bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotional intelligence and empathic abilities of counseling therapist working with dysfunctional families
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Penkov Alexander M. , Pozdnyakov Vyacheslav M. ,   Moscow State University of Psychology and Education
Published: December 2023

We consider the influence of emotional intelligence and empathic abilities level in counseling therapists on the satisfaction with the quality of family counseling among clients from dysfunctional families. The study involved 26 counseling therapists working in counseling centers in Moscow, as well as 70 family members who sought advice on family difficulties. The effectiveness of counseling and customer satisfaction is influenced by both the method chosen by the consultant to solve the family issue, and the dialogical interaction between consultants and clients, which characterizes the qualitative side of the therapeutic alliance. The role of specific characteristics of emotional intelligence and empathy among counseling therapists contributing to the establishment of a therapeutic alliance has been established. The results of the study showed a positive correlation between customer satisfaction with counseling and the ability of a therapist to control his emotions and manage the emotions of clients, as well as the flexible use of rational and emotional channels of empathy, which allows coping with difficulties in the counseling process. Conclusions are drawn about the need to include trainings for the development of these qualities in the professional training of counseling therapists, since existing educational standards focus mainly on the “technical” side of counseling, ignoring the basic psychological basis for the success of working with members of problem families – the skillful establishment of psychological contact and the development of trusting relationships with people who had different goals and positions in a protracted conflict and unwilling to take responsibility for its resolution.
Formation of onomastic competence in students learning Russian as a foreign language
Authors:   Ala-Тoo International University, Orozova Avaskhan K.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the issue on onomastic competence in students learning Russian in the Kyrgyz audience. It is emphasized that the development of students’ onomastic competence can be optimized in the aspect of studying the relation between language and culture and the cultural influence on the content possibilities of artistic texts – peripheral onyms. We consider the onomastic educational technology – an appeal to the artionymic facts in style of the Kyrgyz writer Chinghiz Aitmatov, who left a noticeable mark in Russian, Kyrgyz and world literature. The original author’s intonation of the Kyrgyz writer is reflected in the titles of his works, the appeal to which in Russian classes in the Kyrgyz audience allows us to identify the specifics of the model of a simple sentence, which is the fundamental unit of the syntactic level. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the appeal to educational activities based on onomastic material significantly increases the linguistic and communicative levels of students and forms their interest in reading and onomastic culture. The value of the work is due to the contribution to the popularization of the onomastic component necessary for the successful implementation of the educational process and for the development of further comparative and typological study of one of the fragments of the syntactic system of the Russian and Turkic languages on the material of nominal sentences.
Russian national character in the aspect of multicultural education
Authors:   Michurinsk State Agrarian University, Polunina Lyudmila I. , Bauder Galina A. ,   Michurinsk State Agrarian University
Published: December 2023

We consider the issue of studying the peculiarities of the Russian national character, understanding national character helps students to gain knowledge in psychological and pedagogical disciplines, the Russian language, literature, history. We analyzed and evaluate material contributing to the implementation of academic and educational activities. The research focuses on the personal, substantive and social characteristics of representatives of the Russian ethnic group. Knowledge about the peculiarities of the Russian national character is considered as secondary new knowledge about the native language, national culture, and history. The emphasized unpredictability of ethnic processes in modern Russia makes the subject of our study relevant. We consider the Russian national character as a unique subject of history with personal psychological characteristics. Modern scientists consider the issues of Russian mentality through the definition of a subject field connected with the national character. Despite the many points of view on the solution of the issue, it is still relevant, but not implemented. The approbation results of the program developed by us on the basis of the Socio-Pedagogical Institute of Michurinsk State Agrarian University are presented.
Мультикласова класифікація легеневих захворювань за допомогою знімків компʼютерної томографії
Authors: Смілянець Ф. , Фіногенов О.
Published: December 2023

Обʼєктом дослідження є архітектура нейронної мережі для роботи з знімками КТ (компʼютерної томографії). Метою роботи є перевірка поведінки вже існуючої нейронної мережі побудованої для бінарної класифікації у контексті мульти-класової класифікації. Для досягнення мети було обʼєднано два публічно доступних набори даних у мультикласовий набір даних, який включає в себе класи COVID-19, позагоспітальна пневмнонія, здорові легені. Існуючу архітектуру нейронної мережі (ResNet50V2 з застосуванням Feature Pyramid Network) було адаптовано під мультикласову класифікацію. Отриману нейронну мережу було натреновано протягом 20 епох та досягнено точності у 95.086% на виокремленому оціночному наборі даних. Результати експериментів доводять перспективність використання цієї та схожих нейронних мереж в роботі лікарів.

Бібл. 7, іл. 3, табл. 4
Вплив зменшення розмірів нейронної мережі на її здатність до узагальнення
Authors: Паладієв О. , Лісовиченко O.
Published: December 2023

Предметом дослідження у даній роботі є вплив зменшення розмірів нейромережі на її узагальнюючі можливості. Об'єктом дослідження є різні конфігурації нейронмережевих моделей та їх параметри, такі як кількість нейронів у прихованому шарі та кількість незалежних ознак. Метою цієї роботи є дослідження впливу різних конфігурацій нейромережевих моделей, зокрема зменшення їх розмірів, на їхню здатність до узагальнення. Роботаспрямована на визначення того, коли зменшення розмірів нейромережі призводить до покращення її здатності до узагальнення, і коли обмеження розмірів може заважати досягненню бажаної помилки на навчальних даних. Дослідження також має на меті встановлення оптимальних конфігурацій нейромережевих моделей для різних задачкласифікації на основі впливу розміру мережі та кількості ознак на їхню здатність до узагальнення.

Бібл. 4., іл. 7
MODELING A NEGOTIATION PROCESS BETWEEN AIRCRAFT USING PETRI NETS
Authors: ŻUCHOWSKA Daria , STELMACH Anna
Published: December 2023

New air traffic control ideas are sought. Many studies point out the delegation of the responsibility for ensuring separation from air traffic controllers to the aircraft crews, but it should be assumed that the transition from centralized to decentralized air traffic control will occur in stages. It is, therefore, necessary to ensure effective communication between conflicting aircraft and to define the negotiation process between aircraft. The concept of the process of negotiation and communication between aircraft in conflict using a monotonic concession protocol is presented. The proposed solution was modeled using a Petri Net, which allowed us to analyze all the dependencies present in the system. The analysis allowed us to evaluate the method in the context of safety. The conducted research showed that, under the assumed conditions, the negotiation method allows obtaining the desired effect of negotiations while maintaining an adequate level of safety.
ORIGINAL DHI METHOD FOR ASSESSING EPIDEMIC HAZARDS IN TRANSPORTATION SERVICES
Authors: BURDZIK Rafał
Published: December 2023

In the situation of the global SARS-COV-2 coronavirus pandemic, epidemic threats are dominant and ubiquitous. The article attempted to estimate the hazards of virus transmission in various transport services. In the author's opinion, numerous and very serious problems in the transport sector and transport services are in this case the result of a lack of a methodical approach to the problem of epidemic threats, including infection in a global epidemic. The paper presents a proposal for an original DHI method for assessing epidemic hazards in transportation services, taking into account various hazards and routes of virus transmission (droplet and contact) based on dedicated scales of hazard evaluation and multi-criteria assessment. This methodology is named Deep Hazard Identification (DHI). The primary stage of the methodology is the identification and estimation of transmission mechanisms of pathogen that can occur in transport services. For this purpose 15 criteria and weighting factors were defined and used for a multi-criteria epidemic hazards assessment. It enables the determination of the matrix of hazard assessment separately for the passenger transport and freight transport groups, which allows for the comparison of the DHI hazard factor between different transport services.
CANNIBALIZATION POLICIES: ADOPTION IN THE MAINTENANCE OF FLEET SYSTEMS
Authors: DIAZ Ermilso , MUÑOZ-AÑASCO Mariela , CORRECHER-SALVADOR Antonio
Published: December 2023

Fleet systems are considered complex due to the interaction between their units and components. Maintenance management systems face various challenges to achieve acceptable availability and reliability rates at a reasonable cost. A critical task for making maintenance decisions is understanding the system requirements to select maintenance policies appropriate for the actual and future system state. When there is a replacement shortage in a fleet system, and it is impossible to supply new spare parts quickly, cannibalization policies can mitigate this scarcity via the interchange of components. However, this procedure presents the maintenance manager with different evaluation effects, such as increased maintenance hours, decreased system reliability rate, and unavailability in some units. Finding an equilibrium between the benefits and risks has caught the attention of researchers. This work gathers diverse proposals for applying cannibalization policies and the effects that arise from using them. Models, methods, tools, and identified gaps in understanding what parameters of the components and environments of the fleet systems favor cannibalization are discussed.
L’œnotourisme : vitrine du développement agro-écologique des vignobles ? Partie 1
Authors: Rouiaï Nashidil , Symoneaux Ronan , Taddei Jean-Claude
Published: December 2023

L’étude vise à articuler les enjeux environnementaux de la filière vitivinicole et les dynamiques œnotouristiques sur ces territoires viticoles. Il s’agit de comprendre la manière dont l’activité œnotouristique peut valoriser et favoriser les actions en faveur de l’environnement et de la biodiversité au sein des vignobles. Le travail de recherche intègre plusieurs acteurs et échelles : il interroge de quelle façon la mise en avant des pratiques agroécologiques dans l’offre oenotouristique (notamment le maintien et/ou le développement de la biodiversité) peut à la fois intéresser les touristes, bénéficier aux viticulteurs et favoriser la transition écologique de ces territoires.
Wine tourism: a showcase for the agroecological development of vineyards? Part 2
Authors: Rouiaï Nashidil , Symoneaux Ronan , Taddei Jean-Claude
Published: December 2023

This study aims to link the environmental challenges faced by the wine sector with the wine tourism dynamic in winegrowing regions. It aims to understand how wine tourism can enhance and promote environmentally friendly actions and biodiversity in vineyards. The research covers various stakeholders and scales. It examines how highlighting agroecological practices in the wine tourism offer (in particular maintaining and/or enhancing biodiversity) can simultaneously interest tourists, benefit winegrowers and promote the ecological transition of these regions.
Three Rounds of Read Correction Significantly Improves Eukaryotic Protein Detection in ONT Reads
Authors: Safar Hussain A , Mustafa Abu Salim , Alatar Fatemah
Published: December 2023

Background: Eukaryotes whole-genome sequencing is crucial for species identification, gene detection and protein-annotation. Oxford Nanopore sequencing serves as an affordable and rapid platform for sequencing eukaryotes, however the relatively higher error rates require computational and bioinformatic efforts to produce more accurate genome assemblies. Here, we evaluated the effect of read correction tools on eukaryotes genome completeness, gene detection and protein-annotation. Methods: Reads generated by ONT of four eukaryotes, C. albicans, C. gattii, S. cerevisiae, and P. falciparum, were assembled using minimap2 and underwent three rounds of read correction using flye, medaka and racon. The generates consensus FASTA files were compared for total length (bp), genome completeness, gene detection, and protein-annotation by QUAST, BUSCO, BRAKER1 and InterProScan, respectively. Results: genome completeness was dependent on assembly method rather than read correction tool, however, medaka performed better than flye and racon. Racon significantly performed better than flye and medaka in gene detection, while both racon and medaka significantly performed better than flye in protein-annotation. Conclusion: We show that three rounds of read correction significantly affects gene detection and protein-annotation which are dependent on assembly quality in preference to assembly completeness.
Deformable River Beds: A Numerical Study
Authors: Bazarov Dilshod Raimovich , Mirzaev Bakhadir Suyunovich , Norkulov Bekhzod Eshmirzaevich , Kotov Evgenii Vladimirovich , Vokhidov Oybek Farkhodjon ugli
Published: December 2023

A mathematical model that comprehensively captures the real behavior of riverbed deformation, encompassing all pertinent effects, is developed. The underwater slope reformation process, with the generatrix aligned along the flow velocity in the model, is considered. A numerical model is introduced to calculate the flow involving a deformable bottom, and the model's validation is established through rigorous analysis of experimental findings. The research firmly confirms the suitability of the proposed mathematical and numerical model for describing deformations in uneven and unsteady river flows, including the movement of dredging slots and channel quarries. The model's minimal equation count and reliance on empirical constants demonstrate the model's efficiency. The model's predictions align strongly with experimental data, although optimal values of empirical coefficients vary slightly across different experiments. Hence, there is a call for further investigation to derive more universally applicable closure relationships for the model. The importance of validating the model with reliable field data and its potential extension to accommodate hydraulically diverse soils is emphasized. Such an extension is feasible due to the concentration transfer equation, enabling independent calculations for particle fractions of varying sizes as long as the total particle concentration in the stream remains within reasonable limits. This dedicated research contributes significantly to understanding riverbed deformations and advancing accurate modeling and management of riverine environments.
Reconstructive Methodology in the Synthesis of 2-Aminopurine
Authors: Neymash Artyom O. , Ulomsky Evgeny N. , Fedotov Victor V. , Aminov Semen V. , Lyapustin Daniil N. , Gorbunov Evgeny B. , Ishimnikov Vladislav A. , Slepukhin Pavel A. , Rusinov Vladimir L.
Published: December 2023

A fundamentally new synthetic approach to the synthesis of 2-aminopurine has been developed. It consists in the combination of creation of condensed polyazotic heterocyclic tetrazolopyrimidine structure, it’s transformation into triaminopyrimidine and subsequent cyclization into 2-aminopurine. The structure of the obtained compounds was established based on spectral characteristics and intermediate 5 directly by X-ray diffraction analysis.
Correlation Between Surface Integrity and Low Cycle Fatigue Life of Machined Inconel 718
Authors: Cui Pengcheng , Liu Zhanqiang , Zhao Jinfu , Ren Xiaoping
Published: December 2023

This work aims at improving surface integrity and LCF life of machined Inconel 718. The correlation between the LCF life of Inconel 718 and various states of machined surface integrity is explored. In this paper, the surface integrity of Inconel 718 specimens is enhanced by low plasticity burnishing (LPB). The LCF life with different surface integrity specimens is predicted by micro-macro finite element method (FEM). Firstly, the LCF specimens with different surface integrity are machined by turning (turned specimen), polishing (matrix specimen) and LPB process (LPBed specimen). Secondly, the LCF experiment is carried out to reveal the effect of surface integrity on LCF life. Finally, the LCF micro-macro FEM model is proposed to predict the LCF of machined Inconel 718 specimens. The representative volume element (RVE) model is established based on the measured surface integrity and microstructure of Inconel 718 specimens. The effect of surface integrity on LCF life is transformed to equivalent load. The micro-macro FEM model combined with Tanaka-Mura dislocation crack initiation theory and extended finite element method (XFEM) is applied to predict the LCF life the machined specimens. The study results show that the LCF life of LPBed specimens can be improved by 90.5% and 36.1% compared with that of turned specimens and polished matrix specimens, respectively. The errors between FEM prediction results and experimental results are 13.1%, 9.2% and 12.2%, respectively. The proposed micro-macro FEM model could be utilized to predict the LCF life of Inconel 718 with different surface integrity, and further to apply the LCF life prediction in industry.
Presentation and Surgical Management of Perineal Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Kristo Noemi , Verdes Gabriel , Faur Ionut Flaviu , Hordovan Eniko Christine , Duta Ciprian
Published: December 2023

Hidradenitis suppurativa and Langerhans cell histiocytosis are rare disorders that can reveal similar clinical manifestations, making differential diagnosis difficult. A definitive diagnosis requires biopsy and histological confirmation in suspicious cases. The complex pathophysiology of these diseases has still not been understood, therefore the treatment is still a challenge for physicians. It is seen with predilection in the intertriginous areas of the body, predominantly in the axillary region, rarely requiring a surgical procedure. However perineal, perianal, and gluteal HS usually necessitates some form of surgical treatment. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (histiocytosis X) is a very rare systemic disease manifested by clonal cell proliferation of histiocytic-dendritic nature, with pseudonodular manifestation that deeply infiltrates the hypodermis and ulcerates the epidermis on the surface. Langerhans cells are dendritic, antigen-presenting cells localized in the suprabasal regions of the squamous epithelium of the skin and mucous membranes, which help regulate the immune system. In this report, we present our experience with extensive gluteal, perineal, and perianal hidradenitis suppurativa and Langerhans cell histiocytosis cases, including our treatment methods and outcomes.
Solution Induced Degradation of the Silicon Nanobelt Field Effect Transistor Biosensors
Authors: Lin Jung-Chih , Zhou Zhao-Yu , Cheng Yi-Ching , Chang I-Nan , Lin Chu-En , Wu Chi-Chang
Published: December 2023

Field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors stand as powerful analytical tools for detecting trace-specific biomolecules in diverse sample matrices, especially in the realms of pandemics and infectious diseases. The primary concern in applying these biosensors is their stability, a factor directly impacting the accuracy and reliability of sensing over extended durations. The risk of biosensor degradation is substantial, potentially jeopardizing sensitivity and selectivity and leading to inaccurate readings, including the possibility of false positives or negatives. This paper delves into the documented degradation of silicon nanobelt FET (NBFET) biosensors induced by buffer solutions. The results highlight a positive correlation between immersion time and the threshold voltage of NBFET devices. Secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis demonstrates a gradual increase in sodium and potassium ion concentrations within the silicon as immersion days progress. This outcome is ascribed to the nanobelt's exposure to the buffer solution during the biosensing period, enabling ion penetration from the buffer into the silicon. The study emphasizes the critical need to address buffer solution-induced degradation to ensure the long-term stability and performance of FET-based biosensors in practical applications.
Research on the Mechanism of Frost Heave Caused by Void Water Accumulation Behind the Lining of High-Speed Railway Tunnels in Cold Regions
Authors: DING Weicheng , WU Yimin , XU Peng , Hu Kaixun
Published: December 2023

In order to reveal the frost heaving mechanism of void water behind the lining of high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions，the voids were first classified according to the positional relationship between voids and waterproof panels，and then the water supply and discharge conditions of different types of voids were investigated，then the influence of the excretion conditions on the frost heave force was experimentally studied. Based on these conditions，circular wedge-shaped and flying saucer-shaped void freezing models were established to analyze the evolution process of accumulated water frost heave. Then，according to the relative position of the excretion channel and the void，the excretion coefficient was introduced，and the calculation method of the frost heaving force of the voided water was proposed，and the influencing factors and laws of the frost-heave force were revealed. The results are shown as follows: 1) The blockage of the excretion channel will lead to the generation of frost heaving force; 2) The freezing and thawing process of the water within the cavity develops from the thinnest part of the void edge to the thicker part，and the process of frost heave-thaw，water replenishment-re-freeze heave of the water within the cavity leads to greater and greater frost heave force; 3) The frost-heaving force of the water within cavity is controlled by the void height and the position of the excretion channel. The larger the cavity height is or the closer the excretion channel is to the bottom surface of the void，the greater the frost-heave force is.
A Gelatin Hydrogel Nonwoven Fabric Enhances Subcutaneous Islet Engraftment in Rats
Authors: Saito Ryusuke , Inagaki Akiko , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Imura Takehiro , Kanai Norifumi , Mitsugashira Hiroaki , Endo Kumata Yukiko , Katano Takumi , Suzuki Shoki , Tokodai Kazuaki , Kamei Takashi , Unno Michiaki , Watanabe Kimiko , Tabata Yasuhiko , Goto Masafumi
Published: December 2023

Although subcutaneous islet transplantation has many advantages, transplant efficiency is still low in animal models, except in mice. We previously reported the efficacy of pretreatment using gelatin hydrogel nonwoven fabric (GHNF) in a mouse model. We investigated whether the preimplantation of GHNF could improve the subcutaneous islet transplantation outcomes in a rat model. GHNF sheets sandwiching a silicone spacer (GHNF group) and silicone spacers without GHNF sheets (control group) were implanted into the subcutaneous space of recipients three weeks before islet transplantation, and diabetes was induced seven days before islet transplantation. Syngeneic islets were transplanted into the space where the silicone spacer was removed. Blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, immunohistochemistry, and neovascularization were evaluated. The GHNF group showed significantly better blood glucose changes than the control group (p<0.01). The cure rate was significantly higher in the GHNF group (p<0.05). The number of vWF-positive vessels was significantly higher in the GHNF group (p<0.01), and lectin angiography showed the same tendency (p<0.05). The expression of laminin and collagen III around the transplanted islets were also higher in the GHNF group (p<0.01). GHNF pretreatment was effective in a rat model, and the main mechanisms might be neovascularization and compensation of the extracellular matrices.
Identifikasi Kejadian Ikutan Pasca Imunisasi (KIPI) Vaksin Covid-19 pada Kelompok Komorbiditas di Desa Blaru Kecamatan Pati Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Setyoningsih Heni , Wicaksono Terentia Zahrani , Palupi Dian Arsanti
Published: December 2023

Kelompok komorbiditas diketahui menjadi kelompok yang rentan terinfeksi Covid-19. KIPI akibat vaksin Covid-19 dibedakan menjadi reaksi lokal dan reaksi sistemik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi KIPI akibat penggunaan vaksin Covid-19 pada kelompok komorbiditas di Desa Blaru Kecamatan Pati Kabupaten Pati. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode cross sectional. Jumlah total responden dalam penelitian sebanyak 92 orang masyarakat di Desa Blaru Kecamatan Pati Kabupaten Pati dan telah mendapatkan kedua dosis vaksin Covid-19. Vaksin Covid-19 yang digunakan diantaranya Sinovac, Astra Zeneca, Moderna, Pfizer, dan Biofarma. Berdasarkan karakteristik usia mayoritas 26-55 tahun sebanyak 59,8%; karakteristik jenis kelamin mayoritas wanita sebanyak 64,1%; karakteristik komorbid mayoritas hipertensi sebanyak 23,9%. Disamping itu, 68,5% responden tidak mengalami KIPI; 9,8% responden mengalami kelelahan; 6,5% responden mengalami demam; 5,4% responden mengalami nyeri di tempat suntik; 3,3 % responden mengalami pusing, nyeri sendi, dan kedinginan atau menggigil. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu tidak terdapat hubungan antara penyakit penyerta dengan KIPI vaksinasi Covid-19 karena hasil p (value) ≥ 0,05.
Potensi Pemanfaatan Umbi Bit (Beta vulgaris) Sebagai Imunomodulator dalam Meningkatkan Fagositosis Makrofag dan Proliferasi Limfosit
Authors: Winanta Aji , Haresmita Perdana Priya , Merilla Seputri
Published: December 2023

Tanaman Bit (Beta vulgaris L) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan masyarakat Indonesia yaitu sebagai bahan pangan yang kaya vitamin dan mineral. Pigmen merah yang ada di dalam tanaman bit merupakan senyawa nitrogen dengan aktivitas antioksidan tinggi. Senyawa kimia sebagai antioksidan dalam umbi bit polifenol, betalain, dan flavonoid. Berbagai jenis patogen seperti bakteri, virus, protozoa, dan parasit banyak ditemukan di lingkungan sekitar sehingga dapat menimbulkan berbagai infeksi pada manusia. Mekanisme pertahanan diri dalam tubuh manusia merupakan komponen dalam melawan senyawa patogen tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa flavonoid dalam ekstrak etanol umbi bit, menentukan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol umbi bit dan menentukan aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak etanol umbi bit secara in vitro. Ekstraksi umbi bit dipilih metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70% dan analisis kualitatif dipilih metode kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Analisis kuantitatif penentuan kadar flavonoid total dilaksanakan dengan metode kolorimetri dan penentuan aktivitas imunomodulator secara in vitro dilakukan dengan parameter indeks fagositosis, kapasitas fagositosis serta indeks stimulasi proliferasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol umbi bit mengandung flavonoid. Nilai kadar flavonoid total yang diperoleh dari ekstrak etanol umbi bit adalah sebesar 1,43 mgEK/g ekstrak. Penentuan aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak etanol umbi bit menunjukkan aktivitas fagositosis makrofag yang berbeda secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan kontrol sel. Konsentrasi 500 μg/mL menunjukkan aktivitas paling tinggi yaitu kapasitas fagositosis 82% ± 0,03 dan indeks fagositosis 4,46 ± 0,31 namun tidak memiliki aktivitas dalam meningkatkan proliferasi limfosit. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol umbi bit mempunyai potensi sebagai imumodulator kuat.
STREAMS HEAT INTEGRATION IN THE SEPARATION PROCESS OF THE FURFURAL-WATER HETEROAZEOTROPIC MIXTURE BY USING TWO STRETCHING COLUMNS
Authors: Babak Tatiana , Bykanov Sergey , Gorbunov Constantine , Ponomarenko Eugenia , Solovey Lyudmila
Published: December 2023

The process of azeotropic mixtures rectification takes place in many branches of the chemical industry. This process requires significant energy consumption both for heating and evaporation of process streams, and for vapor condensation and cooling of products. The consumption of external energy essentially depends on the methods of separation processes organization. Pinch analysis is one of the modern methods for designing chemical-technological systems with the aim of optimal use of external energy sources by maximizing the heat integration of system process streams, taking into account the limitations of a particular manufacture, the requirements of environmental safety and environmental protection. In this paper the heat integration of the heteroazeotropic furfural-water mixture separation process by two columns was considered. In each column the azeoptrope is a light-boiling one, and one of the mixture components is a low-boiling one. The heat and material balances of the rectifying plant were calculated and the table of its streams was formed, that is, the data of the chemical-technological system were extracted. From the total set of heat streams, the subset was selected for heat integration. Composite curves for the selected heat streams subject to heat integration were built and their relative position on the temperature-enthalpy diagram was analyzed. This analysis showed that for a certain value of the minimum temperature difference in the heat exchange equipment Тmin, there is a threshold problem. The problem was formulated for a value of Тmin slightly less than the threshold value that led to a slight increase in the consumption of external energy carriers. Options for further improvement of the network of heat exchangers were considered, and the occurrence of a cycle through the pseudopinch was identified. It gave possibility to remove a heat exchanger with a low load and redistribute this load among to other ones. Restoring Тmin in this case is impossible, because a strict restriction on the absence of hot utilities is accepted. Significant savings in external utilities load have been demonstrated. For retrofit modern Alfa Laval heat exchange equipment was selected for all the necessary positions.
PROSPECTS OF USING ALTERNATIVE FUELS FOR HEATING OF REGENERATIVE AIR HEATERS FOR BLASТ FURNACES
Authors: Koshelnik Oleksandr , Hoisan S. , Pugacheva Tatiana , Kruglyakova Olga , Pavlova Victoria
Published: December 2023

Landfill gas as one of the promising artificial gaseous fuels is analyzed for use in heating system of regenerative air heaters for blast furnaces. Increasing the temperature of blast is one of the most effective ways for metallurgical coke saving and increase the productivity of blast furnaces. To increase this temperature, a mixture of blast-furnace and coke oven gases is used as fuel for regenerative heat exchangers. Considering the current shortage of coke oven gas, landfill gas, the main combustible element of which is methane, is proposed as a high-calorie additive to the main fuel. Calculations were made for the combustion of a mixture of gaseous fuels in three combinations: blast-furnace gas, blast-furnace and coke gases mixture, blast-furnace and landfill gases mixture. The possibility of increasing the temperature of the hot blast to 1250 °C for the air supply system of a blast furnace with a volume of 1033 m³ was considered. Calculations showed that in order to achieve such a temperature, the adiabatic combustion temperature should be 1423 °C, and the flue gas temperature in the crown should be 1300 °C. Such temperatures cannot be reached using only blast-furnace gas, so two possible options were considered. The first option is the use of a coke and blast furnace gases mixture with a coke gas content of 6.3 % and combustion air heating to 180 °C by exhaust gases from blast furnace air heaters. The second option is combustion of a mixture of blast-furnace and landfill gas with combustion air heating to 180 °C (the content of landfill gas is 7.6 %). The flow rate of the fuel mixture for the second option is 68,523 m³ /h, and the required amount of landfill gas is 5208 m³ /h. The volumes of gas output from landfills in large cities are reported to be 5–10 MCM a year, which is less than the amount of biogas required to heat an air heater. Therefore, to achieve the required temperature it makes sense to consider a tree gas mixture that is blast-furnace, coke and landfill gases an appropriate proportions. The use of landfill gas contributes to the solution of an important environmental problem of land and atmosphere pollution during the accumulation of municipal solid waste.
SPATIAL INTERPRETATION OF A. EINSTEIN'S ENERGY EQUATION
Authors: Anipko Oleg B.
Published: December 2023

It is known that A. Einstein's theory is well applicable for macro objects. However, for micro systems it does not give valid results. The totality of all physical processes is described by four interrelated components – energy, substance (matter), space, time. There is no space component in the structure of the energy equation. Based on the unity of physical nature, it is of interest to create such a theory that was equally applicable to both macro and micro systems. An interpretation of this equation is proposed which contains the volume of space with a certain mass and energy. The resulting expression containing the specific energy of space, and the density of matter in this space, allows you to combine energy, space, time and matter into a single pattern. The directions of perspective researches are determined using the developed interpretation of the energy equation.
INTELLIGENT MODELS FOR CONTROL OF JET HYDRO-PROCESSING OF ROLLED STEEL DEFECTS
Authors: Ilyunin O. , Khodak M. , Pyrohov V. , Pasholoc O. , Tryhuba M. , Serdiuk S.
Published: December 2023

The structure of an intelligent control system for the hydro-processing of surface defects in rolled products is presented, which corresponds to the concept of the European program "Industry 4.0" in the direction of energy saving and total automation of processes.

The considered local RBNN hydro-processing models are tuned using the Kaczmarz-Widrow-Hoff algorithm. The model for identifying the current task of the pressure of the processing fluid takes into account the relationship between the thickness of the processed defect, changes in the composition of the working fluid and, as a result, its abrasive properties. To form a given pressure in the corresponding jet, the following neural model estimates the duration and polarity of the voltage that controls the electric drive of the jet control valve in real time.

The small-dimensional models’ conveyor is a promising solution for controlling waterjet processing of metals in such areas as rounding sharp edges; grinding and polishing complex surfaces; deburring and cleaning of welds; surface preparation for coating; removal of defects from the surface; high-precision waterjet cutting of metals. The solution will increase the speed of TP from 1.2 to 1.96 [m/s]. Taking into account the small dimensions of the models and the relatively low speed of the TP, a software application based on the proposed models can be implemented in the control system for the hydro-processing of rolled metal products in the form of an inexpensive IIOT microcontroller module.
TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEX OF SECONDARY CONDENSATION OF AMMONIA PRODUCTIONS AS AN OBJECT OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Authors: Babichenko А. К. , Кravchenko Ya. O. , Babichenko Yu. К. , Krasnikov I. L. , Lysachenko Y. H.
Published: December 2023

The features of the hardware and technological design of the technological complex of secondary condensation (TCSC) operating in Ukraine units for the synthesis of ammonia of the AM-1360 series have been established. The disadvantage of such units is the excessive consumption of electricity as a result of the use of an electrically driven turbocharger refrigeration unit. The direction of the study of TCSC as a technical system is determined from the standpoint of system analysis. Its advantages in solving inventive problems are determined. The technical system is considered element by element. The main control tasks that the TCSC operator performs are defined. The conclusion is made about the dependence of any technical system, which necessitates the presentation of TCSC as a subsystem in relation to the anthropometric system. Useful, maintenance and harmful functions of TCSC are isolated and analyzed. Their definition and belonging is due to certain properties of the elements of the technical system, which are provided by the main useful function. It is shown that the main useful function is derived from the needs of the operator. Therefore, the anthropometric system in relation to the technical system is a supersystem. The analysis of TCSC made it possible to establish administrative, technical and physical contradictions in accordance with the main useful function – increasing the energy efficiency of TCSC. A systematic approach was applied to perform a goal-oriented system of actions using such terms as visual situation, goal, goal achievement operators, resources, by-products (phenomena). The improvement operator (Q-innovation) of the technical system and "free" resources (R-innovation) for the implementation of the goal operator are determined. This made it possible to synthesize a new TCSC technical system, the increase in energy efficiency (i.e., the performance of the main useful function) of which is ensured by a reduction in electricity consumption by 3.6 thousand kWh even when the ambient air temperature rises above 30 °C.
ANALYSIS OF WASTE GASES CLEANING METHODS FROM SULFUR DIOXIDE
Authors: Dzevochko O. , Podustov M. , Dzevochko A. , Pashko А.
Published: December 2023

It is shown that sulfur dioxide is one of the most common components of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. It is stated that a large amount of SO2 is emitted into the atmosphere in the production of sulfuric acid, during fuel combustion in thermal power plants, and in modern production of surface-active substances.

It has been shown that sulfur dioxide is responsible for the formation of acid rain, which is one of the most common forms of pollution around the world.

It is stated that all known methods of waste gas purification are divided into three main groups: ammonia methods, SO2 neutralization methods, catalytic methods.

In general, absorption methods are divided into open and circulation cleaning schemes.

It is shown that ammonia-acid methods are economical, but require consumption of a scarce product - ammonia.

The ammonia-sulfuric-acid method consists in treating ammonium bisulfite with sulfuric acid.

When using the ammonia-phosphoric-acid cleaning method, phosphoric fertilizers and SO2 are formed, which can be further processed into sulfuric acid.

The sodium method is based on the absorption of sulfur dioxide by a CaO suspension.

It is indicated that when using a solution of sodium hydroxide as an absorbent, both open and circulating cleaning schemes are used.

It is shown that catalytic methods of waste gas purification do not require the use of an absorbent. However, it is necessary to use an expensive catalyst. Most often, this method is used at the first stage of cleaning, and at the second - the cleaning methods listed above.

The table with comparative technical and economic indicators is presented, the choice of one or another cleaning method depends on specific production conditions.

It is shown that for the production of surface-active substances it is better to use open cleaning schemes, which are distinguished by the simplicity of the equipment design, as well as the low consumption of energy for cleaning.

It is stated that sodium hydroxide solution can be chosen as an absorbent. If the sodium hydroxide solution contains small amounts of sodium sulfite, it can be used as a neutralizing agent in the neutralization of sulfation products.
APPLICATION OF CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEATERS OF HEAT EXCHANGERS WITH AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE CONTROL
Authors: Hurin I. , Nevlyudov I. , V. V. , Tokarieva O.
Published: December 2023

The article justifies the use of high-temperature heaters made of carbon-carbon composite material (CCCM) for the thermal unit of a silicon single crystal growth chamber. The conducted analysis confirms that the electrical properties of composite materials, specifically their specific resistance, allow for the creation of heating elements for high-temperature vacuum furnaces or furnaces operating in inert atmospheres at temperatures up to 2200°C.

The use of heaters made from carbon-carbon composite material eliminates the main drawback of graphite heaters - uncontrolled energy dissipation during resistive heating due to the presence of transient electrical resistance at the junctions of graphite plates, and ensures a more uniform temperature field throughout the chamber volume. The capabilities in terms of the maximum permissible temperature of such a CCCM heater exceed the working temperature by more than two times, which also positively affects the service life.

The modes of thermal processes occurring during crystal growth are determined by the technological process depending on the composition of the raw material and require high uniformity of heating in the working zone, high precision, and stability of the heater's temperature control. For precise temperature regulation, it is proposed to additionally measure the integral temperature in the chamber indirectly, which is based on measuring the electrical current passing through the heater, which is in thermodynamic equilibrium with the object. Thus, the heater is considered as a system susceptible to various thermal influences that determine the heat transfer process and the temperature change within the chamber and in the zone of the thermal unit's bricks.

An improved structural diagram of a step-type extremal control system is proposed for automatic temperature control of a high-temperature heater using modern power electronics, sensors, microprocessors. To ensure speed and accuracy in temperature control, the pulse-phase control method implemented with modern specialized thermoregulator with PID-regulation was applied.

Experimental tests conducted on the «Redmet-30» installation under factory conditions confirm the energy efficiency of using high-temperature heaters made of CCCM.
Differences in Nasal Shapes and the Degree of Changes Over a Decade or More: A Paired Analysis
Authors: Kim Younghac , Park Joo Hyun , Park Minhae , Lee Eunkyu , Hong Sang Duk , Jung Yong Gi , Ryu Gwanghui , Kim Hyo Yeol
Published: December 2023

Objectives. This study investigated age-related differences in nasal morphometry and the degree of changes within an individual over at least a 10-year period by pairing previous and recent three-dimensional reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images.Methods. Forty-eight adult Korean patients who underwent at least two CT scans of the nasal region with an interval of at least 10 years were selected. Patients were categorized into six subgroups according to sex and age (20–39 years, 40–49 years, and ≥50 years) at the time of initial imaging. Eight nasal parameters were measured on the initial and recent images, and paired comparisons between the two images were performed based on the data. The differences in the degree of change by age were also analyzed.Results. Over an average image interval of 12 years, men exhibited an increase in the nasofrontal angle (3.2°±5.4°, P=0.041), profile nasal length (1.7±1.7 mm, P=0.002), and nasal bridge height (1.2±1.6 mm, P=0.002). Conversely, they showed a decrease in the nasofacial angle (–2.3°±2.9°, P=0.010). Women also demonstrated an increase in the nasofrontal angle (2.5°±5.2°, P=0.010), profile nasal length (1.4±1.9 mm, P<0.001), and nasal bridge height (1.3±1.6 mm, P<0.001). However, they exhibited a decrease in the nasofacial angle (–2.0°±2.1°, P<0.001), glabella angle (–9.1°±9.8°, P<0.001), and pyriform angle (–8.5°±10.1°, P<0.001). With the exception of the nasal bridge height (P=0.036) and pyriform angle (P=0.022), the degree of changes in most parameters did not show significant differences across age groups.Conclusion. Our findings indicate that the aging nose exhibits a greater nasal length with inferior angulation of the nasal tip, with an increase in the nasofrontal angle, profile nasal length, and nasal bridge height, along with a decrease in the nasofacial angle. The degree of most nasal morphologic changes demonstrated no significant differences by specific age group.
Respuestas ante la ausencia familiar en la migración de adolescentes no acompañados en México
Authors: Corona-Maioli Susanna , Díaz de León Alejandra , Machado-Núñez Scarlett , Gómez-Juárez Jessica Esmeralda , Berenzon-Gorn Shoshana
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Conocer las diferentes respuestas de adolescentes centroamericanos que migran solos en México ante la ausencia familiar. Material y métodos. Se utilizaron métodos cualitativos y visuales (entrevistas semiestructuradas, técnica de elicitación visual, taller de dibujo y análisis temático). Se entrevistaron migrantes de entre 14 y 19 años no acompañados y trabajadores en servicios para migrantes. Resultados. Se identificaron tres respuestas: independización, resiliencia y formación de redes de apoyo fuera de la familia tradicional. Conclusión. Las diferentes respuestas muestran que la familia –como núcleo de personas cercanas– es una necesidad humana y la reunificación familiar debe ser prioridad cuando ésta es viable. Sin embargo, falta reconocimiento institucional de la complejidad de las múltiples situaciones familiares de adolescentes migrantes. Esta falta puede justificar su deportación sin debido análisis de la situación.
Enhancing Enzyme Stability and Functionality: Covalent Immobilization of Trypsin on Magnetic Gum Arabic Modified Fe3O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: BEHSHAD YASAMAN , Pazhang Mohammad , Najavand Saeed , Sabzi Mohammad
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to fabricate gum Arabic (GA)–coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles bearing numerous active aldehyde groups on their surface, followed by an assessment of their capability as a magnetic support for the covalent immobilization of the trypsin enzyme for the first time. FT-IR, XRD, TGA, and SEM results demonstrated the successful synthesis of GA-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles, along with the covalent immobilization of the enzyme onto the support. Immobilization enhanced the relative enzymatic activity across a range of aqueous solution pH levels (ranging from 4 to 11) and temperatures (ranging from 20 to 80°C) without altering the optimum pH and temperature for trypsin activity. Kinetic studies using Michaelis-Menten plots revealed changes in kinetic parameters, including a lower Vmax and higher Km for immobilized trypsin compared to the free enzyme. The immobilization onto magnetic gum Arabic nanoparticles resulted in an improved stability of trypsin in the presence of various solvents, maintaining a stability order comparable to that of the free enzyme due to the stabilizing effect of the support. The reusability results showed that the immobilized enzyme can retain over 93% of its activity for up to 15 cycles.