bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Karakteristik Arsitektural Bangunan Indis Pada Perumahan Pegawai PJKA Pengok Blok A & B di Yogyakarta
Authors: Hastati Fauza , Putri Kamase Giska Ayu Pradana , Jayatri Putra Pascaghana
Published: April 2021

Indis house is a designation for the living house that occupied by both Dutch and the Indo-Dutch that built in the Dutch Colonial age in style of combining between Europe architectural forms especially Dutch and local architectural (Java). This combining created architectural characteristics of Indis house that are different from traditional house. In planning and designing process, Indis house is influenced by many factors such as the condition of surroundings, tropical climate which are very different from the climate in Netherland, social status, and also combining forms between Europe architecture and local architecture. The housing of Pegawai Perusahaan Jawatan Kereta Api Pengok at block A and B in Yogyakarta as one of the Indis housing of Dutch Colonial inheritance has uniqueness that reflected on its setting whith background of many factors influenced it. This literatur uses rationalistic-qualitative metheod in approach to theoretical framework that is built base on assessment parameters of architectural characterictics of living house according to Habraken (1978) including spatial system, physical system, and stylistic system. The Housing of PJKA Pengok at Block A and B in Yogyakarta was influenced by arhitectural style from two periods of Indis architecture development in Indonesia, the first one is the period in 1800-1902 (the Empire Style), and the second one is the period in 1902-1920. It most influnced by sosial status of users that reflected on its physical building setting. This sosial status prevailed to inner that reflected on distinct separation between hoodgebouw and bijgebouw, and also the social status prevailed to outside was inter-occupants of the houses location based on level of positions in Centrale Werkplaats (Balai Yasa). Another factor that also influenced the architectural characteristics is local climate that makes this housing looks in characterictics of tropical house. Climate aspect is an essential consideration in Indis house as an effort to create freshness inside the house. Next, combining factors between Ducth architectural forms and the traditional (Java) also influenced the architectural setting. Europe forms seem at building elements like door, window, luifel, gevel, chimney, and floor while the local ones seem at pattern of figure ground, the existence of open space in form of front veranda, the compositition of open space and building, and also vegetation.
Karakteristik Permukiman Kota yang Memiliki Potensi Usaha Berbasis Rumah Tangga
Authors: Sushanti Ima Rahmawati , Fitri Intan Savia , Susanti Febrita
Published: April 2021

Urban settlement is a built environment in an urban area that plays a role in determining the structure and identity of the city. The urban settlement area is currently not only used as a residence equipped with facilities and infrastructure to meet the living needs of the residents who live in it, but also to meet their economic needs. Urban settlements have certain characteristics based on the community and activities in them so that they can become the identity of the area. The existence of the Mutiara, Gold and Silver industrial clusters in Sekabela sub-district, Mataram city has implications for the surrounding settlements, both in economic, environmental and social aspects. The emergence of slum settlements in the residences around the Pearl, Gold and Silver industry causes less optimal representation of the area as a shopping tourism area. This study aims to determine the characteristics of settlements with household-based business potential and development strategies. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with primary and secondary data collection and analysis of Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat. The results showed that the characteristics of the settlement were based on physical characteristics, namely: building layout, housing, facilities and infrastructure as well as the environment and non-physical characteristics, namely: the community and the activities that took place in it. The area development strategy based on settlement characteristics is in quadrant IV, namely the Competitive Strategy. Efforts are being made to improve the visual quality or image of the area, diversify the business and develop markets.
Coronavirus COVID-19 surface properties: Electrical charges status
Authors: Luisetto M , Tarro G , Khaled Edbey , Farhan Ahmad Khan , Yesvi AR , Nili BA , Fiazza C , Mashori GR , Latyshev OY
Published: April 2021

Aim of this work is to analyze the coronavirus viral surface properties related the pattern of electrical features. This chemical physical property is relevant and crucial to set profile of diffusion, severity of disease, efficacy of therapeutic strategy and in order to search new way to fight COVID-19 and the NEW VARIANT. The phenomena of immune evasion and the different pattern of efficacy towards variants of some vaccine or some antibodies combination produce the need to verify if considering the electrical feature of viral surface can be a right tool or not. As result of this research it is possible to submit to the scientist that the viral surface properties and electrical feature can be an element to be considered in various preventive or treatment measure. The specificity of action of some vaccine or antibodies seem to tell us that also the aspecific methods are useful. A specific chemico physical factors can influence the electrical charges viral surface behavior. Hpertonic saline solution, humidity, electrical charge barrier in mask are simply example of the effect. That can be obtained action on viral surface chemico -physical properties.
The Role of Native Weaknesses and Cultural Conflicts in Escalating Colonial Supremacy in the Igbo Society, as Perceived in Arrow of God by Chinua Achebe
Authors: Islam Momtajul
Published: April 2021

The colonial invaders and their repressive means of governance in Africa were not the only reasons that could be solely held accountable for the fall of indigenous African society during the colonial invasion. Native weaknesses, socio-cultural conflicts and hegemony were equally responsible for the falling apart of native social setups when confronted with colonial alternatives. Native people had had their own covert religious and cultural limitations long before the colonizers entered their soil. The colonial powers cleverly used such inherent societal flaws of African people as excuses to impose European religion and traditions on them. Chinua Achebe does not blindly idealize native African traditions in his writings. He frequently narrates his doubts on flawed socio-cultural practices and moral dualities in the native society, too. This paper is an attempt to explore how innate weaknesses of native Igbo people, socio-cultural conflicts and domination in the native society have also made it easier for the colonial administration to prolong their supremacy in the Igbo land, as depicted in Arrow of God by Chinua Achebe. It also elaborates how Ezeulu, the chief priest of god Ulu, falls from dominance in his society because of his intent to execute personal desires which jeopardize his societal role in the Igbo land.
Trachoma prevention practice among mothers with child age of under-9 years and factors associated in rural district of Oromia Region, Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Tadesse Abera  , Wendimagegn Tilahun  , Imiru Waqjira
Published: April 2021

Background: Worldwide, 2.2 million people are visually impaired, and nearly 1.2 million people are irreversibly blind because of Trachoma. Women and girls are particularly vulnerable to infection, as they are often the primary caregivers of children, and children are the greatest source of infection with Trachoma. As prevention option to Trachoma, World Health Organization recommends Facial cleanliness (F), Environmental Improvement (E), Antibiotics (A) and Surgery (S), which abbreviated as “SAFE”. Though research findings show that Trachoma found in communities with poor hygiene and unimproved environmental condition of a community, there is a research gap talking about the root cause for poor hygiene and unimproved environment related to Trachoma occurrence. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess Trachoma preventive practice among mothers and factors associated in the study area. Method and Materials: Community based cross-sectional study design with interview questions was used from Dec 06-26/2017. The study was done on 845 mothers sampled using two stages stratified sampling technique followed by systematic random sampling from 10 Kebeles. To identify association between independent and dependent variables, multiple logistic regressions was applied using SPSS version 20 data analysis software. AOR with 95% CI at a p-of 0.05 was used to ascertain the association between dependent and independent variables. Results: Based on the study result, households with overall good Trachoma preventive practice were found to be 412 (51.5%). Residence (AOR= 1.8; p-0.01), household wealth (AOR= 1.8; p-0.01), mother trachoma preventive knowledge (AOR= 1.6; p-0.02) water getting frequency (AOR, = 0.6; p-0.01) and time taken to water point (AOR= 0.3; p-0.01) were factors significantly and independently associated to good preventive practice at p-0.05 in the study District. Conclusion: The overall Trachoma preventive practice of the study district was 51.5%. Improving HH wealth status, mother’s capacity building, special attention to urban sanitation and improving water supply status are recommended factors to improve the overall level of Trachoma preventive practice of study population to protect children of age under 9 years.
Writing research proposal
Authors: S .Vasanthakumari
Published: April 2021

A research proposal is a written document specifying what a researcher intends to study and written before beginning the research which communicate research problem and proposed methods of solving it. A research proposal should be built on a concrete plan to conduct academic or scientific research. Types of proposals include internal, external, solicited, unsolicited, preproposals, continuation or non-competing and renewal or competing. Purpose of a Research Proposal is to convince the organization and readers .Characteristics need to be based on attention, interest, desire and action. Qualities of good proposal include specific scope, realistic nature, appropriate credentials, fulfill needs, beneficial, short and simple. Need for good preparation of proposal is vital in formulating proposal, assisting researcher and improving the research quality. Functions of Proposal consists to synthesize critical thinking, clarifies own thinking, refine proposed research, communicate ideas, open thinking and negotiation between researcher and involved parties. Basic composition of Proposal needs a beginning, middle and an end. Typical proposal format includes title, abstract, introduction, background, preliminary studies, research methodology, budget, curriculum vitae for principal investigators, appendix and human subjects. Proposal development strategies and writing tips includes use of outline , listings, visuals, forecasting , internal summaries , significant issues , sequencing components , review , edit , proof read , avoiding overkill point and errors . Proposals are turned down when problems are trivial, complex, nebulous, diffuse without clear aim, lack of sufficient evidence, imagination and originality.
Молекулярно-генетические основы персонализированной терапии гастроинтестинальной стромальной опухоли ингибиторами рецепторных тирозинкиназ (обзор)
Authors: Козинова Марья Т. , Абалаков Г. А. , Шарипова Д. В. , Шимановский Н. Л.
Published: April 2021

В статье проводится обзор исследований фармакотерапии гастроинтестинальной стромальной опухоли как пример персонализированной медицины. В обзоре показаны особенности применения препаратов иматиниб, сунитиниб и регорафениб, которые ингибируют АТФ-связывающий домен рецепторной тирозинкиназы KIT, что во многом определяет развитие устойчивости ко всем 3 препаратам. Также дана характеристика одобренных в 2020 г. препаратов рипретиниб (ингибирующий активационную петлю рецептора KIT, что увеличивает спектр чувствительности среди разных мутаций) и авапритиниб (ингибитор для PDGFRA-мутантных опухолей). Новые препараты вместе с другими 3 лекарственными средствами позволяют предложить пациентам индивидуальный сценарий лечения в зависимости от конкретной мутации.
Изучение енол-енольной таутомерии нитизинона в растворах методами ЯМР-спектроскопии
Authors: Кузьмина Наталия Евгеньевна , Моисеев Сергей Владимирович , Лутцева Анна Ивановна
Published: April 2021

Проведены исследования методами 1H и 13C ЯМР-спектроскопии строения нитизинона (β,β’-трикетонного обратимого ингибитора фермента 4-гидроксифенилпируват-диоксигеназы) в различных протонных и апротонных растворителях. Показано, что в растворах при комнатной температуре нитизинон существует в виде эндо-енольного таутомера, экзо- енольный таутомер не обнаружен. В эндо-енольном таутомере протекает прототропная таутомерия цикла (миграция протона между положениями 1 и 3), скорость которой возрастает с усилением полярности растворителя. Минеральный состав биологической жидкости не влияет на таутомерное равновесие. Конформационная жесткость молекулы нитизинона является причиной неэквивалентности положений 1 и 3 циклогексенового фрагмента с позиции связывания молекулы нитизинона c ферментным комплексом Fe(II)*4-гидроксифенилпируват-диоксигеназы.
Design of a Four-Seat, General Aviation Electric Aircraft
Authors: Chouhan Priya , Mourtos Nikos J.
Published: April 2021

Financial and environmental considerations continue to encourage aircraft manufacturers to consider alternate forms of aircraft propulsion. On the financial end, it is the continued rise in aviation fuel prices, as a result of an increasing demand for air travel, and the depletion of fossil fuel resources; on the environmental end, it is concerns related to air pollution and global warming. New aircraft designs are being proposed using electrical and hybrid propulsion systems, as a way of tackling both the financial and environmental challenges associated with the continued use of fossil fuels. While battery capabilities are evolving rapidly, the current state-of-the-art offers an energy density of ~ 250 Wh/kg. This is sufficient for small, general aviation electric airplanes, with a modest range no more than 200 km. This paper explores the possibility of a medium range (750 km) electric, four-seat, FAR-23 certifiable general aviation aircraft, assuming an energy density of 1500 Wh/kg, projected to be available in 2025. It presents the conceptual and preliminary design of such an aircraft, which includes weight and performance sizing, fuselage design, wing and high-lift system design, empennage design, landing gear design, weight and balance, stability and control analysis, drag polar estimation, environmental impact and final specifications. The results indicate that such an aircraft is indeed feasible, promising greener general aviation fleets around the world. Keywords: general aviation aircraft, electric aircraft, aircraft design
The D-Learning Alternative during COVID-19 Crisis: A Preliminary Evaluation based on Kirkpatrick’s Model
Authors: Ismaili Jalal , Ouazzani Ibrahimi El Houcine
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed schools around the world under unprecedented challenges where saving students’ lives is placed ahead of education as a priority. Within these conditions of distress and uncertainty, education authorities had no choice but to move traditional classes into online ones to ensure the sustainability of studies. The abrupt inevitable decision has been a first for most if not all teachers and students who are invited to cope with a totally new teaching/learning model without necessarily having prior experience in Distance Learning in terms of apparatus or techniques. This study comes as an in-progress appraisal of the D-learning scenarios proposed by Moulay Ismail University (MIU) in Meknes, Morocco, based on a two-level evaluation model (Reaction and Learning) proposed by Daniel Kirkpatrick. It is a real-time evaluation of a learning strategy that has long been considered optional for some students, to become, rather, a plan A constituent for many education departments around the world. The study investigates areas of success and failure from the students’ perspective via 4 sub-indicators: accessibility, autonomy, retention and psychological impact. The study concludes that the figures can be more reassuring about the D-learning experience in MIU once issues related to connectivity and communication are redressed. Keywords: d-learning, e-learning, pandemic, COVID-19, Kirkpatrick’s model, information and communication technology
STORYTELLING METHOD TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S VOCABULARY IN RA SEMBILAN BINTANG CITAYAM
Authors: Octavita Rr.astri Indriana , Ulfa Rima Novia
Published: April 2021

Vocabulary is an important component in teaching English in addition to other components such as structure, pronunciation and intonation. Vocabulary has a very vital role. If a student is weak in the habit of using vocabulary, then the student cannot communicate his thoughts and ideas as accurately as he wants both oral and written. The method of storytelling is a method for developing children's language skills, while the function of storytelling is to help the development of children's language skills, by adding vocabulary vocabulary, saying words, training in composing sentences in accordance with the stage of development.The method of storytelling is a one of method to develop children's language skills, while the function of storytelling is to help the development of students' language skills, by adding vocabulary vocabulary, saying words, training in composing sentences in accordance with the stage of development. The method of storytelling was chosen by the researchers to demonstrate it infront  of RA Sembilan Bintang students, which is locatd in Citayam, West Java.
Readability Assessment of English Junior High School Textbooks by Implementing Cloze Procedure
Authors: Sari Rita Karmila
Published: April 2021

Textbooks that are too difficult to read will decrease students’ motivation in learning, while textbooks that are too easy to read will make students less interested in reading them. Therefore, the readability analysis needs to be done so that the textbooks used as learning media are suitable for the students who become the target readers of the books. This study analyzes the texts in Junior High School English textbooks entitled “English in Focus” grades VII, VIII, and IX published by the Center of Book Archieve of the Department of National Education by using cloze procedure. The tests were carried out in SMPN 1 Gunungputri and SMP Sejahtera 2 Cileungsi, involving students in grades VII, VIII, and IX. The texts tested were adapted to their grade levels. The tests were made in the form of 100 words which were then omitted at every 5th word. The readability results of “English in Focus” textbook are that not all texts in the book are suitable for students who use it. If the books are considered as suitable teaching material, these books need some changes because there are 6 texts from the total of 24 texts that are considered too difficult for students.

Keywords: textbook assessment, readability, cloze procedure
The Development and Application of Bilingual Engineering in an Education Institution (A Case Study in RMB)
Authors: Mardiana Diand
Published: April 2021

Teaching Speaking effectively is one of problems in the field of language teaching.  Many teachers and schools are frustated in activating students’ speaking ability. We need a research to find an appropriate teaching method and teaching strategy to handle the problem. This qualitative research was applied by using system perspective. Theoretically, system perspective is a study of system by questioning: how and why a system entirely works as it should be. The researcher will come into the system, observing how the bilingual engineering is applied. The object of the research will be focused on observing the forms of bilingual engineering and all parties’ opinion related to applying bilingual program. The researcher also did literature study as a comparative study especially related to bilingual theory. The result of the research shows that the program is success. It is shown by the good satisfaction level. Satisfaction will be able to improve school’s academic achievement. Finally, the researcher believes that the application of the bilingual program has a significant implication to the school’s overall achievement. 
Flipped Virtual Classroom Learning Model for the Course Study Discourse Analysis in Translation
Authors: Purwanto Andri
Published: April 2021

This study aims to explain the learning models of flipped virtual classroom that can be applied in virtual classrooms in discourse analysis in Translation courses. When teaching, the learning model is explained by using video as an appropriate and efficient choice pattern to achieve learning objectives.  Flipped virtual classroom is a learning model that transfers synchronous virtual classroom models to asynchronous virtual classroom models. The research method in this discourse analysis in Translation course was through literary sources. The purpose of the research is to provide information about virtual learning methods as a means of enhancing learning and language proficiency in Bahasa Indonesia combined with translation reflection theory.  The virtual learning model can be combined with variations of learning models such as: Problem-based Learning, Inquiry-based Learning, Project-based Learning, Research-based Learning.  In conclusion, through the choice of an asynchronous virtual classroom learning model and the application of discourse analysis in Translation as a reflection activity in translation, students are able to make a more detailed and deeper translation analysis.
Making Sense of Collaborative Writing: A Student-Experience-Based Perspective
Authors: Thabran Yulhenli , Efriza Dony , Heryanti Reny
Published: April 2021

The present study examines four pairs or eight students who wrote their creative writing assignments collaboratively. As opposed to the popular view, which stated that writing is one of the most difficult subjects to learn for EFL students, many studies have reported that collaborative writing (henceforth CW) is regarded as a technique that can improve students’ productive writing skills to a great extent. The researchers would like to see how effective CW was for the students who did their writing assignments with their pairs by employing a qualitative case study to examine the eight students’ experiences in writing their essays and fictional stories. The researchers wanted to know why some students could adapt to this learning model, and others faced some problems or failed to achieve the target of learning outcomes. Opened-ended questionnaire and in-depth interviews are used to elicit data from the students. The first pair was the most successful example of partnership in writing since they opened themselves for critiques and suggestions. In contrast, the second pair had some problems that disturbed their collaboration as they did not seem to open themselves for critiques and suggestions. The third pair failed to do an effective partnership because they could not solve problems that blocked their cooperation right from the beginning. The fourth pair found their way for an effective collaboration when they opened themselves for critiques and suggestions. The success or failure in the partnership heavily depends on each student collaborator's willingness to open themselves for criticism and suggestion.
Students’ Perception of Teachers’ Creativity in Implementing Home Learning at SMK Duta Mas
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Angkarini Tri , Tanamal Nini Adelina
Published: April 2021

The Indonesian government formally enforces rules of study, worship, and work from home from March 16th, 2020. Minimizing and limiting meetings involving physical contact are efforts to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 virus. These conditions have implications for the effectiveness of the learning process in schools. The implementation of a home learning program replacing face to face-to-face schooling raised some problems from the lack of teachers’ skills to hazy educational policies. Because of that reason this study is conducted to find out students’ perception of teachers’ creativity in implementing home learning programs during the pandemic. There were 60 participants chosen by simple random sampling from grade 11th, the academic year 2019-2020, SMK Duta Mas. A questionnaire with a Likert scale was used to collect data. Then data analysis employed qualitative descriptive research to analyse indicators of teachers’ creativity proposed by Slameto. The findings of this study reveal that from 6 indicators of teachers’ creativity, 5 of them have a high percentage and the average total percentage is 79.26%. Therefore, it can be concluded that students’ perception of teachers’ creativity in SMK Duta Mas in implementing home learning during the pandemic is considered high. However, teachers need to improve their ability in creating media for learning because it is very important to improve students’ learning achievement and to motivate them to learn.
EVALUASI PERILAKU LALU LINTAS TERHADAP SELA KRITIS ARUS LALU LINTAS PADA SIMPANG TIGA DI JALAN SOEKARNO – HATTA KENDAL
Authors: Utami Sri Rejeki Laku
Published: April 2021

Perilaku lalu lintas dari pengguna jalan maupun geometrik jalan juga menjadi faktor penunjang kelancaran arus lalu lintas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengoptimalan kinerja, karakteristik dan kapasitas lalu lintas, kuantitas untuk simpang 3 jalan Soekarno-Hatta Kendal arah perum Purin menggunakan Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI) 1997. Pengambilan data dilakukan selama 3 minggu. Dalam sehari diambil 3 waktu pada saat jam sibuk, yaitu pukul 06.00-07.30, 11.00-12.30, 14.30-16.00. Pengolahan data menggunakan MKJI (1997) yang ditentukan berdasarkan kapasitas dan geometrik jalan pada simpang 3 jalan Soekarno-Hatta arah Purin. Pada simpang tersebut dibagi menjadi 3 golongan, yaitu Segmen A (dari Barat), Segmen B (dari Timur), Segmen C (dari Selatan).

Karakteristik lalu lintas dan arus lalu lintas dari simpang tiga jalan Soekarno-Hatta Kendal arah Purin merupakan tipe jalan 4 lajur terbagi 4/2 D dengan kelas hambatan samping rendah dengan nilai FCSf = 0,94 berdasarkan lebar bahu 0,5 m. Faktor penyesuaian hambatan samping dan lebar bahu dengan maks. 0,5 m – 2 m. Pada simpang tiga jalan Soekarno-Hatta lebar jalur lalu lintas > 3,75 m, maka nilai FCW pada penyesuaian  kapasitasnya adalah 1,03.Hasil penelitian diperoleh data kondisi pada ruas jalan Segmen A, dengan volume = 3999,3 smp/jam, DS = 1,3, ITP = F. Kemudian pada Segmen B diperoleh volume = 2743,6 smp/jam, DS = 0,91, ITP = D, sedangkan pada Segmen C nilai volume = 249,9 smp/jam, untuk DS = 0,08, nilai ITP = A. Arus lalu lintas yang paling padat kendaraan terjadi pada hari Selasa dikarenakan volume arus lalu lintas mencapai 3999,3 dengan DS = 1,3, ITP = F. Dapat disimpulkan volume arus lalu lintas buruk, dikarenakan awal hari masuk kerja dan aktifitas minggu. Arus lalu lintas terpadat terjadi pada Segmen A dan Segmen B, yang menyebabkan pemberian kesempatan sela tolak-terima bagi pengguna jalan dari Segmen C harus seimbang guna mengendalikan dan mengurangi konflik pada simpang tiga jalan Soekarno-Hatta Kendal dengan cara pemberian petunjuk jalan yang jelas seperti traffic light bagi Segmen C.
EVALUASI JARINGAN SEKUNDER DAERAH IRIGASI (D.I) KENCONOREJO KECAMATAN TULIS TULIS KABUPATEN BATANG JAWA TENGAH
Authors: - Martadi , Laku Utami Sri Rejeki , - Subekhi
Published: April 2021

Daerah Jaringan Irigasi Wilayah Daerah Irigasi D.I) Kenconorejo merupakan irigasi teknis yang mempunyai jaringan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS). Daerah irigasi ini di bangun untuk meningkatkan produksi pertanian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efisiensi dan efektifitas aliran sungai pada jaringan saluran irigasi wilayah (D.I) kenconorejo serta untuk mengetahui perhitungan analisis data debit DAS saluran irigasi wilayah daerah irigasi (D.I) Kenconorejo. Penelitian ini berlokasi di desa Kedungsegog Kecamatan Tulis Kabupaten Batang dilakukan  dalam waktu tiga bulan. Jenis penelitiannya berupa penelitian kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan sumber data primer dan sekunder dengan metode pengumpulan data observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Analisis pengolahan data dengan mengukur debit aliran, melihat data saluran dan data curah hujan saluran irigasi sekunder yang menghasilkan bahwa Jaringan Irigasi Wilayah Daerah Irigasi (D.I) Kenconorejo cukup efisien dan efektif di wilayah Desa Kedungsegog bkj 1a debit inflow 0,263 /d outflow 0,0640 /d kehilangan 0,1991 /d,untuk bkj 1b di desa yang sama debit inflow 0,0853 /d, outflow 0,0671 /d kehilangan 0,0182 /d efisiensi 55,54% dalam satu desa, Desa Kenconorejo bkj 2 debit inflow 0,0761 /d outflow 0,0554 /d kehilangan 0,0207 /d efisiensi 98,67%, bkj 3 debit inflow 0,0663 /d outflow 0,0562 /d kehilangan 0,0101 /d efisiensi 94,63% dan Desa Ponowareng bkj 4 debit inflow 0,443 /d outflow 0,0341 /d kehilangan 0,0102 /d efisiensi, bkj 5 debit inflow 0,0331 /d outflow 0,0212 /d kehilangan 0,0119 /d, bkj 6 debit inflow 0,0230 /d debit outflow 0,0125 /d kehilangan 0,0105 /d dan efisiensi untuk tiga bkj dalam satu desa 92,59%. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman padi, Jaringan irigasi Desa Kedungsegog berfungsi sebagai penguras lumpur dengan tampung debit 700 /d, Desa Kenconorejo dengan tampung debit 500 /d, dan Desa Ponowareng dengan tampung debit 160 /d.
Examination of General Competencies and Needs of Pre-School and Classroom Teacher Candidates in Terms of Assessment and Evaluation Course
Authors:   Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University (Turkey), Yeler Mustafa , Oğuz Aytunga ,   Kütahya Dumlupınar University (Turkey)
Published: April 2021

This study examines the general competencies and the requirements of classroom and preschool teacher candidates in terms of assessment and evaluation course. The study group consisted of 140 4th-year teacher candidates randomly selected from a total of 256 teacher candidates studying at Classroom Teaching and Preschool departments of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Education Faculty, Turkey. In this study, a mixed research approach and a convergent design, in which quantitative and qualitative studies are used to support each other’s strengths, were used. To collect quantitative data, the “Measurement and Evaluation Common Competency Perception Scale for Teacher Candidates” (MECCPSTC), which was developed by Nartgün (2008), was used. The qualitative data of the study were obtained thorough the open-ended questions that were asked to 13 teacher candidates through focus group interview technique. In the analysis of the quantitative data, descriptive statistics, t-test and one-way ANAVO were used. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the qualitative data. The findings showed that approximately one fourth of the teacher candidates had the opinion that they were “sufficient and very sufficient” in terms of their learning in the assessment and evaluation course. The scores of three quarters of the teacher candidates obtained from the scale were at “moderate and very insufficient” interval. In addition, it was examined whether there was a significant difference between the scores of teacher candidates obtained from Basic concepts” (BC), “Measurement techniques” (MT), “Statistical analysis and Reporting” (SAT) dimensions, and total score of the scale in terms of age, gender, department and belief in appointment variables. The codes obtained from the analysis of qualitative data were grouped under themes. Each theme was arranged and interpreted in a table with the codes within the scope. The results obtained from the analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data were combined and discussed and recommendations were developed.
Examination of Individuals’ Level of Fear of COVID-19, Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), and Ruminative Thought Style
Authors:   Düzce University (Turkey), Bayın Ümit , Makas Samet ,   Sakarya University (Turkey), Çelik Eyüp ,   Sakarya University (Turkey), Biçener Eda ,   Sakarya University (Turkey)
Published: April 2021

In the current study, it was aimed to examine the relationships between individuals’ fear of COVID-19, fear of missing out (FoMO), and ruminative thought style levels. The participants consisted of 408 individuals aged between 17-68, of which 110 were male and 298 were female. In this study, The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Fear of Missing Out Scale, and Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire were used in order to collect data. Relational survey method was used in the research. In the mediation analysis, it was observed that the ruminative thought style has a mediator role in the relationship between FoMO and fear of COVID-19. According to the findings, women have a higher fear of COVID-19 and ruminative thought style levels than men, besides that married individuals' fear of COVID-19 level is higher than single individuals, but FoMO and ruminative thought levels are lower.
Tugas Resume
Authors: hasniar
Published: April 2021

Laisses Faire merupakan diksi dari bahasa Prancis yang berarti biarkan berbuat
Differential expression of PROS1 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding protein S (alpha), PROS1, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. PROS1 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of PROS1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with luminal A subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. PROS1 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Tugas7_Inatul Hinayah_Kritik Adam Smith Terhadap Pemikiran Merkantilisme
Authors: Hinaya Inatul
Published: April 2021

Adam Smith (1723-1790) yang merupakan Seorang Ekonomi Inggris menyampaikan kritik terhadap merkantilisme ini dalam bukunya “Wealth of Nation” memberikan saran agar tidak ada campur tangan pemerintah dalam ekonomi pasar. Smith mengatakan bahwa seharusnya permintaan dan penawaran yang mengatur ekonomi. Smith dengan istilahnya Laissez Faire menekankan agar negara memberikan kekuasan terhadap para pelaku pasar dalam hal penentuan kebijakan pasar mereka sendiri dengan mempertimbangkan keunggulan spesialsisasi dan produktiftas. Menurutnya hal ini dapat memberikan motivasi kepada masyarakat untuk terlibat dalam pasar dan bersaing secara sehat dengan para pesaingnya.
Viruses causing acute respiratory infections transmit via tight population bottlenecks
Authors: Zhao Lei , Daniels Rodney , McCauley John , Illingworth Chris
Published: April 2021

Recent analyses of virus transmission have used genome sequence data to infer greatly contrasting transmission bottlenecks, with estimates differing by orders of magnitude. We here describe two simple mathematical models, the first considering transmission bottlenecks within an epidemiological framework, and the second evaluating the effect of particle diffusion on bottleneck sizes in a scenario where large numbers of particles could be transmitted. Our models suggest that, barring specific circumstances, tight population bottlenecks, involving few viral particles, are intrinsically likely in the spread of viruses causing respiratory infection. Our study provides a simple prior for studies of virus transmission, potentially grounding future research in this area.
Kritik Adam Smith terhadap merkantilisme
Authors: Aprilia Aninda
Published: April 2021

Untuk mengetahui bagaimana kritik Adam Smith terhadap merkantilisme
Konsep Ekonomi Laissez Faire
Authors: Rafki Mirna
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini terkait dengan seperti apa konsep ekonomi laissez faire
Who would mourn democracy? Liberals might, but it depends on who’s in charge
Authors: Benjamin Rachele , Laurin Kristin , Chiang Mindy
Published: April 2021

Despite widespread support for the principles of democracy, democratic norms have been eroding globally for over a decade. We ask whether and how political ideology factors into people’s reactions to democratic decline. We offer hypotheses derived from two theoretical lenses, one considering ideologically-relevant dispositions, and another considering ideologically-relevant situations. Pre-registered laboratory experiments combined with analyses of World Values Survey data indicate that there is a dispositional trend: Overall, liberals are more distressed than conservatives by low democracy. At the same time, situational factors also matter: This pattern emerges most strongly when the ruling party is conservative, and disappears (though it does not flip into its mirror image) when the ruling party is liberal. Our results contribute to ongoing debates over ideological symmetry and asymmetry; they also suggest that, if democracy is worth protecting, not everyone, everywhere will feel the urgency.
Fathers’ Time Off Work After the Birth of a Child and Relationship Dissolution among Socioeconomically Disadvantaged U.S. Families
Authors: Petts Richard , Carlson Daniel L. , Knoester Chris
Published: April 2021

Relationship dissolution is common among socioeconomically disadvantaged parents. This study utilizes longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS) to assess whether fathers’ time off work after the birth of a child reduces the likelihood of parents dissolving their relationship. We also consider whether the association between fathers’ time off work and relationship dissolution is mediated by fathers’ support of mothers and moderated by union type. Results indicate that the risk of relationship dissolution is lower when fathers take time off work after the birth of a child. Results also suggest that longer periods of time off work (i.e., two or more weeks) are associated with a lower risk of relationship dissolution among married couples, although overall evidence for variations by union type are mixed. Additionally, there is evidence that the association between fathers’ time off work and relationship dissolution is at least partially explained by higher levels of relationship support among fathers who took time off work after the birth of a child. Overall, findings suggest that providing fathers with opportunities to take time off for the birth of a child may help to promote relationship stability among socioeconomically disadvantaged couples in the U.S.
Comparison between Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Estimation in Structural Equation Modelling and Effects of Informative Priors
Authors: Chonu Gi Kunchana
Published: April 2021

The aims of this study are to compare the maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods for estimation in structural equation modelling in real large data sets with different degrees of multivariate non-normality and to investigate the effects of non-informative and informative priors on parameter estimates in Bayesian structural equation modelling. Two data sets from the British Household Panel Survey are taken for the analyses, with total respondents of 6,522 and 7,150. In each of them, eighteen questions are drawn to be indicators for seven latent variables. In this dissertation, three separate hypothesised models are constructed in order to increase a variety of multivariate non-normality degrees; these are Models A, B and C. The research findings provided from classical structural equation modelling show that Model A and Model B are well fitted with a non-significant chi-square statistic at a bootstrap probability of more than 0.05, while Model C is also reasonably fitted with a significant chi-square statistic at a bootstrap probability of just below 0.05. The comparative fit indices in all models illustrate very high values; additionally, the root mean square error of approximation values are rather low. Furthermore, all estimated parameters are significant at a p-value of 0.001 and there are no zero values lying between their bootstrap confidence intervals. Under the multivariate non-normal condition, maximum likelihood estimators seem to lose their efficiency property, but not by much, and are robust to violation due to the large sample size. As for the findings from Bayesian structural equation modelling, all the estimated parameters of the three models are also significant. When incorporated with non-informative priors, the estimates and their standard errors are equivalent to the ones yielded by classical structural equation modelling. On the other hand, the parameters generated with informative priors vary according to the prior means but the standard errors are diminished consistently for all estimates, in comparison with the ones provided from classical structural equation modelling and Bayesian structural equation modelling with non-informative priors. The posterior distributions after being updated by the informative priors appear to be more normal owing to a decrease in skewness and kurtosis; moreover, the ones produced from Model B, which has the highest non-normality, are most affected by the informative priors according to the change in skewness and kurtosis.
Simulation and Sustainability Assessment Of H2S Utilization from Acid Gas on Haldor Topse Wet Gas Sulfuric Acid and Claus
Authors: Binawae Sitisaro , Adi Putra Zulfan
Published: April 2021

Claus process is a widely adopted process to reduce emissions from refineries by converting H2S into elemental sulfur. On the other hand, Haldor Topsoe’s Wet Gas Sulfuric Acid (WSA) is an alternative to convert H2S directly into sulfuric acid. The purpose of this project was to simulate both of these state-of-the-art technologies and evaluate their suitability for various acid gas capacity and H2S concentrations. Three sustainability pillars of people (safety), planet (environment), and profit were used as the comparison metrics. The developed simulation (1st principle) models were used to generate lots of data as the basis for subsequent development of regression models. The latter models were used in the comparisons for they are much faster in calculations than the 1st principle models. The results showed that the WSA process was safer (lower Fire and Explosion Damage Index), more environmentally friendly (lower Global Warming Potential), and more profitable (higher annual profit) in most of the evaluated operating conditions.
Understanding digital trends in marketing agribusiness products: critical analysis of international publications
Authors: Hermawati Adya , Fettry Sylvia , Suhermin Suhermin
Published: April 2021

This review study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the extent to which digital trends in marketing agribusiness products are under the needs of farmers who live and farm in today's digital era. We chose to analyze national and international publications to understand the objectives of the study quickly. So our step is to look for study evidence data through electronic searches on Google Scholar-based data published between 2010 and 2021 to get the latest data. Furthermore, our data analysis involves data coding, evaluation, and in-depth interpretation to obtain valid and reliable findings as expected in the study findings. Because this study was conducted during the pandemic, we tried to get secondary data and follow descriptive qualitative data experts' directions. As a result, we can conclude another way that digital marketing in marketing agricultural products is a technique that is becoming trendy in many places. The digital trend is chosen by many people because of its easy and cheap principles so that both farmers and buyers will be lucky because marketing operations have been trimmed. Thus the results of this study are helpful for many parties.
Estimation of rainfall based on remote sensing and observation fields in Jaru Biological Reserve at the Brazilian Amazonian forest
Authors: SANTOS DA SILVA ALVES ALVES KEYLYANE , SANCHES LUCIANA , REIS DE ANDRADE NARA LUÍSA , SANTOS SOUZA GUARIENTE GRACYELI , ZEILHOFER PETER
Published: April 2021

The Amazon basin, with a drainage area of about 6 million km2, is the largest drainage basin in the world, consequently the accurate measuring the rainfall dynamics at high spatial and temporal resolution is essential for a better understanding of the hydrological cycle. So, we validated rainfall estimates from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite using surface precipitation data collected from 2004 to 2012. Rainfall data came from the Jaru Biological Reserve meteorological station, located to the east in the state of Rondônia, Brazil, and was compared with the estimates of the algorithms 3B42 V7 and 3B43 V7 of the product TRMM. Statistical analysis was based on indices of continuous variables such as the Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ), the square root mean square error normalized by the mean of the observed values ​​(NRMSE), the mean square error (RMSE), the error (ERV) and some categorical indices such as probability of detection (POD), False Alarm (FAR) and success rate (CSI) between the daily and monthly precipitation observed data and the estimated precipitation data. The 3B43 V7 precipitation estimates were broadly representative of surface observations, but underestimated precipitation in the wet season and overestimated precipitation in the dry season. The 3B42 V7 product performed poorly and does not generate a robust representation of surface precipitation.
Features of Perception and Experience of Time in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders by Case Description Materials
Authors: Polukarova Iuliia Olegovna
Published: April 2021

The relevance of studying the experience of time in children with autism spectrum disorders is discussed on the example of two cases. The theoretical substantiation of this problem is given, as well as the complexity of studying this modality in children with autism spectrum disorder is considered. The reasons why it is necessary to study the problem of the experience of time in children with autism spectrum disorder are discussed. The experience of time in children with autism spectrum disorder is described on the basis of two cases.