bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dental Caries in Pre-term and Low Birth-weight Children and Related Factors
Authors: Ghasempour M. , Ahmadpour-Kacho M. , Sheikhi S.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of dental caries in three to four-year-old children born pre-term and with a low birth weight (PLBW) to be compared with normal birth-weight children (NBW) and further to investigate the impact of relative risk factors on the development of dental caries in primary teeth.

Methods and Materials

This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted on 90 children (45 PLBW and 45 NBW). The demographic data and information about feeding practices was ascertained using a structured questionnaire. Dental caries status (dmft) was determined, and the differences between the two groups were tested using the Fisher's exact and the Mann-Whitney U tests at a confidence level of 5%.

Results

Twenty-five children (eight PLBW and 17 NBW) were caries free, and the mean±SD dmft was 2.5±0.3 in PLBW and 2.2±0.4 in NBW children (p>0.05). The length of feeding in PLBW children was lower than the NBW group (p>0.05).

Conclusion

The prevalence of dental caries did not differ between the PLBW and NBW children.

Clinical Significance

Enamel hypoplasia and snacking were not common in PLBW children which may account for the lack of difference in dental caries between the two groups.

Citation

Ghasempour M, Ahmadpour-Kacho M, Sheikhi S. Dental Caries in Pre-term and Low Birth-weight Children and Related Factors. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 July; (10)4:051-058.
Palatal and Labially Impacted Maxillary Canine-associated Dental Anomalies: A Comparative Study
Authors: Pai Keerthilatha M. , Nagpal Archna
Published: July 2019

Aim

To determine the association of impacted maxillary canines with other developmental dental anomalies and compare them with a control population and to compare palatally and labially impacted canine associated anomalies.

Methods and Materials

Ninety non-syndromic orthodontic patients from a south Indian population, with either labial or palatal impactions of one or both maxillary canine teeth, were selected for the study group. A group of 250 patients who had normally erupted maxillary canines were selected as controls. Clinical findings and panoramic radiographs were used to identify dental anomalies.

Results

Prevalence of premolar rotation was found to be 80% in the study group followed by canine rotation (20%), taurodontism (26.6%), infraocclusion of premolars (25.5%), impacted mandibular canine (11.1%), and peg lateral (7.7%). Forty-nine (54.4%) palatally impacted, 37 (41.1%) labially impacted, and 4 (4.4%) centrally impacted canines were also observed. Of the 250 subjects in the control group 78.8% presented with premolar rotation. Maxillary canine transmigration, infraocclusion of premolars, anomalies of maxillary lateral incisors, and taurodontism showed significant associations with palatally impacted canines (P<0.05).

Conclusion

The present study illustrates a significant association of anomalous maxillary lateral, anomalous mandibular canine, taurodontism, infra occlusion of premolar, over retained deciduous molar, and maxillary canine transmigration with ectopically placed canines. These associations suggest these conditions may share a common genetic origin and existence of these anomalies can anticipate maxillary canine impaction which can help in cautious observation and early treatment for maxillary canine impaction.

Clinical Significance

Anomalous lateral incisors can serve as a predictor for palatal maxillary canine impaction. These anomalies could serve as an easily recognized, early warning sign for the monitoring of the canine position and timely early referral in appropriate cases.

Citation

Nagpal A, Pai KM, Sharma G. Palatal and Labially Impacted Maxillary Canine-associated Dental Anomalies: A Comparative Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 July; (10)4:067-074.
Dental Treatment Duration as an Indicator of the Behavior of 3- to 9- Year-old Pediatric Patients in Clinical Dental Settings
Authors: Aminabadi Naser Asl , Oskouei Sina Ghertasi , Farahani Ramin Mostofi Zadeh
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the age-specific effect of treatment duration on pediatric patient behavior.

Methods and Materials

A total of 450 children 3 to 9 years of age were allocated into six consecutive age groups (n=75 for each group). All children received dental treatment procedures which included the fabrication of a Type 1 composite resin restoration, then a dental prophylaxis followed by fluoride therapy with each procedure requiring an average of 20 minutes. The children's behavior was evaluated at the end of each treatment period using the sound, eye, and motor (SEM) scale.

Results

The results of a mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated a significant main effect of treatment duration, F (1.69, 255.01) = 188.29, P < 0.001, and of chronological age, F (1, 144) = 115.82, P < 0.001. Moreover, the main effects of time and chronological age was qualified by a significant interaction between time and chronological age, F (8.86, 255.01) = 115.82, P < 0.001. The beta weights (0.64 for age versus 0.44 for time) suggest chronological age contributes the most to predicting the behavior of children during dental treatment followed by the duration of treatment.

Conclusion

Treatment duration may affect the behavior of pediatric patients parallel with chronological age and, thus, should be considered in the arrangement of the treatment plan.

Clinical Significance

The findings of this study suggest appropriate pediatric behavior management should include thoughtful scheduling of appointments according to a treatment plan formulated with consideration of the effects of age and appointment length.

Citation

Aminabadi NA, Oskouei SG, Farahani RMZ. Dental Treatment Duration as an Indicator of the Behavior of 3- to 9-Year-old Pediatric Patients in Clinical Dental Settings. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/dentaltreatment- duration-as-an-indicator-of-thebehaviorof- 3-to-9-year-ol.
Causes and Patterns of Loss of Permanent Teeth among Patients Attending a Dental Teaching Institution in South India
Authors: Anand Pradeep S.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aims of the present study are to determine the causes and pattern of loss of permanent teeth among patients attending a dental teaching institution in southern India.

Methods and Materials

Data collected from patients attending the outpatient wing of the Sri Sankara Dental College, Kerala, during a three month period was used for the study. The cause for extraction was classified as follows: (1) caries and its sequelae, (2) periodontal disease, (3) orthodontic purposes, (4) impactions, (5) prosthodontic purposes, and (6) other reasons.

Results

A total of 1791 permanent teeth were extracted of which 708 (39.5%) teeth were extracted due to caries and its sequelae, 508 (28.4%) due to periodontal disease, 347 (19.4%) for orthodontic purposes, 29 (1.6%) due to impactions, 155 (8.7%) for prosthodontic purposes, and 44 (2.5%) for other reasons.

Conclusion

The results of the present study suggest caries and periodontal disease are the major causes of tooth mortality in the study population.

Clinical Significance

Data regarding the causes of tooth loss indirectly provides invaluable information on the pattern of oral health in a population which can be utilized for planning public health policies designed to address the burden of oral diseases.

Citation

Anand PS, Kuriakose S. Causes and Patterns of Loss of Permanent Teeth among Patients Attending a Dental Teaching Institution in South India. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www. thejcdp.com/journal/view/causes-and-patterns-ofloss- of-permanent-teethamong-patients-attendinga-d.
The Effect of Various Placement Techniques on the Microhardness of Class II (Slot) Resin Composite Restorations
Authors: Moosavi Horieh , Abedini Somayye
Published: July 2019

Aim

To analyze the influence of various placement techniques on Vickers microhardness of Class II cavities restored using resin composite in different depths and layers.

Methods and Materials

Sixty-four standardized Class II cavities (5.0 × 3.0 × 1.5 mm3) were prepared in sound human, maxillary premolars. The cavities were divided into four experimental groups (n=16) according to the composite placement technique used: incremental technique using a Palodent matrix (IP), incremental technique using a transparent matrix (IT), centripetal technique using a Palodent matrix (CP), and the centripetal technique using a transparent matrix (CT). The cavities were restored with Single Bond, Z100 composite resin system. After 24 hours of storage in envelopes in an amber-colored box, the restorations were finished, polished, and kept for one week before conducting a hardness test. The microhardness test was carried out using a 0.5 kg load for 20 seconds at different depths and layers of proximal surfaces. Statistical analysis was done using a t-test, ANOVA, and a Tukey's test (α=0.05)

Results

In contrast, the matrix bands, the methods of composite insertion, had a significant effect on hardness. The greatest surface hardness of resin composite was related to the use of the centripetal technique and a transparent matrix (p<0.05). With regard to cavity depths, the hardness at the top surface was significantly greater, followed by the middle and bottom cavity depths. A greater hardness was obtained in the mesial-distal direction within the external layer compared with the middle and internal layers using the centripetal method (p<0.05).

Conclusion

The kind of matrix and filling technique could have a significant effect on surface microhardness. The top surface had the greatest hardness in comparison to different depths. In the centripetal technique, the external layer of the proximal wall had greater hardness than the other layers.

Clinical Significance

While the microhardness of all of the experimental placement techniques in the different depths and layers was within a clinically acceptable range, the greatest hardness was obtained using the centripetal technique with a transparent matrix, making it the technique of choice.

Citation

Moosavi H, Abedini S. The Effect of Various Placement Techniques on the Microhardness of Class II (Slot) Resin Composite Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www. thejcdp.com/journal/view/theeffect-of-variousplacement- techniques-on-the-microhardness-ofclass-ii.
Effect of Postoperative Bleaching on Marginal Leakage of Resin Composite and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Restorations at Different Delayed Periods of Exposure to Carbamide Peroxide
Authors: Moosavi Horieh , Ghavamnasiri Marjaneh , Manari Vahideh
Published: July 2019

Aim

To evaluate the effect of dental bleaching with carbamide peroxide at different exposure times on the microleakage of resin composite and resin-modified glass ionomer restorations after placement in extracted human teeth.

Methods and Materials

120 Class V cavity preparations were placed at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) of human teeth. Half of the cavities were restored with Filtek P60 resin composite(C) and the other half were restored with Fuji II LC resin-modified glass ionomer (G). Each group was randomly divided into four subgroups (n=15). Groups C1 and G1 were not bleached and stored in artificial saliva at 37°C to serve as control groups, while in Groups C2 and G2, C3 and G3, and C4 and G4 specimens were exposed to a 15% carbamide peroxide gel for one day, one week, and two weeks, respectively, following the placement of restorations. Microleakage was assessed using the dye penetration method. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests (p=0.05).

Results

The Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference among all groups of composite or glass ionomer restorations with either enamel or dentinal margins with regard to microleakage (p>0.05). The Wilcoxon test revealed more marginal leakage in the enamel/ glass ionomer margins than the enamel/ composite margins (p<0.05). In comparisons within each group, the Wilcoxon test showed there was more microleakage in dentinal margins of composite restorations than in the enamel margins in the test groups (p<0.05). The dentinal margins of the glass ionomer in control groups showed more leakage than the enamel margins, but after the bleaching procedure all experimental groups showed statistically similar microleakage in both the enamel and dentinal margins (p>0.05).

Conclusions

Postoperative bleaching with carbamide peroxide could increase microleakage in the dentinal margins of composite and the enamel margins of resin-modified glass ionomer restorations.

Clinical Significance

Rebonding of resin composite restorations should be considered following bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide in order to reseal the margins. Resin-modified glass ionomer is not suitable as a filling material before bleaching because of its susceptibility to increased microleakage.

Citation

Moosavi H, Ghavamnasiri M, Manari V. Effect of Postoperative Bleaching on Marginal Leakage of Resin Composite and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Restorations at Different Delayed Periods of Exposure to Carbamide Peroxide. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Nov; 10(6):009-016. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume10-issue6-moosavi.
Adhesive Bond Strengths Using Self- and Light-Cured Composites
Authors: Walter Ricardo , Macedo Georgia V. , Oliveira Gustavo M. S. , Swift Edward J.
Published: July 2019

Aim

To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of four adhesive systems to dentin, using self- and light-cured resin composites.

Methods and Materials

Crowns of human molars were separated from the roots, and the occlusal surfaces were ground to obtain flat superficial dentin. Three etch-and-rinse adhesives—All-Bond 2, One-Step Plus, and OptiBond Solo Plus—and one self-etching primer system, Peak SE, were evaluated. Each adhesive group was divided into two subgroups according to the type of resin composite used. A self-cured (Bisfil 2B) or light-cured (Filtek Supreme Plus) resin composite build-up was incrementally inserted to the dentin after each adhesive system was applied. The bonded specimens were stored in water for 24 h and sectioned into beams. Microtensile testing was done, and the data were subjected to ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD test.

Results

The μTBS of All-Bond 2 and One- Step Plus was not affected by the type of resin composite used (p=0.3131 and p=0.1562, respectively). The μTBS of OptiBond Solo Plus was significantly reduced when used with selfcured resin composite (p<0.0001). Peak SE formed no bond of self-cured resin composite to dentin.

Conclusions

Some adhesives do not effectively bond self-cured resin composite to dentin.

Clinical Significance

Incompatibility between adhesives with low pH and certain self-cured resin composites can cause clinical debonding of restorations.

Citation

Walter R, Macedo GV, Oliveira GMS, Swift Jr EJ. Adhesive Bond Strengths Using Self- and Light-Cured Composites. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Nov; 10(6):025-032. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume10-issue6-walter.
Relationship Between Patients’ Oral Health–Related Quality of Life, Satisfaction with Dentition, and Personality Profiles
Authors: AL-Omiri Mahmoud K , Al Quran Firas A. M. , Al-Hamad Khaled Q. , Karasneh Jumana
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between patients’ oral health–related quality of life, satisfaction with their dentition, and their personality profiles.

Methods and Materials

Eighty-four patients (30 males and 54 females; mean age 31.9±12.7 years) seeking routine dental treatment were recruited for this study. A “Dental Impact on Daily Living” (DIDL) questionnaire was used to assess dental satisfaction and impact on daily living. An “Oral Health Impact Profile” (OHIP) was used to measure self-reported discomfort, disability, and dysfunction caused by oral conditions. Oral health–related quality of life was assessed using the “United Kingdom Oral Health Related Quality of Life” measure (OHQoL-U.K). A “NEO Five Factor inventory” (NEO-FFI) was used to assess personality profiles.

Results

The dentition has a measurable impact on daily living as well as with satisfaction with appearance, pain levels, oral comfort, general performance, and eating capability (p=0.000). Younger patients had more profound oral health impacts (p=0.045) and higher neuroticism scores (0.043). OHIP scores were significantly related to OHQoL-UK scores (p=0.000). DIDL scores had significant correlations with OHIP and OHQoLUK scores (p<0.05). Significant correlations were established between neuroticism and satisfaction with oral comfort, extraversion and total satisfaction and satisfaction with general performance, and openness and satisfaction with appearance (p<0.05). OHIP and OHQoLUK scores had no significant correlations with psychological profiles.

Conclusions

The status of the oral cavity can have a definitive impact on patients’ daily living and quality of life regardless age, gender, and level of education. Patients’ satisfaction with their dentition has definitive impacts on daily living, quality of life, and dental perceptions. Personality profiles (neuroticism; extraversion, and openness) may influence dental perceptions, play a significant role in shaping satisfaction with dentition, and help with the prediction of the dental impact on daily living.

Clinical Significance

Since patients’ satisfaction with their dentitions impacts their daily living and quality of life while affected by their psychological profiles, this should be considered when formulating a treatment plan for management for their dentition in order to obtain patient acceptance of the proposed treatment.

Citation

Karasneh J, Al-Omiri MK, Al-Hamad KQ, Al Quran FAM. Relationship Between Patients’ Oral Health–Related Quality of Life, Satisfaction with Dentition, and Personality Profiles. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Nov; 10(6):049-056. Available from: http://www. thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume10-issue6- karasneh.
A New Concept in Restorative Dentistry: Light-Induced Fluorescence Evaluator for Diagnosis and Treatment: Part 1 – Diagnosis and Treatment of Initial Occlusal Caries
Authors: Tassery Hervé , Koubi Stephen , Terrer Elodie , Dionne Alexandro , Weisrock Gauthier , Sarraquigne Caroline , Mazuir Alain
Published: July 2019

Aim

The objective of this in vivo experiment is to propose an innovative therapeutic concept using a light-induced fluorescence evaluator for diagnosis and treatment (LIFEDT) that is based on the imaging and autofluorescence of dental tissues.

Background

Processes with the aim of diagnosing carious lesions in the initial stage with optimum sensitivity and specificity employ a wide variety of technologies, but like the conventional diagnosis tools, they remain either inefficient or too subjective.

Technique

This experiment evaluated a fluorescence light-induced camera that illuminates tooth surfaces within an excitation radiation band of light with a wavelength of 450 nm and facilitates a high magnification image.

Conclusions

An analysis of 50 occlusal grooves revealed three clinical forms of enamel caries: (1) enamel caries on the surface, (2) suspicious grooves with a positive autofluorescent red signal, and (3) suspicious grooves with a neutral fluorescent dark signal. Two decision-making diagrams were proposed in accordance with international recommendations for preventive dentistry, but modified as a result of the accurate information obtained with this new LIFEDT device.

Clinical Significance

The lighting of suspect occlusal grooves with the SoproLife® camera enables observation of any variations in the optical properties to refine a caries diagnosis and facilitates more than a 50x magnification of occlusal groove anatomy to provide additional information on the carious potential of the tooth surface.

Citation

Terrer E, Koubi S, Dionne A, Weisrock G, Sarraquigne C, Mazuir A, Tassery H. A New Concept in Restorative Dentistry: Light-Induced Fluorescence Evaluator for Diagnosis and Treatment: Part 1 – Diagnosis and Treatment of Initial Occlusal Caries. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Nov; 10(6):086-094. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ volume10-issue6-terrer.
Evaluation of Bonded Orthodontics Brackets Using Different Adhesive Systems after a Cariogenic Challenge
Authors: Martins Luís Roberto Marcondes , Filho Mario Vedovello , Martins Suzy H. A. , Valdrighi Heloísa C. , Vedovello Silvia Amélia S. , Kuramae Mayury , Lucato Adriana Simoni , Boeck Eloisa Marcantonio
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevention of enamel demineralization and the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded with fluoride and no fluoride conventional and selfetching adhesives and to analyze the characteristics of enamel near the bond area using a polarized light microscope (PLM) following demineralization and remineralization cycling (Des Re).

Methods and Materials

Fifty bovine incisors were selected and divided into five groups according to the adhesive system used during the bonding process: G1, Transbond™ XT Adhesive; G2, Single Bond 2 Adhesive; G3, Optibond Solo Plus; G4, Clearfil SE Bond; and G5, Clearfil Protect Bond. Transbond™ XT was used to fix the brackets to the teeth in all groups. After bonding, the groups were separated into cycling and control subgroups. The specimens were submitted to SBS testing and evaluated under a PLM. The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests (p<.05).

Results

There were no significant differences for SBS after Des-Re cycling. The Clearfil Protect Bond showed the SBS to be statistically lower than the other adhesives used for the control groups. After a cariogenic challenge, the Single Bond adhesive showed an SBS significantly lower than Transbond XT. The Des-Re cycling increased the enamel demineralization induced after the cariogenic challenge.

Conclusions

The cariogenic challenge did not reduce the SBS. Optibond Solo Plus and Transbond™ XT adhesives presented the highest SBS while Clearfil Protect Bond had the lowest. The PLM showed that the cariogenic challenge increased the enamel demineralization for all adhesives evaluated, independent of the presence of fluoride.

Clinical Significance

An alternative material with the ability to prevent enamel demineralization should be used in orthodontic patients due to the higher accumulation of plaque around orthodontic brackets.

Citation

Filho MV, Martins SHA, Valdrighi HC, Vedovello SAS, Kuramae M, Lucato AS, Boeck EM, Martins LRM. Evaluation of Bonded Orthodontics Brackets Using Different Adhesive Systems after a Cariogenic Challenge. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 Jan; 11(1):041-048. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume11-issue1-filho.
Porcelain Fused to Metal Crown as an Abutment of a Metal-Ceramic Resin-Bonded Fixed Partial Denture: A Clinical Report
Authors: Maleknejad Fatemeh , Ghavamnasiri Marjaneh , Modabber Maryam
Published: July 2019

Aim

This clinical report describes a conventional resin-based fixed partial denture for a 42-yearold woman to close an edentulous space in the region of the second maxillary premolar. While the first maxillary molar had been crowned with porcelain fused to metal (PFM) system 10 years ago and the first premolar was intact and sound except for a small carious lesion in the distal aspect. The essential clinical and laboratory procedures are illustrated.

Background

Multiple clinical studies document excellent long-term success of resin-bonded fixed partial dentures. In the 1970s, the Rochette resin-bonded fixed partial denture (RBFPD) was introduced. Next, to enhance retention and resistance form of posterior RBFPD preparation of parallel guide surfaces on the interproximal aspects of the adjacent teeth along with rests on the occlusal aspects to counteract dislodging forces was recommended.

Report

A 42-year-old woman presented with an extracted left maxillary second premolar. The first maxillary molar had been crowned 10 years ago and the first premolar had a small carious lesion in the mid distal of proximal aspect. To eliminate unnecessary cutting of the PFM of the first molar and crown preparation of the first maxillary premolar, the use of RBFPD was suggested and accepted by the patient.

This clinical report described the indication, the selection of a PFM-crowned abutment, and clinical procedures involved in the fabrication of RBFPD that provided a conservative solution for replacement of one posterior tooth.

Clinical Significance

RBFPDs can be used successfully in both the anterior and the posterior regions of the mouth to replace one or two missing teeth. However, the survival rate of RBFPDs is still considerably less than that of conventional fixed partial dentures. The principal reason for failure is debonding of the framework from the abutment tooth. The selection of nonmobile abutment teeth, the preparation design that enhances retention and resistance form, and the tooth bonding technique are critical for success.

Citation

Ghavamnasiri M, Maleknejad F, Modabber M. Porcelain Fused to Metal Crown as an Abutment of a Metal-Ceramic Resin- Bonded Fixed Partial Denture: A Clinical Report. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 March; 11(2):064-070. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue2-ghavamnasiri.
Gingival Abscess Due to an Unusual Nail-Biting Habit: A Case Report
Authors: Sousa Denise , Pinto Daniela , Araujo Rebecca , Rego Rodrigo Otavio , Moreira-Neto Jose
Published: July 2019

Aim

Nail-biting is one of the most frequent deleterious oral habits in children. It can result in systemic diseases or oral traumatic lesion. This report describes a case of gingival abscess in a child due to a fingernail-biting habit.

Case Description

A 5-year, 6-month-old female presented gingival swelling and fistula in the primary maxillary left central and right lateral incisors as an unusual sequelae to the periodontal tissues from fingernail-biting. A periodontal curette was used to remove the fragments and to curette the area. After the curettage, an exudate of blood and pus was drained. Then the area was irrigated with 0.12% chlorhexidine solution; applying finger pressure controlled the secretion. After one week, the patient returned with gingival swelling present in the same teeth. The same curettage procedure was performed. It was suggested that the deleterious habit was related to emotional tension and anxiety behaviors and the patient was referred for psychological treatment. When the patient returned one month later, she was still biting her fingernails, but she had stopped placing fragments into the gingival crevice. No more gingival inflammation or swelling was observed.

This paper presents an unusual case report of a gingival abscess due to a fingernailbiting habit in a child, probably related to an emotional condition.

Clinical Significance

The fingernail-biting habit can induce a periodontal traumatic injury yielding a more serious complication such as a gingival abscess.

Citation

Sousa D, Pinto D, Araujo R, Rego RO, Moreira-Neto J. Gingival Abscess Due to an Unusual Nail-Biting Habit: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 March; 11(2):085-091. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue2-rego.
The Association between Current Low-Dose Oral Contraceptive Pills and Periodontal Health: A Matched-Case-Control Study
Authors: Moeintaghavi Amir , Haerian-ardakani Ahmad , Talebi-Ardakani Mahammadreza Reza , Sohrabi Keyvan , Bahmani Shahin , Dargahi Maede
Published: July 2019

Aim

This study assessed the influence of current oral contraceptive pills on periodontal health in young females.

Methods and Materials

Seventy women ranging in age from 17 to 35 years (mean 24 years) had a comprehensive periodontal examination. Their current and previous oral contraceptive pill use was assessed by a questionnaire. A periodontal assessment was performed that included recording the following: plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and attachment level at six sites per tooth. The periodontal health of women taking birth control pills for at least two years was compared to that of women not taking an oral contraceptive. The control and test groups were matched for socioeconomic status, age, oral habits, occupation, and educational levels.

Results

Although there was no difference in plaque index levels between the two groups, current oral contraceptive pill users had higher levels of gingival inflammation and bleeding on probing. However, no significant differences were found regarding mean probing depths and attachment loss between the two groups.

Conclusion

Women who were on oral contraceptive pills had more extensive gingivitis and gingival bleeding than their matched controls not taking them.

Clinical Significance

As birth control policies are advocated by most countries, and because oral contraceptives are the most widely used method for birth control, a need exists to assess the effects of oral contraceptives on the periodontal health of young women. Although additional studies are needed to better understand the mechanism of OC-induced gingivitis, female patients should be informed of the oral and periodontal side effects of OCs and the need for meticulous home care and compliance with periodontal maintenance.
Unusual Gingival Enlargement with Aggressive Periodontitis: A Case Report
Authors: Vishnoi Shivlal L. , Phadnaik Mangesh B.
Published: July 2019

Aim

This article describes the surgical management of a young, female patient with severe gingival enlargement of unknown etiology.

Background

Gingival enlargement frequently occurs as gingival hyperplasia, representing a reaction to a known stimulus or agent and, histopathologically, implies an increase in both extracellular matrix and cell numbers. The enlargement may range from mild, in which gingival architecture is minimally affected, to severe, in which the gingiva becomes bulbous and covers the clinical crowns of teeth. A number of local and systemic factors, such as plaque, hormonal changes, drug ingestion, and heredity, can cause or influence gingival enlargement. Mild to moderate increase in gingival bulk is relatively common, but massive gingival enlargement with associated bone resorption is rare.

Case Description

This case involved a 19-yearold female patient who presented with generalized severe gingival enlargement with aggressive periodontitis, a condition of some five to six months in duration.

Results

Based on a thorough clinical and radiographic examination, laboratory tests, and oral hygiene instructions, an internal bevel gingivectomy was performed to remove excess gingival tissue and areas of bone loss were debrided properly. There was no recurrence eight months following the last surgery.

Although we were not able to identify the exact cause of the gingival enlargement, amelioration of the unusual very soft, friable, enlarged gingivae and the severe periodontal attachment loss was observed.

Clinical Significance

Before initiating any periodontal management of a case of severe gingival enlargement with aggressive periodontitis, it is recommended to perform a complete extraoral and intraoral examination with radiographs, take a family and medical history, and determine if any medications may be responsible for the gingival enlargement. Additional testing and analysis, as described in this case, may be necessary.

Citation

Vishnoi SL, Phadnaik MB. Unusual Gingival Enlargement with Aggressive Periodontitis: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 May; 11(3):049-055. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume11-issue3-vishnoi.
Evaluation of Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with Diabetes: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Gupta Satish , Bhongade Manohar L. , Deo Vikas , Jaiswal Ritika
Published: July 2019

Aim

Diabetic patients have more severe periodontal destruction, but periodontal therapy can improve metabolic control. Recently, interest has focused on the use of subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD) as a treatment paradigm. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate clinical efficacy of SDD with scaling and root planning (SRP) in chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes.

Methods and Materials

Twenty chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus were randomly allocated to either a test and a control group. Clinical measurements were recorded at baseline and at six months for probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession (GR). After SRP, patients in the test group were instructed to take SDD 20-mg capsules twice a day while patients in the control group took a placebo twice a day. Both groups were on this regimen for a six-month period.

Results

A greater reduction in mean PPD was demonstrated in patients in the test group compared to the control group. The mean CAL increase observed in the test group was significantly greater (0.67 mm) than that in the control group.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that SRP, in conjunction with the SDD therapy described, is more effective then SRP alone in terms of CAL gain and PPD reduction in diabetic patients with severe periodontal disease.

Clinical Significance

Given the widespread prevalence of both chronic periodontitis and diabetes, the proposed treatment approach will prove to be of great value and contribute significantly to the overall health of the patients.

Citation

Deo V, Gupta S, Bhongade ML, Jaiswal R. Evaluation of Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with Diabetes: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 May; 11(3):009-016. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11- issue3-deo.
Management of Aphthous Ulceration with Topical Quercetin: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hamdy Ahmed Abd El-Meguid Mostafa , Ibrahem Mohamed Abd El-Moneam
Published: July 2019

Aim

Recurrent aphthous ulceration is the most commonly known oral mucosal disease. Quercetin is a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of colitis and gastric ulcer. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of topical application of quercetin in the treatment of minor aphthous ulcers.

Methods and Materials

Forty male patients with no known pathology of the oral mucosa other than minor aphthous ulcers were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups, each consisting of 20 patients. Group 1 (control group) patients used a benzydamine hydrochloride mouthwash three times daily. Group 2 patients placed two to three dabs of quercetin three times daily directly on their ulcers. Clinical evaluation of patients included assessment of ulcer size, pain measure, and interviews regarding the topical application of quercetin in terms of consistency, taste, local tolerability, and ease of application.

Results

The topical application of quercetin cream to minor mouth ulcers relieved pain and produced complete healing in seven of the Group 2 patients (35 percent) in 2–4 days, 18 patients (90 percent) in 4–7 days, and 20 patients (100 percent) in 7–10 days. When comparing the mean ulcer size after 10 days, lesions in the Group 2 patients were smaller than those in Group 1, and the size difference between the two groups was significantly different (p<0.004). Also, 90 percent of patients responded that they appreciated the ease of application when using the topical quercetin, and they did not object to its consistency or taste.

Conclusion

Quercetin is a safe, well-tolerated, and highly effective promising new, adjunctive treatment for healing common aphthous ulcers.

Clinical Significance

Although aphthous ulcers typically resolve on their own in one to two weeks, the daily topical application of quercetin may be useful in accelerating the healing process of minor aphthous ulcers.

Citation

Hamdy AAEM, Ibrahem MAE. Management of Aphthous Ulceration with Topical Quercetin: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):009-016. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue4-hamdy
Temporomandibular Disorders: A Report of 124 Patients
Authors: Martins-Junior Reynaldo Leite , Palma Antonio Jose Garcia , Marquardt Emilio Jose , de Barros Gondin Thais Monteiro , de Carvalho Kerber Florence
Published: July 2019

Aim

This study aims to present both the features of 124 consecutive patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and the results of a reversible, conservative, and low-tech treatment.

Methods and Materials

One hundred fifty-eight records of consecutive patients treated in School of Dentistry at the Univag-University Center in Varzea Grande-MT, Brazil, 124 of whom were considered TMD patients, were examined. The following data were obtained: gender, age, main complaint, diagnosis, co-morbidities, type of treatment performed, and treatment results. The patients who received a successful treatment were contacted for reevaluation four to six years after the conclusion of treatment.

Results

Pain was the main complaint for 92.7 percent of the patients. The majority of patients were female (female:male ratio of 4.1 :1), with a peak age range between 20 and 30 years. Roughly 59.7 percent of the patients were diagnosed as having a muscular TMD, 12.9 percent as an articular TMD, and 27.4 percent as a mixed TMD. The success rate for treatment was 91.7 percent, and there was a tendency toward the long-term maintenance of good results.

Conclusion

The features of the 124 TMD patients treated were similar to those reported in the literature with regard to gender, age, and diagnostic prevalence. Most of the disorders were of a muscular origin, and there was a predominance of women between 20 and 30 years of age. The conservative, reversible, and low-tech treatment success rate for TMD can reach values above 90 percent. Therefore, there is no need for invasive, irreversible, expensive, or high-tech treatments for the majority of patients.

Clinical Significance

The majority of TMD patients can benefit from reversible, conservative, and low-tech treatments such as parafunction control and therapeutic exercises that can be performed by any clinician once an accurate diagnosis has been made.

Citation

Martins-Junior RL, Palma AJG, Marquardt EJ, Gondin TMB, Kerber FC. Temporomandibular disorders: A report of 124 Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 201 O October; 11 (5):071-078. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11- issue5-martins-junior
The Effect of a 16% Carbamide Peroxide Gel on Mercury and Silver Ion Release from Admixed and Spherical Dental Amalgams
Authors: Kasraei Shahin , Rezaei-Soufi Loghman , Azarsina Mohaddese
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 16 percent carbamide peroxide gel on mercury and silver ions released from admixed and spherical dental amalgams.

Methods and Materials

A total of 96 amalgam discs were prepared from two different types and brands of dental amalgam (admixed and spherical). The samples were stored at room temperature in glass tubes containing distilled water for 24 hours. The specimens were then polished and again immersed in distilled water at room temperature and stored for one month. Samples of both types of dental amalgam were treated with carbamide peroxide 16 percent gel (Nite White, Discus Dental, Inc., Culver City, CA, USA) for 14 and 28 hours (experimental group) and compared to samples not exposed to the bleaching agent but stored continuously in distilled water. Mercury and silver levels of each solution were measured using the VAV–440 analyzer system.

Results

Mercury and silver ions released from the experimental group were significantly greater than from the control group (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the mean levels of mercury and silver ions in the two kinds of amalgams after treatment with 16 percent carbamide peroxide (p=0.119 for mercury and p=0.199 for silver). Increasing the storage time in the carbamide peroxide gel from 14 to 28 hours did not result in significant changes in the amount of ions released (p=0.329 for mercury and p=0.082 for silver). Also, the interaction effect between amalgam particles’ shape (admixed and spherical) versus storage time (14 versus 28 hours) was not statistically significant (p=0.901 for mercury and p=0.951 for silver).

Conclusion

Treatment with 16 percent carbamide peroxide gel increased mercury and silver ions released from admixed and spherical amalgams, compared to samples in the control group, but the difference between the two amalgams was not statistically significant.

Clinical Significance

The amount of mercury and silver ions released from high-copper dental amalgams during bleaching with 16 percent carbamide peroxide is in the safe range of mercury intake for patients.

Citation

Kasraei S, Rezaei-Soufi L, Azarsina, M. The Effect of a 16% Carbamide Peroxide Gel on Mercury and Silver Ion Release from Admixed and Spherical Dental Amalgams. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 December; 11(6):009-016. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume11-issue6-rezaeisoufi
The Influence of Cervical Preflaring of Root Canal on Determination of Initial Apical File using Gates Glidden Drills, Protaper, Race and Diamond-Coated Galaxy Files
Authors: Ashwini TS , Bhandari Sonam
Published: July 2019

Aim

To investigate the influence of cervical preflaring on apical file size determination using four different rotary instruments.

Materials and methods

Fifty root canals from extracted human maxillary premolars with complete root formation, straight roots were used for the study. Access opening was done and the working length established with 8 no K-file for each canal. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups of 10 canals. In Group 1- no preflaring was done and acted as control and in Groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 cervical and middle third preflaring of the root canals were done using Gates Glidden drills, Protaper instruments, Race instruments and Galaxy files respectively.

After preflaring, the apical file size determination was done and the initial apical file (IAF) was fixed at the working length. Teeth were sectioned transversally 1 mm from the apex, with the binding file in position. The samples were imaged under stereomicroscope with 30× magnification. Root canal and file maximum diameters were recorded for each sample. The readings were subjected to analysis of variance test and Scheffe's multiple comparison test.

Results

Preflaring with Race instruments lead to most accurate determination of the IAF. It was followed by Protaper, Galaxy files and Gates Glidden drills.

Conclusion

Traditional method of apical size determination may lead to a substantial underestimation of actual canal size. Cervical preflaring increases the accuracy of apical size determination.

Clinical significance

Thus, cervical preflaring is recommended before selection of IAF as it increases the accuracy of apical size determination.

How to cite this article

Ashwini TS, Bhandari S. The Influence of Cervical Preflaring of Root Canal on Determination of Initial Apical File using Gates Glidden Drills, Protaper, Race and Diamond-Coated Galaxy Files. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012; 13(4):554-558.
The Effect of EDTA on the Attachment and Growth of Cultured Human Gingival Fibroblasts on Periodontitis-Affected Root Surface
Authors: Babay Nadir
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effects of 5% and 24% EDTA on the attachment of gingival fibroblasts to periodontally diseased root surfaces. A flat root surface was created on human teeth that were extracted due to severe periodontitis. The teeth were etched with the following concentrations of etylediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for two minutes: 5% (group I) and 24% (group II). Group III was soaked in saline and served as a control. The specimens and fibroblasts were incubated in a culture medium for 24 hours each day for one and two weeks and photographed using scanning electron microscopy. Each specimen was examined for the migration of cells into the etched and nonetched root surface. No fibroblasts could be detected on the saline groups. More fibroblasts could attach to the surface treated with 24% EDTA than with 5% EDTA. It was concluded that supersaturated EDTA at 24% enhances the attachment of gingival fibroblasts to the root surface.
Four-Handed Dentistry: Instrument Transfer
Authors: Finkbeiner Betty Ladley
Published: July 2019

The efficient exchange of instruments between the operator and the dental assistant is fundamental to the facilitation of an efficient and stress-free dental practice. This requires a commitment on the part of the members of the operating team to specific work practices before and during a dental procedure. The objectives of this article include the description of team member responsibilities during an instrument transfer and the identification of the benefits of a proper instrument transfer technique. Objectives also include specific instrument grasps and descriptions of transfer methods that require practice on the part of the operating team in order to attain proficiency.
Importance of Nutrition for Optimum Health of the Periodontium
Authors: Boyd Linda D. , Lampi Kirsten J.
Published: July 2019

As dental professionals become increasingly aware of the association between systemic and oral health, the importance of addressing systemic nutrition issues takes on a new urgency. Nutrition is one of the modifiable factors that impact the host's immune response and the integrity of the hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. While nutrient deficiencies are rare in the general population of the United States, there are patient populations at high risk for nutritional inadequacies. Many of these medically compromised people are seen in dental practices on a daily basis. This article will also offer some basic recommendations for nutrition counseling.
One Step at a Time: A Game Plan for Success
Authors: Schvvartz Steven
Published: July 2019

Personal success is more likely to occur if individuals establish a concise action plan for achieving their goals. The action plan needs to be in writing, and it should include specific goals, success values, the tasks required to reach the goals, and the intended dates of completion of each task and goal. Goal setting can be accomplished through mental visualization of the goal. A method for creating an action plan is presented in this article.
Counseling and Treating Bad Breath Patients: A Step-By-Step Approach
Authors: Bakdash Bashar , Lenton Patricia A. , Majerus Georgia
Published: July 2019

Bad breath (oral malodor, halitosis) can be detrimental to one's self-image and confidence causing social, emotional, and psychological anxiety. With the majority of breath problems having an oral origin, the dental office is the most logical place for patients to seek treatment. When patients look to dental professionals for expert advice, it is critical they have the knowledge base and communication techniques to provide quality clinical assessment and implement effective intervention programs. Moreover, dental professionals should feel comfortable proactively counseling patients about oralmalodor without fear of offending the patient. Numerous continuing education programs and journalarticles related to the diagnosis and treatment of oral malodor are available. In addition, electronic sources are accessible for dental professionals to expand their knowledge base regarding oral malodor information. Fewer resources are available, however, regarding techniques to facilitate an effective dialogue with patients on this sensitive issue. This article seeks to provide such information and to helpprofessionals tailor the target communication message to meet the specific needs of individual patients.