bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Activities of Euphorbia hirta and Lantan camara Extracts on the Growth of Some Bacteria that Causes Banana Plant Disease
Authors: Ambang Agyingi Lucy , Elie Keuete Kamdoum , Nyamjua Maah Romanus
Published: December 2023

Bananas (Musa acuminata L.) are confronted with a number of challenges imposed by bacterial diseases which lead to huge yield losses.  In order to improve the yields of the banana plantation, one of the recommended management strategies which would be inexpensive and environmentally friendly was developed. The objective of this study was to improve the sanitary state of banana plant. To achieve this objective, bacteria associated with the different banana organs were isolated on Nutrient Agar (culture medium) and their morphological identification was carried out based on the cultural characteristics and the colour of the bacterial walls observed under an optical microscope and using reference documents (bacteriological identification keys).  Antibacterial activity of Lantana camara and Euphorbia hirta extracts were evaluated in vitro on agar medium aginst Xanthomonas campestris pv. Pseudomonas solanacearum and Ralstonia solanacearum. The results showed that the banana plant harbours a diversity of bacteria species, the most frequent being Ralstonia solanacearum as it was isolated from all infected organs. The yields of the equeous extacts of Euphorbia hirta and Lantana camara were particularly high (7% and 13%) respectively, compared to those of the ethanolic extracts which were lower. Aqueous extracts of Euphorbia hirta, at 50 mg/ml, had bactericidal activity against Ralstonia solanacearum and Pseudomonas celebensis. Aqueous extracts of Lantana camara, at concentrations of 25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml, exhibited bactericidal activity against P. celebensis. Meanwhile, the ethanolic extracts of L. camara, at 50 mg/ml had bacteriostatic activity against the development of P. celebensis. Ethanolic extracts of E. hirta had bactericidal activity on the growth of Xanthomonas campestris at 25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml. The same activity was obtained with P. celebensis at 50 mg/ml. These results suggest that the aqueous and ethanol extracts of the tested plants at high concentrations could be used as alternatives to chemical products in the fight against banana diseases especially Xanthomonas, Pseudomonas and Ralstonia. Hence further studies need to be undertaken in order to isolate the active compounds from these extracts with bactericidal potential.
A Predictive Model for POP Cement Prices in the Nigerian Construction Industry
Authors: Oba K. M.
Published: December 2023

This study was aimed at formulating a model to predict the price of Plaster of Paris (POP) cement using a multiple linear regression modelling technique. The prices of POP cement were predicted between the fiscal years 2024 and 2030, given the prices between the fiscal years 2017 and 2023. Secondary data were obtained for the Interest Rates, Inflation Rates, Naira exchange rates against the US Dollar, Population growth rates, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rates between 2017 and 2023. Primary data were obtained to investigate the prices at which POP was sold between the fiscal years 2017 and 2023. Exponential trends forecasting was used to forecast the above decision variables or factors affecting the price of POP cement between 2024 and 2030. A multiple linear regression model was derived for the prediction of the POP cement prices between the said years. The model was found fit, adequate, and of a high predictive attribute with an R2 value of 0.99. This study will help in the proactive planning of effective cost management for building construction projects in which POP cement was used. It will reduce problems and challenges of cost overrun on construction projects in the Nigerian construction industry.
Knowledge Management Maturity Level of Steel Fabricator Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Wibisono Dany Dwitama , Isvara Wisnu
Published: December 2023

Improving the maturity of knowledge management implementation is considered a promising approach that can help companies to gain a competitive advantage and improve company competitiveness. This study was conducted to evaluate the achievement of the maturity level of knowledge management implementation in steel fabricator companies in Indonesia using the methodology published by the Asian Productivity Organization (APO) in 2020. The evaluation was carried out on 7 steel fabricator companies in Indonesia with a non-random judgmental quota sampling method by distributing questionnaires, each of the question of indicators can be rate from 1 (doing poorly) to 5 (doing very well). Based on the results of the analysis, found that from 7 categories, there are some categories need to be improved, they are "Learning and Innovation", "Knowledge Processes" and "People”. It is found that the maturity level of the application of knowledge management for steel fabricators in Indonesia is at the expansion level, where knowledge management has been implemented but has not been carried out thoroughly in the organization.
Industrial Ecology
Authors: Hagan James
Published: December 2023

The components of industrial ecology are (1) the use of renewable, sustainable inputs, (2) optimal material and energy utilization with the elimination of waste, and (3) the use of recovered materials and discarded energy from society or other industries being used back in the supply chain and manufacturing process (industrial symbiosis). If industrial ecology encompasses all activities from the extraction of natural resources to the development and issuance of a final product, industrial symbiosis is the third part of that equation, using wastes or by‐products as inputs to the manufacturing process thereby reducing the need for extraction from natural sources. The circular economy is the interface between general society (ie, consumers) and their use of manufactured goods, and an industry that will need to utilize the materials of discarded products in manufacturing of new products.
Autophagy as an innate immunity response against pathogens: a Tango dance
Authors: Aguilera Milton O. , Delgui Laura R. , Reggiori Fulvio , Romano Patricia S. , Colombo María I.
Published: December 2023

Intracellular infections as well as changes in the cell nutritional environment are main events that trigger cellular stress responses. One crucial cell response to stress conditions is autophagy. During the last 30 years, several scenarios involving autophagy induction or inhibition over the course of an intracellular invasion by pathogens have been uncovered. In this review, we will present how this knowledge was gained by studying different microorganisms. We intend to discuss how the cell, via autophagy, tries to repel these attacks with the objective of destroying the intruder, but also how some pathogens have developed strategies to subvert this. These two fates can be compared with a Tango, a dance originated in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in which the partner dancers are in close connection. One of them is the leader, embracing and involving the partner, but the follower may respond escaping from the leader. This joint dance is indeed highly synchronized and controlled, perfectly reflecting the interaction between autophagy and microorganism.
Feasibility of eolian sound for urban wind speed estimation
Authors: Yoshikawa Shunpei , Nishijima Kazuyoshi , Okaze Tsubasa , Takano Yasushi
Published: December 2023

Wind‐speed measurement is crucial in designing wind‐resistant buildings and controlling the wind environment in urban areas. However, the current methods of measuring wind speed, such as anemometers and Doppler lidar, are associated with high costs. This study investigated an alternative approach to measuring wind speed using the eolian sound emitted from cylindrical objects in urban settings, such as electrical cables. The proposed method relies on a relationship between the frequency of Karman vortex generation, which gives rise to eolian sound, and wind speed, considering the diameter of a cylindrical object. This study addressed 2 research questions: (1) the possibility of capturing and identifying the eolian sound emitted from a cylindrical object using a generic recording device and whether the peak frequency of the recorded sound aligns with the theoretically predicted frequency; (2) the feasibility of estimating the direction of the eolian sound source to identify the object responsible for the sound emission. The authors conducted a series of experiments involving artificially generated eolian sound in an outdoor environment and analyzed the recorded sound signals. The analysis results were encouraging, confirming positive responses to both research questions. These results indicate the potential for a novel method capable of estimating wind speed.
Surface Decoration Manipulating Zn2+/H+ Carrier Ratios for Hyperstable Aqueous Zinc Ion Battery Cathode
Authors: Liang Wenhao , Che Yixuan , Cai Zhiyuan , Tang Rongfeng , Ma Zhentao , Zheng Xusheng , Wu Xiaojun , Li Jun , Jin Huile , Zhu Changfei , Chen Tao
Published: December 2023

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) show great prospects in large‐scale energy storage applications, whereas this technology suffers from the lack of cathode materials with high capacity and stability. Here, a cathode material of SbO2 nanoparticles decorated onto the surface of K0.43V6O13 nanobelt is presented. The SbO2 is disclosed as proton‐phile and zinc‐phobic, which thus favors H+ intercalation. In consequence, the increase of H+ intercalation can offset the lattice shrinkage caused by Zn2+ intercalation, and contribute to excellent cyclic stability of the battery. Finally, SbO2/K0.43V6O13 delivers a reversible capacity of 414.2 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 1000 cycles with a retention of 103%, and 223.5 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1 after 20 000 cycles with a retention of 89.3%, showing long cycling life at both low current and high current densities. This study provides new insights into the effecting factors for the performance of AZIBs cathode and an effective strategy to improve its stability.
Tunable Epsilon‐and‐Mu‐Near‐Zero Metacomposites
Authors: Dai Ji , Jiang Haitao , Guo Zhiwei , Qiu Jun
Published: December 2023

Epsilon‐and‐mu‐near‐zero (EMNZ) metamaterials have garnered significant attention in near‐zero‐parameter metamaterial research for their exceptional ability to attain concurrent near‐zero permittivity and permeability. Nowadays achieving EMNZ properties through the use of metacomposites remains a novel endeavor. Presented here is an innovative approach of near‐zero‐parameter metacomposites, illustrating excellent and tunable EMNZ properties in the radio frequency regime. The self‐organization approach is applied to construct the conductive 3D network and the circuits, serving as the underlying framework for achieving EMNZ properties. Near‐zero permeability is effectively maintained while permittivity reaches epsilon‐near‐zero frequency regime. Efficient manipulation of electromagnetic parameters is initially realized via adjusting component content in metacomposites. Significantly, an excellent EMNZ property is observed as carbon content reaches 15 wt.% at 915 MHz. Through both numerical simulations and experimental testing, the PGC metacomposites have exhibited tunneling effects and directional emission characteristics, confirming their EMNZ properties. Besides, the Lego‐like adjustment facilitates the achievement of EMNZ property and advances the EMNZ frequency point to 700 MHz, expanding the EMNZ range. Furthermore, thanks to the remarkable excitation effect of photo‐induced adjustment, the metacomposite with low‐carbon content also achieves extraordinary EMNZ properties. This research offers promising self‐organized EMNZ metacomposites and lays the foundation for future endeavors in precisely adjusting near‐zero parameters.
Carrier Trapping Deactivation by Halide Alloying in Formamidinium‐Based Lead Iodide Perovskites
Authors: Jiménez‐López Jesús , Cortecchia Daniele , Wong E Laine , Folpini Giulia , Treglia Antonella , Alvarado‐Leaños Ada Lilí , Wu Chun‐Sheng , Olivati Andrea , Petrozza Annamaria
Published: December 2023

Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) is the benchmark material for the most efficient near‐infrared perovskite light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) and a promising gain medium for perovskite‐based coherent light sources. Thus, it is crucial to understand and control its defect chemistry to harness the full potential of its exceptional radiative recombination properties. Here, this topic is addressed by tailoring the I− to Br− ratio in the perovskite composition. It is found that introducing small Br− quantities improves the yield of radiative recombination with a beneficial impact on both spontaneous and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and improves the semiconductor photostability leading to reduced luminescence efficiency roll‐off and enhanced radiance in LEDs. By employing photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM), this improvement in optoelectronic performance can be directly correlated to a reduced hole‐trapping activity achieved by replacing iodide with bromide, thus, providing a convenient yet powerful synthetic approach to control the defect chemistry of the material and fostering its implementation in advanced photonic platforms.
Emerging 2D Cobalt Telluride (CoxTey): from Theory to Applications
Authors: Liu Ying , Gong Qihua , Yin Yan , Yi Min , Liu Yanpeng
Published: December 2023

Cobalt telluride, with tunable magnetism and ferromagnetism that hinged upon the stoichiometric ratio, has emerged as a new member of 2D materials in the last decade. Metallic doping by sodium (Na) and platinum (Pt) atoms below critical concentrations is found to enhance the magnetism of cobalt telluride. After thinning cobalt telluride down to few‐layer, the saturation magnetism is improved by two order of magnitudes because of the oxidation state of cobalt (Co) and reduced coordination number of the surface atoms. In 2D limit, cobalt di‐telluride possesses Dirac band structure with many nodal lines that correlate with quantum criticality and other fantastic physics. In this mini‐review, the crystal and band structures of cobalt telluride categorized by stoichiometric ratio are overviewed after briefing the introduction. Both top‐down and bottom‐up methods are then discussed to offer optimum solutions for each specified application scenario. Afterward, emerging magnetic and electronic properties and credit enhancements are launched accompanied with their key advances. Beyond these, the faced challenges and possible directions of future research are also provided, attempting to boost both fundamental physics and device applications based on 2D cobalt telluride.
Self‐Promoted Targeting Delivery of Nanodrug Through Chemotherapeutic Upregulation of CD47 for Triple Negative Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Liu Qianqian , Chen Xiayun , Jiang Yong , Yan Mengyi , Yu Baixue , Zhang Wei , Cen Yi , Zhang Junyan , Zhang Jian , Lei Qi , Li Shiying , Yang Bin
Published: December 2023

The high heterogeneity of receptor expression and varied chemotherapeutic sensitivity seriously compromise the therapeutic outcome of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC)‐targeting nanodrugs. In this work, a TNBC‐targeting nanodrug (designated as CPU) equipped with self‐promoted targeting property through chemotherapeutic upregulation of CD47 is constructed, enabling synergistic chemo/photodynamic therapy. Specifically, the hydrophobic docetaxel (DOC), which can upregulate the expression of CD47 in TNBC cells, is loaded in the nanomicelles (designated as P‐Pep) assembled from a protoporphyrin IX (PPIX)‐labeled amphiphilic chimeric peptide of Fmoc‐K(PPIX)‐AWSATWSNYWRH, obtaining the ca. 196 nm CPU. Aided by the enhanced permeability and retention effect and guidance of CD47‐binding peptide sequence, CPU is verified to prefer to accumulate in CD47 overexpressed TNBC cells, which can recruit more CPU by upregulating CD47 expression post‐treatment of DOC. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate the superior tumor targeting ability, which can extensively amplify chemotherapeutic and photodynamic therapeutic effects while evading obvious adverse effects. The self‐promoted targeting strategy will inspire the design of nanodrugs for the personalized therapy of tumors with high heterogeneity and resistance.
OperandoReconstruction of Porous Carbon Supported Copper Selenide Promotes the C2Production from CO2RR
Authors: Li Simeng , Yu Jun , Zhang Shengsen , Qiu Weitao , Tang Xing , Lin Zedong , Cai Rongming , Fang Yueping , Yang Shihe , Cai Xin
Published: December 2023

Precisely regulating surface reconstruction of copper (Cu) chalcogenides‐based catalysts to promote the multicarbon (C2+)selectivity of the electrochemical CO2reduction reaction (CO2RR) is hampered by the challenging control of the intractable anions and the optimal Cuδ+reduction (0 <δ< 1). Herein, a porous carbon‐supported copper selenides electrocatalyst that can remarkably improve the C2‐product yield and especially unveil the time‐revolved electrochemical CO2RR reconstruction process to enable the high C2‐selectivity, most notably for ethanol is constructed. The Faradic efficiency (FE) of C2‐products achieved is as high as ≈85.2% with a partial current density of 229.5 mA cm−2.Operandoinfrared spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations unravel that the surface Se vacancies (VSe) formation brings closer the neighboring Cu+atoms and activates the Cu sites, thereby rendering efficient generation of the key intermediates (*CO and*CHO) and lowering the C–C coupling barrier for C2production. The appearance of metallic Cu can shorten the next‐nearest Cu0–Cu+distance for O atom to bridge in, leading to the preferential formation of*OC2H4towards ethanol instead of C–O bond cleavage to form ethylene. This work opens the avenue of designing suitable local atomic structures catalysts to engage the intermediates for targeted CO2RR products.
AIENP‐Reinforced DISCO Method for Whole‐Tissue 3D Reconstruction of Pulmonary Capillaries
Authors: Gong Xiao‐Ting , Chong Kok Chan , Liu Jiaqi , Cheng Wei , Yang Jing , Liu Bin
Published: December 2023

The pulmonary vascular system plays a crucial role in maintaining normal physiological functions, and perturbations in this network often serve as indicators for various fatal diseases. Thus, accurate mapping and assessment of the intricate anatomical details of pulmonary vasculature is essential for the investigation of the underlying mechanism of these diseases. Yet it is considered a tough challenge as traditional imaging techniques offer limited representations of the vasculature network in the lung, while optical imaging methods face limitations from tissue depth. To overcome these obstacles, in this study, an AIENP‐reinforced DISCO method, for whole‐tissue 3D reconstruction of pulmonary capillaries is presented. Combining AIENPs, hydrogel‐enhanced scaffolds, and solvent‐based DISCO procedures, the method successfully visualizes the entire network of mouse pulmonary capillaries with a significantly shortened timeframe and cost. The whole process including labeling and clearing takes 6 days and it costs ≈ 5 USD to stain the lung vasculature of an adult mouse. Moreover, the study provides valuable insights for detecting pulmonary vascular abnormalities. This fast and cost‐effective technique opens new avenues for developing better fluorophores compatible with tissue optical clearing and offers insights for in‐depth research on pulmonary pathophysiology.
Highly Reversible Lithiation of Additive Free T‐Nb2O5 for a Quarter of a Million Cycles
Authors: Wechsler Sean Cade , Gregg Alexander , Stefik Morgan
Published: December 2023

Fast energy storage via intercalation requires quick ionic diffusion and often results in pseudocapacitive behavior. The cycling stability of such energy storage materials remains understudied despite the relevance to lifetime cost. Orthorhombic niobium oxide (T‐Nb2O5) is a rapid ion intercalation material with a theoretical capacity of 201.7 mAh g−1 (Li2Nb2O5) and good cycling stability due to the minimal unit cell strain during (de)intercalation. Prior reports of T‐Nb2O5 cycling between 1.3–3.1 V versus Li/Li+ noted a 50% loss in capacity after 10 000 cycles. Here, cyclic voltammetry is used to identify the role of the voltage window, state of charge, and potentiostatic holds on the cycling stability of mesoporous T‐Nb2O5 thin films. Films cycled between 1.2–3.0 V versus Li/Li+ without voltage holds (Li1.1Nb2O5) exhibited extreme cycling stability with 90.8% capacity retention after 0.25 million cycles without detectable morphological/crystallographic changes. In contrast, the inclusion of 60 s voltage holds (Li2.18Nb2O5) led to rapid capacity loss with 61.6% retention after 10 000 cycles with corresponding X‐ray diffraction evidence of amorphization. Cycling with other limited voltage windows identifies that most crystallographic degradation occurs at higher extents of lithiation. These results reveal remarkable stability over limited conditions and suggest that T‐Nb2O5 amorphization is associated with high extents of lithiation.
3D Visualization of Proteins within Metal–Organic Frameworks via Ferritin‐Enabled Electron Microscopy
Authors: Dhaoui Rakia , Cazarez Saira L. , Xing Li , Baghdadi Elmira , Mulvey Justin T. , Idris Nehal S. , Hurst Paul J. , Vena M. Paula , Palma Giuseppe Di , Patterson Joseph P.
Published: December 2023

Electron tomography holds great promise as a tool for investigating the 3D morphologies and internal structures of metal‐organic framework‐based protein biocomposites (protein@MOFs). Understanding the 3D spatial arrangement of proteins within protein@MOFs is paramount for developing synthetic methods to control their spatial localization and distribution patterns within the biocomposite crystals. In this study, the naturally occurring iron oxide mineral core of the protein horse spleen ferritin (Fn) is leveraged as a contrast agent to directly observe individual proteins once encapsulated into MOFs by electron microscopy techniques. This methodology couples scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electron tomography to garner detailed 2D and 3D structural interpretations of where proteins spatially lie in Fn@MOF crystals, addressing the significant gaps in understanding how synthetic conditions relate to overall protein spatial localization and aggregation. These findings collectively reveal that adjusting the ligand‐to‐metal ratios, protein concentration, and the use of denaturing agents alters how proteins are arranged, localized, and aggregated within MOF crystals.
Engineered Living Biofilm with Enhanced Metal Binding Ability for Corrosion Protection in Seawater
Authors: Li Zhong , Ren Yuehui , Li Zhengtao , Zhang Jingru , Fan Yongqiang , Jiang Guangming , Xu Dake , Gu Tingyue , Wang Fuhui
Published: December 2023

Engineering living functional biofilms offers an ecofriendly and efficient technique for the corrosion protection of metallic materials in marine environments. Its firm attachment to the metal surface is a key step to effectively improve the corrosion protection. Herein, engineered Escherichia coli biofilm with strong metal binding ability is constructed by genetically appending a metal binding domain (MBD) to extracellular amyloids. The engineered living biofilm improved the corrosion resistance of X70 carbon steel. Moreover, a biofilm‐induced mineralization layer, mainly composed of calcite, is formed on the X70 surface, which provided a stable corrosion barrier. At the end of 7‐days immersion, the icorr decreased from 5.1 ± 0.4 µA cm−2 without biofilm to 0.5 ± 0.1 µA cm−2 with E. coli MBD biofilm, resulting in a corrosion inhibition efficiency of 90.2%. It also demonstrated the corrosion protection effect for 304 stainless steel, suggesting possible broad applications of the engineered biofilm. The application of synthetic biology offers a novel approach in the development of anti‐corrosion technologies in water environments.
A Bioactive Photosensitizer for Hypoxia‐Tolerant Molecular Targeting‐Photo‐Immunotherapy of Malignant Tumor
Authors: Fan Lianfeng , Jian Chuanjiang , Li Ling , Wang Li , Song Xuejiao , Wang Minjia , Liu Chutong , Liu Xiaoxiao , Xu Shidang , Gao Xihui , Shi Xianjie , Yuan Miaomiao , Liu Bin , Shi Leilei
Published: December 2023

Photosensitizers (PSs) with effective reactive oxygen species generation ability against hypoxia are of great potential for clinical treatment of malignant tumors. However, complex tumor microenvironment, such as antioxidative responses and immunosuppression, would ineluctably limit the efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, a molecular‐targeting photosensitizer QTANHOH is rationally designed for histone deacetylases (HDACs‐targeting photo‐immunotherapy application. The PS QTANHOH displays excellent type‐I/II PDT performance, exhibiting significant phototoxicity toward cancer cells with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) less than 10 nm in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions under blue laser irradiation. Moreover, the bioactive compound could inhibit HDACs and activate the immune microenvironment to boost PDT efficacy on the immunocompetent BALB/c mice with breast cancer, leading to the eradication of solid tumor and inhibition of metastasis. Notably, the molecular‐targeting photosensitizer introduces an alternative strategy to achieve superior phototherapy for cancer therapy.
Recycling and Reusing of Graphite from Retired Lithium‐ion Batteries: A Review
Authors: Tian Honghong , Graczyk‐Zajac Magdalena , Kessler Alois , Weidenkaff Anke , Riedel Ralf
Published: December 2023

The proliferation of rechargeable lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) over the past decade has led to a significant increase in the number of electric vehicles (EVs) powered by these batteries reaching the end of their lifespan. With retired EVs becoming more prevalent, recycling and reusing their components, particularly graphite, has become imperative as the world transitions toward electric mobility. Graphite constitutes ≈20% of LIBs by weight, making it a valuable resource to be conserved. This review presents an in‐depth analysis of the current global graphite mining landscape and explores potential opportunities for the “second life” of graphitefrom depleted LIBs. Various recycling and reactivation technologies in both industry and academia are discussed, along with potential applications for recycled graphite forming a vital aspect of the waste management hierarchy. Furthermore, this review addresses the future challenges faced by the recycling industry in dealing with expired LIBs, encompassing environmental, economic, legal, and regulatory considerations. In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the developments in recycling and reusing graphite from retired LIBs, offering valuable insights for forthcoming large‐scale recycling efforts.
Distinguished Roles of Nitrogen‐Doped Sp2 and Sp3 Hybridized Carbon on Extraordinary Supercapacitance in Acidic Aqueous Electrolyte
Authors: Li Jun , Xia Zhenhai , Wang Xiaowei , Feng Cheng , Zhang Qingcheng , Chen Xi'an , Yang Yun , Wang Shun , Jin Huile
Published: December 2023

The acidic aqueous supercapacitors have been found to deliver appealing capacitive properties due to fast ion diffusion caused by the applied smallest size of hydrion. However, their practical applications are largely inhibited by the narrow electrochemical stability window of water (1.23 V). Herein, A nitrogen‐enriched porous carbon materials (RNOPCs) is reported, consisting of varied nitrogen doping bonded on sp2 and sp3 carbon sites, which are capable of stimulating a wider potential window up to 1.4 V and thus resulting in a great enhancement of capacitive performance in aqueous acidic electrolytes. Together with the improved electrical conductivity and preferable hydrion diffusion, RNOPCs exhibit an ultrahigh volumetric capacitance (1084 F cm−3) in 0.5 M H2SO4. Besides, a fully packed RNOPCs‐based symmetrical supercapacitor can deliver a high gravimetric and volumetric energy density of 31.8 Wh Kg−1 and 54.3 Wh L−1 respectively, approaching those of lead acid batteries (25–35 Wh Kg−1). The first‐principles calculations reveal that the lone pair electrons of the doped nitrogen can be delocalized on its neighboring carbon atoms, improving charge uptakes and overpotentials. Such facile and scale‐up production of carbon‐based supercapacitors can bridge the gap of energy density between traditional supercapacitors and batteries in aqueous electrolytes.
Harmonizing Thickness and Permeability in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Novel Silk Fibroin Membrane Inspired by Spider Silk Dynamics
Authors: Chen Wenze , Liu Keyin , Liao Xiaoyu , Wu Jing , Chen Lu , Yang Zihan , Wang Xiping , Liao Yinxiu , Fu Guiqiang , Yang Xiaonian , Wang Zishuo , Qu Guanlin , Wang Li , Zhou Yuqiong , Zhang ZhiYuan , Yang Chi , Ni Siyuan , Zheng Jisi , Tao Tiger H. , Zou Duohong
Published: December 2023

Guided bone regeneration gathers significant interest in the realm of bone tissue engineering; however, the interplay between membrane thickness and permeability continues to pose a challenge that can be addressed by the water‐collecting mechanism of spider silk, where water droplets efficiently move from smooth filaments to rough conical nodules. Inspired by the natural design of spider silk, an innovative silk fibroin membrane is developed featuring directional fluid transportation via harmoniously integrating a smooth, dense layer with a rough, loose layer; conical microchannels are engineered in the smooth and compact layer. Consequently, double‐layered membranes with cone‐shaped microporous passageways (CSMP‐DSF membrane) are designed for in situ bone repair. Through extensive in vitro testing, it is noted that the CSMP‐DSF membrane guides liquid flow from the compact layer's surface to the loose layer, enabling rapid diffusion. Remarkably, the CSMP‐DSF membrane demonstrates superior mechanical properties and resistance to bacterial adhesion. When applied in vivo, the CSMP‐DSF membrane achieves results on par with the commercial Bio‐Gide collagen membranes. This innovative integration of a cross‐thickness wetting gradient structure offers a novel solution, harmonizing the often‐conflicting requirements of material transport, mechanical strength, and barrier effectiveness, while also addressing issues related to tissue engineering scaffold perfusion.
Microwave Phosphine‐Plasma‐Assisted Ultrafast Synthesis of Halogen‐Doped Ru/RuP2 with Surface Intermediate Adsorption Modulation for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wu Zexing , Li Qichang , Xu Guangrui , Jin Wei , Xiao Weiping , Li Zhenjiang , Ma Tianyi , Feng Shouhua , Wang Lei
Published: December 2023

Anionic modification engineering is a crucial approach to develop highly efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction. Herein, halogen elements (X = Cl, Br, and I)‐modified Ru‐based nanosheets (X‐Ru/RuP2) are designed by rapid and eco‐friendly microwave‐phosphide plasma approach within 60 s. Experimental and density functional theory calculations verify that the introduced halogen element, especially Br, can optimize the surface intermediates adsorption. Specially, the designed Br‐Ru/RuP2 favors the water dissociation and following hydrogen adsorption/desorption process. Then, the as‐synthesized Br‐Ru/RuP2 exhibits low overpotential of 34 mV to reach 10 mA cm−2 coupled with small Tafel slope of 27 mV dec−1 in alkaline electrolyte with excellent long‐term stability. Moreover, the electrocatalytic performances in acid and neutral media are also boosted via Br element modification. This work paves a novel way to regulate the electronic structure of Ru‐based compounds, and then can boost the electrocatalytic kinetics.
Highly Efficient Three‐Photon Excited Red Emission in the Yb3+‐Er3+ Upconversion System at Low Excitation Intensities for Non‐Invasive Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Wu Hao , Wang Kexiu , Zhang Liangliang , Luo Yongshi , Pan Guohui , Wu Huajun , Hao Zhendong , Liu Feng , Wang Xiaojun , Zhang Jiahua
Published: December 2023

Upconversion (UC) phosphors exhibiting luminescence color tuning (LCT) through variations in infrared excitation intensity offer great potential for high‐security anti‐counterfeiting applications. However, the current LCT capability is limited to high excitation intensities, hindering developments of non‐invasive counterfeit detection. In this study, two orders of magnitude reduction are achieved in excitation intensities for LCT in YF3:Yb/Er, accomplished by attaining an unprecedentedly efficient three‐photon excited red emission for mixing with the two‐photon excited green emission. To enable this breakthrough, deoxygenation techniques are employed during sample preparations, which surprisingly prevent concentration quenching of Yb3+ ions, facilitating efficient three‐photon excitation of the red emission for Yb3+ concentrations ≥ 30% even at excitation intensities as low as 10 mW cm−2. At excitation intensities of 100 mW cm−2, the three‐photon excitation contributes to 91–94% of the red emission, resulting in an 11–17‐fold increase in the red‐to‐green intensity ratio. This low‐excitation‐induced LCT, shifting from green to orange, showcases its potential for anti‐counterfeiting. Furthermore, present YF3:Yb/Er phosphors demonstrate an impressive UC quantum yield of 7.8%, surpassing the popular NaYF4:Yb/Er phosphor (5.6%) under the same excitation intensity of 31.8 W cm−2. These findings represent a significant advancement in highly efficient UC fluoride phosphors, promising diverse applications across various fields.
A Versatile Nanoemulsion of Antibiotic and Eucalyptol with Synergistic Effects Against E. Coli Infected Urocystitis
Authors: Guo Honglei , Lan Tianyu , Qian Jun , Luo Yongjun , Tian Xinxin , Yin Hao , Xu Hui , Cui Hongqing , Shen Xiangchun , Guo Qianqian
Published: December 2023

The extensive use and misuse of antibiotics have resulted in bacterial resistance becoming increasing commonplace. Essential oils (EOs) are known to possess antimicrobial properties and therefore have many potential practical applications. However, the default of hydrophobicity, chemical instability, and volatility limit scope of application. Encapsulation of EOs in colloidal delivery systems can mitigate these challenges and allow for greater efficacy. A homogenous nanoemulsion (HS15‐CE) containing a combination of eucalyptol (Euc) and cefradine (Cef) is developed to explore its synergistic effect on antibacterial activity and potentially reduce the amount of antibiotic required to treat bacterial infections. The HS15‐CE nanoemulsion displays a synergistic effect on the inhibition of Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth in vitro, significantly decreasing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by eight times. The ex vivo imaging reveals high accumulation concentrations and long retention in bladders. Moreover, the nanoemulsion alleviates the E. coli induced cystitis infection, as evidenced by decreased bacterial colonies in urine, reduced inflammatory cytokines, and increased expression of tight junctional protein ZO‐1. These findings suggest the potential of the HS15‐CE nanoemulsion in providing a synergistic effect for the treatment of bacterial urocystitis.
Dual‐Band Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Based on LC Resonance and Dipolar Response and Its Applications
Authors: Teber Ahmet
Published: December 2023

This study presents a new dual‐band terahertz absorber (DBTA) with ease of production consisting of a metallic base plane of a certain thickness, a dielectric layer on this plane, and a hexagonal metallic metasurface structure. The proposed absorber exhibits absorption band peaks above 99% at two distinct frequencies (7.51 and 8.08 THz). The absorption origin is explained as a dual‐band response using the LC resonance and dipolar response. In this way, the presented absorber facilitates production by improving absorption responses with a much simpler structure, unlike studies with complex geometries. The proposed dual‐band absorber results in sensitivity to the polarization of the incident light. Thus, it also makes the proposed structure very helpful for manipulating wave polarization and detecting waves with particular polarization. The hexagonal structure of the absorber is scaled to millimeter dimensions, and its transformation into another dual‐band absorber that can also operate in microwave frequency regions. Similarly, the hexagonal structure is transformed into a circular structure with the same geometric dimensions, and a different dual‐band absorber is obtained in the terahertz (THz) region. Moreover, the proposed concept can be extended for various applications such as bolometric sensing, thermal imaging, energy harvesting, sensing, and selective thermal emitters.
Restoring the Function of Thalamocortical Circuit Through Correcting Thalamic Kv3.2 Channelopathy Normalizes Fear Extinction Impairments in a PTSD Mouse Model
Authors: Xiao Haoxiang , Xi Kaiwen , Wang Kaifang , Zhou Yongsheng , Dong Baowen , Xie Jinyi , Xie Yuqiao , Zhang Haifeng , Ma Guaiguai , Wang Wenting , Feng Dayun , Guo Baolin , Wu Shengxi
Published: December 2023

Impaired extinction of fear memory is one of the most common symptoms in post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with limited therapeutic strategies due to the poor understanding of its underlying neural substrates. In this study, functional screening is performed and identified hyperactivity in the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) during fear extinction. Furthermore, the encoding patterns of the hyperactivated MD is investigated during persistent fear responses using multiple machine learning algorithms. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is also identified as a functional downstream region of the MD that mediates the extinction of fear memory. The thalamocortical circuit is comprehensively analyzed and found that the MD‐ACC parvalbumin interneurons circuit is preferentially enhanced in PTSD mice, disrupting the local excitatory and inhibitory balance. It is found that decreased phosphorylation of the Kv3.2 channel contributed to the hyperactivated MD, primarily to the malfunctioning thalamocortical circuit. Using a lipid nanoparticle‐based RNA therapy strategy, channelopathy is corrected via a methoxylated siRNA targeting the protein phosphatase 6 catalytic subunit and restored fear memory extinction in PTSD mice. These findings highlight the function of the thalamocortical circuit in PTSD‐related impaired extinction of fear memory and provide therapeutic insights into Kv3.2‐targeted RNA therapy for PTSD.
CoVO3 High‐Pressure Polymorphs: To Order or Not to Order?
Authors: Solana‐Madruga Elena , Mentré Olivier , Tsirlin Alexander A. , Huvé Marielle , Khalyavin Dmitry , Ritter Clemens , Arévalo‐López Angel Moisés
Published: December 2023

Materials properties are determined by their compositions and structures. In ABO3 oxides different cation orderings lead to mainly perovskite‐ or corundum like derivatives with exciting physical properties. Sometimes, a material can be stabilized in more than one structural modification, providing a unique opportunity to explore structure‐properties relationship. Here, CoVO3 obtained in both ilmenite‐(CoVO3‐I) and LiNbO3‐type (CoVO3‐II) polymorphs at moderate (8–12 GPa) and high pressures (22 GPa), respectively are presented. Their distinctive cation distributions affect drastically the magnetic properties as CoVO3‐II shows a cluster‐glass behavior while CoVO3‐I hosts a honeycomb zigzag magnetic structure in the cobalt network. First principles calculations show that the influence of vanadium is crucial for CoVO3‐I, although it is previously considered as non‐magnetic in a dimerized spin‐singlet state. Contrarily, CoVO3‐II shows two independent interpenetrating antiferromagnetic Co‐ and ferromagnetic V‐hcp sublattices, which intrinsically frustrate any possible magnetic order. CoVO3‐II is also remarkable as the first oxide crystallizing with the LiNbO3‐type structure where both metals contain free d electrons. CoVO3 polymorphs pinpoint therefore as well to a much broader phase field of high‐pressure A‐site Cobaltites.
Versatile Deposition of Complex Colloidal Assemblies from the Evaporation of Hanging Drops
Authors: Vialetto Jacopo , Gaichies Théophile , Rudiuk Sergii , Morel Mathieu , Baigl Damien
Published: December 2023

Existing strategies designed to produce ordered arrangements of colloidal particles on solid supports are of great interest for their wide range of applications, from colloidal lithography, plasmonic and biomimetic surfaces to tags for anti‐counterfeiting, but they all share various degrees of complexity hampering their facile implementation. Here, a drastically simplified methodology is presented to achieve ordered particle deposition, consisting in adding micromolar amounts of cationic surfactant to a colloidal suspension drop and let it evaporate in an upside‐down configuration. Confinement at the air/water interface enables particle assembly into monolayers, which are then transferred on the substrate producing highly ordered structures displaying vivid, orientation‐dependent structural colors. The method is compatible with many particle types and substrates, while controlling system parameters allows tuning the deposit size and morphology, from monocrystals to polycrystalline disks and “irises”, from single‐component to crystal alloys with Moiré patterns, demonstrating its practicality for a variety of processes.
Interface Engineering for 3D Printed Energy Storage Materials and Devices
Authors: Bai Jiaxuan , Li Haojie , Vivegananthan Priyanka , Tian Xiaocong , Dong Yifan , Sun Jian , Dai Zhigao , Zhou Kun
Published: December 2023

3D printed energy storage materials and devices (3DP‐ESMDs) have become an emerging and cutting‐edge research branch in advanced energy fields. To achieve satisfactory electrochemical performance, energy storage interfaces play a decisive role in burgeoning ESMD‐based 3D printing. Hence, it is imperative to develop effective interface engineering routes toward desirable 3DP‐ESMDs. In this tutorial review, recent advances in interface engineering for 3DP‐ESMDs are comprehensively provided and in‐depth discussion is offered. To begin with, basic interface engineering principles are introduced. Critical interface engineering strategies including 3D printing‐enabled structural design, composition modification, protective layer design, and 3D printed device optimization are then summarized and illustrated, accompanied by a discussion of pioneering work on 3D printed rechargeable batteries and electrochemical capacitors that has been made through significant interface engineering strategies. Finally, perspectives on interface engineering approaches in future 3DP‐ESMDs are presented.
Rationalizing Performance Losses of Wide Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells Evident in Data from the Perovskite Database
Authors: Suchan Klara , Jacobsson T. Jesper , Rehermann Carolin , Unger Eva L. , Kirchartz Thomas , Wolff Christian M.
Published: December 2023

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have become a widely studied class of semiconductors for various optoelectronic devices. The possibility to tune their bandgap (Eg) over a broad spectral range from 1.2 eV to 3 eV by compositional engineering makes them particularly attractive for light emitting devices and multi‐junction solar cells. In this metadata study, data from Peer‐reviewed publications available in the Perovskite Database (www.perovskitedatabase.com) is used to evaluate the current state of Eg tuning in wide Eg MHP semiconductors. Recent literature on wide Eg MHP semiconductors is examined and the data is extracted and uploaded onto the Perovskite Database. Beyond describing recent highlights and scientific breakthroughs, general trends are drawn from 45,000 individual experimental datasets of MHP solar cell devices. The historical evolution of MHP solar cells is recapitulated, and general conclusions are drawn about the current limits of device performance. Three dominant causes are identified and discussed for the degradation of performance relative to the Shockley‐Queisser (SQ) model's theoretical limit for single‐junction solar cells: 1) energetically mismatched selective transport materials for wide Eg MHPs, 2) lower optoelectronic quality of wide Eg MHP absorbers, and 3) dynamically evolving compositional heterogeneity due to light‐induced phase segregation phenomena.
Critical Problems and Modification Strategies of Realizing High‐Voltage LiCoO2 Cathode from Electrolyte Engineering
Authors: Sun Zhaoyu , Zhao Jingwei , Zhu Min , Liu Jun
Published: December 2023

As the pursuit of greater energy density for the portable battery has stimulated exhaustive research in high‐voltage lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), developing electrolyte additives is considered a cost‐efficient way to improve the performance of the battery. Here, the three interactional issues of LiCoO2 (LCO) batteries in commercial electrolytes at high voltage are summarized, this review first identifies an unavoidable vicious cycle of the commercial electrolyte at high voltage. LCO/electrolyte interphase break, dissolution of transition metal (TM) ions, and formation of harmful HF accelerate the failing progress of the commercial electrolyte at high voltage, besides the malfunction of anode happens at the same time because of electrode crosstalk. Then, the modification of the commercial electrolyte is summarized according to the solutions of this vicious cycle. Last, a framework for future research on high‐voltage LCO batteries is outlined.
Recent Advances and Future Perspectives of Transition Metal‐Supported Carbon with Different Dimensions for Highly Efficient Electrochemical Hydrogen Peroxide Preparation
Authors: Yan Ying‐Yun , Niu Wen‐Jun , Zhao Wei‐Wei , Li Ru‐Ji , Feng Er‐Peng , Yu Bing‐Xin , Chu Bai‐Kun , Cai Chen‐Yu
Published: December 2023

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of the most promising methods to replace the conventional anthraquinone route for the green and facile synthesis of H2O2. Owing to the outstanding electrochemical active surface area and fast charge transfer capability of carbon nanomaterials or nanostructures with different dimensions, such as 1D, 2D, and 3D, various strategies including nanostructure engineering, defect engineering, and interface engineering have been proposed to promote the catalytic activity of carbon‐based catalysts toward two‐electron (2e−) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for H2O2 generation over the past decade. In this review, the latest progress, major achievements, and prospects of the transition metal‐supported carbon with different dimensions for highly efficient electrochemical H2O2 preparation via the 2e− ORR process are summarized. The rational design principles and synthetic strategies of transition metal‐supported carbon are systematically introduced while the representative advances, the identification of active sites, and their possible catalytic mechanisms toward the H2O2 production are discussed. Finally, according to the current development stage and existing shortcomings of 2e– ORR catalysts for H2O2 production, the challenges and prospects of transition metal‐supported carbon with different dimensions are also summarized.