Optimal Configuration of Physical Process Parameterization Scheme Combination for Simulating Meteorological Variables in Weather Research and Forecasting Model: Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design and Comprehensive Evaluation Method
Authors: Li Zhengming , Wang Hanqing , Liu Xinyu , Yuan Da 
Published: November 2024

The weather research and forecasting (WRF) model is frequently used to investigate the meteorological field around nuclear installations. The configuration of physical process parameterization schemes in the WRF model has a significant impact on the accuracy of the simulation results. Consequently, carrying out a pre-experiment to quickly obtain the optimal combination of parameterization schemes is essential before conducting meteorological parameter research. To obtain the optimal combination of physical process parameterization schemes from the planetary boundary layer (PBL), land surface (LSF), microphysical (MP), long-wave (LW), and short-wave (SW) radiation processes of the WRF model for simulating the near-surface meteorological variables near a nuclear power plant in Sanshan Town, Fuqing City, Fujian Province, China on 4 June 2019 were observed. Orthogonal experimental design (OED), a comprehensive evaluation method based on the CRiteria Import Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) weight analysis, and comprehensive balance method were employed for the first time to conduct the research. The sensitivity of meteorological variables to physical processes was first discussed. The findings revealed that the PBL scheme configuration had a profound impact on simulating wind fields. Furthermore, the LSF scheme configuration had a significant influence on simulating near-surface temperature and relative humidity, which was much greater than that of other physical processes. In addition, the choice of the radiation scheme had a significant impact on how the temperature was distributed close to the ground and how the wind field was simulated. Furthermore, the configuration of the MP scheme was found to exert a certain influence on the simulation of relative humidity; however, it demonstrated a weak influence on other meteorological variables. Secondly, The MYNN3 scheme for PBL process, the NoahMP scheme for LSF process, the WSM5 scheme for MP process, the RRTMG scheme for LW process, and the Dudhia scheme for SW process are found to be the comprehensive optimal physical process parameterization scheme combination for simulating meteorological variables in the research area selected in this study. As evident from the findings, the use of the OED method to obtain the combinations of the optimal physical process parameterization scheme could successfully reproduce the wind field, temperature, and relative humidity in the current study. Thus, this method appears to be highly reliable and effective for use in the WRF models to explore the optimal combinations of the physical process parameterization scheme, which could provide theoretical support to quickly analyzing accurate meteorological field data for longer periods and contribute to deeply investigating the migration and diffusion behavior of airborne pollutants in the atmosphere.