bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geologists and Ideas: A History of North American Geology
Authors: Millbrooke Anne
Published: October 2011

Prepared by the History of Geology Division of the Geological Society of America, Geologists and Ideas commemorates the centennial of that society. It is not, however, the traditional history of an organization issued on the occasion of an anniversary, nor is it a survey of the history of American geology. The volume is a collection of 33 articles, intended, according to the introduction, “to spotlight events, ideas, and people, and thus shed light on the history of North American geology as a whole.”

The articles, written mostly by geologists, are loosely organized into four categories: the evolution of significant ideas, contributions of individuals, contributions of organized groups, and application of significant ideas. Abstracts, explanatory notes, and lists of references accompany the articles. In general, the authors regularly and heavily cite geological publications and rarely refer to archival and manuscript sources. Most of the articles assume a familiarity with the geology and geologists under discussion. Many of the papers cover an idea from its inception to the present, and most of them focus on the history of ideas, the central theme of the volume.
State of the World 1987
Authors: Reid George C.
Published: October 2011

As every scientist knows, the behavior of nonlinear systems is hard to predict, and their ultimate fate can be catastrophic. State of the World 1987 is the fourth in an annual series of reports on the impact of the human species on the habitability of the planet, the prospects for the future, and the steps that need to be taken if we are to achieve a long‐term equilibrium with the rest of the biosphere and with the finite resources of the earth itself. This is surely a nonlinear problem of the highest order but one for which some kind of solution needs to be found within the next generation or two if our species is to survive.

In 11 chapters, written by seven of the authors in varying combinations, the report presents a sobering and almost frightening picture of what is happening to society and what is likely to happen within the lifetime of many of us. The tone is calm and never hysterical, but the message comes through clearly. The two fundamental problems are that there are too many of us and that we have been too clever at devising new technology and not clever enough at assessing and alleviating its impact.
A new system for management of the “Master Oceanographic Observation Data Set” (MOODS)
Authors: Teague William J. , Molinelli Eugene J. , Carron Michael J.
Published: October 2011

The Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) at NSTL, Miss., collects, analyzes, and displays oceanographic and hydrographic data to support naval operations. The Fleet Numerical Oceanography Center (FNOC) in Monterey, Calif., serves as the production center for most analysis and forecast fields of oceanographic and meteorological parameters, including daily environmental tactical support products for the operating forces. Until 1985, FNOC was responsible for the Master Oceanographic Observation Data Set (MOODS). NAVOCEANO has obtained MOODS from FNOC in order to provide for its maintenance and updating. The term “maintenance” in this case means making data contained in MOODS available to investigators at NAVOCEANO and available to other data requestors that NAVOCEANO is obligated to serve. “Updating” means adding to MOODS both recent observations and data not already contained in MOODS, as well as improving the quality of the data in MOODS. NAVOCEANO is in the process of developing a computer‐based system to perform those functions.
NSF seeks proposals for ocean sciences mass spectrometer facility
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Ocean Sciences Division of the National Science Foundation (NSF) is soliciting and reviewing proposals to establish and handle the initial operation of an accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) facility. This facility is needed for the analysis of radiocarbon and other tracer samples collected during upcoming field programs of various global geosciences projects and from projects of individual research grants. Presently, adequate facilities to make the requisite number of analyses per year do not exist.
DISCO questionnaire
Authors: Sackett Bill
Published: October 2011

AGU is working with Ed Green of the Office of Naval Research (Arlington, Va.) and Neil Anderson of the National Science Foundation (Washington, D.C.) to develop a questionnaire that will be sent to all past participants in DISCO (Dissertations Symposium on Chemical Oceanography). About 200 new Ph.D.s in chemical oceanography have participated in the seven DISCOs that have been held over the past 10 years.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 12(4), April 30, 1987, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E87‐005 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Customer Services, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are available from AGU Fulfillment at the above address; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
Geomagnetic observatories threatened again
Authors: Lanzerotti L. J. , Chave A. D.
Published: October 2011

In its fiscal year (FY) 1988 budget, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is again proposing to close two geomagnetic observatories (Eos, February 10, 1987, p. 78). Reliable sources have indicated to us that one of the contemplated closings is of an Alaskan observatory. The same actions, proposed for the FY 1987 budget and commented upon by one of us (Lanzerotti; Eos, March 25, 1986, p. 145), fortunately did not occur.
Highlights of Publications Committee Meeting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Publications Committee has the responsibility for the oversight of the entire publications program of the Union. They are the chief advisors to the Council on all matters relating to publication policy and practice. The committee meets twice each year for an all‐day review of current areas of concern relating to journals, books, and translations. At its April 22, 1987, meeting in Washington, D.C., the following actions were taken:

Decided to alter the Information for Contributors to clarify the expectations of AGU with regard to journal papers that have more than one author.

Agreed to take several steps to inform the AGU members about the responsibilities and authorities of AGU journal editors and to reinforce the responsibilities of reviewers and authors as they relate to papers published by AGU.

Approved a mechanism for evaluating AGU journals against other journals that compete with AGU for authors and readers.

Endorsed a proposal of the Budget and Finance Committee that defines the target for the Council‐designated reserve fund for publications. Recommended to the Budget and Finance Committee that future budgets carry a specific designation for investment in new technology for the publications activities.

Reaffirmed the policy that only one subscription per member be provided at the special member rate. Urged staff to review the pricing structure for single issues to make it easier for members to purchase the occasional single issue.

Encouraged the Translations Board to develop further their proposal for a data base on materials available in translation. Also requested the Translations Board to investigate translation of Japanese scientific literature, especially in hydrology.

Agreed to support the Education and Human Resources Committee proposal to Council for testing a high school magazine based on items published in Eos. Made several suggestions for ways to improve the proposal with regard to the content of the magazine.
UN sets up new fund
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) recently established a trust fund called the United Nations Fund for Science and Technology for Development (UNFSTD). This new fund will aim to strengthen UNDP's support of science, technology, and energy in developing countries. It replaces the United Nations Financing System for Science and Technology for Development, and it has been merged with the UNDP Energy Office/Account.
Recent Ph.D.s
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics. Faculty members are invited to submit the following information, on institution letterhead, above the signature of the faculty advisor or department chairman:

the dissertation title,

author's name,

name of the degree‐granting department and institution,

faculty advisor,

month and year degree was awarded, and

category of dissertation subject (Atmospheric Sciences, Hydrology, Ocean Sciences, Solid Earth, or Space Sciences).

If possible, include the current address and telephone number of the degree recipient (this information will not be published).
Nominations for officers 1988”1990
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The nominees listed below were presented by the Union and section nominating committees and were accepted by the Council. Additional nominations may be made by petition by AGU members in accordance with the bylaws.
JGR‐Solid Earth and Planets editor Steven W. Squyres
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

Planetary science is in a time of transition from a descriptive science to a more quantitative and analytical field of study, according to Steven W. Squyres, one of the editors of the Journal of Geophysical Research‐Solid Earth and Planets. This transition is “moving the discipline solidly into the realm of science traditionally covered by JGR,” Squyres said. “My objective as editor for planetology is to assure that JGR is the premier journal for the publication of scientifically rigorous work on the solid bodies of the solar system.”
New model describes China's geologic history
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A new model that dates the collision of the North China Block with the South China Block more recently than had been previously thought by most geologists has been proposed by scientists at the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC). The model, which was proposed by Xixi Zhao and Robert Coe, shows that the North China Block and the South China Block collided at a single point about 200 million years ago near what is now Shanghai, during the Early Triassic Period.

Most other geological interpretations show that the blocks joined in Permian or earlier times. The South China Block then rotated about 70° relative to the North China Block, bringing the two blocks into contact along a 1200‐mile border. An inland sea was eliminated by the collision, and the Qin‐Ling Mountains were pushed up along the current boundary.
Siphon‐induced intermittent discharge
Authors: Huntoon Peter W. , Coogan James C.
Published: October 2011

Periodic Spring discharges cold water from an unenterable cave in the Madison Limestone along the axis of the Periodic anticline in the Absaroka thrust sheet of the Salt River Range of western Wyoming. As shown on the cover, the spring “turns on and off with variable cyclicity during low discharge stages. The intermittent yield is not the result of hydrothermal activity; rather, it is caused by the mechanical operation of a siphon in the cave behind the spring.
Hydrology Sessions, 1986 AGU Fall Meeting
Authors: Sorooshian Soroosh
Published: October 2011

The Hydrology Program of the 1986 AGU Fall Meeting held in San Francisco, Calif., in December was truly a success, thanks to the session organizers and participants. There were 28 half‐day sessions, two of which were poster sessions. A total of 330 presentations were given, 71 of which were poster presentations. I am particularly pleased with the success that our poster sessions had. The feedback on the posters has been extremely positive, and this is a good indication that posters are by no means “second class.” The Hydrology Section committees are considering the organization of a few of their special theme sessions as half‐day poster sessions to be held in a meeting area smaller than Brooks Hall, where poster sessions were held last time. I would appreciate any suggestions that you may have to improve our hydrology meeting program.
Risk assessment in water quality management
Authors: Marin Carlos M.
Published: October 2011

A half‐day session focusing on risk assessment in water quality management was held on the morning of December 11, 1986, in San Francisco, Calif., at the AGU Fall Meeting. The session's objective was to review advances and applications of risk assessment techniques in surface and subsurface water quality management problems. Participants included representatives from academia, private firms, and state and federal agencies.
Luna B. Leopold Symposium
Authors: Prestegaard Karen L.
Published: October 2011

The Erosion and Sedimentation Committee sponsored a special session at the 1986 AGU Fall Meeting (San Francisco, Calif.) to honor Luna B. Leopold on the occasion of his retirement from teaching at the University of California, Berkeley. This researcher has played an important role in the development of geomorphology as a quantitative science. William Bull (University of Arizona, Tucson) recently summarized Leopold's importance to the field (Eos, November 4, 1986, p. 947): His leadership set the pace by asking fundamental questions, emphasizing careful, quantitative field investigations, administering the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, active participation in the international scientific community, teaching all levels of students at the University of California, and by placing the long‐term prosperity of conservation and aesthetics ahead of short‐term monetary profits.
Particle transport in porous media
Authors: Corapcioglu M. Yavuz , Hunt James R.
Published: October 2011

The migration and capture of particles (such as colloidal materials and microorganisms) through porous media occur in fields as diversified as water and wastewater treatment, well drilling, and various liquid‐solid separation processes. In liquid waste disposal projects, suspended solids can cause the injection well to become clogged, and groundwater quality can be endangered by suspended clay and silt particles because of migration to the formation adjacent to the well bore. In addition to reducing the permeability of the soil, mobile particles can carry groundwater contaminants adsorbed onto their surfaces. Furthermore, as in the case of contamination from septic tanks, the particles themselves may be pathogens, i.e., bacteria and viruses.
NAS Panel endorses science center concept
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Science and technology centers, as proposed by President Ronald Reagan in his January 1987 State of the Union message, could make “significant contributions to science and to the nation's economic competitiveness,” according to a new report by a National Academy of Sciences (NAS) panel. What will be necessary to realize these contributions, the panel cautioned, are proper management, adequate resources, and, “above all, the selection of programs for which the centers are the most effective form of organization.”

NSF plans to support science and technology centers, beginning October 1, 1988, which is the start of fiscal year 1988. NSF requested guidance from the NAS panel in implementing the program. Although other government agencies will participate in the program, NSF will play the primary role.
Colorado Peak named for Challenger crew
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

One of the summits of Kit Carson Mountain in the Sangre de Cristo range in south‐central Colorado will be named “Challenger Point” in memory of the seven astronauts who died in the U.S. space shuttle disaster in January 1986. Challenger Point is a well‐defined summit that appears to be piggybacked onto Kit Carson Mountain, just as the space shuttle Challenger was to its main booster rocket.

The newly named summit is about 6 km northeast of Cottonwood, Colo., and 8 km east of Crestone, Colo. The 4292‐m‐high point is located at 37°59′N, 105°36′W.
Oliver H. Gish 1883”1987
Authors: Crow Eleanor G. , Gish Donald M.
Published: October 2011

Oliver H. Gish, age 103, a noted geophysicist, died peacefully in Athens, Ga., on February 22, 1987. Gish, son of John E. Gish and Fannie R. Herr, was born on a farm near Abilene, Kan., on September 7, 1883. He was a descendent of Matthias Gish, who emigrated from Germany to Lancaster County, Pa., in 1733. On his mother's side he was descended from Hans Herr who led the first Mennonite Colony which settled in Lancaster County in 1710. In 1878, Gish's grandfather, Benjamin Gish, led a group of Brethren in Christ (River Brethren) from Lancaster County, Pa., to Dickinson County, Kan.
New Monograph on Marine Science and International Law
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The International Marine Science Cooperation Program at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (Woods Hole, Mass.) announces its second publication, Marine Scientific Research Boundaries and the Law of the Sea: Discussion and Inventory of National Claims by David A. Ross and Therese A. Landry. The document is in two parts. The first section describes research boundaries and discusses specific articles of the Law of the Sea Treaty that bear on marine scientific research, while the second section is an inventory of the maritime claims by 139 countries.
April streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Heavy rains, combined with melting snow, caused flooding in most of New England early in the month. Conditions in Maine were so extreme that the state was declared a disaster area on April 8. Flooding also occurred in Florida, but no damage was reported . In contrast, certain areas of Idaho are expected to experience severe drought this summer because of the extreme low streamflow conditions there. In general, streamflow was in the normal to above normal ranges for 76% of the 189 reporting streamflow index gaging stations in the United States, Puerto Rico, and southern Canada, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.
New group to focus on crust
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Earth scientists from the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB) will form an interdisciplinary research group to study Earth's crust and lithosphere, it was announced recently. The Institute for Crustal Studies (ICS) will consist of members of the Department of Geological Sciences and other departments at UCSB.
May streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Heavy rains caused flooding in parts of Iowa, Oklahoma, and Texas near the end of May. In contrast, streamflow was in the normal to above normal range in only 58% of the 191 reporting index streamflow gaging stations in the United States, Puerto Rico, and southern Canada, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
Cloud Investigation by Satellite
Authors: Henderson‐Sellers A.
Published: October 2011

This is a picture book. The pictures are black and white images derived from meteorological satellite data. The primary source of imagery is the Advanced Tiros N (ATN) series of polar orbiter satellites, although there are a number of examples from the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) flown on Nimbus 7 and also from the Japanese Geostationary Meteorological Satellites (GMS) 1 and 2. Richard Scorer has selected the majority of his examples from the excellent archive at the University of Dundee's Satellite Laboratory, and hence most are local area coverage (i.e., 1.1‐ km resolution at nadir) data drawn from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR).
G. N. Rassam Joins AGU Staff
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Ghassan N. Rassam joined the AGU staff today, assuming the dual roles of Division Director for Public Information and Marketing and of Special Assistant for Nonprint Publications. He comes to AGU from the American Geological Institute, where he has been chief editor and assistant director of the GeoRef Information System.

As Director of Public Information and Marketing, Rassam will head one of AGU's five divisions. He will have under his purview the Public Information Department and the Promotion and Sales Department. The Public Information Department produces Eos and also has the responsibility for press relations, including the preparation of news releases and the operation of press rooms at meetings. These activities are critical to the implementation of AGU's public education and public affairs initiatives, as well as to the central role of AGU in promoting the unity of geophysics.
JGR‐Solid Earth and Planets editor Kenneth A. Hoffman
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Enhancing the presence of geomagnetism and paleomagnetism in the Journal of Geophysical Research—Solid Earth and Planets is a principal goal for Ken Hoffman during his tenure as an editor of the journal. “Many researchers in paleomagnetism and rock magnetism tend to spread their publications among several journals,” Hoffman said, “perhaps having the mistaken impression that JGR may not always be the appropriate choice for their work.” Hoffman wants to alter this image of JGR, and he extends an open invitation for all significant contributions on topics in geomagnetism and paleomagnetism.
Geoscience doctorates down in 1986
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

U.S. doctoral students in Earth science earned 5% fewer doctorates in 1986 than in 1985, according to a recent study. This is despite the fact that the total number of doctorates awarded in science and engineering went up last year, continuing a fairly steady rise that totals more than 8% since 1980.
GP Best Student Paper at Award Presented Spring Meeting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The GP Section Best Student Paper Award for the 1987 AGU Spring Meeting has been awarded to Patricia Weisse of Syracuse University (Syracuse, N.Y.). Her paper, entitled “The Effect of Progressive Deformation and Metasomatism on Magnetic Fabrics of Mylonitic Granite and Granodiorite, Pinaleno Mountains Shear Zone, Arizona”, was written in conjunction with Jean Crespi of the U.S. Geological Survey (Reston, Va.). Weisse, who has a B.S. from Lehigh University and an M.S. from the University of Massachusetts, is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in paleomagnetism at Syracuse University.
Hydrology Section Executive Committee Minutes
Authors: Mercer James W.
Published: October 2011

The AGU Hydrology Section Executive Committee Meeting was called to order at approximately 4 P.M. on Monday, May 18, 1987, by Hydrology Section President Marshall Moss. In attendance were President‐Elect George Pinder, Secretary Jim Mercer, Ron Cummings, Helen Joyce Peters, Peter Eagleson, Stephen Burges, Jim Wallis, Jurate Landwehr, Don Nielson, Ken Bencala, Pete Loucks, Jery Stedinger, Dennis Lettenmaier, Lenny Konikow, Ken Potter, John Wilson, Ivan Johnson, and Judy Holoviak.
David Bates receives 1987 Fleming Medal
Authors: McElroy Michael B. , Bates David R.
Published: October 2011

David Bates' research career extends over half a century, covers almost half a dozen fields, and continues to the present with undiminished vigor. An interest in the physics and chemistry of the atmosphere has been a persistent theme.

David made trailblazing contributions to our understanding of atomic and molecular processes in the ionosphere. He pioneered early theoretical studies of the aurora and airglow. He pondered, before it was fashionbirefringence able, factors influencing the composition of the atmosphere, not just short‐lived photochemical products such as ozone but also longer‐lived gases such as carbon monoxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. He recognized the importance and subtlety of the ties that link the atmosphere to life and to the world of soil and ocean and foresaw the emerging importance of industrial man as an influence on the global environment.
L. H. Meredith to Join AGU Headquarters Staff
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

On August 3, 1987, Leslie H. Meredith will join the AGU staff in the newly created position of Director of Research Programs. He will also have the title of Group Director, and in that capacity, the Meetings and Member Programs Division will report to him. The establishment of the Research Programs Division will put power behind a very important thrust for the Union. Since the Second World War, AGU has been known for its outstanding publications and meetings. In the 1920s and 1930s, AGU, as a National Academy of Sciences committee, played a strong role in determining scientific directions for geophysics. Now, with the strong support of Past President Charles Drake and President‐Elect Don Anderson, and under the leadership of President Peter Eagleson, the Union is preparing to resume a more active role in this area and in advocating policy.
Report of the Spring 1987 GP Business Meeting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The business meeting of the Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Section was held on Thursday, May 21, during the 1987 AGU Spring Meeting. Over 50 people attended the luncheon and concurrent meeting, which was presided over by section president Subhir Banerjee (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis). The following are highlights of the meeting. For additional information on any of these topics, please contact the designated individual. Secretary Laurie Brown (University of Massachusetts, Amherst) announced the winners of the Best Student Paper award for the 1986 Fall Meeting. Recipients were Pordur Arason (Oregon State University, Corvallis) and Franz Heider (University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada), as reported in the previous issue of The GP Compass (see Eos, March 24, 1987, p. 162). Volunteers are requested to serve on the Student Award Committee for either the 1987 Fall or 1988 Spring meetings.
Fluid‐Rock Interactions During Metamorphism
Authors: Bird Dennis K.
Published: October 2011

Our understanding of the role of fluids in the genesis of metamorphic rocks is rapidly expanding due to the many new approaches to the analysis of metamorphic rocks and modeling of metamorphic processes. It is apparent from the papers in volume 5 of Springer‐Verlag's Advances in Physical Geochemistry Series that metamorphic fluids have a far more active role in mass and energy transfer than was previously envisaged. This volume contains eight papers on the physical and chemical characteristics of metamorphic fluids, including their generation, their migration, and their reactions with a variety of rock types during metamorphism.
1987 Whitten Medal to William M. Kaula
Authors: Douglas Bruce C. , Kaula William M.
Published: October 2011

It is a pleasure and honor to present the citation for Professor William M. Kaula for the Charles A. Whitten Medal. The Whitten Medal is given “for outstanding achievement in research on the form and dynamics of the earth and planets.” Any one who follows solid Earth science knows that Bill Kaula richly deserves this award.

I have known Bill since 1963 when he came to University o f California, Los Angeles (UCLA), renowned for his work on the statistical analysis of gravity and determinations of the geopotential and station coordinates from camera observations of artificial satellites. His arrival at UCLA created excitement among the students because it was obvious that this man knew how to combine the appropriate facets of geodesy, celestial mechanics, and statistical methods to solve new, important problems in satellite geodesy and geophysics.
Bacon‐Bercey Award to Fairgrieves
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Terrie J. Fairgrieves, an undergraduate student at Northern Illinois University (in De Kalb), has been selected as the recipient of the 1987 June Bacon‐Bercey Scholarship for Women in Atmospheric Sciences. The scholarship, which is administered by AGU, is provided through a gift from noted meteorologist June Bacon‐Bercey.

Fairgrieves, who will receive her B.S. degree in meteorology in December 1987, has been accepted for graduate study at three universities but has not yet made her final choice. For the last three semesters, she has been a teaching assistant, working both as a laboratory instructor and as a forecaster in brief weather discussions for an introductory course in atmospheric sciences. She is currently working under a National Science Foundation grant to test McIDAS software on atmospheric data access through the UNIDATA network and will be incorporating this software into courses for the 1987 fall semester.
ONR Honors Gordon Hamilton
Authors: Munk Walter
Published: October 2011

Gordon Hamilton is a product of Doc Ewing. Following a Princeton degree in physics, and a brief stint as Lieutenant J.G. aboard a destroyer as a radar officer, Gordon became a graduate student at Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory (Palisades, New York).

One of his contemporaries was Frank Press. Frank tells of a trip aboard the Atlantis I. In putting some gear over the side, Frank tied a granny knot. Gordon promptly upgraded this to a square knot. It isn't everyday that one has a chance to teach the future president of the National Academy of Sciences how to tie a square knot. (Frank Press went on to become an accomplished sailor.)
International geoscience
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

A special committee of the National Research Council (NRC) held a congressional briefing in late June 1987 about the international role of U.S. geoscience. The Board on Earth Sciences (BES) organized the presentation, and participants included scientists, representatives of government agencies, and Congressional staff members. A report issued by the Committee on Global and International Geology of the NRC was also made available. Perspectives on the past, present, and recommended future of U.S. participation in international geoscience were given by participant scientists.
Plankton Dynamics of the Southern California Bight
Authors: Smith Walker O.
Published: October 2011

The Food Chain Research Group (FCRG) of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (La Jolla, Calif.) has for a number of years investigated the functional relationships that exist within the food web of the Southern California Bight. This project has been extremely productive from a number of standpoints. First, it has been a focused research venture that has resulted in numerous quality publications throughout the years and has trained a series of highly qualified researchers, many of whom have gone on to establish their own productive research programs. More importantly, these interdisciplinary projects have led to a new understanding of the functioning of pelagic systems on a variety of scales (e.g., the small‐scale coupling of bacteria and microzooplankton, the interannual variations in phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish larvae in relation to physical forcing in the bight, etc.).
Paleoclimates from ice sheets
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The initiation of a coordinated program of ice coring and analysis for the Greenland Ice Sheet has been identified by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Polar Programs as the first scientific priority in a global program of ice coring. The purpose of this activity is the retrieval of high‐resolution and long‐period climatic time series over the last several thousand years and several hundred thousand years.

NSF will seek proposals from institutions and organizations to conduct research under this project and would welcome letters of interest by September 1, 1987, for large, coordinated multidisciplinary proposals, as well as proposals from individuals that would contribute to the overall goals of the project. For more information, please contact H. B. Zimmerman, National Science Foundation, Washington, DC 20550 (telephone: 202‐357‐7894).
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 12(6), June 30, 1987, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E87‐007 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Customer Services, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1.
Oceanic Whitecaps and Their Role in Air‐Sea Exchange Processes
Authors: Glazman R. E.
Published: October 2011

The book is based on the proceedings of the 1983 Whitecap Workshop, held at University College, Galway, Ireland. The 22 full‐length papers and 18 abstracts of poster presentations that it contains cover a wide range of topics. The small‐scale air‐sea exchange processes triggered by the breaking of wind‐generated gravity waves serve as the common ground from which specialized excursions are made into the fields of acoustics and optics of bubbly water, statistics and hydrodynamics of water waves, remote sensing, atmospheric electricity, and physicochemical hydrodynamics of bubbles, droplets, and water surfaces coated with organic films. The book opens with “The Life and Science of Alfred H. Woodcock” by Duncan Blanchard (State University of New York, Albany).
Tectonophysics Section News
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Tectonophysics Section is a large and diverse section of AGU. Some parts of Tectonophysics are relatively well organized (e.g., Mineral Physics), whereas at the other extreme, our section is sometimes a catch‐all for whatever doesn't fit into other AGU sections. This note, a precursor to a regular special section in Eos, is an experiment to attempt better communications among section members, as briefly discussed at our luncheon meeting during the 1987 AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore, Md.
Mono Lake endangered
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

Can Mono Lake survive Los Angeles' need for water? An environmental impact study of the Mono Basin in eastern California predicts severe ecological consequences if the city of Los Angeles continues to divert water in large amounts from streams feeding the lake. Mono Lake and its basin were designated a National Forest Scenic Area in 1984.

The National Research Council (NRC) report indicates that continued diversions would lower the lake level as much as 30 feet (∼9m). Salinity of the remaining water could double and lead to drastic changes in the physical appearance and ecological balance of the basin. In a recently published economic analysis, a University of California, Davis, environmental scientist reports that the lake is far more valuable to Californians than the cost of replacing water currently drawn for Los Angeles from the Mono Basin.
Project GAMBLE: Ground‐based and airborne magnetic boundary layer experiments
Authors: Akasofu S.‐I. , Deehr C. S. , Carlson H. C. , Egelund A. , Lassen K.
Published: October 2011

One of the main goals of paleomagnetic studies is to produce evidence for ancient continent displacements and thus produce paleogeographical reconstructions of the earth in the geological past. To achieve this goal, paleomagnetists use the direction of remanent vectors as measured in rocks to derive latitudinal and azimuthal data, according to the model of the Earth magnetic field (EMF). One of the many difficulties faced by these researchers is the determination of whether the rock deformation may have altered the original paleomagnetic direction. If so, the paleomagnetists must correct the effect of such a deformation. Obviously, this aspect is of secondary importance in cratonic areas where beds lie flat or are gently folded, and in earlier times, most paleomagnetic studies were conducted in such areas. However, it now appears that we cannot avoid work within orogenic belts if we want to resolve geodynamic problems [Van der Voo and Channel, 1980]. It therefore became necessary to examine more carefully the interaction between magnetizations and deformation. During the last decade, several teams have conducted research efforts in this direction.
NASA Space Plasma Physics Research and Analysis Program
Authors: Eastman Timothy E.
Published: October 2011

The Research and Analysis (R&A) program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Plasma Physics Branch of the Office of Space Science and Applications supports more than 150 grants and contracts for research. This research program is the primary means by which NASA maintains and advances the broad‐based infrastructure for research in space plasma physics in a way that is not tied to specific missions. Although funding levels for space plasma physics to date have not kept up with inflation (overall funding levels are reduced 30% over the past decade when corrected for inflation), the R&A program is beginning to recover, as shown in Figure 1, thanks to a “vitality package” augmentation in fiscal years (FY) 1987 and 1988. Budget totals for the sounding rocket (SR), instrument development, and solar‐terrestrial theory (STTP) programs are also shown for comparison (see Eos, April 28, 1987, p. 483). Fiscal health of the R&A program is important to these other programs as well. Although budget authorizations are made strictly on a year‐to‐year basis, there are several positive signs suggesting that the current upward trend for space plasma physics programs could last several years.
Alfvén waves and the aurora
Authors: Tsurutani Bruce T.
Published: October 2011

Magnetic storms at Earth are associated with radio communication disturbances and brilliant auroral displays that are seen at unusually low latitudes, often as far south as southern California. Two researchers, Bruce T. Tsurutani (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.) and Walter D. Gonzalez (Brazilian Institute for Space Research (INPE), San Jose dos Campos), by using data from the joint National Aeronautics and Space Administration/European Space Agency International Sun‐Earth Explorer 3 interplanetary satellite (ISEE 3) have recently been studying the causes of magnetic storms. In a recent presentation at the 1987 AGU Spring Meeting at Baltimore, Md., they demonstrated a quantitative requirement for the minimum intensity of the interplanetary electric field necessary to create large magnetic storms. Furthermore, their study shows that the long‐held belief that the very intense aurora seen days to weeks after the s t o rm onset are part of the decay of the storm is incorrect.
SPR Best Student Paper Selected
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The best oral presentation in the field of solar‐planetary relationships (SPR) by a student at the 1987 AGU Spring Meeting was given by Roberta Johnson . She has just finished her Ph.D. at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and is now at SRI International (Menlo Park, Calif.). The title of her presentation was “Chatanika Radar Observations of Lower‐Thermospheric Winds and Tides at High Latitude.” Johnson 's research advisors at UCLA were Janet Luhmann and Chris Russell.
Rainfall runoff model development and applications
Authors: Brazil Larry E.
Published: October 2011

A special symposium on rainfall runoff modeling was held during the 1986 AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Calif. The purpose of the symposium, which was sponsored by the Surface Runoff Committee of the Hydrology Section, was to provide a forum for discussion between researchers responsible for model development and users of rainfall runoff models. The symposium consisted of morning and afternoon sessions followed by a panel discussion.
Physics, chemistry, and biology of organics in groundwater
Authors: Wilson John L.
Published: October 2011

The Groundwater Committee of AGU's Hydrology Section sponsored this special session at the 1986 Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Calif. The session was chaired by John L. Wilson of the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology (New Mexico Tech, Socorro). At earlier meetings a number of sessions had focused on the mathematical modeling of dissolved organic transport. More recently, AGU sponsored a Chapman Conference on “Microbial Processes in the Transport, Fate, and In Situ Treatment of Subsurface Contaminants.” The fall special session was the first to examine a much wider view of the scientific issues and brought together modelers and experimentalists; chemists, biologists, physicists, and engineers.
Sediment Transport Events on Shelves and Slopes (STRESS) and Biological Effects of Coastal Ocean Sediment Transport (BECOST)
Authors: Nowell Arthur R. M. , Jumars Peter A. , Kravitz Joseph H.
Published: October 2011

Despite much practical interest in the problem of sediment transport on the shelf, it is germane to note that we have more information on storms in the deep sea and their effects on suspended sediment transport than we do about the effects of episodic events on continental shelf stratigraphy. We lack knowledge today partially because, until recently, we lacked theoretical models to guide the design and interpretation of a major field study.

The small‐scale fabric of shelf sediments and the fine texture of stratigraphy of shallow water sediments have held fascination for marine geologists and stratigraphers alike: Could any of the small‐scale fabric be unequivocally related to the forcing function? Major advances in boundary layer theory and in instrumentation over the past decade, coupled with tremendous advances in knowledge about coastal circulation, allow us today to attempt to undertake such a complex question. Issues such as which physical, geological, and biological processes determine bottom roughness at a site and what rates of transport prevail in episodic processes (e.g., storms, surface and internal waves) that dominate sediment movement on the shelf are only now amenable to field testing that is based on recently developed theories.
July streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Heavy rains of 4–6 inches (∼10–15 cm) during July 1–2, 1987, caused flooding that resulted in damages estimated at $30 million in north central Ohio. No record high discharges were reported for the streams involved, however. In Minneapolis, Minn., where precipitation had been below normal through mid‐July, 8.96 inches (22.36 cm) of rain fell in 24 hours during July 23–24, exceeding the 100‐year 24‐hour rainfall by ∼3 inches (∼7 cm). Total precipitation for the week ending July 25 was 14.49 inches (36.81 cm), which was double that recorded for January 1 through July 18, 1987.
Data assimilation and ocean general circulation models
Authors: Halpern David
Published: October 2011

This meeting, the second in a series of Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) multidisciplinary colloquiums emphasizing interaction of global processes within the earth system, was held at JPL (Pasadena, Calif.) on March 19, 1987. Entitled “Data Assimilation and Ocean General Circulation Models,” the colloquium focused upon the status of ocean general circulation models, status of assimilation techniques for satellite and in situ oceanographic observations, and opportunities for space research missions. As illustrated in Figure 1, the space and time scales relevant to large‐scale ocean circulation variations discussed at this colloquium ranged from about 1000 km to the size of ocean basins and from months to several years. Ocean circulation variations with these characteristic scales should not be viewed in isolation but are the culmination of many interacting phenomena, such as those on the mesoscale (i.e., from ≈10 km to 100 km and inertial period to 1 month).
NSF, NASA budgets at risk in Congress
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

When Congress returns from its August recess this week, it will finish the 1988 appropriation for the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), agencies that pay for a large part of geoscience research in the United States. Ocean science has found protected waters for the second straight year in the House appropriation, but the space station may be cast adrift from a supply of federal dollars if the chairman of the Senate subcommittee that is recommending NASA funding gets his way. In any case, it appears likely that the knife of budgetary restraint will cut significantly into NSF and NASA funding at some stage in the process.
Editor's citations: Excellence in refereeing
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The eight reviewers whose photographs appear below, plus one other for whom a photograph was not available, have been cited by editors of AGU's journals for excellence in refereeing. The time and diligence contributed by these reviewers enhance the quality of AGU journals. The editor's citation recognizes this special service to the Union, and the individuals who are listed below are to be commended for consistently providing constructive and thoughtful reviews.
Chemistry of Atmospheres: An Introduction to the Chemistry of the Atmospheres of Earth, the Planets and Their Satellites
Authors: Beebe Reta , Barnet Chris
Published: October 2011

The author of this book states that he has attempted to produce a text that will be “intelligible to readers approaching atmospheric chemistry from any scientific discipline.” He proposes to provide the links between atmospheric chemistry and the traditional approaches to physics, chemistry, and biology. Within this context, he has presented a very readable general discussion at a level slightly higher than the popular level.

Wayne has chosen not to interrupt the text with direct references but rather to group them at the back of each chapter. Although this sometimes raises a question concerning the basis of a specific statement, the references are in general adequate and extend through 1984. The manner in which the material is presented is not intimidating, and the book would be a good vehicle for introducing students to the subject and providing a starting point for individual research papers.
NASA budget faces deep cuts
Authors: Soloman Sean
Published: October 2011

The Space Science Working Group (SSWG) is a consortium of universities and institutions represented by scientists and government relations officers. Its members are concerned about the health of the U.S. Space program, particularly university‐ based research in the space sciences.

The SSWG Steering Committee is sending the following letter to all members of the United States Senate. A similar letter regarding the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) appropriations bill in the House is being sent to all Representatives.
Space station?
Authors: Spilhaus A. F.
Published: October 2011

The National Research Council (NRC) Committee on the Space Station has completed its report to the White House and NASA. Congress will hold final hearings this fall on the NASA FY 1987 budget and will decide whether to go ahead now with this major program. The NRC report stresses the need for a national commitment to the Space Station for it to be successful. Now is an appropriate time for the members of AGU to consider the proposed program and to make their views known by writing to Eos.
Space station? statement
Authors: Meredith L. H.
Published: October 2011

To date much of the Space Station discussion has focused on what it costs, how it will be managed, and its detailed configuration. There's been relatively little discussion of the objectives and requirements it must meet in spite of the fact that our experience has shown the criticallity of establishing well‐defined objectives prior to initiating the development phase of such a program.