bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic epilepsy: clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features
Authors: Maslov N. E. , Litvinova A. A. , Kovalev P. S. , Maslova N. N. , Yuryeva N. V. , Khamtsova E. I.
Published: January 2022

According to 2019 statistics records, traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are the most common type of injuries and one of the main causes for disability in Russia. Every year 200 people per 10,000 subjects around the world suffer from serious brain injuries. Severe TBI can result in long-term disability. Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is one of the most dramatic consequences of TBI with an estimated incidence rate ranging from 2% to 50% based on severity of injury. Conducting studies on PTE poses numerous challenges because epilepsy never develops in many patients with TBI or it may occur more than 10 years after TBI.

In this review, which includes data from studies conducted by Russian researchers, including us, and foreign colleagues over the last few years (mainly 2017–2022), we analyzed and generalized currently known risk factors, clinical and diagnostic features of PTE in order to increase the awareness about modern methods of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics related to this disease (including electroencephalography and routine/special neuroimaging techniques that allow to identify PTE biomarkers). We also aimed to promote development of preventive strategies for patient management. It has been proved that no clear algorithms for PTE diagnostics and treatment are currently available, which often leads to insufficient patient care.
Assessing efficacy of endoscopic ventriculocisternostomy using a semi-rigid needle endoscope in сhildren with hydrocephalus and concomitant drug-resistant epilepsy: results of CT brain perfusion and time-frequency EEG analysis
Authors: Sufianov A. A. , Sufianova G. Z. , Shapkin A. G. , Shelyagin I. S. , Al Zakhrani A. A. H. , Rustamov R. R. , Stefanov S. Zh. , Khayretdinov A. M. , Sufianov R. A. , Simfukwe K.
Published: January 2022

Background. The probability of seizures after endoscopic surgical treatment of hydrocephalus may comprise up to 9.5%, therefore accounting for a need to find solutions for alleviating the surgical trauma to the brain. One option to this problem might be based on using “seamless” neurosurgery, particularly endoscopes with a minimal outer sheath diameter (needle endoscopes, shunt endoscopes).

Objective: to evaluate major outcomes of surgically treated epilepsy, cerebral haemodynamics and electroencephalogram (EEG) in children with hydrocephalus and concomitant drug-resistant epilepsy before and after endoscopic ventriculocysternostomy of the third ventricular floor by using a semi-rigid needle endoscope.

Material and methods. In the early and remote postoperative periods, no epileptic seizures were observed in 57.1% of subjects (Engel Class I). Mean seizure frequency decreased from 12.9±6.1 to 0.82±0.31 per month (p<0.01). A significant decline in slow-wave amplitude and the paroxysmal index from 19.1±2.5% to 6.9±1.7% (p<0.01) were observed, as well as improvement of cerebral hemodynamics in the form of increased mean cerebral blood flow by 29.1±4.3% (p<0.01), mean circulating blood volume by 22.4±5.27% (p<0.05) and decreased mean transit time by 12.8±2.5% (p<0.05).

Results. In the early and remote postoperative periods, no epileptic seizures were observed in 57.1% of subjects (Engel Class I). Mean seizure frequency decreased from 12.9±6.1 to 0.82±0.31 per month (p<0.01). A significant decline in slow-wave amplitude and the paroxysmal index from 19.1±2.5% to 6.9±1.7% (p><0.01) were observed, as well as improvement of cerebral hemodynamics in the form of increased mean cerebral blood flow by 29.1±4.3% (p><0.01), mean circulating blood volume by ><0.01). A significant decline in slow-wave amplitude and the paroxysmal index from 19.1±2.5% to 6.9±1.7% (p<0.01), mean circulating blood volume by 22.4±5.27% (p<0.05) and decreased mean transit time by 12.8±2.5% (p><0.05).
The Resolution of the Russian League Against Epilepsy Working Group Meeting (September 25, 2021, Moscow)
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: January 2022

On September 25, 2021, the Russian League Against Epilepsy (RLAE) Working Group Meeting was held regarding approaches to therapy of pediatric focal epilepsy. Considering the experience of the world medical community and Russian epileptologists, the participants discussed issues related to administering diverse anti-epilepsy agents in this patient cohort. It was noted that an ideal therapy might provide rapid and long-lasting seizure control, few side effects, low potential of drug interaction, good compliance and adherence to therapy, and no effects on course of comorbidities. The article presents the Resolution of the RLAE Working Group Meeting that was approved after discussion.
Psychological Barriers of Students in the Study of Legal English
Authors: Guzeeva S. V. , Matiyashina K. Ya.
Published: January 2022

The article examines the main factors of the emergence of psychological barriers among law students in the study of English. Based on the works of Russian and foreign psychological and pedagogical researchers, the essence of the concept of “psychological barrier” is determined, and the difficulties arising in the process of professionally oriented teaching of English in higher education are described. The survey conducted among students of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL) identified the main reasons for the emergence of psychological barriers in the study of Legal English and their subcategories. Particular attention is paid to strategies for effective work of teachers to overcome the barriers and create an optimal educational space for the successful mastering of Legal English, namely, the timely identification of factors affecting the emergence of psychological barriers; modeling of communicative situations that motivate each student to express their opinion in a foreign language.
Coordinative Idioms in English Legal Terminology
Authors: Degtyaryova E. A. , Ilina N. Yu.
Published: January 2022

The article deals with coordinative idioms in English legal terminology.The authors analyze the terms that reflect the legal systems of some Englishspeaking countries. They point out that idioms represent national and cultural identities of countries. The paper contains a classification of idioms in question according to their grammar characteristics. Most coordinative idioms are verbal idioms, substantive idioms, adjectival idioms, rarely — adverbial idioms.The article contains examples of coordinative idioms that represent different branches of law: constitutional law, criminal law, contract law, family law, etc. It studies such significant characteristics of idioms as sustainability and repeatability. Special attention is paid to doublets. The authors examine the issue of pleonasm and offer means of translating pleonastic phrases which are often used in legal documents in English-speaking countries. The paper reviews classifications of coordinative idioms suggested by different linguistic schools. In the authors’ opinion coordinative idioms should be included under the heading of “cliché”.
Training Capacity of the Kahoot! Testing Technology in Teaching Legal English
Authors: Milovidova A. I.
Published: January 2022

The article focuses on the issue of using the modern testing system Kahoot! to achieve the goals of scaffolding in the developing digital environment and online education. It summarizes the results observed during the system-based practice, especially in the unprecedented situation of an abrupt and extensive shift from face-to-face training to a remote type of knowledge formation and assessment at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. The article considers three types of tasks in an interactive testing system: from assessment ones to educational ones with extended functionality. Special emphasis has been placed on the active role of a student in personalizing his goal setting. The methodological approach proposed aims at consolidating the training capacity of the testing system: it contributes to the development of logical, critical, and creative thinking, stimulates high-order thinking, combines teamwork and competition. It maintains students’ motivation, their self-awareness as team contributors, and intensifies autonomous learning.
The Evolution of the Legal Services Market in Russia and Common law Countries
Authors: Nizovets T. I.
Published: January 2022

We are witnessing tremendous changes in the legal services market. Today, entirely new ways of delivering legal services and completely new legal professions are emerging. New technologies empower law companies to develop new business models and new ways of dealing with clients.Artificial intelligence makes it possible to address previously unmet customer needs, wants and demands.The article aims to provide an account of the new developments in the legal industry brought about by profound social and economic changes. The study presents disruptive technologies that substantially enhance the way law companies work. Stages in the evolution of the legal services market in common law countries are described: trends towards standardization, “packetization” and commoditization of legal services are identified. Similar trends are revealed in the development of the Russian legal services market.Issues of incorporating this knowledge in the English language classroom are discussed. The need to develop a new set of lawyering skills is highlighted
Validación cruzada sobre una misma muestra: una práctica sin fundamento
Authors: Fernández-Hernández José-Luis , Herranz-Hernández Pablo , Segovia-Torres Laura
Published: January 2022

Al mismo tiempo que se rechaza mayoritariamente la realización de un análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio sobre el mismo conjunto de datos, se recomienda su partición para obtener una validación cruzada. Esto resulta poco comprensible ya que la misma crítica que cabe hacer a la aplicación del primer método es válida en el segundo caso y las únicas diferencias que cabría detectar son las que surgen del proceso de aleatorización en la división de la muestra. Una validación cruzada requiere muestras independientes, no una misma muestra dividida en dos partes.
Conceptual Approaches to the Legal Regulation of Genomic Researches and Their Use in the Russian Federation
Authors: Nikitina Elena E. , Pomazansky Andrey E.
Published: January 2022

This article concentrates on the problem of legislative regulation of public relations on genomic researches and the use of genomic technologies in the Russian Federation. Genomic technologies generate many ethical, social, and cultural issues for modern Russian society and bear significant risks for human rights and freedoms. Further, it presents threats to the preservation of human nature not only for existing, but also for future, generations of Russian citizens. For the protection of these values, it is necessary to create a regulatory system for genomic researches and genomic technologies in the Russian Federation.

The regulatory system in this sphere should be constructed on three levels: the international, national, and self-regulatory levels. The authors concludes that there are no fundamental contradictions between international legal acts and the Russian legislation on human rights protection in the context of genomic research. These circumstances make it possible to join the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being relating to the Application of Biology and Medicine of 1997.

The article analyzes the current system of legislative regulation on of relevant issues in federal legislation and considers its further development. According to the authors, primary main models of the development of legislation in this area in Russia should be considered: the traditional model, developed based on a quantitative increase in norms in various branches of law; and the complex model, based on a single comprehensive legal act, which sets out the tasks, principles, and general approaches to the regulation of single institutions relating to genomic researches and their use. The article describes the positive and negative consequences of adopting each particular model for the development of genomics in the Russian Federation
Conocimientos, actitudes, prácticas y percepción sobre zika en mujeres en edad fértil de Amazonas, Perú
Authors: Mateo Susan Y. , Guzmán-Cuzcano Jessica C. , Peña-Sánchez E. Ricardo , Yon Carmen , Valderrama Betsabet , Carrasco Julia , La Torre Lenin , Chapilliquen Fernando , Aguilar Marlith , Quezada Eduardo , Bustamante T. Pershing
Published: January 2022

Objetivos. Describir los conocimientos, actitudes, prácticas y percepciones del zika en mujeres en edad fértil (MEF) en el departamento de Amazonas, posterior a un brote de zika. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo de enfoque mixto cuanticualitativo. Se realizó un muestreo estratificado, aplicándose una encuesta a una muestra de 723 MEF de 15 a 49 años del distrito de Bagua, departamento de Amazonas y cuatro grupos focales con 35 MEF. Se aplicó una encuesta y guía de grupo focal. Se usaron frecuencias y teoría fundamentada para el análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo respectivamente. Se integró ambos enfoques en la interpretación mediante abordaje narrativo. Resultados. El 86,3% de MEF conocen que es posible enfermar con zika, 10,1% que se transmite por relaciones sexuales, 2,2% durante el embarazo y 68,5% consideran que es insuficiente la información. En la práctica; 60%(n=434) usa mosquiteros, 53,4%(n=386) tapa recipientes de agua y el 7,3%(n=4) perciben participación del gobierno local. Los datos cualitativos muestran desconfianza al control vectorial y expresan necesidad de apoyo psicológico a las gestantes y familia. Conclusiones. Existen brechas en el conocimiento y prácticas para la prevención del zika por trasmisión sexual y vertical, tienen desconfianza del control vectorial, no perciben participación del gobierno local, sugieren acompañamiento psicológico a la gestante con zika, a la madre con niño discapacitado y desean acceder a más información sobre zika.
Hipoacusia súbita luego de vacunación contra la COVID-19
Authors: Alcas Olenka , Mamani Diana
Published: January 2022

-
Experiencias de telesalud en un hospital especializado en salud mental durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Perú
Authors: Alva-Arroyo Liliana L. , Núñez del Prado Murillo Jean , Ancaya Martínez María del Carmen Emilia , Floréz-Ibarra Jannett Maribel
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer las experiencias de telesalud en un hospital especializado en salud mental en Lima, Perú durante la pandemia de COVID-19. En concordancia con las disposiciones, como el cierre temporal de la atención presencial y el confinamiento obligatorio entre los meses de marzo a diciembre del 2020, se brindó progresivamente atención a través de llamadas telefónicas, videollamadas o plataformas digitales; se realizaron 57398 atenciones de teleconsultas y telemonitoreos; 4411 orientaciones en salud mental; 295 teleinterconsultas en psiquiatría; 42 actividades de telecapacitación y 29 sesiones educativas en salud mental dirigidas a la población general. Concluimos que la implementación de la telesalud para la atención de los usuarios del Hospital Hermilio Valdizán contribuyó al cuidado de la salud mental y permite reducir las brechas de acceso a la atención especializada en psiquiatría por las consecuencias de la COVID-19.
Manifestaciones oculares de la toxocariasis en escolares del estado Anzoátegui en Venezuela
Authors: Morocoima Antonio , Herrera Leidi , Ruiz Edicson , Córdova Manuel , Ferrer Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar manifestaciones oculares de la toxocariasis en escolares. Se realizó un estudio en dos escuelas del estado Anzoátegui en Venezuela en el 2019. Se empleó la prueba de ELISA para determinar los anticuerpos IgG contra Toxocara spp. Las familias completaron un cuestionario y los niños fueron evaluados clínicamente por pediatras y oftalmólogos. Participaron 118 niños, el 18,6% presentó anticuerpos anti-Toxocara spp. Las manifestaciones clínicas con asociación estadísticamente significativa fueron las reacciones alérgicas, epífora y disminución de la agudeza visual. En la evaluación oftalmológica se encontró queratitis, uveítis, iritis, granuloma retiniano, endoftalmitis, amaurosis, leucocoria, desprendimiento de retina y endotropía. Los hallazgos muestran una alta frecuencia de enfermedad ocular en niños con toxocariasis de un estado de Venezuela.
Novaciones y transacciones sobre tipos de interés usurario. Otra vez contra una tendencia equivocada
Authors:   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Carraasco Perera Ángel Francisco
Published: January 2022

La jurisprudencia Wizink de Juzgados y Audiencias viene sosteniendo – no siempre, es cierto- la siguiente doctrina. Una vez que el contrato es nulo por usura, la nulidad se extiende a todo el contrato, incluso a los nuevos tipos de interés no usurarios que se hayan pactado después de una novación/transacción entre las partes, de modo que la entidad acreditante tendrá que restituir todos los intereses recibidos, incluso aquellos posteriores a la novación que intrínsecamente no eran usurarios, cuando el acreditado demande la nulidad del art. 3 de la Ley de Usura. Este trabajo contiene una crítica de este doctrina.
¿Qué pasó con las cláusulas suelo? Análisis de las recientes sentencias del Tribunal Supremo
Authors:   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Pascual Martínez Espín
Published: January 2022

Los litigios en materia de cláusula suelo parecen trasnochados. Sin embargo, todavía existen sentencias recientes del TS que se pronuncian sobre la cuestión, y no siempre, como pudiéramos pensar, son favorables a los consumidores. El presente artículo tiene por objeto analizar algunas de las últimas decisiones jurisprudenciales, a modo de sondeo, para determinar el estado actual de la cuestión. Se pretende analizar el fundamento de un conjunto de resoluciones dictadas recientemente por el Alto Tribunal: unas estimatorias de la nulidad de la cláusula suelo por falta de transparencia; y otras que declaran su validez por entender que superan el control de transparencia. Detalles del artículo
Substantiation of a New Calculation and Selection Algorithm of Optimal Heat Exchangers with Nanofluid Heat Carriers Taking into Account Surface Forces
Authors: Bіlonoga Yuriy , Stybel Volodymyr , Maksysko Oksana , Drachuk Uliana
Published: January 2022

The article examines the problem of correct, accurate calculation and optimization of the choice of heat exchange equipment when using nanofluid heat carriers for heat treatment of liquid food products using milk as an example. To solve this problem, the motion of a metal nanoparticle in a turbulent flow of the main coolant was simulated using the methods of similarity theory, taking into account the action of surface forces in the laminar boundary layer. New formulas are obtained for a qualitative assessment of the average thickness of the laminar boundary layer that appears around a turbulently moving metal nanoparticle. A number of qualitative correlations with other literature sources that explain the behavior of nanoparticles in a turbulent liquid medium are shown. A new approach to heat transfer processes is considered taking into account the theory of J. Boussinesq, which gives an idea of turbulent viscosity and thermal conductivity, as well as a comparison of the resistance forces to the surface forces. The physical meaning of the previously obtained by us new similarity numbers Bl and Blturb. and their application in our new numerical equation for calculating heat exchangers is considered, and a new express method for evaluating the efficiency of using nanofluid heat carriers is proposed. The proposed method of express calculation shows that the mixture H2O + EG (60:40) improves the heat exchange properties of water by + 12.86%, and the mixture (H2O + EG (60:40) + 1.5% TiO2) and (milk + 0.5% pumpkin seed oil) - by + 16.75%, which corresponds to the experiments and our calculations, and the well-known express method based on classical numerical equations shows a deterioration by - 4.5% and, accordingly, by – 1.2%.
Experimental Analysis of Performance Improvement of a Modified Vapour Absorption System (VAS-GAX) for Cooling Applications
Authors: Sivalingam Suyambazhahan , Gopal Sakthivel Thirumalai , Pandey Vivek , Parthiban Mohanram
Published: January 2022

Experiments on an enhanced “Generator-Absorber-Heat Exchanger” (GAX) Vapour Absorption System (VAS) for cooling purposes were carried out using water-ammonia in present study. The new experimental setup was fabricated using modern and complex technologies for the GAX absorption system which includes tiny heat exchangers, allowing the system to be both compact and efficient. The coefficient of performance (COP) of a system was analyzed for different temperatures of Generator, Condenser, Evaporator and Absorber. The results show that the maximum performance (COP=0.63) is achieved at 25℃ Generator temperature. The system has a low carbon footprint because it does not use effluent water or tower electricity and invention enables the recovery of hot air, which may then be used for several drying applications, including agricultural drying, resulting in a fully cascaded system with a three-fold increase in Coefficient of Performance (COP). A modified VAS-GAX absorption system in present analysis be a good fit for high-performance modern cooling applications.
Development of Nanolubricant Using Aloe Vera Plant to Enhance the Thermal Performance of a Domestic Refrigeration System
Authors: Afolalu Sunday A. , Ikumapayi Omolayo M. , Ogundipe Adebayo T. , Yusuf Olabisi O. , Oloyede Olamilekan R.
Published: January 2022

Power consumption is a significant issue in developing countries, and the refrigerator is one of the largest consumers of electricity. Nanoparticles functioning as additives to refrigerants or lubricating oils help reduce compressor work and reduce the power consumption of refrigerators. In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles were developed using Aloe Vera leaves and dispersed in mineral oil to reduce the compressor work and increase the performance of a domestic vapour compression refrigeration system. After the successful synthesis of the nanoparticles, spectroscopical investigations using EDS revealed the nanoparticles to have 73.31% zinc, 20.19% oxygen and 6.40% carbon indicating a significant phase of zinc oxide. Microstructural studies on the nanoparticles revealed an average nanoparticle size of 4.68 nm within the nanometric range. The nanoparticles were dispersed in mineral oil in concentrations of 0.5 g/250 ml, 0.75 g/250 ml, 1 g/250 ml, 1.25 g/250 ml and 1.5 g/250 ml of the oil and fed into the compressor to check the effect of each concentration on the performance of the refrigerator. The control sample contained pure mineral oil. The system was monitored for 225 minutes per sample, and coefficient of performance was determined. The results indicate an increase in COP by 14-15% from 0.4 wt% and 0.6 wt% respectively.
Experimental Study of the Thermal Behavior of Perforated Bricks Wall Integrated with PCM
Authors: Abdulhussein Maryam Alaa , Hashem Alaa Liaq
Published: January 2022

The increasing need to provide standard comfort requirements inside buildings has made the construction sector one of the dominant energy consumers and a contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Improving the thermal insulation efficiency of the building envelope by improving the thermal behaviour of the walls leads to giving an impetus towards reducing energy consumption. In this paper, an experimental embedding of Phase Change Materials (PCM) with perforated bricks wall. For PCM (Paraffin wax) packaging purposes, two configurations are used; capsules were manufactured to fit the size of the holes inside the bricks and a square thin container. Both packages are made from iron and filled with Paraffin (147 kJ/kg latent heat, 38℃ solid phase and 43℃ liquid phase) and closed in a way that prevents leakage. The experiments included constructing a cube-shaped zone from the sandwich panels material with a square hole (0.5m×0.5m) was made in one of its walls to place the test samples in it. The indoor test proceeded with 900W/m2 light intensity applied directly on the sample external surface. Four different samples named C1, C2, C3, and C4 have been used in this study. When compared to a traditional wall C1, the results showed that the heat flow was reduced by 35.7%, 17.4%, and 13.9% for C2, C3, and C4 respectively. All the models that included PCM got a reduction in temperature increases and a slowdown of thermal diffusion. Placing the PCM layer inside the brick holes achieved a maximum reduction in the heat flux compared to the reference model.
A Steady-State Modeling Method for Direct Expansion Air Conditioning Systems
Authors: Gao Xiling , Xia Rujie , Zhang Xiaodong , Shang Libin , Xiangli Meiqin
Published: January 2022

To figure out the operating features of Direct-Expansion Air-Conditioning (DX-AC) system, this paper employed the BP training algorithm and built a two-in/two-out steady-state model based on artificial neural network (ANN) and connect the DX-AC system’s Totally output Cooling Capacity (TCC) and Sensible Heat Ratio (SHR) under different combinations of rotational velocities of compressor and blower; then, the paper verified the proposed model by comparing the prediction results of the proposed model with experimental data, and the numerical analysis of the steady-state model and bilinear interpolation indicated that the ANN-based model proposed in the paper showed a high prediction accuracy and can well exhibit its operating performance.
Overview on Recent PVT Systems with Jet Impingement
Authors: Ewe Win Eng , Fudholi Ahmad , Sopian Kamaruzzaman , Asim Nilofar , Ahmudiarto Yoyon , Salim Agus
Published: January 2022

Jet impingement cooling has been utilized to improve the performance of solar energy technologies such as solar collectors, PV systems, PVT systems, and CPV systems. This article provides an overview of current PVT systems using jet impingement. The distinctions between each study, such as research results and PVT system design, are examined and contrasted. The summary demonstrates that solar collectors are the most widely utilized solar energy technology owing to their direct manufacture. There are 20 solar collector studies, 5 for photovoltaic, 9 for photovoltaic thermal, and 8 for concentrator photovoltaic. Geometric characteristics such as jet diameter, spacing, and nozzle height are critical for maximum performance. Furthermore, numerous kinds of coolant jets, such as air, water, and nanofluid, may be seen from the overview. Hybrid systems, such as PVT or CPVT systems, perform better since they create thermal and electrical energy. As a result, more research into developing the hybrid system is advised.
Optimization of Combustion Characteristics of Diesel Engine Fueled by Biofuels and Its Diesel Blends with Additive Titanium Dioxide Nano-Particles
Authors: S Jacob , L Karikalan
Published: January 2022

The fuel crisis throughout the world made many countries to be aware of their vulnerability to oil shortages. So many researches are still in progress and focus on the growth of bio fuel usage. In this regard, alternative fuels and the drivetrain play a major rule in critical emission issues. However, at the same time, enormous and vast number of vehicles have started to claim and place their heavy demand for alternative sources of fuel. Of course, gasoline and diesel, the conventional fuels will become scarce and much costlier. With a present known reserves and steep rise of demand and rate of consumption, hope of crude oil import is not going to last long. The CFD investigation is to find the combustion characteristics of the BioFuel with the various compositions of mixing with diesel, the Kirloskar IC Engine is taken for this research and the results of pressure, velocity, turbulence kinetic energy, temperature gradients, fuel combustions, oxidizers volume fractions also obtained from the CFD analysis results. CFD Analysis of Biodiesel combustion done in ANSYS Fluent. Software modeling of IC Engine done in CATIA V5 Software. Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME) and Mahua Methyl Ester (MME) are used for this research. Combustion characteristics in addition to emission parameters are assessed then a conclusion can be drawn.
On a Low-Carbon Thermal Energy Power Planning Model Based on Green Certificate Allocation Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Yi , Yang Jiafeng , Hu Wei , Pei Ying , Xia Xue , Wu Qingjing
Published: January 2022

In view of the problems such as high carbon emissions and low return on investment in conventional power planning, this paper proposed a low-carbon thermal energy power planning model based on a green certificate allocation mechanism. First, considering the uneven distribution of power generation resources in the power sector and the significant differences in power generation technologies in various regions of China, a green certificate allocation mechanism was established based on regional comparison to ensure a fair allocation of carbon quotas; then, based on the idea of full life cycle, an in-depth and comprehensive analysis was conducted on the low-carbon thermal energy power technologies, and a new low-carbon thermal energy power planning mode was established; on this basis, with investment costs, operation and maintenance costs, power generation costs and low-carbon benefits as the objective functions, a low-carbon power planning model with the maximum net benefit was established; after that, the proposed low-carbon thermal energy power planning model was optimized and solved with the discrete bacterial colony chemotaxis algorithm, and the results were compared with the optimized results of conventional power planning, and the roles of various low-carbon power elements in different low-carbon scenarios were analyzed. The results of the example analysis show that the proposed model can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of the power sector and increase the power generation benefits of the units, so it will provide a useful reference for the low-carbon power planning work in the future.
Use of Ashes from Thermal Power Plants for Effluents Treatment
Authors: Fomenko A.I. , Sokolov L.I.
Published: January 2022

The results of the aqueous liquids purification by sorption from various impurities by using ashes as sorbent resulting from the solid-fuel combustion (wood processing waste, coal) are presented. Sorption kinetic dependences have been studied, sorption characteristics of concerned ash samples relative to iron and phosphate counter-ions in aqueous liquids have been determined. Purification and sorption capacity values of concerned ash samples relative to ions extracted from aqueous liquids have been calculated. High efficiency of iron ion extraction from aqueous liquids by bypassing-products wihout any additional reagent has been discovered. Wood ash is a promising sorbent for phosphate ions.
Using the Remote Sensing in Studying Ecosystems of Deposits of Nonferrous Metal Ores, Both Opencast and Abandoned, in the Northern Regions of Russia
Authors: Zenkov I.V. , Le Hung Trinh , Vovkin V.N. , Kirushina E.V. , Latyntsev A.A. , Kondrashov P.M. , Pavlova P.L. , Konov V.N. , Lunev A.S. , Skornyakova S.N. , Maglinets Yu.A. , Raevich K.V.
Published: January 2022

The paper presents study results of the disturbed lands ecological state due to the opencast mining of deposits of non-ferrous metal ores in the Murmansk, Arkhangelsk and Krasnoyarsk regions. According to the OMS data on quarries, rock-disposal dumps, processed ore storages' surface there have been detected some self-restoring vegetation ecosystems. The necessity in rehabilitation of rock-disposal dumps piled during mining operations in areas with a short vegetative cycle has been substantiated.
Application of Lignosulfonates to Reduce Waste of Spent Ion-exchange Catalysts in Petrochemical Production
Authors: Karimov O.Kh. , Karimov E.Kh. , Flid V.R. , Movsumzade E.M. , Teptereva G.A. , Chetvertneva I.A.
Published: January 2022

The paper considers ways to reduce industrial waste of spent cation exchange catalysts by pre-purification of hydrocarbon raw materials from catalytic poisons with lignosulfonates. The indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of lignosulfonates are highlighted, the normalized values for ensuring the quality of purification are indicated. To achieve the results of purification, optimal conditions for the preparation of primary lignosulfonate compounds are shown. Taking into account the duration of decomposition of waste cation exchange catalysts, the efficiency of large-scale implementation of the results obtained is evaluated, ways of significantly increasing the duration of operation of ion exchange catalysts are indicated. Catalytic poisons are captured by biodegradable lignosulfonate, which can be reused as components of drilling fluids or regenerated for re-filtration from catalytic poisons.
Complete Neck Torsion of the Gallbladder: A Case Report
Authors: Mohammadi Arbati Mohammad , YariQoli Fahimeh , Noorodin Daryabari Seyed , Molseghi Mohammad Hadi
Published: January 2022

Volvulus of the gallbladder is among infrequent diseases ranked among acute abdomen conditions. The disease presents with acute biliary ailments, often reminiscent of acute cholecystitis. It is more common in frail elderly women. Its preoperative diagnosis is complicated; therefore, this finding is intraoperatively encountered in most cases. In our case report, we present the case of a female patient where the volvulus of the gallbladder was found as a surprising discovery during surgery. Gallbladder volvulus is a rare disease that presents as acute abdomen. It is most often diagnosed intraoperatively. Cholecystectomy is the most appropriate therapeutic method for this condition.
Acessibilidade e qualidade de vida de pessoas em situação de rua e a atenção primária
Authors: Melo Lauro José Franco , Aragão Francisca Bruna Arruda , Da Silva Cunha José Henrique , Carneiro Tânia Gomes , Fiorati Regina Célia
Published: January 2022

Trata-se de um estudo transversal do tipo exploratório e descritivo, de abordagem quali-quantitativa, realizado em 2018, na cidade de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, com objetivo de conhecer condições de saúde e o acesso à atenção primária à saúde das pessoas em situação de rua. As técnicas de coleta de dados foram: análise documental, aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico, de qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-Bref) e entrevistas semiestruturadas audiogravadas. Os dados quantitativos receberam tratamento por estatística descritiva e os dados qualitativos foram interpretados seguindo a análise de conteúdo temática. Participaram 60 pessoas na fase quantitativa e 15 pessoas na fase qualitativa. Os resultados referentes aos dados sociodemográficos obtiveram o seguinte perfil: gênero masculino (85%); 50% pardos, 28,3% brancos e 20% negros; solteiros (48,3%), com primeiro grau incompleto (58,3%) e 10% analfabetos; na renda, 36,6% recebem até R$ 100,00 por mês e 60,0% até 1 salário mínimo. Entretanto, observa-se que 53,3% realizam trabalho informal e 30% se encontram desempregados. As médias foram regulares ou ruins em todos os domínios de qualidade de vida. No domínio “físico” a média foi 62,6%, no “psicológico” 64%, em “relações sociais” 35,6%, e no “ambiental”, 41,6%. Na autoavaliação sobre qualidade de vida, a média encontrada foi de 51,5%. Emergiram quatro categorias: "Política pública de saúde em Ribeirão Preto"; "Autoavaliação das condições de saúde-doença"; "Avaliação do acesso e assistência à saúde"; e "Barreiras ao acesso à Atenção Primária à Saúde. O acesso é restrito aos serviços de saúde e em geral não ocorre na atenção primária e sim nos serviços de urgência e emergência, tem como dificultadores: ausência de políticas públicas específicas, exigência de comprovante de residência e documentação, desumanização, e atitudes preconceituosas por parte de alguns profissionais de saúde.
Construção e validação de instrumento para cadastro de crianças e adolescentes com doença crônica
Authors: Araújo Yana Balduino , Santos Sergio Ribeiro dos , Nascimento João Agnaldo
Published: January 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a construção e validação de um instrumento de cadastro de crianças e adolescentes com doença crônica. Esta é uma pesquisa metodológica, com aplicação da técnica Delphi, em duas etapas com cinco juízes e um teste piloto com a participação dos cuidadores das crianças e adolescentes, realizado entre 2014 a 2016. Para a construção do instrumento foi realizada revisão e pesquisa em outros instrumentos utilizados por sistemas de informação em saúde. Para análise das pertinências das variáveis, utilizou-se o percentual de concordância entre os juízes de com ponto de corte de 80%, a versão final foi aprovada por 100% dos juízes com alpha de Cronbach 0,89. No processo de validação, os juízes emitiram parecer sobre os atributos do instrumento, estes foram organizados e agrupados pela análise de conteúdo em: Destacando os aspectos positivos do instrumento e Limitações apresentadas pelo instrumento. Foram consideradas duas versões revistas pelos juízes, de modo que o instrumento validado alcançou 131 questões, mostrando-se adequado para os serviços de saúde que atendem o público com vistas a identificação e o levantamento e acompanhamento das condições sociais, econômicas, bem como do processo saúde e doença, rede de serviços acessada pela família e dinâmica familiar da criança e adolescente com doença crônica.
Itinerários terapêuticos de familiares na atenção psicossocial infantojuvenil
Authors: Paz Luana Maria da , Lima Maria da Glória , Gussi Maria Aparecida , Cardoso Ângela Maria Rosas
Published: January 2022

Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado em dezembro de 2017, na Região Norte do Distrito Federal, com o objetivo de conhecer o itinerário terapêutico de famílias e usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil. Utilizou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas e audiogravadas e os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temático. Participaram 12 familiares-cuidadores, na sua maioria mulheres. Foram evidenciadas duas categorias temáticas e suas subcategorias: O sistema informal de cuidado: família, recursos alternativos e rede comunitária (O contexto de cuidado familiar; Busca de apoio em recursos alternativos do sistema folk e rede comunitária), e O sistema formal de cuidado: ações intersetoriais (A escola como rede de apoio para a promoção e o desenvolvimento da criança e do adolescente e o cuidado ampliado em saúde; e Rede de Atenção Psicossocial e a rede intersetorial). Verificou-se no sistema informal um contexto de vulnerabilidade social e resiliência dos familiares, tendência inicial de busca de apoio espiritual e desafios na utilização dos recursos comunitários para inclusão social. No sistema formal, árdua peregrinação nos serviços, fragmentação e desarticulação intersetorial e relevância do atendimento no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Aponta-se a necessidade do fortalecimento e articulação dos sistemas informal e formal, bem como ações de capacitação profissional e expansão da rede de serviços, para ampliar o acesso e a qualificação da atenção psicossocial infantojuvenil.
Busca, desafios, horizontes: vislumbres para 2022
Authors: Santos Álvaro da Silva
Published: January 2022

.
Intrahousehold allocation, household headship and nutrition of under-fives: a study of western Kenya
Authors:   University of Nairobi, Kenya, Mikalitsa SM
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to establish whether there is a significant difference in nutritional status of children in male-headed households, de jure female-headed households and de facto female-headed households. The study uses a sample of 199 children aged 6 to 60 months, of mothers in reproductive age, derived from 499 smallholder households in rural Kenya. The sample was selected using multi-stage stratified sampling technique. Three indices namely; height/length-for-age z-scores (stunting), weight-for-age zscores (underweight) and weight-for-height (wasting) z-scores were examined on children in two regions (Vihiga and Busia) in western Kenya. However, for the purpose of testing hypothesis, stunting is used due to its strength in measuring long term effect of food scarcity as compared to wasting and underweight which may vary depending on the period the data is collected (seasonal variation). Two-way (between groups) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is used to analyse the height/length–for-age z-scores against household headship. Household headship is stratified according to whether the husband is present and active in decision making (male- headed household), the husband lives away from the household but maintains regular contact with the family including sending remittances (de facto female-headed household), or the woman is recognized as head of household because she is a widow, divorced or separated (de jure female-headed household). Western Kenya is characterized by relatively high levels of undernutrition despite being classified as a region of high agricultural potential. In addition, there is increasing trend of female-headed households in the region hence the need to demonstrate the effect of household headship on nutritional status of the children. The results indicate that household headship has a large and significant effect on stunting of under five children [F (1, 93) = 4.675, p=.0.012]. More boys (37 %) than girls (33%) were stunted and Busia had more children who were stunted (37%) than Vihiga (25%). The study reaffirms the need to enhance women’s control over household resource allocation as one way of enhancing child nutrition in western Kenya.
A review of effects of nutrient elements on crop quality.
Authors:   Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR),Malawi, Njira KOW , Nabwami J ,   Sokoine University of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science, Tanzania
Published: January 2022

The problem of low soil fertility and poor plant nutrition does not only affect crop yields but also crop quality. A review of many refereed published journal articles and books sourced from internet and libraries was conducted with the aim of highlighting the effects of plant nutrition on crop quality. Emphasis was put on elucidating the functions through which various nutrient elements influence biochemical processes and eventually affect the overall quality of various crops and their products. Nutrients reviewed in this paper included elements such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulphur (S), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and cobalt (Co). The crop quality characteristics mostly reported t o be affected by plant nutrition include: proteins, carbohydrate, sucrose and fructose content in grains, root crops, tuber crops and fruits; vitamins like beta-carotene content in fruits and tubers; moisture content at storage in cereal grains, potato tuber density; and frying colours, and fruit weight. It has been noted that essential and beneficial nutrient elements contribute to crop quality through functioning as raw materials for the synthesis of various plant components that have food value to humans and animals. Nitrogen and S are raw materials for protein synthesis. Others like Ca, P, Zn and Fe are involved in enzyme synthesis, activation or as electron carriers while Mg, and K are mostly involved in enzyme activation and transportation of materials such as fructose and sucrose from points of synthesis to sites of loading and hence affect quality of fruits, and root and tuber crops greatly. It has been noted that crop quality is also greatly influenced by the synergistic and antagonistic interactions in various nutrients uptake and utilization. Therefore, balanced nutrition is noted to be o f paramount importance. From this review it can be concluded that crop quality is a very important area to consider advancing and putting up resources for research since it has a huge bearing on human health and socioeconomic effect on farmers through its in fluence on marketability of crops and crop products.
Bovine in-vitro embryo production and its contribution towards improved food security in Kenya
Authors:   University of Nairobi, Kenya, Mutembei HM , Tsuma VT , Muasa BT , Muraya J , Erastus RM
Published: January 2022

The Boran breed is mainly kept by pastoralist communities as a source of both milk and beef, and by commercial beef ranches mainly for beef production. Although this breed Boran may seemingly be low valued, it can be raised to higher reproductive potential using current reproductive technologies such as in-vitro embryo production and embryo transfer. In this author’s literature search there was lack of locally optimized procedures for boosting the reproductive potential of the Boran cow using such technologies. This paper discusses simplified methods used for in-vitro embryo production and embryo transfer that have been tested and optimized for the Kenyan Boran cows as described in text. This article provides the reader with technical procedures, the outcomes and the challenges experienced during use of the technologies. The results of the reported in vitro embryo production obtained an oocyte maturation rate of over 90%, over 70% cleavage rate and an embryo output of 30-50% blastocyst rate. Embryo transfer had a conception rate of 45-50%. All the 17 calves born out of this work have since attained puberty without any abnormalities. This research was the first to produce a “test tube” calf in Kenya and built the capacity of 57 staff on these technical procedures within East Africa. Utilization of the in vitro embryo production technology in Kenya can be used to do value addition to indigenous cows and improve household incomes and food security. This avenue can be used to raise household revenues and attract many more farmers to engage in farming leading to improved national economic and food security. Kenya can utilize reproductive technologies in the dairy sector due to the massive potential benefits to revolutionize the sector for enhanced food security by increasing cattle productivity. The paper highlights practical ways of applying the technologies discussed therein to help raise the economy of the Kenyan livestock farmers and boost their food security.