bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethics of Storytelling: The Wounds of Deception and Pseudo-PTSD in Atonement
Authors: Turki Harith Ismael , Ashmawy Merve Feryal
Published: February 2025

Atonement is one of the most controversial novels due to the complexity of its narratives and characters, particularly its main heroine, Briony. Therefore, this article deals with pseudo-PTSD in Ian McEwan’s Atonement (2001), examining how trauma is delineated, built, and manipulated within the metafictional framework of the novel. While classical PTSD is depicted through forced memories of traumatic events, McEwan’s protagonist, Briony Tallis, engineers a narrative of guilt and redemption that parodies trauma without an reliable, firsthand experience of it. This study interrogates Briony’s psychological state, arguing that her self-imposed suffering functions as a simulacrum of PTSD—what can be termed pseudo-PTSD—a term coined by Rosen & Tylor, 2007. Drawing their perspective, the article examines Briony’s retrospective storytelling as both a coping mechanism and an act of self-mythologization, highlighting the ethical and epistemological implications of narrating trauma. Ultimately, Atonement challenges the reliability of memory and the legitimacy of self-inflicted psychological wounds, raising critical questions about authorship, responsibility, and the commodification of suffering in fiction.
Narrative intricacy in Robert Southey's storyworld: Locutor voice and Monitority in “The Battle of Blenheim”
Authors: Kaya Soner
Published: February 2025

This study explores the narrative intricacy of Robert Southey’s “The Battle of Blenheim” by examining the use of monitority and locutor voice. Using these techniques, the paper analyses how the poet represents the ‘restricted perspective of the locutor’ rather than a distanced straightforward historical narrative of the experience of battle, providing an intrinsic and particularised perspective on war and prompting reflection on it. Southey’s strategy of monitority thus carries an evaluative dimension, revealing the experienced and characterised aspects of war and deviating from external generalizations of war. However, the locutor voice, which captures the focalized perspective, tone, and discourse, articulates the characters' emotional states. The interplay of monitority and locutor voice creates an intricate narrative of the war, highlighting its brutality and the anguish and the emotional burden it inflicts. The portrayal of war’s catastrophic nature counters the traditional glorification of war as a victory, while the protracted emotional engagement indicates psychological effects on individuals. As such, Southey’s poem turns out to be an acute narrative of war, driven by a crafty interaction of monitoring and locutor voice, examines the war with polyvocal shades of fancy, joy, suffering and eventual loss, which engages the readers with critical distance as well as empathy and sympathy with those affected by its utter consequences.
A Cognitive Linguistic Study on Arabic Female BA Students’ Perceptions of Their Teachers in an English Department
Authors: Al-Bahrani Rana H.
Published: February 2025

The contemporary age has witnessed many challenges regarding the common qualities of the best teacher. Thus, the present paper is qualitative, explorative, and experimental in nature; it is limited to the domain of teachers only. Langacker’s model of Domain Analysis (1987) and Endicott and Lee’s presentation of survival dimensions have been adopted and adapted to meet the first objective. Secondly, an open-ended questionnaire has been submitted to (200) participants to examine their knowledge of these qualities. The study concluded that all qualities can be grouped into three matrix domains: CONTENT, DESIGN, and DELIVERY, which are the same dimensions of presentation survival. Under the CONTENT domain come the following sub-domains: knowledge, interest, mastery, updated information, etc.; under the DESIGN domain come these sub-domains: clearly setting goals, well and advanced preparation, using teaching aids/effects, etc.; whereas under the DELIVERY domain come the sub-domains of: verbal ability, class management, ethical aspects, etc. Speaking of the second objective, it has been found that the CONTENT and DELIVERY ranked the top from the participants’ perspectives. However, the sub-domains of these matrix domains have varied.
Transcreation of Advertisements as Narratives
Authors: Aksoy Rabia
Published: February 2025

Transcreation covers emerging strategies, concepts and procedures in translation. It brings together linguistic transfer, cultural appropriation and creative invention. Recent trends in the advertisement sector indicate that translation is blended with creativity and narrativization. Hence, transculturation emerges as a critical component of the advertisement sector, and the cultural items of the source language and culture (SL, SC) are recreated in the target language (TL, TC). The crucial aspects of transcreation combine the subtleties of SL and add creativity to TL and TC. This article examines transcultural strategies and the integration of visual narratives in Turkish advertisements. A phenomenographic approach was used in this study to identify the transcreations from English advertisements into Turkish. In analysing advertisement narratives, Hans Vermeer’s “skopos theory” was used, reconsidering the concept of “domestication” from a commercial perspective. This short article shows how advertisement narratives are reproduced in TC and how transcreation strategies and illustrations are used for recontextualisation. The present illustrations can contribute to a better understanding of future transcreational attempts for cutting-edge researchers.
Patriarchal Hegemony and Women Resistance: A Foucauldian Reading of Hoshang Waziri s The Takeover (2003)
Authors: Hami Iman , Midhin Majeed Mohammed , Obeid Ahmed Hameed
Published: February 2025

The archetypal image of patriarchy is a common theme in literary studies. It goes back to social, legal, political, and economic organization of various cultures. Domination of men over women is found even in the ancient civilizations all over the world. However, what is interesting about patriarchy is when the dominance of men over women is achieved by the dead. Waziri’s The Takeover depicts the legacy of patriarchy and its consequences on the female society. The social microcosm of the play is a house with three residents. The house for them is the symbol of traditional values that they were brought up with and got used to. The fourth female character, the Friend, is the only character from outside this house who has different perspectives and wants to bring some changes to the place while the three residents disagree with her despite being unhappy with the current situation. The juxtaposition of tradition versus modernity and the transition is reflected even in the structure of the play as it is written in three scenes. The present paper is an attempt to shed light on the hegemonic power of the dead over the three female characters in the light of Foucauldian theory of power. His influence is clearly manifested in the behaviors of three women: the Old Woman, the Crazy Woman and the Maid.
Liminal Margins and the Appropriation of the Inherited Codes and Imposed Patterns in Abdulrazak Gurnah s The Last Gift
Authors: Güven Fikret
Published: February 2025

The study explores the immigrant’s identity crisis in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s The Last Gift from the lens of hybridity and liminality. It analyses how the host society determines identity formation and the tension they experience between their cultural heritage and the prevailing norms of the host culture. As described by Turner, liminality accounts for the transitions that Gurnah’s characters experience while shaping their identities. Their adaptation to Western traditions impacts their cultural identities, making Bhabha’s ideas of hybridity and mimicry particularly relevant. The characters’ struggles to assimilate illustrate their liminality as they struggle with preserving their authentic culture. Second-generation immigrants also confront the challenges of balancing assimilation with a desire to reconnect with their roots. The characters embody hybrid identities, navigating their differences while keeping inherited codes and imposed acts that indicate the elements of liminality and hybridity at a time. By the end of the novel, both characters exhibit enriched hybrid identities, demonstrating the crucial role of liminality and hybridity in their identity formation throughout the novel.
Early Childhood Education in Punjab, Pakistan: Navigating Challenges and Exploring Solutions – A Narrative Review
Authors: Muhammad Rashid  , Mariam Fatima  , Mansoor Azmat  , Tariq Mahmood
Published: February 2025

Early Childhood Education (ECE) is extensively recognized by governments worldwide for its significant positive impact on social, educational, and economic outcomes. However, in Pakistan, the provision of ECE is limited, and the system remains underdeveloped. This appraisal highlights the importance of ECE, its current status in Punjab, Pakistan which discusses the current access of all children to primary education, addressing their rights and developmental needs regardless of disabilities, gender, or socioeconomic status mainly in context of Inclusive ECE. Based on the socio-economic factors the challenges facing ECE in Punjab includes cost, gender, and access which are worsened by the infrastructural development, trainer of teachers and inadequate allocation of budgets. To overcome socio-economic status while implementing ECE programs in Punjab, more viability of policies should be made, funding should be provided, trained teachers should be encouraged, and proper parental participation should be stimulated. Filling these gaps will guarantee sustainable and economic returns. This study includes an in-depth analysis of the enrollment figures and teaching staff their issues and lack of awareness across different education sectors, benefits of early childhood education for children. It also provides insights about the potential challenges and possible solutions for eradicating the issues related to ECE and explore the role of government and non-government organization that contributed in the betterment of ECE. This review is aimed to improve the current understanding of the existing challenges, opportunities, and gaps in the provision of ECE in Pakistan, while highlighting potential strategies for enhancing access, quality, and inclusivity in the sector.
The Positive Language Teaching Approach: Integrating Positive Psychology into Language Education
Authors: Shehriyar Younas  , Simab Gul  , Ansar Raza Khan  , Baseer Ahmad
Published: February 2025

This paper aims to introduce the Positive Language Teaching Approach (PLT hereafter), an innovative approach combining positive psychology principles with language learning and teaching to enhance linguistic competence and emotional resilience. The approach is introduced through its theoretical foundations in the PERMA model, emphasizing its potential to foster meaningful, engaging, and collaborative learning experiences. After synthesizing previous research, the components, principles, and limitations of PLT are discussed. Critiques of PLT highlight challenges such as cultural adaptability, resource demands, and limited alignment with standardized testing and traditional evaluation systems. The paper recommends further research to develop standardized tools, conduct longitudinal studies, and examine the scalability of the approach across diverse educational contexts.
Risk Factor Analysis on Contingency Costs of Phase I Wastewater Network Project in Bogor City
Authors: Triatmojo Doni , Pratiwi Adi Henny , Poedjiastoeti Hermin
Published: February 2025

Contingency cost estimation is essential for construction project management to anticipate cost uncertainty due to various risks. This study analyzes risk-based contingency cost estimation in the Bogor City Phase I wastewater network system project. The background of this research is based on the need for accurate cost planning to avoid budget overruns and ensure project sustainability. The study aims to identify risk factors that affect contingency costs, group risks based on their degree of influence, and build a more accurate estimation model using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. This study uses a mixed method, namely qualitative analysis through interviews and literature studies to identify risk factors and a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to project stakeholders. The data was analyzed using SPSS 25 and SmartPLS software to test the validity and reliability of the contingency cost estimation model. The study results show that the most significant risk in the pre-construction stage is licensing and design, while in the construction stage is procuring equipment/materials and force majeure factors. The highest contingency cost estimate is in the preconstruction stage, with a value of 11.02%. The study's conclusion confirms that risk mitigation in the early stages of the project is essential to reduce the impact of budget uncertainty. The implications of this study contribute to the management of construction projects by providing a more accurate risk-based contingency cost estimation model that can be used as a reference for stakeholders in planning and managing infrastructure projects.
Faktor Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Auditor Switching pada Perusahaan Manufaktur (Sektor Makanan dan Minuman) yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2020-2023
Authors: Virenque Nicole , Katharina Ninta , Miechaels Siringo-Ringo Eko Deswin
Published: February 2025

Auditor Switching merujuk pada perubahan Kantor Akuntan Publik yang dilaksanakan suatu perusahaan, bisa terwujud baik sebab regulasi pemerintah maupun karena keputusan internal perusahaan itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengidentifikasi serta memahami aspek-aspek tersebut secara lebih mendalam guna memberikan wawasan yang lebih jelas tentang dinamika auditor switching. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan yakni kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif serta deduktif. Data yang dipakai dalam studi ini yaitu data sekunder yang dihimpun dari laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan sektor industri ekonomi yang ada di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada rentang waktu 2020 hingga 2023. Populasi studi ini ialah perusahaan manufaktur sektor makanan serta minuman serta ada di BEI selama tahun 2020 hingga 2023. Penelitian ini berpusat pada 24 perusahaan yang terpilih memanfaatkan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini memaparkan bahwa variabel opini audit tidak memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap terjadinya auditor switching. Selain itu, variabel perubahan manajemen juga tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang bermakna pada auditor switching. Variabel financial distress, yang biasanya dianggap sebagai faktor pemicu pergantian auditor, memang terbukti berdampak positif pada auditor switching. Begitu pula dengan ukuran Kantor Akuntan Publik, yang menunjukkan pengaruh bermakna pada keputusan perusahaan guna melaksanakan auditor switching. Implikasi penelitian ini memberikan wawasan bagi perusahaan dalam mempertimbangkan aspek-aspek yang relevan sebelum melakukan auditor switching. Selain itu, regulator dapat menggunakan temuan ini untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan rotasi auditor guna meningkatkan transparansi dan kualitas audit di Indonesia.
Protection of Working Time, Rest Time and Welfare for Remote Working Workers in Online Travel Agent Companies
Authors: Saputra Eka , Al Ghifari Muhammad Ikhwan , Nisa Humairoh Tazkiyatun
Published: February 2025

The remote working system is a new system choice in the industrial world, the presence of startups or startups is an option used to support productivity during Covid-19 which limits human space to work. Some business fields can implement a remote working system, one of which is an online travel agent company, the selection of this type of business according to research based on research is activities that almost all of its activities can implement a remote working system, researchers conducted research at PT Global Tiket Network by discussing 2 (two) issues, namely the protection of workers in terms of working time rest time and protection of the welfare of workers who apply the remote working system. This research was conducted using a qualitative research method with primary data collection by direct interview to the company. The regulation of the remote working system at PT Global Tiket Network is better regulated than the provisions in the laws and regulations and Company Regulations by implementing a remote working system, namely with 3 (three) working days in the office and 2 (two) working days outside the office and related to welfare, workers at PT Global Tiket Network are satisfied with the wages and welfare facilities received and this has been included in company regulations so that this guarantees workers to work optimally or productively and safely.
Business Sustainability of Food and Beverage Companies in The Asean Capital Market: The Role of Risk Management to Enhance Financial Resilience
Authors: Makhnun Intan Jauharul , Yuhertiana Indrawati , Sundari Siti
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of sustainability reports on financial resilience in food and beverage companies in capital market of ASEAN countries and analyze the role of Enterprise Risk Management in modifying effect of the relationship. The index used as a sustainability report guideline in this study is based on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) 2021. Meanwhile, the index used to measure Enterprise Risk Management is using COSO - ERM. The population of this study are food and beverage industry companies listed on the stock exchange of each ASEAN country in 2022-2023. Companies that become samples are selected using purposive sampling method with certain criteria. The type of data used is secondary data. The results showed that sustainability reports had no effect on Economic Value Added, and Enterprise Risk Management had no role in moderating effect of sustainability reports on Economic Value Added. Although ERM is designed to reduce risk and increase stability, this study suggests that ERM may not be sufficiently integrated with sustainability initiatives to influence financial resilience as measured by EVA. Sustainability initiatives reported in the SR are more oriented towards long-term impacts related to environmental, social, and governance (ESG). Due to this difference in focus, ERM is often not directly involved in managing or measuring the effectiveness of sustainability initiatives, leading to a lack of synergy between two approaches. The implications of this study can help companies to pay more attention to sustainability practices and strengthen risk management to improve financial resilience.
Creando espacios educativos saludables: Diseño salutogénico y calidad del aire en un contexto inclusivo.
Authors: Rivadeneira Apolo Priscila Alexandra , Sandoval Baquerizo Bolívar Omar , Alay Rodríguez Diana Carolina , Beltrán Sánchez Heidy Estefanía
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo académico aborda la importancia de crear espacios educativos saludables mediante un diseño salutogénico en un contexto inclusivo, presentado mediante un estudio de caso en una unidad educativa de la ciudad de Guayaquil. El objetivo es explorar la percepción de los educandos con capacidades diferentes sobre su entorno educativo y analizar las necesidades reales para garantizar un ambiente de aprendizaje accesible y funcional. La investigación hace énfasis en las deficiencias respecto a normativas de accesibilidad que limitan la autonomía de los estudiantes y afectan negativamente su bienestar mental y físico. Factores como la contaminación del aire y barreras arquitectónicas impactan en el aprendizaje y desarrollo de los estudiantes.
Se aplicaron encuestas a estudiantes de la Unidad educativa “Anne Sullivan” para lograr identificar sus percepciones sobre las condiciones actuales del espacio educativo. Los resultados revelan la necesidad urgente de replantear el diseño de dichos espacios educativos, subrayando que la accesibilidad debe ser un eje central en las políticas educativas inclusivas. Este artículo concluye que transformar los entornos educativos en lugares verdaderamente salutogénicos es fundamental para impulsar el desarrollo pleno del potencial de cada educando, construyendo una sociedad más equitativa y justa. El diseño interior con enfoque salutogénico no solo mejora la accesibilidad física, sino que también atiende acertadamente las necesidades psicológicas y emocionales, favoreciendo una experiencia educativa integral y equilibrada.
Análisis del proceso de admisión de personas en la cooperativa de ahorro y crédito Pedro Moncayo Ltda.
Authors: Cando Morales Laura Lucía , Pérez Robles Diana Verónica , Vargas Montealegre Alba Ruth , Reigosa Lara Alejandro
Published: February 2025

Esta investigación busca analizar el proceso de admisión de personas en la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Pedro Moncayo Ltda. La metodología consistió en un estudio mixto, de alcance descriptivo. El estudio incluye 90 aplicaciones directas a trabajadores y una entrevista a profundidad realizada al encargado del talento humano. El diagnóstico arrojó como resultado que el 85.6% de los resultados significaron un nivel medio del proceso de admisión y el 30% no estuvo seguro de que el proceso evalúe adecuadamente las competencias de los trabajadores por tanto el proceso de admisión encontrado es funcional y su eficiencia y efectividad pueden incrementarse mediante la incorporación de tecnologías. Finalmente se presenta una propuesta para el mejoramiento del proceso, así como la validación de expertos la cual es útil para organizaciones que deseen implementar herramientas tecnológicas en el proceso de admisión de personas.
Impact of Technology on Teaching Learning Process in “O” Level Secondary Schools: A Case Study of Selected O’level Secondary Schools in Wakiso, Wakiso District
Authors:   College of Education, Online and Distance Learning, Kampala International University, Uganda, Martin Nsereko , Living Ounyesiga ,   College of Education, Online and Distance Learning, Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the impact of technology on the teaching learning process in O’level secondary schools in Wakiso, Wakiso district. Through a mixed-methods approach, the research examines the ways how schools utilize ICT tools/ equipment, the influence of technology integration on the teaching leaning process, and the way of improving student’s performance in ICT. Data was collected from 222 respondents, including ICT teachers, administrators, lab technicians, and students, with a 90% response rate. The findings reveal that most of the schools in wakiso greatly utilize ICT tools through accessing information via internet. Additionally, technology integration greatly influences the teaching learning process to a large extent. Furthermore, the students’ performance in ICT can be improved by providing more or enough ICT tools /equipment in schools of Wakiso. Intervening factors such as teaching methods, parental involvement, student motivation, peer influence, school management, availability of extracurricular programs, community and environmental factors, access to educational technology, student health and well-being, and government policies also affect the teaching leaning process and student performance. Based on these findings, the study recommends improving school facilities, enhancing teacher qualifications through professional development, and implementing strategies to positively change students’ attitudes towards ICT, Providing enough ICT tools and continuous motivation. Addressing these issues is essential to improve ICT performance and overall educational outcomes in the region. Further research is suggested to explore additional factors and the long-term effects of the proposed interventions.
Influence of Economic Distress on Dropping out of School: A Case Study of Selected Secondary Schools in Nabbingo, Wakiso District, Uganda
Authors:   College of Education, Online and Distance Learning, Kampala International University, Uganda, Joseph Mubiru , Living Ounyesiga ,   College of Education, Online and Distance Learning, Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of economic distress on dropping out of school. a case study of selected secondary schools in Nabbingo Wakiso District-Uganda. The specific objectives of the study were to find out the cause of school dropout, to find out the impact of economic distress on school dropout and establish solutions to the school dropout problem in Nabbingo Wakiso District District, Uganda. The methods used for data collection were interviews for the parents and questionnaires for teachers and students involved in the study The findings were presented and interpreted in relation to the study objectives and research questions, while linking to the existing literature, results included demographic characteristics. Frequency and percentages. Basing on the findings. It was observed that economic distress negatively affected and caused school drop-outs in Nabbingo Wakiso district, developed some of solutions to the problems, effects and causes of drop out. The findings suggested some recommendations on areas of providing free education for all students, bursaries and also dealing with parents who force their children in early marriage.

Keywords: Economic distress; School dropout; Nabbingo Wakiso District; Education solutions; Early marriage prevention
Stepper Motor Controlled by PIC 16F84 Microcontroller
Authors:   Biomedical Engineering, Kampala International University, Uganda., Adie Awafung Emmanuel , Fina Faithpraise ,   Department of Computer Science, University of Calabar,, Ibu Wilson ,   Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering University of Cross River, Calabar, Anyin Paul ,   Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering University of Cross River, Calabar
Published: February 2025

Most times in engineering and other fields, engines need to be transformed from one form to another, in circuits and most components we are familiar with, electrical engines, impulses, digital information, etc need to be changed from one level to another, a motor does this, be it in any kind, pending on the desired function. This literature review examines various research studies that have been done using the PIC 16F84 microcontroller to control stepper motors. The PIC 16F84 is a popular choice for stepper motor control applications due to its simplicity, low cost, and ease of programmability. This review highlights several key control techniques implemented using the PIC 16F84, including full-step mode, half-step mode, closed-loop control with position feedback, and speed control. The peripheral interfacing aspects are also discussed, covering the integration of stepper motor driver circuits, rotary encoders, and user interface components. The firmware development approaches for the PIC 16F84 are explored, demonstrating how researchers have programmed the microcontroller’s digital I/O, timers, and interrupts to precisely control the stepper motor windings and respond to feedback signals. While the PIC 16F84 has proven to be a capable platform for stepper motor control, the review also identifies some limitations, such as the microcontroller’s restricted resources and potential scalability challenges as the complexity of the control system increases. Suggestions for future research include exploring more advanced microcontrollers, integrating the PIC 16F84 with additional hardware, and developing more sophisticated control algorithms to enhance the performance and robustness of the stepper motor control systems.

The CMOS circuit stands as the drive circuit between the PIC IC and the stepper motor which provides precision in advanced control methods of design and production.

Keywords: Stepper motor, Controlled, PIC 116F84, Microcontroller
The Measurements and Impacts of Electromagnetic Field on the Psychological and Physiological Well-Being of Humans
Authors:   Biomedical Engineering, Kampala International University, Uganda., Adie Awafung Emmanuel , Fina O Faithpraise ,   Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Calabar, Nigeria, veronica Iye Awafung ,   Department of Public Health. University of Calabar
Published: February 2025

The increasing ubiquity of electronic devices in daily life has heightened concerns about the potential long-term health risks associated with prolonged exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs). This study investigates the long-term health hazards of EMFs generated by common electronic devices, including mobile phones, laptops, X-ray machines, ECG instruments, power lines, and microwave ovens. Using a longitudinal research methodology, the study monitors changes in EMF levels from these devices over extended periods of use. Advanced measurement techniques, such as frequency-specific EMF analysis and spatial mapping, were employed to accurately quantify emissions at varying distances and under diverse operational conditions. Findings reveal that as electronic devices age, component degradation leads to increased resistance, reduced shielding effectiveness, and altered signal transmission, collectively amplifying EMF emissions. The extent of these increases varies based on device type, usage patterns, and environmental factors. Furthermore, the study examines the health implications of chronic exposure to elevated EMF levels, leveraging epidemiological data and controlled experiments to assess impacts on neurological function, endocrine regulation, and cellular responses. These findings underscore the potential public health risks posed by aging electronic devices and highlight the urgent need for awareness and action. The study advocates for responsible maintenance and replacement of devices, as well as the implementation of EMF mitigation strategies. By providing evidence-based insights, this research aims to inform policymakers, healthcare practitioners, and the general public, contributing to the development of guidelines and standards to safeguard health in an era of rapid technological advancement.

Keywords: Electromagnetic field, effects, humans, well-being, physiological, psychological
Child Labor and Academic Performance of Selected Secondary Schools in Bulambuli District
Authors:   College of Education, Online and Distance Learning, Kampala International University, Uganda, Esau Mungo , Living Ounyesiga ,   College of Education, Open and Distance Learning, Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: February 2025

Amidst poor academic performance in Bulambuli district, the present study investigated the child labor on academic performance of students in Bulambuli district, Uganda using a cross sectional research design to determine characteristic social of respondents involved in academic performance in Bulambuli district, to determine effects of child labor on academic performance of students and pupils of Bulambuli district out how a supportive home environment is related to the academic performance in Bulambuli district. A sample size of 100 respondents was determined from target population using Slovene’s formula, and random sampling was employed to select participants based on experience and position. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires and later analyzed using a Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. The study showed that majority 40(52%) of respondents were in the age bracket of 20-29 years with 32(40%) married compared to their counterparts. Majority 51(64%) were females and 29(36%) males with at least most of them having attained varies levels of education such as certificate, diploma, degree and masters. The study also revealed strong relationship between supportive indiscipline and academic performance in Bulambuli district with majority 30(38%) of respondents strongly agreeing that street life can greatly influence academic performance of learners. The findings also showed that majority of respondents strongly agreed that early marriage can greatly affect academic performance and has a very big influence on the learners. It was also observed that majority 33(41%) of respondents agreed that learners in non-supportive environment struggle a lot in their academic performance by facing challenges of accessing learning equipment’s compared to only 24(30%) and 14(18%) who agreed and strongly disagreed with the findings. The researcher also recommended that learners should be provided with a serene home environment for learners by giving them proper time and educative environment at home. The researcher also recommends that educators should encourage parents and school administrators to teach good morals to their children which is necessary means of academic success.

Keywords: Child labour; Academic performance; Supportive home environment; Early marriage; Bulambuli district
Socioeconomic Determinants of Academic Performance: The Influence of Parental Education, Occupation, and Income on Secondary School Students in Kasese District, Uganda
Authors:   Department of Educational Management and Administration, Kampala International University, Uganda, Nason Biitikoro Masereka , Muhammad Tukur ,   Department of Educational Management and Administration, Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: February 2025

This study determined whether the socioeconomic background of parents leads to significant differences in students’ academic performance in the secondary schools of Kitswamba and Rugendabara-Kikongo town councils, Kasese District. Objectives were to: examine parental education, assess parents’ occupation, and establish how family income level influences academic performance. Social Darwinism and social conflict theories are what guided this study. The study adopted a cross-sectional design on 250 students and 5 head teachers. Data were collected using a questionnaire and an interview guide. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Table 5 suggests that mean scores for those with tertiary education (mean=2.15) were the highest while non-formal education (mean 1.42) had the lowest mean scores. The observed F=3.847 was large with a level of significance (p=0.010, p< 0.05). Therefore, hypothesis to the effect that parental educational level leads to significant differences. The mean scores for those in government civil service (mean=2.14) were highest followed by nongovernmental service (mean=2.13), and commercial and peasant farmers had the same mean (mean=2.11). However, the observed F=0.124 was low with the level of significance (p=0.946, p>0.05). Therefore, the hypothesis to the effect that parental occupation leads to significant differences was rejected. The results for guardians according to income showed that the income of the fathers has a more significant influence than that of the mothers. This is because the F=statistic (F=3.926) for the males was slightly higher (F=3.850) than that of females with a lower p-value (p=0.021) than that of females (p=0.023). Therefore, parental educational level is imperative for students’ academic performance. The study recommends that the government of Uganda and schools should promote the education of parents in the country, promote children’s education by emphasizing occupation of their parents, and promote the income of parents to support the education of children.

Keywords: Socioeconomic Background, Parental Education, Academic Performance, Parental Occupation, Kasese District, Uganda
Review on Air Pollution and Children’s Health
Authors:   Biomedical Engineering, Kampala International University, Uganda., Adie Awafung Emmanuel , Nja Glory Mbe Egom ,   Department of Electrical/Electronics, Faculty of Engineering University of Cross River Calabar., Anyin Paul B ,   Department of Electrical/Electronics, Faculty of Engineering University of Cross River Calabar., Ebiepere Ere Kenneth ,   Department of Public Health, University of Calabar.
Published: February 2025

Air pollution remains a significant global public health concern, with mounting evidence highlighting the detrimental impact on children’s health and development. This review synthesizes the latest research on the relationship between air pollutants and various adverse health outcomes in children. It examines the effects of exposure to common air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ozone (O3), and other key contaminants, on children’s respiratory health, cognitive function, and neurodevelopment. It discusses the heightened vulnerability of children due to their physiological, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors. The review highlights epidemiological studies that have linked air pollution exposure during pregnancy and early childhood to increased incidence of respiratory illnesses, such as asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia. It explores the emerging evidence on the association between air pollutants and impaired cognitive development, decreased academic performance, and the potential contribution to neurodevelopmental disorders This review emphasizes the need for comprehensive, multidisciplinary approaches to address air pollution, including policy interventions, community-based initiatives, and innovative technological solutions. It underscores the importance of protecting children, the most vulnerable population, from the detrimental effects of air pollution through targeted public health strategies and environmental regulations. It provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on the nexus between air pollution and children’s health, serving as a valuable resource for policymakers, public health professionals, and researchers working to mitigate the adverse impacts and promote children’s well-being in the face of this pressing environmental challenge.

Keywords: Review, Air, Pollution, Children, Health
Engineering Challenges in Developing Exoskeletons for Mobility Assistance
Authors:   Faculty of Science and Technology Kampala International University Uganda, Akiro F. Tugonza
Published: February 2025

The development of exoskeletons for mobility assistance holds great promise in enhancing the quality of life for individuals with mobility impairments, including those affected by spinal cord injuries, stroke, and other conditions. Exoskeletons can be categorized into powered and passive systems, each designed to aid mobility, such as walking, standing, or climbing stairs. This paper examines the engineering challenges in the design and implementation of exoskeletons, focusing on key areas such as biomechanics, sensors and actuators, control systems, and power supply efficiency. Critical aspects like real-time sensor data processing, actuator selection, and energy storage solutions are discussed in detail, alongside the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) for adaptive movement control. The article also emphasizes the importance of balancing weight, power efficiency, and energy storage to ensure effective and long-lasting use in daily life. With ongoing technological advancements, these challenges are becoming increasingly addressable, leading to more functional and reliable exoskeleton systems for rehabilitation and daily assistance.

Keywords: Exoskeletons, Mobility Assistance, Rehabilitation, Biomechanics, Sensors, Actuators, Control Systems, Power Supply, Energy Efficiency
The Influence of Socioeconomic Factors on the Use of Medicinal Plants for Diabetes
Authors:   School of Applied Health Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Mwendwa G. Fabiola
Published: February 2025

The use of medicinal plants in managing diabetes is widespread, especially in communities with limited access to conventional healthcare. This study examines the influence of socioeconomic factors, such as income, education, and geographic location, on the use of medicinal plants for diabetes treatment. Through a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and in-depth interviews conducted with individuals from diverse demographic and socioeconomic backgrounds, this study investigates how these factors shape individuals’ health practices and preferences, particularly in rural versus urban settings. The findings suggest that lower-income and less-educated individuals are more likely to rely on medicinal plants due to financial constraints and limited access to healthcare. Furthermore, geographical location, particularly in rural areas, plays a significant role in the continued use of traditional plant-based remedies. The study concludes that while medicinal plants offer a valuable alternative or complementary treatment for diabetes, disparities in healthcare access due to socioeconomic factors need to be addressed to improve diabetes care and management.

Keywords: Socioeconomic factors, medicinal plants, diabetes, income, education, healthcare access, traditional medicine.
Public Awareness and Knowledge of Hypertension in West Africa: Addressing the Gaps in Health Education
Authors:   School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Ntakirutimana G. Kamanzi
Published: February 2025

Hypertension, a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and mortality worldwide, poses an escalating public health challenge in West Africa. Despite its high prevalence, public awareness and knowledge of hypertension remain critically low across the region. Factors such as urbanization, poor dietary habits, physical inactivity, cultural beliefs, limited health literacy, and weak healthcare systems exacerbate the issue. This review explores the epidemiology of hypertension in West Africa, focusing on public awareness levels, misconceptions, and socioeconomic barriers. It also highlights the gaps in current health education strategies, including inadequate community outreach, insufficient use of media, and poorly trained healthcare workers. To address these gaps, the review proposes comprehensive strategies such as community-based education programs, integration of hypertension awareness in schools and workplaces, leveraging mass media and digital platforms, strengthening primary healthcare systems, and fostering public-private partnerships. Case studies from Nigeria and Ghana illustrate successful interventions, while challenges to implementation are examined. The review concludes with recommendations for evidence-based, culturally tailored strategies to enhance hypertension awareness and preventive practices, contributing to the mitigation of this growing public health burden in West Africa.

Keywords: Hypertension awareness, public health education, West Africa, cardiovascular diseases.
Integrating Nutritional Interventions in Malaria and Anemia Management: Strategies for Effective Public Health Initiatives
Authors:   School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Achieng M. Nyambura
Published: February 2025

Malaria and anemia continue to pose significant public health challenges, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where both conditions frequently coexist, amplifying their adverse health outcomes. While malaria management focuses on antimalarial therapies and anemia treatment relies on iron and folic acid supplementation, addressing the role of nutrition in combating these conditions remains underexplored. This review highlights the complex interrelationship between nutrition, malaria, and anemia, emphasizing how nutritional deficiencies exacerbate disease progression and outcomes. It further explores evidence-based nutritional interventions, including micronutrient supplementation, dietary diversification, and community-based programs, that can be integrated into malaria and anemia management strategies. By presenting case studies, identifying policy gaps, and proposing sustainable public health initiatives, this review underscores the potential of nutrition-based interventions to enhance immune function, reduce malaria susceptibility, and alleviate anemia, particularly among vulnerable populations. An integrated approach combining malaria control measures and nutritional interventions is crucial for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to health and hunger, improving overall health outcomes in endemic regions.

Keywords: Malaria, Anemia, Nutritional Interventions, Micronutrient Deficiencies, Public Health Strategies, Sub-Saharan Africa
Understanding Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Responses Needed
Authors:   Faculty of Science and Technology Kampala International University Uganda, Nyakayo A Omutindo .
Published: February 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global public health challenge threatening modern medicine’s foundations. Resistance emerges from the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in human medicine, food production, and environmental contamination. The rising prevalence of drug-resistant pathogens exacerbates healthcare inequalities and strains healthcare systems worldwide. Current global initiatives focus on surveillance, research, and promoting responsible antimicrobial use. However, progress is hindered by economic disincentives, regulatory disparities, and limited access to diagnostics and treatment in low-income regions. Addressing AMR requires a “One Health” approach encompassing coordinated global efforts, equitable healthcare access, and innovative solutions in diagnostics, treatment, and prevention. A unified response from governments, industries, and academia is imperative to mitigate the AMR crisis and safeguard public health and sustainable development.

Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, public health, global initiatives, One Health approach, drug-resistant pathogens.
Pediatric Dentistry Consultations at Seoul Asan Medical Center for the Last 3 Years
Authors: Yang Hyeri , Bak Soyeon , Lee Hyeonheon
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to assess the current status of pediatric dental consultations at Seoul Asan Medical Center and to explore ways to improve pediatric oral health and dental care. From 2021 to 2023, 4947 patients visited this department, among whom 873 (18%, 492 males and 381 females) referred from other departments. At the time of referrals, 44% of the patients were aged 0 ‒ 4 years, with a mean age of 6.2. Out of 1,145 consultations, 716 (63%) occurred during hospitalization and 429 (37%) in outpatient settings. Inpatients received treatment within an average of 3.7 days, whereas outpatients waited an average of 54.6 days. To date, 272 (31%) patients are still attending the pediatric dentistry, and 46 (5%) have died. Approximately 30% of referrals came from the Pediatric Hematology Oncology, 12% from the Neonatology, and 10% from the Medical Genetics Center. The most common reasons for referrals were oral examinations (37%). Dental caries were found in 272 patients (31%), of whom 43% received caries treatments. Out of all treatments, 751 (66%) cases were oral examinations, 128 (11%) were caries treatments, and 35 patients received treatments under general anesthesia. Pediatric dentists must be equipped with the appropriate skills to promote oral health, which is closely linked to the overall health of pediatric patients. Additionally, it is hoped that active collaboration between pediatric dentistry and pediatrics will enhance dental care and treatment for these patients.