bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First approaches to an underexplored dialect region: Trudgill’s Upper Southwest
Authors: Asprey Esther , Jeffries Ella , Kailoglou Eleftherios
Published: November 2021

Although dialectology in England received two major boosts at the end of the 19th century and the middle of the 20th century (Ellis 1889 and Orton & Barry 1956-8), discussion of dialect change since that time has avoided discussion of many areas, concentrated as it was in those Universities with a tradition of dialectology (Essex, Leeds, Sheffield, Newcastle). Though many areas have since been re-examined in England; notably Bristol dialect (Blaxter & Coates 2019), Newcastle dialect (Milroy 1994, Milroy et al. 1999) Sunderland dialect (Burbano-Elizondo 2007), and Manchester dialect (Baranowski & Turton 2015, Bermúdez-Otero et al. 2015) there remain many areas which were never fully explored at the time of the Survey of English Dialects (Birmingham as an urban area for example was completely bypassed by that survey), as well as many areas which remain little known and studied. This paper brings together what is known about the dialects of the Upper Southwest and suggests pointers for directions in future research there based on the data from Worcestershire and Herefordshire that we discuss.
Miradas aéreas en la literatura de Santiago de Chile. Desde Le Corbusier al frequent flyer contemporáneo
Authors: Willem Bieke
Published: November 2021

La vista aérea introdujo en la primera mitad del siglo XX una nueva forma de percepción que cambió por completo el concepto de paisaje y desempeñó un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de un imaginario urbano moderno. El siguiente artículo resume en un primer momento las características de esta mirada aérea moderna a través de los apuntes que el arquitecto y urbanista Le Corbusier tomó durante sus viajes por América Latina. Luego, se examinan los vestigios de aquella mirada en la literatura latinoamericana contemporánea. Más en concreto, el artículo se centra en cuatro ejemplos literarios de aterrizajes en Santiago de Chile con el fin de estudiar cómo el deseo de unidad urbana se filtra en la literatura a través de la vista aérea. Estrella distante de Roberto Bolaño, Synco de Jorge Baradit, Una casa vacía de Carlos Cerda y Sangre en el ojo de Lina Meruane se construyen alrededor de tres tipos de miradas que se vierten sobre la capital: la del poeta-conquistador, la del turista y la del chileno que regresa. Estas miradas verticales vehiculan un distanciamiento gradual con respecto a la realidad urbana y sus problemas de fragmentación.
Un imaginario (transmedial) de São Paulo. Cuadrado negro sobre fondo blanco en Ellos eran muchos caballos de Luiz Ruffato
Authors: Rolle Carolina
Published: November 2021

En Eles eram muitos cavalos de Luiz Ruffato de Souza nos encontramos casi al finalizar la novela (categoría que pondré en discusión) una hoja en blanco en cuyo anverso y reverso hay una gran imagen negra que podemos leer con relación al Cuadrado negro sobre fondo blanco de Kazimir Malévich. A partir de aquí, me interesa preguntarme, ¿por qué Ruffato recupera tal imagen ícono de la vanguardia rusa para construir un imaginario de la ciudad contemporánea de San Pablo? De allí que propongo entablar un diálogo transmedial entre ambas poéticas al señalar la necesidad que ambas tienen de expresar desde una forma no tradicional una nueva sensibilidad que se vincula a la idea de destrucción.
Blockchain insisted resilience enhancement of power electricity markets using distributed energy trading
Authors: Bose Dipanjan , Chanda Chandan Kumar , Chakrabarti Abhijit
Published: November 2021

The resilience of the power grid is taking a vital role in the energy supply and distribution process. But due to the rapid growth of integration of renewable distributed energy sources to the traditional power grid, the nature of the trading system is shifted from the centralized to decentralized or distributed manner. Blockchain is one of the most emerging security technologies that change the dimension of the financial and energy sector with openness and complete freedom. Blockchain implemented distributed energy trading promotes decentralized electricity markets. The physical system consists of the planning of the routing of energy from one place to another. A user can not send power to another customer in any severe outage or natural disaster in a traditional system. The user cannot participate in the trade globally. So in this proposed methodology, the connections of each customer to the central grid through several microgrids have been shown. In this work, an innovative approach in trading and finding a solution to a payment method is proposed. Ethereum blockchain-based smart contracts completed the entire trading system in automation mode in our proposed system. Any power outage at one place can be compensated by routing a new path of energy inflow from another active source, which enhances the system’s resiliency to a certain degree. While trading, no third parties will be engaged so that the transaction is efficient and fast.
Anthocyanin content and storage stability of spray/freeze drying microencapsulated anthocyanins from berries: a review
Authors: Baeza Rosa , Chirife Jorge
Published: November 2021

A comprehensive literature search for articles published on spray and freeze-dried anthocyanins from a large variety of berries was performed. Out of a total of two-hundred and eight collected values, anthocyanin content in encapsulates had a 120-fold variation depending on the raw material and type of encapsulating agents. Highest observed anthocyanin concentration amounted to about 3500 mg/100 g powder. In most cases increasing the amount of encapsulant agents led to a noticeable reduction in the concentration of anthocyanins, this being attributable to a predominance of the dilution effect. Retention of encapsulated anthocyanins after storage at 25 °C (in darkness) for periods between 90 and 180 days were in the range of 80–67%, as long as the water activity (aw) was 0.33 or less. Some predicted values of half-time (t1/2) from literature must be taken with precaution since in many cases they were derived from experimental measurements taken at storage times smaller than predicted half times. Anthocyanin degradation during storage occurred even below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the amorphous matrices.
Influence of Crystal Structure on Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Injection Molded 𝛃-Nucleated iPP
Authors: Hamza A. , Arya R. K. , Palsodkar A. D. , Bhadu G. R. , Rizvi S. J. A.
Published: November 2021

Isotactic polypropylene (iPP) was nucleated in-situ with calcium pimelate during melt compounding. Calcium pimelate is a highly effective β-nucleator for isotactic polypropylene (iPP). The β-nucleated iPP was characterized by wide angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for its crystallinity and crystal structure. In addition, the injection-molded samples were tested for thermo-mechanical properties. It is found that very low quantity (< 0.1 wt. %) of β-nucleator is required to produce sufficiently high β-crystal fraction (Kβ) in isotactic polypropylene. β-nucleated iPP shows increment of 11 to 14 °C in its heat deflection temperature (HDT). It was also observed that slow cooling rate of β-nucleated iPP promotes the formation of β-crystals and that tensile stretching leads to complete transformation of β crystals into a-crystals at room temperature. It was also revealed that the presence of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA), a well-known coupling agent (or compatibilizer), may reduce the (Kβ) value to a marginal extent. It was also observed that the thermo-mechanical properties were not much affected by the presence of PP-g-MA. Therefore, calcium pimelate may be used as β-nucleator in case of neat as well as reinforced polypropylene containing maleic anhydride as coupling agent.
A comparative study of the effectiveness of an osteopathic primary care sports medicine led intervention on performance in men’s collegiate lacrosse players
Authors: Rao Naresh C. , Zwibel Hallie , Berezanskaya Jenny , Pena Paul , Jung Min-Kyung
Published: November 2021

Context

Comprehensive sports medicine care goes beyond the treatment of injuries resulting from athletic activities. Ultimately, it is a competence that includes knowledge in physical therapy, training, nutrition, coaching, motivation, competition, mentoring, psychology, and spirituality that allows the physician and patient to collaborate on promoting the patient’s health goals. The current literature demonstrates a lack of knowledge in the Osteopathic Primary Care Sports Medicine Model’s effectiveness in performance.

Objectives

To determine whether a comprehensive osteopathic primary care sports medicine approach can improve performance and health outcomes in collegiate athletes.

Methods

A randomized controlled trial commenced just prior to the start of the lacrosse season and concluded at the end of the season. All the New York Institute of Technology (NYIT) collegiate lacrosse players were educated first in a 1-day seminar of the core competencies, and all participants had access to ask questions on their own volition. Then they were randomized into two groups, either the experimental group receiving the direct osteopathic primary care sports medicine intervention (n=18) or the control group not having active intervention (n=19). Also, the overall team winning percentage for that season was computed and compared to that for the previous years and the following year. Participants were assessed before and after the intervention with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), custom Osteopathic Primary Care Sports Medicine questionnaire, and body fat composition, and their changes were compared between the experimental group and the control group. Collected data were analyzed using the repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results

Thirty-seven participants were enrolled in the study. After 14 participants were excluded due to being lost to follow-up, 23 athlete records were analyzed. The winning percentage of the team was highest during the year of the study period time than in the 3 previous years and the following year. The test group did not have any statistically significant change in the PHQ-9, SF-36, custom Osteopathic Primary Care Sports Medicine questionnaire, as well as in body fat composition.

Conclusions

When used during a collegiate lacrosse season, this Osteopathic Primary Care Sports Medicine intervention did not significantly improve health outcomes. This preliminary study, despite its limitations in compliance and study population size, did demonstrate improvement in overall team performance when comparing the intervention sport season to other seasons but was not statistically significantly. Therefore, further studies are warranted to improve the understanding in this approach to athlete health outcomes and performance.
Die Raum- und Zeitlehre Alois Riehlsim Kontext realistischer Interpretationen von Kants transzendentalem Idealismus
Authors: Meer Rudolf
Published: November 2021

InThe Philosophical Criticism, Alois Riehl developed a realistic interpretation of Kant’s transcendental idealism based on his theory of space and time. In doing so, more than 100 years ago, he formulated an interpretation of the relation between the thing in itself and appearances that is discussed in current research as the metaphysical „dual aspect“ interpretation, although it is rarely attributed to Riehl. To reconstruct Riehl’s position, the research results of comparative studies on Moritz Schlick are systematically extended and applied to the current debate on Kant’s transcendental idealism.
Die Villa Vigoni Thesen zur Lexikographie
Authors: Schierholz Stefan J.
Published: November 2021

The 15 Villa Vigoni theses on lexicography emerged from a German-Italian cooperation, being essential for the future of dictionaries as well as dictionaries of the future.
Crystal structure of azido-k1
N-{6,6′-((((methylazanediyl)bis(propane-3,1-diyl))bis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(2,4-dibromophenolato)k5
N,N′,N″,O,O′}cobalt(III)-methanol (1/1)), C21H23Br4CoN6O3
Authors: Duan Rui , Tian Hui , Guojun Yu , Wu Qiong
Published: November 2021

C21H23Br4CoN6O3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 16.2300(4) Å, b = 20.9661(6) Å, c = 7.8269(2) Å, β = 97.2250(11)°, V = 2642.19(12) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0336, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0981, T = 150.0 K.
Word-initial consonant–vowel coordination in a lexical pitch-accent language
Authors: Svensson Lundmark Malin , Frid Johan , Ambrazaitis Gilbert , Schötz Susanne
Published: November 2021

Previous research has acknowledged the effect of prosody on inter-gestural coordination, but specifically the effect of tones is still understudied. This paper has a two-fold purpose. First, it aims to explore effects of the Swedish word accents on word-initial consonant–vowel (CV) coarticulation. Second, it aims to revisit the existing evidence for tonal integration. Based on Articulatory Phonology, it has been suggested that tones – in tone languages – are integrated in the gestural organization of a syllable-initial CV sequence in the same manner as would an additional consonant (CCV), indicated by a time lag between the gestural onsets of the C and the V gesture (CV onset time lag). However, we argue that the existing evidence is inconclusive, because previous cross-linguistic research has used small-scale data sets (one to seven speakers), and we still lack a well-grounded consensus on how gestural onsets are to be measured. This study uses Electromagnetic Articulography (EMA) to investigate word-initial CV coordination in a lexical pitch-accent language (Swedish) with a binary tonal word accent distinction: a tonal fall and a tonal rise, respectively. A selection of 13 spatial, temporal or coordinative measures of bilabial and tongue body data from 19 speakers, and acousticfodata, were examined to study the CV sequence /ma/. Mixed effects regression models revealed a longer tongue body movement in the rising tone context and small but significant differences in tongue body height, in the closing and the opening of the lips, as well as in the CV onset time lag between the two tonal contexts. We argue that these effects are biomechanical in nature, due to the physiological connections between the tongue, the jaw, and the larynx. In addition, our results suggest either synchronized CV onsets or a CV onset time lag (as in tone languages), depending on the timing landmarks used. In order to evaluate such results as evidence for or against the integration of tone in CV coarticulation, we argue that future research needs to compare data from a variety of languages using a considerable number of speakers. The present study provides new reference values for such comparisons.
Sprache, Genres und Diskurstraditionen. Kognitionslinguistische Modelle im Lichte der romanistischen Theoriebildung
Authors: Tacke Felix
Published: November 2021

This paper provides an overview of the recent developments ingenre-related studies within the frameworks ofConstruction GrammarandCognitive Grammarand compares them to the notion ofdiscourse traditions, which is well-established in Romance linguistics but remains mostly unknown outside of it. It will be shown that, whereas the notion ofdiscourse traditionsfinds its origins in Coseriu’s full-fledged general theory speaking, recent constructionist approaches to linguistic genres (communicative genres,discourse genres,sedimented patterns,discourse patterns) are merely on the verge of developing into an integrated theory of language. Conversely, this paper will point to those aspects of more recent theories that offer the advantage of focusing on the cognitive dimension of the production, reception and interpretation of linguistic genres. Finally, it will be argued that despite their similarities, each notion provides a distinct perspective on its object.
Stimmversagen, Sprachinfarkt und Zungenbremse? Posttridentinische Betrachtungsliteratur Italiens zwischen orazione mentale und orazione vocale
Authors: Wodianka Stephanie
Published: November 2021

In the following, the literary potential of a counterreformation-minded uncertainty will be in focus which in turn resulted from the distinction in orazione orale and orazione mentale made in the context of the Council of Trent. The differentiation of inner-mental and external-vocal voice as well as one’s own word and the prescribed or appropriated word was accelerated by the Council and lead to a self-reflection of prayer literature and meditations concerning their voice and voicing. Whose voice speaks in prayers and contemplation and by which aesthetic qualities are they characterized? The literary crystallisation of standardization, domestication but also the emancipating obstinacy of the meditation-voice ought to be made visible hereafter in an exemplary way. Promoted by the Council of Trent, the revaluation of the spiritual ‘inner’ prayer, in comparison to the textual prayer spoken with an external voice, has become effective in the Catholic counterreformation literature as creative-conceptual freedom, but also as a practical-aesthetic challenge. Literary and lyrical meditations – as will be shown here using the example of Antonio Grillo, Gabriele Fiamma and Loreto Mattei – not only implement the spiritual voice of contemplation discursively and thematically, but also textually and performatively. The specific relationship between production aesthetics (meditating lyrical self) and reception aesthetics (meditating contemplative poetry appropriating self) has a supporting function. Conflicting voice-discourses do not become effective in the sense of reciprocal prevention, but in the sense of symbiotic coexistence. The lyrical considerations analysed here do not solve the interferences of vocal regimes conceptually-fundamentally, but performatively-concretely.
An agile approach to co-creation of the curriculum
Authors: Owen John , Wasiuk Catherine
Published: November 2021

The importance of developing meaningful student engagement through partnerships is an increasing area of interest and practice within the context of learning and teaching in higher education. This case study reports on an approach used in a co-created curriculum project that aligned the values and principles of student-staff partnerships with those of an agile framework. Through an analysis of the individual team reflections captured during and after the project, the study explores how the agile approach could help address imbalances of power between students and staff in higher education. The results of the study show that team members found that working in this new way increased confidence in co-creating teaching and learning with staff and fostered a positive team relationship, although some reflections indicate that assumptions of power are deeply embedded within the structures and roles of higher education. However, our findings suggest that this way of working can result in positive experiences for students and staff and could be applied to a wide range of student-staff partnership projects.
Prevalence of adrenal insufficiency among patients with euvolemic hyponatremia
Authors: Kumar Amit , Ghosh Maria , Jacob Jubbin Jagan
Published: November 2021

Background

The diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuresis requires the exclusion of secondary adrenal insufficiency (AI) among patients with euvolemic hyponatremia (EuVHNa). Studies have suggested that about 2.7–3.8% of unselected patients presenting to the emergency room with EuVHNa have undiagnosed AI and it is as high as 15% among patients admitted to specialized units for evaluation of hyponatremia.

Objective

To study the prevalence of AI among in-patients with EuVHNa in a general medical ward setting.

Methods

This was a prospective, single-center observational study conducted among general medical in-patients with EuVHNa, defined as patients with a serum sodium <135 mmol/L, clinical euvolemia and urine spot sodium >30 mmol/L. Additionally, patients with recent vomiting, current renal failure, diuretic use and those with uncontrolled hyperglycemia were excluded. Adrenal functions were assessed by a modified adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test called the Acton Prolongatum™ stimulation test (APST). A cut-off cortisol value of <18 mg/dL after 60 min of ACTH injection was used to diagnose AI.

Results

One hundred forty-one patients were included and underwent an APST. APST suggested 20/141 (14.2%) had undiagnosed AI. The commonest cause of AI (9/20) was secondary AI because of the use of steroids including inhaled steroids and indigenous medicines contaminated with steroids. In 5 (3.5%) patients hypopituitarism was newly diagnosed. Despite primary AI (PAI) not commonly presenting as EuVHNa, 2/20 patients had PAI.

Conclusions

AI is much commoner in our country, among in-patients with EuVHNa primarily driven by exogenous steroid use and undiagnosed hypopituitarism.
An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Budget Deficits (Total and Primary) and Personal Income Tax Rates on the Ex Post Real Interest Rate Yield on Long-Term U.S. Treasury Bonds
Authors: Cebula Richard J.
Published: November 2021

This empirical study adopts an open-economy loanable funds model to investigate the impact of post-Bretton Woods U.S. federal government budget deficits and personal income tax rates on the ex post real interest rate yield on thirty-year Treasury bonds. In this study, the budget deficit is measured in two different ways, the total (“unified”) budget deficit and the primary deficit (the total/unified deficit minus net interest payments). Two different estimation techniques, autoregressive two stage least squares estimation and the ARCH (Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity) Method, for the 1973-2016 study period provide evidence that the ex post real interest rate yield on thirty-year Treasury bonds has been an increasing function of both federal budget deficit measures (expressed as a percent of GDP) and the maximum marginal federal personal income tax rate. The estimations all imply that elevating either the total/unified or primary federal budget deficit appears to raise the cost of borrowing in the U.S., whereas reducing the maximum marginal personal income tax rate appears to reduce the cost of borrowing. Given the potential effects of longer-term real interest rates on investment in new plant and equipment and overall economic growth, policy-makers should not overlook these findings.
Identifying New Approaches for U.S. Drug Policy using Ownership, Location, and Internalization Factors
Authors: Saenz Mariana , Barilla Antony G.
Published: November 2021

Abstract Dunning’s Eclectic Paradigm is used to assess the effectiveness and impact of U.S. drug prohibition policy on economic growth and political stability in Latin American countries as well as the decision making of Latin American Transnational Criminal Enterprises (TCE) in the cocaine-coca market. Results showed U.S. drug prohibition policy reduces the on-site supply but does not significantly reduce the transportation of cocaine and coca. U.S. drug prohibition policy also generated political instability for the region, and revealed policy externalities that facilitated TCE expansion. Tougher U.S. drug prohibition policy advances TCE by amplifying the impact that unemployment and local wages have on increases in cocaine-coca production, and by limiting the impact of control of corruption and economic freedom on coca eradication. Our results signal that a site-specific approach accompanied with policies that improve the farmers’ economic freedom, such as land formalization rights, and policies that lower unemployment rate facilitate effective U.S. drug prohibition policy.
Import Tariffs and Informal Labour Market: A Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Analysis for Turkey
Authors: Akbulut Hale , Eğen Hüseyin Taylan
Published: November 2021

From the 1980s to onwards trade liberalization policies have been widely used in many countries. This process has significant impacts on many economic aspects one of which is on the labour market.  However, the direction of the relationship between trade reforms and the labour market is controversial. This study aims to analyse the effects of a specific trade reform of import tariff changes on the formal and informal labour market for Turkey. For that purpose, we benefit from Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model that relies on nonlinear simultaneous equations. We construct an updated Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) which is compatible with our model. Our findings indicate that while there is a positive relationship between formal labour employment in total and import tariff rates, the negative relationship occurs between informal employment and tariff rates.
Will the Widespread Use of Cashless Payments Reduce the Frequency of the Use of Cash Payments?
Authors: Fujiki Hiroshi
Published: November 2021

Will the widespread use of cashless payments reduce the frequency of the use of cash payments? This question is important because the major costs of cash use are fixed costs that would only be reduced if the frequency of cash payments substantially decreased, and thus the extent of the reduction of the cost of cash use depends on the frequency of cash use after the widespread use of cashless payment methods. Using the data from the Financial Literacy Survey 2019 in Japan, this paper shows that the frequency of cash use for those who use both cash and noncash payment methods and that of those who exclusively use cash are about once in 2.3 days and about once in 2 days, respectively, and thus there is only a slight difference. The result did not change even if a regression model for cash usage was used that considers the endogenous choice of payment methods or if counterfactual simulations of the decrease in consumers’ willingness to use cash were conducted. The results suggest that the benefit of reducing the cost of cash use due to the widespread use of cashless payment methods is overestimated because the frequency of the use of cash payments is unlikely to decrease despite the use of cashless payment methods.
The Environmental Kuznets Curve: Recycling and the Role of Habit Formation
Authors: Kasioumi Myrto
Published: November 2021

Our analysis focuses on a novel theoretical model which explains the relationship between pollution and output as well as recycling and output in the context of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework. Our model incorporates habit formation on recycling in a circular economy model and we find that the EKC is characterized by a downward sloping curve, while the recycling output curve by an increasing curve, results which are both in agreement with the general patterns of these curves supported by the literature.
Much Appreciated? The Rise of the Canadian Dollar, 2002-2008
Authors: Devereux Michael B.
Published: November 2021

Between 2002 and 2008, the Canadian dollar appreciated in real terms against the US dollar by 60 percent. This large change in real exchange rates between such major trading partners as Canada and the US is almost unprecedented. This paper explores the historical background to the movement of the Canadian dollar during this period, discusses the most accepted explanations for the appreciation, and speculates on the implications for the Canadian economy. The discussion is placed within the framework of recent developments in the theoretical and empirical literature on exchange rates.
An Agnostic Look at Bayesian Statistics and Econometrics
Authors: Davidson Russell
Published: November 2021

Bayesians and non-Bayesians, often called frequentists, seem to be perpetually at loggerheads on fundamental questions of statistical inference. This paper takes as agnostic a stand as is possible for a practising frequentist, and tries to elicit a Bayesian answer to questions of interest to frequentists. The argument is based on my presentation at a debate organised by the Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis, between me as the frequentist “advocate”, and Christian Robert on the Bayesian side.
Bayesian Methods for Completing Data in Spatial Models
Authors: Wolfgang Polasek , Llano Carlos , Sellner Richard
Published: November 2021

Chow and Lin (1971) were the first to develop a unified framework for the three problems(interpolation, extrapolation and distribution) of predicting times series by related series(the ‘indicators’). This paper develops a spatial Chow-Lin procedure for cross-sectional data and compares the classical and Bayesian estimation methods. We outline the error covariance structure in a spatial context and derive the BLUE for ML and Bayesian MCMC estimation. In an example, we apply the procedure to Spanish regional GDP data between2000 and 2004. We assume that only NUTS-2 GDP is known and predict GDP at NUTS-3level by using socio-economic and spatial information available at NUTS-3. The spatial neighbourhood is defined by either km distance, travel time, contiguity or trade relationships. After running some sensitivity analysis, we present the forecast accuracy criteria comparing the predicted values with the observed ones.
Factor-Supply Responses and the Gross-Substitute System
Authors: Biswas Tapan
Published: November 2021

Although the inputs are not normally gross-substitutes in their demand, the Jacobian matrixof all excess demand functions, corresponding to both outputs and inputs, may satisfy the gross substitute requirements if, apart from the final goods being gross-substitutes in their demand, allinputs are substitutes in supply.
A Note on the Generalised Measures of Risk Aversion
Authors: Biswas Tapan
Published: November 2021

This paper is concerned with generalised scalar measures of risk aversion. A measure R which may meaningfully be applied to both unidimensional risks (risk in income or wealth) and multidimensional risks has been constructed. In case of identical preferences, we have also constructed an alternative measure of risk aversion R* which is shown to be related to the Khilstrom-Mirman measure. This relationship explains the nature of the Khilstrom-Mirman measure.
An Empirical Model of Behavioral Heterogeneity
Authors: Kumbhakar Subal C , Tsionas Mike G
Published: November 2021

In this paper we propose a new latent class/mixture model (LCM) to determine whether firms behave like profit maximizers or just cost minimizers when there is no additional sample separation information. Since some firms might be maximizing profit while others might minimize cost, the LCM with behavioral heterogeneity can be quite useful. Estimation of the LCM amounts to mixing a cost minimization and a profit maximization model. Using the U.S. airlines data we find that after deregulation about 15% of the airlines are found to be consistent with profit maximizing behavior.
Nonlinear Effects of Global Oil Price Changes on Consumers’ Cost of Living: A Comparative Study of Net Oil Consuming and Net Oil Producing Countries
Authors: Sotoudeh M. Ali , Worthington Andrew C.
Published: November 2021

In this paper we implement a number of causality tests including linear models and nonlinear nonparametric Hiemstra-Jones and parametric Mackey–Glass to compare the causal relationship between global oil price changes and consumers’ cost of living among large net oil consuming and producing countries. Our findings indicate that despite the inconclusive relationships drawn from the extant literature, global oil price affects consumers’ cost of living mostly linearly across net oil consuming countries through the country-specific mechanisms. Such effects are reported to be nonlinear in net oil producing countries. Finally, possible nonlinear causations are asymmetric.
Testing the Empirical Validity of the Adaptive Markets Hypothesis
Authors: Fahmy Hany
Published: November 2021

The issue of market e¢ ciency attracted the attention of academicians since the existence of financial markets. Over time, two schools of thoughts were established: the efficient markets school and the behavioral finance school. Proponents of the former believed in the Efficient Markets Hypothesis whereas the latter brought evidence from behavioral finance and psychology to demonstrate that financial markets are inefficient and this inefficiency is attributed to the irrational behavior of investors in making financial choices regarding asset allocation and portfolio construction. Recently, an adaptive reconciliation was suggested, which posits that investors'adaptability is what brings back inefficient markets to efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to test empirically the validity of the Adaptive Markets Hypothesis via a smooth transition regression model with exogenous threshold variable. The results support the reconciliation and show that markets are indeed efficient sometimes and inefficient most of the time.
Bending performance of cross-laminated timber-concrete composite slabs according to the composite method
Authors: Baek Seung-Youp , Song Yo-Jin , Yu Seok-Hoon , Kim Dong-Hyeon , Hong Soon-Il
Published: November 2021

Bending strength tests were conducted of cross-laminated timber (CLT)-concrete composite slabs according to the shear connection method and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) reinforcement. The bending strength of the composite slab that was shear-connected with an epoxy adhesive was 17% higher than that of a composite slab that was shear-connected with a self-tapping screw. In addition, the CLT-concrete slip of the former composite slab was also measured as 20% lower than the latter under the same load, showing a behavior close to that of a full composite. Both shear connection methods generated a failure in a low load-deformation section when there was a defect in the outermost tensile laminae of the CLT. In contrast, the CFRP reinforcement in the tension part of the composite slab suppressed the failure at the defect in the outermost tensile laminae. This reinforcement effect increased the reliability of the bending performance of the composite slab by preventing the failure of the composite slab while in a constant failure mode. Furthermore, the slip of the composite slab decreased 49% after its reinforcement with CFRP, showing a behavior close to that of a full composite.
Generalized Analysis of Division Algebras of Dimension 2
Authors:   Private Joint Stock «National Power Company «UkrEnergo», Klipkov S.I.
Published: November 2021

The mathematical properties of division algebras of dimension 2 are investigated on the basis of the analysis of possible values of the parameters introduced into the laws of composition of basic elements. Generalized expressions for calculating the inverse and neutral elements of the indicated algebras are given. The relations of the parameters defining the normalized division algebras are determined. Possibilities of application of linear orthogonal transformations for the analysis of isomorphism of such algebras are considered. The concept of an exponential function is introduced to represent the elements of the considered non-commutative division algebra in exponential form.
Creation of Information Modeling System for Analysis of Pricing Processes in the Electricity Market
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Ostapchenko K.B. , Lisovychenko O.I. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Evdokimov V.A. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Borukaiev Z.Kh. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The issues of creating an integrated information system for process analyzing the functioning of the competitive electricity market in the new conditions of complex relationships and potential risks after the introduction of a liberalized market model in Ukraine are considered. The peculiarities of its functioning are determined, which require new computer simulation tools that provide market participants with the opportunity to formulate and accept strategies for their own behavior in different segments of the competitive market. The existing solutions and researches in the field of creation of modern software tools for the modeling, forecasting and optimization of functioning of the energy markets in the world are analyzed. The direction of development of such means is determined and the structural-functional structure of the organizational management system is offered, which is presented by the functional components of preparation and decision-making process concerning the strategy of the market participant's own behavior in its segments. The interfaces of the main modules of the information modeling system for processes analysis of the competitive market, which becomes a component of the integrated system of organizational management of the electricity market, are given.
Brain Mathematics and Language. II
Authors:   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kravtsov G.А. , Kravtsova N.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Khodakovskaya O.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Nikitchenko V.V. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prymushko A.N. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: November 2021

The authors consider as the main hypothesis about the possibility of constructing the mathematics of the brain, the statement that the supposed basis of any context of thinking is primarily formed by a system of axioms, which is the foundation of abstract thinking, realized or materialized through some language. The authors investigate the problem of the appli­cability of language as the main instrument of cultural continuity and form a research program that includes: the development of a unified ontology that describes objects, actions, qualities and relationships; studying the nature of the context and presenting it with unam­biguous concepts of a unified ontology; determining the applicability of actions to objects as partially-defined functions to mathematical categories; model of subjective choice of semantic categories according to relevance in a certain context.
Hardware and Software System for Determination of Iron in Coagulants Based on Spectrophotometric Analysis
Authors:   National University of Water and Environmental engineering, Safonyk A.P. , Hrytsiuk I.M. ,   National University of Water and Environmental engineering, Mishchanchuk M.M. ,   National University of Water and Environmental engineering, Ilkiv І.V. ,   Rivne State University for the Humanities
Published: November 2021

Methods for determining the coagulant concentration in the process of electrocoagulation are considered. An experimental laboratory setup for researching photometric analysis processes was created, the principle of which is on the determination of color and light intensity in real time. Based on spectrophotometric analysis an artificial neural network (ANN) has been developed to determine the coagulant concentration (Fe) in real time, which according to the obtained values of RGB converts to the color space of HSL, and then converts to the value of the concentration of Fe. Software for determining the concentration of iron in a coagulant using artificial intelligence has been developed, which is a web application that displays the color parameters of a coagulant, a certain concentration of iron in a coagulant, and also saves the history of all measurements to a database. While investigating ANN by various methods, an optimizer was matched for the respective process, the standard deviation (RMSE) is 6.91%.
Some estimates of approximation of functions by Hermitian splines
Authors: Davydov O.V.
Published: November 2021

We find exact values of approximation by Hermitian splines on the classes of differentiable functions in three new cases, which add to the researches of V.L. Velikin. We obtain the estimate of deviation, which uses the values of integral modulus of continuity. Besides, we generalize the duality theorem of A.A. Ligun and prove the localization theorem that allows to determine the optimality of the uniform partition in the most general case.
Automatic choice of parameters at approximation of functions by rational splines
Authors: Malysheva A.D.
Published: November 2021

We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions put on the parameters of rational splines that provide given order of approximation of smooth functions. We point out the formulas of asymptotically the best parameters of rational splines that, while providing the best order of approximation of a function by rational splines, do not contain information about the values of higher derivatives of a function.
On principal surfaces of quasi-special complexes with twofold fibration in $P_3$
Authors: Ishchenko Ye.N.
Published: November 2021

We prove that, if one of principal surfaces of quasi-special complexes with twofold fibration in three-dimensional projective space $P_3$ is a quadric, then this complex is complemented by second complex, which allows twofold fibration as well.
Properties of bounded and precompact by measure sets
Authors: Korniienko A.A. , Pichugov S.A.
Published: November 2021

In the space of convergence by measure we investigate the properties of convex bounded and convex precompact sets.
Criterion of the best non-symmetric approximant in spaces with mixed integral metric
Authors: Traktynska V.M.
Published: November 2021

We obtain the criterion of the best non-symmetric approximant for two-variable functions in spaces with mixed integral metric.
¿Qué te lleva a moverte? Fenomenología de la práctica de actividad física por un largo plazo
Authors: Tavernier Morga Maria Eugenia , Turnbull Plaza Bernardo , Guillén Félix
Published: November 2021

Objetivo. Conocer la experiencia de personas físicamente activas por un largo plazo desde tres etapas: inicio de la vida activa, motivación actual y afrontamiento a las barreras. Método. Se realiza un análisis fenomenológico a partir de entrevistas examinadas a profundidad. N = 11 de personas adultas que han sido activas a un nivel suficiente por los últimos 10 años. Resultados. Surgieron cuatro categorías que describen: la vivencia autónoma, la decisión, el gusto adquirido desde la infancia y el hábito para regular emociones. A manera de conclusión, al conocer las características de la experiencia en la actividad física en personas activas, se confirmó aspectos sobre la motivación autodeterminada, lo que sugiere la presencia de elementos útiles en la intervención dirigida a la activación a largo plazo.
ASSESSMENT OF E-COMMERCE IN BULGARIA AND EUROPEAN UNION TRENDS
Authors: Genchev E.
Published: November 2021

E-commerce is increasingly entering the economies of the countries of the European Union. According to the last publication of "E-marketer", this is one of the few sectors that manage to have over a 16 % annual growth rate in 2020 (down from 20,2% last year) (1). Its advantages are indisputable, but is it likely a country as Bulgaria to be successful in its implementation?
Purpose: The article aims to present some characteristics of e-commerce in Bulgaria during the 2012-2019 period.
Methods: To conduct a comparative analysis with the European Union in terms of some key criteria, such as (growth of e-commerce, the % of companies selling online, the share of consumers shopping online, etc.
Results: Only 11% of enterprises in Bulgaria in 2019 are increasingly relying on e-commerce sales in order to maximize their profit. In the last two years (2018 – 2019), on average, over 50% of European Union consumers have made an online purchase but for Bulgarians, this share is only 14%.
Conclusions: Despite this growth, our country remains far behind, by EU average standards but e-commerce in Bulgaria has all the necessary prerequisites to be one of the most successful sectors of the economy.
Mental health prevention in children and adolescents in the European Union and measures taken in Poland – good practices and limitations
Authors:   Klinika Psychiatrii Dzieci i Młodzieży, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Poznań, Polska, Kręglewska Karolina ,   IV Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej, Poznań, Polska
Published: November 2021

Mental health of children and adolescents is one of important issues managed as part of preventive interventions not only in Poland, but throughout the European Union. Many studies have shown continuous deterioration of mental health among children and adolescents. Alarming data have been published by the World Health Organization, which show that up to 20% of children suffer from various types of mental problems, hence the need for interventions that will put an end to this process. The most important target set by the European Union countries is to introduce large-scale multilevel preventive measures aimed at the total population, referred to as universal prevention. In addition to universal prevention, European Union countries, including Poland, implement targeted interventions for those at risk and those already diagnosed, as part of preventive mental health care. These measures are part of the WHO Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013–2030, which encompasses the following objectives: promote mental well-being, enhance recovery, and reduce the mortality, morbidity and disability for persons with mental disorders. This plan was intended to focus on improving mental health care and implementing comprehensive actions at the local level in all European Union countries, which often requires legislative changes in member states. Mental health is becoming the focal point of national and local interventions in Poland. Fast and free access to specialists close to one’s place of residence becomes crucial.
Shame – a forgotten emotion: psychopathology, neurobiology, and therapy of shame in eating disorders
Authors:   Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie, Warszawa, Polska, Wayda-Zalewska Magdalena , Ładniak-Grońska Katarzyna ,   Wydział Psychologii, Uniwersytet Nauk Humanistycznych, SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny, Warszawa, Polska, Kostecka Barbara ,   II Klinika Psychiatryczna, Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Warszawa, Polska, Walenda Anna ,   Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie, Warszawa, Polska, Kucharska Katarzyna ,   Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie, Warszawa, Polska
Published: November 2021

The paper focuses on shame in the context of eating disorders. As a common emotion occurring in various spheres of human life, shame is of particular importance in the understanding and treatment of eating disorders as it is one of the key factors in their development and sustenance. There is scientific evidence that individuals with eating disorders experience higher levels of shame and guilt compared to those with other clinical diagnoses, which distinguishes eating disorders from other psychopathologies. Therefore, we present the mechanisms underlying the emotion of shame and its relationship with eating disorders, along with selected therapeutic strategies for overcoming shame. This paper also presents the research on neural correlates of shame and their relationship with the development and sustenance of a disturbed body image, which is one of the key psychopathological aspects of eating disorders. We also discuss the role of work on the patient’s shame in successful therapeutic processes, as well as the possible use of neuroscience in understanding and treating patients experiencing this emotion. Furthermore, we attempted to explain the concept of shame and its possible classification in the context of selected psychological theories. The paper also refers to the concepts of healthy and toxic shame, which are strongly associated with developing a specific type of personality and coping strategies in social relationships, and which influence self-esteem.