bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus in HIP Fractures CHIP 2: Is Vitamin D Deficiency Associated with Increased Mortality from COVID-19 Infections in A Hip Fracture Population?
Authors: Mahmood A. , Rashid F. , Hawkes D. , Harrison W. J.
Published: January 2022

Purpose: There is controversy as to whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased mortality from coronavirus infection. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between vitamin D levels and 30-day mortality in hip fracture patients co-infected with COVID-19.
Methods: This was a national observational audit conducted between 23 March 2020 (start of UK lockdown) and 31st December 2020. The cohort consisted of patients aged >60 years presenting with a hip fracture. Patients were included if they had a vitamin D level done during the admission episode, diagnosis of COVID-19 infection via a viral reverse transcriptase PCR swab, and a hip fracture. There were 517 patients included in the study from 43 different hospital trusts. The primary outcome measure was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes were the percentage of patients who had vitamin D deficiency, the percentage of patients who were prescribed Vitamin D, and the impact of vitamin D prescribing on mortality
Results: Vitamin D deficiency was not associated with a higher 30-day mortality. Low serum vitamin D was observed in 56% of the patients on admission. Vitamin D was prescribed prior to admission in 28% and during admission in a further 49%. Pre-hospital vitamin D therapy reduced the chance of vitamin D deficiency. Starting vitamin D before or on admission did not affect the mortality rates.
Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency was common, but not associated with a higher 30-day mortality in the hip fracture population co-infected with COVID-19.
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Guillain Barre Syndrome: An experience of Bangabanhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Sheikh Saiful , Ferdous Jannatul , Hoque Ashraful , Rahman Atiar
Published: January 2022

Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been used as one of the treatment modalities of neurological diseases. Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) and Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE)are treatment options in Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS). In developing countries IVIG is not easily available and it is also expensive, TPE is preferred for treatment of GBS as it is affordable. Study on TPE for GBS are scarce here. Most of the study regarding TPE in GBS has been conducted in high –income countries as it is expensive treatment modality. Reports on TPE in GBS is very scared from Bangladesh.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of TPE with a standard hemolysis equipment for the treatment of Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) was conducted A 50 patients of GBS who received TPE conducted between January 2017 to December 2018 in the department of Transfusion Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh were analyzed. All patients had underdone at least 2 cycles of plasma exchange. Volume exchanged in each cycle was one plasma volume.
Results: Out of 50 cases there were 43 (86%) male and 7 (14%) female.  Age range of patients was from 11 – 50 years. Approximately 40% improved clinically of first cycle of PE & 85% after second cycle, 95% after third cycle and 95-100% after 5 cycle. 1(2%) patient died, and 49(98%) patients survived and recovered.
Conclusion: The treatment is cost affection in Compassion to IVIG. TPE is and affection, safe and affordable treatment modality for GBS.
EFEKTIVITAS PELATIHAN MAKE DREAM COME TRUE TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PERENCANAAN KARIER PADA SISWA SMA
Authors: Hiandarto Eunike Evangelista , Wulanyani Ni Made Swasti
Published: January 2022

Siswa SMA mengalami permasalahan dalam mengambil keputusan mengenai karier. Kebingungan ini muncul salah satunya karena tidak memiliki kemampuan perencanaan karier yang baik. Persiapan pendidikan lanjutan perlu dilaksanakan secara efektif dan efisien sehingga sekolah memiliki peran penting dalam mengedukasi siswa mengenai karier. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan perencanaan karier adalah pelatihan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah modul Make Dream Come True meningkatkan kemampuan perencanaan karier. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre-eksperimen dengan desain penelitian One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Pelatihan ini meliputi pemberian materi karier, pengenalan bakat dan minat, cita-cita, dan cara membuat perencanaan karier. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMA berusia 15 sampai dengan 17 tahun di Denpasar yang diperoleh dengan melakukan two stages cluster sampling. Subjek berjumlah 10 orang. Subjek diberikan pre-test berupa skala kemampuan perencanaan karier. Kemudian, subjek diberikan perlakuan berupa pelatihan Make Dream Come True berdurasi 9 jam. Setelah itu, subjek diberi post-test berupa skala kemampuan perencanaan karier. Hasil uji hipotesis dengan Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test menunjukkan nilai signifikansi selisih pre-test dan post-test pada kelompok subjek sebesar 0.001 yang kurang dari 0.05 (p<0.05). Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan Make Dream Come True meningkatkan kemampuan perencanaan karier siswa SMA.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERSEPSI SISWA TENTANG KREATIVITAS GURU DALAM MENGAJAR DENGAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Efendy Mamang , Rini Amanda Pasca
Published: January 2022

Minat belajar penting untuk mendorong siswa lebih giat dan aktif mencapai tujuannya dalam belajar di sekolah. Minat belajar juga penting untuk pencapaian dan prestasi akademik. Guru memiliki peran sentral dalam membantu meningkatkan minat belajar siswa disekolah. Melalui metode mengajar yang kreatif dan menyenangkan, diharapkan guru dapat membantu meningkatkan minat belajar siswadi sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kreativitas guru dalam mengajar dengan minat belajar siswa di sekolah. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 100 siswa SMP Negeri 1 Galis Pamekasan yang diambil secara acak. Skala pada penelitian ini menggunakan skala persepsi siswa terhadap kreativitas guru dan skala minat belajar yang disusun sendiri oleh peneliti. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara  kreativitas guru dalam mengajar dengan minat belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menegaskan bahwa kreativitas seorang guru dalam mengajar memainkan peran penting terhadap minat belajar siswa. Melalui cara mengajar yang kreatif, guru membantu menciptakan suasana belajar yang efektif, membuat siswa lebih tertarik dan membuat suasana belajar yang lebih stabil sehingga membantu meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa di sekolah, prestasi akademik, minat, kepercayaan diri dan ketahanan, selain itu  siswa terhindar dari kekakuan, ketegangan dan kecemasan dalam belajar, yang pada akhirnya menciptakan minat belajar siswa lebih tinggi.
PSIKOEDUKASI "PEPRO" UNTUK MENURUNKAN PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MANAJEMEN WAKTU PADA SISWA SISWI SMP DAN SMA/SMK
Authors: Sarasija Luh Nyoman Alit Saraswati , Nariswari Anindya Ayu , Dewanggana Dinda Aisha , Arghita Venya Alya , Patty Tyvania Shalsabilla Wilhelmina , Tjahjono Harijanto
Published: January 2022

Fenomena menunda- nunda suatu pekerjaan yang seharusnya dapat dikerjakan secara tepat waktu dikenal dengan sebutan prokrastinasi. Untuk menurunkan tingkat prokrastinasi, maka dilakukan psikoedukasi mengenai manajemen waktu terkait teknik penentuan skala prioritas dan menumbuhkan konsistensi perilaku. Hasil dari psikoedukasi ini menunjukkan jika peserta didik dapat membuat teknik pembuatan 4 Kuadran Covey, To Do List dan teknik pilihan terhadap pengorganisasian. Guna melihat perubahan perilaku peserta didik maka perlu melakukan pemantauan secara berkala untuk melihat konsistensi perilaku dan juga melakukan follow up pada lima hari setelah diadakan psikoedukasi. Hasil dari pemberian psikoedukasi ini menyebabkan angka post-test meningkat sebesar 30% dari hasil pre test. Hal ini menandakan bahwa tingkat prokrastinasi meningkat dan pemberian manajemen waktu pada siswa SMP dan SMA/SMK belum cukup efektif untuk menurunkan perilaku prokrastinasi. Peningkatan angka pada hasil post-test disebabkan oleh banyaknya jumlah butir yang diberikan pada saat post-test sehingga peserta tidak memperhatikan kondisi yang sebenarnya yang dirasakan pada saat menjawab. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dari beberapa peserta didapatkan bahwa mereka belum terbiasa untuk membuat jadwal belajar, lebih menyukai bekerja dengan tidak memiliki target setiap harinya dan beban tugas yang diberikan sekolah terlalu banyak sehingga hal ini juga memicu meningkatnya angka pada hasil post-test.
Emotional Intelligence Training to Improve the Efficacy of Primary School Teachers
Authors: Hendarto Cicilia
Published: January 2022

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence training toward elementary teacher. The training given to increase the teachers’ efficacy in students’ engagement, instructional strategies and classroom management. There are three sessions during the training included identifying and understand the emotions of himself and others, identifying and understanding the impact of the emotion used in adopting decisions and managing the emotions of himself and others. Participant were 25 elementary teachers in Intan Permata Hati School. The result taken using the Teacher’s Efficacy Scale (Tschannen-Moran, M., & Woolfolk Hoy, A., 2001) before and after training to investigate the impact of the training. Overall the result showed that the students’ engagement has the biggest impact and emotional intelligence is significant increase teachers’ efficacy. The students’ engagement has the biggest impact
MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI SISWA DI SEKOLAH, BAGAIMANA PERAN RELASI GURU DAN SISWA?
Authors: Efendy Mamang , Murwani Danardana , Hitipeuw Imanuel , Rahmawati Hetti
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara relasi guru dan siswa dengan motivasi siswa disekolah, Sampel penelitian sebanyak 300 siswa SMP Negeri 1 Pamekasan yang diambil secara acak dengan rumus slovin dari populasi 992 siswa. Skala pada penelitian ini menggunakan skala motivasi siswa yang disusun sendiri oleh peneliti dan skala relasi guru-siswa yang mengadaptasi dari Pianta (2001). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan antara relasi guru dan siswa dengan motivasi berprestasi, hal ini juga berarti semakin tinggi relasi guru dan siswa maka motivasi berprestasi juga akan semakin tinggi. Maka hipotesis penelitian yang menyatakan ada hubungan antara dengan motivasi berprestasi diterima. Relasi siswa yang positif dengan guru dapat menjadi motivator yang kuat dan sangat berarti bagi siswa, selain itu relasi positif guru-siswa menyediakan sumber daya tambahan dan bantuan untuk siswa untuk dapat mengatasi hambatan bagi motivasi berprestasi dan keberhasilan akademis siswa disekolah
Hubungan Strategi Pembelajaran Peer Teaching Dan Self Esteem Dengan Motivasi Belajar (Studi Kasus Pada Siswa SMK Boedi Oetomo Pontianak)
Authors: Kur'ani Nur , Lestari Tuti Fuji
Published: January 2022

Tugas guru yang pertama dan terpenting dalam proses belajar mengajar adalah membangun motivasi belajar siswa. Salah satu strategi yang dapat digunakan guru dalam membangun motivasi belajar siswa yaitu  strategi pembelajaran peer teaching. Selain itu self esteem pada diri siswa juga dapat mempengaruhi motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara strategi pembelajaran peer teaching dan self esteem dengan motivasi belajar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X dan XI di SMK  Boedi Uetomo Pontianak. Jumlah responden yang diteliti sebanyak  24 orang siswa yang terdiri dari satu (1) kelas dan hanya memiliki satu jurusan yaitu administrasi perkantoran. Penentuan jumlah sampel yang digunakan oleh peneliti dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sensus. Hal ini sering dilakukan bila jumlah populasi relatif kecil yaitu kurang dari 30 orang. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik non probably sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara strategi pembelajaran peer teaching dan self esteem dengan motivasi belajar yang ditunjukkan dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar R= 0,509 dengan (p)=0,000 (p<0,01) dan sumbangan efektif sebesar 25,9% yang berarti sumbangan pengaruh variabel strategi pembelajaran peer teaching dan self esteem terhadap motivasi belajar sebesar 25,9% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain
Hubungan Antara Interaksi Teman Sebaya Dan Efikasi Diri Dengan Motivasi Belajar
Authors: Kur'ani Nur
Published: January 2022

Motivasi belajar dalam diri siswa mempunyai peran penting dalam menjalani proses pendidikan di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara interaksi teman sebaya dan efikasi diri dengan motivasi belajar. Hipotesis yang diajukan yaitu 1) Ada hubungan antara interaksi teman sebaya dengan motivasi belajar; 2) Ada hubungan antara efikasi diri dengan motivasi belajar; 3. Ada hubungan antara interaksi teman sebaya dan efikasi diri dengan motivasi belajar. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian kuantitatif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX di SMP N 16 Pontianak. Jumlah responden yang diteliti sebanyak 30 siswa diambil dengan menggunakan proporsional random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara interaksi teman sebaya dengan motivasi belajar; 2. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara efikasi diri dengan motivasi belajar; 3. Ada hubungan  antara interaksi teman sebaya dan Efikasi diri dengan motivasi belajar dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,125. Nilai ini mengandung arti bahwa interaksi teman sebaya dan efikasi diri dan motivasi belajar berkontribusi pada penelitian ini sebesar 12.5% dan sisanya sebesar 87.5% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara bersama-sama interaksi teman sebaya dan efikasi diri secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar sehingga motivasi belajar dapat ditingkatkan dengan meningkatkan interaksi teman sebaya dan efikasi diri
BERSYUKUR PADA REMAJA PEREMPUAN DARI KELAS EKONOMI MENENGAH YANG MENGALAMI BODY DISSATISFACTION
Authors: Ananta Aliffia , Purwanti Rina Dwi
Published: January 2022

Bersyukur atau gratitude adalah bentuk apresiasi yang dilakukan oleh individu ketika seseorang melakukan sesuatu yang baik atau membantu. Secara spesifik bersyukur dapat diartikan perasaan bahagia ketika menerima kebaikan atau melihat suatu kebaikan yang terjadi secara alamiah. Bersyukur dapat memberikan manfaat beberapa diantaranya adalah mencegah perasaan negatif, memotivasi adanya peningkatan diri, meningkatkan self-esteem, serta terbuktinya bersyukur memiliki kaitan dengan kondisi kesehatan yang lebih baik. Hal ini bisa jadi bertolak belakang Body Dissatisfaction atau ketidakpuasan terhadap bentuk tubuh. Body Dissatisfaction adalah penialaian negatif terhadap bentuk tubuh yang dimiliki. Remaja yang menghalami Body Dissatisfaction akan berfokus pada hal-hal negatif yang terjadi, mengalami kesulitan untuk melihat hal-hal positif, kelebihan, dan hal-hal apa yang mereka miliki. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran beryukur pada remaja perempuan dari kelas ekonomi menengah yang mengalami Body Dissatisfaction. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah The Gratitude Questionaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6) yang disusun oleh McCullough et al., (2002)
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DENGAN ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR PADA PERAWAT
Authors: Rungkat Dany Stefanus , Arianti Rudangta
Published: January 2022

Organisasi yang sukses memerlukan karyawan yang akan melakukan tugas mereka melebihi pekerjaan yang telah ditetapkan dan diharapkan. Pemimpin transformasional akan mengubah perilaku para bawahannya agar dapat mengubah cara kerja menjadi lebih baik dengan memotivasi para bawahannya. Perilaku - perilaku yang dihasilkan ini dapat memunculkan sikap organizational citizenship behavior. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dengan organizational citizenship behavior pada perawat di RS ‘’X’’ Manado. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif korelasional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik sampling insidental, dengan jumlah sampel 65 perawat. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Skala Organizational Citizenship Behavior punya Organ yang dikembangkan oleh Podsakoff, dkk dan Skala Kepemimpinan Transformasional oleh Bass & Avolio yang dimodifikasi oleh penulis. Hasil koefisien korelasi antara kepemimpinan transformasional dengan OCB sebesar 0,832, dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p < 0,05) yang berarti bahwa ada hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dengan OCB. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis yang diajukan peneliti diterima
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG IMUNISASI DPT PADA BAYI DENGAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT DIFTERI PERTUSIS DAN TETANUS DI PUSKESMAS KORPRI BANDAR LAMPUNG TAHUN 2020
Authors: Alfarisi Ringgo , Oktobiannobel Jordy , Julianto Tri Wibowo
Published: January 2022

DPT immunization is the basic immunization used to prevent diphtheria pertussis and tetanus. According to data from the Bandar Lampung City Health Office from 30 health centers in Bandar Lampung, the Korpri Puskesmas in Sukarame District is the health center with the lowest complete basic immunization coverage, which is 60.8% in 2015. The low immunization coverage rate is inseparable from health behavior and parental knowledge about DPT immunization. Purpose of this study to determine the relationship between the level of mother's knowledge about DPT immunization in infants with the prevention behavior of diphtheria pertussis and tetanus at the Korpri Puskesmas Bandar Lampung in 2020. This study used an observational and analytic type of study with a cross sectional approach and a questionnaire interview method. The sample used in this study were mothers who had babies in the work area of the Korpri Bandar Lampung Community Health Center in 2020. Data analysis used Chi-Square. The result It is known that 7 mothers (77.8%) have bad knowledge about DPT immunization and bad behavior towards DPT disease prevention, as many as 2 mothers (22.2%) have bad knowledge about DPT immunization and good behavior towards DPT disease prevention. A total of 28 mothers (33.3%) had good knowledge about DPT immunization and bad behavior towards DPT disease prevention, as many as 56 mothers (66.7%) had good knowledge about DPT immunization and good behavior towards DPT disease prevention. Chi-square test results obtained p-value = 0.024 (p ≤ 0.05), which means that there is a relationship between the level of maternal knowledge and the prevention behavior of diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus. There is a significant relationship between the level of maternal knowledge about DPT immunization in infants with the prevention behavior of diphtheria pertussis and tetanus at the Korpri Puskesmas Bandar Lampung in 2020 with a p-value = 0.024 (p ≤ 0.05).
Az SGLT-2-gátlók diabetológián túlmutató előnyei
Authors: Jermendy György
Published: January 2022

Az SGLT-2-gátlók kardiovaszkuláris és renális előnyeire a 2-es típusú cukorbetegek körében végzett biztonságossági vizsgálatok (EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS Program, DECLARE, VERTIS CV) eredményei hívták fel a figyelmet. Ehhez csatlakoztak később azok a vizsgálatok, amelyeket közvetlenül a szívelégtelenség, illetve az idült vesebetegség befolyásolásának megítélése érdekében terveztek (cukorbetegek és nem cukorbetegek körében). A jelenlegi közlemény az SGLT-2-gátlókkal kapcsolatos új klinikai tanulmányok eredményeit tekinti át, kitérve arra, hogy ennek nyomán hogyan újult meg a klinikai gyakorlat. Az új adatok megalapozták a szakmai irányelvek módosulását is. Napjainkban annak vagyunk szemtanúi, hogy az SGLT-2-gátlók az eredetileg csak diabetológusok által használt antihyperglykaemiás szerekből speciális kardiológiai és nefrológiai indikációval is rendelkező készítményekké válnak.
Diabetológia a Korányi-Iskolában: dr. Magyar Imre és dr. Tamás Gyula
Authors: Gerő László
Published: January 2022

Magyar Imre professzor, a kiemelkedő humanista orvos 1910-ben született a magyar felvidéken, Losoncon. Budapesten, a Kölcsey Ferenc Gimnáziumban érettségizett, s még abban az évben (1928) felvették a Pázmány Péter Tudományegyetem orvosi fakultására. Végzése után a Korányi Sándor által vezetett III. Belgyógyászati Klinikára került, annak sajátos tudományos szellemét szívta magába. A II. világháború alatt különböző orvosi munkahelyeken dolgozott, túlélte a munkaszolgálatos évet, majd 1945 után visszakerült az (akkor már) I. számot viselő Belklinikára. 1965-ben lett a klinika igazgató professzora. Orvosi tevékenysége, a betegekkel való bánásmódja a mai napig követendő példa a fiatal orvosok számára. Dr. Tamás Gyula 1965-ben került az I. Belklinikára, ahol Magyar Imre munkacsoportjához csatlakozott. Keze alatt bontakozott ki a modern diabetológiai betegellátás, ezek közül is kiemelendő a cukorbeteg terhesek ellátása. Humboldt-ösztöndíjas éve után elintézte, hogy a klinika kapjon egy mesterséges pancreast (Biostator), s ennek segítségével is próbálta a betegeken a normoglykaemiát megközelítő anyagcsere-állapotot biztosítani. 1970-ben Magyar Imre megalapította a Magyar Diabetes Társaságot, aminek néhány év múlva Tamás Gyula lett a főtitkára. Sokoldalú tevékenységét azonban megszakította egy betegség, ami kerekesszékbe kényszerítette. 2012-ben eltávozott közülünk.
Finansowanie zadań oświatowych jednostek samorządu terytorialnego
Authors: Sekuła Alicja , Nucińska Joanna
Published: January 2022

Celem monografii jest przedstawienie, analiza i ocena procesu organizacji i finansowania zadań oświatowych w Polsce. W ujęciu szczegółowym w książce skupiono się opisie zasad organizacji i finansowania zadań oświatowych z punktu widzenia samorządu terytorialnego, w tym także zasad finansowania i przekazywania środków publicznych w formie dotacji placówkom prowadzonym przez podmioty inne niż jednostki samorządu terytorialnego. W efekcie wskazano zalety procesu organizacji i finansowania oświaty, a także jego mankamenty wraz z możliwościami ich likwidacji bądź minimalizacji wpływu na proces kształcenia uczniów i wychowanków. Zakres przestrzenny przedstawionych w książce badań i analiz obejmuje cały kraj. Na zakres podmiotowy składają się wszystkie jednostki samorządu terytorialnego, tj. stopnia gminnego, powiatowego i wojewódzkiego. Zakres czasowy pracy, co do zasady, obejmuje lata 2012-2019 (część empiryczna). W niektórych przypadkach, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do zagadnień prawnych, analizy przekraczają podstawowe ramy czasowe. Opis zmian w systemie oświaty i systemie jej finansowania przedstawiono od roku 1990, aby wyeksponować ich mnogość, nietrwałość i niestabilność, jednocześnie nakreślając tło rozwiązań funkcjonujących w badanym okresie. Prowadzone rozważania nawiązują także do aktualnego stanu prawnego. Adekwatnie do obranego celu sporządzono strukturę obejmującą pięć rozdziałów poprzedzonych wstępem i zwieńczonych zakończeniem.
Biomimicry Approach Adapted From The Fundamentals Of Design Development Process
Authors: Mohamad Zamberi Muhammad Faiq Hilmi , Md Hashim Azhari
Published: January 2022

Transport design inspiration form that requires the observation from the surrounding environment derived from the attribute and imitating inspiration between nature and transportation. The designer was inspired by the potential form obtained from the physically or philosophically aspect underneath nature's living organisms during the early phases of transport design development, particularly during the conceptual and proposal phases. As a result, researchers and designers began to aspire to nature as a problem solver in their conceptual design. This study aims to investigate natural characteristics that can be incorporated into transportation design projects through the design learning process, as well as obtaining an understanding of the users' perceptions of the suggested design. In this project, the learning process comprises of evaluating the design influence, system, and technology that emphasizes on the attributes of nature. As an outcome, a survey involving potential users was conducted by utilising questionnaires and distributed to the respondents. Finally, the findings demonstrated how nature may be used as a tool of research to break down barriers between natural science and engineering disciplines, notably in the domain of design. Furthermore, the responses revealed the respondents' views on the design as references in academic and industry practises.
Development and Evaluation of a Chinese Character Educational Board Game for Non-Native Learners
Authors: Chai Chuen Lee , Mohd Yusof Nor Azrina
Published: January 2022

There is no doubt that knowing Chinese gives graduates a competitive advantage. The ability to communicate fluently in Chinese has long been a requirement for Chinese employers, particularly those looking to do business in China's e-commerce market. Non-native learners must master four fundamental abilities in order to become literate in the Chinese language: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Previous research has found that writing Chinese characters is frequently the most difficult task for both non-native and native learners. The issue arises during the process of learning Chinese characters and excessive use of gadgets, while online learning inspires both researchers to create a Chinese educational board game dubbed the LiSCReW Family Board Game (LiSCReW). LiSCReW is an acronym for Listen, Speak, Count, Read, and Write. The purpose of this study is (i) to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the LiSCReW for learning Chinese characters; and (ii) to share non-native learners' perspectives and experiences while playing LiSCReW during a one-day exhibition at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Johor Campus. To facilitate playtesting and evaluation of the board game, a total of 22 students from UiTM Johor were conveniently selected. The findings indicate that the LiSCReW board game is an effective educational tool for learning Chinese characters. The results show that respondents are more confident in recognising Chinese characters (90.9%), pronouncing Chinese characters (68.2%), reading Chinese characters (54.6%), and applying the Chinese characters they learned while playing LiSCReW to their Chinese test (77.2%). The findings can be used to guide future research into the empirical testing of Flow Theory's applicability among a large number of respondents.
Antidiabetic Potential Screening of Ulin Fruit Extract (Eusideroxylon zwageri) Against Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Faisal Muhammad Rizani , Amanda Oktia Nada Widiasmira , Mursidah Diana Aulia , Mahdiyah Dede , Mukti Bayu Hari
Published: January 2022

Empirical evidence of complementary medicine from one community in Kalimantan often uses Ulin fruit (Eusideroxylon zwageri) for medical therapy or as herbal drinks by people with diabetes mellitus. This research aims to identify the antidiabetic compound of Ulin fruit extract against Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Extraction was performed by maceration method using 96% ethanol, phytochemical test of extracts, extract toxicity test on mice (50 mg/BW to 200 mg/BW), test antidiabetic extract in diabetic rats induced by STZ as much as 70 mg/kgBW with each extract dose of 150, 300, and 600 mg given for 14 days, positive control is Glibenclamide 0.25 mg/kg/day, and the negative control is CMC 1%. Phytochemical test results showed that the extract of Ulin contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, and steroids. Ulin fruit extract was not toxic to rats at 50, 150, and 200 mg for three days. Based on the Mann-Whitney test, there was an effect of giving the extract on changes in the average body weight and body temperature of rats during three days of administration (p = 0.000). The results showed novelty that the extract of Ulin fruit affected reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic rats during 14 days of administration (p=0.000).Keywords: Antidiabetic, Eusideroxylon zwageri, flavonoids, streprozotocin, diabetic rats
Computer Network Attack Detection Using Enhanced Clustering Technologies
Authors: Mutar Dhamyaa Salim
Published: January 2022

The need for security means has brought from the fact of privacy of data especially after the communication revolution in the recent times. The advancement of data mining and machine learning technology has paved the road for establishment an efficient attack prediction paradigm for protecting of large scaled networks. In this project, computer network intrusions had been eliminated by using smart machine learning algorithm. Referring a big dataset named as KDD computer intrusion dataset which includes large number of connections that diagnosed with several types of attacks; the model is established for predicting the type of attack by learning through this data. Feed forward neural network model is outperformed over the other proposed clustering models in attack prediction accuracy.
Habitar la contingencia
Authors: González Aguirre Igor Israel
Published: January 2022

En este trabajo se exploran las narrativas de jóvenes jaliscienses, de entre 15 y 29 años, que habitan el Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara (ZMG), México,ante la COVID-19. La investigación es de corte cualitativo y se realizó entre marzo de 2020 y marzo de 2021. Entre los hallazgos principales se tienen: la profundización de las desigualdades juveniles; la importancia de lo tecno-digital para la producción de las subjetividades juveniles (a la par de una inesperada tendencia al desapego mediático); y la ineficacia simbólica del discurso institucional-gubernamental en términos del afianzamiento de la seguridad ontológica de la juventud.
CALCULUS LEARNING VIA SCREENCAST-O-MATIC DURING THE PANDEMIC: AN EXPLORATION TOWARDS STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF MATH ANXIETY
Authors: Soesanto Robert Harry , Dirgantoro Kurnia Putri Sepdikasari
Published: January 2022

The emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic has transformed the learning system into an online mode, where students' anxiety became the spotlight for educators to create a learning environment that actively engages them. Many educators are competing in maximizing the use of technology to ensure students are engaged in the learning process. The study aims to explore students’ perception of math anxiety through the implementation of Screencast-O-Matic in calculus learning. This study involves 41 students at the university level and is conducted in mixed methods, using statistics and narrative descriptives. Questionnaires and open-ended questions are used to investigate students’ testimonies about the video made by Screencast-O-Matic and their perceptions of math anxiety after learning with the video given. The results showed that the implementation of Screencast-O-Matic video gradually reduces students’ mathematics anxiety during online calculus learning. Screencast-O-Matic offers educators the opportunity to build a web-based lecture learning system in audio-visual media to minimize students' anxiety levels. Furthermore, the most important things to consider while creating an educational video are clarity of message, user-friendliness, good visualization, and easy access to students anytime and anywhere.
Effect of an Inverse Parabolic Confining Electric Potential on Third Harmonic Generation in Cylindrical Quantum Wires
Authors: Tshipa Moletlanyi
Published: January 2022

A theoretical investigation of the effect of an inverse parabolic potential on third harmonic generation in cylindrical quantum wires is presented. The wave functions are obtained as solutions to Schrödinger equation solved within the effective mass approximation. It turns out that peaks of the third harmonic generation susceptibility (THGS) associated with nanowires of small radii occur at larger photon energies as compared to those associated with quantum wires of larger radii. The inverse parabolic potential red-shifts peaks of the THGS, and suppresses the amplitude of the THGS. THGS associated with higher radial quantum numbers is diminished in magnitude and blue-shifted, as a function of the photon energy. As a function of the inverse parabolic potential, the THGS still characterized by peaks, and the peaks shift to lower values of the potential as the photon energy increases.
The shape of knowledge redistribution within planning cultures
Authors: Peer Christian
Published: January 2022

With the beginning of the 21st century a series of large-scale urban development projects (LUDPs) were planned alongside the transformation or modernization of federal railway stations in Vienna. Herein, in October 2012 the City of Vienna together with the landowner set the course for a telling modified urban development project: the new general concept for the former railway station Wien Nordbahnhof. Just a stone’s throw away from the city’s center a new generation of citizens will find its home close or within the typological setting of an experimental superstructure, that is one of today’s biggest inner-city transformation zones, originally called the future city (“Stadt der Zukunft”). According to the city planners’ intentions the Nordbahnhof will be finished until the year of 2025 after a development process of more than three decades and a multifaceted process of public participation. The long period of development led to illuminating different imaginations of the future city and to a particular materialization of the shift of planning ideology into urban form, which accentuates a dialectical process of transformation. This paper focuses on crucial acts of resistance playing a role for the interplay of democracy and innovation within the transformation process in question.
The influence of meteorological conditions during traditional smoking on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content in traditional Polish pork ham
Authors: Choroszy Karolina , Tereszkiewicz Krzysztof
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was to examine the influence of meteorological conditions observed during the process of traditional smoking on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content in traditional Polish pork ham. The material of the study comprised traditional Polish pork ham, one of the most frequently purchased and consumed meat products in Poland. The analysed ham was smoked with the traditional method using beech chips and pieces. Smoking time was four hours. During laboratory research the basic chemical composition of the product was examined. Using the HPLC method, the level of 15 selected Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The obtained results show that the level of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the examined material depended on atmospheric pressure and relative air humidity. Atmospheric pressure significantly influenced the content of benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(a)anthracene and indeno(c,d)pyrene. Relative humidity impacted the absorption level of 5-methylchrysene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, benzo(j)fluoranthene and indeno(c,d)pyrene. An influence of air temperature during the smoking process on PAHs content in the product was not observed. The results indicate that traditional smoking should be conducted under conditions of high relative humidity – ideally above 75%, and high atmospheric pressure – above 1000 hPa.
Effect of two types of ozone treatments on the quality of apple fruits
Authors: Balawejder Maciej , Matłok Natalia , Sowa Wioletta , Kończyk Natalia , Piechowiak Tomasz , Zapałowska Anita
Published: January 2022

The aim of this research was to demonstrate the effect of the ozonation process (exposure to ozone in gaseous form and rinsing in water saturated with ozone) on selected apple parameters. The scope of the study included: conducting the ozonation process under controlled conditions at a concentration of 1 ppm and exposure times of 1, 5 and 10 min (ozone in gaseous form) and 10, 15 and 30 min (ozonated water), respectively; polyphenols research; determining antiradical activity using ABTS radicals; and determining the influence of the applied method on the volatiles that give rise to odor chemicals (fragrance and aroma). In both cases, measurements were taken 24 hours after the ozonation process. Both exposure to ozone in gaseous form and washing in ozonated water did not adversely affect the appearance of the fruit. The rinsing process in ozonated water did not significantly affect the composition of the compounds responsible for the fruit’s odor. The proposed washing conditions affected the biochemical balance of the fruit. Differences in polyphenol content and antioxidant potential were noted. The mean content of polyphenols expressed as gallic acid equivalent in the control sample was determined to be 15.22 mg/100 g. In comparing the content of polyphenols with the control sample, insignificant changes in their content were noted, except for the sample with the longest ozonation. In the case of fruit washed within 30 minutes, a significant increase by 53% in antioxidant potential was noted. α- Farnesene was identified as the main component established by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) procedure. The proposed ozonation conditions made it possible to keep the volatile compounds influencing the sensory properties of apples unchanged.
Orthogonal decomposition of the sum-symmetry model using the two-parameters sum-symmetry model for ordinal square contingency tables
Authors: Ando Shuji
Published: January 2022

Studies have been carried out on decomposing a model with symmetric structure using a model with asymmetric structure. In the existing decomposition theorem, the sum-symmetry model holds if and only if all of the two-parameters sum-symmetry, global symmetry and concordancediscordance models hold. However, this existing decomposition theorem does not satisfy the asymptotic equivalence for the test statistic, namely that the value of the likelihood ratio chi-squared statistic of the sum-symmetry model is asymptotically equivalent to the sum of those of the decomposed models. To address this issue, this study introduces a new decomposition theorem in which the sum-symmetry model holds if and only if all of the two-parameters sum-symmetry, global symmetry and weighted global-sum-symmetry models hold. The proposed decomposition theorem satisfies the asymptotic equivalence for the test statistic—the value of the likelihood ratio chi-squared statistic of the sum-symmetry model is asymptotically equivalent to the sum of those of the two-parameters sum-symmetry, global symmetry and weighted global-sum-symmetry models.
Facing sampling techniques as an optimal design problem
Authors: Kitsos Christos P.
Published: January 2022

The aim of this paper is to investigate and discuss the common points shared, in their line of development, by both Sampling Theory and Design of Experiments. In fact, Sampling Theory adopts the main optimality criterion of the Optimal Design of Experiments, the minimization of variance, i.e. D-optimality. There is also an approach based on c-optimality, as far as ratio estimates are concerned, in Design of Experiments, and the A-optimality involved in a proposed Sampling technique. It is pointed out that the L2 norm is mainly applied as a distance measure.
On sample size calculation in testing treatment efficacy in clinical trials
Authors: Tamanna Rownak Jahan , Alam M. Iftakhar , Hossain Ahmed , Khan Md Hasinur Rahaman
Published: January 2022

Sample size calculation is an integral part of any clinical trial design, and determining the optimal sample size for a study ensures adequate power to detect statistical significance. It is a critical step in designing a planned research protocol, since using too many participants in a study is expensive, exposing more subjects to the procedure. If a study is underpowered, it will be statistically inconclusive and may cause the whole protocol to fail. Amidst the attempt to maximize power and the underlying effort to minimize the budget, the optimization of both has become a significant issue in the determination of sample size for clinical trials in recent decades. Although it is hard to generalize a single method for sample size calculation, this study is an attempt to offer something that might be a basis for finding a permanent answer to the contradictions of sample size determination, by the use of simulation studies under simple random and cluster sampling schemes, with different sizes of power and type I error. The effective sample size is much higher when the design effect of the sampling method is smaller, particularly less than 1. Sample size increases for cluster sampling when the number of clusters increases.
Compensatory Health Beliefs, Locus of Control, Social Support and Quality of Life in Oil Spills-Prone Environment
Authors: Ilevbare Femi Monday , Oluwaseyi Ajibade Oluwaseun , Erhabor Idemudia Sunday
Published: January 2022

The role of compensatory health beliefs, locus of control and social support on quality of life in oil-spills prone environment in developing countries, especially Nigeria has not been explicated. This study examined the role of compensatory health beliefs, locus of control and social support on quality of life among 453 (age 21-50 years; M= 36.02; SD = 12.04) residents in Ilaje and Ese-Odo Local Government Area (LGA’s) in Ondo State of Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was adopted in selecting participants. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire that measured socio-demographics, compensatory health beliefs, locus of control, social support and quality of life. Results revealed that compensatory health beliefs predict quality of life in the study area. Also, social support contributes to quality of life. We suggest that a comprehensive psychosocial intervention program should be carried out to improve quality of life in oil spill-prone communities.
On Weakly Associative Lattices and Near Lattices
Authors: Sawicki Damian , Grabowski Adam
Published: January 2022

Summary. The main aim of this article is to introduce formally two generalizations of lattices, namely weakly associative lattices and near lattices, which can be obtained from the former by certain weakening of the usual well-known axioms. We show selected propositions devoted to weakly associative lattices and near lattices from Chapter 6 of [15], dealing also with alternative versions of classical axiomatizations. Some of the results were proven in the Mizar [1], [2] system with the help of Prover9 [14] proof assistant.
Splitting Fields
Authors: Schwarzweller Christoph
Published: January 2022

Summary. In this article we further develop field theory in Mizar [1], [2]: we prove existence and uniqueness of splitting fields. We define the splitting field of a polynomial p ∈ F [X] as the smallest field extension of F, in which p splits into linear factors. From this follows, that for a splitting field E of p we have E = F (A) where A is the set of p’s roots. Splitting fields are unique, however, only up to isomorphisms; to be more precise up to F -isomorphims i.e. isomorphisms i with i|F
= Id
F
. We prove that two splitting fields of p ∈ F [X] are F -isomorphic using the well-known technique [4], [3] of extending isomorphisms from F
1 → F
2 to F
1(a) → F
2(b) for a and b being algebraic over F
1 and F
2, respectively.
The (Positive) Design Environment as a Prerequisite of Design Orientation
Authors: Rocco Sanja
Published: January 2022

Design is a human-centered activity. Every design project starts with the analysis of user needs and preferences. This means that design orientation of a company should also be positively related to company’s business results. However, in most transitional countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEECs), design environment is not supported, there is no clear national design policy, design implementation in companies varies, and there is no constant measurement of design impact. The main interest of this paper is to research the level of design implementation in Croatian companies related to the managerial approach and business results, because such research is usually undertaken in more developed countries. The study focuses on the perception of management. This quantitative research has been carried out using an Internet survey to examine managers and CEOs from Croatian companies in different industries. The results show positive relations between design environment and design orientation of a company and a significant impact of management.
Evaluation of Mixed Frequency Approaches for Tracking Near-Term Economic Developments in North Macedonia
Authors: Ramadani Gani , Petrovska Magdalena , Bucevska Vesna
Published: January 2022

Aggregate demand forecasting, also known as nowcasting when it applies to current quarter assessment, is of notable interest to policy makers. This paper concentrates on the empirical methods dealing with mixed-frequency data. In particular, it focuses on the MIDAS approach and its later extension, the Bayesian MFVAR. The two strategies are evaluated in terms of their accuracy to nowcast Macedonian GDP growth, using same monthly frequency data set. The results of this study indicate that the MIDAS regressions demonstrate comparable forecasting performance to that of MF-VAR model. Moreover, it is interesting to note that the two approaches are reciprocal, since in general, their combined forecast demonstrates clear superiority in predicting business cycle turning points. Additionally, the MF-VAR model showed higher precision in times of increased uncertainty.
Formation and characterization of furfuryl mercaptan-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex and its thermal release characteristics
Authors: Zhu Guangyong , Xiao Zuobing , Yu Gengfa , Zhu Guangxu , Niu Yunwei , Liu Junhua
Published: January 2022

Furfuryl mercaptan has the aroma characteristics of coffee. However, it is unstable during storage of coffee brew and roasted coffee. In order to enhance the stability of furfuryl mercaptan, furfuryl mercaptan-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was synthesized using the precipitation method in this work. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) were used to characterize the resulting products. The interaction of furfuryl mercaptan with β-cyclodextrin was investigated by the molecular mechanics (MM) method. These changes in FTIR and XRD gave supporting evidence for the successful formation of furfuryl mercaptan-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. The TG results showed that the formation of furfuryl mercaptan-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex could improve the thermal stability of furfuryl mercaptan and provide a long-lasting effect. The structure of furfuryl mercaptan-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex with the minimum energy was obtained by MM2 calculation, and the minimum binding energy was –77.0 kJ mol−1 at –1.96 × 10–10 m.