bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“No queremos ser heroínas, simplemente iguales”: Configuración de la imagen social de la mujer y estereotipos en eslóganes y carteles de la campaña del 8-M de ayuntamientos andaluces
Authors: Bernal María
Published: March 2023

El fomento de la igualdad y la lucha contra la discriminación de las personas es crucial en una sociedad democrática por concernir a todos los ciudadanos en los diferentes entornos de la vida cotidiana. En este trabajo, nos centramos en las campañas promovidas por ayuntamientos andaluces con motivo del Día Internacional de la Mujer (8 de marzo), para dilucidar posibles estereotipos en la presentación de la imagen de la mujer (face, cf. Goffman, 1967) en tales campañas a través de carteles y eslóganes. Como marco teórico, se tendrán en cuenta los imaginarios sociodiscursivos (Charaudeau, 2005) a modo de espejo identitario en la construcción de objetos emblemáticos como son los eslóganes, posters, y que cumplen un rol de manifiesto, de reivindicación. Lo discursivo, como texto multimodal, atiende al mensaje escrito y a la información visual; ambos aspectos contribuyen a una resignificación del mensaje como microevento comunicativo (van Leeuwen, 2004). Siguiendo los lineamientos del Análisis Social del Discurso (Bravo, 2015) aplicado al discurso institucional (Alcaide Lara, 2019, 2022), presentamos en este trabajo un análisis lingüístico-semiótico, de carácter cualitativo, en un corpus de pósters y eslóganes cuyos resultados apuntan a la presentación de la imagen de la mujer según ciertos rasgos físicos, así como a la existencia de estereotipos especialmente vinculados a la familia y la conciliación compartida, la educación o el desempeño laboral.
La imagen de las mujeres en las campañas institucionales del Instituto Andaluz de la Mujer en redes sociales
Authors: Pano Alamán Ana
Published: March 2023

El Instituto Andaluz de la Mujer (IAM), dependiente de la Junta de Andalucía, cuenta con un perfil propio en Twitter y Facebook. A través de estas plataformas, difunde información y lanza campañas, entre otros objetivos, para alcanzar la igualdad entre mujeres y hombres o para combatir la violencia de género. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un análisis cualitativo de un corpus de tuits y publicaciones relativos a las campañas del 25 de noviembre de 2021 (Día internacional de la eliminación de la violencia contra la mujer) y del 8 de marzo de 2022 (Día internacional de la mujer). El objetivo, que sigue los planteamientos del Análisis social del discurso y de la relación entre Argumentación e imagen social en el discurso institucional, es determinar cómo se presentan los actores sociales del discurso (IAM, mujer andaluza, entorno de la mujer) a través de la deixis personal, la selección léxica y los elementos multimodales de los mensajes, y ver qué efectos tienen estas estrategias discursivas en su imagen social. Si bien el IAM busca realzar su imagen positiva como institución que facilita y promueve la acción contra la violencia y que celebra el progreso profesional de la mujer andaluza, su discurso acaba manteniendo algunos de los rasgos estigmatizados ligados a la mujer a la que pretende ayudar, produciendo efectos de descortesía hacia esta.
RELIGIOUS ETHICS AS A RELIGIO-PHILOSOPHICAL PHENOMENON: AN ATTEMPT AT PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION
Authors:   Bogdan Khmelnysky Melitopol State Pedagogical University, Ukraine, MESHTANOV Andrii
Published: March 2023

The article is concerned with researching of the philosophical-religious phenomenon of religious ethics. Relevance of the study is determined by the number of difficulties with definition of the concept “religious ethics”, ambiguity of interpretation of this concept in modern religious movement, in social humanitarian sciences, and in theology. The relevance to the study is also provided since there is a need to find an understanding between different ethical paradigms in the conditions of globalization of the world, and for this purpose it is necessary to understand the essence and specificity of religious ethics, that even within a single religious paradigm in different communities may have some differences: different interpretations, priorities, and accents. The author points to several problems which make understanding of the essence of religious ethics more complicated; tries to combine different definitions of this concept and reveal the specificity of religious ethics. In the article the author also draws attention to ideas of H. Skovoroda, which are related to the topic of the research. Philosophical and methodological basis of the work made anthropological, axiological, dialogical, and phenomenal approaches, and a world-view interpretation of known philosophical, religious, theophilosophical concepts and experience of the existential interaction of subjects of different religious cultures. At the level of general scientific and specifically scientific methodology methods of structural and functional analysis, theoretical reconstruction, content-analysis, and certain cognitive procedures are used. The above methods allowed to update interest in the study of the concept "religious ethics"; to identify a number of problems, which make understanding of this concept difficult; to identify, summarize, organize, and integrate definitions, which are found in modern scientific publications; to show the specificity of religious ethics on the example of Christian ethics.
Lawmaking in the Context of the Theory of Correlation between Subjects of Constitutional Law
Authors: Vasiliev S. A.
Published: March 2023

The paper is devoted to issues related to the analysis of lawmaking and law enforcement activities in the context of the theory of correlation between subjects of constitutional law developed by the author of this study. Based on the standings of reputable researchers, the author systematically proves the thesis that the entire law-making process at any level must be based on the real needs of the society based on the relations between subjects that already exist. The author considers it impractical and ineffective to change established ties by creating new documents and applying organizational measures on the part of the public authorities. Working for the federal executive authority, the author faced with the fact that creating new rules of conduct is planned in advance, and after a certain period of time a relevant report is issued. A planned nature of rulemaking also seems to be a vicious practice, since it generates unnecessary requirements and norms for persons on a daily basis engaged in certain activities the stability of which only increases its effectiveness. In addition, a well-established strict positivist approach to the implementation of legislation has positive sides and allows ensuring legality and law and order, but citizens should have at their disposal tools to influence legal acts in the event that the current norms do not work or do not work as initially intended. The paper provides the reader with some suggestions with regard to the issues under consideration.
Actual Problems of Imposing Administrative Responsibility for Advertising Services for Preparation and Writing Research Papers Provided for by the State Scientific Certification System
Authors: Kiselev A. S. , Ledashchev S. V. , Petrov A. M.
Published: March 2023

The paper examines actual problems concerning administrative responsibility for advertising services in the field of preparation and writing papers provided for by the state scientific certification system In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of organizations engaged in illegal preparation of term (year) papers and theses, research articles and Cand. Sci. dissertations. Unfortunately, as practice shows, territorial bodies of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation (FAS territorial bodies) do not always identify the elements of the crime in the activities of such organizations.

FAS territorial bodies refer to the lack of a high level of experts in the field, difficulties associated with conducting linguistic forensic expertise mandatory for fixing and detecting hidden advertising, the lack of a well-developed mechanism for bringing to administrative responsibility. The authors propose measures necessary to eliminate these problems and improve the work of law enforcement agencies.

In particular, the authors are convinced that in a separate letter, the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation should oblige its territorial authorities to identify elements of illegal advertising during their inspections aimed at checking compliance with the Federal Law on Advertising and to bring to administrative responsibility citizens, officials and legal entities advertising services for writing scientific papers. The police bodies, as well as the Federal Tax Service agencies should also be involved in this work, and they should be given the appropriate powers.

It is advisable for the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation to instruct subordinate prosecutor’s offices of constituent entities, cities, districts to carry out monitoring regarding situations when antimonopoly authorities impose or fail to impose administrative responsibility on citizens, officials and legal entities for advertising services for writing papers provided for by the state system of scientific certification.

To identify signs of veiled advertising, it is proposed to use clarifications of the Presidium of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation, according to which courts can take into account information that consumers associate with goods in circulation. In relation to the problem of advertising services for the implementation and writing of scientific papers, antimonopoly authorities can use the data of sociological surveys of students and teachers and the conclusions of linguistic expertise.
Legal Regulation of Relations in Parallel Imports. The Experience of Eurasian Region States
Authors: Ivliev G. P. , Shakhnazarov B. A.
Published: March 2023

Parallel imports as a tool for the international trade development and better availability of goods in different countries and in some sense an instrument of international competition, give rise to a number of legal issues, the solution of which depends on the stability of trade relations, availability of goods in the markets of different states, compliance with the intellectual rights of copyright holders. The authors analyze legal approaches to parallel import and the problem of exhaustion of rights in the states of the Eurasian region using Russia, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and the EAEU as case studies. It is noted that there is no normative consolidation of the concept of «parallel import» at the level of international level. There are no international legal grounds allowing the right holder to prevent introduction of the international principle of exhaustion of rights in full in a particular State. The standards of significant difference in the implementation of the international principle of exhaustion of rights seem permissible for regulatory consolidation only in cases where significantly different goods are distributed by the rightholder in at least two States and have ever been imported by the rightholder or with his consent for distribution to the State introducing parallel imports. Even in this case, introduction of the standards of significant difference remains at the discretion of the State introducing the international principle of exhaustion of rights.

The regional principle of exhaustion of exclusive rights within the EAEU, can serve as an important mechanism for completing the markets of goods and services in the EAEU member states, filling in the missing goods on the market of the EAEU member states, increasing competition and optimizing prices for goods in the region At the same time, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of using the international principle of exhaustion of exclusive rights, clearly establishing the list of goods (trademarks) subject to its operation.
Constitutional Legal Relations Constructs in the Law of Germany, Great Britain and France
Authors: Lungu E. V.
Published: March 2023

The science of constitutional law lacks universal theoretical approach to constitutional legal relations; each state independently determines the goals, object and subject of constitutional legal relations. At the same time, the same subjects in different conditions existing in different national legal systems can act as objects and subjects of legal relations. The constitutional legal relations constructs under consideration do not consider a nation as an equal participant in these legal relations. Their role in all of the presented constructs is limited both in terms of the circle of persons and the possibilities to enter into constitutional legal relations as a subject. It can be argued that, despite the difference in approaches to the object and subject composition of legal relations, in Germany, Great Britain and France, such legal relations between public authorities can exist only in a normally developing state (a state that is not under pressure from any crisis or epidemic).

The author draws her conclusion based on an analysis of the basic constructs of legal relations, which in Russian legal science are usually referred to as constitutional legal relations. The author’s choice of constructs developed in Germany, Great Britain and France is due to the wide spread in the world of scientific views formed within the framework of the national scientific schools of these states, as well as the influence of the philosophy of law of Germany and France on the formation of constitutional legal relations in Russia.

The author pays special attention to the prevalence of Karl Schmitt’s views on the formation of constitutional legal relations in Europe and North America in terms of intolerance of dissent, the assumption of constitutional dictatorship, the strengthening of executive power at the expense of the legislature.
Some Ethical and Legal Challenges in Effective Long-Term Care System Development
Authors: Dzgoeva F. O.
Published: March 2023

The Russian social protection system of recent years has been characterized by the chaotic nature of the ongoing reforms, which sometimes have the main task of solving momentary economic problems. An increase in the level of social benefits or the introduction of new ones occurs, as a rule, for the most active and dissatisfied part of the population. Thus, in 2019, under the influence of public associations of parents of disabled children, the compensation payment for this category of citizens was increased to 10,000 rubles, while the payment to caregivers for other categories of people in need (for example, elderly relatives) remained at the level of 1,200 rubles per month.

The obvious lack of general principles for the provision of state aid based on ethical norms understandable to society causes discontent and distrust of the population. The paper attempts to point out the inconsistency of legislation with moral and ethical standards in the field of long-term care, identify shortcomings and develop some proposals for improving the current legislation.

The author suggests the following: 1) to support the idea implemented in pilot projects of a number of subjects of the Russian Federation to endow persons caring for relatives with the status of social workers; 2) to raise the amount of payments to unemployed able-bodied caregivers to the minimum wage, since compensation payments by their nature are designed to replace missing earnings; 3) to eliminate unjustified differentiation of payments depending on the status of persons in need of care; 4) to provide for the possibility of working on a part-time basis when providing care, setting fair limits taking into account the amount of compensation payments and income received, etc.
Acts of the President of the Russian Federation in the Budgetary Sphere
Authors: Bochkareva E. A.
Published: March 2023

The paper provides the results of the analysis of the acts of the President of the Russian Federation, namely: decrees, orders, annual messages, affecting the budgetary issues. Presidential decrees have been systematized depending on the regulation of relations developing regarding budget expenditures and budget revenues, budget balance, budget structure and budget system, inter-budgetary relations, budgeting process. Depending on the degree of certainty of the addressee (addressees) the author examines decrees-instructions to specific state authorities, as well as decrees addressed to an indefinite circle of persons. The paper classifies Presidential Orders depending on their functional purpose and subject of regulation. In budget law, the Orders of the President of the Russian Federation perform the function of a regulator of material and procedural relations. Firstly, they formalize Instructions of the President of the Russian Federation to the Government of the Russian Federation at the stage of drafting the budget, and, secondly, they establish the spending objectives of the Reserve Fund and other budget allocations intended for financial support of the powers of the Head of State. By means of Orders, the composition of participants of the budgeting process can be specified, and the Orders themselves formalize the participation of the President of the Russian Federation in budget planning, making him a «co-author» of the budget law. The opinion is substantiated concerning inclusion of the annual Message of the President of the Russian Federation, fixing the goals and forecasting the socio-economic development of the state, in the system of sources of budget law. The author opines that adoption of acts by the Head of State in the budgetary sphere makes it possible to promptly regulate relevant public relations and determines the vectors of its development, ensuring stability of the system of public power and State integrity.
The Use of Restricted Access Information Stored in State Information Systems: Legal Regulation of Providing Information to Third Parties
Authors: Izhaev O. A. , Kuteynikov D. L.
Published: March 2023

The paper is devoted to the study of the legal regulation of the procedure envisaged for providing restricted access information stored in state information systems (SIS). The paper provides an overview of the formation and development of legislation regulating public relations in the field of the SIS operating. Reviewing allowed the authors to follow the process of developing an approach to the procedure of providing the above mentioned information from the moment when the SIS started their operation. The paper examines the procedure for providing restricted access information from individual SIS operating in different spheres of state activities. A comparative legal analysis of normative regulation has been carried out in terms of issues related to the transfer of restricted access information. Based on the study, it was concluded that the legislation provides for the transfer of limited information from SIS exclusively to a closed list of subjects at no charge. The paper argues that the amendments introduced in 2018 and 2022 for the possibility of performing the functions of a SIS operator by commercial organizations under a concession agreement or a public-private partnership agreement have not resulted in a revision of the established approach prohibiting monetization of access to restricted access information stored in the SIS and the transfer of such information to third parties. The paper concludes that such an approach seems optimal, since obtaining restricted access information from the SIS by third parties may lead to violation of the trade secret regime, reasonable expectations and equality of rights of business participants, incur damage to their commercial interests, restriction of competition and violation of human rights and state interests.
Criminal Policy and Criminal Law in a Strong State
Authors: Pudovochkin Yu. E. , Babaev M. M.
Published: March 2023

The modern Russian society is transforming largely in the context of the implementation of the idea of a strong state. The uncertainty and ambivalence of this idea, which in various interpretations focuses on expanding the sphere of state participation in public space or on the effectiveness of state administration, allows the state to independently determine the vector of state building. In Russia, as follows from the public statements of the political leadership and current practice, the specifics of a strong state involve an increase in the sphere of influence of the state, an increase in its power, and the protection of conservative values and sovereignty. Each of these components requires adequate criminal and legal support, including the criminalization of socially dangerous attacks. An analysis of legislative practice shows that in the total array of new offenses introduced into the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation since 2000 more than 40% provided support for the construction of a strong state. It is fair to consider this practice as a reflection of a very specific and poorly studied concept of the criminal policy of a strong state in science. Such a policy focuses on the expansion of the sphere of state presence in the social space, the use of criminal law means primarily protect state interests, which consist in ensuring the stable (unchanged) functioning of a strong vertical of power in a consolidated society, including through the norms of criminal law, based on conservative patriarchal values. At the same time, it carries the potential risks of total state control and a reduction in the scale of freedom, which requires mandatory consideration and reflection in the criminal and political science discourse.
Joseph Afroimovich Sterin
Authors: Napalkova Svetlana M. , Okovityi Sergey V. , Veselova Olga F. , Perelygin Vladimir V. , Dyomina Ksenia V.
Published: March 2023

The article, based on unpublished sources from the Central State Archive of St. Petersburg, shows the main milestones of the life and scientific achievements of Joseph Afroimovich Sterin, who headed the Department of Pharmacology at the Leningrad Pharmaceutical Institute from 1946 to 1951 (currently St. Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University). I.A. Sterin began his scientific activity in 1926 and did not stop it even during the Great Patriotic War. From August 1941 to April 1942, I.A. Sterin was assigned the duties of the head of the Department of Pharmacology of the 2nd LMI. After evacuation from the university in 1941 to Pyatigorsk, he headed the Department of Pharmacology at the Pyatigorsk Medical Institute, and since 1942 at the newly formed Krasnoyarsk Medical Institute. After returning from evacuation, since 1946, I.A. Sterin was confirmed as the head of the Department of Pharmacology of the Leningrad Pharmaceutical Institute, which he headed until 1951.
In 1945, Joseph Afroimovich Sterin defended his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences. I.A.Sterins scientific research was aimed at studying the mechanisms of muscle fatigue, developing the correction of methemoglobinemia, and evaluating the pharmacological activity of medicinal plants in Siberia. Part of the work carried out under his leadership was devoted to the pharmacological study of plants, in particular their antispasmodic and hypotensive effects, as well as the search for new antithyroid drugs the relationship between the chemical structure of the substance and its pharmacological action was clarified.
The life path of Joseph Afroimovich Sterin is a wonderful example of endless dedication, courage, dedication, professional and civic responsibility.
Latest technologies of diagnostics and treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system
Authors: Tyukavin Alexander I. , Solomennikov Alexander V. , Umarov Sergei Z.
Published: March 2023

This lesson outlines the latest data on bone structure and physiology, as well as those related to the mechanisms of bone development and regeneration. The most common diseases of musculoskeletal system are caused by genetic and metabolic disorders, infectious agents, andmechanical stress, all of which are discussed. Innovative technologies for diagnosing osteoporosis (X-ray absorptiometry, quantitative computed tomography (QCT), ultrasonic bone densitometry, etc.) are shown. The joints diseases (arthropathies) followed by inflammation are highlighted. The basic principles of conservative and surgical treatment of arthrosis are explored. Different types of bone injuries caused by mechanical stress are thoroughly described as well as the latest technologies and equipment used in modern trauma centers. Basic orthopedic aids for disabled patients are listed. The main directions for improving the diagnosis and conservative treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, as well as methods for prosthetics of large joints are described.
Cryogenic technologies of exposure on human body tissues
Authors: Butorina Antonina V.
Published: March 2023

Various types of physical laser, electromagnetic and cryogenic exposures on living tissues and human organs are used to suppress pathology or for destruction. The use of physical exposures is most often empirical. Nevertheless, experience confirms the promise of their use, and at the same time points to the need to study the characteristics of living tissues and the development of complex technologies for the application of physical effects. The paper describes the experience of their application in practice. They have a number of advantages over traditional methods of treatment, which include painlessness, absence of bleeding and a general noticeable reaction of the body, and a high functional effect. Local cryoablation using hand-held portable cryosurgical devices using liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant (minus 196C) is a practically applicable method for treating simple hemangiomas and allows obtaining good functional and cosmetic results. All types of simple small hemangiomas of any localization are subject to treatment, regardless of the age of the child. The presented method makes it possible to completely or partially refuse complex surgical interventions, especially when placing small hemangiomas on the face, neck, ear area, and also to obtain good results (98%). Preliminary microwave irradiation and the use of a laser make it possible to increase the possibilities of cryotherapy by 4-6 times along the depth of the hemangioma compared to simple cryoablation. This method retains all the useful features of cryoablation. It is promising for the treatment of cavernous and combined hemangiomas, which have a pronounced subcutaneous part and often complex localization. This approach is potentially useful in other cryogenic applications.
Using a heat pipe as a waste air heat exchanger in a central air conditioner.
Authors: Timashpolskiy Sevastian M/ , Zharov Anton A. , Timashpolskiy Ian M. , Borisenko Artem V. , Valiakina Anna V.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this work is to analyze the literature on heat pipes to make a decision on the feasibility of using this type of heat exchanger in air conditioning systems. The article describes the principle of operation and design of the heat pipe, provides various ways to return condensate, and also describes in detail its thermodynamic cycle. Considerable attention is paid to various wick structures and working fluids. The following are the restrictions on heat transfer of heat pipes that affect the performance of the heat exchanger. Design recommendations found in the scientific literature and on the websites of manufacturing companies are also described. The diagrams of the heat pipe designs used in central air conditioners and in AC system are given. An example of an installation using heat pipes as a waste air heat exchanger in a central air conditioner is shown. Further, the efficiency and thermal power of various methods of heat recovery are compared with the same initial parameters of the flow rate and temperatures of outdoor, exhaust air. In conclusion, the conclusion is made about the advantages of using heat pipes in AC system for heat recovery. The reason for the rare use of this heat exchanger is also explained. The result of comparing different methods of heat recovery and the answer to the question about the prospects of using a heat pipe in the AC system is given. Recommendations are given on the direction of further research in this topic.
Desempenho de Cordeiros Desmamados Alimentados com Dieta Contendo Levedura Autóctone do Ambiente Ruminal
Authors: Soares Martins Júnior Valdo , Eduardo Silva Freitas Cláudio , Felipe Ferreira dos Santos André , Francine Xavier Santos Lavínia , Castro Geraseev Luciana , Robson Duarte Eduardo , Soares de Lima Luciano , Dos Santos Magaço Fernando , Lúcia Albuquerque Pereira Mara
Published: March 2023

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho da adição de uma cepa de levedura isolada do líquido ruminal de ovino hígido na dieta de cordeiros desmamados e alimentados com feno de Urochloa decumbens. No estudo, foram utilizados doze cordeiros, Santa Inês x Dorper, recém-desmamados. Os animais passaram por um período de adaptação referente às instalações (15 dias) e por dois períodos de experimentação (42 dias). O experimento foi conduzido em parcelas subdivididas, para avaliar o desempenho de um grupo de animais recebendo a levedura e outro grupo controle recebendo o meio de cultivo sem a levedura. Nas subparcelas foram avaliados  dois períodos de 21 dias. Os cordeiros suplementados com a levedura apresentaram maior ganho de peso diário (± 243,3 g/dia), em comparação àqueles não suplementados (± 189,8 g/dia), (teste de Wilcoxon, p< 0,10). Foi constatado maior consumo de matéria seca no segundo período (21-42 dias) para os animais suplementados com a levedura (P < 0,05). Entretanto, não houve interação significativa entre os tratamentos e os períodos para peso vivo final e ganho de peso médio diário, além disso não foram evidenciadas diferenças significativas para a conversão alimentar. Neste estudo se constatou que, a suplementação dessa cepa de levedura para cordeiros desmamados estimula o consumo de dieta contendo forragem tropical de baixa qualidade.
Palavras-chave: Desempenho Produtivo. Ovinocultura. Probiótico. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Urochloa decumbens.
 
 
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the addition of a yeast strain isolated from the rumen fluid of healthy sheep in the diet of lambs weaned and fed with Urochloa decumbens hay.  Twelve Santa Inês x Dorper lambs were evaluated. The animals underwent an adaptation period regarding the facilities (15 days) and two experimentation periods (42 days). The experiment was carried out in split plots, to evaluate the performance of a group of animals receiving the yeast and another control group supplemented with the sterile culture medium. In the subplots, two periods of 21 days were evaluated. Lambs supplemented with yeast showed greater daily weight gain (± 243.3 g/day), compared to those not supplemented (± 189.8 g/day), (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.10). Higher dry matter intake was observed in the second period (21-42 days) for the animals supplemented with yeast (P < 0.05).
Keywords: Productive Performance. Sheep Farming. Probiotic. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa; Urochloa decumbens.
Home Range and Group Composition of Wild Hybrid Marmosets in an Urban Forest Fragment
Authors: Weysfield Flavia , Boere Vanner , Milagres Adriana , De Oliveira e Silva Ita
Published: March 2023

In this study, the home range and social composition of two groups of hybrid marmosets in an urban forest fragment were reported. The georeferenced positions of two groups of hybrid marmosets (G19 and G50) were recorded by the Instantaneous Scan Sampling method, every 15 minutes during 11 months, at Viçosa town, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The home range was estimated at 2.51 ha and 3.98 ha, respectively for group G19 and G50, by the minimum convex polygon method. The G19 group presented a mode of eight individuals (variance was from 7 to 11), while G50 group presented a mode of six individuals (variance was from 5 to 7).  Hybrid marmosets presented a home range size similar to the ones recorded for Callithrix jacchus and C. penicillata. The size of the groups is in agreement with that reported for the genus Callithrix. This is the first description of hybrid marmosets’ home range.
Keywords: Callithrichidae. Ecology. Home Range. Urban Forest Fragment.
 
 
Resumo
Neste estudo, relatamos a área de vida e a composição social de dois grupos de saguis híbridos em um fragmento de floresta urbana. As posições georreferenciadas de dois grupos de saguis híbridos (G19 e G50) foram registradas pelo método de amostragem de varredura instantânea, a cada 15 minutos durante 11 meses, na cidade de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. A área de vida foi estimada em 2,51 ha e 3,98 ha, respectivamente para os grupos G19 e G50, pelo método do polígono convexo mínimo. O grupo G19 apresentou moda de oito indivíduos (variância de 7 a 11), enquanto o grupo G50 apresentou moda de seis indivíduos (variância de 5 a 7). Os saguis híbridos apresentaram um tamanho de área de vida semelhante aos registrados para Callithrix jacchus e C. penicillata. O tamanho dos grupos está de acordo com o relatado para o gênero Callithrix. Esta é a primeira descrição da área de vida de saguis híbridos.
Palavras-chave: Callithrichidae. Ecologia. Área de Vida. Fragmento Urbano Florestal.
Propriedades Fitoquímicas e Perspectivas do Melhoramento Genético de Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek: Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Rodrigues Santana Santina , Silva Gomes Ronaldo
Published: March 2023

Maytenus ilicifolia é uma espécie nativa do Brasil denominada popularmente de espinheira-santa. A planta é muito conhecida e amplamente utilizada por apresentar eficácia de comprovada ação farmacológica no tratamento contra úlceras gástricas e gastrites. Há décadas os estudos da ação farmacológica desta espécie têm sido realizados utilizando-se as folhas, parte da planta onde se encontram os princípios ativos. O objetivo deste estudo foi reunir informações e discutir dados da literatura científica, sobre os componentes fitoquímicos e expectativas de melhoramento genético da espécie. Foi realizado uma revisão nas bases de dados Springer-Nature, periódicos da CAPES, PubMed, Scielo e do Google Acadêmico. Os resultados evidenciaram que a ação farmacológica da espinheira-santa está relacionada com a presença de compostos fenólicos e aos friedelan-3-ol e friedelina. A variabilidade genética da espécie está sendo conservada no Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Embrapa Clima Temperado e na Universidade Federal do Paraná. O uso de técnicas de AFLP, RAPD e marcadores izoenzimáticos detectaram grande diversidade genética para a espécie. O empenho aplicado ao melhoramento genético da espécie é pequeno no Brasil, porém, o interesse por conhecer mais o seu potencial medicinal continuará a atrair a atenção de pesquisadores visando sua conservação e obtenção de genes de interesse revertendo em benefícios para toda sociedade.
Palavras-chave: Espinheira-Santa. Fitofármacos. Recursos Genéticos.
 
 
Abstract
Maytenus ilicifolia, is a native species of Brazil popularly called espinheira-santa. The plant is well known and widely used to present effectiveness of proven pharmacological action in the treatment against gastric ulcers and gastrites. For decades, studies of the pharmacological action of this species have been carried out using the leaves, part of the plant where the active principles are found. The objective of this study was to gather information and discuss data from the scientific literature on the phytochemical constituents and breeding expectations of the species. A review was conducted in the databases Springer-Nature, CAPES journals, PubMed, Scielo and Google Scholar. The results showed that the pharmacological action of espinheira-santa is related to the presence of phenolic compounds and friedelan-3-ol and friedelin. The genetic variability of the species is being conserved at the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Clima Temperado and at the Federal University of Paraná. The use of AFLP techniques, RAPD isoenzymatic markers detected great genetic diversity for the species.  The effort applied to the genetic improvement of the species is small in Brazil, however, the interest in knowing more about its medicinal potential will continue to attract the attention of researchers aiming at its conservation and obtaining genes of interest, reverting to benefits for the whole society.
Keywords: Espinheira-Santa. Phytopharmaceuticals. Genetic Resources.
El caso “Sonthonax”: ¿abolicionista o superviviente?
Authors: Bar Shuali Jonathan Jacobo
Published: March 2023

Contemporáneo de figuras tan icónicas como Jean-Jacques Dessalines y Toussaint Louverture, Léger-Félicité Sonthonax, natural de Oyonnax, ejerció de puente entre la asimilada población esclava del “pueblo de la alta montaña” (Haití) y la República francesa. Misionero de la paz, o representante de los intereses del “abolicionista” Jacques Pierre Brissot, el comisario galo proclamó la primera emancipación de los esclavos en el Caribe francés. Enfrentado a una población realista y mulata, Sonthonax desempeñó un papel crucial en las segunda y tercera comisiones civiles de Saint-Domingue. Retirado de sus funciones por el Consejo de los Quinientos, Léger-Félicité se vio atrapado entre el Consulado y el Imperio. La focalización de diversos ensayos sobre esta figura en su primera visita a la colonia en 1792 ha influido notablemente en un menor análisis de las restantes etapas de su larga travesía. El presente trabajo analiza los aspectos olvidados del diplomático Léger-Félicité Sonthonax en el marco de sus actividades en la isla y en territorio nacional. Asimismo, se pretende atenuar el nulo conocimiento de su obra en el mundo hispanohablante sobre la base de fuentes primarias.
Los escribanos frente al corregidor y los regidores de Jerez de la Frontera
Authors: Tinoco Domínguez Javier
Published: March 2023

La gran averiguación catastral puesta en marcha en 1750 e impulsada por el marqués de la Ensenada supuso el primero de los intentos de implantación de la Única Contribución en Castilla. A raíz del postrer esfuerzo del gobierno de Carlos III en tal sentido, con los decretos de 1770, se produjeron graves problemas durante las nuevas operaciones en las localidades, especialmente los relacionados con la falta de personal cualificado al no poder disponer los cabildos de sus propios recursos económicos para afrontar sus retribuciones. La política reformista de control de las finanzas municipales estuvo en el origen de estas dificultades. El análisis del consiguiente conflicto experimentado en el Ayuntamiento de Jerez de la Frontera, con el enfrentamiento producido entre corregidor, regidores y escribanos de la ciudad, constituye el núcleo del presente trabajo.
IRENE PEREIRA GARCÍA, La Rioja (siglos VIII-XV), Col. Corpus Inscriptionum Hispaniae Mediaevalium, vol. 6, Universidad de León, León, 2020
Authors: Sáenz Rodríguez Minerva
Published: March 2023

IRENE PEREIRA GARCÍA, La Rioja (siglos VIII-XV), Col. Corpus Inscriptionum Hispaniae Mediaevalium, vol. 6, Universidad de León, León, 2020.
Combination of cataract surgery with intravitreal injection of dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex) for uveitis-induced cataract
Authors:   Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fouth Hospital), Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China, Deng Jin , Ai Hua ,   Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fouth Hospital), Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China, Wang Li-Ping ,   Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fouth Hospital), Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
Published: March 2023

AIM: To evaluate the long-term results of patients with chronic uveitis-induced cataract by phacoemulsification with IOL implantation and intravitreal injection of dexamethasone (DEX) intravitreal implant (Ozurdex).
METHODS: The study included 32 eyes of 26 patients treated with DEX implant due to chronic uveitis-induced cataract and followed up for at least a year. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior chamber reaction, central macular thickness (CMT), intraoperative and postoperative complications and uveitis recurrence were analyzed retrospectively.
RESULTS: A successful surgery was performed in all patients. The average follow-up period was 12mo. The female/male ratio was 13/13. Mean age was 45.65±3.83y (range 26 to 65y). Etiologically, rheumatic arthritis occurred in 6 patients (18.75%), ankylosing spondylitis in 4 (12.50%), HLA-B27 associated uveitis in 3 (9.38%), Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-associated uveitis in 4 (12.50%) , Behcet’s disease in 2 (6.25%), and 7 (21.88%) suffered from unknown diseases. All 32 eyes had varying degrees of improvement at 12mo after surgery, with 2 eyes showing BCVA of 0.1 or below (6.25%), 6 having 0.1-0.5 (18.75%), 18 of 0.5-1.0 (56.25%), and 6 of 1.0 or above (18.75%). No cases with increased IOP were observed. The values of mean CMT was increased at day 1, decreased at 1, 3mo after surgery and increased at 6, 12mo after surgery. No severe uveitis reactions, such as fibrinous exudates in the anterior chamber and exudative membrane formation on the anterior surface of the IOL, were observed after surgery.
CONCLUSION: The present studies show that intravitreal injection of Ozudex during cataract operation can provide a new option for the clinical treatment of uveitis-induced cataract.
Postoperative efficacy, safety, predictability, and visual quality of implantable collamer lens implantation versus small incision lenticule extraction in myopic eyes: a Meta-analysis
Authors:   Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China; Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China, Li Hong-Yu , Li Zhao-Hui ,   Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China; Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Published: March 2023

AIM: To compare the postoperative efficacy, safety, predictability, and visual quality of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation versus small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in myopia eyes.
METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and several Chinese databases were searched at May 2021 to select relevant studies in comparison of clinical outcomes between ICL implantation and SMILE for myopia. The primary outcomes were efficacy, safety, and predictability. And the secondary outcomes were postoperative higher-order ocular aberrations (HOAs), modulation transfer function cutoff frequency (MTF), objective scatter index (OSI), contrast sensitivity and a quality of vision (QoV) questionnaire.
RESULTS: A total of 1036 eyes from 10 studies, of which 503 eyes underwent ICL implantation and 533 eyes underwent SMILE, were enrolled in this Meta-analysis. Pooled results revealed that ICL group had a better safety index and post-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) (P=0.007, <0.00001, respectively), and a lower percentage of eyes with a postoperative CDVA lost 1 line (P=0.007) than the SMILE group. No significant differences were found in comparison of the other primary outcomes. In the long-term follow-up (>6mo), ICL group had a lower total HOA, coma, and spherical aberration than SMILE group (P=0.003, <0.00001, 0.04). Yet higher trefoil was found in ICL group at 6mo after surgery (P=0.003). Additionally, ICL group also had a higher MTF value (P=0.02), and a higher contrast sensitivity score for spatial frequencies of 1.5, 6, and 12 cpds (P=0.02, 0.005, 0.02, respectively). And it also had a lower score of bothersome in QoV questionnaire than SMILE group (P=0.003).
CONCLUSION: ICL implantation and SMILE have similar and comparable outcomes in term of the efficacy and predictability for correcting high myopia. However, ICL group is relatively safer and also has better visual quality in comparison of SMILE group.
EDUCAÇÃO SEXUAL E ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL ANOS INICIAIS: O QUE DIZEM OS ESTUDOS
Authors: Silva Irene Ferreira da , Andrade Maria de Fátima Ramos , Aparício Ana Silvia Moço
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as pesquisas que tratam da temática “Educação Sexual e Sexualidade no Ensino Fundamental anos iniciais”. Para tal, foi feito um levantamento na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) do Instituto Brasileiro de Informações, Ciências e Tecnologia – IBICT, com o descritor “Educação sexual” e, com isso, identificamos 1605 trabalhos. Com a intenção de refinar a busca, acrescentamos os descritores: “Formação Docente” e “Ensino Fundamental”, o que resultou em 44 trabalhos, dentre eles, apenas 10, relacionaram-se diretamente com o estudo aqui proposto. Constatamos com o levantamento realizado que ainda há muito a ser investigado e explorado sobre as práticas pedagógicas que promovam aprendizados qualitativos no campo da educação sexual no Ensino Fundamental anos iniciais, sendo relevante a formação docente e materiais norteadores que proporcionem segurança para a abordagem da temática sexualidade. Podemos inferir que será por meio do diálogo e com a divulgação de saberes que será reconhecida a importância da educação sexual. Além disso, a educação sexual sempre acontece, mesmo que não se tenha consciência, ou que ocorra a negação, pois não há como delimitar espaços para a sexualidade, já que faz parte da dimensão humana.
EDUCAÇÃO E SEXUALIDADE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Corrêa Fernanda Geórgia Isidoro , Mota Isabel Kathyane Da Silva , Alves Francisco Régis Vieira
Published: March 2023

Tendo em vista que a sexualidade é uma dimensão indissociável da natureza humana, trabalhar o tema sob o prisma da diversidade torna-se imprescindível para a construção de uma educação cidadã, baseada em Direitos Humanos. Assim, o presente trabalho busca descrever como o tema é abordado na educação brasileira, identificando fragilidades e indicando pontos de melhorias. Para a sua realização, procedeu-se com a busca no referencial teórico, seguido do levantamento de publicações entre 2010 e 2019, na base SciELO, utilizando como descritores de assunto as palavras Educação e Sexualidade. Foram selecionados 28 (vinte e oito) artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e apresentaram relevância com a abordagem pretendida. Entre os resultados obtidos, verificou-se que os docentes tratam o tema segundo concepções pessoais; as Políticas Públicas que visam a inclusão da temática como conteúdo escolar encontram entraves morais ou religiosos e pouco se efetivam na prática; a formação docente na temática é demasiadamente incipiente; intervenções assumem caráter higienista e reforçam a construção heteronormativa, além de existirem poucas avaliações disponíveis, dificultando o embasamento consistente para ações corretivas.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK HALUS MELALUI KEGIATAN SENI RUPA PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Fajarwati Ayu , Setiawati Eka , Yusdiana Yusdiana
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak usia dini melalui kegiatan seni rupa di PAUD As-Syifa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas, yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Pada setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan/tindakan, pengamatan serta refleksi. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 10 orang anak yang mempunyai masalah dalam kemampuan motorik halus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu berupa catatan lapangan serta dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan tingkat keberhasilan Mills sebesar 71%. Adapun analisis data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian ini adalah terjadi peningkatan kemampuan motorik halus anak melalui kegiatan seni rupa yaitu sebesar 21%. Berdasarkan peningkatan tersebut maka hipotesis diterima dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan seni rupa dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak usia dini.