bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A retrospective case series evaluating the outcome of implants with low primary stability
Authors: Lee Kwan‐Joo , Cha Jae‐Kook , Sanz‐Martin Ignacio , Sanz Mariano , Jung Ui‐Won
Published: June 2019

Objectives

There is a need of more studies on whether low primary implant stability would negatively influence the success of implant therapy. Therefore, this retrospective study analyses outcomes of implants placed with low primary stability and factors that may be related to implant failures.

Material and methods

This retrospective study included 156 patients, restored with 169 implants that presented manual rotation within an observed follow‐up time of a minimum of 34 days and a maximum of 9.28 years. Descriptive statistics, survival analyses (life tables and Kaplan–Meier estimates) and radiographic assessment based on marginal bone level measurements were performed. This original study was adherent to STROBE guidelines.

Results

Seven implants failed in seven patients, rendering cumulative survival rates of 94.74% (95% CI: 89.11–97.50) and 94.33% (95% CI: 88.30–97.30) at implant and patient levels, respectively. Kaplan–Meier estimates showed implant loss was found only in advanced surgery group (7 implant loss in 82 implants) when compared with simple surgery group (no implant loss in 87 implants; p = 0.005).

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this retrospective study, implant placement with low primary stability might not negatively affect either the survival rates or marginal bone level changes of implants provided that a protected and unloaded healing is guaranteed.
Impact of IS Capabilities on Firm Performance: The Roles of Organizational Agility and Industry Technology Intensity
Authors: Felipe Carmen M. , Leidner Dorothy E. , Roldán José L. , Leal‐Rodríguez Antonio L.
Published: June 2019

Drawing on the information technology (IT)‐enabled capabilities perspective, this study develops a model that extends our knowledge of the mechanisms through which IT contributes to business value. Specifically, we provide new insights to the stream of research that proposes organizational agility to be a higher order capability enabled by information systems (IS) capabilities that impacts firm performance, and we test the contingency effect of an important environmental factor—the technology intensity of the industry. To empirically study the proposed relationships, data were collected from 153 Spain‐based firms and analyzed using a partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results indicate that IS capabilities positively affect firm performance through the full mediation of organizational agility. Furthermore, a multigroup analysis reveals that the impact of IS capabilities on organizational agility is greater for companies in high‐tech intensity industries than for those in medium‐tech intensity industries. An important implication is the identification of some capabilities that might jointly enhance firm performance through their interplay, as well as the external environmental factors that influence these relationships. When designing firms’ IT strategies, managers seeking to optimize firm performance should embed appropriate IS capabilities into the key business processes to enable an agile response in the organization.
Type 2 diabetes remission 1 year after an intensive lifestyle intervention: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ried‐Larsen Mathias , Johansen Mette Y. , MacDonald Christopher S. , Hansen Katrine B. , Christensen Robin , Wedell‐Neergaard Anne‐Sophie , Pilmark Nanna Skytt , Langberg Henning , Vaag Allan A. , Pedersen Bente K. , Karstoft Kristian
Published: June 2019

Aim

To investigate whether an intensive lifestyle intervention induces partial or complete type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission.

Materials and methods

In a secondary analysis of a randomized, assessor‐blinded, single‐centre trial, people with non‐insulin‐dependent T2D (duration <10 years), were randomly assigned (2:1, stratified by sex, from April 2015 to August 2016) to a lifestyle intervention group (n = 64) or a standard care group (n = 34). The primary outcome was partial or complete T2D remission, defined as non‐diabetic glycaemia with no glucose‐lowering medication at the outcome assessments at both 12 and 24 months from baseline. All participants received standard care, with standardized, blinded, target‐driven medical therapy during the initial 12 months. The lifestyle intervention included 5‐ to 6‐weekly aerobic and combined aerobic and strength training sessions (30‐60 minutes) and individual dietary plans aiming for body mass index ≤25 kg/m2. No intervention was provided during the 12‐month follow‐up period.

Results

Of the 98 randomized participants, 93 completed follow‐up (mean [SD] age 54.6 [8.9] years; 46 women [43%], mean [SD] baseline glycated haemoglobin 49.3 [9.3] mmol/mol). At follow‐up, 23% of participants (n = 14) in the intervention and 7% (n = 2) in the standard care group met the criteria for any T2D remission (odds ratio [OR] 4.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8‐21.4]; P = 0.08). Assuming participants lost to follow‐up (n = 5) had relapsed, the OR for T2D remission was 4.4 (95% CI 1.0–19.8; P = 0.048).

Conclusions

The statistically nonsignificant threefold increased remission rate of T2D in the lifestyle intervention group calls for further large‐scale studies to understand how to implement sustainable lifestyle interventions among people with T2D.
Cantharidin content in two Mediterranean species of blister beetles, Lydus trimaculatus and Mylabris variabilis (Coleoptera: Meloidae)
Authors: Gisondi Silvia , Gasperi Tecla , Roma Elia , Tomai Pierpaolo , Gentili Alessandra , Vignoli Leonardo , Bologna Marco A. , Mancini Emiliano
Published: June 2019

Cantharidin (CA), a toxic terpene produced by blister beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae), attracts the interest of many researchers for its renowned medical properties. The CA content in blister beetles has been mainly quantified in some Oriental species, due to their use in traditional Chinese medicine, or in few other species of toxicological importance. As CA quantification has been largely ignored in many other members of this family, we aimed at estimating CA content in natural populations of two of the most abundant species in central Italy, Mylabris variabilis and Lydus trimaculatus. Nearly 100 individuals for each species were collected in the field, identified and reared in fauna‐boxes until CA collection. Available protocols were optimized for CA extraction from both dried‐body tissues and exuded hemolymph collected from leg joints using capillary tubes. The CA content was quantified in a gas chromatography system coupled to a mass spectrometer using a calibration curve with diethyl‐ester of norcantharidin as the internal standard. We observed: (i) high variability in CA content among specimens, which was positively related to individual dry‐weight; and (ii) slightly larger (though non‐significant) amount of CA in males than in females for both species. Our data are consistent with the available published reports about CA content, transfer and distribution in blister beetles and suggest a conserved biological role of this terpene in Meloidae.
First data on the flight activity and distribution of the ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) on carob trees in Sicily
Authors: Gugliuzzo A. , Criscione G. , Siscaro G. , Russo A. , Tropea Garzia G.
Published: June 2019

The factors influencing the entry and the spread of the black twig borer, Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff), in the Mediterranean environment have not yet been characterized. Following its first report in Sicily (southern Italy) in 2016, and due to the high level of damage it causes on one of its host plants (Ceratonia siliqua L.), the flight activity of the pest was studied there. Monitoring was performed from spring 2017 to summer 2018 by exposing red cross‐shaped sticky traps combined with ethanol‐baited bottle traps. The three monitored sites were selected at different altitudes, representing the southern Mediterranean environment where the carob tree is widely present. The results showed that the pest populations are influenced by climatic factors. In particular, the first adults were caught when the maximum daily temperatures were stably higher than 20°C over several continuous days. Xylosandrus compactus occurred widely in the monitored territory and was continuously caught from spring to autumn. Furthermore, the traps used proved to be effective for intercepting the spring flight of the overwintering females. Moreover, the ability of the beetle to spread from a new infested area was also studied. It seems that the pest can spread more than 8 km from the last infested site of the previous flying season. It was not present above altitudes of 400 m in the conditions of the present study. This study represents the first step to better understand the behaviour of X. compactus in a newly colonized environment.
Nonhistone human chromatin protein PC4 is critical for genomic integrity and negatively regulates autophagy
Authors: Sikder Sweta , Kumari Sujata , Mustafi Pallabi , Ramdas Nisha , Padhi Swatishree , Saha Arka , Bhaduri Utsa , Banerjee Birendranath , Manjithaya Ravi , Kundu Tapas K.
Published: June 2019

Multifunctional human transcriptional positive co‐activator 4 (PC4) is a bona fide nonhistone component of the chromatin and plays a pivotal role in the process of chromatin compaction and functional genome organization. Knockdown of PC4 expression causes a drastic decompaction which leads to open conformation of the chromatin, and thereby altered nuclear architecture, defects in chromosome segregation and changed epigenetic landscape. Interestingly, these defects do not induce cellular death but result in enhanced cellular proliferation, possibly through enhanced autophagic activity. Moreover, PC4 depletion confers significant resistance to gamma irradiation. Exposure to gamma irradiation further induced autophagy in these cells. Inhibition of autophagy by small molecule inhibitors as well as by silencing of a critical autophagy gene drastically reduces the ability of PC4 knockdown cells to survive. On the contrary, complementation with wild‐type PC4 could reverse this phenomenon, confirming the process of autophagy as the key mechanism for radiation resistance in the absence of PC4. These data connect the unexplored role of chromatin architecture in regulating autophagy during stress conditions such as radiation.
Assessing the impacts of the introduced channel catfishIctalurus punctatususing the comparative functional response approach
Authors: Faria Larissa , Alexander Mhairi E. , Vitule Jean R. S.
Published: June 2019

In the metric “Relative Impact Potential” (RIP), the functional response (FR) of a non‐native species can be compared with that of a native analogue and combined with the species abundance to predict its environmental impact. Here, using the River Guaraguaçu (Brazil) as a case study, this methodology was implemented to identify the impacts of the non‐native channel catfishIctalurus punctatus(Rafinesque) compared with a native speciesRhamdia quelen(Quoy & Gaimard) towards small prey fish. Both species exhibited TypeII FRs, but handling times were lower forI. punctatus, resulting in a greater maximum feeding rate in this species. Consequently, anRIP > 1 was found, indicating thatI. punctatusrepresents a superior impact to prey compared with its native analogue. These results demonstrate thatI. punctatusis a potential threat to small endangered fish species; therefore, policies to avoid escapes from aquaculture should be created and the abundance ofI. punctatuscontrolled.
In vitro apatite formation of calcium phosphate composite synthesized from fish bone
Authors: Asadollahzadeh Morteza , Rabiee Sayed Mahmood , Salimi‐Kenari Hamed
Published: June 2019

Calcium phosphate‐based composite (CPC) is the main biomaterial substitute used for bone repair. Properties affecting bioactivity of this composite vary depending on the types of calcium phosphate crystalline phases. Hence, in this study, bioactivity behavior of novel CPC cement by the incorporation of calcium phosphate (CP), which was obtained from fish bones, dicalcium phosphate dehydrate, and chitosan solution, was monitored in simulated body fluid (SBF). In advance, the microstructure of CP produced by heat treatment (annealing) of fish bone was evaluated at two different temperatures 600 and 900°C. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that there was no secondary phase formation aside from natural hydroxyapatite (HA) in bones annealed; and the annealing process enhanced the crystallinity of CP phase in the bone matrix particularly when annealed at 900°C. After incubation of CPC cement in SBF, bone bonding ability and producing of biomimetic HA coat on the CPC cement surface were confirmed using XRD, fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The analysis results show that needle‐like and cauliflower apatite layer with the crystallite size about 100 nm was grown on the surface of CPC cement after 28 days incubation in SBF. Regardless of above findings, we conclude that varying the annealing temperature has tremendous effect on the production of natural HA from fish bone with required properties and the ultimate morphology of obtained CPC cements after soaking is directly depended on the degree of crystallinity of the prepared natural HA.
Apatite‐forming ability, cytocompatibility, and mechanical properties enhancement of poly methyl methacrylate‐based bone cements by incorporating of baghdadite nanoparticles
Authors: Pahlevanzadeh Farnoosh , Bakhsheshi‐Rad Hamid Reza , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Aziz Madzlan
Published: June 2019

Bone cement synthesis through combination of polymers and bioceramics leads to the enhancement of mechanical and biological performances required for osteogenic properties and apatite‐formation ability with the aim of new bone growth. The purpose of the present study is to characterize a novel poly methyl methacrylate–poly caprolactone (PCL) bone cement containing baghdadite (BAGH) for orthopedic applications. Considerable enhancement in the mechanical properties was found in the cement containing BAGH compared to the cement without BAGH. Noticeably, favorable bioactivity was found in the bone cement containing BAGH, while the cement without BAGH presented poor bioactivity. The MTT assay illustrated that the MG63 osteoblasts' viability was noticeably improved by incorporation of BAGH into the cement. In addition, higher cell attachment and spreading were observed in the cement containing BAGH compared to the cement without BAGH. Hence, the synergistic effects of the cement containing BAGH including high mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and desirable cytocompatibility make it an attractive candidate for filling bone defects in orthopedic surgeries.
The effect of influencer marketing of food and a “protective” advertising disclosure on children's food intake
Authors: Coates Anna Elizabeth , Hardman Charlotte Alice , Halford Jason Christian Grovenor , Christiansen Paul , Boyland Emma Jane
Published: June 2019

Background

Children are active on social media and consequently are exposed to new and subtle forms of food marketing.

Objectives

To examine whether exposure to a YouTube video featuring influencer marketing of an unhealthy snack affects children's ad libitum snack intake and whether inclusion of an advertising disclosure moderates this effect.

Methods

In a randomized between‐subjects design, 151 children (aged 9‐11 y; mean, 10.32 y ± 0.6) were exposed to influencer marketing of a non‐food product (n = 51), or an unhealthy snack with (n = 50) or without (n = 50) an advertising disclosure. Participants' ad libitum intake of the marketed snack and an alternative brand of the same snack was measured.

Results

Children exposed to food marketing with (P < .001, d = 1.40) and without (P < .001, d = 1.07) a disclosure consumed more (kcals) of the marketed snack relative to the alternative; the control did not differ (.186, d = 0.45). Consumption of the alterative brand did not differ across conditions (.287, ηp2 = .02). Children who viewed food marketing with a disclosure (and not those without) consumed 41% more of the marketed snack (.004, ηp2 = .06), compared with control.

Conclusions

Influencer marketing increases children's immediate intake of the promoted snack relative to an alternative brand. Advertising disclosures may enhance the effect.
Impact of the e-prescribing system on the incidence and nature of drug-related problems in children in a Saudi hospital
Authors: AlAzmi Aeshah A , AlHamdan Hani , Ahmed Omaima , Tomlin Stephen , Rashed Asia N
Published: June 2019

Objectives

To determine the impact of a computerised physician order entry (CPOE) system on the drug-related problems’ (DRPs) incidence and characteristics in hospitalised children in a Saudi hospital, and to compare DRPs incidence pre-/post-CPOE implementation.

Methods

An observational study. DRPs were identified by pharmacists, reviewing children's (0-14 years) medical records on CPOE system, in paediatric wards and/or attending emergency department. DRPs preventability and severity were assessed.

Results

A total of 657 paediatric patients were included, with 235 (35.8%) experienced 328 DRPs, majority were preventable (99.7%, 327). Difference in DRP incidence pre- and post-CPOE implementation (44.8% versus 35.8%, P < 0.01) was significant.

Conclusion

The CPOE system has significantly reduced DRPs incidence in children in the study hospital.
In‐situ synthesis of NaP zeolite doped with transition metals using fly ash
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Kang Wei , Han Hongjing , Wang Haiying , Chen Yanguang , Gong Xuzhong , Zhai Changxiu , Song Hua
Published: June 2019

Here, a novel approach has been proposed to synthesize NaP zeolite adsorbents doped with transition metals (M‐NaP) using the Na2SiO3 and NaAlO2 compounds extracted from fly ash via activation and stage treatment. The preparation process of M‐NaP employed the in‐situ synthesis in combination with organic complexation method. The effects of the addition amounts and valence state of transition metals on the zeolite products were investigated. The crystalline phase, morphology, and particle size of M‐NaP were characterized using X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Laser particle size analyzer (PSD). The doping process was investigated using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Materials Studio. The adsorption performance of M‐NaP was tested by the adsorption of Zn2+. The optimal molar ratio of n(Al2O3)/n(M) was identified as 8:1 for Co–NaP, Ni–NaP, and Fe–NaP, compared with 6:1 for Ti–NaP. The influence of transition metals on adsorption was: Co–NaP > Ni–NaP > Ti–NaP > Fe‐NaP. Due to largest surface area of Co–NaP (162.5 m2/g, five times than that of NaP‐RAW), the maximum removal rate of Zn2+ was above 99.50% at 25°C. The existence state of transition metals in M‐NaP primarily included: isomorphous substitution and balance of the skeletal charge, with the latter in majority. The simulation of Materials Studio indicates that Si at T4 was first substituted and then, Si at T3 opposite T4 was replaced when the replacement of Si in different sites occurred.
Pride and anxiety in online learning environments: Achievement emotions as mediators between learners' characteristics and learning outcomes
Authors: Heckel Christian , Ringeisen Tobias
Published: June 2019

The current study validated the proposed structure of relationships among outcome‐related achievement emotions (pride and anxiety), their cognitive predictors (appraisals und online‐learning‐related self‐efficacy), and learning outcomes (competence gain and satisfaction) in the context of online learning in higher education. On the basis of a sample of 220 university students, we applied structural equation modeling. We found that high self‐efficacy was related to greater perceived control, which was positively associated with interest in online learning. Self‐efficacy showed positive relations with pride and negative relations with anxiety. Interest was positively associated with pride, competence gain, and satisfaction. Both outcomes also showed direct positive relations with pride, whereas anxiety was negatively associated with satisfaction only. Furthermore, three substantial indirect effects of self‐efficacy on the two outcomes were revealed. The findings supported the role of anxiety and pride as mediators between cognitions and learning outcomes although also direct relationships between interest and learning outcomes were observed.
The effectiveness of aerobic exercise for hypertensive population: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cao Liujiao , Li Xiuxia , Yan Peijing , Wang Xiaoqin , Li Meixuan , Li Rui , Shi Xiue , Liu Xingrong , Yang Kehu
Published: June 2019

The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different durations of aerobic exercise on hypertensive patients. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) were searched from their inception until July 2018. English publications and randomized controlled trials involving aerobic exercise treatment for hypertensive population were included. Two reviewers independently extracted the data. The Cochrane's Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the quality of included studies. In this systematic review, a total of 14 articles were included, involving 860 participants. The quality of the included studies ranged from moderate to high. The results of the meta‐analysis showed that compared with the control group, significant effects of aerobic exercise were observed on reducing systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mean difference [MD] = −12.26 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −15.17 to −9.34, P < 0.05), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; MD = −6.12 mm Hg, 95% CI = −7.76 to −4.48, P < 0.05), and heart rate (MD = −4.96 bpm, 95% CI = −6.46 to −3.43, P < 0.05). In addition, significant reductions were observed in ambulatory DBP (MD = −4.90 mm Hg, 95% CI = −8.55 to −1.25, P < 0.05) and ambulatory SBP (MD = −8.77mm Hg, 95% CI = −13.97 to −3.57, P < 0.05). Therefore, aerobic exercise might be an effective treatment for blood pressure improvement in hypertensive patients. However, the effectiveness between the duration of different treatment needs to be well‐designed and rigorous studies will be required to verify the dataset.
Awareness of Beers Criteria and knowledge of potentially inappropriate medications among community pharmacists in the Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Foong Ryan T.K. , Sellappans Renukha , Loo Jason S.E.
Published: June 2019

Background

Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in older adults are detrimental to both clinical outcomes and health care costs, with their prominence set to increase in tandem with a fast‐growing ageing population. Beers Criteria is one of the most commonly used guidelines that lists specific PIMs. Community pharmacists would therefore benefit from knowledge of Beers Criteria in detecting PIMs in primary care. This study therefore investigates the awareness of Beers Criteria and knowledge of PIMs among community pharmacists in the Klang Valley, Malaysia.

Methods

The study was conducted using a self‐administered questionnaire. Knowledge of PIMs was assessed using 10 clinical vignettes based on the 2015 Beers Criteria. Practice behaviour towards older customers was assessed using 10 items with a 5‐point Likert scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data.

Results

A total of 277 community pharmacists participated in the study. Only 27.1% of the pharmacists were aware of Beers Criteria, and of these, only 37.3% were aware of the latest 2015 update. The respondents demonstrated moderate knowledge of PIMs with a mean total score of 5.46 ± 1.89 out of a maximum of 10. Pharmacists who were aware of Beers Criteria had significantly higher scores (6.31 vs 5.14, P < .001). Only a small proportion of pharmacists (17.0%) regularly used Beers Criteria in practice. However, most pharmacists reported good practices when dealing with older customers in terms of asking relevant questions, considering age, referring to other resources, and regularly updating their knowledge through continuous professional development.

Conclusion

Awareness of Beers Criteria remains low among community pharmacists in Malaysia. Pharmacists who are aware of Beers Criteria have improved knowledge regarding PIMs in the older adults. There is a need to increase the awareness and use of Beers Criteria among community pharmacists.
Comparison of a novel wound dressing vs current clinical practice after laser resurfacing
Authors: Yeh Lindsey C. , Gonzalez Noelani , Goldberg David J.
Published: June 2019

Background

There are many postprocedure skin care options, but no consensus on the best formulation to optimize healing. Silicone gels have only been used to treat keloids and hypertrophic scars and typically applied after the wound has healed. This study compared the healing response after fractional ablative erbium laser resurfacing with a petrolatum‐based ointment and a silicone gel.

Methods

A randomized, open‐label, split‐face study was performed. Ten subjects underwent Erbium:YAG (Sciton) fractional laser resurfacing. Patients were randomized to apply a petrolatum‐based gel or a silicone gel (Stratacel®; Stratpharma) on either the right or left side of the face. Subjects applied the products twice a day for 7 days and were evaluated in person 7, 30, and 60 days postprocedure. Subjects reported on the overall general aesthetic outcome, perceived pain, itch, and tightness via questionnaires using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale and the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale (WSRS).

Results

All subjects healed without complications. By day 60, there was no difference in signs and symptoms of healing between the two different dressing approaches. However, patients treated with the silicone gel had less post‐treatment erythema and hyperpigmentation.

Conclusions

A novel silicone gel resulted in reduced signs of erythema and hyperpigmentation postprocedure, without an increase in adverse events. Additionally, the silicone gel dries to form a thin, full contact film and can be covered with sunscreen or cosmetics once dry. This new silicone gel presents a good option for postprocedure care after ablative fractional laser resurfacing.
Becoming a First‐Time Grandparent and Subjective Well‐Being: A Fixed Effects Approach
Authors: Sheppard Paula , Monden Christiaan
Published: June 2019

Objective: In this study, the authors examined how individuals are affected by the change in status to grandparenthood for the first time.

Background: Being a grandparent, especially an active and involved grandparent, is positively linked to the well‐being of individuals with grandchildren; however, little is known about how becoming a grandparent affects well‐being.

Method: Longitudinal data pooled from 15 countries in Europe (Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe;
http://www.share‐project.org) are used to analyze if becoming a grandparent is associated with three measures of subjective well‐being. The authors use fixed effects models to account for unobserved heterogeneity.

Results: Becoming a first‐time grandparent is associated with fewer depressive symptoms among women, although there is no evidence for an effect on subjective life expectancy or life satisfaction. For men, there is no evidence for an impact on any outcome tested, although there is an association with increased subjective life expectancy conditional on employment status only if men were employed when transitioning to grandparenthood. The results provide no evidence that actively looking after the grandchild is important for either gender.

Conclusion: These results suggest that, at least for women, it is the life transition itself that impacts on some aspects of well‐being rather than active grandchild care. More research is needed to verify these findings in other contexts and for longer periods of time.
Role of salivary transcriptomics as potential biomarkers in oral cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Patil Shankargouda , Arakeri Gururaj , Alamir Abdul Wahab H. , Awan Kamran Habib , Baeshen Hosam , Ferrari Marco , Patil Shekar , Fonseca Felipe Paiva , Brennan Peter A.
Published: June 2019

Introduction

Transcriptomes in saliva can be used as potential biomarkers for both diagnostic and response to treatment in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this review, we explored their application in this increasingly common disease.

Materials and methods

PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and grey literature from January 1990 to May 2017 were searched. Two independent reviewers performed the study selection according to eligibility criteria.

Results

A total of nine studies were included. Three studies showed increased expression of DUSP1, IL8, IL1B, OAZ1, SAT1, S100P and two showed increased expression of miRNA‐31 among study groups compared to normal healthy controls. The sensitivity ranged from 14% to 100%, while the specificity ranged from 38% to 100%. miRNA‐27b had the highest AUC (write in full) of 0.9643 and DUSP1 had the minimum AUC of 0.41.

Conclusion

Salivary transcriptomics may play an effective role as a robust and non‐invasive biomarker sighting tool for the diagnosis and management of OSCC.
Teen Dating Violence Perpetration: Protective Factor Trajectories from Middle to High School among Adolescents
Authors: Espelage Dorothy L. , Leemis Ruth W. , Niolon Phyllis Holditch , Kearns Megan , Basile Kathleen C. , Davis Jordan P.
Published: June 2019

Protecting adolescents from the risk of teen dating violence (TDV) perpetration is critical to enhancing prevention efforts. This study examined longitudinal trajectories of four protective factors (i.e., empathy, social support, parental monitoring, and school belonging) across adolescence in relation to four TDV types (i.e., verbal, relational, physical, and sexual). Adolescents (n = 1,668) who reported being in a relationship or dating during high school completed self‐report measures from middle through high school. Results indicated that all protective factors differentiated between TDV perpetrators and nonperpetrators, although these trajectories varied for boys and for girls and across the different types of TDV. Overall, youth who did not perpetrate TDV in high school generally displayed higher protective factors across the TDV perpetration types.
Planning, Development, and Implementation of a University‐Led, Low‐Cost Employee Wellness Program in a preK‐12th‐Grade Public School District
Authors: Lloyd Lisa K. , Schmidt Eric A. , Swearingen Carolyn C. , Cavanaugh Allison C.
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND

A healthy preK‐12th‐grade school environment is critical to student well‐being and success. As role models, school employees play a significant part in creating a healthy environment. Research suggests that employee wellness programs (EWPs) may help school employees adopt healthier lifestyles and, therefore, be healthier, more productive, and serve as healthy role models for students. This article describes the process by which a school district in central Texas partnered with a local university to plan, develop, and implement an affordable EWP.

METHODS

A university‐led leadership team sought input from employees, including administrators, and conducted a 4‐week trial. These resulted in an EWP that provided health risk appraisals, fitness testing, group exercise classes, education seminars, online wellness resources, and blood draws/analysis.

RESULTS

During the first 4 years, membership ranged from 107 to 384 (10–37%), and the annual cost of the program ranged from $49 to $116 per participating employee.

CONCLUSIONS

University‐led EWP programs can support, at a low cost, the health of school employees. Despite low employee engagement, need was demonstrated and feedback was positive. Challenges identified include time demands and lack of principals' support. Future considerations include targeting principals, utilizing the Human Resources Office, and strategically building a culture of health.
School‐Based Mental Health Promotion and Prevention Program “Turn 2 Us” Reduces Mental Health Risk Behaviors in Urban, Minority Youth
Authors: Raval Gauri , Montañez Evelyn , Meyer Dodi , Berger‐Jenkins Evelyn
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND

Turn 2 Us (T2U) is an elementary school‐based mental health promotion and prevention program in New York City. It targets fourth‐ and fifth‐grade students at risk for social/emotional and behavioral problems and provides a range of services to students, staff, and parents. The purpose of this study is to determine if T2U decreases internalizing and externalizing behaviors in participating students.

METHODS

Teachers measured students' symptoms before and after participation using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ). Change in the total SDQ score was analyzed using Wilcoxon rank‐sum nonparametric testing. We assessed the effects of covariates on the score change with linear regression models.

RESULTS

The 185 unique students who participated in the intervention showed a significant improvement in total SDQ score (Z = −4.107, p < .001). Students who were at higher risk prior to the intervention showed greatest improvement in behaviors. None of the covariates assessed affected the change in SDQ score. Regression models showed that higher initial SDQ scores predicted higher post‐intervention SDQ scores (β = 0.681, p < .001).

CONCLUSION

T2U significantly decreased internalizing and externalizing behaviors in participating students, with the greatest impact for highest risk students. This study helps validate T2U's unique and comprehensive approach.
‘Whatever decision you make it will be the right one’: A parent's reflection on difficult decision‐making in premature birth
Authors: O'Neill Jenny
Published: June 2019

In 2007, our daughter Lily was born prematurely. My husband and I were faced with a very difficult decision about the level of intervention for her, a decision that had to be made in an emergency situation under the pressure of time. As a paediatric nurse I had more knowledge about prematurity than most parents, and it was certainly enough to appreciate the fragility of babies born early, and their uncertain and often complicated path through neonatal intensive care. What I didn't fully appreciate was the key role of health professionals, not only in providing care, but in supporting difficult decision‐making. In the years since Lily's birth I've also reflected on the power of health professionals to shape, or reshape, the narrative of premature birth which is pivotal in the long‐term psychological trajectory of parents.
Relational Legal Consciousness of U.S. Citizenship: Privilege, Responsibility, Guilt, and Love in Latino Mixed-Status Families
Authors: Abrego Leisy J.
Published: June 2019

Based on interviews with 100 members of mixed-status families in Los Angeles, California, this article analyzes how U.S. citizen children practice and understand citizenship in the context of punitive laws targeting their loved ones. Participants' narratives of citizenship as privilege, responsibility, and guilt reveal that despite normative conceptions of citizenship as a universally equal status, citizenship intersects with key social markers to determine the contours and inequalities of substantive citizenship. Specifically, U.S. citizens in mixed-status families make sense of their juridical category when they navigate unrealistic aspirations from relatives, maintain silence about undocumented family members' legal status, manage their fear of family separation through deportation, and take on financial and logistical responsibilities prematurely to help relatives. In each of these ways, family proves to be a key site for the social and relational production of citizenship.
The impact of prematurity on postnatal growth of different renal compartments
Authors: Li Joan , Guandalini Michael , Mcinnes Helena , Kandasamy Yogavijayan , Trnka Peter , Moritz Karen
Published: June 2019

Aim

In humans, nephrogenesis ceases before birth, but the renal medulla compartment continues to develop after birth. We aim to evaluate the relative growth of different renal compartments in preterm babies compared with age‐matched term babies, and explore the impact of premature birth on postnatal renal maturation, remodelling and possible long‐term implications.

Methods

This retrospective study compared the renal ultrasonographic images between preterm babies and term infants. Ultrasound images were obtained at 32 weeks (preterm), 37 weeks and at 6 months of age. Kidney volume, length, renal cortex and medulla thickness were measured and compared between preterm and term babies.

Results

Preterm babies were lighter in body weight and shorter for crown‐heel length at age‐matched 37 weeks. All kidney growth parameters were also smaller compared with term babies. However, by 6 months of age kidney volume and length measurements were no longer significantly different between the two groups though preterm babies were still significantly lighter and shorter. The catch‐up of the overall kidney growth in preterm babies was mainly attributed to the hypertrophic growth of the renal cortex while the postnatal renal medulla growth was disrupted. This trend continued as the renal cortical thickness became significantly larger while the medulla became smaller in preterm babies at 6 months of age, compared with age‐matched term baby.

Conclusions

In preterm babies, the renal cortical region undergoes accelerated growth after birth while the renal medulla growth lags behind. Further investigations will be necessary to determine whether this has a negative impact on renal function later in life.
Redox interference in nitrogen status via oxidative stress is mediated by 2‐oxoglutarate in cyanobacteria
Authors: Robles‐Rengel Rocío , Florencio Francisco J. , Muro‐Pastor M. Isabel
Published: June 2019

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated naturally in photosynthetic organisms by respiration and photosynthesis. Therefore, detoxification of these compounds, avoiding oxidative stress, is essential for proper cell function. In cyanobacteria, some observations point to a crosstalk between ROS homeostasis, in particular hydrogen peroxide, and nitrogen metabolism by a mechanism independent of known redox regulators.

Using glutamine synthetase (GS), a finely regulated enzyme essential for nitrogen assimilation, as a tool, we were able to monitor nitrogen metabolism in relation to oxidative stress.

We show that hydrogen peroxide clearly alters the expression of different genes related to nitrogen metabolism, both in the wild‐type strain of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and in a mutant strain lacking the catalase‐peroxidase encoded by the katG gene and therefore highly sensitive to oxidative stress. As cyanobacteria perceive nitrogen status by sensing intracellular 2‐oxoglutarate (2‐OG) concentrations, the hydrogen peroxide effect was analysed under different nitrogen conditions in the wild‐type, the ∆katG strain and in a strain able to transport 2‐OG.

The results obtained demonstrate that hydrogen peroxide interferes with signalling of cellular carbon : nitrogen status by decreasing the intracellular concentrations of 2‐OG and hence altering the function of the 2‐OG‐sensing global nitrogen regulator NtcA.
Serum level of nerve growth factor is a potential biomarker of conversion to bipolar disorder in women with major depressive disorder
Authors: Pedrotti Moreira Fernanda , Cardoso Taiane C. , Mondin Thaíse C. , Wiener Carolina D. , de Mattos Souza Luciano D. , Oses Jean P. , Jansen Karen , da Silva Ricardo A.
Published: June 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and conversion from MDD to bipolar disorder (BD) in an outpatient sample of women.

Methods

This was a longitudinal study including women diagnosed with MDD and aged 18 to 60 years. The follow‐up was 3 years. The diagnosis was performed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus. Blood collection was just performed in the first phase. Serum interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor, and nerve growth factor (NGF) levels were measured using a commercial immunoassay kit.

Results

We included 156 women. The conversion rate from MDD to BD was 15.4% (n = 24). NGF serum levels were increased in patients who converted to BD compared to the remitted MDD group and current MDD group (P = 0.013). The Bonferroni post‐hoc test for multiple comparisons revealed significant differences for higher NGF levels in patients who converted to BD compared to patients with current MDD (P = 0.037). Interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, and glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor serum levels did not differ among the groups.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that NGF might be a useful biomarker associated with early detection of conversion to BD, helping clinicians in the clinical diagnosis.
Relationship context and personality shape people's preferences for network relationship partners
Authors: Porter Caitlin M. , Rigby James R.
Published: June 2019

This study investigates how people weight potential relationship partners' personal characteristics (i.e., warmth and competence) when deciding to initiate professional versus personal network relationships, and it also examines how certain personality traits (extraversion and conscientiousness) shape this process. Results from two samples indicate that people tend to value competence more highly when initiating professional relationships, whereas they tend to value warmth more highly when initiating personal relationships. Furthermore, neither extraversion nor conscientiousness was related to how people weighted competence when initiating professional relationships. However, supplementary analyses demonstrated that people high in conscientiousness tend to value competence and people high in agreeableness tend to value warmth in their network relationship partners, regardless of whether they are initiating a professional or personal relationship.
Physical activity and aerobic fitness in children after liver transplantation
Authors: Bos G. J. F. Joyce , Lelieveld Otto T.H.M. , Scheenstra Rene , Sauer Pieter J. J. , Geertzen Jan H. B. , Dijkstra Pieter U.
Published: June 2019

To determine physical activity (PA), aerobic fitness, muscle strength, health‐related quality of life (HRQOL), fatigue, and participation in children after liver transplantation. Children, 6‐12 years, at least one year after liver transplantation, participated in this cross‐sectional study. Measurements: Time spent in moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was measured using an accelerometer, and aerobic fitness (VO2 peak) was measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Muscle strength was measured by hand‐held dynamometry. Fatigue was measured using the multidimensional fatigue scale, and HRQOL with the Pediatric Quality of life Core scales and leisure activities was measured using the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment. Outcomes (medians and interquartile range (IQR)) were compared to norm values. Twenty‐six children participated in this study (14 boys, age 9.7 years, IQR 7.7;11.4). Children spent 0.8 hours/d (IQR 0.6;1.1) on MVPA. One child met the recommendation of at least 1 hour of MVPA every day of the week. Aerobic fitness was similar to norms (VO2 peak 1.4 L/min, IQR 1.1;1.7, Z‐score −0.3). Z‐scores of muscle strength ranged between −1.4 and −0.4 and HRQOL and fatigue between −2.3 and −0.4. Participation was similar to published norms (Z‐scores between −0.6 and 0.6). Young children after liver transplantation have similar MVPA patterns and aerobic fitness compared to published norms. Despite lower HRQOL, more fatigue, and less muscle strength, these children have similar participation in daily activities. Although children do well, it remains important to stimulate PA in children after liver transplantation in the context of long‐term management.
A survey of the anesthetic management of pediatric kidney transplantation in France
Authors: Marsac Lucile , Michelet Daphné , Sola Chrystelle , Didier‐Vidal Anne , Combet Sylvie , Blanc Frederic , Orliaguet Gilles , Aubineau Jean‐Vincent , Julien‐Marsollier Florence , Brasher Christopher , Dahmani Souhayl
Published: June 2019

Background

Renal transplantation is the best available therapeutic option for end‐stage renal failure in both children and adults. However, little is known about anesthetic practice during pediatric renal transplantation.

Material and Methods

The study consisted of a national survey about anesthetic practice during pediatric renal transplantation in France. French tertiary pediatric centers performing renal transplants were targeted, and one physician from each team was asked to complete the survey. The survey included patient data, preoperative assessment and optimization data, and intraoperative anesthesia data (drugs, ventilation, and hemodynamic interventions).

Results

Twenty centers performing kidney transplantation were identified and contacted to complete the survey, and eight responded. Surveyed centers performed 96 of the 122 pediatric kidney transplantations performed in France in 2017 (79%). Centers consistently performed echocardiography and ultrasound examinations of the great veins preoperatively and consistently employed esophageal Doppler cardiac output estimation and vasopressors intraoperatively. All other practices were found to be heterogeneous. Central venous pressure was monitored in six centers, and dopamine was administered perioperatively in two centers.

Conclusions

The current study provides a snapshot of the perioperative management of pediatric kidney transplantation in France. Results emphasize the need for both standardization of practice and awareness of recent evidence against the use of CVP monitoring and dopamine infusions.
Donor‐specific antibodies in a pediatric kidney transplant population—Prevalence and association with antiproliferative drug dosing
Authors: Strommen Amanda M. , Moss Mary C. , Goebel Jens , Bock Margret
Published: June 2019

Prevalence and implications of anti‐HLA class I and class II antibodies are beginning to be better characterized in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. dnDSA formation is predictive of AMR and downstream diminished graft function and survival. However, risk factors for the development of dnDSA are not well defined in this patient population. After introducing DSA surveillance into our pediatric kidney transplant program, we are reporting the prevalence of class I and class II DSA in 67 otherwise stable recipients. Secondary end‐points included risk factors for DSA development and assessment of graft function. Significantly, lower median daily MMF doses were observed in patients with DSAs compared to patients without DSAs (371 vs 617 mg/m2/d, respectively; P = 0.035). Class II DSA formation was more common, with a prevalence of 17.9%, as compared to 10.4% for class I DSA. Estimated glomerular filtration rate was also decreased in patients with positive DSA vs those with negative titers (71, SD 25 vs 78, SD 29 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively; P = 0.034). We conclude that reduced‐dose MMF is associated with dnDSA and DSA is associated with diminished graft function in stable pediatric kidney transplant recipients.