bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-flow nasal cannula versus standard oxygen therapy assisting sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in high risk cases (OTHER): study protocol of a randomised multicentric trial
Authors: Thiruvenkatarajan Venkatesan , Dharmalingam Ashok , Arenas Gilberto , Wahba Medhat , Steiner Reinhard , Kadam Vasanth Rao , Tran Andre , Currie John , Wijk Roelof Van , Quail Anthony , Ludbrook Guy
Published: March 2020

Background Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an increasingly common intervention in the treatment of pancreatico-biliary disorders. Patients are often elderly with complex co-morbidities. While monitored anaesthesia care with sedation is commonly used for most cases, few would require general anaesthesia with an endotracheal tube. Both low flow and high flow nasal cannulas (HFNC) are established ways of delivering supplemental oxygen, but it is unclear whether one technique is better than the other. HFNC seems a promising tool for advanced procedures but evidence to support its application in high-risk ERCP cases is limited. The rate of oxygen desaturation during endoscopy has been reported to be as high as 11-50%, and the method of oxygen delivery for ERCP merits further study.Methods/design This is a prospective, randomised, multi-centre trial comparing the efficacy of oxygen supplementation through high flow nasal cannula versus low flow nasal cannula during ERCP, in a cohort of patients at risk of adverse respiratory events. A total of 132 patients will be recruited across three sites and randomly assigned to either the low flow or the HFNC group. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients experiencing hypoxia, defined by any event of SpO2 <90%. The secondary outcomes include parameters centred on oxygenation, requirement of airway manoeuvres, successful completion of procedure, perioperative complications, patient satisfaction, and cost analysis of the consumables. An intention-to-treat principle will be applied while analysing.Discussion The demand for ERCPs is likely to increase in the future with the aging population. Our study results may lead to improved outcomes and reduce airway related complications in patients undergoing ERCPs. The results will be presented at national and international meetings and published in per-reviewed journals.Trial registration: www.ANZCTR.org.au CTRN12619000397112, Registered on on March 12, 2019.
Impact Of Implementation Of A Breech Clinic In A Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Derisbourg Sara , Costa Elena , De Luca Laura , Amirgholami Soraya , Kamdem Valery Bogne , Vercoutere An , Alexander Sophie , Zhang Wei Hong , Buekens Pierre , Englert Yvon , Pintiaux Axelle , Daelemans Caroline
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND Breech presentations concern three to five percent of singleton pregnancies at term. In order to support eligible women in their choice of mode of delivery, a dedicated breech clinic with a care pathway was developed in December 2015 at the ‘Hôpital Universitaire Erasme’. The primary objective of this study is to compare the vaginal delivery rates before and after the implementation of the breech clinic. The secondary objective is to compare the early neonatal outcomes before and after the breech clinic was introduced. METHOD This is a monocentric retrospective and prospective study. The inclusion criteria were term (from 37 weeks) singleton fetus and breech presentation at delivery. The exclusion criteria were suspected intrauterine growth restriction, severe fetal malformations and intrauterine fetal demise. We used a composite outcome as an indicator of neonatal morbi-mortality. RESULTS After the introduction of the breech clinic, we observed a significant increase in planned vaginal delivery from 7.4% (12/162) to 53.04% (61/115) (OR: 13.5; 95%CI: 6.7-27.04). The effective vaginal breech delivery rate (planned and unplanned) significantly increased from 4.3% (7/162) pre-implementation of breech clinic to 43.5% (50/115) post-implementation (OR: 17.0; 95%CI: 7.3-39.6). CONCLUSION The implementation of a breech clinic has led to an increase in vaginal deliveries for breech babies.
Cancer Development and Mortality Differences in Patients with Glomerulonephritis after Renal Biopsy: A Single Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ryu Hyunjin , Kim Kipyo , Ryu Jiwon , Son Hyung-Eun , Ryu Ji-Young , Kim Sejoong , Na Ki Young , Chae Dong Wan , Chin Ho Jun
Published: March 2020

Background: The association between glomerulonephritis (GN) and cancer has been well known for decades. However, studies evaluating long-term de novo cancer development in patients with GN are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of cancer development among patients with renal biopsy-proven GN during post-biopsy follow-up and the differences in outcomes according to cancer occurrence. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients who underwent renal biopsy at Seoul National Bundang Hospital between 2003 and 2017. After excluding 671 patients who are inappropriate for the analysis, 929 patients were included in the analysis. Data on baseline clinical characteristics, renal biopsy results, and types and doses of immunosuppressant agents used during follow-up were collected from electronic medical records. The incidence of cancer was censored on the date when the first cancer was diagnosed. We evaluated rates of mortality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) development during follow-up. Results: During a mean follow-up period of 52.4 (range: 1.0–166.7) months, 49 subjects (5.3%) developed de novo cancer. A comparison of clinical characteristics between subjects who did and did not develop cancer revealed that cancer patients were older and had higher comorbidities and immunosuppressant use. Overall, patients with GN had an elevated standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 7.17 (95% confidence interval (CI): 5.3–9.51) relative to the general population. In particular, the SIR was significantly higher in GNs such as membranous nephropathy (MN), IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for confounding variables revealed that patients with a pathologic diagnosis of MN had an increased risk of cancer development, with a hazard ratio of 2.6 [95% CI: 1.32–5.30]. Patients with MN who developed cancer had a significantly higher risk of mortality (hazard ratio: 5.95; 95% CI: 1.36–26.09, P=0.018) than those without cancer, but there was a non-significant difference in ESRD development. Conclusions: Patients with GN without concurrent cancer, particularly those with MN, have significantly higher risks of cancer development and subsequent mortality and should remain aware of the potential development of malignancy during follow-up.
Effect of silver diammine fluoride on micro-ecology of plaque from extensive caries of primary teeth - in vitro study
Authors: Liu Baoying , LIU Jin , ZHANG Di , YANG Zhi lei , FENG Ya ping , WANG Meng
Published: March 2020

Background

The mechanism of action of silver diammine fluoride (SDF) on plaque micro-ecology is seldom studied. This study investigated micro-ecological changes in dental plaque on extensive caries of deciduous teeth after topical SDF treatment.

Methods

Deciduous teeth with extensive caries freshly removed from school children were collected in clinic. Unstimulated saliva collection and initial plaque sampling were done before tooth extraction, then each caries was topically treated with 38% SDF in vitro. After intervention, each tooth was stored respectively in artificial saliva at 37°C. Repeated plaque collections were done at 24 hours and 1 week post-intervention. Post-intervention micro-ecological changes including microbial diversity, microbial metabolism function as well as species correlations were analyzed and compared after pyrosequencing of the DNA from the plaque sample using Illumina MiSeq platform.

Results

After SDF application, microbial diversity decreased (p>0.05), although not statistically significant. Microbial community composition post-intervention was noticeably different from that of supragingival and pre-intervention plaque as well as saliva. At 1 week post-intervention, the relative content of Pseudomonas , Fusobacterium and Pseudoramibacter was noticeably higher than before, while most of the other bacteria was noticeably reduced, although not statistically significant (P>0.05). The inter-microbial associations became more complex, much more positive associations among survived bacteria were observed than negative ones. COG function classification diagram showed carbohydrate transportation and metabolic functions in the plaque were significantly reduced at 24 hours and 1 week post-intervention.

Conclusions

SDF has extensive antimicrobial effect on dental plaque, which may reduce carbohydrate metabolism in dental plaque and help promote new balance of the plaque flora.
Learning curve of digital intraoral scanning – an in vivo study
Authors: Róth Ivett , Czigola Alexandra , Joós-Kovács Gellért Levente , Dalos Magdolna , Hermann Péter , Borbély Judit
Published: March 2020

Background The spread of digital technology in dentistry poses new challenges and goals for dentists. It is important to involve new methods and devices in university education. The aim of the present in vivo study was to determine the learning curve of IOS described by (1) scanning time and (2) image number (count of images made by intraoral scanner during scanning process).Methods Ten dental students of Semmelweis University took part in the study. Dental students took digital study impressions using 3Shape Trios 3® (Copenhagen, Denmark) IOS device. Each student took 10 digital impressions on volunteers (for standardization the first and the last patients was the same for each student). The inclusion criteria of patients were full dentition (except missing third molar) and no prosthetic- restorative treatment. Digital impression taking was preceded by a lecture consisting of two parts: education and training. For standardization, the scanning device was calibrated before impression taking, followed by the registration of patient data. Digital impressions were taken of the upper and lower arches, and the bite was recorded according to the manufacturer's instructions. Total scanning time and image number of intraoral scanning were recorded.Results The difference of scanning time between the first and the tenth digital impressions was significant (p=0.007). The average scanning time of first impressions was 23min 9sec, for tenth impressions it was 15min 28sec. The difference between scanning time of the first and the tenth impressions was 7min 41sec. The average image number of the first impressions was 1964.5, for the tenth impressions it was 1468.6. The difference between number of images of the first and the tenth impressions was 495,9. The curve of image number show decreasing tendency first, then has a trough around the sixth measurement, and rises.Conclusion The learning curve of IOS can be described with scanning time and image number of digital impression. Scanning time decreases as result of practice. Shorter scanning times are accompanied by poorer coverage quality, the operator has to correct by adding extra images represented by the curve of image numbers which turning into increasing tendency after the sixth measurement.Trial registration: The permission for this study was given by the University Ethics Committee of Semmelweis University (SE TUKEB number: 61/2016).
Molecular characterization of the viral structural protein genes of 2018 dengue virus serotype 1 epidemic in Yunnan, Southwest China
Authors: Lan Qingping , Shu Yun , Li Linhao , Shan Xiyun , Ma Dehong , Li Tingting , Wang Xiaodan , Pan Yue , Chen Junying , Zhang Juan , Liu Pinghua , Sun Qiangming
Published: March 2020

Background There was a dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1) epidemic from October to December in 2018 in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, southwest China, neighboring Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam. And the molecular characterization, evolution and potential source of DENV from Xishuangbanna were investigate. Methods C (capsid)/prM(premembrane)/E (envelope) genes of DNEV isolated from 87 serum samples obtained from local patients were amplified and sequenced, then evaluated using mutation, phylogenetic and homologous recombination analyses and secondary structure prediction. Results Phylogenetic analysis show that all the DENV strains from Xishuangbanna can grouped in two branch of DENV-1. Out of 52, 50 of isolates were grouped in branch one, and were most similar to Fujian (DQ193572) and Singapore 2016(MF314188) strains. The other two isolates have the closest relationship to Myanmar 2017 (MG679801) . When compared with DENV-1SS (standard strain), we found the amino acid residue of E155 was mutation from T to S,which may related to the virulence of virus and no obvious homologous recombination signals. Secondary structure prediction showed that some changes were found in the helical of MN123849 and MN123854 strains and few changes observed in disordered region. Conclusions This study revealed the molecular characterization of structural genes of xishuangbanna, 2018 epidemic strain, providing a reference for molecular epidemiology, infection, pathogenicity and vaccine development .
Spatial Analysis and Mapping of the Effect of Irrigation and Nitrogen Application on Lateral Shoot Growing of Garlic
Authors: Teixeira de Oliveira Job , Alves de Oliveira Rubens , Puiatti Mario , Teodoro Paulo , Montanari Rafael
Published: March 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the spatial variability of plant production components and the use of an irrigation and fertirrigation management system with controlled deficit affect the yield and incidence of garlic lateral shoot growing (LSG). An analysis of these data through statistical and geostatistical techniques made it possible to verify that the increase in yield is directly related to the height and diameter of the bulb and that the lateral shoot growing is directly related to the increase in yield. Lower water depths and lower nitrogen doses applied during clove differentiation imply a lower incidence of LSG, whereas increased irrigation and fertigation with nitrogen results in lower bulb volumes.
The role of dividend yield as agency conflict determinant: case of Indonesia
Authors: Swandari Budiarso Novi , Pontoh Winston
Published: March 2020

This study provides evidence about how stockholders control insiders using dividend policy to prevent overinvestment. This study observes the dividend yield, market risk, profitability, and growth opportunities of 155 public firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2017. The dividend yield data were split into quartiles and categorized into the following areas: 1) firms with the lowest dividend yields, 2) firms with lower dividend yields, 3) firms with higher dividend yields, and 4) firms with the highest dividend yields. This study conducts multinomial regression for testing the hypotheses. The results confirm that systematic risk has an insignificant relationship with dividend policy, and profitability has a significant relationship with dividend policy. Consistent with agency theory in supporting free cash flow theory, this study finds that the agency problem exists for firms with high dividend yields relative to firms with low dividend yields in the context of Indonesian public firms. The systematic risk has an insignificant relationship with dividend policy, of which the study sample is limited. The findings also imply that stockholders tend to control insiders in case of overinvestment. Besides, this study also finds that market risk as a systematic risk is insignificant both for firms with high and low dividend yields.
Nutritional value of a new type of substitute caviar
Authors: MAĆKOWIAK-DRYKA MONIKA , PYZ-ŁUKASIK RENATA , ZIOMEK MONIKA , SZKUCIK KRZYSZTOF
Published: March 2020

The caviar group of products includes a subgroup of caviar substitutes. The raw material used to manufacture a substitute called white caviar are eggs of garden snails of the Cornu aspersum species. The nutritional value of every foodstuff depends on its nutrient content and caloric value. The goal of this study was to determine the nutritional value and protein quality commercially available substitute caviar manufactured from the eggs of the Cornu genus snails. The basic composition and amino acid profile were determined according to a procedure based on international standards (ISO). The carbohydrate content and caloric value were calculated according to the literature. We established that the caviar substitute had a high water content (81.41%) and low contents of protein (4.23%), fat (0.09%), carbohydrates (6.62%), and ash (7.65%), so that its caloric value was also low (44.16 kcal/100 g). The total amount of essential amino acids was 51.13 grams per 100 grams of protein, and that of non-essential amino acids was 48.37 grams per 100 grams of protein. The biological value of proteins was determined by calculating the chemical score (CS) and the essential amino acid index (EAAI). To calculate these values, we used a standard protein established by a joint FAO/WHO/UNU expert group to quantify the daily requirement for essential amino acids for an adult person. The limiting amino acid for the product in question was the sum of methionine and cysteine. CS was 130.43, and EAAI was 190.45. The chemical composition of the caviar substitute was characterized by a low content of nutrients that determine the caloric value of a product. The protein content of the product was characterized by a favourable amino acid composition and a high nutritional value measured by the CS and EAAI indicators. However, due to the low protein content and the low quantity of the product consumed, it is not a foodstuff significant to meeting the daily requirement for essential amino acids for an adult person.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE AS SUBJETIVIDADES, OS INTERSTÍCIOS E O CAPITALISMO.
Authors: Leite Leonardo Perdigão
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica acerca do tema da subjetividade, entendida como uma negociação entre os elementos humanos, não humanos e os ambientes. Desta forma, o objetivo é mostrar como a produção da subjetividade passa pelo o que Debaise (2013) chama de dinâmica da infecção, ou seja, que há uma negociação entre as diversas partes envolvidas e que é necessário que haja interesse nas interações entre esses elementos. Por esse viés, o indivíduo e sua interioridade não são os principais responsáveis na produção de subjetividade. Os atores não humanos e o espaço passam a ter papel fundamental na produção das subjetividades e são parte constituinte dos sujeitos, levando-os a desenvolver certas atividades, gostos e emoções. Faz-se necessário reforçar que a dinâmica é dada a partir dos encontros e das trocas ocorridas entre os diversos elementos que entram em relação.   Ademais, são tecidas considerações sobre a importância da produção de subjetividade para a manutenção do sistema capitalista de produção.
Medición del capital social y su efecto sobre la productividad científico-tecnológica en comunidades de investigación
Authors: Romo González José Refugio , Tarango Javier , Machin-Mastromatteo Juan D.
Published: March 2020

Introducción: Este trabajo caracteriza las condiciones organizacionales del capital social entre investigadores pertenecientes a una comunidad de investigación y estudia la relación con sus niveles de productividad científico-tecnológica, demostrando para ciertas dimensiones y variables su asociación y dependencia, lo que puede proporcionar elementos para elevar su productividad a través de procesos de comunicación de la ciencia.Método: Se emplea un diseño transversal-causal, a través de un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio, aplicado a un centro de investigación mexicano, utilizando escalas de intervalo diseñadas para tal fin, sujetándose a un análisis de correlación y regresión. El estudio se realizó bajo el enfoque paradigmático cuantitativo y de naturaleza no experimental.Resultados: Caracteriza al capital social y la producción científico tecnológica conforme a las dimensiones: psicosocial (confianza, cooperación y colaboración, normatividad organizacional, y asociatividad y redes sociales) y estructural (cantidad y calidad en las relaciones interpersonales de carácter laboral). Presenta un análisis de la producción científico-tecnológica global por investigador y de asociación y dependencia entre el capital social y la productividad científico-tecnológica, considerando un período anual de observación.Conclusión: El estudio concluye que: a) las comunidades de investigación y los individuos con altos niveles de capital social, pueden mantener niveles elevados de productividad científico-tecnológica, no de manera general, pero sí en ciertos productos; específicamente b) la dimensión psicosocial del capital social, es un factor importante para elevar la productividad en el área de la formación de recursos humanos (tesis doctorales y estancias de investigación); y c) el capital social estructural está asociado e influye en el nivel de productividad en el área de las publicaciones científicas.
Performance of retention soil filters for the reduction of hygienically-relevant microorganisms in combined sewage overflow and treated wastewater
Authors: Zacharias N. , Essert S. M. , Brunsch A. F. , Christoffels E. , Kistemann T. , Schreiber C.
Published: March 2020

Environmental quality standards for surface waters have been significantly expanded through recent amendments to German regulations. Limit values are only established for applicable regulations if the water is indicated for certain uses, e.g. abstraction of irrigation water. Nevertheless, surface water bodies are often used for hygiene-sensitive purposes. In the course of climate change, stronger precipitation events will occur, which may lead to more frequent loading and discharge of combined sewer overflow (CSO) into surface water bodies. Retention soil filters (RSFs) are attracting attention as an extensive treatment technology for CSO and additional wastewater treatment. This study examined large-scale RSFs for CSO treatment, as well as the effectiveness of RSFs as a fourth purification stage. An RSF test facility was established at a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), consisting three semi-technical RSFs that were fed exclusively with treated water from the WWTP. The reduction of microorganisms mostly occurred within the first centimeters of the RSFs. For most hygienic-microbiological parameters, a 1–2 log unit reduction could be detected in addition to the reduction within the WWTP. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were reduced to the same extent. Investigation of the large-scale RSFs showed that a flow rate reduced by half corresponded to better reduction performances.
Yenidoğanlarda COVID-19 Enfeksiyonları
Authors: OVALI Fahri
Published: March 2020

Yeni tip Coronavirüs-19, genellikle yaşlı bireylerde görülmesine rağmen gebelerde ve yenidoğan bebeklerde de görülebilmektedir. Virüsün çocuklarda ve yenidoğanlardaki klinik özellikleri, laboratuvar bulguları ve prognozu hakkında yeteri kadar bilgi yoktur. Yenidoğanların immün sistemleri yeteri kadar gelişmemiş olduğundan daha büyük risk altında oldukları düşünülebilir. Şimdiye kadar bildirilen gebelerin hemen hepsi 3. trimestrde enfekte olmuşlardır. Bu kadınların ancak % 1’inde kritik hastalık gelişmiştir. Ancak şimdiye kadar materno-fetal vertikal geçişi kanıtlayabilecek bir veri elde edilememiştir. Yenidoğanlardaki vaka tanımları erişkinlerdekine benzerdir. Kesin tanılı hasta biriyle temasın yanı sıra, ateş, solunum yolu bulguları, pnömoni ve gastrointestinal bulgular gözlenebilir. Hastalarda lenfopeni bulunabileceği gibi karaciğer ve böbrek fonksiyon bozukluklarına da rastlanabilir. Şüpheli veya kesin tanılı yenidoğanların yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde 14 gün süreyle izole edilmeleri ve standart ve damlacık enfeksiyonu temas önlemlerinin alınması gerekir. Yenidoğanların transportu gerekirse, küvöz içinde, gerekli önlemler alınarak transport edilmeli, transport öncesi ve sonrasında ambulans dahil tüm ekipman dezenfekte edilmelidir. Hastalığın kesin bir tedavisi olmadığı için yenidoğanın hemodinamik stabilitesinin sağlanması, solunum desteği verilmesi ve diğer rutin bakımlarının yapılması yerinde olur. Rutin antibiyotik kullanımına gerek yoktur. Şimdiye kadar enfekte olan yenidoğanlar arasında ölüm bildirilmemiştir. Taburcu edilen bebeklerde muhtemel sarılık gelişimine karşı da önlem alınmalıdır. Ailelere de psikolojik ve sosyal destek sağlanması yerinde olur. Hastalık hakkındaki bilgiler az olduğu için yeni gelişmeler takip edilmelidir.
A ESCOLA DE FRANKFURT E A CIÊNCIA DA INFORMAÇÃO
Authors: Cavalcante Anderson Victor Barbosa , Bufrem Leilah Santiago , Côrtes Gisele Rocha
Published: March 2020

Analisa a influência do pensamento da “Escola de Frankfurt” na Ciência da Informação. Realiza estudo descritivo, de caráter epistemológico, subsidiado pela hermenêutica habermasiana. Apresenta interlocuções da “Teoria Crítica” de Frankfurt no campo das ciências sociais, notadamente, no contexto da Ciência da informação, por meio dos estudos e pesquisas publicados junto ao campo, na contemporaneidade. Dimensiona os pensadores frankfurtianos mais referenciados no campo da informação, com base no cenário contemporâneo do conhecimento no campo. Destaca as articulações dos constructos frankfurtianos às tendências e tópicos teóricos, metodológicos e temáticos da Ciência da Informação, evidenciando aqueles mais expressivos, propulsores e representativos dessa articulação na contemporaneidade. Conclui destacando que os encaminhamentos frankfurtianos erguem-se sobremaneira fecundos como via para se conceber e perceber a informação e a Ciência da Informação em termos humanos, sociais e crítico-reflexivos, de modo a reafirmar seu pertencimento à condição de ciência social, muito além de projeções pragmatistas, tecnicistas e positivistas.
Geleneksel Kastamonu Konut Mimarisinin Cumhuriyet Dönemi Sivil Mimarisine Yansımaları
Authors: Oral Bülent , Özden Cüneyt
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada Kastamonu’daki geleneksel mimari üslubun günümüzde inşa edilmiş modern yapılara etkisini örnek yapılar üzerinden ortaya koymak amaç edinilmiştir. Böylece günümüz Kastamonu kentinde mimari tarzı şekillendiren unsurlar, bu unsurların nedenleri ve bunların modern mimariye etkileri birlikte açıklanmıştır. Kent merkezinde geleneksel dokunun Hisarardı, Cebrail, Akmescit, Honsanlar, Atabeygazi, İsmailbey, Topçuoğlu ve İsfendiyar mahalleleri ve bu yerlere yakın bölgelerde yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. Kastamonu’da kentsel sit alanlarının bulunması ve Kastamonu Belediyesi’nin 2015-2019 yılları arasındaki sokak iyileştirme çalışmaları ile modern yapılarda da geleneksel dokuya öykünülerek inşa edilen yapılar nicel olarak artış göstermiştir. Kentte geleneksel dokuya öykünme çabaları; konaklar, apartmanlar, siteler, villa tipi evler vb. konutların yanı sıra kamu kurumları ile özerk ve yarı özerk kurumlar tarafından inşa ettirilen hizmet binaları, ticaret yapıları, park, bahçe, meydan ve refüjlerdeki simgesel peyzaj düzenlemelerinde inşa edilen işlevsel ve dekoratif yapılarda görülür.
Advances in Synthesis and Medicinal Applications of Compounds Derived from Phthalimide
Authors: Almeida Marcel L. , Oliveira Maria C.V.A. , Pitta Ivan R. , Pitta Marina G.R.
Published: March 2020

Phthalimide derivatives have been presenting several promising biological activities in the literature,
such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitumor, antimicrobial and anticonvulsant. The most well-known and
studied phthalimide derivative (isoindoline-1,3-dione) is thalidomide: this compound initially presented
important sedative effects, but it is now known that thalidomide has effectiveness against a wide variety of
diseases, including inflammation and cancer. This review approaches some of the recent and efficient chemical
synthesis pathways to obtain phthalimide analogues and also presents a summary of the main biological
activities of these derivatives found in the literature. Therefore, this review describes the chemical and
therapeutic aspects of phthalimide derivatives.
Drivers’ Attitudes on Campus Roads: A review
Authors: Hashim Rugayah , Masuri Mohamad Ghazali , Md Isa Khairil Anuar , Ghazali Ayu Rohaidah
Published: March 2020

Despite numerous campaigns on road safety for the university population, driving attitudes off campus is often reflected on campus. Thus, the paper reviews the literature on why traffic congestion and accidents occur on campus with a focus on drivers' attitudes. The scope of the investigation will be the students, staff, and other university stakeholders who regularly drive on campus. The approach for this paper is more of a literature review with narratives and descriptions of the campus topology. The analyses and interpretations of the literature were through systematic identification of themes and variables which will be discussed in the paper.Keywords: Campus traffic; Driver attitude; Transport system planning; Driver behavioreISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.1950
Gender Dichotomy of Board Members and Ownership Structure in Dividend Payout: A review
Authors: Anuar Emma , Abd Aziz Rozainun , Mohamad Maslinawati , Hashim Rugayah
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the paper is to examine the effect between gender dichotomy and dividend payout. The objective of the paper is to provide adequate support for research through rigorous reviews of the literature on board dichotomy relative to gender and dividend payout. Board dichotomy of board members relative to gender seems to have a positive association with dividend payout. Ownership structure, especially institutional ownership, seems to have an association with dividend payout compared to other variables of ownership structure. The two corporate governance components have a monitoring role, can be a substitute or a tool for corporate governance improvement, and a signal to investors on dividend payout.Keywords: corporate environment; board composition; gender; dividend payouteISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.1954
Assessing Pruning Knowledge towards Effective Tree Maintenance: A case study of four Local Authorities in Malaysia
Authors: Badrulhisham Norainiratna , Othman Noriah
Published: March 2020

Pruning is one of the most crucial tree maintenance activities which give an impact on the tree's health and structure. Besides, improper pruning will contribute to the risk of injury to property and the public. This study aims to assess pruning knowledge among four Local authorities in Malaysia. Results found that 69.3 percent of tree pruning workers have a Good pruning knowledge level. However, Topping, pruning types and pruning cut dimension shows the lowest mean percentage of the correct answer. The findings also show that there is a significant positive relationship between pruning knowledge and education level and frequency attending pruning courses.Keywords: Tree pruning; knowledge; sustainable practices; urban treeseISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2054
Analyzing Spaces for Social Interaction in Coworking Space: A case study on Common Ground Damansara Heights
Authors: Cho Ken Ying , Ibrahim Filzani Illia , Zubir Zahari
Published: March 2020

Coworking is defined as people work and share the same facilities; creating social interaction to form a community. Through literature publication in Asia, most of the studies are focusing on market value and revenue; lack study on social interaction topic. This study aims to analyse spaces for user social interaction in coworking space in Common Ground Damansara Heights. To achieve the aim, it identifies types of social interaction in coworking space. Site observation and data are analysed to determine the availability of spaces for social interaction. This conclusion informs suggestion to designers and academics on consideration in coworking spaces for user to socialise.Keywords: Coworking; social interactioneISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2068
The Issues and Challenges of Flood-related Agencies in Malaysia
Authors: Mabahwi Nurul Ashikin , Nakamura Hitoshi
Published: March 2020

Objectives of this study is to identify the real issues and challenges of flood related agencies in Malaysia. By using qualitative thematic analysis, this study found that limited authorities, lack of enforcement power, lack of cooperation among agencies, lack of man-power and assets for logistics, insufficient funding for flood risk management and communication problems are the issues faced by the flood-related agencies. The government needs to solve the issues and challenges in order to strengthen the flood-related agencies capacities.Keywords: flood risk management; flood-related agencies; issues; authorityeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2069
The Blue-Green Urban Living Labs of Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Abdullah Jamalunlaili , Ahmad Raziah , Zainal Muhammad Hafiz
Published: March 2020

The extraordinary societal challenges demand cities to be innovative and adaptable to the needs of urban citizens. In the Malaysian context, the Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) has not been well incorporated into the ULLs. This paper seeks to address this gap by exploring the potential of the Blue-Green Urban Living Labs (BGULLs) at the Sungai Bunus catchment area. Using Google Form, survey questionnaire is conducted among professionals and the public. Findings of this unprecedented study suggest the BGULLs offer beyond beautification works, and it is voicing the virtual idea of the BGULLs into a real setting that reflects the public-private-citizen partnerships.Keywords: Urban living labs; Blue-Green Infrastructure; Innovation; societal challengeseISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2072
Visitor Analysis on Effectiveness of Photographs towards Quality of Life: A case study of the Royal Museum Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Zubir Zahari , Isip Prince Favis , Ahamad Nurul Alia , Hussain Nor Hayati
Published: March 2020

This research investigates the effectiveness of photographs in enhancing, creating attachment and appreciation towards memories of historical events which took place in the former National Palace of Kuala Lumpur. The purpose of this research is to study the effectiveness of the use of photographs for the appreciation of the museum from the visitors' perspective.  The research findings provide recommendations to museum curators and administrators for better decision making on the utilization and display of photographs in the Royal Museum and other museums in general.Keywords: Royal Museum Kuala Lumpur; photographs; appreciation; effectiveness.eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Pedestrian Crossing Behavior Model Based on Human Factor. Case Study: Shah Alam City, Malaysia.
Authors: Nasrudin Na’asah , Ismail Hafiszah , Abdullah Yusfida Ayu , Khalid Nurul Shakila
Published: March 2020

The study aimed to develop models for pedestrian crossings behaviour based on road traffic and human factors. A questionnaire distributed to 663 Shah Alam pedestrians. Respondents were asked to fill out a questionnaire on their perceptions of risks and attitudes concerning walking and road crossings. The modelling analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the Human Factor and the Crossing Behavior, this study identified two components of the Human Factor that influenced the behaviour of the pedestrian crossing, namely the "risk-taker" and the "rule-follower." Analysis of pedestrian crossings behaviour useful to evaluate the implementation of new pedestrian crossing environments.
Особенности кристаллизации быстрозакаленных аморфных сплавов Ti-=SUB=-50-=/SUB=-Ni-=SUB=-20-=/SUB=-Cu-=SUB=-30-=/SUB=- после кручения под высоким давлением
Authors: Ситников Н.Н. , Шеляков А.В. , Сундеев Р.В. , Хабибуллина И.А.
Published: March 2020

There is a splitting of crystallization peaks in the region of lower temperatures, that is, regions are formed in which low-temperature crystallization is possible. It was found that HPC causes a decrease in the thermal effect of crystallization upon heating alloys with a high copper content relative to the initial amorphous state obtained after quenching from the melt. After DSC crystallization in the alloy, a structure was formed that is characterized by inhomogeneity in the cross section of the sample with stratification according to the size of the structural elements. In the regions of partial nanocrystallization of the amorphous state after crystallization, a finer-grained structure was formed than in the main bulk of the sample. The obtained results convincingly demonstrate the influence of HPC on the formation of a crystalline structure from amorphous Ti50Ni20Cu30 alloys.
Динамические вихревые состояния в высокотемпературных сверхпроводниках при импульсном намагничивании
Authors: Мороз А.Н. , Максимова А.Н. , Кашурников В.А. , Руднев И.А.
Published: March 2020

By using the Monte Carlo method, numerical modeling of the vortex system of a Bi-2212 superconductor in a ramping external magnetic field has been carried out for different ramp-rates. The influence of concentration and distribution of pinning centers on the magnetic flux penetration has been studied. Features of flux penetration have been observed and described in terms of the vortex system dynamics, the conditions for their occurrence have been determined. Ascending dependences of the saturation field on defect concentration have been obtained for homogeneous and inhomogeneous samples.
Декорированная изинговская квадратная решетка в магнитном поле
Authors: Кассан-Оглы Ф.А. , Прошкин А.И. , Муртазаев А.К. , Мутайламов В.А.
Published: March 2020

Ising model on decorated square lattice is studied with arbitrary signs and values of exchange parameters in an external magnetic field. Comparison with the results of Ising madel on nondecorated square lattice is performed. It is shown that if magnetization increases antiferromagnetically then initial phase-transition-point gradually decreases up to the first frustration field and does not appear again even if further frustration fields apear. In the case of ferromagnetic type of magnetization increasing the phase transition disappears right away after switching on of magnetic field. In other words, an arbitrary low field
completely suppresses the phase transition.
Исследование моделей магнитных дендримеров методом Ванга--Ландау
Authors: Магомедов М.А. , Исаева М.М.
Published: March 2020

Abstract The thermodynamic properties of the models of magnetic dendrimers were studied by the Monte Carlo method. The system state density is calculated; the ground state structures are determined. The temperature dependences of magnetization m , entropy S , internal energy E , and heat capacity C are calculated. It is shown that in the investigated model of dendrimer, the effect of the surface sites on the general behavior of the system does not become weaker with growing sizes of the system.
Скачкообразные процессы магнитного разупорядочения, стимулированные магнитным полем в системах со структурной неустойчивостью
Authors: Вальков В.И. , Головчан А.В. , Коледов В.В. , Тодрис Б.М. , Митюк В.И.
Published: March 2020

A theoretical analysis of the features of structural and magnetostructural first-order phase transitions in magnetocaloric helimagnetic alloys of the Mn_{1-x}Cr_{x}NiGe system has been carried out. To describe the observed displacive structural transitions hex(P6_{3}/mmc)<->orth(P_{nma}), we used the local soft mode model in the approximation of a biased harmonic oscillator. In the absence of a magnetic field, the emergence of a helimagnetic order as a structurally induced second-order transition was described in the framework of the Heisenberg model, taking into account the dependence of the exchange integrals on the structural order parameters and elastic strains. In the presence of a magnetic field, it was found that the approximation of the characteristic temperatures for the helimagnetic HM(P_{nma}) and lability temperatures of the hexagonal paramagnetic PM(P6_{3}/mmc) states, due to the influence of the magnetic field, leads to the appearance of previously unexplored peripheral magnetostructural first-order phase transitions with insignificant magnetization jumps that increase with increasing magnetic induction.In this case, as the pressure increases to 4 kbar with constant induction of the magnetic field, the peripheral transitions transform into reversible first-order magnetostructural transitions, and at even higher pressures (10-14 kbar) into full-fledged first-order magnetostructural transitions with magnetization jumps comparable with maximum value of magnetization. Experimental pressure studies of the temperature dependences of magnetization in static magnetic fields with an induction of up to 1 T and a pressure of up to 14 kbar confirm the theoretical results.
Магнитные свойства и морфология поверхности интерметаллического соединения Dy-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-10-=/SUB=-Al-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=- и его гидрида
Authors: Панкратов Н.Ю. , Каминская Т.П. , Терешина И.С. , Макуренкова А.А. , Карпенков А.Ю. , Пауков М.А. , Никитинa С.А.
Published: March 2020

The effects of hydrogenation on microstructural parameters, surface topology, and the temperature of the magnetic phase transitions of Dy2Fe10Al7 compound were investigated. The magnetothermal properties of Dy2Fe10Al7H3.2 hydride were also investigated. It was established that the hydrogenation of Dy2Fe10Al7 compound does not change the Curie temperature, and strongly changes the temperature of magnetic compensation transition. It was found that the coercive force increases with hydrogenation, which allows to conclude that the magnetocrystalline anisotropy increases due to a change in the local environment of the dysprosium ion when hydrogen atoms are introduced into the crystal lattice. It was shown that the relative change in the unit cell volume dV/V for Dy2Fe10Al7H3.2 hydride is 3%. It can be conclude that the hydrogenation causes significant changes in the microstructure, which leads to a change the physical and functional properties of the materials subjected to the hydrogenation.
Магнитокалорический эффект и эффект памяти формы в сплаве Гейслера Mn-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-NiGa
Authors: Каманцев А.П. , Кошкидько Ю.С. , Быков Э.O. , Калашников В.С. , Кошелев А.В. , Маширов А.В. , Мусабиров И.И. , Пауков М.А. , Соколовский В.В.
Published: March 2020

The work presents the investigations of the functional properties of the Heusler alloy Mn2NiGa, made by argon arc melting. The direct experimental methods were used to study: electrical resistance, magnetization, magnetocaloric effect, and shape memory effect in the wide temperature range of 100–400 K. The inverse magnetocaloric effect was found in both the martensitic and austenitic phases, which did not experience saturation in pulsed magnetic field up to 50 T. The values of reversible deformation in the alloy up to 0.35% were obtained with bending mechanical stress up to 247 MPa.
Концентрационные флуктуации в киральных ферромагнетиках Fe-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Si во внешнем магнитном поле
Authors: Повзнер А.А. , Волков А.Г. , Нуретдинов Т.М.
Published: March 2020

In the framework of the theory of spin fluctuations, magnetic h-T diagrams of chiral helicoidal ferromagnets FexMn1-xSi with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction are investigated. A specific analysis of the equations of magnetic state is carried out on the basis of a model of the electronic structure following from the LDA + U + SO DOS calculations in the virtual crystal approximation. It was shown that in the concentration range x <0.12, the Fermi level remains within the local minimum DOS. In this case, a helicoidal long-range order is realized, which undergoes a first-order transition induced by spin fluctuations, accompanied by the formation of intermediate skyrmion phases induced by an external magnetic field. With increasing x arising due to the chaotic distribution of the magnetic moments of manganese and iron over the nodes, the effects of concentration fluctuations suppress zero-point quantum spin fluctuations. In this case, the condition for the appearance of skyrmion phases is violated for x> 0.12, and the region of the helicoidal ferromagnetic order is preserved up to concentrations xc = 0.20. In the interval 0.10 <x <0.20, the transition induced by fluctuations to the paramagnetic state is accompanied by the disappearance of local magnetization and the formation of a paramagnetic state with dynamic spin correlations.