bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Management And Outcome of Hyponatraemia Following Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Hussein Ziad , Tzoulis Ploutarchos , Marcus Hani J , Grieve Joan , Dorward Neil , Bouloux Pierre Marc , Baldeweg Stephanie E
Published: April 2021

Purpose:Hyponatraemia is a common complication following transsphenoidal surgery. However, there is sparse data on its optimal management and impact on clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the management and outcome of hyponatraemia following transsphenoidal surgery.Methods:A prospectively maintained database was searched over a 4-year period between January 2016 and December 2019, to identify all patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery. A retrospective case-note review was performed to extract data on hyponatraemia management and outcome. Results: Hyponatraemia occurred in 162 patients (162/670; 24.2%) with a median age of 56 years. Female gender and younger age were associated with hyponatraemia, with mean nadir sodium being 128.6 mmol/L on postoperative day 7. Hyponatraemic patients had longer hospital stay than normonatraemic group with nadir sodium being inversely associated with length of stay (p <0.001). In patients with serum sodium ≤132 mmol/L, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) was the commonest cause (80/111; 72%). Among 76 patients treated with fluid restriction as a monotherapy, 25 patients (25/76; 32.9%) did not achieve a rise in sodium after three days of treatment. Readmission with hyponatraemia occurred in 11 cases (11/162; 6.8%) at a median interval of 9 days after operation.Conclusion:Hyponatraemia is a relatively common occurrence following transsphenoidal surgery, is associated with longer hospital stay and risk of readmission, and the effectiveness of fluid restriction is limited. These findings highlight the need for further studies to better identify and treat high-risk patients, including the use of AVP receptor antagonists.
What’s the impact of social well-being factors on happiness?
Authors: Trabelsi Mohamed Ali
Published: April 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Environmental Risk Assessment of Drugs in Tropical Freshwaters Using Ceriodaphnia Silvestrii as Test Organism
Authors: Caldas Lucas Lopes , Espíndola Evaldo , Moreira Raquel , Novelli Andrea
Published: April 2021

The identification of drugs in aquatic environments, particularly in surface waters, has generated concerns about their potential toxic effects on the aquatic biota. In this study we evaluated the acute (immobility) and chronic (survival and reproduction) effects of the drugs caffeine, diclofenac sodium salt, ketoprofen, paracetamol and salicylic acid on the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. The environmental risks of these substances for tropical freshwaters were estimated from the risk quotient MEC/PNEC. Sensitivity in acute exposures varied up on the drug as follows: salicylic acid (EC50 = 69.15 mg L− 1) < caffeine (EC50 = 45.94 mg L− 1) < paracetamol (EC50 = 34.49 mg L− 1) < ketoprofen (EC50 = 24.84 mg L− 1) < diclofenac sodium salt (EC50 = 14.59 mg L− 1). Chronic toxicity data showed negative effects of the drugs on reproduction. Paracetamol and salicylic acid caused reduction in fecundity in concentrations starting from 10 mg L− 1 and 35 mg L− 1, respectively. Ketoprofen caused total inhibition at 5 mg L− 1. MEC/PNEC values were relatively low for all drugs. The risk was estimated as low or insignificant, except for caffeine, whose MEC/PNEC value was greater than 1 (moderate risk). Although the concentrations of the drugs that showed a toxic effect on C. silvestrii are still above the detected in the aquatic environment, long-term exposures and the evaluation of other endpoints, may result in potential environmental risks, therefore, they need to be studied. This knowledge is important, as up to now there are neither established limit values or guidelines to control the elimination of drugs in freshwater in Brazil and other countries in tropical regions.
Inducible 70kDa Heat Shock Protein and Autophagy-related Protein P62 Levels in Women With Breast Cancer: an Exploratory Investigation
Authors: Orfanelli Theofano , Giannopoulos Spyridon , Zografos Eleni , Athanasiou Aikaterini , Bongiovanni Ann Marie , Doulaveris Georgios , Moo Tracy-Ann , LaPolla Dayle , Bakoyiannis Chris , Theodoropoulos Georgios , Zografos Georgios , Andreopoulou Eleni , Witkin Steven
Published: April 2021

Background: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) respond to altered physiological conditions to alleviate the threat. The inducible 70kDa heat shock protein (HSPA1A) protects proteins from degradation. Autophagy is an intracellular process that removes damaged proteins and recycles their components to the cytoplasm. Sequestosome-1 (p62) is a protein consumed during autophagy. We hypothesized that the PBMC response to a malignant breast mass involves elevated production of HSPA1A and a decrease in intracellular p62.Methods: In this study 46 women had their breast mass excised. PBMCs were isolated and intracellular levels of HSPA1A and p62 were quantitated by ELISA. Differences between women with a benign or malignant breast mass were determined. Results: A breast malignancy was diagnosed in 38 women (82.6%) while 8 had a benign lesion. Mean intracellular HSPA1A levels were 79.3 ng/ml in PBMCs from women with a malignant lesion and 44.2 ng/ml in controls (p=0.04). The mean PBMC p62 level was 2.3 ng/ml in women with a benign breast lesion as opposed to 0.6 ng/ml in those with breast cancer (p<0.001). Mean p62 levels were also lower in women with invasive carcinoma and a positive lymph node biopsy when compared to those with in-situ carcinoma or absence of lymphadenopathy, respectively. Conclusion: Intracellular HSPA1A and p62 levels in PBMCs differ between women with a malignant or benign breast lesion. These measurements may be of value in the preoperative triage of women with a breast mass.
Meningitis, Meningoencephalitis and Encephalitis in Bern: an observational study of 258 patients
Authors: Ungureanu Anamaria , Meer Julia Van der , Bicvic Antonela , Abbuehl Lena S , Chiffi Gabriele , Jaques Léonore , Suter-Riniker Franziska , Leib Stephen L , Bassetti Claudio LA , Dietmann Anelia
Published: April 2021

Background
Depending on geographic location causes of encephalitis, meningoencephalitis and meningitis vary substantially. We aimed to identify most frequent causes, clinical presentation as well as long-term outcome of encephalitis, meningoencephalitis and meningitis cases treated in the Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland.
Methods
In this monocentric, observational retro- and prospective cohort study, we performed a retrospective review of clinical patient records for all patients treated during 3 years. Patients were contacted prospectively for a telephone follow-up interview and to fill out questionnaires, especially related disturbances of sleep and wakefulness.
Results
We included 258 patients: encephalitis (18%), non-bacterial meningoencephalitis (42%), non-bacterial meningitis (27%) and bacterial meningoencephalitis/meningitis (13%). Herpes simplex virus (HSV) was the most frequent cause of encephalitis (18%), tick borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) of non-bacterial meningoencephalitis (46%), enterovirus of non-bacterial meningitis (21%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae of bacterial meningoencephalitis/meningitis (49%). Overall, 35% patients remained without known cause. After a median time of 16 months, 162 patients participated in the follow-up interview, thereof 56% indicated to suffer from neurological long-term sequels such as fatigue and/or excessive daytime sleepiness (34%), cognitive impairment and memory deficits (22%), headache (14%) and epileptic seizures (11%).
Conclusions
In the largest tertiary care University hospital in Switzerland TBEV was the overall most frequently detected infectious cause, with a clinical manifestation of meningoencephalitis in the majority of cases. Long-term neurological sequels, most importantly cognitive impairment, fatigue and headache were frequently self-reported not only in encephalitis and meningoencephalitis but also viral meningitis survivors up to 40 months after the acute infection.
MicroRNAs as biomarkers of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a scoping review
Authors: Visacri Marília Berlofa , Nicoletti Aline de Souza , Pincinato Eder de Carvalho , Moriel Patricia
Published: April 2021

Background. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus which was identified as the infectious agent responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that can be potential biomarkers of several diseases. The aim of this scoping review was to identify which miRNAs could be biomarkers of COVID-19 and their roles. Methods. A literature search was performed based on PubMed, PubMed Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, Embase, and Cochrane Library for studies published until January 28th, 2021. Animal and human studies that described miRNAs as biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 were included. Studies with a purely computational approach were excluded. Results. A total of 1,797 records were identified, seven of which met the eligibility criteria. Six studies were conducted in humans (samples derived from blood) and one was performed in an animal model (lung tissue). The most important miRNAs identified were miR-195-5p, miR-618, miR-146a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-15b-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-155, miR-208a, miR-499, miR-103a-2-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-2115-3p, and members of the let-7 family. Among these miRNAs, miR-146a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-15b-5p, and members of the let-7 family may be important as they were deregulated in more than one study. Dysregulated miRNAs appear to play key roles in viral replication, proliferation of infected cells, immune response, inflammation, or cardiovascular dysfunction. Conclusion. MiRNAs may be used as potential diagnostic or severity biomarkers, predictive biomarkers, biomarkers of T-cell immune response, and as therapeutic targets of COVID-19. Further studies are required to investigate and validate the role of miRNAs as biomarkers of COVID-19.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Mali (#CCG)
Authors: Allington Lucy , Cannone Carla , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Hirmer Stephanie , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Barcelona Edito , Rogner Holger , Cronin Jen
Published: April 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to starting energy system modelling in developing countries, thereby causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Mali, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and three stylized scenarios (Fossil Future, Least Cost and Net Zero by 2050) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Guinea (#CCG)
Authors: Allington Lucy , Cannone Carla , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Hirmer Stephanie , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Barcelona Edito , Rogner Holger
Published: April 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to starting energy system modelling in developing countries, thereby causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Guinea, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and three stylized scenarios (Fossil Future, Least Cost and Net Zero by 2050) for 2020-2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
The Utilization of User Fees to Subsidize Greenhouse and Growth Chamber Facilities at Public and Land Grant Universities
Authors: Mayfield-Smith Kennedy , Lamm Alexa J. , Stougaard Robert N.
Published: April 2021

Greenhouse and growth chamber operating and maintenance costs continue to escalate while budgets remain stagnant. As a result, many universities struggle to find the necessary funds for the maintenance, repair, and replacement of basic research infrastructure needs. A survey was conducted to develop an understanding of how user fee systems contribute to funding stability, and how they are designed and managed in support of greenhouse and growth chamber facilities at colleges of agriculture throughout the United States. Where user fees have been implemented, the majority of greenhouse and growth chamber facilities are managed centrally, and are administered by agricultural experiment station (AES) directors or facility managers. Regardless of the administrative authority, most systems use an advisory committee to set fee schedules and determine policies. The majority of user fees are allocated back to the specific facility, with the majority of funds in general used to help pay for indirect expenses. The findings also indicate that user fees make more efficient use of space by providing faculty with a financial incentive to minimize their project area and to conduct experiments quickly.
Hemolytic transfusion reaction attributable to anti-Dia
Authors: Joyce A.J. , Quantock K.M. , Banh R. , Liew Y.-W.
Published: April 2021

In situations when a patient’s antibody detection test is negative, many institutions have moved from an indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) crossmatch to an electronic crossmatch system. Here we report a case of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction attributable to anti-Dia in a patient with a negative antibody detection test. A 22-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of β thalassemia and sickle cell anemia commenced a routine exchange transfusion of 5 units of red blood cells (RBCs) in the apheresis unit as part of her regular treatment. When the patient started receiving the implicated unit, she reported back pain, chest pain, and a feeling of anxiety, suggestive of an acute transfusion reaction. The transfusion was ceased and an investigation of an adverse event was commenced. This case illustrates that the presence of antibodies to low-prevalence antigens remains a significant issue for transfusion-dependent individuals. To prevent other transfusion reactions by anti-Dia, the addition of Di(a+) cells to the reagent RBCs used for the antibody detection test along with IAT-crossmatching of donor units for all patients with sickle cell disease is recommended.
Immunohematology

2017;33:6–8.
Applications of selected cells in immunohematology in a developing country: case studies
Authors: Dara R.C. , Tiwari A.K. , Arora D. , Mitra S. , Aggarwal G. , Acharya D.P. , Bhardwaj G.
Published: April 2021

When an antibody is detected, its specificity should be determined and its likely clinical significance should be assessed. When one antibody has been identified, it becomes necessary to confirm the presence of additional significant antibodies to ensure that compatible blood is provided to the patient. To perform this confirmation, specific reagent red blood cells (RBCs) are selected; these are called selected cells. Though the most common use of selected cells is for antibody confirmation, they can also be used for several other immunohematologic applications. In a developing country like India, the performance of antibody screening for unexpected antibodies on a routine basis is a comparatively new phenomenon, and those laboratories performing advanced immunohematologic testing would need to use selected cells to arrive at an accurate conclusion. This report defines selected cells and enumerates sources of these RBCs. Detailed immunohematologic applications are discussed with applicable case studies.
Immunohematology

2017;33:27–35.
A suspected delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction mediated by anti-Joa
Authors: Jajosky R.P. , Lumm W.C. , Wise S.C. , Bollag R.J. , Shikle J.F.
Published: April 2021

A 32-year-old African-American woman with a history of sickle cell disease presented for surgical evaluation of left total hip arthroplasty due to avascular necrosis of the femoral head. In anticipation of a complex orthopedic procedure, pre-surgical blood work was ordered. The patient’s Fenwal blood sample typed as group O, D+. Although the patient had a history of anti-Fya, the antibody identification was inconclusive, so the workup was sent to a reference laboratory. The patient was last transfused with red blood cells (RBCs) 2 years earlier, but had no history of transfusion reactions. Due to surgery, the patient’s hemoglobin (Hb) decreased from 10.2 g/dL (preoperative) to 8.6 g/dL (postoperative). One unit of weakly crossmatch-incompatible Fy(a–), C–, E–, K–, and sickle cell hemoglobin S (HbS)-negative RBCs was transfused without incident, and the patient was discharged. Several days later, the reference lab reported two new specificities, anti-Joa and anti-Jkb. Fortunately, the transfused RBC unit was Jk(b–). Therefore, the crossmatch incompatibility was attributed to anti-Joa, which targets a high-prevalence antigen found in 100 percent of most populations. Two weeks after discharge, the patient returned in sickle vaso-occlusive pain crisis. The patient was clinically stable, but her Hb was 6.7 g/dL. One unit of Fy(a–), Jk(b–), C–, E–, K–, HbS– RBCs, which was weakly crossmatch-incompatible, was transfused. The following day, her Hb was unchanged, lactic acid dehydrogenase increased from 951 to 2464 U/L, potassium increased from 3.7 to 4.6 mEq/L, creatinine increased from 0.60 to 0.98 mg/dL, and the patient developed a 38.4°C fever. These findings are consistent with a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR), mediated by anti-Joa, occurring 2 weeks after the first RBC transfusion. Further care could not be provided because the patient left the hospital against medical advice. The purpose of this case study is to report findings consistent with a DHTR attributed to anti-Joa, an antibody with relatively unknown clinical significance.
Immunohematology

2017;33:73–75.
Red blood cell phenotype prevalence in blood donors who self-identify as Hispanic
Authors: Sheppard C.A. , Bolen N.L. , Eades B. , Ochoa-Garay G. , Yazer M.H.
Published: April 2021

Molecular genotyping platforms provide a quick, high-throughput method for identifying red blood cell units for patients on extended phenotype-matching protocols, such as those with sickle cell disease or thalassemia. Most of the antigen prevalence data reported are for non-Hispanic populations. Therefore, this study sought to determine the phenotype prevalence in a single blood center’s Hispanic population and to compare those results with previously reported rates in non-Hispanic donor populations. We performed a retrospective review of all serologic and molecular typing from donors who self-reported as Hispanic. The phenotype prevalence was reported and compared with rates from other racial/ethnic groups. A total of 1127 donors who self-identified as Hispanic were screened by serologic methods for Rh and Kell antigens, and 326 were subsequently selected for molecular typing. The most prevalent probable Rh phenotypes were R1r (26.6%), R1R2 (21.5%), and R1R1 (20.7%); rr was found in 7.8 percent of donors tested. The percentage of K+ donors in this population was 2.8 percent. The most prevalent Duffy phenotypes were Fy(a+b+) (35.9%), Fy(a+b–) (35.6%), and Fy(a–b+) (27%). Of the donors studied, 15.3 percent had an FY GATA mutation. Only 1.5 percent of the donors were Fy(a–b–). The Jk(a+b+) phenotype was found in nearly half of the population. M+N+S+s+ was the most prevalent MNS phenotype from that group, constituting 22.4 percent. A total of 95.7 percent of the donors were Lu(a–b+), and Di(a–b+) was observed in 94.4 percent. The most prevalent Dombrock phenotype was Do(a+b+), constituting 46.9 percent, followed closely by Do(a–b+) at 40.5 percent. Hispanic donor antigen prevalence is distinctly different from other racial/ethnic groups and should be considered when attempting to find extended matched units for these patients.
Immunohematology

2017; 33:119–124.
DEL phenotype
Authors: Kwon D.H. , Sandler S.G. , Flegel W.A.
Published: April 2021

DEL red blood cells (RBCs) type as D– by routine serologic methods and are transfused routinely, without being identified as expressing a very weak D antigen, to D– recipients. DEL RBCs are detected only by adsorption and elution of anti-D or by molecular methods. Most DEL phenotypes have been reported in population studies conducted in East Asia, although DEL phenotypes have been detected also among Caucasian individuals. Approximately 98 percent of DEL phenotypes in East Asians are associated with the RHD*DEL1 or RHD*01EL.01 allele. The prevalence of DEL phenotypes has been reported among D– Han Chinese (30%), Japanese (28%), and Korean (17%) populations. The prevalence of DEL phenotypes is significantly lower among D– Caucasian populations (0.1%). Among the 3–5 percent of African individuals who are D–, there are no reports of the DEL phenotype. Case reports from East Asia indicate that transfusion of DEL RBCs to D– recipients has been associated with D alloimmunization. East Asian immigrants constitute 2.1 percent of the 318.9 million persons residing in the United States, and an estimated 2.8 percent are blood donors. Using these statistics, we estimate that 68–683 units of DEL RBCs from donors of East Asian ancestry are transfused as D– annually in the United States. Given the reports from East Asia of D alloimmunization attributed to transfusion of DEL RBCs, one would expect an occasional report of D alloimmunization in the United States following transfusion of DEL RBCs to a D– recipient. If such cases do occur, the most likely reason that they are not detected is the absence of active post-transfusion monitoring for formation of anti-D.
Immunohematology

2017;33:125–132.
Anti-Vel alloimmunization and severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn
Authors: Moise K.J. , Morales Y. , Bertholf M.F. , Rossmann S.N. , Bai Y.
Published: April 2021

Only rare cases of anti-Vel–associated mild-to-moderate hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn have been previously reported. No case of fetal anemia requiring prenatal therapy has been noted to date. We report such a case recently encountered at our Fetal Center. Strategies are discussed for managing pregnancy complicated with alloimmunization to an antibody to a high-prevalence antigen, including sources of red blood cells for intrauterine transfusions.
Immunohematology

2017;33:152–154.
Separation of multiple antibodies by adsorption with allogeneic red blood cells
Authors: Ekema E.M.
Published: April 2021

Antibody detection and identification are processes that are commonly performed in the transfusion service before transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells (RBCs). Antibody identification usually follows the discovery of a positive antibody detection test, or other factors such as ABO serum/cell discrepancy or an incompatible crossmatch. Antibody identification is a necessary practice in blood banking to determine the suitability of blood products for transfusion on an individual basis. When the presence of multiple antibodies is suspected, several methods, including neutralization of patient’s plasma, titration, elution, chemical or enzyme treatment of reagent RBCs, and adsorption with allogeneic RBCs, may be used to separate and properly identify other atypical antibodies that are present in a single serum or plasma sample. This review will focus on the use of allogeneic adsorption to identify antibody specificities in a patient’s sample.
Immunohematology

2017;33:155–158.
The Augustine blood group system, 48 years in the making
Authors: Daniels G.
Published: April 2021

The high-prevalence antigen, Ata, was first identified in 1967, but it was not until 2015 that Ata became AUG1 of a new blood group system, Augustine (AUG). The new system was established after the identification of the gene encoding Ata and the recognition of a null phenotype (AUG:–1,–2) in an At(a–) patient with an antibody (anti-AUG2) reactive with At(a–) red blood cells. The At(a–) phenotype is very rare and, with the exception of the one family with the null phenotype, has only been found in individuals of African origin. Anti-Ata has been implicated in immediate and delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions, but not in severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. The Augustine gene is SLC29A1, which encodes the equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT1. At(a–) (AUG:–1,2) results from homozygosity for c.1171G>A, encoding Glu391Lys, whereas the AUGnull (AUG:–1,–2) phenotype results from homozygosity for a splice site mutation, c.589+1G>C, in the only family where it has been found. Absence of ENT1 in that family may be associated with pseudogout and abnormal bone calcification.
Immunohematology

2016;32:100–103.
Autoanti-C in a patient with primary sclerosing cholangitis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a rare presentation
Authors: Bajpai M. , Maheshwari A. , Gupta S. , Bihari C.
Published: April 2021

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is rarely associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), and the presence of specific autoantibodies has not been reported previously. We present a unique case report of PSC associated with AIHA implicating autoanti-C. A 17-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with PSC along with AIHA. Her blood sample demonstrated a positive direct antiglobulin test and a positive autocontrol in the antihuman globulin phase, confirming the patient had warm-reactive AIHA. Further testing showed the possibility of anti-C. The patient’s Rh phenotype was C+D+E–c– e+. Further testing with select cells, serial alloadsorption, and an elution confirmed anti-C specificity. The patient was transfused with two C–, crossmatch-compatible packed red blood cell units. The patient’s hemoglobin level and general condition showed improvement. This unique case report shows PSC associated with AIHA caused by autoanti-C. Usually, warm AIHA presents with a panreactive pattern, and it is difficult to find compatible blood. In this rare case, we could determine the specific antibody; efforts should always be made in cases of AIHA to identify the specificity of autoantibody.
Immunohematology

2016;32:104–107.
Controls on tetrahedral Fe(III) abundance in 2:1 phyllosilicates—Discussion
Authors: Petit Sabine , Baron Fabien , Decarreau Alain
Published: April 2021

Cuadros et al. (2019) used a wide range of data from dioctahedral and trioctahedral Fe3+-bearing, 2:1 phyllosilicates to propose a model describing how tetrahedral occupancy by Fe3+ takes place in both dioctahedral and trioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates. The partition coefficient approach (Decarreau and Petit 2014) focusing on the distribution of Al3+ and Fe3+ between octahedral and tetrahedral sites of dioctahedral smectites has been disregarded in the study of Cuadros et al. (2019). This approach was applied here on the set of data from Cuadros et al. (2019). The partition coefficient value linked to the distribution of Al3+ and Fe3+ between octahedral and tetrahedral sites determined from natural and synthetic dioctahedral smectites applies well to trioctahedral phyllosilicates too. Data from synthetic iron-rich 2:1 smectites also fit well with both Cuadros et al. (2019) and Decarreau and Petit (2014) models.
The physical and chemical evolution of magmatic fluids in near-solidus silicic magma reservoirs: Implications for the formation of pegmatites
Authors: Troch Juliana , Huber Christian , Bachmann Olivier
Published: April 2021

As ascending magmas undergo cooling and crystallization, water and fluid-mobile elements (e.g., Li, B, C, F, S, Cl) become increasingly enriched in the residual melt until fluid saturation is reached. The consequential exsolution of a fluid phase dominated by H2O (magmatic volatile phase or MVP) is predicted to occur early in the evolution of long-lived crystal-rich “mushy” magma reservoirs and can be simulated by tracking the chemical and physical evolution of these reservoirs in thermomechanical numerical models. Pegmatites are commonly interpreted as the products of crystallization of late-stage volatile-rich liquids sourced from granitic igneous bodies. However, little is known about the timing and mechanism of extraction of pegmatitic liquids from their source. In this study, we review findings from thermomechanical models on the physical and chemical evolution of melt and MVP in near-solidus magma reservoirs and apply these to textural and chemical observations from pegmatites. As an example, we use a three-phase compaction model of a section of a mushy reservoir and couple this to fluid-melt and mineral-melt partition coefficients of volatile trace elements (Li, Cl, S, F, B). We track various physical parameters of melt, crystals, and MVP, such as volume fractions, densities, velocities, as well as the content in the volatile trace elements mentioned above. The results suggest that typical pegmatite-like compositions (i.e., enriched in incompatible elements) require high crystallinities (>70–75 vol% crystals) in the magma reservoir, at which MVP is efficiently trapped in the crystal network. Fluid-mobile trace elements can become enriched beyond contents expected from closed-system equilibrium crystallization by transport of MVP from more-evolved mush domains. From a thermomechanical perspective, these observations indicate that, rather than from melt, pegmatites may more likely be generated from pressurized, solute-rich MVP with high concentrations of dissolved silicate melt and fluid-mobile elements. Hydraulic fracturing provides a mechanism for the extraction and emplacement of such pegmatite-generating liquids in and around the main parental near-solidus mush as pockets, dikes, and small intrusive bodies. This thermomechanical framework for the extraction of MVP from mushes and associated formation of pegmatites integrates both igneous and hydrothermal realms into the concept of transcrustal magmatic distillation columns.
Aplicação da metodologia produção mais limpa (P+L) para a redução de resíduos sólidos na preparação de merenda em uma escola municipal de Pelotas, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Baptista Juliana dos Santos Goulart , Sainz Ricardo Lemos , Nascimento Cinara Ourique do
Published: April 2021

A geração de resíduos sólidos orgânicos é uma das principais causas dos impactos que afetam intensamente os recursos naturais não renováveis como solo e águas superficiais. Esse estudo buscou alternativas para a problemática ambiental, sugerindo e implantando melhorias no processo produtivo da merenda escolar. O custo com a destinação final desses rejeitos leva ao apontamento de uma das preocupações, pois o descarte em aterros sanitários não é a melhor solução. A pesquisa utilizou como base o monitoramento do preparo da merenda escolar em uma escola municipal de Pelotas-RS, buscando torná-lo mais eficiente a partir da implantação da Metodologia Produção mais Limpa (P+L). A partir da metodologia de Produção Mais Limpa foram implantadas ações de melhorias contínuas no processo produtivo da merenda escolar, como uma forma de eliminar a fonte geradora de resíduos em algumas etapas e reduzir em outras. Os resultados foram muito satisfatórios em todas as variáveis usadas na observação tornando o preparo da merenda mais sustentável e eficiente. A partir dos resultados obtidos com o desenvolvimento desse estudo pode-se sugerir que um planejamento baseado na Metodologia P+L contribuiu com significativas mudanças no processo produtivo da preparação da merenda escolar. Representando um ganho de eficiência ambiental e econômica significativo com a implantação da Metodologia P+L. Por último, pode-se concluir que a implantação da Metodologia P+L foi significativa para a redução de resíduos sólidos, na melhora da qualidade da merenda escolar e na redução do uso de insumos.
Generalized hydrodynamics in complete box-ball system for $U_q(\widehat{sl}_n)$
Authors: Kuniba Atsuo , Misguich Grégoire , Pasquier Vincent
Published: April 2021

We introduce the complete box-ball system (cBBS),
which is an integrable cellular automaton on 1D lattice associated with
the quantum group U_q(\widehat{sl}_n)Uq(sl̂n).
Compared with the conventional (n-1)(n−1)-color
BBS, it enjoys a remarkable simplification that scattering of solitons
is totally diagonal. We also submit the cBBS to randomized initial
conditions and study its non-equilibrium behavior by thermodynamic Bethe
ansatz and generalized hydrodynamics. Excellent agreement is
demonstrated between theoretical predictions and numerical simulation on
the density plateaux generated from domain wall initial conditions
including their diffusive broadening.
Augmented Reality Using Real-Object Tracking
Authors: Meily Sarah Olivia , Putra I Ketut Gede Darma , Buana Putu Wira
Published: April 2021

Augmented reality applications in tourism usually use images as markers, such as brochures or information boards. However, it is still ineffective because users cannot interact directly with real-objects. This study aims to create applications that more interesting and interactive way which can be used by interacting directly with real-object. This research is located in Taman Ayun Temple, one of the tourism objects that are world cultural heritage in Bali. The application is designed with the real-object tracking augmented reality method using the Wikitude Android SDK platform. The application is built in Indonesian and English. The test results show that the percentage of the recognition of 40 objects from various directions is more than 80%, from a distance of 10 to 40 meters is more than 70%, from a good and moderate lighting condition is more than 80%, and recognize similar objects as a different object.
Research on the impact of environmental regulation on water resources utilization efficiency in China based on the SYS-GMM model
Authors: Wang X. B. , Wang Z. L.
Published: April 2021

The paper uses the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure the water resources utilization efficiency of 30 provinces in China, and then uses the system generalized method of moments (GMM) model to analyze the impact of environmental regulations on China's regional water resources utilization efficiency. Conclusions as follows. (1) The overall water utilization efficiency is low, and the regions are very unbalanced. The more efficient areas are concentrated in the east, and the less efficient areas are in the west. (2) There is a ‘U’-shaped relationship between the intensity of environmental regulation and water resource utilization efficiency, that is, weaker environmental regulation intensity is not conducive to the improvement of water resource utilization efficiency, but when the intensity of environmental regulation crosses the ‘inflection point’, it can promote the improvement of water resources utilization efficiency. (3) The level of economic development has a very significant positive effect on water resources utilization efficiency, and the coefficient of scientific and technological progress is positive, but the impact of scientific and technological input on water resources utilization efficiency is limited and not significant; industrial structure and water resource utilization efficiency shows a negative correlation; water use structure and water resources efficiency show a negative correlation.
Penerapan Test Strip dalam Uji Kontaminan Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Air Bersih
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Kontryana Afrilyani , Kikuchi Akira ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: April 2021

Pengujian kualitas air berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) menggunakan alat-alat khusus yang hanya ada di laboratorium dan harus dioperasikan oleh seorang laboran menyebabkan keterbatasan data yang diperlukan karena memerlukan biaya yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan metode alternatif yang lebih terjangkau dan mudah digunakan dalam uji kualitas air. Dengan menggunakan Test Strip sebagai alat untuk menguji kontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli (E.Coli) dan total coliform pada sampel air bersih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kemampuan penggunaan alat Test Strip diterapkan dalam metode alternatif untuk uji kualitas air yang tidak berdasarkan standar SNI. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif, dimana hasil penelitian berdasarkan pengamatan yang dialami oleh penulis selama menggunakan Test Strip. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Test Strip merupakan alat yang mudah digunakan, terjangkau dan dapat digunakan sebagai alat edukasi mandiri dalam menghasilkan informasi kualitas air bersih dalam uji mikroba pada sampel air, tetapi untuk mendapatkan hasil yang akurat tidak dianjurkan untuk menggunakan alat Test Strip. Penggunaan Test Strip lebih sesuai digunakan untuk kondisi yang cepat atau mendesak sehingga para pengguna dapat melakukan tindakan preventif awal yang lebih cepat terhadap adanya kontaminan bakteri pada air bersih yang biasa dikonsumsi.
PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAK KHAMIR SEBAGAI NUTRISI TAMBAHAN PADA FERMENTASI MOROMI KECAP KEDELAI
Authors:   Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Teknobiologi, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Pangestika Leonie , Lioe Hanifah ,   Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Adawiyah Dede ,   Southeast Asian Food & Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST Center), IPB, Suliantari Suliantari ,   Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Melzer Guido ,   Scientific Affairs Division, Leiber GmbH, Weinreich Bernd ,   Scientific Affairs Division, Leiber GmbH
Published: April 2021

Karakteristik kecap kedelai sangat ditentukan oleh aktivitas mikroorganisme yang terlibat selama fermentasi khususnya pada fermentasi tahap kedua dengan larutan garam. Kedelai merupakan substrat yang tinggi protein, dimana hasil fermentasinya seperti kecap kedelai memiliki rasa yang gurih karena kandungan asam amino bebas dan peptida. Bahan yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme selama fermentasi seperti ekstrak khamir belum pernah diteliti penggunaannya dalam pembuatan kecap kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan ekstrak khamir pada tahap fermentasi garam terhadap karakteristik kimia moromi kecap kedelai. Moromi adalah hasil fermentasi tahap kedua dan disebut kecap kedelai setengah jadi yang belum dimasak dengan gula dan rempah-rempah untuk menghasilkan kecap asin atau kecap manis. Karakteristik moromi yang diinginkan adalah kadar asam glutamat bebas dan padatan terlarut yang tinggi. Pada penelitian ini koji kering difermentasi dalam larutan garam (1:4= koji:larutan garam) 20% b/v secara spontan. Ekstrak khamir ditambahkan ke dalam larutan garam dengan konsentrasi 0 (M0) sebagai kontrol, 0,05 (M1), 0,15 (M2), dan 0,50 (M3) % b/v. Karakteristik kimia dari moromi dievaluasi pada hari ke- 0, 7, dan kemudian setiap dua minggu sekali hingga hari fermentasi ke-63. Hasil analisis data dengan One-Way ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik kimia moromi yang ditambah ekstrak khamir berbeda nyata dengan karakteristik moromi tanpa penambahan ekstrak khamir. Moromi yang ditambah ekstrak khamir 0,50% b/v (M3) memiliki total gula, total asam tertitrasi, dan kadar asam glutamat yang signifikan lebih tinggi dibanding moromi lain (M1 dan M2). Ekstrak khamir dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai nutrisi tambahan bagi mikroorganisme yang berperan dalam proses pembuatan kecap kedelai. Kata kunci: Aktivitas Mikroorganisme; Fermentasi Garam; Ketersediaan Nutrisi; Kualitas Kecap Kedelai
EFEK PENGOLAHAN KONVENSIONAL PADA KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN ORGANOLEPTIK BIJI KABAU (ARCHIDENDRON BUBALINUM)
Authors:   Program Studi Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Ilmu Hayati, Universitas Surya, Fitriani Aprilia , Santoso Umar ,   Jurusan Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Supriyadi Supriyadi ,   Jurusan Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Published: April 2021

Biji kabau merupakan polong-polongan asli Indonesia yang memiliki kandungan protein tinggi. Namun, biji kabau juga memiliki kandungan anti gizi yang tinggi. Oleh karenanya, proses pengolahan perlu dilakukan sebelum biji kabau dikonsumsi untuk menurunkan kandungan senyawa anti gizi di dalamnya. Proses pengolahan tidak hanya memengaruhi kandungan gizi dan anti gizinya, tetapi juga berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik fisik dan organoleptik biji kabau. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perubahan fisik dan organoleptik biji kabau yang telah melalui proses pengolahan konvensional, yaitu perebusan, pengukusan dan penggorengan. Biji kabau diperoleh dari Bengkulu. Ruang lingkup pengujian yaitu analisis warna menggunakan chroma meter dan tingkat kekerasan menggunakan universal testing mechine. Uji hedonik dan deskriptif digunakan untuk Analisis Organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pengolahan secara keseluruhan dapat meningkatkan nilai *L pada warna kulit ari biji kabau. Namun, peningkatan durasi pengolahan justru menurunkan nilai *L pada warna endosperma biji kabau. Peningkatan durasi pengolahan juga menurunkan tingkat kekerasan pada daging biji kabau. Berdasarkan parameter kesukaan secara keseluruhan, panelis menyukai biji kabau kukus 10 menit, biji kabau rebus 6 menit, dan biji kabau goreng 3 menit. Hasil penelitian tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai rujukan bagi masyarakat yang ingin mengonsumsi biji kabau agar memiliki karakteristik fisik dan organoleptik yang disukai. Berdasarkan parameter overall panelis menyukai kabau kukus 10 menit, kabau rebus 6 menit, dan kabau goreng 3 menit. Kata kunci: Kabau; Organoleptik; Tekstur; Warna
INTEGRASI SIKAP MULTIATRIBUT FISHBEIN DAN HOUSE OF QUALITY DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING JERUK LOKAL (CITRUS SP)
Authors:   Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Tarumanagara, Kosasih Wilson , Sriwana Iphov ,   Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Rekayasa Industri, Universitas Telkom, Daywin Frans ,   Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Tarumanagara, Veliria Vera ,   Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Tarumanagara, Salomon Lithrone ,   Program Studi Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Tarumanagara
Published: April 2021

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara penghasil buah jeruk (Citrus sp) terbesar, yaitu mencapai 2.563.490 ton pada tahun 2019, meskipun demikian faktanya buah jeruk merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura impor utama. Kehadiran jeruk impor sebagai kompetitor membuat keberadaan jeruk lokal tergeser sehingga perlu adanya rencana strategis yang membuat jeruk lokal lebih diminati konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi atribut yang dominan berpengaruh pada buah jeruk, daya saing jeruk lokal berdasarkan sikap konsumen, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi daya saingnya, dan juga mengembangkan rencana strategi peningkatan daya saing jeruk lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan model sikap Fishbein, dimana pada prinsipnya sikap seseorang terhadap sebuah objek akan dikenali lewat atribut-atribut yang melekat pada objek tersebut. Responden dalam penelitian ini dipilih secara purposive sampling yaitu penetapan responden berdasarkan kriteria pernah membeli dan mengkonsumsi jeruk baik lokal maupun impor, umur responden minimal 16 tahun dan berdomisili di Jakarta. Hasil studi ini mendemonstrasikan bahwa sikap konsumen pada buah jeruk lokal menunjukkan bahwa keputusan konsumen di Jakarta untuk membeli atau mengkonsumsi buah jeruk lokal didasarkan pada ketertarikan karena harga, ketersediaan, kandungan air dan kesegaran. Secara keseluruhan jeruk impor lebih positif di mata konsumen ditunjukkan dengan 6 dari 10 atribut jeruk impor lebih unggul dibanding jeruk lokal. Pada akhirnya, tindakan rekomendasi yang diprioritaskan untuk jeruk lokal diperoleh dari hasil House of Quality (HOQ) terhadap lima atributnya yang memiliki kualifikasi sedang dan buruk, yaitu aroma, warna, tampilan fisik, kemasan dan merek. Kata kunci: jeruk, atribut, daya saing, Fishbein, HOQ.
A Study of Analysis for Noise Environment and Hearing Loss of Army Aviation Pilots
Authors: Ko Kyucheol , Lee Oyonghyeok , Kim Jinsook , Lee Taewon , Shin Yerim , Lee Hyesook
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The hearing condition of pilots and the level of noise of helicopter were of interest. This study aimed to analyze the noise environment and hearing loss of the pilots of Korean army aviation.Methods: A total of 242 pilots who did not have any middle ear problems or other ear diseases were selected: 34, 69, 70, and 69 from the age group 20, 30, 40, and 50, respectively. The physical examination records of hearing test from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed. The noise environment was measured at the two indoor positions of pilot and crew and one outside position which was 1 m away from the 8 helicopters owned by Korean army aviation: 500MD, UH-1H, UH-60, KUH-1, AH-1S, BO-105, CH-47, AH-64.Results: The thresholds of pilots were statistically different in term of frequency, age, and flight time (p < 0.05). The range of measured noise level of helicopters at the position of pilot, crew, and outside were 88.6 (AH-1S)-104.1 dB A (CH-47), 93.9 (UH-1H)-108.6 dB A (CH-47), 105 (500MD, AH-1S)-109 dB A (AH-64). When compared hearing thresholds of the pilots to normal groups according to age groups, they were higher at 6 kHz and lower at 0.5 kHz for all age groups.Conclusion: The hearing thresholds of Korean army aviation pilots increased as age and flight time were increased while showing the typical noise-induced hearing loss with high frequency involvement. We suggest that hearing protection education should be provided and the appropriate hearing conservation program should be established for pilot hearing health care in the future.