bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and biological investigation of a novel star polymer based on magnetic cyclic aromatic polyimide chains
Authors: Eivazzadeh-Keihan Reza , Sadat Zahra , Mohammadi Adibeh , Aghamirza Moghim Aliabadi Hooman , Kashtiaray Amir , Maleki Ali , Mahdavi Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Herein, a novel nanostructure based on cyclic aromatic polyimide with statistical star polymer structure was synthesized via the functionalization of the CuFe2O4 MNPs surface. The polymerization process on the functionalized surface of CuFe2O4 MNPs was performed with pyromellitic dianhydride and phenylenediamine derivatives. All analytical methods such as Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) were performed to characterize the structure of CuFe2O4@SiO2-polymer nanomagnetic. The cytotoxicity of CuFe2O4@SiO2-Polymer was investigated for biomedical application by MTT test. The results proved that this nanocmposite was biocompatible with HEK293T healthy cells. Also, the evaluation antibacterial property of CuFe2O4@SiO2-Polymer showed that its MIC in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were 500–1000 µg/mL, so it had antibacterial activity.
Effect of germanium oxide on the structural aspects and bioactivity of bioactive silicate glass
Authors: Tiama Taha M. , Ibrahim Medhat A. , Sharaf Mohamed H. , Mabied Ahmed F.
Published: June 2023

Ternary silicate glass (69SiO2–27CaO–4P2O5) was synthesized with the sol–gel route, and different percentages of germanium oxide GeO2 (6.25, 12.5, and 25%) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) were added. DFT calculations were performed at the B3LYP/LanL2DZ level of theory for molecular modelling. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) was used to study the effect of GeO2/PAA on the structural properties. The samples were further characterized using DSC, ART-FTIR, and mechanical tests. Bioactivity and antibacterial tests were assessed to trace the influence of GeO2 on biocompatibility with biological systems. Modelling results demonstrate that molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) indicated an enhancement of the electronegativity of the studied models. While both the total dipole moment and HOMO/LUMO energy reflect the increased reactivity of the P4O10 molecule. XRPD results confirmed the samples formation and revealed the correlation between the crystallinity and the properties, showing that crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) is clearly formed in the highest percentages of GeO2, proposing 25% as a strong candidate for medical applications, consistent with the results of mechanical properties and the rest of the characterization results. Simulated body fluid (SBF) in vitro experiments showed promising biocompatibility. The samples showed remarkable antimicrobial and bioactivity, with the strongest effect at 25%. The experimental findings of this study revealed that the incorporation of GeO2 into the glass in terms of structural characteristics, bioactivity, antimicrobial properties, and mechanical properties is advantageous for biomedical fields and especially for dental applications.
Diagnosis of α-thalassaemia by colorimetric gap loop mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Chumworathayee Worakawee , Munkongdee Thongperm , Buasuwan Nattrika , Chaichompoo Pornthip , Svasti Saovaros
Published: June 2023

α-Thalassaemia is an inherited haemoglobin disorder that results from the defective synthesis of α-globin protein. Couples whom both carry the α-thalassaemia 1 gene are at risk of having a foetus with the most severe thalassaemia, Hb Bart’s hydrops fetalis, with a risk of maternal mortality. However, haematological parameters alone cannot distinguish between a α-thalassaemia 1 carrier and a homozygous α-thalassaemia 2, in which one α-globin gene has been deleted on each chromosome. A rapid and accurate molecular detection assay is essential for prevention of the disease in populations where α-thalassaemia 1 is common. Multiplex Gap-PCR analysis is widely used for diagnosis of α-thalassaemia. However, the technique requires a thermocycler and post-amplification processing, which limits its application in primary care or in rural areas in developing countries. Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) amplifies target DNA at a constant temperature and does not require a thermocycler. This study developed a colorimetric Gap-LAMP using malachite green to allow naked eye visualization of two deletional α-thalassaemia 1 commonly found in Asian populations, the Southeast Asian type (--SEA) and the Thai type (--THAI) deletions. The Gap-LAMP was performed on DNA samples from 410 individuals carrying various α-thalassaemia gene defects with 100% concordance with conventional Gap-PCR analysis. This method eliminates post-amplification processing or the use of expensive sophisticated equipment and allows screening large populations for the prevention and control of α-thalassaemia.
Tool-tissue force segmentation and pattern recognition for evaluating neurosurgical performance
Authors: Baghdadi Amir , Lama Sanju , Singh Rahul , Sutherland Garnette R.
Published: June 2023

Surgical data quantification and comprehension expose subtle patterns in tasks and performance. Enabling surgical devices with artificial intelligence provides surgeons with personalized and objective performance evaluation: a virtual surgical assist. Here we present machine learning models developed for analyzing surgical finesse using tool-tissue interaction force data in surgical dissection obtained from a sensorized bipolar forceps. Data modeling was performed using 50 neurosurgery procedures that involved elective surgical treatment for various intracranial pathologies. The data collection was conducted by 13 surgeons of varying experience levels using sensorized bipolar forceps, SmartForceps System. The machine learning algorithm constituted design and implementation for three primary purposes, i.e., force profile segmentation for obtaining active periods of tool utilization using T-U-Net, surgical skill classification into Expert and Novice, and surgical task recognition into two primary categories of Coagulation versus non-Coagulation using FTFIT deep learning architectures. The final report to surgeon was a dashboard containing recognized segments of force application categorized into skill and task classes along with performance metrics charts compared to expert level surgeons. Operating room data recording of > 161 h containing approximately 3.6 K periods of tool operation was utilized. The modeling resulted in Weighted F1-score = 0.95 and AUC = 0.99 for force profile segmentation using T-U-Net, Weighted F1-score = 0.71 and AUC = 0.81 for surgical skill classification, and Weighted F1-score = 0.82 and AUC = 0.89 for surgical task recognition using a subset of hand-crafted features augmented to FTFIT neural network. This study delivers a novel machine learning module in a cloud, enabling an end-to-end platform for intraoperative surgical performance monitoring and evaluation. Accessed through a secure application for professional connectivity, a paradigm for data-driven learning is established.
Population size in QTL detection using quantile regression in genome-wide association studies
Authors: Oliveira Gabriela França , Nascimento Ana Carolina Campana , Azevedo Camila Ferreira , de Oliveira Celeri Maurício , Barroso Laís Mayara Azevedo , de Castro Sant’Anna Isabela , Viana José Marcelo Soriano , de Resende Marcos Deon Vilela , Nascimento Moysés
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Quantile Regression (QR) in Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) regarding the ability to detect QTLs (Quantitative Trait Locus) associated with phenotypic traits of interest, considering different population sizes. For this, simulated data was used, with traits of different levels of heritability (0.30 and 0.50), and controlled by 3 and 100 QTLs. Populations of 1,000 to 200 individuals were defined, with a random reduction of 100 individuals for each population. The power of detection of QTLs and the false positive rate were obtained by means of QR considering three different quantiles (0.10, 0.50 and 0.90) and also by means of the General Linear Model (GLM). In general, it was observed that the QR models showed greater power of detection of QTLs in all scenarios evaluated and a relatively low false positive rate in scenarios with a greater number of individuals. The models with the highest detection power of true QTLs at the extreme quantils (0.10 and 0.90) were the ones with the highest detection power of true QTLs. In contrast, the analysis based on the GLM detected few (scenarios with larger population size) or no QTLs in the evaluated scenarios. In the scenarios with low heritability, QR obtained a high detection power. Thus, it was verified that the use of QR in GWAS is effective, allowing the detection of QTLs associated with traits of interest even in scenarios with few genotyped and phenotyped individuals.
Country-level energy demand for cooling has increased over the past two decades
Authors: Scoccimarro Enrico , Cattaneo Oreste , Gualdi Silvio , Mattion Francesco , Bizeul Alexandre , Risquez Arnau Martin , Quadrelli Roberta
Published: June 2023

Cooling degree days provide a simple indicator to represent how temperature drives energy demand for cooling. We investigate, at country level, the changes in cooling degree days worldwide in a recent twenty-one-year period starting in 2000. A new database, jointly generated by CMCC and IEA based on ERA5 reanalysis’ global gridded data, is used for the analysis. In contrast to the existent literature, the factors of population-weighting and humidity are considered, which affect the magnitude and the spatial distribution of these changes. Annual tendencies show a general increase of cooling degree days over the different countries, fostering more energy consumption for cooling demand, as confirmed by some regional studies. We also focus on the temporal clustering, to measure if peaks occur evenly random or tend to cluster in shorter periods. We stress that including humidity is important both for general tendencies and clustering. India, Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam represent the emerging countries where this effect is stronger.
A novel “turn on” fluorescence probe based on a caffeic acid skeleton for detecting Al3+ and bioimaging application
Authors: Song Jian , Yang Xiaoqin , Xie Sida , Zhu Guolei , Rao Xiaoping , Zhao Ping , Jiang Qian
Published: June 2023

In this manuscript, we synthesized a novel caffeic acid-based fluorescence probe for detection of Al3+ with high sensitivity and good selectivity. The probe HAM was successfully applied for detection of the concentration of Al3+ in HeLa cells.
A new family of anti-perovskite oxyhydrides with tetrahedral GaO4 polyanions
Authors: Ayu Nur Ika Puji , Takeiri Fumitaka , Ogawa Takafumi , Kuwabara Akihide , Hagihala Masato , Saito Takashi , Kamiyama Takashi , Kobayashi Genki
Published: June 2023

Solid compounds A3−xGaO4H1−y (A = Sr, Ba; x ∼0.15, and y ∼0.3) have been successfully synthesized. This is a new family of anti-perovskite type compounds with p-metalcentered tetrahedral polyanions.
Monitoring microplastic–contaminant sorption processes in real-time using membrane introduction mass spectrometry
Authors: Zvekic Misha , Vandergrift Gregory W. , Tong Christine C. , Gill Chris G. , Krogh Erik T.
Published: June 2023

The rate and extent of sorption of trace contaminants to microplastics was monitored in real-time using direct mass spectrometry.
Enhanced remediation of As(iii) and As(v) by new zirconium-loaded attapulgite and its mechanisms in the aquatic environment
Authors: Wang Jinhui , Sun Qin , Gao Qi , Sun Xinyu
Published: June 2023

Arsenic pollution in waters and sediments has severely threatened the aquatic ecology and natural environment.
Machine learning predictions of diffusion in bulk and confined ionic liquids using simple descriptors
Authors: Bobbitt N. Scott , Allers Joshua P. , Harvey Jacob A. , Poe Derrick , Wemhoner Jordyn D. , Keth Jane , Greathouse Jeffery A.
Published: June 2023

Ionic liquids have many intriguing properties and widespread applications such as separations and energy storage.
An ionic liquid synthesis route for mixed-phase sodium titanate (Na2Ti3O7 and Na2Ti6O13) rods as an anode for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Kumari Pooja , Li Yining , Boston Rebecca
Published: June 2023

An ionic liquid synthesis method is used to create mixed Na2Ti3O7 (237) and Na2Ti6O13 rods with high fraction of 237 phase, leading to improved specific capacity.
Electrically tunable dipolar interactions between layer-hybridized excitons
Authors: Erkensten Daniel , Brem Samuel , Perea-Causín Raül , Hagel Joakim , Tagarelli Fedele , Lopriore Edoardo , Kis Andras , Malic Ermin
Published: June 2023

Electrical field tuning of hybrid exciton–exciton interactions in WSe2 homobilayers.
Super-resolution imaging of antibody-conjugated biodegradable periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles for targeted chemotherapy of prostate cancer
Authors: Das Pradip , Pujals Silvia , Ali Lamiaa M. A. , Gary-Bobo Magali , Albertazzi Lorenzo , Durand Jean-Olivier
Published: June 2023

This study evaluates the degradation of various nanoPMOs, and the surface functionality of anti-M6PR antibody-conjugated nanoPMOs at different orientations and multivalency by dSTORM for effective chemotherapy of prostate cancer.
Regulation engineering of the surface and structure of perovskite-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Yu Ning , Zhang Zhi-Jie , Chai Yong-Ming , Dong Bin
Published: June 2023

Perovskite oxides of low cost and with an adjustable structure have been widely used as electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER).
POCl3 mediated one-pot deoxygenative aromatization and electrophilic chlorination of dihydroxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-indeno[1,2-b]pyrroles
Authors: Nasuhipur Forough , Ghasemi Zarrin , Poupon Morgane , Dušek Michal
Published: June 2023

Deoxygenation–chlorination of 3a,8b-dihydroxy-4-oxo-indeno[1,2-b]pyrroles by Vilsmeier–Haack reagent.
Guava-fruit based synthesis of carbon quantum dots for spectrofluorometric quantitative analysis of risperidone in spiked human plasma and pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Alaqel Saleh I. , Abdullah Omeima , Alharbi Adnan , Althobaiti Yusuf S. , Alturki Mansour S. , Ramzy Sherif , Almalki Atiah H.
Published: June 2023

Novel N-CQDs are synthesized from guava fruit, characterized, and successfully applied for the determination of risperidone in pharmaceutical formulations and plasma.
Facile preparation of organosilanes from benzylboronates and gem-diborylalkanes mediated by KOtBu
Authors: Tang Man , Zhu Wenyan , Sun Huaxing , Wang Jing , Jing Su , Wang Minyan , Shi Zhuangzhi , Hu Jiefeng
Published: June 2023

A deboronative silylation of readily available benzylboronates and diborylalkanes with chlorosilanes has been developed using an alkoxide base. This approach enables the synthesis of benzyl silanes and silylboronates in practical and selective ways.
The structural changes of a bovine casein micelle during temperature change; in situ observation over a wide spatial scale from nano to micrometer
Authors: Takagi Hideaki , Nakano Tomoki , Aoki Takayoshi , Tanimoto Morimasa
Published: June 2023

Bovine milk is the complex colloidal system containing nano to micrometer scale components.
Multi-interfacial engineering of an interlinked Ni2P–MoP heterojunction to modulate the electronic structure for efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yan Haijing , Liu Yue , Wang Dongxu , Jiao Yanqing , Wu Aiping , Wang Xiuwen , Wang Ruihong , Tian Chungui
Published: June 2023

Multi-interface interlinked, small sized Ni2P-MoP heterojunctions were constructed by employing a Ni-post-modification strategy of POM-based organic hybridviathe linkages of an organic ligand, which achieves highly efficient overall water splitting.
Spirofluorene-locked carbazole based multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for efficient solution-processed narrowband green OLEDs
Authors: Du Baoyun , Zhang Kaiyuan , Wang Penglong , Wang Xingdong , Wang Shumeng , Shao Shiyang , Wang Lixiang
Published: June 2023

Multiple resonance emitters containing spirofluorene-locked carbazole moieties and a boron, nitrogen-doped aromatic skeleton exhibit efficient narrowband green electroluminescence by a solution process.
Eco-compatible solvent-processed high energy level offset ternary strategy for efficient organic photodetecting and photovoltaic applications
Authors: Kim Min Soo , Jang Woongsik , Kim Byung Gi , Wang Dong Hwan
Published: June 2023

Improved VOC and reduced dark current stable OEDs with high energy level offset ternary and non-halogenated solvent processing strategies.
Perspectives of Part-Time Augmentative and Alternative Communication Use in Adults and Implications for Pediatric Service Delivery
Authors: Koerner Susan Marjorie , Glaser Sarah , Kropkowski Kirsten
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

Speaking autistic adults who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) part-time increasingly share their experiences of insufficient, unreliable, or inconsistent speech. Their experiences detail how forced communication through verbal speech alone causes harm and how AAC systems allow them to communicate freely. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to (a) define intermittent, unreliable, and inconsistent speech as experienced by autistic adults; (b) discuss implications for service delivery of AAC to autistic children; and (c) present an example of a pediatric part-time AAC assessment through a case study.

Method:

This clinical focus article presents a case study of an AAC assessment completed at a university clinic for a speaking child who experiences intermittent speech. Data from the case study were collected through chart review, a semistructured interview with the parent, and short surveys sent to the family. The case study presents the background and history of the client, planning for the assessment procedures, and details of the assessment procedures and data collected, and summarizes the results of the assessment.

Results:

The results of the assessment led to the successful funding of an AAC system through a third-party insurance provider. A summary of the follow-up session with the family after the device was received is provided.

Conclusions:

Characteristics of the mother's advocacy for her child's communication and its implications for the case study are discussed. Future directions of this research include the development of communication choice–affirming assessment and intervention protocols created in collaboration with autistic adults to support children who experience insufficient, intermittent, or unreliable speech.
Parameter estimation of quantized DARMA systems using weighted least squares
Authors: Jing Lida
Published: June 2023

This paper is concerned with parameter estimate of deterministic autoregressive moving average (DARMA) systems with uniform quantized output observations. By designing system input signals, the recursive least‐squares algorithm with designed weights is proved to have convergence properties under the uniform output signal quantizer. The authors analyse the properties of the size of quantization error, which implies that the convergence properties can be achieved when the quantization error satisfies some conditions. A numerical example is supplied to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Assessment of human gait after total knee arthroplasty by dynamic time warping algorithm
Authors: Abbasi‐Kesbi Reza , Fathi Mohammad , Najafi Mohammad , Nikfarjam Alireza
Published: June 2023

Today, the elderly population is increasing, and there are many drawbacks for them, especially defects in their knee joints which lead to improper gait. To solve this problem, their knee joint can be replaced with knee arthroplasty. In this letter, level of improvement in the human gait before and after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery is investigated using the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm. For this purpose, several volunteers who have problems with their knees are incorporated in a test before and after TKA surgery. Then, the data of gait analysis is collected and the data is compared with a reference using the DTW algorithm. The outcome results illustrate an improvement of 89%–97% by the proposed algorithm after TKA surgery. Therefore, patients can see improvement with high accuracy and very fast that result in more use this technique in TKR surgery.
Poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid‐alginate nanocarrier for efficient drug delivery to liver cancer cells
Authors: Hoseinzadeh Mahsa , Mokhtari Mohammad Javad , Kafilzadeh Farshid , Mohammadnejad Javad , Taheri Yaghoob
Published: June 2023

Efficient drug delivery systems (DDSs) can potentially replace with conventional modalities in cancer therapy, like liver cancer. In this study, a novel folic acid (FA)‐functionalised and alginate (Alg)‐modified poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) nanocomposite was developed for delivery of doxorubicin (Dox) to HepG2 and Huh7 liver cancer cells. After synthesising the nanocarrier, several analytical devices, including FT‐IR, DLS, TGA, and TEM, were employed for its characterisation. Nano‐metric size (55 and 85 nm in diameter), close to neutral surface charge, semi‐spherical morphology, and successful synthesis were approved. Dox entrapment efficiency was determined near 1%, and sustained and pH‐sensitive drug release behaviours of nanocarrier were ascertained for DDS. Afterwards, the cell viability test was carried out to study the HepG2 and Huh7 cells suppression capability of FA‐PLGA‐Dox‐Alg. About 12% and 10% cell viabilities were observed in HepG2 and Huh7 cancer cells after 24 h treatment with 400 nM concentration of FA‐PLGA‐Dox‐Alg nanocarrier respectively. The IC50 value was observed for 100 nM after 24 h of treatment in cancer cells. These data have indicated that fabricated nanocarrier could be promising DDS against liver cancer and replace with conventional approaches in cancer treatment, like chemotherapy.
Spectroscopic substellar initial mass function of NGC 2244
Authors: Almendros-Abad V. , Mužić K. , Bouy H. , Bayo A. , Scholz A. , Peña Ramírez K. , Moitinho A. , Kubiak K. , Schöedel R. , Barač R. , Brčić P. , Ascenso J. , Jayawardhana R.
Published: June 2023

Context. The dominant formation channel of brown dwarfs (BDs) is not well constrained yet and a promising way to discriminate between scenarios is to test the environment-dependent efficiency in forming BDs. So far, the outcome of star formation, studied through the initial mass function, has been found to be very similar in all clusters that have been inspected.

Aims. We aim to characterize the low-mass (sub)stellar population of the central portion (2.4 pc2) of the ∼2 Myr old cluster NGC 2244 using near-infrared spectroscopy. By studying this cluster, characterized by a low stellar density and numerous OB stars, we aim to explore the effect that OB stars may have on the production of BDs.

Methods. We obtained near-infrared HK spectroscopy of 85 faint candidate members of NGC 2244. We derived the spectral type and extinction by comparison with spectral templates. We evaluated cluster membership using three gravity-sensitive spectral indices based on the shape of the H-band. Furthermore, we evaluated the infrared excess from Spitzer of all the candidate members of the cluster. Finally, we estimated the mass of all the candidate members of the cluster and derived the initial mass function, star-to-BD number ratio, and disk fraction.

Results. The initial mass function is well represented by a power law (dN/dM ∝ M−α) below 0.4 M⊙, with a slope α = 0.7–1.1 depending on the fitted mass range. We calculated a star-to-BD number ratio of 2.2–2.8. We find the low-mass population of NGC 2244 to be consistent with nearby star-forming regions, although it is at the high end of BD production. We find BDs in NGC 2244 to be, on average, closer to OB stars than to low-mass stars, which could potentially be the first piece of evidence that OB stars affect the formation of BDs. We find a disk fraction of all the members with a spectral type later than K0 of 39 ± 9% which is lower than typical values found in nearby star-forming regions of similar ages.
Design and Development of a Smart Vortex Turbine
Authors: Khan Moid , Ul Hassan Haseeb , Mehmood Kamran , Cheema Taqi Ahmed , Arif Arsalan
Published: June 2023

The growing demand for clean energy has led many engineers and scientists to find a way to effectively generate and distribute electricity without any carbon footprints. One of the most prominent and widely known methods of generating electricity is Hydropower. One of the leading researches in harvesting energy from low-head water sources is through a gravitational vortex turbine. Gravitational vortex turbine is special type of micro-hydro turbine that relies on the rotational energy of a water vortex. This research delves into techniques required to increase the efficiency of vortex turbines. This project bolsters an extensive design methodology used to finalize a system of smart vortex turbine. It includes a section on CAD modelling and governing equations followed by an ANSYS simulation to predict and study the vortex generated in main tank. The main goal of this project is to achieve a water tight sealing to ensure that generator does not gets damaged. In addition, reducing mechanical losses due to vibrations by using a smaller shaft is one of the set targets of this project. Our mission is prove that electricity can be generated in off the grid communities with low-head water sources by using 3D printing as Pakistan does not have the modern expensive fabrication techniques to manufacture complex geometries. There is a need to look for a cost effective, efficient and green manufacturing method.
Flame Retardant Nanocomposites of Polystyrene-Modified Sepiolite Clay
Authors: Ur Rehman Shafi , Javaid Sana , Shahid Muhammad , Yasin Tariq , Rashid Badar
Published: June 2023

Flame retardancy is the property that is highly demanded when it comes to deal with plastics in different industries. In this research general purpose polystyrene (GPPS) and modified sepiolite clay are melt blended together to fabricate flame retardant nanocomposites. Structural analysis were performed with the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Morphological analysis of the fabricated nanocomposites were carried out using scanning electron microscope (SEM). As a result of better clay dispersion in polymer matrix and intermolecular interactions, mechanical properties are also improved. The standard procedure (ASTM D4986-20) was followed for observing the flame retardancy of the fabricated nanocomposites. Tangible decrease is noted upto 48% in burning rate of the optimum sample which reflects improvement in flame retardancy.
Optimizing the process parameters of Fiction Stir Welded dissimilar 2024Al-5754Al Joint using the Taguchi Method
Authors: Haider Feroz , Jahanzaib Mirza , Hanif Muhammad Waqas
Published: June 2023

It is a requirement of modern age industries, especially the aerospace, automobile, and shipbuilding sectors, to manufacture high strength and low weight dissimilar aluminium alloy welded joints. Therefore, the aim of this project is to investigate the effect of tool rotation speed, feed rate, and pin type on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of dissimilar aluminium alloys (2024 Al and 5754 Al) in friction stir welded joints. Nine experiments have been performed using an orthogonal array (L9) of the Taguchi method. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) established that pin type is the most prominent parameter, followed by tool rotation speed and feed rate. The optimal value of ultimate tensile strength (268 MPa) was achieved at 1.5 mm/s feed rate, 1600 rpm speed, and type 1 of pin. A confirmation test shows that there is a high correlation between the estimated and actual values of UTS.
Antidiabetische Wirkung der Inhaltsstoffe von Momordica charantia
Authors: Çiçek Serhat S.
Published: June 2023

Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), allgemein bekannt als Bittergurke oder Bittermelone, weist eine lange Geschichte in der Behandlung von Diabetes und dessen Komplikationen auf. Über ihre antidiabetische Wirkung und ihre positive Wirkung auf den Blutzucker und die Lipidkonzentration wurde in zahlreichen In-vitro- und In-vivo-Studien berichtet, die für die beobachteten Auswirkungen verantwortlichen Substanzen sind indes noch nicht hinreichend beschrieben. In den letzten Jahren konzentrierte sich die Forschung immer mehr auf die besonderen Triterpenoide vom Cucurbitan-Typ, die in den Früchten und anderen Teilen der Pflanze reichlich vorhanden sind. Die vorliegende Arbeit fasst die antidiabetische Wirkung der sogenannten Momordicoside zusammen und erörtert ihre Verwendung in kommerziellen Präparaten.
A Case Series of Fetal-Neonatal Ovarian Cyst from a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Rajeswaran Priyadarshini Kumaraswamy , Sivanandam Shanthakumari , Arunachalam Pavai
Published: June 2023

The occurrence of ovarian cyst in the neonate is rare and antenatally diagnosed by ultrasonography. This study aims to increase awareness about its occurrence and histological features. We performed a retrospective review on 10 cases of neonatal ovarian cyst (NOC) during 4 years (2016–2020) in a tertiary care center in South India. The neonates were diagnosed with abdominal cysts by the antenatal ultrasonogram in the third trimester. They were operated from day 5 to 35 days of age. There was no side predilection, and most of them were unilateral (9 out of 10 cases). Histopathological examination showed simple cysts (50%), serous cystadenomas (20%), cyst with no viable lining (20%), and follicular cyst (10%) and 90% of the cysts had torsion-induced changes. The pathologist and the clinician should be aware of the occurrence of serous histology in NOC cases.
Evaluation of Accuracy of Intraoperative Frozen Section and Imprint Cytology in Gynecological Neoplasms—A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study of 50 Cases in Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Kediya Ayushi , Shirazi Nadia , Nautiyal Ruchira
Published: June 2023

Aims and Objectives Gynecological neoplasms are among the most common cancers in female population of India and worldwide. Various new advances have been made to diagnose gynecological pathologies which include imprint cytology and frozen sections in addition to the histopathological techniques. The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of intraoperative diagnostic procedure with gold standard histopathology.

Method The study included 50 patients who had suspected gynecological neoplasm in a time period of 12 months. Their intraoperative diagnosis was made on frozen section and imprint cytology to rule out benign or malignant lesions and compared with gold standard histopathology.

Results Our study concludes that maximum cases of female genital tract neoplasms belonged to the age group of 19 to 76 years, with 60% cases in postmenopausal age group. Overall diagnosis of 62, 52, and 76% malignancies were made on imprint cytology, frozen section, and histopathological examination, respectively.

Conclusion The study concludes that diagnostic accuracy by intraoperative imprint cytology is higher (80%) than frozen section (76%). True positive cases were maximally reported by histopathology. True negative and false positive cases were equally reported by both frozen and imprint cytology. False negative cases were reported by frozen section more than by imprint cytology. The kappa statistical value was lesser in frozen versus histopathology and more in imprint versus histopathology. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for imprint cytology were 77.5, 90.0, 96.9, and 50%, respectively, whereas for frozen section, it was 72.5, 90.0, 96.7, and 45.0%, respectively.
Differential membrane binding of α/β-peptide foldamers: implications for cellular delivery and mitochondrial targeting
Authors: Lee Tzong-Hsien , Checco James W. , Malcolm Tess , Eller Chelcie H. , Raines Ronald T. , Gellman Samuel H. , Lee Erinna F. , Fairlie W. Douglas , Aguilar Marie-Isabel
Published: June 2023

The intrinsic pathway of apoptosis is regulated by the Bcl-2 family of proteins. Inhibition of the anti-apoptotic members represents a strategy to induce apoptotic cell death in cancer cells. We have measured the membrane binding properties of a series of peptides, including modified α/β-peptides, designed to exhibit enhanced membrane permeability to allow cell entry and improved access for engagement of Bcl-2 family members. The peptide cargo is based on the pro-apoptotic protein Bim, which interacts with all anti-apoptotic proteins to initiate apoptosis. The α/β-peptides contained cyclic β-amino acid residues designed to increase their stability and membrane permeability. Dual polarisation interferometry was used to study the binding of each peptide to two different model membrane systems designed to mimic either the plasma membrane or the outer mitochondrial membrane. The impact of each peptide on the model membrane structure was also investigated, and the results demonstrated that the modified peptides had increased affinity for the mitochondrial membrane and significantly altered the structure of the bilayer. The results also showed that the presence of an RRR motif significantly enhanced the ability of the peptides to bind to and insert into the mitochondrial membrane mimic, and provide insights into the role of selective membrane targeting of peptides.
Development of improved genotypes for extra early maturity, higher yield and Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV) resistance in soybean (Glycine max)
Authors: Maranna Shivakumar , Kumawat Giriraj , Nataraj Vennampally , Gill Balwinder S. , Nargund Raghavendra , Sharma Avani , Rajput Laxman Singh , Ratnaparkhe Milind B. , Gupta Sanjay
Published: June 2023

Context Breeding for early maturity and higher yield is the principal objective in genetic improvement of Indian soybean. Yellow Mosaic Disease caused by Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV) causes 80% yield loss in soybean. Aims This study aimed to develop early maturing, MYMIV resistant and high yielding soybean genotypes for enhancing soybean production and expanding the land area under cropping. Methods MYMIV resistance was introgressed from G. soja in to a widely adaptable cultivar JS 335 through a series of four generations of backcrosses and by evaluating derived progeny against MYMIV at a disease hot spot. Key results An extra-early maturing (71 days) genetic stock called NRC 252 was developed, which can be a potential gene donor in breeding for early maturing soybean varieties. Introgression lines YMV 1, YMV 2, YMV 11 and YMV 16 with MYMIV resistance and higher yield performance over recurrent parent and other check varieties were identified and characterised. Biplot analysis, assessing the main effect of genotype and the interaction of genotype with environment, revealed an ideal genotype with respect to 100-seed weight and grain yield that was also promising under sugarcane-soybean intercropping system in spring season. Conclusions Alleles from wild type soybean could improve yield attributing traits and MYMIV resistance in cultivated soybean. Improved genotypes such as YMV 1, YMV 2, YMV 11 and YMV 16 were found superior to the recurrent parent JS 335 as well as other check varieties. Implications The genotypes developed in the present study will help in reducing the damage caused by MYMIV disease and expansion of the area of soybean cultivation through intercropping with sugarcane.
Impact of global text cohesion on students’ listening comprehension of informational listening texts
Authors: Schmitz Anke , Brandt Hanne , Rothstein Björn
Published: June 2023

Listening comprehension serves as a basic means for communication and participation in society. Unfortunately,
especially low-performing students have difficulties understanding informational content presented in a listening format, even
more so than with the comprehension of printed texts. Based on empirical findings that text features, such as global text
cohesion, have proven to be effective for promoting reading comprehension, and cognitive processes of reading and listening to
academic texts share commonalities, the question arises as to how much global cohesion can support students’ listening
comprehension. 140 ninth-grade students in German secondary schools listened to one of two informational listening texts which
differed in their degree of global text cohesion (low vs. high in cohesion). Listening comprehension was assessed with a written
test after listening. Regression analyses show that global text cohesion promotes listening comprehension and that the effect of
cohesion remains significant and stable when controlling for topic-related prior knowledge and language-related background
variables. Low-performing students profited more from the highly cohesive text than high-performing students. Thus, cohesion
contributes to the comprehensibility of informational listening texts which can have implications for the construction of
listening texts and listening comprehension instruction at school.
An intricate dance of intersubjectivity
Authors: Gustafsson Anna W , Johnsson Per , Järvholm Kajsa , Bernhardsson Katarina , Forslid Torbjörn , Ohlsson Anders
Published: June 2023

This article deepens the understanding of characteristic features of Shared Reading (SR) that can shed light on
health benefits of this literary practice suggested by previous research. We provide a detailed analysis of language, interaction,
reading strategies and collaborative meaning-making in an online SR group in which participants read and discussed a modernist
poem. We triangulate our analysis with results from a focus group with the participants. Our study is informed by psychological
theories about joint attention and its effects on social cohesion, mentalisation and perspective-taking. The analysis shows how
the SR format provides a space in which ingroupness, intersubjectivity, and perspective-taking are created and realised in
language use and interaction. Furthermore, our study suggests that many characteristic features of SR identified in earlier
research can still be observed in an online SR group. The study lays the ground for more conclusive research of the benefits of
this reading practice.
Eczema herpeticum during treatment of atopic dermatitis with 1% pimecrolimus cream
Authors: Segura S , Romero D , Carrera C , Iranzo P , Estrach T.
Published: June 2023

No abstract available
Paraneoplastic pemphigus with widespread mucosal involvement
Authors: Wakahara M , Kiyohara T , Kumakiri M , Ueda T , Ishiguro K , Fujita T , Amagai M , Hashimoto T.
Published: June 2023

No abstract available
Toxic epidermal necrolysis: analysis of clinical course and SCORTEN-based comparison of mortality rate and treatment modalities in Korean patients
Authors: Kim KJ , Lee DP , Suh HS , Lee MW , Choi JH , Moon KC , Koh JK.
Published: June 2023

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare, life-threatening, drug-induced cutaneous reaction. We herein report our experience regarding causes, clinical course, treatment and sequelae of TEN in Korean patients. In addition, we used the SCORTEN, a severity-of-illness score for TEN, to compare the predicted and actual mortality rates, and to evaluate the efficacy of treatment modalities. A retrospective study of 38 patients with TEN during a 13-year period (1990-2003) at the Asan Medical Center was performed. The mean involved body surface area was 49+/-17%. All except three cases were associated with medications, most commonly antibiotics, followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen and herbal remedies. Fourteen patients had a history of current infection, including upper respiratory infection, pneumonia and herpes simplex infection. The mean time from initial drug administration to the onset of TEN was 9.8+/-5.7 days. Twenty-one patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids. Fourteen received high dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. The actual mortality rate was 23.7% (9/38), not significantly different from the SCORTEN-predicted rate (25.5%, 9.699/38). Also based on SCORTEN, treatment with high dose intravenous immunoglobulin showed a trend to lower actual mortality than predicted mortality (standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 0.425; 95% CI, 0.011-2.368), whereas corticosteroid therapy showed no such difference (SMR = 1.004; 95% CI, 0.369-2.187).
Circular motion analogue Unruh effect in a
2+1
thermal bath: robbing from the rich and giving to the poor
Authors: D Bunney Cameron R , Louko Jorma
Published: June 2023

The Unruh effect states that a uniformly linearly accelerated observer with proper acceleration

a

experiences the Minkowski vacuum as a thermal state at temperature

T

U

=
a

/

(
2
π
)

. An observer in uniform circular motion experiences a similar effective temperature, operationally defined in terms of excitation and de-excitation rates, and physically interpretable in terms of synchrotron radiation, but this effective temperature depends not just on the acceleration but also on the orbital speed and the excitation energy. In this paper we consider an observer in uniform circular motion when the Minkowski vacuum is replaced by an ambient thermal bath, and we address the interplay of ambient temperature, Doppler effect, acceleration, and excitation energy. Specifically, we consider a massless scalar field in

2
+
1

spacetime dimensions, probed by an Unruh–DeWitt detector, in a Minkowski (rather than proper) time formulation: this setting describes proposed analogue spacetime systems in which the effect may become experimentally testable, and in which an ambient temperature will necessarily be present. We establish analytic results for the observer’s effective temperature in several asymptotic regions of the parameter space and provide numerical results in the interpolating regions, finding that an acceleration effect can be identified even when the Doppler effect dominates the overall magnitude of the response. We also identify parameter regimes where the observer sees a temperature lower than the ambient temperature, experiencing a cooling Unruh effect.
An inner product for 4D quantum gravity and the Chern–Simons–Kodama state
Authors: Alexander Stephon , Herczeg Gabriel , Freidel Laurent
Published: June 2023

We demonstrate that reality conditions for the Ashtekar connection imply a non-trivial measure for the inner product of gravitational states in the polarization where the Ashtekar connection is diagonal, and we express the measure as the determinant of a certain first-order differential operator. This result opens the possibility to perform a non-perturbative analysis of the quantum gravity scalar product. In this polarization, the Chern–Simons–Kodama state, which solves the constraints of quantum gravity for a certain factor ordering, and which has de Sitter space as a semiclassical limit, is perturbatively non-normalizable with respect to the naïve inner product. Our work reopens the question of whether this state might be normalizable when the correct non-perturbative inner product and choice of integration contour are taken into account. As a first step, we perform a semi-classical treatment of the measure by evaluating it on the round three-sphere, viewed as a closed spatial slice of de Sitter. The result is a simple, albeit divergent, infinite product that might serve as a regulator for a more complete treatment of the problem. Additionally, our results suggest deep connections between the problem of computing the norm of the CSK state in quantum gravity and computing the Chern–Simons partition function for a complex group.
Modeling and analysis of a four-parameter vibration isolator with frequency-dependent damping and its implementation based on GERF
Authors: Wang Min , Liao Songquan , Peng Yan , Ding Jiheng , Sun Yi , Pu Huayan , Xie Shaorong , Luo Jun , Li Zhongjie , Yang Zhengbao
Published: June 2023

To improve the vibration isolation performance, a conventional passive two-parameter vibration isolator (VI) usually adopts the method of adding constant damping for energy dissipation. A compromise is made between the suppression of resonance peak and the rapid attenuation of transmissibility in the high-frequency band. A four-parameter-VI with frequency-dependent damping is a potential solution for this problem. The theoretical models of system transmissibility and equivalent damping are established by a normalization method, and the vibration isolation performance is compared with that of the two-parameter-VI and the three-parameter-VI. A novel four-parameter-VI with damping generated by a giant electrorheological fluid (GERF) damper is designed. The mechanical properties of the GERF damper are tested, and its damping effect is evaluated using an equivalent linearization method. Then, the vibration isolation performance of the four-parameter-VI is tested. The results show that: the vibration isolation performance of the four-parameter-VI can be affected by the damping ratio and the mass ratio. The four-parameter-VI exhibits the frequency-dependent damping characteristic of large damping in the low-frequency band and small damping in the high-frequency band by appropriately setting parameters. The vibration isolation ratio of the four-parameter-VI to white noise reaches 91.1% in the time domain with appropriate parameters, and the peak of the power spectral density curves decreases from 1.2 × 10−3 g2 Hz−1 to 0.16 × 10−3 g2 Hz−1 with a reduction of 1.04 × 10−3 g2 Hz−1 .
Low frequency twisted waves in a self-gravitating nonextensive complex plasma
Authors: Bukhari S , Bukhari Asad , Shahid M , Hussain A
Published: June 2023

The effects of dust–dust self-gravitational force and nonextensive characteristics of plasma species on the low frequency twisted waves owing to the helical wave structure in complex (dusty) plasmas are analyzed. The electrons and ions of the plasma are modelled by nonextensive q-distribution function while massive dust particles are Maxwellian distributed. The self-gravitational effects are incorporated in the Vlasov equation of kinetic theory where perturbed distribution function, electrostatic and gravitational potentials are expressed with Laguerre–Gauss functions. The governing equations of kinetic theory are solved together under paraxial approximations. The dispersion relations and damping rates of twisted dust-acoustic waves (TDAWs) are obtained for two situations; (a) super-extensivity (q < 1) and (b) sub-extensivity (q > 1). The effects of self-gravity, nonextensivity and twist parameter significantly modified the basic features of dust-acoustic waves. This study contributes to our understanding of the complex dynamics of TDAWs in interstellar dust clouds, considering the interplay of self-gravity, nonextensivity, and helical phase structures. The obtained theoretical and numerical results provide valuable insights into the behavior of these waves and offer a foundation for further investigations in this field. However, understanding of the topic can be enhanced through a combination of theoretical models, numerical simulations and observational data.