bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Plasma-Sprayed Coatings Produced in Argon or Nitrogen Atmosphere
Authors: Leylavergne M. , Vardelle A. , Dussoubs B. , Goubot N.
Published: May 2021

When spraying is conducted in the ambient atmosphere, the entrainment of air cools down the plasma jet and affects its expansion. It may also cause the oxidation or the chemical decomposition of the sprayed materials. Inert Plasma Spraying (IPS), generally conducted in argon atmospheres, prevents these phenomena. However, the main drawbacks of IPS in comparison with air plasma spraying are the capital and apparating costs. To reduce the latter by 25 to 30%, nitrogen atmospheres may be used as a substitute for the conventional argon atmosphere. This paper presents a study in which titanium carbide and niobium powders were sprayed in argon and nitrogen atmospheres. Cryogenic cooling of the substrate was used during the spray process. This helps to maintain a low temperature in the chamber, produces thick coatings and allows the use of substrate materials that are sensitive to heat. The adhesion, roughness and microstructure of the coatings produced in both atmospheres are compared as well as their nitrogen content.
Analysis of Nucleation, Phase Selection and Rapid Solidification of an Alumina Splat
Authors: Vardelle A. , Robert C. , Wang G.X. , Sampath S.
Published: May 2021

A numerical model has been developed to study the rapid solidification of an alumina splat in thermal spray deposition. The model focuses on the melt undercooling, the selection of the various phases of Al2O3, and the subsequent non-equilibrium rapid solidification process. A thin molten layer is assumed to be brought into contact with the substrate at time t = 0. One-dimensional heat transfer is considered through splat and substrate along with a thermal contact resistance between them. The classical theory of nucleation kinetics is used to determine the nucleation temperature, assuming that nucleation takes place heterogeneously on the substrate surface. The most likely nucleated crystalline phase is investigated, based on the nucleation kinetics of various phases. Once the particular phase is identified and the nucleation temperature is calculated, the solidification starts assuming a planar interface between the solid and the liquid. Non-equilibrium kinetics of the chosen phase is applied at the moving interface to calculate the interface velocity from the interface melt undercooling. In this paper, the effect of splat variables on the solidification and cooling process of the splat are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the value of the wetting angle between the growing nucleus and the substrate, which affects greatly the nucleation temperature.
Dynamic Simulations of Multiple-Splat Spreading and Solidification
Authors: Prasad V. , Zhang H. , Sampath S.
Published: May 2021

A high resolution numerical model has been developed to simulate the simultaneous spreading and solidification of single and multiple-splat on a cold substrate. The model combines the level set formulation with curvilinear adaptive finite volume scheme to predict the deforming shape of the splat's free surface as well as the solidification interface shape and dynamics. An adaptive grid generation captures the solidification front and the level set formulation allows the free surface deformation caused by merging and separation. Numerical results on spreading, merging and solidification of a single splat and two splats are presented to demonstrate the capability of the scheme. It also shows that this model can be extended to predict porosity in thermal spray coatings.
Modeling and Experimental Studies of Particles Velocity and Temperature in Plasma Spraying Processes
Authors: Ilyuschenko A.Ph. , Okovity V.A. , Kundas S.P. , Kuz’menkov A.N.
Published: May 2021

Mathematical and computer models of movement and heating of particles in low pressure conditions are developed. The mathematical models are based on the molecular-kinetics theory of gases. A program complex for computer realization of models is developed. It contains a built-in data base of temperature dependent properties of substances, system of processing and graphic visualization of simulation results. For verification of the developed models, computer simulation and experimental measurments of Al2O3 particle temperature and velocity are conducted. These materials were sprayed in Plasma-Technik equipment at pressure 60 mBar in argon. Particle velocity was measured with a special optical device, particle temperature was defined by intensity radiation method. It was established that the developed models are adequate to real process (error of 5-8 %) and may be used for study and improvement of VPS processes.
Influence of Substrate and Coating Temperature on Columnar Growth within Plasma Sprayed Zirconia and Alumina Coatings
Authors: Haddadi A. , Nardou F. , Fauchais P. , Grimaud A. , Leger A.C.
Published: May 2021

The temperature within plasma-sprayed oxide coatings depends strongly on the cooling devices used during spraying as well as on coating pass thickness and powder flow rate. Two oxides, alumina and zirconia, were deposited using dc Ar-H2 plasma jets and the shape, size, and composition of the columnar structures produced were examined and found to correspond with substrate and coating surface temperatures as measured during and after spraying. The relationship between temperature and thermomechanical properties was also investigated and the results are reported in the paper.
Influence of the Torch to Substrate Velocity and Resulting Temperature on the Residual Stresses in Alumina Plasma Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Leger A.C. , Grimaud A. , Fauchais P. , Delluc G.
Published: May 2021

A system, developed in the laboratory, allows to record in situ the deformation of a flat beam with a displacement sensor and so to analyse stress formation during spraying and upon cooling with fixed or rotating substrates. The beam is fixed onto a pair of knife edges by springs. The knife edges are disposed on a water-cooled rotating cylindrical substrate holder and the beam substrate (2 x 15 x 100 mm3) is parallel to the holder axis. The torch is moved back and forth parallel to the holder axis and the beam temperature is recorded by a thermocouple spot welded to it and also by an IR pyrometer. The influence of beam temperature for a given torch/substrate velocity on the residual stresses is studied for alumina and zirconia coatings. With fixed substrates a sharp increase of the residual stresses related to coating microstructure exists for a transition temperature around 600°C. It seems to correspond to a columnar growth throughout the layered splats. The effect of the torch to substrate velocity and so the pass thickness is studied too.
Neutron Diffraction Residual Stress Measurement on Thermally Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Matejicek J. , Sampath S. , Brand P.C. , Prask H.J.
Published: May 2021

Neutron diffraction is a promising tool for the investigation of residual stresses in thermally sprayed coatings. In principle, the neutron diffraction method has several distinct advantages over other methods. 1) It is possible to perform triaxial stress analysis throughout the thickness of both the coating and the substrate without material removal. 2) The stress can be determined in all phases of a multi-phase coating. 3) Repeated measurements can be performed on mechanically or thermally fatigued specimens. 4) Stress concentrations and shape/edge effects in actual parts can be located. In this paper, these unique capabilities will be reviewed first. In the second part of the paper it will be shown how the analysis of these coatings differs from experimental analysis of bulk materials. Finally, the analysis of the stress distribution in plasma sprayed NiCrAlY and ZrO2+Y2O3 thermal barrier coatings in as-sprayed and annealed states will be presented and discussed.
Structure and Properties of HVOF Sprayed Ceramic/Polymer Nanocomposite Coatings
Authors: Petrovicova E. , Knight R. , Smith R.W. , Schadler L.S.
Published: May 2021

Ceramic/polymer nanocomposites promise to be a new class of materials that will have wide application either for surface protection, providing low friction and inert corrosion barriers, or where tailored electrical and magnetic properties with increased abrasion and wear resistance are required. The high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) combustion spray process has been used to successfully process polymer-ceramic nanocomposites at 5 - 20 volume % of reinforcement. The latest results of process-structure- property relationship studies in silica and carbon black reinforced nylon 11 coatings are presented. It was found that the improvement in mechanical properties depends on the distribution and surface chemistry of the particulates and on the increase in matrix crystallinity due to the particulates.
Importing Divisionism Instead of Diversity
Authors: Šmok Martin
Published: May 2021

This personal account of a former Czechoslovak Jewish Youth leader offers insights into the process of searching for Jewish identity and its meaning in post-Communist Czechoslovakia. The author discusses the conceptual struggles faced by his generation, raised during the last two decades of the Communist regime, the impact of imported ideological infighting and factional splits on the makeup of an emerging community, the pop-appeal of Judaism to the Czech masses and the varied reactions of the highly assimilated Czech Jews to the eventual arrival of a dogmatic religious leadership.
Jews and Arabs
Authors: Blue Lionel
Published: May 2021

In the recent past all Jewish life has been so overshadowed by the tragedy of the holocaust and the hope of Israel that we could only cry or act. Now a new time has come. Israel has solved every problem except the Arab problem and that is the only important problem now worth solving. A dialogue with the Islamic world is long overdue. We were hounded out of Europe, and we were one of the factors which pushed or helped to push another people out of Palestine. This was a sin – whether knowingly or unknowingly. Israel and Arabs are political entities. Behind them stand two other and greater beings – Judaism and Islam. It is possible that the goodness inherent in them can achieve what the politicians cannot. Unfortunately, neither is spiritually efficient, as all religion has been perverted in our society. The Israel problem poses the crucial test for Judaism itself. As for Islam, it is almost an unknown religion to most Jews. It has also encountered the full onslaught of the West in a short time, and like us, many of its adherents also failed to see the moral wood for the halachic and legalist trees. We can help each other, for we have much in common; and, God willing, we may yet find even more common ground.
Aemilia Bassano Lanier’s New Perspective on Women in the Poem Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum
Authors: Ekmekçioğlu Neslihan
Published: May 2021

Aemilia Bassano Lanier was partially of Jewish origin and came from a Venetian family of court musicians. She was brought up in the court and was educated by Countess Susan Bertie and the Duchess of Suffolk. Her work entitled Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum is a long narrative poem articulating a woman-centred account of the Bible. As a woman of partial Jewish descent, Aemilia, who has ‘a voice of her own’, deals with the maltreatment of women and compares them to Christ in their silent suffering. At her time, women were often expected to be silent within society, creating an absence rooted in their lack of voice. Both Christ and women sacrifice themselves for the betterment of mankind. This article will deal with Aemilia Lanier’s new perspective upon biblical women and the Passion of Christ as reflected in Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum.
‘Which is the merchant here, and which the Jew?’
Authors: Forrester Anna Carleton
Published: May 2021

This article takes up one of the most perplexing and thoroughly examined questions posed by Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice–the origin and extent of Antonio’s melancholy. While many critical responses point to anxieties towards his ventures abroad, unrequited romantic love or general indecisiveness to explain the merchant’s sadness, this reading asserts that his atrabilious nature must stem from something more latent, comprehensive and socially binding. This article argues that it is Antonio’s unwanted, yet pre-existing and indisputable similitude with Shylock, the Jewish usurer, that incites an internal sadness; Antonio’s insistence upon his absolute difference to Shylock’s profession, religion and humanity ignites and prolongs melancholy, since those are, ironically, the very things that make them so similar and renders his opposition unsuccessful.
The Use of Biblicizing Techniques in Isaac Salkinson’s Hebrew Translations
Authors: Shuali Eran
Published: May 2021

In this article, I examine the character and reception of the Hebrew translations of St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans, Milton’s Paradise Lost, Shakespeare’s Othello and Romeo and Juliet, Tiedge’s Urania, and the New Testament produced in the second half of the nineteenth century by Isaac Salkinson, a Jew converted to Christianity and employed as a missionary by the British Society for the Propagation of the Gospel among the Jews. I focus on a salient feature of these translations, that is the use of biblicizing techniques. In contrast to previous studies, I tie the production of all of Salkinson’s translations to his activity as a missionary.
?הַאִם אַתָּה דּוֹמֶה לְיוֹם אָבִיב
Authors: Jacobs Adriana X.
Published: May 2021

In this article, I address contemporary Hebrew translations of Shakespeare’s Sonnets, specifically those by the Israeli poet Anna Herman. My reading of Herman’s translation of Sonnet 18 contextualizes this translation in the Hebrew translation history of the Sonnets. I discuss how Hebrew retranslations of the Sonnets illuminate and complicate our understanding of shifts in the development of modern Hebrew writing and translation from the nineteenth to twenty-first centuries. How do Herman’s translations ‘compare’, as it were, with the translations that have come before, particularly those by male translators? As part of a neoformalist turn in contemporary Hebrew poetry, I call attention to the ways in which Herman’s translations, which were published in 2006, revitalize our reading of the original Shakespearean English and the Hebrew translations that followed, thereby constituting an altogether contemporary text.
‘Go out and learn’
Authors: Reicher Rosa
Published: May 2021

This article deals with Shakespeare’s reception among German Jewish youth in the early twentieth century. The Jewish youth movements played an appreciable role in Jewish education and culture. The various Jewish youth movements reflected the German Jewish society of the time. Despite the influence of the German youth movement, the young people developed their own German Jewish Bildung canon. Many young Jews in Germany perceived Bildung as an ideal tool for full assimilation. Bildung placed an emphasis on the Jewish youth as an individual, and so served as an ideal tool for full assimilation. My thesis is that by means of the youth movement, German Jewish youth could develop new interpretations of identity, through the creation of a European Bildung ideal, which includes an awareness of the significance of Shakespeare.
Redefining Censorship
Authors: Schupak Esther B.
Published: May 2021

Because of its potential for fostering antisemitic stereotypes, in the twentieth century The Merchant of Venice has a history of being subject to censorship in secondary schools in the United States. While in the past it has often been argued that the play can be used to teach tolerance and to fight societal evils such as xenophobia, racism and antisemitism, I argue that this is no longer the case due to the proliferation of performance methods in the classroom, and the resultant emphasis on watching film and stage productions. Because images – particularly film images – carry such strong emotional valence, they have the capacity to subsume other pedagogical aspects of this drama in their emotional power and memorability. I therefore question whether the debate over teaching this play is truly a question of ‘censorship’, or simply educational choice.
Shylock in Buchenwald
Authors: Kaynar-Kissinger Gad
Published: May 2021

Can The Merchant of Venice be performed in Germany after the Holocaust, and if so, how? Is the claim that the play is a touchstone for German-Jewish relations, with a philosemitic tradition – and therefore eligible to be performed today – verifiable? The article begins by briefly surveying this tradition from the Jewish emancipation in the mideighteenth century, which, with a few relapses, continued – especially in productions directed by Jews and/or with Jewish actors in the role of Shylock – until the rise of the Nazi regime, to be resumed after the Second World War. The main part analyses a test case, staged by the Israeli director Hanan Snir at the Weimar National Theatre (1995), and intended rhetorically to avenge the Holocaust on the German audience: Merchant as a viciously antisemitic play with in a play, directed by SS personnel in the nearby Buchenwald concentration camp with eventually murdered Jewish inmates compelled to play the Jewish parts.
Identity and Gender Politics in Contemporary Shakespearean Rewriting
Authors: Özmen Özlem
Published: May 2021

Julia Pascal’s The Yiddish Queen Lear, a dramatic adaptation of Shakespeare’s King Lear, merges racial identity politics with gender politics as the play both traces the history of the Yiddish theatre and offers a feminist criticism of Shakespeare’s text. The use of Lear as a source text for a play about Jews illustrates that contemporary Jewish engagements with Shakespeare are more varied than reinterpretations of The Merchant of Venice. Identity politics are employed in Pascal’s manifestation of the problematic relationship between Lear and his daughters in the form of a conflict between the play’s protagonist Esther, who struggles to preserve the tradition of the Yiddish theatre, and her daughters who prefer the American cabaret. Gender politics are also portrayed with Pascal’s use of a strong woman protagonist, which contributes to the feminist criticism of Lear as well as subverting the stereotypical representation of the domestic Jewish female figure in other dramatic texts.
Introduction
Authors: Allan Jonathan A. , Haywood Chris , Karioris Frank G.
Published: May 2021

Nota bene: This introduction was written near the end of 2020, a year that saw the world struggle with COVID-19. These issues make up the primary body of the below text. Yet, as we moved into the new year, perhaps thankful that 2020 had come to a close, on 6 January, and before the introduction was sent to publication, the US Capitol building in Washington, DC, was laid siege by far right extremists, White supremacists, and supporters seeking to stop the confirmation of the election of Joseph Biden. I [Frank] am reminded of a similar note I wrote in an article for the Sexual Violence Research Initiative’s “16 Days of Activism” series in early December: “We write this post amidst political protests that have shaken Kyrgyzstan, with the recent election results being annulled. We send our thoughts for those working to ensure a fair, democratic, and transparent government; and hope for a speedy resolution to these issues” (Kim and Karioris 2020). In a similar sense, with the events still etched in our minds and processes just beginning to begin (arrests, an impeachment, etc.) and the inauguration still to come, we include this short note affirming our commitment to democratic principles, challenging violent masculinity, and supporting antiracist activism.
Welcome to “Planet Porno”
Authors: Andreasson Jesper , Johansson Thomas
Published: May 2021

This article aims to explore the connections between bodybuilding, (hyper)masculinity, sexuality, and the construction of subcultural and sexual spaces among Swedish male fitness dopers. Analytically, the article employs the perspectives of hardcore masculinities—and the potential harms to relationships and health involved in the use of doping—as well as more legitimate and hegemonic masculinity configurations. The results show that there is a delicate balance between masculinity-connoted sexual and other bodily urges and desires, on the one hand, and the loss of control, on the other. Living in a pornographic imaginary can also result in a loss of reasonable contact with the world outside the subculture of bodybuilding. Upholding this lifestyle thus involves an ambivalent construction of masculinity found at the intersection between marginality and hegemony, which sometimes leads to loneliness and a lack of intimate relationships.
You Haven’t Seen the Last of Men
Authors: Michot Julie
Published: May 2021

The Full Monty (Peter Cattaneo, 1997) is much acclaimed as a comedy film. Yet, its screenplay is based on a serious context, contemporary of its shooting—the industrial crisis in the North of England—and deals with its societal effects—a major shift in gender roles and patterns. The real achievement of the male characters is that they resolve gender conflicts adopting cultural practices traditionally reserved for women, asserting their masculinity while posing as sex objects. At a time when men–women relationships are at the heart of debates in the Western World, this article seeks to demonstrate that the movie has a quasi-universal dimension by suggesting that, rather than a reversal of gender roles, a new kind of balance can emerge, with all its attendant “contradictions.”
Teaching globalisation in the social sciences
Authors: George Stacy Keogh
Published: May 2021

Abstract

This article describes the incorporation of a refugee simulation into an upper-division sociology course on globalisation at a liberal arts institution in the United States. The simulation is designed to inform students of the refugee process in the United States by inviting participants to immerse themselves in refugee experiences by adopting identities of actual refugee families as they complete four stages of the refugee application process. Student reactions to the refugee simulation suggest that it is an effective tool for demonstrating the complexities of the refugee experience in the United States and for evoking social empathy.
Introduction
Authors: Engert Kornelia , Schürkmann Christiane
Published: May 2021

The contributions in this special issue focus on different phenomena and conceptual approaches dealing with “the Posthuman” as a discourse of renegotiating nature-culture-relationships that has emerged over the past decades. The selected articles from fields of sociology, political science, and social anthropology demonstrate how to work with and discuss posthumanistic and post-anthropocentric perspectives, but also how to irritate and criticize universal assumptions of particular posthuman approaches empirically and theoretically. The introduction aims to position the particular contributions in a field of tension between de- and re-centering human beings and human agency.
Facing a Toxic Object
Authors: Schürkmann Christiane
Published: May 2021

Over the past decades, industrial societies have produced a range of substances whose effects humans increasingly identify as toxic—a prominent example is radioactive waste and the question of its disposal. This fabricated “object of modernity” not only calls for the knowledge of the natural sciences, it also affects society at large in its immense challenge of figuring out how to dispose of this material and altogether “detoxify” society from its hazardous activity. The contribution develops a heuristic perspective on toxic objects, exemplified by analyzing documents with a focus on how different societal actors in Germany problematize high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in the context of finding a repository site. The perspective on toxic objects aims to strengthen a more nuanced view of “modern” relationships between human action and material activity with regard to hazardous socio-chemical fabrications as a consequence of an objectified nature.
Posthuman Prehistory
Authors: Ingold Tim
Published: May 2021

This article asks what part prehistory could play in establishing a posthumanist settlement, alternative to the humanism of the Enlightenment. We begin by showing how Enlightenment thinking split the concept of the human in two, into species and condition, establishing a point of origin where the history of civilization rises from its baseline in evolution. Drawing on the thinking of the thirteenth-century mystic, Ramon Llull, we present an alternative vision of human becoming according to which life carries on through a process of continuous birth, wherein even death and burial hold the promise of renewal. In prehistory, this vision is exemplified in the work of André Leroi-Gourhan, in his exploration of the relation between voice and hand, and of graphism as a precursor to writing. We conclude that the idea of graphism holds the key to a prehistory that not so much precedes as subtends the historic.
Afterword
Authors: Meyer Birgit
Published: May 2021

Highlighting common threads in the pieces by Beekers, Kasmani and Mattes, and Dilger, this concluding essay reflects on the potential of comparison as conceptual innovation in the anthropological study of religious plurality. Asking how to develop innovative practices of comparison for the sake of grasping the dynamics of plural societies in the light of the articles in this collection, I argue that it is necessary to transcend the bifurcation of the study of religions, which was accentuated with the rise of the anthropologies of Islam and Christianity, in favor of a focus on the secular configuration as a whole, paying attention to power dynamics that assign different spaces for action to different religions (notwithstanding their equality in legal terms). The point of comparison, understood as a critical project geared toward conceptual innovation, is not only to discern so far overlooked, unexpected differences and similarities, but also to understand how these differences and similarities, as well as the possibility to compare as such, are outcomes of long-standing entanglements.
Claims of Need in Property Law and Politics
Authors: Cockburn Patrick
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Both courts of law and political theorists have grappled with the problem of giving the concept of ‘need’ a place in our reasoning about the rights and wrongs of property regimes. But in the U.K., legal changes in the last fifteen years have eroded the legal possibilities for striking some compromise between the claims of the needy and the rights of property owners. Against this backdrop this article compares three theoretical accounts of how the fact of human need should impact upon our thinking about property rights: the rights-based arguments of Jeremy Waldron, the radical democratic theory of Lawrence Hamilton and the anarchist commentary of Colin Ward. While ‘theories’ of need have paid much attention to the nature of need ‘itself’, the article argues that this comparison reveals another issue that is just as important: where and how should claims of need be registered in legal and political processes?
Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among First-year Medical Students in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shah Priyanka , Sapkota Alisha , Chhetri Anjeel
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Medical students are prone to develop stress, anxiety and depression owing to vastness of curriculum, hectic lifestyle, economic burden, and competitiveness of medical field. The study aims to find out the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among first-year medical students.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 91 first-year students of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery enrolled in a tertiary care hospital using depression, anxiety, and stress-42 scale along with a questionnaire regarding sociodemographic and stressors for their problems. Whole sampling was done and the study was conducted between June and July 2018 after taking ethical approval from the Research and Institutional Review Committee (Reference Number: 57-074/075).
Results: The highest prevalence among undergraduate medical students was found to be anxiety 54 (59.3%), followed by stress 41 (45.1%) and depression 40 (44%).
Conclusions: Almost half of the first-year medical students reported some level of depression, anxiety, or stress. It is important to implement programs in the early years of the medical school from the administrative level to help and identify students suffering from depression, anxiety, and stress.
Conséquences de l’inaction à l’exemple des forêts valaisannes
Authors: Alfter Pierre , Giesch Christina
Published: May 2021

Conséquences de l’inaction à l’exemple des forêts valaisannes

Inspiriert von den Kosten des Nichtstuns im Zusammenhang mit dem Klimawandel wurde im Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie untersucht, welche Folgen die komplette Einstellung der Waldbewirtschaftung im Kanton Wallis hätte. Um die negativen und positiven Konsequenzen zu erfassen, wurden im Kanton leitfadengestützte Interviews mit 15 Experten aus dem Waldbereich und verwandten Sektoren durchgeführt. Von den Befragten wurden die Konsequenzen als weitreichend, komplex sowie ausser im Bereich Biodiversität als weitgehend negativ beurteilt. Am gravierendsten wurden die Folgen in den Bereichen Schutz vor Naturgefahren und Holzproduktion eingestuft: in ersterem Bereich, weil teure technische Verbauungen notwendig würden, in letzterem, weil das holzverarbeitende Gewerbe nicht mehr mit dem lokalen Rohstoff versorgt werden könnte. Negative Folgen wurden aber auch für die Bereiche Tourismus/Naherholung und Weide- bzw. Alpwirtschaft erkannt, unter anderem deswegen, weil im gewählten Szenario die durch den Wald verlaufenden Güterstrassen und Wege nicht geräumt werden dürfen. Mit der Studie wird die Basis gelegt, um die Kosten des Nichtstuns zu quantifizieren.
Can functional foods reduce the risk of disease? Advancement of functional food definition and steps to create functional food products
Authors: Martirosyan Danik , Kanya Hunter , Nadalet Camila
Published: May 2021

The definition of functional foods (FFs) has been in development for many years by the Functional Food Scientists of the Functional Food Institute/Functional Food Center (FFC). The status of the FFC’s definition is currently unrecognized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA),but recognition is important for the safe, uniform development and disbursement of functional food products (FFPs) that could improve the health of Americans and people around the world struggling with chronic and viral diseases. If functional foods were to be properly termed using the FFC’s current definition, they would be classified as a drug according to the FDA. Thus, the FFC is in communication with governmental representatives to determine the next steps for functional foods to be properly acknowledged. To that end, the FFC is revising its current definition of functional foods to fit a more accurate and encompassing idea of the nature of what functional foods do. This includes a shift to stressing how functional foods promote optimal health, reduce the risk of chronic/viral disease, and manage their symptoms.Additionally, the process of developing a functional food product must be standardized to ensure the safety of administering bioactive compounds as a health optimization tool. This process follows the methodology of functional food science, which is a potential new form of life science proposed by the Functional Food Center. Over time, the FFC has been developing the appropriate steps to create a functional food product, however, in this article, new steps are emphasized, such as epidemiological studies and after-market research—vital steps to ensuring the safest and most efficacious product is released to the public. Functional foods are not meant to take the place of conventional medicine. They can, however, be used in conjunction with Western medicine and serve as an aid to health optimization for people with chronic/viral diseases and prioritize the management of symptoms associated with those diseases.Keywords: functional foods, bioactive compounds, biomarkers, functional food science, functional food products, epidemiological studies
The efficiency of short sintering time on thermoelectric properties of delafossite CuCr0:85Mg0:15O2 ceramics
Authors: Hoang Dung Van , Nguyen Truong Huu , Pham Anh Tuan Thanh , Le Thu Bao Nguyen , Tran Vinh Cao , Phan Thang Bach
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Harvesting the waste heat emitted from the activities of humanity based on thermoelectric devices is an appropriate way to reduce the overconsumption of fossil fuel nowadays.

Methods: In this work, CuCr0:85Mg0:15O2 compounds prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method were investigated to find out that the short sintering time is enough for thermoelectric applications, directly low the cost of the devices.

Results and Conclusion: We find out that there is a significant change in the crystal structure, the chemical state, and thermoelectric properties along with the increase of the sintering time, but eventually, the dimensionless figure of merit ZT is almost constant regardless of the long or short sintering time which means that the increase of electrical conductivity will compromise the increase of thermal conductivity. The highest ZT value is 0.03 measured at 500 oC for both samples prepared at the sintering time of 3 and 12 hours.
Digital transformation in the business: a solution for developing cash accounting information systems and digitizing documents
Authors: Manh Tuan Nguyen , Hung Nguyen Quoc , Thi Hang Nguyen
Published: May 2021

Digital transformation is becoming an inevitable trend, having a profound impact on business activities, processes,, and modelsands improving the operational efficiency of businesses. In enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, accounting professions are mainly still handled manually on books and documents. They have not standardized the professions, especially those that arise in the course of operation. This makes it difficult for accounting such as accounting work gradually increases, the handling of work is delayed, easily confused and errors .... Leading to limiting the development and expanding the size of the business. The problem for each business is the need to automate some accounting operations to adapt to the trend and context of digital transformation, contributing to improving the competitive efficiency of the business. Stemming from the above difficulties, the research will find solutions to help businesses approach and apply processing operations professionally towards the formation of digital businesses. The article will focus on building cash accounting modules and handling professional accounting processes to implement digital transformation in enterprises. The operations mentioned in the article include building the professional process of cash accounting, controlling cash collection - spending, the process of digitizing documents stored at the enterprise, etc... The article will propose how to process data and make reports required by managers for decision-making based on invoices and handling arising transactions.
Analysis of impact of participate in agritourism on farmers household’s income in Lam Dong province
Authors: Nguyễn Dung Thái
Published: May 2021

The study uses the descriptive statistical method, the logistic regression method and the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method to analyze the impact of participation in agritourism on farmer household's income in Lam Dong province. The study garners survey data from 325 respondents (including 189 paticipants and 136 non-participants agritourism). The research results of the Logistic model show characteristic groups of household heads (factors of education); groups of farm characteristics factor (labor, distance, loan, farmer household income), and groups of awareness and, attitudes (awareness of agritourism, awareness of investment opportunities, awareness of income investment attraction) have an impact on the farmers' decisions to participate in agritourism in Lam Dong province. The study also shows that the correct prediction rate of the whole model is 85.5%. In addition, the results of the PSM methodology show the impact of the decision to conduct business agritourism business on the household income and there is a significant difference in income between the two groups of households participating and not participating in agritourism. This is the foundation for the study to propose a number of policy implications to promote and encourage farmer households to participate in the agritourism business, helping farmers improve income and contributing to the development of agritourism in Lam Dong province.
Effect of Acupressure at ShenMen Acupoint on the Sleep Quality of Nurses in Emergency Departments and Intensive Care Units
Authors:   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Abbasi Tadi Sajjad , Saberi Mahdieh ,   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Akbari Hossein ,   Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Sleep disorders in nurses have a significant impact on their patient care quality. This study aims to evaluate the effect of acupressure at ShenMen acupoint (HT7) on the sleep quality of nurses in emergency departments and Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Methods: In this randomized clinical trial with pre-test-post-test design with control group, participants were 80 nurses working in emergency departments and ICUs of hospitals in Kashan, Iran. There were divided into two groups of intervention and control using the block randomization method after signing a written informed consent form. The intervention group underwent acupressure intervention at HT7 in both hands twice per day for 4 weeks. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data collection tools were a demographic form and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive statistics and independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and paired t-test, considering a significance level of 0.05. Results: Pre-test results showed no statistically significant difference in the Mean±SD score of PSQI between the two groups of intervention (6.94±1.96) and control (7.53±3.57) (P>0.05), but the post-test results showed a significant increase in the mean score of PSQI in the intervention group (4.48±1.61) compared to the control group (6.83±2.81) (P<0.001). Conclusion: Acupressure on ShenMen acupoint can increase the sleep quality of nurses; therefore, it is recommended for the management of their sleeps.
Effect of Resistance Exercise and Vitamin C Intake on Expression of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase and Telomere Repeat Binding Factor-2 Genes and the Diameter and Number of Myofibrils in Old Rats
Authors:   Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Shirkhani Yousef , Peeri Maghsoud ,   Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Azarbayjani Mohammad Ali ,   Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Matinhomaee Hassan ,   Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Cell aging is one of the most important and fundamental step in cellular behavior and reduces muscle mass and myofibrils. This study aims to investigate the effect of resistance exercise along with vitamin C consumption on the expression of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) and Telomere Repeat Binding Factor-2 (TRF2) genes and the diameter and number of skeletal muscle myofibrils in old male Wistar rats. Methods: This is an experimental study using control groups. Twenty-five male Wistar rats (280-320 g and aged 24 weeks) were randomly divided into five groups of young control, old+resistance exercise, old+vitamin intake, old+resistance exercise+vitamin intake, and old control. In the supplementation groups, rats received liposomal vitamin C daily by gavage per body weight. Weight attached to the tail gradually increased during 8 weeks of exercise (weeks 1 and 2 by 50%; weeks 3 and 4 by 50%; weeks 5 and 6 by 75%; weeks 7 and 8 by 100% of total body weight). Exercises were performed at 3-5 sets of 8-12 repetitions, 3 or 4 days a week. The Quantitative polymerase chain reaction method was used to evaluate the expression of TERT and TRF2 genes in muscle tissue. One-way ANOVA was used to examine the difference between the groups and Tukey’s post hoc test was used to determine between which groups the difference was significant. Results: Aging significantly reduced the expression of TERT, TRF2 genes and the diameter and number of myofibrils in skeletal muscle of rats (P=0.001). Resistance exercise along with vitamin C intake had no significant effect on TERT and TRF2 expression (P≥0.05), but caused a significant increase in the diameter and number of myofibrils (P= 0.001). Conclusion: Eight weeks of resistance exercise along with vitamin C supplementation can significantly increase the number and diameter of skeletal muscle myofibrils in old rats.
Giovanni Tiepolo y Jules Chéret: de lo divino a lo mundano.
Authors: Mancilla González Eréndida Cristina
Published: May 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar los principales rasgos estilísticos y los valores simbólicos presentes en los carteles de Jules Chéret, que guardan relación con la obra del artista Giovanni Tiepolo. El análisis se desarrolló mediante el método iconográfico de Erwin Panofsky (1995), del que se tomaron los niveles de significación primaria o natural atendiendo a las funciones fática y expresiva, que constituyen una descripción pre-iconográfica de los elementos del cartel; adicionalmente, se estudió la significación secundaria o convencional para el establecimiento de la relación de los motivos artísticos y los temas abordados, los conceptos manifiestos en imágenes y alegorías presentes en las obras analizadas en el nivel iconográfico; finalmente, en el nivel iconológico se obtuvo la significación intrínseca mediante los valores simbólicos del cartel, encontrando la relación entre ambos autores a partir de dos conceptos básicos: lo divino y lo mundano.
Identificación del color con base en la nomenclatura del modelo HSB, entre profesionales del diseño en Tijuana
Authors: Torres de León Gloria Azucena , Landeros Lorenzana Karina Hildelisa , Pérez Llerenas Ma Teresa
Published: May 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar la habilidad para relacionar la nomenclatura del modelo HSB con el color como parte del proceso de percepción, entre los profesionales ocupados en las áreas del diseño y la arquitectura en la ciudad de Tijuana. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva en la que se utilizó el método cuantitativo según Hernández, Fernández y Baptista (2010). Los resultados arrojan que en la muestra analizada, los hombres relacionan correcamente los nombres del modelo HSB con los colores utilizados en el presente estudio, con una frecuencia más alta que las mujeres.
Preparation and Characterization of SnO2 / AC as a Novel High Surface Area Nanocatalyst
Authors: Wahoud Abdul Rahman Y. , Bamsaoud Salim F. , Al-Haiqi Mohammed A.
Published: May 2021

A new solid nanoparticle sorbent (SnO2 / AC) could serve as high surface area and inexpensive nanocatalyst was prepared. Many properties were characterized by SEM and UV spectroscopy. High surface area, large micro pore volume and total pore volume were found to be 571 m2 g−1, 0.4785 cm3 g−1 and 0.7267 cm3 g−1 respectively even with very high loaded ratio (60 %) of tin dioxide to Activated Carbon (SnO2 / AC). Taguchi factorial design method was used to get the maximum MB dye adsorption on the surface of SnO2 / AC nanoparticle sorbent. Contact time (60 min), initial dye concentration (5 mM) and solution temperature (293 K) were found to be the best conditions for the more effective absorption process.
The influence of information technology on the implementation of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code: A shift from paper-based to paperless ships
Authors: Ghosh Samrat , Abeysiriwardhane Apsara
Published: May 2021

To provide an international standard for the safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) introduced the International Safety Management (ISM) Code (adopted in 1993 and entered in force on 1st July 1998). The Code, through its guidelines and recommendations, provides seafarers (ship’s crew) the course of action for the safety and quality assurance process on ships. Traditionally a paper-based system, the ISM Code is now being digitalized in every aspect to streamline the processes to improve ship operations. This paper presents findings of a review of existing literature available on the world wide web to highlight areas of the Code that have been impacted by technology and the benefits that are being reaped. However, recent cyber attacks on ships and the maritime industry require a discussion on various implications associated with ships becoming increasingly reliant on technology and the advancing digital world. This paper highlights and explains the related implications and suggests strategies to address them.
Efektifitas Stimulasi Oral Terhadap Reflek Hisap Lemah Pada BBLR
Authors: Saputro Heri , Megawati Feri
Published: May 2021

Abstrak
Pendahuluan: Reflek hisap yang masih lemah menyebabkan bayi mempunyai reflek menelan yang lemah pula. Bayi dengan reflek hisap yang lemah menyebabkan bayi tidak mampu memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi secara maksimal, sehingga berat badan bayi menjadi rendah. Untuk mengatasi hal ini maka diupayakan untuk memberi stimulasi oral terhadap reflek hisap.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian stimulasi oral setelah terhadap reflek hisap lemah pada bayi
Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah one group pretest posttest dengan pendekatan cross sectional sejumlah 30 bayi. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah consecutive sampling
Hasil: refleks hisap bayi BBLR sebelum dilakukan stimulasi oral di IRNA Mawar RSUD dr. Iskak Tulungagung dari 30 responden, semua bayi BBLR mengalami refleks hisap lemah (100%), sedangkan dilakukan stimulasi oral memberikan efektifitas pada bayi BBLR dengan reflek hisap kuat sebesar 23 bayi (76,7%). Uji statistik menggunakan Paired Sample T-Test diperoleh nilai p value = 0,000 < 0,05 α sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima.
Kesimpulan: Stimulasi oral sangat bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kekuatan refleks hisap bayi, karena stimulasi oral dapat merangsang nervus X (nervus vagus), sehingga mengaktifkan refleks pada nervus X dan merangsang timbulnya rasa lapar pada bayi