bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’agriparc : une innovation pour l’agriculture des territoires urbains ?
Authors: Jarrige Françoise , Perrin Coline
Published: July 2017

Nous nous intéressons à l’agriculture comme nouvel objet des politiques urbaines à travers l’exemple de l’agriparc, projet de parc agricole multifonctionnel inclus dans l’espace urbain. Notre analyse s’appuie sur un suivi des politiques d’aménagement de Montpellier et une série d’entretiens autour de la concrétisation d’un agriparc. Après avoir situé le cas de Montpellier dans une revue d’expériences européennes, nous étudions l’agriparc de Viviers, montrant comment cette opération s’inscrit dans les stratégies des acteurs. L’étude de ce dispositif révèle que leurs visions de l’agriculture et leurs intérêts diffèrent. Notre analyse critique de ce projet permet de discuter de l’agriparc comme outil d’innovation pour l’agriculture des territoires urbains. Cet exemple conduit in fine à une compréhension de l’innovation comme produit des jeux d’acteurs locaux, qui ne se conforme pas au modèle issu des référentiels de multifonctionnalité et de durabilité. En passant du concept à la réalité, l’agriparc devient un espace d’expérimentation « in vivo » où coexistent plusieurs formes d’agriculture urbaine, différant dans leurs modèles technico-économiques et leurs liens à la ville.
Le souk : révélateur de transformations d’un espace rural
Authors: Achouri Walid
Published: July 2017

L’objectif de cette note de recherche est d’étudier les circuits de commercialisation de deux filières (ovins et piment rouge séché) du souk de la petite ville de Jilma au Centre Ouest tunisien. Nous illustrons les transformations et les stratégies d’adaptation du monde agraire aux contraintes locales et à une forte demande sur certains produits de consommation. Le souk hebdomadaire assure la collecte des produits agricoles, leur redistribution et attire des flux de personnes et de biens.
Le TTIP et le secteur non marchand
Authors: Coppens Philippe
Published: July 2017

La place du secteur non marchand dans les traités de libre-échange internationaux comme le TTIP est particulièrement discutée. La raison essentielle est que les biens et les services promus par ce secteur sont historiquement liés à la notion de service public et donc au rôle de l’État dans l’économie. Trois arguments sont développés pour montrer cette difficulté. D’abord, un traité international est un échange de règles juridiques et, en conséquence, un échange de cultures. Le concept de service public participe à une culture juridique développée au tournant du XX e  siècle en Europe. Ensuite, la conclusion d’un traité n’est pas une opération de technique juridique au seul service de la croissance et de l’efficience économique mais il doit être l’occasion d’une réflexion sur les fins de la mondialisation à laquelle le droit doit participer. Enfin, l’existence du secteur non marchand participe à une certaine idée de redistribution des richesses qui est absente du traité.
La Legal Origins Theory : droit, économie, idéologie
Authors: Vandenbulke Antoine
Published: July 2017

Selon la Legal Origins Theory , les origines juridiques d’un État ont une influence significative sur sa croissance économique. Née dans l’orbite du droit des sociétés, elle a d’abord été défendue par un collectif d’auteurs à l’occasion de l’étude du niveau de protection accordé aux actionnaires minoritaires dans différents États à travers le monde. Ils en ont tiré la conclusion que les États appartenant à la culture juridique de Common Law accordaient le plus haut degré de protection, source d’un marché financier efficace et synonyme de croissance économique. La Legal Origins Theory s’est ensuite étendue à d’autres domaines juridiques et s’est attachée à démontrer plus globalement l’efficience générale du modèle de Common Law . Dans la foulée, elle fut au cœur des rapports Doing Business de la Banque mondiale. Cette théorie a suscité de nombreuses critiques que la présente contribution a pour ambition d’exposer. Après l’analyse de la théorie et des critiques émises à son encontre, l’étude tente de dégager les présupposés philosophiques sous-jacents à la Legal Origins Theory, à travers la pensée de deux auteurs : Friedrich von Hayek et Bruno Leoni.
Analysis of stiffness and fatigue resistance of cold recycled asphalt mixtures manufactured with foamed bitumen for their application to airfield pavement design
Authors: Lacalle-Jiménez H. I. , Edwards J. P. , Thom N. H.
Published: July 2017

Cold recycled bound materials (CRBMs) provide an economic and environmental advantage for pavements since they decrease energy and raw material consumption. However, design methods for airfield pavements do not include key CRBM properties. In this paper an empirical-mechanistic method is used to study airfield pavement design with CRBM in order to develop design guidance. The aim of the paper is to obtain the inputs related to material properties needed for use in this method. For this purpose, CRBM containing reclaimed asphalt, with fly ash, cement and foamed bitumen as stabilising agents, was characterised. The methodology included indirect tensile stiffness modulus (ITSM) and indirect tensile fatigue tests (ITFT) in strain control mode. The inputs needed for a pavement design analysis with CRBM were then obtained. The results showed the importance of further study on CRBM fatigue to understand the behaviour of these mixes under cyclic loading.
Analysis of the sensitivity of the impact resonance frequency test as a tool to determine the elastic properties of bituminous materials
Authors: Tauste R. , Moreno-Navarro F. , Gallego R. , Rubio-Gámez M. C.
Published: July 2017

The modulus value of bituminous materials is a key factor in the design of road pavements and the estimation of their life service. This parameter can be measured in laboratory but, unfortunately, this requires the deterioration of the pavement so as the consumption of time and resources. Therefore, this study analyses the feasibility of using impact resonance frequency tests as an alternative to traditional methods for determining the dynamic modulus of bituminous mixtures. The sensitivity of this technique has been studied by analyzing its repeatability and reproducibility, studying the variations in the values measured by modifying the dimensions of the specimens, test temperatures and types of mixture tested. In addition, this non-destructive technique has been compared with other traditional tests used to determine the elastic properties of bituminous materials. The results show that this test could be an interesting tool to characterize the properties and damage state of asphalt layers.
Epithelial TNF Receptor Signaling Promotes Mucosal Repair in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Bradford Emily M. , Ryu Stacy H. , Singh Ajay Pal , Lee Goo , Goretsky Tatiana , Sinh Preetika , Williams David B. , Cloud Amber L. , Gounaris Elias , Patel Vihang , Lamping Olivia F. , Lynch Evan B. , Moyer Mary Pat , De Plaen Isabelle G. , Shealy David J. , Yang Guang-Yu , Barrett Terrence A.
Published: July 2017

TNF plays an integral role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as evidenced by the dramatic therapeutic responses in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients induced by chimeric anti-TNF mAbs. However, treatment of CD patients with etanercept, a decoy receptor that binds soluble TNF, fails to improve disease. To explore this discrepancy, we investigated the role of TNF signaling in Wnt/β-catenin–mediated intestinal stem cell and progenitor cell expansion in CD patients, human cells, and preclinical mouse models. We hypothesized that TNF exerts beneficial effects on intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) responses to injury. In CD patients, intestinal stem cell and progenitor cell Wnt/β-catenin signaling correlates with inflammation status. TNF-deficient (Tnf−/−) mice exhibited increased apoptosis, less IEC proliferation, and less Wnt signaling when stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb. Bone marrow (BM) chimera mice revealed that mucosal repair depended on TNF production by BM–derived cells and TNFR expression by radioresistant IECs. Wild-type→Tnfr1/2−/− BM chimera mice with chronic dextran sodium sulfate colitis exhibited delayed ulcer healing, more mucosal inflammation, and impaired Wnt/β-catenin signaling, consistent with the hypothesis that epithelial TNFR signaling participates in mucosal healing. The direct effect of TNF on stem cells was demonstrated by studies of TNF-induced Wnt/β-catenin target gene expression in murine enteroids and colonoid cultures and TNF-induced β-catenin activation in nontransformed human NCM460 cells (TOPFlash) and mice (TOP-GAL). Together, these data support the hypothesis that TNF plays a beneficial role in enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling during ulcer healing in IBD. These novel findings will inform clinicians and therapeutic chemists alike as they strive to develop novel therapies for IBD patients.
THE OLIVE TREE, A SOURCE OF ANTIOXIDANT COMPOUNDS
Authors: Tamasi Gabriella , Bonechi Claudia , Belyakova Anastasiya , Pardini Alessio , Rossi Claudio
Published: July 2017

Products from Olea europaea L. i.e. leaves, olive oil and pomace are promising sources of bioactive compounds. In leaves, antioxidant compounds show a concentration dependence on the vegetative cycle of the trees, higher antioxidant concentration coinciding with seasonal vegetative changes. Olive oil, but particularly pomances are a rich source of health-giving effect compounds more specifically polyphenolic antioxidants. Many of these compounds may be of interest for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industry, especially because both pomance and leaves are currently considered waste of the olive oil production.
Development spots in communication during the management of the intrapartum period: An interpretive multiple case study in a developing context
Authors: M'Rithaa Doreen K.M. , Fawcus Susan R. , De la Harpe Margaretha , Korpela Mikko
Published: July 2017

Background: Health care activities are influenced by information communication between women during pregnancy, birth and motherhood and skilled birth attendants (SBAs) and further, between the health care workers during the continuum of care. Therefore, effective information communication processes (ICP) within and between health care facilities are a requirement for appropriate management of patients or clients. The management of the intrapartum period requires swift responses while managing critical information required for further referral and management processes. The involvement of multiple actors at different times with the same client carries the risk of communication breakdown at different points and at different levels of care. The information communicated during the intrapartum period is critical and should be accurate, timely and more importantly appropriate to enable better maternal and neonatal outcomes.Purpose: The purpose of this article is to discuss the complexities around ICP identified within a developing context that influence the management of the intrapartum period.Methods: Multi-method, multiple case study approach was used to analyse two case studies. Only the challenges from one case study (A) are discussed in this article. In-depth interviews were conducted with the SBAs. The role of observer-as-participant was utilised during the observation; field notes and document review methods were used to gather the data. Thematic analysis and activity analysis were applied to analyse the data.Results: The findings identified challenges with information and communication that influenced the management of the intrapartum period.Conclusion: This study exhibited the challenges identified as development points that can influence the management of the intrapartum period. These challenges were also identified as desirable changes from the present state depending on the perspective of the actor.
Единственность ренормализованного решения эллиптико-параболической задачи в анизотропных пространствах Соболева-Орлича
Authors: Mukminov Farit Khamzaevich
Published: July 2017

Рассматривается первая смешанная задача для некоторого класса анизотропных эллиптико-параболических уравнений с двойными переменными нелинейностями в цилиндрической области $( 0,T)\times\Omega$. Область $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ может быть неограниченной. Методом Кружкова удвоения переменной $t$ доказывается единственность ренормализованного решения. Такой же результат установлен для уравнения с нестепенными нелинейностями.
Библиография: 24 названия.
Асимптотический анализ параметрической неустойчивости нелинейных гиперболических уравнений
Authors: Belonosov Vladimir Sergeevich
Published: July 2017

Исследуется параметрический резонанс при нелинейных периодических возмущениях дифференциальных уравнений, являющихся абстрактными аналогами гиперболических систем. С помощью модификации метода усреднения Крылова-Боголюбова, позволяющей преодолеть известную проблему малых знаменателей, описание решений возмущенных уравнений при резонансе сводится к изучению автономных динамических систем в конечномерных пространствах.
Библиография: 28 названий.
Спектральная асимптотика надкритического ветвящегося случайного блуждания
Authors: Yarovaya Elena Borisovna
Published: July 2017

Рассматривается надкритическое ветвящееся случайное блуждание по многомерной решетке с непрерывным временем и конечным числом источников генерации частиц одинаковой интенсивности без ограничения на дисперсию скачков. Установлено асимптотическое поведение функции Грина и собственного значения эволюционного оператора средних численностей частиц при интенсивности источников, близкой к критической. Для расположения источников, при котором расстояния между ними попарно стремятся к бесконечности, выявлен эффект «предельного слипания» собственных значений.
О спектре выборочных ковариационных матриц для временных рядов
Authors: Yaskov Pavel Andreevich
Published: July 2017

Изучается спектр выборочной ковариационной матрицы, отвечающей временному ряду длины $n$ со значениями в $\mathbf R^p$. В предположении, что $p/n\to\rho >0$, получены условия, при которых предельное спектральное распределение данных матриц обладает свойством универсальности, т.е. имеет такую же форму, как и в случае гауссовских рядов. Условия сводятся к тому, чтобы билинейные формы значений ряда были близки к своим средним.
Moment inequalities for $m$-NOD random variables and their applications
Authors: Wang Xuejun J , Hu Sh. H , Volodin Andrei Igorevich
Published: July 2017

Вводится понятие $m$-отрицательно ортант зависимых (сокращенно $m$-NOD) случайных величин и для них устанавливаются моментные неравенства, такие как неравенство Марцинкевича-Зигмунда и Розенталя. Как одно из применений моментных неравенств изучаются $L_r$- и почти наверное сходимости для $m$-NOD случайных величин при определенных условиях на равномерную интегрируемость. С другой стороны, устанавливается асимптотическое разложение обратных моментов для неотрицательных $m$-NOD случайных величин с конечными начальными моментами. Результаты статьи обобщают или улучшают некоторые известные результаты для независимых и некоторых классов зависимых последовательностей.
Enfoque plurilingüe integrador: una experiencia educativa interdisciplinar en el tratamiento integrado de lenguas en la ESO
Authors: Mallol Cristina , Alsina Miquel
Published: July 2017

La optimización del aprendizaje de lenguas es hoy en día una de las preocupaciones pedagógicas más significativas en nuestro país. El principal objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las percepciones de los estudiantes y los docentes en un centro de secundaria donde se aplicó un Enfoque Plurilingüe Integrador (EPI). Se llevó a cabo una investigación acción participativa en la que todos los departamentos lingüísticos del centro trabajaron cooperativamente para implantar un Tratamiento Integrado de Lenguas (TIL). Se recopilaron datos a través de cuestionarios y grupos de discusión, entre otros registros. Los resultados evidenciaron que mediante el aprendizaje global, transversal e interdisciplinar, tanto de lenguas maternas como de segundas lenguas o lenguas extranjeras, los alumnos se sentían más seguros, utilizando como recurso sus experiencias y conocimientos previos. En consecuencia, dichos alumnos estaban más motivados para adquirir las competencias plurilingüe y multicultural, dos competencias genéricas muy relevantes para el futuro desarrollo académico y personal de nuestros estudiantes.
Efficacy of Cabergoline in the Prevention of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-blind and Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Singh Swati , Singh Sankalp , Raman Ambujakshy K , Ramakrishnan Sujatha , Ashraf C Mohamed
Published: July 2017

Introduction

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication that arises due to assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) during infertility treatment. Recently, the use of selective dopamine receptor agonists on D2 receptors (e.g., cabergoline) has been suggested in the prevention of OHSS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cabergoline in the prevention of OHSS in high-risk patients undergoing ART.

Materials and methods

This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel group (cabergoline group and placebo) study. A total of 110 women undergoingin vitrofertilization (IVF)–intracytoplasmic sperm injection procedure using a long agonist protocol with high risk for OHSS were recruited for the study on the day of final trigger. All the patients were followed up every 48 hours for 10 days from the day of the final trigger and clinically assessed with ultrasound and blood tests. The size of ovaries and fluid collection in the pouch of Douglas (POD) was measured with ultrasound. A sample size of 92 subjects was calculated for the study to be powered at 80%. Assuming a drop-out rate of 10%, 110 subjects were enrolled for the study.

Results

There was no significant difference observed in the size of right and left ovary, POD fluid volume, total leukocyte count (TLC), and serum estradiol level (E2 level) between both the groups from day 0 to day 8, except packed cell volume. No significant difference was observed in the incidence rate of moderate OHSS between both groups (p = 0.728). The differences in clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, and live birth rate were also insignificant.

Conclusion

Cabergoline does not reduce the incidence of moderate OHSS when compared with placebo. Large, well-designed studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of cabergoline when used for the prevention of OHSS.

How to cite this article

Singh S, Singh S, Raman AK, Ramakrishnan S, Ashraf CM. Efficacy of Cabergoline in the Prevention of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-blind and Placebo-controlled Trial. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2017;8(2):54-60
Comparison between Day 2 and Day 3 Embryo Transfer following in vitro Fertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
Authors: Talreja Deepa , Pai Hrishikesh D , Shintre Hemant S , Shah Kinjal R
Published: July 2017

Aim

To compare reproductive outcomes of day 2 and day 3 embryo transfer (ET).

Materials and methods

In this retrospective records study, all couples who underwentin vitrofertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) and ET cycles at Lilavati Hospital & Research Centre over a period of 1 year were studied. Data were collected and analyzed by chi-square test and unpairedt-test by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 16.

Results

There was no statistically significant difference between the clinical and demographic parameters of group day 3 and day 2 ET. In our study, clinical pregnancy rate was 45% in day 3 ET and 36.5% in day 2 ET group [odds ratio (OR) 1.43, p-value 0.49]. The ongoing pregnancy rate was 39.2% in day 3 ET and 26.9% in day 2 ET group (OR 1.75, p-value 0.26). We observed that the miscarriage rate was 5.9% in day 3 ET and was 5.8% in day 2 ET group (p-value 0.69, OR 1.02). We observed one case each of multiple pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and fetal anomaly (anencephaly) in day 2 ET group, while in day 3 ET group, no such case was detected.

Conclusion

There are chances that day 3 ET has better clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates than day 2 ET, but the difference is not statistically significant. Study showed similar miscarriage rates in both groups and very low incidence of complications like multiple pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and fetal anomaly. So, it is safe to schedule and transfer embryos either on day 2 or on day 3 for planning and programming cycles in coordination with patient and IVF team and for adjusting weekends (nonworking days).

Clinical significance

Many steps of IVF procedure became standardized. However, the optimum timing of ET is still debatable. Several studies comparing ET on day 2vsday 3 after oocyte retrieval have been performed, but the conclusions are conflicting. Despite development in culture media allowing blastocyst transfer, many centers still practice day 2/3 ET.

How to cite this article

Shintre HS, Pai HD, Talreja D, Shah KR. Comparison between Day 2 and Day 3 Embryo Transfer followingin vitroFertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2017;8(2):68-74.
A Retrospective Study of Recipient-related Predictors of Success in an Oocyte Donation Program
Authors: Balasubramanyam Sathya , Punhani Ritu , Shankar Kundavi , Varma Thankam R
Published: July 2017

Introduction

Prior to the era ofin vitrofertilization, no options for conception were available to women with primary ovarian insufficiency, decreased ovarian reserve, or genetically transmittable diseases. Oocyte donation (OD) has been used in such women for almost 30 years. It also offers an opportunity to study the participation of the uterus in the process of human embryo implantation.

Aim

To identify recipient variables that may have a significant impact on the pregnancy outcome of an OD program.

Materials and methods

The present study was conducted at Madras Medical Mission Hospital, Chennai, India. We retrospectively evaluated 192 patients and 283 embryo transfer cycles as a result of OD over a period of 5 years. Rates of implantation, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth were calculated for different age groups, endometrial thickness (ET), indications of OD, fresh and frozen embryo transfers (FET), type of subfertility, past history of endometriosis, and body mass index (BMI) of the recipients. Data evaluation was mainly done by Chi-square analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were made for age and ET.

Results

The results of this study showed a clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) of 37.1%, implantation rate (IR) of 19.3%, miscarriage rate of 20.4%, ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR) of 32.2%, and live birth rate (LBR) of 26.6%. Significant association was seen between age of recipient and OPR (p = 0.014), and also between fresh embryo transfers, CPR, OPR, and LBR (p < 0.05). The ROC curves showed a significant association of LBR with age of recipient.

Conclusion

Although no single or combined recipient variable(s) could be identified as predictor(s) of pregnancy, significant association was found between OPR, LBR, and recipient's age and also between fresh embryo transfers with CPR, OPR, and LBR.

How to cite this article

Punhani R, Balasubramanyam S, Shankar K, Varma TR. A Retrospective Study of Recipient-related Predictors of Success in an Oocyte Donation Program. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2017;8(2):75-82.
A frágil gênese da tutela jurídica do meio ambiente no sistema multilateral de comércio: uma análise do período de Bretton Woods à Rodada de Tóquio (1947-1979)
Authors: Dal Ri Júnior Arno , De Andrade Mariana Clara
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2016v37n73p193O presente artigo tem por objetivo estudar os traços iniciais das discussões sobre questões ambientais no âmbito do Acordo Geral sobre Tarifas e Comércio (GATT), durante o período compreendido desde as negociações da pretendida carta da Organização Internacional do Comércio (ITO), em 1947, até o final da Rodada de Tóquio, em 1979. Para tanto, foram analisados principalmente os textos dos acordos da época e os documentos produzidos nas rodadas de negociação. O estudo desse período mostra-se relevante por esboçar as origens de uma discussão que viria a ganhar força nos anos subsequentes, repercutindo até os dias atuais.
A Relevância do Acórdão Bustani do Tribunal Administrativo da OIT para a Consagração do Princípio da Autonomia das Organizações Internacionais
Authors: Silva Karine De Souza
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2016v37n73p227O objetivo deste artigo é destacar a mportância do Acórdão “Bustani”, proferido pelo Tribunal Administrativo da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (TAOIT), para a consolidação do princípio da autonomia, considerado um dos elementos constitutivos da personalidade jurídica das Organizações Internacionais. O primeiro tópico apresenta a Organização para a Proibiçãode Armas Químicas e expõe a narrativa do caso que culminou na deposição do Diretor-Geral e motivou a postulação da demanda com o TAOIT. Na sequência, figuram os principais contornos do processo, nomeadamente os argumentos das partes, as bases jurídicas e a decisão da Corte. Finalmente, são evidenciados o trajeto de afirmação da autonomia como raison d’être das OIs e a relevância da jurisprudência Bustani.
Walter Benjamin em Gotham City: sobre a violência pura
Authors: Matos Andityas Soares de Moura Costa
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2016v37n74p137O presente trabalho reflete brevemente sobre as ideias de violência pura e de estado de exceção efetivo no pensamento de Walter Benjamin (1892-1940), lançando na seção 2 a hipótese de que são resultados de uma longa meditação que começa com o texto Sobre a crítica da violência (1921), passa pelo denso fragmento O caráter destrutivo (1931) e chega à obra intitulada Teses sobre o conceito de história (1940), quando Benjamin percebe com clareza à impossibilidade de se negociar com as instituições democrático-liberais, as quais funcionam como estruturas desaceleradoras (katéchonta) do tempo da revolução, leitura apresentada na seção 1 mediante a profanação do conceito original schmittiano. O artigo passa então na seção 3 a interpretar as ideias de Benjamin em um cenário de ficção – a trilogia Batman de Christopher Nolan – que a cada dia parece mais terrivelmente real, concluindo com um parágrafo de sabor agambeniano sobre o direito-que-vem (seção 4).
A Crítica de Amartya Sen à Concepção Rawlsiana de Justiça
Authors: Pansieri Flávio
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2016v37n74p181O presente artigo tem como intuito abordar o tema da justiça na obra do filósofo John Rawls e do economista Amartya Sen. O objetivo é apresentar, em um primeiro momento, a noção de justiça de Amartya construída sob uma ótica prática, ou seja, vinculada a uma ótica prospectiva de resolução de problemas sociais. Em seguida, serão abordados os princípios de justiça de John Rawls e a crítica de Sen a esta concepção denominada por ele de institucionalismo transcendental. O intuito é estabelecer um paralelo entre duas concepções distintas do justo, no afã de se contribuir com o debate contemporâneo acerca do tema.
The Judgment of the Italian Constitutional Court on State Immunity in Cases of Serious Violations of Human Rights or Humanitarian Law: a tentative analysis under international law
Authors: De Sena Pasquale
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2016v37n74p97O artigo discute o julgamento 238/2014 emanado pela Corte Constitucional Italiana sobre Imunidade Estatal em casos de sérias violações a direitos humanos ou direito humanitário. O propósito é oferecer algumas reflexões críticas sobre a potencial relevância deste julgamente no posterior desenvolvimento do regime jurídico internacional em relação a imunidades estatais em casos de sérias violações a direitos humanos ou direito humanitário. Para melhor abordar esta questão, a análise será dividida em duas partes. Na primeira parte, será abordado o potencial significado do argumento adotado pela Corte. Na segunda parte, a abordagem da Corte Constitucional Italiana será avaliada, com foco na sua capacidade de afetar em uma maior dimensão o desenvolvimento da prática relevante.
Divine Work, Japanese Colonial Cinema and its Legacy
Authors: Taylor-Jones Kate
Published: July 2017

For many East Asian nations, cinema and Japanese Imperialism arrived within a few years of each other. Exploring topics such as landscape, gender, modernity and military recruitment, this study details how the respective national cinemas of Japan's territories struggled under, but also engaged with, the Japanese Imperial structures. Japan was ostensibly committed to an ethos of pan-Asianism and this study explores how this sense of the transnational was conveyed cinematically across the occupied lands. Taylor-Jones traces how cinema in the region post-1945 needs to be understood not only in terms of past colonial relationships, but also in relation to how the post-colonial has engaged with shifting political alliances, the opportunities for technological advancement and knowledge, the promise of larger consumer markets, and specific historical conditions of each decade.
A DNA biosensor for molecular diagnosis of Aeromonas hydrophila using zinc sulfide nanospheres
Authors: Negahdary Masoud , Jafarzadeh Mahnaz , Rahimzadeh Roya , Rahimi Ghasem , Dehghani Hamideh
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Today, identification of pathogenic bacteria using modern and accurate methods is inevitable. Integration in electrochemical measurements with nanotechnology has led to the design of efficient and sensitive DNA biosensors against bacterial agents. Here, efforts were made to detect Aeromonas hydrophila using aptamers as probes and zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanospheres as signal enhancers and electron transfer facilitators. After modification of the working electrode area (in a screen-printed electrode) with ZnS nanospheres through electrodeposition, the coated surface of a modified electrode with ZnS nanospheres was investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The size of synthesized ZnS nanospheres was estimated at about 20–50 nm and their shape was in the form of porous plates in microscopic observations. All electrochemical measurements were performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and constant potential amperometry (CPA) techniques. The designed DNA biosensor was able to detect deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of Aeromonas hydrophila in the range 1.0  ×  10−4 to 1.0  ×  10−9 mol L−1; the limit of detection (LOD) in this study was 1  ×  10−13 mol L−1. This DNA biosensor showed satisfactory thermal and pH stability. Reproducibility for this DNA biosensor was measured and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the performance of this DNA biosensor was calculated as 5 % during 42 days.
A Life in Classroom Music: Memoir and Meaning
Authors: Harwood Eve
Published: July 2017

This article offers an autobiographical account of my first 3 years in elementary school in Ontario, Canada, in the form of a memoir and commentary. A first-level analysis uses historical sources to identify the particular confluence of political, cultural, social, and educational factors that shaped music instruction in Ontario at the time. A second-level analysis identifies recurring issues and dilemmas tacitly embedded in the narrative and raises questions that have continuing relevance for the profession at large.
Embodiment and Ethnographic Sensitivity in Narrative Inquiry
Authors: Sutela Katja , Ojala Juha , Juntunen Marja-Leena
Published: July 2017

In this article, we reflect on how aspects of the researcher’s embodiment may infuse narrative inquiry. For reflecting on the role of the researcher’s embodiment, we use an opportunity provided by a case study in which the development of one adolescent student’s agency during a teaching intervention was observed, analyzed, and presented in a narrative form. The case is a part of the first author’s ongoing ethnographic practitioner research, which examines the possibilities of Dalcroze-based music teaching in fostering students’ agency in the context of special music education in Finnish lower secondary school. The doctoral study focuses on students’ capacity for narrative self-expression through nonverbal communication, by telling stories out of and through the body as indicators of agency.

In this article, we explore how different aspects of embodied interaction between a teacher-researcher and a participating student may infuse narrative analysis. We identify 4 ways in which the teacher-researcher and the student shaped the interpretation of the narrative that the student told through his body and bodily expression: clarity of experience, empathy, valence (of experience), and balance (of power relations and roles). While also contributing to the research in special and music education by dealing with inclusive aspects of music education, this article invites other narrative researchers to enter further dialogue on embodiment in narrative analysis by asking: What is the meaning of the relationship between the researcher and the participant in terms of embodied experiences, senses, feelings, perceptions, and emotions?
From Pacifism to Resistance: The Evolution of Nonviolence in Wartime America
Authors: Siracusa Anthony C.
Published: July 2017

This essay illuminates the process by which the idea of pacifism—a notion rooted in the Quaker religious tradition—evolved into a legible political philosophy of nonviolence with broad appeal for activists in the Black freedom struggle. It does this by analyzing the “interracial and interchurch” workshops held in communities across the United States beginning in 1943. These workshops—borne from collaboration between the Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR) and the March on Washington Movement (MOWM)—sparked an important moment of interracial collaboration, an intentional movement strategy designed to bolster local efforts to develop nonviolence into a political weapon used in cities across the United States to erode Jim Crow segregation. Within these nonviolent institutes, local movement activists engaged in a process of what social theorist Sean Chabot has called “collective learning.” Collective learning outcomes included increased clarification about the ideas that best motivated activists to take personal risks, which nonviolent tactics are most readily learned and practiced, and which sites might be most effectively targeted by nonviolent tactics. This paper concludes by suggesting that these nonviolent institutes were critical to harnessing the political potential as well as understanding the limitations of interracial nonviolent action in the struggle against Jim Crow segregation.
Two Turns around the Digital: Horse Racing, Maps, and Process
Authors: Silverman Jonathan
Published: July 2017

In this paper, I explore how doing digital mapping work helped me rethink my traditional scholarly work through a conversation between the digital and the material. I begin with a description of a process involving finding racetracks converted into housing developments and move on to a discussion of the mapping of information broadly defined. I looked for references to horse racing, searched maps for their presence, and then went to the modern-day map and satellite image to see if their presence remained. What emerged from my work is the seemingly universal presence of racetracks in almost every location. While I continue to map racetracks in my project on New York City horse racing, a more process-oriented idea of mapping also emerged, a type of mental mapping of how and where racing existed and how one might begin to contextualize these maps, both geographic and mental.
Mapping Politics into the Stadium: Political Demonstrations and Soccer Culture in Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1973–74
Authors: Schaefer Jennifer L.
Published: July 2017

In August 1973 and March 1974, tens of thousands of left-wing Peronists filled the Buenos Aires stadium where the Club Atlético Atlanta soccer team usually played. These demonstrations showed the political Left’s force during a period of escalating conflict with right-wing strains of Peronism. The urban arteries that bordered the Atlanta stadium allowed the event organizers to plan for large groups to approach from several directions. As soccer and political practices converged in a single site, the demonstrations revealed how soccer culture permeated a city and how political practices transformed the stadium into a multilayered symbol. Drawing on fliers, photographs, contemporary reports, and historical maps, this article analyzes how mapping the event with Neatline offers insight into repertoires of political and stadium cultures and demonstrates how the open-source archival platform Omeka can organize photographs and historical maps to unpack the stadium’s multiple layers of symbolism.
Peritonea-vaginal canal pathologies at Regional Hospital Center of Lomé-Commune (Togo): Epidemiological, anatomoclinical and therapeutic aspects
Authors: Kpatékana Simlawo , B Tchangaï , K Kanassoua , MA Boumé , A Sakye , DM Sambiani , ED Dosseh , B Songné
Published: July 2017

Objective: To describe epidemiological, anatomo-clinical and therapeutic aspects of peritoneo-vaginal canal pathologies (PVCP).Methods: We performed a retrospective and descriptive study on the files of PVCP cases operated in Lomé-Commune Regional Hospital (Togo). The study data concerned: the age, the occuring mode, anatomo-clinical classification, the side and treatment outcomes.Results: 107 files were collected from January 2011 to December 2015. The average age was 9.2 ± 8 years with a range from 16 months to 47 years. Twelve patients were less than 2 years and 14 patients were adults. The main consultation motive was an intermittent and painless inguinal or inguino-scrotal swelling in 89 cases (83.18%). The PVCP was in the right side in 66 patients (61.68%) and bilateral in 8 patients (7.47%). Concerning anatomo-clinical types, inguinal or inguino-scrotal hernia were more frequent (62.6%). The treatment was surgical in all cases and the average hospital stay was 2.1 days. The operative follow up was satisfactory in 94.3%. However, we noticed 4 cases of scrotal hematoma and 2 cases of parietal suppuration. The mortality rate after surgery was zero. One year back, we noticed two cases of testicular atrophy.Conclusions: Pathologies of the peritoneo-vaginal canal are frequent in our urological practice. Inguinal hernia and inguinoscrotal hernia are more represented. The surgical treatment results are successful.
Differentiating Cooperative Learning and Collaborative Learning: What Is Fit for Pakistani Higher Education?
Authors: Panhwar Abdul Hameed , Gopang Abdul Sattar , Chachar Zubair Ahmed , Baloch Shahnaz
Published: July 2017

This paper attempts to clarify the relationship between cooperative and collaborative learning and shows that cooperative learning could be more effective in the context of Pakistani higher education. It is argued that although both these approaches are forms of group work, cooperative learning is more structured and controlled. Collaborative learning, on the contrary, is not that structured and depends on students to work independently in groups without involving the instructor authority very much. Therefore, the researchers in this research paper tend to justify how the teaching of English as a second language (ESL) in Pakistani higher education is more or less teacher-cantered and exam-based and how a structured approach to group work like cooperative learning might be of a great assistance in teaching English language in Pakistani universities and colleges. Hence, the study, through the critical review of the studies on cooperative and collaborative learning, aims at providing the rationale that cooperative learning might be more effective in teaching ESL classes in the present context. Furthermore, with the help of the previous research, Pakistani teachers and educators are provided with useful methods and suggestions for how to use cooperative learning in their ESL classes effectively. Thus, the aim of the paper is to offer additional understanding on how instructors can efficiently adopt cooperative learning to ESL teaching-learning processes in their classrooms.
The Impact of Discourse Marker Instruction on Fluency, Accuracy, and Complexity Improvement of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners
Authors: Asadzadian Ghader , Saad Rashid , Asadzadian Fereshteh
Published: July 2017

The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of discourse marker (DM) instruction on fluency, accuracy, and complexity improvement of Iranian intermediate EFL learner’s writing. To this aim, among the two hundred forth year English major learners in Dezful university, Iran, fifty of them who were in the intermediate level, based on the scoring system of the university, were recruited. They were given a topic to write before intervention. Then, the fifty participants passed through twenty-hour instruction on micro and macro DMs, based on Belles-Furtuno’s (2004) classification of discourse markers. The mentioned classification included both sentential and supra sentential markers. In the process of explicit instruction (EI) of DMs, they were given various exercises and activities to apply DMs and learn the function and usage of these units and input flood (IF) was performed along with corrective feedback (CF) with the help of the teacher with their mistakes and misunderstandings of DMs. After intervention, they were given another topic to write to examine if EI+IF of DMs could help them improve fluency, accuracy, and complexity of their writing. To quantify the results the Wolfe-Quintero (1998) method was used and it was unveiled that all the three components of writing improved after intervention, which practically means instruction of DMs could enhance learner’s writing in the three aspects. The findings can be used by teachers and syllabus designers to consider DMs as one of the most crucial components in writing courses.
Selection and Gradation of Materials: A Review of the Second Semester’s English Materials of Preparatory Year, Najran University
Authors: Nazim Mohammad , Ahmad Jalal
Published: July 2017

This study was conducted to review the process of selection and gradation of English materials and to explore their effectiveness and appropriateness for the students of second level, at PYP (Preparatory Year Program), Najran University. It also reviewed various factors responsible for the constant change in English materials at PYP. A questionnaire consists of 11 questions along with two semi structured interview questions was distributed among 15 teachers. Data collected from participants was analyzed using simple excel and SPSS. The results revealed that the material was not appropriately selected and graded, and the lessons and the exercises in the materials were not useful as per the students’ academic needs. Furthermore, majority of the respondents agreed that the materials did not cater to achieve desired learning outcomes. The study, in the end, recommends some possible measures to be taken into consideration while selecting and grading the materials to achieve the desired goal.
“Dragon and Bear”: A SF-MDA Approach to Intersemiotic Relations
Authors: Gao Hongmiao
Published: July 2017

Compared with analysing the meaning of discourse from the perspective of language only, multimodal discourse analysis embarking on modes like images, words, colour, sound and other elements can help understand the underlying meaning expressed more thoroughly. Systemic functional multimodal discourse analysis (SF-MDA) built upon systemic functional theory (SFT) is employed in this study. An illustrated article issued in The Economist is taken as an example to fully dredge the intersemiotic relations between the text and the image. By describing the text, interpreting and explaining the underlying sociocultural background of the countries involved, it functions to fully excavate the differences and problems faced by the two countries so that strategies can be defined to cope with the existent problems within. The study finds out that there is an intersemiotic complementarity between the verbal text and visual image. Hopefully, this paper can pave the way for the future research of intersemiotic relations between different modes.
Angiogenic Marker Alterations Following Enamel Matrix Derivative Treatment: A Human Study
Authors: Özçelik Onur , Seydaoğlu Gülşah , Cömert Murat , Yılmaz Eftal , Haytaç M. Cenk
Published: July 2017

Aim: The aim of this immunohistochemical study was to assess the expression of angiogenic markers (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density (MVD) in enamel matrix derivative (EMD) treated retromolar soft tissues to gain further insights into the biological mechanisms involved in wound healing and EMD treatment.

Methodology: In twenty healthy volunteers, gingival biopsies were obtained from the distal wedge operations of test (EMD-applied) and control sites. EMD was applied into the test sites during the operation. At the 15th post-operative day, the sample sites were re-entered and gingival tissue samples were obtained from both test and control sites. A total of 80 samples for each sites were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for inflammatory infiltrate, expression of VEGF and MVD.

Results: Despite similar post-operative inflammatory infiltrate, it was found that EMD- applied sites had statistically higher VEGF-A and VEGF-C expression and MVD compared to the controls on the 15th day. (p <0.0001 for each)

Conclusions: This study supports that EMD has an angiogenic potential. The findings of this immunohistochemical analysis may help to gain insight into the angiogenic effects of EMD during the early phases of wound healing. 

How to cite this article: Özçelik O, Seydaoğlu G, Cömert M, Yılmaz E, Haytaç MC. Angiogenic Marker Alterations Following Enamel Matrix Derivative Treatment: A Human Study. Int Dent Res 2012;2:8-16.

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
A Rare Complication Associated with Distraction Osteogenesis in Correction of Maxillary Hypoplasia
Authors: Apaydın Ayşegül , Yenigün Serdar , Can Taylan
Published: July 2017

Aim: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is an alternative to orthognathic surgery that appears to have some advantages for advancement in the maxilla and mandible, but relatively high complication rates have been reported in the maxillofacial region.

Methodology: A 22-year-old female with the chief complaint of maxillary hypoplasia was referred to our clinic. A two-stage procedure combining maxillary advancement by distraction technique with mandibular setback surgery was performed to correct jaw deformity. At the sixth day of the distraction breakage of the device occurred. The distractors were removed and the patient was treated using conventional osteotomy techniques to achieve good occlusion and improve the facial profile

Results: Besides there are a number of studies about complications of DO, breakage of distractor has been really rare reported. In our case this unexpected and a very rarely reported complication occurred.

Conclusions: The purpose of the present case report is to present an undesirable and very rare complication associated with the maxillary distraction device and an alternative treatment method for managing this undesirable failure.

How to cite this article: Apaydın A, Yenigün S, Can T. A Rare Complication Associated with Distraction Osteogenesis in Correction of Maxillary Hypoplasia. Int Dent Res 2012;2:23-26.

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.