bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chromatin determinants impart camptothecin sensitivity
Authors: Puddu Fabio , Salguero Israel , Herzog Mareike , Geisler Nicola J , Costanzo Vincenzo , Jackson Stephen P
Published: April 2017

Camptothecin‐induced locking of topoisomerase 1 on DNA generates a physical barrier to replication fork progression and creates topological stress. By allowing replisome rotation, absence of the Tof1/Csm3 complex promotes the conversion of impending topological stress to DNA catenation and causes camptothecin hypersensitivity. Through synthetic viability screening, we discovered that histone H4 K16 deacetylation drives the sensitivity of yeast cells to camptothecin and that inactivation of this pathway by mutating H4 K16 or the genes SIR1‐4 suppresses much of the hypersensitivity of tof1∆ strains towards this agent. We show that disruption of rDNA or telomeric silencing does not mediate camptothecin resistance but that disruption of Sir1‐dependent chromatin domains is sufficient to suppress camptothecin sensitivity in wild‐type and tof1∆ cells. We suggest that topoisomerase 1 inhibition in proximity of these domains causes topological stress that leads to DNA hypercatenation, especially in the absence of the Tof1/Csm3 complex. Finally, we provide evidence of the evolutionarily conservation of this mechanism.
The purine receptor P2X7R regulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human craniopharyngioma
Authors: Nie Jing , Huang Guang-long , Deng Sheng-Ze , Bao Yun , Liu Ya-Wei , Feng Zhan-Peng , Wang Chao-Hu , Chen Ming , Qi Song-Tao , Pan Jun
Published: April 2017

Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are usually benign, non-metastasizing embryonic malformations originating from the sellar area. They are, however, locally invasive and generate adherent interfaces with the surrounding brain parenchyma. Previous studies have shown the tumor microenvironment is characterized by a local abundance of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), infiltration of leukocytes and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are thought to be responsible, at least in part, for the local invasion. Here, we examine whether ATP, via the P2X7R, participates in the regulation of cytokine expression in CPs. The expression of P2X7R and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured at the RNA and protein levels both in tumor samples and in primary cultured tumor cells. Furthermore, cytokine modulation was measured after manipulating P2X7R in cultured tumor cells by siRNA-mediated knockdown, as well as pharmacologically by using selective agonists and antagonists. The following results were observed. A number of cytokines, in particular IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1, were elevated in patient plasma, tumor tissue and cultured tumor cells. P2X7R was expressed in tumor tissue as well as in cultured tumor cells. RNA expression as measured in 48 resected tumors was positively correlated with the RNA levels of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 in tumors. Furthermore, knockdown of P2X7R in primary tumor cultures reduced, and stimulation of P2XR7 by a specific agonist enhanced the expression of these cytokines. This latter stimulation involved a Ca2+-dependent mechanism and could be counteracted by the addition of an antagonist. In conclusion, the results suggest that P2X7R may promote IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 production and secretion and contribute to the invasion and adhesion of CPs to the surrounding tissue.
Circulating tumor cells and miRNAs as prognostic markers in neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Zatelli Maria Chiara , Grossrubatscher Erika Maria , Guadagno Elia , Sciammarella Concetta , Faggiano Antongiulio , Colao Annamaria
Published: April 2017

The prognosis of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) is widely variable and has been shown to associate with several tissue- and blood-based biomarkers in different settings. The identification of prognostic factors predicting NEN outcome is of paramount importance to select the best clinical management for these patients. Prognostic markers have been intensively investigated, also taking advantage of the most modern techniques, in the perspective of personalized medicine and appropriate resource utilization. This review summarizes the available data on the possible role of circulating tumor cells and microRNAs as prognostic markers in NENs.
Oocyte stem cells: fact or fantasy?
Authors: Horan Corrina J , Williams Suzannah A
Published: April 2017

For many decades, the dogma prevailed that female mammals had a finite pool of oocytes at birth and this was gradually exhausted during a lifetime of reproductive function. However, in 2004, a new era began in the field of female oogenesis. A study was published that appeared to detect oocyte-stem cells capable of generating new eggs within mouse ovaries. This study was highly controversial and the years since this initial finding have produced extensive research and even more extensive debate into their possibility. Unequivocal evidence testifying to the existence of oocyte-stem cells (OSCs) has yet to be produced, meanwhile the spectrum of views from both sides of the debate are wide-ranging and surprisingly passionate. Although recent studies have presented some convincing results that germ cells exist and are capable of creating new oocytes, many questions remain. Are these cells present in humans? Do they exist in physiological conditions in a dormant state? This comprehensive review first examines where and how the dogma of a finite pool was established, how this has been challenged over the years and addresses the most pertinent questions as to the current status of their existence, their role in female fertility, and perhaps most importantly, if they do exist, how can we harness these cells to improve a woman’s oocyte reserve and treat conditions such as premature ovarian insufficiency (POI: also known as premature ovarian failure, POF).
Negotiating the values of popular music in the museum
Authors: Crenn Gaëlle
Published: April 2017

Museums are agents of cultural valuation where objects are selected, interpreted, exhibited, and turned into heritage. How does popular culture affect the cultural logic of the museum and how does the museum approach these new cultural contents? The text focuses on the case of the ABBAWORLD exhibition presented at the Powerhouse Museum, in Sydney, Australia. Based on interviews with the curatorial team and a comprehensive audience survey, the study aims to understand how the music of ABBA is defined as heritage through the design and the experience of the display. It compares the exhibition previously staged by Swedish producers in Melbourne (2010) and its re-curation at the Powerhouse Museum—focusing on the representation of popular music, the narratives of the exhibition, and the choice of devices to experience popular music in the museum. It discusses the (re)valuation of popular music as heritage and the role of the museum as heritage’s ‘respondent’. The case study illustrates the growing importance of the mediatization of popular culture for museums and cultural industries.
Introduction
Authors: Knifton Robert , Leonard Marion
Published: April 2017

Marion Leonard and Robert Knifton present the special issue of Popular Music History on Popular Music and Heritage.
Resource notes
Authors: Horrocks Rob
Published: April 2017

This article presents a consideration of popular music culture as intangible culture, consistent with the premises of the UNESCO 2003 Intangible Cultural Heritage Convention. The observations presented in the account are drawn from involvement in the Home of Metal (HoM) project, a music heritage project which aims to brand Birmingham and the Black Country as the birthplace of heavy metal. The article focuses on the methods used within the collection and curation of oral histories for a temporary museum exhibition held in Birmingham. It discusses the value of these verbal accounts of a music culture for the exhibition, particularly where there was an absence of physical artefacts.
No two houses of the holy
Authors: Pirrie Adams Kathleen
Published: April 2017

Using the Nirvana: Taking Punk to the Masses exhibition as a case study, this article offers one possible answer to the question: what is needed for popular music to become cultural heritage? It looks at how the exhibition’s use of material culture and its relation to intangible culture provide opportunities for audience engagement and establish the exhibition as a site for the production of cultural heritage. Drawing upon work done in both heritage and popular music studies, I argue that the exhibition thesis, its design and the integration of participatory opportunities create a congregant space, one in which heritage’s characteristic operation of establishing a relationship between present and past in order to facilitate inheritance is realized in a manner that offers a dynamic and variable image of membership.
The heritage obsession
Authors: Le Guern Philippe
Published: April 2017

This article considers the particular shape of popular music heritagization in French archives, museums and broader culture. Drawing on Derrida’s Archive Fever and Huyssen’s notion of heritage obsession, the article asks what has encouraged the rapid growth of pop and rock heritage in general, before examining a number of case studies in Paris, Laval and Avignon to build up a picture of French museum practices towards popular music heritage. Specifics of French policy and culture such as the Fédurok agency are explained, and the contrasts between AngloAmerican and French treatments of popular music heritage are delineated, with Francophone experience defined precisely by its differences from this established reading. Thus, in providing a sociological model for understanding the rock music heritage obsession in France, it is those cases that fall outside of the canonical understanding of rock music such as bal-musette that are argued to be key to French popular music heritage.
The Effect of Orange Peel Pectin Addition on Overrun, Melting Time, Total Solids, Total Dissolved Solids of Sherbet
Authors: Aulia Hasna Rahma , Nurwantoro Nurwantoro , Legowo Anang Mohamad
Published: April 2017

The purpose of this research was to improve physical properties of sherbet with the addition of pectin orange peel. The experimental design of this research was using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replication with the addition of pectin concentration variations, 0% (T0), 0.2% (T1), 0.4% (T2), and 0.6% (T3). The observed parameter were physical properties of sherbet (overrun, melting time, total solids, total dissolved solids, and pH). The results showed the addition of pectin orange peel had no significant  result (P>0.05) on overrun and significant (P<0.05) on melting time, total solids, total dissolved solids, and pH. The best treatment from orange peel pectin addition on sherbet based on melting time, total solids, total dissolved solids, and pH were pectin concentration of 0.4% and 0.6%.
A study of the clinical profile of 50 patients of COPD with correlation between clinical, radiological and spirometric evaluation
Authors: Kamdar Deepali J. , Patel Dharmesh Kumar
Published: April 2017

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable disease that is characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to airway and/ or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases. Tobacco smoking, occupational exposure to organic and inorganic dusts, chemical agents and fumes and biomass cooking are the risk factors for COPD. Chronic dyspnoea, cough, sputum production, wheezing and chest tightness are the common symptoms of COPD. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical, radiological and spirometric parameters in patients with COPD and to demonstrate a correlation between them.Methods: This was a prospective study of 50 patients of COPD who presented to out- patient department. We included all patients above 40 years of age with a smoking index of 200 or more, or history of exposure to occupational dust, biomass fuel gas or exposure to other obnoxious gases; and who had history of dyspnoea and cough. Spirometry was performed to confirm the diagnosis and to grade the severity of airflow obstruction. History of dyspnoea, cough, sputum production, wheezing, chest tightness, fever, weight loss and the number of exacerbations in the previous year was noted. We then performed a detailed clinical examination. Blood was sent for haemogram and arterial blood gas analysis and all patients underwent an ECG, 2- D Echo and HRCT of the thorax. We then studied the correlation between the clinical, radiological and spirometric profiles in these patients.Results: Out of the 50 patients, majority was between 50-59 years of age, with male to female ratio of 1.94:1.00. History of smoking was present in 74% patients, exposure to biomass fuel in 12% and exposure to occupational dust in 6% patients. Commonest symptom was dyspnoea (in 100% patients) followed by cough (88%), sputum production (68%), wheezing (58%), chest tightness and fever (30%) and weight loss (28%). HRCT was positive in 75% patients, while ECG changes were seen in 42% patients and pulmonary hypertension was present in 54% patients. A significant association was observed between grade 5 dyspnoea on mMRC, hypoxia, hypercarbia, pulmonary hypertension and Gold-5 airflow obstruction.Conclusions: In the present study of 50 cases, COPD was seen predominantly in male patients, with a mean age of presentation between 50- 59 years. Tobacco smoking was the commonest etiological factor. Clinical symptoms most commonly documented were dyspnoea, cough with or without expectoration, wheezing, chest tightness, fever and weight loss. A significant association was observed between grade 5 dyspnoea on mMRC, hypoxia, hypercarbia, pulmonary hypertension and Gold-5 airflow obstruction.
Study on prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and their few risk factors among rural women in Ghaziabad
Authors: Singh Narendra
Published: April 2017

Background: With rapid urbanisation in National Capital Region, Ghaziabad, associated life style diseases like hypertension, diabetes mellitus are also increasing. For an effective preventive program, it is mandatory to know prevalence and relevant risk factors. Many studies among men have been conducted, this study was undertaken to find out prevalence, and associated factors solely among   rural women in Ghaziabad. Methods: A pretested Performa was administered to all non-pregnant women coming to a health centre. Information on medical and family history, dietary habits, physical activity, blood pressure, blood sugar, height, weight etc. was recorded. For statistical analyses, SPSS-16 software was used. Results: Out of total 569 participants, 59 were having hypertension, showing a prevalence of 10.36 %, 44 were having family history of hypertension with a prevalence of 7.73%. 93 were found to be Diabetics, with a prevalence of 16.34% and family history of diabetes among 57, i.e. 10.36% in study group. Overall 134, (23.55%) had abnormally higher BMI, age group with highest prevalence of BMI was also having highest diabetes and hypertension cases. This age group was  found to be doing just  mild physical activity. Conclusions: This study gives insight in heavy burden of hypertension, diabetes, and associated risk factors in rural women folks in a rural health centre of Ghaziabad. Life style modifications, more physical activities, dietary modifications with lesser salt ,fats  will go in long way of reducing burden of these diseases and risk factors.
Efficacy of platelet rich plasma injection in treatment of plantar fasciitis
Authors: Kadam Rahul , Vijay Sukant , Chhallani Abhay , Pandhare Santosh , Gupta Abhishek , Singh Ritesh Sawant
Published: April 2017

Background: Platelet rich plasma is a recently introduced therapy for treatment of chronic painful conditions in orthopaedics, it acts mainly by promoting healing process. PRP has an increased concentration of platelets which initiate tissue repair by releasing growth factors. Increased concentrations of autologous platelets yield high concentrations of growth factors, subsequently leading to intensified healing of soft tissue on a cellular level. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of platelet rich plasma injection in treatment of plantar fasciitis.

Methods: This study was conducted on the patients coming to orthopaedic OPD at MGM medical college and hospital, kamothe, Navi Mumbai. Total of 40 planter fasciitis cases were taken in this study. Out these 40 patients 23 were Male and 17 were female. The mean age 45.85 (range 25-75). Patients were followed up for 3 months with regular interval and at each visit vas score was evaluated and noted.Total duration of study was 3 months from October 2016 to December 2016.

Results: The mean pre injection vas score was 7.15 (Male – 7.13, Female – 6.70). The mean vas score at time of follow up after one week was 6.20 (Male – 6.22 Female – 6.18). The mean vas score at time of follow up after 6 week was 5.62 (Male – 5.66 Female – 5.70).  The mean vas score at time of follow up after 3 months was 3.20 (Male – 3.13 Female – 3.29).

Conclusions: PRP in plantar fasciitis shows promising short term results providing patients with gradual sustained pain relief, improving daily function and lifestyle activity level. However long term results needs to be evaluated.
Comparison between operative and non operative treatment of fracture shaft of humerus: an outcome analysis
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Shanmugam Natarajan , Kumar Sandeep , Ramanusan Kalanithi
Published: April 2017

Background: Humerus shaft fractures account for 3% of all orthopaedic injuries. Many modalities of treatment are available. Conservative treatment has been the mainstay of treatment. But now due to improvements in anaesthesia, implant design many patients having fracture shaft of humerus are operated.

Methods: We compared the operative and non operative modalities of treatment in this prospective randomised controlled trial. In 40 patients, twenty patients were treated surgically and twenty were treated non surgically between May 2012 to June 2014 in Hindu Rao Hospital, New Delhi.

Results: Our results show faster union in non-operative patients but functional DASH scores are significantly better in operated patients. Complications are comparable in both groups.

Conclusions: Operative treatment for fracture shaft humerus gives better functional results in this study. Dynamic compression plating of humerus is better method than conservative method and avoids prolonged immobilization. Larger multicentric trials comparing functional cast bracing and plating are needed.
Fluoroscopic Guided Injections in Orthopaedic Practice
Authors: Cloutier Dagan
Published: April 2017

This article describes how a PA-led fluoroscopic guided joint injection program was established at a private orthopaedic practice. Requirements for establishing the program, including setting up a fluoroscopic suite, training PAs and radiology technicians, and procedural workflow, will be discussed. The article also discusses why PAs who practice in orthopaedics are ideal candidates to administer fluoroscopic guided joint injections and how such a program can be beneficial to an orthopaedic practice.
Orthopaedic Tips: The Mangled Extremity
Authors: Fisher Michael T. , Riehl John T.
Published: April 2017

The mangled extremity is a complex and multifaceted traumatic orthopaedic injury. This injury results in damage to bone, nerve, soft tissue, and/or vascular structures, and often requires multiple surgeries. The treatment decision between limb salvage and amputation is complicated, but must be made. A systematic approach to the evaluation and medical decision-making process can help an orthopaedic provider to make an informed medical decision. This article will provide a detailed overview of the evaluation, medical decision-making, and treatment of the mangled extremity.
The role of packaged water in meeting global targets on improved water access
Authors: Vedachalam Sridhar , MacDonald Luke H. , Omoluabi Elizabeth , OlaOlorun Funmilola , Otupiri Easmon , Schwab Kellogg J.
Published: April 2017

Packaged water (as either refill, bottled, or sachet water) has become an important element of water security in many low- and middle-income countries, owing to poor reliability and lack of piped water infrastructure. However, over time and across countries, the Demographic and Health Surveys monitoring program has inconsistently classified packaged water components as either improved or unimproved. Using data collected as part of the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020) surveys on water options in nine study geographies across eight countries, we identified five geographies where packaged water constituted one of several options for 5% or more of users. In this study, four scenarios were designed in which packaged water components were variously classified as either improved or unimproved. Unimproved water use was highest in scenarios where sachet or refill water was classified as an unimproved source. Across the four scenarios, the difference in the use of unimproved water as the main option was highest (65%) in Nigeria (Lagos). That difference increased to 78% when considering all regular options. The development of these scenarios highlights the importance of classifying a source as improved or unimproved in the overall metric that indicates progress at national and international levels.
Simulation of storage scheme in the MHS underground reservoir recharged by water from the South-to-North Water Diversion
Authors: Yang Y. , Liu L. C. , Li B. H. , Gu J. F. , Zheng D. Q. , Li Q.
Published: April 2017

The level of groundwater has fallen dramatically in the plain, and several obvious cones of depression in the groundwater surface around waterworks have expanded, because of groundwater over-drafting in Beijing. This condition has led to reductions in available groundwater resources, and has even restricted the economic development of Beijing. However, an opportunity has been provided for groundwater recharge, since considerable storage space has been created by this overexploitation. At the beginning of the South-to-North Water Diversion, more water will be transferred to Beijing, because of the supporting infrastructure that is under construction in other cities. Therefore, the underground reservoir in Miyun, Huairou and Shunyi (MHS) district was taken as the study object, and geological exploration and GIS overlay techniques were used to determine the extent and storage capacity of this underground reservoir. The rivers in MHS district were investigated to identify which ones provide suitable places for recharge. Furthermore, a numerical model was built to forecast the groundwater flow field and water level, and an optimal storage program was proposed. The results of this study provide technical guidance for recharge, as well as the safe storage and rational use of the water provided by the South-to-North Water Diversion.
Control de la velocidad en tiempo real de un motor dc controlado por lógica difusa tipo pd+i usando labview
Authors: Rodríguez Bustinza Ricardo , Mamani Churayra Ewar
Published: April 2017

En este artículo, se presenta un método basado en inteligencia artificial para controlar una planta motor DC por un microordenador personal (PC), el que interactuando hardware y software logra el control de la velocidad del motor DC en tiempo real usando el algoritmo de control Difuso-PD+I. La adquisición de datos e identificación de los parámetros del motor DC han sido necesarias para el control de la velocidad del motor DC, por medio de la tarjeta de adquisición de datos PCI NIDAQ 6024E cuya interface corre en tiempo real que usa el Workshop Real-Time (RTW), el archivo de datos es procesado con la herramienta de identificación del programa Matlab llamada IDENT. El prototipo del sistema computadora-controlador se diseña empleando la programación grafica de LabVIEW, en este caso se hace uso de las herramientas Fuzzy Logic Control y Simulation Module. El control en tiempo real del sistema se lleva a cabo en el laboratorio usando el convertidor digital-a-analógico (DAC) y encoder formado por dos sensores de efecto hall de tipo incremental que por medio de un convertidor frecuencia voltaje se logra procesar las señales desde las entradas analógicas de la NIDAQ. Se verifican los resultados de simulación de computadora experimentalmente, los que demuestran que la señal de control diseñada puede hacer que la salida del sistema prototipo siga eficientemente las referencias impuestas con mínimo sobrepaso y error en estado estacionario nulo.
Comportamiento dinámico de una embarcación pesquera en el mar peruano
Authors: Gamarra Chinchay Hugo Eliseo , Yarin Achachagua Anwar Julio , Yarin Achachagua Yasser Hipólito , Palacios Aranda Mierwen
Published: April 2017

El presente trabajo describe la metodología utilizada para predecir el comportamiento presentado por una embarcación de desplazamiento cuando ésta navega en determinada condición de mar. Es importante que el ingeniero naval determine este comportamiento en la fase de proyecto de la embarcación, porque de esta forma puede evaluar los efectos perjudiciales para su desempeño, como por ejemplo la emersión del propulsor, embarque de agua en la cubierta, slamming y excesivas aceleraciones verticales. Los efectos perjudiciales descritos anteriormente son predichos a través de los espectros de respuesta de la embarcación para una determinada condición de mar y para un determinado movimiento. El procedimiento utilizado para la obtención de los Espectros de Respuesta consiste en la superposición del Operador de Respuesta Unitaria en olas regulares de la embarcación para un determinado movimiento (RAO) y el Espectro de Energía de Pierson-Moskowitz, utilizado para representar el mar en una determinada condición. El Operador de Respuesta Unitaria de la embarcación fue determinado utilizando un programa de Dinámica de Navíos basado en la Teoría de las Rebanadas (Strip Theory) y; las diversas condiciones de mar consideradas, fueron caracterizadas utilizando datos metereológicos como la altura significativa (Hs) y periodo medio (Tm) de las olas, siendo estos datos importantes en la generación del Espectro de Energía para determinado estado de mar. Así mismo, se muestran los resultados del comportamiento de una embarcación pesquera operando en diversas condiciones típicas del litoral peruano. Los efectos perjudiciales fueron determinados y se evaluó su severidad en el desempeño de la embarcación a través de criterios de diseño.
Selección de motores fuera de borda para embarcaciones menores
Authors: Gamarra Chinchay Hugo Eliseo , Yarin Achachagua Anwar Julio , Yarin Achachagua Yasser Hipólito , Palacios Aranda Mierwen
Published: April 2017

En la actualidad, el país requiere del uso de motores fuera de borda, debido a la gran cantidad de embarcaciones menores dedicadas a la actividad de recreo, pesca artesanal y guardacostas tanto para el uso lacustre, fluvial y marítimo. El estudio de las embarcaciones con el sistema de propulsión fuera de borda, varían entre la velocidad y la potencia, por lo cual el criterio desarrollado para la selección del motor y del hélice debe estar de acuerdo a los resultados del estudio hidrodinámicos del casco. En este proyecto damos la solución a los diferentes problemas de mantenimiento y reparación que puede ocurrir en el motor fuera de borda tomando en cuenta criterio de reducción de costos y desarrollo de un mantenimiento preventivo. Así mismo, comparamos ventajas y desventajas del clásico motor fuera de borda de 2 tiempos frente al moderno de 4 tiempos, desarrollando las diferencias en los sistemas de lubricación, refrigeración, arranque y otros. Importante también es ver un criterio de instalación y manejo del motor y distintos accesorios que la embarcación requiere. En conclusión en este proyecto nos proponemos obtener soluciones óptimas para los diferentes problemas de mantenimiento, etc.
Simulación dinámica de una columna de destilación de bioetanol en régimen batch
Authors: Jara Morante Eliana , Collado Dominguez Emerson , De la Cruz Azabache Mario , Vivas Cuellar Magali
Published: April 2017

La destilación batch es un proceso bastante empleado en numerosos procesos industriales a mediana y pequeña escala, por lo tanto de gran importancia comercial. En el contexto de la simulación de procesos, presenta retos ya que el sistema presenta mucha complejidad, especialmente en la etapa de startup donde existe variación de muchas variables simultáneamente. El presente trabajo simula el proceso de destilación de la planta piloto que se encuentra instalada en el Laboratorio de Operaciones Unitarias de la FIQT de la UNI. Para ello se hace uso del software simulación comercial ASPEN Batch Distillation V7.1. Los resultados nos sirven para establecer un protocolo de operación que nos permite obtener una alta pureza de bioetanol y mejorar el proceso.
Influencia del modelo educativo por objetivos en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la universidad nacional de ingeniería
Authors: Vilchez Vilchez Tito Roberto , Chau Chau Jorge Santiago
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo presenta una visión panorámica de la realidad académica de la educación superior en la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería (UNI) y la influencia del modelo educativo actual en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. La educación es uno de los instrumentos más importantes con los que puede contar un país para asegurar su desarrollo humano y social, por lo cual desde la universidad debe haber un compromiso sincero de generar una revolución educativa que transforme, organice y articule el sistema en todos sus niveles con miras a garantizar una educación de calidad que produzca un excelente aprendizaje de la nueva generación estudiantil y que responda a las expectativas de esta generación para enfrentar los desafíos del mundo laboral contemporáneo. En este milenio, se ha evidenciado en la UNI un bajo rendimiento académico de los estudiantes, donde aproximadamente el40% de estudiantes presenta un promedio de notas acumulado menor que diez (10) en la escala vigesimal. Este hecho llama la atención, considerando que a esta prestigiosa universidad ingresan los mejores estudiantes, de acuerdo con los datos proporcionados por la Oficina de Registro Central y Estadística de la UNI, considerando, además, que cuando postulan a esta casa de estudios, en promedio, de 8000 postulantes, ingresan solo 800 (10%); sin embargo, en sus estudios universitarios, sus promedios de notas bordea en general de once (11) a doce (12), que es considerado un promedio bajo dentro de sus estudios en la universidad; al término de los estudios, a los egresados, se les dificulta insertarse en el mercado nacional e internacional. Más aún, en otras universidades particulares, tienen la nota trece (13) como nota mínima aprobatoria, lo que les permite culminar con una nota promedio superior e insertarse fácilmente en el mercado internacional. Este bajo rendimiento en la UNI se explica, entre otras razones, por los métodos tradicionales que se implementan en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje sustentado en objetivos, como en la mayoría de las universidades públicas; sin embargo, no se han hecho los esfuerzos necesarios por cambiar esta situación, tampoco se han realizado investigaciones que den cuenta de la magnitud del problema. Por ello, es importante resaltar que la acción educativa no se basa únicamente en la emisión de normas que modifiquen el sistema de calificación o en los cambios de los planes de estudio y la malla curricular, sino, de forma trascendental, en la mejora de las técnicas didácticas y la acción orientadora, responsabilidad fundamental de los docentes, quienes requieren una formación continua y especializada. Al respecto, existe una cruda realidad en el sistema universitario: la Asamblea Nacional de Rectores (ANR) y las autoridades universitarias todavía no le brindan la importancia necesaria a la mejora de la calidad.
Control del brazo robótico de seis grados de libertad, mediante retroalimentación visual, para la cosecha del ají paprika
Authors: Rodriguez B Ricardo , Sanchez P. Mark , Ravichagua I. Miguel , Castillo H. Sebastián
Published: April 2017

El presente trabajo es la culminación de la interacción mecatrónica de las áreas de visión artificial y control de robots, para la automatización del proceso de la cosecha del ají paprika. El proceso se lleva a cabo mediante la utilización de un robot de 6 grados de libertad, el cual brinda mayor versatilidad para el desarrollo de movimientos complejos y operaciones en terrenos agrestes. Para gobernar dichos movimientos y la posición espacial del robot se hace uso de un sensor visual, entregando las imágenes necesarias para reconocer el ambiente y un sensor de distancia para obtener la profundidad y así conseguir la ubicación especifica del ají en su espacio de trabajo.
Optimización de la soldadura en construcción naval en el perú
Authors: Gamarra Chinchay Hugo Eliseo , Yarin Achachagua Anwar Julio , Yarin Achachagua Yasser Hipólito , Palacios Aranda Mierwen
Published: April 2017

El presente trabajo estudia la productividad de la soldadura en construcción naval, partiendo de un análisis de la producción en nuestro medio pasando a presentar algunas técnicas o alternativas para incrementar la productividad de la soldadura en construcción naval. Comenzaremos describiendo algunos conocimientos básicos de soldadura, productividad y el como determinar la productividad de soldadura en la construcción naval, además del porque del análisis de la productividad de la soldadura en nuestro medio. Asimismo se exponen algunos factores que van a influir en la producción de la soldadura, como son el rendimiento por fusión, la selección de los materiales, el tipo de acero, el tipo de procedimiento, etc. Por otro lado, se presentan los datos estadísticos tomados en la zona de trabajo que servirán para medir la productividad de la soldadura en función de los kilogramos de metal depositado y el rendimiento por fusión de varios tipos de electrodos. Finalmente, se presenta la propuesta para incrementar la productividad de la soldadura en nuestro medio en base a los problemas observados y los cálculos realizados, presentando además dos procedimientos de soldadura que pueden ser aplicados en nuestro medio, y un método que facilitará la solución de los problemas que son detectados en el astillero.
Diseño, construcción e instalación de un túnel de viento para pruebas de pequeños aerogeneradores diseño, construcción e instalación de un túnel de viento para pruebas de pequeños aerogeneradores
Authors: Gonzáles Chávez Salome , Urcuhuaranga Jesús William , Chiroque Baldera José
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo está referido al diseño, construcción y puesta en funcionamiento de un Túnel de Viento de circuito abierto, instalado en el Laboratorio de Energía de la Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica de la UNI, el mismo que sirve para investigación y pruebas experimentales de aerogeneradores modelo, realizando evaluaciones para la mejora del sistema de orientación, seguridad de turbina y optimización del generador eléctrico de imanes permanentes. Este Túnel fue instalado en Julio del 2008, por acción específica de Convenio entre la Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica, FIM-UNI y SOLUCIONES PRACTICAS-ITDG, como parte de las investigaciones conjuntas en el desarrollo y optimización de pequeños aerogeneradores para la electrificación de poblaciones rurales aisladas del Perú. El túnel consta básicamente de tres partes: el colector, la cámara de estancamiento y el difusor; los cálculos de diseño se realizaron empleando las ecuaciones de flujo compresible. Como resultado del adecuado diseño, se obtuvo que el túnel alcanza una velocidad máxima de ensayo de 15 m/s con el modelo de prueba, velocidad más que suficiente para los ensayos requeridos.
Sleep and CKD in Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Junjuan , Huang Zhe , Hou Jinhong , Sawyer Amy M. , Wu Zhijun , Cai Jianfang , Curhan Gary , Wu Shouling , Gao Xiang
Published: April 2017

Background and objectives

To assess the association between self-reported sleep duration and quality and odds of having CKD in Chinese adults on the basis of a community study.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

In this cross-sectional study, we included 11,040 Chinese adults who participated in an ongoing prospective study, the Kailuan cohort. Survey questionnaire items addressed insomnia, daytime sleepiness, snoring, and sleep duration during their 2012 interview. Overall sleep quality was evaluated by summarizing these four sleep parameters. Fasting blood samples and single random midstream morning urine samples were collected in 2012 and analyzed for serum creatinine and proteinuria. CKD was defined by eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or proteinuria >300 mg/dl. We also examined those at high or very high risk of having CKD, on the basis of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes recommendations. The association between sleep quality and CKD was assessed using logistic regression model.

Results

Worse overall sleep quality was associated with higher likelihood of being high or very high risk for CKD (multiadjusted odds ratio, 2.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.30 to 5.59 comparing two extreme categories; P trend <0.01), but not overall CKD (multiadjusted odds ratio, 1.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.89 to 2.80 comparing two extreme categories; P trend =0.46), after adjusting for potential confounders. Specifically, individuals with worse sleep quality were more likely to have proteinuria (multiadjusted odds ratio, 1.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 3.67 comparing two extreme categories; P trend =0.02), rather than lower eGFR level (multiadjusted mean eGFR levels were 96.4 and 93.6 ml/min per 1.73 m2 in the two extreme sleep categories, respectively; P trend =0.13). However, there was no statistically significant association between individual sleep parameters and CKD status.

Conclusions

Worse overall sleep quality was associated with higher odds of being high or very high risk for CKD and proteinuria in Chinese adults.
Pengaruh Pupuk Majemuk Tablet Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) Belum Menghasilkan
Authors: Saputra Jamin , Ardika Risal , Wijaya Thomas
Published: April 2017

Pupuk majemuk tablet merupakan salah satu jenis pupuk majemuk yang dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif pemupukan pada perkebunan karet. Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji efektivitas pupuk majemuk tablet terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman karet belum menghasilkan klon PB 260. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Sembawa pada tanaman karet klon PB 260 berumur 3 tahun (TBM 3), pada Ultisol. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Adapun jenis perlakuan adalah sebagai berikut: A = Dosis umum pupuk tunggal, B = 600 g/ph/th majemuk tablet (setara 75% pupuk tunggal), C = 400 g/ph/th majemuk tablet (setara 50% pupuk tunggal), D = 200 g/ph/th majemuk tablet (setara 25% pupuk tunggal), E = 120 g/ph/th majemuk tablet (setara 15% pupuk tunggal). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan hara N, P, K di tanaman dengan menggunakan pupuk majemuk tablet lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan menggunakan pupuk tunggal. Hal tersebut menunjukkan serapan hara tanaman pada perlakuan pupuk majemuk tablet lebih baik. Dari segi pertumbuhan lilit batang, tidak dijumpai perbedaan yang nyata antara perlakuan pupuk majemuk tablet dengan pupuk tunggal, tetapi perlakuan 200 g/ph/th NPK tablet (setara 25 % pupuk tunggal) memberikan pengaruh pertambahan lilit batang paling tinggi diantara perlakuan lain. Dosis majemuk tablet lebih rendah dibanding dengan pupuk tunggal sehingga pupuk majemuk tablet lebih efisien diserap oleh tanaman karet dibandingkan dengan pupuk tunggal.Kata kunci : Pupuk majemuk tablet, Pertumbuhan, Tanaman Karet.
Where Credit is due: on the Puerto Rican Debt Crisis
Authors: Joshi Eric , Joshi Amogh
Published: April 2017

This paper provides a comprehensive breakdown of the ongoing economic crisis in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. It explores the backdrop of the crisis by analyzing Puerto Ricoâ€™s relationship with the U.S., macroeconomic indicators and pertinent legislations. Itâ€™s entirely unique contribution is the analysis of the newly introduced act- PROMESA, which enables Puerto Rico to restructure its debt. We have provided an explanation of the important sections of this legislation which govern the debt negotiation process. The PROMESA act has been extended to apply to other unincorporated territories of the United States as well should they run into arrears, which broadens the scope of this paper. We have extended the findings of pre-existing body of work on sovereign debt restructuring hurdles and explained how PROMESA addresses them. We have also used previous works to suggest measures to expedite Puerto Ricoâ€™s debt restructuring process with creditors. This paper could also serve as a handbook for creditors looking to navigate through the post-PROMESA debt restructuring process.
Learning Organization and Work Engagement: An Empirical Evidence of a Higher Learning Institution in Malaysia
Authors: Hussein Norashikin , Abdul Razak Nurain Anis , Omar Muhamad Khalil
Published: April 2017

Rapidly changing business environment requires organization to gain competitive advantage in order to survive. As people is known to be the most valuable assets to an organization, having employees that are actively engaged in their work can positively leads to higher performance and subsequently contribute to the success of the organization. One of the factors that would lead to work engagement among employees is through the learning organization concept which provides continuous learning and improvement, directly linked to an employee daily work and development. Despite its importance, seldom has it been reported in the literature that this paradigm has been examined. Therefore, this study attempts to determine: (i) the level of work engagement among employees; and (ii) the relationship between learning organization dimension and work engagement. Data collected from 150 employees of an institution of higher education revealed that work engagement among employees is at high level. Only four learning organization dimensions namely, empowerment, embedded system, environmental connection and strategic leadership were found to have positive and significant relationships with work engagement. The implications and consequences of the study findings for higher learning institutions are further discussed.
Impact of Financial Management Practices on SMEs Profitability with Moderating Role of Agency Cost
Authors: Muneer Saqib , Ahmad Rao Abrar , Ali Azhar
Published: April 2017

The importance of Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) towards economic development and growth is considerable. Some SMEs are facing difficulties to their development due to the lack of financial resources and management experience. The objective of this study is to check the relationships of financial management practices on profitability of small and medium enterprises and also to check the impact of agency cost on this relationship. This study consists of data analysis of two hundred SMEs from Faisalabad Pakistan. The study used primary data predominantly. SPSS 23 is used for descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM) through Partial Least Square (PLS) 3 for hypothesis testing. The findings of this study indicate the presence of positive relationship between financial management practices and SMEs profitability but agency cost as a moderator has no effect on this relationship. The study strongly recommends higher adherence to financial management practices. Policy makers, developments partners, owners, and managers of SMEs may use these findings for sustainability of their business in Pakistan.
Awareness and Use of Serials in an African University Library: Faculty and Studentsâ€™ Perspective
Authors: Nutsupkui Erica , Owusu-Ansah Christopher M.
Published: April 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of print serials by students and faculty members of a satellite campus of the University of Education, Winneba. Specifically, this study sought to determine the level of awareness and use of serials among faculty and graduate students, and how this affect their perception of the value of print serials in teaching and learning. The study made use of survey research methods through the use of questionnaires. The population of the study consisted of 165 faculty members and 97 graduate students, with an eventual return rate of 66% each, respectively. The findings of the study revealed that both faculty and graduate students were, relatively, aware of the print serial collection in the library. However, despite this awareness, they used print serials, relatively, less frequently. Again, the study established that both faculty and students have significant positive perceptions on the usefulness of print serials in their teaching, learning and research roles. We recommend to librarians to create awareness of print serial collections while updating the collection, and enhance the positive perception of print serials by demonstrating, through outcome measures, how the use of print serials can be beneficial to the academic and research community.
Rac1 and AMPK Account for the Majority of Muscle Glucose Uptake Stimulated by Ex Vivo Contraction but Not In Vivo Exercise
Authors: Sylow Lykke , Møller Lisbeth L.V. , Kleinert Maximilian , D’Hulst Gommaar , De Groote Estelle , Schjerling Peter , Steinberg Gregory R. , Jensen Thomas E. , Richter Erik A.
Published: April 2017

Exercise bypasses insulin resistance to increase glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and therefore represents an important alternative to stimulate glucose uptake in insulin-resistant muscle. Both Rac1 and AMPK have been shown to partly regulate contraction-stimulated muscle glucose uptake, but whether those two signaling pathways jointly account for the entire signal to glucose transport is unknown. We therefore studied the ability of contraction and exercise to stimulate glucose transport in isolated muscles with AMPK loss of function combined with either pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of Rac1.

Muscle-specific knockout (mKO) of Rac1, a kinase-dead α2 AMPK (α2KD), and double knockout (KO) of β1 and β2 AMPK subunits (β1β2 KO) each partially decreased contraction-stimulated glucose transport in mouse soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle. Interestingly, when pharmacological Rac1 inhibition was combined with either AMPK β1β2 KO or α2KD, contraction-stimulated glucose transport was almost completely inhibited. Importantly, α2KD+Rac1 mKO double-transgenic mice also displayed severely impaired contraction-stimulated glucose transport, whereas exercise-stimulated glucose uptake in vivo was only partially reduced by Rac1 mKO with no additive effect of α2KD. It is concluded that Rac1 and AMPK together account for almost the entire ex vivo contraction response in muscle glucose transport, whereas only Rac1, but not α2 AMPK, regulates muscle glucose uptake during submaximal exercise in vivo.
Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, and Cognitive Dysfunction: Does Your Metabolic Profile Affect Your Brain?
Authors: Neergaard Jesper S. , Dragsbæk Katrine , Christiansen Claus , Nielsen Henning B. , Brix Susanne , Karsdal Morten A. , Henriksen Kim
Published: April 2017

Dementia and type 2 diabetes are both characterized by long prodromal phases, challenging the study of potential risk factors and their temporal relation. The progressive relation among metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance (IR), and dementia has recently been questioned, wherefore the aim of this study was to assess the potential association among these precursors of type 2 diabetes and cognitive dysfunction. Using data from the Prospective Epidemiological Risk Factor (PERF) Study (n = 2,103), a prospective study of elderly women in Denmark, we found that impaired fasting plasma glucose concentration was associated with 44% (9–91%) larger probability of cognitive dysfunction. In addition, subjects above the HOMA-IR threshold (HOMA-IR >2.6) had 47% (9–99%) larger odds of cognitive dysfunction. The associations could indicate that a significant proportion of dementia cases in women is likely to be preventable by effective prevention and control of the insulin homeostasis.