bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Micro-EDM Monitoring System to Fabricate Antimicrobial Nanosilver Colloid
Authors: Tseng Kuo-Hsiung , Chung Meng-Yun , Chiu Juei-Long
Published: May 2022

This study implemented a discharge energy and success-rate monitoring system to replace the traditional oscillograph observation method and conducted a microbial control test for a nanosilver colloid prepared by an Electrical Discharge Machine (EDM). The advantage of this system is that the discharge conditions can be instantly and continuously observed, and the optimized discharge parameter settings can be recorded. The monitoring system can use the arcing rate to control the energy consumption of the electrodes to standardize the nanosilver colloid. The results show that the arcing rate, electrode weight loss, and absorption peak wavelength are very accurate. The nanosilver colloid prepared by EDM is free of any chemical additive, and in comparison to other preparation methods, it is more applicable to biotechnology, even to the human body. The microbial control test for the nanosilver colloid included a Bathroom sample, Penicillium, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus. In test solution NO.1 (prepared by micro-EDM), the effects of all four samples were inhibited at 14mm in a metal ring experiment, and in the cotton pad experiment, Penicillium was inhibited at 17 mm. In the metal ring experiment, test solution NO. 2 (prepared by EDM) had an effect at 20 mm on the bathroom samples, but at only 15 mm on flavus. In the cotton pad experiment, the inhibited effect was more effective in Penicillium and Aspergillus Niger; both inhibited effects occurred at 25 mm. Test solutions NO.3 (prepared by micro-EDM) and NO.4 (32 ppm Ag+) had a 14–15 mm effect on all samples in the metal ring experiment. In the cotton pad experiment, NO.3 had an effect on Penicillium at 19 mm while the effect on the others occurred at 14 mm, and NO.4 had an effect at 25 mm in Penicillium and Aspergillus Niger, and only at 14 mm in the bathroom and Aspergillus flavus samples.
Synthesis of PNIPAAm-g-P4VP Microgel as Draw Agent in Forward Osmosis by RAFT Polymerization and Reverse Suspension Polymerization to Improve Water Flux
Authors: Gao Yi , Yao Xuesong , Jiang Qinggeng , Liao Jianhe , Chen Yongping , Yu Rentong
Published: May 2022

Microgels have unique and versatile properties allowing their use in forward osmosis areas as a draw agent. In this contribution, poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) was synthesized via RAFT polymerization and then grafted to a poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) crosslinking network by reverse suspension polymerization. P4VP was successfully obtained by the quasiliving polymerization with the result of nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography characterization. The particle size and particle size distribution of the PNIPAAm-g-P4VP microgels containing 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% P4VP were measured by means of a laser particle size analyzer. It was found that all the microgels were of micrometer scale and the particle size was increased with the P4VP load. Inter/intra-molecular-specific interactions, i.e., hydrogen bond interactions were then investigated by Fourier infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the water flux measurements showed that all the PNIPAAm-g-P4VP microgels can draw water more effectively than a blank PNIPAAm microgel. For the copolymer microgel incorporating 20 wt% P4VP, the water flux was measured to be 7.48 L∙m−2∙h−1.
Natural Polymers and Their Nanocomposites Used for Environmental Applications
Authors: Matei Ecaterina , Predescu Andra Mihaela , Râpă Maria , Țurcanu Anca Andreea , Mateș Ileana , Constantin Nicolae , Predescu Cristian
Published: May 2022

The aim of this review is to bring together the main natural polymer applications for environmental remediation, as a class of nexus materials with advanced properties that offer the opportunity of integration in single or simultaneous decontamination processes. By identifying the main natural polymers derived from agro-industrial sources or monomers converted by biotechnology into sustainable polymers, the paper offers the main performances identified in the literature for: (i) the treatment of water contaminated with heavy metals and emerging pollutants such as dyes and organics, (ii) the decontamination and remediation of soils, and (iii) the reduction in the number of suspended solids of a particulate matter (PM) type in the atmosphere. Because nanotechnology offers new horizons in materials science, nanocomposite tunable polymers are also studied and presented as promising materials in the context of developing sustainable and integrated products in society to ensure quality of life. As a class of future smart materials, the natural polymers and their nanocomposites are obtained from renewable resources, which are inexpensive materials with high surface area, porosity, and high adsorption properties due to their various functional groups. The information gathered in this review paper is based on the publications in the field from the last two decades. The future perspectives of these fascinating materials should take into account the scale-up, the toxicity of nanoparticles, and the competition with food production, as well as the environmental regulations.
Do Carbon Nanotubes and Asbestos Fibers Exhibit Common Toxicity Mechanisms?
Authors: Gupta Suchi Smita , Singh Krishna P. , Gupta Shailendra , Dusinska Maria , Rahman Qamar
Published: May 2022

During the last two decades several nanoscale materials were engineered for industrial and medical applications. Among them carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most exploited nanomaterials with global production of around 1000 tons/year. Besides several commercial benefits of CNTs, the fiber-like structures and their bio-persistency in lung tissues raise serious concerns about the possible adverse human health effects resembling those of asbestos fibers. In this review, we present a comparative analysis between CNTs and asbestos fibers using the following four parameters: (1) fibrous needle-like shape, (2) bio-persistent nature, (3) high surface to volume ratio and (4) capacity to adsorb toxicants/pollutants on the surface. We also compare mechanisms underlying the toxicity caused by certain diameters and lengths of CNTs and asbestos fibers using downstream pathways associated with altered gene expression data from both asbestos and CNT exposure. Our results suggest that indeed certain types of CNTs are emulating asbestos fiber as far as associated toxicity is concerned.
Improving the Shelf Life of Avocado Fruit against Clonostachys rosea with Chitosan Hybrid Films Containing Thyme Essential Oil
Authors: Coyotl-Pérez Wendy Abril , Rubio-Rosas Efraín , Morales-Rabanales Quetzali Nicte , Ramírez-García Sergio Alberto , Pacheco-Hernández Yesenia , Pérez-España Victor Hugo , Romero-Arenas Omar , Villa-Ruano Nemesio
Published: May 2022

Hass avocadoes are one of the most popular fruits consumed worldwide because of their nutritional and nutraceutical content. Nevertheless, these fruits are susceptible to phytopathogen attacks that decrease fruit quality during the postharvest period. Herein we present the results of the in situ fungistatic activity of four hybrid films (FT1–FT4) manufactured with chitosan and different concentrations of the essential oil of thyme (TvEO). The films were evaluated as biodegradable materials to prevent fruit decay triggered by Clonostachys rosea which is considered an emergent phytopathogen of this crop. The in situ fungistatic strength, spectroscopic properties (FT-IR), optical features (transmittance/opacity), and consistency obtained by microscopic analysis (SEM), indicated that the films FT3 and FT4 possessed the best physicochemical properties to protect Hass avocadoes against the soft rot produced by C. rosea. Avocadoes treated with the films FT3 and FT4 significantly (p < 0.01) conserved fruit firmness and nutritional composition (protein, fat, fiber, and reducing sugars) as well as the nutraceutical content (oleic, palmitoleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids) of infected avocados for 21 days. Our results validate the potential use of the films FT3 and FT4 to prevent the soft rot caused by C. rosea and to improve the shelf life of Hass avocadoes.
Connection Confinement of Bolted Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Bamboo Composite
Authors: Kennaway Joel , Rajabipour Ali , Huang Dongsheng , Bazli Milad , Tang Siyuan , Wang Junkai , Zanker Hayden , Su Fangming
Published: May 2022

Parallel strand bamboo is a composite material that demonstrates high strength and low variability compared to other timber materials. However, its use in bolted connections is limited by a tendency to fail in shear-out mode. One promising technique to prevent failure is the method of confinement, whereby the composite connection is confined laterally, inducing a compressive force perpendicular to the composite fibres, which increases the shear strength in the loading process. This paper investigates the confinement method and its effect on parallel strand bamboo connections’ strength and failure mechanisms through experimental tests and ANSYS simulation methods. It was discovered that bolted connection confinement reduces the propensity of shear-out failure by counteracting shear stresses. A comparison of graphical results revealed that confinement increased the ultimate tensile capacity of parallel strand bamboo bolted connections by up to 26%. Confinement also improved the consistency of the connection’s mechanical properties throughout the loading process. These findings assist in refining and optimising practical applications of parallel strand bamboo connections by using the method of connection confinement.
Comparing of Frequency Shift and Impedance Analysis Method Based on QCM Sensor for Measuring the Blood Viscosity
Authors: Liao Shuang , Ye Peng , Chen Cheng , Zhang Jie , Xu Lin , Tan Feng
Published: May 2022

Blood viscosity measurements are crucial for the diagnosis of cardiovascular and hematological diseases. Traditional blood viscosity measurements have obvious limitations because of their expensive equipment usage and large sample consumption. In this study, blood viscosity was measured by the oscillating circuit method and impedance analysis method based on single QCM. In addition, the effectiveness of two methods with high precision and less sample is proved by the experiments. Moreover, compared to the result from a standard rotational viscometer, the maximum relative errors of the proposed oscillating circuit method and impedance analysis method are ±5.2% and ±1.8%, respectively. A reliability test is performed by repeated measurement (N = 5), and the result shows that the standard deviation about 0.9% of impedance analysis is smaller than that of oscillating circuit method. Therefore, the impedance analysis method is superior. Further, the repeatability of impedance analysis method was evaluated by regression analysis method, and the correlation coefficient R2 > 0.965 demonstrated that it had excellent reproducibility.
Solar Cells with Laser Doped Boron Layers from Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Zapf-Gottwick Renate , Seren Sven , Fernandez-Robledo Susana , Wete Evariste-Pasky , Schiliro Matteo , Hassan Mohamed , Mihailetchi Valentin , Buck Thomas , Kopecek Radovan , Köhler Jürgen , Werner Jürgen
Published: May 2022

We present laser-doped interdigitated back contact (IBC) solar cells with efficiencies of 23% on an area of 244 cm2 metallized by a screen-printed silver paste. Local laser doping is especially suited for processing IBC cells where a multitude of pn-junctions and base contacts lay side by side. The one-sided deposition of boron-doped precursor layers by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) is a cost-effective method for the production of IBC cells without masking processes. The properties of the laser-doped silicon strongly depend on the precursor’s purity, thickness, and the total amount of boron dopants. Variations of the precursor in terms of thickness and boron content, and of the laser pulse energy density, can help to tailor the doping and sheet resistance. With saturation-current densities of 70 fA/cm2 at sheet resistances of 60 Ohm/sq, we reached maximum efficiencies of 23% with a relatively simple, industrial process for bifacial IBC-cells, with 70% bifaciality measured on the module level. The APCVD-layers were deposited with an inline lab-type system and a metal transport belt and, therefore, may have been slightly contaminated, limiting the efficiencies when compared to thermal-diffused boron doping. The use of an industrial APCVD system with a quartz glass transport system would achieve even higher efficiencies.
Environmental Awareness in Batik Making Process
Authors: Phang Fatin Aliah , Roslan Anis Nadirah , Zakaria Zainul Akmar , Zaini Muhammad Abbas Ahmad , Pusppanathan Jaysuman , Talib Corrienna Abdul
Published: May 2022

One of the goals of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) is to conserve natural resources, such as water, soil, air, and others. Poorly treated industrial effluents discharged into nearby water streams contribute to water pollution. This problem is notably worse among small- and medium-scale industries, such as the local batik industry, which cannot afford proper and costly wastewater treatment facilities in their premises. Batik entrepreneurs should adopt environmentally friendly methods by using currently available technologies. Therefore, this phenomenological study investigated the environmental awareness of three batik entrepreneurs in Malaysia via interviews. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The batik entrepreneurs have adopted different batik making processes but employed almost similar batik waste disposal methods. Despite some level of environmental awareness among the batik entrepreneurs, they still practiced poor environmental batik making and disposal methods due to the lack of affordable technology. The lack of exposure to environmental education, open mindset, the socio-cultural practice of batik making, and production cost influences environmental awareness among batik entrepreneurs. Authorities should advocate green batik making and regulate rules for any malpractice. Future studies should explore the effective technologies used to dispose of batik waste effluents to enable batik entrepreneurs to adopt environmentally friendly batik making and waste disposal methods.
Land and Water Productivity in Intercropped Systems of Walnut—Buckwheat and Walnut–Barley: A Case Study
Authors: Žalac Helena , Zebec Vladimir , Ivezić Vladimir , Herman Goran
Published: May 2022

Intercropping arable crops in orchards is a sustainable land use for intensifying agricultural production, under the condition of plants’ complementarity in sharing resources. This study investigated the aspects of water use and yields in intercropped systems of walnut and crops. To assess possible temporal complementarity between crops and trees, a summer crop—buckwheat—and a winter crop—barley—were intercropped in walnut orchards. The land and water productivity were studied under two designs: in an older, denser orchard and a younger one, with wider tree spacing. The results showed a reduction in yields and water productivity (WP) of intercrops due to the competition with walnut trees, with the exception of buckwheat in the younger orchard, where this summer crop surprisingly achieved the highest yield and WP. Nevertheless, in the system with mature fruiting trees, intercropping with winter barley was 53% more productive per unit of land and 83% more water-productive than growing walnut and barley separately but also 48% more land-productive and 70% more water-productive than the walnut–buckwheat system. Our results indicate positive effects of trees on microclimates but also emphasize the importance of species selection and systems design on the overall productivity of intercropped systems.
Using Student Feedback to Analyze the Characteristics of Presence in Classroom Settings Based on the Community of Inquiry Framework
Authors: Zou Jumei , Zhang Sujing
Published: May 2022

The community-of-inquiry (CoI) framework on presence points out the direction for the effective teaching of teachers. Feedback plays an important role during the teaching process in the promotion of teaching and learning. A total of 476 pieces of feedback text, including 1695 short sentences, were collected from 13 classes of a Modern Educational Technology course, and then they were coded and analyzed on the basis of the cognitive, teaching, social, and emotional dimensions. It was found that the CoI theory is also suitable for classroom settings, and in situations where all of the presences exist. Among them, emotional presence is the most common, followed by the cognitive and teaching presences, while social presence is the least common. The result may help teachers to optimize course design and implementation for enhancing presence, improving learning experiences, and promoting high-quality learning. Moreover, the research results provide references for studying data-based precision teaching.
Appropriate Irrigation and Fertilization Regime Restrain Indigenous Soil Key Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaeal and Bacterial Consortia to Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Xiao Liang , Bao Libin , Ren Lantian , Xie Yiqin , Wang Hong , Wang Xiang , Wang Jianfei , Qiao Cece , Xiao Xin
Published: May 2022

Harnessing an ammonia-oxidizing microbiome has become an increasingly attractive form of management for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in rice paddies; however, the relationship between greenhouse gas emissions and ammonia-oxidizing microbiomes, using a nitrogen application and irrigation regime, has not been well investigated. To decipher which of (and how) the specific mmonia-oxidizing bacterial species drive the greenhouse gas CH4 and N2O emissions, a field experiment with varying nitrogen application and irrigation regimes was initiated to investigate the succession of key bacterial consortia associated with GHG emissions. The results showed that water-saving irrigation (AWD) significantly increased NO3-N and NH4+-N concentrations, compared with conventional irrigation (FDF), whereas (total nitrogen) TN was little higher in FDF (1.38 g kg−1) compared with the AWD (1.36 g kg−1). During the rice-growing season, CH4 emissions ascended speedily, and emissions peaked at maximum values of 3.32 and 4.41 ug mg−2 h−1 on day 5 in FDF and AWD irrigation regimes, respectively, and then they rapidly decreased during the midseason period, maintaining a relatively low emission rate until the rice was harvested. The patterns of N2O emission fluxes had the same tendencies with N fertilization. Putative key taxa, such as Flavobacterium, Massilia, Arenimonas, Novosphingobium, Pseudomonas, exhibited significant positive relationships with higher GHG emissions, suggesting that they make particularly obvious contributions to N2O emissions. These putative taxa should be considered when designing a high nitrogen application and irrigation strategy. As such, the nitrogen application of N180, and the irrigation regimes of water-saving irrigation, are recommended methods for N conservation and the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions in rice paddies.
Hyperbolicity of First Order Quasi-Linear Equations
Authors: Vasilyev Vladimir , Virchenko Yuri
Published: May 2022

The theorem about equivalence of the strong hyperbolicity concept and the Friedrichs hyperbolicity concept for partial quasi-linear differential equations of the first order is proved. On the basis of this theorem, the necessary and sufficient conditions of hyperbolicity are found in terms of the matrix of the corresponding linearized first order equations system.
The Role of the Flavivirus Replicase in Viral Diversity and Adaptation
Authors: Caldwell Haley S. , Pata Janice D. , Ciota Alexander T.
Published: May 2022

Flaviviruses include several emerging and re-emerging arboviruses which cause millions of infections each year. Although relatively well-studied, much remains unknown regarding the mechanisms and means by which these viruses readily alternate and adapt to different hosts and environments. Here, we review a subset of the different aspects of flaviviral biology which impact host switching and viral fitness. These include the mechanism of replication and structural biology of the NS3 and NS5 proteins, which reproduce the viral genome; rates of mutation resulting from this replication and the role of mutational frequency in viral fitness; and the theory of quasispecies evolution and how it contributes to our understanding of genetic and phenotypic plasticity.
Perancangan Platform MOOC Di Kota Jambi Dengan Fitur Video Live Streaming
Authors: Hendri
Published: May 2022

In the current covid 19 pandemic, where a lot of business businesses are experiencing difficulties, including course institutions and tutoring. Many tutoring teachers have been sent home. Online Tutoring platforms such as Ruangguru are very popular with the public. The purpose of this research is to create a MOOC Massively Open Online Course platform which is an important innovation in the world of education. By using the live streaming feature, it allows students to learn directly with tutoring teachers directly. Massively Open Online Course/ MOOC provides a way for more independent education. This MOOC is very good if applied in Jambi city which has a limited number of teachers.
Impatiens katjae, a New Species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from Central Myanmar
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Aung Mu Mu , Vermeulen Jaap Jan
Published: May 2022

A new species, Impatiens katjae Nob. Tanaka & J. J. Verm. (Balsaminaceae), from Mandalay Region, central Myanmar, is described and illustrated. This species is similar to I. oblongata Ruchis. & Niet in floral morphology, but differs in having distinctly smaller flowers, 2-flowered axillary inflorescences, much paler pinkish-white flowers, two lateral sepals, and a spurless lower sepal. This new species is assigned to Impatiens L. subg. Impatiens sect. Uniflorae Hook. f. & Thomson.
SCIENTIFIC EDUCATION AS THE BASIS FOR INNOVATIVE COMPETENCE FORMATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE SOCIETY
Authors: Моисеенко Н. А. , Темирова А. Б.
Published: May 2022

В статье обосновано понятие и необходимость внедрения научного образования в средней школе в условиях цифровой трансформации образования, представлен обзор инновационных методик обучения, которые могут эффективно применяться для распространения научного мышления на более широкий перечень учебных предметов и формирования STEAM и инновационной компетентности как ключевых компетентностей учащихся. Автором исследованы теоретические основы научного образования. Перечислены знания, навыки и деятельности, входящие в STEAM и инновационную компетентность. Доказано, что для их формирования целесообразно целенаправленно использовать в образовательном процессе метод учебных проектов, проблемное обучение и опытно-познавательный метод. В статье описаны особенности этих инновационных педагогических технологий при внедрении научного образования в средней школе на основе использования современных цифровых технологий и инструментов.

The article substantiates the concept and the need for the introduction of science education in secondary schools in the context of digital transformation of education, provides an overview of innovative teaching methods that can be effectively used to spread scientific thinking to a wider range of academic subjects and the formation of scientific and innovative competence as the key competencies of students. The author studies the theoretical foundations of scientific education. The knowledge, skills, and activities included in STEAM and innovation competence are listed. It is proved that for their formation it is advisable to purposefully use the method of educational projects, problem-based learning and the experimental- cognitive method in the educational process. The article describes the features of these innovative pedagogical technologies in the implementation of scientific education in secondary schools based on the use of modern digital technologies and tools.
INNOVATIVE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT AS A FACTOR OF PERSONAL SELF-REALIZATION
Authors: Базаева Ф. У.
Published: May 2022

Образование - основная общественная сфера. Продуктивное функционирование этой сферы, ее модернизация - это залог развития остальных общественных сфер и будущего страны в целом. Эффективное внедрение современных цифровых технологий, электронного обучения, сетевых и дистанционных технологий обучения как составляющих инновационных технологий является существенным резервом повышения качества и доступности образования, а также выступает как фактор развития и самореализации личности, участвующей в ее процессах. Главная цель инноваций в образовательной среде - обеспечить условия для самореализации личности и потребностей человека, создать такую инновационную образовательную среду, которая способствовала бы самоутверждению личности в различных сферах творческой деятельности. Цель данного исследования - проанализировать инновационную образовательную среду как фактор самореализации личности.

Education is the main public sphere. The productive functioning of this sphere, its modernization is the key to the development of other public spheres and the future of the country as a whole.Effective implementation of modern digital technologies, e-learning, network and distance learning technologies as components of innovative technologies is an essential reserve for improving the quality and accessibility of education, and also acts as a factor of development and self-realization of the individual involved in its processes.The main goal of innovation in the educational environment is to provide conditions for self-realization of the individual and human needs, to create an innovative educational environment that would promote self-affirmation of the individual in various fields of creative activity.The purpose of this study is to analyze the innovative educational environment as a factor of personal self-realization.
KEY CONDITIONS FOR PREPARATION STAFF OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Барзаева М. А.
Published: May 2022

Вызовы современной экономики преобразовывают процессы, протекающие на рынке труда в условиях цифровизации. Важнейшим компонентом подобных преобразований является реализация поставленных задач в национальных проектах. Трансформационные преобразования затрагивают и процесс образования, формирование новых компетенций и навыков, способных построить новое цифровое общество и необходимость корректировки государственных программ и реализации национальных проектов, являющихся безусловными для выполнения. Обновление рабочих мест и интересные (востребованные) профессии в цифровой экономике уже сегодня формируют поведение работодателей на рынке труда и определение необходимых компетенций кадров. Актуальность данной статьи состоит в том, что современные тенденции развития цифровой экономики определяют характер и поведенческие факторы нового, формирующегося рынка труда, который заслуживает пристального изучения и внимания всех его участников.

The challenges of the digital economy are transforming the processes taking place in the labor market in the context of digitalization. The most important components of such transformations are the implementation of the tasks set in national projects.Transformational transformations also affect the processof education, the formation of new competencies and skills that can build a new digital society.The problems of transformational changes also affect the need to adjust government programs and implement national projects that are unconditional for implementation.The renewal of jobs and interesting (demanded) professions in the digital economy are already shaping the behavior of employers in the labor market and determining the necessary competencies of personnel.
A TERCEIRIZAÇÃO NA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Queiroz de Souza Barros Stefany
Published: May 2022

This article has the main purpose of discussing the importance of outsourcing in civil construction, whether or not it is viable for companies and for the worker. Initially, it will be discussed how outsourcing is defined, then different opinions on the subject will be presented, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of this type of management, it will also be presented which services of a particular company in the construction industry in the city of Manaus were outsourced. The methodology of the present study was descriptive, carried out through research with bibliographic surveys in books, magazines, theses, articles, websites and through the visit made to the company mentioned above. After analyzing the data in this article, it is possible to state that despite the risks that companies face when outsourcing some services, it is considerable feasible, due to the reduction of costs and the good quality obtained by contracting outsourced companies, especially those that become specialists in certain services, however there are companies that offer their services, but that are not qualified and precarious working conditions for their employees, which must be observed by the contracting company so that it will not be penalized in the future.
Tolmácsoláskutatás a tolmácsolásoktatás szolgálatában
Authors: Bakti Mária , Szabó Csilla
Published: May 2022

A tolmácsolás kutatása és az intézményes tolmácsképzés közel azonos időszakban vette kezdetét. Noha a tolmácsolás területén publikált írások mintegy egyötöde fókuszál oktatási, képzési kérdésekre, úgy tűnik, egyre mélyül a szakadék a gyakorlat, az oktatás és a kutatás között: megítélésünk szerint a tolmácsolás oktatása (a tolmácsolási munkamódtól függetlenül) nem, vagy csak nagyon ritka esetben épül kutatási eredményekre. Tanulmányunk célja, hogy áttekintést nyújtson a hazai és nemzetközi tolmácsoláskutatás elmúlt tíz évének főbb eredményeiről, kiemelve ezek közül azokat, amelyek a tolmácsolás oktatásához kapcsolódnak.
A gépi fordításhoz kötődő alapvető terminusok, definíciók és a közöttük lévő ellentmondások
Authors: Szlávik Szilárd
Published: May 2022

A jelen tanulmány a gépi fordításhoz kapcsolódó, a fordítástudományi vizsgálatok szempontjából alapvető fogalmakat és terminusokat mutatja be a hazai és a nemzetközi szakirodalom áttekintése révén. Ez magában foglalja a számítógépes nyelvészet elhelyezhetőségét a tudományok rendszerébe; a gépi fordítás és a CAT fogalmának különböző meghatározásait; a kérdést, hogy a géppel fordított szöveg mesterséges vagy természetes nyelvű-e; az utószerkesztés lehetséges definícióit és típusait; a fordítás, a lektorálás és az utószerkesztés kapcsolatát, valamint az utószerkesztés szerepét a fordítási folyamatban. A szakirodalom összefoglalásán túl a tanulmány rámutat a fogalmak közötti ellentmondásokra, illetve javaslatokat tesz néhány ilyen ellenmondás feloldására.
A fordítástudomány és a zenetudomány kapcsolatáról
Authors: Sárvári Kinga Fanni , Földvári Miklós
Published: May 2022

A tanulmány szerzői a zene és fordítás, illetve a zenetudomány és fordítástudomány kapcsolatát kívánják felvázolni és példákkal is szemléltetni. Javaslatot tesznek a zenei fordítások problémakörének elhelyezésére a fordítástudományon belül, megemlítve a vonatkozó irodalmi, nyelvészeti és szövegtudományi kapcsolódási pontokat. Szó esik továbbá a különböző nyelvi közvetítési célok (szkoposz) elérését szolgáló eltérő fordítói döntésekről és stratégiákról. A vokális művek szövegfordításainak elemzésekor az énekelhetőség mint központi fogalom mellett – tekintettel a zenei fordítások készítőire, felhasználóira, befogadóira és kutatóira – további kulcsfontosságú tényezők (pl. felhasználási mód, befogadók előismeretei, a szöveg elhangzásának ténye és formája stb.) vizsgálata is indokolt lehet. A tanulmány szakirodalmi áttekintése egymásra is reflektáló, olykor pedig akár vitában is álló kutatási nézőpontok és eredmények összefoglalásán túl kiemelt figyelmet fordít a dalok és operák fordítási kérdéseivel foglalkozó tudományos publikációk ismertetésére. E két vokális műfaj különlegesen népszerűnek bizonyul a fordítástudományi kutatásokban, ráadásul formai és terjedelmi szempontból végleteket is képviselnek a hangszerkíséretes énekelt művek kategóriáján belül, ennek köszönhetően pedig a zenei fordítások általános jellemzőin túl a műfajhoz kötött fordítási tulajdonságok és szempontok bemutatására is alkalmasnak bizonyulnak. A szerzők szándéka szerint a tanulmány megállapításai a zenei fordítások iránt érdeklődőknek és a témával foglalkozó szakembereknek is új ismeretekkel és kutatási ötletekkel szolgálhatnak.
Impact Of Underage Marriage On Divorce Rates At The Religious Court Of Samarinda (Study Directory Of The Samarinda Religious Court Decisions)
Authors: Setiawan Ade , Syobah Sy. Nurul , Haries Akhmad
Published: May 2022

The background of this research is the impact of underage marriage on the divorce rate at the Samarinda Religious Court. This study aims to find out how the impact of marriage for underage marriage actors in contributing to the divorce rate in Samarinda and what factors underlie the occurrence of divorce in underage married couples in Samarinda. The type of this research is a literature study with a descriptive approach with documentation study data collection techniques, namely the results of the decisions published by the Samarinda Religious Court on the Supreme Court decision directory web in 2021. The data analysis technique used is content analyst, namely by analyzing the results The results of the decisions that the authors found in the decision directory are the divorce decisions of underage marriage couples, according to the Constitution no. 1 1974 and Law no. 16 years 2019. The results of the research that the authors found were that the divorce decisions published by the Samarinda Religious Court in 2021 were 1255 decisions, 1036 divorce case decisions. 1 1974 and Law No. 16 of 2019. The highest divorce is caused by infidelity, the results of this study that the impact of the divorce rate produced by underage married couples is not too significant compared to couples who are not perpetrators of underage marriages. Due to external factors from the couples' households as well as the culture and anthropological conditions of the city of Samarinda.Samarinda which is the provincial capital provides an adequate economic platform for underage couples to find work due to the industrial and mining sectors as well as business places in Samarinda. The results of the data that the authors found in BPS Samarinda that the working age population is 15 years and over and the number of working age population 15 years and over is 91.7%
Optimal Adaptive Prediction Intervals for Electricity Load Forecasting in Distribution Systems via Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Zhang Yufan , Wen Honglin , Wu Qiuwei , Ai Qian
Published: May 2022

Prediction intervals (PIs) offer an effective tool for quantifying uncertainty of loads in distribution systems. The traditional central PIs cannot adapt well to skewed distributions, and their offline training fashion is vulnerable to the unforeseen change in future load patterns. Therefore, we propose an optimal PI estimation approach, which is online and adaptive to different data distributions by adaptively determining symmetric or asymmetric probability proportion pairs for quantiles of PIs’ bounds. It relies on the online learning ability of reinforcement learning (RL) to integrate the two online tasks, i.e., the adaptive selection of probability proportion pairs and quantile predictions, both of which are modeled by neural networks. As such, the quality of quantiles-formed PI can guide the selection process of optimal probability proportion pairs, which forms a closed loop to improve PIs’ quality. Furthermore, to improve the learning efficiency of quantile forecasts, a prioritized experience replay (PER) strategy is proposed for online quantile regression processes. Case studies on both load and net load demonstrate that the proposed method can better adapt to data distribution compared with online central PIs method. Compared with offline-trained methods, it obtains PIs with better quality and is more robust against concept drift.
Complex Dissipating Energy Flow Method for Forced Oscillation Source Location
Authors: Gill Estevez Pablo , Marchi Pablo , Galarza Cecilia , Elizondo Marcelo
Published: May 2022

This manuscript was submitted to IEEE Power Engineering Letters.

We propose an extension of the Dissipating Energy Flow (DEF) method for locating sources of forced oscillations (FOs), based on an energy function constructed by the complex integral approach, which we call Complex DEF (CDEF). To trace sources of FO, we study the scalar projection of CDEF in a specific direction on the complex plane. We show by simulated cases that this alternative has a good performance in cases where the original DEF fails.
Sentiment analysis using machine learning classification models
Authors: Hassan Umair
Published: May 2022

This paper is written to compare different classification models for sentiment analysis
Review on Bisphenol-A In Orthodontics
Authors: K Shathriya , Unni Bejoy P , Lakshmanan Lakshmi , Joje Vinith , Paul Parson , Thomas Sanju , Anjaly Anjaly
Published: May 2022

Bisphenol A is a manmade organic chemical. It is a primary component of polycarbonate plastic used in wide range of products from paints to food and drink packages. Research has demonstrated that BPA can migrate from consumer goods into food items and other sources including dentistry. Various studies show leaching of BPA from orthodontic appliances and products to oral environment. Bisphenol A is reported to have adverse effects on brain, mammary gland and reproductive tract. In this review article we discuss the adverse effects of BPA, release of BPA from orthodontic materials and recommendations to limit BPA exposure.
Prevalence and Features of Aspirin Resistance in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: .I Khodjanova SH
Published: May 2022

Purpose. To determine the frequency of development of aspirin resistance in patients with coronary heart disease and to identify risk factors for the development of resistance to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in patients with coronary heart disease. Material and Methods: 96 patients were enrolled in this study with stable forms of ischemic heart disease who received a standard dose of aspirin 75 mg/day for a long time. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to the prescription of ASA. Group 1 consisted of patients who did not receive aspirin, the second group consisted of patients taking aspirin up to 1 year, the third group consisted of patients taking aspirin from 1 year to 5 years, and the fourth group included patients taking aspirin for more than 5 years. An addition, according to the results of determining aspirin resistance, the patients were divided into 2 groups. Platelet aggregation was measured using a laser analyzer: adenosine diphosphate (ADP) with 1.0 and 5.0 μmol was used. Resistance criterion: ADP ≥72% at 5.0 μmol. Results: 17.7% of patients who took aspirin in a standard dose of 75 mg/day were resistant to aspirin, and a third of them took aspirin for more than 5 years. According to the results of a study of platelet aggregation activity, the average degree of platelet aggregation with 5.0 μmol of ADP was 82.4% in patients with no reaction to aspirin. An inadequate response to aspirin was reliably often observed in women and the elderly (58.8% and 70.5%). When analyzing the results of routine laboratory studies in patients with aspirin resistance, there was a tendency to higher levels of cholesterol and glucose (p˂0.05). Possible risk factors for the development of ASA resistance are hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia, since aspirin resistance was more common in patients with diabetes (13 out of 17) and obesity (11 out of 17).Conclusion: High rates of ADP-induced platelet aggregation were obtained in ¼ patients with coronary heart disease. A
Assessing Precautionary Behaviour Regarding COVID 19 Applying the Health Belief Model among Family Members of Health Care Workers in Darjeeling District, West Bengal
Authors: Ghosh Nilanjana
Published: May 2022

Background: An unique never before public health challenge faces the world with threat of impending disaster. Prevention remains the mainstay as there is no available vaccine or medicine. To interruption transmission social distancing and nationwide lockdown have been imposed. Nevertheless, hooded warriors the health care worker despite odds are working round the clock to save lives risking their own and their immediate families’. Since human perceptions and not medicine determine behaviour the widely utilized health belief model was applied. Objectives: To assess risk perception, precautionary behaviour and vaccination intent among study participants and assess them according to constructs of time-tested health belief model. Methods: 70 eligible family members were studied by telephonic interview and email recorded responses from 14th March to 14th April 2020. Questionnaire was based on HBM. Requisite permission was taken. Results: 67% were females and 42% spouses. Their risk perception and precautionary behaviour was very high. Few had panic attacks. They stopped their related health care workers to attend duties and even isolated them in family settings. Perceived severity, susceptibility was high as was perceived barriers. Perceived benefit was average though unhappy with the given working conditions. Self-efficacy was high after periodic reassurance. Family members practiced effective health communication with their neighbourhood. Discussion: Various studies reiterated similar findings and found avoidance of public places was practiced earlier during outbreaks. Conclusion: Risk perception and precautionary behaviour was very high among family members. Applied model revealed perceived threats to be higher than perceived benefits leading to stress reactions in family. Fears of increased vulnerability was addressed with reassurance from their respective health care workers in family increasing self-efficacy.However a larger study is recommended with special ment
Coronavirus fallout: Saying Namaste is new Normal! Goodbye to the handshakes, Kisses & hugs!
Authors: Sachdeva Amit , Gautam Hitender , Sharma Sumit , Patyal Neha
Published: May 2022

After the Coronavirus pandemic had started, it became common not to shake hands when meeting with friends, colleagues, clients or other contacts. Instead, people, started to adopt the “Namaste” to greet everyone which is originally a Hindu traditional greeting, but now used throughout the globe.
Covid-19 and Mobile Phones
Authors: Sachdeva Amit , Gautam Hitender , Sharma Sumit , Patyal Neha
Published: May 2022

Mobile phone has become our constant companion wherever we go. As personal hygiene is crucial in preventing COVID-19, special care is needed regarding the use of the mobile phones. A number of organisms would be present on the device. While many of these are harmless, but, there are also disease-causing organisms like the SARS-CoV-2 virus that can survive on surfaces long enough to be transmitted to you or another person. By routinely cleaning and disinfecting our mobile phone, we can lessen the chances of passing these viruses & germs on to our friends, family, relatives or even our coworkers
Clinical and Biochemical Profile of Antenatal Women Suffering from Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Attending A Tertiary Care Health Institution
Authors: Chamotra Shaina , Chaudhary Ankit , Pal Aleeza , Kumar Nitin
Published: May 2022

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a major cause of both maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. Although the much studied phenomenon but yet much is to be learnt about the disease, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical course as well as the complications. The present study was conducted with an objective to determine the clinical and biochemical profile of such disorders. Methods: The present study is a sub-part of a case control study conducted among 180 pregnant women (90 cases and 90 controls) in Kamla Nehru State Hospital for Mother and Child, IGMC Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. Clinical, biochemical and blood pressure parameters of all the participants were documented for the study purpose. Results: Adverse findings in all aspects were seen more often in cases than in normotensives. All non-exposed had systolic and diastolic blood pressure and in normal range. Odoema, pallor and cyanosis were more likely to be seen in hypertensives than controls. Liver function tests, renal function tests and platelet counts were deranged more often in cases than controls. Hyperhomocysteinemia was more commonly encountered among the cases of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Fundus examination revealed worse status in hypertensives. Conclusion: The study associates pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders and adverse biochemical, clinical and lab parameters as highlighted by vast literature. Timely screening of such parameters can definitely aid in achieving better maternal and foetal outcomes. Incorporation of homocysteine analysis in routine strategy can definitely strengthen the maternal health care.
Comparison of Antibiotics and Prebiotics in Treatment of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Kale Preeti , Kakde Amruta , Jangale Ketan
Published: May 2022

Objectives: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) refers to an infectious and inflammatory disorder of the female upper genital tract. It is common among young sexually active individuals and is a major health problem both in the developed and developing countries. It is usually a polymicrobial infection, however, Chlamydia trachomatis is the commonest causative agent transmitted sexually. PID is diagnosed by history and clinical examination. The treatment is initially empiric. Only Antibiotcs are good in treatment for PID and ‘Antibiotics with Prebiotics’ are new promising treatment mode for same. This comparative study aimed to measure efficiency and compliance of only Antibiotcs versus Antibiotics with Prebiotics in the treatment of mild, uncomplicated acute PID. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in randomly selected 28 consecutive outpatients with mild uncomplicated acute PID. Comparative outcome of Antibiotics and Antibiotics with Prebiotics in correlation with reduction of amount, consistency and malodor of vaginal discharge along with reduction in fornical tenderness, compliance and frequency of adverse drug reactions was done. Results: Among 28 cases 14 (50%) were treated with oral Antibiotics and 14 (50%) with oral Antibiotics with Prebiotics. Comparative analysis on reduction of amount, consistency, malodor of vaginal discharge and reduction of fornical tenderness were significant, showing Antibiotics with Prebiotics more effective than Antibiotics. Conclusion: Antibiotics with Prebiotics has better efficiency and compliance over only Antibiotics in the treatment of mild, uncomplicated, acute PID.
Situation of Brick Klins in eastern UP - A case study of three Brick Klins
Authors: Tripathy Tridibesh , Tripathy Anjali
Published: May 2022

The article is regarding the development of a project proposal of Purvanchal Gramin Seva Samiti (PGSS), Gorakhpur - a Diocesan partner of Catholic Relief Services (CRS), State Office, Lucknow on interventions in brick kilns of eastern UP. The Ministry of Labour, Government of India has categorized the unorganized labour force under four groups viz. occupation, nature of employment, especially distressed categories & service categories. Workers in brick klins come under the terms of occupation category under the unorganized sector in India (GoI, 2008). The unorganized sector plays a significant role in the economy in terms of employment opportunities & poverty alleviation. The sector has a crucial role in our economy in terms of employment & its contribution to the ‘National Domestic Product (NDP), savings & capital formation. (Vikkraman, P, Basakaran, S, May, 2009). The case study brings out the reality of the workers of brick klins, their vulnerability, social insecurity, potential health risks, migration issues & the hazardous atmosphere that they thrive in their day-to-day lives. Thus, one can gauge the importance of the enactment of various acts related to the unorganized sector, social welfare schemes for this sector & the role of Non-Government Organizations for the welfare of the sector.