bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of Indonesian Octopus laqueus Kaneko & Kubodera 2005 (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) using Mt-DNA COI as Genetic Marker
Authors: Kholilah Nenik , Afiati Norma , Subagiyo Subagiyo , Hartati Retno
Published: March 2021

O. laqueus was first discovered not long ago in 2005 in the Ryuku Islands, Japan. Its geographical distribution and molecular identification are therefore still rarely. Nucleotide sequences based on mt-DNA COI for O. laqueus that have been uploaded in the GenBank until before this study was carried out were only six sequences. Since DNA barcoding of mt-DNA COI has some advantageous characteristics, this study aimed to analyse the genetic difference of Indonesian O. laqueus to the data available in the GenBank. Samples were collected in 2019 - 2020 from Karimunjawa (n=16) and Bangka-Belitung (n=2). The mt-DNA COI was extracted using 10% chelex methods, PCR amplified using Folmer’s primer and sequenced in Sanger methods. Pairwise alignment and genetic distance were carried out in MEGA-X, whereas the phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using Bayesian methods. BLAST identification resulted in 685 bp with a range of 92,07-99,24  percentages of identity. The genetic mean pair-wise distances within-clade were 0,002 and 0,006, whilst the distance between the clade was 0.0883. Combining the suggestion with the ITF current, it is concluded that O. laqueus taken from Karimunjawa raised from the same species as those in Malaysia (MN711655) and Japan (AB302176). Specimens from Bangka-Belitung were suggested came from different species, as they were separated into the second clade by 8.83%. One single sample from Japan (AB430543) which laid outside the two clades by 11.63%-11.38% was also suggested to represent a different species. Overall, this study opens to various further studies on O. laqueus using other loci of genetic markers.
Kepadatan Bivalvia di Kawasan Mangrove Sungai Perpat dan Sungai Bunting Belinyu, Bangka
Authors: Putri Nursah , Afriyansyah Budi , Marwoto Ristiyanti Marsetiyowati
Published: March 2021

Indeks kepadatan bivalvia dapat digunakan sebagai indikator kualitas perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kepadatan bivalvia di kawasan mangrove Sungai Perpat dan Sungai Bunting Belinyu, Bangka. Metode yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Pengamatan dilakukan pada enam stasiun dengan masing-masing lokasi sebanyak 3 stasiun yang terdiri dari 4 substasiun. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan plot ukuran 1 x 1 m sebanyak 5 plot. Analisis indeks ekologi meliputi: kepadatan jenis, keanekaragaman jenis, keseragaman dan dominansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 12 spesies bivalvia yang tergolong dalam sembilan famili. Spesies bivalvia didominasi Geloina expansa dengan total kepadatan 3,5 ind/m2 sedangkan untuk tumbuhan mangrovenya didominasi oleh Rhizophora apiculata. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman jenis bivalvia pada mangrove Sungai Perpat tergolong sedang, berkisar 0,614 – 1,675 sedangkan pada mangrove Sungai Bunting tergolong rendah, berkisar 0 – 0,952. Faktor lingkungan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kepadatan bivalvia pada penelitian ini adalah suhu air dan pH air. Sedangkan hubungan antara kerapatan jenis mangrove terhadap kepadatan bivalvia pada penelitian ini menunjukkan hubungan sangat lemah.
Regula cuiusdam ad uirgines - audio files
Authors: Diem Albrecht , van der Meer Matthieu
Published: March 2021

The seventh-century 'Regula cuiusdam ad uirgines' (Someone’s Rule for Virgins), which was most likely written by Jonas of Bobbio, the hagiographer of the Irish monk Columbanus, forms an ideal point of departure for writing a new history of the emergence of Western monasticism understood as a history of the individual and collective attempt to pursue eternal salvation.
The book provides a critical edition and translation of the 'Regula cuiusdam ad uirgines' and a roadmap for such a new history revolving around various aspects of monastic discipline, such as the agency of the community, the role of enclosure, authority and obedience, space and boundaries, confession and penance, sleep and silence, excommunication and expulsion.

Various monastic rules contain provisions on being read aloud to the community or to monks and nuns who were in the process of entering the monastery. In order to give an impression how the 'Regula cuiusdam ad uirgines' may have sounded, Albrecht Diem has provided an audio file (read by Matthieu van der Meer).
Deformation analysis of a reference wall towards the uncertainty investigation of terrestrial laser scanners
Authors: Schmitz Berit , Kuhlmann Heiner , Holst Christoph
Published: March 2021

The perfect knowledge about the scanned object’s geometry is essential for the empirical analysis of the stochastic properties of terrestrial laser scanners (TLSs). The Bonn reference wall is intended to be used as a reference for TLS quality investigations. Therefore, it is necessary to know the geometry of the wall at each time of scanning to avoid the misinterpretation of possible movements as systematic effects in the scanner. For this reason, we investigate the stability of the Bonn reference wall in this study. This includes the definition of a geodetic datum, the quantification of displacements, and the establishment of a suited deformation model. Since we discover a movement of about 1 mm within one day and up to 7 mm over the year, it is necessary to establish a cause-response deformation model to correct the wall movements in the scans. This study proposes two dynamic deformation models to compensate for the movements of the wall within one day and within a year. Our results show that it is better to measure the initial geometry of the wall each day since 89 % of the relative movements can be reduced to a maximum of 0.25 mm with a standard deviation of 0.16 mm (0.23 mm without modeling). If the shape is not initially known each day, the standard deviation of the displacements can be reduced from 1.10 mm to 0.61 mm, but the largest residuals still amount up to 2.5 mm, which is not sufficient for stochastic TLS investigations.
A Three-Dimensional Simulation Analysis of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Microchannel Heat Sinks with Different Structures
Authors: Shen Jienan , Li Xiuxiu , Zhu Yongsheng , Zhang Boya , Guo Hang , Liu Baolin , Chen Hong
Published: March 2021

Numerical studies have been performed to analyze the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of nine microchannel heat sinks (MCHS) with different shapes and different arrangements of the ribs and cavities on the sidewalls, using three common shapes (square, triangle, and circular) of ribs or cavities as the basic structure in this work. The boundary conditions, governing equations, friction factor (f), Nusselt number (Nu), and performance evaluation criteria (ξ) were considered to determine which design was the best in terms of the heat transfer, the pressure drop, and the overall performance. It was observed that no matter how the circular ribs or cavities were arranged, its heat sink performance was better than the other two shapes for Reynolds number of 200–1000. Therefore, circular ribs or cavities can be considered as the best structure to improve the performance of MCHS. In addition, the heat sink performance of the microchannel heat sink with symmetrical circular ribs (MCHS-SCR) was improved by 31.2 % compared with the conventional microchannel heat sink at Re = 667. This was because in addition to the formation of transverse vortices in the channel, four symmetrical and reverse longitudinal vortices are formed to improve the mixing efficiency of the central fluid (low temperature) and the near-wall fluid (high temperature). Then, as the Reynolds number increases, the heat sink performance of MCHS-SCR dropped sharply. The heat sink performance of microchannel heat sinks with staggered ribs and cavities (MCHS-SCRC, MCHS-STRC, and MCHS-SSRC) exceeded that of MCHS-SCR. This indicated that the microchannel heat sink with staggered ribs and cavities was more suitable for high Reynolds number (Re > 800).
Nonreciprocal transmission in a parity-time symmetry system with two types of defects
Authors: Luo Min , Zhang Xiaomeng , Yu Guanxia
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we have studied two different mechanisms of nonreciprocal and asymmetric transmission in the one-dimensional asymmetric optical system composed of parity-time (PT) and magneto-optical materials with different defect layers. It is shown that there are three pairs of nonreciprocal dispersive curves with the perfect transmission in the three different band gaps, when the defect layer is filled with normal material. When the defect layer is filled with magneto-optical material, the transmittivity of two nonreciprocal frequencies can be modulated by the magnitude and direction of the defect layer’s external magnetic field and appears to be asymmetric nonreciprocal transmission. One-way frequency corresponding to one direction has extraordinary transmission, and the other one-way frequency corresponding to the opposite direction is suppressed. When the defect layer is filled with loss or gain material, the transmittivity of two nonreciprocal frequencies can be amplificated or attenuated simultaneously, respectively. The nonreciprocal propagation is originated from the resonant modes in the system due to the defect layer, and the nonreciprocal and asymmetric transmission is determined by the broken PT system due to magneto-optical and gain/loss material in the defect layer. Such controllable and asymmetric nonreciprocal propagation in the composite system may have broad potential applications in nonreciprocal communication and integration devices.
To Be, To Move, To React
Authors: Stoica Diana Sfetlana
Published: March 2021

Focusing on African agency, this paper debates around a constructed triad of concepts found at the roots of African ways of expressing the struggle for identification, recognition and also the rise of a continent in worldly discourses, in a holistic and rather philosophical approach. The constructed triad is represented by narratives of dynamic verbs such as to be, to move and to react, in a post-structuralist intent to express the concept of following Africa, an alternative token for the changes in the perception of African agency. The aim of this concept is to symbolize, in a neo-postcolonial reading, the consciousness of self-consciousness, as a possible complex process of African becoming and the African continent’s rise in the global narratives.
Popular media and its ability to (re)form perceptions about Africa and Blackness: Black Panther
Authors: Golubics Eszter
Published: March 2021

This reflection essay, with the help of studying Black Panther, describes how popular media form or potentially reform our perceptions about Africa and Blackness. The introduction creates a base for understanding the movie’s place in public opinion and how critics have reviewed it; and raises the issues that are to be addressed. Reflecting upon Asante & Pind’s paper, the analysis starts with Africa’s (Wakanda) portrayal and how it reinforces certain stigmas and stereotypical thinking, but at the same time how the afrofuturistic setting offers to change our presumptions and helps to create a possibly better future for Black people by imagining an Africa, unaffected by Western colonialism. The characters are also flashed out, putting more emphasis on the main heroes: T’Challa and Killmonger. I examine their personalities, actions and where they come from, elaborating on the problematic aspects of the message these convey by feeding us the same reoccurring Hollywood storylines behind black character masks. Ultimately, I ask the question: Does Black Panther deserve to be called a milestone for Black people in cinema or is it just another form of white exploitation?
Modified Direct Shear Test for Determining Shear Strength of Rock and Concrete
Authors: Vizini Vítor Oliveira Santos , Futai Marcos Massao
Published: March 2021

This article proposes a modification in the direct shear test (DST) to improve the boundary conditions of the test to avoid the undesirable tensile fractures and to promote a single horizontal shear fracture. The modified direct shear test (MDST) basically consists of adding two inclined notches in the test specimen of the DST. An ideal geometry was proposed based on numerical analysis and experimental tests on concrete. Experimental tests on homogeneous rocks, for low normal stresses, were performed with the ideal geometry, and it was obtained for most of the cases studied: (i) a single horizontal shear fracture (without tensile fractures); (ii) striated surface appearance in the most sheared area, and (iii) force versus displacement curve approximately linear with abrupt rupture. A summary and guidance for performing and verifying the MDST were provided. Through the proposed modification, a better shear strength test method for rock and concrete was achieved.
Live streaming at international academic conferences
Authors: Parncutt Richard , Seither-Preisler Annemarie
Published: March 2021

Reply to Kamil Łuczaj and Magdalena Holy Łuczaj (2019). Live streaming at international academic conferences: Cooling down the digital optimism. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.435
ERP uygulama öncesi için süreç odaklı bir model önerisi ve testi
Authors: Ekren Gülay , Turan Aykut Hamit
Published: March 2021

Bu araştırmada, Yazılım Geliştirme Yaşam Döngüsü (SDLC) yaklaşımı ile ERP projelerinin uygulama öncesi aşaması için süreç odaklı bir model önerilmektedir. SDLC yaklaşımı Planlama, Analiz, Tasarım, Gerçekleştirme, Test & Entegrasyon ve Bakım gibi sıralı ve doğrusal süreçler içermektedir. Araştırmanın amacı ERP uygulama öncesi aşamada SDLC’deki bir sürecin diğer bir süreci nasıl etkilediğini incelemek ve bu süreçler arasındaki ilişkileri test etmektir. Araştırmada, bir PLS-SEM (kısmi en küçük kareler yapısal eşitlik modellemesi) modeli önerilmiştir. Bu modelin geçerliliği ve güvenirliliği test edilmiştir. Model, SDLC’nin her süreci (değişkenler) için ayrı ayrı incelenmiş ve değişkenlerin birbirlerini ne ölçüde açıkladığı, değişkenler arasında kurulan ilişkilerin model tarafından desteklenip desteklenmediği değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Planlama süreci, Analiz sürecinde 0.74, Gerçekleştirme sürecinde 0.25, Test ve Entegrasyon sürecinde 0.35 birimlik pozitif yönde bir etkiye neden olmaktadır. Benzer şekilde Analiz süreci, Tasarım sürecinde 0.68 birimlik pozitif yönde bir etkiye neden olmaktadır. Tasarım süreci ise, Gerçekleştirme sürecinde 0.48, Test & Entegrasyon sürecinde 0.43, Bakım sürecinde 0.53 birimlik pozitif yönde bir etkiye neden olmaktadır. Sonuç olarak ERP'nin uygulama öncesi aşamasındaki planlama süreci, sonraki süreçler açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Benzer şekilde, analiz ve tasarım sürecindeki en iyi iş uygulamaları, kendilerinden sonra gelen gerçekleştirme, test & entegrasyon ve bakım süreçlerini olumlu yönde etkilemektedir.
Analysing power and control in work organizations: Assimilating a critical socio-psychodynamic perspective
Authors: Hornung Severin , Höge Thomas
Published: March 2021

This conceptual article draws on critical traditions from several social science disciplines, notably, social, political, and systems theory, sociology, psychology, and management studies, as it seeks to explore, assemble, and integrate some constitutive components of a socio- and psychodynamic perspective on power and control in work organizations. At its core is an archetypal taxonomy of formal (economic), real (technocratic), normative (ideological), and formative (biopolitical) modes of power and managerial control through various means and combinations of commodification (contracts, compensation, competition), coercion (commands, constraints, compliance), cooptation (culture, consent, commitment), and creation (corrosion, conception, coevolution). Other integral elements are domains or foci of inquiry, specifically, interests, ideologies, institutions, and identities. These domains are linked to meta-, macro-, meso-, and micro-levels of analysis, resembling economy, society, organization, and individual. Accordingly, behavioural control and psychological governance processes are reinforced by a pervasive economic system logic, cascading into political, social, and psychodynamic sublogics. These taxonomies are integrated with concepts from the depth and dynamic psychology and traced across economic (meta-system interests), societal (macro-political ideologies), organizational (meso-social institutions), and individual (micro-psychodynamic identities) levels revealing patterns of self-similarity. It is argued that societal subsumption and subjugation reproduce psychodynamic subjectification (submission, sublimation) at the individual level, mediated by the subordinating and socializing forces inherent in organizational control systems. Discussed are implications for the dynamics of power and control in contemporary societies, organizations, and individuals under hegemonic governance of neoliberal ideology.
A research on the variables that effect affective commitment to change
Authors: Ertem Mehmet , Şentürk Faruk Kerem
Published: March 2021

Regardless of the change process level for businesses, employees' participation in the change process is a vital factor. Change as an attempt to question the current order and replace it with a more effective and efficient system requires employees to support and see themselves as part of the process emotionally. The research conducted in this context aims to determine the factors that effect affective commitment to change (ACC). In this context, it aims to guide businesses on which factors they should focus on in their change processes. In the study, a quantitative method was preferred, a questionnaire form was used as the data collection technique, and the data were obtained from healthcare professionals working in the Yozgat Provincial Health Directorate. The results indicated that perception of change (general perception, readiness for change, and being affected by the change) and emotional deprivation have negative effects on affective commitment to change. In contrast, communion striving, teamwork, social companionship and workplace friendship have no meaningful effects on the dependent variable.
Financial stability and liquidity risks in the banking sector across the CEMAC region
Authors: Kouam Henri
Published: March 2021

How does credit from the financial sector and claims on the central government affect banking sector liquidity and financial stability risks? This paper constructs an algorithm, which investigates the impact of domestic credit from the financial sector, bank to capital assets ratio, claims on the central government on banking sector liquidity – a proxy for financial stability. The results show a positive and statistically significant impact of the capital assets ratio on the bank's liquidity of 3.1%. It equally finds that domestic credit and claims on central government hurt bank liquidity, notably of -0.15% and -2.5%, respectively. The study recommends that commercial banks invest in higher-value domestic projects to improve their profitability over the long-run, thereby boosting financial stability. Furthermore, the central bank should make additional liquidity for banks contingent on the amount of credit they provide to the real economy.
Contextos de práctica y de vida que facilitan experimentar el valor de la compasión
Authors: Casas Luque Luisa Fernanda
Published: March 2021

Con el objetivo de indagar experiencias compasivas y no compasivas que han vivido estudiantes de profesiones de salud de optometría, enfermería y medicina, se entrevistaron quince participantes de últimos semestres de la Universidad El Bosque y Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá, Colombia, durante los meses de febrero y marzo del año 2020. Se presentan los resultados de sus narrativas compartidas con generosidad e interés en el aprendizaje del valor de la compasión. Ellos expresaron con sinceridad y de forma crítica sus puntos de vista acerca de sus vivencias en el contexto de práctica y en su vida cotidiana. Dichas experiencias se analizaron en categorías de trato humanizado y deshumanizado, las cuales reflejan características relacionadas con alteridad, empatía y compasión. De igual forma, se indagaron las fuentes de aprendizaje identificadas, sus preferencias y sugerencias para aprender acerca de la compasión, las cuales fueron insumos importantes en el diseño de una estrategia didáctica de la compasión para profesionales de la salud.
El primer brote: origen del humanismo
Authors: Baraona Cockerell Miguel David
Published: March 2021

En el siglo V a. C. surgió en Atenas y, luego se extendió a casi toda la Grecia antigua, un movimiento ético-filosófico con fuerte orientación a la filosofía política, que se conoce como sofismo y/o sofistería. Las dos figuras más prominentes del sofismo serían, Protágoras en el ámbito intelectual, y Pericles en el político. Pero un amplio grupo de otros filósofos, harían del sofismo la más grande revolución intelectual presocrática en la Grecia clásica. Estos pensadores progresistas impulsarían la democracia representativa, a niveles que después no se conocerían en el mundo antiguo. Y esto llevaría a reformas sociales propias de un Estado benefactor, como queda consignado en la Constitución que Protágoras redactó para la nueva colonia de Turios. Pero lo más trascendente es que el sofismo sentó las bases para la muy audaz idea, en aquellos tiempos, de que el ser humano (bajo la forma del ciudadano común) es el único protagonista en escoger y forjar su destino individual y colectivo, aunque no se alcance a plenitud y en la forma deseada. Este giro radical, colocando al ser humano en el centro mismo de su propio destino, y al margen de fuerzas omnímodas de orden divino y sobrenatural, es lo que en el Renacimiento europeo, siglos después, se llamaría humanismo. Y el corolario principal que se deriva de esta premisa, es que el ser humano es, por antonomasia, el forjador de su propia liberación por medio de su razón y voluntad. Es decir: protagonista fundamental de su auto-emancipación.
NPs, not DPs: The NP vs. DP debate in the context of dependency grammar
Authors: Osborne Timothy
Published: March 2021

This paper considers the NP vs. DP debate from the perspective of dependency grammar (DG). The message is delivered that given DG assumptions about sentence structure, the traditional NP-analysis of nominal groups is preferable over the DP-analysis. The debate is also considered from the perspective of phrase structure grammar (PSG). While many of the issues discussed here do not directly support NP over DP given PSG assumptions, some do. More importantly, one has to accept the widespread presence of null determiner heads for the DP analysis to be plausible on PSG assumptions. The argument developed at length here is that the traditional NP-analysis of nominal groups is both more accurate and simpler than the DP-analysis, in part because it does not rely on the frequent occurrence of null determiners.
Psychosomatic characteristic of realization of mechanisms of psychological defence in women of fertile age
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Podolsky Vl.V. , Podolsky V.V. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: March 2021

The article describes the characteristics of the basic mechanisms of psychological defence and the possibility of implementation of the diagnosis of the implementation of these mechanisms in the practice of a doctor obstetrician-gynecologist. Given the presence of distress in many Ukrainian women and the lack of regular contact with a physician, the problem of the relationship between a doctor and a patient is becoming more and more relevant. At the time of the visit to the doctor, and most often before such a visit - a patient who is in contact with the onset of obstetric and gynecological diseases or with the aggravation of chronic conditions, mechanisms of psychological protection, aimed at reducing the level of general stress and rational use of internal reserves of the body, are triggered. The first patient contract with a physician is substantially complicated by the implementation of protective mechanisms of the psyche, which extends the time a physician has to spend on communicating with the patient, and moral and intellectual efforts aimed at collecting the history, diagnosis and appointment of treatment. Key words: women of fertile age, mechanisms of psychological defence, psychosomatics.
Delivery planning: a contamporary approach to breech presentation in obstetrics
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Kalanzhova O.M. , Galych S.R. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Nіkіtenko R.P. ,   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: March 2021

The world data on stable perinatal losses in breech presentation and a significant increase in the number of cesarean deliveries (70–80%) have led to a search for fundamentally new approaches to breech deliveries. The objective: the aim of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness and the validity of individual delivery planning for breech presentations. Materials and methods. Pregnant patients were divided into two groups: 1) the main group (MG) (n=36) which included women with planned conservative deliveries for breech presentations; 2) the control group (CG) (n=33) which included women with planned cesarean deliveries for breech presentations. Results. Pregnancy completion in the majority of patients from both groups occurred in the planned way: MG – 27 (75%), CG – 29 (87.8%). The MG patients gave birth in the all-fours position – 11 (40.7%) and with the help of the Tsoyanov method – 16 (53.9%). There were 9 (25%) cases of cesarean deliveries in the CG which were mainly classified as the 1st urgency category – 5 (55.5%). The need for urgent cesarean section in the CG occurred in half as many cases – 4 (12.2%) and most cases – 3 (75%) – had the 3rd urgency category. Perinatal complications were more common among the children from the CG who had received manual help at birth: birth trauma – 8 (22.2%), asphyxia – 3 (8.3%), aspiration – 2 (5.55%), hypoxic-ischemic brain damage – 3 (8.3%). Conclusion. The presented data indicate the lack of highly professional skills which require thorough execution and improvement of obstetrical manipulations by obstetricians and gynecologists. Key words: breech position, conservative delivery, cesarean section, perinatal outcomes.
Activation factor of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, as a predictor of the negative effects of parvovirus infection in different trimesters of pregnancy
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bondarenko N.P.
Published: March 2021

Parvovirus infection during pregnancy can lead to abortion, intrauterine infections of the fetus with developmental defects. Subclinical forms of parvovirus infection prevail over manifestation, therefore the study of the activation factors of the systemic inflammatory response is shown as an adjunct to the diagnosis of subclinical infection among pregnant women with preterm or preterm labor with the presence of clinical complications. Immunological studies that included the determination of the pro-inflammatory activation factor were investigated. The cytokine status and C-reactive protein as a marker of inflammation in 129 pregnant women infected with parvovirus infection in different periods of pregnancy were studied. The results were analyzed by dividing women into three groups by trimesters and by the presence of clinical complications of viral infection. Control for comparison was women with physiological pregnancy in the corresponding trimester. An analysis of the data on the content of cytokines in serum of pregnant women revealed a change in the ratio of pro- (IL-8, IL-2 and FNP-) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, which may be indicative of a systemic immune response to B19 infection during various pregnancy and pregnancy. The results of the study of C-reactive protein (hsCRP) indicate a moderate increase in its concentration in the blood of patients with parvovirus infection, which is associated with minor tissue damage. Of the 129 pregnant women with B19 infection, 57 (44.2%) women had elevated CRP levels (20% higher than the control level for the respective trimester). Key words: parvovirus infection, pregnancy, cytokines, C-reactive protein, clinical complications of pregnancy.
Authentic Replicas: Buddhist Art in Medieval China by Hsueh-man Shen.
Authors: Nicol Janine
Published: March 2021

Authentic Replicas: Buddhist Art in Medieval China by Hsueh-man Shen. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press 2019. 352 pp.; 132 illustrations, 113 in colour. Hb $72 ISBN-13: 9780824867058.
Buddhism and Medicine: An Anthology of Premodern Sources, edited by C. Pierce Salguero.
Authors: Ronit Yoeli-Tlalim
Published: March 2021

Buddhism and Medicine: An Anthology of Premodern Sources, edited by C. Pierce Salguero. Columbia University Press, 2017. 728 pp.; Hb $150. ISBN-13: 9780231179942.
Academic Mobility Assessment: the Strengths and Limitations of Different Approaches
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kryachko V. I.
Published: March 2021

The article discusses methodological approaches to measuring academic mobility when a researcher changes his place of work within the academic environment. Researchers’ academic mobility is a factor of their productivity, it provides knowledge transfer, renews scientific ideas, and in general contributes to the active development of higher education and science. However, in Russia the phenomenon of academic mobility is not studied sufficiently and demands an estimation of both mobility as a whole, and its factors, and its consequences. There are not many data sources on mobility, and getting corresponding information is often problematic – these factors make it difficult to empirically measure researchers’ academic mobility. This review might be the first step towards filling the gap in empirical research on academic mobility in Russia. The author suggests a detailed analysis of academic mobility assessment methodologies, including surveys, CVs, bibliometric and combined approaches. The article summarizes the experience of practical approaches application, identifies advantages and disadvantages of each of them, and provides their comparative analysis. The author comes to the conclusion that in the absence of a unique approach to measuring the academic mobility, the bibliometric approach, which provides large representative samplings, research results reproducibility, and greater possibilities of mobility factors assessment, best meets the goals of modern research on causality of academic mobility. This paper should help those who study science and higher education in selecting the most suitable approach to academic mobility measurement and in considering a number of nuances of each approach as practically applied in the research planning process.
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Lithium-Ion Capacitors Production from Primary Ore and Recycled Minerals
Authors: Chigada Peter I. , Wale Olivia , Hancox Charlotte , Vandaele Koen , Breeze Barbara , Mottram Andrew , Alexander J. Roberts
Published: March 2021

The life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology which allows quantification of environmental performance of products and processes based on complete product life cycle was utilised to evaluate the environmental burdens associated with manufacturing a 48 V lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) module. The prospective LCA compared the environmental impact of manufacturing a LIC module using primary ore materials and recycled materials from end-of-life LICs. For both the primary ore and recycled materials processes, the anode preparation stage was associated with the majority of the climate change and terrestrial acidification burdens. LIC module production utilising recovered materials from end-of-life LICs reduced the environmental impact compared to utilisation of primary ore resources. Application of the LCA methodology in early phase research and development (R&D) activities was demonstrated with a case study on reagent choice decision-making process that accounted for environmental impact, technical performance and costs in alignment with the sustainability triple bottom line concept.
Strut-and-tie models obtained by way of topological optimisation
Authors: Ladeira Artur Hallack , Rodrigues da Silva Amilton
Published: March 2021

The strut-and-tie model is widely used for the analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures under a plane stress state. To apply this model, it is necessary to define strut-and-tie systems that represent the flow of stresses generated in the analysed structure. To make the concept of the model less dependent on designer experience for regions or structures with geometric or static discontinuity, this strut-and-tie model is defined through an evolutionary structural optimisation (ESO) considering linear isotropic material, which provides the automatic generation of strut-and-tie models. The evolution criterion adopted by the topological optimisation method considers the elimination of less requested elements in terms of tension, based on the elastic-linear analysis. The aim of this study is to develop and implement various strategies to control the removal of these elements, which leads to different final configurations. In this context, optimised solutions to complex problems involving reinforced concrete structures can be obtained. The results of two out of the three practical applications presented were compared with the results provided in the literature to validate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
The impact of fibromyalgia in disease activity assessment and treatment response in axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: ZENGİN Orhan
Published: March 2021

Aim: Spondyloarthritis represents a group of diseases with common clinical features. When axial symptoms are predominant, the disease is called axial SpA (axSpA). Fibromyalgia frequently accompanies rheumatological diseases and affects the evaluation of disease activity measurements and treatment responses. In this study, we aimed to compare axSpA patients with and without accompanying fibromyalgia syndrome (FS).

Material and Method: The patients with axSpA were retrospectively reviewed according to the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society classification criteria. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein data were used to evaluate disease activity. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) was used to evaluate the functional status of the patients.

Results: The study included a total of 300 patients, including 162 (54%) males and 138 (46%) females. The median age of the patients (25%-75% IQR) was 35 (30-46) years. In the comparison of the two axSpA groups with and without FS, age, BASFI, ESR and CRP levels, and the rate of receiving biological therapy were similar. In the FS group, female gender was dominant (n = 46, 92%; p = 0.000) and the rates of peripheral arthritis and BASDAI were significantly higher (p = 0.024 and p = 0.004, respectively).

Conclusion: AxSpA is frequently accompanied by FS, especially in women. The symptoms of FS cause an increase in disease activity scores. Therefore, it is evaluated as low treatment response. The disease activity of FS and axSpA should be carefully evaluated to lower treatment costs and apply more accurate treatment.
Corneal Aberrations in Keratoconus: A Pentacam Scheimpflug Imaging Study
Authors: KAŞIKCI Murat , EROĞUL Özgür , ERYİĞİT EROĞUL Leyla , GOBEKA Hamıdu Hamısı
Published: March 2021

Objective

To investigate high-order corneal aberration alterations at different KC stages using a Pentacam Scheimpflug camera (OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), and to compare data with healthy eyes

Materials and Methods

This retrospective comparative study investigated clinical data of 50 patients (100 eyes) with KC and 59 healthy individuals (118 eyes) who underwent corneal topography using the Pentacam Scheimpflug camera in our clinic. Demographic characteristics, total aberrations, HOAs, coma and spherical aberrations of all participants were extracted and recorded.

Results

Mean age in the KC group was 29.7±10.3 years and 32.1±12.4 years in the control group. These two groups were compatible in terms of age and sex (P=0.11; P=0.76, respectively,). In the keratometric classification, KC was mild in 63, moderate in 23, and severe in 14 eyes. Differences in low-order astigmatism, trefoil, coma, tetra-foil, high-order astigmatism, high-order spherical aberration, and root mean square values between eyes with KC and healthy eyes were statistically significant (P
Childhood tuberculosis in a reference children's hospital after admission of refugees
Authors: METİN Ozge , KAMAN Ayşe
Published: March 2021

Aim: We aimed to evaluate epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory, microbiologic features, treatment and outcomes of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) patients also to draw attention to immigrant patients.

Material- Methods: We retrospectively conducted the medical records of children below 18 years of age with TB between January 2015 and September 2016.

Results: A total of 20 TB patients (35% were Syrian refugees, total 65% female) with a median age of 135.5±52.6 months were evaluated. Fourteen (70%) patients were adolescent. The history of contact with an active TB disease patient was found in seven (35%) patients. Four (20%) patients had no complaint at admission whereas the most common symptom was prolonged cough > 2 weeks. Fifteen (75%) patients had a Bacillus Calmette–Guérin scar on the left shoulder. A total of 16 (80%) patients had a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) result. Microbiological confirmation was provided in four (20%) patients totally. The most common chest X-ray findings on admission were hilar lymphadenopathy. Ten (50%) patients had normal chest X-ray and were diagosed with abnormal thorax tomography findings. All of the patients were treated succesfully except one Syrian patients with miliary TB who died.

Conclusion: Microbiological confirmation of childhood TB may be absent and the diagnosis can be confirmed in the light of contact history, positive TST reaction, compatible symtomps and radiological evidence. Particular attention might be paid to Syrian refugees, taking into epidemiological characteristics of TB disease and the density of immigrants in the place we live in.
Evaluation of Tp-e / QTc ratio in determining the risk of arrhythmia in electric shocks in children
Authors: SARI GÖKAY Sinem , ÇINIÇEV Şener
Published: March 2021

INTRODUCTION: Patients who have electrical accidents can apply to hospital with clinical signs ranging from simple skin burns to serious organ injuries. Our aim in this study is to evaluate whether QT, QTc interval and QT/QTc, Tp-e/QT, Tp-e/QTc ratios can be a marker for determine the risk of arrhythmias in children in cases of electric shock injuries that can be fatal.

MATERIAL & METHOD: In our study, 36 patients who were admitted to pediatric emergency with an electric shock between July 2018 and September 2019 and followed up in our clinic were included. As a control group, 25 healthy patients were included in the study. The files of the patients were examined retrospectively ECG (electrocardiogram) findings in leads DII and V5 were recorded.

RESULTS: Thirty-six (41%) patients who were admitted to our study due to electrical shock and followed up in our pediatric emergency were included. Sinus tachycardia was observed in two patients and no arrhythmias were detected in others. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups between QT, QTc interval and QT/QTc, Tp-e/QT and Tp-e/QTc ratios measured in DII and V5 leads on ECG (p> 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between ECG findings by gender(p> 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Electric shock can cause life-threatening situations by causing fatal arrhythmia. Although ECG findings are used to determine cardiac arrhythmia, it should be shown whether QT, QTc interval and Tp-e/QT, Tp-e/QTc ratios are significant arrhythmogenic markers by prospective studies in more specific age groups.
Nonadditive integration and some solutions of cooperative games
Authors: Васильев Валерий Александрович , Vasil'ev Valery
Published: March 2021

In the paper, we propose three schemes of nonadditive integration based on several extensions of nonadditive set function and integrand to the appropriate symmetric power of the original measurable space. A survey on the integral representation of some classic objects of the cooperative game theory, derived by nonadditive integration, is given. A universal approach for investigation of both finite and infinite games is developed. We pay a particular attention to the Shapley value, Owen multilinear extension, and support function of the core of a convex cooperative game.
A measure of the importance of roads based on topography and traffic intensity
Authors: Влодарчик Кинга , Шайовски Кшиштоф , Włodarczyk Kinga , Szajowski Krzysztof
Published: March 2021

Mathematical models of street traffic allowing assessment of the importance of their individual segments for the functionality of the street system is considering. Based on methods of cooperative games and the reliability theory the suitable measure is constructed. The main goal is to analyze methods for assessing the importance (rank) of road fragments, including their functions. A relevance of these elements for effective accessibility for the entire system will be considered.
To the individual stability of Pareto equilibrium of objections and counterobjections in a coalition differential positional 3-person game without side payments
Authors: Жуковский Владислав Иосифович , Zhukovskiy Vladislav , Кудрявцев Константин Николаевич , Kudryavtsev Konstantin , Жуковская Лидия Владиславна , Zhukovskaya Lydia , Стабулит Ирина Станиславовна , Stabulit Irina
Published: March 2021

The notion <> of Pareto equilibrium of objections and counter objections in one differential linear-quadratic 3-person game without side payments is used. The explicit form corresponding equilibrium is found.
Patterns of persistence among engineering students at a South African university: A decision tree analysis
Authors: Bengesai Annah V. , Pocock Jonathan
Published: March 2021

Globally, there is growing concern about student progression in most higher education institutions. In this study, we examined patterns of persistence among students who began their engineering degree at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) in 2012 and 2013. The sample was restricted to 1370 incoming students who were tracked to 2019, allowing for a 7-year graduation period for the initial cohort. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics as well as the decision tree approach – a highly visual data-mining technique which helps identify subgroups and relationships that are often difficult to detect through traditional statistical methods. The results from these analyses indicate that up to 50% of students enrolled in the School of Engineering had chosen engineering as their first choice. Approximately 40% had persisted in engineering, 50% had withdrawn by the time of this survey, while the remaining 10% were still registered in the engineering programme. Departure from engineering occurs most in the first year, while graduation most likely occurs after 5 years of registration. Student persistence in engineering can also be classified based on first-year accumulated credits, admission point scores, race, and financial aid, of which first-year accumulated credits is the most critical factor. Overall, our study suggests that understanding failure in the first year might be the missing link in our understanding of student persistence in engineering.Significance:

The study makes several contributions to the field. First, the issue of student persistence is of concern to higher education institutions, not only in South Africa but globally. For institutions to improve student outcomes, they need to understand the reasons behind attrition. Second, in our analysis, we separate students who withdraw from the university and those who switch to other programmes within the same university. Most studies on student progression treat withdrawing students as a single population, which might lead to inaccurate prediction of student outcomes. Third, we draw on data-mining methods and present an interesting way of classifying students using both enrolment data as well as the rules derived from each node of the classification tree. The classification tree analysis method is highly visual and helps identify subgroups and relationships, which might be difficult to detect through traditional statistical methods. The information derived from the classification trees can be used to identify students who might be at risk of failing timeously and come up with interventions that will support them.
Coelacanth discoveries in Madagascar, with recommendations on research and conservation
Authors: Cooke Andrew , Bruton Michael N. , Ravololoharinjara Minosoa
Published: March 2021

The presence of populations of the Western Indian Ocean coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae) in Madagascar is not surprising considering the vast range of habitats which the ancient island offers. The discovery of a substantial population of coelacanths through handline fishing on the steep volcanic slopes of Comoros archipelago initially provided an important source of museum specimens and was the main focus of coelacanth research for almost 40 years. The advent of deep-set gillnets, or jarifa, for catching sharks, driven by the demand for shark fins and oil from China in the mid- to late 1980s, resulted in an explosion of coelacanth captures in Madagascar and other countries in the Western Indian Ocean. We review coelacanth catches in Madagascar and present evidence for the existence of one or more populations of L. chalumnae distributed along about 1000 km of the southern and western coasts of the island. We also hypothesise that coelacanths are likely to occur around the whole continental margin of Madagascar, making it the epicentre of coelacanth distribution in the Western Indian Ocean and the likely progenitor of the younger Comoros coelacanth population. Finally, we discuss the importance and vulnerability of the population of coelacanths inhabiting the submarine slopes of the Onilahy canyon in southwest Madagascar and make recommendations for further research and conservation.Significance:

The paper contributes significantly to knowledge of the distribution and ecology of the Indian Ocean coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae.

The paper provides the first comprehensive account of Madagascar coelacanths and demonstrates the existence of a regionally important population and extensive suitable habitat, correcting an earlier hypothesis that coelacanths in southwest Madagascar were strays from the Comoros.

The results have application in the study of the evolution, biology, ecology and conservation of the species. 

The significant threat posed by gillnet fishing to coelacanths and other species is highlighted as are the negative effects of the shark-fin trade.

The paper emphasises the importance of the Onilahy marine canyon in southwest Madagascar as an especially important habitat and provides the basis for the development of a national programme of research and conservation.