bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Analysis of Export-Led Growth of Vietnam: Trade in Value Added (TiVA) Approach
Authors: Khoi Nguyen Viet , Chaudhary Shashi Kant
Published: January 2020

This paper examines the long-run relationship between domestic value added exports and economic growth of Vietnam using ARDL bounds test of cointegration on annual data covering the period of 1995-2014.The bounds test establishes existence of both short-run and long-run relationship between exports and GDP of Vietnam and shows a substantial contribution of exports in the real GDP (0.73 percent for one percent changes in the domestic value added exports). The exports pattern of Vietnam portrays it following the footsteps of export-led growth model of Mexico, whereby it has turned itself into export production platforms for MNCs by suppressing the wages, rather than developing own indigenous industrial capacity. In such scenario, it seems challenging for Vietnam to sustain its export-led growth which it has achieved so far based on its cheap labour. With the rising living standards, ultimately the comparative advantages of cheap labour force would vanish in the future, which will cause a wave of assembly jobs to flow out of Vietnam. Moreover, two other low-cost countries in the region, Cambodia and Myanmar are likely to rise as close competitors of Vietnam in the low-cost assembly works in the near future. By that time, in case Vietnam fails to enter into higher value added activities, it will drag itself into the ‘middle income trap’. Therefore, the ‘assembly strategy’ shall be bonded with strategy to develop own indigenous industrial capacity, and national technological base. These will help Vietnam to upgrade its activities along value chains in forms of product upgrading, process upgrading, functional upgrading, and sectoral upgrading so that it can switch its role of ‘assembling agent’ to ‘indigenous producer’.
The Dynamic Relationship between Tourism and Economy: Evidence from Nepal
Authors: Karki Dipendra
Published: January 2020

The objective of this paper is to analyse the role of tourism in the Nepalese economic growth. I use a trivariate model of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), international tourist arrivals and real effective exchange rate to investigate the long-run and short-run relationship between tourism and economic growth. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller ( ADF) test is used to determine the order of integration of the series, and I employ the Engle- Granger cointegration procedure to test for the presence of long-run relationship. By using annual macroeconomic data for Nepal for the period of 1962-2011, results reveal that there is a cointegrating relationship between tourism and economic growth.
Digital Financial Literacy: A Study of Households of Udaipur
Authors: Prasad Hanuman , Meghwal Devendra , Dayama Vijay
Published: January 2020

Financial literacy has been center of discussion world over. Financial literacy can be generally defined as a person’s ability to understand, analyze, manage, and communicate personal finance matters. More specifically, it refers to the set of skills and knowledge that allows an individual to make informed and effective decisions through their understanding of finances. It is the ability to make informed judgments and take effective decision regarding the use and management of money. Now the trend is change financial literacy become old wine people are moving towards digital financial literacy. The interesting side of digital financial literacy is more people are going of digital payments, the value of internet banking, debit card & credit card, mobile banking are going high. Indian Government is also promoting Digital India recently they have launched many schemes like are Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna, Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojna, Suraksha Bima, MUDRA Bank Yojna, BHIM. The Vittiya Saksharta Abhiyan (VISAKA) also been launched by Ministry of Human Resource. The prime objective of the research is to know the digital financial literacy among the households of Udaipur city. The awareness about various digital platforms and their frequency of use is taken as digital financial literacy. The study further aims to diagnose the impact of personal characteristics on digital financial literacy. The sample of the study is taken from Udaipur city of Rajasthan state of India. A sample of 268 households was selected randomly. A well-structured questionnaire was used to survey and generate digital financial literacy data. The results of study will be a useful direction for both digital platform providers and government to promote citizen for digital transactions. The study also suggests that a wave of awareness campaign is required for bringing more people in the umbrella of digital transaction. Further, a cash transaction oriented economy like India needs to have dual edged sword, where in one hand it needs to bring more policies for lesser use of cash and on the other greater use of digital cash.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI 2,4 – DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID (2,4-D) TERHADAP INDUKSI KALUS TANAMAN SORGUM
Authors: Maulana Rizqi , Restanto Didik Pudji , Slameto Slameto
Published: January 2020

Rendahnya keragaman genetik dan produktivitas tanaman sorgum menjadi permasalahan dalam pengembangan tanaman sorgum. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pendekatan bioteknologi terutama untuk mendapatkan tanaman transgenik. Pendekatan bioteknologi didukung oleh bahan tanam yang baik dengan menggunakan teknik kultur jaringan untuk mendapatkan kalus tanaman sorgum. Perbanyakan kalus dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kultur jaringan dengan menambahkan konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh 2,4-D. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember. Penelitian ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktor tunggal yaitu pemberian 2,4-D berbagai konsentrasi antara lain A0 (kontrol), A1 2 ppm, A2 3 ppm, A3 4 ppm, A4 5 ppm, dan A5 6 ppm dimana setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Variabel pengamatan yang dilakukan secara kuantitatif yaitu perhitungan kedinian kemunculan kalus, jumlah kalus, dan berat kalus. Variabel pengamatan secara kualitatif yaitu menentukan warna kalus dan tekstur kalus yang diamati secara visual. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan berbeda sangat nyata pada setiap pengamatan kuantitatif dan menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada pengamatan kualitatif. Perlakuan 2 ppm 2,4-D menunjukkan hasil terbaik dibandingkan perlakuan 2,4-D yang lain yaitu mampu menginduksi kalus tanaman sorgum cenderung lebih cepat yaitu 7,6 HST, presentase jumlah kalus 90%, berat kalus 0,6 gram serta kalus berwarna putih kekuningan (5Y 8/6) dan kalus bersifat friable (remah).
EFEKTIVITAS MOLUSKISIDA BERBAHAN AKTIF NIKLOSAMIDA TERHADAP HAMA KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata L.) PADA TANAMAN PADI
Authors: Putra Sukis Ramadhan , Hasjim Saifuddin
Published: January 2020

Golden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata L.) is one of important pests in rice cultivation that could making damage up to 90%. Some attempt to control that often done among them is mechanical control and chemical control by using molluscicide. One of type of molluscicide that is have predominence to control golden apple snail is molluscicide with active ingredient of niclosamide with character contact pesticide. The purpose of this research to know the effectivity of molluscicide niclosamide to control golden apple snail pest by treatment of various concentration. This research was conducted in the Lampeji Village, Jember using Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatment and 4 replication with concentration of molluscicide each of which is 0 ml/l, 1 ml/l, 2 ml/l, 3 ml/l, 4 ml/l, and 5 ml/l. The observed variables is mortality of golden apple snail, crops damage intensity, and total eggs group produced by golden apple snail. The result show that treatments of molluscicide with active ingredient of niclosamide could control golden apple snail with value 61,75% until 89,06%. The effective and efficient treatment is application treatment with value of concentration is 3ml/l with value 84,68%. Application of molluscicide with active ingredient of niclosamide also affected in crops damage intensity. The result of crops damage intensity is coming up with score from 8,28% until 23,03%.  Treatments of molluscicide with active ingredient of niclosamide overall could reduce potention of spawn eggs from golden apple snail pest. Eggs only found in control found 1 to 3 eggs group, whereas in P1-P5 no.
PEMANFAATAN PUPUK ORGANIK LIMBAH BUDIDAYA BELIMBING TASIKMADU TUBAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PRODUKSI TANAMAN PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Gunawan Heldy , Puspitawati Mutiara Dewi , Sumiasih Inanpi Hidayati
Published: January 2020

The cultivation of carambola produced some waste that can be used as organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is useful to improve soil conditions and enrich the nutrient content contained therein so that it is easily absorbed by cultivated plants such as pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). The optimum pakcoy production is supported by good land management in order to meet the availability of nutrients needed by the addition of inorganic fertilizers and starfruit organic fertilizer. The study was conducted at Attaqie Farm, Tuban in November 2018 to May 2019. The experimental design used was randomized completely block design with two factors carambla derivated organic fertilizer 10 tons ha-1 , 20 tons ha-1, 30 tons ha-1 and inorganic fertilizer  0 kg ha-1; 50 kg ha-1; 100 kg ha-1. The results showed that carambola derivated organic fertilizer contained N, P, K, S, Ca, and Mg about 6.19%,  0.94%, 75.04%,  0.02%,  20.13%, and 47.23%, respectively. The dosage of 50% inorganic fertilizer and 10 tons of carambola organic fertilizer gave optimum results for the growth of plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, stem diameter, canopy weight, root length and root weight of pakcoy plants. Fertilization using a dose of organic fertilizer 10 tons ha-1 could reduce 50% of the need of inorganic fertilizer.Keywords: fertilizer efficiency, organic fertilizer, pakcoy, starfruit waste, verticulture
Impact of Corporate Governance on American Corporates' Financial Performance: The Mediating Role of Derivatives
Authors: Bahoo Salman , Ahmed Farhan , Shoukat Ayesha , Ahmad Mumtaz
Published: January 2020

This study aims to present and test a model that derivatives (commodity, currency, and interest rate) play a mediating role between corporate governance and financial performance. We tested this model through a sample of 85 non-financial American corporates listed in New York Stock Exchange, U.S. 100 Index for six years from 2009-2014 by applying Partial Least Square, Structural Equation Modeling. We confirm that derivatives usage plays a mediating role between corporate governance and financial performance. We found and recommend that the utilization of derivatives as a risk management tool is essential for corporates to improve financial performance. Finally, the findings are useful for corporates from developed (European), emerging (China), and developing (Pakistan, Bangladesh) countries to utilize derivatives to hedge risk and improve financial performance.
Innovation as a mediator between Innovative Culture, Transformational Leadership, Knowledge Management, Learning Orientation, and Performance
Authors: Zafar Hina , Mehmood Khawaja Khalid
Published: January 2020

It is believed that for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), innovation is most important to deliver performance. Literature indicates that the most significant antecedents of innovation are learning orientation, transformational leadership, knowledge management, and innovative culture. Further, a research gap exists regarding the mediating effect of innovation for the relationships among these antecedents and SMEs performance in the Pakistan context. The scope of research is limited to SMEs and is novel and significant in this regard that it examines the mediatory role of innovation for the relationships between learning orientation, transformation leadership, knowledge management, innovative culture, and performance for Pakistani SMEs. This research employed quantitative research design and collected primary data from 150 SMEs (including retailers, hotels, restaurants, and boutiques) of Southern Punjab region. Area sampling technique was used wherein areas were selected randomly. Respondents were top managers/owners of SMEs. This research concludes that innovation does play a mediatory role. It contributes and strengthens transformational leadership theory, resource-based theory, theory of the growth of firms, and dynamic capabilities perspective. The study also contributes by providing practical implications and suggestions to the policy makers and managers of SMEs. It suggests that managers must develop an innovative culture to promote innovation and attain high performance. Further, effective knowledge management guarantees innovation and superior performance of the organization. Regarding, learning orientation, it suggests that information must be obtained from and communicated to all the employees for fostering innovation and high performance. Finally, the transformational leadership style must be used by leaders for enhancing the creativity of employees and improving SME performance.
Cold Spray Coating Applications in Protection and Manufacturing
Authors: Calla E.
Published: January 2020

Cold spray coatings technology has the potential to provide surface enhancement for applications in sectors such as defense and aerospace, oil and gas, power generation, medical, automotive, electronics, and railways. The ability to deposit clean metallic coatings is used in applications requiring corrosion/oxidation protection, erosion/wear protection, additive manufacturing, and fabricating free forms. This chapter discusses the function, advantages, and benefits of some of these applications.
Application of Copper Coatings onto Used-Fuel Canisters for the Canadian Nuclear Industry
Authors: Vo P. , Poirier D. , Legoux J.-G. , Irissou E. , Keech P.G.
Published: January 2020

The Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO) investigates approaches for managing Canada's used nuclear fuel. As part of a larger program investigating concepts of copper coatings, NWMO has begun exploring copper cold spray in collaboration with the National Research Council. Within the coating program, a large variety of copper coating sizes have been investigated, from small corrosion coupons to full-scale used-fuel containers/canisters (UFCs). This chapter demonstrates the successful application of copper coating technology to full-scale geometric representative Mark II UFC mock-up configurations through activities involving powder selection, general coating development, UFC coating optimization, and prototyping.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BOOK-TAX DIFFERENCES DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA (Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Subsektor Industri Dasar Dan Kimia Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2012-2015)
Authors: Asmaul Husna, Fatahurrazak, Ratna Sari
Published: January 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh book-tax differences dan likuiditas terhadap pertumbuhan laba. Book-tax differences dalam penelitian ini diwakili oleh perbedaan permanen dan perbedaan temporer. Kemudian likuiditas dalam penelitian ini diwakili oleh working capital to total asset (WCTA). Objek penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur subsektor industri dasar dan kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2015. Populasi berjumlah 64 perusahaan, dengan metode pemilihan sampel yaitu purposive sampling dan diperoleh total sampel sebanyak 16 Perusahaan. Metode penelitian adalah metode analisis dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan permanen dan working capital to total asset berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba, sedangkan perbedaan temporer tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba pada perusahaan industri dasar dan kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2015.
ANALISIS KONTRIBUSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS PAJAK DAERAH TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH KABUPATEN BINTAN PERIODE 2011-2014
Authors: Hadli Lidya Rikayana
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa perkembangan (trend), laju pertumbuhan, dan efektivitas serta kontribusi masing-masing Pajak Daerah terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Bintan periode 2011-2014. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif dengan menjelaskan data yang telah diolah. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah Pajak Daerah Kabupaten Bintan sebagian besar sudah efektif dengan rata-rata nilai efektivitas di atas 90%. Namun, ada satu Pajak Daerah yang nilai efektivitas rata-ratanya di bawah 90% yaitu Pajak Reklame. Dan Pajak Daerah yang memberikan kontribusi rata-rata terbesar terhadap PAD adalah Pajak Hotel dan yang terkecil adalah Pajak Parkir. Pemerintah daerah diharapkan meningkatkan kinerja pegawai, kegiatan sosialisasi pembayaran pajak, dan melakukan survei dan menilai kembali objek Pajak Daerah.
PENGARUH MANAJEMEN LABA DAN KONSERVATISME AKUNTANSI TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI
Authors: Tumpal Manik
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris pengaruh manajemen laba dan konservatisme akuntansi terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan kinerja perusahaan sebagai variabel pemoderasi. Populasi penelitian pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2016 – 2017. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Jumlah populasi 168 yang memenuhi kriteria sebanyak 40 perusahaan, maka data penelitian 40 x 2 tahun yaitu 80 data. Pengolahan data penelitian untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian secara simultan dan parsial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen laba berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan –17,6%, konservatisme berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan 21,3%, kinerja perusahaan berpengaruh sinifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan 22,7%, manajemen berpengaruh sinifikan laba terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan kinerja perusahaan sebagai variabel pemoderasi 9%. dan konservatisme berpengaruh sinifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan kinerja perusahaan sebagai variabel pemoderasi 9%
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS, KEPUTUSAN PENDANAAN, DAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN YANG DIMODERASI GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN PROPERTY, REAL ESTATE, DAN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA)
Authors: Hendrianto, Yulia Efni, Andewi Rokhmawati
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari likuiditas, keputusan pendanaan, dan kinerja perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada sektor property, real estate, dan building construction yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2015 hingga 2017. Serta menganalisis bagaimana penerapan good corporate governance dalam melakukan fungsi pengawasan terhadap manajemen. Metode penarikan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan diperoleh 44 perusahaan property, real estate, dan building construction yang menjadi sampel. Alat analisis data yang digunakan adalah partial least square (PLS). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa likuiditas dan good corporate governance tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Berbeda dengan keputusan pendanaan dan kinerja perusahaan yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Likuiditas berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan melalui kinerja perusahaan. Keputusan pendanaan berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan melalui kinerja perusahaan. Good corporate governance tidak memoderasi hubungan likuiditas terhadap nilai perusahaan. Good corporate governance tidak memoderasi hubungan kinerja perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Good corporate governance tidak memoderasi hubungan keputusan pendanaan terhadap nilai perusahaan.
E-FISH PAY (ELECTRONIC FISH PAY) KABUPATEN BINTAN KEPULAUAN RIAU
Authors: Asmaul Husna
Published: January 2020

Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kondisi perekonomian masyarakat pesisir? bagaimana implementasi Gerakan Nasional Non Tunai (GNNT) terhadap masyarakat pesisir? Dan bagaimana inovasi E-fish pay dapat dikatakan sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat pesisir? peneliti berusaha untuk menggali bagaimana kondisi perekonomian masyarakat di wilayah Kelurahan Sei Enam khususnya perekonomian masyarakat yang bekerja sebagai nelayan tangka karena masih rendahnya taraf perekonomian masyarakat sekitar tersebut, sementara hasil tangkapan di wilayah tersebut merupakan hasil tangkapan terbesar di Kabupaten Bintan. Melalui GNNT diharapkan dapat mengakselerasi penggunaan instrumen pembayaran non tunai yang telah diupayakan oleh Bank Indonesia dari beberapa tahun sebelumnya. Dalam konsep E-Fish Pay, cara kerja investment adalah dengan menyisihkan 10% dari penghasilan nelayan yang melakukan transaksi jual beli melalui sistem E-Fish Pay. Namun untuk investment ini penghasilan yang telah disisihkan oleh nelayan hanya boleh di tarik atau digunakan untuk kelangsungan perekonomian nelayan, misal untuk pembuatan keramba atau membuka usaha-usaha yang akan dijalankan oleh nelayan selama tidak melaut.
ANALISIS PENGARUH TRANSAKSI DIGITALISASI UANG ELEKTRONIK TERHADAP CASHLESS SOCIETY DAN INFRASTRUKTUR UANG ELEKTRONIK SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODARASI
Authors: Tumpal Manik
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan melakukan analisis pengaruh digitalisasi transaksi uang elektronik terhadap cashless society dan infrastruktur uang elektronik sebagai variabel pemodarasi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, menggunakan data sekunder dalam bentuk time series sejak Januari 2014 - Juni 2019, jumlah data sebanyak 66 data diperoleh dari publikasi website Bank Indonesia. Pengolahan data diuji dengan aplikasi statistik melalui uji asumsi klasik, uji-t, uji-f dan uji determinasi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berpoengaruh signifikan terhadap chesless social terdiri dari: 1) transaksi uang elektronik berpengaruh signifikan sebesar 0,929; 2) uang elektronik beredar berpengaruh signifikan sebesar -1,470; 3) digitalisasi uang elektronik berpengaruh signifikan sebesar -0,543; 4) infrastruktur uang elektronik berpengaruh signifikan sebesar -1,463; 5) secara simultan memiliki berpengaruh sebesar 74,4%. Sedangkan infrastruktur uang elektronik sebagai variabel pemoderasi yang memperkuat pengaruh transaksi uang elektronik terhadap cashless society sebesar 27,6%.
Change in rates of primary atlantoaxial spinal fusion surgeries in the United States (1993–2015)
Authors: Hendow Chelsea J. , Beschloss Alexander , Cazzulino Alejandro , Lombardi Joseph M. , Louie Philip K. , Milby Andrew H. , Pugely Andrew J. , Ozturk Ali K. , Ludwig Steven C. , Saifi Comron
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to investigate revision burden and associated demographic and economic data for atlantoaxial (AA) fusion procedures in the US.

METHODS

Patient data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for primary AA fusion were obtained from 1993 to 2015, and for revision AA fusion from 2006 to 2014 using ICD-9 procedure codes. Data from 2006 to 2014 were used in comparisons between primary and revision surgeries. National procedure rates, hospital costs/charges, length of stay (LOS), routine discharge, and mortality rates were investigated.

RESULTS

Between 1993 and 2014, 52,011 patients underwent primary AA fusion. Over this period, there was a 111% increase in annual number of primary surgeries performed. An estimated 1372 patients underwent revision AA fusion between 2006 and 2014, and over this time period there was a 6% decrease in the number of revisions performed annually. The 65–84 year-old age group increased as a proportion of primary AA fusions in the US from 35.9% of all AA fusions in 1997 to 44.2% in 2015, an increase of 23%. The mean hospital cost for primary AA surgery increased 32% between 2006 and 2015, while the mean cost for revision AA surgery increased by 35% between 2006 and 2014. Between 2006 and 2014, the mean hospital charge for primary AA surgery increased by 67%; the mean charge for revision surgery over that same period increased by 57%. Between 2006 and 2014, the mean age for primary AA fusions was 60 years, while the mean age for revision AA fusions was 52 years. The mean LOS for both procedures decreased over the study period, with primary AA fusion decreasing by 31% and revision AA fusion decreasing by 24%. Revision burden decreased by 21% between 2006 and 2014 (mean 4.9%, range 3.2%–6.4%). The inpatient mortality rate for primary AA surgery decreased from 5.3% in 1993 to 2.2% in 2014.

CONCLUSIONS

The number of primary AA fusions between 2006 and 2014 increased 22%, while the number of revision procedures has decreased 6% over the same period. The revision burden decreased by 21%. The inpatient mortality rate decreased 62% (1993–2014) to 2.2%. The increased primary fusion rate, decreased revision burden, and decreased inpatient mortality determined in this study may suggest an improvement in the safety and success of primary AA fusion.
Equidad en la provisión de espacios públicos abiertos: accesibilidad, percepción y uso entre mujeres de Hermosillo, Sonora
Authors: García Pérez Hilda , Lara Valencia Francisco
Published: January 2020

Este artículo examina los espacios públicos abiertos como entidades urbanas polivalentes que contribuyen a la sustentabilidad y calidad de vida, y discute las barreras que limitan su aprovechamiento social pleno. El objetivo es mostrar cómo las desigualdades en la provisión y calidad de los espacios públicos, en combinación con el entorno del barrio, crean una valoración dicotómica de los mismos como recurso y fuente de riesgo. El estudio usa métodos mixtos para determinar el nivel de desigualdad socio-espacial existente y los factores que limitan el uso de los espacios públicos por mujeres residentes en Hermosillo, Sonora. Se concluye que los hermosillenses no disfrutan de una provisión completa, equitativa y adecuada de espacios públicos, lo que reproduce y amplifica desigualdades estructurales y de género. Este análisis llena un vacío de información y propone la adopción de un enfoque que reconozca la interconectividad y sinergia entre naturaleza, ciudad y bienestar para resolver la dicotomía recurso-riesgo que afecta la producción de espacios públicos urbanos en Hermosillo.
Evaluation of water quality through the distribution system in Cancún, Mexico
Authors: Leal-Bautista Rosa María , Lenczewski Melissa , Acosta González Gilberto , Grimaldo Hernández Cinthya
Published: January 2020

A water distribution system must maintain water quality throughout the entire network to guarantee public health. Although several studies have focused on changes in water quality along distribution systems, very few have evaluated the entire process from the water source to household containers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of bacteriological control and to determine the critical points of potential contamination along the distribution system in Cancún, Mexico. We addressed three aspects: 1) physicochemical and bacteriological analysis of water, 2) biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and nitrate-nitrite associated with organic matter, and 3) trihalometanes (THMs) as chlorine by-products from the disinfection process. The results showed that the water supply met the required quality standards in most parts of the distribution system but that there are critical points that could increase the risk of recontamination, specifically the geological setting and the critical aspects in irregular urban development in the area of water extraction. Mexico and any other country that relies on groundwater as a drinking water source must review and reinforce the regulations to protect areas with extraction wells and encourage the maintenance of containers to ensure water quality.
Análisis retrospectivo de la duna costera El Socorro, Baja California, México
Authors: Rodríguez-Revelo Natalia , Espejel Ileana , Acéves-Calderón Patricia , Leyva Claudia , Ojeda-Revah Lina , Sánchez-Vázquez María Alejandra
Published: January 2020

La prospectiva ambiental permite proyectar escenarios futuros con el fin de tomar decisiones participativas; metodológicamente requiere de un análisis retrospectivo que permita dar explicación a la situación que interesa analizar. El objetivo de este artículo es hacer la retrospectiva de una duna costera ubicada en el ejido Nueva Odisea en Ensenada, Baja California; un ecosistema con valores contrapuestos: el de proveer arena con minerales valiosos y el de ser el hábitat con la mayor diversidad florística entre las dunas costeras de Baja California. Se usaron técnicas de investigación cualitativa, una revisión de contenido bibliohemerográfico, así como observaciones participantes y no participantes en campo, con informantes ejidatarios y consultores ambientales. Esta combinación de técnicas permitió elaborar una línea que identifica cuatro etapas entre 1960 y 2018, las cuales se relacionan con las políticas públicas emergentes en cada sexenio. Se espera que, con esta información, la proyección de escenarios futuros, y con los cambios que se vislumbran en cuanto al carácter neoliberal de la política pública en el país, se complete el proceso participativo de los ejidatarios, y los dueños de la duna costera tomen decisiones sobre su uso, ahora basadas en datos y lecciones aprendidas.
Caracterización socioeconómica de la pesca deportiva en tres localidades de Baja California Sur, México
Authors: Von Borstel Juárez Obsidiana Sarahi , Beltrán Morales Luis Felipe , Ponce Díaz Germán , Almendarez Hernández Luis César , Meza Cuellar Nuria Alexandría , Zepeda Domínguez José Alberto
Published: January 2020

La pesca deportiva es una actividad turística que genera una considerable derrama económica para el estado de Baja California Sur (BCS). En este sentido, es importante conocer las características de los pescadores recreacionales, para generar estrategias de manejo apropiadas a los contextos locales. Este estudio caracterizó la actividad y el perfil del pescador deportivo que visita BCS, además de identificar su percepción sobre la técnica de captura y liberación, la cual favorece la conservación de los recursos. Con un total de 922 encuestas en tres localidades, Cabo San Lucas, Los Barriles-Buenavista e Isla Cerralvo, se identificó que más del 80 % de los pescadores deportivos que acuden a BSC son de origen extranjero (principalmente de EUA), que el nivel de experiencia de pesca que predomina es el intermedio y que tienen una percepción favorable de la práctica de capturar y liberar; sin embargo, en éstas y en otras características (e.g. ingreso, edad, horas de traslado, entre otras) las proporciones entre las localidades son diferentes. Considerando la información de carácter socioeconómico, se caracterizaron dos tipos de pescador deportivo: el de ocasión y el exclusivo. Además, se identificó que el género femenino es un segmento de mercado poco atendido, el cual tiene potencial de crecimiento.
Social practices of the «high society» lifestyle in the work of O. Makovei «Biography of Osyp Yurii Fedkovych-Hordynskyi»
Authors: Valiavska Kateryna
Published: January 2020

The work of O.Makovei «Biography of Osyp Yurii Fedkovych-Hordynskyi» is analyzed in the article. The goal of the article is to find in the text representations of social practices, which were peculiar for the high society lifestyle in the medium of the educated middle class – intelligentsia – in the Duchy of Bukovyna throughout the 19th.century. In the discourse of the author’s biographical work and in used memories of Fedkovych’ contemporaries it is stressed that noble standards of living were the ideal of the social life in Bykovyna and Chernivtsi, herewith negative connotations were present in such statements.
The lifestyle of Y.Fedkovych’s parents suited this definition, while the poet in his conscious age tried to oppose to such a lifestyle. That is why his behavior in front of the audience was characterized by displays of protest against following elite standards of living in the society. Probably, his demonstrational wearing of rustic (Hutsul) clothing was also connected with his goal.
Despite the fact that his participation in social practices of the high society lifestyle allowed Fedkovych to gain support of his writing talent in the 1860s, in the 1870-1880ss he was demonstratively violating accepted behavioral norms, which were generalized as the rules of common courtesy. Furthermore, he tried to stress that he is equal with villagers, he called himself Hutsul. But O.Makovei found out that Hutsuls still considered Fedkovych to be a stranger – «lord in disguise», «German».
While analyzing life and works of Y. Fedkovych, O.Makovei described poet’s social surrounding – intelligentsia- and its peculiar social practices such as following the common courtesy rules in self-representation (manners, clothes, communication), different types of intelligentsia leisure (clubs, salons parties, theatre) and cooperation.
Keywords: social practices, life style of the high society, Y.Fedkovych, O. Makovei, intelligentsia, middle class, Bukovyna, Chernivtsi.
As for an issue of the origins and the resettlement of Bulgariansʼ Tuqan ethnographic group in Ukraine
Authors: Ganchev Alexander
Published: January 2020

The Bulgarians' resettlement to Bessarabia lasted during almost five centuries. It was likely to start at once after the Ottoman's conquest of Bulgaria in the end of XIV century. Since then intensity of migration obviously was different and at the same time it was isolated occurrence and wasn't a reason for places of the Bulgarians' concentration to appear.
The oldest Bulgarian settlements in South Bessarabia differed from later Balkan migrants in speaking, folklore, rites and definite elements of cultural attributes. It's seen in the fact that other back-settlers of later waves called them «tuqans» ( tuqan,tuqans,tuqanar) i.e. «local», «native».
The last quarter of XVIII - the first decade of XIX centuries in the Bulgarians' historical memory charactered as «krdzhaliysko vreme»,when riots and high handedness of local feudals were rather widespread, the same as open terror of gangs and fugitives in relation to Christian population.
One more of the factors that encouraged the Tuqans' ancestors to relocate in South Bessarabia was a complicated epidemiological situation in the region - a plague outbreak, cholera etc. Such a complicated situation when settlement took place is confirmed by documents of Russian customs authorities of that time.
The Tuqans constituted the oldest, the most numerous, stable and meaningful in its ethnographic specificity group of Bulgarian diaspora in South Ukraine. Controversial processes influenced their historical evidence that took place in South Bessarabia from the last quarter of XVIII till the first half of XIX century and are defined by long the Ottoman- Russian confrontation together with complicated process of back-settlers' adaptation to new conditions.
Keywords: Tuqans, South Bessarabia, Bessarabian Bulgarians, back-settlers, migration, culture, folklore, ethnographic group.
The choice of the peoples or the choice of elites?
Authors: Sych Olexandr
Published: January 2020

It is known the WWI has drastically altered the map of Central and Eastern Europe. The peoples of the newly formed states had to choose the most optimum way of their social development and political system. The direction of their subsequent historical development substantially depended on the solution of this task. 
We know that the new independent states of the Central and Eastern Europe made a choice in favor the Western socio-political model. It is represented to analyse an actual scientific problem: how natural and justified there was this choice, and whose choice it was - of the peoples or of the elites?
The democratic reforms along Western lines began in the countries of this region. However, the period of democratization and modernization was minimized by a number of reasons such as monarchism, government centralism, tough social control, corporativism, clericalism, commitment to social stability and order, negative attitude to innovations, traditionalism. Nationalism also had negative and destructive impact on the fate of democracy in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The idea of my paper is to show that imperial legacy (in fact, the legacy of agrarian, or traditional, society) and nationalism were the major reasons that have caused the evolution of their political system from democracy to authoritarian dictatorships in the interwar period.
Keywords: Central and Eastern Europe,  elites, modernization, democratization, nationalism, ethnic minorities, authoritarian dictatorships.
Organization and activity of medical stations of the Ukrainian Red Cross in the military district of UPA «Zagrava» (the second half of 1943)
Authors: Zhyvyuk Andriy , Aleksiychuk Larysa
Published: January 2020

The publication examines the organization and activities of the health-care units of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army – the medical stations of the military district «Zagrava» in the second half of 1943. The publication is archaeographical and includes eight original documents that come from the Branch State Archive of the Security Service of Ukraine in Rivne. On the basis of these documents, namely, the directional instructions of the commanders of the UPA units, the chiefs of the medical service of these units, the commanders of the Ukrainian Red Cross (orders, appeals, regulations, recommendations) and the reports of heads and leaders of medical stations, an analysis of the circumstances of the formation and features of the functioning of medical stations was made. In particular, it was found that medical stations were created in accordance with the orders of the commander of the UPA «Zagrava»; their operational management was carried out by the Chancellery of the head of the military headquarters of the group, and directly managed by the head and senior doctor of the medical station. The staff of the medical stations was formed from mobilized for UPA doctors and medical assistants, and nurses and nursing assistants trained on short-term courses. Medicines for medical stations were supplied by the Ukrainian Red Cross service. Medical stations consisted of hospitals for the wounded and sick, outpatient clinics, first aid stations. Each medical station was guided in its activity by regulamin (schedule) issued by the commander of the Ukrainian Red Cross, was obliged, in addition to providing assistance to the wounded and sick, to report weekly their work, to carry out the procurement of medicinal plants, to adhere to sanitary and epidemiological safety, and so on. Thus, the medical stations played a significant role in preserving the UPA's combat capability, returning to the ranks of wounded and sick soldiers, providing first aid to the civilian population. The experience of their activities may be useful for establishing a health care service in the field for the modern Ukrainian army.
Keywords: Ukrainian insurgent army, military district «Zagrava», Ukrainian Red Cross, medical station, Branch State Archive of the Security Service.
Using argumentation schemes to find motives and intentions of a rational agent
Authors: Walton Douglas
Published: January 2020

Because motives and intentions are internal, and not directly observable by another agent, it has always been a problem to find a pathway of reasoning linking them to externally observable evidence. This paper proposes an argumentation-based method that one can use to support or attack hypotheses about the motives or intentions of an intelligent autonomous agent based on verifiable evidence. The method is based on a dialectical argumentation approach along with a commitment-based theory of mind. It is implemented using the Carneades Argumentation System, which already has 106 programmed schemes available to it and has an argument search tool. The method uses schemes, notably ones for abductive reasoning, argument from action to intention, argument from action to motive, and some new ones.
Solutions for parametric double phase Robin problems
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Vetro Calogero , Vetro Francesca
Published: January 2020

We consider a parametric double phase problem with Robin boundary condition. We prove two existence theorems. In the first the reaction is [Formula: see text]-superlinear and the solutions produced are asymptotically big as [Formula: see text]. In the second the conditions on the reaction are essentially local at zero and the solutions produced are asymptotically small as [Formula: see text].
Upregulation of Hallmark Muscle Genes Protects GneM743T/M743T Mutated Knock-In Mice From Kidney and Muscle Phenotype
Authors: Benyamini Hadar , Kling Yehuda , Yakovlev Lena , Becker Cohen Michal , Nevo Yuval , Elgavish Sharona , Harazi Avi , Argov Zohar , Sela Ilan , Mitrani-Rosenbaum Stella
Published: January 2020

Background:

Mutations in GNE cause a recessive, adult onset myopathy characterized by slowly progressive distal and proximal muscle weakness. Knock-in mice carrying the most frequent mutation in GNE myopathy patients, GneM743T/M743T, usually die few days after birth from severe renal failure, with no muscle phenotype. However, a spontaneous sub-colony remains healthy throughout a normal lifespan without any kidney or muscle pathology.

Objective:

We attempted to decipher the molecular mechanisms behind these phenotypic differences and to determine the mechanisms preventing the kidney and muscles from disease.

Methods:

We analyzed the transcriptome and proteome of kidneys and muscles of sick and healthy GneM743T/M743T mice.

Results:

The sick GneM743T/M743T kidney was characterized by up-regulation of extra-cellular matrix degradation related processes and by down-regulation of oxidative phosphorylation and respiratory electron chain pathway, that was also observed in the asymptomatic muscles. Surprisingly, the healthy kidneys of the GneM743T/M743T mice were characterized by up-regulation of hallmark muscle genes. In addition the asymptomatic muscles of the sick GneM743T/M743T mice showed upregulation of transcription and translation processes.

Conclusions:

Overexpression of muscle physiology genes in healthy GneM743T/M743T mice seems to define the protecting mechanism in these mice. Furthermore, the strong involvement of muscle related genes in kidney may bridge the apparent phenotypic gap between GNE myopathy and the knock-in GneM743T/M743T mouse model and provide new directions in the study of GNE function in health and disease.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves neurocognitive functions of post-stroke patients – a retrospective analysis
Authors: Hadanny Amir , Rittblat Mor , Bitterman Mor , May-Raz Ido , Suzin Gil , Boussi-Gross Rahav , Zemel Yonatan , Bechor Yair , Catalogna Merav , Efrati Shai
Published: January 2020

Background:

Previous studies have shown that hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can improve the motor functions and memory of post-stroke patients in the chronic stage.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of HBOT on overall cognitive functions of post-stroke patients in the chronic stage. The nature, type and location of the stroke were investigated as possible modifiers.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who were treated with HBOT for chronic stroke (>3 months) between 2008-2018. Participants were treated in a multi-place hyperbaric chamber with the following protocols: 40 to 60 daily sessions, 5 days per week, each session included 90 min of 100% oxygen at 2 ATA with 5 min air brakes every 20 minutes. Clinically significant improvements (CSI) were defined as > 0.5 standard deviation (SD).

Results:

The study included 162 patients (75.3% males) with a mean age of 60.75±12.91. Of them, 77(47.53%) had cortical strokes, 87(53.7%) strokes were located in the left hemisphere and 121 suffered ischemic strokes (74.6%). HBOT induced a significant increase in all the cognitive function domains ( p < 0.05), with 86% of the stroke victims achieving CSI. There were no significant differences post-HBOT of cortical strokes compared to sub-cortical strokes ( p > 0.05). Hemorrhagic strokes had a significantly higher improvement in information processing speed post-HBOT ( p < 0.05). Left hemisphere strokes had a higher increase in the motor domain ( p < 0.05). In all cognitive domains, the baseline cognitive function was a significant predictor of CSI ( p < 0.05), while stroke type, location and side were not significant predictors.

Conclusions:

HBOT induces significant improvements in all cognitive domains even in the late chronic stage. The selection of post-stroke patients for HBOT should be based on functional analysis and baseline cognitive scores rather than the stroke type, location or side of lesion.
Changes of the upper airway and bone in microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion: A cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) study
Authors: Yi Fang , Liu Siling , Lei Lei , Liu Ousheng , Zhang Lingling , Peng Qian , Lu Yanqin
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the changes of maxillary expansion and upper airway structure after microimplant assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

METHODS:

This retrospective study included 19 subjects (15 females and 4 males) aged 15–29 years old (mean, 19.95±4.39 years) with maxillary transverse deficiency treated with MARPE. CBCT was performed at the initial diagnosis and 3 months after MARPE treatment. Measurements were taken to evaluate the amount of total expansion, skeletal expansion, and dental expansion at the maxillary first premolar (P1), second premolar (P2), first molar (M1), second molar (M2) regions and upper airway changes.

RESULTS:

After MARPE treatment, the maxillary skeletal base expansion, skeletal expansion, alveolar expansion and dental expansion were achieved at the P1, P2, M1, M2 region. The nasopharyngeal volume significantly increased 8.48% after MARPE treatment compared with that before the treatment ( P < 0.05). The change of nasal lateral width (NLW) was also significantly different before and after MARPE ( P < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant change in the oropharyngeal, palatopharyngeal, glossopharyngeal and airway total volume (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

MARPE can produce more transverse bone expansion, relieve maxillary transverse deficiency and improve upper airway ventilation.