bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of practice-centered learning on the development of students' professional identities: Learning outcomes
Authors: Knissarina Malika , Syzdykbayeva Aigul , Agranovich Yelena , Zhumaliyeva Gulmira , Baikulova Aigerim
Published: January 2024

The progress of education in our country is still constrained by the low status of teaching.  The comprehension and growth of university students' stages of professional identity creation are not well researched.  This issue is now recognized on both a theoretical and practical level. This research aimed to examine the effectiveness of providing practice-centered learning in the construction of students' professional identities. The study employed a mixed-data collection strategy. A random sample of respondents was used to generate quantitative data. The study involved 253 learners at "Baishev University," Aktobe, Kazakhstan. According to the study's findings, low levels of development have been found in students' professional identity, motivation and interest in professional self-development. This demonstrated the importance of resource support for educational innovations as well as the development and implementation of technology-based practice-centered learning for future teachers.  As a result of evaluating the implementation of technology-based practice-centered learning and resource support for educational innovations, positive dynamics shaping learners' professional identities are identified. Thus, the study's findings confirmed our hypothesis that using practice-centered learning to foster students' professional identities has a positive impact when systemic and technological approaches are used.
DNA Barcoding of Red Algae (Rhodophyta) in Ternate Island Sea, North Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Achmad Muhammad Janib , Akbar Nebuchadnezzar , Ismail Firdaut , Samman Ardan , Subhan Beginer , E Paembonan Rustam , Arafat Dondy
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Ternate Island is located on the North Maluku Sea. The North Maluku Sea region includes the Wallacea area and the world’s coral triangle. One of the organisms commonly found in this sea is red algae. Study aimed to determine the red algae species by phylogenetic tree analysis based on the rbcL gene as a DNA marker. The preserved red algae tissue samples were extracted with the Geneaid GP100 DNA Extraction Kit Plant. The DNA sample was amplified and then visualized by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. The amplicon products were sequenced and then aligned with the rbcL gene database that was available at the NCBI gene bank. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the UPGMA method. The results showed that red algae were identified into four species: namely Gibsmithia hawaiiensis (98.65%), C_rbcL sample was identical to Amansieae sp. (91.50%), D_rbcL sample was identical to Peyssonnelia sp. (95.54%), and G_rbcL sample was similar to Portieria hornemanniI (96.15%). Based on phylogenetic tree analysis, Gibsmithia hawaiiensis from North Maluku is closely related to species from Raja Ampat, West Papua, Indonesia, followed by the Philippines species. Special findings were found to carry out phylogenetic reconstructions that can answer inter-species kinship. The general finding is that the markers used can be used for phylogenetic construction. Phylogenetic construction of Peyssonnelia sp. in North Maluku is related to species from South Africa. North Maluku's Portieria hornemannii is closely related to a species from Korea.
Highlight Research

This study provides initial information about the DNA barcoding of red algae.
Important for management purposes and determining the status of red algae in the future.
This scientific information also provides an understanding of the relationships among red algae species in the world's oceans.
Global warming has changed the temperature of seawater and affected the population of marine organisms.
Exploring relationships between state and trait anxiety and depression in patients with Parkinson’s disease and controls: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: DeMarco Elisabeth C. , Longhurst Jason , Hinyard Leslie
Published: January 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease comprised of motor and non-motor symptoms, including depression and anxiety. The relationship between depression, anxiety, and motor symptoms is not well understood. Additionally, there are few direct comparisons of anxiety and depression between people with PD (PwP) and those without PD. The present study determined differences in state and trait anxiety between those with and without PD, examined the impact of depression on anxiety in both groups, and explored the relationship between depression, anxiety, and motor symptoms among PwP. Data from 42 PwP and 56 non-PD comparison participants were obtained from a non-randomized, non-treatment longitudinal observational study. Anxiety [State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)], depression (Geriatric Depression Screen), and motor symptoms (Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III) were assessed. There were no statistically significant differences between PwP and non-PD comparisons for anxiety or depression. Depression was associated with elevated STAI scores (P < 0.001) regardless of PD status. Depressed PwP displayed greater motor symptom burden compared to non-depressed PwP (median [IQR]: 25.00 [21.00, 38.50] vs. 20.00 [16.00, 23.00]; P = 0.064). There were statistically significant differences in both state and trait anxiety when participants were grouped by depression and PD status. While anxiety does not appear to be correlated with motor symptoms in people with PD, depression may be associated with greater motor symptom burden. Further study is needed to explore the relationship between depression, anxiety, and motor impairment in PwP.
Association of CDKN2A/B deletions with survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Sarpova M. V. , Tregubova E. V. , Diakonov D. A. , Vaneeva E. V. , Rosin V. A. , Samarina S. V. , Nazarova E. L.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To define the association of CDKN2A/B deletions in the 9p21 locus with survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Materials and methods. The study included 105 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who received firstline therapy with R-CHOP. A deletion of 9p21 was detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization of tumor tissue biopsy samples. Deletions of CDKN2A and CDKN2B were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The overall survival and the progression-free survival were calculated by the Kaplan – Meier method with plotting of survival curves (the log-rank test). The risk of event occurrence was determined by the Cox regression analysis with the calculation of the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The differences between the variables were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.

Results. The deletion of the chromosomal region 9p21 was detected in the biopsy samples in 16.2% of patients. The CDKN2A deletions were detected in 23.8% of patients and CDKN2B loss – in 28.6% of patients. The progressionfree survival was significantly lower in patients with the 9p21 deletion than in those without this aberration: 29.4% vs. 62.5%, respectively (p = 0.012; RR = 2.26; 95% CI = 1.17–4.38). The risk of disease progression at low and low-intermediate values of the International Prognostic Index was 5.9 times higher in patients with the CDKN2B deletion than in patients without this abnormality.

Conclusion. Deletion of the chromosomal region 9p21 is associated with low progression-free survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Loss of CDKN2B is associated with a high risk of disease progression in patients with low and low-intermediate risk according to the International Prognostic Index.
Hydration status in patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure depending on the severity of glucose metabolism disorder
Authors: Tolkacheva V. V. , Diane M. L. , Khutsishvili N. I. , Cabello Montoya F. E. , Nazarov I. S. , Smirnov I. P. , Galochkin S. A. , Kobalava Zh. D.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To study the hydration status according to clinical parameters and laboratory and instrumental research findings at admission and discharge in patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), depending on the severity of glucose metabolism disorder.

Materials and methods. The study included 280 patients (53% men, average age 70.1 ± 10.8 years) with ADHF. 72.5% of patients had arterial hypertension in the medical history, 60% of patients had coronary artery disease. In all patients, the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was determined to assess the glucose metabolism status. The patients were divided into groups depending on the results obtained: at HbA1c values < 5.7%, patients were included in the group without glucose metabolism disorders, at HbA1c of 5.7–6.4% – in the prediabetes group, at HbA1c ≥ 6.5% – in the type 2 diabetes group. The patients underwent a standard physical examination at admission and at discharge, as well as a clinical and comprehensive assessment of congestion (determination of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), lung ultrasound, liver Fibroscan testing, including calculation of a controlled attenuation parameter, bioimpedance analysis of the body).

Results. The frequency of glucose metabolism disorders in patients hospitalized with ADHF was 57.5% (n = 161), while prediabetes was detected in 17.1% of patients (n = 48) and type 2 diabetes – in 40.4% (n = 113) of cases. Congestion at admission was detected in all patients. A significantly higher frequency of residual (61%) and a lower frequency of subclinical congestion (10%) were revealed in patients with ADHF and type 2 diabetes, compared to patients without glucose metabolism disorders (39% for residual congestion, 27% for subclinical congestion) and prediabetes (40% for residual congestion, 25% for subclinical congestion), respectively. There were no significant differences in the frequency of euvolemia at discharge, depending on the glucose metabolism disorder.

Conclusion. Тo assess congestion phenomena at discharge, it is necessary to use clinical, laboratory, and instrumental assessments for patients with ADHF and glucose metabolism disorders. However, in patients with ADHF and prediabetes, it is preferable to focus on the laboratory and instrumental assessment of congestion, while in patients with ADHF and type 2 diabetes, both clinical and laboratory and instrumental assessment of congestion should be performed.
The experimental study of dexamethasone effectiveness in a model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats
Authors: Voloshin N. I. , Pugach V. A. , Salukhov V. V. , Tyunin M. A. , Minakov A. A. , Ilyinskiy N. S. , Levchuk E. V.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone at various doses in an experimental model of direct acute lung injury (ALI).

Materials and methods. The study was performed on 80 white outbred male rats, in which ALI was modeled by intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide. The animals were divided into 4 groups: the control group and three experimental groups (groups 1–3), where the animals were intraperitoneally administered dexamethasone at doses of 0.52, 1.71, and 8.00 mg / kg / day, respectively, for 3 days. A complete blood count, blood biochemistry test, and hemostatic tests were performed to assess the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone on day 3 of the experiment The severity of pulmonary edema was assessed by changes in the lung weight coefficient and the wet / dry weight ratio.

Results. The use of dexamethasone in the ALI model increased the survival of rats in groups 1 and 2 by 35% (p < 0.05), and in group 3 only by 20% compared with control animals. The rat lung weight coefficient and the wet / dry weight ratio when using dexamethasone at all doses studied were equally reduced by an average of 28% (p < 0.05) and 17% (p < 0.05), respectively (p < 0.05). The severity of side effects of dexamethasone (hyperglycemia, hyperproteinemia, hyperkalemia, hypercoagulability, increased activity of creatine phosphokinase in the blood) was dose-dependent and was maximum in group 3 (dexamethasone dose 8.00 mg / kg / day).

Conclusion. The effectiveness of both low (0.52 mg / kg / day) and high (8.00 mg / kg / day) doses of dexamethasone in an experimental model of ALI in rats is characterized by the same anti-edematous effect. Based on the results of the blood tests and the analysis of rat survival, the use of dexamethasone at the lowest dose (0.52 mg / kg / day) should be considered the safest.
Clinicopathological features of colon cancer depending on the dMMR status of the tumor
Authors: Naumov S. S. , Krakhmal N. V. , Tarasov M. N. , Taranenko M. I. , Udut E. V. , Kolobovnikova Yu. V. , Vtorushin S. V.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To conduct a clinical and morphological assessment of the characteristics of colon cancer depending on the dMMR / pMMR status of the tumor.

Materials and methods. A retrospective study included 66 patients with operable colorectal cancer (CRC) (T1-4bN0-2bM1), who were treated at Cancer Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC). The average age of the patients was 64.4 ± 12.8 years. All patients underwent hemicolectomy or colon resection, as well as intraoperative resection of distant metastases, if present.

Results. We determined that in CRC patients with pMMR tumors, hematogenous metastases were detected in 27.3% of cases, while in patients with dMMR tumors, hematogenous metastases were detected only in 6.1% of cases (p = 0.021). A comparative analysis of dMMR and pMMR tumors also allowed to establish higher frequency of perineural invasion among the pMMR subgroup of carcinomas (p = 0.039). The sign of tumor budding was found both in dMMR carcinomas (36%) and in pMMR tumors (45%). This sign was associated with damage to regional lymph nodes (p = 0.0017). A more detailed analysis of the tumor budding phenomenon showed that in dMMR tumors, Bd1 low-grade budding (83%) predominated. In pMMR tumors, Bd2 intermediate-grade budding (33%) and Bd3 high-grade budding (26.7%) prevailed. Bd2 and Bd3 tumor budding types were associated with hematogenous metastasis (p < 0.001).

Conclusion. The obtained data demonstrate the differences in such pathomorphological parameters as perineural invasion and the degree of tumor budding depending on the dMMR / pMMR status of the tumor. These histologic parameters in tumor tissue are also associated with higher incidence of distant metastasis in patients with pMMR carcinomas as opposed to patients with dMMR tumors.
Student Grade Association Analysis with Apriori Algorithm
Authors: Khoiruzzidan Ilma , Iswari Lizda
Published: January 2024

This study focuses on applying the Apriori algorithm to course grades of 150 students. The research aims to uncover correlations between course grades, providing insights for both the researcher and the institution. Data was directly extracted from the student academic database. The Apriori algorithm was implemented in three scenarios with varying minimum support and confidence thresholds. The final results depict patterns in course grades that tend to co-occur. Among the three scenarios, the combination of Game Development with an A grade, Informatics Fundamentals with an A grade, and Advanced Math with an A grade yielded the highest values, with a support of 26% and confidence of 88.6%.
The Dirac Fermion of a Monopole Pair (MP) Model
Authors: Yuguru Samuel
Published: January 2024

The electron of spin −1/2 is a Dirac fermion of a complex four-component spinor field. Though it is effectively addressed by relativistic quantum field theory, an intuitive form of the fermion still remains lacking and it is often described by the so-called Dirac belt trick. In this novel undertaking, the fermion is examined within the boundary posed by a recently proposed MP model of a hydrogen atom into 4D space-time. Its physicality and transformation to Dirac fermion of four-component spinor is unveiled consistent with Dirac belt trick. The outcomes are compatible with Dirac field theory and other associated features like, space-time dynamics, non-relativistic wave function and Feynman diagram inclusive of symmetry breaking. The model though speculative, it could become important towards defining the fundamental state of matter and its quantum field theory.
Relativity Cosmology
Authors: Choi Jeongin
Published: January 2024

This paper presents the perspective that universe is relative. The universe, which changes according to the traveler’s proper time, is dynamic. While the universe generally expands, it could also contract if traveler accelerates sufficiently. The Hubble parameter merely represents that change. If the Hubble parameter is dependent on the proper time, the measurement can only be uncertain. Identifying the factors that influence the proper time could potentially lead to a more accurate measurement of the universe’s age, and it could also offer insights into the state of the early universe and the causes of the accelerated expansion observed in the current epoch.
Viscoelastic Water-Based Lubricants with Nopal Cactus Mucilage as Green Metalworking Fluids
Authors: Farfan-Cabrera Leonardo Israel , Aguilar-Rosas Oscar Alejandro , Pérez-González José , Marín-Santibáñez Benjamin M. , Rodríguez-González Francisco
Published: January 2024

The recent green manufacturing demands have boosted the development of new biodegradable lubricants to replace petroleum-based lubricants. In this regard, water-based lubricants have been at the forefront of recent research for a wide range of industrial applications, including metalworking fluids (MWFs). In this work, we present an experimental investigation on the performance of novel green MWFs based on aqueous nopal mucilage solutions. For this, fully biodegradable solutions with different mucilage concentrations were evaluated in terms of rheological, tribological, thermal stability and turning (minimum quantity lubrication) performance, and compared to a commercial semisynthetic oil-based MWF (Cimstar 60). Mucilage solutions exhibited viscoelastic shear-thinning behavior, which was enhanced along with mucilage concentration. The solution with the highest mucilage content studied resulted in the lowest wear, friction and temperature in comparison to the other solutions and neat water in extreme pressure four-ball tests, and a similar level of lubricity as compared to the commercial MWF in cutting tests. This performance is associated to the enhanced viscosity and elasticity of the solution, as well as to the contents of lipids with fatty acids in the mucilage. Overall, the present results reveal the relevance of the viscoelastic behavior of the lubricant, elasticity in particular, in lubrication processes, and points to nopal mucilage as an effective green additive to produce innocuous MWFs.
Gene Editing, Indiscriminate Degradation And Recyclic Catalytic Events In Crispr Cas Technology
Authors: Nazir Dr. Taha , A. Mirza Hameed , Radwan Sahar , Taha Nida
Published: January 2024

In "genome editing," a type of genetic engineering, DNA is added, taken away, or changed in an organism's genome. Biomedicine, biotechnology, and synthetic biology, just to name a few, have all gained a lot from how often this method is used. Before the editing process can start, a Double-Strand Breaks (DSB) must be made in the DNA at a specific gene. Researchers have made nucleases, which are sometimes called "molecular scissors," to fix this DSB. Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), and homing endonucleases are all examples of protein targets that have been studied and changed. The last part gave an overview of these study projects and explained how to make Cas12a for specific uses. The applications of Cas12a have been extensively studied in recent years, but the protein still holds a lot of promise as a treatment and screening tool. In order to give a quick review of CRISPR-Cas12a and its uses, we will briefly talk about the structure and function of the different parts of the reaction pathway that lead up to the catalysis of the target DNA. Cas12a uses a multistep process to make sure that it is selecting the right DNA. This is a good trait for a device that changes the DNA because it makes it less likely that something bad will happen. Even though data shows that a new CRISPR RNAs (crRNA) molecule can stop Cas12a from randomly destroying ssDNA, it may still hurt the host cell while trying to change the genome. The action of Cas12a catalysis, which is a powerful tool for changing the genome, needs to be changed so that it can be more easily controlled and managed. Using what we know about how Cas12a works, we have made mutants that are less active on ssDNA and more active on dsDNA. So far, only Cas9 and Cas12a, which are both part of the CRISPR family, have been used to change the genome. Because of how similar and different these two endonucleases are, CRISPR can now be used for multiple scientific purposes. Cas12a is better than Cas9 because it makes double-strand breaks (DSBs) that favor Homology-Directed Repair (HDR) over Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and can change more than one copy of the genome at the same time. Both Cas9 and Cas12a are being changed to make them better at detecting Protospacer Adjacent Motif (PAM) than they are in their natural state. This will make it possible to start focusing on more genes.
High-Performance Machining System: Process Optimization for a Cyber-Physical System – a Review
Authors: Gohari Hossein , Hassan Mahmoud , Shi Bin , Sadek Ahmad , Attia Helmi , M’Saoubi Rachid
Published: January 2024

The fifth Industrial revolution (I5.0) prioritizes resilience and sustainability, integrating cognitive cyber-physical systems and advanced technologies to enhance machining processes. Numerous research studies have been conducted to optimize machining operations by identifying and reducing the sources of uncertainty and estimating the optimal cutting parameters. Virtual modeling and Tool Condition Monitoring (TCM) methodologies have been developed to assess the cutting states during machining processes. With a precise estimation of cutting states, the safety margin necessary to deal with the uncertainties can be reduced, resulting in improved process productivity. This paper reviews the recent advances in high-performance machining systems with a focus on the cyber-physical models developed for the cutting operation of difficult-to-cut materials using cemented carbide tools. An overview of the literature and background on the advances in the offline and online process optimization approaches have been presented. Process optimization objectives such as tool life utilization, dynamic stability, enhanced productivity, improved machined part quality, and reduced energy consumption and carbon emissions are independently investigated for the offline and online optimization methods. Addressing the critical objectives and constraints prevalent in industrial applications, the paper explores the challenges and opportunities inherent in developing a robust cyber-physical optimization system
Hydrodesulfurization of Thiophene in N-heptane Stream Using CoMo/SBA-15 and CoMo/AlSBA-15 Mesoporous Catalysts
Authors: Coutinho Ana Carla S.L.S. , Barros Joana M.F. , Araujo Marcio D.S. , Silva Jilliano B. , Souza Marcelo J. B. , Delgado Regina C.O.B. , Fernandes Jr. Valter J. , Araujo Antonio S.
Published: January 2024

The removal of sulfur from fossil fuels is one of the most important processes in modern refineries. It is accomplished via hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of the sulfur organic compounds in presence of heterogeneous catalysts. In the current work, heterogeneous catalysts containing cobalt and mo-lybdenum supported on mesoporous materials type SBA-15 and AlSBA-15 were synthesized for application in the HDS reactions of thiophene in n-heptane stream. The mesoporous materials were synthesized by hydrothermal method starting from TEOS, pseudobohemite, hydrochloric ac-id and water. Pluronic P123 was used as template. The best calcination conditions for removal of the organic template were optimized by thermogravimetry analysis (TG/DTG). The calcined SBA-15 and AlSBA-15 supports were submitted to co-impregnation with solutions of cobalt nitrate and ammonium heptamolybdate, aiming the production of 15% in mass of metal loading with atomic ratio of [Co/(Co+Mo)]=0.45. The obtained materials were dried and calcined for obtaining the mesoporous catalysts in the form of CoMo/SBA-15 and CoMo/AlSBA-15. The catalysts were char-acterized by XRD, TG/DTG, SEM and nitrogen adsorption. From XRD analysis, it was verified that after decomposition of the cobalt and molybdenun salts, were formed MoO3, Co3O4 and Co-MoO4 oxides on the supports, being attributed to these chemical species the activity for the HDS reactions. The activity of the obtained catalysts was evaluated in a continuously flowing tubular fixed-bed microreactor coupled on-line to a gas chromatograph, using n-heptane stream contain-ing 12070 ppm of thiophene (ca. 5100 ppm of sulfur) as a model compound. From the catalytic tests it was verified that the synthesized catalysts presented good activity for the reaction, and the main obtained products were cis- and trans-2-butene, 1-butene, n-butane and low amounts of iso-butane. The presence of 1,3-butadiene and tetrahydrothiophene (THT) were not detected. A mechanism of the primary and secondary reactions and subsequent formation of the olefins and paraffins, in the CoMo/SBA-15 and CoMo/AlSBA-15 mesoporous catalysts were proposed, con-sidering steps of desulfurization, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, THT decyclization and isomerization.
BRAF Mutations: Oncogenic Drivers in Solid Tumors
Authors: Roa Paola , Bremer Nicole Virginia , Foglizzo Valentina , Cocco Emiliano
Published: January 2024

From their discovery in 2002, BRAF mutations have been identified as clear drivers of oncogenesis in several cancer types. Currently, their incidence rate is nearly 7% of all solid tumors with BRAF V600E constituting approximately 90% of these diagnoses [1]. In melanoma, thyroid cancer, and histiocytic neoplasms, BRAF hotspot mutations are found at a rate of about 50%, while in lung and colorectal cancers they range from 3 to 10% of reported cases [2-5]. Though present in other malignancies such as breast and ovarian cancers, they constitute a small portion of diagnoses (<1%). Given their frequency along with advancements in screening technologies, various methods are used for the detection of BRAF-mutant cancers. Among these are targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) on tumor tissue or circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based assays. With advancements in detection technologies, several approaches have been taken for the treatment of BRAF mutant cancers. In this review we retrace the milestones that led to the clinical development of targeted therapies currently available for these tumors.
The Impact of Replacing Synchronous Generation with Renewable Energy Technologies on the Transient Stability in the Mangystau Power System
Authors: Aisayev Yerzhan , Tergemes Kazhybek , Zhauyt Algazy , Sheryazov Saken , Bakenov And Kairat
Published: January 2024

Since the creation of the first parallel electrical power systems around the world, the rotor angle stability of synchronously operating generators has been one of the most crucial and challenging problems. In modern electricity networks, involving Kazakhstani, where the renewable energy technologies are rapidly penetrating, and the issue of stability takes on even greater importance due to the technical shortcomings of inverter-based generation. In this framework, an analysis of rotor angle transient stability was carried out when replacing existing synchronous generators with doubly fed induction generators under a certain pre-emergency mode. A critical proportion of active power generation by DFIG units was identified at which transient stability can still be maintained due to the sufficient stored kinetic energy of the synchronous machines remaining in operation. In addition, 2 simple solutions were investigated to improve transient stability, such as an increased time of the automatic reclosure operation and the use of special load shedding automation. For the analysis, a real power system of Mangystau region in Kazakhstan was considered, and the PowerWorld software was used.
A roadmap of noninstitutional living options for people with dementia: “Don’t fence me in.”
Authors: Lévesque Maude , Oldfield Margaret
Published: January 2024

Canadians overwhelmingly do not want to live in long-term-care (LTC) facilities when they age; yet many end up there for lack of homecare, because family caregivers burn out, or because they and their professional advisors are unaware of alternatives to institutions. Not only is institutional dementia care problem-driven, it segregates disabled people, thereby abrogating human rights. Because systemic ageism and ableism cloud elder care, institutions remain the default option for Canadians with dementia. Yet, decades of deinstitutionalization enabled younger disabled Canadians to live in the community with supports. Why not elders? We describe a plethora of noninstitutional dementia-care alternatives. We then present a roadmap for considering all relevant care options in service plans, one that incorporates supported decision-making by people with dementia. We propose a paradigm shift in how Canada serves its elder citizens—not just the current generation, but those to come, including ourselves.
Key Points on Phosphatases Activity in Mens with Malignancy Status
Authors: Chesca Antonella
Published: January 2024

Our target point within this following steps, is prostate cancer. Phosphatases are implicated in differents cell alterations, including proliferation, differentiation and carcinogenesis. In specific life circumstances, proteins are regulators with implications in intracellular signaling pathways. Alterations in phosphatases functionality represent a key point in malignancy development. We try within our description, to focus on an important process refering to dysregulation of phosphatase activity. More than, we will discuss therapeutic key points refering to compounds that inhibits phosphatase proteins with implications in carcinogenesis. So finally after folowing describtion steps, purposed aim is to conclude on prostate cancer and different key points abordation.
Computational Analysis of Various Winglet Design Types on a Boeing 737 Aircraft
Authors: Dunmoye Gideon
Published: January 2024

This research focuses on the computational design and analysis of various winglet Design types on a Boeing 737 aircraft. The idea is to compare the efficiencies of various winglet design types on a Boeing 737 aircraft half wing span and the picking out the best winglet design in respect to the pressure generated at the wing-tip and the lift-to-drag ratio of each winglet designs. The coefficient of lift-drag ratio in this research contribute to the reduction of fuel consumption
Optimizing Invasive Neonatal Respiratory Care: A Review of Invasive Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist
Authors: Balasundaram Palanikumar , Sakr Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Background: Mechanical ventilation in preterm neonates aims for synchrony, preventing complications such as lung injury. Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NAVA) stands out as a unique mode relying on diaphragmatic electrical signals for synchronization. We attempted to review studies that have explored the long-term consequence of using invasive NAVA in neonates with a specific focus on respiratory outcomes, namely bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Methods: A systematic review following PRISMA explored invasive NAVA in preterm neonates. Primary objectives compared NAVA to conventional ventilation, assessing BPD incidence, ventilation duration, length of stay, and adverse events. Secondary objectives analyzed ventilator parameters.

Results: After screening 282 records, nine studies were included. NAVA showed reduced oxygen requirement at 28 days but no significant differences in oxygen need at 36 weeks postmenstrual age, total length of stay, or ventilator days. Adverse events such as air leak, mortality, patent ductus arteriosus, and intraventricular hemorrhage revealed no substantial variations. Ventilator variables favored NAVA, indicating decreased peak inspiratory pressure, tidal volume, work of breathing, and respiratory severity score.

Conclusion: Despite short-term benefits, our study found no significant reduction in BPD with NAVA. Future large-scale trials are essential to comprehensively assess NAVA's impact on preterm infants' long-term outcomes.
Innovation-based Strategic Roadmap for Economic Sustainability and Diversity in Hydrocarbon-Driven Economies: The Qatar Perspective
Authors: Al-Sulaiti Ahmed , Hamouda Abdel Magid , Al-Yafei Hussain , Abdella Galal
Published: January 2024

Keywords: Innovation ecosystems, Economic sustainability, Hydrocarbon-based economies, Economic diversification, Qualitative approach
EMF Exposure in Public Places in Central Greece. Active versus Non Active Users 5G Exposure
Authors: Softa Vasiliki , Christakis Christos , Kosma Fotini , Tyrakis Charilaos , Theodorou Kiki , Kappas And Constantin
Published: January 2024

(1) Background: The rapid expansion of 4G and 5G networks has raised public concerns about potential health risks associated with electromagnetic radiation. This study addresses these fears by investigating electromagnetic measurements in crowded squares, where human exposure is heightened. Despite rigorous scientific methodologies showing generally low levels of radiation from these technologies, public apprehension persists; (2) Methods: We conducted 496 measurements in Larissa's major squares, using a portable field strength analyzer and GIS mapping. Squares were categorized by traffic and population density; (3) Results: Low-traffic squares exhibited exposure ratios consistently below ICNIRP limits, with median values of 0.0012 and 0.00173 in non-active and active mobile phone cases, respectively. In high-traffic squares, the median exposure ratio was 0.00335 in non-active mobile phone cases, remaining below recommended limits; (4) Conclusions: These findings indicate no significant risk of electromagnetic radiation in crowded squares in Larissa, emphasizing the importance of factual communication and dispelling public misconceptions.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Acoustics Generated by Fluid Flow Through a Perforation
Authors: Hamanaka Yasuyuki , Zhu D. , Hill A. D.
Published: January 2024

Fiber optic sensing technology is a useful tool in diagnosing fracture generation during hydraulic fracturing. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) monitors the local acoustic vibrations around the fiber optic cable in real time. In particular, the audible frequency range of DAS is sensitive to the sound induced by fluid flow through perforations and can be used to estimate fluid distribution through each cluster of a multiple stage fracture treatment. As perforations erode during fracture pumping, the acoustic signals decay rapidly, and the DAS waterfall plot used in the field may result in misleading interpretation. To understand the relationship between flow path geometries and flow rates to acoustic responses, a theoretical model was built in this study. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to calculate the acoustic waves generated by fluid flow through a perforation with defined geometry. The model investigates the relationships of perforation diameters and flow rates.

The acoustic model in CFD consists of two steps: solving the pressure profile due to fluid flow in the corresponding geometry; and calculating the acoustic pressure at the specified receiver locations. After time-domain acoustic pressure is transformed into frequency-domain by using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), the sound pressure level is calculated and evaluated. For computational efficiency, a small-scaled CFD model with a single perforation and 2 in I.D. casing size was built and used to determine the appropriate sampling frequency and mesh size. The result was upscaled in the CFD model to a single perforation and 4.77 in I.D. casing. The impact of important parameters on the fluid flow-induced acoustics around the perforation was evaluated. The parameters included the perforation diameter, fluid flow rate, fluid flow energy, roundness of the perforation entrance and perforation shape. The results are compared with experimental observations.

From a sensitivity study, it was observed that small sampling frequencies caused aliasing errors which results in the formation of incorrect frequency peaks. The energy of the fluid flow through a perforation, expressed as the multiple of perforation pressure drop and flow rate, correlates with the sound pressure level. It was also noticed that the roundness of perforation entrances significantly reduces the sound pressure level. As the perforation size increases because of erosion, the characteristics of acoustic signals change, clearly indicating the enlargement of the perforation hole.

The findings of this study help to understand DAS measurements and its interpretation for perforation performance and fluid distribution in fracture stimulation.
Development of a Non-Damaging, Non-Crosslinked Fracturing Fluid System with Enhanced Proppant Suspension Capacity, Field Experiences in Tight and Unconventional Formations
Authors: Fragachan Francisco E. , Busteed John E. , Carvajalino Yurany , Omer Mohammed , Engels John
Published: January 2024

The objective of this work relates to the development of a novel fracture fluid, non-damaging, non-crosslinked, non-guar based capable of providing excellent fracture conductivity through outstanding proppant placement and contact area, invariably in tight or unconventional reservoirs.

Laboratory data generated around rheology, proppant suspension, fluid leakoff, friction performance, results, together with actual treatment performed in tight formations are presented and discussed.

The novel fracture system presents the fusion of two characteristic behaviors of a Slick water fluid and an activated fluid, allowing with this; propped fractures with greater contact area within the reservoir, excellent capacity of suspension, and transport of high concentrations of proppants without using natural polymers, reflecting an important decrease in polymer damage and a high gain in retained conductivity of around 96%, and high efficiency during post-fracture pack cleaning if energized.

One of the key performance indicators to measure its value, is the ability to effectively distribute proppant inside fracture, generating a good proppant pack capable of sustaining the greater contact area created, with minimum settling, as demonstrated through field trials in tight (0.5-1 mD) and unconventional well treatments, enhancing fracture conductivity. To demonstrate this, production performance for a tight gas well is presented where a higher production gain (x2) was observed in one well when compared with neighboring wells.
Robust Correlation Between Effective Energy Injected and Total Production Output: Unpacking the Significance
Authors: Navaiz Awais , Doucette Jon , Mogck Drew
Published: January 2024

Continuing from the previous publication (Navaiz et al. 2023) detailing the hydraulic fracturing energy system and energy transfer as fluid and proppant are pumped from the surface into formation. this paper focuses on the validating the importance of effective energy delivered to formation and its correlation to total productivity.

Combining extensive in-house pumping data and well-production data available from the public domain, a two-dimensional approach cross-plotting total effective energy injected per unit area against production output shows a highly correlative positive relationship (R2>0.75) across several basins in North America. This strong relationship not only reinforces the value of this energy analysis concept in hydraulic fracturing established by the authors previously. It also validates the conservation of energy principle highlighting the usefulness of relating effective energy injected into formation to a direct increase in reservoir energy potential and therefore a greater potential for total productivity.

With the unconventional oil and gas industry highly focused on capital efficiency, the effective energy metric enables near-instantaneous optimization of development costs rather than iterating on 6-month or 1-year production performance. Time and capital can then be invested in technologies and processes that maximize effective energy and resultant productivity or minimize energy losses in the system.
The Netball Injury Incidence and Aetiology Evidence Base: A Scoping Review of Methodologies and Recommendations for Future Approaches.
Authors: Horne Sara Louise , Baltzopoulos Bill , Shaheen Aliah Faisal , Hills Laura
Published: January 2024

Background
Netball is a sport with a large participation base and a high risk of injuries. The development of effective prevention strategies to minimise injury is dependent upon a clear understanding of the sports injury problems, aetiology and mechanisms. Thus, appropriate research methodologies are essential to accurately identify the injury evidence base. The objective of this scoping review was to map out the characteristics and range of netball injury research methodologies, identify limitations and provide guidance for future research.
Methods
A systematic, librarian assisted search of seven scientific databases from 1985 to March 2023 identified relevant studies. All peer-reviewed studies assessing injury incidence, aetiology and mechanisms in netball were included.
Results
Screening of 642 studies identified 61netball injury studies (67% descriptive epidemiology: 56% analysing hospital/insurance data, 44% netball competitions; 33% analytic epidemiology). Across studies considerable variation exists in study designs, injury definitions, methods of data collection and reporting, calculation of injury incidence and classification of study populations. The 20 analytic studies assessed a wide range of injury risk factors, but 70% used a simplistic reductionist approach to determine causality, limiting understanding of injury causes. Methods of recording injury mechanisms relied on simple descriptions, based on athlete self-report or medical staff reporting, reducing the accuracy of information. Consequently, these methodological issues make it difficult to identify clear injury issues across age groups and playing levels.
Conclusion
The findings highlight the use of heterogeneous and inappropriate methodologies for analysis of the incidence, causes and mechanisms of netball injuries. Standardisation of methodologies for the collection of injury data, and assessment of risk factors and mechanisms is essential. A multifactorial approach is required to assess the complex interaction between multiple risk factors, player load and the injury inciting event. This will provide a more accurate evidence base to inform effective preventative strategies.
Visual Acuity Improvement (Supernormal Vision) after SmartSight lenticule extraction procedures: A Machine Learning Assisted Approach.
Authors: Mosquera Samuel Arba , Darzi Soodabeh , Pradhan Kishore
Published: January 2024

Objectives
To anticipate improvements in lenticule extraction, with the potential to enhance visual acuity, by employing SmartSight from SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions. This involves utilizing the advanced femtosecond laser system, SCHWIND ATOS, through a comprehensive analysis of patient data and specific details related to the surgical device.
Methods
This retrospective, observational case series includes 1262 eyes who underwent SmartSight with 86 features (sources of information). Procedures were performed with a SCHWIND ATOS femtosecond laser. Selection of those features that carry a high relevance in the change of Corrected Distance Visual Acuity (CDVA) was performed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Principal Components (PC) Analysis (PCA), whereas predicting the success probability (gain of CDVA) with various regression and classification methods. The full cohort was randomly split into training cohort (883 treatments) and test cohort (379 treatments).
Results
The initial 86 features reduced to 38 uncorrelated ones using a cross-correlation matrix. Subsequent refinement led to the identification of 3 PCs explaining 80% of the variance. PC1 was primarily associated with system settings, whereas PC2 and PC3 were correlated with gender and age at treatment. A successful dichotomous classifier (gain vs no-gain of CDVA) developed, showing consistent predictions in both training and test cohorts. Notably, lower pulse energy, larger spot distance, tighter track distance, higher spot to track distance ratio, lower dose, and lower average laser power were linked to a higher chance of CDVA gain.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that employing the low-energy asymmetric spacing with the SmartSight instrument yields a notably safe and effective lenticule extraction process. This methodology significantly contributes to the improvement of visual outcomes in patients with myopic astigmatism undergoing SmartSight treatment.
Introduction:
Corneal refractive surgery, aiming to correct optical and visual imperfections, entails altering the corneal structure by surgically removing tissue that functions akin to a lens. SmartSight treatment (SCHWIND eye-tech solutions GmbH, Kleinostheim, Germany) is a lenticule creation and extraction implemented in the SCHWIND ATOS femtosecond system [1].
Optimization of Bioflocculant production from municipal sewage sludge by Aspergillus niger using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Ayat Sayed Majid , Dadkhah Ali Akbar , Ahmadi Ali , hanifi Saber Moradi , Nasrollahi Amir
Published: January 2024

The production of sewage sludge is an environmental challenge in the steel industry, particularly from the point of view of water recycling and iron recovery. It contains large amounts of iron oxides, calcium, magnesium, and silicon oxides. In this study, the selective deposition rate of iron oxide in sludge in the presence of a bioflocculant produced by Aspergillus niger was investigated. The effects of several key parameters, including nitrogen concentration, carbon concentration, pH, and temperature, were investigated using the response surface method in a central composite design. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimum conditions for sludge deposition (91.3%) and iron oxide recovery (72.3%) were achieved at a growth time of 96 hours, a municipal wastewater extract concentration of 1.0 g/L, a pH of 5.9, and a temperature of 18°C. It can be concluded that the bioflocculant produced by A. niger could be used as an environmentally friendly reagent for iron recovery and to increase the efficiency of water recycling from steel industry sludge.
Long-term monitoring of chloride deposition and its influencing factors around the East China sea Island
Authors: Jia Jiannan , Cui Zhiqiang , He Yunqing , Li Yuanbei , Li Xinwei , Liu Cong , Xu Qiang , Fan Xianping
Published: January 2024

This study aims to monitor the chloride ion deposition rate at nine distinct locations on Zhairuoshan Island in the East China Sea over a period of 16 months. The research investigates the impact of offshore distance, azimuth, season, rainfall, and wind conditions on the rate of chloride ion deposition. Furthermore, this study conducts an atmospheric corrosion test on Q235 steel at four representative points on the island, and subsequently compares the findings with the chloride ion deposition rate.