bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Illness Perceptions in People with Chronic and Disabling Non-Specific Neck Pain: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Kragting Maaike , Pool-Goudzwaard Annelies L. , Coppieters Michel W. , O'Sullivan Peter , Voogt Lennard
Published: October 2023

Background
Illness perceptions can affect the way people with musculoskeletal pain emotionally and behaviorally cope with their health condition. Understanding patients illness perceptions may help facilitate patient-centered care. The purpose of this study was to explore illness perceptions and the origin of those perceptions in people with chronic disabling non-specific neck pain.
Methods
A qualitative study using a deductive and inductive analytical approach was conducted in 20 people with persistent (> 3 months) and disabling (i.e., Neck Disability Index ≥ 15) neck pain. Using a semi-structured format, participants were interviewed about their illness perceptions according to Leventhal’s Common Sense Model. Purposive sampling and member checking were used to secure validity of study results.
Results
Participants reported multiple symptoms, thoughts and emotions related to their neck pain, which continuously required attention and action. They felt trapped within a complex multifactorial problem. Although some participants had a broader biopsychosocial perspective to understand their symptoms, a biomedical perspective was dominant in the labelling of their condition and their way of coping (e.g., limiting load, building strength and resilience, regaining mobility, keep moving and being meaningful). Their perceptions were strongly influenced by information from clinicians. Several participants indicated that they felt uncertain, because the information they received was contradictory or did not match their own experiences.
Conclusion
Most participants reported that understanding their pain was important to them and influenced how they coped with pain. Addressing this ‘sense making process’ is a prerequisite for providing patient-centered care.
Beyond biophobia: positive appraisal of bats among German residents during the COVID-19 pandemic - with consequences for conservation intentions
Authors: Straka Tanja M. , Coleman Joanna , Macdonald Ewan A. , Rogge Svea , Kingston Tigga , Jacobs Maarten H.
Published: October 2023

Bats are often considered to be objects of biophobia, the tendency to respond with a negative emotion, such as fear or disgust, even more so during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, existing studies have rarely compared both positive and negative emotions towards bats, leading to a potential negativity bias. This is crucial as emotions are important in human behavior, in relation to bats, for instance, in bat conservation-related actions. In two online surveys conducted among German residents, we aimed to i) assess both positive and negative emotions toward bats, ii) examine emotional shifts during the pandemic, and iii) explore how emotions, along with socio-demographics, predict intentions for bat conservation actions. The first survey was undertaken ten months after the official declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic (December 2020 - January 2021), when bats gained societal attention due to speculation about the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the second twelve months later (January 2022). Overall, respondents held higher positive emotions than negative ones towards bats in both surveys, with no significant emotional shift observed. Positive emotions positively correlated with intentions for bat conservation actions, while negative emotions did not show such a connection. Although our findings might be context-specific to the German or European population due to EU legislation protecting bats and their habitats, they highlight the nuanced and complicated emotions that can be associated with certain species. Understanding these emotions can guide targeted conservation strategies and public outreach. Our results caution against overly generalizing biophobia discussions in conservation.
Mixed Reality Representation of Hazard Zones while Collaborating with a Robot: Sense of Control over Own Safety
Authors: Martin Ane San , Kildal Johan , Lazkano Elena
Published: October 2023

Safety is the main concern in human-robot collaboration (HRC) in work environments. Standard safety measures based on reducing robot speed affect productivity of collaboration, and do not inform workers adequately about the state of the robot, leading to stressful situations due to uncertainty. To grant the user control over safety, we investigate using audio, visual and audio-visual mixed reality (MR) displays that inform about the boundaries of zones with different levels of hazard. We describe the design of the hazard displays for scenario of collaboration with a real robot. We then report an experimental user study with 24 users, comparing performance and user experience (UX) obtained with the auditory display, the visual display, and the audio-visual display resulting from combining both. Findings suggest that all modalities are suitable for HRC scenarios, warranting similar performance during collaboration. However, distinct qualitative results were observed between displays, indicating differences in the UX obtained.
Optical Strain Engineering Enables Dynamic Spatial Control of 2D Nanomaterial Properties
Authors: Kadodwala Malcolm , Lalaguna Paula Laborda , Souchu Paul , Mackinnon Neel , Crimin Frances , Kumar Rahul , Chaubey Shailendra Kumar , Sarguroh Asma , McWilliam Amy , Ganin Alexey , MacLaren Donald , Franke-Arnold Sonja , Götte Jörg , Barnett Stephen , Gadegaard Nikolaj
Published: October 2023

In the era of next generation electronic technologies, the pursuit of reconfigurable circuitry is one of the key strategies for enhancing performance and functionality. The prevailing approach involves utilising individual components with dual functionality to provide reconfigurability. While valuable, this method remains an interim solution, necessitating a platform for recurrent circuitry redesign tailored to specific tasks. The realisation of this technological leap hinges on spatially resolved, dynamic manipulation of a material's electronic properties, an achievement demonstrated herein. We harness the optical forces and torques wielded by light beams endowed with orbital angular momentum to manipulate single monolayers of two-dimensional materials. We provide proof-of-principle evidence for the localised induction of strains that can be used to dynamically control electronic properties within a discrete area. This phenomenon, exemplified using graphene and WS2 monolayers, introduces a transformative paradigm of all-optical strain engineering. It offers an innovative strategy for reconfigurable devices, including the potential for reversible (write-erase-rewrite) optical patterning of electrical circuitry.
Design of IoT Wireless Programmer for Microchip AVR Microcontrollers’ OTA Firmware Updates
Authors: ahemd ahmed , Badawy Wael
Published: October 2023

Sensor Networks (WSN) are mainly composed of intelligent interconnected devices (things) that require remote ubiquitous over-the-air re-programming. Conse- quently, existing functionalities are updated, and firmware errors and security flaws are corrected along with the addition of new functionality. These enable their designated applications to be dynamically re-purposed. In this paper, a reliable design of an IoT Wireless Microchip ATMEL AVR Programmer device that provides firmware OTA updates utilizing Wi-Fi and LoRa technologies is proposed. It supports both the official Program and Debug Interface (PDI) and Tiny Programming Interface (TPI) for Microchip ATMEL AVR programming and debug- ging. TPI and PDI protocols are supported by the Microchip ATMEL AVR ATtiny and ATxmega family of microcontrollers. The research’s fundamental contribution is to realize wireless communication for the standard official Microchip ATMEL AVR Programmer for remotely writing, reading, erasing, and verifying a microcontroller’s Flash and EEPROM memories without the need for a custom bootloader. Simulations are performed utilizing the AVRDUDESS and the NetBurner Virtual COMM Port Converter applications that proved robust firmware OTA up- dating procedures. Experimental work is conducted on the AVR ATtiny10/20 and ATxmega32A4U microcontrollers, which proved an outstanding performance of sending a 6.315KB firmware file within 25 and 35 seconds using Wi-Fi and LoRa respectively.
Deep Learning for Autonomous Vehicle Object Detection
Authors: ARTHAM SAINITHIN , Borde Swarali , Shekhar Shashank
Published: October 2023

This research explores deep neural networks (VGG16, AlexNet,and GoogleNet) for object classification and detection in autonomousvehicles. We use public datasets like Udacity and Penn-Fudan. VGG16achieves near-perfect accuracy, AlexNet performs well, and GoogleNetexcels but with longer processing times. Balancing accuracy and efficiencyis crucial for real-time computer vision in autonomous driving.Future work may focus on transfer learning with VGG16 or dataset augmentation.This study provides insights for deep learning models to enhanceindependent vehicle safety and efficiency.
Implementasi Metode Fuzzy AHP untuk Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Peminjaman pada Koperasi Kredit Sejahtera
Authors: Wonoseto Muhammad Galih , Alfiandy Muhammad Yolan
Published: October 2023

Koperasi Kredit Sejahtera is a cooperative engaged in savings and loan services in the Bogor area. One form of KKS service to employees is by providing loan funds to help solve financial problems for employees. The problem faced by KKS so far is that decision-making activities in lending are still inadequate which results in non-performing loans or bad debts because the cooperative does not have a special system for decision making. Based on the problems that occur, researchers will build a decision support system that can handle credit problems using the Fuzzy AHP method using 9 criteria, namely salary, term, other loans, membership status, expenses, accuracy of previous payments, work, loan purpose and loan amount so that it can help the cooperative in determining the provision of loans to prospective creditors quickly, precise and accurate according to the ranking of the fuzzy AHP calculation results. Blackbox testing is carried out to test the achievement of the functional requirements of the system which shows that the functional requirements are met 100% of the total 8 functional consisting of 5 functional on admin actor and 3 functional on officer actor can be done/valid. UAT testing is used to test the achievement of non-functional requirements. By conducting a questionnaire to 16 respondents, the result is 100% valid and reliable. So that 100% of non-functional needs are successfully met.
Analisis Sentimen Terhadap Pengaruh Minat Belanja Berdasarkan Komentar di Marketplace Menggunakan Metode Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
Authors: Lasatira Gerry Santos , Hartomo Kristoko Dwi , Sembiring Irwan
Published: October 2023

Product reviews on the marketplace can provide useful information if they are properly processed. Product review analysis can be performed by merchants to obtain information that can be used to evaluate products and services. It is not enough to look at the number of stars in product review analysis activities; it is also necessary to look at the entire contents of the review comments to determine the intent of the review. This can be done manually in small quantities, but in large quantities, the system is more efficient. In order to understand the intent of the reviews, a system that can effectively analyze many reviews is required. Using the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) method, this study aims to analyze sentiment on the influence of shopping interest based on comments in the marketplace. The RNN model is trained to recognize positive and negative sentiments using data from the marketplace. The sentiment analysis results will be used to assess the impact on user shopping interest in the marketplace. Sentiment analysis was performed in this study using the RNN method in the GRU/LSTM training model with epochs. The researcher determined the epoch to achieve high accuracy. The data used for model training and testing is separated into training and testing data before it is used. A comparison of 80% of training data and 20% of test data is used to split data. This study uses a training model with 77 epochs and a batch size of 128 to create a system that automatically calculates comment sentiment in the marketplace with a 100% accuracy value and determines positive and negative sentiments.
Peran Digital Entrepreneurship Mindset: Keputusan Adopsi Platform Digital Bagi Pelaku Bisnis
Authors: Widyaningsih Dewi , Zusrony Edwin , Utomo Hardi
Published: October 2023

The research was conducted to analyze the influence of developing a digital entrepreneurship mindset as an impact of facing digital transformation for MSME actors by considering digital aptitude factors, digital literacy. Non-random sampling techniques were taken by 120 MSME actors and questionnaire distribution techniques by convenience sampling. Data analysis method to determine the relationship between variables with multiple linear regression and path analysis test (sobel test), data was processed using the IMB SPSS 25 application. Finding the results of digital aptitude t count 5,531 and digital literacy tcount 4,419 > ttable1,980 (level sig. 5%) have a significant effect on DEM and all simultaneous variables 47% influence the development of digital entrepreneurship mindset. Digital aptitude tcount 5,531 and digital literacy tcount 3,215> 1,980 have a significant effect on digital platform adoption decisions and variables simultaneously by 55% have an influence on adopting digital platforms. Meanwhile, the results of the DEM pathway test were significantly able to mediate the influence of digital aptitude Zhitung = 2 and digital literacy Zhitung = 2.854> 1.96 on digital platform adoption decisions.
Strategi Peningkatan Penjualan Produk Menggunakan Market Basket Analysis
Authors: Purwati Neni , Karnila Sri
Published: October 2023

Toko Galo-galo merupakan toko yang menjual hasil produk UMKM berupa makanan, yang awalnya hanya menjual produk somay, dengan semakin meningkatnya permintaan pelanggan, maka toko menambah aneka makanan frozen food seperti bakso, sosis, naget dan lain-lain. Melihat kebutuhan pelanggan yang beraneka ragam, maka salah satu strategi yang dilakukan yaitu menganalisis aneka produk apa saja yang dibeli secara bersamaan, sehingga dapat menjadi rekomendasi bagi toko dan bagian pemasaran mengenai kombinasi produk yang diminati pelanggan. Proses pemasaran dan dokumentasi penjualan sebelumnya dengan menggunakanan layanan whatsapp, proses seperti ini dirasa kurang efektif dan efisien. Market Basket Analysis dengan Algoritma apriori dengan tahapan pengumpulan data, pra-pemrosesan data, transformasi data, dan dengan bantuan tools Orange pada tahap analisis pola frekuensi tinggi, menghasilkan frekuensi itemsets dengan MinSupp 30% sebagai The Most Tree Items yaitu Naget Salam 250gr-Support 100%, Otak-otak Sanjaya(25)-Support 100%, dan Chikuwa Mini Shifudo 500gr-Support 96.67%, dari penerapan algoritma apriori stok barang dapat ditambahkan jumlah produknya pada 3 produk tersebut, sedangkan pembentukan pola association rule dan pengujian Lift Ratio dari MinSupp 30%, MinConf 90%, Max Rules 30k, didapatkan Consequent Min Items 1 yaitu Otak-otak Sanjaya(25)-Naget Salam 250gr dengan Support 100%, Confidence 100% dan Lift Ratio 1, serta Consequent Min Items 2 yaitu Otak-otak Sanjaya(25), Chikuwa Mini Shifudo 500gr-Naget Salam 250gr, dengan Support 96.7%, Confidence 100% dan Lift Ratio 1, ini menunjukkan pasangan produk 2 dan 3 itemsets tersebut dapat disandingkan letaknya, atau posisi produknya dapat diletakkan berdekatan.
Artırılmış Gerçeklik (AG) Teknolojisinin Tasarım Eğitiminde Etkileşimli Öğrenmeye Katkısı
Authors: Özaltun Gözde , Kahraman Mehmet Emin
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışma, günümüz teknolojisi kullanılarak temel tasarım eğitiminin hedefleri, gereklilikleri ve kazanımları çerçevesinde Z kuşağının öğrenme ihtiyaçlarına odaklanarak, artırılmış gerçekliğin etkileşimli öğrenme süreçlerine olan potansiyel katkısını incelemektedir. Teknoloji dünyasına doğmuş olan bugünün öğrencileri için eğitim süreçlerinin teknolojiyle uyumlu bir şekilde tasarlanması önemlidir. Artırılmış gerçeklik, öğrencilere somut deneyimler sunarak öğrenme sürecini daha etkileşimli hale getirebilir ve yaratıcı düşünme yeteneklerini geliştirebilir. Ancak AG teknolojisinin eğitim sürecindeki eksikliği, öğrencilerin potansiyelini tam olarak keşfetmelerini engelleyebilir. Temel tasarım eğitiminin güncellenmesi ve artırılmış gerçeklik gibi yeni teknolojilere entegre edilmesi, öğrencilerin daha etkili bir şekilde öğrenmelerine ve yaratıcılıklarını geliştirmelerine yardımcı olabilir. Yapılan literatür incelemeleri sonucunda tüm sanat ve tasarım alanlarında etkileşim seviyesi yüksek bir öğretim içeriğine sahip olan temel tasarım dersinde AG teknolojisinin ders materyali olarak kullanıma yeterli ölçüde yer verilmediği görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda yapılan çalışmanın gelecek araştırmalara yol gösterici bir kaynak olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Informe sobre aves raras en Euskadi en 2022
Authors: Arizaga Juan , Belamendia Gorka , Calleja David , Cañadas Javier , De Dios Carmelo , Gainzarain José Antonio , Gorospe Gorka
Published: October 2023

A través de este documento, el Comité de Rarezas de Euskadi (CRE) recopila la homologación de citas de aves raras en 2022 en Euskadi. Este Comité, creado al amparo del Comité Ornitológico de Euskadi (COE), ejerce su actividad para recopilar, estudiar y publicar todas las citas de especies o subespecies cuya presencia en Euskadi es accidental o irregular. A lo largo de 2022 se evaluaron un total de 173 citas. De todas ellas, 78 fueron homologadas, 9 se asignaron a categoría D, 1 a categoría E, 69 fueron rechazadas (no homologadas) y 16 quedaron pendientes de evaluación. Por otro lado, dado el alto número de citas registradas durante los últimos años, se eliminan de la lista de aves raras, desde el 1 de enero de 2023, el vencejo pálido Apus pallidusy el bisbita costero Anthus petrosus. Se añade como nueva especie el alzacola rojizo Cercotrichas galactotes, al producirse la primera cita para Euskadi en 2022.
Research of the effectiveness of the system of legal regulation of tax relations for operations with cryptocurrency currently in force
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Egorova Maria A. , Grib Vladislav V. ,   MGIMO University, Efimova Liudmila G. ,   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Kozhevina Olga V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University), Slepak Vitalii Yu. ,   Pen & Paper, Attorneys at Law
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the national practicies of direct and indirect taxation of income from cryptoassets in some countries of the world, including Russia, France, Italy, USA, Great Britain, etc. The authors study various approaches to the concept of cryptocurrency for the purposes of fiscal management: macroeconomic, cost, accounting, legal and institutional approaches. According to the authors position cryptocurrencies for tax reasons should be treated as a property and means of payment. Therefore, any income in cryptocurrencies received by taxpayers should be subject to personal income tax or corporate income tax, respectively. The recognition of cryptocurrencies as a means of payment (that is, private money) leads to the need to exempt taxpayers from paying value added tax in cases where cryptocurrencies perform these monetary functions in transactions performed by taxpayers, in particular, they perform the function of a means of payment. Payment of taxes on income of taxpayers received in cryptocurrencies can be carried out both in cryptocurrencies and in national (fiat) currencies. It is permissible to establish a tax declaration of transactions for cryptocurrency. The foundations of the legal regime of taxation of digital currencies in the Russian Federation have been formed. The problems of introducing effective taxation of cryptocurrency transactions in the Russian Federation are identified, as well as changes to tax legislation are proposed, in particular, clarification of the range of objects that can be classified as “digital currency”, synchronization with the law on digital financial assets, determining the tax base and implementing tax control of transactions with cryptocurrency. As the study showed, the approaches to indirect taxation are the most unified. Tax regulation is a potential incentive to reduce the speculative interest of participants in transactions with cryptocurrencies and increase the transparency of taxation of cryptocurrencies.
Legal aspects of liability for Holocaust denial in Russia (through the prism of Roman Yushkov case)
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Shulga Ruslan Yu.
Published: October 2023

The article expounds upon the issue of Holocaust denial and freedom of expression in the context of Roman Yushkov Case, who posted a link on his social network page to the article claiming that the number of victims of the Holocaust is greatly exaggerated and well below six million. Roman Yushkov’s was charged under Art. 281 Part 1 and Art. 3541 Part 1 of the Russian Criminal Code. A Jury acquitted him, having considered the arguments provided by the defence about Yushkov’s intentions only to stimulate a public debate about the number of the Holocaust victims by his publications. The Supreme Court upheld this decision. In this paper will examine the history and development of Holocaust denial, will examine Holocaust and other genocides laws globally. The author describe how the trend of the revisionism. Revisionism is an academic approach that recognizes that traditional narratives of history may not be entirely accurate and should be reviewed and revised as new information comes to the surface. At the national level have enacted a variety of laws, ranging the criminalize Holocaust denial and other genocides, Nazi ideology promoted through speech, symbols or public association or can be used to prosecute individuals who deny the Holocaust. These laws are intended to prevent the return any public reemergence of Nazi views. There are now essentially four types of regimes in this domain, in terms of scope of the offence of genocide denial. Most nations of the European Union (as well as Israel and Russian Federation) criminalize Holocaust denial. Despite the threat of criminal prosecution, however, Holocaust denial have taken on a cult-like following of their own on the internet. The article concludes about the contradictory of Russian law enforcement practice, Russian judicial system drawbacks, as well the system preparation of representatives of the legal profession.
Forecast and hedging of risks in decision-making by an investigator and a judge
Authors:   Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, Tsvetkov Yury A.
Published: October 2023

The study is aimed at determining the role and significance of forecasting in the professional activities of an investigator and a judge. Methodologically, the study is based on probability theory, signal theory, project management and risk management. The empirical basis of the study is criminal cases initiated against judges as well as against investigators and other law enforcement officials due to negligence. The data of judicial and criminal statistics are used. The author analyzes the empirical material and solves the problem of forecasting by applying the approach is due to the classification of investigative and judicial risks proposed by the author himself according to the nature and content of the consequences of their implementation on legal (formal and material) and social risks. A qualitative-quantitative methodology for assessing forensic and investigative risks developed by the author is proposed. The concept of hedging is introduced into scientific legal circulation as a system of ways to prevent or minimize the negative consequences of their occurrence. The main conclusion is made about the need for judges to master the scientific methods of forecasting and managing risks, as well as to establish clear criteria for liability for grave consequences as a result of gross judicial errors in forecasting.
Cases relating to the law of the sea: Issues of jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice
Authors:   MGIMO University, Vylegzhanin Alexander , Zinchenko Olga I. ,   Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The law of the sea (LOS) cases regularly appear on the International Court of Justice’s (ICJ) docket, allowing it to rule on important substantive aspects of this branch of international law. The article focuses on the way these cases have “carved” the Court’s approaches to jurisdictional issues throughout its history. Combining theoretic and practical considerations, the study explores and assesses each jurisdictional basis set forth in Art. 36 of the Statute of the ICJ through the lens of law of the sea disputes considered by the Court: special agreements, jurisdictional clauses of treaties and “Optional clause” declarations. The study also analyses the modern trends in the settlement of the law of the sea disputes in the ICJ, their root causes, the practical “strengths and weaknesses” of various jurisdictional tools for seizin the ICJ, as well as the consequences of some of its key judgments for the future of dispute resolution in the law of the sea. The article also challenges — from a purely legal standpoint — the relevant terms (jurisdiction, competence, reservations and conditions) used in academic sources, political discourse and even in official documents on the jurisdiction of the Court. Due to a variety of fora that may be chosen by States to refer the LOS disputes, the study offers a helpful recapitulation of how the Court’s general approaches to jurisdiction were applied in the specific context of the LOS cases, which may serve as a basis for further comparative studies of jurisdictional approaches of other bodies competent to deal with the LOS disputes, inter alia providing valuable information for decision-makers on the prospects of lodging a potential application.
Status of the victim in the adversary proceeding: Experience from Russia and recommendation for the Vietnam’s criminal procedures
Authors:   Ho Chi Minh City University of Law, Kim Chi Tran , Tuan Vu Tran ,   People’s Security University
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, most researchers believe that Russian Federation’s Criminal Procedure follows a mixed model instead of the traditional inquisitorial procedure model. Using the Russian Federation as an example, this article raises questions, including: How will the acquisition of adversarial elements affect the victim? Is the victim an independent party to participate in the adversary proceeding? Do the adversarial activities of the victim and the other subjects exist at the pre-trial stages? In Vietnam, with the limitation of the victim to participate actively in the adversary proceeding, it will be difficult for the victim to protect his or her legitimate rights and interests in criminal proceedings. He/she participates in the proceedings passively with the same role as witnesses. This article explores the role and position of the victim in the adversary proceeding of Russia. Analyzing the rights and obligations of the victim in the adversary proceeding, this article found that the victim in the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation is eligible to participate in the adversary proceeding as an independent party. Based on the results of research on the limitations of the victim’s role in Vietnamese criminal proceedings, the article discusses the significance of this study and proposes approaches to improve the victim’s participation in the adversary proceeding in Vietnam’s criminal justice system.
Legal framework, limits and standards for the application of the right to be forgotten: The experience of the European Union
Authors:   Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Oganesian Tigran D.
Published: October 2023

The right to be forgotten is the right of individuals to exclude, restrict or delete links and personal information on the Internet. The article focuses on the legal basis of the realization of the right to be forgotten. In this regard, the provisions of the previously existing Directive 95/46/ EC, the new EU data protection regulation, as well as the case law of the EU Court of Justice are analyzed. It is noted that despite the fact that the Directive did not directly provide for this right, nevertheless, its provisions allowed the EU Court to derive the right to be forgotten through an evolutionary interpretation. The author analyzes the doctrinal positions according to which the realization of the right to be forgotten can lead to censorship of the Internet. It is noted that if competing rights are not properly balanced, the right to be forgotten can lead to unjustified censorship on the Internet. Particular attention is paid to the legal positions of the EU Court, which in 2014, in a ruling in the Google Spain case, for the first time internationally enshrined the right to be forgotten. The arguments revealing the significance of this resolution for the subsequent realization of this right are given. With regard to extraterritorial application, it is noted that the EU Court of Justice is striving for a global application of the right to be forgotten, allowing member States to adopt more extraterritorial protective mechanisms. It is noted that until a consistent practice is formed, the right to be forgotten will continue to remain an “unpredictable” right. In conclusion, the author points out that only time is an indicator of whether the right to be forgotten can become the most effective way to establish a balance between government agencies, Internet service providers and Internet users.
Conceptual framework and system of the Model law of the Commonwealth of Independent States “On Protection of Consumers”
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Makarova Olga A. , Kovalevskaya Yuliya I. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2023

The article substantiates the need to improve the model consumer legislation of the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), which has become brewing in connection with fundamental transformational changes in social life, development of electronic commerce, the development of new standards upon sale of goods, works, services to consumers. The paper draws attention to the differences in processes of approximation (harmonisation) of the national legislations of the EU member states and approximation of laws of the CIS member states, notes the specifics of international cooperation within the CIS. Before proceeding to the presentation of one of the possible alternate for improving the CIS model law on protection of consumers, authors analyze the state of modern legal regulation in the European Union, solitary states of the Western Europe, the CIS member states. As a result, it is concluded that it is possible to take into account the achievements of foreign lawmaking in the development of regulatory decisions in a number of areas of consumer protection: extension of scope of consumer’s legislation, formulating additional guarantees for protecting consumer rights in the field of e-commerce, developing a system of cross-border consumer’s disputes, and others. The structure of the act of consumer’s legislation proposed by the authors is based on the focus of the Russian Federation on the codification of consumer’s legislation, as well as on the modern needs for a uniform complex normative legal act that conflate both general issues of regulation of consumer’s relations and special provisions relating to the protection of consumer rights in certain areas of social relations (electronic commerce, sale of food, pharmaceutical products, housing and communal services, tourism services) or consumers belonging to socially vulnerable groups of the population (minors, the elderly, the disabled).
Water infrastructure sustainability in Nigeria: a systematic review of challenges and sustainable solutions
Authors: Adeoti Oluwagbemi Samuel , Kandasamy Jaya , Vigneswaran Saravanamuthu
Published: October 2023

Using the PRISMA method, this systematic literature review synthesized findings from 15 studies to elucidate the key factors contributing to water infrastructure failure in Nigeria and propose evidence-based sustainable solutions. The study identified technical, financial, environmental, social, political, and institutional factors as predominant challenges in achieving water infrastructure sustainability. In response to these challenges, the researcher proposes a comprehensive ‘Sustainability Framework for Water Infrastructure’. This framework is designed to guide every stage of water infrastructure development, starting from pre-construction with an emphasis on inclusive project planning, followed by the construction phase where suitable techniques are utilized, and extending to the post-construction stage, focusing on efficient monitoring and management mechanisms. The study highlights the complexity of water infrastructure sustainability in Nigeria and underscores the urgent need for a structured and comprehensive approach to address this pressing issue.
Mujeres migrantes, movilidades cotidianas y fronteras urbanas en una ciudad de Argentina
Authors: Magliano María José
Published: October 2023

Este artículo reconstruye movilidades cotidianas de mujeres bolivianas y peruanas que residen en Córdoba, Argentina, y que migraron durante el periodo 1990-2010 al país. Para ello, analiza el modo en que las fronteras presentes en el interior de los espacios urbanos determinan y condicionan las prácticas espaciales de las poblaciones migrantes en los contextos de destino. Desde los aportes teóricos de la interseccionalidad y a partir de una metodología cualitativa que combina observación participante, entrevistas en profundidad y recorridos comentados con mujeres migrantes adultas durante 2009-2019, se parte de la premisa de que las prácticas espaciales de estas mujeres mixturan restricciones a la movilidad marcadas por la existencia de fronteras urbanas y, al mismo tiempo, circulaciones legitimadas bajo determinadas condiciones. La argumentación principal sostiene que estas fronteras se van reactualizando con base en un “saber moverse” de las mujeres migrantes que actúa en los modos de habitar la ciudad.
Opieka pielęgniarska nad pacjentem z ostrym zespołem wieńcowym po koronarografii
Authors: Słomczewska Daria , Antczak-Komoterska Anna
Published: October 2023

Wstęp. Na podstawie literatury oraz artykułów naukowych w pracy precyzyjnie zobrazowano anatomię ludzkiego serca, charakterystykę ostrego zespołu wieńcowego, epidemiologię i etiologię. Omówiono objawy i powikłania ostrego zespołu wieńcowego. Przedstawiono kwalifikacje pacjenta do koronarografii oraz udział opieki pielęgniarskiej nad pacjentem po angiografii tętnic wieńcowych. Scharakteryzowano problemy, z którymi boryka się pacjent oraz zaproponowano interwencje pielęgniarskie, biorąc pod uwagę wywiad z chorym i przeprowadzone badanie fizykalne.

Cel. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie zadań pielęgniarki oraz określenie problemów pielęgnacyjnych pacjenta z ostrym zespołem wieńcowym po przeprowadzonym zabiegu koronarografii.

Prezentacja przypadku. Pacjent, lat 66, przyjęty w oddział intensywnej opieki kardiologicznej, z powodu bólu w klatce piersiowej, zlokalizowanym za mostkiem, o charakterze pieczenia, który promieniuje do lewej ręki, pojawiającej się duszności, kołataniem serca i potliwością. Obecnie pacjent jest w I dobie po koronarografii. Chory nie zgłasza dolegliwości bólowych ze strony serca, jednak informuje o bólu, zaczerwienieniu oraz zasinieniu w miejscu nakłucia. Pacjent odczuwa niepokój związany ze swoim stanem zdrowia, czuje się osamotniony, jego nastrój jest średni. Chory wymaga pomocy personelu pielęgniarskiego w czynnościach samoobsługowych.

Wnioski. Zaczerpnięte twierdzenia opracowane w pracy na podstawie piśmiennictwa, artykułów naukowych oraz zastosowaniu wdrożenia procesu pielęgnowania wobec pacjenta z ostrym zespołem wieńcowym po koronarografii w poprawny i oczywisty sposób ukazują zaangażowanie pielęgniarek wobec pacjenta. Opieka pielęgniarska nad chorym po koronarografii polega przede wszystkim na: monitorowaniu parametrów życiowych chorego i ich dokumentowanie, systematycznym ocenianiu miejsca nakłucia tętnicy, obserwowaniu pacjenta, podaży leków przeciwbólowych na pisemne zlecenie lekarskie, ocenianiu poziomu nasilenia niepokoju, udzieleniu wsparcia oraz rzetelnych informacji na temat przebytego ostrego zespołu wieńcowego i przeprowadzonego zabiegu koronarografii. Bardzo ważnym działaniem jest także edukacja pacjenta, której zadaniem jest wyrównanie wiedzy oraz zapewnienie choremu niezbędnych umiejętności do lepszej samoopieki.
El problema de la reducción dimensional. Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA)
Authors: Pernice Sergio A.
Published: October 2023

En este trabajo de investigación se presenta la técnica de Principal Component Analysis (PCA), y su aplicación práctica al aprendizaje automático (machine learning). La intención es abordar la problemática de la reducción dimensional o compresión de datos. A partir de un análisis intuitivo, se espera acercar a los economistas y otros profesionales de las ciencias sociales estas ideas que, generalmente, resultan ajenas a sus discusiones.
Analysis and comprehensive assessment of the development and application of the neural network dialogue system ChatGPT
Authors: Machueva D. A. , Baraev D. R. , Bechurkaev T. M.-A.
Published: October 2023

Objective. Today, significant and in many ways sensational results are being achieved in the field of artificial intelligence systems, and the ChatGPT bot, which is based on the GPT-3 neural network, is called a real revolution in the world of technology.

The aim of the study is to analyze and evaluate the application features, advantages and limitations, as well as development factors and reasons for the extraordinary popularity of the neural network dialogue system ChatGPT.

Method. A review of domestic and foreign sources, systematization of data, analysis of the architecture and mechanism of action of the neural network was carried out. Result. Functions, opportunities, scopes and risks of using ChatGPT are summarized and evaluated.

Conclusions. The main function of ChatGPT – text generation based on given input data – allows to effectively solve a wide range of tasks that have not been automated before, and the quality of the solution is comparable to human work. However, it is important to avoid the risks associated with the possibility of abuse and receiving incorrect and malicious responses from artificial intelligence. This requires control measures, the development and introduction of standards and norms.
Correction of the optimal regulator based on solving the inverse problem of optimal stabilization with vector control
Authors: Nikulin V. V. , Mishin P. A. , Mishina P. A.
Published: October 2023

Objective. The problem of designing controllers that implement a given programmed movement of a controlled object and the problem of determining the movement of a dynamic system are two main problems in classical control theory. This article discusses the solution of direct and inverse optimal stabilization problems. The state vector is assumed to be completely available for measurement.

Method. Based on the optimality ratio linking the weight coefficients of the quadratic quality functional and the optimal gain matrix, which closes the control object, it is proposed to use a numerical method for determining the functional matrices. Mathematical models of autonomous fully controlled objects were used for the study, the formation of which was carried out randomly, in particular, according to the normal distribution law.

Result. The initial stage of the solution is associated with modal synthesis, the result of which is a proportional regulator that provides stabilization of the control object by the location of the poles of the synthesized system. The next step is to determine the weighting coefficients of the functional by numerically solving the optimality ratio. The final stage is the solution of the direct optimal stabilization problem, which is based on the Lagrange variational problem. As a result, the optimal regulator is calculated, which, when switched on in a closed system instead of a modal one, reduces the duration of the transient process.

Conclusion. The proposed approach of the authors allows minimizing to a certain extent the transients of the adjusted control system.
Using biometric data to protect information
Authors: Vlasov K. N. , Tolstykh O. V. , Isaev O. V.
Published: October 2023

Objective. An urgent task is to evaluate the system for protecting access to information while minimizing errors, based on the use of human biometric data. It is necessary to evaluate and compare methods and solutions of biometric authentication, and the possibility of combining them.

Method. The method for assessing and comparing biometric authentication methods and solutions is based on practical experience and regulatory and technical documentation on the use of biometric data for information security purposes. It is necessary to complicate the possibility of unauthorized access to information. At the same time, improving the system should not worsen the comfort of a legitimate user when trying to access. The remaining tasks are to reduce entry time and simplify the system.

Result. An assessment of biometric authentication methods and solutions was carried out and a solution was proposed for the development of biometric authentication systems to protect against unauthorized access, the key criteria in which were the complexity of hacking, user comfort, login time and simplification of the system.

Conclusion. The optimal solution in the development of biometric authentication systems would be to use multi-factor authentication using dynamic parameters of the access subject. A modern biometric authentication system should be installed taking into account the level of security required at the time.
Research of thermoelectric null-thermostat
Authors: Evdulov O. V. , Magomedov D. A. , Magomedov R. M. , Shikhabidov K. A.
Published: October 2023

Objective. The purpose of the study is to develop and study the design of a thermoelectric null-thermostat, characterized by low power consumption, in which high accuracy of temperature stabilization of the reference junctions of differential thermocouples is achieved by placing them directly near the water-ice interface.

Method. The study was carried out on an experimental model of a thermoelectric null-thermostat. To study heat transfer processes, visual observation of the movement of the ice-water interface in the null-thermostat chamber was carried out. Temperature values were recorded at the lower and upper bases of the chamber, as well as at the hot and cold junctions of the thermoelectric module (TEM) using thermocouples.

Result. The dependences of the change in temperature of the upper and lower base of the working chamber, as well as the phase boundary over time, the duration of time for complete ice penetration on the TEM supply current, and the temperature difference, respectively, between the surface of the cold junction of the TEM and the lower base of the working chamber were obtained , the surface of the hot junction of the thermal module and the upper base of the working chamber.

Conclusion. It has been established that the speed of movement of the phase boundary strongly depends on the value of the supply current of the thermoelectric battery, which corresponds to the heat flow at the upper and lower base of the working chamber. As follows from the data presented, the change in temperature of the upper base is more noticeable than the lower one. At a current of 2, 4 and 6 A, the speed of movement of the phase boundary is 0.007 m/h, 0.01 m/h and 0.013 m/h, respectively. In this case, the duration of complete melting of ice, corresponding to the duration of operation of the null thermostat, when the TEM supply current changes from 2 to 7 A, is reduced from 1,91⋅104 s to 1,38⋅104.
Practical Malware Analysis
Authors: Elizarov D. A. , Katkov A. V.
Published: October 2023

Objective. Currently, the main method of attack on organizations is malware. The problem of strengthening protection against this type of attack remains relevant and requires new approaches. The main task is to analyze malware to assess threats and timely detection and take action.

Method. For analysis, you should use an isolated environment with a customized environment and software.

Result. This paper describes the process of creating an isolated stand for malware analysis and conducted a practical analysis of the malware.bin file taken from the cyberdefenders.org educational resource. Network interfaces are configured to prevent impact to the network that connects the two virtual machines. As a result of the analysis of the techniques and features used in this malware, it was revealed that it belongs to the Dridex family of banking Trojans. To obtain information from this family, you can use the AppGate Lab Dridex Toolkit.

Conclusion. Based on the analysis performed using static and dynamic methods, detection rules can be developed for further identification of malware.
Predicting and Empowering Health for Generation Z by Comparing Health Information Seeking and Digital Health Literacy: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Jiao Wen , Chang Angela , Ho Mary , Lu Qianfeng , Liu Matthew Tingchi , Schulz Peter Johannes
Published: October 2023

Background

Generation Z (born 1995-2010) members are digital residents who use technology and the internet more frequently than any previous generation to learn about their health. They are increasingly moving away from conventional methods of seeking health information as technology advances quickly and becomes more widely available, resulting in a more digitalized health care system. Similar to all groups, Generation Z has specific health care requirements and preferences, and their use of technology influences how they look for health information. However, they have often been overlooked in scholarly research.

Objective

First, we aimed to identify the information-seeking preferences of older individuals and Generation Z (those between the ages of 18 and 26 years); second, we aimed to predict the effects of digital health literacy and health empowerment in both groups. We also aimed to identify factors that impact how both groups engage in digital health and remain in control of their own health.

Methods

The Health Information National Trends Survey was adopted for further use in 2022. We analyzed 1862 valid data points by conducting a survey among Chinese respondents to address the research gap. A descriptive analysis, 2-tailed t test, and multiple linear regression were applied to the results.

Results

When compared with previous generations, Generation Z respondents (995/1862, 53.44%) were more likely to use the internet to find out about health-related topics, whereas earlier generations relied more on traditional media and interpersonal contact. Web-based information-seeking behavior is predicted by digital health literacy (Generation Z: β=.192, P<.001; older population: β=.337, P<.001). While this was happening, only seeking health information from physicians positively predicted health empowerment (Generation Z: β=.070, P=.002; older population: β=.089, P<.001). Despite more frequent use of the internet to learn about their health, Generation Z showed lower levels of health empowerment and less desire to look for health information, overall.

Conclusions

This study examined and compared the health information–seeking behaviors of Generation Z and older individuals to improve their digital health literacy and health empowerment. The 2 groups demonstrated distinct preferences regarding their choice of information sources. Health empowerment and digital health literacy were both significantly related to information-seeking behaviors.