bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HYGIENIC EVALUATION OF THE OPERATOR’S WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF CHROMIUM DISILICIDE NANOCRYSTALLINE POWDERS BY HIGH-ENERGETICAL MECHANOACTIVATION METHOD
Authors: Yavorovskiy A. P. , Solokha N. V. , Demetskaya O. V. , Andrusishina I. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to carry out the physiological and hygienic evaluation of the working conditions of operators producing chromium disilicide nanopowders by high-energetical mechanoactivation method and to develop the preventive recommendations. Material and methods. The object of research was the technological process of producing nanocrystalline chromium disilicide powder within a planetary ball mill. The hygienic assessment of the technological process, technological equipment and psycho-physiologic evaluation of the working environment of the operators were carried out using the generally accepted psychophysiological, hygienic, and chronometer methods of study. The concentration of nanoparticles in the working area was measured using the diffusion aerosol spectrometer DAS-2702 («Aeronanoteh», Russia), the nanopowder particle size was measured by the device Analysette 12 DynaSizer («Fritsch», Germany), the chemical composition of air samples was determined by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES) using the device «Ortima 2100 DV» («Perkin-Elmer», USA). Results. It was found out for the first time that the mechanical activation process was accompanied by emission of nano-sized chromium into the air of the working area, which had not been detected before the beginning of the work. The total concentration of nanoparticles in the main room was 1.6-1.9 times higher than that in the working area of the planetary ball mill and exceeded the test levels recommended for nanomaterials in European countries. Conclusion. The basic adverse factors in case of producing nanopowder of chromium disilicide by mechanoactivation method are presence of nanoparticles of metals in the workplace air and intensity of work. We have proposed hygienic recommendations which are aimed at improving the plant design for the high-energy mechanical activation in the direction of ensuring tightness, reduction of manual work operations, audible and visual signaling during the technological process.
DYSTROPHIC CHANGES OF ILIOLUMBAR, LONG DORSAL, SACROILIAC, AND SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENTS IN PATIENTS WITH SECONDARY AMYLOIDOSIS
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Nazarenko I. V. , Achinovich S. L.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the nature of morphological and sonographic changes in the iliac-lumbar ligament, posterior long sacroiliac ligament, and sacroiliac ligament in amyloidosis. Material of research . Sectional data of a subject with secondary amyloidosis. Results. We have revealed some dystrophic changes in the iliac-lumbar, posterior long sacroiliac ligament, and sacro-ligamentous ligaments, the severity of which was significantly higher than the average values characteristic of that age period. Conclusion. Secondary amyloidosis is a pathological state that significantly affects the severity of dystrophic changes in ligaments and, accordingly, the character of the sonographic pattern.
Hodgkin's lymphoma WITH EXTRADURAL MANIFESTATIONS
Authors: Shalyga I. F. , Grishakov V. V. , Martemyanova L. A. , Turchenko S. Y. , Tereshkovets A. S. , Kozlovskaya T. V. , Avizhets Y. N.
Published: November 2021

Lymphogranulomatosis (synonyms: Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease) is a malignant disease whose characteristic cytomorphological feature is the presence of giant multinucleate Reed-Sternberg (Wright) cells and Berezovsky cells (Kraevsky N.A., Golovin D.I.). These cells are diagnostic for microscopic examination of affected organs.
SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH: MECHANISMS AND REASONS, RISK FACTORS, TREATMENT AND PREVENTION
Authors: Aleynikova T. V.
Published: November 2021

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) can be called one of the most important issues of modern cardiology for it is the first and the last sign of heart trouble in 25 % people and occurs in 60 % patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Interest to the problem is caused also by the fact that the SCD prevalence tends to increase. Obviously there are ways to take effective measures of prevention aimed at the improvement of the situation. The literature review presents analysis of publications containing topical information about mechanisms and reasons, risk factors and predictors for SCD and covers ways to treat and prevent the disease.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FEEDING ON THE BASIC PARAMETERS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF INFANTS LIVING IN GOMEL DURING THEIR FIRST YEAR OF LIFE
Authors: Kozlovsky A. A. , Melnik V. A. , Kurashevich E. V. , Kozlovsky1 (Jr) A. A. , Lopatenko E. O.
Published: November 2021

Aim of research: to carry out comparative assessment of monthly gains of length, body mass, head circumference, and chest circumference in healthy full-term infants during their first year of life receiving different types of feeding. Material and methods of research. We have analyzed monthly gains of the basic parameters of physical development of 200 full-term infants by the results of the retrospective survey of histories of infant development performed at Branch No. 3 of state health institution «Gomel City Central Children`s Out-Patient Clinic». Results. We have revealed accelerated gains of body mass, head circumference, and chest circumference in the first quarter and some lag of these parameters in other periods (as compared to the parameters recommended by the WHO). At the same time, the gain of body length practically did not differ from the standard one. On the whole, the average gains of body mass and body length, head circumference, and chest circumference in most the infants by 12 months did not differ from the standard ones. Only the girls receiving artificial feeding noted an inadequate gain of body length in comparison with the standard one (22.34 and 25 см correspondingly; -10.6 %), and those who were receiving natural feeding detected a decrease of the average gain of chest circumference by 10.4 %. Conclusion. We have found uneven rates of gains of the basic parameters of physical development in contemporary infants during their first year of life which do not depend on the type of feeding.
INDUSTRIAL WOOL DUST AS A RISK FACTOR FOR ALLERGY OF WORKERS
Authors: Shevlyakov V. V. , Sychik S. I. , Erm G. I. , Grushevskaya M. A. , Filanyuk V. A.
Published: November 2021

Intensive allergenic activity of the protein-antigenic substances of wool dust and their ability to induce allergic reactions under the inhalation influence in concentrations equal to or below the current MPC in the air of a working area has been determined experimentally. The results of the study give a basis to attribute the working conditions of workers who contact with wool aerosols to the high level allergenic hazard with the associated high potential risk of development of occupational allergic and industry-related immune dependent diseases.
THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LIFE QUALITY OF PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM IN THE LATE POSTOPERATIONAL PERIOD
Authors: Pokhozhai V. V. , Velichko A. V. , Dundarov Z. A. , Zyblev S. L.
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study was to analyze life quality of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism in the pre- and postoperational periods. 90 patients were examined and they were divided into 3 groups depending on the type of parathyroidectomy. The survey was done by means of the short questionnaire of life quality (SF-36) before the surgery and in the late postoperational period. The received data indicate that the parameters of life quality in the postoperational period increase in all the groups of the patients. However, the highest values were found in the patients who had underwent the mini-incision surgery.
POSTADDICTIVE HYPOCHONDRIASIS. CASE REPORT
Authors: Tolkanets S. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective : to study the pathogenesis and to illustrate clinical cases of postaddictive hypochondriasis developing after severe psychopathological panic-like attacks. Material and methods . 3 patients with borderline psychic conditions undergoing treatment in the neurosis wards were included into the study. The methods of the study were psychopathological, anamnestic, clinical, and dynamical. Results . The study has exposed a complex structure of anxious and panic-like attacks which meets the criteria of existential crisis in the personality dynamics of constitutional anomalies with the pathologic drives and development of postaddictive hypochondriasis. Conclusion . The study has showed that postaddictive hypochondriasis belongs to the cluster of personality disorders.
HEREDITARY CALCINOSIS OF ARTERIES WITH PERIARTHERIAL CALCINOSIS OF SOFT TISSUES
Authors: Darchiya O. V. , Malayeva E. G. , Khudyakov I. A. , Tsitko E. V. , Vakulchik I. O. , Bontsevich D. N. , Kaplan M. L. , Menshakova M. N.
Published: November 2021

The article describes a clinical case of a rare disease - hereditary calcinosis of arteries, which was diagnosed in a pregnant woman and had an asymptomatic course.
THE CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS
Authors: Lyzikova Yu. A.
Published: November 2021

Aim : to determine the clinical and microbiological features of bacterial vaginosis on the basis of the microbiological examination, assessment of the cytokine status in female patients. Material and methods . The article presents the results of the complex clinical and microbiological examination of 86 female patients of the fertile age. 30 (34.88 ± 5.14 %) patients were diagnosed bacterial vaginosis on the basis of revelation and identification of DNA of Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Lactobacillus spp. and the total number of bacteria. The control group consisted of 56 (65.12 ± 5.14 %) patients without bacterial vaginosis. The work also presents the results of the microbiological analysis of the material obtained from the cervical canal and endometrium. All the patients underwent blood tests for detection of the inflammatory reaction - interleukins IL-1, IL-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interferon (γ-IFN). Results . The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among the patients of the reproductive age was 34.8 %. The pathology of the reproductive function was found with equal frequency in the patients of both the groups. Disorders of the immune status in favor of pro-inflammatory cytokines were not diagnosed. The clinical and laboratory criteria made it possible to diagnose bacterial vaginosis in 3.49 % of the patients, the use of PCR diagnosis - in 34.88 %. The concentration of lactobacillus spp. is reliably lower in the patients with bacterial vaginosis, than in the control group (p = 0.0085). As for the concentrations of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae the groups do not significantly differ. Only 4 (13.33 ± 6.21 %) patients (χ = 5.51, p = 0.02) in the main group detected sexually transmitted infections, which should be taken into account while performing the diagnostic activities. Conclusion. The identification of DNA of certain kinds of microorganisms give an opportunity to assess the state of vaginal microcenosis and the degree of its malfunction even in the absence of clinical and other laboratory signs of bacterial vaginosis. The malfunction of the biocenosis of the genital tract is not associated with disorders of the reproductive function and does not lead to a change in the cytokine status. Patients with bacterial vaginosis are in the risk group for development of sexually transmitted infections, which should be taken into account while performing the diagnostic activities.
THE THICKNESS OF THE GREAT sacrosciatic ligament IN PATIENTS WITHOUT CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF LOW BACK PAIN SYNDROME
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Bobovich N. V.
Published: November 2021

Purpose: to define the thickness of the great sacrosciatic ligament in patients without clinical manifestation of low back pain syndrome. Material and methods. The thickness of the great sacrosciatic ligament has been measured in 60 patients (35 males and 25 females aged 20-73) without clinical manifestation of low back pain syndrome. Results . We have defined a range of values of the thickness of the middle one-third part of the great sacrosciatic ligament (2.1-3.9 mm) in patients without clinical manifestation of low back pain syndrome and have found some symptomless difference in the thickness of contrlateral ligaments within 3-19 % in certain patients. Conclusion . The obtained data make it possible to distinguish the normal and pathological changes in cases of increased thickness of the great sacrosciatic ligament.
THE ASSOTIATION BETWEEN VITAMIN D AND THE MARKERS OF DISEASE ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Myslivets M. G. , Paramonova N. S.
Published: November 2021

Aim: to assess the blood serum level of vitamin D in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis living in Grodno region in comparison with that of healthy ones and to establish its association with the activity of the inflammatory process. Material and methods. 123 patients were examined and among them there were: 42 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, 40 children with arthritis, without autoimmune diseases and the group of comparison consisting of 41 patients. Vitamin D [25(OH)D total] serum level was evaluated by ELISA test. Results. The average blood serum level of 25(OH)D in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis was 19.0 (12.9-24.3) ng/mL. The significant negative correlation between ESR, CRP, seromucoid and blood serum level of 25(OH)D have been determined. Conclusion. The revealed associations are indicative of the association of vitamin D deficiency and course, progression of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in children.
ACCELERATION OF THE FIXATION OF SURGICAL AND BIOPSY MATERIAL
Authors: Krylov A. Yu. , Yanchenko U. V. , Mlyaviy A. N. , Krylov Yu. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to develop a method for accelerating the fixation of biopsy material by adding dimexide to formalin. Material and methods. The method of adding food coloring E124 (ponso 4R) (1 mg/ml) to buffered formalin was used to study its penetration into biopsy material by leiomyomas delivered for an urgent histological study. In the test group, dimexide was added to the structure of the biopsy material as a dye penetration accelerator at a final concentration of 20%. The material was evaluated morphometrically in percents of the area of the stained areas. Results. The complete staining of all the samples of the experimental series with the addition of dimexide was observed after 12 hours of the fixation, and in the control sample only in three pieces out of six. In the remaining three samples, 75; 76 and 86% were painted. In two observations of breast cancer the expression of the fixation with the addition of 20% dimexide concentration to formalin after 12 hours corresponded to 24 hours of the fixation in the usual way. Conclusion. The addition of dimexide to buffered formalin at a final concentration of 20% made it possible to substantially accelerate the fixation without distorting the results of IGH examining the expression of markers included in the standard panel of IHC studies (Er, Pg, Ki-67, HER2).
A CLINICAL CASE OF MULTIPLE PRIMARY MALIGNANT TUMORS
Authors: Kravchenko M. . , Malayeva E. G. , Tsytko E. V. , Khudyakov I. A. , Dmitriyenko A. A. , Kobruseva L. A.
Published: November 2021

Multiple primary malignant tumors are one of the complex and insufficiently studied problems of clinical oncology. Over the past decade, an annual increase in the number of patients with polyneoplasia has been observed worldwide, which is associated with an increase in the overall oncological morbidity, improved diagnosis, good results in the treatment of oncological pathology and an increase in the life expectancy of patients. In the literature resources there are few data on the combination of uveal melanoma with other malignant tumors. Uveal melanoma is a rare type of melanoma, but among intraocular tumors it takes the leading place in terms of its incidence rate. Despite the successful local treatment, the prognosis for the patients remains unfavourable due to the high metastatic tumor potential. The article describes a clinical case of multiple primary malignant tumors one of which was uveal melanoma, which determined the prognosis of the patient.
NEURO-SPECIFIC BLOOD PROTEINS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PRECLINICAL FORMS OF DIABETIC DISTAL POLYNEUROPATHY
Authors: Yarets Yu. I. , Malkov A. B.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the information value of laboratory markers of nervous tissues to diagnose preclinical variants of distal diabetic polyneuropathy. Material and methods. We examined patients (n = 181) who were divided into 2 groups: the main group (n = 81) with the verified diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the comparison group (n=100) without any endocrine pathology. The results having obtained in the main group were compared depending on the preclinical form of distal diabetic polyneuropathy detected on the basis of the electroneuromyography data: sensory form (group 1, n = 49) and sensor-motor form (group 2, n = 32). The levels of neuro-specific proteins: neuron-specific enolase (NSE), protein S 100 were determined in the blood of the patients. Results. It has been found that the NSE level in the patients of the main group was mainly within 0.17 and 2 ng/ml and, more rarely, within 2.07 and 6.93 ng/ml. The range of normal NSE values in the patients of the comparison group was mainly within 8.01 and 12.0 ng/ml. The ranges of S 100 protein values did not differ in patients with DM or without DM. The threshold value of NCE = 1.04 ng/ml has been found, which makes it possible to perform a differential diagnosis of the preclinical forms of distal diabetic polyneuropathy (groups 1 and 2) with sensitivity and specificity of 85.7%; (± 95% CI: 72.8-94.1) and 78.1% (± 95% CI: 60.0-90.7), respectively. Conclusion The level of NSE is a sensitive marker of distal diabetic polyneuropathy which allows to detect the development of distal diabetic polyneuropathy during the preclinical stage, as well as to perform a differential diagnosis of sensory and sensor-motor preclinical forms.
THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH LOCAL WOUND DEFECTS AND DIABETES MELLITUS AND MONITORING OF ITS EFFICACY
Authors: Slavnikov I. A. , Yarets Yu. I. , Dundarov Z. A.
Published: November 2021

The article covers problematic aspects of the management of local wound defects in patients with diabetes mellitus, analyzes and summarizes modern data of national and foreign researchers in this area.
PRIMARILY INFECTED ANEURYSM OF THE INFRARENAL PORTION OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA
Authors: Lyzikov A. A. , Kaplan M. L.
Published: November 2021

Primarily infected aneurysm of the abdominal aorta is a rare but life-threatening disease that is difficult to diagnose. The progression of the disease and absence of timely surgical treatment lead to development of such complications as a rupture, which is accompanied by an extremely high mortality rate. The article presents a clinical case of a verified infected aneurysm of the infrarenal aorta caused by Citrobacter freundii . The clinical case describes successful treatment of a primary infected aortic aneurysm with open surgical resection and revascularization by aortic-bifemoral bypass. The intraoperative findings allowed to suspect that the aneurysm was infected, and a sample from its lumen was taken for bacteriological examination. The specific features of the course of the postoperative period were a long-term remitting fever, a long period of lymphorrhea from areas of postoperative wounds. This condition required adjustment of the antibacterial therapy according to the sensitivity of the detected Citrobacter freundii .
Chatterjee phenomenon
Authors: Seyfidinova S. G.
Published: November 2021

Chatterjee phenomenon reflects changes in repolarization of the myocardium after long-term abnormal depolarization of the ventricles and is revealed in changes of the final part of the spontaneous ventricular complex on the electrocardiogram. The article presents a clinical example of Chatterjee phenomenon in a female patient after implantation of a pacemaker, which was detected by the electrocardiogram data during the early postoperative period.
A COMPLEX CASE OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY AND LYMPHOMA
Authors: Novikova I. A. , Salivonchik A. P. , Plotnikova N. M. , Hoduleva S. A. , Makeyeva K. S.
Published: November 2021

The article presents a complex case of differential diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency and lymphoma in a 29-year-old patient, shows the diagnostic tactics of forming the diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency (general variable immune deficiency) and describes the clinical manifestations, as well as laboratory and instrumental studies and the performed therapy.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF AGE-RELATED AND DYSTROPHIC CHANGES DEVELOPING IN THE ILIOLUMBAR, LONG DORSAL SACROILIAC AND SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENTS (IN VITRO) DUE TO FUNCTIONAL OVERUSE
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Achinovich S. L. , Nazarenko I. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to develop a method for differential diagnosis of age-related and dystrophic changes developing in the iliolumbar, long dorsal sacroiliac, and sacrotuberous ligaments due to functional overuse. Material : iliolumbar, long dorsal sacroiliac ligaments, and sacrotuberous ligaments taken from 101 corpses (65 men and 36 women, aged 25-83). Results. We have obtained data describing the intensity of dystrophic changes in the iliolumbar, long dorsal sacroiliac, and sacrotuberous ligaments at different age periods of patients. Conclusion . Comparison of a patient`s Bonar score with the permissible age-related changes makes it possible to differentiate age-related changes from those caused by functional overuse.
Antibacterial Activity of Hypogymnia Physodes Extract and its Combinations with Antibiotics Against Enterococci
Authors: Tapalsky D. V. , Kosenkova K. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective : to study antibacterial properties of Hypogymnia physodes extract and its combinations with antibiotics against vancomycin-sensitive and vancomycin-resistant strains of enterococci. Material and methods. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the acetone extract of H. physodes for reference and clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis were determined by the serial broth dilution method. Evaluation of efficiency of the combined effect of the H. physodes extract in combination with antibiotics was carried out using the modified disc-diffusion method and «chessboard» method. Results. We have revealed marked antibacterial activity (MIC 32-64 mcg/ml) of the acetone extract of H. physodes against vancomycin-sensitive and vancomycin-resistant strains of enterococci and found a synergistic effect (ΣFIC from 0.125 to 0.375) of the combination of the H. physodes extract and aminoglycosides against E. faecalis , including vancomycin-resistant strains. Conclusion. H. physodes is a promising source of compounds with antibacterial activity, further research is required to identify and isolate a secondary metabolite having synergistic activity in combination with aminoglycosides from the lichen extract.
Organizational and Clinical Approaches to Delivering Health Care to Patients with Anophthalmos
Authors: Barash A. N. , Sharshakova T. M. , Malinovskiy G. F.
Published: November 2021

On the basis of the analysis of the approaches to the organization of medical care to patients after ocular prosthetics existing in the Republic of Belarus and the study of the level of awareness of ophthalmologists about the problem of anophthalmos, organizational and clinical recommendations about delivery of health care to this category of patients have been offered. The model of the organization of such care has been developed and comprises a multidisciplinary approach and an algorithm of examination and dispensary observation of patients with anophthalmos for the ophthalmologist in out-patient conditions.
Dynamics of Changing Attitude of Medical Students to People Living with HIV (Results of Prospective Study for 2012-2018)
Authors: Volchenko A. N. , Mitsura V. M. , Mosunova E. A. , Bolduzeva T. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study dynamics of the attitude of students of Gomel State Medical University to HIV-positive people. Material and methods. The study was conducted by the method of a sociological survey in which six year students of the Faculty of General Medicine of Gomel State Medical University took part: 145 in 2012 and 137 in 2018. Results. A tolerant attitude towards HIV-positive people is noted among the students of the medical university, 73.8 % (95 % CI 61.9-85.8 %) of the respondents in 2012 and 82.4 % (95 % CI 75.4-89.4 %) in 2018 are ready to communicate and have social contacts with HIV-positive people. While there is a relatively high level of tolerance in the answers to questions related to general situations and social interactions, some tension was revealed if situations affect the respondent personally, which can be a prerequisite for discrimination in personal situations. Conclusion. It is necessary to pay attention to matters of HIV discrimination during work with students and young doctors in order to prevent stigmatization of HIV-positive patients by health care workers.
Analysis of the Carcinogenic Potential of Helicobacter Pylori Based on Determination of the Degree of Phosphorylation of the Caga Protein Bacteria
Authors: Voropaev E. V. , Osipkina O. V. , Baranov O. Yu. , Zyatkov A. A. , Bonda N. A. , Platoshkin E. N. , Voropaeva A. V. , Belyakovsky V. N. , Achinovich S. L. , Shaforost A. S. , Zaitseva V. I.
Published: November 2021

The developed molecular and genetic method for analysis of the carcinogenic potential of Helicobacter pylori based on determining the degree of phosphorylation of the cytotoxin-associated protein of the bacterium (CagA) has been presented. The degree of phosphorylation of CagA protein of Helicobacter pylori is estimated by determining the number and type of so-called EPIYA (Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala) motifs at the carboxyl end of the CagA protein region using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and sequencing of the CagA gene locus. The proposed method can be used to form groups of patients who need additional examination and follow-up observation for the purpose of early prediction of pathological conditions associated with the infectious process caused by Helicobacter pylori strains dominating in the Republic of Belarus. The determination of the number and type of EPIYA motifs can be used as an additional criterion for detection of risk groups for gastrointestinal diseases.
A Method of Mobilization of the Lower Epigastric Artery for Bypass Penile Revascularization Surgery
Authors: Povelitsa E. A. , Shesternya A. M. , Anashkina E. E. , Parhomenko O. V.
Published: November 2021

The effectiveness of microsurgical revascularization performed according to indications ranges from 85.3% within the first three years of observation and up to 65.5 % during a five-year follow-up. These data are significant evidence of the necessity to rationalize both the indications for this kind of surgery and the surgical techniques. Five revascularization operations were performed using the Virag II and Michal II technique in the Sharlip modification with a satisfactory result. Two-stage combined revascularization, including angioplasty and stent placement in the common iliac artery as the first stage and open penile revascularization surgery as the second stage was performed in one patient. In all the cases, the lower epigastric artery (epigastrica inferior) was used as a donor artery for bypass epigastric-penile anastomosis. The article discusses issues of the mobilization of the above artery for its use as a donor shunt, as well as methods of prevention and diagnosis of arterial thrombosis in it in the postoperative period with the use of duplex ultrasound and angiography.
Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor for Skin Pathology
Authors: Bakalets N. F. , Poroshina L. A.
Published: November 2021

The article describes pathogenetic factors of metabolic syndrome and skin diseases that are most often associated with it, gives data on treatment of metabolic syndrome.
An Experimental Model of Liver Cirrhosis in Laboratory Animals
Authors: Yevseyenko D. A. , Dundarov Z. A. , Nadyrov E. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to develop and justify the application of a new experimental method of the simulation of liver cirrhosis in laboratory animals. Material and methods. The simulation of liver cirrhosis was performed on 11 eugamic white Wistar male rats with the body weight of 203.5 ± 22.2 g (experimental group). The control group consisted of 12 healthy laboratory animals. Acute toxic liver injury resulting in cirrhosis was caused by means of the intraperitoneal administration of 50 % solution of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in olive oil on the first day of the experiment at a dosage of 0.1 ml of CCl4 + 0.4 ml of olive oil per 100 g of the body weight of the animals, on the second day of the experiment - 0.3 ml of CCl4 + 0.2 ml of olive oil per 100 g of the body weight of the animals. For synergism and potentiation of the hepatotoxic effect of CCl4, the animals daily had free access to 10% ethanol solution. The duration of the experiment was 65 days. The clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated, the histological assessment of the preparations was carried out. The obtained data were compared with the same parameters of the control group of the animals. Results. The reproducibility of the model was 81.8% (9 animals). The values of the biochemical blood analysis indicated statistically significant increases in the levels of total bilirubin, serum transaminases (AST, ALT), creatinine, a decrease in the glucose level in the animals of the experimental group. The complex morphological confirmation of liver cirrhosis in progress was obtained. Conclusion. The proposed method of the liver cirrhosis modeling correlate with the values of the biochemical blood analysis, pathological changes in the tissue of the liver and internal organs of liver cirrhosis in humans. With the help of the original model, it is possible to investigate the pathogenesis and effects of various groups of pharmacological drugs on liver cirrhosis and its complications (acute blood loss associated with the syndrome of portal hypertension).
The Symptom-Free Course of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Shut S. A. , Platoshkin E. N. , Dorogokupets A. Yu.
Published: November 2021

Gastric cancer is one of the most common neoplasms in the world. The morbidity and mortality rates of this pathology in the Republic of Belarus are high. This is often associated with late case detection due to the absence of clinical manifestations. Recurrent thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery branches may be the only clinical manifestation in patients with malignant tumors. This necessitates cancer screening on patients with thrombosis of unknown etiology.
Morphological Changes in the Testis of Wistar Rats Under the Influence of Non-Specific Chronic Stress
Authors: Solodova E. K. , Kidun K. A. , Ugolnik T. S.
Published: November 2021

The experiment on male Wistar rats has demonstrated that the exposure to modelled chronic stress for 10 days causes disturbances of spermatogenesis processes and exerts influence on the decrease of the relative number of Leydig cells in the rats` testis. It has been found that after 10 days of the chronic stress modelling by Ortiz J., the number of active forms of the Leydig cells decreases and the number of non-active forms of steroid-producing cells increases in the interstitial tissue of the testis of the Wistar rats.
The Prevalence of Hypercalciemia in Adult Population of the Gomel Region
Authors: Velichko A. V. , Veyalkin I. V. , Rozhko A. V. , Yarets Yu. I.
Published: November 2021

Aim: to study the prevalence of hypercalcemia among adults in the Gomel region. Materials and methods. The results of a selective study of the prevalence of hypercalcemia among residents of the Gomel region are presented. The study involved 1366 people (884 women, 482 men) from 20 to 71 years old, who passed tests of blood for serum calcium by the arsenase method. Results. The median age of patients was 32.0 [32.0; 54.0] years. Hypercalcemia was detected in 41 people of 3.0 (2.16-4.0) % and was significantly higher in men (4.0 (2.55-6.0) %) compared with women (2.0 (1, 48-4.0) %), p = 0.07. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of hypercalcemia in persons over 45 years old (3.6 (2.2-5.5) %) and younger (2.6 (1.6-3.9) %) (p = 0,33). At the same time, statistically significant differences were observed in women between the age groups of 30-39 (1.2 (0.4-2.7) % and 40-49 years (10.7 (2.3-28.2) %), p = 0.01. Conclusion. The result we obtained indicates quite big proportion of people with a high content of calcium in the blood in the population of the Republic of Belarus. This may indicate that they have a certain hidden pathology.
Application of Extremely High Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Oncologic Pathology in the Conditions of a Palliative Care Unit
Authors: Smychek V. B. , Litvinov G. E. , Mai E. A. , Shpankova N. S. , Galinovskaya N. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective : to estimate the efficiency of the application of extremely high frequency electromagnetic radiation in patients with oncologic pathology of II, III and IV clinical groups undergoing rehabilitation in the conditions of a palliative care unit at different stages of the development of the disease regardless of the stage of the treatment. Material and methods. The examination included 30 patients diagnosed with oncologic pathology - 13 (43 %) women and 17 (57 %) men. They were divided into 2 groups. The main group comprised 15 people aged 45-79 who were undergoing a rehabilitation course of ten 10-minute sessions of extremely high frequency electromagnetic radiation of millimetric wave band. The study was conducted with the help of the device «Pramen M14T-Z» with a frequency of operating radiation of 42.194 ± 0.015 GHz (wavelength of 7.1 mm). The control group included 15 patients at the age of 34-84. The efficiency of the therapy was estimated by means of the standard questionnaires: the Rivermead Mobility Index (F. M. Collen of 1991), Beck Scale, Wakefield Self-Assessment of Depression Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM - D), DN4 and also the assessment of the general blood test before and after the treatment. Results. All the patients who had completed the rehabilitation course in the conditions of the palliative care unit with the application of extremely high frequency electromagnetic radiation of millimetric wave band (Shan Zhong point of VC.17) revealed a decrease in the neuropathic component of pain. Other positive clinical changes of varying degree were observed in both the groups. Conclusion. The application of extremely high frequency electromagnetic radiation is a perspective way of treatment in the complex rehabilitation of patients with oncologic pathology in the conditions of the palliative care unit.
Saddle Block as an Option of the Anesthesia Technique for Prostate Puncture Biopsy
Authors: Shaymardankulov F. N. , Karamyshev A. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to identify the most effective and safest anesthesia technique for prostate puncture biopsy by means of the comparative analysis of the parameters of hemodynamics, postoperative motor block, and anesthesia, as well as the patient's subjective assessment of the quality of anesthesia. Material and methods: 30 male patients were divided into 2 clinical groups depending on the anesthesia technique. In the 1st group (15 patients), puncture biopsies (BP) were done under saddle spinal anesthesia, in the 2nd group (15 patients) - with the application of traditional spinal anesthesia (SA). The comparative analysis of hemodynamic indices, motor block, the efficiency of anesthesia and the patient satisfaction with the quality of anesthesia was performed. Results. No statistically significant difference between the hemodynamic indices, intraoperative anesthesia and subjective assessment of the quality of anesthesia by the patients was revealed, but at the same time the comparison of the postoperative motor block between the study groups found some statistically significant differences.
The Clinical and Functional Description of the Cardiovascular System in Children with Diseases of the Circulatory System
Authors: Skuratova N. A. , Mikityuk A. V. , Fedorova V. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to give the clinical and functional characteristics of the cardiovascular system in children with diseases of the circulatory system. Material and мethods. The study involved 188 children aged 8-16 with different cardiovascular diseases (CVD) examined at the Cardiology Ward of Gomel Regional Children`s Hospital. Depending on the profile of their diseases, the children were divided into five main groups: group 1 - children with minor anomalies of heart development, group 2 - children with congenital heart diseases, group 3 - children with rhythm disorders, group 4 - children with autonomic dysfunction, group 5 - children with arterial hypertension. Along with the clinical examination the children were performed an electrocardiogram (ECG) and underwent Holter monitoring (HM). Results. The polymorphism of complaints was typical of the children of all the groups, according to the ECG data, conduction disturbances were the most common in the children of the first and second groups, and excitability disorders were typical of the children of the third group. Normal ECG was most often recorded in the children of the fourth and fifth groups. By the НM data arrhythmia (II Lown class and higher) was most frequently detected in the children of the first and third groups, arrhythmia of V class prevailed in the second group of the children. Conclusion. The cardiologic examination found that the children with CVD had various complaints and different arrhythmia classes, while the ECG of the majority of the children with autonomic dysfunction and hypertension detected mild arrhythmias, which is indicative of prognostically favorable disease outcomes. Clinically significant arrhythmias were revealed most frequently in the children with minor anomalies of heart development, cardiac rhythm disorders and congenital heart diseases.
Gender and Somatotype Features of the Diameters of the Small Saphenous Vein
Authors: Semeniago S. A. , Zhdanovich V. N.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the gender and somatotype features of the diameters of the small saphenous vein (SSV) and to search for a possible relation between the SSV, body mass index (BMI) and thickness of subcutaneous fatty tissue (SFT) on the posterior surface of the shin. Material and methods. The SSV diameter and SFT thickness were measured by duplex ultrasonography in 130 patients of both the genders and different somatotype and BMI. Results. It has been found that the SSV diameter does not depend on gender (p = 0.565) and SFT thickness (rs = 0.068). Dolichomorphic patients have a smaller SSV diameter than patients with other somatotypes (p = 0.0013). Patients with normal weight have a smaller SSV diameter than patients with overweight (р = 0.0417) and adiposity (р = 0.0165); there is a weak direct correlation between the diameter of SSV and BMI (rs = 0.228). Conclusion. The revealed information about the dependence of the SSV diameter on somatotypes and BMI could be used for the correction of the results of ultrasonography of the venous bed of the lower limbs.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS OF AGE-RELATED DYSTROPHIC CHANGES AND CHANGES ARISING FROM FUNCTIONAL OVERLOAD ON THE LUMBO-SACRAL LIGAMENTS
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Achinovich S. L.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to develop a method for the differential diagnosis of age-related dystrophic changes and also changes arising from functional overload on the iliolumbar, long dorsal sacroiliac and sacrotuberous ligaments. Material and methods . The iliolumbar, long dorsal sacroiliac ligaments and sacrotuberous ligaments taken from 101 corpses including 65 men and 36 women aged 24-83. Results. The data describing the intensity of the dystrophic changes in the iliolumbar, long dorsal sacroiliac and sacrotuberous ligaments for different age periods have been collected. Conclusion . The comparison of a particular patient’s results on Bonar scale with the permissible age-related changes makes it possible to differentiate between the age-related changes and those resulting from the functional overload.
One-Step Surgery in Pancreatic Head Cancer Complicated by Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Mikhailov I. V. , Bondarenko V. M. , Kudryashov V. A. , Achinovich S. L. , Kiselev P. G. , Nesterovich T. N. , Weerakoon Ch. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to analyze short-term and long-term results of one-step surgery in resectable pancreatic head cancer (PHC), complicated by obstructive jaundice. Material and methods. The retrospective analysis of 123 consecutive cases of the surgical treatment of PHC has been performed. Group I (N = 33) consisted of patients with the total bilirubin level up to 100 µmol/l, group II (N = 31) - with the level of total bilirubin of 100-287 µmol/l who had undergone the one-step surgery. Group III (N = 59) included patients having undergone the surgical treatment with preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) in the form of the biliodigestive anastomoses or external drainage, with the total bilirubin level of 125-720 µmol/l. The frequency of postoperative complications, 90-day lethality and the overall survival rate were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results. The frequency of complications in the patients of groups I, II and III was 42.4, 48.4 and 35.6 %, lethality - 3.0, 3.2 and 6.8 %, respectively (P > 0.05); the 5-year survival rate - 39.7 ± 8.8 %, 30.1 ± 11.8 % and 4.9 ± 3.1 % (P = 0.004). Conclusion. The one-step surgical treatment of PHC with moderately severe obstructive jaundice was not accompanied with the increased frequency of postoperative complications and mortality. The overall survival rates were significantly higher in the patients undergoing the one-step surgery and did not correlate with the total bilirubin levels. The two-step surgery was accompanied by extremely low survival rates. The cancellation of the routine PBD procedure can be considered as one of the ways to improve the long-term outcomes of the PHC treatment.
Dynamics of the Results of the Treatment of Resectable Pancreatic Head Cancer over a 30-Year Period
Authors: Mikhailov I. V. , Bondarenko V. M. , Kudryashov V. A. , Achinovich S. L. , Kiselev P. G. , Grabareva G. L. , Podgorny N. N. , Shimanovsky G. M. , Novak S. V. , Dovidovich S. V. , Atamanenko A. V. , Dyatlov A. P.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to analyze the dynamics of the immediate and long-term results of the treatment of resectable pancreatic head cancer (PHC) for the period from 1989 to 2019. Material and methods. The retrospective analysis of 123 consecutive cases of the treatment of resectable PHC has been performed. During period I (from 1989 to 2000) 11 patients were operated, during period II (from 2001 to 2013) - 72, and period III (from 2014 to 2019) - 40 patients. The structure and frequency rate of postoperative complications, 90-day mortality and the overall survival rate (by the Kaplan-Meier method) have been assessed. Results. The frequency rate of the postoperative complications in I, II, and III periods were 63.6, 48.6, and 52.5%, mortality - 0, 5,6 and 5.0 %, respectively (P > 0.05). The most common complication and cause of death in all the cases were pancreatic fistula. The indicators of the 3-year survival in I, II, and III periods were 10.0 ± 9.5 %, 18.5 ± 4.7 % and 35.3 ± 9.6 %, the median survival - 10, 13, and 22 months, respectively (P = 0.07). Conclusion . A high frequency rate of the postoperative complications with a relatively low rate of the postoperative mortality was observed in all the analyzed periods. Pancreatic fistula prevailed in the structure of the complications and was the cause of death in all the cases. In the last period there was a clear tendency to improve the long-term results of the treatment, which may be due to more active surgical tactics, increased frequency of combined operations with the resection of vessels and proportional decrease in the share of palliative (R2) operations, standardization of the volume of lymph node dissection, an increased proportion of one-stage operations and increasing the number of patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.
The Role of the Hepatic Tissue Remodeling Regulators MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the Progression of Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Skuratov A. G. , Lyzikov A. N. , Voropaev E. V. , Osipkina O. V. , Tereshkov D. V. , Golubykh N. M. , Yatsuk M. N. , Kondrachuk A. N. , Kozlov A. E.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the level of the hepatic tissue remodeling regulators MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the blood of patients with the progression of chronic diffuse liver diseases.

Material and methods. The object of the study was 80 patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases (chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis). The concentration of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the blood of the patients was determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: As chronic diffuse liver diseases progressed, a statistically significant decrease in the level of MMP-9 in the blood of the patients was revealed, which was reflected in the decreased intensity of the extracellular matrix resorption processes and transformation of chronic hepatitis into liver cirrhosis. The activity of TIMP-1 which suppressed the fibrolytic effects of MMP-9, was statistically significantly higher in the viral etiology of liver cirrhosis, which probably led to more rapid progression of liver fibrosis associated with the presence of hepatitis C and В viruses.
Molecular Genetic Diagnostics and Features of the Species Structure of the Pathogenic Flora in Chlamydia and Mycoplasma Infection of the Respiratory Tract in Children
Authors: Glinkina T. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective : to determine the features of the infection caused by Сhlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with bronchitis and pneumonia and to improve the methodology of molecular genetic diagnostics of the respiratory infections caused by chlamydia and mycoplasma.

Material and methods. 272 children aged 0-17 diagnosed with bronchitis, pneumonia, were examined for the presence of chlamydia-mycoplasma respiratory tract infection by Realtime PCR.

Results. The study has revealed a high proportion of chlamydia and mycoplasma associations (23 %) with the predominance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae - 73 %. The identification of the associations Сhlamydia trachomatis , Сhlamydia pneumoniae , Mycoplasma hominis , Mycoplasma pneumoniae in bronchitis and pneumonia in the children was optimized by the use of Realtime PCR with Chlamydiaceae- and Mycoplasma-specific primers.

Conclusion . To confirm the etiological role of chlamydia and mycoplasma in the development of respiratory pathology in children, it is promising to apply the specific and highly sensitive method of molecular genetic diagnostics - Real-time PCR.