bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching by the flipped classroom model – challenges and suggestions for Vietnam
Authors: Tieu Thi My Hong
Published: April 2023

The flipped classroom model is currently the model of teaching typically concerned after the Covid-19 epidemic in developing countries. Responding to the epidemic is situation, ending the epidemic in the classroom is reversed into the trend of modern education. More and more lecturers are approaching the model that combines digital learning outside the classroom and directly interactive activities in class. However, the effective use of flipped classroom is a current issue. The points in this study are drawn from the synthesis, and analysis of documents which are domestic and foreign works on the flipped classroom and personal experiences. After that, the article is going to give several suggestions to use the model effectively in Viet Nam.
School cultural values to students in the context of school autonomy in finance: a case study in a public secondary school in Ha Noi
Authors: Nguyen Dieu Cuc
Published: April 2023

The literature on school autonomy in secondary schools in Viet Nam and the international context has highlighted the need for further studies on the impacts of school autonomy on school culture. To fill this research gap, this paper explores key features of school cultural values to students in the context of school autonomy in finance based on the theoretical framework of Schoen & Teddie (2008). The article employs a qualitative research design with data collected from 26 semi-structured interviews and 27 observations in a public self-financed secondary school in Ha Noi. Research findings present four key school cultural values, namely students first, making every effort for student’s success, no student left behind and respecting student autonomy. The research findings could be a source of reference for public secondary schools in Viet Nam in the context of increasing school autonomy and accountability.
Genetic Diversity and Relationship of Durian (Durio spp.) Germplasm Based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Region: In Silico Analysis
Authors: Mursyidin Dindin Hidayatul , Makruf Muhammad Irfan , Aliannur Nico
Published: April 2023

Durian (Durio spp.) is a germplasm with a relatively high species diversity, with an estimated 27 species worldwide. However, the existence of several species has been threatened. This study aimed to reconstruct the DNA barcode of the durian and its relatives (Durio spp.) and analyze the genetic diversity and its relationship based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Sixteen sequences of durians ITS were collected from GenBank (NCBI) and analyzed in silico using the BLAST, MultAlin, and MEGA-X software, then reconstructed phylogenetically by the UPGMA and Maximum Likelihood methods. The results show that the ITS region of Durio spp. has a base length of about 702 bp, where several mutations occur, substitution (transversion and transition) and indel (insertion and deletion). At the nucleotide level, this germplasm shows a relatively high diversity of 0.065. The cluster analyses (UPGMA and Maximum Likelihood) can separate this germplasm into four clusters and five main clades, respectively. In this study, D. zibethinus, the most popular species in the Durio genus, is closely related to D. lowianus and far from D. griffithii. This information is beneficial as reference data to support durian conservation and breeding programs, locally and globally, especially in Indonesia.
Evaluation of role of serum prolactin & ki-67 in different stages of breast cancer
Authors: Sagar Pallavi , Kumar Sandeep , Krishna Neha Mala , Kumar Manish , Keshari J R
Published: April 2023

Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women. Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone secreted from anterior pituitary gland which stimulates cell proliferation, survival of cancer cells, its migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Breast cancer is strongly associated with raised plasma Prolactin level (PRL). The Prolactin behaves like Growth Hormone and its actions by the growth-promoting JAK/STAT pathway suggests its tumor-promoting effects.

Ki-67 a Nuclear Protein is highest in Luminal B, Ki67 are not related to age but is correlated with tumor size. Fraction of Ki-67 positive tumor cells correlates with the clinical course of cancer cells. Hence, Ki- 67 can be an effective target in cancer therapy. Ki-67% and Serum Prolactin level may be considered a valuable biomarker in breast cancer patients and be used in treatment, follow-up and Prognosis.
Emotions and Consumption: Media Representations in the Discourse of Some British and Polish News Websites
Authors: Duda Aneta
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis referring to the dominant ways of portraying consumption on some Polish and British websites during a pandemic—either as a social practice with huge chances to consume less or as a significant factor which affects economic growth. On the one hand, the circumstances surrounding the coronavirus could provide an opportunity to “fast-forward” some of the changes required. On the other hand, journalists recommend a quick return to pre-COVID-19 consumption lives, a stimulation of consumption in order to save the national economy.

The article uses a framing analysis to examine consumption-related texts from two most-read, opinion-forming Polish and British websites—polityka.pl and bbc.com. The framing analysis focuses on the practices involved in the shaping of public discourse; it responds to the need for research into the social significance of consumption.

It turns out that the two frames of consumption as 1) overconsumption in terms of the need of change in consumer attitudes and behaviour and 2) a factor that affects economic growth are not the dominant ways of portraying this phenomenon during a pandemic. The everyday consumption frame was found to be used more often than the aforementioned frames.
Long-Distance Cycling Routes: Economic Impacts and Best Practices
Authors: Depew Elizabeth , Smith Jordan W.
Published: April 2023

Outdoor recreation managers as well as municipal and county economic development specialists can help diversify local, regional, and state economies by developing long-distance cycling routes and supporting bicycle tourism. In this research note, we outline 10 best practices focused on route planning and maintenance and four best practices focused on marketing bicycle tourism. The best practices are grounded in the experiences of practitioners who have developed long-distance cycling routes and academics who have studied their economic impacts. Outdoor recreation managers as well as municipal and county economic development specialists can apply the best practices in their own programs and partnership efforts and amplify the economic benefits of bicycle tourism.
De desadaptaciones y reiteradas violencias : la distancia entre la película Magallanes y la novela La pasajera
Authors: Vich Cynthia
Published: April 2023

Dejando atrás el criterio de «fidelidad» en la aproximación a la adaptación fílmica, este artículo analiza las relaciones entre la película Magallanes y la novela La pasajera con énfasis en la función performativa del film como objeto cultural. A través de un análisis del retrato crítico que hace Magallanes de las dinámicas sociales de la Lima y el Perú actuales, se examina la elaboración simbólica de los vínculos entre los sujetos y el espacio urbano hecha por la película. Asimismo, se propone que Magallanes denuncia la normalización de distintas formas cotidianas de violencia que reproducen en el presente una lógica de jerarquización y abuso que supuestamente debía haber quedado en el pasado.
Impact of loss of confidence in the UK on the domestic and global economy
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Rheza
Published: April 2023

Purpose — This research examines the effects of loss of confidence caused by tax cuts in the UK on the domestic and worldwide economies.Method — The G-Cubed model is used to simulate a 5% shock to risk premiums in the UK. G-Cubed is a multi-country, multisector, intertemporal general equilibrium model used to analyse a range of policies in international commerce, tax reform, and environmental regulation. Combining the finest elements of three study fields—econometric general equilibrium modelling, international trade theory, and contemporary macroeconomics—is intended to close the gaps between them.Result — UK currency surplus in non-shocked nations leads to exchange rate decline and capital flight, reducing the capital stock and raising interest rates. Loss of confidence prompts households to discount income, resulting in lower domestic consumption and increased savings, coupled with a decrease in private investment. The UK currency's decline improves net exports but eventually causes a drop in real GDP, with falling investment and consumption exceeding rising net exports. Capital outflows and depreciation lead to inflation, mainly in the short term. However, capital outflows from the UK benefit non-shocked countries by raising capital, investment, capital stock, consumption, and real GDP.Contribution — The present study contributes to the academic literature by offering novel insights into the impact of loss of confidence caused by tax cuts on the economies in both, the UK and other countries, by employing G-Cubed model.
Traveling preferences in Madhya Pradesh post COVID-19
Authors: Kishnani Namrata , Sharma Vivek
Published: April 2023

Purpose — Travelling preferences and expectations play a dominant role in influencing tourists’ decision-making and choice of destination. Tourism sector is undergoing recovery from COVID-19, showing strong signs of change with the surge in domestic tourism in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. People’s priorities and expectations post-COVID-19 are going through continuous reformations under several socioeconomic and psychological makeup. Therefore, the research is conducted with the prerogative of understanding the traveling preferences of tourists post-COVID-19 towards the choice of tourism products.Method — The research follows a descriptive cum explanatory research design to study tourism prospects in Madhya Pradesh, known as Tiger state of India, which is popular for wilderness indigenous or heritage tourism. The data is collected through close-ended questionnaire from prominent tourist locations of Madhya Pradesh during 3-4 months of peak season and analyzed through descriptive statistics. Result — The study reflects the expectations of tourists concerning factors such as safety, hygiene, public works, quality of services, etc which affect their decision for choosing a destination and likelihood areas of expenditure.Contribution — The study is a unique account of research work on prospects of domestic tourism in Madhya Pradesh post-COVID-19. It fills the existing gap in the literature and will be facilitative for further studies and marketers alike for bringing resilience to the sector, understanding tourist’s preferences after any health or national emergencies.
Modern Concepts on the Clinic and Diagnosis of Primary Vasculitis of the Central Nervous System
Authors: Fomina N. V. , Yakovlev A. Yu. , Utkina E. V.
Published: April 2023

Primary vasculitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a rare form of unknown cause vasculitis that affects the vessels of the brain, spinal cord and meninges without systemic damage. It was found that the average age of the onset of the disease was 50 years. Clinical manifestations depend on the caliber of the affected vessels. The most common initial symptoms are headache and vascular cognitive impairment associated with small vessel involvement. The development of stroke and focal symptoms is interrelated with vascular cognitive impairment and manifests as the lesion of the middle/large cerebral arteries. PACNS is difficult to diagnose, since symptoms of vasculitis outside the central nervous system are rare, serologic markers of inflammation are normal. The analysis of cerebrospinal fluid is usually abnormal due to a moderate nonspecific increase in the level of total protein or the number of leukocytes. Deviations from the norm (cerebral infarction, sometimes tumor-like lesions) are detected according to the data of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in 97 % of patients with PACNS. Angiography has low sensitivity and low specificity, since it allows to verify vasculitis of only middle and large cerebral arteries, revealing segmental narrowing. To detect inflammation of the blood vessels, as well as to exclude other diseases, it is necessary to perform a biopsy of the substance and the soft membranes of the brain.
DO CONSUMERS REALLY CARE ABOUT SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING ACTIVITIES? EVIDENCE FROM NETFLIX’S TURKISH AND GERMAN FOLLOWERS IN SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: YAPRAK Burak , CENGİZ Emrah
Published: April 2023

This study investigates the direct effect of social media marketing activities SMMA conducted through firm-generated content (FGC) on purchase intention (PI) and the indirect effects of consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) and consumer-brand engagement (CBE). To understand how the content produced by Netflix on social media platforms such as Instagram, Twitter and Youtube drives consumers with different characteristics. Namely, data were collected from two countries, 203 from Turkey and 235 from Germany, through an online survey. The analysis method of the data is variance-based partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM), and SmartPLS is employed. While none of the SMMA directly affect the PI of Turkish participants, the customization has an effect on PI for German participants. According to the results of the analysis of the data collected from the Türkiye, it is determined that CBBE has a partial mediation (competitive) effect in the relationship between entertainment and PI, and CBBE has a full mediation in the direct effect of trendiness on PI. On the other hand, it is determined that CBBE has a full mediation effect in the direct effect of interaction, trendiness and eWOM on PI for German participants. The mediating role of CBE, which is proposed as a new mediator to fill the gap in the literature, is not confirmed in both samples.
Biodiversity-food trade-offs when agricultural land is spared from production
Authors: Palmer Charles , Groom Ben , Sileci Lorenzo , Langton Steve
Published: April 2023

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework proposes to address biodiversity decline by expanding areas under conservation. Biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes, the world’s predominant land use, could involve sparing, or setting aside, agricultural land from production, implying biodiversity-food trade-offs. Employing bird species and agricultural data, we undertake a novel empirical analysis of such trade-offs on a set-aside scheme implemented in England between 1992-2007. Expanding set-aside increases bird species abundance and richness by, respectively, 1.2-2.1% and 0.7-0.9%, but has no impact on diversity (Shannon-Wiener index). These effects are discontinuous, subject to thresholds in set-aside areas. A minimum 3% of agricultural land set aside is required for a positive effect on biodiversity while 13% of agricultural land generates a 15-25% and 30-35% increase in abundance and richness, respectively. Estimates of short- and long-run effects show that impacts are larger in the long-run. Expanding set-aside is also associated with a 10-17% decline in cereal output, with weak evidence of an attenuating land-sparing effect on yields. Our results suggest that although biodiversity-food trade-offs are likely in high-yield agricultural landscapes, such as those in England, the risk of a reduction in food supply could be minimised in settings where there is still scope for intensification.
The predictive value of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist indexes for the outcome of patients with severe hemorrhagic stroke
Authors: Tang Yun , Yu Tao , Niu Sha , Wang Kui , Wu Nianlong , Wang Guiliang , Fan Zhen , Yao Lin
Published: April 2023

Objective: This study assessed the predictive value of electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi) and the EAdi-derived monitoring index in the outcome of patients with severe hemorrhagic stroke. Methods: Ninety patients with severe hemorrhagic stroke were admitted to the neurosurgery intensive care unit of Yijishan Hospital from April 2019 to June 2021 and were divided into the good outcome group (Glasgow Outcome Scale [GOS] ≥4) and poor outcome group [GOS]≤3). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate prediction accuracy. Results: EAdi, neuro-ventilatory efficiency (NVE), and neuro-muscular efficiency (NME) in patients with good outcome were significantly higher than those in patients with poor outcome (4.707 µV vs 2.80 µV, P < 0.001; 141.85 ml/µV vs 66.01 ml/µV, P = 0.000; 2.57 cm H2O/µV vs 1.37 cm H2O/µV, P = 0.000). The area under the ROC curve for the EAdi score was 0.719, with sensitivity of 69.70% and specificity of 68.42% when EAdi was 3.6 µV. The AUC for NVE score was 0.793, with sensitivity of 75.76% and specificity of 77.19% when the NVE value was 95.32 ml/µV. The AUC for NME score was 0.792, with sensitivity of 69.70% and specificity of 78.95% when the NME value was 2.06 H2O/µV. The 6-month survival time of patients with higher EAdi, NVE, and NME was significantly longer than that of patients with lower EAdi, NVE, and NME. Conclusion: EAdi, NVE, and NME can be used as indices for predicting the outcome of patients with severe hemorrhagic stroke.
Trial registration: No.ChiCTR1900022861. Registered April 28, 2016, http:// www.chictr.org.cn
Both cell autonomous and non-autonomous processes modulate the association between replication timing and mutation rate
Authors: Vardi-Yaacov Oriya , Yaacov Adar , Rosenberg Shai , Simon Itamar
Published: April 2023

Cancer somatic mutations are the product of multiple mutational and repair processes, both of which are tightly associated with DNA replication. Mutation rates (MR) are known to be higher in late replication timing (RT) regions, but different processes can affect this association. Systematic analysis of the mutational landscape of 2,787 tumors from 32 tumor types revealed that approximately one third of the tumor samples show weak association between replication timing and mutation rate. Further analyses revealed that those samples have unique mutational signatures and are enriched with mutations in genes involved in DNA replication, DNA repair and chromatin structure. Surprisingly, analysis of differentially expressed genes between weak and strong RT-MR association groups revealed that tumors with weak association are enriched with genes associated with cell-cell communication and the immune system, suggesting a non-autonomous response to DNA damage.
Anti-viral chimeric protein RetroMAD1™ potently block SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and propagation
Authors: Chan Lee-Chin , Yassim Aini Syahida Mat , Leow Thean Chor , Sabri Suriana , Yahaya Radin Shafierul Radin , Bakar Awang Muhammad Sagaf Abu
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 is a disease caused by the highly transmissible and pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 virus. Since its first case was documented in 2019, it has rapidly widespread and has caused millions of deaths worldwide. Many intervention strategies targeting these proteins have been developed. However, frequently mutation of SARS-CoV-2 poses a challenge to the effectiveness of current treatments. Therefore, it is critical to develop new therapeutic drugs against this disease. In this present study, in silico approach was used to study the interaction between RetroMAD1™and SARS-CoV-2 proteins including Spike proteins (S), 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro). The interaction of these viral proteins and RetroMAD1™ was performed through HDOCK server and visualised using PyMOL. Docking results revealed that all the complexes of SARS-CoV-2 proteins binding with RetroMAD1™ have relatively high docking scores. The binding energy of RetroMAD1™ complexes with SARS-CoV-2 S, 3CLpro, PLpro were − 15, -12.3 and − 15.4, respectively. RetroMAD1™antiviral efficiency and cytotoxicity was also evaluated using EpiAirway™ Model. In vitro validation of viral inhibitory effect of RetroMAD1™was performed with 3CLpro Inhibition Assay. The outcome showed that RetroMAD1™ represents a potential drug candidate against SARS-CoV-2 for its promising viral inhibitory effect.
SILAR-Based Synthesis of Cd-Doped CuS Nanocrystalline Thin Films and their Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Bhosle Pankaj P. , Nimbalkar Siddharth D. , Jare Sandeep K. , Pandit Vishal A. , Rode Mahadev N.
Published: April 2023

The Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) approach was used to fabricate Cd doped CuS nanocrystalline thin films. On the optical, structural, morphological, and electronic properties of Cd doped CuS films, the influence of a 3% Cd doping concentration was investigated. The cubic phase crystal structure of the Cd doped CuS thin was revealed by XRD measurements to be polycrystalline. The bonding of the CuS semiconductor material was verified by FTIR spectra, which also displayed the emission bands of the films. The surface morphology of the produced films changes with the concentration of Cd doping, according to the FESEM data. In the UV visible spectroscopy, a blue shift in the optical band gap was identified. Under the irradiation of sunshine, the photocatalytic activity of Rhodamine B was investigated. The degradation efficiency increased nearly 97% as Cd concentration increased.
Nitrate radicals suppress biogenic new particle formation from monoterpene oxidation
Authors: Li Dandan , Huang Wei , Wang Dongyu , Wang Mingyi , Thornton Joel , Caudillo Lucía , Rörup Birte , Marten Ruby , Scholz Wiebke , Finkenzeller Henning , Marie Guillaume , Bell David , Brasseur Zoé , Curtius Joachim , Dada Lubna , Duplissy Jonathan , Gong Xianda , Hansel Armin , He Xu-cheng , Hofbauer Victoria , Junninen Heikki , Krechmer Jordan E. , Kurten Andreas , Lamkaddam Houssni , LEHTIPALO Katrianne , Lopez Brandon , Ma Yingge , Mahfouz Naser , Manninen Hanna E. , Mentler Bernhard , Perrier Sebastien , Petäjä Tuukka , Pfeifer Joschka , Philippov Maxim , Schervish Meredith , Schobesberger Siegfried , Shen Jiali , Surdu Mihnea , Tomaz Sophie , Volkamer Rainer , Wang Xinke , Weber Stefan , Welti André , Worsnop Douglas , wu yusheng , Yan Chao , Zauner-Wieczorek Marcel , Kulmala Markku , Kirkby Jasper , Donahue Neil , George Christian , El-Haddad Imad , Bianchi Federico , Riva Matthieu
Published: April 2023

Highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) are a major source of new particles affecting Earth’s climate1,2. HOM production from the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) occurs during both day and night, and can lead to new particle formation (NPF)3,4. However, NPF involving organic vapors has been reported much more often during daytime3-6 than during nighttime7,8. Here, we show that the nitrate radicals (NO3) - which arise predominantly at night – inhibit NPF during the oxidation of monoterpenes based on three lines of observational evidence: NPF experiments in the CLOUD chamber at CERN; radical chemistry experiments using an oxidation flow reactor; and field observations in a wetland that occasionally exhibits nocturnal NPF. Nitrooxy-peroxy radicals formed from NO3 chemistry suppress the production of ultra-low volatility organic compounds (ULVOCs) responsible for biogenic NPF, which are covalently bound RO2 dimer association products. The ULVOC yield of α-pinene in the presence of NO3 is one-fifth of that resulting from ozone chemistry alone. Even trace amounts of NO3 radicals, at sub parts per trillion level, suppress the NPF rate by a factor of 4. Ambient observations further confirm that when NO3 chemistry is involved, monoterpene NPF is completely turned off. Our results explain the frequent absence of nocturnal biogenic NPF in monoterpene-rich environments.
The diagnostic value of ratio biomarkers for periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Wang Xinjie , Zheng Zhongren , Wang Jialiang , Ma Hui , Wang Guodong , Zhao Xiaowei
Published: April 2023

Background
The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains challenging. Currently, there is no single test marker for PJI that has an acceptable level of sensitivity. To enhance diagnostic accuracy, ratio or combined tests have been introduced. Blood testing is crucial as the first step in clinical testing, so this article aims to improve diagnostic efficiency by combining blood test markers.
Methods༚
We conducted a retrospective data collection of 288 patients who underwent total hip or knee joint revision surgery in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2023. A total of 227 patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: PJI group (89 cases) and aseptic loosening group (138 cases). Blood test indicators were collected preoperatively as diagnostic indicators for PJI. New diagnostic parameters were formed by combining the indicators through ratios. The diagnostic value of all biomarkers was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC), and the optimal cutoff value, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were further calculated using the Youden index.
Results༚
The PJI group showed significantly higher levels of ESR, CRP, PLT, CLR, ELR, PMR, PLR, SII, and CRP/ALB compared to the aseptic loosening group. The diagnostic performance of serum ratio biomarkers including CRP/WBC, CLR, CRP/FIB, CRP/ALB, CRP/GLB, and CRP/AGR were all above 0.900, with AUCs of 0.902, 0.913, 0.900, 0.908, 0.915, and 0.915, respectively, indicating excellent diagnostic value. CRP/ALB and CRP/AGR had higher diagnostic performance than traditional serum biomarkers ESR (AUC = 0.840) and CRP (AUC = 0.913), with sensitivities of 80.9% and 88.8%, and specificities of 89.9% and 83.3%, respectively.
Conclusion
Compared with traditional markers ESR and CRP, the new ratio combination significantly improved the accuracy and reliability of PJI diagnosis (P < 0.001), among which CRP/ALB and CRP/AGR have good discriminative ability.
The effect of Stress of COVID-19 Pandemic on Sexual Quality Of Life Female and Couples' Relationship Running title: Covid-19 and Sexual quality of life and Couples' Relationship
Authors: Abedi Parvin , Rahmanian Vahid , Ranjbar Afsaneh , jamali safieh , ahmadi zahra
Published: April 2023

Background
This study was conducted to determine the The effect of Stress of COVID-19 Pandemic on Sexual Quality Of Life Female and Couples' Relationship in women
Methods
The participant of this cross sectional study consisted of 395 women who employed online questionnaires using Google Form as the platform in the Iran between November 2022 and December 2022. the data gathering tool was The sexual quality of life-female (SQOL-F), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale(DASS), Relationship Rating Scale (RAS), fear of COVID-19 Scale. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, In the analytical statistics section, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc test and Univariate and Multiple linear regression were used.
Results
The mean score of the sexual quality of life in the participating women was 64.82 ± 11.93, 18.28 ± 4.48 from DASS, 22.48 ± 4.30 from RAS,and 12.88 ± 3.93 from fear of COVID-19 scale. The effect of fear of COVID-19, DASS, and age on sexual quality of life in women was significant and inverse (P < 0.05). This means that with an increase in the score of fear of COVID-19, DASS, and age the mean score of sexual quality of life decreases by 0.419, 0.136, and 0.582 respectively.
Conclusions
the anxiety and stress caused by covid-19 can reduce relationships and sexual performance and reduce the quality of sex. In this regard, studies are suggested a description of prevalence and psychological, communicative and sexual consequences in the country be taken so that vulnerable families can be identified with proper planning and the necessary psychological interventions can be adopted.
The global estimate of premature cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of age-standardized mortality rate
Authors: Hasani Wan Shakira Rodzlan , Muhamad Nor Asiah , Hanis Tengku Muhammad , Maamor Nur Hasnah , Wee Chen Xin , Omar Mohd Azahadi , Cheng Kueh Yee , Karim Zulkarnain Abdul , Hassan Muhammad Radzi Abu , Musa Kamarul Imran
Published: April 2023

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant cause of premature mortality worldwide, with a growing burden in recent years. Despite this, there is a lack of comprehensive meta-analyses that quantify the extent of premature CVD mortality. Study addressed this gap by estimating the pooled age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of premature CVD mortality. Methods We conducted a systematic review of published CVD mortality studies that reported ASMR as an indicator for premature mortality measurement. All English articles published as of October 2022 were searched in four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). We computed pooled estimates of ASMR using random-effects meta-analysis. We assessed heterogeneity from the selected studies using the I2statistic and performed subgroup analyses by sex, main CVD types, income country level, and study time. The analysis was performed using R software with the “meta” and “metafor” packages. Results A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. The estimated global ASMR for premature CVD mortality was 27.0 per 100,000 people (95% CI: 20.13, 36.21), with heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 99%). Subgroup analysis showed that ASMRs varied by CVD type, with the highest rate for total CVD (ASMR = 96.04, 95% CI: 67.18, 137.31), followed by ischemic heart disease (ASMR = 15.57, 95% CI: 11.27, 21.5) and stroke (ASMR = 12.36, 95% CI: 8.09, 18.91). There were also sex-specific differences, with higher ASMRs for males (37.50, 95% CI: 23.69, 59.37) than females (15.75, 95% CI: 9.61, 25.81). Middle-income countries had a significantly higher ASMR (90.58, 95% CI: 56.40, 145.48) compared to high-income countries (21.42, 95% CI: 15.63, 29.37). Stratifying by study time suggests a reducing trend in ASMR for premature CVD mortality from 2000–2019. Conclusions This meta-analysis synthesized a comprehensive estimate of the worldwide burden of premature CVD mortality. Our findings underscore the continued burden of premature CVD mortality, particularly in middle-income countries. Addressing this issue requires targeted interventions to mitigate the high risk of premature CVD mortality in these vulnerable populations.
Detection of virulence genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw beef for retail sale in the markets of Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia
Authors: Dorjgochoo Amgalanzaya , batbayar Anujin , Tsend-Ayush Altansukh , Erdenebayar Otgontsetseg , Byambadorj Bayarlakh , Yandag Munkhdelger , Jav Sarantuya
Published: April 2023

Background
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a highly virulent pathogen that causes foodborne illness, food poisoning, skin and soft tissue infections, abscesses, mastitis, and bacteremia. It is common for meat and meat products to become contaminated with S. aureus due to dirty hands, food storage conditions, food production processes, and unhygienic conditions, causing food poisoning. Therefore, we aimed to detect virulence genes and S. aureus contamination in raw beef for retail sale.
Methods
In this study, samples of raw beef were collected from 100 retail market stalls in Ulaanbaatar. S. aureus was detected according to the ISO 6888-1 and ISO 6888-2:2003 standard, and the nucA gene encoding the species-specific thermonuclease was amplified and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the strains of S. aureus found in the samples, the genes encoding the virulence factors sea, sed, tsst, eta, etb, and mecA were amplified and detected by multiplex PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results
Thirty-five percent of the studied samples were contaminated with S. aureus. Antibiotic resistance was then assessed in these strains, and highest rates of resistance were determined to be to ampicillin (97.1%), oxacillin (88.6%), and penicillin (88.6%). Six virulence genes were detected by multiplex PCR in the S. aureus strains isolated from meat, and the penicillin-binding protein PBP 2A and its encoding gene mecA, enterotoxin A (sea), and toxic shock syndrome toxin (tsst) were identified in 17.1% of the samples. Moreover, cytotoxic toxin type a was identified in 5.7% of the samples, type b in 11.4%, and enterotoxin D (sed) in 2.9%.
Conclusions
The results show that S. aureus contamination is high in raw meat for retail sale, and the strains are resistant to antibiotics. These data indicate that there is a high risk for food poisoning caused by S. aureus in raw meat and that complications during its treatment are possible. S. aureus strains isolated from meat contain genes coding for both heat-resistant and nonresistant toxicity factors and are highly pathogenic, so it is necessary to ensure proper hygienic conditions during meat preparation and sale.
Neuroimaging and Neurocognitive Outcomes in Older Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Correa Denise D. , Vachha Behroze A. , Baser Raymond E. , Koch Adrian , Wong Phillip , Gohel Suril , Giralt Sergio , Root James C.
Published: April 2023

Background
Many patients with hematological malignancies treated with stem cell transplantation (SCT) experience cognitive dysfunction. However, few studies have investigated treatment-related neurotoxicity in older adults with multiple myeloma (MM) treated with high dose chemotherapy (HDC) and autologous SCT (HDC/ASCT). In this study, we examined gray matter (GM) volume, resting state functional connectivity (RSFC), neurocognitive function (NF), and proinflammatory cytokines (PCy) in older patients with MM pre- and post-HDC/ASCT.
Methods
Eighteen MM patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging, neurocognitive tests, and serum PCy measurement prior to HDC/ASCT, and fifteen patients completed follow ups an average of five months post-HDC/ASCT.
Results
There were significant decreases in RSFC from pre- to post-HDC/ASCT in (1) the central executive network (CEN) involving the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right posterior parietal cortex (p = 0.022), and (2) the CEN involving the right posterior parietal cortex and the salience network involving the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (p = 0.029); these comparisons were no longer significant after multiple comparisons correction. There were no significant changes in GM volumes or NF, except for improvement in attention (Digit Span Backward, p = 0.03). There were significant increases in several PCy post-HDC/ASCT (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusions
This pilot study showed decreased RSFC involving the left frontal, right posterior parietal and right anterior cingulate cortices in MM patients post-HDC/ASCT, relatively stable NF, and increases in PCy. These findings are congruent with studies in patients with hematological malignancies and other cancers and provide supporting evidence for the vulnerability of frontoparietal regions to chemotherapy adverse effects.
Nutrient patterns in relation to insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction in Iranian women
Authors: Dehghani Farimah , Hajhashemy Zahra , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Yazdannik Ahmadreza , Falahi Ebrahim , Saneei Parvane , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Purpose
Prior studies have mainly focused on the association of one specific nutrient with insulin resistance (IR) and endothelial dysfunction and limited studies have assessed the relationship with different nutrient patterns (NPs). We examined the association between various NPs and IR and endothelial dysfunction among Iranian women.
Method
This cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 368 female nurses. A 106-items food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was applied for dietary assessments. Factor analysis was conducted to extract NPs. The relationships between NPs and markers of insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction were assessed by linear regression analysis.
Results
Mean age and body mass index of participants were respectively 35.21 years and 24.04 kg/m2. Three major NPs were identified. NP1, named as “dairy, fruits, and vegetables” had high values of potassium, folate, vitamins A and C, magnesium and beta carotene. No significant relationship was observed between this NP and insulin resistance or endothelial dysfunction indices. The second NP was full of chromium, selenium, copper, vitamin B6, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), thiamin, vitamin D and iron. Adherence to NP2 (named “legumes, nuts, and protein foods”) was associated with lower values of insulin (6.8 ± 1.1 versus 8.4 ± 1.1, P = 0.01), homeostasis model assessment-Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (1.3 ± 0.2 versus 1.7 ± 0.2, P = 0.02), and vascular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) (444.2 ± 27.9 versus 475.828.4, P = 0.03). However, adherence to the third NP, rich in saturated fatty acid (SFA), cholesterol, sodium, zinc, vitamin E, and B12, described as “animal fat and meat”, was related to higher amounts of homeostasis model assessment-β (HOMA-β) (531.3 ± 176.2 versus 48.7 ± 179.8, P = 0.03).
Conclusion
Following the NP2, correlated with higher intakes of chromium, selenium, copper, vitamin B6, MUFA and thiamin was associated with lower values of insulin, HOMA-IR, and sVCAM-1. Adherence to NP3, rich in SFA, cholesterol, vitamin E, vitamin B12, and zinc was associated with higher levels of HOMA-β.
Progonostic Effect of GSTM1/GSTT1 Polymorphism in Determining Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in South Indian Population
Authors: Sobha Santhi Priya , EBENEZAR KUMAR
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with oxidative stress playing a significant role. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms - GSTM1, GSTT1 - have been linked to CVD and T2DM. The role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in CVD development among T2DM patients in the South Indian population is investigated in this study.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The volunteers were grouped as Group 1: control, Group 2: T2DM, Group 3: CVD, and Group 4: T2DM with CVD (n = 100 each). Blood glucose, lipid profile, plasma GST, MDA, and total antioxidants were measured. GSTM1 and GSTT1 were genotyped using PCR.
RESULTS
GSTT1 plays a significant role in the development of T2DM and CVD [OR 2.96(1.64–5.33), < 0.001 and 3.05(1.67–5.58), < 0.001] while GSTM1 null genotype was not associated with disease development. Individuals with dual null GSTM1/GSTT1 genotype had the highest risk of developing CVD [3.70(1.50–9.11), 0.004]. Group 2 and 3 individuals showed higher lipid peroxidation and lower total antioxidant levels. Pathway analysis further indicated that GSTT1 significantly affects GST plasma levels.
CONCLUSION
GSTT1 null genotype may be considered as a factor for increasing the susceptibility and risk of CVD and T2DM in the South Indian population.
Evolution of cooperation in multiplex networks: Cases in which asymmetry between interaction and replacement promotes cooperation
Authors: Inaba Masaaki , Akiyama Eizo
Published: April 2023

Cooperation is the foundation of society, but we still know little about the conditions under which cooperation spreads within a group.We analyze cooperation in multiplex networks, which have recently gained attention as a model that successfully captures certain aspects of human social connections.Previous studies have shown that symmetry between interactions and strategy replacements promotes cooperation across a wide range of network structures, including regular networks, scale-free networks, and weighted dynamic networks.Interactions refer to actions that cause increases or decreases in payoff, and strategy replacements refer to actions that cause changes in behavioral traits.When these two actions are performed with the same partner as much as possible, we call the situation symmetrical.In other words, prior research indicates that in a two-layer multiplex network, where the first layer constrains the choice of interaction partners and the second layer constrains the choice of replacement partners, the more similar the two layers are, the more likely cooperation is promoted.However, we focus on the difference in scope between the two actions and, contrary to previous studies, find cases in which asymmetry promotes cooperation.This indicates that there can be not only symmetric but also asymmetric approaches for promoting cooperation.
Marine conditions in Andaman Sea shape the unique genetic structure of Sargassum plagiophyllum C.Agardh
Authors: Lin Yude , Zhang Jie , Du Yuqun , Zhang Shuangshuang , Liu Li , Draisma Stefano G.A , Duan Delin
Published: April 2023

The Andaman Sea-Malacca Strait is one area with high maritime complexity and process with seaweed rich biodiversity. Sargassum plagiophyllum C.Agardh is one typical brown seaweed abundant in the area. However, its population genetics has not been studied. Here, we used the nuclear Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 of the ribosomal cistron (ITS2) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1) as genetic markers to determine the its population genetic structure along the entire west coast of Thailand. One total of 351 indviduals from the ten populations were genotyped. Nine different haplotypes and 17 different ribotypes were verified. Genrally, S. plagiophyllum populations are genetically homogeneous. Most individuals belonged to the one single ribotype and haplotype. Ocean currents are belived to influence S. plagiophyllum distributions and itsgenetic exchange between the populations. Higher phosphate concentrations during northeast monsoon season could promote its growth. Our study implied that the temporal and spatial transformation of marine environment in Andaman Sea influenced both S. plagiophyllum distribution, biomass and population genetic structure, our results are positive to the conservation seaweed resources preservations.
Title: Assessing Impact of Climate Variability and Change on Maize Yield in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Modelling Perspective.
Authors: Kassa Gizachew , Getachew Manyazwal , Bhowmick Anirudh
Published: April 2023

Computing seasonal anomalies and Mann-Kendal trend test combined with APSIM maize crop modeling, the impact of climate variation and change on Maize crop production has been assessed; by comparing the simulated result during baseline and 3 CMIP5 climate model projections of 2 Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP 4.5&8.5) climate scenarios in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia, case of 4 Woreda. Based on standardized precipitation index (SPI) analysis, a moderately wet and very wet climate condition will predominate during the 2nd rainy season (Sept - Nov). While the main rainy season (March-May), moderately dry and very dry climate conditions will predominate during the mid and end-term of the 21st century compared to the baseline period. Inconsistent decreasing and increasing temperatures and rainfall trends in response to climate change have been detected. The APSIM7.9 crop model adequately simulates the maize grain yield with a Root Mean Square Error value of (4.5 to 9.13 q/ha) across four selected woreda. The maize yield potential variation of lowest, highest limits and median ranges up to 1.2, 30.5 and 16 q/ha with a coefficient variation of 2.4% on average in future three particular periods. The median yield change showed a reduction up to 36.5% and 18.75% across all woreda during the mid term (2041-2070) and end- term (2071-2100) as compared to the baseline period (1980-2005), due to the reduction of precipitation in the main rainy season and annual total rainfall reduction; while it showed a positive change up to 29.2% during the near-term (2010-2040) period of the 21st century in both RCP scenarios.
Towards a Comprehensive Approach for Socialbot Detection on Twitter: Integrating Multiple Features
Authors: Owais Muhammad , Shoaib Muhammad , Waseem Muhammad
Published: April 2023

The increasing use of social media platforms has brought about various opportunities for people to communicate, share opinions, and express themselves online. However, this has also led to the emergence of socialbots, programmed accounts that mimic human behavior and have the potential to spread fake news, manipulate the stock market, promote terrorism, and interfere in democratic processes. In order to address this problem, various techniques have been employed for socialbots detection, including profile-based, temporal-based, content-based, behavioral-based, and network-based approaches. However, none of these methods have utilized a hybrid of all these features. In this paper, we propose a hybrid approach that integrates all these features to train a model for socialbots detection on Twitter. we use the Twibot-22 dataset for our experiments and evaluate the performance of our proposed approach against benchmark models. With an accuracy of 0.898, the XGBoost model surpassed the benchmark models. This study contributes to the ongoing efforts to maintain the integrity of tweet contents and address the potential harms caused by socialbots on social networks
Experimental investigations on weak magnetization enhanced force rheological polishing of SiC mold
Authors: Huang XiangMing , Zhou Dongdong , Ming Yang , Li Xiyang
Published: April 2023

To investigate the influence of weak magnetization enhanced force rheological polishing (WMEFRP) parameters on the surface quality of small aspheric SiC mold, a magnetic shear thickening fluid (MSTF) containing shear thickening fluid (STF), Al2O3 particles, and carbonyl iron powder particles was developed. Furthermore, the polishing characteristics and stability of the method were analyzed through rheological tests and magnetic field simulation. Orthogonal experiments were carried out on a small aspheric SiC mold using a five-axis machining center. The influence of spindle speed, polishing clearance, abrasive particle size, and other factors on material removal rate (MRR), surface morphology, surface roughness (SR), and subsurface damage (SSD) depth was explored. The results showed that MRR and SSD depth increased with spindle speed, whereas SR first decreased and then increased. Polishing clearance had a significant negative correlation effect on MRR, SR, and SSD depth, whereas abrasive particle size had a weak positive correlation effect on them. The parameter optimization method based on multi-objective matrix was used to evaluate the influence weight of MRR, SR, and SSD depth on the orthogonal test results. The optimal scheme was determined as follows: the spindle speed was 720 rpm, the polishing gap was 0.5 mm, and the particle size was 3 µm. The verification test was carried out by using the optimal scheme. The results showed that the SR and SSD depths were considerably reduced, and the surface/subsurface quality was considerably improved. This evaluation method could meet the technical requirements of high efficiency and high surface/subsurface quality for the polishing of small-aperture aspheric SiC mold.