bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoción de una cultura de prevención de accidentes
Authors: Diaz Dumont Jorge Rafael
Published: December 2017

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo general destacar la importancia de promover una cultura de prevención de accidentes en el Perú; la población constituida por las estadísticas de accidentes en el Perú y la muestra consideró toda la población en donde se ha analizado la variable: Promoción de una cultura de accidentes en el Perú.
Acompañamiento escolar de hijos por sus madres que trabajan en el Ministerio de Salud del Distrito de Huancayo
Authors: Vilcas Baldeón Luz María
Published: December 2017

El propósito fue determinar cómo se da el acompañamiento escolar de hijos por sus madres que trabajan en el Ministerio de Salud del Distrito de Huancayo. Nivel descriptivo, tipo básica, diseño no experimental, transaccional y descriptivo. Instrumento utilizado cuestionario. Para la validez del contenido del instrumento se evalúa con el juicio de ocho expertos y la validez estadística se realizó con el coeficiente V de Aiken y con el coeficiente de correlación ítem–test corregida r de Pearson, la confiabilidad     se realizó con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach y para la confiabilidad del instrumento se evalúa con los resultados de la aplicación del instrumento a una muestra, con el coeficiente de consistencia interna alfa de Cronbach  obteniendo que en lo referido a la dimensión de supervisión un 58% en lo referido a las madres, en las dimensiones de Comunicación y vigilancia de la escuela manifiestan una baja participación por la limitada interacción y comunicación de las madres con los maestros y 53% no establece reglas para el control del cumplimiento de tareas de sus  hijos, así mismo el 61% no se involucra en la formación de hábitos de estudio de sus hijos.Concluyendo  que la vigilancia como aspecto de  interacción, comunicación y control entre los padres y los maestros denota el punto más crítico por la falta de tiempo, ausencia y poco involucramiento en  la escuela.
Equivalencia entre las ecuaciones de movimiento de un sistema masa-resorte sobre un plano inclinado
Authors: Cruz Avilés A. , Muñoz Sánchez Y. , Ortiz Domínguez M. , López Sánchez F. , Espinoza Luna I.
Published: December 2017

Se acostumbra estudiar el movimiento de traslación de un objeto en términos de las tres leyes del movimiento de Newton. En este análisis, la fuerza ha jugado un papel central como la cantidad que determina el movimiento. En el presente trabajo, se realiza un análisis alternativo del movimiento de traslación de un sistema masa-resorte sobre un plano inclinado, empleando la segunda ley de Newton y el teorema trabajo-energía. Esto es, en circunstancias bastantes generales, permanecen constantes. El hecho de que existan cantidades que se conservan no sólo nos brinda una compresión más profunda de plantear la resolución de problemas prácticos. Las leyes de conservación de la energía y la cantidad de movimiento son especialmente valiosas al tratar con sistemas de muchos objetos, en los que una relación detallada de las fuerzas implicadas sería difícil, si no es que imposible. Estas leyes son aplicables a un amplio rango de fenómenos, incluidos el mundo atómico y subatómico, donde las leyes de Newton no se aplican.
PENENTUAN KOMBINASI MEDIUM TERBAIK GALAKTOSA DAN SUMBER NITROGEN PADA PROSES PRODUKSI ETANOL
Authors: Sunaryanto Rofiq , Handayani Berti Hariasih
Published: December 2017

Ethanol is an important product for biotechnology-based industries. Ethanol can be produced from various raw materials and some types of microbes. Determination of the best combination of galactose with nitrogen sources on ethanol production using Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been done. Combination of galactose at the concentration of 3 g/L and 20 g/L with nitrogen sources (casein, peptone, and urea, each at the concentration of 10g/L) was used to obtain the best composition of fermentation medium. Fermentation was carried out for 60 hours at 30°C, 250 rpm, and working volume of 50 mL in a 250 mL erlenmeyer. The results showed that the galactose concentration of 20 g/L was able to improve the productivity of ethanol and the growth of S. cerevisiae cells. The combination of 20g/L galactose and 10 g/L casein produced the highest ethanol concentration (6% v/v), whereas 20 g/L galactose-10 g/L peptone and 20 g/L galactose-10 g/L urea combinations produced 2.5% and 0.58% (v/v) ethanol, respectively. The use of 3 g/L galactose mixed with several nitrogen sources produced ethanol below 0.7% (v/v). Keywords: Ethanol, galactose, peptone, casein, Saccharomyces cerevisiaeABSTRAKEtanol merupakan salah satu produk penting bagi industri yang berbasis bioteknologi. Etanol dapat dihasilkan dari berbagai macam bahan baku dan beberapa jenis mikroba. Penentuan kombinasi terbaik antara galaktosa dengan sumber nitrogen pada produksi etanol menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae telah dilakukan. Konsentrasi galaktosa 3 g/L dan galaktosa 20 g/L yang dikombinasikan dengan sumber nitrogen dengan konsentrasi 10 g/L dalam hal ini kasein, pepton, dan urea digunakan sebagai perlakuan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi medium sumber karbon dan sumber nitrogen terbaik. Fermentasi untuk menghasilkan etanol dilakukan selama 60 jam pada suhu 30°C, agitasi 250 rpm dengan volume kerja 50 mL dalam erlenmeyer 250 mL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan galaktosa dengan konsentrasi sampai dengan 20 g/L mampu memperbaiki produktivitas etanol dan pertumbuhan sel S. cerevisiae. Konsentrasi 20 g/L galaktosa dengan 10 g/L kasein menghasilkan produktivitas etanol paling tinggi yaitu 6%(v/v), konsentrasi galaktosa 20 g/L dengan 10 g/L pepton menghasilkan 2,5% (v/v) etanol dan konsentrasi galaktosa 20 g/L dengan 10 g/L urea menghasilkan 0,58%(v/v) etanol. Penggunaan konsentrasi galaktosa 3 g/L yang dikombinasikan dengan beberapa jenis sumber nitrogen menghasilkan etanol dibawah 0,7% (v/v).Kata kunci: Etanol, galaktosa, pepton, kasein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
THE COMBINATION OF GROWTH HORMONES INCREASED THE IN VITRO SHOOTS MULTIPLICATION ON SAGO PALM (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)
Authors: Tajuddin Teuku , . Karyanti , Sukarnih Tati , Haska Nadirman
Published: December 2017

Pohon sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) mempunyai banyak keunggulan dibanding dengan tanaman-tanaman penghasil pati lainnya, khususnya karena memiliki produktivitas yang tinggi, tumbuh di area bantaran sungai dan rawa, yang merupakan lingkungan tidak sesuai bagi pertumbuhan tanaman-tanaman lain. Dalam rangka membangun suatu perkebunan sagu di area yang luas, maka sangat dibutuhkan anakan-anakan sagu yang ukurannya seragam dalam jumlah yang besar. Namun demikian, terbatasnya jumlah anakan yang seragam telah menjadi kendala bagi pengembangan perkebunan sagu. Sebagai alternatif, perbanyakan in vitro dengan induksi tunas langsung dilakukan untuk mendapatkan bibit-bibit sagu dengan genotip unggul secara masal. Anakan sagu yang diperoleh dari Propinsi Maluku digunakan sebagai sumber eksplan. Eksplan dikultur pada media MS dan B5 yang mengandung kombinasi hormon auksin dan sitokinin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan BAP 2.0 ppm dan NAA 2.0 ppm menghasilkan jumlah tunas terbanyak.Kata kunci: Auksin, sitokinin, in vitro, sagu, inisiasi tunas ABSTRACTSago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) has many advantages over other starch-producing crops especially for its higher yield, ability to grow along riverbanks and on swampy areas not suitable for other crops. With the purpose of establishing large-scale plantations, a large amount of uniform sago palm suckers are required. However, limited availability of uniform suckers has hindered the mass propagation and development of cultivated Sago palm. Alternatively, in vitro cultures were performed in order to obtain a large-scale of mass clonally propagation of superior genotypes of sago palm. The young suckers obtained from areas of Maluku Province were used as explants. In vitro culture was carried out through direct shooting. The explants were cultured on two kinds of media, which were MS and B5 media containing various growth hormones of auxins and cytokinins. The results showed that the treatment with BAP 2.0 ppm and NAA 2.0 ppm produced the highest number of shoots.Keywords: Auxin, cytokinin, in vitro, sago palm, shoot initiation
ANALISIS KORELASI KERAPATAN TITIK API DENGAN CURAH HUJAN DI PULAU SUMATERA DAN KALIMANTAN
Authors: Prayoga M. Bayu Rizky , Yananto Ardila , Kusumo Della Ananto
Published: December 2017

IntisariKebakaran hutan dan lahan merupakan bencana yang rutin terjadi di Indonesia. Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan menjadi wilayah yang paling sering dilanda kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Munculnya titik api di wilayah Sumatera dan Kalimantan mempunyai pola tersendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara spasial-temporal konsentrasi titik api di wilayah Sumatera dan Kalimantan serta korelasinya dengan curah hujan. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data titik api yang bersumber dari hasil perekaman citra MODIS (Satelit Terra & Aqua) tahun 2006-2015, didapatkan bahwa kerapatan titik api di Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan akan mencapai puncaknya pada bulan September. Wilayah yang memiliki konsentrasi titik api paling tinggi adalah Provinsi Riau dan Sumatera Selatan di Pulau Sumatera serta Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah dan Kalimantan Barat di Pulau Kalimantan. Hasil pengolahan data curah hujan bulanan juga menunjukkan bahwa pada bulan September curah hujan di Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan mencapai nilai terendah dalam satu tahun, yaitu 25-150 mm/bulan. Selain itu, korelasi antara jumlah titik api dan curah hujan menunjukkan nilai korelasi yang cukup (R = 0,307) dengan pola hubungan yang negatif. Hasil pengolahan terhadap data historis titik api ini bisa menjadi acuan dalam kesiapan penanggulangan bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan yang sering terjadi di Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan.  AbstractForest fire is one of disasters that occur regularly in Indonesia. Sumatera and Borneo are regions with the most frequently hit by forest fires disaster through years. The emergence of hotspots in Sumatera and Borneo have it own patterns. This study aimed to figure hotspot density in Sumatera and Borneo spatial-temporally and their correlation with rainfall. Based on the results of data processing hotspots sourced from recording of MODIS satellite (Terra and Aqua) 2006 - 2015, it was found that the density of hotspots in Sumatra and Kalimantan will reach its peak in September. Riau and South Sumatera Province are the regions that has highest concentration of hotspots in Sumatera island, meanwhile Central Borneo and West Borneo Province become the regions that has highest concentration of hotspots in Borneo island. The processing of monthly rainfall data also shown that in September rainfall in Sumatra and Kalimantan reach its lowest level in a year, which is 25 - 150 mm/month. In addition, hotspot density and rainfall are correlated enough (R = 0,307). The results of the processing of historical hotspots data in this paper could become a reference for forest fires disaster management that often happens in Sumatera and Borneo.
ANALISIS POTENSI BAHAYA LEDAKAN SPPBE DI SEKITAR CALON TAPAK RDE
Authors: Alimah Siti , Priambodo Dedy , Mellawati June
Published: December 2017

Potensi bahaya eksternal akibat ulah manusia terhadap tapak RDE (Reaktor Daya Eksperimental) harus diidentifikasi dan dianalisis untuk memperoleh basis desain yang cocok dengan instalasi yang akan dibangundi lokasi tapak tersebut. Salah satu sumber bahaya eksternal tersebut adalah keberadaan depo penyimpanan bahan bakar gas (SPPBE) yang merupakan salah satu sumber tidak bergerak. Bahaya ledakan dari SPPBE berpotensi membahayakan tapak jika tapak RDE berada dalam SDV (Screening Distance Value) SPPBE tersebut (5 km), sehingga diperlukan analisis potensi bahaya ledakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana potensi bahaya ledakan yang ditimbulkan SPPBE yang berada di sekitar area tapak RDE, jika terjadi kebocoran tangki SPPBE. Metode penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data primer dan konfirmasi di lapangan sekitar area tapak, pemetaan, serta melakukan analisis potensi bahaya ledakan menggunakan software ALOHA versi 5.4.5 dan MARPLOT. Hasil konfirmasi di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa tapak RDE berada dalam SDV dua buah SPPBE karena berjarak 2,995 dan 4,141 km dari area tapak. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lepasan gas elpiji dari kedua SPPBE tidak membahayakan tapak RDE karena ledakannya tidak mencapai area tapak dan tidak menimbulkan kerusakan bangunan, dengan asumsi kebocoran terjadi di bagian bawah tanki sebesar 2,5 inchi.
OPTIMASI FORMULA EDIBLE FILM BERBASIS AMILOPEKTIN PATI SINGKONG DAN KARAGENAN
Authors: Purwoto Heri , Christi A G Jeni
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan formula optimum antara amilopektin pati singkong dan karagenan sebagai bahan baku edible film. Program DesignÂ Expert 7.0.0 (trial version) dengan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) CentralÂ Composite Design (CCD) digunakan untuk mengoptimasi formula edible film.Â Variabel bebas yang digunakan yaitu persentase amilopektin, karagenan danÂ gliserin. Variabel respon yang diukur dan dioptimasi yaitu laju transmisi uap air,Â kuat tarik dan modulus elastisitas. Hasil optimasi dari program Design Expert 7.0.0Â merekomendasikan 15 solusi optimasi dengan nilai desirability tertinggi sebesarÂ 0.821. Formula satu dipilih untuk divalidasi dengan faktor-faktor yaitu amilopektinÂ 3.00 %, karagenan 2.00 %, dan gliserin 2.00 %. Nilai respon prediksi untuk lajuÂ transmisi uap air sebesar 16.331 g/m2/24 jam, kuat tarik sebesar 180.657 kgf/cm2Â dan modulus elastisitas sebesar 139.262 kgf/cm2. Nilai hasil validasi untuk lajuÂ transmis uap air sebesar 16.1027 g/m2/24 jam, kuat tarik sebesar 208.42 kgf/cm2Â dan modulus elastisitas sebesar 183.05 kgf/cm2, sehingga solusi yangÂ direkomendasikan oleh program sudah cukup baik.
SIMULASI DAN ESTIMASI KEBUTUHAN ENERGI SISTEM GASIFIER DENGAN BAHAN BAKU BATUBARA SUMSEL DAN KALSEL
Authors: Ghofar Abdul , Sitorus Rudy Surya , Destian Erbert Ferdy , Tjahjono Endro Wahju , Ismail Mochammad , Tandirerung Murbantan , Paramitasari Derina
Published: December 2017

Batubara yang melimpah di Indonesia dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku alternatif untuk industri petrokimia. Namun demikian, diperlukan teknologi pengolahan yang tepat supaya dapat digunakan secara optimal sesuai dengan karakteristik batubara yang ada di Indonesia. Salah satu teknologi pengolahan batubara adalah gasifikasi untuk menghasilkan synthetic gas (syngas). Terdapat beberapa jenis teknologi gasifikasi antara lain Fixed Bed, Fludized Bed, dan Entrained Bed. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari keunggulan dari masing-masingteknologi dari segi kebutuhan energi, produk syngas, biaya modal, dan biaya operasional proses ysng disimulasikan dengan menggunakan aspen plus. Sampel batubara yang digunakan dalam simulasi ini berasal dari empat daerah di wilayah potensial penghasil batubara yakni dua daerah di wilayah Sumatera Selatan(Keluang dan Babat Tomang) dan dua daerah di wilayah Kalimantan Selatan (Pendopo dan Sebuku). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknologi yang sesuai dengan karakteristik batubara Indonesia adalah teknologi fluidized bed dan entrained bed. Di mana untuk teknologi fluidized bed membutuhkan energilebih rendah walaupun syngas yang dihasilkan lebih sedikit serta modal dan biaya operasional yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan entrained bed dan fixed bed. Sedangkan untuk teknologi entrained bed menghasilkan syngas yang lebih banyak dan ramah lingkungan walaupun teknologi ini membutuhkan energi yang lebih tinggi.
ELIMINASI SENYAWA AZOBENZENE PADA LIMBAH BATIK MENGGUNAKAN NANOKATALIS Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2 DAN SINAR MATAHARI
Authors: Wardiyati Siti , Fisli Adel , Dewi Sari Hasnah
Published: December 2017

Bahan nanokatalis magnetik Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2 telah berhasil disintesis dengan metode gabungan yaitu presipitasi dan sol-gel menggunakan prekursor besi oksida, tetraethyl ortho silicate dan tetrabuthyl orthotitanate. Untuk mengetahui kinerja katalitik bahan tersebut dilakukan eliminasi limbah batik warna orange dari PT. Roro djonggrang Yogyakarta. Limbah batik warna orange dari PT. Roro djonggrang Yogyakarta mengandung senyawa azo yang banyak digunakan oleh industri tekstil. Senyawa azo merupakan pewarna sintetis yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan, oleh karena perlu dilakukan eliminasi untuk menurunkan kandungansenyawa tersebut sebelum dibuang ke lingkungan. Parameter percobaan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah pH larutan, waktu iradiasi, jenis sinar dan dosis katalis. Dari hasil percobaan diperoleh kondisi optimal proses eliminasi limbah batik warna orange menggunakan nanokatalis magnetik Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2 dicapai pada pH larutan limbah 2,0 â€“ 4,0; waktu iradiasi sekitar 2 â€“ 3 jam; dan dosis katalis katalis 1,0g/L. Pada kondisi tersebut bahan nanokatalis magnetik Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2 mampu mengeliminasi warna orange hingga 90 %. Dari percobaan ini terbukti bahwa pengolahan limbah warna menggunakan nanokatalis magnetik Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2 sangat efektif kerena sederhana, praktis, dan efisien serta ekonomis karena dapat dilakukan di bawah sinar matahari langsung dan katalis dapat dipakai ulang.
Editor's Message
Authors: Farrell Alison
Published: December 2017

Editor's Message
APLICAÇÃO DE PRECEITOS DA EDUCAÇÃO PARA SUSTENTABILIDADE: UM ESTUDO DE PROJETOS DE TRABALHOS DE CONCLUSÃO NO CURSO SUPERIOR DE TECNOLOGIA EM DESIGN DE PRODUTO DO IFSC
Authors: Neves Carla , Bugliani Raquel , Neves Rafael Burlani , Ferreira Marcelo Gomes Gitirana
Published: December 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender a aplicação dos princípios da sustentabilidade no quadro curricular do Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Design de Produto do IF-SC e quais são as falhas e potencialidades que devem ser exploradas para obter-se uma perspectiva no sentido da educação para a sustentabilidade. Pautando-se neste cenário, analisa-se também o nível de introdução dos princípios da sustentabilidade e gestão ambiental na relação design / empresas e qual o nível de intervenção permitida ou concretizada pelos acadêmicos do referido curso diante deste relacionamento. Para tanto, adotou-se a seguinte metodologia: análise dos TCCs desenvolvidos no período de 2009 e 2010;   uma pesquisa de opinião com os alunos envolvidos e a avaliação das políticas ambientais das empresas parceiras. Disto, observou-se uma lacuna na aplicação dos aspectos concernentes à teoria e à prática para à sustentabilidade.
APLICAÇÃO DE PRINCÍPIOS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE EM EMPREENDIMENTOS DE GRANDE PORTE: POSICIONAMENTO DOS ARQUITETOS
Authors: Prizibela Silvio , De Oliveira Roberto
Published: December 2017

Visando contribuir para o desenvolvimento de metodologias projetuais para edificações mais sustentáveis este estudo teve o objetivo geral de verificar o posicionamento dos arquitetos na aplicação de princípios de melhoria da sustentabilidade em empreendimentos de grande porte.  O universo da pesquisa foram os arquitetos responsáveis pelo projeto do condomínio Pedra Branca em Palhoça – SC. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram: pesquisa bibliográfica e de opinião e visita técnica. Os estudos revelam que, embora haja preocupação por parte dos arquitetos para a aplicação de estratégias de sustentabilidade no projeto, existe contrariedade de interesses dos investidores que, por vezes, consideram o lucro. Dentre as ferramentas e procedimentos que podem auxiliar na prática projetual mais sustentável, as simulações ambientais foram consideradas as mais relevantes, contudo, as leis e normas aparecem como as opções mais utilizadas pelos entrevistados. Os resultados obtidos revelam caminhos a seguir e abordagens consistentes para fomentar práticas mais sustentáveis na arquitetura.
ENTREVISTA
Authors: Franzato Carlo
Published: December 2017

Carlo Franzato é designer e Doutor em Design pelo Politecnico di Milano. É Decano da Escola da Indústria Criativa da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS).
EL PROYECTO URBANO – ARQUITECTÓNICO EN LA TRANSFORMACIÓN PARTICIPATIVA DEL ESPACIO PÚBLICO
Authors: Vallejo Paola , Mena Fredy , Benavides Andrea Jaramillo
Published: December 2017

El diseño urbano-arquitectónico participativo busca potenciar las capacidades de la población, promover la cooperación y fortalecer los canales de comunicación entre los beneficiarios para llevar adelante procesos de diseño  del  espacio público, cuyos resultados se constituyan en  herramienta de gestión para la comunidad.  Este artículo presenta el caso de dos intervenciones en las ciudades de Saquisilí y Quito en Ecuador, lideradas por un equipo de estudiantes y docentes de las universidades Tecnológica Equinoccial y Central, en las cuales, a partir de un análisis diagnóstico se  desarrollaron estrategias de transformación del espacio público involucrando a la comunidad. Los dos proyectos fueron ejecutados durante tres años y el impacto social generado fue significativo tanto para la comunidad como para los estudiantes que enfrentaron problemas sociales tangibles y llegaron a soluciones usando el mínimo de recursos materiales.
PROJETO DE INTERFACES DE COMPONENTES ESTRUTURAIS PARA SISTEMAS CONSTRUTIVOS PRÉ-FABRICADOS COM EMPREGO DE MADEIRA DE FLORESTAS PLANTADAS
Authors: Danza Gandini João Marcelo , Barata Tomaz Queiroz Ferreira , Pablos Javier Mazariegos
Published: December 2017

Considerando uma crescente preocupação quanto à possibilidade de limitação de recursos naturais disponíveis para a produção de bens materiais, os efeitos das mudanças climáticas decorrentes da degradação do meio ambiente e a importância do emprego de materiais locais de fontes renováveis na produção de produtos “mais” sustentáveis, o trabalho visa contribuir para a utilização de madeira de florestas plantadas na arquitetura e construção civil. O objetivo é demonstrar o caráter sustentável da madeira de florestas plantadas como material construtivo para utilização em interfaces de componentes estruturais pré-fabricados. A metodologia visou a apresentação do caráter sustentável da madeira de florestas plantadas; levantamento acerca da madeira de florestas plantadas no Brasil, definição de sistemas construtivos com componentes pré-fabricados em madeira e; propostas de interfaces entre componentes estruturais. Como resultados foi demonstrada a viabilidade de utilização da madeira de florestas plantadas para a construção civil, levando em consideração, principalmente sua viabilidade técnica e os aspectos sustentáveis de sua utilização.
ANÁLISE DAS PROPRIEDADES TECNOLÓGICAS DE COPOS DESCARTÁVEIS
Authors: Toledo Laura , Peduzzi Rafael , Folle Luis Fernando , Giuliano Carla Pantoja
Published: December 2017

Percebe-se uma popularização da preocupação com o impacto ambiental dos copos descartáveis. Desse contexto surge a motivação para este estudo, que tem foco no uso cotidiano de copos descartáveis. Foram feitos: teste de isolamento térmico, teste de vazamento, ensaio de compressão e observação em microscópio. Como objeto de estudo, foram escolhidos 4 tipos de copo descartável de uso voltado a bebidas quentes, de acordo com seu material: papel com e sem revestimento plástico, poliestireno (plástico) e poliestireno expandido (Isopor). Busca-se comparar propriedades tecnológicas dos materiais, investigando especificamente um material recente no mercado brasileiro, considerado mais sustentável: o copo de papel.
Contemporary French Drama and the Stupidity of/in the Capitalist Labour Pool: The Case of Joël Pommerat
Authors: Essif Les
Published: December 2017

Informed by recent French theories on capitalism and labour, this essay builds on the premise that French intellectuals – artists and dramatists as well as economists – are concerned about the sociocultural and intellectual effects of the culture of “economism,” which interprets the sum of human life in terms of economic relations and consequence. With a sustained if cautious respect for socialism and egalitarianism, the French pursue a measure of ideological resistance to economism, or the “System,” and most especially to its distribution of labour and its assignment of work identity. Since the post-1960 dramatic oeuvre of Michel Vinaver and others, this theme and this perspective have been prominent in French drama. A survey of four plays by Joël Pommerat from the past decade reveals a variety of modes, presentations, and levels of economism’s de-intellectualization or dumbing down of society. Each of the plays emphasizes the experience and mind-set of a different level of “worker,” from those at the bottom of the economy to the CEOs we presume to be at the top.
“To Follow Pleasure’s Sway”: Atomism in Sarah Ruhl’sThe Clean House
Authors: Heller Jennifer
Published: December 2017

Sarah Ruhl’s The Clean House is a study in transformation. Its protagonist, Lane, and her sister, Virginia, share a deep attachment to orderliness, which is signalled on stage by their ties to neatly organized everyday objects. This attachment masks a fear of mutability, and the play tracks them as they learn to accept chance, face death, and embrace joy. The work of the first-century BCE Roman philosopher Lucretius helps explain the implications of this shift. His De rerum natura demonstrates that the universe’s atoms are constantly in flux, that the soul dies with the body, and that tranquility is found in the pursuit of desire. On stage, this philosophy is represented through Ruhl’s manipulation of theatrical materiality and through the characters Matilde and Ana, who help the sisters embrace a mutable world. This shift culminates in a final scene in which the women embrace death as the play translates Lucretian philosophy for contemporary audiences.
Reunion, Complication, Refraction, and Translation: How Postcolonialism and Post-Structuralism MarkBengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo
Authors: Proudfit Scott
Published: December 2017

What has perplexed critics and audiences about Rajiv Joseph’s Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo (2009) – its seemingly apolitical and ruminative second act – in fact signals why the play is rightful heir to an earlier generation of Broadway productions with postcolonial concerns. While plays such as David Henry Hwang’s M. Butterfly were indebted to Edward Said’s understanding of the orientalist binary of east/west, Joseph’s play makes a post-structuralist turn midway through its plot, moving beyond familiar territory to offer pictures of intercultural conflict in the Iraq War. This conflict is complicated by the complexities of internal and cultural multiplicity and hybridity, as described in the writings of Homi Bhabha and Arjun Appadurai. Nevertheless, Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo simultaneously reflects a humanist desire for reunion and a fear of violent refraction, arguing that, in the confusingly heteroglossic arena of twenty-first-century global warfare, the work of translation offers some hope of social coherence.
Leo Cabranes-Grant, From Scenarios to Networks: Performing the Intercultural in Colonial Mexico
Authors: Ybarra Patricia
Published: December 2017

From Scenarios to Networks explores how Actor Network Theory reframes colonial Mexican intercultural performances as relationships between objects, spaces, and persons rather than as representations of already existing identities in conflict. This book reframes notions of hybridity through close readings of dances, festivals, plays, religious performances, and secular celebrations.
Xiaomei Chen, Staging Chinese Revolution: Theater, Film, and the Afterlives of Propaganda
Authors: Lei Daphne P.
Published: December 2017

Staging Chinese Revolution offers a comprehensive study of Chinese revolutionary propagandist film, television, and theatre, from the 1960s to the 2010s, on subjects related to Communist Party history, founding fathers, and revolutionary ideology. Drawing material from official propaganda, personal memories (including the author’s own), and creative works, Xiaomei Chen elucidates the power of propaganda through her analysis of the re-enactment, reiteration, reinterpretation, and reinvention of national narratives and red classics, all of which can be seen as forms of political theatre.
Julie Holledge, Jonathan Bollen, Frode Helland, and Joanne Tompkins, A Global Doll’s House: Ibsen and Distant Visions
Authors: Krouk Dean
Published: December 2017

A Global Doll’s House provides a worthy model of how digital humanities techniques can help illuminate the performance and adaptation history of a single drama. Its methodological clarity and thoughtful use of mapping will be helpful to scholars contemplating similar digital research projects.
Bryce Lease, After ’89: Polish Theatre and the Political
Authors: Trojanowska Tamara
Published: December 2017

A survey of post-1989 Polish performance practices framed within emancipatory discourses of identity politics. Informative and richly documented, After ‘89 will appeal to researchers and students in theatre and performance studies, central and eastern European studies, and those with particular interests in theatre’s role in social change.
Megan Lewis, Performing Whitely in the Postcolony: Afrikaners in South African Theatrical and Public Life
Authors: Kruger Loren
Published: December 2017

Performing Whitely in the Postcolony is an informative study of the many ways in which white Afrikaners in South Africa have performed whiteness in the colonial and postcolonial eras. The book offers insightful analyses of pageants, museum sites, film, and popular music as well as theatrical productions.
David Ian Rabey, Theatre, Time and Temporality: Melting Clocks and Snapped Elastics
Authors: Wagner Matthew
Published: December 2017

Rabey’s book displays an impressive erudition and offers multiple contributions to the ways in which we might think about time, performance, and the relationships between the two. Like its subject, the book is sometimes disjointed and dissipative, but it is nonetheless a strong and enjoyable addition to the field.
Anthony Roche, The Irish Dramatic Revival 1899–1939
Authors: Walsh Ian R.
Published: December 2017

This book is a new examination of the Irish Dramatic Revival from 1899 to 1939, offering close critical readings of the plays of the major dramatists of the movement. Key characteristics and themes of the movement are identified and contextualized in relation to twentieth-century Irish history and world drama.
The Anscombe-Lewis Debate
Authors: Teichmann Roger
Published: December 2017

In Anscombe’s ‘Reply’ to chapter three of Lewis’ Miracles we may discern the influence of her teacher and friend, Wittgenstein, especially in two features of it: (i) Anscombe’s insistence on the variety and diversity of types of explanation, and of senses of ‘because’; (ii) her claim that a person’s reasons for thinking something, or for that matter motives in doing something, are not to be thought of as ‘inner’ processes or events. Lewis argued that an explanation why someone believes that P which alludes to the person’s reasons (grounds) for believing that P must be incompatible with any putative ‘naturalistic’ explanation of their believing that P; but in the light of (i) and (ii), Anscombe countered that he had demonstrated no such incompatibility. Nevertheless, as her much later comments on that early debate of her career show, she thought that Lewis’s chapter, both in its original, but even more in its revised, form, was struggling with a genuine and deep problem, one which (she writes) has still not been satisfactorily dealt with.
C. S. Lewis, Augustine, and the Rhythm of the Trinity
Authors: Ross Charles Stanley
Published: December 2017

Although C. S. Lewis was reticent about holding himself up as an expert in theology, in Mere Christianity he explains the relationship between the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit in a characteristically metaphorical and lucid way. Lewis bases his theology on a direct reading of a passage in Augustine’s De civitate Dei to which he added the explanatory metaphor of the ‘dance’—an image scholars have begun to notice in his fiction—to bring alive to his readers the ‘spirit’ of love between the Father and Son that, as Augustine said, became the third person of the Trinity
Letting In and Shutting Out: Themes in the Thought of C. S. Lewis
Authors: Patrick Meriel
Published: December 2017

This article considers two related themes from the writings of C.S. Lewis: the desire to be granted admittance to an exclusive circle (which Lewis calls ‘The Inner Ring’ – discussed at length in his 1944 oration of that name) with its corresponding dread of being left outside, and the opposite fear of being ‘drawn in’ to something against one’s will, and finding oneself trapped inside a community or way of life to which one never intended to commit oneself.

In Lewis’s fiction, these desires and fears are most obviously exemplified in the characters of Mark and Jane Studdock from the third novel in the Cosmic Trilogy, That Hideous Strength: Mark is terrified of being shut out, and Jane of being shut in. After offering some thoughts on the journey that each undertakes and the struggles that the couple find themselves engaged in during the course of the book, the article concludes with some reflections on the broader theological significance that the themes of admission and exclusion have in Lewis’s thought.
Imagine That: A Barfieldian Reading of C.S. Lewis’s Till We Have Faces
Authors: Hutchinson Jamie
Published: December 2017

On more than one occasion, Owen Barfield expressed his admiration for C.S. Lewis's last novel, Till We Have Faces, singling it out as a work in which Lewis “really rises to the fullness of the mythopoeic imagination.” Barfield's praise of the novel's mythopoeia is understandable given his statements in Poetic Diction and The Rediscovery of Meaning concerning the literary artist and the creation of true myth. Lewis's own account of his creative process (the changes he felt impelled to make to the myth of Cupid and Psyche) further validates the novel's mythopoeic nature and identifies Lewis as a Barfieldian mythmaker. In addition, the novel appears to incorporate two of Barfield's fundamental theories: the purposive evolution of human consciousness and the epistemic validity of the imagination. As is well known, Lewis found himself unable to accept either theory. I would argue, however, that ‘mythopoeic Lewis' inclined toward ideas that ‘rational Lewis’ disavowed. Reading the novel with Barfield in mind suggests that it is both a fully realized instance of Lewis's mythopoeic imagination and a work that dramatizes the necessary role of imagination in humanity's ongoing spiritual development.
C. S. Lewis & John Hick on Theodicy: Superficially Similar but Significantly Different
Authors: Williams Brian M.
Published: December 2017

In the April 2014 edition of The Journal of Inklings Studies, Mark S. M. Scott compared the theodicies of C. S. Lewis and John Hick, concluding that there are ‘significant structural and substantive affinities’ between the two. In my essay, I too analyze these theodicies but arrive at a different conclusion. I argue two points: First, I argue that Lewis’ and Hick’s theodicies bear merely superficial similarities. Second, and more importantly, I argue that they stand in significant opposition to one another at fundamental points. The purpose of this essay is to set Lewis’ views on suffering apart from Hick’s and to suggest that, in the end, perhaps Lewis’ theodicy should not be included in the broad category of ‘greater-good’ theodicies, and would therefore be immune to attacks leveled against Hick’s theodicy as well as the various attacks leveled against the greater-good approach in general. For those who reject the greater-good approach and who hold that gratuitous evil does not count against God’s moral perfection, Lewis’ theodicy could serve as a helpful starting point from which one could develop more thoroughly a non-greater-good theodicy.
Neutrality, Partiality, and Meaning in Life
Authors: Metz Thaddeus
Published: December 2017

Discussion of whether values and norms are neutral or not has mainly appeared in works on the nature of prudential rationality and morality. Little systematic has yet appeared in the up and coming field of the meaning of life. What are the respects in which the value of meaningfulness is neutral or, in contrast, partial, relational, or ‘biased’? In this article, I focus strictly on answering this question. First, I aim to identify the salient, and perhaps exhaustive, respects in which issues of neutrality arise in the contexts of life’s meaning. In addition to providing a taxonomy of the key points of contention, a second aim is to advance reflection about them by considering the most important arguments that have been marshalled in favour of one side or the other, particularly as they appear in recent neutral positions. I conclude that meaning in life is neutral with respect to time but not any other conditions such as agents and patients, with a third aim being to point out that this makes the value of meaning different from the kinds of non/neutrality encountered in some salient conceptions of prudence and morality.
Algebraic Dynamic Programming on Trees
Authors: Berkemer Sarah , Höner zu Siederdissen Christian , Stadler Peter
Published: December 2017

Where string grammars describe how to generate and parse strings, tree grammars describe how to generate and parse trees. We show how to extend generalized algebraic dynamic programming to tree grammars. The resulting dynamic programming algorithms are efficient and provide the complete feature set available to string grammars, including automatic generation of outside parsers and algebra products for efficient backtracking. The complete parsing infrastructure is available as an embedded domain-specific language in Haskell. In addition to the formal framework, we provide implementations for both tree alignment and tree editing. Both algorithms are in active use in, among others, the area of bioinformatics, where optimization problems on trees are of considerable practical importance. This framework and the accompanying algorithms provide a beneficial starting point for developing complex grammars with tree- and forest-based inputs.
Energy Distribution of X-rays Produced by Meter-Long Negative Discharges in Air
Authors: Hettiarachchi Pasan , Cooray Vernon , Rahman Mahbubur , Dwyer Joseph
Published: December 2017

The energy deposited from X-rays generated by 1 m long laboratory sparks in air created by 950 kV negative lightning impulses on scintillated detectors was measured. Assuming the X-ray energy detected in such sparks results from the accumulation of multiple photons at the detector having a certain energy distribution, an experiment was designed in such a way to characterize their distribution parameters. The detector was screened by a copper shield, and eight series of fifteen impulses were applied by stepwise increasing the copper shield thickness. The average deposited energy was calculated in each series and compared with the results from a model consisting of the attenuation of photons along their path and probable photon distributions. The results show that the energy distribution of X-ray bursts can be approximated by a bremsstrahlung spectrum of photons, having a maximum energy of 200 keV to 250 keV and a mean photon energy around 52 keV to 55 keV.
Growth of Calcite in Confinement
Authors: Li Lei , Kohler Felix , Røyne Anja , Dysthe Dag
Published: December 2017

Slow growth of calcite in confinement is abundant in Nature and man-made materials. There is ample evidence that such confined growth may create forces that fracture solids. The thermodynamic limits are well known, but since confined crystal growth is transport limited and difficult to control in experiments, we have almost no information on the mechanisms or limits of these processes. We present a novel approach to the in situ study of confined crystal growth using microfluidics for accurate control of the saturation state of the fluid and interferometric measurement of the topography of the growing confined crystal surface. We observe and quantify diffusion-limited confined growth rims and explain them with a mass balance model. We have quantified and modeled crystals “floating” on a fluid film of 25–50 nm in thickness due to the disjoining pressure. We find that there are two end-member nanoconfined growth behaviors: (1) smooth and (2) rough intermittent growth, the latter being faster than the former. The intermittent growth rims have regions of load- bearing contacts that move around the rim causing the crystal to “wobble” its way upwards. We present strong evidence that the transition from smooth to rough is a generic confinement-induced instability not limited to calcite.
Oscillations in Multiparticle Production Processes
Authors: Wilk Grzegorz , Włodarczyk Zbigniew
Published: December 2017

We discuss two examples of oscillations apparently hidden in some experimental results for high-energy multiparticle production processes: (i) the log-periodic oscillatory pattern decorating the power-like Tsallis distributions of transverse momenta; (ii) the oscillations of the modified combinants obtained from the measured multiplicity distributions. Our calculations are confronted with p p data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We show that in both cases, these phenomena can provide new insight into the dynamics of these processes.
A Novel Digital Control Method of a Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter Based on a Virtual Closed-Loop Circuit and Complex Vector Representation
Authors: Xie Kun , Hu Gangyi , Yi Hong , Lyu Zhibi , Xiang Yangxiao
Published: December 2017

With the rapid development of renewable energy generation, single-phase grid-connected inverters have been widely applied in modern power systems. Since the power output of the renewable sources is continuously changing, independent active/reactive power control and a rapid current tracking performance is supposed to be achieved in a single-phase grid-connected inverter. However, the poor orthogonal-axis-constructing strategy and the ineffective decoupling in some widely-used controllers have severely weakened the dynamic performance of the single-phase inverter. To deal with the challenges above, this study proposes a comprehensive control strategy for current control in a single-phase grid-connected inverter. In the proposed control strategy, a virtual closed-loop is constructed to improve the dynamic performance and realize independent power control under a synchronous frame. Then, complex vector theory is used to model the virtual closed-loop based single-phase inverter, and a novel digital controller is designed based on zero-pole cancellation and minimum beat control to completely decouple the active/reactive components and achieve a supreme current tracking performance. Experimental results are shown to validate the feasibility of the proposed current controller.
Adaptive Marginal Costs-Based Distributed Economic Control of Microgrid Clusters Considering Line Loss
Authors: Zhou Xiaoqian , Ai Qian , Wang Hao
Published: December 2017

When several microgrids (MG) are interconnected into microgrid clusters (MGC), they have great potential to improve their reliability. Traditional droop control tends to make the total operating costs higher as the power is distributed by capacity ratios of distributed energy resources (DERs). This paper proposes an adaptive distributed economic control for islanded microgrids which considers line loss, specifically, an interesting marginal costs-based economic droop control is proposed, and consensus-based adaptive controller is applied, to deal with power limits and capacity constraints for storage. The whole expense can be effectively lowered by achieving identical marginal costs for DERs in MGC. Specially, the capacity constraints only for storages are also included to do further optimization. Moreover, consensus-based distributed secondary controllers are used to rapidly restore system frequency and voltage magnitudes. The above controllers only need to interact with neighbor DERs by a sparse communication network, eliminating the necessity of a central controller and enhancing the stability. A MGC, incorporating three microgrids, is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Vicariance and Oceanic Barriers Drive Contemporary Genetic Structure of Widespread Mangrove Species Sonneratia alba J. Sm in the Indo-West Pacific
Authors: Wee Alison , Teo Jessica , Chua Jasher , Takayama Koji , Asakawa Takeshi , Meenakshisundaram Sankararamasubramanian , Onrizal  , Adjie Bayu , Ardli Erwin , Sungkaew Sarawood , Suleiman Monica , Tung Nguyen , Salmo Severino , Yllano Orlex , Saleh M. , Soe Khin , Tateishi Yoichi , Watano Yasuyuki , Tsuda Yoshiaki , Kajita Tadashi , Webb Edward
Published: December 2017

Patterns of genetic structure are essential for a comprehensive understanding of the evolution and biogeography of a species. Here, we investigated the genetic patterns of one of the most widespread and abundant mangrove species in the Indo-West Pacific, Sonneratia alba J. Sm., in order to gain insights into the ecological and evolutionary drivers of genetic structure in mangroves. We employed 11 nuclear microsatellite loci and two chloroplast regions to genotyped 25 S. alba populations. Our objectives were to (1) assess the level of genetic diversity and its geographic distribution; and (2) determine the genetic structure of the populations. Our results revealed significant genetic differentiation among populations. We detected a major genetic break between Indo-Malesia and Australasia, and further population subdivision within each oceanic region in these two major clusters. The phylogeographic patterns indicated a strong influence of vicariance, oceanic barriers and geographic distance on genetic structure. In addition, we found low genetic diversity and high genetic drift at range edge. This study advances the scope of mangrove biogeography by demonstrating a unique scenario whereby a widespread species has limited dispersal and high genetic divergence among populations.
Building-Based Analysis of the Spatial Provision of Urban Parks in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Gao Wenxiu , Lyu Qiang , Fan Xiang , Yang Xiaochun , Liu Jiangtao , Zhang Xirui
Published: December 2017

Urban parks provide important environmental, social, and economic benefits to people and urban areas. The literature demonstrates that proximity to urban parks is one of the key factors influencing people’s willingness to use them. Therefore, the provision of urban parks near residential areas and workplaces is one of the key factors influencing quality of life. This study designed a solution based on the spatial association between urban parks and buildings where people live or work to identify whether people in different buildings have nearby urban parks available for their daily lives. A building density map based on building floor area (BFA) was used to illustrate the spatial distribution of urban parks and five indices were designed to measure the scales, service coverage and potential service loads of urban parks and reveal areas lacking urban park services in an acceptable walking distance. With such solution, we investigated the provision of urban parks in ten districts of Shenzhen in China, which has grown from several small villages to a megacity in only 30 years. The results indicate that the spatial provision of urban parks in Shenzhen is not sufficient since people in about 65% of the buildings cannot access urban parks by walking 10-min. The distribution and service coverage of the existing urban parks is not balanced at the district level. In some districts, the existing urban parks have good numbers of potential users and even have large service loads, while in some districts, the building densities surrounding the existing parks are quite low and at the same time there is no urban parks nearby some high-density areas.