bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso de herramientas digitales para el aprendizaje de las funciones lineales en estudiantes de 1ero BGU
Authors: Cedeño - Guadamud Angie Mercedes , Pazmiño - Campuzano Marcos Fernando
Published: July 2024

En el contexto educativo actual, el uso de herramientas digitales ha generado una relevancia significativa en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. En particular, el estudio de las funciones lineales para estudiantes de bachillerato se presenta como una competencia esencial en la formación matemática, siendo una base para comprender conceptos más avanzados en álgebra y cálculo. En el presente artículo se diseña una estrategia educativa considerando el uso de las herramientas digitales: GeoGebra, Desmos y Khan Academy para mejorar la comprensión de las funciones lineales. El tipo de estudio de esta investigación es aplicado con enfoque cuantitativo, al realizarse cinco sesiones de clase dirigidas a 35 de estudiantes de Primero de Bachillero General Unificado (Grupo Experimental). Así mismo se consideró un grupo de 35 estudiantes (Grupo de control) con los cuales se aplicó la técnica de grupo de discusión.
Para evaluar la efectividad de las herramientas propuestas, se diseñó un cuestionario, el cual estuvo dirigido al grupo experimental, donde se determinó que GeoGebra y Desmos facilita el aprendizaje de las funciones lineales a través de los gráficos interactivos, a su vez Khan Academy se utilizó como un repositorio de tutoriales y ejercicios interactivos para retroalimentar el conocimiento. A su vez, los resultados del grupo de control, manifiestan que se deben implementar las herramientas digitales para conocer la facilidad a la hora de graficar funciones, siendo este el problema más común entre los estudiantes. Las herramientas digitales, permitieron consolidar las competencias matemáticas en relación a las funciones lineales, además la integración de otras herramientas más las estrategias pedagógicas, mejoran la colaboración y participación en actividades prácticas dentro del aula, despertando a su vez un mayor interés y compromiso de los estudiantes.
A IMIGRAÇÃO HAITIANA: ASPECTOS DE SUA PRESENÇA NO TRABALHO COOPERATIVADO DE CANOAS
Authors: Venancio Maria Geraldina , Bem Judite Sanson de
Published: July 2024

O Brasil é um país que abriga imigrantes de várias partes do mundo, e a partir dos anos de 2010 os Haitianos são os que mais procuram o país como lugar de refúgio, sendo crescente seu o número devido a catástrofes naturais e acontecimentos político-econômicos no Haiti. Ao chegarem ao país, estes imigrantes enfrentam dificuldades quanto ao idioma e deparam-se com diferenças culturais e preconceitos além de dificuldades de se inserir no mercado de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender os motivos que levaram os Haitianos a buscarem refúgio no Brasil, conhecer quais dificuldades culturais eles enfrentaram ao chegaram no país e suas condições de emprego e renda. Este estudo foi desenvolvido através de pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória e pesquisa de campo junto a cooperativas que oferecem emprego para estes imigrantes. A Cooperativa Cooarlas apresenta atualmente 7 Haitianos em seu quadro funcional de um total de 31 funcionários, com renda de até 2 salários-mínimos por mês. Concluiu-se que apesar das dificuldades que os Haitianos enfrentam e as condições de subempregos, pois é o que sobra no mercado de trabalho para eles, ainda assim, o Brasil se torna mais atrativo e oferece melhores condições de vida do que seu país de origem.
A EDUCAÇÃO DA PRIMEIRA INFÂNCIA EXPRESSA NO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO PRÉ-ESCOLAR DE 1981
Authors: Nahum Carlene Sibeli Sodré Damasceno , Miranda Joaquina Ianca , Lobato Vivian da Silva
Published: July 2024

O artigo trata de uma pesquisa histórica sobre a Educação da criança no Brasil, com foco no Programa Nacional de Educação Pré-Escolar de 1981. Busca-se, demonstrar às concepções do atendimento educacional às crianças pequenas presentes no discurso oficial expresso no documento do Programa Nacional de Educação Pré-Escolar. A pesquisa contextualiza essa política pública, voltada para crianças de 0 a 6 anos, a partir da análise de seu documento oficial publicado em 1981, fazendo uso de uma abordagem histórica e documental. Constata-se que o programa foi influenciado por organismos internacionais como UNICEF e UNESCO, e teve foco na educação compensatória para populações carentes, priorizando a alfabetização de crianças de 4 a 6 anos. Embora tenha representado um avanço ao incorporar a educação de crianças dessa faixa etária ao sistema educacional brasileiro, o programa é marcado por contradições, dentre elas o enfoque em métodos de baixo custo e a descentralização das responsabilidades para os municípios, que afetaram a qualidade do ensino oferecido.
The Influence of the Internal Audit Function Practices on Corporate Governance: The Case of State-Owned Enterprises in Tanzania
Authors: Njeza Zelia ,   University of Dar es Salaam, Chalu Henry , Kitindi Ernest ,   University of Dar es Salaam,   Catholic University College of Mbeya
Published: July 2024

Abstract The purpose of this research paper was to investigate the influence of internal audit function (IAF) practices on corporate governance (CG) in Tanzanian State-Owned Enterprises(SOEs). Data were collected through a questionnaire targeting the board of directors, audit committee members, management members, and internal and external auditors of 86 SOEs in Tanzania. Overall, the findings indicate that the IAF significantly influences the CG of Tanzanian SOEs. Specifically, the findings reveal that an internal auditor's competence, nature of work and compliance with standards, laws and regulations positively influence CG in Tanzania. These results support the application of the agency theory (supplemented by stakeholders and public choice theories), which explains the role of the IAF and its influence on CG for the benefit of a broader range of stakeholders, including the public at large. The results of this study suggest that organisations that allocate sufficient resources and effectively utilise their IAF to provide assurance and advisory services may improve their CG. This improvement can lead to increased accountability and transparency in SOEs. The results have an implication for the decision-makers, policymakers and chief audit executives to effectively use IAFs in enhancing CG practices. The Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) may benefit from these results in their efforts to elevate the impact of internal audit in the public sector.
Global Power Transition: Where do Major European States Stand?
Authors: Mr. Ali Asfand Salyana  , Ms. Saima Kausar  , Mr. Hamayoun Khan
Published: July 2024

This paper focuses on the actors in the new emerging Cold War. In the last century, the world was experiencing a phase of geopolitical rivalry between two major powers, commonly referred to as the Cold War. After surviving fifty years of proxy warfare, sanctions, arms race, and security concerns between the two dominant worldwide factions, the struggle finally came to an end. The USA exerted significant influence over the western bloc, while the Soviet Union dominated the eastern bloc. The global geopolitical scenario has seen substantial transformations in the twenty-first century. The global landscape has shifted towards a multipolar configuration, resulting in conflicts that have highly unorthodox characteristics. China, being a major player, actively engages in world politics and is enjoying a fair share in a market economy and the development of infrastructure. Amid the ongoing global quest for dominance, Europe is experiencing an emergence of new dynamics, each with its unique alliances and ideas. This article aims to analyze the potential for collaboration and conflict between the major players in the emerging global power transition during the early stages of this Cold War.
The Impact of the Two-Child Policy on Urban Family Dynamics in Beijing: Parental Roles, Child Development, and Family Economic Strategies
Authors: Yu Jun
Published: July 2024

The implementation of the Two-Child Policy in Beijing has significantly influenced urban family dynamics, encompassing changes in parental roles, child development, financial strategies, and societal attitudes. This study explores these multifaceted impacts through various lenses, including the evolution of parental roles towards more equitable childcare responsibilities, the developmental outcomes of first-born and second-born children, and the economic adjustments families make to accommodate increased household expenses. It also examines the role of extended family and community support in alleviating the pressures associated with raising multiple children, as well as the shifting societal attitudes towards larger families. By analyzing these dimensions, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of how the Two-Child Policy is reshaping family life in urban Beijing, highlighting both the challenges and opportunities it presents.
The Impact of Leadership Style, Employee Motivation, and Organizational Culture on Job Performance of Start-Up Employee
Authors: Sihite Mislan , Soegiarto Ita , Ilmi Makrifatul , Ilham Ilham
Published: July 2024

This research explores the impact of leadership style, employee motivation, and organizational culture on job performance in start-up companies. The study adopts a quantitative research design, collecting data from employees in various start-ups through a cross-sectional survey method. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and moderation analysis are employed to analyze the data. The results indicate that transformational leadership, intrinsic motivation, and a positive organizational culture significantly enhance job performance. Transactional leadership and extrinsic motivation also contribute positively but to a lesser extent. Organizational culture and employee motivation are identified as crucial moderators, amplifying the effects of leadership styles on job performance. These findings underscore the importance of effective leadership, motivational factors, and a supportive organizational culture in driving job performance within start-up environments.
Estrategias Didácticas Enfocadas en Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas ABP en las Instituciones de Educación Superior
Authors: Pilco Núñez Marco Vinicio , Proaño Cañizares Zahira Alexandra , Miranda Beltrán María de los Ángeles , Noriega Duche Fabián Manuel , Guadamud Nacevilla Darwin Miguel , Orosco Sisalima Mirian Rocío , Cevallos Astudillo Abraham Josue
Published: July 2024

El Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) fue concebido con el propósito de fomentar el razonamiento crítico, cultivar una visión holística de la realidad, estimular el estudio independiente y autodirigido, promover el trabajo en equipo y desarrollar habilidades fundamentales como el aprendizaje continuo y la resolución de problemas. A diferencia de enfoques paliativos, el ABP busca abordar de raíz los desafíos históricos de la educación, como el aprendizaje memorístico y fragmentado, la falta de motivación y pasividad en los estudiantes, y la desconexión entre el aula y las demandas del mundo real. Representa, por tanto, un paradigma alternativo frente a la enseñanza tradicional. Esta obra surge de los esfuerzos de los autores al implementar el ABP en diversos grupos de estudiantes. Las ideas aquí presentadas también son fruto del intercambio de experiencias con profesionales que han aplicado esta metodología. No dudamos que esta obra será de utilidad para los docentes interesados en elevar la calidad de su enseñanza mediante la aplicación de los principios del ABP.
MODEL SPASIAL DATA PANEL DALAM MENGANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMISKINAN DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: AL-HAM HAIRIL , Satyahadewi Neva , Kurniawati Nur Asih
Published: July 2024

Kemiskinan merupakan suatu masalah kompleks dan multidimensi di banyak negara termasuk Indonesia yang mencakup kurangnya akses terhadap sumber daya ekonomi, pendidikan, maupun layanan kesehatan yang memadai. Pada tahun 2023 di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat, persentase jumlah penduduk miskin sudah mengalami penurunan menjadi sebesar 7,03%, sedangkan target dari RPJMD Provinsi Kalimantan Barat yaitu 6,92%. Salah satu upaya yang bisa dilakukan dalam mengatasi permasalahan ini yaitu dengan menentukan faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kemiskinan. Fokus pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan pendekatan ekonometrika panel spasial terhadap persentase jumlah penduduk miskin. Dengan pemodelan ini bisa diperoleh efek dari periode waktu serta efek spasial terhadap persentase penduduk miskin pada kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Faktor-faktor yang dianalisis terdiri dari empat sektor yaitu pendidikan, sosial, kesehatan dan ketenagakerjaan. Pada regresi data panel, model yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu random effect. Kemudian pada pengujian dari efek spasial diperoleh bahwa terdapat autokorelasi spasial serta terdapat ketergantungan spasial terhadap error. Sehingga analisis dilanjutkan menggunakan spatial error model-random effect (SEM-random effect). Pengaruh antar lokasi atau dalam hal ini kabupaten/kota diukur dengan matriks pembobot spasial queen contiguity. Dari model yang terbentuk, diperoleh bahwa kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat yang saling berdekatan memiliki pengaruh terhadap penurunan persentase jumlah penduduk miskin. Terdapat dua variabel atau faktor yang signifikan berpengaruh terhadap persentase jumlah penduduk miskin di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Angka Partisipasi Sekolah berpengaruh secara positif, sedangkan persentase penduduk bekerja terhadap angkatan kerja berpengaruh negatif terhadap persentase jumlah penduduk miskin.
Comparing perceived and actual diabetes knowledge among nurses: A rapid review
Authors: Clayton Colter K. , Clayton Brooklyn
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Nurses are valuable care providers to people with diabetes, yet day-to-day diabetes management most heavily relies on self-care practice. Inaccurate self-perceptions of diabetes knowledge among nurses may be linked to inadequate adherence to self-care practice among people with diabetes.
Methods: The present study is a rapid review of perceived and actual diabetes care-related knowledge among nurses since an unusual inverse correlation of perceived and actual knowledge was first reported by Drass and colleagues in 1989.
Results: Seventeen studies in 10 countries met the eligibility criteria for full review.
Discussion: Low-to-moderate positive correlations revealed a discrepancy between perceived and actual knowledge among various nursing fields.
Conclusion: Nurses with an accurate assessment of their own diabetes knowledge may be better equipped to not only treat people with diabetes, but also promote self-care practice through formal or informal interaction.
Implementasi Aplikasi Document Management System untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi dan Akurasi Proses Pembiayaan Bank
Authors: Riana Sari  , Restu Alpiansah
Published: July 2024

Real Work Lectures (KKN) is one of the programs organized by the Bumigora University campus which involves students in learning activities outside the campus, interacting directly with the community. The aim is to increase students' understanding of practical sharia banking practices and to find out the use of the Document Management System (DMS) application used by Bank NTB Syariah Mataram, especially the Financing Division, as well as to apply the knowledge gained on campus in real life and provide benefits to the company. . The location of the KKN is on Jl. Udayana, Dasan Agung, Mataram. With a focus on the subject of internship activities at Bank NTB Syariah Mataram. With an internship period of 1 month. The methods used in this practice are observation and interviews. Through an observational approach, the author will directly observe the work processes and practices of sharia banking and pay attention in detail to how the document management system (DMS) is applied in financing management. Meanwhile, through interviews, the author gained an in-depth understanding from bank staff and managers regarding internal policies, challenges, and prospects for the Mataram Sharia banking industry. This activity implies that it is hoped that the company will continue to optimize its operational processes using the DMS application and utilize the knowledge and new ideas students bring.
Combining Regular Expressions and Machine Learning for SQL Injection Detection in Urban Computing
Authors: Souza Michael S. , Ribeiro Silvio E. S. B. , Lima Vanessa C. , Cardoso Francisco J. , Gomes Rafael L.
Published: July 2024

Given the vast amount of data generated in urban environments the rapid advancements in information technology urban environments and the continual advancements in information technology, several online urban services have emerged in recent years. These services employ relational databases to store the collected data, thereby making them vulnerable to potential threats, including SQL Injection (SQLi) attacks. Hence, there is a demand for security solutions that improve detection efficiency and satisfy the response time and scalability requirements of this detection process. Based on this existing demand, this article proposes an SQLi detection solution that combines Regular Expressions (RegEx) and Machine Learning (ML), called Two Layer approach of SQLi Detection (2LD-SQLi). The RegEx acts as a first layer of filtering for protection against SQLi inputs, improving the response time of 2LD-SQLi through RegEx filtering. From this filtering, it is analyzed by an ML model to detect SQLi, increasing the accuracy. Experiments, using a real dataset, suggest that 2LD-SQLi is suitable for detecting SQLi while meeting the efficiency and scalability issues.
Challenge of Rainfall Uncertainty in the Study of Deficit Irrigation
Authors: Agegn Asres Ligalem , Adugnaw Walle Melaku
Published: July 2024

One of the alternative methods for managing irrigation water is deficit irrigation, particularly alternate furrow irrigation (AFI). This deficit in irrigation is affected by uncontrolled rainfall. In line with this, rainfall uncertainty causes a variation between the measured actual crop evapotranspiration and the theoretical crop evapotranspiration. Let us imagine that rain falls during the deficit irrigation research, and the soil moisture under the deficit experiment is then raised to the soil field capacity. It is incorrect to report the result as a deficit. Thus, there is a research gap on the effect of rainfall uncertainty on the quantity of theoretical and actual crop evapotranspiration under deficit irrigation. This study was carried out at the Arba Minch University demonstration site on onion crops. Using CROPWAT 8.0 software, the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was calculated using the Penman-Monteith formula. The crop coefficient and ETo were used to calculate the theoretical crop evapotranspiration. In contrast, actual crop evapotranspiration was calculated using soil moisture measurements before and after each irrigation event after applying theoretical crop evapotranspiration. As a result, there is a significant difference between the calculated theoretical crop evapotranspiration and actual crop evapotranspiration from a deficit study. Thus, the calculated seasonal theoretical crop evapotranspiration was 201.72 mm. On the other hand, the actual crop evapotranspiration was 275.82 mm. This revealed that the actual crop evapotranspiration was greater than the calculated theoretical crop evapotranspiration by 36.7%. Uncontrolled rainfall was identified as the output’s cause. This has an evident effect on the deficit in experimental research. Hence, conducting the deficit experiment in a greenhouse is more reasonable. In addition, it is possible to assess actual crop evapotranspiration based on daily soil moisture measurements and report the deficit level based on the measured amount.
Analysis of Pseudo-Decentralization and Financial Dependency in the Implementation of Regional Autonomy in Sumedang Regency of Indonesia
Authors: Akadun Akadun
Published: July 2024

This study examines the phenomenon of pseudo-decentralization and financial dependence in the context of regional autonomy implementation in Sumedang Regency, Indonesia. Using a case study approach and analyzing financial data from 2019-2022, this research investigates the extent to which Sumedang Regency relies on central and provincial governments for financial resources. The findings reveal a high level of financial dependence due to limited income sources provided by the central government to regions like Sumedang. Despite this dependency, Sumedang Regency has successfully executed development programs and received awards, partly due to effective political lobbying by regional leaders. However, this reliance on local elites may hinder the achievement of decentralization objectives and lead to unequal development outcomes. As a recommendation, the central government is urged to focus on implementing fiscal policies that distribute more lucrative and equitable financial resources to all regencies and cities, promoting genuine decentralization and fair development.
Nuolatinės privalomosios pradinės karo tarnybos karių požiūris į grėsmes nacionaliniam saugumui ir tarnybos motyvaciją
Authors: Kazlauskienė Gerda
Published: July 2024

Straipsnyje analizuojamas nuolatinės privalomosios pradinės karo tarnybos (NPPKT) karių požiūris į grėsmes Lietuvos nacionaliniam saugumui ir NPPKT motyvaciją. Buvo aptariami motyvai, kurie skatina prisijungti prie karinės tarnybos, išskirtina, kad tarnauti jauni žmonės privalomoje karo tarnyboje dažniausiai renkasi dėl individualių motyvų. Atliktos 2018 m. ir 2023 m. reprezentatyvios NPPKT karių apklausos, siekiant palyginti rezultatus. Empiriniai duomenys leidžia teigti, kad 2018 m. ir 2023 m. nepakito NPPKT karių išskirta pagrindinė grėsmė nacionaliniam saugumui – ekonominė grėsmė. Be to, 2023 m. iš dalies padidėjo karinės agresijos grėsmės nacionaliniam saugumui akcentavimas. Išaugus karo grėsmei tikėtinas savanorių ir privalomai pašauktų karių pasiryžimas ginti valstybę, reikšmingai skyręsis 2018 m., 2023 m. nesupanašėjo ir reikšmingai nepadidėjo. 2023 m. reikšmingai padidėjo šauktinių tarnybos motyvacija ir pagerėjo Lietuvos krašto apsaugos pajėgų vertinimas.
الترنسندنتالية في الفكر السياسي الأمريكي المعاصر
Authors: رنا مولود شاكر
Published: July 2024

.أن الترنسندنتالية تؤمن بقوة روح وعطاء الأنسان وترى أنه يمتلك من القدرات الذاتية ما يؤهله لبناء مجتمع تسوده العدالة والحرية ولاتتعرض حقوقه للتقويض أو الأنتهاك، والفكر المتعالي أعاد إحياءه الفيلسوف كانط في عصر التنوير الأوروبي لكنه لم يحقق تأثير واقعي في الفكر السياسي الغربي، أما المناخ الفكري والسياسي الأمريكي كان مستعداً لتبني أفكاره وتطبيقها كجزء من بناء المجتمع المدني- السياسي والتي تزامنت مع حركة الأستقلال العام 1776، وتحولت تأثيراته الفكرية للغة مشتركة بين النخب السياسية للدولة وعامة الشعب، ونجد أن المتغيرات السياسية والأقتصادية في القرنين التاسع عشر والعشرين لم تمنح الترنسندنتية وأفكارها فرصة إحتلال مركز الصدارة على مستوى الفكر السياسي الأمريكي المعاصر، لكن أسسه الفكرية أستطاعت التجذر عميقاً بفكر وسلوك العقل الفردي والجمعي، والذي تجسد بظهور نظريات وإطروحات فكرية وسياسية ذات هوية أمريكية خالصة، وأسهمت أيضا بتحقيق عملية الأستدامة لحماية قيم ومبادئ الديمقراطية الليبرالية وتحويلها لاحقاً لأنموذج عالمي على مستوى الفكر والعمل السياسي.
أمننة المناخ و تحديات العراق المناخية
Authors: مريم علي ابراهيم
Published: July 2024

بعد تغير مفهوم الامن منذ نهاية الحرب الباردة واتساعهِ حيث لم يعد يقتصر على امن الدولة الخاص بالشؤون العسكرية فقط بسبب ظهور تحديات وتهديدات اخرى، و من المدارس التي درست مفهوم الامن المعاصر هي مدرسة كوبنهاجن للدراسات الأمنية حيث قدمت مفهوم جديد في القضايا التي تدخل تحت مظلة الامن ، مدركة بأنه لم يعد من الممكن في ظل التحديدات المختلفة التي تطرأ على العالم بحصر ديناميكيات الأمن في المجالات العسكرية والسياسية فقط، وكان المحور الاساسي لمدرسة كوبنهاغن هي نظرية الامننة القائمة على فرضية بأن اي قضية في العلاقات الدولية يمكن امننتها طالما تعد تلك القضية تشكل تهديد للبقاء و وجود كياناً ما ، لكن هناك مراحل تمر بها القضية وصولاً الى مرحلة الامننه وشروط وعناصر معينة يجب توافرها في تلك القضية من حيث مركز الفاعل الامني والخطاب الامني و الجمهور وقمنا بتحليل قضية تغير المناخ وفق فرضيات نظرية الامننة و هناك اربعة عوامل ساهمت في تسيس قضية المناخ وهي الاجماع العلمي و دور السياسة بشأن تغير المناخ و التمويل المالي و المنظمات الدولية التي سنأتي في صددها لاحقاً والعراق من بين الدول الاكثر تأثيراً بالتغير المناخي والتدهور البيئي و وخصوصاً ازمة التغير المناخي تزيد يوم بعد يوم بشكل كبير جداً وتزيد انعكاساتها السلبية على المجتمع والاقتصاد العراقي وتتفاقم في ظل اجراءات حكومية ضعيفة جداً ولا ترتقي ان تتحول الى اجراءات حقيقية لمواجهة خطر امني كبير يهدد الامن الغذائي والامن المائي وامن الطاقة والامن المجتمعي.
العراق وتوظيف الجهود الدولية لمواجهة اثار التغير المناخي: نحو استراتيجية ناجعة للتكيف مع المخاطر
Authors: سماء ابراهيم لطيف
Published: July 2024

تناول البحث أزمة التغير المناخي التي أثرت في كثير من دول العالم ومن بينها العراق، وانعكاسات هذه الأزمة على العراق بهدف التوصل الى استراتيجية فاعلة يمكن عن طريقها التكيف مع مخاطر التغير المناخي بالاستفادة من الجهود الدولية التي نجحت في الحد من اثار التحديات المناخية.
ويعد العراق من الدول التي تعرضت الى تغيرات مناخية اثرت في الواقع البيئي، وتسببت بارتفاع في درجات الحرارة، وقلة في مستويات الامطار، كما كانت سببا في تراجع مناسيب المياه، وادت الى زيادة نسبة التملح، وتكرار حدوث العواصف الترابية والرملية، مما جعل العراق يصنف ضمن الدول الاكثر تأثرا بالتغير المناخي. ويتطلب التكيف مع التغير المناخي اجراء تحولات جذرية في النظم البشرية والطبيعية من اجل وضع استراتيجيات مناخية قادرة على التخفيف من حدة التحديات المناخية، من اجل الابتعاد عن دائرة الخطر المناخي، وتقليل الاضرار البيئية التي لحقت بالعراق او يمكن أن تحدث في المستقبل.
عملية تغيير الانظمة السياسية ومدى تأثيرها على السياسة الدولية (افريقيا انموذجا)
Authors: قاسم محسن علوان
Published: July 2024

يركز البحث على طبيعة العلاقة بين تغير النظم السياسية في الدول الأفريقية والسياسية الدولية، اذ تعتبر افريقيا محط انظار لعدداً من الدول تتطلع إلى تحقيق مصالحها ومد نفوذها في القارة الأفريقية التي تتمتع بأهمية كبيرة على الصعيد الاقتصادي والسياسي والاستراتيجي بالنسبة لروسيا والصين في محاولاتهما المستمرة لعزيز سيطرتهما على الموارد الطبيعة التي تتمتع بها الدول القارة الأفريقية، وعليه فأن الصراع بين هذه الدول والمخاوف من تنامي دور طرف على حساب الطرف الاخر، يعكس مستقبل هذا التنافس بين القوى.
الحرب على غزة بين البعد العقائدي الغربي والقانون الدولي الإنساني
Authors: حسن هادي رشيد
Published: July 2024

معتنقي الأديان دائما ما تؤثر عقيدهم في سياستهم، لاسيما ان كانت تلك العقيدة مملؤة بتبريرات تنسجم مع سياستهم، ومن هذا انطلقت فريضتنا، هل ان القانون الذي يشرعه الانسان العقدي، تكون له الأولية من حيث التطبيق، ام تبقى عقيدته هي المسيطرة، تم اختيار بعدين عقديين للبحث (اليهود والنصارى)، وفي كل بعد بحث في مرحلتين احدهما كانت تتحكم به عقيدتهم، والثانية بعد ان شرع القانون الدولي الإنساني، وفيما يفترض بالدول المشرعة، أي ذاتها الدول الكبرى والمهيمنة والفارضة برائيها على الاخرين ان تطبقه؛ لأنها حسب ما تدعي انها لم تعد تؤمن بالبعد العقائدي الديني، والاشكالية التي تم بحثها ان أصحاب هاتين العقيدتين على الرغم من خلافهم عقائدي بالأصول وليس الفروع، ولكنهما كانا دائما يضعان خلافاتهم وقتالهم جانبا؛ عندما يكون الطرف الاخر، الإسلام، وبالنتيجة صحت منطلقات الفرضية التي انطلقنا منها.
المتغير الامني في العلاقات الروسية-الاسترالية
Authors: حيدر زهير جاسم
Published: July 2024

تسلط الدراسة الضوء على المتغير الامني في العلاقات الروسية-الاسترالية، بما في ذلك التطورات الهامة والأحداث التي تأثرت بها العلاقة الأمنية بين البلدين. وتم تناول الموضوعات الأمنية الرئيسة المشتركة والتحديات والتهديدات الأمنية المحتملة التي يواجهها كل بلد، التي تتعلق بالقضايا الدولية كالحرب الاوكرانية واثرها في العلاقات الامنية للبلدين، فضلا عن تهديدات الامن السيبراني والارتباطات والاحلاف والاتفاقيات الدولية التي تربط كل طرف بطرف اخر والذي شكل تهديد كبير لمصالح البلدين.
الاوبك وامن الطاقة بعد الحرب الروسية الاوكرانية
Authors: عباس سعدون رفعت
Published: July 2024

عد موضوع امن الطاقة من بين الموضوعات المهمة ، لان استمرارية الاقتصاد ، وحيويته ، تعتمد على : الطاقة ، بانواعها المختلفة ، وبضمنه النفط، والذي يعد مصدر طاقة، ومادة اولية تستخدم في قطاعات الصناعة المختلفة. ان الدول تهتم بموضوع امن الطاقة ، وتعمل على توفير ضمانات ، وعلى توفير بدائل ، سواء من ناحية الدول التي تستورد منها ، او من ناحية تعدد مصادر الطاقة. تسببت الحرب الروسية الاوكرانية بضرر نسبي لامن الطاقة ، قبل ان يتجه العالم الى احتواءه ، ومن بين الادوات المهمة للتعامل مع ذلك الموضوع كانت : الاوبك. ان الاوبك هي منظمة تضم عدد من كبار منتجي النفط في العالم ، ولديها مرونة في زيادة الانتاج ، وتعاملت مع احداث الحرب ، بما لا يتسبب باستهداف حقوق المنتجين ، او زيادة ازمة الطاقة. ان الهدف من هذا البحث هو معرفة دور الاوبك في : توفير ضمانات امن الطاقة ، بما يحقق الاستقرار العالمي.
On the Neotropical species of the spider genus Tekellina Levi, 1957 (Arachnida: Araneae: Synotaxidae)
Authors: Estol Narelle , Valiati Victor Hugo , Brescovit Antonio D. , Rodrigues Everton Nei Lopes
Published: July 2024

The genus Tekellina Levi, 1957 is currently composed of ten species, six of which are Neotropical. They are small-sized spiders (0.9 to 1.5 mm), with a wide distribution, with a great diversity in the Neotropical Region and well represented in Brazil. In this article, males and females of the species Tekellina bella Marques & Buckup, 1993 and T. crica Marques & Buckup, 1993 are redescribed and illustrated. The female of Tekellina minor Marques & Buckup, 1993 is described and illustrated for the first time. New records are included for Neotropical species. Tekellina guaiba Marques & Buckup, 1993 is synonymized with T. pretiosa Marques & Buckup, 1993. Three new species are described for Brazil: Tekellina picurrucha Rodrigues & Estol sp. nov. (São Paulo, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul), Tekellina miuda Rodrigues & Estol sp. nov. (São Paulo and Paraná) and Tekellina miudinha Rodrigues & Estol sp. nov. (São Paulo). Distribution maps with new records and an identification key of the Neotropical species are also presented.
Halal Standards and Regulations: Implications for Producers and Consumers in Literature Studies
Authors: Jailani Novalini
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze in depth halal standards and regulations and their implications for producers and consumers. In addition, this study aims to identify and understand the challenges faced by producers in complying with halal standards, as well as their impact on consumer purchasing decisions. This research was carried out using the library research method, using a qualitative approach. The data sources used are secondary data sources, namely collecting and then understanding, and analyzing previous articles, news, and books with relevant topics, be it journal articles or online media, as well as books that discuss halal standards and regulations. The data collection techniques used in this study are literature and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique applied in this study is a descriptive method. In this study, the limitations of the review are first, the articles or journals used are those published in 2016-2024. The results of the study show that the implementation of halal standards has been proven to have a positive influence on the producers company's internal operations, although then, at the same time they as producers face complex challenges such as the heterogeneity of halal standards, questionable raw materials, unethical practices, communication gaps, acceptance variability, human resource management issues, supply chain bottlenecks, and improper Islamic marketing orientation. For consumers, halal standards play an important role in shaping purchasing decisions, especially in the Muslim community. Consumer awareness of halal regulations is not only about recognizing the halal logo or understanding the basic principles of halal. This involves a deeper understanding of the entire halal certification process, the authorities involved, and its implications for product quality and safety.
Aminotransaminases: Structures, Functions And Clinical Significance
Authors: Kamil Rasha M. ,   Department Of Basic Science, College Of Dentistry, Mustansiriah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Albadry Majid. A.Z. , Yaseen, Intidhar I. , Al-Fahham Ali A. ,   Education Directorate Of Thi-Qar, Ministry Of Education, Iraq,   Directorate Of Education Of /Baghdadd Kark3, Ministry Of Education, Iraq,   Corresponding Author, Faculty Of Nursing, University Of Kufa, Iraq
Published: July 2024

The liver exerts critical functions in metabolic reactions, nutrition, detoxifying toxins, and excretion of wastes from the body. Aminotransferase are: There are two enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of amino acids: ALT and AST. The presence of them is indicative of damage to liver cells. High levels of transaminases can aid health care providers to diagnose frequent and risky hepatic disease. Both nonalcoholic and alcoholic hepatic diseases are the most well-known etiologic factors of high transaminase levels. ALT is made up of 496 amino acids. It can be detected at low levels in serum, and in high levels in the liver. Several health problems can result in increased ALT concentrations, including: celiac disease, some muscle disorders, thyroid disorders, hereditary hemochromatosis, heart failure, hepatitis, obesity, alcohol consumption, acetaminophen, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. AST is made up of two typical dimers. It is a good indicator of human health and are of great clinical importance. High AST concentrations are frequently associated to septic shock, acute myocardial infarction, drug toxicity, cholestatic syndromes, cirrhosis, alcoholic liver disease, inflammatory liver disease (viral hepatitis), exercise, thyroid disease, myopathy, hemolysis and skeletal muscle injury.
AI’s Wave
Authors: Mitcham Carl , Fuchs Lukas
Published: July 2024

Review of "The Coming Wave: Technology, Power, and the Twenty-First Century’s Greatest Dilemma" by Mustafa Suleyman, with Michael Bhaskar.
A Public Path to Building a Star on Earth
Authors: Ford Michael
Published: July 2024

Until fusion technologies can meet society’s goals, government-supported research should remain broad, and stakeholders should resist attempts to narrow its reach.
Microfinance Institutions and Diversification Benefits to Global Investors
Authors: Lee Sukhun , Han Ki , Suk David , Sung Hyunmo
Published: July 2024

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) are major providers of financial services to millions of low-income borrowers in developing countries. MFIs are appealing investment opportunities for both profit and impact investors, offering attractive returns and serving as potentially useful vehicles for diversifying from global financial markets. We employed mean-variance spanning tests to examine these potential diversification benefits of including MFIs in globally diversified portfolios. Our results revealed that the magnitude of diversification benefits depended on the short sales restrictions assumption. When investors were allowed to go short on MFIs, adding MFIs greatly expanded the mean-variance frontier to the left. However, when investors are not allowed to go short on MIFs, the diversification benefits declined significantly. For profit-oriented global institutional investors, actively traded and large capitalized MFIs presented an attractive investable asset class to include in their portfolios. For socially responsible investors, listed MFIs represented an attractive venue to achieve their social aims while at the same time potentially benefiting from expanding their mean-variance efficient frontier to the left. An interesting finding was that even with short sales restrictions, euro and yen investors are expected to receive greater diversification benefits than USD investors.
Transfer of Land Ownership through a Binding Agreement of Sale and Purchase under the Hand (Comparative Study Reviewed in the Perspective of Civil Law and Islamic Law)
Authors: Jamil Robby Awaluddin , Kuspraningrum Emilda , Damanik Amsari
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze the legal strength of the binding sale and purchase agreement under the hand and analyze the legal protection for the buyer if the seller commits a Default on the binding sale and purchase agreement. This research is a doctrinal research. In practice, in the implementation of the Sale and Purchase Agreement, there are still many development actors who do not make the Sale and Purchase Agreement in front of a notary in the form of an authentic deed, but make it in the form of a deed under hand. A Sale and Purchase Agreement made with an authentic deed and a deed under hand has a fundamental difference in terms of its evidentiary strength. The Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement in its implementation in the community cannot always run smoothly, sometimes some factors limit the engagement in continuing or until it becomes invalid, The case can be known that PPJB can be asked for compensation if it is not by the agreement of the parties in the agreement, which in this case the seller commits a breach of performance, while the buyer, in this case, is in good faith by fulfilling what has been As stated in the PPJB, the Agreement can be cancelled if it is not by the subjective conditions or the objective requirements of the agreement as stipulated in article 1320 of the Civil Code.
Att forma vägen till en klimatanpassad framtid: en studie om SMHI:s workshopverktyg ”Framtidsbilder”
Authors: Persson Pavlovic Erik , Björkholm Ruth
Published: July 2024

SMHI har tagit fram ett workshopverktyg för att hjälpa aktörer som arbetar med klimatanpassning att på ett visionärt och kreativt sätt tänka fritt om hur ett framtida klimatanpassat samhälle kan se ut. Centrum för forskning om samhällsrisker (CSR) vid Karlstads universitet fick under 2023 i uppdrag att göra en fördjupad studie av deltagares upplevelse av workshopen och syn på nyttan av den i ett längre tidsperspektiv. Studien har samlat in data från personer som genomfört workshopen under första halvan av 2023 i regi av SMHI, och från personer som genomfört workshopen under andra halvan av 2023 i regi avforskare på CSR. Datainsamling har för Delstudie 1 skett genom enkäter,intervjuer och observationer under genomförd workshop, och för Delstudie 2 skett genom enkäter och intervjuer ett drygt halvår efter genomförd workshop. I studien diskuteras hur workshopen, med sitt fokus på lösningar, positiva budskap och narrativ, är ett lämpligt verktyg för att på ett förutsättningslöst sätt komma framåt i den visionära delen av klimatanpassningsprocessen. Studien visar på betydelsen av att workshopen genomförs i en etablerad klimatanpassningsprocess, där den får spela en roll i ett större sammanhang och kan förankras på ett konstruktivt sätt, och därigenom öka möjligheten att runda barriärer som finns för klimatanpassning. Workshopen skulle kunna fungera som ett fundament i en mer omfattande backcastingprocess (metod där en önskvärd framtid definieras och steg tas bakåt till nutiden för att identifiera policy och åtgärder som kan möjliggöra den önskvärda framtiden) och har potential att skapa större framtidsmedvetenhet hos de som genomför den.
Unveiling the Strategic Importance of Gilgit-Baltistan: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Rinku Rinku ,   Jyotiba Phule Govt. College Radaur Yamunanagar Haryana
Published: July 2024

Gilgit-Baltistan, nestled in the heart of the Himalayas, has emerged as a pivotal region with immense strategic significance in South Asia. Gilgit-Baltistan faces several security challenges, including insurgent activities where some groups seek more rights or autonomy. There are also tensions between different religious groups, mainly Sunni and Shia Muslims, leading to occasional conflicts. Additionally, the region deals with cross-border terrorism especially from neighboring conflict areas like Afghanistan and Kashmir (India). Ethnic and tribal rivalries, along with geopolitical tensions among regional powers, further complicate the security situation. Addressing these challenges requires better governance, law enforcement, community engagement, and cooperation among local, national, and international stakeholders. Promoting peace, dialogue, and socio-economic development are key to ensuring stability in Gilgit-Baltistan. This paper delves into the multifaceted dimensions of its strategic importance, encompassing geopolitical, economic, and security considerations.
Geomorphology, morphodynamic, and surficial material of the Orosi Valley, Costa Rica
Authors: Cortés-Granados Víctor , Quesada-Román Adolfo , Young-Fuentes David
Published: July 2024

The Orosi Valley in Costa Rica holds significant geomorphological importance due to its diverse landscapes shaped by tectonic activity, river systems, erosion processes, and rich biodiversity. Moreover, this valley is important for agriculture, tourism, water reservoirs, and hydroelectricity production. This study presents a comprehensive geomorphological mapping of the Orosi Valley in Costa Rica. Six distinct geomorphological units have been identified and classified through a combination of field surveys, topographic data analysis, and remote sensing techniques. These units include hillslopes, alluvial fans, terraces at the valley margins, volcanic landforms, colluvial deposits, landslide scars, and fluvial landforms. The results provide valuable insights into the geomorphological processes and landform evolution within the Orosi Valley, contributing to scientific knowledge, land use planning, natural hazard assessment, and environmental management in the region. This study holds global importance by deepening the understanding of how geomorphology, disaster risk, and socio-economic development are interconnected. It informs worldwide initiatives to create resilient communities in response to evolving environmental hazards.
Rol de Enfermería en la implementación de protocolos de resucitación y emergencias en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos.
Authors: Otero Suarez Angie Yanely , Mendoza Chávez Miryam Lourdes , Rivera Pin Diana Marisela , García Ocaña Wendy Analy , Montaño Alarcón Rocío del Pilar
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de esta revisión narrativa fue analizar el rol del personal de enfermería en la implementación de protocolos de resucitación y emergencias en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP). Se evaluó cómo la formación continua, el soporte institucional, la colaboración en equipo, la tecnología, y el bienestar del personal influyen en la eficacia de la atención en situaciones críticas. Para ello, se establecieron criterios de inclusión y exclusión específicos y se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos como PubMed, CINAHL y Scopus, utilizando combinaciones de palabras clave y términos MeSH relevantes. Se seleccionaron estudios publicados en los últimos diez años en inglés y español. Los resultados destacan que la capacitación del personal y el soporte institucional adecuado son esenciales para la aplicación efectiva de protocolos en emergencias. El trabajo en equipo y una comunicación efectiva son cruciales para manejar eficazmente las situaciones de alta presión y prevenir errores. Además, se subraya la importancia de gestionar la dependencia tecnológica para evitar despersonalización en el cuidado. La revisión también enfatiza la necesidad de apoyar el bienestar emocional y físico del personal para evitar el agotamiento y asegurar la calidad del cuidado. En conclusión, optimizar los protocolos en UCIP requiere un enfoque integrado que combine educación avanzada, soporte robusto, gestión efectiva de la tecnología, y atención al bienestar del personal.
Comparative analysis of alfalfa cultivation with and without herbicide use to gain insights into the potential for sustainable system development
Authors: Tomić Dalibor , Stevović Vladeta , Bogdanović Nebojša , Marjanović Miloš , Pavlović Nenad , Lazarević Đorđe , Petrović Mirjana , Zornić Vladimir
Published: July 2024

A major problem when establishing alfalfa crops can be the presence of weeds. In intensive systems, weeds are controlled with herbicides, which inevitably contaminate water, soil, air, and food. The work aimed to carry out a comparative analysis between the intensive system of alfalfa cultivation with herbicide use and the cultivation method without herbicide use in order to be able to make recommendations for the development of sustainable management systems in agriculture. A field trial was conducted at the experimental field of the Institute for Animal Husbandry, Zemun, Serbia, using a randomized block design with three replications and three treatments: control treatment (without herbicide application), treatment with bentazon and treatment with imazamox. The forage yield and hay yield in the first cut were significantly reduced in the treatments with herbicide application. The application of herbicides led to a significant reduction in weed biomass. The herbicides had different effects on individual weed species and their proportion in the total weed biomass. The application of herbicides gave no significant reduction in the number of weed species present. The number of weed species decreased over time due to the competitiveness of alfalfa. Under conditions of appropriate agrotechnics, the alfalfa crop can be established without using herbicides, which could be a good practice for sustainable farming systems. In this case, increased weed emergence can be expected in the first cut, which should be used carefully, and a reduction in weed levels can be expected with each subsequent cut.
Effects of adapted quality protein maize on broiler performance
Authors: Kostadinović Marija , Vančetović Jelena , Delić Nenad , Ignjatović-Micić Dragana
Published: July 2024

Quality protein maize (QPM) has high contents of the essential amino acids lysine and tryptophan. The substitution of standard maize (SM) with QPM in feeds can be profitable due to improved livestock performance and decreased use of costly dietary lysine supplementation and protein ingredients. Herein, effects of QPM adapted to temperate climate on broiler performance were tested. A feeding experiment was performed on control (fed with SM) and treatment (fed with QPM) broilers. Each feeding trial of 42 days' duration was carried out in three phases-starter (1-14), grower (15-35) and finisher (36-42). Diets for each growth phase were formulated based on the biochemical analysis of maize kernels. At the end of each growth phase, feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated. In the first experiment, SM was completely replaced with QPM in treatment group diets. The results indicated better FCR in the treatment group for grower (1.51:1.56) and finisher (1.56:1.61) phases. In the second experiment, QPM content was increased and the soybean component decreased by 3%. This time, FCR improvement was even better but in all three phases-1.16:1.33 for starters, 1.28:1.36 for growers and 1.30:1.46 for finishers. These results indicate a significant financial reduction in the cost of feed as the price of soybean is usually two to four times higher than the price of maize. Overall, it can be concluded that using adapted QPM in broiler diets can be profitable for both feed industry and broiler producers.
The economic and environmental factors' influence on HDI in Southeast European countries
Authors: Madžar Lidija , Gajić Aleksandar , Kačarević Slavica
Published: July 2024

Human development can be defined as the process of enriching the basic freedoms, capabilities and opportunities of individuals with the aim of improving their general well-being. This concept includes the people's knowledge, abilities and skills enrichment, the expansion of their possibilities of choice, the encouragement of freedoms and the human rights enjoyment as wider determinants of the societal development. This article is devoted to the study of the impact of some economic and environmental factors on the Human Development Index (HDI) in nine selected countries of Southeast Europe in the period from 2006 to 2019. In addition to the presented HDI calculation methodology, the article also uses the Cross-sectional Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) estimation technique, which indicated a positive and significant impact of the living standard, but at the same time a negative and significant impact of industrial development and the service sector on the HDI. On the other hand, a negative and significant impact of renewable energy sources is also observable, which suggests that decision-makers should encourage appropriate measures, innovations and investments in renewable energy sources more intensively with the aim of boosting further human development and environmental protection.