bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Histoplasmosis Accompanying Disseminated Tuberculosis in an Immunocompetent Adolescent Boy
Authors: Choudhury Ashis Kumar , Mishra Ankit Kumar , Gautam Deepak Kumar , Tilak Ragini , Tilak Vijai , Gambhir Indrajeet Singh , Chakrabarti Sankha Shubhra
Published: November 2019

The incidence of tuberculosis in India is quite high. In such a situation, empirical antitubercular therapy (ATT) is often resorted to, when some of the investigation findings are clearly diagnostic of tuberculosis. This may mean missing out on coinfections. Whereas this is particularly true for immunosuppressed patients, rarely even immunocompetent patients may present with such diagnostic dilemmas. We present the case of an adolescent boy who had been previously asymptomatic and who presented with fever with lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia. Initially, ATT was administered based on the detection of acid-fast bacteria in lymph node, caseating granulomas with Langhans giant cells, and a positive cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, when the patient failed to respond fully to the treatment, additional investigation in the form of bone marrow fungal culture led to the diagnosis of histoplasmosis.
Measuring the Host-Seeking Ability of Aedes aegypti Destined for Field Release
Authors: Lau Meng-Jia , Endersby-Harshman Nancy M. , Axford Jason K. , Ritchie Scott A. , Hoffmann Ary A. , Ross Perran A.
Published: November 2019

Host seeking is an essential process in mosquito reproduction. Field releases of modified mosquitoes for population replacement rely on successful host seeking by female mosquitoes, but host-seeking ability is rarely tested in a realistic context. We tested the host-seeking ability of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes using a semi-field system. Females with different Wolbachia infection types (wMel-, wAlbB-infected, and uninfected) or from different origins (laboratory and field) were released at one end of a semi-field cage and recaptured as they landed on human experimenters 15 m away. Mosquitoes from each population were then identified with molecular tools or through minimal dusting with fluorescent powder. Wolbachia-infected and uninfected populations had similar average durations to landing and overall recapture proportions, as did laboratory and field-sourced Ae. aegypti. These results indicate that the host-seeking ability of mosquitoes is not negatively affected by Wolbachia infection or long-term laboratory maintenance. This method provides an approach to study the host-seeking ability of mosquitoes in a realistic setting, which will be useful when evaluating strains of mosquitoes that are planned for releases into the field to suppress arbovirus transmission.
Frequency and Clinical Significance of Localized Adverse Events following Mass Drug Administration for Lymphatic Filariasis in an Endemic Area in South India
Authors: Kuttiatt Vijesh Sreedhar , Somani Roopali K. , Swaminathan Subramanian , Krishnamoorthy Kaliannagounder , Weil Gary J. , Purushothaman Jambulingam
Published: November 2019

Fear of adverse events (AEs) negatively affects compliance to mass drug administration (MDA) for lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination program. Systemic AEs are believed to occur because of killing of microfilariae, whereas localized soft tissue reactions might be due to the death of adult worms following therapy. Most AEs are mild and self-limited. However, localized AEs are sometimes more significant and of concern to participants. Here, we describe localized AEs that were noted during a large community study that evaluated the safety of a triple-drug regimen (ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine, and albendazole) for the treatment of LF in India. We have also discussed the importance of timely detection and careful management of AEs for preserving community confidence in MDA.
Epidemiology of Parasitic Infections in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Palestine
Authors: Hamarsheh Omar , Amro Ahmad
Published: November 2019

Parasitic infections are a public health problem that affects all population levels in developing countries including Palestine. The current study describes the epidemiology of parasitic infections in Palestine from 2008 to 2017. Twelve prominent parasitic infections were reported: leishmaniasis (both cutaneous and visceral), malaria, hydatid disease caused by hydatid cysts, toxoplasmosis, ascariasis, oxyuriasis, strongyloidiasis, taeniasis caused by Taenia saginata, amebiasis, giardiasis, and scabies. A total of 137,106 cases were reported; among them, 92,494 (67%) in the Gaza Strip and 44,612 (33%) in the West Bank. This study provides baseline information for better understanding the status of parasitic infections in Palestine and compares their epidemiology between the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Appropriate control measures and health education directed to the public about preventive measures should be considered to raise awareness about parasitic infections to lower their incidences and burden in Palestine.
High Rates of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase Carbapenemase Genes in Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in Nicaragua
Authors: Dretler Alexandra W. , Avila Julissa , Sandoval Lira Lissette , García Rener Marcia , Burger-Calderon Raquel , Hargita Michelle N. , Page Alexander M. , Waggoner Jesse J. , Satola Sarah W.
Published: November 2019

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health crisis. Much of the burden of AMR in resource-limited settings remains unknown. This pilot study characterized clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative rods (MDR-GNRs) from Nicaragua. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) carbapenemase genes were detected in 60% of isolates. Enterobacteriaceae had the highest rates of NDM detection, with 92% (50/54 isolates) positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis revealed patterns of clustering among isolates by two factors: plasmid profiles and year of culture. These findings of very high rates of NDM-carbapenemase genes in MDR-GNRs from hospitals throughout Nicaragua are alarming. Further research is needed to determine clinical and epidemiologic factors associated with multidrug-resistant isolates and to guide interventions to limit further spread.
Burkholderia pseudomallei Detection among Hospitalized Patients, Sarawak
Authors: Choi Jessica Y. , Hii King Ching , Bailey Emily S. , Chuang Jia Yun , Tang Wei Yieng , Yuen Wong Edmund Kwang , Ti Tiana , Pau Kat Siong , Berita Antoinette , Saihidi Izreena , Ting Jakie , Chua Tiing-Tiing , Toh Teck-Hock , AuCoin David P. , DeShazer David , Gray Gregory C.
Published: November 2019

Burkholderia pseudomallei infections are prevalent in Southeast Asia and northern Australia and often misdiagnosed. Diagnostics are often neither sensitive nor rapid, contributing up to 50% mortality rate. In this 2018 pilot study, we enrolled 100 patients aged 6 months–79 years from Kapit Hospital in Sarawak, Malaysia, with symptoms of B. pseudomallei infection. We used three different methods for the detection of B. pseudomallei: a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, a rapid lateral flow immunoassay, and the standard-of-care bacterial culture—the gold standard. Among the 100 participants, 24 (24%) were positive for B. pseudomallei by one or more of the detection methods. Comparing the two individual diagnostic methods against the gold standard—bacterial culture—of any positive test, there was low sensitivity for each test (25–44%) but high specificity (93–98%). It seems clear that more sensitive diagnostics or a sensitive screening diagnostic followed by specific confirmatory diagnostic is needed for this disease.
A Multiphase CMAQ Version 5.0 Adjoint
Authors: Zhao Shunliu , Russell Matthew G. , Hakami Amir , Capps Shannon L. , Turner Matthew D. , Henze Daven K. , Percell Peter B. , Resler Jaroslav , Shen Huizhong , Russell Armistead G. , Nenes Athanasios , Pappin Amanda J. , Napelenok Sergey L. , Bash Jesse O. , Fahey Kathleen M. , Carmichael Gregory R. , Stanier Charles O. , Chai Tianfeng
Published: November 2019

Abstract. We present the development of a multiphase adjoint for the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model, a widely used chemical transport model. The adjoint provides location- and time-specific gradients that can be used in various applications such as backward sensitivity analysis, source attribution, optimal pollution control, data assimilation and inverse modeling. The science processes of the CMAQ model include gas-phase chemistry, aerosols, cloud chemistry and dynamics, diffusion and advection. Discrete adjoints are implemented for all the science processes, with an additional continuous adjoint for advection. The development of discrete adjoints is assisted with Algorithmic Differentiation (AD) tools. Particularly, the Kinetic PreProcessor (KPP) is implemented for gas-phase and aqueous chemistry, and two different automatic differentiation tools are used for other processes such as clouds, aerosols, diffusion, and advection. The continuous adjoint of advection is developed manually. For adjoint validation, the brute-force or Finite Difference Method (FDM) is implemented process by process with box- or column-model simulations. Due to the inherent limitations of the FDM caused by numerical round-off errors, the Complex Variable Method (CVM) is adopted where necessary. The adjoint model often shows better agreement with the CVM than with the FDM. The adjoints of all science processes compare favorably with the FDM/CVM. In an example application of the full, multiphase adjoint model, we provide the first estimates of how emissions of PM2.5 affect public health across the US.
ESMValTool v2.0 – Extended set of large-scale diagnostics for quasi-operational and comprehensive evaluation of Earth system models in CMIP
Authors: Eyring Veronika , Bock Lisa , Lauer Axel , Righi Mattia , Schlund Manuel , Andela Bouwe , Arnone Enrico , Bellprat Omar , Brötz Björn , Caron Louis-Phillippe , Carvalhais Nuno , Cionni Irene , Cortesi Nicola , Crezee Bas , Davin Edouard , Davini Paolo , Debeire Kevin , de Mora Lee , Deser Clara , Docquier David , Earnshaw Paul , Ehbrecht Carsten , Gier Bettina K. , Gonzalez-Reviriego Nube , Goodman Paul , Hagemann Stefan , Hardiman Steven , Hassler Birgit , Hunter Alasdair , Kadow Christopher , Kindermann Stephan , Koirala Sujan , Koldunov Nikolay V. , Lejeune Quentin , Lembo Valerio , Lovato Tomas , Lucarini Valerio , Massonnet Francois , Müller Benjamin , Pandde Amarjiit , Pérez-Zanón Nuria , Phillips Adam , Predoi Valeriu , Russell Joellen , Sellar Alistair , Serva Federico , Stacke Tobias , Swaminathan Ranjini , Torralba Verónica , Vegas-Regidor Javier , von Hardenberg Jost , Weigel Katja , Zimmermann Klaus
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The Earth System Model Evaluation Tool (ESMValTool) is a community diagnostics and performance metrics tool designed to improve comprehensive and routine evaluation of Earth System Models (ESMs) participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). It has undergone rapid development since the first release in 2016 and is now a well-tested tool that provides end-to-end provenance tracking to ensure reproducibility. It consists of an easy-to-install, well documented Python package providing the core functionalities (ESMValCore) that performs common pre-processing operations and a diagnostic part that includes tailored diagnostics and performance metrics for specific scientific applications. Here we describe large-scale diagnostics of the second major release of the tool that supports the evaluation of ESMs participating in CMIP Phase 6 (CMIP6). ESMValTool v2.0 includes a large collection of diagnostics and performance metrics for atmospheric, oceanic, and terrestrial variables for the mean state, trends, and variability. ESMValTool v2.0 also successfully reproduces figures from the evaluation and projections chapters of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) and incorporates updates from targeted analysis packages, such as the NCAR Climate Variability Diagnostics Package for the evaluation of modes of variability the Thermodynamic Diagnostic Tool (TheDiaTo) to evaluate the energetics of the climate system, as well as parts of AutoAssess that contains a mix of top-down performance metrics. The tool has been fully integrated into the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) infrastructure at the Deutsches Klima Rechenzentrum (DKRZ) to provide evaluation results from CMIP6 model simulations shortly after the output is published to the CMIP archive. A result browser has been implemented that enables advanced monitoring of the evaluation results by a broad user community at much faster timescales than what was possible in CMIP5.
Acting Through Inaction: The Distinction Between Leisure and Reverie in Jacques Rancière’s Conception of Emancipation
Authors: Ross Alison
Published: November 2019

The classical distinction between leisure and work is often used to define features of the emancipated life. In Aristotle leisure is defined as time devoted to purposeful activity, and distinguished from the labour time expended merely to produce life’s necessities. In critical theory, this classical distinction has been adapted to provide an image of emancipated life, as purposively driven, fulfilling and meaningful activity. Aspects of this adapted definition undermine the classical leisure/work distinction to the extent that the demand for meaningful work, i.e., a leisure-work conjunction, is now used as a critical perspective on unfulfilling, oppressive labour. Rancière, however, is critical both of this idea of an extended franchise for leisure and of its dependence on craft and artisanal labour as the model of satisfying, skilled work. Instead of Aristotelian leisure, or ‘fulfilling’ work, Rancière identifies in the state of reverie an alternative marker for the emancipated life. The theme is consistent across the scattered archival, historiographical, philosophical, literary and aesthetic contexts his writing treats. But since reverie is defined as disengagement from action, the position raises a number of difficulties. This article examines how Rancière connects reverie to emancipation. It focuses on two questions: the nature of the relation between his definition of reverie and the classical, Aristotelian concept of action; and, whether, given the constitutive non-relation between reverie and action that he outlines, Rancière’s position can address the persistent problem in critical theory of the motivation for the emancipated life. It is argued that his highlighting of the potential communicative significance of modes and scenes of emancipated life is relevant to this problem. The key argument is that rather than developing a ‘theory’, his approach to emancipation focuses on and values communicable experiences of emancipation, and that states of reverie are one such type of valued experience.
Jacques Rancière and Critical Theory: Issue Introduction
Authors: Burgos Adam
Published: November 2019

Overview of the special issue on Jacques Ranciere and Critical Theory, along with some additional thoughts.
Taking Action: Writing To End White Supremacy
Authors: Fazio Michele
Published: November 2019

The subject of monuments and their historical value in the present, a topic of great debate both politically and culturally in recent years, has brought to the forefront how prevalent white supremacy is in contemporary society. This subject hit close to home for me and my students as the toppling of confederate statues in downtown Durham and Silent Sam on the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill's campus—both results of protests against the rise of white nationalism—occurred just two hours north from our campus, the University of North Carolina-Pembroke. Known as the most diverse campus in the UNC system with nearly 60% of its undergraduate student population identifying as non-White, UNC-P has a rich history steeped in American Indian culture (its school was created by and for American Indians), and it was difficult to ignore how these two local events along with national news coverage of hate crimes and blackface rehashed racial divisions not only in the South, but across the country.
Ontogénesis del pensamiento especulativo anselmiano
Authors: Corti Enrique Camilo
Published: November 2019

De concordia, el último tratado escrito por Anselmo constituye un hito privilegiado en la ontogénesis de su pensamiento. Intentaré delinear en De concordia aquellos aspectos de su macroestructura que juzgo importantes y que pertenecen a ese proceso genético: 

a) la obra se inscribe —junto con Monologion y Cur deus homo— en la ontogénesis del pensamiento anselmiano en tanto pensamiento especulativo;

b) este carácter especulativo está asociado íntimamente al lenguaje a través de la noción nihil;

c) la articulación entre libertad y necesidad cuanto el desdoblamiento del centro de DC (en centro textual y centro objetivo), son subsidiarios del antedicho carácter especulativo.
Jenaro Abasolo: sobre la gravitación del idealismo en la concepción de la ciencia
Authors: Martínez Becerra Pablo , Cordero Morales Francisco
Published: November 2019

En este artículo damos a conocer la concepción de la “ciencia” del filósofo chileno Jenaro Abasolo (1833-1884) desde la indagación de algunas de sus deudas conceptuales contraídas con seis autores fuente. Fichte, Schelling, Krause, Ahrens, Darwin y Quinet son quienes le permiten a Abasolo establecer un particular intento de síntesis entre los descubrimientos de la ciencia positiva y los principios comunes a las formas de idealismo. Dichos principios sirven a Abasolo para mantener una perspectiva espiritualista que es compatible con los nuevos hallazgos que las ciencias de la naturaleza aportan desde los datos sensibles. Como correlato, Abasolo considera que la filosofía tiene un rol fundamental cuando se trata de dar una visión unitaria del universo a partir de encontrar el nexo entre las relaciones cualitativas y cuantitativas de lo real. A su vez, se esboza la manera en que el análisis de la dimensión físico-natural aportaría a la interpretación del mundo humano de la libertad y cómo las ciencias permitirían hallar diversas coordenadas capaces de orientar adecuadamente al hombre en su desarrollo hacia la constitución de lo que Abasolo define como personalidad política.
Phytochemistry, Antioxidant Activity and Heavy Metal Content on Precooked and Raw of Celosia argentea L., Launaea taraxacifolia Wild. and Ocimum gratissimum L., Three Leafy Vegetables Eaten in Southern Benin
Authors: AGBESSY Kizito Thimoléon , Lagnika Camel , O. Amoussa Abdou Madjid , Nsor-Atindana John , SANNI Ambaliou , LAGNIKA Latifou
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to estimate and compare the antioxidant potential as well as the levels of heavy metal contamination of Celosia argentea (Amaranthaceae), Launaea taraxacifolia (Asteracea) and Ocimum gratissimum (Lamiaceae) collected in four municipalities of South-Benin by taking into accounts the treatment prior to consumption (precooked and raw). A low extraction yield was obtained during the extraction of leafy vegetables subjected to precooking. The phytochemical screening of Launaea taraxacifolia revealed the presence of triterpenes, steroids, flavonoids and tannins. The phytochemical analysis of Ocimum gratissimum revealed the presence of triterpenes, the steroids, tannins, anthraquinones, coumarins and alkaloids. The analysis of Celosia argentea revealed the presence of triterpenes, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones and alkaloids. The antioxidant activity of the various extracts was found to be dose-dependent. The extracts showed significant antioxidant activities with IC50 ranging from 4.03 to 11.42 µg/ml. Ocimum gratissimum had the strongest antioxidant power followed by Celosia argentea and Launaea taraxacifolia respectively. Pre-cooking of leafy vegetables would have an effect on antioxidant activity, which resulted in a slight increase in the DPPH inhibition power of pre-cooked vegetables compared to raw one. The analysis of heavy metals showed the presence of arsenic, mercury and manganese in the different plant extracts. The highest levels were observed in leafy vegetables collect at Cotonou (Houeyiho) followed by those from Sèmè-Podji but all below the thresholds defined by the World Health Organization. The precooking promoted a decrease of the quantity in heavy metals by leaching, causing low concentration in metals of vegetables precooked in contrast with raw ones.
Las comunidades indígenas de Jinotega, resistencia y pertenencia
Authors: González García Ruth
Published: November 2019

El objeto de estudio es entender los elementos propios de la Comunidad Indígena de Jinotega, un grupo social que se auto identifican como herederos de la cultura indígena chorotega y que en la actualidad se encuentran asentados en el departamento de Jinotega. El estudio de los grupos étnicos representa un valioso cúmulo de conocimientos y saberes tradicionales que se han conservado en la memoria de la población por medio de la transmisión oral, es decir, a partir del mito se ha logrado mantener viva la historia de sus antepasados. En este sentido, el presente artículo está dirigida a exponer los resultados que se han generado de ese contacto directo con la población, donde la Historia Oral como método, técnica y fuente representa la herramienta más importante para rescatar ese pasado que permanece activo entre los pobladores.
Freight Distribution Systems with Cross Docking: A Multidisciplinary Analysis
Authors: Gonzalez-Feliu Jesus
Published: November 2019

Freight transport assures a vital link between suppliers and customers and it represents a major source of employment. Multi-echelon distribution is one of the most common strategies in this field. This paper presents the main concepts of multi-echelon distribution with cross-docking through a multidisciplinary analysis that includes an optimization study and an interview-based analysis. The optimization analysis uses both a geographic approach based on the concept of accessibility and a scenario simulation analysis for collaborative freight transportation. The interview-based analysis includes a conceptual framework for logistics and transport pooling systems and a simulation method for strategic planning optimization.
The Impacts of Supply Chain Evolution and Revolution Drivers on Firm Performances and Global Competitiveness
Authors: Dametew Alie Wube
Published: November 2019

The main purpose of this paper is traces to investigate the drivers of supply chain evolution & revolution and their impacts on firm performance and competitiveness. Through field observation and questionnaire survey, a literature review was supported by an empirical study on supply chain evolution and revolution drivers, the impacts on firm performance and comparative advantages were included. The horizontal relation on the drivers of supply chain integrations was empirically investigated and tested. The primary data and field observation were collected from 21 Ethiopian basic metal industries and 91 respondents incorporated as a case company. Followed by the investigation and explored on how supply chain drivers impacts on firm performance and comparative advantage of manufacturing industries incorporated. While globalization, the digital revolution, social media throughout the society, innovation and new product developments are considered as the main drivers of supply chain evolution and revolutions. Commonly, this supply chain evolution and revolution drivers have a positive impact on firm performance and global competitiveness. Further, the result shows that depending on their type and supply chain scenario the drivers of supply chain evolution and revolution have both positive and negative impacts on firm performances and comparative advantages. Moreover paper investigated the relationship between supply chain evolution and the evolution drivers linkages o supply chain performance and comparative advantages, so that management will be able to pursue better supply chain strategies applicable directly to their business environment. Nevertheless, the study results provide the organization with innovative insights for, controlling adoption and implementation supply chain drivers in the firms.
Innovation-Driven Business Case of Hanuman Vitamin
Authors: Bidyarthi H. M. Jha , Mishra S. M. , Dande M. A. , Kuchar P. M. , Shrivastava A. K.
Published: November 2019

The proverbial saying – “to have mango at the coronel’s price” - fits exactly true in case of Hanuman Vitamin Foods Ltd., Khamgaon, a Public company established in the year 1966 which produced oil cake from the stone of the mango. This uniquely innovated venture went on to add production of Sal Seed oil, Kokum oil, Dhupa Seed oil, Illepe Nuts (from Indonesia) oil and Shea Nuts (from West African countries) oil through ultra modern plants/process manufacturing De Oiled Cake (DOC) and Cocoa Butter Equivalence (CBE) and exported them to Japan, Italy, Switzerland and all European countries except US. The company became number one Indian manufacturer and exporter of these products and grew in scale and expanded by setting up a new plant at Raipur in the State of Chattisgarh. However, in 2002 – 2003, Hanuman Vitamin Foods Ltd. had to apply to the then Board of Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) – now National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) - for being declared as sick unit and for obtaining government assistance under insolvency and bankruptcy code for its revival. And it finally stopped production in the year 2008 after which the financer banks took the possession of the company through Asset Management Company. The steep rise and fall of Hanuman Vitamin unfolds a host of significant management lessons in innovation and entrepreneurship.
A Study of Job Satisfaction of Academicians
Authors: Swadia Bhavik U , Patel Jaimin
Published: November 2019

Every management face challenges daily, but there are some challenges which are customary to every management. One from such common problems confronted by the management while managing employees (teachers) include - Job satisfaction & Employee Loyalty. The invaluable resource that any institute possesses is its work force; indeed, an employee’s longer work experience at the same corporate enhances his worth. The primary qualities a teacher possesses include being introspective, being cooperative, being directive and being expressive. A syllabus which is effective and a curriculum that is well planned is only fruitful with availability of teachers who are meticulous in their duties. Knowledge alone cannot be the basis for gauging the ability of a teacher. There are other factors too like whether the teacher is comfortable in handling the profession that impacts the effectiveness of the system. With many research works having taken place in this zone with multiple organizations, what we lack is a distinct research on satisfaction at job which needs to be taken up.Hence, we conducted a research where we took a sample size containing 50 teachers and performed the survey on the premise of systematic sampling. The method followed in the process of acquiring and assembly of data was structured questionnaire method.
In the Name of the Working Class: Narratives of Labour Activism in Contemporary ChinaHolland Prize Winner
Authors: Franceschini Ivan , Sorace Christian
Published: November 2019

Since their appearance in the mid-1990s, Chinese labour NGOs have mostly focused on disseminating labour law and guiding labour disputes through official channels. In so doing, they have assisted the Chinese Communist Party in achieving its paramount goal of maintaining social stability.
In line with this approach, activists in these organizations have traditionally framed their work in terms of "public interest" or "legality," both of which resonate with the hegemonic discourses of the Party-state. However, earlier this decade a minority of Chinese labour activists began
to employ some new counterhegemonic narratives centred on the experience of the labour movement and the practice of collective bargaining that attempted to recode the proletarian experience outside of its official representation. In this paper we analyze this discursive shift through the voices
of the activists involved, and argue that the rise of these new counterhegemonic voices was one of the reasons that led to the Party-state cracking down on labour NGOs.
Assumptions and Distortions: Dore on Equality in Japanese Schooling
Authors: White Merry
Published: November 2019

Ronald Dore's work on education in Japan centred on themes of selection and equality. In his work on Tokugawa education, Dore presaged some of the emphasis he gave in his later work on quality and social and moral content in modern education. The argument of The Diploma Disease
concerned the "late development effect" as a tool in understanding the emphasis on qualification and selection that led to Japan's postwar examination hypertrophy, and in understanding the distortions and inequities that ensued. "Late ascription"—tracking and determining one's life chances
with a single examination—was one such distortion, narrowing the gate to educational and occupational success, belying the notion that Japan demonstrates a pure "meritocracy."
Development, Discernment, and Death: Dore on the South Korean Economy
Authors: Lynn Hyung-Gu
Published: November 2019

Ronald Dore's 1977 article in Pacific Affairs, "South Korean Development in Wider Perspective," is a rare example of the scholar known for his writings on Japan applying his analytical lens on South Korea. What were some of this article's most notable areas of foresight and elision
related to development studies? This essay answers this question by interpreting connections to publications before and after 1977 to analyze areas of insight under the rubric of "discernment" and overlooked subjects under "death." On one hand, Dore's essay was ahead of the curve in its deft
foreshadowing of post-developmentalist, varieties of capitalism, and developmental state approaches to economic development. On the other, Dore sidestepped the effects of death on economic development in three forms: literal— effects of changing mortality rates on investments in education
and human capital; industries related to death—wars, munitions production and arms expenditures; and the aftereffects of the death of a scholar—the revisiting and renewal of debates that can sometimes emerge as a result.
Credit Risk Calculation: An Application in the Brazilian Market Using the CreditRisk+ Model with Uncertainties
Authors: Sanfins Marco Aurélio , Rodrigues Beatriz Jardim Pina , Rodrigues dos Santos Daiane , Lourenço Raphael Oliveira
Published: November 2019

Due to an increasing economic instability worldwide, financial institutions are demanding more robust and powerful methodologies of credit risk modeling in order to ensure their financial health. The statistical model CreditRisk+, developed by Credit Suisse Financial Products (CSFP), is widely spread in the insurance market since it is not necessary to make assumptions. This is because the model is based on the default risk, that is, non-payment risk. The main goal of the above-mentioned model is to measure expected and non-expected losses in a credit portfolio. In order to measure default events, the model suggests grouping the debtors in exposure ranges so that the loss distribution can be approached to a Poisson. In the basic model, the default rates are fixed. To portray reality, we propose a new modeling in which the uncertainties and volatilities of default rates are incorporated. In this case, a new model which assumes a Gamma distribution in association with these uncertainties is defined. From the obtained distribution, not only is it possible to calculate the credit VaR (Value-at-Risk) but also the loss distribution and some point estimates, such as the expected loss in a certain period of time and the economic capital allocation. The main goal of this article is the CreditRisk+ model application with uncertainties in a segment of Brazilian industry. The economic capital allocation, that is, the difference between VaR and the expected deprival value is always higher, depending on the proposed modeling (with the incorporation of uncertainties, volatilities and the default rates). Our result is important, since financial institutions can be underestimating their losses in stressful moments.
Comparative effects of burst mode alternating current and resisted exercise on physical function, pain intensity and quadriceps strength among patients with primary knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Omole John O. , Egwu Michael O. , Mbada Chidozie E. , Awotidebe Taofeek O. , Onigbinde Ayodele T.
Published: November 2019

Background and objective: The benefi cial effect of Resisted Exercise (RE) in Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) rehabilitation is often hamstrung by the presence of other comorbidities affecting exercise implementation, hence the need for comparative alternative therapies. This study compared the effect of Burst Mode Alternating Current (BMAC) and RE in the management of patients with knee OA. Methods: Forty-seven consenting patients with primary knee OA participated in this study. The participants were recruited from the outpatient physiotherapy department of a Nigerian teaching hospital. The participants were randomly assigned into either RE plus BMAC (RBMAC) or RE Only (REO) groups. The effects of intervention were assessed in terms of physical function, pain intensity and quadriceps strength at the 4th and 8th week of intervention. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data at p<0.05 alpha level. Result: RBMAC and REO led to signifi cant mean changes in physical function (RBMAC – p=0.001: REO – p=0.001), pain intensity (RBMAC − p=0.001: REO – p=0.001), and muscle strength (RBMAC − p=0.001: REO – p=0.001) scores. However, there was no signifi cant difference in the mean change in physical function, pain intensity or muscle strength scores between RE plus BMAC and RE only groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, resisted exercise alone had signifi cant effects on physical function, pain intensity and quadriceps strength in patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, burst mode alternating current did not show additional effects.
Sejm i Senat wobec wyzwań Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Grądzka Ilona
Published: November 2019

The article’s goal is to present the consequences of Polish membership in the European Union (EU) for the functioning of the Polish Sejm and Senate at the national and international level. Polish accession to the European Union resulted in changes to the scope of competences of certain organs of the Republic of Poland. This was related to the transfer of specific state competences to an international organization and it applied, in particular, to the Polish Parliament (the Sejm and Senate) which has lost its primary role as legislator of laws applicable in Poland. In order to avoid the marginalization of national parliaments in the EU decision-making process, appropriate legal measures have been introduced at the national and international level. Additionally, after the Treaty of Lisbon entered into force, national parliaments have received new competences which allowed them to exist on the forum of the European Union. The article puts forward the thesis that the Polish Sejm and Senate have lost their position as main legislative bodies at the national level but, at the same time, they have acquired a new European function which can neither be qualified as traditionally understood legislative nor controlling functions.
Frakcje parlamentarne Rady Najwyższej Ukrainy
Authors: Olechno Artur
Published: November 2019

The article is dedicated to the subject of the parliamentary faction in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. The author describes the form of organization of members of the Ukrainian parliament, the history of the regulation, the political goals of the amendments and the parliamentary practice. The article tries to point a regulation which mark the Ukraine out in the other states: such as constitutional level of the provisions alongside parliaments’ internal rules of procedure, criterion for formation of associations of members of parliaments, the principle of autonomy, the essence of party discipline and a specific solution intended to reduce the problem of members of fractions leaving them during the term of the parliament.
Kontrola parlamentarna w Republice Uzbekistanu
Authors: Pogłódek Andrzej
Published: November 2019

This work focuses on the parliamentary control in Uzbekistan. Currently, besides the Constitution of Uzbekistan, the issue of parliamentary control is subject to the Act from 11 April 2016 „on parliamentary control” and other legislative acts, in particular relating to the constitutional position of Oliy Majlis. The law provides for various mechanisms of control over the executive power (e.g. vote for budget approval, parliamentary inquiry, parliamentary investigation, presenting information about their business by the executive power). Currently, the most important challenge related to the development of parliamentary control in Uzbekistan is further democratisation of the political regime, increasing political pluralism.
Legal aspects of protection of the financial interests of the European Union
Authors: Miedzińska Marta
Published: November 2019

The foundations and the operating framework of the institutions of the European Union and its Member States are determined by legal acts established at the EU level. The legal bases at the EU level contain key standards in the scope of protection of the financial interests of the European Union and are the main determinants for the individual EU countries when their legal institutions create legal bases at the national level. The aim of this article is to present the main legal basis for the protection of the financial interests of the European Union at the EU level, which will help to examine the impact of these provisions on detecting irregularities and fraud in the EU.
FORECASTING THE WEARING OF PLOUGHSHARES PARTS UNDER OPERATING CONDITIONS
Authors: LEMECHA Magdalena , NAPIÓRKOWSKI Jerzy , LIGIER Krzysztof
Published: November 2019

This study presents an analysis of the process of wear of ploughshares subjected to different types of technological processing. The experiment was conducted under real-life operational conditions. Tests were performed on operating parts made of three types of steel and of steel enhanced by pad welding. Changes in the geometrical dimensions of an operating part that were implemented into the Holm-Archard model to verify its suitability by determining the wear of materials used under abrasive conditions were adopted as a measure of wear.
TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A RUBBER SEAL UNDER OPERATION WITH OIL CONTAINING MoS2 NANOPARTICLES
Authors: SZCZYPIŃSKI-SALA Wojciech , TOMALA Agnieszka , LUBAS Janusz
Published: November 2019

The issues associated with sealing operation are of vital significance due to their function in mechanics. The most universal, simple, and cheap solution of seals are O-rings. They are most commonly used for all seals. The article evaluates the operation characteristics of an O-ring seals under operation with oils containing MoS2 nanoparticles. The measurements were made on the sealing node model in a hydraulic cylinder where the round cross section seal cooperated with the piston rod. The changes of the friction force during rod movement resulting from the friction between the seal and the rod were analysed. The investigations presented in this paper allow one to conclude that, for the assumed research conditions, the average values of the friction force during instroke are higher for PAO oil with MoS2 additive in comparison to pure PAO base oil. In addition, the boundary velocity of the rod above in which the decrease of friction force was observed is higher for pure PAO oil.
Wer vertritt die Armut von Frauen?
Authors: Wilke Yvonne
Published: November 2019

Wohlfahrtsverbände in Deutschland sind multifunktionale Organisationen, die sozialpolitische Lobbyarbeit und die sozialanwaltschaftliche Vertretung schwacher Interessen zum Ziel haben (Strünck 2018). Armut ist dabei ein zentrales Thema, zu dem sich alle Wohlfahrtsverbände regelmäßig mit ihrer fachlichen Expertise positionieren. Dabei wird auf die Armut von Frauen nur am Rande eingegangen. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage, inwiefern die Wohlfahrtsverbände ihrem Anspruch gerecht werden, sich anwaltschaftlich für benachteiligte Menschen in unserer Gesellschaft einzusetzen.
Die Pflegeversicherung wird 25 Jahre alt – Zeit für eine solidarische Neuausrichtung!
Authors: Schmidt Lisa Marcella , Mittag Thorsten
Published: November 2019

Die Pflegeversicherung sollte die pflegebedingten Kosten decken und die Bundesländer sollten im Gegenzug zur Entlastung bei der Sozialhilfe in die Finanzierung der Investitionskosten einsteigen. Davon sind wir fast 25 Jahre nach der Einführung weit entfernt.
Social Situational Business Ethics Framing for Engaging with Ethics Issues
Authors: Giorgi Simona , Nielsen Richard P. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2019

This article considers the problem of how employees and observers of business ethics behaviors often do not know how to safely and effectively engage with business ethics issues and cases. The ameliorative method of social situational business ethics framing was analyzed. Key parts of the related literature from philosophy, sociology, organizational studies, and business ethics are reviewed. A literature gap between general framing theory and business ethics was identified with respect to the need for social situational framing in business ethics at the micro individual, meso organizational, and macro institutional levels. Theoretical propositions for bridging the literature gap and a wide variety of business ethics engagement case examples are developed as illustrations of and support for the propositions. Practical social situational business ethics framing implications for safe and effective business ethics engagement are considered.
Análise do perfil da autorregulação da aprendizagem de alunos de pedagogia EaD
Authors: Gomes Fernandes Juliana , Batistella Bianchini Luciane Guimarães , Alliprandini Paula Mariza Zedu
Published: November 2019

A Educação a Distância (EaD) é uma modalidade de ensino que exige maior responsabilidade e comprometimento por parte do aluno, que necessita ter grande autonomia sobre seu processo de aprendizagem. Tais aspectos suscitam reflexões e questionamentos acerca do perfil do aluno matriculado na EaD e, portanto, a presente pesquisa analisou o perfil de aprendizagem autorregulada dos alunos matriculados em um curso de Pedagogia a distância de uma universidade privada. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa. Participaram da pesquisa 1.434 alunos, que responderam a escala Questionário de Aprendizagem Autorregulada Online desenvolvida por Barnard-Brak, Lan e Paton (2010). Os participantes apresentaram um perfil alto de autorregulação, nos fatores estabelecimento de metas e estruturação do ambiente, e moderado nos fatores estratégias para as tarefas, gerenciamento do tempo, procura por ajuda e autoavaliação. Quanto maior a faixa etária mais autorregulado se apresentou o aluno. Pretende-se dessa forma auxiliar o corpo docente e os tutores do curso pesquisado a reconhecerem o perfil dos seus alunos nos aspectos relacionados à autorregulação da aprendizagem, podendo dessa maneira orientá-los em qual direção seguir para melhoria de sua prática pedagógica, bem como contribuir para uma melhor articulação dos projetos pedagógicos aos processos educacionais de aprendizagem no contexto de cursos a distância.
Estudiantes universitarios descubren redes sociales y edublog como medio de aprendizaje
Authors: González Hernando Carolina , Valdivieso-León Lorena , Velasco González Verónica
Published: November 2019

Entre los desafíos considerados fáciles de abordar según the NMC Horizon Report 2018, están la alfabetización digital y la combinación del aprendizaje formal e informal. Los universitarios pertenecen en su mayoría a las generaciones Millennials y Z, y se les presupone mayor capacidad de autoaprendizaje desde internet. Se pretende identificar el perfil de uso de internet de los estudiantes de enfermería nativos digitales y grado de satisfacción que genera la utilización de un blog educativo. Se administró un cuestionario anónimo y voluntario a estudiantes de 1º y 2ºcurso del Grado en Enfermería de la Universidad de Valladolid durante el curso académico 2017-18. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Participaron el 91,6% (n=225) de los estudiantes matriculados. El 74,7% no conocía LinkedIn. Google+ fue la herramienta de mayor uso académico, seguida de Twitter. Más de un 80% tenía conocimiento de nivel medio de Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram y Moodle. Destaca el conocimiento avanzado que poseen de Instagram. Un 48% tenían conocimientos nulos o bajos sobre el uso de blogs. La satisfacción ante la utilización de Edublog Enfermería obtuvo una puntuación global de 8,04 (±1,37) sobre 10. Los estudiantes utilizan las redes sociales como medio de comunicación y no con fines académicos. Los escasos conocimientos sobre el uso de los blogs y la elevada satisfacción que reportó su uso, indica la necesidad de reforzar estas herramientas. Los blogs y redes sociales pueden ser útiles para dotar de competencias digitales a los estudiantes de enfermería logrando un aprendizaje continuo y actualizado.
Effect of season and parity on water buffalo calving distribution throughout the year in Venezuela
Authors: Nava-Trujillo Héctor , Valeris-Chacin Robert , Hernandez Javier , Duran Nuñez Mariano , Morgado-Osorio Adriana , Caamaño Janeth , Quintero-Moreno Armando
Published: November 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of season and parity on water buffalo calving distribution throughout the year in Venezuela. A retrospective study analyzing records of 3,192 crossbred (Murrah/Mediterranean) buffaloes including 7,790 calvings was carried out in Venezuela. Two seasons were evaluated according to the length of the photoperiod: September-February (short photoperiod; autumn-winter) and March-August (long photoperiod; spring-summer). Parity order was categorized in parity 1, parity 2, parity 3, and parity 4. Photoperiod was shorter between September and February in comparison with March-August (11.81 ± 0.08 h/day and 12.42±0.08 h/day, respectively, p < 0.05). Percentage of calving varied between the two seasons (p < 0.05), and 63.7% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 62.5%-64.9%) of calving occurred during the season of short photoperiod in comparison with that of the season of long photoperiod (36.3%, 95% CI: 35.1%-37.5%), and this effect was observed in all parities. The proportion of calvings during the short photoperiod season was greater as parity increased. The percentage of calving during the short photoperiod season was lower in primiparous water buffalo cows in comparison with that of multiparous water buffalo cows; conversely, the percentage of calving during the long photoperiod season was higher in primiparous water buffalo cows in comparison with that of multiparous water buffalo cows. Eight percent of water buffalo cows having their first calving in the long photoperiod season had the next calvings during this season. In conclusion, results confirm the seasonal reproductive behavior of water buffaloes with a concentration of calvings during the months with short photoperiod; this seasonality becomes stronger as parity increases; even though a small percentage of water buffalo cows has the ability of calving constantly during long photoperiod.