bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Collaborative Evaluative Inquiry: A Model for Improving Mathematics Instruction in Urban Elementary Schools
Authors: Chahine Iman C. , Clarkson Lesa M. Covington
Published: March 2023

In this article, the authors describe the cyclical process of a collaborative evaluative inquiry project and the data collected throughout the project—data that not only informed “next steps” during the project but also show promise in documenting the benefits of such projects. Over a period of 18 months, seven elementary teachers from a K–6 urban elementary school collaborated with university personnel using Parsons’s (2002) Evaluative Inquiry Model, a 5-stage, cyclical model that includes defining, planning, and investigating challenges; collecting, analyzing, and synthesizing data; and communicating findings that transpire through collaborative inquiry. Overall, the project focused on improving the elementary teachers’ skills of inquiry and, in turn, their mathematics instruction and students’ learning outcomes. The long-term goal was to enhance teachers’ roles in their schools by affording them the opportunities to make informed decisions throughout their teaching based on an effective and skillful use of data.
Forging Mathematical Relationships in Inquiry-Based Classrooms With Pasifika Students
Authors: Hunter Roberta , Anthony Glenda
Published: March 2023

In this article, the authors report changes in mathematical disposition, participation, and competencies within a group of Pasifika students as a teacher established the discourse of mathematical inquiry and argumentation. Within a classroom-based design approach, the teacher used a communication and participation framework tool to support students to engage in a range of collective mathematical practices. Drawing on analyses of student interviews conducted over one school year, the authors provide a narrative that illustrates how changes in agency and accountability accompanied shifts in the mathematical inquiry discourse. The results show positive learning outcomes for Pasifika students when the general and mathematical obligations attend to the cultural, social, and mathematical well being of all students in mathematics classrooms.
When Am I Going to Learn to Be a Mathematics Teacher? A Case Study of a Novice New York City Teaching Fellow
Authors: Meagher Michael , Brantlinger Andrew
Published: March 2023

In this article, the authors present a case study of a Mathematics Teaching Fellow of the New York City Teaching Fellows program. The presentation focuses on the Teaching Fellow’s family and educational background, her beliefs as a novice teacher, preparation to teach mathematics, and first-year experiences teaching middle school mathematics in a “high-needs” school in New York City. The authors contend that although the Teaching Fellow articulated reform-oriented instructional beliefs, she was unable to enact them in the classroom. This lack was due, in part, to the inadequacies in the induction support system that was promised to her. The authors situate the case study using results from a larger study of novice Mathematics Teaching Fellows and analyze the case study from a perspective that supports reform-oriented approaches to mathematics teaching.
Making Unseen Privilege Visible in Mathematics Education Research
Authors: Bartell Tonya Gau , Johnson Kate R.
Published: March 2023

In this essay, the authors begin to “unpack the invisible knapsack” of mathematics education research privilege. They present short statements representing the multiplicity of their respective identities; acknowledging that efforts to understand privilege and oppression are often supported and constrained by identities. The authors then present three lists generated as they identify experiences as mathematics education researchers that they may have taken for granted; two lists are from the perspective of privilege and the other is from a position of marginalization. The multiple lists reflect that a person can be simultaneously oppressed in some ways and privileged in others. The authors conclude by inviting others to join the discussion about the invisible knapsack of mathematics education research privilege.
Principles and Guidelines for Equitable Mathematics Teaching Practices and Materials for English Language Learners
Authors: Moschkovich Judit
Published: March 2023

In this essay, the author describes principles for equitable mathematics teaching practices for English Language Learners (ELLs) and outlines guidelines for ma-terials to support such practices. Although research cannot provide a recipe for equitable teaching practices for ELLs, teachers, educators, and administrators can use this set of research-based principles and guidelines to design equitable mathematics instruction, developing their own approaches to supporting equitable practices in mathematics classrooms. The recommendations presented use a complex view of mathematical language as not only specialized vocabulary but also as extended discourse that includes syntax, organization, the mathematics register, and discourse practices. The principles and guidelines stress the im-portance of creating learning environments that support all students (but specifically those learning English) in engaging in rich mathematical activity and dis-cussions.
“All for One and One for All”: Negotiating Solidarity Around Power and Oppression in Mathematics Education
Authors: Hand Victoria , Goffney Imani Masters
Published: March 2023

In this essay, the authors, as participants of the Privilege and Oppression in the Preparation of Mathematics Teachers Educators conference, reflect on tensions inherent in standing with and speaking on behalf of communities in an attempt to build and signal solidarity with them. They describe this tension in relation to their membership in the community of researchers who study equity in mathematics education. A particular exchange that arose during whole group discussion at the conference seeded a conversation around other situations they have encountered in this community, and led to the development of a set of “cautionary tales” for the field.
Affinity through Mathematical Activity: Cultivating Democratic Learning Communities
Authors: Sengupta-Irving Tesha
Published: March 2023

In this article, the author demonstrates how a broader view of what shapes affinity is ideologically and practically linked to creating democratic learning communities. Specifically, the author explores how a teacher employed complex instruction (an equity pedagogy) with her ethnically and racially diverse students in the "lowest track" Algebra I course. Sociometric network analyses used to model peer relationships revealed an affinity among three students that could not be explained by shared attributes or history (e.g., race or gender). Through field note analyses, the author argues these students' affinity was forged through shared mathematical activity--what she terms a workship. This workship reflected equitable relationships born of diverse youth learning to work together by working together. The author discusses implications of the workship for teachers and researchers, as well as the constraints that stratified mathematics programs can place on classroom-based efforts to advance equity.
Delegating Mathematical Authority as a Means to Strive Toward Equity
Authors: Dunleavy Teresa K.
Published: March 2023

In this article, the author provides insight into the pedagogical processes for delegating mathematical authority to students, through the use of specific classroom structures, as a means to strive toward equity. Employing qualitative methods, the author analyzes transcripts of classroom video, along with field notes and teacher and student interviews, collected during one semester of the participating teacher's Algebra I course. The author addresses how the teacher's practice was striving toward equity through the use of classroom structures that delegated mathematical authority to students. Analyses revealed that the teacher delegated mathematical authority through the use of student presentations, Shuffle Quizzes, and Participation Quizzes. Each instance featured was chosen to highlight a different facet of the ways in which delegating authority repositioned students as competent sense-makers.
Teaching Mathematics in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Classrooms: Greek-Cypriot Elementary Teachers' Reported Practices and Professional Needs
Authors: Xenofontos Constantinos
Published: March 2023

In this article, the author presents and discusses findings from a small-scale qualitative project that included Greek-Cypriot elementary mathematics teachers working in schools with high percentages of immigrant pupils. Working in three neighbouring schools in the same underprivileged urban area, 16 teachers were individually interviewed regarding their experiences of teaching mathematics in those settings. The author discusses the teachers' reported instructional practices in facilitating their pupils' mathematical understanding, as well as their professional needs for doing so. The author's analysis suggests that teachers focused solely on providing linguistic support for their pupils, without any attempt to incorporate their pupils' diverse cultural backgrounds in classrooms. Also, the participants reported a number of professional needs not currently addressed by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Cyprus. Some implications for policy and practice are discussed.
The 60th anniversary of the Department of Philosophy and Cultural Studies
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, Beliaev Vladislav , Gladkova Irina ,   Ural State Mining University
Published: March 2023

The article describes the main stages of formation and development of the Department of Philosophy and Cultural Studies within the context of the history of the Ural State Mining University. The current state and prospects of the Department are analyzed according to its three main activity: teaching and methodological, research and development, and social education. Academic subjects are developed to meet the requirements of modern educational policy and aimed at developing students’ universal and professional competences. The subject of scientific research at the department reflects trends in modern humanitarian knowledge development. The social education of the Department is aimed at finding new forms of career guidance counselling. The mission of the Department in the strategic development of the university is defined.
TOXIC EFFECTS OF MERCURY ON CROP PLANTS AND ITS PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES - A REVIEW
Authors:   Student of M.Sc, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal - 700114, India., Chakraborty Debolina , Choudhury Bhaskar ,   Associate Professor, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal - 700114, India.
Published: March 2023

The harmful effects of mercury lead to the inhibition of the growth and changes in biochemical constituents of food crops. Plants that are hyperaccumulators accumulate the mercury present in the air or in the soil which leads to growth retardation as well as affects the metabolic pathway regulation in plants. Several biochemical reactions happen due to the metallic accumulation such as lipid peroxidation, enzyme activation, chromosomal aberrations, and untimely cell death. Mercury causes a decrease in photosynthetic rate which turns the colour of the plants to pale yellow. Chlorophyll synthesis in the leaves was suppressed by mercury toxicity and increases the rate of oxidizing enzymes. Mitotic behavior as well as leakage of metabolites was adversely affected due to mercury toxicity. This review intends to understand the toxic effects occurring due to mercury accumulation and morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes occurring in different food crops.
NEW TECHNIQUE OF CO2 REMOVAL FROM INDUSTRIAL AREA
Authors:   Regional Manager, Analyser Instrument Co. Pvt Ltd,Kota, Rajasthan, India., Kumar Namesh
Published: March 2023

The main source of CO2 is the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil. When this happens, carbon dioxide gets released into the atmosphere.CO2 is a colorless, odorless gas. It is essential for life on Earth and is produced naturally by plants in the process of photosynthesis. The burning of fossil fuels releases CO2 into the atmosphere. CO2 is not very soluble in water, so it does not dissolve easily in seawater, making it difficult to detect at sea.There are many benefits for society as a whole from removing CO2 from the atmosphere, but there are also many problems associated with doing so. In this article I will examine these problems and look at several methods that could be used to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The most promising method for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is probably direct air capture. This involves using a chemical process to extract CO2 directly from the air and store it in a liquid or solid form. The most promising method for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is probably direct air capture.
LIQUID BIOPSY: A NON-INVASIVE TOOL TO DETECT CANCER AT AN EARLY STAGE
Authors: Jannu Mythreyi , Jinka Rajeswari
Published: March 2023

Cancer is one of the greatest threat facing our society, being the second leading cause of death globally. Currents strategies for cancer diagnosis consist of the collection of a solid tissue from the affected area. But solid biopsy is associated with various risky complications such aspainful tissue collection, time-consuming and expensive processes, in some cases, the extracted tissue is not sufficient for the molecular study of cancer. New alternatives that overcome these drawbacks of solid biopsy are rising up nowadays, such as liquid biopsy. Liquid biopsy provides an opportunity to detect, analyze, and monitor cancer in various body effluents such as blood, saliva, stool, and urine, which are composed of different biological matrices such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor-specific nucleic acids (circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA), microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lnRNAs)), exosomes, and autoantibodies. These circulating biomarkers play a key role in understanding tumorigenesis andmetastasis, which provides a better insight into the evolution of the tumor dynamics during disease progression and treatment. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the biogenesis, their current detection methods, and importance of each biomolecule in liquid biopsy technique.
Production and availability of good quality seed potatoes in the East African region: A review
Authors: Muthoni Jane , Shimelis Hussein , Mashilo Jacob
Published: March 2023

Demand for potatoes has grown rapidly in eastern Africa due to rapid population growth, urbanisation and life style changes. This has made potato an important commodity crop in the region contributing to food security and enhanced livelihoods. However, potato productivity in the region is low; ranging from 6 to10 t/ha against potential yields of over 30 t/ha. One of the major causes of low yields is the chronic shortage of good quality seed potatoes for planting, which also limits adoption of new and improved varieties. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to highlight the opportunities and progresses in the production and availability of good quality seed potatoes in the East African region to bolster the productivity and commercial value of the crop. The first section of the paper discusses the status of good quality seed potatoes production and availability in the East African region. The second section looks at the farmer-based seed potato production technologies while the third section focuses on the efforts of both the private and public sector in production of good quality seed potatoes. Availability of good quality seed potatoes constitutes < 1% of the requirement in eastern Africa. These seeds are mainly produced by public research institutions as well as some private players. Consequently, most farmers opt to plant seed potatoes from informal sources. However, seeds from informal sources are mostly of poor quality and often accelerate the spread of tuber-borne diseases, especially viruses and bacterial wilt. To improve seeds from informal system, some technologies have been identified and promoted to enhance farmer-based seed production and distribution. These include seed plot technology (SPT), positive selection techniques (PST) and Quality Declared Seed (QDS) systems. In addition, there has been adoption and promotion of rapid multiplication techniques (RMT) such as stem/shoot cuttings, aeroponics, sandponics, and hydroponics among others. Other measures that have been taken include importing seeds of new potato varieties. The imports increase the quantity of seeds and the number of potato varieties available to farmers. Despite these efforts, the quantity of good quality seeds available is still far below the requirements. There is need for the governments, private sector players as well as farmers to enhance their efforts and save the situation. Governments need to invest seriously in local breeding activities and multiplication of early generation seeds. These and other measures may increase availability of good quality and affordable seed potatoes in East African region.
Comparison between Matheron and Genton semivariance function estimators in spatial modeling of soybean yield
Authors: Dalposso Gustavo Henrique , Uribe-Opazo Miguel Angel , Oliveira Marcio Paulo de
Published: March 2023

In precision agriculture, interpolations are performed to map soybean yield, which facilitates decision making. Among the existing methods, geostatistics prevails, which uses information from the data’s spatial structure to generate interpolated maps. The spatial dependence structure is modeled based on the semivariogram, with the Matheron semivariance estimator being the most commonly used function. However, studies show unreliability in the presence of outliers; therefore, other researchers propose an alternative use of the Genton semivariance function estimator. Despite several studies comprising comparative works involving both estimators of the semivariance function, there are only a few comparative studies considering theoretical semivariograms with cyclical behavior, such as the Wave model. This study, therefore, aims to compare these two estimators considering adjustments of the Wave model in soybean yield data, when containing an outlier. The spatial dependence measure index was used to measure the degree of the model’s spatial dependence and the weighted Kappa index to assess the similarity of maps generated through kriging. It was possible to verify that the outlier removal was more impactful in the modeling considering the Matheron semivariance function estimator, thus confirming the robustness of the Genton semivariance function estimator
Productive characteristics and economic analysis of tropical forage grasses cultivated under different sowing methods in intercropping production systems
Authors: Rodrigues Rosane Cláudia , Costa Clésio dos Santos , Teixeira Maciel Costa , Miranda Bruno Eduardo de Caxias , Marinho Izakiel Reis , Silva Eduarda Castro da , Costa Kátia Aparecida de Pinho , Souza Yara Lima de , Barros Dhiéssica Morgana Alves , Araújo Ivo Guilherme Ribeiro de , Jesus Ana Paula Ribeiro de , Rocha Michel Oliveira , Rocha Pedro Lucas Oliveira
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to evaluate sowing methods of different tropical grasses in integrated production systems on morphogenic and structural characteristics, chemical composition, and corn yield. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with a 3 x 3 + 1 factorial arrangement, with three forages: andropogon grass (Andropogon gayanus Kunth cv. Planaltina), massai grass (Megathyrsus maximum cv. Massai) and ruziziensis grass (Urochloa ruziziensis), three ways of sowing intercropped with corn (one row, two rows and broadcast) with four replications and corn in monoculture. Soil preparation, corrective practices and monitoring were carried out as recommended by the species. The results revealed that the sowing methods did not interfere with the interaction for morphogenic and structural characteristics of the grasses. Leaf elongation rate (LER) did not differ among grasses and sowing forms for Andropogon, Massai, and Ruziziensis grasses. There was an interaction effect (P<0.05) for leaf production (LP); the massai grass exhibited higher production compared to other grasses. The spread sowing method produced less leaf availability for the massai grass. There was no effect (P>0.05) of interaction for the variables of the chemical composition of grasses. Maize production was not altered due to the different consortia; however, a much lower value was found when producing corn in monoculture. The average production of intercropped corn was 3420 kg and ha-1, against 1680 kg of single cultivated corn. Massai grass and Ruziziensis grass is an attractive alternative for intercropping with corn in integrated systems
The density and sowing time of buckwheat in organic and conventional growing system
Authors: Rosa Juliana Aozane da , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez da , Vicenzi Raul , Cecatto Ana Paula , Costa Angélica Reolon , Peter Cibele Luisa , Basso Natiane Carolina Ferrari , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Lautenchleger Francine , Sgarbossa Jaqueline , Fraga Denize da Rosa , Bandeira Willyan Júnior Adorian
Published: March 2023

The adjustment of buckwheat density and sowing time in an organic growing system guarantees satisfactory productivity with better environmental quality. The objective of the study is to adjust the sowing density and the best growing season of buckwheat, comparing the organic and conventional growing system. In the study, two experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018. Experiment one, in a randomized block design with eight replications in a 4 x 2 factorial, for sowing density (40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1) and growing location (Augusto Pestana and Três de Maio, RS, Brazil), respectively. Experiment two, in a randomized block design in a 2 x 2 factorial with eight replications, for sowing time (September and December) and growing system (conventional and organic), respectively, carried out in Augusto Pestana, RS. Grain yield and other characters of agronomic interest of the species were evaluated, with means analysis and regression adjustment. The sowing density around 110 kg ha-1 brings benefits in the buckwheat growing in reaching maximum grain yield in conventional and organic systems. Sowing in September and December is possible regardless of the production system. However, grain yield is maximized under the milder temperature conditions of September. The grain yield in an organic system, although statistically inferior to the conventional one, proves to be advantageous due to the reduced variation in yield due to add value of the product without the use of pesticides and fertilizers
Photosynthetic light response curves in Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus dunnii clones
Authors: Navroski Marcio Carlos , Pereira Mariane de Oliveira , Konzen Enéas Ricardo , Miranda Letícia , Estopa Regiane Abjaud , Mota Clenilso Sehnen
Published: March 2023

The photosynthetic light-response curve reflects the instantaneous response of the net photosynthetic rate to different gradients of photosynthetically active radiation. Genetic materials can respond differently to light and consequently alter productivity. Thus, this work aimed to compare clones of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus dunnii by checking the CO2 assimilation rate due to the increase in photosynthetically active radiation. The evaluations were carried out in mini-stumps implanted in a clonal mini-garden system. The CO2 assimilation rate curves were determined with the aid of a portable photosynthesis meter. The curves of CO2 assimilation rate (A) in response to the increase in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) were evaluated at values of 1500, 1000, 700, 450, 250, 120, 50 and 0 μmol m-2 s-1 for clones of E. benthamii and E. dunnii. The three Eucalyptus clones evaluated showed a similar behavior of the A/PAR curve, showing a high demand for photosynthetically active radiation. In general, the three clones were very similar in terms of CO2 assimilation rate due to the increase in photosynthetically active radiation
Recovery of three different varieties of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) under waterlogging stress
Authors: Habib Ismul Mauludin Al , Hartatik Sri , Ridwani Sobir , Avivi Sholeh
Published: March 2023

Tobacco plant is one of the high commercial crops that give the largest foreign exchange sources in Indonesia. It also contributes to providing employment not only for farmers but also industrial sectors. Tobacco plant experiences growth failure due to excessive rain, which causes waterlogging to the plants so that the plants become submerged and show hypoxia. A hypoxia tolerant variety is needed to reduce losses in tobacco cultivation. The research was conducted in a greenhouse and biology laboratory at the University of PGRI Argopuro Jember. This research aimed to study the post-hypoxic stress recovery ability in three previously studied varieties of tobacco plants such as sensitive, moderate, and tolerant varieties. The results showed that the treatment of hypoxic stress on tobacco plants significantly affected the parameters of stomatal activity, transpiration rate, and the amount of reducing sugar. In the sensitive and moderate tobacco varieties, the greater percentage of waterlogging resulted in decreased stomatal activity, transpiration rate, and percentage of sucrose. The tolerant tobacco varieties (Bojonegoro var.) show a tendency to increase stomatal activity (76.203, 79.735, 86.963, and 92.227, respectively, for waterlogging 100%, 120%, 140%, and 160% field capacity), transpiration rate (0.139, 0.124, 0.130, and 0.146, respectively, for waterlogging 100%, 120%, 140%, and 160% field capacity), and percentage of sucrose (3.45, 3.64, 3.73, and 4.31, respectively, for waterlogging 100%, 120%, 140%, and 160% field capacity) with a higher percentage of waterlogging. Three varieties of tobacco with tolerant, moderate, and sensitive categories to hypoxia developed different metabolisms to cope with energy crises caused by waterlogging stress comprised of the stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and sucrose percentage
Spatial distribution of acidity components and oxidizable carbon fractions in a silvopastoral system
Authors: Maekawa Simone Cândido Ensinas , Barbosa Giselle Feliciani , Silva Jefferson Rogério Marques da , Oliveira Izadora Araujo , Rezende João Victor Oliveira , Zuffo Alan Mario , Steiner Fábio
Published: March 2023

The silvopastoral system (SPS) stands out as an agroecological production system that has improved the soil's chemical quality. However, these chemical properties may have distinct changes with greater or lesser distances from the tree row tracks of the silvopastoral system. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the distance of the soil sampling points from the eucalyptus tree rows in a 2-year silvopastoral system on acidity components and oxidizable organic carbon fractions of the soil, as well as to compare these chemical properties with the conventional pasture system and native Cerrado vegetation. In the silvopastoral system (SPS), the soil samples were collected at 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 m of transverse distance from the eucalyptus tree row tracks. Soil samples collected in a conventional pasture area (CP) and a native Cerrado vegetation area (NV) were used as reference treatments. Soil samples were collected at depths from 0.0–0.10, 0.10–0.20, and 0.20–0.30 m. The acidity components (pH, Al3+ and H + Al) and oxidizable organic C fractions (F1: labile fraction; F2: moderately labile fraction; and F3: poorly labile fraction) were determined. The results showed that the lowest soil acidity level was observed at 2.5 and 10.0 m distances from the eucalyptus tree rows. However, the spatial distribution of soil sampling points to the eucalyptus tree rows in a 2-year silvopastoral system did not change the oxidizable fractions of the soil organic carbon. The 2-year silvopastoral system and native Cerrado vegetation area had the highest concentrations of organic carbon in the labile (F1) and poorly labile (F3) fractions in the soil profile compared to the conventional pasture system. A 2-year silvopastoral system in a low fertility tropical soil from the Brazilian Cerrado has not yet been able to improve the soil's chemical quality; therefore, further research should be carried out to investigate the medium and long-term effects of the silvopastoral system on the acidity components and oxidizable organic carbon fractions of the soil.
Mistakes and complications in the diagnosis and treatment of children with organic foreign body aspiration
Authors: Bataev S. M. , Sosnova S. P. , Zurbaev N. T. , Molotov R. S. , Eremin D. B. , Bataev A. S.
Published: March 2023

The reason for the publication of this article was the increase in the number of children with long-standing organic foreign bodies in the respiratory tract, the late diagnosis of which causes severe complications. The article presents the three most significant cases from the general series, when the diagnosis and treatment tactics at the stages of treatment were associated with errors both at the prehospital stage and in the hospital. In the first clinical case, as it turned out, the child had aspired multiple foreign bodies. The first bronchoscopy revealed one solid foreign body. Due to severe fibrinous-purulent endobronchitis and contact bleeding, the bronchoscopy procedure was aborted. However, after 10 days, the child independently coughed up the second seed, which was a surprise to us. Control bronchoscopy after 3 weeks revealed no foreign bodies. In the second clinical observation, a child developed bronchiectasis due to a long stay of a foreign body in the respiratory tract. The third case demonstrates the diagnosis and treatment tactics in a child with a foreign body against the background of a coronavirus infection. In the first and third cases, the results of treatment were satisfactory. In the second case, a long stay of peanuts in the respiratory tract led to bronchiectasis in the lower lobe of the left lung, which required its removal. In the follow-up, there are no complaints, the child grows and develops according to age. The study analyzes the mistakes made at the stages of diagnosis and treatment of children with foreign bodies in the respiratory tract.Conclusion. Young children with long-term and atypically current respiratory diseases, dubious and even normal radiological picture with the absence of comprehensive information on the anamnesis of diseases should alert the doctor to the possibility of aspiration of a foreign body in the respiratory tract and serve as the basis for performing bronchoscopy.
Organization of medical care for newborns with congenital malformations in the Moscow Region
Authors: Shchapov N. F. , Keshishyan E. S. , Ekimovskaya E. V. , Melnik T. N. , Pykhteev D. A.
Published: March 2023

Infant deaths like a litmus paper reflects the level of development of the medical care in the country. The active development of this industry in general and pediatric medicine in particular made it possible to reduce this indicator significantly, but its structure has changed. Now the contribution of congenital malformations has become more significant than 10–15 and even 40 years ago. New reality provides new challenges to the professional community in medical terms as much as in organizational and legislative terms. We present the current system of organizing care for children with congenital malformations, implemented in the Moscow Region, which includes obstetric service (screening for malformations, expert examination and prenatal counseling, delivery in a specialized perinatal center), neonatal, pediatric surgical (prenatal counseling, surgical care in the delivery room, correction of malformations in the neonatal period, subsequent staged treatment and observation) and pediatric services (follow-up observation). The proposed algorithm is aimed at reducing the likelihood of a child being born with an undiagnosed or lethal defect, preventing the uncontrolled development of a critical condition, and providing the most optimal and safe method of surgical treatment and postoperative management tactics. The introduction of such a system will not only reduce infant mortality, but also reduce the disability of the child population.
Assessment of the arginine and glutamic acid content in the blood serum of full-term newborns with intrauterine growth retardation
Authors: Kravchenko I. V. , Krukier I. I. , Afonin A. A. , Levkovich M. A. , Berezhanskaya S. B. , Avilova O. V. , Puzikova O. Z. , Sozaeva D. I.
Published: March 2023

The problem of intrauterine growth retardation is currently relevant, as it is one of the causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Purpose. To study the course of the neonatal period and evaluate the content of arginine and glutamic acid in full-term newborns depending on the severity of intrauterine growth retardation.Material and methods. 78 full-term newborns with intrauterine growth retardation according to hypotrophic type were examined. The content of glutamic acid and arginine in blood serum was determined in the early neonatal period by capillary electrophoresis using an unmodified quartz capillary (Kapel-105, Lumeks, St. Petersburg, Russia).Results. Markers of the formation of a severe degree of intrauterine growth retardation were identified: increased levels of glutamic acid and arginine, taking into account impaired cerebral blood flow in the early neonatal period. A model is proposed for predicting the persistence of a severe degree of intrauterine growth retardation in newborns by the end of the neonatal period.Conclusion. The proposed diagnostic criteria make it possible to start specific therapy in a timely manner in order to prevent the formation of a severe degree of intrauterine growth retardation.
Clinical efficacy of antileukotriene therapy in children with acute bronchitis
Authors: Mizernitskiy Yu. L. , Gaymolenko I. N. , Markovskaya A. I. , Potapova N. L.
Published: March 2023

Recurrent episodes of bronchial obstruction in preschool children are one of the important risk factors for the development of bronchial asthma.Purpose. The study aimed at investigating the clinical and immunological characteristics of children with acute bronchitis and to determine the clinical effectiveness of course anti-inflammatory therapy.Material and methods. The study was a single-center prospective cohort, including 1–5-year-old patients with acute bronchitis (main group, n = 109): a group with acute simple bronchitis (n = 34) and acute obstructive bronchitis (n = 75). Reference group: children of health group 2 (n = 29). Clinical and anamnestic and laboratory methods were used. Patients with a positive API (Asthma Predictive Index) were administered montelukast at a dose of 4 mg orally once a day for 3 months (control points at 1 and 3 months), reference patients received symptomatic therapy for respiratory infection. The end point of the study is the absence of bronchial obstruction. The effectiveness of the use of Montelukast was evaluated by calculating the clinical index, efficiency coefficient. Results. A statistically significant predominance of intoxication symptoms was found in patients with acute simple bronchitis (p = 0.02), signs of respiratory failure (p < 0.001), and peripheral eosinophilia — in children with acute obstructive bronchitis (p = 0.02). In etiology, rhinovirus significantly prevailed in patients with bronchial obstruction, and RS virus prevailed in patients with acute simple bronchitis (p = 0.02). The cytokine profile of patients with acute obstructive bronchitis is characterized by a decrease in the levels of macrophage inflammatory proteins (p = 0.01) and IL-8 (p = 0.048). A prolonged course of montelukast in children with a positive API significantly reduces the severity of subsequent acute respiratory infections, reduces the frequency of bronchial obstruction and the risk of bronchial asthma (p < 0.001).Conclusion. Evaluation of the results of montelukast therapy demonstrated clinical efficacy in patients with a positive API index.
The effect of physical activity on electrophysiological processes in the ventricular myocardium in child-athletes
Authors: Shumov A. V. , Kraeva N. V. , Makarova V. I.
Published: March 2023

Maladaptation processes in the cardiovascular system in child athletes are associated with changes in electrophysiological processes in the myocardium. To identify risk groups for the development of the cardiovascular system pathology among this contingent, it is possible to use a non-invasive technique: ECG dispersion mapping.Purpose. To identify changes in electrophysiological processes in the myocardium of the left and right ventricles in child athletes in response to physical activity.Material and methods. 279 healthy children without chronic disease aged from 12 to 18 years were under observation. A group of 209 children involved in sports has been identified. The gender distribution is as follows: 153 boys (73%) and 56 girls (27%). The reference group included 70 children not involved in sports. All child athletes had access to the training and competition process. Within the study group, 4 subgroups were allocated in accordance with sports: A subgroup — children attending the football section (51 boys); B — basketball (37 boys and 22 girls); C — volleyball (29 boys and 27 girls); D — martial arts (36 boys and 7 girls). All children underwent dispersion mapping of the electrocardiogram using the Cardiovisor software and hardware complex before and after the exercise test. The processes of depolarization and repolarization in the myocardium of the left and right ventricles were analyzed on the basis of G3–G6 indices. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using MS Excel, Stata.Results. The analysis of electrophysiological processes in the myocardium of the left and right ventricles in child athletes showed statistically significant differences in comparison with the reference group. In all G3-G6 indicators in the main group, a moderate deviation was noted, while all values in the reference group were within normal limits in more than 92%. Moderate physical exertion led to the registration of both moderate and pronounced electrophysiological disturbances in the myocardium, especially in children engaged in highly dynamic sports, namely basketball.
Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan dalam Ketimpangan Relasi Kuasa: Studi Kasus di Rifka Annisa Women's Crisis Center
Authors: Farid Muhammad Rifa'at Adiakarti
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the causes of acts of violence and acts of sexual harassment against women. This action can occur by anyone and anywhere that is closely related to health and human rights. Acts of violence are often used as a way to maintain and force the subordination of women against men. This research uses descriptive qualita­tive method at Rifka Annisa Women’s Crisis Center. Acts of violence and acts of sexual harassment against women occur because of the low mindset of the community about equality of men and women who are intertwined between fellow interactions, both are equally disadvantaged in the situation. The result of this study, there is a single factor causing violence against women, namely because of socio-cultural factors or because of the imbalance of power relations which causes the subordination of women.
Studying the impact of reservoir temperature, water salinity and CO2 dryness on CO2 injectivity during geological CO2 sequestration
Authors: Ahmadi Parvin , Ahmaad Faizan , Aziz Rahman Mohammad , Rezaei Gomari Sina
Published: March 2023

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is proved to be effective measure for reducing CO2 emissions. whilst the world still highly depends on the use of fossil fuel energy, this method is necessary for reaching the world’s 1.5 °C goal. Saline aquifers among all possible underground formations are most common targeted ones for CO2 storage due to their frequent presence, and large storage capacity. However, this storage option suffers from sufficient well injectivity to inject large volumes of CO2 at acceptable rates through a minimum number of wells. The injectivity impairment/reinforcement happens through mineral dissolution, fine particle movement, salt precipitation and hydrate formation (known so far). Each of these mechanisms will be more dominant in injectivity alteration at different distance from the injection point depending on reservoir pressure and temperature, formation water salinity, rock mineralogy, and flow rate of CO2 injection as well as its dryness. In this study we have chosen a commercial software Eclipse 300 together with an open-source code to investigate the impact of formation characteristics, CO2 -Brine-Rock interaction, pressure, temperature as well as injection rate on injectivity alteration. The goal for this work is to provide a workflow which can help predicting injectivity alteration using the existing tools. Simulation results show that permeability is affected severely by salt precipitation during CO2 injection. Combined static and dynamic parameter study demonstrate that the injection rate plays a crucial role in size and expansion of CO2 plume as well as growth rate of dry out zone length, amount of salt precipitation and length of equilibrium region. The higher the injection rate, the quicker activation of the capillary and gravity force which leads to drag more brine to near well-bore resulting in higher volume fraction of salt precipitation. However, low injection rate could result in smaller CO2 plume, shorter dry out zone and longer equilibrium region in term of distance from injection point. Thus, optimizing the injection rate regarding reservoir parameters i.e., temperature, pressure and in-situ salinity, will lead to higher storage capacity as well as well performance and maintenance.
Designing and controlling a self-balancing platform mechanism based on 3-RCC spherical parallel manipulator
Authors: Chen Yen Jung , Tung Wei-Cheng , Lee Wei-Rui , Patel Brijesh , Bučinskas Vytautas , Greitans Modris , Lin Po Ting
Published: March 2023

Motion control platforms have various applications in the manufacturing and automation industries. Different literature provides multiple issues related to the kinematics and dynamics of self-guided robots for transportation regarding platform balancing. Self-balancing platforms are utilized in many deliveries, stabilization, and transportation systems, and they are especially well suited for outdoor activities when the ground surface is not flat or structured. This paper describes developing a control technique for a self-balancing platform using the 3-RCC spherical parallel manipulator. This mechanism was designed to support an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) for transporting and lifting heavy weights for industrial applications. The AGV carries a robotic arm on top for different tasks. When the AGV encounters a steep slope or a rough surface, the AGV tilts, and the robotic arm’s performance is significantly affected. So, this study gives a solution to avoid these circumstances with a novel approach for the platform’s self-balancing mechanism consisting of a 3-RCC spherical parallel manipulator. Real-time stabilization and kinematics analysis methods are used to achieve the self-balancing system of the platform. When both methods are observed through different tilting angles for automation stability, Kinematic analysis performs more efficiently with less time duration when compared with the real-time stabilization method.
A comparison of struvite precipitation thermodynamics and kinetics modelling techniques
Authors: Natividad-Marin Leynard , Burns Max William , Schneider Phil
Published: March 2023

Solution thermodynamics and kinetic modelling applied to struvite crystallisation–precipitation were reviewed from diverse references to determine proximity between predicted and cited experimental measurements. These simulations show the expected variability range of struvite saturation calculation when only limited solution compositional information is given, showing acceptable agreement between predicted and experimental struvite mass. This work also compares results from struvite crystallisation kinetic studies on liquid phase species depletion, crystallisation induction time, primary nucleation, secondary nucleation, crystal growth, and crystal aggregation. Large inconsistencies between reported kinetics were observed in many scenarios. Variations in species depletion models highlighted that they are only suitably applied to the specific system from which they were regressed. Spontaneous primary nucleation was predicted to occur in the range of SI = 0.237–0.8. Predicted primary nucleation rates vary over at least 10 orders of magnitude (depending on supersaturation) because of uncertainties in interfacial tension and maximum achievable nucleation rate. Secondary nucleation rates are more agreeable, varying over approximately two orders of magnitude. Growth rates varied over five orders of magnitude due to variations in experimental conditions. Aggregation rates are not thoroughly examined enough to make any inferences.
Enhanced Rhodamine B degradation by GAC/Mn–Sn particles electrodes
Authors: Yang Zhang , Yang Song , Shiqiao Yang , Yuanhong Ding
Published: March 2023

Rhodamine B (RhB) wastewater could be degraded by a three-dimensional electrolytic reactor with surface-modified titanium anodes, and a variety of materials had been tried to prepare for particles electrodes to enhance its removal effects, among them, granular activated carbon (GAC) with large specific surface areas and stable chemical properties was selected as particles materials and coated by manganese oxidation (Mn) as the main active ingredient. The experimental results showed that 98.3% of RhB and 60.7% of chemical oxygen demand were removed respectively, and the RhB wastewater's biodegradability was improved either. On the superficial sites of GAC/Mn–Sn particles, hydroxyl radicals were generated, and some absorbed RhB molecular was initially decolored by hypochlorite removing the two ethyl groups on both sides of the molecular, then oxidized by hydroxyl, and continually decomposed by these strong oxidants into a variety of intermediates.