bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atomistic modelling of frictional anisotropy of palladium nanoparticles on graphene
Authors: Khomenko A.V. , Zakharov M.V.
Published: March 2021

This article is a continuation of our previous studies of the frictional anisotropy of metal nanoparticles on the surface of a graphene substrate for other temperature conditions. The friction force acting on palladium nanoparticles on a graphene sheet in various lateral directions is investigated using classical molecular dynamics modelling. Anisotropy is studied at high sliding speeds of nanoparticles consisting of 10000 atoms on the surface of graphene. The effect of incommensurability and short-range order of the contact surfaces of nanoparticles, as well as the graphene deformation lead to the absence of an expressed angular dependence of the friction force.
Orientational instability of the director in a nematic cell caused by electro-induced anchoring modification
Authors: Tarnavskyy O.S. , Ledney M.F.
Published: March 2021

We theoretically investigate the threshold for the director reorientation from the homeotropic state to the hybrid homeotropic-planar state and vice versa in a cell filled with a flexoelectric nematic liquid crystal (NLC) subjected to an electric field. The liquid crystal is doped by a CTAB-like substance, a part of molecules of which dissociates into positive and negative ions. The anchoring on one of the cell surfaces is assumed to be strong and homeotropic, while the other surface can adsorb positive ions which play the role of an orienting surfactant for NLC molecules on this surface. At certain voltages, the orientational transitions in the bulk of the NLC are possible due to the changing conditions for the director on the adsorbing surface. We calculate respective threshold voltages as functions of anchoring parameters. The existence of the critical values of these parameters, beyond which the orientational transitions do not take place, is established.
Correlation between kinetic fragility and Poisson's ratio from analysis of data for soft colloids
Authors: Mondal A. , Premkumar L. , Das S.P.
Published: March 2021

We consider the link between fragility and elasticity that follows from the analysis of the data for a set of soft colloid materials consisting of deformable spheres reported by [Mattsson et al., Nature, 2009, 462, 83]. The present work makes a quantitative analysis through an explicit definition for fragility index m in terms of density dependence, extending the corresponding formula of m for molecular systems in terms of temperature dependence. In addition, we fit the data for the high-frequency shear modulus for the respective soft-colloid to a corresponding theoretical expression for the same modulus. This expression for the elastic constant is in terms of the corresponding pair correlation function for the liquid treated as of uniform density. The pair correlation function is adjusted through a proper choice of the parameters for the two body interaction potential for the respective soft-colloid material. The nature of correlation between the fragility and Poisson ratio observed for the soft colloids is qualitatively different, as compared to the same for molecular glasses. The observed link between fragility of a metastable liquid and its elastic coefficients is a manifestation of the effects of structure of the fluid on its dynamics. The present work thus analyses the data on soft colloids and by introducing definitions from statistical mechanics obtains a correlation between kinetic fragility and Poissons's ratio for the soft material.
Electronic properties of bilayer sheets forming moiré patterns
Authors: Wu-Mei W.S. , Rey-González R.R.
Published: March 2021

In this article, we report the electronic band structures of hexagonal bilayer systems, specifically, rotated graphene-graphene and boron nitride-boron nitride bilayers, by introducing an angle between the layers and forming new periodic structures, known as moiré patterns. Using a semi-empirical tight-binding approach with a parametrized hopping parameter between the layers, using one orbital per-site approximation, and taking into account nearest-neighbor interactions only, we found he electronic dispersion relations to be around K points in a low energy approximation. Our results show that graphene bilayers exhibit zero band gap for all angles tested in this work. In boron nitride bilayers, the results reveal a tunable bandgap that satisfies the prediction of the bandgap found in one-dimensional diatomic systems presented in the literature.
Renormalized spectrum of quasiparticle in limited number of states, strongly interacting with two-mode polarization phonons at T=0 K
Authors: Tkach M.V. , Seti Ju.O. , Voitsekhivska O.M.
Published: March 2021

Within unitary transformed Hamiltonian of Fröhlich type, using the Green's functions method, exact renormalized energy spectrum of quasiparticle strongly interacting with two-mode polarization phonons is obtained at T=0 K in a model of the system with limited number of its initial states. Exact analytical expressions for the average number of phonons in ground state and in all satellite states of the system are presented. Their dependences on a magnitude of interaction between quasiparticle and both phonon modes are analyzed.
An ab initio study of structural, elastic and electronic properties of hexagonal MAuGe (M = Lu, Sc) compounds
Authors: Radjai R. , Guechi N. , Maouche D.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we performed a detailed theoretical study of structural, elastic and electronic properties of two germanides LuAuGe and ScAuGe by means of first-principles calculations using the pseudopotential plane-wave method within the generalized gradient approximation. The crystal lattice parameters and the internal coordinates are in good agreement with the existing experimental and theoretical reports, which proves the reliability of the applied theoretical method. The hydrostatic pressure effect on the structural parameters is shown. The monocrystalline elastic constants were calculated using the stress-strain technique. The calculated elastic constants of the MAuGe (M = Lu, Sc) compounds meet the mechanical stability criteria for hexagonal crystals and these constants were used to analyze the elastic anisotropy of the MAuGe compounds through three different indices. Polycrystalline isotropic elastic moduli, namely bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and the related properties are also estimated using Voigt-Reuss-Hill approximations. Finally, we studied the electronic properties of the considered compounds by calculating their band structures, their densities of states and their electron density distributions.
Depression by Association? Mental Well-Being of Women in Urban Slums of Pakistan
Authors: Ehsan Taha Ahmed , Jehangir Fatima , Najmi Rabia
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: The association of mental health with parenthood is complex and varies across many social contexts. Previous studies place mothers with young children at a high-risk for depression. Therefore, the study aimed to understand the association of parity as a risk factor for maternal depression in a cross-sectional survey.

METHOD: A total of 255 women were surveyed at two primary health care centers in Karachi, a Metropolitan city of Pakistan between May 2019 and July 2019 with an anonymously answered Public Health Questionnaire (PHQ) 9. The demographic characteristics and related variables were determined as potential correlates of vulnerability to maternal depression. Significant predictive factors associated with risk factors were analyzed by means of linear correlation and multiple regression analysis.

RESULTS: The PHQ 9 score noted an 89.2% prevalence of depression in the study sample. Of those, 72.6% (0.001 p-value) were multiparous women (3-5 children). When analyzed within each individual parity category, grand-multiparous women (6 or more children) had the highest percentage of depression at 92.6% followed by multiparous women (2-5 children) at 90.6%.

CONCLUSION: The result showed the greatest frequency of depression among multiparous women. However, grand multiparous unemployed women were at the highest risk of depression among low-income urban populations.
Self-Assessment of Social and Family Loneliness in Elderly during COVID-19 Pandemic in Relation to Current Level and Type of Communication Intensity
Authors: Bertić Želimir , Telebuh Mirjana
Published: March 2021

Due to the spread of coronavirus people throughout the world, many countries, Croatia included, have been forced to impose social distancing resulting in an increased number of people at risk of another public health problem – loneliness. Loneliness can be defined as the presence of negative emotions associated with the perceived social exclusion and is identified as one of the major issues of the aging population. There is a relatively small number of studies either dealing with the use of various communication methods, particularly information and communication technologies, by the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic or determining potential benefits of such activities. The aim of this research was to determine the difference in self-assessment of social and family loneliness according to the means of communication used by the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted in March and April 2020 covering the period from the introduction of the epidemiological measures of social distancing and self-isolation until the relaxation of virus-related restrictions in Croatia. The research included 107 subjects over the age of 65 living in their own homes in the Croatian city of Bjelovar. A Frequency of the Used Communication Methods Questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of this research. The Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults was used to determine the level of loneliness. The obtained results indicate that lower levels of social and family loneliness were shown by subjects who stated in their self-assessment a higher intensity level of communication during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as making telephone/mobile phone calls, using information technology (computers for video calls, social networks, etc.) and mobile chat applications (Viber, Skype, WhatsApp, etc.), as well as having face-to-face communication. Subjects who rarely or never communicated by using any means of the abovementioned communication showed higher levels of social and family loneliness. Results of this research suggest that using various communication methods, particularly modern communication technologies, have a positive effect on reducing the level of loneliness in the elderly. Teamwork of gerontologists, communication technologists and other experts who work with older population could introduce them to communication technology thus making them more satisfied and improving their quality of life.
Characteristics of COVID-19 Infection among Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Mizdrak Maja , Tičinović Kurir Tina , Mizdrak Ivan , Jerković Ivan , Mayer Ante
Published: March 2021

Given high risk of infection-related mortality due to impaired immunity, elderly patients are at increased risk with COVID-19. In its diagnostic procedure clinical laboratory medicine has a pivotal role. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and laboratory specificities in Croatian population of nursing home residents affected by coronavirus. One hundred and six residents of nursing homes that were hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection, were included in this retrospective study. Clinical and laboratory findings at three time points were extracted from medical records. There were 86 females and 20 males, with median of age 84 (min-max: 47–97) years. Patients were divided into three groups: Survivors (S), patients who are still alive (N=65), In-Hospital Non-Survivors (IHNS), patients who died from coronavirus during hospitalization (N=31) and Out-of-Hospital Non-Survivors (OHNS), patients who recovered from infection but died during the period of three months of the follow-up (N=10). We have established differences between these three groups in laboratory findings (p<0.05). At the admission, survivors had lower values of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, sedimentation ratio, ferritin and C-reactive protein, OHNS were in the middle, and IHNS had the highest values. Leukocytes and absolute lymphocyte count were greater in OHNS group, and same between survivors and IHNS. After 7 days, we noticed increase in leukocyte and neutrophils count among IHNS. Assessing of complete blood count, differential blood count, reactants of acute infection and combination of their ratios might predict worse outcome in nursing home residents due to coronavirus infection.
Governance in/of Cancer Care and Stewardship in Cancer Control
Authors: Jelenc Marjetka , Albreht Tit , Lamovšek Mateja , Federici Antonio , Nagy Peter , Marosi Edit , Vidovič Maruška
Published: March 2021

In the literature in the field of cancer care, especially in the literature concerning national cancer control programmes, the terms governance and stewardship in/of cancer care are used, but usually not explained or defined. Therefore, we planned a systematic literature review in order to find the definitions of the terms governance and stewardship in/of cancer care. It was planned to create new definitions of the mentioned terms in case of unsuccessful finds. A literature review using PubMed, Google and MeSH as well as an opportunistic search for extra articles and chapters from books and grey literature was performed. Most of the found and analysed articles did not give exact explanation of the terms governance/stewardship in/of cancer care or they cited older articles (published before the year 2000) where the terms are used mostly in the field of clinical governance or in the completely other fileds, mostly banking, economy, religion or spirituality. Therefore, it was decided in the working group of experts from different European countries collaborating within in the work package Governance of integrated and comprehensive cancer care in the frame of the Innovative Partnership for the Action Against Cancer Joint Action project on cancer to create new definitions which we are presenting for the first time. The new definitions will facilitate the understanding of the leadership tasks in the area of cancer care and cancer control and will be particularly useful in the field of cancer programmes.
Humor und Komik in der politischen Kommunikation. Funktionen und Perspektiven
Authors: Dörner Andreas
Published: March 2021

Anhand einschlägiger Literatur und eigener Forschungsarbeiten systematisiert dieser Beitrag zunächst die zentralen Funktionen von Komik und Humor in der politischen Kommunikation. In einem zweiten Schritt werden die Potentiale des Humoreinsatzes bei Wähleransprache und Imagekonstruktion erläutert. Ein besonderes Augenmerk gilt schließlich der Selbstironie. Diese kann unter bestimmten Bedingungen beitragen zur Brückenbildung in modernen Gesellschaften, die zunehmend durch Segmentierung und Polarisierung gekennzeichnet sind.
Erwerbsformen in Krisenzeiten: Was folgt aus Corona?
Authors: Walwei Ulrich
Published: March 2021

Die Zusammensetzung der Erwerbsformen hat sich in den letzten Dekaden spürbar verändert. Für die in der längeren Frist beobachtbare Zunahme von Erwerbsformen wie Teilzeitbeschäftigung, befristete Jobs, Leiharbeit und Solo-Selbständigkeit gibt es überwiegend strukturelle Gründe. Hierzu zählen eine veränderte Personalpolitik der Unternehmen, eine sich wandelnde Rolle von Arbeit im Erwerbsverlauf und regulatorische Anpassungen. Doch auch Wirtschaftskrisen können die Verteilung der Erwerbsformen beeinflussen, weil sie Wirtschaftssektoren in unterschiedlicher Weise in Mitleidenschaft ziehen und damit in Verbindung stehende Arbeitsmarktkrisen die Marktmacht der Beschäftigten verringern können. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass frühere Wirtschaftskrisen infolge der starken Betroffenheit des Verarbeitenden Gewerbes in erster Linie die dort eher übliche unbefristete Vollzeitbeschäftigung und auch die Leiharbeit reduziert haben. In der Corona-Krise zeigen sich dagegen den ersten Befunden zufolge erstmals auch Minijobs und Solo-Selbstständigkeit als anfällig. Da diese Beschäftigungsformen gleichzeitig so gut wie keine soziale Absicherung bieten, gehören die bestehenden Regulierungen auf den Prüfstand.
Midijobs: Die unbekannte Variante atypischer Beschäftigung
Authors: Keller Berndt , Pusch Toralf , Seifert﻿ Hartmut
Published: March 2021

Midijobs sind in der Debatte über atypische Beschäftigungsformen bislang weitgehend ausgeblendet geblieben. Der empirisch fundierte Beitrag beschreibt nicht nur Ausmaß und Entwicklung dieser Beschäftigungsform, sondern beleuchtet auch deren Strukturmerkmale. Midijobs werden überwiegend als Teilzeitbeschäftigung und mehrheitlich von Frauen ausgeübt. Beschäftigte in Midijobs zählen eher zu den mittleren Altersgruppen und sind etwas weniger qualifiziert als die übrigen sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten ; sie arbeiten vor allem in Dienstleistungsbereichen, in eher einfachen Tätigkeiten und erzielen niedrige Stundenlöhne. Im Vergleich zu sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten oberhalb der Midijobgrenze lassen sich höhere Mobilitätsquoten in und umgekehrt aus Nichterwerbstätigkeit beobachten.
Arbeitgeberhaltungen zur Allgemeinverbindlichkeit von Tarifverträgen in Deutschland und den Niederlanden
Authors: Paster Thomas , Nijhuis Dennie Oude , Kiecker Maximilian
Published: March 2021

Die Allgemeinverbindlicherklärung von Tarifverträgen wird in vielen europäischen Ländern angewandt, um eine stabil hohe Tarifbindung zu erreichen. Aus Sicht der tarifgebundenen Arbeitgeber können allgemeinverbindliche Tarifverträge – dies zeigt sich im Ländervergleich – sowohl als vorteilhaft als auch umgekehrt als nachteilig bewertet werden. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Haltungen der deutschen und niederländischen Arbeitgeberverbände gegenüber allgemeinverbindlichen Tarifverträgen. Es wird gezeigt, dass die niederländischen Arbeitgeber allgemeinverbindliche Tarifverträge deutlich positiver sehen als die deutschen, was deren stärkere Verbreitung in den Niederlanden erklärt. Die unterschiedlichen Positionen der Arbeitgeber haben zum einen historische Gründe. Zum anderen sind sie auf eine unterschiedliche Einschätzung der Auswirkungen von Lohnwettbewerb durch nicht-tarifgebundene Firmen zurückzuführen. In Deutschland trugen zudem Konflikte unter den Arbeitgebern zu einer Erosion der Allgemeinverbindlicherklärung bei, während in den Niederlanden ein branchenübergreifender Konsens unter den Arbeitgebern die Anwendung der Allgemeinverbindlicherklärung erleichtert.
Gold Mining Stakeholders: Diversity and Influence. Roșia Montană Case Study
Authors: Deaconu Adela , Filip Crina Ioana
Published: March 2021

Using historiography, online information and the stakeholders’ theory, this study focuses on the interested parties involved in a highly controversial gold mining project in Romania’s Roșia Montană area. The study documents the emergence and influence of different stakeholders (and the relationships between them). The research result suggests that company management and project investors (in this case involving the State as minority owner and regulator and a Canadian company as the majority owner) need to be aware of the objectives of a range of stakeholders including the general public, environmental campaigners and cultural agencies. They should identify shared stakeholder objectives and take these objectives into account when assessing the prospects of a mining project. Ultimately, these findings could be a lesson in political conduct for stakeholders involved in similar projects in other East European countries.
How the COVID-19 pandemic affects specialty training: An analysis of a nationwide survey among otolaryngology residents in Chile
Authors: Álvarez Matías L , Waissbluth Sofia , González Claudia , Napolitano Carla , Torrente Mariela , Délano Paul H , Alarcón Ricardo , Férnandez Francisca , Bitrán Roger
Published: March 2021

Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19, has become a global pandemic. Given that the highest viral load of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is found in the airway, otolaryngologists are at high risk of infection. As a result, multiple recommendations have emerged regarding protective measures for surgical teams, including suspending non-urgent procedures and surgeries. Objectives To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on otolaryngology residency training programs nationwide. Methods A cross-sectional survey-based study was completed in April 2020. The participants were recruited through an online survey, sent by email to all Chilean otolaryngology residents. Demographics, clinical activities, on-call shifts, COVID-19 infection status, exposure to COVID-19 patients, deployment to other specialties, diagnostic/therapeutic procedures, and surgeries performed were analyzed. Self-reported surgical data logs from previous years were used to compare results. Results Forty-seven residents completed the survey (84% response rate); 64% of residents refer seeing patients ten days or less during April 2020. Commonly performed procedures such as flexible nasolaryngoscopy, rigid nasal endoscopy, and peritonsillar abscess drainage were not performed by over 40% of the residents in that month. Only 38% participated in surgeries, with an average of 0.6 surgeries as a first surgeon, a dramatic decrease in surgical exposure when comparing the data logs from previous years. Most residents refer the following measures taken by their residency program to improve residency training: bibliographic videoconferences (87%), online clinical case seminars (60%), weekly journal clubs (38%), among others. Conclusions Clinical and surgical opportunities decreased dramatically during April 2020. Adjustments to the regular academic curricula should be considered to decrease the negative impact of this pandemic on residency training.
Substantiation of application of the strategic planning methods In order to improve efficiency of the automated systems of fire and explosion protection at the fuel and energy complex facilities In the special conditions
Authors: Samarin Ilya , Grinyaev Sergey , Strogonov Andrey , Topolskiy Nikolay , Kruchkov Aleksey
Published: March 2021

This paper presents substantiation of the obligatory application of the strategic planning methods in order to improve efficiency of the automated systems of fire and explosion protection (ASFEP) at the facilities of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) in the special conditions. To this end, the technological production process of the FEC facilities is divided into destructive and creative subprocesses. It is assumed that the events that cause the potentially dangerous situations, which are connected with fires and explosions, form the destructive subprocess. The activities, which are carried out within the framework of fire safety plans at the FEC facilities and which are controlled by the shift on duty, form the creative subprocess. Events of the first subprocess reduce efficiency of the ASFEP, while events of the second subprocess increase efficiency of this system. Authors of the article propose the continuous curve of recovery of the ASFEP efficiency in order to ensure modelling the type of influence of various rehabilitation measures. Two kinds of the exponential functions enveloping the moments of fire and rehabilitation are analysed for these subprocesses. The article describes the graph of actual rehabilitation of the ASFEP efficiency taking into account assumptions concerning nature of these functions. It was established that management of the relevant measures, which is determined with the help of the strategic planning methods, is the most significant parameter in this model.
An Analysis of Total Water Storage Changes Obtained from GRACE FO Observations over the Venezia Islands Area Supported with Additional Data
Authors: Biryło Monika , Rzepecka Zofia
Published: March 2021

The Venezia Islands are a very special area from the hydrological point of view due to its water mass changes. Regular floods results in the need for the regular monitoring of water mass changes. For this purpose, a Gravity Recovery and  Climate Experiment mission (GRACE) can be used as a source of data. The aim of the paper is to compare the latest results of the new GRACE FO  observations. The comparisons were carried out all over Venezia Island using the L3 level, RL06 release data obtained with spherical harmonics degree and order extension of up to 120, by the three most important computational centres: JPL, GFZ, CSR. Results are compared to an average month values of precipitation and evapotranspiration and tide gauge data in the nearby area. Based on the research, no dependence between TWS and evapotranspiration and evapotranspiration change were found.
The Issue of Updating the Real Estate Cadastre in the Field of Land Use in Connection with the Construction of a Building
Authors: Karabin‑Zych Magdalena
Published: March 2021

From the year 2014 to July 31, 2020, setting out a building was surveying work subject to the obligation to report to the locally competent district governor  (starosta) before it was commenced. After completion of the building setting out, the contractor of surveying works was obliged to notify the authorities of the completion of the surveying works and to submit the results of surveying works connected with the building setting out. Since July 31, 2020, following the amended Geodesic and Cartographic Law, the obligation to report the building setting out has been repealed. Despite that, the real estate owner will still be obliged to submit an appropriate application to the starost to disclose the new land use in accordance with Article 22 of the Geodesic and Cartographic Law. The author has analysed 31 documentation sets, being the results of building setting out procedures. The analysis verified the size of a land parcel on which the buildings were set out, what land use was presented before setting out and what land use was presented after the building setting out. In addition,  the current state of development of the land parcel (as of July 2020) was examined using map portals, and an orthophotomap was used to check whether the building was constructed, in order to verify whether the real estate cadastre was updated further.
Water Erosion Mapping by RUSLE: A Geomatic Approach by GIS and Remote Sensing in the Oued Isser Watershed, Tlemcen, Algeria
Authors: Talbi Okacha , Fatmi Belaïd , Benhanifia Khatir , Talbi Djilali
Published: March 2021

Prolonged water erosion leads to severe soil degradation, with highly visible scars. Consequently, the quantitative and descriptive estimation by mapping of the phenomenon has become the main objective of a great deal of research.  It is this perspective that this study takes, based on the Revised Universal Soil  Losses Equation (RUSLE) for a relatively accurate estimate, by integrating Arc‑GIS tools and remote sensing using high spatial resolution (10 m) image from the Sentinel‑2A satellite. The model uses data on precipitation, soil, topography  and vegetation cover management. The methodological approach taken implements this model in order to optimize its use by the various potential users in their planning and decision‑making studies. An application was carried out in the Oued Isser watershed (Tlemcen, Algeria). Soil loss maps were produced and the results indicate a high variation in soil losses in the study area and show that the highest values are concentrated on steep slopes, hence the great influence of the topographic parameter relative to other factors in the model.
PRAKTYKA GRANIA WŚRÓD GRACZY 50+ W PERSPEKTYWIE ETNOGRAFII WIRTUALNEJ
Authors: Gałuszka Damian
Published: March 2021

W artykule przedstawiono zjawisko grania wśród osób dojrzałych i starszych. W tym celu przeprowadzono w 2017 roku badanie w podejściu do wirtualnej etnografii, obejmujące dwa ważne fora internetowe dla graczy w wieku 25 lat i starszych: The Older Gamers (TOG) i Senior Gamers (SG). W sumie zakodowano zestaw 471 postów, co przełożyło się na pogłębiony opis pięciu istotnych aspektów praktyki grania wśród graczy 50+: ogólnych, na które składają się podstawowe cechy demograficzne użytkowników, ich nawyki, sprzęt używany do grania, kompetencje i wiedza związana z grami oraz rola środowiska społecznego, zwłaszcza rodziny, w rozwoju praktyki grania. Badanie to stanowi novum, ponieważ wykorzystuje podejście wirtualnej etnografii do zagadnienia sięgania po gry cyfrowe przez osoby starsze, ale także rozpoczyna dyskusję na ten temat w polskim dyskursie akademickim.
DOES TIME ALLOCATION MATTER IN PROMOTION DECISIONS? – A CASE STUDY OF WOMEN MANAGERS IN APTIV KRAKOW TECH CENTER
Authors: Zachorowska-Mazurkiewicz Anna , Szyndera-Sołtysik Magdalena
Published: March 2021

Each day people make decisions regarding work-life balance, and these decisions impact many aspects of their lives, including career paths. In our article we point towards the relation between time and professional careers. There are more men than women in higher managerial positions and we inquire if time allocation matters when men and women choose to accept promotion or not. We start with a literature review regarding these issues, followed by empirical studies. The empirical studies have a twofold character. First, we conduct analysis of time-use data, and then we present the case study of managers in Aptiv Krakow Tech Center. As a result of the conducted studies, it seems that time is a constraint especially for women, although in terms of the stories of individual managers it is not evident as a universal barrier.
„SZARA PRZESTRZEŃ”. CHARAKTERYSTYKA POSTKOLONIALNEGO I URBANISTYCZNEGO DYSKURSU KRYTYCZNEGO ORENA YIFTACHELA
Authors: Wielewska-Baka Martyna
Published: March 2021

Artykuł przedstawia kluczowe narzędzia i metody tzw. krytycznej teorii urbanistycznej zaproponowanej przez Orena Yiftachela, izraelskiego badacza i aktywisty wykładającego na Wydziale Geografii na Uniwersytecie Ben Guriona w Beer Shevie. Autorka omawia fenomen „szarej przestrzeni” (czy: „miejskich nieformalności”), który doskonale odzwierciedla niższy status niektórych obywateli miejskich, reprezentowany u Yiftachel przez autochtoniczną populację Beduinów. Tego typu zjawisko może być obserwowane również pośród innych zbiorowości w miastach przynależących do globalnego Wschodu czy Południa. Autorka podąża za izraelskim badaczem ku inspiracjom kolonialnym i (neo)marksistowskim, by przedstawić znaczenie pojęć „pełzającego apartheidu”, hegemonii, artykulacji i antagonizmu. Według Yiftachela marginalizowane grupy mają zdolność wyrażania swojej antagonistycznej postawy w miejskich, kulturowych i politycznych praktykach, np. poprzez tzw. sumood czy budowanie pamięci.
PREFERENCJE MUZYCZNE W DOBIE POPULARNOŚCI STRUMIENIOWEGO SŁUCHANIA MUZYKI
Authors: Parus-Jankowska Magdalena , Nożyński Szymon Nożyński
Published: March 2021

Autorzy zastanawiają się, jak w sytuacji coraz powszechniejszego użytkowania i dostępu do usług strumieniowych sprawdzają się badania preferencji muzycznych. Dzisiaj, kiedy każdy słuchacz pozostawia bardzo szczegółowe informacje o sobie  – tylko korzystając z nowych form dystrybucji muzyki  – być może badania preferencji nie są konieczne. Niemniej jednak tego rodzaju badania mogą odpowiedzieć na pytanie, dlaczego słucha się konkretnej muzyki, co stanowić będzie jakościowe wskazanie, bardziej precyzyjne niż mapa stworzona przez algorytm. Słuchając strumieniowo, użytkownik tworzy własny profil, często nieświadomie, a algorytmy przekształcają go w odpowiednie sugestie muzyczne. Robią to w sposób „dyplomatyczny”, dzięki czemu słuchacz ma poczucie dokonywania autonomicznych wyborów. Warto zatem przyjrzeć się działaniu algorytmów i zagrożeniom, jakie ze sobą niosą.
WHO IS GRETA THUNBERG? ECHOES OF THE WORLD CLIMATE DISCUSSION IN THE DISCOURSE OF MOROCCAN INDEPENDENT MEDIA
Authors: Pałka-Lasek Agnieszka
Published: March 2021

The article is an attempt to present the response drawn in the Arabic independent media by the world discussion on the figure of the Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg, Time magazine’s Person of the Year for 2019. Using the tools for discourse analysis, the research focuses mainly on the way the activist’s image is created in the context of the social role assumed by the Internet press media as news publishers, covering the plane of language, transmitting ideas and social interactions. Articles from the Moroccan Internet journal Hespress (for several years one of the most often visited website among the Moroccan e-community), come from the period from 27 September to 29 December 2019, were used as the research material.
“(UN)NECESSARY CHANGES.” SELF-IMAGE TRANSFORMATIONS AND REORGANIZATION OF EVERYDAY LIFE OF WOMEN WITH ACQUIRED DISABILITIES AS A CONSEQUENCE OF NEOPLASTIC DISEASE
Authors: Piątek Katarzyna
Published: March 2021

The aim of the article is to present, based on the author’s research, identity problems and conflicts of social roles experienced by women with acquired disability which is a consequence of cancer. The research shows that numerous tensions and dilemmas occur in relation to a conflict between being a disabled woman and her family, professional and social roles. Disability is connected with inability to perform all former roles and the need to reorganize everyday life, thus affecting the image of oneself. Therefore, the situation of becoming disabled is a critical moment which forces the redefinition of ‘Ego’, a change of former lifestyle, performed roles, and relations with other people. In order to cope with these challenges and adapt to change, women take up various action strategies.
PRACA ZAWODOWA W ŻYCIU OSÓB Z CHOROBĄ NOWOTWOROWĄ
Authors: Pluta Magdalena
Published: March 2021

Nowotwory złośliwe stanowią poważny problem zdrowotny, społeczny i ekonomiczny. Ze względu na postęp medycyny wzrasta liczba osób wyleczonych z choroby, które muszą się zmierzyć z podjęciem pracy zawodowej lub powrotem do niej. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie miejsca i roli pracy w życiu osób z rakiem, problemów, z jakimi się one zmagają po powrocie do pracy oraz zasygnalizowanie możliwych dróg ich rozwiązania. Tekst został wzbogacony o fragmenty wywiadów asynchronicznych online z kobietami z chorobą nowotworową (n = 10) będącymi w wieku aktywności zawodowej oraz komentarze interpretacyjne. Badania uwidaczniają, że praca zawodowa niesie ze sobą wiele korzyści dla chorujących, ale jednocześnie jest przyczyną doświadczania licznych trudności. Pacjentom i pracodawcom brakuje wiedzy na temat możliwości wsparcia osób przewlekle chorych w procesie pracy, działania interwencyjnie są rzadko podejmowane, a pomoc ze strony państwa jest niewystarczająca. W związku z tym istnieje pilna potrzeba wdrożenia działań mających na celu wsparcie pacjentów i ich pracodawców w procesie pracy.
IDENTITY AND THE SENSE OF SUBJECTIVITY IN PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF FAMILY LIFE DESTABILIZATION
Authors: Niedbalski Jakub
Published: March 2021

The lives of families who take care of people with disabilities are full of unexpected events, unwanted situations, and difficulties that accumulate at every step. Therefore, bearing in mind the purpose of this paper, I focused on determining those conditions which are a source of destabilization in the lives of families with intellectually disabled children. I attemptto reconstruct the sources of threats to the sense of subjectivity and the shaping of the identity of parents who have children with disabilities. The theoretical framework of the analysis is symbolic interactionism. The research material used in the presented article is composed of personal experiences of parents of disabled individuals, and unstructured interviews were performed with these people. Analysis of the research material was performed in accordance with the procedures of grounded theory methodology.
BYĆ PRACOWNIKIEM Z ZESPOŁEM DOWNA. DOBRE PRAKTYKI WSPARCIA AKTYWNOŚCI ZAWODOWEJ TRÓJMIEJSKICH PROJEKTÓW „PRZYSTANEK SZEKSPIR” I „SZEKSPIR NA START”
Authors: Woynarowska Agnieszka Aleksandra Woynarowska
Published: March 2021

Artykuł przedstawia dobre praktyki wspierające aktywność zawodową osób z zespołem Downa realizowane w ramach trójmiejskich projektów „Przystanek Szekspir” i „Szekspir na Start”. Ukazane działania próbują włączyć do rynku dobrodziejstwa pracy osoby wykluczone z kręgu uprzywilejowanych. Aby zrekonstruować działania, relacje i znaczenia doświadczeń pracy objawiające się w przestrzeni projektów, autorka przeprowadziła projekt badawczy, którego ramę metodologiczną stanowiła metoda etnograficzna. Materiał badawczy został zebrany za pomocą obserwacji, wywiadów pogłębionych, wywiadów etnograficznych i notatek terenowych. Rozpatrując dobre praktyki wspierające aktywność zawodową osób z zespołem Downa, autorka prezentuje w tekście odpowiedzi na następujące pytania problemowe: Jak realizowane są omawiane projekty aktywności zawodowej? Co się wydarza/ dzieje w projektach? Jakie znaczenia swoim doświadczeniom pracy nadają pracownicy z zespołem Downa? Jak pracę tychże pracowników postrzegają ich współpracownicy, trenerzy pracy oraz pracodawcy?
INSTITUTIONALIZED CHAOS INSTEAD OF INDEPENDENT LIVING. FORCED MODERNIZATION AND ASSISTANT SERVICES IN POLAND
Authors: Giermanowska Ewa , Racław Mariola , Szawarska Dorota
Published: March 2021

Personal assistance for people with disabilities in Poland is not available as part of a comprehensive state policy; it is instead a dispersed, fragmented service based on projects. There is a lack of both a national strategy for independent living (including solutions for personal assistance as a key tool) and a plan for deinstitutionalisation of support services. A disabled person as an independent entity seems to be invisible to legislators, despite the postulates regarding “tailor-made” services or “profiling of help” present in public discourse. At the same time, uncoordinated changes are taking place regarding support for people with disabilities, including assistance services. They are partly forced by Poland’s ratification (2012) of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and partly due to grassroots social innovations of non-governmental organizations. In the article, the authors analyse the factors responsible for the current state of affairs in the context of the theory of imposed modernization, emphasizing the superficiality of institutional changes. They will refer to critical research of public policies (so-called street level bureaucracies) analysing the daily practices of public officials and the social consequences for their recipients. The limitations of the model of personal assistance services as services including disabled people in the mainstream of social life will also be discussed.
CONSUMER TRICKS AND STRATEGIES AMONG POLISH MIGRANTS IN BELFAST, NORTHERN IRELAND
Authors: Kempny Marta
Published: March 2021

This paper examines practices and strategies of consumption among Polish migrants in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Bridging theoretical perspectives on postmodernism, transnationalism and consumer society, the author discusses extent to which consumerism among Polish migrants can be seen as their way of integration with the local community in Northern Ireland. Focusing on conspicuous and inconspicuous consumption, this article explores the reasons why migrants take on the local consumption practices. Furthermore it examines migrants’ attempts to increase their social status, and display wealth through their engagement in consumer culture. Next, differences in Polish and local consumption patterns are teased out. Following this, the author links consumerism among Polish migrants to their embeddedness in local, transnational and global spheres. This research adopts 30 in-depth interviews.
WIELOKULTUROWOŚĆ NOWEJ HUTY
Authors: Majcherek Janusz A.
Published: March 2021

Miasto jest strukturą z istoty wielokulturową. Dotyczy to w szczególności tych miast, które powstały lub rozwinęły się w okresie intensywnej industrializacji, pociągającej gwałtowny przyrost ludności napływającej z różnych stron. Wbrew ujednolicającym procesom urbanizacyjnym oraz odgórnie narzucanej ideologii, także społeczeństwo Nowej Huty wykazywało i wykazuje cechy wielokulturowości charakterystycznej dla miejskich ośrodków imigracyjnych, lecz jako swoistą jej odmianę, wynikającą ze specyfiki miejsca i czasu, w których powstawała.
JA – CHŁOPKA, JA – MIASTOWA. DOŚWIADCZENIE MIGRACJI ZE WSI DO MIAST W PAMIĘTNIKARSKICH RELACJACH KOBIET W POLSKIEJ RZECZPOSPOLITEJ LUDOWEJ
Authors: Gospodarczyk Marta Gospodarczyk
Published: March 2021

W artykule opisano procesy przemian tożsamościowych Polek migrujących ze wsi do miast w latach pięćdziesiątych i sześćdziesiątych ubiegłego wieku. Na podstawie analizy danych zastanych – pamiętników – opisane zostaną dwa sposoby kreowania własnej tożsamości w stosunku do społecznego obrazu „wiejskości” i „miejskości”, oraz społecznego konstruktu kobiecości w kontekście wiejskim i miejskim. Dwa modele migracji zostaną przedstawione na przykładzie dwóch narracji pamiętnikarskich zanalizowanych za pomocą narzędzi właściwych dla metody biograficznej. Pamiętniki analizowane są w kontekście ówczesnego dyskursu modernizacyjnego, w opozycji do powszechnego binarnego sposobu postrzegania miasta (jako przestrzeni modernizującej się, aktywnej, nowoczesnej) i wsi („zacofanej”, tradycyjnej), a także modeli kobiecości właściwych dla tych dwóch przestrzeni. Zadaniem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na specyfikę kobiecego doświadczenia migracji i opisanie sposobów adaptacji do nowego stylu życia.
Force Control for Anthropomorphic Fingers Actuated by Shape Memory Alloy Wires
Authors:   Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering, at Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Romania, Hulea Mircea
Published: March 2021

High accuracy in modelling the behavior of human hand and fingers is obtained using control devices of high biological plausibility. Such devices are typically based on neural networks and are able to control in parallel multiple artificial muscles. This paper presents the structure of an electronic spiking neural network that was implemented to control the force of two opposing fingers of an anthropomorphic hand. In order to increase the level of bio-inspiration, the artificial muscles are implemented using shape memory alloy wires which actuates by contraction as the natural muscles. Moreover, the contraction force of the SMA actuators is directly related to the spiking frequency that is generated by the artificial neurons. The results show that using few excitatory and inhibitory neurons the neural network is able to set and regulate the contraction force of the SMA actuators.
Cognatiyoonia
Authors: Wang Tao , Wirth Joseph S. , Whitman William B.
Published: March 2021

Cog.na.ti.yoo'ni.a. L. masc. adj.
cognatus
relative, related, kindred; N.L. fem. n.
Yoonia
, a bacteria generic name; N.L. fem. n.
Cognatiyoonia
relative of
Yoonia
.

Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhodobacterales / Rhodobacteraceae / Cognatiyoonia

Gram‐negative‐staining, aerobic, catalase‐ and oxidase‐positive, rods to ovals. Growth occurs at 5–46°C, 0–6% (w/v) NaCl, and pH 6.0–10.0. Capable of utilizing a variety of carbon compounds including carbohydrates and carboxylic acids. The principal fatty acid is summed feature 8 (C
18:1
ω7
c
and/or C
18:1
ω6
c
). The major respiratory quinone is ubiquinone 10 (Q‐10). Species have been isolated from sea sand and surface sediment. Member of the family
Rhodobacteraceae
. The type species is
Cognatiyoonia koreensis
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 54.4–57.2.

Type species
:
Cognatiyoonia koreensis
Wirth and Whitman 2018
VP
(
Loktanella koreensis
Weon et al. 2006).
Cricetibacter
Authors: Nicklas Werner , Bisgaard Magne , Christensen Henrik
Published: March 2021

Cri.ce.ti.bac'ter. N.L. masc. n.
Cricetus
a hamster genus; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
rod; N.L. masc. n.
Cricetibacter
a rod‐shaped bacterium isolated from the hamster genus
Cricetus
.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pasteurellales / Pasteurellaceae / Cricetibacter

The genus
Cricetibacter
was established based on the investigation of four strains isolated from European hamsters (
Cricetus cricetus
) and a single strain from a Syrian hamster (
Mesocricetus auratus
). Based on the phenotypic characteristics, the bacteria were previously classified as Krause's group 2 and Bisgaard Taxon 23. Colony morphology and cultural characteristics are typical for the family
Pasteurellaceae
. Colonies are small, regular, and circular with smooth and shiny appearance. The genus can be separated from other genera of the family
Pasteurellaceae
by negative reactions for catalase, urease, and ornithine and positive reactions for indole, alkaline phosphatase, dulcitol, (−)‐
d
‐mannitol, and (−)‐
d
‐sorbitol. Menaquinone 7 as well as an unknown ubiquinone with a short chain length was found. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, the closest relative to
Cricetibacter
is
Mannheimia glucosida
with 95.2% similarity. The
rpoB
gene sequence analysis showed identical sequences for all strains. The genus consists of only one species
Cricetibacter osteomyelitidis
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 41.9–42.0.

DNA G + C content (mol%) of the type strain HIM943/7

T

of Cricetibacter osteomyelitidis
: 40.8 determined by whole‐genomic sequencing.

Type species
:
Cricetibacter osteomyelitidis
Christensen et al. 2014
VP
.
Mesocricetibacter
Authors: Nicklas Werner , Bisgaard Magne , Christensen Henrik
Published: March 2021

Me.so.cri.ce.ti.bac'ter. N.L. masc. n.
Mesocricetus
a hamster genus; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
rod; N.L. masc. n.
Mesocricetibacter
a rod‐shaped bacterium isolated from the hamster genus
Mesocricetus
.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pasteurellales / Pasteurellaceae / Mesocricetibacter

The genus
Mesocricetibacter
was established by investigation of six strains isolated from Syrian hamsters with cecitis and from healthy animals. The bacteria were previously characterized by phenotypic properties and by DNA–DNA hybridization and classified as Krause's group 1 and subsequently as Bisgaard Taxon 24. All strains studied show typical colonies and cultural characteristics of the members of the family
Pasteurellaceae
. The strains form a monophyletic group within
Pasteurellaceae
based on 16S rRNA and partial
rpoB
gene sequence comparison. Members of the group exhibit above 90% binding in DNA–DNA reassociation tests. The genus can be separated from other members of the
Pasteurellaceae
by positive reactions for indole and urease and a negative or weak reaction for alkaline phosphatase. The reaction for catalase is negative. Acid is formed from (−)‐
d
‐mannitol and (−)‐
d
‐sorbitol, and gas is produced from (+)‐
d
‐glucose. Acid production is negative from dulcitol, maltose, and trehalose. Menaquinone 7 as well as an unknown ubiquinone with a short chain length was found. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, the closest relative to
Mesocricetibacter
is
Necropsobacter rosorum
. The genus consists of only one species,
Mesocricetibacter intestinalis
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 47.5–48.7.

DNA G + C content (mol%) of the type strain HIM933/7

T

of Mesocricetibacter intestinalis
: 46.6 determined by whole‐genomic sequencing.

Type species
:
Mesocricetibacter intestinalis
Christensen et al. 2014
VP
.