bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Комп’ютерна безпека інформаційних та керуючих систем АЕС
Authors: Klevtsov A. , Yastrebenetsky M. , Trubchaninov S.
Published: December 2021

Стаття присвячена вивченню нормативної бази у сфері комп’ютерної безпеки інформаційних та керуючих систем (ІКС) АЕС. Наведено стислий огляд серії публікацій МАГАТЕ з фізичної ядерної безпеки. Розглянуто ключове довідкове керівництво з цієї серії  та проект нового керівництва з питань комп’ютерної безпеки ІКС ядерних установок. Викладено вимоги щодо інформаційної та комп’ютерної безпеки ІКС АЕС стандартів Міжнародної електротехнічної комісії, зокрема стандарта, що регламентує вимоги до програми комп’ютерної безпеки ІКС АЕС. Надано аналіз регулюючого керівництва Комісії ядерного регулювання США, що містить вимоги до програми комп’ютерної безпеки ядерних установок. Піднято проблемні питання нормативного регулювання в цій сфері та позначено завдання розвитку нормативної бази з комп’ютерної безпеки ядерних установок в Україні.
PROBLEMATICS OF LITERATION LEARNING ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN THE NEW NORMAL ERA
Authors: Abidin Zaenal , Herman Tatang , Widyasari Choiriyah , Ismiyasari Fatimah Nur
Published: December 2021

This study aims to describe literacy learning problems for elementary school students in the new normal era. This type of research is qualitative research. The research design was a case study at MI Muhammadiyah Kartasura. The subjects of this study were teachers, students, and parents of upper-class students. Data collection techniques with observation, interviews, and documentation. The research data validation was carried out by data triangulation, and analysis technique was carried out using qualitative analysis techniques. The data analysis model uses interactive analysis. The results showed that literacy learning in elementary schools has many problems. It was the difficulty of implementing student literacy habits when studying at home, the low reading interest of students, lack of references owned by teachers, and teachers' mastery in the use of technology. Other problems have come from external, unattractive reading, difficulty accessing reading material, internet signal, and some parents do not have time to assist children in a task. The conclusion of this study is to solve the problem of literacy learning for elementary school students. It requires collaboration between teachers, students, and parents of students and digital literacy that is more creative and innovative to motivate students to read so that they remain productive even though learning from home in the new normal era.
DEVELOPING DIGITAL - BASED COMIC MEDIA IN TEACHING MATHEMATICS FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Afandi Muhamad , Kusumadewi Rida Fironika , Lestari Ridha Dwi
Published: December 2021

This research aims to develop digital-based comic media on addition and subtraction materials of mathematics for elementary school students at grade II. This research was motivated by a lack of knowledge of students on addition and subtraction materials. The novelty of this media is in the form of files without using sheets of paper. This study used ADDIE model (Anlysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). Based on the five stages of development of comic media resulted from the feasibility of 90% while the practicality of teachers obtained a percentage of 90% and practicality of students obtained a percentage of 93%. The use of products gets a percentage of 86% with the category "excellent". This study has an implication that that the use of learning media makes students more actively involved in the learning process especially those in elementary schools. Therefore, teachers are supposed to maintain their creativity in teaching.
DEVELOPMENT OF BLENDED LEARNING-BASED PPKn TEACHING MATERIALS TO IMPROVE PGMI STUDENTS' LEARNING OUTCOMES IAIN PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Lubis Maulana Arafat
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of PPKn teaching materials based on Blended Learning (BL). This study uses the RnD (Research and Development) method with the ADDIE development model. The population of this study was the fourth-semester students of the PGMI IAIN Padangsidimpuan Study Program. The sampling technique used in this study is purposive sampling, so the sample is 35 students. Data collection techniques using Google Form-assisted questionnaires, Kahoot-assisted learning outcomes tests, interviews, observations, and documentation. Analysis of research data using descriptive statistics assisted by STATCAL and EAVIS software. The research results show that PPKn-based teaching material design is excellent and has a good level of validation based on expert judgment. The level of effectiveness is also excellent, seen from student learning outcomes with the average value of PPKn MI/SD Low-Class courses on the pre-test is 64.7143; post-test I (meeting I) was 74.5714; post-test II (meeting I) was 79.5714; post-test II (meeting I) was 83; post-test II (meeting II) was 88.
Historia de las Luchas por la Justicia Ambiental en las Zonas de Sacrificio en Chile
Authors: Bolados Garcia Paola , Morales Urbina Valeska , Barraza López Stephanie
Published: December 2021

En este artículo analizamos la historia ambiental de tres bahías costeras denominadas como zonas de sacrificio en Chile. Desde sus historias marcadas por las desigualdades socioambientales y la lucha por justicia ambiental, observamos el proceso de conflictividad social y ambiental incorporando los aportes de la historia ambiental, la ecología política de los extractivismos y la geografía crítica, dando cuenta de las estrategias comunitarias y organizativas que buscan recuperar social y ambientalmente estos territorios degradados. Concluimos, que en este proceso el concepto de justicia ambiental adquiere lecturas menos jurídicas y más socio ambientales a través experiencias colectivas que toman como centro la recuperación de los ecosistemas desde la participación comunitaria y la memoria.
Impact of Automated Vehicles Using Eco-Cruise Control on the Traffic Flow
Authors: Németh Balázs , Gáspár Péter , Bede Zsuzsanna
Published: December 2021

The paper provides a detailed analysis of the impact of automated vehicles using eco-cruise control system on the traffic flow. The speed profiles of vehicles using eco-cruise control system generally differ from those of conventional human-driven vehicles. The characteristics of the traffic flow on macroscopic traffic level combine both automated and human-driven vehicles. In the simulation-based analysis the effects of traffic volume and the ratio of the automated vehicles are in the focus. Based on the results the analysis an extension of the eco-cruise control is also proposed, in which the balance between the traffic flow and transport efficiency is achieved.
Pracownie badań nad lokalnymi problemami społecznymi
Authors: Ziębińska Beata
Published: December 2021

W artykule ukazano koncepcję planowania strategicznego zaadaptowaną do realiów pomocy społecznej i starano się dowieść, że koncepcja ta znacząco wpływa na rozwój badań nad lokalnymi problemami społecznymi, jakie prowadzi się w jednostkach organizacyjnych pomocy społecznej. Ta coraz bardziej znacząca aktywność, dotycząca głównie diagnozowania i prognozowania, wpływa zarówno na wyodrębnianie się nowych zadań pomocy społecznej, a w konsekwencji nowych elementów jej struktur organizacyjnych, które nazwano w tytule artykułu lokalnymi pracowniami badań nad polityką społeczną, jak i na potrzebę przekazywania tych zadań specjalistom polityki społecznej.
FACTORS UNDERLYING ADAPTATION OF LOANWORDS INTO SYSTEM OF LANGUAGE
Authors:   O. O. Potebnya Institute of Linguistics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, ZYMOVETS H. V.
Published: December 2021

The article elaborates on ways of English loanwords integration into Ukrainian, with comparison to the situation in German and Serbian. The subject matter of research includes processes of adaptation in phonetics and grammar of the above-mentioned languages. The main intralinguistic factor that influences adaptation process is disparity of phonetic and grammar level configuration of languages in contacts. English has an affluent system of vowels that causes necessity of simplification of a phonetic form of English borrowings in other languages. The major factor of phonetic adaptation is an existing tradition of conveying sounds in loanwords in a certain way. However, nowadays transcription also plays a significant role in phonetic adaptation, i.e. integration of loanwords is based on their pronunciation rather than spelling. Uncertainty of patterns for conveying sounds of foreign languages in loanwords leads to variability of phonetic form of English loanwords at the initial stage of their functioning in the recipient language. Grammar adaptation involves adjusting of loanwords to the recipient language. Its course depends on morphological type of language and affinity. The research has revealed main patterns how English loanwords obtain the category of gender, which is absent in English. These patterns are based on both formal and semantic factors. Moreover, the author considers the ways of pluralia tantum nouns integration into the system of the recipient language. The analysis has shown that there is a typological difference between borrowing process on the one hand in Slavic languages and on the other hand in German, i.e. Slavic languages, unlike German, have obligatory derivational stage for verbs and adjective adaptation, which makes process of borrowing more complicated in Slavic languages.
THEORETICAL ISSUES OF STUDYING CONCEPTUAL CODES AND THE PROCESSES OF THEIR INTERACTION (a case study of the example of the flower code of the polish language and culture)
Authors:   National University of Kyiv Mohyla Academy, NEPOP-AIDACHYCH L.V.
Published: December 2021

The author analyzes the state of study of the flower conceptual code of the Polish language and culture, methods and approaches to the study of the components of the conceptual codes used in modern ethnolinguistics. The article proposes ways to expand and enrich information about the floral conceptual code of the Polish language and culture. With this aim it is necessary to take into account the data of questionnaires, onomastic sources, as well to identify cases of interaction of conceptual codes. The cases of interaction of conceptual codes are divided into two types: those in which the flower code performs a sending function, and those in which it performs a receiving function. Analysis of language data revealed that the floral conceptual code performed the sending function less often than the receiving one. Interaction in both directions is inherent in floral and anthropological, sacred, vital, temporal, locative, medical, zoological, coloristic, attributive, code of applied culture, code of emotions and feelings. The flower conceptual code acts as a donor only in relations with codes of art and science. Floral conceptual code has the receiving function only in interaction with the quantitative, numerical, action, astronomical, plant codes and code of inanimate nature. The flower conceptual code acts exclusively as the recipient in the interaction with several codes at the same time. Donors in this case can be anthropological and coloristic, numerical and temporal, numerical and coloristic, code of applied culture and sacred, zoological and code of plants, temporal and code of action, code of inanimate nature and of action, temporal and astronomical. The interaction of floral and coloristic conceptual codes represents a special type, which can be described as mutual penetration. In addition, anthropological and floral conceptual codes show parallelism in certain fragments in their subordination to the vital code.
PERANGKAT LUNAK PENCATATAN PAJAK PADA BAGIAN AKUNTANSI (STUDI KASUS : PT STILUS UTAMA MATERIALS BANDUNG)
Authors: Purwanto Heri , Cory Sakti Triwangsa Mochamad , Gustiana Widiarestuwati Chika
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang perangkat lunak yang akan digunakan pada bagian akuntansi dengan fungsi untuk mendata transaksi klien sesuai proses bisnis berjalan yang telah ada dengan tujuan dapat memberikan informasi tentang piutang client secara tepat dan akurat serta  dapat menghindari penumpukan dokumen-dokumen piutang client, meminimalisir kehilangan data client, metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dan data yang diperlukan untuk merancang perangkat lunak didapat dari hasil wawancara dan observasi, pendekatan yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan hasil yaitu dengan mengembangkan aplikasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode prototype yang menghasilkan perangkat lunak berbasis web menggunakan framework laravel dengan hasil penelitian disajikan dalam bentuk prototype berupa aplikasi web menggunakan framework laravel disertakan dengan pedoman pembuatan aplikasi seperti Usecase, diagram aktivitas, diagram kelas,  perancangan database, mockup user interface, serta hasil jadi aplikasi. Aplikasi telah diuji cobakan pada komputer dengan spesifikasi yang telah ditentukan dan telah dilakukan pengujian black box yang pengujian dilakukan beberapa fungsi yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya hasil dari pengujian black box. menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi berjalan seperti yang dirancang dan dapat menggantikan proses bisnis berjalan perusahaan PT. Stilus Utama Materials Bandung serta dapat meminimalisir kehilangan data client sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. untuk penelitian selanjutnya program akan dibuat dalam platform lain seperti node js atau mobile dan bisa dilakukan perbandingan performance dengan laravel pada platform node js atau dalam versi mobile.
PENETAPAN DURASI CRASH DENGAN METODE LINEAR PROGRAM UNTUK PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN BOX CULVERT NO 409 PADA JALUR KA DI DAOP 3 CIREBON
Authors: Arisikam Dicky , Purwadinata Awan Hermawan , Ash Shiddiq Raden Herdian Bayu
Published: December 2021

Tujuan utama dari suatu proyek ialah menyelesaikan proyek tersebut sesuai dengan durasi dan biayanya. Durasi penyelesaian proyek tersebut disebut sebagai jalur kritis yang dipengaruhi oleh volume pekerjaan dan produktivitasnya.

Durasi normal proyek merupakan waktu yang diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan kegiatan dengan sumber daya yang ada (tanpa input tambahan), sedangkan normal cost merupakan biaya yang diperlukan untuk durasi normal. Data durasi normal dan normal cost umumnya diperoleh dari statistik terhadap proyek-proyek serupa yang pernah dilaksanakan. Karena adanya tujuan tertentu, durasi tersebut memungkinkan untuk dipercepat dengan input tambahan, ini disebut sebagai crash program.

Pada Proyek KA terdapat aturan bahwa pelaksanaan konstruksi tidak boleh mengganggu operasional KA apalagi sampai memberhentikan atau menutup jalur KA, sehingga Pembangunan Box Culvert No 409 harus dilaksanakan secepat mungkin. Berdasarkan statistik proyek sebelumnya, maka proyek ini direncanakan selesai dalam 92 hari kalender, namun dapat dipercepat menjadi 92 hari kalender
PENGARUH PERUBAHAN DIMENSI TERHADAP NILAI ISOLASI PADA BRANCH LINE COUPLER
Authors: Barnadi Yudi
Published: December 2021

Luasnya perairan nasional menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi pemerintah dalam upaya pengamanan wilayah laut dari tindakan pelanggaran hukum. Indonesia perlu mengawasi betul-betul wilayah yang paling rawan agar sumber daya ikan nasional bisa dinikmati oleh masyarakat. Caranya, pangkalan bagi kapal-kapal pengawas (KKP, Bakamla, TNI AL) perlu dibangun di wilayah tersebut. Salah satu upaya yang perlu dilakukan yaitu peningkatan pengawasan secara ketat pemerintah dengan cara meningkatkan keamanan sekaligus menyusun aturan yang tepat agar bisa mencegah terjadinya  pelanggaran hukum.  kemampuan TNI AL dan Polri untuk menjaga seluruh wilayah laut, maka mereka harus menggunakan radar pengawas pantai. Radar pulsa ini  mempunyai gelombang elektromagnetik yang  diputus secara berirama, dan hanya memiliki satu antena yang digunakan untuk mengirim dan menerima sinyal. Untuk mengirim dan menerima sinyal, radar ini membutuhkan pemisah yang disebut duplekser. Duplekser berfungsi untuk mengisolasi sinyal yang ditransmisikan dan sinyal yang diterima dan komponen utama dari duplexer adalah Branch-Line Hybrid Coupler. Coupler memiliki parameter yang menunjukkan kinerja seperti: Return Loss, Power Coupling, Insertion Loss dan nilai isolasi. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh perubahan dimensi terhadap nilai isolasi pada Branch line coupler. Isolasi sangat penting karena mempengaruhi kinerja duplekser. Nilai yang lebih kecil semakin baik kinerja  duplekser tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memodifikasi panjang dan lebar saluran impedansi Coupler. Branch-Line Coupler dirancang dalam bentuk mikrostrip dan difabrikasi menggunakan substrat FR-4 yang memiliki konstanta dielektrik 4,6, tebal 1,3 mm, dan frekuensi operasi 3 GHz. Untuk mendapatkan nilai optimasi karakteristik isolasi, kanal impedansi harus dimodifikasi, yaitu panjang dan lebar seri lengan (Z0 = 50 ), panjang dan lebar seri lengan (Z0 = 35,35 ), dan panjang dan lebar lengan shunt (Z0 = 50 ). Hasil optimasi isolasi didapatkan -67.786 dB.
IMPLEMENTASI CONTIONOUS INTEGRATION DAN CONTINOUS DEPLOYMENT PADA APLIKASI LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DI PT. MILLENNIA SOLUSI INFORMATIKA
Authors: Wahyu Ari Purno , Guna Noviantama Indra
Published: December 2021

Aplikasi Learning Management System atau LMS merupakan produk aplikasi yang dikembangkan oleh PT. Millennia Solusi Informatika. Aplikasi LMS ini telah digunakan oleh salah satu jaringan sekolah swasta. Dalam pengembangannya, aplikasi ini menggunakan metode scrum dimana pendekatan metode ini bersifat agile dan dapat menyesuaikan kebutuhan dengan cepat. Berangkat dari hal tersebut maka dalam proses delivery perangkat lunak ini maka perlu menggunakan konsep continuous integration dan continuous deployment guna memenuhi alur pengembangan yang bersifat agile dan dapat berulang.

Continous Integration (CI) adalah pengintegrasian kode ke dalam repositori kode kemudian menjalankan penggunaan secara otomatis, cepat dan sering. Sementara Continuous Deployment atau Continuous Delivery (CD) adalah praktik yang dilakukan setelah proses CI selesai dan seluruh kode berhasil terintegrasi, sehingga aplikasi bisa dibangun dan dirilis secara otomatis.

Dengan menggunakan metode CI/CD diharapkan dalam proses penyampaian aplikasi dapat terus berlangsung otomatis, cepat dan sering walaupun aplikasi tersebut sudah digunakan oleh pengguna.
Assessing the Operational Performance and Stakeholders’ Perceptions on the Management of Three Irrigation Projects in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: SHANONO Nura Jafar
Published: December 2021

A study was conducted to assess the level of operational performance and stakeholders’ participation in, and perceptions on, the management of three major irrigation projects in Kano State, Nigeria (Kano River Irrigation Project KRIP, Watari Irrigation Project WIP and Tomas Irrigation Project TIP). The study uses questionnaire, site visit and focus group discussions during the 2019/2020 irrigation season to generate crucial information related to the hydraulic infrastructures and operational performances. The study identified some problems related to operational performance affecting the three irrigation projects including illegal water use, faulty water conveyance infrastructures and conflict among water users and between water users and managers. Moreover, the study observed that a continuous flow water allocation method is being used in all three irrigation projects, leading to poor water allocation performance. Based on this, the study recommends a rotation water allocation method. About 50% of the total water users from KRIP, WIP and TIP do not participate in the maintenance of the irrigation infrastructures. The study revealed that the majority of the farmers have no confidence in water managers’ competence whereas water managers accused irrigators to lack enthusiasm and provided evidence of unlawful water usage as about 12, 8 and 39% of the irrigators from KRIP, WIP and TIP admitted to having been lifting water using pumps which have been considered as illegal since their farms were initially considered non-irrigable. Some of the underlying issues that led to these problems include lack of sensitization and awareness campaigns, seminars and workshops to facilitate farmers’ involvement in the maintenance of irrigation infrastructures. This can be achieved through sensitization and awareness campaigns to enlighten farmers on resolving conflicts, efficient use of limited water, and facilitating water users’ participation in irrigation management activities such as agency-farmer joint management. If such dialogue programs do not bring an end to these problems, other law enforcement measures such as legal actions need to be deployed. It is, therefore, recommended that the existing irrigation project management strategies need to be changed with new ones that encourage sensitization campaigns, law enforcement and participation. Also, in-depth coupled human-water interaction studies (socio-hydrology) need to be conducted to gain insights and propose solutions that could lead to sustainable irrigation system management and operation.
Economics of Criminal Proceedings in View of Procedural Principles
Authors: Szumiło-Kulczycka Dobrosława
Published: December 2021

This article was written as part of the Costs of a Criminal Trial in View of an Economic Analysis of Law research project. Part one contains deliberations on the impact of economic factors on the regulations concerning the criminal procedure. One needs to answer the question of whether such factors should be considered as affecting the principles on the basis of which the model of the criminal trial is being developed and whether there are any solutions that have been introduced specifically because of the profit and loss account related to the prosecution of a perpetrator. Part two focuses on the fundamental results and the conclusions of empirical studies carried out with respect to the expenses incurred by the State Treasury in criminal proceedings, considering the expenses incurred in serious cases, i.e., those examined in the first instance by regional courts, and in minor cases, which in the first instance are handled by district courts.

Results and Conclusions: The article points out three fundamental factors determining the amount of the expenses, i.e., the fact of the accused being imprisoned during the proceedings, the use of scientific evidence (opinions produced by expert witnesses), and the participation of a public defender remunerated by the State Treasury.
Adherence Improvement in Glaucoma Patients: Effects of Educational Intervention Using an Eye Drop Chart
Authors: Choi Woo Seok , Kim Jong Heon , Lee Chang Hoon , Lee Chong Eun , Seo Sam
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of an educational intervention using an eye drop chart and supplementary education on glaucoma patients’ adherence.Methods: In this multicenter prospective study, medically treated glaucoma patients were educated on the administration of eye drops using an eye drop chart. At the time of recruitment, all of the patients completed a questionnaire on demographic characteristics and adherence. Three months after the initial educational intervention, the patients were randomly divided into two groups: an education group and a control group. The education group received supplementary education. Immediately thereafter and at 6 months, all of the patients completed the questionnaire on adherence again. Changes in instillation behavior, the relationship between the adherence score and demographic characteristics, and factors contributing to an improvement in adherence and intraocular pressure were then analyzed.Results: The adherence scores were significantly higher in patients with fewer medications, a higher annual income and higher educational level, and an urban residence (p = 0.038, p = 0.033, p = 0.041 and p = 0.047, respectively). Education on the administration of eye drops and use of the eye drop chart improved adherence scores from 23.05 ± 3.52 to 21.30 ± 3.95 (p = 0.021) and significantly reduced the average intraocular pressure from 14.3 ± 2.9 to 12.4 ± 3.1 mmHg (p < 0.001). Working indoors (odds ratio [OR] = 5.47, p = 0.032) and supplementary education at 3 months (OR = 4.53, p = 0.030) were also correlated with improved adherence.Conclusions: An eye drop chart is an effective tool for improving adherence and intraocular pressure control in glaucoma patients. Improvement in adherence was especially notable in patients whose work predominantly involved indoor activity. The effectiveness of the eye drop chart was improved by supplementary education.
Food fall-specific scavenging response to experimental medium-sized carcasses in the deep sea
Authors: Scheer SL , Sweetman AK , Piatkowski U , Rohlfer EK , Hoving HJT
Published: December 2021

In the deep sea, benthic communities largely depend on organic material from the overlying water column for food. The remains of organisms on the seafloor (food falls) create areas of organic enrichment that attract scavengers. The scavenging rates and communities of food falls of medium-sized squid, fish and jellyfish (1-100 cm) are poorly known. To test our hypothesis that scavenging responses are specific for different food falls, we deployed camera landers baited with squid, jellyfish and fish for 9 to 25 h at 1360 to 1440 m in the southern Norwegian Sea. Image analysis of 8 deployments showed rapid food fall consumption (20.3 ± 1.4 [SD] to 31.6 ± 3.7 g h-1) by an amphipod-dominated scavenging community that was significantly different between the food fall types. Fish and squid carcasses were mostly attended by amphipods of the genus Eurythenes. Smaller unidentified amphipods dominated the jellyfish experiments together with brittle stars (cf. Ophiocten gracilis) and decapod shrimps (cf. Bythocaris spp.); the latter only occurred on jellyfish carcasses. The removal time for jellyfish (~17 h) was almost twice as long as that for squid and fish (9-10 h). The maximum scavenger abundance was significantly higher on fish carcasses than on jellyfish and squid. The times at which abundances peaked were similar for jellyfish and fish (after 8-9 h) but significantly sooner for squid (3.00 ± 0.35 h). Our results, although based on a small number of experiments, demonstrate differences in scavenging responses between food fall species, suggesting tight coupling between the diversity and ecology of benthic scavenging communities in the Norwegian Sea.
Attitude of Students to Distance Education
Authors: Atakova A. , Storchak T.
Published: December 2021

The article lists various difficulties and problems of the transition to a distance learning format. A sociological study was carried out among full-time students at Nizhnevartovsk State University and identified the main problems that students face during the forced transition to distance learning during the period of self-isolation. Most often, students had problems due to lack of communication with friends, problems with technology and the Internet, difficulties in learning at home.
Creation of a Program for Finding an Approximating Function of the Obtained Experimental Results by the Method of Least Squares
Authors: Kadyrkulova N. , Zhulev V.
Published: December 2021

When solving engineering and economic problems, it is often necessary to obtain mathematical relationships between various parameters characteristic of a given problem. As a rule, all physical experiments are reduced to measuring the dependence of a certain quantity u on one or several other quantities z1, z2,…, zn. The main task of using the least squares method as an approximation method from the point of view of approximate recovery of a function from its known values at a number of points is the selection of empirical formulas that allow an analytical presentation of the obtained experimental measurement data. This article discusses the problems of obtaining data and approximating a function by the least squares method using OOP.
The Historical Development Stages of the Tashkent Oasis
Authors: Ibragimov R.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the development of ancient cultural processes of the Tashkent oasis on the basis of data collected as a result of archaeological research of monuments. The scientific views of researchers on the history of the oasis are critically examined and enriched with new scientific ideas and conclusions based on their comparative analysis.
The Use of Imitatives as Parts of Speech
Authors: Akmatova D. , Abdykadyrova S.
Published: December 2021

In Kyrgyz linguistics, the problem of morphological identification of certain groups of words, including imitative words, remains relevant. This article talks about some cases of the use of imitators as parts of speech. The relevance of the research topic lies in the importance of a holistic description of imitative words in the comparative grammar of the Turkic languages, in determining their general lexical and grammatical properties on the materials of the Kyrgyz language and in comparative analysis with equivalents in Russian. Linguists of various languages have devoted their works to the study of imitatives, since this, an unusual group of words is of interest to many. They do not bend or conjugate, therefore they are referred to as unchangeable words. The purpose of this work is to consider imitative words as a separate part of speech, since they have a special phonetic form and morphological structure, integral semantic meaning, are actively used in the formation of new words, and act as members of a sentence. It is customary to attribute imitative words to interjections, but the article discusses the allocation of imitative words in Russian as a separate part of speech by some linguists. In addition, in the grammars of the Turkic languages, imitative words are very numerous, and the linguists-Turkologists concluded that it is possible to single them out as a special part of speech. Also, examples of imitative words from works of Kyrgyz literature are given and described, showing their inconsistency in the composition of interjections. Imitative words act as members of a sentence, serve as a derivative basis for the formation of new words.
Electronic Press Role in Mass Media
Authors: Mamyrova M.
Published: December 2021

Research relevance: the article examines the features of the role of the electronic press in the mass media. Research objectives: analysis of definitions and types of various newspapers in Kyrgyzstan, the role of the electronic press in the media. Materials and research methods: the article is based on historical facts and decrees about the mass media in Kyrgyzstan. Research results: in the Kyrgyz Encyclopedia of Journalism (published in 2017), information is limited to national newspapers. Conclusions: regional newspapers occupy the most important place in the history of printing in the southern region.
Using ZOOM in Teaching English Grammar
Authors: Surkeeva D. , Azizova F.
Published: December 2021

The author describes teaching the English language to students using the latest information technologies (ZOOM platform) when teaching grammar. The article foregrounds the advantages of distance teaching the English language especially grammar structures with the help of the latest information technologies (ZOOM platform). The author examines the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning of the language in the framework of the original teaching experience at school and also shares the experience of organizing distance learning of the English language in the context of the pandemic. The purpose of teaching a foreign language is to develop a basic ability to communicate with simple words and texts about everyday life as well as to raise the interest of students in Grammar activities and provide them with the opportunity to understand the culture of the country under study.
The Methods to Reveal the Psyche of the Hero in a Monologue
Authors: Tursunova F.
Published: December 2021

The article describes the inner anguish of the heroes who suffered from the problems of the time in Abdulla Kodiriy’s comics with the help of monologue speech. In it, the writer’s skill in using folklore traditions in revealing the heroic psyche is revealed through the analysis of examples.
Structural Diagrams and Semantic Models of Sentences of the Russian Language
Authors: Abdygazieva N.
Published: December 2021

This article discusses the typology of structural schemes and semantic models of Russian sentences. The syntactic analysis of sentences in the semantic aspect makes it possible to increase attention to the relationship between language and reality. Theoretical materials on the problem under study are analyzed in detail.
Syntactic Structure of Proverbs in the Kyrgyz and Other Languages of the Altai Family
Authors: Urusova G.
Published: December 2021

This scientific article examines the research and classification of complex sentences in the Kyrgyz and other languages of the Altai family. Different views of scientists are given when determining the types of complex sentences. When disassembling, syntactic differences and similarities of complex sentences are determined. The analysis identifies their syntactic similarities and differences. The Kyrgyz proverb can be used in works of art, colloquial style, journalistic art genres. And it is considered in close connection with their syntactic peculiarity, which often follows directly from this. There is not a single sphere of people’s life that is not reflected in proverbs and sayings. It sets out not only the totality of the everyday and social life experience of the people, but also its traditions, experiences, psychology, views on good, evil, nature and its phenomena. But such a rich and deep meaning is achieved through short and artistic syntactic constructs. Therefore, the thought expressed in it is very expressive and sharp, figurative. In proverbs and sayings, we see not only the best examples of folk wisdom, but also the richness of the folk language, the power of the word. This scientific article deals with the research and classification of complex sentences in the Kyrgyz and other languages of the Altai family. The use of complex sentences in Kyrgyz proverbs about animal husbandry. As well as their historical kinship and syntactic differences between the Kyrgyz and other languages of the Altai family. Different views of scientists are given in determining the types of complex sentences. When disassembling is determined by the syntactic differences and similarities of complex sentences.
TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS E A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Duarte Fernanda Gabriela Ferracini Silveira , Scherer Suely
Published: December 2021

Este artigo discute alguns dados de uma pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida com o objetivo de analisar conhecimentos mobilizados e construídos sobre o ensino de operações de multiplicação e divisão de números naturais, por professores dos anos iniciais, em uma ação de formação para/com o uso de tecnologias digitais. Como metodologia foram utilizados casos de ensino e o applet Base Ten Blocks. A análise foi baseada em estudos realizados por Mishra e Koehler sobre Conhecimento Tecnológico Pedagógico de Conteúdo (CTPC) e estudos sobre integração de tecnologias digitais ao currículo, realizados por Sanchez. Foi possível identificar indícios de (re)construção de conhecimentos por algumas professoras em relação as operações de multiplicação e divisão, com o uso do applet e movimentos iniciais de integração de tecnologias digitais na prática pedagógica dessas professoras.
PEDALANDO PARA A ESCOLA COMO UMA ALTERNATIVA EQUILIBRADA DE TRANSPORTE: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: De Lima Mariza Antunes , Gasparotto Guilherme da Silva , Martins Clóvis Jacob
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre os estudos que apresentam o uso da bicicleta como meio de transporte ativo de crianças e adolescentes para a escola e, também o de compreender como a bicicleta impacta no meio educacional destes alunos. Esta revisão incluiu estudos publicados nos últimos cinco anos nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: Eric/Thesaurus, Scopus, Sportdiscus e Scielo. Foram utilizados para a busca os seguintes descritores e suas combinações possíveis (Physical Education, School, Biclycle e Cycling). Seis artigos foram incluídos nesta revisão, após todos os critérios de seleção, todos os estudos analisados apresentaram relação entre bicicleta e transporte ativo para a escola de modo eficiente. Outros pontos relevantes destacados nos estudos foram: o aumento do tempo de atividade física entre crianças e adolescentes; o uso de programas públicos de compartilhamento de bicicletas; a prevenção de doenças e, a diminuição da evasão escolar.
DISCURSOS SOBRE A “IDEOLOGIA DE GÊNERO” EM POSTAGENS DE DEPUTADOS FEDERAIS DO PSL NO INSTAGRAM
Authors: Vieira da Silva Francisco , Danrley Barra de Menezes Rafael
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, busca-se analisar como discursivamente a “ideologia de gênero” constitui-se em discursos políticos do Instagram, por meio de relações de saber-poder, e de que modo esses dizeres implicam nas políticas públicas e nas abordagens e debates sobre gênero e sexualidade no interior da escola. Para tanto, são analisadas quatro postagens na rede social Instagram de deputados federais que formam a base aliada do governo de Jair Bolsonaro, a saber:  Chris Tonietto (PSL/RJ), Carolina de Toni (PSL/SC), Soraya Manoto (PSL/ES) e Filipe Barros (PSL/PR). Do ponto de vista metodológico, trata-se de um estudo descritivo-interpretativo de natureza qualitativa. As análises apontam que a “ideologia de gênero” é construída como um objeto de discurso por meio de instâncias como a religião e a lei, as quais emolduram determinadas verdades, por meio de efeitos de saber-poder. Essas verdades, no funcionamento do discurso político na web, partem de grades de especificação que recortam a “ideologia de gênero” como uma prática predominantemente nociva para os valores familiares e, por isso, deve ser excluída do ambiente escolar. Além disso, foi possível averiguar que as relações de saber-poder, ancoradas na conexão entre religião e política, procuram governar moralmente os corpos e as sexualidades dos sujeitos em idade escolar.
A APROPRIAÇÃO DA LINGUAGEM ESCRITA E O ENSINO DA GRAMÁTICA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Francischini Boian Débora , Olivo Francisco Lucas Maria Angélica
Published: December 2021

O artigo apresenta discussões sobre o ensino da gramática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Realiza-se um estudo bibliográfico, com base na Teoria Histórico-Cultural, com a finalidade de expor sobre a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento da linguagem escrita. Busca-se discorrer sobre as pesquisas de linguistas brasileiros, nas quais demonstram questões metodológicas sobre o ensino da gramática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Sendo a gramática um conteúdo para compreender a língua, seu ensino possibilita a aprendizagem dos conhecimentos teóricos que se aplicam na escrita e permite a conscientização daquilo que se fala. Conclui-se que o ensino da gramática deve ser realizado de forma contextualizada, de modo que os conteúdos sejam sistematizados por meio de diálogos e gêneros textuais que circulam nas práticas sociais.
Poéticas em arte sonora: entrevista com Paulo Nenflidio
Authors: Yampolschi Roseane , Mamedes Clayton , Nenflidio Paulo
Published: December 2021

Paulo Nenflidio, in his biographic note, presents himself as an artist who works at the intersection between art, science and technology. A multiple and inventive artist, his works comprise sculptures, installations, objects, instruments and drawings in which sound, electronics, movement, construction, invention, randomness, physics, control, automatons, and workaround come together as elements of artistic expression. Paulo Nenflidio holds a degree in Fine Arts from the School of Communication and Arts of the University of São Paulo and is an electronics technician graduated from the Lauro Gomes Technical School in São Bernardo do Campo. Born in São Bernardo do Campo, the artist maintains his studio in this city. In this interview, we seek to deepen our study about the poetics of Paulo Nenflidio's works. How his creative trajectory developed, conceptual inspirations that guided the development of his creative processes and his artistic research, as well as the role of sound and silence as forms of poetic expression are issues addressed in this conversation. This interview was conducted by email, between the 20th and 24th of July 2021.
First Insights Into the Virus and Viroid Communities in Hemp (Cannabis sativa)
Authors: Chiginsky Judith , Langemeier Kaitlyn , MacWilliams Jacob , Albrecht Tessa , Cranshaw Whitney , Fulladolsa Ana Cristina , Kapuscinski Marylee , Stenglein Mark , Nachappa Punya
Published: December 2021

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) production has increased significantly in recent years; however, the crop has been understudied in the U.S. since its production declined in the late 1950s. Disease identification and management is an increasing challenge for hemp growers across the country. In 2019, beet curly top virus (BCTV) was first reported in hemp in Colorado. Hence, we were motivated to understand the diversity and prevalence of BCTV strains infecting hemp in Colorado. We detected BCTV at high incidence rate (81%) in leaf samples from 12 counties. Two different strains of BCTV, Worland (Wor) and Colorado (CO) were present as a single or mixed infection in hemp leaf samples. Phylogenetic analysis revealed BCTV sequences from hemp formed a distinct group along with BCTV strains CO and Wor. To determine other potential viral and viroid pathogens in hemp, we performed next generation sequencing (NGS). Virome analysis revealed the presence of both virus and viroid sequences that had high nucleotide sequence identity with GenBank accessions for cannabis cryptic virus, cannabis sativa mitovirus, citrus yellow vein associated virus, opuntia-like virus and hop latent viroid. In contrast, tobacco streak virus sequences were highly variable compared to sequences in GenBank suggesting a possible new genotype of this virus. The data presented here has important implications for the epidemiology and management of the various diseases of hemp and will lead to the development of integrated pest management strategies designed to interrupt transmission cycles and facilitate efficient crop production.
Fusion of Chitin-Binding Domain From Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 to the Leaf-Branch Compost Cutinase for Enhanced PET Hydrolysis
Authors: Xue Rui , Chen Yinping , Rong Huan , Wei Ren , Cui Zhongli , Zhou Jie , Dong Weiliang , Jiang Min
Published: December 2021

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a mass-produced petroleum-based non-biodegradable plastic that contributes to the global plastic pollution. Recently, biocatalytic degradation has emerged as a viable recycling approach for PET waste, especially with thermophilic polyester hydrolases such as a cutinase (LCC) isolated from a leaf-branch compost metagenome and its variants. To improve the enzymatic PET hydrolysis performance, we fused a chitin-binding domain (ChBD) from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 to the C-terminus of the previously reported LCCICCG variant, demonstrating higher adsorption to PET substrates and, as a result, improved degradation performance by up to 19.6% compared to with its precursor enzyme without the binding module. For compare hydrolysis with different binding module, the catalytic activity of LCCICCG-ChBD, LCCICCG-CBM, LCCICCG-PBM and LCCICCG-HFB4 were further investigated with PET substrates of various crystallinity and it showed measurable activity on high crystalline PET with 40% crystallinity. These results indicated that fusing a polymer-binding module to LCCICCG is a promising method stimulating the enzymatic hydrolysis of PET.
Research on Micro/Nano Surface Flatness Evaluation Method Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Shu Han , Zou Chunlong , Chen Jianyu , Wang Shenghuai
Published: December 2021

Flatness error is an important factor for effective evaluation of surface quality. The existing flatness error evaluation methods mainly evaluate the flatness error of a small number of data points on the micro scale surface measured by CMM, which cannot complete the flatness error evaluation of three-dimensional point cloud data on the micro/nano surface. To meet the needs of nano scale micro/nano surface flatness error evaluation, a minimum zone method on the basis of improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed. This method combines the principle of minimum zone method and hierarchical clustering method, improves the standard PSO algorithm, and can evaluate the flatness error of nano scale micro/nano surface image data point cloud scanned by atomic force microscope. The influence of the area size of micro/nano surface topography data on the flatness error evaluation results is analyzed. The flatness evaluation results and measurement uncertainty of minimum region method, standard least squares method, and standard PSO algorithm on the basis of the improved PSO algorithm are compared. Experiments show that the algorithm can stably evaluate the flatness error of micro/nano surface topography point cloud data, and the evaluation result of flatness error is more reliable and accurate than standard least squares method and standard PSO algorithm.
Thermostable Cellulases / Xylanases From Thermophilic and Hyperthermophilic Microorganisms: Current Perspective
Authors: Ajeje Samaila Boyi , Hu Yun , Song Guojie , Peter Sunday Bulus , Afful Richmond Godwin , Sun Fubao , Asadollahi Mohammad Ali , Amiri Hamid , Abdulkhani Ali , Sun Haiyan
Published: December 2021

The bioconversion of lignocellulose into monosaccharides is critical for ensuring the continual manufacturing of biofuels and value-added bioproducts. Enzymatic degradation, which has a high yield, low energy consumption, and enhanced selectivity, could be the most efficient and environmentally friendly technique for converting complex lignocellulose polymers to fermentable monosaccharides, and it is expected to make cellulases and xylanases the most demanded industrial enzymes. The widespread nature of thermophilic microorganisms allows them to proliferate on a variety of substrates and release substantial quantities of cellulases and xylanases, which makes them a great source of thermostable enzymes. The most significant breakthrough of lignocellulolytic enzymes lies in lignocellulose-deconstruction by enzymatic depolymerization of holocellulose into simple monosaccharides. However, commercially valuable thermostable cellulases and xylanases are challenging to produce in high enough quantities. Thus, the present review aims at giving an overview of the most recent thermostable cellulases and xylanases isolated from thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microbes. The emphasis is on recent advancements in manufacturing these enzymes in other mesophilic host and enhancement of catalytic activity as well as thermostability of thermophilic cellulases and xylanases, using genetic engineering as a promising and efficient technology for its economic production. Additionally, the biotechnological applications of thermostable cellulases and xylanases of thermophiles were also discussed.