bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METODE DEMONSTRASI PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS PROSEDUR
Authors: Wahyuni Veronica Endang
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan peningkatan keterampilan menulis teks prosedur pada siswa kelas XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 6 Yogyakarta dengan menggunakan metode demonstrasi berbasis problem based learning (PBL). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian adalah XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 6 Yogyakarta berjumlah 35 siswa. Penelitian ini terdiri dua siklus.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, tes menulis teks prosedur, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Keabsahan data dengan validitas (demokratis, proses, dialogis) dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode demonstrasi berbasis PBL dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis teks prosedur. Peningkatan terlihat dari segi proses maupun hasil. Peningkatan proses tercatat berdasarkan peran guru maupun siswa dalam pembelajaran. Hal ini ditandai dengan munculnya respon positif melalui sikap kerja sama dan antusias yang ditunjukkan siswa serta kondisi pembelajaran yang berlangsung kondusif. Peningkatan proses berdampak positif terhadap peningkatan hasil. Peningkatan hasil dapat terlihat dari peningkatan skor produk teks siswa pada siklus I sampai dengan siklus II. Rata-rata skor pada saat pratindakan sebesar 68,14 rata-rata pada siklus I sebesar 68,57, dan rata-rata pada siklus II sebesar 80,64. Kenaikan skor rata-rata mulai dari pratindakan hingga siklus II adalah sebesar 12,05.
ANALISIS MINAT BELAJAR KIMIA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XII SMA NEGERI 6 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Anggorowati Susi
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis minat belajar kimia peserta didik kelas XII di SMA Negeri 6 Yogyakarta. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif . Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara random sampling dari kelas yang berbeda, sebanyak 123 peserta didik. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket tertutup sebanyak 30 item dengan empat alternatif pilihan. Aspek minat yang dikaji ada lima, yaitu peran guru, persepsi, kesenangan, kemauan dan penunjang UN pilihan. Data minat siswa dianalisis dan dikategorikan secara kuantitatif berdasarkan kriteria penilaian ideal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 3% peserta didik mempunyai minat belajar kimia sangat tinggi, 63% tinggi, 32% sedang dan 2% rendah. Sedangkan peran guru menjadi aspek yang paling tinggi yaitu sebanyak 78%, disusul aspek kemauan dan kesenangan yang mempunyai persentase yang sama yaitu 75%. Selanjutnya aspek persepsi dengan perolehan 70%, dan yang terendah adalah aspek penunjang UN pilihan sebanyak 69%. Meskipun dari hasil penelitian secara umum minat belajar kimia peserta didik kelas XII SMA Negeri 6 Yogyakarta dalam kategori tinggi, namun masih perlu ditingkatkan lagi sesuai dengan aspek yang mempengaruhinya.
Niveles de competencia en el mercado doméstico de transporte aéreo en Colombia y comparativa con nueve economías
Authors: Garmendia Mora1 Juan Carlos
Published: April 2020

El objetivo fue estudiar el nivel de competencia que ha alcanzado el mercado doméstico del transporte aéreo en Colombia; se desarrolló un enfoque cuantitativo, tomando mediciones de las rutas principales del mercado colombiano; se calcularon los precio/Km y los niveles de concentración utilizando el índice Herfindahl–Hirschman (IHH); estas dos variables se correlacionaron y se contrastaron con los mercados domésticos de nueve países. El mercado doméstico colombiano tiene una alta concentración, Avianca es la aerolínea dominante con un 68,59% de las frecuencias; el IHH para el mercado colombiano es de 5.549, que al compararlo con el resto de países se ubica en una posición intermedia. Así mismo, el indicador precio/Km del mercado colombiano está cercano al promedio de los diez países comparados. En cuanto a las limitaciones, la muestra de mercados se ampliará en una segunda etapa. No hay un estudio que mida los niveles de concentración del transporte aéreo doméstico en Colombia, utilizando el IHH y tomando como datos el número de frecuencias de vuelo. En Colombia se observa un equilibrio logrado con base a vigilancia de las autoridades competentes y cierto accionar prudente por parte de las aerolíneas.
A Smartphone App (mDASHNa-CC) to Support Healthy Diet and Hypertension Control for Chinese Canadian Seniors: Protocol for Design, Usability and Feasibility Testing
Authors: Zou Ping , Stinson Jennifer , Parry Monica , Dennis Cindy-Lee , Yang Yeqin , Lu Zhongqiu
Published: April 2020

Background

This proposed study aims to translate the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension with Sodium (Na) Reduction for Chinese Canadians (DASHNa-CC), a classroom-based, antihypertensive, dietary educational intervention, to an innovative smartphone app (mDASHNa-CC). This study will enable Chinese Canadian seniors to access antihypertensive dietary interventions anytime, regardless of where they are. It is hypothesized that senior Chinese Canadians will be satisfied with their experiences using the mDASHNa-CC app and that the use of this app could lead to a decrease in their blood pressure and improvement in their health-related quality of life.

Objective

The goal of this study is to design and test the usability and feasibility of a smartphone-based dietary educational app to support a healthy diet and hypertension control for Chinese Canadian seniors.

Methods

A mixed-method two-phase design will be used. The study will be conducted in a Chinese immigrant community in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Chinese Canadian seniors, who are at least 65 years old, self-identified as Chinese, living in Canada, and with elevated blood pressure, will be recruited. In Phase I, we will design and test the usability of the app using a user-centered approach. In Phase II, we will test the feasibility of the app, including implementation (primary outcomes of accrual and attrition rates, technical issues, acceptability of the app, and adherence to the intervention) and preliminary effectiveness (secondary outcomes of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, health-related quality of life, and health service utilization), using a pilot, two-group, randomized controlled trial with a sample size of 60 participants in a Chinese Canadian community.

Results

The study is supported by the Startup Research Grant from Nipissing University, Canada. The research ethics application is under review by a university research ethics review board.

Conclusions

The study results will make several contributions to the existing literature, including illustrating the rigorous design and testing of smartphone app technology for hypertension self-management in the community, exploring an approach to incorporating traditional medicine into chronic illness management in minority communities and promoting equal access to current technology among minority immigrant senior groups.

Trial Registration

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03988894; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03988894

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/15545
The Three Steps Needed to End the COVID-19 Pandemic: Bold Public Health Leadership, Rapid Innovations, and Courageous Political Will
Authors: Guest Jodie L , del Rio Carlos , Sanchez Travis
Published: April 2020

The world is experiencing the expansive spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a global pandemic that is placing strain on health care, economic, and social systems. Commitment to implementing proven public health strategies will require bold public health leadership and courageous acts by politicians. Developing new innovative communication, mitigation, and health care approaches, particularly in the era of social media, is also clearly warranted. We believe that the best public health evidence must inform activities in three priority areas to stop this pandemic: (1) coordinated and consistent stay-at-home orders across multiple jurisdictions, including potential nationwide mandates; (2) rapid scale-up of SARS-CoV-2 testing; and (3) improved health care capacity to respond. This editorial outlines those areas, the rationale behind them, and the call for innovation and engagement of bold public health leadership to empower courageous political action to reduce the number of deaths during this pandemic.
Awareness and Preparedness of Field Epidemiology Training Program Graduates to Respond to COVID-19 in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Al Nsour Mohannad , Khader Yousef , Al Serouri Abdulwahed , Bashier Haitham , Osman Shahd
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP) is a 2-year training program in applied epidemiology. FETP graduates have contributed significantly to improvements in surveillance systems, control of infectious diseases, and outbreak investigations in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR).

OBJECTIVE

Considering the instrumental roles of FETP graduates during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis, this study aimed to assess their awareness and preparedness to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic in three EMR countries.

METHODS

An online survey was sent to FETP graduates in the EMR in March 2020. The FETP graduates were contacted by email and requested to fill out an online survey. Sufficient number of responses were received from only three countries—Jordan, Sudan, and Yemen. A few responses were received from other countries, and therefore, they were excluded from the analysis. The questionnaire comprised a series of questions pertaining to sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of the epidemiology of COVID-19, and preparedness to respond to COVID-19.

RESULTS

This study included a total of 57 FETP graduates (20 from Jordan, 13 from Sudan, and 24 from Yemen). A total of 31 (54%) graduates had attended training on COVID-19, 29 (51%) were members of a rapid response team against COVID-19, and 54 (95%) had previous experience in response to disease outbreaks or health emergencies. The vast majority were aware of the main symptoms, mode of transmission, high-risk groups, and how to use personal protective equipment. A total of 46 (81%) respondents considered themselves well prepared for the COVID-19 outbreak, and 40 (70%) reported that they currently have a role in supporting the country’s efforts in the management of COVID-19 outbreak.

CONCLUSIONS

The FETP graduates in Jordan, Sudan, and Yemen were fully aware of the epidemiology of COVID-19 and the safety measures required, and they are well positioned to investigate and respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, they should be properly and efficiently utilized by the Ministries of Health to investigate and respond to the current COVID-19 crisis where the needs are vastly growing and access to outside experts is becoming limited.
Hubungan Motivasi, Pelatihan, Lingkungan Kerja, Reward Dan Punishment, Beban Kerja, Serta Kompensasi Dengan Kinerja DPJP Dalam Melaksanakan Clinical Document Improvement
Authors: Agustinah Niken , Agushybana Farid , Suryawati Chriswardani
Published: April 2020

Latar Belakang: Rumah sakit seharusnya menyusun strategi clinical document improvement. Pedoman berbasis bukti dalam berkas rekam medis sangat penting untuk memastikan proses clinical document improvement sehingga menjadi jelas, komplit, akurat, dan tidak ambigu.Tujuan: Menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan kinerja DPJP dalam melaksanakan clinical document improvement. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian survei dengan pendekatan cross sectional.Metode: Mixed method dengan strategi eksplanatory sequential (kuantitatif dilanjutkan kualitatif menggunakan indepth interview). Populasi penelitian ini semua DPJP (18 orang) dan 100 berkas rekam medis. Pengumpulan data dengan check-list penilaian dokumen dan kuisioner yang diisi DPJP. Analisis data menggunakan uji fisher exact test.Hasil: Kinerja responden kategori baik dan kurang baik masing-masing sejumlah 9 orang (50%). Responden memilliki motivasi baik 13 orang (72,72%), berpendapat tidak ada pelatihan 16 orang (88,89%), berpendapat lingkungan kerja baik 12 orang (66,67%), berpendapat tidak ada reward dan punishment 10 orang (55,6%), merasa beban kerja tidak berlebih 10 orang (55,56%), berpendapat kompensasi baik sejumlah 10 orang (55,6%). Hasil korelasi menunjukkan tidak ada yang berhubungan (p value > 0,05). Indepth interview dengan lima responden menunjukkan secara umum motivasi kerja, lingkungan kerja, dan beban kerja masih baik, namun kompensasi dianggap kurang baik dan belum ada pelatihan yang diselenggarakan di RSUD X Jawa Tengah serta belum ada kebijakan khusus yang mengatur sistem reward dan punishment.Kesimpulan: Motivasi, pelatihan, lingkungan, reward dan punishment, beban kerja serta kompensasi yang baik tidak selamanya berkinerja baik dalam melaksanakan clinical document improvement.
Analisis Program Pola Asuh Dan Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik Di Sekolah Dasar Muhammadiyah 4 Kota Malang
Authors: Ayudah Hana , Anshory Ichsan
Published: April 2020

Abstract: Parenting practices by parents and teachers in schools play an important role in the development of a child. This study aims to describe 1) the application of parenting to students in elementary school Muhammadiyah 4 Malang, 2) The formation of students' character developed in elementary school Muhammadiyah 4 Malang. In this study, researchers used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The research data were obtained from primary sources, namely parents, student representatives, curriculum representatives, class teachers, and students. While secondary data sources are obtained from documents obtained from the homeroom teacher. The results of this study stated that 1) the application of the school program on parenting was done through the eighteen twenty programs and the parenting program which was conducted once a semester as well as attendance in the implementation of these activities not all parents were present. 2) the formation of most of the character of students through habituation that is carried out in daily activities. The involvement of educators and education personnel in efforts to inculcate character or to strengthen character is continuously pursued to realize the independent character and care for the environment of students.Keywords: School Programs, Parenting, Character, Students Abstrak: Pola asuh yang dilakukan oleh orang tua dan guru di sekolah berperan penting terhadap perkembangan seorang anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan1) penerapan pola asuh orang tua terhadap peserta didik di SD Muhammadiyah 4 Kota Malang, 2) Pembentukan karakter peserta didik yang dikembangkan di SD Muhammadiyah 4 Kota Malang. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh dari sumber-sumber primer yaitu orang tua, waka kesiswaan, waka kurikulum, guru kelas dan peserta didik. Sedangkan sumber data skunder diperoleh dari dokumen yang diperoleh dari wali kelas. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa 1) penerapan program sekolah tentang pola asuh dilakukan melalui melalui program delapan belas dua puluh dan program parenting yang dilakukan setiap satu semester sekali juga kehadiran dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan tersebut tidak semua orangtua hadir.2) pembentukan karakter peserta didik sebagaian besar melalui pembiasaan-pembiasaan yang dilaksanakan dalam aktifitas sehari-hari.Keterlibatan pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan dalam upaya penanaman budi pekerti atau penguatan karakter terus menerus diupayakan dalam rangka mewujudkan karakter mandiri dan peduli lingkungan hidup peserta didik.Kata kunci: Program Sekolah, Pola Asuh, Karakter, Peserta Didik
Analisis Tingkat Ketercapaian Angka Partisipasi Sekolah Di Papua (Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Merauke)
Authors: Maharani Kiki , Effendi Moh. Mahfud , Nurjaman Asep
Published: April 2020

Abstract: School participation is integrally an effort to achieve quality education quality. This study aims to obtain information about (1) factors that influence the level of achievement and school participation rates, constraints in increasing enrollment rates. (2) the role of regional autonomy in improving the quality of education services. The approach used is a type of qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used in the form of interviews and documents and observation. The results showed that (1) Factors influencing the low number of school participation in Merauke Regency were access to education that was difficult to reach in remote areas, limited availability of teacher numbers and uneven distribution, teacher welfare that was still lacking, educational facilities that were not yet adequate in remote areas, the level of public education, and the slow attention of the government. (2) The role of regional autonomy in improving the quality of education services has not been maximized. The principle of justice, efficiency, transparency, and public accountability in efforts to improve and improve the quality and quantity of education becomes the responsibility and concern of all parties, both the government, regional governments, and the community.Keywords: Participation Rates, Level of Achievement, Education Abstrak: Partisipasi sekolah secara integral menjadi usaha dalam mencapai mutu pendidikan yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang (1) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ketercapaian dan angka partisipasi sekolah, kendala dalam peningkatan angka partisipasi. (2) peran otonomi daerah dalam peningkatan mutu pelayanan pendidikan. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu jenis pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa wawancara dan dokumen serta observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya angka partisipasi sekolah di Kabupaten Merauke yaitu akses pendidikan yang sulit dijangkau pada daerah terpencil, ketersediaan jumlah tenaga guru yang terbatas dan distribusinya kurang merata, kesejahteraan guru yang masih kurang, fasilitas pendidikan yang belum memadai di daerah terpencil, tingkat pendidikan masyarakat, serta lambannya perhatian dari pemerintah. (2) Peran otonomi daerah dalam peningkatan mutu pelayanan pendidikan belum maksimal. Prinsip keadilan, efisiensi, transparansi, dan akuntabilitas publik dalam upaya perbaikan dan peningkatan kualitas serta kuantitas pendidikan menjadi tanggung jawab dan perhatian bersama seluruh pihak, baik pemerintah, pemerintah daerah dan masyarakat.Kata kunci: Angka Partisipasi, Tingkat Ketercapaian, Pendidikan
Las mascotas en el genograma familiar
Authors: Rodríguez Ceberio Marcelo , Díaz Videla Marcos
Published: April 2020

Los cambios socioculturales de las últimas décadas han posibilitado mayor permeabilidad a modelos familiares diversos y a la incorporación de integrantes no humanos. En occidente, el 90% de las personas tiende a considerar a sus animales como miembros de sus familias. Pese a la relevancia de esta configuración familiar humano-animal, en la práctica clínica, hasta recientemente, los animales parecen haber sido pasados por alto, por ejemplo, en la confección del genograma familiar. Si bien algunos autores han comenzado a incorporar a los animales a esta representación gráfica, la misma se ha mostrado problemática o poco estructurada. Fundamentándonos en las investigaciones previas, proporcionamos una guía para la inclusión de animales en el trazado de la estructura familiar, el registro de la información relacionada a estos, y de las relaciones familiares que los implican. Finalmente, realizamos una propuesta de incorporación de los animales en los talleres terapéuticos ligados al genograma.
Artiﬁcial intelligence in medicine: current state and main directions of development of the intellectual diagnostics
Authors: Meldo A. A. , Utkin L. V. , Troﬁmova T. N.
Published: April 2020

The main difference between artificial intelligence (AI) systems and simple automated algorithms is the ability to learn, synthesize and conclude. The AI system is trained on a set of examples, including pictures, characteristics of patients with a certain disease, then it allows to generalize a lot of such examples and get some general functional dependence, which brings in line the patient data and a certain diagnosis. The system can be named intelligent if this synthetizing ability is realized. Although the AI systems are now becoming more understood and accepted by doctors, a deeper understanding of «how it works» is needed. The article provides a detailed review of the application of methods and models of artificial intelligence in the diagnostics of cancer based on the of multimodal instrumental data. The basic concepts of artificial intelligence and directions of its development are presented. From the point of view of data processing, the stages of development of AI systems are identical. The stages of intellectual processing of diagnostic data are considered in the paper. They include the acquisition and use of training databases of oncological diseases, pre-processing of images, segmentation to highlight the studied objects of diagnosis and classification of these objects to determine whether they are malignant or benign. One of the problems limiting the acceptance of AI systems development by the medical community is the imperfection of the explainability of the results obtained by intelligent systems. Authors pay attention to importance of the development of so-called explanatory intelligence, because its absence currently significantly inhibits the introduction and use of intelligent diagnostic systems in medicine. In addition, the purpose of the article is a way to develop the interaction between a radiologists and data scientists.
Transformative Consciousness
Authors: Jemal Alexis , Bussey Sarah R. , Davis Keith
Published: April 2020

This paper outlines the development of the Transformative Consciousness (TC) of Oppression and Privilege (COAP) Scale created to address the conceptual and measurement limitations of the critical consciousness (CC) construct. Unlike prior CC measures, this scale was developed for the general population, integrates identities that are oppressed and privileged, incorporates the social-ecological framework, assesses cognitions, and attempts to reduce the impact of social desirability bias. Following DeVellis’ (2003) scale development process and Rubio and colleague’s (2003) process for content validity, this paper presents: a review of CC measurement literature and the lack of standardized conceptualization and measurement tools; an overview of TC theory; the COAP scale development process; and, a content validity study of COAP including quantitative and qualitative methods. An outgrowth of the first author’s conceptualization of Transformative Consciousness, the domain-specific and content validated COAP scale demonstrates a unique scaling method combining vignettes, sentence completions, rank ordering of response options, and scoring of ordering patterns. Limitations of the COAP scale and opportunities for future research are discussed.
Fungsionalisasi dan Implikasi Asas Kepentingan Terbaik Bagi Anak yang Berkonflik dengan Hukum: Studi Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Tanjung Karang
Authors: Anwar Mashuril , Wijaya M Ridho
Published: April 2020

The principle of best interest for children requires sanctions of deprivation of liberty as a last resort. Therefore, the principle of the best interests of children must be considered in the resolution of cases of children in conflict with the law. This article, which focuses on the decision of the Tanjung Karang High Court, discusses the functionalization of the best interests principle for children in conflict with the law and the implications of their application. This article concludes, judges in deciding cases of children in conflict with the law in general have not considered the principle of the best interests of the child. Of the 22 cases of children in conflict with the law at the Tanjung Karang High Court, only three decisions that can be categorized have considered the principle of the best interests of the child. Of the three decisions, two were sentenced not prison and one sentenced to prison. The application of the best interest principle for children in conflict with the law can have both positive and negative implications. It has positive implications, especially for offenders, because it protects children’s rights and reduces the burden of court cases and correctional institutions. But it can also have negative implications, because it is feared not to provide a deterrent effect and invite negative public perceptions of the judiciary.

Abstrak

Asas kepentingan terbaik bagi anak menghendaki sanksi perampasan kemerdekaan sebagai upaya terakhir. Oleh karenanya, asas kepentingan terbaik bagi anak harus menjadi pertimbangan dalam penyelesaian perkara anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum. Artikel ini, yang berfokus pada putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Tanjung Karang, membahas fungsionalisasi asas kepentingan terbaik bagi anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum dan implikasi penerapannya. Artikel ini menyimpulkan, hakim dalam memutus perkara anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum pada umumnya belum mempertimbangkan asas kepentingan terbaik bagi anak. Dari 22 perkara anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum pada Pengadilan Tinggi Tanjung Karang, hanya tiga putusan yang dapat dikategorikan telah mempertimbangkan asas kepentingan terbaik bagi anak. Dari tiga putusan tersebut, dua divonis bukan penjara dan satu divonis penjara. Penerapan asas kepentingan terbaik bagi anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum bisa berimplikasi positif sekaligus negatif. Ia berimplikasi positif terutama bagi pembuat delik, karena melindungi hak-hak anak dan mengurangi beban perkara pengadilan dan lembaga pemasyarakatan. Namun ia juga bisa berimplikasi negatif, karena dikhawatirkan tidak memberikan efek jera dan mengundang persepsi negatif masyarakat terhadap lembaga peradilan.
Hak Cipta dalam Pandangan Kiai Pesantren: Respons dan Pendapat tentang Hak Eksklusif dalam Penggunaan Ciptaan
Authors: Shoib Nur
Published: April 2020

This article discusses the responses and views of Kiai Pesantren regarding the exclusive rights in the use of a work. This discussion based on the reasons that Kiai Pesantren is a public figure whose opinion is often used as references in the thoughts and behavior of the people, especially those who are Muslim and santri, so that they also influence the effectiveness of norms in society. In There are four Kiai Pesantren in Semarang City that are the subjects of this study. This article concludes, first, the existence of the Copyright Act is considered important if the Act is intended to protect the interests of the creator. The existence of laws that protect the interests of the creators is said to be able to facilitate the fulfillment of the concept of huquq maliyah. However, they do not agree with the copyright model that puts forward the monopoly in exploiting a work. Second, efforts to protect the interests of the creator in the form of granting individual rights to exploit a work need to be limited, so that such exclusive rights do not actually cause the use of the creation for the dissemination of knowledge to be impeded. Therefore, in the future exclusive individual rights need to be balanced with aspects of the benefit of a work for the dissemination and development of knowledge.

Abstrak

Artikel ini membahas respons dan pandangan Kiai Pesantren tentang hak eksklusif dalam penggunaan suatu ciptaan. Pembahasan demikian didasarkan pada alasan Kiai Pesantren merupakan tokoh masyarakat yang pendapatnya sering dijadikan referensi dalam pemikiran dan perilaku masyarakat terutama yang beragama Islam dan apalagi dari kalangan santri, sehingga turut memengaruhi efektivitas keberlakuan suatu norma di masyarakat. Dalam artikel ini, ada empat Kiai Pesantren yang menjadi subyek penelitiannya. Artikel ini menunjukkan, pertama, keberadaan UU Hak Cipta dinilai penting oleh Kiai Pesantren jika peraturan tersebut dimaksudkan untuk melindungi kepentingan pencipta. Keberadaan UU yang melindungi kepentingan pencipta dikatakan mereka dapat memfasilitasi terpenuhinya konsep huquq maliyah. Namun demikian, mereka tidak sepakat dengan model hak cipta yang terlalu mengedepankan monopoli dalam mengeskploitasi suatu ciptaan. Kedua, upaya perlindungan kepentingan pencipta dalam bentuk pemberian hak individual untuk mengeksploitasi suatu ciptaan perlu dibatasi, sehingga hak eksklusif yang demikian tidak malah menyebabkan pemanfaatan ciptaan itu bagi penyebarluasan ilmu pengetahuan menjadi terhambat. Karena itu, ke depan hak eksklusif yang individual itu perlu diseimbangkan dengan aspek kemanfaatan suatu ciptaan bagi penyebarluasan dan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan.
Relevansi Putusan Uji Materi oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap Sistem Checks and Balances dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang
Authors: Heryansyah Despan , Nugraha Harry Setya
Published: April 2020

This article discusses the relevance of the judicial review decision by the Constitutional Court to the checks and balances system in law legislation in Indonesia. In the framework of checks and balances between state institutions, the existence of the authority of the Constitutional Court to examine laws against the Constitution can be seen as a limitation for the legislators. This is because the discretion of legislators, namely the President and the House of Representatives, in carrying out the legislation function can be limited by the interpretation of the Constitution carried out by the Constitutional Court. This article concludes, the checks and balances mechanism regulated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is realized with the principle of power limited by power. Therefore, the authority and decision of the judicial review by the Constitutional Court is not an intervention on the authority of lawmakers so that it isi assumed to pass the checks and belances principle. The authority and decision of the judicial review by the Constitutional Court actually confirms the manifestation of the principle of power limited by power and affirming the supremacy of the Constitution. Thus, the principle of supremacy of the Constitution in the context of the rule of law places the Constitution as the highest law.

Abstrak

Artikel ini membahas relevansi putusan uji materi oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap sistem checks and balances dalam pembentukan hukum berupa undang-undang di Indonesia. Dalam kerangka checks and balances antar lembaga negara, adanya kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi menguji undang-undang terhadap Konstitusi dapat dipandang sebagai suatu pembatasan bagi pembentuk undang-undang. Sebab, keleluasaan pembentuk undang-undang, yaitu Presiden dan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, dalam menjalankan fungsi legislasi bisa dibatasi oleh adanya tafsir Konstitusi yang dilakukan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Artikel ini menyimpulkan, mekanisme checks and balances yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 diwujudkan dengan prinsip kekuasaan dibatasi oleh kekuasaan. Karena itu, kewenangan dan putusan uji materi oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi bukanlah wujud intervensi terhadap kewenangan pembentuk undang-undang dan melampaui prinsip checks and balances. Kewenangan dan putusan uji materi oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi justru menegaskan wujud dari prinsip kekuasaan dibatasi kekuasaan dan meneguhkan supremasi Konstitusi. Demikianlah, prinsip supremasi Konstitusi dalam konteks negara hukum yang menempatkan Konstitusi sebagai hukum tertinggi.
Integrasi Pengujian Peraturan Perundang-undangan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi
Authors: Meidiana Meidiana Meidiana
Published: April 2020

This article discusses the testing of constitutional laws by the constitutional court. Testing legislation is a process for testing written rules that contain common binding legal norms, whether established by state institutions or authorized officials. This article concludes, the integration of important legislations to be objectified, is due to the fact that unintegrating system of legislations are causing confusion, causing institutional conflict between constitutional court and supreme court, and causing discredency between legislation regulations from the bottom to the top. This article will therefore require that the testing of legislation be perfomed by the constitutional court, with a record of the number of judges of the constitutional court to be added in order to bring about the development of laws to test for better legislation in the future. This integration effort demands a change in legal norms related to the authority of the Constitutional Court, both contained in the Constitution and the Judicial Power and the Constitutional Court Laws.

Abstrak

Artikel ini membahas tentang integrasi pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan adalah suatu proses untuk menguji peraturan tertulis yang memuat norma hukum yang mengikat secara umum baik yang dibentuk oleh lembaga negara atau pejabat yang berwenang. Artikel ini menyimpulkan, integrasi pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi menjadi penting untuk direalisasikan dikarenakan sistem pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan yang tidak terintegrasi menyebabkan kerancuan, menimbulkan konflik kelembagaan antara Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Mahkamah Agung, serta mengakibatkan ketidaksinkronan antara peraturan perundang-undangan dari yang paling bawah sampai dengan yang paling atas. Oleh karenanya artikel ini menghendaki agar  pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan di bawah Undang-Undang Dasar terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar dilakukan secara terintegrasi, dalam hal ini oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi, dengan catatan jumlah hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi perlu ditambahkan guna mewujudkan pembangunan hukum pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih baik di masa mendatang. Agar integrasi tersebut dimungkinkan, maka perlu dilakukan perubahan norma hukum terkait kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi, baik yang terdapat dalam Undang-Undang Dasar maupun Undang-Undang Kekuasaan Kehakiman dan Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi.
Melacak Keadilan dalam Regulasi Poligami: Kajian Filsafat Keadilan Aristoteles, Thomas Aquinas, dan John Rawls
Authors: Adlhiyati Zakki , Achmad Achmad
Published: April 2020

Justice is a principle that should be existed in every part of human life. It should be taken as a basic principle in human relation, such as in business, political, or private matter even in marriage relationship. How marriage relationship maintained in justice based, is justice still be existed when husband do polygamy, both are the issues that will be analysed in this article through philosophical studies. Marriege Law stated that husband and wife have the obligation to respect and stay faithfull to each others. Based on Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas and John Rawls theory, husband and wife positions are the same and in balance. These three philosophers stated that justice must be based on the equality (equality on position, equality on the right and obligation etc). Nevertheless, injustice founded in Marriage Law, first, the marriage law only give the chance to polygamy for husband, and second, polygamy prerequarement only focused on women physical uncompetency. There should be a revision to the marriage law to give equality rights between husband and wife.

Abstrak

Keadilan adalah sebuah nilai yang diharapkan selalu ada dalam kehidupan manusia, mulai dari politik, bisnis, sampai hubungan perkawinan. Dalam perkawinan, nilai keadilan harus menjadi salah satu dasar hubungan lahir batin ini. Bagaimana keadilan dalam poligami, apakah UU Perkawinan telah adil mengatur poligami, merupakan permasalahan yang akan dianalisis dalam artikel ini melalui kacamata filsafat. Undang-undang perkawinan menyebutkan bahwa suami dan istri mempunyai kewajiban untuk saling menghormati dan saling setia. Posisi suami dan istri jika dianalisis berdasarkan teori keadilan yang diutarakan oleh Aristoteles, Thomas Aquinas, dan John Rawls adalah sama dan seimbang. Ketiganya mendasarkan nilai keadilan sebagai sebuah bentuk persamaan hak dan kewajiban, persaman status, persaman kedudukan. Meskipun demikian ketidakadilan ditemukan dalam Undang-undang Perkawinan. Setidaknya ada dua hal terkait poligami yang menjadikan UU Perkawinan tidak adil. Pertama, UU hanya memberikan peluang poligami kepada suami, dan kedua, alasan poligami bermuatan gender karena hanya menitikberatkan ketidakmampuan atau cacat fisik istri. Agar adil maka seharusnya ada perubahan yang dilakukan terhadap Undang-undang Perkawinan, perlu ada kesetaraan antara suami dan istri.
Rasionalisasi Hukum Alam oleh Hugo Grotius: Dari Humanisasi Menuju Sekularisasi
Authors: Rahmat Aulia
Published: April 2020

Hugo Grotius is a figure who is recognized as a thinker from rational natural law. Grotius thought about law is interesting to review, because of their existence at the turn of the Middle Ages and the tendency to shift or change of thought and knowledge at that time. This article shows that the socio-historical background of Grotius was born and grew up influencing him as a humanist and secular legal figure. At first, the rationalization of law by Grotius was carried out by humanizing natural law, but at the next stage he cundocted secularization by limiting religious domination of state authority. This shift in thinking occurred during the Middle Ages, where reason was no longer intended to explain Divine reason but rather emphasized the ability of logical thinking in humans. In this way, the law-making authority is slowly shifted from God to human ratio. This article also shows that the rationalization of law by Grotius is urgent and relevant at this time, especially in the development of international humanitarian law, international treaty law, intellectual property law, alternative dispute resolution, and arbitration. For Indonesia, the legal idea from Grotius is also relevant in seeking the role of law that supports the development of the economic and tourism sector, which has recently become a priority.

Abstrak

Hugo Grotius merupakan tokoh yang dikenali sebagai pemikir dari kalangan hukum alam yang rasional. Pemikiran Grotius tentang hukum menarik untuk diulas, mengingat keberadaannya pada masa peralihan Abad Pertengahan dan kecenderungan pergeseran atau perubahan pemikiran dan pengetahuan pada masa itu. Artikel ini menunjukkan, latar belakang sosio-historis Grotius lahir dan besar turut memengaruhinya sebagai tokoh yang berhukum secara humanis sekaligus sekular. Apabila pada awalnya rasionalisasi hukum oleh Grotius dilakukan dengan melakukan humanisasi terhadap hukum alam, pada tahap berikutnya ia melakukan sekularisasi dengan mengadakan pembatasan dominasi agama terhadap otoritas kekuasaan negara. Pergeseran pemikiran ini terjadi pada masa peralihan Abad Pertengahan, di mana akal budi tidak lagi dimaksudkan untuk menjelaskan akal budi ilahiah melainkan lebih menekankan pada kemampuan berpikir logis manusia. Dengan begitu, otoritas pembuatan hukum perlahan digeser dari Tuhan kepada rasio manusia. Artikel ini juga menunjukkan, rasionalisasi hukum oleh Grotius urgen dan relevan pada saat ini terutama dalam pengembangan hukum humaniter internasional, hukum perjanjian internasional, hukum kekayaan intelektual, hukum perdamaian, alternatif penyelesaian sengketa, dan juga arbitrase. Bagi Indonesia, ide hukum dari Grotius juga relevan dalam mengupayakan peran hukum yang mendukung pengembangan sektor ekonomi dan pariwisata, yang belakangan ini menjadi prioritas.
Authors in this issue
Authors: (ASIS) American Studies in Scandinavia
Published: April 2020

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Frost's 'Stories for Lesley
Authors: Kielland-Lund Erik
Published: April 2020

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Fact and Fiction: A Case for the Complementary Study of History and Literature
Authors: Hvidt Kristian
Published: April 2020

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The Novel as a Source for the Historian
Authors: Kero Reino
Published: April 2020

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History vs. Literature: Facts vs. Fictions? Or Factual Fictions vs. Fictional Facts? Or, Help, I Want to Get off
Authors: Brøgger Fredrik Chr.
Published: April 2020

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Concluding Remarks
Authors: Hvidt Kristian
Published: April 2020

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Moses Hahl: Finnish-American Disciple af Marx, Darwin and Nietzsche
Authors: Pilli Arja
Published: April 2020

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As estrategias econômicas da Índia e seus desafios: da “taxa de crescimento Hindu” ao desenvolvimento acelerade
Authors: Haffner Jacqueline A. , Sauter Betina Thomaz
Published: April 2020

Este artigo realiza uma caracterização geral da economia indiana - perpassando as diferentes estratégias desenvolvimento do país - e dos seus principais desafios. Após adquirir status de Estado-Nação independente em 1947, a Índia procurou desenvolver-se economicamente através de planos quinquenais com forte intervenção do Estado. Mas, a despeito disso, a performance econômica do país ficou aquém das expectativas e recebeu o estigma da “taxa de crescimento hindu” por sua estagnação. A partir da década de 1980 a Índia começa a reverter essa trajetória, mas logo sucumbenuma forte crise econômica. Contudo, apesar das reformas liberalizantes da década de 1990, o país logra manter certa autonomia, estimular o dinamismo de sua economia e obter resultados econômicos positivos. No entanto, a Índia ainda necessita superar uma série de desafios como o energético e de infraestrutura, assim como as disparidades já existentes, em termos de desigualdade e emprego.Assim sendo, o artigo estrutura-se em: a exposição da estratégia de desenvolvimento “voltado para dentro” do recém-formado Estado-nação da Índia; a discussão da nova estratégia de desenvolvimento do país na era neoliberal; e, por último são abordas as altas taxas de crescimento do Estado indiano e alguns de seus desafios.
The history of BRICS' International Relations (2009-2019): discourses, innovation and senstitivities
Authors: Gehre Thiago
Published: April 2020

O artigo discute os principais movimentos históricos das relações internacionais do BRICS entre 2009 e 2019: o surgimento de narrativas sobre o sucesso e o fracasso do BRICS; a capacidade do BRICS de promover inovações na ordem global e a capacidade de resposta do BRICS a uma variedade de temas, o que reflete-se no conceito de “cooperação sob sensibilidade”. Novos nichos de diálogo produtivo (saúde, segurança, desenvolvimento) nas relações internacionais do BRICS criaram circunstâncias de interações sensíveis entreos países, causando controvérsia e rusgas diplomáticas que afetaram os laços bilaterais e multilaterais entre os países do BRICS. Metodologicamente, ele se baseia em múltiplas abordagens que combinam Análise Qualitativa de Conteúdo (QCA), Análise de Política Externa (APF), Pensamento Crítico e uma perspectivahistórica de relações internacionais, com base em forte empiria e uso de fontes primárias e secundárias - incluindo notícias, discurso das autoridades e telegramas oficiais do Itamaraty e os estudos científicos mais recentes sobre o BRICS.
PRÁTICAS CORPORAIS DE AVENTURA NAS DIMENSÕES DO CONTEÚDO: EXPERIÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA INFANTIL
Authors: Duek Viviane Preichardt , Francisco Filipe Botelho , De Paula Figueiredo Juliana
Published: April 2020

O relato descreve uma experiência com as práticas corporais de aventura nas aulas de Educação Física Infantil, pautada nas dimensões dos conteúdos. As intervenções foram desenvolvidas com crianças de cinco a seis anos, em uma instituição de Educação Infantil da rede pública municipal de Florianópolis/SC. As modalidades tematizadas nas aulas foram: parkour, técnicas verticais (rapel e escalada) e atividades com pranchas (surfe e skate). A experiência indicou que as práticas corporais de aventura representam um conteúdo inovador nas aulas de Educação Física, despertando nas crianças o desejo de conhecer e praticar outras modalidades. Concluímos que é possível inserir as práticas corporais de aventura, explorando temas relacionados às dimensões conceitual, atitudinal e procedimental dos conteúdos, desde a Educação Infantil.
POR UM HABITAR POÉTICO NA ESCOLA: POTÊNCIA INVENTIVA, ALTERIDADE E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Amaral Arildo Dos Santos , Rodrigues Maria Goretti Andrade , Callai Cristiana
Published: April 2020

Nesse artigo, compartilhamos o saber da experiência construído no ofício de Orientador Educacional. Lançamos mão da cartografia como percurso metodológico com o objetivo de problematizar a medicalização territorializada nas escolas e produzir movimentos instituintes no fazer pedagógico. Pousamos sobre a dimensão das enunciações e o regime de verdade que orquestram os aparatos legislativos no tocante à educação inclusiva no Brasil, analisados a partir do conto zapatista Historia de las miradas, as forças que duelam no imaginário social entre aqueles e aquelas que elaboram as leis, e aqueles e aquelas que estão no cotidiano das micropolíticas. Ocupamo-nos em afirmar uma escrita resistência, trazendo uma proposta inventiva de escolas moleculares onde se encontram processos de singularização.
MUSIC COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES AS AN INTEGRATIVE NETWORKING EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Gorbunova Irina B , Plotnikov Konstantin J. , Heiner Helena
Published: April 2020

O estudo se torna relevante pela busca das abordagens mais apropriadas para o desenvolvimento pedagógico dos novos recursos da tecnologia da informação, aplicáveis ao ensino interativo de música - por exemplo, ensinar a tocar um instrumento musical com o uso de um programa de computador. O objetivo do estudo é considerar a interatividade, a interação em rede e a implementação de funções educacionais como principais recursos das tecnologias de computador da música (MCT). Essas tecnologias podem ajudar a desenvolver uma metodologia eficaz para treinamento apropriado e novos sistemas de software e hardware com os quais os alunos podem aprender três dos componentes mais importantes da habilidade musical: o teclado de um instrumento específico, notação musical e teoria musical. Os autores concluem que o MCT pode e deve atuar como um ambiente educacional de rede interativa, e é necessário preparar uma lista de repertórios para o processo educacional nessas condições, bem como buscar formas organizacionais legais dessa atividade.
‘If you give me time I can love you’: A Pregnant Researcher among Male Beach Workers on Kenya’s Liminal South Coast Beaches
Authors: Chege Njeri
Published: April 2020

In this paper I discuss how while carrying out research among male beach workers in Kenya’s touristic South Coast region – in relation to their quest for livelihoods through sexual-economic relationships with visiting white women – I became a participant in the phenomenon I set out to study. The article’s contribution is twofold. First, I draw on my interactions with some of the men I met on-site, and in particular my encounter with ‘Weston’ – a migrant beach worker, his unexpected behaviour towards me as a pregnant emigrant Kenyan researcher, and the ambiguity and awkwardness of our exchange, to tease out and offer insights into the behaviour, practices, and gender ideologies held by male beach workers within the South Coast beaches that I qualify as liminal. Second, I bring out the emotional discomforts I faced in my interactions with some of the men with regard to flirtation; requests to assume a matchmaker role between them and western women in Europe, as well as the help offered by men whose interests I suspected were motivated by beach worker rivalry, or their wish to establish sexual-economic relationships with me. In doing so, I highlight the usefulness of engaging in reflexive analyses of one’s fieldwork experiences, interactions, and emotions for the generation of knowledge related to one’s research and research environment.