bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of Sudanese Maternal Deaths
Authors: Mohammed Nezar Mohammed Kheir , Ahmed Taha Umbeli , Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed Ibrahim , Abdelrahman Nahla Ahmed Mohammad , Hamad Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed
Published: September 2022

Background: The fifth Millennium Development Goal aims for a decrease in maternal mortality and universal access to high-quality reproductive health care. Every year, around a third of a million women die as a result of pregnancy-related complications. Three-quarters of these deaths might have been avoided. One of the most important markers of mother and child health care is the Maternal Mortality Ratio. One of the most significant aims of the national family welfare program is to reduce maternal fatalities are thought to be preventable. Objective: The study's focus is to document, investigate, and report the events and circumstances behind maternal fatalities, as well as to study maternal deaths in River Nile State in order to identify the maternal mortality rate and causes of death. Methodology: This is a hospital and community-based research that took place from January to December 2018 at River Nile State. Information on every maternal death was obtained using a questionnaire which was filled out and rechecked to completely cover State, and then analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The overall number of live births was 25988, with 29 incidents of maternal death. 112/100000 live births was the death rate. 27 of the patients (93%) died in a hospital, whereas two instances (7%) died at home. Obstetric hemorrhage was the leading cause of maternal death in seven cases (24.1%), followed by hypertensive disorders in seven cases (24.1%), sepsis in four cases (17.2%), indirect obstetric causes in three cases (10.3%), embolism (PE & AFE) in three cases (10.3%), unclassified causes in four cases (13.7%), and abortion in one case (3.4 %). The bulk of the cases were delayed at home (14 cases, 48.3%), with 10 cases (34.4%) having no delay and five (17.2%) being delayed in reaching hospitals. Unfortunately, 19 instances (65.5%) died as a result of preventable causes. Conclusion: In 2018, the maternal death rate in River Nile State was 112/100,000 live births, which was higher than in the previous report. Maternal fatalities were mostly caused by hemorrhage, hypertensive diseases, and sepsis. The bulk of deaths were postponed until they reached their final destination.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA KARYAWAN PADA SHOOROOM RAJA MOTOR MEDAN
Authors: Siregar Aulia Rahman , Tukimin Tukimin , Habra Mhd. Dani
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh antara motivasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan pada Shooroom Raja Motor Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan kuantitatif dengan sampel sebanyak 30 orang karyawan pada Shooroom Raja Motor Medan. Penelitian ini berlangsung dengan cara memberikan kuesioner kepada para karyawan Shooroom Raja Motor Medan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil bahwa faktor motivasi dan disiplin kerja memberikan pengaruh terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan, yang ditunjukkan dari hasil regresi berganda Y = 0,531+ 0,339X1 + 0,595X2 + e. Hasil dari uji parsial (uji t) motivasi terhadap prestasi karyawan diperoleh nilai thitung = 2,325>1,70 dan nilai uji parsial (uji t) disiplin kerja diperoleh nilai thitung= 4,199>1,70, hal ini terlihat bahwa secara parsial faktor motivasi dan disiplin kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan pada Shooroom Raja Motor Medan, selain itu pada uji F didapatkan hasil bahwa Fhitung>Ftabel (40,636>3,354) dengan tingkat probability (0,01<0,05). Diperoleh nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,751 artinya motivasi dan disiplin kerja mampu meningkatkan prestasi kerja pada  Shooroom Raja Motor Medan  dengan nilai r 75,1% dan sisanya 24,9% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain diluar penelitian.
ANALYSIS OF VILLAGE FUNDABSORPTION FOR COMMUNITY POVERTY RELIEF IN THE ENDE REGENCY OF NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR PROVINCE
Authors: Agustinus Hanny Wadhi  , Hakiman Thamrin
Published: September 2022

This study investigates the use of Village Fundto reduce community poverty in Ende Regency, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province (NTT). The sample size for this study is 255 villages in Ende Regency that publish comprehensive financial reports for the fiscal years 2017 to 2020. Panel data analysis was used to assess this study, in which research participants were chosen, processed, and analyzed to determine the independent variables, namely Village Fundand Fund Allocations. Poverty is the dependent variable in the village. According to the findings of this study, partial absorption of the Village Fund Allocation (ADD) has no influence on community poverty in the 255 villages of Ende Regency, and the Village Fund has no substantial effect on community poverty in Ende.
KEYWORDS: Village Fund Allocation (ADD), Village Fund, Poverty
EXAMINING THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNAL FACTORS OF AN INVESTOR IN DRIVING THE INVESTMENT DECISION
Authors: Novel Muhammad  , Najmudin Najmudin  , Retno Kurniasih
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of internal psychological factors driving on investor’s investment decision making. The internal psychological factors of investor discussed as the research objects are financial literacy, loss aversion, and overconfidence. Data were collected from questionnaires and fulfilled by investors registered at securities companies in Central Java, Indonesia. Applying multiple regression approach, the results suggest that investor’s financial literacy drives positively in making investment decision; investor’s loss aversion drives negatively in making investment decision, and investor’s overconfidence does not drive in making investment decision. As the implication, market participants should consider financial behavior of investors in observing stock price movement to achieve higher stock returns. Moreover, stock exchange institutions should include the internal psychological factors of investor in formulating their policy to enhance stock market development.
KEYWORDS: investment decision, financial literacy, loss aversion, overconfidence.
Ecological Studies of Wolves on Isle Royale Annual Report 2021-2022
Authors: Hoy Sarah , Peterson Rolf , Vucetich John
Published: September 2022

SUMMARY OF FIELD OPERATIONS Over the past year, fieldwork resumed at pre-pandemic levels. In February 2022, the wolf population was likely comprised of 28 wolves. This is an increase from the next most recent estimate of 12-14 wolves, made 24 months earlier in March 2020 (Fig. 1). The wolf population appears to be primarily organized as two main socia groups—an eastern pack consisting of at least 13 wolves and a western pack most likel consisting of 13 wolves—and two wolves that may not be part of either pack. There is evidence that pups were born to both packs in April 2021. For context, there is also evidence that one litter of pup was born in 2019 and two litters were born in 2020. Wolves appear to be an important cause of mortality for moose once again. In particular, this past year, the proportion of the moose population killed by wolves (i.e., the predation rate) was 8.7 percent. That rate is almost twice as high as the predation rate observed in 2020 (4.5 percent) and it is the highest predation rate observed since 2011. Overall, the new population of wolves on Isle Royale appear to be well-established and functioning healthily. Over the past year, the U.S. National Park Service (NPS) continued its efforts to outfit a small proportion of the wolf population with GPS radio collars to help monitor the recovering population. The estimated abundance of moose declined by 28 percent, from 1,876 to 1,346, between February 2020 and February 2022. Longer-term population trends suggest that the moose population had increased greatly over an eight-year period (2011-2019) but then started to decline over the last few years. The decline in moose abundance is likely a consequence of several factors, including higher predation rates by wolves, severe burdens of parasites (winter ticks), and a shortage of winter forage, indicated in part by an unusually high number of moose dying from malnutrition over the past two years. That shortage of winter forage, specifically balsam fir, is likely due to a combination of intense browsing by moose in previous years and recent defoliation due to budworm (moth larvae) in some regions of the park. In February 2022, 19 moose were outfitted with GPS collars so their movements and behavior can be monitored, adding to the 45 moose radio-collared between 2019 and 2020. For more information, visit isleroyalewolf.org and “Wolves and Moose of Isle Royale” on Facebook and Instagram.
Identifikasi miskonsepsi menggunakan two-tier multiple choice pada konsep partikel materi untuk peserta didik kelas IX
Authors: Candraningrum Erika , Sidauruk Suandi , Abudarin Abudarin
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan miskonsepsi peserta didik pada konsep partikel materi dengan menggunakan instrumen tes diagnostik berbentuk pilihan ganda two-tier. Penelitian ini melibatkan 300 peserta didik kelas IX dari MTsN 1 dan MTsN 2 Kota Palangka Raya. Instrument pada penelitian ini merupakan test diagnostic two-tier multiple choice (pilihan ganda beralasan) yang diberi nama TDPM (tes diagnostic partikel materi). Konsep yang diidentifikasi merupakan konsep partikel materi dengan 5 subkonsep yaitu atom, partikel penyusun materi, teori atom, konfigurasi elektron, dan ion. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa miskonsepsi peserta didik MTsN 1 pada konsep partikel materi sebesar 57,51%. Dengan 41,23% miskonsepsi pada konsep atom, 53,34% miskonsepsi pada konsep partikel penyusun atom, 36,65% miskonsepsi pada konsep teori atom, 92,05% miskonsepsi pada konsep konfigurasi elektron, 64,3% miskonsepsi pada konsep ion. Miskonsepsi pada MTsN 2 sebesar 60,3%. Dengan 41,17% miskonsepsi pada konsep atom, 59,42% miskonsepsi pada konsep partikel penyusun atom, 38,49% miskonsepsi pada konsep teori atom, 91,6% miskonsepsi pada konsep konfigurasi elektron, 66,6% miskonsepsi pada konsep ion.
Pengembangan LKPD berbasis discovery learning pada konsep reaksi reduksi oksidasi di Kelas X SMAN 1 Marikit
Authors: Fahdiani Dina , Abudarin Abudarin , Fatah Abdul Hadjranul
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan LKPD berbasis discovery learning pada konsep reaksi reduksi oksidasi yang telah diuji kelayakannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Four-D (4D) yang diadaptasi dari Thiagarajan. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas X MIPA dan X IPS 1 SMAN 1 Marikit yang berjumlah 54 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan meliputi angket kelayakan LKPD, angket kesesuaian sintak DL, angket keterbacaan, soal pre-test, serta soal post-test. Data hasil tes dan hasil angket dianalisis secara deskriptif. LKPD yang dikembangkan dan soal pretes-posttes divalidasi terlebih dahulu sebelum digunakan pada proses pembelajaran. Mengukur aktivitas belajar peserta didik menggunakan hasil mengerjakan LKPD berbasis discovery learning, dan mengukur pemahaman konsep dengan nilai pretes-posttes. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa: (1) LKPD berbasis discovery learning dinyatakan sangat layak dengan persentase sebesar 95,50% dan kesesuaian isi LKPD dengan sintak discovery learning sebesar 95,00%, (2) keterbacaan LKPD secara perorangan sebesar 90% dan secara kelompok 88% diartikan sebagai mudah dipahami, (3) LKPD berbasis discovery learning dinyatakan sangat efektif dalam memandu aktivitas belajar dengan persentase keberhasilan sebesar 95,63%, (4) LKPD berbasis discovery learning efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep peserta didik dengan nilai N-gain sebesar 0,75, (5) LKPD berbasis discovery learning berkorelasi positif terhadap pemahaman konsep dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 96,61%.
Pengaruh disiplin kerja, pengawasan pimpinan dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai di Rektorat Universitas Palangka Raya
Authors: Amelia Regina , Mantikei Bambang , Syamsudin Achmad
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) menganalisis pengaruh disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai di Lingkungan Rektorat Universitas Palangka Raya; (2) menganalisis pengaruh pengawasan pimpinan terhadap kinerja pegawai di Lingkungan Rektorat Universitas Palangka Raya; (3) menganalisis pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai di Lingkungan Rektorat Universitas Palangka Raya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 63 pegawai di Lingkungan Rektorat Universitas Palangka Raya dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode analisis statistika deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial dengan pengujian menggunakan dukungan aplikasi SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel-variabel disiplin kerja, pengawasan pimpinan, dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Implikasi penelitian untuk manajemen dengan membangun engagement yang kuat terhadap staf dengan cara meningkatkan disiplin kerja, pengawasan, dan menyediakan lingkungan kerja yang nyaman agar dapat meningkatkan kenyamanan dan konsentrasi dalam bekerja sehingga hasil kinerja akan menjadi lebih baik dan mendukung untuk berprestasi.
Determining the Effect of Return on Equity (ROE) on Price EarningsRatio (PER) and Price to Book Value (PBV) in LQ45 companies,Indonesia
Authors: Badruzaman Jajang , Fadilah Adil Ridlo , Abdurrahman Fauzi
Published: September 2022

This research was conducted to determine the effect of Return on Equity (ROE) on Price Earnings Ratio (PER) and Price to Book Value (PBV) in LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The data studied were financial reports published by 37 companies for four periods, namely 2015 to 2018. The data processing program uses the Eviews 9 program. The contribution of this article is to support investment decisions. The processing results show that ROE has a positive and significant effect on PER. and ROE has a positive and significant effect on PBV. Both are shown by the results of data processing in a positive correlation coefficient and beta coefficient. This correlation shows that in investors making investment decisions, ROE is used to make investment decisions. Then ROE will have an impact on company value. The higher the ROE, the higher the firm value will be. Furthermore, other factors influence PER and PBV, namely dividend playout ratio, return on assets, profit margin, inflation, interest rates, economic conditions, and company competition, both similar and different.
Las mascotas y el desarrollo emocional o salud de los niños y adolescentes
Authors: Castaño Elizabeth
Published: September 2022

La infuencia de las mascotas al interactuar con el ser humano ya se describe en la antigua Grecia, a las personas con enfermedades incurables para levantar su amor propio, se daban paseos a caballo y en China existe una pintura titulada Primavera que data de 1.250 a. C. en la que se ilustra el uso del perro como guía para personas con discapacidad visual. Sin embargo no fue hasta mediados del siglo XVIII que los animales empiezan a verse como un “agente socializador” cuando John Locke (1699) lósofo y médico inglés, sugirió que habría que dar a los niños “un perro, una ardilla, pájaros, u otros” animales para “promover el desarrollo de sentimientos y de la responsabilidad”
The Prolific Thermonuclear X-Ray Bursts from the Outburst of the Newly Discovered Millisecond Pulsar MAXI J1816–195 Observed by Insight-HXMT and NICER
Authors: Chen Yu-Peng , Zhang Shu , Ji Long , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Wang Peng-Ju , Kong Ling-Da , Chang Zhi , Peng Jing-Qiang , Shui Qing-Cang , Li Jian , Tao Lian , Ge Ming-Yu , Qu Jin-Lu
Published: September 2022

MAXI J1816–195 is a newly discovered accreting millisecond pulsar with prolific thermonuclear bursts, detected during its outburst in 2022 June by Insight-HXMT and NICER. During the outburst, Insight-HXMT detected 73 bursts in its peak and decay phase, serving as a prolific burst system found in the accreting millisecond pulsars. By analyzing one burst that was simultaneously detected by Insight-HXMT and NICER, we find a mild deviation from the conventional blackbody model. By stacking the Insight-HXMT light curves of 66 bursts that have similar profiles and intensities, a hard X-ray shortage is detected with a significance of 15.7σ in 30–100 keV. The shortage is about 30% of the persistent flux, which is low compared with other bursters. The shortage fraction is energy-dependent: larger in a higher energy band. These findings make the newly discovered millisecond MAXI J1816–195 a rather peculiar system compared with other millisecond pulsars and atoll bursters. In addition, based on the brightest burst, we derive an upper limit of the distance as 6.3 kpc, and therefore estimate the upper limit of the inner-disk radius of the accretion disk to be ∼40 km. Assuming the radius as the magnetospheric radius, the derived magnetic field strength is about 7.1 × 108 G.
Evidence that Interaction with the Spacecraft Plasma Wake Generates Plasma Waves Close to the Electron Cyclotron Frequency in the Near-Sun Solar Wind
Authors: Malaspina David M. , Tigik Sabrina F. , Vaivads Andris
Published: September 2022

Prior observations of the near-Sun solar wind (sunward of 0.25 au) identified frequent, intense plasma waves near the local electron cyclotron frequency (f
ce), and its harmonics. In this Letter, it is shown that near-f
ce wave properties are consistent with generation via interaction between the observing spacecraft’s ion wake and the ambient plasma and magnetic fields. This result implies that many observed near-f
ce waves are not intrinsic to the unobstructed solar wind flow, and therefore are unlikely to play a significant role in the dynamic evolution of particle distributions in the solar wind.
Mayfly Ephemera glaucops (Ephemeroptera, Ephemeridae) recorded in the Czech Republic after almost a century
Authors: Sroka Pavel , Bojková Jindřiška , Kolar Vojtech
Published: September 2022

The mayfly Ephemera (Sinephemera) glaucops Pictet, 1843 has been considered regionally extinct in the Czech Republic, with the last occurrence dating from 1933. Its extinction was connected with the anthropogenic changes of lowland rivers, forming the original habitat of E. glaucops within the area of the Czech Republic. However, the species has been reported as spreading in man-made, often post-industrial waterbodies in Germany, The Netherlands and Austria since the 1970s.

We report E. glaucops from the Czech Republic, based on 27 larvae collected in the North Bohemia lignite basin in 2018. All individuals were found at one locality – a small kaolin pit in the shallow part near the shore, mostly without macrophytes. We provide details about the locality and morphological diagnostic characters of E. glaucops. This study highlights the importance of post-industrial sites for aquatic biodiversity as surrogate biotopes for degraded original habitats.
Beyond valuation. Monetary aggregates for the SEEA-EA. The Italian proposal
Authors: Femia Aldo , Capriolo Alessio
Published: September 2022

After years of experimentation, documents, meetings, consultations and negotiations, the SEEA EA re-ignited the debate on the monetary quantification of the value of nature. Now more than ever, there is a need for an original approach, able to align the SEEA EA to the principles of national accounting, to the relevant economic theory and to 'strong sustainability'. In this article, we outline a technically sound alternative to the currently dominant approach, namely "valuation" of ecosystem services (ESs). The basic idea is to recognise the specific meaning and usefulness of each of the numerous monetary estimates proposed for valuation, starting with those included in the SEEA EA, without forcing national accounting principles: we promote the transition from the narrow concept of "monetary value of ecosystem service" to the wider one of “monetary values connected to/dependent on ESs”. Nothing new in terms of evaluation techniques; only a simple, but rich in implications, innovation in terms of interpretation and conceptualisation of the values generated by existing monetary values estimation methods.
A new species of rupicolous Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Biligirirangan Hills of Southern India
Authors: Narayanan Surya , NA Aravind
Published: September 2022

We describe a new species of small-sized (SVL 24.6–28.8 mm) rupicolous Cnemaspis from the Biligirirangan Hills (BR Hills), Karnataka based on morphology and molecular (mitochondrial 16S and ND2) data. The new species is nested within the monticola, mysoriensis and gracilis clades, where it is basal to monticola and gracilis clades in the Maximum Likelihood analysis and is basal to the monticola clade in the Bayesian phylogenetic analysis.
Blockchain et DLT dans le système bancaire
Authors: Chehade Imad
Published: September 2022

La technologie blockchain est un réseau distribué sur des machines décentralisées qui permet d’effectuer et de valider des transactions. Le terme blockchain recouvre des usages divers sur le marché bancaire depuis quelques années. En considérant l’architecture de la blockchain et l’infrastructure bancaire, nous clarifions les utilisations de ces technologies à partir des différences entre registre distribué (DLT) et blockchain . Nous présentons les obstacles créés par les blockchains publiques et les apports des blockchains privées afin de mieux cerner leurs possibilités d’adoption dans l’environnement bancaire. Nous mettons aussi en lumière l’émergence des DLT avec permission et leur rôle dans le développement du système bancaire. Les expérimentations des DLT avec permission ( Madre , Corda et Libra ) nous permettent d’illustrer les pratiques en cours. Il ressort de l’analyse que la DLT de consortium est le prototype le plus adapté actuellement pour répondre aux besoins et aux contraintes du marché bancaire. Classification JEL : F41, G21, L15, O33, P13
France-Algérie, le salut par l’histoire
Authors: Vermeren Pierre
Published: September 2022

La guerre d’Algérie est un évènement historique ancien qui bénéficie d’une actualité étonnante dans la France et l’Algérie de 2022. En France, si cette histoire est très actuelle, c’est que la guerre d’Algérie est la dernière « grande catastrophe » nationale. Elle bénéficie d’un étrange privilège mémoriel qui tient à différents acteurs, à des circonstances particulières, mais aussi aux pressions exercées par l’Algérie. Cette république indépendante a connu une douloureuse expérience de guerre civile dans les années 1990 ; la « révolution » contre la France fait écran avec son histoire récente, et lui permet d’occulter cet évènement exclu du débat public. Ainsi, l’Algérie accuse la France de violences extrêmes et de crimes de masse depuis le début du xxi e  siècle. Cette nouveauté trouve un contexte favorable en France, à cause de la culpabilité des dirigeants français, mais aussi de la présence d’une très importante immigration algérienne dans ce pays. C’est pourquoi il est urgent de passer de la mémoire à l’histoire, et de travailler à réconcilier les citoyens français par cet outil de paix.
Une église algérienne ? Les catholiques algériens face à la décolonisation (1930-1962)
Authors: Gadessaud Uriel
Published: September 2022

Installée depuis 1838 en Algérie, l’Église catholique était restée proche, tout au long de la colonisation, des autorités coloniales françaises, par nécessité autant que par conviction. Pourtant, quand éclata la guerre d’indépendance, elle s’en démarqua par la voix de son archevêque Mgr Duval, en soutenant l’autodétermination et en dénonçant la torture. Depuis les années 1930, une minorité de fidèles, influencée par le catholicisme social, soutenait en effet un rapprochement des populations catholique et musulmane. En s’appuyant sur les archives de l’archevêché d’Alger, cet article s’intéresse aux développements méconnus de l’Action catholique en terre d’islam, et à ses réflexions qui contribuèrent à amener un changement profond d’attitude de l’Église vis-à-vis de l’islam, consacré à l’issue de Vatican II.
Les premières recherches des disparus d’Algérie après les accords d’Évian organisées par les autorités françaises (19 mars 1962 – 8 janvier 1966) : entre tractations au sommet et silence volontaire
Authors: Laribi Soraya
Published: September 2022

Cet article présente les premières recherches organisées par les autorités civiles et militaires françaises afin de retrouver les disparus de la fin de la guerre d’Algérie. Des rencontres ont eu lieu au sommet avec des dirigeants algériens et des bilans chiffrés ont été établis, bien que les déclarations sur le sujet aient été rares et que le rapport du Comité International de la Croix-Rouge n’ait pas immédiatement été diffusé. Cette rétention d’information – en partie liée à la crainte de recevoir en retour les plaintes des Algériens concernant leurs propres disparus du fait de l’armée française – a eu plusieurs conséquences comme la diffusion d’articles mensongers et l’émergence de fabulateurs qui ont prétendu s’être échappés de camps ou ont rançonné les familles alors plongées dans une profonde détresse.
Les harkis (1954-2022). Histoire, mémoires et pardon
Authors: Moumen Abderahmen
Published: September 2022

Soixante ans après la fin de la guerre d’indépendance algérienne, les résonances mémorielles de cette dernière se font encore entendre, et s’accélèrent même avec la remise du rapport Stora au Président de la République et le souhait de ce dernier de « réconcilier » les mémoires, dont celle du groupe social harki. La question des anciens supplétifs de l’armée française, recrutés durant le conflit, se pose de manière récurrente lorsqu’est évoqué le sujet de la guerre d’Algérie depuis 1962. Cet article souhaite revenir sur la genèse de la création des formations supplétives durant la guerre d’Algérie en insistant sur la diversité des statuts de ces hommes et des motivations d’engagement/enrôlement, et de retracer les trajectoires des familles réfugiées/rapatriées en France après l’indépendance. Enfin, cet article aborde les enjeux mémoriels et politiques de la « question harkie » en France et en Algérie.
La guerre d’Algérie à Vichy, l’ancienne « capitale d’été » des coloniaux
Authors: Mallet Audrey
Published: September 2022

Au milieu du xix e  siècle, face au taux de mortalité très élevé des soldats français en Outre-mer, la communauté médicale appela à l’ouverture d’un débat scientifique rigoureux. Rapidement un consensus se développa autour du présumé pouvoir curatif des eaux thermales, notamment celles de Vichy. La station thermale de Vichy devint, en l’espace de quelques années, la « capitale d’été » des coloniaux. Lorsqu’en 1954, les hostilités débutèrent en Algérie, peu de Français s’y intéressèrent. À Vichy, en revanche, les enjeux étaient trop importants pour que la ville se désintéressât du conflit en cours. La ville, marquée culturellement et économiquement par l’empire, attira aussi bien des partisans de l’Algérie française, qui utilisèrent la station comme lieu de repli et de planification, que des membres du FLN, qui tentèrent d’y laisser leurs marques – sans réel succès.
Un engouement généralisé : les ports français et l’empire de la Grande Guerre aux décolonisations
Authors: Marnot Bruno
Published: September 2022

Avec la crise des années 1930 les pouvoirs publics ont encouragé le repli commercial sur l’empire. C’est l’époque de « la plus grande France », célébrée dans la quasi-totalité des discours politiques et économiques. La politique de préférence impériale a été une aubaine pour les négoces portuaires dans le contexte de marasme généralisé du commerce mondial. Se fondant sur une analyse statistique menée sur les 16 principaux ports de commerce français, cette étude tente de démontrer que le tropisme impérial n’a plus seulement concerné les quelques établissements qui étaient activement engagés dans les affaires coloniales depuis le xix e  siècle. L’engouement fut général et s’est poursuivi jusqu’à l’époque de la décolonisation. Si certains ports étaient en relation avec toutes les parties de l’empire, d’autres s’étaient spécialisés dans les échanges avec une zone en particulier.
Le mécanisme d’épargne-crédit a-t-il un effet sur les performances de remboursement des crédits des groupes solidaires ?
Authors: Couchoro Mawuli Kodjovi , Djahini-Afawoubo Dossè Mawussi
Published: September 2022

Le présent article développe dans un premier temps un modèle théorique simple mettant en évidence l’effet positif du mécanisme d’épargne-crédit sur les performances de remboursement de microcrédits des groupes solidaires. Ce modèle théorique est ensuite testé sur des données d’enquête provenant d’une institution de microfinance installée au Togo à l’aide d’une régression logistique. La méthode d’appariement par les scores de propension est également utilisée afin de tenir compte des éventuels biais de sélection. Les résultats montrent de façon robuste que le mécanisme épargne-crédit a un impact positif sur les performances de remboursement de microcrédit des groupes solidaires. Classification JEL  : G21, G35.
La doble moneda : une ethnographie multisite des pratiques monétaires à Cuba
Authors: Pavy Flore
Published: September 2022

Jusqu’en janvier 2021, le système monétaire cubain a été composé de deux monnaies nationales, l’une forte appelée peso convertible, forme indigénisée du dollar auquel il s’est substitué en 2004, et l’autre faible appelée peso cubano. Ce système était unifié par une émission centralisée et par une convertibilité réciproque garantie par l’État. Bien que ces deux monnaies aient monopolisé les fonctions de compte et de paiement, elles ne permettaient ni de compter ni de payer les mêmes biens et services dans les mêmes lieux, entre les mêmes personnes. Alors que l’idéal-type de la monnaie moderne a pour principale caractéristique de traverser différentes sphères d’échange, on peut donc envisager ces deux sous-systèmes comme deux sphères de transactions monétaires délimitées par des protocoles monétaires propres à chaque site. La doble moneda cubaine se rapprochait en cela de certains systèmes monétaires dits « traditionnels », dont la multiplicité des unités de compte a révélé des frontières entre les différents groupes sociaux d’usagers. Je décris ici les pratiques sociales liées à cette double monnaie à partir d’une enquête ethnographique multisituée et montre que leurs buts essentiels se situaient dans le passage d’une sphère de transaction à une autre, lorsque les activités des usagers franchissaient les frontières monétaires où se jouaient les phénomènes de conversion.
La fabrique d’un mythe : Maximiano José Roberto et la légende de Yuruparí
Authors: Frignati Emilio
Published: September 2022

Cet article propose une nouvelle lecture de la genèse littéraire de la légende de Yuruparí, long récit provenant du Nord-Ouest de l’Amazonie, publié à la fin du xixe siècle et qui, de par son style et sa complexité, a fait l’objet d'interprétations les plus diverses et contradictoires. Nous montrons le rôle crucial joué dans cette genèse par Maximiano José Roberto, descendant d’une lignée prestigieuse du groupe ethnique tariana et collaborateur de l’élite savante de Manaus (Brésil), dont le nom a été occulté au moment de la publication. La restitution de la biographie de ce savant métis et de sa collaboration avec le botaniste brésilien João Barbosa Rodrigues et le comte italien Ermanno Stradelli permet d’appréhender le processus d’élaboration de la légende. Une analyse fondée sur un corpus de mythes contemporains et postérieurs révèle que la composition de ce récit comporte une importante dimension intertextuelle. Celle-ci repose sur la transcription et la réécriture de versions orales de mythes recueillis auprès de nombreux spécialistes rituels qui appartenaient à divers groupes ethniques du Vaupés, du rio Negro et du rio Branco. Loin de constituer une invention littéraire aux accents romantiques ou un récit sacré ancien, comme le supposait Claude Lévi-Strauss, cette œuvre condense plusieurs textes préexistants en un récit unique et cohérent. L’étude des transformations du récit qui conduit des mythes à la légende montre qu’un tel projet s’est accompagné d’une tentative de redéfinition politique des identités collectives autochtones dans le contexte colonial de la fin du xixe siècle.
MHDNNL
Authors: Li Qirui , Peng Zhiping , Cui Delong , Lin Jianpeng , He Jieguang
Published: September 2022

Task optimization scheduling is one of the key concerns of both cloud service providers (CSPs) and cloud users. The CSPs hope to reduce the energy consumption of executing tasks to save costs, while the users are more concerned about shorter task completion time. In cloud computing, multi-queue and multi-cluster (MQMC) is a common resource configuration mode, and batch is a common task commission mode. The task scheduling (TS) in these modes is a multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem, and it is difficult to get the optimal solution. Therefore, the authors proposed a MOO scheduling algorithm for this model based on multiple heterogeneous deep neural networks learning (MHDNNL). The proposed algorithm adopts a collaborative exploration mechanism to generate the samples and use the memory replay mechanism to train. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the benchmark algorithms in minimizing energy consumption and task latency.
Impact of Meditation on Quality of Life of Employees
Authors: Sagar Sheelu , Rastogi Rohit , Garg Vikas , Basavaraddi Ishwar V.
Published: September 2022

The article presents a conceptual and empirical research study with future scope for wellness programs for organizational health promotion and mental well-being. The study focuses on virtual programs on meditation or mindfulness integrated with artificial intelligence (AI). That adds to the literature, which is relatively minor on this subject. Meditation can be a powerful organizational resource to improve employee efficiency, emotional stability, well-being, and stress. Young engineers of middle-hierarchy employed at PPS International, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India (n=30), all males, were given an eight-week meditation intervention. The experimental group showed significant and influential improvements over control-group participants of the World Health Organization (WHO)-issued quality-of-life scale. The different domains studied were perception, physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment.
A DNA Sequencing Medical Image Encryption System (DMIES) Using Chaos Map and Knight's Travel Map
Authors: Adithya B.  , Santhi G.
Published: September 2022

This research aims to devise a method of encrypting medical images based on chaos map, Knight's travel map, affine transformation, and DNA cryptography to prevent attackers from accessing the data. The proposed DMIES cryptographic system performs the chaos intertwining logistic map diffusion and confusion process on chosen pixels of medical images. The DNA structure of the medical image has generated using all eight DNA encoding rules that are dependent on the pixel positions in the medical image. Knight's travel map is decomposed, which helps to prevent tampering and certification after the diffusion process. Finally, to avoid the deformity of medical data, a shear-based affine transformation is used. Compared to existing standard image encryption systems, the extensive and complete security assessment highlights the relevance and benefits of the proposed DMIES cryptosystem. The proposed DMIES can also withstand various attacks like statistical, differential, exhaustive, cropping, and noise attack.
A Path-Clustering Driving Travel-Route Excavation
Authors: Yang Can
Published: September 2022

The refueling trajectory of self-driving tourists is sparse, and it is difficult to restore the real travel route. A sparse trajectory clustering algorithm is proposed based on semantic representation to mine popular self-driving travel routes. Different from the traditional trajectory clustering algorithm based on trajectory point matching, the semantic relationship between different trajectory points is researched in this algorithm, and the low-dimensional vector representation of the trajectory is learned. First, the neural network language model is used to learn the distributed vector representation of the fueling station; then, the average of all the station vectors in each trajectory is taken as the vector representation of the trajectory. Finally, the classic k-means algorithm is used to cluster the trajectory vectors. The final visualization results show that the proposed algorithm effectively mines two popular self-driving travel routes.
Mediating Effects of Attitudes, Risk Perceptions, and Negative Emotions on Coping Behaviors
Authors: Zhang Wei , Li Luyao , Mou Jian , Zhang Mei , Cheng Xusen , Xia Hongwei
Published: September 2022

Based on the perspectives of social risk amplification and the knowledge-attitudes-practice model, this study aimed to test how the level of knowledge about COVID-19 and information sources can predict people's behavioral changes and to examine the effect mechanisms through the mediating roles of attitude, risk perception, and negative emotions in a survey of 498 older Chinese adults. The results showed that (1) older people had a lower level of factual knowledge regarding the variant strains and vaccines; (2) in the information sources-behavior, information sources had a critical influence on elderly individuals' coping behaviors; and (3) in the knowledge-behavior, factual knowledge had a significant effect on elderly individuals' coping behaviors. Specifically, for prevention behaviors, both risk perception and negative emotions played full mediating roles. The findings have significant implications for the development of an effective COVID-19 prevention program to older adults coping with pandemic conditions.
Physical Assessment of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyethylene Oxide Blend Film with Antioxidant or Antibacterial Composite Toward Wound Dressing Application
Authors: Lam Yan Tung , Al-Ashwal Rania Hussien , bin Sani Mohd Helmi
Published: September 2022

Wound dressing has a preferred characteristic to be ideal for wound healing application. Thus, the use of polymers and bioactive compounds requires optimization to ensure the ratio and concentration of blend polymer and the concentrations of the bioactive concentration in the film. This study prepared different ratios, and concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyethene oxide (PEO) blend film to determine its optimum ratio and concentration using the solution casting method. The antioxidant (Glutathione – GSH) and antibacterial agent (Allicin) were added to the optimized PVA/PEO blend to identify the effect on the physical characteristics of the films upon the addition of bioactive compounds. The physical assessment of the synthesized films showed that the 90PVA/10PEO with a total polymer concentration of 5% possess desirable physical characteristics (ease of peeling, foldability and transparency) and achieve 100.4% water uptake. In terms of the PVA/PEO/GSH and PVA/PEO/Allicin films, there was no difference in the ease of peeling, foldability, and transparency compared to the control film. In conclusion, 5% of 90 PVA/10PEO is the optimum ratio and concentration that can be used to incorporate bioactive compounds such as GSH and Allicin.
ZnO/g-C3N4/Fe3O4 Nanocomposites Embedded Sa-PVA as Photocatalyst Hydrogel Beads for Photodegradation
Authors: Pattanasiri Busara , Sangjan Suntree
Published: September 2022

In this research, Fe3O4 NPs and g-C3N4 nanosheets were synthesized by co-precipitation and the thermal decomposition method, respectively. The ZnO/g-C3N4/Fe3O4 nanocomposites (ZGF) with the varying weight sight of Fe3O4 NPs were 0.5 (0.5ZGF), 1.25 (1.25ZGF), 2.5 (2.5ZGF), and 5.0 (5.0ZGF) wt%, which were synthesized by a facile method. Synthesized Fe3O4 NPs, g-C3N4 nanosheets, and ZGF nanocomposite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Then ZGF nanocomposites were contained on sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol (SA-PVA) as hydrogel packing material. Kinetics of photocatalytic activity and adsorption were studied by first-order reaction, second-order reaction, the pseudo-first-order, the pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and Avrami models. Especially, the photocatalytic activity and adsorption process of ZGF-SA-PVA composite hydrogel beads have been represented via Methylene Blue removal. The photodegradation efficiency of 2.5ZGF-SA-PVA composite hydrogel beads under visible light irradiation is increased by over 2 times, to be much higher than that of SA-PVA hydrogel beads. The results show that the organic removal efficiency of the SA-PVA hydrogel bead can be effectively improved by the ZGF nanocomposite.
Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Waste Tire Rubber as Aggregate
Authors: Wu Chung Hao
Published: September 2022

The study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of concrete containing waste tire rubber as aggregate. Three replacement ratios (0%, 5%, 15%) of aggregate with waste tire rubber were selected for casting concrete. The design compressive strength of concrete is 21MPa at the age of 28-day. Test results show that the slump and unit weight of fresh concrete decrease with the increase in the amount of rubber aggregates; the compressive strength of rubber fine aggregate concrete is higher than that of rubber coarse aggregate concrete. The flexural strength test results are similar to the compressive strength test. The ultrasonic pulse velocity of rubber fine aggregate concrete is higher than that of rubber coarse aggregate concrete, which increases with the increase of rubber aggregate content. The compressive strength of rubber aggregate concrete containing ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS, 30% cement replacement) at the age of 28-day presented slightly higher than that of rubber aggregate concrete without GGBFS.
Experiencias de migrantes haitianos afectados por un incendio en Santiago, Chile. Un estudio de caso
Authors: Espinoza Soto Adriana , Moreno Romero Jenny , Klener Hernández Hans , Contreras Núñez Bárbara , Serka Arancibia Josefina , Aguilera Ceballos Jaime
Published: September 2022

Los desastres socionaturales son grandes desafíos que enfrentamos en la actualidad. Si a lo anterior le añadimos un devastador terremoto como el ocurrido en Haití en 2010, nos encontramos frente a una catástrofe de proporciones difíciles de dimensionar. La posterior migración haitiana hacia el sur del continente ha incluido a países como Chile. El presente artículo se basa en una investigación cualitativa con miembros de la comunidad haitiana residentes en Santiago, quienes fueron afectados por un incendio de sus viviendas en 2018. Los resultados dan cuenta de los cambios en sus proyectos de vida producto de los procesos migratorios vividos y las diversas dimensiones de la vulnerabilidad a los que se han visto enfrentados en Chile. Estos hallazgos pueden contribuir a la formulación de políticas migratorias que fortalezcan la capacidad de resiliencia e integración social de las comunidades haitianas en Chile.
Mujeres cualificadas en movimiento: análisis de las trayectorias vitales desde las vejeces
Authors: Pedone Claudia , Alfaro Yolanda
Published: September 2022

Actualmente, desde diversos sectores feministas en la región, se ha puesto en debate el tema de las vejeces a partir de las vivencias y las autorrepresentaciones de las mujeres “viejas”. Con este artículo nos planteamos aportar al debate académico que reivindica que las mujeres viejas han sido pioneras en la lucha por las conquistas de derechos sociales y políticos, y dialogar con diferentes iniciativas artísticas y activismos feministas que han visibilizado los deseos e intereses de las mujeres viejas desde sus propios relatos. Para ello, recurrimos a la narrativa de las trayectorias vitales de científicas académicas/profesionales de las ciencias sociales y militantes de izquierda y feministas en las décadas de 1970 y 1980 en América Latina. A partir de un trabajo etnográfico construido sobre la base de tres ejes teórico-metodológicos: la gerontología crítica, la interseccionalidad y las trayectorias de vida, presentamos como primeros hallazgos de una investigación en curso, el análisis de las movilidades académicas, migraciones y desplazamientos por exilio de diez mujeres que desarrollaron sus carreras en múltiples lugares de destino. Un hallazgo importante de esta investigación es que las movilidades académicas se pueden leer como consecuencia de decisiones vitales y de sobrevivencia, y no únicamente como oportunidades y/o requisitos para insertarse en los sistemas científicos de investigación.
Predictive Value of Veterinary Student Application Data for Assessing Adjustment to Year 1 of Veterinary School
Authors: Karpen Samuel , Gogal Robert M. , Holladay Steven D.
Published: September 2022

Background:

The veterinary education literature warns of psychological distress among doctor of veterinary medicine (DVM) students. Despite its impact on veterinary education, there is little research on predictors of DVM student wellbeing, as most researchers have focused on predictors of academic performance.

Methods:

We used best subset regression to examine the relationship between application variables and student’s self-reported first year well-being.

Objective:

To determine whether variables available in students’ applications to veterinary school predicted self-reported well-being in their first year.

Results:

Age, graduate record exam (GRE) score, pre-DVM grade point average (GPA), hometown population, and paid employment experience were all significant predictors of various facets for self-reported first year well-being and involvement among DVM students.

Conclusions:

The predictive value of these variables, while significant, was quite low; consequently, veterinary educators should not base policy decisions on this information alone. We hope that our model serves as a useful tool to predict which applicants may need additional wellness resources during their first year.
Gauging the upshot of liquid medicaments on surface roughness and stability of color in pit and fissure sealant – In vitro study
Authors: Chandana Krishna Shree CH , Pallavi Urs G. K. , Pooja H. R. , Mascarenhas Andrea Natalia , Jenny Anisha , Nagar Priya
Published: September 2022

Background:

With esthetics in demand among pediatric patients, maintenance, color stability and surface roughness has become a vital tool to gauge the success of dental restorations.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of liquid medicaments on color stability and surface roughness of three different pit and fissure sealants.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-seven premolars indicated for orthodontic extraction were selected and grouped based on sealants applied (n = 9) into three groups, namely PF Seal (PF), Conseal F (C), and Helioseal (H), which were subdivided into antibiotic, analgesic, and multivitamin based on medicament (n = 3). Selected sealant was placed on teeth, respectively, and immediate color stability and surface roughness (Ra) were gauged using Adobe Photoshop software and profilometer, respectively. Sealant-placed teeth were subjected to liquid formulations for 2 min for every 8 h duration. On 7th and 14th day, the color stability and Ra values were re-assessed. The analysis of outcomes was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows Version 22.0 Released 2013. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.

Results:

Intergroup analysis showed that the color stability was better with Conseal F compared to PF seal and Helioseal F and the mean Ra values showed a significant increase from baseline to 14th-day measurement. Intragroup analysis revealed the highest surface roughness with antibiotic group compared to other medicaments.

Conclusion:

The prolonged use of liquid drug formulations such as analgesics, antibiotics, and multivitamins has shown to have a negative effect on the stability of color and surface roughness of the sealants.