bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengelolaan Penginapan “Family Ngebel” dalam Perspektif Etika Bisnis Islam
Authors: Kusnul Ana Solikah  , Iza Hanifuddin
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the implementation of management, attitudes and steps of the owner in managing sharia-based lodging and the implications of the owner's philosophy and efforts with sharia principles on the development of Family Lodging. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach. This type of research is field research. This study shows that the management of the family accommodation has been going well and under the values ​​contained in Islamic law. They start by planning, organizing, implementing and monitoring. In the implementation, the manager provides friendly service and a polite appearance. In terms of organization, the manager has a simple organizational structure. In addition, the manager also supervises by evaluating employees. The steps taken by the owner in managing lodging with sharia principles are shown by not providing access to pornography and immoral acts, providing adequate equipment and facilities for worship, designing rooms with three, two, and one lousy cover and without ornaments that lead to polytheism. The implications of applying sharia-based management attitudes and steps to the development of Family Lodging include that the number of consumers has increased significantly from year to year. They are evidenced by the presence of guests who become regular customers.
Implementasi UU Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam dalam Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Anak Pasca Perceraian di Ponorogo
Authors: Hafit Ibnu Malik  , Agus Purnomo
Published: July 2022

Children are the most sacrificed figures in divorce, whether they lack love or material fulfilment. This qualitative research with descriptive-analytical research type with the theory of legal effectiveness aims to analyze the implementation and implications of Article 41 of Law No. 1 of 1974 Article 156 of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) on the fulfilment of children's rights after divorce in Ponorogo. The results of this study indicate that the judge who decided on case number 1657/Pdt.G/2019/PA.PO and case number 1371/Pdt.G/2019/PA.PO was appropriate and in line with its implementation and its impact on a father to remain fulfilled or provide a living or the rights of their children according to their abilities. This means that the decision is carried out in accordance with what is in the law and is carried out entirely by the litigants so that the decision is effective in its implementation.
Image Life Trails Based On Contrast Reduction Models For Face Counter-Spoofing
Authors: Katika Balaji Rao , Karthik Kannan
Published: July 2022

Natural face images are both content and context-rich, in the sense that they carry significant immersive information via depth cues embedded in the form of self-shadows or a space varying blur. Images of planar face prints, on the other hand, tend to have lower contrast and also suppressed depth cues. In this work, a solution is proposed, to detect planar print spoofing by enhancing self-shadow patterns present in face images. This process is facilitated and siphoned via the application of a non-linear iterative functional map, which is used to produce a contrast reductionist image sequence, termed as an image life trail. Subsequent images in this trail tend to have lower contrast in relation to the previous iteration. Differences taken across this image sequence help in bringing out the self-shadows already present in the original image. On a client specific mode, when subjects and faces are registered, secondary life trail differential statistics which capture the prominence of self-shadow information, indicate that planar print-images tend to have highly suppressed self-shadows when compared with natural face images. A simple statistical model leading to an an elaborate tuning procedure, based on a reduced set of training images was developed to first identify the optimal parameter set corresponding to a specific dataset and then adapt the feature-vectors so that the error-rates were minimized. Overall mean error rate for the calibration-set (reduced CASIA dataset) was found to be 0.3106% and the error rates for other datasets such OULU-NPU and CASIA-SURF were 1.1928% and 2.2462% respectively.
Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine MVC-COV1901 in Taiwanese adolescents: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial
Authors: Huang Li-Min , Liu Luke Tzu-Chi , Chiu Cheng-Hsun , Chiu Nan-Chang , Tan Boon-Fatt , Lin Chien-yu , Cheng Hao-Yuan , Lin Meei-Yun , Lien Chia-En , Chen Charles
Published: July 2022

Adolescents and children play important role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission and epidemiology. MVC-COV1901 is a subunit SARS-CoV-2 vaccine based on stabilized spike protein adjuvanted with CpG 1018 and aluminum hydroxide that has been approved for use in adults in Taiwan. In this study, we have investigated the safety and immunogenicity of two doses of MVC-COV1901 in adolescents. Healthy adolescents from age of 12 to 17 years were randomly assigned to receive two intramuscular doses of either MVC-COV1901 or placebo at 28 days apart. Adverse events were mostly mild and were similar in MVC-COV1901 and placebo groups with the most commonly reported adverse events being pain/tenderness and malaise/fatigue. All immunogenicity endpoints in the adolescent group were non-inferior to the endpoints seen in the young adult and placebo groups. The results here advocate the use of MVC-COV1901 in adolescents in the ongoing efforts to control the pandemic.ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04951388.
Estimation of nonadditive and additive genetic effects on growth traits of Horro cattle
Authors: Goshu Habtamu Abera
Published: July 2022

The estimation of nonadditive genetic effects plays a significant role in the accuracy of estimated breeding values of growth traits. Data for genetic estimation of individual and maternal heterosis of crossbreed cattle in Ethiopia are limited to research institutions and universities. This paper aims to estimate the crossbreeding effects on the growth performances of Holstein FriesianxHorro and JerseyxHorro crosses in Ethiopia. The data used in the study included pedigree and weight data of animals born between 1980 and 2008. Heritability of growth traits were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood (ASREML). However, the additive, maternal, and heterosis effects of the crosses were estimated using the crossbreeding effects (CBE3) package and fitting Kinghorn’s Model one for growth traits. The direct and maternal heritability estimates for one-year weight, for the best model, which included the direct maternal covariance were 0.77±0.12 and 0.26±0.09, respectively. Individual heteroses estimated for Jersey and Holstein Friesian were significantly high and positive for one year weight (21.6±6.7 and 26.0±3.9 kg), pre-weaning average daily gain (27.4±26 and 28.9±15 g), and post-weaning average daily gain (68.8±16.6 and 61.8±9.9 g), respectively. The maternal additive effect for growth traits was mostly positive; therefore, it may be preferable to use crossbred cows resulting from purebred dams instead of using crossbred cows from crossbred dams. Significantly higher heterosis and additive parameters in Holstein Friesian x Horro crosses showed that crossbreeding of Horro with Holstein Friesian may be advisable in the areas of Horro cattle breeds occupied.
Extreme Rainfall Event Analysis Over the State of Himachal Pradesh in India
Authors: GOUDA KRUSHNA CHANDRA , Rath Sudhansu S , Singh Nidhi , Ghosh Sayanta , Lata Renu
Published: July 2022

The extreme rainfall events are very localized and intense events witnessing heavy rainfall resulting in flash floods and landslides in the Himalayan region. The trend of EREs in the Himachal basin shows an increasing trend, so in this study, an attempt is being made for quantifying the climatological feature of these EREs in the state of Himachal Pradesh in the western Himalayan Mountain region using the multi-source observed data sets for the long-term period i.e., 1901 to 2020. The climatology analysis indicates northern and southern part of the state receives comparatively more rainfall and the state witnessed a decreasing trend of the rainfall in the current decade. The classification of these EREs in terms of monsoon and non-monsoon with a different threshold of daily rainfall is being analyzed and it is found that almost 90% of extreme events are observed in the monsoon season. The zone centered around 32.5oN and 76.25oE is seems to be the hotspot for the frequent EREs in the mountainous state. The spatial analysis of the ERE trend also indicated that almost 40% of the state witnesses the heavy rainfall throughout the years. This observational study will surely help in understanding the dynamics of these ERE in the higher altitude regions and can be a good input for the hydro-meteorological disaster management and mitigation.
Prognostic role of Quantification of Circulating RNA (PDGFRβ) Fragments as Tumor Markers in serum of Patients with Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Babaei Ali , Doust Hadi Mohammad , Dashti Vahid , Rezapour Taha Mohammad , Mohammadi Fatemeh Nour , Raeisalsadati Seyedehsara , Salimi Alireza , Abbaspour Alireza , Salarinia Reza
Published: July 2022

Background: Very deadly esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, with a wide distribution in Iran and China and with poor overall survival. Most EC patients are at the metastatic stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. So, effective non-invasive biomarkers are still needed for the early diagnosis of this malignancy. In this study, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) was selected for further validation as a candidate biomarker for EC diagnosis and prognosis.Methods: Serum from 83 individuals (33 patients with EC and 50 normal volunteer controls) were collected. RNAs of the specimens were extracted and their levels of PDGFRβ gene expression were measured by real-time PCR.Results. The results demonstrated that the expression of PDGFRβ in the sample of the case group is higher in comparison with the control group (fold change= 1.12 ،p=0.03).Conclusions. According to our results, the evaluation of serum RNAs including beta-platelet-derived growth factor receptor mRNA could help to achieve a non-invasive, rapid diagnostic method and ultimately earlier treatment of EC. Further studies in this field are necessary to find the appropriate diagnostic and differential pattern of esophageal cancer.
Investigating the rationale for COPD maintenance therapy prescription across Europe, findings from a multi-country study
Authors: Kocks Janwillem , Ferreira António , Schayck Onno van , Ekroos Heikki , Tzanakis Nikolaos , Soulard Stéphane , Haaksma-Herczegh Monika , Mestres-Simon Montserrat , Águila-Fuentes Malena , CATALDO Didier
Published: July 2022

This study aims to understand healthcare professionals’ thoughts and motivations about optimal management and treatment of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). We conducted a DELPHI survey through an online questionnaire distributed to 220 panellists from six European countries and a discrete choice experiment to describe the relationship between selected clinical criteria and the initial COPD treatment of choice. 127 panellists (general practitioners [GPs] and pulmonologists) completed the survey. Despite the familiarity and use (89.8%) of the GOLD classification for initial treatment selection, a frequent use of LAMA/LABA/ICS was noted. In fact, panellists agreed that inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are over-prescribed in the primary care setting. Our study showed that GPs felt less confident than pulmonologists with ICS withdrawal. This mismatch observed between best practice and behaviour indicates the need to increase awareness and efforts to improve the adherence to guidelines in clinical practice.
HOXA11-OS participates in lupus nephritis by targeting miR-124-3p mediating Cyr61 to regulate podocyte autophagy
Authors: Pan Xiuhong , Chen Shanshan , Shen Ruiwen , Liu Sen , You Yanwu
Published: July 2022

Background: The long chain non-coding RNA HOXA11-OS was recently identified. Increasing studies have shown that HOXA11-OS has regulatory effects on genes in gastric cancer, prostate cancer, and various kidney diseases, but research on its role in systemic lupus erythematosus is still lacking. The present study aimed to investigate the role of HOXA11-OS in the regulation of podocyte autophagy in the development of lupus nephritis (LN) and its potential molecular mechanism.Methods: mRNA and protein expression levels of the target gene (i.e., Cyr61) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Mouse podocytes were induced using serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) from patients with lupus and their viability was detected using the cell counting kit-8 assay. The interaction of miR-124-3p with HOXA11-OS and Cyr61 was analyzed by double luciferase reporter gene assay. Serum autoantibody levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pathological lesions in kidney tissue were detected by hematoxylin-eosin and periodate Schiff staining. The independent samples t-test was used for comparing two groups, and one-way analysis of variance for comparing multiple groups.Results: HOXA11-OS was highly expressed in LN tissues, serum, and cells, and the expression levels of some key autophagy factors and Cyr61 were significantly increased, while miR-124-3p was significantly decreased. In vitro, LN-IgG inhibited podocyte activity, increased autophagy and Cyr61 expression, and aggravated podocyte injury in a time and dose dependent manner. As a competitive endogenous RNA of miR-124-3p, HOXA11-OS promoted the expression of Cyr61, thus enhancing the autophagy increase induced by LN-IgG and aggravating podocyte injury. Knockdown of HOXA11-OS had the opposite effect. miR-124-3p mimic or Cyr61 knockdown restored the high expression levels of autophagy factors and Cyr61 induced by HOXA11-OS overexpression, and alleviated podocyte injury. Further in vivo experiments showed that injection of sh-HOXA11-OS adeno-associated virus downregulated HOXA11-OS and significantly alleviated renal damage in lupus mice.Conclusions: HOXA11-OS is involved in the occurrence and development of LN by regulating podocyte autophagy through miR-124-3p/Cyr61 sponging, which may provide a good potential therapeutic target for LN.
The effect of postoperative early lumbar drainage on delayed fever after cerebellopontine angle tumour surgery: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yunze , Wu Yingxi , Wu Yang , Zhu Gang , Xue Yafei , Qu Yan , Zhao Tianzhi
Published: July 2022

Background: Postoperative fever is one of the common complications in neurosurgery, and intracranial aseptic inflammation and infection are important risk factors. Continuous drainage of cerebrospinal fluid（CSF）via lumbar drainage (LD) is often used in the treatment of postoperative intracranial infection or aseptic inflammation. Compared with the previously reported placement of LDs after the onset of meningitis symptoms, we designed this randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of early drainage (1st day postoperation) of CSF using the preset lumbar cistern to prevent delayed fever or reduce its treatment time after cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumour surgery.Methods: Patients suffering from CPA tumours and who underwent resection of the tumour with an intraoperative dura opening time >4 h were recruited for this study. The study is a 2-arm RCT to compare an intervention group receiving postoperative early LD and standard postoperative care to a control group receiving standard postoperative care only. The duration of fever in patients with delayed fever after operation, as the main outcome, will be compared in the two groups.Discussion: Here, we present the study design of a prospective RCT to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using preoperative preset LD to treat or reduce postoperative delayed fever.Trial registration: www.chictr.org.cn identifier: ChiCTR2100049057; registered on July 20, 2021.
Intraoperative hepatic subcapsular spider-like telangiectasia sign for the definitive diagnosis of biliary atresia
Authors: Zhang Kaizhi , Jin zhu , Tang Yan , Liu rui , Zheng Zebing , Tang Chengyan , Liu Yuanmei
Published: July 2022

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative hepatic subcapsular spider-like telangiectasia (HSST) sign for differentiating biliary atresia (BA) from other causes of hepatic cholestasis.Methods: The data of 69 patients with jaundice treated from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on intraoperative cholangiography (IOC), the patients were divided into two groups: BA group (n = 49) and non-BA group (n = 20). The biochemistry tests, liver ultrasound, liver stiffness and HSST sign of the two groups were compared.Results: The incidence of abnormal gallbladder, elevated γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GGT) >182.0U/L and abnormal liver stiffness (>6.4kPa) in BA group were significantly higher than those in non-BA group (P < 0.001). The HSST sign was present in all BA patients and not found in non-BA group. The area under receiver operating curve of direct bilirubin, γ-GGT, abnormal gallbladder, liver stiffness value and HSST sign were 0.53, 0.84, 0.78, 0.96, and 1.00, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of HSST sign in the diagnosis of BA were all 100%.Conclusion: Presence of HSST sign on diagnostic laparoscopy or laparotomy is highly suggestive of BA. If the HSST sign is present on laparoscopy, then IOC can be avoided.Type of study: Retrospective studyLevel of evidence: Level III
A pan-cancer exploration of kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A)'s oncogenic activity in human tumors
Authors: Liu Xiaojun , Du Yiqun , Zhang Jian
Published: July 2022

Background: Increasing evidence has revealed that kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) is highly expressed in a variety of cancers and is related to the occurrence and prognosis of cancer. However, a pan-cancer analysis has not been performed.Methods and results: Based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases, we clarified the expression of KIF20A in 33 tumor types using a series of bioinformatics analyses. KIF20A is highly expressed in the majority of malignancies, and there were distinct connections between KIF20A expression and pathological stage and prognosis in tumor patients. KIF20A overexpression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with certain cancers, such as adrenocortical carcinoma, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and brain lower grade glioma. The associations of KIF20A expression with immune cell infiltration, including the levels of infiltrating B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells, varied among tumors. Moreover, we found a positive association between KIF20A expression and cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration in patients with esophageal carcinoma (ESCA), mesothelioma (MESO) and thyroid carcinoma (THCA). In addition, we identified five genes, KIF2C, KIF23, CDC25, CCNB1 and DLGAP5, whose expression was positively related to KIF20A expression.Conclusions: This pan-cancer study provides a comprehensive understanding of KIF20A's oncogenic functions in a variety of human tumors.
The Effects of Artificial Light at Night on Behavior of Eastern Mosquitofish in, Iran
Authors: Barzegar Hossein , Pourebrahim Sharareh , Zahed Mohammad Ali , Hadipour mehrdad
Published: July 2022

83 percent of the world's population live in light-polluted areas, of which 40 percent live in places that are continuously lit by “ALAN (Artificial Light at Night)”. The light pollution caused by “ALAN” is growing day by day. Thus, the risk of environmental damages is growing in aquatic areas by increasing the “ALAN”. In this way this research, investigates the artificial light at night “ALAN” effect on Gambusia Holbrooke “mosquitofish” in Iran. To obtain the ALAN data, we relied on the information of the operational linear satellite scanning data related to the Metrological Defense Satellite Program (DMSP/OLS). the data provided by the DMSP satellite were belonged to 1992 and 2013 as images. The images were clipped by the geographical information systems (GIS), the images were classified into five classes based on the light pollution intensity. Afterward, the changes of light pollution by area and were calculated and reported. The aim of this research is to examined the effect of ALAN on the G. holbrooki. Two types of treatments were provided for G. holbrooki: control and ALAN treatments. In both treatments, fishes were kept for 60 days, and after that period, their shoaling and hiding behaviors were examined and recorded by a web camera. The results indicated that by increasing the ALAN, especially near the coastlines, the risk of harmful effects on G. holbrooki could be increased. The findings suggested that the ALAN might influence G. holbrooki behavior. The shoaling behavior of the ALAN treatments samples revealed that the time spent shoaling individually at night and during the day was decreased. As a result, in the hiding behavior experiment, G. holbrooki moved less at night after ALAN exposure but did not hide, indicating that the fish are unlikely to swim away or hide when exposed to light at night. As a result, they may be more vulnerable to predation.
Spatial variation and inequities in antenatal care coverage in Kenya, Uganda and mainland Tanzania using model-based geostatistics: a socioeconomic and geographical accessibility lens
Authors: Macharia Peter M. , Joseph Noel K. , Nalwadda Gorrette Kayondo , Mwilike Beatrice , Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi , Benova Lenka , Johnson Olatunji
Published: July 2022

Background: Pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experience the highest levels of maternal mortality and stillbirths due to predominantly avoidable causes. Antenatal care (ANC) can prevent, detect, alleviate, or manage these causes. While eight ANC contacts are now recommended, coverage of the previous minimum of four visits (ANC4+) remains low and inequitable in SSA. Methods: We modelled ANC4+ coverage and likelihood of attaining district-level target coverage of 70% across three equity stratifiers (household wealth, maternal education, and travel time to the nearest health facility) based on data from malaria indicator surveys in Kenya (2020), Uganda (2018/19) and Tanzania (2017). Geostatistical models were fitted to predict ANC4+ coverage and compute exceedance probability for target coverage. The number of pregnant women without ANC4+ were then computed. Prediction was at 3 km spatial resolution and aggregated at national- and district-level for sub-national planning. Results: About six in ten women reported ANC4+ visits, meaning that approximately 3 million women in the three countries had less than ANC4+ visits. The majority of the 366 districts in the three countries had ANC4+ coverage of 50-70%. In Kenya, 13% of districts had <70% coverage, compared to 10% and 27% of the districts in Uganda and mainland Tanzania, respectively. Only one district in Kenya and ten districts in mainland Tanzania likely met the target coverage. Six percent, 38%, and 50% of the districts had at most 5,000 women with 20,000 women having <ANC4+ visits were 38%, 1% and 1%, respectively. In many districts, ANC4+ coverage and likelihood of attaining the target coverage was lower among the poor, uneducated and those geographically marginalized from healthcare. Conclusions: These findings will be invaluable to policymakers for annual appropriations of resources as part of efforts to reduce maternal deaths and stillbirths.
Microplastics in Some Freshwater Wild and Farmed Fish Species of Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Nahid , Tista Rafsana Rahman , Islam Muhammad Saiful , Begum Mahmuda , Islam Shanzida , Naser M. Niamul
Published: July 2022

In today's world, microplastic contamination of aquatic systems is a subject of major concern. In this study, the incidence of microplastics in freshwater fish from both farmed and wild sources was evaluated. Wild catla (Gibelion catla), stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis), rui (Labeo rohita), tengara catfish (Mystus tengara) and pabdah catfish (Ompok pabda) were collected from Padma river, Turag river and Bhairab river. Farmed fishes of same species were collected from Mymensingh and Chandpur fish markets. 68 (43.6%) microparticles out of 156 were identified as microplastics using ATR-FTIR. 66.67% (20 out of 30) of farmed fish sample had microplastics in their digestive system, while 88.4% (23 of 26) of wild fish sample presented microplastics. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in average microplastic count between wild and farmed fish. Average microplastic count also showed significant difference among five fish species (p<0.01). A broader variety of polymer types was observed polyethylene being the most abundant followed by polyester, polypropylene, polyamide-6 and polyurethane. This study suggests that microplastic contamination is ubiquitous and contamination is common in all of the fish species investigated, independent of their origin (wild or farmed). However, wild fish population is at a greater risk of high contamination of microplastics. This study, for the first time ever, reports plastic pollution in freshwater fishes of Bangladesh from wild and farmed sources.
Enhanced aramid/Al2O3 interfacial properties by PDDA-modification for the preparation of composite insulating Paper
Authors: Lv Fangcheng , lu Xiuquan , Song Jingxuan , Zhu Meiying , Wang Shenghui , Xu Yuqin , Chang Xiaobin
Published: July 2022

For further improve the electrical insulation properties of meta-aramid paper(PMIA), polydimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) was used for the modification of nano-Al2O3 in this work. The modified products were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and liquid Zeta potential. The original and PDDA modified nano-Al2O3 was doped into the aramid fiber composite, and the effects of PDDA and filler mass fraction on several properties such as electrical conductivity, breakdown strength and surface charge dissipation rate of insulating paper were studied. Finally, the interfacial properties of the composites were investigated using molecular dynamics (MD). The results showed that PDDA was successfully coated on the surface of nano-Al2O3, and its surface potential was changed from negative to positive, which could improve the interface characteristics between filler and matrix and enhance the dielectric strength of aramid paper. Besides, saturation effect of PDDA modification was observed, and when the amount of PDDA was 10% and the content of modified nano-Al2O3 was 3%, the breakdown strength of aramid paper was increased by 20%, and the volume conductivity was decreased by 68%. The simulation result revealed that PDDA could improve the insulation performance of aramid paper by reducing the interfacial binding energy between aramid and filler.
Age- and sex-based changes in spike protein antibody status after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and effect of past-infection in healthcare workers in Osaka
Authors: Hoshida Shiro , Koeda Nobuyuki , Hattori Hideki , Tanaka Masahiro , Tanaka Ichiro , Fukui Hiroyuki , Fujita Junya , Sasaki Yo , Tamura Shigeyuki
Published: July 2022

Objective
We aimed to compare the changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titres based on age group and sex using paired blood sampling after vaccination in association with the presence of nucleocapsid protein antibody.
Methods
All participants were healthcare workers at Yao Municipal Hospital in Osaka who voluntarily provided peripheral blood samples (n = 636, men/women 151/485, mean age 45 years). We investigated the serial changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titres at one and seven months after the second vaccination regarding their relationship with sex and age group. At seven months, we also examined anti-nucleocapsid assays.
Results
Among participants younger than 30 years, the antibody titres of spike protein were significantly higher in women one (p = 0.005) and seven (p = 0.038) months after vaccination. However, among those aged 30 to 49 years, the antibody titres were not different between the sexes at either follow-up time point. In contrast, among those aged 50 to 59 years, between-sex differences in antibody titres were observed only at seven months, which was associated with a significant reduction in men. A significant positive correlation was observed between the antibody titres for spike protein at both time points (r = 0.645, p < 0.001), although a significant negative correlation was observed in participants with positive nucleocapsid protein antibody at seven months (r=-0.467, p = 0.043).
Conclusions
Between-sex differences in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titres by paired blood sampling at different time points after vaccination depended on age group. The presence of nucleocapsid protein antibody was associated with changes in spike protein antibody titres after vaccination.
Novel method to detect target specimens within endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy samples: an experimental study
Authors: Matsumoto Kazuya , Ueki Masaru , Ichino Kunio , Tsuka Takeshi , Uehara Kazutake , Takeda Yohei , Onoyama Takumi , Kawata Soichiro , Kurumi Hiroki , Koda Hiroki , Yamashita Taro , Okamoto Yoshiharu , Sasaki Shigeo , Isomoto Hajime
Published: July 2022

Background
Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (EUS-FNB) enhances the diagnostic capabilities of EUS by providing additional pathological samples. However, detecting the target specimens within the collected samples can be challenging. This study determined the most appropriate wavelength for detecting target specimens within EUS-FNB samples in an animal experiment.
Methods
EUS-FNB pancreatic tissue samples were collected from a male beagle (weight, 10 kg). The samples were illuminated with monochromatic light of varying wavelengths at 5-nm intervals from 430 to 700 nm. Optimal wavelengths for distinguishing target specimens within samples were determined.
Results
Transmitted monochromatic light at a wavelength of 605 nm effectively enhanced the contrast between target specimens and blood in EUS-FNB samples. The strengths of the target specimen and blood samples were quantified and analyzed using densitometry in images obtained by irradiating at each wavelength. The contrast between target specimens and blood samples peaked at 600–605 nm.
Conclusions
Microscopical observations using transmitted light at a wavelength of 605 nm effectively identified target tissues within EUS-FNB samples.
Do people perceive benefits in the use of social prescribing to address loneliness and/or social isolation? A qualitative meta- synthesis of the literature
Authors: Liebmann Margaux , Pitman Alexandra , Hsueh Yung-Chia , Bertotti Marcello , Pearce Eiluned
Published: July 2022

Social prescribing is a means of linking individuals who have psychological, social and/or practical needs with non-clinical services within their local community. There is a lack of empirical evidence investigating whether social prescribing helps such individuals and which interventions are the most effective and accepted by them to address their loneliness. This meta-synthesis aimed to synthesise findings from qualitative studies exploring experiences of people (of any age) who participated in any social prescribing intervention aimed at loneliness and/or social isolation to ascertain whether they felt it helped address loneliness/isolation and the potential mechanisms by which this might occur. We conducted a systematic search of 5 electronic databases and 4 grey literature databases in April 2021 to identify qualitative articles on this topic written in English or French. We assessed the quality of the included studies using recognised tools, and synthesised findings using the approach of thematic analysis. We identified 19 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Our analysis identified three themes: (1) increased sense of wellbeing (with six subthemes), (2) factors that engendered an ongoing desire to connect with others, and (3) perceived drawbacks of social prescribing. These themes illustrate the benefits and difficulties people perceive in social prescribing programmes addressing loneliness and social isolation, with an overall balance of more benefits than drawbacks in social prescribing participation. However, given the unhelpful aspects of social prescribing identified by some participants, greater thought should be given to potential harms. Moreover, further qualitative and quantitative research is needed to better understand mechanisms and effectiveness, and how different components of social prescribing might be best matched to individual participants.
Effectiveness of Palbociclib in Combination with Fulvestrant in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic, Hormone Receptor Positive, Her2-Negative Breast Cancer: a Real-World Study from Colombia
Authors: Alarcon Alejandra , Castano Natalia , Reyes Juan Manuel , Matiz Giovanna , Moran Diego , Brugés Ricardo , Lombana Milton , Manneh Ray , Gutierrez Eduardo
Published: July 2022

Objective
To evaluate progression free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced or metastatic, hormone receptor positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer treated with palbociclib in combination with fulvestrant as second or later lines of treatment. Method: An observational, retrospective study with cohorts in 11 sites in Colombia, extracted from the medical records of women who began treatment between February 2018 and August 2019. Index date was first prescription, and patients were followed until they experienced disease progression, death, treatment discontinuation, were lost to follow-up, or until 12 months of follow-up, whichever occurred first. Kaplan Meier were used to estimate PFS.
Results
Sixty-nine patients who received at least one dose of the drugs were included in the analysis. Median follow-up was 10.81 ± 3.18 months, mean age was 61.2 ± 11.14 years and 96.3% were postmenopausal. At the time of starting treatment, 52 were in stage IV, with 59 with > 2 sites of metastasis. All patients started on palbociclib 125 mg. 23 reported discontinuation, 10 of them permanently but none due to neutropenia. Clinical benefit rate was 69.35%, and median PFS was not achieved at 12 months. One death was reported due to disease progression.
Conclusion
Effectiveness of Palbociclib for patients with HR+/HER2- advanced or metastatic breast cancer treated with palbociclib in combination with fulvestrant as second or later lines of treatment in Colombia is consistent with the efficacy observed in clinical trials while maintaining a good safety profile. Implications for practice: Real-world data from Colombia for the first time indicates the combination of palbociclib + fulvestrant is associated with high levels of effectiveness in women with HR+/HER2- advanced or metastatic breast cancer, even in third or later lines of treatment. Although neutropenia was frequent and, in some cases, clinically significant, no patients required permanent treatment discontinuation due to this event. All of the adverse effects resolved without sequelae, and no deaths due to this cause were seen. This confirms an adequate safety profile for the drug combination.
Human movement-mediated energy harvesting and weight sensing using flexible N-carbon dot loaded PVDF nanocomposite
Authors: Sarkar Debmalya , Das Namrata , Saikh Md. Minarul , Biswas Prosenjit , Roy Shubham , Paul Sumana , Hoque Nur Amin , Basu Ruma , Das Sukhen
Published: July 2022

This work reports a flexible and wearable nanocomposite made of nitrogenous carbon dot (N-CD) modified PVDF (PCD) nanocomposite assisted piezoelectric device (PPNCD) that can harvest different forms of mechanical energy and convert them into electrical energy. The efficacy of this device is dependent upon its ‘sandwiched’ structure made of PCD nanocomposite wrapped with aluminum electrodes on both sides. Herein, the polarizability of the PCD nanocomposite has a great contribution to the total output performance of the device. The polarizability of the film has been measured by using a standard density functional approach. The piezoelectric coefficient (d33) has also been calculated, which is found to be 29 pC/N. Such augmented electrical parameters and enhanced piezoelectric coefficient are further utilized to fabricate the PPNCD device, which is capable to detect human body movements efficiently and can act as a weight sensor with a sensitivity of 10.2 V/kPa (up to 0.5 kPa). Moreover, this device provides a power density of 1979.87µWcm− 3 and exhibits an exceptional output performance (VOC ~ 80V) under periodic finger impartations in comparison to other carbon based piezoelectric nanogenerators. The PPNCD device can illuminate 15 blue /white LEDs and charge a 2.2 µF capacitor within a few seconds under continuous finger impartations. Additionally, the incorporation of N-CDs makes the PCD film photoactive in the visible range of the spectrum (470 nm), which can have a significant impact on future photodetectors and sensors. Such a multifunctional device could be a promising candidate for both healthcare monitoring systems and their power supplies.
Use of virtual reality compared to the role-playing methodology in basic life support training: a two-arm community-based randomised trial
Authors: Pedrosa Fígols , Pérez Antolí Barra , Vidal-Alaball Josep , Miro-Catalina Queralt , Arcarons Anna Forcada
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Virtual reality (VR) is a technology that allows us to replace our real environment with one created with digital media. This technology is increasingly used in the training of healthcare professionals, and previous studies show that the involvement and motivation of students who participate in activities that use VR increases compared to those who undergo training with the traditional methodology. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the learning curve of the students using a VR environment, to evaluate the satisfaction with the training activity and the cost, and to compare them with training that uses role-playing methodology.Methodology. Two-arm community-based randomised trial. The control arm will base the training on the usual role-playing methodology. The second arm or intervention arm will base the Basic Life Support (BLS) training on a VR programme.Results. Statistically significant differences are observed in the percentage of correct answers in favour of the group that used virtual reality as a learning methodology in the test taken at the end of the course. These differences disappear when comparing the results of the test performed at six months. The satisfaction rating of the role-playing training activity has a score of 9.37 out of a total of 10 and satisfaction with the VR methodology has a score of 9.72. The cost analysis shows that the cost of training a student by role-playing is 32.5 euros and, if trained by VR, it is 41.6 euros.Conclusions. Virtual reality is a tool that allows the consolidation of a greater amount of knowledge in the short term and can be used for situations such as pandemics, where traditional formats are not available. In relation to student satisfaction with the training activity, the rating in both groups is very high and the differences are minimal. The results will be directly applicable to the decision making of BLS training in Central Catalonia in relation to the scheduling of training activities that use the VR methodology in an uncertain environment.
Grafting of poly(stearyl acrylate) on cellulose fiber as 3D-printable HDPE composites
Authors: Barba Enguerrand , Mietner J. Benedikt , Navarro Julien R.G.
Published: July 2022

This paper aimed to produce a bio-based filament, suitable for 3d printing (Fused Deposition Modeling), made of surface modified cellulose fiber and high density polyethylene. The cellulose fiber (CF) were first surface modified and transformed into a CF-based macroinitiator through an esterification reaction with the 2-Bromoisobutyric acid. We finally study the ability of this CF-based macroinitiator to initiate a Single Electron Transfer-Living Radical Polymerization (SET-LRP) with an hydrophobic monomer: the stearyl acrylate. The grafting of poly(stearly acrylate) onto the cellulose fiber is strongly increasing the adhesion, compatibility of the modified fiber with the hydrophobic host matrix (HDPE). Finally, the resulting hydrophobic fibers were extruded with the high density polyethylene (HDPE) through a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder, yielding a bio-based filament suitable for FDM 3d printing. The successful surface modifications, such as the correct incorporation of the modified fiber into the thermoplastic matrix, were characterized through ATR-FTIR, 13C CP-MAS NMR, FE-SEM, and mechanical testing. Throughout those characterization techniques, it could be concluded that this surface modification significantly improves the compatibility of the fibers with HDPE. Finally, the 3D printing properties of the composite were tested and compared to those of pure HDPE through the 3d printing of simples objects. It was concluded that the printability of the composite made with poly(stearyl acrylate)-grafted cellulose overcome the problem (shrinkage, warpage, print fidelity) meet with the printing of pure HDPE.
A Simple Model for Algal Photosynthesis for Better Light Utilization with Flashing Light
Authors: Mahulkar Amit , Patil Smita , Khopkar Avinash , Kirdat Nitin , Banerjee Arun , Griffin Thomas , Sapre Ajit
Published: July 2022

Photobioreactors (PBRs) demonstrating very high bio-productivity involve a complex interaction between biomass density, light path, light intensity, and timescales of random cell movement. This work presents a new reactor model capable of simulating the effects of the above-mentioned parameters on the biomass productivity of a PBR. The work presented in this paper includes (i) development of photosynthesis model based on occupancy of charge carriers associated with the linear electron transport chain of photosystem-II, (ii) tuning and validation of the kinetics model using flashing light data reported in the literature, and (iii) reactor model development by integrating kinetics with a simple flow depiction including the effect of boundary layer thickness. For the first time, the role of the boundary layer in determining the productivity of PBRs is elucidated.
Characteristics and predictors of mortality in patients with severely exacerbated COPD with acute respiratory failure
Authors: Hong Wei-Cheng , Yin Chun-Hao , Hsu Chien-Wei , Chen Jin-Shuen , Chen Yao-Shen
Published: July 2022

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with high mortality when acutely exacerbated. However, the mortality may be higher in patients needing mechanical ventilation due to severely exacerbated COPD with acute respiratory failure. Hence, we performed a cohort study to investigate the predictors in these patients.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients diagnosed with exacerbated COPD with acute respiratory failure, who had been treated with invasive mechanical ventilation or noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV). We included patients admitted to our hospital, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital in Taiwan, from January 2011 to December 2021. Patients were excluded if they were aged below 20 years or had incomplete clinical or laboratory test data.Results: We found that the 30-day in-hospital mortality rate was 20% after ventilation in patients with severely exacerbated COPD with acute respiratory failure. Patients with age ≥70 years (P: 0.007, adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.21, 95% confident interval (CI): 1.25–3.92), shock (P < 0.001, aOR: 4.39, 95% CI: 2.26–8.55), high serum lactate > 4 mmole/L (P: 0.008, aOR: 2.82, 95% CI: 1.31–6.07), PaCO2 < 50 mmHg (P: 0.003, aOR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.33–4.14), and NIPPV (P < 0.001, aOR: 4.24, 95% CI: 2.29–7.84) were independent predictors for higher 30-day in-hospital mortality rate in stepwise logistic regression analysis.Conclusions: We identified clinical predictors of mortality in patients with severely exacerbated COPD with acute respiratory failure. Age ≥70 years, shock, high serum lactate > 4 mmol/L, PaCO2 < 50 mmHg, and NIPPV were associated with higher 30-day in-hospital mortality rates in these patients.
Diversity of RNA viruses of three dominant tick species in North China
Authors: Qin Tong , Shi Mingjie , Zhang Meina , Liu Zhitong , Sun Yi , Yi Sun
Published: July 2022

[Background] A wide range of bacterial pathogens have been identified in ticks, yet the diversity of viruses in ticks is largely unexplored.[Methods] Here, we used metagenomics sequencing to characterize the diverse virome in these three species, Haemaphysalis concinna, Dermacentor silvarum, and Ixodes persulcatus, the principal tick species associated with pathogens transmitted in North China.[Results] A total of 28 RNA viruses were identified and belonged to more than 12 viral families, including single strand positive sense RNA virus (Flaviviridae, Picornaviridae, Luteoviridae, Solemoviridae and Tetravirus), negative sense RNA virus (Mononegavirales，Bunyavirales and others) and double strand RNA virus (Totiviridae, Partitiviridae). Of them, Dermacentor pestivirus like virus, Chimay like rhabdovirus, taiga tick Nigecruvirus, Mukava virus are presented as novel viral species, Nuomin virus, Scapularis ixovirus, Sara tick borne phlebovirus, Tacheng uukuvirus, Beiji orthonariovirus had been established as human pathogens with undetermined natural circulation and pathogenicity. Others virus including Norway mononegavirus 1, Jilin partitivirus, tick borne tetravirus, Pico-like virus, luteo-like virus 2, luteo-like virus 3,Vovk virus, Levivirus and others Toti-like virus and Solemo-like virus involved with unknown pathogenicity to human and wild animals. [Conclusion] Extensive diverse of viruses frequently occur in two orders of Mononegavirales and Bunyavirales in the three tick species. Comparatively, I. persulcatus ticks had significant higher viral species than those in H. concinna and D. silvarum ticks. Our analysis revealed that ticks are reservoirs for a wide range of viruses and suggests that discovery and characterization of tick borne viruses will have implications for viral taxonomy and may provide insight into tick-transmitted viral zoonotic diseases.
Does replacing chemical fertilizer with ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) mitigate CH4 and N2O emissions and reduce global warming potential from paddy soil?
Authors: Yang Wei , Yao Lai , Ji Xueru , Zhu Mengzhen , Li Chengwei , Li Shaoqiu , Wang Bin , Liu Zhangyong , Zhu Bo
Published: July 2022

(Purpose)The incorporation of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.; RG), a winter grass manure, could partly replace chemical N and reduce N loss during the succeeding rice seasons, but little is known about its impact on greenhouse gas emission. This study investigated the effect of different RG-urea substitution ratios (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) on C and N release, CH4 and N2O emissions in a paddy soil. (Methods)Gas samples for CH4 and N2O fluxes measurement were collected by using a closed chamber and determined by chromatograph method. C and N release from the incorporated RG residue were tested by a mesh bag method.(Results)C and N release from RG followed a single exponential decay model, with 95.5%-97.8% of the original C and 98.7%-99.3% of N released during 192 days. RG-urea substitution ratio increased CH4 emission, but was negatively correlated with N2O emission. In comparison with 0% substitution, global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) were not significantly different for the 25% and 50% RG substitutions, but were significantly higher for the 75% and 100% substitutions (P<0.05). Soil redox, C and N remaining in litter residue were key characteristics explaining CH4 emission, while NH4+-N and NO3--N concentrations were correlated with the variation of N2O emission.(Conclusion)The increased CH4 emission by RG incorporation could be offset by the reduced N2O emission when RG-urea substitution ratio was 50% or less.