bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intimal Hyperplasia, Stenosis, and Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation Failure in the Hemodialysis Fistula Maturation Study
Authors: Cheung Alfred K. , Imrey Peter B. , Alpers Charles E. , Robbin Michelle L. , Radeva Milena , Larive Brett , Shiu Yan-Ting , Allon Michael , Dember Laura M. , Greene Tom , Himmelfarb Jonathan , Roy-Chaudhury Prabir , Terry Christi M. , Vazquez Miguel A. , Kusek John W. , Feldman Harold I. ,   Hemodialysis Fistula Maturation Study Group
Published: July 2017

Intimal hyperplasia and stenosis are often cited as causes of arteriovenous fistula maturation failure, but definitive evidence is lacking. We examined the associations among preexisting venous intimal hyperplasia, fistula venous stenosis after creation, and clinical maturation failure. The Hemodialysis Fistula Maturation Study prospectively observed 602 men and women through arteriovenous fistula creation surgery and their postoperative course. A segment of the vein used to create the fistula was collected intraoperatively for histomorphometric examination. On ultrasounds performed 1 day and 2 and 6 weeks after fistula creation, we assessed fistula venous stenosis using pre-specified criteria on the basis of ratios of luminal diameters and peak blood flow velocities at certain locations along the vessel. We determined fistula clinical maturation using criteria for usability during dialysis. Preexisting venous intimal hyperplasia, expressed per 10% increase in a hyperplasia index (range of 0%–100%), modestly associated with lower fistula blood flow rate (relative change, −2.5%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], −4.6% to −0.4%; P=0.02) at 6 weeks but did not significantly associate with stenosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.16; P=0.07) at 6 weeks or failure to mature clinically without procedural assistance (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.15; P=0.07). Fistula venous stenosis at 6 weeks associated with maturation failure (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.25 to 3.12; P=0.004) after controlling for case mix factors, dialysis status, and fistula location. These findings suggest that postoperative fistula venous stenosis associates with fistula maturation failure. Preoperative venous hyperplasia may associate with maturation failure but if so, only modestly.
Single stage repair of hypospadias with tabularized incised plate urethroplasty with partial degloving
Authors: Kegham Hrair Haik , Shakir Alaa Muneer , Ameen Ali Abdulqader
Published: July 2017

Background: To evaluate tabularized incised plate (TIP) repair for hypospadias which is considered as the gold standard surgery by most surgeons at time being. The study discusses patients' selection, complications, and the outcome.Methods: Between April 2014 and April 2016, 42 boys, 2.5-10 years old (mean 5±1.6), underwent tabularized incised-plate (TIP) urethroplasty for primary hypospadias. The hypospadias defects included 16 distal (coronal or sub coronal), 15 distal penile and 11 mid shaft defects (5 of them were associated with mild chordae). With 3-6 months (mean 4±1.2) follow-up by history, examination and investigation. We considered the operations were successful in patients without any complications after 3 months from the surgery.Results: The success rate was 36 patients (86.7%), complications rate were 6 patients (14.3%). In early complications, we reported 3 patients had wound infection followed by wound dehiscence of glansplasty, and 2 patients had dehiscence of the glansplasty without infection, in late complications we reported one case of meatal stenosis with urethrocutaneous fistula, no cases of urethral stricture or diverticulae were reported.Conclusions: Single-stage repair of distal and midshaft penile hypospadias using tabularized incised-plate urethroplasty with partial degloving is a simple procedure; creates a normal appearing glandular meatus with functional neourethra in normal appearing circumcised penis, with high success and low complication rate in expert hands.
Evaluation and management of urethral calculi
Authors: Ameen Ali Abdulqader , Kegham Hrair Haik , Abid Ali Hussein
Published: July 2017

Background: To evaluate the presentation, management and outcome of patient with urethral calculi in addition todetermine the most common type of calculi encountered in those patients and the chemical composition of those calculi to prevent their recurrence.Methods: Sixty-nine patients with urethral calculi, 63 males and six females were included in this study at Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital, Bagdad, Iraq from April 2016 to April 2017. The diagnosis of urethral calculi was based mainly on the clinical presentation and cystoscopy evaluation in addition to the history, examination and investigations.Results: All together Sixty-nine patients were recruited in this study [63 male (91.3%) and 6 females (8.6%)], regarding sex distributions of patients the largest number of patients with urethral calculi were found in male between 21-40 years old, the most common presenting symptom was dysuria (60.8%), the presentation of pediatric urethral calculi was different (any suspicion of urethral mass on palpation gave high index of suspicion of urethral calculi).Conclusions: Nephrolithiasis especially renal calculi represent a widespread problem, recurrent UTI is one of the leading risk factor in urinary calculi and should be vigorously treated and any case should be in investigated carefully and chemically analysed to prevent further attacks and recurrence in future. Unbalanced diet with poor hygiene especially for the urethral calculi plays an additional role in the pathogenesis of urethra calculi.
Study of different surgical management approach in lower limb varicose veins at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Shafiuddin Mohd , Bhavanishankar T. P.
Published: July 2017

Background: The present study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the clinical features and management of varicose veins in terms of recurrence and symptoms improvement.Methods: This clinical study was conducted for a period of two years during January 1990 to February 1992. A total of 21 patients who presented with symptoms of varicose veins in lower extremities to Karnataka Medical College Hospital Hubli were involved in the study. After thorough clinical examination and investigation all the patients are subjected to relevant treatment.Results: Long saphenous system is the most common venous system affected by varicosity in 18 (85.7%) cases. Incompetence of perforator veins was seen in about 20 (95.3%) cases. Trendelenburg’s operation was done in all cases of long saphenous involvement. Sub fascial ligation of perforators was done in 2 patients. Wound infection is the common postoperative complication observed in 5 patients. Preoperative stay in hospital was longer in patients with ulcer (13 days), whereas patients with postoperative wound infection (14 days) had longer postoperative stay.Conclusions: This study showed that the prevalence of lower limb varicose veins has a male predominance and is more common in younger age group. Occupation involving standing for longer periods of time is one of the important contributing factors in the development of varicosities. There is no single method of appropriate treatment for all cases. Multiple ligations of saphenous vein and excision of varicosed tributaries were done in 9 patients. If cases are selected properly with good operative technique the complications are negligible.
Sex differences in clinical presentation in acute MI
Authors: Kodliwadmath Ashwin , Nimbal Naren V.
Published: July 2017

Background: Acute myocardial infarction differs in women and men with respect to risk factors and clinical presentation. There are studies carried out worldwide on this issue but few from India. This study was done to study the sex based differences in the risk factors and clinical features of acute MI in patients with Indian ethnicity.Methods: Comparative prospective study consisting of 100 women as study group and 100 men as control group with acute MI, who were admitted in a tertiary care hospital, from December 2016 to June 2017.Results: Chest pain was the main complaint in majority of the women (82%) and men (88%). Radiation of chest pain (87%) and sweating (90%) were significantly present in men compared to women (65% and 62% respectively), while breathlessness was significantly present in women (78%) compared to men (64%) and fatigue in women (76%) significantly more than men (55%). Smoking was a significant risk factor in men (69%) compared to women (5%), while diabetes mellitus was a significant risk factor in women (62%) compared to men (39%).Conclusions: Women with acute MI had more atypical presentation of symptoms, similar risk factors, compared to men except for smoking which was more significant in men and diabetes more common in women.
Prevalence of coinfection of human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis in a semi urban area in Telangana
Authors: K. Jahnavi , Toppo Leelabati
Published: July 2017

Background: HIV is known to be one of the major risk factors for the progression of active tuberculosis. Seronegative individuals have 10% risk of developing tuberculosis in an endemic region, while those infected with HIV have 60% chances. Moreover, this incidence varies with different geographical area.Methods: 1330 of HIV patients and 1800 suspected TB patients had undergone testing for HIV. All the suspected TB patients had undergone X ray evaluation and sputum examination.Results: 482 were positive for tuberculosis among 1800 patients of whom 286 were males and 196 were females. Out of a total of 3130 patients who have undergone HIV test, 115 were found to be HIV Seropositive with 68 (3.6%) males and 47 (3.8%) females.Conclusions: It is essential to impart proper education to the people as they are from a low socioeconomic background regarding the usefulness of the HIV and the TB testing and the government protocols and measures taken to eradicate this disease.
Implementasi Metode Fuzzy Time Series Cheng untuk prediksi Kosentrasi Gas NO2 Di Udara
Authors: Fathoni M Yoka
Published: July 2017

The forecasting process is essential for determining air quality to monitor NO2 gas in the air. The research aims to develop prediction information system of NO2 gas in air. The method used is Fuzzy Time Series Cheng method. The process of acquiring NO2 gas data is integrated with Multichannel-Multistasion. The data acquisition process uses Wireless Sensor Network technology via broadband internet that is sent and stored in an online database form on the web server. Recorded data is used as material for prediction. Acquisition result of  NO2 gas data is obtained from the sensor which is sent to the web server in the data base in the network by on line, then for futher it is predicted using fuzzy time series Cheng applying re-divide to the results of intervals the first partition of the value of the universe of discourse by historical data fuzzification to determine Fuzzy Logical Relationship dan Fuzzy Logical Relationship Group, so that is obtained result value prediction of NO2 gas concentration. By using 36 sample data of NO2 gas, it is obtained that the value of root of mean squared error of 2.08%. This result indicates that the method of Fuzzy Time Series Cheng is good enough to be used in predicting the NO2 gas.
Verifikasi Suara menggunakan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan dan Ekstraksi Ciri Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient
Authors: Kurniawan Andi
Published: July 2017

Voice recording is an important part of the evidence for the suspect, so it is necessary to verify the voice suspects to prove the allegations of the suspect. The research aims to develop a voice verification system using artificial neural networks and extraction characteristics mel frequency cepstral coefficient. As the input data analyzed is the data of the unrecognized voice recorder of the owner and the recorded data of the sound that the owner has known as the comparison data. Data input is processed by feature extraction consisting of framing, windowing, fast Fourier transform, mel frequency wrapping, discrete cosine transform resulting in mel-frequency wrapping coefficient. The mel frequency wrapping coefficient of each frame in each input voice, is used as input on pattern recognition using artificial neural networks. The results of artificial neural networks are analyzed using decision logic to get a decision whether these two voices are the same or not. The output of the system is a decision that the tested sound is the same as or not with a voice comparison. Based on the level of compatibility of the test data produces a voice verification system with mel-frequency wrapping and artificial neural networks have a rate of 96% accuracy. The accuracy of the voice verification system can be an option to help resolve the issues in verification of voice recordings.
Rule Based Reasoning Untuk Monitoring Distribusi Bahan Bakar Minyak Secara Online dan Realtime menggunakan Radio Frequency Identification
Authors: Mustofa Mokhamad Iklil
Published: July 2017

The scarcity of fuel oil in Indonesia often occurs due to delays in delivery caused by natural factors or transportation constraints. Theaim of this  research is to develop systems of fuel distribution monitoring online and realtime using rule base reasoning method and radio frequency identification technology. The rule-based reasoning method is used as a rule-based reasoning model used for monitoring distribution and determine rule-based safety stock. The monitoring system program is run with a web-based computer application. Radio frequency identification technology is used by utilizing radio waves as an media identification. This technology is used as a system of tracking and gathering information from objects automatically. The research data uses data of delayed distribution of fuel from fuel terminal to consumer. The monitoring technique uses the time of departure, the estimated time to arrive, the route / route passed by a fuel tanker attached to the radio frequency Identification tag. This monitoring system is carried out by the radio frequency identification reader connected online at any gas station or specified position that has been designed with study case in Semarang. The results of the research covering  the status of rule based reasoning that sends status, that is timely and appropriate paths, timely and truncated pathways, late and on track, late and cut off, and tank lost. The monitoring system is also used in determining the safety stock warehouse, with the safety stock value determined based on the condition of the stock warehouse rules.
Implementasi Simple Additive Weighting Untuk Monitoring Aktivitas Perkuliahan Dengan Menggunakan Radio Frequency Identification
Authors: Darmawan Ashari
Published: July 2017

Monitoring of learning activities has a very important role to improve the quality of education in University. The research  aims to develop a monitoring system of learning activities in real time by using simple additive weighting and radio frequency identification technology.A simple additive weighting method is used to determine the weighting of each criterion involved in the system, while radio frequency identification technology is used electronically to identify and store learning activity information. Monitoring system built using learning activities data in the room and lecturer activities using radio frequency identification tag in real time. The results of the system include the recording of monitoring data of lecturing activities that produce lecturer attendance reports on each class in real  time, thus making efficient the time, effort and cost. The system also produces a ranking of lecturer discipline on each of the criteria that gives the difference of outcomes among the consistent lecturers present on schedule with inconsistent lecturers present on schedule. The results of monitoring of lecture activities can be used for university leaders as a decision-making material quickly based on actual data in real time to improve the quality of the learning process.
Penerapan Metode Economical Order Quantity Untuk Sistem Stok Barang Penggudangan dengan menggunakan teknologi Radio Frequency Identification
Authors: Istanto Teddy
Published: July 2017

The application of Economical Order Quantity method to stock warehouse system by using Radio Frequency Identification technology can provide information that can minimize stock availability in real time.  The research aims to develop the stock system using the methods of Economical Order Quantity, Reorder Point and Radio Frequency Identification technology. Computation of Economical Order Quantity is used per month with variables covering amount of raw material, ordering cost and storage cost. Reorder Point computation using lead time variable, raw material usage and safety stock. Safety stock is used if there is a delay in delivery of goods from suppliers, so it does not run out of raw materials and the company can still operate. The inventory data is obtained from transactions of incoming and outgoing goods which are recorded automatically when passing through Radio Frequency Identification reader. The computation of Economical Order Quantity, Reorder Point produces safety stock as output stock system. With the stock of goods in accordance with the fulfillment of Safety stock, then there is no delay in the delivery of goods from suppliers, so it does not run out of raw materials, after determination of the value of re-ordering.
Implementasi Rule Based Expert Systems untuk Realtime Monitoring Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana Menggunakan Teknologi Radio Frequency Identification
Authors: Fuah Mar
Published: July 2017

One of the problems in the criminal case completions is that the difficulty of making decision to estimate when the settlement of the case file will be fulfilled. It is caused by the number of case files handled and detention time changing. Therefore, the fast and accurate information is needed. The research aims to develop a monitoring system tracking and tracking of scheduling rules using Rule Based Expert Systems method with 17 rules, and supported by Radio Frequency Identification technology (RFID) in the form of computer applications. Based on the output of the system, an analysis is performed in the criminal case settlement process with a set of IF-THEN rules. The RFID reader read the data of case files through radio wave signals emitted by the antenna toward active-Tag attached in the criminal case file. The system is designed to monitor the tracking and tracing of RFID-based scheduling rules in realtime way that was built in the form of computer application in accordance with the system design. This study results in no failure in reading active tags by the RFID reader to detect criminal case files that had been examined. There were many case files handled in three different location, they were the constabulary, prosecutor, and judges of district court and RFID was able to identify them simultaneously. So, RFID supports the implementation of Rule Based Expert Systems very much for realtime monitoring in criminal case accomplishment.
Methods for controlling stored urine odor in resource-oriented sanitation
Authors: Hashemi Shervin , Han Mooyoung
Published: July 2017

Urine odor is a major challenge in the development of resource-oriented sanitation (ROS). One common solution to overcome odor issues is to use energy-consuming ventilation practices. However, historically ancient Koreans practiced separation of urine and feces, followed by the collection and utilization of gathered sanitary matters. Furthermore, ancient Persians developed solutions to urine odor issues. This study investigates the role of NH3 concentration on odor production in stored urine using the standard threshold odor number (TON) measurement. Trends in pH and NH3 production, as well as their interactions with TON, were investigated by simulating ancient Korean practices that stored urine under anaerobic conditions at different temperatures. The results show a direct relationship between the concentrations of NH3 and TON. Storing urine under anaerobic conditions leads to the production of NH3, which intensifies as temperature increases. The effect of pH and NH3 concentrations on the TON of stored urine explains the ancient Persian approach, given that additives, such as acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate, are effective for removing urine odor. Such approaches can be successfully applied to ROS systems.
A study of the effect of water quality-related variables on some age-related diseases adjusted for other well-known risk factors: a multivariate multilevel study
Authors: Ranathunga Kapuruge Nishika Oshadini , Sooriyarachchi M. R.
Published: July 2017

Mortality rates of some diseases are affected by water quality. This research examines the roles of two factors related to water quality, namely the quality of drinking water termed ‘water’ and the quality of sanitation termed ‘sanitation’. Two age-related diseases, cardiovascular disease and diabetes (CDD) and chronic respiratory conditions (CRC) are considered while adjusting for personal health issues, environmental and geographical factors. The dataset consists of worldwide mortality rates of adults for the mentioned diseases in 195 countries. These countries are clustered within continents geographically and literature shows the importance of considering the geographical effect of a continent. Furthermore, the two diseases were highly related to each other. Accordingly, the multivariate multilevel model was fitted to the dataset. The results indicated that when the usage of improved drinking water sources and sanitation facilities decreases, the chance of mortality from the two diseases increases. Furthermore, the difference in the risk of the diseases was statistically significant between the continents. It showed that North America and Europe had a lower risk of having CDD and CRC compared to Asia and Oceania. Therefore, the results revealed that the factors ‘water’ and ‘sanitation’ play important roles for this macro geographical variation of CDD and CRC.
Una aproximación a la administración municipal comparada. Los casos de los gobiernos locales de Austin y Hermosillo
Authors: Pineda Pablos Nicolás
Published: July 2017

Este trabajo hace una breve descripción comparada de los gobiernos y administraciones locales de la ciudad de Austin, Texas, y del municipio de Hermosillo, Sonora. El propósito que mueve la comparación es revisar el grado de autonomía y los lazos y vínculos de control existentes en cada gobierno local tanto con respecto a los niveles estatal y federal de gobierno como con la ciudadanía de cada lugar. De este modo se revisan los aspectos del concepto de gobierno local, de la base legal, de la conformación del máximo órgano de gobierno, del ámbito sustantivo de funciones, la estructura financiera de ingreso y gasto y la participación electoral. La conclusión general es que el municipio de Hermosillo se denota por un lado estrechamente atado y controlado por el gobierno estatal y federal y, por otro, con una débil relación con la ciudadanía local. Se aprecia, sin embargo, en el aspecto electoral una fuerte intencionalidad de cambio con base en la alta participación electoral existente en Hermosillo.
Trayectorias productivas y tecnología ambiental en la industria maquiladora electrónica de Tijuana
Authors: García Jiménez Humberto
Published: July 2017

El objetivo principal del presente estudio es analizar los fa c t o res de aprendizaje y de competencias involucrados en la selección, introducción y puesta en práctica de tecnologías ambientales en las empresas filiales electrónicas de Tijuana. La pregunta central que se pretende responder en esta investigación es: ¿De qué manera la evolución de competencias productivas de las filiales transnacionales condiciona la introducción y puesta en marcha de tecnologías ambientales? En virtud de que la industria maquiladora de exportación electrónica en Tijuana ha experimentado diferentes fases de evolución productiva, la hipótesis de este documento establece que la capacidad, habilidad y necesidad de incorporar tecnologías ambientales se encuentra asociada con el nivel de conocimiento manufacturero y el rol de la empresa filial dentro de su red corporativa. Este trabajo muestra algunos resultados del proyecto de investigación del mismo título, desarrollado entre los meses de enero y agosto de 1998. El estudio abarcó una muestra de 12 empresas, que fueron seleccionadas y clasificadas en tres momentos de evolución productiva a partir de los trabajos de Alonso y Carrillo (1996) y Contreras et al. (1996). El análisis de trayectorias productivas en relación con el medio ambiente identifica los factores principales involucrados en la selección, introducción y aplicación de tecnologías ambientales, con los cuales enriquecemos el contexto de decisiones productivas y ambientales propuestas por nuestro modelo hipotético.
Movilidad laboral geográfica en un antiguo enclave minero. La inversión de un mercado de trabajo local
Authors: Contreras Delgado Camilo
Published: July 2017

Este artículo examina los fa c t o res internos y externos a una localidad que son copartícipes en la estructuración y reestructuración de su mercado de trabajo local. A partir de la revisión de la historia social y económica del lugar, se destaca su tránsito de enclave minero a lugar de residencia de mineros y trabajadores de maquiladoras. En este caso, se presenta la constitución de los mercados de trabajo locales como un resultado del encuentro de las condiciones del lugar de residencia de los trabajadores y el lugar donde se encuentra el centro de trabajo. De aquí que la movilidad laboral geográfica aparezca como una de las tácticas de los sujetos ante una situación de desempleo.
Flexibilidad del trabajo: discurso y construcción social
Authors: De la Garza Toledo Enrique
Published: July 2017

A lo largo de este artículo se presentan diversas teorías y experiencias de flexibilidad laboral en México. El texto se inicia con un resumen de las principales teorías y argumentos discursivos sobre la flexibilización del trabajo en América Latina. Posteriormente se analiza el caso mexicano y sus distintas etapas: 1) de 1980 a 1992, caracterizada por una flexibilización unilateral y el inicio de un nuevo modelo económico; 2) de 1992 a 1994, en que se busca construir una nueva flexibilidad con intervención sindical, pero dirigida por las empresas; y 3) a partir de 1995, se intenta crear una alianza entre empresas y sindicatos mediante la firma de convenios de productividad, sin mucho éxito, y aparecen importantes disidencias en el sindicalismo oficial . Entre otros aspectos, el trabajo muestra que la ventaja comparativa del bajo salario continúa jugando un papel determinante y constituye uno de los factores que provocan que la modernización de las empresas exportadoras en México no sea muy pronunciada .Asimismo, argumenta que las características de la Ley Federal del Trabajo, los Contratos Colectivos de Trabajo, las diferentes estrategias empresariales de modernización y las particularidades de las relaciones industriales y el sistema político mexicano son elementos que explican las causas de la limitada extensión de la flexibilidad laboral en México.
Administración del agua y los recursos de la nación: la Junta Federal de Mejoras Materiales, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, 1931-1936
Authors: Zetina Rodríguez María del Carmen , García Pereyra Rutilio , Rangel Guzmán Efraín
Published: July 2017

El gobierno constituyó la Junta Federal de Mejoras Materiales para administrar y controlar los recursos económicos y la construcción de obras públicas en las fronteras y los puertos de México. El objetivo general de esta investigación fue analizar cómo se instauró y funcionó dicho organismo en Ciudad Juárez, en el contexto de la centralización/federalización de los recursos hídricos del país, de 1931 a 1936; para ello se revisaron los archivos históricos. Una de las limitaciones del estudio fue el desconocimiento de los antecedentes de la administración de los recursos hídricos en este poblado. Por lo que su aportación amplía el conocimiento escaso que había sobre el funcionamiento de las juntas en las fronteras. Entre los descubrimientos se puede citar que en el Ayuntamiento de Juárez, la pérdida de autonomía en la administración de las aguas se sumó a un despojo material y económico, en el que intervinieron varias instituciones y dependencias de gobierno.
Contextualización socioambiental del agave en Tonaya, Jalisco, México
Authors: Rodríguez Contreras Francia Elizabeth , Martínez Rivera Luis Manuel , Palomera García Carlos
Published: July 2017

En Tonaya, el agave verde (Agave angustifolia Haw) se cultiva desde 1845, pero en la actualidad el agave azul (Agave tequilana Weber) lo ha reemplazado casi en su totalidad. El cambio de cultivo y el incremento en la demanda del licor de agave provocó daños ambientales. En este artículo se describe el contexto histórico, los efectos socioambientales generados por la industria destiladora de agave, y también se analiza cómo intervienen las instituciones gubernamentales; un estudio hasta hoy inexistente para la región. Se trabajó con información de archivos bibliográficos y de entrevistas a actores clave, mediante la técnica bola de nieve. Además, se analizaron los efectos causados a la biodiversidad y a la calidad del agua del vertido de desechos líquidos o vinazas en el río Tuxcacuesco. Se tomaron decisiones que redujeron la contaminación ambiental, sin embargo, muchas de las acciones se han abandonado, lo que de nuevo pone en riesgo la integridad del sistema acuático y lo que representa.
Valoración económica para la protección socioambiental de la vaquita marina, una especie endémica
Authors: García Gómez José , Chávez Nungaray Erika
Published: July 2017

Las prácticas humanas irracionales sobre el medio ambiente hacen indispensable implementar medidas de protección, como la Reserva de la Biosfera del Alto Golfo de California y Delta del Río Colorado, para preservar el entorno natural y los hábitats, y así favorecer la diversidad biológica. En este trabajo se buscó determinar el soporte económico local, a través de la valoración de la vaquita marina, especie endémica en peligro de extinción que habita en la reserva, y también divulgar el proceso analítico en red, una metodología de valoración poco utilizada en el tema ambiental, que incorpora apropiadamente las interrelaciones en un esquema sistémico. El resultado arrojó que para proteger a la especie se requieren recursos adicionales a los poco más de dos millones setecientos cincuenta mil dólares estadounidenses al año, que es el valor de la vaquita. Para realizar el estudio no se contó con datos más amplios respecto a las actividades productivas en la zona, las implicaciones socioeconómicas de pesca y su impacto en la diversidad biológica. La originalidad y el valor de este trabajo radican en la metodología empleada y la interrelación que provee para el análisis.
The features of geodetic maintenance of cadastral activities in the Russian Federation
Authors: Mirzoeva A.E. , Ovchinnikova A.S.
Published: July 2017

Today the studying of geodetic maintenance of cadastral activities in the Russian Federation is an extremely important and topical issue at the present stage of development of the interrelation between geodesy and the sphere of land and property relations. The research tasks are to identify problem aspects in the practical geodetic activity, as well as to analyze the role of geodesy for one of the most important areas of its application. Specificity of geodetic support of cadastral works is considered. The methods of determining the coordinates of the characteristic points of the boundaries of land plots and other real estate objects are compared, the main problems of geodetic work for cadastral purposes are formulated, and the direct dependence of land tax and rent on the area of the real estate object is revealed. In this way, the article reflects the importance of surveying for land and real estate management system.
Lessons from space: new format, new opportunities
Authors: Knyazeva M.D.
Published: July 2017

Implementation of space technologies into educational process in the study not only physics, mathematics and astronomy, computer science, geography, ecology, history, natural history and other school subjects. “Lessons from space in a new format” is a continuation of the project cosmonaut Alexander Serebrov “lessons from space”. The main objective of the project is to develop teaching materials for school course of aerospace education. Such materials can be used in class groups and sections of an aerospace focus, and also within the main school course and are not adjusted for stronger training and development of interest of schoolchildren to work in the aerospace industry. It is very important to organize technically equipped educational environment and maximize the utilization of the training space. It is important to understand that the space lessons are very necessary for the education and training of the younger generation. This is particularly interesting when the cosmonaut becomes a teacher. No matter where he performs a lesson in class or in orbit. In today’s rapidly changing world, a variety of teaching and educational process is not simply the acquisition of knowledge is primarily on the training of future active citizens who will strive to preserve and develop peace on Earth and in space.
Disruption of Lipid Uptake in Astroglia Exacerbates Diet-Induced Obesity
Authors: Gao Yuanqing , Layritz Clarita , Legutko Beata , Eichmann Thomas O. , Laperrousaz Elise , Moullé Valentine S. , Cruciani-Guglielmacci Celine , Magnan Christophe , Luquet Serge , Woods Stephen C. , Eckel Robert H. , Yi Chun-Xia , Garcia-Caceres Cristina , Tschöp Matthias H.
Published: July 2017

Neuronal circuits in the brain help to control feeding behavior and systemic metabolism in response to afferent nutrient and hormonal signals. Although astrocytes have historically been assumed to have little relevance for such neuroendocrine control, we investigated whether lipid uptake via lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in astrocytes is required to centrally regulate energy homeostasis. Ex vivo studies with hypothalamus-derived astrocytes showed that LPL expression is upregulated by oleic acid, whereas it is decreased in response to palmitic acid or triglycerides. Likewise, astrocytic LPL deletion reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets in those glial cells. Consecutive in vivo studies showed that postnatal ablation of LPL in glial fibrillary acidic protein–expressing astrocytes induced exaggerated body weight gain and glucose intolerance in mice exposed to a high-fat diet. Intriguingly, astrocytic LPL deficiency also triggered increased ceramide content in the hypothalamus, which may contribute to hypothalamic insulin resistance. We conclude that hypothalamic LPL functions in astrocytes to ensure appropriately balanced nutrient sensing, ceramide distribution, body weight regulation, and glucose metabolism.
Implementasi Program Bimbngan dan Konseling
Authors: Kamil Annas , Alizamar Alizamar , Yusri Yusri
Published: July 2017

Abstract: Basic tasks the teacher supervisor is compiling the program guidance and counseling, implement the program guidance and counseling, evaluate program implementation guidance and counseling, analysis of the results of the implementation of the guidance and counseling and follow-up program implementation guidance and counseling to learners who becomes his responsibility. In fact guidance and counseling teachers of government senior high schools in Solok Regency did not elaborate on the program guidance and counseling in accordance with the types of services and areas of development without any elaboration time allocation, class of service to be provided, the material will be presented and didn’t have the weekly program of guidance and counseling. This study used a descriptive approach. The population of the research is all of guidance and counseling teachers in government senior high schools in Solok Regency, totally 49 people with sampling techniques namely the sampling area of 32 people. Data collection techniques using question form. The Data were analyzed using percentage technique.
Renewable Energy – Panacea for Climate Change?
Authors: Ö. Göl
Published: July 2017

Within  a  few  short  decades,  climate  change  has  become  a  menacing  reality  rather  than  a  remote  possibility,  threatening the planet Earth and its inhabitants. There is frantic activity  at  many  fronts  to  thwart  its  advance  and  reverse  the  trend. Use  of  renewable  energy  sources  is  often  hailed  as  one  of  the  measures  in  combating  climate  change.  There  are  action  plans  based  on  international  protocols,  governments  setting  up  man-datory renewable energy targets. The paper gives an overview of climate change, critically exam-ines  the  role  of  renewable  energy  as  an  encountering  measure  and solicits consolidated action with major emphasis on aware-ness raising and education.
Improving the operation and maintenance of wind farms: determination of wind turbine performance
Authors: A. Llombart-Estopiñan
Published: July 2017

To improve the economic and technical wind farm operation is necessary an accurate determination of wind turbine performance. To do so it is necessary to estimate the unavailability and the efficiency of each wind turbine.
The first step consists in filtering the data set of the period to be studied. Two data sets are obtained, a first set where all data corresponds to time periods in which the wind turbines have worked properly, and the rest of data correspond to periods in which the WT have had some problems, and have to stop during part of the time.
The second set is useful to get the unavailability measured both in time and power, and the first one to get the efficiency.
In both cases a model to get the relationship between power and wind speed is needed. The CIRCE’s AIRE (Renewable Energy Integral Analysis) group is working in automatic methods for filtering wrong data and characterizing the wind turbine behaviour with the objective of improving the operation and maintenance of wind farms.
Unified loss theory and its application on low voltage networks
Authors: Dr. András Dán  , David Raisz  , David Raisz
Published: July 2017

This paper presents a unified loss theory, a measurement and computation method for the determination of network losses. This approach enables to jointly treat and compare the different components of losses such as reactive current, time-variance, asymmetry and harmonic currents, thus making it possible to evaluate the effect of different loss-reduction investments. Further a stochastic loss computation method is introduced, and compared to the previously shown method. Finally, measurement results and their evaluation are presented.
High Voltage of two batteries-two five-levels NPC voltages sources inverters cascade. Application to the DSIM drive
Authors: S. Arezki  , E.M. Berkouk
Published: July 2017

In  this  paper,  the  authors  present  the  stability  problem of the input DC voltages of the five levels neutral point   clamping   (NPC),   when   power   is   provided   by   a   continuous source constant (Batterie). In  order  to  sabilisis  these  DC  voltages,  they  present  and  study  a  new  cascade:  two  batteries-two  capacitors  filters-two five levels NPC voltage source inverter (VSI) applies to the double star induction machine (DSIM).  The  results  show  that  the  input  DC  voltages  of  the  two  inverters are not stable. To improve the performances of the cascade  and  to  stabilise  the  input  DC  voltages,  the  authors  propose in this paper a solution that uses a clamping bridge. The result confirms the good performances of the proposed solution. So it is full of promise to use this inverter in high voltage and great power applications.
A Minimal-Order Observer Based Control Method for PV Generator to Reduce Frequency Deviations of Power System
Authors: Tomonobu Senjyu  , Manoj Datta  , Atsushi Yona  , Toshihisa Funabashi  , Chul-Hwan Kim
Published: July 2017

In this paper, a minimal-order observer based control method is proposed for small power utility connected PV systems. In the proposed method, the PV power is controlled according to load variation to minimize the frequency deviation. Load power and diesel power is estimated by a minimal order observer successfully. From the estimated load power, load variation index is calculated. A second-order low-pass filter is used to produce PV base power from available maximum PV power. Then, PV base power is added with the load variation index to generate the command PV power. The proposed method is compared with the method where Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control is used to produce the command PV power. From simulation results, it has been found that the proposed method is effective to reduce the frequency deviation of the utility and also delivers PV power near maximum PV power
Electromagnetic Interferences in Inverter-Fed Induction Motor Drives
Authors: Stanislav Bartos  , Ivo Dolezel  , Jakub Necesany  , Jiri Skramlik  , Viktor Valouch
Published: July 2017

The paper deals with the numerical modeling of a pulse-width   modulated   voltage   inverter-fed   induction   motor   drive  for  the  common  and  differential  current  modes.  The  pro-posed  model  of  the  drive  respects  the  influence  of  the  feeding  cable  described  by  the  lumped  or  distributed  parameters.  The  theoretical analysis is supplemented by results of relevant simula-tions  and  experiments.  Evaluated  are  also  the  frequency  charac-teristics of selected parts of the system and their contributions to its resultant harmonic spectra.
Weighting function integrated in grid-interfacing converters for unbalanced voltage correction
Authors: Fei Wang  , Jorge L. Duarte  , Marcel A. M. Hendrix
Published: July 2017

In  this  paper  a  weighting  function  for  voltage  unbalance  correction  is  proposed  to  be  integrated  into  the  control  of  distributed  grid-interfacing  systems.  The  correction  action  can  help  decrease  the  negative-sequence  voltage  at  the  point   of   connection   with   the   grid.   Based   on   the   voltage   unbalance  factor  and  system  power  capacity,  the  interfacing  converter delivers a small amount of negative-sequence current to  the  grid  and  helps  correcting  the  negative-sequence  voltage.  Although the reduced amplitudes contributed by each individual DG  system  are  very  small  compared  to  the  total  negative-sequence    component,    many    DG    system    modules    can    collectively achieve substantial results in the grid. As a practical example,   a   three-phase   grid-interfacing   converter   servicing   sensitive loads with distributed sources is employed to integrate this   additional   function.   Design   principles,   simulation   and   experimental results are presented to verify the proposal.
A suitable power transfer control system for interconnection converter of DC microgrids
Authors: Mishel Mahmoodi  , Reza Noroozian  , Gevorg B. Gharehpetian  , Mehrdad Abedi
Published: July 2017

The operation and control strategies for interconnection of DC microgrids have not been studied in previous researches. In this paper, an electrical model has been developed for DC microgrids and a suitable control system has been proposed for a DC/DC converter connecting two DC microgrids. Simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in power flow control and the cancellation of interactions between two DC microgrids.
Intelligent sun-tracking system for efficiency maximization of photovoltaic energy production
Authors: João M. G. Figueiredo  , José M. G. Sá da Costa
Published: July 2017

This paper focuses on the optimization of the electric energy production by photovoltaic cells through the development of an intelligent sun-tracking system. The developed tracking system is innovative in relation to the usual sun tracking systems available in the market. In fact, the developed solution has many advantages in relation to similar existing devices, as this system is autonomous regarding the information needed to process the optimal orientation and is intelligent in a way that it performs on-line monitoring of the photovoltaic energy production.
An experimental prototype was built and field results have proven the good performance of the developed tracking system.
Energy quality in voltage, current and power signals
Authors: T. Yebra  , V. Fuster
Published: July 2017

This article deals with the processing of electrical signals for use in the analysis of the quality of electrical energy in installations. The calculations are based on a three-phase wave, taking into account the evolution in time of the sequential components. The currents within the system are also factored in, and one of the diverse theories of power in non-sinusoidal regimes is applied.
As a result of the described processing, it was possible to show that the three-phase wave enables a better level of compression of the physical phenomena causing perturbations. Future studies will focus on quality parameters of electrical current signals, as these provide information regarding charge problems. The measurement of power brings a new focus, which allows the evaluation of perturbations according to their energy efficiency.
Realization of an asynchronous six-phase induction motor drive test-rig
Authors: R. Gregor  , R. Gregor  , F. Barrero  , S. Toral  , M.J. Durán
Published: July 2017

The potential advantages of multi-phase solutions over the conventional 3-phase ones have been widely discussed in the literature. Their feasibilities and performances have been recently described and proven. The main goal of this paper is to design and implement a test rig to evaluate control policies for a double-3-phase induction motor drive, a multiphase drive with an increasing interest in ship propulsion, locomotive traction or electrical vehicles (EV) applications
Quality of electricity supply as a service
Authors: Ervin SERŠEN  , Jože VORŠIČ
Published: July 2017

Electricity supply has nowadays become a part of every day life and is a service expected by electricity consumers. Their expectations rely on the availability of electricity whenever needed and on a safe and satisfactory operation of all connected electrical devices.
The expenses of electricity quality are in the time of open market very important to the consumers and especially to the industry. They in fact signify an additional value which can be ensured to the consumers by the suppliers in order to increase their productivity and reliability of the production process.
In order to carry out economic regulation of network charge, the Energy Agency of the Republic of Slovenia (Slovenian regulator) monitors the quality of electricity supply, which is divided into: reliability (continuity) of supply, voltage quality and commercial quality. The Agency monitors the parameters of quality electricity supply with the intention of permanently increasing and maintaining its level, respectively.
At the other side on have to know where the disturbances are coming. In the past, research of transiting disturbance from one part of energy system to another was carried out by means of different instruments and methods, from computer to experimental. Transient system analyzers provided good matches with field measurements, still their usage in the increasingly extensive systems has become useless (unfeasible or inaccurate). “Live” research is nowadays practically unfeasible on a mid-voltage or high voltage level.
The development of big digital computers has brought about new possibilities in this area. Thirty years ago, a wide number of methods came to light along with their specificity for digital solutions of transient phenomena in an electricity system. Current PCs are capable enough and programs can be obtained in a user-friendly form.