bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacy Technology to Better Public Health
Authors: Muhammad Shahid , Safaei Hooman , Muhammad Tariq
Published: November 2018

Healthcare access and delivery faces significant global and local challenges. This article aimed to explore the public's use of pharmacy services and aimed to obtain 200 completed surveys across eight districts of Bristol, UK, from non-registered pharmacy premises. Respondents reported as follows: 1) ability to order a repeat prescription (79.47%), 2) ability to collect a repeat prescription (72.63%), 3) ability to collect an acute prescription (66.84%), ability to purchase over the counter (OTC) medicines (59.79%), 4) followed by asking for specific advice on prescription medicines (48.42%), and 5) minor ailments (44.15%). Respondents had used the pharmacy at least once for collecting a repeat prescription for a routine medication (59.47%) or acute prescription (55.79%) and for buying OTC medicines (47.89%). Majority of respondents never approached a community pharmacist to specifically ask advice on medicines (51.32%). Participants had not ever approached a community pharmacist for minor ailment/health advice (71.58%).
The Nutritional and Health Potential of Blackjack (Bidens pilosa l.)
Authors: Mboya Rose Mujila
Published: November 2018

Blackjack (bidens pilosa l.) grows naturally as a perennial herb across the world, especially in tropical regions, and it is used in many parts of the world for treating illnesses such as diarrhea, indigestion, wounds, and respiratory infections. Blackjack's agricultural and pharmaceutical benefits have been well studied by scientists, following which several suggestions for using it as a source of supplements and alternative antibiotics have been made. Moreover, blackjack is edible but very much underutilized for food purposes. In this article, the author reviews the advantages and disadvantages of blackjack and argues for the deliberation of promoting its use for food.
Pricing for Complementary and Substitute Products Simultaneously in the Package-Sale and Separate-Sale
Authors: Ledari Ashkan Mohsenzadeh , Khamseh Alireza Arshadi , Naderi Bahman
Published: November 2018

In this article, the authors present a model for the pricing of a substitute and complementary products (four commodities) while the seller delivers the products individually, in the form of a package to the final customer, and compares the profits from the sale of each scenario. Also, a comparative study has been completed. In the package sale, two complementary products are delivered in one package, but each item is sold in separate sales. The demand function for each product is a function of the price. To illustrate the validity of the model, numerical examples have been used and a sensitivity analysis has been done on the important parameters in the problem.
Implementation of Algorithms for Identity Based Encryption and Decryption
Authors: Balasubramanian Kannan , Rajakani M.
Published: November 2018

Identity-based cryptosystems were introduced to overcome one of the main problems in public key encryption, the generation of public and private keys. In the identity-based cryptosystem, an identifier such as an e-mail address of a user can be used to generate public and private keys by a trusted third party. The trusted third party uses a system-wide master secret to provide private keys to a user. Identity-based cryptosystems can be constructed using the idea of pairings. This article discusses four different identity-based cryptosystems: the Boneh-Franklin scheme, the Cock's scheme, the Authenticated IBE scheme and the Hierarchical IBE scheme. This article also discusses the security notions considered for the identity-based cryptosystem. The security notions considered are: one-wayness, indistinguishability, semantic security and non-malleability. An architecture consisting of a public parameter server and private key generator for the implementation of the identity-based cryptosystems is also discussed.
Moth Flame Optimization Algorithm Range-Based for Node Localization Challenge in Decentralized Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Miloud Mihoubi , Abdellatif Rahmoun , Lorenz Pascal
Published: November 2018

Recently developments in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have raised numerous challenges, node localization is one of these issues. The main goal in of node localization is to find accurate position of sensors with low cost. Moreover, very few works in the literature addressed this issue. Recent approaches for localization issues rely on swarm intelligence techniques for optimization in a multi-dimensional space. In this article, we propose an algorithm for node localization, namely Moth Flame Optimization Algorithm (MFOA). Nodes are located using Euclidean distance, thus set as a fitness function in the optimization algorithm. Deploying this algorithm on a large WSN with hundreds of sensors shows pretty good performance in terms of node localization. Computer simulations show that MFOA converge rapidly to an optimal node position. Moreover, compared to other swarm intelligence techniques such as Bat algorithm (BAT), particle swarm optimization (PSO), Differential Evolution (DE) and Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), MFOA is shown to perform much better in node localization task.
Efficient Routing Protocol for Location Privacy Preserving in Internet of Things
Authors: Kaur Rajwinder , Verma Karan , Jain Shelendra Kumar , Kesswani Nishtha
Published: November 2018

Internet of Things is a norm which has expanded very swiftly with high magnitude of heterogeneity and functionalities. Security and privacy became the prime factors of Internet of Things due to unsecured character of wireless communication. Thus, because of unsecured network, it is easy for invaders to trace and find the position of nodes during communication and leak the information. Issues related to location information may include sharing of information, storage, sensing, and processing which can be used by external entities in different contexts, i.e. contexts can be: technical, legal, and social. These issues make privacy a major concern. Here, the research this article presents notions of existing privacy models and the amplified techniques using a random path. The article then describes possible solutions to preserve the location of nodes with less transmission time. Results of proposed scheme depict effectual behavior of the approach.
A Survey
Authors: Choudhary Sarika , Kesswani Nishtha
Published: November 2018

The latest buzzword in internet technology nowadays is the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things (IoT) is an ever-growing network which will transform real-world objects into smart or intelligent virtual objects. IoT is a heterogeneous network in which devices with different protocols can connect with each other in order to exchange information. These days, human life depends upon the smart things and their activities. Therefore, implementing protected communications in the IoT network is a challenge. Since the IoT network is secured with authentication and encryption, but not secured against cyber-attacks, an Intrusion Detection System is needed. This research article focuses on IoT introduction, architecture, technologies, attacks and IDS. The main objective of this article is to provide a general idea of the Internet of Things, various intrusion detection techniques, and security attacks associated with IoT.
Exploring ITIL® Implementation Challenges in Latin American Companies
Authors: Lucio-Nieto Teresa , González-Bañales Dora Luz
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this article is to explore the challenges faced when implementing the information technology infrastructure library (ITIL) framework. An online survey was completed by 169 Latin American companies. Questions focused mainly on the current perceptions and assessment of ITIL benefits. A descriptive statistical analysis approach was employed. Evidence suggests that the main challenges of implementing ITIL are the time devoted by the information technology staff involved in the project, their understanding of ITIL purposes, and the support they receive from senior management. Participants suggested that the existence of a service management office (SMO) could represent a way of addressing these challenges and to more effectively realize ITIL benefits.
Towards Real-Time Multi-Sensor Golf Swing Classification Using Deep CNNs
Authors: Jiao Libin , Wu Hao , Bie Rongfang , Umek Anton , Kos Anton
Published: November 2018

In recent years, smart sports equipment and body sensor systems have become popular in professional and amateur sports. One of a few remaining problems in real-time applications is the discovery of knowledge from the embedded sensors data. In sports training, such knowledge helps accelerated motor learning. The authors start with exploring the possibilities of the classification of golf swing performance with the 1-D convolutional neural network (CNN) in real-time. They thoroughly investigate multiple golf swing data classifiers based on CNNs fed with multi-sensor signals. The authors test the possibilities of real-time performance of CNN methods on the multi-length sequences. In addition, they thoroughly evaluate the performance of their well-trained CNN-based classifier on the aforementioned test set in terms of common indicators. Experiments and corresponding results show that the authors' models can satisfy the real-time requirement of the accuracy of the classification and outperform support vector machine (SVM).
Research on Methodology of Correlation Analysis of Sci-Tech Literature Based on Deep Learning Technology in the Big Data
Authors: Zeng Wen , Xu Hongjiao , Li Hui , Li Xiang
Published: November 2018

In the big data era, it is a great challenge to identify high-level abstract features out of a flood of sci-tech literature to achieve in-depth analysis of data. The deep learning technology has developed rapidly and achieved applications in many fields, but has rarely been utilized in the research of sci-tech literature data. This article introduced the presentation method of vector space of terminologies in sci-tech literature based on the deep learning model. It explored and adopted a deep AE model to reduce the dimensionality of input word vector feature. Also put forward is the methodology of correlation analysis of sci-tech literature based on deep learning technology. The experimental results showed that the processing of sci-tech literature data could be simplified into the computation of vectors in the multi-dimensional vector space, and the similarity in vector space could be used to represent similarity in text semantics. The correlation analysis of subject contents between sci-tech literatures of the same or different types can be made using this method.
Predicting Employees' Job Satisfaction with People-related TQM Practices: Case in Apparel Manufacturing Industry, Sri Lanka
Authors: Chathurika H.J. , Dileepa M.E.W.
Published: November 2018

People-Related Total Quality Management (PRTQM) practices mainly involve with the "soft" performance of the organization as same as human resource practices. Therefore, the PRTQM practices have a direct impact on employee satisfaction. Job satisfaction is identified as the main construct which effects on employees' commitment level, which leads to the productivity of the human resource. This paper focuses on to identify the relationship between the PRTQM practices and employees' Job Satisfaction in the context of the Apparel Manufacturing sector in Western Province in Sri Lanka. Senior level managers who belong to the areas of Production and Quality of 15 randomly selected Apparel Manufacturing organizations were used as the sample and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Psychometric evaluation of the measuring tool was done through Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Reliability Analysis. The Correlation Analysis was used to measure the strength and the significance of the relationship between the level of PRTQM practices and employees' Job Satisfaction. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis was used to measure the impact of individual PRTQM factors on the Job Satisfaction of senior Managers. Results of this study illustrated a positive relationship between PRTQM practices and employees' Job Satisfaction. The average level of Job Satisfaction and identification of the opportunities for Teamwork are significantly higher in females than their male counterparts. Compensation has no significant impact on Satisfaction. The level of influences of Leadership, Training opportunities, Empowerment, and Involvement, on the Job Satisfaction, varied according to the gender of the employee. Opportunities for Teamwork, Leadership, and Involvement are the significant factors for the Job Satisfaction of male employees but the Involvement and the Empowerment are the significant factors for the female employees. Ignoring the gender difference of the senior managers, Involvement, Leadership, and opportunities for Teamwork, together shows significant impact (R2= .381) on the Job Satisfaction of employees in the Apparel Manufacturing sector.
Isolated Lower motor neuron type facial nerve palsy: An unusual manifestation of Dengue haemorragic fever
Authors: Sunantha S. , Peranantharajah T. , Nisahan B.
Published: November 2018

Dengue is a febrile illness caused by infection with one of four dengue viruses (DENV). It is highly endemic in many tropical countries. Nervous system involvement is seen with serotypes 2 and 3. Neurological manifestations in dengue fever are rare and include encephalopathy, meningitis, acute pure motor weakness, mononeuropathies, transverse myelitis, stroke (both hemorrhagic and ischemic), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Guillain Barre Syndrome, hypokalemic paralysis and neuromyelitis optica. Only a few cases of isolated facial nerve palsy in dengue haemorragic fever has been reported.
An unusual presentation of generalized tetanus as dysphagia
Authors: Powthira R. , Peranantharajah T. , Nisahan B.
Published: November 2018

Tetanus is a disease caused by the toxin produced by Clostridium tetani, a Gram negative anaerobic spore forming bacillus. Infection acquired from body piercing and puncture wound; intravenous drug abuse, surgical interventions, septic abortion and through infected umbilical stump. After inoculation C.tetani transform into a vegetative rod shaped bacterium and produces metalloproteases such as tetanospasmin and tetanolysin. Tetanospasmin is responsible for painful muscle rigidity and autonomic instability via inactivating inhibitory neurotransmission. The role of tetanolysin is not known.
Ciclosporin! A significant role in Resistant Dermatomyositis
Authors: Aravinthan N. , Vijeyaratnam D.
Published: November 2018

Inflammatory myopathies represent largest group of acquired and potentially treatable cause of skeletal muscle weakness. The goal of therapy is to improve muscle strength and thereby improving function in activities of daily living and ameliorate extra muscular manifestations.
Development of rectal cancer in a young patient with a retained rectum after total colectomy for Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Raviraj S. , Ahilan N.
Published: November 2018

Familial Adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited disorder and it represents the most common gastro intestinal Polyposis syndrome. The mutation of germ line in the APC gene is the main cause for FAP. The FAP is an inherited syndrome characterized by multiple (more than hundred) polyps in the colorectum with high risk of colorectal carcinoma and existence of extra colonic manifestations. Cancer prevention and maintaining a good quality of life are the main goals of management. The recommended surgical modalities are total proctocolectomy and ileoanal pouch or ileorectal anastomosis for AFAP.
Polycystic ovary syndrome – an overview
Authors: Muhunthan K.
Published: November 2018

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition that has a number of reproductive and general health implications in adults. It is also currently considered the commonest endocrine condition to affect women with an estimated prevalence of 10–15%. Anyhow this prevalence rate depends on the population studied and the diagnostic criteria used.There is significant heterogeneity of presentation, such that signs and symptoms manifest across a spectrum and their severity may vary.PCOS appears to be underdiagnosed and, as a result, patients may not be managed appropriately. Management of PCOS may require the collaboration of a variety of healthcare professionals.
The religious statement of the Voortrekker Monument as a site of Afrikaner memory: Origin, composition and reception
Authors: Britz Dolf
Published: November 2018

The religious statement made by the Voortrekker Monument is part and parcel of its meaning and symbolism. This aspect of its composition and intention has not yet been submitted to thorough theological-critical investigation and scrutiny. Stepping into the gap, this article traces the religious intention and intonation of the Monument. The first part of the article entails the history of the Moerdyk design, based on antique Egyptian religious architecture. Then a discussion of the way in which the architect blended his (Egyptian) design with the religious spirituality and nationalism of the Afrikaner is presented. The last section deals with the altar text in the heart of the building: ‘We for thee, South Africa’. This secular text constitutes the religious statement of the memorial. Care should therefore be taken to embed the symbolism and meaning of the building in the Christian faith or the so-called Calvinism of the Afrikaner. The engagement with the Monument’s religious statement revealed a sacrificed religion trapped in a still remarkable commemorative building.
Sexual reproductive healthcare utilisation and HIV testing in an integrated adolescent youth centre clinic in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Mendelsohn Andrea S. , Gill Katherine , Marcus Rebecca , Robbertze Dante , Van de Venter Claudine , Mendel Eve , Mzukwa Landisiwe , Bekker Linda-Gail
Published: November 2018

Background: HIV prevalence is increasing among South African youth, but HIV counselling and testing (HCT) remains low. Adolescent pregnancy rates are also high.Objectives: Innovative strategies are needed to increase HIV and pregnancy screening and prevention among youth.Method: The Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation Youth Centre (DTHF-YC) offers integrated, incentivised sexual and reproductive health (SRH), educational and recreational programmes. We compared HCT and contraception rates between the DTHF-YC and a public clinic (PC) in Cape Town to estimate the impact of DTHF-YC on youth contraception and HCT utilisation.Results: In 2015, females < 18 years had 3.74 times (confidence interval [CI]: 3.37–4.15) more contraception visits at DTHF-YC versus PC. There were no differences in the contraception and adherence was suboptimal. DTHF-YC youth (aged 15–24 years) were 1.85 times (CI: 1.69–2.01) more likely to undergo HCT versus PC, while male youth were 3.83 times (CI: 3.04–4.81) more likely to test at DTHF-YC. Youth were a third less likely to test HIV-positive at DTHF-YC versus PC. Female sex, older age, clinic attendance for contraception and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), redeeming incentives and high DTHF-YC attendance were all independent factors associated with increased HCT.Conclusion: Youth were significantly more likely to access SRH services at DTHF-YC compared with the PC. The differences were greatest in contraception use by female adolescents < 18 years and HCT by male youth. Increased HCT did not increase youth HIV case detection. Data from DTHF-YC suggest that youth-friendly healthcare providers integrated into community youth spaces may increase youth HCT and contraception rates.
Eigenvalues of minimal Cantor systems
Authors: Durand Fabien , Frank Alexander , Maass Alejandro
Published: November 2018

In this article we give necessary and sufficient conditions for a complex number to be a continuous eigenvalue of a minimal Cantor system. Similarly, for minimal Cantor systems of finite rank, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for having a measure-theoretical eigenvalue. These conditions are established from the combinatorial information on the Bratteli–Vershik representations of such systems. As an application, from any minimal Cantor system, we construct a strong orbit equivalent system without irrational continuous eigenvalues which shares all measure-theoretical eigenvalues with the original system. In a second application a minimal Cantor system is constructed satisfying the so-called maximal continuous eigenvalue group property.
Literary translators as interpreters, moderators or even writers
Authors: Maček Amalija
Published: November 2018

Literaturübersetzer übernehmen viele Rollen, die über das eigentliche Übersetzen hinausgehen. Der vorliegende Beitrag konzentriert sich auf die Rolle des Moderators und Konsekutivdolmetschers von Lesungen, als auch auf die Rolle des Autors. Die Umfrage erreichte nur eine kleinere Anzahl von Teilnehmern, jedoch konnte sie bestätigen, dass Literaturübersetzer von den Veranstaltern aus finanziellen Gründen oft fast „gezwungen“ werden zu moderieren und zu dolmetschen. Diejenigen, die wenigstens eine kurze Schulung auf diesem Gebiet genossen haben, dolmetschen gerne und nach eigenen Aussagen auch gut. Diejenigen, die versuchen ohne Vorkenntnisse und ohne Notizen zu dolmetschen, haben meist schlechte Erfahrungen gemacht. Es zeigt sich der Bedarf nach Dolmetschkursen für Literaturübersetzer, die sowohl von Universitäten als auch von Übersetzerverbänden organisiert werden könnten. Umgekehrt könnten auch Konferenzdolmetscher vom Literaturunterricht während ihrer Ausbildung profitieren. Die Umfrage bestätigte auch die gängige Vorstellung, dass Literaturübersetzer meist „verhinderte“ Autoren sind und gerne auch selbst schreiben würden. Auf jeden Fall sollte man den Literaturübersetzern den ihnen gebührenden Künstlerstatus anerkennen und sie nicht wie Dienstleister behandeln.
Sir Richard Francis Burton Reconsidered and His Travels to Slovenian Lands
Authors: Maver Igor
Published: November 2018

Sir Arnold Wilson delivered a lecture before the Royal Asiatic Society on 27 May 1937 in London at 74 Grosvenor Street as the Fifth Burton Memorial Lecture. Regardless of the fact that Burton was indeed an orientalist and an exponent of the British Empire, he nonetheless often challenged many aspects of the dominant British ethnocentrism of his day and decided to ’go native’ and get thus immersed into and possibly become part of the culture of the then Other. In his texts he sometimes openly critized the colonial policies and practices of the British Empire, which can be seen also in the selection of Burton’s extracts of texts presented at the Fifth Memorial Lecture discussed here. The article also brings the descriptions of his travels to Lipica on Slovenian ground within the Austro-Hungarian empire.
Anglo-American Cultural Influence in Slovenia: The Case of Personal Names
Authors: Sicherl Eva
Published: November 2018

The article aims to address the growing tendency of Slovene native speakers towards borrowing English personal names when naming their new-borns. Statistical data confirm that foreign (and, with that, English) names have increased in the past decades, and statistical lists illustrate how in the case of personal names, ’exoticisms’ (e.g. Liam, Patrick, Nick, listed among the most popular 200 first names in the 2001-2015 period) compete with name forms that have been adapted and nativised long ago (e.g. Patrik), or are currently being introduced for the first time into Slovene. The influx of name borrowings from English is discussed from the point of view of pragmatic borrowing as advocated by Andersen (2014). A historical overview of the borrowing of English personal names into Slovene is given, and the role of English as the model discussed. Such pragmatically borrowed items carry significant sociolinguistic signals about the borrowers’ attitudes, and these are analysed, based on questionnaires completed by parents of children aged 2-6. The significance of Anglo-American cultural influence is thus sought to be evaluated.
Tit Makij Plavt: Perzijec, Kazina
Authors: Marinčič Marko
Published: November 2018

Vsak čas bomo imeli v slovenščini vse klasične grške tragedije. Tudi površni Tavčarjevi in pogosto arhaični Sovretovi prevodi bodo kmalu brez izjeme nadomeščeni z novimi, modernimi. Gantarjevi prevodi Sofokla in Ajshila tudi po več desetletjih učinkujejo moderno; gledališkemu občinstvu, vajenemu shakespearovskega in schillerjanskega blankverza, so povsem domači. Podobno bi moralo veljati za rimske tragedije in komedije, ki se jih prav v zadnjem času loteva vrsta mlajših prevajalcev in prevajalcev srednjih let. Vendar je priložnosti, da bi bili ti prevodi deležni odrske preizkušnje, žal bolj malo. Celo Seneka, ki je na nemških odrih že desetletja hit, se pri nas stežka uveljavlja.
American Communist Idealism in George Cram Cook’s The Athenian Women (1918)
Authors: Hall Edith
Published: November 2018

The Athenian Women, written by the American George Cram Cook with input from Susan Glaspell, is a serious, substantial play drawing chiefly on Lysistrata and Thesmophoriazusae. It premiered on March 1st 1918 with the Provincetown Players. Cook was convinced of parallels between the Peloponnesian War and World War I. He believed there had been communists in Periclean Athens comparable to those who were making strides in Russia (in 1922 to become the USSR) and the socialists in America, amongst whom he and Glaspell counted themselves. The paper examines the text and production contexts of The Athenian Women, traces its relationships with several different ancient Greek authors including Thucydides as well as Aristophanes, and identifies the emphatically stated socialist and feminist politics articulated by the two main ‘proto-communist’ characters, Lysicles and Aspasia. Although the play was not particularly successful, its production had a considerable indirect impact on the future directions taken by left-wing theatre in the USA, through the subsequent dramas of Glaspell and Eugene O’Neill for the Provincetown Players.
Ancient Drama and Reception of Antiquity in the Theatre and Drama of the German Democratic Republic (GDR)
Authors: Seidensticker Bernd
Published: November 2018

Theatre in the German Democratic Republic was an essential part of the state propaganda machine and was strictly controlled by the cultural bureaucracy and by the party. Until the early sixties, ancient plays were rarely staged. In the sixties, classical Greek drama became officially recognised as part of cultural heritage. Directors free to stage the great classical playwrights selected ancient plays, on one hand, to escape the grim socialist reality, on the other to criticise it using various forms of Aesopian language. Two important dramatists and three examples of plays are presented and discussed: an adaptation of an Aristophanic comedy (Peter Hack’s adaptation of Aristophanes’ Peace at the Deutsche Theater in Berlin in 1962), a play based on a Sophoclean tragedy (Heiner Müller’s Philoktet, published in 1965, staged only in 1977), and a short didactic play (Lehrstück) based on Roman history (Heiner Müller’s Der Horatier, written in 1968, staged in 1973 in Hamburg in West Germany, and in the GDR only in 1988). At the end there is a brief look at a production of Aeschylus Seven against Thebes at the BE in 1969.
Los k’ajchas* y los proyectos de industria y nación en Bolivia (1935-1940)
Authors: Romano Rossana Barragán
Published: November 2018

La Convención de 1938, realizada en la administración presidencial de los “Socialistas Militares”, fue expresión de la crisis política que desencadenó la Guerra del Chaco (1932-1935) anunciando las medidas que marcarían gran parte del siglo XX (el mayor rol del estado en la economía, la distribución de la tierra, las políticas hacia los recursos naturales, la ciudadanía de indígenas y de mujeres). Uno de los puntos considerados es si se arrendaban las minas abandonadas del cerro de Potosí a los llamados k’ajchas ¿Quiénes eran? ¿Eran pequeños propietarios y patrones? ¿Eran obreros proletarios o eran primitivos mineros? ¿Había que favorecerlos cuando tenían sistemas obsoletos y atrasados de explotación o había que crear sistemas industriales en “manos de la nación”? El trabajo reconstruye, en base a los periódicos de la época y a los redactores de la Convención, la situación de los k’ajchas en el período de crisis económica del estaño y de crisis política del país, analizando también las diversas interpretaciones y los diferentes proyectos que se plantearon en torno a la existencia de grandes empresarios como Mauricio Hothshild, en torno a los proletarios, y en torno a los pequeños mineros. Uno de los argumentos fundamentales que se plantea, es que la industrialización no fue posible pensarse en el contexto de la Convención a partir de los pequeños trabajadores, sino más bien, a través de la construcción de una industria en poder del Estado con sus propios obreros.
Direitos políticos e representação no Brasil Republicano (1891-1934)
Authors: Viscardi Cláudia
Published: November 2018

Trata-se de uma discussão acerca de dois tipos de direitos políticos – o de voto e o de representação parlamentar – ao longo das primeiras décadas republicanas brasileiras (1891-1934). Com base no estudo das leis eleitorais, das primeiras duas constituições republicanas, da análise dos anais parlamentares e de dicionários de época, entre outras fontes, pretende-se discutir o tema geral da cidadania política, comparando dois períodos distintos da república brasileira. Destaca-se para o segundo período a criação da representação corporativa, o que nos conduziu a refletir sobre o seu papel na ampliação da cidadania política. O artigo envolve também um diálogo com as reflexões em torno do conceito de cidadania e de seus usos para a análise da realidade brasileira.
Reactive nitrogen (NOy) and ozone responses to energetic electron precipitation during Southern Hemisphere winter
Authors: Arsenovic Pavle , Damiani Alessandro , Rozanov Eugene , Funke Bernd , Stenke Andrea , Peter Thomas
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) affects the chemistry of the polar middle atmosphere by producing reactive nitrogen (NOy) and hydrogen (HOx) species, which then catalytically destroy ozone. Recently, there have been major advances in constraining these particle impacts through a parametrization based on high quality observations. Here we investigate the effects of low (auroral) and middle (radiation belt) energy range electrons, separately and in combination, on reactive nitrogen and hydrogen species as well as on ozone during Southern Hemisphere winters from 2002 to 2010 using the chemistry-climate model SOCOL3-MPIOM. Our results show that, in absence of solar proton events, low energy electrons produce the majority of NOy in the polar mesosphere and stratosphere. In the polar vortex, NOy subsides and affects ozone at lower altitudes, down to 10 hPa. Comparing a year with high electron precipitation with a quiescent period, we found large ozone depletion in the mesosphere; as the anomaly propagates downward, 15 % less ozone is found in the stratosphere during winter, which is confirmed by satellite observations. Only with both low and middle energy electrons, our model reproduces the observed stratospheric ozone anomaly.
Tropospheric delay performance for GNSS integrated water vapor estimation by using GPT2w model, ECMWF's IFS operational model and in situ meteorological data
Authors: Oikonomou Christina , Tymvios Filippos , Pikridas Christos , Bitharis Stylianos , Balidakis Kyriakos , Michaelides Silas , Haralambous Haris , Charalambous Demetris
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Tropospheric delay comprises one of the most important error sources in
satellite navigation and is caused when radio signals broadcasted by GPS
satellites propagate into the atmosphere. It is usually projected onto zenith
direction by using mapping functions named as Zenith Tropospheric Delay
(ZTD). ZTD is described as the sum of the Zenith Hydrostatic Delay (ZHD) and
the Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) and with the aid of surface pressure and
temperature the integrated water vapor can be estimated. The main objective
of this study is to evaluate the tropospheric delay performance for GNSS
integrated water vapor estimation by using GPT2w model, ECMWF's IFS (ECMWF
stands for the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) reanalysis
model and ground meteorological data from two stations of the permanent
network of Cyprus and Greece. The period from 27 May to 3 June 2018 is
characterized by two different synoptic conditions: high pressure with fair
weather in central Mediterranean (Greece), on the one hand, and high
instability over the upper levels of the atmosphere that resulted in
thunderstorms inland and mountainous areas during midday over the Eastern
Mediterranean (Cyprus), on the other hand. In general, the results show that
both the empirical blind model GPT2w and the ECMWF (IFS) operational model
perform well in particular over Nicosia when used for the retrieval of
Integrated Water Vapor (IWV) from GNSS measurements, although appreciable
deviations were observed between ECMWF (IFS)-retrieved IWV and the one
retrieved from GNSS observations by using meteorological measurements. A
sharp increase of IWV prior to the abrupt rainfall events during noon on 30 and 31 May over Nicosia was also found.
Twin-plate Ice Nucleation Assay (TINA) with infrared detection for high-throughput droplet freezing experiments with biological ice nuclei in laboratory and field samples
Authors: Kunert Anna T. , Lamneck Mark , Helleis Frank , Pöschl Ulrich , Pöhlker Mira L. , Fröhlich-Nowoisky Janine
Published: November 2018

Abstract. For efficient analysis and characterization of biological ice nuclei under
immersion freezing conditions, we developed the Twin-plate Ice Nucleation Assay
(TINA) for high-throughput
droplet freezing experiments, in which the temperature profile and freezing
of each droplet is tracked by an infrared detector. In the fully automated
setup, a couple of independently cooled aluminum blocks carrying two 96-well
plates and two 384-well plates, respectively, are available to study ice
nucleation and freezing events simultaneously in hundreds of microliter-range
droplets (0.1–40 µL). A cooling system with two refrigerant
circulation loops is used for high-precision temperature control (uncertainty
<0.2 K), enabling measurements over a wide range of temperatures
(∼ 272–233 K) at variable cooling rates (up to 10 K min−1). The TINA instrument was tested and characterized in experiments with
bacterial and fungal ice nuclei (IN) from Pseudomonas syringae (Snomax®) and Mortierella alpina, exhibiting freezing curves in good agreement with literature
data. Moreover, TINA was applied to investigate the influence of chemical
processing on the activity of biological IN, in particular the effects of
oxidation and nitration reactions. Upon exposure of
Snomax® to O3 and NO2, the cumulative
number of IN active at 270–266 K decreased by more than 1 order of
magnitude. Furthermore, TINA was used to study aqueous extracts of
atmospheric aerosols, simultaneously investigating a multitude of samples
that were pre-treated in different ways to distinguish different kinds of
IN. For example, heat treatment and filtration indicated that most
biological IN were larger than 5 µm. The results confirm that TINA is
suitable for high-throughput experiments and efficient analysis of
biological IN in laboratory and field samples.
Brief communication: Strengthening coherence between climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction
Authors: Mysiak Jaroslav , Castellari Sergio , Kurnik Blaz , Swart Rob , Pringle Patrick , Schwarze Reimund , Wolters Henk , Jeuken Ad , van der Linden Paul
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Reducing disaster risks and adapting to climate change are ever more important policy goals in Europe and worldwide. The commitment to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and complementary multilateral frameworks, including the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, has galvanized pursuits for policy coherence. The report Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction in Europe: enhancing coherence of the knowledge base, policies and practices of the European Environment Agency identified several ways for how coherence and resilience can be built through knowledge sharing, collaboration and investments.
Impact of wildfires on Canada's oil sands facilities
Authors: Khakzad Nima
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Exponential growth of oil and gas facilities in wildlands from one side and an anticipated increase of global warming from the other have exposed such facilities to an ever-increasing risk of wildfires. Extensive oil sands operations in Canadian wildlands, especially in the province of Alberta, along with the recent massive wildfires in the province, require the development of quantitative risk assessment (QRA) methodologies which are presently lacking in the context of wildfire-related technological accidents. The present study is an attempt to integrate Canadian online wildfire information systems with current QRA techniques in a dynamic risk assessment framework for wildfire-prone process plants. The developed framework can easily be customized to other process plants potentially exposed to wildfires worldwide, provided that the required wildfire information is available.
Music in Avant-Garde Periodicals
Authors: Calico Joy H.
Published: November 2018

This article examines the role of music in avant-garde periodicals, with emphasis on Arnold Schoenberg, using the corpuses of the Blue Mountain Project and the Modernist Journals Project. Analysis was conducted using XQuery to query the text base of the Blue Mountain corpus for music constituents (notation) in combination with full-text searching in the public interface of both collections. Musical notation is rare in nonmusic journals, and instances are conspicuous. Searching for Schoenberg in multilingual corpuses requires accounting for transliteration and misspellings to capture all occurrences. All such events are analyzed for content and context.
What Makes Dada Dada? A Response to Thompson and Mimno
Authors: Rentzou Effie
Published: November 2018

This is a response to Laure Thompson and David Mimno's “Computational Cut-Ups: The Influence of Dada.”
The Little Magazine, Remediated
Authors: Bulson Eric
Published: November 2018

The history of little magazines over the course of the twentieth century has been intimately bound up with their remediation, first as microfilm, reprints, and anastatic copies in the 1940s, 50s, and 60s, and now, in our own moment, as digitized documents. This article traces the complex evolution of the little magazine as a remediated form and offers some theoretical reflections on ways that it can be used to help think about modernism and the practice of curating the digital archives used to define it.
Lexical case marking affects the processing of animacy in simple verbs, but not particle verbs: Evidence from event-related potentials
Authors: Czypionka Anna , Eulitz Carsten
Published: November 2018

In case-marking languages like German, nonstandard nominative-dative verbs lead to enhanced processing costs. So far, it is unclear if these case-marking effects reflect the special syntax or semantics of nominative-dative verbs. We present the results of two ERP experiments aimed to disentangle semantic and syntactic contributions to lexical case-marking by manipulating object animacy and case-marking for two verb types: simple verbs (nonstandard syntax and semantics for nominative-dative verbs) and particle verbs (nonstandard semantics only). Simple nominative-dative verbs show effects of case-marking, and no animacy effects. Particle verbs show no effects of case-marking, and animacy effects for nominative-accusative and nominative-dative verbs. Our findings suggest that lexical case-marking effects reflect the special syntax, rather than semantics, of simple nominative-dative verbs.
On the Ecological Validity of Memory Research: Generalization to Memory for Chess Positions
Authors: Lane David M.
Published: November 2018

Although there is often a tradeoff between experimental control and ecological validity, there are good arguments that the study of memory for chess positions allows a high level of both. For example, chess is a very complex game, and remembering chess positions is in many ways comparable to the memory involved in real-world tasks. Accordingly, chess has been called the Drosophila of cognitive science. This article reviews several key findings in memory and assesses whether they generalize to memory for chess positions. Specifically, research on the role of thinking and comprehension on memory, memory’s reconstructive nature, contextual effects on memory, and the effects of encoding instructions on memory are reviewed. In each of these cases, established memory phenomena generalize to the chess domain. This demonstrates that key findings from experimental memory studies hold in contexts outside the ones in which they were discovered and supports the ecological validity and generality of these findings.
From Psychology to Psychodemography: How the Adoption of Population-Level Statistical Methods Transformed Psychological Science
Authors: Lamiell James
Published: November 2018

At its inception, experimental psychology was devoted to the study of single subjects in the quest for knowledge of what is true “in general,” in the sense of being common to all of the investigated individuals. Gradually, however, the discipline abandoned the single-subject approach in favor of a treatment group approach. This latter approach is reliant on populationlevel statistical methods and is suited to the quest for knowledge of what holds for individuals “in general” only in the sense of true on average. In the present article, I argue that this epistemically radical change in investigative methods effectively transformed the discipline, in a way that has remained largely unrecognized, from a genuine psychology into a species of demography, that is, from a discipline formally suited to advancing our knowledge about the psychological functioning of individuals into one suited only to the production of knowledge about populations. The implications of this transformation for the discipline moving forward are briefly considered.
Rejoinder to Proctor and Xiong
Authors: Lamiell James
Published: November 2018

This article rejoins the commentary by Proctor and Xiong on the article by Lamiell in this issue. It explains why treatment group experimentation is appropriately understood as essentially demographic and why the validity of this view is not negated by a probabilistic interpretation of Thorndike’s (1911) understanding of aggregate statistics. Other points made by Proctor and Xiong are also addressed.
Music, Sound, and Affect in Yiddish-Language Holocaust Cinema: The Posttraumatic Community in Natan Gross’s Unzere kinder (1948)
Authors: Biddle Ian
Published: November 2018

This article explores some of the makeshift musical strategies used in Natan Gross’s Yiddish-language feature film Unzere kinder (Poland, 1948) to tell the stories of a group of Jewish children orphaned during the Holocaust. The article explores the notion of “posttraumatic” cinema through an analysis of the film’s soundtrack.
The Times of the Faculty: Variations in the Length of the Workweek of Faculty at Flemish Universities
Authors: Rossem Ronan Van
Published: November 2018

Over the past decade discontent in Flemish universities with the increased work load of faculty members has risen. This study is the first to examine how many hours a week senior researcher (postdocs and faculty) in Flemish universities actually work.

The data used stems from the 2010 Survey of Senior Researcher conducted among senior researchers at the five Flemish universities. 1195 respondents provided information on their working hours.

Senior researchers worked on the average 50.4 hours a week, with 12% reporting to work more than 60 hours a week. The number of hours worked varied significantly with rank, where respondents in more senior ranks reported to work more hours. Once one controls for rank any gender differences in number of hours work disappear.

We did observe a significant trade-off between the time spent on various activities. Postdocs spent more time on research than the other ranks, and senior professors spent more time on service and administration. Respondents from the humanities, and to a lesser degree from the social sciences, spent more time on education than respondents from other disciplines.

This study confirms that senior researchers at Flemish universities work long hours, and that the number of hours spent on various activities is largely a reaction to demands from their institutional environment.
La culture comme force d’avenir
Authors: Marchand Anne , Awashish Karine , Coocoo Christian , Roth Solen , Marques Leitão Renata , Sportes Cédric , Beaulé Caoimhe Isha
Published: November 2018

La question identitaire est au coeur des préoccupations de nombreuses communautés autochtones qui voient divers processus d’assimilation menacer leur riche héritage culturel. Des membres de la nation atikamekw et une équipe de designers allochtones de l’Université de Montréal travaillent ensemble à imaginer de nouveaux moyens de transmission et de valorisation culturelle. Cet article présente des enjeux, défis et possibilités révélés par l’initiative de recherche-action Tapiskwan. En réponse à la transformation du territoire qui limite l’accès aux matières premières nécessaires à la confection des produits de l’artisanat, des matières textiles mettant en valeur le patrimoine graphique atikamekw ont été réalisées. En lien avec les modes de vie autochtones qui sont modulés en fonction des saisons et activités liées à la subsistance pour chaque période de l’année, une approche plus saisonnière des activités de production est proposée, à raison de plusieurs périodes intensives par année.