bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational Models of Face Perception
Authors: Martinez Aleix M.
Published: June 2017

Faces are one of the most important means of communication for humans. For example, a short glance at a person’s face provides information about his or her identity and emotional state. What are the computations the brain uses to acquire this information so accurately and seemingly effortlessly? This article summarizes current research on computational modeling, a technique used to answer this question. Specifically, my research tests the hypothesis that this algorithm is tasked with solving the inverse problem of production. For example, to recognize identity, our brain needs to identify shape and shading features that are invariant to facial expression, pose, and illumination. Similarly, to recognize emotion, the brain needs to identify shape and shading features that are invariant to identity, pose, and illumination. If one defines the physics equations that render an image under different identities, expressions, poses, and illuminations, then gaining invariance to these factors can be readily resolved by computing the inverse of this rendering function. I describe our current understanding of the algorithms used by our brains to resolve this inverse problem. I also discuss how these results are driving research in computer vision to design computer systems that are as accurate, robust, and efficient as humans.
Looking Leadership in the Face
Authors: Antonakis John , Eubanks Dawn L.
Published: June 2017

Given what we know about the predictors of leaders’ ability, facial appearance should play a small or a very limited role in observers’ selection of leaders; however, research convincingly shows otherwise. The more distant observers are from leaders or the less information they have about them, the more likely they are to use whatever information is available—including the target’s looks—to make inferences about a leader’s character and competence. In this article, we review which consequential leadership outcomes are predicted by facial appearance. We explain why observers are inclined to make heuristic decisions using facial cues, discuss whether facial appearance carries credible information, and identify the conditions that may attenuate face effects.
Social Vision: Applying a Social-Functional Approach to Face and Expression Perception
Authors: Adams Reginald B. , Albohn Daniel N. , Kveraga Kestutis
Published: June 2017

A social-functional approach to face processing comes with a number of assumptions. First, given that humans possess limited cognitive resources, it assumes that we naturally allocate attention to processing and integrating the most adaptively relevant social cues. Second, from these cues, we make behavioral forecasts about others in order to respond in an efficient and adaptive manner. This assumption aligns with broader ecological accounts of vision that highlight a direct action-perception link, even for nonsocial vision. Third, humans are naturally predisposed to process faces in this functionally adaptive manner. This latter contention is implied by our attraction to dynamic aspects of the face, including looking behavior and facial expressions, from which we tend to overgeneralize inferences, even when forming impressions of stable traits. The functional approach helps to address how and why observers are able to integrate functionally related compound social cues in a manner that is ecologically relevant and thus adaptive.
Individual Differences in Face Recognition: A Decade of Discovery
Authors: Wilmer Jeremy B.
Published: June 2017

Given the vital role face recognition plays in human social interaction, variations in this ability hold inherent interest and potential consequence. Yet the science of such differences has long lagged behind that of differences in other cognitive domains. In particular, although scattered case reports of catastrophic face-recognition deficits due to brain damage date back more than a century, for many decades, virtually no attention was paid to naturally occurring individual differences in face recognition. This past decade, in contrast, has seen a remarkable acceleration of research into these naturally occurring differences, spurred by the creation and validation of high-quality measures, open sharing of these measures, new options for remote testing, and a concerted move toward larger and more multivariate investigations. In this article, I recount six fundamental insights gained during the past decade about individual differences in face recognition—concerning their broad range, cognitive specificity, strong heritability, resilience to change, life-span trajectory, and practical relevance. Insights like these support a richer understanding of individual social experience and could enable more informed individual and institutional decision making.
Evaluation of the relationship between the minimum inhibitory concentration of ceftiofur and third-generation cephalosporins in Escherichia coli isolates from food-producing animals
Authors: Hiki Mototaka , Shimizu Yasuhito , Kawanishi Michiko , Ozawa Manao , Abo Hitoshi , Kojima Akemi , Koike Ryoji , Suzuki Satowa , Asai Tetsuo , Hamamoto Shuichi
Published: June 2017

To enable future comparison of the antimicrobial susceptibility data between bacteria obtained from animals and humans, it is necessary to compare the relationships between minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of veterinary and human medicine. We evaluated the relationship between the MIC of ceftiofur (CTF) and the MICs of other third-generation cephalosporins (TGCs): cefotaxime (CTX), cefpodoxime (CPDX), and ceftazidime (CAZ), determined by the broth microdilution method using 118 cefazolin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from food-producing animals. Using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute criteria, very major classification errors were observed only in CAZ (17.8%, 21 of 118); major and minor errors were observed in all TGCs (CTX: 0.8% [1 of 118] and 9.3% [11 of 118]; CPDX: 9.3% [11 of 118] and 6.8% [8 of 118]; CAZ: 2.5% [3 of 118] and 9.3% [11 of 118], respectively). The Spearman correlation coefficients between the MICs of CTF and CTX, CPDX, and CAZ were 0.765, 0.731, and 0.306, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity values were 100.0% and 81.8% for CTX, 99.0% and 27.3% for CPDX, and 76.0% and 86.4% for CAZ compared with CTF. The C-statistic was 0.978 for CTF and CTX, 0.953 for CPDX, and 0.798 for CAZ. For the TGCs evaluated in our study, testing for CTX susceptibility results showed the highest correlation with the results given when testing for CTF susceptibility.
Team Roles: A Review and Integration
Authors: Driskell Tripp , Driskell James E. , Burke C. Shawn , Salas Eduardo
Published: June 2017

The concept of roles is ubiquitous in the social sciences, and a number of scholars have examined the operation of roles in task teams. In fact, this research has resulted in a seemingly unlimited number of roles that have been described as relevant to team performance. In this study, we attempt to integrate this research by deriving a model that describes three primary behavioral dimensions that underlie team role behavior: (a) dominance, (b) sociability, and (c) task orientation. Based on this model, we conduct a cluster analysis of the 154 team roles described in previous research. We identify 13 primary team role clusters, and discuss the implications of this approach for gaining further insight into team role structure and performance. We believe this is one step toward speaking a common language in discussing team roles.
Using the CYRM-28 With South African Young People: A Factor Structure Analysis
Authors: van Rensburg Angelique C. , Theron Linda C. , Ungar Michael
Published: June 2017

Purpose:

The factor structure of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-28) was originally established using a Canadian sample. This factor structure was not confirmed in a study with New Zealand youth. Given such variability, the current study investigated the factor structure of the CYRM-28 in a sample of Sesotho-speaking South African youth who participated in Pathways to Resilience Study.

Method:

Using latent variable modeling, we tested six varied models in two randomly selected samples ( n1 = 559; n2 = 578).

Results:

Fit statistics indicated that a three-factor variation of the New Zealand model, namely, individual, family/relational, and composite context, fitted best. The contextual composite synthesizes the CYRM-28 clusters that measure social skills, educational, spiritual, community, and cultural resources.

Conclusion:

The contextual composite reflects traditional African ways of being. Accordingly, understanding the factor structure of the CYRM-28 precedes practitioner capacity to promote resilience in an evidence-informed way.
Parental Stress in Families of Children With Disabilities
Authors: Hsiao Yun-Ju
Published: June 2017

Parents of children with disabilities often experience a higher level of stress than parents of children without disabilities, regardless of categories of disabilities. Understanding parental stressors can lead to appropriate interventions and supports for these parents and their children with disabilities. This article discusses issues of parental stress by exploring what is known about parental stress in raising children with disabilities and examining factors that may result in parental stress for practitioners to work on so as to help parents reduce their stress. This article focuses on three strong predictors of parental stress in families of children with disabilities: (a) problem behaviors of the child, (b) coping strategies of parents, and (c) parenting support for families. Implications for practitioners to help parents reduce their stress are discussed.
Charter Schools and Students With Disabilities: Legal and Practice Considerations
Authors: Dunn Michelle E. , Katsiyannis Antonis , Ryan Joseph B.
Published: June 2017

As of the 2013–2014 school year, about 2.5 million school-age students attended charter schools nationwide. Because charter schools are publicly funded entities, they are required to adhere to all federal nondiscriminatory laws as well as the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act. This legal brief provides an overview of charter schools, legal requirements associated with students with disabilities enrolled in charter schools, and recommendations for practice.
Pediatric Nurses’ Perception of Support for Families With Children With Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Bruce Elisabeth , Sundin Karin
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this study was to illuminate pediatric nurses’ (PNs) perceptions of support for families with a child with a congenital heart defect. The study used a qualitative design with narrative interviews with eight PNs in Northern Sweden, and the interview data were analyzed with content analysis. The analysis revealed that the nurses perceive that letting the parents be involved in their child’s care is of great importance in supporting the families. Although they have a paternalistic attitude to the families, they also stated that nurses should inform the parents about the care of the child, create a good relationship with the family, and build trust among all parties involved.
All That Glitters Yellow Is Not Gold: Presentation and Pathophysiology of Bile Cast Nephropathy
Authors: Pitlick Mitchell , Rastogi Prerna
Published: June 2017

Background. Acute kidney injury (AKI) often manifests in patients with liver disease because of a prerenal cause and presents as acute tubular necrosis or hepatorenal syndrome. Distinguishing between these entities is important for prognosis and treatment. Some patients may develop AKI related to their underlying liver disease: for example, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis or IgA nephropathy. Bile cast nephropathy is an often ignored differential diagnosis of AKI in the setting of obstructive jaundice. It is characterized by the presence of bile casts in renal tubules, which can possibly cause tubular injury through obstructive and direct toxic effects. Thus, AKI in patients with liver disease may have a structural component in addition to a functional one. Methods. In this study, we describe 2 patients with severe hyperbilirubinemia who developed AKI and underwent a kidney biopsy that revealed bile casts in tubular lumens, consistent with bile cast nephropathy. Results. One patient was treated aggressively for alcoholic hepatitis and required hemodialysis for AKI. The second patient was treated conservatively for drug-induced liver injury and did not require dialysis. Both patients saw a reduction in their bilirubin and creatinine toward baseline. Conclusion. Bile cast nephropathy is an important pathological entity that may account for the renal dysfunction in some patients with liver disease. It requires kidney biopsy for diagnosis and may often be overlooked given the scarcity of kidney biopsy in this particular clinical setting. The etiology is multifactorial, and it is often difficult to predict without the aid of a renal biopsy.
IgG4-Related Sclerosing Disease of the Breast in a Male Patient
Authors: Vitkovski Taisia , Marder Galina S. , Filardi Dominic A. , Gupta Ekta , Breuer Frank
Published: June 2017

IgG4-related sclerosing disease of the breast is a rare entity with 10 reports in the literature. We report the first case in a male patient. A 48-year-old male presented with 4-week history of palpable right upper outer quadrant breast mass associated with skin puckering. He reported a family history of breast cancer in his aunt. Ultrasound and mammography showed a spiculated 2.5-cm mass associated with skin retraction with extension to the pectoralis muscle. Ultrasound-guided core biopsy was performed. The findings were interpreted as acute and chronic inflammatory process. The patient subsequently denied improvement of the mass, and an excisional biopsy was performed. Histologic examination showed fibrosis and dense lymphoplasmacytic inflammation in the breast mass and muscle biopsy. Focal obliterative phlebitis was noted. IgG4-positive plasma cells were increased with counts of over 50 per high-power field. The diagnosis was confirmed as sclerosing IgG4-related disease of breast.
Double Jeopardy: Insurance, Animal Harm, and Domestic Violence
Authors: Signal Tania , Taylor Nik , Burke Karena J. , Brownlow Luke
Published: June 2017

Although the role of companion animals within the dynamic of domestic violence (DV) is increasingly recognized, the overlap of animal harm and insurance discrimination for victims/survivors of DV has not been considered. Prompted by a case study presented in a National Link Coalition LINK-Letter, this research note examines “Pet Insurance” policies available in Australia and whether nonaccidental injury caused by an intimate partner would be covered. We discuss the implications of exclusion criteria for victims/survivors of DV, shelters providing places for animals within a DV dynamic, and, more broadly, for cross- or mandatory-reporting (of animal harm) initiatives.
Significance of heat-moisture treatment conditions on the pasting and gelling behaviour of various starch-rich cereal and pseudocereal flours
Authors: Collar Concha
Published: June 2017

The impact of heat-moisture treatment processing conditions (15%, 25%, and 35% moisture content; 1, 3, and 5 h heating time at 120 ℃) on the viscosity pasting and gelling profiles of different grain flours matrices (barley, buckwheat, sorghum, high β-glucan barley, and wheat) was investigated by applying successive cooking and cooling cycles to rapid visco analyser canisters with highly hydrated samples (3.5:25, w:w). At a milder heat-moisture treatment conditions (15% moisture content, 1 h heating time), except for sorghum, heat-moisture treatment flours reached much higher viscosity values during earlier pasting and subsequent gelling than the corresponding native counterparts. Besides heat-moisture treatment wheat flour, the described behaviour found also for non-wheat-treated flours has not been previously reported in the literature. An increased hydrophobicity of prolamins and glutelins in low moisture-short heating time heat-moisture treatment of non-wheat flours with high protein content (12.92%–19.95%) could explain the enhanced viscosity profile observed.
Managing Symptoms During Cancer Treatments: Barriers and Facilitators to Home Care Nurses Using Symptom Practice Guides
Authors: Ludwig Claire , Bennis Cindy , Carley Meg , Gifford Wendy , Kuziemsky Craig , Lafreniere-Davis Nicole , McCrady Kate , Nichol Kathryn , Owens Glenda , Roscoe Diane , Sandrelli Tami , Simmons Henrietta , Truant Tracy , Verhaegen Melina , Stacey Dawn
Published: June 2017

Nurses are instrumental in helping clients safely manage at home and triage potentially life-threatening symptoms from cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess factors influencing home care nurses’ use of 15 evidence-informed symptom practice guides for providing telephone or in-home nursing services to clients with cancer. A mixed-methods descriptive study was guided by the Knowledge-to-Action Framework. All six nursing agencies within a regional home care authority participated. Data collection included retrospective audit of symptom management in 50 patient records, 14 interviews, and barriers survey from 150 of 243 (61.7%) registered nurses and registered practical nurses providing cancer symptom support in home care. Chart audit revealed more than 80% of clients were on chemotherapy and common symptoms were nausea/vomiting (44%), constipation (32%), fatigue (32%), loss of appetite (32%), and pain (20%). Nurses had positive intentions ( M = 5.4 out of 7; SD = 1.3) and felt capable of using the symptom practice guides ( M = 5.4; SD = 1.0), held strong beliefs about the consequences ( M = 5.8; SD = 1.1) and moral norms of using them ( M = 5.7; SD = 1.1), and identified neutral to low social influence ( M = 3.0; SD = 1.6). Common barriers were inadequate time in practice, learning curve, need to integrate into documentation, and competing system changes. Common facilitators were being comprehensive, an evidence-based resource for use in practice, and having consistent symptom management guides across settings. Overall, the symptom guides were well received by the nurses. Interventions nurses identified to overcome barriers were education, clear organizational mandate for implementation, and integration with documentation.
Work and culture: Approaching cultural and work psychology
Authors: Bendassolli Pedro F
Published: June 2017

In this article, we aim to explore the potential consequences of an approach to the theme of work that lies between culture psychology and work psychology. We argue that culture and work, considered as entities, have suffered from a process of mutual distancing over the course of history. Our first argument is to show the fallacy underlying this distancing, by arguing that culture is not an entity, but rather a process by which we use signs as tools to mediate our relationship with the environment and to regulate our own action in irreversible time. We also argue that work is a sign-mediated activity that occurs through culture. Most importantly, we advance the urgency of considering work as a cultural phenomenon, whose specific role is to make culture by getting things transformed into objects. The second argument we put forward is that work is a meaning-making complex. We further develop this concept by claiming that work should be analysed at the general level of the semiotic principles of meaning-making.
Defense of the PACE trial is based on argumentation fallacies
Authors: Lubet Steven
Published: June 2017

In defense of the PACE trial, Petrie and Weinman employ a series of misleading or fallacious argumentation techniques, including circularity, blaming the victim, bait and switch, non-sequitur, setting up a straw person, guilt by association, red herring, and the parade of horribles. These are described and explained.
Psychological factors and self-rated health: An observative study on cardiological patients
Authors: Chiavarino Claudia , Poggio Chiara , Rusconi Franco , Beretta Anna Angela Rachele , Aglieri Stefano
Published: June 2017

This study investigated the association of illness representations, awareness of bodily states and health complaints to self-rated health in N = 150 consecutive patients with heart disease (ischaemic disease, heart failure and heart valve disease) and explored differences between ‘health optimist’ and ‘health pessimist’ patients. After controlling for medical variables, health complaints accounted for 14.2 per cent of patients’ self-rated health, and illness representations contributed for another 16.2 per cent; body awareness was not associated with self-rated health. Also, ‘optimists’ tended to see less negative consequences from their illness and perceived greater control over illness treatment compared to ‘pessimists’. Targeting symptoms and illness representations may optimize rehabilitation outcomes.
Growing old with media technology and the material experience of ageing
Authors: Givskov Cecilie
Published: June 2017

During the 20th and 21st century, media such as radio, telephone, television, computers and cell phones moved into everyday life as taken-for-granted elements. Based on observations and life-history interviews with 22 older women, this article discusses how media technology is materially involved in the experience of growing old. The analysis reveals two aspects of this. First, different technology stands out from its background presence as problematic because the media no longer enable the experiences they used to. Second, disconnects with and through media technology direct attention towards the declining body. The participants embody ‘old age’ by linking their experience with media to two cultural constructions of material ageing: generation and natural ageing. I argue that inasmuch as everyday life has become mediatized, the experience of growing old also takes place with and through media technology. This article forms part of ‘Media and the Ageing Body’ Special Issue.
Media and the ageing body: Introduction to the special issue
Authors: Givskov Cecilie , Petersen Line Nybro
Published: June 2017

In this introductory article we offer a frame for understanding the relationship between the ageing body and the media as the focus for this special issue. As societies age, issues of representations of old bodies and people’s practices and embodied experiences with media technologies requires a deeper investigation. At the same time, contemporary society is undergoing processes of mediatization, which invites us to think of the ways in which media can be said to play a role in changing practices or changing representations regarding the older body. The introduction is concerned with this duality: the changing sociocultural conditions for the ageing body and the changing authority of media and its role for the ageing body. Finally, we briefly introduce the articles that are part of the special issue ‘The ageing body and the media’.
The dialectic of critique and progress
Authors: Johnson Pauline
Published: June 2017

As long as critique trails in the wake of progress, a more radical game-changing interest in its reconstruction remains blocked. This article will contrast the reforming approach adopted by Peter Wagner with Theodor Adorno’s attempt to reconstruct the normative foundations of historical progress. The intention here is to use the radicalism of Adorno’s critical recovery of this ideal in order to clarify and strengthen the social democratic utopianism that underlies Wagner’s reconstruction of progress. The final section of the article extends the significance of this modelling of the dialectics between critique and progress, using it to guide a brief evaluation of some attempts to reclaim critique from its histories of complicity in repressive, Eurocentric versions of historical progress.
Impact assessment on patients’ satisfaction and healthcare professionals’ commitment of software supporting Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course: A protocol proposal
Authors: Rijo Rui Pedro Charters Lopes , Crepaldi Nathalia Yukie , Bergamini Fernanda , Rodrigues Lídia Maria Lourençon , de Lima Inácia Bezerra , da Silva Castro Perdoná Gleici , Alves Domingos
Published: June 2017

Doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals use software that affects the patients. Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course is the name given to the tuberculosis control strategy recommended by the World Health Organization. The main goal of this work is to propose a protocol for evaluating the impact of healthcare software supporting Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course on patients, healthcare professionals, and services. The proposed protocol consists of a set of instruments and steps. The instruments are reliable and validated existing questionnaires to be applied before and after using the software tool. The literature points out the need for standards on the software assessment. This is particularly critical when software affects patients directly. The present protocol is a universal tool to assess the impact of software used to support the fight against the tragedy of tuberculosis where a rigorous evaluation of IT in healthcare is highly recommended and of great importance.
Robust cylinder pressure estimation in heavy-duty diesel engines
Authors: Kulah Serkan , Forrai Alexandru , Rentmeester Frank , Donkers Tijs , Willems Frank
Published: June 2017

The robustness of a new single-cylinder pressure sensor concept is experimentally demonstrated on a six-cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine. Using a single-cylinder pressure sensor and a crank angle sensor, this single-cylinder pressure sensor concept estimates the in-cylinder pressure traces in the remaining cylinders by applying a real-time, flexible crankshaft model combined with an adaptation algorithm. The single-cylinder pressure sensor concept is implemented on CPU/field-programmable gate array–based hardware. For steady-state engine operating conditions, the added value of the adaptation algorithm is demonstrated for cases in which a fuel quantity change or start of injection change is applied in a single, non-instrumented cylinder. It is shown that for steady-state and transient engine conditions, the cylinder pressure traces and corresponding combustion parameters, indicated mean effective pressure, peak cylinder pressure, and crank angle at 50% heat release, can be estimated with 1.2 bar, 6.0 bar, and 1.1 CAD inaccuracy, respectively.
An extended calculation approach of exhaust thermocouple temperatures in one-dimensional gas exchange simulation for turbocharged gasoline direct-injection engines
Authors: Franzke Bjoern , Adomeit Philipp , Uhlmann Tolga , Scharf Johannes , Pischinger Stefan
Published: June 2017

A new model approach is presented to determine exhaust thermocouple temperatures in gas exchange calculations for turbocharged gasoline direct-injection engines. Since the measured thermocouple temperature at turbine inlet is typically used as a criterion to fix the required fuel enrichment for turbocharger protection, an accurate prediction of this value is decisive in the development of future engine concepts. Therefore, a detailed one-dimensional thermocouple model has been developed which captures the measurement principle by a physical approach. The major advantage of this approach is the integration of detailed data of convective heat transfer along the thermocouple protrusion length from three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic exhaust flow simulations. Detailed investigations by means of three-dimensional and one-dimensional simulations are presented for steady-state flow as well as in full and part load operations of four turbocharged gasoline direct-injection engines. For further verification, the test carriers have been equipped with special temperature measurement technology like various thermocouple penetration lengths and profile thermocouples. A comparison with measured temperatures shows that at turbine inlet, a prediction deviation of less than 10 K can be achieved with the detailed one-dimensional model.
Improving care for advanced COPD through practice change: Experiences of participation in a Canadian spread collaborative
Authors: Verma Jennifer Y , Amar Claudia , Sibbald Shannon , Rocker Graeme M
Published: June 2017

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death, morbidity, and health-care spending. The Halifax, Nova Scotia-based INSPIRED COPD Outreach Program™ has proved highly beneficial for patients and the health-care system. With direct investment of <$1-million CAD, a pan-Canadian quality improvement collaborative (QIC) supported the spread of INSPIRED to 19 teams in the 10 Canadian provinces contingent upon participation in evaluation. The collaborative evaluation followed a mixed-methods summative approach relying on collated quantitative data, team documents, and surveys sent to core members of the 19 teams. Survey questions included a series of multiple-choice responses, Likert scale ratings, and open-ended questions. The qualitative evaluation entailed key informant interviews and focus groups undertaken between February and April 2016 post-collaborative. Teams reported that the year-long QIC helped bring focus to a needed, though often overlooked area of improvement, facilitating innovation spread. They report examples of new work practices as well as unanticipated cultural change (given the short QIC time frame). Most teams gained new skills in quality improvement (QI) and evidence-based medicine, showing progress in their ability to measure and implement COPD care improvements. Teams felt networking with other teams across the country toward a common solution as well as learning from a team of clinical innovators and evidence-based innovation were critical to their success. Factors affecting sustainability included local leadership support, involvement of frontline clinicians, and sharing milestones to motivate continued QI. The INSPIRED QIC enabled teams across Canada to adapt and implement a new COPD care model for high users of health-care with rapid improvements to work practices, cultural change, and skill sets, and at relatively low cost.
Beyond Matriculation: Examining Factors That Contribute to African American Male Persistence at a Predominantly White Institution
Authors: Simmons Lamont D.
Published: June 2017

In higher education, academic disparities exist between African American males and their gender and ethnic counterparts. Furthermore, many institutions struggle to promote African American male persistence beyond matriculation. This study provides insight into how a sample of undergraduate African American males was persisting at a predominantly White institution. Six themes emerged, including (a) exposure to rigorous high school curriculum, (b) feeling encouraged and supported, (c) having a sense of motivation, (d) educational aspirations beyond a bachelor’s degree, (e) involvement in ethnic-based campus organizations, and (f) connecting with minority faculty. The preponderance of findings demonstrates that noncognitive factors are essential to how African American males persist.
The coating of composite nanoparticles of BaFe12O19/multi-walled carbon nanotubes using silicon matrix on nonwoven substrate for radar absorption in X and Ku bands
Authors: Afzali Arezoo , Mottaghitalab Vahid , Afghahi Seyed Salman , Jafarian Mojtaba
Published: June 2017

A novel radar absorbing material was developed on nonwoven fabric using BaFe12O19/multi-walled carbon nanotube, which was synthesized by combustive sol–gel technique. The functional carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotube was utilized in silicon matrix and printed on fabric surface to enhance the intensity and band width of wave absorption. The crystalline structure, morphology, and magnetic properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The maximum reflection loss of nanoparticles was measured about −7 dB on 9.5 GHz. Moreover, the maximum absorption in X band was close to −38.45 dB in 10.5 GHz at the thickness of 1.5 mm with bandwidth of 2.6 GHz. Moreover, in Ku band, the maximum absorption for BaFe12O19/multi-walled carbon nanotube sample with thickness of 1.5 mm was reported as −31.38 dB, which was recorded on 15.9 GHz with 3.2 GHz bandwidth. Interestingly, the fabric coated with bare BaFe12O19 nanoparticle exhibits a maximum absorption of −3.5 dB at 9.7 GHz, which is lower compared to the absorption value of −17.8 dB at 9.8 GHZ for the fabric coated with BaFe12O19/multi-walled carbon nanotube. However, in Ku band, the fabric coated with BaFe12O19 nanoparticles shows lower value of −2.4 dB compared to X band in 17.6 GHz. In comparison, for composite nanoparticles coated sample, a nearly similar maximum value of −17.6 dB was recorded on 16.7 GHz with band width of 2.2 GHz. Results indicate appreciable maximum absorption value of more than 90% in X and Ku band, which can be attributed to presence of carbon structure in composite material.
Reflections on a Quality, Values-Driven Academic Career: An Interview With Kenneth R. Thompson
Authors: Schultz Jennifer L. , Thompson Kenneth R.
Published: June 2017

This article is a career legacy interview of Kenneth R. Thompson, the 2016 Midwest Scholar.
When Diet and Exercise Aren’t Enough: The Added Benefits of Connection, Community, and Psychosocial Support in Navigating Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Geyer Cindy
Published: June 2017

Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis in women, and many lifestyle factors have been linked to an elevated risk for development of the disease. This case provides an example of how breast cancer can occur even in people who engage in healthy lifestyle behaviors, yet underscores the importance of exercise, healthy dietary patterns, and addressing psychological distress in supporting women through their treatment and beyond.
Rain resistance of façades with façade details: A summary of three field and laboratory studies
Authors: Olsson Lars
Published: June 2017

One of the main functions of the exterior walls and façades is to protect the indoor and the sensitive parts of construction from the outdoor climate. Exposure of driving rain is the most prominent moisture source a wall has to resist. Despite this, there is a lack of information on rain resistance. Field measurements on real-life external walls show that recurrent water leakage under driving rain conditions is observed in five out of seven new-built houses in Sweden, including those with ventilated façades. About a 100 commercial laboratory façade tests, mounted by façade suppliers, and targeted laboratory experiments showed that it is almost impossible to achieve fully tight façade solutions, and keep them sealed. Nearly, all test walls with façade details leaked, almost regardless of façade type and sealing efforts. The results from field and laboratory measurements of rain resistance in new buildings in Sweden show that façades are usually not water-tight and also that very small deficiencies can cause substantial amount of water leakage.
The Romanian “Latchkey Generation” writes back: Memory genres of post-communism on Facebook
Authors: Pohrib Codruţa Alina
Published: June 2017

Since the 2000s an alternative engagement with the communist past has emerged across media in Romania in the shape of a generational discourse, which negotiates a post-communist generational identity for individuals growing up in the 1970s–1980s. This article focuses on the online memory practices of this self-dubbed “latchkey generation” by investigating an emerging life writing genre—the Facebook generatiography—and its reliance on the archiving of communist memorabilia in the shape of photographed objects. How do generational frames of remembrance, members of a specific generation, and the sociotechnical affordances of Facebook pages intra-act to produce this genre? And what does it “do” in the context of post-communist Romania? This article sets about answering these questions while arguing for the renewed need to think about generations as generically actualized discursive strategies in the age of social media.
The role of arts activities in developing resilience and mental wellbeing in children and young people a rapid review of the literature
Authors: Zarobe Leyre , Bungay Hilary
Published: June 2017

Aims:

This rapid review explores the role of arts activities in promoting the mental wellbeing and resilience of children and young people aged between 11 and 18 years.

Methods:

A systematic search of the literature was undertaken across 18 databases; no date limit was set on publication. Search terms included a range of creative activities: music, dance, singing, drama and visual arts; these were combined with terms linked to aspects of mental health, emotional wellbeing and resilience. Only studies related to activities that took place within community settings and those related to extracurricular activities based within schools were included.

Results:

Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight papers were included in the review. The interventions used in the studies were diverse and the research was heterogeneous; therefore, narrative synthesis of the results was conducted. The findings from the studies are considered in terms of the contribution the activities make to building resilience of children and young people. It was found that participating in arts activities can have a positive effect on self-confidence, self-esteem, relationship building and a sense of belonging, qualities which have been associated with resilience and mental wellbeing.

Conclusions:

Although the research evidence is limited, there is some support for providing structured group arts activities to help build resilience and contribute to positive mental wellbeing of children and young people.
Preclinical evaluation of NF-κB-triggered dendritic cells expressing the viral oncogenic driver of Merkel cell carcinoma for therapeutic vaccination
Authors: Gerer Kerstin F. , Erdmann Michael , Hadrup Sine R. , Lyngaa Rikke , Martin Lena-Marie , Voll Reinhard E. , Schuler-Thurner Beatrice , Schuler Gerold , Schaft Niels , Hoyer Stefanie , Dörrie Jan
Published: June 2017

Background:

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but very aggressive skin tumor that develops after integration of a truncated form of the large T-antigen (truncLT) of the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) into the host’s genome. Therapeutic vaccination with dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with tumor antigens is an active form of immunotherapy, which intends to direct the immune system towards tumors which express the respective vaccination antigens.

Methods:

Cytokine-matured monocyte-derived DCs of healthy donors and MCC patients were electroporated with mRNA encoding the truncLT. To permit major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II next to class I presentation, we used an RNA construct in which the antigen was fused to a DCLamp sequence in addition to the unmodified antigen. To further improve their immunogenicity, the DCs were additionally activated by co-transfection with the constitutively active nuclear factor (NF)-κB activator caIKK. These DCs were used to stimulate autologous CD8+ T-cells or a mixture of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. Then the percentage of T-cells, specific for the truncLT, was quantified by interferon (IFN)γ ELISpot assays.

Results:

Both the truncLT and its DCLamp-fusion were detected within the DCs by flow cytometry, albeit the latter required blocking of the proteasome. The transfection with caIKK upregulated maturation markers and induced cytokine production. After 2–3 rounds of stimulation, the T-cells from 11 out of 13 healthy donors recognized the antigen. DCs without caIKK appeared in comparison less potent in inducing such responses. When using cells derived from MCC patients, we could induce responses for 3 out of 5 patients; however, here the caIKK-transfected DCs did not display their superiority.

Conclusion:

These results show that optimized DCs are able to induce MCV-antigen-specific T-cell responses. Therapeutic vaccination with such transfected DCs could direct the immune system against MCC.
Militarization and police violence: The case of the 1033 program
Authors: Delehanty Casey , Mewhirter Jack , Welch Ryan , Wilks Jason
Published: June 2017

Does increased militarization of law enforcement agencies (LEAs) lead to an increase in violent behavior among officers? We theorize that the receipt of military equipment increases multiple dimensions of LEA militarization (material, cultural, organizational, and operational) and that such increases lead to more violent behavior. The US Department of Defense 1033 program makes excess military equipment, including weapons and vehicles, available to local LEAs. The variation in the amount of transferred equipment allows us to probe the relationship between military transfers and police violence. We estimate a series of regressions that test the effect of 1033 transfers on three dependent variables meant to capture police violence: the number of civilian casualties; the change in the number of civilian casualties; and the number of dogs killed by police. We find a positive and statistically significant relationship between 1033 transfers and fatalities from officer-involved shootings across all models.
The general error correction model in practice
Authors: Lebo Matthew J. , Kraft Patrick W.
Published: June 2017

Enns et al. respond to recent work by Grant and Lebo and Lebo and Grant that raises a number of concerns with political scientists’ use of the general error correction model (GECM). While agreeing with the particular rules one should apply when using unit root data in the GECM, Enns et al. still advocate procedures that will lead researchers astray. Most especially, they fail to recognize the difficulty in interpreting the GECM’s “error correction coefficient.” Without being certain of the univariate properties of one’s data it is extremely difficult (or perhaps impossible) to know whether or not cointegration exists and error correction is occurring. We demonstrate the crucial differences for the GECM between having evidence of a unit root (from Dickey–Fuller tests) versus actually having a unit root. Looking at simulations and two applied examples we show how overblown findings of error correction await the uncareful researcher.
Talking with students about faith-based career anxiety
Authors: Davidson Kenzie , Davidson Spencer M , Campbell Elizabeth L
Published: June 2017

For Christian college students, the journey toward vocation can be hindered by faith-based anxiety. The relationship between students and mentors in Christian higher education offers a unique, optimum space to explore these beliefs. Christians in academia have invaluable personal experience in integrating their faith and career, and have much to teach the next generation in courageously engaging both mind and heart when making vocational choices. Within the professor–student relationship, intentional curiosity and conversation are tools for inquiry and resolution. We have included four common anxieties, with Scripture-based affirmations and challenges to those viewpoints, to model investigating these beliefs with students.
Agness Underwood’s Historic Rise in an All-Male Newsroom: A Case Study
Authors: Bluestein Stephanie A.
Published: June 2017

Agness Underwood (1902-1984) made history in 1947 when she was promoted from reporter to city editor, making her the first woman to oversee a major metropolitan U.S. newsroom. Employing a biographical research method, narrative analysis was used to examine Underwood’s professional and personal life through her journalism work, articles written about her, personal artifacts, and author interviews of people who knew her. The data were then analyzed in terms of sex roles, personality traits, and leadership styles to construct a deeper understanding of this maverick journalist’s accomplishments. The findings indicate the traditional masculine qualities she possessed, in combination with her personality traits and transformational leadership style, greatly contributed to her success.
Reforming Legal Education through Clinical Pedagogy: Legal Education in Palestine
Authors: Qafisheh Mutaz M.
Published: June 2017

This article introduces the modern legal education scene in Palestine, by sharing the experience in setting up and running the clinical programmes of Hebron University. The article pursues a comparative approach by reviewing models of successful clinical programmes in various countries and by shedding light on the existing clinics at Hebron University. It warns, however, that despite achievements, the future of clinical pedagogy in the country remains uncertain. It may take years for clinics to build a solid base within the legal education system. Law schools have yet to develop a clear place for clinics within the curricula. The writer argues that the capacity of clinics to advance legal education, complement the apprenticeship stage, strengthen the legal profession and become a legal aid provider is unbounded. Building a coherent clinical system that is parallel to the systems of professional training, law practice and legal aid will require other reforms.
Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy: A Rare Variant of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies
Authors: Khan Noman Ahmed Jang , Khalid Shaza , Ullah Saad , Malik Muhammad Umair , Makhoul Samer
Published: June 2017

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are an unusual group of myopathies with annual incidence of 1 in 100 000 people in the United States. Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy comprises only 16% of this group. It usually presents with severe proximal weakness, lower extremity weakness, and severe fatigue while very rarely does it present with dysphagia and respiratory muscle weakness. Statin use, cancer, and connective tissue disorder are the usual associated risk factors. Anti-signal recognition particle and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase are the 2 most common autoantibodies associated with necrotizing autoimmune myopathy. In this article, we present a very rare case of a 66-year-old male who presented with shortness of breath and dysphagia requiring intubation and ventilator support. Creatine kinase was 23 000, myoglobin was 7000, and ANA was positive. All other autoimmune and infectious workup including Lyme disease was unremarkable. Muscle biopsy turned out remarkable for necrotizing myopathy. No evidence of statin use, active malignancy, or connective tissue disease was found. He was treated with high-dose corticosteroids and a short course of intravenous immunoglobulin with very mild improvement in symptoms. Anti-signal recognition particle and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase could not be performed as the patient refused to pursue further medical testing. This is a very rare case of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy presenting with bulbar and respiratory muscle weakness requiring ventilator support.