bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetohydrodynamic Shocks Revisited: Magnetically Constraining the Upstream Solar Wind Condition
Authors: Schmid Daniel , Narita Yasuhito
Published: September 2023

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) shocks are commonly found in various space and astrophysical systems. One often encounters the problem that only the magnetic field data are available when studying interplanetary shocks and planetary bow shocks in the solar system, and not the plasma data due to instrumental and/or telemetry limitations. We aim to reveal the mathematical structure of the MHD Rankine–Hugoniot relation under the condition that magnetic field changes across the shock are known, which can be devised into a diagnosis tool to constrain the shock parameters. The perturbative solution is already known for the Rankine–Hugoniot equation. The solution is combined with the condition of the de Hoffmann–Teller frame for the vanishing convective electric field, and we obtain a two-dimensional matrix equation for the density jump and the Alfvén Mach number. The lesson is that the shock parameters (density jump and Alfvén Mach number) are analytically obtained by inverting the MHD Rankine–Hugoniot equation under the condition that the plasma beta is either a priori set or known. Further numerical studies indicate that the presented shock jump estimation works particularly well for quasi-perpendicular shocks. Moreover, a test case with the Earth bow shock crossing data supports our theoretical development. The presented method opens the door to determining or constraining the shock parameters even if the data are limited to the magnetic field only.
Chapitre 2. La loi de bioéthique : un enjeu de démocratie sanitaire
Authors: Delfraissy Jean-François , Duée Pierre-Henri
Published: September 2023

La loi de bioéthique définit le cadre juridique devant gouverner les pratiques médicales et de recherche dont l’objet est le corps humain et l’embryon. Toute innovation scientifique ou technologique justifie-t-elle une modification de la loi ? Pour répondre à cette question, une réflexion préalable s’avère nécessaire afin de définir de nouveaux équilibres qui respectent les principes éthiques, la promotion de la solidarité dans le respect de l’autonomie de chacun. Le CCNE est chargé d’organiser le débat public, sous forme d’états généraux de la bioéthique, en s’appuyant sur les espaces de réflexion éthique régionaux. Cette large expérience s’est déroulée de janvier à juin 2018 et donna de nombreux enseignements, notamment l’expression forte d’un besoin d’information et d’une vision critique de la notion de progrès médical. Puis, l’instruction parlementaire et les auditions qui l’accompagnent, apporta, du 24 juillet 2019 au 2 août 2021, des évolutions du projet initial de la loi. Ainsi, la révision périodique de la loi de bioéthique se nourrit désormais d’une participation citoyenne à la construction des arbitrages législatifs, déclinant le concept de «  social participation  » à la française.
État du droit luxembourgeois et évolution en matière de cannabis purement récréatif et « well being »
Authors: Leonelli Claire
Published: September 2023

De l’addiction au bien-être . Le cannabis couvre deux réalités scientifiques à travers les molécules qui le composent : le THC qui a un effet psychotrope et le CBD qui a une simple vertu relaxante. Si la vente et la consommation de cannabis à des fins récréatives demeurent interdites au Luxembourg, le gouvernement a récemment laissé entendre qu’il entendait œuvrer vers des possibilités d’ouverture et d’assouplissements légaux ( 1 ). De l’autre côté, le marché des produits à base de cannabis est en plein essor dans les secteur cosmétique et alimentaire notamment. Ce n’est pas sans certaines contraintes légales et incertitudes juridiques ( 2 ).
CJUE, Arrêt Coty c/ Amazon , 2 avril 2020, C-567/18
Authors: Piédoie Chloé , Vauban Lucie , Basire Yann
Published: September 2023

Par une décision du 2 avril 2020, la Cour de Justice a statué, sur question préjudicielle posée par la Cour fédérale allemande, en faveur d’Amazon dans le litige l’opposant à la société allemande Coty. A rebours de la position de l’Avocat Général, la Cour considère que l’article 9 2) b du Règlement 207/2007 doit être interprété en ce sens qu’ « une personne qui entrepose pour un tiers des produits portant atteinte à un droit de marque sans avoir connaissance de cette atteinte doit être considérée comme ne détenant pas ces produits aux fins de leur offre ou de leur mise dans le commerce au sens de ces dispositions si cette personne ne poursuit pas elle-même ces finalités »
« Usage dans la vie des affaires » : précisions sur la délimitation d’une notion à géometrie variable
Authors: Bergazov Marie-Sophie , Basire Yann
Published: September 2023

La notion d’usage dans la vie des affaires est nécessaire à la qualification de contrefaçon de marques. Toutefois, non défini par les textes, il est revenu à la jurisprudence de façonner ce vocable. La Cour de justice de l’Union européenne admet désormais qu’une personne n’ayant pas une activité commerciale à titre professionnel et qui réceptionne, met en libre pratique dans un Etat membre des produits manifestement non destinés à l’usage privé sur lesquels sont apposés une marque sans le consentement de son titulaire, opère un usage dans la vie des affaires.
Les actifs numériques à fonction monétaire confrontés aux qualifications juridiques
Authors: Barrière François
Published: September 2023

Depuis un certain temps déjà, les actifs numériques prennent une place certaine dans l’économie. Bien meuble incorporel, la crypto-monnaie s’avère être fongible et consomptible, ce qui a des incidences en termes de régime juridique (nécessité d’une individualisation pour réaliser un transfert de propriété ou application du prêt à la consommation en cas de prêt). Le régime juridique des actifs numériques se précisant, cela devrait être de nature à favoriser leur essor, y compris sous forme de «  stablecoins  », et continuer à les rapprocher du concept de monnaie traditionnelle.
Perte de données : que dit la jurisprudence française récente ?
Authors: Goupil Caroline , Lefebvre Claire , Pons Aurelia
Published: September 2023

La récente et forte pénétration des services cloud dans les organisations participe au développement du contentieux relatif à la perte des données et invite à s’interroger à cet égard sur l’appréhension par les juridictions françaises de la question du partage du risque entre un client et son prestataire. Le présent article s’attache à l’analyse de la qualification des manquements contractuels du prestataire et des préjudices du client indemnisables dès lors qu’un manquement est caractérisé. Les conclusions de l’analyse permettent de formuler quelques recommandations pratiques tant côté client que côté prestataire : prévoir expressément les contours et les conditions de la mission du prestataire, négocier une clause limitative de responsabilité adaptée, constituer un dossier probatoire détaillé et collaborer pour minimiser les conséquences d’une perte des données.
A short introduction to plant variety protection in the European union and the role of the community plant variety office
Authors: Ekvad Martin
Published: September 2023

Le certificat d’obtention végétale (COV) est un titre de protection de la propriété intellectuelle qui est peu visible et qui a tendance à être méconnu du grand public. Cependant, pour les producteurs et sélectionneurs de plantes, ces titres de protection sont très importants car ils servent à sécuriser les retours sur investissements dans l’innovation végétale. Le but de cet article est d’offrir au lecteur qui n’est pas familiarisé avec le système de protection des obtentions végétales un premier aperçu, sans entrer dans le dédale juridique qui caractérise souvent le droit de la propriété intellectuelle.
Checklist for the appointment of an eu representative
Authors: Murphy Jane , Mommaerts Diego , Geurts Romane
Published: September 2023

À quoi penser lorsque l’on nomme son représentant pour la protection des données ? Quels critères sont déterminants dans le choix ? Nous avons rassemblé pour vous dans notre check-list tous les critères phares qui démontrent que vous avez affaire à un représentant sérieux, minutieux, transparent et de confiance. Retrouvez également dans notre article en p. 5, pour la nomination de votre représentant.
Nouveau cadre juridique québécois en matière de protection des renseignements personnels dans le secteur privé
Authors: Gagnon Mélanie , M. Niang Elhadji
Published: September 2023

En 2021, le gouvernement du Québec a modifié considérablement la législation relative à la protection des renseignements personnels. En effet, il a adopté, en septembre 2021, la loi modernisant certaines dispositions en matière de protection des renseignements personnels. Il a par ailleurs adopté en juin 2022 le Règlement sur la gestion des incidents de confidentialité. Nous verrons dans cet article quelles sont les principales dispositions modificatives dont les dates d’entrée en vigueur s’échelonnent sur 3 ans, soit en septembre 2022, 2023 et 2024, ainsi qu’un tableau comparatif entre la gestion des incidents de confidentialité selon la loi du Québec et la gestion des violations de données selon le RGPD.
18 mois plus tard : les conséquences du Brexit sur la pratique du Tribunal de l’Union européenne en droit des marques
Authors: Katchourine Alexandra , Pené Gwendal , Basire Yann
Published: September 2023

Le 31 janvier 2020, le Royaume-Uni est officiellement sorti de l’Union européenne. Au-delà des considérations politiques et économiques qui l’entourent, le Brexit s’est apparenté à un véritable séisme juridique pour l’ensemble des matières « européanisées », au premier rang desquelles figurent, bien évidemment, la propriété intellectuelle et, plus particulièrement, le droit des marques 1 . Toutefois, avant d’évoquer les conséquences du Brexit sur le droit des marques, quelques rappels s’imposent.
Interview réalisée par Camille Saettel et Erwin Sotiri pour le compte du comité de rédaction de Pin Code
Authors: Nickts Marc
Published: September 2023

Sensibilisé à la cause des artistes à travers son propre parcours musical et revendiquant son appartenance à l’univers des musiques alternatives des années 1990, Monsieur Marc NICKTS oeuvre pour la défense des intérêts des artistes et la promotion de la diversité culturelle, en tant que gérant de la SACEM Luxembourg.
Studying the EU and its Pioneers
Authors: Guerra Simona
Published: September 2023

La façon dont nous étudions et voyons l’Union européenne (UE) affecte notre interaction avec celle-ci. Des travaux récents sur les biographies de femmes qui ont joué un rôle central dans le processus d’intégration européenne ainsi que sur le genre et la politique de l’UE contribuent à l’intégration du genre dans les études européennes. Pourtant, les femmes restent encore largement absentes et marginalisées dans les récits des premières étapes de l’histoire et de la politique européennes. Cet article contribue à ce débat en suggérant l’établissement définitif d’un champ d’études sur les femmes et leur rôle de créatrices et façonneuses de l’intégration européenne.
Value of first eigenvalue of some minimal hypersurfaces embedded in the unit sphere
Authors: Aldayel Ibrahim
Published: September 2023

We prove that the first nonzero eigenvalue of the Laplace-Beltrami operator of equator-like minimal submanifold embedded in the sphere $ S^{n+1} $ is equal to $ n $. The proof uses the spectral properties of the heat kernel operator corresponding to the submanifold.
Comparison, validation and improvement of empirical soil moisture models for conditions in Colombia
Authors: Rincón Alejandro , Hoyos Fredy E. , Candelo-Becerra John E.
Published: September 2023

Modeling soil moisture as a function of meteorological data is necessary for agricultural applications, including irrigation scheduling. In this study, empirical water balance models and empirical compartment models are assessed for estimating soil moisture, for three locations in Colombia. The daily precipitation and average, maximum and minimum air temperatures are the input variables. In the water balance type models, the evapotranspiration term is based on the Hargreaves model, whereas the runoff and percolation terms are functions of precipitation and soil moisture. The models are calibrated using field data from each location. The main contributions compared to closely related studies are: i) the proposal of three models, formulated by combining an empirical water balance model with modifications in the precipitation, runoff, percolation and evapotranspiration terms, using functions recently proposed in the current literature and incorporating new modifications to these terms; ii) the assessment of the effect of model parameters on the fitting quality and determination of the parameters with higher effects; iii) the comparison of the proposed empirical models with recent empirical models from the literature in terms of the combination of fitting accuracy and number of parameters through the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and also the Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) coefficient and the root mean square error. The best models described soil moisture with an NS efficiency higher than 0.8. No single model achieved the highest performance for the three locations.
Media impact research: a discrete SIR epidemic model with threshold switching and nonlinear infection forces
Authors: Qin Wenjie , Zhang Jiamin , Dong Zhengjun
Published: September 2023

The media's coverage has the potential to impact human behavior and aid in the control of emergent infectious diseases. We aim to quantify and evaluate the extent to which media coverage can influence infectious disease control through a mathematical model, thus proposing a switching epidemic model that considers the effect of media coverage. The threshold strategy incorporates media influence only when the number of infected cases surpasses a specific threshold; otherwise, it is disregarded. When conducting qualitative analysis of two subsystems, focusing on the existence and stability of equilibria. Using numerical methods, the codimension-2 bifurcation analysis is adopted here to investigate the various types of equilibria within the switching system that play a vital role in pest control. On the other hand, codimension-1 bifurcation analysis reveals the existence of periodic, chaotic solutions, period-doubling bifurcations, multiple attractors and other complexities within the proposed model, which could pose challenges in disease control. Additionally, the impact of key parameters on epidemic outbreaks is analyzed, such as the initial values of susceptible and infective individuals, and discuss the potential benefits of mass media coverage in preventing emerging infectious diseases. The modeling and analytical techniques developed for threshold control strategies can be applied to other disease control efforts.
Characteristics of karst caves inferred from microtremor studies: A case study from Cerme Cave, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Yuliyanto Gatot , Muhammad Irham Nurwidyanto
Published: September 2023

A microtremor survey based on ground surface data acquisition was used to identify and characterize the karst area of Cerme Cave, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from the entrance to the exit of the cave. The entrance and exit of the cave are used as tie-in points because the characteristics of the two locations can be directly observed. Parameters used in this study include ground vibration amplification, shear wave velocity, and Poisson’s ratio. The presence of cavities can be characterized by a relatively strong contrast between these physical parameters and their surroundings. The exit of the cave, which can be considered as a sinkhole, has a dominant frequency of 3.2 to 4.6 Hz, which is relatively higher than that of the surrounding area. At the entrance of Cerme Cave, which has a large cavity, a small ground vibration amplification was detected, less than 0.1. The entrance and exit of the cave also exhibit a low shear wave propagation velocity of less than 350 m/s. The presence of a subsurface fluvial channel in Cerme Cave can be characterized by a high Poisson’s ratio of 0.4–0.5, a gain value of less than 0.1, and a shear wave velocity of less than 350 m/s.
Andrej Kranjc (1943-2023)
Authors: Gabrovšek Franci , Ravbar Nataša
Published: September 2023

Andrej Kranjc
Evolutionary Optimization Algorithm for Classification of Microarray Datasets with Mayfly and Whale Survival
Authors: Ramakrishna Peddarapu , Rajarajeswari Pothuraju
Published: September 2023

In the field of bioinformatics, a vast amount of biological data has been generated thanks to the digitalization of high-throughput devices at a reduced cost. Managing such large datasets has become a challenging task for identifying disease-causing genes. Microarray technology enables the simultaneous monitoring of gene expression levels, thereby improving disease diagnosis accuracy for conditions like diabetes, hepatitis, and cancer. As these complex datasets become more accessible, innovative data analytics approaches are necessary to extract meaningful knowledge. Machine learning and data mining techniques can be employed to leverage big and heterogeneous data sources, facilitating biomedical research and healthcare delivery. Data mining has emerged as a vital tool in the medical field, providing insights into illnesses and treatments and enhancing the efficiency of healthcare systems. This thesis aims to present a novel hybrid technique for feature selection using amalgamation wrappers. The proposed approach combines the Mayfly and whale survival strategies, leveraging the strengths of both algorithms. The model was evaluated using various datasets and assessment criteria, including precision, accuracy, recall, F1-score, and specificity. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed integrated optimization model exhibits improved classification performance with 12% higher accuracy in disease diagnosis.
The Neurodevelopment of the Brain
Authors: Bills Marcus Karltonian
Published: September 2023

The pleasure pathway is a form of the limbic part of the brain that is responsible for behaviors. The brain is a very interesting phenomenon. It is comprised of various parts that consist of neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, just to name a few). Serotonin's chemical function is to carry messages between nerve cells in the brain and throughout your body. Serotonin plays a key role in such body functions as mood, sleep, digestion, nausea, wound healing, bone health, blood clotting, and sexual desire; in essence, sending signals of the state of well-being. The dopamine neurotransmitter sends signals of pleasure or euphoria to the nerves cells that your body makes. Norepinephrine sends chemicals of adrenaline; it is also known as the fight or flight neurotransmitter. It increases the breathing rate, relaxes the intestinal muscles, increases the heart rate, and increases the blood sugar levels. As a neurotransmitter in your brain and spinal cord, it increases alertness, arousal, and attention for the individual to protect themselves from harm.
Sustainable Supply Chain Management
Authors: Muchenje Chenjerai , Ruzive Benson , Mugoni Ernest , Katsvairo Hamilton , Tapera Musekiwa Cliton
Published: September 2023

This chapter explores the emerging issues in sustainable supply chain management and aims to understand its impact on reducing the environmental footprint of production and distribution processes. The methodology employed includes a critical review of academic journals and other articles, with content analysis as the analytical approach. The findings highlight reducing waste and emissions through more efficient production processes, optimizing transportation routes, and utilizing cleaner energy sources significantly to reducing the environmental impact. The study concludes that sustainable supply chain management necessitates a holistic approach that considers the environmental impact throughout the entire supply chain. In summary, this research emphasizes the importance of sustainable supply chain management in achieving environmental sustainability and offers practical insights for businesses seeking to reduce their environmental footprint and foster a more sustainable future.
Sustainability Marketing in Emerging Markets
Authors: Katono Isaac Wasswa
Published: September 2023

In light of the importance of emerging markets in the world economy, this study seeks to illustrate how emerging market characteristics, country institutional profiles, and some elements of the task environment in these countries combine to influence sustainability marketing using examples from Uganda as a case in point. Based on a review of the literature on sustainability marketing in emerging markets and a range of theoretical approaches, the study demonstrates that regulatory, cognitive, and normative country profiles plvay a big role in breeding and promoting unsustainable marketing practices. The task environment consisting of infrastructure, education levels, product knowledge, and competition among others also plays a big role in this regard. Recommendations as to what should be done to promote sustainability marketing and suggestions for future research are provided.
Sustainable Marketing Communication via Social Media
Authors: Murtarelli Grazia , Šimunović Denis , Colleoni Elanor , Romenti Stefania
Published: September 2023

Social media has transformed the processes throughout corporations communicate their CSR activities, and therefore their overall sustainable marketing strategies. While challenges arise from losing control over communication, leveraging stakeholder engagement offers significant benefits. The research emphasizes that social media should be considered an integral and dialogic part of overall sustainable marketing strategy, providing companies with opportunities to enhance their sustainability initiatives effectively in the digital era. This chapter delves into the realm of sustainable marketing communication on corporate social media, with a focus on the dialogic approach employed by two major fast fashion brands, H&M and Primark. The research explores how these organizations manage online dialogues with their users in relation to sustainability and investigates the impact of different communication strategies on their perceived credibility among stakeholders. While challenges arise from losing control over communication, leveraging stakeholder engagement offers significant benefits.
Does Gamification Affect Customer Brand Engagement and Brand Value Co-Creation?
Authors: Baranidharan S. , Sharon Sophia J. , Mohan Chippy
Published: September 2023

The study examines the relationship between gamification and customer brand engagement, focusing on its impact on brand value co-creation. It analyzes various studies published between 2013 and 2023, revealing that gamification positively influences brand engagement by fostering active participation, emotional connections, and increased motivation. It also facilitates brand value co-creation by encouraging consumers to actively contribute to brand development, innovation, and advocacy. Design considerations like game mechanics, aesthetics, and personalized experiences are crucial for maximizing gamification's impact on customer engagement and brand value co-creation. The review identifies potential moderating factors, such as consumer characteristics, cultural differences, and industry-specific dynamics, which may influence the effectiveness of gamification strategies.
How to Integrate Sustainable Considerations Into the 4Ps of Marketing
Authors: al Kalbani Ali , Al Balushi Badriya , al Jahwari Maha , al Rashdi Maryam , al Habsi Jouhara
Published: September 2023

This chapter investigates integrating sustainability principles into marketing strategies, transforming the 4Ps (product, price, promotion, place) into the sustainable framework of the 4Cs. It explores the changing landscape of product development, pricing strategies, promotion, and distribution channels considering sustainability. The expanded definition of a product includes services, intangible offerings, and customer experiences, stressing continuous innovation and differentiation. Balancing fair pricing for sustainable products and addressing price sensitivity is examined, emphasizing the incorporation of social and environmental costs into pricing decisions. The influence of digital marketing and interactive strategies is explored, along with the integration of offline and online channels. The impact of technology and the COVID-19 pandemic on distribution channels is discussed, highlighting the significance of hyper-local and localization marketing. The chapter underscores the importance of sustainability in marketing strategies and recommends integrating it into the 4Ps.
Exploring the Role of Lifestyle and Personality in Predicting the Green Buying Intentions of Responsible Consumers
Authors: Kaur Balween , Gangwar Veer P.
Published: September 2023

The present study seeks to investigate the impact of lifestyle and personality of Indian millennials on their buying intentions towards sustainable personal care products. The target population is Indian millennials who are in age range of 24 years to 40 years. The sample size has been calculated as 385. Primary data has been collected using a self-administered questionnaire. SPSS software has been used to apply multiple regression techniques to elucidate the relation between two independent variables (lifestyle and personality) and one dependent variable (green buying intention). Findings suggest that both lifestyle and personality exert a low impact on buying intentions of Indian millennials towards green personal care products, which shows that sustainability related lifestyle and personality traits of consumers have a favourable but low impact of buying intentions. The study argues that sustainable personality and lifestyle traits are influencing green buying intentions of Indian consumers but with a low magnitude.
The Potential Impact of Chatbots on Student Engagement and Learning Outcomes
Authors: Bakare Oluwabunmi D. , Jatto Omeiza Victor
Published: September 2023

Emerging technologies such as Chatbots are redefining communication, engagement, and outcomes in the digital space in contemporary times. Academic institutions are now left behind as the majority of students who are Gen Z feel comfortable in this space, thus leaving the institutions of higher learning with no choice but to embrace these technologies to improve students' engagement and lead to a better learning outcome. However, despite its myriads of potentials, there are also consequences. It is based on this premise that this chapter will examine the usage of chatbots on students' engagement and learning outcomes by taking into perspective its potentials and consequences. Vygostsky's sociocultural theory and the Ranganathan law of library science will underpin this chapter. The chapter is expected to contribute to practice, society, policy, and theory based on the conceptual model that would be developed.
China's Economic Development
Authors: Zreik Mohamad
Published: September 2023

This chapter examines China's economic development in detail, focusing on the role that digital transformation, energy efficiency, and climate change have played. How digital technologies are driving China's economy and the difficulties local governments have in adapting to these changes are explored. China's response to the global energy crisis is analyzed, and the implications of energy transitions on the country's development are laid out in depth. The effects of climate change on the Chinese economy and the country's efforts to adapt to these changes are examined empirically. Nutrition is examined for its impact on a country's economy, namely its productivity and literacy rates. This chapter adds to the literature on economic growth and policy by providing fresh perspectives on China's complex economic rise.
The Relationship of Renewable Energy Generation, Renewable Energy Consumption, and Economic Growth
Authors: Dinçsoy Meltem Okur , Can Hamit
Published: September 2023

Renewable energy production and consumption has a triggering effect on the components associated with the energy sector. This study aims to analyze the effects of renewable energy generation and consumption on economic growth in Türkiye for the period 1990-2020 based on annual data. For the analyses in the study, the vector autoregression model (VAR) and Johansen cointegration test, vector error correction, and Granger causality are used for the data of renewable energy consumption (REC, percentage of total final energy consumption), renewable electricity generation (REG, per capita electricity generation from renewables), and economic growth (GDP constant 2010 US$). According to the findings from the study, no causality was found from production to gross domestic product from renewable energy consumption in the short run, but causality from renewable energy consumption to gross domestic product was found. In the long run, it can be said that renewable energy consumption is not the cause of gross domestic product, but gross product is the cause of renewable energy consumption.
Intercultural Communication in Digital Education
Authors: Goncharov Mikhail A. , Kozlov Ivan I. , Timonkin Oleg S.
Published: September 2023

The chapter argues that the contemporary educational process in the field of intercultural communication is largely determined by the fact that we are witnessing the blurring of the boundaries between the real and virtual worlds, which is due to rapid developments in information and communication technologies. The chapter emphasizes and reveals the importance of language education as a key component in the formation of specialists in intercultural communication, on the formation of a multicultural linguistic personality. The authors argue that the unfolding processes in education are changing the very environment of intercultural communication, providing new opportunities for learning, and also changing the very paradigm of educational competence of specialists in intercultural communication. To address the gap existing in the contemporary scholarship, the authors present and describe our model of the digital linguistic personality.
Digitalization of Education for Students With Disabilities in Nicaragua and Russia
Authors: Kochetova Ekaterina A. , Javier Castillo Vado Francisco , Solovyova Tatiana A. , Boldinova Olga G.
Published: September 2023

The research examines the content of digitalization of education for students with disabilities in Nicaragua and Russia. The authors outline topical issues related to the individual-differentiated approach in the use of digital technology in special and inclusive education. The research aims to compare and evaluate the use of advanced digital technologies developed for students with disabilities in Nicaragua and Russia. The authors determined the special conditions of digitalization of education for students with disabilities, considering special educational needs and academic opportunities, and provided recommendations for teachers of educational organizations related to the use of digital technology. The research results can be applied during digitalization of education for students with disabilities.
Energy and Battery Management in the Era of Cloud Computing
Authors: Satav Sandip D. , Lamani Dharmanna , K. G. Harsha , Kumar N. M. G. , Manikandan S. , Sampath Boopathi
Published: September 2023

This chapter emphasizes the importance of sustainability in wireless systems and networks, focusing on energy and battery management. Cloud computing enhances sustainability through power-efficient hardware design, energy harvesting techniques, dynamic power management strategies, and battery optimization. Battery management aspects include adaptive voltage scaling, load balancing, battery lifetime prediction, and recycling. Cloud computing influences sustainability through resource consolidation, virtualization, energy-efficient data centers, green cloud initiatives, and edge computing benefits. The chapter integrates energy and battery management with cloud computing through task scheduling, battery monitoring, data transmission optimization, and analytics. Collaboration between wireless, energy management, and cloud computing is crucial for achieving sustainable wireless systems in the cloud era.
Sustainable Intelligence
Authors: Panda Jyotikanta , Das Saumendra , Panda Moushami , Pattnaik Dulu
Published: September 2023

Green technologies have emerged as a key solution in this endeavour. This study explores the concept of sustainable intelligence (SI) and its significance in integrating innovative green technologies with intelligent systems to promote sustainability and environmental consciousness. Through an extensive literature review, this study presents the potential of green technologies, examines challenges and barriers, and outlines the significance of sustainable intelligence in achieving a greener and more sustainable environment. With a focus on intelligent IT applications such as artificial intelligence, the internet of things, and machine learning, the chapter examines their potential to address environmental sustainability challenges. The rising adoption of green technologies, such as renewable energy systems, smart grids, and eco-friendly transportation, holds promise for reducing carbon footprints and mitigating climate change. Intelligent IT applications in these domains enable real-time data analysis, predictive modelling, and optimization.
Synergizing Artificial Intelligence, 5G, and Cloud Computing for Efficient Energy Conversion Using Agricultural Waste
Authors: Agrawal Anurag Vijay , Shashibhushan G. , Pradeep S. , Padhi S. N. , Sugumar D. , Boopathi Sampath
Published: September 2023

The combination of artificial intelligence, 5G technology, and cloud computing has altered energy conversion processes, most notably the use of agricultural waste for sustainable energy generation. This book chapter digs into AI, 5G, and cloud computing research and development for efficient energy conversion, environmental concerns, and the viability of agricultural waste as a renewable energy resource. AI technologies provide real-time monitoring and control, while cloud computing enables data analytics and optimization. The synergistic method increases the efficiency of energy conversion, predictability, flexibility, optimization, grid integration, energy storage, and cost reduction. Compatibility, data security, and financial sustainability, on the other hand, must be addressed. The chapter emphasises the importance of this integrated strategy in addressing global energy and environmental challenges.
Parent Engagement in Rural Areas During Transition Planning
Authors: Lieberman Neal R.
Published: September 2023

This chapter explores the participation of families in the individual educational program and the transition process from high school for students with disabilities. Barriers, such as income, transportation, relationships and advocacy, languages, teacher attrition, and transition agencies that factor into family attendance and engagement, are explored in rural communities, along with possible strategies provided by the author to overcome them. Research is provided to show the difficulties parents and students face as active participants in the IEP and transition processes. Research is also used to describe the conditions of many students living in rural areas throughout the United States of America.
A Consortium Blockchain-Enabled Evidence Sharing System for Public Interest Litigation
Authors: Du Wei , Liu Hanxu , Luo Guannan , Zhang Jiyuan , Xu Wei
Published: September 2023

Procuratorates, as the prosecutor in public interest litigation (PIL), need to obtain evidence from other PIL stakeholders including citizens, companies, governmental agencies, IoT monitoring devices and so on. However, the evidence sharing is not smooth due to the lack of secure data sharing and privacy protection during case investigation and evidence collection. Therefore, the authors propose a consortium blockchain-based secure data sharing and privacy protection scheme named PILChain. The involved organizations are connected as peers in PILChain. The safety of uploaded evidence and user privacy can be guaranteed with a fine-grained access control and zero-knowledge identity proof. InterPlanetary File System is introduced to store large evidence files off-chain, further enhancing the data security and system scalability. The security of PILChain is analyzed in terms of access control, evidence confidentiality, evidence integrity, traceability, privacy, and scalability. Last, the authors evaluate the performance of the developed prototype system by implementing PILChain on Hyperledger Fabric.
Balanço de uma vida dedicada à história e à educação
Authors: Ávila Virgínia Pereira da Silva de , Santana Ziegler Sandra Sylvia
Published: September 2023

A entrevista foi realizada dia 10 de março de 2023, com o professor Justino Magalhães numa tarde chuvosa de final de inverno, no seu gabinete no Instituto de Educação da Universidade de Lisboa. Foi uma revisão –  reflexão – sobre a sua vida profissional e temas com os quais tem estado ocupado. Catorze dias após a entrevista, a 24 de abril de 2023, data em que comemorou 70 anos, encerrou as suas atividades como professor catedrático no Instituto de Educação da Universidade de Lisboa, iniciando uma nova fase como professor reformado.
Pandemias e infância
Authors: Oliveira Carla , Silva Rayane Jéssica Aranha da , Serafim Tania Maria
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo aborda como as relações e concepções higienistas de saúde e assistência – fundantes da creche enquanto instituição de atendimento à infância – retornam no cenário da pandemia da Covid-19 e se instituem em documentos e na cultura material que permeia a educação infantil. Para tanto, analisam-se as medidas e os protocolos de enfrentamento à Gripe Espanhola, no interior de uma instituição para crianças pequenas na cidade de São Paulo (1918), e o atendimento em Centros de Educação Infantil no município de Campinas-SP durante a pandemia da Covid-19, no ano de 2021. Ao examinar as orientações sanitárias e práticas estabelecidas, compreende-se que a cultura escolar se modifica, compondo uma nova materialidade que preconiza a saúde e o higienismo, em detrimento das ações e dos princípios pedagógicos da educação infantil.
Physico-chemical properties as a tool for monitoring marine water quality in selected coastal beaches of Northern Sri Lanka
Authors: Gobiraj Shobiya , Kuganathan Sivashanthini , Grøsvik B. E.
Published: September 2023

Sri Lanka is an island with extending coastal shores and extra valuable resources. Anthropogenic pressures and climate change have made the coastal environment increasingly susceptible. As coastal waters are dynamic and unstable, monitoring water quality parameters is essential. Monitoring of water quality measures of coastal waters plays a vital role in identifying the pollution sources and understanding the variations in water quality. It is helpful for stakeholders in making policies and standards to ensure the current status of the aquatic environment and life in it. A long-term assessment of physical and chemical properties was conducted every month for 18 months, from August 2020 to January 2022, at the coastal shores of Mathagal, Point Pedro, and Charty Beach to understand the current status and Spatio-temporal variations of water quality parameters in the studied locations. The parameters such as air and water temperature, pH, salinity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Electric Conductivity (EC) were measured on-site using the smarTROLL multiparameter handheld equipment. For statistical analysis, Minitab 2019 statistical software was used. Sampling locations significantly affected the spatial variation of DO but not the other studied parameters. The sampling months significantly affected the temporal variation of all assessed water quality parameters. The overall mean values of air and water temperature, pH, salinity, DO, TDS and EC were 29.90±1.43°C, 31.61±1.60°C, 8.11±0.13, 32.57±2.90 ppt, 6.85±0.86 mg/dl, 31.84±2.66 ppt and 52969.6±5355.96 μS/cm respectively. From the current study, it can be pointed out that the water quality parameters are influenced by precipitation and seasonal trends.
PD-1–Targeted Immunotherapy: The Ligand Matters
Authors: Wieland Andreas , Rubinstein Mark P , Li Zihai
Published: September 2023

This Pillars of Immunology article is a commentary on “PD-L2 is a second ligand for PD-1 and inhibits T cell activation,” a pivotal article written by Y. Latchman, C. R. Wood, T. Chernova, D. Chaudhary, M. Borde, I. Chernova, Y. Iwai, A. J. Long, J. A. Brown, R. Nunes, E. A. Greenfield, K. Bourque, V. A. Boussiotis, L. L. Carter, B. M. Carreno, N. Malenkovich, H. Nishimura, T. Okazaki, T. Honjo, A. H. Sharpe, and G. J. Freeman, and published in Nature Immunology, in 2001. https://www.nature.com/articles/ni0301_261.
Genetic Reduction of IRF5 Expression after Disease Initiation Reduces Disease in a Mouse Lupus Model by Impacting Systemic and End-Organ Pathogenic Pathways
Authors: Pellerin Alex , Tan Ying , Lu Simon , Bonegio Ramon G , Rifkin Ian R
Published: September 2023

Gain-of-function polymorphisms in the transcription factor IFN regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) are associated with an increased risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus. Global homozygous or heterozygous deficiency of IRF5 from birth confers protection in many lupus mouse models. However, less is known about the effects of IRF5 targeting after autoimmunity has already developed. This is an important point to clarify when considering IRF5 as a potential therapeutic target in lupus. In this study, we demonstrate that genetic reduction of IRF5 expression after disease initiation reduces disease severity in the FcγRIIB−/− Y-linked autoimmune accelerating mouse lupus model. Reduction of IRF5 expression resulted in a decrease in splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy and a reduction in splenic B cell activation and plasmablast numbers. Splenic T cell activation and differentiation were also impacted as demonstrated by an increase in the number of naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and a reduction in the number of memory/effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Although serum antinuclear autoantibody levels were not altered, reduction in IRF5 expression led to decreased immune complex deposition and complement activation, diminished glomerular and interstitial disease, and a reduction in immune cell infiltrate in the kidney. Mechanistically, myeloid cells in the kidney produced less inflammatory cytokines after TLR7 and TLR9 activation. Overall, we demonstrate that genetic reduction of IRF5 expression during an active autoimmune process is sufficient to reduce disease severity. Our data support consideration of IRF5 as a therapeutic target and suggest that approaches targeting IRF5 in systemic lupus erythematosus may need to impact IRF5 activity both systemically and in target organs.
IFN-γ Limits Immunopathogenesis but Delays Fungal Clearance during Pneumocystis Pneumonia
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhang Zhuo-Qian , Gigliotti Francis , Wright Terry W
Published: September 2023

High levels of IFN-γ are produced in the lung during an adaptive immune response to Pneumocystis, but the effects of this prototypical Th1 cytokine on fungal clearance and immunopathogenesis have not been fully defined. Therefore, Pneumocystis-infected immunodeficient mice were immune reconstituted and administered control or anti–IFN-γ neutralizing Ab to determine how IFN-γ regulates the balance between host defense and immune-mediated lung injury. Mice treated with anti–IFN-γ demonstrated an initial worsening of Pneumocystis pneumonia–related immunopathogenesis, with greater weight loss, heightened lung inflammation, and more severe pulmonary function deficits than control mice. However, IFN-γ neutralization also enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of Pneumocystis and accelerated fungal clearance. When anti–IFN-γ–treated mice were also given IL-4 and IL-13 to promote a Th2-biased lung environment, the accelerated fungal clearance was preserved, but the severity of immunopathogenesis was reduced, and a more rapid recovery was observed. A direct suppressive effect of IFN-γ on macrophages was required but was not solely responsible for delayed fungal clearance, suggesting that IFN-γ acts through multiple mechanisms that likely include modulation of both macrophage and Th polarization. Enhanced Pneumocystis clearance in anti–IFN-γ–treated and IFN-γR–deficient mice was associated with significantly elevated IL-17+ CD4+ T cells and IL-17 protein in the lungs. Furthermore, neutralization of IL-17, but not IL-4, signaling blocked the accelerated fungal clearance observed in anti–IFN-γ–treated mice. Together, these data demonstrate that although IFN-γ delays fungal clearance by suppressing the lung Th17 response, it also serves an important regulatory role that limits immunopathogenesis and preserves pulmonary function.
Duration of Tenofovir Use and Diabetes Mellitus Predict Microalbuminuria among Well-controlled Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Patients Attending a Tertiary Clinic in Gaborone, Botswana
Authors: Akerele Tolatilewa , Rivera Yordanka Pina , Rwegerera Godfrey Mutashambara
Published: September 2023

The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of microalbuminuria among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Infectious Disease Control Center of Princess Marina Hospital, a Tertiary Clinic in Gaborone, Botswana. The risk factors of microalbuminuria were determined by comparing the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with the presence of microalbuminuria or normoalbuminuria. In total, 297 randomly selected HIV-infected patients were included in the analysis. The mean age of the study participants was 48.6 years, with the majority of patients (60.9%) being females. The study participants were largely well-controlled both immunologically and virologically, with 283/297 (95.3%) and 280/297 (94.3%), having CD4 counts of more than 200 cells/mm3 and undetected viral load (<400 copies/mL), respectively. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was found to be 46.5%. Microalbuminuria was associated with the duration of exposure to a regimen containing tenofovir [P <0.001, odds ratio = 1.137, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.073–1.205] and a history of diabetes mellitus (P = 0.044, odds ratio = 9.260, 95% CI = 1.058–81.06). Sociodemographic characteristics and other clinical factors were not associated with microalbuminuria. There is a need to carry out prospective studies among HIV- infected patients with microalbuminuria to determine the short- and long-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality outcomes.
Detection of colistin resistance via four methods among Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Gautam Praveen Kumar , Tomar Shama
Published: September 2023

Objective:

We aimed to find the most accurate and robust method for the detection of colistin resistance among Gram-negative bacteria by comparing the performance of four methods.

Methods:

Colistin resistantance was determine by disk diffusion (DD), Etest, colistin broth disk elution (CBDE) and compared with standard broth microdilution (BMD) method.

Results:

An exploratory study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Jaipur, India, from November 2021 to November 2022. Of the 384 isolates tested, 41 (10.7%) were resistant against colistin by BMD and CBDE testing. Compared with BMD method, the categorical agreement of DD and Etest methods were 65.9% and 78.1%, respectively, and the rates of very major error were 34.1% and 21.9%, respectively.

Conclusions:

Due to the high frequency of very major error, the use of DD and Etest are not recommended by Clinical laboratory and standards institute (CLSI) for colistin susceptibility testing while CBDE is the recommended method which yields a categorical agreement of 100% with BMD method. The CBDE method can be used in routine laboratories for the detection of colistin resistance.