bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indices of body composition and chronic morbidity: A cross‐sectional study of a rural population in central Russia
Authors: Kalichman Leonid , Livshits Gregory , Kobyliansky Eugene
Published: April 2006

Our objective was to clarify how different groups of chronic morbidities are associated with indices of body composition, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), skinfold index (SF), and fat‐free mass index (FFMI). Our sample comprised Chuvasha residing in numerous villages in a rural area of the Russian Federation. The investigated cohort included 787 males aged 18–89 years, and 716 females aged 18–90 years. We performed a cross‐sectional, community‐based study of a large sample of individuals not receiving any medications for treatment or prevention of chronic morbidities. To elucidate the association between morbidity and age‐adjusted anthropometrical indices, we used one‐way analysis of variance, wherein the above indices were the dependent variables, while individuals affected vs. nonaffected for a specific disease were the grouping variables. Individuals with ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and peptic ulcer showed significant differences in their BMI, WC, WHR, and SF. In the first diseases, mean values of anthropometric indices were higher in affected individuals, whereas in the peptic ulcer group, mean values were higher in the nonaffected. Skin diseases and gynecological diseases showed significant differences in WHR. Mean values in affected individuals were lower than in the nonaffected. The group afflicted with local forms of arthritis showed significant differences in FFMI, suggesting that arthritis is not linked to obesity, but is linked to high lean mass. Rheumatic diseases positively correlated with WC and FFMI. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 18:350–358, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Growth rates and life histories in twenty‐two small‐scale societies
Authors: Walker Robert , Gurven Michael , Hill Kim , Migliano Andrea , Chagnon Napoleon , De Souza Roberta , Djurovic Gradimir , Hames Raymond , Hurtado A. Magdalena , Kaplan Hillard , Kramer Karen , Oliver William J. , Valeggia Claudia , Yamauchi Taro
Published: April 2006

This study investigates variation in body growth (cross‐sectional height and weight velocity) among a sample of 22 small‐scale societies. Considerable variation in growth exists among hunter‐gatherers that overlaps heavily with growth trajectories present in groups focusing more on horticulture. Intergroup variation tends to track environmental conditions, with societies under more favorable conditions displaying faster growth and earlier puberty. In addition, faster/earlier development in females is correlated with higher mortality. For example, African “Pygmies,” Philippine “Negritos,” and the Hiwi of Venezuela are characterized by relatively fast child‐juvenile growth for their adult body size (used as a proxy for energetic availability). In these societies, subadult survival is low, and puberty, menarche, and first reproduction are relatively early (given their adult body size), suggesting selective pressure for accelerated development in the face of higher mortality. In sum, the origin and maintenance of different human ontogenies may require explanations invoking both environmental constraints and selective pressures. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 18:295–311, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mental health and related disability among workers: A population‐based study
Authors: Wang JianLi , Adair Carol E. , Patten Scott B.
Published: April 2006

Background

In past decades, the nature of work has undergone significant changes including increased psychological demands and job instability. A stressful psychosocial work environment has been shown to have adverse effects on workers' mental and physical health. This goal of this study is to estimate the prevalence of psychiatric syndromes and related disability in a population‐based sample of employed adults and investigate associations between psychiatric syndromes and related disability.

Methods

A random‐digit dial provincial wide mental health survey was conducted in Alberta, Canada (n = 5,383). The telephone interview included the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the World Health Organization's Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO‐DAS‐II). In this analysis, participants who were currently employed were included (n = 4,149).

Results

In this population, 6.2% had had at least one MINI‐defined psychiatric diagnosis with clinically significant interference. Without consideration of the clinical interference criterion, the prevalence of psychiatric syndromes was higher (33.5%). Psychiatric syndromes were strongly associated with disability. A dose‐response relationship between the number of diagnoses and disability was found.

Conclusions

Interventional strategies in the workplace should focus on mental disorders at both the clinical and sub‐clinical levels. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:514–522, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complementary patterns of gene expression by human oligodendrocyte progenitors and their environment predict determinants of progenitor maintenance and differentiation
Authors: Sim Fraser J. , Lang Jennifer K. , Waldau Ben , Roy Neeta S. , Schwartz Theodore E. , Pilcher Webster H. , Chandross Karen J. , Natesan Sridaran , Merrill Jean E. , Goldmanm Steven A.
Published: April 2006

Objective

Glial progenitor cells are abundant in adult human white matter. This study was designed to identify signaling pathways regulating their self‐renewal and fate.

Methods

We compared the transcriptional profiles of freshly sorted adult human white matter progenitor cells (WMPCs), purified by A2B5‐based immunomagnetic sorting, with those of the white matter from which they derived.

Results

We identified 132 genes differentially expressed by WMPCs; these included principal components of five receptor‐defined signaling pathways, represented by platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) and type 3 fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR3), receptor tyrosine phosphatase‐β/ζ (RTPZ), notch, and syndecan3. WMPCs also differentially expressed the bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) inhibitors neuralin and BAMBI (BMP and activin membrane‐bound inhibitor), suggesting tonic defense against BMP signaling. Differential overexpression of RTPZ was accompanied by that of its modulators pleiotrophin, NrCAM, tenascin, and the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, suggesting the importance of RTPZ signaling to WMPCs. When exposed to the RTPZ inhibitor bpV(phen), or lentiviral‐shRNAi against RTPZ, WMPCs differentiated as oligodendrocytes. Conversely, when neuralin and BAMBI were antagonized by BMP4, astrocytic differentiation was induced, which was reversible by noggin.

Interpretation

The RTPZ and BMP pathways regulate the self‐maintenance of adult human WMPCs, and can be modulated to induce their oligodendrocytic or astrocytic differentiation. As such, they provide targets by which to productively mobilize resident progenitor cells of the adult human brain. Ann Neurol 2006;59:763–779
Sensory neuropathy in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients: Protease inhibitor–mediated neurotoxicity
Authors: Pettersen Jacqueline A. , Jones Gareth , Worthington Catherine , Krentz Hartmut B. , Keppler Oliver T. , Hoke Ahmet , Gill M. John , Power Christopher
Published: April 2006

Objective

Human immunodeficiency virus–associated sensory neuropathy (HIV‐SN) is a common and disabling disorder, often associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) use. We investigated the clinical features and associated pathogenic determinants of HIV‐SN in a neurological cohort of HIV‐infected patients, together with a novel model of HIV‐SN.

Methods

HIV‐infected patients with neurological disease were investigated in terms of clinical and laboratory aspects together with ART exposure focusing on symptomatic HIV‐SN. Rat‐derived dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cultures, transgenic for human CD4 and CCR5 treated with ARTs or HIV infected, or both, were studied with respect to quantitative neuronal injury.

Results

Among 221 patients assessed from 1998 to 2004, 120 had no sensory neuropathy, whereas 101 displayed HIV‐SN, including 64 with distal sensory neuropathy and 37 with antiretroviral toxic neuropathy. HIV‐SN patients exhibited significantly greater mean age, peak plasma viral loads, and exposure to neurotoxic dideoxynucleosides and protease inhibitors, including indinavir, saquinavir, or ritonavir. HIV‐infected DRG cultures exposed to indinavir or didanosine showed significant neuronal atrophy, neurite retraction, and process loss, compared with controls. Indinavir was selectively cytotoxic to DRG macrophages compared with other ARTs.

Interpretation

Protease inhibitor exposure is an unrecognized risk factor for the development of HIV‐SN, which may potentiate neuronal damage in HIV‐infected DRGs, possibly through the loss of macrophage‐derived trophic factors. Ann Neurol 2006;59:816–824
Early‐onset familial parkinsonism due to POLG mutations
Authors: Davidzon Guido , Greene Paul , Mancuso Michelangelo , Klos Kevin J. , Ahlskog J. Eric , Hirano Michio , DiMauro Salvatore
Published: April 2006

Objective

To define the molecular etiology of early‐onset parkinsonism and peripheral neuropathy.

Methods

Two sisters had early‐onset parkinsonism (dystonic toe curling, action tremor, masked face, bradykinesia, stooped posture, and rigidity), together with clinical and electrophysiological signs of sensorimotor axonal peripheral neuropathy.

Results

No mutations were found in the genes for parkin or PINK1. Muscle biopsies showed ragged‐red and cytochrome c oxidase–negative fibers, and biochemistry showed decreased activities of respiratory chain complexes containing mitochondrial DNA–encoded subunits. Multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions were seen by long polymerase chain reaction, and sequencing of the POLG gene showed that the patients were compound heterozygous for two patogenic mutations.

Interpretation

POLG mutations can cause early‐onset parkinsonism in the absence of progressive external ophthalmoplegia. Ann Neurol 2006;59:859–862
Complex segregation analysis of Parkinson's disease: The Mayo Clinic Family Study
Authors: McDonnell Shannon K. , Schaid Daniel J. , Elbaz Alexis , Strain Kari J. , Bower James H. , Ahlskog J. Eric , Maraganore Demetrius M. , Rocca Walter A.
Published: April 2006

Objective

To conduct complex segregation analyses of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods

Data on the familial aggregation of PD remain conflicting. We conducted a historical cohort study of 1,234 relatives of 162 patients with PD representative of people of Olmsted County, MN, and of 3,009 relatives of 411 patients with PD referred to the Mayo Clinic. Relatives were interviewed and screened for parkinsonism either directly or through a proxy, those who screened positive were examined, or a copy of their medical record was obtained to confirm the diagnosis. For subjects who resided in Olmsted County, additional information was obtained from the archives of the Olmsted County Historical Society and from a records‐linkage system.

Results

Thirty‐two relatives of population‐based probands and 69 relatives of referral patients developed PD (101 in total). Combining population‐based and referral samples, the model that best explained the familial clustering of PD overall was a major gene with additive effect on the penetrance. This model predicted an average decrease in age at onset of PD of approximately 18 years for each copy of the putative high‐risk allele. The best fitting model for younger onset PD (age ≤ 59 years) was an autosomal recessive model. The best fitting models for older onset PD (age > 59 years) were a recessive or an additive model.

Interpretation

The familial aggregation of PD may be explained in part by a major gene with additive effect on the penetrance. Ann Neurol 2006;59:788–795
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of neural repair after stroke: Making waves
Authors: Carmichael S. Thomas
Published: April 2006

Stroke is associated with a limited degree of functional recovery. Imaging studies in humans have shown that reorganization in periinfarct and connected cortical areas most closely correlates with functional recovery after stroke. On a cellular level, two major regenerative events occur in periinfarct cortex: axons sprout new connections and establish novel projection patterns, and newly born immature neurons migrate into periinfarct cortex. Stroke induces a unique microenvironment for axonal sprouting in periinfarct cortex, in which growth‐inhibitory molecules are reduced for 1 month after the infarct. During this period, neurons activate growth‐promoting genes in successive waves. Neurogenesis also occurs through waves of migration of immature neurons from their origin in the subventricular zone into periinfarct cortex. This migration is mediated, in part, by the cytokine erythropoietin. These data indicate that the cellular environment after stroke is far from one of just death and destruction, but rather involves a longer evolving process of neuronal regeneration. Poststroke neuronal regeneration is characterized by waves of specific cellular and molecular events. Manipulating these waves of regeneration may provide for novel therapies that will improve recovery after stroke. Ann Neurol 2006;59:735–742
Ab initio Calculations of Curie Temperatures in GdM Compounds
Authors: Rusz Jan , Turek Ilja , Divis Martin
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thermal and Electrical Properties of Ba2In2O5 Substituted for In‐Site by Rare Earth Elements.
Authors: Ta Tuan Q. , Tsuji Toshihide , Yamamura Yasuhisa
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Preparation and Crystal Structure Analysis and Physical Properties of (LaO)CuTe.
Authors: Ohki Y. , Takase K. , Takahashi Y. , Takano Y. , Sekizawa K.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pressure‐Induced Valence Change in the Rare Earth Metals: The Case of Praseodymium.
Authors: Tateiwa N. , Nakagawa A. , Fujio K. , Kawae T. , Takeda K.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
EPR Spectra Analysis of Photo‐Magnetic Properties of EuO Nanocrystals.
Authors: Hasegawa Yasuchika , Wada Yuji , Yanagida Shozo
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Phase Equilibria in the Partial System CePO4—K4P2O7 —KPO3.
Authors: Szczygiel Irena
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Organically Templated Zincophosphites: [Zn(C4N3H13)] [Zn4(HPO3)6] ×(C4N3H15) and [Zn5(H2O)4(HPO3)6] ×(C7NH10)2(H2O).
Authors: Zhang Dong , Yue Huijuan , Shi Zhan , Guo Min , Feng Shouhua
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Studies of Lanthanide Oxide Nitrates LnONO3 (Ln: Pr, Nd, and Sm—Yb).
Authors: Dill Simone , Meyer Hans‐Juergen
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantiomerically Pure Rhodium Complexes Bearing 1,5‐Diphenyl‐1,5‐cyclooctadiene as a Chiral Diene Ligand. Their Use as Catalysts for Asymmetric 1,4‐Addition of Phenylzinc Chloride.
Authors: Kina Asato , Ueyama Kazuhito , Hayashi Tamio
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed Addition of Allylsilane to o‐Quinonediimides: Formal Diels—Alder Reaction versus Allylation.
Authors: Nair Vijay , Dhanya R. , Vidya N. , Devipriya S.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cyanoacetic Acid Hydrazones of 3‐(and4‐)Acetylpyridine and Some Derived Ring Systems as Potential Antitumor and anti‐HIV Agents.
Authors: El‐Hawash Soad A. M. , Abdel Wahab Abeer E. , El‐Demellawy Maha A.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reactions of 5‐Arylidene‐2‐thiohydantoins with Halogenated Compounds and Anthranilic Acid.
Authors: El‐Din Asmaa A. Magd , Elsharabasy Salwa A. , Hassan Aisha Y.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Green Approach for Efficient α‐Halogenation of β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds and Cyclic Ketones Using N‐Halosuccinimides in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Meshram H. M. , Reddy P. N. , Vishnu P. , Sadashiv K. , Yadav J. S.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Novel and Green Protocol for Two‐Carbon Homologation: A Direct Amino Acid/K2CO3‐Catalyzed Four‐Component Reaction of Aldehydes, Active Methylenes, Hantzsch Esters and Alkyl Halides.
Authors: Ramachary Dhevalapally B. , Kishor M. , Ramakumar K.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Deprotection of Tetrahydropyranyl Ethers by Silica Sulfuric Acid.
Authors: Hajipour Abdol , Zarei Amin , Khazdooz Leila , Pourmousavi Seied A. , Zahmatkesh Saeed , Ruoho Arnold E.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Aliphatic Thioacetate Deprotection Using Catalytic Tetrabutylammonium Cyanide.
Authors: Holmes Brian T. , Snow Arthur W.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Soluble Lanthanoid Salts (LnCl3×2LiCl) for the Improved Addition of Organomagnesium Reagents to Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Krasovskiy Arkady , Kopp Felix , Knochel Paul
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Effect of Coordination on the Reaction of N‐Tosyl Imines with Diethylzinc.
Authors: Gao Feifeng , Deng Minzhi , Qian Changtao
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Bis(trimethylsilyl)chromate: An Efficient Reagent for Cleavage of Phenylhydrazones.
Authors: Khaleghi Shahnaz , Heravi Majid M. , Drikvand Fatemeh
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Birch Reduction—Dialkylation Reaction. Scope and Limitations.
Authors: Castanedo Ricardo , Covarrubias‐Zuniga Adrian , Maldonado Luis A.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Phenolic P2/P3 Core Motif as Thrombin Inhibitors — Design, Synthesis, and X‐Ray Co‐Crystal Structure.
Authors: Hanessian Stephen , Therrien Eric , van Otterlo Willem A. L. , Bayrakdarian Malken , Nilsson Ingemar , Fjellstroem Ola , Xue Yafeng
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Cycloaddition Reactions of 2‐Ethoxy‐3‐phenylvinylketene Iron(0) with Alkynes to Yield Catechol Derivatives.
Authors: Darbasie Nicholas D. , Schnatter Wayne F. K. , Warner Kirstin F. , Manolache Nicolae
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Expedient Approach to Allenes and Polycyclic Structures Using Propargyl Radicals.
Authors: Alameda‐Angulo Celia , Quiclet‐Sire Beatrice , Zard Samir Z.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Aryl Iodide Mediated Aziridination of Alkenes.
Authors: Li Jiayin , Chan Philip Wai Hong , Che Chi‐Ming
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Approach for the Rapid and Efficient Synthesis of Heterocyclic Schiff Bases (III) and Azetidinones (V) under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Naik Bhanvesh , Desai K. R.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 2‐(3′,5′‐Dichlorobenzo[b]thiophen‐2′‐yl)‐5‐aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles and 2‐Arylsulfonylhydrazinocarbonyl‐3,5‐dichlorobenzo[b]thiophenes.
Authors: Thaker Kalpesh , Chovatia P. T. , Vyas Dipen , Joshi H. S.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New and High‐Yielding Synthesis of Unstable Pyrroles via a Modified Clauson—Kaas Reaction.
Authors: Gourlay Brendon S. , Molesworth Peter P. , Ryan John H. , Smith Jason A.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 1‐Substituted 3,5‐Diaryl‐2‐pyrazolines by the Reaction of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones with Hydrazines.
Authors: Levai Albert , Jeko Jozsef
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Convenient and Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 3‐Acylisoxazoles Using Iron(III) Salts.
Authors: Itoh Ken‐ichi , Sakamaki Hiroshi , Nakazato Noriko , Horiuchi Atsuo , Horn Ernst , Horiuchi C. Akira
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Condensation Reactions of Various Nucleophiles with 3‐Formylchromone (I)
Authors: Halnor V. B. , Dalvi N. R. , Joshi N. S. , Gill C. H. , Karale B. K.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electrophilic Substitution Reactions on 3‐Bromoacetylcoumarins.
Authors: Anklekar K. Y. , Kusanur R. A. , Kulkarni M. V.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 5‐Phenyl‐1‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives of Potential Antiinflammatory Activity.
Authors: Rabea Safwat M. , El‐Koussi Nawal A. , Hassan Hoda Y. , Aboul‐Fadl Tarek
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Reactions, and Antiviral Activity of 5′‐Acetyl‐6′‐methyl‐2′‐thioxo‐1′,2′‐dihydro‐3,4′‐bipyridine‐3′‐carbonitr ile.
Authors: Attaby Fawzy A. , Ali M. A. , Elghandour A. H. H. , Ibrahem Yasser M.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient, High Yielding Protocol for the Synthesis of Functionalized Quinolines via the Tandem Addition/Annulation Reaction of o‐Aminoaryl Ketones with α‐Methylene Ketones.
Authors: Bose D. Subhas , Kumar Racherla Kishore
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Convenient Synthesis of N‐Substituted 1‐Alkyl and 1‐Aryl‐3‐aminoisoquinolines.
Authors: Canepa Alicia S. , Bravo Rodolfo D.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Assisted 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition. Synthesis of Substituted 9‐(1,2,3‐Triazol‐1‐yl)acridines.
Authors: Veverkova E. , Toma S.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pyrazolo‐Fused Quinoline Analogues: Synthesis of 1H‐Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinolines and 3‐Amino‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinolines from 3‐Formyl and 3‐Cyano‐2‐chloroquinolines.
Authors: Srivastava Ambika , Singh Mrityunjay K. , Singh R. M.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pyridazine Derivatives and Related Compounds. Part 21. Synthesis of Different Heterocycles from 2‐Methyl‐4H‐pyridazino[4′,3′:4,5]thieno[3,2‐d]‐1,3‐oxazin‐4‐one.
Authors: Deep Ali , El‐Abbasy Mohamed
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselective Synthesis of Novel Spiroheterocyclic Framework via the 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition.
Authors: Hu Xiaofen , Feng Yaqing , Zhou Weiyi , Qiao Kangjian
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Efficient Approach for the Synthesis of 2‐Alkyl(aryl) Substituted 4H‐Pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Bonacorso Helio G. , Righi Fernando J. , Rodrigues Isadora R. , Cechinel Cleber A. , Costa Michelle B. , Wastowski Arci D. , Martins Marcos A. P. , Zanatta Nilo
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Antiprotozoal Activity of Some New Synthetic Substituted Quinoxalines.
Authors: Hui Xu , Desrivot Julie , Bories Christian , Loiseau Philippe M. , Franck Xavier , Hocquemiller Reynald , Figadere Bruno
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Piperazinyl Oxime Ethers as NK‐1 Receptor Antagonists
Authors: van den Hoogenband Adri , van Maarseveen Jan H. , McCreary Andrew C. , Mulder Arie T. , van Scharrenburg Guus J. M. , van Stuivenberg Herman H. , Zethof Theo J. J. , Zijta Barbara , Bakker Wouter I. Iwema
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Syntheses of Armed‐Macrocycles by Reductive Amination Using NaBH(OAc)3 under 1 MPa.
Authors: Habata Yoichi , Osaka Futoshi , Yamada Sachiko
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrosilylation of Terminal Alkynes with Alkylidene Ruthenium Complexes and Silanes.
Authors: Menozzi Candice , Dalko Peter I. , Cossy Janine
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Labdane Diterpenoids from Hyptis fasciculata.
Authors: Ohsaki Ayumi , Kishimoto Yoshiko , Isobe Takahiko , Fukuyama Yoshiyasu
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
24‐nor‐Ursane Type Triterpenoids from the Stems of Rumex japonicus.
Authors: Jang Dae Sik , Kim Jong Min , Kim Joo‐Hwan , Kim Jin Sook
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Three New Podocarpane‐Type Diterpenoids from Callus of Securinega suffruticosa.
Authors: Yuan Wei , Lu Ziming , Liu Ying , Meng Chao , Cheng Ke‐di , Zhu Ping
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Potent Water Soluble Forskolin Analogues.
Authors: Lal Bansi , Gangopadhyay Ashok Kumar , Gidwani Ramesh M. , Rajagopalan Ramanujam , Ghate Anil V.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Formal Total Synthesis of Eleutherobin (IV) Using the Ring‐Closing Metathesis (RCM) Reaction of a Densely Functionalized Diene as the Key Step: Investigation of the Unusual Kinetically Controlled RCM Stereochemistry.
Authors: Castoldi Damiano , Caggiano Lorenzo , Panigada Laura , Sharon Ofer , Costa Anna M. , Gennari Cesare
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Aza‐Michael Reactions Catalyzed by Samarium Iodobinaphtholate.
Authors: Reboule Irena , Gil Richard , Collin Jacqueline
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Substituted Tubaic Acids, New Oxidative Rotenoid Metabolites from Lonchocarpus nicou
Authors: Lawson Martin A. , Kaouadji Mourad , Allais Daovy P. , Champavier Yves , Chulia Albert J.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Brauhenefloroside C: A New Acylated Flavone Glycoside from the Fruits of Stocksia brauhica.
Authors: Ahmad V. U. , Bader S. , Arshad S. , Iqbal S. , Mohammad F. V. , Tareen R. B.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Anthraquinone and Iridoid from the Fruits of Morinda citrifolia.
Authors: Kamiya Kohei , Tanaka Yohei , Endang Hanani , Umar Mansur , Satake Toshiko
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Convenient Synthesis of (E)‐Methyl O‐Alkylferulates: Formal Synthesis of O‐Geranylconiferyl Alcohol, a Metabolite of Fagara rhetza.
Authors: Mahajan Rajesh P. , Patil Shamkant L. , Mali Raghao S.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Class of Semisynthetic Anthracycline Glycoside Antibiotics Incorporating a Squaric Acid Moiety.
Authors: Sztaricskai Ferenc , Sum Anita , Roth Erzsebet , Pelyvas Istvan F. , Sandor Szabolcs , Batta Gyula , Herczegh Pal , Remenyi Judit , Miklan Zsanett , Hudecz Ferenc
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total Synthesis as a Resource in Drug Discovery: The First in vivo Evaluation of Panaxytriol (I) and Its Derivatives.
Authors: Yun Heedong , Chou Ting‐Chao , Dong Huajin , Tian Yuan , Li Yue‐ming , Danishefsky Samuel J.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Angelmarin, a Novel Anticancer Agent Able to Eliminate the Tolerance of Cancer Cells to Nutrient Starvation.
Authors: Awale Suresh , Nakashima Eduardo M. N. , Kalauni Surya K. , Tezuka Yasuhiro , Kurashima Yukiko , Lu Jie , Esumi Hiroyasu , Kadota Shigetoshi
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Indoloprodigiosins from the C‐10 Bipyrrolic Precursor: New Antiproliferative Prodigiosin Analogues.
Authors: Baldino Carmen M. , Parr Jonathan , Wilson Christopher J. , Ng Shi‐Chung , Yohannes Daniel , Wasserman Harry H.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Total Synthesis of a Fluorescent Phorboxazole a Analogues for Cellular Studies.
Authors: Chen Jiehao , Ying Lu , Hansen T. Matthew , Engler Mary M. , Lee Chi Sing , La Clair James J. , Forsyth Craig J.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Synthesis of Substituted Phenylpropanoic Acid Derivatives as Human Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor α/δ Dual Agonists.
Authors: Kasuga Jun‐ichi , Makishima Makoto , Hashimoto Yuichi , Miyachi Hiroyuki
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and SAR of Highly Potent and Selective Dopamine D3‐Receptor Antagonists: Quinolin(di)one and Benzazepin(di)one Derivatives.
Authors: Geneste Herve , et al. et al.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemical Synthesis of Proteins
Authors: Nilsson Bradley L. , Soellner Matthew B. , Raines Ronald T.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Properties of NTP Analogues with Modified Triphosphate Chains
Authors: Koukhareva Inna , Vaghefi Morteza , Lebedev Alexandre
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Nucleoside Triphosphates
Authors: Eriksson Staffan
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Designer Zinc Finger Proteins: Tools for Creating Artificial DNA‐Binding Functional Proteins
Authors: Dhanasekaran Muthu , Negi Shigeru , Sugiura Yukio
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reaction Rate Estimation of Controlled Release Antifouling Paint Binders: Rosin‐Based Systems
Authors: Yebra Diego Meseguer , Kiil Soren , Dam‐Johansen Kim , Weinell Claus
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mechanisms of Protein Assembly: Lessons from Minimalist Models
Authors: Levy Yaakov , Onuchic Jose N.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy: Molecular Structure and Organization at the Atomic Level
Authors: Baldus Marc
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Malliavin calculus for the stochastic 2D Navier—Stokes equation
Authors: Mattingly Jonathan C. , Pardoux Étienne
Published: April 2006

We consider the incompressible, two‐dimensional Navier‐Stokes equation with periodic boundary conditions under the effect of an additive, white‐in‐time, stochastic forcing. Under mild restrictions on the geometry of the scales forced, we show that any finite‐dimensional projection of the solution possesses a smooth, strictly positive density with respect to Lebesgue measure. In particular, our conditions are viscosity independent. We are mainly interested in forcing that excites a very small number of modes. All of the results rely on proving the nondegeneracy of the infinite‐dimensional Malliavin matrix. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals Inc.
Synthetically Useful Wagner–Meerwein Rearrangement of α‐Quaternary β‐Bromovinyl Methyl Ethers
Authors: Wang Ai‐Xia , Tu Yong‐Qiang , Song Zhen‐Lei , Yuan Dao‐Yi , Hu Xiang‐Dong , Wang Shao‐Hua , Gao Shuan‐Hu
Published: April 2006

A synthetically useful Wagner–Meerwein (WM) rearrangement is reported in this paper. The investigation on the design and optimization involved the substrates α‐quaternary β‐bromovinyl methyl ethers as well as the reaction conditions. γ‐Aryl α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes with versatile synthetic uses could readily be obtained through a special pathway in high yields. For example, tricyclic aromatic systems were constructed efficiently through a tandem WM rearrangement/Friedel–Crafts alkylation.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Novel role for aspartoacylase in regulation of BDNF and timing of postnatal oligodendrogenesis
Authors: Francis Jeremy S. , Olariu Ana , McPhee Scott W. , Leone Paola
Published: April 2006

Neuronal growth factors are thought to exert a significant degree of control over postnatal oligodendrogenesis, but mechanisms by which these factors coordinateoligodendrocyte development with the maturation of neural networks are poorly characterized. We present here a developmental analysis of aspartoacylase (Aspa)‐null tremor rats and show a potential role for this hydrolytic enzyme in the regulation of a postnatal neurotrophic stimulus that impacts on early stages of oligodendrocyte differentiation. Abnormally high levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the Aspa‐null Tremor brain are associated with dysregulated oligodendrogenesis at a stage in development normally characterized by high levels of Aspa expression. BDNF promotes the survival of proliferating cells during the early stages of oligodendrocyte maturation in vitro, but seems to compromise the ability of these cells to populate the cortex in vivo. Aspartoacylase activity in oligodendrocytes is shown to provide for the negative regulation of BDNF in neurons, thereby determining the availability of a developmental stimulus via a mechanism that links oligodendroglial differentiation with neuronal maturation. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of Argon laser irradiation on polar excitations in frog sciatic nerve
Authors: Matsuda Yoshiki , Niwa Mayuka , Iwai Hiromasa , Kogure Shinichi , Honjoe Nobuyuki , Komatsu Mitsuaki , Ishii Yoshio , Watanabe Kazuhiro
Published: April 2006

Background and Objectives

Since the mechanisms underlying the effects of low‐power laser irradiation on the nervous system remain unclear, we examined whether such irradiation can influence ionic channels of the nerve membrane using the law of polar excitation in isolated frog sciatic nerve.

Study Design/Materials and Methods

Using 43 frogs (Xenopus laevis), nerve preparations were stimulated at 0.5/second using a 10‐millisecond pulse at supramaximal intensity. Ar+ laser irradiation (457, 488, 514 nm; 50, 75, 100 mW) was applied for 30 minutes to the portion between the anode and cathode stimulating electrodes.

Results and Conclusions

Ar+ laser irradiations (457, 488 nm; 50 mW) blocked the generation of anode‐break‐excitation, rather than cathode‐make‐excitation. Such a selective effect occurred when applying a blocker of hyperpolarization‐activated cation current (Ih) channel, ZD7288. Ar+ laser irradiation may influence Na+ channels in addition to Ih channels. Lasers Surg. Med. 38:608–614, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term results of primary repair of brachial plexus lesions in children
Authors: Gilbert Alain , Pivato Giorgio , Kheiralla Tamer
Published: April 2006

The results of brachial plexus reconstruction in adults are poor, despite the sophistication of the various methods used. However, the same methods used in neonates after obstetrical brachial plexus injury will give far better results because of the shorter distance, stronger potential of regeneration, and capacity of brain adaptation. Complete paralyses, associated root ruptures, and avulsions are very severe, and the end results cannot be evaluated before the end of growth. Although the end results show that the shoulder and elbow do not do as well as in upper‐type lesions, the results at the level of the hand are encouraging, showing 75% with useful function after 8 years, even in patients with avulsion injuries of the lower roots. These results demonstrate the value of the early exploration and repair of the obstetric plexus. We also review our series of traumatic brachial plexus palsy in children. The results are poorer than in neonates, where may be related, in part, to a greater percentage of associated lesions in these patients. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2006
Incompressible non‐Newtonian fluids: time asymptotic behaviour of weak solutions
Authors: Nečasová Šárka , Penel Patrick
Published: April 2006

We study the asymptotic behaviour in time of incompressible non‐Newtonian fluids in the whole space assuming that initial data also belong to L1. Firstly, we consider the weak solution to the power‐law model with non‐zero external forces and we find the asymptotic behaviour in time of this solution in the same class of existence and uniqueness with p⩾. Secondly, we are interested in the asymptotic behaviour of weak solutions to the second grade model, and finally, we deal with the asymptotic behaviour in time of weak solutions to a simplified model of viscoelastic fluids of the Oldroyd type. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictive model of muscle fatigue after spinal cord injury in humans
Authors: Shields Richard K. , Chang Ya‐Ju , Dudley‐Javoroski Shauna , Lin Cheng‐Hsiang
Published: April 2006

The fatigability of paralyzed muscle limits its ability to deliver physiological loads to paralyzed extremities during repetitive electrical stimulation. The purposes of this study were to determine the reliability of measuring paralyzed muscle fatigue and to develop a model to predict the temporal changes in muscle fatigue that occur after spinal cord injury (SCI). Thirty‐four subjects underwent soleus fatigue testing with a modified Burke electrical stimulation fatigue protocol. The between‐day reliability of this protocol was high (intraclass correlation, 0.96). We fit the fatigue index (FI) data to a quadratic‐linear segmental polynomial model. FI declined rapidly (0.3854 per year) for the first 1.7 years, and more slowly (0.01 per year) thereafter. The rapid decline of FI immediately after SCI implies that a “window of opportunity” exists for the clinician if the goal is to prevent these changes. Understanding the timing of change in muscle endurance properties (and, therefore, load‐generating capacity) after SCI may assist clinicians when developing therapeutic interventions to maintain musculoskeletal integrity. Muscle Nerve, 2006