bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the efficiency of distribution electric networks of railways based on the multi-agent mode management method
Authors: Cheremisin V.T. , Tretyakov E.A.
Published: September 2019

With the increase in observability and controllability of regimes, the development of methods for managing distributed objects of the electrical network is becoming more and more important. The main research directions in smart grids are based on the theory of fuzzy sets, genetic algorithms, neural networks, stochastic control, spectral graph, bilinear matrix inequality constraints. They are aimed at solving multicriterion optimization problems of electric networks with distributed objects and are computationally-demanding and time-consuming. Meanwhile, the methods of multi-agent control of the power supply system based on the parallelization of information flows and coordination of the operation of distributed linear regulators are becoming more common. The purpose of this study is to develop methods for controlling the operating modes of smart distribution electric networks of railways using an agent-based approach for stabilizing voltages within specified limits and reducing electric power losses. This goal can be achieved by solving the problems of developing an algorithm for managing power flows based on the coordinated work of active and reactive power sources and principles of demand management of active consumers. The multi-agent power flow control was realized in the AnyLogic program, the simulation modeling of the electrical network modes was performed in Matlab Simulink with assumptions of linear characteristics of voltage loads. A method has been developed to control the operation modes of smart distribution electric networks of railways based on the presented power flow control algorithm, the hallmarks of which are the use of linearized equations for determining control actions in small increments, which allows high speed data analysis in real time without calculating steady-state modes with disturbances. The obtained simulation results prove the validity of power flow control methods for voltage stabilization based on multi-agent control and the possibility of their practical implementation on modern equipment in smart distribution networks of railways.
Design of power substation placement with GIS tracing tools
Authors: Gadalov А.В. , Kosyakov S.V.
Published: September 2019

Analytical methods that are currently used to determine transformer substation placement in the process of planning the development of low-voltage distribution networks are based on calculating the lengths of future power lines by Euclidean distance, or methods for comparing several alternative placement options taking into account the routes of power lines. Assumptions made in this case lead to the fact that for the selected location of the substation, the total cost of the power lines connected to it may exceed the possible minimum. The use of modern GIS technologies allows simulating the routes of laying power lines on the map bypassing the existing obstacles or finding the cheapest routes for crossing them. These opportunities can be used to improve the quality of designing urban distribution networks through minimizing the construction cost of new power lines. However, the methods of organizing the solution to such a design problem have not yet found practical applications. The aim of the work is to develop a practical method of designing the placement of power substations in the GIS environment and its verification using real data. The paper uses methods of spatial modeling in the GIS environment, including methods of overlay, finding optimal paths on graphs and power grid inventory, as well as discrete optimization methods. A method of computer-aided design of transformer substation placement in urban distribution low-voltage networks is proposed and implemented as a GIS software module, which allows finding the optimal options of the placement cost at the stages of network scheme selection. The paper presents the results of the method analysis based on studying the design of the power grid scheme of Ivanovo city quarters as an example. The results confirm the possibility of using GIS to improve the quality of decisions on the choice of placement of low voltage distribution substations when designing urban electrical networks and can be used in the electrical networks CAD.
Orta Okul Öğrencileri İçin Fiziksel Aktivite Tutum Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: Yıldızer Günay , Bilgin Emre , Korur Ezel Nur , Yüksel Yılmaz , Demirhan Gıyasettin
Published: September 2019

Çocukların
fiziksel aktivite düzeyini yükseltmek ve fiziksel aktiviteye ilişkin olumlu
tutum geliştirmelerini sağlamak için fiziksel aktiviteye yönelik bakış açıları
hakkında bilgiye ihtiyaç vardır. Çocuğun fiziksel aktivite davranışını artırmak
için öncelikle fiziksel aktiviteye ilişkin tutumu belirlemek ve sonuçlara göre
uygulama stratejileri belirlemek gereklidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul
öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktiviteye yönelik tutumlarını ölçmek için Fiziksel
Aktiviteye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği (FAYTÖ) olarak isimlendirilen güncel ve
güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılında
yürütülen bu araştırma için Hacettepe Üniversitesinden Etik Komisyon onayı ve
Milli Eğitim Bakanlığından yasal izin alınmıştır. Çalışmada betimsel tarama
modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini ilköğretim 6.7. ve 8. sınıfta
öğrenim gören 636 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Açımlayıcı (n=206) ve doğrulayıcı
faktör analizlerinin (n=430) yürütülmesinde iki farklı örneklem üzerinde
çalışma yürütülmüştür. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları ölçekteki 25
maddenin 5 faktörde toplandığını göstermektedir: Sevgi (5 madde), İsteklilik (7
madde), Fayda (4 madde), Sosyalleşme (5 madde) ve Öz Güven (4 madde). Bu
faktörlerin yükleri 0.409 ve 0.768, iç tutarlılık katsayıları ise 0.70 ve 0.85
arasında değişmektedir. Faktörlerin toplam varyansa yaptıkları katkı
%61.16’dır. Ortaya çıkan modelin uyum indeksleri incelendiğinde χ2/df = 1.96,
RMSEA = 0.048, NNFI = 0.927, CFI =0,937, IFI = 0.937, GFI = 0.909’dur. Elde
edilen bu bulgular FAYTÖ’nün 7. ve 8. sınıf ortaokul öğrencilerinin fiziksel
aktiviteye yönelik tutumlarının değerlendirilmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir
ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermektedir.
Vidékfejlesztési támogatások munkaerőpiaci hatásainak települési szintű útmodellezése magyarországi községek mintáin
Authors: Horzsa Gergely
Published: September 2019

A tanulmány az Új Magyarország Vidékfejlesztési Program (ÚMVP) keretében felhasznált EU-s, szűkebb értelemben vett (3. tengelyes) vidékfejlesztési támogatások munkaerőpiaci hatásaival foglalkozik. A vizsgálat azért fontos, mert a vidékfejlesztési programok hatáselemzése általában a projektek teljesítményeinek számbavételére korlátozódik, az érdemi hatáselemzés mind a hazai, mind a nemzetközi szakirodalomban ritka és nem megbízható. Az ÚMVP szűkebb értelemben vett vidékfejlesztési céljaiként a vállalkozásösztönzést, a munkahelyteremtést és a jövedelemnövelést nevezi meg a helyi gazdasági diverzifikáció keretében. Ennek megfelelően a tanulmány elemző része a harmadik tengelyes támogatások elköltésének jövedelemre gyakorolt közvetlen és közvetett hatásával foglalkozik, a magas mérési szintű változók által lehetővé tett lineáris regressziószámításokon alapuló útmodellezéssel – a hazai községek három almintájában (agglomerációs, nem agglomerációs és leghátrányosabb helyzetű falvak). A modellek a munkaerőpiaci helyzetet mérő változóknak a 2006 és 2016 közötti, egy főre vetített változását magyarázzák az egy főre eső elköltött (harmadik tengelyes) támogatások függvényében. Az elemzés legfontosabb eredményei: 1. A vidékfejlesztési támogatások mind közvetlenül, mind a vállalkozások foglalkoztatottsági arányának növelésén keresztül közvetetten befolyásolták a helyi jövedelmi helyzetet a nem agglomerációs településeken. 2. Az agglomerációs településeken a változók kevésbé magyarázták a jövedelmek alakulását, mint másutt. 3. A leghátrányosabb térségekben a mikrovállalkozások arányának bővülése negatívan befolyásolta a foglalkoztatást, csökkentve a vidékfejlesztési támogatások összességének pozitív hatását.
A debreceni gazdaságfejlesztés zászlóshajói: a városban működő ipari parkok jellegzetességei
Authors: Molnár Ernő , Kozma Gábor
Published: September 2019

Az ipari parkok az elmúlt időszakban fontos szerepet töltöttek be a magyar gazdaság fejlesztésében, a helyi önkormányzatok is kiemelt figyelmet fordítottak alkalmazásukra. A tanulmány célja, hogy bemutassa az ipari park címmel rendelkező objektumok sajátosságait és helyét Debrecen gazdasági életében. A vizsgálatok során felhasználtuk a város rendszerváltás után készített, gazdaságfejlesztéssel foglalkozó terveit és stratégiáit, saját adatgyűjtés keretében felmértük az ipari parkok jellegzetességeit és az ott működő cégeket.

A kutatás eredményei közül kiemeljük, hogy az 1990-es évek elejétől kezdve az ipari parkok a helyi gazdaságfejlesztési stratégiák fontos elemei, a helyi gazdaság zászlóshajóivá váltak, kínálatuk folyamatosan bővül. Az ipari parkok eredetük, tulajdonosaik és működési formáik alapján változatosságot mutatnak, gazdasági szerkezetükben a feldolgozóipar mellett a kereskedelem és a szállítás-raktározás szerepe is jelentős. Az ipari parkokban működő cégek a város gazdaságának fontos bázisát alkotják (ez különösen igaz a nagyobb vállalatokra).
Intelectuais em cena
Authors: Cury Maria Zilda Ferreira
Published: September 2019

Resumo: Este texto, produto de um estudo bibliográfico, reflete sobre a origem da figura do intelectual e sobre a ressonância de sua prática no espaço público. Parte da assim considerada “cena primeira” de nascimento do intelectual moderno, o manifesto liderado por Émile Zola posicionando-se publicamente com relação ao Caso Dreyfus, no século XIX, e do retrato que faz o pintor Édouard Manet do célebre escritor francês para deles extrair o conceito de intelectual moderno. A essa primeira conceituação agregam-se outras de pensadores contemporâneos sobre a questão, como Norberto Bobbio, Edward Said, Francisco de Oliveira, Jacques Derrida e outros, para também refletir sobre o papel do intelectual e da Universidade como espaço tradicional da formação de intelectuais.
Palavras-chave: origem do intelectual moderno; espaço público; universidade e resistência.
que dizer da Paixão? A ampliação do sentido em G.H., de Lispector
Authors: Moreira Fernando , Guimarães Julia , Huven Paula , Moreira Flávia , Bacelete Lívia
Published: September 2019

Resumo: A partir de um mergulho na escrita esboçada, composta por fragmentos, em A Paixão Segundo G.H., discutimos, sob o ponto de vista da semiótica peirciana, a expansão de sentido em Lispector por meio do que ela mesma chamou de Travessia do Oposto. Ao tornar-se mais abstrata linguisticamente, a autora consegue atingir e descrever sensações de forma a tocar intimamente seu interlocutor. A base semiótica explica, teoricamente, as aproximações da escritora à qualidade dos objetos, colocando em protagonismo fenômenos densos e difíceis de serem descritos, por sua própria natureza, como é o caso do conceito de primeiridade, ligado à instância das sensações. Para isso, percorre-se o caminho de um simulacro do concreto ao abstrato, priorizando, assim, a expansão dimensional do que é passível de fazer sentido.
Palavras-chave: Lispector; Peirce; semiótica; paixão; primeiridade.
FONSECA, Rubem. Calibre 22. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 2017.
Authors: Pimentel Davi Andrade
Published: September 2019

Resenha
Apresentação
Authors: Palma Anna , La Regina Silvia , Russo Vincenzo
Published: September 2019

.
Maternal clinical profile and immediate neonatal outcome in term large for gestational age neonates
Authors: Jena Pravati , Panda Santosh K. , Nayak Manas , Rath Soumini , Pradhan Deepti D.
Published: September 2019

Background: The objective of the study was to know the maternal clinical profile and short term outcome of term large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonates.Methods: The study was a prospective observational study conducted in the tertiary neonatal unit, Odisha, during the study period February to November 2018. All inborn term neonates with birth weight above 90th percentile for gestational age excluding neonates with major congenital anomalies were included. Maternal clinical profile data from the antenatal records, neonatal demographic profile and co-morbidities over time were recorded using a checklist. The analysis of data was done using SPSS 21.0. Univariate summary statistics and bivariate Fischer’s exact test were used to analyse the data.Results: The prevalence of delivery of LGA and macrosomic neonate in our institution was 2.5%, and 1.1% respectively. Ninety one percent of LGA neonates were born before 39weeks and 80% babies delivered by cesarean section. Majority 39 (86.7%) of LGA babies were born to non-diabetic mother, four (8.9%) neonates born to GDM mother, two (4.4%) were born to mother with pre pregnancy diabetes mellitus. Sixteen (35.5%) neonates were admitted to NICU for different comorbidities like neonatal jaundice (37.8%), polycythemia (24.4%), transient tachypnea of new-born (20%), hypoglycemia (15.6%), hypocalcaemia (15.6%), and seizure (4.4%). The comorbidities like hypoglycaemia, hypocalcemia, respiratory distress were more in LGA babies with diabetic mother compared to non-diabetic mother.Conclusions: About nine in ten LGA neonates were born to non-diabetic mothers, however, LGA infants of diabetic mothers are at higher risk of metabolic complications like hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia compared to non-diabetic mother.
Feed frequency and sensory evaluation of yams
Authors: Dos Santos Aguiar Francisco Ivo , Borges Ferreira Freitas Júnior Francisco Gilvan , Sousa Andrade Raiane De , Bernado Almeida Edmilson Igor
Published: September 2019

Several studies have highlighted the variations in consumption habits, compared to the perspectives on food, social class and lifestyles of society. Among the different food groups, underground vegetables are of great importance in human nutrition as one of the main energy sources available for food. Among them, the

yam stands out for its high nutritional and energetic power. In this way, the aim was to define the frequency, consumption profile and yam preference, ‘Chinese’ and ‘São Tome’ varieties. For this, a questionnaire of socioeconomic nature, feeding frequency and sensorial evaluation was applied to 52 students of a public

university. At the end of the study, it was found that 71% of the students knew the yam, but only 50% had ever consumed the vegetable. It was observed that 85% of the interviewees never or hardly ever consume the tuber, 29% do not know the vegetable and 50% never consumed. Regarding consumption reasons, 25% of the respondents chose the taste as the main reason to consume yam and only 3% consume by the appearance of the product. The interviewees had food frequency in relation to the yam, linked to the palatability of the vegetable (25%) and of the two varieties analyzed, 69% of the interviewees prefer to consume the ‘São Tome’ yam. Given the importance of food in this vegetable, it is important to stimulate consumption, especially among younger individuals, with ages ranging from 20 to 25 years.
A green and efficient process for the synthesis of Benzothiazinones using Phosphate fertilizers MAP, DAP and TSP as heterogeneous catalysts
Authors: BAHAMMOU İmane , MALEK Badr , GHAILANE Tourya , GHAILANE Rachida , BOUKHRIS Said , SOUIZI Abdelaziz
Published: September 2019

The aim of this work is
to prove the efficiency of the Phosphate fertilizers mono-ammonium phosphate
(MAP), di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and triple-super phosphate (TSP) as a
“green” heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of 2-aryl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazin-3(4H)-ones
via the C-S and C-N coupling process of gem-dicyano epoxide with
α-aminothiophenol. To optimize the reaction conditions, the synthesis was
conducted with a range of solvents, catalyst amounts and catalyst particle
sizes. Also, the potential recyclability of the catalysts was confirmed by
running the reaction using the recycled catalyst.
TESTES RÁPIDOS DE SÍFILIS NAS REDES DE ATENÇÃO À SAÚDE
Authors: Boullosa Alonso Neto José , Cristina Gaspar Pâmela , Bigolin Alisson
Published: September 2019

Em 2016, o Ministério da Saúde (MS) brasileiro declarou epidemia de sífilis no país. Apartir desta declaração, diversas ações emsaúde pública foram realizadas: a) revisãodos protocolos clínicos; b) elaboração deuma agenda estratégica; c) ampliação dacobertura e oferta de testes rápidos (TR).Este artigo tem como objetivo revisar asações que nortearam essa ampliação, a fimde, possivelmente, auxiliar outros países noaperfeiçoamento da testagem rápida naatenção básica. Melhorias na distribuiçãode TR, treinamento de pessoal técnico eadesão à Avaliação Externa da Qualidadepara TR (AEQ-TR) são variáveis qualitativasobservadas no estudo. Os TR foram implementados no ano de 2012 como políticade saúde pública, com a descentralizaçãopara todas as unidades básicas de saúde,especialmente no atendimento pré-natal.Em 2016, o MS publicou o Manual Técnicopara Diagnóstico da Sífilis, que padronizouo uso dos TR treponêmicos em diferentesfluxogramas de diagnóstico, alinhando-osàs diversas realidades de infraestrutura existentes no país. Um maior impacto de seuuso foi possível quando se obteve o apoioda Conselho Federal de Enfermagem, quepermitiu a realização dos testes rápidos porprofissionais de nível médio. Além disso, aplataforma de capacitação à distância do MSpara realização de TR (Telelab) alterou suaplataforma off-line para on-line, aumentandoem cinco vezes o número de profissionaiscertificados. O incentivo para realização da AEQ-TR de forma regular desempenhoupapel fundamental ao triplicar o número departicipantes em 2017/2018, quando comparado com 2012, tendo naqueles anos 94%de aprovação. Tais ações corroboraram paraaumentar a distribuição dos TR pelo MS emoito vezes no ano de 2018 (10.353.900 testes), quando em comparação à distribuiçãoem 2012. A utilização dos TR requer atualizações sistemáticas e regulares de açõesconjuntas para melhor apoiar as políticaspara enfrentamento da sífilis. Nesse contexto, acesso nacional de TR garantido porum sistema logístico eficiente, treinamentotécnico apropriado e avaliação de qualidade são fundamentais para amplo uso dosTR na atenção básica
POLYGAMY; BETWEEN CONCEPT AND REALITY FOR WOMEN
Authors: Jamilah Jamilah
Published: September 2019

Konsepsi tentang perempuan adalah salah satu isu yang paling sering dibicarakan  khususnya diantara berbagai konsepsi sosial yang ada. Salah satu isu yang berkaitan dengan perempuan yang sering dibahas adalah poligami yang menimbulkan berbagai respon yang berbeda dari berbagai pihak dalam menyikapi isu tersebut. Perdebatan panjang tentang praktek poligami di masyarakat berdasar pada legalitas poligami dan dampaknya terhadap perempuan. Praktek poligami juga menarik perhatian banyak kalangan terutama ketika terjadi pro dan kontra. Bagi kelompok yang berpihak pada praktek poligami selalu berusaha mengemas alasan klise untuk mendukung argumen mereka. Sebaliknya, bagi kelompok yang menyuarakan isu-isu gender dan perempuan terus membangun argumen yang berusaha membuktikan bahwa poligami berpeluang untuk memberikan dampak yang negatif bagi perempuan. Terlepas dari kedua kutub tersebut, poligami merupakan suatu isu yang terus mengabadi sebagai wacana yang bersifat polemis yang nampaknya tidak mudah untuk berujung pada suatu kesepakatan dalam tataran konsep dan realitas.
MENGINTIP FEMINISME DAN GERAKAN PEREMPUAN
Authors: Faizain Khoirul
Published: September 2019

Feminist idea has ben existed inEuropeat 18th century and the end of 19th century feminist movement emerged in America. Later, feminist theories grew such as liberal feminist, radical feminist, marxist veminist and socialist feminist. During the growing process of those theories, women movement voiced theirv resistencies that theories may put women on undesirrable position like what was proposed by Eco feminism group in 1980. for moslem world, emancipation discourse is firstly proposed by Syeikh Muhamad Abduh (1849-1905) from Egypt also the prophet Muhammad was the initiator tomstruggle againts any forms of  inequality. Hence, in moslem world context, holistics social framework should be the movement framework of feminist movement. It may be safely put in this way: “it is not about women taking over, but women and men together expressing their full potentials neither superior not inferior”.
MEMBACA PERSEPSI, MENAKAR PROSPEK: SEBUAH CATATAN REFLEKTIF TENTANG ULAMA DAN PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DI LOMBOK
Authors: Umam Fawaizul
Published: September 2019

In the growing debate on gender discourse, religious texts (normative doctrines) is one of primary bases of producing and reproducing theological arguments for the debate particularly on the issue of gender relation in society. Then, religious figures (Ulama) who  pose the “authority” to interpret the text and to build social and religious assumptions (from the texts) on gender issues which influence the prospect and the feature of women empowerment in society become one influential factors for gender equality realization. Therefore, Ulama play significant role in determining social perception on gender in the religious-cultural level of society.
FENOMENA ABORSI DAN HAK HIDUP ANAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Diana Ilfi Nur
Published: September 2019

Abortion is very where today, even the womwn who has husband or rich family do it by various reasons. Abortion is a mistreatment and a criminal to the mankind. Al-Quran respect so much to human right which is given by Allah to the mankind, including having right to live. That’s why having right to live for children must be protected as early as possible, taking soul of the children either before or after being born is high level of prohibition in Islam, even many different opinions, one of them is it’s allowed to be done before the trob is found.
PERAN WALI DAN PERSETUJUAN MEMPELAI PEREMPUAN: Tinjauan atas Hukum Islam Konveensional dan Hukum Islam Indonesia
Authors: MA Rahmawati,
Published: September 2019

There is a wide-view in the sociey saying that women moslem according to Fiqh do not have freedom to dicide to whom they should marry. It is their father’s or wali who have authority to choose their husbands without their consents. This wiew based on an understanding of the concept of wali mujbir (forced wali). Moreover, due to the concept of wali mujbir, some people might argue that Islam has allowed forced marriage. Is this true? What is marriage law applied in Indonesia in which the biggest moslem population reside?
PEREMPUAN DAN KESENJANGAN IPTEK
Authors: Harini Sri
Published: September 2019

The role of women in our country today has grown rapidly in all fields, in- cluding the development of science and technology. It is not separated from service Raden Kartini Maya memeperjuangkan have equal rights between men and women. But on the other hand it must be admitted also that in fact there are still wide gaps between groups of highly educated women to men on how to view on the role of women in science and technology devel- opment. Even more extreme again why women are always left behind his achievements in the field of science and technology than men, although there are few women in science and technology achievements are not inferior to men.

Keywords: Perempuan, Kesenjangan, ilmu pengetahuan dan Teknologi.
PEREMPUAN DALAM PERKEMBANGAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN DAN TEKNOLOGI
Authors: Wakhidah Nur
Published: September 2019

The development of science and technology influence all aspects of life. The development is not only dominated by men but also by women. Women are considered as the user of the invention of science and technology while men are the inventor. Men, explicitly, pose role in the process of science and tech- nology. However, scientists propose findings that show women’s identity of technology. It is predicted by those who are concerned with women issues that there will be more women involving in the process of inventions in sci- ence and technology. This achievement of women is inevitable as they have contributed much on the  development of that area whether it is publicly accepted or not.

Keywords: Perempuan, Perkembangan, Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi
PERAN SOSIAL PEREMPUAN DALAM ISLAM: KAJIAN HISTORIS-NORMATIF MASA NABI DAN KHULAFA’ RASYIDUN
Authors: Masruri M. Hadi
Published: September 2019

The debate on women’s social role in Islam is an endless issue. What hasbeen done by contemporary muslim thinkers to cover women issues is notenough to influence central feminism issue, gender equality and genderequity. It can be shown from the stereotype for women to limit women’ssocial role only in domestic area still exists. The stereotype on womenis based on the understanding religious doctrine which is inherited byprevious generation and it is considered to have historical root in Prophet’stradition and His followers. This writing tries to prove that   in the age ofthe Prophet and the age of khulafa ar Rasyidun can be the pilot project ofsocial role of women historically as well as normatively. At least, womenplayed significant role during that age in social, economics, and politics areas. All the facts of women’s role are included within Qur’an and hadith and they are also released in classical history of Islam such as Tarikh alThabariand Thabaqat Ibn Sa’ad.
IDENTIFIKASI RISIKO PADA OKRA MENGGUNAKAN FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA) DI PT. MITRATANI DUA TUJUH DI KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Suryaningrat Ida Bagus , Febriyanti Wiwik , Amilia Winda
Published: September 2019

Post-harvest is an activity processed from harvesting to becoming a product. Post-harvest handling aims to maintain the quality and minimize the loss of the agricultural product. Post-harvest loss of okra is the reduction of the okra harvest amount from picking up to transporting process. Many factors can cause the post-harvest loss of okra. This study aimed to determine the causal sources of the okra loss. This study used FMEA and fishbone diagram. Fishbone diagram was used to identify the causes of the okra loss in a fishbone skeleton. FMEA was used to give the value on the causes of the okra loss by assessing the severity, occurrence and detection to get the RPN value. The RPN value was used to rank the potential causes of the loss. From the result of the study, it was found that there were 4 main factors causing the okra loss which had the RPN value above the RPN critical value. It were lack of picker accuracy and training or counseling, handling pets and diseases, and age factor of picker.

Keywords: fishbone diagram, FMEA, okra, post-harvest loss
IDENTIFIKASI DAN ANALISIS STRUKTUR RANTAI PASOK KOPI RAKYAT ROBUSTA KECAMATAN BANGSALSARI, JEMBER
Authors: Yulian Novita Fitri , Kuswardhani Nita , Amilia Winda
Published: September 2019

Robusta coffee is one of the crops plantation that cultivated in the most area in Indonesia. Bangsalsari District, Jember Regency is one of location area on the Argopuro Mountain slope, with total Robusta coffee production about 9,945.80 quintals in 2016. The robusta coffee supply chain is a supply concept which has system settings related to product flow, information flow, financial flow, service flow and actor complicity in each flow. The purpose of this study was to determined the structure of the robusta coffee supply chain in Bangsalsari District, Jember Regency. The data collecting method used in this research were primary and secondary data. The primary data was taken from the results of interviews, observation and documentation, while secondary data obtained from the literature studies, internet, journals and other documents as relevant references. The results showed that the structure of the robusta coffee supply chain in Bangsalsari District, consisted of several supply chain groups or called actors. Supply chain groups were farmers, collectors, wholesalers, exporters and related institutions.

Keywords: actor, robusta coffee, supply chain
Antihypertensive Drug Utilization in Two Districts of Northern Cyprus
Authors: Tamirci M. , Demirdamar R.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Since the irrational use of medicine increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in hypertension, this study was aimed to evaluate antihypertensive pharmacotherapy at two districts of Northern Cyprus (NC).

Material and methods. A total of 148 prescriptions including antihypertensive drugs (n=181) were obtained by the aid of five pharmacists between November 2017 August 2018 and evaluated regarding the antihypertensive drug choices and good prescribing principles. The prescribed antihypertensive agents were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System (ATC) 2, 3 and 5 and the prescriptions were evaluated regarding the availability of format information.

Results. The mean of antihypertensive agents per prescription was 1.2±0.6. According to the ATC-3 subclassification, beta-blockers (22.1%), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) (22.1%), calcium channel blockers (20.4%), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) inhibitors (17.7%), diuretics (13.8%) and anti-adrenergic drugs (3.9%) were prescribed. According to the ATC-5 subclassification, the most common prescribed antihypertensives were metoprolol (16.6%), amlodipine (16.0%), furosemide (8.8%), captopril (7.7%) and losartan (6.6%). There were no significant relation between the prescribed antihypertensive agents and gender and the physicians serving either in governmental or private hospitals. There were shortcomings in the prescriptions such as age, diagnosis and drug information which were crucial for the chosen of an appropriate antihypertensive agent.

Conclusion. This first pharmacoepidemiological study about antihypertensive drug utilization in NC indicates the imperfections of physicians in terms of prescribing antihypertensive agents according to the guidelines and writing a “legible and good” prescription that contains full information. These findings underline necessity of educational interventions for physicians to disseminate rational use of medicine (RUM) in the NC.
The Vascular Wall State and Microcirculation Parameters in Patients with Controlled and Uncontrolled Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Bragina A. E. , Natkina D. U. , Safronova T. A. , Nebieridze N. N. , Podshibyakina E. V.
Published: September 2019

Aim. To study the rigidity of the vascular wall and microcirculation parameters in patients with uncontrolled (UCAH) and controlled arterial hypertension (CAH).

Material and methods. 134 patients with essential hypertension were included, among them 88 (65.7%) patients with UCAH and 46 (34.3%) patients with CAH. Patients in both groups were similar by sex, age, duration of hypertension and some biochemical parameters. Patients had a study of the parameters of stiffness of the vascular wall, microcirculation parameters, as well as an evaluate of the plasma level of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA).

Results. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) did not differed between the UCAH and CAH, both in absolute values (1144 [1000-1290] vs 1138 [10281279] cm/sec; p=0.385) and in the frequency of exceeding the normal values (95% vs 92%; p=0.784). Microcirculation index (MI) in CAH was significantly higher than in the UCAH group: 30.55 [27.08-34.4] and 22.82 [18.62-26.05], respectively (p <0.05). ADMA plasma concentration was significantly higher 0.69 [0.62-0.81] μmol/l in UCAH, than in the CAH group 0.62 [0.58-0.70] µmol/l (p <0.05), that shows the presence of endothelial dysfunction. There were detected significant relation between MI and cognitive status.

Conclusion. The results of our study indicate the presence of signs of endothelial dysfunction in patients with UCAH with changes in the stiffness of the vascular wall comparable with the CAH group. This may reflect the slower effect of antihypertensive therapy on the remodeling processes of large vessels in comparison with the microvasculature.
Elderly Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Focus on Comorbidity and Safety of Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Napalkov D. A. , Sokolova A. A.
Published: September 2019

The article discusses issues related to the prescription of anticoagulant therapy to elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), especially those over 70 and 80 years of age. The relevance of the issue is primarily due to the prevalence of AF in this cohort of patients, and the second is due to the higher incidence of comorbidity. The presented material demonstrates the peculiarities of anticoagulant therapy application in groups of patients older than 75, based on the data of randomized clinical trials, and also presents extrapolation of the results of RCTs to the real clinical practice (data of registers and cohort trials). The use of unreasonably low doses of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients is debated. It often leads to a decrease in the efficacy of anticoagulant therapy without improving the drugs safety profile. A new validated scale (ABH) for evaluating of anticoagulant therapy safety is presented in the article. The ABH scale can be used before prescribing to patients exactly direct oral anticoagulants. This scale is simpler and more practical than the HAS-BLED scale. The data for the ABH scale are validated based on direct oral anticoagulants in 21,248 patients from the Norwegian register. The presented results demonstrate a favorable efficiency and safety profile of rivaroxaban in comparison with warfarin in patients 75 years and older. Thus, the overall benefit for the use of rivaroxaban against warfarin in patients > 75 years of age in the subanalysis of the ROCKET-AF study was statistically significantly greater than in younger patients with AF. Data on 11121 patients with AF who were treated with rivaroxaban for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism are included in the combined analysis of the XANTUS, XANAP and XANTUS-EL registers. 96% of patients in the study did not have serious thromboembolic events. The amount of major bleeding was 1.7 per 100 patient-years, and gastrointestinal bleeding was 0.7 per 100 patient-years. This turned out to be less than in some other registry studies. In addition, patients showed good adherence to rivaroxaban treatment: after a year, 77.4% of patients continued to take the drug.
Evidence, Guidelines and Treatment Algorithms for Patients with Arterial Hypertension and Dyslipidemia: the Need for Compromise and Optimization of Tactics in Practical Healthcare
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Ezhov M. V. , Gilyarevsky S. R. , Shepel R. N
Published: September 2019

The scientific basis of the selection algorithms for the management of patients with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia is presented in article. The advantages and limitations of current recommendations on the management of patients with hypercholesterolemia, which were presented by American and European experts, are discussed. Data on the narrow-mindedness of use of risk assessment scales for the development of cardiovascular complications for primary prevention in a wide population are presented. The question of the ratio of proven facts and expert opinions in clinical recommendations, as well as the validity of a flexible approach to the choice of tactics for a specific patient, considering the most acceptable approaches presented in different clinical recommendations, is being considered. The validity of recommendations for achieving lower concentrations of lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk is discussed. The difficult problem of choosing target blood pressure levels in patients with hypertension and with some characteristics or concomitant diseases and/or risk factors is discussed. The evidence base of modern drugs for preventing the development of cardiovascular complications and/or treating patients with such complications is discussed, including new data on the benefits of longer treatment with atorvastatin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular complications in patients with hypertension are discussed. Data on the problems of the choice of drugs used for the primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular complications in patients with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia are presented.
Antimicrobial Treatment of Infective Endocarditis, Caused by Enterococcus Faecalis
Authors: Shikh E. V. , Morozova T. E. , Drozdov V. N. , Lazareva N. B. , Shatsky D. A. , Andrushchyshina T. B. , Lukina M. V. , Vartanova O. A.
Published: September 2019

The frequency of infective endocarditis (IE) has increased 3 times over the past 30 years. The incidence of IE morbidity is recorded in all countries of the world and in the Russian Federation more than 40 people per 1 million population get sick. One of the most frequent causative agents of infective endocarditis is Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), which takes the third place in the structure of the frequency of IE pathogens. Enterococcal IE remains a disease with high mortality, despite the emergence of new groups of antibacterial drugs. This review includes the results of studies of the efficacy and safety of various antimicrobial regimens of IE caused by E. faecalis. The analysis of data from foreign and native studies of antimicrobial treatment in patients with infective endocarditis, accompanied by enterococcal bacteremia is presented in the review. The search for literature performed by using medical databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, eLIBRARY. The current review included studies of the efficacy and safety of antimicrobial treatment. The main antibiotic therapy regimens of IE caused by E. faecalis include 2 beta-lactam antibiotics or a combination of ampicillin and gentamicin, according to the results of 5 found studies. Found antimicrobial regimens significantly did not affect mortality. Data from international registries testify to the efficacy and safety of daptomycin monotherapy for enterococcal endocarditis. Linezolid and daptomycin are the main drugs of treating infective endocarditis caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Native studies report of a high level of resistance of enterococcal strains to beta-lactam antibacterial drugs. The duration of fever, the frequency of surgical heart valves interventions, the duration of bacteremia are not fully represented in each of the studies, and it is difficult to evaluate these factors. Ampicillin+ceftriaxone and ampicillin+gentamicin are the main antimicrobial treatment regimens of enterococcal endocarditis. Efficacy of these regimens is not significantly different. Treatment of IE should be carried out taking into the epidemiological situation and the strain resistance.
Analisis Pelaksanaan Wakaf di Kuwait
Authors: Latifah Nur Azizah , Jamal Mulyono
Published: September 2019

This Waqf in Kuwait is an endowment which is as old as the existence of Kuwaiti culture, the main purpose of this writing is to explore the implementation of waqf in Kuwait from the perspective of Endowments Jurisprudence by seeing the progress of waqf in Kuwait and with all its developments. The study method used in discussing this problem is literature research. The data in this study were obtained using the documentary method, to look for data on the implementation of waqf in Kuwait sourced from books, journals, the internet, and Papers. Kuwait has a strategy in developing waqf that is used effectively by developing waqf assets productively through various investment channels and distributing the results according to the conditions set by the waqif and making suitable waqf programs to improve the quality of existing Waqf Institutions so that Kuwait can progress and developed with effective waqf management and played an important role in the development of the Kuwaiti State.
Telaah Mauquf ‘Alaih Dalam Hukum Perwakafan
Authors: Sarpini Sarpini
Published: September 2019

In Islamic economics it is known that waqf institution as an institution to help social prosperity. The Prophet himself initially initiated this institution in accordance with the Qur'an which invites to spend and devote something of value and love in order to attain the goodness and happiness of Allah (al-birr). Waqf is a mechanism of transfer of wealth from personal ownership to collective ownership and common interest. In principle, the purpose of waqf (mauquf 'alaih) is qurbat or close to Allah. This research is descriptive analysis, the writer presents all data about waqf. This study concludes that the scholar's debate on al-mauquf 'alaih affirms that the effort to determine targets and provisions of wakaf is very open. The reference is that the goal should be qurbah or al-birr (virtue) either according to the size of shari'ah or wakif is the underlying principle of any contemporary interpretation in empowering the use of wakaf.
PEMANFAATAN DANA WAKAF TUNAI UNTUK PEMBIAYAAN PEMBANGUNAN INRASTRUKTUR
Authors: Syafiq Ahmad
Published: September 2019

The cash waqf funds can be used for financing the construction of infrastructure projects, since basically the purpose between infrastructure and wakaf development is the same that is to improve the social welfare of the people (ummah). However, since waqf funds belong to the general public handed over to the Waqf Board to be managed, in the inclusion of waqf funds as a source of funds for infrastructure projects development, it is necessary to prioritize prudential aspects so that wakaf funds can again provide sustainable benefits and can be used again for the empowerment of other people
REVITALISASI WAKAF UNTUK KEMASLAHATAN UMAT
Authors: Lestari Ana Indah
Published: September 2019

Islam as a perfect teaching places the position of waqf as a very important instrument of society. The use of waqf as one of the resources used by the Muslim community has made progress now. This is evident from the increasing number of waqf assets in Indonesia. Aside from being a source of funding for social, educational and health activities, waqf can also be used as an alternative to empower the people>s economy as the main pillar of the welfare of the ummah, so that the benefits are sustainable. With the concept of waqf revitalization, it is expected to be able to support to improve the empowerment of waqf for the benefit of the ummah. Revitalization of waqf is not only able to give positive impact that can be felt directly but also indirectly able to form a professional waqf management capable of developing waqf so that waqf can become the strengthening of prosperity of the people.
DINAMIKA PENGELOLAAN WAKAF DI NEGARA-NEGARA MUSLIM
Authors: Kasdi Abdurrohman
Published: September 2019

Waqf is one of the teachings of Islam that has been known since the time of the Prophet SAW, precisely in the second year of Hijriyah which began at the time of his prophethood in Medina and marked by the construction of the Quba Mosque. Then followed by the construction of the Nabawi Mosque built on the land of orphans of Bani Najjar. Waqf also occur during the time of Khulafa’ ar-Rasidin and also the companions thereafter to this day in some Muslim countries. Waqf has played important role in Muslim countries, such as Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Egypt, Kuwait and Turkey. In those countries, waqf is not merely in the form of worship related buildings but also in the form of farm field, educational institution, housing, cash, and capital stock.
Institusi Pengelola Zakat Dalam Hukum Positif Di Indonesia
Authors: Abdullah Junaidi
Published: September 2019

Zakat is a property that must be set aside by a Muslim or an entity that is owned by Muslims in accordance with the provisions of religion to be given to those who are entitled to receive it. Zakat should be managed properly and professionally, so that the benefits of zakat can prosper the people and can alleviate poverty and can turn mustahik into muzakki. In Indonesia, the government has made several regulations on zakat, namely with the enactment of Law number 38 of 1999 concerning the management of Zakat and has been revised by Law No. 23 of 2011. In the Law that carries out zakat management are institutions officially recognized by the government. These institutions are BAZNAS and LAZ. The form of zakat management carried out by BAZNAS and LAZ starts from the collection, distribution, utilization and reporting.
Intra- and Inter-individual Movement Variability of Upper Limb Movements of Ballet Dancers
Authors: Kawano Yui , Kuno-Mizumura Mayumi
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE: This study examined intra- and inter-individual variability in upper limb movements of ballet dancers when performing flapping swan-wing movements, and it assessed differences in joint angles of upper limbs between dancers of different skill levels. METHODS: 23 female ballet
dancers (3 professional, 6 advanced, and 14 intermediate dancers) and 21 age-matched females without previous dance experience participated in this study. Thirty-three reflective markers were attached to each participant’s trunk and upper limbs, and the flapping upper limb motions from
Swan Lake were subsequently captured with eight optical cameras. Peak values of upper limb joint angles (shoulder, elbow, and wrist joint) were obtained, and intra- and inter-individual movement variability of each joint angle were compared between groups. RESULTS: In joint angles of the shoulder,
elbow, and wrist, there were few differences among professional, advanced, and intermediate groups. The intra-individual movement variability in upward arm movements was significantly larger for professional and control groups than for advanced and intermediate groups, while in downward arm
movement, variability became significantly smaller as technical level increased. Moreover, inter-individual movement variability was larger in the upward arm movement as technical level increased, and smaller in the downward arm movement for the professional group. The results suggested that
the upward arm movements reflect dancers’ individual expression, while the downward arm movements reflect their technical competence at this swan-like movement. CONCLUSION: The complicated swan-like movements performed by skilled dancers in this study indicate that they execute expressive
and technical components in sequence.
Remote Ischemic Conditioning Improves Cognition in Patients with Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Dementia
Authors: Liao Zhangyuan , Bu Yali , Li Meijie , Han Ranran , Zhang Nan , Hao Junwei , Jiang Wei
Published: September 2019

Background ： Subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is very common among the older people, but has no approved treatment. Preclinical trials show that remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) reduces recurrence of ischemic stroke. We hypothesize that RIC may also be an effective therapy for patients with SIVD.
Methods ： Thirty-seven consecutive SIVD cases were enrolled in this randomized control study. Eighteen RIC patients underwent five brief cycles of conditioning (bilateral upper limb compression at 200 mmHg) followed by reperfusion twice daily over 6 consecutive months. Nineteen control patients underwent the same process, but at a pressure of 60 mmHg which caused no restriction on the blood flow of the upper limb. The primary outcome measures were changes in neuropsychological assessments. The secondary outcomes included the changes in high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentration, white matter lesion volume (WMLV), diffusion tension imaging (DTI) metrics of white matter. All data were collected at baseline and follow-up.
Results ： A significant treatment difference favoring RIC at 6 months was observed on performance of Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R), Controlled Oral Word Association Test(COWAT), Trail Making Test A and B (TMT-A & TMT-B), and Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO) (p<0.05). The control group did not show much improvement after the treatment, and only with a slight change in HVLT-R and TMT-R(p<0.05). Covariance analysis of efficacy between the two groups suggested that RIC patients performed better on JLO than control patients at the 6-month follow-up (RIC 23.10 vs. control 18.56; p=0.013). Although DTI metrics were comparable, Hs-CRP levels and WMLV in RIC patients showed a declining trend.
Conclusions： Over the 6-month treatment period, we found that RIC was safe and effective for improving cognitive function in SIVD patients.