bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategy for the development of digital competence in the national education system of Ukrainian socety
Authors: Batyuk Liliya , Zhernovnykova Oksana
Published: January 2023

The article examines the issue of the strategy for the development of digital competence in the national education system of Ukrainian society under the influence of intensive development of ICT and in the context of practical recommendations provided by UNESCO regarding the structure of ICT competence of teachers. It was determined that there is no uniform policy of ICT education transformation in public institutions of Ukraine and there are no ICT standards - competences of participants in the educational process. The conceptual vision of informatization of the national education system of Ukraine is described, in the context of strengthening the role of digital competences and technologies. A comparative analysis of the large-scale informatization of the global education system, which led to the emergence of new methods and forms of education, was carried out. It is emphasized that the national education system of Ukraine is slowly introducing new methods and forms of education, which leads to a decrease in the competitiveness of Ukrainian education in the globalized educational space, and as a result leads to a decrease in the country's competitiveness in socio-economic and scientific and technical progress as a whole.
Study of changes in proteolytic systems of rats under conditions of experimental chronic prostatitis
Authors: Kashtelyan O. , Savytskyi I. , Liulko S. , Mizevych Y. , Sarahan V.
Published: January 2023

The aim of our research – to analyze the mechanisms of regulation of the body's proteolytic systems during inflammation, detection of inflammation markers in blood and prostate secretions in the simulation of chronic prostatitis (CP) in rats. 1. The leading link in the pathogenesis of many diseases is a change in the structure and functions of biological membranes – membranopathy, the consequence of which is a violation of histochemical barriers, which is manifested in an increase in the excretion of certain metabolites in the extracellular fluid. In the case of experimental CP in rats, the appearance in the secretion of the prostate gland of the components of KKS, which are determined in the secretion of the normal prostate in trace amounts, was noted. Inflammatory damage to the prostate was also evidenced by an increase in the proteolytic potential of prostate secretion due to an increase in kallikrein activity on the 21st day by 807.1% (р˂0.05), which leads to massive kininogenesis. Depletion of the adaptive and compensatory potential of the prostate gland was evidenced by a decrease in prekallikrein by 21.7% (р˂0.05) compared to the intact group of animals. A sharp increase in the activity of kallikrein in CP is probably compensated by an increase in the activity of its specific inhibitor – α2-macroglobulin, the level of which in the secretion of the CP increased on 225 % on the 21st day of the experiment compared to intact rats, and the increase in proteolytic potential – by an increase of 125 % in the inhibitory activity of α1-PI, a protein of the acute phase of inflammation. An increase in the content and activity of KKS components in the secretion of the prostate testifies to its inflammatory damage and violation of the permeability of the hematoprostatic barrier, which can be an important diagnostic criterion.
Hypersonic Weapons – Selected Political and Strategic Issues
Authors: Czajkowski Marek
Published: January 2023

This article aims to shed some light on the impact of the emergence of hypersonic weapons on strategic and political realities. Firstly, it briefly describes the underlying laws of physics and technologies related to hypersonics. Secondly, it investigates the strategic and political consequences of developing the new weapons systems. The general assumption is that already fielded hypersonic weapons systems, and those that will enter service in the foreseeable future will not significantly change the global strategic balance. It is because, to a great extent, disadvantages offset the advantages the technology may provide. On the other hand, the political significance of developing hypersonic military technology is much higher, as it is a source of prestige, particularly important from the Chinese and Russian points of view.
Putting Comprehensive Defence to Work: What Can Poland Learn from the Baltic States?
Authors: Cieślak Eugeniusz
Published: January 2023

The article analyses Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian developments in the implementation of comprehensive defense concepts. The analysis is intentionally limited to post-2014 period, when efforts by the Baltic States intensified in response to Russian aggression against Ukraine and the illegal annexation of Crimea. The article begins with a brief review of national perspectives on total and comprehensive defense. Then, it discusses the factors that prompted the Baltic States’ adoption of comprehensive defense. A comparative analysis of the concepts developed and actions taken by Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania serves as a starting point for a discussion on development and implementation of comprehensive defense for Poland. The research uses a critical analysis of publicly available governmental documents synthesized with academic and think tank research on the subject. The article purposefully concludes before 24 February 2022 and Russian aggression against Ukraine in order to avoid unsupported speculation on decisions and actions taken by the Baltic States in response to the war.
Cyber Pearl Harbor is Not Coming: US Politics Between War and Peace
Authors: Dziwisz Dominika
Published: January 2023

In 2012, the US Defense Secretary Leon E. Panetta warned against an inevitable ‘cyber-Pearl Harbor’, an attack that would cause physical destruction and loss of life. Even though the darkest scenarios have not come true, his words shaped the perception of conflicts in cyberspace.1 Recently, between the cyberwar and cyberpeace, states started recognizing a grey zone area – aggressive and offensive actions below the threshold of armed aggression that enable gaining strategic advantage. The aim of the article is to describe and discuss the change in the American approach to managing conflicts in the cyberspace. The focus will be on describing the current state of the concept of the grey zone in the US strategic documents, as well as the premises for forecasting the development of the grey zone in the future.
In Anticipation of New Migration Crises
Authors: Stępka Maciej
Published: January 2023

The concept of resilience has been commonly recognized as a new leitmotif of security governance in the European Union. In the aftermath of the so-called ‘migration crisis’, resilience has spilled over migration and border management, promoting the notions of resilient Schengen and broadly understood technologization of border management, to name a few. This trend has been only strengthened during the COVID-19 pandemic and the most recent border and refugee crises on the EU eastern border, which have mainstreamed the notions of anticipation, preparedness, and the ability to withstand shocks and disturbances external to the EU as a whole. Building on these developments, this article discusses how anticipatory governance interlocks with resilience within the newly proposed EU migration crisis management framework. In doing so, it provides a more nuanced picture of the EU’s post-2015 and 2016 approach to human mobility, asylum, and border protection. Such a take will also allow us to see how exactly the EU has adapted to new migratory circumstances, while conceptualizing the uncertainties related to increased migratory flows and operationalizing specific anticipatory and resilience-centered policy responses.
Energy Policy of Poland until 2040: The Challenges and Threats to Energy Security in the Next Two Decades
Authors: Hebda Wiktor
Published: January 2023

Poland’s energy transformation will be carried out over the next two decades, and its main objective is decarbonization. Specific goals are included in the energy policy of Poland until 2040. In this context, it should be emphasized that the Polish energy sector requires a complete modernization, especially in terms of electricity supply. The current state of affairs is a consequence of the still too high use of coal in the energy mix. The planned investments are to lead to a deep transition in the Polish energy sector, which will ensure the energy security of the state. The Polish energy policy proposes several methods that are to be used for modernization, i.e., gasification of the electricity sector, implementation of nuclear energy, or the development of renewable energy sources. In this context, it is necessary to identify the challenges and threats to Poland’s energy security. The article presents the current state of the Polish energy sector, the main goals of the EPP 2040 and the resulting threats to energy security.
The Financial Literacy of College Students: Evidence From India
Authors:   School of Liberal Education, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India, Dahiya Manju , Özen Ercan ,   Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Uşak, Turkey, Yadav Kisan ,   School of Liberal Education, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
Published: January 2023

This article attempts to assess the financial literacy of college students in India through the application of a questionnaire. The OECD/INFE Toolkit for Measuring Financial Literacy was employed to collect primary data from a random sample of 400 active university students, using financial behavior, financial knowledge, and financial attitude as variables. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS. This study finds that the Indian students surveyed have low financial literacy, with a score of 11.82 on a scale of 21. Students have very low awareness of compound interest, the erosion of buying power due to inflation, the benefits of diversification, and the use of credible information for financial decision-making. Financial literacy is indispensable for making proper financial decisions and financial education is important for students. Increased financial literacy will result in less financial concern and greater financial wellbeing. Keywords: Financial literacy, Financial wellbeing, College students.
Short Communication: Thromboplerous hyphae of the ectomycorrhizal mushroom Rhizopogon roseolus with and without a host tree
Authors: PUTRA IVAN PERMANA , AIMI TADANORI , SHIMOMURA NORIHIRO
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Putra IP, Aimi, T, Shimomura N. 2022. Short Communication: Thromboplerous hyphae of the ectomycorrhizal mushroom Rhizopogon roseolus with and without a host tree. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 47-52. Thromboplerous hyphae are modified hyphae found in the basidiocarp of many agarics. However, data on their development and function as well as on their formation in pure cultures of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms are scarce. The aim of the present study was to characterize the cytological descriptions of thromboplerous hyphae from pure cultures of Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda) Th.M. Fr. with or without the host pine tree Pinus thunbergii Parl. Thromboplerous hyphae formed on the mycelium and mycelial cords in all experimental settings. Results revealed that thromboplerous hyphae were extremely melanized, smooth, cracked on the surface, and swollen at both hyphal termini. Thromboplerous hyphae produced with a host were mainly unbranched in shape in contrast to those formed without a host that possessed additional twisted, semi-twisted, and branched forms. Some thromboplerous hyphae that grew without a host had large diameters, and few showed notable septa and clamp connections. The present study also provides evidence of the initial development of thromboplerous hyphae via vegetative hyphae and tubular hyphae. This study contributes to understanding the cytology of thromboplerous hyphae grown with and without a host tree. Further investigations on the specific functions of thromboplerous hyphae are needed to deepen the current knowledge of fungal cytology.
In vitro thrombolytic activity of Moringa oleifera
Authors: KUNWAR BHAVIKA , JAIN VARTIKA , VERMA S. K.
Published: January 2023

Moringa oleifera Lam. (Family Moringaceae) is a medium sized perennial tree, commonly known as drumstick tree, horse raddish tree, miracle tree, sahjan, shobhanjana, munga arak, etc., in different languages. Leaves, flowers and pods of the plant are edible. Various parts of the plant are utilized for treatment of several diseases by ethnic communities, including heart ailments. Leaves and flowers of M. oleifera were assessed for preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis and in vitro thrombolytic potential. Preliminary phytochemical screening has shown presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, tannins, amino acids and carbohydrates in leaves and flowers of M. oleifera. Two types of methanolic extracts of both leaves (MEL-I and MEL-II) and flowers (MEF-I and MEF-II) were used for assessment of percent clot lysis. A significant in vitro clot lysis activity of MEL-I (36.64±1.55%), MEL-II (41.40±2.02%) and MEF-I (19.07±2.36%) and MEF-II (20.52±1.51%) was demonstrated in a concentration of one mg/ml as compared to negative control distilled water and positive control streptokinase for the first time. The edible plant's observed thrombolytic potential may be employed to prevent athero-thrombotic cardiovascular diseases. Further investigations are required to isolate the bioactive molecule responsible for the thrombolytic action.
Effect of storage temperature and packing materials on seed germination and seed storage behavior of Schefflera abyssinica
Authors: BAREKE TURA , ADDI ADMASSU , ROBA KASIM , KUMSA TOLERA
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Bareke T, Addi A, Roba K, Kumsa T. 2022. Effect of storage temperature and packing materials on seed germination and seed storage behavior of Schefflera abyssinica. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 141-147. Knowledge of seed storage behavior is crucial for developing appropriate ex-situ conservation strategies. The main objective of this study was to determine the seed storage behavior of Schefflera abyssinica (Hochst. ex A. Rich.). A factorial combination of three temperatures (-10, 0, and 22°C) levels, two types of packing containers (polythene bag and aluminum bag), and eight periods of storage (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 days, and for a year) level was used to determine the germination capacity and storage behavior of the seeds. Accordingly, seed storage temperatures and storage period (up to 1 year) have a significant effect on the germination (p<0.01) of S. abyssinica. The highest average germination percentage of S. abyssinica seeds was obtained after 2 months of storage under all conditions. The seed storage period influences the germination of S. abyssinica by 47.8%. The germination percentages of S. abyssinica seeds have shown significant differences in storage temperatures. Seeds stored at -10°C showed the highest germination percentage in all storage periods compared to the two storage temperatures. Generally, the highest germination capacity of S. abyssinica seeds was between 7% and 9% moisture content after 60 and 90 days of storage. Packing materials have no significant difference in the survival of seeds. No stored seeds germinated after one year of storage at room temperature, 0°C, and -10°C. Based on the definition of seed storage behavior, we conclude that seeds of S. abyssinica have intermediate storage.
Detection of Vibrio sp. on vaname shrimp (Litopanaeus vannamei) cultivation pond in Gorontalo, Indonesia
Authors: ULFIANI PENI , HASAN ANI M. , RETNOWATI YULIANA
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Ulfiani P, Hasan AM, Retnowati Y. 2022. Detection of Vibrio sp. on vaname shrimp (Litopanaeus vannamei) cultivation pond in Gorontalo, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 340-346. Vibrio is a pathogenic bacteria that can attack cultured shrimp. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the intensity of water changes and efforts to control water quality to maintain dissolved oxygen levels and manage organic matter content in ponds to prevent the increase of pathogenic bacteria, especially Vibrio. In addition, water physicochemical factors can influence the presence and population of Vibrio bacteria in ponds. This study aims to determine the presence of Vibrio sp. in vaname shrimp culture ponds in Gorontalo, Indonesia. Descriptive quantitative analysis was used to analyze the data collected from this study. Shrimp pond water samples were obtained from shrimp ponds in Molosipat Village, West Popayato Sub-district, Pohuwato District, Gorontalo, Indonesia, using a purposive sampling technique with an interval of three days from the first water change to the last before the water change in one period (approximately 10 days). The water samples were subjected to physicochemical analysis, including temperature, pH, salinity, ammonia, nitrate, and dissolved oxygen. The results showed that there were Vibrio bacteria in the Thiosulfate Citrate BileSalt Sucrose Agar (TCBSA) medium with a population that tends to increase in the range of 1.0 × 103 - 2.7 × 104 CFU/mL. The isolation results showed that two isolates were named ISL1 and ISL2, with the colony morphology characters of ISL1 isolates being green and ISL2 isolates being yellow. The results of microscopic observations of the two isolates showed comma-shaped and gram-negative cells. Molecular identification using the 16S rRNA gene and reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree using the Neighbor-Joining algorithm showed that ISL1 isolate is very closely related to Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain 11-1 (relationship level 99%) and ISL2 is closely related to V. parahaemolyticus strain B2-1 (relationship level 86%).
ANÁLISE DOS PADRÕES INTERNACIONAIS DE GOVERNANÇA PÚBLICA NAS UNIVERSIDADES DO NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Negrão Maria Arabelly de Lima , Rodrigues Junior Manuel Salgueiro
Published: January 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo central verificar a perspectiva dos gestores quanto ao estágio da gestão das universidades públicas do Nordeste à luz dos padrões internacionais de Governança Pública. A pesquisa se justifica pela importância de estudar as práticas de gestão das instituições de ensino superior públicas para a melhoria da gestão. No que concerne ao procedimento utilizado, trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva que faz uso da metodologia survey. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário encaminhado aos membros da alta administração das Universidades públicas do Nordeste com roteiro amparado nos princípios de governança. De acordo com a percepção dos reitores e pró-reitores consultados, o percentual geral de aderência às boas práticas foi 79,15%, que foi considerado um nível de aderência alto. Os dois princípios com maior adesão foram Integridade, ética e compliance (86,90%) e Transparência e accountability (85,71%). Os princípios com menor aderência aos padrões internacionais de governança foram Gestão de riscos e de desempenho (71,96%) e Alcance de resultados (74,29%). Sendo assim, uma importante contribuição da pesquisa é indicar que estabelecer indicadores de desempenho para nortear o alcance de resultados das Universidades públicas é um aspecto da gestão a ser melhorado.
RETORNOS ANORMAIS PERSISTENTES APÓS O ANÚNCIO DE RECOMPRA DE AÇÕES: A ATENÇÃO DOS INVESTIDORES É DETERMINANTE?
Authors: Minsky Diego Luis , Valcanover Vanessa Martins , Da Costa Junior Newton Carneiro Affonso
Published: January 2023

Verificou-se se a atenção limitada dos investidores aos anúncios de recompra explica a existência de retornos anormais persistentes em ações listadas no Brasil entre 2008 e 2014. Empregou-se o estudo de eventos, sendo o evento a data de aprovação da recompra de ações. A amostra envolveu 122 empresas, que juntas divulgaram 381 programas de recompra. Empresas que anunciaram recompras foram agrupadas em alto turnover (detém alta atenção dos investidores) e baixo turnover (detém baixa atenção). O grupo de alta atenção apresentou média de retornos anormais após anúncio de recompra maior que o grupo de baixa atenção, enquanto retornos persistentes após o anúncio foram maiores para o grupo de baixa atenção. Testes não-paramétricos não retornaram diferenças significativas entre as médias dos grupos. Percentuais efetivamente recomprados apontaram maior índice de recompra para o grupo de baixa atenção, reforçando que a atenção limitada pode explicar as diferenças na recompra entre os grupos.
ASSOCIAÇÃO DO SENTIMENTO DO INVESTIDOR COM CICLOS DE MERCADO: EVIDÊNCIAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Brito Anderson Dias , Santos Allisson Silva dos , Moura Filho Gerson Borges de , Martins Orleans Silva
Published: January 2023

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a associação do sentimento do investidor com os ciclos de mercado acionário no Brasil. A amostra foi composta pelas empresas de capital aberto listadas na B3 S.A. – Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão, com dados de 2007 a maio de 2020. Para verificar possíveis associações entre o sentimento do investidor e o desempenho do mercado acionário brasileiro foi utilizada a correlação de Pearson e o método econométrico da análise de regressão. Os resultados evidenciam que para os momentos com crises, o sentimento do investidor apresentou relação positiva com o mercado acionário brasileiro, sendo essa relação mais intensa durante as crises internacionais. Quanto mais se aproxima do período de contração da crise, a associação do sentimento do investidor com o desempenho do IBOVESPA é maior. Com isso, o mercado acionário brasileiro é sensível ao sentimento do investidor nos períodos de crise.
Voces y experiencias de mujeres mapuche en tiempos de revoluciones feministas
Authors: Ibarra Eliessetch María Ignacia , Rain Rain Alicia , Richards Patricia
Published: January 2023

Nos hemos propuesto en este artículo, desde una apuesta descolonial y con perspectiva interseccional, analizar las luchas históricas que mujeres mapuche han llevado adelante para reivindicar derechos de su pueblo y la equidad de género. Llamamos atención sobre el protagonismo que han tenido mujeres mapuche en la coyuntura reciente: en los procesos constitucionales, en los debates sobre el proyecto neoliberal, el extractivismo y el racismo institucional, y en las alianzas estratégicas con los movimientos feministas. Las mujeres mapuche han instalado a asuntos como el extractivismo, el despojo y el racismo como asuntos feministas y también han interpelado al movimiento feminista a considerar sus experiencias que son producto de vivencias históricas de despojo y opresión, no solo desde el Estado ni de los varones, sino que también por las mujeres wingkas o blanco-mestizas. Este artículo pone el foco en las prácticas y voces de mujeres mapuche, haciéndose presentes en el movimiento feminista y anticolonial dando cuenta de las desigualdades existentes en el Chile actual.
La protesta mapuche y la extensión del estado de emergencia en Wallmapu
Authors: Gálvez Diego , Rojas Pedemonte Nicolás
Published: January 2023

Este artículo es el análisis de los conflictos en territorio mapuche, ocurridos durante el año 2021, que forma parte del segundo año consecutivo de pandemia sociosanitaria. A partir de la revisión y estudio de diferentes periódicos en línea, se identificó una concentración de la protesta en las zonas de Cañete y Tirúa, la zona rural de Collipulli y Ercilla, y el núcleo urbano de Temuco. Se puso atención en el rol que jugó el desarrollo de la Convención Constitucional y la continuidad del Estado de Excepción Constitucional que exacerbó la presencia de fuerzas armadas y policiales en el territorio. Se alerta sobre las pugnas de convivencia existentes entre particulares y vecinos, así como también entre colonos y comunidades mapuche en el Wallmapu
Recapitulando el 2021: Covid, Convención Constituyente y Estado de excepción en Wallmapu
Authors: Caniguan Velarde Natalia
Published: January 2023

El año 2021 estuvo marcado por el desarrollo de la Convención Constituyente, hecho inédito en nuestro país tanto por el proceso que ello implicaba, como por la participación en este espacio de escaños reservados de pueblos originarios, que se volverán actores claves dentro de la convención, fijando demandas que se arrastran de larga data por los pueblos. Será también un año en que la pandemia del COVID-19 sigue presente en el país y sus consecuencias sociales se hacen latentes. El sur de Chile, o lo que se ha denominado Macrozona Sur desde las políticas de seguridad del gobierno, vivirá una nueva militarización tendiente a aplacar el conflicto que sostiene el Estado chileno con el Pueblo Mapuche. Estos elementos serán revisados en este artículo, recapitulando lo acontecido durante el 2021 en relación con el Pueblo Mapuche.
protesta social en América Latina: los casos de Brasil, Argentina, Colombia y Chile (2018-2021)
Authors: Nava Agustín
Published: January 2023

Por medio de un estudio cuantitativo y comparativo se analizan los procesos de protesta social que tuvieron lugar en Brasil, Argentina, Chile y Colombia entre los años 2018-2021. A partir del análisis cuantitativo se elaboró un mapa de la protesta social, identificando la fisonomía que adquiere la misma en términos de actores principales, demandas centrales y temporalidades e intensidades específicas. El análisis realizado nos ha permitido problematizar cómo las características y dinámica de la protesta social en los países de América Latina que hemos seleccionado, refleja (y condiciona) una serie de tendencias claves con respecto al desarrollo económico y político de la región.
Els secrets de les inscripcions i les inscripcions secretes del Paranimf de la Universitat de Barcelona
Authors: Quetglas Nicolau Pere
Published: January 2023

La decoració del Paranimf de la Universitat de Barcelona conté, entre d’altres, dos elements destacats: les inscripcions representatives de les facultats en el moment de la construcció de l’edifici i el programa pictòric que pretén ser una representació de les diferents etapes culturals del país. En l’article, s’ofereix, d’una banda, la justificació de les inscripcions més destacades i es descobreix l’existència una inscripció fins ara ignorada i que es troba present en la pintura de Dinonís Baixeras relativa al IV Concili de Toledo.
Los cónsules generales de Chile en España (1886-1931)
Authors: Carrellan Ruiz Juan Luis
Published: January 2023

Esta contribución analiza la historia del Consulado General de Chile en España a través de las trayectorias y las actividades de los cónsules generales entre 1886 y 1931. Para la reconstrucción de estas funciones profesionales se ha consultado la documentación existente en diferentes archivos, principalmente en el Archivo Histórico Nacional de Madrid, memorias de organismos oficiales e informaciones de prensa.
De iniciativas privadas y acciones oficiales. Uruguay y el americanismo catalán hasta 1930
Authors: Cagiao Vila Pilar
Published: January 2023

Este artículo, que aborda los vínculos del americanismo catalán con Uruguay, presta atención a los principales hitos acontecidos antes de su aparición formal a comienzos del siglo xx y los cambios producidos posteriormente. A través de fuentes inéditas, tanto españolas como uruguayas, analiza el papel de quienes fueron sus artífices, entre los que se destaca a los promotores privados y agentes consulares, y los mecanismos utilizados por todos ellos en momentosclave de esa relación transatlántica.
Noves fórmules de gestió dels conflictes territorials de sobirania. La juridificació del dret a decidir
Authors: Alvarez Amalur
Published: January 2023

Aquest treball pretén estudiar i construir un marc polític i jurídic al voltant del dret de decidir. Per això, s'endinsa en els debats més rellevants que han sorgit els darrers anys sobre aquest nou fenomen polític i jurídic, en concret el debat sobre la base i el fonament polític del dret a decidir, el seu encaix constitucional, o les vies procedimentals per al seu exercici. En definitiva, es construeix una argumentació sòlida per justificar el dret a decidir com una categoria política nova amb substantivitat pròpia.
Soberanías populares en el siglo XXI: vino nuevo en viejos odres.
Authors: Zubiaga Garate Mario , Ubasart González Gemma
Published: January 2023

El mundo contemporáneo está siendo sacudido por procesos disruptivos que aparentemente escapan a nuestro control. A las tensiones derivadas de la crisis de la hegemonía occidental en un mundo cada vez más multipolar se le suma la clara constatación de que estamos llegando al límite de la sostenibilidad planetaria. La necesidad de hacer frente a la transición energética en un contexto de escasez de recursos se agrava por la crisis climática y la multiplicación de conflictos bélicos que provocan movimientos masivos de población depauperada. Como consecuencia, las tensiones geoestratégicas se manifiestan en todas las escalas territoriales, tanto supra como subestatales. La soberanía –la capacidad de decidir de forma efectiva sobre un territorio y una población determinadas–, y la manera de entender las comunidades políticas más allá y acá del Estado-nación, vuelven a estar en el centro del debate público.
Y es que estos procesos, aun siendo caóticos, no son fenómenos naturales. Son consecuencia de decisiones conscientes que la mayor parte de las veces escapan al control democrático. En efecto, esta incertidumbre global está siendo gestionada a espaldas de la ciudadanía y supera casi siempre las capacidades de los gobiernos nacionales. Este doble déficit es una de las principales causas de la conflictividad (post)nacional en el siglo XXI.
El monográfico parte de la constatación de esta deriva desdemocratizadora a escala planetaria y analiza diversas alternativas teóricas y prácticas que aspiran, no solo a contener dicha deriva, sino a invertir las tendencias autoritarias que están agravando la desigualdad, la restricción de derechos y libertades y la expropiación de la soberanía popular en todas las escalas de decisión.
Becoming Molecular as a Condition for Creating New Spaces of Freedom
Authors: Alonso Christian
Published: January 2023

This volume includes texts by authors who are explicitly inspired by the ecosophical pragmatics of Félix Guattari or who resonate with it. Published in a blend of English and Spanish, the thirteen articles were written by researchers, artists, art historians, philosophers, and schizoanalysts from Asia, America, and Europe. Their methods, ideas, and approaches highlight the ability of creative practice to map and engender complex, relational, singularized, transversal, and constitutive forms of life. Departing from bold analyses of capitalism’s mechanisms of subjection, their contributions describe how art is able to resist the repressive politics of dominant representations and mobilize processes of existential heterogenesis through molecular becomings. The origin of this publication is the IV International Symposium Mutant ecologies in contemporary art: machinic capitalism, molecular beings, and subsistence territories that took place online on November 25-26, 2020, which had as special guest the philosopher and art theorist Gerald Raunig. This special issue of the Journal of Global Studies and Contemporary Art builds on the project started with the book Mutating Ecologies in Contemporary Art (Edicions de la Universitat de Barcelona) which investigated the conjunction of the ecological turn in contemporary art and Guattarian ecosophy to inquire about the role of art in light of the challenges posed by the environmental degradation and the socio-political crises of today. Thirty years after Guattari’s death and the publication of Chaosmosis (1992), this collection of texts testifies that Guattari’s clinical and critical analyses continue to infuse artistic, ecological, and political practice with a revolutionary potential.
(Re)thinking Critique: Transversal and Ethico-Aesthetic Dimensions in Partaking Practices
Authors: Bippus Elke
Published: January 2023

The article examines critique in relation to current theories pursued and addressed in contemporary art and activism. The conception of a “partaking critique” seeks to conceive critique beyond universalising abstractions and totalising gestures. By reformulating critique as a partaking practice, we set ourselves in relation to the current demands and urgencies of a world that must confront the challenges of climate change, migration flows, inequalities between the global north and south, and the mistrust of democracy. We find it important that critique results not merely in a judging and condemning analysis and the division between correct and false. A “partaking critique” deals with historical conditions and traditional formulations of critique. Critique as a partaking practice is situated, local, transversal, and reparative, and thus mobilises dispositions to act in a panorama of neo-liberal mechanisms of paralysis and paranoia.

We developed our understanding of critique based on our engagement with critical examples at the crossroads of artistic and activist practices, such as Colectivo Situaciones, which in the scope of this article can only be briefly presented. We queried, shifted and transformed the concept of critique employing discourse analysis and a close reading of critical (queer)feminist concepts of the late 1980s. The perspectives taken by Donna Haraway and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick allow us to place the focus not on negative critique but on instituent and transversal processes, and thus on rethinking the transformative potentials of ethico-aesthetic practices.

The current socio-political and ecological challenges require a thinking that transverses and queers traditional valorisations of critique: we do not offer a universal, objective and strong theory, but instead favour categories of partiality, situatedness and responsibility. Critique as a practice of partaking is communicated not as the judgement of a critical subject, but in, through and with instituent processes as well as in materialities.
The Artwork as Assemblage. New Materialist Perspectives on Aesthetics
Authors: Ohls Hauke
Published: January 2023

To analyse an artwork using the philosophical theory of the assemblage is to expand one’s view of how artworks can be interpreted. In the various and often wildly differing concepts of new materialism, the assemblage acts as a way of describing the agency of matter in general. Following Deleuze and Guattari, who provided various definitions of the assemblage, the new materialist perspectives emphasize, for example, the active linking of heterogeneous parts and a dynamic conjunction of semi-autonomous formations that articulate new affiliations of entities and discourses.

In this essay, Xinhao Cheng’s multimedia installation The Naming of a River, 2014 to 2018, is described as an assemblage, thereby significantly widening how it is interpreted as the artwork. Cheng describes the manifolds of time-space-dimensions in his simultaneously scientific and deeply personal artistic research project on the Panlong River.

In the context of an assembled assemblage theory, formed by combining new materialist perspectives, The Naming of a River can be thought of as existing in an innumerable manifold of different versions. With each new connection made, the entire artwork changes completely. The relations exist not only between the material artefacts of the installation and the artist, but also between the institution, the recipients, and the river. The artwork is a self-productive setting that transcends spaces and times, an interpretation derived from approaches by Manuel DeLanda and Karen Barad. In this process, our understanding of what an artwork can be is significantly challenged.
Knotting the Humanimal Assemblage. Race, Animals, and Art in Post-socialist Belgrade
Authors: Filipović Andrija
Published: January 2023

The aim of this article is to show how ontic difference between humans and animals is produced and maintained through weaving and knotting various bodies and flows of matter – the humanimal assemblage. Race and effects of capitalism play decisive roles in the formation of such differences and include humans, postsocialist condition, investment urbanism, state apparatus, non-human beings, artworks, etc. Those humans who are defined as non-white are socially produced as spatio-temporally closer to animals in the whole spectrum of material-semiotic registers. By close reading of the installation Gypsies and Dogs and the event of a death of a dog to which I was a witness, I show the ways in which art plays an important role in this humanimal assemblage, together with the institutions that surround it and enable its production. Using concepts created by Deleuze and Guattari together with Afropessimist thought, I show that humanimal assemblage produces ontological rigidity in the Roma people and their relation with the companion dogs, as well as ethnic Serbs and their dogs as pets. Each human-animal relation is an effect and constitutive part of humanimal assemblage that forcefully relates human and nonhuman animals and other bodies and flows of matter. By thinking transversally, we can see that racialization, postsocialist condition, nascent neoliberal capitalist order, and artworld function to capture flows of matter, singularities-in-constitution, and tie them together in a single assemblage. In conclusion, the knots of the humanimal assemblage need to be unraveled by critical attention to the moments of ontological heterogenesis, which is grounded neither in ontological plasticity nor ontological rigidity.
Cavity-like filters with absorbing layers
Authors: Southwell William H.
Published: January 2023

Two narrowband filter types are presented: narrowband reflector and narrowband absorber. Both are related to the familiar narrowband pass cavity filter, but include a thin absorbing layer.
Chemometrics applied quantitative analysis of iron oxide mixtures by
terahertz spectroscopy
Authors: Li Ying , Zhang Tian-Yao , Zhang Zhao-Hui , Yan Jian-Feng , Zhao Xuan , Zhao Xiao-Yan , Li Xing-Yue , Wu Xian-Hao , Yin Lu , Yuan Yuan , Guo Jian-Mei
Published: January 2023

A quantitative analysis method for corrosion products based on
terahertz spectroscopy is proposed in this paper. Mixture samples
consisting of three major corrosion products (magnetite, hematite, and
goethite) were prepared in 51 different concentrations. The refractive
index spectra measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy were
projected to the 2D score diagram by performing principal component
analysis. The Euclidean distances between the mixtures and pure
analyte on the diagram were used to build a concentration prediction
model. The results indicate that the established model can precisely
predict the concentration of magnetite, which is essential for a
stability evaluation of the corrosion system.
Gender issues: Trajectories of change in the Italian mediascape
Authors: Buonanno Milly , Faccioli Franca
Published: January 2023

Beyond single works scattered across different publication venues, Italian scholarship on gender and media has hardly circulated abroad. This Special Issue is, therefore, meant to make a substantial contribution to the international visibility and consideration of a body of works that has so far remained in the shadows. From this perspective, the varied range of the articles in the issue offers an overview of both the current status of gender and media studies in Italy and the ways gender is constructed in discourses, practices and actions throughout the Italian media landscape – including television, radio, fashion magazines, newspapers and digital platforms. In addition to the variety of media and topics, the works collected in this issue are also peculiar for resorting frequently to the historiographic approach, on the assumption that trajectories of change in gender and media relationship can only be traced in the comparison between past and present.
Economía de la educación y pedagogía laboral: nuevos contextos de reflexión y actuación
Authors: Morales Valero Manuel , Fernández-Salinero Miguel Carolina
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo tiene como principal objetivo el de ampliar los ámbitos teóricos y prácticos de actuación de los y las profesionales de la pedagogía en el contexto universitario español. Para ello, se realiza un análisis sobre las principales características y condicionantes del actual modelo socioeconómico basado en una sociedad y economía del conocimiento desde un punto de vista individual y organizativo. Se describen las formas de organización del trabajo y sus repercusiones laborales en los distintos modelos de producción surgidos a lo largo del siglo XX en España: el modelo agrícola, el industrial y el posfordista. Se analizan las respuestas ofrecidas desde el sistema educativo para adaptar la fuerza de trabajo a estos nuevos requerimientos desde los tres contextos clásicos de aprendizaje: el formal, el no formal y el informal. Desde el punto de vista formal, se apunta especialmente a la incorporación del concepto de competencia profesional y la apuesta por las metodologías activas de aprendizaje. No obstante, es desde una perspectiva no formal, y sobre todo informal, donde se centra nuestro interés y reflexión como uno de los contextos de aprendizaje más relevantes y pertinentes no solo para responder a las actuales demandas del sistema productivo, sino también para ampliar el espectro profesionalizador de los futuros egresados/as en pedagogía. Finalizamos señalando la necesidad de ampliar los ámbitos teóricos y prácticos de actuación de la pedagogía hacia contextos no formales así cómo informales de aprendizaje en tanto, sobre todo este último, suponen un prometedor campo de investigación y de profesionalización para los/as graduados/as en pedagogía.
Cuando se educa hay que saber desde dónde se habla
Authors: Pagès Santacana Anna
Published: January 2023

Este texto sugiere la conveniencia de entender la educación no sólo desde una perspectiva pragmatista sino de un modo más amplio como experiencia. Para facilitar esta perspectiva se destacan algunos aspectos del libro de Gadamer Verdad y método: la crisis de la transmisión,  la historicidad de la experiencia -el hecho de que todo fenómeno humano, también la educación, tiene que ver con el lugar desde donde es construido-, los límites de la experiencia, los límites del discurso sobre el mundo, la cuestión del estilo. El artículo insiste especialmente en rescatar la conversación en contextos educativos, la conversación entendida como el lugar desde done uno habla y el sentido de lo que se dice y también la dimensión no prevista en lo que decimos. No hay una fusión de horizontes que haga encajar perfectamente los objetivos y los resultados de aprendizaje. Hay que pensar en los flecos, en el rastro que dejan, en lo que se queda fuera de lugar. Por eso, el texto propone una hermenéutica a la intemperie. Otro aspecto del artículo es que la política no nos sirve para entender la educación como experiencia porque la política se ha convertido en una mera gestión administrativa donde no hay otro con quien hablar. Se insiste en la idea de que la educación no puede con todo. Hay una sobreexplotación del sistema educativo. No todo se puede aprender.  Hay cosas que se pueden vivir o que se pueden experimentar pero que no necesariamente se aprenden. Por eso, el artículo propone que el gran reto de la Pedagogía actual es ayunar, dedicarse a dos o tres cosas nada más y hacerlas bien.
Economic and value chain analysis to support an investigation and risk mitigation efforts on Marek's disease in layers in the southern part of Thailand
Authors: Dejyong Tosapol , Chanachai Karoon , Prarakamawongsa Tippawon , Kongkaew Wandee , Thiptara Anyarat , Songserm Taweesak , Rukkwamsuk Theera , TagoPacheco Damian , Phimpraphai Waraphon
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim: Marek's disease (MD) is a common lymphoproliferative disease affecting chickens and causing economic losses in commercial poultry. The MD outbreak was noticed in the southern part of Thailand in 2019. The suspected cases were found with an abnormal number of cases of layers dying with clinical signs, for example, weakness and emaciation, with evidence of MD gross lesions. This study aimed to raise awareness of the MD outbreak through value chain analysis (VCA), identifying associated possible risk factors, and estimating the associated economic impact.

Materials and Methods: Value chain analysis, including seasonal calendar, value chain diagram, and layer movement mapping of the layer industry, was conducted. High-risk stakeholders were identified on the basis of risk practices and interactions between stakeholders. A case–control study was conducted to determine risk factors associated with the MD outbreak on layer farms, and partial budget analysis was used to estimate economic losses associated with MD.

Results: The value chain diagram showed the linkages between stakeholders, including estimation of the percentage of products moved from one stakeholder group to another and the negotiated price. Fourteen out of 35 layer farms were case farms. Farm size and source of birds were significantly associated with the MD outbreak. The MD outbreak caused total economic losses of 295,823 USD. Farms that slaughtered infected birds with additional revenues incurred losses of 140,930 USD, whereas farms that culled infected birds without additional revenue returned incurred losses of 1995 USD.

Conclusion: The VCA provided a better understanding of the layer and egg businesses in South Thailand and guided the development of questionnaires for outbreak investigation. The potential risk factor findings suggested the need for further exploration of the source of the MD outbreak.
Estado de Direito e tipos de juiz
Authors: Silveira Gabriel Eidelwein , Eidelwein Tamires
Published: January 2023

Este ensaio teórico retrabalha, enquanto tipos ideais, os modelos do Estado Liberal, do Estado Social e do Estado Democrático de Direito; e a hipótese da correlação destes com os modelos de atuação judicial descritos por François Ost, respectivamente, como juiz Júpiter, juiz Hércules e juiz Hermes. Iniciamos explicando brevemente a metodologia da tipologia ideal. Após, refutamos, como modelos extremos e equivocados, tanto o “mito da toga” quanto a perspectiva do realismo jurídico estadunidense. Estabelecemos a correlação entre o Estado Liberal e o juiz Júpiter. Problematizamos o ativismo judicial sob uma constituição liberal a partir do caso estadunidense. Discutimos a hipótese da proeminência do poder executivo no Estado Social. Estabelecemos que é fraca a correlação entre o constitucionalismo de tipo “social” e a atuação judicial descrita como “herculana”. Por fim, confirmamos a hipótese da correspondência entre o Estado Democrático de Direito e o modelo de atuação judicial associado ao juiz Hermes.
Construção de Capacidade Cibernética na América do Sul
Authors: Grassi Jéssica Maria , Jacon Ayres Pinto Danielle
Published: January 2023

A construção de capacidade cibernética tornou-se tema central de discussão à medida que o ciberespaço passou a impactar substancialmente o desenvolvimento e a segurança dos Estados. Diante disso, o objetivo central da pesquisa é analisar a inserção dos países sul-americanos no contexto da construção de capacidades cibernéticas. Esta é uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e analítica, que parte de revisão bibliográfica, analisando perspectivas teórico-conceituais sobre a temática, bem como dados disponíveis em importantes repositórios, como o Global Cybersecurity Index.