bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAN UJI STABILITAS FORMULASI MASKER GEL PEEL-OFF EKSTRAK METANOL KULIT BIJI PINANG YAKI (Areca vestiaria Giseke)
Authors: Setianingsih Dwi
Published: May 2021

Kerusakan pada kulit akan mengganggu kesehatan manusia maupun penampilan sehingga kulit perlu dijaga dan dilindungi kesehatannya. Salah satu yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan kulit adalah radikal bebas yang berupa sinar ultra violet. Dalam kondisi yang berlebih, sinar UV dapat menimbulkan beberapa masalah terhadap kulit, mulai dari kulit kemerahan, pigmentasi, bahkan dalam waktu lama menyebabkan resiko kanker. Buah pinang yaki mengandung senyawa-senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, steroid, dan tanin yang memiliki sifat antioksidan sehingga memungkinkan untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap sinar UV. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pengembangan berupa pembuatan sebanyak 3 formula masker peel off dengan konsentrai ekstrak kulit biji pinang yaki 5% (FI), 7,5% (FII), dan 10% (FIII). Sebagai blanko (F0) sediaan dibuat tanpa ekstrak kulit biji pinang yaki. Sediaan masker gel peel-off ekstrak kulit biji pinang yaki memiliki efektivitas dalam melembabkan kulit dengan hasil adanya perbedaan signifikan antar formula, konsentrasi 10% menunjukkan efektivitas yang lebih baik dalam menjaga kelembapan kulit dengan perubahan nilai kadar pH kulit mencit mendekati pH normal rata-rata nilainya sebesar 6,194 setelah 28 hari pemakaian masker. Dari hasil uji evaluasi yang dilakukan bahwa pada uji organoleptik, homogenitas, viskositas, pH, daya sebar, dan waktu sediaan mengering selama 28 hari pada suhu 4±2°C, 25±2°C dan suhu 40±2°C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masing–masing formula sediaan gel masker peel off ekstrak kulit biji pinang yaki memiliki stabilitas yang baik selama penyimpanan. Kata kunci : Areca vestiaria Giseke; Masker Gel Peel Off ; pH.
BAO plate archive project: digitization, electronic database and scientific usage
Authors: Mickaelian A. M. , Gigoyan K. S. , Mikayelyan G. A. , Paronyan G. M. , Gyulzadyan M. V. , Kostandyan G. R.
Published: May 2021

Observational archives are the main source for most of the astronomical studies, as given observations cannot entirely solve any problem and need to be complemented by related observing data both for construction of the time domain, multiwavelength, multi-technique and multi-method picture. This relates to both modern observations and historical ones preserved at many observatories. Therefore, digitization and accessibility of all possible data are rather important. The Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO) Plate Archive consists of some 37,500 photographic plates and films, obtained with 2.6m telescope, 1m and 0.5m Schmidt telescopes and other smaller ones during 1947-1991 and then by digital methods since 1996. Its most important part, the famous Markarian Survey (or the First Byurakan Survey, FBS) 1874 plates were digitized in 2002-2007 and the Digitized FBS (DFBS, www.aras.am/Dfbs/dfbs.html) was created. New science projects have been conducted based on this low-dispersion spectroscopic material. Several other smaller digitization projects have been carried out as well, such as part of the Second Byurakan Survey (SBS) plates, photographic chain plates in Coma, where the blazar ON 231 is located and 2.6m film spectra of FBS Blue Stellar Objects. However, most of the plates and films were not digitized. In 2015, we have started a project on the whole BAO Plate Archive digitization and its scientific usage. It was aimed at digitization, extraction and analysis of archival data and building an electronic database and interactive sky map. Armenian Virtual Observatory (ArVO, www.aras.am/Arvo/arvo.htm) database will accommodate all new data. The project runs in collaboration with the Armenian Institute of Informatics and Automation Problems (IIAP) and continued during 4 years in 2015-2018. Later on, the project was renovated for 2020-2021. The final result will be an Electronic Database and online Interactive Sky map to be used for further research projects. ArVO will provide all standards and tools for efficient usage of the scientific output and its integration in international databases.
Evaluasi Pengajaran Bahasan dan Sastra Indonesia
Authors:   Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Subhayni Subhayni , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: May 2021

Buku ajar ini berisikan materi yang cukup lengkap dan inovatif yang berkaitan dengan kapasitas penilaian dan posisinya dalam pengajaran bahasa indonesia, teknik evaluasi pengajaran bahasa indonesia, teknik tes dan nontes sebagai alat evaluasi hasil pengajaran bahasa indonesia, berbagai macam pengujian kebahasaan dan tes keterampilan berbahasa indonesia, berbagai macam pengujian kesastraan, penskoran, penilaian, dan pengolahan nilai, analisis butir soal bahasa dan sastra, asesmen alternatif, penilaian berbasis kelas, serta konsep soal HOTS.
Diagram Lintasan Matahari Dalam Arsitektur
Authors:   Arsitektur dan Perencanaan, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Sari Laina Hilma , Rauzi Era Nopera ,   Arsitektur dan Perencanaan, Universitas Syiah Kuala
Published: May 2021

Udang galah adalah salah satu jenis kelas Crustacea yang memiliki nama ilmiah dari udang perairan Estuaria jenis spesies Macrobrachium rosenbergii dengan kategori secara anatomi memiliki bentuk tubuh yang besar (giant) apabila di bandingkan dengan jenis udang lainnya (Bambang Agus Murtidjo, 1992). Udang galah memiliki habitat ekologi perairan estuaria yang dangkal dan merupakan kategori dari kelas Crustacea dengan filum Arthopoda dengan suku Paleamonidae dari bangsa Decapoda. Udang galah umumnya hidup di perairan estuaria yang memiliki ciri khusus pada bagian kepala berbentuk kerucut dan rostrum melebar pada bagian ujungnya. Bentuk tubuhnya udang galah memanjang dan melengkung ke atas. Pada bagian atas udang galah terdapat gigi seperti gergaji sebanyak 12 gigi dan bagian bawah sebanyak 11 gigi. Kebanyakan udang galah jenis kelamin jantan memiliki ciri tubuh yang besar dan panjang, kuat dan memiliki capit yang besar.
Pengantar Iktiologi
Authors:   Kelautan dan Perikanan, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Bidang Iktiologi, Muchlisin ZA.
Published: May 2021

Buku Pengantar Iktiologi ini adalah kumpulan bahan kuliah Mata Kuliah Iktiologi yang telah mulai kami susun dan telah sampaikan dalam kelas perkuliahan mahasiswa di Fakultas Kelautan dan Perikanan Universitas Syiah Kuala sejak tahun 2003 dan Alhamdulilah pada tahun 2017 ini kami lengkapi dan cetak dalam bentuk buku ajar. Buku Pengantar Iktiologi ini adalah materi wajib dan minimum yang harus dikuasai dan dipahami oleh mahasiswa khususnya di Fakultas Kelautan dan Perikanan untuk pada semua program studi dan menjadi dasar bagi mahasiswa untuk mengambil mata kuliah lain yang terkait dengan ikan.
Trigonometri
Authors:   Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Suryawati Suryawati
Published: May 2021

Bahan kajian terdiri dari; Perbandingan Trigonometri, Identitas Trigonometri, Grafik Fungsi Trigonometri, Persamaan Trigonometri, Pertidaksamaan Trigonometri, Pemakaian Trigonometri, Limit Fungsi Trigonometri, Relasi Inversi, Teorema De Moivre. Bahan kajian ini didasarkan dan ditekankan pada bahan ajar Matematika Sekolah dimana Trigonometri merupakan salah satu bidang yang diajarkan.
Optimasi Kapasitas Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Hibrida Menggunakan Homer di TPA Gampong Jawa Banda Aceh
Authors: Syukri Mahdi , Yuliadi Dedy , Syahrizal S
Published: May 2021

Saat ini pasokan energi listrik masih belum terpenuhi pada sebagian daerah dikarenakan semakin menipisnya sumber energi konvensional dan energi fosil. Energi alternatif yang ideal adalah energi terbarukan. Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Gampong Jawa Banda Aceh memiliki potensi pembangkit listrik tenaga biomasa (PLTBm) dikarenakan memiliki banyak sampah dengan rata-rata produksi 250 ton per hari. Berdasarkan titik koordinat TPA Gampong Jawa, Banda Aceh menggunakan simulasi HOMER diperoleh nilai radiasi matahari (Photovoltaic) sebesar 4,12 kWh/m^2/hari. Tujuan dari penilitian ini adalah memperoleh jumlah energi potensi biomassa dan photovoltaic serta model yang optimal untuk sistem pembangkit listrik hibrida di TPA Gampong Jawa. Dari hasil penilitian ini potensi daya listrik dari pembangkit biomassa di TPA Gampong Jawa, yaitu 2000 kW yang dapat menghasilkan energi listrik dalam satu tahun yaitu 12.641.232 kWh. Ada tiga skenario yang digunakan untuk mensimulasikan model Pembangkit Tenaga Listrik Hibrid (PLTH). Model yang paling optimal adalah skenario 3 dengan nilai Net Present Cost (NPC) dan Cost of Energy (COE) yang terkecil. Nilai Net Present Cost (NPC) dan COE masing-masing adalah $ 42.698.527 dan $ 0,2614 dimana biomassa dan photovoltaic menghasilkan energi listrik masing-masing 11.753.607 kWh per tahun dan 1.248.080 kWh per tahun, generic 1 kWh Lead Acid 300 unit dan converter 720 kW.
Antifungal potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPS) from the stem bark extract of Kigelia pinnata
Authors: Ravi Lokesh , Kannabiran Krishnan
Published: May 2021

Aqueous extract of bark of Kigelia pinnata was used as reducing source for the biological green synthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized particles were characterized by UV-Visible spectrum, XRD, SEM, dynamic light scattering (DLS). The anti-fungal activity of AgNPs was evaluated against Aspergillus niger (MTCC:281), Aspergillus flavus (MTCC:277) and Candida albicans (MTCC:227) by agar diffusion method. Particle size of AgNPs was measured as 76.4nm ± 6.3nm and Zeta potential was stable at -43.2mV using DLS analysis. SEM analysis measured the size of AgNPs as ~75nm. XRD analysis confirmed that the synthesized NPs were silver (Ag), based on the JCPDS entry 85-1355 and it is crystalline in nature. The size of the crystal was calculated as 10nm using the Scherrer formula. The AgNPs demonstrated significant anti-fungal activity against C. albicans (MIC:15.6µg/ml), A. niger (MIC:62.4µg/ml) and A. flavus (MIC:31.2µg/ml). These results confirm that AgNPs synthesized using K. pinnata barks could be used as potential antifungal agent against fungal pathogens.
Enhancement of Solubility and Dissolution rate of Pravastatin using solid Dispersion
Authors: Mewada Asha , Shah Sunil , Tyagi Chandra Kishore
Published: May 2021

The solubility and dissolution rate of pravastatin, a drug used for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia. Pravastatin is a selective competitive inhibitor of HMG Co A reductase. However its absolute bioavailability is 5%. To increase the solubility of drug solid dispersion was prepared. Solid dispersion preliminary solubility analysis was carried out for the selection of the carrier and solid dispersion was prepared with Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) and Methyl Cellulose (MC). These solid dispersions were analyzed for the solubility and in-vitro dissolution profile solid dispersion of drug with polymer has shown enhanced solubility with improved dissolution rate. Further FTIR, X-Ray studies were carried out. Solid dispersion prepared with polymer in 1:5 ratios shows the presence of amorphous form confirmed by the characterization study. The present investigations showed that solubility of Pravastatin sodium was markedly increased by its solid dispersion using PVP K30 as carrier. The formulation SDF8 containing (1:8) shows highest dissolution rate. Hence the solid dispersion a way is useful technique in providing fastest onset of action of Pravastatin sodium as well as enhanced dissolution rate. The study also shows that dissolution rate of pravastatin can be enhanced to considerable extent by solid dispersion technique with Polymer.
Evaluation of Hypoglycemic potential of Moringa oleifera bark extracts on normal and Alloxanized diabetic rats
Authors: Kumbhare Manoj , Sivakumar Thangavel , Surana Ajaykumar
Published: May 2021

Diabetes Mellitus is a leading community health agony. Although steady new drug evolution to care intended for diabetes, herbal remedy stay a prospective add-on remedy to maintain glucose level in the body. Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) has been conventionally used to deal with numerous diseases as the anti-oxidant properties it reports. The effect M. oleifera stem bark extracts against diabetes alloxanized diabetic rats were employed in this research. Bark of M. oleifera stem was used. Male Wistar albino rats (150–200g) were employed. Blood samples were accumulated by retro-orbital plexus puncture method and blood glucose of all animals was examined by means of an electronic glucometer. Diabetes commences due to Alloxan during its capability to demolish the insulin-generating beta cells of the pancreas. Three weeks observations indicate drop in blood glucose levels as in Alloxan + glibenclamide (10mg/kg) used as standard from 295mg/dl to 149mg/dl. Alloxan + Methanolic extract of M. oleifera (100mg/kg) from 294 mg/dl to 237mg/dl. Alloxan + Methanolic extract of M. oleifera (200mg/kg) from 295mg/dl to 232mg/dl. Alloxan + Methanolic extract of M. oleifera (400 mg/kg) from 290mg/dl to 229mg/dl. Three weeks of daily treatment of extract of M. oleifera led to a dose dependent fall in blood sugar in three weeks for methanolic extract of M. oleifera. The current research concludes that extracts of M. oleifera bark is able to demonstrate drop in blood glucose level in normal and alloxan treated rats.
Formulation and Evaluation of Floating Drug Delivery System of Antidiabetic Drug
Authors: Hondadakatti Rekha , Iliger S. R. , Lagali Manjula
Published: May 2021

Repaglinide is an anti-diabetic, oral blood-glucose lowering drug of the meglitinide class used in the management of type-II diabetes mellitus. The present investigation was concerned with the development of the floating matrix tablets, which after oral administration are designed to prolong the gastric residence time and thus, improve the bioavailability of the drug as well as its half life. Repaglinide showed maximum absorption at wavelength 244 nm in 0.5N HCl. Drug-polymer compatibility studies by FT-IR gave confirmation about their purity and showed no interaction between drug and selected polymers. Various formulations were developed by using release rate controlling and gel forming polymers like HPMC (K-4M, K-15M & K-100M) by direct compression method with the incorporation of sodium bicarbonate as gas generating agent. All the formulations had floating lag time below 47.5 seconds and constantly exhibited floating on dissolution medium for more than 24 h. swelling studies indicated significant water uptake and contributed in drug release. The formulation with HPMC K4M (F1, F2 & F3) showed drug release rate between 96 to 99%. The use of HPMC K15M (F4, F5 & F6) have shown drug release rate from 89.3 to 98.2% and formulations with HPMC K100M (F7, F8 & F9) have shown drug release rate between 72 to 84%. From among all the developed formulations, as formulation F5-99% released the drug for longer period of time and it had slightly less floating lag time as compared to other formulations. So, it was selected as the best formulation. It was concluded that the drug release followed zero order kinetic, as the correlation coefficient (R2 value) was higher for zero order release.
A Complete Review on Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets
Authors: P Nagaveni , S Sirisha , Rao C Appa
Published: May 2021

Drug actions can be improved by novel drug delivery system, such as mucoadhesive system. Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems interact with the mucus layer covering the mucosal epithelial surface, and mucin molecules and prolongs the residence time of the dosage form at the site of application. Bio adhesion may be defined as the state in which two materials, at least one of which is of a biological nature, are held together for extend periods of time by interfacial forces. Buccal mucosa is the preferred site for both systemic and local drug action. The mucosa has a rich blood supply and it relatively permeable. Buccal trans mucosal delivery helps to bypass first- pass metabolism by allowing direct access to the systemic circulation through the internal jugular vein. This article briefly describes. Introduction to mucoadhesive drug delivery system, structure and function of oral mucosal membrane, buccal drug delivery and mucoadhesive property, theories and mechanism of mucoadhesion, mechanism to increase drug delivery through buccal route, buccal drug delivery system formulation design, characterization of buccal tablet, evaluation of buccal tablet.
Nanosponges - Overview
Authors: Yadav Rajkumar Prasad , Sheeba F R
Published: May 2021

New technologies, prospects and scope, which are expected to have major applications in disease diagnostics and therapeutics, are introduced in the most emerging branch of pharmaceutical sciences known as Pharmaceutical nanotechnology. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology comprised of nano-sized products and which can be transformed in numerous ways to improve their characteristics. A Nanosponge is a novel and emerging technology, which offers targeted and controlled drug delivery for topical as well as oral use. The tiny sponges will circulate around the body. They touch and adhere to the surface of the particular target site and begin to release the drug in a regulated and predictable way. Since, the medication can be released at the specific target site rather than circulating around the body. It would be more effective for a specific dose given. The aqueous solubility of these sponges is another significant characteristic. This enables the efficient use of these systems for drugs with poor solubility. Both lipophilic as well as hydrophilic drugs can be loaded into nanosponges. Nanosponges drug delivery system has emerged as one of the most promising areas of life sciences.
Short Term Planning and Scheduling For Gasoline Blending in Oil Refineries
Authors: Zhqiar Faisal G. , Hassan Alla-Eldine , Dawood Dr. Lamyaa M.
Published: May 2021

Product blending is an important optimization task that is encountered in the operation and scheduling of important industrial plants like petroleum refineries. The key objective of blending is to mix various intermediate products to achieve desired properties and quantities of products with minimum cost. There are uncertain parameters which make it very difficult to attain the optimum allocation of available resources. Consequently, there is a need to develop computational optimization techniques to tackle the blending issues. 

   In this research the main objective is to propose an approach to solve product blending issue in an optimum

way. The blending problem can be formulated as an optimization where its objective is to maximize net profit while determining the optimal allocation of intermediate streams to produce optimum production mix of final products.

   The proposed approach is introduced for integrating short term planning and scheduling for product blending. Two mathematical models have been proposed. The first model deals with planning issue for product blending and the results are regarded as production guidelines. In the second scheduling model, scheduling will treat the production guidelines to verify optimum allocation for available resources. The approach was applied to different real time case studies form Midland Refineries Company, and the results show the efficiency and flexibility of this approach to solve the different case studies. Also minimize lead time from 72 to 24 hr in the second case according to reduction in re-blend process, in addition to minimize production cost depending on optimum allocation for available resources. The last case study which is a complicated one, were WIN QSB version 1.00 software is utilized. The results gained after 0.031 second CPU time for planning level and 3.375 second CPU time for scheduling level. This is considered as an advantage to the model.
Poly aromatic hydrocarbons degradation by lignin peroxidase produced from local isolate Aspergillus terreus SG777
Authors: Imran Sahar Ghazi Imran , Razuqi Nada S. Razuqi , Aziz Ghazi M.Aziz
Published: May 2021

Lignin peroxidase produced from A. terreus SG777 precipitated with 80% ammonium sulfatesaturation then desalting by dialysis against Tris buffer solution and partially purified by ionexchange chromatography using DEAE- cellulose.The specific activity reached 56.67U/mg withpurification fold was 5.4 times and 13.7% recovery. The optimum pH for activity and stability was(3). The maximum activity was observed at 40°C and the enzyme maintained the activity when itwas incubated at (25-35)˚C.Degradation of poly aromatic hydrocarbons when incubated with 65.51 U/ml lignin peroxidaseat (40°C) for 4 hr compared with the Refinery treatment. Results showed (97.54%) removalefficiency of Di benzo (a, h) anthrancene by lignin peroxidase, while only (54.37%) was treated byRefinery treatment. Flourene and anthrancene degradation (95.98%) and (83.51%) respectively,while the flourene and anthrancene degradation treated by Refinery treatment only 84.51% and(46.83%) respectively.The aim of this study was degradation of poly aromatic hydrocarbons by using partialpurification lignin peroxidase.
Artificial Lift Design of Mishrif Formation in Nasiriyah Oil Field
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed Saeed , Al Dabaj Dr. Abdul Aali , Lazim Dr. Samaher AbdilRassol
Published: May 2021

The possibility of improving the oil production rate for Mishrif formation in Nasiriyah oil field, located in Thi-Qar Governorate – southern province of Iraq, proposed in this paper. Electrical submersible pump (ESP) and gas lift techniques were applied to one well (NS-Y) in the studied reservoir. Firstly, the mathematical model has been built and validation has been done using PIPESIM software in order to select the best correlation (Duns & Ros correlation) for the pressure gradient calculation in the wellbore. The effect of decreasing reservoir pressure and increasing water cut on production rate has been studied through the evaluation of the well performance. The production rate was decreased to 1917 STB/D when reservoir pressure reached to 2750 psi, and flow rate decreased to 1210 at water cut 60%. Therefore, the artificial lift techniques were applied to increase the oil production rate. The result showed that Gas lift system contributed to increase production rate to (3198) STB/D at reservoir pressure equal to 2750 psi, while using the ESP system improved oil production rate to (2800) STB/D at reservoir pressure 2750 psi. The results also showed that gas lift system contributed to increase production rate to (3805) STB/D at water cut 60% and ESP raised the production rate to 3087 STB/D at water cut 60%. The comparison between them showed that the gas lift technique gave the highest production rate at different reservoir pressure and water cut.
Iraq Crude Oil Exports – August, September, October 2017
Authors: / Oil Marketing Company / Oil Marketing Company Ministry of Oil
Published: May 2021

Table 1. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – August 2017 Table 2. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – September 2017Table 3. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – October 2017
TỔNG QUAN CHẨN ĐOÁN VÀ ĐIỀU TRỊ BỆNH HO GÀ
Authors: Đỗ Thiện Hải
Published: May 2021

Ho gà là bệnh nhiễm trùng đường hô hấp cấp tính do vi khuẩn Bordetella pertussis gây ra, có khả năng lây nhiễm cao. Bệnh được mô tả lần đầu tiên từ những năm 1500. Đến năm 1670, Sydenham sử dụng thuật ngữ “pertussis”, có nghĩa là ho dữ dội, thay cho từ “whooping cough”[1]. Đến nay, ho gà vẫn là nguyên nhân gây bệnh và tử vong cho trẻ em trên toàn thế giới, mặc dù tiêm chủng đã được phủ rộng [2]. Tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương, mặc dù đã áp dụng nhiều biện pháp hiện đại trong điều trị nhưng tỷ lệ khỏi bệnh ra viện sau điều trị chiếm 79,6% (86/108); Tỷ lệ tử vong 2,8% (3/108), trong đó 7,5% (3/40) trẻ dưới 2 tháng tuổi [3].
Audit Layanan Sistem Informasi Bantuan Operasional Sekolah Kabupaten Bintan Menggunakan Cobit 5.0
Authors: Safitri Liza , Sella Matussaqdiah  , Hendi Setiawan
Published: May 2021

SIBOS merupakan Sistem Informasi Bantuan Operasional Sekolah yang di pantau langsung oleh Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Bintan. Permasalahan dari pemakaian Aplikasi SIBOS belum dilakukan audit sehingga belum diketahui efisiensi dan tingkat kapabilitas sistem informasi yang sudah ada. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model kapabilitas sebagai alat ukur terhadap jawaban responden dari kuesioner yang dibuat berdasarkan framework cobit 5.0 domain DSS (Deliveri, service and Support) serta sebagai pemberi definisi dan pemahaman proses sistem teknologi informasi yang sedang berjalan. Berdasarkan rekapitulasi jawaban dari para responden, maka didapatkan nilai tingkat kapabilitas. Audit mengambil sample 40 responden, dan telah di sebarkan kuesioner dan diolah menggunakan COBIT 5.0 dengan hasil, SIBOS sudah memiliki tingkat efektifitas yang cukup tinggi berada pada nilai 3,83 atau level 4 (predictable process). Skala penilaian berdasarkan penelitian ini adalah largely achieved yaitu pada angka 71,43 %. Level 4 artinya sistem informasi sudah sesuai dengan yang di harapkan,dalam kondisi bagus dan relevan, sebagian besar dicapai, tidak ada kelemahan signifikan terkait dengan atribut ini yang mungkin ada dalam proses penilaian.
Predição da efetividade da substituição no futebol: caso campeonato Brasileiro da Série A
Authors: Brutti Nicholas Sangoi , Duarte Denio , Dal Bianco Guilherme
Published: May 2021

Substituições são recursos importantes para os técnicos de futebol para melhorar o desempenho de suas equipes durante as partidas. Também podem ser cruciais para o resultado final. A relevância e limitação das substituições em jogos oficiais levaram a vários estudos para identificar a melhor maneira de substituir um jogador, ou seja, o melhor momento durante o jogo e a melhor estratégia. Aprendizado de máquina vem sendo aplicado para construir modelos para melhorar a efetividade das substituições. Neste contexto, este trabalho visa propor a criação de modelos que auxiliem os técnicos das equipes visitantes em escolher o melhor momento e estratégia para realizar a substituição. Foi utilizado um conjunto de dados extraído de quatro edições do Campeonato Brasileiro da Série A (2015-2018), e, a partir deste conjunto, foram extraídos e propostos atributos para a construção do modelo (e.g., a força do time). Quatro classificadores foram avaliados: Support Vector Machine, Árvores de Decisão, Random Forest e K-Nearest Neighbor. Os resultados mostram que os modelos podem atingir até 90% de F1 -Score, ou seja, podem ser promissores para a análise dos melhores momento e estratégia para substituir um jogador.
Beyond Good’s syndrome: A case of multifactorial thymoma-related immunodeficiency with cytomegalovirus reactivation
Authors: Cunha Maria , Leitao Ines , Marques Tiago , Pereira Álvaro
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Thymomas, by virtue of T-cell maturation derangement, are frequently accompanied by parathymic syndromes. Classically, Good’s syndrome characterizes immunodeficiency in patients with thymoma, comprising of hypogammaglobulinemia and various degrees of T-cell impairment; however, these patients frequently suffer from additional iatrogenic effects of chemotherapy or immunosuppressors used to control autoimmune phenomena. As a result, they often exhibit signs of decreased bone marrow response and cytopenias, leading to opportunistic infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation, whose role in perpetuating the state of immunodeficiency may be under-explored.

Case Report: We describe the case of a 62-year-old man with a thymoma who exhibited several paraneoplastic syndromes, including Good’s syndrome. The patient had also been diagnosed with sigmoidal adenocarcinoma, previously medicated with capecitabine and was currently medicated with corticosteroids and azathioprine, placing an additional strain on his already compromised immune system. After being inadvertently exposed to the combination of azathioprine and allopurinol, he developed pancytopenia with little response to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) after withdrawal of the offending agents. A high CMV viral load was suspected as a cause for perpetuating leukopenia. Treatment with ganciclovir resulted in bone marrow recovery, and immunoglobulin replacement together with antibiotic and antiviral prophylaxis prevented other serious infections until thymectomy and completion of chemotherapy.

Conclusion: This case exemplifies many of the complexities in managing patients with thymomas, particularly when balancing autoimmunity and immune suppression. Cytomegalovirus reactivation is not unusual in this context and cytopenias may be the only manifestation. Although treatment of symptomatic disease is beneficial, the role of prophylaxis is not yet consensual due to its potentially myelosuppressive effects.
Qualitative Methods Research Through the Internet Applications and Services: The Contribution of Audiovisual Media Technology as Technology-Enhanced Research
Authors: Nicolaou Constantinos
Published: May 2021

This article discusses traditional methods and techniques of methodological qualitative research using the Internet applications and services as technology-enhanced research. The rapid developments of technology have reformed the methodology of qualitative research with new trends and perspectives of research methods, which are now carried out from and through the Internet (e.g., audiovisual methods from and through audiovisual media technology). The Internet is now a huge research challenge for researchers as an opportunity for action (such as the philosophy and the methodology of action research). Through extensive and rich literature, an attempt is made to understand the whole subject in relation to audiovisual media technology, which requires many new skills and abilities. The main purpose of this article is to become an important guide, but also a list of (new) methods for conducting a qualitative research, while its bibliography can be used as a source for further study.
The Role of Internal Auditors in Achieving the Social Responsibility of the Commercial Banks Operating in Jordan: A Field Study
Authors: Salah Uddin K. M. , Tanzim Nishat
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to identify the role of the internal auditors in achieving the social responsibility of the commercial banks operating in Jordan as a result of its affectivity on the sustainable development of the society. The descriptive statistics were used to describe and respond to the two study samples, the ANOVA test and the T-test were used as well at the significance level (0.05) to examine the hypothesis of the study. This study found out that the internal auditors are doing well in verifying the integrity of commercial practices in Jordan regarding the human rights and business behavior on one hand, and don’t leave a finger with regard to the safety of environmental and social practices on the other hand. One of the important study recommendations is the necessity of urging the internal auditors to play a pivotal role in monitoring commercial banks related to environment and social relationships by holding training courses and programs in addition to conducting further studies on social responsibility and sustainable development.
Optimization of the Internal Roller Burnishing Process for Energy Reduction and Surface Properties
Authors: Nguyen Trung-Thanh , Le Minh-Thai
Published: May 2021

Improving the surface quality after burnishing operation has been the subject of various published investigations. Unfortunately, the trade-off analysis between the energy consumption and surface characteristics of the internal burnishing has been not addressed due to the expensive cost and huge efforts required. The objective of the present work is to optimize burnishing factors, including the spindle speed, burnishing feed, depth of penetration, and the number of rollers for minimizing the energy consumed in the burnishing time, as well as surface roughness and maximizing Rockwell hardness. An adaptive neuro-based-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was used to develop burnishing objectives in terms of machining parameters. The optimization outcomes were selected using an evolution algorithm, specifically the non-dominated sorting particle swarm optimization (NSPSO). The results of the proposed ANFIS models are significant and can be employed to predict response values in industrial applications. The optimization technique comprising the ANFIS and NOPSO is a powerful approach to model burnishing performances and select optimal parameters as compared to the trial and error method as well as operator experience. Finally, the optimal solution can help to achieve the improvements in the energy consumed by 16.3 %, surface roughness by 24.3 %, and Rockwell hardness by 4.0 %, as compared to the common values.
Design of a Throat-extended FDM Extruder for Multi-axis 3D Printing
Authors: Liu Hao , Liu Zhoupeng , Hao Siting
Published: May 2021

Multi-axis fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing technology has been paid attention to by more and more people. However, existing FDM extruders are usually short and fat, which significantly restricts the popularization of multi-axis FDM 3D printing technology because one significant trend of additive manufacturing is the use of long and thin extruders to avoid collisions between extruders and workpieces in the printing process. This paper presents the design of a throat-extended FDM extruder to print complex-shaped workpieces with details. The main contributions in this paper include: (i) presenting a novel extruder structure including an extended-throat, a smaller heater block, and a cooling mini-fan; (ii) designing an optimized heater block using the shapes of its components and the milling tool as constraints to make its volume as little small as possible; (iii) Construct experimental and simulation methods to examine the temperature distribution of the throat to optimize the shapes of the heat dams of nozzle throats and the wind speed of the heat-dissipation fan. Based on the throat-extended FDM extruder, a five-axis FDM 3D printer has been developed, and various complex-shaped workpieces have been printed without any support.
Análise de desempenho do SAMU de Ouro Preto e Mariana através de modelos de simulação
Authors: Motta Dênisson Pierre Silva , Lopes Ramon Sávio Moreira , Rodrigues Lásara Fabrícia
Published: May 2021

O Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgências dos municípios de Ouro Preto e Mariana opera em conjunto, de forma contínua, durante 24 horas por dia, sete dias por semana, utilizando quatro ambulâncias alocadas fixamente em três bases espalhadas na região. Dado o grau de incerteza do sistema aliado ao número de parâmetros capazes de interferir em sua eficiência, mostra-se interessante determinar e avaliar indicadores para realizar um diagnóstico da situação completa do sistema emergencial da região, em consonância com a análise da qualidade da prestação de serviço. Diante desta premissa, o presente trabalho propõe modelos de simulação orientados a eventos discretos que, após sua validação, foram utilizados para analisar (1) a localização de bases de ambulâncias em configurações centralizadas e descentralizadas, (2) o comportamento do sistema ao atender a demanda real estimada, (3) o desempenho do sistema após a retirada de uma ambulância utilizando duas políticas de despacho de ambulância e (4) a alteração na demanda do sistema ao longo do dia. Os resultados das análises foram capazes de apontar os pontos positivos e negativos de cada cenário, além dos eventuais gargalos do sistema.
Characterization of Solar Cell by varying illumination
Authors: Kołodziej Andrzej , Kołodziej Michał
Published: May 2021

This work aims to confirm that the single-diode model of a monocrystalline cell can be used successfully also for thin-film solar cells when their basic parameters are calculated using the method of changing illumination. The authors describe the experimental procedure, in which I–V curves of thin-film solar cells are measured when illumination levels are changing. In experiments, a fully reflective 500 W solar simulator is used as an excellent broadband white light source, which provides the range of 0.01–10 Sun settings.
Evaluation of ISS, RTS, CASS and TRISS scoring systems for predicting outcomes of blunt trauma abdomen
Authors: Alam Arshad , Gupta Arun , Gupta Nikhil , Yelamanchi Raghav , Bansal Lalit , Durga C
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Trauma is the leading cause of mortality in people below the age of 45 years. Abdominal trauma constitutes one-fourth of the trauma burden. Scoring systems in trauma are necessary for grading the severity of the injury and prior mobilization of resources in anticipation. The aim of this study was to evaluate RTS, ISS, CASS and TRISS scoring systems in blunt trauma abdomen.
Materials and methods: A prospective single-center study was conducted on 43 patients of blunt trauma abdomen. Revised trauma score (RTS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), Clinical Abdominal Scoring System (CASS) and Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) were calculated and compared with the outcomes such as need for surgical intervention, post-operative complications and mortality.
Results: The majority of the study subjects were males (83.7%). The most common etiology for blunt trauma abdomen as per this study was road traffic accident (72.1%). Spleen was the most commonly injured organ as per the study. CASS and TRISS were significant in predicting the need for operative intervention. Only ISS significantly predicted post-operative complications. All scores except CASS significantly predicted mortality.
Conclusions: Among the scoring systems studied CASS and TRISS predicted the need for operative intervention with good accuracy. For the prediction of post-operative complications, only the ISS score showed statistical significance. ISS, RTS and TRISS predicted mortality with good accuracy but the superiority of one score over the other couldn’t be proved.
Overview of solutions used in rehabilitation devices using muscles and pneumatic actuators
Authors: Żyłka Marta , Żyłka Wojciech
Published: May 2021

The article presents selected rehabilitation devices with the use of classic actuators and pneumatic muscles. Manipulators supporting the movements of the lower and upper limbs of humans are presented. Moreover, the construction of actuators and pneumatic muscles is described.
Breast fibroadenomas: a review in the light of current literature
Authors: Salati Sajad Ahmad
Published: May 2021

Fibroadenomas are one of the most common benign tumors of the breast in the adolescent females accounting for about 2/3rd of all the breast lumps and more than half of all the biopsied breast lesions. They come into being due to overgrowth of glandular tissue under the influence of hormonal changes that the girls undergo at the time of puberty.
Due to the wide prevalence of fibroadenomas and the psychosocial morbidity associated with the finding of a breast mass, it is imperative for physicians treating adolescent patients to be thoroughly familiar and updated with this disease. The article aims at providing a brief review of the classification, presentation, diagnosis, and update on the management of breast fibroadenomas on the basis of recent literature.
Managementul costurilor
Authors: Capusneanu Sorinel
Published: May 2021

Lucrarea de fata este o cercetare exploratorie a domeniului Managementului costurilor si o provocare de adaptare la noile cerinte impuse de digitalizare si sustenabilitate. Emiterea unor decizii manageriale corect fundamentate au la baza informatii solide al caror furnizor principal, contabilitatea de gestiune, joaca un rol esential in stabilirea strategiilor de afaceri viitoare si adaptarea la mediul de afaceri, imaginea si reputatia companiilor. Continutul acestei lucrari reprezinta un punct de plecare solid in identificarea raspunsurilor la cerintele mediului de afaceri si tuturor partilor interesate in dezvoltarea unor relatii multilaterale de comunicare si interactionare, prin care castigul este reciproc. Aceasta lucrare de specialitate se adreseaza atat studentilor de la facultatile cu profil economic, avand ca obiectiv prezentarea si familiarizarea acestora cu problematica referitoare la managementul costurilor, cat si tuturor celor interesati, teoreticieni si practicieni, dornici sa cunoasca aspecte semnificative ale managementului costurilor in cadrul unei entitati economice.
Aristotle on Activity as a Variety of Rest
Authors: Frey Christopher ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: May 2021

Aristotle employs three distinct but interrelated concepts of rest: kinetic rest, energic rest, and telic rest. The third variety, telic rest, is crucial to Aristotle’s natural philosophy. Anything that moves or acts by nature does so in part for the sake of realizing its form more completely. There is, in the fullest attainment of this good, a kind of rest without cessation or destruction. The peace that telic rest affords is not a kind of stasis; it consists in perfect and complete activity. By clarifying the varieties of rest Aristotle employs, I aim to provide a richer understanding of Aristotelian natures. By emphasizing the role of telic rest, I aim to illuminate a universal and perennial aspect of the human condition, an aspect that both drives us to gain knowledge of the natural world and unites us with that world’s divine cause.
Nourishing Bonds
Authors: Wolfe Katharine ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: May 2021

The care ethics tradition has long argued for the merits of understanding the self as relational. Inspired by this tradition, but also by ecofeminist philosophies that insist on the need to consider our wider ecological and interspecies connections, this paper focuses on the relational elements of breast/chestfeeding (most frequently referred to as ‘nursing’ for gender-neutrality) and their ethical implications. I show nursing to be an act that not only 1) connects us to one another through bonds of nourishment and care but also 2) reconnects us to our animal selves and enlivens connections to non-human animals. Moreover, I argue that nursing 3) exposes our entwinement in a web of ecological relationships through which the toxic harm we have wrought on our environment returns to us. To draw out the ethical implications of these connections, I introduce the concept of ‘relational vulnerabilities.’ Relational vulnerabilities are forged through our connections to others, be they bonds of dependence and need, historical harm and ongoing violence, love and joy, or all at once. I contend that all relational vulnerabilities call for ethical attention, yet, when it comes to nursing, these vulnerabilities are often neglected or, worse, made the targets of heinous abuse.
Successful Removal of a Difficult Common Bile Duct Stone by Percutaneous Transcholecystic Cholangioscopy
Authors: Lee Hyunsuk , Lee Sang Hyub , Huh Gunn , Kim Yeji , Hur Saebeom , Hur Moonhaeng , Lee Minwoo , Ahn Byeongyun
Published: May 2021

Common bile duct (CBD) stones are prevalent in 11% to 21% of patients with gallstones and can cause various clinical manifestations, from biliary colic to biliary sepsis. The treatment of choice is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, but approximately 5% to 10% of CBD stones are difficult to remove using these conventional endoscopic methods. Although percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy and lithotripsy can be used as an alternative, it can be technically demanding and risky if the intrahepatic duct is not dilated. We report a case of a large CBD stone that was successfully removed using percutaneous transcholecystic cholangioscopy.
On Statistical Analysis of Forecasting COVID-19 for the Upcoming Months in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Lahcene Bachioua
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a statistical analysis using fitted prediction models that revealed a high exponential growth in the number of confirmed cases, deaths, and treated case processes based on our model predictions and the results of experimental COVID-19 predictions. The studies aimed to build inductive statistical models using the automatic integrated mean regression model methodology, and its preferred method for tracking data that represent the spread of the epidemic and then effectively predicting its numbers over the next six months, in addition to the number of deaths and cases that responded to recovery treatment using ARIMA.
Moreover, the number of infected cases per day is expected to stabilize less than 500, daily deaths are less than 15, and this situation will continue until the largest number of people are vaccinated in order to obtain herd immunity, and control the causes of the spread of the epidemic such as human gatherings and friction. Among individuals, in addition to obtaining the appropriate vaccine in the future, especially since the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is waiting for this year's pilgrims from inside and outside the Kingdom, the results of this work will be useful for practitioners in various fields of theoretical and applied sciences.
Determinants of Intraocular Pressure of Glaucoma Patients: A Case Study at Menelik IIReferral Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Emirie Molalign , Sharma M.K.
Published: May 2021

The main theme of the paper is the well-known problem of glaucoma which is the main cause of blindness worldwide and is also considered a major public health issue. It is usually associated with intraocular pressure above the normal range. The normal range is considered to be 10-21mmHg. Elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor for the development and/or progression of glaucoma, and intraocular pressure reduction is a well-known treatment strategy for slowing the progression of the disease. The objective of this article is to identify factors/covariates which affect intraocular pressure on glaucoma patients taking into consideration various demographic, socio-economic, and clinical factors. A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted; the study was based on data from all glaucoma patients who visit at least 3 times repeatedly six waves from January 2016 to December 2018 at Menelik II Referral Hospital Eye Clinic. Profile plots, univariate and multivariate linear mixed effect models were used to explore the major risk factors for the progression of intraocular pressure of a patient. The predictor variables gender (p-value=0.0218), occupation (p-value=0.0025), blood pressure (p-value, 0.0263), diabetes (p-value=0.0139), ocular problem (p-value=0.0290) and type of treatment (p-value=0.0176) found statistically significant effects on intraocular pressure of glaucoma patient. The interaction effects, i.e. time with age (p-value<.0001), time with ocular problem (p-value=0.0002), time with cataract surgery (p-value=0.0002), time with duration of treatment (p-value=0.0014) and time with type of treatment (p-value=0.0262) were found statistically significant on intraocular pressure of glaucoma patient.
COVID-19 Lockdown: A Fertile Ground for Gender-Based Violence in South Africa
Authors: Netshitangani Tshilidzi
Published: May 2021

Gender-based violence (GBV) has always been an issue of concern in South Africa and Globally. This problem of gender-based violence is currently exacerbated due to the lockdown restrictions. Women and children are targets for Covid-19 related frustrations as gender-based violence reports increase during the lockdown period. Across the country, civil society groups, gender-based violence advocacy organisations, religious groups, and other social justice groups have reported an increase in incidences related to violence against women and children and heightened demand for emergency shelters. Moreover, at the beginning of June 2020, Nehawu mentioned that reports suggested that the number of gender-based violence cases had risen by 500 per cent since the start of the Covid-19 lockdown. Employing the literature review, the paper elaborates on the nature of gender-based violence reported in South Africa and further highlights how gender-based violence has increased during the lockdown period. In this paper, I use the social dominance theory to understand the escalation of gender-based violence when people ought to be focusing on curbing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Observing COVID-19 protocols and encouraging one another to adhere to protocols in the endeavour to reduce the spread of the pandemic ought to be the focus of everyone irrespective of their gender. The suggestions on how to eliminate the scourge of gender-based violence with the advent of the COVID-19 are herein presented.