bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LITERATUR RIVIEW ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO TB PARU DI INDONESIA
Authors: NURHALIZA AINA
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Kejadian tuberkulosis paru (TB Paru) kian meningkat setiap tahunnya di Indonesia. Peningkatan jumlah kejadian penyakit TB Paru dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor risiko pendukung. Analisis faktor risiko perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui apa saja faktor risiko yang dapat meningkatkan kejadian TB Paru di Indonesia.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mereview berbagai faktor yang berisiko meningkatkan kejadian TB Paru di Indonesia.

Metode Penelitian: studi literatur 2015-2023 berbahasa inggris dan indonesia. Data didapatkan dari database meliputi ScienceDirect, PubMed, ResearchGate, dan Google Scholar dengan kata kunci risk factor of pulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculosis in Indonesia, tuberculosis.

Hasil: Didapatkan 15 artikel yang sesuai dengan topik faktor risiko TB Paru di Indonesia disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yang mendominasi seperti lingkungan meliputi ventilasi, suhu serta jenis lantai, jenis kelamin laki-laki lebih berisiko terkena TB Paru dibanding perempuan, jarak serta aksesibilitas pada fasilitas pelayan kesehatan dan pendidikan terakhir.

Kesimpulan: Lingkungan fisik, jenis kelamin, aksesbilitas pada fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan,serta pendidikan terakhir menjadi faktor risiko utama yang menyebabkan tingginya angka kesakitan akibat TB Paru di Indonesia.

Kata kunci: Faktor Risiko; Tuberkulosis Paru; Indonesia
Relationship Nutritional Knowledge And Fast Food Consumption Habits With Incidence Of Obsequentness In Adolescents At Sariputra Students, Jambi City
Authors: Kanesa Tania
Published: January 2024

Objective: prevalence of overweight among teenagers increasing in Indonesia, namely 9.5% overweight and 4.0% obese, while the prevalence of overweight in the city of Jambi in 2018 is 10.5% overweight and 3.8% obese. The increasing incidence of adolescent obesity caused by level of adolescent nutritional knowledge and the habit of consuming fast food. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between nutritional knowledge and the habit of consuming fast food with the incidence of obesity in adolescents at Sariputra Middle School, Jambi City.

Research Method: This quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. This research was carried out in January-May 2023. Research population was students from Sariputra Middle School, Jambi City with sample size of 68 respondents using random sampling technique. Statistical tests use Chi-Square.

Results: The research results showed that 43 (63.2%) had poor knowledge, 35 (51.5%) usually consumed fast food and 37 (54.4%) were obese. The results statistical tests between nutritional knowledge and the incidence of obesity in adolescents show that (p=0.020), and between the habit of consuming fast food and the incidence of obesity in adolescents (p= 0.016).

Conclusion: There is relationship between nutritional knowledge and habit of consuming fast food with the incidence obesity in adolescents at Sariputra Middle School, Jambi City. Teenagers should be given education about the factors that cause obesity so teenagers can do physical activity.
CONTEXTUAL TEACHING-LEARNING MODEL WITH TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT TECHNIQUE TO INCREASE MOTIVATION AND OUTCOMES OF IPS LEARNING FOR SIXTH-GRADE STUDENTS SD NEGERI 3 KLOPOSAWIT
Authors: Sucipto Teguh
Published: January 2024

The aims of this study: (1) to apply the Contextual Teaching Learning TGT technique to social studies learning, (2) to improve social studies learning outcomes for sixth-grade students at SD Negeri 3 Kloposawit, (3) to increase social studies learning motivation for sixth-grade students at SD Negeri 3 Kloposawit. The type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) by adopting the research model of Kemmis and Mc Taggart. The research subjects were 14 sixth-grade students at SD Negeri 3 Kloposawit consisting of 10 male and four female students. Data collection techniques using test and observation techniques. Analysis of research data using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the data analysis prove that using Contextual Teaching Learning with the TGT technique can increase motivation to learn social studies material about natural events that occurred in Indonesia and neighboring countries for sixth-grade students at SD Negeri 3 Kloposawit. Data on student learning outcomes prior to treatment, cycle I, and cycle II showed a positive trend, from 5 students (35.71%) who had scores above the KKM to 9 students (64.29%) and 14 students (100%). While the data on the percentage of students' learning motivation in the pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II were 21.43%, 57.14%, and 92.86%, respectively.

Keywords: Contextual Teaching Learning, IPS Learning, Learning Outcomes, Learning Motivation
Diltheys Hermeneutik und die Gesprächspsychotherapie
Authors: Rodi Frithjof
Published: January 2024

Die auf Seiten der Dilthey-Schule bisher nicht untersuchte Beziehung zwischen der Methode des Einfühlenden Verstehens von Carl Rogers und der Verstehenstheorie Wilhelm Diltheys kann nicht auf wenigen Seiten umrissen werden. Der Artikel beschränkt sich deshalb darauf, durch Erläuterung einiger hermeneutischer Kategorien die Position Diltheys so vorzustellen, dass Ansätze für Vergleiche und wechselseitige Orientierung sichtbar gemacht werden können. Es wird dabei hervorgehoben, dass in der Hermeneutik Diltheys das interpersonale Verstehen gegenüber dem Verstehen geschichtlicher Objektivationen und Werke deutlich zurücktritt und damit eine unmittelbare Vergleichsebene nur bedingt existiert. Die Rolle der Einfühlung wird mit Bezug auf die zentrale Stellung des Nacherlebens in dem Sinne relativiert, dass Nacherleben durch Einfühlung zwar gefördert werden kann, als Artikulation und kognitive Verlebendigung („Realisation“) des zu Verstehenden jedoch über diese hinausgeht.
Psychologische Ästhetik und Humanistische Psychologie
Authors: Allesch Christian G.
Published: January 2024

‚Authentizität‘, ‚Kongruenz‘ und ‚Empathie‘ stellen nicht nur Kernbegriffe der Humanistischen Psychologie dar, sondern haben auch eine spezifische Bedeutung in der Ästhetik. Es soll daher der Frage nachgegangen werden, inwieweit es dabei gemeinsame Bedeutungsfelder gibt. In der Ästhetik weist der Begriff ‚Authentizität‘ eine sehr uneinheitliche Begriffsgeschichte auf; neben der verbreiteten Auslegung im Sinne „tatsächlicher Autorschaft“ ist aber auch ein Verständnis als „Glaubwürdigkeit“ und „Echtheit“ gebräuchlich, das der Verwendung in der Humanistischen Psychologie durchaus nahekommt. Während bei Rogers „Authentizität“ und „Kongruenz“ als objektivierbare menschliche Eigenschaften verstanden werden, erscheint aus dem Blickwinkel der Psychologischen Ästhetik vor allem interessant, in welcher Weise sie im sozialen bzw. therapeutischen Kontext prärational erfahren werden können. Das Empathiekonzept, das in der „Einfühlungstheorie“ der Psychologischen Ästhetik im frühen 20. Jahrhundert eine zentrale Rolle spielte, könnte über Charlotte Bühler, die in ihren frühen Forscherjahren zahlreiche Publikationen zur Ästhetik verfasste, auf das Empathieverständnis der Humanistischen Psychologie Einfluss ausgeübt haben.
Surgical Wound Infection in Tinea Cruris
Authors: Atfi Ismi Mulya
Published: January 2024

Changes in the immune response during pregnancy until postpartum cause an increased risk of infection during pregnancy, including skin infections. Tinea cruris is a dermatophyte infection of the inguinal folds, inner thighs, perineum and buttocks. One of the risk factors for tinea cruris is obesity. Obesity aggravates the condition, causing skin changes and conditions (inflammatory and hypertrophic-based) that are often associated with excessive fungal or bacterial growth. Obesity is a risk factor for infection in Caesarean wounds. This case study will describe a patient who experienced an infected Caesarean wound with tinea cruris
Audio Visual Media about The Importance of Vulva Hygiene Increases The Knowledge of Pregnant Women
Authors: Andriansyah Andriansyah , Refi Weni Guslia , Herlina Nina
Published: January 2024

Pregnant women tend to experience vaginal discharge more often than when they are not pregnant. This disorder is caused by poor hygiene of the genital organs. Knowledge is an important component in shaping a person's behavior. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of audio-visual media in increasing pregnant women's knowledge about vulva hygiene. This research uses a quantitative method, pre-experiment, one group pre-posttest. The sample used was 36 respondents using an accidental sampling technique. Bivariate analysis used the Wilcoxon test. There was an increase in the average knowledge score of pregnant women after being given audio-visual media about vulva hygiene with a p value <0.001. This educational media can be used by health facilities to provide education to pregnant women. Suggestions from researchers for research sites can utilize audio-visual media during health education, especially to pregnant women regarding vulva hygiene.
The Relationship Between Midwives' Knowledge and Attitudes Toward The Provision of Acupressure to Reduce Pain During Labor
Authors: Fitria Henni , Yulizawati Yulizawati , Bradinda Sisca , Mardiyah Radhiyatan
Published: January 2024

Myometrial contractions, which cause labor pain, are a physiological process that varies in intensity depending on the individual. Most women who go through labor feel pain, but not all of them deal with it well. Anxiety and irregular labor might result from improper management of labor pain. It is possible to lessen labor pain by using both pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological interventions. In order to prepare moms and lower maternal anxiety during labor, non-pharmacological therapies like acupressure are thought to lessen the severity of labor pain. From August to October 2023, research using a cross-sectional study design was carried out at the Independent Midwife Practice in Padang City. Up to 40 midwives who worked or had their own independent midwifery practice in Padang City made up the research sample. Systematic random sampling was used to collect the samples. Chi square analysis test (p≤0.05) was used for both univariate and bivariate data analysis. The findings demonstrated that 47.5% of respondents had strong knowledge, and 72.5% had a positive attitude. The bivariate test results, with p values of 0.018 and 0.044, indicated a link between respondents' knowledge and attitude toward the supply of acupressure. When it comes to the providing of labor acupressure, knowledge and attitude are significantly correlated.
Population Distribution of Rats (Rattus argentiventer) and the Damage Intensity on Rice and Other Crops in Pleret, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Brotodjojo RR Rukmowati , Lazuardi Ikhsan , Suprihanti Antik
Published: January 2024

Rice field rats is one of the main pests of rice in Indonesia and other Asian countries that can cause a crop failure. The availability food sources might affect the rat foraging in the field. The research aimed to determine the distribution of rat population and their nests in the field with different crop and to examine the level of crop damage caused by rats. The research was conducted from January to April 2023 in Pleret district, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The 1000 m2 TBS (Trap Barrier System) was installed in the middle of the 225 ha observation area to trap rats. Crop damage inside TBS was observed using a diagonal sampling method. Crop damage outside TBS was observed using the line transect method in the 4 cardinal directions with a distance of 250m, 500m, and 750m from TBS. Rat nest’s locations were mapped using GPS. The results showed that the number of rats trapped was low in the early and late stage of rice growth and peaked when the rice aged 12 weeks after planting (WAP). Rice crop damage inside TBS occurred when rice entered 12 WAP. There was no damage on rice crops around the TBS. Rats also attacked corn and sugarcane which caused heavy damage to these crops. There were 157 active holes found in 225ha observation area and they mostly were found in rice field bunds, irrigation embankments, and vacant land. This study implied that understanding the distribution of rat’s population and their nest will support the rat control.
Authors: Riska Riska , Husada Eko Darma , Budiyanti Tri , Jumjunidang Jumjunidang
Published: January 2024

CP PRSV.
Identification and Characterization of Fungi Associated with Leaf Spot Disease of Rubber Trees (Hevea brasiliensis) in Pahang, Malaysia
Authors: Zainudin Nur Ain Izzati Mohd , Azhar Nur’ain , Rosli Muhamad Najmi Haikal , Nordin Nor Aisyah Md
Published: January 2024

Rubber trees are important sources of agricultural income as they are utilized for lumber and latex. Like other crops, they are susceptible to numerous fungal pathogens, especially on their leaves, the most important plant part. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the fungi associated with leaf spot disease on the leaves of rubber trees. This study aimed to characterize fungi associated with diseased rubber leaves and determine the causative agent of leaf spot disease. A total of 20 fungal isolates were obtained and purified from rubber leaves collected during sampling in rubber plantations in Pahang, Malaysia. All the isolated fungi were identified as Colletotrichum siamense (2 isolates), Diaporthe sp. (5 isolates), Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae (1 isolate), L. theobromae (7 isolates) and Neoscytalidium sp. (5 isolates). Based on a pathogenicity test, it was found that nine isolates were pathogenic towards the leaves of rubber, which were L. theobromae, L. pseudotheobromae, and C. siamense. The lesions on the leaves displayed chlorosis with varying necrotic lesion sizes after 21 days post-inoculation. The isolates of the species L. theobromae were the most prevalent, indicating it is more widespread in the region than other species. The findings present data on the potential pathogen of rubber plants and are important to understand further the potential risks and effects of the pathogen in rubber plantations
The MORAL PANIC AND POLITICS OF MORAL – THE ROLE OF AUTHORITIES AND MIDDLE-CLASS IN THE GROWTH OF ISLAMIC POPULISM IN WEST SUMATRA
Authors: Lestari Yayuk
Published: January 2024

This study delves into the nuanced intersection between morality and populism in West Sumatra, specifically examining the emergence of Islamic populism post-Reform. In contrast to prevailing studies that predominantly scrutinize economic inequality and immigration within populist discourse, this research delves into the lesser-explored realm of moral and religious dimensions. Through the analysis of three pivotal factors influencing moral and populist politics, the study underscores the influence of local culture in reinforcing Islamic populism, the social bonds tethered to the cultural and religious identity of the Minangkabau ethnic group, and the synchronization of governmental political strategies with societal religious and cultural ethos. This study using a qualitative approach. The data obtained by interviews, observations, and documentations. Findings illuminate the impact of social connections on individual behavior, societal norms, and institutional frameworks, particularly in guiding and shaping moral behavior. Conformity, entrenched in tradition and religion, holds substantial sway in societal evaluations and restraints. The communal societal perspective, prevailing over individualistic notions, serves as a regulatory force in tandem with community values
MASALAH PELAYANAN PUBLIK BIDANG PENDIDIKAN DI ERA DIGITAL PERSPEKTIF KOMUNIKASI (STUDI KASUS DINAS PENDIDIKAN KOTA PADANG)
Authors: Novarisa Ghina , Fadhil Muhammad , Fadhel Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Public services in general have problems in their service to the community, such as: are protracted delays in service, abuse of authority, irregularities in procedures, not providing services, asking for money for services, incompetence, taking sides, discrimination, conflict interests and others. Digitalization of education is one form of transformation of public services at education field. Viewed from a communication perspective, digitalization of education is a form of improvement public services from the media elements, which influence other communication elements such as communicators, message, communication and of course the effect. This research aims to describe communication problems in public servants digitalizing education. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach,using interview techniques and non-participant observation as data collection techniques. The result. However, from a communication perspective, these problems can be broken down into communicator problems and communication. Communicators who have insufficient knowledge of school digitalization, a mindset that is slow to accept change. Meanwhile, from the communicator's perspective, there are problems of poor communication skills, unsupportive attitudes from communicants, Insufficient knowledge of the program and technology, values and culture that hinder the process the communication.
Evaluation of selected physicochemical properties of River Otamiri, Imo State
Authors: Eze Victor C. , Onwukeme Valentine I. , Ogbuagu Josephat O. , Aralu Chiedozie C. , Aduaka Cecilia N. , Okoro Nkechinyere J.
Published: January 2024

Surface water monitoring is essential, especially when the water is normally used for industrial, agricultural, and domestic purposes. The study determined the physicochemical properties of the River Otamiri using the American Public Health Association standard methods for water analysis. In this study, river water samples were collected five times during the dry season from four sampling points (WSP-1, WSP-2, WSP-3 and WSP-4) along the watercourse of the river in Owerri West Local Government Area of Imo State. The levels of the selected physicochemical parameters were compared with the National Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) guidelines. The findings showed that the pH (4.99±0.11 – 6.30±0.08), dissolved oxygen (4.16±0.01 – 6.45±0.03), total hardness (17.10±1.78 – 27.80±2.54), chloride (68.30±0.58 – 91.90±0.64), and sulphate (39.55±3.32 – 51.21±2.11) were below the acceptable limit of the National Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). However, electrical conductivity (1116±29.75 – 1419±28.54), turbidity (18.90±2.81 – 31.70±8.13) and nitrate (45.50±3.06 – 69.90±2.11, except in water sample point-4) were above the recommended limit according to the NSDWQ guideline, while temperature levels (26.90±0.04 – 28.40±0.02) were within the acceptable limit. The study concludes that the River Otamiri is contaminated. It is therefore advisable to purify water from the river before use for domestic and industrial purposes.
Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat Webinar Nasional Building Bright Future for Generation Z bagi Siswa-Siswi SMA Jabodetabek
Authors: TIUAJ Yanto , Prasetya Wibawa , Surbakti Feliks Prasepta
Published: January 2024

The objective of this community service is to celebrate national “hari sumpah pemuda” as well as to provide knowledge and basic skills for Generazation Z about digital ability in this digital era. This activity is the collaboration between Industrial Engineering Department with Marketing Biro of Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. There were four speakers in this webinar who presented various topics related to digital era and how young Generation Z should adapt with the situation so that they could benefit and success in the future.  After the presentation from the speakers, the participants could ask the questions regarding the topics. In this conference, more than 100 participants particated online via zoom.
Rancang Bangun Fasilitas Cuci Tangan Pintar Untuk Lembaga Bimbingan Belajar Hikari
Authors: Darmawan Marten , Soewono Arka Dwinanda , Hutagalung Rory Anthony , Bachri Karel Octavianus , Anthony Jean , Setiawan Axel Gilbert
Published: January 2024

Indonesia is one of the countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus is by regularly washing hands with soap for 20 seconds. With the pandemic conditions improving and the government lifting COVID restrictions, learning institutions can continue learning activities with the requirement that they obey strict health protocols. One of the private tutoring institutions in Tangerang that has resumed operations is Hikari Private Tutoring. With many people using the same facilities for educational activities, Hikari Private Tutoring is required to provide facilities for washing hands. Based on the inputs from Hikari Private Tutoring management, a touchless hand-washing facility was designed to minimize COVID-19 transmission. The hand washing facility also has an LCD to play videos of correct hand washing procedures and show how long the user has washed their hands. At the end of this activity, the manager and staff of Hikari Private Tutoring were asked to fill out a questionnaire. The results showed that they were satisfied with the functionality of the touchless hand-washing facilities. This hand-washing facility can hopefully help educate the public, particularly the staff and students of Private Tutoring, on the correct technique to wash their hands and prevent the spread of COVID-19.
Pengujian Lignoselulosa Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Waktu Delignifikasi H2SO4 Menggunakan Uap Bertekanan
Authors: Hartari Widia Rini , Delvitasari Febrina , Maryanti Maryanti , Undadraja Bigi , Hasbullah Fizzaria , Deksono Giannis Aji
Published: January 2024

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) are the most abundant solid waste from the palm oil industry and are underutilized, even though they have the potential to become industrial raw materials because they contain three fractions, namely cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This research was carried out using the steam method using 1 molar sulfuric acid with concentrations of 6.4%, 7.6%, and 8.7%. The delignification temperature was measured at 120 oC and with different delignification times of 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes. The best treatment with 1 M H2SO4 concentration and heating time for hemicellulose was the treatment with 8.7% H2SO4 concentration and 90 minutes of heating time. The best treatment with 1 M H2SO4 concentration and heating temperature for cellulose was found to be 6.4% H2SO4 concentration with 90 minutes of heating time. The best treatment with a 1 M H2SO4 concentration and heating temperature for lignin was the 6.4% H2SO4 treatment with 90 minutes of heating time.
Relationship of Conversational Artificial Intelligence with Academic Anxiety and Academic Motivations in Indian Students
Authors: Navneet Bora  , Shifa Thokan
Published: January 2024

The study investigated the correlation between use of Conversational Artificial Intelligence (CAI) and Academic Anxiety, as well as Academic Motivations among Indian students. A review of the literature indicates that technology plays a crucial role in alleviating academic anxiety. The primary objective of this study was to ascertain if there is an existence of a relationship between the use of CAI and Academic Anxiety in Indian students. To achieve this, data were gathered from students in Indian educational institutions, utilizing two standardized psychometric tools measuring both the use of Chatbots and levels of Academic Anxiety. Pearson Product Moment correlation was computed, the findings from this study revealed a non-significant correlation between these two variables, r(119)= .06, p>.05. Subsequently, a second study was conducted to assess the authors’ adapted theory, integrating Igbaria’s Technology Acceptance Model with Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation, specifically in the context of Chatbot usage. Data were again collected from Indian students across various educational levels, employing two standardized psychometric tools measuring the use of Chatbots and Academic Motivation. After the results from Multiple Linear Regression were found non-significant, F(2,134) = 0.87, p > 0.05, a linear regression between Extrinsic Motivation and Use of Chatbots indicated that Extrinsic Motivation was a weak but a statistically significant predictor of Chatbot usage among Indian students, F(1,135)=4.855, p < .05. Consequently, the authors conclude that Extrinsic Motivation constitutes a noteworthy factor influencing students’ engagement with Chatbots, being used by students to enhance academic performance and, concurrently, leading to the reduction of academic anxiety.
Atuação da fisioterapia no pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica
Authors: Brito Elimara dos Santos , Pena Francineide Pereira da Silva , Nazzima Maira Tiyomi Sacata Tongu , Volpe Maria Izabel Tentes Côrtes , Guimarães Mayla Rosa
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Identificar a atuação da fisioterapia no pós-operatório de pacientes que foram submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que utilizou as seguintes bases de dados: Portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of science, Embase; Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) e Scopus, sendo utilizados os descritores: pacientes, cirurgia bariátrica e cuidados pós-operatórios, realizando combinações dos termos com o uso do operador booleano “AND” e “OR” (Paciente OR patients AND cirurgia bariátrica OR Bariatric Surgery AND fisioterapeuta OR Physical Therapist AND cuidados pós-operatório OR Postoperative Care. Resultados: Foram localizados 1.258 artigos, sendo 600 no portal BVS, 81 na PubMed, 32 na Embase, 17 na Web of Science, 11 na plataforma PEDro e 517 na Scopus. Para análise e leitura do texto completo, foram selecionados 25 artigos. Destes, excluíram-se dez por não responderem à pergunta norteadora e outros dez que abordavam temas não pertinentes. Totalizando uma amostra final de cinco artigos para desenvolvimento da revisão integrativa. Considerações finais: A fisioterapia atua na prescrição de exercícios físicos, treinamento da musculatura respiratória, melhorando a qualidade de vida e bem-estar físico e mental do paciente.
Role of IL-6 as ‘core inflammatory marker’ in assessment of severity, response to therapy and predicting outcome in COVID-19 pneumonia: A single center experience of 2400 cases in tertiary care setting in India
Authors: Patil Shital , Patil Deepak , Khule Shubhangi
Published: January 2024

Objectives:

In coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pneumonia, the role of various inflammatory markers including interleukin-6 (IL-6) was evolved in managing cases in indoor or critical care units worldwide. Apart from the role of IL-6 in predicting cytokine storms, the role in assessing post-COVID outcome is less studied. In the present study, we have analyzed the role in predicting ventilatory support requirement and final outcome in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Material and Methods:

A prospective, observational, and 12 weeks follow-up study included 2400 COVID-19 cases confirmed with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. All cases were assessed with lung involvement documented and categorized on high-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) thorax, oxygen saturation (SpO2), and IL-6 at entry point and follow-up. Covariates such as age, gender, and comorbidity; interventions such as oxygen use, bi-level positive airway pressure/non-invasive ventilation (BIPAP/NIV); and timings of ventilatory support and final outcome as with or without lung fibrosis as per computed tomography severity were recorded. Covariates were analyzed with initial and sequential IL-6 titer. Statistical analysis is done by Chi-square test.

Results:

The study of 2400 COVID-19 pneumonia cases, age (<50 and >50 years), gender, and comorbidity has a significant association with IL-6 titer (P < 0.00001). HRCT severity score at entry point and duration of illness has a significant correlation with IL-6 level (P < 0.00001). IL-6 titer has a significant association with SpO2 and BIPAP/NIV requirement during hospitalization (P < 0.00001). Timing of BIPAP/NIV requirement during the course of hospitalization in the intensive care unit has a significant association with IL-6 titer (P < 0.00001). Follow-up IL-6 titer during hospitalization as compared to entry point normal and abnormal IL-6 has a significant association in post-COVID lung fibrosis (P < 0.00001). Follow-up IL-6 titer during hospitalization as compared to entry point abnormal IL-6 has a significant association in predicting cytokine storms irrespective of normal or abnormal IL-6 at entry point (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

IL-6 titer has documented a very important role in triaging the COVID-19 pneumonia cases in indoor units, and guided treatments have shown improved outcomes. IL-6 titer is the “game changer” inflammatory marker not only in assessing the severity or predicting course during hospitalization but it has also helped in the utilizations of timely interventions required during hospitalizations. Sequential IL-6 titer has shown a significant role in predicting final radiological outcomes at 12 weeks.
Duodenal paraganglioma - A case report
Authors: Manivannan Abirami , Senthil V. Raja , Chandru R. , Singh K. Balaji
Published: January 2024

Gangliocytic paraganglioma (GP) is a rare tumor of the duodenum. Worldwide, less than 300 cases have been documented. According to cases previously reported, the tumor is frequently seen in the second part of the duodenum. In this article, we discuss the case of a young adult who had a metastatic lymph node discovered to be due to a GP in the fourth portion of the duodenum. These duodenal lesions are commonly confused with neuroendocrine neoplasms, which are of epithelial origin, and are distinguished from them using immunohistochemistry.
Synthesis and characterization of Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) complexes with unsymmetrical tetradentate Schiff base ligand
Authors: Kumar Vikas
Published: January 2024

A novel series of cobalt (II), nickel (II) and copper (II) complexes of unsymmetrical Schiff base ligand 1-(2-hydroxynaphthalideneimino)-2-(5 methoxysalicylidene imino)-4 chlorobenzene-1,2-diamine was synthesised by condensation reaction of 1:1:1 molar ratio of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde, 4-chlorobenzene -1,2-diamine and 5-methoxysalicyidehyde in alcoholic medium. The synthesised ligand and its metal complexes were characterised by elemental analysis, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, UV-Vis and infrared spectral data. The molar conductance of synthesised metal complexes in DMSO solution indicates their non-electrolytic nature. The analytical data show the general formula for the complexes to be [M(L)2] where L = Schiff base ligand and M = Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II). The spectral data and magnetic moment suggested that Schiff base behaves as a tetradentate ligand, coordinating through azomethine nitrogen and phenolic oxygen atoms to the metal ion. Magnetic susceptibility measurements, UV-Vis and infrared spectral data geometry of metal complexes were proposed to be square planar.
Enhancing the effect of stem cell therapy by healthy donor total lymphocyte RNA support
Authors: Геворкян Н.М.
Published: January 2024

Очевидно, что в организме стволовые клетки нуждаются в особо жесткой регуляции их активности со стороны интегральных систем. Из представленного ранее анализа клеточной основы патогенеза самых разных заболеваний, его взаимосвязи с нарушениями регуляторной функции Т-лимфоцитов, следует, что в условиях патологии всегда имеют место функциональные нарушения в ряду контролирующих гомеостаз морфогенетических репаративных Т-лимфоцитов. Ранее на разных экспериментальных моделях in vivo и in vitro были получены качественные и количественные доказательства того, что препараты суммарной РНК лимфоцитов селезенки, тимуса или периферической крови обладают регуляторными свойствами, соответствующими свойствам самих лимфоцитов, проявляемым в восстановительных процессах при разнообразных нарушениях в органах и тканях. И показано, что препарат суммарной РНК аллогенных или ксеногенных лимфоцитов здоровых особей способствует «перепрограммированию» лимфоцитов реципиента, их нормализации и, соответственно, восстановлению нарушенных функций у подопытных животных. В этой связи, с целью повышения эффективности восстановления нарушенных функций той или иной органной системы, здесь предлагается предварять введение стволовых клеток введением суммарных РНК лимфоидных клеток здоровых доноров.

It is obvious that stem cells in the body require particularly strict regulation of their activity by integral systems. Previous analysis of the cellular pathogenesis of various diseases and its relationship with disorders of the T-lymphocyte regulation showed that, in pathological conditions, there are always functional disorders in a series of morphogenetic reparative T-lymphocytes that control the homeostasis. Previously, in vivo and in vitro experiments have provided qualitative and quantitative evidence that regulatory properties of total RNA from the spleen, thymus or peripheral blood lymphocytes are consistent with the properties of the lymphocytes themselves, and these properties are manifested in recovery processes of organs and tissues. It has also been shown that preparations of total RNA from allogeneic or xenogeneic lymphocytes of a healthy donor contribute to the “reprogramming” of the recipient’s lymphocytes, their normalization, and, thus, the restoration of impaired functions in experimental animals. Accordingly, we suggest to precede the administration of stem cells by the administration of total RNA from lymphoid cells of healthy donors to enhance the recovery of disordered functions of a specific organ system.
Cortisol, cytokines, and autonomic changes during a cognitive load in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia
Authors: Фокин В.Ф. , Шабалина А.А. , Пономарева Н.В. , Медведев Р.Б. , Лагода О.В. , Танашян М.М.
Published: January 2024

Воспалительные процессы принимают участие в когнитивном снижении и развитии деменций при широко распространенных церебральных сосудистых и нейродегенеративных заболеваниях. Методика. У 92 женщин (возраст 50 – 85 лет) с хронической ишемией мозга (ХИМ), исследовали уровни кортизола и провоспалительных цитокинов (ИЛ1-β, ФНО-a, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-10) в слюне, измеряли артериальное давление и частоту сердечных сокращений до и после когнитивной нагрузки. Цель исследования – изучение влияния когнитивной нагрузки на корреляционную зависимость между кортизолом, воспалительными интерлейкинами и вегетативными реакциями у больных хронической ишемией мозга. Результаты. Уровень кортизола, содержание провоспалительных интерлейкинов, а также артериальное давление и пульс увеличивались под влиянием когнитивной нагрузки. При выполнении когнитивных тестов изменение содержания кортизола коррелировало с динамикой ИЛ1-β. Изменение артериального давления и пульса отрицательно коррелировали с динамикой уровня всех исследованных цитокинов. Выявленные взаимосвязи, вероятно, связаны с активацией симпатоадреналовой и гипоталамо-гипофизарно-надпочечниковой систем в период когнитивной нагрузки. Заключение. Переход от состояния покоя к выполнению когнитивных тестов характеризуется созданием единой функциональной системы, объединяющей гормон стресса кортизол, воспалительные интерлейкины и вегетативные реакции.

Inflammatory processes are involved in cognitive decline and the development of dementias in common cerebral vascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Methods. In 92 women with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) from 50 to 85 years old, mean age 67.6+/-0.8 years, salivary concentrations of cortisol and inflammatory interleukins (IL-1β, TNF α, IL6, IL10), blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after a cognitive load. Aim. To study the effect of cognitive load on correlations between cortisol, inflammatory interleukins, and autonomic responses in patients with CCI. Results. Concentrations of cortisol and pro-inflammatory interleukins, as well as blood pressure and heart rate increased under the influence of the cognitive load. During the cognitive tests, changes in cortisol correlated with changes in IL-1β. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate negatively correlated with changes in all studied interleukins. These relationships were likely related with the activation of the sympathetic-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal systems during the cognitive load. Conclusion. The transition from rest to performing cognitive tests is associated with formation of a single functional system that combines the stress hormone cortisol, inflammatory interleukins, and autonomic reactions.
The Influence of Electron Donors on the Charge Transfer Dynamics of Carbon Nanodots in Photocatalytic Systems
Authors: Macpherson Stuart , Lawson Takashi , Abfalterer Anna , Andrich Paolo , Lage Ava , Reisner Erwin , Euser Tijmen , Stranks Samuel , Gentleman Alexander
Published: January 2024

Carbon nanodots are nanosized light-harvesters emerging as sustainable next-generation photosensitizers in photocatalytic reactions. Despite their ever-increasing potential applications, the intricate details underlying their photoexcited charge carrier dynamics are yet to be well-elucidated – specifically, the interactions of optically excited carbon nanodots with redox-active molecular species such as co-catalysts, mediators, and hole-scavenging additives known as electron donors. In this study, carbon nanodots are selectively excited in the presence of methyl viologen (MV2+, redox mediator) and different electron donors applicable to solar fuel synthesis, namely ascorbic acid (AA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The consequent formation of the methyl viologen radical cation (MV·+) is investigated, and the excited charge carrier dynamics of the photocatalytic system are understood on a 0.1 ps to 1 ms time range. AA mediates the fast reduction of MV2+, but the radical cation population is short-lived due to the reversibly oxidized AA quenching MV·+, explaining the limitation in photocatalytic activity when utilizing AA as an electron donor. EDTA-mediated reduction is at least two orders of magnitude slower due to screening by EDTA-MV2+ complexes, but the radical cation population is stable due to the irreversibly oxidized EDTA preventing a back reaction. In general, our methodology provides a distinct solution with which to study charge transfer dynamics in photocatalytic systems on an extended time range spanning 10 orders of magnitude. This approach can generate a mechanistic understanding to select and develop suitable electron donors to promote photocatalytic reactions.
ZrH-Catalyzed Semi-Reduction of Esters Enabled by an Imine/Enamine Trap
Authors: Kehner Rebecca , Bayeh-Romero Liela
Published: January 2024

Semi-reductive transformations of esters remains an underdeveloped but valuable class of functional group interconversions. For example, few strategies exist for the catalytic partial reduction of esters to aldehydes, and the direct catalytic semi-reductive imination/enamination of esters is absent from synthetic strategy. Here, we describe the development of a highly selective method for the interconversion of esters to imines, enamines, aldehydes or amines through an amine-intercepted ZrH-catalyzed reduction. This protocol employs Cp2ZrCl2 as an inexpensive catalyst in combination with hydrosilanes and simple unprotected amines. The in situ formation of imines and enamines effectively preserves an aldehyde oxidation level throughout the course of the reaction. A variety of aryl and aliphatic esters are directly transformed to imines and enamines in up to 99% yield or aldehydes in up to 84% yield, with little-to-no reduction to the corresponding alcohols. The utility of this method for the efficient preparation of nitrogen-containing products is also presented, including single-flask multicomponent reactions and the direct reductive amination of esters. These findings further demonstrate the utility of oxophilicity-driven ZrH catalysis for unconventional chemical transformations.
EVALUATION OF CULTURE MEDIA FOR THE GROWTH OF ALTERNARIA BRASSICICOLA
Authors: Khadka Iswor , Acharya Bikram
Published: January 2024

Alternaria leaf spot is one of the devastating diseases of cabbage caused by Alternaria brassicola. The experiment was conducted to understand the most effective culture media for the growth and multiplication of disease pathogens. Eight different culture media and four replications of each were employed under aseptic conditions for 12 days. Potato Dextrose Agar showed the highest radial growth (88.90mm) with a brownish to greenish colony color followed by Malt Extract Agar (87.45mm) with a whitish irregular margin of the dark brown colony. Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Corn Meal Agar showed regular margins in their colony whereas Oat Meal Agar and Potato sucrose Agar showed irregular ones. Carrot Agar showed the lowest radial growth (53.12mm) with dark brown colony color at the center and dull reddish brown towards the margin which was followed by Nutrient Agar (59.62mm). This study will be a guide for further research on the physiology, taxonomy, and management of disease pathogens.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT POTASSIUM LEVELS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Khaskeli Zakia , Raza Jamali Ali , Jamali Shamshad , Kumar Ajay , Ali Wagan Maqsood , Chandio Sagar Raza
Published: January 2024

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is a popular vegetable and the most important ingredient when any vegetable is cooked and referred to as “protective food” because of its special nutritive value and widespread production. The present research was carried out in 2017-18 at Horticulture Garden, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan. To assess the Effect of Different Potassium levels on the Growth and Yield of Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum mill.) the experimental trial was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The Gola Variety Seedlings are transplanted at the field. Six different potassium levels were used for soil fertility Viz K1 (Control/ without K), K2 (25 kg ha-1), K3 (50 kg ha-1), K4 (75 kg ha-1), K5 (100 kg ha-1) and K6 (125 kg ha-1). Potassium should be applied on split doses and tomato crop was planted and observations were recorded for plant height (cm), number of branches plant-1, days to flowering, days to fruiting, number of fruits plant-1, the weight of single fruit (g), fruit yield plot-1 (kg) and fruit yield (ton ha-1). It was found that all studied attributes were statically significant (P<0.05) and influenced by different potassium levels. The maximum plant height (107.00cm), number of branches plant-1 (9.33), number of fruits plant-1 (91.66), the weight of single fruit (105.67g), fruit yield plot-1 (45.48kg) and fruit yield (49.12ton ha-1) was recorded in where potassium 100 kg ha-1 was used. The maximum plant height (103.60cm), number of branches plant-1 (7.33), number of fruits plant-1 (87.66), the weight of single fruit (101.00g), fruit yield plot-1 (40.95kg) and fruit yield (44.23ton ha-1) was recorded in where potassium 75 kg ha-1 was used. While the minimum plant height (70.00cm), number of branches plant-1 (3.66), number of fruits plant-1 (60.00), the weight of single fruit (48.00g), fruit yield plot-1 (10.27kg) and fruit yield (11.09ton ha-1) was recorded in where potassium did not be used respectively. The present results that the (100 kg K ha-1) had a better result for all parameters and all results were statically significant.
BIOFERTILIZERS: A SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY FOR ORGANIC FARMING THAT WOULD INCREASE CROP PRODUCTION AND SOIL HEALTH
Authors: Mehata Dipesh Kumar , Kattel Indira , Sapkota Prabin , Ghimire Netra Prasad , Mehta Rupesh Kumar
Published: January 2024

Biofertilizers are now an effective way to increase crop yield and soil health in organic farming. Because of their numerous advantages, such as their capacity for nitrogen fixation, solubilizing phosphorus, and fostering soil microbial activity, the use of biofertilizers is becoming more and more common. This paper explores the benefits of using biofertilizers and their several kinds that are available, with their possible application in organic farming. Reduced reliance on synthetic fertilizers, enhanced soil fertility, and higher crop yields are all advantages of using biofertilizers in organic farming. Moreover, by using fewer chemical fertilizers, the usage of biofertilizers can contribute to lowering the environmental pollution. The author concludes that biofertilizers could be a practical and long-term answer for organic farmers who seek to improve soil health and crop productivity.
INFLUENCE OF SHOOT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES OF BELL PEPPER IN PROTECTED CONDITION
Authors: Aryal Bipin , Basnet Manoj
Published: January 2024

A research was carried out to study the effect of shoot management on growth, yield, and quality attributes of bell pepper in protected condition at Kirtipur, Kathmandu, from March to October 2021. The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with two popular varieties (6008 F1 and Minerva F1) and five levels of shoot management (unpruned, one stem, two stems, three stems, and four stems) with four replications. Observations were recorded on growth, yield, and quality parameters. The response of bell pepper varieties with different levels of shoot management did not differ significantly, however, varieties and shoot management factors differed within factor significantly in selected variables. Minerva F1 was taller with higher number of leaves as compared to 6008 F1. Among different shoot management practices, plants with a single stem recorded a significantly higher plant height (70.28 cm) at 120 DAT. Average fruit length varied with level of shoots, and the performance of two varieties was not found to be significant. Average fruit weight had been influenced by both the varieties and no. of shoots. Average fruit weight (107.78 g) was also significantly higher in 6008 F1 than that of Minerva F1 (94.24 g). Minerva F1 had higher (3.92°Brix) TSS and vitamin C content in comparison with 6008 F1. Fruits from a single stem plant had maximum vitamin C content (112.26 mg/100g and 128.87 mg/100g at 1st and 5th harvest, respectively). Yield per plant was significantly higher in 6008 F1 (3.20 kg) than Minerva F1 (2.76 kg). The highest yield per plant recorded on four stem shoot management (3.44 kg) whereas, lowest yield per plant was from unpruned plants (2.56 kg). Increasing shoot no. from single stem to four stems increased the yield by 34.37%. 6008 F1 recorded a higher yield per plant than Minerva F1. Minerva F1 produced the higher BC-ratio 7.43 than 6008 F1 (2.27). Four stem shoot management produced the highest BC-ratio in both Minerva F1 (8.81) and 6008 F1 (2.55). Considering the economic and desirable attributes, the yellow cultivar Minerva F1 proved to be better in achieving a higher gross return, profit and other quality parameter.