bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviewing Reference Publications: The Importance of Relevant Subject Knowledge: Selected Case Studies
Authors: Gray Richard A.
Published: February 2008

Those responsible for purchasing reference books for libraries rely to a great extent on reviews that appear in those journals which, broadly speaking, constitute the library press. The idea of a library press, though it is usually identified with a number of periodicals—known either by their brief names, such as The Booklist, or by their initials, LJ, RQ, and WLB, probably should be extended to include such standard “authorities” as ALA's Guide to Reference Books and many of the volumes in Bowker's buying guide series. In these periodicals and monographs, librarians take it upon themselves to express judgments on new books that do in fact have an influence on purchase decisions.
Evaluating Reference: An Introductory Overview of Qualitative Methods
Authors: Westbrook Lynn
Published: February 2008

Qualitative evaluation concerns the examination and analysis of individual experiences. This type of research tends to answer questions of why, how, what is the process, what is the relationship, and so on in an effort to understand the essential nature of a service or process. While statistics tell us how many questions we have answered, qualitative evaluation tells us how well we have met the patrons' needs.
CD‐ROM Dsk Selection And Evaluation
Authors: Foulds M.S. , Foulds L.R.
Published: February 2008

The selection and evaluation of CD‐ROM disks are important steps in the planning of a CD‐ROM facility. The choice of databases depends upon, among other factors, the objectives of the library, the projected use of each disk, and financial considerations. In this article we review the literature that deals with these matters. We begin with what is available on disk selection, via both printed directories and in the journals. We next discuss reported methods of disk evaluation. Finally, we cover existing reviews of various CD‐ROM products.
The anthropology of environmental decline: Part 2 “Development” and Ecological degradation in the contemporary third world
Authors: Weiskel Timothy C. , Gray Richard A.
Published: February 2008

The ecological decline of ancient Near Eastern civilizations and the violent and explosive characteristics of post‐Columbian colonial ecologies might well remain comfortably remote from us in our twentieth century world were it not for the disturbing parallels that such case histories seem to evoke as we consider our contemporary global circumstance. Just as in ancient times and in the age of colonial expansion, it is in the “remote environments,” usually quite distant from the centers of power, that the crucial indicators of environmental catastrophe first become apparent within the system as a whole. These regions are frequently characterized by weak economies and highly vulnerable ecosystems in our time, just as they were in the past. Accordingly, the environmental circumstances in these regions constitute for the modern world a kind of monitoring device that can provide early warnings of ecological instabilities in the global ecosystem.
Exploring careers: Sources for helping students
Authors: Anderson Byron
Published: February 2008

Career planning quickly becomes a search for information. This information is likely to be found in different locations throughout a community, school system, or college campus, and the library is one of these. While the library may not be the focus of career planning services, it plays a strong complementary role to established services. In particular, libraries can provide information that helps high school or college students or recent graduates explore their career options. This article will present a method for building library collections in career planning and suggest sources that help meet diverse student needs.
Directories of special collections on social movements evolving from the Vietnam era
Authors: Embardo Ellen
Published: February 2008

In 1982, Scarecrow Press published Alternative Materials in Libraries. As one chapter, the book included a directory of collections of contemporary alternative materials in libraries. That directory, compiled by Patricia J. Case and edited by James P. Danky and Elliott Shore, proved immensely useful as a reference tool for identifying libraries throughout the United States and Canada that contain original source materials emanating from the social and political upheavals of mat period which is known loosely as “the Sixties.”
Reference librarian of the future
Authors: Rockman Ilene F. , Massey‐Burzio Virginia , Ritch Alan , Zink Steven D. , Hale Martha L.
Published: February 2008

Economist John Kenneth Galbraith was once quoted as saying, “There are two types of economists—those who don't know the future, and those who don't know they don't know.” The same can be said for librarians.
HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus And Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome): An update bibliography
Authors: Cooper Susan C. , Hillyard Susan E.
Published: February 2008

The winter 1987 issue of Reference Services Review featured a bibliography of AIDS‐related materials prepared by Edmund SantaVicca, former head of Collection Management Services at Cleveland State University.
AIDS Information in periodical indexes: A problem of exclusion
Authors: Thistlethwaite Polly
Published: February 2008

Indexing companies and database search services are contributing to the epidemic of ignorance surrounding HIV and AIDS. They are failing us, even killing us. Doctors, patients, students, and researchers seeking information about HIV are offered access only to a narrow range of “mainstream” and “professional” publications through the leading indexes. And, while a certain slate of periodicals is represented over and over by rival indexes, gay/lesbian periodicals and community‐based health publications containing vital, often vanguard HIV/AIDS information are systematically excluded from mainstream indexes and database search services. This article offers a critique of current indexing practices of AIDS‐related periodical literature and suggests strategies to remedy the situation.
Manuel Noriega and the “Panama Crisis”: An annotated bibliography
Authors: Metz Allan
Published: February 2008

Historically, Panama has always been “a place of transit.” While technically the isthmus formed part of Colombia in the nineteenth century, it was linked geopolitically to the United States soon after the California gold rush, beginning in the late 1840s. The first attempt at building a canal ended in failure in 1893 when disease and poor management forced Ferdinand de Lesseps to abandon the project. The U.S. undertaking to build the canal could only begin after Panama declared itself free and broke away from Colombia in 1903, with the support of the United States.
Orientation for the reference desk
Authors: May Berwind Anne
Published: February 2008

The Need for Reference Desk Orientation. The literature on training in libraries is concerned for the most part with educating paraprofessionals to perform professional tasks, training student workers to perform basic functions, and updating librarians' skills with the advent of new technologies. Very little has been published on the process of initiating newly hired or reassigned librarians into the rigors of formal reference desk service. The need for training geared specifically to reference desk work has been documented. Evidently such training must be taking place. But the specific details of what comprises such training apparently remain as in‐house publications.
The impact of plastics on the environment
Authors: DeVries JoAnn
Published: February 2008

In 1987, Campbell Soup Company introduced the Souper Combo, a line of frozen soup and sandwiches. Melvin Druin, vice‐president for packaging, called it “the perfect combination of old‐fashioned good taste and today's convenience. No mess. No fuss. Easy to use. All you have to do is clean your spoon. Everything else just throw away.” Unfortunately, the multi‐layered plastic‐coated packaging does not just disappear when thrown away. Plastics packaging, particularly from convenience products, has become a waste disposal nightmare. Garbage, an environmental magazine, gave the Souper Combo an “in the dumpster” award, saying, “It's precisely the kind of product that's created the municipal landfill monster.”
Electronic paths to resource sharing: Widening opportunities through the Internet
Authors: Engle Mary E.
Published: February 2008

In the early 1980s, Luis Alvarez and his colleagues added a new dimension to Darwin's theory of evolution. With evidence from studies of the earth's crust between the cretacious and tertiary layers, they postulated that the traditional slow, gradual mutation of species over eons was also punctuated with occasional major changes, often catastrophic, that caused leaps in evolution in relatively short “moments” of history. The extinction of the dinosaurs and half the other animal species alive between the cretacious and tertiary periods of earth's history was one such momentous change, forever altering the evolution of animal species.
The EPIC experience: An assessment of OCLC's New Online System after its first year
Authors: Zorbas Elaine , Whitcomb Laurie
Published: February 2008

The EPIC system continues to evolve since it was first released in January 1990. Initially EPIC offered improved access to OCLC's formidable bibliographic database. Pasadena Public Library's experiences with the system, as one of the six field test sites, were described in a “first look” article, in January 1990.1 Since then EPIC has added additional databases such as ERIC, ABI Inform, Dissertation Abstracts, Business Dateline, Pharmaceutical News Index, and the GPO Monthly Catalog, as well as opening a gateway to EasyNet. EPIC's growth puts it in the category of a potential competitor to such established systems as DIALOG, BRS, Wilsonline, and others.
Application of training principles and techniques for successful library instruction
Authors: Warnken Paula N. , Young Victoria L.
Published: February 2008

Library instruction has become a public services program at most academic libraries. As such, it has the potential of being a library's most innovative and visible program. Yet, no matter how innovative, such a program cannot become visible without the support of the entire university community. Librarians, administrators, faculty members, and students alike must perceive a need and value for an instructional program if it is to be implemented successfully.
Corporate citizenship: Sources for tracking the social performance of corporations
Authors: Diamond Wendy , Kivel Andy
Published: February 2008

Not since the Great Depression of the 1930s have the activities of individual corporations come under as much scrutiny as they have over the past decade. With daily headlines about the savings and loan crisis, insider trading, layoffs and plant closures, green marketing, ingredient labeling practices, and influence‐peddling political contributions, the new watchwords in the business world are ethics, accountability, and social responsibility.
Building a women's studies reading area collection: University of Wisconsin‐Madison, College Library experience
Authors: Jesudason Melba
Published: February 2008

Over the last two decades, women's issues such as education, employment, pay equity, sexuality, lifestyle, housing, economics, environmental safety, health, child‐rearing practices, reproductive rights, military service, and criminal justice have become a major focus of public policy at every level. There has been equal interest about women of various ethnic backgrounds, women in other countries, and women's writing. There have been burgeoning social and political demands for research, scholarship, and activism on women‐related topics. To meet these demands, universities and colleges started interdisciplinary women's studies programs. Sheila Tobias, a leading scholar in the field of women's studies, defines it this way:
Feminism and war: Theoretical issues and debates
Authors: DiIorio Judith A.
Published: February 2008

Men make war; women make peace. Men make war; women make children. Men make war because women make children. Because men make war, women make children. Women make peace because they make children.
The Cambridge Modern History: Genesis of a reference publishing tradition
Authors: Fritze Ronald H.
Published: February 2008

Cambridge, Harvard, Oxford: the names of these universities instantly conjure up images of the highest attainments of higher education. Of course, great universities also operate great university presses. So any reference book with the name of Oxford, Cambridge, or Harvard in the title possesses immediate credibility and saleability. But it was not always so. Prior to the latter half of the nineteenth century the Oxford and the Cambridge University Presses were known to the public primarily as publishers of the Bible. Oxford broke into reference publishing, and along with it widespread public recognition, by means of its famous dictionaries, of which the pinnacle was the massive Oxford English Dictionary. The Cambridge University Press [hereafter referred to as CUP] took a different approach to publishing scholarly reference works by producing authoritative and encyclopedic histories. According to S.C. Roberts, a long‐time secretary to the Syndics of the CUP, “apart from the Bible, the first book that made the Press well known to the general public was the Cambridge Modern History.”
Tracking the Monster: Frankenstein in an academic library
Authors: Palmer Lorraine
Published: February 2008

This article discusses information sources and critical interpretations of Mary Shelley's life and her most important work, Frankenstein: Or, the Modern Prometheus. In addition to publishing history and information about revisions, translations, inclusion in collections, and references to possible sources of the story, it will evaluate some biographical material about Mary Shelley and her family, and their influence on her. Finally, various critical approaches, the growth of interest in both the writer and her work, and possible reasons for it will be noted.
Teacher preparation reform reports: 1985–1990: A bibliographic essay
Authors: Gratch Bonnie
Published: February 2008

The decade of the 1980s was unique for the sheer quantity of education reform reports and legislation. Virtually every state enacted education reform legislation, including reforms of teacher education, licensing, and comprehension. According to Darling‐Hammond and Berry, over 1,000 pieces of legislation related to teachers have been drafted since 1980, and “a substantial fraction have been implemented.” As I discussed in my 1989 RSR article, “Five Years after A Nation at Risk: An Annotated Bibliography,” two waves of 1980s reform reports were identified in the enormous body of primary and secondary literature dealing with education reform. The reform publications of the early 1980s stressed improvements in curricular standards, student performance outcomes, and changes to the education programs, such as salary increases, teacher testing, and stricter certification requirements. The second‐wave reform publications emphasized more complex issues centered around the concepts of restructuring the schools and teacher education programs, as well as empowering teachers to become more involved in curriculum and governance issues.
Reference works for literary theory
Authors: Kieft Robert
Published: February 2008

The heady system of high‐pressure Continental air that drifted across the Atlantic and collided with the traditional cyclonic patterns of U.S. literary academe in the mid‐1960s precipitated a “Theory Revolution” that has brought a couple of decades of stormy and stimulating weather to the campus. The collision has produced occasionally furious debate and resulted for higher education in the kind of public attention customarily reserved for athletic scandals; it has kept tenuring processes in turmoil and publish‐or‐perish mills working round the clock.
The origins and development of Jane's Fighting Ships
Authors: Chapman Bert
Published: February 2008

Once a year a reference source is published in Surrey, England, that brings visitors such as the military attachés from the Chinese and former Soviet embassies in London to Surrey. The source these individuals and organizations are so eager to obtain is Jane's Fighting Ships (JFS), an annual naval compendium which has summarized international naval trends and developments for nearly a century.
New sources on grants and grant writing
Authors: Gothberg Helen M. , Ferrell Edith H.
Published: February 2008

It is obvious to many librarians that requests for information on funding sources are increasing in most types of libraries. Public support programs are dwindling, and corporate profits are receding. The publishing field has responded to this need by producing a new array of tools to help grant seekers find appropriate funding sources.
The golden age of radio and television programming: A guide to reference sources
Authors: Block Eleanor S.
Published: February 2008

Many individuals experience a sense of déjà vu when smelling a particular scent in the air or on hearing a name or words from the past. At times even the faintest scent or sound may evoke old memories and stir the senses. This is particularly true when the names of long‐ago television and radio programs are heard. Depending on one's age and the part of the country in which one lived, people born before the “baby boom” years (1946–1964) often feel a profound sense of nostalgia about such radio programs as Mr. District Attorney and Fibber McGee and Molly or the television shows Howdy Doody and Toast of the Town/Ed Sullivan Show. These early programs are considered part of the “golden age” of radio and television broadcasting.
State lists of endangered, threatened, or rare species: An exploration of the literature
Authors: Gardner Rebecca L. , Calhoun Ellen , Boyle Jeanne E.
Published: February 2008

In 1990 we compiled an annotated bibliography of official state lists of endangered, threatened, and rare species. In gathering information for that bibliography, which appeared in Reference Services Review in Spring 1991, we found numerous unofficial sources of state lists, such as those developed by universities, institutes, and Natural Heritage Programs, which also provide valuable information on statuses of endangered, threatened, and rare species. A comprehensive search for unofficial lists results in this second bibliography.
Rap music and its political connections: An annotated bibliography
Authors: Cleary Robert M.
Published: February 2008

Rap music subordinates music to language. It is this emphasis on language that can make rap a vehicle for many ideas, if that is the rapper's intention. Playthell Benjamin, former academic and freelance writer for such magazines as the Village Voice and Emerge, believes that rappers can be divided into distinct groups, based on the message or non‐message conveyed. He groups rappers as “Narcissists, didactics, party‐time rappers, or gangsters” based on the content of their rapping. Any rapper who falls into one of these groups can have political significance for blacks, whites, women, liberals, conservatives, Jews, Muslims, and Christians. Narcissists frequently refer to women as mere sex objects, the worst example being the group 2 Live Crew, and less offensive examples being L.L. Cool J. and Big Daddy Kane. Didactics are the chief proponents of Afrocentric thinking and revisionist history. Representatives of this style would be Public Enemy, KRS‐One, and X‐Clan. Party‐time rappers, such as Heavy D and the Boyz or Biz Markie, are rarely serious, but sexism and homophobia can be elements in their raps. Gangster rappers N.W.A., Ice‐T, and Ice Cube are currently receiving a lot of attention from the press, and violent behavior characterizes their lyrics.
The Israeli peace movement from the outbreak of the intifada to an uncertain future: An annotated bibliography
Authors: Metz Allan
Published: February 2008

On 1 April 1978, the Israeli peace movement burst into world consciousness when an estimated 25,000 Israelis demonstrated in Tel Aviv to urge the administration of Prime Minister Menachem Begin to continue peace negotiations with Egypt. A grassroots group called Peace Now is credited with organizing and leading that demonstration. Today, the “peace camp” refers to left‐wing political parties and organizations that hold dovish positions on the Arab‐Israeli conflict and the Palestinian issue. While some figures in the Labor Party view themselves as the peace movement's natural leader, political parties further to the left like the Citizens Rights Movement (CRM) and Mapam are more dovish. In the last 10 years, many grassroots peace organizations have, like Peace Now, formed outside the political party system, with the goal of influencing public opinion and eventually having an impact on policy makers. Peace Now is still the largest, most visible and influential of those organizations.
Staff exchange in reference services
Authors: Testi Andrea R. , Bordeianu Sever
Published: February 2008

Research at universities is becoming increasingly specialized and, at the same time, more interdisciplinary. In response to this paradox, academic libraries have tended to specialize along discipline lines by creating divisional libraries. The divisions typically offer reference and other library services to a focused clientele. This specialization leads to isolation and lack of communication among library departments, including separate, subject‐specific reference units. It also limits the versatility of staff. Staff exchange has been used in academic libraries to address some of these problems. It entails the utilization of a library's employees from one department performing tasks in another department.
The 1992 U.S. Presidential election: An annotated bibliography
Authors: Metz Allan
Published: February 2008

“What went wrong?” This was the question no doubt asked by the Bush campaign and the Republican Party after the 3 November 1992 presidential election.
Lolita and censorship: A case study
Authors: Feeney Ann
Published: February 2008

Vladimir Nabokov's 1954 novel Lolita is one of the most frequently mentioned works in discussions of censorship, probably because of its undeniable literary merit and the enthusiasm with which its detractors and defenders have condemned and praised it. It has been condemned as pornography for its sexual content and as depravity for its unusual and even shocking subject matter, and has been praised as one of the greatest novels of the twentieth century.
The American Heritage Dictionary Of The English Language, 3D edition: A review
Authors: Gray Richard A.
Published: February 2008

In her introduction to the third edition to The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (AHD), executive editor Anne H. Soukhanov justly and temperately praises the first edition, which appeared in 1969. That pioneering work, she asserts, “did four things and did them well.
Norman Stevens: Au Revoir and Toodle‐oo!
Authors: Barbara Watstein Sarah
Published: February 2008

The following remarks are dedicated to Norman D. Stevens, director of the Molesworth Institute, in anticipation of his retirement from the hustle bustle world of academia. They are offered in gratitude from his colleagues and fellow editorial board members at Reference Serials Review.
THE CD‐ROM network at the Claremont colleges: Implementation, instruction, and remote access
Authors: Burrow Gale , Gunter Linda
Published: February 2008

In December 1989, Pomona College and Claremont McKenna College (CMC) received a grant from the Knight Foundation to fund increased availability of, access to, and use of electronic databases. This article will describe the role of the Libraries of the Claremont Colleges in carrying out specifications of the grant through implementation of a CD‐ROM local area network with remote access and through preparation and presentation of instructional sessions focusing on use of the available databases. It will also discuss some of the changes that increased use of electronic technologies has brought to the Libraries.
OHIOLINK: A statewide system raises new issues and opportunities for cooperation
Authors: Kohl David F.
Published: February 2008

It should come as no surprise that the 1993 EDU‐COM conference in Cincinnati, Ohio, showcased one of North America's most interesting experiments in automation—Ohio's OhioLINK. Unusual in this conference, traditionally focused on technical issues, was the focus on OhioLINK as representative of new politics, a new funding strategy, and a new library paradigm, rather than OhioLINK described in terms of mips, routers, and bandwidth.
The national research and education network: The early evolution of nren
Authors: Cassel Jeris F. , Little Sherry K.
Published: February 2008

A national multi‐gigabit‐per‐second research and education network known as the National Research and Education Network is to be established by 1996, according to the High‐Performance Computing Act of 1991 (P.L. 102–194) passed in December 1991. Commonly known as the NREN and referred to as the “information highway,” this electronic network is expected to provide scientific, educational, and economic benefits for the United States and to serve as the basis for an all‐encompassing National Information Infrastructure available to all citizens. The idea of the NREN began in the late 1960s in the Department of Defense and its Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) with the development of ARPANet, the first packet‐switching network. This evolved into the Internet, or Interim NREN, after the National Science Foundation (NSF) linked its national supercomputing centers with the NSFNet. The NSFNet is to be the technological backbone for the NREN, which will continue the networking begun by the Internet. Initially, the NREN is intended to interconnect researchers and resources of research institutions, educational institutions, industry, and government in every state.
Of sundials and digital watches: A further step toward the new paradigm of reference
Authors: Mood Terry Ann
Published: February 2008

Judging by the amount of comment on various electronic bulletin boards, it seems that the library profession is indeed embracing a “new paradigm of reference.” Libraries around the country are abandoning their traditional reference desk and replacing it with an information desk, staffed by paraprofessionals or graduate students. These students answer repetitive directional and quick‐answer reference questions. Reference librarians, in turn, are moving behind the scenes to await referrals. The student or patron needing more lengthy research help, such as a college student just starting a term paper, a small businessperson needing market information, or a person studying local history spends time with a librarian and receives needed research assistance.
Guides, clearinghouses, and value‐added repackaging: Some thoughts on how librarians can improve the internet
Authors: Rosenfeld Louis B.
Published: February 2008

At the office, during the commute, even at home, it is likely that the topic of a conversation will turn to the Internet. Librarians are finding themselves increasingly drawn into this chaotic environment—some willingly and some not. Using the Internet can be an intimidating and frustrating experience, especially for beginners. Yet librarians, many of whom are novices, are increasingly asked to take on active roles in making the Internet a more usable information resource for their communities. What can librarians do to improve the value of the Internet and its information?
The Arthurian Legend: A core collection
Authors: Doherty John J.
Published: February 2008

This bibliography is intended as a guide for librarians, scholars, students, and interested amateurs. It suggests what books or media would be an invaluable starting collection to understanding the Arthurian legend, which has been over a millennium in the making.
Library instruction as independent study: The summer enrichment program experiment at Iowa State University
Authors: Howze Philip C. , Smith Dana E.
Published: February 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate student propensity to learn library use skills independently, as well as to determine whether learning was enhanced through the use of culturally oriented materials. Seventy‐nine participants of color were studied to measure the impact of such variables as independence, culturally centered exercises, and pass rates when using an independent study bibliographic instruction (BI) packet. All packets included the same library use concepts, half expressed as culturally centered, half as classical exercises. Of this number, 40 participants were given multicultural exercises; the other 39 were given classical examples. Within these two groups, 20 from each group were invited to use the services of a peer counselor for help with questions related to the exercises; the others were not offered this option (in order to test for independence). The opportunity to conduct this study resulted from the library's participation in the Summer Enrichment Program (SEP).
Beyond limbaugh: The far right's publishing spectrum
Authors: Danky Jim , Cherney John
Published: February 2008

In the 1960s those on the political left flattered themselves that the vast number of publications by socialists, anarchists, feminists, and other groups on that wing of the political spectrum were evidence of the rich intellectual life of the struggle to create a progressive America. Conversely, the lack of publishing by the right was evidence of a general lack of intelligence. But that was then, and this is most certainly now. The right in America has moved from margin to center over the last two decades, vindicating former Attorney General John Mitchell's boast that “the country is going so far to the right that you won't recognize it.”
Cooperative reference services and the referred reference question: An annotated bibliography 1983–1994
Authors: Hogan Donna R.
Published: February 2008

Cooperative reference is defined as “a process through which information assistance is provided, at least in part, by referring the user or the user's questions to library/information personnel at another institution, according to a system of formally established protocols.”
The gateway: A bridge to the library of the future
Authors: Dowler Lawrence , Farwell Laura
Published: February 2008

In 1993, a proposal was made at Harvard College to renovate the principal undergraduate library (Lamont) to create a Gateway library. What do we mean by that phrase? A Gateway library, as we define it, is a transition from a traditional library (characterized, perhaps a little unfairly, as a passive storehouse of the scholarly output of printed texts and space for their study) to the emerging world of digital information and distributed computing, sometimes whimsically portrayed as a network of astonishing resources available over broadband networks from anywhere in the world. Specific predictions about how information technology will change and affect libraries is premature, in part, because we do not fully understand how it will affect universities, of which libraries are a necessary and integral part. The Gateway, then, represents a transition between two learning cultures—print and digital—and tries to bridge the gap between the traditional library and what it might become as higher education metamorphoses.
Is hunting ethical? A core collection of books
Authors: Wiese William H.
Published: February 2008

A recently published survey found that slightly over 14 million persons age 16 or over hunted in the United States in 1991 and spent over $12 billion on hunting. By comparison, the same survey determined there are over 35 million anglers. Another source estimates that nearly 18 million participants age seven and older hunted with firearms in 1992. That ranks hunting well below the participatory sports of swimming, bicycling, and bowling in popularity, but ahead of football, skiing, tennis, and target shooting. Estimates vary, and while these numbers are substantial, they indicate that hunters comprise well under ten percent of the total U.S. population. Hunters have come under increasing fire from animal rightists and others who claim the sport is cruel and unnecessary. Hundreds of articles and a number of books have been written in recent years on both sides of the issue, or, more accurately, all sides. Many writers as well as the population at large see hunting as not entirely “good” or “bad” but some of each, depending upon the context.
Puerto Rico's political status debate: An annotated bibliography of selected english‐language sources
Authors: Diaz Jose O. , Diaz Karen R.
Published: February 2008

“When James Boswell returned from a tour of Corsica in 1765 he wrote: ‘It is indeed amazing that an island so considerable, and in which such noble things have been doing, should be so imperfectly known.’ The same might be said today of Puerto Rico.” Thus began Millard Hansen and Henry Wells in the foreword to their 1953 look at Puerto Rico's democratic development. Four decades later, the same could again be said about the island.
Extending the clan: Graduate assistantships in the reference department
Authors: Stephenson Nina K. , St. Clair Linda
Published: February 2008

Reference librarians in today's academic libraries are typically confronted with a growing array of simultaneous demands. Strained financial resources, staffing shortages, the challenge of adding new services, the explosion of information, and the electronic revolution have complicated (and sometimes compromised) the delivery of quality services. In response to many universities' growing commitment to offer nontraditional degree programs, reference staff are also assuming more responsibility for night and weekend instruction.
The many faces of the economic bulletin board
Authors: Boettcher Jennifer
Published: February 2008

The variety of files offered on the Economic Bulletin Board can make an economist's dream come true or a researcher's nightmare come to life. Not only do they have access to the Business Cycle Indicators, petroleum supply and price information, and daily updates on trade leads, but they also have a choice of methods such as World Wide Web, gopher, telnet, ftp, dial‐up, and fax to reach the conglomeration of data.
Selected reference sources in polling and survey research methodology, 1971–1996
Authors: Walden Graham R.
Published: February 2008

As we approach the millennium, we find ourselves in a world that places ever greater weight and significance on the outcome of polls, surveys, and market research. The advent of modern polling began with the use of scientific sampling in the mid‐1930s and has progressed vastly beyond the initial techniques and purposes of the early practitioners such as George Gallup, Elmo Roper, and Archibald Crossley. In today's environment, the computer is an integral part of most commercial survey work, as are the efforts by academic and nonprofit enterprises. It should be noted that the distinction between the use of the words “poll” and “survey” is somewhat arbitrary, with the mass media seeming to prefer “polling,” and with academia selecting “survey research.” However, searching online systems will yield differing results, hence this author's inclusion of both terms in the title of this article.
Library instruction and information literacy —1995
Authors: Rader Hannelore B.
Published: February 2008

The following is an annotated list of materials dealing with information literacy including instruction in the use of information resources, research, and computer skills related to retrieving, using, and evaluating information. This review, the twenty‐second to be published in Reference Services Review, includes items in English published in 1995. After 21 years, the title of this review of the literature has been changed from “Library Orientation and Instruction” to “Library Instruction and Information Literacy,” to indicate the growing trend of moving to information skills instruction.
INTERNATIONAL CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS AND THE NEW NOTATION FOR ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Authors: MALCOLM DYSON G.
Published: February 2008

There is a wide range of opinion as to the purpose for which chemical abstracts are prepared, varying from the view that they should be little more than a record of the title, author and reference, to that which vaguely hopes that they will contain ‘everything of importance’ from the original communication, and in some way, thereby, save the reader the trouble of consulting that original. There is an element of justification for both views, and it is of value to define the purpose of the chemical abstract in some detail.
THE NATIONAL CENTRAL LIBRARY
Authors: HILL R.H.
Published: February 2008

The Annual Report of the National Central Library for the year ending 29 February, 1948, records substantial increase in its normal services as well as important expansion of its range of activities. The stock of the Library, reduced by enemy action in 1941 from 176,961 to 72,612, has now risen to 111,439—an increase in 1947–48 of 5,465 books, of which 4,430 were obtained by purchase. The total issues of books, numbering 84,889, show an increase of 28·6 per cent. over those of the previous year, and of 44 per cent. over the last pre‐war year. They include 8,655 books and periodicals supplied to university libraries, 6,581 to special ‘outlier’ libraries, 7,823 to Government departments and research and industrial organizations, and 12,652 to adult education classes. In addition, the Scottish and Irish Central Libraries issued 15,547 and 13,082 books respectively to all types of libraries.
DIFFICULTIES OF INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION
Authors: CARTER E.J.
Published: February 2008

Mr Carter said he proposed to deal with some practical difficulties in the way of international collaboration in documentation. The task was important for UNESCO because development in every field of Education, science, and culture largely depended on international co‐operation in documentation. UNESCO represented the biggest practical effort yet made to assist such collaboration, but UNESCO was still feeling its way towards the best means of working and of using its limited finance, but it was clear that both international and national documentation and library organizations had a key place in the UNESCO scheme.
SOME RECENTLY STARTED SPECIAL LIBRARIES 1. THE LIBRARY OF THE INSTITUTE OF THE MOTOR INDUSTRY
Authors: HEWETSON C.E.C.
Published: February 2008

The Institute of the Motor Industry, founded in 1920, is an incorporated institution providing qualifications, by examination, for executives and administrative staff in the motor industry. Most of the membership is drawn from the servicing and repair side of the industry but there is an increasing number of members engaged in the manufacture of vehicles and ancillary products. Thus, any library service provided must cover the needs of these individuals, as well as those of students studying for the examinations of the Institute.
2. THE LIBRARY OF THE ATOMIC ENERGY RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT
Authors: GOSSET M.
Published: February 2008

The library covers all fields of science and technology, including medicine, with particular emphasis on nuclear physics, radio‐chemistry and their applications. It is a reference and lending library for the scientific and technical staff of the establishment and two main libraries are being built up, one for reference and one for lending. As far as possible duplicate copies are obtained of all books. Where only one copy is available it goes in the reference library. The stock now is about 4,000 books, 250 current periodicals, 6,000 pamphlets and thousands of reports.
2. OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS IN PUBLIC REFERENCE LIBRARIES
Authors: MALLABER K.A.
Published: February 2008

Public reference libraries may be divided into two groups as regards the use they make of official publications. The small and medium‐sized libraries—by far the larger number—buy a small selection only of Government publications. The subject‐matter covers the whole range, but in general it is the major works of reference only that are bought, plus some special series which are of topical or local interest. Such are the Public General Acts, Statutory Instruments, the Nautical Almanac, the Imperial Calendar, the daily—or more likely weekly—Hansard, some of the post‐war building studies, and so on. The other group of libraries—larger libraries such as Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, Bristol, Sheffield, Leeds, buy a much more comprehensive range of official publications, including many complete series on standing order. Of these regional libraries, Liverpool, Birmingham and Westminster have standing orders for every item sold by H.M.S.O. A further point of difference is that the smaller libraries buy for immediate and foreseeable use while the larger ones aim at least in part at completeness, and consequently, they preserve all they buy permanently.
3. OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS IN A SPECIAL LIBRARY
Authors: KYLE BARBARA
Published: February 2008

I must make clear that I am speaking of a Special Library—that is to say a library that is something between the large General Library that attempts to maintain a complete collection of at least some official documents (as Westminster, of which Mr. Mallaber has spoken) and the smaller general library which only deals with a small quantity of such material, and which therefore usually looks at a Government or an international organization simply as a publisher, and whose only problems are those of author cataloguing (problems which we hope will be largely solved, as far as H.M.S.O. publications are concerned, by Mr. COX).
THE LIBRARY AS A TOOL OF THE THEATRE
Authors: SIMONS ERIC N.
Published: February 2008

Members of this Conference are so used to hearing long dissertations from me on subjects they know much more about than I do, that they will perhaps welcome a talk on something about which I, for once, probably know a good deal more than they. For about 15 years I have been one of the Directors of a professional repertory theatre, the Playhouse, at Sheffield, and am also the Chairman of its Executive Committee. Some of you may have heard a broadcast from our theatre within the last few months. A number of my colleagues and myself were elected some 15 years ago to help in putting the theatre back on its feet after it had been been compelled to close down. One of them, a member of the Aslib Council today, was Mr. J. P. Lamb, City Librarian of Sheffield, who for a long period was Chairman of our Board and ably directed the company's policy. The company is now financially sound, makes a good annual profit, and does so without lowering its standards of production or choice of plays. All the profit has, I hasten to add, to go back into the theatre, and we Directors receive no remuneration whatsoever for our services. Our work is purely voluntary.
INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTATION
Authors: LE MAISTRE C.
Published: February 2008

Documentation in the international field was initiated, as you know, largely through the devoted efforts of a few enthusiastic pioneers. The International Office of Bibliography was founded in 1895 in Brussels. In 1928 Mr. F. Donker Duyvis was made a General Secretary with Messrs. Otlet and La Fontaine, and so the International Institute of Bibliography had an office in the Hague as well as in Brussels.
INDUSTRIAL, TECHNICAL AND COMMERCIALINFORMATION: THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY
Authors: AUSTIN HINTON E.
Published: February 2008

The theme of this conference is the provision of necessary information for the industrialist, the technologist, and for the business man generally. Of the importance, the vital importance, of this subject there will be no question to‐day. In the halcyon conditions of the pre‐war world our supposedly characteristic British methods in industry and commerce were perhaps sufficient. Some conscious pride in the superior quality and finish of our products, and the comfortable wealth forthcoming from our overseas investments, permitted a relatively careless enjoyment by a creditor nation of a seller's market. In the very different circumstances in which, as a nation, we find ourselves to‐day, our erstwhile light‐hearted inattention to research, methods, and markets can only lead to disaster, to our complete financial, political, and social ruin. To say this is, of course, to state what is generally known and agreed; however much the unpalatable truth of it may be evaded by ostrich‐like and fact‐cushioning gratulations upon targets achieved or quotas exceeded. Government admonitions, the directives issued by production boards and working parties, the publications of manufacturing and trade associations—these all stress the importance of factual information and emphasize the absolute necessity of studying the possibilities of new methods, and their application in improving the quality and the design of our industrial products, reducing their costs, and generally increasing their attractiveness to potential customers.
INTER‐LIBRARY CO‐OPERATION: THE REGIONAL LIBRARY BUREAU
Authors: SCURFIELD JANETTA G.
Published: February 2008

The key‐note of to‐day's conference has been information, indeed I could perhaps say information about information. We have considered in particular the need for and importance of information in the industrial and commercial world where it may well be said to be as vital as oxygen for the maintenance of life itself.
LIBRARY CO‐OPERATION IN SCOTLAND
Authors: SHARP L.W.
Published: February 2008

Co‐operation and libraries can hardly help being named together. Those types of organization which have been the chief sponsors of libraries, e.g. the college, the university, the learned society and the public corporation, all contain in themselves the idea of banding together for the good of a community.
1. THE DRAFTING OF QUESTIONNAIRES
Authors: SILVEY ROBERT J.E.
Published: February 2008

MR Silvey quoted the widespread assumption that the drafting of questionnaires was only a matter of common sense—was this really the case?
1. THE BRITISH NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY
Authors: FRANCIS F.C.
Published: February 2008

I greatly appreciate the privilege of being able to talk this evening to Aslib on the subject of the British National Bibliography—an enterprise in which we are extremely glad to be able to count on the support of Aslib, and in the formation of which Aslib, in the person of Miss Ditmas, played a prominent part. It is, of course, early days to be speaking of this venture: it is a bare nine weeks old this very day, having been safely delivered, a rather slender child, on 4th January. It has put on weight since then, and we hope it can be safely described as a lusty infant. But it is still really growing up and its character is still being formed and we hope that its godparents will not hesitate to fulfil all of the functions of a godparent in helping to mould its upbringing, by tactful comments and suggestions.
2. CATALOGUING OF GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS
Authors: EVANS T.C.D.
Published: February 2008

For many years the Stationery Office has produced a day‐to‐day catalogue of its publications in the form of index cards in order to provide the various Sale Offices of the Department with up‐to‐date information. Following discussions with the University and Research Section of the Library Association (London Group) it was agreed that provided sufficient demand existed index cards for official publications would be supplied to libraries to enable them to build up their own card catalogues from day to day.