bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triple plasmon-induced transparency and optical switch desensitized to polarized light based on a mono-layer metamaterial
Authors: Liu Zhimin , Zhang Xiao , Zhou Fengqi , Luo Xin , Zhang Zhenbin , Qin Yipeng , Zhuo Shanshan , Gao Enduo , Li Hongjian , Yi Zao
Published: April 2021

A mono-layer metamaterial comprising four graphene-strips and one graphene-square-ring is proposed herein to realize triple plasmon-induced transparency (PIT). Theoretical results based on the coupled mode theory (CMT) are in agreement with the simulation results obtained using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD). An optical switch is investigated based on the characteristics of graphene dynamic modulation, with modulation degrees of the amplitude of 90.1%, 80.1%, 94.5%, and 84.7% corresponding to 1.905 THz, 2.455 THz, 3.131 THz, and 4.923 THz, respectively. Moreover, the proposed metamaterial is insensitive to the change in the angle of polarized light, for which the triple-PIT is equivalent in the cases of both x- and y-polarized light. The optical switch based on the proposed structure is effective not only for the linearly polarized light in different directions but also for left circularly polarized and right circularly polarized light. As such, this work provides insight into the design of optoelectronic devices based on the polarization characteristics of the incident light field on the optical switch and PIT.
10  kHz two-color OH PLIF thermometry using a single burst-mode OPO
Authors: Hsu Paul S. , Jiang Naibo , Felver Josef J. , Lauriola Daniel K. , Danehy Paul M. , Roy Sukesh
Published: April 2021

10-kHz hydroxyl radical (OH) two-color planar laser-induced fluorescence (TC-PLIF) thermometry was demonstrated with a single burst-mode optical parametric oscillator (OPO) and a single camera. A fast, dual-wavelength switched seed laser enabled a high-energy, high-repetition-rate burst-mode laser to generate two 10-kHz pulse trains at wavelengths of

∼

354.8

n
m

. The two pulse trains are colinear with 3 µs time interval between the pulse pairs. The injection-seeded OPO efficiently converts the burst-mode laser output to 285.62 and 285.67 nm to excite the

Q

2

(

12

)

and

P

1

(

8

)

OH transitions. PLIF images were collected from each of the two excitation transitions, and intensity ratios from the images were used to determine local temperatures. The development of fast, dual-wavelength switching, burst-mode OPO technology significantly reduces the experimental complexity of the high-speed TC-PLIF thermometry and simplifies its implementation in harsh combustion and flow test facilities.
Emotional imagination of negative situations: Functional neuroimaging in anorexia and bulimia
Authors: D’Agata Federico , Caroppo Paola , Spalatro Angela , Lavagnino Luca , Abbate Daga Giovanni , Boghi Andrea , Bergui Mauro , Cicerale Alessandro , Vitiello Benedetto , Fassino Secondo , Derntl Birgit , Amianto Federico
Published: April 2021

Aim

The present study aims to extend the knowledge of the neural correlates of emotion processing in first episode subjects affected by anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN). We applied an emotional distress paradigm targeting negative emotions thought to be relevant for interpersonal difficulties and therapeutic resistance mechanisms.

Methods

The current study applied to 44 female participants with newly diagnosed AN or BN and 20 matched controls a neuroimaging paradigm eliciting affective responses. The measurements also included an extensive assessment comprising clinical scales, neuropsychological tests, measures of emotion processing and empathy.

Results

AN and BN did not differ from controls in terms of emotional response, emotion matching, self-reported empathy and cognitive performance. However, eating disorder and psychopathological clinical scores, as well as alexithymia levels, were increased in AN and BN. On a neural level, no significant group differences emerged, even when focusing on a region of interest selected a priori: the amygdala. Some interesting findings put in relation the hippocampal activity with the level of Body Dissatisfaction of the participants, the relative importance of the key nodes for the common network in the decoding of different emotions (BN = right amygdala, AN = anterior cingulate area), and the qualitative profile of the deactivations.

Conclusions

Our data do not support the hypothesis that participants with AN or BN display reduced emotional responsiveness. However, peculiar characteristics in emotion processing could be associated to the three different groups. Therefore, relational difficulties in eating disorders, as well as therapeutic resistance, could be not secondary to a simple difficulty in feeling and identifying basic negative emotions in AN and BN participants.
Complete mitogenome of endemic plum-headed parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala – characterization and phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Dey Prateek , Sharma Sanjeev Kumar , Sarkar Indrani , Ray Swapna Devi , Pramod Padmanabhan , Kochiganti Venkata Hanumat Sastry , Quadros Goldin , Rathore Saurabh Singh , Singh Vikram , Singh Ram Pratap
Published: April 2021

Psittacula cyanocephala is an endemic parakeet from the Indian sub-continent that is widespread in the illegal bird trade. Previous studies on Psittacula parakeets have highlighted taxonomic ambiguities, warranting studies to resolve the issues. Since the mitochondrial genome provides useful information concerning the species evolution and phylogenetics, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of P. cyanocephala using NGS, validated 38.86% of the mitogenome using Sanger Sequencing and compared it with other available whole mitogenomes of Psittacula. The complete mitogenome of the species was 16814 bp in length with 54.08% AT composition. P. cyanocephala mitogenome comprises of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs. P. cyanocephala mitogenome organization was consistent with other Psittacula mitogenomes. Comparative codon usage analysis indicated the role of natural selection on Psittacula mitogenomes. Strong purifying selection pressure was observed maximum on nad1 and nad4l genes. The mitochondrial control region of all Psittacula species displayed the ancestral avian CR gene order. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the Psittacula genus as paraphyletic nature, containing at least 4 groups of species within the same genus, suggesting its taxonomic reconsideration. Our results provide useful information for developing forensic tests to control the illegal trade of the species and scientific basis for phylogenetic revision of the genus Psittacula.
The association between male involvement in institutional delivery and women’s use of institutional delivery in Debre Tabor town, North West Ethiopia: Community based survey
Authors: Tessema Kassanesh Melese , Mihirete Kebadnew Mulatu , Mengesha Endalkachew Worku , Nigussie Azezu Asres , Wondie Awoke Giletew
Published: April 2021

Background

Maternal deaths remain high in Ethiopia mainly due to poor maternal health service utilization. Despite men are the chief decision-makers and economically dominant in Ethiopia, the impact of their involvement on maternal health services utilization is not clear. This study aimed to assess the association between male involvement and women’s use of institutional delivery, and factors influencing male partners’ involvement in institutional delivery.

Methods

A community based cross-sectional study was conducted between March and May, 2019. A total of 477 married men who have children less than one year of age were interviewed. Face-to-face interviews using a pre-tested and structured questionnaire were used for data collection. Bivariate and multiple logistic regressions were carried out. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis.

Results

Overall 181 (37.9%) husbands/partners were involved in institutional delivery for the most recent child birth. Male partners involvement in institutional delivery was strongly associated with an increased odds of attending institutional delivery by spouse [AOR: 66.2, 95% CI: 24.8, 177.0]. Education [AOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.18–0.59], knowledge on maternal health [AOR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.11–2.50], favourable attitude towards institutional delivery [AOR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.23–2.71], and no fear while supporting spouse [AOR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.28–5.50] were positively associated with male partners involvement in institutional delivery.

Conclusion

Male partner’s involvement in institutional delivery was inadequate. This study reported a significant beneficial impact of male involvement on maternal health through improved utilisation of institutional delivery. Therefore, maternal health interventions should target husbands as consumers of maternal health services, and healthcare/government policies that isolate or discourage men from having active engagement in maternal health should be improved.
The effect of disagreement on children’s source memory performance
Authors: Mahr Johannes B. , Mascaro Olivier , Mercier Hugo , Csibra Gergely
Published: April 2021

Source representations play a role both in the formation of individual beliefs as well as in the social transmission of such beliefs. Both of these functions suggest that source information should be particularly useful in the context of interpersonal disagreement. Three experiments with an identical design (one original study and two replications) with 3- to 4-year-old-children (N = 100) assessed whether children’s source memory performance would improve in the face of disagreement and whether such an effect interacts with different types of sources (first- vs. second-hand). In a 2 x 2 repeated-measures design, children found out about the contents of a container either by looking inside or being told (IV1). Then they were questioned about the contents of the container by an interlocutor puppet who either agreed or disagreed with their answer (IV2). We measured children’s source memory performance in response to a free recall question (DV1) followed by a forced-choice question (DV2). Four-year-olds (but not three-year-olds) performed better in response to the free recall source memory question (but not the forced-choice question) when their interlocutor had disagreed with them compared to when it had agreed with them. Children were also better at recalling ‘having been told’ than ‘having seen’. These results demonstrate that by four years of age, source memory capacities are sensitive to the communicative context of assertions and serve social functions.
Mutations derived from horseshoe bat ACE2 orthologs enhance ACE2-Fc neutralization of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Mou Huihui , Quinlan Brian D. , Peng Haiyong , Liu Guanqun , Guo Yan , Peng Shoujiao , Zhang Lizhou , Davis-Gardner Meredith E. , Gardner Matthew R. , Crynen Gogce , DeVaux Lindsey B. , Voo Zhi Xiang , Bailey Charles C. , Alpert Michael D. , Rader Christoph , Gack Michaela U. , Choe Hyeryun , Farzan Michael
Published: April 2021

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein mediates infection of cells expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2 is also the viral receptor of SARS-CoV (SARS-CoV-1), a related coronavirus that emerged in 2002–2003. Horseshoe bats (genus Rhinolophus) are presumed to be the original reservoir of both viruses, and a SARS-like coronavirus, RaTG13, closely related to SARS-CoV-2, has been identified in one horseshoe-bat species. Here we characterize the ability of the S-protein receptor-binding domains (RBDs) of SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, pangolin coronavirus (PgCoV), RaTG13, and LyRa11, a bat virus similar to SARS-CoV-1, to bind a range of ACE2 orthologs. We observed that the PgCoV RBD bound human ACE2 at least as efficiently as the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, and that both RBDs bound pangolin ACE2 efficiently. We also observed a high level of variability in binding to closely related horseshoe-bat ACE2 orthologs consistent with the heterogeneity of their RBD-binding regions. However five consensus horseshoe-bat ACE2 residues enhanced ACE2 binding to the SARS-CoV-2 RBD and neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses by an enzymatically inactive immunoadhesin form of human ACE2 (hACE2-NN-Fc). Two of these mutations impaired neutralization of SARS-CoV-1 pseudoviruses. An hACE2-NN-Fc variant bearing all five mutations neutralized both SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and infectious virus more efficiently than wild-type hACE2-NN-Fc. These data suggest that SARS-CoV-1 and -2 originate from distinct bat species, and identify a more potently neutralizing form of soluble ACE2.
MLOps approach in the cloud-native data pipeline design
Authors: Pölöskei István
Published: April 2021

The data modeling process is challenging and involves hypotheses and trials. In the industry, a workflow has been constructed around data modeling. The offered modernized workflow expects to use of the cloud’s full abilities as cloud-native services. For a flourishing big data project, the organization should have analytics and information-technological know-how. MLOps approach concentrates on the modeling, eliminating the personnel and technology gap in the deployment. In this article, the paradigm will be verified with a case-study in the context of composing a data pipeline in the cloud-native ecosystem. Based on the analysis, the considered strategy is the recommended way for data pipeline design.
Linguistic hybridity and learner identity: translingual practice among plurilinguals in the educational setting
Authors: Lankiewicz Hadrian Aleksander
Published: April 2021

Capitalizing on the ecological approach to language learning (van Lier, 2004; Kramsch, 2008) and the conceptualization of language as a local practice (Pennycook, 2010) as well as languaging (Jørgensen, 2008), accounting for the continuity of linguistic phenomena rather than a discriminatory perception of linguistic properties, we intend to delve into the problem of linguistic hybridity as a sign of L2 learner identity. A direct inspiration for the study, as exemplified in the title, is the concept of metrolingualism (Otsuji, Pennycook, 2010), which offers a potential to be very informative for the study of identity issues inscribed in language. Metrolingualism connotes linguistic hybridity, which refers to something unnatural, untypical, not conforming to the norm. Positing the continuity of language use and symbolic competence (Kramsch, Whiteside, 2008), we assume after van Lier (2004) that language is not a fixed code but socially constructed entity which mingles with personal experiences shaped by social context and activates power-related issues in language use. The aim of the paper is to delve into discursive practices of students learning/using more than one L2 in the educational setting. An examination of their narratives and their languaging about language (Swain, 2006) discloses how they position themselves as L2 language users.
Język i transmisja kulturowa w tatarskich kitabach. Stan badań
Authors: Kulwicka-Kamińska Joanna
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the kitab studies covering the physical and cultural legacy of the Tatars of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania (today: Polish, Belarusian and Lithuanian Tatars). Religious manuscripts, including kitabs, are a part of Tatars’ cultural legacy, hence the article presents these writings and the areas of research on kitabs that cover: a) cataloguing the manuscripts; b) monographic studies providing their philological analysis; c) discussion of their content, with attention to Muslim and Christian traditions; d) textual analysis of these old texts; e) editorial preparations.
ADAPTED TO FEAR: FEARLESSNESS ABOUT DEATH IS ASSOCIATED WITH HEART RATE VARIABILITY
Authors: Perkins Natalie M. , Forrest Lauren N. , Kunstman Jonathan W. , Smith April R.
Published: April 2021

Objective: Capability for suicide, which refers to an individual's ability to enact potentially lethal harm to oneself and overcome the fear of dying, is an empirically supported component of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide. Although an abundance of research has examined capability for suicide through the use of self-report data, little research has assessed specific psychophysiological mechanisms that may contribute to capability for suicide. We assessed relationships between capability for suicide (fearlessness about death and pain tolerance), high frequency heart rate variability (HF HRV), and subjectively reported fear during a death related event. Given that greater HRV is associated with calmness and lack of distress, we predicted that HRV during a fearful event would be positively associated with the capability for suicide.

Method: Data were collected from 101 undergraduates. Participants self-reported fearlessness about death and had their pain tolerance assessed with an algometer. HF HRV was assessed prior to, during, and following a film-viewing task designed to elicit fear of death.

Results: Correlations revealed that fearlessness about death was negatively associated with self-reported fear during the film viewing and positively associated with self-reported and objective pain tolerance. Linear regressions found that fearlessness about death, but not self-reported or objective pain tolerance, was positively associated with HF HRV during the film-viewing and recovery.

Discussion: During a fearful, death related event, greater HF HRV was associated with greater fearlessness about death, suggesting that HF HRV may represent one possible mechanism through which fearlessness about death is maintained.
The Inter-Rater Reliability and Validity of the Italian Translation of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders Module I and Module II: A Preliminary Report on Consecutively Admitted Psychotherapy Outpatients
Authors: Somma Antonella , Borroni Serena , Gialdi Giulia , Carlotta Davide , Emanuela Giarolli Laura , Barranca Margherita , Cerioli Carlotta , Franzoni Chiara , Masci Elisabetta , Manini Riccardo , Luca Busso Stefano , Ruotolo Giulia , Krueger Robert F. , Markon Kristian E. , Fossati Andrea
Published: April 2021

To evaluate the reliability and convergent validity of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (SCID-5-AMPD) Module I and Module II, 88 adult psychotherapy participants were administered the Italian translations of the SCID-5-AMPD Module I and Module II, Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Brief Form (LPFS-BF), Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Self Report (LPFS-SF), Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+), and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality Disorders (SCID-5-PD) relying on a Williams crossover design. SCID-5-AMPD Module I and Module II showed excellent inter-rater reliability. In terms of convergent validity, meaningful associations were observed between SCID-5-AMPD Module I scores and self-report measures of Criterion A; similarly, SCID-5-AMPD Module II trait scores were meaningfully related to PID-5 trait scores. As a whole, our preliminary findings supported the clinical utility of DSM-5 AMPD.
Shame in Borderline Personality Disorder: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Buchman-Wildbaum Tzipi , Unoka Zsolt , Dudas Robert , Vizin Gabriella , Demetrovics Zsolt , Richman Mara J.
Published: April 2021

Shame has been found to be a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). To date, there is no existing systematic review or meta-analysis examining shame in individuals with BPD as compared to healthy controls (HCs). A meta-analysis of 10 studies comparing reported shame in BPD patients to HCs was carried out. Demographic and clinical moderator variables were included to see if they have a relationship with the effect size. Results showed that those with BPD had more reported shame than healthy controls. In addition, in BPD patients and HCs, higher education level was related to lower reported shame. In HCs, it was found that those who were younger reported a higher level of shame. Finally, among BPD patients, there was a relationship between levels of reported shame and elevated PTSD symptomatology. These findings emphasize the clinical relevance of shame in individuals with BPD and the need to formulate psychotherapeutic strategies that target and decrease shame.
Mutual Witnessing Between a Writer and Her Readers in Etty Hillesum's Diaries, 1941–1943
Authors: Roth Merav
Published: April 2021

Etty (Esther) Hillesum was a young Jewish Dutch woman who kept a diary throughout the entire period of the Holocaust, until she met her own death in Auschwitz. The diary, written in the hellish environment of the Nazi occupation of Holland, provides us with an opportunity to explore the transformational power manifested in the mutual witnessing that takes place between the writer and the reader. The author reviews three aspects of the writer's testimony, each one of which embodies a unique reparative function: testifying about the events, testifying as evidence, and testifying to the reader.
Temporally Specific Roles of Ventral Tegmental Area Projections to the Nucleus Accumbens and Prefrontal Cortex in Attention and Impulse Control
Authors: Flores-Dourojeanni Jacques P. , van Rijt Coby , van den Munkhof Marleen H. , Boekhoudt Linde , Luijendijk Mieneke C. M. , Vanderschuren Louk J. M. J. , Adan Roger A. H.
Published: April 2021

Deficits in impulse control and attention are prominent in the symptomatology of mental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), substance addiction, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder, yet the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Frontostriatal structures, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAcb), the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and their dopaminergic innervation from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) have been implicated in impulse control and attention. What remains unclear is how the temporal pattern of activity of these VTA projections contributes to these processes. Here, we optogenetically stimulated VTA dopamine (DA) cells, as well as VTA projections to the NAcb core (NAcbC), NAcb shell (NAcbS), and the mPFC in male rats performing the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT). Our data show that stimulation of VTA DA neurons, and VTA projections to the NAcbC and the mPFC immediately before presentation of the stimulus cue, impaired attention but spared impulse control. Importantly, in addition to reducing attention, activation of VTA-NAcbS also increased impulsivity when tested under a longer intertrial interval (ITI), to provoke impulsive behavior. Optogenetic stimulation at the beginning of the ITI only partially replicated these effects. In sum, our data show how attention and impulsivity are modulated by neuronal activity in distinct ascending output pathways from the VTA in a temporally specific manner. These findings increase our understanding of the intricate mechanisms by which mesocorticolimbic circuits contribute to cognition.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDeficits in impulse control and attention are prominent in the symptomatology of several mental disorders, yet the brain mechanisms involved are incompletely understood. Since frontostriatal circuits have been implicated in impulse control and attention, we here examined the role of ascending projections from the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (NAcb) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Using optogenetics to individually stimulate these projections with time-locked precision, we distinguished the role that each of these projections plays, in both impulse control and attention. As such, our study enhances our understanding of the neuronal circuitry that drives impulsive and attentive behavior.
Ventral Pallidum GABA Neurons Mediate Motivation Underlying Risky Choice
Authors: Farrell Mitchell R. , Esteban Jeanine Sandra D. , Faget Lauren , Floresco Stan B. , Hnasko Thomas S. , Mahler Stephen V.
Published: April 2021

Pursuing rewards while avoiding danger is an essential function of any nervous system. Here, we examine a new mechanism helping rats negotiate the balance between risk and reward when making high-stakes decisions. Specifically, we focus on GABA neurons within an emerging mesolimbic circuit nexus: the ventral pallidum (VP). These neurons play a distinct role from other VP neurons in simple motivated behaviors in mice, but their role in more complex motivated behaviors is unknown. Here, we interrogate the behavioral functions of VPGABAneurons in male and female transgenic GAD1:Cre rats (and WT littermates), using a reversible chemogenetic inhibition approach. Using a behavioral assay of risky decision-making, and of the food-seeking and shock-avoidance components of this task, we show that engaging inhibitory Gi/osignaling specifically in VPGABAneurons suppresses motivation to pursue highly salient palatable foods, and possibly also motivation to avoid being shocked. In contrast, inhibiting these neurons did not affect seeking of low-value food, free consumption of palatable food, or unconditioned affective responses to shock. Accordingly, when rats considered whether to pursue food despite potential for shock in a risky decision-making task, inhibiting VPGABAneurons caused them to more readily select a small but safe reward over a large but dangerous one, an effect not seen in the absence of shock threat. Together, results indicate that VPGABAneurons are critical for high-stakes adaptive responding that is necessary for survival, but which may also malfunction in psychiatric disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn a dynamic world, it is essential to implement appropriate behaviors under circumstances involving rewards, threats, or both. Here, we demonstrate a crucial role for VPGABAneurons in high-stakes motivated behavior of several types. We show that this VPGABArole in motivation impacts decision-making, as inhibiting these neurons yields a conservative, risk-averse strategy not seen when the task is performed without threat of shock. These new roles for VPGABAneurons in behavior may inform future strategies for treating addiction, and other disorders of maladaptive decision-making.
Mental Health Equity of Filipino Communities in COVID-19: A Framework for Practice and Advocacy
Authors: Chan Christian D. , Litam Stacey Diane Arañez
Published: April 2021

The emergence and global spread of COVID-19 precipitated a massive public health crisis combined with multiple incidents of racial discrimination and violence toward Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) communities. Although East Asian communities are more frequently targeted for instances of pandemic-related racial discrimination, multiple disparities converge upon Filipino communities that affect their access to mental health care in light of COVID-19. This article empowers professional counselors to support the Filipino community by addressing three main areas: (a) describing how COVID-19 contributes to racial microaggressions and institutional racism toward Filipino communities; (b) underscoring how COVID-19 exacerbates exposure to stressors and disparities that influence help-seeking behaviors and utilization of counseling among Filipinos; and (c) outlining how professional counselors can promote racial socialization, outreach, and mental health equity with Filipino communities to mitigate the effects of COVID-19.
“I Remember Having Chicken Pox at Age 3”: How Can Age Manipulations Affect One’s Earliest Childhood Memories?
Authors: Dijkstra Katinka , Wessel Ineke
Published: April 2021

Adults’ reports of earliest autobiographical memories from before the age of 3 are typically scarce. However, recent research suggests that the age range of this childhood amnesia is flexible when participant instructions provide a context in which earlier or later ages of childhood events are plausible (Kingo et al., 2013). This age manipulation may be more or less effective depending on the type of memories, i.e., event memories that describe a specific event, or fragments / snapshots that describe elements of a past event. One earlier study showed that after reading an early age example, the age in event memories was younger than after a late age example, whereas this difference was less pronounced in snapshot memories (Wessel et al., 2019). The present aim was to examine the malleability of the age in earliest childhood memories and replicate this age manipulation by memory type interaction as well as the overall effects of the age manipulation demonstrated earlier (Wessel et al., 2019). Three studies varied the age in example event memories and fragments (early, late, or no age). Overall, the results suggested that age information affects the reported age, but not necessarily more for event memories than for fragments. That is, all present studies failed to replicate the age manipulation by memory type interaction reflecting that relative to the early condition, event memories in the late condition were older than snapshot memories (Wessel et al., 2019). Even though we cannot conclude that a true effect does not exist, the original finding may be taken as reflecting a false positive.
Progestogen metabolites for use in pregnancy monitoring of 13-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus)
Authors: Miller Amy , Jentz Elainna , Duncan Cassandra , Merriman Dana
Published: April 2021

Graphical abstract

13-lined ground squirrels (TLGS; Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) are small, omnivorous, fossorial, hibernating sciurids. TLGS are seasonal induced ovulators, with a ~28-day gestation period. The main goal of this study was to ascertain whether enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of TLGS fecal samples can be used to non-invasively detect pregnancy. Competitive ELISAs for progestogen metabolites were conducted on feces collected from a group of (n =13) females. Feces were collected thrice weekly during the breeding season and frozen for subsequent analysis. Competitive ELISAs were run using progesterone kits ), setting data against seven different time-points between hibernation, emergence, and litter birthdate. Eleven females produced litters. ELISA data from the (n = 2) non-pregnant females demonstrated no rise in progestogen metabolites at any point over 28 days. In contrast, data from the (n = 11) pregnant females all demonstrated a pronounced rise in progestogen metabolites, with most animals displaying progesterone withdrawal in the final week of gestation. A >20-fold rise in progestogen metabolite was observed halfway through gestation (P < 005). Analysis on litter size and progestogen metabolite concentration showed no significant correlation (r2 = −0.615). Initial correlation analysis done on sex ratio of litters vs progestogen metabolites showed no significant effect of progesterone on sex ratios (males: r2 = −0.772, females: r2 = 0.375). This work demonstrated that TLGS also undergo progesterone withdrawal about a week before parturition. We have ascertained that a commercially available progesterone assay kit can detect a significant elevation in progestogen metabolites in this species about halfway through gestation.

Lay summary

This research was conducted to discover whether pregnancy prediction is possible in female 13-lined ground squirrels (TLGS; a small hibernating ground squirrel named for their number of stripes). Pregnancy status in this species, we postulated, could be anticipated by generating profiles for individuals via a non-invasive technique known as fecal endocrine hormone profiling. Fecal samples were collected from 13 females thrice weekly for 4 weeks post-hibernation in the breeding season of 2016. Fecal samples were then processed and run through an assay known as an ELISA giving concentrations of hormone metabolites excreted through feces. We then set these samples against time points to develop a profile for each female. We have ascertained that elevated progesterone (potential pregnancy) can be detected by a commercially available assay kit. Understanding hormone patterns in animals gives researchers a better idea of best husbandry practices, including breeding in managed care.
Corn husk as lignocellulosic agricultural waste for the cultivation of Pleurotus florida mushroom
Authors: Rakib Mohd Rashid Mohd , Lee Aubrey Mei Li , Tan Shin Yee
Published: April 2021

The growth and yield of Pleurotus florida mushroom were evaluated in media with corn husk and wood sawdust substrates. Five formulations of substrates, namely 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of wood sawdust substituted with corn husk, were tested with 0% corn husk or 100% wood sawdust serving as the control. The total number of fruiting bodies, the number of effective fruiting bodies, the total fresh weight and dry weight of the mushroom, and biological efficiency were significantly increased with as low as 25% corn husk in the substrate, and they showed a significant increasing trend as the composition of corn husk in the substrate increased. Superior yield was produced by P. florida cultivated in 100% corn husk, where the total number of fruiting bodies, the number of effective fruiting bodies, the total fresh weight, and the total dry weight of the mushroom were 4.8 times, 5.4 times, 4.6 times, and 5.4 times greater than the control, respectively. The biological efficiency of P. florida increased gradually from 8.8% in the control to 51.37% in the 100% corn husk substrate. Therefore, corn husk could be exploited as a substitute or alternative substrate to wood sawdust for more sustainable production of P. florida.
El asentamiento informal como heterotopía: una exploración alternativa
Authors: Mejía Ayala Wladimir , DUQUINO ROJAS LUIS GABRIEL
Published: April 2021

El documento presenta los resultados de una investigación exploratoria de carácter cualitativo, la información se recuperó a partir de talleres con grupos focales, entrevistas y cartografía social. Resalta la técnica de la investigación-enseñanza, partiendo de la idea de que el conocimiento se construye desde y con la gente, en el lugar, y el uso del armazón teórico conceptual de la heterotopía. Con esta estructura metodológica se buscó presentar los asentamientos informales como lugares donde se fabrican innovaciones político-jurídicas, económicas, tecnológicas y culturales. Lo anterior es posible gracias al entramado de objetos, actores y procesos que solamente se genera en este tipo de lugares y en un momento dado. Se tomó el caso del Sector III, de Altos de La Florida, en Soacha. Los resultados permiten proponer que en estos lugares otro futuro es posible y que este se construye al pensar el lugar como un constructo cultural único y principalmente desde una mirada endógena.
The use of selfbody in nurses work in hospital care: an ergology approach
Authors: Bonfada Mônica Strapazzon , Camponogara Silviamar , Vargas Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira , Silva Rosângela Marion da , Mello Thailini Silva de , Pinno Camila
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to know how happens the nurse use of selfbody in the emergency room. Methods: qualitative study, performed with 23 nurses in an adult emergency room at a university hospital in the South of Brazil. The data gathering was through documental research, systematic observation, and semi-structured interview. According to the thematic modality, the data analysis was carried out anchored in the theoretical reference of ergology. Results: it was evidenced the use of selfbody in the work of the nurse, as much in the development of managerial activities as assistance, especially: in the organization of the environment, in the performance in intercurrences and definition of priorities of attendance, as well as in the conduction of the activities of each work shift, together with the nursing and multi-professional team. Final considerations: the nurse makes use of selfbody at work in the emergency room, based on values, knowledge, and experience, considering the organization of the work process and better nursing assistance.
Nurse contribution to the construction of health policy in the state of Bahia (1925-1930)
Authors: Mascarenhas Nildo Batista , Melo Cristina Maria Meira de , Santos Tatiane Araújo dos , Silva Livia Angeli , Florentino Tatiane Cunha
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the contribution of nurses to the construction of health policy in the state of Bahia, from 1925 to 1930. Methods: qualitative research, from a historical nature. Data were retrieved from five public archives, organized in a documentary corpus, and analyzed based on the health political analysis and the social control concepts, health policy and public health. Results: from 1925 to 1930, the State seized the work of the woman/nurse and established it in public health. This fact enabled the nurse’s contribution to the construction of the health policy of the state of Bahia, which took place by the implementation of sanitary education actions, home visits and hygienic surveillance. Final considerations: the female nurse’s work made the health policy of the state of Bahia viable and was an ideal instrument to access homes and instruct/advise people in their daily lives to adopt behaviors that prevent the occurrence and, above all, the spread of diseases.
Nurses and the Manchester: rearranging the work process and emergency care?
Authors: Carapinheiro Graça , Chioro Arthur , Andreazza Rosemarie , Spedo Sandra Maria , Souza Ana Lúcia Medeiros de , Araújo Eliane Cardoso de , Correia Tiago , Cecilio Luiz Carlos de Oliveira
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the changing roles of nurses in labor division organization in hospitals from the Manchester Triage System implementation in an emergency hospital. Methods: this is an ethnographic study that used different production techniques and data analysis. Results: the Manchester Triage System organized flows and places resulting in quality of care and changes in work processes. Conflict relationships related to disagreements in risk stratification were present. Final considerations: the traditional roles of nurses have been transformed, but it cannot be said that there was a structural change in their position in labor division organization in hospitals. The frontiers of autonomy, therefore of increasing the professionalization of nurses, are neither fixed nor stable, expanding or contracting according to the micropolitical changes in the governance of care.
Perceptions of senior nursing students regarding clinical decision-making
Authors: Marques Maria de Fátima Mendes , David Carlos Lopes Alves Henriques Pina , Santos Maria Anabela Ferreira dos , Neves Sandra Cristina da Silva , Pinheiro Maria Jose Fonseca , Leal Maria Teresa Sarreira
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the perceptions of senior students in an undergraduate nursing course at a nursing college in Lisbon regarding skills related to clinical decision-making learned during their initial training. Methods: qualitative study, of an exploratory and descriptive nature. Data collection occurred by carrying out a focus group with eight senior students in an undergraduate nursing course. Data treatment applied content analysis, performed with twebQDA® software. Results: data were analyzed according to the four dimensions of Tanner’s model of clinical judgment, and noticing and interpreting stood out as the most influential in clinical decision-making. Theoretical and clinical knowledge, validation of care planning, prioritization, and capacity to discuss and debate about situations emerged as the most representative skills. Final considerations: students make decisions by means of a complex process by using the knowledge and skills learned during their training.
The role of offset and technology transfer for installing an aeronautical industrial pole
Authors: Fernandez Felipe , Costa Rogério Santos da , Tonelli Bianca , Vieira Nathany Fernanda Tavares
Published: April 2021

Abstract: This is a unique case study of a phenomenological, exploratory and qualitative approach, with a horizontal temporal cut. The goal of the present study was to bring up the current stage of a small aeronautical industry in Santa Catarina in regards to offset and technology transfer tools. In order to achieve this goal, data collection involved interviews, assembly line observation and web page analysis. The results indicate a positive outlook regarding the offset, despite its non-use. The perception about technology transfer is negative, being verified that the organization needs external technologies.
New explicit correlation to compute the friction factor under turbulent flow in pipes
Authors: Gallardo Alan Olivares , Rojas Rodrigo Guerra , Guerra Marco Alfaro
Published: April 2021

HIGHLIGHTS The correlation facilitates the calculation of head losses in hydraulic systems. The correlation was design for regimes of high and low turbulence. The best performance of the correlation is obtained for a range of roughness that goes from 10-2 to 5 × 10-3.
Physiological changes of pomegranate seedlings under salt stress and nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Soares Lauriane A. dos A. , Oliveira Sabrina G. de , Lima Geovani S. de , Fernandes Pedro D. , Araújo Railene H. C. R. , Fernandes Eliene A.
Published: April 2021

HIGHLIGHTS Irrigation water salinity alters gas exchange and biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments in po-megranate. The reduction in CO2 assimilation in pomegranate plants under salt stress is related to non-stomatal factors. Increasing nitrogen doses increase electrolyte leakage in pomegranate seedlings.
Improved nutrient uptake in three Crotalaria species inoculated with multifunctional microorganisms
Authors: Lanna Anna C. , Silva Mariana A. , Moreira Alécio S. , Nascente Adriano S. , Fillipi Marta C. C. de
Published: April 2021

HIGHLIGHTS Multifunctional microorganisms promote the nutrient enrichment in Crotalaria plants. Cover crop residues are vital in managing soil fertility. Nutritionally improved cover crops increase soil nutrient levels for the subsequent crop.
Physiological indices of okra under organomineral fertilization and irrigated with salt water
Authors: Sales Jonnathan R. da S. , Magalhâes Clarissa L. , Freitas Ana G. S. , Goes Geovana F. , Sousa Henderson C. de , Sousa Geocleber G. de
Published: April 2021

HIGHLIGHTS Salt water reduces gas exchange in the okra crop, but organomineral fertilization mitigates these effects. The use of organic and mineral fertilization is viable in okra crops under salt stress. Organic fertilizer (100% bovine biofertilizer) decreases internal CO2 concentration.
Performance of agricultural tractor with and without automatic transmission and engine rotation management
Authors: Strapasson Neto Lauro , Jasper Samir P. , Kmiecik Leonardo L. , Silva Thiago X. da , Savi Daniel
Published: April 2021

HIGHLIGHTS Electronic gear selection and autonomous engine rotation management bring benefits to tractor driving. The electronic management responded positively to the increase in the traction load. The use of electronic management software should be more widespread among farmers and researchers.
Promoção da saúde e redução de vulnerabilidades por meio da prática da atividade física
Authors: Borges Isabela Souza Cruvinel , Vieira Ana Clara Naves , Campos Igor Silva , Machado Juliana Kanaan , Raimondi Gustavo Antonio
Published: April 2021

Resumo: Introdução: Diante da pandemia da Covid-19, os(as) estudantes de Medicina tornaram-se ainda mais fragilizados(as) e vulnerabilizados(as) pelo contexto de isolamento social, uma vez que tiveram suas rotinas alteradas. Assim, a Associação Atlética Acadêmica Marcel Resende Davi (AAAMRD), visando cumprir com a sua responsabilidade social de promoção da saúde, buscou incentivar a prática desportiva ao valorizar esse hábito em prol do bem-estar físico e mental dos(as) estudantes. Desse modo, este artigo objetiva relatar a experiência da atlética com a realização de um desafio esportivo virtual entre suas equipes. Relato de experiência: O desafio foi elaborado e executado remotamente para 112 atletas de 14 equipes esportivas. Nos grupos de WhatsApp®, particulares de cada time, os(as) atletas deveriam enviar mídias dos exercícios físicos realizados e contabilizá-los em uma lista. Ressalta-se que foram disponibilizados treinos nas redes sociais da atlética, em parceria com profissional capacitado, como forma de proporcionar treinos seguros. Ao final das 11 semanas de desafio, as três melhores equipes foram premiadas. Aplicou-se também um formulário de feedback para verificar a efetividade da ação. Discussão: A tecnologia, importante aliada na organização do desafio, permitiu que a promoção da saúde ocorresse remotamente, respeitando o distanciamento social. Ao estimular a constância de treinos, a atlética contribuiu para a manutenção de parte da rotina dos(as) graduandos(as), prejudicada pelo contexto pandêmico. Além disso, o espírito de coletividade e a interação entre os(as) atletas dentro dos grupos contribuíram para que esse distanciamento não fosse total, formando uma rede de apoio ao compartilharem também seus medos, inseguranças e saudades. Conclusão: Os resultados alcançados com o desafio e os feedbacks positivos confirmaram a efetividade da promoção da saúde proposta pela AAAMRD. Ademais, em conformidade com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e apesar do momento adverso, a instituição mostrou-se presente na formação pessoal e profissional dos(as) estudantes.
Captação de recursos para pesquisas e o terceiro setor: o que os docentes sabem?
Authors: Carvalho Sabrina Brabo de Araújo , Barros Charles Alberto Villacorta de , Limonge Livia Gomes , Carneiro Andrey de Almeida , Nylander Bertho Vinicius Rocha , Costa Paula Lavigne de Sousa
Published: April 2021

Resumo: Introdução: O crescimento socioeconômico de um país acontece por meio do desenvolvimento de ciência e tecnologia, e, por isso, a parceria com o terceiro setor é positiva ao auxiliar o financiamento de projetos científicos. Objetivos: Assim, o presente estudo objetiva avaliar as formas de captação de recursos mais utilizadas pelos docentes de Medicina para a execução de seus estudos científicos e verificar se há o reconhecimento do terceiro setor como opção para tal obtenção. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal analítico com abordagem quali-quantitativa, construído por meio do uso de um formulário individual aplicado aos docentes do curso médico de cinco instituições do ensino superior do Norte/Nordeste do Brasil. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por estatísticas descritiva e analítica. Resultados: Participaram 138 professores, de ambos os sexos, com idade média ± 43,2 anos. A pesquisa mais comumente desenvolvida pelos docentes foi a básica (56,1%); 68,8% utilizaram recursos próprios para o desenvolvimento de seus estudos; 18,8% obtiveram recursos de entidades de apoio à pesquisa; 75,4% conheciam alguma fundação de amparo à pesquisa, e as mais citadas foram a Fapespa (26,9%) e o CNPq (26,9%); 13,8% relataram conhecer sites e empresas multinacionais que fomentam projetos de pesquisas, mas somente 2,2% submeteram sua iniciativa às chamadas públicas em instituições internacionais para captação; quando perguntados sobre o terceiro setor, seus fundamentos e atores definidos pela legislação, o estudo apontou uma falta de conhecimento, com 100% de inadequação nas respostas sobre tais entidades; quanto à parceria entre o terceiro setor e o Estado, 83,3% sinalizaram desconhecimento;100% dos entrevistados desconhecem os critérios para uma entidade integrar tal setor, ao mesmo tempo que 76,8% afirmaram que a falta de orientação dos conceitos do ramo não é entrave para a captação de recursos às pesquisas. Conclusão: A maioria dos docentes utilizava recursos próprios para a realização de seus projetos, seguidos pelo uso de recursos públicos. Ademais, grande parte dos profissionais não reconheceu o terceiro setor como fonte patrocinadora, carecendo de informações que lhes possibilitassem desenvolver atividades de forma ampla e com as diversas oportunidades existentes, oferecidas por entidades desse setor.