bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing persistent hazes in Beijing: potential impacts of weakening East Asian Winter Monsoons associated with northwestern Pacific SST trend since 1900
Authors: Pei Lin , Yan Zhongwei , Sun Zhaobin , Miao Shiguang , Yao Yao
Published: November 2017

Abstract. This paper analyzes the variations of persistent haze days in boreal winter in Beijing and　demonstrates a significant increasing trend with increasing probability of the persistent haze　events (PHEs) during 1980–2016. The atmospheric conditions favorable for the increasing　PHEs include reduced surface meridional winds and weakened East Asian Trough in the mid-troposphere. These conditions indicate a weakening East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM)　system, which is then found to be associated with an anomalous warm and high-pressure system　in the mid-lower troposphere over the northwestern Pacific. We proposed a practical circulation　indicator using the anomalous southerly winds at 850 hPa over North China. The increasing　occurrence of the persistent haze days in Beijing is closely related with increasing frequencies　of unusual persistent southerly episodes in recent decades. Over the past centennial period 1900–2009, the anomalous meridional winds at 850 hPa in North China were positively　correlated with the sea surface temperature anomalies over the northwestern Pacific. Based on the present results, we outline an observation-based mechanism highlighting the role of large　scale climate warming on the increasing trend of PHEs in Beijing.
Sources and physicochemical characteristics of black carbon aerosol in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau: internal mixing enhances light absorption
Authors: Wang Qiyuan , Cao Junji , Han Yongming , Tian Jie , Zhu Chongshu , Zhang Yonggang , Zhang Ningning , Shen Zhenxing , Ni Haiyan , Zhao Shuyu , Wu Jiarui
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) aerosol over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has important effects on regional climate and hydrological processes. An intensive measurement campaign was conducted at Lulang (~ 3300 m above sea level), southeastern TP, from September to October 2015 to investigate the sources and physicochemical characteristics of refractory BC (rBC) aerosol. The grand average rBC mass concentration was 0.31 ± 0.55 μg m−3, which is higher than most BC results for the TP. A clear diurnal cycle in rBC showed high values in the morning and low values in the afternoon. A bivariate polar plot showed that rBC loadings were affected by wind speed and direction, and it was used to infer the dominant transport directions. The estimated net surface transport intensity for rBC was +0.05 ± 0.29 μg s−1 m−2, indicating that stronger transport from outside the TP compared with the interior of the TP. Cluster analysis and a concentration-weighted trajectory model indicated that emissions from north India had important contribution to the high rBC, but the effects of internal TP sources cannot be overlooked. The average mass median diameter (MMD) of rBC was 160 ± 23 nm, and it was smaller size on rainy days (145 nm) compared with non-rainy days (164 nm). The average number fraction of thickly-coated rBC (FrBC) was 39 ± 8%, and it increased with the enhanced O3 mixing ratio from 10:00–14:00 local time, indicating that the photochemical oxidation played an important role in forming rBC coatings. The slope of a linear regression of FrBC versus O3 was 0.44 % ppb−1, which was higher than the value of 0.24 % ppb−1 observed at Qinghai Lake, northeastern TP, suggesting that the rBC particles at Lulang were more rapidly affected by internal mixing than those at Qinghai Lake. The average rBC absorption enhancement (Eabs) was estimated to be 1.8, suggesting that light absorption by coated rBC particles was greater than that for the uncoated ones. The Eabs was strongly positively correlated with the FrBC, indicating an amplification of light absorption for internally-mixed rBC. When rBC core  170 nm. Our study provides insight into the sources and evolution of rBC aerosol in the TP, and is useful for further modelling studies improving precise of evaluating the radiative forcing of carbonaceous aerosols in this area.
Validation of middle-atmospheric wind in observations and models
Authors: Rüfenacht Rolf , Baumgarten Gerd , Hildebrand Jens , Schranz Franziska , Matthias Vivien , Stober Gunter , Lübken Franz-Josef , Kämpfer Niklaus
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Wind profile information throughout the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere (USLM) is important for the understanding of atmospheric dynamics but became available only recently, thanks to developments in remote sensing techniques and modelling approaches. However, as wind measurements from these altitudes are still very rare, such products have generally not yet been validated with (other) observations. This paper presents the first long-term intercomparison of wind observations in the USLM by opposing co-located microwave radiometer and lidar instruments at Andenes (69.3° N, 16.0° E). Good correspondence has been found at all altitudes for both horizontal wind components for nighttime as well as daylight conditions. Biases are mostly within the random errors and do not exceed 5–10 m/s which is less than 10 % of the typically encountered wind speeds. Moreover, comparisons of the observations with the major re-analyses and models covering this altitude range are shown, especially also with the freshly released ERA5, ECMWF's first re-analysis to cover the whole USLM region. The agreement between models and observations is very good in general, but temporally limited occurrences of pronounced discrepancies (up to 40 m/s) exist. In the article's appendix the possibility of obtaining nighttime wind information about the mesopause region by means of microwave radiometry is investigated.
Year-round CH4 and CO2 flux dynamics in two contrasting freshwater ecosystems of the subarctic
Authors: Jammet Mathilde , Dengel Sigrid , Kettner Ernesto , Parmentier Frans-Jan W. , Wik Martin , Crill Patrick , Friborg Thomas
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Lakes and wetlands, common ecosystems of the high northern latitudes, exchange large amounts of the climate-forcing gases methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) with the atmosphere. The magnitudes of these fluxes and the processes driving them are still uncertain, particularly for subarctic and Arctic lakes where direct measurements of CH4 and CO2 emissions are often of low temporal resolution and are rarely sustained throughout the entire year. Using the eddy covariance method, we measured surface–atmosphere exchange of CH4 and CO2 during 2.5 years in a thawed fen and a shallow lake of a subarctic peatland complex. Gas exchange at the fen exhibited the expected seasonality of a subarctic wetland with maximum CH4 emissions and CO2 uptake in summer, as well as low but continuous emissions of CH4 and CO2 throughout the snow-covered winter. The seasonality of lake fluxes differed, with maximum CO2 and CH4 flux rates recorded at spring thaw. During the ice-free seasons, we could identify surface CH4 emissions as mostly ebullition events with a seasonal trend in the magnitude of the release, while a net CO2 flux indicated photosynthetic activity. We found correlations between surface CH4 emissions and surface sediment temperature, as well as between diel CO2 uptake and diel solar input. During spring, the breakdown of thermal stratification following ice thaw triggered the degassing of both CH4 and CO2. This spring burst was observed in 2 consecutive years for both gases, with a large inter-annual variability in the magnitude of the CH4 degassing. On the annual scale, spring emissions converted the lake from a small CO2 sink to a CO2 source: 80 % of total annual carbon emissions from the lake were emitted as CO2. The annual total carbon exchange per unit area was highest at the fen, which was an annual sink of carbon with respect to the atmosphere. Continuous respiration during the winter partly counteracted the fen summer sink by accounting for, as both CH4 and CO2, 33 % of annual carbon exchange. Our study shows (1) the importance of overturn periods (spring or fall) for the annual CH4 and CO2 emissions of northern lakes, (2) the significance of lakes as atmospheric carbon sources in subarctic landscapes while fens can be a strong carbon sink, and (3) the potential for ecosystem-scale eddy covariance measurements to improve the understanding of short-term processes driving lake–atmosphere exchange of CH4 and CO2.
Dimethylsulfide dynamics in first-year sea ice melt ponds in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago
Authors: Gourdal Margaux , Lizotte Martine , Massé Guillaume , Gosselin Michel , Scarratt Michael , Levasseur Maurice
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Melt pond formation is a natural seasonal pan-Arctic process. During the thawing season, melt ponds may cover up to 90 % of the Arctic first year sea ice (FYI) and 15 to 25 % of the multi-year sea ice (MYI). These pools of water lying at the surface of the sea-ice cover are habitats for microorganisms and represent a potential source of the biogenic gas dimethylsulfide (DMS) for the atmosphere. Here we report on the concentrations and dynamics of DMS in nine melt ponds sampled in July 2014 in the Eastern Canadian Arctic. DMS concentrations were under the detection limit (
Climate of migration? How climate triggered migration from southwest Germany to North America during the 19th century
Authors: Glaser Rüdiger , Himmelsbach Iso , Bösmeier Annette
Published: November 2017

Abstract. This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the extent to which climate and climatic change can have a negative impact on societies by triggering migration, or even contribute to conflict. It summarizes results from the transdisciplinary project Climate of migration (funded 2010–2014), whose innovative title was created by Franz Mauelshagen and Uwe Lübken. The overall goal of this project was to analyze the relation between climatic and socioeconomic parameters and major migration waves from southwest Germany to North America during the 19th century. The article assesses the extent to which climatic conditions triggered these migration waves. The century investigated was in general characterized by the Little Ice Age with three distinct cooling periods, causing major glacier advances in the alpine regions and numerous climatic extremes such as major floods, droughts and severe winter. Societal changes were tremendous, marked by the warfare during the Napoleonic era (until 1815), the abolition of serfdom (1817), the bourgeois revolution (1847/48), economic freedom (1862), the beginning of industrialization accompanied by large-scale rural–urban migration resulting in urban poverty, and finally by the foundation of the German Empire in 1871.The presented study is based on quantitative data and a qualitative, information-based discourse analysis. It considers climatic conditions as well as socioeconomic and political issues, leading to the hypothesis of a chain of effects ranging from unfavorable climatic conditions to a decrease in crop yields to rising cereal prices and finally to emigration. These circumstances were investigated extensively for the peak emigration years identified with each migration wave. Furthermore, the long-term relations between emigration and the prevailing climatic conditions, crop yields and cereal prices were statistically evaluated with a sequence of linear models which were significant with explanatory power between 22 and 38 %.
Response Time to Flood Events using a Social Vulnerability Index (ReTSVI)
Authors: Quezada-Hofflinger Alvaro , Somos-Valenzuela Marcelo A. , Vallejos-Romero Arturo
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Current methods used to estimate people's evacuation times during a natural disaster assume that human responses across different social groups are similar. However, individuals respond differently based on their socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and previous knowledge. This article develops the Response Time by Social Vulnerability Index (ReTSVI), which is a methodology to estimate how human response time to evacuation warnings during a natural hazard is affected by considering characteristics related to both physical and social vulnerability. ReTSVI is a three-step methodology: first we calculate a population's evacuation curves considering social vulnerability level, certain demographic information and a model that describes an inundation hazard. Then, we use a mobilization model to generate evacuation maps per level of vulnerability and we also estimate the social vulnerability index for the area of study. In the third step, we combine the results from the second step to generate a map that indicates the percentage of people that could evacuate a hazard zone according to their social vulnerability level. Finally, we provide an example of the application of ReTSVI in a potential case of a severe flood event in Huaraz, Peru. The results show that during the first 5 minutes of the evacuation, the population that lives in neighborhoods with high social vulnerability evacuate 15 % and 22 % fewer people than the neighborhoods with medium and low social vulnerability. These differences gradually decrease over time after the evacuation warning and social vulnerability becomes less relevant after 30 minutes. Using a methodology such as ReTSVI allows first responders to identify areas where the same level of physical vulnerability affects distinct groups differently, providing them with a tool to quantify the differences in time to evacuate and where the resources before and during an evacuation should be preferentially allocated.
Spatial variations in zooplankton community structure along the Japanese coastline in the Japan Sea: influence of the coastal current
Authors: Kodama Taketoshi , Wagawa Taku , Iguchi Naoki , Takada Yoshitake , Takahashi Takashi , Fukudome Ken-Ichi , Morimoto Haruyuki , Goto Tsuneo
Published: November 2017

Abstract. This study evaluates spatial variations in zooplankton community structure and potential controlling factors along the Japanese coast under the influence of the coastal branch of the Tsushima Warm Current (CBTWC). Variations in the density of morphologically-identified zooplankton in the surface layer in May were investigated for a 15-year period. The density of zooplankton (individuals per cubic meter) varied between sampling stations, but there was no consistent west–east trend. Instead, there were different zooplankton community structures in the west and east, with that in Toyama Bay particularly distinct: Corycaeus affinis and Calanus sinicus were dominant in the west and Oithona atlantica was dominant in Toyama Bay. Distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA) was used to characterize the variation in zooplankton community structure, and four axes (RD1–4) provided significant explanation. RD2–4 only explained
“No es fácil estar 24 horas en una cama”: confort del paciente con sedación en una unidad de cuidado intensivo
Authors: Tejada-Pérez Indira Islem
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: comprender el significado que tiene para el enfermero el confort del paciente en estado crítico, que se encuentra bajo efectos de sedación en la unidad de cuidado intensivo. Materiales y métodos: enfoque cualitativo, con herramientas de la etnografía particularista; se realizaron 100 horas de observación, 9 entrevistas, 1 grupo focal y registro en el diario de campo; lo anterior permitió triangular, codificar y categorizar la información para obtener una visión total del fenómeno; se garantizó la confidencialidad de los participantes. Resultados: el significado que le otorgan los enfermeros al confort del paciente bajo efectos de sedación es “estar tranquilo”, entendido como la armonía entre tres filiaciones: ambiente y compañía, comodidad y protección, analgesia y sedación, cada una con elementos excluyentes pero interdependientes, que determinan la tranquilidad del paciente. Conclusiones: el paciente en estado crítico, bajo efectos de sedación, no es consciente de sus necesidades, por tanto, depende del enfermero para identificarlas y satisfacerlas. Para ello, el enfermero interpreta los signos manifestados por el paciente y aplica el cuidado compasivo, para brindar confort a la persona cuidada.
Diálogo com equipes de Saúde da Família sobre parto no pré-natal: uma investigação comunicativa
Authors: Macedo Larissa Pereira , Fabbro Márcia Regina Cangiani , Bussadori Jamile Claro de Castro , Ferreira Graziani Izodro
Published: November 2017

El diálogo entre gestantes y profesionales de la salud acerca del parto puede ser una importante herramienta para cambios en la práctica de cesarianas en Brasil. Sin embargo, la priorización del tema en el prenatal y la forma como este es abordado están directamente relacionadas a su valoración y a dificultades de enfoque. Objetivos: analizar, junto con equipos de salud de la familia, los elementos que dificultan el abordaje del parto en prenatal. Materiales y método: investigación cualitativa, que utilizó la metodología comunicativa para identificar elementos facilitadores y dificultadores para el ejercicio de una práctica o beneficio. Se realizaron grupos de discusión comunicativos con los equipos, entre el 2013 y el 2014. Resultados: los elementos dificultadores permean la formación profesional, el proceso y las condiciones de trabajo en las unidades, e interfieren en las actividades educacionales, en la falta de articulación entre la atención básica y la hospitalaria, y en las propias vivencias personales de los profesionales con el tema, aspectos que influencian negativamente el abordaje del parto. Conclusiones: se necesita inversión en la capacitación de los profesionales en cuestiones referentes al tema, con espacios de diálogo que permitan explorar las posibilidades de superación de dificultades institucionales y expresar sus propias vivencias, con el fin de deshacer mitos y creencias en relación con el parto.
Percepción de la autoridad parental en adolescentes escolarizados víctimas de desplazamiento
Authors: Salamanca-Ramos Emilce , Chávez-Ávila Patricia , Carmona-Parra Jaime Alberto
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: identificar los estilos de socialización parental percibidos por adolescentes escolarizados en un sector vulnerable de población, de Villavicencio, Colombia, víctima de desplazamiento por conflicto armado. Materiales y métodos: estudio cuantitativo descriptivo. Se tomó como muestra el total de la población de adolescentes escolarizados del sector (n = 184) entre los 12 y 19 años de edad. Se aplicó la Escala de socialización parental en la adolescencia (ESPA 29) en el año 2015, donde el adolescente valora la reacción de cada progenitor frente a 29 situaciones cotidianas. Resultados: se clasificó a cada padre de familia en un estilo de socialización o crianza entre cuatro posibles opciones: los adolescentes de sexo masculino en general percibieron estilos más indulgentes en sus padres y más autoritativos en sus madres; las adolescentes percibieron estilos más autoritativos en sus madres y menos autoritarios o negligentes en sus padres. La población en general percibe a sus progenitores más asociados al diálogo y al afecto, con un patrón de socialización más cercano a la aceptación-implicación. Conclusiones: los adolescentes de ambos sexos perciben en sus padres un estilo de crianza más autoritativo e indulgente que autoritario o negligente. Distinguen una socialización familiar más basada en el diálogo y el afecto que en la displicencia y la indiferencia, lo que constituye un factor protector para esta población.
E - Governance Implementation and Public Service Delivery in Nigeria: The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Application
Authors: Ajibade Olalekan , Ibietan Jide , Ayelabola Oludare
Published: November 2017

The aim of this paper is to explain the relationship between e-governance implementation and public service delivery in Nigeria using the Technology Acceptance Model. The paper is qualitative in nature and relies on secondary sources for data collection and the discussion that followed. The paper found that there are certain obstacles that hinder the adoption and effective implementation of e-governance that would have engendered qualitative service delivery in public sector organisations in Nigeria. It is in line with the foregoing, that this paper concludes that tackling the obstacles to e-governance adoption, implementation is key to the achievement of better public service delivery. The paper therefore recommends the sensitization of public servants on the importance and benefits of adopting and implementing e-governance in their administrative and organizational processes that will ultimately lead to improved service delivery in Nigeria among others.
Hospital visiting policies – impacts on patients, families and staff: A review of the literature to inform decision making
Authors: Bélanger Lynda , Bussières Sylvain , Rainville François , Coulombe Martin , Desmartis Marie
Published: November 2017

Some healthcare organizations recommend adopting open visiting policies. These organisations are working towards the end goal of promoting the idea that patients and families can be true partners in care. An essential step in this culture shift involves openness to family presence and their engagement in the patient’s care. Among other things, their recommendations are based on data from studies that assessed the impacts of different types of visiting policies on patients, families and healthcare staff. In order to inform and guide an organizational reflection on possible changes to our hospital center’s visiting policies, our team undertook a systematic review that focussed on the advantages and disadvantages of open/flexible visiting policies, as perceived by patients, families and staff. Review articles and original articles were assessed and synthesized following a rigorous review process. Results of the reviewed studies suggest that flexible visiting policies lead to greater patient satisfaction with care and to positive impacts for both patients and families, and that these stakeholders have clear preferences for open/flexible policies. Nevertheless, policies including some guidelines to safeguard rest and sleep periods were deemed necessary by patients, rather than an unqualified open policy. Results also suggested that flexible visiting hours were not associated with an increased risk in hospital-acquired infections or septic complications in intensive care units (ICUs), where the majority of the reviewed studies were carried out. Authors recommended taking the specific context of care units into account when implementing new visiting policies, as needs may be different according to different health issues. Staff preferences over a model or the other were somewhat mixed. Some staff see the presence of families and visitors as an obstacle to the provision of care and a reason to fear increased workloads. In order to overcome this resistance, the importance of adequately preparing staff and supporting them throughout the policy change to ensure its success is highlighted.
Home Tele-monitoring: Economic and Clinical Impact of the Service for Patients with Chronic Respiratory Disease
Authors: Rainero Christian , Secinaro Silvana , Nave Elena , Bignamini Elisabetta
Published: November 2017

The term “telemedicine” defines “the use of electronic communications technology to provide and support health care for infants, children, adolescents, and young adults when distance separates the practitioner from the patient, parent, guardian, or referring practitioner” (AAP 2004, 639). The pilot study has been involved 71 patients with a telemedicine service of the Unit of respiratory insufficiency of the Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital of Turin follows actually and their caregiver. The scopes are mainly two: the evaluation the potential of control system of functional examination in the various expression of disease, and improvement the knowledge of the perceived quality of the service according the service users, in according to the economic and ethical impact. These variables are able to determine the actual usefulness of the home recorder-ICT device prescription at discharge of these types of patients, or when occur the conditions of necessity, or in case of Centre take charge of new patients. Patients assessed effectiveness home tele-monitoring service and patient’s satisfaction through semi-structured questionnaires.The administering of the questionnaires took place during the day hospital, or during office visits/outpatient visits, or during occasional hospitalizations.The analysis is extended to the economic and budgetary aspects, focusing on comparisons of spending between traditional medicine and telemedicine, investigating whether there is a correlation between patient satisfaction and reduced spending by telemedicineThe analysis of the data showed interesting results in order to improve the type of service offered to these patients, also in term of economic and social results.
Investigation of Academic Success, Self-esteem and Academic Self-Concept in 4th Class Primary School Students
Authors: Cetinkaya Seher
Published: November 2017

In Turkey due to changes in the age starting school implemented during the 2012-2013 academic year, children ages from 60 months to 84 months were subject to the same educational program in the same class. By the 2015-2016 academic year these children were at the end of 4th class. This research aimed to investigate the Turkish and mathematic lesson success, academic self-concepts and self-esteem of 4th class students and determine the opinions of class teachers on this topic. The research used a mixed method pattern with convergent parallel pattern. At the end of the research quantitative findings relating to Turkish and mathematic lesson success according to age starting school and educational level of parents; Turkish and mathematic lesson academic self-concept and self-esteem according to age starting school; and qualitative findings of class teacher opinions were compared, interpreted and discussed in light of the literature.
Closed-Form Solution of Large Deflected Cantilever Beam a gainst Follower Loading Using Complex Analysis
Authors: Abu-Alshaikh Ibrahim Mousa
Published: November 2017

The literature reveals that the non-conservative deflection of an elastic cantilever beam caused by applying follower tip loading was investigated and solved by various numerical methods like: Runge Kutta, iterative shooting, finite element, finite difference, direct iterative and non-iterative numerical methods. This is due to the fact that the Euler–Bernoulli nonlinear differential equation governing the problem contains the “slope at the free end”, this slope however needs special numerical treatment. On the other hand, some of these methods fail to find numerical solutions for extremely large loading conditions. Hence, this paper is aimed to obtain a closed-form solution for solving the large deflection of a cantilever beam opposed to a concentrated point follower load at its free end. This closed-form solution when compared with other conventional numerical approaches is characterized by simplicity, stability and straightforwardness in getting the beam deflection and slopes even for extremely large loading conditions. The closed-form solution is obtained by applying complex analysis along with elliptic-integral approach. Very good results were obtained when the elastica of the beam compared with that of various numerical methods which are used in analyzing similar problem.
Naschrift naar aanleiding van: ‘Reactie: convocatierecht en agenderingsrecht – een rechtspolitieke wens als vader van Eikelbooms gedachten’
Authors: Eikelboom F.
Published: November 2017

Naschrift naar aanleiding van: ‘Reactie: convocatierecht en agenderingsrecht – een rechtspolitieke wens als vader van Eikelbooms gedachten’

De auteur reageert op de reactie van Overkleeft op zijn artikel Wat onder de oppervlakte bleef in de rechtspraak rond AkzoNobel (MvO 2017, afl. 10).
Fortuna: een ‘commissaris’ zonder raad van commissarissen maar met bevoegdheid
Authors: Spaargaren A. , van der Heide A.S.
Published: November 2017

Fortuna: een ‘commissaris’ zonder raad van commissarissen maar met bevoegdheid

De auteurs bespreken de Fortuna-beschikking van de Ondernemingskamer. In deze beschikking wordt als onmiddellijke voorziening een commissaris benoemd, die geen deel uitmaakt van de raad van commissarissen en exclusief bevoegd is te beslissen over de informatievoorziening aan de aandeelhouders. De auteurs onderzoeken hoe dit zich verhoudt tot de heersende leer.
Diversity of agrocoenoses in the Lublin region, Poland
Authors: Staniak Mariola , Haliniarz Małgorzata , Kwiecińska-Poppe Ewa , Harasim Elżbieta , Wesołowski Marian
Published: November 2017

The Lublin region, one of the main agricultural regions in Poland, has very favorable conditions for agricultural production but the development of the agricultural sector has been very slow there. This is due, among other factors, to the extensive farming used on large areas and the fragmentation of fields with numerous fragments of natural ecosystems. In Lublin Province, cereals comprise the highest proportion of the crop structure, especially wheat, but farmers also often cultivate maize, oilseed rape, sugar beet, and legumes for consumption. The biological diversity of agricultural areas is enhanced by growing traditional plant species and varieties. Crop species are accompanied by segetal weeds, sometimes very expansive, sometimes rare and endangered by extinction. In recent years, the following have been the dominant weed species in the region’s crop fields: Galium aparine, Convolvulus arvensis, Papaver rhoeas, Viola arvensis, and Veronica persica. However, there are several locations of occurrence of Muscari comosum (a strictly protected species) and the following unique species: Adonis aestivalis, Anthemis tinctoria, Caucalis platycarpos, Galium tricornutum, and Thymelaea passerina. In Lublin Province, there are many organic farms which contribute to the significant diversity of agricultural plant communities. In this review, we also indicate the biocoenotic role of weeds and their importance in the proper maintenance of agroecosystems and ecosystem services.
Measuring Open Access in Finland
Authors: Ilva Jyrki
Published: November 2017

In Finland the national Open Access monitoring efforts are integrated with the national data collection conducted by CSC - IT Centre for Science for the Ministry of Education and Culture. The collection of data on research publications encompasses universities, universities of applied sciences, central hospital districts and many of the state research institutes.The publication metadata is collected from the CRIS of each participating organization. A new automated data collection process was launched in 2016, but while some of the organizations update their data daily, many others still upload their data on annual basis. The data is stored in the Virta service built by CSC, and the de-duplicated publication data can be browsed at Juuli (http://www.juuli.fi), a VuFind-based discovery interface developed by the National Library of Finland.Starting from 2016, the Ministry has improved the way the OA status information is reported. There are two separate fields for indicating the OA status of each publication. One of the fields indicates whether the publication is OA via a Gold or a Hybrid channel, and the second field is used for indicating whether it has been deposited into a repository (Green OA).The OA definition used in the data collection has been made as clear as possible:The publication should be at least free to readGold/Hybrid and Green Open Access are all acceptedEmbargoes are allowed for Green OA but not for Gold or HybridDepositing into an institutional or a subject-based repository is OK, but papers available at personal/project websites or at sites like Research Gate or Academia.edu don’t countThe OA version must be peer-reviewed to qualifyAlthough the quality of the data has improved, it is still far from perfect. Some of the organizations are putting more effort into the collection and verification of the data than others. At the moment no data is collected on the embargoes, the use of licenses or the APC costs associated with each publication.According to the current dataset for the year 2016, 28.6% of all peer-reviewed articles produced within the Finnish universities were reported as being Open Access. The amount of overlap between Gold/Hybrid and Green Open Access was higher than was expected. Only about 40% of the articles that the universities reported as being openly available via Green route were originally issued in non-OA publication channels.At the moment the share of OA publications is highest within the natural sciences (34%) and lowest in engineering and technology (20%), with medicine and health sciences, agriculture and forestry, humanities and social sciences falling in between them.
Case Open UEF – To do together
Authors: Hartikainen Kaisa , Rissanen Tuula
Published: November 2017

At the University of Eastern Finland (UEF) Library, the national Open Science and Research initiative (2014–2017, Ministry of Education and Culture of Finland) triggered the planning and construction of open science related research support services. Planning of support services with themes of open access scholarly publishing, open research data and open study material began at full throttle at the UEF Library in November 2015. Information specialists were grouped into teams, which orientated to separate aspects of open science and shared their knowledge by training the whole library staff. Teamwork continued actively over the year 2016. Open science continuously brings new tasks for the Library and has already notably changed the job profiles of the library specialists.Advancing open science has been considered highly important not only at the library but also at the university level. UEF has offered resources e.g. by recruiting new information specialists and a data protection officer and internal auditor. UEF Library has a vital role in conducting open science but it is practiced in close collaboration with University Services, especially that of Development Services, General Administration and Legal Services and IT Services. Open Science team has landed the departments to share information and to discuss about open science practices at UEF. Nowadays these roadshows concerning UEF publishing and data policy, open access (OA) publishing as well as research data management and sharing are our focal operation.Work continues but the results can already be seen: In the OA ranking of research organisations in Finland (Ministry of Education and Culture of Finland), UEF has achieved level four in the five-level maturity model. Also, UEF researchers can order tailored training sessions about open research and support services from the diverse training menu offered by the Library. Updated Open UEF web pages are available for everyone and multi-channeled informing directed to UEF staff and students continues online. One concrete output from conducted open science and active campaigning about self-archiving is UEF institutional publication repository, UEF//eRepository, which was launched in February 2017. At the moment about 31% of UEF scientific publications are open access, but substantial increase is expected. The next big challenge in open research is data management and opening. UEF Library is starting to build a metadata portal for research data in order to conceive the data produced by UEF researchers and to help finding data for potential reuse.Open science will also be included in information retrieval studies of master's degree and doctoral students. To encourage students and teachers in OA publishing, during the international open access week, one student publishing master's thesis openly will be rewarded with a stipend by the Library. Department having the highest rate of OA master's theses will also be adorned with flowers.Open science is a matter of teamwork, committing and keeping up to date.
The reanalysis of biogeography of the Asian tree frog,Rhacophorus(Anura: Rhacophoridae): geographic shifts and climatic change influenced the dispersal process and diversification
Authors: Pan Tao , Zhang Yanan , Wang Hui , Wu Jun , Kang Xing , Qian Lifu , Chen Jinyun , Rao Dingqi , Jiang Jianping , Zhang Baowei
Published: November 2017

Rapid uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau and climate change in Asia are thought to have profoundly modulated the diversification of most of the species distributed throughout Asia. The ranoid tree frog genusRhacophorus, the largest genus in the Rhacophoridae, is widely distributed in Asia and especially speciose in the areas south and east of the Tibetan Plateau. Here, we infer phylogenetic relationships among species and estimate divergence times, asking whether the spatiotemporal characteristics of diversification withinRhacophoruswere related to rapid uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau and concomitant climate change. Phylogenetic analysis recovered distinct lineage structures inRhacophorus, which indicated a clear distribution pattern from Southeast Asia toward East Asia and India. Molecular dating suggests that the first split within the genus date back to the Middle Oligocene (approx. 30 Ma). TheRhacophoruslineage through time (LTT) showed that there were periods of increased speciation rate: 14–12 Ma and 10–4 Ma. In addition, ancestral area reconstructions supported Southeast Asia as the ancestral area ofRhacophorus. According to the results of molecular dating, ancestral area reconstructions and LTT we think the geographic shifts, the staged rapid rises of the Tibetan Plateau with parallel climatic changes and reinforcement of the Asian monsoons (15 Ma, 8 Ma and 4–3 Ma), possibly prompted a burst of diversification inRhacophorus.
La imagen del candidato electoral: hacia una Integración de su dimensión racional y emocional
Authors:   Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (España), ZAMORA ROCÍO , LOSADA JOSÉ CARLOS ,   Universidad de Murcia (España)
Published: November 2017

Es una evidencia que las estrategias de comunicación política en nuestros días están centradas en la personificación de los mensajes de los partidos, convirtiéndose el candidato en la referencia prioritaria y casi única con la que asociar una determinada alternativa política. De este modo, el candidato acaba constituyéndose en el eje del discurso político, social y mediático a partir de los ingredientes diferenciadores y preferentes con los que caracteriza su imagen pública. Se trata de una imagen que se construye sobre la base de determinadas características o atributos, tanto de carácter emocional –aspectos que humanizan la figura del político- como de carácter cognitivo –aspectos que se centran en lo que se puede evaluar racionalmente la actuación y cualidades del político-. La presente investigación busca proponer una redefinición de las categorías de análisis de la imagen política utilizadas hasta ahora, en busca de aquellos atributos que no separen de manera tan radical estas dos dimensiones y que permitan avanzar con más claridad en las categorías mentales reales que los ciudadanos utilizan para evaluar a sus políticos
Las políticas ambientales en la prensa brasileña
Authors:   Universidad Estatal de Ponta Grossa (Brasil), URIZZI CERVI EMERSON , GOULART MASSUCHIN MICHELE ,   Universidad Federal de Paraná (Brasil)
Published: November 2017

Este artículo pretende identificar cómo son abordadas las políticas públicas ambientales en la prensa brasileña desde 2000 hasta 2009, período en que se formuló y ejecutó el “Segundo Plano Nacional para o Meio Ambiente” (Pnma II). Se analizan las noticias de dos medios con diferentes áreas de circulación: Folha de São Paulo, producido en São Paulo y de circulación nacional y Gazeta do Povo, de Curitiba y con circulación en el estado de Paraná. La metodología utilizada es el análisis cuantitativo de contenido para medir la distribución de los textos en las categorías de las variables analizadas. La hipótesis inicial es que la cobertura periodística aparece centrada en ciertos temas y que las etapas del ciclo de políticas y el tratamiento es diferente en los dos periódicos
Reality show Cambio Extremo: El cuerpo como mercancía en la sociedad globalizada
Authors:   Universidad de Medellín (Colombia), PÉREZ-HENAO HORACIO
Published: November 2017

Este artículo es una aproximación analítica al reality show Cambio extremo. Se plantea la intersección cuerpo, realidad-espectáculo y globalización, para explicar cómo el programa ha contribuido a legitimar la cirugía estética como una práctica garante de la consecución de un cuerpo acorde con las exigencias de la sociedad global. El mercado y el consumo convierten el cuerpo en mercancía que promete el triunfo en ciertos ámbitos de la sociedad globalizada, discurso paradójico reforzado por el reality show. Cambio extremo no es un mero programa televisivo; es un texto cultural que da cuenta de la tendencia en nuestra sociedad globalizada en la que lo virtual parece superar lo real. Cuando se pretende forzar la realidad-real a ser idéntica a la realidad-show, se propicia un desajuste en la organización del orden social. En la alteración del cuerpo existe un intento por aniquilar su condición natural de imperfección, encaminado a la consecución de un cuerpo acorde con las exigencias de la época-mundo.
Política editorial y presentación de colaboraciones
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Delpiano María Olga
Published: November 2017

No presenta Resumen
Estimation of Phytoplankton Accessory Pigments From Hyperspectral Reflectance Spectra: Toward a Global Algorithm
Authors: Chase A. P. , Boss E. , Cetinić I. , Slade W.
Published: November 2017

Phytoplankton community composition in the ocean is complex and highly variable over a wide range of space and time scales. Able to cover these scales, remote‐sensing reflectance spectra can be measured both by satellite and by in situ radiometers. The spectral shape of reflectance in the open ocean is influenced by the particles in the water, mainly phytoplankton and covarying nonalgal particles. We investigate the utility of in situ hyperspectral remote‐sensing reflectance measurements to detect phytoplankton pigments by using an inversion algorithm that defines phytoplankton pigment absorption as a sum of Gaussian functions. The inverted amplitudes of the Gaussian functions representing pigment absorption are compared to coincident High Performance Liquid Chromatography measurements of pigment concentration. We determined strong predictive capability for chlorophylls a, b, c1+c2, and the photoprotective carotenoids. We also tested the estimation of pigment concentrations from reflectance‐derived chlorophyll a using global relationships of covariation between chlorophyll a and the accessory pigments. We found similar errors in pigment estimation based on the relationships of covariation versus the inversion algorithm. An investigation of spectral residuals in reflectance data after removal of chlorophyll‐based average absorption spectra showed no strong relationship between spectral residuals and pigments. Ultimately, we are able to estimate concentrations of three chlorophylls and the photoprotective carotenoid pigments, noting that further work is necessary to address the challenge of extracting information from hyperspectral reflectance beyond the information that can be determined from chlorophyll a and its covariation with other pigments.
Tidal Pumping‐Induced Nutrients Dynamics and Biogeochemical Implications in an Intertidal Aquifer
Authors: Liu Yi , Jiao Jiu Jimmy , Liang Wenzhao , Luo Xin
Published: November 2017

Tidal pumping is a major driving force affecting water exchange between land and sea, biogeochemical reactions in the intertidal aquifer, and nutrient loading to the sea. At a sandy beach of Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong, the nutrient (NH4+, NO2−, NO3−, and PO43−) dynamic in coastal groundwater mixing zone (CGMZ) is found to be fluctuated with tidal oscillation. Nutrient dynamic is mainly controlled by tidal pumping‐induced organic matter that serves as a reagent of remineralization in the aquifer. NH4+, NO2−, and PO43− are positively correlated with salinity. Both NH4+ and PO43− have negative correlations with oxidation/reduction potential. NH4+ is the major dissolved inorganic nitrogen species in CGMZ. The adsorption of PO43− onto iron oxides occurs at the deep transition zone with a salinity of 5–10 practical salinity unit (psu), and intensive N‐loss occurs in near‐surface area with a salinity of 10–25 psu. The biogeochemical reactions, producing PO43− and consuming NH4+, are synergistic effect of remineralization‐nitrification‐denitrification. In CGMZ, the annual NH4+ loss is estimated to be ~ 4.32 × 105 mol, while the minimum annual PO43− production is estimated to be ~ 2.55 × 104 mol. Applying these rates to the entire Tolo Harbour, the annual NH4+ input to the harbor through the remineralization of organic matters is estimated to be ~ 1.02 × 107 mol. The annual NH4+ loss via nitrification is 1.32 × 107 mol, and the annual PO43− production is ~ 7.76 × 105 mol.
An amebic protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) complements the yeast PDI1 mutation but is unable to support cell viability under ER or thermal stress
Authors: Mares Rosa E. , Ramos Marco A.
Published: November 2017

In eukaryotic cells, protein disulfide isomerases (PDI) are oxidoreductases that catalyze the proper disulfide bond formation during protein folding. The pathobiology of the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of human amebiasis, depends on secretion of several virulence factors, such as pore‐forming peptides and cysteine proteinases. Although the native conformation of these factors is stabilized by disulfide bonds, there is little information regarding the molecular machinery involved in the oxidative folding of amebic proteins. Whereas testing gene function in their physiological background would be the most suitable approach, we have taken advantage of the cellular benefits offered by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (as a model of eukaryotic cell) to examine the functional role of an amebic PDI (EhPDI). As the yeast PDI homolog is essential for cell viability, a functional complementation assay was carried out to test the ability of EhPDI to circumvent the lethal phenotype of a yeast PDI1 mutant. Also, its proficiency under stressful conditions was explored by examining the survival outcome following endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by a reductant agent (DTT) or thermal stress promoted by a nonpermissive temperature (37 °C). Our results indicate that EhPDI is functionally active when physiological conditions are stable. Nonetheless, when conditions are stressful (e.g., by the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER compartment), its functionality is exceeded, suggesting an inability to prevent unfolding, suppress aggregation, or assist refolding of proteins. Despite the latter, our findings constitute the initial step toward determining the participation of EhPDI in cellular mechanisms related to protein homeostasis.