bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scan speed affects quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography vascular metrics
Authors: Vidal-Oliver Lourdes , Herzig-de Almeida Elisa , Spissinger Sabrina , Dolz-Marco Rosa , Finger Robert P.
Published: November 2024

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) offers the possibility of obtaining objective quantification of retinal vasculature, with increasing utility as biomarkers for both systemic and ocular diseases. However, the differences between different manufacturers and scan settings are still an important limitation, as many parameters could affect vessel quantification. Here we aim to study the influence of scan speed on quantitative vascular parameters using OCTA. 57 eyes in good retinal health received two consecutive 20 × 20° macular OCTA scans using SPECTRALIS SHIFT at different scan speeds: 85 and 125 kHz. Vessel density (VD) and vessel length density (VLD) in both the superficial (SVP) and deep vascular plexus (DVP), duration of the scan and Q-value were compared between scanning speeds. OCTA images taken at 85 kHz showed significantly higher VD and VLD values (% reduction in SVP: VD -4.03% to -5.8%, VLD − 4.96% to -6.07%; in DVP: VD -3.35% to -6.58%, VLD − 3.60% to -6.66%). At 125 kHz, acquisition time was reduced by 22%, but Q-values were lower (34.1 vs. 35.6). Thus, while higher A-scan rates reduce acquisition time, they lower VD and VLD in both plexus. Further studies in eyes with pathology are needed to better understand the magnitude of these changes.
Actual usage assessment among cloud storage consumers in the Philippines using a machine learning ensemble approach
Authors: Ong Ardvin Kester S. , Altes Gerlyn C. , German Josephine D.
Published: November 2024

Cloud storage has been widely considered among developed and developing countries due to its ability to provide a platform for large data and information storage. Developing countries like the Philippines have started using this storage and have only since considered the free services. With the aim to understand utility for development and continuous patronage, there has been lacking evidence in the intention and actual use of cloud storages. The need for study is evident to promote and develop concrete strategies for cloud storage uptake, even if payment is needed for extra storage. This study analyzed the antecedents of actual use behavior of cloud storage in a developing country like the Philippines using a machine learning ensemble (MLE). With 616 valid responses, a total of 33,264 datasets were processed to analyze the actual use of cloud storage among Filipinos, measured using the integrated extended technology acceptance model and valence framework. With an average accuracy of 93% and 90% for the MLE considered, results have presented consistent output of voluntariness, subjective norm, perceived benefit, perceived usefulness, and perceived ubiquity to be contributing factors affecting actual use behavior. It could be posited that both personal and professional usage of cloud storage has been considered by users. In addition, due to people’s readiness to use technology nowadays, the adoption of which is relatively convenient for them. Evident from the findings, further technological infrastructure is needed to be enhanced in the country for a more positive continuous intention. Therefore, the application of the integrated framework may be used and expanded for other technology utilities in different countries. Lastly, practical and managerial insights were built on the results to provide strategies and development needed for marketing, utility, and application.
Plasmodium berghei liver stage parasites exploit host GABARAP proteins for TFEB activation
Authors: Schmuckli-Maurer Jacqueline , Bindschedler Annina F. , Wacker Rahel , Würgler Oliver M. , Rehmann Ruth , Lehmberg Timothy , Murphy Leon O. , Nguyen Thanh N. , Lazarou Michael , Monfregola Jlenia , Ballabio Andrea , Heussler Volker T.
Published: November 2024

Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, infects hepatocytes prior to establishing a symptomatic blood stage infection. During this liver stage development, parasites reside in a parasitophorous vacuole (PV), whose membrane acts as the critical interface between the parasite and the host cell. It is well-established that host cell autophagy-related processes significantly impact the development of Plasmodium liver stages. Expression of genes related to autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis is orchestrated by transcription factor EB (TFEB). In this study, we explored the activation of host cell TFEB in Plasmodium berghei-infected cells during the liver stage of the parasite. Our results unveiled a critical role of proteins belonging to the Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein subfamily (GABARAP) of ATG8 proteins (GABARAP/L1/L2 and LC3A/B/C) in recruiting the TFEB-blocking FLCN-FNIP (Folliculin-Folliculin-interacting protein) complex to the PVM. Remarkably, the sequestration of FLCN-FNIP resulted in a robust activation of TFEB, reliant on conjugation of ATG8 proteins to single membranes (CASM) and GABARAP proteins. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into host cell signaling occurring at the PVM, shedding light on the complex interplay between Plasmodium parasites and the host cell during the liver stage of infection.
Visible-light-induced cascade chromone cyclization/chalcogenation to access 3-chalcogenyl-chromones using elemental sulfur/selenium
Authors: Guo Tao , Gao Chuanhu , Li Zhonghui , Hu Penghua , Chen Huan , Han Shulei , Zhao Yunhui , Zhu Congjun
Published: November 2024

An unprecedented photoredox-induced radical cascade for the synthesis of 3-chalcogenyl-chromones has been developed, which featured by wide substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.
Near-IR absorbing tetraene-linked π-conjugated porous polymers for energy storage and electrical conductivity
Authors: Venkatareddy Vinutha K. , Parsimehr Hamidreza , Ignaszak Anna , M Rajeswara Rao
Published: November 2024

Tetraene-linked diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based CMPs were developed via Knoevenagel condensation. The CMP has been characterized with NIR absorption (∼1200 nm) and high electrical conductivity (0.2 S m−1).
Ring expansion of 3-hydroxyoxindoles to 4-quinolones via palladium-catalyzed C–C(acyl) bond cleavage
Authors: Huang Zhi-Cong , Ruan Zhi-Ling , Xu Hui , Dai Hui-Xiong
Published: November 2024

We report herein the construction of 4-quinolones via palladium-catalyzed regioselective β-acyl elimination of 3- hydroxyoxindoles and a subsequent Camps cyclization process.
Recent advances in nanomaterial-enabled chemiresistive hydrogen sensors
Authors: Liu Yao Yang , Li Zhong , Liang Yi , Tang Tao , Zhuang Jing Hao , Zhang Wen Ji , Zhang Bao Yue , Ou Jian Zhen
Published: November 2024

We provide a comprehensive overview of the latest research progress and development strategies for high-performance chemiresistive H2 sensors, highlighting the enhancement strategies that have been employed to improve sensor performance.
Ca3Al2B8O18: borate with a graphene-like layer featuring two types of topological six-membered rings induced by [AlO4] units
Authors: Yan Ziting , Chu Dongdong , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie , Zhang Min
Published: November 2024

A SBBO-type borate, Ca3Al2B8O18, with a graphene-like layer consisting of new topological six-membered rings, was successfully fabricated by introducing [AlO4] units.
Functionalized quinolones and isoquinolones via 1,2-difunctionalization of arynes: synthesis of antagonist agent AS2717638 and floxacin key intermediates
Authors: Mahale Sachin D. , Prasad Anamika , Mhaske Santosh B.
Published: November 2024

Demonstrated herein is a switchable approach for selective synthesis of quinolones and isoquinolones via 1,2-difunctionalization of arynes and its application in the synthesis of antagonist agent AS2717638 and floxacin key intermediates.
New Frontiers in phosphorothioate formation: harnessing inorganic phosphorus sources
Authors: He Jiawei , Zhou Xuesi , Wan Zixuan , Cao Hua , Liu Xiang
Published: November 2024

This review highlights the latest advancements in the synthesis of phosphorothioates and their derivatives from inorganic phosphorus sources, focusing on their applicability, mechanisms, current limitations, and potential future directions.
Exploring flexibility in molecular crystals: bending responses to light and mechanical stress
Authors: Kusumoto Sotaro , Kim Yang
Published: November 2024

This review aims to elucidate the mechanisms governing the flexibility of crystals that respond to both light and mechanical stimuli.
Population transfer between degenerate continuum states via impulsive stimulated Raman scattering: application to the control of HOD photofragmentation
Authors: Cin Pietro Dal , Henriksen Niels E.
Published: November 2024

Impulsive stimulated Raman scattering leads to population transfer between degenerate continuum states and control over the branching ratio between OD + H or OH + D in the photofragmentation of HOD.
Inversion of circularly polarized luminescence by electric current flow during transition
Authors: Imayoshi Ayumi , Fujio Shinya , Nagaya Yuuki , Sakai Misato , Terazawa Atsushi , Sakura Misa , Okada Keita , Kimoto Takahiro , Mori Tadashi , Imai Yoshitane , Hada Masahiko , Tsubaki Kazunori
Published: November 2024

The substitution position on (S)-binaphthol derivatives reverses the current-flow rotation during transitions, altering the orientation of the magnetic dipole moment (m) and reversing the sign of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL).
The stability of CsGeX3 (X = I, Br, Cl) selectively tuned by the crystal structures and halide ions as inferred from the calculated phonon spectrum
Authors: Huang Tengcheng , Zhang Zheyu , Liang Baoyun , Li Ang , Xu Xin , Gao Yujia , Wu Zhuxia , Li Haiyan , Yuan Fei , Liu Pengyi , Shi Tingting , Xie Weiguang
Published: November 2024

Evaluation structural stability of Pm3̄m-CsGeX3 and R3m-CsGeX3 (X = Cl, Br, I). R3m-CsGeX3 shows superior stability, modulated by halogen type.
Investigation of oxidation–reduction processes of nickel hydroxide precipitation and their carbothermical reduction
Authors: Bohatyrenko Viktoriia , Kamenskyh Dmytro , Jafarov Maarif , Tkachenko Tetiana , Yevdokymenko Vitalii
Published: November 2024

Most of the known methods for the chemical production of nickel nano- and microparticles, nickel oxides and hydroxides use various reducing agents and solvents, which are often toxic to the environment.
The C–H···S–S hydrogen bonding in diethyl disulfide⋯difluoromethane: a combined microwave spectroscopic and computational study
Authors: Lv Wenqi , Huang Jinxi , Huang Haiying , Wang Liuting , Yang Tingting , Feng Gang
Published: November 2024

The rotational spectroscopy of the diethyl disulfide and CH2F2 complex reveals the bonding feature of the C–H⋯S–S hydrogen bond and its predominant role in stabilizing the complex.
Lanthanide chloride clusters, LnxCl3x+1−, x = 1–6: an ion mobility and DFT study of isomeric structures and interconversion timescales
Authors: Nakajima Yuto , Weis Patrick , Weigend Florian , Lukanowski Marcel , Misaizu Fuminori , Kappes Manfred M.
Published: November 2024

Combination of ion mobility spectrometry and quantum chemical calculations reveals structures of lanthanide chloride clusters.
A practical approach to quantitative analytical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Xu Yikai , Aljuhani Wafaa , Zhang Yingrui , Ye Ziwei , Li Chunchun , Bell Steven E. J.
Published: November 2024

The high sensitivity, molecular specificity and speed of analysis make SERS an attractive analytical technique. This review draws out the underlying principles for analytical SERS and provides practical tips and tricks for SERS quantitation.
An oxycarbide-derived-carbon supported nickel ferrite/copper tungstate ternary composite for enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Sanket Kumar , Kumar Uttam , Sinha Indrajit , Behera Shantanu K.
Published: November 2024

This work integrates a unique porous carbon with a binary heterostructured NiFe2O4/CuWO4 composite to enhance electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen evolution reaction.
Error compensated MOF-based ReRAM array for encrypted logical operations
Authors: Bachinin Semyon V. , Rzhevskiy Sergey S. , Sergeev Ivan , Povarov Svyatoslav A. , Kulakova Alena N. , Lubimova Anastasia , Kharitonova Varvara , Milichko Valentin A.
Published: November 2024

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) form a unique platform for operation with data using ReRAM technology.
Enhancement of silymarin solubility and bioactivities using betaine/ascorbyl glucoside DES
Authors: Li Yuanbin , Wu Yi , Chen Haowei , Han Bao , Ruan Bo , Zhong Xiaoyu , Li Shanshan , Chen Yifan , Peng Tao , Zhang Jiaheng , Wang Fang
Published: November 2024

Betaine/ascorbyl glucoside (Bet/AA-2G) deep eutectic solvents (DES) composed of betaine and ascorbyl glucoside have been successfully used to improve the solubility of silymarin in this study.
Selective highly sensitive gas sensing by using the BeP2C monolayer: a theoretical study
Authors: Yuan Xiaobo , Xie Weiyu , Yong Yongliang , Xu Lu , Wu Daoxiong
Published: November 2024

The BeP2C monolayer can be used as a work function sensor for NO, effectively detecting NO at room temperature, NO2 at 400 K, and being suitable for SO2 capture, providing a preliminary theoretical basis for future research and applications.
Chemical substitution towards a rare-earth borate ultraviolet NLO crystal exhibiting a strong SHG response
Authors: Kong Xianghao , Chai Jing , Zhao Huijian , Ye Ning , Hu Zhanggui , Wu Yicheng , Li Conggang
Published: November 2024

A rare earth borate UV NLO crystal, K7.5Lu2.5B15O30, was obtained through a chemical substitution strategy. This crystal exhibits a strong SHG response and a short UV cut-off edge.
High-performance Rh@MgO catalysts for complete dehydrogenation of hydrazine borane: a comparative study
Authors: Bulut Ahmet , Erkartal Mustafa , Yurderi Mehmet , Top Tuba , Zahmakiran Mehmet
Published: November 2024

Rh@MgO catalyzes hydrazine borane dehydrogenation with 100% H2 selectivity and a TOF of 2005.34 h−1 at 50 °C, demonstrating excellent performance at low Rh content for cost-effective industrial use.
Magneto-optical response and luminescence properties of lanthanide–titanium–oxo clusters Eu2Ti7 and Sm2Ti7
Authors: Liu Wei-Dong , Xu Han , Li Chong-Yang , Long La-Sheng , Zheng Lan-Sun , Kong Xiang-Jian
Published: November 2024

Three isostructural lanthanide–titanium–oxo clusters, Ln2Ti7 (Ln = La, Sm, Eu), were synthesized. Eu2Ti7 exhibits a strong magnetic circularly polarized luminescence response, while Sm2Ti7 shows near-infrared magnetic circular dichroism response.
Near-infrared II photochromic behavior triggered by green light in an in situ protonated dithienylethene functionalized by quinoxalinone moieties
Authors: Li Ziyong , Song Jinzhao , Wang Qilian , Feng Yongliang , Song Qingxin , Wang Sixin , Nie Qianqian , He Fan , Zhang Haining , Guo Hui
Published: November 2024

A novel quinoxalinone-functionalized A–D–A type DTE is developed. Its protonated derivative displays an unprecedented green light-triggered NIR II photochromism in the presence of TFA, which is the first case of NIR II photochromic DTE.
Highly flexible hybrid devices enabled by Ag-decorated ZnCo2O4 electrodes
Authors: Sun Xingjie , Zhang Wei-chao , Wu Xiang
Published: November 2024

We synthesize Ag-ZnCo2O4 composites with a unique mesoporous structure by a hydrothermal strategy. The assemble asymmetric SCs deliver a specific capacity of 253.33 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1.
Active packaging films based on the nanoform of chitin, alginate, and layered double hydroxides: characterization, mechanical properties, permeability, and bioactive properties
Authors: Hasanin Mohamed S. , Hassan Youssef R. , Youssef Ahmed M.
Published: November 2024

Owing to their unique characteristics, plastic films are frequently utilised for packaging products.
Comparative evaluation of melt- vs. solution-printed poly(ε-caprolactone)/hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications
Authors: Gharacheh Hadis , Abaci Alperen , Alkhoury Keven , Choudhury Ediha , Liaw Chya-Yan , Chester Shawn A. , Guvendiren Murat
Published: November 2024

Solution and melt 3D printing techniques were compared for fabricating PCL/HA scaffolds. Solution printing resulted in porous, rougher scaffolds, while melt printing produced stiffer scaffolds with enhanced bone formation.
How smectic-A and smectic-C liquid crystals resolve confinement-induced frustration in spherical shells
Authors: Sharma Anjali , Magrini Mitchell , Han Yucen , Walba David M. , Majumdar Apala , Lagerwall Jan P. F.
Published: November 2024

The geometrical frustration known to generate a spherical lune texture in SmA shells is largely relieved in SmC, thanks to the freedom of the director to rotate on the tilt cone. SmC shell lunes are thus twice as wide and half as many.
Social Capital and Household Willingness to Pay for Improved Household Waste Management: A Contingent Valuation Method
Authors: Saptutyningsih Endah , Amalia Intan
Published: November 2024

Sustainability in environmental practices depend on better household waste management, and environmental policy planning needs to take into account the variables affecting residents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for waste management. This research aims to measure the amount of WTP to improve waste management at Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. With the goal of improving home waste management, this study explores how residents’ WTP is shaped by social capital, a multifaceted notion that includes social networks and trust as well as the socio-demographic aspects. To calculate residents’ WTP for waste management, the study used the contingent valuation technique (CVM). We investigated the effects of social capital on residents’ willingness to engage using a logistic regression mode. According to the findings, 64% of residents were prepared to make a monetary contribution toward the waste management process. The research results show that the WTP value is “IDR 16,500”. The important role that social capital plays in influencing WTP in the context of better household waste management is highlighted by this study’s result. By taking social capital’s effects and dimensions into account, it offers policymakers important insights for creating waste management policies that work better. This research contributes to the literature by highlighting the environmental and health risks of pollution caused by landfill.
Global Sustainable Challenges, Local Solutions: Paradiplomacy and Waste Management in Cirebon
Authors: Affandi Roseno Aji , Utami Putri
Published: November 2024

This article analyzes the role of paradiplomacy in addressing global sustainable challenges such as waste management at the local level, with a focus on the Cirebon case. The research attempts to learn more about the role of the city government of Cirebon as a subnational actor in dealing with the issue of waste management by working with the UCLG ASPAC through the CRIC program which is a form of paradiplomacy of the Cirebon government with international organizations. This study uses the theory of paradiplomacy with the aim of finding out the increasing role of subnational actors in dealing with problems in their city. This research used qualitative methods with primary data from interviews and secondary data from books, reports, and previous research. According to this study First, local governments’ active participation in international diplomacy can increase resources and solutions. Second, cross-border collaboration with international organizations helps solve difficult problems like waste management.
Sustainable Institutional Model for Biogas Development in Smart Village Society: Enhancing the Sustainable Energy Pathways in Yogyakarta
Authors: Rachmawatie Dessy , Ibrahim Ilham Syahputra Diasanto
Published: November 2024

This study aims to identify critical variables, actors, and policies that encourage the sustainability of biogas development in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province. Energy is divided into nonrenewable energy and renewable energy, where renewable energy, such as biogas, offers environmentally friendly and sustainable solutions to reduce dependence on conventional energy, such as oil and coal. The research method used is a mixed method that involves data collection techniques such as open interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with stakeholders who have authority or knowledge about sustainable biogas development. Data analysis was carried out using MACTOR (Matrix of Alliance, Conflicts, Tactics Objectives and Recommendations) analysis and evidence-based policy analysis. The results of the study show that the main variables that encourage the sustainability of biogas development are the country’s energy security conditions facing scarcity of energy supply and price increases, support from the central and local governments through simplified regulations and investment permits, and standardization of biogas support facilities. The actors who have the most significant influence are the Rumah Energi Foundation (YRE) and the PUP-ESDM Office, while the public shows a high dependence on these actors. Evidence-based policies emphasize the need for central and local governments to immediately make policies to accelerate the development of new and renewable energy. In conclusion, the sustainability of biogas development in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province is greatly influenced by energy security conditions, regulatory support, and the involvement of key actors, with policy recommendations that emphasize the acceleration of renewable energy development.
Determinants of Food Consumer Satisfaction in Online Marketplaces: The Influence of Website Quality, Product, Price, Responsiveness, and Service
Authors: Saffana Aprila , Akhmadi Heri
Published: November 2024

Recently, there has been a growing trend of selling food products online through marketplaces. Consumer satisfaction plays a crucial role in supporting the sustainability of online food businesses. This study investigated the roles of website quality, product quality, price, responsiveness, and service on consumer satisfaction with food products on Bedukmutu—an online marketplace. A 5-point Likert scale, Spearman’s rank correlation, and ordinal logistic regression were employed to explore consumer satisfaction and identify the factors correlating with and influencing consumer satisfaction with online food products. The results revealed that product quality, price, and service significantly affected consumer satisfaction with online food products in the marketplace.
The Efficiency of Environmentally Friendly Shallots Marketing Channels in Kulon Progo Regency
Authors: Kamardiani Diah Rina , Nugroho Tabah , Ekowati Titik
Published: November 2024

Farmers in Sentolo, Kulon Progo Regency have farmed shallots using environmentally friendly cultivation systems. Unfortunately, the farmers have weak bargaining positions, so they receive a low farmer’s share. The research aimed to determine the channels, margins, and marketing efficiency. The respondents were 38 farmers and 42 traders. The results showed that one channel was sold to the local consumer market and seven channels were sold to the consumer market in the southern part of Central Java, West Java, and DKI Jakarta. The highest marketing cost was IDR 4,064/kg sold on the Cikarang retail market channel. The highest marketing margin was IDR 16,996/kg sold in the Kramatjati and Cikarang markets with a marketing profit of IDR 13,456/kg. Farmer’s share was greater than 40 percent in the local market which was directly sold to Kulon Progo consumers, Banyumas and Bandung consumer markets. However, the sales volume of the local market was low. The low farmer’s share was in the consumer market in Klaten and DKI Jakarta. A lower technical efficiency value (IET) was found in Bandung consumer market channel. Meanwhile, the value of Economic Efficiency (IEE) of the local market channel, and Bandung consumer market was more efficient than other channels.
Enhancing Soil Stability: The Impact of Rice Husk Ash on Expansive Soil Behavior
Authors: Rahaja Nikita , Kumar Gupta Ashok , Kanwar Kushal
Published: November 2024

Expansive soils, such as black cotton soils, are characterized by their pronounced vulnerability to swelling and shrinking caused by fluctuations in moisture levels. Such activity gives rise to worries over the longevity of constructions constructed on such soils, as they frequently undergo substantial expansion and contraction. Road surfaces, whether paved or unpaved, built on these expansive soil subgrades often experience problems such as potholes, cracking, wheel path rutting, heave and differential settlements Furthermore, apart from the difficulties presented by expanding soils, there is an escalating global issue with the proper management of waste materials produced by diverse operations. These waste materials not only exacerbate significant environmental problems but also require extensive acreage for proper disposal. Among the waste materials generated by the combustion husk of rice is rice husk ash (RHA). The incorporation of RHA as an additive in expansive soils might effectively mitigate their swelling and shrinkage characteristics, while simultaneously tackling the environmental and disposal issues linked to the ash. The present work reports, the findings of an empirical inquiry undertaken to examine the influence of RHA on the compaction, shrinkage, and swelling properties of expansive soil. Various amounts of RHA were mixed with soil in the study, and tests including Atterberg limit, free swell index, light compaction, California bearing ratio and unconsolidated undrained triaxial compression tests were conducted. The findings indicate that introducing RHA in suitable ratios not just significantly decreases the shrinkage and swelling characteristics of expansive soil but aa well as improves its stability
Comparative analysis of asphalt binder modified with HDPE and LDPE: Rheological and compatibility perspectives
Authors: Nisar Jasim , Mir Mohammad Shafi , Vivek
Published: November 2024

The performance enhancement of asphalt binders by incorporating polyethylene has been a subject of significant research for scientists working on flexible pavements and environmental sustainability. Various types of polyethylene (PE), including low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), are utilized in asphalt binders. To fully leverage the benefits of PE, it is crucial to verify its characteristics. This study investigates asphalt performance using LDPE and HDPE modifiers. The impact of different types of polyethylene on the performance of asphalt was examined through conventional properties and rheological properties such as Penetration, softening point, ductility, rotational viscosity, failing temperature as well as Superpave rutting parameter (G*/sinδ). Storage stability criteria and microscopic characterization were employed to access compatibility. The findings revealed that both the LDPE and HDPE have a good impact on high-temperature characteristics of asphalt binder; however, among the tested samples, HDPE-modified asphalt exhibited the highest G*/sinδ, and viscosity, making it a superior choice for improving rutting resistance. The LDPE shows greater storage stability compared to HDPE, making it particularly suitable for application in asphalt binders.
Investigations into aerodynamics of tall buildings using signal processing tools
Authors: Chaturvedi Arjit , Mohan Keerthana , Darshyamkar Renuka , Harikrishna Pabbisetty
Published: November 2024

In rapidly expanding urban environments, the construction of tall, sky-piercing buildings is essential. These slender structures have low resonant frequencies and minimal damping, making them particularly susceptible to lateral loads, such as wind load. Understanding wind-induced loads and building responses remains in a relatively nascent stage within structural engineering. This paper investigates surface pressures obtained from wind tunnel testing of a CAARC model building using advanced signal processing techniques, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA). By applying PCA, six dominant pressure modes of the were identified, capturing 80% of the total variance representing the dominant dynamic behaviour while reducing dimensionality. This reduction process is essential for simplifying complex and random field data sets while preserving significant patterns and trends. ICA further isolated independent sources of variability, providing insights into the underlying physical processes affecting the building. The ability of ICA to separate these independent components allows for a clearer understanding of the individual influences of different wind load factors. Through comprehensive PSD analysis, we identified dominant frequencies associated with the wind load factors, linking them to specific wind load mechanisms and their effects on building oscillations. PSD results were consistent with existing literature, confirming the presence of low-frequency oscillations around 10 Hz, which are characteristic of vortex-induced vibrations in tall buildings. This comparison highlights the accuracy and applicability of our methods, reinforcing the potential of these techniques for improving predictive models.
Innovative Approaches to Energy-Efficient Insulation in Building Construction
Authors: Chauhan Aravind , Sunil B.D.Y. , V Revathi , Manideep B. , Singh Navdeep , Prakash Akula
Published: November 2024

There has been an increasing number of pressures on the construction sector, one of the cornerstones of economic development in emerging countries, to adopt sustainable practices in order to remain competitive. As the need for cost reduction in thermal energy storage (TES) technology grows, energy efficiency becomes increasingly important. Two methods of insulating TES systems are assessed: powders that are evacuated and materials that are placed to the outer of the storage. The goal of this research is to improve building energy efficiency via the development of novel construction materials and techniques. There is a growing trend to replace traditional glass with transparent wood because its optical transparency and thermal insulation qualities are superior to those of glass. Moreover, developments in protective materials, such as rice straw-based thermal insulation and nanomaterials-based solutions, could help to reduce the amount of energy used by reducing the energy consumption of buildings. Energy efficiency can also be enhanced through novel approaches such as 3D printing of nanocomposites and thermal energy storage systems. Sustainable building practices are essential to addressing global energy challenges since they provide economic and environmental benefits.
Investigation of Parametric Stability of Geogrid Reinforced Earth Walls and Assessment of Tyreshred-Sand Mixture as a Backfill Material
Authors: Afrin Ansari Shefta , Pandya Saloni
Published: November 2024

The construction of mechanically stabilized earth walls (MSEW) has become increasingly popular, especially in road and railway infrastructure projects. MSEW provides several advantages over typical retaining walls, including ease of construction, low cost, and low environmental impact. This study has been divided into two parts. The first part focuses on the parametric analysis of a Geogrid Reinforced Earth Wall (GREW), evaluating the influence of various parameters such as height, type of reinforcement, tensile strength of reinforcement, type of backfill, type of foundation soil, and water table fluctuation on the stability of GREW. The second part assesses the use of a rubber tire and sand mixture as a potential backfill material for GREW. This material was chosen because it has been found to outperform other typical materials such as crushed rock, sand, or gravel. The stability of GREW concerning parametric studies and using a sand and shredded rubber tire mix as backfill is analyzed for internal and external stability using the GEO-5 software. Overall, the study provides distinctive insights into the design and analysis of GREW, which might be useful for civil engineers and researchers working in retaining wall applications. The study's findings can assist in improving the safety and durability of retaining walls in various civil engineering applications.
Design Optimization Method and Application of High-Efficiency and Variable-Pitch Axial Flow Fan
Authors: Lee Chan , Yang Sang Ho , Lee Sang Yeol
Published: November 2024

This paper describes servo motor–driven variable-pitch axial flow fan, and its optimal design method, process and application results for improving the efficiency of the variable-pitch fan. The design program for constructing axial flow fan geometry is developed by combining fan blade section design and through-flow performance prediction methods. The optimization technique of this study is Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm which is combined with the design program to find optimal design values of blade setting angles, camber angles and chord lengths, and then to maximize the fan efficiency. The axial flow fan obtained in this optimization study shows 6.7% higher design-point efficiency than the initial design and wide operation range with high efficiency by changing the pitch-angle of the fan rotor blade.
Effect of EVA Dosage and Type on the Properties of High Dose Desulfurized Rubber Modified Asphalt
Authors: Zhang Hong , Song Hao
Published: November 2024

Conventional rubber powder modified asphalt is widely used, but there are drawbacks such as high viscosity, processing difficulties, and poor storage stability, which are avoided by using desulfurized rubber powder. In this study, waste desulfurized rubber powder (DRP) and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) were used as asphalt modifiers. The performance of composite modified asphalt with different VA content and EVA dosage was investigated. It was concluded that the high temperature performance of EVA-1 was superior to EVA-3, but the low temperature effect was average. The modified asphalt prepared with EVA-3 was better suited for cold weather, and the modified asphalt prepared with EVA-2 exhibited good performance in both high and low temperature plasticity, making it suitable for cold weather conditions. good low-temperature plasticity, can improve the physical properties of waste rubber modified asphalt, suitable for conventional asphalt pavement.
Intramuskuläre Sehnenverletzungen am Oberschenkel: Diagnostik – operative Therapie – Rehabilitation
Authors: Hinterwimmer Stefan , Mack Martin , Wittke Andreas , Friedl Hans , Fritsch Lorenz
Published: November 2024

Intramuskuläre Sehnenverletzungen der Oberschenkelmuskulatur stellen ein relativ häufiges und insgesamt erhebliches Problem in der Sportmedizin, vor allem bei schnellkräftigen Sportarten, dar. Die MRT ist ein wertvolles Instrument zur Diagnose und Beurteilung der Schwere dieser Verletzungen. Therapeutisch stehen, je nach Schwere und Chronizität der Verletzung, die konservative, aber auch die operative Behandlung zur Auswahl. Wir zeigen die typischen MRT-Kriterien bei einer akuten wie auch chronischen Verletzung der intramuskulären Oberschenkelsehnen und beschreiben v.a. die chirurgische Behandlung bzw. die operative Technik im Detail. Sowohl die akuten als auch die chronischen Läsionen können erfolgreich operiert werden. In der Rehabilitation stellt die MRT-Kontrolle erneut ein wertvolles Tool dar; die funktionellen Testungen wie EMG und Kraftmessung auf der Kraftmessplatte und in der Isokinetik dürfen jedoch nicht fehlen. Die Rückkehr zum Wettkampfsport ist innerhalb von ca. 4 Monaten möglich.
Transverse versus Vertical Incision in the Surgical Management of Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Oberlin Austin , Yoh Katherine , Overton Eve , Booker Whitney A. , Ilagan John G. , Sassine Dib , Diggs Alexandra , Laifer-Narin Sherelle , Cimic Adela , Ring Laurence E. , Sheikh Maria , Clair Caryn St. , Hou June , Buckley De Meritens Alexandre , Wright Jason D. , D'Alton Mary , Nhan Chang Chia-Ling , Mourad Mirella , Khoury-Collado Fady
Published: November 2024

Objectives Traditionally, midline vertical skin incisions have been utilized during surgery for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), as it is considered to maximize exposure and allow for a uterine incision to avoid the placenta. However, literature directly comparing outcomes of vertical versus transverse incisions in PAS is sparse. Our objective was to compare maternal outcomes between patients who underwent a vertical versus a transverse skin incision for PAS.

Study Design Retrospective review of patients with pathologically confirmed PAS undergoing scheduled surgery at our institution between September 2019 and November 2023. Starting in October 2021, select patients were offered a transverse skin approach. Patients were eligible if the surgery was scheduled, and the placenta was not entirely covering the anterior uterine wall. The transverse skin incision was approximately 18 to 20 cm and used the patient's prior scar. Primary outcomes included the rate of maternal transfusion >4 units of packed red blood cells (PRBCs), the incidence of surgical complications, and the need for conversion to general anesthesia (GETA).

Results Seventy patients underwent scheduled surgery for PAS. Thirty-three patients had a vertical skin incision, and 37 had a transverse incision. After initiation of the transverse incision approach, 37/43 (86%) had a transverse incision and none required conversion to a vertical incision intraoperatively. The two groups were similar with regard to age, body mass index (BMI; kg/m2), and severity of PAS. There was no difference in the rate of transfusion of >4 units of PRBCs (vertical 12% vs. transverse 22%, p = 0.29), or in the rate of intraoperative complications (i.e., cystotomy; vertical 3% vs. transverse 14%, p = 0.20). In patients with a transverse incision, a significantly lower number of patients required conversion to GETA intraoperatively (vertical 70% vs. transverse 24%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion In appropriately selected patients, a transverse skin incision was associated with lower conversion to GETA without any difference in intraoperative outcomes.

Key Points
EFFECT OF KYPHOPLASTY ON PAIN CONTROL AND VERTEBRAL RESTORATION
Authors: Kilinc Mustafa Cemil , Alpergin Baran Can , Ozpiskin Omer , Aktan Eray Serhat , Dogan Ihsan
Published: November 2024

Background and aim:
Numerous studies have been conducted regarding vertebral restoration, development of kyphotic deformity, and pain control following balloon kyphoplasty. However, there is no consensus regarding the ideal time to perform kyphoplasty. Herein, we aimed to compare the results of treatment of different vertebral levels following early or late kyphoplasty.
Patients and methods:
Between 2017 and 2022, 283 patients with single-level osteoporotic vertebral fractures were retrospectively reviewed. 100 patients who attended regular postoperative follow-ups, visual analog scale (VAS) values were recorded, and osteoporosis tests were performed were included in the study. Traumatic single-level fractures in patients with osteoporosis who were aged >60 years were included in the study. Patients with a history of malignancy, previous spinal surgery, or neurological deficits were not included in the study. A total of 50 patients underwent kyphoplasty within 3 days of sustaining the fracture (Group 1), and 50 patients underwent kyphoplasty more than 3 after sustaining the fracture (Group 2). Groups A, B, and C included fractures at the T7–T11 levels, T12–L1 levels (thoracolumbar junction), and L2–L5 levels, respectively. These groups were compared among themselves. Bilateral balloon kyphoplasty was performed under sedation in the prone position. Preoperative and postoperative VAS scores, anterior vertebral heights (AVH), and kyphotic angles (KA) were measured and recorded. The vertebral segments that underwent early and late kyphoplasty were also compared among themselves.
Results:
In all the patients who underwent early or late kyphoplasty, there was a significant decrease in the kyphotic angle and a significant increase in vertebral heights during the early postoperative period (p < 0.001). There was no significant change in the vertebral heights and kyphotic angle between the early and late postoperative periods (p = 0.780). Early kyphoplasty demonstrated better pain control with a greater improvement in VAS score (p < 0.001) than late kyphoplasty.
Conclusion:
Kyphoplasty plays an important role in reducing pain and ensuring early mobilization in older patients. In our study, the improvements in both symptoms and radiologic features are concrete evidences in favor of performing early kyphoplasty.
Multisite implementation of a sexual health survey and clinical decision support to promote adolescent sexually transmitted infection screening
Authors: Schmidt Sarah Kathleen , Dexheimer Judith , Zorc Joe , Palmer Chella , Casper Theron Charles , Stukus Kristin , Pickett Michelle , Mollen Cynthia , Elsholz Cara , Cruz Andrea T. , Augustine Erin , Goyal Monika , Reed Jennifer L.
Published: November 2024

Background: Adolescents are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and frequently present to emergency departments (EDs) for care. Screening for STIs using confidential patient-reported outcomes represents an ideal use of electronic screening methodology.
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to implement a patient-facing, confidential electronic survey to assess adolescent risk for STIs and consent for testing with integrated provider facing electronic clinical decision support (CDS) across six geographically dispersed pediatric EDs and evaluate implementation based on survey and CDS usage metrics.
Methods: A pilot site provided code for the electronic survey, data query, and CDS templates to six EDs. Institutions identified necessary information technology (IT) personnel, completed local build, and made modifications to suit individual site workflow variations with all sites successfully deploying the electronic survey with electronic health record (EHR) -embedded CDS.
Results: 6,165 adolescents completed the confidential health survey between April 12, 2021 – September 25, 2022 out of 79,780 eligible adolescents. The CDS was triggered indicating the patient was at-risk or consented to STI testing across all six sites 2,058 times. The average percentage of time the CDS was acknowledged by a provider was 81.6% (range 45.7% - 97.6%). The median number of providers who acknowledged each instance of the CDS was 2.0. STI testing was ordered from the CDS on average 47.3% of the time. CDS acknowledge selections of “other” and “[testing] already ordered” were the most frequent indications STI testing was not ordered from the CDS.
Conclusions: Successful deployment of patient-facing screeners with integrated electronic CDS across multiple healthcare institutions is feasible. A combination of different types of IT and informatics expertise combined with local knowledge of clinical workflows is essential to success.
Outcome and Complications Following Medial Patellar Luxation Corrective Surgery with Tibial Tuberosity Transposition Using a Locking Plate and a Pin Fixation: 45 Unilateral and 20 Single-Session Bilateral Procedures
Authors: Eskelinen Esa V. , Suhonen Ari P. , Virolainen Juha V. , Liska William D.
Published: November 2024

Objectives To evaluate the outcome and complications in dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL) undergoing tibial tuberosity transposition (TTT) with a locking plate and pin fixation (Plate–Pin).

Methods This retrospective multicenter study included 65 consecutive MPL stifle surgeries using tibial tuberosity (TT) fixation with a 5-hole locking plate and a pin. The median weight of the dogs was 6.2 kg. The grade of luxation was 2/4 in 50 stifles and 3/4 in 15 stifles. Outcomes were assessed during follow-up examinations 33 to 648 days after surgery with clinical examination and radiography. Canine Orthopedic Index questionnaires were sent to owners 6 to 39 months after surgery.

Results Complications were reported in 14/65 stifles, of which 8/14 were minor and 6/14 were major. After treatment of the major complications, lameness was resolved in all cases and the MPL was resolved in 64/65 stifles.

Clinical Significance When the surgery was performed as described in this article, Plate–Pin fixation for TT during MPL surgery is a feasible technique with a lower incidence of luxation recurrence, TT avulsion, and fractures compared with recent retrospective studies with pin and tension band wire TT fixation. Further development of the locking plate TT fixation is indicated to resolve pin-related complications and to determine if fixation including a pin is necessary.
Linear stability analysis for bubble shape of acoustic cavitation with different ultrasonic frequencies
Authors: Yamamoto Takuya
Published: November 2024

In the present study, the bubble shape stability of acoustic cavitation is numerically investigated with different ultrasonic frequencies by solving the Keller equation and dynamic equation of distortion amplitude simultaneously to investigate the effect of ultrasonic frequency on the stability. The bubble shape is distorted at higher pressure amplitude and larger bubble size, and the lower degree of spherical harmonics contributes to the instabilities. The stable zone in a stability diagram of parametric instability is similar to that of afterbounce instability at small ultrasonic frequency (∼20 kHz), although the parametric instability becomes the main factor to cause bubble shape instability at higher ultrasonic frequency (f > 40 kHz) because the afterbounce instability becomes difficult to occur due to the short time period from Rayleigh collapse to the start moment of the next ultrasonic cycle. Moreover, the slope of the main stable and unstable boundaries in a phase diagram between pressure amplitude and bubble radius becomes smaller with ultrasonic frequency suggesting that the width of bubble equilibrium size distribution becomes narrower at higher ultrasonic frequency.
Meta-optics triplet for zoom imaging at mid-wave infrared
Authors: Wirth-Singh Anna , Jimenez Arturo Martin , Choi Minho , Fröch Johannes E. , Johnson Rose , Le Teichmann Tina , Coppens Zachary , Majumdar Arka
Published: November 2024

Lenses with dynamic focal length, also called zoom functionality, enable a variety of applications related to imaging and sensing. The traditional approach of stacking refractive lenses to achieve this functionality results in an expensive, heavy optical system. Especially for applications in the mid-infrared, light weight and compact form factor are required. In this work, we use a meta-optic triplet to demonstrate zoom imaging at mid-wave infrared wavelengths. By varying the axial distances between the optics, the meta-optic triplet achieves high-quality imaging over a zoom range of 5×, with a 50° full field of view in the widest configuration and an aperture of 8 mm. This triplet system demonstrates the potential for meta-optics to reduce conventional components in complex and multi-functional imaging systems to dramatically thinner and lighter components.
Topological flatbands in kagome lattice CaCu5: A first-principles study
Authors: Ye Jiefeng , Xu Chenyu , Zhang Jian-Min
Published: November 2024

Topological flatband materials have garnered significant attention due to their strongly correlated electronic states. Here, we propose the typical flatband and topological features in the classical copper-based kagome lattice CaCu5. Our work confirms the stability of the CaCu5 system. Notably, we identify flatbands in the band structure of the CaCu5 system, accompanied by a typical quadratic band with line touching, and the flatness of flatbands is broken when spin–orbit coupling is introduced. Furthermore, parity and symmetry eigenvalue calculations of the wavefunctions reveal the nontrivial topological properties of the system. Our results suggest that the CaCu5 system, with its topological flatbands, serves as an ideal platform for studying strong correlation effects and novel physical phenomena.