bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persia as an Object of Study in Russia (19th — Early 20th Centuries): Language, Culture, History, Economy, Defense Capability
Authors: Chikalova Irina
Published: October 2022

Persia during the 19th — early 20th century was studied comprehensively, the interests of Iranianists included issues of the Persian language and its dialects, geography, history, literature, culture, traditions and way of life, economy, the country's defense capability, its place in the geopolitical struggle of the Russian and British empires. A certain role in the study of the country was played by the Russian Geographical Society and the military departments of Russia. The Asian Museum at the Imperial Academy of Sciences, Kazan University, the Oriental Faculty of St. Petersburg University, the Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages in Moscow, the Educational Department of Oriental Languages at the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs were centers of oriental studies in Russia.
Mikhail Gears. Russian Diplomat During the Civil War in Russia and Emigration
Authors: Mironova Elena
Published: October 2022

The article describes the diplomatic activity of Mikhail Nikolayevich von Giers. He made a brilliant career in the Russian Empire; during the October Revolution he was the Russian ambassador to Italy and the doyen of the Russian foreign diplomatic corps. Throughout the pre-revolutionary period Mikhail Nikolayevich did a lot to improve the activity of the diplomatic corps. He became one of the founders of the unique “state outside borders” — the Russia Аbroad, and took an active part in working out the new statute of a stateless person and the so-called “Nansen certificate”. On a parallel with that, he participated in solving all issues of importance to the refugee community. He did all in his power to help his compatriots so that they could eventually return to their homeland and contribute to the rebirth of Russia.
“Another Russia in the Orient”: the Phenomenon of So-Called “Japanese Branch” of Russian Emigration
Authors: Podalko Petr
Published: October 2022

This article explores the phenomenon of Russian post-revolutionary emigration to Japan and the general differences between Eastern and Western emigration by Russians. Many Russians from different social strata came to Japan to escape from the horrors of the Bolshevic regime. There were three main periods, or “waves”, of emigration to Japan: 1917—1923, 1924—1940, 1945 — late 1950s. Many of the Russian refugees settled in the sea-ports, like Kobe or Yokohama, because of the unique variety of advantages the cities offered to foreigners. Here they turned to become quite a noticable (though not the largest) group of inhabitants of those cosmopolitan cities. The role these emigrants played in the “westernization” of Japan in spheres such as food and light industries was as great as their contribution to Japanese culture in such activities as ballet, classical music and teaching of foreign languages. Some names of those Russians are still well known in modern Japan, giving an illustration of the people who formed the Russian diaspora in Japan in 1920—1950s.
Soviet Agitprop about Great Britain and the British in the Second Half of the 1920s — Early 1930s
Authors: Sergeev Evgeny
Published: October 2022

The author examines the propaganda materials that were published by the Soviet regime during the second half of the 1920s and early 1930s, when relations between Moscow and London experienced ups and downs against the background of changes that characterised the evolution of the Versailles-Washington world order. The article illustrates the peculiarities of the perception by the Bolshevik leadership not only of the UK domestic political life, but also of key international events that influenced bilateral relations. The conclusions reached by the author demonstrate that it was in the period under review when the conceptual principles of the totalitarian ideology as well as the methods and techniques of “brainwashing” acquired a completed form in the Soviet Union.
A. V. Florovsky and Mark Block: Some Details to the Fate of the Historian in Exile
Authors: Korzun Valentina
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the letter-review “Quelques observations sur l'histoire des relation commercial entre l'Europe et des pays de l'Erope Orientale” by M. Block (founded by the authors in the Slavic Library in Prague) on the article sent to the “Annales” in November 1933 by A. V. Florovsky. A. V. Florovsky summarized his ten-year search in the problematic field of Czech-Russian relations in the X—XVIII centuries and it caused serious criticism from M. Bloсk. The text of the letter allows authors to highlight the main directions of this criticism, which was directed against the “bureau” architectonics of the text and insufficient attention to the problems of human and the socio-cultural context. This text, firstly, clarifies the publication policy of the “Annales” and the style of communication between editors and authors. And, secondly, it complements the existing ideas about the scientific fate of A. V. Florovsky in exile. This intellectual contact left a noticeable mark in the direction of Florovsky’s further searches, as evidenced by his subsequent publications on the problem of trade relations between the Czech Republic and Moravia with the countries of Eastern Europe.
Prince D. P. Golitsyn-Muravline in Emigration in Hungary (1919—1928)
Authors: Kolontari Attila
Published: October 2022

The present essay analyses the period of Prince Golitsyn-Muravline’s life spent in emigration on the basis of unpublished archival documents and the articles of Hungarian newspapers of that time. Golitsyn-Muravline was a famous representative of the right-wing monarchist movement in Russia before the World War I, he was elected a chairman of the Council of the Russian Assembly. Golitsyn-Muravline’s family left Russia during the Civil War and after a short-time of roaming in the Balkan countries they found a home in Baron Rezső Biedermann’s estate in the southern part of Hungary. The article examines details of Golitsyn-Muravline’s political and social activity in emigration, the evolution of his view on the question of monarchism and succession to the throne. The article also touches on such aspects as how the Hungarian society met Prince Golitsyn, his wide connections with the representatives of the Hungarian aristocracy and the political elite. At the end of the article a short overview is given of the fate of his family members, who stayed in Hungary after Golitsyn-Muravline’s death in 1928.
The History of the Search for the Author of the “Count Vorontzov Opinion” in the Context of the Perception of the British Constitutional Experience in Russia in the First Half of the 19th Century
Authors: Orlov Aleksander
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of case materials from the funds of the State Archives of the Russian Federation (GA RF) about the long-term, during 1827—1849, and persistent search by gendarmes on the orders of Nicholas I, the author of one of the drafts of the liberal “constitution”. Such actions could not be generated only by the adherence of the emperor to reactionary politics. It is possible that the principal course towards the eradication of the spirit of “English liberty” from the consciousness of the Russian nobility is explained by their desire to use another component of the British experience of state and constitutional building — the priority of evolutionary rather than revolutionary development. Nicholas I was not going to succumb to anyone's pressure, both inside the country and outside. He planned first to create a nation from among the representatives of those social groups that, from his point of view, were important for strengthening the foundations of power, then to grant the nation laws, possibly fundamental ones, and only then, on this basis, to build relationships with law-abiding subjects. The twenty-year search for the author of the criminal “constitution” is proof of this.
“Athos” Course of Lord Bulwer-Lytton: about the History of British-Russian Diplomatic Relations in the Balkans in the 1860s
Authors: Smirnova Irina
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the goals and objectives of the British diplomats on the “Athos” track in the context of the diplomatic confrontation between Great Britain and Russia which relied extensively on the Church contacts in their Balkan politics. It explores such a little-studied aspect of the Athos problem as the role of Russian and British diplomats in addressing the issue of the Athos monasteries’ properties sequestrated by Alexandru Cuza, prince of the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, through the lens of the activities of Sir George Bulwer-Lytton, ambassador to Constantinople, in the 1860s. It uses Lord Bulwer's participation in the work of European commissions and conferences, to illustrate the methods and practices of British diplomats aimed at forcing Russia out of the Balkan region (and even out of the Middle East): such as erosion of the credibility of the Russian Empire, defamation of its representatives in Greek communities and their displacement from principle foreign-policy objectives, and indoctrination into endless conflicts in the multinational environment of Orthodox monasticism on the Holy Mount. It shows that from the mid-19th century one of the primary instruments of British politics not only on Mount Athos, but also in the Orthodox East, as a whole, was the right of British subjects (Ionian Greeks in the case of Athos) to official support and protection of British diplomats, while Russian Athonites were deprived of that right due to the lack of official Russian patronage over Russian subjects in the Ottoman Empire. The confrontation between Great Britain and Russia in the Balkans and the Eastern Mediterranean played a prominent role in the development of Russian-Greek relations and the occurrence of such a phenomenon as “Russian Athos”.
Community or Commonwealth? New View on the Problems of the Formation of the “World System of Socialism”
Authors: Iyerusalimskiy Yuri
Published: October 2022

The peer-reviewed monograph devoted to the topical issue of the formation of the “world system of socialism” presents a critical view of the problems of socialist integration, notes the differences in the level of development of the COMECON member countries, which is extremely important for understanding the specifics, basis, theoretical and institutional framework for the formation of this multilevel system. The articles presented in the monograph touch on certain aspects of the activities of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, show a picture of the global impact of the COMECON on the emerging global world economy at that time. The analysis of documentary materials introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, previously inaccessible to a wide research audience, allowed the authors of the monograph to follow the principles of scientific objectivity in understanding the development of socialist countries in the second half of the 1960s – early 1970s and make interesting scientific conclusions and generalizations on the economic, political and ideological aspects of the functioning of the “world system of socialism”.
A Man Endowed with a “Living Vision of Reality” (the Fate of V. B. Elyashevich)
Authors: Bocharova Zoya
Published: October 2022

Based on archival and published materials, the article reconstructs the biography of V. B. Elyashevich as a scientist, teacher, public figure, philanthropist, and clarifies information about his place of birth. His main pedagogical activity was connected with the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, which he combined, among other things, with teaching at St. Petersburg University (1911—1913) after defending his master's thesis and working in state bodies (1915—1917). During the Civil War, he emigrated. The sphere of scientific interests of the scientist concerned the problems of Roman law, legal entity, civil and land relations, issues of formation and development of law and the economy of Soviet Russia. Special attention is paid to the contribution of V. B. Elyashevich to the formation of Foreign Russia, the popularization of science, his public and charitable activities.
The Palace Coup in Russia on November 25 (December 6), 1741 through the Eyes of the British Ambassador Ed. Finch
Authors: Labutina Tatyana
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the perception of the British Ambassador Ed. Finch of one of a series of palace coups of the 18th century, which took place in November 1741, as a result of which the daughter of Peter I — Elizabeth Petrovna came to power. Russian historians in their studies of palace coups relied on a solid source base. Meanwhile, the diplomatic correspondence with the Secretaries of State of the residents at the court of the empresses remained the least studied by them. The author of the article fills in this gap and highlights the palace coup in favor of Elizabeth Petrovna, relying on diplomatic correspondence of the British Ambassador Edward Finch. Finch dwelt on the description of the coup, drawing attention to its preparation and the decisive role in the events of the representatives of France — the Marquis de Chetardi and the life physician Elizabeth Petrovna — Lestocq. The appeal to the diplomatic correspondence of the ambassador with the Secretary of State, previously used in Russian historiography only in fragments, allowed us to learn many details of the events related to the palace coup, as well as the first steps of the government of Elizabeth Petrovna (formation of the Cabinet, the work of the investigative commission on former officials, prosecution and punishment of the accused, etc.). The Empress's obvious sympathy for certain representatives of France, who provided her with effective assistance in organizing and implementing the coup, could not but affect the reorientation of the course of Russia's foreign policy, from pro-English to pro-French. The testimonies of the British ambassador, distinguished for the most part by objectivity, allow us to expand the ideas of our contemporaries about one of the interesting and dramatic pages in the history of the palace coup of 1741.
The Sources of Aleksander Pushkin’s “The Tale of the Golden Cockerel”: the West, the East, or Russia?
Authors: Selivanova Larisa
Published: October 2022

The essay focuses on A. S. Pushkin’s last fairy tale, which he wrote in 1834, during the “Boldin autumn” period. Researchers have offered diverse interpretations to this complex and enigmatic text that embraces Russian folk themes interlaced with both western European and eastern imagery. Suggested rationalizations of “The Tale of the Golden Cockerel” have relied on Theodor Benfey’s “indianist theory” or on the local identity context, while other numerous diverse interpretations have pointed to conspiracy theories, the ideas of freemasonry, dystopianism, and the criticism of the absolutist rule. Still others saw this fairy tale as a covert autobiography, or a display of disguised eroticism in the spirit of the folk laughter culture, or as being influenced by the ideas of Islam, or as hinting at Russian mystic and ecstatic sectarianism. Having endeavored to examine the sources of “The Tale of the Golden Cockerel”, the author approaches it based on the comparative-historical method with the help of literary anthropology. According to L. L. Selivanova, the great poet composed what would be accepted as a genuine Russian folk fairy tale by creatively reworking all the available western and eastern material, Russian lubok culture, and even literary hoaxes.
The Kosygin Reforms: a “Window of Opportunity” for the Soviet Scientific and Technological Breakthrough?
Authors: Lipkin Mikhail
Published: October 2022

The Kosygin economic reform of 1965, named so as commemoration of the role of the head of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, came to the attention of researchers primarily from the perspective of economic effects on the development of the USSR. At the same time, the role of the Academy of Sciences, the issues of tactics and strategy of the development of the country’s scientific and technological potential mostly remained out of sight of the historical mainstream. The new evidences presented in the article demonstrate the level of academic science’s involvement in discussion of long-term development projects. As the authors show, it was during this period that the Academy of Sciences of the USSR was systematically involved in the development of economic strategies. The discussions of representatives of Gosplan, GKNT and the Academy of Sciences analyzed on the pages of the publication demonstrate the clash of “accounting” and “exploratory” approaches to science. The issues raised in 1960s are still relevant today — about spending on science and general effectiveness of investments in scientific research.
Historism: to the History of the Concept
Authors: Iakovlev Matvey
Published: October 2022

This paper is devoted to the genesis of the historism (contextualism). Historism was created by professional historians as a research practice and in the 19th century became the answer to a variety of “philosophies of history”. Now in Russia it is a main principle of historical studies — to explore the past by using the historical context. It is also used in western historical studies, but usually named “contextualism”. However, author comes to conclusion, that in the middle of the 19th century, historism is not totally professional phenomenon — but also philosophical.
In the Shadow of the Cold War: the Main Problems of the Development of Economic Cooperation between Germany and the USSR in the 1950s — 1960s.
Authors: Sorokin Alexey
Published: October 2022

Economic ties have traditionally played an important role in bilateral relations between the FRG and the USSR. The article examines the initial stage of the formation and development of trade and economic cooperation between countries from 1950 to 1969. The priority influence of the political factor on the development of economic relations is highlighted, primarily for the West German side. The main actors, driving forces of trade and economic cooperation and the main problems constraining it are singled out. As a result, on the basis of the analysis, a general assessment of the economic policy of the two countries in relation to each other in the period under study is made.
Image Transformations: the Leaders of the USSR on the Covers of “Time” Magazine
Authors: Kriuckov Dmitrij
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the image of the USSR leaders on the covers of the American magazine “Time”. The relevance of the topic is determined by the problems related to the formation of the country’s leader’s image in the foreign press. The purpose of this study is to identify the features of the formation of the visual image of Soviet leaders and the USSR from 1923 to 1991 on the covers of “Time” magazine, one of the most famous American magazines in the world. The article provides a brief history of the creation of the innovative and unique American magazine “Time”, analyses theoretical aspects of the formation of the leader's image of Russia and the USSR in the USA. The role of stereotypes in the formation of a political leader's image is examined in detail.
Complaints against Dentists Working in Mashhad, Iran; 2012-2017
Authors: Keshavarz Hooman , Hoseini Zarch Seyed Hosein , Dastjerdan Toktam Iranpour , Toutouni Hediyeh
Published: October 2022

Background: The analysis of complaints against health professionals assists in improving health care services. The objective of this study was to evaluate complaints against dentists working in Mashhad, Iran during 2012-2017.
Methods: In this study, all the available completed dental complaint cases from the archive of the Mashhad Medical Council addressed within a six-year time period (from 2012 through 2017) were reviewed. The required information was extracted based on a checklist including variables such as the gender of dentists and complainants, the age of dentists and complainants, dentists’ degree, the place of service provision, the type of services provided, the causes of complaints, and the sentences issued to dentists (conviction or non-conviction).
Results: A total of 208 cases were evaluated, and in 67 (32.2%) cases, dentists had been found guilty. Most cases involving convicted dentists were associated with male dentists, female complainants, general dentists, and in-office services. In the cases of convicted dentists, the most common service provided was endodontic treatment and the most common cause of complaint was failed or incomplete treatment.
Conclusion: To reduce the growing number of complaints against dentists, their skills should be improved, especially in endodontic treatment services. It is advisable for general dentists to consider referring patients to specialists either for more skilled treatments or to allow their patients’ expectations to be better met.
Workload and Burnout Among Nurses of a Public Referral Psychiatric Hospital in Tehran, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ghasemi Mohammad Sadegh , Valizadeh Niloofar , Dehghan Naser , Shalbafan Mohammadreza
Published: October 2022

Background: For many people who work in the nursing profession, a large part of their work involves emotional (psychological) and physical stress. The work environment of psychiatric hospitals imposes a high level of stress to staff due to dealing with patients with psychiatric disorders. Moreover, there is a negative attitude in the society towards patients with mental disorders and mental hospitals. Therefore, it is possible that psychiatric hospital nurses suffer more problems. In this study, workload and burnout have been investigated as two important factors affecting health among nurses working in a psychiatric hospital.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total sample of 82 nurses working in Iran psychiatric hospital was included and participated in the survey. Demographic information questionnaire, Maslach burnout questionnaire and NASA-TLX index were used for data collection.
Results: The depersonalization subscale had the highest score in the burnout variable and the mental stress subscale had the highest score in the workload variable. The results of this study showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between workload and emotional fatigue as well as workload and depersonalization and also no correlation was found between workload and individual performance.
Conclusion: This study shows that workload, emotional fatigue and depersonalization have positive correlation. In addition, the mental stress subscale had the highest score in the workload variable. Further attention to workload and burnout of the nurses in psychiatric hospitals is suggested and future large and multi-center studies on the topic are necessary.
A Severity Checklist: What Predicts Hospitalization of Patients During COVID-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Nassiri Toosi Mohssen , Habibi Pedram , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Hassannezhad Malihe , Dehghan Manshadi Seyed Ali , Koochak Hamid Emadi , Allameh Seyed Farshad , Sadeghniiat Khosro
Published: October 2022

Background: To find different variables involved in the hospitalization of patients referred to the respiratory Emergency Room (ER) at the time of COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A questionnaire was designed to determine different hypothetical factors involved in the hospitalization of 3481 patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Results: This study suggests that the following factors/variables are involved in the hospitalization of patients: age, respiratory distress, duration of symptoms, cough, 5-day-prolonged fever, diabetes mellitus, respiratory diseases, renal conditions, history of chemotherapy, saturation of blood oxygen, sore throat, and fever.
Conclusion: We found that through having an insight towards what may and may not be involved in the severity of the novel coronavirus infection, one might be able to decide if a patient could potentially benefit from hospitalization.
Determining the Relationship Between EEG Findings and Prognosis of Patients with Decreased Consciousness Following Head Injury
Authors: Mirzaasgari Zahra , Zamani Babak , Vahedifard Farzan , Kheirkhah Parnian , Homayooni Amirsina
Published: October 2022

Background: Head injury is a silent epidemic in developed countries and is one of the leading causes of death and disability. Determining the precise and early prognosis of head injury, especially in severe cases, is essential and will help define treatment actions and rehabilitation plans and counsel other family members. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between electroencephalographic findings and prognosis in patients with decreased levels of consciousness due to head injury.
Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive-analytical study on patients with reduced levels of consciousness due to head injury, referred to Tir Hospital (Tehran) in the first half of 2018. Overall, 52 patients were studied and divided according to their GCS into two groups: favorable prognosis (30 patients, 57.7%) and poor prognosis (22 patients, 42.3%). We tried to find the relation between EEG findings such as voltage, electrographic seizures, periodic and rhythmic patterns, and the prognosis.
Results: Normal voltage was associated with a favorable prognosis, with a high specificity (95%) and a less robust sensitivity (63%). The isoelectric voltage (electrocerebral shutdown) was associated with a poor prognosis. Normal and isoelectric voltages were good predictors with 95% and 100% Positive Predictive Values (PPV), respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between EEG frequency range and prognosis.  
Conclusion: This study showed that EEG parameters might provide valuable data regarding the prognosis of decreased consciousness of patients with a head injury, also for the guidance of physicians and informing the patients’ family.
The Role of ABO Blood Groups in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prediction
Authors: Saedi Nafiseh , Pourmahdigholi Sedigheh , Saeedi Sara , Shokouhi Nasim , Valadan Mehrnaz , Feizabad Elham , Mohseni Mona
Published: October 2022

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the ABO blood group characteristics in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM).
Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted on pregnant women with GDM in Yas Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from April 2018 to March 2019.
Results: Totally, 449 pregnant women enrolled in the study. The average age of the participants was 32.26±5.08 years with a range between 18 and 45 years. 46% of the participants were treated with insulin. In this study, 35% were typed as group O, 34.3% as group A, 24.3% as group B, and 6.5% as group AB. The Rh+ blood antigen was present in 92% of the pregnant women. Blood group A (35.7%) was the highest in pregnant women with insulin therapy and the frequency of blood group O was the highest in pregnant women with diet (39.5%) and metformin therapy (35.7%).
Conclusion: In pregnant women with insulin therapy, the most prevalent blood group was A. This was different from those that are frequent in the Iranian normal population and pregnant women with GDM who underwent diet therapy. It seems that blood group A, as a probable associated factor for GDM, can be beneficial in high-risk pregnancy detection for GDM in the Iranian population.
Risk of Suicide and Severity of Depression in Patients with Severe Mental Disorders Receiving Home Care Along with Psychological Training, Anger Management, and Life Skills Training Versus Usual Clinical Care
Authors: Badrfam Rahim , Sharifi Vandad , Zandifar Atefeh , Hooshyari Zahra , Amini Homayoun
Published: October 2022

Background: Severe mental disorders impose a significant burden of illness directly on the patient and their caregivers. In this study, the prevalence of suicidal ideation and the severity of depression in patients who received home care were evaluated in comparison with other patients who experienced usual outpatient care.
Methods: The study design was cross-sectional and the sample was assigned in two groups. Structured scale and inventory were used to evaluate the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and severity of depression among the patients. Beck Depression Inventoryand Ideation for Suicide Beck Scale were utilized for this evaluation. The study was conducted from June 2019 to June 2020.
Results: The total number of participants in the study was 71 patients. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the observed difference between the two groups in all components and in the total score of Beck Suicide Scale and Beck Depression Scale was statistically significant. Regarding Ideation for Suicide Beck Scale, the mean in the home visit group was 0.94 (standard deviation (SD)= 4.24) and in the Treatment as Usual (TAU) group was 3.83(SD =5.44) (p-value=0.016). Regarding Beck Depression Scale, the mean in the home visit group was 6.14(SD= 7.75) and in the TAU group was 11.17(SD= 9.18) (p-value=0.015).
Conclusion: It seems that home care for patients with severe mental disorders may be more effective than outpatient care in reducing suicidal ideation and severe depression. The use of longitudinal and multicenter studies with larger sample sizes can be effective in assessing the impact of home care on improving indicators of suicidal ideation and severity of depression.
The Association Between Depression, Impulsive Behaviors and Suicidal Ideation with Serum Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Level in Patients with Morbid Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jolfaei Atefeh Ghanbari , Soheilipour Fahimeh , Mohammadnia Fateme , Esmaeeli Soode Tajik
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to compare the severity of depression, impulsive behaviors and suicidal ideation in patients with obesity with Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) below 100 or above 100 mg/dl.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The study population included patients with obesity referred to the obesity clinic of Rasool-e-Akram Hospital affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Patients were divided into two groups with LDL below and above 100 mg/dl. The Beck scale for suicidal ideation and Depression and the Barratt   Impulsiveness Scale questionnaires were filled. Finally, the score of questionnaires and demographic variables were compared between the two groups. P-values below 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
Results: 300 patients entered the study. There was a statistically significant difference regarding the severity of depression betweeen the two groups, as in patients with LDL over 100 mg/dl, depression was more severe (p-value = 0.02). Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference regarding the impulsivity score and its subgroups or the suicidal ideation between the two groups (higher in patients with LDL) above 100 mg/dl, p-values <0.05).
Conclusion: Elevated serum LDL levels could be associated with psychological factors such as depression or suicidal ideation and motor, cognition and unplanned impulsivity in patients with morbid obesity. This might be justified by an increase in BMI. Further clinical trials are required to assess these findings.
Investigating the Predictive Role of the Safety Climate on Professional Behavior in Nurses Working in Hospitals Affiliated to Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Bagherzadeh Razieh , Salemipoor Yasmin , Hajinejad Fatemeh , Heidari Fatemeh , Vahedparast Hakimeh
Published: October 2022

Background: The safety climate, which is a subset of the organizational climate in the field of safety, mirrors the attitudes of those involved in care centers towards safety. In addition to being in connection with diverse parts of the organization’s function, the safety climate can also affect the nurses’ performance. The present study aimed at investigating the predictive role of the safety climate on professional behavior among nurses working in the hospitals affiliated to Bushehr University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, which uses the cross-sectional design, 595 expert nurses participated who had at least 6 months of experience and were employed in the wards of the hospitals affiliated to Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. The data was collected from the nurses revolving around their viewpoints, which were determined using a demographic information form, professional behavior scale and safety climate questionnaire.
Results: Among the diverse domains of the safety climate, the field of nursing education (p= 0.027, ß=0.104), communication with other nurses (p= 0.027, ß=0.101) and error reporting (p= <0.001, ß= 0.191) were the direct predictors of professional nursing behavior. Also, apart from the safety climate, satisfaction with nursing as a job had a direct, statistic and significant relationship with professional behavior (p= <0.001, ß= 0.142).
Conclusion: This study found that most of the domains of the safety climate predicted the nurses’ professional behavior. Therefore, it is recommended that hospital administration and nursing leaders improve the safety climate by paying more attention to education and creating friendly working environments that remove nurses’ fear of penalties. All these factors can be effective in enhancing the professional behavior of nurses and increase patient safety in health care settings.
The Comparison of the Quality of Life and Complications in Segmental Colectomy and Subtotal Colectomy as the Treatment for Malignant the Left Colon Tumors
Authors: Amoli Hadi Ahmadi , Najari Khosrow , Zabihi Mahmoudabadi Hossein , Kichi Raziyeh Abedi , Rahimpour Ehsan , Hajebi Reza , Farshidmehr Pezhman , Kazemzadeh Amirmasoud
Published: October 2022

Background: This study was designed to compare postoperative complications, mortality and quality of life associated with the type of surgery (subtotal colectomy vs. segmental colectomy) in patients with left colon tumors. Subtotal colectomy and segmental colectomy are the two most common strategies used for treating the left colon’s malignant tumors. However, each patient’s optimal elective surgical treatment for the left colon’s malignant tumors is unclear. Choosing the optimal treatment for each patient, taking into account the individual conditions and preferences of the patients, with the least chance for occurrence of complications and the highest quality of life can help patients to ultimately return to everyday life.
Methods: In this retrospective multi-centric study, patients with left colon tumors who had not received neoadjuvant and have undergone subtotal colectomy or segmental colectomy from 2016 to 2018 were enrolled. Mortality rate, quality of life and postoperative complications such as problems with defecation were assessed as the main outcome measures.
Results: In patients with malignant tumors of left colon, both subtotal colectomy and segmental colectomy surgical methods reached the satisfactory results. In fact, there was no significant difference between the two surgical methods except that patients who had undergone subtotal colectomy showed better stool control capability.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the two surgical procedures regarding postoperative complications and quality of life.
What Is the Role of Oral Factors in Halitosis in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease?
Authors: Anbari Fahimeh , Tadayon Elnaz , Khalighi Hamid Reza , Ashouri Moghaddam Anahita , Shafaghi Afshin , Forouzani Gelareh
Published: October 2022

Background: Prevalence of Halitosis includes a variety of 22 up to 50% in different societies. There have been reports of remarkable improvements in Halitosis after Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral factors and halitosis in patients suffering from GERD.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 98 patients (45 females and 53 females) with mean age of 19.4 years whose gastroesophageal reflux was diagnosed by gastroenterologist. Halitosis was detected by organoleptic method. Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) was utilized to record the dental status. Oral hygiene was evaluated using the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), Debries Index (DI), Calculus Index (CI), and coated tongue. Data were analyzed by Spearman and Pearson correlation tests.
Results: There was not a significant relationship between halitosis and DMFT, OHI-S, and debris index and calculus index, and coated tongue (p>0.01). Also, there was a direct and significant relationship between DI and CI (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, there is no relationship between oral factors (debris index, calculus index, oral hygiene index, and DMFT) and halitosis in patients with GERD. Therefore, the presence of halitosis might be attributed to the presence of GERD in these patients.
Comparing Screening Tools and Electrophysiological Findings of Sural and Peroneal Nerves in the Diagnosis of Neuropathy in Patients with Diabetes: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Fateh Hamid Reza , Azimi Mostafa , Madani Seyed Pezhman
Published: October 2022

Background: Some clinical scoring systems as the quantitative tools have been developed to assess the presence and severity of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) based on both the patient’s complaints and the physicians’ findings. This study was aimed at assessing the presence and severity of sural and peroneal nerve neuropathies using Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) and United Kingdom Screening Test (UKST) questionnaire compared with electrodiagnosis assessments.
Methods: 148 patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) including 80 females and 68 males with a mean age of 57.6, 19 type 1DM and 129 type 2 DM were recruited in this study. The findings of the electrophysiological study such as peroneal and sural nerves’ conduction delay, velocity and amplitude were gathered. The patients were also assessed regarding the clinical neuropathy status using the two instruments of MNSI and UK.
Results: The mean neuropathy score of MNSI and UKST were 2.2 (1.7) and 4.1 (3.0), respectively. Each instrument detected the DPN in 47.3% and 64.9% of the patients, respectively. Also, based on the nerve conduction studies (NCS), the neuropathy of sural and peroneal nerves was found in 54.1% and 79.7%, respectively. Unlike the peroneal nerve, there was a significant agreement between the electrodiagnosis assessment and the screening tools in the diagnosis of sural nerve neuropathy.
Conclusion:  Given that NCS is a practical, simple, and non-invasive approach and also can determine the level of damage and regeneration in peripheral nerves, sural nerve conduction study is suggested as a convenient option for screening and diagnosing the diabetic neuropathy.
Evaluation of Pediatrics Residency Training Program in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Using CIPP Evaluation Model in 2020
Authors: Moradi Fard Masoumeh , Khanipour Fariba , Hayat Ali Asghar , Bazrafkan Leila
Published: October 2022

Background: The curriculum is the most important component of the educational system and evaluation is one of the most significant and sensitive components of the curriculum too. Through evaluation, the efficiency and effectiveness of programs can be increased.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted to evaluate the residency curriculum of the Pediatrics Department of Hormozgan Medical School using the CIPP model. The statistical population in the study included 20 Pediatrics residents and 20 faculty members who were selected by the census method. Researcher-made questionnaires were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed via descriptive-analytical statistical methods using SPSS version 22.
Results: The dimensions of context, input, process, and product were evaluated as relatively desirable. The context, input, process, and product status had a statistically significant difference from the participant’s perspective. According to (p≤0.01) and the average score of faculty members and residents respectively (M=3.15) and (M=2.57), it can be said that faculty members have a more positive attitude towards residents in evaluating the Pediatrics residency curriculum except for the product dimension.
Conclusion: Generally the curriculum of the Pediatrics Department of Hormozgan Medical School was evaluated as relatively desirable from the perspective of faculty members and residents. This issue shows, there is a long way to improve the quality of the curriculum, which will be achieved by eliminating the shortcomings in various areas of education. Consequently, it will be effective to evaluate the periodical of the Pediatrics department curriculum to improve it and achieve long-term educational goals.
Relationship Between Cardiac and Liver Markers with In-hospital Mortality in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Moradi Tabriz Hedieh , Dargahi Maryam , Montazeri Mahnaz , Nazar Elham
Published: October 2022

Background: COVID-19 caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections has turn into a pandemic and has extended all over the world. Since the virus has the potential ability to severely impair heart and liver, analyzing the biochemical parameters is a suitable approach for clinicians to assess the outcome.
Methods: This study was conducted along with 614 recognized COVID-19 patients. All samples were from Emergency department of Sina Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from February to May, 2020.
Results: A total of 614 COVID-19 patients with mean age of 57.8 years (16-94 years) consisting of 385 (62.7%) male and 229 (37.2%) female were studied. Patients with COVID-19 had no significant difference between cardiac and liver parameters on the presentation and discharge time (p-value≥0.05). Patients with COVID-19 had significant correlation in Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Total Bilirubin with recovery and mortality outcome (p-value≤0.05). Also, high sensitivity cardiac Troponin-I, LDH, AST, and ALT in patients with COVID-19 were significantly associated with high in-hospital mortality (p-value<0.05).
Conclusion: Several laboratory parameters may ease the evaluation of COVID-19 in-hospital mortality. Cardiac and liver parameters are critical in assisting COVID-19 cases.
Psychiatric Hospitalization: Patients’ Negative Experiences and Attitudes
Authors: Talebjeddi Mehrnoosh , Nohesara Shabnam , Keshavarz-Akhlaghi Amir-Abbas , Ahmadzad Asl Masoud , Mohammadsadeghi Homa
Published: October 2022

Background: The negative experience of hospitalization in psychiatric wards is a common issue that can have destructive effects on treatment outcomes. Considering the significance of improving inpatient psychiatric care, this qualitative study was implemented to elucidate the patients’ experience of hospitalization in a psychiatric hospital from September 2017 to February 2018.
Methods: The information was gathered using two approaches: focus groups, and in-depth individual interviews with hospitalized patients. Twenty-two patients, including 16 women and 6 men, participated in this research. Content analysis method was used for analyzing the data.
Results: Participants’ negative experiences were categorized into three main categories: imprisonment, loneliness, and untrustworthy atmosphere. According to our study, the numerous restrictions and inflexible regulations of the ward, insufficient interaction with the psychiatrist and nurses, coercion, and insufficient physical facilities caused negative experiences.
Conclusion: It seems to be critical that the extent of care for each patient be individualized and free of humiliation.
A Preliminary Study of Telepractice Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Teymouri Sangani Mohyeddin , Nakhostin Ansari Noureddin , Mohamadi Reyhane , Soleymani Zahra
Published: October 2022

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental neurological disorder characterized by impaired social interactions. The aim of study was to examine the telepractice Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching (PMT) for ASD children.
Methods: This study followed a pretest–posttest design. 11 mothers of children with ASD aged 26-71 months (mean=47.09 months, SD=14) were included. Mothers were given the necessary training on the PMT for 12 one-hour weekly sessions, through the WhatsApp software. The self-reported McArthur-Bates communication development inventories (CDIs) was the main outcome measure. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test.
Results: Mean scores of expressive and perceptive words significantly improved after treatment with large effects sizes (Cohen’s d >0.8). The activity and gestures section scores showed significant improvements after treatment in the areas of communication gestures, play and routines, working with objects and imitation of adult activities (Cohen’s d >0.8).
Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence that the telepractice of PMT is effective for children with autism spectrum disorder. Further study with a rigours design is warranted.
Impact of Birth and Hospitalization Factors in Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Rasoulinejad Seyed Ahmad , Alizadeh Ahad
Published: October 2022

Background: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a pathologic condition in the retina characterized by abnormal vasoproliferation. We aim to investigate the correlation of different birth- and hospitalization-related factors in the progression of ROP.
Methods: This historical cohort study performed in the ophthalmology center of Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol (Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran), included 828 infants (gestational age <35 weeks and birth weight <2500 g). Also, data were collected from the history of hospitalized premature infants.  
Results: The lower gestational weight of infants has been observed in ROP infants (1418.05±547.09 g) compared to non-ROP infants (1917.31±486.01 g) (p<0.001). In addition, the average gestational age of ROP infants (30.28±2.34 weeks) was younger than non-ROP infants (33.26±1.00 weeks) (p=0.042). Increase in the duration of hospitalization increased 6% the chance of ROP in infants (OR=1.06; 95%CI: [1.05,1.08]) (p<0.001). Furthermore, increase in the count of blood replacement decreased 29% the chance of complete remission of ROP (OR=0.71; 95%CI: [0.51,0.95]) (p=0.029). The blood group does not have an impact on ROP development or remission. 
Conclusion: More birth weight of premature infants is associated with less chance of ROP incidence. Moreover, the lower gestational age is related to more chances of ROP.