bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary patterns of archaea predominant in acidic environment
Authors: Bargiela Rafael , Korzhenkov Aleksei A. , McIntosh Owen A. , Toshchakov Stepan V. , Yakimov Mikhail M. , Golyshin Peter N. , Golyshina Olga V.
Published: July 2023

Background

Archaea of the order Thermoplasmatales are widely distributed in natural acidic areas and are amongst the most acidophilic prokaryotic organisms known so far. These organisms are difficult to culture, with currently only six genera validly published since the discovery of Thermoplasma acidophilum in 1970. Moreover, known great diversity of uncultured Thermoplasmatales represents microbial dark matter and underlines the necessity of efforts in cultivation and study of these archaea. Organisms from the order Thermoplasmatales affiliated with the so-called “alphabet-plasmas”, and collectively dubbed “E-plasma”, were the focus of this study. These archaea were found predominantly in the hyperacidic site PM4 of Parys Mountain, Wales, UK, making up to 58% of total metagenomic reads. However, these archaea escaped all cultivation attempts.

Results

Their genome-based metabolism revealed its peptidolytic potential, in line with the physiology of the previously studied Thermoplasmatales isolates. Analyses of the genome and evolutionary history reconstruction have shown both the gain and loss of genes, that may have contributed to the success of the “E-plasma” in hyperacidic environment compared to their community neighbours. Notable genes among them are involved in the following molecular processes: signal transduction, stress response and glyoxylate shunt, as well as multiple copies of genes associated with various cellular functions; from energy production and conversion, replication, recombination, and repair, to cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis and archaella production. History events reconstruction shows that these genes, acquired by putative common ancestors, may determine the evolutionary and functional divergences of “E-plasma”, which is much more developed than other representatives of the order Thermoplasmatales. In addition, the ancestral hereditary reconstruction strongly indicates the placement of Thermogymnomonas acidicola close to the root of the Thermoplasmatales.

Conclusions

This study has analysed the metagenome-assembled genome of “E-plasma”, which denotes the basis of their predominance in Parys Mountain environmental microbiome, their global ubiquity, and points into the right direction of further cultivation attempts. The results suggest distinct evolutionary trajectories of organisms comprising the order Thermoplasmatales, which is important for the understanding of their evolution and lifestyle.
A multi-method approach to selecting PRO-CTCAE symptoms for patient-reported outcome in women with endometrial or ovarian cancer undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Christiansen Mille Guldager , Pappot Helle , Jensen Pernille Tine , Mirza Mansoor Raza , Jarden Mary , Piil Karin
Published: July 2023

Background

Women with endometrial or ovarian cancer experience a variety of symptoms during chemotherapy. Patient-Reported outcomes (PROs) can provide insight into the symptoms they experience. A PRO tool tailored to this patient population can help accurately monitor adverse events and manage symptoms. The objective of this study was to identify items in the National Cancer Institute’s measurement system Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE®) appropriate for use in a PRO tool for a population of women with endometrial or ovarian cancer undergoing treatment with taxanes (paclitaxel or docetaxel) in combination with carboplatin.

Methods

A two-phase, sequential multi-methods approach was applied. In phase one, a comprehensive literature search was done to map the toxicity of the applied chemotherapeutics and phase III clinical studies. Phase two, which comprised selecting the PRO-CTCAE items, included discussions with and feedback from a patient advisory board, an additional literature search, and focus group interviews with senior oncologists and specialized oncology nurses. A national expert panel facilitated both phases in terms of carefully select items from the PRO-CTCAE library.

Results

Phase one identified 18 symptoms and phase two, three additional ones, leading to the inclusion of 21 PRO-CTCAE symptoms in the final PRO tool. Since PRO-CTCAE also contains one to three sub-questions on the frequency, severity, and interference with daily activities of symptoms, there were 44 potential items.

Conclusions

This study describes taking a multi-method approach to selecting items from the PRO-CTCAE library for use in a population of women with endometrial or ovarian cancer undergoing chemotherapy. By systematically combining diverse approaches, we carefully selected 21 clinically relevant symptoms covered by 44 items in the PRO-CTCAE library. Future studies should investigate the psychometric properties of this PRO tool for women with endometrial or ovarian cancer.
Sleep-disordered breathing due to parapharyngeal space plexiform neurofibroma in neurofibromatosis-1: a case report and literature review
Authors: Balakrishnan Manu Coimbatore , Bhatia Abhijeet , Deka Anuradha , Shunyu Brian N , Phukan Pranjal
Published: July 2023

Background

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant disorder with an incidence of 1 in 3000 births. Neurofibromas can occur anywhere in the body. Of all the head and neck tumours parapharyngeal space tumours constitute 0.5%. Neurofibromas can constitute about 9% of all the neurogenic tumours (41%) of the parapharyngeal space. Prevalence of nasal obstruction and obstructive sleep-disordered breathing symptoms due to Plexiform neurofibroma in Neurofibromatosis type 1 is rare amounting to less than 0.5% of cases of parapharyngeal space tumours.

Case presentation

We present a case report of a 24-year-old female patient of Neurofibromatosis type 1 who presented with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing symptoms due to Plexiform neurofibroma in the parapharyngeal space. She had complaints of progressive nasal obstruction with associated snoring, disturbed sleep, and daytime somnolence without any significantly large external neck swelling. She underwent excision of the right parapharyngeal tumor by combined trans parotid and transcervical approach. After histopathological examination, a diagnosis of Plexiform neurofibroma was made. On 1-year follow-up, she is doing well without any recurrence and her presenting symptoms of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing symptoms had improved.

Conclusion

The symptoms of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing symptoms need to be kept in mind while evaluating such patients and careful attention needs to be given to the patients who report disturbed sleep. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a multi-system disease which needs holistic care and approach. Such patients should be offered symptomatic treatment and leading questions on the quality of sleep should be asked. Any treatable cause of disturbed sleep like organic sleep disorder should be treated promptly in such patients.
Leveraging Learning Collectives: How Novice Outsiders Break into an Occupation
Authors: Kaynak Ece
Published: July 2023

Existing research depicts occupational learning as predominantly happening through formal education, situated learning, or a combination of the two. How career switchers might develop occupational skills outside of these established learning pathways is understudied. This paper examines how novice outsiders break into a skilled occupation by looking at the case of aspiring software developers attending coding bootcamps. Drawing on 17 months of fieldwork in the San Francisco Bay area, I find that bootcamps did not resemble either schools or workplaces, the two institutions that facilitate occupational learning. Instead, bootcamps scaffolded learning collectives—groups composed of peers and near peers who learn collaboratively and purposefully to reach a shared goal. Within learning collectives, aspirants progressed from novice outsiders to hirable software developers, despite limited access to proximate experts to learn from or legitimate peripheral participation opportunities. Three scaffoldings facilitated learning at bootcamps. First, peer team structures turned what is normally a solitary activity—writing code—into a collaborative endeavor and facilitated peer-to-peer knowledge exchange. Second, near-peer role structures engaged recent graduates in teaching and mentorship relationships with novices so that aspirants could access knowledge quickly and easily. Third, bootcamps encouraged aspirants to self-learn by reaching out to the expertise of the broader occupational community. This third scaffolding prepared aspirants for learning beyond the bootcamp curriculum and socialized them for an occupation with high learning demands. The outcome of this process was that novices pursuing an alternative mode of occupational entry developed both occupational skills and new self-conceptions as software developers.

Funding: This work was supported by a grant from Stanford Cyber Initiative.
Programa para Promoção de Competências Emocionais em Crianças para Educadores (PROMCE-E): Relato de Experiência
Authors: Mendes Deise Maria Leal Fernandes , Souza Ana Beatriz de Mota e , Soares Andréa Ribeiro da Costa de Jesus
Published: July 2023

A competência emocional é reconhecida como habilidade essencial para o desenvolvimento infantil, contribuindo para o bem-estar subjetivo, bom relacionamento interpessoal e desempenho acadêmico de crianças. Na fase escolar, por volta dos quatro/cinco anos, a mesma tem avanço expressivo, o que torna os professores agentes fundamentais nesse processo. Este estudo relatou a experiência de um projeto-piloto de implantação de um programa de promoção de competências emocionais em crianças dirigido a professores. Participaram seis professoras de educação infantil (M=40,6 anos), de duas escolas particulares do Rio de Janeiro e entorno, que preencheram instrumentos antes do início da implantação do projeto. Participaram ativamente de todas as etapas, demonstrando interesse pelos conteúdos e atividades. Seus relatos na entrevista final (gravados, transcritos e analisados) evidenciaram algumas conquistas nas competências emocionais das crianças, além de ganhos adicionais no autoconhecimento e satisfação das professoras com as atividades realizadas. Buscou-se refletir sobre o impacto desse programa e os desafios do projeto com foco no desenvolvimento da competência emocional das crianças. Acredita-se que esta proposta pode ser um diferencial em iniciativas voltadas para a melhora da vida acadêmica e a promoção de saúde dos educandos, ressaltando a importância da atenção ao desenvolvimento emocional infantil no ambiente escolar.
Páginas iniciais
Authors: Iniciais Páginas
Published: July 2023

Páginas iniciais
O Senado em duas décadas: social background dos senadores eleitos entre 1994 e 2014
Authors: Ribeiro Centeno Alison
Published: July 2023

Avaliando as vitórias nas disputas pelo Senado Federal e dividindo os partidos de acordo com seus posicionamentos na escala ideológica esquerda-centro-direita, objetiva-se demonstrar os padrões de recrutamento das bancadas ao longo de duas décadas. Observando suas diferenças em termos de diplomação e profissão, utilizando essas características da posição socio-ocupacional dos políticos para averiguar os níveis de experiência e os padrões de formação das carreiras políticas, constatou-se que há maior diferença entre os blocos ideológicos pelas profissões prévias em relação às diplomações, sendo que no Senado a expertise política foi um padrão, indistinto o social background dos políticos.
DfE research and consultation
Authors: Cowley Sue
Published: July 2023

The DfE recently published research into the impact of rising costs on early years providers, identifying key trends around sustainability of settings and issues with recruitment. The department has also launched a consultation into changing some of the regulatory requirements of the EYFS Statutory Framework. Sue Cowley explains more.
Effective and sustainable management in early years settings
Authors: Gillespie Emma
Published: July 2023

Without a good leader and staff who understand the needs of the children within the setting, it is unlikely to have a positive impact on a child's development. Emma Gillespie, early years educator, explains more, drawing on her research into settings rated Inadequate by Ofsted.
T-lymphocytes FoxP3+ and their interconnection with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus type 2: a pilot study
Authors: Kologrivova I. V. , Koshelskaya O. A. , Suslova T. E. , Kharitonova O. A. , Trubacheva O. A. , Kravchenko E. S. , Dmitriukov A. A.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: One of the common pathogenic links of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) is chronic low-grade inflammation, restricted by FoxP3+ T-regulatory lymphocytes.

AIM: To investigate the numbers of FoxP3+CD25hi and FoxP3+CD25lo T-lymphocytes, the subcellular localization of FoxP3 in them, and the production of the main cytokines in relation to clinical and metabolic parameters in patients with association of CAD and T2DM.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational single-center single-stage comparative study was conducted. The severity of atherosclerosis was assessed by calculating the Gensini Score index after coronary angiography. Absolute numbers and frequencies of CD4+CD25hiFoxP3+ and CD4+CD25loFoxP3+ T-lymphocytes were assessed in peripheral blood by flow cytometry. Imaging flow cytometry was used to determine the degree of FoxP3 translocation to the cell’s nucleus. Concentration of cytokines in blood serum and supernatants of mononuclear leukocytes’ cultures was determined by the multiplex analysis.

RESULTS: We recruited 57 patients with chronic CAD. Of these, T2DM was diagnosed in 22 patients. In patients with CAD and T2DM, the absolute numbers and frequencies of FoxP3+CD25lo cells were increased compared to patients with CAD without diabetes (1.15 (0.98; 1.73) vs. 0.96 (0.60; 1.15)% (р=0.046); 1.48 (1.05; 1.97) vs. 1.07 (0.71; 1.42) x107/L (р=0.025)). Patients with T2DM also had a higher level of translocation of FoxP3 to the nucleus of FoxP3+CD25lo cells (92.0 (86.4; 95.0) vs. 88.7 (80.0; 91.4)%, р=0.040) and increased concentration of the chemokine CCL22 both in blood serum (912 (828; 1061) vs. 669 (585; 738) pg/mL, р=0.022) and supernatants of LPS-stimulated mononuclear leukocyte cultures (1189 (851; 1310) vs. 539 (437; 949) pg/mL, р=0.038), which correlated with the presence of CD4+CD25hiFoxP3+ cells (Rs=0.587; p=0.044) and the triglyceride/glucose index (Rs=0.587; p=0.044). The identified changes were most pronounced in patients with moderately elevated values on the Gensini Score (17–45 points).

CONCLUSION: We are the first to show association between the numbers of FoxP3+CD25lo-lymphocytes in peripheral blood and an increase in the nuclear translocation of FoxP3 in them with the severity of atherosclerosis in patients with association of CAD and T2DM. These data justify the necessity of the further investigation of the diagnostic significance of FoxP3+CD25lo-cells as biomarkers of tissue inflammation.
Musculoskeletal disorders in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Balakhonova E. A.
Published: July 2023

The increased prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases is most often observed in diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to the general population. This is a common cause of disability. DM affects on all components of the musculoskeletal system, namely: muscles, bones and connective tissue. One of the unique diseases that occur only in humans with DM is diabetic myonecrosis. Other pathological conditions include: diabetic amyotrophia, adhesive capsulitis, diabetic cheiropathy, Dupuytren contracture, stenosing tendovaginitis of flexors, carpal tunnel syndrome, diabetic osteoarthropathy and others. Some of the complications have a known direct link to DM, while others have a suspected but unproven link. Musculoskeletal complications in people with DM receive less attention than life-threatening microvascular or macrovascular complications. However, these complications are underestimated and can lead to significant consequences. This review systematizes the prevailing knowledge about the influence of DM on the pathologies of the musculoskeletal system and the main mechanisms that underlie these disorders. The rest of the article is devoted to the clinical importance of early detection, diagnosis and treatment of these complications, which will help improve the prognosis of life. At the same time, the influence of DM on musculoskeletal disorders is insufficiently covered in the domestic literature, which was the purpose of this review.
Evaluating the Effect of Tool Wear in Soft Soil Using New TBM Tunneling Simulator Device
Authors: Nickjouye Tabrizi Amir Hossein , Chakeri Hamid , Darbor Mohammad , Amoun Sadegh , Shakeri Hadi
Published: July 2023

Cutting tool resistance to abrasion are among the most important factors in the efficiency of earth pressure balance (EPB)–tunnel boring machines (TBMs). Excessive wear negatively affects the operating parameters of the tunneling machine and reduces its efficiency. Considering the lack of a comprehensive and accepted method for the study of wear in soft grounds, this study sought to design and manufacture a TBM tunneling simulator to better understand the interaction between soil and cutting tools. For this purpose, after introducing a new machine manufactured in Sahand University of Technology (Tabriz, Iran), the effect of the density of two types of soil with different granulation and moisture on the wear of cutting tools under different conditions was investigated to simulate the TBM tunneling mechanism. The low rotational speed of the cutterhead (similar to EPB machines), continuous contact of the cutting tool with the intact soil, continuous injection of conditioning additives with specified injection pressure during the test, and horizontal operation similar to TBM are the most important features of this machine. The results indicated that an increase in the soil density from 1.5 to 2.0 g/cm3 at a moisture content of 7 % increased the maximum wear of cutting tools from 4.1 to 11.6 %. Accordingly, a similar trend was observed for moisture of 13 %. By studying wear at different densities and percentages of moisture, a decreasing trend of wear was observed under the same conditions at a higher moisture percentage. Furthermore, increasing the soil density initially increases the wear of cutting tools, although a further increase in the density causes clogging in the cutterhead, and no significant changes were observed in the amount of wear in this area. Finally, the results of some operational tests show that increasing the penetration rate and rotational speed of the cutterhead can decrease and increase tool wear under different conditions, respectively.
Genetically Defined Subtypes of Somatostatin-Containing Cortical Interneurons
Authors: Hostetler Rachel E. , Hu Hang , Agmon Ariel
Published: July 2023

Inhibitory interneurons play a crucial role in proper development and function of the mammalian cerebral cortex. Of the different inhibitory subclasses, dendritic-targeting, somatostatin-containing (SOM) interneurons may be the most diverse. Earlier studies used GFP-expressing and recombinase-expressing mouse lines to characterize genetically defined subtypes of SOM interneurons by morphologic, electrophysiological, and neurochemical properties. More recently, large-scale studies classified SOM interneurons into 13 morpho-electric transcriptomic (MET) types. It remains unclear, however, how these various classification schemes relate to each other, and experimental access to MET types has been limited by the scarcity of specific mouse driver lines. To address these issues, we crossed Flp and Cre driver lines with a dual-color intersectional reporter, allowing experimental access to several combinatorially defined SOM subsets. Brains from adult mice of both sexes were retrogradely dye labeled from the pial surface to identify layer 1-projecting neurons and immunostained against several marker proteins, revealing correlations between genetic label, axonal target, and marker protein expression in the same neurons. Lastly, using whole-cell recordingsex vivo, we analyzed and compared electrophysiological properties between different intersectional subsets. We identified two layer 1-targeting subtypes with nonoverlapping marker protein expression and electrophysiological properties, which, together with a previously characterized layer 4-targeting subtype, account for >50% of all layer 5 SOM cells and >40% of all SOM cells, and appear to map onto 5 of the 13 MET types. Genetic access to these subtypes will allow researchers to determine their synaptic inputs and outputs and uncover their roles in cortical computations and animal behavior.
Exhibir y juzgar lo distinto. Conservadurismo y neopopulismo en América Latina
Authors: Bernal Lugo Ricardo , Gaytán Alcalá Felipe , Valtierra Zamudio Jorge
Published: July 2023

En el presente texto se propone una distinción ideal-típica entre conservadurismos y fundamentalismos a partir de cuatro criterios: 1) la forma en la que identifican y nombran a quienes consideran como los otros; 2) la manera en que plantea la relación con quienes no se ajustan a su forma de pensar; 3) la forma en que se vinculan con el espacio público; y 4) el tipo de estrategias políticas que utilizan. A partir de esta distinción se analizó la posible relación entre nuevos liderazgos políticos y religiosos con discursos de corte populista y la aparición de grupos conservadores en América Latina, en general, y en México, en particular.
Multivariate analysis of seed yield and morphological characters of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) accessions
Authors: Murtadha M.A. , Adetoro S. , Shittu K.A.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Enhancement of okra fruit production requires identification of genotypes with promising seed yield attributes, thus multivariate techniques were employed to reveal genetic and morphological attributes of sixteen diverse okra lines during wet and dry seasons in 2019 at Teaching and Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Osun State University, Ejigbo Campus. Seeds were sown in single-row plots of 5 m long, spaced 0.70 m apart and 0.50 m within on sandy loam soil in a randomized complete block design. The dry season crop was supported by the application of 12 mm water weekly. Data collected on growth and seed traits were subjected to the General Linear Model (GLM), principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 2018). The petiole color was scored according to IPGRI (1991) square root transformed prior to the analysis. Results showed highly significant lines, season, and their interactions for almost all traits. Four PCAs accounted for 85.77% and the first two PCA captured 51% of the total variations. Both PCA and cluster analysis grouped the lines into four and revealed the potentials of SAHARI F1, NGB01197, and LD-88 for high seed yield. It is concluded that these lines can be incorporated into okra yield improvement program.
The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the condition of newborns depending on the mother’s COVID status: a retrospective study
Authors: Sutovskaya Diana V. , Burlutskaya Alla V. , Garbuzova Elena M. , Makunts Anastasia A. , Kuzmenko Anna V. , Gabdullina Ekaterina V. , Pyzhyanova Polina A. , Gorbacheva Lubov V.
Published: July 2023

Background. A novel coronavirus infection in newborns seems to be an unexplored problem, which encourages pediatric specialists to conduct in-depth research in this direction. The aim  of the study is the  impact of COVID status of mothers on the  condition of newborns. Material and  methods. A retrospective analysis of 554 newborn  histories (form 097/y) born from January 2021 to May 2022 was carried out in the Maternity Hospital in Krasnodar: 226 children from SARS-CoV-2 positive  women  at the time of delivery (group 1), 165 children  from women  who had SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy (group 2) and  165 children  from women  who did not have  SARS-CoV-2 in history during pregnancy (control group). Results. 42% of newborns from group 1 had  positive results of the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) study,  of which 36% had pneumonia. The frequency of preterm birth was: 29% in the group 1, 21% in the group 2, 13% in the control group. The gestational age 32–34 weeks was more  common in group 1. Children from the group 1 had a more  severe condition when  assessed on the  APGAR scale both  at the  first and  fifth minutes. Congenital pneumonia was more common among  patients of the groups 1 and 2 relative to the control, children from the group 1 more often  needed respiratory support  compared with  the  group 2 and  control  group. Conclusions: The SARS-CoV-2 virus  was  verified  in  42%  of children  born to mothers with a positive PCR at the  time of birth, while every third disease was accompanied by the  development of pneumonia. Coronavirus infection, regardless of the mother’s COVID status, is a risk factor for preterm birth, congenital pneumonia, and asphyxia. COVID-positive maternal  and neonatal status is associated with an increased need for respiratory support.
Vulvovaginitis in childhood and adolescence in a gynecologist practice
Authors: Karachentsova Irina V. , Sibirskaya Elena V. , Fomina Mariya M.
Published: July 2023

Background. The study  of the etiology and pathogenesis of vulvovaginitis in different age periods of girls in order to preserve their reproductive health.  Objective. The aim of the study is — to identify risk factors  for the development of vulvovaginitis at different girls  age  periods.  Methods. Retrospective  analysis  of information  from  electronic  medical  records  of 100 girls  of various  ages with inflammatory diseases of the  vulva and vagina treated on an outpatient basis. Results. Risk factors  identified: children in the period of neonatality and infancy this is an incorrect conduct of hygiene measures due  to insufficient awareness of parents;  in the period of neutral  childhood  — allergic reactions, somatic  diseases, antibiotic treatment, enterobiosis and childhood  masturbation, children in the period of acute  respiratory viral infections, inability to take  care of the genitals; in adolescent girls — the presence of chronic somatic inflammatory diseases, antibiotic therapy,  early onset of sexual activity, lack of contraception, non-compliance with personal  hygiene  rules, violation of menstrual hygiene,  belated access to a doctor. The main causative agents of vulvovaginitis in the period of neutral childhood were representatives of coccal flora and E. coli, in adolescence — Candida and microbial associations. Conclusion. Preventive conversations with patients and their parents about the identified risk factors for vulvovaginitis are necessary in order to prevent the development of inflammatory diseases of the genitals and to preserve reproductive health.
Peculiarities of differential diagnosis of malignant and benign ovarian tumors in girls (case report of immature teratoma of the ovary)
Authors: Sibirskaya Elena V. , Karachentsova Irina V. , Skapenkov Ivan N. , Naumenko Andrey A. , Petinov Ivan I. , Nikiforova Polina O.
Published: July 2023

Germ  cell tumors  are  a heterogeneous group  of tumors  differentiating from  primary germ  cells of  embryonic gonads and  their derivatives. This case  report demonstrates the diagnostic algorithm and diagnostic tactics of a rarely encountered histological type of ovarian germ cell tumor.
Sofisticação Financeira do CEO e Investimentos em P&D
Authors: Silva Márcio Fernando da , Bortoli Cassiana , Paiva Azevedo Francisco Gleisson , Oliveira Soares Rodrigo
Published: July 2023

O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a relação entre a Sofisticação Financeira (SF) do CEO e os investimentos realizados em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D), divulgados no resultado e no intangível. Para tanto, foram coletados dados das empresas listadas na B3 durante o período de 2011 a 2019 sobre a P&D e as características pessoais do CEO (experiências e formações) em diversas fontes. Para as análises foram utilizados métodos de análise fatorial, modelos de regressão probit e dados em painel com efeitos fixos. Constatou-se que, da amostra total, menos que 20% das empresas realizam gastos com P&D. Entre os setores econômicos, o que mais aplica recursos em P&D é o de tecnologia da informação. Quanto à SF do CEO, as evidências encontradas não permitem confirmar a hipótese da relação com a P&D. No entanto, os testes feitos com as dimensões acadêmica e profissional da SF apontaram que o CEO com níveis maiores da dimensão profissional tem a probabilidade de divulgar P&D no resultado, enquanto a dimensão acadêmica da SF tem relação negativa fraca com níveis de recursos aplicados em P&D e registrados no intangível.
Early neonatal sepsis in COVID-19 era
Authors: Karpova A. L. , Mostovoi A. V. , Dudkina E. А. , Avdei O. V. , Karpov N. Yu.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) remains the leading cause of serious mobility and mortality worldwide. At the present time, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of other infections is of particular interest. Aim: to conduct a comparative analysis of the features of the course of EONS in newborns before the COVID-19 pandemic (2018) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021). Materials and Мethods. A retrospective cohort single-center continuous study included 73 newborns born and hospitalized in the Regional Kaluga Perinatal Center (PC) based on Kaluga Regional Clinical Hospital. The data for the period of stay in the PC from January to October 2018 and the same period in 2021 were analyzed and compared. Newborns were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 26) – in 2018, and group 2 (n = 47) – in 2021. The following parameters of EONS severity were selected: the need for the use of norepinephrine, surfactant and fresh-frozen plasma (FFP). Results. The incidence of EONS in 2021 (n = 47) was significantly higher than in 2018 (n = 26): odds ratio (OR) = 3.27; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.57–6.40; p = 0,001. Gestational age and Apgar score at the 1st and 5th minutes were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2: 36.2 [33.3; 38.0] weeks vs. 33.3 [28.5; 36.1] weeks (p = 0.016); 7.0 [5.0; 7.0] vs. 5.0 [3.0; 7.0] (p = 0.019) and 9.0 [6.8; 8.0] vs. 6.0 [5.0; 8.0] (p = 0.012), respectively. Newborns with EONS in 2021 compared with 2018 showed a significant increase in norepinephrine administration of (42/47 vs. 16/26 newborns, respectively; OR = 5.25; 95 % CI = 1.58–17.44; p = 0.007), FFP transfusions (47/47 vs. 19/26 newborns, respectively; OR = 36.54; 95 % CI = 2.05–649.84; p < 0.001) and surfactant therapy (32/47 vs. 7/26 newborns, respectively; OR = 5.79; 95 % CI = 2.04–16.45; p = 0.001). Mortality among patients with EONS in 2021 compared to 2018 was significantly higher: 13/47 (21.3 %) vs. 2/26 (7.7 %) newborns, respectively (OR = 9.56; 95 % CI = 1.22–74.96; p = 0.014). Conclusion. Among the newborns of the Kaluga region there is a significant rise in the incidence and mortality of EONS on the background of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021 there is a significant increase in the need for surfactant administration, use of vasopressors, and transfusion of FFP in infants with EONS.
The Silverman–Andersen scale in the assessment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants: clinical and prognostic significance
Authors: Zavyalov O. V. , Ignatko I. V. , Il’enko L. I. , Pasechnik I. N.
Published: July 2023

The article discusses the historical features of the clinical formation of the diagnostic criteria of the Silverman-Andersen scale in the assessment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants. The epidemiology and clinical picture of the respiratory distress syndrome of newborn (infantile respiratory distress syndrome,) is given. The international practical experience of the clinical application of the rating scale in neonatology and neonatal resuscitation is presented. Modern aspects of further improvement of the neonatal scale in the primary and/or repeated visual assessment of the clinical picture of IRDS during monitoring of vital functions and intensive care of premature infants in the early neonatal period are analyzed. The important clinical and prognostic significance of the primary use of the Silverman-Andersen scale in the rapid assessment of the clinical course of ADRS in premature infants is emphasized with a targeted choice of tactics for starting respiratory support in the intensive care unit for newborns in the maternity hospital of the perinatal center of Yudin City Clinical Hospital (Moscow).
How to reduce a risk of venous thromboembolism while taking combined oral contraceptives
Authors: Bitsadze V. O. , Khizroeva J. Kh. , Solopova A. G. , Kvaratskheliia M. V. , Zabolotnaya D. Yu. , Xiaoxia Z. , Tretyakova M. V. , Tsibizova V. I. , Gashimova N. R. , Grigoreva K. N. , Gileva M. A. , Shkoda A. S. , Gris J.-Ch. , Makatsariya A. D.
Published: July 2023

The review presents data on the evolution of combined oral contraceptives (COCs), related most frequent and dangerous side effects including venous thromboembolism (VTE). The issue of VTE upon administration of COCs is highlighted, and the risks of such complication in patients receiving hormonal contraception are determined. The issues of the basic demands of women choosing COCs are considered as well as current opportunities to meet such requests by using novel drug groups with a high profile of efficacy and safety. Particular cases of optimal COCs choice for patients with specific comorbidities such as obesity, hirsutism, seborrhea, alopecia, acne, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), fibrocystic mastopathy, endometriosis as well as in case of gynecological surgical interventions are analyzed. The options of contraceptive therapy are proposed by taking into account individual female wishes (lack of weight gain, decreased libido, etc.).
Scenario Approach to the Study of the Directions of Regulation of the Sphere of Cryptocurrencies in the Russian Federation
Authors: Tymoshenko Andrey A. , Feyzov Vadim R. , Chernov Igor V.
Published: July 2023

The paper is devoted to the study of state regulation in the sphere of cryptocurrencies in the Russian Federation (RF). In the course of the study a scenario-cognitive model of the subject area is developed, as well as scenarios of possible options for the implementation of the management of socio-economic systems are obtained. The purpose of modeling is to assess the impact of cryptocurrency on social stability. A number of modifications of the model took into account the proposals of the regulatory authorities of the Russian Federation and the possible directions of legal regulation.
Overview of Digital Technologies for Anti-corruption Purposes
Authors: Stepanov Oleg A. , Basangov Denis A.
Published: July 2023

The article was prepared within the framework of analysis of the results of the events dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation. The article gives an overview of the possibilities of using digital technologies to counteract corruption. It is noted that a prerequisite for the successful realization of the benefits of digitalization of public practice is the availability of technological infrastructure, as well as improvement of the legal response associated with the implementation of technological policy. Anti-corruption practices related to Big Data processing (Big Data), distributed registers technology (blockchain), data mining technology (neural networks, artificial intelligence), crowdsourcing technology, and information technology that identifies corruption risks in the financial sector (Forensic Tools) are discussed in more detail. However, the realization of the potential of digitalization in this area implies the need to improve the legal response concerning the implementation of technological policies aimed at suppressing corruptive factors. In this regard, the role of individual judicial regulation as one of the ways to overcome legal gaps and conflicts increases.
Financial Law Science and New Institutional Structures
Authors: Karaseva Marina V.
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the current state of financial and legal science. It is emphasized that it performs descriptive and prognostic functions, and therefore, today, in the context of a rapidly changing legal reality, it accumulates material for the creation of a legal methodology. It is noted that attempts to change the concept of financial law as a branch of law, including not only public, but also private finance, are becoming more frequent. The reasons for the inconsistency of such a position are indicated. It is emphasized that the modern science of financial law "gives birth" to new institutional structures that require in-depth research. The main reason for this is the change in the subject of financial law, which today is defined through the category of "public finance". Special attention is paid to the enumeration of those financial and legal institutions that are generated by the expansion of the subject of financial law to the level of public finance, as well as other financial and legal institutions, in which have arisen today within the framework of budget and tax law. These include: the Institute of finance of state corporations and companies, the Institute of non-state monetary funds burdened with a public function, the Institute of deoffshorization, the Institute of treasury support, the Institute of treasury payments, etc.
Comparación de la violencia y agresiones sufridas por el personal de salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Argentina y el resto de Latinoamérica
Authors: Garcia-Zamora Sebastián , Iomini Pablo A. , Pulido Laura , Miranda-Arboleda Andrés F. , Lopez-Santi Pilar , Burgos Lucrecia M. , Perez Gonzalo E. , Priotti Mauricio , García Darío E. , Antoniolli Melisa , Musso Gabriel , Zaidel Ezequiel J. , Sosa-Liprandi Álvaro , Del-Sueldo Mildren A. , Lopez-Santi Ricardo , Vazquez Gustavo , Baranchuk Adrián
Published: July 2023

Objetivos. Explorar la frecuencia e impacto de la violencia contra los trabajadores de salud de Argentina y compararlo con el resto de sus pares de Latinoamérica en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal a través de una encuesta electrónica al personal médico y no médico de Latinoamérica que desempeño tareas asistenciales desde marzo de 2020. Se utilizó una regresión de Poisson para estimar las Razones de Prevalencia crudas (RP) y ajustadas (RPa) con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados. Un total de 3544 participantes de 19 países respondieron la encuesta; 1992 (56,0%) residían en Argentina. Entre los mismos, el 62,9% padeció al menos un hecho de violencia: 97,7% refirió violencia verbal y 11,8% violencia física. El 41,5% de los agredidos padecieron situaciones de violencia al menos una vez por semana. El personal de salud de Argentina vivenció más frecuentemente violencia que los de otros países (62,9% vs. 54,6%, p<0,001), siendo estos eventos más habituales y estresantes (p<0,05). Además, refirieron más frecuentemente haber considerado cambiar sus tareas asistenciales y/o deseos de abandonar su profesión (p<0,001). En la regresión de Poisson, los participantes deArgentina tuvieron una prevalencia de violencia mayor que los trabajadores de salud de la región (14,6%; p<0,001). Conclusiones. Existió una elevada prevalencia de violencia contra el personal de salud de Argentina durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Estos hechos tuvieron un alto impacto negativo entre quienes los padecieron. Nuestros datos sugieren que, esto podría haber sido más frecuente en Argentina respecto de otras regiones del continente.
Gender Role and Family Pattern in Kerala
Authors: Thomas Dr. Laisa
Published: July 2023

The most important determinants of family size are family structure and fertility. A wide change in the perception towards family has occurred in the minds of people of Kerala. Through demographic transition and the influence of Western culture, the traditional values have been greatly modified. The credit of positive trend observed in Kerala is due to the uniqueness of its culture evolved through the ages. One of the striking and most impressive changes that have taken place in the state during the last three decades is the decline in fertility. In the present context, a study was carried out among the women to analyse the factors that determine family size and the role of gender difference in it. From the study it is seen that the major family planning decisions were taken by the age of ‘35’. It is seen that in old-age, parents give more importance to physical security than financial security.
Effectiveness of Relaxation Handheld Fingertechnique and Benson Relaxation to the Changes Level of Post Operative Pain Sectio Caesarea in Rsi Sakinah Mojokerto
Authors: Windartik Emyk , Yuniarti Enny Virda , Akbar Amar
Published: July 2023

Pain after major or minor surgery will impact the anatomical and physiological changes in patients. Givinganesthetic is not always sufficient to eliminate the sensation of pain because the pain response of eachpatient is different. Postoperative pain caesarea section must be solved with non-pharmacological methodsof handheld eg relaxation techniques and relaxation benson finger. The purpose of this research was toprove efektikitas between both these relaxation techniques to changes in the level of postoperative painsection caesarea in RSI Sakinah Mojokerto. The researh design is pre experiment with methods of the twogroups without pretest-posttest control group. The population in the researh of 20 respondents with nonprobabilitysampling technique that was concecutive sampling, while the samples are 10 respondents in therelaxation group and 10 respondents handheld finger on relaksai group benson. Analysis of data usingunivariate analysis showed a decrease in pain level respondents in the relaxation group handheld finger 10respondents (100%), while the decrease in the level of pain in the relaxation group benson much as 8respondents (80%). Wilcoxon statistical test results showed ρ = 0.005 <α = 0.05, for relaxation handheldfingers and ρ = 0.016 <α = 0.05 for benson relaxation, so H0 was rejected it means there was the influenceof both good therapy relaxation techniques handheld fingers or relaxation benson but when comparedfingers handheld relaxation techniques more effectively to changes in the level of postoperative paincaesarea section. The results of this reseach recommended relaxation techniques and relaxation bensonfinger handheld can be used as a standalone action undertaken nonpharmacologic nursing nurses to reducethe level of postoperative pain caesarea section.
Perspective of Farm Gate Agroforestry Product in the Emergency of the Chepangs Community: A Case Study of Mega earthquake of Central Nepal
Authors: Chetry Mr. Raju , Kant Silwal Dr. Uma , Kanel Mr. Damodar
Published: July 2023

Agroforestry is one of the major sources of sustenance among the people of Nepal, and only one mode of livelihood at the Chepangs in present days. National Seismological Centre (NSC-Nepal), recorded mega earthquake (7.8 Mw) that hit the country on the 25th of April in 2015, and many of its aftershocks had catastrophic effects. As a result, big structures collapsed, which incurred great losses on fabrication, collection centers, schools, markets, and other potential government, and private service centers. Continue aftershocks, and after two weeks later another earthquake hit (6.3 Mw) jeopardize Chepangs food security in Makwanpur.

This study was designed to find out the food security, and market situation of agroforestry product of the Chepang community in Raksirang (One of the Severely affected VDC in Makwanpur district) due to the earthquake. A total of 40 households (12 %) were selected as a sample size. Questionnaires, Focus Groups Discussion (FGD), Observation, key informant interview tool were applied, and detail information from District Disaster Response Committee (DDRC), and emergency support agencies (UNICEF, WFP, PLAN, TEAR Fund) were consulted for additional narrative information.

The research illustrated that approx. 370 hectares of land, with agroforestry plantation, ruptured by the earthquake, caused severe damages to the household’s structure, and a loss of food-stock up to 2/3 portion. Instead of regular cereal (rice, maize, and vegetables) intake, banana (Musa paradisiaca) consumption was in high scale during the emergency period. The market price of rice increased by 18.9 % due to demand. Income variation found before, and after the disaster. Prior to earthquake, agroforestry-livestock product was accelerating, but after the earthquake, agroforestry remains the only one means of livelihood among Chepangs. Nearly, half of agroforestry production of banana (Musa paradisiaca), citrus (Citrus lemon), pineapple (Ananus comosus) and broom grass (Thysanolaena maxima) declined, which was ready to harvest within 2-3 weeks. Heavy demands of agroforestry product above lay high farm gate prices (Up to doubled) helps surveyed community to continue livelihood from its sale. Nearly, 75 % respondents migrated to safe location due to land rupture, ongoing aftershocks, and occurring landslides. Overall food security situation in this community is acute, and challenging for the days to come. Immediate, and long-term response through relief agency concerning food, shelter, and safe stocking of agroforestry product is required. Agroforestry plantation and technical support to increase production, and to balance the food security and livelihood for longer period are the upcoming challenges in the coming days.
Supposition: A Problem for Bilateralism
Authors: Kürbis Nils
Published: July 2023

In bilateral logic formulas are signed by + and –, indicating the speech acts assertion and denial. I argue that making an assumption is also speech act. Speech acts cannot be embedded within other speech acts. Hence we cannot make sense of the notion of making an assumption in bilateral logic. Attempts to solve this problem are considered and rejected.
Adquisición del fonema /b/ español por parte de hablantes italianos
Authors: Solís García Inmaculada , Cappelli Deborah
Published: July 2023

El propósito de este artículo es investigar la adquisición fonética de la pronunciación del fonema oclusivo bilabial sonoro /b/, uno de los fonemas que mayores problemas plantea al aprendiente italiano en su contraste con el español, en un contexto de didáctica formal a partir de su uso en diálogos task oriented (corpus E.L.E.I.). La metodología empleada para examinar el uso y la evolución de la pronunciación de este fonema en los diálogos del corpus es el análisis longitudinal y transversal en tres anualidades. Como resultados podemos señalar que se exploraron algunas de las variables que participan en la adquisición de este segmento fonético, proporcionando un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo. Este método nos permitió comparar nuestras observaciones con trabajos anteriores. Concluimos que la variedad fonética diatópica de la L1 influencia notablemente la interlengua en ELE. Además, una didáctica formal de la fonética favorece tomar conciencia de la función de los sonidos de la L2 en relación con la L1 y ayuda a erradicar la fosilización