bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review on the use of Synthetic and Recombinant Antigens for the
Immunodiagnosis of Tegumentary Leishmaniasis
Authors: Silva Kamila Alves , Ribeiro Anna Júlia , Gandra Isadora Braga , Resende Carlos Ananias Aparecido , da Silva Lopes Lucas , Couto Carolina Alves Petit , de Araujo Freire Verônica , Barcelos Isabelle Caroline Santos , Pereira Sabrina Paula , Xavier Sandra Rodrigues , da Paz Mariana Campos , Giunchetti Rodolfo Cordeiro , Chávez-Fumagalli Miguel Angel , Gonçalves Ana Alice Maia , Coelho Eduardo Antonio Ferraz , Galdino Alexsandro Sobreira
Published: March 2024

:

Improving the diagnostic technology used to detect tegumentary leishmaniasis
(TL) is essential in view of it being a widespread, often neglected tropical disease,
with cases reported from the Southern United States to Northern Argentina. Recombinant
proteins, recombinant multiepitope proteins, and synthetic peptides have been extensively
researched and used in disease diagnosis. One of the benefits of applying these
antigens is a measurable increase in sensitivity and specificity, which improves test accuracy.
The present review aims to describe the use of these antigens and their diagnostic
effectiveness. With that in mind, a bibliographic survey was conducted on the PudMed
platform using the search terms “tegumentary leishmaniasis” AND “diagno”, revealing
that recombinant proteins have been described and evaluated for their value in TL diagnosis
since the 1990s. However, there was a spike in the number of publications using
all of the antigens between 2013 and 2022, confirming an expansion in research efforts
to improve diagnosis. Moreover, all of the studies involving different antigens had
promising results, including improved sensitivity and specificity. These data recognize
the importance of doing research with new technologies focused on developing quick,
more effective diagnostic kits as early diagnosis facilitates treatment.
Preparation and Evaluation of Nutraceutical Capsules of Sunflower Seed
Extracts for the Treatment of Anemia
Authors: Chime Salome Amarachi , Okoye Chinenye Justy
Published: March 2024

Aims:

The study aimed to develop pharmaceutical nutraceutical capsules containing extracts from sunflower seeds to treat anemia and associated diseases. Sunflower seed extract (SFSE) was obtained from Helianthus annuus L, and the phytochemicals, antioxidant vitamins and mineral compositions were evaluated.

Methods:

Pharmaceutics evaluations were analyzed using the dried extracts to determine their flowability. The extracts were further formulated into capsule dosage forms and evaluated. The phytochemical screening of sunflower seed extract and powdered crude indicated the presence of tannin, flavonoid, phenol, saponins, phytate, oxalate, alkaloids and steroids. The quantitative phytochemical composition of sunflower seed extract revealed a high alkaloid content of 11.80 ± 0.02 %, steroid composition of 2.80 ± 0.01% and a phenolic compound of 0.02 ± 0.00 %. SFSE also showed different amounts of antioxidants, vitamins A, C, and E. Vitamin C (1924.20 μg/mg) was significantly the highest (p<0.05), followed by vitamin E (42.01±1.02 μg/mg), and the least was vitamin A (18.01μg/mg). The micromeritics studies of the dried powdered extract revealed an excellent flow. The extracts were adequately formulated in capsules using hard-shell gelatin capsules in combination with compatible pharmaceutical-grade excipients. The uniformi-ty of capsule weight showed an average weight of 488 mg ± 0.7377% and 492 mg ± 0.3252%.

Results:

The data obtained from the extracts' content analysis showed that the extracts and all their constituents were neither affected by formulation procedures nor excipients. Hence, they exhibited an average content of 98 ± 0.07 %. Zinc, iron, copper, manganese, and selenium in sunflower seeds could provide antioxidants, which can safely interact with free radicals and ter-minate the chain reaction, improving health status and the blood's red blood cell composition.

Conclusion:

SFSE capsules were stable and could be used to mask the taste and odor of this ex-tract to enhance patient compliance.
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Type 3 and 5 Feature the
“NeuroTransmitter-type” of Glioblastoma: A Bioinformatic Approach
Authors: Caridi Matteo , Alborghetti Marika , Pellicelli Valeria , Orlando Rosamaria , Pontieri Francesco Ernesto , Battaglia Giuseppe , Arcella Antonietta
Published: March 2024

Background:

Glioblastoma (GBM) represents an aggressive and common tumor of the central
nervous system. The prognosis of GBM is poor, and despite a refined genetic and molecular characterization,
pharmacological treatment is largely suboptimal.

Objective:

Contribute to defining a therapeutic line in GBM targeting the mGlu3 receptor in line with
the principles of precision medicine.

Methods:

Here, we performed a computational analysis focused on the expression of type 3 and 5
metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes (mGlu3 and mGlu5, respectively) in high- and low-grade
gliomas.

Results:

The analysis allowed the identification of a particular high-grade glioma type, characterized
by a high expression level of both receptor subtypes and by other markers of excitatory and inhibitory
neurotransmission. This so-called neurotransmitter-GBM (NT-GBM) also shows a distinct immunological,
metabolic, and vascularization gene signature.

Conclusion:

Our findings might lay the groundwork for a targeted therapy to be specifically applied to
this putative novel type of GBM.
The Movement of New Labour Immigrant Populations to Rural Areas: Lithuanian Nationals in Ireland
Authors: Cawley Mary
Published: March 2024

Labour-related migration from developing economies is increasing internationally, to meet the employment demands of developed economies. New immigrant populations tend to move initially to large cities where employment opportunities are greatest. Later movement down the urban hierarchy is also documented. Recruitment of immigrant labour to rural-based primary economic activities is also becoming established internationally, often on work-permits of varying duration. It is recommended that further research should be conducted on the spatial distribution of immigrant labour in a wider range of countries to contribute to better understanding of the phenomenon, provide a better context for case study research and contribute to theory. This chapter provides a quantitative analysis of the distribution of Lithuanian immigrants in Ireland at a detailed geographical scale. Lithuanians have had free access to the labour market since 1st May 2004 when their country became a member of the European Union (EU). The results illustrate associations with cities and large towns but also dispersal to smaller size places and rural areas.
Comparing item-total correlation and item-theta correlation in test item selection: A simulation and empirical study
Authors: Marianti Sukaesi , Rufaida Ana , Hasanah Nur , Nuryanti Sofia
Published: March 2024

One of the important processes in the evaluation of the psychometric properties of a test is item selection. The item selection process usually uses a very popular technique called item-total correlation. This study attempts to describe the item-total correlation technique and explore it using a similar technique called item-theta correlation. Both techniques are applied using simulation studies by creating several conditions related to test length and sample size. After the simulation study, the next step is the study using empirical data as an illustration of the results of the simulation study. The results of this study show that there are differences in the results of item selection based on these two approaches. Item-theta correlation detects more items that have weak discrimination power than item-total correlation. The difference is more noticeable in conditions where the cutoff point used for item selection is low(.20).
Healthcare Professionals’ Attitudes towards Adverse Drug Reactions Reporting in Primary Healthcare Settings: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Yuniar Cindra Tri , Fadhilah Rizka Zu , Anggadiredja Kusnandar , Amalia Lia
Published: March 2024

Background: Spontaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) reporting is a key to improving the post-marketing safety of medicines. The important factor of under-reporting is lack of awareness for the purpose of ADRs monitoring and reporting. Spontaneous reporting is performed by the patients or consumer to the healthcare professionals and/or industry, then the healthcare facilities and industry should report the suspected ADRs to the National Agency of Drugs and Food Control (NADFC). To date, there is a lack information and study about attitudes on ADRs reporting by healthcare professionals (HCPs), especially in primary healthcare settings.Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the attitudes towards ADRs reporting by healthcare professionals (HCP).Methods: This research was survey study with cross-sectional design, from November 2022-March 2023. The questionnaire, that have been validated and reliable, was distributed to 3 primary healthcare facilities. demographic data questions (6 items), experiences (3 items), knowledge (4 items), and motives for reporting (1 item).Results: Total 39 HCPs completed the survey, including 14 nurses, 9 midwifes, 3 general physicians, 3 pharmacists, and 10 other professions. Most of respondents were women (84.6%), and mostly the HCPs have been working for ≥5 years (74.3%). Among 39 respondents, only 1 pharmacist have a good attitude about ADRs reporting. The other HCPs had a lack of knowledge and safety awareness. The dominant motives for reporting the ADRs was serious or severe ADRs (39.4%) and the assurance of causality assessment by suspected drugs (15.4%).Conclusion: In conclusion, the HCPs in primary healthcare settings had poor attitudes towards ADRs reporting.
AUDITORY REHABILIATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC – THE PARENTS’ PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Nikolić Mina , Ostojić-Zeljković Sanja , Đoković Sanja
Published: March 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected numerous aspects of human existence, thus increasing psychological stress in the overall population worldwide. Healthcare and social support systems have suffered extreme challenges and pressures. The welfare, protection, and rights of socially vulnerable groups, such as children with loss of hearing and their families, were challenged. The system of auditory rehabilitation encountered numerous problems due to the Covid-19 pandemic, because of the compromised access to rehabilitation facilities and therapists. The objective of the study was to investigate the parents’ perspective on the influence of the Covid-19 pandemic on auditory rehabilitation. A questionnaire was developed to gather the parents’ answers to the research questions. The sample consisted of fifty-one parents of deaf children and children hard of hearing enrolled in the auditory rehabilitation process. The results showed a considerable impact of the pandemic on the accessibility of rehabilitation, with periods of two to three months of complete disruption for most children, due to lockdown. A vast number of parents experienced psychological stress due to those changes, accompanied by the fear of contracting Covid-19 when attending rehabilitation facilities. Most of the parents observed changes in their child’s behaviour, and communication difficulties due to face masks during the pandemic. Numerous studies support these findings. The results of our research show that the improvement and an increase in the flexibility of the auditory rehabilitation system are necessary. Auditory rehabilitation should be supported by state-of-the-art technologies (e.g., telecommunication) in order to ensure the continuity of the rehabilitation process and support for hearing-impaired children and their parents, even in extreme circumstances.
Satisfacción y lealtad de los usuarios de servicios de salud públicos y privados durante la covid-19
Authors: Ruiz Santoyo Grace Aileen , Juárez López Berenice , Marín Alcalá Alejandra
Published: March 2024

Los servicios de salud se adaptaron a la nueva normalidad, a partir de cambios en su infraestructura y atención a los beneficiarios, derivados de la Covid-19, así mismo, se realizaron esfuerzos para que los usuarios se sintieran satisfechos con el servicio brindado. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la satisfacción y lealtad en los servicios de salud, durante la pandemia, en la región de estudio. Esta investigación es de tipo causal, bajo un enfoque cuantitativo y de temporalidad transversal. Primeramente, se realizó la revisión de la literatura, se propuso un modelo teórico, el cual fue validado y, posteriormente, se probaron las hipótesis, a partir de la estimación de regresiones lineales. Los resultados indicaron que el modelo es aceptable y la lealtad es explicada por la satisfacción. Finalmente, se concluye que la satisfacción del paciente tiene un papel mediador en el aumento de la lealtad de este.
The Gauge Picture of Quantum Dynamics
Authors: Slagle Kevin
Published: March 2024

Although local Hamiltonians exhibit local time dynamics, this locality is not explicit in the Schrödinger picture in the sense that the wavefunction amplitudes do not obey a local equation of motion. We show that geometric locality can be achieved explicitly in the equations of motion by "gauging" the global unitary invariance of quantum mechanics into a local gauge invariance. That is, expectation values ⟨ψ|A|ψ⟩ are invariant under a global unitary transformation acting on the wavefunction |ψ⟩→U|ψ⟩ and operators A→UAU†, and we show that it is possible to gauge this global invariance into a local gauge invariance. To do this, we replace the wavefunction with a collection of local wavefunctions |ψJ⟩, one for each patch of space J. The collection of spatial patches is chosen to cover the space; e.g. we could choose the patches to be single qubits or nearest-neighbor sites on a lattice. Local wavefunctions associated with neighboring pairs of spatial patches I and J are related to each other by dynamical unitary transformations UIJ. The local wavefunctions are local in the sense that their dynamics are local. That is, the equations of motion for the local wavefunctions |ψJ⟩ and connections UIJ are explicitly local in space and only depend on nearby Hamiltonian terms. (The local wavefunctions are many-body wavefunctions and have the same Hilbert space dimension as the usual wavefunction.) We call this picture of quantum dynamics the gauge picture since it exhibits a local gauge invariance. The local dynamics of a single spatial patch is related to the interaction picture, where the interaction Hamiltonian consists of only nearby Hamiltonian terms. We can also generalize the explicit locality to include locality in local charge and energy densities.
Overhead-constrained circuit knitting for variational quantum dynamics
Authors: Gentinetta Gian , Metz Friederike , Carleo Giuseppe
Published: March 2024

Simulating the dynamics of large quantum systems is a formidable yet vital pursuit for obtaining a deeper understanding of quantum mechanical phenomena. While quantum computers hold great promise for speeding up such simulations, their practical application remains hindered by limited scale and pervasive noise. In this work, we propose an approach that addresses these challenges by employing circuit knitting to partition a large quantum system into smaller subsystems that can each be simulated on a separate device. The evolution of the system is governed by the projected variational quantum dynamics (PVQD) algorithm, supplemented with constraints on the parameters of the variational quantum circuit, ensuring that the sampling overhead imposed by the circuit knitting scheme remains controllable. We test our method on quantum spin systems with multiple weakly entangled blocks each consisting of strongly correlated spins, where we are able to accurately simulate the dynamics while keeping the sampling overhead manageable. Further, we show that the same method can be used to reduce the circuit depth by cutting long-ranged gates.
Providing early warning for flooding in the Yellowstone National Park using ambient seismic noise
Authors: Luo Bingxu , Zhu Hejun , Lumley David
Published: March 2024

We utilize twelve-year ambient seismic noise (ASN) recordings to measure
near-surface seismic velocity variations (dv/v) within the YNP
flooding watersheds. We have observed that the annual peaks
of dv/v variations have two to three months lead-time in
comparison to anomalous water discharges. Our analysis indicates that
the annual cycle of dv/v is highly correlated with the effective
precipitation, which takes into account the snowpack loading and melting
water infiltration processes. The annual peaks of dv/v are likely
caused by abnormal melt water, which exceed the water storage capacity
of the land. Furthermore, the best-fit poroelastic model provides
further evidence that precipitation factors primarily influence the
variations of the seismic field. Our analysis successfully explains the
indicative changes in dv/v prior to the 2014 and 2022 YNP floods.
This study demonstrates the potential of using seismic observables to
monitor and assess the risk of devastating floods in the YNP.
Neem (Azadirachtaindica) oil coated urea a novel controlled release fertilizer: Physical and chemical analysis of structure and its nutrient release behaviour
Authors: Meena Shiv , Vashishtha Manish , Meenu M
Published: March 2024

The development of controlled release fertilizers (CRF) is a green technology that not only reduces nitrogen loss, caused by volatilization and leaching, but also alters the kinetics of nitrogen release, which, in turn, provides nutrients to plants at a pace that is more compatible with their metabolic needs. With an increasing awareness towards human health and environmental protection, there is a rapid shift towards the development of eco-friendly fertilizers based on natural resources. Majority of the literature on CRF pertains to organic and inorganic material based coatings on fertilizers and among them in the case of neem oil coated urea (NCU) most of the literature is confined to the elucidation of coating effect on increasing the crop yield and plant growth. However, literature lacks any comprehensive study on NCU as a CRF, covering major aspects such as its characterization, determination of nutrient release rate, and comparison with other CRF. The present work is an attempt to fill this gap in scientific knowledge about NCU. In the present study, neem oil coated urea (NCU) was prepared to achieve the controlled release mechanism necessary to meet crop requirements. The characterizations of the uncoated urea (UCU) and NCU were done using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), refractive index (RI) and crushing strength test. To establish the superior behaviour of NCU as a CRF, the results were also compared to the literature data of other CRF, namely phosphate slimes (PCU) and bentonite coated (BCU) with chitosan as a binder. The nutrient release experiments showed that NCU gave a release of 1.03 and 45.03 % at the first day and day 30, respectively. The crushing strength test was carried out for the same size particles, and the results showed that NCU has better mechanical strength as compared to UCU, PCU and BCU.
Introductory concept for teaching chirality - symmetry of the asymmetric
Authors: Kokic Branislav , Ajdacic Vladimir , Opsenica Igor , Zlatovic Mario
Published: March 2024

Chirality is traditionally a problematic subject for undergraduate students at the beginning of learning organic chemistry, yet it is of great importance in life sciences. If the initial introduction of chirality is conducted carelessly, students will face ambiguity through the rest of the course and education every time they come across chirality-related subjects. Although there are numerous methods for overcoming the problems of visualization of chiral molecules in 3D space, the connection of chirality with molecular changes like vibrations and conformations is usually not explained thoroughly. In this work, chirality is introduced on dynamic (real) systems, because students from the start should perceive molecules in their natural state of constant motion and change. Apart from the proposition of the lecture concept, exercises are also included, that employ free and readily available software.
Implementasi Pelatihan Perakitan Robotik Sederhana Terhadap Tingkat Kapasitas Tenaga Pengajar Sekolah Global Madani Bandar Lampung
Authors: Afriansyah Aidil , Sabar Sabar , Harianto Duwi
Published: March 2024

Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang tepat dan inovatif dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan mengurangi sikap pasif siswa. Selain dapat membantu manusia dalam mengerjakan tugas-tugasnya, robot dapat dijadikan sebagai media pembelajaran. Tujuan dilaksanakan pengabdian ini adalah meningkatkan kapasitas tenaga pengajar sehingga dapat secara mandiri membuat robot sederhana sebagai media pembelajaran serta mengajarkannya ke peserta didik. Pelatihan robotik sederhana dilaksanakan dengan metode diskusi dan simulasi. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner dan dokumentasi hasil pelatihan yang diberikan di setiap akhir pertemuan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman tenaga pengajar mengenai robot dan perakitannya meningkat.
Erilaisten interventioiden vaikutus nopeaan sarjalliseen nimeämiseen (RAN): systemaattinen kirjallisuuskatsaus ja meta-analyysi
Authors: Posti Jonne , Koponen Samuli , Hautala Jarkko , Heikkilä Riikka , Mäkisalo Jukka
Published: March 2024

Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli systemaattisen kirjallisuuskatsauksen ja meta-analyysin avulla selvittää, millaiset interventiot parantavat nopean sarjallisen nimeämisen (RAN) taitoa lapsilla ja nuorilla. Kuudessa tietokannassa tehdyn systemaattisen tietohaun sekä manuaalisen täydentävän haun tuloksena katsaukseen sisällytettiin 20 satunnaistettua tai kvasikokeellista interventiotutkimusta, joissa nopeaa sarjallista nimeämistä oli mitattu ennen interventiota ja sen jälkeen. Niissä 11 tutkimuksessa, joissa intervention efektikoko oli keskisuuri tai suurempi, harjoiteltiin esimerkiksi sarjallista nimeämistä, lukemista, fonologisia taitoja, primitiivirefleksejä vähentävää liikeharjoittelua sekä ajallisesti vaihtuvien visuaalisten ärsykkeiden tunnistamista. RAN-taitoa harjaannuttavaa interventiotutkimusta on tehty verrattain vähän, mutta saatu näyttö osoittaa, että nopea sarjallinen nimeäminen ei ole ihmisen pysyvä ominaisuus vaan kehitettävissä oleva taito. Toinen tärkeä havainto oli, että RAN-taitoon voidaan vaikuttaa hyvin erilaisilla menetelmillä. Tarvitaan jatkotutkimusta siitä, millaiset interventiot tai niiden yhdistelmät kehittävät RAN-taitoa kaikkein parhaiten.
Toisen kielen käyttäjä oppimistaan ohjaamassa - projektina suomen kielen oppiminen kokkaus- ja kaupunkiviljelytoiminnassa
Authors: Jokipohja Anna-Kaisa
Published: March 2024

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan pitkittäisesti multimodaalista keskustelunanalyysiä hyödyntäen suomen kielen oppimista aikuisille maahanmuuttajille suunnatun kokkaus- ja viljelyhankkeen vuorovaikutustilanteissa. Analyysin kohteena on suomea toisena kielenään käyttävän fokusosallistujan ohjaama oppimisprojekti 15 kuukauden aikana. Tutkimus osoittaa, että kielenkäyttö ja oppiminen nivoutuvat tiiviisti kokkaus- ja viljelytoimintaan ja oppimisen hetket nousevat toisen kielen käyttäjän aloitteesta. Pitkittäinen näkökulma valottaa oppimisen vaiheita ja näyttää, miten oppimisprojektissa vaihtelevat selkeät ja hienovaraisemmat oppimishetket. Ajan kuluessa fokusosallistujan oppimiskeinot monipuolistuvat ja kielellinen käyttörepertuaari laajenee. Fokusosallistujan toiminnassa näkyy kehittyvä vuorovaikutuskompetenssi, sillä ilmaisu täsmällistyy ja kielenkäyttö itsenäistyy. Tutkimus täydentää aikaisempaa keskustelunanalyyttistä tutkimusta näyttämällä, miten kielen oppiminen tapahtuu pitkittäisesti osana käytännöllistä vapaa-ajan toimintaa.
The Soul of Russian-Slavic Culture in the System of O. Spengler’s Worldviews
Authors:   Branch of Kazan (Volga) Federal University in Naberezhnye Chelny, Zadvornov Andrey N. , Belyaev Dmitriy A. ,   Lipetsk State Pedagogical University named after P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky
Published: March 2024

The article examines the images of large cultures on the basis of O. Spengler’s physiognomic morphology. The meaning of the category «the soul of culture» as a worldview growing from the ancestral symbol is clarified. The essence of the German philosopher’s naturalistic approach to the ontology of culture is revealed. O. Spengler’s idea of Russian-Slavic culture and its ancestral phenomenon in the system of the worldviews is crit-ically comprehended, including the comparison of Spenglerianism with the domestic philosophical tradition. The soul of Russian-Slavic culture is defined as Karamazov’s, i.e. prone to extremes and antinomianism. A complex of oppositions characteristic of Russian consciousness is highlighted. The potential for the realization of the spiritual possibilities of Russian culture is seen in the ideals of the conciliar society and St. John’s man. Their achievement is associated with overcoming the historical «pendulum migration» and the transition to cultural paramorphosis between the two Russias.
State Policy in the Field of Vocational and Technical Education of the USSR in the Mid-1960s – the First Half of the 1980s
Authors:   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Ivanov Nikolai N.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the state policy in the field of vocational and technical education in the USSR from the mid-1960s to the first half of the 1980s, when the vocational and technical education system was at a new stage of development. The article considers the issues of expanding the network of educational institutions, improving the quality of education, raising the level of students' educational and methodological and practical training, and developing distance and evening education. The aim of the research is to analyze the main changes in the system of vocational education in this period and their impact on the gradual development of education and the provision of qualified personnel for the USSR economy. The study used methods of analysis and generalization of historical sources, as well as statistical data. The results of the research reveal the evolu-tion of educational reforms and their consequences, the need for a historical analysis to understand the mod-ern education system.
Organization and Procedure for Training Party and Soviet Personnel in the Higher Party Schools of the CPSU in 1965–1975 (Based on Materials from the Leningrad Higher Party School)
Authors:   North-West Institute of Management – Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy  of National Economy and Public Administration, Shcherbina Elena Yu.
Published: March 2024

This article expands the existing knowledge about the activities of party schools in the Soviet Union and the conditions for organizing the training of party and Soviet personnel. The study is based on the axiological ap-proach, which focuses on analyzing the reasons for the functioning of political regimes, and analyzing archival documents of the Leningrad Higher Party School (LSES), which have not been previously studied in the do-mestic literature. The Higher Party School as an educational organization providing training for Party-Soviet cadres was an intermediary institution in the maintenance of the political regime in the USSR. The implementa-tion of this intermediation took place through three aspects: the formation of the organizational foundations of the activity of the LSES; the reproduction of historical memory, which included “scientific mimicry”; and ele-ments of control in the organization of LSES activity. The study shows that the leadership and teaching staff of the LVPS played in the period 1965–1975 an important role in forming the frame for the professional training of party and Soviet personnel, often acting autonomously from the directives of the CPSU.
The Relationship between Musical Art and Traditional Chinese Culture
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Kamenets Alexander V. , Weidi Liu ,   Russian State Social University
Published: March 2024

General Secretary Xi Jinping, in a report at the XIX Party Congress, clearly stated that “culture is the soul of the country and the nation. When culture flourishes, the country flourishes; when culture is strong, the nation is strong.” Currently, an important period has come for strengthening the cultural consciousness of the people of China and the active development of Chinese music as its element. Under the influence of foreign and West-ern culture, the study and inheritance of traditions in this area can allow the modern younger generation of Chi-nese to better understand the meaning of national musical culture, which is of great importance for its devel-opment and further search for the place of Chinese traditional musical art in the world as a source of national spirit and strength. It is very important to inherit Chinese traditional musical culture in order to strengthen patriot-ism, national identity and ensure the pride of the younger generation of their ancestors. This article defines tra-ditional Chinese musical culture, examines its connotation, cultural value, principles of inheritance and devel-opment.
Role of the State Management of Motor Transport Enterprises in Kemerovo Region in 1946–1965
Authors:   Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Novoseltsev Nikolay R. , Baturin Alexander S. ,   Central Music School – Academy of Performing Arts, Rakhinsky Dmitry V. ,   Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University of the Ministry of healthcare  of the Russian Federation, Ravochkin Nikita N. ,   T.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University,   Kuzbass State Agricultural University
Published: March 2024

The aim of the article is to analyze the role of state management of the motor transport industry in the Kemero-vo region in 1946–1965. Objectives: to characterize the various structures that were created by the state to con-trol the industry; to identify specific individuals who stood at the origins of the development of the automotive industry; to reveal government solutions for the effective functioning of the industry in the region. Based on the results of the analysis, the authors concluded that the state management of the motor transport industry in the Kemerovo region played a leading role during this period: the foundation of a separate region (1943 – the year of formation of the Kemerovo region) stimulated the formation of state management industry links in the field; an extensive network of various departments was created in the region, which oversaw various types of transport and road construction; a competent state policy of long-term lending under the production develop-ment fund was carried out. This made it possible to build pioneer camps, recreation centers, etc. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the authors have expanded existing knowledge on this topic, relying, among other things, on new archival materials.
The Role of Sustainable Development Goal Indicators in the Foreign Policy of States
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Andreeva Viktoriya I.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the role and importance of indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals in the for-eign policy activities of states using the methodology of process tracking. The study contributes to the elimina-tion of gaps in the study of the relationship between the quality of these indicators and strategies of internation-al relations. It is shown that the Millennium Development Goals became the basis for defining the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. It is argued that the latter play a crucial role in the global political process, since they support the development priorities approved by the world community. In many cases, their indicators are developed selectively, in accordance with the foreign policy interests of states. It is noted that ensuring the ef-fectiveness of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals is conditioned by the quality of indicators devel-oped to determine the progress of the process, which should be based on reliable data.
Erken Dönem Azerbaycan Aydınlanmasında (Maarifçiliğinde) “İslam” Algısı ve “Ötekilik” Muhtevası
Authors: Rzayev Rameş
Published: March 2024

Azerbaycan’da Aydınlanma olgusunun teşekkülüne ilişkin Çarlık Rusyası politikalarının ne derecede belirleyici olduğu tartışmaları çalışmamızda sorgulanmaktadır. Çarlık Rusyası’nın hegemonik etkisiyle sürdürülen 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısı yapısal ve kuramsal dönüşümler Azerbaycan maarifçiliğinde farklı bir korelasyonu karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Doğu ve Batı ayrımı bağlamında gerçekleşen Maarifçilik akımı Azerbaycan tarihinde karmaşık ve gergin bir döneme tesadüf etmiştir. Tahakküme dayalı ve “öteki” prosedürü çerçevesinde dizayn edilmeye çalışılan Azerbaycan toplumu, sosyal-kültürel ve siyasi-ekonomik hayatta “tektipli” modelleme işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Maarifçilik akımı Azerbaycan toplumunun maruz kaldığı asimilasyon ve entegrasyon yaklaşımlara karşı direnişte Çarlığın hegemonik diktasını aşamadığı söylenebilir. Yeni bir toplum inşa etme tartışmalarında entelektüellerin (maarifçilerin) tutumu çalışmamızın temel problematik konularından biridir. Bu noktada maarifçiliğin arka plan formülasyonunun tam olarak neden ibaret olduğu problemi, çözüme muhtaç konulardandır. Çarlık Rusyası’nın Azerbaycan’a dönük Avrupamerkezçi (“medenileştirme” veya “domestikasiyon”) politikalarında “Türk-Müslüman” kimliğini yozlaştırmadan ibaret olduğu tespiti, hegemoniya denkleminde kendini açığa çıkarmaktadır. “Yeni” kimliğin bir model olarak sunulması ya da tasarlanması noktasında dönem maarifçilerinin (Mirza Kâzım Bey, Abbaskulu Ağa Bakıhanov, Mirza Şefi Vazeh, İsmail bey Gutgaşınlı ve Mirza Fetali Ahundov) görüşleri ve tavırları Avrupamerkezçi Aydınlanma düşüncesinin ideolojik ve kültürel etkileriyle dogma haline getirilmiştir.
Osmanlı Modernleşmesinin Müteşebbisler Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Cumhuriyete Devredilen İktisadi Miras: Eczacıbaşı Örneği (1903- 1942)
Authors: Çakmak Orhan
Published: March 2024

Ülkemizde girişimcilik tarihi, daha çok iktisat tarihi içerisinde yer almakta olup genel tarih disiplinin iltifat etmediği bir alandır. Aslında girişimcilik tarihi, siyasi değişimin iktisadi ve kültürel kodlarını anlamak açısından daha objektif bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma girişimcilik tarihini, siyasi tarihin gelişimi bakımından ele almaktadır. Çalışmanın ana tezi; girişimcilik faaliyetlerinin siyasi, sosyal ve iktisadi gelişmeleri/değişmeleri yakinen takip ettiği, ortaya çıkan fırsatları kendi lehine içselleştirme eğilimini tartışmaktır. Girişimcilik faaliyetinin temel başarısı da ürettiği/arz ettiği ürünlerin kalitesi/fiyatı kadar, siyasi ve iktisadi değişmelere uyum sağlaması ile mütenasiptir. Bu açıdan İmparatorluktan milli devlete geçiş sürecinde ve sonrasında yeni kurulan devlet yapısı içerisinde ki “girişimci tipolojisi”nin değişim ve gelişim süreci, Eczacıbaşı firması özelinde zihniyet çözümlemesine tabi tutulmuştur. İmparatorluk tasfiyelerinin ana argümanı “bayrak altında toplanma” ve “milli”lik vurgusu üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Nitekim Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyete giden süreçte en yoğun millilik tartışmalarının yaşandığı İzmir kenti özelinde, girişimcilik faaliyetleri daha önemli hale gelmektedir. Osmanlı’nın sosyo-ekonomik yapısı üzerinde modernleşme uygulamalarının (deterministtik ve stokastik açıdan) etkisi ile Eczacıbaşı firmasının Osmanlı’nın son dönemindeki İzmir’de belirli bir uzmanlık alanı ile başladığı faaliyetlerinin; siyasi, sosyal ve kültürel etkileşimlere uyum şekli ve sonuçları çalışmanın kapsamını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın en önemli çıktısı ise girişimcilik faaliyetlerinin tek başına iktisadi gayret ile değil; eşanlı olarak, siyasi ve sosyal değişimleri de dikkate almasının başarı için zorunlu olduğunun tespitidir.
Osmanlı Topçuluğunda Hartuç Kesesi Kullanımına Genel Bir Bakış (1772-1838)
Authors: Kocaoğlu Burak , Doğan Hakan
Published: March 2024

Osmanlı Ordusu’nda topun ilk olarak I. Kosova Savaşı’yla kullanıldığı yönünde yaygın bir görüş mevcuttur. Bu savaşı başlangıç olarak kabul edersek nispeten kısa bir süre içerisinde top teknolojisinde Osmanlı Devleti’nin dönemin en önemli devletlerinden birisi olduğunu rahatlıkla ifade edilebilir. Top teknolojisi noktasında rakiplerine karşı üstünlüğünü 16. yüzyıla kadar sürdüren Osmanlı Devleti 1593-1606 tarihleri arasında Avusturya ile yapılan savaşlarda bu üstünlüğünü kaybetmeye başlamıştır. Ordunun ateş gücünün arttırılması adına oldukça esnek bir tutum sergileyen Osmanlı Devleti birçok stratejik malzemenin ülkede sınırları içerisinde üretimine ağırlık vermiştir. Bu stratejik malzemelerin başında askeri terminolojide hartuç kesesi olarak da ifade edilen tek kullanımlık barut keseleri gelmiştir. Hartuç kesesi kullanımı atış sırasında fazla veya eksik barut kullanımından kaynaklanan sorunların önüne geçtiği gibi ateş gücünün devamlılığını da sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada 1772-1838 tarihleri arasında hartuç kesesinin üretim aşaması, üretim aşamasında yaşanan sorunlar ve devletin sorunlara çözüm arayışları ve hartuç kesesinin yoğun olarak kullanıldığı alanların neler olduğu ele alınmıştır.
Rus Prensi Alexandr Mihailoviç’in Osmanlı Ülkesine Ziyareti (1901)
Authors: Ballı Muhammet
Published: March 2024

Rus Prensi Alexandr Mihailoviç, 1901 yılında çok kapsamlı bir seyahate çıkmıştı. Seyahatin esas gayesi Bulgaristan üzerindeki siyasi emelleriydi. Osmanlı limanlarından Varna, Burgaz’ı ziyaret etmiş daha sonra Romanya’ya bağı Köstence’nin ardından İstanbul’a uğramıştı. Seyahatin son durağı ise Sinop, Samsun, ve Ordu ve Giresun’du. Makalede Prens’in biyografisi, Osmanlı-Rus ilişkileri ve Sultan II. Abdülhamid devri teşrifat kuralları konusunda yeni bilgiler ortaya konarak literatüre katkı sağlanması hedeflenmiştir. Rus Prensi’nin bu seyahati Osmanlı ülkesini tanımak, Balkanlardaki Ortodokslar üzerinde hamiliği kuvvetlendirme ve Sultan II. Abdülhamid ile Rus Çarı II. Nikola arasındaki iletişimi kuvvetlendirmiştir. Osmanlı-Rusya ilişkilerinde II. Abdülhamid döneminde özellikle İngiltere’nin Mısır’ı işgal etmesinin ardından ikili ilişkilerde gözle görülür bir iyileşme yaşandı. Sultan II. Abdülhamid, 1878’deki savaşta Rusya’nın askeri gücünü görmüştü. Başta Bulgaristan, Sırbistan ve Karadağ olmak üzere tüm Balkan devletlerinin Rusya’nın tesiri altında olduğunu bilmekteydi. 1878’den itibaren Rusya ile olan ilişkilerin düzetilmeye başlandığı bir dönemdi. Rusya’nın kısa ve uzun vadeli planları içinde Boğazları elde tutma ve Karadeniz’de donanmanın yeniden tesis edilmesiydi. Rusya’nın Balkanlardaki özellikle de Slavlar arasındaki gücü tüm Ortodoksların hamisi olmasından ileri gelmekteydi. Diplomasiyi oldukça etkin kullanan Sultan II. Abdülhamid kurduğu ikili diyaloglarının yanında uyguladığı teşrifatlarla, hediye ve nişanlarla konuklarının beğenisini kazanmıştır. Siyasi ve dostluk ilişkileri çerçevesinde Rus Çarı II. Nikola’nın amcasının oğlu olan Alexandr Mihailoviç’i Bulgaristan, İstanbul ve Karadeniz’e göndermişti.
Tarihî Figürlerin Psikobiyografisi: Tarihî Analizlerde Psikolojik Yaklaşımların Entegrasyonu
Authors: Aladağ Hüseyin Hilmi
Published: March 2024

Psikobiyografik yöntemin önemini ve tarihî figürlerin hayatlarını incelemek için nasıl kullanılabileceğini akademik bir çerçevede kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alan bu makale; yöntemin uygulanışında psikolojik yaklaşımların ve psikoloji teorilerinin entegrasyonu sorununa odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmadaki argümanlar, psikobiyografik yaklaşımın tarihî kişiliklerin daha iyi anlaşılmasında değerli bir araç olduğunu vurgularken, aynı zamanda bu metodolojinin dikkatli bir şekilde uygulanması gerektiğinin de altını çizmektedir. Psikobiyografik analizin tarihî kişilikler ve olaylar hakkındaki anlayış ve kavrayışa önemli katkılar sağlayabileceğini, ancak bu tür bir analizin tarihî bağlam ve kanıtlarla desteklenmesi gerektiğini savunmaktadır. Psikobiyografik yöntemin tarihî şahsiyetlerin hayatlarını inceleyen çalışmalarda ne tür katkılarda bulunabileceği meselesi de çalışmanın kapsamı içindedir. Tarih yazımında psikolojik teoriler ve biyografik verilerin bütünleşik bir analiziyle, tarihî figürlerin kişilik yapıları, karar alma süreçleri ve liderlik stilleri hakkında daha derinlemesine bir anlayış geliştirilebilmesine katkı sağlayabilmek makalenin temel amaçlarındandır. Günümüzde multidisipliner (çok disiplinli) ve interdisipliner (disiplinlerarası) kavrayışın ötesine geçen transdisipliner (disiplinlerüstü) bütüncül yaklaşımların kapsayıcılığa yaptıkları vurgu dikkate değerdir. Yalnızca bir kurama bağlı kalmak yerine geniş spektrumda yaygın kullanım kuşatıcılık bakımından çok daha etkili olabilir. Ancak bu durum tarih ve psikoloji disiplinlerinin her ikisine de derin bir vukufiyet gerektirdiğinden oldukça müşkül bir mesele olarak görünmektedir.
Concejos contra cofradías: Sociabilidad y conflicto en el Cantábrico de mediados del siglo XVI
Authors: Vela Santamaría Francisco Javier
Published: March 2024

A mediados del siglo XVI el conflicto entre concejos y cofradías de mareantes se extendió de un extremo a otro de la costa del Cantábrico.  El poder económico derivado de la pesca y del comercio acrecía el influjo de los responsables de estas cofradías que también aparecían a veces como dirigentes de parte de la villa o incluso del común de ella. Esto suponía un desafío a las autoridades locales por lo que estos enfrentamientos eran una forma de lucha por la hegemonía.
¿Pobres y artesanos tumultuosos contra elites ejemplares? Ortiz de Zúñiga, las “alteraciones” de 1652 y la visión patricia de las relaciones sociales en la Sevilla del siglo XVII
Authors: Yun Casalilla Bartolomé
Published: March 2024

Este artículo intenta profundizar en la historia de las alteraciones andaluzas de 1652, analizando la versión que de ellas dio el cronista Ortiz de Zúñiga. Perteneciente a una familia de la oligarquía, su texto demuestra la visión que desde esta se tuvo de dichos conflictos y muestra el vocabulario político de la época. Pero, a su vez, recoge la complejidad de la teoría política que estaba detrás de los levantamientos y de la visión de estos por parte de las élites. El caso de estudio constituye una reflexión extrapolable a otros eventos parecidos en la España y en la Europa modernas.
La Diputación Provincial de Palencia y la Instrucción Pública en la Restauración
Authors: Lorenzo Cuesta José Antonio
Published: March 2024

La génesis del sistema educativo español se efectuó en España mediante procesos semejantes a otros países europeos, pero la configuración definitiva se retrasó un par de décadas a causa de la oposición del monarca Fernando VII al régimen constitucional. El modelo educativo liberal se fundamentaba sobre tres pilares básicos: secularidad, gratuidad y libertad. Se concebía la educación como un derecho de todos los ciudadanos, de carácter gratuito, basado en el mérito y no en la capacidad económica, con libertad de enseñanza y ajena a la influencia de la Iglesia. El sistema educativo español quedó configurado en el periodo que abarca desde las Cortes de Cádiz hasta la promulgación de la primera Ley de Instrucción Pública.
Presentación. Elena Maza Zorrilla, maestra y amiga
Authors: Rodríguez Serrador Sofía
Published: March 2024

En este breve texto presentamos unas pinceladas de la brillante carrera académica de la profesora Elena Maza Zorrilla.
Dominación simbólica y capital social. Estudio de caso: la Sociedad Cultural y Recreativa L’Amistat de Mollerussa (1905-1998)
Authors: Solà Gussinyer Pere
Published: March 2024

la trayectoria casi centenaria (1905-1998) de L’Amistat, la principal entidad voluntaria de recreo y cultura de una pequeña capital comarcal catalana, Mollerussa, Lleida, muestra la falacia del neutralismo cultural en una entidad que modeló el imaginario colectivo de un amplio colectivo hasta su enajenación (municipalización) final.
Manuel Núñez de Arenas crítico teatral en el diario de la tarde La Voz (1933)
Authors: Guereña Jean-Louis
Published: March 2024

El trabajo examina una faceta poco conocida de la actividad intelectual de Manuel Núñez de Arenas en los meses de febrero a junio de 1933 cuando era catedrático de Francés en el Instituto Velázquez de Madrid. Se trata de su labor como crítico teatral en el diario madrileño de la tarde La Voz: unos catorce artículos referidos a estrenos o reposiciones en varias salas madrileñas (Teatro Español, Teatro Beatriz, Teatro de la Zarzuela). Analiza así obras de Calderón, de Benavente, de Lorca o de autores menos conocidos, abarcando todos los géneros: comedias, farsas cómicas, dramas y tragedias.
La Segunda Guerra Mundial y el frente del este: la guerra germano-soviética
Authors: Martín de la Guardia Ricardo
Published: March 2024

Las monografías dedicadas al frente del este publicadas desde el inicio del presente siglo han incidido sobre aspectos de la memoria de la guerra, la capacidad armamentística de las fuerzas alemanas y soviéticas y la violencia en la retaguardia, entre otros aspectos. Tratamos de ofrecer en este capítulo algunas de las novedades presentadas en esta bibliografía para entender mejor aquella fase trascendental del conflicto mundial.
‘Fachadolid’, un cliché con éxito. La extrema derecha en Valladolid, 1977-1982
Authors: Berzal de la Rosa Enrique
Published: March 2024

La escalada de violencia protagonizada por militantes juveniles de extrema derecha entre 1979 y 1981, el notable resultado de la estrategia movilizadora de Fuerza Nueva y el capital simbólico que para los nostálgicos del Franquismo constituían episodios históricos como la fusión de Falange y las JONS en el Teatro Calderón, en 1934, fueron factores que contribuyeron a forjar el éxito del término ‘Fachadolid’. Este, sin embargo, se compadece mal con el resultado electoral de la extrema derecha entre 1977 y 1982, siempre confinada a puestos residuales salvo en municipios de reducida población.
Currículum, Educación Física y Formación Ciudadana en Chile: oportunidades curriculares que promueven una ciudadanía activa y democrática
Authors: Rannau Garrido Jean Paul
Published: March 2024

El currículum de Educación Física (EF) en el sistema escolar chileno figura como un componente importante en la formación ciudadana (FC), ya que puede promover saberes necesarios para la promoción de una ciudadanía activa y democrática. Desde una aproximación a su política curricular, este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar las oportunidades curriculares de la EF en el sistema escolar chileno que contribuyan a la FC desde una perspectiva activa y democrática. Desde una metodología con enfoque cualitativo, este estudio de casos revisa el currículum escolar destinado para la asignatura Educación Física y Salud mediante un análisis temático. De los resultados, se evidencian 9 dimensiones temáticas: características de una Ciudadanía Activa y Democrática; Convivencia respetuosa; Enfoque de derecho; Responsabilidad personal y social; Bien común; Participación Activa y Democrática; Pertenencia a un colectivo; Motricidad Comunitaria y Juego motriz democrático. Concluyendo, se distinguen oportunidades curriculares en la EF para la FC, en tanto disciplinares y transversales, que requieren priorizarse y fortalecerse en toda la trayectoria escolar. Además, emerge el desafío ampliar el enfoque curricular de la EF hacia temas relevantes que aborden las problemáticas y necesidades socioeducativas actuales.