bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cat swarm optimization-based energy efficient target tracking in wireless sensor network
Authors: Tabatabaei Shayesteh
Published: August 2023

Objective: using the cat swarm optimization algorithm to reduce energy consumption and data transmission delay in WSNs (wireless sensor networks)
Materials and Methods: WSNs have emerged as a critical sensing technology with a wide range of military and civilian applications. In these networks, a large number of sensors are distributed throughout an area to track a specific target. Each sensor is regarded as an operating tool that uses limited energy. They can sense and understand events within their sensing domains, as well as communicate with neighbouring sensor nodes. Because the battery determines the lifespan of a sensor, an efficient method of energy consumption must be used. The depletion of batteries' limited energy reserves may result in the network's demise. As a result, devising and developing a time plan for sensors' sleep and wake-up cycles is regarded as a critical goal in line with increasing network lifetime. We proposed a novel and different time planning method for enhancing the lifetimes of WSNs in this paper, using the cat swarm optimization algorithm, in which at least half of the full coverage is provided at all times. The simulation results showed that using a cat swarm optimization algorithm can reduce energy consumption and data transmission delay. It also improves load balance. Opnet simulator version 11.5 was used for the experiments and simulation.s
Effectiveness and safety of everolimus treatment in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex in real-world clinical practice
Authors: Cockerell Ine Tracey , Christensen Jakob , Hoei-Hansen Christina E , Holst Lotte , Frederiksen Mikkel Grenaa , Issa-Epe Aart Imran , Nedregaard Bård , Solhoff Ragnar , Heimdal Ketil , Landmark Cecilie Johannessen , Lund Caroline , Nærland Terje
Published: August 2023

Background
The randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled EXIST-1–3 studies have proven everolimus effective with acceptable adverse effects in the treatment of symptoms in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), although evidence of outcomes in clinical practice remains limited. This study aimed to investigate, in clinical practice, the effectiveness and safety of everolimus for epilepsy, renal angiomyolipoma (rAML), and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) in patients with TSC.
Results
The study included 64 patients with TSC (median age: 19, range: 0.9–54 years) receiving everolimus treatment (Norway: n = 35; Denmark: n = 29). Among 45 patients with epilepsy, 14 (31%) were responders experiencing ≥ 50% reduction in seizure frequency in the last 3 months of treatment compared with the last 3 months before treatment. Seventeen (38%) patients changed their anti-seizure medications (ASMs). Responders were more common among patients < 18 years (46%) than among patients ≥ 18 years (14%, p = 0.03). In 29 patients with rAML, everolimus reduced (≥ 30% decrease) and stabilised (< 20% increase, ≤ 30% decrease) longest diameter of rAML in 38% and 59%, respectively, after a mean treatment duration of 37 months. SEGA volume was reduced in three patients by 71%, 43%, and 48% after 39, 34, and 82 months, respectively. Adverse effects were reported in 61 of 64 patients (95%) after a median treatment duration of 31 months (range: 0–106), with oral ulceration/stomatitis (63%) and upper respiratory tract infections (38%) being the most common. The most common laboratory abnormalities were increased cholesterol (41%), anaemia (30%), and leucopoenia (25%). Grade 3–4 adverse effects were reported in 36% of cases, and life-threatening conditions were reported in two patients. Nine patients discontinued everolimus treatment.
Conclusions
Seizure reduction in this study sample was consistent with
A Method for Evaluating and Optimizing the XBRL Taxonomy Structure to Improve
Authors: behzadi fahime , Yaghoobirafi Kamaleddin , Nazemi Eslam
Published: August 2023

Abstraction
The advent of Information Technology (IT) and its development have made some changes in businesses. While enterprises and their systems and IT infrastructures are getting more complicated and also the number of standards and approaches in this scope are rising in interoperability in different layers of information technology in the enterprises. This challenge, especially in the field of semantic interactivity, causes inconsistencies and contradictions in semantic interactions that require the use of automatic approaches at the time of execution. A common approach that has been used in the direction of semantic interoperability is to define standards or taxonomies for a specific field and oblige institutions to follow mentioned standards in information exchange. Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) has been widely implemented by various institutions in recent years in order to improve semantic interactivity. XBRL is developed to define notions and standard taxonomies related to particular applications. Presenting a unified and proper quality report to variant users whether natural or legal is expected to be among the most important results of XBRL. In fact, the quality of the report is the main and ultimate goal of using XBRL. Because the better the quality of the report, the better the semantic interactivity among different people and enterprises. In this paper, the impact of the XBRL taxonomy architecture on the quality of financial reports is investigated. Initially, the taxonomy is categorized into four structures including content structure, syntactic and semantic structure, physical and logical structure, and rules mechanism. Then, according to the metrics of cohesion, coupling, the richness of the label and language type, the average dimensions, the number of tuple structures, and explicitness, some changes have been proposed. For the purpose of evaluation, the proposed changes are made to the taxonomy of the Securities and Exchange Organization of Iran, and then the amount of each metric is calculated before and after applying the changes using the provided formulas. The simulation results show an improvement in the taxonomy architecture. Afterward, reports are taken from the taxonomy before and after applying the changes, and their quality is examined based on three qualitative metrics including transparency, information symmetry, and comparability using a questionnaire and statistical analysis the results show that after applying the changes to the taxonomy architecture a tangible improvement has been achieved.
Economic Burden of Sanfilippo Syndrome in the United States
Authors: Ashby Frederick , Park Haesuk , Svensson Mikael , Heldermon Coy
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Sanfilippo syndrome is a rare disease and fatal genetic disorder in the United States with no FDA-approved treatment, and no comprehensive assessment of economic disease burden is available.
Objectives: To develop a model to estimate the economic burden associated with Sanfilippo syndrome in the United States (US) using valued intangibles (disability-adjusted life years lost) and indirect burden (lost caregiver productivity) from 2023 onward.
Design and Setting: A multistage comorbidity model was generated using publicly available literature on Sanfilippo syndrome disability, and 14 disability weights from the 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study. Attributable increase in caregiver mental health burden and caregiver productivity loss were also estimated using data from the CDC National Comorbidity Survey, retrospective studies on caregiver burden in Sanfilippo syndrome, and Federal income data. Monetary valuations were adjusted to USD 2023 and given a 3% discount rate from 2023 onward.
Main Outcome Measures: Year-over-year incidence and prevalence of Sanfilippo syndrome was calculated for each age group in each year, and year-over-year disability-adjust life years (DALYs) lost due to patient disability was calculated by comparing to health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE), considering years of life lost (YLLs) due to premature mortality and years lived with disability (YLDs). Intangibles were valued in USD 2023, adjusted for inflation and discounted to provide economic burden of disease.
Results: From 2023-2043, overall economic burden in the US attributable to Sanfilippo syndrome was estimated to be $1.55 billion USD with current standard of care. The burden to individual families exceeded $5.86 million present value from time of birth per child born with Sanfilippo syndrome. These figures are also a conservative estimate, since they do not consider direct cost associated with the disease, as extensive primary data on the direct healthcare cost of Sanfilippo syndrome does not currently exist in the literature.
Conclusion: Sanfilippo syndrome is a rare lysosomal storage disease, however the severe burden associated with the disease for individual families demonstrates a considerable cumulative impact. Our model represents the first disease burden value estimate associated with Sanfilippo syndrome, and underscores the substantial morbidity and mortality burden of Sanfilippo syndrome.
EQ-algebras with Modal Operators
Authors: Gao Xiaoli , Cheng Xiao Yun
Published: August 2023

The main goal of this paper is to investigate modal operators on EQ-algebras. To begin with, we introduce the concept of modal EQ-algebras, that is, EQ-algebras equipped with modal operators. Moreover, we study some basic properties of modal EQ-algebras, and we obtain that modal operators are closure operators on EQ-algebras and vice verse. Furthermore, we introduce modal filters(prefilters) and modal congruences of modal EQ-algebras. We show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between modal filters and modal congruences on good modal EQalgebras. Finally, we give a characterization for minimal modal prime prefilters and characterize the representable good modal EQ-algebras via minimal modal prime prefilters.
EuroQol-5D-3L in Long Covid Patients After Supplementation with EchA Marine®, a Sea Urchin Eggs Extract: a double-blinded, multicentrical randomized trial.
Authors: Brichetti V. , Rubilar T. , T J. , Montecino P. , Crespi-Abril A.C. , Barbieri E. , Núñez M.R. , Vásquez J. Iriarte , Jajati M. , Volonteri C. , Sivori M. , de Larrañaga G. , Saldarini F.
Published: August 2023

A double-blinded, multicentrical randomized trial was conducted between September 2021 and December 2022, at 3 hospitals in Buenos Aires. Adult men or non-pregnant adult women between 18-60 years with Long-COVID diagnosed were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. Patients received EchA Marine®, a dietary supplement based on sea urchin eggs, or matching placebo as follows: 2 daily doses of 3ml for 3 months. The objective was comparing the effectiveness of the dietary supplement with placebo to improve quality of life. The main outcome measures were the values of the dimensions of health of EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire. Randomization was computer-generated, with allocation concealment by opaque sequentially numbered sealed envelopes. Sequentially numbered identical containers were administered serially to each participant. The randomization results were blinded for the remainder of the research team and for the patients. A total of 50 Long COVID patients were recruited, 22 received placebo and 24 received treatment. Treatment was successful, enhancing quality of patients’ life. Particularly in pain and discomfort (p= 0.005) and mobility (p= 0.013); improving their quality of life and daily activity’s ability. The dietary supplement EchA Marine® is an effective treatment option for Long COVID patients. Trial Registry: www.clinicaltrials.gov; Identifier: NCT05531019.
Predictors of Non-Variceal Hemorrhage in a National Cohort of Patients with Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Afzal Amber , Kesavan Preethi , Suhong Luo , Gage Brian , Korenblat Kevin , Schoen Martin , SANFILIPPO KRISTEN
Published: August 2023

Background:
Non-variceal hemorrhage in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) increases morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. There are limited data on risk factors for non-variceal hemorrhage in the CLD population. The aim of this study is to assess the predictive value of various clinical and laboratory parameters for non-variceal hemorrhage in CLD patients.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of U.S. veterans diagnosed with CLD between 2002 and 2018 within the Veterans Health Administration database. We derived candidate variables from existing risk prediction models for hemorrhage, risk calculators for severity of liver disease, Charlson index of prognostic comorbidities, and prior literature. We used a competing risk analysis to study the relationship between putative risk factors and incidence of non-variceal hemorrhage in patients with CLD.
Results:
Of 15,183 CLD patients with no history of cancer or anticoagulation use, 674 experienced non-variceal hemorrhage within one year of CLD diagnosis. In multivariable analysis, 11 of the 26 candidate variables independently predicted non-variceal hemorrhage: race, INR > 1.5, bilirubin >/= 2 mg/dL, albumin </=3.5 g/dL, anemia, alcohol abuse, antiplatelet therapy, chronic kidney disease, dementia, proton pump inhibitor prescription, and recent infection.
Conclusions:
In this study of almost 15,000 veterans, risk factors for non-variceal bleeding within the first year after diagnosis of CLD included non-Caucasian race, laboratory parameters indicating severe liver disease and recent infection in addition to the risk factors for bleeding observed in a general non-CLD population.
New Biomarker in Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3: Handgrip Strength
Authors: Chiu Chung-Min , Cheng Wen-Ling , Lin Yong-Shiou , Lin Ta-Tsung , Chang Hui-Ju , Chang Yu-Jun , Lee Chia-Ju , Chang Hen-Hong , Liu Chin-San
Published: August 2023

Background Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an inherited, autosomal, and rare neurodegenerative disease. Serum/plasma biomarkers or functional magnetic resonance imaging used to assess progression, except for neurological examinations, is either inconvenient or expensive. Handgrip strength (HGS) may be considered as a biomarker to predict the progress of SCA3 and align with the alteration of plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) and Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA).Methods Patients with SCA3 and healthy subjects were recruited from Changhua Christian Hospital. SARA, body mass index (BMI), and NfL were obtained for both groups. HGS was measured using a Jamar Plus + hand dynamometer.Results This study recruited 31 patients and 36 controls. HGS in the SCA3 group revealed a profound decrease (P < 0.001) compared with normal subjects. HGS also had a negative correlation with SARA (r = − 0.548, P = 0.001), NfL (r = − 0.359, P = 0.048), and a positive correlation with BMI (r = 0.680, P < 0.001). Moreover, HGS/BMI ratio correlated with SARA (r = − 0.441, P = 0.013). Controlling for gender and age, HGS still correlated with the above clinical items. The initial hypothesis was also proved in SCA3 84Q transgenic mice, showing grip strength weakness compared to normal mice.Conclusions HGS can be an alternative tool to assess the clinical severity of SCA3. Further research is needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms.
The Role of Morphine-Induced Impairment of Intestinal Epithelial Antibacterial Activity in Dysbiosis and its Impact on the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
Authors: Muchhala Karan , Kang Minho , Koseli Eda , Poklis Justin , Xu Qingguo , Dewey William , Fettweis Jennifer , Jimenez Nicole , Akbarali Hamid
Published: August 2023

Recent evidence suggests that chronic exposure to opioid analgesics such as morphine disrupt the intestinal epithelial layer and cause intestinal dysbiosis. Inhibiting opioid-induced dysbiosis can preclude the development of tolerance to opioid-induced antinociception, suggesting an important role of the gut-brain axis in mediating opioid effects. However, the mechanism underlying opioid-induced dysbiosis remains unclear. Host-produced antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are critical for the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier as they prevent the pathogenesis of the enteric microbiota. Here, we report that chronic morphine exposure reduces expression of the antimicrobial peptide, Regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma (Reg3γ), in the ileum resulting in reduced intestinal antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, L. reuteri. Fecal samples from morphine-treated mice had reduced levels of the phylum, Firmicutes, concomitant with reduced levels of short-chain fatty acid, butyrate. Fecal microbial transplant (FMT) from morphine-naïve mice restored the antimicrobial activity, the expression of Reg3γ, and prevented the increase in intestinal permeability and the development of antinociceptive tolerance in morphine-dependent mice. Similarly, oral gavage with sodium butyrate dose-dependently reduced the development of antinociceptive tolerance, and prevented the downregulation of Reg3γ and the reduction in antimicrobial activity. The alpha diversity of the microbiome was also restored by oral butyrate in morphine-dependent mice. These data implicate impairment of the antimicrobial activity of the intestinal epithelium as a mechanism by which morphine disrupts the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
Nanozyme as detector and eliminator to environmental pollutants: Between current situation and future prospective
Authors: Elkomy Hager A. , El-Naggar Shimaa A. , Elantary Mariam A. , Gamea Sherif M. , Ragab Mahmoud A. , Basyouni Omar M. , Mouhamed Moustafa S. , Elnajjar Fares F.
Published: August 2023

The name "nanozyme" refers to a nanomaterial with capabilities similar to those of an enzyme; in recent years, nanozymes have developed quickly. Nanozymes show notable advantages over natural enzymes, including an easy production process, a low cost, a lengthy storage time, and great environmental stability. In this review, we briefly discuss a number of common uses for nanozymes, including the detection and removal of pollutants like pathogens, toxic ions, pesticides, phenols, organic pollutants, air pollution, and antibiotic residues. We then concentrate on anticipated challenges and future developments for nanozymes. Research in this area has been increasingly interesting as a result of the quick growth of nanozyme applications in bioscience and technology, and it is anticipated that it will soon be an explosive subject for discussion.
A unifying principle for global greenness patterns and trends
Authors: Cai Wenjia , Zhu Ziqi , Harrison Sandy , Ryu Youngryel , Wang Han , Zhou Boya , Prentice Iain
Published: August 2023

Vegetation cover regulates the exchanges of energy, water and carbon between land and atmosphere. Remotely-sensed fractional absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR), a land-surface greenness measure, depends on carbon allocation to foliage while also controlling photon flux for photosynthesis. Greenness is thus both a driver and an outcome of gross primary production (GPP). An equation with just two (globally) fitted parameters describes seasonal maximum fAPAR (fAPARmax) as the smaller of a water-limited value transpiring a constant fraction of annual precipitation, and an energy-limited value maximizing annual plant growth. This minimalist description reproduces global greenness patterns, and the consistent temporal trends among remote-sensing products, as accurately as the best-performing dynamic global vegetation models. Widely observed greening is attributed to the influence of rising carbon dioxide on the light- and water-use efficiencies of GPP, augmented by wetting in some dry regions and warming in high latitudes. Limited regions show browning, attributed to drying.
A pragmatic randomized strategy comparative clinical study of Pharmacopuncture for HIVD of L-spine: Study protocol for a randomized, single-blinded, sham-controlled, parallel-group, clinical trial
Authors: Won Eun Sol , Ryu Hwa Yeon , Choi Youn Young , Kang Jae Hui , Kim Young Kyung
Published: August 2023

Background
Back pain is a symptom experienced by more than 80% of the total population in terms of socioeconomic aspects. Herniation of Intervertebral disk(HIVD) occupies an important position as the cause of back pain.
Methods
This study compares the strategy of treating these pharmacopuncture with korean medicine treatment and the strategy of korean medicine treatment(KMT) Through this, the benefit effect or appropriateness of pharmacopuncture in the clinical treatment environment is confirmed. This study is a researcher clinical study.
Discussion
This study compares pharmacological parallel korean medicine treatment(KMT) group and the general KMT group with HIVD. Through this, a practical clinical research protocol is developed to confirm the benefit effect of pharmacopuncture in a clinical care environment. Although it has the advantage of reflecting the clinical environment well, there is a high possibility of twisting errors. Various possibilities will be fully reviewed in advance to overcome the limitations of practical. This will provide a cornerstone for conducting reliable clinical trials in the future in addition to practical clinical protocol proposals for HIVD initial research design. The goal of this paper is to develop a high-quality clinical protocol. This will provide a cornerstone for conducting reliable clinical trials in the future in addition to practical clinical protocol proposals for HIVD.
Trial registration
This trial was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS-KCT0008542).
The impact of clinical genome sequencing in a global population of patients with suspected rare genetic disease
Authors: Taft Ryan , Thorpe Erin , Williams Taylor , Shaw Chad , Chekalin Evgenii , Ortega Julia , Robinson Keisha , Button Jason , Jones Marilyn , Campo Miguel del , Basel Donald , McCarrier Julie , Keppen Laura Davis , Royer Erin , Foster-Bonds Romina , Duenas-Roque Milagros , Urraca Nora , Bosfield Kerri , Brown Chester , Lydigsen Holly , Mroczkowski Henry , Ward Jewell , Sirchia Fabio , Giorgio Elisa , Vaux Keith , Salguero Hildegard Peña , Zola Aimé Lumaka , Mubungu Gerrye , Makay Prince , Ngole Mamy , Lukusa Prosper , Vanderver Adeline , Muirhead Kayla , Sherbini Omar , Lah Melissa , Anderson Katelynn , Montoya Jeny Bazalar , Rodriguez Richard , Olivas Mario Cornejo , Milla-Neyra Karina , Shinawi Marwan , Magoulas Pilar , Henry Duncan , Gibson Kate , Wiafe Samuel , Jayakar Parul , Salyakina Daria , Masser-Frye Diane , Serize Arturo , Perez Jorge , Taylor Alan , Shenbagam Shruti , Tayoun Ahmad Abou , Malhotra Alka , Bennett Maren , Rajan Vani , Avecilla James , Warren Andrew , Arseneault Max , Kalista Tasha , Crawford Ali , Ajay Subramanian , Perry Denise , Belmont John
Published: August 2023

Clinical genome sequencing (cGS) holds promise as a unified diagnostic testing platform in patients with a suspected rare genetic disease (RGD), however its performance and impact on clinical management in a diverse global population has yet to be investigated. The iHope program established a network of 24 clinical sites in eight countries to provide cGS to individuals with signs or symptoms of a RGD and constrained access to molecular testing. A retrospective, observational analysis of 1,004 individuals who received cGS testing from June 2016 through September 2021 was performed. The cGS diagnostic yield in this diverse cohort (51.8% non-majority European) was 41.4% (416/1004), with patients from sites in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) 2.6-times more likely to receive a positive test result compared to sites in high-income countries (HIC) (95% CI 1.9–3.4, p < 0.0001). Changes in diagnostic evaluation and management were reported in 76.9% and 69.2% of cases, respectively. Comparison of LMIC and HIC patients with positive test results demonstrated that LMIC patients were equally likely to experience a change in DE (OR 6.1, 95% CI 1.1- , p = 0.05) and COM (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.5–1.3, p = 0.49), indicating that increased access to cGS may support diagnostic equity and the reduction of global health care disparities.
Consistent stoichiometric long-term relationships between nutrients and chlorophyll-a across lakes
Authors: Graeber Daniel , McCarthy Mark , Shatwell Tom , Borchardt Dietrich , Jeppesen Erik , Søndergaard Martin , Lauridsen Torben Lindig , Davidson Thomas
Published: August 2023

Aquatic ecosystems are threatened by eutrophication from nutrient pollution1. In lakes, eutrophication causes a plethora of deleterious effects, such as harmful algal blooms, fish kills2 and increased methane emissions3. However, lake-specific responses to nutrient changes are highly variable, complicating eutrophication management4. These lake-specific responses could result from short-term stochastic drivers overshadowing lake-independent, long-term relationships between phytoplankton and nutrients5. Here we show that strong stoichiometric relationships exist between nutrients and chlorophyll a (Chla) for 5-year simple moving averages (SMAs, median R² = 0.87) along a gradient of total nitrogen to total phosphorus (TN : TP) ratios. These stoichiometric relationships are consistent across 159 shallow lakes from a cross-continental, open-access database. We calculated 5-year SMA residuals to assess short-term variability and found substantial short-term Chla variation which was weakly related to nutrient concentrations (median R² = 0.12). Our findings are robust and broadly relevant. We found consistent statistical estimates based on a rigorous bootstrap approach and included all data from lakes under six meters average depth, a category that includes 89% of global lakes. These stoichiometric long-term relationships can improve quantitative nutrient management in lakes and their catchments through a nutrient-ratio-based strategy.
Mating harassment may boost the effectiveness of the sterile insect technique for Aedes mosquitoes
Authors: Bouyer Jérémy , Zhang Dongjing , Maiga Hamidou , Li Yongjun , Bakhoum Mame Thierno , Wang Gang , Sun Yan , Damiens David , Mamai Wadaka , Somda Nanwintoum , Wallner Thomas , Masso Odet Bueno , Martina Claudia , Kotla Simran , Yamada Hanano , Deng Lu , Tan Cheong Huat , Guo Jiatian , Feng Qingdeng , Zhang Junyan , Zhao Xufei , Paerhande Dilinuer , Pan Wenjie , Wu Yu , Zheng Xiaoying , Wu Zhongdao , Xi Zhiyong , Vreysen Marc
Published: August 2023

The sterile insect technique (SIT) is based on the overflooding of a target population with released sterile males inducing sterility in the wild female population. The SIT has proven to be effective against several insect pest species of agricultural and veterinary importance and is under development for Aedes mosquitoes. Here, we show that the release of sterile males in high sterile male to wild female ratios may also impact the target female population through mating harassment. Under laboratory conditions, male to female ratios above 50 to 1 reduced the longevity of female Aedes mosquitoes by reducing their feeding success. Under semi-field conditions, blood uptake of females from an artificial host and biting rates on humans were also strongly reduced. Finally, in a field SIT trial conducted in a 1.17 ha area in China, the female biting rate was reduced by 80%, concurrent to a reduction of female mosquito density of 40% due to the swarming of males around humans attempting to mate with the female mosquitoes. This suggests that the SIT does not only suppress mosquito vector populations through the induction of sterility, but might also reduce disease transmission due to increased female mortality and lower host contact.
A Fault Diagnosis Method for Wireless Sensor Network nodes based on Belief Rule Base with Adaptive Attribute Weights
Authors: Shi Ke-Xin , Li Shi-Ming , Sun Guo-Wen , Feng Zhi-Chao , He Wei
Published: August 2023

Due to wireless sensor networks (WSNs)’ harsh operating environment and ultralong operating hours, node failures are inevitable. Ensuring the dependable collection of data necessitates the utmost importance of diagnosing faults in nodes within the wireless sensor network. Typically, the initial step in the fault diagnosis of WSN nodes involves extracting numerical features from neighboring nodes. However, a solitary data feature assigned a high weight fails to effectively discriminate between all types of faults. Therefore, this study introduces an enhanced variant of the traditional belief rule base (BRB), called the belief rule base with adaptive attribute weights (BRB-AAW). First, the data features are extracted as input attributes for the model. Second, a fault diagnosis model for WSN nodes, incorporating BRB-AAW, is established by integrating expert knowledge initialization parameters with the extracted data features. To optimize the model's initial parameters, the projection covariance matrix adaptive evolution strategy (P-CMA-ES) algorithm is employed. Finally, a comprehensive case study is designed to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method. The outcomes of the case study indicate a discernible enhancement in the accuracy of WSN node fault diagnosis when compared to the traditional BRB method.
Construction of a high-density genetic linkage map and QTL mapping of growth and cold tolerance traits in Takifugu fasciatus
Authors: Zhang Ying , Li Jie , Chu Peng , Shang RuHua , Yin Shaowu , Wang Tao
Published: August 2023

Takifugu fasciatus is an aquaculture species with high economic value. In recent years, problems such as environmental pollution and inbreeding have caused a serious decline of T. fasciatus germplasm resources. This study, a high-density genetic linkage map was constructed by whole-genome resequencing. The map consists of 4891 bin markers distributed across 22 linkage groups (LG), with a total genetic coverage of 2381.353 cM and a mean density of 0.535 cM. QTL (quantitative trait locus) localization analysis showed that a total of 19 QTL associated with growth traits of T. fasciatus were identified in the genome-wide significance threshold range, distributed on 11 LGs. In addition, 11 QTLs associated with cold tolerance traits were identified, each scattered on a different LG. Further, we used QTL localization analysis to screen out three candidate genes (IGF1, IGF2, ADGRB) related to growth in T. fasciatus. Meanwhile, we screened three candidate genes (HSP90, HMGB1, HMGB1) related to cold tolerance of T. fasciatus. Our study can provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of cold-tolerant or fast-growth T. fasciatus.
Exploring the steps of learning: Computational modeling of initiatory-actions among individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Katabi Gili , Shahar Nitzan
Published: August 2023

ADHD is characterized by a difficulty to act in a goal-directed manner. While most environments require a sequence of actions for goal attainment, ADHD was never studied in the context of value-based sequence learning. Here, we made use of current advancements in hierarchical reinforcement-learning algorithms to track the internal value and choice policy of individuals with ADHD performing a three-stage sequence learning task. Specifically, 54 participants (28 ADHD, 26 controls) completed a value-based reinforcement-learning task that allowed us to estimate internal action values for each trial and stage using computational modeling. We found attenuated sensitivity to action values in ADHD compared to controls, both in choice and reaction-time variability estimates. Remarkably, this was found only for first stage actions (i.e., initiatory actions), while for action performed just before outcome delivery the two groups were strikingly indistinguishable. These results suggest a difficulty in following value estimation for initiatory actions in ADHD.
Analysis of Differential Metabolites in Serum Metabolomics of Patients with Aortic Dissection
Authors: Gong Yun , Li Tangzhiming , Liu Qiyun , Wang Xiaoyu , Deng Zixian , Liu Huadong , Yu Biao , Cheng Lixin
Published: August 2023

Background
Pathogenesis and diagnostic biomarkers of aortic dissection (AD) can be classified by analysis of the serum differential metabolites. Analysis of differential metabolites in serum provides new methods for exploring the early diagnosis and treatment of aortic dissection
Objectives
This study examined affected metabolic pathways to assess the diagnostic value of metabolomics biomarkers in clients with AD.
Method
The serum from 30 patients with AD and 30 healthy people was collected. The most diagnostic metabolite markers were determined using metabolomic analysis and related metabolic pathways were explored.
Results
A total of 71 differential metabolites were identified. The altered metabolic pathways included reduced phospholipid catabolism and four different metabolites considered of most diagnostic value including N2-gamma-glutamylglutamine, PC(phocholines) (20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/15:0), propionyl carnitine, and taurine. These four predictive metabolic biomarkers accurately classified AD patient and healthy control (HC) samples with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9875. Based on the value of the four different metabolites, a formula was created to calculate the risk of aortic dissection. Risk score = N2-gamma-glutamylglutamine × -0.684 ་ PC(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/15:0) × 0.427 ་ propionyl carnitine × 0.523 ་ taurine × -1.242. An additional metabolic pathways model related to aortic dissection was explored.
Conclusion
Metabolomics can help to explore the metabolic disorders of AD and aid a further search for potential metabolic biomarkers.
Preparation and Study of Straw Porous Biochar with Aromatic Ring Structure for Adsorption Performance and Mechanism towards TNT Red Water
Authors: Liu Nengsheng , Qin Jiangzhou , Ge Xinrui , Lu Yanyu , Zhang Jihan , Zhao Quanlin , Ye Zhengfang
Published: August 2023

Finding efficient and sustainable methods for the remove of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) from industrial wastewater is an important research area in the field of environment. This paper explores the application of sustainable biomass-derived carbon produced from rice straw for the adsorption of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) red water. The rice straw-derived biochar (SBC) materials were synthesized by two-step reactions through hydrothermal carbonization and chemical activation with KOH. Characterization of the fabricated biochar was conducted using various techniques. Here the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was used as an evaluation index for adsorption efficiency. The adsorption kinetics showed a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption equilibrium was achieved in 30 min. The biochar’s high surface area (1319 m2/g) and large pore volume (1.058 cm3/g) gave it a large adsorption capacity. The Langmuir model exhibited better correlation for equilibrium data analysis, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 173.9 mg/g at 298 K. The SBC was found to have a high removal effect over a wide pH range (from 1 to 13) and showed remarkable stability after undergoing five desorption-adsorption cycles using ethanol and acetone as eluent. The results provide a simple and low-cost method for the efficient treatment of TNT red water.
Calculations of contaminants removal from liquid aluminium to top slag
Authors: Żak Paweł Leszek , Kalisz Dorota , Kuglin Kamil , Szucki Michał , Mrówka Natalia , Dan Elena
Published: August 2023

In the paper results of numerical analysis of KCl and KF contamination particles present in liquid aluminium assimilationto the slag are presented. Authors analyzed contamination particle movement in the slag model, which base on buoyant,capillary, viscosity, Newton and repulsion forces, interfacial tensions at the interface of phases and surface energy during theparticle movement through phases boundary. On the base of the mathematical model computer program was written to makesimulations under different conditions. In the paper results of particle position in the slag for different particle radiuses: 1, 5, 10,20 μm, and constant slag viscosity including velocity evolution are presented. Another approach was used to indicate influenceof slag viscosity on particle and slag penetration depth. During computations selected slag viscosities of 0.0012, 0.0015,0.0018 [kg / m·s] were taken into account. Different comparisons were made for chosen particle sizes. Each examinationtakes into account impact of contamination particle type. Results clearly show that for larger particles slag penetration depth isgreater and viscosity of the slag has an impact on velocity evolution during assimilation process.
Multi-source heterogeneous blockchain data quality assessment model for enterprise business activities
Authors: Zhang Haolin , Zhang Ran , Li Su , Du Likuan , Song Baoyan , Wang Junlu
Published: August 2023

Blockchain-based applications are becoming more and more widespread in business operations. This paper proposes a multi-source heterogeneous blockchain data quality assessment method for enterprise business activities, aiming at the problems that most of the data in enterprise business activities come from different data sources, information representation is inconsistent, information ambiguity between the same block chain is serious, and it is difficult to evaluate the consistency, credibility and value of information. The method firstly proposes an entity information representation method based on the Representation learning for fusing entity category information (CEKGRL) model, which introduces the triad structure of related entities in blockchain, then associates them with enterprise business activity categories, and carries out similarity calculation through contextual information to achieve blockchain information consistency assessment. After that, a trustworthiness characterisation method is proposed based on information sources, information comments, and information contents, to obtain the trustworthiness assessment of the business. Finally, based on the information trustworthiness characterization, a value assessment method is introduced to assess the total value of business activity information in the blockchain, and a blockchain quality assessment model is constructed. The experimental results show that the proposed model has great advantages over existing methods in assessing inter-block consistency, intra-block activity information trustworthiness and the value of blockchain.
Content analysis of drug recall announcements in Saudi Arabia: Between 2016 and 2022
Authors: Almutairi Malak , Algabbani Aljoharah , Asiri Ajbaa Al , Homaidan Ali Al , Alqahtani Amani S.
Published: August 2023

Purpose
This study aims to analyze drug recall reports issued by the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) in Saudi Arabia over seven years and describe the practice of pharmaceutical companies regarding voluntary drug recalls.
Methods
A retrospective data analysis was conducted on drug recall announcements issued by the SFDA between July 2016 and December 2022. The study included registered and unregistered drug recalls posted on the SFDA Drugs Circulars and Withdrawal webpage. Descriptive analysis was performed on variables such as recall year, report language, number of report items, depth of recall, product name, therapeutic class, product registration status, recall type, pharmaceutical company type, recall reasons, and voluntary or involuntary product defect reports.
Results
During the study period, a total of 375 products were recalled, with the majority being involuntary recalls (82.7%). Over two-thirds of the recalls (66.4%) were related to registered products. The most common reasons for recalls were non-compliance with manufacturer's specifications (33.3%), contamination (23.7%), and violations (20.5%). A total of 109 pharmaceutical companies were associated with the recalled products, with (85.3%) being generic pharmaceutical companies. The majority of innovator pharmaceutical companies (68.8%) requested voluntary drug recall of defective products. Innovator pharmaceutical companies tended to request voluntary recalls more often than generic pharmaceutical companies.
Conclusion
The study findings highlight the most frequent causes of drug recalls and the patterns of voluntary recall requests by pharmaceutical companies. Non-compliance with manufacturer's specifications was the most common reason for recalls. Innovator pharmaceutical companies were more likely to request voluntary recalls for product defects compared to generic pharmaceutical companies.
Duration of untreated illness; year of onset early/late and Gender differences, symptoms in patients with Major depressive disorder. an eighteen month, cross-sectional, clinical study in southwest China
Authors: Cao Xiang , Liu Zijun , Duan Yunfang , Zheng Qiong , Zhao Xinling , Liu Yilin , You Xu , Guo Zeyi , Wu Xiaoqin , Tu FangJun , Qin Fuyi , Wen Jia , Hou Xi , Zhang Yunqiao , Zeng Yong
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Previous studies have reported differences between adolescent-depression and adult- onset depression with respect to demographic and clinical symptoms. However, it remains unclear whether these sex and age of onset differences can be detected in regular scales based on symptom traits. The comparition of symptoms between early-onset (male/female) and late-onset (male/female) Chinese MDD patients was performed in the present study.
Methods/Study protocol:
The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the psychiatric department of the sixth affiliated hospital at Kunming Medical University from Sep 2020 to Mar 2022. We recruited 229 outpatients with a first diagnosis of MDD .Two groups differed on seven-dimensional symptoms on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) in addition, correlations between seven-dimensional symptoms were compared across two groups.Principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted to assess sex, SAS and SDS differences between two groups.
Results:
1.Early-onset cases have a high score in Hopelessness score (p=0.049), whereas females have a higher score in Anxiety somatization score (p=0.005) and sleep disturbances（p=0.007），There was no significant symptom difference in symptoms between the groups and other symptoms.
2.female(p＜0.01) and early-onset（p＜0.05）are risk factors for hopelessness in MDD, female（p＜0.05）is a risk factor of sleep disturbances in late-onset MDD, early-onset（p＜0.05）is a risk factor of cognitive impairment restrict in female in MDD. 3.we found no significant goodness of fit and predictive power in 4 groups categorized by year of onset.
Conclusion:
larger samples sizes in different regions and time periods with targeted cognitive questionnaire are warranted to redress the new nosology in early-onset MDD based on DUI in additional studies2.Late-onset female patients show less cognitive impairment and more sleep disorder.3.the female and early onset year are risk factors in the hopelessness score in cases of MDD.
Trial entry:
China Clinical Trials.gov 908236120030
Postoperative outcomes, predictors and trends of mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery with underlying aortic stenosis: A nationwide inpatient sample analysis
Authors: Hassan Shahzad , Anwar Waqas , Mehta Shivani , Hanif Muhammad Iftikhar , Kamouh Abdallah , Blood Alexander J.
Published: August 2023

Background: Hip fractures frequently necessitate hospitalization, especially among patients aged 75 and above who might concurrently suffer from aortic stenosis (AS). This study focuses on postoperative outcomes, potential determinants of morbidity and mortality, as well as evolving trends in patients with AS undergoing surgical repair of hip fractures.Methods: A retrospective analysis of the nationwide inpatient sample from 2008 to 2019 was conducted. Hip fracture cases were identified, and a subgroup with AS was isolated using the ICD-9 and ICD-10 diagnostic codes. We compared baseline characteristics, postoperative in-hospital outcomes and trends in mortality and morbidity between patients with and without AS.Results: From the dataset, 2,834,919 patients with hip fracture were identified on weighted analysis. Of these, 94,270 (3.3%) were found to have concurrent AS. The AS cohort was characterized by higher mean age and elevated burden of cardiovascular comorbidities, such as coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias. Postoperative mortality following hip fracture surgery was greater in the AS groups compared to non-AS group (3.3% vs 1.57%, p < 0.001). Risk factors such as congestive heart failure (OR, 2.3[CI, 2.1–2.6]), age above 85 years (OR, 3.2[CI, 2.2–4.7]), cardiac arrhythmias (OR, 2.4[CI, 2.2–2.6]), end-stage renal disease (OR, 3.4[CI, 2.7–4.1]), malnutrition (OR, 2.3[CI, 2.1–2.7]) and AS (OR, 1.2[CI, 1.08–1.5] were associated with increased adjusted odds of postoperative mortality. AS was linked to higher adjusted odds of postoperative mortality (OR, 1.2 [CI, 1.1–1.5]) and complications such as acute myocardial infarction (OR, 1.2 [CI, 1.01–1.4]), cardiogenic shock (OR, 2.0[CI, 1.4–2.9]) and acute renal failure (OR, 1.1[CI, 1.02–1.2]). While hospital stay duration was comparable in both groups (average 5 days), the AS group incurred higher costs (mean $50,673 vs $44,607). The presence of acute heart failure in patients with AS and hip fracture significantly increased mortality, hospital stay, and cost. A notable decline in postoperative in-hospital mortality was observed in both groups from 2008–2019 though the rate of major in-hospital complications rose.Conclusion: AS significantly influences postoperative in-hospital mortality and complication rates in hip fracture patients. While a reduction in postoperative mortality was observed in both AS and non-AS cohorts, the incidence of major in-hospital complications increased across both groups.
Designing a psychometric assessment tool for evaluating Training Programs of Clinical Skill Training Center from Consumers’ Perspective
Authors: Azad Rezvan , Shakour Mahsa , Moharami narjes
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The Clinical Skill Training Center (CSTC) is the first educational environment where students learn clinical skills. Consumer- based evaluation is one of the ways to improve this center with the consumer. This study was conducted with the aim of preparing a consumer-oriented evaluation tool for CSTC.
Method: The study was mixed method. After literature review in the Divergent phase, a complete list of problems in the field of CSTC was prepared. In the convergent stage, the prepared list was placed next to the clinical education standards and Scriven evaluation values and reviewed with the highest degree by the scientific committee consisting of experts from the Faculty of Medicine and Clinical Education and compared to limiting them according to the criteria. Validity has been measured by determining CVR and CVI: Index. The face and content validity of the tool was obtained through the approval of a group of specialists.
Results: The findings of the research were in the form of 4 questionnaires: clinical instructors, pre-clinical students, and medical trainees and interns. All items were designed as a 5-point Likert. The main areas of evaluation included the objectives and content of training courses, implementation of operations, facilities and equipment, and the environment and indoor space. In order to examine the long-term effects, a special evaluation form was designed for intern.
Conclusion: The tool for consumer evaluation was designed with good reliability and trustworthiness and suitable for use in the CSTC, and its use can improve the effectiveness of clinical education activities.