bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Climate Change on Mansonia Mosquitoes Distribution on Filariasis Transmission Potential (Zoonosis) in Pajaten Hamlet, Keleyan, Socah Bangkalan, Madura
Authors: Anggraini Dwi Aprilia , Fahmi Norma Farizah , Mawli Rizka Efi , Musthofa Kamal
Published: March 2024

This study examines how climate change affects the distribution of Mansonia genus mosquitoes and their potential role in filariasis transmission in Pajaten Hamlet, Keleyan, Socah Bangkalan, Madura, Indonesia. Filariasis is an endemic disease in the area that is spread through mosquito bites and possibly zoonotic transmission. This study examines the biting behavior of Mansonia mosquitoes in bionomics and its relationship with environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity. The results showed an increase in the population of Mansonia mosquitoes in Pajaten Hamlet, especially during the rainy season. Morphological identification revealed the characteristics of Mansonia mosquitoes, with a focus on nocturnal biting behavior. Dissection of adult mosquitoes provided insights into the reproductive process of Mansonia mosquitoes. The influence of climate and environmental conditions on mosquito abundance was also discussed, emphasizing the correlation between mosquito prevalence and factors such as swamp water availability and vegetation. The study also highlights the importance of sanitation in the spread of filariasis and proposes control measures tailored to local conditions. This study conclude that the impact of climate change on the Mansonia mosquitoes spread and emphasizes the need for proactive measures in filariasis control. Control strategies, including habitat clearance, use of bed nets, and deworming of potential reservoirs, are suggested to break the chain of disease transmission. This study makes a valuable contribution to developing effective strategies to control filariasis in the context of climate change.
Handling of endometritis in dairy cow after infection with foot and mouth disease and abortion
Authors: Amalia Nadila Faradillah  , Galuh Chandra Agustina
Published: March 2024

This study aims to report the handling of endometritis in a dairy cow at Koperasi Agro Niaga Jabung, Malang, Indonesia. A Holstein Friesian cross heifer was diagnosed at 258 days pregnant and clinically suffering from Foot and Mouth Disease. On the 266th day of pregnancy, the fetus died, an abortion was diagnosed, and the delivery was assisted by the veterinarian. Furthermore, the cow was treated with 15 mL oxytetracycline intramuscularly. The next day, the veterinarian treated the retained placenta. On the third day after the abortion, the farmer reported that the cow had vaginal discharge which was cloudy white, reddish and smelled bad. The veterinarian treated the cow with an injection of 15 mL of Oxytetracycline. On the sixth day after the abortion, the farmer reported that vaginal discharge still coming out again. Clinical symptoms were, thick, purulent, cloudy, pink discharge from the vagina that hanged in the vulva area and smelled bad. Physical examination showed a body temperature of 40°C, and rectal palpation revealed the uterine wall to be thick, hard, stiff, and getting warmer. Furthermore, the cow was given intrauterine flushing with 1% povidone-iodine (diluted in distilled water), followed by intrauterine administration of 15 mL Oxytetracycline, analgesics, antipyretics, and antispasmodics. Fifteen mL of vitamin B12, ATP, and minerals (Magnesium, Potassium, Sodium selenite) was injected intramuscularly.
Total protein, albumin, and globulin levels of blood serum in repeat breeder Holstein Friesian cows
Authors: Asrar Siti Iqmallisa Nurrill , Rimayanti Rimayanti  , Ismudiono Ismudiono  , Maslichah Mafruchati  , Gandul Atik Yuliani  , Ginta Riady
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to determine the relationship between total protein, albumin, and globulin in the blood with the incidence of repeat breeders in dairy cows. Ten normal cyclic cows and ten repeat breeders cows were taken randomly based on the reproductive records of the Tani Wilis Village Cooperative, Sendang District, Tulungagung Regency. Questionnaire data in the form of farmers' knowledge about dairy cows' reproductive systems and feed treatment is displayed descriptively.  Dairy cows blood samples were taken from the jugular vein 6 mL to measure total protein, albumin, and globulin levels. Data analyzed using the Statistical Product and Service Solution software at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the total protein, albumin, and globulin levels in normal dairy cows and dairy cows with repeat breeders were not significantly different (p>0.05). However, in normal cyclic cows, most of the total protein, albumin, and globulin levels (80-100% of normal cyclic cows samples) are within the normal range. Meanwhile, the majority of repeat breeder cows (60-70% of the repeat breeder cows) had total protein, albumin, and globulin levels lower than the normal range (p<0.05). It could be concluded that there was a relationship between the incidence of repeat breeder and total protein, albumin, and globulin levels in the blood serum of dairy cows with repeat breeder. Therefore, it is suggested to raise awareness of smallholder farmers about proper feeding and feeding management to reduce repeat breeder cases.
Evaluation of Suppression Head Impulse Paradigm (SHIMP) and the Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) in Patients with Meniere’s disease with Proven Vestibular and Auditory Loss
Authors: KIRBAÇ Arzu , ALLUŞOĞLU Serpil , İNCESU Armağan , ÖZEN Hülya , KAYA Ercan , PINARBAŞLI Mehmet Özgür
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to examine the results of the video head impulse test (vHIT), and suppression head impulse paradigm (SHIMP) in adult diagnosed with definite Meniere’s disease (MD). This study was conducted with 20 patients aged 18-45 years with canal paresis and sensorineural type hearing loss in symptomatic ears, who were diagnosed with unilateral definite MD. The subjects were assessed with conventional audiometry (0.125–8 kHz), the bithermal binaural air caloric test, vHIT, and SHIMP. The mean SHIMP vestibulo-ocular reflex (S-VOR) gain of the MD side was 0.69, and that of the healthy side was 0.77. The S-VOR gain values were statistically lower than the mean vHIT VOR gain (V-VOR) values on both sides (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the MD and healthy sides in terms of the anti-compensatory saccades (ACSs) latency and amplitude and S-VOR gain (p>0.05). In the MD group, the vHIT results were abnormal in 35% (7/20 ears) of the ears, and the SHIMP results were abnormal in 50% (10/20 ears). On the healthy side, the vHIT results were abnormal in 10% (2/20 ears) of the ears, and the SHIMP results were abnormal in 35% (7/20 ears). In this study, the V-VOR and S-VOR gains, vHIT saccades, SHIMP saccade latency, and SHIMP saccade amplitude were not found to be beneficial parameters in differentiating affected and healthy ears in the patients with MD. In other words, contrary to expectations, vHIT and SHIMP tests were not sufficient to detect pathological involvement in Meniere's disease.
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Libya and its relation to other health disorders
Authors: Younis Mustafa Younis Gaballah
Published: March 2024

Vitamin D (VD) has a potential role in calcium homeostasis in the human body. It is also considered a strong immunomodulator, affecting both arms of the immune system (Innate and adaptive immunity). VD can also lower the risk of diabetes, improve pregnancy outcomes, reduce the risk of acute respiratory infection (e.g., COVID-19), and decrease the risk of cancer. No doubt that VD deficiency (VDD) is a health condition that spreads out all over the globe. VDD is linked to many health problems ranging from fatigue and skeleton pain to serious conditions such as rickets, osteomalacia, diabetes, autoimmune disease, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This review aims to provide a whole picture of the status of 25- hydroxycholecalciferol [25-(OH)D] as well as the frequency of 25-(OH)D deficiency (VDD) among Libyans in various regions of the country and to discuss the correlation between VDD and other health problems. The prevalence of VDD reached up to 80% among healthy individuals in the Middle East region. Libya is a big Mediterranean country and is sunny most of the year. In the western part of Libya, particularly in Tripoli (the capital city), the prevalence of severe VDD [25-(OH)D < 10 ng/mL] was as high as 50.8%, whereas only 27.5% had moderate VDD [25-(OH)D; 10-20 ng/mL]. In Benghazi (second largest city), the VDD prevalence was also high (76%). The highest prevalence of VDD was reported at 79% in the biggest southern city of Sebha. In the whole country, the VDD prevalence was high (among males and females), ranging from 45.4% to 87%, with a mean of 55.58%. The mean prevalence of VDD among males was 54.3% and for females was 53.29%. As clear from these data, VDD prevalence was high in the entire country. However, the available data were obtained from small cross-sectional studies and it becomes a necessity to conduct nationally representative studies and establish national nutrition surveys to accurately assess the prevalence of VDD. Moreover, the data included in this review invites the health authorities in Libya to take preventive measures to reduce the high prevalence of VDD, which will decrease VDD-associated health problems in the future.
Fintech-Based Financial Inclusion in Bangladesh
Authors: Datta Rony Kumar
Published: March 2024

Financial inclusion, especially the adoption of fintech, has emerged as a crucial avenue for removing the financial access divides in developing countries, including Bangladesh. Following the comprehensive analysis, this article intends to outline Bangladesh's recent experiences with fintech-based financial inclusion, identify the short-comings and hence make policy suggestions. Being a descriptive research, cross-sectional and observational research approaches are applied for the explanatory analysis of secondary data. Results suggest an urban-rural gap in the implementation of digital financial services, with urban areas consistently having higher rates of fully online branches and a greater number of financial machines. Despite this, the sharp rise in the issuance of active cards is a positive sign suggesting an expansion of consumer base and an adoption of electronic modes of payment. Moreover, inter-bank electronic fund transfers and online banking have experienced increasing uptake, revealing a progressing trend towards digital transactions within the banking industry. Additionally, the study identifies a speedy growth in the number of mobile financial services accounts in both urban and rural areas. This study adds to the exchange of ideas regarding financial inclusion by carrying out a detailed study of Bangladesh's digital financial transformation, exemplifying the accomplishments, obstacles, and future research directions. It highlights the need for targeted policies and ongoing research efforts to build inclusive financial systems to serve the entire society’s interest. Nevertheless, the observations will have both theoretical and practical significance, contributing towards building capability in harnessing technology for sustainability, community uplifting, and shaping a brighter future.
STRESSES IN COMPOSITE PLATES WITH RIVETED BARS USED FOR AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION
Authors: MAKSYMOVYCH Marta , DUTKIEVICZ Maczej , MAKSYMOVYCH Olesia
Published: March 2024

Reinforcement of plates with rod systems is widely used in engineering, especially in aircraft construction. For example, An-178 aircraft. Removable panels on the lower surface of the wing half, located between the rear spar and the flaps. The method of calculating stresses and deformations in composite plates reinforced with rods is developed in the work. It is assumed that the rod is elastic, attached with rivets. Rivets were considered as rigid inclusions to which unknown forces were applied. These forces were determined from the condition of compatibility of plate and rod deformations. The singular integral equations' method was used to determine stresses and strains in the plate. Integral equations were solved numerically and reduced to a system of algebraic equations. To obtain the forces and moments acting on the rivets, the equations of equilibrium of the rivets and the conditions that ensure the same displacements between the rivets in the plate and in the rods are added to these equations. Examples of calculating stresses near circular and elliptical rivets, magnitudes of forces acting on rivets depending on the rigidity of the rods are given. The reduction of the stress concentration near the elliptical hole, which is placed between two rods, was studied.
PROBLEMS OF WEAR OF THE CHAINS USED IN MINE SCRAPER CONVEYORS, CAUSED BY FRICTION AND CORROSION
Authors: WIECZOREK Andrzej Norbert , WÓJCICKI Mateusz , KALITA Marek , KANDZIA Richard
Published: March 2024

Scraper chains are the main transport cables of scraper conveyors. Problems related to the processes of destruction of link chains used in these conveyors are described. Design of scraper chains and their division into different types for use in scraper conveyors are presented. The most common damages to chains used in scraper conveyors are presented and the reasons of their wear are discussed.
A review on the present and future of solar power in Africa
Authors: Rachid Ahmed , NAJMI Nouhaila
Published: March 2024

This paper provides a study on the development of solar energy, its prospects, and its impacts in Africa. Although the main focus is on technologies adopted for different uses (solar farms, mini-grids, off-grid, solar houses, irrigation, lighting, etc.), we also consider some aspects that increase the adoption of solar energy, such as legislation and business models. Finally, we will examine current and future solar projects managed by NGOs and international companies and how they benefit to leveraging social and economic standards, quality of life as well as capacity building in Africa. This study shows the plethoric interest of institutions outside Africa in the market of solar energy in the continent and that there is no African strategy to increase its independency toward a sustainable development particularly through energy transition.
Development of New Drugs to Treat Tuberculosis Based on the Dinitrobenzamide Scaffold
Authors: Delgado Tiago , Pais João , Pires David , Estrada Filipe , Guedes Rita , Anes Elsa , Constantino Luís
Published: March 2024

Despite the efforts made to stop the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic, it still remains one of the leading causes of death from an infectious disease. Previous work in the group uncovered a new family of amides which showed promising activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A closer look at the literature showed that these compounds are structurally related to the DNB family of DprE1 inhibitors, so, we decided to study a wide range of substituted amides and determine their activity, focusing on unexplored structures related to the dinitrobenzamides (DNB) found in the literature. To synthesize our library of compounds we started from 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid to form the nitroaromatic core that is characteristic of the DNB’s, to which we then added linear or cyclic amine moieties. Additionally, the impact of terminal aromatic moieties was also assessed for some derivatives, via an ether, ester, or amide bond. In order to obtain the desired derivatives, multiple synthetic approaches were used, mainly focused on nucleophilic addition/elimination reactions, SN2 reactions and Mitsunobu reactions. The activity was impacted mainly by two structural features, the addition of an aromatic moiety as a terminal group and the type of the linker. The most interesting compounds exhibited activities comparable to isoniazid and DNB1. Computational studies were also performed aimed at understanding their possible interactions with DprE1. The most active compounds are a good starting point for further development, and we plan to study an extended family of compounds based in those structures.
AlphaFold Structure Analysis of COQ2 as Key Component of the Coenzyme Q Synthesis Complex
Authors: Vargas-Pérez María de los Ángeles , Devos Damien Paul , López-Lluch Guillermo
Published: March 2024

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a lipidic compound widely distributed in nature with crucial functions in metabolism, protection against oxidative damage and ferroptosis, and other processes. CoQ biosynthesis is a conserved and complex pathway involving several proteins. COQ2 is a member of the UbiA family of transmembrane prenyltransferases that catalyzes the condensation of the head and tail precursors of CoQ, a key step in the process because its product is the first intermediate that will be modified in the head by the next component of the synthesis process. Mutations in this protein have been linked to primary CoQ deficiency in humans, a rare disease predominantly affecting organs with a high energy demand. The reaction catalyzed by COQ2 and its mechanism are still unknown. Here we aimed at clarifying COQ2 reaction by exploring possible substrate binding sites using a strategy based on homology, comprising the identification of ligand-bound homologs with solved structures available in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and their subsequent structural superposition to the AlphaFold predicted model for COQ2. The results highlight some residues located on the central cavity or the matrix loops that may be involved in substrate interaction, some of them mutated in primary CoQ deficiency patients. Furthermore, we analyze the structural modifications introduced by the pathogenic mutations found in humans. These findings shed new light on the understanding of COQ2 function and, thus, CoQ biosynthesis and pathogenicity of primary CoQ deficiency.
Placental Lesions in Birth Asphyxia and Hypoxic-Ischemic Syndrome
Authors: Calomfirescu-Avramescu Andreea , Luminița Ceaușelu , Demetrian Mihaela , Dima Vlad , Balanescu Anca , Balanescu Paul , Mirea Andrada , Toma Adrian Ioan , Serboiu Crenguta Sorina , Patrascu Oana Maria , Isam Al Jashi , Gherghina Ioan
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Birth Asphyxia is a severe condition that includes many potential pathways of occurrence both in utero and during childbirth. We aimed to identify and describe specific macroscopic and microscopic placental injuries in birth asphyxia to serve as a quick tool to stratify a newborn’s potential further evolution, as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy can be responsible for neonatal death or severe neurologic sequelae further compromising the affected persons’ quality of life.
Materials and methods: We conducted an observational prospective study over 3 years. 62 patients diagnosed with birth asphyxia which had placental histopathological examination performed were enrolled. The control group consisted of 69 term newborns that required neonatal intensive care for at least three days, in the same period, for any other reason and that also had available placental exams. In our study, placental histopathological lesions identified in birth asphyxia have been classified according to Amsterdam Criteria.
Results: We analysed data gathered from both groups by applying specific statistical tests for each type of variable and hypothesis. Thus, umbilical cord abnormalities were associated with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in a statistically significant manner when comparing the birth asphyxia group of newborns with the control group. Also, we identified a high statistical level of significance for maternal and fetal vascular malperfusion and the occurrence of hypoxic-ischemic syndrome when comparing the two groups (p = .00).
Conclusion: The macroscopic and microscopic placental examination can provide important information on the evolution of the disease in selected newborns according to the identified lesions.
Analysis and Interpretation of Automated Blood Count in the Treatment of Chronic Paracoccidioidomycosis
Authors: Brito Eliana da Costa Alvarenga de , França Adriana de Oliveira , Siqueira Igor Valadares , Félix Vinícius Lopes Teodoro , Rezende Amanda Alves , Amorim Bárbara Casella , Da Silva Suzane Eberhart Ribeiro , Mendes Rinaldo Poncio , Weber Simone Schneider , Paniago Anamaria Mello Miranda
Published: March 2024

The blood count is crucial for assessing bone marrow's cell production and differentiation during infections, gauging disease severity, and monitoring therapeutic responses. The profile of blood count in chronic form of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) has been insufficiently explored. To better understand the changes in hematological cells in different stages of the PCM chronic form, we evaluated the blood count, including immature blood cells in automated equipment, before and during the treatment follow-up of 62 chronic PCM patients. Predominantly male (96.8%) with an average age of 54.3 (SD 6.9) years, participants exhibited pre-treatment conditions such as anemia (45.2%), monocytosis (38.7%), and leukocytosis (17.7%) which became less frequent after clinical cure. Anemia was more prevalent in severe cases. Notably, hemoglobin and reticulocyte hemoglobin content increased, while leukocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, immature granulocytes, and platelets decreased. Chronic PCM induced manageable hematological abnormalities, mainly in the red blood series. Monocytosis, indicating monocytes' role in PCM's immune response, was frequent. Post-treatment, especially after achieving clinical cure, significant improvements were observed in various hematological indices, including immature granulocytes and reticulocyte hemoglobin content, underscoring the impact of infection on these parameters.
Comparing Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography (CESM) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Sensibility and Specificity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Izzo Paolo , Izzo Sara , Izzo Luciano , Di Cello Pierfrancesco , Meloni Paolo , Messineo Daniela , Lauro Augusto , Polistena Andrea , Molle Marcello , De Intinis Claudia
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) is a novel technique employed in breast cancer screening and detection. In this systematic review, we aim to compare the diagnostic performance of CESM with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the context of breast cancer diagnosis.
Material and Method: We have searched for paper in Pubmed and Scopus from July 2023 to February 2024, finding 256 suitable papers according to our selection criteria (perspective or retrospective studies, women diagnosed with breast cancer, comparison of Contrast-enhanced Spectral Mammography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, sensitivity and specificity metrics provided). Every paper was then checked for quality using the QUADAS 2 assesement score. Sensibility, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and accuracy were recorded.
Results: 15 studies were selected for analysis. CESM demonstrated comparable sensitivity to MRI, with values ranging from 36.4% to 100% for CESM and 0% to 100% for MRI. Specificity varied between the modalities, with CESM showing specificity ranges of 17% to 100% compared to 23% to 92.31% for MRI.
Discussion and Conclusion: CESM has comparable diagnostic validity to MRI, and is a valuable tool in detecting breast cancer.
Balloon Valvuloplasty In Congenital Critical Aortic Valve Stenosis – A Rescue Procedure For The Left Ventricle
Authors: Pfeifer Jochen , Rentzsch Axel , Poryo Martin , Abdul-Khaliq Hashim
Published: March 2024

Critical aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is a life-threatening cardiac disease of the newborn requiring urgent treatment. First-line therapy is still controversial. The aim of our study was (1) to analyze retrospectively the patients of our institution who underwent balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) due to CAVS, and (2) to describe techniques for improved feasibility of the intervention using microcatheters and retrieval loops. Twelve patients underwent 23 BAVs: 1 BAV was performed in 3 patients, 2 BAVs in 7 patients, and 3 BAVs in 2 patients. Trans-valvular pressure gradient (Δp) and left ventricular shortening fraction (LVSF) improved significantly in the first two interventions; first BAV: Δp from 73.7 ±34.5 mmHg to 39.8 ±11.9 mmHg (p=0.003) and LVSF from 22.3 ± 13.5 % to 31.6 ±10.2 % (p=0.001); second BAV: Δp from 73.2 ±33.3 mmHg to 35.0 ± 20.2 mmHg (p<0.001) and LVSF from 26.7 ±9.6 % to 33.3 ±7.4 % (p=0.004). Cardiac surgery during the neonatal period was avoided for all children; median time to valve surgery was 5.75 years. Few complications occurred: mild to moderate aortic regurgitation, one remediable air embolism, and one intimal injury of the ascending aorta. We conclude that BAV is a successful primary treatment for CAVS resulting in left ventricular relief, stabilization of the neonate, and a time gain until cardiac surgery.
Experimental Study of White Light Interferometry in Mach-Zehnder Interferometers Based on Standard Single Mode Fiber
Authors: Cano-Perez J. L. , Gutierrez-Gutiérrez J. , Perezcampos-Mayoral C. , Perez-Campos E. , Pina-Canseco M. S. , Tepech-Carrillo L. , Vargas-Treviño M. , Guerra-Hernandez E. I. , Martinez-Helmes A. , Estudillo-Ayala J. M. , Sierra-Hernandez J. M. , Rojas-Laguna R.
Published: March 2024

The technique of optical interferometry has many applications in various fields of knowledge, including astronomy, optical metrology, biology, and chemistry. The visible interference pattern of a conventional single mode fiber (SMF-28) tapered and core-offset structured in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer has been demonstrated. The white source is generated by an LED, with a wavelength range of 400 nm to 650 nm emission. We analyze the performance of the interference emission with a waist length of 1.8 mm to 6 mm and with a waist diameter of 10 µm to 60 µm for the tapered structure. The achieved visibility is V=0.14 with an FSR of 23 nm. The core-offset structure interferometer is analyzed with different displacements in x and y axis and with a separation length L of 2.5 cm, 4.0 cm and 5.0 cm between two core joints. The output interference emission has a visibility of V= 0.3, V=0.27 and V=0.34 with an FSR of 23 nm, 17 nm and 8 nm, respectively. The sensitivity obtained from the temperature sensor is of 3.53 a.u./°C, with R2 of 0.99769. The proposed MZIs are low cost and can be used for implementation of sensing system in the field as the industry and medical applications.
Controlled Crystallization of Hybrid Perovskite Films from Solution Using Prepared Crystal Centers
Authors: Moshnikov Vyacheslav A. , Muratova Ekaterina , Aleshin Andrey , Maksimov Alexandr , Nenashev Gregory , Vrublevsky Igor , Lushpa Nikita , Tuchkovsky Alexandr , Zhilenkov Anton , Kichigina Olga
Published: March 2024

: The crystallization conditions from the solution play an important role in determining the mor-phology, phase composition, and photovoltaic properties of perovskite films. Post-processing of the obtained films can have a crucial role in increasing the grain size of perovskite and enhancing its crystallinity. It has been shown that the formation of crystal nuclei can be utilized to accelerate crystallization. In this case, crystallization occurs through the growth of seed crystals created in the solution, enabling the formation of relatively large crystals.
For the deposition of CH3NH3PbI3 hybrid halide perovskite films from a solution of the perovskite in dimethylformamide the spin coating technique was employed. Pre-crystallization was achieved by annealing the films at a temperature of 100 or 110 °C. The dissolution process involved adding a drop of dimethylformamide onto the substrate surface and allowing it to partially dissolve the perovskite film. Subsequently, residual solvent was removed through spin coating. The mor-phological analysis of the perovskite film surface after recrystallization at temperatures ranging from 80 to 130 °C was performed. The infrared transmission spectra of the obtained perovskite films were investigated, and their light absorption characteristics were studied through transmission spectra. The perovskite structure in the obtained films was confirmed by the peaks observed in the X-ray diffraction patterns.
Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy among Healthcare Workers in a Northeastern Province in Thailand: Findings of a Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Shrestha Manash , Sherer Penchan Pradubmook , Paek Seung Chun , Prasert Kriengkrai , Chawalchitiporn Sutthinan , Praphasiri Prabda
Published: March 2024

Despite the importance of influenza vaccination for healthcare workers (HCWs), their uptake remains challenging. This study aimed to measure influenza vaccine hesitancy among HCWs in Nakhon Phanom province, Thailand. A representative cross-sectional survey was conducted at six hospitals during August – September 2020 using a self-administered questionnaire. HCWs delaying getting influenza vaccines, accepting but unsure, or refusing with doubts were categorized as hesitant. Those accepting without any doubts were classified as non-hesitant. Vaccine hesitancy determinants were identified by multivariable logistic regression analysis. A total of 338 participants (97%) completed the questionnaires; most were female nurses working at district hospitals without pre-existing chronic medical conditions. Nearly 60% of participants (197/338) exhibited influenza vaccine hesitancy, and significant factors included age above 50 years adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.2, 95% CI 1.3-8.5), fair knowledge of influenza/vaccination (aOR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.8), and negative influence of other HCW (High level– aOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1-4.8; Moderate level- aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-4.4). Imparting updated information to the HCW combined with positive guidance from influential peers may help reduce this hesitancy.
Spectral Fusion Based on Hyperspectral Imaging Technology for Discrimination of Rice Varieties
Authors: Li Changming , Tan Yong , Liu Chunyu , Gao Xun , Lv Zhong , Guo Wenjing
Published: March 2024

To ensure consumers can purchase high-quality rice, accurate identification of rice varieties is particularly important. Methods: This article conducts research based on machine learning algorithms from the perspectives of image, spectrum, and spectrogram fusion. Six types of hyperspectral image data of rice were preprocessed using convolutional smoothing (SG) and multiple scatter correction (MSC). Texture information of the images was extracted using gray-level co-occurrence matrix. Spectra, texture, and spectrogram data were fused into a new matrix. Spectral, texture, and spectrogram fusion data were used as inputs for the model, and support vector machines (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and K-nearest neighbors (KNN) classification models were constructed and compared. Results: From the classification results, the spectrogram fusion classification performance was better than classification models using only spectra or texture. Conclusion: The research results showed that the accuracy of SVM and LR classification models exceeded 90%, and the LR model performed the best, effectively classifying rice varieties.
Vertebral and femoral Bone Mineral Density (BMD) assessment with Dual-Energy CT versus DXA scan in post-menopausal females
Authors: Stoppino Luca Pio , Piscone Stefano , Saccone Sara , Ciccarelli Saul Alberto , Marinelli Luca , Milillo Paola , Macarini Luca , Vinci Roberta
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to demonstrate the potential role of Dual Energy CT in assessing Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. A retrospective study was conducted on 51 postmenopausal female patients who underwent DXA and DECT examinations for other clinical reasons. DECT images were acquired with spectral imaging using a 256-slice system. These images were processed and visualized using an HAP(fat) map. Statistical analysis was performed using the Bland-Altman method to assess agreement between DXA and DECT HAP(fat) measurements. Mean BMD, vertebral and femoral T-scores were obtained. For vertebral analysis, the Bland-Altman plot showed an inverse correlation (R2: -0.042; RMSE: 0.690) between T-scores and DECT HAP(fat) values for measurements from L1 to L4, while a good linear correlation (R2: 0.341; RMSE: 0.589) it was found for measurements at the femoral neck. In conclusion, we demonstrated the enhanced accuracy of BMD calculation through DECT, finding a statistically significant correlation only at the femoral neck where BMD results do not seem to be influenced by the overlap of the measurements on cortical and trabecular bone. This outcome could be beneficial in the future by reducing radiation exposure for patients already undergoing follow-up for chronic conditions.
Total Pain and Fear of Recurrence in Post-treatment Cancer Patients: Serial Mediation of Psychological Flexibility and Mentalization and Gender Moderation
Authors: Krok Dariusz , Telka Ewa , Falewicz Adam , Szcześniak Małgorzata
Published: March 2024

Research indicates that painful experiences can significantly affect the fear of cancer recurrence among cancer survivors, which is a distressing concern that influences both physiological and psychological recovery. Yet, the role of potential factors and mechanisms in these relationships is not fully known. This cross-sectional study aimed to advance our comprehension of the associa-tions between total pain and the fear of recurrence in post-treatment cancer patients by examining two potential mediators: psychological flexibility and mentalization. Three hundred and thirty-five participants (aged 22 to 88, 49.1% female) who had finished their cancer treatment completed self-report assessments of total pain, fear of recurrence, psychological flexibility, and mentalization. The serial mediation analysis showed that all dimensions of total pain were positively related to the fear of recurrence indirectly through psychological flexibility and mentalization, in serial. Additionally, gender moderated these serial mediational effects. In line with the psychological flexibility model, personal capacities to face difficult internal/external problems and interpret one’s behaviour in motivational terms can counterbalance patients’ negative emotions and feelings related to the illness.
Botanical hybrid preparations (BHP) in phytomedicine and phytotherapy research: background and perspectives
Authors: Panossian Alexander , Lemerond Terry , Efferth Thomas
Published: March 2024

Background: The commonly known assumption that combinations of several herbs in one formulation can have better efficacy due to additive or synergistic effects has not been systematically studied despite some evidence supporting the synergy concept. Study aim: The study aimed to reveal the molecular interactions in situ of host cells in response to the intervention of BHP and justify the benefits of implementing BHP in clinical practice. Results: This overview provides the results of recent clinical and network pharmacology studies of botanical herbal preparations (BHP) of Rhodiola with other plants, including Ashwagandha, Green Tea, Eleutherococcus, Schisandra, Eleutherococcus, Leuzea, Caffeine, Cordyceps, Gingko, Black Cohosh, saffron, and L-carnosine. Conclusions: The most important finding from network pharmacology studies of BHP was the evidence supporting the synergistic interaction of BHP ingredients, revealing unexpected new pharmacological activities unique and specific to the new BHP. Some studies show the superior efficacy of BHP compared with mono-drugs. At the same time, some a priori-designed combinations can fail, presumably due to antagonistic interactions and crosstalk between molecular targets within molecular networks involved in the cellular and overall response of organisms on the intervention. Network pharmacology studies help predict the results of studies to discover new indications and unpredicted adverse events.
Progressive Optimal Fault-Tolerant Control Combining Active and Passive Control Manners
Authors: Du Dan , Li Zetao , Dahhou B.
Published: March 2024

This study develops a progressive optimal fault-tolerant control method based on insufficient fault information. By combining passive and active fault-tolerant control manners during the process of fault diagnosis, insufficient fault information is fully used, and optimal fault-tolerant control effect is achieved. In addition, the fault-tolerant control method based on guaranteed robust cost control is introduced. The proposed progressive optimal fault-tolerant control method considers two aspects. First, as the amount of fault information continually increases, the performance index of the progressive optimal fault-tolerant controller improves. Second, at each moment, based on the corresponding insufficient fault information and prior knowledge, optimal fault-tolerant control is achieved according to current fault information. The process of progressive optimal fault-tolerant control converges to active fault-tolerant control when the fault is completely identified and the optimal fault-tolerant controller is no longer reconfigured until no more useful fault information can be provided. Furthermore, a progressive optimal fault-tolerant control algorithm based on the grid segmentation in the parameter uncertainty domain and the selection of different auxiliary center points is introduced. The simulation results verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm and the validity of the proposed theory.
Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-Cov-2 Antibodies among Patients Visiting Hospital-Based Sentinel Sites in the Rift Valley Region, Kenya
Authors: Ruttoh Vincent Kiplangat , Kipkoech Brian , Tonui Ronald , John Ruth Omoti , Mwangi Ibrahim Ndungu , Gicho Ruth Wambui , Kamau Sally Wambui , Njihia Maureen Wangui , Symekher Samwel Lifumo , Mwanzia Timothy Muasya , Gikunda James Murithi , Munyao Matthew Mutinda , Njoroge Caroline Wangui , Nzou Samson Muuo
Published: March 2024

Background: Accurate estimation of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for guiding public health strategies. Underreporting from PCR-based testing, especially in low- and middle-income countries, often obscures the true extent of exposure and immunity to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 among patients visiting hospital-based sentinel sites in Kenya's Rift Valley region following the Omicron wave. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study in four hospital-based sentinel sites among patients with acute respiratory infection symptoms. Patients aged six months or older visiting the sites between January 2022 and December 2022, presenting with symptoms of acute respiratory infection, were enrolled. Clinical and sociodemographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. We used a quantitative ELISA kit to detect IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 S protein in serum samples. Results: Among 557 individuals enrolled in the study, the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 97.8% (n=545). Vaccinated individuals demonstrated significantly higher odds of seropositivity compared to unvaccinated counterparts, with an odds ratio of 3.33 (95% CI: (0.4, 27.87)). While seropositivity remained consistent across age groups, older adults exhibited the highest odds. Site-specific differences in enrolment and vaccination rates highlight potential access-related disparities. Conclusion: Our findings indicate widespread prior exposure to SARS-CoV-2 within the study region, underscoring the significant impact of both natural infection and vaccination efforts in driving SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence within the Rift Valley region. Despite the underestimation of infections and disparities in vaccination access, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of vaccination for conferring SARS-CoV-2 immunity. Targeted interventions are crucial to address accessibility barriers and vaccine hesitancy, ensuring equitable vaccination coverage.
Micro(nano)plastics and their potential impact on human gut health: a narrative review
Authors: Covello Carlo , Di Vincenzo Federica , Cammarota Giovanni , Pizzoferrato Marco
Published: March 2024

: Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are becoming an increasingly severe global problem due to their widespread distribution and complex impact on living organisms. Apart from their environmental impact, the effects of MNPs on living organisms have also continued to attract attention. The harmful impact of MNPs has been extensively documented in marine invertebrates and larger marine vertebrates like fish. However, the research on the toxicity of these particles on mammals is still limited, and their possible effects on humans are poorly understood. Considering that MNPs are commonly found in food or food packaging, humans are primarily exposed to them through ingestion. It would be valuable to investigate the potential harmful effects of these particles on gut health. This review focuses on recent research exploring the toxicological impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on the gut, as observed in human cell lines and mammalian models. Available data from various studies indicate that the accumulation of MNPs in mammalian models and human cells may result in adverse consequences, in terms of epithelial toxicity, immune toxicity, and disruption of gut microbiota. The paper also discusses the current research limitations and prospects in this field, aiming to provide a scientific basis and reference for further studies on the toxic mechanisms of micro- and nanoplastics.
Exploring the Development of Bibliotherapy through Islamic Nuanced Comics for Self-Discipline Attitude
Authors: Azmi Khilman Rofi' , Alfian Ni’am Muhammad Luthfi
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the objective conditions of youth self-discipline, to find out the results of the material expert validation test and the results of the media validation test on the development of bibliotherapy media through Islamic nuance comics for self-discipline attitudes of teenagers and youth. This research uses a type of research and development or commonly referred to as R&D (Research and Development) using the Borg and Gall model until the 7 th stage. Data collection techniques in the form of assessment sheets. Data analysis uses qualitative and quantitative analysis. Based on the results of the expert assessment of the bibliotherapy media development meter through Islamic nuance comics produced a value of 95 with the criterion "Very Good", the results of the assessment of media experts produced a value of 127 with the criterion "Good". Thus, based on the assessments of the two validators above, the medium of bibliotherapy through islamic nuance comics for self-discipline attitudes for teenagers and youth in Pati, Central Java was declared feasible to use. This product has been shown to be effective in improving adolescent self-discipline in the process of self-development and character formation according to universal values.
Implementasi Sistem Computer-Based Test (CBT) Dalam Pengelolaan Ujian di MAN Insan Cendekia Paser
Authors: Buana Idih Angga , Yunus Mohammad , Suratman Suratman
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini menyelidiki penggunaan sistem pengujian berbasis komputer (CBT) dalam manajemen ujian di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Insan Cendekia Paser. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif, efisien, dan berdampak penggunaan CBT dalam ujian sekolah menengah. Metodologi penelitian meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan analisis dokumen yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan CBT di MAN Insan Cendekia Paser. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan CBT berhasil meningkatkan efisiensi manajemen ujian karena pengawasan manual menjadi kurang penting dan soal ujian menjadi lebih fleksibel.
Selain itu, terlihat dampak positif pada partisipasi siswa dan pemahaman mereka tentang materi ujian. Namun demikian, penelitian ini juga menunjukkan beberapa masalah teknis dan kebijakan yang dihadapi selama proses implementasi. Beberapa di antaranya adalah ketersediaan infrastruktur teknologi dan kebutuhan pelatihan staf. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini memberikan wawasan menyeluruh tentang penggunaan CBT di MAN Insan Cendekia Paser dan menawarkan saran tentang cara memasukkan teknologi ini ke dalam sistem pendidikan setempat untuk meningkatkan manajemen.
CHANGES TO THE REGIONAL MEDIUM-TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD IN THE LEGAL PERSPECTIVE OF REGIONAL GOVERNMENT
Authors: Boemiya Helmy
Published: March 2024

Provincial Government, Regencies and cities in the context of administering their administration must prepare development plans. However, there is a main problem, namely the Covid-19 pandemic since March 2020 until now, which has greatly affected the national economy. The purpose of this study is to find out the arrangements for changing the Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) during the Covid-19 pandemic and the changes that must be made or become a priority in preparing the RPJMD Changes. The research method used is normative juridical. Changes to the RPJMD during the Covid-19 pandemic have a legal basis, namely first, local governments have the authority through local regulations to amend the RPJMD, second, regulations related to Law No. 23 of 2014, Government Regulation No. 8 of 2008, Presidential Regulation No. 18 of 2020, Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 86 of 2017 allows the RPJMD to be changed on the basis of a fundamental change in national policy and the existence of a non-natural national disaster. third, in making changes to the RPJMD according to Government Regulation No. 86 of 2017 and Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 70 of 2019. In preparing changes to the RPJMD, the local government must pay attention to the philosophical basis, namely that Indonesia has a national philosophy, namely Pancasila. Then the sociological basis for changing the RPJMD is the involvement of the community in a policy formulation process which is a concrete manifestation of the application of modern democratization values.
Legal Issues of Ganti Tikar Marriage in Bugis Wajo Custom in East Tanjung Jabung Regency
Authors: Agusta Acendra , Sajjad Mohammad Ali , Azmi Miftahudin
Published: March 2024

Tanjung Jabung Regency, the author's research area, has various tribes: Bugis, Banjar, Batak, Java, and Padang. The Bugis tribe is further divided into Bugis Wajo, Bone and Pinrang tribes. Because their customs also have differences, the author only focuses on the Bugis Wajo tribe community because the Bugis Wajo tribe has traditions or customs that are still thick about marriage. The study focuses on the legal issues of ganti tikar marriage in Bugis Wajo customs in East Tanjung Jabung Regency. The research method used is empirical legal research with a socio-legal approach. The result of this study is that the marriage of ganti tikar by Bugis Wajo in East Tanjung Jabung Regency is permissible and valid as long as the terms and conditions of marriage are fulfilled. At the same time, in positive law, it is a traditional marriage that can be carried out as long as it does not conflict with applicable regulations.