bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Daily steps are associated with walking ability in hospitalized patients with sub-acute stroke
Authors: Kubo Hiroki , Kanai Masashi , Nozoe Masafumi , Inamoto Asami , Taguchi Akira , Mase Kyoshi , Shimada Shinichi
Published: July 2022

Increased physical activity is required in patients with stroke that are hospitalized in the rehabilitation unit. This study investigated the association between the daily number of steps and walking independence in order to determine the cutoff value of daily number of steps that can predict walking independence in hospitalized patients with sub-acute stroke. This cross-sectional observational study included 85 stroke patients admitted to the rehabilitation unit. The average daily number of steps was measured using Fitbit One for 4 days starting at 30 days after stroke onset. 6-min walk test, and Fugl-Meyer assessment of the lower extremities were measured The category of walking independence was classified using the Functional Ambulation Category (FAC). The subjects were divided into two groups according to the FAC score: a walking independence group (FAC ≥ 4) and a walking non-independence group (FAC ≤ 3). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association of daily number of steps with walking independence and a receiver operating characteristic curve was used to identify the cutoff value of daily number of steps for predicting walking independence. The daily number of steps (per 1000 steps) was independently associated with walking independence (odds ratio (OR); 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI); 1.40–5.73, p = 0.009). The cutoff value of daily number of steps for predicting independent walking was 4286 steps (area under the curve = 0.914, sensitivity of 0.731, and specificity of 0.949). The daily number of steps was associated with independent walking in hospitalized patients with sub-acute stroke. The daily number of steps may be a useful target in rehabilitation for patients with sub-acute stroke.
Current use of D-dimer for the exclusion of venous thrombosis in hospitalized patients
Authors: Karny-Epstein Nitzan , Abuhasira Ran , Grossman Alon
Published: July 2022

D-dimer assay’s utility for excluding venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients is debatable. We aimed to assess the current use of D-dimer as a diagnostic tool for excluding VTE in hospitalized patients and examine a mandatory age-adjusted D-dimer (AADD) threshold for diagnostic imaging. Retrospective cohort study between 2014 to 2019 that included patients from medical and surgical wards with a positive AADD result drawn during their hospitalization. The outcomes were determining a D-dimer threshold requiring further evaluation and assessing the prognostic value of D-dimer in predicting clinically relevant VTE in hospitalized patients. The cohort included 354 patients, 56% of them underwent definitive diagnostic imaging, and 7.6% were diagnosed with VTE after a positive AADD within 90 days of follow-up. Mortality rates were higher in patients diagnosed with VTE (33.3% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.03). Patients with pneumonia and other infectious etiologies were less likely to be further evaluated by definitive imaging (p = 0.001). Patients with a respiratory complaint (p = 0.02), chest pain (p < 0.001), or leg swelling (p = 0.01) were more likely to undergo diagnostic imaging. Patients with D-dimer levels > X2 the AADD were at increased risk of VTE [OR 3.87 (1.45–10.27)]. At 90 days of follow-up, no excess mortality was observed for patients without diagnostic evaluation following elevated AADD. D-dimer may be used in hospitalized patients to exclude VTE using the traditional AADD thresholds, with a high negative predictive value. D-dimer levels > X2 the AADD usually mandates further diagnostic imaging, while lower levels, probably do not require additional workup, with a sensitivity of almost 80% and no excess mortality.
Transcriptome change of Staphylococcus aureus in infected mouse liver
Authors: Hamamoto Hiroshi , Panthee Suresh , Paudel Atmika , Ohgi Suguru , Suzuki Yutaka , Makimura Koichi , Sekimizu Kazuhisa
Published: July 2022

We performed in vivo RNA-sequencing analysis ofStaphylococcus aureusin infected mouse liver using the 2-step cell-crush method. We compared the transcriptome ofS. aureusat 6, 24, and 48 h post-infection (h.p.i) in mice and in culture medium. Genes related to anaerobic respiration were highly upregulated at 24 and 48 h.p.i. The gene expression patterns of virulence factors differed depending on the type of toxin. For example, hemolysins, but not leukotoxins and serine proteases, were highly upregulated at 6 h.p.i. Gene expression of metal transporters, such as iron transporters, gradually increased at 24 and 48 h.p.i. We also analyzed the transcriptome of mouse liver infected withS. aureus. Hypoxia response genes were upregulated at 24 and 48 h.p.i., and immune response genes were upregulated from 6 h.p.i. These findings suggest that gene expression ofS. aureusin the host changes in response to changes in the host environment, such as the oxygenation status or immune system attacks during infection.
A local interplay between diffusion and intraflagellar transport distributes TRPV-channel OCR-2 along C. elegans chemosensory cilia
Authors: van Krugten Jaap , Danné Noémie , Peterman Erwin J. G.
Published: July 2022

To survive, Caenorhabditis elegans depends on sensing soluble chemicals with transmembrane proteins (TPs) in the cilia of its chemosensory neurons. Cilia rely on intraflagellar transport (IFT) to facilitate the distribution of cargo, such as TPs, along the ciliary axoneme. Here, we use fluorescence imaging of living worms and perform single-molecule tracking experiments to elucidate the dynamics underlying the ciliary distribution of the sensory TP OCR-2. Quantitative analysis reveals that the ciliary distribution of OCR-2 depends on an intricate interplay between transport modes that depends on the specific location in the cilium: in dendrite and transition zone, directed transport is predominant. Along the cilium motion is mostly due to normal diffusion together with a small fraction of directed transport, while at the ciliary tip subdiffusion dominates. These insights in the role of IFT and diffusion in ciliary dynamics contribute to a deeper understanding of ciliary signal transduction and chemosensing.
Printed Electronics Technologies
Authors: Wu Wei
Published: July 2022

Modern printing technology has paved the way for the fabrication of thin inexpensive electronics and is now established as a topic taught on advanced level courses across materials science and engineering. The properties of printed electronics, such as thin-form factor, flexibility, stretchability, portability, and rollability mean that they have a wide range of applications, including in wearable devices, smart packaging, healthcare, and the automotive industry.

This book describes the key printing technologies for printed electronics. Chapters cover principles and mechanisms, techniques, inorganic and organic materials, substrates, post-treatment and applications of printed electronics technologies.

Written by a leader in the field, this title will be essential reading for students on courses across materials science, electronics science, manufacturing and engineering, as well as those with an interest in printed electronics.
Cyanine–flavonol hybrids as NIR-light activatable carbon monoxide donors in methanol and aqueous solutions
Authors: Yang Qiuyun , Muchová Lucie , Štacková Lenka , Štacko Peter , Šindelář Vladimir , Vítek Libor , Klán Petr
Published: July 2022

Carbon monoxide release from biocompatible heptamethine cyanine–flavonol hybrids is activated by NIR light. Excellent release yields and uncaging cross sections, enhanced water solubilities, and a host–guest approach using cucurbit[7]uril are shown.
Intramolecular activation of strong Si–O bonds by gold(i): regioselective synthesis of 3-bromo-2-silylbenzofurans
Authors: Fernández-Canelas Paula , Miguélez Rubén , Rubio Eduardo , González José Manuel , Barrio Pablo
Published: July 2022

The reactivity of gold-vinylidene complexes allows for Si–O bond activation. The applicability of this methodology was showcased by orthogonal transformations.
Synergistic catalysis of graphitic carbon nitride supported bimetallic sulfide nanostructures for efficient oxygen generation
Authors: Wang Huixian , Ren Jinshen , Wang Aijian , Wang Qian , Zhao Wei , Zhao Long
Published: July 2022

Benefitting from the prominent structural advantages, Ni3S2/MoS2/20g-C3N4 exhibits excellent OER activity with a low overpotential of 183 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 M KOH, which gives an unexpected enhancement compared to other control samples.
Enhancing the ORR activity of fullerene-derived carbons by implanting Fe in assembled diamine–C60 spheres
Authors: Jiang Bohong , Wang Suwei , Meng Fancang , Ju Li , Jiang Wei , Ji Qingmin , Quan Heng-Dao
Published: July 2022

Fe and N co-doped fullerene-derived carbons with enhanced ORR activity are fabricated through implanting Fe in assembled diamine–C60 spheres.
Polyoxometalate-based metal–organic complexes and their derivatives as electrocatalysts for energy conversion in aqueous systems
Authors: Chang Zhi-Han , Chen Yong-Zhen , Zhang Yu-Chen , Wang Xiu-Li
Published: July 2022

The research progress on polyoxometalate-based metal–organic complexes and their derivatives as electrocatalysts in sustainable and clean energy conversion applications in aqueous systems is summarized.
Evidence suggesting kinetic unfreezing of water mobility in two distinct processes in pressure-amorphized clathrate hydrates
Authors: Andersson Ove , B. Brant Carvalho Paulo H. , Häussermann Ulrich , Hsu Ying-Jui
Published: July 2022

Two glass transitions detected in pressure-amorphized clathrate hydrates suggest that these transform to liquid states under extreme conditions; the transitions can explain divergent results for water's glass transition properties.
Uniform Bi–Bi2O3 nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide composites for high-performance aqueous alkaline batteries
Authors: Shi Mangmang , Zhao Mingshu , Zheng Qingyang , Jiao Lidong , Su Zhou , Li Min , Zhao Xiaobo , Song Xiaoping , Yang Sen
Published: July 2022

A promising Bi–Bi2O3/rGO-20 anode material and a cathode material (CoVSx@NiCo-LDH) were constructed. An assembled aqueous alkaline battery (CoVSx@NiCo-LDH//Bi–Bi2O3/rGO-20) delivers a high energy density and power density.
Facile synthesis of a glutathione-depleting Cu(ii)-half-salamo-based coordination polymer for enhanced chemodynamic therapy
Authors: Guo Wenting , Ji Tongxi , Deng Yunhu , Liu Jia , Gou Yantong , Dong Wenkui
Published: July 2022

A GSH-depleting copper-half-salamo-based coordination polymer (CuCP) was prepared and characterized. Such a CuCP could enhance the specificity, efficiency and biosecurity of CDT in the inhibition of cancer cell growth.
Large-scale hydrogen production via water electrolysis: a techno-economic and environmental assessment
Authors: Terlouw Tom , Bauer Christian , McKenna Russell , Mazzotti Marco
Published: July 2022

This work quantifies current and future costs as well as environmental burdens of large-scale hydrogen production systems on geographical islands, which exhibit high renewable energy potentials and could act as hydrogen export hubs.
Urea-assisted synthesis of carbon-doped BiNbO4 with oxygen vacancies and visible light photocatalytic applications
Authors: Lebedev Andrei , Weerasinghe P. Vishakha T. , Anariba Franklin , Li Xu , Hwee Leng Debbie Seng , Wu Ping
Published: July 2022

(1) BiNbO4(U-BiNbO4) was produced with oxygen vacancies that were controlled by carbon. (2) More effective degradations of the cationic dyes methylene blue (MB, 75.7 3.5%) and brilliant green (BG, 86.3 3.5%) than the pristine BiNbO4 were attained.
Effects of polymer carriers on the occurrence and development of autophagy in drug delivery
Authors: Wang Changduo , Li Yang , Tian Yu , Ma Wenyuan , Sun Yong
Published: July 2022

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process that can degrade cytoplasmic materials and recycle energy to maintain metabolite homeostasis in cells. Here, we summarized the autophagy regulation pathways and macromolecular materials mediated autophagy modulation.
Synthesis and application of a 0D/2D nanocomposite for the nanomolar level detection of an antiandrogen drug
Authors: Santhosh A. S. , Sahana K. M. , Sandeep S. , Prashanth Kumar P. N. , Alsaiari Norah Salem , Katubi Khadijah Mohammedsaleh , Abualnaja Khamael M. , Rajabathar J. R.
Published: July 2022

Schematic representation of fabrication and detection of Flutamide on graphite electrode.
A highly orientational architecture formed by covalently bonded graphene to achieve high through-plane thermal conductivity of polymer composites
Authors: Yan Qingwei , Gao Jingyao , Chen Ding , Tao Peidi , Chen Lu , Ying Junfeng , Tan Xue , Lv Le , Dai Wen , Alam Fakhr E. , Yu Jinhong , Wang Yuezhong , Li He , Xue Chen , Nishimura Kazuhito , Wu Sudong , Jiang Nan , Lin Cheng-Te
Published: July 2022

We report a unique graphene architecture combining the advantages of highly vertical alignments and covalently bonded interfaces to improve the heat transfer ability of PVDF, achieving a thermal conductivity enhancement per 1 wt% filler loading of up to 1659.
Lipid chain-driven interaction of a lipidated Src-family kinase Lyn with the bilayer membrane
Authors: Hanashima Shinya , Mito Kanako , Umegawa Yuichi , Murata Michio , Hojo Hironobu
Published: July 2022

S-Palmitoyl and N-myristoyl chains of Lyn cooperatively facilitate binding to the anionic lipids in membranes by extending the hydrocarbon chains deeper into the membrane interior.
Carbon-dot doped, transfer-free, low-temperature, high mobility graphene using microwave plasma CVD
Authors: Mewada Ashmi , Vishwakarma Riteshkumar , Zhu Rucheng , Umeno Masayoshi
Published: July 2022

Microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition is a well-known method for low-temperature, large-area direct graphene growth on any insulating substrate without any catalysts.
A high performance piezoelectric–triboelectric hybrid energy harvester by synergistic design
Authors: Khatua Dipak Kumar , Kim Sang-Jae
Published: July 2022

Generation of electricity from naturally abandoned mechanical vibrations is of utmost importance in the modern era of the internet of things.
Simulation of inverse Fredholm reconstruction in a vignetting zone: application to ASPIICS
Authors: Theys C. , Aime C. , Rougeot R. , Lantéri H.
Published: July 2022

Aims.This work deals with image reconstruction in a vignetting zone where the point spread function becomes evanescent and the image undergoes a Fredholm transformation. The application of this method is aimed at the reconstruction of the solar corona in the vignetting zone of the ASPIICS coronagraph. It extends on a previous paper in several aspects.

Methods.We used a matrix formalism for the exact inversion of the Fredholm integral. The stray light appears there as a bias. We performed two procedures: either the direct processing of the biased data or their processing following the subtraction of the bias. In the first case, the statistics follow a Poisson distribution and a Kullback-Leibler divergence was used; in the second case, we were led to use a simplifying Gaussian statistic. In both cases, a physical regularization using a Strehl criterion was implemented and this improved the results. Image reconstruction in the vignetting area is done in the case of a perfect coronagraph for two diameters of the internal occulter, but also in the case of formation flight errors and optical defects that are present but ignored by the inversion procedure.

Results.Poisson and Gauss models both give much better results than simple flux compensation. For the Poisson model, unexpected pseudo-fringes are present in the reconstructed raw image but are greatly reduced using regularization. The Gaussian model (using de-biased data) is found to give better results, no matter whether it is the regularized or non-regularized version of the algorithm that is used. Despite a high level of stray light, the internal occulter of a smaller dimension allows us to approach much closer to the solar edge without too great a loss in terms of quality in the outer regions. This conclusion remains true in the case of optical micro-defects leading to speckles in the PSF because that has only a slight impact on the images in the vignetting area. In the case of formation flying errors, the Fredholm inversion is more affected by these for the small internal occulter than for the larger one.

Conclusions.The method proposed for the Fredholm inversion is general and can be transposed to other systems using external occulters. An application of this method to the imaging of exoplanets is generally envisaged.
Bulge formation inside quiescent lopsided stellar disks: Connecting accretion, star formation, and morphological transformation in a z ∼ 3 galaxy group
Authors: Kalita Boris S. , Daddi Emanuele , Bournaud Frederic , Rich Robert Michael , Valentino Francesco , Gómez-Guijarro Carlos , Codis Sandrine , Delvecchio Ivan , Elbaz David , Strazzullo Veronica , de Souza Magalhaes Victor , Pety Jérôme , Tan Qinghua
Published: July 2022

We present well-resolved near-IR and submillimeter analysis of the three highly star-forming massive (> 1011 M⊙) galaxies within the core of the RO-1001 galaxy group at z = 2.91. Each of them displays kpc scale compact starbursting cores with properties consistent with forming galaxy bulges, embedded at the center of extended, massive stellar disks. Surprisingly, the stellar disks are unambiguously both quiescent and severely lopsided. Therefore, “outside-in” quenching is ongoing in the three group galaxies. We propose an overall scenario in which the strong mass lopsidedness in the disks (ranging from factors of 1.6 to > 3) likely generated under the effects of accreted gas and clumps, is responsible for their star-formation suppression, while funnelling gas into the nuclei and thus creating the central starbursts. The lopsided side of the disks marks the location of impact of accretion streams, with additional matter components (dust and stars) detected in their close proximity directly tracing the inflow direction. The interaction with the accreted clumps, which can be regarded as minor mergers, leads the major axes of the three galaxies to be closely aligned with the outer Lyman-α-emitting feeding filaments. These results provide the first piece of observational evidence of the impact of cold accretion streams on the formation and evolution of the galaxies they feed. In the current phase, this is taking the form of the rapid buildup of bulges under the effects of accretion, while still preserving massive quiescent and lopsided stellar disks at least until encountering a violent major merger.
CHEX-MATE: Morphological analysis of the sample
Authors: Campitiello M. G. , Ettori S. , Lovisari L. , Bartalucci I. , Eckert D. , Rasia E. , Rossetti M. , Gastaldello F. , Pratt G. W. , Maughan B. , Pointecouteau E. , Sereno M. , Biffi V. , Borgani S. , De Luca F. , De Petris M. , Gaspari M. , Ghizzardi S. , Mazzotta P. , Molendi S.
Published: July 2022

A classification of the galaxy cluster’s dynamical state is crucial when dealing with large samples. The identification of the most relaxed and most disturbed objects is necessary for both cosmological analysis, focused on spherical and virialised systems, and astrophysical studies, centred around all those micro-physical processes that take place in disturbed clusters (such as particle acceleration or turbulence). Among the most powerful tools for the identification of the dynamical state of clusters is the analysis of their intracluster medium (ICM) distribution. In this work, we performed an analysis of the X-ray morphology of the 118 (Cluster HEritage project withXMM-Newton– Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation) CHEX-MATE clusters, with the aim of providing a classification of their dynamical state. To investigate the link between the X-ray appearance and the dynamical state, we considered four morphological parameters: the surface brightness concentration, the centroid shift, and the second- and third-order power ratios. These indicators result to be strongly correlated with each other, powerful in identifying the disturbed and relaxed population, characterised by a unimodal distribution, and not strongly influenced by systematic uncertainties. In order to obtain a continuous classification of the CHEX-MATE objects, we combined these four parameters in a single quantity,M, which represents the grade of relaxation of a system. On the basis of theMvalue, we identified the most extreme systems of the sample, finding 15 very relaxed and 27 very disturbed galaxy clusters. From a comparison with previous analysis on X-ray selected samples, we confirmed that the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) clusters tend to be more disturbed. Finally, by applying our analysis to a simulated sample, we found a general agreement between the observed and simulated results, with the only exception being the concentration. This latter behaviour is partially related to the presence of particles with a high smoothed-particle-hydrodynamics density in the central regions of the simulated clusters due to the action of the idealised isotropic thermal active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback.
Bayesian approach for modeling global magnetic parameters for the solar active region
Authors: Poisson M. , Grings F. , Mandrini C. H. , López Fuentes M. , Démoulin P.
Published: July 2022

Context. Active regions (ARs) appear in the solar atmosphere as a consequence of the emergence of magnetic flux tubes. The presence of elongated magnetic polarities in line-of-sight (LOS) magnetograms indicates the existence of twist in the flux tubes that form them. These polarity elongations, referred to as magnetic tongues, bias the measurement of AR characteristics obtained during their emergence phase (e.g., their tilt angle and magnetic flux). In particular, obtaining a good estimation of the tilt angle evolution plays a key role in constraining flux-transport dynamo models.

Aims. In this work, we aim to estimate the intrinsic properties of the twisted flux tubes, or flux ropes, that form ARs by quantitatively comparing observed LOS magnetograms with synthetic ones derived from a toroidal magnetic flux tube model.

Methods. We developed a Bayesian inference method to obtain the statistical distributions of the inferred model parameters. As an example, we applied the method to NOAA AR 10268. Next, we tested the results using a synthetic-AR generator to quantify the effect of small-scale perturbations over the inferred parameter distributions.

Results. We conclude that this method can significantly remove the effects of magnetic tongues on the derived AR global characteristics, providing a better understanding of the intrinsic properties of the emerging flux rope.

Conclusions. These results provide a framework for future analyses of the physical properties of emerging ARs using Bayesian statistics.
Retour sur le colloque « Indentation 2021 »
Authors: Keyvin Vincent , Bourmaud Alain , Bernard Cédric , Caër Célia , Le Saux Vincent , Pouvreau Cédric
Published: July 2022

Le colloque « Indentation 2021 » du Groupe GIME (Groupe indentation multi-échelle) de la SF2M s’adressait aux universitaires et aux industriels intéressés par les problématiques de la caractérisation mécanique par indentation instrumentée à différentes échelles. Les objectifs de cette série de colloques sont d’échanger sur les récentes avancées de cette technique en termes de développements expérimentaux, de caractérisation de propriétés et de comportement, de gammes de matériaux étudiées, d’analyse des résultats ou de simulation numérique.
Schienenbehandlung nach Fasziektomie bei der Dupuytren‘schen
Kontraktur
Authors: Pelzmann Sonja Elisabeth
Published: July 2022

Schienen sind in der Behandlung der Dupuytren‘schen Kontraktur, speziell
nach einer Fasziektomie, die am häufigsten eingesetzte
(hand-)therapeutische Intervention. Aus der heterogenen Repräsentation
dieser Bindegewebserkrankung resultiert eine individuelle Schienenbehandlung
hinsichtlich Start, Modell und Dauer. Der Artikel gibt einen evidenzbasierten
Überblick über diese verschiedenen Möglichkeiten.
Gegenüberstellung zweier Schwann-Zell-haltiger orbitaler Tumoren: Schwannom und Ganglioneurom
Authors: Nüßle Simone , Lagrèze Wolf Alexander , Werner Martin , Urbach Horst , Reich Michael , Auw-Hädrich Claudia
Published: July 2022

Orbitale Tumoren umfassen eine Vielzahl von Erkrankungen, wobei Tumoren peripherer Nerven selten sind. Hiervon gilt das Schwannom als häufigste Entität, es besteht histopathologisch fast
ausschließlich aus Schwann-Zellen. Ein weiterer benigner, Schwann-Zell-haltiger Tumor ist das Ganglioneurom. Hierbei zeigen sich histopathologisch neben dem Schwann-Zell-haltigen Stroma
Ganglienzellen. Das Ganglioneurom zählt zur Gruppe der neuroblastischen Tumoren und kann überall im Verlauf der sympathischen Ganglienzellen auftreten. In dieser Kasuistik werden der
Krankheitsverlauf sowie die Befunde zweier Patienten mit unterschiedlichen orbitalen Tumoren präsentiert, wobei die Diagnosesicherung erst durch die histopathologische Untersuchung gelang.
Dabei lag bei einem Patienten ein zystisch-degenerativ verändertes Schwannom und bei einer Patientin ein Ganglioneurom vor, bei beiden Tumoren handelt es sich um in der Orbita sehr selten
vorkommende Entitäten. Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede werden diskutiert.
Die Jochschiene zur Nachbehandlung der
MCP-Gelenkblockade
Authors: Ganser Joachim
Published: July 2022

MCP-Gelenkblockaden unterliegen nach Reposition der zugrunde liegenden
Subluxation einer hohen Rezidivrate. Die Jochschiene schränkt die
Flexion des betroffenen Gelenks relativ zu den anderen Fingern ein und kann so
einem Rezidiv entgegenwirken. Der Autor beschreibt 3 konservative und einen
operativen Fall, die mit der Jochschiene nachbehandelt wurden und bei freier
Funktion rezidivfrei blieben.
Pathoanatomie der Dupuytren‘schen Kontraktur
Authors: Oeckenpöhler Simon , Langer Martin F.
Published: July 2022

Das bindegewebige Skelett der Hand ist ein hochkomplexes, mehrschichtiges System,
das die gängige Literatur nur unzureichend im Zusammenhang darstellt.
Die Kenntnis dieser aufeinander abgestimmten und ineinandergreifenden Systeme
ist die Basis zum Verständnis der Entwicklung der
Dupuytren’schen Kontraktur. Der Artikel stellt sowohl die gesunde
Anatomie als auch deren Veränderungen bei Dupuytren dar und geht auf die
Bedeutung der einzelnen Systeme in der Therapie ein.
M. Dupuytren – Rebellion am Ende einer faszialen
Kette
Authors: Dawils Michael
Published: July 2022

Beim Morbus Dupuytren verändern sich die Palmaraponeurose und andere
bindegewebige Strukturen der Hand. Durch die netzwerkartige Verbindung mit den
proximal liegenden Faszien könnte es zur Spannungsübertragung
zwischen den einzelnen Strukturen kommen. Mittels faszialer Techniken
können Therapeuten versuchen, die Spannungsverhältnisse und
damit möglicherweise den Krankheitsverlauf positiv zu beeinflussen.
Beeinflussung des M. Dupuytren über die Ernährung und
Mikronährstoffversorgung
Authors: Dawils Michael
Published: July 2022

Orientiert an den Risikofaktoren für die Entstehung eines Morbus
Dupuytren, ist eine gezielte Analyse der Ernährungsgewohnheiten des
Patienten sinnvoll. Schon kleine Veränderungen in der täglichen
Routine der Nährstoffversorgung können das Risiko einer
Verschlechterung oder eines Rezidivs reduzieren.
Kosten der Diagnostik kognitiver Störungen in deutschen
Gedächtnisambulanzen
Authors: Onur Oezguer A. , Wolff-Menzler Claus , Grimmer Timo , Frölich Lutz , von Arnim Christine A. F. , Jessen Frank , Fink Gereon R. , Wiltfang Jens , Laske Christoph , Schneider Anja , Levin Johannes , Oberstein Timo , Kornhuber Johannes , Oberhauser Felix , Gallinat Jürgen , Dodel Richard , Otto Markus , Peters Oliver , Teipel Stefan , Duezel Emrah , Riemenschneider Matthias , Flöel Agnes , Perneczky Robert , Reetz Kathrin , Schulz Jörg B. , Hausner Lucrezia
Published: July 2022

Demenzen sind teure Erkrankungen: die jährlichen Kosten betragen in
europäischen Versorgungssystemen etwa 28.000 €/Fall mit
einer starken Stadien-Abhängigkeit, davon entfallen etwa 19% auf
die medizinische Versorgung. Die diagnostischen Kosten hingegen verursachen
davon nur einen geringen Teil. Mit Wandel des konzeptuellen
Verständnisses von Demenzerkrankungen, der
Behandlungsmöglichkeiten und der Leitlinien spielen zunehmend auch
Biomarker-Untersuchungen eine wichtige Rolle. Die ökonomischen
Auswirkungen der Biomarker-basierten Diagnostik sind derzeit nicht sicher
abschätzbar. Zur Erhebung der Kosten einer leitlinien-orientierten
ätiologischen Erst-Diagnostik von kognitiven Störungen wurde
eine Umfrage im Deutschen Netzwerk Gedächtnisambulanzen (DNG)
durchgeführt. An 15 Expertenzentren des DNG wurden systematisch die
Personalbindungszeiten für alle Prozeduren und alle beteiligten
Berufsgruppen erhoben und die Personalkosten basierend auf den
tarifvertraglichen Arbeitgeberkosten berechnet. Zusammen mit den Kosten
für technische Untersuchungen wurden Gesamtkosten der Diagnostik
für drei Szenarien abgeschätzt: Diagnostik ohne Biomarker
€ 633,97 €, Diagnostik mit Liquoruntersuchungen
€ 1.214,90 und Diagnostik mit FDG- plus Amyloid-PET
€ 4.740,58. Zusätzlich erfolgte eine Analyse der
derzeitigen realen Kostensituation in Gedächtnisambulanzen, wobei die
Personalbindungszeiten für einzelne Leistungen und die apparativen
Kosten ins Verhältnis zur Häufigkeit ihrer Anwendung gesetzt
wurden. Als Mittelwert aller Zentren ergeben sich dabei Gesamtkosten von
€ 1.394,43/Fall (Mittelwert der Personalkosten
€ 351,72, Mittelwert der Kosten für apparative
Diagnostik € 1.042,71). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine
ätiologische Diagnostik von kognitiven Störungen (Demenzen und
leichte kognitive Störung) einen Ressourceneinsatz erfordert, welcher
derzeit weder durch die Vergütungssysteme von Ambulanzen noch durch die
vertragsärztliche Vergütung kostendeckend erstattet wird. Die
Biomarker-gestützte Diagnostik dementieller und prädementieller
Syndrome wird häufiger werden, wenn sie zur Indikationsstellung vor
einer krankheits-modifizierenden Therapie erforderlich ist. Deshalb
müssen neue Finanzierungsmodelle entwickelt werden, um die
gegenwärtige Lücke in der Kostenerstattung für die
ätiologische Diagnostik kognitiver Störungen zu
schließen.
Clinical Correlates of Moderate-to-Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants following Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Garg Parvesh M. , Pippin Melissa , Zhang Mengna , Ware Jennifer , Nelin Sarah , Paschal Jaslyn , Varshney Neha , Hillegass William B.
Published: July 2022

Objective The aim of the study is to determine clinical correlates of moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants following surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

Study Design This is a retrospective, single-center cohort study comparing patients with moderate to severe BPD to patients with non/mild BPD among surgical NEC infants. BPD was defined by NIH 2001 consensus definition.

Results Of 92 consecutive neonates with surgical NEC, 77% (71/92) had moderate/severe BPD and 22% (21/92) had non/mild BPD. The patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) was significantly higher in those developing moderate/severe BPD (67.6% [48/71]) than non/mild BPD (28.6% [6/21]; p = 0.001). Postoperatively, infants with moderate/severe BPD had more severe acute kidney injury (AKI; 67.6 [48/71] vs. 28.6% [6/21]; p = 0.001), were intubated longer (40.5 [interquartile (IQR): 12, 59] vs. 6 days [IQR: 2, 13]; p <0.001), received more parenteral nutrition (109 [IQR: 77, 147] vs. 55 days [IQR: 19, 70]; p <0.001), developed higher surgical morbidity (46.5 [33/71] vs. 14.3% [3/21]; p = 0.008), had more intestinal failure (62.5 vs. 13.3%; p <0.001), required a longer hospital stay (161 [IQR: 112, 186] vs. 64 days [IQR: 20, 91]; p <0.001), and were more likely to need home oxygen. In a multivariable analysis, lower birth weight (OR = 0.3, [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1–0.5]; p = 0.001), PDA (OR = 10.3, [95% CI: 1.6–65.4]; p = 0.014), and longer parenteral nutritional days (OR = 8.8; [95% CI: 2.0–43.0]; p = 0.005) were significantly and independently associated with higher odds of moderate/severe versus non-/mild BPD.

Conclusion Development of moderate/severe BPD occurred in the majority of preterm infants with surgical NEC in this consecutive series. Preterm infants with moderate/severe BPD were more likely to have a PDA before NEC. Development of moderate/severe BPD was associated with significantly greater burden and duration of postoperative morbidity following surgical NEC. Identifying surgical NEC infants at increased risk of moderate/severe BPD and developing lung protection strategies may improve surgical NEC outcomes.

Key Points
Time in Range and Pregnancy Outcomes in People with Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Fishel Bartal Michal , Ashby Cornthwaite Joycelyn A. , Ghafir Danna , Ward Clara , Ortiz Gladys , Louis Aleaha , Cornthwaite John , Chauhan Suneet S. P. , Sibai Baha M.
Published: July 2022

Objective The international consensus on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) recommends time in range (TIR) target of >70% for pregnant people. Our aim was to compare outcomes between pregnant people with TIR ≤ versus >70%.

Study Design This study was a retrospective study of all people using CGM during pregnancy from January 2017 to May 2021 at a tertiary care center. All people with pregestational diabetes who used CGM and delivered at our center were included in the analysis. Primary neonatal outcome included any of the following: large for gestational age, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, need for intravenous (IV) glucose, or respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Maternal outcomes included hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and delivery outcomes. Logistic regression was used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results Of 78 people managed with CGM, 65 (80%) met inclusion criteria. While 33 people (50.1%) had TIR ≤70%, 32 (49.2%) had TIR >70%. People with TIR ≤70% were more likely to be younger, have a lower body mass index, and have type 1 diabetes than those with TIR >70%. After multivariable regression, there was no difference in the composite neonatal outcome between the groups (aOR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.16–1.92). However, neonates of people with TIR ≤70% were more likely to be admitted to the NICU (p = 0.035), to receive IV glucose (p = 0.005), to have RDS (p = 0.012), and had a longer hospital stay (p = 0.012) compared with people with TIR >70%. Furthermore, people with TIR ≤70% were more likely to develop hypertensive disorders (p = 0.04) than those with TIR >70%.

Conclusion In this cohort, the target of TIR >70% was reached in about one out of two people with diabetes using CGM, which correlated with a reduction in neonatal and maternal complications.

Key Points
Six Sessions of Low-volume High-intensity Interval Exercise Improves Resting Fat Oxidation
Authors: Atakan Muhammed Mustafa , Koşar Şükran Nazan , Turnagöl Hüseyin Hüsrev
Published: July 2022

It remains unclear whether a practical model of low-volume high-intensity interval exercise improves resting fat oxidation (FatOx) that is associated with metabolic health. We aimed to determine the effects of a short-term practical model of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on resting FatOx in young, healthy males. Thirty healthy males were randomly assigned to either single (HIITsingle; n=13) or double HIIT (HIITdouble; n=17) group. The HIITsingle group trained once a day, 3 days/week for 2 weeks, whilst the HIITdouble group performed 6 sessions of high-intensity exercise over 5 days by exercising twice a day every second day. Both groups completed 6 high-intensity exercise sessions consisting of 10×60 s of cycling at peak power output, interspersed by 75 s cycling at 60 W. With 1% false discovery rate (FDR) significance threshold, resting respiratory exchange ratio similarly decreased in HIITsingle (pre=0.83±0.03 vs post=0.80±0.03) and HIITdouble group (pre=0.82±0.04 vs post=0.80±0.02) [(p=0.001; partial eta squared (η)=0.310, FDR-adjusted p value=0.005)]. Resting FatOx increased similarly in HIITsingle (pre=1.07±0.39 mg·kg-1 fat free mass (FFM)·min-1 vs post=1.44±0.36 mg·kg-1 FFM·min-1) and HIITdouble group (pre=1.35±0.45 mg·kg-1 FFM·min-1 vs post=1.52±0.29 mg·kg-1 FFM·min-1) [(p<0.001; η=0.411, FDR-adjusted p value=0.005)]. Our results demonstrate that only six sessions of a practical model of low-volume high-intensity exercise improves resting FatOx in young, healthy males.
Speech Therapy and Earnings: Economic Benefits for Individuals Who Stutter
Authors: Briley Patrick M. , Jacobs Molly M.
Published: July 2022

Stuttering is a complex communication disorder with effects that extend beyond difficulty with communication. Negative thoughts and feelings by the person who stutters (PWS), about the disorder or themselves, may potentially lead to detrimental avoidance behaviors which may ultimately alter life choices and participation in life events. One such area is the labor market. Studies have revealed an association between stuttering and reduced earnings. What is not understood is whether provision of speech therapy for PWS can help mitigate the negative labor market impacts of this condition. This article discusses the disorder of stuttering and how approach versus avoidance responses can contribute to wage differentials among PWS, while also providing evidence of such differences using a nationally representative dataset. Additionally, this article outlines the potential benefits received from speech-language pathology services which may correlate with improved labor market outcomes.
The Incidence of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Low-Birth-Weight Infants: Assessment by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Hayakawa Katsumi , Tanda Koichi , Nishimoto Masakazu , Nishimura Akira , Kinoshita Daisuke , Sano Yuko
Published: July 2022

Purpose Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is common in infants with a low-birth-weight (LBW) and has been suggested to cause major impairment not only of future motor development but also of cognitive function and learning ability. The purpose of the present study is to assess the frequency of IVH using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in LBW infants and its clinical neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Methods We enrolled a consecutive series of 247 neonates with an LBW of < 1,500 g hospitalized in the newborn intensive care unit between 2010 and 2015. The presence of IVH was examined using T2* MRI at term-equivalent age (TEA). We then investigated the clinical outcome at ≥3 years of age and its correlation with the IVH grade.

Results The overall incidence of IVH among LBW infants was 16.2%. The proportion of infants with IVH showing a favorable outcome did not differ significantly from that of infants without IVH. The proportion of neonates showing a poor outcome was 6.7% for those with IVH and 1.9% for those without IVH and 2.7% for those with and without IVH combined.

Conclusion We were able to clarify the frequency of IVH in LBW infants using MRI at TEA. We demonstrated the lower incidence of mortality and IVH, the higher incidence of a favorable outcome, and the lower incidence of poor outcome.
KMA Entscheider Blog: Heterogenen Teams gehört die Zukunft
Authors: Heiß Tanja
Published: July 2022

Führungskräfte, die immer wieder die gleichen Persönlichkeiten ins Team holen. Mitarbeitende, die die gleichen Karrieren anstreben. Teams, die über Jahre hinweg die gleichen Ergebnisse produzieren. All das hat im Gesundheitswesen künftig ausgedient. Veränderungen und die Digitalisierung sind nur zwei Gründe, warum Teams sich breiter aufstellen müssen. Homogenität hat ausgedient. Welche Vorteile das für das einzelne Krankenhaus hat und was das für den Führungsalltag bedeutet, erfahren Sie hier.
Rechtskolumne: Wirtschaftliches Alternativverhalten
Authors: Weimer Tobias
Published: July 2022

Ein Vergütungsanspruch nach Maßgabe eines fiktiven wirtschaftlichen Alternativverhaltens kommt dann in Betracht, wenn ein Krankenhaus eine Behandlung zwar zweckmäßig durchgeführt hat, medizinisch jedoch in einer höheren Stufe, als dies erforderlich wäre.
Klimawandel: Die Uhr tickt
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: July 2022

Krankenhäuser müssen ihren ökologischen Fußabdruck verbessern. Sie sind für einen erheblichen Teil der klimaschädlichen Emissionen verantwortlich. Der Wandel ist möglich – und reduziert nicht nur den CO2-Ausstoß, sondern auch die Ausgaben.
Digitale Patientenakte: „Der digitale Prozess ist der bessere Prozess“
Authors: Hohnstein Aileen
Published: July 2022

Ein Großteil der Krankenhäuser arbeitet noch überwiegend mit Papierakten. An den sieben Asklepios-Standorten in Hamburg ist das nicht mehr so. Seit 2016 wurden alle Häuser auf dasselbe Krankenhausinformationssystem der Meierhofer AG umgestellt, nun wurde das Projekt erfolgreich abgeschlossen. Im kma-Interview berichten Joachim Gemmel, Sprecher der Asklepios Kliniken Hamburg GmbH, und Unternehmensgründer Matthias Meierhofer von ihrer Zusammenarbeit, den Herausforderungen und Plänen.
Medizinprodukte: MDR-Streit geht in die nächste Runde
Authors: Rößing Sabine
Published: July 2022

Die Reform der europäischen Marktzulassung für Medizinprodukte treibt Hersteller und Anwender auf die Barrikaden. Vor allem ein Ärgernis: die verschärften Prüfungsanforderungen betreffen auch Produkte, die schon auf dem Markt sind. Ein Jahr vor dem Auslaufen der letzten Übergangsfrist soll nun die EU-Kommission einschreiten.
Gesundes Gebäudeklima: Es lebe das Mikrobiom
Authors: Thalmayr Maria
Published: July 2022

Sind tatsächlich nur tote Mikroben gute Mikroben? Dr. Walter Hugentobler meint: „Wir sollten unser Feindbild gegenüber Bakterien und Co. aufgeben.“ Die besten Verbündeten gegen krankmachende Erreger seien die ebenso zahlreichen wie harmlosen „Good Guys“ unter den Mikroorganismen.
Gebärmutter-Transplantationszentrum: Mit gespendeter Gebärmutter zum Kinderglück
Authors: Hohnstein Aileen
Published: July 2022

Bis zu 9 000 Frauen leben in Deutschland, die ohne Gebärmutter zur Welt gekommen sind. Ist ihr Leidensdruck durch die eigene Unfruchtbarkeit zu groß, besteht in Tübingen die Möglichkeit eines medizinischen Auswegs. Bereits vier Frauen konnten durch eine Gebärmuttertransplantation eigene Kinder bekommen.
DGIV Nachrichten: Die „Kleinen“ in der integrierten Versorgung
Authors: Schmid Andreas
Published: July 2022

Jeder hat ein Bild vor Augen, wenn man von kleinen Krankenhäusern redet. Richtig gut zu fassen ist der Begriff aber nicht. Ab wann ist ein Krankenhaus klein? Mit weniger als 200, 150, 100 oder 50 Betten? Mit weniger als 4, 3 oder 2 Fachabteilungen? Spielt es dabei eine Rolle, ob es sich im ländlichen Raum oder in der Metropole befindet, spezialisiert oder breit aufgestellt ist?
Segmentation and accurate identification of large carious lesions on high quality x-ray images based on Attentional U-Net model. A proof of concept study
Authors: Li Wei , Zhu Xueyan , Wang Xiaochun , Wang Fei , Liu Junyan , Chen Mingjun , Wang Yang , Yue Honghao
Published: July 2022

Dental caries is a bacterial infectious disease that destroys the structure of teeth. It is one of the main diseases that endanger human health [R. H. Selwitz, A. I. Ismail, and N. B. Pitts, Lancet 369(9555), 51–59 (2007)]. At present, dentists use both visual exams and radiographs for the detection of caries. Affected by the patient's dental health and the degree of caries demineralization, it is sometimes difficult to accurately identify some dental caries in x-ray images with the naked eye. Therefore, dentists need an intelligent and accurate dental caries recognition system to assist diagnosis, reduce the influence of doctors' subjective factors, and improve the efficiency of dental caries diagnosis. Therefore, this paper combines the U-Net model verified in the field of biomedical image segmentation with the convolution block attention module, designs an Attention U-Net model for caries image segmentation, and discusses the feasibility of deep learning technology in caries image recognition so as to prepare for the next clinical verification. After testing, the Dice similarity coefficient, mean pixel accuracy, mean intersection over union, and frequency-weighted intersection over the union of teeth segmentation with Attention U-Net are 95.30%, 94.46%, 93.10%, and 93.54%, respectively. The Dice similarity coefficient, mean pixel accuracy, mean intersection over union, and frequency-weighted intersection over the union of dental caries segmentation with Attention U-Net are 85.36%, 91.84%, 82.22%, and 97.08%, respectively. As a proof of concept study, this study was an initial evaluation of technology to assist dentists in the detection of caries. There is still more work needed before this can be used clinically.
Fuel–shell mix and yield degradation in kinetic shock-driven inertial confinement fusion implosions
Authors: Sio H. , Larroche O. , Bose A. , Atzeni S. , Frenje J. A. , Kabadi N. V. , Gatu Johnson M. , Li C. K. , Glebov V. , Stoeckl C. , Lahmann B. , Adrian P. J. , Regan S. P. , Birkel A. , Seguin F. H. , Petrasso R. D.
Published: July 2022

Fuel–shell mix in kinetic plasma conditions is probed using nuclear and x-ray self-emission in shock-driven, D3He-gas-filled inertial confinement fusion implosions. As initial gas fill density decreases, measured nuclear yields and ion temperatures are lower than expected as compared to radiation-hydrodynamic simulations. Spatially and temporally resolved x-ray emissions indicate significant mixing at the fuel–shell interface in implosions with low initial gas fill density. This observed fuel–shell mix introduces a substantial amount of shell ions into the center of the implosion prior to and during shock flash and is the key mechanism needed in the kinetic-ion simulations to match experimental nuclear yields.
Direct comparison of analytically derived “Fedosov” solution with experimental measurements and numerical simulations of relativistic thin annular electron beam generation and propagation in magnetically insulated coaxial diode of SINUS-6 high-current electron-beam accelerator
Authors: Andreev Andrey D.
Published: July 2022

The analytically derived solution for a thin annular electron-beam generation in a magnetically insulated coaxial diode (MICD), also known as “Fedosov solution,” is validated by direct experimental measurements of current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of MICD driven by the high-current electron-beam accelerator SINUS-6 and numerical particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of a thin annular electron-beam generation and propagation in computer model of MICD of corresponding geometry and initial/boundary conditions. The experimental measurements of I–V characteristics of MICD are performed by monitoring and analyzing a voltage applied to MICD and an electron-beam current generated by an explosive-emission cathode of MICD. Numerical simulations of MICD operation are performed using ICEPIC code. The comparisons of analytically derived “Fedosov” solution with experimentally measured I–V characteristics of MICD as well as with results of ICEPIC simulations of a three-dimensional computer model of MICD operation are analyzed, and a conclusion is made that all three measures are pretty much consistent with each other. The appliance of the analysis is purposed now in using SINUS-6 accelerator for designing, prototyping, and studying different variants of O-type slow-wave high-power microwave/millimeter-wavelength vacuum electronic devices.