bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Behavioral Problems in Adolescents in Social Vulnerability: Assessment from a Parental Perspective
Authors: Couto Isabela Sousa Lemos , Rocha Marina Monzani da , Botelho Ana Cristina , Souza Claudia Luísa Sena Gomes de , Oliveira Dagoberto Bonavides de , Oliveira Irismar Reis de
Published: November 2020

Abstract Although there are international data on the prevalence of behavioral problems through childhood/adolescence, there is still a need to explore emotional/behavioral problems experienced by Brazilian adolescents, especially in situations of extreme social problems or social vulnerability (SV). This is an observational, cross-sectional study, carried out with a convenience sample, to describe emotional/behavioral problems of adolescents living in a high SV scenario in the city of Salvador-BA, from their parents or guardians’ point of view. Sociodemographic questionnaire and CBCL/6-18 were applied to a sample of 274 adolescents’ parents/guardians. Data analysis found that 20.4% of the sample had problems in the clinical range for CBCL’s Total Problems. Sociodemographic variables can impact behavioral problems in adolescence and need to be investigated. This study adds new data on child and youth psychopathologies at the national level and can promote preventive actions and referrals aimed at this population.
Effectiveness of a dietary re-education and physical activity program on obesity
Authors: Christinelli Heloá Costa Borim , Souza Jean Marcel Schmitz de , Costa Maria Antonia Ramos , Teston Élen Ferraz , Borim Maria Luiza Costa , Fernandes Carlos Alexandre Molena
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects on obesity of a weight loss method that associates dietary re-education and physical activity. Method: A retrospective, cross-sectional, and quantitative study using secondary data from individual follow-up forms of a weight loss clinic located in a municipality in northwestern Paraná, Brazil. Data collection took place in August 2018 through a checklist of anthropometric parameters, being stored in Excel spreadsheets and analyzed by descriptive statistics using the SPSS program. Results: The mean weight loss was 15.22 kg, and the weight loss method was associated with beneficial results in relation to the following variables: weight, body mass index, body and visceral fat, muscle mass, basal metabolism rate, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Conclusion: The association of dietary re-education with regular physical exercise has a positive impact on obesity.
Obstetric violence in the perception of multiparous women
Authors: Ribeiro Deise de Oliveira , Gomes Giovana Calcagno , Oliveira Adriane Maria Netto de , Alvarez Simone Quadros , Gonçalves Bruna Goulart , Acosta Daniele Ferreira
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the perception of multiparous women about their experiences with obstetric violence. Methods: Qualitative descriptive study carried out from January to May 2019 in basic health units in the city of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul. Twenty multiparous women from the community participated in the study. Data were collected through interviews and submitted to content analysis. Results: Two subcategories were constructed: Obstetric Violence in primiparous women, where women suffered verbal violence to collaborate during fetal expulsion in labor; Obstetric violence in multiparous women, where there was verbal and physical violence related to the fact that the women had many children. Final considerations: Obstetric violence in health institutions is experienced by many women. The trauma suffered will follow them through their lives. The naturalization of violent practices during labor and birth should be avoided, in order to ensure respectful and non-discriminatory care.
INCIDENCE OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION AFTER CYSTOGRAPHY
Authors: Martins Joana Sousa , Pinto Margarida , Braga Manuela , Calhau Paulo
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: Cystography an invasive procedure with potential complications such as urinary infection (UI). There are few studies about the incidence of complications associated with this procedure. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of post-cystography urinary infection (UI.). Methods: Retrospective study with a review of clinical records of patients under 15 years of age, followed in this hospital, who underwent cystography (radiologic or indirect radionuclide) between 2009 and 2018. Post-cystography UI was defined when it occurred until seven days after the procedure. Descriptive and nonparametric statistics were applied to assess possible predictive factors related with post-cystography UI. Results: In the study period, 531 cystograms were undertaken (55% indirect radionuclide and 45% radiologic). The mean age at the procedure was 11.5 months; 62% were boys. Every patient had a previous negative urine culture; 50% were under antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of the procedure. The most common indication for the procedure was the post-natal study of congenital hydronephrosis/other nephrological malformation (53%), followed by the study of febrile UI (31%). Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was diagnosed in 40% of procedures. Post-cystography UI occurred in 23 cases (incidence of 4.3%). The most frequent microorganism was E. coli (52%). The presence of VUR was significantly associated with the occurrence of post-cystography IU. Conclusions: The incidence of post-cystography UI was low in our sample. The presence of VUR was significantly associated with the occurrence of post-cystography UI. The authors highlight the importance of an adequate catheterization technique and the need for clinical surveillance after the procedure.
Germination and initial development of forest species under the action of catechin, presents in seeds of Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. (Fabaceae)
Authors: El Id Vera Lygia , Braga Márcia Regina , Santos Junior Nelson Augusto dos
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Sesbania virgata is a shrub that occurs in riparian forests, especially in Cerrado and Atlantic Forest. It is considered superdominant due to its rapid growth and high soil cover. Its seeds release allelochemicals during imbibition, affecting the germination and initial growth of other species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytotoxic effect of compounds found in S. virgata seeds on co-occurrent species from different successional stages. The species were co-germinated with S. virgata seeds and irrigated with S. virgata integument extracts, in laboratory, greenhouse, and field. The germination rate, germination speed, germination speed index, and seedling growth of the species were evaluated. Phytochemicals released by S. virgata seeds were not able to inhibit the germination of the co-occurrent forest species in field, but significantly reduced their initial growth. The results suggest that resistance to allelochemicals is not linked to the successional stage of a species but is determined by specific characteristics that guarantee the ability to tolerate the phytotoxins released by the seeds of S. virgata. In addition, the results also suggest that catechin and other compounds found in seeds may be responsible for the inhibitory potential of S. virgata plants.
Seed, seedling, tirodendro morphology and germination of Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) Brenan (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae)
Authors: Cunha Maria do Carmo Learth , Lima Tamires Leal de , Ferreira Thiago Costa , Santos Yathaanderson Mendes dos
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The specie Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) Brenan, angico-vermelho, is little studied regarding the morphological characters of its seeds, seedlings and tirodendo. Therefore, the aims of this study were to describe and illustrate the morphology of seed germination, seedling and tirodendro of angico-vermelho. Seeds of five matrices were harvested and submitted to germination test at 28 °C on paper roll and vermiculite substrates. The seeds are euryspermics with horseshoe-shaped pleurograma and seedlings epigeal-phanerocotylar. The seedling eophylls are compound, bi-pinnate, opposite, oblong-shape laminar and based asymmetric. Petiole has reddish oval gland at the beginning, and two to three rounded glands between the last pinnae. Eophylls and metaphylls have similar morphological characteristics, except for the pinnae number. The tirodendro presents metaphylls compounds bi-pinnate opposite, with gradual hypertrophy of the taproot 27th day after sowing, the xylopodium, that becames larger until 180 days.
Dorothy Porter e a constituição de um campo bibliográfico sobre o negro no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos (1943-1978)
Authors: Trapp Rafael Petry
Published: November 2020

RESUMO O presente artigo realiza uma análise histórica dos intercâmbios intelectuais, culturais e políticos entre bibliógrafos brasileiros e norte-americanos através do processo de produção da Afro-Braziliana, bibliografia sobre o negro no Brasil compilada pela bibliotecária afro-americana Dorothy Porter entre 1943 e 1978, ano de sua publicação. Por meio de uma história sociocultural da prática bibliográfica, examinamos a formação da obra relativamente aos tensionamentos teóricos, às lutas narrativas, aos dissensos interpretativos e às leituras contrastantes que o trabalho de Porter provocou, tanto em sua constituição quanto em sua recepção. A hipótese principal é a de que as problemáticas engendradas pela Afro-Braziliana reposicionaram politicamente diferentes entendimentos e disputas narrativas de padrões de categorização social dos sistemas raciais atribuídos ao Brasil e aos Estados Unidos.
Performances no mundo do livro: entre a história, a memória e a ficção
Authors: Dutra Eliana de Freitas
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Neste artigo, objetivamos analisar como ficcionistas, ensaístas e memorialistas elaboram histórias de experiências com a leitura e as bibliotecas no interior de uma cultura do livro no Ocidente e com pontos de contato com a história dos livros, da edição e da leitura, a partir do pressuposto da plasticidade existente entre esses gêneros de escrita. O texto explora, por meio de certas tópicas, representações, metáforas e alegorias recorrentes em escritos centrados na temática de livros, bibliotecas e leitores. A intenção é mostrar o livro como matéria de ficção, exercício de memória e objeto de análise; como a ficção e o ensaísmo podem ser um modo de interrogação da história e de dar forma à memória; e como a memória e a percepção do tempo podem ser mediados pelos livros e pelos atos de leitura.
Histórias, visibilidades e princípios operadores da desinstitucionalização em saúde mental: narrativas do possível
Authors: Simoni Ana Carolina , Moschen Simone
Published: November 2020

Resumo Este escrito toma por objeto memórias de um percurso de trabalho que construiu processos de desinstitucionalização que visam não apenas o fim do manicômio, mas o desmonte da lógica manicomial. Para tanto, elegemos como método o compartilhamento de narrativas do vivido, acolhendo a convocação benjaminiana à responsabilização pela precariedade de uma posição discursiva, contra o tecnicismo e a generalização. Por um lado, as narrativas do cotidiano do fazer da desinstitucionalização evidenciam as cumplicidades entre os modelos jurídico-institucional e biopolítico do poder, apontados por Giorgio Agamben, na produção de vidas abandonáveis e matáveis, incluídas no ordenamento jurídico como exceção à lei, por referência à norma. Por outro lado, possibilitam recolhermos, como efeitos da experiência no narrar, alguns princípios que operaram na produção das condições de retorno à vida no território, de pessoas institucionalizadas sob os argumentos da incapacidade, da periculosidade e da doença mental. Trata-se do testemunho de tessituras do singular no coletivo, cuja matéria-prima foram histórias reconstruídas, de asilos e de vizinhanças, as quais nomeamos “narrativas do possível”.
A cidade sensível à água sob a perspectiva do metabolismo urbano e da análise da produção do espaço
Authors: Marinho Simone Danielle Aciole Morais , Galvão Carlos de OIiveira , Miranda Lívia Izabel Bezerra de
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Neste artigo, argumenta-se que a sensibilidade urbana em relação aos recursos hídricos pode ser aumentada pela compreensão do processo de produção do espaço e do metabolismo urbano. Propõem-se duas análises integradas do espaço urbano: a primeira é relativa ao desempenho hidrológico, em que são levantados os potenciais de diversificação hídrica por meio do desenvolvimento de indicadores quantitativos e da geração de cenários possíveis à diversificação; a segunda refere-se à produção do espaço, em que é realizado levantamento histórico das condições de acesso à água. Verifica-se como se dá o processo de produção do espaço e o impacto desse processo sobre os recursos hídricos. Mais detalhadamente, observam-se as correlações entre os agentes e as transformações espaciais, visando identificar as associações que comandam essas transformações. Essa proposta metodológica é aplicada à cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba, elegendo-se um bairro que sofreu expressivas transformações espaciais nos últimos 20 anos. Os resultados mostram um potencial de 243% para diversificação por uso de água de chuva e 69% por reuso de água residuária. Por meio da combinação de possibilidades de diversificação hídrica, o sistema de abastecimento, que atualmente é centralizado, poderia ter essa centralização reduzida a até 57%. A análise da dinâmica urbana revela a necessidade de intervenção do poder público quanto à adoção de medidas de controle da ocupação do solo. Atualmente, os promotores imobiliários e proprietários fundiários condicionam o processo de produção do espaço, o que dificulta a melhoria do desempenho hidrológico urbano.
Gestão colaborativa de bacias hidrográficas nos Estados Unidos: uma possibilidade de melhoria para a realidade brasileira
Authors: Trindade Larissa de Lima , Hoornbeek John
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Diante do crescimento mundial do gerenciamento participativo de bacias hidrográficas e das diversas dificuldades que o modelo de gestão hídrica brasileiro tem enfrentado para se consolidar na prática, este estudo objetivou discutir o modelo colaborativo de gestão de bacias hidrográficas utilizado nos Estados Unidos da América, especialmente o do estado de Ohio, que tem se destacado na promoção da gestão colaborativa no país, a partir da literatura internacional e de um estudo de caso realizado junto a um dos grupos mais atuantes na gestão de bacias hidrográficas. Salienta-se que a experiência americana proporcionou identificar elementos que, se bem utilizados, podem fortalecer a atuação dos comitês de bacias hidrográficas no Brasil e, consequentemente, na Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos Brasileira.
Prevalence and risk factors of gastrointestinal parasites in backyard pigs reared in the Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area, Colombia
Authors: Pinilla Juan Carlos , Morales Elsa , Delgado Nelson Uribe , Florez Angel Alberto
Published: November 2020

Abstract Backyard pigs have been associated with poor sanitary conditions and the development of parasitic diseases, often causing public health and food safety problems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for gastrointestinal parasites in backyard pigs. 279 animals were sampled from thirty-two backyard pig farms located in the Bucaramanga, Floridablanca, Giron and Piedecuesta municipalities, from Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area, Colombia. Fecal samples were taken directly from the rectum and processed by four coprological techniques. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 91%, being the highest values for Balantidium coli and Eimeria sp. Regarding the prevalence by municipalities, there was no statistical association (p ≥ 0.05) indicating that the prevalence was similar in the region under study. Floridablanca municipality, free-ranging pigs, access to latrines, and consumption of spring water showed to be a risk factor for nematodes, while Giron municipality, pigs > 7 months of age and access to latrines, increased infection risk for coccidian. We concluded that there is a high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in backyard pigs from the Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area, and that it could be controlled by improving management practices and farm facilities.
Molecular prevalence of trichomonad species from pet shop puppies and kittens in Japan
Authors: Itoh Naoyuki , Iijima Yuko , Ogura Isao , Yonekura Natsumi , Kameshima Satoshi , Kimura Yuya
Published: November 2020

Abstract Pentatrichomonas hominis and Tritrichomonas foetus (cat genotype) have been commonly identified as intestinal trichomonads in both dogs and cats. Although P. hominis is considered as non-pathogenic protozoa in many kinds of mammals, it has the potential for zoonotic transmission. T. foetus has been recognized as the emerging causative agent of diarrhea in cats without the risk of zoonotic transmission. As pet shops are the major source of young companion animals, the present study discusses the molecular prevalence of P. hominis and T. foetus from 544 pet shop puppies and 409 kittens. The results suggest that the prevalence of P. hominis (puppies: 7.0%; kittens: 0.5%) and T. foetus (puppies: 0%; kittens: 2.4%) in pet shop young animals are low. In addition, the infections of P. hominis and T. foetus are not always associated with the clinical signs (soft or diarrhea feces).
Parasitological diagnosis in food fish produced in a fish farm, in the Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Relvas Rachel Sordi , Balian Simone de Carvalho , Soares Herbert Sousa , Martins Maurício Laterça , Cardoso Pedro Henrique Magalhães
Published: November 2020

Abstract This study identified the parasitic species in juvenile freshwater finfishes during the fattening stage, from a fish farm located in the Zona da Mata (MG), southeastern Brazil, and revealed both macro and microscopical lesions in fish gills. A total of 172 juvenile fishes of different species (Oreochromis niloticus, Ictalurus punctatus, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cyprinus carpio, Astyanax bimaculatus and Brycon amazonicus) were transported to a laboratory in São Paulo city. The fish were sedated and then euthanized for parasitological analysis. All fish were infected by at least one parasite species. Ten different species of parasites were identified: Apiosoma sp., Epistylis sp., Ichthyobodo sp., trichodinids, Piscinoodinium pillulare, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Tetrahymena sp., monogeneans, Centrocestus formosanus metacercariae, and Dermocystidium sp. The best management practices and lack of sanitary control were also discussed.
Toddbrook Reservoir Incident Seminar: your questions answered
Authors: Warren Alan L.
Published: November 2020

In July 2020, the BDS hosted a seminar on the Toddbrook incident of August 2019. This on-line event was attended by over 500 people and the recording was subsequently made available through the ICE. To maximise the opportunities for questions and answers on this important subject, questions were requested in writing after the seminar. This article provides the majority of the questions posed to the presenters through the BDS and the responses gained.
Effect of concrete workability on bond properties of steel rebar in pre-cracked concrete
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Sina , Guizani Lotfi , Bhojaraju Chandrasekhar , Ouellet-Plamondon Claudiane M.
Published: November 2020

Although research has shown a considerable influence of the pre-cracking phenomenon on steel-congested concrete members, only normal concrete (NC) has been considered in the literature. The intention in this paper is thus to study the effect of the pre-cracking phenomenon on the bond response of pre-cracked NC with different slump flow values and self-consolidating concrete (SCC). Initial crack widths ranging from 0.0 to 0.5 mm are studied. Results show that initial crack widths larger than 0.10 mm have a significant influence on bond properties, such that reduction factors greater than 30% and 50% are obtained for the maximum bond strength of concrete specimens exposed to initial crack widths of 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm, respectively. Results show that concrete mixtures with higher workability are less sensitive to the pre-cracking phenomenon as compared to NC mixtures. The average bond stress of steel rebar in the pre-cracked SCC is found to be similar to that of the NC with a slump flow of 200 mm, which is considerably better than for NC with a slump flow of 97 mm. Moreover, results show that 65.8, 80.6, 88.5 and 93.1% fracture energy reductions are obtained for crack widths of 0.20, 0.30, 0.40 and 0.50 mm, respectively, as compared to the small crack width of 0.15 mm.
Financial Integration and the Co-Movement of Economic Activity: Evidence from U.S. States
Authors: Goetz Martin R. , Gozzi Juan Carlos
Published: November 2020

&lt;ns3:p&gt;We analyze the effect of the geographic expansion of banks across U.S. states on the comovement of economic activity between states. Exploiting the removal of interstate banking restrictions to construct time-varying instrumental variables at the state-pair level, we find that bilateral banking integration increases output co-movement between states. The effect of financial integration depends on the nature of the idiosyncratic shocks faced by states and is stronger for more financially dependent industries. Finally, we show that integration (1) increases the similarity of bank lending fluctuations between states and (2) contributes to the transmission of deposit shocks across states.&lt;/ns3:p&gt;
Трудовая миграция в России в период коронавирусной пандемии
Authors: Денисенко Михаил Борисович , Мукомель Владимир Изявич
Published: November 2020

Введение карантинных мер в связи с пандемией коронавируса сопровождалось перекрытием трансграничных коммуникаций и ограничением деятельности предприятий в большинстве отраслей экономики. Трудовые мигранты и члены их семей, пребывающие на территории России, оказались в сложном положении. Сокращение занятости в первую очередь в тех сферах, где работают мигранты, сделало иностранных граждан одной из наиболее уязвимых социальных групп. Первый пласт вопросов, рассматриваемых в статье, связан с оценкой ситуации, в которой оказались мигранты, находящиеся в России. В каких видах экономической активности сокращение занятости стало особенно болезненным для мигрантов? Каково их материальное положение? Насколько они готовы покинуть Россию в случае восстановления транспортных коммуникаций? Каковы их ближайшие и отдаленные планы, связанные с трудовой деятельностью и жизнью в России? Во втором фокусе исследования находятся потенциальные мигранты, которые не смогли въехать в Россию после разрыва международных транспортных связей. Каково их экономическое положение на родине? Как быстро они собираются выехать в Россию в случае снятия ограничений на международные поездки? Каковы их краткосрочные и долгосрочные планы, связанные с пребыванием в России? Поиску ответов на эти вопросы посвящена настоящая статья, базирующаяся на онлайн-опросе 2695 иностранных граждан (в том числе 1304 мигрантов, находящихся на территории России, и 1391 – за ее пределами), а также телефонном опросе 300 трудовых мигрантов в Московском мегаполисе, проведенных в первой половине июня 2020 г.
Morphotyping Fungal Cultures v1
Authors: Bateman Craig , Hulcr Jiri
Published: November 2020

This protocols describes the process of designating fungal morphotypes. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
Raffaelea plant inoculation v1
Authors: Li You
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this protocol is to test pathogenicity of the ambrosia fungi Raffaelea. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
General DNA Extraction with Sigma Extract-N-Amp v1
Authors: Hulcr Jiri
Published: November 2020

This protocol describes general DNA Extraction with Sigma Extract-N-Amp. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
Beetle Cleaning v1
Authors: Hulcr Jiri , F Gomez Demian
Published: November 2020

This protocol describes surface-sterilization or surface-cleaing techniques for the beetles before the microbe isolation. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
Shipping beetles to the UF Forest Entomology Lab v1
Authors: Hulcr Jiri
Published: November 2020

This protocol describes how to send specimens to the UF Forest Entomology Lab. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
Rearing Ambrosia Beetles in Media v1
Authors: Skelton James , Adams Sawyer , J. Johnson Andrew
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this protocol is to produce a supply of living beetles in various developmental stages in the laboratory. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
Fungal extraction from Xylosandrus compactus v1
Authors: Skelton James , Bateman Craig , Hulcr Jiri
Published: November 2020

This protocol describes how to extract ambrosia fungi from Xylosandrus compactus, the black twig borer. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
PCR for amplification of bark beetles or fungal DNA v1
Authors: F Gomez Demian , Li You , Storer Caroline
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this protocol is to conduct PCR of bark beetles or fungal DNA. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
Sequencing for Bark beetles and associated fungi v1
Authors: Hulcr Jiri , Adams Sawyer
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this protocol is to describe the submission for sequencing at the UF Forest Entomology Lab. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
Analysis of Primary Cilia in Rodent Brain By Immunofluorescence Microscopy v1
Authors: S. Khan Shahzad
Published: November 2020

We describe here our method for immunostaining of primary cilia in brain sections from wild type and LRRK2 or other mutant mice. Included are procedures for perfusion, tissue harvesting, sectioning and staining, image acquisition and analysis.
Quality of Care Index (QCI) v1
Authors: Mohammadi Esmaeil , Ghasemi Erfan , Saeedi Moghaddam Sahar , Yoosefi Moein , Ghanbari Ali , Ahmadi Naser , Masinaei Masoud , Roshani Shahin , Ebrahimi Narges , Rouhifard Khalilabad Mahtab , Nasserinejad Maryam , Azadnajafabad Sina , Mohajer Bahram , Mohebi Farnam , Rezaei Negar , Mokdad Ali , Larijani Bagher , Farzadfar Farshad
Published: November 2020

Abstract This protocol and set of codes bring forward a newly introduced index and system that can assess the quality of care given to health-seekers on a large-scale, named the quality of care index (QCI). Foremost, QCI is designated for data miners using a large amount of data entry. Dimension reduction approaches are utilized to reduce and ease the complexity of such environments. QCI codes have been trained and built based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database structure [https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/]. Other data sources can be fed to the code upon re-structuring to the same formate as GBD's. Only aggregates are compatible for analysis and individual data sets are not appropriate commodities. Codes are considerately embedded in R language, easily transformable to Python. Classically, we use STATA file extensions (.dta) and efforts should be carried out to reformat files into other extensions if desired. Stages of QCI computation are 1. data acquisition 2. data curation 3. data analysis and/or 4. visualization.
Anxiety in Relatives of Patients Admitted to Cardiac Care Units and its Relationship with Spiritual Health and Religious Coping
Authors: Dehghanrad Fereshteh , Mosallanejad Marjan , Momennasab Marzieh
Published: November 2020

Objective. This work sought to determine the level of anxiety in relatives of patients admitted to CCUs and its relationship with spiritual health and religious coping.

Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 relatives of Cardiac Care Units patients in Jahrom, Iran. Required data was collected using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Paloutzian-Ellison Spiritual Well Being Scale (SWBS), and the Pargament Brief RCOPE questionnaire.

Results. The results showed that both levels of state and trait anxiety were moderate and the level of total spiritual health was high. Anxiety score had an inverse relationship with spiritual health (r=-0.52) and a direct relationship with negative religious coping score (r=0.25). However, no significant relationship was found between total anxiety score and positive religious coping (p>0.05). There was a direct relationship between spiritual health and positive religious coping (r=0.19), and an inverse relationship between spiritual health and negative religious coping(r=-0.36).

Conclusion. According to the findings of the study, it is suggested to paying attention to the reinforcement of spiritual attitudes, beliefs, and religious coping strategies to reduce their anxiety in CCU patients.
Assessment of the Relationship between Nurses’ Perception of Ethical Climate and Job Burnout in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Rivaz Mozhgan , Asadi Fatemeh , Mansouri Parisa
Published: November 2020

Objective. To determine the relationship between ethical climate and burnout in nurses working in Intensive Care Units (ICUs).

Methods. This cross-sectional and multi-center study was conducted among 212 nurses working in adult ICUs of six hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2019. The participants were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected using valid instruments of Olson’s Hospital Ethical Climate Survey (HECS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).

Results. Ethical climate was favorable (3.5±0.6). The intensity (32.2±12.4) and frequency (25.5±12.4) of burnout were high. Ethical climate had significant and inverse relationships with frequency of burnout (r =-0.23, p=0.001) and with intensity of burnout (r=-0.186, p=0.007). Ethical climate explained 5.9% of burnout. Statistically significant  relationships were also found between these factors: age with ethical climate (p=0.001), work shifts with burnout (p=0.02), and gender and with intensity frequency of burnout in ICU nurses (p=0.038). The results of Spearman correlation coefficient showed significant and inverse relationships between ethical climate and job burnout (r=-0.243, p<0.001).

Conclusion. Nurses in ICUs perceived that ethical climate was favorable however, burnout was high. Therefore, burnout can be affected by many factors and it is necessary to support ICU nurses since they undertake difficult and complicated task. It is recommended to assess factors that increase burnout and adopt specific measures and approaches to relieve nursing burnout.
Level and Noise Sources in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Reference Hospital
Authors: Hernández-Salazar Alma Damaris , Gallegos-Martínez Josefina , Reyes-Hernández Jaime
Published: November 2020

Objective. Determine the level of environmental and periauricular noise in preterm babies and identify the sources generating noise in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit -NICU- of a reference hospital in San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

Methods. Cross-sectional and analytic study of the measurement of the level of environmental noise in five critical areas of the NICU, according with the method of measurement of noise from fixed sources by the Mexican Official Norm and periauricular at 20 cm from the preterm patient’s pinna. The measurements were carried out during three representative days of a week,morning, evening and nocturnal shifts. A STEREN 400 sound level meter was used with 30 to 130 dB range of measurement and a rate of 0.5 s.

Results. The average level of periauricular noise (64.5±1.91dB) was higher than the environmental noise (63.3±1.74 dB) during the days and shifts evaluated. The principal noise sources were activities carried out by the staff, like the nursing change of shift and conversations by the staff, which raised the level continuously or intermittently, operation of vital support equipment (alarms) and incidences (clashing of baby bottles and moving furnishings) producedsudden rises of noise.

Conclusions. Environmental and periauricular noise in NICU exceeds by two and almost three times the 45 dB during the day and 35 dB at night from the norm in hospitals. It is necessary to implement permanent noise reduction programs to prevent sequelae in the preterm infant and professional burnout in the nursing staff.
APPLICATION OF THE KUKHUSKIN SEARCH METHOD FOR OPTIMIZATION OF PLANS OF MULTIFACTOR EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Koshovyi M.D. , Lіebіedіev M.S.
Published: November 2020

The methods of experiment planning, optimization, and forecasting are becoming increasingly important in the setting up of studies aimed at studying complex technological processes. The design of experiments involves the incorporation into practice of engineering research of methods to increase the efficiency of work. Unlike the most common one-factor research method, when the effect of each factor is studied separately, there are methods that allow performing experiments in order to study complex processes so that they vary by all factors at once. This helps to increase the efficiency of the experiment, expressed in the fact that the parameters of interest to the experimenter are determined with a significantly smaller error than with traditional research methods. Moreover, with an increase in the number of factors, the accuracy of the experiment increases. Many methods developed in relation to the planning of experiments, making optimal decisions at various stages of research work. But they give a positive result with a small value of the number of factors, because as the number of factors increases, the value of various combinations of permutations increases. Conducting experiments requires certain financial and time costs. Therefore, one of the tasks of optimizing experimental design is to minimize the costs of conducting experimental designs, while obtaining the maximum amount of information about the influence of factors of interest on the process. The purpose of this article is to develop a method and software for optimizing multi-factor experiment designs, which will reduce the time and financial costs of conducting multi-factor experiment designs. An algorithm was developed, which is implemented programmatically, in the C # programming language, to optimize plans for multifactor experiments using the cuckoo search method. The efficiency of the developed algorithm was tested on the optimization of plans for multifactor experiments of technological processes. A comparative analysis of the methods of synthesis of cost-optimal plans of a multi-factor experiment is carried out and the effectiveness of the cuckoo search method is shown.
Defense and the Environment: Policy and Management
Authors: Choi Yearn
Published: November 2020

This paper describes the problem of balancing national security needs and environmental quality concerns in the United States Department of Defense. The Department of Defense (DoD) is often symbolized to the public as military uniforms, fighters and bombers, aircraft carriers and submarines, tanks and missiles. But it is much more; it is a human organization concerned with the welfare of the citizens and the environment they live in. It would make little sense for DoD to be building the defenses of the nation if in doing so it was threatening the health of the environment. Defense should mean the defense of the environment, too.
Simulating Satellite Retrieval Missions Using the Manned Maneuvering Unit
Authors: Hartley Craig
Published: November 2020

The Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU) built by the Martin Marietta Company is a self-contained, propulsive backpack that provides space-suited astronauts with six degree-of-freedom precision maneuvering capability to at least 150 meters (500 feet) from the Shuttle Orbiter. Astronauts are trained to fly the MMU in the Space Operations Simulator (SOS) Laboratory located at Martin Marietta Denver Aerospace facilities in Denver, Colorado. MMU simulations in the SOS use two major devices. The first is a six-degree-of-freedom Moving Base Carriage (MBC) that allows the trainee to fly the MMU in a large room and to maneuver around and dock with full-scale targets. The second device is a large-screen television display that provides the trainee with accurate views of tumbling targets from any point in a surrounding sphere up to 300 meters (1000 feet) in diameter. Astronauts used the SOS to train for the mission to retrieve and repair the Solar Maximum satellite in April 1984 and the mission to recover two H-376 communications satellites in November 1984. Subjective comparisons by astronauts of on-orbit MMU performance to simulated MMU performance in the SOS indicate that the simulations are very realistic. Data from the Solar Maximum mission resulted in two software upgrades that increased SOS fidelity for the H-376 recovery mission: a model of contact dynamics between the MMU and a target spacecraft, and a model of forces imparted to the target by MMU thruster plumes impinging on the target during docking. Success of both satellite retrieval missions demonstrates the value of MMU space operations simulations.
Assessment of the Diffusion Battery for Determining Low Concentration Submicron Aerosol Distributions in Microelectronics Clean Rooms
Authors: Locke Bruce , Donovan Robert , Ensor David , Caviness Alton
Published: November 2020

Traditional particle size determinations for aerosols below 0.1 μm diameter have been made by both electrical mobility and diffusional methods. Difficulties in determining particle size spectra in the sub-0.1 μm diameter range arise when air from microelectronics manufacturing cleanrooms is sampled because of the low concentration of particulates and the low sampling rates of currently available instruments. Previously reported data indicate that the differential electrical mobility method does not provide reliable aerosol distributions for concentrations below about 1 particle/cm3. Laboratory and operating cleanroom measurements with the collimated hole diffusion battery gave particle distributions spanning the range from about 0.001 particles/cm3 to 1 × 105 particles/cm3. The low concentration particle spectra in cleanrooms at rest showed peak aerosol concentrations at about 0.1 μm with few particles at sizes below this peak.
A Rectangular Plate as a Proposed Modal Test Structure
Authors: Smallwood David , Gregory Dan
Published: November 2020

Studies show that a rectangular plate can be used for several purposes, such as comparing various modal systems and modal extraction algorithms, comparing test techniques, and training new personnel in these tasks. Efforts to develop a simple structure for comparison of modal systems led to the plate. A structure was desired which would be easy to analyze, have well defined properties, be easy to fabricate, have both widely spaced and closely spaced modes, and have a moderate amount of damping. The plate, which is roughly 53 cm long by 32 cm wide by 2 cm thick, is constructed of polymethyl methacrylate, a material that provides internal damping of 2% to 3% of critical.
Clean Room Classification
Authors: Stokes Konrad
Published: November 2020

Clean rooms are traditionally classified as either laminar flow or mixed flow rooms. Although these two types of rooms operate quite differently, they have generally been used in the same manner, with the same rules applying to both types, on the assumption that there was a unidirectional flow in both types. Experiments have shown that this is not the case in the mixed flow rooms. In some cases vertical counterflows have been shown to carry contaminants all the way to the ceiling of such rooms.

In the dilution controlled clean room concept, the air is sufficiently stirred to achieve good mixing. With a homogeneous concentration of particles in the air, the steady state particle concentration can be calculated. Particle concentration may be controlled by adjusting the air flow to maintain the concentration at a constant value. Under these conditions, only enough air must be circulated to carry away the particles currently being generated. This means that energy consumption is directly related to the particles being generated in the room and is therefore a practical as well as theoretical minimum.
Screening and Tests of Materials for Space Applications
Authors: Scialdone John
Published: November 2020

The outgassing properties of materials and other considerations on materials acceptance for space applications are discussed. The uses of the outgassing data for the evaluation of important performance characteristics of a space system are indicated. The deficiencies and advantages of the ASTM-E595-77 test method and materials acceptance criteria are discussed. Also discussed are the advantages for the selection of the materials and the uses of the data provided by the long-term measurements of the outgassing rates and surface reemission of materials. The paper concludes that the results of the ASTM method with additional derived data on the material properties can be used for the initial evaluation of a space system's characteristics. Materials data on outgassing and re-emission rates at various temperatures obtained from the more expensive, long-term QCM and TGA measurements should be obtained when a detailed analysis of a system is suggested based on the various considerations discussed in the paper.
Monitoring Contamination and Component Cleaning for the Hubble Space Telescope
Authors: McClellan Martin
Published: November 2020

A program was developed for a large aerospace project to monitor airborne particulates and hydrocarbon levels in assembly facilities, to perform quantitative analyses of resultant fallout, and to assess its influence on system performance. This paper discusses the rationale for the varied instrumentation and analytical concepts which provide the basis for this responsive and sensitive monitoring program. In addition, a cleaning process is detailed with its primary consideration given to materials configuration, options for solvent selection, cleaning techniques and cleanliness verification.
Quantitative Count Calibration of Light Scattering Particle Counters
Authors: Peacock Susan , Accomazzo Maura , Grant Donald
Published: November 2020

A precise calibration technique has been developed to generate count calibration data for a variety of light-scattering instruments used in the electronics industry for monitoring particle levels. This new calibration technique uses Polystyrene latex (PSL) spheres of various sizes as a primary challenge source. SEM techniques are employed to compare actual challenge levels to instrument responses. This technique is useful for calibration of both liquid and aerosol optical particle counters. Data on aerosol particle counters are the subject for future presentation. Liquid count calibration data are presented.
Evaluating Clean Room Products for Aerospace Applications
Authors: Keilson Suzanne
Published: November 2020

Large aerospace assemblies, such as the Optical Telescope Assembly (OTA) for the Hubble Space Telescope built by Perkin-Elmer, present a unique challenge to anyone evaluating clean room products for use on these programs. Very stringent requirements for molecular and particulate contamination control are often not taken into account by the manufacturers of clean room products. The realization that extractables of plastic products pose a serious contamination threat to optical assemblies is gaining wider recognition, but even so-called "solvent compatible" products may not meet the requirements of all sensitive payloads. A process is described for evaluating, selecting and monitoring products in the most widespread use—garments, gloves, and wipers. Notwithstanding well-trained, conscientious personnel, items such as garments, gloves and wipers can be used in such a variety of ways that their tolerance for misuse without untoward consequences must be considered. The final selection process must therefore consider both compatibility and durability and, as was discovered, a unique choice is not always possible for all applications.
Derivation of External Store Vibration Test Spectra From Flight Data
Authors: Roberts William
Published: November 2020

The acquisition and subsequent reduction of vibration data from instrumented air-craft-carried weapon systems is discussed in-flight measured data from externally carried stores flown on several different host aircraft is presented and compared with standard vibration test levels. The correlation between overall grms levels and dynamic pressure is shown.