bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Invasion front dynamics in disordered environments
Authors: Azimzade Youness , Sasar Mahdi , Maleki Iraj
Published: October 2020

Invasion occurs in environments that are normally spatially disordered, however, the effect of such a randomness on the dynamics of the invasion front has remained less understood. Here, we study Fisher’s equation in disordered environments both analytically and numerically. Using the Effective Medium Approximation, we show that disorder slows down invasion velocity and for ensemble average of invasion velocity in disordered environment we have $$\bar{v}=v_0 (1-|\xi |^2/6)$$

v

¯

=

v
0

(
1
-
|
ξ
|

2

/
6
)

where $$|\xi |$$

|
ξ
|

is the amplitude of disorder and $$v_0$$

v
0

is the invasion velocity in the corresponding homogeneous environment given by $$v_0=2\sqrt{RD_0}$$

v
0

=
2

R

D
0

. Additionally, disorder imposes fluctuations on the invasion front. Using a perturbative approach, we show that these fluctuations are Brownian with a diffusion constant of: $$D_{C}= \dfrac{1}{8} \xi ^2\sqrt{RD_0 (1-|\xi |^2/3)}$$

D
C

=

1
8

ξ
2

R

D
0

(
1
-
|
ξ
|

2

/
3
)

. These findings were approved by numerical analysis. Alongside this continuum model, we use the Stepping Stone Model to check how our findings change when we move from the continuum approach to a discrete approach. Our analysis suggests that individual-based models exhibit inherent fluctuations and the effect of environmental disorder becomes apparent for large disorder intensity and/or high carrying capacities.
Combinatorial discovery of small-molecule 1,2,3-triazolium ionic liquids exhibiting lower critical solution temperature phase transition
Authors: Chu Yen-Ho , Cheng Mou-Fu , Chiang Yung-Hsin
Published: October 2020

Both lower and upper critical solution temperature (LCST and UCST) systems are two typical phase behaviors of thermoresponsive materials with solvents, in which LCST is far less common than UCST. Recent studies on ionic liquids carrying LCST phase transitions have predominantly focused on quaternary ammonium- and phosphonium-based ionic salts. Based on the 1,2,3-triazole core structure assemblable by azide-alkyne cycloaddition click reaction, this work reports the combinatorial synthesis of 1,3,4-trialkylated 1,2,3-triazolium ionic liquids in three libraries with a total of 160 ionic liquids and demonstrates, for the first time, their values in temperature-switchable phase transition with water. In this work, the successful discovery of a new thermoresponsive ionic liquid b26, based on the structure-and-phase separation study of b8 and b9, perfectly exemplified the true value of the tunability of ionic liquid fine structures. For all 160 ionic liquids synthesized, 155 are liquid at room temperature and 22 room-temperature ionic liquids were found to exhibit thermoresponsive phase transitions having low Tc values in water. To the best of our knowledge, this comprehensive study is the first report of small-molecule 1,2,3-triazolium ionic liquids that exhibit LCST property in water.
Clinical thresholds for diagnosing iron deficiency: comparison of functional assessment of serum ferritin to population based centiles
Authors: Sezgin Gorkem , Monagle Paul , Loh Tze Ping , Ignjatovic Vera , Hoq Monsurul , Pearce Christopher , McLeod Adam , Westbrook Johanna , Li Ling , Georgiou Andrew
Published: October 2020

Low serum ferritin is diagnostic of iron deficiency, yet its published lower cut-off values are highly variable, particularly for pediatric populations. Lower cut-off values are commonly reported as 2.5th percentiles, and is based on the variation of ferritin values in the population. Our objective was to determine whether a functional approach based on iron deficient erythropoiesis could provide a better alternative. Utilizing 64,443 ferritin test results from pediatric electronic health records, we conducted various statistical techniques to derive 2.5th percentiles, and also derived functional reference limits through the association between ferritin and erythrocyte parameters: hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, and red cell distribution width. We find that lower limits of reference intervals derived as centiles are too low for clinical interpretation. Functional limits indicate iron deficiency anemia starts to occur when ferritin levels reach 10 µg/L, and are largely similar between genders and age groups. In comparison, centiles (2.5%) presented with lower limits overall, with varying levels depending on age and gender. Functionally-derived limits better reflects the underlying physiology of a patient, and may provide a basis for deriving a threshold related to treatment of iron deficiency and any other biomarker with functional outcomes.
Publisher Correction: Increased persistence of avoidance behaviour and social deficits with L.rhamnosus JB-1 or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment following social defeat
Authors: Liu Yunpeng , Steinhausen Kailey , Bharwani Aadil , Firoz Mian M. , McVey Neufeld Karen‑Anne , Forsythe Paul
Published: October 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Deep phenotypic characterization of immunization-induced antibacterial IgG repertoires in mice using a single-antibody bioassay
Authors: Heo Millie , Chenon Guilhem , Castrillon Carlos , Bibette Jérôme , Bruhns Pierre , Griffiths Andrew D. , Baudry Jean , Eyer Klaus
Published: October 2020

Antibodies with antibacterial activity need to bind to the bacterial surface with affinity, specificity, and sufficient density to induce efficient elimination. To characterize the anti-bacterial antibody repertoire, we developed an in-droplet bioassay with single-antibody resolution. The assay not only allowed us to identify whether the secreted antibodies recognized a bacterial surface antigen, but also to estimate the apparent dissociation constant (KD app) of the interaction and the density of the recognized epitope on the bacteria. Herein, we found substantial differences within the KD app/epitope density profiles in mice immunized with various species of heat-killed bacteria. The experiments further revealed a high cross-reactivity of the secreted IgG repertoires, binding to even unrelated bacteria with high affinity. This application confirmed the ability to quantify the anti-bacterial antibody repertoire and the utility of the developed bioassay to study the interplay between bacteria and the humoral response.
Osteopontin binds ICOSL promoting tumor metastasis
Authors: Raineri Davide , Dianzani Chiara , Cappellano Giuseppe , Maione Federica , Baldanzi Gianluca , Iacobucci Ilaria , Clemente Nausicaa , Baldone Giulia , Boggio Elena , Gigliotti Casimiro L. , Boldorini Renzo , Rojo Josè M. , Monti Maria , Birolo Leila , Dianzani Umberto , Chiocchetti Annalisa
Published: October 2020

ICOSL/ICOS are costimulatory molecules pertaining to immune checkpoints; their binding transduces signals having anti-tumor activity. Osteopontin (OPN) is here identified as a ligand for ICOSL. OPN binds a different domain from that used by ICOS, and the binding induces a conformational change in OPN, exposing domains that are relevant for its functions. Here we show that in vitro, ICOSL triggering by OPN induces cell migration, while inhibiting anchorage-independent cell growth. The mouse 4T1 breast cancer model confirms these data. In vivo, OPN-triggering of ICOSL increases angiogenesis and tumor metastatization. The findings shed new light on ICOSL function and indicate that another partner beside ICOS may be involved; they also provide a rationale for developing alternative therapeutic approaches targeting this molecular trio.
Construction of a hierarchical micro & nanoporous surface for loading genistein on the composite of polyetheretherketone/tantalum pentoxide possessing antibacterial activity and accelerated osteointegration
Authors: Mei Shiqi , Wang Fan , Hu Xinglong , Yang Kong , Xie Dong , Yang Lili , Wu Zhaoying , Wei Jie
Published: October 2020

SPNG with a micro & nanoporous surface, SO3H groups, and sustained release of GT exhibited antibacterial activity, cell responses, and accelerated osteointegration.
Selective, cofactor-mediated catalytic oxidation of alkanethiols in a self-assembled cage host
Authors: da Camara Bryce , Dietz Philip C. , Chalek Kevin R. , Mueller Leonard J. , Hooley Richard J.
Published: October 2020

A spacious Fe(ii)-iminopyridine cage can catalyze the oxidative dimerization of alkanethiols, and can discriminate between substrates of identical reactivity, based solely on size.
Effects of two different solvents on the syntheses, structural diversity, and magnetic properties of six Mn(ii) complexes derived from 3,3′-((5-carboxy-1,3-phenylene)bis(oxy))dibenzoate and variable N-donor ligands
Authors: Yang Dongdong , Liu Xiaxia , Lu Liping , Zhu Miaoli
Published: October 2020

Six Mn(ii) complexes of the 3,3′-((5-carboxy-1,3-phenylene)bis(oxy))dibenzoate ligand in two different solvent systems with variable N-donor ligands were obtained and showed different structures and magnetic properties.
Monte Carlo simulation and experimental evaluation of the quantum efficiency of Eu3+-doped glass at different temperatures
Authors: Du Jiaxuan , Wang Xiangfu , Bu Yanyan , Yan Xiaohong
Published: October 2020

The quantum efficiency (QE) is a key parameter to evaluate the optical properties of fluorescent glass.
TD-DFT and CC2 insights into the dual-emissive behaviour of 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)oxazoles core and their derivatives
Authors: Chrayteh Amara , Ewels Chris P. , Jacquemin Denis
Published: October 2020

How to tune dual emission in a complex push–pull dye?
Effects of a conductive support on the bonding of oxygen containing molecules to transition metal oxide surfaces
Authors: Li Hao , Nørskov Jens K.
Published: October 2020

The presence of a metal support leads to a marked enhancement of ORR/OER adsorbate binding strengths on wide bandgap transition metal oxides.
Understanding benzyl alcohol aggregation by chiral modification: the pairing step
Authors: Medel Robert , Suhm Martin A.
Published: October 2020

Depending on how two enantiomeric benzyl alcohol molecules meet, they either get stuck in a symmetric heterochiral dimer or they synchronize their transient chirality to reach the global minimum structure.
Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Ni nanoparticles supported on the TiC(001) surface
Authors: Lozano-Reis Pablo , Sayós Ramón , Rodriguez José A. , Illas Francesc
Published: October 2020

Ni clusters adsorb on TiC with a quenching in their magnetic moments.
Electronic and protonic transport in bio-sourced materials: a new perspective on semiconductivity
Authors: Reali Manuel , Saini Pooja , Santato Clara
Published: October 2020

Semiconductors of interest in Bioelectronics and Sustainable (Green) Organic Electronics that can feature exclusive protonic or electronic transport, beside mixed protonic-electronic.
Correction: Facile, wafer-scale compatible growth of ZnO nanowires via chemical bath deposition: assessment of zinc ion contribution and other limiting factors
Authors: Huang Yu-Chen , Zhou Junze , Nomenyo Komla , Ionescu Rodica Elena , Gokarna Anisha , Lerondel Gilles
Published: October 2020

Correction for ‘Facile, wafer-scale compatible growth of ZnO nanowires via chemical bath deposition: assessment of zinc ion contribution and other limiting factors’ by Yu-Chen Huang et al., Nanoscale Adv., 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0na00434k.
Selective detection and removal of picric acid by C2N surface from a mixture of nitro-explosives
Authors: Yar Muhammad , Bilal Shah Ahmed , Hashmi Muhammad Ali , Ayub Khurshid
Published: October 2020

Nitro-explosives are a severe threat to the environment; therefore, detection and removal of nitro-explosives is the need of time.
High-throughput nitrogen-vacancy center imaging for nanodiamond photophysical characterization and pH nanosensing
Authors: Sow Maabur , Steuer Horst , Adekanye Sanmi , Ginés Laia , Mandal Soumen , Gilboa Barak , Williams Oliver A. , Smith Jason M. , Kapanidis Achillefs N.
Published: October 2020

A method to observe individual fluorescent crystal defects in nanodiamonds is reported and opens new nanosensing avenues (e.g. pH nanosensing).
Ultra-stable ZnO nanobelts in electrochemical environments
Authors: Hong Mengyu , Meng Jingjing , Yu Huihui , Du Junli , Ou Yang , Liao Qingliang , Kang Zhuo , Zhang Zheng , Zhang Yue
Published: October 2020

The In-ZnO nanobelts present ultrahigh stability of morphology and electrical properties in the electrochemical environment. It can be attributed to the adsorption energy decrease in the unique lattice structure with doped indium atoms.
Biochemical assay for serum creatinine detection through a 1-methylhydantoin and cobalt complex
Authors: Dasgupta Pallavi , Kumar Vinay , Krishnaswamy Patnam R. , Bhat Navakanta
Published: October 2020

A highly sensitive amperometric biosensor has been developed for creatinine estimation using the mono-enzymatic conversion of creatinine by creatinine deiminase.
Structural behavior of amphiphilic polyion complexes interacting with saturated lipid membranes investigated by coarse-grained molecular dynamic simulations
Authors: Angelescu Daniel G.
Published: October 2020

Neutral polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) made from an amphiphilic multiblock copolymer of type (AnBn)m and an oppositely charged polyion and interacting with a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lipid membrane.
Cycling system for decomposition of gaseous benzene by hydrogen peroxide with naturally Fe-containing activated carbon
Authors: Lee Yong-Soo , Han Sang-Beom , Mo Yong-Hwan , Lee Seul-Gi , Park Deok-Hye , Song JiHyun , Hong Seongho , Park Kyung-Won
Published: October 2020

For the removal of volatile organic compounds from environmental systems, gaseous benzene, a model VOC, was adsorbed on naturally Fe-containing activated carbon and subsequently, decomposed in the presence of H2O2 solution.
Engineering reversible cell–cell interactions using enzymatically lipidated chemically self-assembled nanorings
Authors: Wang Yiao , Kilic Ozgun , Csizmar Clifford M. , Ashok Sudhat , Hougland James L. , Distefano Mark D. , Wagner Carston R.
Published: October 2020

Multicellular biology is dependent on the control of cell-cell interactions. The prenylated antigen-targeted CSANs provide a general approach for the regulation of specific cell-cell interactions and will be valuable for a plethora of fundamental and therapeutic applications.
Selectively detecting attomolar concentrations of proteins using gold lined nanopores in a nanopore blockade sensor
Authors: Wu Yanfang , Yao Yin , Cheong Soshan , Tilley Richard D. , Gooding J. Justin
Published: October 2020

Selective detection of attomolar proteins was achieved using gold lined nanopores in a nanopore blockade sensor.
A critical analysis of electrospray techniques for the determination of accelerated rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions in droplets
Authors: Rovelli Grazia , Jacobs Michael I. , Willis Megan D. , Rapf Rebecca J. , Prophet Alexander M. , Wilson Kevin R.
Published: October 2020

The application of Electrospray and Electrosonic Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS and ESSI-MS) to study accelerated reaction kinetics in droplets is examined using numerical models, new experimental data, and prior literature.
Carbon foams: 3D porous carbon materials holding immense potential
Authors: Liu Heguang , Wu Shaoqing , Tian Na , Yan Fuxue , You Caiyin , Yang Yang
Published: October 2020

Carbon foam is a representative of porous-structured carbon material, which has attracted increasing attention from academic communities and industry because of its unique 3D porous structure and excellent performance for various applications.
Correction: Construction of a hierarchical carbon nanotube/MXene membrane with distinct fusiform channels for efficient molecular separation
Authors: Ding Mingmei , Xu Hang , Chen Wei , Kong Qing , Lin Tao , Tao Hui , Zhang Kai , Liu Qin , Zhang Kaisong , Xie Zongli
Published: October 2020

Correction for ‘Construction of a hierarchical carbon nanotube/MXene membrane with distinct fusiform channels for efficient molecular separation’ by Mingmei Ding et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0ta07354g.
Correction: Multifunctional amines enable the formation of polyamide nanofilm composite ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes with modulated charge and performance
Authors: Trivedi Jaladhi S. , Bhalani Dixit V. , Bhadu Gopala Ram , Jewrajka Suresh K.
Published: October 2020

Correction for ‘Multifunctional amines enable the formation of polyamide nanofilm composite ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes with modulated charge and performance’ by Jaladhi S. Trivedi et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 20242–20253, DOI: 10.1039/C8TA07841F.
Domain interactions reveal auto-inhibition of the deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 and its activation by HSP90 in the modulation of huntingtin aggregation
Authors: Xue Wei , Zhang Shu-Xian , He Wen-Tian , Hong Jun-Ye , Jiang Lei-Lei , Hu Hong-Yu
Published: October 2020

Ubiquitin-specific protease 19 (USP19) is a member of the deubiquitinating (DUB) enzymes that catalyze removing the ubiquitin signals from target proteins. Our previous research has demonstrated that USP19 up-regulates the protein level and aggregation of polyQ-expanded huntingtin through the involvement of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). Here, we present solution structures of the CS1, CS2 and UbL domains of USP19 and structural insights into their domain interactions. We found that the tandem CS domains fold back to interact with the C-terminal USP domain (USPD) intra-molecularly that leads to inhibition of the catalytic core of USP19, especially CS1 interacts with the embedded UbL domain and CS2 does with the CH2 catalytic core. Moreover, CS2 specifically interacts with the NBD domain of HSP90, which can activate the DUB enzyme. A mechanism of auto-inhibition of USP19 and activation by HSP90 is proposed, on which USP19 modulates the protein level of polyQ-expanded huntingtin in cells. This study provides structural and mechanistic insights into the modulation of protein level and aggregation by USP19 with the assistance of HSP90.
Insights into the regulation of the matriptase-prostasin proteolytic system
Authors: Holt-Danborg Lasse , Skovbjerg Signe , Goderum Kristian W. , Nonboe Annika W. , Stankevic Evelina , Frost Ásdis K. , Vitved Lars , Jensen Jan K. , Vogel Lotte K.
Published: October 2020

The membrane-associated prostasin and matriptase belonging to the S1A subfamily of serine proteases, are critical for epithelial development and maintenance. The two proteases are involved in the activation of each other and are both regulated by the protease inhibitors, HAI-1 and HAI-2. The S1A subfamily of serine proteases are generally produced as inactive zymogens requiring a cleavage event to obtain activity. However, contrary to the common case, the zymogen form of matriptase exhibits proteolytic activity, which can be inhibited by HAI-1 and HAI-2, as for the activated counterpart. We provide strong evidence that also prostasin exhibits proteolytic activity in its zymogen form. Furthermore, we show that the activity of zymogen prostasin can be inhibited by HAI-1 and HAI-2. We report that zymogen prostasin is capable of activating zymogen matriptase, but unable to activate its own zymogen form. We propose the existence of an unusual enzyme–enzyme relationship consisting of proteolytically active zymogen forms of both matriptase and prostasin, kept under control by HAI-1 and HAI-2, and located at the pinnacle of an important proteolytic pathway in epithelia. Perturbed balance in this proteolytic system is likely to cause rapid and efficient activation of matriptase by the dual action of zymogen matriptase and zymogen prostasin. Previous studies suggest that the zymogen form of matriptase performs the normal proteolytic functions of the protease, whereas excess matriptase activation likely causes carcinogenesis. HAI-1 and HAI-2 are thus important for the prevention of matriptase activation whether catalysed by zymogen/activated prostasin (this study) or zymogen/activated matriptase (previous studies).
eEF2K enhances expression of PD-L1 by promoting the translation of its mRNA
Authors: Wu Yu , Xie Jianling , Jin Xin , Lenchine Roman V. , Wang Xuemin , Fang Danielle M. , Nassar Zeyad D. , Butler Lisa M. , Li Jing , Proud Christopher G.
Published: October 2020

Emerging advances in cancer therapy have transformed the landscape towards cancer immunotherapy regimens. Recent discoveries have resulted in the development of clinical immune checkpoint inhibitors that are ‘game-changers’ for cancer immunotherapy. Here we show that eEF2K, an atypical protein kinase that negatively modulates the elongation stage of protein synthesis, promotes the synthesis of PD-L1, an immune checkpoint protein which helps cancer cells to escape from immunosurveillance. Ablation of eEF2K in prostate and lung cancer cells markedly reduced the expression levels of the PD-L1 protein. We show that eEF2K promotes the association of PD-L1 mRNAs with translationally active polyribosomes and that translation of the PD-L1 mRNA is regulated by a uORF (upstream open reading-frame) within its 5′-UTR (5′-untranslated region) which starts with a non-canonical CUG as the initiation codon. This inhibitory effect is attenuated by eEF2K thereby allowing higher levels of translation of the PD-L1 coding region and enhanced expression of the PD-L1 protein. Moreover, eEF2K-depleted cancer cells are more vulnerable to immune attack by natural killer cells. Therefore, control of translation elongation can modulate the translation of this specific mRNA, one which contains an uORF that starts with CUG, and perhaps others that contain a similar feature. Taken together, our data reveal that eEF2K regulates PD-L1 expression at the level of the translation of its mRNA by virtue of a uORF in its 5′-region. This, and other roles of eEF2K in cancer cell biology (e.g. in cell survival and migration), may be exploited for the design of future therapeutic strategies.
Guardians of the genome: DNA damage and repair
Authors: Wu Qian
Published: October 2020

This collection of reviews aims to summarise our current understanding of a fundamental question: how do we deal with DNA damage? After identifying key players that are important for this process, we are now starting to reveal the dynamic organisation of detecting and repairing DNA damage. Reviews in this issue provide an update on the exciting research progress that is happening now in this field and also initiate discussion about future challenges and directions that we are heading to.
Bearing Grounding Mechanical Properties of Engineering Vehicle Retreaded Tire
Authors: Wang Qiang , Jiang Li
Published: October 2020

In this study, a multivariate composite layer model, computer geometry models, contact pair models, finite element analysis (FEA) models, and bearing grounding mechanical property test system were constructed. FEA and experimental study on the bearing grounding mechanical properties of retreaded tires of engineering vehicles were processed. Therefore, features and rules of load grounding pressure, load grounding mark, load grounding area, load grounding coefficient, and load grounding hardness coefficient of retreaded tires under the static grounding working condition were summarized, from which load-bearing grounding mathematical models of 26.5R25 engineering vehicle retreaded tire were constructed. Analysis results show that the grounding pressure at the tread center of grounding pressure and grounding friction, which increased along the tire width and rolling direction at different degrees, were the smallest under the static grounding working condition. The shape of the earthing marks turned from circular to elliptical, and then close to the rectangle with the load increase, and finally into an approximate saddle shape. When the tire pressure was certain, the earthing area increased gradually with the increasing load and the increasing trend was nonlinear. The ground pressure and grounding force on the tire shoulder of the engineering re-treaded tire was the largest, which could be damaged easily.
Effect of spalling thickness on transverse axial bearing capacity of pile foundation under different corrosion depths
Authors: Feng Zhongju , Guan Yunhui , Guo Suizhu , Huang Zhouyi , He Jingbin , Chen Jinhua , Jiang Dingran
Published: October 2020

The transverse and axial bearing characteristics of bridge pile foundation in salt marsh area are studied by numerical simulation. This paper mainly analyses the change of transverse and axial bearing characteristics of pile foundation caused by the change of spalling thickness of bridge foundation. The results show that the transverse and axial bearing capacity and displacement of pile foundation will be affected by the change of concrete spalling thickness under the condition of pile corrosion. When the peeling thickness is above 9.0cm, the transverse and axial bearing characteristics of pile foundation are obviously different with the change of corrosion depth of pile body. When the peeling thickness increases and the corrosion depth of the pile body is different, the negative displacement below the zero point of the first displacement of the pile body is continuously reduced, and the displacement curve above the first displacement zero point in the direction of the pile body begins to shift. When the peeling thickness reaches 15.0cm, the pile top displacement increases to 3.75mm. The research results are of great significance to the establishment of safety evaluation system of highway bridge pile foundation in alpine salt marsh area, and provide a basis for the structural design of highway bridge pile foundation in alpine salt marsh area.
Underbalanced Drilling Optimum Methodology
Authors: Zhang Wei , Dang Wenhui , Zhang Wenbo , Sun Xiaorui , Zhu Zhongxi
Published: October 2020

A methodology to properly screen all UBD techniques to reduce failure/misapplication and align objectives with expectations had been absent. The paper addresses the latest enhancements to better understand and screen options for UBD operations according to two aspects: formation applicability and engineering applicability. The screening tool considers a range of economic and technical parameter to provide a relative ranking for each candidate of the Underbalanced drilling (UBD) technique. As a case, the methodology was available to optimize the UBD techniques in a risky exploration well in Xinjiang oilfield, which provided guidance and technical support to screen the UBD candidate, design the drilling modeconversion, and establish the emergency schedule.
Study on Microscopic Simulation Technology of Operation Process of Unmanned Vehicle Based on Virtual Track
Authors: Teng Shiyao , Tang Jinjin
Published: October 2020

With the continuous development of unmanned driving technology, more and more unmanned vehicles are on the road to start testing, under this circumstance, how to control these unmanned vehicles has become an urgent issue. Based on the basic idea of virtual track and cellular automata model, this paper researches and designs a microscopic simulation system of the operation process of unmanned vehicles. The aim of this paper is to use the idea of strong controllability of railways to control unmanned vehicles in the form of train diagram to ensure their orderly safety on the road. The stability and correctness of the system are verified through case analysis. At the end of the article, the future research direction is prospected.
Application of Ground-Penetrating Radar Broadband Antenna in Underground Detection
Authors: Chengke Zhang , Junping Yu , Jiangpeng Wu , Zhiqiang Li , Liqing Zhu
Published: October 2020

When GPR is detecting unknown objects underground, different antenna working frequency, different antenna size and different antenna internal structure will affect the final data quality and ultimately affect the detection accuracy of GPR. Therefore, when actualizing and evaluating the uwb signal of GPR electromagnetic wave, the electromagnetic properties of underground medium should be fully considered, and the influence of relevant parameters of GPR antenna on the transmitted and received electromagnetic signals should be analyzed by using numerical analysis method. This paper mainly describes the design characteristics of GPR antenna and antenna array, as well as the types, characteristics and application convenience of antenna array under different positioning purposes of GPR.
Reform and exploration of computer aided design and Analysis Course under the background of “new engineering”
Authors: Enguang Zhang , Li Wang
Published: October 2020

In response to the requirements of new engineering construction and reform, the new experimental teaching mode of the comprehensive practice link of computer-aided engineering analysis course was explored, and the “finite element analysis of the lateral stabilizer bar of new energy bus” was introduced into the comprehensive practice of the course to train students’ autonomy learning ability. At the same time, it has improved students’ scientific research and teamwork ability, and used project-based teaching as a link to open up the separation between undergraduate teaching and postgraduate teaching, cultivated students’ ability to continue learning, strengthened the combination of theoretical knowledge and engineering application, and improved student in solving the ability of the problem. It provides a reference for the curriculum reform under the background of “new engineering”.
Structural mitigation measures for flood reduction in urban area: A case study of Ciliwung watershed
Authors: Fadillah Rizki Maulana , Tsaqib Hafizh , Nurendyastuti Aryanti Karlina , Jannah Miftahul , Prastica Rian Mantasa Salve
Published: October 2020

Flooding is an obstacle for water infrastructure which installed in a river system in Ciliwung, West Java, Indonesia. The climate change triggers unpredictable rainfall which occurs in the watershed, therefore the vulnerability of river and other infrastructures are alarming. The rehabilitation and maintenance strategies are needed to make water infrastructures in the river system obtain lower damage. The research aims to simulate the 2-D HEC-RAS modelling of river system and stability. The result produces the water level of the river even in 1000-year discharge flood. Also, the research proposes the earth embankment dam for flood reduction in the watershed. The dam is designed according to the ideal condition. The simulation of HEC-RAS shows that the river experiences flooding in a certain condition. Besides, the research concludes that designed dam could overcome the flooding problem and suitable strategy for water infrastructure maintenance towards flooding impacts. Further investigation towards soil data for designed dam should be further analyzed to obtain better and comprehensive understanding.
The influence of adolescent characteristics toward the knowledge about generation planning in sub-village of family planning
Authors: Budiman Lucia Sandra , Listyaningsih Umi , Putri Ratih Fitria , White Ben
Published: October 2020

Adolescent knowledge is the optimizing capital of the condition of demographic dividend in Indonesia which will be culminated in 2035. Adolescent behavior such as early marriage, premarital sex, and drug abuse pushed the National Population and Family Planning Commissions’s to implement the Generation Planning “Generasi Berencana (GenRe)” Program for preparing teen family life. This research aims to determine the influence of adolescent characteristics on knowledge about GenRe in the Sub-village of Family Planning Ngepring. The primary data collection method is a census which the unit of analysis are the adolescent individual in Ngepring. Data from the adolescent census are processed by multiple linear regression test. The results showed that adolescent characteristics proved that the significane influences the knowledge about GenRe with a contribution of 50, 5%. The last education of adolescent characteristics (Beta = 0,435; p <0, 01) is stronger in influencing the knowledge about GenRe than gender variable (Beta = 0,147; p <0, 01) and work experience variable (Beta = -0, 195; p <0, 01). This research proves the hypothesis that the education and work experience characteristics affect the knowledge.
Field measurement of ground temperatures in Bandung: devices and the results of measurement
Authors: Alfata Muhammad Nur Fajri , Nurjannah Amalia
Published: October 2020

Ground cooling is considered to be one of the passive cooling strategies in buildings although its application is rarely found in Indonesia. Effectiveness of this strategy depend on the ground temperature profiles. Meanwhile, comprehensive data of ground temperature as a basis of design for ground cooling are still rarely found in Indonesia. This research aims to develop the measurement devices for collecting ground temperatures data and to investigate the ground temperatures in different depths (i.e., 1m, 2m, …, 9m). For measurement, an instrumentation system was developed with the main component of Arduino Mega 2560 as microcontroller. T-type thermocouples with diameter of 0, 5mm mounted in the metal cones were used as the temperature sensor and placed at the different depths. The field measurement was conducted from August to November 2019 in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. This study demonstrated that the developed instrument system had good performance both in measuring and data acquisition. Model equation was developed to predict the ground temperature at certain depth regardless ground materials and humidity level. The results indicated that the ground temperature significantly lower to 5m-depth. However, the reduction of the temperature after 5m was not significant; the deeper the ground, the temperature changes are negligible.
Financial and ecological compensation based on willingness to accept in sand mining of Progo River downstream
Authors: Widyantari Rizka , Harini Rika
Published: October 2020

Sand mining which occurs massively along the Progo River causes environmental degradation and infrastructure damage. Financial and ecological compensation funds will be used to compensate for the losses suffered by the community and efforts to conserve the environment. The purpose of this research is to estimate the value of compensation to be willing to accept or willingness to accept (WTA) by the community affected by sand mining in Banaran and Poncosari villages, also the spatial variations in WTA in Banaran and Poncosari villages. We established an ecological compensation accounting system based on respondents’ willingness to accept (WTA) with Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The results shows respondents in Banaran Village has the highest average WTA value of IDR 271, 142 per month. Meanwhile, the average value of WTA in Poncosari Village is IDR 186, 818 per month. This value illustrates how people extremely feel disadvantaged by the degradation in the quality of the environment that occurs in their residence. WTA value obtained is influenced by the subjectivity of respondents in assessing environmental conditions and can be influenced by income and some economic characteristics. With this compensation, environmental balance is expected to be maintained without neglecting the utilization of natural resources.
Relationship between pit slope design and coal reserve estimation in Pit X, Muara Enim, South Sumatra Province
Authors: Wijayanto Taufiq Muhammad , Wilopo Wahyu , Indrawan I Gede Budi , Sunarko
Published: October 2020

Mine planning is an important part of mining activity. Improper mine plan will increase production costs, non-optimal extraction of mines and safety factors that do not meet the standard. One of the most important aspects before undertaking mine plan is determining the optimal slope design as a basis for making mine pits for coal extraction. This study aims to estimate the maximum reserves that can be taken from the mine pit by taking account of the safety factor of the pit slope design. The study was conducted using drill log data and rock engineering characteristics. Analysis of slope stability is done using the Rocscience Slide V.6 software while coal reserves estimation is done using Minescape V.5.2. Slope stability analysis is modeled with several scenarios of slope angles until a single optimal slope angle is obtained, with the value of the slope safety factor that meets the safety criteria. The results showed that the maximum single slope angle in a safe pit was 52° with a safety factor of 1.266, while the coal reserves obtained with the said slope angle are 29, 965, 008 tons.
Water quality analysis of the PDAM drinking water distribution network at the Baron-Ngobaran management unit, Gunungkidul Regency - Indonesia
Authors: Irshabdillah Muhammad Ridho , Widyastuti Margaretha
Published: October 2020

Baron and Ngobaran Underground Rivers are two sources of water on the southern coast of Gunungkidul Regency, Indonesia. A state-owned water utility company (PDAM) is currently distributing raw water for drinking from these underground rivers to Tanjungsari, Saptosari, Paliyan, Panggang, and Purwosari. In addition to quantity, processing raw water for this purpose needs to consider water quality. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the quality of raw water along the PDAM service lines, starting from a common source through pipelines and, finally, to connected customer property lines, and to analyze its Water Quality Index (WQI). During the field survey, the water quality was measured directly at several points selected by the purposive sampling method and indirectly in the laboratory. These measurements observed physical (temperature and TDS), chemical (pH, NO3-, Cl-, CaCO3, Fe total, Pb), and biological properties (total coliform) and compared them with the requirements for drinking water quality published in the Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010. The results showed that except for total coliform, all water quality parameters of Baron and Ngobaran Underground Rivers met the standards. Also, the detected water quality from the sources to customers’ taps formed a spatial variation. Based on the WQI analysis results, excessively high total coliform levels on all samples made the raw water biologically unsuitable for direct consumption. Therefore, boiling before use is highly suggested as it can remove coliform bacteria in the water.
Application of the compact city concept in Caturtunggal Educational Area
Authors: Larasati Finky , Rarasati Ayomi Dita , Sihombing Antony
Published: October 2020

The existence of university can be a new growth center area that causes affect to increased carrying capacity areas such as residential area and trigger development of commercial and service areas to support educational activities. Development uncontrolled area will give problems to the surrounding area. In the Kaliurang km.5 street corridor, precisely in Caturtunggal Village, Yogyakarta experienced regional development that is because there are two campuses such as Gadjah Mada University and Yogyakarta State University which have high student attractiveness. This causes a problem impact to traffic in main street, land use change in green open space, and high building density. The concept of a compact city is a concept sustainable development one of the carious sustainable development approaches to solve this problem by considering environmental, economic, and environment aspects. This study aims to examine the characteristics of compact cities in the region Kaliurang km.5 street, as well as providing direction for regional development in realizing it sustainable areas with qualitative descriptive analysis technique.
Quality assessment of road network to Seplawan Cave in Donorejo Village, Central Java
Authors: Thio Julia , Fikri Thalia Mutiara , Widhatama Adrianus Farrel , Darmayanti Evania Farrellyn Puspa , Setyaningrum Mirna Ayu , Baihaqi Muhammad Riza , Jamil Umi Alifa , Nurjani Emilya , Putri Ratih Fitria
Published: October 2020

Infrastructure plays an important role in the tourism sector as a provider of facilities to provide facilities to tourist sites. The study area is in the Donorejo village, Central Java. Donorejo village has one of the most famous caves in Central Java, namely Goa Seplawan. The study was conducted with in-depth interviews with local residents and tourist visitors, as well as measurements and direct examination of the paths that are on site. Quality assessment of road conditions is carried out qualitatively. The assessment is based on the experience and standardization of each respondent which is then re-matched with the results of the study at the location and the Road Condition Index Matrix (RCI). There are three main paths to Seplawan Cave, namely through Hamlet Rejosari, Denansri, and Katerban. The main road passes through Hamlet Rejosari in good condition, but very steep. On the other hand, Denansri and Katerban hamlets have poor conditions. Road improvements have increasing the number of visitors to Goa Seplawan. In 2018 there were 9, 889 and in 2019 became 13, 882. This number shows that road construction has an impact on increasing the number of visitors at tourism sites in the Donorejo village.
Early marriage in Yogyakarta
Authors: Aryati Seri , Yulianti Sofi , Hardinasari Rahma
Published: October 2020

This research explains about the beginning of marriage in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). Using descriptive analysis to analyze secondary data collected from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and other related institutions, data processing uses Ms. Excel Software and presented in tables, diagrams, and graphs. This study aims to determine the factors associated with early marriage in Yogyakarta and determine the impact of early marriage. In 2018, there were 312 initial marriage dispensations approved by the DIY religious court. This figure is up from 2017 with only 294 dispensations left. Early marriage is not only caused by environmental factors and economic background. This is related to the era of globalization which makes the association of children. Information that is widely disclosed if not accompanied by reasons and parental supervision will become something as dangerous as free sex. Free sex is one of the causes of early marriage, children or adolescents who do not get a strong provision will fall into promiscuity. The impact that will arise in terms of education can be a loss of opportunities for education, other than that the impact in terms of employment will certainly be hampered due to lack of education and will have an impact on the economy.
Population characteristics and distribution patterns of slum areas in Palembang City: Getis ord gi* analysis
Authors: Sukmaniar  , Kurniawan Andri , Pitoyo Agus Joko
Published: October 2020

The paper aims to describe the population characteristics and the distribution patterns of slums in Palembang City. The research employs a quantitative method with 382 respondents. The data are analyzed using cross-tabulation of IBM SPSS 23 to know the population characteristics. Meanwhile, the distribution patterns of slums are analyzed by observing the sample distribution through the proportional random sampling technique. It is carried out by calculating the number of buildings of each area and noting the coordinates of each sample using GPS essentials application. The data are recorded and inserted into the sample spots on the map, which were then analyzed using the High-Low Clustering Report of Getis Ord General Gi*, to see the distribution pattern, especially the cold spot and hot spot, through ArcMap 103 program. The research found that non-migrant married Moslems dominate the population of Palembang city, with the average occupation is labor or manual worker. The slum distribution forms a low cluster pattern, meaning that it has a low value. The value is due to the government’s effort to manage the city and the development of the market sector, limiting the slum distribution. Getis Ord Gi* analysis revealed that the slum area in the city center and within a dense population is a cold spot (low cluster), while those far from the city center yet are still crowded are hot spots (high cluster).
Timor-Leste population on internal migration, in the analysis of direction, flow, pathways, boundaries, and international procedures
Authors: Purwatiningsih Sri Endang , Sukamdi Sukamdi , Rum Giyarsih Sri
Published: October 2020

This study aims to analyze and evaluate internal migration in the population of the country of Timor-Leste based on Ravenstain’s theory (1885) and Lee (1966) on types of internal migration with respect push to pull and factors and defining the flow, direction, path and boundaries of internal migration in municipal in the country of Timor-Leste. This study uses a quantitative approach, using the concept of lifetime migration and inter-municipal displacement. The analysis of cross tabulation between the place of birth and the place of registration at the time of the CPH-TL2015 has resulted internal migration of population of Timor-Leste first type. This research uses CSpro, and Excel, and GIS analysis tools with the amount of population internal migration is the percentage of migration rates. The results of this study have produced first type internal migration of Timor-Leste, specific forms of internal migration such as residents who have carried out lifetime migration internal with direction and flow through international boundaries and procedures.The geographic position each municipality and special for municipality of Oe-cusse as an enclave is particularly important and significantly new type of internal migration.
Spatial distribution of agricultural land carrying capacity in Purworejo Regency
Authors: Sudrajat Sudrajat , Nugroho Ananda Trisakti , Savitri Elvita , Puspitaningrum Ismi Nuari
Published: October 2020

The increasing population in Purworejo Regency has a negative impact on the availability of agricultural land. As a result, available agricultural land is decreasing it’s carrying capacity, in producing food for the population. Based on these problems, the study was carried out to analyze the spatial temporally distribution trends of the carrying capacity of agricultural land in the Purworejo Regency area from 2009–2018. The study used secondary data 2009–20018 and analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Spatially the results of the study found that there were variations in the spatial distribution patterns of the carrying capacity of agricultural land in Purworejo Regency from 2009–2018, while judging by the trend, there was a tendency for the carrying capacity of agricultural land in each sub-district, the trend of which increased, decreased and some remained . The results of this study also found that the carrying capacity of agricultural land in each sub-district in Purworejo Regency was between 1-≤2.46. If the trend of decreasing the carrying capacity of agricultural land is allowed to continue, the ability of the sub-district to produce food will decrease, so that the availability of local food will decrease. For this reason, it is natural for the Purworejo Regency Government to adopt a policy to control agricultural land so that the sub-districts that become food storage can be maintained.