bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma análise weberiana da gestação das estruturas de dominação em sindicatos
Authors: Santos-Silva Antônio , Carvalho Neto Antonio Moreira de
Published: April 2020

This paper presents the report of a survey that aimed to investigate the role of union leaders in gestation structures of domination in Brazilian unions adopting an interpretative Weberian analysis. Weberian concepts, such as domination, social relation and legitimacy were articulated to explain, in a qualitative approach, the internal social relations within trade unions. The exploratory analysis of 26 interviews conceded by trade union leaders allowed the identification of five groups of orders that constitute maxims and rules of action among the union leaders. This paper focuses on the documental analysis of 115 documents looking for evidence of the domination structures genesis. The documents revealed that these structures go back to the trade union training process, especially from the decade 1970s. The data analysis was structured in five groups of orders: ethics; political repression; ideology; mistrust between parts; and validity of laws. The study concluded by the pertinence of the adoption of the interpretative Weberian approach to explain the action of administrative staff (as in Weber, the influential individuals on the decision making process within the organization) related to the making and preservation of the structures of domination, confirming the Weberian theory.
Medida de criatividade e inovação: evidências de validade no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Gondim Sônia Maria Guedes , Techio Elza Maria , Loiola Elisabeth , Carias Iago Andrade , Colman Katlyane , Da Costa Silvia , Paez Dario , Sánchez Flor
Published: April 2020

The main objective of this article is to explore the validity of the Factors of Creativity and Organizational Innovation (FINO) Measure in a Brazilian sample and ascertain the predictive power of individual, group, and organizational factors in relation to the perceived innovation in the organization. Evidence of the validity of this measure was previously found with workers in the Basque Country and in Latin-American countries. A total of 265 workers from various organizations participated in this survey study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and linear regression analysis with observable variables were performed by means of structural equation modeling. The CFA results indicate that the model with the best fit has eight correlated factors. The regression analysis suggests that the factors Work Characteristics, Leadership, and Personal Traits for Creativity and Innovation predict the perception of innovation in the organization.
Qual o papel dos indicadores como instrumento de governança para auxiliar as cidades a se tornarem mais sustentáveis?
Authors: Ribeiro Tatiana Soares Viana , Cortese Tatiana Tucunduva Philippi , Kniess Cláudia Terezinha , Conti Diego De Melo
Published: April 2020

Cities need continual improvements as they grow, and the government needs to create the means to meet this demand. To assist in sustainable development for communities, ISO 37120 was created to focus on cities, with indicators for urban services and quality of life. This article seeks to understand if Indicators for Sustainable Cities can help Governance make more assertive decisions and improve the residents’ quality of life.
Relação entre gestão do conhecimento e inovação na cadeia produtiva da maçã
Authors: Zanandrea Gabriela , Camargo Maria Emilia , Tisott Priscila Bresolin , Dullius Angela Isabel dos Santos
Published: April 2020

The constant changes which have shaped the companies environment have mobilized researchers to investigate the factors that lead them to innovate and reach higher levels of performance. In this context, knowledge management has been considered as a driving force for development and crucial for innovation. However, little attention has been paid to the use of these concepts in the agribusiness sector. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge management processes and innovation in the apple production chain in the Southern Region of Brazil from the links of production and packing-houses. For that, a quantitative, descriptive study was carried out through a survey with 166 actors of the apple production chain, whose analysis was made using the structural equation modeling technique. The results obtained provided strong support for the hypothesized relation, which showed that knowledge management significantly influences both product and process innovation. The conclusions of this study provide a theoretical and empirical basis for a better understanding of the importance of knowledge management and innovation to improve the performance of the apple production chain.
A diversidade geracional e as políticas e práticas de recursos humanos em instituições de ensino superior
Authors: Lucas dos Santos Geneia , Lisboa Gaspar Fabio , Rodrigues Maria Beatriz , Baldissarelli Juciele Marta
Published: April 2020

This article investigates the perception of the workers in High Education Institutions (HEIs) in the State of Santa Catarina (SC), it is based on six Human Resources policies, under the perspective of generational diversity. The research’s nature was quantitative, based on description and survey. Data collection was carried out using the scale of the Human Resources Policies and Practices (EPPRH), validated in Brazil by Demo in 2008. A total of 409 workers from eleven HEIs participated in the study. Comparatively, results were very similar, with averages close in the items investigated, comparing the generations baby boomers, X, Y e Z. It can be sustained that in the HR policies and practices in HEIs all generations usually converge on the thinking and perceptions related to them. The interviewees showed indifference or unawareness about the policies that were studied, since their existence and/or effectiveness were not expressly perceived, it would be advisable for HEI to re-think their proposals, models of implementation and dissemination of these themes. Further research is suggested in view of differences in the belonging of HEI workers, intersectionalities of diversity, and qualitative understanding of responses.
Transição sociotecnológica para a mobilidade urbana sustentável no Brasil
Authors: Coelho Pedro Felipe da Costa , Abreu Mônica Cavalcanti Sá de
Published: April 2020

This article identifies micro, meso, and macro dynamics that influence the socio-technical transitions of cities to sustainable urban mobility in Brazil. The study analyzed the content of documents such as the National Urban Mobility Policy (PNMU), and the master plans and urban mobility plans of the cities of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Distrito Federal, Fortaleza, and Salvador. The research revealed that the master plans and other plans related to urban mobility of the main Brazilian capitals are developed in isolation, with no coordination among cities. At the micro level, the plans do not contemplate the adoption of alternative fuels and the effective integration among modes of public transport. At the meso level, three mobility regimes were introduced: the traditional public transport and non-motorized public transport regimes, which had a dynamic contrary to the regime of cars. At the macro level, the variables associated with the economic and social context, with the consumer market, and the industry shaped the trends of urban mobility systems. The research presents a dynamic of resistance to sustainable urban mobility and reinforces the need for greater coordination between private and public actors.
Os indicadores de desempenho e de qualidade e o processo de governança nas Universidades Federais Brasileiras: um estudo multicaso
Authors: Lobato Josiane De Oliveira , Andrade Elida Furtado da Silva , Maccari Emerson Antonio , Mazieri Marcos Rogério
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between the use of the performance and quality indicators and the governance process of the Brazilian federal universities. To achieve this, semi-structured script interviews were conducted with the managers of four universities with the best performance and quality indicators. Following the request to maintain anonymity in the interviews, universities were codified as University 1, University 2, University 3 and University 4. Secondary data were collected in bibliographical and documentary research on the official websites of the universities participating in the research. For the analysis of the results, the triangulation of data sources was used. As a result, it has been verified that governance has a great influence on the way in which management conducts its work, since management with greater maturity in the governance process better understand the importance of indicators and all institutional information, and use them in a strategic way.
Utilização do conceito de cidades inteligentes para repensar os processos de comunicação dos Conselhos Municipais
Authors: Quilice Thiago Ferreira , Silva Cleiton Martins Duarte da , Jácome Naraiana Marques , Sanches Poliana Estefane
Published: April 2020

The concept of smart cities addresses how information technology can improve a city’s processes and suggests greater participation among the population in these processes. The purpose of this article was to use this concept as a support to rethink the communication processes of municipal councils, seeking ways to improve them through the use of information technologies, which would allow improving the structure for the dissemination of actions taken by the councils and increasing social control over public policy planning and implementation. For this, the communication processes of the municipal councils of a small city were analyzed. These processes were then evaluated and discussed in light of the concept of smart cities. As a result, it was found that the communication processes analyzed are flawed and need improvement, especially regarding their scope, which should include the possibility of manifestation by society. Initiatives related to the concept of smart cities that could solve the identified problems are also discussed. Based on the collected data, the requirements and functionalities for the development of a technology-based communication tool that could enable faster and more effective communication between the counselors, between the councils and society and between the councils and their government departments are suggested. Finally, it is suggested that future research assesses within the population the reasons why social participation in municipal councils is low.
Gestão de resíduos sólidos no restaurante universitário da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco: diagnóstico e análise à luz da agenda ambiental na administração pública
Authors: Gonçalves Manuela Medeiros , Albuquerque José De Lima
Published: April 2020

The amount of solid waste produced by the University Restaurant of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco is quite high. Roughly 3.5k meals are served daily. A number which requires proper strategies for waste reduction. The research main goal was to run a diagnosis and an analysis on the management of the main waste generated at the University Restaurant: generation, collection and final destination on the perspective of the Public Administration’s Environmental Agenda. The data collection was conducted through documental research and direct observation with the intention of identifying the management stages of the main solid waste generated. The methodology used was a case study with a qualitative investigative approach. The results showed a lack of efficiency on the management of the main produced waste and that would require further attention to A3P’s variable that outlines the management of generated waste and the related legislation. Besides, it is noted that and adjustment of the food planning at the restaurant with the intention to reduce the disparity between the planned and the consumed amount of food. The results of this research, as well as the recommendations for future studies, will be forwarded to the managers of the restaurant so the necessary actions can be taken in order to ensure the continuous improvement of its waste management.
Uma revisão bibliográfica do tipo scopping/mapping sobre a Agricultura Urbana e Periurbana
Authors: Sellin Victor Bueno , Christopoulos Tania Pereira
Published: April 2020

The world is undergoing an accelerated urbanization process marked by social and environmental imbalances. In this context, urban and periurban agriculture (UPA) emerges as an alternative to sustainable urbanization mainly due to its contribution to food security, reduction of environmental impact, revitalization of urban areas, integration of households and physical and psychological well-being increasing. The purpose of this paper is to understand how academic literature deals with urban and periurban agriculture. For that, a scoping / mapping literature review was carried out and its results were presented after identification of relevant scientific studies on UPA, its main aspects, ways in which the term has been defined; and discussion about themes from the selected articles. After this review, the conclusions are: the scientific production on the subject is undergoing high growth rates in recent years; the relationship between UPA and urban dynamics is more important for the definition of UPA than the location of agriculture; and that the aspects that authors found most interesting are: concept and panorama, urban planning and governance, quantitative potential, environment, risk of contamination and techniques and productivity.
The importance of the atmosphere of the environment in Brazilian physical retail in 2030
Authors: Neves Sidney De Aguiar , Queiroz Mauricio Jucá , Queiroz Renata Steffanoni Bernardes de , Guedes Luis Fernando Ascenção
Published: April 2020

In the face of the technological developments, the change in consumer behavior and the intensification of the use of the internet in the purchase of products and services, it is identified the need to develop new competitive structure in the Brazilian physical retail. In this context, the atmosphere of the environment has been adopted as an important strategic tool in physical retail in order to provide competitive advantage and consolidate the consumer's shopping experience. This article seeks to identify trends related to the atmosphere of the Brazilian physical retail environment in 2030. The research developed in this article started from an exploratory approach with qualitative nature and it was divided into two stages: one, involving eight retail executive professionals (Vision 1), with data collection through the Survey Monkey platform electronic questionnaire; the second stage was conducted face-to-face and Skype semi-structured interviews with four retail executive professionals (Vision 2). It was possible to identify:  a) the factors that will affect the atmosphere of the environment; b) the factors that need change for physical retail to serve the consumer; c) the most important relationships between physical retail versus the consumer; d) the dimension of greatest value to the consumer and e) as regards behavior.
Giving Birth to Inferential Reasoning
Authors: Jones Ryan Seth , Jia Zhigang , Bezaire Joel
Published: April 2020

Too often, statistical inference and probability are treated in schools like they are unrelated. In this paper, we describe how we supported students to learn about the role of probability in making inferences with variable data by building models of real world events and using them to simulate repeated samples.
Then: Surprisingly Impactful Past Mathematics Education Events
Authors: Shaughnessy J. Michael
Published: April 2020

In celebration of NCTM's 100th birthday I'm very pleased to have this opportunity to share this retrospective on two early career events that had a big impact on mathematics education nationally and internationally, and turned out to be surprisingly instrumental in my own professional development.
Problems to Ponder
Authors: Katt Susie , Korponic Megan
Published: April 2020

This document contains the actual problems for April 2020.
The spiritual beliefs of cancer survivors: A thematic analysis
Authors: Sharma Devaki Nandan , Tiwari Gyanesh Kumar , Rai Pramod Kumar
Published: April 2020

Aim

This study explored the nature of spiritual beliefs and their role in regulating various life outcomes of cancer survivors.

Method

A heterogeneous sample of thirty diagnosed cancer patients with age ranging from 18 to 75 years participated in the study. The study employed a qualitative research design which involved semi-structured interviews and the thematic analysis of the audiotaped contents of these interviews.

Results

The analyses led to five themes regarding the spiritual beliefs of the participants. The identified themes were: “optimistic change towards life”, “fighting spirit towards life”, “enhanced trust in family and friends”, “improved realistic self-perception”, and “positive thinking with future orientations”.

Conclusions

The findings of the study showed that spiritual beliefs represented a complex phenomenon comprising cognitive, affective and behavioural components. Spiritual beliefs also carried many positive outcomes to regain and maintain psychological balance, well-being, quality of life and health. It also facilitated the patients to have strong desires to compensate their losses due to ill health by setting and achieving higher spiritual, social and interpersonal goals by carrying out social services, sacrifice and altruistic deeds.
A atualidade da música nos cursos de Pedagogia no Brasil
Authors: De Carvalho Anderson Carmo , Ramalho Celso Garcia de Araújo
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo é resultado da pesquisa realizada durante os anos de 2016 e 2017 acerca dos conhecimentos de música presentes nos currículos dos cursos de Pedagogia nas universidades públicas brasileiras. Investigamos como se apresentam as diversas denominações que ora se referem às disciplinas e ora a conteúdos, também a ausência de qualquer referência à música durante os dois últimos séculos; e como ainda hoje a música interage com os currículos de Pedagogia atuais. Parte-se da perspectiva de que o conhecimento musical é fundamental para os cursos de Pedagogia de forma não polivalente, e que há a indicação da importância do estudo do fenômeno musical na legislação que regulamenta a formação de pedagogas. Num país tão musical em que canto e dança, corpo e voz, pulsam e vibram em ações culturais e educativas, a música dimensiona o que somos e como nos tornamos humanos no Brasil. Junto ao fenômeno da música conhecemos o mundo em nosso fazer mais próprio.
O contexto inclusivo na escola: representação e estigma na perspectiva de duas professoras
Authors: Schambeck Regina Finck
Published: April 2020

Este artigo está relacionado à representação sobre o contexto inclusivo na escola sob a perspectivas de duas professoras que atuam no ensino fundamental. Traz reflexões sobre o contexto inclusivo e a inserção de alunos com deficiência, a partir de questionários abertos aplicados para as professoras, que contemplou categorias, a saber: o perfil das profissionais, práticas pedagógicas, experiências profissionais com inclusão e preconceito, estigma e representação na escola. Também fizeram parte do roteiro questões sobre as relações da criança com deficiência com os seus colegas, com as professoras, com a escola e com os pais. A partir da contextualização das práticas dessas professoras, foi realizada uma aproximação das suas falas, analisando-as e relacionando-as com as discussões teóricas sobre representação social e estigma. Foi possível identificar que, nos contextos investigados, ficou evidenciado que as práticas de sala de aula dessas professoras buscavam incluir os alunos, mas, ainda, apesar dos esforços empreendidos, persistiu nas unidadesescolares umacultura na qual não se pode eliminar todos os preconceitos ou convenções presentes na sociedade, inclusive aqueles que pressupõem que alunos com deficiência intelectual pouco poderão aprender no espaço educativo.
A linguagem fílmica na escola: a fantasia acessível pela audiodescrição
Authors: Tavares Maria Cecilia , Lago de Moraes Ana Beatriz
Published: April 2020

O cinema é considerado como a 7ª arte que fascina e absorve o espectador.  Observa-se o uso crescente desta linguagem como ferramenta didática no cotidiano escolar.  Ao aluno com deficiência visual deve ser garantido o direito de apreciar a linguagem fílmica, fato que requer a criação de mecanismos e estratégias que assegurem as condições de acessibilidade.  A audiodescrição (AD) é um dos recursos de acessibilidade e é considerado também com um recurso pedagógico. O Centro de Referência em Educação Especial – Instituto Municipal Helena Antipoff, órgão da Secretaria Municipal de Ensino da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, utiliza o recurso de audiodescrição em suas pesquisas aplicada na Rede de Ensino. Os estudos são desenvolvidos na Oficina de Audiodescrição. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar o estudo desenvolvido no ano de 2015 e 2016, resultado da elaboração de um roteiro de audiodescrição do filme Harry Potter e a Pedra Filosofal incluindo os elementos relevantes da linguagem cinematográfica. A pesquisa teve como objetivo obter dados acerca dos benefícios do referido roteiro para a formação de imagens, conceitos e fruição da pessoa com deficiência visual. Assim como, a relevância da audiodescrição dos elementos cinematográficos para a melhor percepção e compreensão da obra fílmica. Podemos concluir, através dos depoimentos, que a linguagem fílmica com áudio-descrição contribui na formação de conceitos referentes à realidade e a ficção.
“No canto do mundo do capital”: sobre experiência, educação e arte
Authors: Cansi Lislaine Sirsi
Published: April 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão a partir de uma prática permeada pelo conceito de experiência e pela sensibilidade. Para isso, o conceito de experiência é revisitado em autores como Jorge Larrosa (2015), Walter Benjamin (1994) e John Dewey (2010; 2011) e a “educação (do) sensível” é fundamentada a partir da reflexão de João Francisco Duarte Júnior (2010), voltada aos campos da Educação e da Arte. A prática ocorreu em um shopping em busca de experiência, foi nomeada como “No canto do mundo do capital”, narrada no segundo momento do texto. Como fechamento, um eixo de sistematização da experiência relacionado aos aspectos sociais se desdobra para o campo da Arte, especificamente relacionado a categorias de obras dos artistas Andy Warhol (1928 – 1987), Maryam Jafri (1972), Andreas Gursky (1955), Albrecht Dürer (1471 – 1528), David Hockney (1937), Jeff Wall (1946), Nam June Paik (1932 – 2006) e Bruce Nauman (1941), e possibilita pensar em Educação. Nessa discussão, será estabelecida à prática uma relação teórico-reflexiva que a aponte como “experiência”.
Contribuição de atividade experimental na mudança conceitual de alunos superdotados
Authors: Martins Felipe Rodrigues , Delou Cristina Maria Carvalho , Cardoso Fernanda Serpa
Published: April 2020

REFERENCIAL: O comportamento de superdotação reflete interação entre capacidade acima da média, elevados níveis de criatividade e comprometimento com a tarefa. O atendimento, como forma de suplementação, pode ser feito através de atividades experimentais que conduzam a desestabilização, a reflexão crítica, a curiosidade, entre outras. OBJETIVO: Avaliar uma atividade pedagógica envolvendo experimentos químicos como ferramenta de atendimento à alunos superdotados. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Pesquisa participante qualitativa, realizada com aplicação de questionários semiestruturados. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram crianças e adolescentes, identificados como superdotados, atendidos pela Escola de Inclusão da Universidade Federal Fluminense, em atividade oferecida durante o IV Curso de Verão em 2016. As respostas dos pré-testes e pós-testes foram analisadas e categorizadas, pela comparação com gabarito predefinido. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: A transcrição de algumas respostas dos questionários ratifica a proposição de que a atividade experimental mediada pelo professor pode tanto promover a mudança conceitual como a apropriação de novos conceitos. Tal mudança corrobora para a desconstrução do mito de que o indivíduo superdotado não necessita de atendimento. CONCLUSÃO: Após a atividade, o percentual de participantes que demonstrou ter um conhecimento total sobre o assunto aumentou, bem como diminuiu o número de participantes que demonstrou ter conhecimento nulo.
Mulheres d’aqui/agora: um exercício de curadoria compartilhada com estudantes de Pedagogia
Authors: Sardelich Maria Emilia
Published: April 2020

Este artigo discute a questão da curadoria compartilhada na docência como uma prática coletiva de discentes/docentes, provocadora de sentidos e seus efeitos, para desacostumar noções estereotipadas sobre o processo pedagógico e seus disciplinares componentes curriculares. A partir do referencial metodológico da pesquisa narrativa, apresenta um projeto expositivo de arte contemporânea produzido por estudantes de Pedagogia, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), em 2018.  Indica as possibilidades de deslocamento dos espaços tradicionais para se aprender com e sobre arte, a escola e o museu, expandindo seus limites para as redes sociais, como também o exercício das funções artísticas de escolha e legitimação da produção artística contemporânea. Evidencia as possibilidades e potencialidades que a arte contemporânea produzida por mulheres pode ter para a formação e repertório cultural das estudantes. Conclui que a prática de curadoria compartilhada oferece meios alternativos para a produção do conhecimento, desarranjando uma noção de arte como atividade livre, autônoma, de um indivíduo superdotado, impulsionado por seus sentimentos sob a influência de prévios artistas, independente do manifesto jogo das variáveis classe, raça, gênero.
Sobre a necessidade da arte: uma abordagem Junguiana
Authors: Salles Filipe Mattos de
Published: April 2020

Este artigo se propõe a discutir a necessidade de produção e consumo de arte, e, portanto, razão ontológica pela qual a arte é parte fundamental de nossa sociedade, e por que sua manifestação é tão natural ao ponto de ser encontrada em praticamente todas as culturas com organização social, desde os mais remotos tempos. No desenvolvimento lógico desta questão, esta razão passa pela própria definição do que é arte, e, levando-se em conta as exaustivas tentativas de diversos autores em resolver sem sucesso a questão, optamos neste trabalho por abordar o tema através da psicologia junguiana e da filosofia platônica. O resultado é uma análise muito diferente do tratamento convencional dado ao tema, em que o objeto-arte é o centro das atenções. Aqui, o cerne do estudo é o resultado emotivo dado entre um sujeito e o objeto, sendo este o parâmetro que define o status de arte a um objeto qualquer.
Four- and six-hour urinary albumin excretion is a valuable alternative to 24-h urinary albumin excretion in male db/db mice
Authors: Nørgaard SA , Sand FW , Sørensen DB , Søndergaard H
Published: April 2020

In mouse (Mus musculus) models of diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most important read-outs is the 24-h urinary albumin excretion (UAE). The 24-h urine collection is usually performed by single housing mice in metabolic cages on wire mesh without enrichment. This is known to be stressful for the mice. Therefore, it was investigated if shorter urine collections would be sufficient to get reliable assessments of albuminuria. Twenty-one diabetic (C57BLKS-Leprdb/ db) and ten non-diabetic mice (C57BLKS-Leprdb/+) were placed in metabolic cages at 15 and 20 weeks of age (WoA) for 24 h. Urine samples were taken at 4, 6, 18 and 24 h and albumin and creatinine concentration were measured. Four- and 6-h UAE was found to correlate significantly with 24-h UAE. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between 24-h UAE and albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) in the 4-h sample. However, the strength of the correlation between ACR and 24-h UAE was weaker than between the 4- and 24-h UAE. This suggests that normalising to creatinine may not provide additional value to the 4-h urine collection. In conclusion, the strong correlation between 4- and 6-h UAE and 24-h UAE indicates that the collection period can be considerably reduced. This refinement could reduce stress and increase welfare of the db/db model and potentially be applied to other DN models.
Hor og sladder
Authors: Sørensen Karsten Merrald
Published: April 2020

I begyndelsen af 1600-tallet udspandt der sig en strid i Garding ved Ejdersted. Stridens parter var på den ene side borgeren Peter Thomsen, og på den anden side kirken og de lokale præster. Præsterne ville ikke lade Thomsen gå til alters og modtage nadveren, fordi han havde bedrevet hor. Derved havde han forbrudt sig mod det sjette bud. Den gottorpske hertug Johan Adolf var stærktinvolveret i sagen, idet han pålagde præsterne, at de skulle lade Thomsen modtage nadveren. I denne artikel analyseres sagsforløbet med et særligt fokus på forholdet mellem fyrstemagten og kirken få årtier efter at reformationen var gennemført i Danmark og hertugdømmerne.
Sydslesvigske børns ferierejser til Danmark 1949 til 1974
Authors: Iversen Marianne Brink Asvig
Published: April 2020

Siden 1919 er tusindvis af sydslesvigske børn sendt på sommerophold i Danmark, men hidtil er der ikke foretaget nogen systematisk undersøgelse af disse feriers betydning for børn og værtsforældre. I 2016 iværksatte jeg derfor en spørgeskemaundersøgelse, der skulle afdække, dels hvordan ferieopholdene blev oplevet af de implicerede, dels hvilke spor de havde sat sig på længeresigt. I denne artikel fremlægges resultaterne.
Super-resolution microscopy reveals coupling between mammalian centriole subdistal appendages and distal appendages
Authors: Chong Weng Man , Wang Won-Jing , Lo Chien-Hui , Chiu Tzu-Yuan , Chang Ting-Jui , Liu You-Pi , Tanos Barbara , Mazo Gregory , Tsou Meng-Fu Bryan , Jane Wann-Neng , Yang T Tony , Liao Jung-Chi
Published: April 2020

Subdistal appendages (sDAPs) are centriolar elements that are observed proximal to the distal appendages (DAPs) in vertebrates. Despite the obvious presence of sDAPs, structural and functional understanding of them remains elusive. Here, by combining super-resolved localization analysis and CRISPR-Cas9 genetic perturbation, we find that although DAPs and sDAPs are primarily responsible for distinct functions in ciliogenesis and microtubule anchoring, respectively, the presence of one element actually affects the positioning of the other. Specifically, we find dual layers of both ODF2 and CEP89, where their localizations are differentially regulated by DAP and sDAP integrity. DAP depletion relaxes longitudinal occupancy of sDAP protein ninein to cover the DAP region, implying a role of DAPs in sDAP positioning. Removing sDAPs alter the distal border of centrosomal γ-tubulins, illustrating a new role of sDAPs. Together, our results provide an architectural framework for sDAPs that sheds light on functional understanding, surprisingly revealing coupling between DAPs and sDAPs.
Shared ecological traits influence shape of the skeleton in flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes)
Authors: Black Corinthia R. , Berendzen Peter B.
Published: April 2020

In the age of phylogenetic comparative methods, evolutionary biologists have been able to explore evolutionary trends in form in unique and extraordinarily diverse groups of animals. Pleuronectiformes, commonly known as flatfishes, is a diverse and specialized order of fishes that have remarkable asymmetry induced by ocular migration and a benthic life style. Although flatfishes are unique from other fishes, species within the group are morphologically diverse. The origin of ocular migration has been a primary focus of research; however, little is known about overall shape diversification among the flatfishes. In this study, we use integrative methods to examine how body shape evolved within the flatfishes. Shape was quantified from X-rays using geometric morphometrics for 389 individuals across 145 species. The most recent and robust phylogeny was overlaid onto the morphospace and phylogenetic signal was calculated to ascertain convergence in the morphospace. In addition, phylogenetic linear models were employed to determine if ecological traits were correlated with shape and if size had an effect on overall body shape. Results revealed that the majority of variation evolved recently, within the past 15–10-million-years in the middle Miocene, and is highly variable within the flatfishes. These changes are best summarized by body depth, jaw length and medial fin length. Dorsal and anal fin length are correlated, which may be due to the unique mode of locomotion used by flatfishes. A phylogenetic linear model and phylomorphospace analysis suggested that several ecological traits are correlated with shape, which indicates an ecological role in the diversification of flatfishes.
Assess the Rural Youth Extent of Participation in Rural Developmental Activities Coimbatore District of Tamil Nadu - An Overview
Authors: Radhakrishnan P. , Asokhan M.
Published: April 2020

The extent of participation in rural developmental activities of rural youth in the development process is essential in order to bring the changes in socio-economic structure and improving the quality of life. The place of rural youth class is more peculiar and important for the future of country. Rural youth are the precious human assets who can play an important role in the development of agriculture and other allied activities. Youths can make their productive  contribution to national development and through which society can benefit from the idealism and the sense of dedication of youth at the same time, they also occasionally involved in extent of participation in rural developmental activities in a village side like village sanitation, construction of youth club building, afforestation activities and natural calamity relief work etc., Since such a kind of rural developmental activities are increases their self-esteem, self-confidence, motivation and aspiration to give them a sense of identity and of being needed by the society. India has rich rural youth potential. The population of rural youth in developmental activities contribute to national development. Hence, the above facts revealed that the participation of youth in rural development activities is very significant and essential phenomena. Therefore, this attempt was made in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu with the 200 sample size of rural youth respondents. Cent per cent of the respondents have taken up activities related with adult literacy programme, construction of school building, afforestation activities and other social cultural activities. With regard to the adult literacy programme most of the respondents (93.00 per cent) stated that they have regularly participated in the related activities. Almost a similar percentage of the respondents have also regularly participated in the activities related with social cultural programme (94.50 per cent), construction of school building (89.50 per cent), afforestation activities (87.50 per cent), whereas the other respondents have participated in the above activities either occasionally or rarely.
DEA allows buprenorphine inductions based on telephone only
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: April 2020

Last week, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) said opioid treatment programs (OTPs) and Drug Addiction Treatment Act (DATA)–waived prescribers can treat new patients with buprenorphine based on a telephone call only. The Controlled Substances Act (CSA), enforced by the DEA, requires all new patients being treated with controlled substances to have an in‐person — or, for now, telemedicine — physical exam. Now, however, because of the coexisting COVID‐19 pandemic and opioid overdose crisis, the DEA has dropped this requirement. This follows the decision of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) to allow exemptions from the OTP take‐home regulations allowing stable patients to be given 14 or 28 days of methadone doses, instead of coming in more frequently (see DEA, SAMHSA relax OTP/OBOT regulations due to COVID‐19, ADAW March 23, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.32664).
Tomographic Reconstruction and Analysis of a Silver CO2 Reduction Cathode
Authors: McLaughlin David , Bierling Markus , Moroni Riko , Vogl Christoph , Schmid Günter , Thiele Simon
Published: April 2020

Tomographic reconstruction has been well established as a valuable tool in the analysis of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC) electrodes. While forays have been made into applying it to polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer (PEMWE) electrodes, CO2 electrolyzer electrodes are still new ground. Here a tomographic analysis of an electrochemical CO2 reduction gas diffusion electrode by means of focused ion beam scanning electron microscope tomography is presented. The reconstruction shows a porosity of 68%. While most of the porosity is on the nanoscale, a broad tail of micropores is observed in the distribution. The spatial distribution of the pores is nonuniform. The large pores are concentrated in the center of the layer in the through‐plane direction. From the reconstruction, an effective diffusivity factor of 0.5 for the catalyst layer is calculated. The Knudsen number of 0.19 obtained from the later shows that the diffusion is mostly in the bulk regime. Flooding of the catalyst layer is likely to decrease the effective diffusivity factor substantially.
Tillage and legume non‐legume cover cropping effects on corn–soybean production
Authors: Singh Gurbir , Thilakarathne Ashani D. G. M. , Williard Karl W. J. , Schoonover Jon E. , Cook Rachel L. , Gage Karla L. , McElroy Randy
Published: April 2020

Cover crops (CCs) are promoted in agricultural systems because of multi‐functionality claims of CCs increasing soil health, improving nutrient management, and enhancing crop yields. However, the adoption of CCs by farmers remains marginal in the United States because of the direct increase in the cost of planting and potential interference of CCs with grain crop production. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of CC and noCC rotations; corn (Zea mays L.) −cereal rye (Secale cereale L.)−soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]−hairy vetch (Vicia villosa R.) [CcrShv], corn−cereal rye−soybean−oat+radish (Avena sativa L.+Raphanus sativus L.) [CcrSor], and corn−noCC−soybean−noCC [CncSnc] and two tillage systems [no‐tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT)] on aboveground plant attributes including dry matter yield, C/N ratio, N uptake, and crop yields. Rotation with hairy vetch as a preceding CC (CcrShv) increased corn grain yield by 14.09 and 12.35% compared to rotations having noCC and oat+radish as preceding CCs in one of the years, respectively. Nitrogen uptake by cereal rye preceding soybean in CcrShv and CcrSor was 16−20 kg ha−1 greater compared to winter weeds in CncSnc. Higher C/N ratio of cereal rye resulted in immobilizing N. Soybean yields for both CC treatments with NT and CT were 0.3−0.6 Mg ha−1 reduced compared to noCC. Our results indicated that hairy vetch was better than oat+radish for supplying additional N to corn thereby improving corn yields. However, cereal rye preceding soybean may negatively impact soybean yields.
Endonasal instrumentation and aerosolization risk in the era of COVID‐19: simulation, literature review, and proposed mitigation strategies
Authors: Workman Alan D. , Welling D. Bradley , Carter Bob S. , Curry William T. , Holbrook Eric H. , Gray Stacey T. , Scangas George A. , Bleier Benjamin S.
Published: April 2020

Background

International experience with coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19) suggests it poses a significant risk of infectious transmission to skull base surgeons, due to high nasal viral titers and the unknown potential for aerosol generation during endonasal instrumentation. The purpose of this study was to simulate aerosolization events over a range of endoscopic procedures to obtain an evidence‐based aerosol risk assessment.

Methods

Aerosolization was simulated in a cadaver using fluorescein solution (0.2 mg per 10 mL) and quantified using a blue‐light filter and digital image processing. Outpatient sneezing during endoscopy was simulated using an intranasal atomizer in the presence or absence of intact and modified surgical mask barriers. Surgical aerosolization was simulated during nonpowered instrumentation, suction microdebrider, and high‐speed drilling after nasal fluorescein application.

Results

Among the outpatient conditions, a simulated sneeze event generated maximal aerosol distribution at 30 cm, extending to 66 cm. Both an intact surgical mask and a modified VENT mask (which enables endoscopy) eliminated all detectable aerosol spread. Among the surgical conditions, cold instrumentation and microdebrider use did not generate detectable aerosols. Conversely, use of a high‐speed drill produced significant aerosol contamination in all conditions tested.

Conclusion

We confirm that aerosolization presents a risk to the endonasal skull base surgeon. In the outpatient setting, use of a barrier significantly reduces aerosol spread. Cold surgical instrumentation and microdebrider use pose significantly less aerosolization risk than a high‐speed drill. Procedures requiring drill use should carry a special designation as an “aerosol‐generating surgery” to convey this unique risk, and this supports the need for protective personal protective equipment.
The use of 5‐fluorouracil in the prevention of tendon adhesions: A systematic review
Authors: Nazifi Omid , Stuart Andrew L. , Nikkhah Dariush
Published: April 2020

Background

This systematic review aims to study the effectiveness of 5‐fluorouracil (5FU) in the reduction of tendon adhesions postsurgical repair.

Method

A systematic review was performed involving four databases, Cochrane, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase, looking for evidence of at least Level I or Level II (according to NHMRC) in the use of 5FU in tendon repairs in human or animal studies.

Results

Across the four databases 546 articles were identified. Of these 12 were identified as relevant, with a further two being excluded after in depth review.

Conclusions

Nine of the 10 studies showed that 5FU was effective at reducing tendon adhesions in their respective animal studies. One of the 10 studies showed no significant change compared to the control group.
Copper sulfate as additive for Fe3O4 electrodes of rechargeable Ni–Fe batteries
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Dong Huichao , Song Yanhua , Zhang Linsen , Wang Shuai
Published: April 2020

CuSO4·5H2O was used as an additive for paste Fe3O4 electrode by a simple physical mixing method. The results of cyclic voltammetry and energy dispersive spectroscopy tests confirm that during the initial charge, copper sulfate could be converted to metallic Cu with uniform distribution in the electrode and stable during normal charge–discharge cycles. Compared with the electrode without the additive, the discharge capacity of the one with 5‐wt% CuSO4·5H2O increases from 483 to 513 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 90 mAh·g−1 and from 147 to 221 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 900 mAh·g−1, respectively. After 50 cycles at a current density of 225 mAh·g−1, its capacity retention rate is 85.7%, but it is only 42.4% for the electrode without the additive. Combined with the results of powder X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy tests, the improvement in high‐power and cycle performance of the Fe3O4 electrodes might be due to the obvious depassivation caused by metallic Cu.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Difunctionalization of C=N Bond of Azaarenes or Imines to Quinazolinones
Authors: Zhou Xibing , Ding Yongzheng , Huang Hanmin
Published: April 2020

Supporting information for this article is given via a link at the end of the document. By intercepting the acylpalladium species with C=N bond of azaarenes or imines other than free amines or alcohols, the difunctionalization of C=N bond was established via palladium‐catalyzed carbonylation/nucleophilic addition sequence. This method is compatible with a diverse range of azaarenes and imines and allows for the efficient synthesis of a wide range of quinazolinones and derivatives. The synthetic utility has been demonstrated by one‐step synthesis of evodiamine and its analogue with inexpensive starting materials.
Distributed model predictive control with guaranteed performance for reconfigurable power flow systems based on passivity
Authors: He Ye , Li Shaoyuan
Published: April 2020

This paper presents a passivity‐based distributed model predictive control algorithm that can provide minimum performance bound on power flow systems. The dynamics of large‐scale power flow systems can be described by the transportation, conversion, and storage of energy among and across subsystems. By strategically choosing a passive output for each subsystem and augmenting each local model predictive controller with a special passivity constraint, the passivity property of each closed‐loop subsystem can be guaranteed; in addition, the corresponding passivity index can be characterized by the designed parameters of the local controller. The passivity‐preserving coupling between subsystems can be utilized to maintain passivity and the stability properties of the overall system. Moreover, the passivity index of the overall system can be characterized by the transition of passivity indices of subsystems based on interconnection topology. Based on the passivity index, the minimum performance bound of the overall power flow system can be characterized. Even if the structure of the power flow system changes, the entire system can remain stable and achieve a certain performance level. Simulation results of a fluid tank system show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Tracking Subtle Membrane Disruptions with a Tethered Photoacid
Authors: Amdursky Nadav , Lin Yiyang
Published: April 2020

Fluorescent dyes are common tools for tracking biological membranes. In this work, we introduce a new ratiometric fluorescent probe for membranes based on a surface‐sensitive photoacid. As all other probes, it lights up within membranes, and furthermore, it has different ratios of fluorescent peaks for different membranes. The main unique feature of the probe is its ability to sense events taking place in the membrane far away from its actual location. This is due to the photoacidity of the probe, and the associated kinetics of its excited‐state proton release and capture that are highly sensitive to the lateral proton diffusion on the surface of the membrane. We show here that minor disruptions to the membrane integrity, induced by the Triton X‐100 surfactant at low concentration (surfactant:lipid ratio of 0.02), can be sensed by our probe using steady‐state fluorescence, while other probes are invisible to them. Time‐resolved fluorescence reveals that the surfactant insertion affects the lateral proton diffusion and accordingly the measured proton recombination of the photoacid.