bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Ni‐Catalyzed Carboxylation of Unactivated Primary Alkyl Bromides and Sulfonates with CO2.
Authors: Liu Yu , Cornella Josep , Martin Ruben
Published: February 2015

The synthetic utility of this mild method is demonstrated in the synthesis of phenoxybutyric herbicide MCPB (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential Allylic Substitution/Pauson—Khand Reaction: A Strategy to Bicyclic Fused Cyclopentenones from MBH‐Acetates of Acetylenic Aldehydes.
Authors: Raji Reddy Chada , Kumaraswamy Paridala , Singarapu Kiran K.
Published: February 2015

The two‐step process can be applied to the preparation of a broad spectrum of target compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(II)‐Mediated ortho C—H Alkynylation of (Hetero)Arenes with Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Shang Ming , Wang Hong‐Li , Sun Shang‐Zheng , Dai Hui‐Xiong , Yu Jin‐Quan
Published: February 2015

A route to aryl alkynes by ortho‐directed alkynylation with terminal alkynes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Bromodifluoromethylation of Iminium Ions.
Authors: Tsymbal Artem V. , Kosobokov Mikhail D. , Levin Vitalij V. , Struchkova Marina I. , Dilman Alexander D.
Published: February 2015

An optimized one‐pot procedure for the title reaction is elaborated which includes intermediate formation of iminium electrophiles and difluorocarbene as reactive agents.
ChemInform Abstract: A Continuous‐Flow Protocol for Light‐Induced Benzylic Fluorinations.
Authors: Cantillo David , de Frutos Oscar , Rincon Juan A. , Mateos Carlos , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: February 2015

The presented protocol enables the synthesis of fluorinated benzylic substrates bearing different substituents in short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct ortho‐Nitration of Azoarenes Using NO2 as Nitro Source.
Authors: Dong Jiawei , Jin Bo , Sun Peipei
Published: February 2015

A direct ortho‐nitration of a variety of azoarenes is achieved with NO2 as nitro source in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Chlorides and Bromides with Ammonium Salts.
Authors: Green Rebecca A. , Hartwig John F.
Published: February 2015

It is demonstrated, that ammonium salts are practical alternatives to gaseous amines for amination reactions of aryl chlorides and bromides.
ChemInform Abstract: A Detour Route for meta Functionalization of Phenols.
Authors: Chittimalla Santhosh Kumar , Kuppusamy Rajesh , Bandi Chennakesavulu
Published: February 2015

The method is applied to the synthesis of several aminoacid derivatives such as (XI), the analogue of the drug combretastatin (XV) and allylphenyl derivatives, such as (XIII) which can be further transformed into the natural product elemicin.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Alkene Hydrosilylation via a Hydride Shuttle Process by Diene Ligands: Dramatic Enhancement of Regio‐ and Diastereoselectivity.
Authors: Hua Yuanda , Nguyen Hiep H. , Trog Gabriela , Berlin Adam S. , Jeon Junha
Published: February 2015

The precursors oxasilacyclopentanes for trans‐1,3‐diols are synthesized in a highly regio‐ and diastereoselective manner by using [RhCl(BINAP)]2 as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of O‐Aryloxime Ethers by Copper Fluorapatite Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Aryloximes with Arylboronic Acids.
Authors: Mulla Shafeek A. R. , Chavan Santosh S. , Inamdar Suleman M. , Pathan Mohsinkhan Y. , Shaikh Taufeekaslam M. Y.
Published: February 2015

The catalyst is recycled and reused several times without loss of its activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Enaminodicarbonyl Derivatives in the Titanium(IV) Chloride‐Promoted Reactions of β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds with Nitriles.
Authors: Pei Shuchen , Xue Chenchen , Hai Li , Wu Yong
Published: February 2015

The products can be further reacted with hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and phosphorus pentasulfide to afford the corresponding 3,4,5‐trisubstituted pyrazoles, isoxazoles, and isothiazoles, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of the Zinc Enolate Equivalent of Amides by Zinciomethylation of Isocyanates: Catalytic Asymmetric Reformatsky‐Type Reaction.
Authors: Haraguchi Ryosuke , Matsubara Seijiro
Published: February 2015

The reaction is also performed with a keto aldehyde affording the corresponding product with the keto group intact.
ChemInform Abstract: Trimethylaluminium‐Mediated Reaction of Primary Carboxamides with Amines and Indoles: A Convenient Synthesis of Amidines and Indole‐3‐acylimines.
Authors: Velavan A. , Sumathi S. , Balasubramanian K. K.
Published: February 2015

A general method for the synthesis of amidines is developed using the AlMe3‐promoted direct coupling of carboxylic amides with primary and secondary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Gallium Trihalide Catalyzed Sequential Addition of Two Different Carbon Nucleophiles to Esters by Using Silyl Cyanide and Ketene Silyl Acetals.
Authors: Inamoto Yoshihiro , Kaga Yuta , Nishimoto Yoshihiro , Yasuda Makoto , Baba Akio
Published: February 2015

The described method is applicable to aromatic, aliphatic and formic acid esters, and lactones as substrates giving the products with low to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryl Methyl Sulfides via SNAr Using DMSO as the Source of the Thiomethyl Moiety.
Authors: Jones‐Mensah Ebenezer , Magolan Jakob
Published: February 2015

4‐Bromonitrobenzene as well as 1,3‐dinitrobenzene are unreactive, and 2‐fluoropyridine decomposes under the reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of Mono‐Substituted Ureas in Low Melting Citric Acid‐Urea‐Mannitol Mixture.
Authors: Mahajan Hitesh , Bhardwaj Madhvi , Paul Satya
Published: February 2015

The methodology has several benefits like the use of renewable, non‐toxic and biodegradable materials, mild reaction conditions, easy work‐up as well as high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Cerium Ammonium Nitrate‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Coupling of Dithiocarbamates: Facile Synthesis of Thioureas and Bis(aminothiocarbonyl)disulfides.
Authors: Li Tian‐Tian , Song Xiang‐Hai , Wang Mei‐Shuang , Ma Ning
Published: February 2015

The starting materials (I), (VI), and (VIII) are used as their triethylamine or DABCO salts.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Poly(N‐vinyl‐ imidazole‐co‐N‐vinylcaprolactam) as an Effective Recyclable Catalyst for the Suzuki Reaction.
Authors: Selivanova Alexandra V. , Tyurin Vladimir S. , Beletskaya Irina P.
Published: February 2015

The heterogeneous catalyst is generated in situ from H2PdCl4 and a vinylimidazol‐vinylcaprolactam copolymer and applied to the Suzuki—Miyaura cross coupling of aryl bromides with phenylboronic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Multistep Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenes from N‐Tosylhydrazones and Alcohols.
Authors: Sha Qiang , Wei Yunyang
Published: February 2015

Tosylhydrazones derived from aliphatic aldehydes or ketones, such as cyclohexanone or butyraldehyde, do not afford the desired trisubstituted alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Mizoroki—Heck Reactions Catalyzed by (N‐Heterocyclic Carbene)PdCl2(Et3N) Complexes.
Authors: Gallop Christopher W. D. , Zinser Caroline , Guest Daniel , Navarro Oscar
Published: February 2015

The catalyst is not effective in the coupling reaction between (II) and unactivated aryl chlorides such as chlorobenzene or 4‐chlorotoluene, but provides the corresponding products when aryl bromides are used.
ChemInform Abstract: A Heterogeneous and Reusable Nanopolymer‐Supported Palladium Catalyst for the Copper‐ and Phosphine‐Free Sonogashira Coupling Reaction under Aerobic Conditions in Water.
Authors: Nasrollahzadeh Mahmoud , Khalaj Mehdi , Ehsani Ali
Published: February 2015

The transformation of aryl iodides instead of aryl bromides requires slightly shorter reaction times and affords the corresponding products in virtually identical yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible Light‐Mediated Coupling of α‐Bromochalcones with Alkenes.
Authors: Paria Suva , Kais Viktor , Reiser Oliver
Published: February 2015

Photoinduced and Ir‐catalyzed intermolecular annulation of vinyl radicals derived from monosubstituted olefins offers an interesting synthesis of dihydronaphtahlenes.
ChemInform Abstract: The ′Mikami′‐Catalyst in Enantioselective Diels—Alder Reactions of Juglone‐Based Dienophiles with Different 1‐Oxygenated Dienes: An Investigation on the Substitution Pattern Dependent Regioselectivity.
Authors: Boese Dietrich , Frey Wolfgang , Pietruszka Joerg
Published: February 2015

The enantioselective reactions are not driven to completion, but stopped in order to determine the regioisomeric ratios and enantiomeric excesses of the products.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Reaction for the Concise Synthesis of Spiro[benzofuran‐2,2′‐naphthalen]‐1′‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Hu Jiaxing , Liu Dandan , Xu Wengang , Zhang Fanglin , Zheng Hua
Published: February 2015

A novel protocol for the synthesis of title compounds (III) and (V) from the three‐component reaction of tetralone (I) or indanone (IV), 2‐hydroxyphenyl functionalized α,β‐unsaturated ketones (II) and iodine is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Photocatalytic Synthesis of Oxetane Derivatives by Selective C—H Activation.
Authors: Ravelli Davide , Zoccolillo Matteo , Mella Mariella , Fagnoni Maurizio
Published: February 2015

The novel photochemical generation of α‐oxy radicals from oxetanes and subsequent trapping by electron poor olefins renders possible the preparation of various novel 2‐substituted oxetane derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Dihydrofurans Through Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Formal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of β‐Ketoesters with Propargylic Esters.
Authors: Zhu Fu‐Lin , Wang Ya‐Hui , Zhang De‐Yang , Xu Jie , Hu Xiang‐Ping
Published: February 2015

The procedure allows the synthesis of various polysubstituted dihydrofurans bearing an exocyclic double bond in position 2.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt Porphyrin Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Cyclopropanes and Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Shiba Takahiro , Kuroda Daiki , Kurahashi Takuya , Matsubara Seijiro
Published: February 2015

The chiral cyclopropane (S)‐Ia racemizes in the presence of the Co‐catalyst, thus providing the product with substantial loss of optical purity (77% e.e.).
ChemInform Abstract: An Interrupted Vinylogous Iso‐Nazarov Reaction: Cycloisomerization of Conjugated Trienones to Cyclopenta[b]furan Derivatives.
Authors: Riveira Martin J. , Mischne Mirta P.
Published: February 2015

Trienones (I), (IV), and (VI) are found to undergo an unusual carbocation cyclization to give cyclopenta[b]furans with FeCl3 as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzothiophenes via Copper‐Catalyzed Thiolation Annulations of O‐Halostyrenes with NaSH.
Authors: Wang Chong , Sun Lei‐Lei , Hu Bo‐Lun , Zhang Xing‐Guo , Chen Fan
Published: February 2015

A broad range of o‐bromostyrenes and o‐chlorostyrenes undergo tandem annulations with NaSH to afford benzothiophenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Dimethyl Sulfoxide Participant Iron‐Mediated Cascade Oxidation/α‐Formylation Reaction of Substituted 2,3‐Dihydropyrroles under Air and Protonic Acid Free Condition.
Authors: Zhang Zhiguo , Tian Qing , Qian Jingjing , Liu Qingfeng , Liu Tongxin , Shi Lei , Zhang Guisheng
Published: February 2015

A new method is reported to synthesize α‐formylated multisubstituted pyrrole derivatives in good yields using dimethyl sulfoxide as solvent and the formyl donor.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Diastereoselective Catalytic Vinylogous Aldol Reaction Among Tetramic Acid‐Derived Pyrroles.
Authors: David Jonathan G. , Bai Wen‐Ju , Weaver Marisa G. , Pettus Thomas R. R.
Published: February 2015

The title process proceeds with good to excellent syn selectivity to provide the corresponding aldol products.
ChemInform Abstract: A Greener Approach for the Regioselective Synthesis of Multifunctionalized Indolylpyrrole and Indolyltriazolylpyrrole Hybrids via Michael Addition of α‐Azido Ketones.
Authors: Kamalraja Jayabal , Sowndarya Ramachandran , Perumal Paramasivan Thirumalai
Published: February 2015

The reaction fails using substrates with aliphatic substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Formal [3 + 2] Annulation Reaction of Enals: An Efficient Enantioselective Access to Spiro‐Heterocycles.
Authors: Guo Chang , Schedler Michael , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Glorius Frank
Published: February 2015

The process is applied to various azaaurones and α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes to afford indole‐based spiro compounds with a quaternary stereogenic center.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Functionalized/NH‐Multisubstituted Indoles, Thienopyrroles, Pyrroloindoles, and Pyrazolopyrroles via Sequential One‐Pot Base‐Mediated and Copper‐Catalyzed Inter‐ and Intramolecular Amination of 2‐[2‐Bromo(het)aryl]‐3‐(het)aryl‐3‐(methylthio)acrylonitriles.
Authors: Vijay Kumar S. , Saraiah B. , Parameshwarappa G. , Ila H. , Verma Girijesh K.
Published: February 2015

An efficient approach to the title heterocycles, scaffolds of pharmaceutical drugs and natural products, is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Diindolylmethanes via Acid‐Catalyzed Electrophilic Substitution Reactions.
Authors: Bingul Murat , Cheung Belamy B. , Kumar Naresh , Black David StC.
Published: February 2015

A variety of both symmetrical and unsymmetrical diindolylmethane systems is prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C2‐Acylation of Indoles with Aryl and Alkyl Aldehydes.
Authors: Yan Xiao‐Biao , Shen Yong‐Wen , Chen Dao‐Qian , Gao Pin , Li Ying‐Xiu , Song Xian‐Rong , Liu Xue‐Yuan , Liang Yong‐Min
Published: February 2015

A broad range of 2‐aroylindoles (III) and (V) is prepared via C—H functionalization of the corresponding heterocycles (I) and (IV) with aldehydes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Electrophilic Carbofunctionalization of Acrylamides for the Synthesis of Oxindoles.
Authors: Li Xueqin , Xu Jian , Zhang Pengbo , Gao Yuzhen , Wu Ju , Tang Guo , Zhao Yufen
Published: February 2015

Transformation of the reaction conditions to the synthesis of a tetrahydroquinoline derivative starting from N‐methyl‐N‐phenylcinnamide fails.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium(III) Chloride Mediated Michael Addition of Indoles to Ketene S,S‐Acetals: Synthesis of Bis‐ and Tris‐Indolylketones.
Authors: Singh Thokchom Prasanta , Khan Ruhima , Noh Young Ri , Lee Sang‐Gyeong , Singh Okram Mukherjee
Published: February 2015

The indium chloride mediated Michael addition of indoles (II) to ketene S,S‐acetals (I) or (IV) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Calcium‐Catalyzed Friedel—Crafts Addition of 1‐Methylindole to Activated Cyclopropanes.
Authors: Dulin Callie C. , Murphy Kristen L. , Nolin Kristine A.
Published: February 2015

The corresponding reactions of alkyl substituted cyclopropane analogues of (I) are unsuccessful.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Direct Allylation of Oxindoles with Simple Allylic Alcohols Enabled by Palladium/Broensted Acid Catalysis.
Authors: Yang Huameng , Zhou Hui , Yin Hongyu , Xia Chungu , Jiang Gaoxi
Published: February 2015

Preliminary experiments towards an asymmetric allylation of (Ia) with (II) using chiral mono or diphosphine ligands furnish (IIIa) with up to 17% enantiomeric excess only.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Asymmetric Synthesis of Quaternary Pyrroloindolones Through a Multicatalytic N‐Allylation/Hydroacylation Sequence.
Authors: Lu Hong , Lin Jun‐Bing , Liu Jin‐Yu , Xu Peng‐Fei
Published: February 2015

By application of the presented protocol a large scope of functionalized pyrroloindolones can be obtained with good yields and enantioselectivities and excellent diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Interceptive [4 + 1] Annulation of in situ Generated 1,2‐Diaza‐1,3‐dienes with Diazo Esters: Direct Access to Substituted Mono‐, Bi‐, and Tricyclic 4,5‐Dihydropyrazoles.
Authors: Attanasi Orazio A. , De Crescentini Lucia , Favi Gianfranco , Mantellini Fabio , Mantenuto Serena , Nicolini Simona
Published: February 2015

A Cu(II)‐catalyzed [4 + 1] annulation reaction of α‐halo N‐acyl hydrazones with alkyl diazoacetates is developed to allow the synthesis of trisubstituted pyrazolines.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Domino Synthesis of 2‐Imino‐1H‐imidazol‐5(2H)‐ones and Quinoxalines Involving C—C Bond Cleavage with a 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Unit as a Leaving Group.
Authors: Yang Yan , Ni Fan , Shu Wen‐Ming , Wu An‐Xin
Published: February 2015

The reaction of 1,4‐enediones (I) with 1,3‐diphenylguanidine (II) is accompanied by a 1,2‐rearrangement leading to 2‐imino‐1H‐imidazolones (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Alkaline Earth Catalysis for the 100% Atom‐Efficient Three Component Assembly of Imidazolidin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Arrowsmith Merle , Shepherd William M. S. , Hill Michael S. , Kociok‐Koehn Gabriele
Published: February 2015

from inexpensive alkyne (I) and cumulene educts
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Boc Amines to Oxazolidinones via Pd(II)/Bis‐sulfoxide/Broensted Acid Co‐Catalyzed Allylic C—H Oxidation.
Authors: Osberger Thomas J. , White M. Christina
Published: February 2015

The process leads to formation of oxazolidine structures in moderate yields and good to excellent diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Selected 3‐Bromoisothiazole‐5‐carbonitriles with the Secondary Dialkylamines Pyrrolidine and Morpholine.
Authors: Kalogirou Andreas S. , Koutentis Panayiotis A.
Published: February 2015

The title halides (I) and (IV) are subjected to nucleophilic substitution with cyclic amines (II) and (VI) under conditions A).
ChemInform Abstract: Selectfluor Mediated One Pot Synthesis of Cyclohexanone Ring Fused Isoxazole Derivatives.
Authors: Rajawinslin R. R. , Raihan Mustafa J. , Janreddy Donala , Kavala Veerababurao , Kuo Chun‐Wei , Kuo Ting‐Shen , Chen Mei‐Ling , He Chiu‐Hui , Yao Ching‐Fa
Published: February 2015

The one‐pot, two‐step conversion of isoxazoline‐N‐oxides (I) to title compounds (II) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Conversion of Arenes to N‐Aryl‐1,2,3‐triazoles Using C—H Borylation.
Authors: Srinivasan Rajavel , Coyne Anthony G. , Abell Chris
Published: February 2015

The first regioselective one‐pot protocol for the conversion of arylic C—H bonds into 1,2,3‐triazoles is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Catalyzed Domino Hydroarylation/Cycloisomerization Reactions of ortho‐Alkynylbenzaldehydes: An Entry to Functionalized Isochromene Derivatives.
Authors: Mariaule Gaelle , Newsome Gregory , Toullec Patrick Y. , Belmont Philippe , Michelet Veronique
Published: February 2015

An unprecedented Ag(I)‐catalyzed hydroarylation/cycloisomerization domino process of ortho‐alkynyl benzaldehydes and electron rich arenes is developed to give isochromene derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Terminal Olefins to Chromans, Isochromans, and Pyrans via Allylic C—H Oxidation.
Authors: Ammann Stephen E. , Rice Grant T. , White M. Christina
Published: February 2015

A broad spectrum of starting alcohols can be used for the synthesis of the desired oxygen heterocycles which bear a vinyl function at the ortho‐position (detailed reaction mechanism).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Isocoumarins Through Three‐Component Couplings of Arynes, Terminal Alkynes, and Carbon Dioxide Catalyzed by an NHC‐Copper Complex.
Authors: Yoo Woo‐Jin , Nguyen Thanh V. Q. , Kobayashi Shu
Published: February 2015

The use of aliphatic alkynes such as (Vb) is less suitable and even a change in catalyst does not increase the yield significantly.
ChemInform Abstract: The Au(I) Catalyzed Activation of Allenamides and Their Subsequent Transformation into Chromanes: A Method for the Regiocontrolled Addition to the α‐ and γ‐Positions of the Allene Unit.
Authors: Slater Natasha H. , Brown Natalie J. , Elsegood Mark R. J. , Kimber Marc C.
Published: February 2015

The formal [3 + 3] cycloaddition of phenols with oxazolidinone derived allenamides in the presence of Au(I)‐catalysts is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Regioselective Reaction of Indole with 2H‐Chromenes for the Synthesis of New 4H‐Chromenes in Environmentally Benign Media.
Authors: Chandrasekhara Rao L. , Satish Kumar N. , Jagadeesh Babu N. , Meshram H. M.
Published: February 2015

Mono‐ and disubstituted chromenes with methoxy‐, nitro‐, chloro‐, and bromo‐ groups as well as benzochromene are reacted with indole and N‐methylindole.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetrahydropyridine Derivatives Through a Modular Assembly Reaction Using 3,4‐Dihydropyran as Dual Substrate and Template.
Authors: Sun Shaohuan , Cheng Cheng , Yang Jian , Taheri Amir , Jiang Dan , Zhang Biao , Gu Yanlong
Published: February 2015

Dihydropyrans (I) and (V) react with anilines to form tetrahydropyridine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed Direct Alkenylation of 2‐Methylquinolines with Aldehydes via C(sp3)—H Functionalization in Water.
Authors: Jamal Zaini , Teo Yong‐Chua
Published: February 2015

No products are formed starting from 2‐picoline or 2,6‐lutidine.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver(I) and Copper(I) Cocatalyzed Tandem Reaction of 2‐Alkynylbenzaldoximes with Aldehydes or Alcohols: Approach to 4‐Carboxylated Isoquinolines.
Authors: Wang Xianbo , Yu Xingxin
Published: February 2015

The procedure causes the formation of C—N and C—O bonds in one pot and allows the access to a broad spectrum of the desired target compounds with a view to preparing natural product‐like libraries.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized Pyrido[2,3‐b]indoles by Multicomponent Domino Reactions.
Authors: Hu Jun‐Die , Cao Cheng‐Pao , Lin Wei , Hu Ming‐Hua , Huang Zhi‐Bin , Shi Da‐Qing
Published: February 2015

The synthesis of a large variety of the desired heterocyclic structures becomes possible under microwaves with high regio‐ and chemoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent, Mannich‐Type Assembly Process for Generating Novel, Biologically‐Active 2‐Arylpiperidines and Derivatives.
Authors: Hardy Simon , Martin Stephen F.
Published: February 2015

Novel pyrrolidino‐ and isoxazolidino‐fused 2‐arylpiperidines are prepared utilizing a 4‐component Mannich‐type assembly process followed by [3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyrrolo[3,4‐d]pyridine Derivatives via Aza‐Diels—Alder Reaction: Evaluation of Torsion Effect of Pyrazoylimines.
Authors: Wang Li‐Ya , Uramaru Naoto , Wong Fung Fuh
Published: February 2015

An improved synthesis of title compounds (III) and (V) by modulating N,N‐disubstituted amidinyl moiety to control the suitable torsion conformation of pyrazoylimines as azadienes reactants is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyridazinones Through the Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction of Aldehydes, Hydrazines, and Alkynylesters.
Authors: Mantovani Anderson C. , Goulart Tales A. C. , Back Davi F. , Zeni Gilson
Published: February 2015

The copper‐catalyzed three‐component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, aryl hydrazines, and internal alkynyl ethyl esters gives pyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones generally in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Environmentally Green Synthesis of Biginelli Compounds (IV), Some Fused (VII) and Spiro‐Fused Analogues (IX) and Bis(indolyl)methanes (XII).
Authors: Patra Amarendra , Mahapatra Tanusri
Published: February 2015

using Aliquat®336 as reusable catalyst
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones Using Sodium Bisulfate as a Catalyst under Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Wang Min , Song Ji‐Lei , Zhao Shuang , Wan Xin
Published: February 2015

using a Biginelli‐type three‐component reaction
ChemInform Abstract: Cinchona Alkaloid Squaramide/AgOAc Cooperatively Catalyzed Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Mannich/Cyclization Cascade Reaction of Isocyanoacetates and Cyclic Trifluoromethyl Ketimines.
Authors: Zhao Mei‐Xin , Bi Hong‐Lei , Jiang Rong‐Hui , Xu Xu‐Wei , Shi Min
Published: February 2015

A highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective Mannich cyclization cascade reaction of trifluoromethyl‐substituted cyclic ketimines and α‐aryl isocyanoacetates is developed using a multi‐hydrogen‐bonding squaramide combined with AgOAc as the catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Reactions of o‐Aminonitriles with Carbonyl Compounds Approach to 2,3‐Dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Chai Hongxin , Li Jiarong , Yang Liupan , Liu Mingxing , Yang Deli , Zhang Qi , Shi Daxin
Published: February 2015

A green, efficient and economical method for the synthesis of dihydroquinazolinone derivatives and related N‐analogues is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Tryptanthrin by the Dakin Oxidation of Indole‐3‐carbaldehyde.
Authors: Abe Takumi , Itoh Tomoki , Choshi Tominari , Hibino Satoshi , Ishikura Minoru
Published: February 2015

The alkaloid tryptanthrin (IIa) is further converted into the natural products phaitanthrin A (IXa), phaitanthrin B (IXb), and cruciferane (X).
ChemInform Abstract: The Reactions of 3‐Ethoxycarbonylmethylene‐3,4‐dihydroquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one and Its Derivatives in the Synthesis of Benzodiazepines and Benzimidazoles: Reinvestigation, Structural Reassignment, and New Insight.
Authors: Mamedov Vakhid A. , Murtazina Anna M. , Zhukova Nataliya A. , Beschastnova Tat'yana N. , Rizvanov Il'dar Kh. , Latypov Shamil K.
Published: February 2015

The reactions depicted in the scheme are reinvestigated and the structures of the reaction products (III), (VI), and (VIII) are revised.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expedient “On‐Water” Synthesis of Quinoxalines.
Authors: Samanta Swati , Das Gupta Arpita , Mallik Asok K.
Published: February 2015

by reaction of various 1,2‐diketones with 1,2‐diamines
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Transannulation of N‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles and Epoxides: Regioselective Synthesis of Substituted 3,4‐Dihydro‐2H‐1,4‐oxazines.
Authors: Ma Xueji , Pan Shanfei , Wang Hangxiang , Chen Wanzhi
Published: February 2015

Rh‐catalyzed reaction of 1,2,3‐triazoles with epoxides offers a short pathway to the synthesis of 3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,4‐oxazines (III), (VI), and (VIII) in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Enlargement Reaction of C,N‐Cyclic‐N′‐Acyl Azomethine Imines with Sulfonium Ylide: An Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Benzazepine Derivatives.
Authors: Soeta Takahiro , Ohgai Takahiro , Sakai Takahiro , Fujinami Shuhei , Ukaji Yutaka
Published: February 2015

The reactions proceed smoothly to afford the tricyclic 3‐benzazepine derivatives in good to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Free One‐Pot Synthesis of Fused 1,4‐Thiazepin‐5(4H)‐ones and Theoretical Study of the S—N Type Smiles Rearrangement Process.
Authors: Yang Bingchuan , Tan Xiaochen , Guo Ruiying , Chen Shunwei , Zhang Zeyuan , Chu Xianglong , Xie Caixia , Zhang Dongju , Ma Chen
Published: February 2015

The biologically and medicinally interesting heterocyclic scaffolds are formed in a regioselective manner and generally good to excellent yields under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Accessing 2,1‐Borazaronaphthols: Self‐Arylation of 1‐Alkyl‐2‐aryl‐3‐bromo‐2,1‐borazaronaphthalenes.
Authors: Molander Gary A. , Wisniewski Steven R.
Published: February 2015

The Pd‐catalyzed self‐arylation of 3‐bromo‐2,1‐borazaronaphthalenes (I) and (III) is developed to yield arylated B‐hydroxycompounds (II) and (V) together with the anhydrides (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Addressing the Configuration Stability of Lithiated Secondary Benzylic Carbamates for the Development of a Noncryogenic Stereospecific Boronate Rearrangement.
Authors: Fandrick Keith R. , et al. et al.
Published: February 2015

A new noncryogenic process using LDA instead of BuLi combined with an in situ trapping of the unstable lithiated carbamate is developed for the Aggerwal stereospecific boronate rearrangement of benzylic carbamates.
ChemInform Abstract: Ethylene Transposition: Ruthenium Hydride Catalyzed Intramolecular trans‐Silylvinylation of Internal Alkynes.
Authors: Liu Shasha , Zhao Jinbo , Kaminsky Lauren , Wilson Robert J. , Marino Nadia , Clark Daniel A.
Published: February 2015

The conversion of a wide variety of aryl substituted alkynes provides predominantly 5‐, 6‐, or 7‐membered silylvinylation products.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative C—P Cross‐Coupling of Alkenyl Acids with P(O)H Compounds.
Authors: Wu Yile , Liu Liu , Yan Kaili , Xu Pengxiang , Gao Yuxing , Zhao Yufen
Published: February 2015

Conditions A) are found to be optimal for the preparation of a large variety of phosphorus compounds bearing an (E)‐1‐alkenyl part.
ChemInform Abstract: CuI/Glycerol Mediated Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,2‐Bis‐chalcogen Alkenes from Terminal Alkynes: Synthesis of New Antioxidants.
Authors: Goncalves Loren C. C. , Victoria Francine N. , Lima David B. , Borba Pedro M. Y. , Perin Gelson , Savegnago Lucielli , Lenardao Eder J.
Published: February 2015

The Zn/CuI/glycerol‐reaction system is recovered and reused in five additional cycles with slightly decreasing yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthetic and Structural Study of Arylselenoamides and 2,4‐Diaryl‐1,3‐selenazoles.
Authors: Hua Guoxiong , Du Junyi , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Woollins J. Derek
Published: February 2015

The structures of arylselenoamide (IIe) and selenazoles (IVa‐c,e) and (VIa,b) are studied by X‐ray analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: New Guaiane Sesquiterpenes from Artemisia rupestris and Their Inhibitory Effects on Nitric Oxide Production.
Authors: Hou Jiqin , Dong Huijun , Yan Ming , Zhu Fengyan , Zhang Xiaoqi , Wang Hao , Ye Wencai , Li Ping
Published: February 2015

Three new guaiane sesquiterpenes (I)‐(III) are isolated together with 12 known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Diterpenoids from Thuja orientalis and Their Cytotoxicity.
Authors: Kim Chung Sub , Suh Won Se , Choi Sang Un , Kim Ki Hyun , Lee Kang Ro
Published: February 2015

The two new diterpenoids (Ia) and (Ib) are isolated from the leaves of Thuja orientalis together with 7 known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: A Lanostane Triterpenoid and Three Cholestane Sterols from Tilia kiusiana
Authors: Shimada Marie , Ozawa Masaaki , Iwamoto Kojiro , Fukuyama Yoshiyasu , Kishida Akio , Ohsaki Ayumi
Published: February 2015

isolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxicity of a new lanostane triterpenoid, kiusianin A (I), three new cholestane sterols, kiusianins B (II), C (IIIa), and D (IIIb), and 14 known compounds
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of Steroidal D‐Ring Fused Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines.
Authors: Shekarrao Kommuri , Kaishap Partha Pratim , Gogoi Shyamalee , Gogoi Sanjib , Boruah Romesh C.
Published: February 2015

Nine differently substituted pyrazoloamines are coupled to (I) and a derivative thereof.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Heterocyclic Amino Acids via the Alkylation of the Ni(II) Complex of Glycine and Alkyl Halides.
Authors: Chen Hui , Wang Jiang , Zhou Shengbin , Liu Hong
Published: February 2015

Optimized conditions including the molar ratio of the reactants are applied to the synthesis of title compounds such as (V) and (IX), synthons of natural products and pharmaceutical drugs.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Decarboxylative Acylation of N‐, O‐, S‐Nucleophiles and Peptides with 2,2‐Disubstituted Malonic Acids.
Authors: Lebedyeva Iryna O. , Biswas Suvendu , Goncalves Kevin , Sileno Sean M. , Jackson Ashton R. , Patel Kunal , Steel Peter J. , Katritzky Alan R.
Published: February 2015

Carbonyl benzotriazoles, generated from 2,2‐disubstituted malonic acids and benzotriazole, readily acylate nucleophilic reagents and peptides furnishing libraries of conjugates and peptidomimetics.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New β‐Hydroxy Amino Acid‐Coupled Secoiridoids from the Flower Buds of Lonicera japonica: Isolation, Structure Elucidation, Semisynthesis, and Biological Activities.
Authors: Song Wei‐Xia , Yang Yong‐Chun , Shi Jian‐Gong
Published: February 2015

Two new β‐hydroxy amino acid‐coupled secoiridoids, serinosecologanin (Ia) and threoninosecologanin (Ib), are isolated which exhibit resistant activity against β‐glucosidase from almonds and hesperidinase from Aspergillus niger.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Syntheses of the Methyl Glycosides of 2‐Deoxy‐2‐aminohexoses: D‐Allosamine, D‐Mannosamine, D‐Idosamine and D‐Talosamine.
Authors: Davies Stephen G. , Fletcher Ai M. , Foster Emma M. , Lee James A. , Roberts Paul M. , Thomson James E. , Waul Michael A.
Published: February 2015

As is demonstrated for the D‐allosamine presursor (VI), the approach to the title compounds includes the auxiliary (II) and the oxidant CSO in the stereodefining key step.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Total Synthesis: The First Total Synthesis of Chiral Alkaloid Pimprinol A (III) and the Facile Construction of Its Natural Congeners from Amino Acids.
Authors: Xiang Jiachen , Wang Jungang , Wang Miao , Meng Xianggao , Wu Anxin
Published: February 2015

In the reaction process, α‐keto aldehydes, generated by iodination/Kornblum oxidation from (I), are trapped in situ by amino acids (II) and (IV) to approach the target compounds (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Tetrahydrolipstatin and Stereoisomers via a Highly Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Carbonylation of Epoxyhomoallylic Alcohols.
Authors: Mulzer Michael , Tiegs Brandon J. , Wang Yanping , Coates Geoffrey W. , O'Doherty George A.
Published: February 2015

Compound (I) and seven stereoisomers thereof are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Diamond Nanowires: Fabrication, Structure, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Yu Yuan , Wu Liangzhuan , Zhi Jinfang
Published: February 2015

Review: 201 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure, Magnetic Properties and Advances in Hexaferrites: A Brief Review
Authors: Jotania Rajshree
Published: February 2015

Review: 22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Porous Materials from Titanium Powders: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Savich V. V.
Published: February 2015

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Calixarenes as Macrocyclic Ligands for Uranium(VI): A Review
Authors: Kiegiel Katarzyna , Steczek Lukasz , Zakrzewska‐Trznadel Grazyna
Published: February 2015

Review: 79 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyridine Coordination Chemistry for Molecular Assemblies on Surfaces
Authors: de Ruiter Graham , Lahav Michal , van der Boom Milko E.
Published: February 2015

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Condensation versus Hydroamination for the Direct, Catalytic Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Propargylamines
Authors: Nelson Keegan G. , Larsen Catharine H.
Published: February 2015

Review: [24 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Applications of Palladacycles as Transition‐Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Mo Dong‐Liang , Zhang Ting‐Ke , Ge Guang‐Cun , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Ding Chang‐Hua , Dai Li‐Xin , Hou Xue‐Long
Published: February 2015

Review: [39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Generation of Indene Derivatives by Tandem Reactions
Authors: Qiu Guanyinsheng , Wu Jie
Published: February 2015

Review: [33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enamine/Enolate‐Mediated Organocatalytic Azide‐Carbonyl [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions for the Synthesis of Densely Functionalized 1,2,3‐Triazoles
Authors: Ramasastry Sripada S. V.
Published: February 2015

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Nazarov Cyclization: A Valuable Method to Synthesize Fully Substituted Carbon Stereocenters
Authors: Wenz Donald R. , Read de Alaniz Javier
Published: February 2015

Review: [three general approaches to the formation of fully substituted quaternary carbon stereocenters by means of the Nazarov cyclization; 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed α‐Arylation Reactions in Total Synthesis
Authors: Sivanandan Sudheesh T. , Shaji Ashna , Ibnusaud Ibrahim , Seechurn Carin C. C. Johansson , Colacot Thomas J.
Published: February 2015

Review: [recent applications of α‐arylation in total syntheses both of natural products and of active pharmaceutical ingredients; 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Glycol Cleavage in Natural Product Synthesis: Reagent Classics and Recent Advances
Authors: Schmidt Andrea‐Katharina C. , Stark Christian B. W.
Published: February 2015

Review: [141 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Combining Experimental and Computational Studies to Understand and Predict Reactivities of Relevance to Homogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Tsang Althea S.‐K. , Sanhueza Italo A. , Schoenebeck Franziska
Published: February 2015

Review: [39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfer in Organic Synthesis: Novel Homolytic Bond Activations and Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions with Free Radicals
Authors: Yayla Hatice G. , Knowles Robert R.
Published: February 2015

Review: [28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Design of Molecular Transformations Based on the Concerted Function of Two Zinc Atoms in Bis(iodozincio)methane
Authors: Sada Mutsumi , Uchiyama Masanobu , Matsubara Seijiro
Published: February 2015

Review: [34 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Overview of Structure, Properties and Derivatives of Boronic Acid
Authors: Pareek Aastha , Rani Priyanka , Kumar Navneet , Sharma Pratima , Kishore D.
Published: February 2015

Review: 30 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Metal‐catalyzed Cross‐coupling Reactions of Halogenated Quinazolinones and Their Quinazoline Derivatives
Authors: Mphahlele Malose Jack , Maluleka Marole Maria
Published: February 2015

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Applications of Click Reaction in the Syntheses of 1,2,3‐Triazoles
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Hamidi Hoda , Zadsirjan Vahideh
Published: February 2015

Review: data form 2010 to 2013; 134 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ethyl Coumarin‐3‐carboxylate: Synthesis and Chemical Properties
Authors: Abdel‐Wahab Bakr F. , Mohamed Hanan A. , Farhat Abdelbasset A.
Published: February 2015

Review: 96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Griseofulvin
Authors: Petersen Asger B. , Roennest Mads H. , Larsen Thomas O. , Clausen Mads H.
Published: February 2015

Review: 160 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Natural Compounds Containing a Condensed Cyclopropane Ring. Natural and Synthetic Aspects
Authors: Keglevich Peter , Keglevich Andras , Hazai Laszlo , Kalaus Gyorgy , Szantay Csaba
Published: February 2015

Review: 40 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Quaternary Carbon Stereocentres
Authors: Quasdorf Kyle W. , Overman Larry E.
Published: February 2015

Review: 98 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrocarboxylation: Towards Sustainable and Efficient Synthesis of Valuable Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Matthessen Roman , Fransaer Jan , Binnemans Koen , De Vos Dirk E.
Published: February 2015

Review: 153 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Absolute Asymmetric Synthesis in Enantioselective Autocatalytic Reaction Networks: Theoretical Games, Speculations on Chemical Evolution and Perhaps a Synthetic Option
Authors: Ribo Josep M. , Blanco Celia , Crusats Joaquim , El‐Hachemi Zoubir , Hochberg David , Moyano Albert
Published: February 2015

Review: [73 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Interactions Between Ionic Liquids and Radicals
Authors: Strehmel Veronika , Berdzinski Stefan , Rexhausen Hans
Published: February 2015

Review: 102 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Isotope Chemistry; a Useful Tool in the Drug Discovery Arsenal
Authors: Elmore Charles S. , Bragg Ryan A.
Published: February 2015

Review: 27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Complexes as Potential Modulators of Inflammatory and Autoimmune Responses
Authors: Leung Chung‐Hang , Lin Sheng , Zhong Hai‐Jing , Ma Dik‐Lung
Published: February 2015

Review: 116 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Surface and Interface Engineering of Electrode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Kai‐Xue , Li Xin‐Hao , Chen Jie‐Sheng
Published: February 2015

Review: 281 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Introductory Lecture: Mechanochemistry, a Versatile Synthesis Strategy for New Materials
Authors: Jones William , Eddleston Mark D.
Published: February 2015

Review: 161 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐free Graphene‐based Catalyst‐Insight into the Catalytic Activity: A Short Review
Authors: Hu Huawen , Xin John H. , Hu Hong , Wang Xiaowen , Kong Yeeyee
Published: February 2015

Review: 98 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Predicting Crystal Structures and Properties of Matter under Extreme Conditions via Quantum Mechanics: The Pressure is on
Authors: Zurek Eva , Grochala Wojciech
Published: February 2015

Review: 209 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploring New Methods and Materials for Enantioselective Separations and Catalysis
Authors: Dubbeldam David , Calero Sofia , Vlugt Thijs J. H.
Published: February 2015

Review: ecent computational work on enantioselective adsorption and catalysis in zeolies and metal‐organic frameworks; 125 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Modelling Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives
Authors: Rapacioli Mathias
Published: February 2015

Review: 208 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Assessment of Regio‐ and Stereochemistry of Natural Products Using Mass Spectrometry Chlorogenic Acids and Derivatives as a Case Study
Authors: Kuhnert Nikolai , Said Inamullah Hakeem , Jaiswal Rakesh
Published: February 2015

Review: 39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR Studies of Crown Ether‐Cyclodextrin Complexes
Authors: Gierczyk Blazej
Published: February 2015

Review: 37 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitreno Radicals
Authors: Grote Dirk , Sander Wolfram
Published: February 2015

Review: results from Matrix‐EPR spectroscopy; 52 refs.
Carboxylesterase 1 c.428G>A single nucleotide variation increases the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel by reducing its hydrolysis in humans
Authors: Tarkiainen EK , Holmberg MT , Tornio A , Neuvonen M , Neuvonen PJ , Backman JT , Niemi M
Published: February 2015

Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) hydrolyzes the prodrug clopidogrel to an inactive carboxylic acid metabolite. We studied the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 600 mg oral clopidogrel in healthy white volunteers, including 10 carriers and 12 noncarriers of CES1 c.428G>A (p.Gly143Glu, rs71647871) single nucleotide variation (SNV). Clopidogrel carboxylic acid to clopidogrel area under the plasma concentration‐time curve from 0 hours to infinity (AUC0–∞) ratio was 53% less in CES1 c.428G>A carriers than in noncarriers (P = 0.009), indicating impaired hydrolysis of clopidogrel. Consequently, the AUC0–∞ of clopidogrel and its active metabolite were 123% (P = 0.004) and 67% (P = 0.009) larger in the c.428G>A carriers than in noncarriers. Consistent with these findings, the average inhibition of P2Y12‐mediated platelet aggregation 0–12 hours after clopidogrel intake was 19 percentage points higher in the c.428G>A carriers than in noncarriers (P = 0.036). In conclusion, the CES1 c.428G>A SNV increases clopidogrel active metabolite concentrations and antiplatelet effects by reducing clopidogrel hydrolysis to inactive metabolites.
Reversal of opioid‐induced respiratory depression by BK‐channel blocker GAL021: A pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic modeling study in healthy volunteers
Authors: Roozekrans M , Olofsen E , van der Schrier R , van Gerven J , Peng S , McLeod J , Dahan A
Published: February 2015

Opioid‐induced respiratory depression (OIRD) is a serious and potentially life‐threatening complication of opioid overdose, abuse, and misuse. An option to avert OIRD is to treat patients on strong opioids with respiratory stimulants that do not interact with the opioid system and consequently do not compromise opioid analgesic efficacy. The BK‐channel blocker GAL021 is a respiratory stimulant acting at K+‐channels expressed on type 1 carotid body cells. The authors performed a population pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic (PKPD) analysis on the ability of GAL021 to reverse alfentanil‐induced respiratory depression in 12 male volunteers using an isohypercapnic experimental design. The analysis showed that (1) GAL021 interacts in a multiplicative fashion with alfentanil and GAL021, which predicts that GAL021 efficacy is reduced at low ventilation levels; (2) GAL021 has a rapid onset/offset with a blood‐effect site equilibration half‐life not different from zero; and (3) GAL021 displays ceiling in its efficacy to reverse OIRD.
An unusual large abdominal malakoplakia following trauma: Diagnosed on FNAC
Authors: Goyal Surbhi , Parihar Asmita , Puri Vandana , Sharma Naveen , Goyal Ankur , Arora Vinod Kumar
Published: February 2015

Malakoplakia is a rare chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease, related to immune deficiency and impaired bactericidal macrophage activity. Common sites of involvement include urinary bladder and kidney followed by gastrointestinal tract. We present an unusual case of abdominal malakoplakia diagnosed preoperatively on ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). It presented as a large locally aggressive mass with extensive involvement of multiple bowel loops in an 18‐year‐old boy following blunt trauma to the abdomen. The demonstration of calcified laminated intracytoplasmic Michaelis–Gutman bodies in histiocytes is a reliable diagnostic feature of malakoplakia on FNAC smears, which can guide an appropriate medical management. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:490–494. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interactive Segmentation of Color Images Based on Color Saliency
Authors: GION DAIKI , TAKIMOTO HIRONORI , KISHIHARA MITSUYOSHI , OKUBO KENSUKE
Published: February 2015

Efficient interactive foreground extraction from color images is of great practical importance in computer vision. In recent years, an approach based on optimization using graph‐cuts has been widely used. However, an interactive foreground extraction approach, which is intuitive and efficient for users, is required for practical applications. In this paper, we propose a novel interactive foreground extraction method based on color saliency. In our method, the user provides only some foreground pixels as the initial reference. To achieve extraction of multiple target objects, the likelihoods of the foreground and background are defined by a Gaussian mixture model and a color saliency map based on the provided reference pixels. These likelihoods are added to the cost of the proposed graph. Finally, image segmentation is performed by optimizing the proposed graph using the graph‐cut algorithm.
Self‐Sustaining Vibration Sensors Using Multiple Cantilever‐Type Piezoelectric Bimorphs with Different Resonant Frequencies
Authors: LI ZHENGHAO , HAMASHIMA MIO , MURO HIDEO
Published: February 2015

In order to realize a vibration sensor, which can operate without power supply, an optimization of the sensor configuration was studied using commercial piezoelectric bimorphs. The dependences of the energy conversion efficiency on the weight of metal mass attached to the tip of the piezoelectric bimorph and peripheral circuit components were investigated. Vibration sensors using several piezoelectric bimorphs with different weights were designed, fabricated, and tested.
Printed Thermoelectric Devices Using Vanadate Glass Composite Materials
Authors: Takano Hideaki , Takubo Chisaki , Asai Kengo , Sawai Yuichi , Fujieda Tadashi , Naito Takashi , Kurata Hideaki , Goto Yasushi
Published: February 2015

Thermoelectric (TE) devices have emerged as one of the most promising new technologies for use as sensor module energy harvesters and as waste‐heat recovery systems. Low‐cost and large‐area printed TE devices are suitable because heat sources are widely distributed throughout the environment. In addition, high reliability is also required of the TE materials because the devices are operated in high‐temperature environments over long periods of time. In this study, we developed glass matrix TE composite materials that have a higher softening temperature than organic materials. Using low melting point vanadate glasses as the matrix materials, we fabricated n‐type Bi2Te3‐vanadate glass and p‐type Bi0.3Sb1.7Te3‐vanadate glass composites. The figure of merit (ZT) of both materials was approximately 0.2 at temperatures between 25 °C and 300 °C. We also fabricated a pair of thermocouple devices using these vanadate glass composites with simple printing process, and an output voltage of 5 mV was obtained when the thermocouple pair was placed on a hot plate heated to 90 °C.