bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVIEW “MSMEs And Digital Platform During Covid-19 Pandemic”
Authors: Putra Gatum Ananta , Zafrullah Ahmad
Published: June 2021

Pada bulan Juli tahun 2020, Bank Indonesia merilis data pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa ekonomi nomi di Indonesia mengalami deflasi sebesar 0,1%. Sektor konsumsi dan tembakau mengalami deflasi sebesar 0,79%. Deflasi pada kelompok sektor konsumsi menunjukkan adanya penurunan permintaan bahan makanan. Turunnya permintaan bahan makan tersebut memiliki hubungan korelasi dengan penurunan nilai tukar tanaman pangan pertanian sebesar 0,25% atau menjadi 110,17. Dari sisi bekanja publik, terlihat bahwa kelompok 20% (kelas atas) mencapai 45,49% dari total konsumsi nasional, kelompok 40% (kelas menengah) memberikan kontribusi 36,78%, dan kelompok 40% (kelas bawah) hanya menyumbang 17%. Beberapa masyarakat dengan berpenghasilan menengah keatas yang pendapatannya tidak terganggu akibat adanya pandemi Covid 19 ini memilih untuk menabung harta mereka di bank mengingat tidak adanya kepastian bahwa kapan akan berakhirnya pandemi Covid-19 ini.
Perubahan Sosial Budaya Masyarakat Akibat dari Kemajuan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi di Dusun Batukol Kabupaten Barito Selatan
Authors: Santi Karunia
Published: June 2021

Perubahan sosial dan budaya merupakan gejala dari perubahan kondisi sosialdan budaya dalam suatu masyarakat. Perubahan sosial dan budaya merupakangejala yang selalu terjadi pada setiap masyarakat. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuanuntuk: 1) mendeskripsikan kondisi lingkungan Dusun Batukol, Kabupaten BaritoSelatan. 2) mendeskripsikan aktivitas sosial masyarakat akibat kemajuan ilmupengetahuan dan teknologi. 3) mendeskripsikan penyebab terjadinya perubahansosial budaya masyarakat dalam konteks kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan danteknologi. 4) mendeskripsikan pengaruh perubahan sosial budaya terhadapmasyarakat Dusun Batukol, Kabupaten Barito Selatan. Pengumpulan datadilakukan melalui pengalaman pribadi penulis, telaah literatur, buku dan majalahtentang perubahan sosial budaya akibat kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan danteknologi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Tradisi masyarakat yangmengandung nilai-nilai dan telah turun temurun dan berubah dari generasi kegenerasi sejak lama. Berupa gagasan dan kegiatan, serta hubungan antara manusiadengan Tuhan, manusia dengan manusia dan hubungannya dengan lingkungan. 2)Masyarakat memandang pentingnya hubungan sosial yang baik untuk menjagakeharmonisan. 3) Terdapat faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan dan mempengaruhiterjadinya perubahan sosial budaya masyarakat desa yang menyebabkan kondisisosial budaya yang berbeda pada tahun sebelumnya
The placebo effect in psychosis: why it matters and how to measure it
Authors: Hird Emily , Diederen Kelly , Leucht Stefan , Jensen Karin , McGuire Philip
Published: June 2021

Psychosis is characterised by unusual percepts and beliefs in the form of hallucinations and delusions. Antipsychotic medication, the primary treatment for psychosis, is often ineffective and accompanied by severe side-effects, but research has not identified an effective alternative in several decades. One reason that clinical trials fail is that psychosis patients tend to show a significant therapeutic response to inert control treatments, known as the placebo effect, which makes it difficult to distinguish drug effects from placebo effects. Conversely, in clinical practice, a strong placebo effect may be useful as it could enhance the overall treatment response. Identifying factors that predict large placebo effects could improve the future outlook of psychosis treatment, either by improving trial design and outcomes, or by enhancing treatment effects in-clinic. Biomarkers of the placebo effect have already been suggested in pain and depression, but not in psychosis. Quantifying markers of the placebo effect would have the potential to predict placebo effects in psychosis clinical trials. What is more, the placebo effect and psychosis may represent a shared neurocognitive mechanism in which prior beliefs are weighted against new sensory information to make inferences about reality. Examining this overlap could reveal new insights into the mechanisms underlying psychosis and indicate novel treatment targets. We provide a narrative review of the importance of the placebo effect in psychosis and propose a novel method to assess this.
Irrelevant insights make worldviews ring true
Authors: Laukkonen Ruben , Kaveladze Benjamin , Protzko John , Tangen Jason Marcus , von Hippel Bill , Schooler Jonathan
Published: June 2021

Our basic beliefs about reality can be impossible to prove and yet we can feel a strong intuitive conviction about them, as exemplified by insights that imbue an idea with immediate certainty.Here we presented participants with worldview beliefs such as “people’s core qualities are fixed”and simultaneously elicited an aha moment. In the first experiment (N = 3000, which included adirect replication), participants rated worldview beliefs as truer when they solved anagrams and also experienced aha moments. A second experiment (N = 1564) showed that the worldview statement and the aha moment must be perceived simultaneously for this ‘insight misattribution’ effect to occur. These results demonstrate that artificially induced aha moments can make worldview beliefs seem truer, possibly because humans partially rely on feelings of insight to appraise an idea’s veracity. Feelings of insight are therefore not epiphenomenal and should be investigated for their effects on decisions, beliefs, and delusions.
Religious Belief Alignment: The Structure of Cultural Beliefs from Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood
Authors: Keskintürk Turgut
Published: June 2021

This article presents an alignment model of cultural formation, arguing that belief systems become increasingly constrained from earlier periods of life-course to adulthood. I show that the pairwise correlations between cultural beliefs increase and the structure of personal culture becomes relatively more aligned before entering adulthood. Moreover, the rate of personal change slows down with each year of age, suggesting that the alignment process is most prevalent in specific socialization periods. Using four waves of data from the National Study of Youth and Religion, I test these propositions through an analysis of religious belief networks. I find that the results are robust to sampling variability, population heterogeneity, and item selection.
BOOK REVIEW: “ABC FILSAFAT MENGENAL CARA BERFIKIR MAJU UNTUK DIRI SENDIRI DAN DUNIA” (ABC PHILOSOPHY KNOWS HOW TO THINK FORWARD FOR YOURSELF AND THE WORLD )
Authors: Naryo Satrio Dwi , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: June 2021

Philosophy has been known by many in the general public. However, many of the peopledo not know more about philosophy. Daffin Davanka has a purpose with this book can introducephilosophy to the general public and early enthusiasts who are interested in entering the world ofdevelopment and philosophical thinking further
Time for Universal Public Distribution System: Food Mountains and Pandemic Hunger in India
Authors: Narayan Swati
Published: June 2021

The latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS 5), indicates that even before the pandemic, child stunting in India was severe and has been deteriorating since 2015. But after the stringent lockdown, there has been an acute increase in impoverishment as governmental food policies have further exacerbated rather than mitigated inequalities. Families eligible under the National Food Security Act (NFSA, 2013) have been provided with double food grain rations during two waves of the pandemic. But nearly 42 percent of India’s population without these ration cards have been excluded from any additional food relief from the central government. Simultaneously, India’s food grain stocks in government granaries have accumulated manifold with two years of bumper harvests. Therefore, in light of the acute distress faced by marginalised communities due to the pandemic and unprecedented economic recession, this paper analyses the availability of adequate foodgrain stocks and contends that the time is ripe for the universal expansion of the public distribution system.
Exploring the Concept of Leadership from the Perspective of Physical Therapists in the United States
Authors: Green-Wilson Jennifer , Clark Diane , Tschoepe Barbara , Zeigler Stacey L. , Sebelski Chris A.
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of physical therapists practising in the United States of the importance of leadership characteristics and of demographic traits and other factors that might be associated with perceptions of leadership in three contexts: workplace, health care system, and society. Method: An online questionnaire was distributed through snowball sampling to physical therapists practising in the United States over an 8-week period between October and November 2019. A total of 15 leadership characteristics were rated on a 5-point scale of importance. Results: A total of 278 physical therapists responded to the questionnaire. They rated communication and professionalism as the top two leadership characteristics across all settings. Self-awareness and business acumen were not perceived as important for leadership. No relationship was found between gender and self-declaration as a leader or between a participant’s practice setting and their rating of the importance of leadership characteristics. Conclusions: Our results further the discussion of leadership in the physical therapy profession. They highlight a comprehensive acceptance of leadership characteristics as important regardless of context. Further work will be necessary to transition this declaration of the importance of leadership skills to identifying the essential leadership skills for physical therapist education and clinical practice.
Survey Expectations and Learning
Authors:   CERGE-EI, Slobodyan Sergey , Wouters Raf ,   National Bank of Belgium,   Université Catholique de Louvain
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we evaluate a model that describes real-time inflation data together with the inflation expectations measured by the Survey of Professional Forecasters (SPF). We work with a second-order autoregressive model in which the agents learn over time the intercept and persistence coefficients based on real-time data. To model the process of revisions in real time data, we allow for news and noise disturbances. In contrast to the usual time-varying parameter vector autoregression, we use non-linear Kalman filter techniques to estimate the time-varying coefficients of the underlying inflation process. We identify systematic changes in the persistence of the inflation process and in the long-run expected inflation rate that are implied by the model. The inflation forecasts implied by the model are then compared with the SPF forecasts. As we cannot reject the hypothesis that the SPF forecasts are produced based on our model, we re-estimate the model using Survey nowcasts and forecasts as additional observables. This augmented model does not change the nature and magnitude of the time variation in the coefficients of the autoregressive model, but it does help to reduce the uncertainty in the estimates. Overall, the estimated time-variation confirms our results on the perceived inflation process present in estimated DSGE models with learning (Slobodyan and Wouters, 2012a, 2012b).
Influence of supramarginal resection on survival outcomes after gross-total resection of IDH–wild-type glioblastoma
Authors: Vivas-Buitrago Tito , Domingo Ricardo A. , Tripathi Shashwat , De Biase Gaetano , Brown Desmond , Akinduro Oluwaseun O. , Ramos-Fresnedo Andres , Sabsevitz David S. , Bendok Bernard R. , Sherman Wendy , Parney Ian F. , Jentoft Mark E. , Middlebrooks Erik H. , Meyer Fredric B. , Chaichana Kaisorn L. , Quinones-Hinojosa Alfredo
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

The authors’ goal was to use a multicenter, observational cohort study to determine whether supramarginal resection (SMR) of FLAIR-hyperintense tumor beyond the contrast-enhanced (CE) area influences the overall survival (OS) of patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase–wild-type (IDH-wt) glioblastoma after gross-total resection (GTR).

METHODS

The medical records of 888 patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent resection of GBM between January 2011 and December 2017 were reviewed. Volumetric measurements of the CE tumor and surrounding FLAIR-hyperintense tumor were performed, clinical variables were obtained, and associations with OS were analyzed.

RESULTS

In total, 101 patients with newly diagnosed IDH-wt GBM who underwent GTR of the CE tumor met the inclusion criteria. In multivariate analysis, age ≥ 65 years (HR 1.97; 95% CI 1.01–2.56; p < 0.001) and contact with the lateral ventricles (HR 1.59; 95% CI 1.13–1.78; p = 0.025) were associated with shorter OS, but preoperative Karnofsky Performance Status ≥ 70 (HR 0.47; 95% CI 0.27–0.89; p = 0.006), MGMT promotor methylation (HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.52–0.99; p = 0.044), and increased percentage of SMR (HR 0.99; 95% CI 0.98–0.99; p = 0.02) were associated with longer OS. Finally, 20% SMR was the minimum percentage associated with beneficial OS (HR 0.56; 95% CI 0.35–0.89; p = 0.01), but > 60% SMR had no significant influence (HR 0.74; 95% CI 0.45–1.21; p = 0.234).

CONCLUSIONS

SMR is associated with improved OS in patients with IDH-wt GBM who undergo GTR of CE tumor. At least 20% SMR of the CE tumor was associated with beneficial OS, but greater than 60% SMR had no significant influence on OS.
Supraspinal functional and structural plasticity in patients undergoing surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy
Authors: Wang Chencai , Ellingson Benjamin M. , Islam Sabah , Laiwalla Azim , Salamon Noriko , Holly Langston T.
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate cerebral reorganization, both structurally and functionally, occurring in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) after surgical decompression.

METHODS

In the current observational study of 19 patients, high-resolution T1-weighted structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI scans were obtained pre- and postoperatively in patients with DCM and healthy controls (HCs). The resting-state functional MRI data were utilized to perform region-of-interest (ROI)–to-ROI and ROI-to-voxel functional connectivity (FC) analysis and were similarly compared between and within cohorts. Macroscopic structural plasticity was evaluated by assessing for changes in cortical thickness within the DCM cohort after decompression surgery.

RESULTS

Prior to surgery, FC patterns were significantly different between DCM patients and HCs in cerebral areas responsible for postural control, motor regulation, and perception and integration of sensory information. Significantly stronger FC between the cerebellum and frontal lobes was identified in DCM patients postoperatively compared with DCM patients preoperatively. Additionally, increased FC between the cerebellum and primary sensorimotor areas was found to be positively associated with neurological improvement in patients with DCM. No macroscopic structural changes were observed in the DCM patients after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS

These results support the authors’ hypothesis that functional changes within the brain are associated with effective postoperative recovery, particularly in regions associated with motor regulation and with perception and integration of sensory information. In particular, increased FC between the cerebellum and the primary sensorimotor after surgery appears to be associated with neurological improvement. Macroscopic morphological changes may be too subtle to be detected within 3 months after surgery.
Развитие вибротермографии как метода неразрушающего контроля изделий из полимерных конструкционных материалов с использованием принудительных механических вибраций
Authors: Дубинский С.В. , Казьмин Е.А. , Ковалев И.Е. , Корнилов А.Б. , Корнилов Г.А. , Костенко В.М. , Чернявский А.А.
Published: June 2021

The method of vibrothermography may be considered as one of the promising thermal non-destructive testing techniques, which can be applied for the detection of internal damage in composite structures. The thermal excitation of the structure in case of vibrothermography is caused by the mechanical oscillations on the sonic or ultrasonic frequency, and the change in temperature field of the object is controlled by thermography methods. The present paper considers the method of vibration testing and presents the results of thermography studies focused on the behavior of composite structure with impact damage subjected to vibration loading.
Structural health monitoring of bridge spans using Moment Cumulative Functions of Power Spectral Density (MCF-PSD) and deep learning
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Q. , Nguyen Hoang B.
Published: June 2021

This article proposes a new parameter in evaluating mechanical behaviors of defected bridge spans. It is Moment Cumulative Function of Power Spectral Density (MCF-PSD) based on changes in shape of power spectrum and trained via cumulative function of spectral moment value by deep learning model. This new parameter allows evaluating stiffness attenuation along time, thereby helps to forecast the workability of bridge span. It can identify risky positions in not only a bridge span but also various spans of the same bridge, which proves its sensitivity to the structure’s behavior change over time. This study reveals that training MCF-PSD using cumulative function algorithm has gained outstanding results in comparison with previous studies in structural quality assessment. Therefore, it fulfills criteria of evaluating the damage level in a structure and also fosters new development of defect diagnosis and forecast. Conclusions from this study show that the change of this function is the basis to evaluate difference among measurement positions in the same span or among different spans of the same bridge and behaviors at different positions in the same span. Therefore, MCF-PSD is more sensitive than other parameters in evaluating the structure’s stiffness attenuation.
Effectivity and reducibility with ordinal Turing machines
Authors: Carl Merlin
Published: June 2021

This article expands our work in ( LNCS 9709 ( 2016 ), 225–233). By its reliance on Turing computability, the classical theory of effectivity, along with effective reducibility and Weihrauch reducibility, is only applicable to objects that are either countable or can be encoded by countable objects. We propose a notion of effectivity based on Koepke’s Ordinal Turing Machines (OTMs) that applies to arbitrary set-theoretical [Formula: see text]-statements, along with according variants of effective reducibility and Weihrauch reducibility. As a sample application, we compare various choice principles with respect to effectivity.
Role of Climate Change in Exacerbating Sexual and Gender-Based Violence against Women: A New Challenge for International Law
Authors: Desai Bharat H. , Mandal Moumita
Published: June 2021

The advent of climate change era has been affirmed by various global processes including 21 May 2019 recognition by the Anthropocene Working Group of ‘human impact’ in bringing profound alterations on planet earth. It has emerged as the predominant ‘world problematique’. Though entire populations are affected by climate change, women and girls suffer the most. Due to their traditional roles, women are heavily dependent on natural resources. As already seen, as a consequence of natural disasters and during Covid-19 pandemic in 2020-21, women have faced heightened real-life challenges specially being vulnerable to different forms of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV). They suffer from a lack of protection, privacy, and mental trauma. Women are exposed to SGBV due to weak or absence of social, economic, political security and the culture of widespread impunity to the perpetrators. There is double victimization of women both as human beings and because of their gender. Effect of SGBV is highly injurious and perpetual. A close study of four main areas of international law does not yield any international legal instrument that deals with SGBV against women during and after the climate change induced disasters. This is more ominous when growing evidence suggests role of climate change in exacerbation of SGBV against women and girls. Even texts of the three specific climate change treaties (1992 UNFCCC, 1997 Kyoto Protocol and 2015 Paris Agreement) do not address this issue. It has been given attention only through the decisions of the Conference of the Parties in recent years. Due to serious psychological and bodily harm SGBV causes to women, it needs to be explicitly factored in respective international legal instruments on climate change and disasters. Amidst ignorance, denials and lack of adequate attention as regards impact of climate change in exacerbating SGBV against women and girls from the scholars and decision-makers in the field, this study makes a modest effort to deduce and analyze – from scattered initiatives, scholarly literature in different areas, existing international legal instruments and intergovernmental processes – the growing causal relationship between climate change and SGBV against women and girls so as to suggest a way out for our better common future. It is a new challenge for international law that needs to be duly addressed in a timely manner.
Cross-Sectional Examination of Homocysteine Levels with Sarcopenia and Its Components in Memory Clinic Outpatients
Authors: Yamada Yosuke , Umegaki Hiroyuki , Kinoshita Fumie , Huang Chi Hsien , Sugimoto Taiki , Fujisawa Chisato , Komiya Hitoshi , Watanabe Kazuhisa , Nagae Masaaki , Kuzuya Masafumi , Sakurai Takashi
Published: June 2021

Background: Homocysteine is a common risk factor for cognitive impairment and sarcopenia. However, very few studies have shown an association between sarcopenia and serum homocysteine levels after adjustment for cognitive function. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between homocysteine and sarcopenia in memory clinic patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated outpatients in a memory clinic. We enrolled 1,774 participants (≥65 years old) with measured skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), hand grip strength (HGS), and homocysteine. All participants had undergone cognitive assessments and were diagnosed with dementia, mild cognitive impairment, or normal cognition. Patient characteristics were compared according to sarcopenia presence, SMI level, or HGS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of homocysteine with sarcopenia, low SMI, or low HGS. Next, linear regression analysis was performed using HGS as a continuous variable. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that low HGS was significantly associated with homocysteine levels (p = 0.002), but sarcopenia and low SMI were not. In linear regression analysis, HGS was negatively associated with homocysteine levels after adjustment for Mini-Mental State Examination score (β= –2.790, p < 0.001) or clinical diagnosis of dementia (β= –3.145, p < 0.001). These results were similar for men and women. Conclusion: Our results showed a negative association between homocysteine and HGS after adjustment for cognitive function. Our findings strengthen the assumed association between homocysteine and HGS. Further research is needed to determine whether lower homocysteine levels lead to prevent muscle weakness.
Combination of Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain and Mini-Mental State Examination Score Predicts Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s Disease within 5 Years
Authors: Darmanthé Nicolas ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Tabatabaei-Jafari Hossein , Cherbuin Nicolas
Published: June 2021

Background: Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at high risk of progression to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia, but some remain stable. There is a need to identify those at higher risk of progression to improve patient management and outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the trajectory of plasma neurofilament light chain (pNFL) prior to progression from MCI to AD dementia, the performance of pNFL, in combination with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), as a predictor of progression from MCI to AD dementia and to inform clinicians on the use of pNFL as a predictive biomarker. Methods: Participants (n = 440) with MCI and longitudinal follow-up (mean = 4.2 years) from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative dataset were included. pNFL as a marker for neurodegeneration and the MMSE as a cognitive measure were investigated as simple/practical predictors of progression. The risk of progressing from MCI to AD dementia associated with pNFL and MMSE scores was assessed using Cox and logistic regression models. Results: The current risk of progression to AD dementia was 37%higher in individuals with high pNFL (> 56 ng/L) compared to those with average pNFL (≤40 ng/L). A combination of baseline pNFL and MMSE could differentiate those who progressed within 5 years (AUC = 0.75) from stable individuals. Including change in MMSE over 6-12 months further improved the model (AUC = 0.84). Conclusion: Our findings reveal that combining pNFL with a simple dementia screener (MMSE) can reliably predict whether a person with MCI is likely to progress to AD dementia within 5 years.
Research on English teaching reform based on artificial intelligence matching model
Authors: Yu Lan , Peng Ning
Published: June 2021

In the context of information education, English teaching needs to match the development of artificial intelligence to improve the intelligence of English teaching. Based on the artificial intelligence matching model, this paper constructs an English teaching reform model based on artificial intelligence algorithms. Moreover, based on the FISST multi-target tracking method, this paper firstly models the target state and measurement as RFS, and then uses the Bayesian filtering method to recursively calculate the target posterior PDF, which can estimate the number and state of targets in real time and make up for the shortcomings of traditional tracking methods. In addition, the system proposed in this article can be applied to online English teaching. Through this system, teachers can realize one-to-one matching of students, identify the status of students in time, and give corresponding English teaching methods to different students. Finally, this paper designs a controlled experiment to analyze the performance of the algorithm proposed in this paper. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper has certain practical effects.
Research on mixed learning mode based on MOOCs and micro class in internet background
Authors: Zhehua Zhang
Published: June 2021

In the era of education information and globalization, a new mode of teaching and micro class has emerged in the background of the Internet, which brings new challenges and opportunities to the teaching of the classroom. MOOCs has been piloted and applied in many universities in the form of SPOC. As a new form of curriculum, micro course has been applied to the teaching and learning process. The integration of Moor and micro class resources helps to turn the classroom into a mixed mode. This article will focus on this hot topic to analyse the characteristics of the class, the characteristics of the micro class and the influence on the students and teachers, to improve the quality of teaching and to realize the individualized and active study of the students. The article summarizes the results of blended teaching mode at home and abroad, and explores the development and application of MOOC and micro class resources.
Research on the construction of O2O teaching system of cross-cultural knowledge in College English based on MOOC
Authors: Huang Yanli , Mai Qiang
Published: June 2021

In order to improve the teaching effect of college English cross-cultural knowledge, with the support of recommendation algorithms, this paper builds a O2O teaching system of cross-cultural knowledge in college English based on MOOC, and provides service methods such as material resource learning, “smart grab-order” question answering, resource recommendation, LBS appointment teaching and offline teaching. Moreover, this paper constructs a learner and teacher interest model, introduces a suspicious degree update model into the interest model, uses a deep learning network algorithm to recommend composition resources, and uses a deep network adaptive learning algorithm to enhance the accuracy of composition resource recommendation. In addition, this paper constructs a system framework structure based on actual needs, and studies the realization process of each of its functional modules. Finally, this paper designs an experiment to evaluate the practical effect of O2O teaching system of cross-cultural knowledge in college English based on MOOC. The research results show that the system constructed in this paper meets the expected requirements.
Coping in Children and Adolescents with a Genetic Muscle Disorder –Findings from a Population-Based Study
Authors: Jones Kelly M. ,   on behalf of the MD-PREV study group, Anand Aaron , Bright Charmaine , O’Grady Gina , Rodrigues Miriam J. , Ranta Annemare , Roxburgh Richard H. , Theadom Alice
Published: June 2021

Background: The impacts of genetic muscle disorders on quality of life in affected children are well-documented. However, few studies have investigated children’s coping strategies and relationships between coping and quality of life. Objectives: To determine coping strategy use, efficacy, and associations with quality of life in children with a genetic muscle disorder. Methods: Forty-eight children (6–15 years, 58% male) with a genetic muscle disorder were identified as part of a national prevalence study. Children completed the Kidcope in response to a specific stressor (doctors visits) and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Neuromuscular Module. Results: ‘Wishful thinking’ (75%, 36/48) and ‘cognitive restructuring’ (71%, 34/48) were the most frequently used coping strategies. ‘Self-criticism’ (12%, 6/48), and ‘blaming others’ and ‘resignation’ (both 19%, 9/48) were the least used strategies. Coping strategy use did not differ across age and sex groups (p’s from 0.08 to 1.00). Positive coping strategies tended to be more effective (medians ranged from 2.00 to 2.75) than negative strategies (medians ranged from 1.38 to 2.50). Using a greater number of different types of positive (F(4, 46) = 5.79, p = 0.001) and/or negative (F(4, 44) = 5.64, p 0.001) coping strategies was linked to poorer health-related quality of life. Conclusion: We conclude that children with genetic muscle disorders use a wide range of positive and/or negative coping strategies in response to stressors associated with a doctor visit and may benefit from greater support to improve health-related quality of life. Findings support the value of routine screening of children’s coping to identify those who would benefit from support.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Global Phase 3 Study of Edasalonexent in Pediatric Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Results of the PolarisDMD Trial
Authors: Finkel Richard S. ,   (For the PolarisDMD Study Group), McDonald Craig M. , Lee Sweeney H. , Finanger Erika , Neil Knierbein Erin , Wagner Kathryn R. , Mathews Katherine D. , Marks Warren , Statland Jeffrey , Nance Jessica , McMillan Hugh J. , McCullagh Gary , Tian Cuixia , Ryan Monique M. , O’Rourke Declan , Müller-Felber Wolfgang , Tulinius Mar , Burnette W. Bryan , Nguyen Cam-Tu , Vijayakumar Kayal , Johannsen Jessika , Phan Han C. , Eagle Michelle , MacDougall James , Mancini Maria , Donovan Joanne M.
Published: June 2021

Background: Edasalonexent (CAT-1004) is an orally-administered novel small molecule drug designed to inhibit NF-κB and potentially reduce inflammation and fibrosis to improve muscle function and thereby slow disease progression and muscle decline in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Objective: This international, randomized 2 : 1, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study in patients ≥4 – < 8 years old with DMD due to any dystrophin mutation examined the effect of edasalonexent (100 mg/kg/day) compared to placebo over 52 weeks. Methods: Endpoints were changes in the North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA; primary) and timed function tests (TFTs; secondary). Assessment of health-related function used the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection tool (PODCI). Results: One hundred thirty one patients received edasalonexent (n = 88) and placebo (n = 43). At week 52, differences between edasalonexent and placebo for NSAA total score and TFTs were not statistically significant, although there were consistently less functional declines in the edasalonexent group. A pre-specified analysis by age demonstrated that younger patients (≤6.0 years) showed more robust and statistically significant differences between edasalonexent and placebo for some assessments. Treatment was well-tolerated and the majority of adverse events were mild, and most commonly involved the gastrointestinal system (primarily diarrhea). Conclusions: Edasalonexent was generally well-tolerated with a manageable safety profile at the dose of 100 mg/kg/day. Although edasalonexent did not achieve statistical significance for improvement in primary and secondary functional endpoints for assessment of DMD, subgroup analysis suggested that edasalonexent may slow disease progression if initiated before 6 years of age. (NCT03703882)
Association of Dynamic Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Status with the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Park Sang Hyun , Nam Ga Eun , Han Kyungdo , Huh Youn , Kim Wonsock , Lee Min-Kyung , Koh Eun-Sil , Kim Eun Sook , Kim Mee Kyung , Kwon Hyuk-Sang , Kim Seon Mee , Cho Kyung Hwan , Park Yong Gyu
Published: June 2021

Background: The longitudinal association between dynamic changes in the metabolic syndrome (MS) status and Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been poorly studied. Objective: We examined whether dynamic changes in MS status are associated with altered risk for PD. Methods: This study was a nationwide retrospective cohort study. We enrolled 5,522,813 individuals aged≥40 years who had undergone health examinations under the National Health Insurance Service between 2009 and 2010 (two health examinations with a 2-year interval). Participants were followed up until the end of 2017. The participants were categorized into four groups according to MS status changes over 2 years: non-MS, improved MS, incident MS, and persistent MS groups. Multivariable Cox hazard regression was performed. Results: During the 7-year median follow-up, there were 20,524 cases of newly developed PD. Compared with non-MS group, improved, incident, and persistent MS groups for 2 years were significantly associated with higher risks of PD (model 3; hazard ratio: 1.12, 95%confidence interval: 1.06–1.19 [improved MS]; 1.15, 1.09–1.22 [incident MS]; and 1.25, 1.20–1.30 [persistent MS]). Individuals with incident and persistent abdominal obesity, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperglycemia had a significantly increased risks of PD compared with those without either condition over 2 years. Conclusion: Persistent and incident MS and its components may be risk factors for incident PD. Ever exposure to MS may also be associated with PD risk. Appropriate intervention for preventing and improving MS may be crucial in decreasing the PD incidence.
Application of virtual touch tissue imaging quantification in diagnosis of supraspinatus tendon injury
Authors: Deng Heping , Mi Yaru , Lu Bo , Xu Ping
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of virtual touch imaging and quantification (VTIQ) shear wave elastography (SWE) in diagnosis of supraspinatus tendon tear. METHODS: Eighty patients with unilateral supraspinatus tendon tear underwent shoulder arthroscopy were prospective studied. Tendinopathy, partial-thickness tear or full-thickness tear of supraspinatus tendon were diagnosed according 2D ultrasound examination. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ultrasonic diagnosis of supraspinatus tendon tear were calculated by arthroscopy as the gold standard. VTIQ was applied to measure the shear-wave velocity (SWV) of both normal and affected supraspinatus tendon. The differences of SWV in three types of supraspinatus tendon tear and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 80 patients, there were 20 tendinopathy, 31 partial tears and 29 full-thickness tears diagnosed by shoulder arthroscopy. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 2D ultrasound in diagnosis of tendinopathy, partial tear and full-thickness tear groups were 78%, 90%and 83%; 71%, 86%and 73%; 86%, 88%and 88%, respectively. SWV of 80 supraspinatus tendon tears was 4.59±1.00 m/s, which was lower than that of normal supraspinatus tendon (4.59±1.00 m/s vs. 6.68±1.05 m/s, P < 0.01). SWV of supraspinatus tendon in tendinopathy, partial tear and full-thickness tear groups respectively were 5.66±0.97, 4.66±1.00, and 3.78±0.55 m/s, all lower than that of the contralateral normal supraspinatus tendon (all P < 0.05). In addition, the analysis of variance and pairwise comparison showed that SWV of supraspinatus tendon among three different degree of injury was statistically significant (all P < 0.001). The cutoff thresholds of SWV was 4.83 m/s to identify tendinopathy tear from partial tear and was 4.08 m/s to identify full-thickness tear from partial-thickness tear. CONCLUSION: VTIQ SWE with SWV might identify degree of supraspinatus tendon tear and improve the value of ultrasonography, which should be further evaluated in large multicenter studies.
Current therapeutic approach to mixed vulvovaginal infections
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russian Federation, Tazina T.V.
Published: June 2021

The evolutionarily formed community of symbiotic microbes harbored by a healthy vagina (or vaginal microbiota) contains not only Lactobacillus spp. but also many opportunistic microbes. These microbes can become pathogenic under the effects of exogenous factors and provoke vulvovaginitis whose symptoms force to see a gynecologist. Therefore, treatment of mixed vulvovaginal infections is still an important issue. Both the polymicrobial nature of these inflammatory diseases and increasing antimicrobial resistance should be considered when prescribing medications. This paper reviews current therapeutic approaches to mixed vulvovaginal infections and, in particular, emphasizes the most common causative agents. The mechanism and type of action of active ingredients of complex vaginal preparations to prevent polypharmacy and provide an etiological, topical, effective, and safe treatment are described in detail. The authors emphasize that therapeutic efficacy and safety of any vaginal formulations depend on both the content of active ingredients and the rate and completeness of their release, submucosal and systemic absorption. KEYWORDS: co-infection, bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidosis, metronidazole, miconazole, drug formulations. FOR CITATION: Tazina T.V. Current therapeutic approach to mixed vulvovaginal infections. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(2):144–148. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-2-144-148.
Rehabilitation of children with post-burn scars of the distal limbs
Authors:   G.I. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Filippova O.V. , Afonichev K.A. ,   G.I. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Background: rehabilitation after burns of the distal limbs is a challenging process due to many small joints and heavy functional load. During active growth periods, the risk of rapid progression of deformities is particularly high as intensive growth under scarring may result in sprains and even bone angulation. Regular monitoring is a prerequisite for adequate treatment. Aim: to analyze the rate and terms of the development of foot deformities in children of various ages and the actual amount of rehabilitation measures based on clinical anamnestic data. Patients and Methods: anamnestic data, clinical presentations, and X-ray exams of 65 children with foot deformities who were managed in the G.I. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery in 2015–2019 were analyzed. All children were distributed across age groups. Results: the analysis of anamnestic data revealed an inadequate amount of preventive rehabilitation measures after skin integrity recovery. In half of the patients, conservative therapy included anti-scarring creams and gels and, occasionally, compression clothing. The highest rate of scar deformities requiring surgery was reported in preschool and early school children (these are the ages of rapid growth). In preschool children, scar deformities are significantly more common in the earliest period (up to 2 years after epithelization). Conclusion: rehabilitation of children after burns should be continued until a child stops growing. These measures should include complementary surgical and conservative treatment in both in-patient and out-patient departments. KEYWORDS: burn, scar deformities, foot deformities, check-up of children after burns, prevention of scarring. FOR CITATION: Filippova O.V., Afonichev K.A. Rehabilitation of children with post-burn scars of the distal limbs. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(2):168–172. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-2-168-172.
Renocardiac syndrome in a child with non-inherited connective tissue disease
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation, Cherkasov N.S. , Davydova O.V. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation, Derbeneva L.I. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation, Lutsenko Yu.A. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

This paper describes a case report of renocardiac syndrome in a child with non-inherited connective tissue disease (CTD). The importance of CTD is accounted for by its high occurrence (up to 80%) and controversial interpretation of phenotypic and visceral signs. In children, combined diseases more commonly develop under the effects of similar pathogenic factors or one disease impacts the development of another one. It was demonstrated that five organ systems are affected in 20% of children with CTD and three organ systems are affected in 40% of children with CTD. The most common conditions are cardiovascular and osteoarticular disorders followed by gastrointestinal disorders. Musculoskeletal and urinary tract disorders occurred in 33% and 19.5%, respectively. Renocardiac syndrome is of particular interest from the viewpoint of comorbidity. This case report addresses renocardiac syndrome in a 6-year-old boy. Eight phenotypic and six visceral signs of CTD were identified in this child. Cardiac and renal abnormalities prevailed among internal signs. Therefore, CTD plays an important role in the development of renocardiac syndrome. KEYWORDS: connective tissue disease, renocardiac syndrome, children, heart, kidney, comorbidity. FOR CITATION: Cherkasov N.S., Davydova O.V., Derbeneva L.I., Lutsenko Yu.A. Renocardiac syndrome in a child with non-inherited connective tissue disease. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(2):184–188. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-2-184-188.
Attitude and acceptance of Covid-19 vaccine amongst medical and dental fraternity - a questionnaire survey
Authors: Kaur Avineet , Kaur Gagandeep , Kashyap Akanksha , Singh Gaganpreet , Singh Sandhu Harnoor , Khilji Iqra , Singh Gambhir Ramandeep
Published: June 2021

Background. The second wave of Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2) is proving more disastrous than the first because of the new mutant stains. Under these circumstances, vaccination is the only effective solution that can save millions of lives across the globe.
Objectives. The present study was conducted to assess the attitude and acceptance/willingness of health care professionals (medical and dental) towards COVID-19 vaccine.
Materials and Methods. An online questionnaire survey was conducted among medical and dental professionals working in different hospitals of two states of India. A total of 520 subjects constituted the final sample size. A self-constructed questionnaire (divided into 2 parts) containing 12 questions was administered to obtain information from the subjects regarding their attitude and willingness towards COVID 19 vaccine. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test and multiple liner regression analysis. Odds ratio with 95% CI were also generated. Statistical significance was set at p≤0.05.
Results. Majority of the subjects (67% of dental and 73% of medical) had full confidence on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine. Willingness to get vaccinated was shown by 63% of subjects and 65% had positive attitude towards vaccine. Some subjects (45.5% dental and 48.4% medical) showed concern regarding unforeseen effects of the vaccine. Willingness to get vaccinated was 3.45 higher in subjects who were involved in COVID duties. Subjects giving less preference to natural immunity over vaccine showed more willingness (OR: 2.98) towards getting the vaccine.
Conclusion. The findings of the study showed that acceptance and attitude of subjects regarding COVID 19 vaccine was suboptimal as there were various factors which contributed towards subjects’ hesitancy to get vaccinated. There is an utmost need to address various issues regarding vaccine safety to promote high uptake.
Nutrition habits and frequency of consumption of selected food products by the residents of urban and rural area from the Subcarpathian voivodeship
Authors: Szałajko Mateusz , Stachowicz Wiktoria , Dobosz Monika , Szałankiewicz Martyna , Sokal Aneta , Łuszczki Edyta
Published: June 2021

Background. The dynamic development and change of rural lifestyle patterns towards urban patterns has been noticeable since the second half of the 20th century. Nutrition, as well as the lifestyle in urban and rural areas, has undergone a process of urbanization, which is evidenced by the following an increasing number of overweight people.
Objective. The aim of the study was to compare eating habits and frequency of consumption of selected groups of products between the urban and rural residents from the Subcarpathian voivodeship.
Material and methods. The survey was carried out on a sample of 279 persons from urban and rural areas of Subcarpathian voivodeship. In this study, the diagnostic survey method consisting of 3 (different) parts was used. To check the significance of differences, U Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used; whereas correlations between variables were determined by the Spearman's rank of correlation coefficient and Pearson's chi-quadrat test.
Results. In the part concerning eating habits, statistically significant differences occurred among others; for the circumstances of eating meals, the most commonly consumed snacks, food processing techniques and the most frequently selected fat. In the part concerning the frequency of consumption of individual product groups, significant differences occurred among others; for dairy products, grain products, fast food, alcohol. There was a correlation between the frequency of consumption of individual products and socioeconomic status.
Conclusions. The quality of the diet and eating habits of urban and rural residents of Subcarpathian voivodeship does not differ significantly. The detected differences in eating habits were more influenced by the education and socioeconomic status of the examined group than the place of residence.