bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Directions in Rehabilitation Counseling Research
Authors: Rumrill Phillip D. , Bellini James L. , Koch Lynn C.
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this article is to examine future directions in rehabilitation counseling research that will build on prior investigations to improve rehabilitation outcomes and enhance the quality of life of people with disabilities. The authors discuss the role of theory in guiding future research and implementing evidence-based practices. Next, they recommend topics to be further investigated in future inquiry. The article concludes with an exploration of emerging research approaches and techniques that are either beginning to be used by rehabilitation researchers or, if not being used, have the potential to contribute to the rehabilitation counseling knowledge base.
Inconsistent Constitutional Court Decisions Resulting in Uncertainty Regarding the Legal Dispute on Regional Head Election Results in Indonesia
Authors: Manurung Saut Parulian
Published: September 2019

In Indonesia, the Constitutional Court is the sole interpreter and guardian of the constitution and the decision made by this Court is expected to meet a sense of justice, utility, and legal certainty. This paper argues that there is a contradiction between two decisions ruled by the Court resulted in inconsistent constitutional interpretations. Such inconsistency can be referred to the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 072-073/PUU-II/2004 declaring the Constitutional Court to have the power to adjudicate disputes over the results of regional head elections, while on the other hand, the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 97/PUU-XI/2013 ruled this institution no longer to adjudicate disputes over the results of regional head elections by revoking Article 236C of the revised Regional Government Act No. 12/2008. In doing so, this paper analyzes the impact of such contradictory decisions on uncertainty in the legal dispute regarding regional head election results. This paper concludes that such inconsistency was caused by the application of two different approaches: the first decision applied judicial activism and the latter considered judicial restraint.

Keywords: Constitutional Interpretation, Judicial Restraint, Judicial Activism.
The Iddah Period as a Reason for Cancellation of Marriage
Authors: Romadoni Rahayu Mulia
Published: September 2019

The iddah period is a waiting period that applies to a woman whose marriage is broken legally through a divorce or physically through the death of a husband. Any woman who has not had a prior marriage must observe the iddah period. As one of the legal conditions of marriage, failure to complete the iddah period can result in the cancellation of any secondary marriages. In this study, judges release a verdict in accordance with the laws and legislation of Indonesia, namely Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage and a compilation of Islamic law found in Al-Qur'an and Hadith. This article uses legal research based on positive laws including judicial decision. This study concluded that if a marriage is prohibited for a failure to satisfy the condition of iddah, that marriage must be canceled. This article employs statute and conceptual approaches to legal research, as well as case study methodology, with the aim of departing from the views and doctrines that develop in law in order to build a legal argument that addresses legal issues.  Analyzing the Decision of the Mojokerto Religious Court Number 1365/Pdt.G/2014/PA.Mr, this study argues that prospective spouses are responsible for awareness of their prospective partners’ marriage eligibility and fulfillment of all requirements, material and formal, clearly stipulated in state and religious law.

Keywords: Iddah, Islamic Law, Marriage Cancellation
The Application of the MFN Principle into 'the Over Top Companies' in Investment Activities of Indonesia
Authors: Ansory Wachid Aditya , Widiyanti Ikarini Dani , Kumala Sari Nuzulia
Published: September 2019

The Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) principle is one of international consensuses, especially for countries registered as members of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The principle is related to investment and international trade within the framework of economic liberalization. At its core, the MFN principle ensures equitable treatment of all parties economically active within a country. Recently, in Indonesia,  the Over Top company conducted business activities without paying taxes to the government. The case of the Over Top company highlights an unfair business situation in Indonesia, enabled by the Indonesian government through a poorly established monitoring system and codification of laws. This study argues that the absence of taxation, regulation, and fraud laws for the Over Top Companies in Indonesia, and the Indonesian government is responsible for the enforcement and maintenance of tax laws and the MFN principle for all entities conducting business in the state.

Keywords: MFN Principle, Over Top Companies, Investment in Indonesia.
Law Enforcement of Criminal Defamation Through Electronic Media
Authors: Putri Septavela Gusti , Irianto Echwan , Prihatin AN Dodik
Published: September 2019

Defamation through Electronic Media as regulated in Article 27 paragraph (3) of Law No. 19 of 2016 on amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions does not explain in detail the elements of "insulting content and/or defamation;” therefore, the understanding of this term is subjective to the victim. Article 27 also includes the phrase "no rights," suggesting that victims' legal rights in response to defamation are limited. Even so, the Information and Electronic Transactions Law (ITE Law - Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik) itself does not provide a detailed explanation of these elements. The results found in this study are an objective criteria to assess whether electronic information or electronic documents which can be qualified as defaming. This study argues that defamation occurs if: (a) information or documents are built based on the clarity of the insulted person's identity; (b) the purpose of words is deemed insulting; (c) defamation is addressed to natural person or legal person (d) the content and context of each case, and (e) the allegations. In addition,  a person is said to have the right to commit criminal defamation if carried out in the public interest and by being forced to defend himself.

Keywords: Criminal Defamation, Electronic Media, Indonesia
Las “ravnopravki” y el movimiento por la igualdad de los derechos a través de la historiografía = The “ravnopravki” and the movement for the equality of rights through historiography
Authors: Branciforte Laura
Published: September 2019

Resumen: En este artículo se aborda, a partir de un estado de la cuestión sobre el debate historiográfico más reciente en torno a las mujeres y la revolución rusa, el papel que tuvieron las feministas rusas, las ravnopravki, las luchadoras por la igualdad de derechos de las mujeres. A través de algunas de las protagonistas del asociacionismo feminista, haré especial hincapié en el movimiento sufragista que se fue consolidando en un momento clave para el Imperio ruso, desde 1905 hasta 1917. Pasando de una revolución a otra, de un domingo a otro (1905- 1917), analizaré, a raíz de la bibliografía existente, no muy copiosa, las formas de la participación de las mujeres en el estallido de la Revolución de febrero, el día 23 de febrero o 8 de marzo de 1917 según el calendario adoptado: el Día Internacional de las mujeres, disputado entre bolcheviques y feministas. Por último, tomaré en consideración otro día muy señalado en la historia del protagonismo revolucionario femenino ruso y su descripción en la historiografía: el día 19 de marzo de 1917, cuando, 40.000 mujeres marcharon por la Nevsky Prospect, bajo el lema: igualdad para las mujeres y obtuvieron el sufragio universal del nuevo gobierno provisional.Palabras claves: ravnopravki, Día Internacional de las mujeres, feminismo, bolcheviques, activismo femenino y feminista.Summary: Starting with a review of the historiographical debate about women and the Russian Revolution, this paper deals with the role that Russian feminists, the ravnopravki, played in the fight for the equal rights of women. Through some of the protagonists of feminist associations, the focus is on the Suffragist movement that was gaining momentum at a key moment for the Russian Empire between 1905 and 1917. Going from one revolution to another, from one Sunday to another (1905-1917), the analysis relies on the existing, though not-so-abundant literature and explores the ways in which women participated in the outbreak of the February Revolution, on 23 February or 8 March 1917, depending on the calendar adopted for International Women’s Day, which was disputed between Bolsheviks and feminists. Finally, consideration is given to another important date in the history of the revolutionary role of the movement of Russian women and its description in historiography, 19 March 1917, when 40,000 women marched down the Nevsky Prospect under the slogan: Equality for women! and obtained universal suffrage from the new Provisional Government.Key words: ravnopravki, International Women’s Day, feminism, Bolsheviks, feminine and feminist activism.
Gli uomini servono le donne a tavola. Rappresentazioni di genere nell’emigrazione antifascista italiana in URSS = Men waiting on women’s tables: Gender representation in antifascist emigration in the USSR
Authors: Gabrielli Patrizia
Published: September 2019

Sinopsi: A ridosso del 1917 per molte socialiste e successivamente per le comuniste, Il Paese dei Soviet si afferma quale modello politico da imitare anche per quanto concerne la parità di genere. Un ruolo che l’Urss mantiene ben saldo esercitando, anche sotto questo profilo, un indubbio fascino sull’emigrazione femminile antifascista. Partendo da queste premesse, il saggio si articola in due parti.Il primo e il secondo paragrafo delineano le principali coordinate del dibattito sull’emancipazione, si soffermano sui caratteri del nuovo modelo femminile e sulla fondazione di una nuova tradizione femminista che trova nel simbolo dell’8 marzo la propria legittimazione. Il terzo parágrafo si concentra, invece, sulla circolazione e l’assimilazione del modello femminile sovietico da parte delle militanti. Le lettere dall’Urss, in special modo, confermano una fedele adesione all’immagine della donna nuova che si riflette sull’autorappresentazione delle militanti, le quali spesso ancora ignare delle condanne subite negli anni del Terrore staliniano, informano entusiaste familiari e amici sulle opportunità e sulla autonomia acquisita. L’esperienza migratoria ebbe però in molti casi risvolti tragici e molte militanti finirono nella fitta rete della repressione staliniana.Parole chiave: mito soviético, stampa femminile socialista e comunista, emancipazione femminile, emigrazione femminile antifascista, lettere.Summary: Just prior to 1917, for many socialists and later for the communists, The Soviet Country was a political role model to be emulated, even in terms of gender equality. Not only did the USSR continue resolutely to exercise this role, but it also harboured an undoubted fascination on women’s antifascist emigration.Starting from these premises, this essay is divided into two parts. It starts by articulating the main topics of the debate on emancipation. This focuses on the features of the new women’s status and the constitution of a new feminist tradition that finds its legitimacy in the symbol of 8 March. It then moves to focus on the spread and the assimilation of the Soviet women’s model among activists. In particular, letters coming from the USSR confirm a faithful adherence to the image of the new woman which is reflected on the self-representation of militants. Communist and socialist women, who were often unaware of the sentences suffered during the years of Stalinist Terror, enthusiastically inform relatives and friends about the opportunities and independence acquired. In many cases, however, migration led to tragic consequences, and several militants were victims of the Stalinist repression.Key words: Soviet myth, Socialist and Communist women’s Press, women’s emancipation, women’s antifascist Emigration, letters.
Una revisión historiográfica sobre el culto a la domus imperatoria: siglos XX y XXI = A historiographical review of the cult of domus imperatoria during the 20th and 21st centuries
Authors: Alarcón Hernández Carmen
Published: September 2019

Resumen: El trabajo presenta una revisión historiográfica del culto a los emperadores romanos y su domus en las publicaciones más destacadas de los siglos XX y XXI principalmente. Se aborda un análisis que comienza con el examen de las aportaciones más importantes sobre la materia, de la centuria pasada, que pueden enmarcarse en el paradigma positivista, y finaliza con la influencia de las concepciones postmodernas en el estudio de la adoración a los emperadores. Así, se pretende mostrar de qué modo la interpretación del culto imperial está ligada tanto a la adscripción a determinadas escuelas historiográficas, como a las posturas individuales de cada historiador, marcadas por sus propias convicciones religiosas.Palabras clave: culto imperial, domus imperatoria, historiografía, paradigma interpretativo, religión romana.Abstract: This document presents a historiographical review of the most relevant publications in the 20th and 21st centuries in the cult to the Roman emperors and their domus. The study begins with an examination of the most important contributions on the subject matter that can be framed in the positivist paradigm and ends by exploring the influence of postmodern conceptions in the studies on emperor worship. The paper thereby aims to explain how the interpretation of the imperial cult is linked to both the affiliation with certain historiographical schools and to the individual positions of historians, marked by their own religious convictions.Key words: imperial cult, domus imperatoria, historiography, interpretative paradigm, Roman religion.
La Historiografía sobre la Real Universidad de México y sus contextos = Royal University of Mexico: historiography and context
Authors: Martínez Hernández Gerardo
Published: September 2019

Resumen: El presente ensayo hace un breve repaso por cuatro etapas historiográficas sobre la Real Universidad de México, que van desde la etapa colonial hasta los inicios del siglo XXI. También explica cada una de dichas etapas dentro de su contexto y señala las diferentes líneas de investigación y obras clave en este desarrollo historiográfico. Asimismo, para el caso de la historiografía más reciente, se hace énfasis en los grupos de historiadores dedicados al estudio de las universidades en México y España y el intercambio académico que han sostenido en las últimas décadas.Palabras clave: Historiografía, Real Universidad, Nueva España.Abstract: This essay briefly recounts four historiographical phases of the Royal University of Mexico, starting from the colonial period and ending at the beginning of the 21st century. It also places each of the four phases in its respective context and points to the different research and key works in the historiographical development. Likewise, in the case of the most recent historiography, it refers to research groups dedicated to studying the history of the universities in Mexico and Spain and the academic exchanges that have occurred in recent decades.Key words: Historiography, Royal University of Mexico, New Spain.
Precedentes de la institucionalización de la Historia del Arte en España: los estudios histórico-artísticos en el siglo XIX = Precedents of the institutionalisation of Art History in Spain: Historical and artistic studies in the 19th century
Authors: Tena Ramírez Carmen de
Published: September 2019

Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer una visión general acerca de los estudios histórico-artísticos realizados y publicados en España a lo largo del siglo XIX, así como poner de manifiesto que estos trabajos dieron base y fundamento a la posterior institucionalización de la Historia del Arte en la universidad española a comienzos de la centuria siguiente. Comenzamos nuestro texto con un estado de la cuestión para subrayar la necesidad de acometer esta clase de estudios; seguidamente exponemos una amplia perspectiva diacrónica sobre las circunstancias históricas que rodearon la práctica historiográfica del siglo XIX, sus características y quiénes fueron sus artífices. Terminamos este trabajo con una breve reflexión acerca del alcance de la investigación decimonónica y sus efectos en la institucionalización de la Historia del Arte en España.Palabras clave: historiografía artística, historia de la Historia del Arte en España, Restauración borbónica, Historia del Arte y Arqueología, fuentes para la Historia del Arte.Abstract: This articles aims chiefly to provide an overview of the historical-artistic studies carried out and published in Spain throughout the 19th century and to show that these works provided the basis and foundation for the subsequent institutionalisation of Art History in Spanish universities in the early 20th century. It begins with a summary underlining the need for this kind of study, then paints a broad diachronic perspective on the historical circumstances surrounding the historiographic practice of the 19th century, its characteristics and its writers. It ends with a brief consideration of the scope of 19th century research and its effects on the institutionalisation of Art History in Spain.Key words: Art Historiography, history of Art History in Spain, Bourbon restoration, Art History and Archaeology, Sources for Art History.
Análises de cumarinas em derivados de citrus utilizando cromatografia gasosa de alta resolução com sistemas de detecção por ionização de chama e espectrometria de massas
Authors: Vila Nova Paulo César Cavalcante , Vilegas Janete Harumi Yariwake , Lanças Fernando Mauro , De Arruda Eduardo José , De Oliveira Lincoln Carlos Silva
Published: September 2019

As  plantas  cítricas,  em  especial  a  laranja,  possuem grande  importância  para  a  economia  brasileira, com destaque à região Sudeste do país. Os óleos essenciais de Citrus constituem um dos mais importantes grupos de matérias primas para várias indústrias, principalmente as de alimentos, farmacêuticas e de perfumaria. Na área de alimentos, o óleo essencial de laranja  é  usado  para  realçar  o  “flavor”  do  suco  e exportado para o exterior, mais especificamente para os Estados Unidos (principal consumidor). Neste trabalho desenvolveu-se uma metodologia analítica para identificação e quantificação de cumarinas                em derivados de plantas cítricas (óleos, ceras) utilizando-se técnicas   cromatográficas   tais   como   cromatografia gasosa de alta resolução com sistema de detecção por ionização de chama (HRGC-FID) e sistema de detecção por espectrometria   de massas   (HRGC-MS).   Os resultados obtidos na análise  qualitativa utilizando o sistema HRGC-MS empregando o monitoramento do íon seletivo (SIM) indicaram a presença de cumarina nas amostras de óleo essencial e na amostra de cera foi detectada a presença de cumarina e de psoraleno. As análises   quantitativas   empregando   os   métodos   do padrão  externo,  padrão  interno  e  adição  de  padrão apresentaram bons resultados, em especial o método do padrão interno, o qual apresentou maior repetibilidade.
PEDAGOJİK FORMASYON EĞİTİMİ ALAN ÖĞRENCİLERİN ÇEVREYE YÖNELİK DAVRANIŞ VE DÜŞÜNCELERİNİN CİNSİYETE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DURKAN Nazmi
Published: September 2019

Araştırmanın amacı, pedagojik formasyon eğitimi alan öğrencilerin çevreye yönelik davranış ve düşüncelerinin cinsiyete göre incelenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda araştırmanın alt amaçları şunlardır: Pedagojik formasyon eğitimi alan öğrencilerin çevreye yönelik davranış düzeyleri cinsiyete göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı şekilde farklılaşmakta mıdır? Pedagojik formasyon eğitimi alan öğrencilerin çevreye yönelik düşünce düzeyleri cinsiyete göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı şekilde farklılaşmakta mıdır? Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Örneklem grubunda basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemiyle 159 (%72,6) kadın, 60 (%27,4) erkek olmak üzere 219 yetişkin çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Çevresel Tutum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada ölçme aracı, öğrenciler tarafından bireysel olarak doldurulmuştur. Veri analizi yöntemi olarak Bağımsız Gruplar için T Testi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre pedagojik formasyon eğitimi alan öğrencilerin çevreye yönelik davranış düzeyleri cinsiyete göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık göstermemektedir. Çevresel düşünme açısından örneklem grubunda cinsiyete göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı düzeyde farklılık belirlenmiştir. Erkek öğrencilerin çevreye yönelik düşünme düzeylerinin kadın öğrencilere göre daha yüksek düzeyde olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Sonraki araştırmalarda, daha geniş bir örneklem grubuyla cinsiyetin yanı sıra meslek, medeni durum, çocuk sahibi olma/olmama gibi değişkenlerle birlikte inceleme yapılabilir.
Improvement of Methane Combustion Activity for Pd/ZrO2 Catalyst by Simple Reduction/Re-oxidation Treatment
Authors: Kim Chansong , Hong Eunpyo , Shin Chae-Ho
Published: September 2019

The improvement of the methane combustion activity was observed in cyclic temperature-programmed and isothermal reactions over Pd/ZrO2 catalysts by simple reduction/re-oxidation treatment. The catalytic activity increased during the initial stages of isothermal reaction, and the light-off temperature was lowered as the number of cycles increased in the cyclic temperature-programmed reaction. To reveal the origin of activation, variations in the reduction properties after the activation period were carefully investigated through CH4 temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) measurements. From the CH4-TPR results, it was confirmed that the reduction temperature decreased significantly after activation. The observation of the CH4-TPR peak at relatively low temperatures is directly proportional to the catalytic activity of CH4 combustion. It was therefore concluded that repeated reduction/re-oxidation occurred in the reactant stream, and this phenomenon allowed the combustion reaction to proceed more easily at lower temperatures.
Effect of Serum Copper on Circulating Angiogenesis-Related Factors in Women with Preeclampsia
Authors: Nadheer Khalid Najm , Zahraei Zohreh , Al-Hakeim Hussein
Published: September 2019

Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by a series of clinical features such as hypertension and proteinuria associated with endothelial dysfunction and the impairment of placenta vascular endothelial integrity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of serum copper (Cu) level on some angiogenesis-related factors including vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sVEGF-R1), soluble endoglin (sEng) and cerruloplasmin (Cp) in Iraqi women with preeclampsia (PE) and control pregnant women. Therefore, 60 women with PE in addition to 30 healthy pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Serum concentration of sEng, VEGF-A, sVEGF-R1, and Cu in PE group significantly increased (p<0.05) in the PE group compared with that in the control group. Increased production of antiangiogenic factors, soluble VEGF-A and sEng contribute to the pathophysiology of PE, indicating the involvement of these parameters in the angiogenic balance in patients with PE. Tests for between-subject effects showed that the circulating angiogenesis factors and Cu were significantly associated with the presence of PE. Serum Cu level was significantly correlated with VEGF- A and VEGF-R1 levels but not with sEng. Multiple regression analysis revealed that only Cp and BP can significantly predict the complications in women with PE. In conclusion, serum Cu has a role in the angiogenesis in women with PE and may be a new drug target in the prevention or treatment of PE.
Study of Tool Wear Process in the Dry Turning of Al-Cu Alloy
Authors: Batista Moises , Del Sol Irene , Gomez-Parra Alvaro , Ramirez-Peña Magadalena , Salguero Jorge
Published: September 2019

Light alloys machining is a widely implemented process that have usually used in presence of cutting fluids to reduce the wear impact and increase tool life. However, current environmental protection policies require their elimination in order to improve process sustainability. This fact forces to work under aggressive cutting conditions, producing adhesion wear that affects the integrity of the part surface. This study describes cutting tool wear mechanisms in machining of UNS A92024 samples under dry cutting conditions. EDS analysis showed the different composition of the adhered layers, while roughness was also positively affected by the change of the cutting geometry produced in the tool.
Mitigation Effect of Seismic Acceleration of Nuclear Power Plant Electric Cabinet Using Tuned Mass Damper under Earthquakes
Authors: Chang Seongkyu , Cho Sung Gook
Published: September 2019

In this study, a tuned mass damper is proposed as a seismic acceleration mitigating technique of an electrical cabinet inside the nuclear power plant. In order to know the mitigation performance, the electrical cabinet and the tuned mass damper were modeled using SAP2000. The sine sweep wave was used to confirm the vibration characteristics of the cabinet over a wide frequency range, and the several various earthquakes were applied to the cabinet to verify the control performance of the tuned mass damper. After analyzing the numerical results, it is summarized that the application of the proposed technique can reduce the acceleration response of the cabinet.
Os direitos fundamentais em tempos de crise econômica
Authors: Carvalho Osvaldo Ferreira de
Published: September 2019

O artigo propõe examinar os direitos fundamentais em contexto de crise econômica. Objetiva–se elucidar o debilitamento do Estado ante a escassez de recursos para a realização e garantia dos direitos, sobretudo os sociais. O método de pesquisa empregado é o sistêmico, porquanto se interpreta a Constituição como um todo harmônico, assim como busca–se contextualizar historicamente a origem do Estado Social e seu enfraquecimento e que as variáveis políticas e econômicas se articulam entre si com a realidade constitucional. Finaliza–se ao afirmar que os direitos sociais afiguram–se como incapazes de avançar na economia capitalista ante a incapacidade financeira e técnica do atual Estado Social em atender as múltiplas demandas sociais.
Silêncio, eficiência e eficácia nas administrações municipais brasileiras
Authors: Corralo Giovani Da Silva
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho científico objetiva refletir sobre a eficiência e eficácia nas administrações municipais, especialmente com a aferição de efeito ao silêncio administrativo no exercício da polícia administrativa.  Utiliza-se o método hipotético-dedutivo.  Para tanto, estuda-se a eficiência e eficácia na administração pública brasileira a fim de compreender a sua normatividade.  Segue-se com a análise do silêncio e seus efeitos, como também da manifestação do início de atividades, com foco nas licenças para construir e de localização e funcionamento, ambas marcadas por elevada vinculação.  Conclui-se pela possibilidade da aferição do efeito de deferimento tácito ao silêncio da administração para as licenças de construir e de localização e funcionamento, como também a manifestação de início de atividades no último caso, a conduzir a maior eficiência e eficácia para a administração pública, o que deve estar normatizado na legislação local.
Dynamic changes and genotypic variations of nitrogen concentration and remobilization for 20 tea plant (Camellia sinensis) cultivars throughout growing seasons
Authors: Zhang Yange , Ye Xiangsheng , Zhang Xinwan , Huang Wei , Zhao Hua , Ni Dejiang
Published: September 2019

Background: Tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is an evergreen perennial plant and characterized by a high nitrogen (N) requirement. There are roundly bud sprouting and leaves development for plucking and pruning annually, leading to continuous and substantial amount of N removal. Appropriate level of N application is closely related with high yield and top quality, therefore understanding the underlying mechanism is very crucial for development of optimized tea garden management practices according to genotypes’ requirement. Results: This study aimed to assess variation for dynamic N concentration, N remobilization efficiency (NRE) and N utilization efficiency (NUtE) changes during growing seasons among 20 tea plant cultivars at sufficient N level. The average N concentration varied between 31.05 and 44.2 g kg -1 in one bud with two leaves, between 22.67 and 29.42 g kg -1 in leaves attached to green-red stems, between 20.79 and 24.57 g kg -1 respectively. The dynamic changes of N concentration represented different profiles of ‘S’, ‘U’ and ‘S-like’-shape respectively. Specific NRE defined here is dependent on the development rounds and accompanied with N fluxes between leaves compartments. Nevertheless, the rates and order of N remobilization were inconsistent among genotypes during the entire growing seasons, which might be affected by the amount of N requirement and managed at whole plant level. The dynamic changes of average NUtE among cultivars followed an ‘S’-shape. NUtE addressed here was special for harvestable part and lower NUtE is highly associated with tea quality. Conclusions: The result revealed the annual growing rhythm and physiological character related with N indices, which was related with the amount and optimal time for N fertilization requirement dependent on tea plant genotype. An optimized NUtE should be optimized by combination of tea garden management and breeding practices to achieve economic benefit, N use efficiency and sustainable development.
Effect of core materials for core fabrication for dental Implants on in-vitro cytocompatibility of MC3T3-E1 cells
Authors: Park Jung-Hyun , Lee Hyun , Kang Seen-Young , Kim Junesun , Kim Ji-Hwan
Published: September 2019

Background: Despite the wide use of dental materials for CAD/CAM system in prosthetic treatment, the effect of the materials, which are used as dental implants core fabricated, on cells involved in dental implant osseointegration is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effect of single core materials used for dental implants fabricated by the dental prostheses fabrication process and the CAD/CAM milling method on MC3T3-E1 cells. Methods: The materials used for prostheses restoration in this experiment were Porcelain Fused Gold (P.F.G), Lithium disilicate glass ceramic (LiSi 2 ), Zirconia (ZrO 2 ), Nickel-Chromium (Ni-Cr) and Cobalt-Chromium (Co-Cr). MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured and used, the cell adhesion and morphology were observed and analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Methoxyphenyl tetrazolium salt (MTS) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay were used to observe the cell proliferation and differentiation. Results: CLSM revealed irregular cell adhesion and morphology and the filopodia did not spread in the Ni-Cr specimen group. Significantly high cell proliferation was observed in the ZrO 2 specimen group. The LiSi 2 specimen group presented significantly high cell differentiation. Intergroup comparison of cell proliferation and differentiation between the Ni-Cr specimen group and all other specimen groups showed significant differences (p < .05). Conclusion: Cell proliferation and differentiation were observed from the cores, which were fabricated with all specimen groups on cytocompatibility except the Ni-Cr specimen group.
Identification of novel biomarkers and prognostic value of the location (head, body, or tail) of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Han Shuwen , Yang Xi , Xu Jiamin , Wu Wei , Liu Jin
Published: September 2019

Objective : This study was designed to identify the differentially expressed mRNA, microRNA (miRNA), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and their functions in pancreatic cancer (PC).

Methods: The expression data of PC and normal samples were downloaded from the GEO database. The expression data of pancreatic head (H), body (B), and tail (T) were downloaded from the TCGA database. After data preprocessing, the differential analyses between PC vs. Normal, H vs. B, H vs. T, and T vs. B were performed. Overlapping genes between PC vs. Normal and the different locations (the union of genes among T vs. B, T vs. H, and B vs. H) were selected. The competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network was constructed based on co-expression analysis and prediction of targets, followed by functional enrichment analysis. Construction of an mRNA prognosis risk model and screening of prognostic factors were performed using Cox univariate/multivariate regression analysis, followed by Nomogram model construction. Finally, the gene-drug interactions were predicted for the DE-mRNA.

Results: A five-mRNA prognostic model (GRHL2+CACNA1A+GRM1+UPK1B+PKHD1) was constructed, and the risk score was relatively increased with the increased expression of the GRHL2, PKHD1, and UPK1B, and the decreased expression of CACNA1A and GRM1. Compared with pancreatic body/tail cancer, the expression of GRHL2 was increased, while the expression of CACNA1A and GRM1 was decreased in pancreatic head cancer. LncRNA AC006369.2-miR-146a-5p-CACNA1A/GRM1 was a regulatory axis in the ceRNA network. Verapamil was predicted to be an antagonist of CACNA1A.

Conclusion: Our results provide a new direction for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of PC and for investigating the mechanism of PC.
Primary fallopian tube carcinoma: a single-institution retrospective study of 57 cases
Authors: Ma Zhihua , Gao Li , Li Han , Xue Yan
Published: September 2019

Background In order to identify the characteristics and factors affecting the treatment and prognosis of primary fallopian tube cancer(PFTC),we analyzed the clinical profile of PFTC in the past 10 years in our hospital, which is center in Western China. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 57 patients diagnosed as PFTC at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from past ten years. The clinical index and a Cox proportional hazards model was used for univariate and multivariate survival analyses. Results The mean age of PFTC at diagnosis was 57.35±9.01 years. Palpable pelvic and/or abdominal mass (68.4%) was the main clinical symptom. Preoperatively, 80.7% patients were misdiagnosed with ovarian cancer, and 43.8% of patients were at stage III. 26 patients were relapsed at the median of 18.5 (3-83) months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 15.4%, and the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 11.5%. Additionally, univariate analysis showed that tumor stage and size of residual tumor were both related to 5-year OS and DFS. While level of serum carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125) pre-treatment was only related to DFS. The Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that residual tumor size was the only independent factor related to both 5-year OS and DFS. Conclusions PFTC is a more common malignancy at post-menopause stage in women. The symptoms are not typical in most case and often diagnose at late clinical stage. Tumor stage, level of CA125, and residual lesion size affected the disease-free survival or/ and overall survival. Trial registration Not applicable.
Alcohol and drug use disorders among adults with ADHD: Prevalence and associations with ADHD symptom severity and emotional dysregulation.
Authors: ANKER Espen , Haavik Jan , Heir Trond
Published: September 2019

Background High risk of substance use disorders (SUD) in people with ADHD calls for exploratory research. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and drug use disorder (DUD) in a clinical sample of adults with ADHD, and to examine their association with ADHD symptom severity and emotional dysregulation (ED).Methods The study sample consisted of patients who were admitted to a private psychiatric outpatient clinic in Oslo between 2014 and 2018. Out of 612 patients diagnosed with ADHD, 585 (96.5%) agreed to participate in the study. ADHD was diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria. AUD and DUD were diagnosed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). ADHD severity was assessed by the Adult ADHD Self Report Scale (ASRS). Emotional Dysregulation (ED) was assessed by the eight-item version of Barkley’s Current Behavior Scale - Self Report (CBS-SR).Results The 12-month prevalence of AUD and DUD was 5.3% and 13.7%, respectively. The lifetime prevalence was 12.0% for AUD and 27.7% for DUD. A history of DUD, but not AUD, was positively associated with hyperactivity-impulsivity ADHD core symptoms, as well as ED.Conclusions The prevalence of lifetime DUD among patients with ADHD is high and associated with higher levels of hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, as well as ED. It is important to consider comorbid DUD in adult ADHD patients, particularly among individuals with high levels of hyperactivity-impulsivity ADHD core symptoms or ED.
Effect of prior receipt of antibiotics on the pathogen distribution: a retrospective observational study on 27 792 patients
Authors: Li Leiqing , Xu Lingcheng , Zhu Rongsheng , Song Jiaojiao , Wang Xuanding
Published: September 2019

Background There have been no systematic studies of microbiological differences before and after antibiotics treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prior receipt of antibiotics on the microorganism distribution.Methods A retrospective, observational study patients was conducted in a 3,200-bed tertiary, referral, teaching hospital in eastern China. During a 2-year period, all hospitalized patients treated with antimicrobial agents were enrolled in this study. Among 48,692 patients evaluated, the 27,792 (57.1%) who were sampled within two days before or after administration of the first dose of antimicrobial agents were included. Distribution of clinical specimens and the microorganism were compared between before and after antibiotic drug treatment groups.Results Compared to specimens taken after antibiotics exposure, specimens taken before antibiotics exposure had a higher proportion of blood and urine specimens and a higher culture positive rate (all P <0.001). Higher percentages of Staphylococcus aureus (9.9% vs. 8.5%, P =0.041), non-fermenting bacteria (27.7% vs. 19.9%, P <0.001), and fungi (7.9% vs. 3.6%, P <0.001) were isolated from the group after antibiotics exposure, while the percentages of Streptococcus spp. (4.8% vs. 2.7%, P <0.001), Haemophilus influenzae (2.3% vs. 0.8%, P <0.001), and Moraxella catarrhalis (0.7% vs. 0.1%, P <0.001) were higher in the group before antibiotics exposure. Further analysis found significant differences or different rank orders of microbes derived from respiratory secretions, blood or urine samples, but no statistical difference was found for microbes isolated from body fluid specimens between the two groups.Conclusions The outcome revealed that antibiotic-insensitive organisms such as non-fermentative bacteria and fungi were more frequently isolated after antibiotics exposure. However, this trend might be specimen dependent and was not obvious in body fluid specimens.
Efficacy and tolerability of DAAs in HCV-monoinfected and HCV/HIV-coinfected patients with psychiatric disorders
Authors: de Gennaro Nicolò , Diella Lucia , Monno Laura , Angarano Gioacchino , Milella Michele , Saracino Annalisa
Published: September 2019

Background few data are available regarding use of direct antiviral agents (DAAs) for chronic hepatitis C in psychiatric patients. The aim of the study is to assess safety and outcome of DAAs in patients with psychiatric comorbidities.Methods this retrospective, observational, single-centre study enrolled patients treated with psychiatric drugs who initiated DAAs between 2015-2018. Patients were classified into two groups: A (on anxiolitycs/antidepressant) and B (on antipsychotics). Week-12 sustained virological response (SVR-12) and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated.Results 144 patients were included (A:101; B:43). Patients were 49.3% males, mean age 60 years (SD±13.5); 31.9% cirrhotic; 125 (86.8%) HCV-monoinfected and 19 (13.2%) HIV/HCV-coinfected. Twenty patients (13.8%) required a change of psychiatric therapy before DAAs-initiation. Overall, SVR-12 was achieved in 88.2% of subjects in intention-to-treat(ITT)-analysis. Lower SVR rates were observed in group B vs A (79% vs 92%, p=0.045) and in those changing psychiatric drugs vs others (30% vs 8%, p=0.015). At least one AE occurred in 60 patients (41.6%), including 10 SAEs, leading to 3 discontinuations. AEs were more frequently reported in group A (p=0.015).Conclusions the study confirms effectiveness and safety of DAA-based treatment also in this special population, even if a careful evaluation of history and drug-drug interactions is warranted.
High Prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase genes High Prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase genes Among Carbapenem-resistant Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in China
Authors: Liao Wenjian , Li Dan , Wei Dan Dan , Du Fang-lin , Long Dan , Zhang Wei , Liu Yang
Published: September 2019

Background : the existence of 16S rRNA methylase genes would increase treatment difficulty of patients infected with CR-hvKP strains, this study was aimed to testify the prevalence of the 16S rRNA methylase genes genes in the CR-hvKP strains in China.Methods : Thirty-nine carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) isolates collected from a Chinese hospital during the whole year of 2018 were evaluated to characterize the prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase genes. Results : In tatal 66.7% (26/39) of the CR-hvKP isolates were found to carry 16S rRNA methylase genes, and the most frequently detected gene was armA (11,42.3%), followed by rmtB (8,30.8%),and 7 CR-hvKP strains were found to carry both armA and rmtB (26.9%). All the clinical isolates were found to carry at least one carbapenemase gene,with KPC-2 (79.5%,31/39), NDM-1 (10.3%,4/39), and cocarrying KPC-2 and NDM-1 (10.3%,4/39). A total of 89.7% (35/39) isolates carried ESBL genes, including 61.5% (24/39) blaSHV-1 ,71.8% (28/39) blaTEM-1 and 89.7% (35/39) blaCTX-M-1 4. All except four isolates (89.7%,35/39) harbored PMQR genes,with qnrS (82.1%,32/39), aac(6’)-Ib-cr (79.5%,31/39), qnrB (2.6%,1/39).All the 16S rRNA methylase genes-positive CR-hvKP strains were firstly found to cocarry carbapenemase genes, ESBL genes and PMQR genes simultaneously. The most prevalent virulence genes were rmpA2 and entB (100%, 39/39),followed by silS (97.4%, 38/39), ybtS (94.9%, 37/39), iutA (92.3%, 36/39), kpn (92.3%, 36/39), rmpA (87.2%, 34/39), terW (84.6%, 33/39), aerobactin (23.1%, 9/39), repA (17.9%, 7/39), magA (10.3%, 4/39), kfuB C (10.3%, 4/39), w ca G (10.3%, 4/39), allS (10.3%, 4/39). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis assigned the 39 CR-hvKP isolates into 4 sequence types (STs), with ST11 encompassing 79.5% of the strains. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing showed that strains closely related by MLST clustered in major PFGE clusters, of which cluster A accounts for 31 ST11 isolates.The analysis of the transconjugants showed a high-level aminoglycoside resistance and a popular cotransfer of bla KPC-2 with the 16S rRNA methylase genes.Conclusions : 16S rRNA methylase genes are highly prevalent in CR-hvKP clinical isolates especially for ST11, it is therefore critical to continuously monitor the 16S rRNA methylase-producing CR-hvKP epidemiology and minimize potential risks from aminoglycoside -resistant CR-hvKP.
Ultrasonography to Assess Suspected Bone Fractures: Beliefs and Usage in General Practice in Germany – A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Schmid Gordian Lukas , Kühnast Beatrice , Heise Marcus , Deutsch Tobias , Frese Thomas
Published: September 2019

Background: Over the last two decades, ultrasonography (US) has been shown to be an accurate tool for the diagnosis of suspected bone fractures; however, the conditions for integrating this usage of US into general practice need to be specified. In this study, we surveyed German general practitioners (GPs) to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and utilization of US for the diagnosis of suspected fractures. Methods: Notification of the study, a self-designed questionnaire, and a reminder were sent by mail to 600 randomly selected GPs in Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt. Results: The response rate was 47.7% (n=286), and respondents did not differ from the population of all GPs in respect to sex and practice type. Of all GPs surveyed, 48.6% used an US device in their practice. On average, GPs diagnosed six patients with suspected fractures per month, yet only 39.3% knew about the possibility of ultrasonographic fracture diagnosis, and only 4.3% of GPs using US utilized it for this purpose. Among participants, 71.9% believed that US is inferior to conventional X-rays for the diagnosis of bony injuries. Users of US were better informed of and used this imaging modality more often for fracture diagnosis than non-users. Conclusion: The need to rule out possible fractures frequently arises in general practice, and US devices are broadly available. Further efforts are needed to improve the knowledge and attitudes of GPs regarding the accuracy of US for fracture diagnosis. Multicenter controlled trials could explore the usefulness and effectiveness of this seldom used diagnostic approach.
A Rodentibacter heylii strain lacking all known RTX toxin genes is highly virulent in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice in contrast to Muribacter muris
Authors: Kähl Sophie , Fornefett Juliane , Fingas Felix , Klose Kristin , Benga Laurentiu , Grunwald Thomas , Baums Christoph Georg
Published: September 2019

Background
Rodentibacter (R.) heylii and Muribacter (M.) muris are frequently detected in laboratory rodents. Repeats in toxin (RTX) toxins are considered to be important virulent factors in R. pneumotropicus and R. heylii. As many R. heylii isolates do not carry genes encoding known RTX toxins we hypothesized that these isolates are at the most moderately virulent or even avirulent as M. muris . To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the virulence of R. heylii and M. muris strains negative for all known RTX toxin genes in experimental infections of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice.
Results
Experimental intranasal infection with 10 8 colony forming units (CFU) of a pnx I-, pnx II- and pnx III-negative R. heylii strain resulted in 75% and 100% mortality of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, respectively. Infections of multiple internal organs such as lung and genito-urinary tract were recorded. Purulent bronchopneumonia was a common finding in lungs of early losses. Application of 10 4 CFU of the same R. heylii strain was neither associated with clinical signs nor dissemination, but with efficient colonization of the upper respiratory tract. Intranasal application of M. muris in different doses ranging from 10 4 to 10 8 CFU did not result in mortality or severe weight loss but efficient colonization and induction of systemic M. muris specific IgG in most animals.
Conclusion
The current study reveals high virulence of R. heylii strain SF27GVG carrying none of the known RTX toxin genes in wildtype mice. This result questions the validity of estimating virulence in the genus Rodentibacter by profiling of pnx toxin genes. Suitable colonization models for future investigations were established for R. heylii and M. muris . Application of M. muris was associated with a systemic IgG immune response and cultural detection in draining lymph nodes in most animals indicating infection and not sole colonization.