bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recommendations for the management of children with influenza in a primary care setting – COMPAS INFLUENZA. Update for the 2023/2024 season
Authors: Sybilski Adam Jerzy , Mastalerz-Migas Agnieszka , Jackowska Teresa , Woroń Jarosław , Kuchar Ernest , Doniec Zbigniew
Published: April 2024

Five years after publishing the first Polish recommendations on the management of influenza, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a need to update the recommendations. Influenza is an acute infectious disease of the respiratory tract that occurs in all age groups. The course of the disease may vary in severity and clinical picture, from asymptomatic to severe with symptoms of respiratory failure. The possibility of pandemic infections and serious complications distinguish influenza from other viral respiratory diseases. Diagnosis is most often clinical, and in justified cases additional tests may be helpful. The disease is characterised by a sudden onset with general symptoms such as fever, feeling cold, chills, headache, muscle and joint pain, malaise, lack of appetite and severe weakness. General symptoms are accompanied by respiratory manifestations. Physical examination shows no characteristic features. In outpatient settings during the epidemic season (October – April), the diagnosis should be made based on clinical symptoms and physical examination. Oseltamivir is recommended for both treatment and chemoprophylaxis. Clinical benefits are greatest when treatment is started as early as possible, within 48 hours of symptom onset. Clinical trials indicate that early treatment with oseltamivir may reduce both the duration of the disease and the risk of complications. Annual vaccination is the most effective method of preventing influenza, with severe anaphylactic reaction after previous vaccination being the only absolute contraindication.
“Real food” enteral formulas in everyday clinical practice
Authors: Toporowska-Kowalska Ewa , Horvath Andrea , Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz Agnieszka , Kierkuś Jarosław , Lebensztejn Dariusz Marek , Książyk Janusz
Published: April 2024

Enteral nutrition is a component of therapy for children whose ability to take in food by the natural route is impaired but whose gastrointestinal tract capacity still allows for nutrient digestion and absorption. According to guidelines, the optimum types of food for enteral feeding are ready-to-use commercial formulas (food for a special medical purpose, FSMP), which are classified into polymeric, oligomeric and amino acid/elemental. Using a blended kitchen diet as a sole food source is currently not universally recommended due to the higher risk of nutritional deficiencies and contamination with pathogenic microorganisms. However, in everyday practice, given isolated reports indicating their beneficial effects on gastrointestinal function, blended diets are attracting increasing interest and popularity. The so-called “real food” diets, available in some European countries and the USA, are a step towards the standardised and microbiologically safe use of natural nutrients in enteral nutrition. These fall into the category of industrial diets but, in addition to cow’s milk protein, they contain various other natural foods. This article summarises current knowledge on the efficacy and safety of “real food” diets. A small number of studies with limited reliability have been identified, making a joint summary of the obtained results impossible. Despite the limited scientific evidence, the descriptions of various clinical situations presented in the literature show a good clinical response in patients receiving “real food” diets. This suggests that such treatment should be attempted for children with significant gastrointestinal complaints and poor tolerance to standard enteral formulas.
Allergy as a potential aetiology of micturition disorders in children
Authors: Rakowska-Silska Magda , Lipińska-Opałka Agnieszka Maria , Jobs Katarzyna , Zieniuk Krystyna , Rustecka Agnieszka , Kalicki Bolesław
Published: April 2024

Introduction: In the paediatric population, the co-occurrence of micturition disorders with allergic diseases is often observed. The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether allergic aetiology may be a potential cause of micturition disorders in children. Materials and methods: The study included 69 children who were divided into two main cohorts: patients with and without voiding disorders. Among them, subgroups of children with allergies and children without allergic reactions were distinguished. In all patients, the absolute and percentage content of eosinophils in the blood and selected immune parameters were assessed. The usefulness of minimally invasive diagnostic methods in the diagnosis of allergic aetiology of micturition disorders in children was also evaluated. Results: It was shown that in the cohort of patients with voiding disorders, monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis occurred statistically more commonly in the group of children with atopy compared to the children without atopy. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the percentage values of immune parameters. It was found that urine cytology and urethral swab were not helpful tools in assessing allergic reactions in the bladder. Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis co-occurs with allergy significantly more often than with other types of voiding disorders. The importance of urine cytology and urethral smear for the presence of eosinophils in demonstrating the allergic aetiology of micturition disorders in children was not confirmed.
Clinical course and complications of RSV versus non-RSV bronchiolitis in hospitalised children
Authors: Kobiałka Małgorzata , Jackowska Teresa , Wrotek August
Published: April 2024

Introduction and objective: Bronchiolitis in young children often requires hospitalisation. It is mostly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and aetiological factors may be associated with clinical presentation and prognosis. We aimed to compare the epidemiology, clinical features, severity and management of RSV and non-RSV bronchiolitis. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study included hospitalised children under 2 years of age. Children with a positive rapid antigen diagnostic test and/or molecular study were included in the RSV group, while those with a negative result were classified as non-RSV bronchiolitis. We compared patient history, clinical presentation, disease severity including passive oxygen therapy, intensive care unit transfer, death, length of hospital stay, presence of complications, oxygen saturation <92%, acidosis, hypercapnia and treatment used. Results: The study included 524 patients (median age 2 months): 462 (88%) RSV and 62 (12%) non-RSV cases. A 7-fold increase in the number of cases was observed between 2010–2011 and 2017–2018. A univariate regression model showed lower odds of family history of atopy (odds ratio, OR = 0.46), higher odds of cough (OR = 4.74), apathy (OR = 2.61), feeding difficulties (OR = 2.03) and vomiting (OR = 3.34) in the RSV group. RSV patients required oxygen therapy (OR = 3.78) and antibiotics (OR = 2.82) more frequently, received inhaled steroid therapy for longer (9 vs. 8 days) and had a higher likelihood of complications (OR = 4.24). A multivariate model showed statistical significance for cough (OR = 6.22), oxygen therapy (OR = 4.43) and complications (OR = 15.95). Conclusions: We observed an increasing trend in bronchiolitis hospitalisations, including RSV bronchiolitis, which was associated with a more severe disease course. No significant clinical features were identified to replace laboratory tests.
Assessment of the health status and pharmacological treatment of neonates with osteogenesis imperfecta – 20-year single-centre observations
Authors: Jakubowska-Pietkiewicz Elżbieta , Górczewska Bogumiła Alicja , Nowicki Jakub , Chlebna-Sokół Danuta , Woźniak Elżbieta
Published: April 2024

Introduction and objective: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a heritable bone dysplasia resulting in reduced bone mineral density. Fractures of long bones, which are the dominant symptom of osteogenesis imperfecta, can be diagnosed already in foetal life. Multiple fractures are associated with severe pain, which may cause deterioration of the newborn’s general condition, respiratory and circulatory disorders, and reduced general motor activity. The aim of the study was to summarise the experience resulting from many years of care and treatment of neonates with osteogenesis imperfecta types II and III. Materials and methods: The study included 53 newborns with osteogenesis imperfecta hospitalised at the Department of Paediatrics, Newborn Pathology and Bone Metabolic Diseases in the years 2001–2021. All children underwent a babygram and an assessment of their health status, including calcium and phosphorus metabolism parameters. Results: In 67.3% of cases, the mother was informed before delivery that she would give birth to a sick child. The general condition of the newborns was moderately severe to severe in 43.4%. Physical examination revealed abnormal body proportions related to previous fractures in 98.1% of patients, including long bones of limbs. More than 10 fresh bone fractures were diagnosed in 34% of children. Conclusions: Prenatal diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta indicates its severe course (multiple fractures) in the neonatal period. Therefore, it requires care in a specialised centre that will provide safe, symptomatic pharmacological treatment (bisphosphonates) to reduce both pain and the risk of further bone fractures.
Preterm human milk analysis confirms that all examined components change within four weeks of life
Authors: Seliga-Siwecka Joanna , Chmielewska Anna
Published: April 2024

Introduction and objective: Human milk contains all the nutrients and bioactive components required for the optimal growth and development of newborns. It is also an optimal source of nutrition in premature infants, however it does not fully meet their nutritional demands. Studies have shown that infants fed exclusively human milk have better enteral nutrition tolerance, lower risk of necrotising enterocolitis, and improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. The aim of the study was to analyse preterm content of human milk collected from women as part of a randomised controlled trial assessing tailored nutrition. Materials and methods: We studied 726 samples from 39 mothers of premature infants during their first postnatal four weeks. Infants were assigned to standard or tailored enteral nutrition, but all mothers were asked to pool milk samples from full breast expression at each feed across a 24-hour period twice a week. Glucose, fat, protein, and energy levels were measured using the Miris Human Milk Analyser and compared to published values. We assessed the relationship between postnatal week and human milk content. Results: Protein content decreased over time. Median protein at four weeks of postnatal age was 1.37 and 1.32 per 100 mL (tailored vs. standard group, respectively). Lipid content increased over time. Median lipid content at four weeks of postnatal age was 4.06 and 3.82 per 100 mL (tailored vs. standard group). Glucose remained stable. Energy content increased over time only in the tailored group. Median energy at four weeks of postnatal age was 73.35 per 100 mL. Conclusions: Variations in human milk content exist between populations and should be considered when prescribing enteral nutrition in preterm infants.
The role of fibroblast growth factor-2 in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very and extremely low birth weight infants
Authors: Kiciński Przemysław , Małachowska Beata , Wyka Krystyna , Gulczyńska Ewa
Published: April 2024

Introduction and objective: The aim of the study was to assess the association between serum levels of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in infants in the first week of life and the risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Materials and methods: The study included 103 infants, born before 32 weeks of gestation with a birth weight ≤1,500 g. Serum FGF-2 levels were measured in all newborns on days 1 and 7 of life. Results: Analysing the dynamics of changes in serum FGF-2 level, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed for birth weight (R = 0.20, p = 0.0423) in the first week of life. However, no statistically significant correlation was found for gestational age (R = 0.06, p = 0.5146). Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had significantly lower gestational age than those without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p < 0.0001) and birth weight (p < 0.0001). No statistically significant correlation was found between the dynamics of changes in serum FGF-2 level in the first week of life and the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia development for the definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia on day 28 of life (p = 0.5330), and for the definition as the need for supplemental oxygen and/or respiratory support at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age (p = 0.7914). Conclusions: The study found no association between the serum FGF-2 level in the first week of life and the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia development in infants born before 32 weeks of gestation with a birth weight ≤1,500 g. In the study group, a statistically significant positive correlation was found for birth weight. In our study, gestational age and birth weight were found to be among the major risk factors for the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Use of in vitro and in vivo tests in the diagnosis of food-induced anaphylaxis – a case study
Authors: Biela-Mazur Jadwiga , Czyżewska-Dudek Anna , Jazgarska Paulina
Published: April 2024

Food allergy is a chronic disease that affects both children and adults. Systemic allergic reactions in children are most commonly caused by foods, especially nuts, milk, and eggs. A conventional diagnostic work-up for allergy typically pinpoints the allergen source, while component-resolved diagnostics is an approach that identifies the allergen molecules responsible for causing anaphylaxis. In some cases, determining the causative agent of anaphylaxis requires the use of various diagnostic tests. In the following paper, we want to highlight the importance of a critical approach to allergy tests results and caution in the diagnosis of idiopathic anaphylaxis. Based on a case report of food-induced anaphylaxis, we discuss the diagnostic methods that can be applied following a negative IgE test result for allergens obtained with a multiplex platform.
Unique coexistence of SHOX and PTHLH gene mutations in a 12-year-old boy with syndromic short stature. Case report with literature review
Authors: Sobieszczańska-Droździel Aleksandra , Wojciechowska Katarzyna
Published: April 2024

Despite the availability of advanced genetic testing that enables accurate and reliable genotype assessment, clinicians continue to face diagnostic problems, especially in patients with potentially pathogenic mutations in different genes. SHOX gene mutations are the most common cause of proportional monogenic short stature, whereas the PTHLH gene encodes a parathormone-related protein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth, calcium ion transport, and bone development. The authors present the case of a 12-year-old boy with a short stature and a mosaic of developmental malformations; nephrocalcinosis; and calcium and magnesium metabolism disorders; with a unique coexistence of mutations in the SHOX and PTHLH genes. The presented case extends the clinical spectrum associated with these rare mutations and shows the usefulness of whole exome sequencing in diagnosing patients with atypical phenotypes.
Lobar pneumonia in a 3-year-old boy with a several-day history of influenza-like symptoms – a case report
Authors: Gościńska Agnieszka , Durda Dominika , Będzichowska Agata , Kalicki Bolesław
Published: April 2024

Influenza is an acute viral respiratory disease, which is particularly common in the paediatric population. Every year it affects about 25% of children. According to the National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene, almost three times as many cases of influenza were registered in the 2022/2023 infectious season compared to previous years. However, in the era of the influenza epidemic, diagnostic vigilance should be maintained, keeping in mind that the symptoms of some serious bacterial infections may initially mimic those of influenza. We present a case report of a 3-year-old boy with influenza-like symptoms, who was finally diagnosed with lobar pneumonia complicated by parapneumonic effusion. Early diagnosis and treatment spared the patient from invasive treatment for complications of pneumonia.
Analysis of factors predisposing to increased number of complications and mortality in patients with Fournier’s gangrene
Authors: Grabińska Agnieszka , Durma Adam Daniel , Durma Anna Celina , Burdziak Hubert , Michalczyk Łukasz , Piekarczyk Piotr , Grabińska Anna , Saracyn Marek , Syryło Tomasz , Ząbkowski Tomasz
Published: April 2024

Introduction and objective: Fournier’s gangrene is an infectious disease affecting the soft tissues of the groin area. The primary cause is bacterial infection of the tissues, which can quickly lead to necrosis and even systemic infection. Analysing the risk factors allows for estimating the potential course and complications of the disease. Materials and methods: An analysis was conducted on a group of 53 patients with Fournier’s gangrene hospitalised between 2010 and 2022 in the Military Institute of Medicine – National Research Institute, to assess the most common risk factors with a view to determining if their occurrence affects the length of hospitalisation, the severity of the disease, inflammatory parameters, kidney function, and mortality. Results: Diabetes, infection with resistant bacteria, and previous urological procedures did not significantly affect any of the examined parameters. Cardiovascular diseases, poor social status, and other cancers significantly increased the severity of the disease determined by the Fournier’s Gangrene Severity Index (FGSI). Cardiovascular diseases significantly worsened kidney function parameters. Cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases were the only ones significantly increasing mortality in the studied group. Hospitalisation during the COVID-19 pandemic only led to a significant increase in inflammatory parameters. No correlation was found between the number of risk factors and the length of hospitalisation, while a positive correlation was shown between the risk factors and the FGSI score. Conclusions: Patients diagnosed with Fournier’s gangrene and having cardiovascular or gastrointestinal diseases should undergo closer clinical observation to reduce mortality and the risk of complications. Patients with a higher number of risk factors present a more severe course of infection, as assessed by the FGSI.
Une Petite Specialité Called l’Amour
Authors: Carr Will
Published: April 2024

The particular focus in this paper is the way in which food and drink offers a way in to considering questions of identity, memory and autobiography in Burgess’s writing, and to suggest that looking at the differences in his presentation of English and French food cultures is especially interesting.
METHOD OF GENERATIVE-ADVERSARIAL NETWORKS SEARCHING ARCHITECTURES FOR BIOMEDICAL IMAGES SYNTHESIS
Authors: Berezsky O. M. , Liashchynskyi P. B.
Published: April 2024

Context. The article examines the problem of automatic design of architectures of generative-adversarial networks. Generativeadversarial networks are used for image synthesis. This is especially true for the synthesis of biomedical images – cytological and histological, which are used to make a diagnosis in oncology. The synthesized images are used to train convolutional neural networks. Convolutional neural networks are currently among the most accurate classifiers of biomedical images.

Objective. The aim of the work is to develop an automatic method for searching for architectures of generative-adversarial networks based on a genetic algorithm.

Method. The developed method consists of the stage of searching for the architecture of the generator with a fixed discriminator and the stage of searching for the architecture of the discriminator with the best generator.

At the first stage, a fixed discriminator architecture is defined and a generator is searched for. Accordingly, after the first step, the architecture of the best generator is obtained, i.e. the model with the lowest FID value.

At the second stage, the best generator architecture was used and a search for the discriminator architecture was carried out. At each cycle of the optimization algorithm, a population of discriminators is created. After the second step, the architecture of the generative-adversarial network is obtained.

Results. Cytological images of breast cancer on the Zenodo platform were used to conduct the experiments. As a result of the study, an automatic method for searching for architectures of generatively adversarial networks has been developed. On the basis of computer experiments, the architecture of a generative adversarial network for the synthesis of cytological images was obtained. The total time of the experiment was ~39.5 GPU hours. As a result, 16,000 images were synthesized (4000 for each class). To assess the quality of synthesized images, the FID metric was used.The results of the experiments showed that the developed architecture is the best. The network’s FID value is 3.39. This result is the best compared to well-known generative adversarial networks.

Conclusions. The article develops a method for searching for architectures of generative-adversarial networks for the problems of synthesis of biomedical images. In addition, a software module for the synthesis of biomedical images has been developed, which can be used to train CNN.
METHOD OF CREATING A MINIMAL SPANNING TREE ON AN ARBITRARY SUBSET OF VERTICES OF A WEIGHTED UNDIRECTED GRAPH
Authors: Batsamut V. M. , Hodlevsky S. O. , Babkov Yu. P. , Morkvin D. A.
Published: April 2024

Context. The relevance of the article is determined by the need for further development of models for optimal restoration of the connectivity of network objects that have undergone fragmentation due to emergency situations of various origins. The method proposed in this article solves the problematic situation of minimizing the amount of restoration work (total financial costs) when promptly restoring the connectivity of a selected subset of elements of a network object after its fragmentation.

The purpose of the study is to develop a method for creating a minimal spanning tree on an arbitrary subset of vertices of a weighted undirected graph to minimize the amount of restoration work and/or total financial costs when promptly restoring the connectivity of elements that have a higher level of importance in the structure of a fragmented network object.

Method. The developed method is based on the idea of searching for local minima in the structure of a model undirected graph using graph vertices that are not included in the list of base vertices to be united by a minimal spanning tree. When searching for local minima, the concept of an equilateral triangle and a radial structure in such a triangle is used. In this case, there are four types of substructures that provide local minima: first, those with one common base vertex; second, those with two common base vertices; third, those with three common base vertices; fourth, those without common base vertices, located in different parts of the model graph. Those vertices that are not included in the list of basic ones, but through which local minima are ensured, are added to the basic ones. Other vertices (non-basic) along with their incident edges are removed from the structure of the model graph. Then, using one of the well-known methods of forming spanning trees, a minimal spanning tree is formed on the structure obtained in this way, which combines the set of base vertices.

Results. 1) A method for creating a minimal spanning tree on an arbitrary subset of vertices of a weighted undirected graph has been developed. 2) A set of criteria for determining local minima in the structure of the model graph is proposed. 3) The method has been verified on test problems.

Conclusions. The theoretical studies and several experiments confirm the efficiency of the developed method. The solutions developed using the developed method are accurate, which makes it possible to recommend it for practical use in determining strategies for restoring the connectivity of fragmented network objects.
Demystifying Ceph: Unveiling the Power of Open-Source Software-Defined Storage: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Sivakumar Srinivas , Natesan Gobi
Published: April 2024

Ceph, a free and open-source software-defined storage (SDS) platform, offers a highly adaptable, distributed solution, accommodating various applications like cloud storage and virtualization. Deployment requires specific hardware, supported Linux distribution, and network reliability. Each node serves multiple roles, facilitating object storage, monitoring, and management. Configuration entails network setup, key generation, monitor map creation, and daemon configuration. While this abstract introduces Ceph's fundamentals, in-depth exploration mandates consulting official documentation for proper configuration and best practices. It delves into Ceph's architecture, features, and applications. Providing unified storage for object, block, and file data.
Exploring the Efficacy and Ethical Implications of Penetration Testing in Network Security
Authors: Mehta Viraj , Rengarajan A.
Published: April 2024

In today's landscape, cybersecurity reigns supreme as cybercrimes surge. Businesses are on high alert, striving to shield themselves from online threats like hacking and data breaches. Various safeguards are in place to brace for such scenarios. However, penetration testing emerges as the ultimate litmus test to gauge the efficacy of these security measures. A penetration tester must meticulously select the appropriate tools, considering factors like budget, time, and scope. This study scrutinizes the effectiveness of scanning tools within a Kali Linux environment. The overarching objective of penetration testing is to ensure networks and systems remain impervious to security threats, preventing unauthorized access to resources. This paper delves into the intricacies of planning and executing a penetration test, targeting project managers or directors contemplating such an endeavor. Undoubtedly, conducting a penetration test is a complex undertaking, and organizations must weigh the suitability of this method for their specific needs.
Securing Industrial Control Systems: A Deep Dive into AI Approaches
Authors: Devika M , R Raghavendra
Published: April 2024

In the era of increasingly interconnected infrastructures and the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), industrial control systems (ICS) are encountering a growing susceptibility to cyber threats. This paper delves into the growing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) as a means to mitigate cybersecurity risks for ICS. AI-driven solutions play a pivotal role in detecting anomalies, pinpointing potential threats, and executing real-time responses to curtail risks. The authors extensively discuss the application of AI-based cybersecurity measures for ICS, encompassing techniques like anomaly detection, intrusion detection, and behavioral analysis. Furthermore, the narrative explores the challenges associated with implementing AI-centric cybersecurity solutions, such as concerns related to data privacy, system intricacies, and the imperative for continuous monitoring and updates. The authors draw upon case studies showcasing successful deployments of AI-driven cybersecurity solutions in industrial settings. Concluding the discussion, the authors propose a novel hybrid machine learning approach designed for anomaly detection in ICSs. This chapter serves as a comprehensive resource, shedding light on the role of AI in fortifying cybersecurity for industrial control systems. Its insights aim to enhance resilience against cyber-attacks, minimize the potential for system disruptions, and mitigate the risk of data breaches.
Data Transmission Security on Cloud Computing using Algorithm
Authors: Lalitha Sai , Pawar Rahul
Published: April 2024

Cloud computing enables businesses to efficiently store vast amounts of data in the cloud, which can be accessed seamlessly over the Internet without hardware compatibility constraints. However, the transmission of data over the Internet is susceptible to various security threats such as man-in-the-middle attacks, known plaintext attacks, chosen ciphertext attacks, related-key attacks, and pollution attacks. Uploading data to a single cloud service may heighten the risk of compromising confidential information. Prior research has explored several cryptography techniques like SA-EDS, RFDA, and EST to secure data storage across multiple cloud platforms. However, these existing methods exhibit vulnerabilities to various attacks. This article focuses on addressing data security challenges in multi-cloud environments and proposes an advanced approach called Proficient Security over Distributed Storage. PSDS has undergone rigorous testing against multiple attacks, demonstrating its resilience against related-key attacks, pollution attacks, chosen ciphertext attacks, and known plaintext attacks. Additionally, PSDS exhibits reduced computational time compared to existing encryption methods such as STTN and RFD.
Music Recommendation System Based on Emotion Detection
Authors: Patel Harsh Manoj , D Ganesh
Published: April 2024

Emotion of an individual can be identified by their facial expression. Facial expression can be determined from human face directly using camera. The data can then be used to get a list of songs that is derived from their mood. Music Recommendation System Based on Emotion Detection aims to create a playlist based on the facial expression. The system focuses on generating a playlist based on the facial expression that helps to eliminate the time consumed in finding the song user wants to play.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Cyber Security
Authors: M Vasanth , Murugan R
Published: April 2024

Without significant automation, humans are unable to manage the volume of data and the complexity of procedures required to safeguard cyberspace. Creating software and systems with typical fixed implementations (hardwired decision-making logic) that successfully prevent security threats is difficult. This problem can be solved with machine simplicity and AI learning approaches. This study assesses whether strengthening defensive mechanisms can improve cybersecurity capabilities and offers a brief summary of artificial intelligence (AI) applications of various cybersecurity using artificial technologies. We can determine that there are currently useful applications by looking at the most recent cybersecurity software that makes use of artificial intelligence. Neural networks are their primary tool for protecting the periphery and other cybersecurity domains. Nevertheless, it was evident that some cybersecurity problems would require the application of artificial intelligence technology. For instance, thorough information is needed for strategic decision-making, and logical decision support is one of the unmet cybersecurity needs.
Comprehensive Model of Facial Detection for Gender-Based Targeted Advertising Using Deep Learning
Authors: Jayantibhai Ajani Viraj , Nachappa M N
Published: April 2024

Facial Detection for Gender-Based Targeted Advertising focuses on the development and implementation of an AI-based system for facial detection and gender classification. Leveraging machine learning techniques, a model is trained to detect faces and determine gender from captured images or video streams. The primary goal is to integrate this model into an advertising system, enabling real-time targeted ad display based on the identified gender of individuals. The project aims to explore the effectiveness of personalized advertising through facial recognition technology while considering ethical implications and potential advancements in marketing strategies.
Behavioural Biometrics as a User Authentication Mechanism in ISMS
Authors: Rahul C.R , Rengarajan A
Published: April 2024

Securing sensitive data and mitigating cyber threats necessitates robust user authentication mechanisms within Information Security Management Systems (ISMS). Conventional authentication approaches, such as passwords and static biometric identifiers, exhibit vulnerabilities, urging the adoption of more sophisticated solutions. Behavioral biometrics, which analyzes unique behavioral patterns like typing rhythm and mouse movements, offers a promising avenue for enhancing authentication security while optimizing user experience. This paper examines the integration of behavioral biometrics into ISMS for user verification, emphasizing its advantages including continuous, multimodal, risk-based, and adaptive authentication. Additionally, it addresses considerations like data privacy, regulatory compliance, user experience enhancement, and monitoring and analysis to ensure successful implementation and efficacy. By leveraging behavioral biometrics as part of a holistic authentication strategy, organizations can fortify their security posture, mitigate threats, and adapt to evolving cybersecurity challenges.
The Evolving Landscape of Cloud-based Biometric Authentication: Balancing Security, Privacy, and User Convenience
Authors: B Anujhna , J Bhuvana
Published: April 2024

As digital platforms become increasingly essential for both personal and professional activities, the needfor authentication methods that are robust and easy to use is growing. Cloud-based biometric authentication hasemerged as a promising solution, offering improved security and convenience compared to traditional password-basedmethods. However, this technology raises significant concerns regarding data privacy and security, highlighting theimportance of careful implementation. This research examines the evolving landscape of cloud-based biometricauthentication, evaluating its benefits and challenges in striking a balance between security, privacy, and userconvenience. It also considers ethical implications and potential future research directions in this rapidly evolving field.
Image-to-ASCII Conversion and Preservation
Authors: Engleng Raj Bijoy , D Ganesh
Published: April 2024

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) art is a fascinating and durable kind of visual expression in the everchanging digital realm. This study delves deeply into the complex craftsmanship associated with converting photos to ASCII characters art, making use of Python's versatility and strength as a programming language. We explore a wide range of methods, libraries, complex algorithms, and many applications related to this fascinating process as we go into a comprehensive investigation. Our main goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the image-to-ASCII art conversion by developing a GUI and reveal its deep relevance in modern digital culture. In addition, we analyse the instruments that are at our disposal with great care, meeting the needs of both the creative community and the practical use of this novel medium. We hope to shed light on the subtle nuances and draw attention to the artistic possibilities and useful applications that are there in the field of image-to-ASCII conversion by offering a thorough examination.
A Comprehensive Study on Email Spam Detection Techniques
Authors: Horta Aaron , Gupta Charul , Gandham Meeka , Sharma Shweta , K J Akshith , R Kavitha
Published: April 2024

The analysis of email spam detection methods is pivotal in the realm of cybersecurity. This studymeticulously explores a variety of techniques utilized for discerning spam emails, encompassing traditionalmethodologies alongside sophisticated approaches such as machine learning algorithms. The examined techniquesinclude Support Vector Machines, Naive Bayes Multinomial Classifier and Random Forest Classifier with a primaryobjective of identifying the most effective approach among them. By scrutinizing each method's strengths andweaknesses, encompassing factors like detection accuracy and computational efficiency, this research seeks to offer acomprehensive overview of their utility in combatting email spam. Additionally, the study investigates the impact ofhuman elements, such as user education and awareness initiatives, in bolstering overall detection performance. Byamalgamating insights from various scholarly endeavors, this inquiry not only enriches the understanding ofcontemporary spam detection practices but also delineates pathways for future research endeavors and informs theformulation of resilient cybersecurity protocols.
A representação dos cuidados paliativos como ars moriendi moderna
Authors: Sánchez Javier Manuel Yagüe
Published: April 2024

Resumo Nos tempos medievais, o surgimento de uma doença era quase equivalente a enfrentar a morte, de modo que a família e a igreja iniciavam a assistência adequada. A assistência aos doentes e moribundos era uma parte essencial da doutrina cristã. Com esse modelo de ars moriendi, os pacientes e seus familiares tinham a oportunidade de compartilhar suas necessidades espirituais e estreitar as relações na terminalidade da vida, sendo, portanto, uma forma de cuidar dos doentes terminais. Atualmente, podemos aplicar esse tipo de modelo ao que conhecemos como cuidados paliativos, que se referem aos cuidados promovidos na terminalidade da vida, e podemos equipará-lo a ars moriendi. Este estudo busca compreender as semelhanças entre ambos para aproximar diferentes formas de entender a morte.
Comprensión y comunicación de los cuidados paliativos en neonatología: un enfoque bioético
Authors: Astarita Juliana Guimarães de Alencastro , Goldim José Roberto
Published: April 2024

Resumen Lidiar con la muerte y los cuidados paliativos en neonatología es un desafío para los profesionales de la salud. Este estudio buscó conocer la comprensión y el proceso de comunicación en los cuidados paliativos en neonatología en un hospital del Sur de Brasil, y analizar los resultados desde la perspectiva de la bioética utilizando investigación cualitativa y descriptiva retrospectiva. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 14 participantes (siete madres y siete médicos) entre junio de 2021 y agosto de 2022. Se utilizó el análisis de contenido de Bardin para analizar los datos y, entre las categorías emergentes, destacan conocimiento sobre cuidados paliativos y comunicación en cuidados paliativos. Existen obstáculos en la comunicación que pueden interferir en la comprensión de la familia sobre cuidados paliativos. Hay que invertir más en temas como bioética, cuidados paliativos y comunicación de malas noticias para facilitar estos procesos y proporcionar a los profesionales las herramientas necesarias.
Palliative sedation for refractory psychological distress management: a flowchart
Authors: Souza Arthur Amaral de , Borges Gabriel Souza , Oliveira Erika Renata Nascimento Cavalcanti de , Bretones Luiza Alvarenga Lima
Published: April 2024

Abstract There is little consensus in the literature on how refractory psychological distress, a serious clinical challenge that may occur at end of life, should be managed. This case report focuses on a patient hospitalized at the Hospital de Apoio in Brasília, who required palliative sedation for refractory psychological distress relief and obtained satisfactory symptom control. A flowchart was elaborated based on bibliographic review which included the European guidelines for palliative sedation, a useful tool for clinical cases in palliative care.
Palliative sedation in Brazil: an integrative literature review
Authors: Halfeld João Carlos , Caldana Jaqueline
Published: April 2024

Abstract Palliative sedation integrates the broad spectrum of practices and approaches in palliative care. Its main objective is not to anticipate the end of life, but to provide comfort and symptom relief for terminal conditions; however, opinions in academic, professional, social, and religious contexts differ about its application. This integrative literature review gathers relevant discussions and research in the Brazilian context to contribute to a more updated and appropriate understanding of palliative sedation. Discussions on palliative sedation bring issues regarding its emergence, the opinions of physicians and students, bioethical factors, and challenges. However, the available literature on this topic is scarce, encompassing social, ethical, religious, and professional aspects that require individual interpretations and consensus among social spheres.
O Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro (IHGB) e o primeiro governo de Getúlio Vargas (1930-1945): uma relação de proximidade
Authors: Trevisan Ivan Rodrigo
Published: April 2024

RESUMO Neste artigo, abordamos as relações estabelecidas entre o Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro (IHGB) e o primeiro governo de Getúlio Vargas (1930-1945), sobretudo a partir do título de Presidente Honorário da instituição concedido ao chefe de Estado. Além do chefe do regime, diversos membros do primeiro escalão do seu governo frequentaram e ingressaram no quadro de sócios da instituição durante esse período; por outro lado, membros do IHGB ocuparam importantes cargos no governo, configurando redes de sociabilidades entre esses indivíduos. Dessa forma, concluímos que Getúlio Vargas, ao prestigiar o IHGB – uma instituição centenária e de prestígio – era por ele prestigiado e, sobretudo, legitimado politicamente. Este artigo tem como referencial teórico a História Cultural que aborda as relações entre os intelectuais e o poder. A principal fonte utilizada é a Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro (RIHGB), o periódico oficial da instituição, que registrou tanto a sua produção intelectual quanto as atividades internas.
“A música silenciosa” de Peter Gast
Authors: Dias Rosa Maria
Published: April 2024

Resumo: O objetivo principal do texto é dar ênfase à amizade de Nietzsche a Peter Gast, assim como apresentar a dedicação de Gast a Nietzsche, no que tange à música, à escrita, aos livros do filósofo.
Lived experiences of caregivers upon receiving occupational therapy through telehealth amidst the pandemic
Authors: Panotes Arden , Jocson Jomarx , Andigan Christianne Marie , Sy Michael Palapal
Published: April 2024

Abstract Within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth was seen to be a viable and alternative solution to provide occupational therapy services in the Philippines. This phenomenological study aimed to describe the lived experiences of Filipino parents and carers in receiving occupational therapy through telehealth for their children with disabilities. We interviewed 10 participants who were considered primary carers of a Filipino child with disabilities undergoing telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic situation. An interpretative phenomenological analysis involving double hermeneutics was employed to analyze the interviews that yielded four themes: “dimensions of telehealth in occupational therapy”, “reinforcing family-centered occupational therapy”, “emphasizing an occupational therapist’s advocacy role”, and “telehealth in occupational therapy–today and tomorrow”. Our findings suggest that in order for telehealth to be a sustainable service, it should be seen not merely as an alternative in the occupational therapy service delivery process. Although telehealth remains to be an evolving concept and practice within health services, telehealth must be practiced within the principles of family-centered care approaches, interprofessional collaboration, and health accessibility and equitability. This study hopes to facilitate intersections between service providers and service users to cultivate a shared goal of bringing together experiences that will inform a more contextualized occupational therapy and telehealth practice at the tail-end of the pandemic. In conclusion, telehealth in occupational therapy shall not be an alternative, but an integrative tool that occupational therapists can maximize to transform occupational therapy access and equity.
Prevalence and factors associated with the perception of perineal laceration: a cross-sectional study with data from the Nascer no Brasil Survey, 2011 and 2012
Authors: Mamede Luciana , Marano Daniele , Dias Marcos Augusto Bastos , Souza Junior Paulo Roberto Borges de
Published: April 2024

Abstract Objective: To describe the prevalence of perineal laceration, based on the self-reported perception of postpartum women, and to analyze factors associated with its occurrence in Brazil. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 23,894 postpartum women, excluding twin pregnancies, cesarean sections, and births with episiotomies, between 2011 and 2012. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of association between the event and maternal, fetus/newborn, obstetric and clinical management characteristics were estimated in hierarchical Poisson regression models. Results: Out of 4,606 postpartum women, 49.5% (95%CI 46.1;42.9) self-reported perineal laceration. Being an adolescent (PR = 1.12; 95%CI 1.02;1.25), primipara (PR = 1.47; 95%CI 1.33;1.63), having had excessive gestational weight gain (PR = 1.17; 95%CI 1.07;1.29) and having undergone the Kristeller maneuver (PR = 1.18; 95%CI 1.08;1.29) increased the proportion of the outcome. Conclusion: The results found call for prenatal care and adjustments to childbirth care so as to be in accordance with current recommendations.
Do campo à mesa: Um estudo exploratório da percepção do agricultor familiar sobre os impactos do cultivo, comércio e das práticas de consumo de alimentos agroecológicos
Authors: De Araujo Fábio Francisco , Lannes Melo Diogo , Azevedo Pinto Rayanne , Ferreira De Almeida Andrezza , Oliveira Da Silva Joia Izabel Cristina , Magalhães Couto Garcia Silvia Regina
Published: April 2024

O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar os significados atribuídos pelos agricultores familiares da Feira Popular da Agricultura Familiar (FPAF) de Duque de Caxias aos alimentos agroecológicos e orgânicos cultivados, bem como à importância de sua atividade e a expectativa de estimular o consumo da população do município, contribuindo para sua segurança alimentar. Foram compiladas informações sobre a agricultura familiar em âmbito nacional e estadual; as políticas públicas voltadas ao grupo; a produção e distribuição de alimentos agroecológicos no Brasil. Foram realizadas observações participantes na feira popular e, posteriormente, conduzidas entrevistas com estes agricultores contendo perguntas sobre a rotina de trabalho e comercialização. Após a análise de conteúdo dos dados obtidos, emergiram quatro categorias de significação. Elas trazem a perspectiva dos agricultores de que o consumo de alimentos agroecológicos ainda é discreto, comparado aos convencionais, dado o preço mais elevado, as dificuldades logísticas e a insuficiente escala de disseminação entre consumidores locais. O estudo mostra que os agricultores familiares atribuem grande valor a seu trabalho e ao espaço da FPAF devido à forma como comunicam sua identidade social. Além, reconhecem a importância da alimentação natural em suas vidas e na dos consumidores. Tal fato sugere que a marginalização da classe seja resultado da falta de suporte do governo e de visibilidade para o público, já que os produtores apresentam percepção avançada do seu papel como potencial agente transformador dos hábitos alimentares e de aproximação do consumidor com a cadeia de alimentos.