bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maximal Exercise Capacity in Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 4–5 Patients Transitioning to Renal Replacement Therapy or Continuing Conservative Care: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study
Authors: Hellman Tapio , Lankinen Roosa , Hakamäki Markus , Koivuviita Niina S. , Pärkkä Jussi , Kallio Petri , Metsärinne Kaj , Järvisalo Mikko J.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with impaired maximal exercise capacity (MEC). However, data are scarce on the development of MEC in CKD stage 4–5 patients transitioning to renal replacement therapy (RRT). Methods: We explored the change in MEC measured in watts (Wlast4) with 2 consecutive maximal bicycle stress ergometry tests in 122 CKD stage 4–5 patients transitioning to dialysis and transplantation in an observational follow-up study. Results: Mean age was 58.9 ± 13.9 years and 43 (35.2%) were female. Mean time between the baseline and follow-up ergometry tests was 1,012 ± 327 days and 29 (23.8%) patients had not initiated RRT, 50 (41.0%) were undergoing dialysis, and 43 (35.2%) had received a kidney transplant at the time of the follow-up ergometry test. The mean Wlast4 was 91 ± 37 W and 84 ± 37 W for the baseline and follow-up ergometry tests, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean Wlast4 declined between the baseline and follow-up ergometry tests in patients not requiring RRT (p = 0.001) and transplant recipients (p = 0.005), but not in dialysis patients (p = 0.478). There were no differences in the ratio of Wlast4 of the follow-up to the baseline ergometry tests (∆Wlast4) between patients on different treatment modalities at the time of the follow-up test (p = 0.097). Mean capillary blood bicarbonate was significantly associated with ∆Wlast4 after adjusting for age and treatment modality in the multivariate linear regression analysis (β = 0.226, p = 0.012). Conclusion: MEC declined or remained poor in advanced CKD patients transitioning to RRT or continuing conservative care in this observational study. Mean capillary blood bicarbonate was independently associated with the development of MEC.
Adenocarcinoma of the Gastroesophageal Junction Masquerading as Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
Authors: Okamoto Takeshi , Fukuda Katsuyuki
Published: January 2022

Mallory-Weiss syndrome (MWS) is a relatively uncommon cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. While most cases can be managed conservatively, frequent transfusions or endoscopic hemostasis may be required in some cases. A 74-year-old man presented with hematemesis triggered by coughing. He had a history of violent chronic cough due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and was placed on aspirin and warfarin after multiple percutaneous coronary interventions and aortic valve replacement. Emergency esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed a mucosal tear in the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) consistent with MWS which was treated with hemoclips. No tumor was seen at the bleeding site on follow-up EGD. Hematemesis after coughing was repeatedly seen 2–5 months after the initial episode. Twelve months after the initial episode, the patient was admitted for pneumonia, heart failure, and tarry stools. Emergent EGD revealed a 30-mm mass at the GEJ, diagnosed as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma on biopsy. Computed tomography revealed multiple enlarged lymph nodes consistent with metastases. The patient died 1 week later due to unrelated acute respiratory distress syndrome. Endoscopists should be aware that cancer of the GEJ may masquerade as repeated episodes of MWS.
Correlation between Frozen Section and Permanent Histopathologic Diagnoses in Adult Orbital Lesions
Authors: Eichinger Sarah E. , Heymann Hans B. , Mbagwu Michael , Knezevic Alexander , Bryar Paul J.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: When indicated, intraoperative use of frozen sections may assist in determining the surgical course or appropriate processing of surgical specimens. Knowing the accuracy of a preliminary frozen section diagnosis is important. The purpose of this study is to determine the rate of correlation between frozen and permanent histopathologic diagnoses of adult orbital lesions, analyze characteristics of discordant cases, and examine the effects of discordance on surgical decision-making. Methods: A 15-year retrospective chart review was conducted at a tertiary care center of all adult patients with orbital lesions for which frozen section and corresponding permanent section tissue diagnoses were obtained. Results: Sixty-five orbital surgeries were performed with a total of 89 frozen sections sampled. In 63 surgeries (96.9%), at least 1 frozen section diagnosis matched the final permanent section diagnosis. Overall, frozen section diagnosis corresponded with permanent section diagnosis in 81 of 89 (91.0%) specimens. Of the 8 (9.0%) specimens from 5 unique patients that did not correlate, the final diagnoses on permanent sections were amyloidosis (5), margin-positive infiltrating breast carcinoma (2), and lymphoid hyperplasia (1). The discrepancy between frozen and permanent sections did not alter care in any patient. Conclusion: Frozen section diagnoses correlate with permanent histopathologic tissue diagnosis in adult orbital biopsies in greater than 90% of cases. Among non-correlated specimens, amyloidosis was the most common diagnosis. Although rare, orbital amyloid disorders may be considered in the differential diagnosis of cases of orbital biopsies with nonspecific findings on a frozen section.
Susceptibility-Weighted MRI and Microbleeds in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Prediction of Posttraumatic Complaints?
Authors: Hageman Gerard , Hof Jurrit , Nihom Jik
Published: January 2022

Background: Only in 7–15% of patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), traumatic CT-abnormalities are found. Nevertheless, 40% of mTBI patients suffer from posttraumatic complaints not resolving after 6 months. We discuss the ability of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), sensitive for microbleeds, to detect more subtle brain abnormalities. Summary: After a search on PubMed, we selected 15 studies on SWI in adult mTBI patients; 11 studies on 3T MRI, and 4 studies on 1.5T MRI. All 1.5T studies showed that, compared to T2, gradient echo, diffusion-weighted imaging, or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences, SWI is more sensitive for microbleeds. Only two 1.5T studies described the association between SWI findings and outcome. In 3 of the 4 studies, no control group was present. The mean number of microbleeds varied from 3.2 to 6.4 per patient. In the 3T studies, the percentage of patients with traumatic microbleeds varied from 5.7 to 28.8%, compared to 0–13.3% in normal controls. Microbleeds were particularly located subcortical or juxtacortical. The number of microbleeds in mTBI varied from 1 to 10 per patient. mTBI patients with microbleeds appeared to have higher symptom severity at 12 months and perform worse on tests of psychomotor speed and speed of information processing after 3 and 12 months, compared to mTBI patients without microbleeds. Key Messages: There is some evidence that traumatic microbleeds predict cognitive outcome and persistent posttraumatic complaints in patients with mTBI.
Let’s Get Personal, Let’s Get Physical: Approaching the Bodily Self in Clinical Interactions
Authors: Hausteiner-Wiehle Constanze , Henningsen Peter
Published: January 2022

Medicine usually looks at the body as a biochemical and physical apparatus – from a distant third-person perspective, with fragmented, reductionist positions, unidirectional causal models, and highly selective foci. Even psychiatrists and psychotherapists focus more and more on the brain as an organ, look at genes and colourful pictures. And just as biomedical medicine stares at physical and chemical facts and ignores the person, one could say that psychotherapy stares at personality, cognition, and behaviour and ignores the body. But the lowlands where being-a-person and having-a-body meetmatter a lot for becoming ill, staying, and getting well. What attitudes and what approaches can help us understand the bodily self? After very briefly summarizing current understandings of embodiment and enactivism, we will suggest some practical consequences for everyday clinical diagnostics.
Long-Term Insufficiency of Oral Intake after Esophagectomy: Who Needs Intense Nutritional Support after Esophagectomy?
Authors: Kanie Yasukazu , Okamura Akihiko , Fujihara Aya , Matsuo Hiromi , Maruyama Suguru , Sakamoto Kei , Fujiwara Daisuke , Kanamori Jun , Imamura Yu , Kumagai Koshi , Watanabe Masayuki
Published: January 2022

Background: Patients with esophageal cancer are at a high risk of malnutrition after esophagectomy, and nutritional support may at times be required for several months following surgery. In this study, we aimed to clarify the clinical features and preoperative risk factors of patients with long-term insufficiency of oral intake after esophagectomy by evaluating the duration of feeding enterostomy placement. Methods: A total of 306 patients who underwent esophagectomy, reconstruction with gastric conduit, and feeding enterostomy creation were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed the clinical features and preoperative risk factors for long-term placement of feeding enterostomy. Results: The feeding enterostomy tube was removed less than 90 days after esophagectomy in 234 patients (76.5%) (short group), whereas 72 patients still needed enteral nutrition after 90 days (23.5%; long group). Although severe malnutrition was observed more frequently in the long group compared with the short group (p = 0.021), overall survival time was comparable between the groups (p = 0.239). Multivariate analysis revealed that higher age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.07; p = 0.021), poor performance status (OR 2.94; 95% CI, 1.10–7.87; p = 0.032), and lower preoperative body weight (BW) (OR 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94–0.99; p = 0.009) were the independent variables predicting the long-time placement of feeding enterostomy. Conclusion: Nutritional support via feeding enterostomy for more than 90 days after esophagectomy was required in 23.5% of patients. The elderly, poor performance status, and lower BW were the independent preoperative factors for predicting the long-term placement of feeding enterostomy.
Prevalence of Delirium in End-of-Life Palliative Care Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Recchia Angela , Rizzi Barbara , Favero Alessandra , Nobili Alessandro , Pasina Luca
Published: January 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of delirium, using the Assessment Test for Delirium and Cognitive Impairment (4AT) in end-of-life palliative care patients. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on end-of-life patients in a hospice or at home. All patients were evaluated with the 4AT for the presence of delirium. Results: Of the 461 patients analyzed, 76 (16.5%) were inpatients and 83.5% (385) outpatients. The median age was 79.5 (72–86) years, and 51.0% were female. According to the 4AT score, 126 patients (27.3%) had delirium (A4T ≥4) at admission, 28 (36.8%) were inpatients, and 98 (25.5%) outpatients. Around 33.8% of the cancer inpatients had delirium, while 20.6% of the cancer outpatients had delirium. The prevalence of delirium varied according to the setting, clinical condition, and life expectancy. In addition, 55.0% (11) actively dying inpatients, within 3 days, had delirium, and 56.7% (17) outpatients had delirium; while among those with life expectancy longer than 4 days, 30.4% (17) inpatients and 22.8% (81) outpatients were with delirium. Conclusions: Our study confirms that delirium is common in cancer and noncancer palliative care patients. Further research on delirium in end-of-life palliative care patients should consider the complexity of palliative care of this population as well as of the characteristics of the settings.
Escenas de reconocimiento-formación de personas con altas capacidades en Rionegro, Colombia
Authors: Montoya-Rodas Simón , Ospina Héctor Fabio
Published: January 2022

(analytical)Giftedness is understood from a pedagogical perspective and understanding of this concept is achieved through hermeneutical work with three young people. This study identifies the voices of the young people who carry this adjective in our country and have not been heard, understood and represented. The authors construct theatrical scenes in which the psychometric examination is presented as a recognition ritual, along with other technologies to produce differences in the school contexts that make up the weird ôƒ²— normal relationship as binomial. The study identifies that giftedness is an unviable identity in the context through conducting cryptic processes. Finally, the authors find a struggle for recognition based on identifying talent through mutual recognition. This would make the existence of people with giftedness viable without being diluted.
Keywords: Recognition, gifted, hermeneutics, identity.
A relação entre mente e gramática: processos sociocognitivos de mudança: construções x-que no português brasileiro
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Lima-Hernandes Maria Célia
Published: January 2022

Tendo em vista a ampliação da produção científica sobre gramaticalização, sobretudo na segunda metade do século XX, as contribuições nacionais alcançaram o cenário mundial, e descrições criteriosas brasileiras com dados empíricos colaboraram para o avanço de pesquisas europeias. Esse cenário foi o esteio para a proposição de mais esta produção científica, que vem à lume engrossar o caldo de reflexões sobre os grandes avanços funcionalistas sobre gramaticalização. É relevante esclarecer que este livro apresenta um recorte transversal em produções realizadas pela autora na área da gramaticalização, que não é o retrato fiel e completo dos estudos desenvolvidos, mas lida com o que de mais básico há em todas as discussões do Grupo de Pesquisa Linguagem e Cognição, coordenado pela autora: a correlação entre fatos linguísticos, fatos sociais e cognição. Isso quer dizer que o processamento cognitivo assume a função de arranjar, de modo funcional, toda a resposta que o indivíduo precisa fornecer às situações comunicativas, tudo isso antes mesmo de o indivíduo manifestar, por meio de material sintático, a informação.
Narrativas jornalísticas para o povo surdo
Authors: Medeiros Diogo de Souza , Falavina Iraci Helena de Oliveira , Baldessar Maria José
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo analisamos produções jornalísticas gráficas, radiofônicas e visuais, destinadas à inclusão do povo surdo e buscando compreender qual o formato e narrativas são mais adequadas para uma comunicação efetiva entre a cultura ouvinte e surda. Quais as narrativas jornalísticas são mais adequadas para a comunicação com o povo surdo, suas principais fragilidades e potencialidades? Há algum meio com mais efetividade de comunicação com o povo surdo? Como vêm sendo realizadas suas produções voltadas aos sujeitos surdos? A partir de um levantamento das produções teóricas e empíricas realizadas até o momento, observamos experiências nos formatos radiofônicos e visuais e objetivamos conceituar qual formato jornalístico é o mais adequado e a partir dele pensar num modelo de telejornalismo em Libras.
As narrativas do jornalismo internacional como instrumentos de tradução: apontamentos sobre a representação de identidades na cobertura da África e do Oriente Médio
Authors: Annunciato Éricles , Lobato José Augusto Mendes
Published: January 2022

Refletindo resultados de uma pesquisa de iniciação científica, este trabalho tem como objetivo central discutir os procedimentos de representação da alteridade em narrativas jornalísticas da editoria internacional, com foco no trabalho executado pelos jornais Folha de S. Paulo, El País, Estadão e Zero Hora – dos quais extraímos quatro reportagens para análise, todas voltadas às regiões do Oriente Médio e Norte da África. Com base em referenciais dos estudos de linguagem, analisamos de que maneira o jornalismo opera como produtor de discursos sobre universos socioculturais e geográficos distantes e identificamos recursos e técnicas usados nos textos – com destaque para o recurso testemunhal e os comparativos e alusões entre nações – para traduzir a cultura do outro e torná-la compreensível ao leitor.
Mudanças estéticas nos desenhos animados
Authors: Braga Junior Amaro Xavier , Paiva Ana Lorena Nascimento
Published: January 2022

Focado na analise do perfil das mudanças estéticas nos desenhos animados exibidos no Brasil, nas últimas décadas, toma como base as questões relacionadas aos padrões artísticos de produção, os avanços tecnológicos e o mercado econômico no qual se envolvem as produções. Teoricamente, foca na estética do nonsense e na sequencialidade para selecionar e avaliar as o papel das mudanças e seus impactos na constituição dos episódios, perfil de caracterização das personagens e tema geral dos desenhos. Avalia a influência do ClassInd – a classificação indicativa – nas estética dos desenhos. Metodologicamente, constitui a análise de um panorama de desenhos animados, selecionados intencionalmente, a partir de uma análise de conteúdo. Propõe, de forma ensaística, novos critérios multifacetados para entender o processo de produção das animações.
Cultura e comunicação pós-massiva
Authors: Montenegro Tatiana Martins , Arazimo Carlos Yander Aguiar , Mello Anna Cecília Chaves Limongi de
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de promover reflexões acerca do cenário atual da música muito popular brasileira, sua configuração histórica e perspectivas.  Por meio de pesquisas de cunho bibliográfico e documental, foram investigados os mecanismos que contribuíram para um entendimento da legitimidade da cultura popular nacional, com ênfase na música e no impacto das novas tecnologias para a produção e disseminação das manifestações artísticas. A partir dos apontamentos levantados, avalia-se que a cena da música brasileira contemporânea é diretamente afetada pelas transformações tecnológicas e macroambientais e que a principal característica da música nacional hoje é o hibridismo, dado que o mesmo define os artistas, as canções, o estilo, o público e os canais de comunicação utilizados para a prática desta manifestação cultural.
Relações entre linguagem, ideologia e persuasão: uma análise do vídeo viral dos Entregadores Antifascistas
Authors: Gebara Camilla Arioli , Mungioli Maria Cristina Palma
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre as relações entre linguagem, ideologia e persuasão a partir de autores que se debruçaram sobre a análise do discurso e a interface entre educação e comunicação, como Adilson Citelli (2001) e Dominique Maingueneau (2004). Para contextualizar essas relações foi utilizado um episódio recente que atingiu determinados níveis da mídia brasileira, o vídeo viral de uma das lideranças do movimento de Entregadores Antifascistas em São Paulo, que explicitou os encontros e conflitos que são parte da comunicação mediada por dispositivos comunicacionais virtuais. Resulta dessas reflexões a noção de que toda enunciação é um fazer crer que demanda compreensão da mediação dos dispositivos comunicacionais que a integram, em conjunto com uma investigação dos signos como produtos históricos, para análise dos impactos dos discursos e seus níveis de persuasão.
Myocardial Rev-erb–Mediated Diurnal Metabolic Rhythm and Obesity Paradox
Authors: Song Shiyang , Tien Chih-Liang , Cui Hao , Basil Paul , Zhu Ningxia , Gong Yingyun , Li Wenbo , Li Hui , Fan Qiying , Min Choi Jong , Luo Weijia , Xue Yanfeng , Cao Rui , Zhou Wenjun , Ortiz Andrea R. , Stork Brittany , Mundra Vatsala , Putluri Nagireddy , York Brian , Chu Maoping , Chang Jiang , Yun Jung Sung , Xie Liang , Song Jiangping , Zhang Lilei , Sun Zheng
Published: January 2022

Background:

The nuclear receptor Rev-erbα/β, a key component of the circadian clock, emerges as a drug target for heart diseases, but the function of cardiac Rev-erb has not been studied in vivo. Circadian disruption is implicated in heart diseases, but it is unknown whether cardiac molecular clock dysfunction is associated with the progression of any naturally occurring human heart diseases. Obesity paradox refers to the seemingly protective role of obesity for heart failure, but the mechanism is unclear.

Methods:

We generated mouse lines with cardiac-specific Rev-erbα/β knockout (KO), characterized cardiac phenotype, conducted multi-omics (RNA-sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, proteomics, and metabolomics) analyses, and performed dietary and pharmacological rescue experiments to assess the time-of-the-day effects. We compared the temporal pattern of cardiac clock gene expression with the cardiac dilation severity in failing human hearts.

Results:

KO mice display progressive dilated cardiomyopathy and lethal heart failure. Inducible ablation of Rev-erbα/β in adult hearts causes similar phenotypes. Impaired fatty acid oxidation in the KO myocardium, in particular, in the light cycle, precedes contractile dysfunctions with a reciprocal overreliance on carbohydrate utilization, in particular, in the dark cycle. Increasing dietary lipid or sugar supply in the dark cycle does not affect cardiac dysfunctions in KO mice. However, obesity coupled with systemic insulin resistance paradoxically ameliorates cardiac dysfunctions in KO mice, associated with rescued expression of lipid oxidation genes only in the light cycle in phase with increased fatty acid availability from adipose lipolysis. Inhibition of glycolysis in the light cycle and lipid oxidation in the dark cycle, but not vice versa, ameliorate cardiac dysfunctions in KO mice. Altered temporal patterns of cardiac Rev-erb gene expression correlate with the cardiac dilation severity in human hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Conclusions:

The study delineates temporal coordination between clock-mediated anticipation and nutrient-induced response in myocardial metabolism at multi-omics levels. The obesity paradox is attributable to increased cardiac lipid supply from adipose lipolysis in the fasting cycle due to systemic insulin resistance and adiposity. Cardiac molecular chronotypes may be involved in human dilated cardiomyopathy. Myocardial bioenergetics downstream of Rev-erb may be a chronotherapy target in treating heart failure and dilated cardiomyopathy.
COVID-19 and the Decline of the Social State in Nigeria’s Federal Democracy
Authors: Isike Christopher , Ihembe Martin
Published: January 2022

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic cuts across all spheres of human life, and it has exposed fundamental weaknesses in political values, governance systems, public health and social life in different parts of the world. In Africa, although with relatively less death rates than initially predicted, the pandemic has also exposed weaknesses in the continent’s political and public health systems. This article analyses how Nigeria’s public health sector has fared against the COVID-19 pandemic in the face of a declining social state and an ascending political state within a skewed federal democracy. This is useful for testing the relationship between effective public healthcare delivery and political systems in Africa.

Distinguishing between the social and political states, the article argues that the social state in Nigeria has declined further in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Dialectically, as the social state declines, the political state ascends, and this is reflected in the considerations that drive the strained intergovernmental relations which characterise the federal and state governments’ responses to the coronavirus. Therefore, like all countries of the world irrespective of ideological leaning and political system, Nigeria needs a strong state with a social component in the long term to combat COVID-19. In the short term, measures aimed at changing the behavior of Nigerians will help arrest the growing tide of infections and death rates.
A Cross-Cultural Study on the Capability Development Difference of Educational Management Technology in China and the West
Authors: Wang Ying , Chen Qiuzhu
Published: January 2022

Against the background of “Internet plus,” western countries have taken a lead in modernizing educational management technology to fit the times. The application of education management technology in China is in a period of rapid development. There are certain differences between China and western countries. In order to adapt to the intelligent trend of contemporary education management reform and improve the national macro education management level, there should be cross-cultural thinking on the differences in the development of educational management technology capabilities between China and the West. Based on the literature analysis of Chinese and Western education management technology and education management theory, and based on the research data of 8 domestic colleges and universities education management technology, we explored the development differences between China and the West in teaching evaluation, multimedia teaching, and teaching decision-making. The results showed that ideology, national conditions and technology are the main influencing factor of the differences in the development of educational management technology capabilities between China and the West. We need to create a cross-cultural education concept conflict, cross-cultural perspective to re-plan the teacher’s positioning, and fundamentally change the concept of teachers to accept Western education management models in China. The application proportion of education management technology should be allocated based on the actual teaching situation, to increase the teaching utilization rate of multimedia equipment, and reduce unnecessary multimedia teaching. Data-driven intelligent teaching decision-making technology should be developed to guide teaching behavior scientifically and efficiently. Finally, we should construct a modern management system in line with national conditions, as well as narrow the gap between Chinese and western educational management.
A distinctive new species of the genus Polyonyx Stimpson, 1858 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Porcellanidae) from Okinawa, southwestern Japan
Authors: OSAWA MASAYUKI , SATO TAIGI
Published: January 2022

The new porcellanid crab Polyonyx deezi n. sp. is described on the basis of two specimens from Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. The new species belongs to the P. sinensis group and may be closest to P. socialis Werding & Hiller, 2019 in the comparatively broad proportions of the carpi of the chelipeds and meri of the ambulatory legs. However, P. deezi n. sp. is immediately distinguished from all other congeners by the median branchial margins of the carapace being bluntly angular and produced laterally and the dorsal surfaces of the carapace and chelipeds with distinct protuberances. The occurrence of P. deezi n. sp. from coral reefs may be unusual in species of the P. sinensis group because many of the known species have been recorded from estuaries or coastal embayments. An identification key to the Indo-West Pacific species of the Polyonyx sinensis group is provided.
A revision of Scutellera (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae)
Authors: RÉDEI DÁVID , TSAI JING-FU
Published: January 2022

The genus Scutellera Lamarck, 1801 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae: Scutellerinae: Scutellerini) is revised. Three species are recognized: Scutellera nepalensis (Westwood, 1837), with two subspecies, S. nepalensis nepalensis and S. nepalensis amethystina (Germar, 1839), stat. nov.; S. perplexa (Westwood, 1837); and S. spilogastra (Walker, 1867), comb. nov. (= S. brevirostris Breddin, 1909, syn. nov.). The included species are redescribed, illustrated, keyed, their bionomics and distribution are reviewed. Lectotypes are designated for Tectocoris nepalensis Westwood, 1837, Calliphara amethystina Germar, 1839, S. lanius Stål, 1854, and Callidea spilogastra Walker, 1867. Scutellera perplexa is recorded for the first time from Nepal, Vietnam and Laos. Scutellera holosericea Dohrn, 1863, is removed from Scutellera and transferred to Procilia Stål, [1865], resulting in a formal combination Procilia holosericea (Dohrn, 1863), comb. nov.; the species is potentially a junior subjective synonym of the Afrotropical P. morgani (White, 1839); its type locality, Java, is considered as erroneous.
Preliminary Assessment of MetOp-Based Temperature and Humidity Statistical Retrievals within the 3D-Var AROME-France Prediction System
Authors: Silveira Bruna Barbosa , Fourrié Nadia , Guidard Vincent , Chambon Philippe , Mahfouf Jean-François , Brousseau Pierre , Moll Patrick , August Thomas , Hultberg Tim
Published: January 2022

The main objective of the study is to evaluate the feasibility and benefits of assimilating satellite temperature and humidity soundings (aka Level 2 or L2 profiles), instead of radiances, from the EUMETSAT Advanced Retransmission Service (EARS) into the AROME-France data assimilation system. The satellite soundings are operational forecast-independent retrievals that used the infrared sounder IASI in synergy with its companion microwave instruments AMSU-A and MHS on board the MetOp platforms. In this assimilation study, L2 profiles are used as pseudoradiosondes, discarding vertical error correlations and the instrument vertical sensitivity in the observation operator due to the lack of available averaging kernels. Three assimilation experiments were performed, the baseline (including all satellite radiances except those from IASI, AMSU-A, and MHS sounders), the control (with observations from the baseline plus IASI, AMSU-A, and MHS radiances), and the L2 experiment (with observations from the baseline and L2 temperature and humidity profiles). The assimilation runs cover the periods of the winter 2017 and summer 2018. The forecast skills of the three experiments are gauged against independent analyses and observations. Despite that the vertical observation operator is not accounted for in this study, it is found that L2 profile assimilation does not have a negative impact on 1-h temperature and humidity forecasts, especially in the midtroposphere. Their impacts are comparable in magnitude to the radiance ones in the operational AROME framework, except in terms of temperature and wind fields during winter where the impact is more negative than positive. These findings encourage further investigations.
Affect Control Theory Applied to Morality
Authors: MacKinnon Neil J.
Published: January 2022

This paper explores the application of affect control theory (ACT) to the study of morality. A concise statement of ACT sets the stage for presenting examples of applying the theory to morality. This includes exploring the moral implications or overtones of social concepts (social identities, behaviors, traits, and settings); computer simulations of impressions created by moral and immoral events; and a discussion of several studies directly applying ACT to morality. The paper concludes with a detailed discussion of what ACT can contribute to moral psychology and the sociology of morality.
The Future of Global Supply Chains in a Post-COVID-19 World
Authors: Panwar Rajat , Pinkse Jonatan , De Marchi Valentina
Published: January 2022

Supply-chain disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are of unparalleled magnitude because of a confluence of circumstances: a sudden rise in demand for some products, unforeseen shifts in demand points, supply shortages, a logistical crisis, and an unprecedentedly quick recovery in major economies. This article maps the changes that will occur in supply-chain planning and management in a post-COVID-19 world. It also reflects on the articles included in this special issue and draws key conclusions about how configurations of global supply chains might change. Automation and digitalization are likely to play a key role in these transitions.
The Ambiguity of Parenting Adult Children With Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Wilburn Victoria G. , Stoll Hannah B. , Rohr Ashley C. , Moring Kelly
Published: January 2022

Background. Substance Use Disorder can impede parent–child relationships. The Theory of Ambiguous Loss provides a structure for occupational therapy practitioners in developing interventions to support the parent–child relationship. Purpose. This study explores the roles of parents of adult children diagnosed with Substance Use Disorder in the context of the Theory of Ambiguous Loss. Method. Volunteer participants were recruited from three urban parental support groups. Inclusion criteria were involved in a support group and having an adult child diagnosed with Substance Use Disorder. Eight mothers and one father participated in semi-structured interviews using a phenomenological approach. Themes and structural descriptions were developed. Findings. Five themes were identified: hopeful coping, occupational interference, changes in social constructs and participation, burdenful caregiving and receiving, and blending of occupations. Themes offer intervention considerations for occupational therapy. Implications. Research provides additional conceptual consideration to build occupation-centered interventions for parents and their adult children in Substance Use Disorder recovery.
Teacher cheating: Are students affected by teachers who cheat? Evidence from a predominately Black district
Authors: Bueno Carycruz , Apperson Jarod
Published: January 2022

As the evidence linking test scores to long-run student outcomes has grown, standardized assessments have become a widely used management tool in education including addressing the racial education gap. One of the concerns with the use of standards tests is the perverse incentive for teachers to alter test scores. The consequences for educators found cheating can be substantial, although little is known about how students are impacted by cheating. Using an 11-year panel of individual-level data on students and teachers from a predominantly Black urban school district where widespread test-score manipulation occurred, we investigated the impact of teacher cheating on subsequent student test scores. To access the impact, we used school-grade and classroom fixed effects as well as measure potential omitted variable bias (OVB). We found that for each additional wrong-to-right altered test question it is associated with a reduced future achievement of between 0.003 and 0.014 standard deviations depending on the specification. Although the evidence from OVB analysis does not suggest that test-score manipulation itself harmed or benefited students. Our evidence also contributes to a growing literature on the importance of sensitivity tests for OVB. We show how failure to conduct such tests could lead to erroneous findings.
Investigation on the influence factors for the fracturing effect in fractured tight reservoirs using the numerical simulation
Authors: Xiong Jian , Liu Junjie , Lei Wei , Liu Xiangjun , Liang Lixi , Ding Yi
Published: January 2022

Taking the fractured tight reservoir of the Fengcheng Formation in Mahu Depression as the research object, the RFPA software, a numerical simulation platform of real fracture process, was used to study the fracture propagation laws in fractured tight reservoirs during the fracturing process. On this basis, the influences of different factors on the fracture propagation laws in the fractured tight reservoirs were investigated, the influences of various factors on fracture propagation were quantitatively analyzed by the gray correlation method, and then the fractability calculation model for evaluating the fracturing effects was obtained by the analytic hierarchy process method. The results show that when the fracture angle is less than 70°, the natural fracture controls the hydraulic fracture propagation direction, whereas when the fracture angle is greater than 70°, the maximum horizontal principal stress controls the hydraulic fracture propagation direction. With the increase of the fracture angle, the hydraulic fracturing area firstly decreases and then increases, whereas with the increase of the fracture density, the hydraulic fracturing area gradually increases. The hydraulic fracturing area increases as the fracture compressive strength, tensile strength and elastic modulus reduction factor increase, whereas the hydraulic fracturing area decreases as the fracture Poisson's ratio reduction factor increases. Based on the gray correlation method, the ranking of the fracturing effect is clarified as fracture density > horizontal stress difference > fracture angle > elastic modulus > compressive strength > tensile strength > Poisson's ratio. Using the analytic hierarchy process, a model for calculating the reservoir fractability index is established, and has a good positive correlation with the dimensionless fracturing area.
Career and Technical Education's Unequal Dividends for High School Students: The Stratification of a New Generation
Authors: Howard Keith E. , Howard Nicol R. , Havard Douglas D. , Wall Andrew F.
Published: January 2022

We examined the relationships between high school CTE participation and indicators of career and college readiness using 2009 High School Longitudinal Study restricted-use data. Regression analyses of 2009–2018 data revealed significantly lower dropout rates for CTE participants, but only White CTE participants experienced better employment likelihood. CTE participants were mostly employed in service or manual labor occupations with below average wages and were significantly less likely to attend a 4-year college. CTE benefits were disproportionate by race and gender, and participation may have a “cooling out” effect on the aspirations of some students. Advising and urban education implications are discussed.
Stability and performance comparison analysis for linear active disturbance rejection control–based system
Authors: Song Jia , Su Jiangcheng , Hu Yunlong , Zhao Mingfei , Gao Ke
Published: January 2022

This paper investigates the stability and performance of the linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC)–based system with uncertainties and external disturbance via transfer functions and a frequency-domain view. The performance of LADRC is compared with the state-observer-based state feedback control (SOSFC) and state feedback control (SFC). First, the transfer functions and the error transfer functions for LADRC, SOSFC, and SFC are studied using the state-space method. It is proven that the LADRC-, SOSFC-, and SFC-based closed-loop systems have the same transfer function from the reference input to the output and achieve the same control effects for the nominal system. Then, it is proven for the first time that the LADRC has a better anti-interference ability than the SOSFC and SFC. Besides, the asymptotic stability condition of LADRC-based closed-loop system considering large parameter perturbations is given first. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of the closed-loop system is carried out. The results show that the LADRC has stronger robustness under parameter perturbations. According to the results, we conclude that the LADRC is of great disturbance rejection ability and strong robustness.
On real-time creep damage prediction for steam turbine
Authors: Sun Yongjian , Xu Bo
Published: January 2022

In this paper, in order to solve the calculation problem of creep damage of steam turbine rotor, a real-time calculation method based on finite element model is proposed. The temperature field and stress field of the turbine rotor are calculated using finite element analysis software. The temperature data and stress data of the crucial positions are extracted. The data of temperature, pressure, rotational speed, and stress relating to creep damage calculation are normalized. A real-time creep stress calculation model is established by multiple regression method. After that, the relation between stress and damage function is analyzed and fitted, and creep damage is calculated in real-time. A creep damage real-time calculation system is constructed for practical turbine engineering. Finally, a numerical simulation experiment is designed and carried out to verify the effectiveness of this novel approach. Contributions of present work are that a practical solution for real-time creep damage prediction of steam turbine is supplied. It relates the real-time creep damage prediction to process parameters of steam turbine, and it bridges the gap between the theoretical research works and practical engineering.
Badante or Bride? Patterns of Female Migration in Italy, Japan, Korea, and Spain
Authors: Estévez-Abe Margarita , Caponio Tiziana
Published: January 2022

This article investigates the intersection of care and migration regimes by comparing four carefully matched familialist countries—Italy, Japan, South Korea, and Spain. These four countries, while sharing a similar familialist culture and welfare regime, responded to the problem of eldercare deficits differently in the 1990s and the 2000s. Italy and Spain developed a ‘migrant-in-the-family model,’ relying heavily on informal eldercare provided by migrant workers whom Italians colloquially call badante. Korea and Japan, by contrast, relied more on marriage migrants, with Korea developing its own variant of the migrant-in-the-family model where the migrant is typically the daughter-in-law. In Japan, some marriage migrants became care workers in the formal eldercare sector. By tracing the historical trajectories of female migration to these four countries, the article identifies a recursive relationship between migration regimes and care regimes. Initial differences in migration regimes shaped the female migratory pathways in specific ways, which, in turn, affected the development of distinctive eldercare regimes. Once these new care regimes emerged, however, they influenced the migration regime in the next cycle. The article contributes to the literatures on the intersection of care and migration regimes by untangling the reciprocal feedback processes between these two systems.
Graduates’ Entrepreneurial Intention in a Developing Country: The Influence of Social Media and E-commerce Adoption (SMEA) and its Antecedents
Authors: Shi Jihui , Nyedu Danquah Solomon Kwadwo , Huang Lin , Lovia Boateng Sheena
Published: January 2022

Entrepreneurship is the key to addressing employment issues among young people and maintaining the sustainable development of a local economy in Africa. As the digital wave has swept across the continent, new technologies, such as social media and e-commerce, have provided essential opportunities for young people to start a business. However, little attention has been paid to the association between social media and e-commerce adoption (SMEA) and youth entrepreneurship in Africa. This study proposes a theoretical model focusing on the effects of SMEA, as well as its antecedents, on entrepreneurship by investigating a sample of 232 graduates in Ghana. Empirical results show that SMEA has a significant association with entrepreneurial intention. In terms of SMEA antecedents, it is interesting to note that internal factors (i.e. social influence, hedonic motivations, and habit) have a more positive effect on SMEA rather than external factors (i.e. performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and facilitating conditions). Furthermore, the results demonstrate that perceived risk is inversely related to SMEA. The mechanism analysis also reveals that SMEA can act as a bridge between worthy antecedents and entrepreneurial intention. The above findings imply that the adoption of social media and e-commerce allows young people in Ghana to take the initiative to start a business, but the perceived risk associated with entrepreneurship should be regulated.
A mock circulation loop to evaluate differential hypoxemia during peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Rozencwajg Sacha , Wu Eric L , Heinsar Silver , Stevens Michael , Chinchilla Josh , Fraser John F , Pauls Jo P
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) creates a retrograde flow along the aorta competing with the left ventricle (LV) in the so-called ‘mixing zone’ (MZ). Detecting it is essential to understand which of the LV or the ECMO flow perfuses the upper body – particularly the brain and the coronary arteries – in case of differential hypoxemia (DH).

Methods

We described a mock circulation loop (MCL) that enabled experimental research on DH. We recreated the three clinical situations relevant to clinicians: where the brain is either totally perfused by the ECMO or the LV or both. In a second step, we used this model to investigate two scenarios to diagnose DH: (i) pulse pressure and (ii) thermodilution via injection of cold saline in the ECMO circuit.

Results

The presented MCL was able to reproduce the three relevant mixing zones within the aortic arch, thus allowing to study DH. Pulse pressure was unable to detect location of the MZ. However, the thermodilution method was able to detect whether the brain was totally perfused by the ECMO or not.

Conclusion

We validated an in-vitro differential hypoxemia model of cardiogenic shock supported by VA ECMO. This MCL could be used as an alternative to animal studies for research scenarios.
Slow Resistance: Resisting the Slow Violence of Asylum
Authors: Saunders Natasha , Al-Om Tamara
Published: January 2022

In this article we seek to expand on the developing interest in Slow Violence and how it relates to immigration and asylum, by exploring how such violence is resisted. Following Foucault’s insight that in order to better understand power, it helps to study resistance to it, we draw on original research into acts of protest by refugees and asylum seekers in Scotland, and connect this to existing research on experiences of and resistance to the UK asylum system. In so doing we offer ‘Slow Resistance’ as a potentially useful concept with which to understand resistance not just to a particular configuration of power relations, but to a particular form of violence. The conceptual utility of Slow Resistance lies in its ability to illuminate: the particular operations of power/violence in the UK asylum system; the multiple forms of resistance to this violence/power; how these forms of resistance may be connected (thus discouraging the ‘silo-ing’ of analysing different forms of resistance); and how time is creatively engaged with by such forms of resistance. If, as has been argued, a particular challenge of slow violence is representational – how to devise arresting images and stories adequate to this form of violence – then resistance has the potential to focus our attention on it, and to gradually prepare the ground for meaningful change. While developed here in relation to the UK asylum system, slow resistance is a concept that we think can be useful in a wide range of contexts in which slow violence operates.