bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the SpotChecks contrast sensitivity test in children
Authors: Anderson Heather A. , Mathew Anusha Rachel , Cheng Han
Published: September 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine intrasession repeatability of a worksheet style contrast sensitivity test (SpotChecks) in children and agreement with an established contrast sensitivity test (Pelli–Robson).

Methods

Forty‐three children aged 4 to 12 years participated in this single visit study that included two administrations of the SpotChecks binocularly, a single administration of the Pelli–Robson test and other measures of visual performance such as high‐contrast visual acuity. Test order was randomised, and participants wore their habitual correction (39 unaided, 4 wearing glasses) for testing. Bland–Altman plots were used to assess the test–retest repeatability of SpotChecks and its agreement with the Pelli–Robson test. Multiple linear regressions were performed to evaluate whether contrast sensitivity was related to participant characteristics such as age, sex and near binocular visual acuity.

Results

The mean difference in log contrast sensitivity (logCS) between two administrations of the SpotChecks was 0.01, with a coefficient of repeatability (1.96*SD of differences) of 0.14 logCS. The mean difference between SpotChecks and Pelli–Robson was 0.00 logCS with 95% limits of agreement of −0.19 to +0.20. For both tests, a statistically significant increase in logCS was associated with age (slopes were 0.02 logCS/year, p < 0.001 and 0.01 logCS/year, p = 0.02 for the SpotChecks and Pelli–Robson tests, respectively).

Conclusions

The SpotChecks test shows good intrasession repeatability and excellent agreement with the Pelli–Robson test in children. Contrast sensitivity showed an increase in logCS with age in children for both tests.
Adverse childhood experiences and personal values in adolescence: A cross‐sectional study using community adult samples in Japan
Authors: Obikane Erika , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Nishi Daisuke , Kawakami Norito
Published: September 2022

Background

No study has examined whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were related to value priorities and commitment to values during adolescence. We investigated the association between ACEs by age 15 and personal values during adolescence using cross‐sectional data from community adult samples in Japan.

Methods

We conducted a cross‐sectional panel study with retrospective assessments. We measured whether the participants experienced childhood victimization of physical abuse, neglect, or parental divorce by the age of 15 years. We also assessed personal value priorities and commitment to values of the participants during adolescence. Analysis of covariance was conducted to compare mean scores of personal priorities and commitment to values between participants with ACEs and those without ACEs.

Results

A total of 2463 participants were included in analysis. The participants reported ACEs by the age of 15 years of 5.1% for physical abuse, 1.8% for neglect, and 2.2% for parental divorce. Having any of the ACEs was significantly associated with lower perceived importance in personal values of avoiding causing trouble (P < 0.0001), and of cherishing family and friends (P < 0.0001). There was no significant association between ACEs and commitment to values.

Conclusions

The study suggested that ACEs by age 15 years were associated with lower perceived importance in value priorities on avoiding causing trouble and cherishing people in close relationships.
Distributive justice, social cooperation, and the basis of equality
Authors: Andersson Emil
Published: September 2022

This paper considers the view that the basis of equality is the range property of being a moral person. This view, suggested by John Rawls in his A Theory of Justice (1971), is commonly dismissed in the literature. By defending the view against the criticism levelled against it, I aim to show that this dismissal has been too quick. The critics have generally failed to fully appreciate the fact that Rawls's account is restricted to the domain of distributive justice. On Rawls's view distributive justice is a matter of the fair terms of cooperation among the participants of a system of social cooperation. I argue that this understanding of distributive justice can provide a compelling rationale for considering moral personality as the basis of equality for this domain of morality. That moral persons are indeed equal is further supported by an intuitive argument concerning the irrelevance of morally arbitrary factors, giving us reasons to believe that varying capacities among moral persons does not result in an unequal moral status. The dismissal of Rawls's account of equality has thus been premature, and it remains an important view to consider.
Broadband Sound Transmission Loss in a Corrugated Sound Panel Using Periodic Structure Theory
Authors: Prasad Rajan , Baxy Ajinkya , Banerjee Arnab
Published: September 2022

The vibration and sound radiation characteristics of a double leaf panel wall with corrugated core are analyzed. The core comprises of repeating unit cells along the length of the panel. Each cell is a combination of a straight beam with uniform cross section and curved beams with varying cross section. The vibroacoustic property of the corrugated panel is analyzed assuming plain strain condition. The analysis presented in the work shows that the proposed sandwich panel design provides broadband sound transmission loss (STL) characteristics. The dispersion analysis, forced response characteristics, and sound radiation characteristics of the structure are presented. It is found that bending frequency band gap obtained from the dispersion analysis is a prominent criterion to achieve a higher STL. The structural and acoustic behaviors of the sandwich panel are analyzed through the spectral finite element model. The STL for the core element for various taper ratios is presented. It is found that a higher taper ratio shifts the STL characteristics to the low frequency range.
Influence of tessellation morphology on ultrasonic scattering
Authors: Islam Showmic , Norouzian Musa , Turner Joseph A.
Published: September 2022

Material properties, such as hardness, yield strength, and ductility, depend on the microstructure of the material. If the microstructural organization can be quantified nondestructively, for example, with ultrasonic scattering techniques, then it may be possible to predict the mechanical performance of a component. Three-dimensional digital microstructures have been increasingly used to investigate the scattering of mechanical waves within a numerical framework. These synthetic microstructures can be generated using different tessellation algorithms that result in different grain shapes. In this study, the variation of ultrasonic scattering is calculated for microstructures of different morphologies for a nickel polycrystal. The ultrasonic properties are calculated for the Voronoi, Laguerre tessellations, and voxel-based synthetic microstructures created by DREAM.3D. The results show that the differences in the two-point statistics and ultrasonic attenuation for different morphologies become more significant at wider size distributions and higher frequencies.
Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion—Utilizing Student Voices During Strategic Decision-Making Processes
Authors: Russell Jared , Beth Matt , Wadsworth Danielle , George Stephanie , Wheeler Wendy , Barkhoff Harald
Published: September 2022

Kinesiology administrators make a myriad of strategic decisions throughout their time in leadership. Effective leadership, particularly inclusive excellence leadership, is highlighted by the ability of an individual to utilize a diversity of constituent viewpoints, perspectives, and “voices” to guide their respective decision-making processes. This manuscript includes two students’ stories, as well as main points of discussion by American Kinesiology Association Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion workshop leaders. These perspectives provide not only foundational background information, including student identities, but also strategic actions that are necessary to develop all-inclusive and individualized programming that can successfully overcome systemic barriers. The main identified themes are (a) ease of access to accommodations, (b) a culture of inclusivity, (c) advocating, (d) establishing trusting relationships, (e) welcoming of Indigenous perspectives, and (f) flexible practices and community support.
Sustained Drought, but Not Short-Term Warming, Alters the Gut Microbiomes of Wild
Anolis
Lizards
Authors: Williams Claire E. , Kueneman Jordan G. , Nicholson Daniel J. , Rosso Adam A. , Folfas Edita , Casement Brianna , Gallegos-Koyner Maria A. , Neel Lauren K. , Curlis John David , McMillan W. Owen , Cox Christian L. , Logan Michael L.
Published: September 2022

As climate change progresses, it is crucial to understand how animals will respond to shifts in their local environments. One component of this response involves changes in the microbial communities living in and on host organisms.
MtTRC-1, a Novel Transcription Factor, Regulates Cellulase Production via Directly Modulating the Genes Expression of the
Mthac-1
and
Mtcbh-1
in
Myceliophthora thermophila
Authors: Li Nan , Liu Yin , Liu Defei , Liu Dandan , Zhang Chenyang , Lin Liangcai , Zhu Zhijian , Li Huiyan , Dai Yujie , Wang Xingji , Liu Qian , Tian Chaoguang
Published: September 2022

In the present study, we characterized a novel regulator MtTRC-1 in
M. thermophila
, which regulated cellulase production through direct transcriptional regulation of the
Mthac-1
and
Mtcbh-1
genes. Our data demonstrated that MtHAC-1 is a key factor for the cellulase secretion capacity of
M. thermophila
.
Complete Genome Sequence of an Uncultivated Freshwater
Flavobacterium
sp. Strain
Authors: Bernet Julia , Serra Moncadas Lucas , Andrei Adrian-Stefan
Published: September 2022

Here, we report the complete metagenome-assembled genome of an uncultivated freshwater
Flavobacterium
sp. recovered from a nonaxenic Amoebozoa sp. culture. The chromosome was obtained from a metagenomic long-read sequencing run and was assembled as a circular element at a 51× coverage, length of 3.8 Mbp and a G+C content of 37.37%.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
Strain DM083 Isolated from Human Tongue Coating
Authors: Park Do-Young , Hwang Jiyoung , Kim Yunji , Kim Young-Youn , Kim Hye-Sung , Hwang Inseong
Published: September 2022

We isolated
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
DM083 from the human tongue coating to establish a strain library for oral probiotics. It has a single circular 3,197,299 bp chromosome with a guanine-cytosine (GC) content of 44.6% without plasmids. Importantly, the genome is devoid of the antimicrobial resistance gene, satisfying the minimum safety requirement for probiotics.
Bacteriophage Effectively Rescues Pneumonia Caused by Prevalent Multidrug-Resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
in the Early Stage
Authors: Gan Lin , Fu Hanyu , Tian Ziyan , Cui Jinghua , Yan Chao , Xue Guanhua , Fan Zheng , Du Bing , Feng Junxia , Zhao Hanqing , Feng Yanling , Xu Ziying , Fu Tongtong , Cui Xiaohu , Zhang Rui , Du Shuheng , Liu Shiyu , Zhou Yao , Zhang Qun , Cao Ling , Yuan Jing
Published: September 2022

K. pneumoniae
is recognized as the most common pathogen of hospital- and community-acquired pneumonia across the world. The strains of ST11 and ST383 are frequently reported in patients with pneumonia.
Supplemental Material: Juxtaposition of different-grade metamorphic rocks in an ancient orogen: Evidence from the Chengde Complex of the Trans-North China Orogen, North China Craton
Authors: Zhang Hui C.G. , Zhao Guochun , al. et
Published: September 2022

Text: Analytical methods. Table S1: Summary chemical composition data of representative minerals of mafic granulites and amphibolites in the Chengde Complex. Table S2: LA–ICP–MS U-Pb analytical results of the zircons of mafic granulites and amphibolites from the Chengde Complex. Table S3: LA-ICP-MS REE analytical results of the zircons of mafic granulites and amphibolites from the Chengde Complex.
Ray Statement of the Acoustic Tomography Problem
Authors: Romanov V. G.
Published: September 2022

The ray statement of the inverse problem of determining three unknown variable coefficients in the linear acoustic equation is studied. These coefficients are assumed to differ from given constants only inside some bounded domain. There are point pulse sources and acoustic receivers on the boundary of this domain. Acoustic signals are measured by a receiver near the moment of time at which the signal from a source arrives at the receiver. It is shown that this information makes it possible to uniquely determine all the three desired coefficients. Algorithmically, the original inverse problem splits into three subproblems solved successively. One of them is a well-known inverse kinematic problem (of determining the speed of sound), while the other two lead to the same integral geometry problem for a family of geodesic lines determined by the speed of sound.
Erratum to: Correct Solvability of Integrodifferential Equations in Spaces of Vector Functions Holomorphic in an Angular Domain
Authors: Vlasov V. V. , Rautian N. A.
Published: September 2022

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064562422050015
SMART syndrome: two cases highlighting a complex and rare complication of brain irradiation
Authors: Blakstad Hanne , Wohlleben Christine , Saxhaug Cathrine , Brandal Petter
Published: September 2022

Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome is a rare complication of radiotherapy with complex neurological impairment. Patients present with neurological symptoms and signs such as migraine, hemianopsia, hemiplegia, aphasia and/or seizures—without recurrence of neoplastic disease. In this report, we describe SMART syndrome in two adult patients 4 and 14 years following brain irradiation, respectively.
Liver blood marker testing in UK primary care: a UK wide cohort study, 2004–2016
Authors: Scutt Polly , Ban Lu , Card Tim , Crooks Colin John , Guha Neil , West Joe , Morling Joanne R
Published: September 2022

Objective

We aimed to determine (1) the temporal trends of liver enzyme testing in UK general practice and (2) how these vary among different subgroups at risk of chronic liver disease (CLD).

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

UK primary care database (Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)), 2004–2016.

Participants

Patients aged 18 years or over, registered in the CPRD from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2016.

Outcome measures

The frequency of testing recorded within the study period in general practice was calculated for: alanine aminotransferase (ALT); aspartate aminotransferase (AST); gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT); alkaline phosphatase (ALP); bilirubin and platelets. Analyses were conducted in subgroups of patients at high risk of developing liver disease.

Results

The study cohort included 2 912 066 individuals with median follow-up of 3.2 years. The proportion of patients with at least one measurement for ALT, ALP, bilirubin or platelet test gradually increased over the course of the study period and fell for AST and GGT. By 2016, the proportion of the population receiving one of more tests in that year was: platelet count 28.0%, ALP 26.2%, bilirubin 25.6%, ALT 23.7%, GGT 5.1% and AST 2.2%. Those patients with risk factors for CLD had higher proportions receiving liver marker assessments than those without risk factors.

Conclusions

The striking finding that AST is now only measured in a fraction of the population has significant implications for routine guidance which frequently expects it. A more nuanced approach where non-invasive markers are targeted towards individuals with risk factors for CLD may be a solution.
Are yoga and physical activity determinants of quality of life in Polish adults? a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pluto-Pradzynska Agnieszka , Pluto-Pradzynska Karolina , Frydrychowicz Magdalena , Lagiedo-Zelazowska Malgorzata , Owoc Jakub , Benjamin Shamiram , Au Tsz Yuen , Jaracz Krystyna , Dworacki Grzegorz , Wysocki Jacek , Wasik Jacek
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Yoga is an ancient form of physical activity (PA) that encompasses meditation, stretching and breathing techniques. Although the benefits of PA and associated lifestyle interventions are clear, we here addressed the paucity of evidence regarding the specific relationship between yoga and quality of life (QOL) in adults in Poland. We hypothesised that participation in PA and yoga could result in a positive impact on QOL.

Design

Cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire-based survey. Both the quantitative and qualitative variables were statistically compared. Multivariate analyses were performed using linear regression. Results were determined based on age, sex and education level; a p<0.05 was considered significant.

Setting

Questionnaires were delivered to participants online, at high schools and universities, and in elderly communities in Poland.

Participants

714 polish citizens aged over 18 participated in the study; there are no specific entry and exclusion criteria besides age.

Results

Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were observed between the QOL of the physically active group (PAG) and non-PAG (N-PAG). Meanwhile, yoga practice was revealed to have a significant effect on QOL; QOL was found to be statistically higher (p<0.001) in the PAG with yoga (PAG-Y) (4.29±0.66) than in the N-PAG (3.83±0.92) and PAG without yoga (4.07±0.68).

Conclusions

The study shows that both regular PA and yoga practices could improve QOL; however, PAG-Y produced higher QOL scores than PA of other types. This outcome may be explained by the impact of physiological and psychological aspects within yoga practice. These results suggest that this unique combination impacts health more positively than other kinds of PA alone.
Association between the quality of primary care, insurance coverage, and diabetes-related health outcomes in a cohort of older adults in China: results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Zhang Adary , Quan Jianchao , Eggleston Karen
Published: September 2022

Objective

This study aims to identify the association between diabetes diagnosis, health outcomes, insurance scheme, and the quality of county-level primary care in a cohort of older Chinese adults.

Design and setting

Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a nationally-representative panel survey of people aged 45 and over in China.

Participants

Among participants with valid diabetes-related and hypertension-related medical history and biomarkers (n=8207), participants with diabetes (n=1318) were identified using biomarkers and self-reported medical history. Individual models were run using complete case analysis.

Results

Among 1318 individuals with diabetes in 2011, 59.8% were unaware of their disease status. Diagnosis rates were significantly higher among participants with more generous public health insurance coverage (OR 3.58; 95% CI 2.15 to 5.98) and among those with other comorbidities such as dyslipidemia (OR 2.88; 95% CI 2.03 to 4.09). After adjusting for demographics, individuals with more generous public health insurance coverage did not have better glucose control at 4 years follow-up (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.26 to 1.18) or fewer inpatient hospital admissions at 4 years (OR 1.29; 95% CI 0.72 to 2.33) and 7 years follow-up (OR 1.12; 95% CI 0.62 to 2.05). Individuals living in counties with better county-level primary care did not have better glucose control at 4 years follow-up (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.01 to 33.36), although they did have fewer inpatient hospital admissions at 4 years follow-up (OR 0.03; 95% CI 0.00 to 0.95). Diabetes diagnosis was a significant independent predictor of both better glucose control at 4 years follow-up (OR 13.33; 95% CI 8.56 to 20.77) and increased inpatient hospital stays at 4 years (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.20 to 2.47) and 7 years (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.28 to 2.58) follow-up.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that participants with diabetes are often diagnosed concurrently with other comorbid disease conditions or after diabetes-related complications have already developed, thus leading to worse health outcomes in subsequent years despite improvements in health associated with better primary care. These findings suggest the importance of strengthening primary care and insurance coverage among older adults to focus on diagnosing and treating diabetes early, in order to prevent avoidable health complications and promote healthy aging.
Incidence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus in Goba town, Southeast Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Atlaw Daniel , Sahiledengle Biniyam , Assefa Tesfaye , Negash Wogene , Tahir Anwar , Regasa Tadele , Tekalegn Yohannes , Mamo Ayele , Enegeda Zinash Teferu , Solomon Damtew , Gezahegn Habtamu , Bekele Kebebe , Zenbaba Demisu , Desta Fikreab , Tasew Alelign , Nugusu Fikadu , Beressa Girma , Shiferaw Zerihun , Feleke Zegeye , Regassa Zegeye , Duguma Negesso , Chattu Vijay Kumar
Published: September 2022

Objective

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is becoming a public health concern in low/middle-income countries, and is known to cause severe morbidity and mortality for mothers and newborns. However, evidence reported for the incidence and risk factors of GDM is scant in Ethiopia. We aimed to assess the incidence of, and risk factors for, GDM in Goba town, Southeast Ethiopia.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Goba town, Southeast Ethiopia.

Participants

Four hundred eighty pregnant women on antenatal care follow-up from 30 April to 30 September 2021.

Primary and secondary outcomes

Incidence and risk factors of GDM using fasting capillary blood glucose. Log-binomial model was used to identify the risk factors of GDM. Adjusted relative risk (aRR), along with 95% CIs, were calculated to estimate the strength of associations.

Results

The cumulative incidence rate of GDM in this study was 15.7% (95% CI: 12.3% to 19.2%). Being unemployed (aRR=2.73; 95% CI: 1.36 to 5.47), having a family history of diabetes mellitus (DM) (3.01; 2.09 to 4.35), low physical activity (2.43; 1.11 to 5.32), inadequate dietary diversity (1.48; 1.29 to 1.92), anaemia (2.51; 1.32 to 3.54) and antenatal depression (4.95; 3.35 to 7.31) were significantly associated with GDM.

Conclusion

The cumulative incidence of GDM was relatively high among the study participants. Having antenatal depression symptoms, low physical activity, inadequate dietary diversity, being unemployed, anaemia and a family history of DM were significant risk factors for GDM.
Patients’ and oncologists’ perceptions towards the discussion on high-cost innovative cancer therapies: findings from a qualitative study
Authors: Bashkin Osnat , Dopelt Keren , Asna Noam
Published: September 2022

Objectives

In the last decades, innovative technologies for cancer treatment were developed rapidly. In most cases, their price is high, with no funding offered by public health systems. The present study examined the perceptions of oncologists, patients and family members regarding the challenges in discussing innovative cancer treatments.

Design

Qualitative study, using in-depth semistructured interviews. Interviews examined public versus private financing, therapist–patient–family discourse, modes of decision making and implications on health policy and inequalities.

Participants

Sixteen cancer patients, six family members of cancer patients and 16 oncologists participated in the study.

Results

Four themes emerged from data analysis: the economic consideration in the decision on cancer treatment, the options of funding high-cost private treatments, psychosocial aspects of the discussion on treatment costs and health policy in oncology and its social aspects.

Conclusions

Findings emphasise the importance of considering costs when recommending expensive care and addressing the emotional element of innovative treatment, as most patients expect. The findings present various psychosocial aspects taking part in the complicated decision to use unfunded cancer treatment and its broad implications, which may use as a basis for developing a guided framework for oncologist–patient discourse.
Economic evaluation of endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke in Thailand
Authors: Rattanavipapong Waranya , Worakijthamrongchai Thanaboon , Soboon Budsadee , Luankongsomchit Vilawan , Kongmuangpuk Mananchaya , Isaranuwatchai Wanrudee , Teerawattananon Yot , Nilanont Yongchai
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Endovascular therapy (EVT) has proven to be clinically effective in treating large vessel occlusion acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), either alone or in combination with intravenous alteplase. Despite this, there is a limited evidence on the cost-effectiveness of EVT in Thailand and other low-income and middle-income countries. This study aims to assess whether EVT is a cost-effective therapy for AIS, and to estimate the fiscal burden to the Thai government through budget impact analysis.

Methods

An economic evaluation was performed to compare AIS therapy with and without EVT from a societal perspective. The primary outcome was incremental cost-effectiveness per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Clinical parameters were derived from both national and international literature, while cost and utility data were collected locally. The analysis applied a cost-effectiveness threshold of 160 000 Baht (~$5000) per QALY, as set by the Thai government.

Results

Both EVT alone and EVT combined with intravenous alteplase, among patients who are ineligible and eligible for intravenous alteplase, respectively, improved health outcomes but incurred additional cost. The combination of EVT and intravenous alteplase was associated with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 146 800 THB per QALY gained compared with intravenous alteplase alone, and the ICER of EVT alone compared with supportive care among patients ineligible for intravenous alteplase was estimated at 115 000 THB per QALY gained. Sensitivity analysis showed that the price of EVT has the greatest impact on model outcomes. Over a time horizon of 5 years, the introduction of EVT into the Thai health benefit package would require an additional budget of 887 million THB, assuming 2000 new cases per year.

Conclusions

EVT represents good value for money in the Thai context, both when provided to patients eligible for intravenous alteplase, and when provided alone to those who are ineligible for intravenous alteplase.
Anterior quadratus lumborum block does not reduce postoperative opioid consumption following laparoscopic hemicolectomy: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial in an ERAS setting
Authors: Tanggaard Katrine , Hasselager Rune Petring , Hølmich Emma Rosenkrantz , Hansen Christian , Dam Mette , Poulsen Troels Dirch , Bærentzen Finn Østergård , Eriksen Jens Ravn , Gögenur Ismail , Børglum Jens
Published: September 2022

Background and aims

An opioid-sparing postoperative analgesic regimen following laparoscopic hemicolectomy is optimal to promote minimal postoperative pain, early mobilization, and improved quality of recovery. Various regional anesthesia techniques have been tested to improve postoperative pain management after laparoscopic hemicolectomy. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of administering a preoperative bilateral ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum nerve block on postoperative opioid consumption after laparoscopic colon cancer surgery.

Methods

In this randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial, 69 patients undergoing laparoscopic hemicolectomy due to colon cancer were randomized to receive an anterior quadratus lumborum block with ropivacaine 0.375% 30 mL on each side or isotonic saline (placebo). The primary outcome measure was total opioid consumption during the first 24 hours postsurgery. The secondary outcome measures were pain scores, accumulated opioid consumption in 6-hour intervals, nausea and vomiting, ability of postoperative ambulation, time to first opioid, orthostatic hypotension or intolerance, postoperative Quality of Recovery-15 scores, surgical complications, length of hospital stay, and adverse events.

Results

The total opioid consumption in the first 24 hours postsurgery was not significantly reduced in the ropivacaine group compared with the saline group (mean 129 mg (SD 88.4) vs mean 127.2 mg (SD 89.9), p=0.93). In addition, no secondary outcome measures showed any statistically significant intergroup differences.

Conclusion

The administration of a preoperative bilateral anterior quadratus lumborum nerve block as part of a multimodal analgesic regimen for laparoscopic hemicolectomy did not significantly reduce opioid consumption 24 hours postsurgery.

Trial registration numberNCT03570541.
Palliative care phenotypes among critically ill patients and family members: intensive care unit prospective cohort study
Authors: Cox Christopher E , Olsen Maren K , Parish Alice , Gu Jessie , Ashana Deepshikha Charan , Pratt Elias H , Haines Krista , Ma Jessica , Casarett David J , Al-Hegelan Mashael S , Naglee Colleen , Katz Jason N , O’Keefe Yasmin Ali , Harrison Robert W , Riley Isaretta L , Bermejo Santos , Dempsey Katelyn , Wolery Shayna , Jaggers Jennie , Johnson Kimberly S , Docherty Sharron L
Published: September 2022

Objective

Because the heterogeneity of patients in intensive care units (ICUs) and family members represents a challenge to palliative care delivery, we aimed to determine if distinct phenotypes of palliative care needs exist.

Methods

Prospective cohort study conducted among family members of adult patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in six medical and surgical ICUs. The primary outcome was palliative care need measured by the Needs at the End-of-Life Screening Tool (NEST, range from 0 (no need) to 130 (highest need)) completed 3 days after ICU admission. We also assessed quality of communication, clinician–family relationship and patient centredness of care. Latent class analysis of the NEST’s 13 items was used to identify groups with similar patterns of serious palliative care needs.

Results

Among 257 family members, latent class analysis yielded a four-class model including complex communication needs (n=26, 10%; median NEST score 68.0), family spiritual and cultural needs (n=21, 8%; 40.0) and patient and family stress needs (n=43, 31%; 31.0), as well as a fourth group with fewer serious needs (n=167, 65%; 14.0). Interclass differences existed in quality of communication (median range 4.0–10.0, p<0.001), favourable clinician–family relationship (range 34.6%–98.2%, p<0.001) and both the patient centredness of care Eliciting Concerns (median range 4.0–5.0, p<0.001) and Decision-Making (median range 2.3–4.5, p<0.001) scales.

Conclusions

Four novel phenotypes of palliative care need were identified among ICU family members with distinct differences in the severity of needs and perceived quality of the clinician–family interaction. Knowledge of need class may help to inform the development of more person-centred models of ICU-based palliative care.
Adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) delayed below dams rapidly deplete energy stores
Authors: Rubenstein Sarah R. , Peterson Erin , Christman Paul , Zydlewski Joseph D.
Published: September 2022

Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) return to rivers in spring for an energetically costly upstream migration for spawning. These fish are often delayed in the lower river below dams, subjecting them to warmer waters than occur in upstream sections of river, that may increase metabolic costs. We sought to quantify the energetic cost of dam-mediated delays in migrating adults in the Penobscot and Kennebec rivers, ME. We radio-tagged fish at the lower most dams, released them downstream (18 and 14 km), and tracked their movements back upstream. We used a Distell Fish Fatmeter as a noninvasive measurement of full-body energy at tagging and then again after re-ascending the fish-way at the dams. We found that adults ( n = 99) experienced average delays of 16–23 days at dams, losing 11%–22% of initial fat reserves. Using linear regressions, we showed thermal experience as a strong predictor of fat loss. Delay time was also a contributing factor. Extensive delays at dams expose migrating Atlantic salmon to warmer temperatures and increase the depletion rate of energy reserves required for spawning and post-spawn survival.
Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor pyrivinium attenuates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by possibly reducing platinum uptake and accumulation mediated by reduced organic cation transporter-2 expressions
Authors: Pandey Sneha , Gupta Kirti , Bagang Newly , Singh Gaaminepreet , Rajput Sakshi
Published: September 2022

Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin induces renal dysfunction by initiating pro-apoptotic cascades, fibrosis, oxidative and inflammatory burden. This study tested the therapeutic effects of Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor pyrvinium against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats. Cisplatin was administered at a single dose of 5 mg/kg (i.p.) and renal cisplatin accumulation and uptake in cortical slices were determined after the fifth day by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were checked by ELISA, and organic cation transporter-2 (OCT-2) transcription and expression in renal tissue were evaluated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical technique. Cisplatin administration produced renal dysfunction manifested as increase in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, proteinuria, reduced clearance and electrolyte imbalance. Oxidative stress indices, pro-inflammatory cytokines, fibronectin, and caspase-3 activity were elevated in cisplatin-challenged rats. Moreover, increased renal OCT-2 transcription and immunostaining were detected in cisplatin kidneys which resulted in platinum accumulation. Additional docking studies depicted strong interaction between the β-catenin and OCT-2 protein. These manifestations induced mitochondrial dysfunction, histological damage and fibrosis. Notably, Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor pyrvinium (60 µg/kg; p.o.) treatment reduced the renal OCT-2 gene transcription causing a decline in platinum levels. Thus, the present study concludes that Wnt/β-catenin inhibition attenuates cisplatin-induced AKI in rats, partly by down-regulating OCT-2 expression.
Optimum seeding rates for hulless barley production in eastern Canada
Authors: Khanal Raja , Mills Aaron , Choo Thin Meiw , Fillmore Sherry , Pageau Denis , Mountain Nathan
Published: September 2022

Hulless barley is a relatively new crop in eastern Canada. Best cultural practices must be developed for hulless barley to achieve its maximum yield potential. A study was carried out to identify the optimum seeding rates for hulless barley in eastern Canada. Six barley lines consisting of two-row and six-row covered and hulless varieties (AAC Azimuth, AAC Starbuck, CDC Ascent, AAC Bloomfield, AAC Ling, and CH2720-1) were seeded in six different seeding rates (250, 350, 450, 550, 650, and 750 seeds m−2) in a factorial experiment with four replications at seven sites across eastern Canada. The results showed that the optimum seeding rate for covered barley was 250–350  seeds  m−2, but those for hulless barley higher yield potentials were achieved at seeding rate from 450 to 550  seeds  m−2. Two-row varieties were higher yielding and had higher protein concentration than six-row varieties. The results of this study show that there is potential for further development of high-yielding two-row cultivars for eastern Canada.
Shrub willow chips incorporated after potato harvest enhance soil properties in Prince Edward Island, Canada
Authors: Nyiraneza Judith , Jiang Yefang , Fraser Tandra D.
Published: September 2022

Willow (Salix viminalis spp.) shrubs are being planted along riverbanks, on erodible and marginal farmland. Wood chips made from the woody biomass could improve the properties of light-textured soils with low organic matter content in potato-based systems. Willow chips were applied at 0, 20, 40, and 60 Mg ha−1 (fresh weight) as a soil amendment. Soil health parameters were evaluated after 12 months, followed by C and N contents in whole soil, particulate, and mineral-associated organic matter fractions after 18 months. Willow chip application increased soil aggregation, respiration, C and N contents in whole soil, and plant-available K.
Polyethylene Imine Crosslinked Sodium Alginate Binder for Micro-Silicon/Graphite Composite Anodes
Authors: Fox Alina M. , Niesen Stefan , Du Qian , Keim Noah , Vrankovic Dragoljub , Buchmeiser Michael R.
Published: September 2022

Commercialization of silicon anodes remains a challenge due to severe volume changes during cycling. In this study, a novel binder was synthesized via in situ crosslinking of sodium alginate (NaA) and poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) and used in micro-silicon/graphite composite anodes. Ball milled silicon possesses an increased hydrophilic character, which leads to poor compatibility with graphite in composite anodes using a standard NaA binder. However, the addition of PEI to NaA led to an increase in the specific capacity of ∼1000 mAh/gSi, which can be traced back to the increased compatibility between silicon and graphite induced by a crosslinked binder structure.
Electrochemical Behaviour of Cobalt and Tungsten Oxides in Molten Carbamides
Authors: Devyatkin Sergei , Kochetova Sveta
Published: September 2022

The possibility of electrodeposition of W and Co from carbamide melts at 408 K has been examined. When studying the electrochemical behaviour of cobalt and tungsten oxides and their compounds (WO3, Li2WO4, Na2WO4, K2WO4) in molten carbamide, it can be concluded that maximum limiting currents are typical of the system (NH2)2CO -Li2WO4. Cyclic voltammograms showed the potentials of deposition of tungsten and cobalt. Layered W-Co coatings on nickel cathodes have been obtained by the electrolysis of the molten system (NH2)2CO-CoO- Li2WO4.
Flexible Flow Shop Scheduling Problem with Reliable Transporters and Intermediate Limited Buffers via considering Learning Effects and Budget Constraint
Authors: Kazemi Esfeh Meysam , Shojaie Amir Abbas , Javanshir Hasan , Khalili-Damghani Kaveh
Published: September 2022

In this study, a new mathematical model is presented to solve the flexible flow shop problem where transportation is reliable and there are constraints on intermediate buffers, budgets, and human resource learning effects. Firstly, the model is validated to confirm the accuracy of its performance. Then, since it is an NP‐hard one, two metaheuristic algorithms, namely, MOSA and MOEA/D, are rendered to solve mid‐ and large‐scale problems. To confirm their accuracy of performance, two small‐scale problems are solved using GAMS exact solution software, and the obtained results have been compared with the output of the algorithms. Since the problem in this study is multiobjective, five comparative indices are used to compare the performance of algorithms. The results show that the answers achieved using the metaheuristic algorithms are very close to the ones achieved via the GAMS exact program. Therefore, the proposed algorithms are validated, and it is proved that they are accurately designed and useable in solving the real‐world problems (which have mid‐ and large‐scale) in logical calculation time. By comparing the obtained results, it can be seen that the MOEA/D algorithm performs better in terms of computational time (CPU time) and Mean ideal distance (MID). The MOSA algorithm also performs better according to the index Spread of nondominated solutions (SNS), diversity metric (DM), and number of Pareto solutions (NPS). Considering the confirmation of precision and accuracy of performance of the proposed algorithms, it can be concluded that MOSA and MOEA/D are useful in solving the mid‐ and large‐scale modes of the problem in the study, which is very applicable in the real world.
Integrative Functional Genomic Analysis in Multiplex Autism Families from Kazakhstan
Authors: Perfilyeva Anastassiya , Bespalova Kira , Perfilyeva Yuliya , Skvortsova Liliya , Musralina Lyazzat , Zhunussova Gulnur , Khussainova Elmira , Iskakova Ulzhan , Bekmanov Bakhytzhan , Djansugurova Leyla
Published: September 2022

The study of extended pedigrees containing autism spectrum disorder- (ASD-) related broader autism phenotypes (BAP) offers a promising approach to the search for ASD candidate variants. Here, a total of 650,000 genetic markers were tested in four Kazakhstani multiplex families with ASD and BAP to obtain data on de novo mutations (DNMs), common, and rare inherited variants that may contribute to the genetic risk for developing autistic traits. The variants were analyzed in the context of gene networks and pathways. Several previously well-described enriched pathways were identified, including ion channel activity, regulation of synaptic function, and membrane depolarization. Perhaps these pathways are crucial not only for the development of ASD but also for ВАР. The results also point to several additional biological pathways (circadian entrainment, NCAM and BTN family interactions, and interaction between L1 and Ankyrins) and hub genes (CFTR, NOD2, PPP2R2B, and TTR). The obtained results suggest that further exploration of PPI networks combining ASD and BAP risk genes can be used to identify novel or overlooked ASD molecular mechanisms.
A Rare Case of Extensive Eggshell Intestinal Wall Peritoneal Calcification in a Long-Term Continuous Peritoneal Dialysis Patient
Authors: Sampani Erasmia , Dimitriadis Chrysostomos , Kasimatis Efstratios , Memmos Evangelos , Papagianni Aikaterini
Published: September 2022

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but rather serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis. The etiology of EPS is multifactorial, with long-term peritoneal dialysis, multiple peritonitis episodes, and uncontrolled hyperparathyroidism considered to be major risk factors for this often life-threatening condition. We report a case of a 55-year-old female patient with Down syndrome and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) with extensive intestinal peritoneal calcifications and a rather uncomplicated long follow-up.
A Study on the Application of BP Neural Network Based on Visual Recognition in Regional Economic Forecasting
Authors: Meng LingYan
Published: September 2022

The economic growth in the new normal is no longer limited to the total amount and scale of economic growth in the traditional and neoclassical periods, but has changed to “quality” and “development” under the dual requirements of historical changes and tasks of the times. The quality of regional economic growth is an important part of the quality of China’s economic development and an important part of the quality of China’s economic development in the new era. Therefore, this paper proposes a BP neural network based on visual recognition in a regional economic prediction model and conducts application experiments. This regional economic forecasting model is relying on data technology for economic panel data mining, then graphical processing of panel data, followed by the selection of visual recognition technology for economic panel map analysis, to derive its various component coefficients, and finally then using the BP neural network to fit the prediction, at the same time, through long-term and short-term prediction, to predict the future development quality of each region’s change trends and fluctuations, to predict the institution’s role, so as to avoid major transitions and deteriorating alarms, and to provide support for the macroregulation of regional economic development quality.
Synthesis, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of Thiazolyl-Pyrazoline Schiff Base Hybrids: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study
Authors: Zelelew Demis , Endale Milkyas , Melaku Yadessa , Kedir Fedlu , Demissie Taye B. , Ombito Japheth O. , Eswaramoorthy Rajalakshmanan
Published: September 2022

Thiazole-pyrazoline Schiff base hybrids have a broad range of pharmacological potential with an ability to control the activity of numerous metabolic enzymes. In this work, a greener and more efficient approach has been developed to synthesize a novel series of thiazole-pyrazoline Schiff base hybrids using ZnO nanoparticle-assisted protocol in good to excellent yields (78.3–96.9%) and examined their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as their antioxidant activity. Compound 24 (IZD = 18.67 ± 0.58) displayed better activity against P. aeruginosa compared with amoxicillin (IZD = 14.33 ± 2.52) at 250 μg/mL, whereas compounds 22 and 24 (IZD = 13.33 ± 0.58 mm and 17.00 ± 1.00 mm, respectively) showed better activity against E. coli compared with amoxicillin (IZD = 14.67 ± 0.58 mm) at 500 μg/mL. The remaining compounds showed moderate to weak activity against the tested bacterial strains. Compound 21 displayed significant inhibition of DPPH (IC50 = 4.63 μg/mL) compared with ascorbic acid (IC50 = 3.21 μg/mL). Compound 21 displayed 80.01 ± 0.07% inhibition of peroxide formation, suggesting its potential in preventing the formation of lipid peroxides. The results of the ADMET study showed that all synthesized compounds obeyed Lipinski's rule of five. In silico pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that compound 24 had superior intestinal absorption compared with amoxicillin. In silico molecular docking analysis revealed a binding affinity of −9.9 Kcal/mol for compound 24 against PqsA compared with amoxicillin (−7.3 Kcal/mol), whereas compounds 22 and 24 displayed higher binding affinity (−8.5 and −7.9 Kcal/mol, respectively) with DNA gyrase B compared with amoxicillin (-7.1 Kcal/mol), in good agreement with in vitro antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and E. coli. In silico toxicity study showed that all synthesized compounds had LD50 (mg/kg) values ranging from 800 to 1,000 putting them in ProTox-II class 4. The in vitro antibacterial activity and molecular docking analysis showed that compound 24 is a promising antibacterial therapeutic agent against P. aeruginosa and E. coli and compound 22 is a promising antibacterial agent against E. coli, whereas compound 21 is found to be a potential natural antioxidant agent. Moreover, the green synthesis approach using ZnO nanoparticle as catalyst was found to be a very efficient method to synthesize biologically active thiazole-pyrazoline Schiff base hybrids compared with the conventional method.
Novel Development to the Theory of Dombi Exponential Aggregation Operators in Neutrosophic Cubic Hesitant Fuzzy Sets: Applications to Solid Waste Disposal Site Selection
Authors: Rehman Ateeq Ur , Gulistan Muhammad , Kausar Nasreen , Kousar Sajida , Al-Shamiri Mohammed M. , Ismail Rashad
Published: September 2022

The neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy set can efficiently handle the complex information in a decision‐making problem because it combines the advantages of the neutrosophic cubic set and the hesitant fuzzy set. The algebraic operations based on Dombi norms and co‐norms are more flexible than the usual algebraic operations as they involve an operational parameter. First, this paper establishes Dombi algebraic operational laws, score functions, and similarity measures in neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy sets. Then, we proposed Dombi exponential operational laws in which the exponents are neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy values and bases are positive real numbers. To use neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy sets in decision‐making, we are developing Dombi exponential aggregation operators in the current study. In the end, we present applications of exponential aggregation operators in multiattribute decision‐making problems.
Existence and Stability for a Coupled Hybrid System of Fractional Differential Equations with Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo Derivative
Authors: Zhao Liyuan , Jiang Yirong
Published: September 2022

The aim of this article is to investigate a coupled hybrid system of fractional differential equations with the Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo derivative which contains a Mittag–Leffler kernel function in its kernel. We firstly apply the Dhage fixed point principle to obtain the existence of mild solutions. Then, we study the Ulam–Hyers stability of the introduced fractional coupled hybrid system. Finally, an example is presented to exhibit the validity of our results.