bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Importance of High Crude Fibre Insect Frass for Effective Alleviation of Ammonium (NH4+) Toxicity and Optimal Growth of the Short-Term Vegetable, Amaranthus tricolor
Authors: Shahbuddin Dahlia , Othman Ansaruddin , Ahmad Khair Ahmad Bukhary
Published: April 2023

This study focused on the efficacy of the fecal matter component from insect-derived frass containing high total crude fibre (TCF) for the effective alleviation of ammonium (NH4+) toxicity in short-term vegetables. Two types of insect-derived frass, bred from different feeding substrates, the black soldier fly (BSF) larvae, Hermetia illucens, known as the BSF frass (BSFF), and the common house cricket (CHC), Acheta domesticus, of both adults and nymphal instars, known as CHC frass (CHCF). The short-term vegetable, Amaranthus tricolor, was chosen as the test crop. A total of 200 A. tricolor vegetable seedlings were tested, with five experimental replicates, each with 10 A. tricolor seedlings set following completely randomized design, each for the different fertilizer treatments, BSFF fertilizer, CHCF fertilizer, NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer as the positive control, and no fertilizer as the negative control, pre-prepared in the form of soil–fertilizer mixtures, applied following the rate of 120 kg N ha−1. Comparatively, BSFF fecal matter component recorded lower rates of decomposition of total organic matter (TOM), total organic carbon (TOC), and organic nitrogen (ON) but with a higher rate of TCF decomposition, contrary to CHCF with higher rates of decomposition of TOM, TOC, ON, and a lower rate of TCF decomposition. Additionally, the rates of ON decomposition to NH4+ and NH4+ uptake were lower for BSFF compared to CHCF. The ratio rates of TOM-TCF (22:31), TOM-ON (22:02), TOC-TCF (30:31), and TOC-ON (30:02) for BSFF recorded the highest difference, compared to CHCF with a lower difference of ratio rates; TOM-TCF (36:21), TOM-ON (36:13), TOC-TCF (38:21), and TOC-ON (38:13). The alleviation of NH4+ toxicity for short-term vegetables with high sensitivity toward excessive NH4+ uptake could only be effectively alleviated with high TCF fecal matter component of the frass, increasing decomposition toward the TCF element and reduced decomposition on the organic N element of the frass’ fecal matter.
Inhibitory Effects of Nipa Palm Vinegar on the Carbohydrate Hydrolysing Enzymes
Authors: Farjana Yasmin Farjana Yasmin , Meyyammai Swaminathan , Abd Razak Khairul Niza , Abdul Samad Nozlena , Tri Widyawati Tri Widyawati , Yusoff Nor Adlin
Published: April 2023

Nipa palm vinegar has been traditionally used to manage blood glucose levels by diabetic patients in Southeast Asia. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of nipa palm vinegar in inhibiting the activity of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase. In vitro spectrophotometric assays were used to evaluate the inhibitory activity of nipa palm activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase. To confirm the in vitro findings, an oral starch tolerance test in the normoglycemic Sprague Dawley rat was conducted. Acarbose was used as the positive control for both tests. Nipa palm vinegar at a concentration ranging from 4000 to 62.5 mg/mL inhibited the activity of α-glucosidase and α-amylase in a concentration-dependent manner with the respective IC50 values of 144.50 ± 1.1 mg/mL and 90.30 ± 1.7 mg/mL. It also exerted uncompetitive inhibition against α-glucosidase and competitive inhibition towards α-amylase. In vivo oral starch tolerance test showed a significant (p < 0.05) postprandial glucose-lowering effect of nipa palm vinegar at the doses of 2 mL/kg and 1 mL/kg body weight as compared to the control. In a conclusion, this study demonstrated that nipa palm vinegar suppressed the rise in postprandial glucose levels partly by inhibiting the activity of digestive enzymes.
Neuroprotective Effects of Ocimum basilicum L. var. thyrsiflora on Scopolamine-Induced Non-Spatial Memory Deficits in Rats
Authors: Yaakob Nor Syafinaz , Seyed Mohamed Ali , Mohd-Zahid Manali Haniti , Tee Heng-Hui , Yap Shu-Yun , Ho Sek-Wen , Kamisah Yusof , Azmi Norazrina
Published: April 2023

Pharmacological studies indicated that Ocimum basilicum L. var. thyrsiflora has numerous therapeutic potentials. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective action of O. basilicum leaf extract against scopolamine-induced non-spatial memory deficits in rats and to determine the changes in mRNA expressions of genes implicated in cognition and neuroprotection. O. basilicum leaves were extracted with 80% ethanol and verified for the presence of rosmarinic acid using high performance liquid chromatography method. Male Wistar rats were treated orally with either O. basilicum or the positive control piracetam for 14 days prior to the injection of 0.5 mg/kg scopolamine on the day of the novel object discrimination (NOD) test. Hippocampi were collected at the end of the test. mRNA expression of nicotinic acetylcholine α7 subunit (NA7), muscarinic M1 receptor (M1), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A (HTR3A) genes in the hippocampi were analyzed using qPCR method. The presence of rosmarinic acid in the plant extract was detected at chromatogram peak of Rt=16.891. NOD test results indicated that the lower dose of O. basilicum (200 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) reversed scopolamine-induced memory deficits in rats similar to the effects of piracetam. In addition, O. basilicum at the same dose alleviated the increase in mRNA expressions of the NA7, M1, nNOS, and HTR3A genes induced by scopolamine. The present findings suggest that O. basilicum is potentially neuroprotective in preventing memory impairment through alleviation of scopolamine-induced changes in hippocampal mRNA expression implicated in cognition and neuroprotection.
The Establishment of In Vitro Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons
Authors: Mohd Idris Izyan , Nordin Fazlina , Muhamad Nur Jannaim , Abdul Jalil Julaina , Amin Nordin Fatimah Diana , Mohamed Rosnani , Mat Ripen Adiratna , Gee Jun Tye , Wan Kamarul Zaman Wan Safwani , Yazid Muhammad Dain , Ng Min Hwei
Published: April 2023

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been generated using different reprogramming strategies. Lentiviruses remain a strategic method for cell reprogramming as it is highly efficient in gene transfer. The latest fourth-generation lentiviral packaging systems claimed to be efficient and safe. However, modifications made to enhance safety of lentiviral vectors have been shown to affect vector performance. In this study, we established that the fourth-generation lentiviral packaging system can produce high-titre lentiviruses with high-transduction efficiencies. Subsequently, the robustness and reproducibility of generating iPSCs from adult human dermal fibroblasts were tested using these lentiviruses. The use of fourth-generation lentiviruses consistently generates iPSCs with similar efficiency and quality in different primary cell lines. This study demonstrated that the human-derived iPSCs can be maintained using mitomycin-C inactivated feeder cells. The iPSC clones highly expressed key pluripotency markers and can spontaneously differentiate into cells from the three embryonic germ layers. The iPSCs generated were able to differentiate into neural stem cell lineages, producing cells expressing Nestin and Sox2 as well as able to further differentiate into neurons with more than 70% efficiency. The data demonstrated that the use of the fourth-generation lentiviral packaging to produce lentiviruses for iPSCs generation is robust and reproducible as it can generate iPSCs from different adult dermal fibroblasts with the potential to differentiate into neural stem cells and neurons. The use of safer lentiviral packaging systems combined with established vector plasmids will help to expedite the generation of iPSCs for clinical applications.
Hybrid Lee-Carter Model with Adaptive Network of Fuzzy Inference System and Wavelet Functions
Authors: Jaber Jamil J. , Yaacob Nurul Aityqah , Alwadi Sadam
Published: April 2023

Mortality studies are essential in determining the health status and demographic composition of a population. The Lee–Carter (LC) modelling framework is extended to incorporate the macroeconomic variables that affect mortality, especially in forecasting. This paper makes several major contributions. First, a new model (LC-WT-ANFIS) employing the adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was proposed in conjunction with a nonlinear spectral model of maximum overlapping discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) that includes five mathematical functions, namely, Haar, Daubechies (d4), least square (la8), best localization (bl14), and Coiflet (c6) to enhance the forecasting accuracy of the LC model. Annual mortality data was collected from five countries (Australia, England, France, Japan, and the USA) from 1950 to 2016. Second, we selected gross domestic product (GDP), unemployment rate (UR), and inflation rate (IF) as input values according to correlation and multiple regressions. The input variables in this study were obtained from the World Bank and Datastream. The output variable was collected from the mortality rates in Human Mortality Database. Finally, the LC model’s projected log of death rates was compared with wavelet filters and the traditional LC model. The performance of the proposed model (LC-WT-ANFIS) was evaluated based on mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and mean error (ME). Results showed that the LC-WT-ANFIS model performed better than the traditional model. Therefore, the proposed forecasting model is capable of projecting mortality rates.
Governance Through Regime Complexity: A Role for the EU in the African Security Regime Complex
Authors: Brosig Malte , Plank Friedrich , Reykers Yf
Published: April 2023

The international response to armed conflict in Africa often takes the form of a regime complex characterized by institutional proliferation, overlap, unclear hierarchies, and multiple interconnections. At the same time, the course of conflict is hardly predictable. In such an environment, how can component units (institutional fora) of a regime complex effectively govern through complexity? We explore this question by focusing on the EU as an important actor within regime complexes. Building on the regime complexity literature and complexity theory, we identify four conditions. We argue that actors who operate as resource hubs, create complementarity, support system self-organization, and practice adaptive forms of peacebuilding are best placed to manage regime complexity. Empirically we probe these assumptions in the context of the Sahelian security regime complex and the role the EU is playing in it.
Strong Military and Weak Statehood: The Case of Self‐Governance Through Rasookh in Kashmir
Authors: Mir Touseef Yousuf
Published: April 2023

The article focuses its gaze on the Indian-controlled valley of Kashmir to highlight how the militarily strong state resonates with weak statehood in Kashmir. Being faced with popular contentious politics, the state in Kashmir is argued to survive through militarised authoritarian control leading to the pervading social condition of fear and insecurity. Thus, rather than a provider of security, the situation in Kashmir is marked by the least expectations of security from the state. The article highlights rasookh as a means of self-governance popularly employed in Kashmir to socially navigate the prevalent precarious circumstances, especially drawing security by virtue of informal connections. The article becomes significant to firstly, highlight how the prevalent political structures condition and inform individual behaviour, and secondly, to examine the way different individuals develop institutionalised responses as an experience of those structures. The article through the case of Kashmir portrays how weak statehood in Kashmir predominantly informs the pervading social condition of fear and insecurity and how self-governance under rasookh becomes a means of compensating for the prevalent precarity. The article draws from the neo-institutionalist literature understanding the state as an ensemble of formal and informal institutions, mainly understanding institutions from the Lauthian perspective as ordered patterns of behaviour. From that perspective, rasookh is made sense of as an informal institution—an “uncodified but socially accepted pattern of behaviour”. The article provides original contributions by highlighting the under-researched societal aspect of analysing self-governance through rasookh (an informal institution) and highlighting everyday, societal dynamics that underpin it.
Migration of a Kirschner Wire Into the Urinary Bladder: A Case Report
Authors: Farion Aleksei O. , Paskov Roman V. , Dushin Denis V. , Bazarov Alexander Yu. , Prokopev Aleksey N.
Published: April 2023

Background. Migration of Kirschner wires is a dangerous complication of osteosynthesis, especially when they displace into adjacent anatomical areas. Preventive measures do not eliminate the possibility of this complication.
Aim of the study to draw physicians attention to the possibility of asymptomatic migration of a Kirschner wire into the bladder after osteosynthesis of a femoral neck fracture with a bundle of wires
Case presentation. We present a case report of a 70-year-old patient with asymptomatic migration of Kirschner wires into the bladder and hip joint cavity, which occurred 5 years after the primary surgery for the fracture of the left femoral neck. To manage the complication, a combination of endoscopic removal of the foreign body from the bladder and open removal from the hip joint followed by total hip replacement were used simultaneously. The surgical intervention was performed without any complications. The patient began rehabilitation the next day after the surgery.
Conclusion. Osteosynthesis should be supplemented with preventive measures against the fracture of fixator and its migration. The patient must be dynamically followed up during the treatment period with all necessary monitoring methods (X-ray, CT scan, ultrasound, etc.). In case of wire fracture and/or migration, it must be removed immediately. Once the fracture has healed or the period of fixation of the dislocation is over, the wires should also be removed. Preventive measures can avoid the migration of Kirschner wires and related complications.
Effect of sevoflurane on the pain syndrome and course of acute pancreatitis: сlinical cases
Authors: Sitkin Sergei I. , Emelyanova Lyudmila V. , Pozdnyakov Oleg B.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis is a potentially life-threatening disease, which is based on a severe inflammatory process and enzymatic autolysis of the pancreas. Currently, there is no effective medical treatment for acute pancreatitis. Its therapy is based on early infusion, adequate anesthesia, enteral nutrition, antibiotic therapy for infected pancreatic necrosis, and sanitizing procedures for the development of purulent and septic complications. In the last decade, experimental, and clinical studies have proven the powerful anti-inflammatory effect of the inhalation anesthetic sevoflurane. Sevoflurane reduces inflammation, both by blocking the nuclear factor kappa-bi and reducing the release of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. CLINICAL CASES DESCRIPTION: We used inhaled sevoflurane in three patients with acute pancreatitis. For one inhalation, 5 mL of sevoflurane was used and poured into a 200-mL container. The duration of one inhalation was approximately 40 min, during which time the anesthetic had completely evaporated. The maximum concentration of sevoflurane in exhaled air reached 0.40.5%, which did not cause the patient to fall asleep. Inhalations were performed three times a day for 2 days. In all patients, the pain syndrome decreased by three times according to the visual analog scale on day 1. The level of amylase on day 2 decreased by 2.5 times. The leukocyte count decreased by 20%. On day 2, all patients developed intestinal motility, and the patients were transferred from the anesthesiology-reanimation department to the surgical department. All the patients recovered. CONCLUSION: The inhalation of sevoflurane alleviated the pain syndrome, reduced amylase levels, and improved intestinal motility in acute pancreatitis.
Prolonged blockade of the sciatic nerve in the treatment of pain in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia: prospective longitudinal clinical study
Authors: Orudzheva Saida A. , Ushakov Alexander A. , Magomedova Samera D.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Systemic multimodal analgesia does not always relieve ischemic pain, and the side effects of its components may be intolerable in patients with comorbid and physically debilitation with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). An alternative effective and safe method of pain relief for patients with CLTI is needed.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of prolonged popliteal sciatic nerve block in patients with CLTI at the stages of treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective clinical study was performed in 31 patients with CLTI. Pain intensity was assessed by a numerical rating scale at the stages of treatment: (1) on admission, (2) presence of systemic multimodal analgesia (paracetamol, ketoprofen, tramadol, and morphine), (3) after catheter insertion to the popliteal sciatic nerve and prolonged nerve block with 0.5% ropivacaine solution, (4) after revascularization without anesthesia, (5) after revascularization in the presence of nerve blockade, and (6) upon discharge. Catheter insertion was performed under ultrasound control and neurostimulation. Pain intensity, frequency of insomnia, and forced lowering of the limb, need for narcotic analgesics, and patient satisfaction with treatment were assessed.
RESULTS: Regional block before surgery provided better pain relief than systemic multimodal analgesia (p 0.001) and reduced the need for narcotic analgesics (p 0.001). Insomnia was observed less frequently with prolonged blockade of the sciatic nerve than with systemic multimodal analgesia (p 0.05), as well as forced lowering of the limb (p 0.05). Revascularization of the lower extremity has an analgesic effect; however, pain relief is required for most patients. Pain relief through sciatic nerve block at all stages of CLTI treatment, sleep normalization, and freedom from forced posture improved the quality of life and satisfaction with treatment. No complications associated with the regional blockade were recorded.
CONCLUSION: Prolonged popliteal sciatic nerve block effectively relieves pain in patients with CLTI, is safe, and can be an alternative to systemic anesthesia.
Cultivos de Coca: Economía y Violencia en Municipios de Colombia 2012 – 2019.
Authors: Arias Barrera Cristian José , Nuñez Gómez Nicolás Arturo , Muñoz Velasco Luis Alfredo
Published: April 2023

Los cultivos de coca en Colombia se relacionan con múltiples problemas que afectan primeramente al área rural del país. Este artículo tiene como objetivo exponer factores determinantes que explican la presencia de los cultivos de coca en los municipios de Colombia para el periodo 2012 – 2019. Para ello, se desarrolla un modelo de panel de datos que permite obtener unos resultados que, aunque no son homogéneos en todo el territorio, indican que globalmente los incrementos en el índice de violencia municipal están asociados de manera positiva con el crecimiento de las hectáreas de cultivos de coca en los municipios de Colombia en el corto plazo. Los hallazgos sugieren que se reduce únicamente una cuarta parte del cultivo por cada hectárea asperjada y se incrementa en 0,22 por cada hectárea erradicada manualmente, poniendo en evidencia la ineficacia de la política antidrogas. Es necesario buscar alternativas para tratar de reducir la oferta del cultivo, diferenciando las necesidades por cada región del país. En cuanto a la economía, el único sector que influye en la reducción del cultivo es el sector secundario y el índice de desempeño fiscal.
Programa piloto de aprendizaje en emprendimiento: estudio de caso en jóvenes del departamento del Cauca
Authors: Potes Ordoñez Laura Beatriz , Rios Gineth Magaly Cerón , Sandoval Zúñiga Oscar Raúl
Published: April 2023

Los jóvenes adultos en condiciones vulnerables de zonas rurales y urbanas, se enfrentan a diferentes problemas sociales, económicos y falta de oportunidades laborales debido al conflicto armado que se viene presentando en el país. Por tal razón, los jóvenes están buscando crear su propio negocio (emprendimiento) que les genere ingresos económicos y sustente sus familias. Sin embargo, no cuentan con los conocimientos necesarios para crear una empresa sostenible. En este artículo, se realizó una investigación enfocada en implementar un programa piloto de aprendizaje para fortalecer el emprendimiento en jóvenes económicamente vulnerables en medio del conflicto armado. Bajo los principios de estudios de caso, se realizó una investigación mixta a través de una encuesta y la entrevista grupal semiestructurada a jóvenes de los sectores rurales y urbanos de dos comunidades ubicadas en el municipio de Popayán, capital del departamento del Cauca. Los resultados de implementación del programa se basaron en 3 factores identificados: 1) percepción y motivación para emprender, 2) conocimiento y habilidades emprendedoras, y 3) limitaciones de los emprendedores. Con base a ello, se logró una nueva visión del emprendimiento y la aplicación de conceptos administrativos en sus ideas emprendedoras. La mayor limitación es la falta de recursos económicos para iniciar los emprendimientos y darle continuidad. Se concluye, que para dar solución a la necesidad no sólo se debe implementar procesos de formación integral en emprendimiento sino también de contar con mecanismos activos de apoyo gubernamental. El programa propuesto en este artículo es inédito y de carácter innovador, ya que se está contribuyendo en el desarrollo social y sostenible de regiones con difícil acceso y condiciones vulnerable, formando jóvenes líderes capaces de influir en las decisiones relevantes de los procesos transformativos de la sociedad.
Serum levels of ifn-γ, complement component c3 c4 and vitamin d3 in the prognosis of patients with alopecia areata prospective teachers
Authors: T. Khudair Teeba , H. Hadi Wala’a , Kadhim Zaid Haneen
Published: April 2023

Alopecia areata is a prevalent autoimmune skin disorder. The current investigation aims to evolve the function of serum IFN-, complement component C3 C4, and vitamin D3 levels in the prognosis of patients with alopecia areata. The blood sample was taken from twenty AA patients and twenty healthy controls. Interferon (IFN-) levels in serum were evaluated using the ELISA method, V.D3 was detected using the Roche electrochemiluminescence method, and C3 and C4 were detected using the immunoturbidimetry method. . In the current study observed elevated levels of IFN-γ (299±115.7 Pg/ml), while the control group was lowest 73±10.84 Pg/ml .This funding was highly significantly different (p-value 0.00). The Mean±SD Level of components C3 and C4 in the current study were (1.37±0.903) (0.29±0.029) Alopecia Areata cases were not statistically different from the usual range, however vitamin D3 levels were severely deficient. (6.86±4.03) when compared to normal range. Distribution of AA among male was highly observed in age group NO = 10 (50%) 1 - 19years follow by age group NO = 4(20%) 20-39 and (40-50) respectively while Alopecia Areata among females was the lowest distribution.
Forecasting Performance In Iraqi Stock Exchange For The Oil Price Throw The GM (1,2) Model And The Impacts On Economic Growth
Authors: Faqe Mahmood Heshu Othm , Aras Ali Mohammed , Raouf Ali Zryan Jabar
Published: April 2023

Iraq's oil industry is the country's main source of income. Iraq's manufacturing sector has always been heavily dependent on the country's oil exports. Since the end of the Iraq War, Iraq has expanded its output and is currently the region's second-largest producer. For this investigation, the grey model was run using data on the monthly international price of Iraqi oil from October 2020 through September 2022. Researchers evaluated the MAPE and accuracy rate to choose which model to employ for oil price forecasting, and we found that the GM(2,1) model was the best fit for capturing the dynamics of the Iraqi oil market (precision rate = 96%, MAPE = 4%).
The Influence of Using Sustainable Materials on Paving Cost of AL-Kut-Maysan Highway Using Cost-Benefit Analysis
Authors: Hashim Sajjad , Al-Mosawe Hasan
Published: April 2023

Paving is regarded as one of the essential layers in the construction of a road since it directly affects traffic loads and is subject to environmental factors. As a result, appropriate asphalt mixes that can support the designed traffic loads and environmental conditions must be developed. From an economic and environmental aspect, recycling the waste from the old pavement is a good step in this regard. This paper comprises detailed laboratory work that tested the impact of using different recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) content in addition to 3% crumb rubber (CR). The (CR) is used as fine aggregate. The tests were evaluated based on the response of hot asphalt mixes (HMA). The objectives of this study are to analyze the volumetric or weight change in hot mix asphalt of the different percentages and then analyse the costs of Kut-Maysan Road as a case study in case of using the different percentages of RAP and CR. The results show that the cost analysis of using RAP reduces the cost of a produced ton of HMA. On the other hand, the use of CR increases the cost of producing HMA. Using 10% RAP reduces the cost of one ton of HMA by 0.64 $ while using 20% RAP reduces the cost by 1.10 $, and the cost is reduced by 1.41 $ when using 30% RAP. On the other hand, the use of 3% CR with 10% RAP increased the production cost of one-ton HMA by 1.47 $. While decreased by 0.82 $ with 20% RAP content and by 0.28 $ with 30% RAP.
Using climate models to predict extreme rainfall trend in Yanhe riverbasin, China
Authors: Yang Saiyu , Dai Peng
Published: April 2023

Climate model is an effective medium to study climate system and climate change. Its simulation results are essentially a crucial data basis for climate prediction and climate change risk assessment. With the acceleration of global warming, the surface ecological environment, hydrological dynamic cycle process, social and economic development are all affected thereupon, resulting in certain influence on the production and life of human beings. In this regard, this paper conducts a study on extreme precipitation events of different climate models with Yanhe River Basin as the study area. The results show that: 1. Yanhe River Basin is a sensitive area to climate change. In the future, the precipitation in this area, for a long time will not increase obviously, but fluctuate greatly; 2. The temporal and spatial difference of extreme precipitation events in the study area is significant. From 2000 to 2050, the interdecadal fluctuation of extreme precipitation events in the study area is significant. In the future, the area with the largest volume of precipitation above 12mm will be concentrated in the southeast part of the study area, followed by the western boundary area; 3. There are few areas with precipitation above 50mm in the Yanhe River Basin, and the occurrence frequency has decreased significantly; 4. The simulation results of different climate models are different. Alao, pursuant to the data analysis results, different models have certain differences in the spatial simulation of extreme precipitation. It is speculated that the terrain factors and Monsoon Simulation factors may affect the simulation results of extreme precipitation events.
Stopping Power Calculation of Protons and α–Particles for C2H4 and C6H6 in Energy Range 0.01-1000 MeV
Authors: H. Ali Ebtehaj , O. Kadhim Rashid
Published: April 2023

In this research, a theoretical study was conducted to calculate the total stopping power of some relativistic heavy ions (protons and alpha particles) during their passage through some media (ethylene and benzene) in the energy range (0.01-1000 MeV). The equations were programmed using MATLAB2021, the curve fitting tool was used, and the calculated results were compared with the experimental data of the P- Star and A-Star programs for the same missiles in those organic compounds.
Optimization of specific heating consumption of coke oven plant using flow meter calibration modification
Authors: Mahato Niranjan , Agarwal Himanshu , Jain Jainendra
Published: April 2023

Coke oven plant produces coke which acts as a reducing agent in blast furnaces. So, coke is an important material which is also called as a reducing agent. Coke is basically used for manufacturing of steel materials and extraction of metals. In an integrated steel plant coke is a prime material for making high grade of steels. In this present research work, the calibration of flow meter is modified. By this modification of gas flow meter calibration coke oven gas flow reduced from 17100Nm3/hrs to 16900Nm3/hrs, such as 200 Nm3 on hourly basis saving without any extra manpower cost. The proposed method is also cost effective as it saves Rs 6483000 every month for producing coke. This methodology is also helpful for reducing the manufacturing cost of coke in a recovery type of coke plant and stable oven operation and prolongation of coke oven life. Future advancements in this technique will allow us to minimize the need for money, which will revolutionize the nation's economy.
Micro-Arc Oxidation Enhances Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance Of Ti-6Al-7Nb Alloy
Authors: Khalid Naji Qabas , Mohammed Salman Jassim , Mohammed Dawood Nawal
Published: April 2023

Investigation results of micro-arc coating on the (Ti-7Nb-6Al) alloy were presented. It has potential clinical value in applications such as dental implant, knee, and hip prostheses. An electrolyte solution of ( Na2CO3 + Na2SiO3). The micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technique was employed for in situ oxidation of Ti-6Al-7Nb surface. The wettability of a porous TiO2 covering made up of anatase and rutile phases was investigated. The test findings revealed that the possibility of deposition of ceramics coatings on the surface of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy by using voltages (400V )at different deposition times (7, 15, and 30) min. The results indicate that ceramics layer of titanium oxide (TiO2) which is formed during coating porous and homogenous distribution. The bioactive composition of the oxide layers can be suitable for use as advanced biomedical implants. The coatings also revealed an increased surface roughness, porosity, microhardness, surface wettability and corrosion resistance of the Ti-6Al-7Nb substrate reaches to (CR= 0.1114×10−3mpy) in Ringer’s solution and (CR= 1.03×10−3mpy) in Saliva’s solution with increased deposition time.
Applying the strength reduction method to study of stability of residual mountains: A particular application
Authors: Jin Xin , Hua Yucheng , Tang Qiao
Published: April 2023

Due to huge disaster-caused force, seismic geological disasters primarily induce residual landslide, collapse and debris flow disasters with far higher hazard extent than that of earthquake disasters. Wherefore, this paper, with various vibration slopes caused by the most representative Wenchuan earthquake as research objects, introduces the strength reduction method to the stability study of residual mountains in a certain area, puts forward dynamic stability slope evaluation method based on dynamic and overall strength reduction method to obtain the mountain slope stability situation in the process of gradual instability, searches out the sliding surface of progressive expansion making use of dynamic strength reduction method and calculates dynamic safety index in the process of gradual slope instability pursuant to the calculation advantages of dynamic strength reduction method, so as to realize the analysis and regulation of the whole process of slope instability. The results show that in the stability analysis of a homogeneous slope, the safety index of slope stability calculated by strength reduction method is 6.7%, 8.8% and 10.5% higher than that calculated by finite element limit equilibrium method, Bishop method and Janbu method respectively. In the stability analysis of a multi-layer soil slope, the safety index of slope stability calculated by strength reduction method is 4.8%, 4.3% and 9.4% higher than that calculated by other three algorithms. While in the stability analysis of soft interlining slope, the safety indexes of slope stability calculated by the method proposed in this paper are increased by 26.10%, 29.11% and 26.46% respectively compared with other three algorithms, indicating that the stability of landslide residual mountains calculated by strength reduction method proposed in this paper is the highest.
Bond Strength Of Acrylic Soft Liner To Nd:Yag Laser-Treated Thermoplastic Acrylic Denture Base Material
Authors: A. Alabady Alkasim , S. Khalaf Bayan
Published: April 2023

Aim of the study: Using surface roughness and tensile bond strength tests, the objective of this investigation was to ascertain the impact of laser surface modification on the binding strength of injectable thermoplastic acrylic denture base material to acrylic-based soft-liner material. Materials and methods: Acrylic base soft liner material was bonded to injectable thermoplastic acrylic resin (Deflex). Forty specimens were created (20 disc, 20 dumbbells) 10 of each specimen type as control specimens, and 10 were treated with nano pulse Nd: YAG laser. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and unpaired t-test (a=.05) and the roughness test was performed utilizing a double column universal test machine. Results: Compared to the control groups, the laser group had much increased roughness and tensile bond strength. Conclusions. Following Nd:YAG laser surface treatment, the tensile bonding strength between acrylic soft-liner material and thermoplastic acrylic was increased.
Global stability of the Euler- Bernoulli beams excited by multiplicative white noises
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Zhao Kun , Li Hongkui , G. Guirao Juan L. , Chen Huatao
Published: April 2023

This paper considers the global stability of the Euler-Bernoulli beam excited by multiplicative white noise. Based on the theory of global random attractors, the Hausdorff dimensions of the global random attractors for the system is obtained. According to the relationship between Hausdorff dimensions and global Lyapunov exponents, the global stability of the stochastic beam is derived.
Basic direction and realization path of PE teaching innovation in PSS based on deep learning model
Authors: Ke Huiming , Wang Yang
Published: April 2023

At present, the traditional model of PE in PSS (PSS)has seriously affected the quality of PE teaching in PSS and the perception of PE among primary and secondary school students. Because of the urgent need for innovation in PE in PSS, this study proposes the LSTM model to achieve an accurate prediction of the innovation direction of PE in PSS. Based on the LSTM model, the user behavior is classified by extracting the important features of the innovation direction. Expression to achieve accurate prediction of the future development direction of PE. Using the data confusion matrix to estimate the prediction accuracy of the LSTM model, the four evaluation indicators of Accuracy, Precision, F1, and AUC are 0.0532~0.2323 higher than the baseline model. The prediction results of PE teaching innovation in PSS from three aspects of teaching thought, teaching content, teaching objectives and essence are output, which has obvious guiding significance for the overall optimization of PE classrooms in PSS. This result shows that the LSTM prediction model has important practical value.
Effect of method nano application with NPK fertilizer on the vegetative growth of two grape cultivars (Vitis Vinifera L.)
Authors: Ameen Alimam Nabil Mohammed , Mokeem Hasan Sarah Ahmed
Published: April 2023

This studied the effect of method’s and efficiency application of nano- NPK fertilizer (0, 1 and 2. l-1) in addition to the soil or foliar spray on the vegetative growth of Olivetti noier and Thompson Seedless young grapevines grown under Nineveh Governorate during 2021 season. Applications three levels of nano- NPK 0, 2 and 4gm. as soil addition either alone or in combination with foliar application of nano- NPK sprayed three times at 0, 1 and 2.l-1 significantly promoted all vegetative growth traits, height and diameter of the main stem, number of leaves, chlorophyll concentration in leaves, leaf area and leaf area. Moreover, these treatments resulted of vegetative growth parameters compared with untreated (control). Result showed that fertilization with the addition of 4 gm. Nano NPK.l-1, led to a significant increase in the rates of height and diameter of the main stem, number of leaves, chlorophyll concentration in leaves. Foliar fertilization with 2 gm. Nano NPK l-1, led to a significant improving main stem diameter of seedling, leaf area, leaf area of seedling, chlorophyll concentration in leaves. Spray with 1 gm. Nano NPK l-1 led to a significant increase in the height of the main stem and the number of leaves per seedling. Thompson Seedless grape cv. over Olivetti noier cv. in height and diameter of the main stems, leaf area and the leaf area of the seedling.
Dielectric Properties of (GO-MgO-PoPDA- PVA) nanocomposite films
Authors: Ahmed Jassim Tabark , Fadhil Dawood Amir
Published: April 2023

In this work, a pure (PVA) polymer film reinforced with magnesium oxide, graphene oxide poly (o-phenylene diamine) (GO-MgO-PoPDA) was created utilizing the solution casting process in various weight ratios (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 wt%). It was investigated how varied weight ratios of the nanoparticles magnesium oxide (MgO) and graphene oxide (GO) affected the Dielectric Properties of nano composite films. FTIR, SEM,X-RAY were used to characterized the nanocomposite. The results of the dielectric properties showed that the values of the alternating electrical conductivity of the prepared films increase when adding (GO-MgO-PoPDA) nanoparticles and with the increase of the frequency of the applied electric field and the increase of the particle content, while the values of the dielectric constant increase with the increase of each of the content of (GO-MgO- PoPDA) nanoparticles, but it decreases with increasing frequency. Whereas, the dielectric loss coefficient of the prepared films decreases when nanoparticles are added and with increasing frequency.
Reconstruction of physical dance teaching content and movement recognition based on a machine learning model
Authors: Li Lei , Yang Tingting
Published: April 2023

With the technological development of movement recognition based on machine learning model algorithms, the content and movements for physical dance teaching are also seeking changes and innovations. In this paper, a set of three-dimensional convolutional neural network recognition algorithms based on a machine learning model is constructed through the collection to recognition of sports dance movement data. By collecting the skeleton information of typical movements of physical dance, a typical movement dataset of physical dance is constructed, which is recognized by the improved 3D convolutional neural network recognition algorithm under the machine learning model, and the method is validated on the public dataset. The experimental results show that the 3D CNNs in this paper can produce relatively satisfactory results for sports dance action recognition with high accuracy of action recognition, which verifies the feasibility of the 3D convolutional neural network action recognition algorithm under the machine learning model for the acquisition to recognition of sports dance actions. It illustrates that the future can be better to open a new direction of physical dance education content through machine learning models in this form.
Fabric yarn detection based on improved fast R-CNN model
Authors: Xu Haiyan
Published: April 2023

With the rapid development of modern computer technology, and gradually combined with the textile industry, the application of modern computer technology in the field of textile is increasingly extensive, which makes textile production gradually move towards the road of automation development. This paper proposes an automatic detection method of simple weave fabric density based on computer image vision. Computer vision and digital image processing technology are used to analyze and identify the simple weave fabric's warp and weft yarn information and calculate the fabric density. To avoid the phenomenon of warp and weft yarn skew, a method of fabric skew correction based on the Radon transform is proposed. The optimal decomposition order of these four fabrics is k = 2, k = 5, and k = 3. The decomposition series is k. It is found that the relative error of both warp and weft density is about 1.00%. Most of the data obtained by the method of correlation coefficient curve to determine the optimal decomposition series are consistent with the results of the energy curve method. The relative error of the density test results of No. 3 fabric, No. 6 fabric, and No. 7 fabric is higher than 10%, and the relative error of No. 3 fabric is the highest, reaching 66%. This shows serious errors in these three fabrics' warp and weft density. To solve the problems of simple weave fabric density detection, the corresponding algorithm is used to solve the problems. Finally, good results are obtained, which verifies the feasibility of this method. It is significant to realize the automatic measurement of fabric density in textile factories.
The Effect of Soil Characteristics On NFGM and FFGM Ground Motion Response Spectra
Authors: Haitham Razzaq Ghada , K. Risan Hussam
Published: April 2023

This study aims to achieve the following goals: 1- To distinguish between the inelastic responses of buildings under earthquakes with NFGM and FFGM. 2- To inspect the effect of soil shear velocity on the response spectra. Several earthquake events, with different characteristics, are brought from the PEER website for “Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research” and analyzed using PRISM software to achieve these goals. The research found that the acceleration, velocity, and displacement response of the selected near-fault ground motions on the structure has a higher effect than the far- field ground motion response in both types of soils and this difference is displayed more noticeably in long periods (periods after 0.2 sec). And when comparing responses of the two types of soils (the soft soil type and the rock type) it shows that the geological and geotechnical aspects of the soil deposits majorly affect the response spectra of the free field surface motions
The Optimization Path of Higher Education Resource Allocation in China Based on Fuzzy Set Theory
Authors: Zhao Yuqi
Published: April 2023

The use of fuzzy set theory to adjust the educational resource allocation model is the optimal path to achieve the allocation of educational resources. The optimal path realized by fuzzy set theory promotes the healthy development of education and addresses the current important and urgent tasks in the field of higher education in China. This study utilizes the basic theory of fuzzy sets and analyzes dynamic fuzzy set theory, fuzzy relations and fuzzy matrices. The indexes of optimal allocation are selected according to the classification of higher education resources, the fuzzy set multi-objective planning model is designed, and finally, the combination of factors of education production in colleges and universities is optimized. The experiment proves that: the average allocation efficiency of excellent colleges and universities is 0.186, and the average improvement is 35.41% after optimization. The average allocation efficiency of ordinary colleges and universities is 0.174, which is improved by 22.12% on average after optimization. It can be found that the resource allocation efficiency of excellent colleges and universities is generally higher than that of ordinary colleges and universities, and the role of excellent colleges and universities with more abundant resources themselves is greater after the optimization of college resource allocation. It indicates that by adjusting the quantity and structure of educational resources according to the optimization path, the optimization of educational resource allocation can be achieved. This verifies that: the emergence of optimal paths for solving resource allocation realized by fuzzy set theory has greatly expanded the application of fuzzy methods in the field of higher education and provided a new theoretical tool for solving resource allocation.
The role of social networking sites in promoting the culture of Iraqi rural women and empowering them
Authors: Falah Zaeid Haider , Kareem Yasir Noor , Ibrahim Abbas Saad
Published: April 2023

Social networking sites are highly effective in serving the community and empowering it cognitively and politically because of its impact on its users and visitors through the information and ideas it provides, mostly free of it without a political, social or inappropriate agenda, Its goal was to advance the knowledge and scientific aspects of the visitors of these sites, and this in itself is a positive step, calculated for those in charge of it. In his research entitled "The role of social networking sites in promoting the culture of Iraqi rural women and empowering them, the researcher seeks to identify the role of social networking sites in serving rural women, and how Iraqi rural women use these sites, and how it helps them to communicate with others, and how useful it is for rural women to enhance their culture and empower them intellectually and politically. The researcher hopes to discuss the role of social media in the effective empowerment of rural women in an academic manner through modern and considered sources, as well as asking a number of questions through the questionnaire form to Iraqi rural women and identifying the role of social networking sites in empowering them, in order to reach results that serve the objectives of the conference and scientific research.
Study of finfet transistor: critical and literature review in finfet transistor in the active filter
Authors: Ahmed Mohammede Arsen , Khalaf Mahmood Zaidoon , Demirel Hüseyin
Published: April 2023

For several decades, the development of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors have made available to us better circuit time and efficiency per function with each successive generation of CMOS technology. However, basic product and manufacturing technology limitations will make continuing transistor scaling difficult in the sub-32 nm zone. Field impact transistors with fins were developed. offered as a viable solution to the scalability difficulties. Fin field effect transistors can be made in the same way as regular CMOS transistors, allowing for a quick transition to production. The use of inserted-oxide FinFET technology was presented as a solution to continue transistor scaling. Due to gate fringing electric fields through the added oxide (SiO2) layers, the electromagnetic integrity of an iFinFET is superior to that of a FinFET. We discovered that the proposed mobility model functions admirably and that the Joule effect mostly influences the drain current and the heat source. The major goal of this work is to compare the performance characteristics of combinational logic using CMOS and FinFET technology. The inverting gate is modelled in HSPICE simulation on a 32nm transistor size utilising CMOS and FinFET structures, and respective performances, such as energy consumed, are examined.