bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aflatoxin Exposure among Children of age 12-59 Months in Butajira District, South-Central Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Ayele Mary , Haile Demewoz , Alonso Silvia , Sime Heven , Abera Adugna , Balcha Kifle Habte , Roba Kedir Tej , Guma Geremew Tasew , Endris Bilal Shikur
Published: July 2021

Background

The continued provision of safe food, free of aflatoxin remains a huge challenge in developing countries. Despite several favourable climatic conditions that facilitate aflatoxin contamination in Ethiopia, there is little information showing aflatoxin exposure in children. Therefore, this study assessed aflatoxin exposure among young children in Butajira district, South-Central Ethiopia.
Methods

Community based cross-sectional study stratified by agro-ecology was employed in Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) of Butajira. The study included 332 children aged 12–59 months and were selected by simple random sampling technique using the HDSS registration number as a sampling frame. We collected data on dietary practice and aflatoxin exposure. Aflatoxin M1 concentration in urine was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results

Detectable urinary Aflatoxin M1 was found in 62.4% (95% CI: 56.9–67.5%) of the children at a level ranging from 0.15 to 0.4ng/ml. Children living in lowland agro-ecological zone had [AOR = 2.11 (95% CI; 1.15, 3.88] about 2 folds higher odds of being exposed to aflatoxin as compared to children living in highland agro-ecological zone. Children at lower socio-economic status [AOR = 0.27 (95% CI; 0.14, 0.50] and medium socio-economic status [AOR = 0.47 (95% CI; 0.25, 0.87] had 73% and 53% lower odds of being exposed to aflatoxin as compared to children in the higher socio-economic status, respectively.
Conclusions

Aflatoxin exposure among young children was very high in South-Central Ethiopia. This high aflatoxin exposure might emphasize the need for aflatoxin exposure mitigation strategies in Ethiopia. Further research is required to assess long-term aflatoxin exposure and its association with child growth and development.
The raw material base for the discovery of magnesium oxide production promising sources in the beneficiation processes
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Masalimov А. , Smirnov А. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Orekhova N. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Grishin I. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
Published: July 2021

The article contains the analyse of the raw material base of magnesia raw materials in Russia and its relationship with the existing deficit of high-purity magnesium oxide. Existing and promising sources of magnesia raw materials and their distribution by regions are considered in order to discover new sources that could be involved in the enrichment processes. The existing methods of enrichment of natural magnesites and the possibility of their application for technogenic raw materials are analyzed
Mining-geological and physico-chemical indicators determining the success of the use of block underground and heap leaching
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Ovseychuk V. , Zozulya А. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: July 2021

The success of the physico-chemical technologies’ application in the development of ore deposits, such as underground and heap leaching, depends on the petrographic and mineral composition of the ores and their host rocks, type of reagents leaching the useful component, technology of ore preparation and irrigation modes of lumpy ores. The efficiency of leaching of uranium-ore minerals is determined by the physico-chemical laws of the interaction of reagents with the ore material. In the course of the research, the relationship between the silica content in the rocks containing mineralization and their physical and mechanical properties was established. This makes it possible, knowing the type of rocks, to predict the conditions of ore preparation by drilling and blasting to obtain the optimal piece size for leaching. In addition, the influence of the ore texture on the leaching efficiency was proved experimentally. Previous researchers found that the rate of conversion of uranium to the mobile state during leaching depends on the rate of penetration of the leaching reagent into the piece, displayed by the effective diffusion coefficient (Kef). The analysis of mining and geological information made it possible to establish the relationship between the Kef and the type of host rocks through the SiO2 content and the type of uranium minerals through the uranium content. The obtained knowledge makes it possible to predict favorable conditions for the use of physico-chemical geotechnologies in the development of rock-poor uranium deposits
Evaluating Performance of Cherry and Slicer Tomato Cultivars in Greenhouse and Open Field Conditions: Yield and Fruit Quality
Authors: Singh Hardeep , Dunn Bruce , Maness Niels , Brandenberger Lynn , Carrier Lynda , Hu Bizhen
Published: July 2021

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most extensively cultivated horticultural crops in the world. Factors such as yield, size, taste, and lycopene content are important criteria that may impact the selection of tomato cultivars for different production systems. The aim of the current study was to evaluate different slicer and cherry tomato cultivars for production under greenhouse and open field conditions. Three cultivars of slicer (BHN 964, Trust, and Geronimo) and cherry (BHN 268, Favorita, and Sakura) tomatoes were tested using randomized complete block design in 2019 and 2020. Results showed that the performance of tested cultivars differed under greenhouse verses open field conditions. Among cherry tomato cultivars in 2020, BHN 268 and Sakura produced significantly greater yield under open field conditions, while under greenhouse conditions yield of BHN 268 was the lowest. Similarly, cherry tomato fruit size from ‘BHN 268’ and ‘Sakura’ was also significantly greater than ‘Favorita’ under field conditions, whereas under greenhouse conditions, the fruit size of ‘Sakura’ was significantly greater than both ‘BHN 268’ and ‘Favorita’. Among slicer tomato cultivars, BHN 964 produced significantly greater yield and had a greater average fruit size than the other two cultivars under greenhouse conditions in 2020 while, Geronimo produced significantly similar or larger yield and had a similar average fruit size compared with BHN 964 under open field conditions. Tomatoes produced under open field conditions were rated significantly greater for taste compared with those produced under greenhouse conditions. Lycopene content in both slicer and cherry tomato cultivars was influenced by the interaction of production type, cultivars, and harvest time. Therefore, it can be concluded that BHN 964 and Geronimo were the highest in lycopene among slicer tomato cultivars for greenhouse and open field production, respectively. Among cherry tomato cultivars, BHN 268 was the highest in lycopene for open field production and Sakura for greenhouse production. Additionally, open field–produced tomatoes taste better than greenhouse-produced tomatoes, but lycopene content may be constrained for mid- and late-season fruits due to high temperature conditions under open field conditions.
PENGARUH PROMOSI MEDIA SOSIAL, CELEBRITY ENDORSER, DAN PERCEIVED QUALITY TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN
Authors: Sisnuhadi Sisnuhadi , Sirait Stefanus Kevin
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan  untuk mengeksplorasi dampak promosi media sosial, celebrity endorser, dan perceived quality terhadap keputusan pembelian pada produk  SuperTrack Clothing di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Regresi linier berganda diterapkan untuk signifikansi antar variabel, dan uji koefisien determinasi.   Variabel  independen dalam penelitian ini yaitu promosi media sosial, celebrity endorser, dan perceived quality sedangkan variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah   keputusan pembelian. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa bahwa semakin gencar promosi media sosial akan meningkatkan keputusan pembelian, semakin terkenal celebrity endorser akan meningkatkan keputusan pembelian, semakin kuat perceived quality yang dimilliki konsumen, akan mendorong peningkatan keputusan pembelian. Kata Kunci: promosi media sosial, celebrity endorser, perceived quality, dan keputusan pembelian ABSTRACT This research was conducted to explore the impact of social media promotion, celebrity endorsers, and perceived quality on purchasing decisions on SuperTrack Clothing products in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Multiple linear regression was applied for significance between variables, and the coefficient of determination test. The independent variables in this study are social media promotion, celebrity endorser, and perceived quality, while the dependent variable in this study is the purchase decision. This study found that the more intense social media promotion will increase purchasing decisions, the more well-known celebrity endorsers will improve purchasing decisions, the stronger the perceived quality that consumers have, will encourage an enhance in purchasing decisions.Keywords: social media promotion, celebrity endorser, perceived quality, and purchasing decisions
Efektifitas Penggunaan Kembang Sepatu sebagai Indikator Alam untuk Identifikasi Senyawa Asam Basa
Authors: T Nur Elisa Hawa , Mulyanti Sri
Published: July 2021

Asam dan basa merupakan suatu zat yang dapat mengionisasi ion H+ dan ion OH- dalam larutan. Untuk mengidentifikasi suatu zat yang bersifat asam dan basa bisa menggunakan indikator bahan alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi jumlah kembang sepatu dan air yang digunakan sebagai pelarut, dengan bahan, alat dan metode sederhana. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan uji optimalisasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini memiliki perbedaan respon bahan yang bersifat asam maupun basa saat diidentifikasi menggunakan kembang sepatu yang sudah digiling dengan pelarut air menggunakan jumlah Kembang Sepatu (KS) yang berbeda yaitu A terdiri dari 5 buah KS, B 10 buah KS, dan C 15 buah KS. Perubahan warna tersebut seiring dengan perubahan struktur dari senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung pada kembang sepatu yakni antosianin pada setiap kondisi pH. Percobaan dengan jumlah kembang sepatu yang sedikit dan air yang lebih sedikit menunjukkan degredasi warna di setiap percobaan. Percobaan yang menggunakan kembang sepatu dan air yang lebih banyak terlihat bahwa warna yang dihasilkan semakin pekat akan tetapi degredasi warnanya tidak berubah secara signifikan jika dibandingkan dengan pengujian pada kode A1 (kembang sepatu dengan jeruk manis), A2 (kembang sepatu dengan jeruk nipis), A3 (kembang sepatu dengan cuka), A4 (kembang sepatu dengan soda kue), dan A5 (kembang sepatu dengan sabun cair).  Kembang sepatu dapat dijadikan sebagai indikator alam karena pada kembang sepatu terdapat struktur senyawa antosianin pada setiap pH.
Studi Perbandingan Adsorpsi-Desorpsi Anion Nitrat dan Sulfat pada Bentonit Termodifikasi
Authors: Adawiah Syarifah Rabiatul , Sutarno Sutarno , Nur Arfiani , Gani Rahmiani , Andriani Titik
Published: July 2021

Telah dilakukan studi perbandingan adsorpsi-desorpsi nitrat dan sulfat pada bentonit termodifikasi. Adsorpsi dilakukan dengan mengocok adsorben dalam larutan adsorbat pada kondisi pH, waktu kontak dan konsentrasi optimum. Selanjutnya dilakukan studi desorpsi pada air dan asam sitrat yang menggunakan adsorben yang telah mengadsorpsi nitrat dan sulfat. Studi menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas adsorpsi dipengaruhi oleh muatan dan ukuran anion. Semakin kecil muatan dan ukuran anion, semakin besar kapasitas adsorpsinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kapasitas adsorpsi: nitrat (0,032 mmol g-1) sulfat (0,020 mmol g-1). Pada studi desorpsi menunjukkan bahwa persentase pelepasan juga dipengaruhi oleh muatan dan ukuran anion, semakin besar muatan dan ukuran anion maka semakin mudah proses desorpsi. Persentase desorpsi dalam air pada waktu kesetimbangan adalah: sulfat (71,33%) nitrat (50,71%) dan dalam asam sitrat adalah: sulfat (95,76%) nitrat (59,05%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelarutan anion dalam asam sitrat lebih besar dari pada air, hal ini merupakan persyaratan untuk aplikasi pupuk lepas lambat (SRF).
Silica-Rice Husk as Adsorbent of Cr (VI) Ions Prepared through Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Rodiah Siti , Huljana Mifta , Al Jabbar Jauharuddin Luthfi , Ichsan Chairul , Marzuki Hasan
Published: July 2021

One of the heavy metals contained in the textile industry wastewater is chromium (Cr). Chromium hexavalent ions (Cr6+) are highly toxic and its accumulation in the human body will cause various negative impacts. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of silica synthesized by the sol-gel method to gain homogeneity and high purity. Synthesized silica was calcined at 700°C for 4 hours and its performance to adsorb Cr(VI) ions  in textile wastewater was investigated. The presence of -OH group from silanol (–Si-OH) was appeared at wavenumber 3367.70 cm-1, meanwhile siloxane functional groups were recorded at 1056.99 cm-1 and 784.38 cm-1 due to the O-Si-O asymmetric stretching and Si-O bending vibration. Optimum conditions of silica to adsorb Cr(VI) ions took place at pH 2 and contact time of 90 minutes by adsorption efficiency of 75,65% and followed the Freundlich isotherm.
Embolismo pulmonar masivo y trombo en ventrículo derecho post-infarto agudo de miocardio
Authors: Mera-Martínez Paulo Francisco , Guerrero-Montero Aida Gabriela , Araujo Prado Laura María , Portillo Miño José Darío
Published: July 2021

Introducción: un trombo en ventrículo derecho y embolismo pulmonar post infarto agudo de miocardio sin elevación del ST es muy inusual. Es considerado una emergencia médica y es imperativo instaurar una opción terapéutica inmediata. Presentación del caso: paciente femenina de 80 años consulta a la sala de emergencias por síncope, dolor torácico y disnea persistente. Se confirmó síndrome coronario agudo por electrocardiograma y troponina I elevada. En estudios complementarios se encontró hallazgo incidental de trombo en el ventrículo derecho y un angio-TAC confirmó embolismo pulmonar masivo. Discusión: el trombo en ventrículo derecho y embolismo pulmonar masivo post infarto es un fenómeno muy raro en el escenario clínico debido a la instauración temprana de la terapia anti-isquémica. Es necesario mayor investigación para aclarar este fenómeno.
Palabras clave: Infarto agudo de miocardio; Trombo; Ventrículo derecho; Embolismo pulmonar masivo.
The Cardiovascular Benefits of Caffeinated Beverages: Real or Surreal? “Metron Ariston - All in Moderation”
Authors: Manolis Antonis A. , Manolis Theodora A. , Apostolopoulos Evdoxia J. , Melita Helen , Manolis Antonis S.
Published: July 2021

:

Caffeinated beverages are the most widely consumed beverages globally with coffee and tea as the two most prominent sources of caffeine. Caffeine content varies across different types of beverages. In addition to caffeine, coffee and tea have other biologically active compounds, and all may affect general and cardiovascular (CV) health. Moderate caffeine consumption (<300-400 mg/day), regardless of the source, is considered safe by both European and US Health Authorities, as it is not associated with adverse health and CV effects, while it may confer certain health benefits. There is a nonlinear association between coffee ingestion and CV risk; moderate coffee drinking is inversely significantly associated with CV risk, with the highest benefit at 2-4 cups per day, while heavy coffee drinking might confer increased risk. With regards to tea, due to a lower caffeine content per serving, its consumption is only limited by the total caffeine daily intake. Both these caffeinated beverages, coffee and tea, have additional phenolic compounds, with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which confer cardioprotective benefits. Of the several coffee compounds, chloroacetic acids and melanoidins offer such beneficial effects, while diterpenes may have unfavorable effects on lipids. Most of the tea ingredients (polyphenols) are cardioprotective. A major concern relates to energy drinks with their much higher caffeine content which puts individuals, especially adolescents and young adults, at high health and CV risk. All these issues are herein discussed, including pertinent studies and meta-analyses, pathogenetic mechanisms involved and relevant recommendations from health authorities.
The Regulatory Role of Pivotal MicroRNAs in the AKT Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer
Authors: Taefehshokr Sina , Taefehshokr Nima , Derakhshani Afshin , Baghbanzadeh Amir , Astamal Reza Vaezi , Safaei Sahar , Abbasi Samane , Hajazimian Saba , Maroufi Nazila Fathi , Isazadeh Alireza , Hajiasgharzadeh Khalil , Baradaran Behzad
Published: July 2021

:

Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women, and it remains the main challenge despite improved treatments. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a small non-coding family of RNAs that play an indispensable role in regulating major physiological processes, including differentiation, proliferation, invasion, migration, cell cycle regulation, stem cell maintenance apoptosis, and organ development. The dysregulation of these tiny molecules is associated with various human malignancies. More than 50% of these non-coding RNA sequences estimated have been placed on genomic regions or fragile sites linked to cancer. Following the discovery of the first signatures of specific miRNA in breast cancer, numerous researches focused on involving these tiny RNAs in breast cancer physiopathology as a new therapeutic approach or as reliable prognostic biomarkers. In the current review, we focus on recent findings related to the involvement of miRNAs in breast cancer via the AKT signaling pathway related to their clinical implications.
QbD-Enabled Systematic Development of Ileo-Colonic Targeted Novel Mucoadhesive Microspheres of Flurbiprofen
Authors: Pande Saikat , Vashi Janu , Solanki Ajay
Published: July 2021

Background:

Flurbiprofen (FLBP), used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, has a
short biological half-life. Frequent intake of FLBP may lead to some serious gastric complications,
which makes FLBP an ideal candidate for sustained release preparation to the Ileo-colonic region
of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

Objective:

The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of Eudragit coated chitosan
microspheres in delivering Flurbiprofen in a sustained manner to the Ileo-colonic region of the GIT
for treatment of ulcerative colitis.

Methods:

In the present study, mucoadhesive chitosan microspheres were prepared using the emulsion
solvent evaporation method by varying different process parameters. Optimized chitosan microspheres
were coated with Eudragit L-100 and Eudragit S-100. A 32 full factorial design was applied
for optimization. The effect of independent variables (Eudragit L-100 to Eudragit S-100 ratio
and stirring speed) on dependent variable i.e. percentage cumulative drug release (%CDR) at 3 h
and 24 h was evaluated. The optimized batch was evaluated by FT-IR, DSC study, XRD study and
SEM analysis.

Results:

Discrete spherical shape chitosan microspheres with entrapment efficiency of up to 95.4%
were obtained and selected for coating. Chitosan microspheres were coated successfully with different
ratios of Eudragit L-100 to Eudragit S-100. The release profile of the optimized batch matches
with the desired release profile. FLBP was found to be stable and molecularly dispersed in the polymer
matrix.

Conclusion:

Taken together it can be concluded that prepared microspheres may be considered as
a suitable for delivering FLBP to the Ileo-colonic region of the GIT in the treatment of ulcerative
colitis.
Contrast-induced Nephropathy in Non-cardiac Vascular Procedures, A Narrative Review: Part 1
Authors: Raffort Juliette , Lareyre Fabien , Katsiki Niki , Mikhailidis Dimitri P.
Published: July 2021

:

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is animportant complication of iodinated contrast
medium (CM) administration, being associated with both short- and long-term adverse outcomes
(e.g. cardiorenal events, longer hospital stay and mortality). CIN has been mainly studied in relation
to cardiac procedures but it can also occur following non-cardiac vascular interventions. This
is Part 1 of a narrative review summarizing the available literature on CIN after non-cardiac vascular
diagnostic or therapeutic procedures for aortic aneurysm and carotid stenosis. We discuss the
definition, pathophysiology, incidence, risk factors, biomarkers and consequences of CIN in these
settings, as well as preventive strategies and alternatives to limit iodinated CM use. Physicians and
vascular surgeons should be aware of CM-related adverse events and the potential strategies to
avoid it. Clearly, more research in this important field is required.
Impact of COVID-19 on Gender Equality, Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights of Adolescent Girls and Young Women: A Narrative Review
Authors: Kumar Naina , Singh Amit Kant
Published: July 2021

:

Adolescent girls and young women constitute a vulnerable population worldwide and an easy target to secondary impacts of a pandemic due to societal norms, existing age, gender-based inequalities, leading to a condition known as “second pandemic”. Due to local and national lockdowns to prevent coronavirus spread, educational institutions, workplaces, and health services have been shut down, making adolescent girls and women prone to sexual, physical exploitation, gender-based violence, educational, financial loss, lack of sexual and reproductive services. The present review briefs some of these secondary impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent girls and women, which, if taken care of, can prevent many long-term consequences.

Methodology:

The literature was searched from governmental, non-governmental sites and agencies like WHO, UN, UNICEF, Guttmacher Institute, International Labor Organization, and English peer-reviewed journals, using the USA National Library of Medicine (Pubmed) database, the regional portal of Virtual Health Library, and Scientific Electronic Library Online. The data from the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic till March 2021 about the impact of COVID-19 on women and children were searched and studied. The descriptors used were school drop-out children, adolescent girls, women suffering at home/work, unmet need for contraception, unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion, child marriages, and female genital mutilation.

Results and Conclusion:

COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a “hidden pandemic” against women and children. There is a skyrocketing rise in violence against women/girls, teenage pregnancies, school drop-outs, child marriages, abuse, and female genital mutilation. Hence, women and adolescent girls should be protected from the shadowing effects of the pandemic.
A Review on Nuclear Imaging as a Promising Modality for Efficient Diagnosis of Tuberculosis
Authors: Rafique Asma , Rasheed Rashid , Shamim Saba , Ijaz Munazza , Murtaza Ghulam
Published: July 2021

:

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease, which has been declared as a global health issue by the World Health Organization in 1993. Due to the complex pathophysiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it remains a global threat. This article reviews the conventional diagnostic modalities for tuberculosis, their limitations to detect latent TB, multiple drug resistant-TB, human immunodeficiency virus co-infected TB lesions, and TB in children. Moreover, this review illustrates the importance of nuclear medicine imaging for early, non-invasive diagnosis of TB, to detect disease stages and to monitor therapy response. Single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography with their particular radionuclides are now extensively being used for a thorough assessment of TB.
In Vitro Effects of Propofol on Cytotoxic, Apoptotic and PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway
Genes on Brain Cancer Cells
Authors: Edgunlu Tuba Gokdogan , Avci Cigir Biray , Ozates Neslihan Pınar , Bagca Bakiye Goker , Celik Sevim Karakas , Boluk Aydin , Ugur Bakiye
Published: July 2021

Aim:

The study aimed to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of propofol on glioma cells.

Background:

Propofol [2,6-diisopropylphenol] is a commonly used intravenous anesthetic. Propofol is known to have a mechanism of action on the PI3K-AKT pathway.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of propofol on the proliferation and apoptosis of human glioma cells, as well as to investigate changes in expression levels of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway genes.

Materials and Methods:

The cytotoxic effect of propofol on the U-87 MG cell line was determined by WST-1 method.
Annexin V-FITC and Mitoprobe JC-1 assay were used to measure apoptosis by flow cytometry. The expression levels
of genes in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway were investigated by qRT-PCR.

Results:

We have shown that propofol induced apoptosis in U-87 MG cells by 17.1 fold compared to the untreated
control. Furthermore, significant differences were found in the expression levels of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway
genes.

Conclusion:

As a result of our study, it was found that propofol caused differences in expression levels of PI3K-AKT
signaling pathway genes and it was suggested that these differences may be related to apoptosis induction.
Current Insight into the Therapeutic Potential of Phytocompounds and their Nanoparticle-Based Systems for Effective Management of Lung Cancer
Authors: Fatima Mahak , Iqubal Mohammad Kashif , Iqubal Ashif , Kaur Harsimran , Gilani Sadaf Jamal , Rahman Md. Habibur , Ahmadi Amirhossein , Rizwanullah Md.
Published: July 2021

:

Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the primary cause of cancer-related death in both men and women worldwide. Due to diagnosis at an advanced stage, it is associated with high mortality in the majority of patients. At present, various treatment approaches are available, such as chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, but all these approaches usually cause serious side effects like degeneration of normal cells, bone marrow depression, alopecia, extensive vomiting, etc. To overcome the aforementioned problems, researchers have focused on the alternative therapeutic approach in which various natural compounds are reported, which possessed anti-lung cancer activity. Phytocompounds exhibit their anti lung cancer activity via targeting various cell-signaling pathways, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and by regulating antioxidant status and detoxification. Apart from the excellent anti-cancer activity, clinical administration of phytocompounds is confined because of their high lipophilicity and low bioavailability. Therefore, researchers show their concern in the development of a stable, safe and effective approach of treatment with minimal side effects by the development of nanoparticle-based delivery of these phytocompounds to the target site. Targeted delivery of phytocompound through nanoparticles overcomes the aforementioned problems. In this article, the molecular mechanism of phytocompounds, their emerging combination therapy, and their nanoparticles-based delivery systems in the treatment of lung cancer have been discussed.
The Protective Role of Etoricoxib Against Diethylnitrosamine/2-acetylaminofluorene- Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar Rats: The Impact of NF-κB/COX-2/PGE2 Signaling
Authors: Omar Hany , Ali Gaber , Hersi Fatema , Abo-Youssef Amira , Ahmed Osama , Mohamed Wafaa
Published: July 2021

Background:

Liver cancer ranks as the 7th and 5th leading cause of cancer morbidity worldwide in men and women, respectively. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and is associated with an increasing global burden of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH).

Objective:

The present study aimed to investigate the possible chemopreventive effect of etoricoxib on diethylnitrosamine (DENA) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2AAF)-induced HCC in male Wistar rats.

Methods:

HCC was induced by DENA (150 mg/kg/week; i.p) for 2 weeks, then 2AAF (20 mg/kg; p.o) every other day for three successive weeks. Etoricoxib (0.6 mg/kg, p.o.) was given to DENA/ 2AAF-administered rats for 20 weeks.

Results:

Etoricoxib significantly suppressed alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19.9) as liver tumor biomarkers. It also decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin levels while increased serum albumin levels. Besides, it alleviated DENA/2AAF-induced histopathological abrasions and inflammatory cell infiltration. Furthermore, etoricoxib showed a potent antioxidant effect, supported by a significant lipid peroxide reduction and elevation in superoxide dismutase activity and GSH content. In addition, Etoricoxib significantly down-regulated the protein expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB), phosphorylated nuclear Factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the current results proved that etoricoxib possesses an anticarcinogenic effect via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and modulation of NF-κB/COX-2/PGE2 signaling.
Formulation Development of Nifedipine through Nanotechnology: A Comprehensive
Review
Authors: Sarker Sabarni , Rafe Md. Rajdoula
Published: July 2021

Background:

The therapeutic use of nifedipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel
blocker, is limited due to its poor solubility profile, rapid onset of its action, stability profile and
short biological half-life. Many formulation techniques have been applied to improve physicochemical
and pharmacological properties of the drug.

Objective:

The objective of the study is to summarize the nanotechnology approaches made to improve
the therapeutic and pharmacokinetic properties of nifedipine till 2020.

Methods:

The searches for the related articles were done up to 28 March 2020 with the specific
keywords in Pubmed and Google Scholar excluding review articles.

Results:

The discussion showed that among the nano-carriers used to improve the pharmacological
property of the drug, lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, crystalline nanoparticles, and
nano-emulsions were prevalent. Nanotechnology has been efficient to improve the solubility profile
of nifedipine, achieve sustained and controlled release by achieving targeted and local delivery
and transdermal drug delivery. Exploiting nano-formulations, new windows of therapeutic applications
have been achieved. Finally, micelle media, polymeric nanoparticles, and microcrystalline
nanoparticles have been used to develop a photostable formulation.

Conclusion:

The technological innovations in the field of nanomedicine have paved many ways
for the delivery of nifedipine and such sparingly water-soluble compounds.
Regenerative Pain Medicine, the New Era of Interventional Pain Management, Restart Now!
Authors:   Anesthesiology Department, Dr. Soedono Hospital, Madiun Indonesia, Koeshardiandi Mirza
Published: July 2021

Musculoskeletal conditions become the leading contributor of the total years lived disability (YLD) by causing 21.3% of the YLDs, after mental and behavioral problems. Several musculoskeletal conditions give a disproportional impact on low back pain, one of the leading causes of disability. Lateral epicondylitis with a prevalence of 1-2%, commonly suffered by adults in their 30-65 years old. Epicondylitis was also suffered by a small population of athletes, such as professional tennis players (10% of epicondylitis population). The severe repetitive injuries that affect the individual daily activity also increase the daily health care cost. Osteoarthritis and tendinopathy often become the cause of pain and musculoskeletal disability. However, the etiology of pain in osteoarthritis is multifactorial. The incidence of osteoarthritis reaches 6% in 30 years old population and increases due to aging. Degenerative disease, the reduction of function or structure of the tissue or organ due to aging, encourages the pain specialist to perform a reliable pain management/therapy. Prolotherapy, especially dextrose prolotherapy, has become a promising technique by providing a safe degenerative therapy, easy to performed, and highly available in health facilities. Nowadays, it is necessary to pay more attention to causative-based treatment strategies than symptom-based treatment. A multidisciplinary team is also needed to provide appropriate treatment.
The Use of Dexmedetomidine on Pediatrics Undergoing MRI Examinations
Authors:   Resident of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Residency Program in Medical Faculty, Brawijaya University – Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia Indonesia, Suprobo Gembong Pandhu , Yupono Karmini ,   Pediatric Anesthesiologist Consultant of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Residency Program in Medical Faculty, Brawijaya University – Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia Indonesia, Vitraludyono Rudy ,   Teaching Staff of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Residency Program in Medical Faculty, Brawijaya University – Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
Published: July 2021

Dexmedetomidine, an α2 adrenergic agonist, has been commonly used as an off-label anesthetic adjuvant in various procedures and age groups. Lately, dexmedetomidine is increasingly preferred as sedation for pediatric patients undergoing MRI, which requires the patient to remain still in a deep sedation without disturbing airway patency. Dexmedetomidine administration via intranasal or buccal route is preferred for pediatric patients. Dexmedetomidine does not undergo significant pharmacokinetic changes when used in conjunction with other anesthetics, and has a good safety profile. It is 8-10 times more selective against α2 receptors than clonidine and produces sedation, analgesia, vasodilation, and bradycardia without significant airway and respiratory depression risk. Unlike other anesthetic agents, dexmedetomidine does not have any negative effect on brain development. Compared with propofol, dexmedetomidine has a longer onset and duration of action. Thus, dexmedetomidine can be used as the sole sedating agent in infants and children undergoing MRI procedures, with good sedation results and minimal side effects. However, correct dosing is very important given the side effects of bradycardia and hypotension that can occur with its use.
Editorial Strategies of Hungarian Women Editors in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Bozsoki Petra
Published: July 2021

While significant research has been done on periodicals for women readers published in Hungary in the second half of the nineteenth century, little is known about the editors of these periodicals. This article offers a brief discussion of how Hungarian women’s editorial strategies differed from those adopted by their male colleagues. It argues that although periodicals edited by women tended to feature more female literary authors than those edited by men, they generally had no aim of creating a female group consciousness. The essay then goes on to focus on one significant exception, the first periodical edited by a woman in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, Emília Kánya's (1828–1905) Családi Kör [Family Circle] (1860–80), which, on the contrary, connected its marketing strategy with female community building. The analysis draws on insights from the fields of women’s studies, history of literature, and history of journalism.
Mother of Three and Widow of the Nation: The Hungarian Mrs Vachott (1828–96) as Protégé-Editor
Authors: Török Zsuzsa
Published: July 2021

This article focuses on the editorial undertakings of the Hungarian Mária Csapó (1828–96), better known as Mrs Vachott. Using her personal correspondence, memoirs, and the magazines she edited, the article traces the particularities of Mrs Vachott’s career as an author and periodical editor. It does so by examining her performed identities in real life and as editor of various magazines. Furthermore, it intends to demonstrate that Mrs Vachott’s professional endeavours were defined and shaped by a personal loss that eventually became her strongest symbolic capital in building up a literary career. Finally, the article suggests that Mrs Vachott’s case offers valuable insights into the types of editorial roles that women inhabited during the nineteenth century.
Elisabetta Caminer Turra’s Editorial Strategies for Introducing English Novels in Italy through her Periodicals
Authors: Penso Andrea
Published: July 2021

This article investigates the figure of Elisabetta Caminer Turra (1751–96) and the role she played in the Italian reception of English novels during the eighteenth century. One key characteristic of Caminer Turra’s editorship of Giornale enciclopedico (1774–82), Nuovo giornale enciclopedico (1783–89), and Nuovo giornale enciclopedico d’Italia (1790–96) was the diffusion of foreign culture in the Italian peninsula: during her career she always aimed at the renovation and improvement of the intellectual milieu of the time. Caminer Turra’s journals played an important role in the Italian reception of foreign literature during the second half of the eighteenth century. The goal of this study is to show (a) how English novels were reviewed, censored, and introduced to the Italian public through the many articles, reviews, and announcements that appeared in the journals she supervised, and (b) to examine, from a stylistic, thematic, and political point of view, the ways in which she played her role as maker of culture and arbiter of taste, in order to clarify the importance of her function as a cultural mediator.
Editorial Identities, Business Models, and Social Strategies: Spanish Women Editors in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Sanz-Cabrerizo Amelia , Alvarez-Morales Lola
Published: July 2021

This article examines women’s periodical editorship in nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century Spain. Drawing on library collections and digital periodical databases, it revisits the pioneering research on a small number of major figures undertaken since the 1990s and tests it on a much larger scale. Was female editorship a negligible phenomenon in the history of the Spanish press, or are we only beginning to discover its scope? And if more women editors are identified, to what extent can we extrapolate insights into the profiles, networks, and strategies of a few grandes dames to larger numbers? Our approach not only enables us to answer these questions on a quantitative level, it also opens up a large corpus of periodicals for more in-depth qualitative research. Specifically, after presenting some quantitative findings and general observations, we examine three factors that played a role in the success and failure of Spanish women’s periodical editorship: editorial identities, business models, and social strategies.
Mary Howitt and Howitt's Journal (1847–48)
Authors: Shattock Joanne
Published: July 2021

This article examines a rare phenomenon in nineteenth-century British print culture, a periodical jointly edited by a husband and wife team. Howitt’s Journal, a weekly miscellany with a progressive political agenda, ran for only eighteen months from January 1847 to June 1848, edited by William and Mary Howitt. The history of Howitt’s Journal is particularly relevant to the question of women’s agency in the world of periodicals, the ways in which women editors could have a public voice and engage in debate on political and social issues. One methodological issue the article raises is how we assess an editor’s contribution to any publication, the nature of their input, and the extent to which they drive the agenda. In the case of a joint editorship, how do we identify the contributions and responsibilities of each editor? The paper is based on an examination of Mary Howitt’s unpublished letters in the Houghton Library, Harvard, which provide new evidence of the extent of her involvement in the Journal. It tests the Howitts’ editorial style, and Mary’s in particular, against theories of editorship put forward by Patten and Finkelstein (2006) and Matthew Philpotts (2012) and suggests that these models of editorship are essentially masculine.
The Magyar Bazár (1866–1904) and the Literary Salon Hosted by the Wohl Sisters in Budapest
Authors: Mészáros Zsolt
Published: July 2021

Cultural and media studies research of the past decades has emphasized the relationship between women’s literary salons and the periodical press, as well as the connection between conversation and publishing. In line with these approaches I examine the Magyar Bazár [Hungarian Bazar] (1866–1904), the most popular fashion magazine of the end of the nineteenth century in Hungary. The editors of Magyar Bazár were two sisters, Janka (1843–1901) and Stephanie Wohl (1846–89), who both had a widereaching erudition and internationally acknowledged reputation. They published articles in their mother tongue for the Hungarian press, as well as in German, French, and English for European journals (Revue internationale, the Scotsman, the Queen, Der Bazar), and published books with foreign publishers. Besides their work as writers, editors and journalists, the Wohl sisters hosted a literary salon in Budapest. This salon became the favourite meeting place of contemporary intellectuals, artists, and politicians — many of them also from abroad. In this article, I present the Wohl sisters’ rich oeuvre (as writers, editors, and translators) by interpreting their salon as the place of cultural and intellectual exchanges, and the site of creativity and networking. I will examine how social life and editorial work were connected in the production of their journal. I will demonstrate the interrelations of the Wohl sisters’ salon and the Magyar Bazár by placing these into their transnational and cross-cultural context.
Women Editors in Europe
Authors: Van Remoortel Marianne , Birkholz Julie M. , Alesina Maria , Bezari Christina , D'Eer Charlotte , Forestier Eloise
Published: July 2021

This special issue of the Journal of European Periodical Studies contains a selection of eleven papers presented at the 2019 Women Editors in Europe conference at Ghent University. It explores women’s editorship in a wide range of national and transnational contexts in five full-length articles by Judit Acsády, Lola Alvarez-Morales and Amelia Sanz-Cabrerizo, Aisha Bazlamit, Andrea Penso, and Joanne Shattock, and five shorter pieces by Petra Bozsoki, Zsolt Mészáros, Marie Nedregotten Sørbø, Zsuzsa Török, and Alicja Walczyna, headed by a provocative essay by the conference keynote speaker, Fionnuala Dillane. Spanning three centuries and seven European languages, the special issue not only offers insight into the breadth and diversity of women’s editorial work for the press; it also draws together different national and language traditions in periodical scholarship and makes them accessible to an international audience.
What is a Periodical Editor? Types, Models, Characters, and Women
Authors: Dillane Fionnuala
Published: July 2021

When we talk about women periodical editors, do we share a conceptual or definitional understanding of what we mean when we say ‘editor’, whatever our language? Does it matter if we leave the label so open that it incorporates as many types of periodical editor as there are periodicals? Can we be more categorical? And, critically, do we need to be more categorical? Accounts of editorial types that exist in the nineteenth-century British context are diverse in terms of descriptors but overwhelmingly male and white as models. Does the rich and extensive recuperation of editorial work by women over the past four decades require shared frames of understanding that counter such gendered models and that work across our different linguistic, ideological, geographical, and social territories? This discussion concludes that models and typologies are too restrictive, exclusive, and confining: they replicate and reinforce sets of privilege. Instead, we might work on developing shared sets of questions that will allow for comparative analysis across our various case studies so that we can debate issues of access, power, and influence, seek common ground, and articulate the reasons for difference.
Product crossing: designing connections using a product example
Authors: Bleuzé Tore , Ceupens J.
Published: July 2021

Today, more and more products are made with multi materials, hybrid materials and compositematerials to fulfil the more and more requiring product needs. Therefore connections and joints play a keyrole in (product) design. How to connect different parts remains one of the core questions in the design ofproducts. In practice designers often fall back on a few known joining solutions. Tools like a joiningselection software can be useful but can also limit the creativity of the designer. Certainly, in the beginningof the design process. Existing creativity techniques, which are suitable for all types of problems, can beused, but are mostly holistic and superficial. Therefore there is a need for divergent and inspirationaltechniques that focuses on the design of products and their connections. In this paper the authors discussan experimental method called “product crossing”, in which a real product is used as inspiration during theidea generation. The method was tested with several students with different backgrounds (industrial(product) design and mechanical design). They translated product properties and aspects of the exampleproduct in the specific context of their design which resulted in surprising product idea’s. The different testcases are also discussed in this paper.
Increasing information feed in the process of structural steel design
Authors: Pauwels P. , Jonckheere T. , De Meyer R. , Van Campenhout J.
Published: July 2021

Research initiatives throughout history have shown how a designer typically makes associationsand references to a vast amount of knowledge based on experiences to make decisions. With theincreasing usage of information systems in our everyday lives, one might imagine an information systemthat provides designers access to the ‘architectural memories’ of other architectural designers during thedesign process, in addition to their own physical architectural memory. In this paper, we discuss how theincreased adoption of semantic web technologies might advance this idea. We investigate to what extentinformation can be described with these technologies in the context of structural steel design. Thisinvestigation indicates possibilities regarding information reuse in the process of structural steel design and,by extent, in other design contexts as well.
Multibody dynamic models in biomechanics: modelling issues and a new model
Authors: Fekete G. , Csizmadia B. , De Baets P. , Wahab M.A.
Published: July 2021

In the surgical process of total knee replacement (TKR), it is well known that the three types of failureswhich are; a) unable to reproduce normal knee function, b) bone-implant interface failure c) wear duringuse. These failures are certainly due to the motion and the load that influence the prosthesis components.In this study, the modelling questions of the human knee joint will be discussed in relation only to themultibody dynamics models. Firstly, a summary is presented about the relevant literature, where themodels with their different features are presented and evaluated. The existing models are mainly focusedon the investigation of the ligaments (linear of non-linear properties), the description of the contact path,and contact forces during the motion, kinematics (rotation, abduction and adduction) and even the wearmechanism of the knee joint. The primal advantages of the multibody dynamics models are the easyadaptability in the mechanical parameters to carry out simulations and the connection with CAE programsthat helps the design of new prostheses. A new multibody model is also presented by the authors.