bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Efficacy of Cosmetic Product Safety Regulations in Malaysia: The Role of the National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency (NPRA) and Industry Compliance
Authors: Othman Yuhanza , Ahmad Mustaffa Mimi Sofiah , Mahat Ida Rahayu , Ab Malib Marziana , Nizam Awang Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Various legislative measures, such as the Sale of Drugs Act 1952, Control of Drugs and Cosmetics Regulations 1984, Poison Act 1952, Guidelines for Control of Cosmetic Products 2022, and other directives introduced by the NPRA in Malaysia, are intended to control the safety of cosmetic products. Despite these existing laws and directives, cosmetic products containing hazardous ingredients persist in the Malaysian market. NPRA reportedly received 1,041 complaints about cosmetic products in 2022, while its website also displays an annual increase in cases involving cosmetic products that contain hazardous ingredients. The persistent presence of harmful cosmetic products in the market highlights significant gaps in efforts to control hazardous cosmetic products. This study examined the efficacy of cosmetic product safety regulations in Malaysia, focusing on the role of the National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency (NPRA) and industry compliance. This qualitative study gathered data from library databases and conducted semi-structured interviews with NPRA officers, cosmetic manufacturers, and cosmetic industry experts. Findings suggest that despite the extensive nature of the regulatory framework, its implementation, which heavily relies on self-regulation and post-market surveillance, requires serious improvement. While some cosmetic producers adhere to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards, there are still persistent issues related to product notification, misuse of self-regulation, and inadequate penalties for non-compliance. Therefore, an intensive awareness campaign aimed at cosmetic manufacturers is necessary to ensure the production of safe cosmetic products. Consumers must play their role in helping the NPRA control the sale of hazardous cosmetic products by performing safety checks before purchasing them.
Enhancing The Quality Of Agricultural Technology Education In A Developing Economy
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering Technology Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria, Ibhafidon-Momodu Gladys Omisi
Published: October 2024

The development and transformation of Nigerian agriculture vis-a-vis the development of Nigerian economy has been the utmost concern of government. researchers and many individuals. Most developed and developing countries of the world have long realized that the only way to meet adequate diet and food demand of their people is by acquiring functional literacy, knowledge and skill for productive activity. Education policies in Nigeria have often focused on raising aggregate enrolment figures, training more teachers and building more schools, paying attention to the lopsidedness in the geographical distribution of educational facilities across the nation for the sake of social justice and equity. However, until recently, conspicuously absent n most planning efforts in Nigeria s the concern for the quality and relevance of our educational training towards National development. It is against this background that attempts is made by this paper to raise some basic issues relating to Agricultural Technology Education, this is with a view of establishing a basis for understanding the problem and indicate possible directions for policy making. Keywords: Quality, Agricultural Technology, Education, Developing Economy, Schools, Building
Rural citizenship: Determinants of active citizenship self-efficacy among Turkish rural residents
Authors: Arslan Hakan , Yazıcı Sedat
Published: October 2024

Despite its rare usage in the literature to date, rural citizenship has the
potential to serve as a theoretical framework for understanding social
behaviors and movements in rural communities. This study investigates the
civic self-efficacy level of 531 adult participants living in rural Turkey.
The results demonstrate that civic competence reflects the socioeconomic
disadvantages of rural regions, including low-level income, gender,
education, and undifferentiated economic activities and occupations.
Participants had the lowest level of self-efficacy in political literacy
(PL) compared to the other two dimensions: community engagement (CE), and
demonstrations, protests, and the pursuit of rights (DPPR). Gender
difference is the highest determinant of active citizenship self-efficacy,
followed by education, time spent in the village, marital status, and
monthly income. Findings suggest that interacting with the city appears to
be enhancing rural residents' civic efficacy. These can provide evidence of
rural regions exhibiting a unique pattern of citizenship. In the discussion
section, we have interpreted the potential implications of the results.
Enhancing corrosion resistance of lightweight metal alloys through laser shock peening
Authors: Huang Wuji , Leister Brett , Shen Ninggang , Mckee Austin , Mubeen Syed , Bonheyo George , Rohatgi Aashish , Ding Hongtao
Published: October 2024

In this study, we investigated the effects of laser shock peening (LSP) on the corrosion resistance of lightweight metal alloys, specifically AA6061 and AZ31. LSP was performed underwater, using a nanosecond pulse laser and without using a protective coating or layer on the workpiece. The corrosion behaviors of these alloys were analyzed through electrochemical tests, including open circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The results demonstrated that LSP significantly improved the polarization resistance, and higher laser power intensities led to increased corrosion resistance and reduced corrosion rates. This enhancement in anti-corrosion performance is attributed to the formation of a protective oxide layer on the surface, acting as a barrier against corrosion. The findings underscore the potential of laser surface treatment as a viable technique for enhancing the corrosion resistance of lightweight metal alloys.
Fine-tuning syngas composition using laser surface modified silver electrode for CO2 electroreduction
Authors: McKee Austin , Huang Wuji , Shen Ninggang , Mubeen Syed , Ding Hongtao
Published: October 2024

Electrochemical reduction of CO2 and H2O to synthesize gas (H2 and CO mixture) is of significant interest due to established industrial pathways to tune the H2 to CO composition to generate an array of valuable products including methanol, synthetic fuel, synthetic natural gas, and hydrogen. However, controlled H2:CO ratios are challenging on CO-active electrocatalysts like silver. We demonstrate that applying laser engineering to adjust the surface wetting state of a silver electrocatalyst with water contact angles θw ranging from 47° and 135°, H2:CO ratios can be tuned from 1 to 4 at modest potentials (−0.7 V versus RHE, RHE—reversible hydrogen electrode) with almost total unity Faradaic efficiency. Both hydrophilic (θw = 47°) and more hydrophobic (θw = 135°) samples showed an increasing H2:CO trend with rising potentials (0.7–1.2 V versus RHE) due to mass transport. Conversely, silver electrocatalyst with θw = 110° exhibited a constant H2:CO ratio of 4. This indicates catalyst wettability potentially affects *H and *HOCO intermediates’ adsorption, impacting H2:CO ratios. Our results show the feasibility of syngas composition control on silver catalysts via surface wettability, providing a simpler alternative to complex multicomponent electrocatalytic systems.
Pedagogical Impacts of Kindergartens’ Response to Covid-19
Authors: Wilhelmsen Terese , Bjerknes Anne-Line , Moxnes Anna R.
Published: October 2024

This study explores the pedagogical impacts of the infection control measures implemented in Norwegian kindergartens after the Covid-19 lockdown in the spring of 2020. The data is based on a survey study with three repeated measures following kindergartens from the first week of reopening in April, continuing until June. Reflexive thematic analysis is used in the analysis of data from answers to open questions. The themes generated were: (1) limited time to prepare, (2) concerns about the unknown, (3) structuring the kindergartens according to the guidelines, (4) securing a safe place for children within the new rules and routines; (5) closer relationships but reduced child democracy, (6) spending time more time outside and in nature, and (7) reduced collaboration and information flow. Framed by a crisis management perspective and the concepts of structural and process quality, we discuss what we can learn from the kindergartens’ experiences in the spring of 2020.
Lek med håndbrekket på: en studie av lekens møte med målstyrt læringsaktivitet i første klasse
Authors: Sirevåg Lene Cherize Haugland
Published: October 2024

Artikkelen undersøker hva som skjer når lekens ustyrlige kraft rammes inn av målstyrt læringsaktivitet i første klasse. Studien er en etnografi fra over ett års feltarbeid i en barneskole i Norge. I lys av nyere lekteori viser resultatene at leken utfordrer undervisningens formål, samtidig som det formålsstyrte på paradoksalt vis risikerer å ødelegge for sentrale kvaliteter i leken. Det er en klar uttalt støtte til leken blant lærerne, og tilrettelegging for dens eksistens, men ambivalens i møte med lekens mangfoldighet når den kommer på kollisjonskurs med pedagogiske intensjoner. Ambivalensen setter håndbrekket på den spontane, skapende kraft som kjennetegner barnas lek og deres forestillinger om den.
Artikkelen diskuterer om iveren etter å innlemme lek i pedagogisk praksis tar for lite hensyn til lekens egen logikk. Risikoen kan være redusert forestillingsevne om hva lek er, og på paradoksalt vis føre til at lek inviteres inn i skolen, men samtidig settes håndbrekket på for hva den kan være. Artikkelen viser at lek i pedagogisk praksis er en krevende og paradoksal øvelse som krever varsomhet for å unngå at leken krymper til en størrelse der barna, som vi inviterte leken inn for, ikke lenger kjenner den igjen.
English abstract
Play With the Brakes On: A Study of Play Encountering Learning Activities in a Year One Classroom
The article explores what happens when the unruly force of play is encased in learning goal-oriented activities in a first-grade setting. It is an ethnographic study using data from over a year of fieldwork in a primary school in Norway. Considering recent play theory, the study finds that children’s play challenges the purpose of the teaching, and that goal-oriented approaches paradoxically risk undermining essential qualities of play. There is clear support for play and the facilitation of its existence; ambivalence occurs however when play ruptures pedagogical intentions. Ambivalence occurs, however, when play ruptures pedagogical intentions. This ambivalence puts a brake on the spontaneous creative force that characterizes children’s play and their understanding of it. The article discusses whether the eagerness to incorporate play into pedagogical practice insufficiently recognizes the inherent logic of play.
There may be a risk of reduced understanding of what play is, which paradoxically leads to a welcoming of play, while simultaneously constraining what it can be. Integrating play into educational practices is a challenging paradoxical exercise. Caution is required to avoid play turning into something that children, whom play was supposed to engage, no longer recognizes it.
Temanummer om nordiske perspektiver på leg og legende tilgange til pædagogik, undervisning og læring
Authors: Skovbjerg Helle Marie , Eriksen Ødegaard Elin , Lund Ole , Have Mona , Hovgaard Jørgensen Helle , Schrøder Vibeke , Oreskov Sisse , Wilms Boysen Mikkel Snorre
Published: October 2024

I de senere år er der sket en opblomstring af interesse for, hvordan leg og det legende kan bidrage positivt til børn og unges liv, både i forhold til deres hverdagsliv og deres møde med skole og uddannelse.
Dette særnummer af Nordisk tidsskrift for pedagogikk og kritikk om nordiske perspektiver på leg og legende tilgange til pædagogik, undervisning og læring vil insistere på de mangefacetterede perspektiver på leg og det legende. At leg og det legende kan se ud og udtrykkes på mange måder, og at det er interessen for de mange måder, vi må insistere på. Det mangefacetterede får os til at interessere os for detaljerne, for de empiriske udtryk, for diversiteten i teoretiske greb om leg, og frem for alt kan vi herigennem vise vigtigheden af den levende samtale om leg og det legende – nu og i fremtiden.
Note: This editorial article is available in English here.
Effect of acupuncture on the sleep quality of hemodialysis patients in a capital city in the Northeast of Brazil
Authors: Melo Geórgia Alcântara Alencar , Martins Marina Guerra , Fontenele Natália Ângela Oliveira , Silva Renan Alves , Sixsmith Judith , Barros Lívia Moreira , Caetano Joselany Áfio
Published: October 2024

Objective: Analyze the effect of auricular acupuncture on the sleep quality of hemodialytic patients with chronic pain in a capital city in the Northeast of Brazil. Methods: This study includes double-blind, randomized in blocks and allocated at a rate of 1:1, controlled trial that was conducted in two hemodialysis clinics, with 94 chronic renal patients with chronic pain (auricular acupuncture [AA]: 47, sham acupuncture [SA]: 47). Both received 12 sessions for three months. We collected data using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed using t-tests, Wilcoxon test and ANOVA. Results: Comparing the SA and AA groups, there was a statistically significant difference at baseline (p < 0.001), a significant intergroup difference, and the AA group had better sleep quality than the SA group during and at the end of the 12 sessions (< 0.001). A high magnitude of the effect of auricular acupuncture on sleep quality was found at the end of the sessions (D= -1.94). Conclusion: The auricular acupuncture intervention proved to be effective in improving the subjective sleep classification of renal patients.
Insecticidal effect of Cannabis
Authors: Fernandes Millena , Francisco Edenilson Osinski , Leal Renan Konig , Vieira Caroline Pereira , Eufrazio Wellyngton Vieira , Novais Júnior Linério Ribeiro de , Ramos Suelen de Souza , Bitencourt Rafael , Rezin Gislaine Tezza , Prophiro Josiane  Somariva
Published: October 2024

Currently, there is a need for the development of vector insect control products that are ecologically viable, utilizing active principles available in nature. Natural compounds with insecticidal potential already identified in Cannabis are promising prospects for the control and management of vector arthropods of diseases. In this context, the work aims to investigate possible disparities in the toxicity effects of Cannabis in different formulations and at different stages of the vectors' life. This is a systematic review. Experimental studies describing the toxic effects of Cannabis on eggs, larvae, pupae, and adult vector insects were included. Articles in which the insect was characterized as a mechanical vector, literature review research, and ethnobotanical studies were excluded. The study revealed the potential insecticidal effect of Cannabis when applied in different formulations on Ctenocephalides felis felis, Aedes albopictus, Anopheles stephensi, Anopheles gambiae, and Culex quinquefasciatus at different stages of development. Cannabis proved to be a promising plant in terms of mortality and evidenced effects on insect fertility, birth rates, and adult emergence. The study revealed a potential insecticidal effect of Cannabis. However, further investigations are crucial to elucidate the role of this plant in vector insect control strategies.
ensino de Inglês para fins específicos em cursos de ensino superior no Brasil
Authors: Coracini Sandra Regina , Seerig Elisa , Amariz Clarissa de Menezes
Published: October 2024

O Inglês para Fins Específicos surgiu mundialmente como resultado de demandas para a comunicação em língua inglesa em ambientes profissionais, ocupacionais e acadêmicos e se consolidou como um subcampo na Linguística Aplicada. No Brasil, na década de setenta, se tornou mais conhecido por Inglês Instrumental, componente curricular ainda mantido em diversos cursos superiores no qual a ementa objetiva a leitura. Mas, o contexto de prática de universidades mais interiorizadas carece de propiciamentos na língua para que aprendizes possam alcançar o desenvolvimento de aprendizagens para leitura. Neste artigo, sintetizamos o percurso do desenvolvimento da abordagem no mundo e no país e aludimos uma prática em correlação com a do Inglês Geral, já que o nível de especificidade de um curso pode ser uma questão contestável ao estabelecer e diferenciar os objetivos de ambas as abordagens. Para tentar sanar possíveis carências de proficiência para a leitura em língua inglesa, este artigo sintetiza o percurso do Inglês para Fins Específicos, faz uma correlação com o Inglês Geral e defende uma Análise de Necessidades, ponto de partida de um curso para fins específicos, que leve em conta as peculiaridades dos percursos formativos dos aprendizes, suas necessidades e desejos de aprendizagem, em uma perspectiva crítica de línguas para fins específicos.
Esoteric Study of Mujahadah Night: Overview of Ulric Neisser’s Cognitive Psychology
Authors: Hailal Fikri , Sibyan Ahmad Lailatus
Published: October 2024

Esoteric Study of Night Mujahadah from Ulric Neisser’s Cognitive Psychology Perspective, with the background of the implementation of night mujahadah which took place at the Roudlotul Huda Margoyoso Islamic Boarding School, Kalinyamatan Jepara, the implementation was like the Fajr prayer congregation. Seeing this view, the author is interested in studying from the perspective of the cognitive psychology of Ulric Neisser’s character. So that it generates questions about how to implement the night mujahadah which is part of the esoteric study and what is the wisdom after carrying out the night mujahadah. This research is a qualitative field study. By using research methods triangulation techniques and reference materials. And using a cognitive psychology approach, UlricNeisser. This study succeeded in obtaining two findings, namely: 1) the procession of the implementation of the night mujahadah from an esoteric perspective at the Roudlotul Huda Margoyoso Islamic boarding school, Kali Nyamatan Jepara, starting with two rak’ahs of prayer and continued reading of awradul mujahadah. 2) in terms of wisdom after carrying out the night mujahadah in an esoteric way, among others, the nature of being orderly, calm, healthy, and taqarrub ilallah is born
Spiritual Harmony: The Practice of Living the Qur’an and Hadith Through the Prayer Wirid Tradition in West Sulawesi
Authors: Dalip M. , Yunan Muhammad , Haris Abdul Gaffar
Published: October 2024

This article seeks to explore the meanings ascribed to the recitation of wirid prayer within Muslim communities in West Sulawesi. Wirid prayer represents an important aspect of Muslim devotional practice, extending beyond a simple series of prayers or dhikr to encompass various interpretations within the local cultural context. This study employs a qualitative approach to examine the relevance and significance of wirid recitations in the daily lives of the people in West Sulawesi, and how these practices shape their religious identity. The study identifies three primary meanings associated with the practice of wirid prayer. First, the recitation is understood as a form of spiritual healing, reflecting the community's belief in its ability to provide both physical and mental well-being. Secondly, the recitation is seen as Istiadzah, a form of protection believed to shield individuals from potential threats, both physical and non-physical. This demonstrates the community’s perception of the efficacy of wirid as a safeguard. Lastly, the recitation of wirid prayer is perceived as a jampi or mantra, another form of protection believed to safeguard individuals from various dangers.
Enhancing advertising effectiveness through influencers and parasocial connections
Authors: Zhigaltsova M.V.
Published: October 2024

The subject of advertising effectiveness has been the topic of research and a debate matter for decades. In order to reach their goals, advertisers have always relied on the latest technical developments. With the proliferation of social media, one of such developments are online influencers. Influencer advertising has become one of the most important sales channels that leverages the power of parasocial connections. Parasocial connections allow for the influencers to be perceived not as sales people, but ‘friends'. However, the data that shows the effectiveness of influencer advertising often comes in the forms of statistics accumulated by the marketing agencies. Furthermore, the effectiveness of influencer advertising is often attributed to ‘luck' rather than well-defined scientific principles. The aim of this article is to gather scientific proof behind why the influencing and parasocial connections work. These findings show that due to a number of psychological factors and a social comparison theory, some individuals are capable of influencing others. On the basis of this influencing, the promotional content produced by the influencers is perceived as word-of-mouth recommendations rather than advertisements.
Communicative roles of political experts in the media of information confrontation
Authors: Kaminskaya T.L.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses expert political communication in Russia in digital media formats throughout the year of 2022. When choosing the research material, the author considered both the ratings and demand for certain media channels, and the popularity of the experts themselves (their participation in numerous formats of federal media as experts, high social status and citation index). In addition, expert media content was selected by subject: it is connected with the conduct and possible consequences of special military operation on the territory of Ukraine in the environment of information and economic confrontation. During the information warfare, the society's demand for the expertise of humanities scholars is obvious. This demand is met through media formats by media personalities. Since the role of experts in the production of meanings for a wide audience in the framework of information confrontation is increasing, it is necessary to identify the communicative roles they play. The communicative role is traditionally associated by linguists with the communicative status and communicative functions, and it is most often explained as a situational one. With regards to the person's expertise, these parameters are relatively constant. Therefore, the identification of communicative roles in this case is necessary in the long term as a reflection of the entire expert media content in extreme socio-political conditions. Content analysis of expert media content (special interviews with experts on YouTube; expert comments introduced into the journalistic text in the leading socio-political media, as well as the speeches of experts on their own channels in Telegram) has revealed the main communicative roles of experts. They are an expert critic, an expert interpreter, an expert prophet. These roles are determined both through the use of certain repetitive speech structures and guiding speech behavior of other communication participants (journalists, audience).
Chronicle of the international scientific conference "Languages and cultures in the digital age"
Authors: Ratsiburskaya L.V. , Busareva S.G.
Published: October 2024

The article presents the news of the International Scientific Conference "Languages and Cultures in Digital Age" within the framework of III philological session "National Codes in Language and Literature", held in October 28-30, 2022 at the Institute of Philology and Journalism of Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod. The article presents an overview of the plenary and sectional reports of the conference sessions.
The International scholarly conference “Russian Colloquial Speech of the Beginning of the 21st century” (the Fourteenth Shmelev readings)
Authors: Pestova Anna Razifovna
Published: October 2024

This article contains a chronicle of the International scholarly conference “Russian Colloquial Speech of the Beginning of the 21st Century” (the Fourteenth Shmelev Readings), devoted to various aspects of the study of the colloquial speech in recent decades, in particular its lexicographic description, changes in its social and communicative status, active processes in colloquial vocabulary, phonetics, and syntax.
IDENTIFICATION OF SOCIAL AND HEALTH POLICIES ON INFANT MORTALITY RATE IN KLATEN REGENCY
Authors: Sulistyowati Ulfah , Ningsih Yuliana Ristantya , Magna Merlin Swantamalo
Published: October 2024

Policy is a set of actions embodied as a product of laws to improve social interactions. Social and health policies are formulated to address public issues; for example, health issues upon which health policies are created to solve the respective issues. Infant mortality (IM) is one of the indicators used to assess the health prevalence and socioeconomic welfare of the community. Klaten, among other areas, suffers from high IM, so it is imperative to investigate this issue in Klaten Regency. The present study focuses on IM in Klaten Regency in 2020 and uses the Cluster Study to identify areas in Klaten Regency that need better attention and advocacy related to IM. This study aims to cluster the subdistricts in Klaten Regency based on IM variables, the number of pre-prosperous families, and the number of health facilities. In addition, this study investigates the obstacles to implementing the programs to reduce IM in Klaten Regencies. The results showed an unsatisfactory finding in all three variables. The Government Policy of Klaten Regency to reduce IM has been embodied in several flagship programs, such as SUKETI. However, the implementation of SUKETI Programs was not found in any publication, so it is considered not working. However, inequitable implementation of the programs due to the COVID-19 pandemic and other barriers has resulted in suboptimal, partial efforts to reduce IM.
Ofrecimiento de consuelo post conflicto desde una perspectiva comparada: características, factores moduladores y su relación con la empatía
Authors: Rial Laura Analía , Bentosela Mariana
Published: October 2024

El ofrecimiento de consuelo es una de las estrategias que los individuos despliegan para el manejo de los conflictos que inevitablemente surgen en los grupos. Uno de los principales paradigmas para su estudio es el de “post conflicto”, en el cual el consuelo implica la emisión de conductas afiliativas espontáneas, de parte de un tercero no involucrado, hacia la víctima del conflicto. En el presente trabajo, utilizando una perspectiva comparativa, se define el consuelo y sus características, se describe el paradigma post conflicto y se analiza la importancia de factores moduladores como la presencia o no de reconciliación, el grado de vínculo entre quien consuela y la víctima, la edad y la tendencia a consolar de cada individuo, el sexo de los individuos, su proximidad física, el grado de estrés del observador, la severidad del conflicto y las señales de estrés exhibidas por la víctima luego del conflicto. Por último, se discute la relación entre consuelo y empatía. El estudio de este fenómeno es de gran relevancia por su rol en el mantenimiento de las relaciones sociales, así como en la regulación de las emociones consecuentes a la ocurrencia de los conflictos en el seno de un grupo.
importância da cobertura florestal no cultivo de café orgânico na diversidade de polinizadores
Authors: Velozo da Silva Gleycon , Oliveira de Jesus Rafaela , De Lima Mohallem Marina , Wolowski Marina , Ramos Tatiana Oliveira
Published: October 2024

A polinização é um serviço ecossistêmico de grande importância para a conservação da biodiversidade. A maior parte dos alimentos consumidos por nós depende em algum grau ou totalmente da polinização realizada por abelhas. Embora o café seja autocompatível, estudos apontam que em cultivo sombreado e próximo a áreas florestadas, as flores recebem um maior número de visitantes, o que contribui para uma produção maior. O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar a diversidade de insetos polinizadores, taxa de visitação e produção de café a pleno sol e sombreado na região do sul de Minas. As observações florais aconteceram nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2017, e setembro de 2018. As abelhas do gênero Trigona foram os visitantes florais mais abundantes no café com 116 visitas e Plebeia sp. foi a abelha mais frequente nas flores de café (70,3%). Os principais visitantes florais foram abelhas nativas. As áreas de cultivo mais sombreadas foram as que mais receberam visitas nas flores de café, e o talhão com a terceira maior porcentagem de sombreamento (17,53%), apresentou a maior média de tamanho das sementes.
Penerapan Kaidah Fiqh dalam Hukum Media Sosial di Era Globalisasi Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi
Authors: Sakka Syamsuddin , Al-Kautsar Muhammad Syakir
Published: October 2024

The globalization of science and technology continues, especially on social media. On the one hand, the benefits of various conveniences are also clearly felt to cause harm. The research examines social media laws and the limitations of their use concerning fiqh rules. This research includes normative legal research methods with a conceptual approach in the form of Islamic law principles. The study concludes that the original law of social media is permissible (permissible) and will change to be recommended if it brings benefits and change to be forbidden if it causes damage. However, the potential for harm in social media exists, so there must be limits to its use and regulatory restrictions, especially restrictions that apply widely in society through state policymaking. The research results can be considered when responding to developments in technology and information, especially regarding social media, so that we can use social media more wisely.
Keywords: Social Media Law, Fiqh Rules, Era of Globalization of Science and Technology
Economic, social, and administrative barriers to achieving the sustainable development goal of good health and well-being
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad , Abbas Muhammad , Quddoos Muhammad Umer , Basit Ur Rahim Muhammad Abdul , Naheed Khawer , Iqbal Mazhar , Siddiqi Arslan Ahmad , Adeel Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Good health and well-being are embedded in the 3rd Goal amongst the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The primary objective of this research was to identify the most critical economic, social, and administrative barriers to implementing the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. A sequential exploratory design and case study technique were used, employing both qualitative and quantitative methods. In the first stage, in-depth interviews with 50 key officials were conducted to identify the most critical barriers to the EPI program. A quantitative analysis was then performed based on the results obtained from qualitative analysis, and rank orders of barriers were received from the same health department experts. The results indicate that twenty-eight barriers can cause implementation problems for this program. Still, the ten barriers that gained the maximum hits are the most important barriers, which include Shortage of vaccinators, mismanagement of vaccines’ cold chain, biometric android application, ice-lined refrigerators, communication gap, inadequate legislation of EPI program, capacity building issues with EPI staff, Misconceptions about EPI program, lack of awareness of the parents and community, refusal cases and inadequate cooperation of lady health workers (LHWs). Coordinated efforts of the government and the public are highly recommended to address these barriers.
Estimación de volumen de una presa usando percepción remota y Machine Learning
Authors:   Colegio de Postgraduados, Estado de México, México, Flores-Escobar Fernando , Palacios-Vélez Enrique ,   Colegio de Postgraduados, Estado de México, México, Exebio-García Adolfo Antenor ,   Colegio de Postgraduados, Estado de México, México, Fernández-Reynoso Demetrio Salvador ,   Colegio de Postgraduados, Estado de México, México, Valdivia-Alcalá Ramón ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Estado de México, México
Published: October 2024

En México, donde el sector más importante de consumo de agua es la agricultura y debido a que es cada vez la mayor la demanda de alimentos, es necesario llevar un adecuado balance entre la producción agrícola y el consumo de agua. En este trabajo con la ayuda de imágenes Sentinel se generaron modelos de Machine Learning para estimar la superficie y el volumen de la presa Manuel Ávila Camacho (Valsequillo) del Distrito de Riego 030, que recibe aguas residuales, lo que provocó la proliferación de Lirio acuático. Existen índices de agua como: NDWI, NDWIMcfeeter, NDWIGao, NDWIXu, AWEInon-shadow, AWEIshadow y ICEDEX, que permiten la discriminación de los espejos de agua mediante el uso de imágenes satelitales. Sin embargo, en este caso el uso de los índices confunde el lirio con la vegetación natural. El entrenamiento se realizó con los valores de los índices mencionados anteriormente y de las capas RGB, NIR y SWIR a nivel pixel, y los resultados obtenidos de la precisión fueron los siguientes; modelo de discriminación lineal fue del 98.1%, árboles de decisión del 99.2% y regresión logística del 98.5%; con estos modelos fue posible estimar el área del espejo de agua de la presa. Con la gráfica de áreas capacidades de la presa se generó una función cuadrática con una r2 de 0.9988 en la que el volumen está en función de área y se estimó el volumen de la presa donde la diferencia promedio es de un 8.5% con el modelo de discriminación lineal.
ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЗАПАСОВ УГЛЕРОДА В ПОЧВАХ И ЛЕСНОЙ ПОДСТИЛКЕ ВОЛЖСКО-КАМСКОГО ЗАПОВЕДНИКА
Authors: Кулагина Валентина Ивановна , Александрова Асель Биляловна , Рязанов Станислав Сергеевич , Шагидуллин Рифгат Роальдович , Сунгатуллина Люция Мансуровна , Рупова Эльмира Ханисовна
Published: October 2024

Выполнена оценка запасов углерода в почвах (слой 0-30 см) и лесных подстилках Саралинского и Раифского участков Волжско-Камского биосферного заповедника, расположенных в разных биоклиматическим зонах. На территории участков было заложено по 6 пробных площадок под лесами одинакового породного состава и возраста. Показано, что корреляционная взаимосвязь между запасами углерода в лесной подстилке и почвах носит обратный характер. Установлена тенденция к увеличению запасов углерода в почвах Саралинского участка, при этом статистически значимые различия между участками отмечены только для березняков перестойных. Средние запасы углерода в лесной подстилке выше в лесах Раифского участка.
СПОСОБ РАСЧЁТА КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЙ ДИОКСИДА УГЛЕРОДА, ПОСТУПАЮЩЕГО В АТМОСФЕРНЫЙ ВОЗДУХ ГОРОДА С ВЫБРОСАМИ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: Тунакова Юлия Алексеевна , Новикова Светлана Владимировна , Шагидуллина Раиса Абдулловна , Шагидуллин Артур Рифгатович , Нурмехамитова Виолетта Алмазовна
Published: October 2024

Увеличение количества парниковых газов, особенно диоксида углерода, неизбежно приводит к климатическим рискам и имеет серьезные последствия для биосферы в целом. В статье приведены результаты применения нейросетевых технологий для определения приземных концентраций парникового газа диоксида углерода в условиях невозможности применения регламентированных методик расчета. В отличие от регламентированных расчетных методик, нейронная сеть в процессе обучения позволяет проводить расчеты в отсутствие данных о параметрах источников выбросов в атмосферу, определяющих приземные концентрации примесей. Показана возможность проведения расчетов приземных концентраций диоксида углерода по значениям концентраций оксида углерода, на основании учета вторичных химических реакций в атмосфере. Установлено, что использование коэффициента трансформации, концентраций озона и значения гамма-фона в качестве предикторов повышает точность расчета приземных концентраций диоксида углерода. На примере выбросов предприятия химической промышленности, расположенного на территории г. Казани, проведена апробация предлагаемого нейросетевого способа расчета. Погрешность расчетов с использованием спроектированной и обученной нейросетевой каскадной модели, составляющая менее 1%, показывает эффективность предложенного подхода.
Land, Labor, and the Railroad in Industrial Appalachia: How the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Engineered Space, 1843-1872
Authors: Austin Lillian R. K. M.
Published: October 2024

During the nineteenth century, the Baltimore and Ohio railroad reshaped the social, political, and physical environment of the mid-Atlantic around the needs of the industrial economy. The creation of industrial space, and the proliferation of communities to populate it, is seen retrospectively as an inevitable consequence of technological innovation, but engaging with contemporary corporate records reveals that this space, like the railroad, was engineered. In order to design a supply chain that would make industrialization economical, the railroad and coal industries engaged in political and social engineering to design the new locales of industrialism, exemplified in the Allegheny Mountains by the coal company town. As this new type of space was populated by the workers necessary to its function, the spatial practices of those workers and their families informed its evolution, defining its boundaries and informing the ways in which it transcended them. Using an environment as methodology, this paper explores the early history of American industrialism, the spatial inflection of corporate power, and the role of working class contestations in the construction of the built environment.
Social Production of an Internal Colony: Urban Space in Black Chicago, 1945-1970
Authors: Barnes Connor M.
Published: October 2024

Utilizing an internal colonial model combined with Henri Lefebvre’s ideas about the social production of space, this paper argues the urban space in Black Chicago was intentionally constructed to maximize the control and exploitation of Black Chicagoans. Driven by material interests, primarily, and inextricably tied to America’s race-based hierarchy, hegemonic institutions confined and restricted Black space via discriminatory housing practices to ensure continued economic exploitation. To enforce the spatial barriers they had erected, hegemonic institutions weaponized the police force, using it to occupy and control Black space. This essay establishes theoretical background of internal colonialism and social production of space, then applies these concepts to an analysis of housing and policing in Black Chicago to demonstrate both its intentionality and the devastating effects it had on Black Chicagoans.
It’s Complicated: Field Hockey and Feminism in the United States
Authors: Anhouse Dara
Published: October 2024

Only in the United States is field hockey considered a "women's sport," and the story of its unusual transformation of male-dominated “hockey” from the British Isles to women’s-only “field hockey” in America reveals a deeper connection between sport, feminism, and society. A symbol of unlocked freedom for the "New Woman" at the turn of the twentieth century, under Title IX the sport becomes a case study in how gender is reproduced in modern society.
The Potomac Ploy: George Washington’s Secret Scheme That Shaped the Nation’s Capital
Authors: Savel Benjamin A.
Published: October 2024

For over 200 years, historians have glossed over blemishes on George Washington’s reputation, transforming the president into an almost mythological figure of the United States’ national identity. This paper brings into focus one of the more overlooked narratives about the president, revealing that his choice of Washington DC and the Potomac River as the location for the national capital was driven by financial self-interest and not by a prescient vision of future national unity. Overwhelming evidence demonstrates that Washington knew the Potomac River could not serve as a national waterway; he was well aware of impassible rapids, sudden drops that totaled 874 feet, and large mountains that completely obstructed the river. Despite this, Washington continued to pursue development along the Potomac for personal financial gain. By the early 1790s, the country had sent thousands of dollars to his private river company, promoted settlement in areas near Washington’s land holdings, and begun the creation of a major city within walking distance of Mount Vernon. The revelation of Washington’s true motivations for choosing this location for the national capital complicates the myth of this founding father as the epitome of a perfect leader. It calls into question the legitimacy of the political, racial, and economic hierarchies that have transformed a self-interested slaveholder into a centerpiece of modern democracy.
An Account of Altalena’s Last Voyage
Authors: Norton Louis Arthur
Published: October 2024

This commentary introduces and reproduces a first-hand account of the 1948 sinking of Altalena off a Tel Aviv beach.
Ce commentaire présente et reproduit un récit de première main du naufrage de l’Altalena en 1948 au large d’une plage de Tel Aviv.
PREVALÊNCIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS À COVID-19 GRAVE EM ADULTOS HOSPITALIZADOS NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Authors: Pereira Natan David , Nascimento de Oliveira Natan , Harmuch Camila , Moroskoski Márcia , Rosseto de Oliveira Rosana , Facchini Luiz Augusto , Nickenig Vissoci João Ricardo , Salci Maria Aparecida
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo buscou analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados à necessidade de cuidados intensivos por adultos hospitalizados, devido à Covid-19, no estado do Paraná. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, realizou-se um estudo transversal com notificações compulsórias da Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave, associada à Covid-19. Na análise, foram aplicados modelos de regressão de Poisson em modelos univariados e multivariados, com associações estimadas por Razão de Prevalência. No período analisado, foram registradas 61.213 hospitalizações por Covid-19 no estado. Os pacientes possuíam, maioritariamente, entre 45 e 59 anos, sexo masculino, raça branca e sem fatores de risco/comorbidade. Os principais achados permitiram inferir que a gravidade e necessidade de cuidados intensivos foi associada à idade, sexo raça/cor, uso de imunizante contra gripe, diagnóstico de comorbidades prévias, ter apresentado sintomas moderados/graves e local de residência diferente do município de hospitalização. Ainda, os piores desfechos da Covid-19 foram influenciados por fatores sociodemográficos, clínicos e epidemiológicos, os quais estiveram relacionados à gravidade da doença e necessidade de cuidados intensivos. Assim sendo, identificou-se uma elevada prevalência de hospitalização em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, diante características intrínsecas e extrínsecas aos indivíduos acometidos pela doença.
Directional trends towards motivation of users from different physical-sports contexts: a cross-sectional study [Tendencias direccionales hacia la motivación de usuarios de distintos contextos físico-deportivos: un estudio transversal]

Authors: Carrasco Poyatos María , Segura-López Diego , López-García Ginés , López-Osca Rut
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to analyze the motivational tendencies, autotelic experience, postmaterialism and implicit beliefs of ability of users from club-type sports centers and CrossFit boxes, taking into account the frequency of use. 40 subjects (50% women and 50% men) aged between 22 and 57 years (M=28.8, SD=8.96 years) participated. The Motivational Strategies Measurements Questionnaire, the Behavior Regulation Questionnaire in Exercise-3, the Implicit Beliefs about Ability Scale-2, the autotelic experience dimension of the Dispositional Flow Scale-2 and the Postmaterialism scale were used. The results indicate a higher score in the mastery-oriented climate, in post-materialistic values ​​and a more self-determined profile in the group of users who attend CrossFit boxes, while users of club-type sports centers presented higher values ​​in performance-oriented motivation. By eliminating the effect of frequency of use, differences in autonomous motivation and autotelic experience remained. Sports practice in CrossFit is more linked to the development of a mentality oriented towards autonomous physical-sports growth.
Resumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las tendencias motivacionales, de experiencia autotélica, postmaterialistas y de creencias implícitas de habilidad de usuarios que acuden a centros deportivos tipo club y a boxes de CrossFit, atendiendo a la frecuencia de uso. Participaron 40 sujetos (50% mujeres y 50% hombres) de edades comprendidas entre 22 y 57 años (M=28.8, DT=8.96 años). Se utilizaron el Cuestionario de Medidas de las Estrategias Motivacionales, el Cuestionario de Regulación de la Conducta en el Ejercicio-3, la Escala de Creencias Implícitas sobre la Habilidad-2, la dimensión experiencia autotélica de la Dispositional Flow Scale-2 y la escala de Postmaterialismo. Los resultados indican una puntuación más alta en el clima orientado a la maestría, en valores postmaterialistas y un perfil más autodeterminado en el grupo de usuarios que asisten a los boxes de CrossFit, mientras que los usuarios de centros deportivos tipo club presentan valores más altos en la motivación orientada al rendimiento. Al eliminar el efecto de la frecuencia de uso, se mantienen las diferencias en la motivación autónoma y la experiencia autotélica. La práctica deportiva en boxes de CrossFit se vincula más al desarrollo de una mentalidad orientada al crecimiento físico-deportivo autónomo.
Investigating The Behavior of Steel-Concrete Composite Arch Beam with Different Types of Shear Connectors
Authors: Alhassankoo Yousif Th. , Al-Darzi Suhaib Y. , Ibrahim Kaythar A.
Published: October 2024

Composite steel-concrete arch beams are used in civil engineering. The effect of the shear connector type on the behavior of this type of beam was to act as the first parameter in this study. The test used four types of shear connectors: stud, angle, perfobond, and rebar. The second parameter involved two composite section types: steel I-section-concrete composite arch members (SICM) and steel plate-concrete composite arch members (SPCM). A total of eight samples were prepared in two groups. The first used the SICM and four connector types to get four samples: stud (SI), angle (AI), perfobond (PI), and rebar connector (RI). The second used the SPCM and the same connectors to get SP, AP, PP, and RP, respectively. All samples were tested under one concentrated load at the top of the arch with fixed supports at both ends. A push-out test for the four connector types was also conducted. For all samples, the SICM showed a higher ultimate load than the SPCM. For the SICM, the samples had close values for the maximum load, with the PI sample having the highest. For the SPCM, the SP sample recorded maximum load and deflection. The failure shear crack in all samples appeared at the top of the concrete in the arch beam crown and extended to the bottom, making an angle between 30-45 degrees. It was concluded that the main reason for the failure was the high vertical slips for the top connectors; therefore, the connectors should be designed to resist high tensile forces, and the transverse reinforcing bar should be carefully placed and sized.