bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
885-P: Real-World Evidence on Health Care Costs Related to Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) Compared with Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) in Nonintensively Treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)
Authors: KERR DAVID , DUNCAN IAN , GIORGINO FRANCESCO , REPETTO ENRICO , PERKINS CHRISTOPHER , MAROUN RANA , RIVERS MEREDITH , WU ALEXANDER
Published: May 2022

Background: Type 2 diabetes poses an economic burden to healthcare systems. For individuals with non-intensively treated T2DM, it is unclear whether the use of CGM would add health-economic value. The aim of this study was to compare the costs of SMBG compared to CGM in non-intensively treated T2DM.

Methods: A retrospective cost-analysis using the IBM® MarketScan® Databases was conducted. T2DM patients aged ≥18 years who were using SMBG or initiated CGM between Jan 2018 and March 20were eligible for inclusion. Inclusion criteria included two consecutive claims for T2DM or one claim for T2DM and a claim for glucose lowering therapy, at least one pharmacy claim for SMBG strips or CGM sensors and continuous enrollment for 1-year before and after the index date. Individuals with CGM in pre-index period, pregnancy, rapid-acting insulin, glucagon, T1DM, gestational or secondary diabetes were excluded. SMBG and CGM patients were matched using a propensity score and all cause costs during a one-year follow-up period were compared.

Results: A total of 3,498 patients were included in each matched cohort. For CGM patients, 77% used flash monitoring and 23% a real-time CGM. 35% of SMBG and 37% of CGM users were on basal insulin. Considering median values, SMBG total healthcare costs per person/year were $1,934 less vs. CGM users (p < 0.05) . SMBG patients had significantly lower pharmacy cost (-$2,257, p<0.05) and lower expenses for glucose-lowering treatments (-$1,045, p<0.05) than CGM. Both SMBG and CGM cohorts had similar costs related to inpatient and emergency room admissions.

Conclusion: This analysis shows that SMBG is less costly than CGM in non-intensively treated T2DM patients and is associated with lower pharmacy costs, including glucose-lowering medications. Furthermore, no significant differences in the number of emergency room visits or hospitalizations are seen in SMBG and CGM users.

Disclosure

D. Kerr: Advisory Panel; Abbott Diabetes, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. Consultant; Evidation Health. Research Support; Novo Nordisk A/S. Stock/Shareholder; Glooko, Inc., Hi.Health. I. Duncan: Consultant; Onduo LLC. F. Giorgino: Advisory Panel; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Novo Nordisk. Consultant; Lilly Diabetes, Sanofi. Research Support; Lilly Diabetes, Roche Diabetes Care, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. E. Repetto: Employee; Roche Diabetes Care. C. Perkins: Employee; Roche Diagnostics USA. R. Maroun: Employee; Amgen Inc., Roche Diagnostics. M. Rivers: Employee; Roche Diabetes Care. A. Wu: None.
910-P: Effectiveness of Randomized Controlled Trials to Improve A1C in Hispanic Populations with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: URANGA SOFIA , BIANCO LAURA , DECKARD AMBER , WAN WEN , ALEXANDER JASON , STAAB ERIN M. , RODRIGUEZ ALEX W. , SHETTY RAJ , LAITEERAPONG NEDA
Published: May 2022

Objective: In the US, Hispanic persons have a higher rate of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) than the national average, as well as experience more diabetes-related complications than non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) . This increased prevalence can be attributed to social and biological factors, like access to care and increased predisposition to pre-diabetic conditions. Currently, limited evidence exists for the effectiveness of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) at improving A1C levels in this population with T2D.

Methods: A systematic search focused on T2D interventions published from 1985 to 20was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo, and CINAHL. Search terms were structured around five broad concepts: diabetes, study design, language, race/ethnicity, and disparities. We focused on non-pharmacologic interventions, and included RCTs with ≥18.5% Hispanic persons, utilizing the 2020 US Census as standard. A random effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled effect size to provide summary estimates.

Results: Of the 111,289 articles reviewed, 28 trials met inclusion criteria. Participants were 90% Hispanic and 70% female with a mean age of 55.8 years. Most interventions used cultural tailoring, lifestyle and behavioral changes, or telehealth support and included bilingual nurses, Spanish educational materials, or community health workers. Compared to control, these interventions were associated with a 0.19% (95% confidence interval: -0.39% to 0.01%; p<0.01) reduction in A1c.

Conclusion: This meta-analysis examined non-pharmacologic interventions in Hispanic persons with T2D and found that they reduced A1c to a small degree. This finding is important for future T2D interventions tailoring to this population, as well as future health policy. Future analyses will examine which type of interventions (i.e. individual, community, societal, or multi-level) are most successful at reducing A1c among Hispanic persons.

Disclosure

S.Uranga: None. L.Bianco: None. A.Deckard: None. W.Wan: n/a. J.Alexander: None. E.M.Staab: None. A.W.Rodriguez: None. R.Shetty: None. N.Laiteerapong: None.
912-P: Integrating CGM Use into Primary Care Practice: A Diabetes Quality Improvement Project
Authors: MAMTANI RAASHI , WOLINSKY TAMAR , SIMON BARBARA
Published: May 2022

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is a powerful tool to help manage diabetes. Primary care providers (PCPs) have been slow to incorporate CGM into practice, representing a significant gap in healthcare delivery. We implemented a quality improvement intervention at our primary care clinic to increase utilization of CGM.

Methods: We conducted a pre-intervention survey with PCPs to assess baseline knowledge and comfort with CGM, followed by a 6 month post-intervention survey. Our interventions included the creation of a CGM toolkit, provider education, and implementation of an office workflow for prescribing CGM and educating patients. Our primary outcome measure was the number of CGM prescriptions written. Secondary outcome measures included change in provider knowledge and comfort with CGM use, and change in hemoglobin A1c after 3-6 months of CGM use.

Results: Our survey asked providers to rate their comfort and familiarity with CGM along with questions regarding barriers to CGM use. The baseline survey showed that provider familiarity and comfort explaining CGM to patients was poor, frequently rated as a 1 or 2 (1= not at all familiar, 5= very familiar) . Six months after implementation of our toolkit and education, 70% of providers responded with a 4 or 5. We identified 41 clinic patients who had CGM prescriptions in the six month time period prior to our study initiation. Six months after intervention, a total of 1patients had CGM prescriptions (146% increase) . Of the 60 patients newly prescribed CGM, we obtained retrospective data on patients. Mean hemoglobin A1c of was 9.96% at baseline and improved to 8.29% after 3-6 months of CGM use (change of 1.67%) .

Conclusion: Implementation of a toolkit focusing on provider education and an organized workflow for prescribing can increase the use of CGM in primary care practice, as well as positively affect provider knowledge and comfort with CGM use. Our preliminary data indicates that patients may also benefit from improved glycemic control.

Disclosure

R.Mamtani: None. T.Wolinsky: Other Relationship; Pfizer Inc. B.Simon: None.

Funding

American Diabetes Association
92-OR: Persistence of Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia, Severe Hypoglycemic Events, and Suboptimal Glycemic Control Despite Advanced Diabetes Technologies
Authors: PETTUS JEREMY , LIU JINGWEN , TITIEVSKY LINA , HAGAN KAITLIN , LIU TINA , CHANDARANA KEVAL , GAGLIA JASON L. , WOLF WENDY , BISPHAM JEOFFREY , CHAPMAN KATHERINE S.M. , FINAN DANIEL , SHERR JENNIFER
Published: May 2022

Trials of continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and hybrid closed-loop systems (HCLS) demonstrate improvements in glycemia with reductions in hypoglycemia in T1D, but there is limited real-world data on how these technologies impact the prevalence of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) , severe hypoglycemic events (SHEs) , and glycemic control. We conducted a one-time online survey of adults with T1D in the T1D Exchange Registry and online communities. Self-reported medical histories (insulin delivery method, HbA1c, IAH, SHEs) and CGM data were collected. 2044 patients (mean age 43 y, mean T1D duration 26 y, 72% female, 95% White) completed the survey. Most reported using CGMs (92%) ; 953 also used HCLS. Mean HbA1c was 6.89%; 41.5% had an HbA1C of ≥7%; 30.7% reported IAH; 19.8% had ≥1 SHE in the prior year; 12.0% had ≥2 SHEs in the prior year; 9.6% had IAH + ≥1 SHE; and 6.6% had IAH + ≥2 SHEs (Table) . Rates of SHEs and IAH + SHEs were lower in CGM users and CGM + HCLS users than in non-CGM users; however, among CGM + HCLS users, 16.6% reported ≥1 SHE, 8.7% ≥2 SHEs, 7.8% IAH + ≥1 SHE, and 4.7% IAH + ≥2 SHEs. Also, 35.6% of CGM + HCLS users had an HbA1C of ≥7%. In a patient cohort with high rates of technology adoption, rates of SHEs and IAH remained high, with a significant proportion of patients not achieving targeted glycemic control, indicating the need for novel T1D treatments.

Disclosure

J. Pettus: Advisory Panel; Lilly, MannKind Corporation, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi. Consultant; Carmot Therapeutics, Inc., Diasome. L. Titievsky: Employee; Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc., Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. Stock/Shareholder; Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc., Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. K. Hagan: Employee; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. T. Liu: Employee; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. Stock/Shareholder; Seattle Genetics, Inc. K. Chandarana: Employee; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. J.L. Gaglia: Advisory Panel; Dompé, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. Consultant; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. Research Support; Avotres Inc., Dompé, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Provention Bio, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. W. Wolf: None. J. Bispham: Employee; PPD Inc., T1D Exchange. K.S.M. Chapman: None. D. Finan: None. J. Sherr: Advisory Panel; Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc., Cecelia Health, Insulet Corporation, Medtronic, Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. Consultant; Insulet Corporation, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Research Support; Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Jaeb Center for Health Research, JDRF, Medtronic, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Speaker's Bureau; Lilly Diabetes.
924-P: Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Hemoglobin A1c among Black Persons with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: OSMAN FAWSIA , JIANG CHERRY , DECKARD AMBER , WAN WEN , ALEXANDER JASON , STAAB ERIN M. , RODRIGUEZ ALEX W. , SHETTY RAJ , LAITEERAPONG NEDA
Published: May 2022

Background: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is high among non-Hispanic Black persons. This population also has a high rate of poorly controlled T2D and a high burden of T2D related complications. To address this, various interventions have been studied to improve glycemic control. We performed a meta-analysis of published interventions on Black persons with T2D and their effects on HbA1c outcomes.

Methods: An electronic search of literature in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Medline was conducted from 1985 to 20for studies evaluating T2D interventions among predominantly minority populations. This analysis was limited to non-pharmacologic randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and studies that had an average ≥12.5% of total participants identifying as Black, utilizing the 2020 US Census as standard. Interventions were aimed at improving outcomes including blood pressure, weight, and lipids. For this analysis, we focused on the outcome HbA1c and its differences between experimental and control groups. A random effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled effect size of the various outcomes. Results: For this analysis, 35 RCTs were included (n=6467) . The participants were 61% Black and 65% female with a mean age of 56 years. Interventions included interdisciplinary T2D management, telehealth-based support, lifestyle focused programs, and peer support programs. There was a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c in the experimental group when compared to the control group (-0.17, 95% CI -0.28 to -0.06, p<0.01, I2=70%) .

Conclusion: This meta-analysis found non-pharmacologic interventions were effective in reducing HbA1c among Black persons to a small degree. Future research is needed to estimate the effects of the level of intervention (i.e. individual, community, societal, or multi-level) in reducing HbA1c among this population to inform future public health programming and policy.

Disclosure

F.Osman: None. C.Jiang: None. A.Deckard: None. W.Wan: n/a. J.Alexander: None. E.M.Staab: None. A.W.Rodriguez: None. R.Shetty: None. N.Laiteerapong: None.
928-P: Dysglycemia in Patients without Diabetes after Renal Transplantation
Authors: SEGGELKE STACEY A. , GRIFF MEGAN , HAWKINS R. MATTHEW , CRAWLEY SVITLANA , WANG CECILIA C. LOW
Published: May 2022

Background: Patients without a prior history of diabetes often experience post-operative hyperglycemia after undergoing renal transplantation. Hyperglycemia in the immediate post-transplant period has been associated with increased risk for infection, graft failure and hospital readmission.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all adult patients undergoing renal transplantation at a single tertiary referral center from January 1 - December 31, 2019.

Results: Of the 292 patients, 191 (65.2%) did not have a history of diabetes. Of these, 83 (43.5%) were female (mean ±SD age 46.3 ±14.7 years) while 1 (56.5%) were male (mean ±SD age 47.9 ±15.5 years) . The percentage of post-operative days (POD) while hospitalized with any hyperglycemia (≥180 mg/dL) was 55.5% (female 51.8%, male 58.3%) with the highest average blood glucose on POD1 among all patients. The mean±SD point of care (POC) glucose on POD0, 1, 2 and 3 was 123.4±31.5, 151.1±28.6, 139.8±29.7, and 117.4±28.9 mg/dL, respectively (n = 181, 145, 141, and 126 for respective days) . As compared with those without hyperglycemia, patients with any detected hyperglycemia up to POD5 had numerically higher percentage of hospital acquired infection (2.1% vs. 1%) , admission to the intensive care unit (7.9% vs. 3.7%) , and 30-day readmission (20.4% vs. 10.5%) . The percentage of post-operative days with POC glucose <70 mg/dl was 7.9% (female 8.4%, male 7.4%) .

Conclusions: Patients without a history of diabetes who undergo renal transplantation experience hyperglycemia during the majority of days while hospitalized peri-transplant. Further analysis is needed to determine optimal insulin dosing strategies to improve glycemic control in this population.

Disclosure

S.A.Seggelke: None. M.Griff: None. R.Hawkins: None. S.Crawley: None. C.C.Low wang: Employee; CPC Clinical Research, Research Support; CellResearch Corporation, Virta Health Corp.
931-P: Characteristics and Outcomes of DKA Admissions Before and During COVID-Pandemic
Authors: KANSARA ABHISHEK , NGUYEN DUC T. , YARLAGADDA SRI LAKSHMI L. , GRAVISS EDWARD , SADHU ARCHANA R.
Published: May 2022

Background: COVID-increases risk of DKA and poor outcomes in patients with diabetes.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 4,959 DKA admissions from 1/1/2019-12/31/2021 at our hospital system. EHR data was collected on consecutive admissions coded with DKA for clinical characteristics, hospital outcomes of length of stay (LOS) , 30day readmission (30d RADM) and mortality. Data was analyzed for differences stratified by year 20vs. 2020 and 2021, and by COVID-infection.

Results: Compared to 2019, patients in 2020 were older, more Hispanic and had CHF. Compared to 2019, patients in 2021 had less HTN and kidney disease but similar rates of CHF; Table 1. Mortality and LOS were higher for 2020 and 2021 while 30d RADM was lower; Table 2.

Conclusion: Despite advancements in COVID-treatments, DKA patients have progressively poorer outcomes.

Disclosure

A.Kansara: None. D.T.Nguyen: None. S.L.Yarlagadda: None. E.Graviss: None. A.R.Sadhu: Advisory Panel; Abbott Diagnostics.
952-P: The Relationship between Weight Loss and HbA1c in People with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: SHINDE SHRADDHA , THIEU VIVIAN , KWAN ANITA , HOUGHTON KATHERINE F. , SCHAPIRO DAVID , MEYERS JULIANA
Published: May 2022

Limited US real-world evidence exists on the effect of substantial changes in weight on HbA1c among people with T2D. People with T2D were identified from 2010-2018 in the IQVIA Ambulatory EMR database. The date of the first observed weight value was defined as the index date and patients were required to have an additional weight value at 1 year (±90 days) post-index date. Patients were stratified by weight change between index and 1 year post-index date. HbA1c was evaluated at index, 6 months, and 1 year post-index date. Of the 1,061,354 patients evaluated, 20.2% gained weight, 53.9% had no weight change, and 10.6% lost 3-5%, 10.7% lost 5-10%, 2.8% lost 10-15%, and 1.7% lost ≥15% of their weight at the index date (i.e., index weight) at 1 year of follow-up. Of note, patients with the largest weight loss had the highest index weight (range: 203.7lb in patients with weight gain to 245.9lb in patients with ≥15% weight loss) . Mean index HbA1c was similar across subgroups as was the percent of patients with index HbA1c <7.0%. At both 6 months and 1 year post-index date, patients with ≥15% weight loss had the largest reduction in HbA1c and the highest percent of patients with HbA1c <7.0%.

In summary, HbA1c reduction was greater with increasing amount of weight lost during the one year of follow-up. Patients with weight loss ≥15% reduced HbA1c by an average of 1.2% of the index value at 1 year of follow-up.

Disclosure

S.Shinde: None. V.Thieu: None. A.Kwan: Employee; Eli Lilly and Company, Stock/Shareholder; Eli Lilly and Company. K.F.Houghton: None. D.Schapiro: Employee; Eli Lilly and Company. J.Meyers: Other Relationship; Eli Lilly and Company.
96-LB: Safety of Glucose Regulation by the Bionic Pancreas without Continuous Glucose Monitoring Input
Authors: BALLIRO COURTNEY A.
Published: May 2022

The bionic pancreas (BP) continues to make all insulin dosing decisions autonomously when continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data is not available. Basal insulin is given based on a profile determined autonomously by the BP when CGM data was available. Meals are announced as Breakfast, Lunch, or Dinner and by relative size (Usual, Less, More) ; insulin dosing is based on adaptation that occurred when CGM data was available. Insulin may be delivered, or temporarily suspended, autonomously by the BP in response to entered blood glucose (BG) values. At the end of the 13-week Pivotal RCT of the BP in type 1 diabetes, participants in the BP group could participate in a study testing the BP without CGM input. Unblinded CGM was replaced by blinded CGM not connected to the BP for ∼49.5 hours. Participants were to enter fingerstick BG values every ∼2 hours during the day and once overnight. Adherence with BG entry requirements by the 54 participants (aged 7-70) was high. There was no severe hypoglycemia or DKA. The frequency of CGM-measured hypoglycemia was similar during the BG Period to the RCT and Pre-Randomization periods. Hyperglycemia metrics were nominally higher during the BG Period than the RCT, but nominally lower than the Pre-randomization Baseline period. The BP can autonomously determine all insulin doses and achieve safe glucose control without CGM input when intermittent BG values are provided by the user.

Disclosure

C. A. Balliro: Consultant; Beta Bionics, Inc., Zealand Pharma A/S.

Funding

Funding from National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (#1UC4DK108612-01) . Funding and bionic pancreas devices from Beta Bionics, Inc. Fast-acting insulin aspart and insulin aspart provided by Novo Nordisk Insulin lispro by Eli LillyBlood glucose meters and test strips (Contour Next One Blood Glucose Monitoring System) provided by Ascensia Diabetes Care, Basel, CH. Continuous glucose monitor sensors and transmitters were purchased from Dexcom, Inc. at a discounted price.
PROSES PENALARAN DAN PEMBUKTIAN MATEMATIS PESERTA DIDIK DITINJAU DARI PERBEDAAN KEMAMPUAN SPASIAL
Authors: Maulana Aris
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang membahas mengenai proses penalaran dan pembuktian peserta didik yang ditinjau dari perbedaan tingkat kemampuan spasial. Kemampuan penalaran yang dimiliki peserta didik sangat penting dalam membantu peserta didik untuk berfikir secara mendalam mengenai suatu permasalahan matematika baik soal rutin maupun non rutin. Dalam penelitian ini proses penalaran akan diteliti dengan melihat perbedaan kemampuan spasial yang diiliki peserta didik,  Penelitian ini berawal dari diberikannya permasalahan kepada peserta didik secara umum yakni sebanyak 32 peserta didik kelas VIII di MTs TMI Pujon. Kemudian diambil 2 peserta didik dengan kemampuan spasial yang tinggi, 2 peserta didik dengan kemampuan spasial yang sedang dan 2 peserta didik dengan tingkat kemampuan spasial yang rendah. Setelah didapat 6 subjek, kemudian dilakukan pemberian tes penalaran dalam materi persamaan garis lurus yang telah divalidasi oleh beberapa validator. Setelah pemberian soal tes penalaran, hasil pekerjaan peserta didik diidentifikasi dengan indikator penalaran. Proses identifikasi akan dilanjutkan dengan proses wawancara dengan peserta didik untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pembuktian matematis yang dimiliki peserta didik untuk memberikan alasan yang tepat untuk hasil pengerjaan peserta didik. Pada penarikan kesimpulan didapatkan bahwa peserta didik dengan kemampuan spasial yang tinggi akan mempengaruhi proses penalaran dan pembuktian matematis. Yakni peserta didik dengan kemampuan spasial yang tinggi memiliki proses penalaran dan pembuktian yang baik pada saat mengerjakan permasalahan mengenai materi persamaan garis lurus, begitupun dengan peserta didik yang memiliki tingkat kemampuan spasial yang sedang memiliki tingkat penalaran yang sedang pula. Sedangkan pada peserta didik yang memiliki tingkat kemampuan spasial yang rendah tidak terlihat proses penalaran dan pembuktian matematis saat mengerjakan permasalahan tersebut, juga saat melalui proses wawancara.Kata Kunci : Penalaran Matematis, Kemampuan spasial
Didáctica del graficado de funciones: el caso de las funciones piecewise
Authors: Sandoval-Hernández Mario. A. , Vázquez-Leal Héctor , Huerta-Chua Jesús , Castro-González Francisco J. , Filobello-Nino Uriel A.
Published: May 2022

En este artículo se presenta un método educativo que permite unir funciones elementales. Se propone graficar funciones tipo piecewise por medio de una función graficadora que utiliza ventanas. En este caso, la ventaja es que tanto docentes y alumnos que no dispongan de conocimientos de programación o de comandos especializados de graficación podrán visualizarlas en el salón de clases mediante un software matemático educativo. Igualmente, se presentan tres casos de estudio en donde se han obtenido buenos resultados.
NET BENEFITS OF USING ZAHIR ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE IN THE USER'S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ningtiyas Ayu , Indrayani Emmy
Published: May 2022

This research aims at examining and analyzing the effect of system quality, information, and services on user usage and satisfaction. Moreover, the user usage and satisfaction on net benefits provided by Zahir Accounting Software using the Delone and Mclean models. Then, the analysis of this research used SEM-PLS as the analytical tool. Furthermore, The selection of this research sample used purposive sampling on companies who used Zahir Accounting Software in Indonesia as many as 100 respondents. The method of collecting data was done by making an online questionnaire using Google Form. In conclusion, The results showed that the net benefits of using Zahir Accounting Software were influenced by user satisfaction, while user usage did not give any influence on it.
THE EFFECT OF OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE ON FINANCIAL DISTRESS: EVIDENCE IN INDONESIAN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES
Authors: Santoso Lintang , Nugrahanti Yeterina Widi
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of ownership structure on financial distress. The research method used in this study is quantitative methods and data collection techniques using purposive sampling. The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2020. This research uses the panel data regression analysis technique. From testing the estimation model, it was found that the Fixed Effect Model was the chosen estimator. The classic assumption test is problematic, so the mode is changed to the GLS panel. The results of this study are Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, and Foreign Ownership and have a negative influence on financial distress. The government Ownership variable does not affect financial distress.
FINANCIAL REPORTING MANIPULATION ON MINING COMPANIES IN INDONESIA: FRAUD DIAMOND THEORY APPROACH
Authors: Purwati Atiek Sri , Persada Yonathan Daya , Budianto Roni , Suyono Eko , Khotimah Sofiatul
Published: May 2022

Forensic accounting helps to discover fraud practices where the fraud diamond theory is one of the popular theories in this issue. It puts concerns on budget priorities, financial stability, inefficient monitoring, replacement of auditor and directors. As the dependent variable, financial statement manipulation funded by income control is used. The nine mining entities listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2017-2019 were chosen using the purposive sampling method, resulting in 27 observations. By using the multi-linear regression method, This study showed that financial targets and financial stability affect the occurrence of fraud in financial reports. Oppositely, insufficient monitoring, replacement of auditors and directors have no impact on the fraudulent reporting.
Some observations on the numerical solution of the Ottosen-Stenström-Ristinmaa high-cycle fatigue model
Authors: Kaleva Osmo , Orelma Heikki
Published: May 2022

Some years ago, Ottosen, Stenström and Ristinmaa introduced a high-cycle fatigue model based on the continuum approach. The model is formulated as a fully implicit differential equation and an ordinary differential equation.  The corresponding numerical solutions are compared. We demonstrate pitfalls in the process so that appliers are able to avoid these problems. Especially,we show that the results depend on the initial value of the evolution equation. We propose a method to choose such an initial value that the estimated Wöhler curve fits the measured data.
CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE. UTOPIA OR REALITY?
Authors: Chacón-Ortiz Andrés , Da Maia Luciano Carlos , Costa de Oliveira Antonio , Pegoraro Camila
Published: May 2022

Current estimates predict a world population growth of 9.6 billion by the year 2050, many of whom will live in countries already facing food insecurity. To feed this population, agricultural production will have to increase by approximately 50%, a difficult situation due to the effects of climate change. In order to achieve food production goals without putting the environment at risk, FAO, since 2009, has supported member countries in their initiatives to implement Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) that takes into account local and national specificities and priorities, to sustainably increase productivity and resilience, strengthen food security and mitigate damage from greenhouse gases (GHG). This literature review seeks to contribute to discussions on the recognition of the CSA concept, its applicability in agricultural systems and review advantages or disadvantages to face global climate change. In Brazil, there is growing concern, due to the country's high vulnerability and low development capacity to face environmental impacts. However, despite the attractiveness of the concept, specific criteria to guide the approaches and technologies to be used have not yet been defined.
Membentuk Karakter Religius Peserta Didik Melalui Metode Pembiasaan
Authors: Ahsanulkhaq Moh
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian yang hendak dicapai adalah untuk mendeskripsikan upaya guru PAI dalam membentuk karakter religius peserta didik melalui metode pembiasaan dan untuk mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor apa saja yang mendukung dan menghambat dalam pelaksanaan metode pembiasaan dalam membentuk karakter religius peserta didik di SMP Negeri 2 Bae Kudus tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru PAI dan peserta didik. Metode pengumpulan datanya menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif dengan langkah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya guru PAI dalam membentuk karakter religius melalui metode pembiasaan diantaranya berupa pembiasaan senyum, salam, dan salim (3S), pembiasaan hidup bersih dan sehat, pembiasaan membaca asmaul husna dan doa harian, pembiasaan bersikap jujur, pembiasaan memiliki sikap tanggungjawab, Pembiasaan bersikap disiplin, pembiasaan ibadah, dan pembiasaan literasi Al-Qur’an. Adapun faktor pendukung dalam membentuk karakter religius peserta didik diantaranya adanya dukungan dari orang tua, komitmen bersama warga sekolah, dan fasilitas yang memadai. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya diantaranya yaitu latar belakang peserta didik yang berbeda-beda, kurangnya kesadaran peserta didik, dan lingkungan atau Pergaulan peserta didik
Psychological features of regulation of activity and socio-psychological adaptation of managers with various levels of neuroticism.
Authors: Kosyanova Olena , Radchenko Olha
Published: May 2022

The article considers the research results of psychological features of regulation of activity and socio-psychological adaptation of managers with various levels of neuroticism. A hypothesis was put forward before starting work regarding the influence of neuroticism on the components of socio-psychological adaptation in people working in the field of management and their correlations. A common set of methods was chosen for the study: a method for diag-nosing socio-psychological adaptation (Diamond R. E., 2004), a method for diagnosing self-assessment of mental states (Eysenck H., 1963), a method for diagnosing the level of neuroticism (Wasserman L. I., 1987), a method for measuring rigidity (Eysenck H., 1965), a method for express diagnosis of neurosis (Hess H., Heck K., 1975). These methods made it possible to identify and quantify the level of neuroticism among respondents and the characteristics of their psycho-logical state, including the level of adaptation, self-acceptance, acceptance of other people, emotional comfort, internali-ty, the desire to dominate, anxiety, aggressiveness, frustration, rigidity, etc. It was found that the level of neuroticism really has an impact on the characteristics of socio-psychological adaptation and its components after analyzing and comparing the results. It was revealed that with an increase in the level of neuroticism, there is a deterioration in the psychological regulation of activity and socio-psychological adaptation of the individual. It can be seen from the re-search results that respondents with high neuroticism have an increased level of anxiety, frustration, aggression and rigidity, as well as tension and difficulty in adapting. Such people do not fully accept themselves and others, have a worse level of emotional comfort, they have an increased level of desire to dominate; they more often attribute responsibility for the results of their activities or the situation around them to other circumstances or a “decision” of fate. Respondents with a low level of neuroticism have the best indicators of psychological regulation of their activities and socio-psychological adaptation.
Organizational and content conditions of struggle against domestic violence against women.
Authors: Rutian Lesia
Published: May 2022

Diagnostic analysis of domestic violence against women showed that this problem should be considered as a sci-entific concept. The attitude of society representatives to the manifestations of domestic violence against women was revealed. Their awareness of the essential characteristics of the studied phenomenon is described; availability of moti-vation to struggle against domestic violence; the real state of formation of professional knowledge and skills, ways to prevent domestic violence against women. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the organizational and substan-tive conditions for the prevention of domestic violence against women (informational and explanatory social and psy-chological work with perpetrators; interdepartmental interaction in socio-psychological work with victims of domestic violence; actualization of legal competence of victims of domestic violence through non-formal education). The struc-ture of socio-pedagogical prevention of domestic violence against women is determined, which consists of components such as: organizational, procedural, rehabilitation; criteria (managerial, activity, preventive) and indicators (organiza-tional component: detection of an act of violence, notification to law enforcement agencies, notification to the Depart-ment of Labor and Social Protection, decision-making on further work; procedural component: first aid, referral of vic-tims to qualification services, work with offenders, rehabilitation component: the formation of legal competence, the formation of reflection, work with a psychologist / a social worker) socio-pedagogical prevention of domestic violence against women. The methodological basis of the study are methods that have been selected to know a woman's own self; which allowed women to find out the level of their motivation, awareness, literacy in order to form in them the goal of eliminating domestic violence against women. It should be noted that the questionnaire guaranteed complete confidentiality to the respondents, which allowed women to have less pain and to answer the proposed questions hon-estly. It was concluded that interdepartmental cooperation of all institutions is necessary for the systematic prevention of domestic violence against women. Effective interdepartmental interaction aims to solve the problem of violence against women more effectively; it is one of the main functions of this mechanism. All institutions of interdepartmental interaction (i.e. local communities at all levels) must maintain effective coordination with each other. It is the coordination of actions that becomes the basis for reflecting more effective interdepartmental interaction. The use of public insti-tutions of general information will help to create clear and effective criteria for monitoring and assessing the state of work of public institutions in the fight against domestic violence against women.
Validation of Korean Version of Comprehensive Meaningful Work Scale
Authors: Park Yonguk , Seol Jeong Hoon , Choi Jinsoo , Lee Hyejoo , Sohn Young Woo
Published: May 2022

Despite the steadily increasing social and academic interest in work meaningfulness, access to this concept as a psychological construct remains insufficient. This study aimed to provide reliable and valid measurement of work meaningfulness for Korean employees by adapting the CMWS, a scale developed by Lips-Wiersma and Wright(2012), into Korean. To verify its validity, data for 516 full-time Korean employees were randomly divided into two groups, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. The analyses confirmed that the K-CMWS is a seven-factor structural model as shown in the original scale development study. In addition, by using the entire sample, the relationship between the CMWS and major variables related to work and life domains was verified for convergent and criterion validity. Finally, as a result of performing hierarchical regression analysis to verify the incremental validity of the CMWS for major job and organization-related outcome variables. The CMWS confirmed a significant incremental explanatory amount even while controlling for the existing work meaningfulness scales.
Electrocardiographic markers of ventricular repolarization in the obese population: A descriptive review
Authors: Topp-Zielińska Aleksandra , Szołkiewicz Marek
Published: May 2022

Obesity is a global epidemiological problem that significantly contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. It is a proven factor for an increased risk of overall mortality and the occurrence of sudden cardiac death (SCD). The disease is accompanied by a structural and functional myocardium remodeling, which often results in ventricular repolarization abnormalities and contributes to the triggering of life-threatening arrhythmias. This heightened state of readiness for proarrhythmia is the cause of the sudden cardiac deaths which are recorded in this group of patients and which often constitute the first manifestation of ongoing cardiac pathology. One of the reasons for these arrhythmias may be abnormalities of ventricular muscle repolarization. In this descriptive review, we demonstrate electrocardiographic markers of ventricular repolarization (J point, QT/QTc/QTc-d, JT/JTc/JTc-d, ST segment, T wave and Tp-e/Tp-ed/Tp-e/QT), analyze their abnormalities in the obese population, and discuss their changes after weight loss.
Phenotypic Correlations Between Egg Quality Traits Amid the Laying Phase of Broiler Breeder Hens
Authors: Vekić Marinko , Savić Đorđe , Jotanović Stoja
Published: May 2022

In order to determine phenotypic correlations between the quality traits of eggs from 41-week-old broiler breeder hens (Cobb 500), a total of 105 eggs suitable for incubation were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The average values of egg weight, egg length, egg width, egg shape index, shell thickness, shell weight, and shell ratio were 66.90 g, 60.00 mm, 44.81 mm, 74.70%, 0.37 mm, 6.07 g, and 9.07%, respectively. Moreover, the average values of yolk weight, albumen weight, yolk ratio, albumen ratio, Haugh units, yolk index, and yolk-to-albumen ratio were 20.04 g, 40.80 g, 29.97%, 60.95%, 82.12, 46.17%, and 0.49, respectively. A significant positive correlation (p < 0.01) was found between the egg weight and the egg length (0.75), egg width (0.80), shell (0.55), yolk (0.60), albumen weight (0.91), and albumen ratio (0.25). However, a significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) was found between the egg weight and both the yolk ratio (-0.20) and yolk-to-albumen ratio (-0.23). The egg shape index proved not to be significantly correlated with any of the internal egg quality traits considered. The shell thickness was in a significant positive correlation (p < 0.01) with the shell weight (0.83) and ratio (0.86), whereas a significant negative correlation (p < 0.05) was found between the shell thickness and yolk ratio (-0.23). The Haugh units were in a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) with the albumen ratio (0.24) and yolk index (0.27), whereas a significant negative correlation (p<0.05) was found between the Haugh units and both the yolk ratio (-0.22) and yolk-to-albumen ratio (-0.23). The results obtained confirm significant phenotypic correlations not only between egg weight and the egg quality traits considered, but also between a number of external and internal quality traits of broiler hatching eggs.
Credit Rating of Agricultural and Food Companies in Vojvodina
Authors: Milić Dragan , Tekić Dragana , Novaković Tihomir , Zekić Vladislav , Popov Milana , Mihajlov Zlata
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine different methods of creditworthiness assessment and bankruptcy prediction in the case of agricultural and food companies in Vojvodina, Serbia. The analysis performed was based on the 2015–2019 financial reports of micro-sized, small-sized and medium-sized agricultural and food companies considered. A total of two models were applied in this study: the Altman’s Z’-score model and the Kralicek’s Quick test. The Altman’s Z’-score model results obtained indicate that the micro-sized agricultural companies were at greater risk of bankruptcy, whereas the small- and medium-sized companies were found stable. However, the Kralicek’s Quick test results obtained show that all the agricultural companies considered had good financial stability and solid businesses. The Altman’s Z’-score model results obtained for the food companies considered indicate that the micro- and small-sized food companies were endangered, whereas the medium-sized food companies were not at risk of bankruptcy. Moreover, the Kralicek’s Quick test results obtained show that all the food companies considered operated successfully with no risk of bankruptcy.
Micronutrient Content, Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks in Forested and Deforested Sites
Authors: Ammal Abukari
Published: May 2022

The research examines micronutrient contents, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks of forested and deforested sites at Bobiri forest reserve in the Ashanti region, Ghana. Each site had 12 soil profiles excavated, six of which were from natural forest areas and six were from deforested areas. The samples were taken at 0-15 cm, 15-50 cm and 50-80 cm depths and repeated thrice. The contents of DTPA-extractable micronutrients in the forested sites were higher than in the deforested sites at all soil depths. There were significant differences between the forested and deforested sites. The soils at 0-15 cm depth in the forested sites showed improved micronutrient contents, which largely declined with the soil depth. At the same time, there was no consistent pattern of distribution in the deforested soil. According to the findings, all three depths and sites tested had enough extractable Fe, Mn and Cu, however only 15-50 cm depth of forested and deforested sites had sufficient Zn. All the soil depths except 50–80 cm showed significant differences in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in the forested sites compared to the deforested sites. The forested sites had the largest amount of total soil organic carbon stocks (365 Mg ha−1), whereas the deforested sites had the lowest amount (181 Mg ha−1). It was found that micronutrient content and distribution in the soils at the research sites were influenced by organic matter, clay and soil pH.
Incidence of Grapevine Fanleaf Virus (GFLV) and Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Viruses (GLRaV 1−3) in Vojvodina Province
Authors: Bagi Ferenc , Barać Goran , Iličić Renata , Savić Zagorka , Starovlah Milica , Konstantin Đina , Popović Tatjana
Published: May 2022

During May and June of 2021, a total of 123 grapevine leaf samples were collected and analyzed for infection by grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and three viruses from the grapevine leafroll-associated virus complex -1, -2 and -3 (GRLaV-1, GRLaV-2 and GRLaV-3, respectively). The samples were collected from commercial vineyards, small backyard vineyards and grapevine nurseries located across the entire Vojvodina Province (Bačka, Banat and Srem). OEPP/EPPO sampling protocols were followed during the sampling of leaf tissues showing possible virus infection symptoms. Among the 123 samples, 47 were collected from Bačka region (Bačko Gradište − 11, Bečej − 10, Temerin − 15, Vrbas − 1, Hajdukovo − 10), 50 from Banat region (Srpska Crnja − 10, Vojvode Stepe − 10, Čoka − 10, Uljma −20) and 26 from Srem region (Šid − 6, Banoštor − 10, Sremski Karlovci − 10) and serological ELISA tests were performed for virus detection. GFLV was detected in five samples (4.06%), GLRaV-1 was detected in six samples (4.87%), while GLRaV-2 was not detected in any of the analyzed grapevine samples. GLRaV-3 was present in five samples (4.06%). When infection rates were examined in relation to cultivars, GFLV was detected in Cardinal, Zalagyöngye, Black Muscat, Italian Riesling and Dornfelder. GRLaV-1 was detected in cultivars Cardinal, Black Muscat, Italian Riesling and Merlot, and GRLaV-3 in cultivars Othello and Italian Riesling. Based on these results, it can be concluded that GFLV and GRLaV-1 and GRLaV-3 are present in vineyards across Vojvodina Province and affect different grapevine cultivars. To effectively control virus infections and their spreading, continuous monitoring of these viruses and their vectors is required along with the planting of healthy propagation material.
The Quality of Roe Deer (Capreolus Capreolus) Diet in the Winter and Spring Periods Based on Rumen Contents
Authors: Beuković Dejan , Obranović Igor , Vukadinović Marko , Popović Zoran , Horvatović Miroslava Polovinski , Lavadinović Vukan , Beuković Miloš
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to compare the specifics of winter and spring diets of the roe deer using rumen content analysis. A chemical analysis was performed on a total of 13 samples of roe deer rumen contents: 7 samples of winter diet rumen contents and 6 samples of spring diet rumen contents. The following parameters were examined in this study: the level of crude protein and the content of fiber (NDF, ADF and ADL). The results obtained were processed by descriptive statistics and compared using F-tests. Consequently, certain deviations in the quality of roe deer nutrition were found in both winter and spring periods of the year. A lack of protein and energy can pose significant problems to roe deer, especially in the cooler periods of the year. Approximately a total of 17MJ/day is the maximum assumed energy required for animals kept in enclosure. The need for crude protein varies from 30.8% to 34.4% DM. This problem can be tackled if roe deer are adequately fed with quality bulky and concentrated feed, despite the fact that the animals adapt metabolically to seasonal variations.
Evolutive Pattern of Major Depressive Disorder among Young Patients
Authors: Sălcudean Andreea , Strete Elena-Gabriela , Kiss Monica , Pașca Maria-Dorina , Bodo Cristina-Raluca , Cozma Maria-Melania , Nan Andreea-Georgiana , Cosma Marius-Cătălin , Teslaru Răzvan-Andrei
Published: May 2022

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) in young patients represents a real public health problem, with a concerning increase in its prevalence. Aim of the study: To observe and to document relevant information regarding the particularities and the evolutive clinical patterns of MDD in young patients (18–50 years). Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study on 68 patients diagnosed with MDD, aged 18–50 years, admitted to the First Department of Psychiatry of the Clinical County Hospital of Târgu Mureș, Romania between January 1, 2019 and September 30, 2020. Data regarding the patients’ psychiatric evaluation (primary and secondary diagnosis, relapses, associated personality disorders, autolytic attempts, treatment options, evolution, comorbidities) and psychological evaluation (HAM-D, HAM-A, GAF) were analyzed. Results: The highest prevalence of MDD was found in the 41–50 years age group (66%), followed by the 31–40 years age group (24%). Regarding the GAF and HAM-D scales, 90% of patients had scores in the range of 41–50 and >20 respectively. We found a high prevalence of personality disorders (75%), the most common being borderline personality disorder (27%). Younger patients (18–35 years) tended to recover quicker, with an average of 8.15 hospitalization days compared to older patients (36–50 years) who had an average of 12 days. Relapses were present in 55% of cases, being more frequent in women, and there was a 50% rate of relapse in subjects with no social support network. Autolytic attempts were present in 25% of cases and insomnia in 92%. Conclusions: MDD has a major impact on the patients’ global functionality and their quality of life. In our study, women were more vulnerable to develop MDD, while younger adults were less prone to develop MDD and they recovered more quickly.