bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DENSITY EFFECTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH MAJOR FLAME CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED FIRE TOLERANT TREES IN SOUTH-EAST NIGERIA: A LOOK AT OVEN AND SUN DRIED TIMBERS
Authors: Okafor V. N. , Okafor U. W. , Anyalebechi R. I. , Obiadi M. C. , Obiefuna J. N. , Okonkwo C. P.
Published: August 2020

Physical and flame characteristics of fifteen tree species in South-East Nigeria were investigated. The tree species Daniellia oliveri, Anacadium occidentale, Vitex doniana, Lonchocarpus griffonianus, Gmelina arborea, Nauclea latifolia, Tectona grandis, Mangifera indica, Delonix regia, Newbouldia laevis, Azadirachta indica, Dialium guineense, Terminalia superba, Manilkara obovata and Irvingia gabonensis were identified and named by taxonomists. The aim was to investigate the effects of oven and sun dried densities of timbers on major flame characteristics (ignition time, flame propagation rate, after glow time, flame duration and ash formation) and to establish timber density relationship with the flame properties. Physical properties (density and moisture content) and flame characteristics of all the timbers were carried out using their respective standard methods. Oven and sun dried densities of timbers ranged from 0.39 to 0.97 and 0.45 to 1.16 g/cm3 respectively. Moisture content of oven and sun dried timbers ranged from 8.02 to 11.56% and 8.15 to 11.65 % respectively. The range of values for ignition time were (3.00-10.00) seconds for oven dried timbers and (5.00-10.00) seconds for sun dried timbers. Flame propagation rate ranged between 0.15 and 0.27 cm/s and from 0.09 to 0.25 cm/s for oven and sun dried timbers respectively. The values for flame duration ranged from 12.00 to 56.00 seconds for oven dried timbers and 7.00 to 45.00 seconds for sun dried timbers. Afterglow times of oven and sun dried timbers ranged from 70.00 to 267.00 and 19.00 to 188.00 seconds respectively. Ash formation values ranged from 0.19 to 2.38 and 0.25 to 2.46 % for oven and sun dried timbers respectively. Combustion/pyrolysis pattern of oven and sun dried timbers on exposure to fire was similar. Density related to flame propagation rate, although, for the denser hard woods above 0.60g/cm3 and 0.70g/cm3 for oven and sun dried timbers respectively, this dependence was less straight forward. The flame characteristics of the oven dried timbers compared favourably with sun dried timbers and showed that ignition time, flame duration, afterglow time and ash formation have no clear relationship with timber density.
PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF VOCS EMISSION IN OPEN DUMPSITE USING GENERALIZED LINEAR MODEL
Authors: Ighodaro A. , Okuo J. M. , Okuonghae D.
Published: August 2020

Ambient air quality assessment and regulations plays an important role in air quality management. Forty-five (45) air samples were collected for both wet and dry season of the year (October 2016- September 2017). The air samples were collected by passive sampler (Drager ORSA 5). The samples were analyzed for VOCs, PM2.5 and some elements according to standard methods. In this study, a method to predict aromatic VOCs concentrations in the urban outdoor environment was developed based on the Generalized Linear Models (GLM). The method is based on the relationship developed between atmospheric concentrations of air pollutants and meteorological variables (i.e. ambient temperature, relative humidity and wind speed). The developed GLM model considers VOCs concentrations as a dependent variable, and PM2.5 pollutants and meteorological parameters as explanatory independent variables. A comparison of obtained prediction with observed values showed that the developed model indicated good performance in estimating VOCs concentration. It should be mentioned that the puissance of the model developed is a function of the covariates. This observation suggest that the model with predicted meteorological variables can be engage in environmental management system were data are not readily available. Keywords: VOC, Generalized Linear Models (GLM), Open Dumpsite, Benin City
One-Sided Dual Schemes
Authors: Шишкин А.Б.
Published: September 2020

Феномен двойственности наблюдается во всех областях математики и тесно связан с феноменом эквивалентности. Эти феномены дополняют друг друга и используются для переноса различных математических высказываний из одной области математики в другую и наоборот (двойственные и эквивалентные переходы). Основное отличие двойственности от эквивалентности состоит в использовании инволюции. Инволюция объекта - это преобразование объекта с подобным ему обратным преобразованием. Прямую и обратную инволюции принято отождествлять и говорить о повторной инволюции. Повторная инволюция объекта восстанавливает объект. Любая инволюция порождает свою двойственность, которая утверждается соответствующей теоремой двойственности. Теоремы двойственности являются двусторонними. Они позволяют осуществлять двойственные переходы в одну и другую стороны. Ослабим условия на инволюцию и будем считать, что ее повторное действие восстанавливает объект лишь наполовину (вместо равенства получаем неравенство). В этом случае для полного восстановления объекта потребуются уже две такие инволюции. Настоящая статья посвящена ослабленным (односторонним) инволюциям. В качестве таковых рассматриваются вполне изотонные отображения (они определены во втором разделе). Свойства этих отображений и их условно обратных отображений позволяют осуществлять половинчатые двойственные переходы - переходы лишь в одну сторону. Теоремы двойственности, утверждающие возможность таких переходов, мы называем односторонними схемами двойственности. Содержание работы представляет собой попытку подвести под все возможные односторонние схемы двойственности единую математическую базу, позволяющую переформулировать каждую из них в соответствии с единым стандартом. Такую возможность представляет возникшая в условиях теории спектрального синтеза в комплексной области трактовка двойственных переходов как переходов от инъективного (внутреннего) описания одних математических объектов к проективному (внешнему) описанию других математических объектов. Инволюции, используемые в односторонних схемах двойственности, в~свою очередь являются односторонними, и налагаемые на них ограничения существенно слабее. Это приводит к существенному расширению области возможного применения двойственных схем в~исследовательской практике.
Unconditional Bases in Radial Hilbert Spaces
Authors: Исаев К.П. , Юлмухаметов Р.С.
Published: September 2020

Рассматривается гильбертово пространство целых функций $H$, удовлетворяющее условиям: 1) пространство $H$~--- функциональное в том смысле, что точечные функционалы $\delta _z: \, f\rightarrow f(z)$ являются непрерывными при каждом $z\in \mathbb{C}$; 2) пространство $H$ устойчиво относительно деления, т.~е. если $F\in H$, $F(z_0)=0$, то $F(z)(z-z_0)^{-1}\in H$; 3) пространство $H$ радиальное, т.~е. если $F\in H$ и $\varphi \in \mathbb R$, то функция $F(ze^{i\varphi })$ лежит в~$H$, причем $\|F(ze^{i\varphi })\|= \|F\|$; 4) полиномы полны в $H$ и $\|z^n\|\asymp e^{u(n)},$ $n\in \mathbb N\cup \{0\},$ где последовательность $u(n)$ удовлетворяет условию $u(n+1)+u(n-1)-2u(n)\succ n^\delta ,$ $n\in \mathbb N,$ для некоторого $\delta >0$. Из условия 1) следует, что каждый функционал $\delta _z$ порождается элементом $k_z(\lambda )\in H$ в смысле $\delta _z(f)=(f(\lambda ),k_z(\lambda )).$ Функция $k(\lambda, z)=k_z(\lambda )$ называется воспроизводящим ядром пространства~$H$. Базис $\{ e_k,\ k=1,2,\ldots\}$ в гильбертовом пространстве называется безусловным базисом, если найдутся числа $c,C>0$, такие, что для любого элемента $x=\sum \nolimits _{k=1}^{\infty } x_ke_k\in H$ выполняется соотношение
$$
c\sum _{k=1}^\infty |c_k|^2\|e_k\|^2\le \left \|x \right \|^2\le C\sum _{k=1}^\infty |c_k|^2\|e_k\|^2.
$$
В статье излагается метод конструирования безусловных базисов из значений воспроизводящего ядра в таких пространствах. Эта задача восходит к двум тесно связанным между собой классическим задачам: представление функций посредством рядов экспонент и интерполяция целыми функциями.
Оn a Space of Holomorphic Functions on a Bounded Convex Domain of ${\mathbb C}^n$
and Smooth Up to the Boundary and its Dual Space
Authors: Мусин И.Х.
Published: September 2020

В работе рассматривается локально выпуклое пространство
функций, голоморфных в ограниченной выпуклой области многомерного
комплексного пространства и гладких вплоть до границы, с топологией,
определяемой счетным семейством норм, образованных при помощи
семейства ${\mathfrak M}$ логарифмически выпуклых
последовательностей положительных чисел специального вида. Благодаря
условиям на указанные последовательности данное пространство
является пространством Фреше - Шварца. Изучается задача описания
сильного сопряженного для этого пространства в терминах
преобразования Лапласа функционалов. Интерес к ней связан с
исследованиями Б. А. Державца классических проблем теории линейных
дифференциальных операторов с постоянными коэффициентами,
А. В. Абанина, С. В. Петрова и К. П. Исаева современных проблем
теории абсолютно представляющих систем в различных пространствах
функций, голоморфных в выпуклых областях комплексного пространства,
с заданной граничной гладкостью, при решении которых важную роль
сыграли полученные ими теоремы типа Пейли - Винера - Шварца.
Основной результат работы, полученный в теореме 1, утверждает, что
преобразование Лапласа линейных непрерывных функционалов
устанавливает изоморфизм между сильным сопряженным к
рассматриваемому функциональному пространству и некоторым
пространством целых функций экспоненциального типа в ${\mathbb C}^n
$, представляющим собой внутренний индуктивный предел весовых
банаховых пространств целых функций. Отметим, что в рассматриваемом
случае удалось получить аналитическую реализацию сопряженного
пространства при меньших ограничениях на семейство ${\mathfrak M}$
по сравнению с работой автора 2002 г.
Основу доказательства теоремы 1 в настоящей работе составляют схема,
предложенная М. Наймарком и Б. А. Тейлором, и ряд предыдущих
результатов автора.
Translation of Trendy Expressions as Extralinguistic Culture-bound References: the Case Study of If You Are The One
Authors: Xie Ying
Published: September 2020

Since it was introduced into Australia from China in 2013, the Chinese-to-English subtitled dating game-show If You Are The One (Fei Cheng Wu Rao / 《非诚勿扰》) has been maintaining its super high ratings on the Australian national TV station SBS for all these years. The frequently appeared trendy expressions in IYATO, as the concentrated embodiment of Chinese popular culture, are the significant and inevitable difficulties to the interlingual subtitling of the show. On the premise that the trendy expressions in the text are regarded as Extralinguistic Culture-bound References (ECRs) (Pedersen, 2005, 2011), by employing the systematic translation strategy and influencing parameter proposed by Jan Pedersen (2005, 2011) for rendering and analyzing ECRs in audiovisual works, this paper aims to investigate the specific solution adopted by the subtitler in the translation of typical trendy expression cases in the latest season of the show, so as to bring inspiration and reference to the Chinese-to-English interlingual subtitling of the language-intensive shows in the future.
PEMBUATAN BIOBRIKET ARANG BERBASIS TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN AMPAS TEBU SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF YANG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Giyanto Giyanto
Published: September 2020

Briquettes are solid fuels that can be used as alternative energy. This research aims to determine the optimal ratio of raw materials with adhesive content at about 10% constantly. The stages of this research were as follows: 1) Sampling of raw materials, 2) Drying and decomposition of raw materials, 3) Carbonization Process, 4) Milling. 5) Composition Treatment, 6) Pressing and quality analysis of briquettes. The data of this research were obtained by measuring calorific value, moisture content, ash content, density, compressive strength and combustion rate. The ratio between empty bunch : bagasse respectively was depended on 100%: 0%, 75%: 25%, 50%: 50%, 25%: 75%, 0%: 100%. The Parameters of treatments were calorific value, moisture content, ash content, density, compressive strength, and combusition rate to find out the best parameters. The result of this research show that the combination of empty bunch and baggase gave the effect to the qualities. The highest calorific value was showed in the ratio empty bunch : baggase (100% : 0%) with average HHV value; the lowest average of moisture content ; the lowest ash content; density; compressive strength value; and combustion rate respectively 5889 cal/gr; 2,81%; 20%; 0,941 gr/ml; 1,82N/cm2; 0,00223gr/second.
ROLE OF TEAMWORK FOR ACTIVE LEARNING IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Authors: BÜTÜN BAYRAM Hale , BÜTÜN Erhan
Published: September 2020

In engineering education, a project can rarely be completed without the involved students having to read extensively and search for extra information not available in their textbooks, lecture notes, or laboratory manuals. Students have to find extra information for their research-projects and combine them with their knowledge from the other courses. This important objective opens students’ eyes to the realization that the degree by which they have digested the fundamental ideas of their core lessons will dictate their ability to access more knowledge because they appear to face paradoxes when confronting new situations. The merits of teamwork have been sacrificed for the sake of giving the student a very clear idea of the meaning of scientific research and significance of published material. It is expected to aid the student in a future research-oriented career. Teamwork will increase the amount of time spent on out-of-class learning as defined by the student, can be more effective than in-class time, particularly if the focus is learning on higher order learning. The authors believe that the student will be sufficiently exposed to teamwork values during their future design projects.
GÜNLÜK İŞLERİN YOĞUNLUĞUNA GÖRE ZAMANIN KULLANIMI
Authors: GÖKKAYA Öznur
Published: September 2020

Zamanın etkin kullanılması bireyin hem üretkenliğinin hem de verimliliğinin artırılabilmesi için oldukça önemlidir. Bireylerin zamanı yönetiminde, zaman kullanım süreleri oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada cinsiyete göre günlük işlerin yoğunluğunda istatistiksel olarak bir farklılık olup olmadığı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla TUİK veri tabanında en son 2014-2015 yılı için yapılan zaman kullanım araştırması verileri dikkate alınmıştır. Zaman kullanım araştırmasında 10 ana faaliyet başlığı altında zamanın belli dönemleri (hafta içi, hafta sonu vb.) dikkate alınarak yüzdelik olarak verilen yoğunluklara ait dağılım kullanılmıştır.
ÖRGÜTLERDE ÖFKE YÖNETİMİ
Authors: AVCI Aysun
Published: September 2020

Öfke, diğer duygularımız gibi doğal bir duygudur ve herkeste bulunmaktadır. Ancak diğer duygularımızdan farklı olarak, toplum tarafından olumsuz olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Genellikle kişi bir engellenme ile karşılaştığı zaman öfkelenmektedir. Bu öfke bir takım davranışlara neden olmaktadır. Eğer kişi saldırganlık, bağırma gibi davranışlar sergilerse buna dışa yönelik öfke denir. Kişi öfkelendiği zaman bastırma yolunu tercih eder ise bu içe yönelik öfke olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Öfkenin olumsuz sonuçlanmaması için öfke kontrolü önemlidir. Kişi öfkesini kontrol ederek, kendini sağlıklı bir şekilde ifade edebilir. Hayatın her alanında yaşadığımız gibi çalışma hayatında da öfke duygusunu yaşayabiliriz. Örgütlerde öfke istenmeyen davranışlar nedeniyle ortaya çıkabilir. Bu çalışma, hayatımızın her alanında karşımıza çıkan öfke duygusunu, özellikle çalışma hayatında karşılaştığımız öfke duygusunu ele almış ve örgütlerdeki öfkeyi açıklanmayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışma hayatında öfkenin nedenlerinden biri olan psikolojik sözleşme ihlali ve bu öfkenin sonucu, üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları değerlendirilmiş, çalışma hayatında öfke kontrolünün önemi vurgulanmıştır.
BANKACILIK ÜST YÖNETİMLERİNDE KADIN YÖNETİCİLERİN YERİ VE PROFİL ANALİZİ
Authors: GÜLER Hale Nur
Published: September 2020

Kadınların toplum, siyaset ve ekonomik yaşamda konumlarının değişmesi nedeni ile Türkiye’de bankacılık alanında da kadın çalışanların yeri önemini korumaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’ de çalışan sayıları en yüksek kamu özel ve yabancı sermayeli bankalarının çalışan sayıları ve kadınların yeri incelenmiştir. Bankalarda üst düzey kadın yöneticilerin oranı belirlenmiş ve kadın yöneticilerin eğitim deneyim ve kurum deneyimleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada bankacılıkta kadın çalışanların erkek çalışanlara göre fazla olduğu görülmektedir. Kadın çalışanların sayısı özel ve yabancı sermayeli bankalarda daha yüksektir. Üst yönetimde görev alan kadınların sayısının ise düşük olduğu görülmektedir. Üst düzey yönetimde görev alan kadınların görev alanları daha çok Hazine, Kurumsal Bankacılık ve İnsan Kaynakları’ dır. Kadın yöneticiler daha çok Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi ve Boğaziçi Üniversitesi mezunlarıdır. Kadın yöneticilerin ortalama iş deneyimlerinin yirmi dört yıl, bulundukları kurum içindeki ortalama görev sürelerinin ise on beş yıl olduğu görülmektedir.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MELALUI MEDIA KLIPING KORAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Lakapu Pifa Arita
Published: September 2020

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah pada saat observasi yaitu pembelajaran yang  tidak memberikan akses bagi siswa untuk berkembang secara mandiri melalui proses berpikirnya, sehingga siswa menjadi pasif. Selain itu, sumber belajar yang digunakan oleh guru kurang tepat karena materinya kurang sesuai dengan Standar Kompetensi sehingga siswa sulit memahami materi  yang disampaikan guru. Maka dari itu, peneliti ingin meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa melalui media kliping koran dengan tujuan untuk memberikan akses bagi siswa berkembang secara mandiri melalui proses berpikirnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Dilakukan melalui tiga siklus yang setiap siklus memuat perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu lembar pengamatan aktivitas guru dan siswa serta indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis dan lembar tes keterampilan berpikir kritis. Dalam hal ini peneliti menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dengan cara mencari nilai persentase keberhasil dan rata-rata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas guru selama pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan selama tiga siklus dengan persentase  ketuntasan 77,5 %  pada siklus I. 87 % pada siklus II. 91,25 pada siklus III. Aktivitas siswa mengalami peningkatan selama tiga siklus dengan persentase ketuntasan 63,75 % pada siklus I. 82,5 % pada siklus II. 90 % pada siklus III. Tes keterampilan berpikir kritis mengalami peningkatan selama tiga siklus dengan persentase ketuntasan 63,5 % pada siklus I. 77,5 % pada siklus II dan 85,2 % pada siklus III. Respon siswa menunjukkan siswa merasa senang karena klipingnya menarik dan mudah dipahami. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah media kliping koran dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran IPS Sekolah Dasar.
Factors influencing the prescribed dose of opioid analgesics in cancer patients
Authors: Hashimoto, MPharm Momoyo , Aogaki, BPharm Kazuki , Numata, PhD Chikako , Moriwaki, PhD Kensuke , Matsuda, MD Yoshinobu , Ishii, MD, PhD Ryouhei , Tanaka, BPharm Ikuko , Okamoto, PhD Yoshiaki
Published: September 2020

The dose of opioids prescribed for cancer pain does not always correlate with the actual pain severity. However, there is little evidence to explain this observation. In the present study, we sought to determine factors that influence the dose of opioid analgesics. A total of 227 patients who were administered opioids between August 2012 and May 2016 and later expired within the Department of Palliative Care at Ashiya Municipal Hospital were included, and the following variables were examined: age, sex, type of cancer, Verbal Rating Scale before and after the administration of the maximum prescribed dose of opioids, type of opioids and route of administration, blood test results, pain severity, and use of adjuvants. Data were analyzed using step-wise multiple linear regression. Median of the maximum prescribed dose of opioids, expressed in oral morphine equivalent, was 68.6, 60.0, and 39.2 mg for patients aged <65, 65-74, and ≥75 years, respectively. Step-wise multiple linear regression analysis further demonstrated that an increase in age by 1 year decreased the maximum prescribed dose of opioids by 0.98-fold (p = 0.006). Other factors that influenced the maximum prescribed dose of opioids included the use of analgesic adjuvants (1.91-fold, p = 0.001), oral administration (0.54-fold, p = 0.016), and elevated level of bilirubin (0.95-fold by 0.1 mg/dL increase, p = 0.013). Opioids examined in the study are metabolized in the liver by cytochromes P450 or by glucuronidation. Thus, if reduced drug metabolism causes the reduction in the maximum prescribed dose of opioids, liver function may contribute to this effect. Based on our findings that old age is associated with a lower prescribed dose of opioids, future studies should examine additional variables included in laboratory tests in more detail and measure hepatic blood flow to determine the cause of this association.
Climate benchmarks and input parameters representing locations in
68 countries for a stochastic weather generator, CLIGEN
Authors: Fullhart Andrew T. , Nearing Mark A. , Armendariz Gerardo , Weltz Mark A.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. This dataset contains input parameters for 12,703 locations around the world to parameterize a stochastic weather generator called CLIGEN. The parameters are essentially monthly statistics relating to daily precipitation, temperature and solar radiation. The dataset is separated into three sub-datasets differentiated by having monthly statistics determined from 30-year, 20-year, and 10-year minimum record lengths. Input parameters related to precipitation were calculated primarily from the NOAA GHCN-Daily network. The remaining input parameters were calculated from various sources including global meteorological and land-surface models that are informed by remote sensing and other methods. The new CLIGEN dataset includes inputs for locations in the U.S., which were compared to a selection of stations from an existing U.S. CLIGEN dataset representing 2648 locations. This validation showed reasonable agreement between the two datasets, with the majority of parameters showing less than 20 % discrepancy relative to the existing dataset. For the three new datasets, differentiated by the minimum record lengths used for calculations, the validation showed only a small increase in discrepancy going towards shorter record lengths, such that the average discrepancy for all parameters was greater by 5 % for the 10-year dataset. The new CLIGEN dataset has the potential to improve the spatial coverage of analysis for a variety of CLIGEN applications, and reduce the effort needed in preparing climate inputs. The dataset is available at the National Agriculture Library Data Commons website at https://data.nal.usda.gov/dataset/international-climate-benchmarks-and-input-parameters-stochastic-weather-generator-cligen and https://doi.org/10.15482/USDA.ADC/1518706 (Fullhart et al., 2020c).
Discursos en tensión en el programa de reinserción escolar en chile
Authors: Araya Morales Paula
Published: September 2020

A pesar de la alta cobertura escolar en Chile, el abandono escolar alcanza al 40% en el primer quintil de ingreso autónomo (Casen, 2015 en Vásquez, 2016). El Programa de Reinserción Escolar en Chile es una respuesta a esta problemática, que busca la revinculación de niños, niñas y jóvenes con el sistema educativo, a través de una intervención transitoria breve. Este artículo se centró en analizar y comprender los marcos interpretativos en torno el abandono y la reinserción escolar del Programa de Reinserción escolar, a cargo del Ministerio de Educación, a través de documentos oficiales entre los años 2003-2017, realizando un análisis crítico de marcos interpretativos. A partir de este análisis se identifica la tensión entre el discurso de mejorar la inserción laboral y alcanzar el desarrollo económico con el de garantizar el derecho a la educación. A su vez, se construye un sujeto social con carencias que no le permiten seguir la trayectoria teórica programada por el sistema escolar.
Educación ambiental: una mirada
Authors: Pérez-Abusleme Guillermo
Published: September 2020

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ANÁLISIS DE VISIBILIDAD SATÉLITAL Y TIEMPO DE VIAJE EN CADA CENTRO REGIONAL DE LA RED GEODÉSICA ACTIVA DE LA UNAH EN EL AÑO 2018
Authors: Carías Antonio , Rodríguez Manuel , Castellanos Yeny , Sosa Yessica , Nonori Marcela
Published: September 2020

El uso del sistema GPS contribuye en el mejoramiento de la posición, con la utilización de las estaciones de operación continua podemos llegar a altas precisiones con un mantenimiento de bajo costo, pero aun así todos estos elementos deben de ser analizados para que la red sea óptima. Este estudio busca identificar el tipo de observación GPS que tiene cada centro regional en donde están ubicados los receptores de medición continua GPS, los obstáculos que puede tener la antena ya instalada y la propia disponibilidad de satélites en la región hondureña. Así mismo la realización de un análisis de desplazamiento con relación tiempo-terreno el cual sirve para la planificación de las giras de supervisión-mantenimiento con el objetivo de que dichas giras sean rentables.
Communication Competency in Foreign Languages and Digital Competency in Life Sciences Course Book
Authors: Yüksel Sevgi , Taneri Ahu
Published: August 2020

This study aims to analyze to what extent the competency of ‘Communication in Foreign Languages’ and ‘Digital Competency’ which are addressed in Turkish Qualifications Framework and instruction programs in Turkey are covered by life sciences course books. The research was performed through the case study method which was within the context of qualitative research models. In the study, life sciences course books which were selected through convenience sampling, approved by the Board of Instruction and Education of the Ministry of National Education of Turkey and used in the first, second and third years of primary schools in the school year of 2018-2019 were examined. As per results obtained from research findings, it was found that the competency of ‘Communication in Foreign Languages’ and ‘Digital Competency’ were insufficiently referred to in course books. On the basis of research findings, recommendations intended for designers, teachers and researchers of instruction programs of life sciences course were presented.
Explaining the Gender-Gap in Economic Activity: A Cross-Country Study
Authors: Mamdouh Altarawneh Yaseen
Published: September 2020

This study aims at investigating the cross-country variation in gender-gap in economic activity. A balanced panel data for 72 countries with complete data for the period 2000-2016 were extracted from the World Bank indicators. The statistical diagnostic tests supported the use of the fixed effect model. The series was stationary at level and not co-integrated. Moreover, the null hypothesis of the appropriateness of random effect model was rejected. The estimated results assure the importance of demand side factors in dampen the gender gap in economic activity as expected such as GDP growth, gender gaps in employment, in being self-employed and unemployment, urbanization and trade openness. Surprisingly, the supply side factors such the cross-country variation in gender gap in education and fertility rates were no more important determinants in explaining the gender gap in economic activity. This study recommends governments to improve the demand-side factors that would encourage more female employment and reduce the gender gap in economic activity later.
The Lead and Lag Relationship Between Spot Market and Futures Market: Empirical Evidence From Vietnam
Authors: Phong Nguyen Anh , Minh Ho Thi Hong , Thanh Ngo Phu , Son Tran Nguyen Thanh
Published: September 2020

This study investigates the lead and lag relationship between Spot market and Futures market in Vietnam. In this study, we employ the data collected from stock-related database in Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange and Ha Noi Stock Exchange. The data of daily closing prices of VN30 index (the spot price) and VN30F1M (the 1-month future price of VN30 index) are then collected. We apply various methods, namely: Granger causality test, Johansen co-integration test, Vector Error Correlation Model, Impulse Response Function and Variance Decomposition. The result of this paper is consistent with previous research. It finds strong evidence that Spot market leads Futures market in Vietnam stock market in both the short-run and long-run. Therefore, Spot market play a discovery role in which investors can obtain useful information from Spot market to improve their portfolio profit and minimize the risk. Besides, regulators can rely on this finding to come up with better policies and further develop Futures market.
Sustainable Development of the Tourism Sector in the Palestinian Economy
Authors: Sweis Khalid Mohammad Hasan , Sabri Tamer Bahjat , Ayyash Issam N.
Published: September 2020

The study aimed to identify the role of sustainable development of tourism in the Palestinian economy; it also aimed at identifying the various points of view of the study respondents mainly those who are involved in the tourism sector as well as other sectors. The researchers adopted an analytical descriptive approach using a questionnaire that was distributed to the sample of the study (n= 313). The results of the study showed that about 88% of the respondents called for the need for further investments in the Palestinian tourism sector. One of the most important recommendations is the need to expand the scope of promoting tourism, increase services and improve the infrastructure of the Palestinian tourism sector.
Factors Affecting Product Supply in the Domestic Agrarian Market in Azerbaijan
Authors: Humbatova Sugra Ingilab , Hajiyev Natig Gadim-Oglu
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the study was to study, analyze, evaluate and forecast the factors affecting the formation of product supply in the domestic agrarian market. Socio-economic aspects of the factors influencing the growth of product supply in agrarian market in the country were considered for the purpose of the research. Statistical and econometric analysis was carried out by the method of generalization, grouping, systematic approach, the role and place of factors influencing the growth of product supply in agrarian market. The methodology used is based on econometric analysis of time series. The first step involves the formation of an order of integration of variables included in the model and utilizing several unit root tests such as the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Phillips-Perron (PP) and Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) tests. The cointegration approach is based on the ARDL model and the boundary test. The relative volatility of some indicators, which indirectly depends on oil prices, has led to some limitations in the study. The originality of the research is a complex statistical and econometric analysis of the factors influencing the increase of product supply in the domestic agricultural market, and the scientific novelty is the determination of the dependence of product supply in the agricultural sector on government support, including investment. The application of the article in the development of this section on the impact of agricultural supply on food security is of practical importance.
Performing a Safe and Effective Total Hip Arthroplasty on Patients With Inactive or Stably Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With Osteonecrosis
Authors: Gu Jianming , Zhang Shihong , Chen Lang , Feng Xiao , Li Hongchao , Feng Huixiong , Zhang Liang , Zhou Yixin
Published: August 2020

Introduction:

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are typically treated with total hip arthroplasty (THA) because of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). This study evaluated the outcome of THA in this patient group.

Methods:

From January 2004 to January 2017, we retrospectively studied 92 THAs for patients with SLE and 92 THAs for age- and sex-matched patients suffering from ONFH due to nonrheumatic etiologies Both groups were treated with cementless THA and followed up for an average of 50.9 ± 30.6 months. Their surgical outcomes and complications were evaluated and compared.

Results:

No significant difference existed in age, sex, weight, height, follow-up time, and Ficat staging between the groups. All patients with SLE were in inactive or stably active disease conditions. For all patients, the Harris hip score (HHS) (from 52.6 to 92.8; P < 0.001), Physical Component Summary Scale score (PCS) (from 29.4 to 49.3; P < 0.001), and Mmental Component Summary Scale score (MCS) (from 50.5 to 55.5; P < 0.001) of the Short Form-12 improved significantly after surgery. At the final follow-up, the HHS and MCS were comparable between the two groups. The PCS remained lower in the SLE group (P = 0.017), and no recorded revision surgieries in either group. Corticosteroid intake and testing positive for antiphospholipid antibodies, rather than having a SLE disease activity index score greater than zero, were risk factors for higher complications.

Discussion:

Performing THA for patients with SLE in an inactive or stably active disease condition resulted in comparable postoperative HHS and MCS scores, a lower PCS score, and shorter term postoperative complications compared with patients with ONFH resulting from nonrheumatic diseases. Patients with SLE had a higher risk for postoperative complications. It is generally safe and effective to perform THA in patients with inactive or stably active SLE. However, they still have an increased risk of short-term complications.
Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Ukraine in the Light of European Integration Processes
Authors: Neugodnikov Andrii , Barsukova Tetiana , Kharytonov Roman
Published: August 2020

The article provides an assessment of the state of legislation of Ukraine on the protection of intellectual property at the present stage. The most important problematic aspects and prospects of improving the legal regulation of intellectual property protection on the way to European integration are described in detail.

The experience of foreign countries in ensuring the protection of intellectual property is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the features of computer program protection, which is especially relevant nowadays. Features of the use of license agreements by the owner of computer programs, namely BSD License, Apache License, GNU General Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License, were analyzed.

The conclusion is drawn that a system of continuous analysis of decisions made by European countries in the field of intellectual property law, as well as on issues related to general state policy on the administration of intellectual property, in order to implement developed approaches to legislation and law enforcement practice, could improve the protection of intellectual property rights in Ukraine.
Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration of Armed Groups in Post-war Sri Lanka: A Study based on Koralaipattu South Divisional Secretariat Division in Eastern Sri Lanka
Authors: Kamalasiri V. , Fowsar M. A. M. , Fazil M. M.
Published: August 2020

This article generally focuses on the process of Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) which are essential to restore sustainable peace in the post-war scenario. The DDR is one of the significant aspects of the process of post-war peacebuilding. In most of the cases, this process has implemented with the assistance of foreign governments and international or regional institutions. However, the circumstances under which the Government of Sri Lanka happened to take over the sole responsibility for implementing the DDR process have raised serious concerns both at the local and international level. Hence, this article attempts to conduct a detailed inquiry of the DDR process implemented in Sri Lanka after the end of the civil war. This article followed a descriptive method of investigation. The findings of the study show that the DDR process was not fully implemented in a broad manner in the Sri Lankan context, but only served as a continuation of the military victory over the LTTE. In particular, not much attention was paid to disarming and demobilizing the armed groups, and only the so-called DDR process took place without international assistance and supervision.
Application of the Doctrine of Binding Precedent in Malaysia: A Re-Evaluation
Authors: Muhamad Nasrul Hisyam Nor , Kamarudin Mohd Khairy , Samat Abdul Basit , Noor Sulaiman Shakib Mohd , Hassan Ahmad Muhyuddin , Ruskam Aminuddin
Published: August 2020

This paper aims to analyze the issues concerning the implementation of binding precedent in Malaysian cases, and propose a re-evaluation of the binding precedent doctrine. The qualitative approach was employed to indicate the issues related to the doctrine of binding precedent by analyzing relevant cases. These cases were selected to propose the re-evaluation of the binding precedent doctrine as practiced by the Malaysian dual-judicial system. The main issue to be discussed regarding the doctrine of binding precedent is interference by the Civil Court on Islamic matters and Syariah Court decisions, which lead to inconsistency in judgments, even after the amendment of Article 121(1A) of the Federal Constitution. This study proposes that the application of binding precedent should be re-evaluated to ensure that the principles of justice are upheld. Court judges should decide cases based on merit, and only use previous judgments as guidance for present and future cases.
Cakes and Ale, Paintings and Sculptures: Directors’ Duties and Corporate Art Collecting
Authors: Harris Elizabeth , Harris Bede
Published: August 2020

Corporations spend significant amounts of money on art collecting and art sponsorship, but little research has been done on the question of whether such activities are permissible in light of directors’ duties. This article addresses that issue by examining whether corporate expenditure on art collecting and sponsorship is consistent with the duty to act in the bests interests of a corporation, the duty to exercise powers for a proper purpose and the fiduciary duty not to make improper use corporate information or position. This is done first by examining the scale of corporate expenditure on art and then by analysing the case law on various directors’ duties, before discussing whether corporate art collecting is legitimate in light of those duties. The article examines the most important reasons why a corporation may collect art – as an investment, in furtherance of corporate social responsibility goals and in order to enhance the psychological well-being of employees – and concludes that while art collecting for such purposes does not amount to a breach of directors’ duties, this is subject to the requirement that a corporation put into place safeguards contained in a formalised art collecting and sponsorship policy, the key principles of which are stated at the end of the article.
Gedeeltelijke beëindiging en het toetsingsmoment in ontslagzaken
Authors: Bij de Vaate D.M.A.
Published: September 2020

Gedeeltelijke beëindiging en het toetsingsmoment in ontslagzaken

Op 21 februari 2020 wees de Hoge Raad een tweetal beschikkingen waarin de vraag naar de mogelijkheid van gedeeltelijke ontbinding en het toetsingsmoment van ontbindingsbeschikkingen in hoger beroep centraal stond. Op beide punten was nadere richting gewenst. De Kolom-beschikking kon vermoeden dat een belangrijke stap gezet was richting de mogelijkheid van een gedeeltelijke ontbinding. Niets blijkt minder waar, getuige het oordeel in de Victoria-beschikking, of toch…? Ook de vraag naar het toetsingsmoment van ontslagzaken in hoger beroep heeft de gemoederen beziggehouden. De Hoge Raad komt niet tot een uniform antwoord. Gaat het om een afgewezen ontbindingsbeschikking, dan is de toetsing in hoger beroep ex nunc; gaat het om een toegewezen ontbindingsbeschikking, dan is de toetsing ex tunc. Deze bijdrage onderwerpt de twee beschikkingen aan een nadere analyse.
‘Garbage in, garbage out’
Authors: Das Abhijit , Schuilenburg Marc
Published: September 2020

‘Garbage In, Garbage Out’: On Predictive Policing and the Problem of Dirty Data

Predictive tools as instruments for understanding and responding to risky behaviour as early as possible are increasingly becoming a normal feature in local and state agencies. A risk that arises from the implementation of these predictive tools is the problem of dirty data. The input of incorrect or illegally obtained information (‘dirty data’) can influence the quality of the predictions used by local and state agencies, such as the police. The article focuses on the risks of dirty data in predictive policing by the Dutch Police. It describes the possibilities to prevent dirty data from being used in predictive policing tools, such as the Criminality Anticipation System (CAS). It concludes by emphasizing the importance of transparency for any serious solution looking to eliminate the use of dirty data in predictive policing.
Het carnaval der burgers. Een gelijkenis in gelijkenissen
Authors: van Ostaijen Mark
Published: September 2020

Reflection and debate

Reflection and debate initiates academically inspired discussions on issues that are on the current policy agenda.
De dag die je wist dat zou komen – kanttekeningen bij PostNL/Sandd
Authors: Knibbeler Winfred , Kreijger Paul
Published: September 2020

De dag die je wist dat zou komen – kanttekeningen bij PostNL/Sandd

De eerste vergunning die sinds 1 januari 1998 op grond van artikel 47 Mw is verleend, loopt uit op een spectaculaire nederlaag voor de staatssecretaris, die er niet in slaagt om de politieke wens de fusie tussen PostNL en Sandd door te laten gaan te vertalen in een juridisch deugdelijk besluit. Zeker gezien de zeer grondige analyse van de ACM lag de lat hoog. De vernietiging van de vergunning roept tal van interessante en fundamentele vragen op over concentratietoezicht.
Filosofia na Formação profissional: Por que ter valores políticos, éticos, estéticos na formação profissional é importante? de Antonio Joaquim Severino
Authors: Rockenback Nadia
Published: September 2020

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A gestão democrática universitária em uma realidade multicampi: um olhar sobre o caso da UNIPAMPA
Authors: Nunes Valéria Fontoura
Published: September 2020

Este artigo apresenta as formas de gestão, principalmente, a gestão universitária em uma realidade multicampi. Desse modo, inicialmente, foi discutido as formas de gestão, especi-almente, ligada a gestão da educação superior. Em seguida, delineou-se a estrutura concei-tual de uma universidade multicampi e suas peculiaridades. No caso, realizou-se uma pes-quisa documental da Universidade Federal do Pampa em virtude de sua organização dife-renciada. Nesse contexto, os fatores tamanho e dispersão espacial tornam a estrutura or-ganizacional complexa, pois envolve o número de campi, assim como os locais espacial-mente separados e a quantidade de pessoal necessário para o desenvolvimento de suas atividades.
The function of positive face threatening acts baldly on-record without redressive action in household and cyberconflict: a pragmatic study
Authors: Rahmansyah Sutiadi , Nur Tajudin , Indrayani Lia Maulia , Victoria Martha Davidescu Christiana
Published: September 2020

Humans as social beings cannot be free from conflict. Speech is one of the causes of conflict. This study discusses the function of Positive Face Threatening Acts on-record baldly without redressive action on household conflicts in a popular psychology book and cyber conflicts between netizens on Facebook. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that there were two main functions of the use of Positive Face Threatening Acts baldly on-record without redressive action in household conflicts taken from dialogues in a popular psychology book and cyber conflicts between netizens on Facebook comments, namely if it is used as a utterance then it functions to trigger conflict (PK) and if it is used as a response it serves to maintain FTA/Face/conflict (MK). Whatever the problems or conflicts background that occur both in the household and in the cyber world, conflicts can arise as a result of utterances and also with utterances these conflicts can be resolved or maintained. It depends on the participants involved in the conflict. In other words, utterances can be used either to threaten or defend one's self-esteem/face.
As Necessidades de Compliance Concorrencial na Ordem Econômica
Authors: Souza Maicon Melito de
Published: September 2020

Em tempos de economias altamente complexas programas de gerenciamento de riscos se tornaram essenciais para agentes econômicos. Dentro dessa perspectiva, instituições passaram a adotar programas internos de conformação das suas condutas com as normas em vigor, objetivando gerenciar riscos de sanções. Porém, em relação à livre concorrência, subsiste desinformação pública sobre necessidades práticas de implementação desses programas. É preciso esclarecer as razões de interesse público e privado para adoção de programas internos de conformidade das atividades institucionais às normas concorrenciais. Assim, o Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica – Cade – criou seu “Guia Programas de Compliance: Orientações sobre Estruturação e Benefícios da Adoção dos Programas de Compliance Concorrencial”. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo objetiva expor a importância de compliance concorrencial na ordem econômica. Por método qualitativo são apresentadas razões de interesse público e de interesse privado para adoção de programas de compliance concorrencial. O resultado é o conhecimento de necessidades práticas de defesa concorrencial.
Software Operational Profile vs. Test Profile: Towards a Better Software Testing Strategy
Authors: Júnior Luiz Cavamura , Morimoto Ricardo , Fabbri Sandra , Paiva Ana C. R. , Vincenzi Auri Marcelo Rizzo
Published: September 2020

Software Operational Profile (SOP) is a software specification based on how users use the software. This specification corresponds to a quantitative representation of software that identifies the most used software parts. As software reliability depends on the context in which users operate the software, the SOP is used in software reliability engineering. However, there are evidences of a misalignment between the software tested parts and SOP. Therefore, this paper investigates a possible misalignment between SOP and the tested software parts to obtain, based on experimental data, more evidence of this misalignment. We performed an exploratory study composed of four activities to verify: a) whether there are significant variations in how users operate the software; b) whether there is a misalignment between SOP and the tested software parts; c) if failures occur in untested SOP parts in case of misalignment; d) in case of misalignment between SOP and untested software parts, whether a test strategy based on the amplification of the existent test set with additional test data generated automatically, can contribute to reduce the misalignment. We collected data form four software while users were operating them. We analyzed this collected data in an attempt to reach the goals of this work. To evaluate the originality of this research, we performed a Literature Systematic Review (SLR) and presented its conclusions. The obtained results evidence that there are significant variations in how users operate the software and also that there is a misalignment between SOP and the tested software parts when we evaluated the four software mentioned above. There are also indications of the occurrence of failures in the untested SOP parts. Although the test strategy mentioned above has reduced the possible misalignment, the test strategy is not enough to avoid it, thus denoting the need of specifics test strategies using SOP as a test criterion. These results indicate that SOP becomes relevant not only to software reliability engineering but also to contribute to testing activities, regardless of the adopted strategy.