bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodology to Solve Definitional Tasks of Pedagogical Research
Authors: Churkina Natalya Ivanovna
Published: February 2021

The research objective includes identifying methodological tools for solving definitional tasks of a pedagogical research. Relying on theoretical and empirical analysis, the author justifies methodology to develop a conceptual framework of a scientific-pedagogical research. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher for the first time proposes methodology to solve definitional tasks of a theoretical research. The findings are as follows: the author justifies methodology for solving definitional tasks, which includes invariable and variable stages, identifies scientific methods relevant to a particular stage.
Forming Students’ Linguo-Pragmatic Competence in Foreign Language Classes
Authors: Davydova Yulia Grigorjevna
Published: February 2021

The article justifies the necessity to form higher school students’ linguo-pragmatic competence as an integral component of communicative competence that ensures successful intercultural communication. The author analyses causes of pragma-linguistic failures, provides a detailed linguistic description of the competence components, proposes a set of tasks promoting formation of linguo-pragmatic competence in foreign language classes at linguistic and non-linguistic universities. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher provides a comprehensive description of linguo-pragmatic competence and proposes a model to form linguo-pragmatic competence in foreign language classes. The research findings are as follows: the author reveals essence of linguo-pragmatic competence, clarifies its structure and suggests a set of exercises promoting formation of this competence in the process of teaching a foreign language at higher school.
Organization of Educational Practice of Students of “Land Management and Cadastres” Training Area
Authors: Fedotova Vera Sergeevna
Published: February 2021

The research objective is as follows: to improve organization of educational practice of students - future specialists in the sphere of land management and real estate cadastre in terms of optimization of educational outcomes in practical training (readiness for professional activity, formation of professional competences, competent presentation of outcomes, etc.). The article considers the problem of organizing educational practice of students of the “Land Management and Cadastres” training area; justifies the role of educational practice in training specialists in the sphere of land management and real estate cadastre; examines new legal requirements for practical training outcomes; reveals a possibility for cooperation in organizing educational practice by the example of an electronic educational resource. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher identifies the role of practice and practical training in students’ professional development, proposes a model of an educational practice program for students of the “Land Management and Cadastres” training area, justifies efficiency of using electronic educational resources while organizing educational practice under the conditions of education digitalization. The conclusion is made that students’ conscious perception of educational practice, understanding its goals, tasks, outcomes is achieved under the condition of equal participation of educational and profiled organizations in formulation of educational practice tasks.
Linguo-Didactic Potential of Geo-Poetical Texts in Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language (В2-С1 Levels)
Authors: Vasilieva Taтiana Vladimirovna , Puchkova Yelena Victorovna
Published: February 2021

The paper analyses the linguo-didactic potential of authentic geo-poetical texts in teaching Russian as a foreign language to В2-С1-level students. The article describes peculiarities of the geo-poetical text as a type of the literary text, examines the linguo-didactic potential of this type of texts in teaching Russian as a foreign language, and proposes variants of pre-, while- and post-reading tasks. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the authors for the first time reveal the educational potential of the Far Eastern geo-poetical texts in teaching Russian as a foreign language. The research findings are as follows: the authors justify efficiency of using regionally oriented geo-poetical texts when teaching Russian as a foreign language.
Dynamics of Academic Motivation and Professional Choice Motivation among Students of Linguo-Didactic Training Programmes
Authors: Atlanova Lidiia Alexandrovna , Korenev Alexey Alexandrovich
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the research is to determine the current level of academic motivation of students - future foreign language teachers, to examine dynamics of academic motivation throughout years of study. The article presents the research findings and the factors that affect academic motivation of students of linguo-didactic training programmes. Scientific novelty of the work lies in examining the dynamic aspect peculiar to motivation of students of linguo-didactic training programmes. The research findings reveal a drop in academic motivation of students - future foreign language teachers as they approach their final years of study.
Model to Form Schoolchildren’s Professional Self-Determination within Educational Environment “Secondary School - Military Higher School”
Authors: Pasynkova Marina
Published: February 2021

The article considers the process of forming schoolchildren’s professional self-determination within the educational environment “secondary school - military higher school”. The author presents a pedagogical model to form schoolchildren’s professional self-determination on the basis of multi-level cooperation of educational institutions; reveals the pedagogical conditions influencing professional self-determination formation; describes research methods; analyses effects of introducing the model. Scientific originality of the study involves developing a model to form schoolchildren’s professional self-determination within the educational environment “secondary school - military higher school”. The experiment results testify to efficiency of the proposed pedagogical model when forming schoolchildren’s professional self-determination.
PERILAKU POSITIF PADA KOMUNIKASI ANTARPRIBADI DALAM TAYANGAN WEB SERIES JANJI (ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA CHARLES SANDERS PIERCE)
Authors: Rizki Mila Syafira , Ratnamulyani Ike Atikah , Kusumadinata Ali Alamsyah
Published: February 2021

Web series as a form of creativity in advertising that follows the development of times with serialized story packing. Web series JANJI is an advertisement aired on the Tropicana Slim YouTube account, telling story of married couple who had an appointment exam in his life. The study aimed to analyse positive behaviors on interpersonal communication in the display of web series JANJI. The research approach used was qualitative phenomenological with a descriptive method. Data collection was conducted with observation techniques and documentation studies. Charles Sanders Pierce Semiotics theory, that divides signs based on objects such as icon, index, and symbol, was used as the data analysis technique. The results showed that positive behaviors were portrayed by Naya characters in episode one and episode six, the positive behaviour also portrayed by Iko in episode three. This positive behaviour was dared to express his gratitude to the couple, apologizing for making mistakes and living a healthy life starting with the restriction of sugar on the body.Keywords: Interpersonal communication, Positive behavior, Semiotics, Tropicana Slim
MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION ABOUT STEM-BASED LEARNING
Authors: Sari Fitri Aida , Juandi Dadang
Published: February 2021

STEM has long been developed to produce a generation who is ready to face the challenges of the future era. STEM combines four elements (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) in a learning process to make it more meaningful. STEM has been widely applied in developed countries, but in Indonesia, it has received less attention and has not been implemented in the education curriculum. The purpose of this study is to describe teachers' perceptions about the application of STEM, whether it is suitable to be applied in each school where the teacher works, what facilities are needed, and whether it is suitable to be applied during the pandemic Covid-19. This research method used a qualitative descriptive method by distributing open questionnaires to mathematics teachers from various regions. The results showed that most teachers agreed to use STEM in learning mathematics, including its application during the pandemic Covid-19. Besides, many things must be prepared before it can be applied, including the readiness and understanding of teachers regarding STEM, the availability of STEM teaching materials, and the availability of supporting facilities for each student and their ability to use them.
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS BASED ON SELF-RELIANCE LEARNING
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan , Hidayat Irfan Saeful , Akhsani Lukmanul , Miranti Indira Pipit
Published: February 2021

The study aims to describe the students ' critical thinking skills reviewed by self-reliance learning. The research methods used are qualitative descriptive. The research subject is a grade VIII A student of SMP Negeri 3 Kalibagor which amounted to 28 people. Sampling is performed using the purposive sampling technique. In one class, selected two students with the category of the self-reliance learned to be seen, three students with the category of the self-reliance began to develop, and two students with a category of self-reliance learning culture. Collection of data using polls, tests, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis techniques used include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing concluding. The validation test used is triangulation. The results showed that more than 80% of the students who had already filled in learning independence poll included categories began to develop. Students of self-reliance category learning culture have a better critical thinking ability compared to the students ' categories begin to look and start developing. However, students with these three learning self-reliance categories do not master the evaluation capability indicator.
Reforma electoral e intervención federal: persistencia de los principios de unanimidad y consentimiento, Salta 1912-1918
Authors: Correa Rubén , Pérez Marta
Published: February 2021

En este artículo nos proponemos analizar el comportamiento del electorado y las estrategias de los dirigentes políticos de la provincia de Salta para resolver la tensión que produce en el seno de la estructura del poder oligárquico, la forzada ampliación de los derechos políticos en una sociedad pensada como ‘naturalmente’ desigual. Simultáneamente nos interesa dar cuenta sobre las implicancias que tuvo el ascenso al gobierno del radicalismo yrigoyenista y la Intervención Federal de 1918, que hacen explícitos los cuestionamientos a la arraigada forma de ‘hacer’ y ‘pensar’ la competencia electoral en el espacio social local. Nos preguntamos hasta qué punto los antiguos principios de unanimidad y consentimiento que acompañaron el juego político local serán interpelados en el nuevo escenario planteado por la irrupción de la política nacional y la ampliación de los derechos electorales, considerados como derechos de los individuos frente a una cultura política local que había procesado al sufragio como un gesto corporativo y unánime.
La territorialización de la política a nivel subnacional. El caso del Partido Justicialista en Santa Cruz
Authors: Sosa Pamela
Published: February 2021

Un panorama de los estudios que abordaron el cambio en la estructura del sistema político desde el regreso de la democracia en Argentina sostiene que, especialmente desde mediados de la década de 1980, es posible identificar un proceso de desnacionalización o provincialización de la competencia política partidaria y una creciente territorialización de la política. El presente artículo busca analizar este fenómeno como efecto de un repliegue de estructuras partidarias e indagar sobre sus características a nivel subnacional, a partir del análisis del caso del Partido Justicialista en la provincia de Santa Cruz hacia fines de la década de 1980. Para realizar el mismo, se describieron, en primer lugar, las disputas al interior del PJ y su relación con la política nacional en las elecciones internas nacionales y provinciales de 1988. En segundo lugar, se reconstruyó el posicionamiento de los partidos políticos sobre la «Ley de lemas» en Santa Cruz, un nuevo mecanismo propuesto para dirimir las internas políticas e indicador del repliegue del partido como estructura política. Las fuentes utilizadas fueron: entrevistas semiestructuradas, archivos periodísticos y normas electorales.
Las organizaciones partidarias provinciales, una mirada a través de las elecciones y el reclutamiento de candidatos. El caso del Frente Cívico de Santiago del Estero, 2005-2013
Authors: Ortiz de Rozas Victoria
Published: February 2021

El artículo indaga sobre las organizaciones partidarias provinciales, a través del estudio de los procesos electorales y las pautas de reclutamiento y trayectorias de los candidatos; que son abordados a través de una estrategia metodológica cualitativa. Se realiza un estudio de caso, sobre el Frente Cívico, partido gobernante en Santiago del Estero, tomando el período 2005-2013. Se describe un partido concentrado en la cúspide y , al mismo tiempo, descentralizado en la base, replicando la estructura del partido gobernante anterior, el peronismo. La emergencia del Frente Cívico no supone el reemplazo de una elite política por otra, sino un recambio en las posiciones más o menos cercanas al centro político y, en algunos casos, la permanencia de quienes disponen de un capital político personal propio. Se observa cómo en el curso de las elecciones municipales, se resuelven las disputas partidarias en el territorio y surgen los nuevos integrantes del partido de gobierno. Los procesos electorales se revelan así momentos centrales de disputa de poder. El trabajo permite matizar la visión de una política concentrada en el gobernador, así como mostrar ciertas continuidades en cuanto a las prácticas electorales y la integración de las filas partidarias en los sucesivos partidos de gobierno.
La política exterior de la dictadura cívico-militar argentina hacia Guatemala (1976-1983)
Authors: Rostica Julieta
Published: February 2021

La política exterior de la dictadura cívico-militar argentina (1976-1983) hacia América Central ha sido comúnmente analizada en función de la participación argentina en la lucha anti y contrarrevolucionaria en Nicaragua, sin atender a las particularidades históricas de cada uno de los países de la región. Este artículo, en cambio, tiene el objetivo de describir y sistematizar la política exterior de la dictadura argentina hacia Guatemala, identificar cuándo las relaciones entre ambos países se hicieron siste-máticas y, finalmente, ponderar la colaboración argentina en la lucha antisubversiva de dicho país. A partir de la confrontación de fuentes oficiales provistas por diferen-tes repositorios documentales, afirmamos que las relaciones diplomáticas entre am-bos países se hicieron sistemáticas entre 1979 y 1981 y que hubo colaboración en materia de seguridad nacional.
El peronismo en Resumen: derrotas y Justicialismo en una revista del exilio de Madrid (1978-1983)
Authors: Baeza Belda Joaquín
Published: February 2021

Lejos de desvincularse de la situación política argentina, la comunidad del exilio de la última dictadura residente en Madrid siguió debatiendo sobre el pasado reciente y la actualidad del país. Parte de ella se expresó desde el Club para la recuperación democrática argentina y la revista Resumen de la actualidad argentina. En este artículo, centrándonos en los autores vinculados al justicialismo, exploramos dos de las cuestiones más importantes que se trataron en la publicación: las causas del golpe de 1976 y el presente y futuro del peronismo. Con ello trataremos de presentar al exilio madrileño como un espacio de debate y de aprendizaje de los valores democráticos.
Reforma Universitaria y Liberación Nacional. Las “primeras” agrupaciones peronistas y los orígenes de la FURN en La Plata (1962-1966)
Authors: Pis Diez Nayla
Published: February 2021

El presente trabajo tiene por tema la relación entre Reforma Universitaria, militancia estudiantil y peronismo en la ciudad de La Plata de los tempranos años sesenta. Buscamos en estas páginas presentar una mirada procesual sobre dicha cuestión, colocando nuestro punto de partida no en 1966 sino unos años atrás. Así, se analizará el surgimiento, hacia 1963, de grupos identificados con el peronismo, intentando comprender tanto sus características internas (políticas y organizativas) como la relación con sus “otros” (las organizaciones reformistas, en particular). En segundo lugar, se reconstruye la creación de la Federación Universitaria para la Revolución Nacional (FURN) a mediados de 1966, manteniendo aquellos planos de análisis pero observando las rupturas y las continuidades que aparecen sobre ellos.
El concepto de América Latina en el pensamiento de Manuel Ugarte y Deodoro Roca
Authors: Moyano Javier
Published: February 2021

El presente texto fue publicado originalmente en Granados García, A.  y C. Marichal (Comp.). Construcción de las identidades latinoamericanas. Ensayo de historia intelectual (siglos XIX y XX). México, México: El Colegio de México.
Las luchas entre la Iglesia y el Estado a fines del siglo XIX. La “cuestión social” en Monseñor Pablo Cabrera
Authors: Reyna Berrotarán Denise
Published: February 2021

Monseñor Pablo Cabrera fue un sacerdote-historiador nacido a mediados de Siglo XIX que tuvo una activa participación tanto en espacios eclesiásticos/parroquiales como en círculos académicos, especialmente universitarios. Los primeros nos permiten, a través de su trayectoria, reflexionar sobre cómo se desenvolvieron los sacerdotes cordobeses a partir de los procesos de separación entre Iglesia y Estado en las décadas de 1880 y 1890 y de qué manera la Rerum Novarum afectó el vínculo de la Iglesia con la sociedad. Nos detendremos, entonces, en los efectos que tuvo la “cuestión social” en el accionar eclesiástico, tomando como caso de análisis la trayectoria de Cabrera.
La escena del miedo: posibilidad de una recepción aristotélica del terrorismo contemporáneo
Authors: Tillería Aqueveque Leopoldo
Published: February 2021

El artículo intenta, a contramano de la tradición, interpretar el fenómeno del miedo causado por el terrorismo contemporáneo, más que como un efecto político o sociológico, como una emoción esencialmente estética, vale decir, una sensación que se produce en nosotros una vez que nos hemos “representado” el incidente como una escena trágica. Metodológicamente, se han escogido cuatro acciones terroristas de este siglo en las que palmariamente se daría este “miedo estético”, sobre todo por el papel trascendental en ellas de la tecnología: el 11/9, la toma del teatro Dubrovkade Moscú, la ejecución de rehenes por el Estado Islámico y la masacre de Christchurchen marzo pasado. Para ello, se sigue la interpretación de “miedo trágico” presentada por Aristóteles, particularmente en su Poética, y las formulaciones sobre el miedo entregadas por Kant y Burke, principalmente.
Millennials: Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) and Social Media Engagement
Authors: Alam Tahia
Published: February 2021

Communication between employees play a crucial role in increasing the
productivity in the workplace. Social media is an ideal tool that can be used
to enhance the communication process between the employees. This tool can be
used to retrieve an insurmountable amount of information. Nevertheless, the
usage of social media has two different consequences known as the “dual
effects”: productive behaviors (task-oriented and relationship-building) and
unproductive behaviors (deviance) at work (Carlson D., Carlson J. & Harris, 2016). It is essential for
organizations to understand what drives Millennial employees and what tools
they prefer to utilize in the workplace. Understanding Millennials’ characteristics
will enable the management team to lead them appropriately and thus elicit more
productive outcomes. Millennials have certain characteristics that distinguish
them from previous generations. They are known as “digital natives” as the idea
of technology has been ingrained in their mind since birth. (Myers, Sundaram
& Vodanovich, 2010). This generation
expects an abundance of information, aims for the speed of communication and
multi-tasking, and are willing to share their experiences with the world via
social networks (Krishen et al, 2016). In this study, we will see how social
media can have an impact on their psychological health.
SPC25 is differentially expressed in the lymph nodes of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the SPC25 component of NDC80 kinetochore complex, SPC25, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. SPC25 mRNA was present at increased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of SPC25 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient overall survival, in lymph node negative patients but not in lymph node positive patients. Modulation of SPC25 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
ACTOR NETWORK IN TOURISM MANAGEMENT BASED ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (CASE STUDY OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN BATU CITY, INDONESIA)
Authors: Susniwati Susniwati
Published: February 2021

Batu City is known as one of the leading tourist cities in Indonesia because of its extraordinary potential of natural beauty. The purpose of this research is to analysize the actor network in tourism management based on sustainable development in Batu City. This study used adescriptive research method with a qualitative approach. As a result it is recommended to strengthen the role Department of Environmental Service in tourism development policies in Batu City. Batu City Government needs to establish a forum for “Community Conscious Environment” as a controlling agent. Batu City Government also needs to expand cooperation with academics,especially in environmental assessment cooperation.
An evaluation on changes in Hippocampus size for Cognitively Normal (CN), Mild Cognitive Impairments (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients using Fuzzy Membership Function
Authors: Hazarika Ruhul Amin , Maji Arnab Kumar , Kandar Debdatta , Chakrabarti Prasun , Chakrabarti Tulika , Rao KS Jagannatha , Carvalho Jose , Kateb Babak , Nami Mohammad
Published: February 2021

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disorders where the hippocampus in the brain gets affected severely. Hippocampus is a part of the limbic system, which is mainly responsible for forming memories. The transition from Cognitively Normal (CN) to AD is having one intermittent stage, popularly known as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). In this study, segmentation operation has been performed first to separate the hippocampus, and then an analysis has been made on the basis of changes in area and atrophy in the hippocampus. A total of “2008” numbers of MR images have been analyzed for three different subject groups consist of “210” different subjects (Male:105, Female: 105) namely, CN, MCI, and AD.Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the size and atrophy of the hippocampus due to AD and MCI in comparison with CN patients.Material and Methods: All the experiments have done using MATLAB tools. All the data used is acquired from the online dataset “Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)”.Results: From the study, it is found that the average difference in the size of the hippocampus between CN and MCI is 17.05%, between CN and AD is 31.90%, and between MCI and AD is 18.24%. The average atrophy per year in the hippocampus is found to be as 4.62% for AD, 2.33% for MCI, and 1.10% for CN subjects.Conclusions: From the study, it is observed that, for AD patients, hippocampus atrophy is highest, and hence they experience the highest memory loss followed by the MCI and CN patients.
Data Management for Researchers: Three Tales
Authors: Henry Teague R
Published: February 2021

This preprint is a copy of the blog post titled "Data Management for Researchers: Three Tales" written by Teague R. Henry and posted to the Strings Not Factors blog 1/24/2021, for the purposes of providing a persistent DOI for citation purposes.
Self-Regulated Resource Management in Emergency Remote Higher Education – Status Quo and Predictors
Authors: Naujoks Nick , Bedenlier Svenja , Gläser-Zikuda Michaela , Kammerl Rudolf , Kopp Bärbel , Ziegler Albert , Händel Marion
Published: February 2021

Because of the COVID-19 pandemic in the spring term 2020, students faced a sudden change from on-campus learning to online learning with synchronous and asynchronous online courses (emergency remote teaching). To study successfully, students not only needed to be prepared in terms of digital readiness (workspace, IT equipment, previous online learning experiences, and sharing information online), they also faced challenges that pertained to the self-regulated management of external resources (environment structuring, time management, and help-seeking). In the current study, we investigated students’ digital readiness for the sudden switch to online learning; differences between students’ intended and actual use of external resource management strategies; and the influence of students’ digital readiness on their actual use of resource management strategies. Students enrolled in a full-scale, German university (N = 662) answered two online questionnaires (before and in the middle of the term). Descriptive statistics indicated that students seemed to be ready to study online. However, a repeated measures analysis of variance showed that students were not able to manage their resources during the term as frequently as intended. Finally, separate regression analyses revealed that availability of workspace and IT equipment predicted the use of environment structuring strategies. Additionally, IT equipment and information sharing behavior predicted students’ help-seeking. Based on the current results, we discuss implications for the promotion of student self-regulated learning in online emergency remote teaching based on both external resources and digital readiness.
The Perception of Food Products in Adolescents, Lay Adults, and Experts: A Psychometric Approach
Authors: Perkovic Sonja , Otterbring Tobias , Schärli Corina , Pachur Thorsten
Published: February 2021

With nearly 40% of global mortality attributable to dietary factors, citizens are encouraged to eat more healthily. But how do people conceptualize healthy foods—and how is this conceptualization embedded in their cognitive representations of food ecology? Adolescents, lay adults, and nutritional experts rated a large, heterogeneous set of food products on a diverse set of characteristics, and we applied the psychometric paradigm pioneered in risk-perception research to identify the dimensions structuring the cognitive representations of those foods. We then used the foods’ scores on these dimensions to predict respondents’ judgments of the healthiness of those foods. Animal-based nutrients (e.g., cholesterol, fat, protein) and naturalness levels (e.g., processing, artificial additives) were the two central dimensions structuring respondent representations of the foods. Relative to the other two groups, the adolescents’ representations were less differentiated. Perceived healthiness was determined by multiple factors, but its strongest predictor was a food’s naturalness. These structures emerged for all respondent groups, but there was a high degree of variability among the adolescents.
Body Image During Quarantine; Generational Effects of Social Media Pressure on Body Appearance Perception
Authors: Speranza Trinidad , Abrevaya Sofia , Ramenzoni Veronica C
Published: February 2021

One of the consequences of the pandemic is that throughout 2020 virtual interactions largely replaced face-to-face interactions. Though there are few studies of how social media impacts body image perception across genders, research suggests that socializing through a virtual self-body image might have distinct implications for men and women. In an online study, we examined whether type of social pressure and body-ideal exert distinct pressures on members of the X, Y, and Z generations. Results showed media pressure affected body image satisfaction significantly more than other kinds of social pressure across genders and generations, with young males reporting a higher impact compared to older males. Males experienced more pressure to be muscular and women to be thin, especially for the younger generation. Future research should focus on social media as a potential intervention tool for the detection and prevention of body image disorders in both young female and male adults.
Not Next to You: Peer Rejection, Student Characteristics and the Moderating Effects of Classroom Composition
Authors: Hjalmarsson Simon , Fallesen Peter , Plenty Stephanie
Published: February 2021

Although sociodemographic characteristics such as immigrant background and low socioeconomic status have been found to increase the risk for peer rejection, it remains unclear whether rejection in school settings primarily occurs between different-characteristic peers or is also driven by same-characteristic peers, nor whether these types of processes are moderated by classroom composition. Building on person-group dissimilarity theories, we address this gap in the literature using a large sample of 4,215 Swedish students (aged 14-15) in 201 eighth grade classes. Sociometric data provide information on received rejection nominations and rejection networks in school classes. Five characteristics are examined at the student- and classroom-levels: gender, immigration background, household income, parental education, and cognitive ability. Information on sociodemographic characteristics is drawn from linked survey and administrative population registers. A two-pronged empirical strategy is used, using both multilevel random effects models and Exponential Random Graph Models. We find that multiple characteristics are associated with peer rejection, and classroom composition moderates how these characteristics are associated with the extent to which students are rejected and reject classmates who are different to themselves.
How global socio-technical regimes affect the success of low carbon innovation – The case of the industrial heat pump
Authors: Kieft Alco , Wesseling Joeri , Fünfschilling Lea , Hekkert Marko
Published: February 2021

This paper analyzes the impact of globalized industries on the diffusion of promising radical low carbon innovations. We do so by studying the interplay of global socio-technical regimes and technological innovation systems (TIS). Building on institutional theory, we develop a theoretical framework for TIS-regime interaction and apply it to the case of the industrial heat pump (IHP) in the Netherlands. Based on a qualitative, historical analysis over the past 30 years, we show how the heat pump TIS is at odds with the global process industry regime and identify several mechanisms through which the regime’s coercive, normative and mimetic institutional pressures influence TIS dynamics. We furthermore discuss how actors respond to and strategically deal with these pressures. We show that the institutionalization of a new logic in the global regime can outpace the rate of technological development of the radical innovation, causing it to become less attractive over time even though the technology’s performance increases. The paper thus provides a better understanding of the effects of global sectoral structures on radical low carbon innovation in particular places and industries. It offers valuable insights into the dynamics of sustainability transitions, especially in regard to the (limits to) effectiveness of policy interventions geared towards a particular TIS at the national level.
Who benefits from attending elite universities? Family background and graduates' career trajectories
Authors: Klein Markus
Published: February 2021

The literature on social stratification has paid considerable attention to whether and to what extent attending prestigious universities is advantageous for graduates’ labor market returns. This paper contributes to the literature by applying a more dynamic perspective in asking whether graduates from prestigious and less prestigious universities differ in their career progression across fourteen years since labor market entry. It further investigates whether graduating from prestigious universities pays off more or less for graduates from different educational backgrounds. The positive selection hypothesis suggests that students most likely to attend prestigious universities will benefit the most. The negative selection hypothesis suggests the opposite. Using multilevel growth curve modeling and the 1970 British Cohort Study (N = 939), the findings show no discernible differences in occupational prestige between graduates from diverse universities. If at all, there is a small Russell Group premium restricted to the early working career. This early Russell Group premium is only found among first-generation graduates providing evidence for the negative selection hypothesis.
An Analysis of the Perceptions of Regulatory Authorities about the Causes of Non-Performing Loans
Authors: Bhattarai Seema
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the causes of non-performing loans (NPAs) from regulators’ perspective and ways to minimise it. The primary data through two interviews from two regulators are taken as a method of data collection. The major findings of the study are that pressure to remain profitable by banks, personal problems; lack of best banking practice, professionalism, earthquake, conflict period, economic cycle may be the reasons behind high non-performing loan in Nepal. Regulators perceived that prudent credit assessment and decision; counselling of customer problem and development of prudent credit culture may help to reduce non-performing loans in Nepal.
Perancangan Sistem Manajemen Validasi Document Security Menggunakan QR Code Berbasis Website
Authors: Nugroho Yoshua Kenny , Pakereng Magdalena Ariance Ineke
Published: February 2021

Saat ini, pengelolaan dokumen merupakan hal penting yang menentukan kelangsungan sebuah organisasi. Pengarsipan dokumen yang tidak dikelola dengan baik dapat menimbulkan banyak masalah. Selain itu, pembuktian keaslian dokumen merupakan hal yang tidak kalah penting. Pada tahun 2019, tercatat banyaknya kasus pemalsuan dokumen di Indonesia maupun di luar negeri. Sistem Manajemen Validasi Document Security ini dibangun menggunakan framework Laravel dan Bootstrap untuk tampilan web, MySQL untuk database, dan QR Code untuk validasi dokumen. Selain dapat mengelola dan validasi dokumen, sistem ini dilengkapi dengan web service yang dapat diintegrasikan dengan aplikasi lainnya. Dari pembuatan sistem ini diharapkan supaya proses pengelolaan dokumen menjadi lebih baik dan juga pemalsuan dokumen dapat diminimalisir.
The changes of adaptability and productivity of the winter bread wheat varieties in arid conditions according to the stages of variety changing
Authors: Ionova Е. V. , Likhovidova V. А. , Gaze V. L.
Published: February 2021

The current paper has presented the study results on the change of adaptability to water and temperature stresses and the value of productivity according to the stages of variety changing. There have been selected 13 winter bread wheat varieties developed in the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. It was found that the varieties of the first stages of the variety changing (I–IV stage, 1950–1989) practically did not differ in the degree of drought tolerance and the value of productivity of winter bread wheat. In this regard, there was carried out an analysis of changes in the adaptability of winter wheat varieties starting from the V stage of the variety changing. The degree of drought tolerance increased from the weakly-medium drought-resistant varieties (37.4–51%) belonging to the V stage of the variety changing to highly drought-resistant samples (80.4–93.3%) belonging to the VII stage of the variety changing. There was a significant productivity increase of the winter bread wheat varieties zoned from 2010 to 2019 (the VII stage of the variety changing). The largest number of stomata per unit of leaf area in the V stage of the variety changing was identified in the variety ‘Don 95’ (12.2 pcs/mm2). In the VI stage of the variety changing, the largest value of this indicator was identified in the variety ‘Don 105’ (18.8 pcs/mm2), and in the variety ‘Krasa Dona’ (26.9 pcs/mm2) in the VII stage of the variety changing. The dry weight of roots of the varieties of the V stage of the variety changing varied from 1.18 (the variety ‘Donshchina’) to 1.41 g (the variety ‘Don 95’), while in varieties of the VI stage this indicator varied from 1.97 (the variety ‘Donskoy Mayak’) to 2.29 g (the variety ‘Don 105’), and the largest dry weight of roots was identified at the VII stage of the variety changing and ranged from 2.34 (the variety ‘Don 107’) to 2.79 (the variety ‘Asket’). The same regularity was established for the change in the amount of roots according to the stages of variety changing.
The bioenergetic estimation of the use of plant growth regulators for millet sowings in the Donbass
Authors: Sadovoy А. S. , Baranovsky А. V.
Published: February 2021

The main purpose of using plant growth regulators is to improve the resistance and adaptation of grain crops to unfavorable environmental factors, which ultimately result in an increase of productivity and product quality. Therefore, the energetic estimation of the efficiency of their utilization is of practical importance. The purpose of the research was to study the bioenergetic efficiency of the use of plant growth regulators and micronutrient fertilizers separately and in combination with mineral fertilizers on millet. The study was conducted on ordinary blackearth (chernozem) in the central part of the Lugansk region on the basis of the experimental plot of the Lugansk National Agricultural University in 2016–2018. In the field trials there was used the millet variety ‘Mironovskoye 51’. The trial included three nutritional backgrounds, such as without fertilizers; with N30P30K30 and N60P60K60; treating seeds and plants during the vegetation period with plant growth regulators ‘Kelpak’, ‘RK’, ‘Black Jack’, ‘Niva Lyuks’ and ‘Siliplant’. The trials, records and observations, and the study of bioenergetic efficiency of plant growth regulators were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods. There was found that the use of mineral fertilizers with N30P30K30 and N60P60K60 significantly (by 17.4–32.1%) raised the total energy consumption by millet in comparison with unfertilized sowings. The use of the studied fertilizers increased the energy yield by 15.3–29.8% and allowed obtaining 24.8–26.6 hwt/ha of grain on average. There has been established that the largest energy yield (46.5 GJ/ha) and productivity (25.6–29.0 hwt/ha) of millet were provided by the utilization of the product ‘Siliplant’. The smallest indicator of energy output (41.3 GJ/ha) and productivity (24.4 hwt/ha) was identified when using the products ‘Kelpak’, ‘RK’ and ‘Niva Lyuks’. There have been established the such effective variants of the trial as the use of the products ‘Black Jack’, ‘Niva Lyuks’ and ‘Siliplant’ on an unfertilized background with the largest coefficient of energetic efficiency (4.0–4.3 units).
Improving of spring wheat grain quality when using the water-soluble fertilizer “Akvarin 5”
Authors: Bakhvalova S. А. , Piskunova Kh. A. , Fedorova А. V.
Published: February 2021

The study of the effect of the chelate complex “Akvarin 5” on grain productivity and quality was conducted on sodpodzolic soil in 2017-2019. The objects of the study were the spring wheat varieties ‘Daria’ (a standard), ‘Sudarynya’, ‘Ladya’, ‘Kamenka’. The purpose of the study was to determine the efficiency of the water-soluble mineral fertilizer with a complex of microelements “Akvarin 5”, produced by the local industry, on grain productivity and quality of various spring wheat varieties. The highest grain productivity was obtained with the use of mineral fertilizers in combination with additional fertilizing of 3 kg/ha of “Akvarin 5”. The productivity increase was 0.53–0.64 t/ha with 0.19–0.24 t/ha of НСР0.5 in comparison with the control. Spring wheat additional fertilizing with water-soluble fertilizer in its pure form increased protein in grain on 0.27–0.94% in comparison with the control, and when fertilizing “Akvarin 5” according to the N26P38K38 background, this indicator increased to 9.69–11.09%. When treating sowings with 1.5 and 3.0 kg/ha of “Akvarin 5” in its pure form, gluten content in grain increased to 18.71–20.30% in all varieties (in the control it was 17.71–18.91%). Treating of growing plants with “Akvarin 5” against the background of mineral fertilizers promoted the varieties to form grain with 19.89–21.26% of gluten. When treating spring wheat sowings with the water-soluble complex “Akvarin 5”, the cost of grain reduced by 14.4–17.5%, profitability raised on 17.7–22.6 in comparison with the control.
The estimation of the insect fungicidal disinfectant ‘Selest Top’ effect on rice plants
Authors: Cherepanova Т. А. , Bezmutko S. V. , Lelyavskaya V. N.
Published: February 2021

The current paper has presented the study results (2016–2017) of the products ‘Selest Top’, ‘KS’ (the active ingredients are thiomethoxam (262.5 g/l), difenoconazole (25 g/l) and fludioxonil (25 g/l)) for pre-sowing treatment of rice seeds. The purpose of the work was to estimate the effect of the disinfectant ‘Selest Top’ on the sprouting energy, germination, the processes of initial growth and development of rice plants, to find out the biological efficiency of the product against root rot. There has been carried out a number of laboratory trials to study the effect of the product on sprouting, germination energy of seeds. When conducting a vegetation trial, there was estimated efficiency of the disinfectant against root rot. The test results were compared with the effect of the product ‘Vintsit’ (25 g/l of thiabendazole and 25 g/l of flutriafol). The disinfectant ‘Selest Top’ was used at a rate of 1.0 l/t, 1.5 l/t and 2.0 l/t. It was established that the studied products had no negative effect on sprouting energy and germination of rice seeds. The disinfectant had a positive effect on the length of the rice sprouts and also has a stimulating effect on the plant root system. It was identified that the length of roots increased on 2.2–3.0 cm (7 days) and 1.0–3.8 cm (14 days). There was established that the product had a high biological efficiency against root rot at all stages of rice development. The maximum indicators were obtained at a rate of 1.5 l/t with 57.3% (complete sprouts), 57.2% (panicle formation) and 37.2% (milky-wax ripeness). Under the agroclimatic conditions of Primorsky Krai, the pre-sowing seed treatment with the product ‘Selest Top’ is justified due to the high biological efficiency and increased plant resistance to root rot pathogens.
Fault Isolation of Metal-Insulator-Metal (MiM) Capacitor Failures by Lock-in Thermography (LIT)
Authors: Lin Ke-Ying , Lue Pei-Fen , Liu Jayce , Ang Paul Kenneth
Published: February 2021

The paper demonstrates accurate fault isolation information of metal-insulator-metal (MiM) capacitor failures by lock-in thermograph (LIT). In this study, a phase image spot location at a lock-in frequency larger than 5 Hz gives more accurate defect localization than an LIT amplitude image or OBIRCH to determine the next FA steps.
An Overview of 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Algorithms for PCB Inspection
Authors: Roberts Alexandra , True John , Jessurun Nathan T. , Asadizanjani Dr. Navid
Published: February 2021

Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) play a critical role in everyday electronic systems, therefore the quality and assurance of the functionality for these systems is a topic of great interest to the government and industry. PCB manufacturing has been largely outsourced to cut manufacturing costs in comparison with the designing and testing of PCBs which still retains a large presence domestically. This offshoring of manufacturing has created a surge in the supply chain vulnerability for potential adversaries to garner access and attack a device via a malicious modification. Current hardware assurance and verification methods are based on electrical and optical tests. These tests are limited in the detection of malicious hardware modifications, otherwise known as Hardware Trojans. For PCB manufacturing there has been an increase in the use of automated X-ray inspection. These inspections can validate a PCB’s functionality during production. Such inspections mitigate process errors in real time but are unable to perform highresolution characterization on multi-layer fully assembled PCBs. In this paper, several X-ray reconstruction methods, ranging from proprietary to open-source, are compared. The high-fidelity, commercial NRecon software for SkyScan 2211 Multi-scale X-ray micro-Tomography system is compared to various methods from the ASTRA Toolbox. The latter is an open-source, transparent approach to reconstruction via analytical and iterative methods. The toolbox is based on C++ and MEX file functions with MATLAB and Python wrappers for analysis of PCB samples. In addition, the differences in required imaging parameters and the resultant artifacts generated by planar PCBs are compared to the imaging of cylindrical biological samples. Finally, recommendations are made for improving the ASTRA Toolbox reconstruction results and guidance is given on the appropriate scenarios for each algorithm in the context of hardware assurance for PCBs.
In-SEM Fault Isolation Using Voltage Contrast, EBIC/EBAC and Resistive Contrast Imaging
Authors: Sarnecki Lori L. , Daigneault Caleb
Published: February 2021

With the ever shrinking semiconductor device features coupled with the increasing circuit density, optical level fault localization techniques such as Photon Emission Microscopy (PEM), Laser Signal Injection Microscopy (LSIM) and Thermal Hotspot Localization (THS) can only get you so far due to these limitations: magnification, spot size and drop in detection sensitive at higher magnification. Using a 100x objective can put you in the ball park. Test data such as ATE & ATPG can point you to a specific block of circuitry but still far from defect localization. With in-SEM fault isolation and localization techniques such as Voltage Contrast (VC), Electron Beam Induced/Absorb Current (EBIC/EBAC) and Resistive Contrast Imaging (RCI), the nano-scale defect can be further localized due to the advantage of the magnification and spot size. This paper offers the combined techniques of optical level fault localization (PEM, LSIM & THS) and in- SEM or E-beam techniques (VC, EBAC, RCI) to successfully perform fault localization when challenged with the above scenarios.
Failure Case Studies of GaAs-Based Oxide-Confined VCSELs
Authors: Ho Kuang-Tse , Chan Ching-Hsiang
Published: February 2021

This research summarizes a variety of physical failure modes of GaAs-based oxide-confined VCSELs and their root causes. Standard failure analysis procedure, which includes defect fault isolation by PEM or IR-OBIRCH and physical inspection by TEM analysis are also presented in detail.