bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronic Effects of Lovastatin and Bezafibrate on Cortical and Medullary Hemodynamics in Deoxycorticosterone Acetate-Salt Hypertensive Mice
Authors: GROSS VOLKMAR , SCHNEIDER WOLFGANG , SCHUNCK WOLF-HAGEN , MERVAALA EERO , LUFT FRIEDRICH C.
Published: May 2021

Cholesterol synthesis inhibitors and fibrates both exercise effects that could influence BP and renal function in hypertension. To test this issue, transit-time ultrasound flow probes, implanted optical fibers, and laser-Doppler flowmetry were used for measurements of total and regional renal blood flows in lovastatin (40 mg/kg body wt) and bezafibrate (50 mg/kg body wt) chronically treated deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive mice. Total renal blood flow was well autoregulated between 70 and 150 mmHg (approximately 3.5 ml/min per g kidney weight in DOCA-salt mice). Both lovastatin and bezafibrate increased renal blood flow to a range between 4.7 and 5.5 ml/min per g kidney weight. In the renal perfusion pressure ranges investigated, renal vascular resistance increased in lovastin- and bezafibrate-treated DOCA-salt mice, but not as steeply as in vehicle-treated DOCA-salt mice. During a stepwise increase in renal perfusion pressure in lovastatin-treated DOCA-salt mice, medullary blood flow increased up to 130% of baseline values, which was not seen in vehicle- or bezafibrate-treated mice. After extra-cellular volume expansion with 1% saline, 1 ml over 1 min, total renal blood flow was also higher in lovastatin- or bezafibrate-treated DOCA-salt mice, whereas medullary blood flow increased more steeply in lovastatin-, compared with bezafibrate- or vehicle-treated mice. Systemic BP was significantly decreased in lovastatin-treated DOCA-salt mice compared with vehicle-treated mice. Lovastatin prevented histologic evidence for hemostasis in the medullary circulation of DOCA-salt mice. The results suggest that both lovastatin and bezafibrate diminished DOCA-salt-induced reductions in total renal blood flow. Lovastatin also abolished the perturbed medullary blood flow reactions to increased perfusion pressure or to volume expansion. Finally, lovastatin decreased systemic BP in DOCA-salt mice. These data suggest that cholesterol synthesis inhibition or fibrate treatment improve disturbed renal function in a mouse model of salt-dependent hypertension.
Noninvasive Evaluation of a Novel Swine Model of Renal Artery Stenosis
Authors: LERMAN LILACH O. , SCHWARTZ ROBERT S. , GRANDE JOSEPH P. , SHEEDY PATRICK F. , ROMERO J. CARLOS
Published: May 2021

Intrarenal hemodynamics and excretory function distal to renal artery stenosis are difficult to quantify noninvasively. In this study, a swine model of chronic unilateral renal artery stenosis, achieved by implantation of an intravascular device that leads to a gradual and progressive luminal area narrowing, was developed and evaluated. Bilateral cortical and medullary volumes, blood flows, and segmental tubular dynamics were assessed in the intact kidneys of seven pigs using electron-beam computerized tomography before and 1 mo after implantation of the device. Within 1 mo, a 66% angiographic stenosis was significantly correlated with a 25% increase in BP. The volume and blood flow were markedly lower in the stenotic compared with the contralateral kidney and cortex, while the medulla exhibited minimal changes. In the stenotic kidney, intratubular contrast content has decreased in all nephron segments, especially in the distal tubule, where it correlated with an increase in serum creatinine and stenosis severity. In the contralateral kidney, dilution of proximal tubular fluid correlated with the increase in BP, likely due to pressure-natriuresis. In conclusion, the swine model closely resembles human renovascular hypertension. In the stenotic kidney, the hemodynamic impairment of the cortex is dissociated from the relatively preserved renal medulla, and the earliest effect on excretory function is observed in the distal nephron, where the fall in the amount of fluid reaching that segment is directly proportional to the renal arterial compromise. Electron-beam computerized tomography shows promise to noninvasively quantify, follow-up, and study changes in concurrent, in vivo intrarenal hemodynamics and segmental tubular function in renovascular hypertension.
Effects of Advanced Glycation End Products on Cytosolic Ca2+ Signaling of Cultured Human Mesangial Cells
Authors: MENÈ PAOLO , PASCALE CARMEN , TETI ANNA , BERNARDINI SILVIA , CINOTTI GIULIO A. , PUGLIESE FRANCESCO
Published: May 2021

Advanced glycation end product (AGE) accumulation in a high glucose (HG) environment is thought to mediate some of the vascular complications of diabetes. Transmembrane signaling of contractile cells is generally inhibited by HG, with implications for systemic and target organ hemodynamics. In the kidney, glomerular mesangial cells grown in HG media are hyporesponsive to the effects of vasoconstrictor agents, possibly explaining the hyperfiltration and increased capillary pressure that eventually lead to diabetic glomerulopathy. To verify whether AGE binding to specific mesangial receptors could mediate these effects of HG, cultured human mesangial cells (HMC) were exposed to in vitro glycated bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 60 min at 37°C before measurement of cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) by microfluorometric techniques in monolayers or single cells. AGE-BSA (2 mg/ml) reduced Ca2+ release from intracellular stores by 1 μM angiotensin II from peak [Ca2+]i levels of 843 ± 117 to 390 ± 50 nM in monolayers and from 689 ± 68 to 291 ± 36 nM in individual cells (P < 0.05). Nonglycated BSA and BSA exposed to 250 mM glucose-6-phosphate for 30 d in the presence of 250 mM aminoguanidine (AMGD), an inhibitor of nonenzymatic glycation, had no effect on the angiotensin II-induced [Ca2+]i spike (peak 766 ± 104 and 647 ± 87 nM, monolayers/single cells, respectively, P = NS). AGE also inhibited store-operated Ca2+ influx through plasma membrane channels, assessed by addition of 1 to 10 mM extracellular Ca2+ to cells previously held in Ca2+-free media (control 339 ± 46/593 ± 51, +AGE-BSA 236 ± 25/390 ± 56, +AMGD 483 ± 55/374 ± 64 nM [Ca2+]i, monolayers/single cells at 10 mM Ca2+, respectively; +AGE-BSA, P < 0.05 versus control). Contrary to HG, AGE-BSA did not translocate protein kinase C isoforms α, ξ, and δ to the plasma membrane. Culture of HMC in HG supplemented with 1 mM AMGD prevented downregulation of [Ca2+]i signaling. These data suggest that glycated macromolecules or matrix components may inhibit transmembrane Ca2+ signaling of glomerular cells through binding to a specific AGE receptor, thus mediating some of the known functional effects of HG on the kidney.
Oxygen and Renal Hemodynamics in the Conscious Rat
Authors: FLEMMING BERT , SEELIGER ERDMANN , WRONSKI THOMAS , STEER KATHARINA , ARENZ NICOLE , PERSSON PONTUS B.
Published: May 2021

Previous studies have suggested a link between renal metabolism and local kidney hemodynamics to prevent potential hypoxic injury of particularly vulnerable nephron segments, such as the outer medullary region. The present study used three different inspiratory oxygen concentrations to modify renal metabolic state in the conscious rat (hypoxia 10% O2, normoxia 20% O2, and hyperoxia 100% O2). Renal blood flow (RBF) was assessed by ultrasound transit time; renal perfusion pressure (RPP) was controlled by a hydroelectric servo-control device. Local RBF was estimated by laser-Doppler flux for the cortical and outer medullary region (2 and 4 mm below renal surface, respectively). Hypoxia led to a generalized significant increase in RBF, whereas hyperoxia-induced changes did not (hypoxia 6.6 ± 0.6 ml/min versus normoxia 5.7 ± 0.7 ml/min, P < 0.05). Moreover, regional and total RBF autoregulation was markedly attenuated by hypoxia. Conversely, hyperoxia enhanced RBF autoregulation. Under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions, medullary RBF was very well maintained, even at low RPP (medullary RBF: approximately 70% of control at 50 mmHg). The hypoxic challenge, however, significantly diminished the capacity to maintain medullary blood flow at low RPP (medullary RBF: approximately 30% of control at 50 mmHg, P < 0.05). These data suggest that renal metabolism and renal hemodynamics are closely intertwined. In response to acute hypoperfusion, the kidney succeeds in maintaining remarkably high medullary blood flow. This is not accomplished, however, when a concomitant hypoxic challenge is superimposed on RPP reduction.
Rapid and Safe Correction of Vitamin B12 Deficiency using Novel Methylcobalamin Nasal Spray
Authors: T Seth , V Suri , D Balat , S Murthy , A Agarwal , P Pandurangan , P Chakrabarti , A Maseeh , KR Patel
Published: May 2021

Background & Aims: Methylcobalamin nasal spray (NasoB12® ) has been developed to overcome the drawbacks of currently available therapeutic options like the poorly absorbed oral route and the painful intramuscular route. The present study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NasoB12® in patients with Vitamin B12 deficiency, with serum vitamin B12 (svB12) <200 pg/mL (148 pmol/L).
Rural Society, Agriculture and Settlement Territory in the Roman, Medieval and Modern Period Pilis Landscape
Authors: Simon Bence
Published: May 2021

This study presents how the scientific results of economic geography can be useful in explaining and deepening our understanding of the settlement pattern, village territory or land-use regarding the Roman, Medieval and Modern period Pilis landscape. Through ordinary comparison and GIS-based investigations the relationship of the studied periods is at the paper’s focus. In the last part, the study introduces a method with which the origins of the present-day administrative boundaries can be explored in a new way.
Die Silexproduktion im Kontext der Südosttransdanubischen Gruppe der spätneolithischen Lengyel-Kultur
Authors: Szilágyi Kata
Published: May 2021

Dieser Artikel fasst eine Dissertation zusammen, die 2019 verteidigt wurde. Grundlage dieser Doktorarbeit bilden die fast 6200 Fundstücke von lithischem Material aus der Fundstelle Alsónyék-Bátaszék, Ungarn. Diese werden mit einer ähnlichen Menge an Silexmaterialien aus den Inventaren der anderen veröffentlichten spätneolithischen Fundstätten aus Südosttransdanubien verglichen. Als erstes Thema wird eine Charakterisierung der lokalen Verwendung von lithischen Rohstoffen in den verschiedenen lithischen Inventaren vorgestellt. Diese wurde im Zuge einer Prospektion untersucht, deren Ziel es war, die primären Rohstoffquellen zu lokalisieren und die prähistorischen Methoden der Rohstoffbeschaffung zu rekonstruieren. Das zweite Thema ist eine Analyse der Techniken zur Herstellung von Steinwerkzeugen und der Gebrauchsmuster von Artefakten. Auf dieser Grundlage wird ein Blick auf die gesamte chaîne opératoire der Steingeräteproduktion geworfen, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf dem Ablauf des Produktionsprozesses liegt, der von der Suche nach den Rohstoffquellen in ihrer spezifischen Umgebung über die Auswahl der Vorbereitungs- und Herstellungsverfahren innerhalb der Siedlung bis zur Deponierung in den Gräbern reicht. Dies gibt uns ein besseres Verständnis für die Bedeutung der natürlichen Umwelt, die Kenntnis des Rohstoffs und der Beschaffungsmethoden auf der Grundlage der Rohstoffauswahlstrategie der jeweiligen Gemeinschaften, in diesem Fall der südosttransdanubischen spätneolithischen Lengyel-Kultur. In der Siedlung lassen sich das technologische System der Gemeinschaft, mögliche Aktivitätszonen und Muster der Werkzeugnutzung durch das Studium der lithischen Artefakte rekonstruieren. Bei den in Bestattungen deponierten Steinwerkzeugen vollzieht sich eine Transformation von einem durchschnittlichen Gebrauchs-/Alltagssteinwerkzeug zu einem eindeutigen Symbol im Bestattungskontext, das wiederum auf die Umweltumgebung („die physische Welt“) zurückgeführt werden kann.
Results of the analysis of the Early Iron Age human remains unearthed at Alsónyék, Hungary
Authors: Szeniczey Tamás , Hajdu Tamás
Published: May 2021

The material of our examination comprise the anthropological remains of the Early Iron Age individuals unearthed at the site Alsónyék-Elkerülő 2.
Die Beziehungen zwischen dem Karpatenbecken und dem Mediterraneum von der II. Hälfte des 6. bis zum 8. Jahrhundert n. Chr. anhand Schmuckstücken und Kleidungszubehör
Authors: Blay Adrienn Katalin
Published: May 2021

Abstract of PhD thesis submitted in 2020 to the Archaeology Doctoral Programme, Doctoral School of History, Eötvös Loránd University under the supervision of Tivadar Vida, Budapest and to the Institute of the Prehistory and Medieval Archaeology at the Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg (Breisgau) under the supervision of Sebastian Brather.
SYBR green RT-PCR assay for the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern v1
Authors: Cardoso Pedro , do Couto Motta Fernando , Agudo Mendonça Teixeira de Siqueira Marilda , Brindeiro Rodrigo , Barcellos Arruda Monica , Andrade Elisabete , Ribeiro Marisa , Fontana-Maurell Marcela , Costa Elaine , Rocha Daniele , Alvarez Patricia , Tupy de Godoy Daniela
Published: May 2021

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with multiple shared mutations has been described to be more transmissible and could affect COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Some of these variants, known as B.1.1.7 (originally described in the United Kingdom), B1.351 (originally described in South Africa), and P.1 (originally described in Brazil) have rapidly become dominant within their countries and require a vigorous public health response. Whole Genomic sequencing remains the gold standard method to identify the SARS-CoV-2 variant, even though this approach is laborious, time-consuming, and expensive. Here, we have developed a fast and simple SYBR green based real-time RT-PCR assay that identifies a distinct signature affecting the Non-Structural Protein 6 (NSP6), a nine-nucleotides deletion leading to amino acid losses: Δ106S, Δ107G, and Δ108F. This NSP6 signature is present in the variants of concern (VOC) described above (B.1.1.7; B1.351; P.1) and has not been detected in other SARS-CoV-2 lineages.
CODEX panel antibody validation protocol v1
Authors: Goltsev Yury , Samusik Nikolay , Kennedy-Darling Julia , Bhate Salil , Hale Matthew , Vazquez Gustavo , Black Sarah , Nolan Garry
Published: May 2021

Chemical modifications, including conjugation of antibodies to DNA tags, can lead to antibody inactivation. For that reason it is important to validate an antibody conjugate before adding to a CODEX panel.The antibody validation protocol is a series of experiments performed according to other protocols that are used to achieve a final judgement on the performance of a given antibody-oligo conjugate. An antibody conjugate should be detectable at high resolution, without need for intensity thresholding, with exposure times less than or equal to 0.5s to be determined valid for inclusion in a CODEX panel.
Static Glucose-stimulated Insulin Secretion (GSIS) Protocol: Mouse Islets v1
Authors: F Spigelman Aliya , E Manning Fox Jocelyn , E Macdonald Patrick
Published: May 2021

Static glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) protocol for mouse islets.
The Promises and Pitfalls of Inspirational Media: What do We Know, and Where do We Go from Here?
Authors: Frischlich Lena , Hahn Lindsay , Rieger Diana
Published: May 2021

This editorial introduces the thematic issue on inspirational media; including its role in the elicitation of meaning and self-transcendence, audience responses to inspirational narratives, and the potential for inspirational media to be used for manipulative purposes. We first set the stage for the thematic issue by describing an organizing framework by Thrash and Elliot (2003) to study inspiration. We then situate the seven articles published in this thematic issue along the logic of different components of this framework, namely media content capable of invoking transcendence through emotions and excitatory responses, and a motivational impulse to act upon the ideas acquired from content. This thematic issue thereby highlights unique perspectives for understanding media’s ability to serve as the source of inspiration—be it for social benefit or detriment. Finally, we consider directions for future research on inspirational media.
A politização do consumo como recurso de qualificação actancial em um grupo de empreendedores sustentáveis da Grande Vitória (ES)
Authors: Ramos Liliane Moreira , Blanc Manuela Vieira
Published: May 2021

Entendendo o consumo como um instrumento de construção de sentido, este trabalho busca analisar expressões de consumo que reclamam para si o status de manifestação política a partir do processo de crítica e justificação presente nessas relações. A partir de uma incursão de inspiração etnográfica, debruça-se sobre os discursos de atores conectados a um núcleo de empreendedorismo sustentável localizado em Vitória, no Espírito Santo. Emergem dessa análise estratégias críticas, voltadas ao reposicionamento dos atores no interior de seus campos de atuação, que indicam um questionamento de natureza corretiva do modelo de desenvolvimento capitalista.
IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE DIGITALIZATION OF SMALL BUSINESSES
Authors: Kulaga A. S.
Published: May 2021

The impact of the pandemic on the spread of technology has created an urgent need to adapt small businesses to new conditions. In this article, the author identified the features of the development and implementation of technologies in the activities of small businesses in the new reality. The purpose of the study was to identify key trends in the digital economy in the field of small businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyze the experience gained to identify areas for further development. To achieve the stated goal of the study the author used method of analysis to analyze the performance of small businesses for 2020 and method of comparison to collate new indicators with indicators before the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis revealed the role of small business in the global economy and outlined general points regarding global digitalization processes during the pre-quarantine period. The main focus was on the current state of small business. As a result of the study, the main changes that took place in the activities of small businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic were identified and conclusions were drawn about possible development directions using digital technologies in the new reality.
Perception Regarding Pediatric Dentist’s Appearance and Factors Influencing the Child’s Responses
Authors: de Amorim Camila Silva , Coqueiro Raildo da Silva , de Menezes Bruna Silva , Aguiar Sales Lima Stefanni Olga , Maia Lucianne Cople , Pithon Matheus Melo
Published: May 2021

Objective: To develop, validate, and apply an instrument for assessing the children’s perception regarding pediatric dentist’s appearance, based upon the influence of age, gender, previous dental experience, and anxiety. Study design: Images and a nine-item questionnaire were developed. The acceptability, convergent-construct validity, and reliability based on reproducibility and internal consistency were evaluated. The validated instrument was applied in a cross-sectional study, with children (n=120) aged 7–12 years asked to evaluate images of pediatric dentists wearing different dental attire (A:all-white (control); B:printed coat and cap, colorful face mask; C:printed coat, cap and face mask; and D:white coat and cap, printed face mask). Children’s age, gender, and previous dental experiences were collected with the guardians. The Children’s Fear Survey Schedule–Dental Subscale assessed children’s anxiety. Descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out (p<0.05). Results: The instrument showed excellent acceptability, construct validity with moderate and strong correlations (>0.40), satisfactory reproducibility (ICC >0.70), and internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient >0.70). Considering only the attire, the children’s perceptions were more positive with the use of attire C and D (p<0.05). Intergroup analysis of all the variables did not identify a statistically significant difference (p>0.05). In the intragroup analysis, compared to attire A: younger children have higher perception scores to attire D; girls, children with previous experience and without anxiety favored attire C and D; and children without previous experience showed no difference in comparison to A but did between B and C (p<0.05). Conclusion: The C and D attires promoted a more positive perception of the appearance of a pediatric dentist when compared to A; however, age, gender, previous dental experience, and anxiety did not influence the perception scores.
Aprendizaje-Servicio y responsabilidad social del estudiantado universitario: un estudio con métodos univariantes y correlacionales
Authors: Mayor Paredes Domingo , Guillen-Gamez Francisco David
Published: May 2021

Las prácticas pedagógicas de Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) favorecen un rol protagónico del alumnado en el diseño e implementación de acciones vinculadas a la mejorara de la realidad social. Un escenario de posibilidad para la adquisición de competencias y para el desarrollo de la responsabilidad social. El propósito de este estudio es conocer la influencia del ApS en el incremento de la responsabilidad social del alumnado universitario, comparando sus puntuaciones entre estudiantado de diferentes grados (Infantil, Primaria y Social) y Máster, así como identificar si existen diferencias significativas entre sexos. Para ello, se plantea un diseño no experimental ex post facto a través de encuestas ad hoc. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 506 estudiantes matriculados en diferentes Facultades de Educación del territorio español, que contestaron al cuestionario de Responsabilidad Social del Estudiante Universitario (Ramos, et al., 2016). Los resultados evidenciaron niveles muy satisfactorios en las percepciones del estudiantado, para ambos sexos. También determinaron que los participantes del Máster, procedentes de otras titulaciones, obtuvieron niveles inferiores en sus puntuaciones. Estos hallazgos corroboran que la implicación del alumnado en proyectos de ApS incrementa su responsabilidad social.
KRAS and NRAS genes mutations as biomarkers in the therapy of colorectal cancer and the basic methods of their detection
Authors: Brovkina Olga I. , Nikitin Alexey G.
Published: May 2021

Determination of the mutations' status in the KRAS and NRAS genes is a necessary requirement in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Patients with certain mutations in the KRAS and NRAS genes are resistant to anti-EGFR drug therapy and have a lower median survival rate than those with WT (wild type) genotypes, that indicates a negative prognosis in the case when mutations are present. Currently, there are no registered targeted drugs for carriers of the KRAS and NRAS genes mutations, however, preparations based on small molecules are under way. The gold standard for detecting mutations in the KRAS and NRAS genes is the analysis of the biopsy material in paraffin blocks. However, this method has significant limitations that can be circumvented by the analysis of circulating tumor DNA a promising new method in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
Control of pelvic organs changes in men after combined treatment with magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Baysangurov A. F. , Arutyunova N. N. , Baysangurova M. M.
Published: May 2021

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Network modeling for the employment structure of the computed tomography rooms staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: some examples of medical organizations of the Moscow Healthcare Department
Authors: Omelchenko A. V. , Shakhabov I. V. , Polishchuk N. S.
Published: May 2021

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Possibilities of complex ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of secondary varicose veins of the pelvis against the background of arteriovenous conflicts in men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Authors: Berlizeva O. Y. , Amosov A. V. , Aboyan I. A. , Usenko E. E. , Pakus S. M.
Published: May 2021

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The frequency of chromosomal aberrations in individuals chronically in contact with excess dosages of fluorides
Authors: Volobaev Valentin P. , Lytkina Ekaterina S. , Schetnikova Ekaterina A. , Vdovina Evgenia D. , Mikheeva Ekaterina E. , Gurevich Elena B. , Mishchenko Elena P. , Larionov Alexey V.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Chronic excess human exposure to fluorides is an underestimated problem. There is information that fluorides are capable of exerting a genotoxic effect in vitro and in vivo. The data obtained on human populations are limited and contradictory. More research is needed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material for the study was peripheral venous blood taken from residents of the city of Novokuznetsk. The material was selected in four groups: workers of the Novokuznetsk Aluminum Plant (NkAZ) with fluorosis, NkAZ workers without pathology, residents of the area adjacent to NkAZ, residents of the city living away from the industrial zone. The frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in blood leukocytes was estimated using the method of accounting for metaphase chromosomal aberrations, as well as the concentration of fluoride ion in blood plasma by direct potentiometry.
RESULTS: A significant increase in the frequency of aberrant metaphases in blood leukocytes was observed among workers at an aluminum smelter compared to control, workers with fluorosis compared to workers without pathology, and residents of the area adjacent to the plant compared to residents of the city living far from the industrial zone. A correlation of the frequency of chromosomal aberrations with the concentration of fluoride ion in blood plasma was noted.
CONCLUSION: The results obtained confirm the ability of the industrial factor of the aluminum smelter to exert a genotoxic load on the human population. The presence of an association of fluoride factor with chromosomal abnormalities in blood leukocytes is likely.
The expansin gene NtEXPA5 increases stress tolerance of tobacco hairy roots through an effect on the antioxidant system
Authors: Kuluev Bulat R. , Musin Khalit G. , Yakupova Alfira B.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Expansins are non-enzymatic proteins involved in the softening of cell walls, the mechanism of action of which is associated with the weakening and breaking of hydrogen bonds between xyloglucans and cellulose microfibrils and is aimed at ensuring cell expansion.
THE AIM of our work was to obtain hairy roots of tobacco with constitutive expression of the NtEXPA5 expansin gene, their morphometric analysis and assessment of the state of their antioxidant system in response to stress factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The hairy roots were obtained from transgenic tobacco plants expressing the NtEXPA5 gene under the control of the 35S promoter.
RESULTS: Constitutive expression of the NtEXPA5 gene promoted an increase in the length and dry weight of hairy roots both under normal conditions and under the action of salinity, copper sulfate, cadmium acetate, and mannitol. Both under normal conditions and under the action of stress factors in transgenic hairy roots, an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase and the total antioxidate activity was recorded.
CONCLUSION: Expansins exert their positive effect on the productivity and stress tolerance of plants not only through their influence on cell expansion, but also through the effect on the antioxidant system.
Genetic diversity of scots pine trees of different selection categories in plus stands of Karelia
Authors: Ilinov Aleksey A. , Raevsky Boris V.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Genetic control is necessary at all stages of forest selection for the effective use of objects of unified genetic-selection complex (UGSC). This is particularly important for performing a breeding inventory. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic variability of trees of different selection categories in several plus stands of Scots pine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 116 trees of Scots pine of various selection categories have been selected from four plus stands within the middle taiga subzone of Karelia. The analysis of the pine samples had been performed using four nuclear SSR loci tests. DNA fragments were separated on a sequencer CEQ 8000. The main criteria of the genetic diversity and F-statistics were calculated. The genetic structure of the selection groups was evaluated using the coefficient of genetic originality (CGO). RESULTS: All the selection groups evaluated with CGO were characterized by a low content of alleles, which are rare for this part of the Scots pine areal. The plus trees were characterized by a reduced level of genetic diversity (Ho = 0.480.59; He = 0.470.59) as compared to minus (Ho = 0.460.64; He = 0.490.65) and normal trees (Ho = 0.500.69; He = 0.490.65). However, the observed differences between the breeding groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The absence of significant differences between the selection groups indicates the need of a separate assessment of the genetic and economic value of plus trees according to their phenotype. The obtained data is necessary for the organization of objects of UGSC, testing of clonal and seed offspring of plus trees, certification of clones, etc.
Prognostic capacity of the HIrisPlex genetic phenotyping system in the Belarusian population
Authors: Seredenko Marina V. , Vakula Svetlana I. , Shapturenko Marina N. , Kondratsiuk Alexander V. , Borovko Sergey R. , Lugovnjov Artur V. , Gudievskaya Irena G. , Skrypnik Olga V. , Marchenko Lyudmila N. , Kilchevsky Alexander V.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Externally visible traits such as iris and hair color are of interest in different areas of research from archeology and population genetics to forensic science. Recently a number of models have been developed to predict variants of human phenotypic traits. The most popular of them is the HIrisPlex system consisting of 24 SNPs, associated with human eyes and hair color.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the HIrisPlex system for phenotyping of the Belarusian population. Allelic variants of the SNPs were genotyped by massive parallel sequencing. The analysis of the obtained data was performed using the free-available online resource https://HIrisPlex.erasmusmc.nl.
RESULTS: The comparison of the results of genotyping with actual data showed high accuracy of the system for predicting blue and brown eye color (94.5% and 91.8% of correct predictions, respectively), and in identifying brown-haired (84.7%) and red-haired individuals (80%). The HIrisPlex system successfully predicts iris and hair color in two most numerous phenotypic groups brown-haired with blue eyes (BA = 78.5%) and brown-haired with brown eyes (BA = 85.5%).
CONCLUSION: The HIrisPlex system has a high prognostic ability for forensic DNA phenotyping in the Belarusian population. But for traits that are difficult identified, additional researchers are required.
Evalution of Cercopidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadomorpha) Species Distributed in Sinop and Kastamonu (Turkey) in Taxonomic Terms
Authors: TANYERİ Rukiye , ZEYBEKOĞLU Ünal
Published: May 2021

In this study, specimens belonging to Cercopidae collected from Sinop and Kastamonu in 2016-2018 were evaluated. Three species belonging to to genus Cercopis and Triecphorella were identified. General morphological characteristics, drawings of male and female of genital structures, measurements of some body parts, distributional data (Turkey and in the world) and collection localities of the species were given. Brief ecological notes on examples are mentioned. The data about the elytral color/pattern variation of identified species were also examined.
Management of cases of COVID-19 infection with acute respiratory failure: a narrative review
Authors: Alshaer Omar Rezk , Binobaid Abdullah Obaid , Saleh Ruzan Mohammed , Eldabbari Abdelrahman Abdrabou , Aldawsari Nasser Ibrahim , Alasmari Mubarak Mohammed , Alshamry Abdulkarim Thumail , Almutairi Aisha Nour , Alluqmani Musab Salem , Alzahrani Rayan Saeed , Alqahtani Mohammed Mana
Published: May 2021

Corona viruses are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded large RNA viruses that affect humans and many animals. About 5% of COVID-19 patients need ICU admission due to ARDS, with a case fatality rate varying from 30% to 60%. Some patients need help other than supplementary oxygen, such as non-invasive ventilation or intubation. Before deciding the appropriate respiratory support for acute respiratory failure patients, concerns regarding the dangers of various treatments should be considered. During the treatment of COVID-19 patients, all respiratory therapies face a risk of aerosol-generating procedures. When treating COVID-19 patients, the priority and consideration should be personal safety devices and environmental control/engineering.
Analysis of Growth and Elasticity of Regional Native Income to Brutto Regional Domestic Product
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Hasbullah Yusuf , Manan Abdul , Alwi Muhammad , Daeng Akung
Published: May 2021

Research Objectives to find out the growth of Regional Native Income (In Indonesia Called PAD) and the form and magnitude of Elasticity of Regional Native Income about the growth rate of Product Domestic Regional Brutto (PDRB) East Lombok Regency and since 2016-2019. This type of research includes descriptive research. This research was conducted in East Lombok Regency of West Nusa Tenggara Province. The data collected in the study include data on the Regional Budget (In Indonesia called APBD) for the last 4 (four) years which include: Regional Revenue, Regional Original Budget, Legal Hain Budget from 2016 to 2019. The results showed that the rate of development of Regional Native Income to Brutto Regional Domestic Product based on Prevailing Prices (In Indonesia called ADHB) East Lombok District in 2016-2019 with an average growth rate for 4 (four) years starting from 2016-2019 reached 10.29 percent. The rate of development of Regional Native Income to Brutto Regional Domestic Product based on Constant Prices in 2010 in East Lombok District in 2016-2019 with an average growth rate for 4 (four) years starting from 2016-2019 reached 11.36 percent. The contribution of the balanced fund to the regional income of East Lombok Regency is so influential that the impact on the rate of economic growth reflected in the growth of Brutto Domestic Regional Product based on Prevailing Prices (In Indonesia such as PDRB ADHB) and Brutto Domestic Regional Product based on Constant Price (In Indonesia called PDRB ADHK) East Lombok Regency for 4 (four) Years (2016-2019) is relatively significant. Pad elasticity to Product Domestic Regional Brutto both based on Prevailing Prices and based on Constant Prices in 2010 on average for the last 4 (four) years shows a trend that is positive or Elastic. This means that if PAD increases by one unit (%), then PDRB will increase by more than one unit (%).
Economic Empowerment of the Poor Society in Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Ulfah Sitti , Toppe Patta , Taqwa Edhi , Anam Haerul
Published: May 2021

The research objectives were to identify the processes, benefits, and efforts of implementing economic empowerment programs and formulating an economic empowerment model for the poor society in Sigi Regency. The data were obtained through a survey, structured interview, list of pair-wise comparison questions. A survey was conducted by providing a closed questionnaire based on a Likert scale with five answer choices, given to 113 samples: community administrators and members of micro-small scale business groups selected using a snowball sampling technique. Structured interview technique was with interview guidelines applied to regional apparatus organization, Regional People's Representative Assembly, Head of Sub-District (Camat), and Village Heads. A list of pair-wise comparison questions was to program facilitators. The analytical method used was a qualitative descriptive analysis method for implementing community empowerment and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method for the Economic Empowerment Model for the poor in Sigi Regency.  Implementation of community empowerment in Sigi Regency included the benefits of assistance received, procedures for requesting assistance, procedures for aid realization, the accuracy of aid targeting, quality and capacity of program assistants, benefits of local economic development, implementation of assistance, implementation of monitoring and evaluation. Those implementations had been running well based on the respondent's assessment. The process of raising awareness and shaping people's behavior, transforming knowledge, and increasing the capacity of the community, also received good responses. Likewise, group opportunities, group potential and protection, community, participation, and entrepreneurship received good responses. The Empowerment Model for the poor in disaster-prone areas was Economic Empowerment with the dominant role of assistants as empowerment actors, prioritizing protection and community support in their business activities.
The Effect of Utilitarian Value and Hedonic Value on Customer Loyalty with Customer Satisfaction As an Intervening Variable: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Zainurrafiqi Zainurrafiqi , Amar Siti Salama , Rohmaniyah Rohmaniyah , Aristin Rini , Muchtar R.P.Much , Rusnani Rusnani , Arifin Miftahol , Hadi Abdul , Bangsa Kusik Kusuma , Hidayati Nurul
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to build an understanding of the influence of utilitarian values and hedonic values on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty at hypermarket in Pamekasan Regency, Jawatimur Province, Indonesia. Type of research is Explanatory Research. Data collection using a questionnaire. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The number of samples was 250 consumers and data analysis used the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with AMOS software. The results of this study indicate utilitarian value and hedonic value have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty and Demographic variables have a significant differences on each variable partially.
POSSIBILITIES OF USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AT THE STAGES OF ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DEFECTS OF HARD TISSUES OF TEETH
Authors: Astashina Nataliya , Petrachev Artem , Kazakov Sergey , Nemenatov Il'ya
Published: May 2021

Subject. The article reflects the results of research aimed at determining the rational design features and working out the manufacturing technology of micro-prostheses for the replacement of wedge-shaped dental defects.

The goal is to develop a new method of treatment of patients with wedge-shaped dental defects, based on the creation and implementation of micro-prostheses made using modern CAD/CAM technologies.

Methodology. A patent search and analysis of the literature data was carried out, which showed the need to develop a new replacement structure that meets the requirements of aesthetics, ensuring its durability and effectiveness of treatment. The resulting cavity was scanned, and the proposed structure was made from a block of feldspar ceramics (Cerec Blocs, Sirona, Germany) by grinding using the Cerec digital complex (Sirona, Germany).

Results. Based on the obtained data, a method for replacing wedge-shaped dental defects in the clinic of orthopedic dentistry was proposed, using the author's design of the inlay; rational features of the structure were developed and justified, and the method of its manufacture was developed, using CAD/CAM technologies.

Conclusions. To date, the use of digital technologies at the stages of orthopedic treatment of patients with defects of the hard tissues of the teeth, and in particular, when replacing wedge-shaped defects, is of particular relevance. It seems promising to introduce methods of scanning, three-dimensional modeling, and manufacturing of replacement structures by grinding, to replace this type of dental defects. The proposed method is modern and highly technological, and also allows you to get an accurate and aesthetic design of a complex shape, in one visit to the clinic by the patient.
INFLUENCE OF THYROID HYPOFUNCTION ON THE PROGNOSIS OF DENTAL ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT
Authors: Koshelev konstantin , Belousov Nikolay , Sokolova Irina , Sokolov Denis
Published: May 2021

Background. The problem of preventing complications of complex dental treatment is one of the main problems in modern dentistry, the solution of which is impossible without a systematic approach, including, among other things, the relationship of these complications with the general somatic status of a particular patient. The aim of the study. Identification of the features and terms of use of dentures in patients with reduced thyroid function. Methodology. The data of 304 patients who applied to a dental clinic for re-prosthetics of the dentition were studied. The distribution of patients into groups was carried out in accordance with the type of denture and the presence or absence of thyroid diseases established by the endocrinologist, leading to hypothyroidism. Standard clinical (survey, examination, etc.) and paraclinical (radiological, functional) methods of examination were used for such diagnoses. Edema of the oral mucosa was determined by palpation, and their frequency and severity were recorded. Results. Statistically significant differences in the reasons for replacement of dentures between patients of different groups were revealed. The difference in the terms of use of dentures in patients of different groups was determined. Clinical differences in the state of the tissues of the prosthetic bed and the supporting teeth of the bridge prostheses in patients, depending on the presence of hypofunction of the thyroid gland, were revealed. Conclusions. The presence of hypothyroidism in the anamnesis of patients worsens the long-term prognosis of dental orthopedic treatment. The dispensary observation of patients with hypothyroidism should differ from the observation of healthy individuals, in the direction of reducing the inter-examination intervals in order to identify early complications of dental treatment.
TRADITIONAL METHODS OF CHRONIC RECURRENT AFTHOUS STOMATITIS THERAPY
Authors: Nikitina Elena , Borisova Eleonora
Published: May 2021

Subject. Nowadays chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (CRAS) is still one of the few unsolved problems of modern dentistry, covering about 20% of the population, according to the World Health Organization.

This literature review provides information regarding the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment methods. Modern dentists dealing with the problem of CRAS, at the diagnostic stage, reveal various somatic pathologies, indicating their initial etiological cause of the disease onset. There are a lot of such reasons, but the majority of authors suppose that it is impossible to do without a complex etiopathogenetic treatment, consultations of related specialists in order to achieve a stable remission of CRAS. Many authors agree that physiotherapy should be included in the course of treatment along with medications. Despite a wide range of treatment methods, there is no really effective one, patients still suffer from relapses. The true etiological cause has also not been identified.

Aim — the analysis of modern ideas concerning the etiology and treatment of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Materials and methods. The study was performed on the basis of the search and analysis of the original literature sources in the following databases: Russia State Library, eLibrary, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Google Scholar. The main selection of materials was carried out by keywords.

Results. The review of the literature sources describes the current understanding of the etiology and treatment of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis, the basic principles of physiotherapy of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Conclusion. Analyzing the literature data, it can be concluded that the true cause of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis is not known. Each case must be analyzed separately, a complete examination of the patient must be carried out, identifying concomitant somatic pathology. Among the methods of treatment, the most promising is an integrated approach - drug therapy with the addition of physiotherapy. The most modern is laser therapy.
ORAL VIRAL LOAD OF SARS-COV-2 AND EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH NOVEL CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19)
Authors: Modina Tamara , Zinecker Daria , Kharitonova Maya , Mahdi Mohaimen , Mamaeva Elena , Usmanova Irina
Published: May 2021

Object. SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus that causes the acute respiratory infection novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Cells expressing ACE 2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) receptors, which are present in many organs and tissues of humans, including the epithelium of the nose and mouth, are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. At the same time, hyperinflammation is characteristic of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), with a massive production of cytokines — the so-called cytokine storm [1]. Periodontal tissues are also highly sensitive to such hyperinflammatory reactions, which makes it possible to initiate an exacerbation of chronic periodontal pathology.

Objective: To determine the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 oral reproduction and exacerbation of chronic periodontal disease in patients with novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19).

Material and methods. Study of 18 patients of the COVID-hospital (Kazan), who are undergoing hospital treatment with a diagnosis of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19)/community-acquired pneumonia, was carried out. To test SARS-CoV-2, material was sampled with special sterile swabs and pins from the nasopharynx, periodontal pocket and tongue surface (respectively). The method of polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription (RT-PCR) was used.

Results. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in biomaterials from the nasopharynx, periodontal pocket and tongue surface 94.4% of patients with confirmed with new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) during acute inflammation (community-acquired pneumonia). At the same time, clinical examination showed that exacerbation of chronic generalized periodontitis was diagnosed in 100% of patients.

Conclusion. It is most likely that the exacerbation of chronic generalized periodontitis in patients with novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is not associated with the reproduction of SARS-CoV-2 in the oral cavity, but is a consequence of hyperactivation of immune and inflammatory defense mechanisms.