Revision der neotropischen Trauermücken – Teil I. Die Gattungen Cratyna WINNERTZ, Euricrium ENDERLEIN, Metangela RÜBSAAMEN, Pseudosciara SCHINER und Sciara MEIGEN (Diptera: Sciaridae).
Authors: Mohrig Werner , Menzel Frank 
Published: December 2020

Die vorliegende Revision umfasst 40 Arten aus den Gattungen Cratyna Winnertz, 1867 [4 Arten], Euricrium Enderlein, 1911 [8 Arten], Metangela Rübsaamen, 1894 [4 Arten], Pseudosciara Schiner, 1866 [21 Arten] und Sciara Meigen, 1803 [3 Arten]. Die Arten werden redeskribiert und abgebildet. 63 Spezies wurden neu kombiniert und 4 Namen als neue Synonyma auf dem Artniveau erkannt: Plastosciara barretoi Lane, 1960 als neues Synonym zu Cratyna boracensis (Lane, 1960); Plastosciara downsi Lane, 1960 als neues Synonym zu Cratyna cucarisi (Lane, 1960), Euricrium fulgescens Enderlein, 1911 als neues Synonym zu Euricrium ruebsaameni (Enderlein, 1911); Pseudosciara aitkeni Lane, 1959 als neues Synonym zu Pseudosciara forceps (Pettey, 1918). Zusätzlich werden 3 synonymisierte Namen restituiert [Metangela spinata Lane, 1955 restit., Pseudosciara ribeiroi (Lane, 1955) restit., Trichomegalosphys Enderlein, 1911 restit.] und 2 präokkupierte Namen wurden ersetzt: Pseudos. willistoni Menzel nom. nov. für Sciara concinna Williston, 1896 [praeocc.] und Pseudos. helleri Menzel nom. nov. für Sciara debilis Williston, 1896 [praeocc.]. Außerdem ergab sich die Notwendigkeit, für Pseudosciara willistoni Menzel nom. nov. einen Lectotypus zu designieren sowie für Pseudosciara muricata (Lengersdorf, 1926), Pseudosciara thoracica (Lengersdorf, 1930) und Metangela bicolorata (Lengersdorf, 1930) Neotypen festzulegen. Für 2 Arten werden die bisher unbekannten Männchen ergänzend beschrieben [Euricrium varians (Lane), Pseudosciara humeropicta (Lengersdorf)]. Die Namen der Gattungsgruppe Zygomma Enderlein, 1911 [praeocc.], Mapiria Edwards, 1934 und Muhabbetiola Koçak, 2009 sind jüngere Synonyme von Euricrium Enderlein, 1911. Die Gattung Pseudosciara Schiner wird in die beiden Subgenera Pseudosciara s. str. und Pseudosciarella subgen. nov. unterteilt. Die Genera Apelmocreagris Enderlein, 1911, Trichomegalosphys Enderlein, 1911 und Trichosia Winnertz, 1867 sind nach dieser Revision in der neotropischen Region nicht vertreten. Diese 3 Namen müssen aus dem Katalog der neotropischen Sciaridae gestrichen werden. Die Gattung Pseudozygoneura Steffan, 1969 ist ebenfalls ein Synonym zu Cratyna Winnertz. Alle 41 von Hippa et al. (1998) beschriebenen Pseudozygoneura-Arten werden deshalb in das Subgenus Cratyna s. str. kombiniert.StichwörterDiptera, Sciaridae, Apelmocreagris, Cratyna, Euricrium, Metangela, Pseudosciara, Sciara, Trichomegalosphys, Neotropical Region, systematics, new subgenus, new synonyms, new combinations, name changes, designation of types.Nomenklatorische Handlungenacuminata (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura acuminata Hippa et al., 1998aimoresi (Lane, 1960) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Plastosciara aimoresi Lane, 1960aurora (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura aurora Hippa et al., 1998boracensis (Lane, 1960) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Plastosciara boracensis Lane, 1960brevimera (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura brevimera Hippa et al., 1998brevispina (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura brevispina Hippa et al., 1998caraosi (Lane, 1960) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Plastosciara caraosi Lane, 1960clavigera (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura clavigera Hippa et al., 1998clavula (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura clavula Hippa et al., 1998clinostyla (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura clinostyla Hippa et al., 1998collina (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura collina Hippa et al., 1998conica (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura conica Hippa et al., 1998coniciformis (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura coniciformis Hippa et al., 1998consilia (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura consilia Hippa et al., 1998constricta (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura constricta Hippa et al., 1998coronicornis (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura coronicornis Hippa et al., 1998crassichaeta (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura crassichaeta Hippa et al., 1998crinita (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura crinita Hippa et al., 1998cucarisi (Lane, 1960) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Plastosciara cucarisi Lane, 1960dactylica (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura dactylica Hippa et al., 1998delicia (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura delicia Hippa et al., 1998denticula (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura denticula Hippa et al., 1998epsilon (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura epsilon Hippa et al., 1998excisa (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura excisa Hippa et al., 1998expedita (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura expedita Hippa et al., 1998flagelloparva (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura flagelloparva Hippa et al., 1998foveola (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura foveola Hippa et al., 1998ghanaensis (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura ghanaensis Hippa et al., 1998gigas (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura gigas Hippa et al., 1998index (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura index Hippa et al., 1998indotata (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura indotata Hippa et al., 1998integra (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura integra Hippa et al., 1998intermedia (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura intermedia Hippa et al., 1998kirkspriggsi (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura kirkspriggsi Hippa et al., 1998lagena (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura lagena Hippa et al., 1998latidactyla (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura latidactyla Hippa et al., 1998prominula (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura prominula Hippa et al., 1998protrusa (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura protrusa Hippa et al., 1998quadrifalx (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura quadrifalx Hippa et al., 1998redunca (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura redunca Hippa et al., 1998sagitta (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura sagitta Hippa et al., 1998senticosa (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura senticosa Hippa et al., 1998spicicauda (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura spicicauda Hippa et al., 1998torula (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura torula Hippa et al., 1998trichodactyla (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura trichodactyla Hippa et al., 1998acutum (Mohrig, 2003) (Euricrium), comb. n.alboantennatum (Lane, 1946) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygoneura alboantennata Lane, 1946bolivianum (Edwards, 1934) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygoneura boliviana Edwards, 1934fasciatellum (Enderlein, 1911) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygomma fasciatellum Enderlein, 1911freemani (Lane, 1955) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygoneura freemani Lane, 1955glaberrimum (Edwards, 1934) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygoneura glaberrima Edwards, 1934modicum (Mohrig, 2003) (Euricrium), comb. n.pernitidum (Edwards, 1914) (Euricrium), comb. n.suspiciosum (Mohrig, 2003) (Euricrium), comb. n.transversale (Edwards, 1934) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Malpiria transversalis Edwards, 1934varians (Lane, 1955) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygoneura varians Lane, 1955fulgescens Enderlein, 1911 (Lycoria), syn. n. of Euricrium ruebsaameni Enderlein, 1911bicolorata (Lengersdorf, 1930) (Metangela), comb. n. hitherto Trichosia bicolorata lengersdorf, 1930spinata Lane, 1955 (Metangela), stat. rev. hitherto a synonym of Metangela calliptera Rübsaamenbarrettoi (Lane, 1960) (Plastosciara), syn. n. of Cratyna (Cratyna) boracensis Lane, 1960downsi (Lane, 1960) (Plastosciara), syn. n. of Cratyna (Cratyna) curarisi Lane, 1960aitkeni Lane, 1959 (Pseudosciara), syn. n. of Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara) forceps (Pettey, 1918)Pseudosciarella Mohrig & Menzel, 2014 (Pseudosciara), subgen. n.antunesi (Lane, 1946) (Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara)), comb. n. hitherto Trichosia antunesi Lane, 1946helleri Menzel, 2014 (Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara)), nom. n. pro Sciara debilis Williston, 1896, nec Sciara debilis Winnertz, 1867pubescens (Morgante, 1969) (Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara)), comb. n. hitherto Trichosia pubescens Morgante, 1969ribeiroi (Lane, 1955) (Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara)), comb. n. hitherto Trichosia ribeiroi Lane, 1955 and erroneously placed into the genus Trichomegalosphys Enderlein, 1911willistoni Menzel, 2014 (Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara)), nom. n. pro Sciara concinna Williston, 1896, nec Sciara concinna Winnertz, 1867blandula (Lengersdorf, 1944) (Sciara), comb. n. hitherto Lycoria blandula Lengersdorf, 1944leucacrocera (Enderlein, 1911) (Sciara), comb. n. hitherto Apelmocreagris leucacrocera Enderlein, 1911Mapiria Edwards, 1934 (Sciaridae), syn. n. of Euricrium Enderlein, 1911Muhabbetiola Koçak, 2009 (Sciaridae), syn. n. of Euricrium Enderlein, 1911Zygomma Enderlein, 1911 (Sciaridae), syn. n. of Euricrium Enderlein, 1911laticornis (Walker, 1857) (Trichomegalosphys), comb. n.