bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Resource Endowments of Mustard Growers in Hamirpur District of Bundelkhand Region Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Kalia Abhishek
Published: October 2021

A vigilant study of the resource endowment conditions of farmers is a precondition for the appropriate design and successful implementation of the government’s programs. The study was conducted in Hamirpur district of Bundelkhand during 2019-20 to investigate the resource endowments and socioeconomic status of mustard grower farmers. Maudaha block of Hamirpur was selected, randomly. Primary data was collected from a sample of 120 respondents through structured questionnaire using a multistage sampling. The data indicated that out total respondent’s maximum were found illiterate, majority of farmers were having Pakka house. Agriculture was found to be the major source of income for the farmers of Maudaha block and also provided a source of the dietary needs of the family. Average size holding per farm was found highest under large farms followed by medium and small farms. The cropping intensity of Hamirpur was found less than that of whole Bundelkhand region. Buffalo population was found to be increasing in the region over the period.
Value Chain Analysis of Fish in Meghalaya: A Case Study in East Khasi Hills District
Authors: Singh Ram
Published: October 2021

This study on ‘Value Chain Analysis of Fish in Meghalaya: A case study in East Khasi Hills district’ has been conducted in 2020-21 with specific objectives (1) To map the actors involved in the value chain of fish business. (2) To estimate the value addition in fish marketing by the value chain actors. The value chain actors were identified and the structure of the value chains was mapped. The study revealed that the most commonly followed method of value addition of fish in the study area are fermenting, drying and smoking. The cost incurred for making fermented fish was observed to be ` 21.50/kg, ` 16.50/kg for dry fish and ` 37.50/kg for smoked fish. Additionally, net profit was found to be highest in value-added fish than compared to fresh ones. Therefore, value addition should be encouraged among fish farmers to increase net profit.
Post-integration Effect of e-NAM in Nawapara APMC, Chhattisgarh
Authors: Tyngkan Hehlangki
Published: October 2021

The present study was carried out in Nawapara APMC in Chhattisgarh to examine the changes brought about by the e-NAM intervention in the arrivals and prices of paddy. To identify the factors that influence farmers’ participation in the e-NAM platform, several 75 farmers were selected and interviewed. F test and t-test were adopted to analyze the equality of variances and means of the market arrivals and prices of paddy before and after e-NAM adoption. The study results show that both the monthly arrivals and modal prices of paddy were higher post-e-NAM integration than before it was integrated. The percentage changes before and after e-NAM in the arrivals and prices were 29.28 percent and 24.21 percent, respectively. There is no significant ratio in variances, whereas there is a significant difference in the means of both the arrivals and prices, as shown by F and t t-test results. The factors that motivated the farmers to do trading on the e-NAM platform were found to be influenced mainly by remunerative price followed by better price than the open auction, more transparency, and absence of middlemen. This indicated that the implementation of the e-NAM platform has a positive impact on arrivals and prices. The impact may be more visible once it is implemented in the true sense of conceptualized.
Factors Affecting Marketing of Vegetables among Small-Scale Farmers in West Bengal: An Analysis
Authors: Raplang Lapasam
Published: October 2021

This study was conducted to identify and analyse factors affecting marketing of vegetables among small-scale farmers in West Bengal. Data collected with structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and regression analysis. Data collected from 80 vegetable growers selected from Cooch Behar using structured interview schedule and analyzed through econometric techniques. Regression analysis showed that the factors like price, production, farm size, extension contact, competition, transportation, etc. determine the arrival of vegetable crops in the market. Correlation analysis among the variables from demand-side showed that population growth, per capita income and production level had positive correlations with market arrival (demand) of vegetable crops. The study recommended higher investment, favourable government policy, quality of produce, post-harvest facilities, etc. for improving overall marketing efficiency.
PERENCANAAN GEDUNG SINEMA KELUARGA DI KAWASAN PULAU KUMALA PENEKANAN PADA AKUSTIK RUANG
Authors: Hakim Bhanu Rizfa , Rulia Anna , Fahlafi Arif Indra
Published: October 2021

The development of the cinema industry in the city of Samarinda and the development increased significantly. At present, in the city of Samarinda there are 5 famous brand places, namely XX1 Big Mall, XX1 Samarinda Square, XX1 SCP, Cinema 21 SCP, and the newest CGV Cinema Plaza Mulia. The number of developments in East Kalimantan, especially Samarinda and its surroundings was triggered by a considerable attraction from the public for the film industry, from children to the elderly. This gives the potential for regional economic growth from the tourism sector. Therefore, this potential needs to be maximized by involving the construction of the Family Cinema Building in the Kumala Island Region, housing and entertainment clusters, Tenggarong City, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan.

This great potential is supported by the strategic tourism area of ​​Kumala Island and the absence of well-known brands in the city of Tenggarong. In addition, Kumala Island as a tourist island that needs to be managed and benefited by the Government and the Tourism Department of Kutai Kartanegara Regency is an attractive tourist attraction for the surrounding community and migrants. Planning this Family Cinema Building will be one of the best attractions for the community, because it supports the family concept, providing 17 mini theater spaces, lounges, parks and other facilities. So the planning of tourist attraction development needs to be done in order to maximize the essence and image of Kumala Island as one of the best tourist destinations in East Kalimantan.
THE CAUCHY PROBLEM OF A PERIODIC KAWAHARA EQUATION IN ANALYTIC GEVREY SPACES
Authors: BOUKAROU Aissa , GUERBATİ Kaddour
Published: October 2021

The Cauchy problem for the Kawahara equation with data in analytic Gevrey spaces on the circle is considered and its local well-posedness in these spaces is proved. Using Bourgain-Gevrey type analytic spaces and appropriate bilinear estimates, it is shown that local in time wellposedness holds when the initial data belong to an analytic Gevrey spaces of order σ. Moreover, the solution is not necessarily Gσ in time. However, it belongs to G5σ near zero for every x on the circle. We study a Cauchy problem for Kawahara equation . With data in analytic Gevrey spaces on the circal, we prove that the problem is well defined. We also treat the regularity in time which belongs to $G^{5\sigma}$ .
Fu Lei: A Patriotic Chinese Intellectual
Authors:   Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai China 201620, Feng MAO
Published: October 2021

Fu Lei, a well-known Chinese scholar, art theorist and translator, is well versed in a variety of Chinese and Western arts. He has profound cultural and academic knowledge, unique insights, meticulous and rigorous style of study, and a sincere pursuit of art and truth. He is an iron man with personality and thought, with ill-fated destiny, but he never surrendered. He has a strong character and is known as the most backbone of modern Chinese intellectuals. This article reviews Fu Lei's ups and downs throughout his life, introduces his representative works and writing styles in different periods, as well as the social influence of his works, and appreciates his passion for literature and art, noble personality and patriotism.
Effectiveness of Differentiated Instruction in Higher Education
Authors:   Professor, Georgian National University (SEU), Gobiberia Ianina
Published: October 2021

The main purpose of differentiated learning is to provide opportunities for continuous development to any learner and relies on the existence of significant differences between learners. Teaching environment and instruction strategies created according to readiness, learning style, age and interests increase the learner’s motivation, involvement, the degree of achievement of the result, which lies in the formation of knowledge, skills and attitudes according to individual ability. The differentiation theory is employed in two different formats, the first based on teaching activities designed to take into account all learners’ modalities, when the student achieves maximum understanding of the issue with the activity corresponding to his/her dominant modality, and the second format is designed to form groups according to the learning modality and to select appropriate assignments for them; the weakness of the latter is the recognition of the student’s modality by the teacher. According to studies, the desired result is given by the mixed use of both formats.
Abrogation of Article 370 and 35-A, human rights situation in Indian occupied Kashmir and response options for Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Munazza
Published: October 2021

Kashmir issue is a bone of contention between India and Pakistan since independence. One limited and three full-fledged wars have been fought between India and Pakistan. On August 05, 2019, India unilaterally abrogated Article 370 and 35-A of the Indian Constitution and made Kashmir it is part. Pakistan is continuously raising voice for the Kashmir cause and is making efforts to end the miseries of the people of Kashmir. This article is qualitative research in which a deductive methodology was adopted. Secondary data was used such as books, research articles, newspaper articles, reports, website articles and magazine articles. Descriptive and analytic technique is used. The findings show that abrogation of the two constitutional articles has severe consequences for South Asian strategic stability. Indian annexation of Indian held Jammu and Kashmir has resulted in human rights violations, killings, economic undermining, and social strangulation of the Kashmiri people. Pakistan needs to adopt different policy options provided in the article to resolve Kashmir issue because Kashmir is Pakistan’s jugular vein. Peace and stability in Kashmir will bring peace and stability in South Asia and the world at large.
Nano Malzemelerle Modifiye Edilen Bitüm ve Bitümlü Karışımların Fiziksel ve Reolojik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi: Literatür Araştırması
Authors: ÇETİN Hatice Merve
Published: October 2021

İnşaa edilen yol kaplamaları; olumsuz iklim şartları, artan ve tekrarlı trafik yüklerden kaynaklı deformasyona uğramaktadır. Servis ömrünü tamamlayamadan bozulmaya uğrayan yollarda yapılan bakım ve onarım çalışmaları ise ülke ekonomisini önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Bu sebepten dolayı sürdürülebilir yol üstyapıları için gelişen teknoloji ve katkı malzemelerinin de kullanımıyla kaplamaların dayanımı arttırılarak servis ömrü uzatılabilmektedir. Bitüm ile farklı katkı malzemeleri modifiye edilerek dayanımı yüksek üstyapılar inşaa edilmekte ve kullanıma sunulmaktadır. Bu katkılar; endüstriyel atıklar, geri dönüştürülmüş malzemeler, polimerler ve nano malzemeler olarak sayılabilir. Nanoteknolojinin de gelişmesiyle bitüm modifikasyonunda nano malzemelerin kullanımı yaygınlaşmaya başlamıştır. Yapılan çalışmalarda bitüm; nanokiller, nanosilika, nano-CaCO3, nano-TiO2, nano karbon siyahı ve daha başka malzemelerle modifiye edilerek, bitümün reolojik ve fiziksel özellikleri incelenmiştir. Nano malzemelerin kullanılması ile bitümün, durabilitesi, suya karşı hassasiyeti, depolama stabilitesi ve daha birçok özelliğinde önemli iyileşmeler kaydedilmiştir. Bu çalışmamızda bu önemli konuda yapılan araştırmalar ve bu araştırmalar neticesinde elde edilen bulgular sunulacaktır.
CIDADE NEGRA: O RIO DE JANEIRO NAS TELAS DE HEITOR DOS PRAZERES
Authors: Maranhão Romero de Albuquerque
Published: October 2021

A cultura negra está presente em diversos espaços da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, sendo, portanto, um elemento crucial para a identidade e história de sua população, bem como para o processo de resistência ao racismo. Heitor dos Prazeres (1898-1966), um artista visual e compositor, retratou o cotidiano da cidade em suas pinturas, a fim de apresentar o outro lado do Rio de Janeiro, até então invisível, onde havia o mundo do samba e outros ambientes do carnaval, com os negros, e passistas. Em suas pinturas Heitor resistiu ao padrão estético vigente, apresentando as casas com cores variadas e o fluxo de pessoas pelos espaços públicos da cidade. Suas telas também apontavam para a vida difícil que as mulheres levavam ao transportar bacias e latas de água em suas cabeças, e o trabalho pesado realizado pelos negros nas estivas e nos transportes de caminhões. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo, na perspectiva interdisciplinar, é apresentar cenas da cidade do Rio de Janeiro presentes nas obras de Heitor, mostrando como os negros são deslocados do centro em direção à periferia, inicialmente ocupando a base dos morros, em seguida, subindo pelas suas encostas. Com isso, ele registrou outra cidade, até então sem visibilidade e cheia de problemas sociais e impotente ao status quo.
Nutritional quality, digestibility and growth performance of sheep fed fodder obtained from early-or-late-maturing groundnuts cultivars
Authors: Emmanuel Asare-Agyapong , N Abdul Rahman , Weseh Addah , A. Ayantunde A.
Published: October 2021

This study determined the digestibility and growth performance of sheep fed groundnut fodder obtained from early- or late-maturing cultivars. Early-maturing cultivars (90 days) included Chinese, Yenyawoso and Sumnut 23 whereas late-maturing cultivars (110 to 120 days) were Sumnut 22, Azivivi and Manipinta. Each variety was cultivated on 4 replicated fields. At maturity, all the cultivars were harvested. The pods were separated from the haulms (leaves and twigs) and equal portions of the haulms were composited into early- or late-maturing cultivars. Each of the composited haulms was then dried and chopped to a theoretical length of 3–4 cm before being used to formulate two diets that were fed to twenty-two West African Dwarf sheep (14.75±2.52 kg) in a 45-d feeding trial. Two ruminally-cannulated Nungua Black Head sheep were used to determine the digestion kinetics of the fodder in an in situ digestibility experiment whereas in vitro digestibility of the fodder at 48 h was also assessed. The early-maturing cultivars had higher concentrations of acid detergent fibre (ADF; P = 0.01) and acid detergent lignin (ADL; P = 0.02) but lower (P = 0.02) concentration of dry matter (92.4 vs. 93.3%) compared to the late-maturing cultivars. The concentration of silica differed between the two cultivars by 44%, as it tended (P = 0.08) to be higher in the late-maturing compared to the early- maturing cultivars (2.6 vs. 1.8%). The higher concentrations of ADF and ADL in the early-maturing cultivars reduced (P = 0.03) the extent of digestion of this fodder compared to the late-maturing cultivars (43.9 vs. 52.1% DM). Growth performance of sheep fed the groundnut fodder did not differ statistically (P ≥ 0.69). This study concludes that late-maturing cultivars produced more DM and had less recalcitrant fibre constituents (ADF and ADL) than early-maturing cultivars. Improvements in the extent of digestion of the late-maturing groundnut cultivars did not reflect in the growth performance of sheep fed the late-maturing groundnut fodder.
Van Troje naar Rome
Authors: Heerink Mark
Published: October 2021

Book 3 of Virgil’s Aeneid has always been evaluated quite negatively, and scholars have been surprised by the Homeric fantasy world that is presented. This article will present a metapoetical reading of Aeneid 3, explaining the striking nature of the book, which is interpreted as commenting on Virgil’s relationship with Homeric epic.
‘Homerus noemt mij niet’
Authors: Soerink Jörn
Published: October 2021

This article examines the Achaemenides episode in the third book of Virgil’s Aeneid (3.588-691). It explores the intratextual connections with the Sinon episode in the second book and especially Virgil’s highly creative ‘rewriting’ of the Cyclops episode in the Odyssey (9.106-566). Particular attention is paid to the ways in which the Virgilian text metapoetically signals its intertextual engagement with the Odyssey. An intermezzo scrutinizes Achaemenides’ speaking name, arguing that it alludes to verbal and visual representations of Parthian suppliants in Augustan discourse. The article concludes with an analysis of a Dutch poem, Achaemenides by Willem Jan Otten, in which the Aeneid’s creative response to the Odyssey is thematised and given new meaning.
Gestolen erfenis I: diefstal in Alexandrië
Authors: Flinterman Jaap-Jan
Published: October 2021

The present contribution, the first panel of a diptych, discusses a claim put forward by George G.M. James in his book Stolen Legacy (1954). According to James, the Macedonian king Alexander III in association with the philosopher Aristotle plundered the Royal Library at Alexandria – a crucial episode in what Afrocentric thinkers consider the theft of African philosophy by the Greeks. The article presents and analyses the evidence for the founding of Alexandria, for Aristotle’s whereabouts during Alexander’s conquest of the Persian Empire, and for the establishment of the Alexandrian library. James’ contention turns out to be unsupported by any evidence. In addition, it is at odds with the results of historical research into events of the late fourth and early third century BCE relevant to the matter at hand. The alleged theft must have taken place in a city not yet founded, by a philosopher with an alibi, and in an institution that would not be established until at least a quarter of a century after the death of the Macedonian conqueror. Afrocentric responses to such criticisms will be discussed in a sequel to this contribution, published elsewhere in this issue of Lampas.
Gestolen erfenis 2: tempelroof in Rakote
Authors: Flinterman Jaap-Jan
Published: October 2021

In the present article, a sequel to a contribution published elsewhere in this issue of Lampas, I discuss afrocentric attempts to amend James’ story of the plundering of the Royal Library at Alexandria by Alexander and Aristotle. The aim of these attempts is to salvage from its critics the fiction of a palpable theft of Egyptian wisdom by the Greeks. Rakote, the original Egyptian settlement on the location of the city founded by Alexander, is substituted for Alexandria, a temple library for the Ptolemaic institute, and Callisthenes for Aristotle. While James’ apologists pretend that they are defending the main thesis of Stolen Legacy, they are actually coming up with a new story to replace James’ untenable invention. The amended story may look superficially less implausible than the original one, it still is an unfounded contention, unsupported by any evidence, and hard to combine with what we know about Alexander’s policies in Egypt and elsewhere. Rather than rescuing James’ ‘hypothesis’ from its critics, the amendments demonstrate the indispensability of fiction for afrocentric discourse.
Homerus lezen met Quintus van Smyrna
Authors: Scheijnen Tine
Published: October 2021

The death of Priam by the hands of Achilles’ son Neoptolemus (Pyrrhus) is a popular episode in the Trojan tradition. Quintus of Smyrna’s version invites a creative dialogue with Vergil’s (Latin) Aeneid and Triphiodorus’ (Greek) Sack of Ilion. All of these texts look back on Iliad 24 from varying perspectives, creating a complex interplay which Quintus thematizes in book 13 of his Greek epic sequel to Homer (Posthomerica, third century AD). A diptych of two scenes, in which old men are killed by Greek heroes, serves to juxtapose two possible interpretations of this situation – one underlining the cruelty of the sack of Troy, the other bewailing the misery of a long life – and presents the reader with a moral dilemma. Heroic ideology and the tragedy of mortality clash on a level more explicit than in the Iliad. Quintus’ choices on an intertextual level thus enhance the overall narrative agenda of his own epic, on an intratextual level. This episode broaches a wide scope of narrative reflections, including the complex interaction of literary sources (mainly Homer reception), narrative composition and characterization, and themes such as heroism and pathos in war literature.
Laat U door die schurken niets wijsmaken!
Authors: Wisse Jakob
Published: October 2021

This article describes Cicero’s rhetorical use of character delineation in his Pro Roscio Amerino, and the consistency with which he employs this persuasive technique throughout the speech. It is argued that the resemblance of the structure of the text to the standard rhetorical rules is superficial: Cicero’s strategies in this early speech are already in basic agreement with his mature descriptions in De Oratore. His reliance on non-rational argument cannot, however, be used to suggest that Roscius was guilty, and Cicero’s version of events may well be true, even if this cannot be proven.
Narratieve technieken ter verdediging van Sextus Roscius
Authors: van Gils Lidewij
Published: October 2021

Forensic narratives, narrationes, provide the speaker with a number of typically narrative advantages in the process of persuasion. It is, for instance, easier to present the perspective of an outsider in the form of a story than as part of an argumentation. Moreover, a narrative allows the narrator to portray an exceptional situation as acceptable and to insert various voices without the risk of seeming inconsistent. Stereotypes can also play a subtle and persuasive role in a story. This article will show how Cicero, in his defence of Roscius Amerinus, has used all these narrative techniques.
Cicero als epische held
Authors: Gerbrandy Piet
Published: October 2021

At several instances in Pro Sexto Roscio Amerino, Cicero refers to literary texts his audience must have been familiar with: the Iliad, Aeschylus’ Oresteia, Ennian tragedy, a comedy by Caecilius and traditional stories about the Roman past. As Cicero published the speech to be read as a book, he clearly intended his readers to assess his client’s misery and his own fearlessness in the context of great literature. The result is a stunning and heartbreaking story about a helpless victim of criminal institutions and his intrepid lawyer.
Wraak en gerechtigheid in de Odyssee
Authors: Bakker Egbert
Published: October 2021

This article offers a reading of the Odyssey that places emphasis on the wrath of Poseidon as a factor in the structure of the poem’s plot. Even though the god does not play a role as character in the second half of the poem, his wrath against Odysseus is apparent in the presence of the Suitors in Odysseus’ house and in the problems resulting from their death. The inland journey that Odysseus has to undertake after the action of the poem ends is a direct consequence of the murder. This scenario, which revolves around revenge and leaves the poem’s plot open-ended, is set against the folktale pattern of the ‘returning husband’ in which the killing of the suitor(s) of the returning hero’s wife is presented as a case of justice done which brings the plot to closure. The presence of both scenarios is studied in light of the Odyssey’s ambition to transcend its folktale roots and present itself as heroic epic poetry.
Homerische sprekers
Authors: de Jonge Casper
Published: October 2021

This contribution draws attention to the rhetorical aspects of Homeric poetry. Recent scholarship has shown that speeches in the Iliad and Odyssey display various patterns, techniques and strategies of persuasion that were in later times taught by Greek and Roman rhetoricians. The first part of this essay explores the complex relationship between Homeric poetry and classical rhetoric. The second part examines the rhetorical techniques of Polyphemus, the Sirens, Calypso and Odysseus. It is argued that a rhetorical perspective on Homeric speeches can inform and enrich the reading experience of the Odyssey. A few didactic applications are suggested.
Hoe word ik gelukkig?
Authors: Soerink Jörn
Published: October 2021

This article offers an introduction to Cicero’s philosophical writings in general and his Tusculan Disputations in particular. Two passages from this treatise are part of the set texts for the Dutch final school exam Latin in 2018 (1.96-104 and 5.57-62). After introducing Cicero philosophus, it offers a synopsis of the Tusculan Disputations and a selective discussion of the aforementioned passages, with some suggestions for the classroom.
De Stoa of een zelfhulpgoeroe?
Authors: de Ferrante Marijne
Published: October 2021

Students in Dutch secondary schools are expected to translate Latin texts literally. They have to put a lot of effort into this task and, because of the difficulty of the task, many students hardly ever think about the question whether the content of the text is significant for their own situation in life. In this article, I present a ‘Whole Task’-assignment that promotes motivation by allowing choices and autonomous decisions. Students create their own Encheiridion and, in doing so, show their teacher and themselves how they personalize the reading of philosophical texts.
Ovidius tussen elegie en epos
Authors: van den Broek Pieter
Published: October 2021

In this article I discuss recent trends and publications on Ovidian scholarship, focussing on Heroides 16 and 17, Metamorphoses 1.452-567, 3.131-252 and 8.611-724, and Tristia 4.10. These texts cross borders between elegy and epic. I argue that they can be seen as examples of Ovid as a versatile poet, who plays games with his predecessors, characters, readers, and himself.
Er zullen wel Griekse ankers zijn …
Authors: Wessels Antje
Published: October 2021

Under the influence of philhellenistic ideas, ancient scholars ascribed the beginning of Roman literature to a ‘Greek slave’, Livius Andronicus, and his alleged translation of a Greek drama in 240 BC. This paper aims to demonstrate that the Roman project of finding ‘Greek origins’ had an impact not only on our general understanding of Roman tragedy, but also on the theoretical framework, methods and techniques of editing and contextualizing its fragmentary remains, i.e. on philological approaches to working with its fragments.
De nieuwe stichters van de Eeuwige Stad
Authors: Hunsucker Raphael
Published: October 2021

Anchoring

Dit artikel is gebaseerd op een promotieonderzoek gefinancierd door een subsidie van de Nederlandse Organisatie voor wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) aan OIKOS, de landelijke onderzoekschool voor klassieke studiën. Naast vele anderen dank ik met name Olivier Hekster, Sible de Blaauw en David Rijser voor hun waardevolle commentaar en talrijke interessante discussies, en Ineke Sluiter voor de mogelijkheid om in dit themanummer mijn onderzoek te bespreken.

can be a powerful strategy to legitimize innovation and changes, but its success also depends on the choice of the anchor. If a given anchor proves to be successful in one context, it may be purposefully employed again and again in highly different circumstances. The foundation of Rome is a case in point: major innovations were repeatedly related to the city’s most distant beginnings, and founders of Rome came to act as mirrors through which the Romans recognized the novelties of the present in a primordial past.

A concrete application of this idea is the phenomenon of ‘ktistic renewal’: redefining the concept of foundation, influential agents of innovation could be seen as ‘second founders’ of the city. This epithet was famously applied to the emperor Augustus, comparing him to Romulus. The way his innovative regime was anchored in turn functioned as an anchor for later innovations. In Late Antiquity, the apostles Peter and Paul were also seen as new founders of a reborn, Christian Rome. In both periods, foundational figures thus played a role as anchors to legitimate far-reaching religious and political changes. This article examines the repeated recourse to new and second founders in the Augustan Age and Late Antiquity to highlight the success of one anchoring device in two very distinct contexts. Obviously, such double or incremental anchoring may call for innovation in the use of the anchor itself – and that is exactly what this contribution aims to study.
Augustus’ ankers
Authors: Adema Suzanne , Dijkstra Sophie
Published: October 2021

In this article we present teaching materials based on the concept ‘anchoring innovation’, meant for students in year three of secondary school. The purpose of the materials is to illustrate how ‘anchoring innovation’ worked in Antiquity and to illustrate that these principles are still relevant today. A secondary goal is to give students insight into Classics as an academic discipline. Within the context of the classroom ‘anchoring innovation’ helps students to understand the relationship between different historical events, texts and material culture.

In this set of teaching materials we focus on Augustus and his big innovation: the principate. Students will discover how Augustus anchored this political change. After analyzing texts, coins, buildings and works of art, they will present their findings in an infographic. They will find out that Augustus used all types of media to secure his principate. At the same time they will see that Augustus is careful not to use the wrong anchor.
Wacana Islamofobia dalam Media Malaysia: Obligasi, Isu-isu dan Cabaran
Authors: Kuok Tiung Lee , Meri Aisah , Othman Siti Suriani , Mat Nayan Liana Bt.
Published: October 2021

Abstrak

Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis komitmen dan usaha yang dilakukan oleh media di Malaysia untuk membendung penularan propaganda dan sentimen yang bermotif mengaibkan nama baik Islam dan Muslim di samping usaha-usaha meneutralkan sterotaip rasis tersebut dengan memberikan maklumat yang tepat berkenaan Islam dan Muslim. Hasil dapatan kajian melalui kaedah temubual mendalam dengan pengamal media dari beberapa buah akhbar arus perdana, stesen radio dan televisyen FTA terpilih telah merumuskan dasar dan polisi kerajaanMalaysia pada dasarnya secara tidak langsung sudah menyumbang kepada usaha-usaha mengawal penularan gejala Islamofobia. Komitmen untuk menjelas, mendidik dan memberikan kefahaman yang tepat tentang ajaran Islam dan Muslim sering mendapat tempat menerusi rancangan-rancangan yang diterbitkan terutama melalui saluran media kerajaan. Tidak dinafikan ada berlaku insiden-insiden yang secara mudahnya boleh dimanipulasi untuk mencetuskan persengketaan sesama rakyat Malaysia yang berbilang etnik dan agama, tetapi media di Malaysia sentiasa komited membantu mengawal dan meredakan keadaan. Kebanyakan usaha ini lahir daripada kesedaran tanggungjawab diri pengamal media di Malaysia untuk mengekalkan suasana aman dan harmoni dalam kalangan masyarakat pluralistik Malaysia.

Kata Kunci: islamofobia, pembingkaian, ekonomi politik, rasis, & masyarakat pluralistik.
Analisis Pelaporan Akhbar The Guardian dan The Telegraph Dalam Talian Terhadap Isu Penyalahgunaan Bahan Terlarang (Doping) Dalam Kalangan Atlet
Authors: Abd Hamid Muhammad Azri Syazwan , Mohamad Saleh Mohamad Saifudin
Published: October 2021

Penggunaan bahan terlarang ataupun doping seperti steroid adalah tidak asing lagi dalam kalangan atlet sama ada atlet kategori amatur, semi profesional, mahupun atlet profesional. Isu doping sememangnya telah hangat diperkatakan sejak dahulu lagi kerana isu ini merupakan polemik yang tiada jalan penyelesaiannya. Antara acara sukan yang sering dikaitkan dengan isu doping termasuklah sukan olahraga, angkat berat, badminton, dan renang. Hampir saban tahun, media melaporkan isu doping ini khususnya dengan memberikan tumpuan terhadap kesalahan dan kesan doping ini terhadap atlet dan kerjayanya. Sungguhpun begitu, kajian lepas terhadap isu doping dalam media amatlah terhad. Bagi mengisi kelompongan kajian-kajian lepas, kajian ini telah dijalankan dengan menganalisis kandungan pelaporan isu doping dari tahun 2016 hingga 2019 dalam dua akhbar antarabangsa dalam talian terpilih iaitu The Guardian dan The Telegraph untuk mengkaji tajuk, tema, dan nilai berita dalam pelaporan isu doping dalam kalangan atlet. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa kedua-dua akhbar dalam talian tersebut telah memberikan pelaporan yang tinggi terhadap isu doping dan kebanyakannya ditulis dengan menggunakan tajuk berbentuk hukuman dan memaparkan nilai berita yang bersifat negatif. Dapatan kajian ini diharapkan dapat menyumbang kepada korpus ilmu bidang Komunikasi Sukan yang menjadi rujukan penting bagi penyelidik-penyelidik akan datang dalam bidang ini.
NEW MOMS USE OF MEDIA TECHNOLOGY IN PARENTING
Authors: Cynthia Pui-Shan Lau  , Hamedi Mohd Adnan  , Amira Firdaus
Published: October 2021

Literature review from as early as 2004 till 2020 was analyzed from various databases such as Web of Science (WoS), SAGE Publications, Wiley-Blackwell, Elsevier, and ACM. These literature reviews were within the area of new media and new moms and their transition towards parenthood. Seeing that new moms are navigating ubiquitous territory of parenting coupled with isolation and insufficient face-to-face contact, more urban new moms are utilizing technology to obtain information and support. The researcher created three blocks of searches with keywords ranging from parenting, new media and social media groups to obtain these literatures. Pertinent literature was highlighted in this research. Results from combing the literature indicates that new moms are utilizing various types of technology to obtain information and support ranging from general internet search engines, bulletin boards, blogs and Facebook as these platforms provides the interactivity and ease of use for exchange of information as well as the sense of belonging to a community with shared interest.
HUBUNGAN KELELAHAN DAN TINGKAT STRES MAHASISWA SEMESTER AKHIR FAKULTAS Y UNIVERSITAS X DI BANYUWANGI
Authors: Khoirunisa Arini , Dwiyanti Endang
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTFinal semester students have a heavier study load than early-level student that can make fatigue trigger wich leads to stress. This study aimed to find out strenght relation between fatigue and stress level in the final semester students of Faculty Y University X in Banyuwangi. This study used crosssectional study and respondents were the final semester students of Faculty Y University X in Banyuwangi amounting 41 students. Data were collected through distribution of online questionnaire that fatigue level was measured by Subjective Self Rating questionnaire. While level of stress was measured by the General Health Questionnaire. The relationship strength was obtained with contingency coefficient to determine the strength of the relationship between the two variables with ordinal data category and the total population methode and the result of contingency coefficient value is 0 ,688 wich stated that there was a strong relationship between fatigue and stress levels. Most of the final semester students have moderate stress level that is 70.7%.The conclusion of the study shows there is a strong relationship between fatigue and stress level in final semester students of Faculty Y University X in Banyuwangi. It is hope that final semester students have rest time to avoid fatigue and stress.Keywords: fatigue level, stress level, final semester student

ABSTRAKMahasiswa semester akhir memiliki beban belajar yang lebih berat dibandingkan mahasiswa tingkat awal yang dapat memicu kelelahan dan berujung pada timbulnya stres. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kuat hubungan kelelahan dengan stres pada mahasiswa semester akhir Fakultas Y Univeritas X di Banyuwangi. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi crossectional dengan responden mahasiswa semester akhir Fakultas Y Universitas X di Banyuwangi yang berjumlah 41 mahasiswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui dengan tingkat kelelahan diukur dengan Subjective Self Rating Test. Sedangkan tingkat stres diukur dengan kuesioner General Health Questionnaire. Uji kuat hubungan dilakukan dengan contingency coefficient untuk mengetahui kuat hubungan dari dua variabel dengan kategori data ordinal serta metode total populasi dengan hasil uji diperoleh nilai koefisien kontingensi sebesar 0,688 menyatakan bahwa ada hubungan kuat antara kelelahan dengan tingkat stres. Sebagian besar mahasiswa semester akhir mengalami stres tingkat sedang yakni 70,7%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian menunjukkan hubungan kuat antara kelelahan dan tingkat stres pada mahasiswa semester akhir Fakultas Y Universitas X di Banyuwangi. Diharapkan mahasiswa semester akhir memiliki waktu istirahat agar tidak mengalami kelelahan dan stres.Kata Kunci: tingkat kelelahan, tingkat stres, mahasiswa semester akhir
Çankırı İstiklal Yolu Parkı'nın Görünürlük Grafik Analizi (VGA) ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ŞAHİN KÖRMEÇLİ Pelin
Published: October 2021

Tarihi yansıtan kamusal alanlar, insanların geçmiş ve gelecek arasında bağlantı kurmasını sağlamaktadır. Kentlinin tarihi belleğini şekillendiren, kentin kimliğini oluşturan kamusal alanların görünürlüğü mekân algısı ve kullanımı bakımından önemlidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı kentin tarihi yapılarının çevresinde yer alan park tasarımında görünürlüğü analiz ederek, görünür alanın tasarım kurgusuyla bütünleşme durumunu saptamaktır. Çalışma alanı olarak Çankırı'nın tarihi tren garı binalarını içeren, kent merkezine erişilebilir konumda olan İstiklal Yolu Parkı seçilmiştir. Araştırmada keşif amaçlı arazi çalışmalarından elde edilen verilerle mevcut durum irdelenmiş ve parkın insan görüşü üzerine taramasında alanın sayısal altlığı üzerinde görünürlük grafik analizi (VGA) yapılmıştır. Parktaki görünür alanlar, etki derecesini gösteren bütünleşme değerine göre sınıflandırılmış ve tasarım özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçta parkın bütünleşme değerinin yüksek olduğu alanlarda yer alan tasarımın görünürlüğü destekleyici şekilde kurgulandığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Yapılan çalışma, kamusal alanlarda gelecekte yapılacak olan çalışmalarda görünürlük grafik analizinin kullanılmasına yönelik öneri sunmaktadır.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING MELALUI PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS II DI SD NEGERI 011 TITIAN RESAK
Authors: SUSIYANTI SUSIYANTI
Published: October 2021

Bagaimanakah cara agar peserta didik aktif dalam proses pembelajaran dan berfikir kritis dalam mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran. Model pembelajaran apakah, selain ceramah dan metode penugasan yang bersifat teoritis dan hanya menyalin dari buku teks dalam hal ini hingga terwujud kegiatan pembelajaran yang lebih bermakna. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak tiga siklus. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas II SD Negeri 011 Titian Resak, Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil tes formatif, lembar observasi kegiatan pembelajaran. Dari hasil analis didapatkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sampai siklus III yaitu, siklus I (66,67%), siklus II (76,19%), siklus III (90,48%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah peningkatan hasil belajar siswa terlihat pada proses pembelajaran pada setiap siklus dengan menggunakan metode Discovery Learning melalui pendekatan saintifik.. Diharapkan siswa kelas II SD Negeri 011 Titian Resak dapat memahami materi kalimat ajakan dengan berorientasi pada keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi (higher order thinking skills/ HOTS). Dengan menggunakan model dan pendekatan pembelajaran tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu motivasi peserta didik aktif dalam proses pembelajaran.
SITool (v1.0) – a new evaluation tool for large-scale sea ice simulations: application to CMIP6 OMIP
Authors: Lin Xia , Massonnet François , Fichefet Thierry , Vancoppenolle Martin
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The Sea Ice Evaluation Tool (SITool) described in this
paper is a performance metrics and diagnostics tool developed to evaluate
the skill of Arctic and Antarctic model reconstructions of sea ice
concentration, extent, edge location, drift, thickness, and snow depth. It
is a Python-based software and consists of well-documented functions used to
derive various sea ice metrics and diagnostics. Here, SITool version 1.0
(v1.0) is introduced and documented, and is then used to evaluate the
performance of global sea ice reconstructions from nine models that provided
sea ice output under the experimental protocols of the Coupled Model
Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) Ocean Model Intercomparison Project with
two different atmospheric forcing datasets: the Coordinated Ocean-ice
Reference Experiments version 2 (CORE-II) and the updated Japanese 55-year
atmospheric reanalysis (JRA55-do). Two sets of observational references for
the sea ice concentration, thickness, snow depth, and ice drift are
systematically used to reflect the impact of observational uncertainty on
model performance. Based on available model outputs and observational
references, the ice concentration, extent, and edge location during
1980–2007, as well as the ice thickness, snow depth, and ice drift during
2003–2007 are evaluated. In general, model biases are larger than
observational uncertainties, and model performance is primarily consistent
compared to different observational references. By changing the atmospheric
forcing from CORE-II to JRA55-do reanalysis data, the overall performance
(mean state, interannual variability, and trend) of the simulated sea ice
areal properties in both hemispheres, as well as the mean ice thickness
simulation in the Antarctic, the mean snow depth, and ice drift simulations
in both hemispheres are improved. The simulated sea ice areal properties are
also improved in the model with higher spatial resolution. For the
cross-metric analysis, there is no link between the performance in one
variable and the performance in another. SITool is an open-access
version-controlled software that can run on a wide range of CMIP6-compliant
sea ice outputs. The current version of SITool (v1.0) is primarily developed
to evaluate atmosphere-forced simulations and it could be eventually
extended to fully coupled models.
Benchmarking data-driven rainfall–runoff models in Great Britain: a comparison of long short-term memory (LSTM)-based models with four lumped conceptual models
Authors: Lees Thomas , Buechel Marcus , Anderson Bailey , Slater Louise , Reece Steven , Coxon Gemma , Dadson Simon J.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Long short-term memory (LSTM) models are recurrent neural networks from the field of deep learning (DL) which have shown promise for time series modelling, especially in conditions when data are abundant. Previous studies have demonstrated the applicability of LSTM-based models for rainfall–runoff modelling; however, LSTMs have not been tested on catchments in Great Britain (GB). Moreover, opportunities exist to use spatial and seasonal patterns in model performances to improve our understanding of hydrological processes and to examine the advantages and disadvantages of LSTM-based models for hydrological simulation. By training two LSTM architectures across a large sample of 669 catchments in GB, we demonstrate that the LSTM and the Entity Aware LSTM (EA LSTM) models simulate discharge with median Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) scores of 0.88 and 0.86 respectively. We find that the LSTM-based models outperform a suite of benchmark conceptual models, suggesting an opportunity to use additional data to refine conceptual models. In summary, the LSTM-based models show the largest performance improvements in the north-east of Scotland and in south-east of England. The south-east of England remained difficult to model, however, in part due to the inability of the LSTMs configured in this study to learn groundwater processes, human abstractions and complex percolation properties from the hydro-meteorological variables typically employed for hydrological modelling.
LA MEJOR MANERA DE GENERAR UN IMPACTO POSITIVO EN EL MUNDO ES CON UNA BUENA EDUCACIÓN
Authors: Restrepo Lina Maria
Published: October 2021

El ejercicio docente debe estar precedido de una constante retroalimentación y aprendizaje continuo; es necesario tener la misma disposición que los estudiantes para aprender y crecer, tal y como son muchos de los jóvenes a los que se les imparte clase, o más aun con el mismo deseo de investigar y experimentar como lo muestran los niños en su actuar diario
واقع استخدام المنظمات غير الحكومية لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي خلال الأزمات (أزمة كورونا في دولة قطر نموذجًا)
Authors:   ماجستير في الإدارة العامة، مسار المنظمات غير الحكومية، كلية الإدارة العامة واقتصاديات التنمية، معهد الدوحة للدراسات العليا، دولة قطر, الصفار نوف
Published: October 2021

أصبحت وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي ضرورية للمنظمات غير الحكومية في دولة قطر خاصة في وقت الأزمات والتي ترغب في تقديم مستوى عالي من الخدمات؛ حيث أثبتت المنظمات غير الحكومية دورها الفعّال في استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في الاستمرار في تقديم خدماتها خاصة خلال أزمة كورونا وهذا ما لمسناه من تنوع الخدمات التي تم تقديمها عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي من خلال المنظمات غير الحكومية سواء كانت في المجال التعليمي، المجال الرياضي، المجال الخيري، المجال التوعوي، والمجال الصحي. واجهت هذه المنظمات العديد من التحديات خلال أزمة كورونا منها كيفية التواصل وتقديم الخدمات للجمهور، وهنا برز دور وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في تقديم الخدمة، وعليه تهدف هذه الدراسة على إلى التعرف على واقع استخدام المنظمات لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي خلال الأزمات (أزمة كورونا)، وذلك من خلال معرفة أهمية المنظمات غير الحكومية وواقعها في دولة قطر، هذا بالإضافة إلى بيان دور المنظمات غير الحكومية وحجم أزمة كورونا في قطر. تم استخدام المقابلات والاستبيان كأداة رئيسة لجمع البيانات الأولية الخاصة بهذه الدراسة، إضافة للأدبيات السابقة، والمواقع الخاصة بالمنظمات غير الحكومية في دولة قطر، ومواقع الشبكة العنكبوتية المتنوعة كوسيلة لجمع البيانات الثانوية. قامت الباحثة بإجراء المقابلات مع عدد من الموظفين من مختلف المنظمات غير الحكومية في دولة قطر وفي قطاعات متنوعة، هذا بالإضافة الى الاستبيان الذي تم توزيعه على أفراد المجتمع القطري عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي، كما تم استخدام المنهج الكيفي في تحليل البيانات. وخلصت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج كان من أهمها: تنوع نطاق عمل المنظمات غير الحكومية في قطر في مجالات عديدة. استخدام المنظمات غير الحكومية الطرق البديلة لتقديم خدماتها وأهمها وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي. توضيح دور وأهمية وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في المنظمات غير الحكومية في البيئة الداخلية والبيئة الخارجية. بيان مدى أهمية وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي التي تساعد على تحقيق التواصل المستمر بين الأفراد أثناء الأزمات. متابعة سير العمل ومساعده الفئات المحتاجة. سهولة الوصول إلى تطبيقات التوصل الاجتماعي لتوفرها في أغلب الأجهزة الذكية. معرفة أكثر برامج التواصل الاجتماعي استخداما خلال أزمة كورونا في المنظمات غير الحكومية لتقديم الخدمات. تعاون الأفراد في المنظمات غير الحكومية في مختلف المستويات الإدارية خلال الأزمات. ومن أهم توصيات الدراسة العمل على إنشاء إدارة تُعنى بالتعامل مع الأزمات في المنظمات غير الحكومية. وضع الخطط والأهداف مسبقا في حال حدوث أي أزمة. ضرورة الاهتمام بجانب التطوير والتدريب للعاملين في المنظمات غير الحكومية وكيفية استخدام التكنولوجيا الحديثة. العمل على إنشاء مراكز تدريبية لمختلف الفئات في المجتمع. ضرورة العمل والتركيز على الجانب التوعوي لعمل المنظمات غير الحكومية عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي. التركيز على التحول الرقمي في المنظمات غير الحكومية. العمل على إنشاء تطبيق إلكتروني خاص بالمنظمات غير حكومية في دولة قطر باعتبارها دليل للمنظمات الأخرى ولأفراد المجتمع والباحثين. وضع خطة إستراتيجيه شاملة وفعالة بين المنظمات غير الحكومية المتشابهة في مجال العمل وتقديم الخدمات.