bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mortalidade de profissionais de enfermagem pelo Covid-19 em 2020: Brasil, Estado Unidos, Espanha e Itália
Authors: Benito Linconl Agudo Oliveira , Palmeira Ana Maria de Lima , Karnikowski Margô Gomes de Oliveira , Silva Izabel Cristina Rodrigues da
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Analisar a mortalidade de profissionais de enfermagem (PE) pelo Covid-19 no Brasil (BRA), Estados Unidos (EUA), na Espanha (ESP) e na Itália (ITA) no primeiro semestre do ano de 2020. Método: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e de abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram solicitados junto ao Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (COFEN) e disponibilizados pelo Conselho Internacional de Enfermeiras (CIE). Após a sua captação, os mesmos foram organizados no software Microsoft Excel 2016® pertencente ao pacote Microsoft Office 2016®, sendo implementada análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Foi identificado o universo de 677 registros de óbito de PE até o dia 19/05/2020. O BRA registrou a maior preponderância contabilizando 20,2% (n=137) dos casos, seguindo pelos EUA com 13,4% (n=91), ESP com 7,4% (n=50) e ITA com 5,8% (n=39). Considerações finais: Foi verificado aumento na frequência de registros de casos de mortalidade de PE por Covid-19 no recorte geográfico e histórico analisados.
Tradycje śląskiej kultury muzycznej, t. XIV, cz. 1–2, red. Anna Granat-Janki i zespół, Wrocław 2017
Authors: Przybyszewska-Jarmińska Barbara
Published: October 2020

Recenzja książki: Tradycje śląskiej kultury muzycznej, t. XIV, cz. 1–2, red. Anna Granat-Janki i zespół, Wrocław 2017
Reorientasi, Peran dan Tantangan Pendidikan Islam di tengah Pandemi
Authors: Prasetia Senata Adi , Fahmi Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Tahun 2020 menjadi tahun kelabu bagi pendidikan Islam. Pandemi COVID-19 telah merombak tatanan pendidikan Islam yang berlangsung “nyaman” selama ini. Masa depan pendidikan Islam, madrasah dan pesantren yang tersebar se-antero Nusantara terancam mengalami lost education sehingga dikhawatirkan lost generation. Kebijakan Work From Home (WFH), social and physical distancing, proses Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar (KBM) menggunakan sistem daring (online) turut meramaikan dinamika pendidikan Islam. Pembelajaran yang semula dilakukan secara luring beralih menjadi daring. Penerbitan SKB (surat keputusan bersama) empat menteri tentang penyelenggaran pembelajaran di awal tahun pelajaran 2020/2021, dan Surat Keputusan Dirjen Pendis Nomor 2791 Tahun 2020 tentang panduan kurikulum darurat bagi madrasah untuk mendukung pembelajaran di tengah pandemi Covid-19 menjadi bukti untuk itu. Keputusan kementerian di atas mengindikasikan bahwa sudah waktunya reorientasi dan peran pendidikan Islam mulai mengakselerasi format pembelajarannya. Pengadaptasian semacam ini merupakan sebuah keharusan dalam menjawab tantangan pendidikan Islam di tengah pandemi. Reorientasi dan revitalisasi peran, serta tantangan pendidikan Islam adalah keniscayaan dalam merespons suasana pandemi Covid-19 dan era disrupsi teknologi 4.0. Artikel ini hendak mengeksplorasi bagaimana reorientasi, peran dan tantangan pendidikan Islam di tengah pandemi.
Development and Validation of Performance Appraisal Scale (PAS-HSSTs) for Higher Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Muhammad Nadeem  , Dr. Seema Arif  , Dr. Muhammad Zaheer Asghar
Published: October 2020

A study was conducted to develop the research instrument for evaluating the Performance Appraisal System (PAS) at public higher secondary schools in Punjab. Data were collected from the three divisions total (N=900) male and female teachers of public schools using a multi-stage sampling technique. The questionnaire was founded on the factors elaborated in the Performance Evaluation Report (PER), National Professional Standards (NPS) for teachers. This scale is extended to evaluate the satisfaction of the teachers with the performance appraisal process. The factors taken from PER are classroom management, quality of teaching, motivation, teamwork, and punctuality, whereas Awareness, Satisfaction with PAS, Dissatisfaction with PAS, and Need for Improvement were added by the researchers to evaluate the PAS process. Performance Appraisal Scale for higher secondary school teachers (PAS-HSSTs) contained 57 items. The experts' opinion was sought to check for content validity, and a pilot study was performed with 300 teachers from public higher secondary schools. The reliability coefficient (Cronbach alpha) of the instrument was .866 for the pilot and .883 for final data. Structure Equation Modelling (SEM) was used for the validation of the instrument (PAS-HSSTs) using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The factor loadings of all items used in the scale were well above the threshold value 0.35. The SEM results indicated that Fit indices for PAS resulted in an acceptable model fit.
Learning Approaches Related to Perception of Assessment in Students at Higher Education Level
Authors: Asima Jaffar  , Dr. Saeed Anwar  , Dr. Syed Manzoor Hussain Shah
Published: October 2020

The students' perception of classroom assessment impacts their approaches towards learning. Therefore, it is a demand for Higher education institutions to reassess their assessment procedures to face the challenges posed by the changing world, and to increase the competencies of the students for their workplaces in the future. The present study aims to correlate students’ learning approaches and their perception of assessment task at higher education level, using canonical analysis. The sample consisted of 468 master level students, selected randomly, of 10 general universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Results showed that students relied on surface strategies, leading to cramming, which was allied with a high degree of authenticity of assessment. Alternate assessment strategies like peer and self-assessment can encourage conceptual learning in students and turn will help them become competent at the workplace.
Processing of Political Contents of Mass Media: An Analysis under the Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion
Authors: Dr. Imran Muslim  , Dr. Faiza Latif  , Dr. Muhammad Shabbir Sarwar
Published: October 2020

This study deals with the processing of political information disseminated through mass media. “Elaboration Likelihood Model” of persuasion was used as a framework for this study. A list comprising of general sentences used in favor and against the major political parties of Pakistan was used as “central” and “peripheral” cues. A combination of stratified and multistage cluster sampling was used to select the youth as respondents for this study. Findings of the study revealed that the Education level of the youth did not prove to be a key factor for using central cues, which are predictors of thoughtful processing of information. More than that a large majority of the youth did not gave much attention to the political contents of mass media, hence by proving that they do not care for the political happenings in the country.
Voting Pattern in District of Dir: A Case Study of Three General Elections (from 2002 to 2013)
Authors: Muhammad Rashid  , Dr. Husnul Amin
Published: October 2020

Voting pattern is one of the important themes of political science that, indicates the level of political participation of citizens in modern democracies, through the electoral process. The electoral processes have played an important role throughout history and in the overall political discourse of the modern nation-states. In this regard, this research is designed to find out the determinants of voting patterns in the two Districts of Dir. The objective of this study is to understand people’s attitudes toward electoral politics and voting practices. This study will seek to respond to the query regarding the role of multiple political factors that contribute to shaping voting patterns. The nature of the study is descriptive while using quantitative data.  The collected data is analyzed through statistical and interpretative methods. This research is based on the theoretical framework of sociological, psycho-social, and rational choice models that focus on the political determinants of the voting pattern in Districts of Dir
Parallelism of Words and their Socio-cultural Implications in Hamid Khan’s Velvet of Loss
Authors: Abdul Karim Khan
Published: October 2020

This paper analyses the parallel words that occur in various poems of Hamid Khan in the collection, “Velvet of Loss”. These words are: night, bird, dream, dawn, life, mist, dusk, and hope. The analysis of the words is based on foregrounding that is subcategorized as deviation and parallelism. Here, for the sake of brevity and restrictions of the space, only parallelism is taken into consideration and that too is delimited to the frequency of the above mentioned words in various poems of the entire collection, “Velvet of Loss”. These words are tabulated with the page numbers of the book and frequency of repetition. Moreover, these words are also shown in the 3-D pi-chart so that their frequency could be highlighted in percentage as well. This is done in order to make it reader-friendly. In addition, the words are contextualized and taken into consideration with reference to the time frames of past, present and future. Lastly, the socio-cultural implications that are foregrounded are also mentioned. This article will lead other researchers to novel directions to probe into Pakistani poetry in English. This will add to their methods of objective analysis.
Language Attitude of Pashto Speakers towards English
Authors: Dr. Syed Shujaat Ali  , Dr Ghani Rahman  , Shahabullah
Published: October 2020

The present study is concerned with the investigation of the language attitude of Pashto speakers towards English. The study aims to look into issues of language interplay of Pashto language with the English language. The study took the data from undergraduate level students through a questionnaire and found out that most of the speakers have a positive attitude towards the English language. They are of the view that through the English language they explore the world more and more because most of the materials are available in the English language and by learning it one can express himself. They opined that the government should declare English as the official language of the state once again because it is still the medium of instruction in most parts of the country. This shift of change of the official language created difficulty in learning, though they are of the view that we can contribute to society without English.
Support and Challenges during Teaching Practicum: A Survey of B. Ed (Hons) Prospective Teachers of Public Universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Mir Ahmad Shah  , Dr. Syed Munir Ahmad  , Dr. Khisro Kaleem Raza
Published: October 2020

Teaching practicum is an essential and mandatory component of any teacher education program, which is also manifested from the weightage given to it in the B.Ed. (Hons) scheme of studies. This paper explores perceptions of prospective teachers about support and challenges during teaching practicum in public universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study also sought to explore the concerns of prospective teachers of the school environment and staff, mentoring and cooperative teachers’ support, and classroom management during teaching practicum placement. Following a quantitative approach, data were collected through purposive sampling technique, using an adapted form of the Extended Practicum Learning Environment Inventory (EPELI). The study included participants from three public sector universities, namely the University of Peshawar, Islamia College University Peshawar, and Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar. The findings show that prospective teachers received support from their mentors, peers, and school administration. The results also show that that prospective teachers faced various challenges during teaching practicum, which included mentor support, teaching anxiety, coping with mischievous students, lack of support from para-teaching staff at schools, and lack of involvement in school administrative matters. For improving the quality of teaching practicum at schools, proper school – college partnerships must be maintained, structures of school-based professional support are properly and professionally developed and maintained, and a deeper awareness of learner-cantered pedagogy is enacted.
Understanding the Perceived Sport-experiences of Athletes and Officials on the Leadership Skills Development through Sport
Authors: Hazratullah Khan  , Dr. Salahuddin Khan  , Dr. Wasim Khan
Published: October 2020

The on-going research is being done to understand the existing sport-experiences of players and officials about the expansion of leadership abilities via sport. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on n=472 (394 players; 78 officials) participated in the Inter-Regional u-23 Games, 2018 organized by the Directorate General of Sport, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used for the collection of required data. The software package SPSS-24 was used to evaluate the collected data sets. Sports engagement has been found to play an important role in the expansion of leadership skills (p<.05) and the interrelationship between participation in sport and augmentation of leadership skills (.471 ** at 0.01). The inferential analysis revealed no significant difference between male and female players and coaches on the role of sport in the development of leadership skills (p > .05). However, significant differences were measured concerning the role of sport in developing important skills of leadership based on the respondents’ sport experiences (p < .05). These findings can be attributed to the promotion of the sport proponents who argue that participation in sport is considered as an important tool that helps in developing important leadership skills among youth.
An Investigation into Training of Elementary and Secondary Level Teachers Regarding Presentation Skills
Authors: Dr. Muhammad Malik  , Dr. Muhammad Naeemullah  , Mr. Wahid Mehmood
Published: October 2020

This research aimed to measure the drawbacks of in-service training Design for teachers at elementary and secondary levels in Punjab. The main objective of the study was to investigate whether training related to presentation skills is given to teachers or not. The population of the study consisted of all Trainers and Trainees (Teachers) at Elementary and Secondary level in Punjab. The sample of the study was comprised of 665 trainers and trainees and the sample for supplementary Questioners comprised of 621 trainers and trainees.  Data was collected through Questioners. Two separate Questioners were developed for trainees and trainers and a supplementary Questionnaire was also prepared to address the remaining aspects related to disaster management, Computer skills, use of social media, and multigrade teaching. Three-Point scale was used for questionnaires and weightage was given as (1) Mostly (2) To Some Extent (3) Not at All. Chi-Square test was applied for Statistical analysis. The researcher personally visited the schools and distributed questionnaires among respondents. Data collected through research instruments were tabulated, analyzed, and was discussed. Rawalpindi and Gujranwala Divisions were selected for collection of data and the study was delimited to District Attock, Rawalpindi, and Gujranwala. This Research is fruitful for trainees and trainers as well as the administration of the Training Institutes. In the end, the Findings of the research show satisfactory results but most of the areas were neglected which needs to be addressed.
Linguistic Politeness in the Marketing Discourse of Pushtoon Service Providers
Authors: Huma Iqbal  , Zainab Asghar  , Nayab Waqas Khan
Published: October 2020

The paper aims to analyze the linguistic strategies of politeness in the transactional talk of Pushtoon Salesmen with Lahori customers. The current study assumes politeness as a tool to achieve the effect of persuasion. The data was collected randomly from the naturally occurring speech of 26 Pushtoon service providers of Auriga and Barkat Market to show an unbiased representation of the group. The recorded data was then transcribed and examined using Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory. The findings of the study reveal a preference for cultural-specific address terms to soften the tone of face-threatening speech acts.  Frequent use of imperatives with kinship terms, like Baji, Bhai, etc. were employed to reduce the threatening impact of direct speech. The results imply that socio-cultural values of the region is crucial to politeness. Adopting certain polite markers, relevant to the socio-cultural values of the region, can compensate for the lack of language proficiency to some extent. Pushtoons service providers seem to have compensated for their lack of proficiency in Urdu by adopting socio-cultural values of Lahore. The present study contributes to the field of discourse construction where the ability of Pushtoon salesmen to use certain linguistic codes and elements to combine into utterances is demonstrated. The study is also a reflection of the pros and cons of a transactional interaction and can be used to train salesmen in marketing discourse.
Exploring the Role of Dialogic Teaching in Improving Learners’ Spoken English at Intermediate Level in District Bannu
Authors: Ihsan Ullah Khan
Published: October 2020

The study aims to explore the role of dialogic teaching, derived from Bakhtin's 'Dialogism', at an intermediate level in the English language teaching-learning process in District Bannu. An experimental research design was used in the study. Pre and post-tests were used for data collection. A 12th Grade Class of a public sector college was selected for the conduction of the experimental study. In this design, two groups namely, the control group and treatment group were administered pre and post-tests. Only the treatment group was given the treatment. The pre-test was designed to assess the oral proficiency of the treatment group. A paired sample t-test was used for the analysis of data. After the analyses of the data results were drawn. Data revealed that monologic teaching was prevalent in most of the classrooms, with no or very little space for the students to interact in the English language. Dialogic pedagogy proved very effective in finding out a solution to a real-world problem. Being dialogic, the pedagogy improved the oral proficiency of the students of the treatment group considerably.
Perception of attractiveness and image of regional cities in Czechia on the example of university students in České Budějovice and Ústí nad Labem
Authors: Wernerová Marie
Published: October 2020

This article deals with perceptions and spatial preferences of people. The main aim is to find out how university students perceive and evaluate attractiveness and image of regional cities of Czechia. The research is based on a questionnaire inquiry made in the cities of České Budějovice and Ústí nad Labem during March and April 2006. Three key thematic fields are examined - work, residential and recreational preferences. The results of the survey are further compared with an objective ranking composed of a group of socio-economic indicators. It was proved that perception of attractiveness is in reality influenced by subjective factors and therefore preference behaviour of students is different from the results of an objective evaluation.
The image of geography in educational documents: Contribution to the debate on the revised text of the International Charter on Geographical Education
Authors: Kuldová Silvie
Published: October 2020

The aim of the article is a brief presentation of the content of The International Charter on Geographical Education, Revised 2006 Edition, to sketch selected controversial parts of the draft and thus to stimulate a wider debate on this important geographical document in Czechia. The article focuses on the following questions: 1. Which functions and educational aims are put in geography by the revised edition of the Charter and which image of the geographical branch is offered to the society in this way? 2. Whether and how this image is different from the current dominant paradigm in the geographical discipline.
The Technology Acceptance Model in the Collaborative Learning of Web 2.0, Web 3.0 and Web 4.0: Higher Education Case Study
Authors: Chancusig Chisag Juan Carlos , Gálvez Díaz Norma Carmen , Murillo Calderón Félix Mauricio , Gamboa Cruzado Javier , Quinchimbla Pisuña Freddy Eduardo , Iza Carate Mirian Dorila , Romero Baylón Alfonso , González Ortiz Olga Lorena
Published: October 2020

Cigarette filters are one of the most littered objects in the world that damage the environment. Incorporation in construction bricks offers the prospect of limiting damage and solves the recyclability problem for a typical non-biodegradable waste. This paper aims to explore that prospect, by adding cigarette filters in the production of two samples of fired clay bricks with the cigarette filters comprising 5% and 10% of the volume. The mixing and molding processes were done manually which had an effect on the bricks when tested, The results of testing were corresponding with those of previous studies (outside Egypt), however, only one sample of 5% Cigarette butts volume bricks complied with the Egyptian standards for bricks used in non-load bearing uses. The industrial production of these bricks is highly recommended as it will surpass the required Egyptian standards, save a significant amount of natural resources and eliminate cigarette waste.
The synergistic effects of hydro and hormone priming on seed germination, antioxidant activity and cadmium tolerance in borage
Authors: Sheikhzadeh Parisa , Zare Nasser , Mahmoudi Fatemeh
Published: October 2020

This research investigated the effects of priming with water for 24 hours and hormone-priming with different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) (50, 100, 150 mg L–1) for 24 hours and hydro and hormone priming techniques either alone or in combination on the germination, growth and biochemical properties of borage seedlings under cadmium stress conditions. The results showed that cadmium stress reduces seed germination and seedling growth indices. Seed priming led to a significant increase in the germination percentage and rate, seedling dry weight and length, seedling vigor indices, as well as the catalase and peroxidase activity of borage seedlings under both cadmium stress and non-stress conditions. Among the priming treatments, the combination
of hydro and hormone priming showed the greatest effects on the improvement of germination and seedling growth under cadmium conditions,
significantly greater than those achieved with the individual uses of hydro or hormone priming. At all levels of cadmium stress, utilization of combined hydro and hormone priming led to a 0.9 to 11.53-fold, and 0.95 to 2.63-fold increase in seedling dry weight as compared with the control treatment and individual use of hydro or hormone priming, respectively. The highest activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes in
borage seedlings was obtained from seeds primed with the combination of
hydro priming with 150 mg L–1 GA3, which was significantly higher than those of the other treatments. Generally, at all levels of cadmium stress, combined hydro and hormone (specially 150 mg L–1 GA3) priming had the most positive effects on seed germination, growth and biochemical properties of borage seedlings
Breaking of dormancy in the narrow endemic Jasione supina Sieber
subsp. supina (Campanulaceae) with small seeds that do not need light to germinate
Authors: Güleryüz Gürcan , Kırmızı Serap , Arslan Hülya , Güleryüz Elif
Published: October 2020

The germination properties of Jasione supina Sieber subsp. supina (Campanulaceae), which is endemic to Mount Uludağ, Bursa, Turkey, were determined. In this study, we investigated the effects of GA3, the combination of hormone series and short-term moist chilling (1-month), and long-term moist chilling (4-month) on the germination percentage and
mean germination time in relation to seed dormancy breaking. All treatment series were incubated under continuous dark (20 °C, 24 h) and light/dark (20/10 °C, 12/12 h) conditions. Seeds were collected from specimens widespread on the alpine and subalpine grasslands and dwarf shrubs of Mount Uludağ (1800–1900 m a.s.l.). Depending on the concentration, GA3 and the combination of hormone and moist chilling treatments promoted seed germination in both dark and light/dark conditions. After 4-month-moist chilling treatment, seeds germinated 27%
in a light/dark and 80% in a dark regime. Hormone and moist chilling treatments reduced the mean germination time. Our results showed that J.
supina seeds have physiological dormancy, require prolonged times of moist chilling and preferentially complete germination in darkness.
Fiatalkorúak a büntetőeljárásban
Authors: Kretz Annamária
Published: October 2020

The author provides a comparative overview of juvenile criminal procedure in Hungary, England and Wales.
Impact of Tides on the Potential for Exoplanets to Host Exomoons
Authors: Tokadjian Armen , Piro Anthony L.
Published: October 2020

Exomoons may play an important role in determining the habitability of worlds outside of our solar system. They can stabilize conditions, alter the climate by breaking tidal locking with the parent star, drive tidal heating, and perhaps even host life themselves. However, the ability of an exoplanet to sustain an exomoon depends on complex tidal interactions. Motivated by this, we make use of simplified tidal lag models to follow the evolution of the separations and orbital and rotational periods in planet, star, and moon systems. We apply these models to known exoplanet systems to assess the potential for these exoplanets to host exomoons. We find that there are at least 36 systems in which an exoplanet in the habitable zone may host an exomoon for longer than one gigayear. This includes Kepler-1625b, an exoplanet with an exomoon candidate, which we determine would be able to retain a Neptune-sized moon for longer than a Hubble time. These results may help provide potential targets for future observation. In many cases, there remains considerable uncertainty in the composition of specific exoplanets. We show the detection (or not) of an exomoon would provide an important constraint on the planet structure due to differences in their tidal response.
Light-curve Evolution due to Secular Dynamics and the Vanishing Transits of KOI 120.01
Authors: Judkovsky Yair , Ofir Aviv , Aharonson Oded
Published: October 2020

Non-Keplerian dynamics of planetary orbits manifest in the transit light curve as variations of different types. In addition to transit timing variations, the shape of the transits contains additional information on variations in the geometry of the orbit. This study presents an analytic approach to light-curve fitting: dynamical variations in the orbital elements are transformed to a light curve using an analytic function with a restricted set of fitting parameters. Our method requires no N-body integration, resulting in a smaller number of degrees of freedom and a faster calculation. The approach described here is for the case of secular perturbations. By assuming that the orbital motion is dominated by nodal and apsidal precessions, analytic expressions for the light-curve transit parameters are derived as a function of the orbital variations. Detecting and characterizing such dynamical scenarios provides information regarding the possible existence of nontransiting companions, or the nonspherical mass distribution of the host star. The variations may imply forces out of the orbital plane, and thus probe mutual inclinations among components of the system. The derived models successfully reproduce the vanishing transit signals of KOI 120.01, and suggest a possible interesting scenario of a planet orbiting one member of a close-in binary system undergoing unusually rapid nodal regression. The model parameters are degenerate, so we provide relevant information for follow-up observations, which are suggested in order to place further constraints on this unique Kepler object.
Constraining the Bulk Composition of Disintegrating Exoplanets Using Combined Transmission Spectra from JWST and SPICA
Authors: Okuya Ayaka , Okuzumi Satoshi , Ohno Kazumasa , Hirano Teruyuki
Published: October 2020

Disintegrating planets are ultrashort-period exoplanets that appear to have a comet-like dust tail. They are commonly interpreted as low-mass planets whose solid surface is evaporating, and whose tails are made of recondensing minerals. Transmission spectroscopy of the dust tails could thus allow us to directly probe the elementary compositions of these planets. Previous work already investigated the feasibility of such observations using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) mid-infrared instrument. In this study, we explore if one can obtain a strong constrain on the tail composition by adding spectroscopy at longer wavelengths using the Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) mid-infrared instrument. We use a simple model for the spatial distribution of the dust tails and produce their synthetic transmission spectra assuming various dust compositions. We find that combined infrared spectra from JWST and SPICA will allow us to diagnose various components of the dust tails. JWST will be able to detect silicate and carbide absorption features with a feature-to-noise ratio of ≳3 in the tail transmission spectrum of a disintegrating planet located within 100 pc from the Earth, with a transit depth deeper than 0.5%. SPICA can distinguish between Fe- and Mg-bearing crystalline silicates for planets at ≲100 pc with a transit depth of ≳2%. Transit searches with current and future space telescopes (e.g., TESS and PLATO) will provide ideal targets for such spectroscopic observations.
Orbital Dynamics with the Gravitational Perturbation due to a Disk
Authors: Liu Tao , Xu Xue-Qing , Liao Xin-Hao
Published: October 2020

The secular behavior of an orbit under gravitational perturbation due to a two-dimensional uniform disk is studied in this paper, through analytical and numerical approaches. We develop the secular approximation of this problem and obtain the averaged Hamiltonian for this system first. We find that when the ratio of the semimajor axes of the inner orbit and the disk radius takes a very small value (≪1), and if the inclination between the inner orbit and the disk is greater than the critical value of 30°, the inner orbit will undergo the (classical) Lidov–Kozai resonance in which variations of eccentricity and inclination are usually very large and the system has two equilibrium points at ω = π/2, 3π/2 (ω is the argument of perihelion). The critical value will slightly drop to about 27° as the ratio increases to 0.4. However, the secular resonances will not occur for the outer orbit and the variations of the eccentricity and inclination are small. When the ratio of the orbit and the disk radius is nearly 1, there are many more complicated Lidov–Kozai resonance types which lead to orbital behaviors that are different from the classical Lidov–Kozai case. In these resonances, the system has more equilibrium points which could appear at ω = 0, π/2, π, 3π/2, and even other values of ω. The variations of eccentricity and inclination become relatively moderate, moreover, and in some cases the orbit can be maintained at a highly inclined state. In addition, an analysis shows that a Kuzmin disk can also lead to the (classical) Lidov–Kozai resonance, and the critical inclination is also 30°.
Magnetic Activity and Period Variation Studies of the Four W Uma-type Eclipsing Binaries: UV Lyn, V781 Tau, NSVS 4484038, and 2MASS J15471055+5302107
Authors: Lu Hong-peng , Zhang Li-yun , Michel Raul , Han Xianming L.
Published: October 2020

We present new photometric data and LAMOST spectra for the W UMa binaries UV Lyn, V781 Tau, NSVS 4484038, and 2MASS J15471055+5302107. The orbital and starspot parameters are obtained using the Wilson–Devinney program. Comparing the starspot parameters at different times, there are magnetic activities in these four binaries. The orbital period of UV Lyn is increasing at a rate of dP/dt = +8.9(5) × 10−8 days yr−1, which maybe due to mass transfer from the less massive component to the more massive component (dM
1/dt = −6.4 × 10−8
M
⊙ yr−1). The period variation of 2MASS J15471055+5302107 is also increasing at a rate of 6.0(4) × 10−7 days yr−1, which can be explained by mass transfer from the less massive component to the more massive component (dM
1/dt = −2.8 × 10−7
M
⊙ yr−1). The period variation of V781 Tau presents the downward parabola superimposed the cyclic oscillation. The period of V781 Tau is decreasing (dP/dt = −3.2(4) × 10−8 days yr−1), which can be explained by mass transfer from the more massive component to the less massive component (dM
2/dt = −2.2 × 10−8
M
⊙ yr−1). The cyclic oscillation may be due to the magnetic activity with a period of 30.8(5) yr rather than a third body. The period variation of NSVS 4484038 also shows the cyclic oscillation, which could be explained by the magnetic activity with 10.8(1) yr or a black hole candidate. Interestingly, there is a depth variation between the light minimum times of NSVS 4484038, which may also be caused by stellar magnetic activity.
Completing the Census of AGN in GOODS-S/HUDF: New Ultradeep Radio Imaging and Predictions for JWST
Authors: Alberts Stacey , Rujopakarn Wiphu , Rieke George H. , Jagannathan Preshanth , Nyland Kristina
Published: October 2020

A global understanding of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and their host galaxies hinges on completing a census of AGN activity without selection biases down to the low-luminosity regime. Toward that goal, we identify AGN within faint radio populations at cosmic noon selected from new ultradeep, high-resolution imaging from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array at 6 and 3 GHz. These radio data are spatially coincident with the ultradeep legacy surveys in the GOODS-S/HUDF region, particularly the unparalleled Chandra 7 Ms X-ray imaging. Combined, these data sets provide a unique basis for a thorough census of AGN, allowing simultaneous identification via (1) high X-ray luminosity, (2) hard X-ray spectra, (3) excess X-ray relative to 6 GHz, (4) mid-IR colors, (5) SED fitting, (6) radio excess via the radio–infrared relation, (7) flat radio spectra via multiband radio, and (8) optical spectroscopy. We uncover AGN in fully half our faint radio sample, indicating a source density of one AGN arcmin−2, with a similar number of radio-undetected AGN identified via X-ray over the same area. Our radio-detected AGN are majority radio-quiet, with radio emission consistent with being powered predominantly by star formation. Nevertheless, we find AGN radio signatures in our sample: ∼12% with radio excess indicating radio-loud activity, and ∼16% of radio-quiet AGN candidates with flat or inverted radio spectra. The latter is a lower limit, pending our upcoming deeper 3 GHz survey. Finally, despite these extensive data sets, this work is likely still missing heavily obscured AGN. We discuss in detail this elusive population and the prospects for completing our AGN census with James Webb Space Telescope/MIRI.
Discovery of 18 Stars with −3.10 < [Fe/H] < −1.45 in the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy*
Authors: Chiti Anirudh , Hansen Kylie Y. , Frebel Anna
Published: October 2020

Studies of the early chemical evolution of some larger dwarf galaxies (>107
M
⊙) are limited by the small number of stars known at low metallicities in these systems. Here we present metallicities and carbon abundances for eighteen stars with metallicities between −3.08 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ −1.47 in the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy, using medium-resolution spectra from the MagE spectrograph on the Magellan–Baade Telescope. This sample more than doubles the number of known very metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] ≤ −2.0) in the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, and identifies one of the first known extremely metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] ≤ −3.0) in the system. These stars were identified as likely metal-poor members of Sagittarius using public, metallicity-sensitive photometry from SkyMapper DR1.1 and proper motion data from Gaia DR2, demonstrating that this dearth of metal-poor stars in some dwarf galaxies can be addressed with targeted searches using public data. We find that none of the stars in our sample are enhanced in carbon, in contrast to the relative prevalence of such stars in the Milky Way halo. Subsequent high-resolution spectroscopy of these stars would be key in detailing the early chemical evolution of the system.
Probing Magnetic Field Morphology in Galaxy Clusters with the Gradient Technique
Authors: Hu Yue , Lazarian A. , Li Yuan , Zhuravleva Irina , Gendron-Marsolais Marie-Lou
Published: October 2020

Magnetic fields in the intracluster medium affect the structure and the evolution of galaxy clusters. However, their properties are largely unknown, and measuring magnetic fields in galaxy clusters is challenging, especially on large scales outside of individual radio sources. In this work, we probe the plane-of-the-sky orientation of magnetic fields in clusters using the intensity gradients. The technique is a branch of the gradient technique (GT) that employs emission intensity maps from turbulent gas. We utilize Chandra X-ray images of the Perseus, M87, Coma, and A2597 galaxy clusters, and the VLA radio observations of the synchrotron emission from Perseus. We find that the fields predominantly follow the sloshing arms in Perseus, which is in agreement with numerical simulations. The GT-predicted magnetic field shows signatures of magnetic draping around rising bubbles driven by supermassive black hole feedback in the centers of cool-core clusters, as well as draping around substructures merging with the Coma cluster. We calculate the mean-field orientation with respect to the radial direction in these clusters. In the central regions of cool-core clusters, the mean orientation of the magnetic fields is preferentially azimuthal. There is broad agreement between the magnetic field of Perseus predicted using the X-ray and radio data. Further numerical studies and better future observations with higher resolution and larger effective area will help reduce the uncertainties of this method.
A Catalog of 406 AGNs in MaNGA: A Connection between Radio-mode AGNs and Star Formation Quenching
Authors: Comerford Julia M. , Negus James , Müller-Sánchez Francisco , Eracleous Michael , Wylezalek Dominika , Storchi-Bergmann Thaisa , Greene Jenny E. , Barrows R. Scott , Nevin Rebecca , Roy Namrata , Stemo Aaron
Published: October 2020

Accurate active galactic nucleus (AGN) identifications and spatially resolved host galaxy properties are a powerful combination for studies of the role of AGNs and AGN feedback in the coevolution of galaxies and their central supermassive black holes. Here, we present robust identifications of 406 AGNs in the first 6261 galaxies observed by the integral field spectroscopy survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory. Instead of using optical line flux ratios, which can be difficult to interpret in light of the effects of shocks and metallicity, we identify the AGNs via mid-infrared Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer colors, Swift/BAT ultrahard X-ray detections, NVSS and FIRST radio observations, and broad emission lines in SDSS spectra. We subdivide the AGNs into radio-quiet and radio-mode AGNs, and examine the correlations of the AGN classes with host galaxy star formation rates and stellar populations. When compared to the radio-quiet AGN host galaxies, we find that the radio-mode AGN host galaxies are preferentially elliptical, lie further beneath the star-forming main sequence (with lower star formation rates at fixed galaxy mass), have older stellar populations, and have more negative stellar age gradients with galactocentric distance (indicating inside-out quenching of star formation). These results establish a connection between radio-mode AGNs and the suppression of star formation.
Fungal osteomyelitis and soft tissue infections: Simple solutions to uncommon scenarios
Authors: Chavan Ravi , Menon Aditya , Soman Rajeev , Rodrigues Camilla , Shetty Anjali , Bhadiyadra Ravi , Agashe Vikas M
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Fungal osteoarticular/soft tissue infections (FOaSI) are an uncommon entity with protracted course due to variability in clinical picture, slow progression; resulting in misdiagnosis with empirical therapy. Recent studies have shown an alarming emergence of FOaSI in immunocompetent individuals with high mortality rates. This study recommends a protocol for managing these complex and confusing scenarios.

Methodology: We have retrospectively analysed patients with FOaSI between January 2014 and December 2016, with a minimum 12 months follow up.

Results: 8 cases (6 male, 2 female) with a mean age of 42.88 years (26-53) presented to us 45 days (3-365) after initial symptoms. They underwent mean 3 procedures before being diagnosed with a fungal infection. Deep tissue cultures grew 9 fungi and 6 bacteria, commonest fungus being Candida sp (n = 4), treated with appropriate antifungals and antibiotics. Infection remission was achieved in 7/8 (87.5%) cases at 27.1 months (19-45) follow-up with 1 mortality. Excellent functional results as per our criteria were seen in 5 cases (62.5%) with 1 talus excision, 1 ray amputation and 1 mortality.

Conclusions: This study highlights the significance of implementing a simple rule such as obtaining fungal cultures in every case of bone and soft tissue infections. Standardisation of treatment may not be the ideal solution, since different fungi have different growth patterns and invasiveness. A simple protocol of customising the medico- surgical treatment with an open ended discussion between the surgeons, microbiologists, pathologists and infectious disease specialists forms the cornerstone to success.
Leclercia adecarboxylata as an emerging pathogen in human infections: a 13-year retrospective analysis in Southern Hungary
Authors: Gajdács Márió , Ábrók Marianna , Lázár Andrea , Terhes Gabriella , Burián Katalin
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The clinical role of Leclercia adecarboxylata as an opportunistic pathogen in the context of human infections have been highlighted by multiple published case reports, describing these bacteria as novel or emerging pathogens.

Methodology: The study included L. adecarboxylata isolates and laboratory data collected, corresponding to a 13-year time period (between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2017). Presumptively identified L. adecarboxylata isolates were re-identified using VITEK 2 Compact ID/AST and MALDI-TOF MS analysis.

Results: n = 34 isolates were verified by VITEK 2 system and MALDI-TOF. The fosfomycin-agar and CPS Elite agar were effective in the phenotypic differentiation of the isolates. N = 18 (52.9%) of L. adecarboxylata was considered as clinically significant pathogens (based on the clinical signs and symptoms), while n = 16 (47.1%) were considered as contaminants. These pathogens were isolated from wound/abscess samples (n = 9), urine samples (n = 6) and blood cultures (n = 3). 31 out of 34 isolates (91.2%) were pan-sensitive (i.e. wild type) to the tested antibiotics. The median age of affected patients was 57 years (range: 12-80 years), 11 out of 18 patients (61.1%) presented with underlying immunosuppression at the time of isolation.

Conclusions: Based on the finding of this study, the actual (published) frequency of L. adecarboxylata infections needs to be re-evaluated as the risk of misidentification (and reporting the isolate as a pan-sensitive Escherichia coli) is high. Additional reporting of cases, both from a microbiological and clinical standpoint, could help clinicians develop a better understanding of the potential of this organism as a pathogen.
Could “trained immunity” be induced by live attenuated vaccines protect against COVID-19? Review of available evidence
Authors: Alsulaiman Jomana W , Khasawneh Ashraf I , Kheirallah Khalid A
Published: October 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a severe global public health threat. Caused by SARS-Cov-2, COVID-19 is characterized by high transmission rate that correlates with high viral load. The full clinical spectrum of the illness, the prevalence rates of mild symptomatic and asymptomatic cases, and the case fatality rates are still poorly understood, highlighting the importance of early preventive measures. Unfortunately, appropriate vaccination against SARS-Cov-2 is not yet available. Unless a target vaccine is developed, COVID-19 impacts will be devastating.

“Trained immunity” (TI), which could be induced by live attenuated vaccines (LAVs), is a potential public health preventive approach to boost the host immune system. Trained innate immune cells demonstrated phenotypical and functional changes leading them to acquire immunological memory and amplify their responses against subsequent infections. This phenomenon could have important public health preventive implications by harnessing the early immune responses against COVID-19, restricting its progression, and suppressing its infectivity.

Some LAVs have induced a broad, nonspecific, protection against unrelated pathogens and decreased mortality from conditions other than the targeted infectious diseases. This review summarizes the relevant literature and 1) emphasizes the role of available LAVs as potential stimulants for TI and 2) proposes this phenomenon as a potential preventive approach against COVID-19 that needs thoughtful consideration and further investigation. Clinical trials in this field are then urgently needed in line of vaccine and treatment unavailability. This is specifically true when considering two evolving scenarios; the virus spread may not diminish with warm weather, and that it will erupt a second-hit severe outbreak next winter.
Forecasting daily confirmed COVID-19 cases in Malaysia using ARIMA models
Authors: Singh Sarbhan , Murali Sundram Bala , Rajendran Kamesh , Boon Law Kian , Aris Tahir , Ibrahim Hishamshah , Chandra Dass Sarat , Singh Gill Balvinder
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The novel coronavirus infection has become a global threat affecting almost every country in the world. As a result, it has become important to understand the disease trends in order to mitigate its effects. The aim of this study is firstly to develop a prediction model for daily confirmed COVID-19 cases based on several covariates, and secondly, to select the best prediction model based on a subset of these covariates.

Methodology: This study was conducted using daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 collected from the official Ministry of Health, Malaysia (MOH) and John Hopkins University websites. An Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was fitted to the training data of observed cases from 22 January to 31 March 2020, and subsequently validated using data on cases from 1 April to 17 April 2020. The ARIMA model satisfactorily forecasted the daily confirmed COVID-19 cases from 18 April 2020 to 1 May 2020 (the testing phase).

Results: The ARIMA (0,1,0) model produced the best fit to the observed data with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value of 16.01 and a Bayes Information Criteria (BIC) value of 4.170. The forecasted values showed a downward trend of COVID-19 cases until 1 May 2020. Observed cases during the forecast period were accurately predicted and were placed within the prediction intervals generated by the fitted model.

Conclusions: This study finds that ARIMA models with optimally selected covariates are useful tools for monitoring and predicting trends of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia.
First records of the Dendroxena quadrimaculata (Scopoli, 1771) (Coleoptera, Silphidae) in Tyumen region and possible reasons for its range expansion in Western Siberia
Authors: Stolbov Vitaly A. , Sergeeva Elena V.
Published: October 2020

The paper presents data on the first records of Dendroxena quadrimaculata (Scopoli, 1771) in the Tyumen region. D. quadrimaculata is distributed in the European part of Russia, Caucasus and south of Siberia. This species was not previously recorded in the Tyumen region, but within two years (2018–2019), it spread throughout the region. We considered the possible reasons for its range expansion in Western Siberia.