bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eskalasi Kompetensi Guru Menyusun Soal Berbasis Regional Di SPM Madrasatul ‘Ulya PP. Miftahul Mubtadiin Nganjuk
Authors: Yusuf M , Iswanto Juni
Published: March 2022

Di antara kompetensi guru yang harus dikembangkan adalah kemampuan dalam menilai hasil belajar yang telah dijalankan bersama para siswa, penilaian tersebut bisa berupa kumpulan soal, kuesioner, dan instrumen penilaian lainnya. Kemampuan penilaian ini seolah menjadi hal yang wajib untuk dikuasai oleh semua guru termasuk tenaga pengajar di lingkungan pesantren, karena tugas guru bukan hanya mengajar, tapi juga berkewajiban untuk melakukan penilaian terhadap keberhasilan para siswa. Namun, fakta di lapangan, masih banyak para guru yang memerlukan peningkatan keterampilan dalam menyusun sebuah alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur apakah tujuan dari proses belajar mengajar yang selama ini dijalankan telah berhasil secara maksimal. Jika alat ukur yang dijadikan medium kurang tepat, maka hasilnya pun akan jauh dari harapan. Akibat dari kesalahan tersebut adalah terkadang jawaban yang salah oleh siswa belum tentu karena siswa kurang mengusai materi, namun karena redaksi atau cara penyampaian soal yang masih subyektif oleh pembuat soal itu sendiri, maksud isi soal dari penyusun belum tentu mengejawantahkan kunci dari soal tersebut. Maka kiranya perlu untuk mengadakan pendampingan dalam mengawal para guru untuk menyusun sebuah alat penilaian berupa soal dengan memanfaatkan khasanah lokal dan tanpa meninggalkan ciri khas dari pesantren itu sendiri.

Kata kunci: Pendampingan, Kompetensi Guru, Penyusunan Soal
Edukasi Pemanfaatan Hasil Olahan Buah Nanas Bagi Mahasiswi Usia Subur di Institut Kesehatan Dan Teknologi Graha Medika
Authors: Saleh Sitti Nurul Hikma , Agustin Agustin , Muzayyana Muzayyana , Akbar Hairil
Published: March 2022

Wanita usia subur cenderung menderita anemia dikarenakan wanita mengalami menstruasi setiap bulan, dan ini akan diperberat jika asupan zat besi dari makanan sehari-hari rendah. Wanita usia subur yang mengalami anemia gizi besi akan mudah sakit karena daya tahan tubuh yang rendah, sehingga produktivitas belajar mahasiswa akan menurun. Salah satu buah yang bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan Hb adalah mengkonsumsi buah nanas, selain asupan tablet Fe pada wanita. Nanas merupakan salah satu buah yang mengandung vitamin C dan dapat membantu meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin. buah nanas merupakan sumber fitokimia termasuk bioflavonoid dan tannin, juga sangat kaya akan anti oksidan yang dikenal sebagai flavonoid dan asam fenolik. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan ceramah, dan diskusi tentang cara pengolahan dan pemanfaatan buah nanas pada wanita usia subur. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 18 Oktober 2021. Sasaran kegiatan aitu mahasiswa pada usia subur yang telah berusia > 18 Tahun. Pengolahan buah nanas dilakukan menggunakan buah nanas yang berkualitas baik. mahasiswa telah memahami tentang pengolahan dan manfaat mengkonsumsi buah nanas. Buah nanas merupakan buah yang memiliki rasa manis dan sedikit asam. Kandungan gizi dari nanas antara lain, vitamin C 79%, vitamin B6 5%, vitamin A 1%, besi 1%, magnesium 3% , folat dan zat lainnya.  Buah nanas sangat baik untuk meningkatkan hemoglobin bagi para siswi usia subur di Institut Kesehatan dan Teknologi Graha Medika, dengan kegiatan ini mahasiswa mulai memahami terkait cara pengolahan dan tentang Manfaat mengkonsumsi buah nanas untuk meningkatkan hemoglobin pada wanita usia subur.
Kata Kunci: Edukasi, Olahan Buah, Buah Nanas, Usia Subur
Manajemen Pengembangan Produk Unggulan Tenun Songket Melayu Riau pada UKM Cahaya Kemilau
Authors: Purwati Astri Ayu , Hamzah Muhammad Luthfi , Irman Mimelientesa , Rahman Sarli , Desnelita Yenny , Sitompul Silvia Sari , Yusrizal Yusrizal
Published: March 2022

Cahaya Kemilau merupakan salah satu usaha kerajinan songket melayu yang memperoduksi beberapa jenis songket melayu Riau serta menyediakan bermacam souvenir khas Riau yang terbuat dari tenun. Tenun Songket Melayu merupakan produk unggulan daerah Provinsi Riau. Adapun masalah dari mitra Cahaya Kemilau ini meliputi : 1) Supplai bahan baku mitra yang selama ini masih terbatas dengan kualitas yang masih standar sehingga mengganggu aktivitas produksi, 2) kurangnya mesin produksi, alur kerja produksi dan sistem inventory yang masih lemah, 3) desain layout yang kurang bagus dan penataan ruang produksi yang tidak efisien dan serta proses kerja yang belum sesuai standar mutu (SKKNI), 4) jumlah produk yang dihasilkan masih kurang dalam memenuhi permintaan serta belum adanya jaminan kualitas produk dan HKI. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan terdiri dari perbaikan tata letak workshop produksi dan showroom penjualan, pelaksanaan pelatihan menenun dan sosialisasi pengelolaan produksi dan keuangan. Hasil pelaksanaan program ini juga menunjukkan peningkatan peroduksi, penjualan, kualitas pengelolaan, keterampilan, pengetahuan, motivasi dan kepuasan para peserta yang di tunjukkan dari hasil kuesioner yang diberikan kepada peserta sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan.

Kata Kunci : Tenun, Melayu, Produk Unggulan Daerah
Gerakan Literasi Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Minat Baca Anak Usia 6-8 Tahun Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Maulidah Tsalitsatul , Sukiyanto Sukiyanto , Yuliana Ika Farida , Rohmatul Lailia Nur Faizah
Published: March 2022

Gerakan literasi dirasa sangat penting karena dengan diadakannya kegiatan ini anak-anak mampu bersosialisasi melalui kemampuan berbahasanya dan memahami makna suatu informasi dengan sejelas-jelasnya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kulitatif deskriptif yang dirancang untuk memperoleh informasi tentang suatu gejala saat penelitian dilakukan Pelaksanaan pengabdian ini dilakukan di desa Kendal. Partisipan utama dalam pengabdian ini adalah seluruh anak-anak yang ada didesa kendal. Namun hasil observasi minat anak-anak yang mengikuti pendampingan ini berjumlah 28 anak yang berusia 6-8 tahun. Dalam upaya meningkatkan minat baca peneliti menggunakan beberapa strategi yaitu eduation, aproach, dream, action, evaluation. Hasil dari kegiatan ini mempunyai dampak perubahan yaitu anak-anak antusias mengikuti kegiatan yang diselenggarakan seperti menulis puisi, menulis pantun, membaca, berhitung bersama, ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat sudah mulai tertarik dengan kegiatan literasi. Selain itu, adanya peningkatan kunjungan perpustakaan. Dalam kunjungan ke perpustakaan anak usia dini lebih gemar membaca buku yang ada gambarnya contohnya komik atau buku dongeng. Kunjungan anak lebih banyak ketika pada sore hari karena pada pagi hari anak harus sekolah kecuali hari minggu anak bisa berkunjung pagi. Selain itu, terdapat perubahan dari orang tua  dibuktikan dengan ketika masyarakat berkunjung ke Taman Expressi orang tua selalu mengarahkan anaknya untuk membaca ke perpustakaan sudut taman baca. Dengan demikian kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa anak usia-6-8 tahun antusias untuk datang ke perpustakaan seluruhnya hadir semua artinya adanya minat dari anak terkait dengan gerakan literasi.
Kata Kunci: Literasi; Minat baca; Covid-19
EFFECT OF REGIONAL SPILLOVERS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PEKANBARU CITY, RIAU PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Irfan M. , Yulyanti Sinta
Published: March 2022

The economic activities of one region can provide abundant economic growth for other areas. This research discusses the reciprocal relationship between economic growth in Pekanbaru City and economic growth in Siak Regency, Pelalawan Regency, and Kampar Regency. Using quantitative methods and secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics was analyzed using the Two-Stage Least Square method then regressed using the Eviews 10 application. The results showed a positive and significant reciprocal relationship at ? 0.05 between Pekanbaru city GRDP and Siak Regency GRDP. Coefficients 0.9626 and 1.0890. The expected effect of GRDP of Pekanbaru City and GRDP of Pelalawan Regency with a coefficient of 3.4663 and 0.2864 at ? 0.05. Whereas Kampar Regency only has a unidirectional relationship, namely, the GRDP of Pekanbaru City has a positive and significant effect on Kampar's GRDP with a coefficient of 0.9527 at ? 0.10. Apart from being caused by geographic conditions, this reciprocal influence is caused by leading sectors, including the pulp and paper processing industry, the oil and gas mining sector, and the oil palm plantation sector, which delegate economic activities between Siak Regency and Pelalawan Regency with Pekanbaru City. Meanwhile, GRDP Pekanbaru City and GRDP Kampar Regency only provide unidirectional spillover due to the dominance of the trade and construction sector in Pekanbaru City.
Urbanization and Sustainable Cities in Nigeria
Authors: Aduku Ebikabowei , Eboh Ifeoma , Egbuchulam Chibuzo
Published: March 2022

Rapid urbanization is on the increase especially in the developing countries and, the need for shaping sustainable cities continues to draw widespread recognition and has remained a major concern. Thus, urbanization and sustainable cities in Nigeria is examined using descriptive technique and came up with several lessons. Arable land is declining following fast increasing urban population growth. Arable land may not be capable of sustaining to meet the needs of the future generation, as the urban population continues to increase except appropriate policies are put in place to control it. Nitrous oxide emissions also rise at a faster rate, rising above the urban population growth. Such a trend means jeopardizing sustainable cities. Renewable energy consumption is falling while CO2 emissions are rising, which undermines sustainable city. Urbanization is fast increasing and cities are formed but the cities are not sustainable. We recommend infrastructural development in Peri-urban areas and rural areas. This will facilitate the urbanization process and city borders can be expanded and spread out to absorb neighbouring cities. In this way, urban population agglomerations will reduce and more arable land will be available. Also, the efficient use of renewable energy systems is recommended.
Explicit Model for Solar Air Heaters Performance Assessment for Winter and Summer Operation
Authors: Baxevanou Catherine , Fidaros Dimitrios , Tsangrassoulis Aris
Published: March 2022

Towards zero energy consumption buildings, designers need an easy tool to assess in the first stage of the design the performance of passive heating and/or cooling elements like the Trombe wall. In the present work a quasi-steady explicit model is developed for the operation of naturally ventilated Trombe wall for heating and for cooling (operation as solar chimney), based on ISO 13790. For the heating period, three configurations were considered: a) Without thermal mass for heat storage, b) With thermal mass wall and, c) With remote heat storage system of phase change materials. For the cooling period the (b) configuration was considered. The developed model is consisted by a set of equations that can be solved sequentially (no need for software and/or programming) and can be in the early stage of building design to maximize the yearly utilizable heat gains. The heat storage wall can increase the utilization of thermal gains from 15% to 46%. The use of phase change materials can increase these thermal gains up to 77%. The successful summer operation depends on the external climatic conditions and requires management of operation with an automation system when the thermal solar gains overweight the ventilation losses.
Advising, an Indispensable Element in Training Students. Usefulness of POSDRU Grants
Authors: Dungan L. I. , Cernescu L. M. , Herman M. , Popescu F.
Published: March 2022

The present work aims at improving the ability of innovation of institutions for education and training through advisory activities for students in order to prepare them for society and for the environment. In this paper are presented efficiency analysis of career counseling activities in the framework of a European project. Demonstration of the appropriateness of professional counselors will be made on the basis of a pilot group of students advising in career as part of a European project, co-financed by the EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND, Sectoral operational program Human Resources Development 2007-2013, Priority axis no.2 ""Linking learning with lifelong labor market"", Major field of intervention no. 1.3 “Transition from school to life”, Project title: ""Partnership developed for advice and practice of students in order to increase their employability- CONPRACTIS"", Contract no.: POSDRU/189/2.1/G/156607. Counselling and career guidance are important for students in order to gain the relevant skills and competencies for a job and the right attitude towards work, sense of responsibility, gaining practical experience in the workplace, the ability to solve new problems and to understand the context in which action must be taken; the ability to adapt to any working conditions, the provision of ""affective competence"" relevant, appropriate social skills. Many studies and European statistics highlight the relationship of dependency between the welfare economy and education level but, at the same time, draw attention to the danger of ""scatter"" one of the most valuable resources-human resources. Correspondence between the quality of vocational training, on the one hand, and the requirements of the labor market on the other hand, is essential in a knowledge-based economy. Research shows that the unemployment rate among young people may cause permanent sequelae, such as an increase in the risk of being unemployed in the future, low levels of future earnings, loss of human capital, the transmission of poverty from one generation to another or a lesser motivation. One of the reasons identified is the lack of experience to submit to the interview, on condition that the student does not have the experience of another job, but neither-and leverages and presents it in a way convincing powers and abilities held when â when attending the interview.
Gambaran Pelaksanaan Peer Assesment terhadap Perilaku Profesional Mahasiswa pada Pembelajaran Skill di Laboratorium
Authors: Rofiqoch Isnaeni , Yuliani Diah Atmarina
Published: March 2022

Professional behavior in midwifery students is one of the competencies that must be possessed, because later midwifery students when they enter the field of work will face patients. Assessment of professional behavior can be assessed by Peers/fellow friends not only by lecturers or Clinical Instructor (CI). The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the implementation of Peer Assessment on the professional behavior of midwifery students in learning skills in the laboratory. The results showed that the indicators for assessing professional behavior obtained results including: responsibility indicators 93.69%, discipline indicators 81.71%, teamwork indicators 97.84%, indicators 97.84%, and indicators 97.77%, while the average percentage of all indicators 1-5 is 93.77%, this value is considered high because it exceeds 90% of 100%. The conclusion of this study is that the assessment of student professional behavior can be carried out by friends using the Peer Assessment method, Peer Assessment can also make students to be more responsible and take it as self-reflection material to see the weaknesses and strengths of the students.
Problems and methods of updating river vessels
Authors: Koryev Vadim I. , Nikulina Marina V. , Platov Juri I. , Ustavshikov Ivan V.
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the actual problems of fleet renewal in the conditions of the existing economic model. A clear trend of decline of river transport vessels is stated. One of the main and obvious reasons is the disparity in the cost of new ships, borrowed funds, the level of freight rates, operating costs, and the lack of own funds even for large shipping companies to reproduce fixed assets in the required volume. The indicators of economic efficiency of new and old ships under different operating conditions are given. It is shown that the problem of updating the fleet as a whole, and especially in domestic cargo transportation, cannot be solved only by the current incentives for the purchase of new ships and the modernization of the age fleet and is a problem that requires a radical solution at the state level with the involvement of design and scientific specialists. research centers and institutes. In this regard, directions are proposed that provide for phased approaches to solving the problem of fleet renewal.
Study of Heat Transfer and Product Characterization in Spouted Bed Coffee Roaster
Authors: Heryoki Yohanes  , Sang Kompiang W.  , Eko Agus S.
Published: March 2022

Roasting is one of the essential coffee production processes, which significantly influences the quality of roasted coffee. There are many approaches for roasting, applying rotating cylinder (a standard method of the roasting process), fixed bowl, and fluidized bed method. A study of heat transfer and product characterization was conducted in a spout fluidized bed coffee roaster with a 2000-gram capacity. In this research, Temanggung Robusta Coffee beans were processed with two different operating temperature settings, performing 225°C for a low-temperature long time (LTLT) and 240°C for a high-temperature short time (HTST). At both operating temperatures, the overall heat transfer coefficient for coffee roasting was 26,63 – 92,02 W/m2K for the LTLT process and 44,85 – 139,98 W/m2K for the HTST process. The products, then, were analyzed for moisture and ash content. The results showed that a low-temperature long-time process resulted in lower moisture content. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in ash content compared to the high-temperature short-time process (HTST).
Hygroscopic Coffer
Authors: Bianconi Fabio , Filippucci Marco , Pelliccia Giulia , Fioravanti Marco , Togni Marco , Goli Giacomo
Published: March 2022

The integration between renewable materials and passive design strategies for the improvement of the built environment comfort leads to a reduction in energy consumptions and in the use of active HAVC systems. Sustainability concerns the materials employed, but also their performance: natural materials with embedded responsive properties respond to specific external stimuli, changing some of their physical or chemical properties and this represents an additional and innovative advantage in built environments. As biomimicry suggests, it is possible to take advantage of the embedded hygroscopic behavior of wood in order to create a hygromorphic composite material that passively reacts to relative humidity variations of the environment. These composites are realized with a cross-grained double-layered structure, joining a thicker veneer (active layer) and a thinner one (passive layer), in order to reproduce the principles that make pine cones scales bending after exposure to humidity variations.

The double-layered panels, called “unplywood”, can be digitally parametrized and used as a false ceiling for the passive dehumidification of an indoor environment, using only the convective motion of the humid air and the stack effect. This is particularly useful when the relative humidity excessively increases, exceeding the comfort levels.

The result is a passive dehumidification system where the timber panels act as sensors and as decorative architectural elements at the same time and contribute to improving the indoor environment from a hygrometric point of view as well as from a perceptive one.
Deformed Quantum Phase Spaces, Realizations, Star Products and Twists
Authors:   Ruder Bov&, Meljanac Stjepan ,   #353,   kovi&,   #263,   Institute, Croatia, Štrajn Rina ,   University of Dubrovnik, Croatia
Published: March 2022

We review deformed quantum phase spaces and their realizations in terms of undeformed phase space. In particular, methods of calculation for the star product, coproduct of momenta and twist from realizations are presented, as well as their properties and the relations between them. Lie deformed quantum phase spaces and Snyder type spaces are considered. Examples of linear realizations of the κ-Minkowski spacetime are elaborated. Finally, some new results on quadratic deformations of quantum phase spaces and a generalization of Yang and triply special relativity models are presented.
Markov Chains for Horizons MARCH. I. Identifying Biases in Fitting Theoretical Models to Event Horizon Telescope Observations
Authors: Psaltis Dimitrios , Özel Feryal , Medeiros Lia , Christian Pierre , Kim Junhan , Chan Chi-kwan , Conway Landen J. , Raithel Carolyn A. , Marrone Dan , Lauer Tod R.
Published: March 2022

We introduce a new Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm with parallel tempering for fitting theoretical models of horizon-scale images of black holes to the interferometric data from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). The algorithm implements forms of the noise distribution in the data that are accurate for all signal-to-noise ratios. In addition to being trivially parallelizable, the algorithm is optimized for high performance, achieving 1 million MCMC chain steps in under 20 s on a single processor. We use synthetic data for the 2017 EHT coverage of M87 that are generated based on analytic as well as General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) model images to explore several potential sources of biases in fitting models to sparse interferometric data. We demonstrate that a very small number of data points that lie near salient features of the interferometric data exert disproportionate influence on the inferred model parameters. We also show that the preferred orientations of the EHT baselines introduce significant biases in the inference of the orientation of the model images. Finally, we discuss strategies that help identify the presence and severity of such biases in realistic applications.
Testing the Momentum-driven Supernova Feedback Paradigm in M31
Authors: Sarbadhicary Sumit K. , Martizzi Davide , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico , Koch Eric , Auchettl Katie , Badenes Carles , Chomiuk Laura
Published: March 2022

Momentum feedback from isolated supernova remnants (SNRs) have been increasingly recognized by modern cosmological simulations as a resolution-independent means to implement the effects of feedback in galaxies, such as turbulence and winds. However, the integrated momentum yield from SNRs is uncertain due to the effects of SN clustering and interstellar medium (ISM) inhomogeneities. In this paper, we use spatially resolved observations of the prominent 10 kpc star-forming ring of M31 to test models of mass-weighted ISM turbulence driven by momentum feedback from isolated, nonoverlapping SNRs. We use a detailed stellar age distribution (SAD) map from the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury survey, observationally constrained SN delay-time distributions, and maps of the atomic and molecular hydrogen to estimate the mass-weighted velocity dispersion using the Martizzi et al. ISM turbulence model. Our estimates are within a factor of two of the observed mass-weighted velocity dispersion in most of the ring, but exceed observations at densities ≲0.2 cm−3 and SN rates >2.1 × 10−4 SN yr−1 kpc−2, even after accounting for plausible variations in SAD models and ISM scale height assumptions. We conclude that at high SN rates the momentum deposited is most likely suppressed by the nonlinear effects of SN clustering, while at low densities, SNRs reach pressure equilibrium before the cooling phase. These corrections should be introduced in models of momentum-driven feedback and ISM turbulence.
Methane Formation in Cold Regions from Carbon Atoms and Molecular Hydrogen
Authors: Lamberts Thanja , Fedoseev Gleb , van Hemert Marc C. , Qasim Danna , Chuang Ko-Ju , Santos Julia C. , Linnartz Harold
Published: March 2022

Methane is typically thought to be formed in the solid state on top of cold interstellar icy grain mantles via the successive atomic hydrogenation of a carbon atom. In the current work we investigate the role of molecular hydrogen in the CH4 reaction network. We make use of an ultrahigh vacuum cryogenic setup combining an atomic carbon atom beam with atomic and/or molecular beams of hydrogen and deuterium on a water ice. These experiments lead to the formation of methane isotopologues detected in situ through reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy. Most notably, CH4 is experimentally formed by combining C atoms with only H2 on amorphous solid water, albeit more slowly than in experiments where H atoms are also present. Furthermore, CH2D2 is detected in an experiment involving C atoms with H2 and D2 on H2O ice. CD4, however, is only formed when D atoms are present in the experiment. These findings have been rationalized by means of computational and theoretical chemical insights. This leads to the following conclusions: (a) the reaction C + H2 → CH2 takes place, although it is not barrierless for all binding sites on water, (b) the reaction CH + H2 → CH3 is barrierless, but has not yet been included in astrochemical models, (c) the reactions CH2 + H2 → CH3 + H and CH3 + H2 → CH4 + H can take place only via a tunneling mechanism, and (d) molecular hydrogen possibly plays a more important role in the solid-state formation of methane than assumed so far.
White Dwarf Photospheric Abundances in Cataclysmic Variables—II. White Dwarfs with and without a Mask
Authors: Godon Patrick , Sion Edward M.
Published: March 2022

Taking advantage of the now-available Gaia EDR3 parallaxes, we carry out an archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) far-ultraviolet spectroscopic analysis of 10 cataclysmic variable systems, including five carefully selected eclipsing systems. We obtain accurate white dwarf (WD) masses and temperatures, in excellent agreement with the masses for four of the eclipsing systems. For three systems in our sample, BD Pav, HS 2214, and TT Crt, we report the first robust masses for their WDs. We modeled the absorption lines to derive the WD chemical abundances and rotational velocities for each of the 10 systems. As expected, for five higher-inclination (i ≳ 75°) systems, the model fits are improved with the inclusion of a cold absorbing slab (a curtain masking the WD) with N
H ≈ 1020–1022 cm−2. Modeling of the metal lines in the HST spectra reveals that seven of the 10 systems have significant subsolar carbon abundance, and six have subsolar silicon abundance, thereby providing further evidence that CV WDs exhibit subsolar abundances of carbon and silicon. We suggest that strong aluminum absorption lines (and iron absorption features) in the spectra of some CV WDs (such as IR Com) may be due to the presence of a thin iron curtain (N
H ≈ 1019 cm−2) rather than to suprasolar aluminum and iron abundances in the WD photosphere. The derived WD (projected) rotational velocities all fall in the range ≈100–400 km s−1, all sub-Keplerian similar to the values obtained in earlier studies.
Blue Stragglers as Tracers of the Dynamical State of Two Clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud: NGC 339 and NGC 419
Authors: Dresbach F. , Massari D. , Lanzoni B. , Ferraro F. R. , Dalessandro E. , Raso S. , Bellini A. , Libralato M.
Published: March 2022

The level of central segregation of Blue Straggler stars has proved to be an excellent tracer of the dynamical evolution of old star clusters (the so-called “dynamical clock”), both in the Milky Way and in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The A
+ parameter, used to measure the Blue Stragglers degree of segregation, has in fact been found to strongly correlate with the parent cluster central relaxation time. Here, we have studied the Blue Straggler population of two young stellar systems in the Small Magellanic Cloud, namely NGC 339 (which is 6 Gyr old) and NGC 419 (with an age of only 1.5 Gyr), in order to study their dynamical state. Thanks to multi-epoch, high angular resolution Hubble Space Telescope observations available for both clusters, we took advantage of the stellar proper motions measured in the regions of the two systems and we selected a population of likely cluster members, removing the strong contamination from Small Magellanic Cloud stars. This enabled us to study, with unprecedented accuracy, the radial distribution of Blue Stragglers in these two extra-Galactic clusters and to measure their dynamical age. As expected for such young clusters, we found that both systems are poorly evolved from the dynamical point of view, also fully confirming that the A
+ parameter is a sensitive “clock hand” even in the dynamically young regime.
Neural Networks as Optimal Estimators to Marginalize Over Baryonic Effects
Authors: Villaescusa-Navarro Francisco , Wandelt Benjamin D. , Anglés-Alcázar Daniel , Genel Shy , Manuel Zorrilla Matilla Jose , Ho Shirley , Spergel David N.
Published: March 2022

Many different studies have shown that a wealth of cosmological information resides on small, nonlinear scales. Unfortunately, there are two challenges to overcome to utilize that information. First, we do not know the optimal estimator that will allow us to retrieve the maximum information. Second, baryonic effects impact that regime significantly and in a poorly understood manner. Ideally, we would like to use an estimator that extracts the maximum cosmological information while marginalizing over baryonic effects. In this work we show that neural networks can achieve that when considering some simple scenarios. We made use of data where the maximum amount of cosmological information is known: power spectra and 2D Gaussian density fields. We also contaminate the data with simplified baryonic effects and train neural networks to predict the value of the cosmological parameters. For this data, we show that neural networks can (1) extract the maximum available cosmological information, (2) marginalize over baryonic effects, and (3) extract cosmological information that is buried in the regime dominated by baryonic physics. We also show that neural networks learn the priors of the data they are trained on, affecting their extrapolation properties. We conclude that a promising strategy to maximize the scientific return of cosmological experiments is to train neural networks on state-of-the-art numerical simulations with different strengths and implementations of baryonic effects.
Investigating the Future Potential of an Upgraded ALMA to Image Planet-forming Disks at Sub-astronomical-unit Scales
Authors: Burrill Benjamin P. , Ricci Luca , Harter Sarah K. , Zhang Shangjia , Zhu Zhaohuan
Published: March 2022

In recent years, ALMA has been able to observe large-scale substructures within protoplanetary disks. Comparison with the predictions from models of planet–disk interactions has indicated that most of these disk substructures can be explained by the presence of planets with the mass of Neptune or larger at orbital radii of ≈5–100 au. Better resolution is needed to observe structures closer to the star, where terrestrial planets are expected to form, as well as structures opened by planets with masses lower than Neptune. We investigate the capabilities of a possible extension to ALMA that would double the longest baseline lengths in the array to detect and resolve disk substructures opened by Earth-mass and super-Earth planets at orbital radii of 1–5 au. By simulating observations of a family of disk models using this extended configuration in ALMA Bands 6 and 7, we show that an upgraded ALMA would detect gaps in disks formed by super-Earths as close as 1 au, as well as Earth-mass planets down to 2–3 au from the young host stars in nearby star-forming regions.
A Massive AGB Donor in Scutum X-1: Identification of the First Mira Variable in an X-Ray Binary
Authors: De Kishalay , Chakrabarty Deepto , Soria Roberto , Ashley Michael C. B. , Conroy Charlie , Hankins Matthew J. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Lau Ryan M. , Moore Anna M. , Simcoe Robert , Soon Jamie , Travouillon Tony
Published: March 2022

The symbiotic X-ray binary Sct X-1 was suggested to be the first known neutron star accreting from a red supergiant companion. Although known for nearly 50 yr, detailed characterization of the donor remains lacking, particularly due to the extremely high reddening toward the source (A

V
≳ 25 mag). Here, we present (i) improved localization of the counterpart using Gaia and Chandra observations, (ii) the first broadband infrared spectrum (≈1–5 μm; R ≈ 2000) obtained with SpeX on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility, and (iii) the J-band light curve from the Palomar Gattini-IR survey. The infrared spectrum is characterized by (i) deep water absorption features (H2O index ≈ 40%), (ii) strong TiO, VO, and CO features, and (iii) weak/absent CN lines. We show that these features are inconsistent with known red supergiants but suggest an M8-9 III–type O-rich Mira donor star. We report the discovery of large-amplitude (ΔJ ≈ 3.5 mag) periodic photometric variability, suggesting a pulsation period of 621 ± 36 (systematic) ± 8 (statistical) days, which we use to constrain the donor to be a relatively luminous Mira (M

K
= −8.6 ± 0.3 mag) at a distance of

3.6

−
0.7

+
0.8

kpc. Comparing these characteristics to recent models, we find the donor to be consistent with a ≈3–5 M
⊙ star at an age of ≈0.1–0.3 Gyr. Together, we show that Sct X-1 was previously misclassified as an evolved high-mass X-ray binary; instead, it is an intermediate-mass system with the first confirmed Mira donor in an X-ray binary. We discuss the implications of Mira donors in symbiotic X-ray binaries and highlight the potential of wide-field infrared time-domain surveys and broadband infrared spectroscopy to unveil their demographics.
In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Pandanus conoideus Oil Extract in the Maturation of Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages
Authors: Wiyarta Elvan , Kusmardi Kusmardi , Tedjo Aryo , Sunaryo Hadi
Published: March 2022

Background: Pandanus conoideus (PC) is a traditional medicinal plant that has an interesting effect on inflammatory pathways, especially in the maturation of peritoneal macrophage (PM). PM involve in the pathogenesis of several types of human inflammatory diseases and abdominal cancers which can be targeted as a potential therapeutic strategy. We aim to explore the role of PC oil extract (PCOE) in the maturation of PM which may influence the effectiveness of inflammation.
Method: This study is a true-experimental in vitro and in vivo laboratory study using CH3 mice. To explore the role of PCOE on PM maturation, experiments were carried out in vitro (detection of nitrite oxide levels, detection of IL-1β levels, analysis of PM phagocytosis and proliferation, as well as flow cytometry analysis of MHC I, MHC II, CD14, and CD68 expression) and in vivo (analysis of PM phagocytosis and flow cytometry analysis of CD14 and CD68 expression). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) then followed by Bonferroni Post Hoc test to compare the differences.
Result: PCOE substantially enhanced NO and IL-1β production from mice PM in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05), upregulates CD68 and CD14 expression on mice and promotes mouse PM phagocytic activity in vitro and in vivo (p<0.01). However, PCOE does not affect the proliferation and MHC I and MHC II expression of mouse PM.
Conclusion: PCOE has a function in PM maturation by increasing the production of NO and IL-1β, enhancing the expression of CD14 and CD68, as well as promoting PM phagocytic activity.
Distribution patterns of rDNA loci in the Schedonorus-Lolium complex (Poaceae)
Authors: Ansari Helal Ahmad , Ellison Nicholas , Stewart Alan Vincent , Williams Warren Mervyn
Published: March 2022

The Schedonorus-Lolium complex of the subtribe Loliinae (Poaceae) includes several economically important forage and turf grasses. This complex encompasses Lolium Linnaeus, 1753, Festuca Linnaeus, 1753 subgenus Schedonorus (P. Beauvois, 1824) Petermann, 1849 and Micropyropsis Romero Zarco et Cabezudo, 1983. New FISH results of 5S and 18S–26S rDNA sequences are presented for three species and the results are interpreted in a review of distribution patterns of 5S and 18S–26S rDNA sequences among other species in the complex. Micropyropsis tuberosa Romero Zarco et Cabezudo, 1983 (2n = 2x = 14) displayed a distribution pattern of rDNA sequences identical to that of F. pratensis Hudson, 1762, supporting a close phylogenetic relationship at the bottom of the phylogenetic tree. “Lolium multiflorum” Lamarck, 1779 accessions sourced from Morocco showed a different pattern from European L. multiflorum and could be a unique and previously uncharacterised taxon. North African Festuca simensis Hochstetter ex A. Richard, 1851 had a marker pattern consistent with allotetraploidy and uniparental loss of one 18S–26S rDNA locus. This allotetraploid has previously been suggested to have originated from a hybrid with Festuca glaucescens (Festuca arundinacea var. glaucescens Boissier, 1844). However, the distribution patterns of the two rDNA sequences in this allotetraploid do not align with F. glaucescens, suggesting that its origin from this species is unlikely. Furthermore, comparisons with other higher alloploids in the complex indicate that F. simensis was a potential donor of two sub-genomes of allohexaploid Festuca gigantea (Linnaeus) Villars, 1787. In the overall complex, the proximal locations of both rDNA markers were conserved among the diploid species. Two types of synteny of the two markers could, to a considerable extent, distinguish allo- and autogamous Lolium species. The ancestral parentage of the three Festuca allotetraploids has not yet been determined, but all three appear to have been sub-genome donors to the higher allopolypoids of sub-genus Schedonorus. Terminal locations of both the markers were absent from the diploids but were very frequently observed in the polyploids.
Germany’s federal waterways – A linear infrastructure network for nature and transport
Authors: Steege Volker , Engelbart Dirk , Hädicke Nicole T. , Schäfer Kai , Wey Jennifer K.
Published: March 2022

Major rivers are unique linear structures because they serve different purposes simultaneously: A habitat and dispersal route for flora and fauna as well as a navigation route, the site for recreational and economic activities and a source for drinking water and irrigation. In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that waterways must be developed in an environmentally and economically sustainable and socially responsible manner. The Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI) and its specialised agencies – the Waterways and Shipping Administration of the German Federal Government (WSV), the Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG) and the Federal Waterways Engineering and Research Institute (BAW) – are aiming to achieve this goal by integrating environmental issues into the development and maintenance of waterways. This paper aims to fill the gap on the one hand between scientific analyses of ecological freshwater status and proposals for its improvement, and, on the other hand, bringing this knowledge into practical realisation. Recent activities at the German federal waterways are exemplarily reviewed on the basis of applied research projects, local projects, political programmes and progressive legislation.
Speed thrills but kills: A case study on seasonal variation in roadkill mortality on National highway 715 (new) in Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong Landscape, Assam, India
Authors: Sur Somoyita , Saikia Prasanta Kumar , Saikia Malabika Kakati
Published: March 2022

Animal-vehicle collision on the roads is a major cause of mortality of a wide range of animal taxa both within and around protected areas. This study has been conducted in the National Highway 715 (new) covering a continuous stretch of 64 km that passes through Kaziranga National Park (KNP) of Assam (India). The area falls between the boundary of KNP on its north and North Karbi Anglong Wildlife sanctuary on the south. The survey concentrated on the mortality study of four groups of vertebrates viz., amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals resulting from collisions with vehicles from October 2016 through September, 2017. A total of 6036 individual roadkills were registered, belonging to 53 species, 23 other taxa and 30 families of vertebrates, with herpetofauna being the most affected group followed by birds and mammals. The study evaluated seasonal variation in the overall roadkill pattern with highest mortality in the monsoon season 38.27% (n = 2310) and with peak casualties starting with the onset of rainfall (February and March) and during monsoons (July and August). The amphibian mortality was also found to be highest during the monsoon with 43.28% (n = 1575) of kills, as compared to the other three groups. NH-715 (new), therefore serves as a challenging passage for the animals, forming a major barrier for the faunal component of the Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong landscape. This study thus tried to reflect the often overlooked issue of roads and highways in terms of direct mortality of animals due to traffic and thereby can be helpful in understanding the seriousness of the situation and identifying prospective measures to be taken for sustainable coexistence of both animals and human.
Flospes gen. nov. (Orthoptera, Trigonidiidae, Trigonidiinae), a genus of swordtail crickets from China, with two new species and new combinations
Authors: He Zhi-Xin , Ma Li-Bin , Zhang Tao , Miao Xiao-Lan
Published: March 2022

We propose the genusFlospesgen. nov.for two new species,Flospes guangxiensissp. nov.andFlospes viridipennissp. nov., obtained from Guangxi and Hainan provinces, China, respectively, based on male genitalia traits. Three other species with similar genitalia are placed in the new genus:Flospes fujianensis(Wang et al., 1999),comb. nov.,Flospes hainanensis(He et al., 2010),comb. nov., andFlospes denticulatus(Liu & Shi, 2011),comb. nov.The new species are described, illustrated, and their ranges are given.
The Practice Doctorate in Nursing: An Idea Whose Time Has Come
Authors: Lenz Elizabeth
Published: March 2022

The practice-focused doctorate is an important alternative to research-focused doctorates in nursing. The goal of this article is to provide the reader with an understanding of the nature and potential benefits of the practice doctorate. After discussing the background of this doctoral degree and the development of the degree by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Task Force on the Practice Doctorate in Nursing, the article will describe patterns in practice-focused doctoral education and issues considered by the task force in developing the position paper on the practice doctorate in nursing. A look ahead provides an update on current steps being taken by AACN and others toward implementing the task force’s recommendations.
Weakly nonlinear waves in stratified shear flows
Authors: Geyer Anna , Quirchmayr Ronald
Published: March 2022

We develop a Korteweg–De Vries (KdV) theory for weakly nonlinear waves in discontinuously stratified two-layer fluids with a generally prescribed rotational steady current. With the help of a classical asymptotic power series approach, these models are directly derived from the divergence-free incompressible Euler equations for unidirectional free surface and internal waves over a flat bed. Moreover, we derive a Burns condition for the determination of wave propagation speeds. Several examples of currents are given; explicit calculations of the corresponding propagation speeds and KdV coefficients are provided as well.
Infinitely many periodic solutions for ordinary $ p(t) $-Laplacian differential systems
Authors: Liu Chungen , Zhong Yuyou
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we consider the existence of infinitely many periodic solutions for some ordinary $ p(t) $-Laplacian differential systems by minimax methods in critical point theory.
A new document representation based on global policy for supervised term weighting schemes in text categorization
Authors: Jia Longjia , Zhang Bangzuo
Published: March 2022

There are two main factors involved in documents classification, document representation method and classification algorithm. In this study, we focus on document representation method and demonstrate that the choice of representation methods has impacts on quality of classification results. We propose a document representation strategy for supervised text classification named document representation based on global policy (DRGP), which can obtain an appropriate document representation according to the distribution of terms. The main idea of DRGP is to construct the optimization function through the importance of terms to different categories. In the experiments, we investigate the effects of DRGP on the 20 Newsgroups, Reuters21578 datasets, and using the SVM as classifier. The results show that the DRGP outperforms other text representation strategy schemes, such as Document Max, Document Two Max and global policy.
A Reinforcement Learning Integrating Distributed Caches for Contextual Road Navigation
Authors: Ilié Jean-Michel , Chaouche Ahmed-Chawki , Pêcheux François
Published: March 2022

Due to contextual traffic conditions, the computation of optimized or shortest paths is a very complex problem for both drivers and autonomous vehicles. This paper introduces a reinforcement learning mechanism that is able to efficiently evaluate path durations based on an abstraction of the available traffic information. The authors demonstrate that a cache data structure allows a permanent access to the results whereas a lazy politics taking new data into account is used to increase the viability of those results. As a client of the proposed learning system, the authors consider a contextual path planning application and they show in addition the benefit of integrating a client cache at this level. Our measures highlight the performance of each mechanism, according to different learning and caching strategies.
ECG Intervals and Segments Detection and Characterization for Analyzing Effects of Sahaja Yoga Meditation
Authors: Londhe Aboli , Atulkar Mithilesh
Published: March 2022

Meditation is expected to regularize autonomic nervous system and reduce metabolic movement, inciting physical and mental relaxation. A lot of research is being conducted to assess effects of different meditation techniques based on heart rate variability analysis or by observing characteristics of ECG. In this paper, effects of Sahaja Yoga meditation technique are analyzed based on ECG characteristics. For this, a new dataset from a total of 30 meditators and non-meditators recorded over a considerable period of 28 days, is used. The local ECG components like intervals and segments are detected using deep learning architecture. Furthermore, the detected fiducial points are localized and ECG characteristics are measured. Some ECG characteristics showed significant variations for meditators compared to non-meditators. From further results and analysis, it can be easily confirmed that sympathovagal balance is quickly attained and remains shifted to parasympathetic nervous system during meditation which helps not only to prevent stress, anxiety but also to cure cardiovascular diseases.
Security Trend and Trust in India's E-Governance Framework
Authors: Suman Rajiv Ranjan , Mondal Bhaskar , Mandal Tarni
Published: March 2022

In an e-governance framework, the end user frequently falls victim to the digital divide and a lack of required knowledge regarding self-protection against cyber-attacks. The purpose of this research is to examine the threats to the e-governance framework, end users' trust in the security of e-governance applications, and end users' security behaviour on the Internet. Additionally, the research forecasts future trends in various types of security attacks in India. To forecast future trends in various types of security attacks in India, historical data from the CERT-in annual report is gathered (2006 to 2020). To forecast future trends, the AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) is applied to the collected data. Additionally, an anonymous survey of 1,000 end users was conducted to ascertain end users' trust in the security of e-governance applications and some end users' security behaviour on the Internet. The research concludes that five of the six attack categories identified by CERT-in will see a consistent increase in the next five years.