bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of browning problem during the callogenesis of Spartium junceum L.
Authors: Taghizadeh Mina , Dastjerdi Mahboubeh Ganji
Published: November 2020

Abstract During different phases of in vitro culture, plant tissues may be exposed to some stresses that never encounter in their natural habitats. The most significant stresses which interfere with in vitro culture are pathogenic contamination and browning disorder. Since browning sign is occurred during all phases of in vitro culture of Spartium junceum L., the present study was done preventing explants from browning during disinfection and callogenesis phases using exposure time of sterilants (ethanol 0, 30, 60 s and home bleach 0, 10, 15 min), antioxidant compounds (PVP 0.5%, Activated charcoal 0.1%, Curcumin 0.1%), Running water (30 and 60 min) plant growth regulators (2,4-D 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg L-1 and BA 0, 0.1 and 0.2 mg L-1), and by changing light/dark conditions was designed. The results showed that ethanol 70% (30 s) in combination with home bleach 20% (10 min) had the best effect in control contaminations and browning sign in nodal explants of S. junceum. The application of PVP 0.5% in medium was the best treatment to control of browning nodal explants in callus induction phase. The highest callus formation and the lowest explant browning were obtained on the medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 2,4-D under the darkness condition. According to the results of this study, how disinfection methods, culture medium compositions and light conditions were effective on the browning and callogenesis of Spartium junceum L.
Pruning intensity and amino acids tryptophan and glycine on growth and flowering of Jasminum sambac
Authors: Salih Ziyad Khalf , Masouleh Seyedeh Somayyeh Shafiei , Ahmed Mohamed Abdulla , Sanam Marwan Abdulla
Published: November 2020

Abstract Jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.) is an evergreen shrub and very fragrant, which has a very importance in the perfume industry and its flowers are used in different religious and ceremonies. Training the shrubs for more yields of flowers and essential oil with horticultural improvement effects of pruning and amino acids may help gardeners to achieve more benefits. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pruning intensity (without pruning, 40, 60 or 75 cm above ground level) and foliar application of amino acids (without amino acids, tryptophan or glycine) on jasmine shrubs for promoting growth and reproductive growth and the content of essential oil. The results showed that plants with light pruning (75 cm) and foliar application of amino acids especially glycine had the best growth and yield, which means that plants were affected by the interactions of pruning level and application of amino acids.
Between flowers and fears: the new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) and the flower retail trade
Authors: Anacleto Adilson , Bornancin Anna Paula de Araújo , Mendes Silas Hallel Camilo , Scheuer Luciane
Published: November 2020

Abstract In order to support a better understanding of the current scenario of the crisis installed by the New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2: COVID-19) in the flower retail trade, it is presented a descriptive exploratory research carried out between April and May 2020 with 30 flower shop managers located in the Southern region of Brazil. The results showed that the most significant impacts were the drop in the number of customers, which reduced the company’s income when compared to the values sold before the pandemic, and that the pandemic scenario generated a 45.3% reduction in financial transactions on average. Among the flower shops in this survey, 70% of flower shops were closed for an average of 21.4 days, when they were reopened with restrictions on attendance related to hours or the number of people inside the stores. The e-commerce and social media were the main tools to confront this situation, and the most used Apps were WhatsApp and Instagram. But other actions such as discounting on purchases by quantity, free delivery and marketing in the surrounding were also registered. Among the possible complementary actions in order to face this crisis and which can have positive effects, it is highlighted the online courses directed to the trade of gardening kits, the adoption of the Just In Time (JIT) methodology that can result in partnerships with local producers in order to reduce inventory costs and purchase prices, and the organization of collective purchasing groups to bargain prices with wholesalers, as well as the reduction of transportation and operational costs at Veiling in Holambra.
Pulsing on the postharvest physiology of two cultivars of Polianthes tuberosa L.
Authors: Fernando-Santos Sandy Lizbeth , Pérez-Arias Gloria Alicia , Alia-Tejacal Iran , Zaldívar Clara Pelayo , López-Martínez Víctor , Juárez-López Porfirio , Sánchez-Guillén Dagoberto
Published: November 2020

Abstract The effect of pulsing on the postharvest behavior of cut tuberose was evaluated in the cultivars ‘Mexican Single’ and ‘The Pearl’. Spikes of both were harvested with 1 or 2 of their basal buds open and treated with 20% sucrose and 200 mg of hydroxyquinoline citrate (sucrose + HQC). Pulsing increased the relative fresh weight of spikes, although water uptake in ‘The Pearl’ was greater regardless. After 5 days, visual quality was scored as ‘excellent’ and ‘good’ in ‘Mexican Single’ and ‘The Pearl’, respectively, and the greatest number of open and of senescent flowers occurred in the latter independent of pulsing. CIE L*C*h values and total sugars increased more noticeably among pulsed florets in ‘The Pearl’, whereas higher rates of respiration occurred in the unpulsed spikes of ‘Mexican Single’. Catalase activity was constant in ‘The Pearl’, although superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities were higher and similar to, respectively, those of ‘Mexican Single’. These differences in physical, physiological and enzymatic behavior are important to consider when developing postharvest conservation and management strategies that are specific for each variety.
TDZ and 2,4-D on in vitro propagation of panda plant from leaf explants
Authors: Pakum Wittaya , Inmano Onrut , Kongbangkerd Anupan
Published: November 2020

Abstract The panda plant (Kalanchoe tomentosa Baker) is a popular ornamental succulent. The optimal method for in vitro plantlet propagation was investigated. Effects of plant growth regulator on growth and development of leaf explants were determined using various concentrations of Thidiazuron (TDZ) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg L-1. A concentration of 0.01 mg L-1 2,4-D gave the highest plantlet quality derived from direct organogenesis. Higher concentrations of 2,4-D promoted callus proliferation. The lowest concentration of 0.01 mg L-1 TDZ induced shorter shoots, while higher concentrations resulted in greater callogenesis and inhibit root production. After in vitro culture, plantlets from the optimal treatment were acclimatized by exposure to growth in sand, sand with coconut husk (2:1), sand with potting soil (2:1) and sand with perlite (2:1). Highest survival percentage (100%) was found in plantlets grown in sandy soil, the most well-drained material of those selected materials. Results demonstrated an alternative production method for panda plantlets using plant tissue culture techniques.
EVALUACIÓN DEL IMPACTO SOCIAL DE UN PROYECTO DE EDUCACIÓN NO FORMAL EN CIENCIAS
Authors: Greca Ileana María , Diez-Ojeda Maria , García-Terceño Eva Maria
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN En este artículo se presenta la evaluación del impacto social de una actividad no formal de enseñanza de ciencias para promover vocaciones científicas en niños y niñas de Educación Primaria y mejorar competencias en el uso de la metodología de la indagación (IBSE) de maestros y maestras en formación. A partir del modelo lógico del proyecto, diversos instrumentos (cuestionarios, entrevistas y observación no participativa) fueron aplicados a los grupos objetivo de la intervención en tres ediciones. Las evidencias encontradas (mejora en actitudes y habilidades de maestros y maestras en formación para aplicar IBSE; interés y motivación de niños y niñas; y aumento del interés de escuelas en participar y realizar actividades innovadoras en ciencias) indican que los resultados previstos han sido mayormente alcanzados y el impacto fue significativo.
VULNERABILIDAD EN ESCUELAS PRIVADAS SUBVENCIONADAS CHILENAS: DESAFÍOS DOCENTES DESDE LA VISIÓN DIRECTIVA
Authors: Benavides-Moreno Nibaldo , Donoso-Díaz Sebastián , Reyes-Araya Daniel
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN Este artículo revisa los alcances que para el director escolar reportan las condiciones de vulnerabilidad de un estudiante e influencias que tiene el trabajo docente en su desempeño académico. Corresponde a un estudio exploratorio, basado en entrevistas a directivos de escuelas particular-subvencionadas con estudiantes en esta condición. El análisis permite evidenciar el pensamiento directivo y las dinámicas docentes, identificando nudos críticos que de ser atendidos incidirían positivamente en la organización de la enseñanza en este contexto. A partir de los antecedentes se formulan propuestas en el plano de las políticas públicas que tiendan a la orientación y desarrollo del liderazgo y la gestión pedagógica en este marco.
The Securitization of the Tri-Border Area between Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay
Authors: Castro Isabelle Christine Somma de
Published: November 2020

Abstract The purpose of this study is to identify the main features of the US discourse regarding the Tri-Border Area between Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay through the analysis of 16 editions of the Patterns of Global Terrorism and of the Country Reports on Terrorism published from 2001-2016. Securitization theory is applied to explain the use of speech acts as movements to securitize the region. After employing NVivo to measure the frequency of words, a strong link between the rise of the financial semantic field and clashes in the Middle East were observed. The fact that the reports had a special emphasis regarding legislation on terrorism in the three countries was also detected.
The Relation Among Regional Organisations, the Consolidation of Democracy and Citizen Security: The Cases of SICA and UNASUR
Authors: Forti Neto Octávio
Published: November 2020

Abstract Latin American regional organisations (ROs) have been active in the area of citizen security for at least a twenty year-period. An important relationship between citizen security and the democratic consolidation of ROs’ official documents in the Latin American region has been unexplored. This leads us to the main question of this paper: ‘What has been the role of ROs with a formalized level of citizen security cooperation in the democratic consolidation?’ To answer this question, this research was based on two case studies: The Central American Integration System (SICA) and the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) between 2008 and 2018, the period during which both organizations acted in the area of citizen security. The methodology used in this research was process tracing and comparative process tracing. Its results indicate that organisations developed a vision of how cooperative actions in citizen security can promote the consolidation of democracy by strengthening the rule of law. However, actors are sceptical of the ability of ROs to succeed, given the lack of political interest and the deficit of resources, that are major barriers for them to achieve great success in the citizen security field and, consequently, in the consolidation of democracy. The conclusion is that the analysed ROs produce a lot in terms of documents, but do little in achieving their ambitions, hence constituting, in and of themselves, a reflection of the flaws of the Latin American regionalism.
International Cooperation, Homosexuality and AIDS in Mozambique
Authors: Miguel Francisco Paolo Vieira
Published: November 2020

Abstract The current paper is an ethnographic study of an international cooperation project between an international organisation for the fight against the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the organisation LAMBDA, the largest LGBT NGO in Mozambique. The objectives of this paper are, firstly, to demonstrate how due to the international flow of financial resources attached to certain concepts and agendas, these projects end up somehow institutionalising a homosexuality project in Mozambique, in addition to reviving potentially neo-colonial practices. It also seeks to demonstrate how external bureaucratic practices can clash with local cultural practices, in what has been called ‘NGOisation.’
Equipamento de baixo custo para monitoramento de pressões em sistemas de abastecimento de água
Authors: Beregula Renato Leandro , Silva Fernando Rodrigues da
Published: November 2020

RESUMO A importância de se monitorar as pressões no sistema de abastecimento de água aliada ao alto custo de implementação e manutenção de dispositivos capazes disso corroboraram ao objetivo deste estudo. Sendo assim, buscou-se desenvolver um equipamento de baixo custo para monitorar a pressão da água. Para isso, produziu-se 15 MPR dataloggers, custando R$ 208,15 cada, que foram aferidos com um equipamento comercial. Os equipamentos foram instalados em residências de distintos perfis de consumo e altitudes do município de Lucas do Rio Verde, no estado de Mato Grosso, por 43 dias. De modo geral, os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, promissores e demonstraram o equipamento robusto e preciso, com R2 de 0,9986 quando comparado com o equipamento comercial, além de ter sido possível avaliar o sistema de abastecimento da cidade e as intervenções necessárias.
Modelagem da qualidade da água em sistemas de macrodrenagem de bacias urbanas
Authors: Camelo Sinara Martins , Coura Mônica de Amorim , Rodrigues Andréa Carla Lima , Oliveira Rui de , Costa Filho Francisco das Chagas da , Vidal Iana Chaiene de Araujo
Published: November 2020

RESUMO A remoção da cobertura vegetal e a impermeabilização de grandes áreas somadas à ineficiência dos serviços básicos de saneamento, contribuem para o aumento das cargas poluidoras pontuais e difusas que são transportadas superficialmente pelas águas pluviais, causando impactos negativos ao sistema de drenagem. Como o despejo ilegal de efluentes domésticos em redes de drenagem é uma realidade observada em todo o país, principalmente no meio urbano, hoje, a maior preocupação dos gestores e estudiosos é voltada às fontes pontuais de poluição e, apesar da importância, as fontes difusas têm recebido pouca atenção. Este trabalho objetivou modelar, utilizando o programa Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), a qualidade das águas pluviais a partir da avaliação do acúmulo de poluentes na superfície do solo em períodos secos e da lavagem durante eventos de precipitação na Bacia Hidrográfica Riacho do Prado, inserida no perímetro urbano da cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Oito pontos no canal de drenagem foram monitorados, analisando-se as variáveis demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO), demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) e fósforo total (FT), além da determinação da vazão. Os resultados obtidos nas simulações do comportamento dos poluentes em escala temporal para o evento medido do dia 08 de junho de 2018 foram condizentes com os valores observados nas análises laboratoriais, confirmando a eficiência dos resultados para as outras simulações realizadas. Os dias antecedentes sem chuva e a intensidade da precipitação se mostraram importantes na análise da carga poluente.
Effect of hybrid E-glass and basalt fibre on the flexural behaviour of concrete
Authors: Rathod Deendayal , Manikandaprabhu Sundaramoorthy
Published: November 2020

The addition of fibres to concrete enhances several mechanical properties under tension and flexure. This paper discusses the benefits of adding two types of fibres, namely E-glass and basalt, to a concrete mixture. The mechanical properties of of conventional and fibre-reinforced concrete were assessed by subjecting cubes and cylinders to compressive strength, splitting tensile, impact and modulus of elasticity tests. A flexural beam set-up was also constructed with varying reinforcement and tested under two-point loading. The deflections under the loading were measured using a deflectometer. The strains in the reinforcement were also measured using strain gauges. It was found that the hybrid fibre-reinforced concrete (HFRC) containing 2% basalt fibre and 1% E-glass fibre exhibited higher compressive strength than various other mix proportions. It was also found that the HFRC exhibited less deflection and higher modulus of elasticity and stiffness compared with the conventional concrete specimen. In addition, the HFRC was observed to have a higher impact resistance.
Performance and emissions of spark-ignition engines fuelled with petrol and methane
Authors: Karagöz Yasin , Balcı Özgün , Gezer Onur , Köten Hasan , Işın Övün
Published: November 2020

Diesel engines using compression ignition are increasingly prohibited in cities due to increased environmental concerns. This could lead to greater use of low-powered spark-ignition (SI) engines in hybrid electrical cars. Using alternative fuels is important for SI engines. In this research study, performance and in-cylinder pressure data were collected from petrol- and methane-fuelled SI engines. A theoretical engine model was then verified using experimental data. The theoretical results for methane and petrol were finally compared for different engine speeds. The theoretical model used a combustion model and a chemical kinetics model to compare the effects of methane and petrol on engine performance and emissions at different engine speeds. Thanks to the high knock resistance of methane, the most suitable ignition advance value was decided for the methane-fuelled simulation by considering the maximum thermal efficiency to limit assumed reductions in indicated thermal efficiency and indicated mean effective pressure compared to previous studies. A slight reduction in nitrous oxides and carbon monoxide emissions was observed when using methane at full load.
Prediction of vehicle emissions based on totally asymmetric simple exclusion process model
Authors: Xiao Song , Chen Xiaoyu , Liu Yanna
Published: November 2020

In this paper, vehicle emissions are predicted by a combination of a totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) model and an emission model based on Vito's on-the-road emission and energy measurement (VOEM) systems. By analysing four primary pollutants (namely, carbon dioxide (CO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)), the trend in the variation of emissions at different entrance rates (α) and leaving rates (β) is evaluated. The emissions of carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and PM reduce strikingly with the increase of α and β that can be due to the changes in traffic situation. The effects of vehicle type on the emissions are discussed. For diesel cars, carbon dioxide and VOC show the highest emission levels, and oxides of nitrogen and PM show the lowest emission levels, while for liquefied petroleum gas cars, contradicting results are obtained. This can be beneficial for making policies regarding traffic and vehicle emissions control.
Machine learning to inform tunnelling operations: recent advances and future trends
Authors: Sheil Brian B , Suryasentana Stephen K , Mooney Michael A , Zhu Hehua
Published: November 2020

The proliferation of data collected by modern tunnel-boring machines (TBMs) presents a substantial opportunity for the application of machine learning (ML) to support the decision-making process on-site with timely and meaningful information. The observational method is now well established in geotechnical engineering and has a proven potential to save time and money relative to conventional design. ML advances the traditional observational method by employing data analysis and pattern recognition techniques, predicated on the assumption of the presence of enough data to describe the physics of the modelled system. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advances and applications of ML to inform tunnelling construction operations with a view to increasing their potential for uptake by industry practitioners. This review has identified four main applications of ML to inform tunnelling – namely, TBM performance prediction, tunnelling-induced settlement prediction, geological forecasting and cutterhead design optimisation. The paper concludes by summarising research trends and suggesting directions for future research for ML in the tunnelling space.
The effect of PEO parameters on the properties of biodegradable Mg alloys: a review
Authors: Esmaeili Mehdi , Tadayonsaidi Mehran , Ghorbanian Babak
Published: November 2020

This paper comprehensively reviews recent research carried out in the field of preparation of bioactive coatings on magnesium (Mg)–aluminum (Al)–zinc (Zn) alloys by using the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) method and investigation of factors affecting it. Magnesium–aluminum–zinc alloys (AZ grades) have been developed for use as biodegradation materials because the addition of aluminum and zinc as alloying elements can ameliorate their mechanical properties and increase corrosion resistance over those of pure magnesium alone without decrement in biocompatibility. Among the common methods for improvement of biodegradation, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of magnesium alloys, surface modification techniques have been more effective. PEO is a relatively novel surface modification technique that provides excellent wear- and corrosion-resistant coatings on lightweight metals, in particular on magnesium and its alloys. The processing parameters of PEO, such as pulse frequencies, applied voltages, oxidation time, electrolyte concentrations and substrate chemical composition, are some of the major factors that determine the quality of the coatings in terms of corrosion resistance and bioactivity in body fluid solutions. Considering the fact that comprehensive review articles on the effect of PEO parameters on the properties of magnesium alloys have not been published in recent years, the aim of the present text is to provide an understanding of all aspects of these process parameters.
Effectiveness of Flow Sheet Implementation on Diabetes Progression Screening at a Student-Run Free Clinic
Authors: Wilcox Samuel , Okut Hayrettin , Badgett Robert , Hassouneh Stephanie , Ablah Elizabeth
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) disproportionately affects people with low socioeconomic-status (SES). Student-run free clinics (SRFC) aim to care for low SES populations and experience high clinician turnover. Flow sheets have been used to improve care for those with diabetes, yet no research has assessed the use of such a flow sheet in a SRFC. The aim of this project was to determine if use of a flow sheet improved care for people with DM in an SRFC.

 

Methods: Charts from all patients receiving care for DM at one SRFC in the year before (n=53) and after (n=56) implementation of the flow sheet were reviewed. Pre and post group comparisons and post subgroup comparisons were made for glycosylated-hemoglobin (HgbA1c), microalbumin, and foot and eye exams.

 

Results: During a one-year period, a larger proportion of patients who received care post flow sheet introduction received at least two HgbA1c tests (53%), a microalbumin test (46%), and a foot-exam (46%) compared to those receiving care before the flow sheet (28%, 2%, and 25%, respectively). There was no difference in proportions of patients undergoing eye exams. In post subgroup analysis, flow sheets were used for 50% of patients, and patients who received care with the flow sheet were more likely to receive at least two HgbA1c tests and a foot exam per year.

Conclusions: Our study suggests that flow sheets can improve the process of care for patients with diabetes in a SRFC. A systematic integration of the flow sheet is being implemented in the SRFC now.
Penerapan Arsitektur Neo-Vernakular pada Bangunan Buday dan Hiburan
Authors: Widi Chaesar , Prayogi Luthfi
Published: November 2020

Arsitektur neo–vernakular adalah salah satu konsep dari aliran post modern. Neo-vernakular adalah gabungan dari dua konsep yang berbeda yaitu modern dan vernakular. Neo–vernakular adalah interpretasi dari arsitektur vernakular. Bangunan budaya dan hiburan adalah salah satu bangunan yang banyak menggunakan konsep neo–vernakular dikarenakan adanya budaya tradisional didalamnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui penerapan arsitektur neo–vernakular pada bangunan budaya dan hiburan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mendeskripsikan penerapan arsitektur neo-vernakular pada bangunan budaya dan hiburan. Penelitian ini mempunyai satu studi kasus yaitu Rumah Keramik F. Widiyanto. Penelitian ini menggunakan ciri – ciri arsitektur neo–vernakular sebagai cara menganalisis studi kasus.  Penelitian ini menyimpulkan saung angklung udjo menerapkan lima ciri arsitektur neo-vernakular..
KONSEP INTEGRASI STASIUN LRT BEKASI TIMUR DENGAN KAWASAN MIXED-USE LRT CITY BEKASI TIMUR
Authors: Anissa Indira Nur , Saladin Agus , Rahmah Nuzuliar
Published: November 2020

Kawasan mixed-use yang berada diluar Jakarta (kota satelit) dapat menjadi alternatif bagi penduduk DKI untuk menetap atau melakukan kegiatan sehingga kepadatan kota Jakarta dapat menurun. Kawasan dengan berbagai fungsi didalamnya seperti hunian, perkantoran dan perdagangan dapat  berlangsung dengan  baik apabila antar bangunannya dapat terintegrasi dengan baik dan dapat memberikan mobillitas dan aksesibilitas yang baik bagi pengguna kawasan untuk menuju pusat kota Jakarta. Tujuan dari dibuatnya penulisan ini untuk mengetahui serta menganalisa konsep integrasi antara kawasan mixed-use LRT City Bekasi Timur dengan stasiun LRT Bekasi Timur. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode pendekatan perancangan dengan mengembangkan suatu situasi dengan kreatifitas dan menghasilkan suatu penyelesaian berupa karya perancangan.Berdasarlan hasil analisis, konsep integrasi antara stasiun LRT Bekasi Timur dengan kawasan Mixed-use LRT City adalah melalui jembatann penghubung, karena mempertimbangkan letak stasiun yang berada 20 meter dari permukaan tanah. Jembatan menghubungkan stasiun dengan bangunan sekitar khususnya pada area komersial dan area perkantoran, yaitu bangunan Lifestyle mall, Kantor dan park n ride. Jembatan penghubung didesain ramah bagi penyandang disabilitas dan melindungi pengguna dari panas dan hujan karena tertutup pada bagian atas tetapi tetap dapat melihat kesekitar kawasan pada bagian kanan kirinya.
Molecular portrait of stomach cancer associated with the Epstein–Barr virus
Authors: Ignatova E. O. , Seryak D. A. , Fedyanin M. Yu. , Tryakin A. A. , Pokataev I. A. , Menshikova S. F. , Vakhabova Yu. V. , Karbyshev M. S. , Smirnova K. V. , Tulyandin S. A.
Published: November 2020

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) associated gastric carcinoma is a special form of gastric adenocarcinoma that arises against the background of clonal growth of EBV-infected epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa. This subtype of tumors has unique genetic and epigenetic features that determine its characteristic phenotype. Determination of the molecular features of EBV-associated gastric cancer made it possible to identify potential targets for drug therapy of this subtype of tumors. The review presents modern data on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of EBVassociated gastric cancer, describes its unique pathomorphological and molecular features. Particular attention is paid to the prognostic role of EBV infection and drug therapy potentially applicable to the treatment of EBV-positive gastric cancer.
Spectrum of VHL mutations in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Mazurenko N. N. , Tsyganova I. V. , Strelnikov V. V. , Balbutsky A. V. , Malivanova T. F. , Kuznetsova E. B. , Draudin-Krilenko V. A. , Shangina O. V. , Mukeria A. F. , Matveev V. B. , Zaridze D. G.
Published: November 2020

The VHL gene alterations are the early and characteristic feature of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We have examined VHL mutations in sporadic 98 ccRCC cases to evaluate their localization in relation to functionally important motifs of the VHL protein. The DNA samples were obtained from snap-frozen carcinoma biopsies and used for Sanger sequencing, while 62 ccRCC DNA cases were studied by next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis in parallel. In 73 (74.4 %) оf 98 ccRCC cases the somatic non-silent VHL mutations were identified. Loss of function VHL mutations (nonsilent, frameshifts or in splicing sites) were detected in 40 (40.8 %) ccRCC, while missense mutations – in 35 (35.7 %) ccRCC. In total 76 mutations important for VHL functioning were detected in 72 (73 %) ccRCC samples, of them 15 mutations (deletion / insertion in-frame or frameshifts) were identified for the first time. Four ccRCC cases contained two mutations each. Most of missense mutations disturb the sites of VHL interactions with HIF, РКС or kinesin. The pathogenicity of p.P154P silent mutation and intronic mutations near mRNA VHL splicing sites was discussed. The obtained results are important for understanding the role of VHL mutations in ccRCC progression and prognosis.
Effect of the exosome-mediated suppression of the estrogen signaling: the role in the progression of the hormonal resistance of breast cancer cells
Authors: Sorokin D. V. , Andreeva O. E. , Mikhaevich E. I. , Shchegolev Yu. Yu. , Scherbakov A. M. , Gudkova M. V. , Krasil’nikov M. A.
Published: November 2020

The most effective treatment of the hormone-dependent breast cancer is based on the antiestrogens SERM and aromatase inhibitor treatment, however its efficiency is limited by the acquired resistance to the drugs.

Previously we have revealed the effect of the transferring of the hormonal resistance from the resistant to the sensitive cells under in vitro cell co-cultivation, and demonstrated exosomes involvement in this process. Here we have shown that the exosomes of the resistant cells caused the marked inhibition of the estrogen signaling in the recipient cells, and identified microRNAs – ERα suppressors that overexpressed in the resistant exosomes.

Taken together, the results obtained demonstrate the important role of the estrogen signaling suppression in the exosome-induced transferring of the hormonal resistance, and revealed the involvement of the exosomal microRNA in the ERα down-regulation.
METHOD FOR COHERECE EVALUATION OF UKRAINIAN TEXTS USING CONVO-LUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Pogorilyy S.D. , Kramov A.A. , Biletskyi P.V.
Published: November 2020

The estimation of text coherence is one of the most actual tasks of computer linguistics. Analysis of text coherence is widely used for writing and selection of documents. It allows clearly conveying the idea of an author to a reader. The importance of this task can be confirmed by the availability of actual works that are dedicated to solving it. Different automated methods for the estimation of text coherence are based on the methodology of machine learning. Corresponding methods are based on of formal text representation and following detection of regularities for the generation of an output result. The purpose of this work is to perform the analytic review of different automated methods for the estimation of text coherence; to justify method selection and adapt it due to the features of the Ukrainian language; to perform the experimental verification of the effectiveness of the suggested method for a Ukrainian corpus. In this paper, the comparative analysis of the methods for the estimation of coherence of English texts basing on a machine learning methodology has been performed. The expediency of application of methods that are based on trained universal models for the formalized representation of text components has been justified. The following models using neural networks with different architecture can be considered: recurrent and convolutional networks. These types of networks are widely used for text processing because they allow processing input data with an unfixed structure like sentences or words. Despite the ability of recurrent neural networks to take into account previous data (this behavior is similar to text perception by the reader), the convolutional neural network for conducting experimental research has been chosen. Such choice has been made due to the ability of convolutional neural networks to detect relations between entities regardless of the distance between them. In this paper, the principle of the method basing on the convolutional neural network and the corresponding architecture has been described. Program application for the verification of the suggested method effectiveness has been created. Formalized representation of text elements has been performed using a previously trained model for the semantic representation of words; the training process of this model has been implemented on the corpus of Ukrainian scientific abstracts. The training of the formed networks using pre-trained model has been performed. Experimental verification of method effectiveness for solving of document discrimination task and insert task has been made on the set of scientific articles. The results obtained may indicate that the method using convolutional neural networks can be used for further estimation of coherence of Ukrainian texts.
Shaping Facebook and Twitter Public Spheres: The Case of Swiss Franc Mortgage Holders in Poland
Authors: Filipek Kamil , Cwynar Andrzej , Cwynar Wiktor , Szkoła Jarosław
Published: November 2020

The article focuses on the online communication on Polish Facebook and Twitter around issues related to mortgage loans in Swiss francs. Based on 20k posts retrieved from both Facebook and Twitter, we found the most active actors and the most common topics appearing on those micro-public spheres. It was revealed that actors with institutional affiliation and those who are not affiliated discuss different problems and share dissimilar content related to Swiss franc debts. It was also found that certain categories of actors may influence online discussions on both social networking sites by promoting specific content in order to pursue their institutional interests. Finally, the diversity of topics and problems discussed by the two categories of actors identified on Facebook and Twitter suggest that Swiss franc mortgage holders are a good example of “connective action” with no clear identity or community traits that led to favourable judgment of the European Court of Justice.
Asymptomatic intestinal helminth co-infection among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in urban Surabaya: a preliminary study
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Rifat Nurwita , Tantular Indah Setyawati , Kusumaningrum Deby , Kusumaratna Rina K
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUNDPulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and East Java province is the second largest contributor of co-infection in Indonesia. Asymptomatic helminth infection among pulmonary tuberculosis patients causes another public health problem. Few data relate to helminth infection based on clinical and immunological outcomes of pulmonary TB in highly endemic areas.

METHODSThis study was designed as a preliminary study and aimed to determine helminth co-infection among TB patients with a macroscopic assessment. This cross-sectional study was conducted in June-August 2017.

RESULTSAmong 16 treated active TB patients from TB cohort data of Tanakali Kedinding health center found that 56% were stool smear-positive for Trichuris trichiura eggs, but had no clinical symptoms.

CONCLUSIONWhether or not the helminth infection may have an impact on the diagnosis and treatment of active TB remains to be further investigated. Co-infection could be inhibited by the host immune response and improve the prognosis of TB treatment.
The Experiences Entailed by the Intersectionality of Korean (Im)migrant Mothers’ Multi-identities in Layered Contact Zones of the United States
Authors: Park Su Jin , Samuelson Beth
Published: November 2020

Pratt’s (1991) notion of “contact zone” was used to investigate the lives of four Korean (im)migrant mothers in the United States, where they encountered clashes of languages and cultures. This study, part of five-year feminist cyber-ethnography, is an examination of their contact zone experiences from the perspective of the intersectionality (Crenshaw, 1989) of their multiple identities, which were complicated and added layers to the contact zones usually presumed to be experienced by (im)migrant adults when regarded a single category despite great diversity of their pre-migration capital (Bourdieu, 1991). The participants’ identity as mothers exacerbated confrontations in some contact zones, and their intertwined identities as highly-educated and motivated Korean women and wives situated them in both outside- within-ethnic contact zones.
Is the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide a predictor of cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients?
Authors: Sedov D. S. , Fedotov E. A. , Rebrov A. P.
Published: November 2020

Aim To evaluate the role of N-terminal pro-hormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) as a predictor of cardiovascular events (CVE) in patients receiving programmed hemodialysis (PHD).Material and methods This study included 74 patients (men, 64.8 %) older than 18 years receiving PHD. Data were processed using mean values of standard biochemical indexes for 16 months. NT-proBNP level was measured and transthoracic echocardiography (EchoCG) and bioimpedancemetry were performed at the time of inclusion into the study. Cumulative incidence of CVE for 16 months was evaluated in patients with different levels of NT-proBNP (quartile 1: <1127 pg/ml; quartile 1–4: 1127–3210 pg/ml; quartile 4: >3210 pg/ml) using the Kaplan-Meier method. For assessment of NT-proBNP as a CVE predictor, receiver operational characteristic curves (ROC curves) were constructed.Results The serum concentration of NT-proBNP was 2114.5 [1127; 3210.4] pg/ml. During 16 months, CVE were observed in 25.6 % of patients. The risk of CVE increased with increasing NT-proBNP quartile in the analysis of Kaplan-Meier curves (Log-Rank test, p=0.032). In this process, CVE did not develop in patients with NT-proBNP concentrations lower than 1127 pg/ml. The ROC analysis demonstrated a good predictive value of NT-proBNP (p=0.006, AUC 0.71, 95 % CI: 0.59–0.83). The optimum cut-off threshold of the NT-proBNP level predictive of CVE was 2093 pg/ml (sensitivity, 84.2 %, specificity, 58.2 %). CVE developed in patients with greater values of volumetric myocardial parameters, indirect signs of hyperhydration (higher predialysis sodium level and pulmonary artery systolic pressure), smaller volumes of substituate per dialysis procedure, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (p<0.05).Conclusion In patients receiving programmed extracorporeal therapy, the serum concentration of NT-proBNP was considerably higher than mean values in the general population. Apparently, serum NT-proBNP concentrations in the range of 1127–2093 pg/ml can be used as a predictor for a high risk of CVE in the dialysis population. Pronounced structural alterations of the myocardium, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and hyperhydration are the factors that provide development of CVE on PHD. Large volumes of the PHD substitution solution are associated with a lower incidence of CVE in the dialysis population.
Machine Learning Methods for Prediction of Hospital Mortality in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Geltser B. I. , Shahgeldyan K. J. , Rublev V. Y. , Kotelnikov V. N. , Krieger A. B. , Shirobokov V. G.
Published: November 2020

Aim      To compare the accuracy of predicting an in-hospital fatal outcome for models based on current machine-learning technologies in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) after coronary bypass (CB) surgery.

Material and methods A retrospective analysis of 866 electronic medical records was performed for patients (685 men and 181 women) who have had a CB surgery for IHD in 2008–2018. Results of clinical, laboratory, and instrumental evaluations obtained prior to the CB surgery were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included 35 (4 %) patients who died within the first 20 days of CB, and group 2 consisted of 831 (96 %) patients with a beneficial outcome of the surgery. Predictors of the in-hospital fatal outcome were identified by a multistep selection procedure with analysis of statistical hypotheses and calculation of weight coefficients. For construction of models and verification of predictors, machine-learning methods were used, including the multifactorial logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), and artificial neural networks (ANN). Model accuracy was evaluated by three metrics: area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. Cross validation of the models was performed on test samples, and the control validation was performed on a cohort of patients with IHD after CB, whose data were not used in development of the models.

ResultsThe following 7 risk factors for in-hospital fatal outcome with the greatest predictive potential were isolated from the EuroSCORE II scale: ejection fraction (EF) <30 %, EF 30-50 %, age of patients with recent MI, damage of peripheral arterial circulation, urgency of CB, functional class III-IV chronic heart failure, and 5 additional predictors, including heart rate, systolic blood pressure, presence of aortic stenosis, posterior left ventricular (LV) wall relative thickness index (RTI), and LV relative mass index (LVRMI). The models developed by the authors using LR, RF and ANN methods had higher AUC values and sensitivity compared to the classical EuroSCORE II scale. The ANN models including the RTI and LVRMI predictors demonstrated a maximum level of prognostic accuracy, which was illustrated by values of the quality metrics, AUC 93 %, sensitivity 90 %, and specificity 96 %. The predictive robustness of the models was confirmed by results of the control validation.

Conclusion      The use of current machine-learning technologies allowed developing a novel algorithm for selection of predictors and highly accurate models for predicting an in-hospital fatal outcome after CB.
Markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with arterial hypertension exposed to occupational irradiation of  low intensity
Authors: Semenova Yu. V. , Karpov A. B. , Takhauov R. M. , Milto I. V. , Shanina E. I. , Kovalchuk E. V. , Suslova T. E.
Published: November 2020

Aim To study the association between concentrations of endothelial dysfunction (ED) markers and arterial hypertension (AH) in people who were exposed to long-term action of “low-dose” ionizing radiation.Material and methods The study subjects were men of middle age (45–55 years) who were workers of the Siberian Integrated Chemical Plant with the length of service on the shop floor of at least 5 years. The subjects were divided into the main group (n=96) consisting of workers with grade 1-2 AH and the control group (n=48) consisting of arbitrarily healthy workers. Both groups contained workers who had been exposed to long-term occupational low-intensity irradiation (γ-radiation) and those not exposed to this irradiation. The study evaluated risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, presence of concomitant diseases, blood biochemistry (concentrations of glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, creatinine, and ED markers, including endothelin, angiotensin II, von Willebrand factor, C-type natriuretic peptide, tissue plasminogen activator, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and homocysteine, major clinical data, total dose of external irradiation, and the content of 239Pu in the body.Results AH was associated primarily with excessive body weight and severity of atherogenic dyslipidemia and homocysteinemia. Higher plasma concentrations of TNF-α and a tendency to increasing hsCRP in the AH group, as distinct from the control group of arbitrarily healthy men, indicated a proinflammatory shift. The ED markers were related with clinical data of AH patients and associated with the lipid profile and increased blood concentrations of inflammatory mediators. The radiation exposure did not change the ED marker array in AH patients, which did not allow recommendation of the studied plasma indexes for detection of vascular endothelial injury in workers with AH of the Siberian Integrated Chemical Plant.Conclusion The study results evidenced the absence of adverse effects of long-term occupational exposure to low-intensity radiation on the vascular endothelium as evaluated by ED markers. In men aged 45–55 years, AH was associated primarily with excessive body weight, homocysteinemia, and atherogenic dyslipidemia.
Comorbidity of arterial hyperten­sion and tension-type headache
Authors: Petrova M. M. , Moskaleva P. V. , Shnayder N. A. , Nasyrova R. F.
Published: November 2020

Arterial hypertension (AH) and exertional headache (EHA) are comorbidities. The article presents a nonsystematic review focused on studying the AH+EHA phenotype. The authors addressed the history of studying the phenotype, several theories about its pathophysiological causes (psychosomatic, neuroanatomical, and baroreflector). The protective “hypertension-associated hypoalgesia” phenotype, a mechanism of its change in AH chronization, and difficulties of differential diagnosis are described. The AH+EHA phenotype requires further study since its incidence is quite high. This will allow developing an individualized approach in prevention and treatment of EHA attacks, decreasing the risk of life-threatening cardiovascular complications, and avoiding iatrogenic complications in patients with AH. The main way to prevent the development of AH+EHA phenotype is patient’s compliance, which can be provided by using combination hypotensive drugs to reduce the number of pills and dosing. It is important to take into account possible adverse reactions of the nervous system (medication-overuse headache or EHA aggravation). Considering these conditions, the drug Triplixam can be used for prevention of complications in the AH+EHA phenotype. Triplixam is a fixed triple combination of amlodipine/indapamide/perindopril, and its individual components have low and medium risk for development of headache.
DÜZENLEYİCİ ODAKLARIN DEĞİŞİME DİRENÇ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNDE ÖRGÜTSEL İLETİŞİMİN ARACI ROLÜ
Authors: YENER Serdar
Published: November 2020

Bu çalışmada, düzenleyici odakların değişime direnç
üzerindeki etkisinde örgütsel iletişimin aracı rolü sorgulanmıştır. Düzenleyici
uyum kuramı çerçevesinde oluşturulan araştırma modelinde çalışanların yönelimci
veya  kaçınmacı düzenleyici odak
düzeylerinin  değişime direnç üzerinde
farlı etkileri olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Bu etkinin salt düzenleyici odaklar
ile açıklanamayacağı örgütsel iletişimin bu etkide gizli değişken (aracı rol)
olarak rol oynayabileceği düşünülmüştür. Bu düşünceden hareketle  çalışanların 
yönelimci düzenleyici odakları arttıkça örgütsel iletişim üzerinden
değişime dirençlerinin azalacağı, kaçınmacı düzenleyici odakları arttıkça değişime
dirençlerinin artacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu kapsamda öncelikle yönelimci ve
kaçınmacı düzenleyici odaklar, değişime direnç ve örgütsel iletişim  kavramlarına ilişkin kavramsal çerçeveye yer
verilmekte, daha sonra, araştırma bölümünde yapılan anket uygulamasına yönelik
bulgu ve sonuçlar sunulmaktadır. Sinop ili Boyabat ilçesinde faaliyet gösteren
bir üretim işletmesinin 146 çalışanı araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırma kapsamında kullanılan ankette 5’li likert tipi ölçek tercih
edilmiştir. Yüz yüze anket yöntemi ile elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS 21.0
ve Process 3.0 makrosu kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.  Araştırma bulguları sonucunda; örgütsel
iletişimin hem yönelimci hem de kaçınmacı düzenleyici odakların değişime direnç
üzerindeki etkisinde tam aracılık rolü gözlenmiştir.