bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tesseract – a high-stability, low-noise fluxgate sensor designed for constellation applications
Authors: Greene Kenton , Hansen Christian , Narod B. Barry , Dvorsky Richard , Miles David M.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Accurate high-precision magnetic field measurements are a
significant challenge for many applications, including constellation missions studying space plasmas. Instrument stability and orthogonality are essential
to enable meaningful comparison between disparate satellites in a
constellation without extensive cross-calibration efforts. Here we describe
the design and characterization of Tesseract – a fluxgate magnetometer
sensor designed for low-noise, high-stability constellation applications.
Tesseract's design takes advantage of recent developments in the
manufacturing of custom low-noise fluxgate cores. Six of these custom racetrack fluxgate cores are securely and compactly mounted within a single
solid three-axis symmetric base. Tesseract's feedback windings are
configured as a four-square Merritt coil to create a large homogenous
magnetic null inside the sensor where the fluxgate cores are held in a near-zero field, regardless of the ambient magnetic field, to improve the
reliability of the core magnetization cycle. A Biot–Savart simulation is used to optimize the homogeneity of the field generated by the feedback Merritt
coils and was verified experimentally to be homogeneous within 0.42 % along the racetrack cores' axes. The thermal stability of the sensor's
feedback windings is measured using an insulated container filled with dry
ice inside a coil system. The sensitivity over temperature of the feedback
windings is found to be between 13 and 17 ppm ∘C−1. The sensor's three axes maintain orthogonality to within
at most 0.015∘ over a temperature range of −45 to 20 ∘C. Tesseract's cores achieve a magnetic noise floor of 5 pT √Hz−1 at 1 Hz. Tesseract will be flight demonstrated on the
ACES-II sounding rockets, currently scheduled to launch in late 2022 and
again aboard the TRACERS satellite mission as part of the MAGIC technology
demonstration which is currently scheduled to launch in 2023.
How does 4DVar data assimilation affect the vertical representation of mesoscale eddies? A case study with OSSEs using ROMS v3.9
Authors: Gwyther David E. , Keating Shane R. , Kerry Colette , Roughan Moninya
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Accurate estimates and forecasts of ocean eddies in key regions such as Western Boundary Currents are important for weather and climate, biology, navigation and search and rescue. The dynamic nature of mesoscale eddies requires data assimilation to produce accurate eddy timings and locations in ocean model simulations. However, data assimilating models are rarely assessed below the surface due to a paucity of observations, hence it is not clear how data assimilation impacts the subsurface eddy structure. Here, we use a suite of Observing System Simulation Experiments to show how the subsurface representation of eddies is changed within data assimilating simulations even when assimilating nearby observations. We examine in detail two possible manifestations of how the data assimilation process impacts 3-dimensional eddy structure, namely, by producing overly active baroclinic instability and through inaccurate vertical mode structure. Therefore in DA simulations, subsurface temperature structures can be too deep and too warm, particularly in dynamic eddy features. Our analyses demonstrate the need for further basic research in ocean data assimilation methodologies to improve representation of subsurface ocean structure.
COMPARISON C4.5 AND NAÏVE BAYES METHODS BASED ON PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION IN LEVELS OF DROP OUT STUDENTS
Authors: Gustian Dudih , Ni’mah Faridatun , Darmawan Agus
Published: August 2022

The high percentage of drop-out students causes a campus management problem, this is because the percentage of students graduating on time is one of the elements of accreditation assessment set by the national accreditation board of higher education. One reason why the drop out rate is still high is because the Management System has not run well, such as lecturer professionalism, campus facilities, academics and administration, student affairs, outside influence and student personality. This study aims to analyze several indicators that can cause student drop outs by comparing the C4.5 method based on particle swarm optimization and Naïve Bayes based on PSO. This study contributes to campus management in anticipating the occurrence of drop outs through indicators that occur and can predict student drop out rates through the classification process. The highest level of accuracy produced from C4.5 + PSO is around 99.32% with AUC from Naïve Bayes is 0.974 categorized as excellent classification.
Performance Analysis of 3 Arms Without Signal Access (Case Study Jl. Raya Bogor-Sukabumi, Jl. Siliwangi-Cibolang, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekan)
Authors: Nurul Aen  , Daniel Ari Susanto  , Dio Damas Permadi  , Isaeva Tatyana Evgenevna
Published: August 2022

One of the types of intersections is the type of unsignalized intersection, the unsignalized intersection which is on Jl. Raya Bogor-Sukabumi, Jl. Siliwangi- cibolang, Jl. Independence pioneer. is the intersection of three arms. This study aims to determine the value of cur/hour and the performance of unsignalized intersections at the intersection. This research method is a field survey, which is carried out by researching directly in the field to obtain the required data. calculation of unsignalized intersection performance data using the 1997 Indonesian Highway Capacity manual method. Results the analysis obtained, the value of capacity from seven days of observation obtained a value of….cur/hour, the value of the degree of saturation DJ=….., too high occurred on the day… at  WIB and the value of the delay is obtained by…. sec/cur. The queue probability value ranges from….% -….%
Decision Supporting System of Granting Loans with Binary Logistic Regression
Authors: Samsul Pahmi  , Ade Hudiana  , Lesri  , Santi Laswati Suryadi  , Lucas Cramer  , Bahadir Ozsut
Published: August 2022

This research aims to identify the existing problems on the Koperasi Karya Usaha Mandiri as skim credit for poor families by granting credit in groups. The issue raised, namely the influence of Decision Supporting System of Granting Loans against credit jam. This research is a type of quantitative research which uses 8 independent variables and 1 dependent variable. Method of data collection in this research is the observation, interviews, literature studies and documentation. This research method uses Binary Logistic Regression to analyze the determination decision granting loans to prospective members and cause bottlenecks in financing micro-credits in Koperasi Karya Usaha Mandiri Syariah.
APPLICATION OF K-MEANS ALGORITHM ON FAVORITE MENU SELECTION AT WARUNG NASI ALAM SUNDA
Authors: Fitriyani Lisnawati , Komariah Neneng , Bintang Fajar Yusef , Saepudin Sudin , Muslih Muhamad
Published: August 2022

Warung Nasi Alam Sunda is a stall that does sundanese culinary business that serves several dishes of various vegetables, soto, chicken, fish, and others. In the application of favorite menu, Warung Nasi Alam Sunda determines it randomly, so it does not match the report given. This research aims to assist the restaurant in determining the favorite menu. This research uses data mining techniques with K- Means. Input attributes in this study include price, taste, favorites. In this study, it can be produced that the results of grouping into 3 groups namely c- 1=fried chicken, c-2=fried carp and c-3=soto betawi. After 9 iterations, the 8th and 9th results are the same as c-1=9, c-2=22 and c-3=16. Then get the highest result as follows fried chicken=53, oxtail soup=49 and intestinal satay=42. Judging from the largest to smallest order of the sample 47 variables taken only 3 representatives. So the highest result is fried chicken. That will be the favorite menu at Warung Nasi Alam Sunda. System design using UML, system implementation using PHP and MySQL. The goal that this study wanted to achieve was to be able to cluster your favorite food menus using the K-Means algorithm
EVALUATION LIFETIME SERVICE AND CAPACITY OF THE KADUMALIK DAM RESERVOIR
Authors: Saputri Utamy sukmayu , Yuli Suharnoto  , Asep Sapei  , Niels vuegen
Published: August 2022

The dam is a construction of water structures built across the river. The function of the dam is to hold and store water, both rain water, river water and water from the lake which will then form a reservoir. Kadumalik Dam is one of the projects of the Directorate General of Water Resources (SDA) of the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) which will be built in 2020 on an area of 500 Ha. The purpose of building Kadumalik Dam is to meet the irrigation needs of the Irrigation Area (D.I) and meet diverse water needs, but the dam can also pose a great risk as well, namely the risk of accumulation of sedimentation. Sedimentation is one of the factors that is very influential in dam management. A large sedimentation rate will speed up the service life of the reservoir so that the planned reservoir function can be disrupted. Therefore this research is important to know how much the dam capacity and how old the dam service. This study uses analytical calculation methods for sediment transport based on observations and calculation methods with efforts to handle sedimentation. Based on the results of the analysis, the sedimentation rate in the Kadumalik Reservoir is 2.71 tons / ha / year and is classified as an erosion hazard class I or very light erosion rate, calculation of the method with sedimentation handling measures results in the analysis of the Sediment Control Building (BPS) can control 2.2 million m3 of sediment, so that it can extend the reservoir service life to 50 years.
Modeling Low Income Vehicle Ownership in Cibadak District
Authors: Hendri Mulyana  , Utamy Sukmayu Saputri  , Ardin Rozadi  , Lugovaya Nika Vyaceslavovna
Published: August 2022

The number and growth of vehicles is a separate problem related to the problem of sustainable transportation. In 2019, the number of motorized vehicles in Indonesia was recorded at more than 448 vehicles per 1,000 people. And specifically for motorcycles, it reaches 365 vehicles per 1,000 people. The growth of motor vehicles is significantly influenced by economic growth as measured by Gross Regional Domestic Product. When compared with the growth of motorized vehicles, it can be concluded temporarily that the high growth rate of motorized vehicles at the end of this decade has an impact on traffic problems on the highway. To see the trend between economic growth represented by regional gross domestic product and motorcycle growth, a model is needed to be useful for policymakers who handle the road in making decisions. The results showed that the growth model of motorcycles in Sukabumi can be approached with a linear regression equation. With the sample from the Cibadak sub-district, the area is classified as a low-income area.
Смена матричных детерминант мотивационной парадигмы в контексте повышения эффективности стратегического управления процессом инновационной трансформации
Authors:   Академия Публичного Управления, Республика Молдова, Сакович Василий
Published: August 2022

В статье рассматриваются потребности и интересы личности, общества и государства, суть которых в условиях инновационной модернизации до настоящего времени в полной мере не исследована. Автор излагает новые научные подходы к роли потребностей и интересов, показывает их важность для повышения эффективности функционирования системы стратегического управления трансформационными инновационными процессами. В определенной степени данное научное исследование восполняют теоретической пробел и будет являться методологическим основанием для практической управленческой деятельности по инновационной модернизации общества и государства.
Asistența judiciară internațională în materie penală privind recuperarea bunurilor infracționale
Authors:   Universitatea de Stat din Moldova, Scorpan Alesea
Published: August 2022

În pofida eforturilor de combatere a fluxurilor financiare ilicite, a spălării banilor și a corupției, milioane de lei sunt scoși din țară în fiecare an și ascunși în alte țări sub formă de bunuri. Fenomenul de crimă frontalieră este în creștere, iar legislația în acest domeniu rămâne în stagnare. Prevederile legislative fiind prezente parțial în diferite legi sau convenții, unele prevederi necesare lipsesc. Astfel, necesitatea unei sistematizări și completări a legislației în domeniul asistenței juridice internaționale în materie penală rămâne una dintre priorități. Practica altor state s-a dovedit a fi cea mai potrivită sursă de inspirație pentru îmbunătățirea și completarea legislației Republicii Moldova, fapt elucidat în această cercetare. Criminalitatea transnațională a arătat necesitatea unor mecanisme îmbunătățite pentru combaterea impactului acesteia, iar facilitarea recuperării bunurilor infracționale au determinat comunitatea internațională și Republica Moldova să adopte numeroase convenții și tratate care rămân a fi incomplete și insuficiente pentru țara noastră.
The Russia-Ukraine war. Causes of emergence
Authors:   Moldova State University, Cebotari Svetlana
Published: August 2022

The Russian-Ukrainian war is not just a regional war. It is the war that marks a rupture in relations between Russia and the West, a war that will have profound repercussions for both Europe and the world. The invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation tends to become the most important military conflict since the end of World War II. Thus, the actions of the Russian Federation in Ukraine become a topic of discussion not only in the chancelleries and in the speeches of Western leaders, but also constitute a topic worthy of consideration for the academic community. This article aims to highlight the causes of the emergence of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The article will highlight the actions taken by the Russian Federation in Ukraine over three decades.
International instruments and procedural aspects in the process of avoiding double taxation in terms of the application of international treaties in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Academy of Public Administration, Republic of Moldova, Cazacu Vitalie , Marit Alexandru ,   Academy of Public Administration, Republic of Moldova
Published: August 2022

The conventions are the norms superior to signatory states’ laws. The object of the fiscal conventions is the restriction of the fiscal super tasks that result from operations that imply outcome transfers as well as, the promotion of development of economic relations with a foreign state. The double international fiscal taxation must be examined according to the fiscal policy peculiarities and the ways of taxation used by different states. That’s why, in order to achieve this goal, we use instruments and means that lead to the double taxation avoidance.
The managerial reengineering of the local public administration through the prism of the national patterns of the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   State Agrarian University of Moldova, Fetescu Cezara
Published: August 2022

The article aims is to identify the possibilities of including in the national patterns of the Republic of Moldova the Western model of managerial reengineering of LPA. In this sense, it will be argued the need to connect the model to the national specifics, as well as to the needs of the community as the final beneficiary of public services. We will identify those key elements meant to redesign the administrative process in the Republic of Moldova through the prism of managerial reengineering, in order to get rid of the principles on which the old government was based by establishing citizen-centered relations, characterized by transparency, responsibility, promptness, collaboration and initiative.
Psychocosmetology - the opportunity to reduce stress in a beauty salon with the use of music therapy, massage, yoga and meditation
Authors:   Instytut kosmetyczny Cosmetology MK, Kolankowska-Trzcińska Marta
Published: August 2022

Excessive, uncontrolled stress adversely affects the human body. The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to increased stress levels in society. The use of stress reduction techniques, proposed by psychocosmetology, such as massage, music therapy, yoga, and meditation, in beauty salons can bring many benefits including stress release. The aim of this article was the analyze the respondent’s opinions about stress reduction in beauty salons by performing psychocosmetology. In addition, the relationship between appearance and well-being was also examined. The results of the study confirmed the influence of using stress reduction methods on the client’s well-being, as well as the mutual influence of appearance and comfort.
The role of stress, circadian rhythm and hormonal changes in acne tarda
Authors:   Śląska Wyższa Szkoła Medyczna w Katowicach, Chałubek Anna , Faruga-Lewicka Wioleta ,   Śląska Wyższa Szkoła Medyczna w Katowicach, Kardas Marek ,   Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
Published: August 2022

Acne tarda is a skin dermatosis that affects adults after the age of 25. It may be primary, recurrent or persistent, that is a continuation of juvenile acne. Stress, hormonal changes in the body and the environment play a crucial role in its etiopathogenesis. The aim of the study was to describe the factors influencing the occurrence and course of the acne tarda. Comprehensive knowledge is necessary for the effective conduct of cosmetology therapies, not only in the field of skin structure, but also in the processes occurring under the influence of various internal and external factors.
The use of bee products in cosmetology and dermatology
Authors:   Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Katedrze i Zakładzie Farmacji Stosowanej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Barszcz Weronika , Wojciechowska Katarzyna ,   Katedra i Zakład Farmacji Stosowanej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie
Published: August 2022

Bee products such as propolis, honey, royal jelly, bee venom, are considered to be a potential source of natural antioxidants. They are capable of counteracting the effects of oxidative stress underlying the pathogenesis of numerous civilization diseases. The aim of the study was to analyze the cosmetological effects of products obtained from bees and to compare the market of cosmetics containing bee products used for skin care. Due to their unique therapeutic effects, they are used not only in cosmetology, but also in dermatology treatments.
Deprivation of Children in the Indian Modern Society
Authors:   Research Scholar, P G Department of Education, Patna University, Patna, KUMAR SUJEET , KUMAR Prof. KHAGENDRA ,   Professor, P G Department of Education, Patna University, Patna
Published: August 2022

The traditional Indian society is hierarchically organised. Each stratum of this hierarchy is defined by the caste of people that constitute it. The caste system is fraught with economic implications and cultural diversities. It is evident from some sociological and anthropological studies (Mandelbaum, 1990; Dube, 1994) that in India there are wide gaps and variations along sociocultural experiences in different social segments. High order of disparities is apparent in economic, social, physical and affiliation conditions. Individuals of various social segments of the population grow with varied experiences due to their varied environments. In facts, Indian socio-economic setup provides a psychedelic array of hues with vast differences in experiential backgrounds. A large segment of rural and urban people in India still lives at the barest subsistence level, suffering from under and mal nutrition, socio-cultural inequality and other serious handicaps such as lack of elementary medical, sanitary and educational facilities.
PRESCRIPTION WRITING AND RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS
Authors: ABADI Dr. SHAIVAD SHABEEHUL HASAN
Published: August 2022

Dr. SHAIVAD SHABEEHUL HASAN ABADI; Dr. MOHAMMAD RASHID IQBAL
VITAMINS AND MINERALS
Authors: JINDAL HEENA
Published: August 2022

HEENA JINDAL; Dr. MOHAMMAD RASHID IQBAL
Pharmaceutical Marketing Channels
Authors: Tewatia Sumit
Published: August 2022

Sumit Tewatia, Dr. Mohini Kalra
Product Life Cycle
Authors: Jindal Heena
Published: August 2022

Heena Jindal, Dr. Narender Yadav
Product Branding
Authors: Ajmal Dr. Gufran
Published: August 2022

Dr. Gufran Ajmal, Heena Jindal
Heterogeneous-vehicle distribution logistics planning for assembly line station materials with multiple time windows and multiple visits
Authors: Fang Weikang , Guan Zailin , Yue Lei , Zhang Zhengmin , Wang Hao , Meng Leilei
Published: August 2022

Aiming at distribution logistics planning in green manufacturing, heterogeneous-vehicle vehicle routing problems are identified for the first time with multiple time windows that meet load constraints, arrival time window constraints, material demand, etc. This problem is expressed by a mathematical model with the characteristics of the vehicle routing problem with split deliveries by order. A hybrid ant colony optimization algorithm based on tabu search is designed to solve the problem. The search time is reduced by a peripheral search strategy and an improved probability transfer rule. Parameter adaptive design is used to avoid premature convergence, and the local search is enhanced through a variety of neighborhood structures. Based on the problem that the time window cannot be violated, the time relaxation rule is designed to update the minimum wait time. The algorithm has the best performance that meets the constraints by comparing with other methods.
CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF PLAQUE-INDUCED GINGIVITIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, MedicalUniversity -Sofia, Bulgaria., Tankova Hristina , Mitova Nadezhda ,   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, MedicalUniversity -Sofia, Bulgaria., Lazarova Zornitsa ,   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, MedicalUniversity -Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: August 2022

Aim: Clinical assessment of periodontal status and subgingival microflora in children aged 10-14 years with plaque-induced gingivitis. Materials and methods: The subject of the study were 34 children. The real-time PCR method was used for the identification of 9 subgingival microorganisms. Results: The studied children showed a probing depth averaging 1.26±0.24 mm and unsatisfactory oral hygiene (FMPS - 62.76±22.94). A generalized form of gingival inflammation was found with values of bleeding sites over 52% (BoP -52.76±17.57) and mild gingival inflammation (SBI - 1.17±0.73). C.gingivaliswas isolated in all children (100%), followed by P.intermediaand P.micros - in 70.6%. Microbial associations ranged from 2 to 8 microorganisms. Conclusion: Children aged 10-14 years are at risk for gingival inflammation because of the pronounced pathogenic potential of the subgingival microflora.
Behandling av alkoholbrukslidelse: pasientfaktorers betydning for gjennomføring og utfall
Authors: Høiland Kristoffer , Egeland Jens
Published: August 2022

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is among the three most common mental disorders in Norway. In general, treatment is provided by interdisciplinary specialized substance use disorder clinics. However, a substantial portion of AUD patients do not receive effective treatments, and we need to develop more efficient treatments that are tailored to the patient. This article presents findings from a clinically situated literature search on the significance of patient factors for completion and outcomes of AUD treatment. We found that severity of alcohol dependence, social network, personality disorders and cognitive impairments were significant factors for completion and outcomes in AUD treatment. Demographic factors such as gender and age were of minor importance. This can be useful hands-on knowledge for clinicians working in the field of addiction treatment when providing and adapting treatment to AUD patients.

Keywords: alcohol use disorder, evidence-based practice, patient factors, treatment outcome, psychotherapy.
A veces tengo y a veces no: la “teoría del caso” frente al activismo judicial y la defensa penal
Authors: Laise Luciano Damián
Published: August 2022

En el curso de la presente investigación se efectuará una revisión de las principales contribuciones que versan sobre litigación penal. A diferencia de lo que tales obras suelen afirmar, sostendré que la defensa no necesariamente ha de contar con una “teoría del caso”. En efecto, la defensa pasiva no consiste sino en desbaratar al caso planteado por la parte acusadora. No obstante, se podría terminar fomentando el activismo judicial, si en el proceso adversarial se insiste en que todas las partes –defensa y acusación– han de contar invariablemente con una teoría del caso. Esto implicaría no solo una conculcación de la separación de funciones, sino un debilitamiento del sentido profesional de los litigantes. Con el fin de superar tales dificultades, primero se reconstruirán los conceptos de “teoría del caso” y “activismo judicial”. Luego se propondrá adoptar el concepto de estrategia como superador de la noción de teoría del caso. La noción de estrategia no solo subraya el aspecto de planificación, sino que también realza la trascendencia de una robusta interacción del litigante con el ambiente en que se concretan las prácticas jurídicas.
Exploring the Ethical Constructs of Dental Patients to Guide Dental Ethics Teaching
Authors: Imtiaz Muhammad , Mahboob Usman , Khan Rehan Ahmed , Yasmin Rahila
Published: August 2022

Objective: To explore the ethical constructs of dental patients to guide dental ethical teaching. Methodology: A grounded theory approach, inspired by the socio-constructivist paradigm was used for data collection. The duration of the study was six months and non-probability, purposive, convenience was used. Dental patients, visiting the various departments of dental colleges in Lahore, Pakistan, were interviewed to explore their ethical constructs and thematic analysis was done. Results: Nineteen dental patients were interviewed. Three themes were derived from four hundred and sixty-two codes. Three themes were: dental patient ethical constructs, dental ethics teaching, and ethical context. Honesty, good communication ethics and respect for patients were the main ethical constructs of dental patients. Dental patients also emphasized effective ethics teaching and assessment. Finally, for dental patients, religion and economic condition were two main contextual factors affecting ethical constructs. Conclusion: Dental patients desire honesty, good communication ethics, and respect for patient from dental students. The patients defined ethical context and ethical constructs may help curriculum developers to contextualize and emphasize dental ethics teaching. Religion and the financial aspect are the two contextual factors effecting ethical construct that play key roles. Keywords: Dental ethics, dental patients, dental ethics teaching, dental curriculum, ethical context, dental patients’ ethical constructs.
Heparin Low Doses and Standard Doses Effect on Trans-Radial Catheterization
Authors: Zafarullah Muhammad , Ahmad Gulshan , Raza Butt Muhammad Ahmad , Ashraf Muhammad Imran , Khan Muhammad Suleman , Farooq Umar
Published: August 2022

Background: Transradial artery is being utilized by an expanding number of interventional cardiologists to perform percutaneous interventions. Nevertheless, occlusion of radial artery (RAO) is prominent after transradial (TR) catheterization. Use of anticoagulant drugs is one way to prevent RAO. The conventional dose of heparin is (2000IU-3000IU or 50IU/kg) and high-dose is (5000IU or 100IU/kg). The use of high-dose heparin and standard-dose heparin is still debatable. Objective: The present study will analyze the non-randomized controlled trials of standard and high dose of heparin for the prevention of radial artery occlusion after transradial catheterization. Methodology: A prospective double-blinded non-randomized controlled trial was carried out. Demographic data related to socio-economic status such as their age, occupation, gender, and smoking habits were collected. Grouping was done so that patients may either be placed in group 1 which will receive 2500UI or into group 2 which will get 5000UI of unfractionated heparin. RAO was the key endpoint of our study. Major bleeding, hematomas and radial artery spasm were secondary outcome measure. Results: 471 patients were made part of this study. 235 patients were placed in group A which received 2500IU and 236 were placed in group B which received 5000IU. RAO was noted to be significantly higher in the group the received the standard dose of UFH as compared to the group that received high dose UFH (8 % vs. 3.3 %, p = 0.005). Female gender (OR: 2.951, 95% CI: 1.57-5.46, p = 0.002), hypertension (OR: 0.02, 95% CI: p = 0.005 and standard dose UFH (OR: 2.822, 95% CI: 1.343 – 5.911, p = . 0.007) were found to be the independent predictors of RAO. Conclusion: Weight-adjusted higher dosage of UFH in TRA for diagnosis yielded remarkable results in reducing the rates of early RAO against the standard administered dosage
Frequency of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing PCI
Authors: Zafarullah Muhammad , Ahmad Gulshan , Khan Muhammad Suleman , Butt Muhammad Ahmad Raza , Farooq Umar , Ashraf Muhammad Imran
Published: August 2022

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is accompanied by a considerable increase in illness and death following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Aim: The present work aims to detect the frequencies of patients with different risk factors that affected how much with CIN Percutaneous coronary intervention. Methodology: This is a planned distinct study that included 200 patients that received PCI at the Punjab Institute of Cardiology in Punjab, Pakistan. Regarding the baseline values, a CIN was described as a 25 percent or 0.5 mg/dl increase in serum creatinine after 48 hours following PCI. Several reliable indicators of CIN were examined in this study like patient’s demographics (age and gender), Body mass index (kg/m2), Co-morbidities and Serological parameters as well as angiographic and practical characteristics of patients. Results: Out of 200 patients, (11%) developed contrast nephropathy and the (89%) didn’t. CIN patients were found to be older, more commonly males, more likely to have Diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia as well as Hypertension, and higher levels of peak creatine kinase and LDL (mg/dl). In the CIN group, the causative artery was found in the left anterior descending artery more frequently and the patients (100%) in the CIN group who received contrast volume > 100ml developed CIN more frequently, significantly than those without CIN (22.4%,) at p< 0.001. Keywords: Percutaneous coronary intervention, Contrast-induced nephropathy, serum creatinine, diabetes, and hypertension.
The Correlation Between Toll-Like Receptor-5 Gene Polymorphism with Serum Level of Toll–Like Receptor-5 and Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-12 Response to Toxoplasma Gondii in Pregnant Women
Authors: Al-Baldawy Adel Neama , Al-Marsomy Huda Dhaher , Kahleel Inas Ismail
Published: August 2022

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that can cause variable clinical symptoms or can even be asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals. The parasite is known to cause congenital diseases, ocular, and miscarriage in pregnant women. Primary infections are dangerous in pregnant women, that occurring usually asymptomatically, especially in the first trimester. Different rates of pregnant women are infected with Toxoplasma gondii in different countries. Primary infections in pregnant women result in transmission of Toxoplasma. gondii through the placenta to the fetus and then in congenital infections, and it is not the only reason for miscarriage, the activity of Toll -like receptors in defense against Toxoplasma gondii infections was observed such as Toll-like receptor5 molecule, and some cytokines (such as IL-6, and IL-12 ), maybe lead to abortion. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) residing in genes encoding these receptors were reported as significant genetic modifications of Toll- like receptors and correlated with miscarriage. Objectives : Study the correlation of TLR-5 gene polymorphism in pregnant women infected with toxoplasmosis, and study association of TLR-5 polymorphisms with the serum level of TLR-5 and cytokines (IL-6, IL-12) in pregnant women infected with toxoplasmosis. Methods: The present Case-control study was conducted on 100 women, of which fifty pregnant women seropositive (IgG, IgM) for Toxoplasma gondii (Group1), fifty pregnant women seronegative (IgG, IgM) for Toxoplasma gondii (Group2), as a control group, collected in the period from January 2021 to December 2021.
Comparison the Role of Some Novel Biomarkers in Predicting Diabetic Nephropathy Between Diabetic Type 2 and Chronic Kidney Diseases Patients in Kirkuk City
Authors: Hadi Omar Haitham , Riji Firas Faris
Published: August 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus most dangerous metabolic disorder and have high morbidity and mortality complications, the most DM complication is diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy( DN) is an irreversible progressive disorder characterized by increased urine albumin excretion and/or impaired GFR. DM causes about 50 % of kidndiseasesase. An increase in prevalence of diabetes is projected to lead to a significant increase in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT), and up to 50% of the dialysis population is diabetic. We study 30 Diabetic patients with Chronic kidney diseases with hemodialysis ,30 diabetic patient with chronic kidney disease with out hemodialysis , 15 patient with diabetes only , and 15 control group .we measured kidney injury molecule-1 , liver type fatty acid binding protein ,zinc alpha 2 glycoprotein , serum creatinine ,uric acid .blood urea and random blood sugar .results showed that highest KIM-1 concentration in diabetic nephropathy with hemodialysis group (2.325± 1.095) followed by control group (1.842 ±0.866 ab )and followed with diabetes group (1.572 ±0.752 b ) and lowest mean level was diabetic nephropathy without hemodialysis group (1.344 ±0.623 b ) with highly significant differences (p < 0.001) of KIM-1 among groups .The highest mean level of L-FABP was recorded in diabetic nephropathy with hemodialysis group (254.6 ± 29.6 a ) followed by the control group (235.8 ± 28.9) and followed by diabetic group ( 9210.3 ± 28.7 ab )and the lowest mean level was diabetic nephropathy without hemodialysis group (149.5 ±25.9 a) with significant difference (P<0.002) of L-FABP among groups .The study showed that the highest mean level of ZAG recorded in diabetic nephropathy with hemodialysis group (140.1 ± 23.6 a) followed by control group( 130.9 ±11.5 a)and the lowest mean level was in diabetes group (88.3 ± 14.0 b ) and diabetic nephropathy without hemodialysis group (87.4 ± 19.60 b ) respectively with highly significant difference (P<0.0003). Aims: Role of biomarkers (KIM-1, L-FABP, ZAG) in detection early development of diabetic nephropathy .Correlation between biomarkers (KIM-1, L-FABP, ZAG) and progression of diabetic nephropathy to end stage of renal disease .Estimate how much relationship between biomolecules (creatinine , urea and uric acid ) with diabetes and its complication Methodology :The study included 90 individuals from Kirkuk city / Blood sample collected from patient and analysis was conducted to estimate concentration using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA),and biochemicals using spectrophotometers . Keywords: Diabetes, diabetic nephropathy , chronic kidney disease ,kidney biomarkers
Design and Experimental of Portable Conical Solar Still and Study Parameters
Authors: Mohammad Khadija .A., , Mahmood Yaseen. H.
Published: August 2022

The lack of drinking water in remote and semi-desert areas, as a result of the lack of fuel and its high price. The trend towards renewable energy, including solar energy, has increased. In this paper a conical type solar distiller has been manufactured and practically experimented with the purposes of distilling the water of wells in Mosul . He studied the high temperature distilled over time using a black distilled basin first. Then add the black marble to the basin secondly. And added bitumen the third. Found high water temperature, and glass whenever added heat absorbing and slowly lost substances. Also, the addition of these substances increased productivity and efficiency. Also demonstrated in practice the effectiveness of the distiller being exposed to solar radiation from all directions. Keywords: Renewable Energy , Solar energy, Solar thermal ,Solar Distiller , phase change material .water purification , Remove salts from water.
Evaluation of Platelet Count among Women with Preeclampsia: A Case-Control Study from Pakistan
Authors: Choudhry Saima Siddiq , Qureshi Mubashira Nasir , Jabbar Shagufta , Khan Kamran Ullah , Kashif Sadaf , Khan Marya Saadullah
Published: August 2022

Objective: To compare the platelet count in women with preeclampsia with that in women without preeclampsia. Methodology: A case–control study was conducted between July 2019 and March 2020 at Social Security Teaching Hospital Multan Road, Lahore. Total 60 preeclamptic female were the cases & an equal number of healthy pregnant women were the controls. Women with gestation period of 27 weeks or less, younger than 18 years and those with hypertension before 20 weeks of gestation were excluded from the study. Patients’ demographics, medical and surgical history, comorbidities, reproductive history, blood pressure and other related variables were recorded on a predefined proforma. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 26. Results: The mean platelet count of 360.54 ± 71.25 (range of 200-450) x 109 cells/L was observed in the control group while a mean platelet count of 202.74 ± 45.57 (range 90-350) x 109 cells/L was reported in the study group. A significant p value of 0.000 was observed. The platelet distribution width, % was high significantly in patients with preeclampsia compared to the control group (p = 0.05). Conclusion: We reported that patients with preeclampsia had significantly lower platelet count compared to the healthy pregnant women. Further large-scale studies should be conducted to observe the role of platelets in the progression of the disease. Keywords: hypertension, pregnancy, preeclampsia, platelets, PDW, mean platelet volume
Compare the Mean Non Hypoxic Apnea Duration of 20° Head up with Conventional Supine Position during Pre-oxygenation in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery
Authors: Firdous Tanzeela , Kashif Ali , Khan Sahira Nawaz , Waqar Ayesha , Ali Sufyan , Tariq Sumayya
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Pre-oxygenation is routinely carried out before general anaesthesia with the aim of maximizing oxygen stores in the functional residual capacity of the lungs. This’s a method to avoid hypoxia during the apnoeic interval after general anesthetic induction. When initiating general anaesthesia, it is a practice to pre-oxygenate for 3 minutes in the supine position, since this is considered to be related with reduced cardiovascular instability. While the best timing for pre-oxygenation has been found, the best body posture for pre-oxygenation has yet to be determined. Objective: To compare the mean non hypoxic apnea duration of 20° head up with conventional supine position during pre-oxygenation in patients undergoing elective surgery Design of the study: Randomized Controlled Trial Setting: This study was conducted in the Operative Rooms of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore Result: Total 200 patients included, the mean age was 26.21+5.21 in Group A & 24.87+4.69 in Group B. The age range was 15-50 years, 41%(n=41) in Group A 39%(n=39) & in Group B between 15-25 years of age which was in majority. There were 45(45%) males and 55(55%) in Group A & 51.0(51%) male and 49.0(49%) female in Group B which shows that basic demographics were insignificant in both groups while comparing the mean non hypoxic apnea duration of 20° head up with conventional supine position during pre-oxygenation in patients undergoing elective surgery, we revealed 352.28+74.43 in Group A and 449.75+67.31 in Group B, p value was calculated as 0.04 i.e. ≤0.05 Conclusion: Comparison of the average non hypoxic apnea duration of 20° head up with conventional supine position during pre-oxygenation in patients undergoing elective surgery reveals prolonged duration in patients with 20° head up than conventional supine position during pre-oxygenation. Keywords: Mean non hypoxic apnea duration, 20° head up, conventional supine position, pre-oxygenation
A Large Data Set; Hepatitis B and C Infection in Pregnant Females
Authors: Zafar Usman , Javed Aymen , Naveed Muhammad Asif , Ahmed Sufyan , Zahid Latif Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Background: Hepatitis B and C virus (HBV & HCV) infection is on the surge among pregnant women as a result of unsaved dental and cosmetic procedures, reuse of needles, raising the risk of perinatal transmission and HBV & HCV infection in children. Although few studies on the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection during pregnancy have been conducted but the majority of the studies are on very low sample size. The current study is based on large data set. Objectives: The major goal of this study was to find out the frequency of HBV & HCV in pregnant women. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in Alkhidmat Raazi Hospital Rawalpindi. A total of 31911 pregnant women who delivered between 2016 and 2021 were analyzed and categorized as HBV & HCV infected or HBV & HCV uninfected by billing codes. The birth certificate and hospital discharge records were used to identify infant records related to HBV and HCV-infected pregnant mothers. Pregnant women's plasma samples were tested for HBV and HCV using chemiluminescence ARCHITECT i1000SR® Abbott Diagnostics. Data were analyzed using packages within SPSS software and P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Cross-tabulation chi-square analysis was performed with a significance level of 5%. Results: The pregnant women with age under 25 years were 12699 (39.8%), women with age from 26 to 29 years were 9734 (30.5%), while women with age 30 and older were 9478 (29.7). The patients who were primigravida were 9514 (29.8%), multipara having 1-4 children 18545 (58.1%) and those having more than five children were 3852 (12.1%). The prevalence of HBV and HCV in 31911 pregnant women were 170/31911 (0.5%) and 478/31911 (1.5%), respectively. The mean age was 27.9 years. Conclusions: HBV and HCV infection is present in pregnant females, which may ultimately increase the treatment cost and vertical transmission. Keywords: Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Infection, Pregnant females
Correlation of Eating Habits and Physical Activity with BMI
Authors: Sarwar Samia , Qamar Iram , Malik Hira , Sarfraz Farrukh , Jamil Hassan , Mehfooz Qurratulain
Published: August 2022

Introduction: As life changes and gets to be more developed there are a lot of wellbeing issues and illnesses immerge. One of these major wellbeing issues is weight. About 20–40% of adult and 10–20% of children around the world are obese. Overweight and weight are characterized as abnormal or excessive fat aggregation which will impair health. Body mass index (BMI) is utilized to classify overweight and weight in grown-ups. It is person’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of his height in meters (kg/m2). Calculated BMI greater than or rise to to 25 is considered overweight; whereas weight is considered when BMI is equal or more than 30. Objective: To determine the levels of physical activity and patterns of dietary habits and their associations with BMI among the undergraduate medical students Material and Methods Study design: Quantitative cross sectional Settings: Rawalpindi Medical University Rawalpindi Duration: Four months i.e. 1st January 2022 to 30th April 2022 Data Collection procedure: Cross sectional was conducted on 200 medical students. Data was collected by validated questionnaire. Stratifies random sampling was done. Physical activity was calculated by International physical activity questionnaire and three factors eating were used to calculate the eating patterns of medical students. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Means standard deviation and percentages were calculated. Correlation between BMI and Physical activity and eating patterns were analyzed. P value was significant <0.005 Results: As far the results the total number of medical students was 200 in which 92 were males and 108 females. Students selected from all levels of MBBS. The prevalence regarding obesity among the medical students was 7.5%; overweight 12.5% and 10% was under weight. There was no significant relationship between BMI level and physical activity however the relation is significant between BMI and eating patterns (P= 0.01) Conclusion: In conclusion, low physical movement level and unhealthy eating patterns among medical study empowers implementation of wellbeing instruction programs about obesity and risk components among medical students. Extracurricular physical sports and activities ought to be executed by the organizations to empower students to be more physically dynamic in specific among female students. Keywords: Obesity, Eating patterns, Physical activity, BMI, Medical Students
Difference of Frap Levels Between Preeclamptic and Normotensive Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Tertiary Care Hospital, Pakistan
Authors: Jabbar Shagufta , Kashif Sadaf , Ali Rafia , Choudhry Saima Siddiq , Qureshi Mubashira Nasir , Khan Marya Saadullah
Published: August 2022

Objective: To determine the association between FRAP levels and preeclampsia Methodology: A case control study was conducted at Social Security Teaching Hospital Multan Road, Lahore between September 2019 March 2020. A total of 309 women were enrolled in the study using the non-probability convenience sampling technique. Women at 28 weeks or higher gestation, equal to or older than 18 years of age were included in the study. Those with a history of hypertensive issues before 20 weeks of gestation or other comorbidities were excluded from the study. For antioxidative analysis, the serum FRAP was measured using colorimetric assay. Patients sociodemographic, clinical, and reproductive history were recorded. For data analysis, SPSS version 24 was used and a p-value of 0.05 or less was considered as statistically significant. Results: Preeclampsia was found in 40 (13%) pregnant women in our study. The mean age + SD for the group with pre-eclampsia was 21.56 + 4.2 years while the mean age + SD for the normotensive group was 22.12 +5.6 years. The mean + SD FRAP levels were significantly higher in women with preeclampsia than the normotensive control group (p=0.01); 684.2 + 21.2 μmole/L in the preeclampsia group and 603.1 + 15.6 μmole/L in the control group. Conclusion: The FRAP levels were significantly higher in women with preeclampsia than the normotensive women indicating a correlation between high oxidative stress and risk of developing threatening pregnancy related issues. Keywords: antioxidant, FRAP, gestational, oxidative stress, preeclampsia