bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Chronic Tonsillitis in Children: an Evidence Based Case Report
Authors: Pramesti Ardian Sandhi , Gabriella Nurahmani Putri  , Steffi Sonia
Published: May 2021

Background: vitamin D has an important influence on the host’s immune system by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity and regulating the inflammatory cascade. Vitamin D deficiency may be related with reduced immunomodulation, specifically in preventing the occurrence of chronic tonsillitis.

Objective: to identify the association between vitamin D deficiency with chronic tonsillitis in pediatric patients.

Methods: the search was conducted with advanced searching on PubMed® and Cochrane® according to the clinical question. The screening of title and abstract using inclusion and exclusion criteria, double filter, and reading full text led to six useful articles. The selected studies were critically appraised for validity, importance, and applicability.

Results: three original articles were eligible for this evidence-based case report. All studies were considered to have good validity. All three studies reported an increased risk of chronic tonsillitis with the vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency.

Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with the increased risk of chronic or recurrent tonsillitis in children.
Dislexia, rendimiento lector y su relación con la inequidad y el desempeño escolar
Authors: Cubilla-Bonnetier Daniel , Solís Abdel , Caballero Jessibeth , Farnum Francisco
Published: May 2021

Se ha descrito la relación existente entre rendimiento lector y desempeño académico, así como el impacto que sobre ambos tiene la vulnerabilidad socioeconómica del niño/a. No existe, en cambio, abundancia de literatura sobre el impacto del nivel socioeconómico en la presencia de dislexia del desarrollo. Sobre una muestra de 216 escolares de Educación Primaria de escuelas públicas y particulares de la Ciudad de Panamá con la presencia de 12 participantes con dislexia, se estudiaron las variables de rendimiento lector, categoría socioeconómica y rendimiento académico. Aunque no se encontró en el presente estudio una relación directa entre el nivel socioeconómico de los participantes y la prevalencia de dislexia, pareciera que el grupo situado en la parte más baja de la escala ve triplicadas sus probabilidades de presentar el trastorno, en comparación con el resto de la muestra. Los resultados indican una relación más lineal entre el nivel socioeconómico y el rendimiento lector, así como el impacto negativo que la dislexia y la baja competencia lectora tienen sobre el rendimiento académico. Se propone la hipótesis de que los resultados podrían concordar con la presencia en el trastorno disléxico de un componente neurobiológico y genético, pero cuyo impacto podría ser modulado en intensidad por el componente ambiental y se reflexiona sobre la porción de bajo rendimiento escolar que podría evitarse con políticas activas de abordaje de la dislexia
Children Are Human
Authors: Pearson Kim
Published: May 2021

There are great benefits to be had should the United States, one of the global leaders in economic strength and political power, ratify the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (“CRC”). The mystery of the United States’s ultimate reluctance to ratify the CRC, despite the nation’s central role in the drafting process, has been interrogated for years. Scholars and policy- makers have developed compelling narratives regarding obstacles to the United States’s ratification and implementation of the CRC. However well- reasoned the arguments for ratification are, there has been little progress in persuading the United States to ratify the CRC.

While the work toward ratification should continue on every level, informal implementation before ratification would be advantageous and in line with historical methods of reform in the United States. One area that has been over- looked to the advantage of minority and vulnerable populations is domestic relations courts in the United States. In the United States, children’s rights advocacy work should be conducted like cause advocacy for historically disfavored groups to achieve legal recognition and protection of their rights. For example, parenting equality efforts were primarily focused on creating change in individual courts over time, allowing advocates to teach judicial officers and other legal decision-makers about positive outcomes for children of lesbian and gay parents while dispelling myths, misperceptions, and negative stereotypes about sexual minorities. Similarly, other disfavored parents, like working mothers, religious, and racial minorities, have used individual court cases to advocate and educate until new, progressive norms are adopted as national standards. Advocates for children’s rights should adopt institutional change theory and tailor cause advocacy efforts to implement the CRC principles in local domestic relations courts. Focusing on change from within institutions may shift legal norms more quickly, so children are recognized as fully human and thus rights holders in the United States, rather than relying on external legislative changes.
Bioremediation
Authors: Naismith Lora Katharine
Published: May 2021

Environmental bioremediation is the use of biological activity to reduce the concentration or toxicity of a pollutant. A rapidly increasing population leads to a consequential increase in industrial waste and pollution, and innovators are researching numerous techniques to degrade these pollutants and prevent their spread into the environment. These techniques are expensive and often result in secondary pollutants, which limits their widespread application. Bioremediation, however, presents a cost-friendly and more efficient way to degrade pollutants with little or no secondary pollutants. This Article explores how scientists can use genetically modified microorganisms (“GMMs”) to target specific hazardous wastes that are otherwise not degradable. Current U.S. laws and regulations only regulate GMMs on a case-by-case basis. With the rapidly advancing biotechnology sector, GMMs can provide cleaner, safer, and faster methods for cleaning up pollutants. However, as with all new sciences, GMMs pose unique risks when released directly into the environment. Regulations on the field release of GMMs are highly restrictive and hinder scientific research. This Article describes bioremediation and its potential risks; sets forth the current legal framework; and analyzes how policymakers can ensure the safe experimentation and eventual widespread use of GMMs in the environment.
Del “calentamiento global” al “cambio climático”: Encubrimientos y desencubrimientos ético-políticos
Authors: Palacio Marta Inés , Buteler María José
Published: May 2021

Este trabajo se posiciona en el paradigma interdisciplinario de las humanidades ambientales desde el que problematiza críticamente el concepto de “cambio climático” con que el discurso social designa a los fenómenos ambientales extremos experimentados en las últimas décadas por el “calentamiento global” de la Tierra. A partir del método crítico-hermenéutico se pone al descubierto los núcleos conceptuales de la construcción argumentativa de los ideologemas enmascarados tras ciertas expresiones lingüísticas, con la intención de neutralizar, minimizar o eliminar la responsabilidad ética y política sobre los desequilibrios ambientales. El texto se posiciona en la crítica humanista ambientalista, que recupera el valor de las emociones y afectos en la génesis de nuestras ideas y conocimiento, así como ciertas tesis del neomaterialismo sobre la agencia de la materia y su capacidad de autorregulación. A partir de tomar como eje el concepto de “antropoceno”, el artículo cuestiona los binarismos humano/no-humano, materia/espíritu, naturaleza/cultura, y postula lo natural dentro de la historia humana o geohistoria.

      El texto profundiza la función crítica y creativa, asumida por la literatura de clima ficción, que a través de la narrativa presenta los riesgos ambientales causados por la acción humana con el fin de sacudir el aletargamiento de la conciencia frente a la crisis climática.  Los relatos climáticos ficcionales son cercanos al propio presente, provocando identificaciones afectivas con las situaciones narradas y reacciones emocionales. Promueven una conciencia crítica sobre los modos antrópicos destructivos sobre el ambiente, al mismo tiempo que impulsan la toma de decisiones éticas y políticas para cambiarlos.
Audial and Visual Conversation in Mary Oliver's Dog Songs: Language as a Trans-Species Faculty
Authors: Loreto Paola
Published: May 2021

The essay investigates Mary Oliver’s reflection upon, and questioning of, language as a marker of human/nonhuman divide as it unfolds in her second, 2013 “species collection” on dogs, Dog Songs (her first one being Owls and Other Fantasies, her 2006 similar collection, portraying her ways of communicating with birds). Through an exploration of both the visual and audial modes of Oliver’s conversations with the dogs she owned in her life, and treated as companions, this study demonstrates that the poet held an attitude toward the nonhuman which in contemporary theoretical terms would be defined as an “indistinction approach” to the animal question (Calarco 2015). In Dog Songs, Oliver portrays a proximity between humans and animals that ultimately preserves an unavoidable distance. Her writing exploits both her intuition of animals’ capacity for agency and creativity—which accompanies the de-emphasizing of human uniqueness—and her consciousness that we need tropes from human experience to convey our perception of nonhuman ways of life. Moreover, through her representation of the animal’s gaze, of a powerfully ironic reversal of the aims (and effects) of the pathetic fallacy, and of narrative empathy, she proves that an imaginative use of language makes poetry a distinct space for our efforts to envisage an ecosystem that animals may inhabit as our equals.
Book Review of Ecology and Literatures in English: Writing to Save the Planet
Authors: Meillon Bénédicte
Published: May 2021

Book review of Ecology and Literatures in English: Writing to Save the Planet.
Applying Ecomusicology to Foreign Language Education
Authors: Summer Theresa
Published: May 2021

This paper examines ecomusicology from the perspective of foreign language education. As a relatively new field of research, ecomusicology can generally be described as an interdisciplinary field of study focusing on topics related to the environment, music, and culture. Due to its interdisciplinary nature, it offers new research directions for foreign language education, mostly within the fields of eco-pedagogy and global education. To identify points of application, the variety of thematic foci examined by scholars investigating ecomusicology are identified and subsequently applied to foreign language education. The focus thereby is on four major ecomusicological publications. The outcome of the analysis of these publications is a conceptual model of ecomusicology applied to foreign language education on four domains: 1) musicians, 2) music artefacts, 3) music in action, and 4) the environment. Given the current lack of research into the potential of ecomusicology for foreign language education, this paper therefore aims to fill a research gap. Reasons for integrating theoretical considerations in ecomusicology are discussed from the perspective of foreign language teaching and learning and thus conceptualised for a practical application. An example that focuses on the analysis of eco-songs through a categorised list of questions based on the four ecomusicological domains illustrates how the conceptual model can be applied in practice and serve as a pool of ideas for teaching activities.
Teaching Rivers. Environmental Learning mit dem Gedicht Dart von Alice Oswald im Fremdsprachlichen Englischunterricht
Authors: Jung Stefanie
Published: May 2021

Seit einigen Jahren wandelt sich der Umgang mit den sog. Umweltthemen im fremdsprachlichen Englischunterricht, und zwar seitdem sie als gesamtgesellschaftlich relevant begriffen werden. Jedoch werden Umweltthemen häufig nur auf sprachlicher Ebene betrachtet, was häufig zu Frust bei Schüler*innen führt. Zudem sind sie meist verbunden mit moralischem Vorwurf und sozialer Erwünschtheit bzw. knüpfen sie kaum an die eigenen Erfahrungen an. Es zeigt sich jedoch, dass zunehmend das Potenzial für einen inter-/transkulturellen Fremdsprachenunterricht erkannt wird.

      Aber auch diese Entwicklungen zeigen, dass Umwelt nach wie vor als Objekt und Untersuchungsgegenstand betrachtet wird. Dabei wird ein traditioneller Zugang zu Natur und Umwelt sichtbar, der sich (mindestens) seit der Aufklärung zurückverfolgen lässt: Umwelt wird nicht als etwas begriffen, dessen Teil wir sind, sondern als Objekt, von dem wir getrennt sind und das man (objektiv) untersuchen, schützen (oder ausbeuten) kann. Als Ergänzung zu Nachhaltigkeitsthemen und (de)konstruktivistischen Untersuchungsformen von Natur im interkulturellen Kontext, sollten Schüler*innen die Möglichkeiten bekommen, einen Zugang zu dieser „Welt da draußen“ zu erfahren. In dem vorliegenden Artikel wird eine partizipatorische Ebene für das Arbeiten mit Umweltthemen im Englischunterricht entwickelt. Zentral dabei ist der Gedanke eines reading with the world. Ansätze aus dem Forschungsbereich Material Ecocriticism, aus der Phänomenologie und der Anthropologie geben Impulse für eine ecocritical practice, da sie, wenn auch aus völlig unterschiedlicher Perspektive, eine Subjekt-Objekt-Trennung aufbrechen.

      Zentraler Bestandteil einer partizipatorischen Ebene ist die Arbeit mit Poesie, die alternative Sprechweisen und Bildneuheiten eröffnen kann. Denn durch Poesie können Grenzen und Kategorien neu verhandelt werden. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Arbeit mit dem Langgedicht Dart von Alice Oswald. Hier fokussiert sich Oswald auf die wechselseitige Beziehung zwischen Mensch und Fluss. Das Gedicht ermöglicht einen alternativen Blick auf einen Fluss. Um diesen Zugang zu ermöglichen, wird eine rationale Textanalyse nicht ausreichen. Die partizipatorische Ebene strebt ein ganzheitliches Arbeiten auf kognitiver, emotionaler und sensomotorischer Ebene an
Earthwriting
Authors: Kelly James
Published: May 2021

A series of poems and images inspired by a week spent in the province of Teruel, in the Spanish autonomous community of Aragon, for the 53rd Practical Geology Course run by the Summer University of Teruel. The syllable structure of the English haikus seeks to mirror the rigid geometry of crystals embedded in their matrix. Preserving this structure in Spanish without significantly changing their meaning proved an insurmountable challenge and, as such, the translations are free.
“There is no such thing as ‘away’”: An Inquiry-Based Approach to Developing Learners’ Sustainability Literacy in the EFL Classroom
Authors: Ludwig Christian
Published: May 2021

The explosion of electric and electronic waste (e-waste) is one of the major environmental challenges of our time. Only a small amount of e-waste is properly disposed of or recycled, with most e-waste ending up in landfills or incinerators, or being exported to developing countries where it represents an even greater hazard to both the environment and human health and life. This article tackles this issue in the context of English as a foreign language teaching, arguing that exploring the global streams of e-waste and its environmental impacts at a time when there is an unprecedented demand for electric and electronic devices in all areas of life, including education, can help develop learners’ sustainability literacy. The first part of the paper looks at the concept of e-waste, its economic implications, and the social impacts arising from e-waste (disposal). The ensuing part then looks at e-waste in the context of global sustainability initiatives which, for example, aim at encouraging individuals to become more committed to sustainable lifestyles and thus help to mitigate climate change. The following sections are of a more practical nature, exploring the potential of the topic for the English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom, arguing that English language teaching no longer solely focuses on developing learners’ language skills but also a plethora of other competences that allow learners to participate in global (environmental) discourses. The practical classroom example takes an inquiry-based approach, which not only allows learners to pursue their own interests but also develops their critical thinking and problem-solving skills. In this example, Nigeria serves to illustrate the devastating effects of (illegal) e-waste (disposal) and the complex socio-economic aspects of e-waste (mis-)management.
Credits 12.1
Authors: Sanz Alonso Irene
Published: May 2021

Credits 12.1
New Taenidium (trace fossil) in the Upper Cretaceous chalk of northwestern Europe
Authors: Ekdale A. A. , Richter Bjarni
Published: May 2021

A meniscate backfilled trace fossil that is common in Upper Cretaceous chalk of Denmark, Germany and England is described as the new ichnospecies, Taenidium crassum. This ichnotaxon is differentiated from other ichnospecies of the ichnogenus on the basis of the irregular, asymmetrical menisci in the backfill.
Crustal structure and tectonic evolution of the Tornquist Fan region as revealed by geophysical methods
Authors: Thybo Hans
Published: May 2021

Crustal structure derived primarily from geophysical investigations reveals features that may be related to the complex tectonic evolution of the Tornquist Fan region. This northwestwards widening splay of Late Carboniferous – Early Permian fault zones in the Danish region emanates from the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone in northern Poland. Seismic reflections and velocity anomalies image collisional fault zones that formed during the Proterozoic and Palaeozoic amalgamation of the crust. Re-equilibration of Moho appears to have taken place before late Palaeozoic rifting and magmatism initiated the main phase of basin formation that continued into the Mesozoic. The resulting, strong Moho topography, with variation between depths of 26 and 48 km, has been practically “frozen in” since then, although the late Cretaceous – early Cenozoic inversion tectonics may have formed a crustal keel underneath part of the Sorgenfrei-Tornquist Zone which cuts across the Proterozoic crust of the Tornquist Fan region.
Palynological dating of the Oligocene – Miocene successions in the Lille Bælt area, Denmark
Authors: Dybkjær Karen , Rasmussen Erik Skovbjerg
Published: May 2021

A new geological model for the succession outcropping in the Lille Bælt area, Denmark, is proposed. The model is based on dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy on the three sections at Hindsgavl, Hagenør and Rønshoved combined with earlier biostratigraphic studies and sequence stratigraphic correlation of outcrops and borings.
Our results indicate that there have been two periods with lagoonal and nearshore marine deposition in the Lille Bælt area separated by a hiatus of at least 3.5 million years. The first period occurred in Late Oligocene or earliest Early Miocene (early Aquitanian) time and is represented by the deposits at Hindsgavl. The second period occurred in Early Miocene (early to mid-Burdigalian) time and is represented by the deposits at Hagenør and Rønshoved.
The deposits at Hindsgavl are time equivalent with the lagoonal upper part of the Vejle Fjord Formation and the overlying nearshore marine sand at Hvidbjerg. The deposits at Hagenør and Rønshoved correlate with the lower part of the offshore marine Arnum Formation and thus represent part of the coastline during the early to mid-Burdigalian.
Synthesizing the effects of mental simulation on behavior change: Systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis
Authors: Cole Scott N. , Smith Debbie M. , Ragan Kathryn , Suurmond Robert , Armitage Christopher J.
Published: May 2021

Mental simulation of future scenarios is hypothesized to affect future behavior, but a large and inconsistent literature means it is unclear whether, and under what conditions, mental simulation can change people’s behavior. A meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the effects of mental simulation on behavior and examine under what conditions mental simulation works best. An inclusive systematic database search identified 123 (N= 5,685) effect sizes comparing mental simulation to a control group. After applying a multilevel random effects model, a statistically-reliable positive effect of Hedges’g= 0.49, 95% CI [0.37; 0.62] was found, which was significantly different than zero. Using a taxonomy to identify different subtypes of mental simulation (along two dimensions, class [process, performance, outcome] and purpose [whether an inferior, standard, superior version of that behavior is simulated]), it was found that superior simulations garnered more reliable beneficial effects than inferior simulations. These findings have implications for integrating theories of how mental simulations change behavior, how mental simulations are classified, and may help guide professionals seeking evidence-based and cost-effective methods of changing behavior.
Eine Rekonstruktion des Beweises von Theodoros
Authors: Boehme Harald
Published: May 2021

We present ProﬁWerk, a professionalization course geared towards pre-service Gymnasium teachers in mathematics, which is part of the preparation for an extended school-internship phase. Since the transition from university education to school practice can come with adverse discontinuity effects – rendering, at worst, university education ineffective – special focus is put on establishing stable connections between both mathematics content knowledge and mathematics education knowledge to the professional demands on mathematics teachers.
Inklusionssensible Mathematikdidaktik lehren – Konzepte und Evaluationsergebnisse aus einem Lehr- und Forschungsprojekt
Authors: Benölken Ralf , Veber Marcel , Berlinger Nina
Published: May 2021

Die Implementierung von inklusionsorientierten Lehrveranstaltungen in die LehrerInnenbildung ist in den meisten Bundesländern mittlerweile verbindlich. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden Erfahrungen zum Konzept eines Universitätsseminars vorgestellt, das an einen schulpädagogischen, potenzialorientierten Fokus gegenüber inklusiver Bildung anknüpft und in dem die Studierenden Konzepte zu relevanten Aspekten wie dem diagnostischen oder methodischen Spektrum im Sinne forschenden Lernens entwickeln. Evaluationen deuten an, dass sich das Konzept bewährt und positiven Einfluss auf die Entwicklung von Professionswissen und Grundüberzeugungen ausübt.
Analyse und Reflexion von Problemlöseprozessen – Ein Beitrag zur Professionalisierung von Lehramtsstudierenden im Fach Mathematik
Authors: Bauer Thomas , Müller-Hill Eva , Weber Roland
Published: May 2021

In diesem Beitrag stellen wir eine Lehrveranstaltungskonzeption für Studierende des gymnasialen Lehramtes zum mathematischen Problemlösen als mögliches Best-Practice-Modell vor. Wir erläutern die fachlichen und fachdidaktischen Leitmotive und Ziele der Veranstaltung, geben einen Überblick zu deren konkreter Umsetzung und zeigen exemplarische Arbeitsmaterialien und Studierendenprodukte aus dem Pilotierungsdurchgang der Lehrveranstaltung.
ANALISIS LIKUIDITAS, LEVERAGE DAN ARUS KAS TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Sub Sektor Batubara Yang Terdaftar Di BEI Periode Tahun 2012 -2018)
Authors: Susilawati Susi
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa ada atau tidaknya pengaruh likuiditas, leverage dan arus kas terhadap financial distress serta profitabilitas sebagai moderator. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 perusahaan pertambangan sub sektor batubara yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2012 – 2018. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling yang menghasilkan 15 sampel perusahaan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan analisa regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa likuiditas mempunyai pengaruh negatif sigifikan terhadap financial distress, leverage mempunyai pengaruh positif sigifikan terhadap financial distress sedangkan arus kas tidak berpengaruh terhadap financial distress serta profitabilitas tidak dapat memoderasi hubungan variabel likuiditas, leverage dan arus kas terhadap financial distress. Oleh karena itu manajemen perusahaan pertambangan sub sektor batubara lebih memperhatikan faktor yang menyebabkan perusahaan mengalami financial distress, salah satunya dengan cara menekan angka debt ratio dan memaksimalkan penggunaaan aset yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan untuk memperoleh keuntungan.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN UMKM MENGIKUTI RELAKSASI PAJAK DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Nurhayati Ida , Adhi Nurseto
Published: May 2021

Riset ini bertujuan untuk menguji aspek-aspek yang mempengaruhi keputusan wajib pajak UMKM dalam mengambil program relaksasi pajak. Variabel riset terdiri dari variabel prosedur, pelayanan, dan pengetahuan sebagai variabel bebas. Kemudian keputusan wajib pajak UMKM mengikuti program relaksasi pajak sebagai variabel dependen. Teknik deskriptif digunakan dalam riset ini. Bentuk pendekatan yang dipergunakan ialah pendekatan kuantitatif kualitatif. Populasi dalam riset ini adalah pengusaha wajib pajak UMKM sebanyak 35 responden. Objek Penelitian ini tersebar di wilayah kota Bekasi, Blora, Boyolali, Ciamis, Getasan, Jakarta, Jepara, Salatiga, Kendal, Kudus, Lampung, Malang, Medan, Semarang, Wonogiri, dan Yogyakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang dipergunakan ialah metoda purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan riset ini adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dibantu dengan SPSS for window 23 sebagai alat analisis. Kesimpulan dalam riset membuktikan secara bersamaan variabel prosedur, pelayanan, dan pengetahuan berdampak terhadap keputusan wajib pajak UMKM mengikuti program relaksasi pajak UMKM mengikuti program relaksasi pajak. Sedangkan variabel pelayanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan wajib pajak UMKM mengikuti program relaksasi pajak.
KUALITAS AUDIT MELALUI ANALISIS FAKTOR- FAKTOR INDEPENDENSI DAN PROFESIONALISME AUDIT INTERNAL
Authors: Bramasto Ari , Anggadini Sri Dewi , Syahriani Asri
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTAudit quality is the accuracy of information reported by the auditor in accordance with the auditing standards used by the auditor including information on accounting violations in the company's financial reports, for that the role of the internal auditor is important for the sustainability of the company, where its role is to provide continuous supervision and assessment, the resulting audit quality depends of the independence and professionalism of the auditors themselves. This study aims to determine how much influence the independence of Internal Audit on audit quality and how much influence the professionalism of internal auditors on audit quality at PT Foximas Mandiri Bandung.The method used in this research is descriptive and verification methods. The population in this study were employees of PT Foximas Mandiri Bandung. Sampling was done using the Census Technique, with a sample of 26 respondents. The type of data used in this study is primary data. The data collection technique used statistical test modeling using the SPSS V.22 program.The results of this study indicate that: 1) The independence of the Internal Audit has an effect on audit quality, the internal auditors are free from pressure or managerial intervention and avoiding the use of unclear language in the audit report being the factor with the lowest gap, namely 9.23% 2) Professionalism of Internal Audit influence on audit quality, confidence in perophysical regulations is the factor with the lowest gap, namely 1.54% .
DAMPAK COVID-19 DAN NILAI TUKAR RUPIAH TERHADAP PASAR SAHAM INDONESIA
Authors: Nurjanah Yayuk , Anwar Yuli
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh COVID-19 dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Model penelitian Regresi Linear Berganda digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis pada penelitian ini. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 306 sampel selama periode Maret 2020 sampai dengan Desember 2020. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa COVID-19 dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan di Bursa Efek Indonesia. COVID-19 berpengaruh positif dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah berpengaruh negative terhadap indeks harga saham gabungan. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam mensosialisasikan dan memperluas pengetahuan dalam berbagai lapisan masyarakat Indonesia. Sehingga pasar modal Indonesia dapat bermanfaat bagi seluruh masyarakat Indonesia.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA KOPERASI
Authors: Ayu Riska Dyah , Cahyono Dwi , Aspiradi Rendy Mirwan
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisi kesenjangan penelitian dengan memberikan tinjauan pustaka sistematis untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas laporan keuangan pada koperasi. Pada metode penelitian ini mengukuti proses tinjauan pustaka sistematis yang terdiri dari tahap utama: perencanaan tinjauan, pelaksanaan tinjauan, dan pelaporan tinjauan. Studi awal yang telah ditemukan 561 artikel penelitian dan total studi yang digunakan 10 untuk tinjauan pustaka sistematis ini berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data kuantitatif yang diektraksi dari literature yang dipilih mengikuti strategi ekstraksi data dalam empat ekstraksi data. Data yang telah diestraksi disintesiskan untuk merumuskan pertanyaan penelitian yang telah dikemukakan untuk mendapatkan tujuan review. Hasil tinjauan Systematic Literature Review dari semua penelitian yang terdapat pada jurnal yang dipublikasikan dari tahun 2015-2020 menyatakan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas laporan keuangan koperasi sangatlah beragam yaitu sumber daya manusia, pengendalian internal akuntansi, pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, pengalaman kerja, pemahaman akuntansi, pengaruh stres kerja, tingkat pendidikan, budaya etis organisasi. Faktor utama yang mempengaruhi adalah pengendalian internal akuntansi dimana koperasi sebaiknya memberikan pemahaman akuntansi dan meningkatkan pengendalian internal agar kualitas laporan keuangan tidak akan terjadi kecurangan pada koperasi.
DETERMINAN PENGGUNAAN INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PADA USAHAU KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UKM) DI KECAMATAN RUMBAI, KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Harris Yop
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latar belakang pendidikan, skala usaha, pengalaman usaha dan pelatihan akuntansi terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan bukti empiris atas penggunaan informasi akuntansi oleh usaha kecil dan menengah di Kecamatan Rumbai, Kota Pekanbaru. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah usaha kecil dan menengah yang terdaftar di Dinas Koperasi Usaha Kecil dan Menengah di Kecamatan Rumbai, Kota Pekanbaru. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan Simple Random Sampling. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 39 pemilik usaha kecil dan menengah di Kecamatan Rumbai, Kota Pekanbaru. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada responden. Teknis analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis data regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa latar belakang pendidikan dan pengalaman usaha berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi. Sedangkan skala usaha dan pelatihan akuntansi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penggunaan informasi akuntansi. Koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,667 artinya bahwa latar belakang pendidikan, skala usaha, pengalaman usaha, dan pelatihan akuntansi dapat menjelaskan variabel dependen yaitu penggunaan informasi akuntansi sebesar 66,7% Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 33,3% di jelaskan oleh variabel lain atau faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam model atau persamaan regresi ini.
An audit of the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the emotional wellbeing of children and parents with problematic severe asthma
Authors: Audi Nadia , Cook James , Tomlin Becky , Latham Sarah , Chakrabarti Sulagna , Nagakumar Prasad , Gupta Atul
Published: May 2021

COVID-19 pandemic and the associated redeployment of healthcare infrastructure had a significant impact on normal services. Amongst a cohort with severe asthma children and young persons, attending a regional service, this questionnaire explored the impact of the pandemic and associated lockdown on emotional well-being.

Our findings suggest that there were significant anxieties associated with the ability to access primary and secondary care services, medication during the pandemic – lockdown, as well as the psychological impact of social distancing and missing school work for this cohort. There was a common perception that this had adversely impacted their asthma control, although this was not clinically correlated.

Our results indicate the need for health care providers to be aware of the psychological impact on the emotional wellbeing of the pandemic and offer appropriate help and counselling as needed. A correlation with deteriorating asthma control may need to be explored.
SAULĖS ENERGIJOS INTEGRAVIMO SKIRTINGŲ ENERGINIŲ KLASIŲ DAUGIABUČIUOSE TYRIMAS
Authors: Grunevas Žygimantas , Šiupšinskas Giedrius
Published: May 2021

Straipsnyje yra įvertinamos skirtingos technologijos, kurios galėtu užtikrinti dalį energijos poreikių iš atsinaujinančių energijos (saulės) išteklių devynių aukštų daugiabutyje, priskiriant jį skirtingoms energinėms klasėms. Vertinimas atliekamas trimis skirtingais kriterijais: Energiniu, ekonominiu ir ekologiniu. Pastato šilumos nuostoliai skirtingų energinių klasių pastatams yra skaičiuojami naudojant sertifikavimo programą ,,NRG“. Energetinio kriterijaus įvertinimui yra modeliuojama su ,,EnergyPRO“ modeliu. Ekonominis kriterijus vertinamas skaičiuojant technologijų atsipirkimo laiką ir diskontuotu sutaupymus. Ekologinis kriterijus vertinamas pagal CO2 išmetimą elektros ir šilumos gamyboje, pastato poreikiams patenkinti. Straipsnyje vertinami fotovoltinių saulės modulių, šilumos siurblių ir šiluminių saulės kolektorių integravimas.
Primordial Giant Planet Obliquity Driven by a Circumplanetary Disk
Authors: Martin Rebecca G. , Armitage Philip J.
Published: May 2021

Detached circumplanetary disks are unstable to tilting as a result of the stellar tidal potential. We examine how a tilted circumplanetary disk affects the evolution of the spin axis of an oblate planet. The disk is evolved using time-dependent equations for linear wave-like warp evolution, including terms representing the effect of the tidal potential and planetary oblateness. For a disk with a sufficiently large mass, we find that the planet spin quickly aligns to the misaligned disk. The tilt of the planetary spin axis then increases on the same timescale as the disk. This can be an efficient mechanism for generating primordial obliquity in giant planets. We suggest that directly imaged exoplanets at large orbital radii, where the disk mass criterion is more likely to be satisfied, could have significant obliquities due to the tilt instability of their circumplanetary disks.
The prevalence of enteroviral RNA and protein in mitral valves of chronic rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Kalpana Saligrama R , Saikant Regidi , Nanjappa Manjunath C , Mahadevan Anita , Jayshree Rudrapatna S
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Acute Rheumatic Fever/ Rheumatic Heart Disease (ARF/RHD), a sequel of group A streptococcal (GAS) infection, even today constitutes a public health issue in developing countries including India. Differences in the prevalence of ARF/RHD in countries with a similar prevalence of GAS infections indicate the role of other cofactors in pathogenesis of RHD.

Methodology: We investigated the prevalence of enterovirus (EV) in RHD by probing for both EV RNA and VP1 protein using Nonisotopic In Situ Hybridization (NISH) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) respectively in 75 valvectomy specimens obtained from RHD cases.

Results: Twenty-eight (37%) of the valves showed tissue inflammation with lymphocytic infiltration in a majority of the cases. Twenty-six and 27 (38% and 40%) of the 68 valves showed the presence of EV by IHC and NISH respectively, indicating a very good association between the two tests; however, only about 46 to 48% of them exhibited tissue inflammation. In eight cases (12%) the EV genome was detectable in absence of VP1 protein perhaps indicating a latent viral infection.

Conclusions: Due to a high degree of endemicity of EV in India, we are tempted to speculate that EV may be responsible for the severity and rapid progression of RHD. The virus could either be working synergistically with GAS or could be an opportunist infecting damaged valves.
Macrolides: a novel risk factor for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in intensive care units
Authors: Soria-Segarra Carmen , Soria-Segarra Claudia , Catagua-González Angel , Apolo-Matamoros Marcia , Vega-Franco Franklin , Chung-Sang Miguel , Narváez-Peñaloza César , Quijano-Grunauer Raquel , Gutiérrez-Fernández José
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) have emerged as a substantial cause of morbi-mortality worldwide, with a prevalence of approximately 5% in areas with high endemicity. However, available data may not be representative of developing countries, such as Ecuador. In this study, the incidence of CPE in Ecuador and risk factors for infection/colonisation were evaluated.

Methodology: A prospective cohort study was performed from February to April 2016 in seven intensive-care units of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Samples were processed according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention laboratory protocol and the CHROMagar mSuper CARBA agar method. Resistance to carbapenems was defined according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoints. A modified carbapenemase inactivation method was used to identify carbapenamase production phenotypically with molecular confirmation by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.

Results: In total, 640 patients were enrolled. The incidence of CPE was 36.4% (N = 233). A multivariate analysis indicated that several factors were associated with CPE acquisition, included a long intensive care unit stay (OR 1.05; 95% CI 1.03–1.08; p < 0.01), tracheostomy (OR 3.52; 95% CI 1.90–6.75; p < 0.01), hospitalisation 3 months prior to admission (OR 2.07; 95% CI 1.17–3.71; p < 0.01), vancomycin use (OR 3.31; 95% CI 2.02–5.18; p < 0.01), and macrolide use (OR 3.31; 95% CI 1.43–7.76; p < 0.01).

Conclusions: Macrolide use was a risk factor for CPE acquisition. This association should be evaluated further, especially in developing countries.
Clinical Perspectives of Multiple and Extensively Drug-Resistant Typhoid; result from a tertiary care hospital from Pakistan
Authors: Fida Samina , Mansoor Hala , Saif Saba , Iqbal Javed , Khan Arif Qayyum
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Typhoid fever remains a problem in developing countries, including Pakistan. The emergence of multidrug-resistant and, since 2016, of extensively drug-resistant cases is a continuous challenge for health care workers. The COVID-19 pandemic is making management more difficult.

Methodology: In the present study, a total of 52 confirmed cases of typhoid have been studied during 2019. Detailed clinical features, complications and, lab findings were studied. Typhoid culture and sensitivity were recorded and patients were treated accordingly. Patients were asked about risk factors to aim at informing prevention.

Results: Out of the 52 having blood culture positive for Salmonella Typhi 47 (90.4%) and Salmonella Paratyphi 5 (9.6%), 4 (7.7%) were sensitive to first-line (Non-resistant), 11 (21.2%) MDR and 37 (71.2%) patient were XDR. One case was resistant to azithromycin. Nausea, vomiting or, abdominal pain was present in 12 (23%), abdominal distension present in 9 (17.3%), abdominal tenderness in 8 (15.4%), hepatomegaly in 10 (19.2%) and, splenomegaly in 22 (42.3%).There were ultrasound abnormalities in 58% of patients and GI complications in 19% of patients. No significant difference was found in clinical findings and complications between resistant and non–resistant cases. Only 23-27% of patients were aware of typhoid prevention and vaccination measures.

Conclusions: The increasing prevalence of resistance and higher degree of complications seen in typhoid fever raises the concern further about prevention and effective infection management in the community as well as clinical settings. Moreover, judicial use of antibiotics is much needed in developing countries like Pakistan.
Use of antibiotics in COVID-19 ICU patients
Authors: Mustafa Lirim , Tolaj Ilir , Baftiu Nehat , Fejza Hajrullah
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The role of antibiotics in the treatment in COVID-19 cases has not yet been adequately defined, and no criteria have been established for antibiotic treatment, type and duration.

Methodology: This paper reports the results of an observational study on the extent of antibiotic use in 52 randomly selected patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) at the University Hospital in Pristina, Kosovo with severe forms of COVID-19.

Results: Antibiotics were prescribed in all the cases (52; 100%). Of the 52 patients, 1) 13 (25%) were given antibiotics before hospitalisation, 2) 49 (94.2%) during treatment in the ward and 3) 52 (100%) during treatment in the ICU. Most often, empirical antibiotics were administered in 32 cases (61.5%) to treat methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, and in 23 patients (44.2%) to treat atypical pathogens. The most prescribed antibiotics were ceftriaxone/cefotaxime plus macrolide in (17 cases; 32.7%), ceftriaxone/cefotaxime in (15 cases; 28.8%), ampicillin/amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid or sulbactam (five cases; 9.6%), and quinolones (five cases; 9.6%). Imipenem was the most frequently used antibiotic in the ICU (30 cases; 57.7%), followed by ceftriaxone (28 cases; 53.8%), and piperacillin/tazobactam and fluoroquinolone (17 cases; 32.7%). In 18 cases (34.6%), three antibiotics were given simultaneously; two antibiotics in 29 cases (55.8%) and in five cases (9.6%) only one antibiotic was given. The mean duration of antibiotic treatment was 12.71 days (3-22 days; SD 4.026).

Conclusions: The study showed unrestricted use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the treatment of severe cases with COVID-19.
Nurse’s Experiences in Implementing an Islamic Care Nursing Practice in Sharia-based Hospital Yogyakarta: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Wardaningsih Shanti , Junita Aldina Puput
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Caring is the concept of a basic approach in nursing. It is an action that affects the level of satisfaction in hospitalized patients. Caring practice is very important for patient satisfaction. If it is in accordance with patient expectations, it will be considered as satisfying nursing services. However, in reality, there are still many nurses who have not shown caring practice toward patients and there may be some nurses who do not have time to listen to patients, provide comfort, or other caring actions. Nurses are considered to be noble professions as they are the people who take care and help the patients. The noble profession can be seen through the practice of the nurse such as caring actions which can improve patient satisfaction, especially Islamic caring, which is to include Islamic values in the hospital regardless of the patient’s status. AIM: This study aims to explore the experiences of nurses in implementing Islamic caring practices at the Islamic Hospital in Yogyakarta. METHODS: This study used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The data collection conducted in this study was an in-depth interview method. The number of participants in this study was six nurses who worked at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital and Nur Hidayah Hospital, Yogyakarta. RESULTS: The results of this study showed four main themes regarding the experience of nurses in implementing Islamic caring practices at the Islamic Hospital in Yogyakarta. CONCLUSION: The four main themes are nurse’s spiritual experiences, sharia-based services, attitudes toward Islamic caring practices, and the support and the barrier in carrying out Islamic caring practices.
La Société artistique des amateurs (1896-1914) : le grand monde au travail
Authors: Viraben Hadrien
Published: May 2021

Si la seconde moitié du xix e siècle vit s’établir un mode de professionnalisation subjectif de l’artiste, il en alla de même pour son antagoniste, l’amateur. Dans ce contexte, la Société artistique des amateurs, fondée en 1896, fournit l’exemple rare d’un échantillon d’amateurs autodéclarés, susceptible d’être analysé de manière qualitative et quantitative. Non contents de se qualifier en tant qu’amateurs, les membres de cette société entreprirent également de définir cette identité, en combinant l’héritage d’une figure historique du xviii e siècle et le sens nouveau de non-professionnel. Loin d’assumer un statut indépendant vis-à-vis des règles de l’art, l’association permit à un microcosme d’aristocrates dilettantes de s’inscrire au sein du monde de l’art parisien, en se réservant une place à part entière. Elle offrit aussi au grand monde les moyens de justifier son mérite et sa productivité parmi les professionnels de la III e République.
Classification of solutions to a nonlocal equation with doubly Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev critical exponents
Authors: Yang Minbo , Zhao Fukun , Zhao Shunneng
Published: May 2021

We consider the following nonlocal critical equation

   \begin{document}$\begin{equation} -\Delta u = (I_{\mu_1}\ast|u|^{2_{\mu_1}^\ast})|u|^{2_{\mu_1}^\ast-2}u +(I_{\mu_2}\ast|u|^{2_{\mu_2}^\ast})|u|^{2_{\mu_2}^\ast-2}u,\; x\in\mathbb{R}^N, \;\;\;\;\;\;\;(1) \end{equation}$ \end{document}

where \begin{document}$ 0<\mu_1,\mu_2<N $\end{document} if \begin{document}$ N = 3 $\end{document} or \begin{document}$ 4 $\end{document}, and \begin{document}$ N-4\leq\mu_1,\mu_2<N $\end{document} if \begin{document}$ N\geq5 $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ 2_{\mu_{i}}^\ast: = \frac{N+\mu_i}{N-2}(i = 1,2) $\end{document} is the upper critical exponent with respect to the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality, and \begin{document}$ I_{\mu_i} $\end{document} is the Riesz potential

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} I_{\mu_i}(x) = \frac{\Gamma(\frac{N-\mu_i}{2})}{\Gamma(\frac{\mu_i}{2})\pi^{\frac{N}{2}}2^{\mu_i}|x|^{N-\mu_i}}, \; i = 1,2, \end{equation*} $\end{document}

with \begin{document}$ \Gamma(s) = \int_{0}^{\infty}x^{s-1}e^{-x}dx $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ s>0 $\end{document}. Firstly, we prove the existence of the solutions of the equation (1). We also establish integrability and \begin{document}$ C^\infty $\end{document}-regularity of solutions and obtain the explicit forms of positive solutions via the method of moving spheres in integral forms. Finally, we show that the nondegeneracy of the linearized equation of (1) at \begin{document}$ U_0,V_0 $\end{document} when \begin{document}$ \max\{\mu_1,\mu_2\}\rightarrow0 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ \min\{\mu_1,\mu_2\}\rightarrow N $\end{document}, respectively.
Acceptance and Assessment in Student Pair-Programming: A Case Study
Authors: Roque Hernández Ramón Ventura , Guerra Moya Sergio Armando , Rico Frida Carmina Caballero
Published: May 2021

This study analyzes pair programming's acceptance and assessment in the university setting considering participants' gender, previous programming ex-perience, and programming enjoyment. The sample included 80 students from three different sections enrolled in a basic programming course. We used a questionnaire to collect data after the pair programming practices. For data analysis, we used SPSS 24, and Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Jonckheere-Terpstra statistical techniques. Descriptive and comparative re-sults showed a significant increasing monotonic trend in the acceptance of pair programming as students' preference toward programming increased (standardized statistic = 3.20, p = 0.00, Kendall's τb = 0.30, p = 0.001). Also, pair programming was positively accepted and assessed even by students who reported a low level of programming enjoyment. There were no other statistically significant results.