bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las píldoras educativas: su valoración por los estudiantes de grado de la Universidad de León
Authors: Fínez Silva María José , Morán Astorga M. Consuelo , Vallejo Pérez Gema
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo nos planteamos como objetivo principal evaluar la implementación de una innovadora metodología docente: las Píldoras Educativas. Se aplicó esta metodología en dos asignaturas del Grado en Relaciones Laborales y Recursos Humanos de la Universidad de León. Participaron en la evaluación 30 estudiantes, con una media de edad de 20 años, que respondieron al Cuestionario de Evaluación de las Píldoras Educativas, elaborado ad hoc. Según los resultados, el 96% de los estudiantes valoraron que las Píldoras Educativas facilitaron “bastante o mucho” la comprensión de los contenidos, que aprendieron mejor con esta metodología y que les resultó más motivadora a la hora de estudiar. El 4% restante valoró con la opción “poco” los aportes de la Píldoras Educativas para la comprensión, el aprendizaje y la motivación. Respecto a la pregunta de si consideraron a las Píldoras Educativas mejor metodología que la tradicional, un 93% indicó que “bastante o mucho” y un 6% valoró que esta metodología no era mejor que la tradicional. Se hallaron diferencias significativas en función del sexo en comprensión y aprendizaje. Las mujeres valoraron en mayor medida que los varones a las Píldoras Educativas como recurso eficaz a la hora de comprender los contenidos y aprenderlos. Concluimos que las Píldoras Educativas son un recurso facilitador del aprendizaje y de la motivación en los estudiantes, que tienen la ventaja de la condensación de los contenidos, del atractivo del formato, que al ser online e integrado en las plataformas digitales dan la posibilidad de visualizarlas repetidamente y en distintas situaciones. Como mejoras posibles de esta investigación consideramos que se deberá en el futuro implementar esta metodología en más asignaturas y con más estudiantes.
Homofobia en la escuela: psicología afirmativa gay en el contexto educativo
Authors: Sánchez Torrejón Begoña , Rivera Mera Cristobal
Published: December 2021

En los últimos años ha aumentado significativamente el bullying homofóbico en los centros escolares. El presente artículo surge de la necesidad de escuchar y visibilizar las experiencias vividas por un alumno gay a lo largo de las diversas etapas educativas. La psicología afirmativa gay ofrece un enfoque de conocimiento y comprensión de las realidades y problemáticas concretas de las personas homosexuales. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las vivencias homofóbicas que se han detectado en el acompañamiento terapéutico de un chico homosexual a lo largo de los diferentes ciclos educativos. Hemos utilizado la metodología biográfica-narrativa para dialogar con nuestro informante y acercarnos a una realidad compleja pero necesaria de abordar. Concretamente el instrumento empleado ha sido la entrevista semiestructurada. Entre los resultados obtenidos más destacados se refleja la necesidad de sensibilización y formación en la comunidad educativa sobre las diversidades sexo-genéricas desde una perspectiva inclusiva. A su vez, se pone de manifiesto la carencia de herramientas del profesorado para prevenir, detectar y abordar los casos de bullying homofóbico y promover la inclusión de la diversidad sexogenérica en los centros escolares.
Geochemical Criteria for Possible Identification of Hydrocarbons Generated by Upper Proterozoic Source Rock
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kozhanov D.D. , Khopta I.S. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2021

The article summarizes the literature data of domestic and foreign researchers on the geological and geochemical conditions of the formation and transformation of the original organic matter of ancient Upper Proterozoic strata, as well as key points in understanding the processes of their accumulation at the R-V boundary.
Composition of the magnetic phase of soils on the territory of the protected area “Chernyaevsky Forest“ (Perm)
Authors:   Perm State University, Azina Anastasia Alexandrovna , Vasiliev Andrey Alekseevich ,   Perm State Agro-Technological University named after Academician D.N. Pryanishnikov
Published: December 2021

The territories of industrial cities are objects of active human influence on various natural processes. One of the most acute problems of the present time is the contamination of soils with heavy metals (HM). The main carrier phase of TM in urban soils is technogenic magnetic particles. A common group of particles of technogenic origin are magnetic spherules. The origin of magnetic spherules is associated with the work of industrial enterprises of metallurgical profile, thermal power plants and motor transport. The study of the morphology and composition of the magnetic phase of the soil allows us to identify the sources of pollution. According to the results of magnetic susceptibility, the content of heavy metals and magnetic particles in soils, the level of contamination and their ability to resist it are evaluated. Forest soils are the most sensitive to pollution. Therefore, the study of the composition and properties of magnetic spherules as potential environmental pollutants in Perm is relevant. The composition and properties of magnetic spherules of forest soils in Perm remain poorly understood.
ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS OF TECHNOGENIC COMPONENTS OF MODERN RIVER SEDIMENTS
Authors:   Perm State University, Menshikova E.
Published: December 2021

The author considers approaches to an estimation of toxicity and potential ecological risk of the technogenic components in structure of river sediments of mining territories. We propose the use of an element lithotoxicity factor, which is accounted for by an additional multiplier to the ratio of the content of a single element in man-made components of sediments and its average content in the upper part of the continental earth’s crust. The calculation of the final assessment of the potential environmental risk of anthropogenic components is carried out taking into account their stability coefficient. This coefficient can be their hardness according to the Mohs scale.
PHOSPHORITE ORES OF THE SOUTH URALS AS AN AGROCHEMICAL RAW MATERIAL: GEOLOGY, COMPOSITION, STATE OF KNOWLEDGE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Mustafin S.K. , Rasskazov A.V. ,   Russian State Agrarian University,   RSHA them. K.A. Timiryazeva
Published: December 2021

The state and prospects of development of phosphorite ore resources as agrochemical raw materials of the Russian Federation are analyzed. The geological structure, composition of ores and the prospects for forecasting, assessing and integrated development of phosphorite deposits of the South Ural phosphorite basin are characterized.
PETROLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF THE TASHLY-TAU ORE-BEARING MASSIF (KHUDOLAZ COMPLEX, SOUTH URALS)
Authors:   Institute of Geology, UFRC RAS, Rakhimov I.R. , Kunakkuzin E.L. ,   Geological Institute KSC RAS
Published: December 2021

Petrographic and petrological-geochemical studies of the Tashly-Tau ore-bearing massif rocks of the Khudolaz complex have been carried out. It was revealed that the rocks are rich in hornblende and can be called olivine plagiogornblendites. They are characterized by high concentrations of LILE (Cs, Rb, Sr, Ba) and low concentrations of HFSE (Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, REE). It was established by geochemical thermometry that the parental magma was a water-saturated, moderate magnesian melt containing olivine phenocrysts in an amount of 16–18 wt.%. Sr-Nd isotopic data (εNd (Т) = + 5.2… + 10.3, εSrUR (Т) = 0… + 3.72) indicate a weak crustal contamination of the parental melt by upper crust. The source of the parental melt could be a PREMA-type mantle reservoir.
TOURMALINE MINERALIZATION IN CARBONACEOUS SHALE OF THE BAIKAL DEPOSIT (SOUTH URAL)
Authors:   Institute of Geology, UFRC RAS, Snachev A.V. , Kolomoets A.V. ,   Orenburg State University, Rassomakhin M.A. ,   South Ural Federal Research Center and Environmental Geoscience Mineralogy of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Snachev V.I. ,   Institute of Geology, UFRC RAS, Kisil R.S. ,   LLC "Gold of Udinsk"
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the geological structure of the Baikal deposit, located within the Kumak ore field and confined to the black shale of the Bredy Formation (C1bd). It has been established that the gold mineralization within the occurrence is confined mainly to the members of quartz-mica-tourmaline metasomatically altered carbonaceous shales. Gold is noted here in intergrowth with tourmaline. In terms of their chemical composition, tourmalines belong to dravite and foitite and are close to those of orogenic gold and gold-sulfide deposits. The close intergrowth of thin needle- like tourmaline and gold indicates the synchrony of their formation and allows the manifestation of Baikal deposit to be attributed to the quartz-tourmaline formation.
LITHOLOGICAL AND MINERALOGICAL FEATURES OF THE DEPOSITS OF THE SALIKHOVSKAYA SUITE IN THE SECTION OF THE NEW KRASNOUSOLSKAYA WELL IN THE CIS-URAL FOREDEEP AND THE KUKKARAUKSKAYA SUITE OF THE SOUTHERN URALS
Authors:   Institute of Geology, UFRC RAS, Solodova S.A.
Published: December 2021

The article provides a description of the material composition of the rocks of the Salikhovskaya formation, exposed by the new well Krasnousolsk in the Preuralian foredeep. Based on lithological and mineralogical features, a comparison is made of the deposits of the Salikhovskaya formation in the east of the Russian plate with similar formations of the Kukkarauk formation of the Urals.
PETROLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS
Authors:   Perm State University, Iblaminov R.G.
Published: December 2021

Based on the analysis of the distribution of chemical elements in igneous rocks, their petrological classification is proposed. Identified four geochemical classes: ultrabasicophile, basicophile, andesiteophile and granitophile. In granitophile grade separated bimodal and alkaline subclasses. Classification allows you to predict the formation of mineral deposits in connection with a certain geochemical class.
Estudio comparativo de la Frecuencia Fundamental, Jitter y Shimmer en escolares normo oyentes e hipoacúsicos
Authors: Tolosa-López Silvia , Crespo-Pérez Nora , Llanos-Redondo Andrés , Aguilar-Cañas Sandra , Rangel-Navia Heriberto , Portilla-Portilla Edwin Mauricio , Rivera-Porras Diego
Published: December 2021

Introducción: La función vocal depende el feedback auditivo en este sentido análisis de las variaciones en la frecuencia fundamental y las perturbaciones de la voz en escolares con hipoacusia y normo oyentes permite establecer parámetros de referencias de duración en la transición entre sílabas, tensión, desequilibrio de resonancia, alta frecuencia, dificultades en la coordinación fonorespiratoria y frecuente incoordinación fonatoria con una variación excesiva. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo de alcance comparativo entre los parámetros acústicos de: frecuencia fundamental (FO), Jitter y Shimmer, de 38 escolares, de los cuales 19 Hipoacusia bilateral y 19 niños con audición normal, en edades comprendidas entre 9 a 15 años, habitantes de la ciudad de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander. Resultados: Uno de los escolares del grupo de audición normal presento tapón parcial unilateral que no afecto el umbral auditivo, en relación al tipo de hipoacusia 17 con hipoacusia neurosensorial y 2 con hipoacusia conductiva con grados de moderado a profunda, se encontró asociaciones significaras en variaciones de las perturbaciones en donde el JITTER em mayo en los escolares con hipoacusias y el SHIMMER en mayor en población normo oyente Conclusiones: La hipoacusia, se presenta una inadecuada producción del habla unida a una deficiente comprensión del lenguaje, debido a la incorrecta realización del fenómeno de feedback, será muy difícil la autocorrección de sus dificultades articulatorias.
24 hour movement behaviours and the health and development of pre-school children from Zimbabwean settings: the SUNRISE pilot study
Authors: Munambah Nyaradzai , Gretschel Pam , Muchirahondo Florence C , Chiwaridzo Matthew , Chikwanha Theodora M , Kariippanon Katharina E. , Chong Kar Hau , Cross Penny L , Draper Catherine E , Okely Anthony D
Published: December 2021

Background: In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) released global guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for the early years. The International Study of Movement Behaviours in the Early Years, SUNRISE, aimed to assess the extent to which children aged three and four years meet the WHO global guidelines and its association with health and development.
Objectives: To assess movement behaviours in pre-school children from low-income settings in Zimbabwe and to establish associations between these movement behaviours and adiposity, motor skills and executive function.Methods: Pre-school children/caregivers were recruited from two urban and two rural public schools respectively in Zimbabwe. The caregivers answered questions on the children’s physical activity, screen time, sedentary behaviour and sleep patterns. Children’s movement behaviours were objectively measured using accelerometers. Gross and fine motor skills and executive function were assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 and Early Years Toolbox, respectively. Focus group discussions were carried out with caregivers and teachers on the acceptability and feasibility of the study.
Results: Eighty-one children participated in the study. The proportions of children meeting the guidelines were physical activity 92%, sedentary behaviour 70%, and sleep 86%, and all guidelines combined 24%. Boys and girls were similar (p>0.05 for all variables) for all executive function variables, but rural children had significantly lower inhibition scores (p=0.026) than urban children.
Conclusion: The study adds to the growing literature on movement behaviours and associated risk factors in low-resourced settings. Further investigations of movement behaviours in this age group in Zimbabwe are recommended.
Soil fertility management for groundnut in the lowveld of Mpumalanga and north coastal plain of KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa
Authors: Zharare GE , Vilane NM
Published: December 2021

Smallholder groundnut production contributes substantially to food security in Mpumalanga Lowveld (MLV) and in Manguzi, the northern coastal plain (NCP) of KwaZulu Natal (KZN), both of which are dominated by infertile structureless sandy soils. A study was conducted to obtain information on the chemical properties of the soils to guide fertilizer management for optimizing groundnut production on these soils. Soil samples were collected from representative sites in  MLV and NCP, and analysed for pH, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), phosphorous (P), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) in the peg-zone (0-10 cm depth), root zone (10-40 cm depth) and subsoil (40-60 cm depth). The soils were largely acidic, with pH mostly falling below 5.5. The basic cation concentrations were generally low, and so were Zn and Mn concentrations. Nonetheless, with the exception of P and Mn, the soil concentrations of the other nutrients analysed were within ranges considered adequate for vegetative and reproductive growth of groundnut, though Zn was marginally so. General fertility management recommendations to inform agricultural extension are provided for groundnut production on the sandy soils based on the chemical analyses of the soils.
Appraisal of the management practices of goat farmers in selected districts of the KwaZulu-Natal province: can the extensionist play a role to improve?
Authors: Ntuli L , Fourie PJ
Published: December 2021

The study was conducted to assess management practices by goat farmers in uMgungundlovu of the KwaZulu-Natal province. A total of 70 farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaires. A considerable number of respondents had low-level education (40%) n=28.  Management activities performed by respondents included control of internal and external parasites, which was done by 94% and 96%, respectively. The most vaccinated for diseases were Pulpy kidney (61.54%) and Pasteurella (51.92%). Fifty-five respondents (78.57%) grazed their animals on the veld, while an insubstantial percentage of respondents had cultivated pastures (15.71%) n=11. Respondents provided winter and summer supplementary feed (46%) and supplementary lick (83%).  A total of 17 farmers (24.29%) had a specific breeding season. Breeding management activities were done by farmers, and 5.71% of respondents tested bucks for fertility, while 18.57% provided flush feeding, and 11.43% performed pregnancy diagnosis. Most farmers who applied sound management practices reported elevated production levels.
Review of plant health clinics: a recent phenomenon for effective plant pests and diseases diagnosis
Authors: Rambauli M , Antwi AM , Mudau FN
Published: December 2021

Plant health clinic is a mechanism in which farmers are able to access basic plant healthcare and services from relevant authority in relation to infested or suspected infested plants and plant products for diagnostic purposes. Plant health clinic is an integral part of the plant health system which provides early pest diagnostic and advisory services to farmers. In this paper, it can be further defined as a basic plant healthcare rendered to farmers to enhance and improve plant production thereby diagnosing plant pests and diseases with the aim of employing appropriate pest management strategy. In many countries, plant health clinics operators are extension experts, plant doctors, inspectors and scientists within government and NGOs. Extension support in particular is critical in the operation of plant health clinics. The purpose of this paper is to provide a global overview of plant clinic as a recent ways of plant diseases diagnosis. This paper concluded that plant health clinics are valuable tools which need to be adopted by various countries for smallholder farmers to understand more about plant pests and diseases as well as management strategy. To the contrary, many countries are dependent on national diagnostic services as opposed to basic plant healthcare which is more accessible to the smallholders. This review paper further revealed that plant health clinics’ knowledge, awareness, accessibility and satisfaction of the smallholder farmers are very important. Plant clinics may not efficiently and effectively operate in the absence of the aforementioned aspects. Plant clinics were found to be the most efficient way to reach smallholder farmers for advice.
Application of digital image processing technique in the microstructure analysis and the machinability investigation
Authors:   Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, India, Sheladiya Manojkumar ,   Atmiya University, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Rajkot, India, Acharya Shailee ,   Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology, Affiliated to GTU, Vasad, India, Kothari Ashish ,   Atmiya University, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Rajkot, India, Acharya Ghanshyam ,   Atmiya Institute of Technology and Science, Rajkot, India
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The world is at the stage of creating an interdisciplinary approach that will be implemented in metallurgical research. The paper formulates the technique of image analysis in the study of processing at different depths from the mold-metal interface. The purpose of the work. Processing of a cast-iron workpiece within the first 3.5 mm of thickness from the mold-metal interface is a serious problem of solid processing. The study of machinability at different depths is a key requirement of the industry for ease of processing. Machinability will determine a number of factors, including tool consumption, workpiece surface quality, energy consumption, etc. The method of investigation. Image analysis is performed to determine the percentage of graphite in etched and non-etched samples. K-means clustering allows to create a new image from a given one with a clear separation of white and black areas by converting a digital image into a binary image using a threshold value for segmentation. The volume fraction of perlite, the volume fraction of graphite and the average size of graphite flakes in microns are used as input variables for the machinability of cast iron. Results and discussion. The output, that is, the segmented image, will be the input function for calculating the workability index using formulas. Thus, microstructural analysis will help predict the workability index of grey cast iron ASTM A48 Class 20. Using this method and the program, based on the microstructure, it is possible to predict in advance the characteristics of the machining of the part, taking into account possible changes in the casting process itself.
Study of the stress-strain and temperature fields in cutting tools using laser interferometry
Authors:   Tyumen Industrial University, Russian Federation, Efimovich Igor , Zolotukhin Ivan ,   Tyumen Industrial University, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The efficiency of the metalworking processes highly depends on the performance of the implemented cutting tools that can be increased by studying its stress-strain state and temperature fields. Existing stress analysis methods either have a low accuracy or are inapplicable for research during the operation of the tools made of materials with high mechanical properties. In addition, the study of temperature fields using known methods is difficult due to the small size of the cutting zone, high temperatures, and a heavy temperature gradient appearing during metal cutting. The purpose of this study is to develop new experimental methods for measuring the stress-strain and temperature fields in the cutting tool during its operation using laser interferometry. The methods include: obtaining interference fringe patterns using an interferometer with the original design, obtaining the tool deformation field during the cutting process by recording the changes in interference fringe patterns using a high-speed camera, processing fringe patterns with the separation of deformations caused by heating and cutting forces, and calculating temperature fields and stress distributions using mechanical properties and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the tool material. The advantages of the developed methods include: applicability under real operating conditions of the cutting tool, ability to study the non-stationary stress-strain state and temperatures during an operation, and achievement of a high spatial resolution and a small field of view for the investigated surface. Results and Discussion. The experimental study confirmed the efficiency of the methods. The results of the study included the fields of stresses and temperatures obtained during the orthogonal cutting of heat-resistant steel with a tool made of cemented tungsten carbide WC-8Co. The developed methods can be used to study the cutting tool efficiency at close to real conditions and in obtaining boundary conditions for the study stress-strain state of a workpiece material near the cutting zone.
Assessment of the effect of the steels structure dispersion on its magnetic and mechanical properties
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Russian Federation, Sokolov Roman , Novikov Vitaly ,   Industrial University of Tyumen, Russian Federation, Muratov Kamil ,   Industrial University of Tyumen, Russian Federation, Venediktov Anatolii ,   Industrial University of Tyumen, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The control of the mechanical properties of structural steels is one of the main processes that regulate the service life of equipment. In most technical processes (pressure treatment, welding, rolling, thermal exposure), structure changes both in local areas and in the entire volume. Changes in the steel structure entail changes in its properties and as a result in local areas, at various stages of operation, the likelihood of the occurrence and development of critical defects increases. Its presence significantly affects the performance of the equipment, and leads to premature aging of the material and its failure. Precisely because the control of the mechanical properties of steel remains one of the urgent problems, new control methods are being developed. It is known that all properties of steel depend on the structure of the substance, however, studies on the effect of the dispersion of the structure under consideration on the mechanical properties are presented in an insignificant amount. Purpose: to analyze from a mathematical point of view the influence of the factor of different grain size, as a parameter reflecting the dispersity of the system, on the mechanical properties of structural steel. The paper studies a heat-treated planar samples of steels 15KhSND, 09G2S and St3. Methods of research: scanning electron and optical microscopes are used to study the grain structure and grain boundaries; SIAMS 700 software package is used for finding the boundaries and average data of the grain structure; portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer of metals and alloys X-MET 7000 is used to determine the chemical composition of the test samples in percentage; tensile testing machine IR-50 is used for measuring the tensile strength of samples; Vickers hardness tester is used to determine the hardness of samples. Results and discussion: it is found that there is a satisfactory correlation for the mechanical properties of structural steels (hardness and ultimate strength) and the grain size factor, which can be used to predict the hazardous states of structures and the operating time. The analysis of variance and regression of the detected dependencies is carried out. It is noted that the dropout of some values from the general regression dependence can most likely be associated with a decrease in the value of internal stresses as a result of a decrease in the distortions of the crystal lattice of steel occurring during heat treatment. It should be noted that the processes occurring and the degree of its influence on the properties of the structural steels under consideration can be different due to the presence of different amounts of alloying elements in the composition of the studied steels.
ANALYSIS OF SELECTED BIOGRAPHICAL FACTS ABOUT THE PERSONALITY OF A PERSON WHO ABUSES HIS OR HER POWER IN THE CONTEXT OF A FORENSIC STUDY OF PERSONALITY
Authors:   West-Siberian Institution of the Russian State University of Justice (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Yuan Vladimir L.
Published: December 2021

The article reveals a set of problems related to the forensic investigation of personality when using the method of biographical analysis. The range of problems involves methodo-logical, statistical, forensic, and psychological aspects. The subject of the research was a complex of biographical facts, bearing a possibility of interpretation of personal properties of their bearer. Regularities were revealed in relation to a personality of the person abusing his office. The study used the following general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, system-structural. The following specific scientific methods were used in the study: modelling, statis-tical analysis, comparative-historical, expert assessment. The analysis was carried out by recording data on the defendants' employment activities related to the commission of the offence for which Article 285 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation establishes liability. Among the persons examined, military personnel made up the smallest percentage of defendants, while among public sector employees almost half were employed in the education sector. The article reached a number of conclusions as follows. The development of a criminalistic characteristic of the personality of a person who abuses his powers from the perspective of biographical analysis, it is advisable to begin with the identification of groups of biographical facts that have a pronounced correlation with the predisposition to commit crimes of this type. It is not an unconditional predisposition of persons to commit this type of crime if their biography contains, to a large extent, biographical facts that are interrelated with a predisposi-tion to abuse their position in office. It is necessary to speak about the existence of such a relationship, which has the potential to form tendencies, but at the same time, it is not absolute. The final conclusion is that the biographical analysis reveals a number of biographical facts that have a strong correlation with a predisposition to abuse of power. The information obtained will make it possible to know in advance, at the initial stage of the investigation, a number of typical personality traits of the defendant and to have an idea of other sources of information about him. The information obtained will also make it possible, when planning the investigation of the type of crime in question, to rely on the psychological characteristics already known about the personality of the accused, on the basis of which investigative tactics, such as questioning, confrontation, search, etc., can be developed.
TRANSFORMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW: THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (Moscow, Russian Federation), Zhavoronkova Natalya G. , Agafonov Vyacheslav B. ,   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (Moscow, Russian Federation)
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to identifying current trends in the transformation of environmental law due to the global, supranational nature of existing challenges and threats. The conse-quences of the COVID-19 pandemic, the largest oil and oil products spill in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and other negative events that occurred in 2020 showed the awareness of the globalization and vulnerability of the world, as well as the reality and inevitability of the coming environmental crises, risks and transformations. Despite the progressiveness and technological sophistication of Russian environmental law, the tightening of legal norms in the field of nature management, the reform of control and oversight activities, and the creation of special state management bodies in the field of environmental protection have failed to fully stop the deterioration of the natural environment and prevent environmental catastrophe. Climatic, land, water, biosphere, genomic and other parameters of human survival require a change in the very paradigm of environmental law, implementation of a new modern envi-ronmental policy, development of environmental regulations taking into account the best existing technologies, transition from the concept of "regulating the negative impact" of eco-nomic activity on the environment to a new concept of receiving "technological benefits from the use of environmental technologies". According to the authors, the transformation of environmental law is part of the natural process of its globalisation, "technologisation", and the creation of prerequisites for the transition to a full-fledged ecological economy of sustainable development.
Pattern Recognition: Effectiveness of Teaching Boys Aged 15 a Cartwheel
Authors: Ivanov Dmytro , Ivashchenko Olha , Bartík Pavol
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of the number of repetitions on the effectiveness of teaching boys aged 15 a cartwheel. Materials and methods. The study participants were 20 boys aged 15. The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To solve the tasks set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of trainingtasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, discriminant analysis. Results. The assumption was made about a significant influence of the modes of alternating exercise repetitions and the rest interval on the effectiveness of motor skills development in boys aged 15. The study found that 6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s are more effective than 6 sets 2 times each with a rest interval of 60 s when teaching the ability to assess movement performance by time (p < 0.001). And with the first exercise mode, fewer repetitions are needed to master the entire cartwheel. This is due to the fact that differentiation of time characteristics requires immediate information about the movement performance after each repetition. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of group centroids, it was found that 6 repetitions of the exercise (6 sets 1 time each with a rest interval of 60 s) significantly influence the cartwheel skill development in boys aged 15 during physical education classes. The results of group classification show that 95.0% of the original grouped observations were classified correctly.
Violence as a main symptom of schizophrenia and expressed emotion in relatives of users from Instituto Jalisciense de Salud Mental
Authors: Audiffred Jaramillo Ricardo Ignacio , García de Alba García Javier Eduardo , García Monzón Ivonne , Loza Salazar Carlos Isaac , Limón Cervantes Leticia
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects 21 million people worldwide, and it brings about environments with high Expressed Emotion (EE) in the families of these individuals. High EE is characterized by negative evaluations, criticism, and overinvolvement of family members towards the person with schizophrenia. Objective. Recognize the relationship between the cultural agreement about the symptoms of schizophrenia and EE. Method. The study had a mixed design, with a cognitive anthropology method. The sample had a probabilistic estimate based on Weller and Romney proposal, with a competence higher than 50%, a confidence level of 95%, and 5% of type I error. The 40 participants were selected with a simple randomized probability sampling, conformed by relatives of patients from the Instituto Jalisciense de Salud Mental (SALME). Results. The 45% of the sample showed a high EE according to the Questionnaire for Measuring the Level of Expressed Emotion (CEEE). A single valid cultural model with statistical significance was found, in which violence was identified as the main symptom of schizophrenia. The best-informed relatives showed a lower EE (Mann-Whitney U = 1,000, p #abr# .001). Discussion and conclusion. Schizophrenia disorder has been associated with stigmas that generate rejection and fear. A total of 40% of the world’s population believe people with schizophrenia are dangerous and violent. It must be considered opportune to reconsider the use of the term “schizophrenia”, which is etymologically imprecise and supports stigmas that have excluded and defamed people with schizophrenia for more than a century.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL GROUNDS FOR DEPORTATION AND EXPULSION OF THIRD-COUNTRY NATIONALS FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION’S MEMBER STATES
Authors:   National Aviation University, Voloshyn Yuriy , Mushak Nataliia ,   National Aviation University
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to highlight key issues related to the deportation and eviction ofthird-country nationals from the Member States of the European Union.The article covers the key issues related to the deportation and expulsion of third-country nationalsfrom the European Union’s member states. The research determines that within the European Union most of the issues related to the deportation and expulsion of third-country nationals fromthe EU territory and EU member states are classified as a common immigration policy.The study used a set of methods that defined its purpose and objectives. The authors used acomplex of general scientific and special scientific methods. The dialectical method of cognitionwas used in the analysis of legal relations that are developed within the EU and are in conditionsof continuous development and improvement. The historical and legal method provided anopportunity to investigate the practice of deportation by states at different stages of EU lawdevelopment. The comparative and legal method was used in comparison with the conditions ofdeportation in different European countries.The results of the article are determined by key provisions regulating the issue of deportationand eviction, which serve as legal measures in the fight against the EU and its member states withillegal migration.It has been established that deportation and expulsion serve as legal measures in the fight againstthe EU and its member states with illegal migration. It is emphasized that among the effectivemeans of combating illegal immigrants is the adoption by both the European Union and its MemberStates of the readmission agreements with third countries, which provide for the procedure ofsimplifying the return of persons who do not have legal grounds for staying in the territory of anEU member state, to the country of origin or transit, as well as solving problems related to thereturn procedure, formalizing the effective process of returning persons and preventing problemsin this in the field.The conclusions highlight that in most European countries, the issues of deportation and expulsionare regulated solely on the basis of national legislation, taking into account the standards andnorms of EU law. A number of documents that determine a safe third country have been analyzed.A safe third country is a country that guarantees the right of third-country nationals to apply forasylum.The research analyses the legal instruments of the European Union, which guarantee the right toasylum and provides for compliance with the principle of non-adoption. It is stated that no onecan be expelled or extradited to a state in which there is a serious danger that such a person maybe given a death penalty.There are legal grounds for non-resettlement, and individuals cannot be tortured or punished.
AUDIOVISUAL COMPONENT IN THE CYCLE OF DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIVE FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMPETENCE IN MONOLOGUE PRODUCTION BASED ON IMPLICIT SPECIALIZING OF NON-LINGUISTIC STUDENTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Lutkovska Natalia
Published: December 2021

Background: Video is an audio-visual medium, with the sound and vision being separate components or played together. On the strength of these two modes of video application methodologists distinguish between two basic approaches: 1) manip­ulative prognostic strategy and 2) integrated audio and video combined strategy. The former fosters students’ ability to predict developments in the video content in prospect or retrospect and produce utterances on the basis of what the learners have seen or heard. But the latter strategy is of more communicative value as it presents complete communicative situations with verbal and non-verbal aspects of communication in the real world. Purpose. The purpose of our research is to devise audiovisual implicit specializing with the view to developing integrated socio-cultural and professionally oriented communicative foreign language competence of non-linguistic students at the prima­ry stage of higher education on the basis of integrated audio and video combined strategy. Results. The implementation of audiovisual component implies: 1) meeting the requirements of the National Curriculum for Universities in English for Specific Purposes (ESP); 2) using video for implicit specializing; 3) following successive stages of gradual speech skills development; 4) employing collective interaction patterns. Guided by the Curriculum, we selected videos with typical communicative situations in the areas of economy and tourism. Though covering communication in non-professional spheres, these videos contain quite a number of lexical units that can be employed to develop integrated socio-cultural and professionally oriented communicative foreign language competence at the primary stage of higher education. We also devised successive stages of gradual speech skills development with video and proposed exercises based on role play and collective interaction patterns. Discussion. If compared with implicit specializing on the basis of printed materials audiovisual implicit specializing has a number of advantages. Audiovisual component: - increases the number of lexical units memorized by students twice; - provides the articulation patterns for lexical units of economic and tourist registers to be perceived and followed by stu­dents; - promotes the development of speech fluency at the stage of synchronized reproductive speaking while viewing the video with the sound off; - imparts dynamic character to communicative exercises.
Diagnostic screening character of adnexa inflammatory formations
Authors: Shatunova E. P.
Published: December 2021

Cytological and biochemical investigations of adnexa exudation in 120 patients with chronic purulent and in 80 patients with cute serum form of adnexa inflammation. It was established, that pathological types of cytograms and protein metabolism alteration correspond to the inflammatory adnexa process. The performed analysis reflects depth destruct changing and permits to detect peculiarities, inherent to inflammatory process different forms.
Features of pulmonary thromboembolism in women
Authors: Vasiltseva O. Ya. , Vitt K. N. , Cherniavsky A. M.
Published: December 2021

Pulmonary artery embolism (PAE) is usually a diagnosis of exclusion. Verification of a more common pathology takes time, which may become critical for treatment of pulmonary embolism and saving the patient’s life. Since PAE is an acute disease, the time window for medical care largely determines the prognosis. Therefore, the differential diagnostic process should include thromboembolism already at the first visit. It is important to determine risk factors for PAE taking into account the patient’s personality and gender. Obtained data may help the physician to determine quickly the expedience of visualizing studies, such as ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy, angiopulmonography, computed tomographic angiopulmonography. For women, it is important to collect specific information, such as the presence of large uterine fibroids, use of combined oral contraceptives or hormonal replacement therapy; to ask how long ago the patient had pregnancy and delivery, whether she has thrombophilia or oncological diseases.
Personalized medicine in non-communicable diseases: latest advances and future prospects
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Ivanova A. A.
Published: December 2021

Since the human genome was decoded more than 15 years ago, there has been a huge leap forward in the development of genomic and post-genomic technologies. Personalized medicine is engaged in implementing these technologies in clinical practice by developing new methods for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases taking into account individual features of the patient. Significant progress has been achieved in decoding genetic bases of chronic noninfectious diseases; new markers for the risk of complications and targets for effects of drugs are being searched for. This review highlights promising directions in the development of personalized medicine, the problems facing modern scientists, and possible ways to solve them
Impact of anemia on outcomes in on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery patients
Authors: Kupryashov A. A. , Kuksina E. V. , Kchycheva G. A. , Haydarov G. A.
Published: December 2021

Aim    To study the contribution of preoperative anemia to the prognosis of adverse clinical events (mortality, complications, transfusion) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) after myocardial revascularization in the conditions of artificial circulation.Material and methods    This retrospective cohort study included 1 133 patients with IHD who had undergone isolated myocardial revascularization in the conditions of artificial circulation in 2019. The primary endpoints were mortality and a composite endpoint that included, in addition to mortality, cases of acute coronary syndrome, heart, respiratory and renal failure, neurological deficit, and infectious complications. The secondary endpoints were duration of artificial ventilation of more than 12 h, duration of stay in the resuscitation and intensive care unit (RICU) of more than one day, and duration of postoperative inpatient treatment of more than 7 days. Results    Preoperative anemia was found in 196 (17.3 %) patients. The anemia was not associated with mortality but increased the risk of the composite endpoint, prolonged artificial ventilation, stay in RICU for more than one day, and red blood cell transfusion. Despite the absence of a relationship between red blood cell transfusion and mortality, the use of transfusion was associated with increased risks of the composite endpoint and prolonged stay in the RICU and hospital.Conclusion    Preoperative anemia is a risk factor for adverse outcomes of myocardial revascularization in the conditions of artificial circulation. Timely treatment of preoperative anemia may improve outcomes of the treatment.
Trade in Services in Latin America and the Caribbean: An Overview of Trends, Costs, and Policies
Authors: Giordano Paolo , Ortiz de Mendívil Cloe
Published: December 2021

Trade in services is becoming increasingly relevant. Changing technologies have transformed the landscape, making international trade possible in sectors that were once considered nontradable. But the lack of consistent, reliable data prevents analysts from fully understanding and accurately describing trade in services. Despite this limitation, this report aims to outline Latin America and the Caribbeans competitiveness in global services markets. It concludes that the region still focuses on traditional sectors like travel and transportation, despite some green shoots in nontraditional services, and that costs remain high in comparison with other regions of the world. Furthermore, the regulatory framework in the region is still weak, and although several modern trade agreements are already in place, there is still room for improvement. Sound policies to further develop trade in services and boost competitiveness in nontraditional sectors such as computer or business services would help the region to diversify its export baskets and build trade resilience.
COVID-19 y las migraciones de la ciudad al campo en el Perú: Identificación de amenazas y oportunidades para el uso sostenible del capital natural (Resumen)
Authors: Fort Ricardo , Espinoza Mauricio , Espinoza Álvaro
Published: December 2021

El Perú es uno de los países más fuertemente golpeados por la pandemia del COVID-19 en el mundo. El confinamiento nacional obligatorio que empezó a regir a mediados de marzo de 2020 y fue ampliado en varias oportunidades hasta finales de junio del mismo año, trajo como consecuencia la paralización de diversos sectores económicos y un aumento de la tasa de desempleo de los más altos niveles históricos. Ante esta situación, que ha afectado principalmente a hogares de bajos recursos en las zonas más pobres de la capital y otras ciudades, muchos de ellos se vieron en la necesidad de emprender una migración de retorno a sus localidades de origen donde pudieran encontrar mejores condiciones para enfrentar la crisis. El presente estudio analiza la dinámica de esta migración de retorno hacia zonas rurales durante el año 2020 utilizando información censal y registros de llegada de retornantes, para luego entrevistar a más de 3 mil hogares en 19 provincias y 77 distritos que presentaban los mayores flujos. En base a esta información, estimamos que alrededor de un cuarto de millón de personas, en su mayoría jóvenes solteros, con educación secundaria completa, y de emigración reciente, han retornado a sus lugares de origen rural con intención de quedarse de manera permanente. Este panorama genera una situación sin precedentes en la historia del Perú: una migración masiva de la ciudad al campo que crea presiones demográficas con consecuencias potencialespositivas y negativasen los ámbitos político, económico, social y ambiental de las localidades receptoras. Centrándose en este último tema, el estudio postula una serie de recomendaciones de política para amortiguar los posibles impactos negativos del retorno en la sostenibilidad ambiental de aquellos distritos con mayores vulnerabilidades ecosistémicas, con énfasis en la creación de empleos verdes que apoyen la recuperación sostenible.