there was a high individual variability. On the one hand, this raises questions about the reasons for such variability, if it is present not only in Hp, but also in other proteins. On the other hand, this may explain the discrepancy between the number of experimentally detected proteoforms and the theoretically possible ones not only in Hp, but also in other proteins.
Role of cognitive and emotional empathy in the development of social cognition among adolescents
Authors: Jacob Leema , Reddy K Jayasankara
Published: May 2024

Empathy and social cognition among adolescents have been mainly studied in recent years. There are several reasons that adolescence and social cognition are being studied. Adolescents find themselves fully facing the external world and equipped with social cognitive skills, including emotional and cognitive empathy, along with the theory of mind acquired at home or school. Now, they must interact with others with diverse views, thoughts, and emotions from society. One of the fundamental components of social cognition among adolescents is described as empathy. Archival techniques are used in this review paper. This paper explores the connection between empathy and social cognition in adolescent development and how emotional and cognitive empathy influence social cognitive skills. It also investigates the changes in brain regions to social cognition and empathy among adolescents. Identifying this relationship reveals that emotional and cognitive empathy are both indispensable in the construct of social cognition during the adolescence period. The findings of the study point to the need for assessing the different components of empathy in psychopathological conditions among adolescents, which is marked by difficulties in emotional identification and expression. Developing a typical training program that improves social cognitive skills may help adolescents track their behavior in every aspect.
Sources of organic matter elucidated through Pyr-CG-MS, and relation to basin scale events in the Pimienta Formation (Central Mexico)
Authors: Colín-García María , Camprubí Antoni , Núñez-Useche Fernando , Carrizo Daniel , León-Santiago Mayra , Correa-Metrio Alexander , Enciso-Cárdenas Juan Josué , Fuentes-Guzmán Edith
Published: May 2024

The study of organic matter is essential for understanding the sedimentary and diagenetic processes that have occurred in a certain area. Sediments rich in organic matter with a vocation for producing hydrocarbons are of particular importance. Studies of organic matter in these environments help not only to determine their potential as hydrocarbon generators, but also contribute to the understanding of the processes that have occurred in the basin over time. In this study, the use of pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC-MS) is proposed to analyse the diversity of organic molecules contained in the sediments of the Pimienta Formation. This technique is versatile and, although destructive, allows rapid analysis of organic matter, in addition to the minimal quantities required for the study. Pyr-GC-MS allows functional groups to be determined; in this study 34 different moieties were identified. The use of this technique is perfectly complemented by Rock-Eval-pyrolysis and fluid inclusion studies, which allows greater detail of the origin of the molecules. The results of the Rock Eval Pyrolysis suggested that there were two types of kerogen: continental (Type III) and marine (Type II)]. Some samples contained organic matter of continental origin , while others contained organic matter of marine origin. Analysis of fluid inclusions suggested sedimentary-diagenetic and meteoric sources for fluids, as well as different types of interaction between them and the surrounding rocks.
Language skills training through role play Moot court: teaching French for specific purposes in multilingual groups
Authors: Samorodova Ekaterina A. , Carbonel Maxime , Merzouk Samira
Published: May 2024

The effectiveness of professional role play in studying foreign languages for specific purposes is the research subject of this paper. For these purposes, the authors studied and analyzed the legal role play, or in other words, the legal competition Moot Court intended for students of legal faculties and institutions as an educational instrument or technology in teaching foreign languages. In the context of higher legal education, role-playing in a foreign language becomes a model close to the future profession since it serves to better understand its particularities and details and become aware of its importance, usefulness, and necessity. The authors showed to what extent and how professional role-playing games contribute to studying and mastering a foreign language, what functions they perform and how they can be used in foreign language classes to obtain greater success in class. The study's main conclusions are based on an analysis of the data obtained following the assessment of the student's knowledge after the experience. The authors are convinced that during the game and its preparation, the participating student carries out many different activities related to learning a foreign language as he acquires knowledge of new lexical and grammatical structures, the syntax of a legal text and its terminology, the skills of dialogic speech and monologue, the ability to express oneself on professional subjects. Due to the motivational nature of the game and its properties of involving a student in a real creative and educational process, the acquisition of new linguistic knowledge occurs very actively and effectively.
Specific features of proverbs in language teaching
Authors: Slushash Salikhova , Ibragimova Tursunai , Gulmira Tagaeva , Ainagul Niyazova , Chynara Attokurova
Published: May 2024

The urgency of the topic proverbs teaching in language education is due to the possibility of studying proverbs as linguistic units that enlarge the students outlook and worldview. Proverbs do reflect reality and do express the activities of the inhabitants of a certain language, which has some fragments of the world, although they reproduce from generation to generation the activities and cultural and national traditions of the people, its indigenous inhabitants. The scientific value of this is determined by the need to organize proverbial words and is determined by the fact that it allows you to make statements about certain aspects of what you are actively studying! There are currently problems in the relationship between language and culture that naturally reinforce the ideas found in proverbs and their relevance in philosophy. The notorious material allows one to penetrate into the area of mental activity of a linguistically determined society and opens up wide opportunities for conducting comparative research. A study of the system of proverbs and its educational role in language teaching, allowing to observe universal and national cultures in mentalities and contribute to the theoretical problems and general practices of applied linguistics in general, to solve methodological issues for carrying out linguocultural and methodological analysis. There are many ways to inculcate national education in future generations. One way is to shape the national consciousness by teaching proverbs and sayings that have been preserved from one generation to the next and have preserved the culture, identity, and traditions of the nation. This research studies the linguistic and cultural features of English proverbs. Therefore, in order to strengthen international relations, to introduce traditional proverbs, it is necessary to qualitatively determine their linguistic and cultural features. It is important to read texts with cultural coloring, phraseological phrases, catchphrases, real words, proverbs, legends and stories that reveal the identity of the people, as well as works which have a significant place in the history of fiction in shaping a person’s national consciousness. The people's life and world view are preserved in proverbs, metaphors and symbols. They are the sources of the most valuable information about the culture and mentality of the people.
Интерактивные методы обучения как способ формирования коммуникативной профессиональной компетенции на уроках русского языка
Authors: Перовская Т.И. , Гориславцева М.А. , Кузерина Д.С.
Published: May 2024

В статье рассматриваются интерактивные методы обучения на уроках русского языка, лингвистические игры. Средства формирования коммуникативной профессиональной компетенции студентов. Демонстрируются продуктивные приемы усвоения студентами фонетических, лексических, морфологических, орфографических правил.
Определение информационно-аналитического психотипа мужчины в сети Интернет
Authors: Дворянкин О.А.
Published: May 2024

В статье исследуется информационно-аналитический психотип мужчины в сети Интернет и вокруг него. Изучаются особенности, характеристики, структура, положения общения мужчины, как в реальной жизни, так и виртуальной. Особое внимание обращено на стилистику общения в сети Интернет и ее разновидности у мужчин.
Диалектика творчества и нравственности в научной деятельности
Authors: Кулешов В.Е.
Published: May 2024

Сущностной характеристикой человека как homo sapiens является наличие у него самосознания (сознания, направленного на самого себя), заставляющего задавать вопросы и искать на них ответы, то есть он, в отличие от животных, обречен на творчество. В современном институте науки, от которого зависит будущее цивилизации, сложились объективно необходимые этические нормы творческой деятельности. Основными из них являются: социальная ответственность ученого, бескорыстное стремление к познанию, научная честность, положительное восприятие критики, участие в подготовке кадров и др. Их выполнение имеет для ученого смысложизненное значение.
О признании сна беспомощным состоянием (по материалам следственно-судебной практики по делам о половых преступлениях)
Authors: Яшков С.А.
Published: May 2024

Предметом исследования в данной работе являются насильственные половые преступления. Автором указывается, что они могут совершаться с применением насилия, угрозой его применения или с использованием беспомощного состояния потерпевшего. Особо его интересует следственно-судебная практика уголовно-правовой оценки действий виновного, совершившего насильственное половое преступление со спящим потерпевшим.
Опытная проверка эффекта герберта при омагничивании быстрорежущих сталей
Authors: Пустовойт В.Н. , Долгачев Ю.В. , Кайибанда Д.В.
Published: May 2024

В работе проведена проверка существования упрочнения термически обработанных быстрорежущих сталей после омагничивании (эффект Герберта). Установлена обратимость эффекта упрочнения в течении определѐнного времени после омагничивания. Делается вывод о неэффективности данного метода термической обработки быстрорежущих сталей.
Внедрение TFTP сервера под управлением РЕД ОС
Authors: Федотов М.А. , Никулин В.С. , Беленькая М.Н.
Published: May 2024

В статье рассматривается возможность совместимости отечественной операционной системы РЕД ОС с протоколом TFTP. Проведен анализ ключевых функциональных характеристик протокола в соответствии с установленными стандартами RFC. Исследованы возможности совместимости операционной системы РЕД ОС с иностранным программным обеспечением.
Физико-химические характеристики нефти Приобского месторождения
Authors: Лыгин С.А. , Зиннурова Л.Ю.
Published: May 2024

Нефтяная промышленность – это та отрасль промышленности, от которой зависит экономическое развитие многих стран. В данной статье были рассмотрены состав, физикохимические характеристики нефти. Также изучены регламентирующие документы. В статье описан ход и результаты определения различных физико-химических характеристик нефти.
Idealists and realists of modern german literature
Authors: Chugunov Dmitry A.
Published: May 2024

The subject of the research in this article is a combination of two approaches to the representation of the world by modern German writers. Attention to the antithesis of the idealistic and realistic, due to the special development of German society after 1945, often makes it possible to explain both the public position of many authors and their artistic practice. The debates on the significance of the Na-zi past for German consciousness, on the value of the GDR literature and ideals questioning by East German authors after unification, on the formation of a united Europe are consistently considered. The article shows how the idealization of certain concepts inevitably leads to the mythologization of the problems under consideration, to the emergence of the opposition “we and they”. The process of idealization of the European cultural and political space is particularly noticeable in the last decade, which has a serious impact on the individual consciousness of German writers. German authors almost unconditionally accept the idea that the European political and cultural unification project is a “reasonable and logical consequence of historical experience” (Menasse). Due to the mythologization of this idea, other opinions are rejected. A united Europe of the present and future is declared ideal from all points of view, and skeptics or opponents of unification are entitled into the mythological category of enemies, dialogue with whom is difficult due to their mental and spiritual underdevelopment. Only few German writers (L. Bärfuss, I. Schulze) retain the ability to think outside the mainstream settings.
El principio de la participación en el sistema de seguridad social venezolano para impulsar la gestión del conocimiento
Authors: García Palma Xiomara Coromoto
Published: May 2024

La participación como principio operativo de la seguridad social permite la instrumentación de la política social en los diferentes subsistemas de protección social. Hasta ahora, en Venezuela, estos sistemas se han ejecutado bajo un modelo burocrático, jerárquico y técnico, en el que los procedimientos no permiten la participación de la población en las políticas de la seguridad social ni el control que tienen sobre estas. Su involucramiento en estos últimos 20 años se ha limitado a recibir subsidios, mientras que el Estado ha ido creando sistemas paralelos de protección, denominados ‘misiones’ o ‘grandes misiones’, que debilitan los sistemas como el de salud o vivienda, además del empleo y el salario. Cuando la población ejerce la participación, se gestiona un sistema de seguridad social eficaz, incluyente, con carácter equitativo y justo para la sociedad. Dicho esto, es posible desplazar la burocratización hacia un modelo  democrático, descentralizado y de gobernanza, que gestione el conocimiento desde la construcción colectiva y permita la apropiación social de los principios doctrinarios de la seguridad social como cultura y modo de vida en sociedad.
Impacto de la inteligencia artificial en las relaciones laborales
Authors: Díaz Reyes Laura Daniela , Morales Salazar Sebastián
Published: May 2024

La integración de tecnología avanzada y sistemas inteligentes en la gestión y desarrollo empresarial se ha convertido en una tendencia clave para mejorar la eficiencia y la productividad. Sin embargo, la adopción de estos sistemas sin una regulación adecuada representa un riesgo potencial para los derechos de los trabajadores. Por lo tanto, es crucial consultar estudios técnicos y aprender de las experiencias normativas internacionales para desarrollar una regulación que equilibre la innovación tecnológica con la protección de los derechos laborales y el equilibrio empresarial. Este enfoque requiere la inclusión de recomendaciones prácticas para que el Estado, los empleadores y los trabajadores colaboren en la formulación e implementación de regulaciones nacionales adecuadas para estos avances tecnológicos en la gestión empresarial. Este artículo analiza la influencia de la inteligencia artificial y los algoritmos en la gestión empresarial. En particular, examina las decisiones automatizadas que afectan o benefician al trabajador dentro del vínculo laboral.
Família de conversores c.c./c.c. de alto ganho com chave única
Authors: Pereira Aline V. C. , Cavalcanti Marcelo C. , Azevedo Gustavo M. S. , Bradaschia Fabricio , Caldeira Carolina Albuquerque , Barbosa Eduardo Augusto Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Neste trabalho é apresentada uma família de conversores C.C./C.C. de alto ganho com chave única semicondutora. A variação dos conversores propostos é obtida ao alterar o posicionamento dos capacitores e o alto ganho é atingido através do acoplamento magnético. As perdas por condução são minimizadas devido à blackução dos esforços de tensão na chave pelos circuitos grampeadores. Ainda, todos os diodos operam com comutação sob zero de corrente, eliminando as perdas por recuperação reversa. O artigo apresenta a descrição dos conversores propostos, suas principais equações, formas de onda em modo de condução contínua e uma análise comparativa com conversores similares publicados na literatura. Além disso, os resultados experimentais obtidos de um protótipo projetado para operar com potência nominal de 140 W, frequência de comutação de 100 kHz, tensão de entrada de 14,8 V e tensão de saída de 220 V validam os conversores propostas. A eficiência a carga plena é de 91,84 % e a eficiência máxima 93,77 % foi atingida com 51,27 W.
traitement des fonds mixtes. L’exemple des archives d’artistes valaisans
Authors: Chauvie Anne
Published: May 2024

En 2020, les Musées cantonaux du Valais ont déposé les Archives d’artistes valaisans aux Archives de l’État du Valais, un ensemble de fonds, de collections et de documents épars. Ces archives « mixtes » sont composées de supports très hétérogènes, allant de gravures et de dessins à des objets en trois dimensions en passant par des documents audiovisuels. Le traitement des fonds mixtes est la problématique centrale de cet article. Pour répondre aux questions qu’elle soulève, l’acquisition de ces fonds et leur traitement aux AEV ont été examinés, permettant d’effectuer un état de la situation en Valais. Les pratiques de deux institutions ont aussi été observées : la Cinémathèque suisse, les archives nationales du film, et la Fondation SAPA, Archives suisses des arts de la scène. Elles ont la particularité de conserver une majorité de fonds mixtes et ont ainsi développé des pratiques intéressantes pour la gestion de ces fonds. Cette étude préalable a permis de donner des propositions pour le traitement d’archives d’artistes valaisans.
Ecological Flows Assessment of Significant Fish Species in Iril River, Northeast India Through PHABSIM
Authors: Khwairakpam Eliza
Published: May 2024

Background: Freshwater fishes are facing alarming threats due to various anthropogenic activities. The present study estimates the ecological flow requirements for Bangana dero and Wallago attu fish species in the Iril River through a habitat modeling approach. Methods: The habitat suitability modeling of the target species was carried out using the physical habitat simulation model (PHABSIM). PHABSIM model was developed for the river stretch extending about 6,000 m in Iril River. 11 cross-sections at a distance of about 500 m were specified in the model. In the model, habtae was set to run and weighted usable area (WUA) was obtained as output from the habitat model. Result: The highest WUA for the two fish species is estimated at 21 cumecs of discharge. The mean flow of the Iril River is about 27.7 cumecs, which is 6.7 cumecs higher than the optimal ecological flow requirements. The estimation of ecological flow requirements is required to have a better understanding of Weighted Usable Area (WUA) for planning and management strategies. This information may enable stakeholders to develop ameliorative strategies and adopt meaningful measures suitable for the conservation of significant fish species.
An Analytical Study on Growth Performance of Major Food Grain and Oilseed Crops in Context of Food Security: Rajasthan, India
Authors: Verma Devendra Kumar , Khoisnam Nikita , Maisnam Guneshori , Subba Ranjit , Awatade Sudarshan C.
Published: May 2024

Background: Productivity, as a source of growth has been a significant premise of analytical investigation in economics all along, however it gained an empirical momentum in the recent years only and has become a necessary index to growth. Present paper estimates growth rate of area, production and productivity of food grain and oilseed crops in Rajasthan. Methods: To analyse growth performance of food grain and oilseed crops Rajasthan time series, data on area, production and yield were collected from 1976-77 to 2018-19. The time-series data were collected on area, production and yield of selected crops from the Directorate of Economics and Statistics (DES), Directorate of Agriculture (DOA) and Rajasthan State Agriculture Department. The compound growth rates (CGRs) of area, production and productivity of selected crops in Rajasthan were calculated using the exponential function. Result: The study revealed that production, productivity and area of total food grains was recorded a positive and highly significant annual growth at the rate of 3.18%, 2.19% 0.63% per annum, respectively. The production, productivity and area of total oilseed was observed a positive and highly significant annual growth rate of 7.63%, 2.07% and 4.27% per annum, respectively. The area under barley, gram and sesamum reduced during the study period. Therefore, the technological support through the varietal improvement and extension support is required.
Factores de riesgo psicosocial como predictores de la intención de renuncia del personal operativo del sector industrial de Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   , Pulido Del Castillo Ricardo David , Gamarra Quispe Maria Belen
Published: May 2024

Este estudio de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar los factores de riesgo psicosocial que predicen la intención de renuncia del personal operativo de una empresa del sector industrial. Estos factores fueron evaluados a través del cuestionario de factores psicosociales en el trabajo (F- Psico 3.1), así como la escala de intención de renuncia al trabajo (IR). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 155 operarios de producción de una empresa industrial en Lima Metropolitana. Los resultados indican que existe una relación significativa entre los factores de Contenido y características de la tarea, Interacción social y aspectos organizacionales, y Satisfacción con la remuneración del rendimiento con la intención de renuncia (p < .001). Lo cual indica que los ítems condiciones del lugar de trabajo, contenido y características de la tarea e interacción social son las que mayor predicen la salida voluntaria de los trabajadores. Asimismo, se identificó que existe una relación lineal múltiple entre ambos instrumentos, donde se evidencia que los factores cuentan con una correlación estadísticamente significativa.
Parque Biblioteca en Villa Maria del Triunfo
Authors:   , Vasquez Alarcon Alisson Kinberly Steisy
Published: May 2024

El asentamiento de la población en zonas periurbanas de Lima, en consecuencia, del crecimiento demográfico desordenado que esta atraviesa, ha incrementado la ya existente brecha de desigualdad que se tenía. Las personas que viven es distritos consolidados tiene ventaja en relación con la población de zonas menos favorecidas, está en su mayoría carece de servicios básicos, seguridad y principalmente acceso a educación de calidad. La educación según la UNESCO es un derecho básico del ser humano que le permite desarrollarse de manera integral y en un futuro ser agente de cambio para su sociedad. Actualmente el distrito de Villa María del Triunfo presenta uno de los índices más bajos en cuanto a logro educativo entre los 47 distritos que conforman Lima Metropolitana. La falta de programas e iniciativas que contrarresten estos índices sumada a carencia de infraestructura pertinente que respalden dichas estrategias agrava la situación. A su vez la insuficiente dotación de espacio público donde la población pueda desarrollarse como comunidad se hace notar. En esta investigación se analizará como un Parque Biblioteca con énfasis en los “espacios In Between”, es capaz de ser un ente articular de la comunidad además de incrementar los niveles de educación en las personas a raíz de las actividades culturales desarrolladas en el proyecto.
TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ’NİN İLK GENEL NÜFUS SAYIMINA GÖRE TEKİRDAĞ’IN DEMOGRAFİK YAPISI
Authors: Öztaş Sezai
Published: May 2024

24 Temmuz 1923’te Lozan Antlaşması imzalanmış ve Türkiye siyasal, askerî, iktisadî ve kültürel bağımsızlığını dünyaya kabul ettirmiştir. 29 Ekim 1923’te ise Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi tarafından cumhuriyet ilan edilmiştir. Bu süreçte devletin ekonomi politikalarının daha iyi yönetilebilmesi ve mevcut kaynaklarının daha verimli kullanabilmesi için nüfusun sayısının bilinmesi gerekmekteydi. Ayrıca nüfusun bilinmesi, devletlerin geleceğe yönelik planlamalarını kolaylaştırdığı gibi devletlerin kalkınabilmesi için yapılacak yatırımların da belirlenebilmesinde önemlidir. Bu amaçla 1926 yılında genel nüfus sayımı için gerekli hazırlıklar başlatılmış ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ilk genel nüfus sayımı 28 Ekim 1927’de yapılmıştır. 1927 genel nüfus sayımında nüfusun; doğum yerleri, tabiiyetleri, medenî durumları, yaş grupları, okuma bilme durumları, meslekleri, dinleri, maluliyetleri, ana dilleri vb. tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin o dönemki nüfusu tespit edilen 63 vilayetinden biri de Tekirdağ’dır. Bu çalışmada Cumhuriyetin ilk genel nüfus sayımına göre Tekirdağ vilayetinin nüfus özellikleri ve demografik yapısı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. 1927 genel nüfus sayımında Tekirdağ vilayet nüfusu 65.881 kadın ve 65.565 erkek olmak üzere toplam 131.446 kişi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Vilayetin, genç ve dinamik nüfusu dikkat çekmektedir.
Bioanthropological and Biomechanical Perspectives on Skeletal Senescence Variation: A Literature Review
Authors: Alaydrus Sayf Muhammad , Jauhari Muhamad
Published: May 2024

Background: Senescence is the deterioration of the body’s biological and physiological function throughout later life. Senescent populations are more prone to diseases, though other than osteoporosis, skeletal senescence is a less discussed topic in Indonesia. Furthermore, a global and national increase in the aging population showed that they will be a major group in society, thus raising the urgency to review this matter. This study aims to comprehend the physiological and biomechanical mechanisms of skeletal senescence, as well as senescent variations in a certain sex or population affinity.
Literature Review: Age-related skeletal cellular death and imbalance contribute to bone damage in elders. Senescence also affects skeletal biomechanics, expressed in increased bone porosity and brittleness. Stresses in aged bone risk straining above its elastic limit and causing fractures due to its inability to tolerate stresses. The loss of sex hormones is related to skeletal senescence, especially in females, though the effects of testosterone on skeletal senescence are underresearched. Dietary change, estrogen replacement therapy, and calcitonin consumption are effective measures in reducing the effects of osteoporosis. Variations were found in the bone aging process in different populations, especially regarding bone mineral density loss in white, African-American, Asian, and Hispanic populations.
Summary: Specific population-based healthcare services in geriatrics and gerontology are highly suggested to ensure inclusive healthcare for every aged individual. Due to the minimum data about bone aging in Indonesia (other than osteoporosis), the authors encourage data procurement on local populations to create more suitable medical guidelines for elders in Indonesia.
Impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease on the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Han Jiaxin , Kuai Wentao , Yang Liu , Tao Xuemei , Wang Yuekui , Zeng Minghui , Li Yuqin , Mi Yuqiang , Zhang Ningning , Lu Wei , Xu Liang
Published: May 2024

Objective: To investigate the impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: A total of 155 patients with CHB-related HCC who received ICI–based therapy (in the Department of Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital and Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital) between April 2021 and December 2023 were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups: MASLD concurrent with CHB [MASLD-CHB] (n = 38), and CHB (n = 117). Results: The median progression-free survival (PFS, 6.9 months vs. 9.3 months; P = 0.001), progressive disease (57.89% vs. 37.61%; P = 0.028), and disease control rate (42.11% vs. 62.39%; P = 0. 028) in the MASLD-CHB group were significantly worse than the CHB group. The median overall survival was not attained. The percentage of CD4+PD1+ (17. 56% vs. 8.89%; P < 0.001) and CD8+PD1+ T cells (10.50% vs. 7.42%; P = 0.005) in patient samples from the MASLD-CHB group were significantly higher than the CHB group. Concurrent MASLD [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.921; 95% CI, 1.138–3.245; P = 0.015] and alpha-fetoprotein levels after 3 months of treatment (HR = 2.412; 95% CI, 1.360–4.279; P = 0.003) were independent risk factors for PFS in all patients. Conclusions: ICI-based therapy in patients with CHB-related HCC and concurrent MASLD resulted in poorer efficacy and shorter PFS compared to patients with CHB-related HCC alone.
Examining different approaches for short-term load demand forecasting in microgrid management: a case study of a university in Nigeria
Authors: Gwaivangmin Barnabas Iliya
Published: May 2024

In remote regions, microgrids are increasingly recognized as dependable electricity sources, underscoring the necessity for precise short-term load demand forecasts to ensure efficient microgrid management. This study assessed three forecasting methodologies—Ridge Regression (RG), Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) regression—for predicting electricity load demand in a microgrid at the University of Jos in Nigeria. The objective was to achieve accurate load demand forecasts within a specified timeframe. Leveraging 6 years of historical load data from the Jos Electricity Distribution Company (JEDC) and weather data from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), the research demonstrated that both RG and ARIMA outperformed SVM, exhibiting lower Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) values. Specifically, RG recorded an RMSE of 256.414 (representing a reduction of 11.1% compared to SVM), MSE of 65,748.170 (a decrease of 8.9% compared to SVM), and MAPE of 37.730 (a decrease of 12.0% compared to SVM), while ARIMA displayed an RMSE of 215.820 (a decrease of 20.5% compared to SVM), MSE of 46,580.220 (a decrease of 21.4% compared to SVM), and MAPE of 30.210 (a decrease of 32.9% compared to SVM). In contrast, SVM yielded an RMSE of 289.419, MSE of 83,763.112, and MAPE of 45.482. The study concluded that ARIMA outperforms both RG and SVM in accurate microgrid load forecasting, emphasizing the importance of selecting suitable forecasting techniques in energy resource allocation decisions.
Euclidean Relativity Solves the Hubble Constant Tension
Authors: Niemz Markolf H.
Published: May 2024

Special and general relativity (SR/GR) describe nature “subjectively”, that is, from the perspectives of observers. Despite the Lorentz covariance of SR, the general covariance of GR, and all coordinate-free formulations, the perspective of each observer is egocentric. Even if we consider all egocentric perspectives, we will not craft a “holistic view of nature” (view of nature as a whole and in her own concepts) because there is no absolute time in SR/GR. In Euclidean relativity (ER), there is a relative 4D vector “flow of proper time” and absolute, cosmic time. ER describes nature “objectively”, that is, independently of observers. Each object’s (not only an observer’s) proper space d1, d2, d3 and its proper time τ span an absolute, natural 4D Euclidean spacetime (ES), where d1, d2, d3 and d4 = cτ are treated the same. An observer’s reality is created by projecting ES orthogonally to his proper space and to his proper time. ER compares to the “advanced heliocentric model”, in which the sun is the center of the solar system, but no star is the center of space. That model provides a holistic view of nature from “beyond” (outside) space. Likewise, ER provides a holistic view of nature from beyond space and time. A master reality ES described by ER is beyond each observer’s reality described by SR/GR. Subjective concepts (space, time, waves, particles) have objective counterparts in the master reality. “Pure distance” is the counterpart of space and time. “Pure energy” is the counterpart of waves and particles. I do not identify the counterparts of forces and fields. ER solves 15 mysteries (time’s arrow, the Hubble constant tension, entanglement) geometrically—without forces and fields.
Dirac Fermion of a Monopole Pair (MP) Model
Authors: Yuguru Samuel
Published: May 2024

The electron of spin −1/2 is a Dirac fermion of a complex four-component spinor field. Though it is effectively addressed by relativistic quantum field theory, an intuitive form of the fermion still remains lacking and it is often described by the so-called Dirac belt trick. In this novel undertaking, the electron is examined within the boundary posed by a recently proposed MP model of a hydrogen atom into 4D space-time. Its transformation to Dirac fermion appears consistent with Dirac belt trick, quantum mechanics and Lie group with gravity considered to be a classical force for an irreducible spinor field. These outcomes are compatible with Dirac field theory and its associated features like wave function collapse, quantized Hamiltonian, non-relativistic wave function, Weyl spinor, Lorentz transformation and Feynman diagrams. The model though speculative, it could become important towards defining the fundamental state of matter subject to further examinations.
Room Temperature Superconductivity in Thorium Salts Reveals a Novel Superconducting Mechanism
Authors: Zhao Dong , Zhao George
Published: May 2024

An innovative superconducting mechanism was developed based on a patented discovery of room temperature superconductivity in several thorium (Th) salts or compounds. The rationale behind this discovery is through the experimental results about the unique electrical and magnetic properties of these Th salts. Accordingly, this new superconducting mechanism for these Th salts was obtained through the analyses of the compounds’ molecular configurations and the packings of their relevant crystal structures. Owing to the distinctive properties of the Th compounds in this discovery, we further established a different electron pairing scheme as opposed to the pairing of the Cooper pairs. Compared to the long distance electron pairing of the Cooper pairs, the new electron pairing in our mechanism is constructed by two closely correlated electrons that reside on the same atomic orbital of the Th cation as an electron lone pair. In this new superconducting mechanism, the Th cation is sitting on a relevant crystallographic lattice arrangement or a network of the relevant Th compounds. This network is constructed by many Th cations along certain crystallographic lattice arrangement where each Th cation contains one electron lone pair. This network allows the electron lone pairs on the Th cations to be delocalized over the network, “in pair”, and thus, reveals the electron lone pair in presence in a long distance fashion. The closely correlated electron lone pairs hop on this network and thus, construct the supercurrent over the network. This explanation about the superconductivity laid the basis for our superconducting mechanism. All these conclusions came from the previous studies about these compounds that illustrated their unusual features of a coexistence of high electrical conductivity and diamagnetism. These electrical and magnetic properties fall in line with that of superconductors but, surprisingly, these Th compounds have such properties at the ambient condition, meaning under room temperature and atmosphere pressure. We expect that this mechanism may be appropriate to be utilized to other superconducting cases and therefore, can be adapted to describe the superconducting phenomenon for other superconductors.
Fundamental Physics as the General Solution to a Maximization Problem on the Shannon Entropy of All Measurements
Authors: Harvey-Tremblay Alexandre
Published: May 2024

We present a novel approach to quantum theory construction that involves maximizing the Shannon entropy of quantum measurements relative to their initial preparation. By constraining the maximization problem with a phase that vanish under measurements, we obtain quantum mechanics (vanishing U(1)-valued phase), relativistic quantum mechanics (vanishing Spin^c(3,1)-valued phase), and quantum gravity (also a vanishing Spin^c(3,1)-valued phase, but with a dilation constraint replacing the normalization constraint). The first two cases are equivalent to established theory, whereas the later case yields a quantum theory of accelerated reference frames, in which a quantized version of the Einstein field equation lives. Specifically, the spacetime interval is promoted to an observable, effectively building the metric tensor from the underlying quantum structure. Moreover, the SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) gauge symmetries of the Standard Model arise naturally without additional assumptions. Finally, the solution is consistent only with 3+1 spacetime dimensions, as it encounters obstructions in all other dimensional configurations. This framework integrates quantum mechanics, relativistic quantum mechanics, quantum gravity, spacetime dimensionality, and particle physics gauge symmetries from a simple entropy maximization problem constrained by a vanishing phase.
Grating (Moiré) Microinterferometric Displacement/Strain Sensor with Polarization Phase Shift
Authors: Sałbut Leszek , Łukaszewski Dariusz , Piekarska Aleksandra
Published: May 2024

Grating (moiré) interferometry is one of the well-known methods for full-field in-plane displacement and strain measurement. There are many design solutions for grating interferometers, including systems with a microinterferometric waveguide head. This article proposes a modification to the conventional waveguide interferometer head, enabling the implementation of a polarization fringe phase shift for automatic fringe pattern analysis. The article presents both the theoretical consideration of the proposed solution and its experimental verification, along with the concept of the in-plane displacement/strain sensor using the described head.
Clarification of the Boundaries of Lands of Historical and Cultural Heritage and Determination of Their Protection Zones by Remote Sensing Methods
Authors: Chetverikov Borys , Hlotov Volodymyr , Bakuła Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

Determining precise boundaries and protective zones for historical and cultural objects enables their effective preservation. This is particularly crucial in the face of increasing tourism, urbanization, and natural disasters. Accurately defining boundaries and protective zones can aid in the planning of scientific research, archaeological excavations, and other studies aimed at exploring the history and cultural significance of these objects. The article presents the framework for establishing protective zones around historical and cultural heritage sites existing in Ukraine, using the example of the Citadel defensive complex located in Lviv (Ukraine). It proposes general and detailed conceptual models for the combined application of remote and non-invasive methods for investigating historical and cultural heritage sites. This conceptual article introduces the theory of integrating radar satellite imaging with ground-based georadar imaging. Additionally, it presents a software module that has been developed to analyze collected data on two-dimensional historical and cultural heritage objects, refine their boundaries, and establish protective zones around them.
A Novel Image Compression Method Based on Coordinated Group Signal Transformation
Authors: Lopukhova Ekaterina , Voronkov Grigory , Kuznetsov Igor , Ivanov Vladislav , Kutluyarov Ruslan , Grakhova Elizaveta
Published: May 2024

The paper describes the new method for image compression based on coordinated group signal transformation. The algorithm is a type of difference coding. Coordinated processing significantly simplifies the difference signal conversion scheme using a single group codec for all signals. The described method considers color channels as correlated signals of a multi-channel communication system. The specifics of the processed data required modification of the coordinated group processing algorithm. First, we changed how to calculate the difference signals to prevent data loss. Secondly, the group codec was supplemented with a neural network to improve the quality of reconstructed images. We considered the following types of neural networks: fully connected, recurrent, convolution, and convolution in the Fourier space. Based on the simulation results, it is best to use fully connected neural networks if the goal is to minimize processing delay time. These networks have a response time of 13 ms. On the other hand, if the priority is to improve quality in cases where delays are not critical, then convolution neural networks in the Fourier space should be used. These networks have a response time of 140 ms and are of significant interest.
Understanding Aβ Peptide Binding to Lipid Membranes. A Biophysical Perspective
Authors: AHYAYAUCH HASNA , Masserini Massimo , Alonso Alicia , Goñi Félix M.
Published: May 2024

Aβ peptides are known to bind neural plasma membranes in a process leading to the deposit of Aβ-enriched plaques. These extracellular structures are characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease, the major cause of late-age dementia. The mechanisms of Aβ plaque formation and deposition are far from being understood. A vast amount of literature describes the efforts to analyze those mechanisms, using a variety of tools. The present review focuses on biophysical studies, mostly carried out with model membranes, or with computational tools. The review starts by describing basic physical aspects of lipid phases, and commonly used model membranes (monolayers and bilayers). This is followed by a discussion of biophysical techniques applied to these systems, mainly but not exclusively Langmuir monolayers, isothermal calorimetry, density-gradient ultracentrifugation, and molecular dynamics. The methodological section is followed by the core of the review, a summary of important results obtained with each technique. The last section is devoted to an overall reflection and an effort in understanding Aβ-bilayer binding. Concepts such as Aβ peptide membrane binding, adsorption, and insertion are defined and differentiated. The roles of membrane lipid order, nanodomain formation, and electrostatic forces in Aβ-membrane interaction are separately identified and discussed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Biochars and Activated Carbons Derived from Various Biomass for CO2 Adsorption
Authors: Hoang Tuan-Dung , Yan Liu , Le Thang Minh
Published: May 2024

Reducing CO2 emissions is urgently needed to slow down the impacts of climate change. CO2 capture using an amine solution has been developed and implemented on pilot and commercial scales. However, amine scrubbing, in particular, produces a lot of degraded solvent as waste and is energy intensive. Solid sorbents have been called to overcome those drawbacks. In this work, waste biomass-derived carbon materials were developed and tested for CO2 capture and conversion. Advanced thermal chemical processes i.e. hydrothermal and pyrolysis were applied to produce materials from agri-food waste such as soybean and okara. It was found that the number of functional groups (-C=O and -OH) in activated carbon appears in the synthesized materials, implying the generation of surface oxygenated groups. Preliminary results showed that the synthesized activated carbons are obtained with good yields, and a relatively high surface area, which may be applied as CO2 adsorption materials to solve the CO2 emission problems.