bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution et enrichissement des éléments traces métalliques dans les sédiments du fleuve Niger, Niger
Authors: Souley Adamou Hassane , Alhou Bassirou , Tackx Michèle , Probst Jean Luc , Azemar Frédéric
Published: March 2023

La présente étude s’est déroulée le long du fleuve Niger qui traverse le pays sur 550 km. Il traverse la ville de Niamey et sert de récepteur de ses eaux usées. Pour caractériser la signature géochimique des éléments traces des sédiments et déterminer les impacts potentiels de l’agglomération et des activités anthropiques sur le fleuve, des sédiments ont été échantillonnés et analysés. Huit sites ont été échantillonnés d'amont en aval pendant les basses eaux pour évaluer les variations spatiales de la signature géochimique. Les résultats obtenus ont permis de caractériser chaque échantillon par son schéma de distribution géochimique d’éléments traces (ET). La concentration moyenne en ET dans les fractions les plus fines (< 63 μm) est classée de la teneur la plus élevée à la plus faible : Cd > Cr > As > Ni > Pb > Co > Zn. Le degré de contamination des sédiments est évalué en calculant les facteurs d'enrichissement (FE) et l’indice géo-accumulation (Igéo). Globalement, 70% des ET ont un FE inférieur à 2 (Cr, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, Pb, Cu). Cependant, 30% des échantillons sont plus contaminés avec 2 < FE < 10 (Cd, As, Sn, Th et U) d'un point d'échantillonnage à un autre. Les valeurs des facteurs FE et Igéo obtenues par station indique une faible à forte pollution du fleuve.

This study was carried out on the River Niger which flows along 550 km of the country. The river passes through the city of Niamey and serves as a receptor of all wastewater of this city. To characterize the geochemical signature in terms of trace elements of the sediments and to determine the potential impacts of the agglomeration and the anthropic activities of the city on the River, sediments were sampled and analyzed. Eight sites were sampled from upstream to downstream during the low-water period to evaluate the spatial variations of the geochemical signature. The results obtained allowed the characterization of each sediment sample by its geochemical trace element (TE) distribution pattern. The average concentration of TE in the finest fractions (<63 μm) is ranked from highest to lowest: Cd > Cr > As > Ni > Pb > Co > Zn. The degree of contamination in the sediments is evaluated by calculating sediment quality parameters such as enrichment factors (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igéo). Generally, 70% of the ET have an EF below 2 (Cr, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, Pb, Cu). However, 30% of the samples are more contaminated 2 < FE < 10 (Cd, As, Sn, Th and U) from one sampling point to another. The enrichissement factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (GAI) values for each station indicate low to high pollution of the river.
Pratiques culturales et caractérisation physicochimique des sols sous maraîchage à Brazzaville (Congo)
Authors: Mouhamed Salisou Yallo , Watha-Ndoudy Noël , Goma Irène Marie Cécile , Mboukou-Kimbatsa  , Mbou  Malonga Meland Dorval , Nzila Jean de Dieu , Ekomono Chrissy Garel Makouanzi , Mareshal Louis , Kimpouni Victor , Loumeto Jean Joël
Published: March 2023

Le maraîchage urbain joue un rôle très important dans la sécurité alimentaire et la résorption du chômage. Cependant, l’intensification des pratiques culturales peuvent altérer les propriétés physicochimiques des sols et réduire les rendements. La présente étude avait pour but de caractériser les pratiques culturales maraîchères à Brazzaville et de déterminer leur influence sur les propriétés physicochimiques des sols. Dans les sites retenus, des enquêtes structurées ont été menées auprès des maraîchers et des échantillons de sol ont été prélevés suivant des transects. Les analyses physiques et chimiques des sols ont été réalisées suivant les procédures courantes de laboratoire. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que les pratiques culturales dans les sites étudiés sont intensives. Les sols étudiés sont sableux à plus de 95%, acides, pauvres en matière organique et ont une CEC relativement faibles. Cependant on relève une sursaturation en bases échangeables sur l’ensemble des sites. Ainsi, cette sursaturation serait liée à l’intensification des pratiques culturales.

Urban market gardening plays a very important role in food security and the reduction of unemployment. However, intensification of soil use can alter soil properties and reduce yields. This study aims to characterize vegetable farming practices in Brazzaville and to determine their influence on soil properties. In the selected sites, structured questionnaire was conducted among market gardeners and soil samples were taken following transects. Soil physical and chemical analyses were carried out following lab common procedures. The results showed that the cultivation practices in the sites studied are intensive. The soils studied are more than 95% sandy, acidic, low in organic matter and have a relatively low CEC. However, there is an oversaturation in exchangeable bases on all sites. Thus, this oversaturation would be linked to the intensification of cultural practices.
Effets de différentes modalités de trempage de semences sur le rendement du maïs dans l’agriculture de décrue à Yélimané en zone sahélienne du Mali
Authors: Samake Oumar , Traore Kalifa , Bengaly Aboubakar , Yens Aune , Traore Bouya , Cisse Fotigui
Published: March 2023

En agriculture de décrue, l’alimentation hydrique des plantes est assurée par l’humidité résiduelle du sol. Cette étude avait pour but d’améliorer la productivité du maïs en vue de contribuer à l’atteinte de la sécurité alimentaire. Un essai factoriel (modalités de trempage X fertilisation) a été mis en place dans un dispositif en split plot. Les parcelles principales étaient constituées par quatre modalités de trempages (trempage à l’eau, trempage à l’eau fertilisée en NPK, trempage double enrobage NPK +PNT (Phosphate Naturel de Tilemsi), et le témoin absolu). Les parcelles secondaires étaient composées de trois niveaux de fertilisation (0 g/poquet d’engrais, 2,5 g/poquet d’engrais NPK et 5 g/poquet d’engrais NPK). Le gain en rendement grain était de 90% pour le trempage à l’eau, 145% pour celui à l’eau fertilisée et de 202% concernant le trempage à double enrobage comparativement au témoin. L’augmentation du rendement tiges était respectivement de 81%, 126% et 137% pour le trempage à l’eau simple, à l’eau fertilisée et avec le double enrobage. Ces augmentations en grain ont été valorisées par l’effet d’apport d’engrais avec respectivement +87% et +57% pour la dose 5 g/poquet d’engrais NPK et 2,5 g/poquet d’engrais NPK. Ces technologies éprouvées doivent être proposées aux producteurs.

In floodplain agriculture, the plants are supplied with water from residual soil moisture. The aim of this study was to improve maize yields in a sustainable manner in order to contribute to food security. A factorial trial (priming modalities X fertilization) was set up in a split plot design. The main plots were constituted by four seed priming modalities (priming with single water, priming with NPK dissolved in water, double coated with NPK +PNT (Phosphate Naturel de Tilemsi) and the control priming) and secondary plots by three levels of micro-dose fertilization (0 g/hill of fertilizer, 2.5 g/hill of NPK fertilizer and 5 g/hill of NPK fertilizer). Grain yield gain was about 90% for the single priming with water, 145% for the priming using fertilized water and 202% for the double-coated compared to the control. The increase in straw yield was 81%, 126% and 137% for the single priming with water, priming with fertilized water and double coating, respectively. These increases in grain yield were enhanced by the effect of fertilizer application leading to +87% for the treatment with 5 g/hill of NPK and +57% for the one with 2.5 g/hill of NPK. These proven technologies should be offered to producers.
Utilization of Soldier Termite (Macrotermes bellicosus) in Fish Feed Production in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Thomas C. N. , Bubu-Davies O. A. , Otayoor R. A.
Published: March 2023

Fishmeal is the conventional source of protein in fish feed but is very expensive thus alternate sources of protein with similar quality to fishmeal are advocated. Soldier termite (Macrotermes bellicosus) was used to totally replace fish meal and combined with other ingredients to form a novel feed called “Termite Meal” (TM) and compared with Conventional Meal (CM) to feed eighteen (18) juvenile Clarias gariepinus (26.33g; 7.76cm) in culture tanks. A total of thirty-six (36) C. gariepinus juveniles were used for the two trial feeds. Proximate composition of the TM and CF showed that TM was significantly (p<0.05) higher than CF in crude protein (49.7%; 43.5%), ash content (11.5%; 8.39%), crude fiber (6.0%; 4.5%) and total energy (3086.0 kcal/kg; 2646.5 kcal/kg). The CF was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the TM in crude lipid (6.6%; 5.9%) and carbohydrate (0.6%; 0.3%) respectively. Juvenile C. gariepinus fed TM recorded significant (p<0.05) final weight, weight gain, final length, length gain, specific growth rate, relative growth rate, feed and protein efficiency ratios but insignificant feed conversion ratio, condition factor, and survival rate throughout the feeding trials (3rd, 6th and 9th weeks). TM proved to be a good fish feed based on the recorded significant values of final weight, weight gain, final length, length gain, specific growth rate, relative growth rate, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio. The study, therefore, suggests the total replacement of fishmeal with termite meal in fish feed production.
Comparartive Analysis of Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings Reared in Pond and Cage Systems in Umuagwo, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Onwuka C. .N. , Osuagwu L. E. , Igboachu L. O.
Published: March 2023

A study was conducted to compare performance of Clarias gariepinus reared in bamboo cage and concrete pond systems. The cage system measured 2.5m by 2.5m x 2m while the pond system measured 10m x 10m x 15m in length, width and depth respectively. The experiment was conducted between March and August 2019. The cage system composed of a predator barrier net constructed with galvanized angle rod and ½ copper wire mesh. Fish net was made up of ½ netting materials (210 D/9), nylon twine (210 D/9 and 210 D/8) and ropes (10mm PE and 4mm PE, as house in which the fish fingerlings were stocked. The stocked fish were held captive in the fish net cage while water flowed through it. This was assigned Treatment 1 (T1) while the concrete system was assigned Treatment 2 (T2). Each of the treatments was stocked with 1,500 Clarias fingerlings of 10g average weight and managed simultaneously for a period of 184 days. Data were analysed using analysis of variance. Results showed 83.3% and 96.6% survival rates in cage and pond systems respectively. Average weight at harvest per fish ranged between 332.6g and 415.7g for cage system and 250.6g and 350.8g for pond system. The survival rate in cage culture (83.3%) was low due to high water current, as cage was floated, hence fingerlings could not maximize feed intake at the initial stage. Results of weight frequency showed varying degrees of importance. For the cage culture the percentage weights varied between 12% in the group belonging to 251 – 300g in size having 150 number of fish to 21.6% in the group of 401 – 451g size with 270 fish specimen while in pond culture it varied between 3.45% in 401 – 451g size with 50 fish to 41.38% in 201 – 250g size having 600 fish samples. Inference from these results indicated that cage system had bigger fish at harvest than the pond system. From the results, the cage fish culture is more profitable in terms of weight and biomass. However, adequate care should be taken to ensure maximum utilization of feed in cage culture system.
Utilization of Natural Honey on Wound Healing in African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Siluriformes: Clariidae)
Authors: Edeh I. C. , Nsofor C. I. , Nnabufe D. C. , Ikechukwu C. C. , Uzonna B. U. , Umeaniebue A. C.
Published: March 2023

In Nigeria, the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus is one of the most widely cultivated fish species. It can be injured by cannibalism, high stocking density, or other means. If these injuries are not treated properly, the wounds could operate as a precursor to additional pathogen infection, causing stress, health problems, and loss of fish stocks. As a result, the ability of honey to cure wounds in African catfish was explored. Honey was added to a 40% crude protein meal at different inclusion levels of 0.0, 100, 150 and 200ml/kg diet. The lateral area (1 cm) of the fish model was lacerated after which the fish were fed varied quantities of honey-infused diets for 14 days. During this time weight gain and wound healing rate of the fish were monitored and measured. Results showed that fish fed diet containing 200ml/kg honey gained the most body weight (9.7g+3.60), while those fed the 0ml/kg honey diet recorded the least weight (5.1g+6.11). Fish fed low honey levels (0.00 and 100.00 ml/kg diet) required longer time to recover from their wounds completely, but those on a 200ml/kg honey diet recovered completely within the 14-day experimental period. From the results of this research, it is suggested that honey be included in fish diet at the rate of 200ml/kg of diet to accelerate wound healing and invariably boost fish recovery after injuries.
Biodiversity and Abundance of Fish Species in Ekpene Ukpa River, A Tributary of Qua Iboe River Estuary, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Akpan I. I. , Essien-Ibok M. A. , Abiaobo N. O. , Udosen I. E. , Asuquo I. E. , Udoinyang E. P. , George I. E.
Published: March 2023

The diversity and abundance of fish species in Ekpene Ukpa River were studied from July - October, 2020. Sampling was by direct observation of the fish species at the sampling sites following landing by fishermen. Frequency, counts, and percentages were employed to determine fish species composition and abundance, while a Microsoft Excel 2003 based program was used to determine the ecological indices. A total of 14 species belonging to seven (7) families were recorded. The family, Clarotidae had the highest relative abundance (38.1%) with the least value (2.38%) observed in the family Alestidae. The index of preponderance ranged from 0.0004 in Pellonula leonensis and Trachinotus teraria to 0.100 in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus. The most abundant grouping of fish species was Chrysichthys igrodigitatus with 25.0% and the least in abundance were Pellonula leonensis and Trachinotus teraia with 1.19% each. The index of preponderance (IP) value of 0.10 was recorded for Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus which marked this species very significant in the study site. The study revealed that species richness and diversity were high in the month of October. Inference from the results clearly indicated that fish species were much diversified in all sampling months, and this is of great significance to the biodiversity of the study area. However, an inclusive management approach is recommended, such as educational awareness, involving of the local contents, and comprehensive rational planning on the management and development of the study site.
Editorial
Authors: Nnaji Chidozie Charles
Published: March 2023

No Abstract.
Matlab-based simulations of a three-phase induction motor for dynamic studies
Authors: Yaabari N. , Okoro O. I. , Akpama E. J.
Published: March 2023

The aim of this paper is to develop a generalized MATLAB program to study the dynamic behavior of a three-phase induction motor. The d-q axis transformation theory is applied in rotor reference frame to study the motor dynamics. A general-purpose MATLAB program is developed and used for the dynamic simulation of a 5HP, 460V, 60Hz, 4-poles induction motor. The developed program is used to study the effect of variation of Stator Resistance (Rs), Moment of Inertia (J), and Load Torque (TL) at t=0.7sec during transient state. The results obtained show that, the torque-speed characteristic curve and mechanical rotor speed-time characteristics of induction motor depend upon the rotor resistance and the moment of inertia. Also, during the simulation of the motor under loaded torque at t=0.7sec, the results showed an increase in the initial starting torque and it reduces from 2000Nm – 0Nm as the operating time progressed. A sudden residual increase occurred in the torque from 0-1000Nm at the loaded time t=0.7sec, and the mechanical rotor speed increased at starting time from 0-1800rpm with respect to operating time and suddenly experienced a drop from 1800rpm to about 1700rpm at the loaded time of t=0.7 sec. The developed program is particularly useful for machine designers in the manufacture of various types of induction machines.
Detection of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Akinwumi A. O. , Akingbesote A. O. , Ajayi O. O. , Aranuwa F. O.
Published: March 2023

The rapid evolution of the Internet has brought tremendous benefits to the world at large. To effectively leverage on the importance of the internet, there is the need for a secured and reliable network. But currently, there are lots of network attacks against network infrastructures. One of such attack is the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks which is an attempt by hackers to deny authorized users access internet service availability using many attack machines. In this paper, a Convolutional Neural Network based detection model is proposed to proffer solution to the challenges of DDoS attacks. The dataset for the modelling was sourced from the KDD Cup-99 Dataset. The evaluation of the experiment conducted was based on three standard metrics of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The experimental results showed that the developed model had an accuracy of 99.72%, specificity of 99.69% and sensitivity of 99.71%. Furthermore, the performance of the model was compared with other existing traditional learning models, the results indicated that the model presented in this work performed significantly better.
Burning characteristics of briquette produced from sawdust of Ficus exasperata and cassava peel using different binders
Authors: Ogunjobi K. M. , Chikwendu M. U. , Ogunfowodu A. T. , Adetogun A. C.
Published: March 2023

Energy used for domestic application is expensive and utilization of an alternative energy has become imperative. The study evaluated the combustion properties of briquettes produced from sawdust particles of Ficus exasperata and Cassava peel using different binders. Sawdust was mixed with the binders at a ratio (60 : 40) top bond, (40 : 60) starch and (60 : 40) cow dung, while the cassava peel mixed with the binders at a ratio (40:60) top bond, (60 : 40) starch and (40 : 60) cattle dung. This is followed by admixture of sawdust and cassava peel with the binders at ratio (25 : 25 : 50) top bond, (25 : 25 : 50) sawdust and (25 : 25 : 50) cattle dung, and substrate mixed with binders at ratio (20 : 20 : 20 : 20 : 20) respectively. Data analysis was carried out using a two-way analysis of variance. The proximate composition result reveals that the percentage ash content was significant at p<0.05. Results on binders revealed that heating value (HV) was highest at starch (32.48Mj/kg) and lowest in cattle dung (30.9Mj/kg) while result on substrate reveals highest HV at sawdust (32.79Mj/kg) and lowest in cassava peel (30.39) with significant higher % ash content (9.5). Therefore, this study reveals that briquette of admixture of sawdust and cassava peel bonded with starch had the best burning characteristics and could be maximized as alternative source to energy.
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease In Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: A 5-year Review
Authors: Lawal Q.O. , Owobu C.I. , Njoku A.I. , Arekhandia E.O. , Lawal I.K.
Published: March 2023

Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases (GTD) is a group of interrelated heterogeneous disease of trophoblastic tissue resulting from abnormal  fertilization, characterized by abnormal tissue proliferation. Characteristically, prognosis positively correlates with early diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: The objective was to determine the burden, clinical presentation, management and outcomesof GTD at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital,  Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria.

Methodology: A five-year descriptive (retrospective) study of histologically confirmed cases of st th GTD managed in ISTH between 1 July, 2016 and 30  June, 2021 was undertaken. Inclusion criteria: patient that were management at the study site, histology confirmation and availability of the case-file for  review. Women managed for other gynaecological disorders or those with suspected GTD but no histologic confirmation were excluded from the study.  Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0 and the results were presented in tables.

Results: There were 21 cases of GTD and 4703 deliveries with an incidence of 4.5 per 1000 deliveries. The mean age of participants was 32.9±7.5 years. Partial mole was the commonest histologic type (47.4%), choriocarcinoma (31.6%), complete mole (10.5%), invasive mole and placenta site trophoblastic  tumor-PSTT (5.3%) respectively. Abnormal vaginal bleeding was the commonest presenting symptom 89.5% (17/19); others were excessive vomiting  52.6% (10/19) and abdominal pain 36.8% (7/19 ). The treatment modalities included suction curettage (42.1%) , suction curettage and chemotherapy  (36.8%), total abdominal hysterectomy and cytotoxic chemotherapy only (15.8%).Serum Beta hCG returned to normal within 4 weeks for molar pregnancy  and an average of 6 months for choriocarinoma. Default rate from surveillance was 10/19 (52.6%) while two participants (10.5%) died as cases  of choriocarcinoma with advanced disease from late presentation.

Conclusion: Abnormal vaginal bleeding was the commonest presentation of GTD with high default and mortality rates. Therefore, efforts should be  geared towards education and awareness to improve early presentation, surveillance and prompt treatment.
Retinal and Choroidal Vasculature Before and After Patch Occlusion Treatment Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Patients with Amblyopia
Authors: Kim Jae-Gon , Lee Se Youp , Lee Dong Cheol
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to investigate structural differences in the retinal and choroidal blood vessels before and after patch occlusion treatment in patients with amblyopia using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to determine whether these differences are related to clinical improvement in patients. A total of 26 eyes of 17 patients with monocular or binocular amblyopia who underwent patch occlusion treatment for at least 1 month were retrospectively enrolled. The width of the foveal avascular zone, retinal blood vessel density, choroidal thickness, and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) measured by OCTA were compared before and after the treatment; the correlation with change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was analyzed for the data showing statistically significant differences. The mean BCVA of amblyopic eyes before and after patch occlusion treatment was 0.41 ± 0.23 and 0.25 ± 0.16 in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units, respectively. A decrease of about 2% in CVI was observed after the treatment (p = 0.011). The correlation between the changes in CVI and the changes in BCVA were insignificant (Rs = 0.086, p = 0.718). The results indicated that a decrease in CVI was observed after the patch occlusion treatment, but the relationship between CVI and BCVA could not be established. Patch occlusion treatment in amblyopia appears to affect the changes in the choroidal vessels and stroma.
Palivizumab immunization of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a day hospital
Authors: Kharitonova Nataliya A. , Basargina Milana A. , Davydova Irina V. , Zimina Elena P. , Mitish Mariya D. , Nesterovich Marina I. , Illarionova Mariya S. , Seliverstova Alina A. , Potekhina Tatyana V. , Bondar Valeriya A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. To date, Рalivizumab is the only approved monoclonal antibody preparation used to prevent the development of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. The aim of the work is to evaluate the benefits of immunization with Palivizumab in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a day hospital of the Federal Center.
Materials and methods. One hundred seven infants of different gestational age at birth were immunized with Palivizumab in the day patient department of hospital-replacing technologies. The preparation was administered to infants at risk for the formation of severe consequences of an RSV infection.
Results. Of the 107 children hospitalized in the day hospital, 74 premature babies were diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (69%). Before immunization all infants were consulted by pediatrician, pulmonologist, and if necessary, other specialists. Discussion. The length of stay of children in a day hospital ranged from 2 to 3.5 hours on average. Each child stayed with their parents in a separate room. During this time period, the patient received the full range of the services associated with immunization.
Conclusion. Thus, immunization with Palivizumab in a day hospital of the Federal Center allows implementing a comprehensive multidisciplinary and individual approach to each infant, without exposing him to an undesirable risk of infection, in compliance with the principle of staged nursing of premature infants for patients with a new form of bronchopulmonary dysplasia who need a long follow-up observation.
Georgy Nestorovich Speransky and Pediatrics of the XXI century
Authors: Fisenko Andrey P.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the founder of Russian neonatology, one of the initiators and active builders of the Soviet system of maternity and infancy care, the manager and head of the first domestic research institution in the field of pediatrics, George Nestorovich Speransky. There are consistently described stages of G.N. Speransky multifaceted activity on the management of the national system of maternity and infancy care, the creation of neonatology as a scientific discipline, the education and advanced training of pediatricians and neonato­logists, the introduction of a new system of specialized training of pediatricians at pediatric faculties, the activation of scientific societies of pediatricians. The ways of the further development of domestic pediatrics, new horizons in the creation and implementation of domestic and global pediatric projects aimed at improving the quality of life and timely comprehensive medical care for children are indicated.
Psychological readiness of parents of young children with atopic dermatitis to implement medical recommendations
Authors: Emelyashenkov Evgeniy E. , Sviridova Tatiana V. , Murashkin Nikolay N. , Makarova Svetlana G. , Egorenkova Olga S. , Ereshko Oksana A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The issues of increasing the effectiveness of the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in young children remain extremely relevant. At the same time, insufficient attention is paid to such a socially controlled factor in treatment as the readiness of parents to comply with the recommendations of specialists.
Materials and methods. In the course of an observational cross-sectional study, there was made an analysis of medical and social data and the results of a survey of forty eight parents of children under the age of 2 years 11 months who were hospitalized in the Department of Dermatology of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia with established severe AD. The author’s questionnaire «Attitude of parents of young AD children to recommendations», adapted by M. Rokich’s method «Value Orientations» was used.
Results. Despite the declared satisfactory adherence to treatment in more than 70% of cases parents of young AD children (94%) were established to experience one or a number of psychological problems that act as a subjective obstacle to the implementation of pediatrician’s prescriptions: lack of awareness or misinformation in regarding the treatment of the child, the lack of the habit of observing the principles of «healthy» nutrition, emotional and educational difficulties, the weak expression of the priority of «health» in the value system. According to the expert analysis of the answers of parents, a satisfactory readiness to comply with the recommendations was noted in only 11 (23%) cases, poor — in 37 (77%) cases.
Conclusion. To improve the effectiveness of treatment of children with severe AD, it is necessary to strengthen the motivation of parents to cooperate with specialists and increase their psychological readiness to follow the recommendations.
Modern aspects of Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Yakovleva Nataliya V. , Smirnova Galina I. , Korsunsky Anatoliy A.
Published: March 2023

A systematic review of current data on the structure and functions of Helicobacter pylori (Hp), pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Hp-infection is presented. The relevance of the topic of helicobacteriosis is due to the proven connection of this infection with chronic, widespread diseases of the digestive organs among the population. The review used materials from the databases including PubМed, Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, RSCI. A systematic review based on studies with a high degree of evidence has shown significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of Hp-infection in recent years in adults and children. Coordination of the scientific search for the regularities of the formation of Hp-associated forms of pathology, continuous improvement of diagnostic technologies and the search for new therapies, periodic well-organized international revisions of standard methods of Hp diagnosis and treatment contribute to the creation of effective methods of Hp eradication, preservation of the optimal composition of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract and prevention of antibiotic resistance. Of particular importance for the prevention of complications of Hp-infection are original diagnostic algorithms using specialized endoscopic and molecular technologies before and after Hp eradication with long-term follow-up and the determination of the leading factors correlating with a high risk of stomach cancer. The review indicates the emergence of potentially effective and promising areas for the diagnosis and treatment of Hp-infection, including genetic modification of the Hp genome to ensure its existence as a human symbiont and a significant reduction in its pathogenic properties. At the same time, sequencing of a new generation reveals mutations in Hp genes associated with its pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance, which contributes to the creation of new classes of drugs to increase the effectiveness of Hp eradication with a decrease in the proportion of antibiotics and an increase in pathogenetically significant inhibitors of its pathogenic factors for the prevention of side effects, a significant reduction in the empirical use of several antibiotics and increased compliance to treatment.
Atmosphere Comfort Level Detector Using Humidex
Authors: P Aiswariya , Krishnadas Anishma , J Anupama , Ashraf Aysha , V Remya
Published: March 2023

Human comfort level detection is always strenuous to assess every day and objectively. Atmospheric comfort level plays an indispensable role in reinforcing productivity in conjunction with convalescent health and safety. The human comfort zone points out a condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with its surrounding. An individual's comfort level depends on both temperature and humidity, at increased humidity the body's cooling system on the skin is considerably reduced. To determine temperature and humidity, we employ the DHT11 sensor, then the findings are handed out to Arduino thereafter both temperature and humidity is computed. Calculating humidex values from temperature and dew point data by combining the effects of heat and humidity, the humidex (short for humidity index) is a numerical indicator that indicates how hot it is on average for a certain person. According to the output received from Arduino (humidex), LED is made to blink (LEDs are preassigned according to humidex ranges). The trump card of the detector is that it is economical, and helps to get a better understanding of the degree of excessive heat on the human body and how uncomfortable the current condition is to an average person. This method makes it possible to more effectively communicate the dangers of excessive heat to the human body, transmit how warm it feels to the average person today, and maintain healthy living circumstances. However, this system is unable to show temperature and humidity readings.
Fournier’s Gangrene and Its Management-A Prospective Study
Authors: Jayalal JA
Published: March 2023

Background: Fournier’s gangrene is a fatal necrotizing fasciitis of the genitalia and perineum that can lead to infection of the area with various microbes, organ failure, or even death. This study is indented to determine the presence of systemic concomitant diseases, regional risk factors, metabolic problems, early diagnosis, barriers to treatment, and treatment outcomes in Kanyakumari district. Without an accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment, Fournier’s gangrene is a surgical emergency with a high mortality rate. A mortality rate of 15% to 50% has been reported for this polymicrobial necrotizing fasciitis of the vaginal, perianal and perineal regions

Aim and Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the age and sex incidence, demographic pattern, predisposing etiologic and risk factors, signs and symptoms, and net patient outcome, and to evaluate the optimal treatment modalities for Fournier’s gangrene.

Methods: This study is a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Kanyakumari Government Medical College from January 2021 to December 2022. A total of 50 cases of Fournier’s gangrene who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Demographic data such as age, sex, aetiology, risk factors, clinical features, signs and symptoms, site of infestation, microbial culture, bacterial flora, treatment method used, length of hospital stay, and mortality were examined.

Results: A total of 50 patients, 46 men and 4 women, were included in the study. Males outnumbered females in 92% of cases, with a ratio of 11.5:1. Females were found to have vulvar induration and abscess in the perineal or perianal area. In 31 patients (62%), the lesions were located in the scrotum, in 8 patients (16%) in the perineal area, in 6 patients (12%) in the penis, in 3 patients (6%) in the groin, and in 2 patients (4%) in the vulva. Eight individuals in the research group suffered complete scrotal loss. Presentation of symptoms to the hospital was late, averaging 6.8 days after onset. Patients who presented late to the hospital had much more severe morbidity and delayed recovery, requiring multiple debridement and a longer hospital stay.

Conclusion: This study suggests that if Fournier’s gangrene is diagnosed early and patients are hospitalized promptly with immediate debridement, metabolic control, and appropriate antibiotics, effective management with a positive outcome is possible. Because the scrotum is a very elastic skin, primary closure and wound healing are possible even after severe necrotic debridement. In patients who have major soft tissue defects after debridement, surgical reconstruction is required, reducing morbidity and hospitalization and allowing patients to return to their normal lives early. Strict metabolic control, proper hygiene, and early treatment are important tools to prevent this devastating disease.
Uso del ultrasonido en la evaluación del ayuno preoperatorio en cirugía de urgencia: Reporte de un caso
Authors: Adonay Dávila Gutiérrez Adán , Martínez Alfonso Trejo , Piña Alejandro Lira
Published: March 2023

Una de las principales preocupaciones en el manejo de la anestesia general es la presencia de aspiración pulmonar peri-operatoria, la cual es una entidad que se presenta en 1:350,000 casos; lo que estima una incidencia de 0.1-19% que llega a desencadenar distintas complicaciones pulmonares que puede representar una mortalidad superior al 9%. Las directrices en cuanto a la prevención de aspiración pulmonar peri-operatoria se centran en una serie de recomendaciones de ayuno preoperatorio. Perlas y cols. desarrollaron un método por el cual, a través de la identificación y medición del área transversal del antro gástrico por ultrasonido, se calcula por edad el volumen gástrico, así como se caracteriza su contenido en vació, liquido o sólido; para estadificar en estómago de bajo riesgo o en estómago de riesgo cuando el volumen por kilo supera los 1.5ml /kg del paciente o cuando independientemente del volumen se observa restos sólidos. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 62 años de edad quien cuenta con antecedentes de cardiopatía isquémica quien cuenta con uso de stent y medicación antiagregante plaquetaria, hipertensión arterial y alteraciones electrocardiográficas perioperatorias, así como ausencia de ayuno preoperatorio a quien se le diagnostica apendicitis aguda; se realiza evaluación del contenido gástrico preoperatorio con ultrasonido.
Vstříc vědecké metafyzice
Authors: Zámečník Lukáš H.
Published: March 2023

The review article reflects on Vladimír Havlík’s book Hierarchical Emergent Ontology and the Universal Principle of Emergence (Filosofia, 2021). It notes the key argumentative procedures and implications of the author’s arguments. It evaluates the various elements of hierarchical emergent ontology and compares them with classical proponents and critics of emergentism, especially Paul Humphreys and Jaegwon Kim. The study reconstructs Havlík’s universal principle of emergence and notes its application in selected scientific fields (fermions, cellular automata and neural networks). It takes a polemical approach to the advocated concept of scientific metaphysics.
Application Of The Profile Matching Method In The Selection Of Field Implementers (CV. AGRAPANA WIDJAYA)
Authors: Ramdhany Tri , Firmansyah Devie , Aryanggara Yanwar
Published: March 2023

The activity of selecting the right person to carry out a job within a company organization is not only to get superior quality resources, but it is also important for managers to get fluency in the work being done. The problem of selecting candidates for field implementation at CV. Agrapana Widjaya, that is, it is difficult to get candidates who match the candidate criteria desired by the company, the number of candidates to be selected with a limited deadline is often the manager's subjective assessment of each candidate. The solution to this problem is to create a web-based decision support system by applying the profile matching method approach which can later do gap weighting, grouping the main factors, supporting factors, and the final calculation of each candidate. So that this can be done by giving recommendations in the form of ranking results where every candidate who has great value is the candidate who has the greatest chance of getting the job. The results of this study are the project manager at CV. Agrapana Widjaya is expected to make it easier to carry out the assessment process and provide an overview of each candidate for decision-making.
Comparative study of biological and metabolic indicators in males and females Pseudocurimata boulengeri of lotic ecosystems
Authors: Méndez-Martínez Yuniel , Pallo-Molina Estefanía , Fernández-Escobar Angel , Vasco-Mora Diana
Published: March 2023

With the objective of evaluating different biological and metabolic indicators in males and females Pseudocurimata boulengeri in three ecosystems of Los Ríos, Ecuador, specimens were captured in the areas of Ventana, Quevedo and Buena Fe (60 per area, 180 total), and proceeded to perform the sexing. The following were determined: size, weight, thickness of the head, trunk and tail, as well as the size-weight relationship. Stomasomatic, gonadal, hepatosomatic, vicerosomatic indices and condition factor. Glucose, total protein, cholesterol and triglyceride were also evaluated. A 3×2 factorial arrangement was used. Regression analysis to establish the functional relationship between length and weight. For the morphometric indicators, differences between interactions were shown, although higher values were observed in females regardless of the locality, with a weight of 185 g, a length of 23.43 cm and head thickness that exceeded 6 cm. The biological indices reflected differences between the interactions, thus the hepatosomatic, gonadal, and vicerosomatic indexes were higher for females in the locality of Ventanas with 0.97, 12.76, and 20.04, respectively. For the metabolic indicators, differences were shown between the interactions with greater variability for sex. It was shown that for the morphometric indicators, sex did not prevail. The biological indices were influenced by sex, with superiority for females except the stomasomatic. While metabolic indicators showed variability with respect to areas and sex.
Postcolonial Psyche in English Novels from India and Africa
Authors: Haileab Isaias
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Postcolonial Themes in English Novels from India and Africa is a thematic analysis of four novels, two from India and two from Africa. The novels are: Anita Desai’s Cry the Peacock, Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children, Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, and Ngugi Wa Thiongo’s Matigari. They represent the vast postcolonial writing which has emanated from these two lands as a result of the disaffection that indigenous writers felt that colonialism had exacted on their people, culture and literature. The novels stand out in their treatment of the postcolonial themes of conflicts between the colonial and the local, the past and the present, the traditional and the modern, the communal and the individual aspects of the European colonial legacy in both India and Africa. A study in Postcolonial English novels from India and Africa is important as it may unfold the comparative experience of the effect of colonial period and the literary reaction by English language novelists from these two lands, which were subject to more or less similar colonial master.

Findings: The study reveals that all the four novels share in common the strong postcolonial theme which is at the crux of everything that follow. The story of the coming and going of the colonial powers in India and Africa had left their mark and it was not naturally compatible to the peoples of the populace in these two environments that were both colonized by the British.

Methodology: This article is based on a textual analysis of primary and secondary materials. The primary materials were obtained from the four selected English novels from India and Africa: Anita Desai’s Cry the Peacock, Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children, Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, and Ngugi Wa Thiongo’s Matigari. The secondary materials were obtained from various books and articles published on the novels and on the subject of discussion as well.
FEATURES OF HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION IN PLANTS OF THE ZONE OF INFLUENCE OF ENTERPRISES PROCESSING LEAD-CONTAINING WASTE
Authors: Mikhalchuk M. V. , Bryl A. A.
Published: March 2023

Information on the peculiarities of contaminant elements accumulation by cultivated and wild-growing plants in the zone of influence of Belinvesttorg-Splav LLC (Beloozersk), whose emissions into the air contain hazardous pollutants, including (heavy metals) HM, is presented. Analysis of the degree of elements accumulation by agricultural plants was carried out in comparison with subregional background values and permissible levels of veterinary and sanitary rules for ensuring the safety of feed, feed additives and raw materials for the production of mixed feed. As the main criterion for assessing the degree of contamination of HM leaves of wild plants, indicators of their background concentrations, as well as world averages, were used.

The established aero lead pollution of cultivated agricultural plants in the sanitary protection zone of Belinvesttorg-

Splav LLC and in the adjacent lands repeatedly exceeds the background and sanitary-hygienic values. Among the wild

plant species studied the most sensitive indicators of aerogenic pollution are: among the woody plants – common pine

(needles), in the group of bushes and shrubs – white mistletoe and common raspberry, among herbaceous plants – dioica

nettle. Research results testify to the necessity of sanitary protection zone extension for Belinvesttorg-Splav LLC at least

up to 1000 m (especially – according to the rose of prevailing winds) and cessation of agricultural activities within it.
PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN BELARUS: SOURCES, STOCKPILES, REGULATION
Authors: Kukharchyk T. I. , Kakareka S. V. , Kazyrenka M. I. , Chernyuk V. D. , Krylovich A. V.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the results of the study in Belarus of the chemicals, additionally included in the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) – ‘new’ POPs. The features of ‘new’ POPs and the problems of their identification are shown. The situation with industrial chemicals based on ‘new’ POPs in Belarus,

including polybromodiphenyl esters, per- and polyfluorinated compounds, short-chain chlorinated paraffins, polychlorinated

naphthalenes and other POPs is briefly described. Estimates of technogenic flows of polybromodiphenyl ethers in the composition of polymer waste of electrical and electronic equipment, including the volume of their annual formation

on the territory of Belarus, are given. The list of scientific and methodological and regulatory technical documents for

the regulation of POPs in Belarus, developed as part of the implementation of a number of activities of State scientific

and technical programs, National plans and subprograms on the management of POPs, is given. Priority measures for

the environmentally sound management of POPs, additionally included in the Convention, as well as the main directions

of further research are identified.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROCESSES OF BIOGENIC SEDIMENT- AND MORPHOGENESIS ON THE TERRITORY OF CENTRAL BELARUS
Authors: Kukharik E. A.
Published: March 2023

The peculiarities of the developments of modern biogenic geological processes on the territory of Central Belarus are considered in the article. The research grounded on the analysis of published scientific, cartographic and fund materials, field works, route observations and measuring, the materials of distance shooting. It is established that marshes formation is one of the most active indicating modern biogenic geological process, developing on the area around 8000 km2 and characterized by the accumulation of peat and the formation of the peculiar complex of phytogenic relief. Soils bogging develops on the area around 17 700 km2. The conditions and factors of biogenic and sediment- and morphogenesis are described. The accumulation of organogenic sediments (sapropel and peat) take their place also in basins of nature and artificial origin and till the present time leads to thicknesses formation with the capacity of mainly 3–5 m (up to 30 m). The role of geological activity of animals and plant organisms in the transformation of earth surface relies and the structure of rocks making it up is characterized.