bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of knowledge, attitude and anxiety in Kurdistan-region of Iraqi population during the monkeypox outbreak in 2022
Authors: Ahmed Sirwan Khalid , Abdulqadirb Salar Omar , Omar Rukhsar Muhammad , Essa Rawand Abdulrahman , Hussein Safin Hassan , Khdir Awat Alla , Abdulla Araz Qadir
Published: August 2022

On July 23, the WHO declared the rapidly spreading monkeypox epidemic a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). This study attempted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and anxiety levels of the general population during the monkeypox outbreak. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted during the period July 27 and July 30, 2022, using a convenience sampling method. The questionnaire was adapted and developed after an in-depth review of the previous studies. A total of 510 respondents participated in this study. 277 (54.3%) were male, 233 (45.7%) were female. Participants had insufficient knowledge of MPX with a mean and SD deviation 2.096 ± 1.359, 2.576 ± 1.466, having a normal attitude toward MPX 4.031 ± 1.645. Moreover, they had anxiety problems 32.382 ± 10.094. There were significant differences in the mean rank scores of the knowledge of respondents about MPX according to their gender, marital status, religion, level of education, and place of residence, with p-values of 0.009, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, and 0.000, respectively. Also, there were significant differences in the mean rank scores of attitudes of respondents toward MPX according to their gender, level of education, place of residence, and age, with p-values of 0.011, 0.020, and 0.000, 0,029, respectively. Lastly, there were significant differences in the mean rank score of anxiety of respondents toward MPX according to their gender, marital status, religion, level of education, and place of residence, with p-values of 0.000, 0.009, 0.000, 0.000, and 0.000 respectively. There is an urgent need to raise public awareness and manage people's emotional wellbeing.
WITHDRAWN: Dynamic Analysis of Bevel Gear System in Main Retarder
Authors: Wang Xinbo , Zhu Xuebin , Song Xiaobo , Wang Di , Liu Qing , Cheng Kaihua
Published: August 2022

The main retarder of vehicle is gear rotor system, its vibration property is complex. The whole transfer matrix method is a new algorithm to study, relationship of the displacements and forces are established considering gyroscopic moment and coupling vibration. The meshing point between rotors is treated as coupling element, balance equations are estalished on deformation compatibility condition. The globe status vectors including forces and displacements of all shafts were integrated into a whole transfer matrix. So it can be programming and has high numerical stability and accuracy. The influence of the meshing effect on vibration of the system can be systematically studied. The status vectors such as displacements, deflection angles, torsion angles, shearing forces, bending moments and torques are no longer independent. The vibration property of the geared rotor system was calculated and analyzed. The numerical results revealed that many coupling critical rational speeds of the system are derived. vibration of main retarder can be improved.
Comparison of the results of puncture biopsies of thyroid nodes and ultrasound stratification of thyroid cancer risks according to the TIRADS system with the results of histological examination
Authors: Shchegolev A. A. , Larin A. A. , Slobodyanik A. S. , Svetlov E. V. , Shafigullin R. R.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Puncture fine needle aspiration (FNA) is currently the “gold standard” for morphological verification of thyroid nodules, which determines the further tactics of patient management. Currently, there are no strict ultrasound criteria for the gradation of malignant neoplasms of the thyroid gland. However, in the modern world, the search for minimally invasive methods for verifying thyroid nodules continues. Purpose of the study. The study carried out a comparative analysis of the results of a preoperative cytological study using the Bethesda system in 2017 and the results of ultrasound studies using developed by the American College of Radiology the Thyroid image reporting and data system (TIRADS). Materials and methods. Thyroid cancer risk stratification system with histological studies of the operating material after 2 440 surgical interventions for nodular goiter, carried out on the basis of the center of endocrine surgery of the city clinical hospital named after. F.I. Inozemtsev in the period from 2018 to 2019 year. Results. The sensitivity of the TIRADS system for the TIRADS 5 thyroid malignancy risk score was 100%. The TIRADS 2 thyroid malignancy risk score was observed only in Bethesda II cytological category and does not occur in malignant histological findings. Grade TIRADS 3 occurs only in patients with a benign histological result, but is also seen in Bethesda II, Bethesda IV, and Bethesda V cytology categories. Conclusions. Based on the study, it can be concluded that FNA is inappropriate in patients with a TIRADS 2 thyroid cancer risk. If a TIRADS 5 cancer risk is detected, regardless of the results of a cytological study, the patient should be recommended surgical treatment. If the cancer risk level is TIRADS 3 and the size of the nodules is up to 2.5 cm, it is also possible to refrain from FNA.
Carbohydrate metabolism in patients after pancreatoduodenal resection
Authors: Ametov A. S. , Shabunin A. V. , Pashkova E. Yu. , Tavobilov M. M. , Karpov A. A. , Golodnikov I. I. , Amikishieva K. A.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Pancreatic resection is a common surgical treatment option for chronic pancreatic diseases. Diabetes mellitus, which develops as a result of surgical interventions on the pancreas, belongs to a specific type – pancreatogenic. To assess the state of carbohydrate metabolism in patients after surgery in the volume of pancreatoduodenal resection (PDR), a retrospective single-stage single-center study was performed.

Aim. Assessment of the state of carbohydrate metabolism in patients after surgery in the volume of PDR.

Materials and methods. In Botkin City Clinical Hospital 70 case histories of patients who underwent PDR were selected. The reason for the PDR was pancreatic head cancer (55 people), chronic pancreatitis (7 people), chronic calculous pancreatitis (8 people). Data on age, gender, date of surgery, glycemia levels before and after surgery, as well as C-peptide, insulin, and HbA1c were analyzed.

Results. Out of 70 people in the initial group, diabetes mellitus was diagnosed before surgery in 8 people or in 11.5% of the entire sample. Indicators of carbohydrate metabolism did not differ significantly from each other. However, the level of C-peptide decreased in all patients, while in the group of patients with malignant tumors of the pancreas, despite the decrease in C-peptide, the level of fasting glycemia also decreased.

Conclusion. If before the operation diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 11.5% of patients, then after the operation the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was established in 23.6%. Late detection of diabetes mellitus worsens not only the quality of life of patients, but also the overall prognosis, morbidity, and tolerability of chemotherapy. Obviously, the postoperative monitoring algorithm should include regular monitoring of glycemia, glycated hemoglobin at least once a year with normoglycemia in order to early diagnose carbohydrate metabolism disorders and prescribe therapy.
Comparative assessment of the prognostic value of mathematical models in determining the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Petrankov K. V. , Salukhov V. V. , Pugachev M. I.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Early relevant is the  early prediction of  the development of  type  2 diabetes  (T2D), which allows to prevent the development of the disease and its complications. For the purpose of screening, scales for assessing the risk of its development based on the results of questionnaires are used, but at the moment there are no questionnaires against employees of law enforcement agencies professionally related to psycho-emotional stress.

Aim. Assessment of the prognostic value of the original mathematical model of the VERADIV to assess the risk of developing T2D in comparison with the FINDRISC questionnaires and a DIARISK regarding the cohort of military personnel.

Materials and methods. 212 subjects from among military personnel under a young and middle -aged contract with a waist of the a  avyinary poles and a  representative control group from among civilians  (60  people) were selected for  prospective cohort research. At the first stage of the study, anthropometric psychophysiological indicators were studied, as well as laboratory data aimed at assessing the state of the endocrine function of the pancreas and the degree of insulin resistance. After 3 years, the state of carbohydrate exchange of subjects with the assessment of factors that influenced the development of new cases of prediabetes and T2D was evaluated. Based on the data obtained, an index of the VERADIV was developed, avaluating the likelihood of risk of developing T2D among military personnel. The most important stage in the work was a comparative assessment of the prognostic value of the model of the FINDRISC verasa and the DIARISK, set forth in this article.

Results and discussion. The mathematical model of predicting the risk of T2D, from the age, from the HOMA-IR index, allows the points of aggressiveness and volitional self -control in 91.9% of cases, correctly predict the absence of the development of T2D after 3 years, and during the same period the probability of manifestation of T2D – in 91.7% of cases. For cohorts of military personnel, the specificity and sensitivity of the FINDRISC questionnaire amounted to 69.5 and 75%, respectively. The specificity and sensitivity of the DIARISK questionnaire amounted to 75%.

Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the importance of taking into account insulin resistance and psycho-emotional stress in assessing the risk of developing T2D among military personnel, which confirmed the high prognostic value of the vendiv scale.
Therapy experience in alopecia after COVID-19
Authors: Katkhanova O. A. , Golubchenko M. V.
Published: August 2022

The coronavirus infection (COVID-2019) caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to be studied, the virus mutates, new strains differing from the previous ones by rapid spread appear. Due to the difficult epidemiological situation around the world, the long-term course of the pandemic, doctors of various disciplines are increasingly facing its consequences. 25% of patients have various types of alopecia following infection. Suppression of some growth factors due to the collapse of the immune privilege, local and systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, tissue hypoxia, microvascular insufficiency manifested by persistent capillary spasm influence hair loss. The article presents data from the analysis, out-patient medical records of patients aged 19 to 60 years who sought advice from the Ekaterininskaya clinic network with complaints of hair loss and past history of confirmed coronavirus infection. Due to the variety of trigger factors and multifaceted pathogenetic mechanisms of influence on the hair follicle in coronavirus infection, it is more appropriate to use drugs with a complex mechanism of action for the treatment. The patients received a complex drug for the treatment of alopecia, 1 tablet three times a day for 2 months, and a peptide lotion for cutaneous use with active ingredients, which activate cellular metabolism in hair follicles, encourage the hair follicles to switch to the active growth phase. A positive result during treatment was achieved in 92% of patients. Good tolerability, absence of side effects allow us to administer the drugs we use in a range of therapeutic measures in patients with diffuse hair thinning following coronavirus infection, both in monotherapy and in combination with other drugs.
Indicators of proliferation and antiapoptosis in palatine tonsils in chronic tonsillitis
Authors: Gurov A. V. , Dubovaya T. K. , Ermolaev A. G. , Murzakhanova Z. V. , Makhmudova N. R. , Kelemetov A. A. , Kurashov S. S.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. The immune function of the palatine tonsils is associated with a constant proliferation of lymphocytes, therefore, the indicators of proliferation, apoptosis and anti-apoptotic activity in the palatine tonsils are quite informative for assessing their functional state and contribution to adaptive immunity. Chronic inflammation in the palatine tonsils affects their functional state. Understanding the immunocompetence of the palatine tonsils at different stages of the course of chronic tonsillitis allows the optimal tactics of treating this disease, including timely tonsillectomy.

Objective. Based on the results of research and literature sources, to find a comparative characteristic of the contribution of palatine tonsils to adequate immunity, ways to assess their proliferative and anti-apoptotic activity.

Materials and methods. The study included 158 patients with various forms of chronic tonsillitis and 8 patients without signs of chronic tonsillitis, who were divided into 4 study groups, in accordance with the clinical classification of chronic tonsillitis according to B.S. Preobrazhensky and V.T. Palchun. The tissue samples of the palatine tonsils obtained from patients were examined immunohistochemically in an automatic mode using markers of Ki67 proliferation and Bcl2 antiapoptosis.

Results. When conducting an immunohistochemical study with markers of  proliferation and anti-apoptosis, an increase in the proliferative and anti-apoptotic activity of lymphoid tissue cells in chronic tonsillitis of a simple form was revealed, and a significant decrease in these indicators in chronic tonsillitis of toxic-allergic forms of I and II stage.

Conclusions. Data were obtained on the planned tonsillectomy in chronic tonsillitis of the toxic-allergic form of II degree, as well as in case of ineffectiveness of conservative therapy of tonsillitis of toxic-allergic form of I degree.
Relationship between oral health status and cognitive functions
Authors: Maximova M. Yu. , Tsalikova N. A. , Dubova L. V. , Surmilo I. M.
Published: August 2022

With global increases in the aging population, the number of patients with cognitive decline is greatly increasing, which has become a big social problem. The studies conducted previously suggest the possible relationship between oral health and cognitive status. It is well-known, that the oral cavity is an important component not only the maxillofacial region, but also acontributor of general health. In this article, we highlight the relationship among dentoalveolar system and the cognitive functions. Studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that during mastication there is activation of somatosensory cortical areas, the supplementary motor area, insula, and other areas including the striatum, thalamus and cerebellum. According to the results of the сlinical studies, patients with dementia have demonstrated poor oral hygiene, greater incidence of periodontal diseases and tooth loss. Accumulating evidence suggests that cognitive decline may be associated with masticatory dysfunction. Masticatory dysfunction, as an umbrella term, refers to a debilitating condition in which normal masticatory function is compromised due to structural factors (e.g., tooth loss) or functional factors (e.g., weaker biting force or poorer masticatory performance). The presented data support the hypothesis that there is a possible relationship between mastication, oral health status and cognitive functions, therefore maintenance and adequate restoration of the whole masticatory system are important for the prevention of cognitive decline. This problem requires further clinical interdisciplinary studies, assessing cognitive abilities and oral health.
Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of monotherapy of ulcerative colitis with mesalazine MMX and combination therapy with non-prolonged mesalazines with rectal forms
Authors: Knyazev O. V. , Kagramanova A. V. , Lishchinskaya A. A. , Babaian A. F. , Shkurko T. V. , Nanaeva B. A. , Li I. A.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. According to clinical guidelines, the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) is carried out as combination therapy with mesalazine in rectal forms.

The aim was to compare the effectiveness of treatment of moderate severity UC patients receiving mesalazine MMH as monotherapy and mesalazine in combination with mesalazine for rectal use.

Materials and methods. Comparative clinical analysis of the results of treatment of patients with moderate UC receiving mesalazine MMX as monotherapy (1st group, 44 patients) and mesalazine in combination with mesalazine for rectal use (microclysters, suppositories) (2nd group, 40 patients) was performed.

Results and discussion. After 2 weeks of therapy with mesalazine MMX, 95.0% of the 1st group patients responded to therapy with mesalazine MMX and continued treatment with it as monotherapy (without microclysters and suppositories). In Group 2, 97.2% of patients responded to mesalazine therapy and continued treatment with topical forms of mesalazine - microglia and suppositories. After 12 weeks, 87.5% of the 44 patients in Group 1 who responded to mesalazine MMX therapy and 88.9% of the 40 patients in Group 2 who responded to mesalazine therapy achieved clinical remission. After 52 weeks, 82.5% of 44 Group 1 patients and 86.1% of 40 Group 2 patients remained in clinical remission. The Meio index decreased from 7.9 ± 0.13 to 2.4 ± 0.4 points in group 1 and from 8.0 ± 0.17 to 2.3 ± 0.2 in group 2. There was no statistically significant difference in the level o  laboratory indices between the groups after 12 and 52 weeks (p > 0.05).

Conclusion. Our study confirms that continuous regular administration of MMX mesalazine as monotherapy in doses according to the clinical guidelines is comparable in its effectiveness to combined therapy with non prolonged mesalazine and topical forms of mesalazine in patients with UC of moderate severity.
Adaptation of Blockchain in Internet of Medical Things for Remote Patient Monitoring
Authors: Godly Cinthia J. , Balasubramanian Venki , Srinivasan Ram , Jinila Bevish Y.
Published: August 2022

IoT has been transforming the world of information significantly. It has
allowed administration services without human interventions for a range of
applications including healthcare with Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM). Blockchain
is broadly utilized in IoT applications like smart health monitoring that provides
privacy and security. Blockchain innovation presents freedom for the medical services
industry, for example, reduced transaction costs, transparency for reporting regulatory
entities, productive medical care information, privacy, confidentiality and universality
of healthcare records. This chapter deals with the collaboration of blockchain
innovation in IoT security in terms of the RPM framework. A Patient Centric Agent is
used for end-to-end design for nonstop tolerant checking. The patient agent deals with
a segment of blockchain to provide protection when streaming information from body
area sensors that need to be securely stored and DQDO\]HG critical parts of blockchain to
a wellbeing application network where patient's information can be utilized to make
alarms that are essential to validate medical services suppliers in a protected way. This
methodology is valuable as they assemble information for longer time frames. The
access control manager stores and safely accesses information needed by the classifier
during retraining progressively in realtime from an external data storage.
Smart Transportation Systems: Recent Developments, Current Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Kumar Aman , Kapoor Nishant Raj , Arora Harish C. , Kumar Ashok
Published: August 2022

The advancements in smart city technologies have shown great potential to
ease traffic congestion. Although, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) were
initiated in the late 1960s and early 1970s with the aim of developing ITS to enhance
the safety and security of both the vehicle as well as citizens in all kinds of traffic
conditions, unprecedented surge in population density, narrow roads, and loanable
vehicles exacerbate the traffic conditions, pollution, and accidents in major cities.
Smart Transportation System (STS) is the only solution for these conditions along with
achieving sustainability in smart cities and smart villages. Numerous integrated
technologies developed under ITS to resolve traffic-related issues are based on sensors,
Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things, Cloud Computing and Big-Data, etc.
This piece of knowledge only focused on the AI techniques. This chapter focuses on
the scope of ITS in solving the challenges faced by cities not only in terms of mobility
and security, smart mobility methodologies, sustainable sources of energy for smart
transportation and smart traffic signals, but also to solve the traffic congestion and road
accidents, which occur due to human-related factors (loss of control, limited sight
distance, and tiredness, etc.), vehicle-related factors (brake failure, wear & tear of parts
etc.) and traffic management related factors (improper design, deficient signaling
system, sluggish maintenance process, etc.). This chapter covers a case study of Indian
cities to reduce traffic congestion, avoid accidents and manage the transportation
systems in a much better way by using STS technologies.
Artificial Intelligence Enabled Smart Cities for Premises Security
Authors: Raju Srujan K. , Jagtap Vinayak G. , Kulkarni Parag A.
Published: August 2022

In the recent era, computer evolution proved that many systems could turn
into automation for improving productivity, efficiency, and overall performance of the
entire product development, services, and sustainability of human life. The recent
evolution in other domains coupled with the computer science domain proved effective
automation. This is due to Artificial Intelligence and allied intelligence systems. There
are many opportunities in AI which are currently used for governance and other
productive work. One of the applications is smart cities, which have many integrated
systems for governance like infrastructure, energy, transportation, and lifestyle of
people. All these subsystems along with the security aspect are incorporated briefly in
this chapter. Advanced adaptive AI-enabled security subsystems work in collaboration
with other governance subsystems for the betterment of human life. This security
subsystem works cooperatively using different types of sensors and makes appropriate
decisions to excel the security continuously. Machine learning expert algorithms with
deep learning and cooperative learning algorithms prove the stability and efficiency of
these security systems. In this chapter, the security aspect is majorly focused on
building smart city applications.
Digital Farming a Crucial Enabler for Sustainable Indian Agriculture
Authors: Balasundaram Elamurugan , Vadivel Anandavel , Posarajan Aranganathan
Published: August 2022

Agriculture is India's largest employer, employing more than 265 million
people and accounting for about 70% of the country's rural population. Despite playing
a critical role in Indian farmers' livelihoods, agricultural earnings continue to plummet
at an alarming rate, owing to decreasing water reserves, massive land fragmentation,
and catastrophic climate change. Drones, data-driven precision agriculture (IT, GPS,
remote sensing, and GIS), intelligent sensors, the Internet of Things, robotics,
automation, climate-smart resource management, advanced delivery systems, and
cognitive technologies are new-age technologies used in digital Farming. This strategy
is one of the most accurate ways to keep plants and make the best judgments possible.
It allows farmers to conserve resources while ensuring a healthy plant, resulting in a
more sustainable economy and environment. This article focuses on digital Farming
and best practices for leading sustainable agriculture techniques that allow farmers to
increase output while also providing consumers with safer, more nutritious, and bettergrown food.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Siswa dalam Memahami Struktur Teks Tembang Macapat melalui Metode Tembang Mitrasan
Authors:   SMAN 1 Batu, Poncorini Dyah
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami Struktur Teks Tembang Macapat melalui Metode Tembang Mitrasan. Metode ini memudahkan siswa dalam memahami materi Tembang Macapat. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terbagi menjadi 2 siklus. Penelitian ini menghasilkan ketuntasan belajar sebesar 46,88% pada siklus 1 dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus 2 menjadi 87,5%. Dari data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan metode Tembang Mitrasan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami materi Tembang Macapat.
Эмпирические критерии качества аппроксимации электронного терма двухатомногой молекулы формулой морза
Authors: Денисов Г.С.
Published: August 2022

Представлен краткий обзор последних результатов применения аппроксимации потенциала двухатомной молекулы модельной функцией Морза в прикладной спектроскопии. Проведено сравнение функций электронных термов двухатомных молекул ВеН, F2, Н2, HCl и Ве2 с их двумя альтернативными аппроксимациями функцией Морза. В качестве критерия использованы разности исходного (аппроксимируемого) терма и его морз-моделей, что в сочетании с зависимостью ангармоничности исходных термов от колебательного квантового числа ωexe(v) позволило сформулировать некоторые обобщения относительно деформации вида исходного терма при аппроксимациях. Моделирование всегда ведёт к увеличению энергии связи в пределах 7-50% и к увеличению числа колебательных уровней. В благоприятных случаях форма контура воспроизводится с отклонением не более 100-200 сm-1 в нижней части потенциальной ямы. Ключевые слова: формула Морза, двухатомная молекула, ангармоничность, электронные термы, колебательная структура.
Exploring Motivations for COVID-19 Vaccination Among Black Young Adults in 3 Southern US States: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Stoner Marie CD , Browne Erica N , Tweedy David , Pettifor Audrey E , Maragh-Bass Allysha C , Toval Christina , Tolley Elizabeth E , Comello Maria Leonora G , Muessig Kathryn E , Budhwani Henna , Hightow-Weidman Lisa B
Published: August 2022

Background

Few studies have focused on attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination among Black or African American young adults (BYA) in the Southern United States, despite high levels of infection in this population.

Objective

To understand this gap, we conducted an online survey to explore beliefs and experiences related to COVID-19 vaccination among BYA (aged 18-29 years) in 3 southern states.

Methods

We recruited 150 BYA to participate in an online survey as formative research for an intervention to address vaccine hesitancy in Alabama, Georgia, and North Carolina from September 22, 2021, to November 18, 2021. Participants were recruited through social media ads on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube. Additionally, we distributed information about the survey through organizations working with BYA in Alabama, Georgia, and North Carolina; our community partners; and network collaborations. We used measures that had been used and were previously validated in prior surveys, adapting them to the context of this study.

Results

Roughly 28 (19%) of the participants had not received any doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Half of the unvaccinated respondents (n=14, 50%) reported they wanted to wait longer before getting vaccinated. Motivators to get vaccinated were similar between unvaccinated and vaccinated respondents (eg, if required, to protect the health of others), but the main motivator for those vaccinated was to protect one’s own health. Among unvaccinated individuals, reasons for not receiving the COVID-19 vaccine included concern about vaccine side effects (n=15, 54%) and mistrust of vaccine safety (n=13, 46%), of effectiveness (n=12, 43%), and of the government’s involvement with vaccines (n=12, 43%). Experiences of discrimination (n=60, 40%) and mistrust of vaccines (n=54, 36%) were common overall. Among all respondents, those who said they would be motivated to get vaccinated if it was required for school, work, or travel were more likely to endorse negative beliefs about vaccines compared to those motivated for other reasons.

Conclusions

Mistrust in COVID-19 vaccine safety and efficacy is common among BYA in the Southern United States, irrespective of vaccination status. Other motivators, such as safety of family and community and vaccination requirements, may be able to tip the scales toward a decision to be vaccinated among those who are initially hesitant. However, it is unclear how vaccine requirements among BYA in the South affect trust in the government or health care in the long term. Interventions that include BYA in vaccination messaging and programs may more proactively build feelings of trust and combat misinformation.
Patient Perspectives on a Targeted Text Messaging Campaign to Encourage Screening for Diabetes: A Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lenoir Kristin M , Sandberg Joanne C , Miller David P , Wells Brian J
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

A sizeable proportion of prediabetes and diabetes cases among adults in the United States is undiagnosed. Patient-facing clinical decision support (CDS) tools that leverage electronic health record (EHR) data can positively affect diabetes screening. Given the widespread mobile phone ownership across diverse groups, text messages present a viable mode for delivering alerts directly to patients. The use of unsolicited text messages to offer glycemic screening among patients without diabetes has not yet been studied. It is imperative to gauge perceptions and receptiveness to “cold texts” to ensure that information and language are optimized to promote engagement with text messages and follow-through with health behaviors.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the acceptability of potential text messages for use in text-based mobile health (mHealth) interventions for targeted hemoglobin A1c screening. Messages were intended to invite those not already diagnosed with diabetes to make a decision to engage in and follow through with a free hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) laboratory test based solely on automated text exchange.

METHODS

Six focus groups were conducted at Wake Forest Baptist Health between October 2019 and February 2020. The participants were adult patients without diabetes who had completed an in-person visit at the Family and Community Medicine clinic within the previous year. We displayed a series of text messages and asked the participants to react to the message content and suggest improvements. Content was deductively coded with respect to the Health Belief Model and inductively coded to identify other emergent themes that had the potential to impact engagement with text messages and follow-through with an HbA1c test.

RESULTS

The participants (n=36) responded positively to receiving an alert for HbA1c screening. They preferred plain language, personalization, and content, which highlighted perceived benefits over perceived susceptibility and perceived severity. The patient-physician relationship emerged as a recurring theme in which patients either had a desire or held an assumption that their provider would be working behind the scenes throughout each step in the process, suggesting that participation in this type of intervention would benefit from a strong patient-provider relationship.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that patients accept text messages that alert them to a higher risk for elevated hemoglobin HbA1c but need clarification of the new processes in which they are asked to engage. Future research is necessary to determine whether these text messages lead to meaningful health behaviors in practice and whether this could apply to other health-related opportunities.
Using Hypothesis-Led Machine Learning and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis to Identify Disease Pathways Prior to Dementia: Longitudinal Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Shih-Tsung , Hsiao Fei-Yuan , Tsai Tsung-Hsien , Chen Pei-Jung , Peng Li-Ning , Chen Liang-Kung
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Dementia development is a complex process in which the occurrence and sequential relationships of different diseases or conditions may construct specific patterns leading to incident dementia.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify patterns of disease or symptom clusters and their sequences prior to incident dementia using a novel approach incorporating machine learning methods.

METHODS

Using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, data from 15,700 older people with dementia and 15,700 nondementia controls matched on age, sex, and index year (n=10,466, 67% for the training data set and n=5234, 33% for the testing data set) were retrieved for analysis. Using machine learning methods to capture specific hierarchical disease triplet clusters prior to dementia, we designed a study algorithm with four steps: (1) data preprocessing, (2) disease or symptom pathway selection, (3) model construction and optimization, and (4) data visualization.

RESULTS

Among 15,700 identified older people with dementia, 10,466 and 5234 subjects were randomly assigned to the training and testing data sets, and 6215 hierarchical disease triplet clusters with positive correlations with dementia onset were identified. We subsequently generated 19,438 features to construct prediction models, and the model with the best performance was support vector machine (SVM) with the by-group LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression method (total corresponding features=2513; accuracy=0.615; sensitivity=0.607; specificity=0.622; positive predictive value=0.612; negative predictive value=0.619; area under the curve=0.639). In total, this study captured 49 hierarchical disease triplet clusters related to dementia development, and the most characteristic patterns leading to incident dementia started with cardiovascular conditions (mainly hypertension), cerebrovascular disease, mobility disorders, or infections, followed by neuropsychiatric conditions.

CONCLUSIONS

Dementia development in the real world is an intricate process involving various diseases or conditions, their co-occurrence, and sequential relationships. Using a machine learning approach, we identified 49 hierarchical disease triplet clusters with leading roles (cardio- or cerebrovascular disease) and supporting roles (mental conditions, locomotion difficulties, infections, and nonspecific neurological conditions) in dementia development. Further studies using data from other countries are needed to validate the prediction algorithms for dementia development, allowing the development of comprehensive strategies to prevent or care for dementia in the real world.
Adaptación de un ECOE presencial a modalidad en línea para un examen de altas consecuencias
Authors: Trejo Mejía Juan Andrés , Peña Balderas Jorge , Soto Aguilera Carlos Alberto , Alpuche Hernández Amílcar , Ortiz Montalvo Armando , Cerritos Antonio
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Ante la necesidad de evaluar a distancia las competencias clínicas durante la pandemia de COVID-19, se diseñó y aplicó un examen clínico objetivo estructurado (ECOE) en línea en 2021 a los egresados de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y a las instituciones incorporadas.Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad psicométrica del ECOE en línea 2021 y compararlo con un ECOE presencial realizado en 2020 para un examen de altas consecuencias.Método: Se desarrolló la adaptación del ECOE presencial a la modalidad en línea adecuándose en todos los casos clínicos la habilidad clínica de la exploración física y se sustituyó el rubro de la nota médica por un resumen clínico verbal. Para la aplicación en línea se utilizó la plataforma Zoom, se capacitó a los evaluadores y pacientes estandarizados para homogeneizar su desempeño en esta plataforma. Se analizó el procedimiento empleado en el diseño, elaboración, implementación y calificación; así como el uso de análisis estadístico psicométricos que dieron cuenta de la evidencia de validez referida a la estructura interna de la prueba. Resultados: Ambas modalidades de ECOE constaron de seis estaciones de 20 minutos. Se evaluaron los 99 reactivos que integran la totalidad de las seis competencias evaluadas y discriminaron a <0.001 entre puntajes altos y bajos. Se identificaron seis factores que explican el 60.7% de la varianza en el ECOE presencial, y seis factores más cinco indicadores en la modalidad en línea con una varianza explicada de 56.6%. El Alfa de Cronbach fue 0.96 para el ECOE presencial y 0.93 para la modalidad en línea.Conclusiones: Ambas modalidades de ECOE mostraron evidencias de calidad psicométrica con respecto a la validez de contenido, la estructura interna de la prueba y el proceso de respuesta, lo que le da solidez al mismo. Este estudio observó que la modalidad en línea es una alternativa factible como evaluación de la fase práctica del examen profesional.
A Web Application for Predicting Chronic Kidney Diseases Using Machine Learning
Authors: M Lavanya , S VinayPrasad M
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD) has turn into a serious issue with high growth rate, which requires kidney transplant and Dialysis. So early detection is required to overcome CKD. In this Project, we proposed two ML algorithms to predict CKD, one of the algorithm i.e, Naive Bayes yields a results with an accuracy of 91.54 percentage. comparing with same, KNN yields a better result with an accuracy of 97.18 percentage. GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is used to detect CKD in its early stage by measuring kidney functional level. Diet is recommended based on the stage. we developed a web UI for doctor who can measure kidney function level, stages using GFR equation, upload patient treatment and suggest a diet plan for the patient.
Profile Features of Mobile Network Customers in Ghana as a Basis for Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning
Authors: Yiadom Dr Michael Boakye , Tait Madéle
Published: August 2022

The mobile network industry of Ghana continuously experiences tremendous growth and opportunities for citizens and subsidiary companies worldwide, yet little is known about the profile features of mobile network customers. Mobile network operators need to understand the joy, fun, taste, preferences, feelings, emotional behaviour, lifestyle and satisfaction the individual customers derive from their offerings. This will enable the businesses to design effective and appropriate programmes which appeal to the various segments in which they operate and to assist the network operators to position themselves well in the minds of the target market. The primary objective of this paper is to establish a mobile network customers’ profile, as well as to compare and explore the differences or similarities between their experience dimensions, regarding their age, gender, education and the region they reside in. This information can assist network operators to decide how to treat each segment and whether to offer the same or unique marketing and positioning strategies to the groups. The study adopted a descriptive design and quantitative approach and a total of 415 participants completed the survey, which was analysed through frequency distribution and IBM Amos version 25 with multivariate variances conducted. Statistically significant differences were identified in age, gender, level of education and respondents’ regional locations that could provide operators with sustainable revenue from continued investment.
Digitizing International Financial Reports with iXBRL and the IFRS Taxonomy: The Case of the European Union, U.S., and SAP SE
Authors: Holtzblatt Mark A. , Brands Kristine M.
Published: August 2022

This case enables students to investigate recent financial reporting mandates requiring EU and SEC IFRS filers to digitize financial reports using IFRS-based taxonomies and iXBRL. EU filers are mandated by the ESMA to file IFRS-iXBRL financial reports, complying with the ESEF. SEC IFRS filers follow similar specifications. ESMA and the SEC recently transitioned to XBRL’s enhanced format, iXBRL, combining human and machine-readable language into a single document. Student learning objectives include analyzing these developments and evaluating German multinational corporation SAP SE’s motivation for IFRS–XBRL implementations. SAP, since 2005, files IFRS financials and, since 2009, creates IFRS–XBRL reports. Students apply Corefiling’s Yeti Taxonomy Viewer, the SEC’s EDGAR iXBRL Viewer, and TagniFi’s Console to iXBRL mapping/analysis exercises. The case is for accounting information systems and international accounting courses. It is especially useful for introductory classes on digitized financial reporting with students who have no prior XBRL knowledge.
Transitioning of people with T1D from Multiple Daily Injections (MDI) and Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (BGM) directly to MiniMed™ 780G Advanced Hybrid Closed Loop (AHCL) system: a two-center, randomized controlled study
Authors: Matejko Bartłomiej , Juza Anna , Kieć-Wilk Beata , Cyranka Katarzyna , Krzyżowska Sabina , Chen Xiaoxiao , Cohen Ohad , Silva Julien Da , Malecki Maciej T , Klupa Tomasz
Published: August 2022

  

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of transitioning to the MiniMed™ 780G advanced hybrid closed-loop (AHCL) system in adult individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) naïve to CSII and CGM technologies. 

Research Design and Methods: The trial was a two-center, randomized controlled, parallel group study evaluating individuals with T1DM aged 26-60 years managed with Multiple Daily Injection (MDI) and self-monitoring of blood glucose (BGM), with an HbA1c <10%. 

Results: 41 participants were recruited and randomized to either the AHCL (20) or the MDI+BGM (21) group. 37 participants (age 40.3±8.0 years; duration of diabetes 17.3 ± 12.1 years; BMI 25.1±3.1 kg/m2; HbA1c 7.2% ± 1.0) completed the study. Time spent in target (TIR) increased from 69.3±12.3% at baseline to 85.0±6.3% at 3 months in the AHCL group, while remaining unchanged in the control group: treatment effect 21.5% [95% CI 15.7, 27.3%]; p < 0.001. The Time Below Range (<70 mg/dl; TBR) decreased from 8.7%±7.3 to 2.1%±1.7 in the AHCL group and remained unchanged in the MDI+BGM group (treatment effect -4.4% [95% CI -7.4, -2.1%]; P < 0.001). Participants from the AHCL group also had significant improvements in HbA1c levels (treatment effect -0.6% [95% CI -0.9, -0.2]; p=0.005) and in the quality of life in specific subscales, compared to the MDI+BGM group.

Conclusions: People with T1DM naïve to CSII and CGM technologies initiating AHCL significantly and safely improved their glycemic control, as well as their quality of life and psychological well-being.
Pelatihan Penyusunan Rancangan Penelitian Tindakan bagi Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling SMA di Kabupaten Tanggamus
Authors: Dahlan Syarifuddin , Rahmadiyanthi Ranni , Abriani M. Citra , Hermawan Rahmat
Published: August 2022

Guidance and Counseling Teachers should be accustomed to conducting action research. In fact, BK teachers have not been able to design and carry out research in accordance with the rules and principles of an action research. This training aims to improve the ability of BK teachers to design action research in the field of guidance and counseling. The training was carried out in Tanggamus District using a work-assignment learning method in the form of a workshop and was attended by 40 high school guidance and counseling teachers. The activity begins with briefing and continues with the practice of preparing research proposals in a guided manner. Evaluation of the achievement of activities is carried out to check the level of teacher skills in preparing action research designs correctly using the Action Research Design Quality Assessment Form. The results of the activity showed that in general the skills of the participants had improved. They have been able to formulate the title, problem, objective, and research methodology correctly. Participants categorized as "Highly Skilled" = 15%, "Skilled" = 35%, and "Sufficiently Skilled" = 27.50%, "Less Skilled" = 17.50%, the rest, around 5% are still in the category " Very Unskilled.” Based on the results of the evaluation of activities, it is recommended that this kind of training be followed up by increasing the intensity of the debriefing and expanding the target audience.
Pelatihan Penyusunan Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Bagi Guru Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Punggur Lampung Tengah
Authors: Muncarno  , Astuti Nelly , Rapani  , Diana Siska Mega
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this training is to understand and know about what and how an Educational Research Journal is and understand the preparation of an Educational Research Journal for elementary school teachers in Kotagajah Subdistrict, Central Lampung. This training uses the lecture method, question and answer method and the method of giving examples. Sources of research data are teachers in elementary schools throughout Kotagajah district, Central Lampung, totaling 20 people. The result of this training was that it was able to produce 5 drafts of writing an Educational Research Journal which was followed up with presentation activities in order to get input from various parties and the teachers felt they had gained the knowledge, skills and or experience they really needed.
Turizm Taksonomisi: Kavram Açımlaması Tekniği ile Epistemolojik Bir Analiz
Authors: Gökçe Akif , Batman Orhan
Published: August 2022

Turizm teorisindeki terim-anlam uyumsuzluğu ve zeminsizlik sorunsalı, bu araştırmanın ana çıkış noktası olmuştur. Sorunun çözümüne yönelik bilimsel bir teknik ve bu sayede de bir sınıflandırma modeli geliştirmek ise araştırmanın ana amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu kapsamda araştırma deseni olarak nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden gömülü teoriye başvurulmuştur. Literatür dayanakları, yapılandırılmış mülakat yöntemiyle elde edilen katılımcı akademisyen görüşüyle karşılaştırılmış ve kavram açımlaması tekniğiyle epistemolojik olarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre (1) turizm kavramları, sistematik olarak değerlendirilebilmekte, (2) tür adlandırmaları bazen tür olma gerçekliğini yansıtmamaktadır. Kavram Açımlaması (KA) yöntemi ve Hiyerarşik Turizm Taksonomisi (HTT) modeli, birlikte kullanıldıkları takdirde, turizm tür sınıflandırması için bir değerlendirme aracı olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.
EPOR/CD131-oposredovannaya retinoprotekciya pri rotenon-inducirovannoj nejrotoksichnosti svyazana s uvelicheniem ekspressii genov autofagii
Authors: Солдатов В. О. , Покровский М. В. , Пученкова О. А. , Жунусов Н. С. , Краюшкина А. М. , Гречина А. В. , Солдатова М. О. , Лапин К. Н. , Бушуева О. Ю.
Published: August 2022

Mitohondrial'naya disfunkciya yavlyaetsya klyuchevym drajverom razvitiya nejrodegeneracii. Cel'yu issledovaniya bylo ocenit' protektivnyj potencial stimulyacii EPOR/CD131, geterodimernogo receptora eritropoetina (EPO), pri nejrodegeneracii, vyzvannoj narusheniem funkcii mitohondrij. V kachestve agonistov EPOR/CD131 byli ispol'zovany EPO ili pHBSP, effektivnost' kotoryh ocenivali v usloviyah in vivo i in vitro. V modeli rotenon-inducirovannoj retinopatii odnokratnaya in"ekciya 10 mkg/kg EPO ili 5 mkg/kg pHBSP privela k znachitel'nomu snizheniyu degeneracii ganglionarnyh kletok setchatki (p < 0,05). Krome togo, inkubaciya v 500 nM rastvorah EPO i pHBSP rezko uvelichila vyzhivaemost' pervichnoj myshinoj nejroglial'noj kul'tury, obrabotannoj rotenonom (p < 0,005). Primechatel'no, chto primenenie agonistov EPOR/CD131 privelo k uvelicheniyu ekspressii mRNK LC3A, ATG7, Beclin-1, Parkina i BNIP3, chto svidetel'stvuet ob aktivacii autofagii i mitofagii kak potencial'nom mekhanizme mitoprotektivnogo dejstviya.