bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prandial Effects on 2D (b-M1) Optimized Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Quantification in the Liver
Authors: Simchick Gregory , Hernando Diego
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Food ingestion is known to increase blood flow in the liver. However, detection of prandial effects using conventional quantitative intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) methods is confounded by large measurement variability of the perfusion-related IVIM parameters. Goal(s): Detect prandial-induced changes in IVIM estimates in the liver. Approach: 2D (b-value and first-order motion moment (M1)) noise-optimized IVIM acquisitions were acquired pre- and postprandial. IVIM estimates were obtained using a recently proposed advanced fitting technique. Pre- vs postprandial IVIM estimates were compared. Results: The optimized IVIM methods detected prandial-induced changes in the blood velocity standard deviation (mean relative change=9.4±7.8%; preprandial coefficient of variation=5.6%). Impact: Quantitative IVIM is capable of detecting prandial-induced changes in blood perfusion in the liver. Liver IVIM data may need to be acquired in a fasting state, and evaluating prandial effects may provide insight into various diseases’ pathophysiological changes.
Automatic segmentation of spinal cord multiple sclerosis lesions across multiple sites, contrasts and vendors
Authors: Benveniste Pierre-Louis , Valošek Jan , Chen Michelle , Molinier Nathan , Lee Lisa Eunyoung , Prat Alexandre , Vavasour Zachary , Tam Roger , Traboulsee Anthony , Kolind Shannon , Oh Jiwon , Cohen-Adad Julien
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Longitudinal analysis of spinal cord multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions is clinically relevant for the early diagnosis and monitoring of MS progression. Goal(s): Develop a deep learning tool for the automatic segmentation of MS spinal cord lesions on PSIR and STIR images from multiple sites. Approach: A nnUNet model was trained and tested on the baseline data and applied to follow-up scans to create lesion distribution maps. Results: We demonstrated the utility of the model to map the spatio-temporal distribution of MS lesions across MS phenotypes. The model is packaged into an open-source software. Impact: Automatic segmentation of spinal cord lesions in large cohorts helps to identify signatures of MS phenotypes for ultimately improving prognosis and optimizing treatment for people with MS.
Detection of vital signs with Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors ‘integrated’ in the MR-scanner
Authors: Hoogduin Hans , Schoor Jason , Visser Fredy , Meulen Peter , Mollink Jurgen , Nayak Debasish , Jose Nithin , Steenkamp Gerhard , Zadeh Aydin , Jacobs Mark , Klomp Dennis
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Detection of vital signs in MRI is hampered by the harsh environment of the MR-scanner and requires setup time. Goal(s): Use integrated (i.e. no setup time) sensors that are fully MR-compatible and provide reliable cardiac and respiratory signals. Approach: Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) based sensors (optical sensors) are integrated into the headrest of an MR-coil and the MR-bed for detection of heart beat and respiratory cycle. Results: MR-system integrated FBG sensors pick up cardiac and respiratory signals. The challenge lies in the realtime filtering of these signals to be able to use them for triggering of the scanner. Impact: Patient setup time can be reduced for exams requiring cardiac and/or respiratory signals by using MR-system integrated FBG sensors.
Reproducible and Miniaturized Bazooka RF Balun Using Printed Capacitor
Authors: Lu Ming , Wang Ruilin , Chai Shuyang , Yan Xinqiang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The balun or cable trap circuits associated with the RF coil are favored to be miniaturized, light-weighting, and even flexible. Goal(s): We proposed a reproducible and miniaturized Bazooka balun using printed coaxial capacitors. Approach: EM simulations were performed to guide the practical fabrication. The miniaturized Bazooka balun is made of the double-layer printed circuit board, allowing mass manufacturing ability in practice. Results: The extremely thin layer in the printed capacitor (25 micrometers) provides a large capacitance of tens of pF per centimeter and allows the total length to be much shorter. Impact: This reproducible and miniaturized balun is ideal for flexible and wearable RF coil designs, enhancing patient comfort and MRI image quality in diagnosis.
Quantitative Breast Background Parenchymal Enhancement: Improved Effect Size when Expressed as Contrast Agent Concentration
Authors: Rusinek Henry , Mikheev Artem , Logan Jean , Bokacheva Louisa , Kim Gean
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is linked to cancer treatment outcomes. Unfortunately field strength, acquisition parameters, etc, influence BPE. More reliable methodology is needed. Goal(s): We tested a novel BPE measure as contrast concentration to differentiate patient groups. Test1: pathologically complete response after neo-adjuvant therapy vs incomplete response. Test 2: pre- vs post-menopause. Approach: From a large public imaging archive we randomly selected 32 exams each for Tests 1-2 to compare effect sizes for signal and concentration-based BPE. Results: For both tests, group effects measured using Cohen-d were 2X larger for concentration-based BPE. BPE robustness is improved by converting MR signal to contrast concentrationImpact: Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is linked to cancer treatment outcomes. Unfortunately field strength, acquisition parameters, etc, influence conventionally acquired BPE. We propose and validate, using two independent datasets, a more reliable BPE methodology based on quantitative measurement of contrast concentration.
The diagnostic accuracy of model-based quantitative perfusion cardiac MR at 3.0T for the detection of flow-limiting coronary artery disease
Authors: Takafuji Masafumi , Ishida Masaki , Nakamura Satoshi , Ito Haruno , Kokawa Takanori , Araki Suguru , Yamaguchi Shintaro , Fujita Miyuko , Kurita Tairo , Dohi Kaoru , Sakuma Hajime
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Model-based quantitative myocardial perfusion MRI is feasible. However, few studies have investigated its diagnostic accuracy in detecting significant coronary artery disease (CAD). Goal(s): To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative stress myocardial perfusion MRI using Patlak plot method for the detection of significant CAD. Approach: Myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR) determined by Patlak analysis of stress perfusion MRI with LV blood saturation correction were compared with fractional flow reserve. Results: Model-based quantitative stress perfusion MRI has a high diagnostic accuracy for detecting significant CAD with the AUC of 0.739 and 0.745 for stress MBF and MFR, respectively. Impact: Absolute quantification of myocardial blood flow and myocardial flow reserve by stress-rest myocardial perfusion MRI with model-based approach permits accurate and objective assessment of myocardial ischemia due to flow-limiting obstructive coronary artery disease, which can aid daily routine clinical practice.
Reproducibility of in vivo measurements of carnosine in muscles with 1H-MR spectroscopy
Authors: Rothe Maik , Wohlgemuth Walter , Gussew Alexander
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Due to its pH-buffering function in skeletal muscle, carnosine reveals muscle fibre specific concentrations and is therefore suitable as a marker for the evaluation of muscle fibre composition in pathologies. Goal(s): This study examines the reproducibility of muscle carnosine quantitation with 1H-MRS, and is further targeting to adjust scan parameters for future clinical studies. Approach: 1H-MRS was applied in healthy volunteers to evaluate carnosine lateralization in leg muscles as well as quantitation reproducibility and precision in various parameter settings. Results: Muscular carnosine can be measured with a sufficient precision and reproducibility in less than four minutes and in small voxels. Impact: 1H-MRS enables reliable in vivo measurements of carnosine in skeletal muscles in clinical protocol settings, which is important for the assessment of disease- and age-related as well as myodegenerative changes in muscle fibre composition.
Improved visualization of lumbar nerve roots diffusion tensor imaging using iZoom-IRIS without fat-suppression pre-pulse
Authors: SAKAI Takayuki , Yoneyama Masami , Murayama Daichi , Wu Adam , Ball Iain , Ochi Shigehiro , Miyati Tosiaki
Published: November 2024

Motivation: DTI based on single-shot EPI is established method to evaluate lumbar nerve roots compression, but EPI-DTI has a high geometric distortion. Goal(s): To improve the image quality of the lumbar nerve roots, thereby improving the accuracy of tractography visualization and quantitative measurements. Approach: To reduce distortion, we developed a method to reduce the number of phase encodes per acquisition by combining iZoom 2D RF excitation, IRIS and LIPO (SSGR) only fat suppression. Results: Compared to the conventional EPI-DTI, LION iZoom IRIS-DTI improves the tractography image quality. LION iZoom IRIS-DTI was superior to the EPI-DTI, in accuracy of FA values measurement and ICC. Impact: LION iZoom IRIS-DTI is effective in reducing image distortion and might improve the accuracy and reproducibility of FA measurements of lumbar nerve roots.
SNR comparison between Loop and Sleeve antennas for human head arrays at 10.5T
Authors: Woo Myung Kyun , Choi Uk-Su , DelaBarre Lance , Waks Matt , Lagore Russell , Jungst Steve , Eryaman Yigitcan , Ugurbil Kamil , Adriany Gregor
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To explore the SNR performance of Loop and Sleeve antennas for multi-channel human head imaging at 10.5T. Goal(s): Validation of achievable receive performance of loop and sleeve antennas with same number of channels. Approach: Simulation based analysis of SNR between loop and sleeve antennas with same channels. Results: We obtained and compared simulated SNR data of loop and sleeve antennas. For the same number of channels (1, 3, 5, and 32-channels), each SNR map was compared with similar imaging coverage. Our experimental data indicates an enhancement of SNR achieved with the 32-channel sleeve antenna array compared to the 32-channel loop array. Impact: Our simulations indicate that a high-density sleeve antenna array compared to a classical loop array can achieve enhancement of SNR for human head imaging at 10.5T.
Active Shielding of RF Traps
Authors: Brunner David , Schmid Thomas , Sollberger Samuel , Gross Simon
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Baluns and RF traps are resonant structures and coupling among each other, as well as to receive and transmit coils must be avoided. This is a particular challenge for the efficient and compact class of wound inductor traps. Goal(s): Wound inductor trap that is isolated from external fields, does not require metallic shielding surfaces and can be wound compactly also for cables with limited bending radius. Approach: Employing the method of active shielding known from gradient coil design to RF trap inductors. Results: RF traps with shielding properties comparable to metal sheath shielded versions with very low eddy current profile. Impact: Compact and efficient RF traps can help to design better and safer RF coils. Requiring no metal sheath for shielding of the trap can help to reduce gradient-switching-induced vibrations and heating.
A 2-ch Wearable Elastic Adjustable Retunable (WEAR) Surface Coil at 3T with Broadband Matching
Authors: Kahraman-Agir Busra , Yegin Korkut , Ozturk-Isik Esin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Fixed-volume copper coils fail to accommodate volume changes and flexing of the imaging region, therefore spoil MR signal and hamper the diagnosis. Goal(s): To design a flexible surface coil for breast MR imaging. Approach: A 2-ch stretchable knitted textile coil and a 2-ch reference copper coil, which were compatible with three different sized phantoms were compared in terms of their sensitivity profiles and SNR results. Results: A three-stage broadband matching network could compensate for 15MHz of frequency shift. Although the textile coil was 31-81% more lossy compared to the copper coil, it only resulted in 10-26% SNR decrease. Impact: Despite loss of the WEAR coil, a textile-based coil can sustain a sample-loss-dominated behavior and a broadband matching network can compensate for the frequency shift without compromising on SNR.
A dedicated RF coil design for 31P MRS in the occipital lobe at 3T
Authors: Liu Qingyun , Wang Xiaoxiao , Zhang Yong , Zhang Qing , Song Xueyan , Yuan Kecheng , Zhou Yufu , Qiu Bensheng
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The occipital lobe is the site of a variety of brain diseases. 31P MRS can noninvasively detect the metabolites to monitor and diagnose related diseases timely. Goal(s): To collect 31P MRS signals in the occipital lobe at 3T, the dedicated RF coil setup is designed as a double-channel transceiver integrated surface coil. Approach: The coil was designed as a "pillow” and verified by finite element simulation, physical production, bench tests and phantom experiments. Results: The coil showed good uniformity and strong magnetic field intensity at the imaging region. Scanning with phantom, the spectral lines had a smooth baseline, high peaks, and excellent SNR. Impact: we propose a transceiver and transmitter integrated surface coil for 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the occipital lobe, which provides an excellent signal-to-noise ratio for excitation and acquisition of 31P spectral signals at 3T.
Evaluation of the utility of the portable MRI for the diagnosis of TFCC injury in wheelchair basketball players
Authors: Momiyama Naoto , Okamoto Yoshikazu , Shimizu Yukiyo , Terada Yasuhiko
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Wheelchair basketball players have a high risk of TFCC injury, necessitating the development of a portable MRI for wheelchair users. Goal(s): To demonstrate that the portable MRI is clinically feasible for the diagnosis of TFCC injuries in wheelchair basketball players. Approach: We modified an existing portable MRI system for wheelchair use and imaged both wrists of seven players who had been selected for the Japanese women's wheelchair basketball team. We measured the signal-to-noise ratio of the wrist images and performed a clinical evaluation by two radiologists. Results: Our portable MRI provided images of clinically detectable quality for TFCC injury. Impact: The portable MRI system for wheelchair users improved in this study enables wheelchair users to assume the examination posture themselves and diagnose TFCC injuries. This is expected to expand the opportunities for MRI examinations of the wrists of wheelchair users.
Multi-parametric Diffusion MRI and Multiple Linear Regression Predict Regional Spinal Cord Damage
Authors: Wang Feng , Xu Junzhong , Wu Tung-Lin , Yang Pai-Feng , Chen Li Min , Gore John
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Diffusion MRI provides several quantitative parameters for evaluating structural alterations in spinal cord resulting from injuries. Goal(s): Our primary objective is to comprehensively assess the sensitivity and specificity of measures derived from both the spherical mean technique and diffusion tensor imaging for assessing regional damage in the cervical spine of non-human primates after a targeted injury to a unilateral dorsal column. Approach: We acquired diffusion MRI data and obtained silver-stained histological sections for validation. Results: Our results suggest that diffusion MRI can detect and characterize axonal and cell body damage and assess the severity of spinal cord injury from multiple linear regression. Impact: SMT and DTI offer sensitive and specific metrics to spinal cord injury (SCI). Vax correlates strongly with histologic assessments of SCI, independent of axonal orientation. Multiple linear regression provides better estimates of tissue damage after SCI than single linear regression.
Longitudinal Texture Analysis of the Infrapatellar Fat Pad in ACL-Injured Knees
Authors: Sacher Sara , Pedoia Valentina , Majumdar Sharmila , Potter Hollis , Koff Matthew
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is associated with development of posttraumatic osteoarthritis and infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) abnormalities. Goal(s): Our goal was to quantify texture features of the IPFP in patients with ACL injury (pre- and post-ACLR) and compare to healthy contralateral knees. Approach: Image texture features were calculated from bilateral knee MRIs acquired at baseline (TP0), 6-months post-ACLR (TP1), and 1-year post-ACLR (TP2) from patients with acute, unilateral ACL tears. Results: The IPFP of ACL-injured knees had greater texture variability as compared to healthy contralateral knees up to 1-year post-ACLR. Impact: Texture heterogeneity of the IPFP of ACL-injured knees were higher up to 1-year post-ACLR compared to intact contralateral knees. MRI-based texture analysis can be used to differentiate between injured and contralateral knees.
Myocardial Strain Disparities in Genetic and Secondary Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Insights from Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Zhao Tongtong , Liu Jia , Lian Jianxiu , He Jiangkai , Li Wei , Qiu Jianxing
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) poses a significant clinical challenge due to its high mortality and limited cognitive understanding. Our motivation is rooted in enhancing diagnostic precision, unraveling novel insights into DCM pathology, and paving the way for targeted therapeutic interventions. Goal(s): This study aims to unravel the intricate myocardial strain patterns in DCM patients through cardiac MRI techniques. Approach: In this study, feature tracking method were used to evaluate myocardial strain. Results: There is no significant difference in global left ventricular strain, variations emerge in segmental myocardial strain between genetic and secondary DCM patients. The myocardial strain rate exhibits disparities both globally and segmentally. Impact: This study unveils nuanced myocardial strain disparities in DCM, which could be utilized to illuminate diagnostic precision. The insights catalyze targeted therapeutic strategies, potentially revolutionizing care for DCM patients.
Utilization of Strain Parameters Assessed by CMR Feature Tracking Analysis for Persistent Cardiac Symptoms Following the Exertional Heat Stroke
Authors: Yi Dongna , Zhang Jun , Jiang Yue , Dou Weiqiang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: More attention has been paid to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with heatstroke, while little research has been done on its prognosis. Goal(s): The main hypothesis is that left ventricle strain parameters assessed by CMR feature tracking can predict long-term heart symptoms in exertional heatstroke patients. Approach: Patients with exertional heatstroke underwent serologic cardiac enzyme levels and CMR at baseline and follow-up to assess the relationship between left ventricular strain parameters and recovery training. Results: The 2D-global longitudinal strain provided incremental prognostic value over traditional outcome predictors (areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve comparing models, 0.788 vs 0.883; P = 0.023). Impact: Our findings suggest that ongoing reduction in left ventricle strain may explain the lingering cardiac symptoms in patients with previous heat illness. It will help identify individuals at risk, improve follow-up, and provide assistance for return-to-play and reducing future risks.
Short-term Performance of Single Bolus r-SAK Prior to PCI in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Yin Jiani , Zhu Xiaomei , Yue Xiuzheng , Xu Yi
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Compared with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), it is not known whether patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) benefit from thrombolysis prior to PCI within 120 minutes of symptom onset. Goal(s): This study was to compare the short-term performance between STEMI patients with and without a single bolus recombinant staphylokinase (r-SAK) prior to PCI by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) imaging. Approach: The global and segmental [mainly focusing on LGE+ segment (transmural extent >50%)] CMR parameters were compared between r-SAK group and control group. Results: Patients can benefit from thrombolysis prior to PCI with better myocardial function and smaller extent of edema. Impact: This study investigated the short-term advantages of adjunctive thrombolysis with r-SAK for STEMI patients undergoing PCI. A single bolus r-SAK intravenously prior to PCI for STEMI improves myocardial function and reduces the extent of edema.
Differentiating Between Malignant and Benign Bone Tumors: Combined Diagnostic Value of DWI, IVIM and DKI
Authors: Li Ying , Ren Cuiping , Zhang Wenhua , Cheng Jingliang , Zheng Dandan , Lin Liangjie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The integration of various diffusion models can yield more precise insights into tumor diffusion and perfusion. Goal(s): To investigate the utility of combining DWI, IVIM and DKI in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant bone tumors. Approach: Six parameters derived from three diffusion models of 107 patients were statistically compared through either the independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. Diagnostic performance was assessed using ROC curves for both individual examinations and their combined analysis in distinguishing between benign and malignant tumors. Results: The combination of ADC, D, D*, MK, and MD values had better diagnostic efficacy than these parameters alone. Impact: Statistically significant differences were observed in the values of ADC, D, D*, MD, and MK between benign and malignant bone tumors. Furthermore, the combination of ADC, D, D*, MK, and MD values had better diagnostic efficacy than these parameters alone.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Texture Analysis for Evaluating Radiation Induced Femoral Head Changes in Rectal Cancer after Radiotherapy
Authors: Wu Jingjun
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To promote a non-invasive method to evaluate the radiation induced femoral head changes. Goal(s): To investigate the value of MRI texture analysis for evaluating radiation induced femoral head changes in rectal cancer patients after radiotherapy. Approach: The texture parameters of T1WI, T2WI and DWI images were extracted in femoral head. And the differences of texture parameters before and after radiotherapy were compared. Results: We found that when combined the texture parameters of T1WI, T2WI and DWI images, the diagnostic efficiency of femoral head changes was optimal with AUC of 0.85 (sensitivity,0.81; specificity,0.80). Impact: MRI texture analysis may provide a non-invasive method to evaluate the radiation induced femoral head changes, providing imaging clues for monitoring the potential radiation-induced femoral head injury.
MRI relaxometry techniques combined with MAIT cell parameters for the assessment of disease activity in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA)
Authors: Yang Shengsheng , Zheng Yonghong , Chen Xianyuan , Lin Mingui , Dai Xiaomin , Gao Fei , Chen Huangjing , Ma Mingping , Yu Shun , Song Yang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Currently, there is a lack of an objective quantitative measure to comprehensively evaluate the inflammatory activity of axSpA, which poses certain challenges in accurately assessing the disease activity. Goal(s): To establish a more reliable combined-parameter model for assessing the inflammatory activity of axSpA. Approach: T1 mapping values, T2* mapping values and the frequency of MAIT cells and CD69+MAIT cells are constructed into single-parameter and combined-parameter models using logistic regression. The diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by employing the ROC curves. Results: The model combining T1 mapping with CD69+MAIT cells showed relatively superior diagnostic efficacy in differentiating the severity of axSpA disease activity. Impact: The combined-parameter model incorporating T1 mapping and CD69+MAIT cells provided an effective objective quantitative indicator for evaluating the inflammatory activity of axSpA.
Prediction of the Degree of Metal Artifact using Localizer sequences of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Lumbar spine
Authors: Lee Seungeun , Lee Seung Yun , Jung Joon-Yong
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Metal artifact reduction techniques needs longer scan time and shows incomplete MRI visibility for postoperative spinal evaluation. Goal(s): We assessed the reliability of localizer sequence image factors for predicting the metal artifact range in MRI. Approach: Multivariate ordinal logistic regression models were generated using prosthesis information and imaging factors measured on localizer images, to verify the factors correlated to the visibility of spinal canal and neural foramen on MRI. Results: Metal artifact degree at midline and foramen level of sagittal plane and inter-screw distance of coronal plane in localizer images were significant factors affecting metal artifact range of MRI. Impact: We found that the metal artifact degree in localizer sequence image can be correlated with the metal artifact range of diagnostic sequence image, and used to screen proper patients to apply metal artifact reduction sequence in postoperative spinal MRI.
Quantitative measurements of masseter fat infiltration in head and neck cancer using Dixon conjugated with machine learning auto-segmentation
Authors: Chang Yu-Cheng , Cheng Kai-Lun , Lu Hsueh-Ju , Wang Hui-Yu , Chou Ying-Hsiang , Tyan Yeu-Sheng , Tsai Ping-Huei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Pathological changes in the masseter muscle have been associated with head and neck cancer (HNC). Nevertheless, investigations on the quantification of fatty infiltration in the masseter muscle and its correlation with HNC is limited. Goal(s): We aim to assess fatty infiltration, morphological characteristics, and texture features of the masseter muscle in HNC. Approach: This study sought to employ the Dixon method for fat fraction estimation conjugated with a machine learning-based auto-segmentation of the masseter muscle. Results: Our analysis revealed an elevated level of fatty infiltration in the masseter muscle among patients with head and neck cancer. Impact: Dixon method conjugated with machine learning-based auto-segmentation should facilitate in reliably assessing masseter fat alteration in head and neck cancer (HNC), this may be beneficial in response prediction in HNC treatment.
NODDI revealed white matter microstructural changes are associated with global function and cognition decline in Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Li Siyi , Sun Hui , Li Xing , Liang Huilou , Dai Jiankun , Lui Su
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder with cognitive and behavioral disruptions. Previous studies have reported the abnormalities of white matter, but elucidating the biological mechanisms remains a challenge. Goal(s): To investigate the changes of white matter in schizophrenia patients and correlate with changes of neuropsychological function. Approach: NODDI was adopted to quantify the changes of neurite orientation and extracellular free water in white matter among schizophrenia patients. The correlation analyses between image indices and neuropsychological scale scores were performed. Results: Significant changes of brain microstructure, particularly in the fornix with schizophrenia, was observed. Those changes were correlated with global function and cognition decline. Impact: This study demonstrated abnormalities of white matter microstructure, especially in the fornix, among individuals with schizophrenia. NODDI could become a potential technique for finding biomarker in revealing the pathophysiological process of the disorder.
Modulation of left anterior cingulate myo-Inositol in Lithium treatment of bipolar disorder
Authors: Bhattacharyya Pallab , Hu Bo , Lin Jian , Lowe Mark , Anand Amit
Published: November 2024

Motivation: There is limited information on anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) myo-inositol (m)I level in medication-free bipolar disorder (BD) patients in depressed state, which can explore role of neuro-inflammation in BD. Goal(s): Investigate modulation of ACC mI level during Li monotherapy. Approach: Patients with BD (depressed state) and healthy controls were scanned at 7-tesla MRI with a semi-LASER sequence at baseline and 2, 8 and 26 weeks from onset of Li monotherapy, and ACC mI level was measured at each time point. Results: mI level decreased in 1st 2 weeks of onset of therapy but the reduction was not observed after 8 weeks. Impact: The preliminary results suggest that decrease in neuro-inflammatory/microglial marker mI during Li monotherapy of depressed BD may be a short term effect. Future studies can investigate if this is specific to depressed state by investigating during manic state also.
Predicting Early Antidepressant Response in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: Insight from Many Dimensions of Hippocampal Organization
Authors: Tang Mengyue , Zhang Liangqing , Hu Xinyue , Zhou Zilin , Wang Yingying , Bao Weijie , Gong Qiyong , Huang Xiaoqi
Published: November 2024

Motivation: It is currently unknown which hippocampal substructure or composite based on the different is the most effective in evaluating treatment outcomes. Goal(s): To explore which hippocampal organization might predict an early antidepressant response to in patients with major depressive disorder. Approach: We used Freesurfer software to segment the hippocampus automatically, and created the hippocampal composites by summing component substructures early antidepressants response were evaluated from many dimensions of hippocampal organization. Results: We found hippocampal substructures segmented along its transverse axis exhibit best classification performance, and the most relevant region for treatments efficacy maybe located in the CA1 and ML. Impact: We found hippocampal substructures segmented along its transverse axis exhibit best classification performance, and the most relevant region for treatments efficacy maybe located in the CA1 and ML.
Morphological and microstructural modulation of Hypothalamic nuclei by eating disorder. A 7T MRI study
Authors: ROGER Coleen , LASBLEIZ Adele , KOVAROVA Anezka , DARY Hugo , PINI Lauriane , YU Fu , GUYE Maxime , DUTOUR Anne , GABORIT Benedicte , RANJEVA Jean-Philippe
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The key structure for maintaining energy balance is the hypothalamus (HT), a small structure organized in multiple nuclei difficult to individualize with MR imaging. Goal(s): To study in vivo the modulation in Obesity and Anorexia Nervosa of morphometry and microstructure of HT nuclei involved in food networks. Approach: Characterization of T1 and volumes of HT nuclei (Neudorfer atlas) of 28 young women (13 Controls, 7 AN, 8O) using 3D-MP2RAGE 7T MRI. Results: Differences in T1 values and volumes were observed in Obese and AN in HT nuclei involved in food networks (bilateral AN, left PVN)Impact: Quantitative high resolution T1 MRI at 7T allows to characterize the morpho-structural modulation of HT nuclei involved in food networks in obesity and AN. These biomarkers may have a crucial role to monitor adaptation of food networks during therapeutic interventions.
Accelerated Diffusion Tensor Imaging using A Diffusion Generative Deep Learning Model
Authors: Martin Phillip , Toner Brian , Altbach Maria , Bilgin Ali
Published: November 2024

Motivation: High-quality diffusion tensor imaging involves fitting a large number of diffusion-encoded images to a tensor model. This challenging process requires long scans and is vulnerable to motion artifacts. There’s a need for accelerated acquisitions while preserving robust diffusion tensor estimates. Goal(s): To develop a generative diffusion model that produces high-quality tensor metrics using a few diffusion-encoded images. Approach: The proposed generative model was trained using 300 randomly selected subjects from the Human Connectome Project Dataset and tested on 20 subjects. Results: Our model demonstrates the ability to generate high-quality tensor metrics for as few as 3 DWIs. Impact: This study demonstrates that a generative diffusion model can produce high-quality tensor metrics with significant reduction in scan time, potentially eliminating image distortions and artifacts.
PEARL: Cascaded Self-supervised Cross-fusion Learning For Parallel MRI Acceleration
Authors: Zhu Qingyong , Liu Bei , Cui Zhuo-Xu , Cao Chentao , Yan Xiaomeng , Liu Yuanyuan , Cheng Jing , Zhou Yihang , Zhu Yanjie , Wang Haifeng , Zeng Hongwu , Liang Dong
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Supervised deep learning (SDL) has limitations due to data dependency, and self-supervised frameworks like DIP struggle with noise and artifacts. Goal(s): Introducing PEARL, a novel self-supervised accelerated parallel MRI approach. Approach: PEARL leverages joint deep decoders coupling with cross-fusion schemes based on multi-parameter priors to achieve enhanced reconstruction. Results: PEARL outperforms the existing methods, demonstrating notable improvement under highly accelerated acquisition. Impact: This study emphasizes the significance and potential of self-supervised learning in addressing critical MRI challenges.
Improved lesion conspicuity on liver ADC maps using self supervised DDPMs
Authors: Vasylechko Serge , Tsai Andy , Afacan Onur , Kurugol Sila
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Abdominal DW-MRI suffers from low SNR and motion artifacts, compromising ADC reliability. Goal(s): Improve ADC estimation in low SNR abdominal DW-MRI using a single-image acquisition per b-value. Approach: A novel self-supervised training approach using denoising diffusion probabilistic models (ssDDPM). Tailored for multi-b-value DW-MRI images, it requires only a single gradient image per b-value for denoising, which reduces scan time. Results: ssDDPM demonstrated superior lesion conspicuity in low b-value images and quantitative ADC maps in comparison to competing methods. In lesion versus normal tissue, a logistic classifier had improved sensitivity from 0.93 to 0.98, and specificity from 0.88 to 0.97, over non-denoised NEX1 images. Impact: ssDDPM enhances abdominal DW-MRI ADC accuracy from single acquisitions, reducing scan times and patient discomfort. This gives promise to an earlier, precise tumor detection and monitoring, impacting clinical care and healthcare efficiency.
Measuring Glycolysis and Glucose Oxidation Coupling in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients using Hyperpolarized [1-13C]-Pyruvate MRI
Authors: Sinha Avantika , Liu Xiaoxi , Tang Shuyu , Dwork Nicholas , Sivalokanathan Sanjay , Liu Jing , Bok Robert , Hong Yoo Jin , Bennett Anna , Ordovas Karen , Slater James , Gordon Jeremy , Abraham Roselle , Larson Peder
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Alterations in cardiac metabolism are implicated in numerous heart diseases, including cardiomyopathies, heart failure, and ischemic disease. Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have known dysregulation of cardiac metabolism and energetics, and studies group aim to provide non-invasive measurements of dysregulation to allow for earlier diagnoses as well as monitoring of treatments. Goal(s): In this project, we aim to translate HP 13C-MRI into human studies of cardiac metabolism. Approach: This project will include studies of healthy subjects for normative values as well patients with HCM. Results: Preliminary results show clear abnormalities in metabolic imaging but no one metabolic phenotype across all five HCM patientsImpact: In this project, we aim to translate HP 13C-MRI into human studies of cardiac metabolism. Alterations in cardiac metabolism are implicated in numerous heart diseases, including cardiomyopathies, heart failure, and ischemic disease.
Higher oxygen extraction fraction in coronary artery disease is associated with lower cognition and cardiorespiratory fitness in males.
Authors: Rezaei Ali , Sanami Safa , Intzandt Brittany , Tremblay Stefanie , Sabra Dalia , Potvin-Jutras Zacharie , Huck Julia , Gagnon Christine , Mainville-Berthiaume Amelie , Wright Lindsay , Vuckovic Dajana , Iglesies-Grau Josep , Vincent Thomas , Gayda Mathieu , Nigam Anil , Bherer Louis , Gauthier Claudine
Published: November 2024

Motivation: There is a lack of knowledge about the physiological underpinnings of the effects of coronary artery disease (CAD) on human brain health. Goal(s): Here we investigated the effect of CAD on brain oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) Approach: Using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and its relation to cognitive performance and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results: The results of the sex-disaggregated analysis in a preliminary dataset show that CAD male patients have significantly higher OEF in whole gray matter, frontal, occipital, and temporal lobes. Furthermore, higher OEF in males is associated with lower cognitive performance, and higher OEF is associated with lower VO2max. Impact: Sex differences in the effects of coronary artery disease (CAD) on brain health are unknown. Our results show that CAD increases OEF, and that higher OEF is associated with lower cognitive performance , and lower cardiorespiratory fitness in males.
Sensitivity of cardiac 31P MRSI in prone and supine positions using an integrated 31P whole-body transmit coil at 7T
Authors: Gosselink Mark , Verkerk Kathy , van den Wildenberg Lieke , Gursan Ayhan , Welting Dimitri , Froeling Martijn , Klomp Dennis , Prompers Jeanine
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Cardiac 31P MRS is limited by the low sensitivity of commonly used transmit-receive surface coils at larger distances from the coil. Therefore, with transmit-receive surface coils, data is often acquired in prone position, which brings the heart closer to the coil. Goal(s): Determine the sensitivity of cardiac 3D 31P MRSI in prone and supine positions using an integrated 31P whole-body birdcage transmit coil at 7T. Approach: A male and female subject were scanned in prone and supine position. Results: 3D 31P MRSI data were obtained with good sensitivity throughout the whole heart, regardless of the position of the subject. Impact: With an integrated 31P whole-body transmit coil at 7T, cardiac 31P MRS can be performed in the more comfortable supine position, with good sensitivity also in the posterior cardiac wall.
Deep learning based reconstruction 3D ZTE-MRI for calcium deposit using computed tomography as reference
Authors: Liu Weiyin , Lu Xuefang , Gong Wei , Yan Yuchen , Zha Yunfei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Screening opportunity might increase detection of calcium presence in cardiac tissues. Calcium deposit in cardiac tissues especially vessels alter flow hemodynamics. A non-invasive zero echo time magnetic resonance imaging (ZTE-MRI) may offer additional information when patients receive routine cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Goal(s): To propose a three-minute, high-resolution, high-SNR free-breathing ZTE-MRI in detection of coronary artery calcification. Approach: To subjectively and objectively evaluation of ZTE-MRI respectively using conventional and deep learning reconstruction using CT as reference. Results: DLR ZTE-MRI had superior image quality to noDLR ZTE-MRI and showed fair to good performance on calcium deposit by visual observation. Impact: DLR ZTE-MRI with the featurs of fee-radiation, silence, and comfort (free-breathing) during scan can provide extra information – calcium deposite, for whoever, especially a CKD patient, plans to receive a physical examination especially CMR examinaition.
Association of reduced cortical thickness with myocardial strain in patients with heart failure
Authors: Zheng Chong , Cui Yadong , Hu Yujie , Yang Yang , Lu Jie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The mechanism of heart failure()-induced brain alterations is unclearGoal(s): To investigate the alterations in brain structure in patients with HF and their relationship with cardiac dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Approach: Using CAT12 to analyze intergroup differences in cortical thickness between HF patients and healthy controls, correlation analyses were performed to assess cortical thickness and cognitive impairment, cardiac dysfunctionResults: Reduced cortical thickness in patients with HF and correlation of reduced cortical thickness with cognitive impairment and cardiac dysfunctionImpact: Decreased cortical thickness in HF patients may play a mediating role between cardiac dysfunction and cogntive impairment.And our findings provide imaging evidence of brain alterations in HF patients.
Incremental Diagnostic Value of CMR-derived Myocardial Strain in Different Stages of Heart Failure in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Liu Ying , Mu Xiao lin , Song Yang , Wang Wen jia , Yang Yao ming
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Myocardial strain has been poorly studied in different stages of heart failure in hypertensive patients. Goal(s): This study assessed the clinical utility of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Feature Tracking technology in evaluating left atrium and left ventricle strain parameters in hypertensive patients at different stages of heart failure. Approach: The study compared the differences in left atrial and left ventricular strain parameters in hypertensive patients at different stages of heart failure. Results: The results revealed varying degrees of impairment in left atrial and left ventricular strain parameters in hypertensive heart failure patients , along with a significant correlation between these parameters. Impact: Among hypertensive patients at different stages of heart failure, the GPCS and GPLS parameters demonstrated superior diagnostic value.
Analysis of the Myocardial Transit-time (MyoTT) between normal subjects and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients from a single center in China
Authors: Yan Fei , Jin Xin , Yue Xiuzheng , Cui Jianing , Zhao Yanan , Li *Tao
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Myocardial microvascular disease is widespread in cardiovascular disease and is associated with an increased risk of adverse events. MyoTT, as a relatively novel, non-invasive, and easy-to-perform CMR parameter, played an important role in the diagnosis of disease. Goal(s): The study aims to observe the differences in myocardial microcirculation time between normal subjects and HCM patients. Approach: In this study, the CMR resting-state first-pass perfusion imaging sequence was used to measure the change of signal intensities from the coronary ostium to the coronary sinus to calculate the blood circulation time. Results: Patients with HCM had a significantly prolonged MyoTT compared to controlsImpact: MyoTT could be easily added to current CMR protocols and does not prolong CMR scan time. And future studies are required to evaluate the diagnostic as well as prognostic value of MyoTT in different cardiovascular diseases.
Myocardial Tissue Composition Quantification at Systole, Diastole, Expiration and Inspiration
Authors: Liu Jing , Yang Yang , Saloner David , Lee Yoo Jin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: We aim to develop a new method based on multi-compartment modeling to quantify myocardial tissue composition using MOLLI T1 mapping sequence. Goal(s): In this pilot study, we evaluated how the cardiac function, respiration, and age may impact the quantification. Approach: Data were acquired at end-systole/diastole, and end-expiration/inspiration. A series of maps were derived, including T1/T2 relaxation times, and fractions of three compartments: macromolecular proton, bound water and free water pools. Results: The changes found in bound water and free water quantification matched human physiology. The developed method could provide a new non-invasive imaging tool for mapping tissue composition. Impact: Quantifying myocardial tissue composition is valuable but very challenging. This pioneering work quantifies myocardial bound water and free water in a single breath-hold scan. It reveals the underlying tissue microstructure, which may open a new door for many applications.
Reliability and Reproducibility of Neurochemical Profiles Obtained with sLASER and STEAM at 3T and 7T in Lower and Upper Limb Regions
Authors: Eftekhari Zeinab , Shaw Thomas , Deelchand Dinesh , Marjańska Małgorzata , Bogner Wolfgang , Barth Markus
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The test-retest of STEAM and sLASER at both fields using the same subjects has not been investigated. Goal(s): The aim was to evaluate the reliability using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients(ICC) and reproducibility using Coefficient of Variations (CV%) of Glutamate, Glutamine, and N-acetyl-aspartate quantification at 3T and 7T in the human motor cortex using sLASER and STEAM sequences. Approach: Subjects were scanned a week apart using both sequences at both field strengths. Voxel locations were in Paracentral Lobule (PCL) and Precentral Gyrus (PrCG). Results: sLASER, particularly at 7T, demonstrated superior performance in both regions within a reasonable timeframe,making it the recommended sequence for longitudinal studies. Impact: This study’s findings offer valuable insights for researchers conducting longitudinal studies using MRS. The improved reliability and reproducibility of the sLASER technique, particularly at 7T, enable more precise tracking of disease progression, potentially leading to improved disease tracking.
Effect of FID-MRSI backward linear prediction with autoregressive algorithm on metabolite estimates for compensation of acquisition delay
Authors: Siviglia Alessio , Alves Brayan , Mosso Jessie , Cudalbu Cristina , Lanz Bernard
Published: November 2024

Motivation: 1H Free-Induction Decay (FID) MRSI is limited by the acquisition delay (AD) between the RF excitation pulse and the FID signal. N initial data points are thus lost. Goal(s): Our goal was to evaluate the consistency of the Backward Linear Prediction (BLP) auto-regressive reconstruction method to recover the lost FID data points. Approach: In-vivo rat data were used to investigate the impact of the BLP methodology in a cut-and-recover approach; further Monte-Carlo simulations were used to identify the method validity limit. Results: In-vivo and Monte-Carlo results highlighted the consistency of the BLP methodology for realistic FID reconstruction ranges. Impact: Focusing on metabolites of interest, no significant variations of brain map concentrations have been detected between original FID acquisitions and BLP reconstruction outcomes between AD=1.3ms and AD=0.708ms. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulations showed good quantification reliability until AD=2.7 ms.
In vitro and in vivo SLOW-editing with 3D EPSI-readout at 3T: Proof of Principle
Authors: Weng Guodong , Radojewski Piotr , Sheriff Sulaiman , Slotboom Johannes
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Developed initially for 7T scanners, the widespread inaccessibility of such MRI systems underscores the urgent need to adapt SLOW-editing for more commonly available 3T field strengths. Goal(s): Our primary goal is to detect metabolites like 2HG, GABA, and Glx using SLOW-editing at 3T, effectively addressing water/lipid suppression challenge. Approach: We utilized symmetric and asymmetric CHEmical-shifted selective Adiabatic Pulses (CHEAP) in conjunction with a 3D Echo-Planar Spectroscopic Imaging (EPSI) readout sequence. Results: Our investigations confirm the feasibility of employing SLOW-editing in conjunction with the EPSI sequence for spectral editing of GABA+ and Glx, validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Impact: This work demonstrates that SLOW-EPSI can be employed for spectral editing of low concentration metabolites, including 2HG, GABA and Glx, on a 3T MR scanner for 3D/whole-brain MRSI.