bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Risk Perception of E-cigarettes and Hookah Among Youths in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: OKEKE Nkem Hillary , Obi Ndubuisi Paris , Nnebue Chinomnso Chinanuekpere
Published: January 2025

Background
E-cigarettes and hookah have gained significant popularity, particularly among young people in recent years, despite limited research on their safety and efficacy. Advertisements for these products are widespread across various media platforms, further increasing their popularity and raising awareness among youths. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and risk perception of e-cigarettes and hookah among youths in Anambra State, Nigeria.
Method
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in three tertiary institutions, selected through simple random sampling from the three Senatorial Districts of Anambra State. Participants (n = 272), aged 18–35 years, were recruited using a multi-stage stratified random sampling technique A self- administered, semi- structured questionnaires was shared amongst students of the three tertiary institutions that met the inclusion criteria. Descriptive statistics were generated, and chi-square tests were conducted to determine the level of significance at p < 0.05.
Result
The study showed that most participants (66.7%) reported the internet/media as their primary source of information about these substances. Majority (64.7%) perceived both e-cigarettes and hookah as equally harmful in terms of health risks, while 50.7% considered both substances equally addictive. Participants identified respiratory (65.4%) and cardiovascular (71.7%) diseases as the major health risks associated with e-cigarette and hookah use. Most users of these substances were within the 25–29 age group, and 7.4% of participants reported using both e-cigarettes and hookah. The majority of first-time users tried these devices in cafés/restaurants, followed by nightclubs.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates high awareness but limited comprehensive knowledge of the health risks associated with e-cigarette and hookah use among youths in Anambra State. The prevalence of use in social settings reveals the need for targeted education on their risks. Incorporating these products into smoke-free policies and regulating access in youth-centered environments are essential to curbing their growing use and associated health risks.
Population Modifiable Risk Factors for Depression and Anxiety among Reproductive-aged Women in Nepal: an analysis from 2022 Nepal demographic health survey data
Authors: Giri Santosh , Ross Nancy , Kornhaber Rachel , Ross Allen G. , Ahmed Kedir Y , Adhikari Pushpanjali , Huda M. Mamum , Anyasodor Anayochukwu E. , Astawesegn Feleke H. , Mahmood Shakeel , Thapa Subash
Published: January 2025

Identifying the critical modifiable risk factors for anxiety and depression is crucial for reducing the increasing burden of mental illness among reproductive-aged women 15–49 years in Nepal. We investigated Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs) of generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors among reproductive-age women. This cross-sectional study analysed the data from the Nepal Demographic Health Survey in 2022. Multilevel logistic regression analyses determined odds ratio (ORs) for risk factors associated with depression and anxiety. PAFs adjusted for communality were calculated using adjusted ORs and prevalence estimates for each risk factor. This study included a weighted sample of 7,410 women, with a mean age of 30 (± 10) years. Highest PAFs of depression were associated with women who experienced emotional abuse (PAF: 18.2%; 95%CI: 15.4–20.2), physical violence (PAF: 12.1%; 95%CI: 5.1–16.7), and sexual abuse (PAF: 9.0%; 95%CI: 5.9–11.5), functional difficulty (PAF: 6.9%; 95%CI: 2.8–10.1) and food insecurity (PAF: 6.6%; 95%CI: 4.4–8.4). These five potentially modifiable risk factors accounted for 52.8% (95%CI: 33.7–67.0) of depression cases. Highest PAFs for anxiety were associated with women who experienced emotional abuse (PAF: 10.8%; 95%CI: 8.7–12.7), functional impairment (PAF: 7.8%; 95%CI: 5.7–9.6), physical violence (PAF: 7.8%; 95%CI: 4.4–10.6), sexual abuse (PAF: 5.6%; 95%CI: 3.9–7.3), and food insecurity (PAF: 3.7%; 95%CI: 2.4–4.9). These five potentially modifiable risk factors accounted for 35.7% (95%CI: 25.2–45.1) of anxiety cases. The results of this study highlight the necessity of targeted strategies at the community and household levels to address violence against women. Couple-based approaches involving men are particularly relevant to break the cycle of intergenerational violence and fostering environments conducive for better mental health.
Inclusiveness of education as a factor of demographic security of Central Asia as a subject of the world economy
Authors: N. Ardak , A. Saule , U. Rakhila , U. Gulzhakhan , K. Elvira
Published: January 2025

The goal of this paper was to determine the role of inclusiveness of education in ensuring demographic security in Central Asia as a subject of the world economy and to identify the perspective of strengthening this security through the improvement of the educational system’s performing this role. The research was conducted based on the statistics of the UN, WIPO, and the World Bank for 2023, with the help of the methods of analysis of variance and correlation, regression, and trend analysis. As a result, the monitoring of the inclusiveness of the system of education and demographic security of Central Asia was conducted. It revealed that demographic security, same as inclusiveness of the system of higher education in countries of Central Asia in 2023, are high on the whole, but have a large growth potential. The factor analysis of the demographic security of Central Asia from the positions of inclusiveness of the system of education was conducted, and econometric models were compiled. They showed that the most significant and non-contradictory factors of the inclusiveness of education, which define demographic security, are scope of the higher education among the population, the share of graduates of academic and engineering specialities, and gender neutrality of the system of education. The perspective of strengthening the demographic security of Central Asia through an increase in the inclusiveness of the system of education was identified. The theoretical significance of the obtained results is connected with the fact that they disclosed the cause-and-effect relationships between demographic security with the inclusiveness of the system of higher education in Central Asia. The practical significance of the author’s recommendations for the increase in the inclusiveness of the system of higher education is that their implementation will allow for the fullest development of the potential for strengthening of demographic security of Central Asia in the period until 2030.
Uso de cinza de olaria e composto orgânico de macrófita aquática na recuperação de solos degradados
Authors:   , Gaudêncio Hiara Ruth da Silva Câmara
Published: January 2025

A intensificação da atividade humana para fins econômicos tem ocasionado impactos ambientais cada vez mais significativos, como por exemplo, a supressão vegetal e por consequência o empobrecimento do solo. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o uso de cinza de olaria e composto orgânico de macrófita aquática na recuperação de solos degradados. Assim, o experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação com delineamento experimental em esquema fatorial 5x5, sendo cinco doses do composto de aguapé e cinco doses de cinza com três repetições, onde o volume de solo correspondeu a 2 dm³ e as doses de cinza corresponderam à 0, 1, 3, 5 e 10% do volume de cada vaso e às de composto de aguapé à 0, 5, 10, 20 e 30%. Após a mistura da composição solo, composto e cinza equivalente a cada tratamento, esta foi colocada em vasos plásticos, incubados 20 dias e em seguida realizado o transplantio das mudas de Jucá (Libidibia ferrea). Por ocasião da coleta, as mudas foram cortadas ao nível do solo, secas em estufa de circulação forçada de ar a 70°C até peso constante, pesadas, trituradas em moinho para obtenção da matéria seca da parte aérea (MSPA) e posteriormente foram mineralizadas por digestão nítrica. Nos extratos foram determinados os teores totais de Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd e Pb. Após a retirada das mudas, o solo de cada vaso foi seco ao ar, homogeneizado e quantificado os teores de Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd e Pb. A adição das doses de cinza e o composto contribuíram para o aumento do pH, que consequentemente influenciou na absorção dos metais pesados pelas mudas, bem como no crescimento das mesmas.
Currículo: representações para os sujeitos da escola do campo na Maisa
Authors:   , Medeiros Maria de Lourdes Fernandes de
Published: January 2025

A pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo o currículo e efetivação do mesmo a partir do desenvolvimento das práticas pedagógicas dos professores de uma escola do campo, localizada na Cidade de Mossoró-RN e como viés do currículo as temáticas: ambiente, tecnologia e sociedade. Como problemática principal dessa pesquisa, trazemos a questão: como o currículo dar conta das questões ambientais, tecnológicas e sociais, a partir da ação dos professores. Para compreender essas relações fizemos um recorte no Ensino Médio, e por isso foram definidos os seguintes objetivos: comparar a partir das relações dos professores com as Diretrizes Operacionais da Educação do Campo, elementos que se constituem como especificidade das escolas do campo, do ponto de vista destes sujeitos sobre a apropriação das questões ambientais, tecnológicas, sociais e culturais; identificar como se materializa as relações do currículo com o ambiente, tecnologia e sociedade; verificar as representações atribuídas ao currículo escolar pelos professores; analisar as narrativas dos professores sobre o desenvolvimento de sua ação pedagógica, desafios e possibilidades do currículo na prática. O método para desenvolver esse estudo foi a pesquisa qualitativa e a estratégia metodológica da pesquisa-ação. Selecionamos este tipo de investigação por estar associada a diversas formas de ação coletiva, assim, usamos os encontros do Pacto do Ensino Médio e as reuniões pedagógicas e administrativas da escola ao qual denominamos de “percurso formativo”, além disso, utilizarmos os diálogos dos professores, que foram gravados e filmados, observamos as salas de aulas, ouvimos os estudantes, analisamos os documentos oficiais da escola e realizamos uma entrevista aberta com a diretora e a coordenadora pedagógica da escola. Buscamos conhecer as concepções e estratégias metodológicas utilizadas pelos professores para viabilizar os seus projetos sobre o tema. Utilizamos o percurso formativo como fonte de estudo, para podermos construir um olhar aprofundado acerca das ações realizadas no âmbito da escola, notadamente em 2015, produzindo uma análise acerca das representações que os professores e equipe pedagógica têm sobre o currículo e sua relação com a prática pedagógica, na interseção deste com a disciplinaridade e a interdisciplinaridade. Foram vários aspectos discutidos e nuances diversas, mas, um dos resultados principais é de que a escola possui um histórico de atividades desenvolvidas extra sala de aula, nestes momentos ela se destaca, e neste contexto os professores conseguem envolver os estudantes de forma ativa, participativa e colaborativa, nessas atividades o currículo consegue intercruzar com os temas ambiente, tecnologia e sociedade, e as representações que a escola tem de currículo é de um currículo formal, hierárquico, no entanto, quando traz essa ação curricular para a prática pedagógica e/ou ação didática, outros movimentos são construídos.
Caracterização da reserva faunística costeira de Tibau do Sul – REFAUTS, Rio Grande do Norte: proposta de ordenamento do turismo
Authors:   , Nascimento Larycynthia Luana Sousa do
Published: January 2025

A Reserva Faunística Costeira de Tibau do Sul – REFAUTS localiza-se na praia de Pipa, litoral sul do Rio Grande do Norte, e tem como principais objetivos a conservação da biodiversidade costeira e marinha, especialmente as tartarugas marinhas e o boto-cinza, Sotalia guianensis, frequentemente encontrado nas enseadas do Madeiro e dos Golfinhos. Tendo em vista o crescimento do ecoturismo na REFAUTS na última década, este estudo teve como principais objetivos: (i) descrever a atividade econômico-turística nesta Reserva; (ii) caracterizar o turismo de observação de botos-cinza a partir de embarcação e o perfil do turista que realizou os passeios; (iii) avaliar a intensidade do fluxo turístico nesta Reserva e (iv) estimar a capacidade de carga turística da REFAUTS. Para tanto, foram realizadas cinco expedições à área de estudo – três expedições em 2014 e duas expedições em 2015, totalizando 19 dias de amostragem. A coleta de dados na área de estudo ocorreu entre 9:00h e 16:00h. Neste estudo, nós registramos 29 empreendimentos turísticos na enseada do Madeiro e 5 empreendimentos turísticos na enseada dos Golfinhos. Foram registradas 11 embarcações licenciadas realizando os passeios para observação de botos-cinza na REFAUTS. Os passeios ocorreram das 9:00h as 16:00h, com maior fluxo de passeios entre 11:00h e 11:30h. Os turistas que realizaram os passeios de barco na REFAUTS foram principalmente mulheres jovens, de nacionalidade brasileira, com escolaridade superior e originárias da região sudeste do Brasil. A partir da avaliação do fluxo turístico, o número de turistas, de surfistas e de caiaques foi maior na enseada do Madeiro do que na enseada dos Golfinhos. Contudo, o número de embarcações não diferiu entre as duas enseadas. O número de turistas registrado na área de estudo foi superior a capacidade de carga turística estimada. Embora a REFAUTS tenha sido criada em 2006, esta ainda não dispõe de um plano de manejo para ordenamento do turismo. Este estudo trata-se da primeira proposta de ordenamento do turismo naREFAUTS, tendo como base o atual fluxo turístico, o perfil do turista e a capacidade de carga da Reserva.
Pengaruh Perceived Enjoyment Dan Effort Expectancy Terhadap Purchase Intention
Authors: Manusakerti Kirana Duiaryane , Susilowati Christin
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the effects of perceived enjoyment and effort expectancy on purchase intention during TikTok live shopping. The object is TikTok live shopping. This explanatory research elucidates the causal relationship between its dependent and independent variables using quantitative approach. Using purposive sampling technique, 85 undergraduate students of Management Department of Faculty of Economics and Business of Universitas Brawijaya who have used TikTok for more than one year were selected as the respondents. The data was harvested via 5-point Liker-scaled closed questionnaires and analyzed through multiple linear regression in IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. This study finds that perceived enjoyment and effort expectancy significantly affects purchase intention during TikTok live shopping.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh perceived enjoyment dan effort expectancy terhadap purchase intention pada TikTok live shopping. Objek penelitian ini adalah TikTok live shopping. Penelitian ini merupakan explanatory research yang menjelaskan hubungan kausal antar variabel dependen dan independen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner tertutup menggunakan skala pengukuran likert lima poin. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berjumlah minimal 85 responden dengan kriteria yaitu mahasiswa S1 Departemen Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya yang telah mengunduh aplikasi TikTok lebih dari satu tahun. Data diolah menggunakan metode analisis regresi berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS IBM Statistic versi 26. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa perceived enjoyment dan effort expectancy berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap purchase intention pada TikTok live shopping.
Evaluation of personality traits influencing destination selection among Vietnamese tourists
Authors:   Faculty of Cultural Studies, Hanoi University of Culture, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nam Nguyen Thanh , Phuong Bui Cam ,   Faculty of Tourism, Thang Long University, Hanoi, Vietnam, Long Pham Tran Thang ,   Faculty of Tourism, Thang Long University, Hanoi, Vietnam, Thao Truong Duc ,   Faculty of Economics and Management, Dai Nam University, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the factors influencing Vietnamese tourists' destination choices using survey data from 405 visitors to tourist sites in Hanoi, Vietnam. The research integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and personality trait theory to develop a comprehensive framework. Data analysis, conducted using SPSS 20 and AMOS 24, reveals that tourists with modern personality traits positively impact destination selection and strengthen the relationship between travel intention and selection behavior. In contrast, traditional personality traits neither directly influence destination choice nor enhance this relationship. The findings also highlight that travel intentions are driven by the perceived ease of trip planning and the benefits of travel, with travel intention emerging as the most significant determinant of destination selection. These insights provide valuable implications for tourism marketing strategies and destination management.
Assessing basin’s dynamic hydrological characteristics using statistical analysis on rainfall – river discharge observation data
Authors: Rusli Steven Reinaldo , Senjaya Theo
Published: January 2025

Hydrological studies often rely on physical-based modelling approaches to simulate water cycles. However, such an approach requires extensive basin physical data inputs, including features, attributes, and properties that are quantifiable, which often are lacking in data-scarce areas. Therefore, this study explores an alternative viewpoint by using simple statistical analysis to assess the dynamic basin’s hydrological characteristics. We collate and divide the rainfall and discharge observation data in the Upper Citarum River basin into three periods: period 1 (2000–2005), period 2 (2000–2010), and period 3 (2000–2015). After defining baseflow separation, we quantify the basin’s baseflow using simple statistical analysis. The 5-years average of the baseflow fluctuations (33.15 m3/s, 12.88 m3/s, and 27.59 m3/s during each period) is in agreement with previous studies’ physical-based results. The subsequent frequency analysis indicates a trend of increasing rainfall, although it is not followed by the trend in the river discharge variable. Due to the stochastic nature of extreme events occurrence and available data length, we evaluate the dynamic basin’s runoff generation using quasi-synthetic rainfall instead of conventional design storm, to equalize the stimuli (rainfall) in evaluating the target system (basin’s hydrological characteristics). Under identical sets of forcing input, the quasi-synthetic river discharge consistently increases in each period, in both the median (15.39% and 25.34%) and extreme (21.86% and 29.46%) values. The results reveal the basin’s evolving hydrological responses, which is mostly influenced by anthropogenic factors. This simple statistical approach enables the evaluation of basin characteristics’ dynamics in data-limited areas, bypassing extensive data collection and random event occurrences, while still providing consistent results.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION BETWEEN INTRATHECAL HYPERBARIC ROPIVACAINE 0.75% ALONE VERSUS INTRATHECAL HYPERBARIC ROPIVACAINE 0.75% AND DEXMEDETOMIDINE IN LOWER ABDOMINAL SURGERIES
Authors: AAYUSHI  , KAUR PUNEETPAL , SHARMA S. P.
Published: January 2025

Objective: Spinal anesthesia is preferred for lower abdominal surgeries due to its benefits like reduced stress response and lower risk of complications. However, the limited duration of local anesthetics has led to the exploration of adjuvants like dexmedetomidine, which is known to enhance and prolong the anesthetic effect without significant respiratory depression.
Methods: This prospective, randomized study involved 60 ASA I-II patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery, divided into three groups: Group A received intrathecal hyperbaric ropivacaine 0.75% with normal saline, Group B with ropivacaine 0.75% and 2.5 mcg dexmedetomidine, and Group C with ropivacaine 0.75% and 5 mcg dexmedetomidine. The study measured onset and duration of sensory and motor block, hemodynamic parameters, and side effects.
Results: Adding dexmedetomidine enhanced the onset and duration of both sensory and motor blocks. Group C, which received 5 mcg dexmedetomidine, showed the fastest onset and longest duration of block, with stable hemodynamics and minimal side effects compared to ropivacaine alone.
Conclusion: The study concludes that intrathecal dexmedetomidine at 5 mcg with ropivacaine 0.75% significantly improves the efficacy of spinal anesthesia for lower abdominal surgeries, suggesting that this combination could be an effective and safe option for enhancing surgical anesthesia.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EPIDURAL ROPIVACAINE 0.75% VERSUS ROPIVACAINE 0.75% WITH CLONIDINE IN LOWER LIMB SURGERIES: EFFICACY, HEMODYNAMICS, AND SAFETY PROFILE
Authors: SHEKHAWAT DEVASHISH SINGH , KUMAR UPENDRA , VIJAY YASH
Published: January 2025

Objective: Epidural ropivacaine is extensively used for lower limb surgeries due to its effective analgesic properties and safety profile. The addition of clonidine as an adjuvant may enhance these effects, but its implications on efficacy, hemodynamics, and safety are not fully established.
Methods: In a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 80 patients undergoing lower limb surgeries were assigned to receive either ropivacaine 0.75% or ropivacaine 0.75% with clonidine epidurally. Parameters such as onset and duration of sensory and motor blocks, hemodynamic changes, postoperative pain scores, and side effects were meticulously recorded and analyzed.
Results: Clonidine significantly improved the onset and duration of sensory and motor blocks, maintained better hemodynamic stability, and provided superior pain control compared to ropivacaine alone. There were no significant adverse effects requiring intervention beyond standard care.
Conclusion: Clonidine is an effective adjuvant to ropivacaine in epidural anesthesia for lower limb surgeries, enhancing analgesic quality and duration while being hemodynamically stable and safe.
Entre desplazamiento y pérdidas: consecuencias de las violencias en la salud reproductiva y la maternidad en Chiapas, México
Authors: Morales Domínguez Magdalena del Carmen
Published: January 2025

En este estudio se analizan las consecuencias de las violencias y el desplazamiento forzado en la salud reproductiva y la maternidad de mujeres en Chiapas, México, en un contexto marcado por el aumento de conflictos armados y la presencia de delincuencia organizada. En la investigación se combina una revisión bibliográfica centrada en la relación entre conflictos armados y salud reproductiva, con la recopilación de relatos de vida de tres mujeres desplazadas en 2024, quienes compartieron sus experiencias durante el proceso de maternidad. Los hallazgos evidencian un acceso limitado a atención prenatal, así como un incremento en las complicaciones maternas. También se subraya la urgencia de fortalecer la atención sanitaria y las medidas de protección para las mujeres desplazadas, y se destaca la escasez de investigaciones específicas en México y la necesidad de adoptar enfoques más inclusivos y adaptados a los contextos locales.
De guerrilleros a policías en El Salvador. Reconversión posinsurgente de excombatientes del FMLN en la PNC (1993-2024)
Authors: Baltazar Landeros Edgar
Published: January 2025

Con el objetivo de reconstruir trayectorias de excombatientes del Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN) como integrantes de la Policía Nacional Civil (PNC) de El Salvador, en este artículo se discute el concepto de reconversión posinsurgente y su aplicación para la comprensión del período de posguerra. Se aplica la metodología cualitativa de trayectorias laborales y su relación con hitos en las políticas de seguridad. Entre los resultados del análisis de entrevistas con 16 informantes clave, se identificaron diferencias sustanciales entre las trayectorias de los mandos policiales y del personal de escala básica, además de convergencias y divergencias en las trayectorias en función de la organización político-militar de origen.
A One Stop Solution Focusing on Tourism
Authors: Vasanthe Bathini , S Pavithra P. , O Deekshitha , S Ms. Meena Kumari K.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: For travelers, the most frustrating task is planning a well-organized and budget-friendly trip. Even through travel
agencies provide ready-made schedules, they cannot cater to the needs of every traveler. Most people would like to have a
relaxing and enjoyable holiday, but the complicated process of planning a trip usually results in cancellations, which makes it
hard to bring travel dreams into reality.
This would simply be a process through the integration of multiple important services within one convenient solution in All-InOne Tourism. Some features in the platform are the ability for users to login and register, which gives them an opportunity to
create their personal accounts and manage them. The platform is able to help users search places, find cabs, book hotels, and
get events around the place within a single application. Also, the application has a feedback section in which user can share
their experience and ideas.
This platform makes use of Django for development of back-end; it is a powerful web framework, which ensures smooth and
secure performance. The front-end is done in HTML and CSS to create an easy-to use, aesthetic interface. Combining all these
technologies, All-In-One tourism streamlines travel planning, saving time for travelers and making their travels easier to
organize and enjoy.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI RAGI DAN PROPORSI KACANG TUNGGAK (Vigna unguiculata L.) DAN KACANG KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK TEMPE
Authors: Wijayanti Ervina Dwi , Harini Noor , Elianarni Dahlia
Published: January 2025

Tempe merupakan produk pangan yang sangat potensial sebagai sumber protein nabati. Jenis kacang lokal yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan bahan baku tempe selain kacang kedelai yaitu jenis kacang tunggak atau kacang tolo (vigna unguiculanta L.). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui interaksi antara konsentrasi ragi dan proporsi kacang tunggak dan kacang kedelai terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia tempe. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAK) terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu konsentrasi ragi (1% dan 2%) dan variasi jenis kacang yang digunakan yaitu kacang tunggak dan kacang kedelai. Pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan Analisis ragam dengan taraf 5% dan dilakukan uji pembeda DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada kandungan kadar air tertinggi pada perlakuan A2B4 66,72, kadar abu yang tertinggi pada perlakuan A1B5 1,47, kandungan protein yang tertinggi pada perlakuan A1B5  yaitu 100% kacang kedelai. Pada kadar lemak tertinggi pada sampel A2B4 yaitu 8,11 kandungan karbohidrat tertinggi yaitu pada perlakuan A2B2 yaitu 16,4. Sedangkan pada pengukuran intensitas warna dan uji organoleptik terdapat perbedaan nyata. Pada pengujian organoleptik menujukan bahwa panelis lebih menyukai perlakuan A1B5 yaitu konsentrasi ragi 1% dengan variasi jenis kacang tunggak 0% dan kacang kedelai 100%.
Análisis de la política agrícola en México: rentabilidad, competitividad y autosuficiencia alimentaria en granos básicos.
Authors: De Luis Peralta Agustín , Vega Valdivia Dixia Dania , Garza Bueno Laura Elena , Barrios Puente Gerónimo
Published: January 2025

La entrada de México al Tratado de Libre Comercio, ocasionó que se aplicaran medidas contin-gentes en el sector agrícola, como el Programa de Apoyos Directos al Campo (PROCAMPO). Este programa, se diseñó para promover la rentabilidad, la competitividad y las ventajas comparativas en los cultivos básicos. Al respecto, este estudio, se enfocó en analizar el impacto del PROCAMPO sobre los cultivos de arroz, frijol, maíz y trigo en México en 2018, mediante una Matriz de Análisis de Política (MAP). La hipótesis que se formuló, fue que PROCAMPO, no generó suficientes ventajas comparativas, no se fomentó la competitividad y la rentabilidad para conservar o aumentar la autosuficiencia alimentaria en los granos básicos. Para contrastar la hipótesis, se usó la MAP, una herramienta de análisis microeconómico, que permite identificar las ventajas comparativas, la competitividad, la rentabilidad y el impacto de políticas, a través de las fallas de los mercados en precios sociales y privados. Los resultados indican que, existen ventajas comparativas, competitividad y rentabilidad en los cultivos, en el esquema de riego, pero en los cultivos de temporal, se mantuvieron en una rentabilidad y competitividad muy bajas y ventajas comparativas mínimas, por lo tanto, se concluye que PROCAMPO, no contribuyó de manera significativa a la autosuficiencia alimentaria y a las ventajas comparativas, aunque si evitó, el abandono de la producción de los granos básicos por parte de los agricultores. Este estudio, resalta la necesidad de políticas más efectivas, para mejorar la competitividad y las ventajas comparativas, especialmente, en los cultivos de temporal.
Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Jumlah Penerimaan Zakat pada Baznas Tahun 2015- 2023
Authors: Refi Emilia Svetlana  , Nurhayadi Yadi , Legowati Diah Ayu
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the effect of inflation, money supply, and minimum wage on the amount of zakat receipts at BAZNAS. This research uses quantitative research with ratio scale datas. The data collection technique method in this research is the documentation method which takes data reports on the official websites of Bank Indonesia, Badan Pusat Statistik, and Badan Amil Zakat Nasional from 2015 to 2023. The data analysis method for this research uses multiple linear regression analysis by carrying out classical assumption test and hypothesis testing. The data processing tool used is the Stata 17 program. The results of this research show that partially inflation has no significant effect on the amount of zakat receipts, the amount of money supply has a positive significant effect on the amount of zakat receipts, and the minimum wage has no significant effect on the amount of zakat receipts. Then, simultaneously the variables inflation, money supply, and minimum wage have a significant effect on the amount of zakat receipts.
Pengaruh Indeks Keislaman, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, dan IPM terhadap Kebahagiaan Masyarakat di Wilayah Pesisir Selat Malaka
Authors: Muhammad Rizal Akbar
Published: January 2025

Community happiness is an important indicator of the country's welfare and is related to the quality of life. The Malacca Strait Coastal Area, which includes Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand, has cultural, religious, and economic policy differences that affect people's happiness. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Islamicity Index, economic growth, and Human Development Index (HDI) on happiness in this region. The research method used is a quantitative-descriptive design, with secondary data from 2020 to 2024 covering the Islamicity Index, HDI, and economic growth. Descriptive analysis shows that the Islamicity Index has a significant negative effect on happiness with a coefficient of -0.257985 (p-value 0.0067), while economic growth has a varied impact. HDI had the most significant positive influence with a coefficient of 7.616624 (p-value 0.0000). These findings show that HDI is the dominant factor in increasing happiness, while the Islamicity Index and economic growth require a more inclusive approach. The results of this study are expected to provide insight for policymakers to prioritize increasing HDI to achieve sustainable happiness in the Malacca Strait Coastal area.
Analisis Kontrak Syariah Dalam E-Commerce: Studi Terhadap Akad Murabahah dan Salam di Era Digital
Authors: Muhamad Ibnu Afrelian  , Chamdini Putri  , Khufyah Robe'nur
Published: January 2025

The development of e-commerce presents significant opportunities for Muslims to engage in digital transactions that align with Islamic legal principles. This study aims to analyse the application of Shariah-compliant contracts, specifically murabahah and salam, in digital transactions and identify the challenges faced in their implementation. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this research examines the validity of these contracts in e-commerce based on fiqh al-muamalat, DSN-MUI fatwas, and maqasid al-shariah.   The findings reveal that murabahah and salam contracts are highly adaptable to e-commerce due to their emphasis on transparency and fairness. However, several key challenges were identified, including the potential for gharar caused by inaccurate product descriptions, the contentious validity of digital ijab and qabul, and the risk of riba in instalment-based payment systems. Proposed solutions include strengthening regulations tailored to Shariah-compliant e-commerce platforms, educating consumers and business actors on Shariah-compliant contracts, and providing more transparent transaction mechanisms to minimise gharar. This study concludes that implementing Shariah-compliant contracts in e-commerce aligns strongly with maqasid al-shariah, particularly in safeguarding wealth and ensuring justice for all parties involved.
Development and Validation of RP-High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Teneligliptin and Pioglitazone In Tablet Formulation
Authors: Vinay T  , Lalitha N  , Mubeen G
Published: January 2025

A reliable, economical, sensitive and reproducible RP-HPLC was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Teneligliptin (TENE) and Pioglitazone (PIO) in combined dosage form. In the RP-HPLC method the mobile phase used was Acetonitrile: 5mM potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (KH2PO4) buffer (60:40) at PH 3.6 and flow rate was 1.0 ml per min. The method was scanned at isosbestic point 238 nm for both the drugs. The linearity range for TENE and PIO was found to be 0.1-500 µg/ml and 0.500 µg/ml with regression correlation coefficient of (R2) 1.000 and 0.999 respectively. The LOD and LOQ for TENE was found to be 0.002645 and 0.0801 and for PIO was found to be 0.017727 and 0.05371 respectively.  The retention time for Teneligliptin andPioglitazone was found to be 2.678 min and 5.010 min respectively. The percentage Assay for TENE and PIO was found to be 97.90-100.69%w/w and 98.53-99.58% w/w respectively. The developed method RP-HPLC was validated as per ICH guidelines.
Development and characterization of Luliconazole Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Topical Delivery
Authors: Muktai N. Rudrurkar  , Vishweshwar M. Dharashive  , Dr. Sameer Shafi  , Anis J. Kazi
Published: January 2025

Superficial fungal infections in immunocompromised patients can lead to various disorders and complications. There is a critical need for new topical treatment options for these fungal infections. Luliconazole (LUZ) is a topical antifungal medicine used to treat fungal infections. This paper aims to develop a new topical gel incorporating Luliconazole SLN (LUZ-SLN). The study suggests that LUZ-SLN embedded in a gel could serve as an effective drug delivery system for topical antifungal treatments. Initial experiments were conducted to characterize the LUZ-SLN and compare it with the raw drug. The prepared gel was found to be homogeneous, safe for human use, and non-irritating. The nano-systems demonstrated a 5-fold enhancement in solubility, a s4-fold increase in dissolution velocity, greater skin retention, and improved antifungal activity. The LUZ-SLN gel showed the highest drug retention in different skin layers within 8 hours. Additionally, both LUZ-SLN and Control exhibited higher ZOI (Zone of Inhibition) values (93mm and 87mm, respectively) compared to marketed cream (83mm ). This suggests that the LUZ-SLN-loaded gel was more effective in combating the fungus. Therefore, the LUZ-SLN-loaded gel presents a new approach with improved activity and enhanced dermal delivery for drugs with poor aqueous solubility, compared to traditional drug-containing gel formulations.
A Review on "Ocuserts (An Ophthalmic Insert)”
Authors: Nidhi A. Bagmar  , Pooja R. Hatwar  , Prashant G. Shelke  , Dr. Ravindra L. Bakal
Published: January 2025

The eye is God's most wonderful creation of all the sense organs in the human body since it allows us to see numerous objects both near and far away. An ocular implant is a cutting-edge device for treating eye diseases. The design and development of an ocular insert has always been a difficulty for pharmaceutical researchers and manufacturers. Ocuserts, also known as ophthalmic inserts, are "sterile preparations in the form of solid or semisolid, whose size and shape are specially designed to be applied to the eyes". Solvent casting, the Glass Substrate technique, and hot melt extrusion were used to create ocuserts. The inserts can be classed as insoluble, soluble, or biodegradable based on their solubility. The drug's release from the insert is determined by its diffusion, osmosis, and bioerosion. The ocuserts' objective is to enhance pharmaceutical contact with conjunctiva tissue, resulting in constant dose release. Uniform ocular drug levels reduce systemic side effects, minimise doses, and improve patient compliance. Preparing ocular inserts aims to enhance medication bioavailability. Ocular inserts keep medication concentrations within the appropriate range. Using fewer administrations leads to better patient compliance. The page covers the eye's many parts and anatomy, along with an explanatory image.This study aims to offer an update on current understanding in ocular medication delivery. Also, this review focuses on the current usage of ocuserts to treat eye disorders.
A Review on Introduction, Importance and Applications of Peptidomimetics.
Authors: Patil Kunal  , Chaudhari Anwar  , Dule Priya  , Garkar Rushikesh  , Sayais Prashant  , Patil Rutik  , Jagtap Vaibhav kumar
Published: January 2025

Peptidomimetics, a class of compounds that bridge the gap between peptides and small molecules, have emerged as a transformative class of compounds in drug discovery and therapeutics. Using information from recent studies, this review examines the importance, design approaches, uses, and potential future directions of Peptidomimetic When compared to natural peptides, peptidomimetics show superior stability, selectivity, and versatility. This increases the drug gable space and makes it possible to develop novel therapeutic modalities. Optimizing the pharmacokinetic properties and target interactions of peptidomimetics requires the application of rational design strategies, structural modifications, and synthetic methodologies. Targeting protein-protein inter actions, inhibiting enzymes, and modifying immune checkpoints are examples of diverse therapeutic applications with potential in oncology, infectious diseases, neurology, and other fields. It is the goal of future research directions to embrace interdisciplinary approaches, investigate cutting-edge fields like immunotherapy and precision medicine, and address issues like off-target effects and synthetic accessibility. Peptidomimetics has the potential to significantly transform drug discovery and advance precision medicine techniques for better patient outcomes.
Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Resistant Hypertension: Insights from a Retrospective Observational Study on Age, Hormonal Dysregulation, and Anthropometric Correlates
Authors: Dr. Arbind Kumar Choudhary  , Afreen Munir  , Jeevan Susan George  , Dr Hemalatha Selvaraj  , Dr Anamitra Hait  , Dr. Dharmalingam Thirunavukkarasu
Published: January 2025

Resistant hypertension (RH) presents a significant clinical challenge, often requiring multi-faceted management strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of the Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio (ARR) as a diagnostic tool in identifying potential hormonal contributors to RH. Methods: We retrospectively analysed data from 852 patients diagnosed with RH at Nandha College of Pharmacy, Erode  between December 2023 and March 2024. Patients met specific criteria for RH, including uncontrolled blood pressure despite treatment with three or more antihypertensive agents from different classes, including a diuretic. Exclusion criteria included secondary causes of hypertension. ARR was calculated by dividing serum aldosterone concentration by plasma renin activity, with a ratio ≥ 20 considered suggestive of primary aldosteronism. Results: A strong association between advancing age and RH was observed, with mean age progressively increasing from 25.67 years in the youngest age group to 76.12 years in the oldest. Approximately 59.15% of hypertensive patients had RH, with nearly half (46.63%) attributable to evident secondary causes. Notably, the remaining 53.37% lacked a clear secondary cause. Analysis of ARR revealed a statistically significant positive correlation with age, suggesting a potential link between aging and hormonal dysregulation within the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Patients with RH also exhibited higher body weights, BMI, and waist circumferences compared to those with controlled hypertension. Conclusion: This study suggests that ARR may be a valuable tool for identifying potential hormonal contributors to RH, particularly in older patients. The observed association between age, ARR, and RH highlights the need for age-tailored management strategies that incorporate hormonal assessment and address modifiable risk factors such as obesity. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore the clinical implications of ARR-guided management in RH.
Silver Nanoparticles: A Modern Era of Nanotechnology
Authors: Amruta Magar  , Dr. Vishweshwar Dharashive  , Dr. Sameer Shafi  , Gangaram Kartale  , Sayali Bedare  , Vikas Bhosale
Published: January 2025

Recently, Silver nanoparticlesare used for a wide range of applications, such as wastewater treatment, catalytic activity, wound heal targeted drug administration, antibacterial activity, because of their special and adjustable qualities. For the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, A variety of preparation techniques have been used noteworthy strategies include chemical methods, physical synthetic methods, and biological assisted methods. Characterization is carried out using a variety of entirely distinct methods, such as Fourier transform infrared chemical analysis (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission and scanning microscopy (TEM and SEM), and UV-Vis chemical analysis. This review paper's objective is to discuss the Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Anticancer MOA of Silver nanoparticles and their toxicity and future prospectives.
CHANGE OF THE FUNCTION OF GREEN OPEN SPACE (RTH) LAND INTO COMMERCIAL LAND IN GAMPONG TIBANG, SYIAH KUALA DISTRICT
Authors: Nurjannah Raihan , Yahya Faisal , Akbar Hajarul
Published: January 2025

This research aims to examine the change in the function of green open space (RTH) into commercial land in Gampong Tibang, Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh, based on the concept of maslahah. Changes in land function in Gampong Tibang include the conversion of RTH land into residential areas, businesses, and public facilities that conflict with the ecological function of the land. This phenomenon has a significant impact, such as decreasing environmental quality, decreasing water absorption capacity, and increasing the risk of flooding. This study uses an empirical legal approach with a descriptive qualitative analysis method. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, documentation, and literature studies. The results of the study show that there has been a change in the function of RTH in Gampong Tibang due to rapid urbanization which has encouraged the conversion of RTH in Gampong Tibang into residential and commercial areas. Although in accordance with Banda Aceh City Qanun Number 2 of 2018 and Perwal Number 13 of 2021 concerning RDTR, this change reduces water absorption capacity and increases the risk of tidal flooding. Land conversion is strictly regulated through the RTRW and RDTR, which allow changes according to their designation. However, ecological impacts and sustainability must be considered so that development continues to support environmental balance. From a maslahah perspective, this change fulfills the basic needs of society (maslahah dharuriyyah) such as housing, but still requires careful planning to ensure environmental sustainability and the long-term welfare of future generations
Enhancing the Performance of Paroxetine Hydrochloride Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets for Anti-depression Treatment: A Response Surface Methodological Approach
Authors: Samanthula Dr. Kumara Swamy
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aimed to find a way to make buccal tablets of Paroxetine Hydrochloride (PRX) that stick
to mucous membranes effectively and have a controlled release. Materials and Methods: Response surface
approach, notably a three-level strategy, and Design Expert® software were used to develop and optimize
Paroxetine Hydrochloride buccal tablets for oral medication delivery. PRX’s unidirectional mucoadhesive
buccal tablets were prepared by direct compression using Carbopol 934P and HPMC K15M as mucoadhesive
controlled release agents. The developed formulations were assessed for a variety of characteristics before and
after compression, as well as for surface pH, swelling, ex vivo mucoadhesive strength, and in vitro and ex vivo
drug release. Results: The Fourier-transformed infrared spectrum and differential scanning calorimetry peak
of Paroxetine Hydrochloride indicated that there was no interaction between the drug and the used excipients.
Swelling index research found that polymer concentration is directly correlated with swelling. Formulation F4
Paroxetine Hydrochloride exhibited the highest mucoadhesive strength (0.93 ± 0.06N) with the highest ratio
of carbopol 934P and HPMC K15M (2:5), while formulation F11 had the weakest force (0.68 ± 0.04N) due to
higher and lower polymer quantities. In in vitro release trials, tablet formulation F9 demonstrated superior release
characteristics (95.57 ± 0.42%, 8 h) compared to other formulations due to carbopol 934P and HPMC K15M
swelling, drug release was slow (0–63.34%) for the first 4 h. Drug release increased from 4 to 8 h, reaching
95.57 ± 0.42% by the end. Ex vivo permeation research using drug release experiments identified formulation
F9 as the best, with a 70.88 ± 2.65% drug release compared to 42.65 ± 2.52%. Conclusion: The ideal controlled
release system would release the medication at the right time and keep it at the therapeutic level for as long as
possible. According to dissolving profiles and swelling data, mucoadhesive buccal tablets released Paroxetine
Hydrochloride mostly due to the quickly hydrating polymer. This study aimed to bypass first-pass metabolism and
increase Paroxetine Hydrochloride bioavailability.