bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caution, preprint! Brief explanations allow non-scientists to differentiate between preprints and peer-reviewed journal articles
Authors: Wingen Tobias , Berkessel Jana , Dohle Simone
Published: April 2021

A growing number of psychological research findings are initially published as preprints. Preprints are not peer-reviewed and thus did not undergo the established scientific quality control process. Many researchers hence worry that these preprints reach non-scientists, such as practitioners, journalists, and policymakers, who might be unable to differentiate them from the peer-reviewed literature. Across 5 studies in Germany and the US, we investigated whether this concern is warranted and whether this problem can be solved by providing non-scientists with a brief explanation of preprints and the peer-review process. Studies 1 and 2 showed that without an explanation, non-scientists perceive research findings published as preprints as equally credible as findings published as peer-reviewed articles. However, an explanation of the peer-review process reduces the credibility of preprints (Studies 3 and 4). In Study 5, we developed and tested a shortened version of this explanation which we recommend adding to preprints. This explanation again allowed non-scientists to differentiate between preprints and the peer-reviewed literature. In sum, our research demonstrates that even a short explanation of the concept of preprints and their lack of peer-review allows non-scientists who evaluate scientific findings to adjust their credibility perception accordingly. This would allow harvesting the benefits of preprints, such as faster and more accessible science communication while reducing concerns about public overconfidence in the presented findings.
Trustworthiness is Distinct from Generosity in Children
Authors: Amir Dorsa , Parsons W. Shelby , Ahl Richard , McAuliffe Katherine
Published: April 2021

Interpersonal trust is a key component of cooperation, helping support the complex social networks found across societies. Trust typically involves two parties, one who trusts by taking on risk through investment in a second party, who can be trustworthy and produce mutual benefits. To date, the developmental literature has focused primarily on the trustor, meaning we know little about the ontogeny of trustworthiness. Whereas trusting can be motivated by self-interest, one-shot trustworthiness is more squarely situated in the prosocial domain, involving a direct trade-off between self-interest and others’ interests. However, this raises the question of whether trustworthiness is distinct from generosity. In this pre-registered study, we examine the origins of trustworthiness using an intuitive version of the Trust Game, in which a first party invests resources in a second party who can split the gains. We recruited N = 118 five-to-eight year-old American children (Mage = 6.94, n = 59 girls, 57% White, 88% of parents with Bachelor’s degree or higher), split between the Trustworthiness condition, where another party’s investment is instrumental for obtaining greater resources, and the Generosity condition, where the other party is a passive recipient. We found that children in the Trustworthiness condition shared significantly more resources than those in the Generosity condition. Further, children in the Trustworthiness condition predicted that the first party expected them to share a greater number of resources. Overall, these results demonstrate that trustworthiness is distinct from generosity in childhood, and suggest that children spontaneously grasp and engage in a key aspect of cooperation.
Navigational experience and the preservation of spatial abilities into old age among a tropical forager-horticulturalist population.
Authors: Davis Helen Elizabeth , Gurven Michael , Cashdan Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

Navigational performance responds to navigational challenges, and both decline with age in Western populations as older people become less mobile. But mobility does not decline everywhere; Tsimané forager-horticulturalists in Bolivia remain highly mobile throughout adulthood, traveling frequently by foot and dugout canoe for subsistence and social visitation. We therefore measured both natural mobility and navigational performance in 305 Tsimané adults, to assess differences with age and to test whether greater mobility was related to better navigational performance across the lifespan. Daily mobility was measured by GPS tracking, regional mobility through interview, navigational performance through pointing accuracy and perspective taking in environmental space, and mental rotation by a computerized task. Although mental rotation and spatial perspective taking declined with age, mobility and pointing accuracy remained high from mid-life through old age. Greater regional mobility was associated with greater accuracy at pointing and perspective taking, suggesting that spatial experience at environmental scales may help maintain navigational performance in later adulthood.
Investigation of abbreviated 4 and 8 item versions of the PTSD Checklist 5
Authors: Price Matthew , Szafranski Derek D. , van Stolk-Cooke Katherine , Gros Daniel F.
Published: April 2021

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant public health concern associated with marked impairment across the lifespan. Exposure to traumatic events alone, however, is insufficient to determine if an individual has PTSD. PTSD is a heterogeneous diagnosis such that assessment of all 20 symptoms is problematic in time-limited treatment settings. Brief assessment tools that identify those at risk for PTSD and measure symptom severity are needed to improve access to care and assess treatment response. The present study evaluated abbreviated measures of PTSD symptoms derived from the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) – a 20-item validated measure of PTSD symptoms – across two studies. In the first, using a community sample of adults exposed to a traumatic event, 4-and 8-item versions of the PCL-5 were identified that were highly correlated with the full PCL-5. In the second, using a sample of combat veterans, the 4-and 8-item measures had comparable diagnostic utility to the total-scale PCL-5. These results provide support for an abbreviated measure of the PCL-5 as an alternative to the 20-item total scale.
Theory-driven Measurement of Emotion (Expressions) in Social Media Text
Authors: Brady William J. , McLoughlin Killian Lorcan , Crockett Molly
Published: April 2021

Sentiment analysis, or the measurement of opinions, attitudes and emotions in text, has exploded in the past 10 years. The number of academic articles published that mention “sentiment analysis” grew from 78 in 2008 to 1,876 in 2018 (Web of Science). This growth brought notable advances in sentiment classification whether it be measuring emotional valence (i.e., negative vs. positive sentiment) or the measurement of discrete, specific emotions (e.g., “anger”). In particular, there has been recent interest in measuring emotion expressions in social media text, as there are now over 3 billion users expressing emotions online on a regular basis. Although there is now a wealth of emotion expression data that exists on social media, only recently have psychological scientists begun to make use of it for the purposes of observational research and psychological hypothesis testing. In this chapter, we aim to provide psychologists with a practical guide for making use of advances in sentiment analysis for the purpose of measuring specific emotions in social media text, and ultimately testing hypotheses. We begin with an examination of the type of emotion-related information researchers can expect to measure in social media text. Next, we present a practical guide for the theory-driven application of supervised machine learning to measure specific emotion expressions on social media using the measurement of moral outrage expression as a case study. We end with considerations for researchers who wish to apply sentiment analysis of social media text for the purposes of psychological hypothesis testing.
The Quest for Simplicity in Human Learning: Identifying the Constraints on Attention
Authors: Galdo Matthew , Sloutsky Vladimir , Turner Brandon
Published: April 2021

For better or worse, humans live a resource constrained existence; only a fraction of the sensations our body experiences ever reach conscious awareness, and we store a shockingly small subset of these experiences in short-term memory for later use. Despite these observations, most theories of learning assume that, given feedback about a new experience, knowledge is updated so as to minimize subsequent errors with minimal consideration of cognitive capacity constraints. Acknowledging that human cognition has clear biological limitations, we explored the degree to which human learning could be better described with sets of biases toward simpler and more parsimonious mental representations (i.e., simplicity biases) relative to an error-driven, accuracy-maximizing normative model. Taking the normative model as a basis, we developed a suite of nested computational models that use various mechanistic simplicity biases to explain learning. We fit these models to four data sets that varied in the type of learning needed to achieve high accuracy. Across all data sets, we found consistent evidence that the best descriptors of human learning were models with mechanisms that instantiated a constrained optimization process, where errors were minimized subject to constraints on both attention and memory. Importantly, whereas normative models failed to account for patterns of attentional deployment over time, models with simplicity biases accounted well for both choice responses and fixation data as participants learned various categorization tasks.
Robustness of Equilibria in Anonymous Local Games
Authors: Kets Willemien
Published: April 2021

This paper studies the robustness of symmetric equilibria in anonymous local games to perturbations of prior beliefs. Two priors are strategically close on a class of games if players receive similar expected payoffs in equilibrium under the priors, for any game in that class. I show that if the structure of payoff interdependencies is sparse in a well-defined sense, the conditions for strategic proximity in anonymous local games are strictly weaker than the conditions for general Bayesian games of Kajii and Morris [11] when attention is restricted to symmetric equilibria. Hence, by exploiting the properties of anonymous local games, it is possible to obtain stronger robustness results for this class.
Introducing Preregistration of Research Design to Archaeology
Authors: Ross Shawn Adrian , Ballsun-Stanton Brian
Published: April 2021

Archaeology has an issue with "just-in-time" research, where insufficient attention is paid to articulating a research design before fieldwork begins. Data collection, management, and analysis approaches are under-planned and, often, evolve during fieldwork. While reducing the amount of preparation time for busy researchers, these tendencies reduce the reliability of research by exacerbating the effects of cognitive biases and perverse professional incentives. They cost time later through the accrual of technical debt. Worse, these practices hinder research transparency and scalability by undermining the quality, consistency, and compatibility of data. Archaeologists would benefit from embracing the "preregistration revolution" sweeping other disciplines. By publicly committing to research design and methodology ahead of time, researchers can produce more robust research, generate useful and reusable datasets, and reduce the time spent correcting problems with data. Preregistration can accommodate the diversity of archaeological research, including quantitative and qualitative approaches, hypothesis-testing and hypothesis-generating research paradigms, and place-specific and generalizing aims. It is appropriate regardless of the technical approach to data collection and analysis. More broadly, it encourages a more considered, thoughtful approach to research design. Preregistration templates for the social sciences can be adopted for use by archaeologists.
The Prominent Historiography as Strengthening the Schools of Fiqh and Sufism
Authors: Thohir Ajid
Published: April 2021

The study of historiography has a great contribution to understand the dynamics of lslamic society in the past both cultural and intellectual. The emergence trend of the persona themes and how many works are coming up that should be conceived as an ideological character which places the important position of figure in the Islamic history. The relationship between a work and the cultural dynamics at any time and space reflects their respective historical work which is highly motivated by the cultural interest complexity. The study of persona in the lslamic historiography occupies a strategic position, particularly in strengthening and forming the schools. in the Islamic world, especially in the field of fiqh and Sufism. The study of biographical persona is not only restricted to thabaqat, tarjamah, and ansâb, but also to the study of persona that leads to the formation of hagiography (Manaqib), putting someone as a top figure of both intellectual and spiritual in the religious world. The Manaqib Book is a symbol in the schools tie and forms a psychological cohesiveness for the disciples of madzhab.
The Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah in Southeast Asia: The Literature of Malay-Indonesia ‘Ulama’ and Reforms
Authors: Azra Azyumardi
Published: April 2021

Muslims in Southeast Asia are overwhelmingly dominant by group of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamaah (Aswaja), the so-called Sunni. They contributed a great deal to the formation of distinct Islamic tradition that can stillibe observed today. In Indonesia, the history of the Aswaja can be considered as the continuous consolidation of orthodoxy which appeared through some successive reforms and santrinization. This consolidation has, of course, played important role for strengthening Malay-Indonesian ulama relationship. This study focusses on the literature used by Malay-Indonesian ulama and reforms performing their idea to their society. This study argues that the Malay-Indonesian ulama were mostly responsible for earliest reforms of Islamic teaching an Muslim life in the archipelago.
HARTA WARIS PADA ANAK ANGKAT MENURUT KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM DI PENGADILAN AGAMA SAMARINDA
Authors: Rokhim Abdul
Published: April 2021

In general, adoption according to law is the transfer of a child to adoptive parents from the biological parents in its entirety and is carried out according to legal local customs. So, the biological parents have let go of the child, and the responsibility shifts to the parents who adopted him. Although the Qur'an does not give adopted children the right to inherit from their adoptive parents, this is regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law which is a human product from various schools of thought and made as a source of law in our country by providing provisions. that adopted children are entitled to receive a share of the inheritance.The legal position of the adopted child will result in that in general the child will have an inheritance relationship with the adoptive parents and inherit from the original parent will be removed based on Article 209 Paragraph 2 Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), adopted children who do not receive a will will be given mandatory will. The position of adopted children according to Islamic inheritance law is not getting their inheritance rights from their adoptive parents, but still as legitimate children based on a court decision by not deciding the lineage / blood with their biological parents, because the principle of adoption according to the Islamic Law Compilation is a manifestation of faith that carrying a humanitarian mission that is manifested in the form of maintenance in its growth and development by fulfilling all its needs.Regarding the distribution of inheritance in the Compilation of Islamic Law Article 209 paragraph (2) for adopted children who do not receive a will but are given what is called a will, obligatory maximum of 1/3 (one third) of the inheritance of their adoptive parents, as stated in Article 195 paragraph (2) will allow a maximum will of only 1/3 of the inheritance unless all the heirs agree.
Current State and Trends of Development of the Agricultural Sector in Ukraine
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Technical University, Piliavoz T. , Hlushchenko L. ,   Vinnytsia National Technical University
Published: April 2021

Annotation. The article analyzes the current state and development trends of the agricultural sector of Ukraine, which has become one of those sectors of the Ukrainian economy that are developing very dynamically in recent years. Thanks to this sphere of the national economy that a significant part of gross added value is created, revenues to the budgets of all levels are formed, foreign exchange revenues from exports grow, and the investment process is actively carried out. The special role of the agricultural sector in the socio-economic life of the country is due to the unique combination of favorable climatic conditions and geostrategic position, the ability of Ukraine to occupy an important place in the international food market. Therefore, the study of the state and development trends of the agricultural sector of Ukraine is relevant. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to research the state and trends of the agricultural sector in the economy of Ukraine. Results. The article identifies the place of the agricultural sector in the country’s economy. The key macroeconomic indicators of the agricultural sector are analyzed. The dynamics of the share of agricultural products in total value added, the share of the rural population in the general structure of the population, the structure of employment of the population of Ukraine by all types of economic activity, as well as the share of the employed population in agriculture. It is determined that one of the urgent problems of the agricultural sector of Ukraine’s economy is to attract investments that are necessary to modernize the industry and ensure its competitiveness. The factors that contribute to attracting investment are identified. The volume of foreign direct investment in the agricultural sector and trends in foreign direct investment in the share capital of the agricultural sector are considered. The main obstacles to intensifying investment processes are highlighted. The financial results of the agricultural sector, the growth trend and the dynamics of profitability of agricultural enterprises are studied. The priority directions of the state regulation of the agrarian sector are offered. Conclusions. Considering the state and development trends of the agricultural sector of Ukraine, we can conclude that the agricultural sector occupies an important place in the economy and plays an important role in the socio-economic life of Ukraine. Taking into account the above areas and sound public policy will contribute to the further development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. Keywords: agricultural sector; dynamics; development; agriculture; agricultural enterprises; investments; areas for improvement.
Priority Threats to Financial Security in the conditions of the Modern Economy Transformation
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Poltorak A. , Kazemyrchyk M. ,   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Polishchuk A. ,   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Introduction. The shadow economy is one of the main threats to the financial security of the state. Strengthening Ukraine’s economy is impossible without reducing the level of shadowing. Official data show that at the beginning of 2020 more than a quarter of GDP is in the shadows, but the real level of shadowing, in our opinion, is much higher. Purpose. The aim of the article is to deepen the theoretical and methodological foundations of substantiation of priority threats to financial security in the conditions of transformation processes in the modern economy, clarification of the optimal method of calculating the shadow economy in Ukraine and monitoring the impact of the shadow sector on financial security of Ukraine. Results. It was found that the system of threats to the financial security of Ukraine includes trends, phenomena and factors that actually or potentially complicate or make it impossible to preserve national values ​​in the financial sphere and the realization of national interests of Ukraine. Threats to security conditions are considered as certain factors or factors that create a danger, namely the existing and objective probability of negative impact on a complex system. Our own view on the classification of factors influencing the level of financial security is presented. It is noted that most often the factors influencing the level of financial security are interrelated, causing cyclical poverty and a permanently low level of financial security. It is analyzed that today the level of the shadow economy is 25-50%. To create the necessary conditions for reducing the level of the shadow sector of Ukraine’s economy, it is necessary to carry out a number of tax reforms, transformations in the banking system (to increase non-cash transactions, create an open database of NBU and MFIs), anti-corruption measures and more. Systematizing the methodological approaches to the assessment of the shadow sector, it was found that the main methods of assessing the level of the shadow sector are: public expenditure – retail trade; electric; unprofitable enterprises; monetary; method of minimal shadow economy. Conclusions. It is proved that the level of financial security of the state decreases with increasing level of shadow economy. This is due to the reduction of the tax base and, consequently, to the reduction of tax revenues to the budgets of all levels. Keywords: financial security; financial security of the state; financial security of households; transformational economy; shadow economy.
Priority Types of the Enterprise Logistic Activities for Outsourcing
Authors:   University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, Sokoliuk K. , Lyashenko A. ,   University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Introduction. The article examines the services of logistic outsourcing from the point of view of Ukrainian manufacturing companies, analyzes the results of the survey, compares them with global trends. It was determined that Ukrainian companies use logistic outsourcing less often than companies in other regions of the world. Also, the most often outsourced fields were identified. Purpose. Analysis of logistics outsourcing services from the viewpoint of Ukrainian manufacturing companies and comparison of survey results based on the survey with global trends. Results. It was found that from the list of enterprise groups classification (micro, small, medium, large) all categories use the services of freight forwarding companies. The following types of logistic processes are most often outsourced: transportation, lease and maintenance of equipment, warehousing, logistic chain optimization. It was found that among other countries in the study of third-party logistics, Ukraine occupies the lowest position in the usage of outsourcing services in logistics. The reasons for outsourcing logistic processes in logistics are significant: lack of own resources and capacity, cost reduction. The relationship between causes and logistic processes has shown that in order to reduce logistic costs in the enterprise it is necessary to outsource transportation. Conclusions. Statistical research has shown a small relationship between the areas of logistic outsourcing and the main causes of outsourcing of logistic activities. Therefore, it is not appropriate to say that some logistical measures should be outsourced and others should not. The mixed system, which combines the usage of own and third-party production facilities, is the most suitable for most Ukrainian manufacturing companies Keywords: logistics, outsourcing, third-party logistics, transport, warehousing, supply chain management, optimization, respondent, survey.
A New Look at the Classification of Non-current Tangible Assets During a Crisis
Authors:   Rivne Professional College of National University of life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Hnatiuk Alla
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Introduction. Creation of an efficient property management system is one of the main problems for the enterprise management system. The effectiveness of such a system is directly determined by the quality of information used for management. Among the tasks, which an economic entity faces, a special place is occupied by the classification of objects of accounting. Financial and tax indicators depend on its solution at a particular enterprise. In order to properly organize the economic activity of an enterprise, it is needed to know what funds it has and in what these funds are invested (placed). Therefore, the division of enterprise resources into separate groups is necessary to understand and summarize the accounting information used for financial statements. Purpose. To ensure the usefulness of information on the availability of non-current tangible assets, which is provided to users in the way of classification, the article defines the qualitative characteristics of the classification of non-current tangible assets (relevance, objectivity, reliability, content, comparison) and studies their essence. Results. The research suggests a critical assessment of existing approaches to the criteria for grouping non-current tangible assets in order to define differences between them. This has made it possible to clarify the content of the criteria for recognizing non-current tangible assets as assets of the enterprise (criteria of economic benefit, value reliability, and control). This clarification deepens the understanding of the nature of non-current tangible assets as objects of accounting. Conclusions. The research has investigated the classification of non-current tangible assets from the normative-legal and scientific points of view. It has summarized the criteria applied in accordance with domestic and foreign legislation for the classification of non-current tangible assets. The research has substantiated the importance of improving the existing classification of such assets for accounting purposes. The research has also improved classification of non-current tangible assets according to the following criteria: the ability to bring economic benefits (long-term, immature) and the method of use in the production process (consumed, fruitful), which will significantly improve the structuring of enterprise assets. Keywords: classification; resources; criteria; non-current tangible assets; fixed assets; long-term biological assets.
Impact of Inflation on Banks’ Performance
Authors:   Odessa National University of Economics, Sergeeva Elena
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Introduction. Researchers and banking practitioners pay considerable attention to the analysis of the impact of inflation on the banking sector. The statement of the scientists as to the nature of inflation, corresponding to the modern development of the economic processes, is an approach to the origin of inflation based on the imbalance in money supply and demand. Purpose. During 2014-2017, the political and economic crises in Ukraine led to imbalances in the main macroeconomic proportions, which negatively affected the development of the banking system and, as a result, caused rising of the inflation rate, cash outflow, increasing dollarization and declining purchasing power. Inflation processes had a negative impact on the banks’ performance, namely, the rise in inflation reduced lending and interest income and increased interest expenses, what, therefore, reduced banks’ net interest income. Results. While assessing the impact of inflation on the banks’ performance, it was determined that 2019 was a year of the banks’ performance record. According to the statistics, when the inflation rate fell to record low of 4.05%, BSU’s profit in 2019 reached a historic high: solvent banks received UAH 58.36 billion of net profit, which is 2.7 times higher than the previous year historical record. Thus, the implementation of the NBU’s stimulating monetary policy contributes to the achievement of the projected social and economic goals of the society and is an essential factor in ensuring the stability of the banking system, creating the appropriate basis: price stability and low inflation in the long run. Conclusions. According to the results of the analysis, it is possible to state that in 2020 and in the coming years, due to the qualitative monetary policy of the NBU and a decrease in inflation, there is a reason to expect an increase in net profit of the banking system in Ukraine. This positive trend will renew the banking sector in Ukraine, which will lead to its profitability and efficiency. Keywords: inflation, inflation component, inflation targeting, monetary policy, banks’ performance, lending.
The Institutional Financial Market’s Infrastructure: Theoretical and Practical Aspects
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Sirenko Natalia , Bodnar Olena ,   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Shyshpanova Nataliia ,   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Introduction. The relevance of the study is conditioned to the significant influence of modern financial markets on the real economy and social development as a whole. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to generalize the theoretical provisions for determining the model of the financial market, highlighting the elements of the financial market infrastructure, analysis of the development of the domestic financial market. Results. We have done the characteristic of the current stage of the financial system’s and financial market’s development. Denotes the inhomogeneity of the existing theoretical approaches to the definition of a financial market and its structural classification, with emphasis on the importance of the institutional component. We have done the analysis of the different models (types) of the financial system and financial markets and the factors determining the use of these models in different countries. Background of selection of so-called mixed model of the financial system in Ukraine are systematized, when equal opportunities and rights, with no serious legislative restrictions and financial transactions are carried out banking and non-banking financial institutions. The current stage of development of the domestic financial market is characterized by a dominant share of universal banks, but the industry non-bank financial institutions has also received its development, which generally creates a competitive environment for all market participants. At the same time, certain non-bank credit institutions, recently appeared on the market and very dynamic, require special attention from the mega-regulator. Conclusions. In this regard, we have done the conclusion about the need to improve legislation in the field of financial markets and to ensure an acceptable level of control. Keywords: financial market; financial system; banking and non-banking financial institutions.
Management of Professional Development of Scientific and Pedagogical Workers in the System of Higher Education
Authors:   Communal Institution of Higher  Education «Dnipro Academy of Continuing Education» Dnipropetrovsk Regional Council», Sokolova Elmira
Published: April 2021

Annotation. Introduction. In the article the main trends in the professional development of scientific and pedagogical workers of Ukraine in 2019-2020 were analyzed. Approaches to defining the concept of “professional development” are based on updated legal documents and scientific sources. The system of professional management development is considered as a priority task of modern higher education, which provides a continuous process of improvement and acquisition of new professional and key competencies of research and teaching staff in order to comply with European standards of educational services quality. Purpose. The aim of the study is to identify features of dynamic changes in the system of professional development of research and teaching staff in 2019-2020, to clarify the factors and forecast further development based on the updated regulatory framework, the formation of general mechanisms for managing professional development. Results. The formed approaches to definition of a trajectory, a direction, planning, and system of the organization of professional development of scientific and pedagogical workers of higher education institutions reflect conformity to public inquiries and requirements. The obtained results contributed to the qualitative analysis of the system of professional development of scientific and pedagogical workers on the example of the Dnipro Academy of Continuingl Education. Conclusions. The article proposes ways to improve and diversify the management system of professional development of scientific and pedagogical workers of higher education institutions, namely the creation of a unit of professional development, development of regulations, implementation of systematic control and analytical activities, stimulation and motivation of scientific and pedagogical workers to professional growth. Trajectories, job responsibilities, interests and needs, specifications of personnel management development, application of strategic planning technology are displayed. Keywords: scientific and pedagogical employees; professional development; advanced training; internships; innovation management.
Praktik Pemberian Makanan dan Praktik Kesehatan dengan Kejadian Balita dengan Gizi Kurang
Authors: Sir Siti Gabena , Aritonang Evawany Y. , Jumirah Jumirah
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan praktik pemberian makanan dan praktik kesehatan pada balita yang memiliki status gizi kurang di Desa Sekip, Kecamatan Lubuk Pakam, Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 100 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik kluster dan teknik acak sederhana (gulungan kertas). Data yang dihasilkan dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square (α = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan balita yang mengalami kejadian kurang gizi sebanyak 34% sedangkan praktik pemberian makan dan praktik kesehatan yang diterapkan ibu kepada anak balita sebagian dikategorikan tidak baik yaitu 56 orang (56%) dan 54 orang (54%). Simpulan ada hubungan antara praktik pemberian makan dan praktik kesehatan terhadap gizi kurang pada balita.

Kata Kunci: Balita, Gizi Kurang, Praktik Kesehatan, Praktik Pemberian Makan
English Language Teachers' Perceptions and Practices on Learner Autonomy in Nepalese Context
Authors: Bhattarai Prakash
Published: April 2021

Learner autonomy is the ability and responsibility of learners to take control of their learning. Motivation, the chance to work independently and/ or collaboratively, access to the internet and library, and challenging tasks promote learner autonomy. This study explores English language teachers' perceptions and practices on learner autonomy and finds the difference in the perceptions and practices by their sex, level, qualification, and type of school they teach. One hundred thirty-three (133) teachers teaching at Tulsipur Sub-metropolitan Dang, Nepal, were selected using the fishbowl technique. Data drawn with the questionnaire's help were analysed via univariate (frequency, percentage, and median) and bivariate (t-test and Cohen's d) analysis. From the analyses, it was found that English language teachers teaching at different levels are aware of the what, why, and how of learner autonomy, and they promote learner autonomy by engaging and encouraging students to be involved in the tasks which promote learner autonomy. Perceptions on learner autonomy do not differ by their sex, level, qualification, and type of school they teach. Likewise, practices on learner autonomy also do not differ by the sex and level of the teachers, but their practices differ by the type of school where they teach and their qualification.
Наукові дослідження патологоанатомів України: досягнення та перспективи розвитку
Authors: Hrynzovska Anastasiia
Published: April 2021

Міжнародна науково-практична онлайн-конференція «Наукові дослідження патологоанатомів України: досягнення та перспективи розвитку»22-23 квітня 2021 року
Gestión humana y la innovación en las mypes de calzado - Perú 2019
Authors: Salinas-Gamboa José German , Rodríguez-Benítez Robert Antony
Published: April 2021

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre la Gestión humana y su influencia en la innovación de las Mypes del sector calzado de la ciudad de Trujillo - Perú, 2019. El tipo de estudio es relacional, siendo la muestra de 289 encuestados, aplicándose dos cuestionarios validados por juicio de expertos y para contrastar la hipótesis se utilizó el diseño pre experimental porque se trabajó con dos variables gestión humana e innovación, aplicándose la prueba estadística de Chi cuadrado para determinar la influencia entre las variables siendo su valor p < 0.05. La relación entre ambas variables por tanto es significativa, constatándose la hipótesis formulada, concluyendo que la gestión humana se relaciona con la innovación en las Mypes del sector calzado de la ciudad de Trujillo - Perú, 2019.
Comparing Geothermal Heat Pump Systems to Conventional HVAC Systems in Hot and Humid Climates
Authors: De Tapia Claudia Duran , Harper Christofer M.
Published: April 2021

Geothermal heat pump (GHP) systems are more concentrated to moderate climate regions, although the potential for GHP systems in hot and humid climates is possible as past research efforts have demonstrated this using simulations and commercial case examples. This research investigates the use of residential GHP systems for the hot and humid climate found in southern Louisiana. The authors collected field performance information, including initial system cost, and electricity consumption and costs from two residential case studies in which each case included one home with a conventional heating and cooling system and one home with a GHP system. Using a comparative analysis and analysis of variance, results illustrate that initial cost of GHP system in the first case was $13,285 more and the second case was $17,588 more than the installation costs of a conventional system. Further, the GHP system payback period depends on the whether the design uses a horizontal or vertical ground loop, and the designer and contractor’s quality and experience in performing the GHP work as the first case resulted in a payback period of 70 years while the second case had a payback period of only seven years. Findings show that when an appropriate installation occurs, GHP system can save consumption and energy costs for residential homes in hot and humid climates.
Community Behavior on Reproductive Health in Medan Johor, Indonesia
Authors: Siti Saidah Nasution
Published: April 2021

The aim of the health promotion is to increase awareness and the individual willingness to have a healthy life for everyone to achieve an optimal degree of public health. The government’s programs in improving positive behavior and reproductive health in the community, especially maternal and infant health, is one of the priorities. Current health problems are focused on the high rates of maternal and infant mortality. This is related to the lack of preparation for couples before marriage and family such as early marriage. The government's initiative to declare pre-marriage as a condition for marriage in 2020 must be socialized and supported by all parties. This research is a descriptive study that aims to describe people's behavior about reproductive health, especially the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents. youths and girls about reproductive health in Medan Johor District. The population is all young people and girls in the Medan Johor sub-district. The sample of teenagers and young people gathered in the Karang Taruna Medan Johor region. Data collection using a questionnaire, which consists of demographic data, knowledge data, and attitudes related to reproductive health. Univariate data analysis used distribution and presentation frequency. The results of the research on knowledge of youth and girls about reproductive health are generally in the low category, namely around 56.4%. The negative attitude is around 62.2%. Health workers must be able to optimize their role in providing health education to the public, especially about reproductive health.
Perbedaan Efektivitas Ekstrak Sarang Semut Terhadap Daya Hambat Enterococcus faecalis Sebagai Bahan Irigasi Saluran Akar
Authors: Eva Andy Fairuz Zuraida , Astuti Lilies Anggarwati , Arifin Fadil Abdillah , Aslan Sarahfin , Syam Syamsiah , Muthalib Adelya Awdya
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan: Bahan irigasi yang biasa digunakan berasal dari bahan kimia dapat memberikan efek samping yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan obat tradisional. Penggunaan bahan yang berasal dari alam dapat dijadikan pilihan sebagai alternatif bahan irigasi saluran akar karena beberapa dari bahan tersebut dapat bersifat menghambat pertumbuhan (bakteriostatik) maupun membunuh bakteri (bakterisid). Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui hubungan Ekstrak Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendens) sebagai bahan irigasi saluran akar dengan daya hambat bakteri Enterococcus faecalis. Bahan dan Metode: Menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratorium. Bentuk penelitian berupa Post test only control group design dan pengambilan sampel dengan Purposive Sampling menggunakan 4 perlakuan dan 5 kali pengulangan. Uji statistik menggunakan One Way Anova. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan diameter zona inhibisi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Enterococcus faecalis pada ekstrak tanaman sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens) konsentrasi 25% sebesar 21,10 ± 0,18. Hasil pada ekstrak tanaman sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens) konsentrasi 50% sebesar 23,47 ± 0,24. Uji statistik memperoleh nilai signifikan p = 0,000 <? = 0,01. Kesimpulan: Hipotesis alternatif penelitian ini diterima dan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan ekstrak tanaman sarang semut konsentrasi 25% dan konsentrasi 50% sebagai bahan irigasi saluran akar yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Enterococcus faecalis.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Tanaman Sarang Seut Terhadap Daya Hambat Bakteri Fusobacterium nucleatum (In Vitro)
Authors: Anas Risnayanti , Astuti Lilies Anggarwati , Hasanuddin Nur Rahmah , Pamewa Kurniaty , Chotimah Chusnul
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan: Periodontitis didefinisikan sebagai penyakit radang pada jaringan pendukung gigi yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme spesifik yang mengakibatkan kerusakan progresif ligamen periodontal dan tulang alveolar. Periodontitis dimulai setelah akumuluasi bakteri gram-negatif anaerob dalam plak subgingival, Fusobacterium Nucleatum merupakan bakteri anaerob gram negatif yang menghuni rongga mulut dan dapat memainkan peran penting dalam pembentukan biofilm gigi dan penyakit periodontal. Tumbuhan Sarang Semut juga mengandung senyawa-senyawa kimia dari golongan fenolik seperti Flavonoid dan Tannin yang memiliki kemampuan sebagai antiinflamasi, antibakteri, antioksidan, dan antivirus dan selain itu obat herbal efektif dalam mengendalikan plak, mikroba di gingivitis, penyembuhan luka, dan periodontitis. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak etanol tanaman Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia Pendens) terhadap daya hambat bakteri Fusobacterium Nucleatum. Bahan dan Metode: Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini fusobacterium nucleatum dan tanaman sarang semut dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80%. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode True Eksperimental Laboratorium dengan Post Test Only Control Design. Hasil: Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan bahwa larutan ekstrak etanol tanaman Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendens) konsentrasi 20% memiliki rata-rata zona daya hambat bakteri 17,10 mm dengan besar standar deviasi 1,07 mm, konsentrasi 40% memiliki rata-rata diameter zona daya hambat bakteri 19,24 mm dengan standar deviasi0,35 mm, konsentrasi 60% memiliki rata-rata diameter zona daya hambat bakteri 19,90 mm dengan standar deviasi 0,22 mm, dan konsentrasi 80% memiliki rata-rata diameter zona daya hambat bakteri 21,91mm  dengan standar deviasi 2,20 mm. Kesimpulan: Ada efektivitas ekstrak etanol tanaman Sarang Semut dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60% dan 80% dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Fusobacterium Nucleatum.
Media Komunikasi, Informasi dan Edukasi Terhadap Pengetahuan Anak Sekolah Dasar Tentang Kesehatan Gigi Mulut
Authors: Ilmianti Ilmianti , Mattulada Indrya Kirana , Aldilawati Sari , Aslan Sarahfin , Febriany Mila , Hamka Muh. Mursyid
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan: Kesehatan yang perlu diperhatikan selain kesehatan tubuh secara umum, adalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut.  Pengetahuan tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut secara tidak langsung akan menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Media komunikasi informasi dan edukasi yang terdiri dari media visual, audio, dan audio-visual merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mencegah masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Tujuan: untuk memberikan gambaran dan gagasan dari hasil literatur review media komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan anak sekolah dasar tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Bahan dan Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review. Literatur yang digunakan berupa jurnal, teksbook, dan laporan kasus yang dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan pencarian seperti Google Scholar, Science Direct, NCBI, dan Proquest.

Pencarian kata kunci yang dimasukkan, jika telah memenuhi kriteria maka judul dari jurnal tersebut terpilih untuk dianalisis. Hasil: Menggunakan media komunikasi, informasi dan edukasi yang menarik dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan anak sekolah dasar tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Media komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi pada anak merupakan media yang menarik dan sesuai dengan tahap perkembangan anak khususnya anak usia sekolah dasar. Pendidikan kesehatan gigi dengan menggunakan media komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi yang menarik dapat meningkatkan status kesehatan gigi dan mulut.  Kesimpulan:  Media komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi sesuai dengan kemajuan teknologi multimedia seperti media visual, media audio, dan media audio-visual dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan anak sekolah dasar tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut.