The Relationship between Thyroid Disease and Diabetes a Retrospective Descriptive Study
Authors: Afridi Muhammad Hussain , Ghaffar Tahir , Shah Akbar , Kawanl Shaista , . Nizamuddin 
Published: June 2023

From January of 2017 to January of 2018, 1,683 individuals seeking Endocrinology Department services at the Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC) in Peshawar, Pakistan were evaluated, and 350 of them were diagnosed with thyroid disease in addition to diabetes. Through analyzing the data, it was discovered that those suffering from both ailments had heightened thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, body mass index (BMI), and age. This data unmistakably shows that there is a favorable correlation between the two conditions. Reducing morbidity and mortality in individuals with both diabetes and thyroid disease may be achievable through timely diagnosis and appropriate care, as the data indicates. Furthermore, in the field of healthcare, the findings of this investigation have the potential to guide future research and policy decisions for HMCs and comparable healthcare environments, regarding the issue of diabetes and thyroid disease. Objectives: Endocrinology Department in HMC Peshawar's patients from Jan 2017 to Jan 2018 have their correlation between thyroid disease and diabetes extensively studied by this research's aim. Methods: From January 2017 to January 2018, all patients who were 18 years or older and underwent evaluation at the Department of Endocrinology in HMC, Peshawar were included in this retrospective descriptive study. Most of the patients who had thyroid disease and diabetes were female, comprising 71.7% of the sample, with an average age of 52.7 11.6 years. The mean BMI was 28.3 6.2 kg/m2. The mean TSH level of patients with thyroid disease and diabetes was found to be 5.8-2.5 mIU/L. Demographic and clinical data were collected through careful review of patient medical records. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level, treatment outcome, age, sex, BMI, and history of diabetes/thyroid disease were all noted in the gathered data. Results: In the department of endocrinology at HMC, 1683 patients were assessed during the study period, and among them, 350 were found to have thyroid disease and diabetes. As for gender division, most patients with both conditions were female (71.7%). Their average age was 52.7 11.6 years, and they had a mean BMI of 28.3 6.2 kg/m2. The TSH level in these patients averaged 5.8–2.5 mIU/L. On the whole, 97.1% of patients responded well to treatment, managing to either achieve remission or gain partial relief. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there is a positive correlation between diabetes and thyroid disease. The study also revealed that BMI, age, and TSH levels were significantly higher among those with diabetes and thyroid disease. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and effective management of both conditions to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes and thyroid disease. The results of this study can also be used to inform future research and healthcare policies to address the issue of diabetes and thyroid disease in HMC and other healthcare settings. Keywords: diabetes, thyroid disease, correlation, HMC Peshawar, BMI, TSH, treatment, morbidity, mortality