bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable maize production through organic amendments: Evaluating growth performance and environmental impact
Authors: Divya Bharathy A , Maragatham S , Santhi R , Davamani V , Balachandar D , Ramesh D
Published: December 2024

The current study investigates the impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on maize (Zea mays L.) growth and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Organic amendments such as farmyard manure (FYM) and composted press mud, as well as inorganic fertilizers, were applied across various treatments to evaluate their effects on plant height, leaf production, chlorophyll content (SPAD values), leaf area index (LAI) and GHG emissions and carbon dioxide (CO?). The experiment was conducted for one crop season (September to December 2023) using a Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) in Tamil Nadu, with static chamber methods employed to measure GHG emissions. The results demonstrated that treatments involving organic inputs significantly enhanced maize growth compared to inorganic fertilizers. N9 (T3 + 5 t Composted Pressmud) consistently recorded the highest plant height, leaf count and LAI, while the control (T1) had the lowest values. Organic amendments also showed reduced GHG emissions under rain-saturated conditions, although methane emissions were higher due to the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter. The study concludes that integrating organic fertilizers improves soil health and crop productivity while reducing GHG emissions, but careful management is needed to mitigate methane emissions in wet conditions. These findings support the adoption of organic inputs as part of sustainable agricultural practices to enhance productivity and environmental outcomes.
An Improved the Prediction Accuracy of the Nonlinear Grey Bernoulli Model by Fourier Series and Its Application in Container Throughput Forecasting in Danang Port
Authors: Phuong Nguyen Thi Thuy , Nhan Vu Thanh , Phan Van Thanh
Published: December 2024

In order to improve the prediction accuracy of Nonlinear Grey Bernoulli Model NGBM (1,1), this study using Fourier series to modify their residual error of this model. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the annual water consumption in Wuhan from 2005 to 2012 is used for the modeling to forecast the annual water consumption demand from 2013 to May 2020, and the forecasting results proved that the Fourier- NGBM (1,1) is a better than the among forecsating model used in this situation. Furethermore, this proposed approach is applied the real case in forecasting the Container Throughput Forecasting in Danang Port. The empirical results show that the proposed model will get a higher accuracy performance with the lowest MAPE =1.93%. This result is not noly show the effectivenness of proposed model but also offers valuable insights for Danang policymakers in orientation and planning management agency so as to boost the development of upcoming port activities.
The Analysis of Impacts for Knowledge Management in Higher Education Sector: The Case of Ikh Zasag International University, Mongolia
Authors: Dashdeleg Magsarjav , Munkh-Undrakh Baatarjav , Munkhsaruul Baatarjav , Dulguunmandakh Enkhbold
Published: December 2024

The primary purpose of our research is to examine the relationships between academics' capability skills, attitudes and communication skills toward knowledge management.  We worked on this study using basic management theory and social science to establish work assumptions and new conceptual models that international researchers employed in their research. The poll was done online by 133 professors, allowing us to classify and compare some of the results. We used SMART PLS-3.0, a qualitative research tool, to evaluate correlational and multifactorial data, as well as to present the findings of the forensic scientist's investigation of how factor variables affect knowledge management.  Our research has the potential to be significant in addressing both theoretical and practical concerns, as well as implementing additional most necessary practices at Ikh Zasag International University in Mongolia.
Feminizing the Nation: A Re-reading of Selected Cases of Palestinian Female Self-Referential Texts
Authors: Kholoussi Samia
Published: December 2024

The point of departure in this study is the premise that conceptualization of nation begins at the level of self and consciousness; that nation acquires its shape in personal experience before it is projected onto the public. For Arab nations, the 'imagined community' is constructed from foundational elements of history, language, place, heritage, oral traditions, collective memory, indigenous practices, cultural values etc … Predominantly, it is the male intellectual elite that the hegemonic national narrative empowers to define constituent components of national imaginary, thereby eclipsing female narratives. Given that signifiers of nationhood comprise a fluid field of meaning that can be reinvented/ reimagined, endeavors of female writers in narrating the nation re-cast them according to their vision of subject/identity formation. Selected Palestinian female autobiographies reveal interventions disrupting national forms of patriarchal domination. By re-appropriating components of nationhood, they formulate 'an Arab woman national narrative' integrating women as active agents in mainstream discourses. Deliberations explore relevant issues in Arab female autobiography, inquire into ambivalent relationship between Arab women and communal national imaginary, and examine processes of recovering Palestinian female historical memory in articulations of nationhood. Texts are deliberately selected for their apt representation of junctures of the national crisis. The methodology and research data draw upon cultural models within colonial/postcolonial discourses, critical postulations on nation and nationalism, theories in autobiography, and feminist standpoint theory. Particularly noteworthy in the textual analysis are theoretical considerations regarding the ‘woman question’ in the context of Palestinian reality.
Estimating Young Modulus of Elasticity of Terminalia catappa: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors:   Department of Interior Design and Technology Faculty of Built and Natural Environment, Takoradi technical University. P. O. Box 256, Takoradi, Quartey Gladys Ama
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the potential of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) in estimating Young’s modulus of elasticity of wood species. To do so, Terminalia catappa, a wood species of common occurrence was chosen and its mechanical properties such as bending strength, compression parallel to the grain, and shear parallel to the grain properties were determined using testing methods for small and clear specimens of wood with the British (BS 373, 1957) and American Society of Testing Materials’ specifications (ASTM D143, 1983s. The results showed that at 18% moisture content the wood has a density of 520 kg/m3 with a mean modulus of rupture of 86.04 Mpa, compressive strength parallel to the grain of 42.02 Mpa, modulus of elasticity of 10,500 Mpa, and shear strength parallel to the grain of 16.42 N/mm2. This dataset was used on machine learning approaches such as decision tree and random forest. The estimated value of Young’s modulus using the machine learning models varies between 1000 to 13000 MPa. The obtained results indicated that the use of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is an efficient tool for predicting Wood-Young’s modulus. This research paves the way for further investigations on the application of MRS and machine learning for predicting a wider range of wood properties. By employing machine learning techniques such as decision trees and random forests, researchers can develop robust models for estimating Young's modulus in other wood species. This approach allows for leveraging large datasets that encompass various influencing factors, ultimately leading to more accurate predictions compared to traditional methods.
The menstrual phase does not impact chemosensitivity during exercise
Authors: Mann Leah M. , Wright Madeline D. , Thompson Benjamin P. , Chang Jou‐Chung , Chan Jason S. , Foster Glen E. , Dominelli Paolo B.
Published: December 2024

At rest, the menstrual cycle phase impacts ventilation and chemosensitivity. However, during exercise there is inconclusive evidence that the menstrual cycle phase affects ventilation or chemosensitivity. We sought to examine the influence of menstrual phase and hormonal birth control (BC) on chemosensitivity. We tested 12 males and 20 females (10 BC; 10 normally menstruating, NBC) on three occasions. Day 1 was a maximal exercise test and days 2 (follicular phase) and 3 (luteal phase) consisted of three bouts of chemosensitivity testing during cycle exercise at 30% of peak work rate. Females‐BC and males completed day 3 approximately 2 weeks after day 2, with females‐BC tested during the active phase of their birth control. There were no differences between the two experimental days for any groups for any (hypercapnia, hypoxia, and hyperoxia) chemosensitivity tests, p > 0.05. Females‐BC had a significantly lower average response to transient hypercapnia than both females‐NBC and males (38% and 42% lower, respectively, p < 0.05). Females‐NBC had a significantly smaller change in ventilation to hyperoxia compared to males, −11.7 ± 5.9 versus −17.9 ± 5.4%, respectively (p < 0.05). We conclude that the day‐to‐day variability in chemosensitivity is not different between males, females‐BC and NBC.
Exploring the inhibitive performance of amino-dicarbonitrile derivative for Q235 steel protection in Cl3CCOOH solution: effect of temperature and synergism with iodide ions
Authors: Ansari Kashif Rahmani , Singh Ambrish , Ali Ismat H. , Alanazi Abdullah K. , Younas Muhammad , Lin Yuanhua
Published: December 2024

The inhibitory performance of amino-dicarbonitrile derivative (ANC) for the protection of Q235 steel corrosion in trichloroacetic acid (Cl3CCOOH) solution was investigated using various methods. The surface adsorption of ANC was screened by SEM, AFM, and XPS methods. Based on the data, it can be concluded that ANC effectively inhibits Q235 steel in 0.5 M Cl3CCOOH solution, with 94.3 % inhibition efficiency (η%) at 100 mg/L. The Freundlich model describes how ANC adsorbs on the surface of Q235 steel. Anodic and cathodic reactions are both retarded by ANC, a mixed type inhibitor. The depressed capacitive loop observed is the Nyquist diagram. The double layer capacitance decreases but the charge transfer resistance rises noticeably with the addition of ANC. The AFM and SEM micrographs provide unambiguous confirmation of the effective inhibition of ANC. The XPS result shows that ANC molecules functional groups are attached to the iron atoms.
Recent findings on lignin-based wear and corrosion resistance coatings
Authors: Wang Di , Claesson Per , Zhang Fan , Pan Jinshan , An Rong , Shi Yijun
Published: December 2024

The requirement for sustainable and environmentally friendly materials has led to the exploration of lignin as a potential candidate for protective coatings in various industrial applications. Recent researches demonstrate the feasibility of lignin-based coatings for enhancing wear and corrosion resistance. The lignin improved the coating’s barrier properties and prevented corrosive electrolytes from contacting the metal. The lignin additives also functionalised wear resistance coating. This review points out the improvements in using lignin extraction to produce high-quality materials suitable for corrosion and wear resistance coating purposes. However, the application of lignin in coatings faces significant challenges, primarily due to its heterogeneous and complex nature, which complicates the attainment of uniform and reliable coating qualities. Moreover, it emphasises the need for further studies on lignin to harness lignin’s potential. Future research needs include the development of standardised methods for lignin characterisation and modification, the exploration of novel lignin-based composites and the evaluation of lignin coatings in real-world applications. This review probes into the burgeoning field of lignin-based coatings, evaluating their potential for wear and corrosion resistance, and discusses the current state of research, challenges and future directions in this promising area.
Exploring the future of metallic implants: a review of biodegradable and non-biodegradable solutions
Authors: Ahmed Yahya , Ankah Nestor K. , Ogunlakin Nasirudeen , Toor Ihsan ulhaq , Farooq Wasif
Published: December 2024

As advancements in medical technology continue to evolve, the demand for innovative implant materials has become increasingly vital for enhancing overall experience of patients. Traditional non-biodegradable implants, while effective, often necessitate removal through invasive and costly surgical interventions, leading to significant clinical challenges. To address these issues, the development of biodegradable materials has gained prominence due to their ability to gradually degrade and be absorbed by the body, presenting a compelling alternative to permanent implants. This review examines both biodegradable and non-biodegradable metallic implants, focusing on key aspects such as biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and degradation kinetics. Furthermore, it explores the applications of these materials across various medical fields, emphasizing their potential to improve patient care. This review aims to bridge the gap between laboratory innovations, clinical practices, and industrial applications by summarizing current research. It offers valuable insights for researchers, clinicians, and industry professionals, contributing to the ongoing dialogue regarding the future of implant technology and advancing the understanding of material selection for diverse medical applications.
Shear wave velocity profiling of Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia, utilizing the multi-channel analysis of surface waves method
Authors: Abdelrahman Kamal , Hazaea Saddam A. , Almadani Sattam A.
Published: December 2024

Geotechnical site characterization is very important for construction purposes. This study has been conducted in Diriyah area northwest of Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia, using the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) method for site characterization through shear wave velocity profiling to 30 m depth. Nineteen MASW lines were carried out in various directions and lengths through the area. The entire process was meticulously parameterized to extract shear wave velocity for subsurface characteristics. MASW results revealed four distinct velocity zones based on National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program. Fill material was approximately half a meter thick and was classified as very dense soil. The second layer exhibited velocities ranging from 800 to 1,500 m/s, indicating weathered and highly fractured limestone. The third layer showed velocities varying from 1,500 to 1,800 m/s, representing slightly weathered limestone. The fourth layer displayed high velocities ranging from 1,800 to 3,600 m/s, indicating hard and compact limestone rocks. Geotechnical boreholes were drilled down to depths of 10–35 m. These boreholes exposed the geological model that consisted of fill material (silty sand with gravel), followed by highly to moderately weathered limestone with vugs and cracks, and finally, massive limestone rock. Analysis of shear wave velocities identified weak zones, particularly fractured and weathered limestone rocks extending to 12 m in depth. Sinkholes of circular, elongated, and/or conical shapes were observed within this depth range. Moreover, some sinkholes were detected at depths greater than 12 m in specific locations (sites 1, 6, 9, 11, and 17). These sinkholes agreed with the previous study. These results highlight the need for targeted ground improvement methods, such as grouting or underpinning, particularly for construction over weaker zones. Accurate site classification and effective risk management are crucial for addressing these geotechnical and seismic challenges.
The investigation of peritectic solidification of high nitrogen stainless steels by in-situ observation
Authors: Wang Tong , Qian Sicheng , Wang Yu , Ding Yunfei , He Yiqiang , Xu Jilin , Xue Hao , Feng Wen , Shang Feng
Published: December 2024

High nitrogen stainless steel has wide application prospects in many fields such as aerospace, petrochemical industry, marine engineering, energy, and military. Nitrogen is added as an alloying element to replace the more expensive element, nickel, thereby reducing the cost. Since nitrogen serves as an austenite stabilizer and has a higher nickel equivalent, it can improve the corrosion resistance and other mechanical properties of the alloy, yet it could also cause porosity and cracks. As the most upstream process of material processing, the solidification process largely determines the structure and performance of the product. High temperature confocal microscope can provide in-situ observations of phase transformation in metals and alloys. Thermodynamic calculations and other research articles show that the solidification of high nitrogen stainless steel usually involves multiple phases, δ-ferrite, γ-austenite, and liquid (L). Present research utilizes a unique concentric solidification technique to manually create a solid/liquid interface for studying the coexistence of multi-phase. It was found that during the solidification process of a high nitrogen stainless steel, the γ grows along the L/δ interface (L + δ → γ), and then, the pre-formed γ through peritectic reaction grows into δ and L phase. This two-step solidification mode is a typical peritectic solidification. The intervention of N makes the solidification process of high nitrogen stainless steel extremely complicated, because N is a strong γ stabilizer, and its content dramatically affects the formation of the primary phase. The rarely reported peritectic solidification in high nitrogen stainless steel was observed, and these findings could help improve the continuous casting process of high N alloys.
The role of kynurenine and kynurenine metabolites in psoriasis
Authors: Akyurek Fikret , Tuncez-Akyurek Fatma , Sengul Fatma
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Psoriasis is a widespread immunological disease characterised by inflammation and primarily associated with skin and joint symptoms. The kynurenine pathway significantly influences inflammation and immune system activity. The aim of this study is to determine serum concentrations of kynurenine metabolites in patients with psoriasis and investigate their correlation with disease severity.

Methods

This study included 30 participants with psoriasis and 30 individuals without the disease as healthy controls. Serum levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, 3-OH anthranilic acid, quinolinic acid, 3-OH kynurenine, and kynurenic acid were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Results

Serum levels of kynurenic acid (p<0.001), tryptophan (p<0.001) and the tryptophan/kynurenine ratio (TKR) (p<0.001) were statistically significantly lower in psoriasis patients than in healthy controls, while levels of quinolinic acid (p=0.007) and kynurenine (p=0.001) were significantly higher. The psoriasis area severity index (PASI) correlated positively with 3-hydroxykynurenine and kynurenic acid.

Conclusions

Kynurenine metabolites are associated with the pathophysiology of psoriasis and could serve as valuable candidate markers for monitoring inflammation.
Deadwood Diversity of Boreal and Sub-boreal Old-growth Forests in Southern Finland
Authors: De Meo Isabella , Pastorelli Roberta , Vitali Francesco , Paletto Alessandro
Published: December 2024

In the last century, old-growth forests in boreal and sub-boreal zone have decreased, along with their contribution to biological diversity. In order to carry on management strategies aimed at maintaining deadwood diversity in old-growth forests, it is fundamental to identify simply and readily measurable indicators. This study investigated the deadwood diversity in four old-growth forests in southern Finland. Five indicators of deadwood diversity (deadwood amount and diversity by species, component, decay class, water reservoir in logs) were estimated and analysed. The results showed an average deadwood volume of approximately 85±28 m3·ha−1 diversified by decay class and component. Besides, the results showed average Shannon index values four the four old-growth forests equal to 0.488 for deadwood species diversity, 0.932 for component diversity, and 1.286 for decay class diversity. The set of deadwood diversity indicators used in this study successfully supported the analysis of deadwood diversity in boreal and sub-boreal old-growth forests.
Investigation of Motivation Levels of Volunteers Participating in the 5th Islamic Solidarity Games in Terms of Various Variables
Authors: Arı Abdil , Topuz Ramazan , Sarıipek Tuncay
Published: December 2024

Background and Study Aim. In this context, the motivation data of the employees in sports organizations and the classified socio-demographic factors (gender, age, marital status, education status, income level, sports branch, taking part in sports organizations) were created based on the connections between the motivations of the forces.
Material and Methods. The model of the research was the relational survey model, one of the survey models. The sample group of the research consists of 487 sports volunteer students, 288 women and 199 men, participating in the 5th Islamic Solidarity Games, one of the international sports organizations held in Turkey in 2022. In the research “Volunteer Motivation Scale for International Sports Organizations”, which is a Demographic information form was used for data collection. While SPSS 25.0 package program was used for statistical analysis evaluation, descriptive and demonstrative statistical techniques were used in the analysis of the data.
Results. Volunteers participating in the research were asked to provide data on gender, age, marital status, educational status, income level, sports branch and sports volunteering experiences. In the study, significant differences were found between the motivations of the volunteers and their gender, age, marital status, education level, income level, having a license in a sports branch and taking part in a sports organization voluntarily before. The analysis revealed significant differences between volunteers' motivation and gender, age, marital status, education level, income level, having a license in a sports branch, and previous volunteering experience in a sports event.Based on this situation, it is concluded that when the wishes and needs of the volunteers are met, their motivation will increase.
The Relationship Between Horizontal Push-Off and Land-Based Vertical Jump During Tumble Turns in Freestyle Swimming
Authors: Oz Yildiz , Gülmez İrfan , Yılmaz Semih , Cumbur Cansel , Şanlı Göktuğ , Bozdoğan Kurt Zeynep , Sani Fatih , Gerçek Nejla , Ramazanoğlu Nusret
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the horizontal push-off against the pool wall and the land-based vertical jump performance during the tumble turn in freestyle swimming technique. Twenty-one young male swimmers (age:15.7±1.53 years; height:176.3±7.07 cm; body weight:63.7±7.61 kg) with at least four years of swimming training experience were participated in the study. In this study, the swimmers were tested on land and in the water. To examine the land based vertical jump performance, the countermovement jump, and the drop-jump (25 cm height) tests were performed. In the pool tests, the swimming times at 20 m, 25 m and, 5 m after the tumble turn were recorded. The relationship between land based and in water performance were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Test. A significant relationship was found between the tuck index and the drop jump height (p<0.05). A strong positive correlation was found between the tuck index angle, the 25 m swimming time, and the average speed for the last 5 m before the turn (p<0,05). As a result, it was investigated that increasing the vertical jump training and the land-based training can also increase the swimming performance. It is recommended that swimming coaches include lower extremity vertical strength training exercises on land in training programs.
YAPAY ZEKA SİSTEMLERİ KULLANILARAK YAPILAN İŞLEME FAALİYETLERİNDE KİŞİSEL VERİLERİN KORUNMASI
Authors: Badur Emel
Published: December 2024

Günümüz şartlarında teknolojik gelişmelerin takip edilmesi güç bir hızla gerçek-leştiği, dijital ortamın en az yüz yüze ilişkiler kadar günlük hayatın içine girdiği ve bunların sonucunda yapay zeka uygulamalarının hem günlük yaşantı hem de mesleki-ticari faaliyetler çerçevesinde giderek yaygınlaştığı yadsınamaz. Ya-pay zeka sistemleri tarafından toplanan, analiz edilen ve bir takım sonuçlara ulaşılmasını sağlayan -hatta deyim yerindeyse yapay zekayı besleyen- verilerin büyük bir kısmı gerçek kişilere aittir. Yapay zeka alanında yaşanan bu gelişme-ler, kişisel verilerin yapa zeka karşısında korunmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Kişi-sel verilerin yapay zeka tarafından işlenmesi söz konusu olduğunda, ilgili kişi-nin profillenmesine ve onun hakkında otomatik karar alınmasına özenle yakla-şılması gerekmektedir. KVKK’nın ilgili kişinin haklarının düzenlendiği 11/1/g maddesinde herkesin “İşlenen verilerin münhasıran otomatik sistemler vasıtasıyla analiz edilmesi suretiyle kişinin kendisi aleyhine bir sonucun ortaya çıkmasına itiraz etme” hakkına sahip olduğu düzenlenmiştir. Başka bir ifadeyle yasa koyucu, profilleme ve otomatik karar alma terimlerini tanımlamadan (ve hatta bu terim-leri kullanmadan) ilgili kişinin bu tür işleme faaliyetlerine itiraz hakkı olduğunu düzenlemekle yetinmiştir.
The Light Verse between Philosophy and Sufism: A Comparative Analysis of the Interpretations by Ibn Sīnā and al-Ghazālī
Authors: Yaman Hikmet
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes two treatises written from philosophical and Sufi perspectives as interpretations of the Light Verse (āyat al-nūr) (Q.24:35), namely Risāla fī Ithbāt al-Nubuwwāt and Mishkāt al-Anwār. They were authored by Ibn Sīnā (d. 428/1037) and Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī (d. 505/1111) respectively, two exceptional authoritative scholarly figures of Islamic sciences with a very high representative power with their writings in diverse dimensions of philosophical and Sufi studies. The article examines the epistemological implications of the philosophical and Sufi ontological designs expressed in the treatises and compares their contents concerning the origin and beginning of existence and the relationship between God and all other beings. The article particularly concentrates on the interpretations regarding the following fundamental questions addressed in the treatises: What is the origin and reality of existence? What kind of ontological and epistemological relationships are there between different kinds of beings? Moreover, what kind of ontological and epistemological connections are there between God and man?
Ibn Sina presents masterful examples of philosophical and religious symbolism in his treatise. The central intellectual theme of this work is the possibility and necessity of prophecy. He presents expositions on this subject-matter in his other works too, but we do not witness in his other books another example of him discussing the issue in full detail by focusing on a single qur’ānic verse. The semantic horizons of his expressions in the treatise go far beyond the conventional peripatetic formulations centered on logic: he speaks of spiritual pleasures and happiness, worship, acts of worship, ascetic practices, and spiritual purification. Al-Ghazālī also wrote an independent commentary on the Light Verse. His interpretations of the verse seem to be mostly following the Sufi tradition. However, as the article illustrates with multiple examples, al-Ghazālī’s statements closely resemble Ibn Sīnā’s formulations in both the structure and arrangement of his explanations and their content. Therefore, the relationship between these two treatises appears to be one of complementarity, offering two interrelated perspectives rather than presenting opposing or contradictory ontological and epistemological theories. This study aims to make a modest contribution to the relevant academic studies in Islamic philosophy and Sufism by analyzing the philosophical and Sufi contexts and implications of the statements in these two treatises concerning the Light Verse.
İslam Hukukunda Tartılarak İşlem Gören (Veznî) Mallarla İlgili Hükümlerin Analizi
Authors: Hacak Hasan
Published: December 2024

Hanefi ve Hanbelilerin ribâ konusundaki yasakla ilgili tespit ettikleri illet doğrultusunda veznî mal olan ve para niteliği taşıyan dinar ve dirhemin diğer veznî mallarla aynı kategoride yani veznîlik noktasında birleşmeleri bu iki mezhebin faizin illeti teorileri açısından önemli sorunlar üretmiştir. Bu makalenin ana odak noktasını bu sorunlar ve bu iki mezhebin bu soruları aşmak için geliştirdikleri gerekçeleri inceler. Bunların en önemlisi iki veznî malın vadeli değişimiyle ilgilidir. Özellikle de altın ve gümüşten birinin sermaye, piyasada bolca bulunan diğer veznî mallardan birinin ise selem akdinin konusu olduğu durumlarda vade/nesâ faizi doğmakta ve bu işlem yasak olmaktadır. Ancak bu yasaklık ticari hayatta büyük bir zorluk doğurabilecek, piyasa önemli ölçüde kilitlenecektir. Faizin illeti teorisinde muhalif görüşte olanlar bu tür selem işlemlerinin adeta icmâ ile serbest bırakılmış olduğunu ve dolayısıyla Hanefi ve Hanbelilerin bu konudaki illet anlayışının hatalı olduğunu ileri sürmüştür. Hanefi ve Hanbelilerin bir yandan kendi illet teorilerini korumak, bir yandan da özellikle altın ve gümüş paranın sermaye; diğer veznî malın ise selem konusu olduğu bu akde cevaz vermek için ortaya attıkları teoriler ve gerekçeler bu çalışmada genişçe ele alınmıştır. Bu iki mezhep bu duruma karşı illetin tahsisi, paranın mahiyetiyle diğer veznî malların mahiyetinin farklı oluşu, burada ribâ şüphesi bulunmadığı vb. birtakım argümanlar ileri sürmüşlerdir ki bunların tatmin edici çözümler olup olmadığı tartışmalıdır.
Makale yukarıdaki sorunu ele almadan önce vezni malları daha yakından tanımak için mislî–kıyemî mal ayrımında, mislî malların en önemli türü olan, miktarı ağırlık ölçü birimiyle belirlenen veznî/mevzûn mallarla ilgili hükümleri inceler. Fıkıhtaki faiz yasağının da etkisiyle mislî mallar alt kategorilere ayrılmıştır: veznî, keylî, adedî, zer‘î. İslam hukukçularından önemli bir kesimine (Hanefiler, Hanbeliler ve Zeydiler) göre ribe’l-fadl denilen fazlalık faizi bir malın veznî ya da keylî olmasıyla; vade faizi ise kural olarak dört mislî mal türünden birinden olmakla ilgili olduğu için mislî malların bu alt ayrımları önem taşır.
Dostoevsky’s Trip to Darovoye in 1877 (“Holy Memories”, “Zipuns” and “Onion”)
Authors: Viktorovich Vladimir
Published: December 2024

The article introduces into scientific circulation a fragment of F. M. Dostoevsky’s workbook, incorrectly read in the writer’s academic edition. It is a kind of diary of Dostoevsky’s visit to his parental estate Darovoye on July 20–21, 1877. The “personal” draft entry includes a number of ideas for subsequent contemplation; they reflect childhood memories and topics of conversations with Darovoye peasants. All of them will be expanded in the “A Writer's Diary” (July–August 1877 and January 1881) and in the novel “The Brothers Karamazov.” Here, Dostoevsky formulated the problematic issues of the reform era, on which, in his opinion, the fate of the country depended: the family issue, the disorganization of landowners’ estates, the weak position of the nobility, the peasants’ bad habits, chaos in agriculture and land ownership, etc. The places familiar since childhood and the landlords and peasants who received him affectionately — all this made it possible to see the causes and motifs of crisis phenomena hidden from outsiders’ eyes. In the end, the writer came out on the topic of preserving the people and the fundamental Christian values that are redemptive for them. It is suggested and argued that Dostoevsky heard the legend of the “onion,” later included in the novel “The Brothers Karamazov,” during this trip, a fact that was recorded in a draft entry indicating the “Russian” specifics of the legend. The trip to Darovoye, therefore, was the realization of the writer’s soil program, his call to the educated class to hear the voice of the people.
Why Did Dostoevsky Name Pushkin “the Main Slavophile of Russia”
Authors: Iudin Daniil
Published: December 2024

Pushkin’s presence was inevitable in Vladimir Meshchersky and Fyodor Dostoevsky’s “Grazhdanin” (“The Citizen”) (1872–1874). In addition to media news, the weekly published articles that were of exceptional importance in the literary concerns of the editor and publisher Dostoevsky. In the articles of 1873–1874, the critics of “Grazhdanin” expressed the general position of the editors. In assessing current events in art and literature, they proceeded from the fact that Pushkin’s artistic discoveries were a measure of the talent and creativity of contemporary authors. Dostoevsky insisted on Pushkin’s national and global significance. Of great importance in the development of the Pushkin theme was Mikhail Pogodin’s article “On the Question of the Slavophiles,” in which the critic gave an original answer to the question of who the Slavophiles were and what their achievements consisted of. Slavophilism was not a doctrinaire teaching; the Slavophiles did not demand unanimity in their judgments. Sometimes they argued, but this did not negate the general direction. Slavophile Pogodin called many outstanding poets, critics, philosophers and publicists Slavophiles: not only Khomyakov, the Kireevsky brothers and Aksakov, but also Pushkin and his associates, Gogol, Dahl, Fet, Dostoevsky, Leo Tolstoy and others. From his point of view, they all shaped Slavophilism as an ideology and a literary and philosophical school. Over the course of his life, Dostoevsky had different attitudes towards the Slavophiles. In the 1840s, he looked at the Moscow Slavophiles through the eyes of Belinsky. In penal servitude, his convictions were transformed. He developed his own ideology — pochvennichestvo. In the magazine polemics of the early 1860s, Dostoevsky sharply argued with the Westernizers and Slavophiles. A decisive change in his attitude towards the Slavophiles occurred in the 1870s. In "The Citizen" and later in “The Writer’s Diary,” Dostoevsky admitted that he shared Slavophile beliefs. In order to admit that he was a Slavophile, he had to identify himself with Khomyakov and the Aksakovs. In his notebooks for “The Writer’s Diary” for 1876, Dostoevsky summarized Pogodin’s polemics about the Slavophiles with the judgment that Pushkin was “Russia’s most important Slavophile.” He later developed this judgment in his Pushkin speech, presenting the poet and prophet as “the universal man.” Dostoevsky emphasized that the ideas of the new word in his speech belonged not to him, but to all Slavophilism. At the moment of his and Pushkin’s triumph, the Slavophiles themselves recognized him and Pushkin as Slavophiles.
Application of Artificial Intelligence for Swarm Systems Managment
Authors:   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kravchuk O.A. , Samoilov V.D. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The use of artificial intelligence methods in swarm systems of unmanned aerial vehicles is studied. The basic artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that ensure adaptive and intelligent swarm behavior are presented, and their application in real-world scenarios is analyzed. Par-ticular attention is paid to the current problems and limitations of swarm systems, such as sys-tem scalability, communication reliability, adaptation to a dynamic environment, etc. Promis-ing directions for the development of AI-based algorithms aimed at increasing the efficiency, stability, and survivability of swarms are outlined.
Analysis of Optimizing Database Performance Methods
Authors:   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gerasimov V.R. , Dusheba V.V. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

An in-depth analysis of modern database optimization methods to improve their performance, reliability, and scalability is carried out. The main attention is paid to relational (Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL) and NoSQL databases (MongoDB, Redis, Cassandra), which are wide-ly used for data management. Key approaches to optimization are discussed, including design-ing efficient database schemas, normalization and denormalization, use of indexes, caching, sharding, and replication. Particular attention is paid to the importance of choosing the right database management system according to the type of information and specifics of queries, which significantly affects performance. Methods of optimizing SQL queries and client appli-cations to reduce server load are analyzed. The balance between data integrity and data access speed is analyzed, which is critical for modern database management systems.
Nonmetal doped TiO2 nanostructures: preparation, chemical states of dopants, properties
Authors:   L.V. Pisazhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 31 Nauky Aven., Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine, Romanovska N.I. , Manoryk P.A.
Published: December 2024

In this work, hydrofluoric acid and ammonium hydrofluoride were used as fluorine precursors, and thiourea and sulfuric acid - as sulfur precursors, and the phase composition, morphology, texture, and electronic structure of non-metals doped TiO2 nanostructures compared, the chemical state of dopants in the obtained materials was examined, and the influence of the specified factors on photocatalytic activity in the processes of photodegradation of complex organic compounds, for example on antibiotic of the tetracycline series – doxycycline, was stadied. It is shown that hydrofluoric acid and thiourea lead to the formation of anatase, while at low ratios of ammonium hydrofluoride to titanium butoxide, anatase heterostructures with brukite are formed, and at high ratios of sulfuric acid to titanium butoxide, the formation of the crystalline phase of titanyl sulfate is observed. It was determined that hydrofluoric acid causes the formation Sheet-like morphology, and the presence of sulfuric acid in the sol-gel reaction mixture leads to the formation of spheroidal particles, which at small ratios of sulfuric acid to titanium butoxide form loosely agglomerated particles of spheroidal morphology, which are formed from anatase crystallites. The photocatalytic activity of codoped TiO2 nanostructures in the doxycycline photodegradation process under UV and visible light irradiation was investigated and it was established that under UV light irradiation the activity mainly depends on the phase composition and crystallite sizes, while under visible light irradiation the activity depends from the interstitual dopants content that increase the materials sensitivity to visible light. It was established that nitrogen, carbon and fluorine co-doped TiO2 nanostructures obtained in the presence of ammonium hydrofluoride are characterized by the presence of surface Ti-F groups and interstitual carbon and surface carbonate, while carbon and sulfur co-doped TiO2 nanostructures obtained in the presence of thiourea after hydrothermal treatment contain Ti-SH groups, which are oxidized as a result of calcination at 450 °C are oxidized with the formation of interstitual sulfur (S6+) and surface sulfate.
Hydrogenolysis of disaccharides into propylene glycol on copper-containing oxides
Authors:   Institute of Sorption and Problems of Endoecology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Varvarin A.M. , Horbaniuk I.S. , Trachevskiy V.V. ,   Technical center of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 13 Pokrovska Str., Kyiv, 04070, Ukraine, Brei V.V.
Published: December 2024

The hydrogenolysis of 10 % methanol-water solutions of sucrose and maltose to propylene glycol on supported copper-containing catalysts in flow reactor was studied. The highest concentration of propylene glycol in the reaction products (0.23 mmol/ml) has been obtained in the hydrogenolysis of sucrose on 23Cu-1Cr2O3/Al2O3 catalyst with its full conversion at 170 °C/4.0 MPa H2 and a load on catalyst of 0.8 mmol С12Н22О11/gcat/h. At that, the catalyst productivity towards propylene glycol consists 0.7 mmol/gcat/h. Hydrogenolysis of maltose in these conditions is characterized by 81 % conversion and low (0.04 mmol/ml) concentration of propylene glycol in the reaction products. The main byproducts of sucrose hydrogenolysis are ethylene glycol, hydroxyacetone, 1,2-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol and sorbitol. Concentration of propylene glycol in the reaction products of sucrose hydrogenolysis on 23Cu-1Cr2O3/Al2O3 does not change significantly (0.23-0.18 mmol/ml) during 18 h of catalyst operation. Сomparison of the productivities of 23Cu-1Cr2O3/Al2O3 catalyst to propylene glycol in hydrogenolysis of 10 % solutions of sucrose (0.7 mmol/gcat/h) and glucose (0.9 mmol/gcat/h) suggests that glucose is more suitable for the production of propylene glycol than studied disaccharides.
Synthesis of imidazoline derivatives – the active basis of anticorrosion agents
Authors:   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 50 Kharkivske shausse, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, Kartun I.M. , Kochirko B.F. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Ihor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37 Beresteyskyi Avenue, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Synthesis of the active base of a solid corrosion inhibitor for the protection of underground equipment of gas condensate and oil wells, namely, 1-amido-hydroxystearate-diethylenediamine-2-hydroxystearyl-imidazoline and ethylene-bis-2-hydroxystearyl-imidazoline is described. Imidazoline derivatives have been obtained by condensation of triethyltetramine with 12-hydroxystearic acid at different temperatures. Analysis of the reaction products by 1H NMR spectroscopy and chromatography-mass spectrometry is presented, with confirmation of the formation of target products at each stage of synthesis. It was found that when the reaction is carried out at 280 ℃, a significant amount of ethylene-bis-2-hydroxystearyl-imidazoline is formed. The perspective of using a technical mixture of 1-amido-hydroxystearate-diethylenediamine-2-hydroxystearyl-imidazoline and ethylene-bis-2-hydroxystearyl-imidazoline for anti-corrosion protection of oil pipelines is demonstrated.
STATE GOVERNANCE OF SPACE ACTIVITIES: THE GLOBAL EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE
Authors:   V. M. Koretsky Institute of State and Law of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Malysheva N. R. , Hurova A. M. ,   V. M. Koretsky Institute of State and Law of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the organization of state governance of space activities in Ukraine and in the world. The
authors emphasize that proper organization of governance implies the existence of structures capable of performing relevant
tasks that meet the socio-economic, environmental and cultural needs of the state, as well as the requirements for ensuring its
security and defense. The effectiveness of public administration depends on a clear division of functions and powers between
management structures, as well as compliance with the principles of subsidiarity and legal certainty which prevent duplication
of powers and optimizes the use of resources.
The article examines various approaches to the organization of space management in the world’s leading space powers, such
as the United States, Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Turkey, China, Japan, India, South Korea,
Israel, the United Arab Emirates, South Africa, Nigeria, Australia, and New Zealand. It is noted that single-tier management
systems, where there is a single space agency directly subordinated to the highest executive body, operate in states where space
activities are a priority for sustainable development. In most countries, however, space agencies are integrated into the system of
ministries responsible for broader development areas.
Analyzing the system of space activity management in Ukraine, the authors note that it has undergone numerous trans-
formations over the past 30 years, but is not effective today. This is largely due to the imperfect legal regulation of the relevant
relations, the presence of a large number of regulatory inconsistencies and contradictions. The authors propose ways to improve
the structural and functional support of this system, taking into account both our own historical experience, domestic needs,
opportunities and challenges, and maximizing the use of positive foreign experience.
Traditionalism in China’s State Governance: Regional Specificity
Authors: Kremnyov Evgeniy V. , Deriugin Pavel P. , Lebedintseva Lyubov A. , Kuznetsova Olga V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the increasing importance and influence of global and, at the same time, regional processes on the process of governance. The purpose of the article is to identify the regional specifics of traditionalism as a systemic phenomenon in the processes of state governance in China; in this case, we consider China as a region participating in global and transregional relations.
Materials and Methods. The study is based on sociologist R. Redfield’s concept of social organization tradition, which distinguished between “big” and “small” traditions, and the adaptation of this concept in Chinese sociology. In order to identify the relationship between traditionalism and Chinese specificity of public administration in their historical aspect and to determine the current region-specific trends of traditionalism’s influence on public administration, scientific studies of Chinese sociologists were analyzed.
Results. In particular, the systemic characteristics of traditionalism are examined along two interrelated dimensions: philosophical, which determines the value orientations of society, and practical, which aims to ensure stable social interaction. Special attention is paid to the “great state tradition”, which in modern Asia with China as an example manifests itself in the adaptation of traditional management concepts to modern conditions. The processes of penetration of traditional values into political discourse and ideology are studied, emphasizing that modern traditionalism is not a return to the past, but a tool for searching for arguments in the past to actualize modern managment concepts.
Discussion and conclusion. The regional specificity of state governance is largely determined by the “big state tradition”, which remains a significant factor of the governance system in China, influences the “little tradition” and seeks ways to adapt to it. The practical significance of the article lies in the possibility of using its results in planning interaction with administrative departments and public structures of the PRC.