bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De-escalation strategies of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Song Young Bin
Published: April 2022

Antiplatelet therapy is important for reducing systemic and local thrombotic events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Antiplatelet treatment regimens, along with dual antiplatelet therapy consisting of aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor for patients receiving PCI, have frequently changed over the years. With improvements in the understanding of the prognostic relevance of bleeding events in patients with PCI, as well as the safety and efficacy of drug-eluting stents, several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted on antiplatelet treatment strategies associated with a more favorable balance between ischemic and bleeding risks. Several key RCTs for appropriate antiplatelet therapy in patients receiving PCI for ACS have been reported, and practical guidelines have been updated. This manuscript presents the results of major RCTs on de-escalation strategies of dual antiplatelet treatment in patients receiving PCI for ACS.
Targets for rescue from fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity in pancreatic beta cells
Authors: Hong Seok-Woo , Lee Won-Young
Published: April 2022

A persistent intake of excess calories increases plasma levels of free fatty acids, particularly the saturated form that has been shown to exert toxic effects on pancreatic beta cells by inducing dysfunction and apoptosis (i.e., lipotoxicity). An insufficient supply of insulin due to beta cell failure is a major factor in the onset and progression of type 2 diabetes; therefore, it is crucial to understand the cellular mechanisms of lipotoxicity to prevent beta cell failure. Many studies on the effects of lipotoxicity have demonstrated the various factors responsible for beta cell impairment, but the mechanisms of dysfunction and apoptosis resulting from lipotoxicity have not been fully described. This review discusses lipotoxicity-induced alterations of cellular mechanisms, and assesses drugs such as incretin mimetics, thiazolidinedione, and clusterin. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of lipotoxicity-induced beta cell failure is useful in guiding the development of new therapeutic targets for diabetes treatment.
A family of a new subclass of fourth-order band-pass filters
Authors: Butyrlagin Nikolay , Denisenko Darya , Prokopenko Nikolay
Published: April 2022

Circuit solutions for a new subclass of fourth-order band-pass filters have been developed, which are implemented on operational amplifiers and have, among other things, paraphase outputs. Basic equations for their transfer function are obtained. In the Micro-Cap environment, computer simulation of the amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC) was carried out, which shows the possibility of independent adjustment, adjustment of the bandwidth, uneven AFC and center frequency gain.
Comparative Analysis of 72 Flyback Transformers on 5τ Non-linear Battery with Loss Functions - Part III
Authors: Bansal Abhishek
Published: April 2022

This is the final part of the three part series paper where the novel idea of representing flyback transformer losses as loss functions using hyperbolic secant spline interpolation,determination of the flyback transformer core saturation and instability in the control feedback loop from the loss function using Lyapunov method has been presented with scientific proof and validity. In this paper, the comparative analysis of 36 different flyback transformers from 30W to 85W is being presented.These two-winding transformers are operated in continuous/discontinuous mode,switched from MOSFET controlled by microcontroller from 60 kHz to 97 kHz. Eighteen wattage’s which are used internationally at different voltage and current ratings have been analyzed on fifteen different cores - EEL22, EE25, EEL25,EF25, EE28, EER28, EER28L, EE35, RM8/I, ETD29/16/10,ETD34/17/11, E25/13/7, PR30x19, ATQ27/18, RM12/I.
Unknown Face Presentation Attack Detection via Localised Learning of Multiple Kernels
Authors: Rahimzadeh Arashloo Shervin
Published: April 2022

The paper studies face spoofing, a.k.a. presentation attack detection (PAD) in the demanding scenarios of unknown attacks. While earlier studies have revealed the benefits of ensemble methods, and in particular, a multiple kernel learning (MKL) approach to the problem, one limitation of such techniques is that they typically treat the entire observation space similarly and ignore any variability and \textit{local} structure inherent to the data. This work studies this aspect of face presentation attack detection with regards to one-class multiple kernel learning to benefit from the intrinsic local structure in bona fide samples to adaptively weight each representation in the composite kernel. More concretely, inspired by the success of the one-class Fisher null formalism, we formulate a convex \textit{localised} multiple kernel learning algorithm by imposing a joint matrix-norm constraint on the collection of local kernel weights and infer locally adaptive weights for zero-shot one-class unseen attack detection.

We present a theoretical study of the proposed localised MKL algorithm using Rademacher complexities to characterise its generalisation capability and demonstrate the advantages of the proposed technique over some other options. An assessment of the proposed approach on general object image datasets illustrates its efficacy for abnormality and novelty detection while the results of the experiments on face PAD datasets verify its potential in detecting unknown/unseen face presentation attacks.
An Overview on Growth & Development of ASEAN Countries
Authors: Gahlot Dr. Ruchika
Published: April 2022

The main idea behind this study report is to understand the economic growth as well as the developmental prospects of the ASEAN economy. The study focuses on giving brief information about the ASEAN to the reader and also giving a picture that is as true as possible about the current economic and developmental scenario in the region. The study is entirely based on secondary sources of information. During the study it was found that most of the ASEAN nations which are considered to be manufacturing oriented have been shedding their image. The services sector currently employs more people than the industries sector in most of the countries. The services sector has been growing at a faster pace and can replace the industries and manufacturing sectors as the largest contributor to the ASEAN economy in the coming years. The industries like financial services, consumer goods, telecommunications have been broadening their markets rapidly and extensively due to a large consumer bas that has been formed in the ASEAN.
Using Mother-Tongue in Teaching of Science and Technology: Reference to the North-East and North-West Geo-Political Zones, Nigeria
Authors: Ojoo Saidu Yahaya , Moyi Mudassir Ismaila
Published: April 2022

This work conducted a study of language medium and the teaching of science and technology through the medium of mother-tongue in North-East and North-West Geo-Political Zones, Nigeria. a case study research design was used in collecting data for the study. We investigated some selected public primary school students in the two geo-political zones of the North-East and North-West. There are an estimated 100,000 primary school students in the two zones. Each zone is stratified along with the component. 18 schools were selected at random for the study from each geo-political zone. A minimum of 30 students were equally selected at random from each school from the zone under investigation. Questionnaires, oral interviews, and informal interactions were employed simultaneously to elicit information. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis which holds that our thoughts are shaped by our native languages; and that speakers of different languages, therefore, think differently was used as the theoretical framework of analysis. The work discovered among other things that the science and technology learning area has various challenges as pointed out by the participants. On the whole, the work concludes that the people’s language is not only part of their socio-cultural heritage; it is the natural medium of thought, expression, and communication within that culture.
A Study on PBL’s Application in New Standard College English Integrated Course 3
Authors: An Guoping , Wu Yan
Published: April 2022

PBL (Project-Based Learning) is a student-centered approach in which learning is organized by means of projects. Students are required to explore problems with their teammates collaboratively and to display their output project. In this study, PBL has been conducted in three classes of North China Electric Power University (Baoding) for one semester to probe whether PBL serves as an effective way to combine explicit teaching content with implicit ideological and political education. Based on a questionnaire and in-depth interview, the results show that PBL enables value education to exert the impact on students’ development.
Microbial Assisted Bioremediation of Polluted Water
Authors: Saleem Aisha , Naureen Irum , Tasleem Gulnaz , Anwar Rabia , Mairaj Mahnoor , Muddassar Huma , Rana Nadia Jamshaid
Published: April 2022

Bioremediation is a process to remove or detoxify contaminant present in the environment by certain biomolecules or biomass to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules. Water pollution is an issue of great concern worldwide, and it can be broadly divided into three main categories, that is, contamination by organic compounds, inorganic compounds (e.g., heavy metals), and microorganisms. A wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae, can act as biologically active methylators, which are able to at least modify toxic species. Microorganisms cannot destroy metals, they can alter their chemical properties via a surprising array of mechanisms. Different factors affect bioremediation include environmental factor biological factor, availability of nutrients, temperature, ph, and toxic compounds. Among organic pollutants, hydrocarbons may enter in water either directly by spills or effluents or indirectly from atmosphere. These metals are extremely sensitive at low concentrations and can be stored in food webs, posing a serious public health risk. Several microorganisms (natural/exotic/ engineered) having specific metabolic capability and various enzyme production ability which fall under six main divisions include Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases and Ligases (synthetases) are used during bioremediation process. The heavy metals associated with environmental contamination, for instance, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr), which are potentially hazardous to ecosystems. The types of microorganisms that are used in bioremediation processes due to their natural capacity to biosorb toxic heavy metal ions.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Herbal Medicines in General Public of Raichur, Karnataka
Authors: Mohammed Sarfaraz , Sabu Praise Marine , Parveen Asma , H Doddayya
Published: April 2022

Nature has given a large source of medicinal agents from plants for the past thousands of years, an impressive number of modern drugs have been isolated from natural sources. The plant-based, traditional medicine system continues to play an essential role in health care, with about 80% of the world’s inhabitants relying mainly on traditional medicines for their primary health care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice towards herbal medicine (HM) in Raichur district of Karnataka. A descriptive, validated cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted for a period of six months. The survey was divided into 3 themes and comprised of 30 items that gathered information about the knowledge, attitude and practice of respondents toward herbal medicines. Approximately 50.5% of the respondents believed that herbal medications are better than commercially available prescription and over-the-counter drugs. Majority (72.5%) of them reported that they did not visit physicians for their complementary and alternative medicine use. The most common influences for using this type of treatment were family (65%) followed by the internet (29.6%). The most commonly reported herbal medicines used were tulsi (65.9%) and ginger (54.4%). More than half of the respondents (59.8%) reported that cough/cold is the most common ailment for using HM. The study revealed a high prevalence of HM use among general public of north Karnataka. More awareness and education about risks and complications of HM use are needed for general public.
Toxicological Profile of Poisoning Cases in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Radhakrishnan Arathy , George Jesmi , S Amith. , Panicker Mr. Naveen Kumar , Upendran Dr. Binu
Published: April 2022

Our objectives were to identify the most common type and class of poisons, management, lab parameters affected, presence of underlying psychiatric illness, average hospital stay and complications.Retrospective observational study was conducted including all patients who presented with poisoning from 2016 to 2020.From 210 patients reviewed, consisting of 125 females and 85 males, intentional poisoning accounted for 149 cases while accidental poisoning accounted for 61 cases.133 cases were due to drug, 44 cases due to household products, 21 due to insecticide while alcohol, plant and chemical accounted for 4 cases each. Paracetamol was the most commonly misused drug. Most of the patients were managed with supportive measures alone. Antidotes were used in 32 cases. 52 of the intentional and 4 of the accidental poisoning had underlying psychiatric illness. Anticonvulsant poisoning had highest average hospital stay.Only mild variations were observed in lab parameters.11 patients developed complications due to poisoning.
Acute Tumor Lysis Syndrome: A Review of 100 Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Afrin Dr. Tanjina , Yunus Dr. A B M , Aziz Dr. Abdul , Sharmin Dr. Mahbuba , Shah Dr. Salahuddin , Kabir Dr. Amin Lutful , Masud Dr. Md. Adnan Hasan , Islam Dr. Shahidul , Islam Dr. Kazi Md Kamrul
Published: April 2022

Background: ALL is a malignancy of B or T lymphoblasts which is characterized by unrestrained spread of abnormal, immature lymphocytes and their progenitors which results in the replacement of bone marrow and other lymphoid organs subsequently. Methods: This study was a observational cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Hematology, in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study period was from October 2019- September 2020. The sample size for this study was 100. Result: Most of the respondents 53(53%) were from <20 years and the mean age was 30±11.18. The female was 68(68%) and male was 32(32%). Fever was found in 100% cases and Progressive pallor in 98%. Bony tenderness was found in 58 cases and followed by Splenomegaly 48, Lymphadenopathy in 46, Oral ulcer in 46, Hepatomegaly in 36. The range of Total WBC count (x109/L) was (6-435) and the Mean±SD was 52.51±78.70 and followed by Hb% (gm/dl) was (4.1-13.4) and 9.25±1.49, Platelet (x109/L) was (5-20000) and 505.20±2815.29. S. uric acid (mg/dL) was (1.40-30.03) and 5.76±4.61. S. inorganic phosphate (mg/dL) was (2.30-7.70) and 4.19±1.20. S. potassium (mmol/L) (2.50-5.40) and 3.92±0.56. S. calcium (mg/dL) was (1.10-11.80) and 8.33±2.08. S. creatinine (mg/dL) was (0.19-3.59) and 89±0.55. In 72% TLS was absent and in 28% was present. Conclusions: Rapid spread of TLS often causes severe toxic effects on organs, which leads to renal impairment, epilepsy, cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary edema, and even death.
Study Abroad and Student Decision Making in Times of COVID: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Basterretxea Santiso Gorka , Sanz Cristina
Published: April 2022

The impacts of Covid-19 on Study abroad (SA) are deep and widespread and potentially affect the factors that guide US undergraduate students’ choices as they relate to SA. To investigate them, the present study relies on the MSA (Motivation to SA questionnaire: Anderson & Lawton, 2015) and adds two new groups of factors: language learning and health. To observe changes in the relative weight of factors before and during the pandemic, responses to two different versions of the MSA from 83 students who had participated in SA prior to the pandemic were compared. Results from statistical analyses show stability in the ranking of importance of factors pre- and during pandemic, except for health-related factors, which come second after world enlightenment. In addition, interviews show that while students view immersive SA as a significant experience for its contribution to their personal and intellectual development, they do not consider virtual SA a real SA experience.
Abstract in Spanish
Los impactos del Covid-19 en los programas de estudio en el extranjero son amplios y profundos y potencialmente afectan los factores que guían la decisión de los estudiantes de grado en EE.UU. a la hora de estudiar en otro país. Para poder investigarlo, el presente estudio utiliza el MSA (el cuestionario Motivation to Study Abroad: Anderson & Lawton, 2015) y añade dos nuevos grupos de factores: aprendizaje de lenguas y salud. Para observar cambios en la importancia relativa de los factores antes y durante la pandemia, se han comparado las respuestas a dos diferentes versiones del MSA de 83 estudiantes que estudiaron en el extranjero antes de la pandemia. Los resultados de los análisis estadísticos muestran estabilidad en el orden de importancia de los factores antes y durante la pandemia, con la excepción de los factores relacionados con la salud, que se encuentran en segundo lugar después de los factores relacionados con la formación global. Además, las entrevistas sugieren que mientras que los estudiantes consideran la inmersión en el extranjero como una experiencia importante para su desarrollo personal e intelectual, no consideran los programas virtuales como una experiencia real de aprendizaje en el extranjero.
Recent Trends in Power Electronics for Renewable energy Systems
Authors: Ramya M. V. , Ramya G. , Thiruburasundari V. , Ramadevi N.
Published: April 2022

The complete world is focused on renewable power to reduce the global energy issue. Power electronic based energy conversion is being used extensively to improve the efficiency of the renewable energy conversion. It has a significant impact on the control and interface of renewable energy systems with both the network and stand-alone applications. As a result, increasing attention is being placed on the design and implementation of power converters. This study discusses the renewable energy systems (wind and solar) and the features of their energy conversion. The fundamental principles underlying their operations are discussed, as well as their recent technological advancements. It is a fact that power electronics is critical for interfacing and thus improving the system capacity.
SOCIO – ECONOMIC STATUS OF THE SCHEDULED TRIBES IN TELANGANA
Authors: Parelli Sreenivas
Published: April 2022

Tribes are one of the many divergent groups that make up the Indian population. They continue to be disadvantaged primarily because they have been considered the smallest segment of Indian society since olden history. Cultural and geographic exclusion, a lack of appropriate healthcare facilities, an inability to meet basic needs, a loss of control over resources and assets, a lack of skills and education, poor nutrition, a lack of affordable housing, poor clean water and sanitation, insecurity to shocks, violence and crime, a denial of available to proper infrastructure facilities and technologies, and a lack of political freedom and voice are all factors that continue to disadvantage tribes. All of these obstacles can make life difficult for them. In light of these issues, the government is attempting to assist the tribes through various welfare schemes.
The purpose of the study was to learn about the socioeconomic status of tribal people in the Bhadradri kothagudem district. To learn about their socio-cultural status, primary data were collected through a series of structured questionnaires. Discussions were held with tribal elders who were wise and insightful, and secondary data was gathered by reading tribal magazine articles and background. According to the findings of this study, the tribal’s socioeconomic situation has improved day by day. Though there are some issues in the area, such as poor communication, joblessness, power generation, social security, and clean drinking water, the primary education and health commonly known as to be adequate, and the socio-cultural bonding between tribes is also very powerful.
KEYWORDS: Scheduled Tribes, Socio-Economic Status, Koya, Lambada, Bhadradri District.
Sistem Pakar Menentukan Penyakit Pada Tanaman Kelengkeng Dengan Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor
Authors: Mulyana Jajang
Published: April 2022

Tanaman kelengkeng atau disebut dengan Kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan L.) bukan tanaman asli dari Indonesia, melainkan tanaman kelengkeng itu berasal dari negeri Cina. Walaupun tanaman kelengkeng bukan berasal dari Indonesia, namun tanaman kelengkeng ini mampu tumbuh dan berproduksi dengan baik di negara Indonesia seperti di daerah Tropis. Buah kelengkeng saat ini merupakan salah satu komuditas buah yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Namun buah kelengkeng cenderung mudah terserang berbagai penyakit yang menyebabkan mati dan gagalnya produksi sehingga menimbulkan kerugian bagi petani dan masyarakat. Kurangnya pengetahuan informasi tentang penyakit tanaman kelengkeng ini dan cara mengatasinya menjadi penyebab utama penyakit pada tanaman kelengkeng. Hal ini pun bisa menyebabkan penurunan produksi dan budidaya tanaman kelengkeng. Dengan kemajuan perkembangan teknologi saat ini dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kelengkeng salah satunya adalah sistem pakar agar masyarakat dan petani mampu mendeteksi penyakit kelengkeng dan mencari solusi tepat, sehingga produksi dan budidaya buah kelengkeng meningkat. Dalam membangun sistem, penulis menggunakan metode Certainty Factor, menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem (SDLC) waterfall serta pendekatan Object Oriented Approach (OOA).
On $(q^2+q+1)$-Sets of Plane-Type $(m, n, r)_2$ in $\mathrm{PG}(3, q)$
Authors: Napolitano Vito
Published: April 2022

In this paper (q2+q+1)(q2+q+1)-sets of points in PG(3,q)PG(3,q) of type (m,n,r)(m,n,r) with respect to planes are studied, and as a by-product for qq odd a characterization of quadratic cones is obtained.
USING FLASHCARDS TO IMPROVE RUMAH CITTA LABSCHOOL STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY
Authors: Wening Elizabeth Atyasanti Sekar
Published: April 2022

Vocabulary plays an important role in learning English. Improving vocabulary especially for children is needed to prepare them for their future. There is a media named flashcards that can be used to learn English for children and make the learning process more fun. This research aims to know how flashcards improve Rumah Citta Labschool students’ vocabulary. There are two research questions: 1) How are flashcards implemented to improve Rumah Citta Labschool students’ vocabulary? and 2) How do flashcards improve Rumah Citta Labschool students’ vocabulary? The researcher used Classroom Action Research as the methodology. In this research, there were seven participants. They were five students of English Club and two educators who were chosen by the school as the collaborators to avoid bias. In order to collect the data, the researcher used some instruments; they were field note observation, pre-test and post-test. The data of this research were in the form of qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data were taken from the observation result and quantitative data were taken from the pre-test and post-test results. There was an increase in the average score from the pre-test to the posttest. It showed that using flashcards has really improved Rumah Citta Labschool students’ vocabulary.
APPLYING POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT TO INCREASE STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH FOR GRADE VII IN SMP PANGUDI LUHUR 1 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Dyah Emmelia , Angelina Patricia
Published: April 2022

This research aims to find out how the positive reinforcement is given to motivate the seventh grade students in SMP Pangudi Luhur 1 Yogyakarta and to explain the benefits of applying positive reinforcement. In order to answer the two research problems; how is positive reinforcement given to motivate the students in SMP Pangudi Luhur 1 Yogyakarta and what are the benefits of applying positive reinforcement in SMP Pangudi Luhur 1 Yogyakarta, the researcher used mixed-method for this research. The researcher used three theories in order to answer the first and second research problems. For the first problem, the researcher used the theory from Becker, Engelman, and Thomas (1975) which explained about the ways of apply positive reinforcement.Meanwhile, the theories from Al-Tamimi and Shuib (2009) and Maehr (1984) which defined about the benefits of applying positive reinforcement were used to answer the second research problem. Those threetheories used as the foundation in making observation checklist and questionnaire. The researcher applied Classroom Action Research (CAR) for this research.  The research showed that applying positive reinforcement in the form of giving praise and extra score was used by English tutor to motivate the students in learning English.
AN ANALYSIS ON ENGLISH LOANWORDS IN AKB48 SONGS
Authors: Danardana Michael Dony
Published: April 2022

There are vast amount of English loanwords in Japanese language than other languages. It is in contradistinction to the fact that Japanese language itself has a distant difference in terms of phonology, syntax, pragmatics and discourse from English. Certainly, the borrowing of English words in Japanese language involves some loanword transformations in order to fit its language system. In order to discover those, first, the researcher reviews the relevant literature of the loanword transformations in Japanese. Then, the researcher analyses the types of loanwords transformation from English loanwords production of 5 AKB48 songs. Document analysis was used in this research. The result shows that phonological transformation is the dominant type used in the songs.
STUDENTS’ PROFILES THROUGH LEARNING APPROACHES USING BIGGS’ STUDY PROCESS QUESTIONNAIRE
Authors: Astika Gusti , Sumakul Toar Y. G.
Published: April 2022

A number of studies show that students' approaches to learning are important elements to achieve success. Learning approache provides perspectives on the characterisics of good learners. Using R-SPQ-2F (Biggs, Kember, & Leung, 2001), a revised version of Biggs' (1987) Study Process Questionnaire (SPQ), this study attempted to  explore the learning approaches of first year students of 2013 academic year at an English Education Program at a private university in Central Java. The purpose of the study was to find out if there was a correlation between the students' approaches to learning and their achievement in an Integrated Course (IC), and describe the profile of their approaches to learning English in the first semester. From 151 respondents participated in this study, it was found that, although weak, there was a positive correlation between students’ achievement scores and their Deep Approach to learning, and a negative correlation between their IC scores and their Surface Approach to learning. This study also found that Deep Motive was associated with the students' achievement. However, the students' profile based on SPQ   indicated that the study could not predict the students at risk. Other factors could have affected the students' achievement in their learning.
CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ANXIETY AND THEIR SPEAKING PERFORMANCE IN AN EFL CONTEXT
Authors: Amaliah Rahma Faridila
Published: April 2022

Numerous studies have been conducted in investigating the role of foreign language speaking anxiety on students’ performance; facilitating (positive) or debilitating (negative) effects. Unfortunately, previous studies on this issue show that language anxiety negatively affected students’ performance in most cases. This study aimed to find out the correlation between speaking anxiety and speaking performance in EFL context and investigating the major stressors of English speaking anxiety perceived by the students involved in this study. Mixed method was applied in this study. Then, three instruments were used to collect the data; a questionnaire named FLCAS (Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale), an interview, and a speaking test. The finding showed that there was no significant relationship between speaking anxiety and speaking performance. Furthermore, based on the finding from FLCAS and interview, the major stressors of speaking anxiety perceived by the participants were resulting from comparing one’s speaking skill to others, getting a spontaneous question, being concerned if they were grammatically incorrect and used wrong pronunciation, not understanding what the teacher said, and being unable to convey something in the target language. These major stressors were basically stemmed from fear of negative evaluation and communication apprehension.
FOSTERING LANGUAGE LEARNER AUTONOMY THROUGH THE INVOLVEMENT OF ICT: TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION
Authors: Rinekso Aji Budi , Kurniawan Eri
Published: April 2022

Learner autonomy has become a key issue in promoting effective language teaching. Besides, ICT has contributed to the betterment of English language teaching. In fact, there is still limited research which focuses on investigating English teachers’ perception on the use of ICT to promote learner autonomy. This study aimed to investigate the English teachers’ perception on the involvement of ICT for promoting learner autonomy. A Qualitative research design was employed in this study. The data were collected through online questionnaires and interviews. Thirty English teachers were voluntarily involved to participate in this research. The results of the study revealed that the majority of the English teachers saw ICT as an opportunity for them to promote learner autonomy since it helped the students to be more independent and engaged with the lessons. Further research focusing on students’ perspectives about learner autonomy was suggested to enrich the literature of language learner autonomy.
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ANXIETY IN ACADEMIC SPEAKING CLASS
Authors: Damayanti Maria Eva , Listyani Listyani
Published: April 2022

The study aimed to gain information about what made students felt anxious and what factors triggered students’ speaking anxiety in Academic Speaking class in English Language Education Program (ELEP) in a private university in Central Java, Indonesia. The participants of the study were 52 second-year ELEP students. A close-ended and open-ended questionnaire developed from Horwitz et al, (1986) and Angelia and Listyani (2019) were administered to the participants. The findings revealed that students’ speaking anxiety in English speaking class was derived from three main factors of anxiety, i.e. communication apprehension, test anxiety and fear of negative evaluation. Moreover, as the questionnaires answers and interview data revealed, lack of vocabulary, underestimate their ability, lack of preparation, being afraid of making mistakes, and worried of being embarassed at by his/her friends had also contributed to students’ anxiety in speaking. These findings suggest that the teachers’ role is very important in this situation. Students and teachers could build a positive classroom atmosphere in order to overcome students’ anxiety.
EFFECT OF DUOLINGO APPLICATION ON STUDENTS’ ENGLISH VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Aulia Husnur Rosyidah , Wahjuningsih Eka , Andayani Rika
Published: April 2022

This paper examined the effect of Duolingo application on students English vocabulary mastery using quasi-experimental with post-test only design. The participant of this research was the eighth-grade students in one of junior high school in Jember. In this study, the experimental group got treatment by using Duolingo application; meanwhile, the control group taught as usual by using flashcard as the media. The data was collected from vocabulary test and was analyzed by using SPSS with independent sample t-test. The result showed a significant difference between students who use Duolingo application and who didnt with the value of significance (0.017) which was less than 0.05 and the mean score of the experimental group (84.69) was higher than the mean score of the control group (80.78). This demonstrates that using Duolingo Application has a significant effect on students’ vocabulary mastery.
Mitigating Climate Change Impacts in Buildings using Passive Design Strategies: Putting Costs to Contexts
Authors: Ekung Samuel , Ikediashi Isaac , Emmanuel Ukanwa
Published: April 2022

Across the global construction industry, climate change mitigation is achieved using design and construction practices that optimise energy efficiency. The scope of these practices varies with regional contexts. In Nigeria and other regions, their adoption is slow due to the absence of cost benchmarks to drive their implementation decisions. In this study, we appraised the first cost premium (FCP) and the payback periods of selected passive designs strategies (PDS) in retrofitted residential buildings. Using cost data from two categories of 150 retrofitted residential building designs, analytical estimating processes showed that integrating five PDS would attract FCP totaling ₦ 3,612.17/m2 and ₦ 9,250.00/m2 for bungalow and maisonette buildings. Procuring these FCPs also has varying levels of reduction in energy consumption that are necessary to mitigate the impacts of climate change. The financial benefits in energy savings from two PDS (roof insulation and overhang) could only pay-off the FCP for bungalows with cost-savings of 81%, while reducing the FCP for maisonettes by 70% in one year. The discounted FCP after one year becomes zero for the bungalow and ₦ 2,650.00/m2 for the maisonette. The short-term payback periods provide a significant incentive for developers to adopt energy-efficient designs in building development.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE PENSION saving MARKET: BEHAVIORAL ASPECT OF GENERATION Z
Authors: Gorlovskaya Irina Georgiyevna , Reutova Irina Mikhaylovna
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the development of the pension savings market in the Russian Federation. The population is one of the key participants in the pension savings market. The authors investigate the factors, conditions and incentives for the development of the pension savings market. Factors and conditions form the preconditions for the development of the Russian market for pension savings. The conditions for the functioning of participants in the pension savings market are formed by the state. Market prospects are linked to Generation Z. Factors and conditions, together with incentives, create incentives for Generation Z to accumulate retirement. The study includes some statistical data on key indicators of the Russian pension savings market and some results of a study of the behavior and attitudes of generation Z to the pension savings market. Analysis of statistical data showed a decrease in institutional participants in the pension savings market, which is due to objective and subjective factors, as well as the tightening of conditions for the functioning of participants in the pension savings market. The results of the study make it possible to reveal the reasons for the emerging vector of development of the pension savings market, to determine the level of financial literacy of generation Z in relation to the pension savings market, and to determine the attitude towards this market. The study shows that without the activation of factors, incentives and conditions, generation Z will not begin to form a demand for the services of non-state pension funds. Economic and institutional factors influence Gen Z’s attitudes towards retirement savings. The behavioral aspect of generation Z in the pension savings market should be taken into account by the state when creating conditions for the development of the pension savings market.
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FINANCIAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ITS IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Blazhevich Oleg Georgievich , Safonova Natalia Sergeevna
Published: April 2022

In the context of globalization and digitalization of financial relations, the role of the financial market is increasing. The study of the financial market today is very relevant, since it is the most important part of the financial system of the state. The degree and level of its development depends on how efficiently and in a timely manner the country’s strategic tasks will be carried out.
The article presents a comprehensive assessment of the financial market of the Russian Federation, which consists of indicators of the development of the credit, stock, insurance and monetary markets. The best and worst years by the level of development have been determined.
To identify the prospects for increasing the level of development of the financial market, a SWOT analysis of the financial market of modern Russia was carried out, which made it possible to conclude that strengths prevail in the Russian Federation, but there are many weaknesses and threats of the external environment. Taken together, the field of strengths and opportunities prevails over the field of weaknesses and threats. Consequently, the Russian Federation has development prospects, but for further development it needs to use its strengths to neutralize threats.
Based on the analysis of data from statistical sources and analysis of economic literature, measures are proposed to strengthen and improve the credit, stock, insurance and foreign exchange markets.
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Tennessee
Authors: Hill Brandt P. , Gainer Hugh
Published: April 2022

There were no decisions by federal or state courts in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, or Tennessee between fall 2020 and fall 2021 di- rectly relevant to oil and gas companies or operations. However, there were several decisions that may nonetheless be of interest to the in- dustry, including two opinions by the United States Supreme Court in water-rights cases. We discuss these opinions below.
Texas: Survey of Selected 2021 Oil and Gas Cases and Statutes
Authors: Farrar William D.
Published: April 2022

The Texas Supreme Court was quite active in 2021, issuing several oil and gas opinions; however, two were quite controversial, drawing numerous amicus curie from industry groups, oil and gas attorneys, and academia. In Concho Resources, Inc. v Ellison, the court held that a subsequently executed, inconsistent instrument, even without words of grant, may divest a record mineral title. And, in Broadway National Bank v. Yates Energy Corp., the court held that prior title holders may divest a current record title holder of their title by executing a correction deed without the joinder of, or notice to, the present record title holder.
Reflexiones en torno a la actualidad de Peirce
Authors: Aizpún Bobadilla Teresa
Published: April 2022

La ciencia es según Peirce una actividad social. ¿Cómo podemos justificar esa afirmación desde nuestra perspectiva actual y qué implicaciones tiene?
Career of the Captain of the Soviet Icebreaker Fleet B.N. Makarov
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Bronnikov Vitaliy L. ,   St. Petersburg Branch of World Ocean Museum – Icebeaker Krassin
Published: April 2022

This paper attempts to reconstruct the career of one of the prominent captains of the Soviet icebreaker fleet, Boris N. Makarov. Up to date, Makarov’s biography, unlike the biographies of his famous contemporaries, representatives of the first generation of Soviet polar captains (P.A. Ponomarev, M.P. Belousov, V.I. Voronin, A.P. Melekhov, etc.), has not been studied. Meanwhile, his life’s journey was quite typical of the period of the foundation of the Soviet icebreaker fleet. The article traces Makarov’s entire career: a cabin boy, a sailor, a navigator, a chief mate, and a captain. On the basis of the documents from his personal collection, the chronology of Makarov’s service on more than fifteen ships, including icebreakers and icebreaking steamers, was restored. The research demonstrates Makarov’s outstanding role in the exploration of the Arctic during the pre-war period (the rescue expedition for the icebreaking steamer G. Sedov) and during the Great Patriotic War (work along the Northern Sea Route on the icebreaking steamer Montcalm and passing the complete route in 1943–1944) as well as in post-war redeployments of Soviet Navy units as part of special-purpose expeditions. Further, the paper points out the captain’s highest awards, including the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner of Labour, and the Order of the Red Star. Makarov’s recreated career complements a number of well-known biographies of Soviet icebreaker captains, heroes of the Arctic exploration. In addition, the article provides updated information on when the icebreaker Yermak was repaired in Antwerp and new details about post-war special-purpose expeditions to transfer large ship formations between the fleets, in two of which (no. 71 in 1961–1962 and no. 73 in 1963) Makarov participated. The paper is based on the materials from the collections of the St. Petersburg Branch of World Ocean Museum – Icebeaker Krassin, which had not been previously introduced into scientific discourse.
Fears as a Socio-Psychological Phenomenon in Cold War Film Propaganda
Authors:   V.I. Vernadskiy Crimean Federal University, Prosolova Ekaterina V.
Published: April 2022

This article examines the role and place of film propaganda in the formation of specific fears in mass consciousness during the Cold War. The study focuses on characteristic narrative models, which were used by Soviet and American state propaganda to create a simplified perception of the enemy. Based on more than 150 films for the period of 1946–1991, an attempt is made to analyse the typical film plot structures that create, support and spread public fears of the enemy. Four types of fear are singled out: fear of alienation, hidden enemy, occupation, and nuclear war. Each of them had a significant impact on mass consciousness and formed the basis for the development of sophisticated propaganda models. Further, the dynamics of changes in public opinion over the decades on issues related to clear threats – nuclear war, occupation, actions of spies and saboteurs – is demonstrated. The paper establishes a direct link between foreign policy events of the Cold War and transformations of film propaganda, which actively used these events for its purposes. As a result, the initially reasonable fears among the population were consolidated with the help of various tools of influence, including cinematography, and existed through the late 20th century. Based on the analysis carried out, the author concludes that fears reflected in film propaganda played a significant role in stereotyping and mythologizing the mind. The phenomenon of self-reproduction of this type of ideological influence indicates its relevance at the present stage of Russian-American relations.
Crossed functional specialization between the basal ganglia and cerebellum during vocal emotion decoding: Insights from stroke and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Thomasson Marine , Benis Damien , Voruz Philippe , Saj Arnaud , Vérin Marc , Assal Frédéric , Grandjean Didier , Péron Julie
Published: April 2022

There is growing evidence that both the basal ganglia and the cerebellum play functional roles in emotion processing, either directly or indirectly, through their connections with cortical and subcortical structures. However, the lateralization of this complex processing in emotion recognition remains unclear. To address this issue, we investigated emotional prosody recognition in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (model of basal ganglia dysfunction) or cerebellar stroke patients, as well as in matched healthy controls (n = 24 in each group). We analysed performances according to the lateralization of the predominant brain degeneration/lesion. Results showed that a right (basal ganglia and cerebellar) hemispheric dysfunction was likely to induce greater deficits than a left one. Moreover, deficits following left hemispheric dysfunction were only observed in cerebellar stroke patients, and these deficits resembled those observed after degeneration of the right basal ganglia. Additional analyses taking disease duration / time since stroke into consideration revealed a worsening of performances in patients with predominantly right-sided lesions over time. These results point to the differential, but complementary, involvement of the cerebellum and basal ganglia in emotional prosody decoding, with a probable hemispheric specialization according to the level of cognitive integration.
Immunization of mice with gold nanoparticles conjugated to thermostable tumor antigens prevents tumor development during transplantation
Authors: Staroverov Sergey A , Kozlov Sergey V , Fomin Alexander S , Chumakov Daniil S , Gabalov Konstantin P , Kozlov Yevgeny S , Soldatov Dmitry A , Dykman Lev A
Published: April 2022

Gold nanoparticles as part of vaccines greatly increase antigen stability, antigen accumulation in the lymph nodes, and antigen uptake by antigen-presenting cells. The use of such particles as part of anticancer vaccines based on heat shock proteins to increase vaccine effectiveness is timely. We prepared and characterized nanoconjugates based on 15-nm gold nanoparticles and thermostable tumor antigens isolated from MH22a murine hepatoma cells. BALB/c mice were injected with the conjugates and then received transplants of MH22a cells. The immunized mice showed no signs of tumor growth for 24 days. They also showed decreased production of the INF-γ, IL-6, and IL-1 proinflammatory cytokines, as compared to the mice immunized through other schemes. This study is the first to show that it is possible in principle to use gold nanoparticles in combination with thermostable tumor antigens for antitumor vaccination. Antitumor vaccines based on thermostable tumor antigens can be largely improved by including gold nanoparticles as additional adjuvants.
Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal compound in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis: A protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:   Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fan Yihua , Zhao Xiaoyin , He Xiaoxu , Chen Huixin
Published: April 2022

Review question / Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal compound in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis. Eligibility criteria: 1.1.1 Literature type Randomized controlled trials of treating AGA with Chinese herbal compound alone, whether blind or not, was limited to Chinese literature and English literature.1.1.2 SubjectsThe time of onset, gender, and age of patients diagnosed with acute gouty arthritis were not restricted.1.1.3 Intervention measures The treatment group was treated with traditional Chinese medicine compound, which could be proprietary Chinese medicine, self-made prescription or classic prescription, and the dosage form could be traditional decoction, granule or pill, while the control group was treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers, and the frequency, dosage and course of use were not limited.1.1.4 Outcome indicators(1) Main outcome measures: total response rate; (2) Secondary outcome indicators: visual analog scale (VAS), TCM syndrome score, blood uric acid, ESR, CRP, and incidence of adverse reactions.