bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas e permanência para estudantes na educação superior
Authors: Maciel Carina Elisabeth , Lima Elizeth Gonzaga dos Santos , Gimenez Felipe Vieira
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar as políticas de permanência nas Instituições Federais e Estaduais de Educação Superior - IES, a partir de estudo realizado com as seguintes universidades: Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul - UEMS e Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa analisaram-se ações e programas desenvolvidos pelas IES em destaque. Os dados foram coletados por meio de documentos institucionais e nacionais. Resultados indicam ações desenvolvidas com base em orientações nacionais e estaduais que se materializam como ações que apontam que a expansão universitária pode ampliar o acesso da população à educação superior. Com efeito, as políticas de permanência nas IES são identificadas como estratégias para minimizar os efeitos da desigualdade social e seguem as orientações do Plano Nacional de Assistência Estudantil - PNAES e Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil para as Universidades Estaduais - PNAEST, sendo preciso compreender vários fatores que interferem na permanência do estudante em seus respectivos cursos de graduação.
O Sistema Nacional de Pós-graduação (SNPG) e o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE 2014-2024): regulação, avaliação e financiamento
Authors: Azevedo Mário Luiz Neves de , Oliveira João Ferreira de , Catani Afrânio Mendes
Published: December 2016

Este artigo problematiza a relação entre o Sistema Nacional de Pós-Graduação (SNPG), o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE 2014-2024), o Plano Nacional de Pós-Graduação (2011-2020) e a política de formação de pessoal de educação superior (graduação e pós-graduação), considerando as imbricações entre financiamento, regulação e avaliação. O artigo também trata sobre a formação superior para o magistério na educação básica, bem como sobre potenciais impactos do corte de financiamento da CAPES (2015-2016) por intermédio do Programa de Apoio à Pós-Graduação (PROAP) e do Programa de Excelência Acadêmica (PROEX).
Expansão da educação superior: balanço, perspectivas e desafios
Authors: Mancebo Deise , Assis Lúcia Maria de , Lima Daniela da Costa Britto Pereira
Published: December 2016

Editorial do v. 32, n. 03, de 2016.
PEC 241/55: a “morte” do PNE (2014-2024) e o poder de diminuição dos recursos educacionais
Authors: Amaral Nelson Cardoso
Published: December 2016

O estudo apresenta uma análise da Proposta de Emenda à Constituição no 241, a PEC 241, que procura instituir um Novo Regime Fiscal no Brasil, por 20 anos, em que as despesas com o pagamento de pessoal e encargos sociais, outras despesas correntes, investimentos e inversões financeiras num determinado ano, a partir de 2017, tenham como limite para seus reajustes a inflação do ano anterior. Nesse ambiente de restrições, de longa duração, procura-se discutir se há viabilidade para que se cumpram as metas do PNE 2014-2024, ou estará decretada a sua “morte”. Mostra-se, ainda, o poder da PEC de diminuição dos recursos educacionais quando é examinado o que ocorreria se os recursos financeiros de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação (MDE) e os das Universidades Federais estivessem sujeitos a regras semelhantes à da PEC desde os anos de 1990. As conclusões são alarmantes: o PNE estará “morto” e o poder é de total “destruição”.
Uranium biosorption from aqueous solution by the submerged aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata
Authors: Yi Zheng-ji , Yao Jun , Zhu Mi-jia , Chen Hui-lun , Wang Fei , Liu Xing
Published: December 2016

The biosorption characteristics of U(VI) from aqueous solution onto a nonliving aquatic macrophyte, Hydrilla verticillata (dry powder), were investigated under various experimental conditions by using batch methods. Results showed that the adsorption reached equilibrium within 60 min and the experimental data were well fitted by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. U(VI) adsorption was strongly pH dependent, and the optimum pH for U(VI) removal was 5.5. Isotherm adsorption data displayed good correlation with the Langmuir model, with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 171.52 mg/g. Thermodynamic studies suggested that U(VI) adsorption onto H. verticillata was an exothermic and spontaneous process in nature. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the amino and hydroxyl groups on the algal surface played an important role in U(VI) adsorption. The mechanisms responsible for U(VI) adsorption could involve electrostatic attraction and ion exchange. In conclusion, H. verticillata biomass showed good potential as an adsorption material for the removal of uranium contaminants in aqueous solution.
Chemically enhancing primary clarifiers: model-based development of a dosing controller and full-scale implementation
Authors: Tik Sovanna , Vanrolleghem Peter A.
Published: December 2016

Chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) can be used to mitigate the adverse effect of wet weather flow on wastewater treatment processes. In particular, it can reduce the particulate pollution load to subsequent secondary unit processes, such as biofiltration, which may suffer from clogging by an overload of particulate matter. In this paper, a simple primary clarifier model able to take into account the effect of the addition of chemicals on particle settling is presented. Control strategies that optimize the treatment process by chemical addition were designed and tested by running simulations with this CEPT model. The most adequate control strategy in terms of treatment performance, chemicals saving, and maintenance effort was selected. Full-scale implementation of the controller was performed during the autumn of 2015, and the results obtained confirmed the behaviour of the controlled system. Practical issues related to the implementation are presented.
Removal of cadmium and zinc from contaminated wastewater using Rhodobacter sphaeroides
Authors: Li Xiaomin , Peng Weihua , Jia Yingying , Lu Lin , Fan Wenhong
Published: December 2016

Rhodobacter sphaeroides was used for bioremediation of wastewater polluted with cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn). The tolerance of the microorganism to selected heavy metals (HMs), as well as the effects of pH, temperature and inoculum size on the removal rate, was investigated. The remediation effects of R. sphaeroides were analysed at different initial concentrations of HMs. Bioremediation mechanisms were thoroughly discussed based on the results from the cell characterisation analysis. Cd and Zn could inhibit the growth of R. sphaeroides. However, Cd was more toxic than Zn, with corresponding EC50 values of 5.34 and 69.79 mg L−1. Temperature and pH had greater influence on the removal rate of HMs than inoculum size. The optimal conditions for temperature and pH were 35 °C–40 °C and pH 7, respectively. Initial concentration of HMs and remediation time also affected the removal rate. Rhodobacter sphaeroides had a relatively higher remediation effect under the present experimental conditions. The removal rates for Cd and Zn reached 97.92% and 97.76%, respectively. Results showed that biosorption and HM precipitation were the main bioremediation mechanisms. This information is necessary to better understand the removal mechanism of R. sphaeroides, and is significant for its pilot test and future practical application.
Vanidad y caza de vientos
Authors: Stone Wilkinson Nathan
Published: December 2016

The book of Cohelet (Ecclesiastes) has always been difficult to interpret, because the reader doesn’t know how to receive the categorical skepticism. This article proposes that Cohelet is a literary character, and that the genre is dramatic monologue. The work itself, then, makes fun of the extremely “wise” posture of its character, thus questioning the pretense of the wisdom tradition as such.
Modelo de gestão da educação superior privada brasileira
Authors: Ruas Claudia Mara Stapani , Oliveira Regina Tereza Cestari
Published: December 2016

Este artigo aborda um segmento específico da educação superior, o setor privado com fins lucrativos, focando o Grupo Anhanguera Educacional. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar o modelo de gestão dessa instituição de educação superior (IES) a partir da abertura de suas ações na BM&FBovespa, em 2007, até se tornar o maior oligopólio educacional, em 2012, da América Latina. Dados documentais, estatísticos e entrevista apresentam as exigências e as estratégias para a inserção e permanência lucrativa no mercado de capitais, desse Grupo. Ressalta, ainda, a adoção de um modelo de gestão gerencial oligopólico, com a dominância do capital financeiro, guiado por estratégias racionalizadora, reducionista, otimizadora e padronizadora, apontando como tendência a monopolização do setor, pelo próprio movimento de fusão e aquisição (F&A) observado no mercado da educação superior privada com fins lucrativos.
AN ANALYSIS OF SELF-REGULATED LEARNING ON MATHEMATICS EDUCATION STUDENT FKIP UNDANA
Authors: Samo Damianus D
Published: December 2016

This research aims to explore the differences among self regulating learning aspect of math education students-FKIP Undana involving three groups of students which are the first level (the first semester), second level (fifth semester) and third level (ninth semesters) students to review the ability of the individual. The samples included 167 students that consist of 60 students of the first level (18 with high ability; 27 with average ability and 15 with low ability), 64 students of the second level (16 with high ability, 30 with average ability and 18 with low ability) and 43 students of the third level (6 with high ability, 24 with average ability and 13 with low ability). This research is a survey research. The data collection is done by distributing questionnaires on self-regulated learning to those three groups. SRL questionnaire consists of 10 aspects, goal setting, motivation, learning difficulties analysis, self-efficacy, election strategies, meta cognition, resource management, performance evaluation, evaluation of the understanding, and self-satisfaction. Two-way ANOVA was utilized in the data analysis of this study. The results of the analysis showed that, the first level group is more excellent in SRL than two other levels. In a review of capabilities, the average comparison of all three groups showed that the average-ability students excel both the high and low-ability students in SRL.
PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS’ ABILITY IN MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM-SOLVING THROUGH REFLECTIVE LEARNING
Authors: Ningsih Yunika Lestaria , Rohana Rohana
Published: December 2016

The research aims to determine the mathematical problem-solving ability of prospective teachers’  through  reflective learning.  Reflective learning is a learning process that provides students the opportunity to examine and investigate the problems that is triggered by experience, analyzing of individual the experiences, and facilitate the learning of  the experiences. These lessons are identified to improve mathematical ability students. By using a descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this study were students of Mathematics Education Program in one of private universities in Palembang, consisting of 34 students. This study was conducted in odd semester academic year of 2015/2016. The instruments in this study were mathematical problem-solving ability test, observation sheet, and interview guide. The data were analyzed descriptively. Based on analysis of the data are found that the average mathematical problem-solving ability of students’  through  reflective learning in good categories.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF COURSEWARE BASED ON MATHEMATICAL REPRESENTATIONS AND ARGUMENTS IN NUMBER THEORY COURSES
Authors: Rosita Cita Dwi
Published: December 2016

Courseware have an important role in the achievement of the objectives of education. Nevertheless, it does not mean any learning resources can be used for a type of learning. The teacher should provide and develop materials appropriate to the characteristics and the social environment of  its student. Number Theory courses is one of the basic subjects that would be a prerequisite for courses at the next level, such as Linear Algebra, Complex Analysis, Real Analysis, Transformation Geometry, and Algebra Structure. Thus, the student’s understanding about the essential concepts that exist in this course will determine their success in studying subjects that mentioned above. In trying to understand most of the topics in Number Theory required  the abilities of mathematical argumentation and representation. The ability of argumentation is required in studying the topic of complex number system, special operations, mathematical induction, congruence and divisibility. Ability representation especially verbal representations and symbols required by almost all the topics in this course. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of teaching and learning Number Theory materials which facilitate students to develop the ability of mathematical argumentation and representation. The model used is a Thiagarajan development model consisting phases of defining, planning, development, and deployment. This paper is restricted to the analysis of the results of the materials validation from number theory experts.
Arqueologia Entre Rios: do Urussanga ao Mampituba. Paleoambiente, cultura material e ocupação humana na paisagem litorânea do extremo cul catarinense entre 3500-200 anos AP
Authors: Santos Marcos César Pereira , Pavei Diego Dias , Campos Juliano Bitencourt
Published: December 2016

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de sequência arqueológica regional para a Planície Costeira do Extremo Sul Catarinense, com cronologia média entre os 3.500-235 anos AP. Os dados baseiam-se nos resultados dos estudos realizados no projeto de pesquisa Arqueologia Entre Rios: do Urussanga ao Mampituba (AERUM). O setor Norte do projeto AERUM é apresentado no presente artigo como modelo de integração dos dados. Em 286 km2, foram encontrados 53 sítios arqueológicos relacionados a duas fases paleoambientais associadas ao estabelecimento da floresta tropical úmida na região. Existem quatro conjuntos arqueológicos diferenciados: sítios líticos com pontas bifaciais relacionadas à tradição Umbu; sítios concheiros de diferentes cronologias e associados a Sambaquis Plenos (fase 3), Tardios e/ou Jê Meridionais (fase 4) e Guarani (fase 4); e sítios ceramistas com formação de Terra Preta Arqueológica (TPA) associados a grupos Guarani. Os resultados nos permitiram inferir, em uma perspectiva regional, quais grupos pré-históricos ocuparam a região no tempo e no espaço, assim como suas adaptações culturais às paleopaisagens.
Paleo American finds from Venezuela: evidence to discuss the spread of Fell Points and the peopling of Northern South America
Authors: Nami Hugo G.
Published: December 2016

“Fishtail” or just “Fell” points represent an excellent marker to know and discuss the existence of colonizers hunter-gatherers living in Central and South America during the end of the Pleistocene at about 11000-10000 14C yr BP. Investigations of Venezuelan fishtail points yielded additional data on their manufacturing procedure to help discuss the human colonization of northern South America. The finds from northern Venezuela on the Caribbean Sea yielded a link arguing for the use of the Atlantic slope and the current continental shelf during human dispersal in South America.“Rabo de peixe” ou somente pontas Fell representam um excelente indicador para conhecer e discutir a existência de colonizadores caçadores-coletores que viveram na América Central e do Sul durante o final do Pleistoceno há aproximadamente 11.000-10.000 14C anos AP. Pesquisas com pontas Rabo de peixe da Venezuela proporcionaram dados adicionais sobre o seu processo de fabricação contribuindo na discussão da colonização humana do norte da América do Sul. As descobertas do norte da Venezuela no Mar do Caribe defendem a utilização da vertente Atlântica e da plataforma continental atual durante a dispersão humana na América do Sul.
Coronary artery spasm-one medical entity with different treatment options
Authors: Zdravkovic Vladimir , Vucic Rada , Sreckovic Miodrag , Simic Ivan , Mitrovic Vojislav , Dincic Dragan , Knezevic Slavko , Zdravkovic Nemanja
Published: December 2016

Introduction. Myocardial infarction (MI) is characterized by a critical myocardial ischemia followed by an irreversible myocardial cell damage or death. Case report. We presented two similar clinical cases with the ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) diagnosis due to a prolonged coronary artery spasm, but with different treatment options due to different basic patophysiological supstrates and clinical presentations. Conclusion. Coronary artery spasm is a very complex pathophysiological entity with a different medication therapy management. Although the percutaneous coronary intervention can be the first choice, the treatment strategy should be carefully planned
Differential resistance reaction of maize genotypes to maize stem borer (Chilo partellus Swinhoe) at Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Ghanashyam , Achhami Bhuddhi Bahadur , Neupane Saraswati , Sharma Shila Devi
Published: December 2016

Maize stem borer (MSB), Chilo partellus Swinhoe, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae is one of the most important insect pest of maize in Nepal. Host plant resistance is the cost-effective, ecologically sound and stable approach to reduce damage by stem borers. Forty four maize genotypes were screened for resistance to maize stem borer at the research field of National Maize Research Program, Rampur during spring seasons (March to June) of two consecutive years 2013 and 2014. The maize genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications and data were collected on foliar damage rating, tunnel length and number of exit holes made by the borer. The foliar damage and tunnel length damage were significant for genotypes for both the years. The exit holes were not significant in 2013 but significant in 2014 ranging from 2-6 scale. The foliar rating ranged from 2 to 5.5 in 2013 and 1.1 to 4.5 in 2014 on a 1-9 rating scale. The highly resistant genotypes (<2.0 score) were R-POP-2 and RML-5/RML-8. The tunnel length ranged from 3.2 to 22.5 cm in 2013 and 4.2 to 20.4 cm in 2014 on 0- >10 cm scale. The least susceptible genotypes (<5 cm) were RampurSO3F8, RampurSO3FQ02 and RampurS10F18. The genotypes having least exit holes (2.0) in 2014 were RampurSO3F8, RampurSO3FQ02, RampurS10F18. Thus less damage parameters were observed in R-POP-2, RML-5/RML-8, RampurSO3F8, RampurSO3FQ02 and RampurS10F18 and therefore they can be used as parents or as sources of resistance in breeding program.
Influence of Stigma and Shame on HIV Screening among Women in Prostitution
Authors: Thiruvalluvan E , Shenbagavalli R , Mohana M
Published: December 2016

Background: Shame and stigma brings about undesirable attribute and significantly contributes to the HIV screening and STI treatment seeking, particularly among sex workers. Societal compulsion and feelings of perceived stigma and shame make the sex workers more vulnerable and likely to destabilize their community and the community at large, if no attention is paid. Hence this study was necessitated to document the experiences of stigma and shame and its influence in HIV screening. Methods: This descriptive research was conducted among commercial sex workers (CSW) enlisted by a NGO. Using simple random sampling procedure research team has interviewed 58 respondents. Semi structured interview schedule was used to explore the knowledge, sexuality, experience of shame and stigma. Michigan Alcohol Screening Test brief scale was used to assess alcohol dependence. Written informed consent was obtained from participants prior to data collection. Results: Rates of shame and stigma were high among the study participants. Income, knowledge of HIV, alcohol dependence, and number of partners, access to pornographic films, history of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and shame was independently associated with HIV screening. However, marital status of the respondents was inversely related to HIV screening. Conclusions: Experience of shame associated with the profession was so intense among CSW. This experience of shame acts as a barrier in getting screened for HIV while stigma may not be a powerful barrier. Key words: Sex worker; Stigma and Shame; HIV screening DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v5i2.3071 SAARC J. Tuber. Lung Dis. HIV/AIDS 2008 Vol.5(2) 15-21
Smoking Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Accelerated Hypertension, Spontaneous Pneumothorax, Mediastinal Emphysema Large Aortic Neurysm and Pulmonary Tuberculosis - A Case Report
Authors: Verma PK , Rajpal S , Ranga GS , Dwivedi S
Published: December 2016

Chronic smoking is often associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease, hypertension & aortic aneurysm in elderly people. However its life threatening complications in the form of tension pneumothorax, mediastinal emphysema, and enlarging aortic aneurysm coexisting with pulmonary tuberculosis at times poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We report here with an 86 - year - old male who had mediastinal emphysema, large aortic aneurysm, accelerated hypertension and evidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis aggravated by chronic smoking. He made remarkable recovery following intercostal drainage, anti tuberculous and supportive intensive therapy. Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Pneumothorax; Mediastinal emphysema; Aortic aneurysm; Hypertension; Pulmonary tuberculosis   DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v5i2.3073 SAARC J. Tuber. Lung Dis. HIV/AIDS 2008 Vol.5(2) 26-30
Tubercular Lymphadenitis in Paediatric Patient in E.N.T. Practice
Authors: Chesti M Lateef , Iqbal Irfan , Showkat Showkat A , Qazi Sajad M , Rehman Ayaz , Amin Zarka
Published: December 2016

Tuberculosis is one of the biggest health challenge, the world is facing. Cervical lymphadenitis is a common manifestation of mycobacterial infections encountered in otorhinolaryngologic practices. It may be the manifestation of a systemic tuberculous disease or a unique clinical entity localized to neck. It remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge because it minimizes other pathological processes and eyelids in consistent physical and lab findings. A high index of suspicion is needed for the diagnosis of mycobact cervical lymphadenitis and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a cervical mass especially in endemic areas. Key words: Cervicofacial masses; lymphadenopathy FNAB; HPE; developmental malformations; cystic lesions. DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v5i2.3074 SAARC J. Tuber. Lung Dis. HIV/AIDS 2008 Vol.5(2) 31-35
The Use, Misuse, and Abuse of the National Election Studies
Authors: Wiseman Nelson
Published: December 2016

This paper questions the reliability, significance, and usefulness of much of the data generated by the Canadian National Election Studies, conducted soon after recent federal elections. Using the 1974 Study as its primary reference point, it identifies biases in the survey data on voting behaviour by revealing the gaps between people’s reported behaviour and their actual behaviour. It also raises problems respecting circumscribed sampling procedures and the use of small provincial samples. In addition to methodological criticisms, the paper examines problems of interpretation and conceptualization by referring specifically to analyses of partisanship, regional consciousness and political culture.
Rivers of Sawdust: The Battle Over Industrial Pollution in Canada, 1865-1903
Authors: Gillis R. Peter
Published: December 2016

This article deals with the debate over the pollution of waterways in eastern Canada from 1866 to 1903. Water-powered sawmills, producing lumber largely for export to the United States, poured vast amounts of sawdust and mill waste into major river systems, fouling fish spawning grounds, choking navigable channels and leading to instances of spontaneous explosion. From 1866 onward, criticism of these abuses by the lumber industry grew. The controversy over sawdust pollution focussed on the Ottawa River, where influential lumbermen carried on their operations in sight of Parliament Hill. The battle to end sawdust dumping on the Ottawa — the practice was not stopped until 1903 — led to an important victory for early environmentalists in Victorian Canada.
Leonard Marsh and the McGill Social Science Research Project
Authors: Irving Allan
Published: December 2016

When McGill University received $110,000 from the Rockefeller Foundation in 1930 for a program of interdisciplinary research in the social sciences, the project was the first of its kind in Canada. The McGill Social Science Research Project was directed by Leonard Marsh, a recent graduate of the London School of Economics and Political Science; under his guidance the project produced a substantial number of social science monographs that established for McGill a national reputation for empirical social science research. This article describes the project as it unfolded during the 1930s and the role Marsh played in giving leadership to the research work. The McGill Project was the most important academic research on unemployment carried out during the Depression.
Leonard Marsh and His Ideas, 1967-1982: Some Personal Recollections
Authors: Horn Michiel
Published: December 2016

In the later years of his life, Leonard Marsh came to see himself essentially as an educator, and his work aimed at bringing about an “informed citizenship.” Continually concerned over the question of how social science could reach people on pressing social issues, Marsh never lost his basic Fabian faith in the power of education to change society for the better. Although his unwavering optimism may have been naive, Marsh continued to ask the essential questions throughout his career. As a social scientist and reformer he deserves our continued attention.
The Origins of an Indigenous Ontario Arts Tradition: Ontario Art from the Late Archaic through the Woodland Periods, 1500 B.C.–A.D. 600
Authors: Penney David W.
Published: December 2016

The art traditions of the Middle Woodland period (200 BC–AD 400) established many of the underlying iconographic concepts that informed much of the native arts of central and eastern North America thereafter. Although the ancient Indians of Ontario participated only marginally in the far-flung exchange networks and complex ceremonialism that characterized this period, their artwork indicates conceptual and stylistic relationships with the stronger art traditions of the North American midwest and southeast. With the increasing scope of Ontario native arts during the late prehistoric and historic periods, this link with the ancient foundations established during the Middle Woodland period becomes clearer. This paper examines the artistic historical relationships between the native arts of Ontario and the first great fluorescence of artistic activity in North America during the Middle Woodland period.
Strawberries, Floating Islands, and Rabbit Captains: Mythical Realities and European Contact in the Northeast During the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
Authors: Hamell George R.
Published: December 2016

Fundamental concepts, themes, and dramatis personae from Northeastern Woodland Indian myth are reviewed for their insights into the archaeological, ethnological, and historical records ofIndian-European contact and the contact fur trade. This paper briefly reviews the cognitive role of colour in categorizing and semantically charging Indian biosocial experience; the consequent isomorphism of Indian aesthetic and ideational interests and values in material substances which manifest these colours; the Indian concept of wealth as well-being, of which these substances are primary material expressions; and, finally, the traditional ascription of such wealth to under-(water)world sources and keepers. These mythical realities — as paridigms for behaviour — are then compared for their congruence and interpretive value to the archaeological, ethnological, and historical records of the contact period fur trade.
The Importance of Information and Misinformation in the Making of the Klondike Gold Rush
Authors: Newell Dianne
Published: December 2016

This paper examines the first mass assault on Canada’s remote northern frontier for insights into the state of long-distance communications networks at the end of the nineteenth century and the challenges facing Canadians in the efficient long-distance management of northern resource development. While specific attention is paid to Canada’s involvement in Klondike developments, the main focus is the international context of Klondike publicity. Accordingly, it traces a long series of events—from the early probes on the Alaska-Yukon frontier through to 1898—and examines the quality, timing, and short- and long-distance movement of Klondike news and information.
The Religious Roots of the Feminine Identity Issue: Margaret Laurence’s The Stone Angel and Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing
Authors: Hinz Evelyn J.
Published: December 2016

Although Laurence’s The Stone Angel and Atwood’s Surfacing are central to an understanding of the relationship between women’s identity and religious issues, both works have the effect of questioning contentions of feminists like Mary Daly. Both works do quarrel with "God the Father," but both also emphasize the need for religious support systems and locate the cause of contemporary sexism and alienation in the decadence of traditional religious symbolism and authority. Both works present the monotheism of the Judaeo-Christian tradition and the non-ritualistic aspects of Protestantism as the key problematic features for women.
My Final Hour: An address to the Philosophy Society, Trent University, Monday, 26 January 1987
Authors: Findley Timothy
Published: December 2016

The series "My Final Hour" is an undertaking of the Trent University Philosophy Society, a student organization . Among the distinguished speakers in the series have been Margaret Laurence and W.O. Mitchell . The premise is that the speaker has one hour to offer to his fellow human beings the most important insights and advice he has garnered during his lifetime. In dedicating his "Final Hour" to the memory of his friend. Margaret Laurence, author Timothy Findley faced an audience of over four hundred . He held them spellbound . The Editors of the Journal of Canadian Studies are very pleased to have Mr. Findley’s permission to publish the text of his address.
Political Bucks and Government Billings: A preliminary enquiry into the question of linkage between party donations by business and government contracts
Authors: Wearing Joseph
Published: December 2016

In spite of the current interest in scandal-mongering, the record of corporate contributions to political parties has not been studied for the light it might shed on the practice of patronage in the federal government. The article looks, first of all, at the big donors and the contracts they received; secondly, it examines the big contracts and what those companies contributed to the parties. The conclusion is that, although a number of firms substantially favour one party over the other, the evidence for a connection between donations and the actual awarding of contracts is not dramatic.
Parliament and the Patronage Issue
Authors: Colwell Randy , Thomas Paul
Published: December 2016

In February 1986 the House of Commons approved a procedure whereby standing committees can review (but not veto) certain cabinet nominations and appointments. The article surveys the first year’s experience with the new procedure. The actual scrutiny of cabinet appointments by House of Commons’ standing committees has been highly selective, with the patronage appointments made by the Mulroney government outside of the regular public service capturing most of the parliamentary and media attention. While perhaps adding marginally to the accountability of the bureaucracy of Parliament, the new procedure may also have had the perverse result of adding to public cynicism about patronage in the appointments process.
Patronage: Gentle Reflections
Authors: Ward Norman
Published: December 2016

Patronage is as old as government. It is often associated with great causes, such as the development of responsible government or encouragement of the arts, and it can have its sordid side; but so can the electoral system, which itself relies on appointing powers. Patronage changes with social attitudes, as is shown in rising standards of living within the public service; and with technology, which creates new forms with modern polling techniques, party and governmental advertising, tax and other incentives for new or moveable industries. Much modern patronage, such as affirmative action programs, is not even called patronage. Governments cannot realistically be expected to dispense with it.
Between Patronage and Bureaucracy: Democratic Politics in Transition
Authors: Whitaker Reg
Published: December 2016

The development of patronage practices in Canadian politics, when compared to American and British experiences, shows unique features. Transitions from patronage to bureaucratic forms of redistribution when viewed against the progress of democratization of politics indicate different historical trajectories in the three countries. Canadian politics today retains elite and corporate forms of patronage, but mass politics have been effectively bureaucratized. This creates tensions and contradictions for political parties and limits new forms of democratic expression.
Native Employment and Hydroelectric Development in Northern Manitoba
Authors: Waldram James B.
Published: December 2016

Native people have typically found employment at the lowest paying, least skilled levels in hydroelectric construction projects in Northern Canada. Examining the case of the Manitoba community of “Pike Lake,” data are presented that demonstrate that local labour was not used extensively, that labourers received little certifiable training, and that this marginal labour activity disrupted the existing economy. With the completion of hydro construction, Pike Lake labourers had little option but to return to their previous commercial and domestic fishing and trapping activities, now impaired by the damage caused by the hydro dam.
The Pulpwood Trade and the Settlers of New Ontario, 1919-1938
Authors: Roach Thomas R.
Published: December 2016

During the period between the First and Second World Wars, considerable settlement activity took place in the forests of northeastern Ontario. Despite the clearance of many thousands of acres of trees, the rate of land-abandonment was high. Material recently made available reveals the economic association between the settlers and an active trade in pulpwood cut from their lots. It is argued that, far from assisting in the establishment of farms, this trade hastened the rate at which settlers abandoned their holdings and was a major factor in the depopulation of northeastern Ontario.
Aspects of Canadian Foreign Policy Towards Central America, 1979-1986
Authors: Rochlin James
Published: December 2016

The study of Canadian foreign policy toward Central America represents a significant component of the larger issue of Canada’s role in hemispheric politics. Canadian policy toward the isthmus is fraught with contradictions that stem from the diverse interests that Ottawa must balance when formulating policy to the region. Canada increasingly has distanced its policy from US policy toward Central America. This has occurred in tandem with signals from the Mulroney administration that it is unwilling to accept Washington’s unilateralist measures designed to reassert US global hegemony.
Canadian Cultural Agreements: ’Essentially Political Documents’
Authors: Williams Robert J.
Published: December 2016

A modest feature of Canada’s international cultural relations program is the set of six cultural agreements signed between 1965 and 1984. Detailed examination of the documents and the pattern of signatories reveals that they are intended primarily to assist in the conduct of foreign policy; they are not designed to pursue cultural policy objectives. The Applebaum-Hébert Committee was critical of cultural agreements, but evaluated them largely as potential contributors to Canadian cultural development. Explanations for this perception are considered since that discussion suggests that the nature and purpose of Canada’s cultural agreements are not widely understood.
Margaret Laurence’s The Diviners: The Problems of Close Reading
Authors: Keith W.J.
Published: December 2016

The Diviners, the last of Margaret Laurence’s Manawaka novels, has been the subject of critical unease ever since its first publication in 1974. It is a novel of ambitious scope that demands to be read carefully and closely; at the same time, close reading reveals difficulties related to Laurence’s attempt to tell the story of a writer’s development while simultaneously drawing together some of the loose threads in the novel sequence as a whole. An examination of its verbal and structural elements helps to explain the varying responses that the novel has provoked.
Mackenzie Meets Moodie at the Great Divide
Authors: Belyea Barbara
Published: December 2016

Brian Fawcett’s Secret Journal of Alexander Mackenzie (1985) not only illustrates the conservatism of Canadian literature, but also represents an oversimplified interpretation of Mackenzie’s own journals. It reflects the dominance of the “hostile land" theme in Canadian literature, literary criticism, and history that is summed up in Gaile McGregor’s Wacousta Syndrome (1985), and echoes the narrative approach adopted by Margaret Atwood in her Journals of Susanna Moodie (1970).
Aménagement linguistique et population au Québec
Authors: Paillé Michel
Published: December 2016

Le présent texte met en relation les politiques d’aménagement linguistique du Québec et certains aspects de la démolinguistique. L’auteur aborde d’abord les statistiques scolaires où les effets de la Charte de la langue française sont, depuis 1977, très favorables à l’enseignement primaire et secondaire en français. Par la suite, il compare les données des recensements de 1971 et de 1981 pour montrer les lents progrès de la connaissance du français et de la mobilité linguistique. Enfin, l’auteur estime que la population francophone du Québec déclinera au début du XXIe siècle si sa fécondité ne remonte pas, car elle ne peut compter sur une immigration massive pour assurer le renouvellement des générations.
British Imperialism and the Politics of Ethnicity: The “Warring Nations” of the African Highveld
Authors: Schreuder Deryck
Published: December 2016

Durham’s ‘two nations’ had meaning in other plural British overseas polities. Modern South African history was marked by growing antagonism between white-white forces in a struggle for local supremacy. The Imperial Power imposed a Pax Britannica which scoured metropolitan interests through the politics of ethnicity — Afrikaner republicanism was to be destroyed and a local collaborative South African state to arise, based on the fealty of a predominant white society infused with Anglo-Saxon values. Alfred Lord Milner’s attempts to ‘reconstruct’ South African white society provide a vivid comparative study in following Lord Durham’s resolution for the Canadas sixty years earlier.
Psychology, Sociology and the Secular Moment: The Ontario Educational Association’s Quest for Authority, 1880-1900
Authors: Christie Nancy J.
Published: December 2016

This article examines the “ideology of professionalization” promoted within the Ontario Educational Association by a group of aspiring male educators who found their avenue to cultural authority blocked by an older clerical notion of the teacher as “moral guardian.” After 1885, this group seized upon psychology and sociology, the new sciences being promoted in the United States, in order to legitimate their drive to redefine the role of the teacher to one which stressed the teacher’s ability to promote social and intellectual progress. Though to some degree successful in transforming the image of the teaching profession by 1900, this group of teachers failed to achieve recognition of their status within the universities.
The Welfare State North: Early Developments in Inuit Income Security
Authors: Nixon P.G.
Published: December 2016

The general concern of this paper is the role of the federal government in the formulation and implementation of income security policies for the Inuit of the Northwest Territories, from their beginning through the immediate post-World War II period. Three themes dominate the study: that Canadian social policy during this period was moving to the acceptance of more public responsibility for meeting the needs of individuals; that while this was happening in southern Canada the administration of social assistance to the Inuit diverged from this pattern; and that the correspondence of administrators and other policy actors illuminates the historical rationalizations for what can only be regarded as discriminatory treatment in the application of income security policy to the Inuit.
New Myths for Old: The Loyalists and Maritime Political Culture
Authors: Stewart Ian
Published: December 2016

Although twentieth-century scholars have debunked a variety of myths concerning the United Empire Loyalists, there has been relatively little research on the long-term cultural impact of the U.E.L. Primarily through an examination of modern political values in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, this article calls into question a range of assumptions in the literature about the nature of the Loyalists’ attitudinal legacy.
Against All Odds: The Progressive Arts Club’s Production of Waiting for Lefty
Authors: Bray Bonita
Published: December 2016

Waiting for Lefty was a militant, pro-union play which explored the capitalist system from the viewpoint of working people and exposed its exploitive nature. Its successful but controversial production in 1935 by Vancouver’s Progressive Arts Club reveals much about the adaptability and resilience of working-class protest and the response of the general public to such politicization of culture.
Habitant and Missionary: Ideology and the Voice-of-God in Two 1943 Films on Quebec
Authors: Leach Jim
Published: December 2016

Alexis Tremblay, Habitant and A la croisée des chemins were produced in 1943 for two very different institutions: the National Film Board and the Catholic Church. Although the former is a documentary and the latter Quebec’s first feature-length fiction film, both use similar strategies to cope with the ideological tension between traditional values and progressive ideas in wartime Quebec. In both cases, a voice-of-God commentator is used to broaden the meanings to be found in traditional images. A close reading of the two films shows how their formal arrangement of sound and image reveals the ideological problems even as it attempts to hide them.
Early Doukhobor Experience on the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Adelman Jeremy
Published: December 2016

The prairie frontier is usually seen as an open society. The settlement of over 7,000 Doukhobors asks us seriously to challenge this view. Despite an agreement between Dominion authorities and Doukhobor leaders to respect the claims of the refugees regarding the pattern of land tenure, protection was slowly rescinded. Under pressure from non-Doukhobor settlers and fueled by the conviction that independent ownership by male homesteaders was the best way to effect colonization of the west, the government withdrew land from the Doukhobor reserves. In response, Doukhobors who wanted to preserve community-based proprietorship fled the prairies. Canada’s first attempt at coordinated refugee settlement ended in failure, largely due to cultural insensitivity.
Single-Issue Interest Groups and the Canadian Electorate: The Case of Abortion in 1988
Authors: Kay Barry J. , Lambert Ronald D. , Brown Steven D. , James E.  , Curtis  , Lambert Ronald D.
Published: December 2016

This study addresses the supposition that single-issue interest groups can mobilize a significant number of Canadians, thereby influencing the electoral process. It focuses particularly on the abortion issue, examining the pro-life and pro-choice movements and the fate of candidates supported by them during the 1988 federal election campaign. Through the use of individual and aggregate-level data, the authors question the impact that abortion played in the vote and review the difficulties faced by single-issue groups in exercising electoral clout. They find that most Canadians did not have strong views on abortion, few thought it to be the most important issue or seemed aware of where the candidates stood, and the electoral impact of the pro-life and pro-choice endorsements was insignificant.
The Bren Gun Scandal and the Maclean Publishing Company’s Investigation of Canadian Defence Contracts, 1938-1940
Authors: MacKenzie David
Published: December 2016

This paper examines the role of the Maclean Publishing Company in the Bren gun scandal of 1938 and its subsequent investigation of government defence contracts. The Maclean Company’s investigation turned into a campaign against the Department of National Defence early in 1939, and, after war was declared, into a personal attack on the Prime Minister and his government.
Eroding Innu Cultural Tradition: Individualization and Communality
Authors: Ryan James
Published: December 2016

This study examines the erosion of the traditional communal practices of the Innut of northeastern Canada. It begins with a description of how traders first introduced Innut to the individualization implicit in their dealings, and how these relationships prompted the Innut to abandon collective enterprises. Subsequent permanent settlement in the late 1960s forced Innut to live their lives exclusively within the confines of an individualizing society. The individualization that Innut in the community and Innu children in the school have come to live with induces them to turn away from their traditional communal spirit and accept a more self-oriented approach to life.
L’aménagement de la forêt d’Oka à la lumière de l’écologie historique
Authors: Girard Michel F.
Published: December 2016

Dans cet article, il est question de l'histoire environnementale de la forêt d'Oka, théâtre de la crise opposant les autorités québécoises aux Mohawks de mars à septembre 1990. Le territoire est revendiqué par les Mohawks de Kanesatake depuis dix-huitième siècle. Les arbres de cette forêt, la plus vieille forêt plantée de main d'homme au Québec, stabilisent les sols de la région et protègent les habitants du village d’Oka de l'ensablement. Ils ont été plantés par des autochtones entre 1887 et la fin des années 1910. L'auteur estime que l’étude d’impact efFectuée par les promoteurs du cl ub de golf n'a pas tenu compte de ces variables cl propose des démarches pour intégrer systématiquement les considérations historiques aux évaluations environnementales.
The Bishop and His Deacon: Smith vs. Sutherland Reconsidered
Authors: Kokotailo Philip
Published: December 2016

On the stage of Canadian literary history, A.J.M. Smith and John Sutherland are usually seen as protagonist and antagonist. They should also be viewed, however, as successor and precursor, and — in the terms they used to describe each other — bishop and deacon. To reconstruct the debate between them is to discern that their early opposition gradually collapsed, as Smith incorporated Sutherland's view of Engtish-Canadian poetry into his own. Because both ultimately seek to validate a present unity that harmonizes conflicting past traditions (native and cosmopolitan), the evaluative ideal that informs their anthologies and criticism might well be called literary confederation