bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soft Tissue Sarcoma, Version 2.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: von Mehren Margaret , Kane John M. , Agulnik Mark , Bui Marilyn M. , Carr-Ascher Janai , Choy Edwin , Connelly Mary , Dry Sarah , Ganjoo Kristen N. , Gonzalez Ricardo J. , Holder Ashley , Homsi Jade , Keedy Vicki , Kelly Ciara M. , Kim Edward , Liebner David , McCarter Martin , McGarry Sean V. , Mesko Nathan W. , Meyer Christian , Pappo Alberto S. , Parkes Amanda M. , Petersen Ivy A. , Pollack Seth M. , Poppe Matthew , Riedel Richard F. , Schuetze Scott , Shabason Jacob , Sicklick Jason K. , Spraker Matthew B. , Zimel Melissa , Hang Lisa E. , Sundar Hema , Bergman Mary Anne
Published: July 2022

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare malignancies of mesenchymal cell origin that display a heterogenous mix of clinical and pathologic characteristics. STS can develop from fat, muscle, nerves, blood vessels, and other connective tissues. The evaluation and treatment of patients with STS requires a multidisciplinary team with demonstrated expertise in the management of these tumors. The complete NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Soft Tissue Sarcoma provide recommendations for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of extremity/superficial trunk/head and neck STS, as well as retroperitoneal/intra-abdominal STS, desmoid tumors, and rhabdomyosarcoma. This portion of the NCCN Guidelines discusses general principles for the diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoneal/intra-abdominal STS, outlines treatment recommendations, and reviews the evidence to support the guidelines recommendations.
Predlog za obravnavo bolnika z astmo na primarni in pulmološki specialistični ravni v Sloveniji
Authors: Škrgat Sabina , Petek Davorina , Košnik Mitja , Hudoklin Irena , Zidarn Mihaela , Triller Nadja , Kopač Peter , Poplas Susič Tonka , Letonja Saša , Kajba Stanislav , Ogrič Lapajne Ana , Koren Igor , Novakovič Ana , Rozman Irma , Šorli Jurij , Gabrijelčič Jasmina , Edelbaher Natalija , Šubic Tjaša , Šegota Nikša , Marc Malovrh Mateja , Šarc Irena , Bajrovič Nissera , Osolnik Katarina , Pangerc Andrej , Fležar Matjaž
Published: July 2022

Z dokumentom želimo smernice, ki jih predlaga GINA, vključiti v slovenski prostor. Želimo, da bi dokument služil enotnemu in dogovorjenemu pristopu k obravnavi bolnikov z astmo na primarni in specialistični pulmološki ravni.
Forhandlinger af grænsens rum
Authors: Nørregaard Jørgensen Mikkel
Published: July 2022

This article explores how, and in which ways, the poems “Home” by poet Warsan Shire and “Brev till Europa” by poet Athena Farrokhzad performs an aesthetic critique of contemporary borders by establishing the figures “the home” and “Europe” as imaginary utopian borderscape formations. Through an analysis of the function of the two figures, the article concludes that the poems offer ways to re-imagine bordered spaces as spaces of solidarity.

Utopi, Dystopi, Borderscape, Grænseforestillinger, Grænseæstetik
Grænseforhandlende æstetik
Authors: Egendal Helle
Published: July 2022

The article explores the aesthetic and political potential of multilingual literature to describe and transgress borders. During the past 30 years, a new subgenre of transcultural literature has emerged, in which the author’s multilingual biography is mobilized for aesthetic experiments loaded with subversive power. The article refers to case studies from Denmark, Germany and Sweden: Yahya Hassan’s Yahya Hassan (2013) and Yahya Hassan 2 (2019), Feridun Zaimoğlu’s Kanak Sprak. 24 Misstöne vom Rande der Gesellschaft (1995), and Jonas Hassen Khemiri’s Ett öga rött (2003). The works are compared in respect to their ability to create voices that manage to break through the wall of the ghetto, interfering with the political dis- course on themes like migration, racism, and social inequality. The focus of the in- vestigation is on Yahya Hassan.
Idet landet forsvinder
Authors: Teistung Even
Published: July 2022

In Jenny Erpenbeck’s novel Heimsuchung (2008), the German national border is subject to continual change as the history of the 20th century is played out over the course of 11 main chapters, in which different occupants of a lakeside property move in and out of the narrative. The article examines the national border as struc- turing principle in Erpenbeck’s novel, and the interplay between border, national identity, Heimat and the plight of the refugee.
Mellem oprør og konformitet. Om uviljen mod at blive voksen i nordisk samtidslitteratur
Authors: Wennerscheid Sophie
Published: July 2022

Anmeldelse af: Camilla Schwartz: Take me to neverland. Voksenfobi og ungdomsdyrkelse i skandinavisk samtidslitteratur. Hellerup: Spring 2021. 265 sider.
Electricity and Climate Policy Measures: The Unknown Known
Authors: Rozentāle Līga
Published: July 2022

The Thesis focuses on researching the areas of Latvia's electricity policy that are underdeveloped or forgotten within the current electricity policy framework in order to define possible policy improvements from the perspective of achieving climate goals, providing proposals for the review of the National Energy and Climate Plan in 2023. The Thesis provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of specific electricity policy measures using different methodological approaches, which is finalized by applying theory-based approach to integrate all parts of the research on electricity policy measures into a common result.
Adaptīvie aklās izlīdzināšanas algoritmi QAM sistēmās
Authors: Kolosovs Deniss
Published: July 2022

Promocijas darbs veltīts aklās izlīdzināšanas problēmām QAM sistēmās. Tas piedāvā eksistējošo algoritmu optimizāciju, kas balstīta lēmuma pieņemšanas kļūdas varbūtības minimizācijā. Apskatīta aklās izlīdzināšanas algoritmu sintēzes pieeja, kas ļauj izmantot starpsimbolu interferences dispersijas samazināšanu kā mērķa funkciju ekvalaizera pieskaņošanai. Darbs piedāvā izlīdzināšanas algoritmu pārslēgšanas metodiku, nodrošinot to atbilstību paliekošās interferences līmenim. Darbā aprakstīta piedāvāto algoritmu FPGA implementācija un sniegti mērījumu rezultāti reālās radiosakaru līnijās.
Adaptive Blind Equalization Algorithms for QAM Systems
Authors: Kolosovs Deniss
Published: July 2022

The Doctoral Thesis is devoted to the problems of blind alignment in QAM systems. It offers an optimization of existing algorithms to minimize the error probability in decision-making. The theoretical foundation for grouping QAM constellation points to synthesize blind equalization algorithms is considered. The Thesis proposes a methodology for switching equalization algorithms, ensuring their compliance with the level of residual interference. It describes the FPGA implementation of the proposed algorithms and provides field measurement results.
Added value of coronal-T1W sequence to the lumbar MR imaging protocol for low back pain
Authors: Kahraman Ahmet Nedim , Vural Ahmet
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most appropriate imaging method to investigate low back pain. As low back pain is very common, a large number of MRI scans are performed.Objective: To evaluate the extraspinal findings and clinical effect of the T1-weighted spin echo (T1W SE) coronal sequence added to the lumbar MRI protocol for low back pain.Materials and methods: In 2015, we added a T1-weighted (T1W) coronal sequence to our routine lumbar MRI protocol. We retrospectively evaluated 969 lumbar MRI images for low back pain performed with this protocol. The extraspinal MRI findings obtained from them were then grouped as associated with low back pain (Category 1) and not associated with low back pain (Category 2). We also evaluated whether the recorded incidental extraspinal findings could be detected on conventional sagittal and axial images.Results: Ninety-six (63%) of the extraspinal findings were associated with low back pain (Category 1) and 56 (37%), Category 2. Seventy-eight percent of the extraspinal findings were detected only on coronal-T1W images and not on conventional images. Conclusion: Adding coronal-T1W sequence to the routine protocol of lumbar MRI can help to identify extraspinal findings and guide clinical treatment.
Descifrar el tiempo, el mundo. Presentación de Cronografías. Arte y ficciones de un tiempo sin tiempo, de Graciela Speranza. Barcelona: Anagrama, 2017
Authors: Zuñiga Diego
Published: July 2022

No presenta resumen
Roberto Ibáñez Ricóuz
Authors: Ibáñez Ricóuz Roberto
Published: July 2022

No presenta resumen
Effects of Various Fertilizer Doses on Mustard Crops under Zero Tillage System
Authors: Haque Md. Azizul , Nahar Kamrun , Roknuzzaman Md.
Published: July 2022

A field experiment was conducted at the BINA substation farm, Ishurdi, Pabna during 2018-2019, 2019-2020 to see the effects of various fertilizer doses on mustard plant under zero tillage system after harvest of T.aman rice. Nine treatments combination were used in the experiment. The treatments were T1: Native soil fertility only (no fertilizer), T2: 50% recommended N, T3: 100% recommended N, T4: 100% recommended NPKS, T5:125% recommended N, T6:125% recommended NPKS, T7: 50% recommended NPKS, T8: 50% recommended PKS+100%N, T9: 50% recommended PKS+125%N. Yield and yield contributing characters were recorded. Yields and yields contributing characters of mustard were significantly influenced with the different treatments. The treatment T4 (100% recommended NPKS) gave the highest seed yield followed by the treatment T5 (125 % recommended NPKS) in zero tillage condition. The results indicated that 100% NPKS (T4) or 125% NPKS (T6) enhanced more crop growth which influenced on greater seed yield of mustard. Partial cost-benefit analysis indicated that the treatments T8 and T9 was greater profitable than the treatments T4 and T6. However, considering at maximum yields and highest net return, the treatments T4 or T6 could be recommended for more production of mustard in zero tillage system. Therefore, fertilizer doses of the treatment T4 (N, P, K and S @ 90, 27, 32 and 15 kg ha-1) or the treatment T6 (N, P, K and S @ 113, 34, 40 and 19 kgha-1 ) could be adopted in the cultivation of mustard for getting maximum yields under zero tillage system in late sowing condition.
Constraints Perceived by Small Scale Goat Farmers of Kamrup, Kamrup Metro and Morigaon Districts of Assam
Authors: Saikia Ashim Kr. , Bhuyan D. , Akhtar F. , Borah P. , Nath M.
Published: July 2022

The present study was conducted to know the constraints perceived by the small scale goat farmers of Kamrup, Kamrup Metro and Morigaon districts of Assam. The data obtained on various constraints perceived by the goat farmers under the study were tabulated and analyzed statistically by using Garrett’s Ranking Technique. The study was conducted at Goat Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Burnihat, Kamrup Metro, Assam during the years, 2020-21 and 2021-22. For the purpose the research station prepared a questionnaire for surveying and data collection about various constraints faced by the goat farmers and entrepreneurs of three districts viz. Kamrup, Kamrup Metro and Morigaon who visited the station during the period for seeking advises and taking training on Scientific goat rearing and management. The farmers were asked to identify the constraints he/ she and their fellow farmers of their villages faced with respect to rearing of goats in their locality and to rank the constraints from 1 to 13 according to the seriousness of the constraints faced by them. The higher incidence of diseases was the major constraints of goat farmers with mean score of 77.66 and ranked first among the constraints in goat rearing. Scarcity of feed and fodder (63.76), lack of knowledge on scientific goat farming (63.25) and inadequate veterinary facilities (61.07) were ranked second, third and fourth major constraints, respectively. Similarly, high rate of kid mortality, lack of grazing land and scarcity of breedable male goat (buck) were ranked fifth, sixth and seventh, respectively as constraints in goat rearing. Non-availability of nutrient rich fodder trees/grasses, inbreeding, recurrent flood and lower sale prices of goats were some other constraints for the goat farmers surveyed during the study. From the study, it can be concluded that the small scale goat farmers of the districts of Kamrup, Kamrup Metro and Morigaon have a lot of constraints in goat rearing, the major being the incidence of diseases and scarcity of feed and fodder.
Adoption Behaviour of Farmers towards Improved Cultivation Practices of Soybean in Dimapur District of Nagaland, India
Authors: Chishi Kiniholi S. , Jahanara .
Published: July 2022

Soybean is known as “golden bean”, “miracle crop” etc, because of its several uses, It is an excellent source of protein and oil. Soybean is considered an important crop because of its dual purpose that is oil seed as well as pulses crop. In Nagaland, soybean is cultivated almost in all the districts. The present study was carried out during the session 2021-22. The investigation was conducted in Kuhuboto block of Dimapur district of Nagaland. A total number of 120 respondents from 6 villages were selected using proportionate random sampling procedure.

The study was conducted with the objectives to find out the characteristics of soybean growers, the extent of knowledge and ascertain the extent of adoption behavior of farmers towards improved cultivation practices of soybean and to delineate the constraints faced by the respondents and to obtain their suggestions. An interview schedule based on the study was prepared and data were collected and processed through primary and secondary tables and statistical analysis. The respondents were contacted personally and interviewed. The study revealed that majority of the soybean growers belonged to middle aged group, acquired Upper Primary school education, had medium level of annual income with small size of land holding. Majority of them had medium (10-20) years of farming experience, use of sources of information and medium level of extension contact. It was observed that the majority (70.84%) of the respondents had medium level of knowledge on improved cultivation practices of soybean followed by 13.33% having high and 15.83% having low knowledge level respectively. In respect of correlation analysis between knowledge level and the independent variables, it shows that annual income, land holding and extension contact had positive and found to be significant. Whereas, age, education, marital status, family type, family size, type of house, occupation, farming experience, mass media exposure and source of information was found to be non-significant. As for analysis between adoption level and the independent variables, it was revealed that variables like annual income, land holding and extension contact are significantly associated with adoption of soybean growers. Further, the variables age, education, marital status, type of family, family size, type of house, occupation, farming experience, mass media exposure and source of information was found to be non significant. The major constraints faced by the respondents were lack of proper resources and capital, high cost of inputs, lack of proper information at time, lack of consultancy, shortage of labors etc.
Treasury Single Account: Tool for Resource Control and Fraud Mitigation
Authors: Chukwugeku Isoso, Monday , Nkemjika Ogujiofor Magnus
Published: July 2022

This study is carried out to investigate the influence of Treasury Single Account (TSA), on public sector resources management in Nigeria: a study of south-south Nigeria. The study empirically explores the extent to which TSA has influenced appropriation control and cash management in the Nigerian public sector. To achieve these objectives, the survey research design was adopted using primary data with the help of a questionnaire distributed to purposely selected 300 staff of federal government MDAs in South-South Nigeria.  Two hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Regression analysis was used for data analysis and testing of hypothesis. The outcome of the study revealed that TSA has a very strong and positive relationship with level of appropriation in public sector in Nigeria. More so, TSA has a strong and positive relationship with level of cash management in public sector in Nigeria. Fraud control positively and significantly moderates the relationship between TSA and public sector resources management in Nigeria. This research concludes that the introduction of TSA has significantly enhanced consolidation of cash resources of the government. The study however, recommended among others that TSA adoption is essential for actualization of public sector resources management, thus government should create more awareness of the benefits of TSA to employees of MDAs and the general public. Government should ensure that internal control processes are adequate to monitor and deter employees’ corrupt activities. Adequate policies and regulations that would ensure TSA is extended to all agencies of government at all levels should be enacted.
Knowledge and Practice of Motorbike Riders on the Prevention of Road Traffic Accidents
Authors: Hossain Mosharof , Rahman Md. Motiur , Sultana Hafiza , Saha Tanmoy , Alom Foisal Mohammad Mosiul , Parvin Shahanaz
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are considered one of the important public health problems worldwide. Amongst the various types of accidents, motorbike accidents have been increasing day by day.

Objective: To assess the level of knowledge and practice of motorbike riders in the prevention of road traffic accidents.

Place & period of study: The study had been performed in the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) and different motorbike workshops in Dhaka city from January 2018 to December 2018.

Materials & Method: The cross-sectional study had been conducted among 193 motorbike riders to assess the level of knowledge and practice regarding the prevention of road traffic accidents. A purposive sampling technique was adopted and a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire collected data through face-to-face interviews.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 34.56±7.69 (SD) years where half of the respondents (50.8%) were graduates and above. The majority of the respondents (65.3%) were service holders. The mean years of driving were 7.15±6.9 years (SD). The majority of the respondents (63.7%) had no RTA within one year and the rest (36.3%) had RTA within one year. Most of the respondents (82.4%) had average knowledge of traffic signs and signals and on the other hand, most of the respondents (82.4%) had poor practice in traffic signs and signals. A highly significant statistical difference was found between knowledge of signs and signals and practice on signs and signals (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Prevention of road traffic accidents is crucial to creating awareness and taking proper measures toward road safety.
Education for Sustainable Development: A Study on the Attitude and Concerns on Climate Change Issues among Elementary School Teachers of Odisha, India
Authors: Mohapatra Shashwoti , Mallik Kapileswar , Satapathy M. K.
Published: July 2022

From fatal heat waves and cruel droughts to devastating floods and fast depleting water tables, climate change is the greatest destructor in the current time creating a threat to all living organisms including human being. Teachers being the agents of social change have an important role to play in moulding the behaviour of children to cope with the climate change stress. The present study was carried out with 462 (222 pre-service and 240 in-service) elementary school teachers taking a Likert type five point attitude scale with 30 items having six dimensions viz., science of climate change, causes of climate change, impacts of climate change, mitigation, national initiatives and policies and politics of climate change.

From the study, it was noted that though both pre-service and in-service teachers had favourable attitude towards climate change issues, pre-service teachers had higher level of concern than in-service teachers as reflected from their attitude scores. Dimension wise pre-service and in-service teachers had favourable attitude towards science of climate change, causes of climate change, impacts of climate change and mitigation, and negative attitude towards national initiatives and policies and politics of climate change. Urban teachers were more favourable than rural teachers in first four dimensions studied.

However, among in-service teachers rural teachers were more concerned on issues such as impacts of climate change and causes of climate change than on science of climate change, mitigation, national initiatives, policies and politics of climate change. Among pre-service teachers, there was no significant difference in the attitude scores between science and arts teachers, and male and female teachers. However, urban teachers had more favourable attitude than rural teachers. Among in-service teachers, there was significant difference in the attitude scores as far as subject (science/arts) and residence (urban/rural) are concerned. Rural in-service teachers had more favourable attitude than urban teachers.

The correlation between knowledge and attitude showed a positive relationship which reflected that with increase in knowledge there was increase in concern. The relationship between age and attitude showed that with increase in teacher’s age concern for climate change increased.
The Effect of Giving Various Natural Sources of ß-Carotene to Increased Color Intensity on the Oranda Goldfish (Carassius auratus)
Authors: Kautsar Muhamad Afif Adhwa , Lili Walim , Subiyanto . , Herman Roffi Grandiosa
Published: July 2022

This research aims to examine the effect of adding various sources of natural ß-Carotene obtained from sweet potato flour, carrot flour and pumpkin flour to the color brightness of Goldfish. The research was carried out from December 2021 to February 2022 at the Aquatic Animal Physiology Laboratory Building 2, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The treatments were negative control (A), positive control (B), 10% sweet potato flour (C), 10% carrot flour (D) and 10% pumpkin flour (E). Maintenance with treatment on the test fish was carried out for 60 days. Parameters observed included color brightness observed using Toca Color Finder (TCF), growth, life, and air quality (Temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen). The results showed that the addition of various sources of natural carotene in the feed had an effect on increasing the brightness of the color of the Oranda Goldfish (Carasius auratus). The highest value of increasing fish color brightness was found in treatment E with pumpkin flour as a natural source of ß-Carotene, namely 3.2 in the head, 3.3 in the body and 2.5 in the tail. Survival rate in this study is 100%. The water quality parameter values ​​are in good condition for the growth and survival rate of goldfish. Based on observations of water quality the results of temperature ranged from 24.2°C - 28°C, pH ranged from 6.88-7.62 and Dissolved Oxygen ranged from 5.8-8.0 mg/L.
Digital Framework Strategy for Patient Medication Adherence and Improvement in Medical Healthcare Centre Offa, Kwara State
Authors: Abdullateef O. Alabi , Otunola AbdulAkeem O. , Abdullateef A. T. , Lawal M. K.
Published: July 2022

The prospect behind digital transformation strategies makes the healthcare systems more  safe, affordable, and accessible with remarkable opportunities. The reasons why patients decided to have negative medication adherence became a critical challenge in the healthcare system. This study presents a Digital Framework Strategy DSF for patient medication adherence    to improve patient health during the treatment regime. A case study of the Federal Polytechnic Medical centre and clinical activities of Offa General Hospital examines the existing treatment of chronic diseases. The cloud-based server revolves around Convolution Neural Network (CNN) feature to perform a real-time collection of data and analytics of patient information. When thoroughly combined, the CNN of the neural network has a model of the application, which will form part of the desired output. This output presents a level of patient medication adherence within the parameters—the data around the enclosed sources. The approach  data was acquired with the patient wearing a sensor and smartphone devices. The model throughputs presented detailed analytics of individual patient adherence behaviors. The result of CNN performance revealed 96.99% accuracy of medication adherence level on a tested dataset collation, and the essence of digital framework analytics helped the healthcare workers (HCW) and healthcare providers to make prompt decisions on patients’ medical  conditions.
Impact of Drone Spraying of Nutrients on Growth and Yield of Maize Crop
Authors: Kaniska K. , Jagadeeswaran R. , Kumaraperumal R. , Ragunath K. P. , Kannan Balaji , Muthumanickam D. , Pazhanivelan S.
Published: July 2022

This study aimed at utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle in place of a conventional hand sprayer for the smart delivery of agricultural inputs especially crop nutrients. A field experiment was conducted in the farms of Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. There were nine treatments which were replicated thrice in a randomized block design. The treatments include NPK 19:19:19 along with liquid micronutrient, humic acid, and TNAU Maize maxim at two intervals viz., 50% Tasselling, and Cob filling stage. These nutrients were applied as foliar spray through battery operated and fuel operated drones and were compared with knapsack hand sprayer. Biometric observations such as plant height, leaf area, dry matter accumulation and yield parameters such as cob yield and number of grains per cob were observed during the critical crop growth stages. Foliar application of nutrients through drones had a significant influence on the growth and yield of maize crop. TNAU Maize maxim applied using the fuel-operated drone with an atomizer nozzle (T7) @ 30 lit/ac spray fluid recorded the maximum biometric and yield attributes than other treatments. Improved biometric attributes like plant height of 261.2 cm and 270.32 cm, LAI of 4.14 and 5.15, and DMP of 12354 kg/ha and 18564 kg/ha at 60 DAS and 90 DAS, respectively was recorded with drone spray. It also resulted in a grain and stover yield of 7195 kg/ha and 10942 kg/ha, respectively than hand sprayer.
Effect of Conservation Tillage and Precision Nitrogen Management on Wheat: A Review
Authors: Shukla Aditya , Kumar Mukesh , Shukla Akanksha
Published: July 2022

The most significant source of protein in the world is wheat, which accounts for roughly 21% of daily dietary protein requirements on average. With more than 60% of the population living in rural regions, the wheat crop system in Indian agriculture represents the backbone and the future of the country's economy. By speeding the oxidation and disintegration of organic matter, which results in the deterioration of soil characteristics, intensive ploughing causes a decrease in soil organic matter. To conserve resources, slow down soil degradation, adjust cropping systems to climate extremes, and increase agricultural sustainability over the long term, conservation agriculture (CA), which involves minimising soil disturbances, is widely supported. One of the greatest restrictions for CA is the immobilisation of N, which is mostly related to the presence of a continuous residue cover on the soil surface. The employment of some technologies, such as the SPAD metre, NDVI sensor, site-specific nutrient management through soil test crop response, nutrient expert LCC, etc., during the growing season for precision N management aids in meeting the crop's nitrogen needs with the least amount of environmental impact. This study aims to examine the research studies where precision nitrogen management technologies were applied in conservation agriculture and discuss the effects of these tools and techniques on wheat growth, productivity, and nutrient usage efficiency (NUE).
Cold Stress Tolerance Evaluation in Maize Double Haploid Genotypes
Authors: Shikha Kumari , Shahi J. P. , Singh Saurabh , Singamsetti Ashok , Vinayan M. T. , Sinha B.
Published: July 2022

The experimental materials consisting 218 maize double haploids and two commercial checks were screened at CIMMYT-BISA-Ludhiana-Punjab under natural cold stress (winter sowing) during rabi 2019-20. Data was recorded on leaf necrosis (seedling stage), ear leaf length, ear leaf width, ear leaf area, number of plants per plant, ears per plot, bareness and grain yield. These traits were observed to be highly correlated with cold tolerance and also exhibited moderate to high heritability except leaf width, bareness. DH_1_24, DH_1_67, DH_1_216, DH_1_17 and DH_1_180 are suitable for sowing in the winter season. Leaf necrosis observed as important criteria for selection of cold tolerant genotypes at vegetative stage and bareness at reproductive stage.
Fertilizer Effects on Panicle Characteristics, Grain Weight and Yield of Upland Rice in Lowlands of Taita Taveta, Kenya
Authors: Milela Ruth Minoo , Kambura Anne Kelly , Maghenda Marianne , Gacheru James , Maghanga Justin , Kimani John , Mcharo Mwamburi
Published: July 2022

This study was done at Mlughi Agricultural demonstration farm in Bura, Taita Taveta County-Kenya to test upland rice varietal performance and di-ammonium fertilizer effects on panicle characteristics and yield parameter. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with seven upland rice varieties and three fertilizer levels. The treatments were replicated thrice to give a total of 63 treatment combinations or plots. The experiment was carried out for two seasons (short rains from October to December 2018 and long rains from March to May 2019). The upland rice varieties included 17KH09010014B, 17KH09010093B, AT 058, China Hybrid, NERICA 1, NERICA 4, and NERICA 10. The fertilizer treatments were di-ammonium phosphate fertilizer (DAP), farm yard manure (FYM), and a control of no fertilizer. Topdressing was done at the flowering stage with NPK fertilizer. Data collected included plant height, number of leaves, tiller number, panicle length, spikelets count per panicle, grain yield ha-1 and weight of 1000 grains. The data were subjected to multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) using R version 3.6.1 program and Tukey’s HSD test, p ≤ 0.05 was used to separate the significant means. The results showed that there was significant influence (p = 0.0001) of overall seasonal, treatment and variety on the yield of rice grains in tonnes per hectare. The 2018 season had the lowest tonnage compared to the 2019 season. Crops under the control treatment yielded the least tonnage per hectare while the DAP treated fields yielded the highest in both seasons. NERICA 4 was the highest yielding variety while AT 058 was the least yielding among the treatments in both seasons. It was therefore concluded that the application of DAP and FYM significantly increased rice productivity. Farmers are therefore encouraged to carry out soil fertility testing occasionally and to plant NERICA varieties.
Relationship of Neck Circumference and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cross-sectional Study in Pakistani Population
Authors: Asad Faisal , Moin Madiha , Ubedullah . , Rehman Saif Ur , Rehman Fasih Ur
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study aimed to determine the reliability of neck circumference in comparison to BMI for a measure of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and determine the interaction between neck circumference and the severity of apnea in the Pakistani adult population.

Materials and Methods: A total of 306 subjects, were recruited retrospectively for the cross-sectional research in the Department of Pulmonary Vascular and Sleep Disorders in Dow University Hospital, Karachi. We reviewed the hospital records to evaluate the BMI, neck circumference, and AHI from June 2018 to February 2022 by non-Random Purposive sampling. The patients 1) who were adults with age more than 18 years and 2) patients with obstructive sleep apnea who were diagnosed through the Polysomnography test were included. IBM SPSS statistics 25 was used for data analysis. Statistical significance was considered as a p-value <0.05.

Results:  The average age was 52.3 ± 11.4 years. Results showed that sleep apnea was found to be more prevalent and severe in males than in females. Increased neck circumference is associated with the severity of sleep apnea and is found to be significant in male subjects (p=0.018) but not in females (0.577). The neck circumference and the BMI had a statistically significant relationship among the male group and female group (p=0.006 and p=<0.001) which shows that individually neck circumference is not a significant risk factor to diagnose OSA. In multivariate regression, we found a strong association between obesity (OR: 4.3; 95% CI: 2.03-9.38; p-value: 0.00) and males (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.41-3.73; p-value: 0.001) among obstructive sleep apnea patients.

Conclusion:  In conclusion, the individuals who have large neck circumference have raised BMI, and the traditional indicators for instance males, older age, and BMI were associated with OSA but a larger neck circumference as an independent element was not linked to OSA. In addition, the correlation of large necks with OSA is found to be significant in male subjects but not in females.
Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis: Review
Authors: Ayoub Maha
Published: July 2022

In atherosclerosis, apolipoprotein B-lipoproteins in blood artery matrix attract monocytes, which become macrophages and dendritic cells. Macrophages generated from recruited monocytes cause a maladaptive, non-resolving inflammatory response that increases subendothelial layer. Some lesions cause myocardial infarction, stroke, and sudden cardiac death. Modern atherosclerosis research focuses on the molecular biology of atherogenesis, although the disease's complex pathophysiology is still unknown. The goal of this research is to examine the mechanisms of atherosclerosis development, such as endothelial dysfunction, fatty streak formation, fibrous plaque formation, and plaque rupture (Fig. 1.). This article takes a thorough look at the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, addressing the pathological and biochemical mechanisms of atherosclerotic plaque development and growth. Atherosclerosis pathogenesis and disease development are the primary topics of discussion in this review, which focuses on the disease's particular targets.
Evaluation of Gabapentin and Transforaminal Corticosteroid Injections for Brachioradial Pruritus
Authors: Gutierrez Rodrigo A. , Berger Timothy G. , Shah Vinil , Agnihothri Ritesh , Demir-Deviren Sibel , Fassett Marlys S.
Published: July 2022

This case series compares the reported outcomes of transforaminal injections and oral medications in patients with a brachioradial pruritus diagnosis.
Unraveling the Mechanism on Ultrahigh Efficiency Photocatalytic H2O2 Generation for Dual‐Heteroatom Incorporated Polymeric Carbon Nitride
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Peifang , Chen Juan , Gao Xin , Che HuinanN. , Liu Bin , Ao Yanhui
Published: July 2022

Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production from dioxygen and water is regarded as a promising technology since it can achieve sustainable and green solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion. Herein, oxygen and potassium dual‐heteroatom incorporated polymeric carbon nitride (O/KCN) is rationally designed for H2O2 generation with an ultrahigh rate of 309.44 µM h−1 mg−1, which surpasses that of other C3N4‐based photocatalysts. The enhanced performance can be ascribed to the effective light absorption, fast charge transfer/separation, strong oxygen adsorption, and highly selective two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Density functional theory calculations further confirm that the obtained O/KCN is more favorable than others for electrons migrating from β spin‐orbital to π* orbitals of O2 molecule, thus optimizing O2 molecule activation to promote the formation of intermediate species *OOH and decrease the energy barrier of H2O2 production. This work not only provides in‐depth insights for the photocatalytic H2O2 generation mechanism, but also lays the foundation for further development of highly active photocatalysts for environmental remediation and energy conversion.
Effect of Magnetic Impurities on Superconductivity in LaH10
Authors: Semenok Dmitrii V. , Troyan Ivan A. , Sadakov Andrey V. , Zhou Di , Galasso Michele , Kvashnin Alexander G. , Ivanova Anna G. , Kruglov Ivan A. , Bykov Alexey A. , Terent'ev Konstantin Y. , Cherepakhin Alexander V. , Sobolevskiy Oleg A. , Pervakov Kirill S. , Seregin Alexey Yu. , Helm Toni , Förster Tobias , Grockowiak Audrey D. , Tozer Stanley W. , Nakamoto Yuki , Shimizu Katsuya , Pudalov Vladimir M. , Lyubutin Igor S. , Oganov Artem R.
Published: July 2022

Polyhydrides are a novel class of superconducting materials with extremely high critical parameters, which is very promising for sensor applications. On the other hand, a complete experimental study of the best so far known superconductor, lanthanum superhydride LaH10, encounters a serious complication because of the large upper critical magnetic field HC2(0), exceeding 120–160 T. It is found that partial replacement of La atoms by magnetic Nd atoms results in significant suppression of superconductivity in LaH10: each at% of Nd causes a decrease in TC by 10–11 K, helping to control the critical parameters of this compound. Strong pulsed magnetic fields up to 68 T are used to study the Hall effect, magnetoresistance, and the magnetic phase diagram of ternary metal polyhydrides for the first time. Surprisingly, (La,Nd)H10 demonstrates completely linear HC2(T) ∝ |T – TC|, which calls into question the applicability of the Werthamer–Helfand–Hohenberg model for polyhydrides. The suppression of superconductivity in LaH10 by magnetic Nd atoms and the robustness of TC with respect to nonmagnetic impurities (e.g., Y, Al, C) under Anderson's theorem gives new experimental evidence of the isotropic (s‐wave) character of conventional electron–phonon pairing in lanthanum decahydride.
Bioinspired Anti‐Fogging and Anti‐Fouling Artificial Compound Eyes
Authors: Li Minjing , Yang Tongzhen , Yang Qing , Fang Zheng , Bian Hao , Zhang Chengjun , Hou Xun , Chen Feng
Published: July 2022

Curved artificial compound eyes (ACEs) attract enormous research interest owing to their potential applications in medical devices, surveillance imaging, target tracking, and so on. However, fog, dust, or other liquids are likely to condense on the device surface under a humid, low‐temperature environment or outdoors, thus affecting the optical performance. In this work, a multi‐functional ACE (MF‐ACE) is fabricated by a combination of i) femtosecond laser wet etching, ii) soft lithography, and iii) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) swelling methods. The fabricated device is close‐packed with over 3000 microlenses (≈108 µm diameter and ≈15 µm height) on a spherical macrolens (6.56 cm diameter and 0.87 cm height). The trapped silicone oil in the cross‐linked PDMS endows the as‐fabricated ACE with excellent water repellence and anti‐fogging, anti‐fouling, and self‐cleaning abilities. In addition, the ACE shows high optical performance and the ommatidia have a spatial resolution of 50.8 lp mm−1. The imaging and focusing experiments demonstrate its high optical properties and uniformity. It is anticipated that this research may provide useful guidelines for the fabrication of anti‐fogging and anti‐fouling optical devices, and such device enables potential applications in autonomous vehicles, medical, or vision systems under harsh environmental conditions.
Density Functional‐Based Tight‐Binding Simulations of Pristine and Aluminum‐Modified Silica
Authors: Dernov Andrei , Tong Zhen , Kumar Ravi , Agarwal Pulkit , Frauenheim Thomas , Dumitrică Traian
Published: July 2022

Using self‐consistent density functional tight‐binding simulations it is shown that Aluminum (Al) content in amorphous silica (a‐SiO2) changes its ideal microscopic structure in a manner compatible to densification. Similar to the structure of pressure‐densified a‐SiO2, the Al‐modified a‐SiO2 comprises a network of Silicon (Si)‐centered tetrahedra as well as unquenchable pentahedra and, to a smaller extent, hexahedra coordination defects. Al itself acts not only as a network former, with fourfold coordination, but also as a center for fivefold and sixfold coordination defects. Al content promotes densification since it shifts the potential energy minima at densities larger than in their pristine counterpart. Calculations uncover that Young's modulus (Y) and static dielectric constants (ε0) can be effectively doubled through densification. Oxygen starvation promotes network polymerization, which further increases Y and ε0. However, the small rings formation through Si─Si bonding and presence of undercoordinated Si introduce electronic states in the electronic band gap. The results provide guidance for the bottom‐up design of amorphous silica with tunable microscopic structure and properties desirable for advancing electronic applications.
Construction of Benzocyclobutenes Enabled by Visible‐Light‐Induced Triplet Biradical Atom Transfer of Olefins
Authors: Liu Jiaxin , Hao Tonggang , Qian Ling , Shi Min , Wei Yin
Published: July 2022

Herein, we report a method that provides an array of benzocyclobutanol and benzocyclobutylamine derivatives with broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance under mild reaction conditions. The reaction proceeds by engaging triplet biradical atom transfer of olefinic compounds in the activation of remote C(sp3)−H bonds upon visible‐light irradiation. The reaction mechanism involves the generation of triplet excited state of diarylethylene derivative and subsequent HAT process, and then the further ring‐closing reaction affording the product via an electrocyclization process. The plausible mechanism is supported by control and deuterium labeling experiments, kinetic analysis, and DFT calculations.
Site‐Selective C−H Arylation of Diverse Arenes Ortho to Small Alkyl Groups
Authors: Dhankhar Jyoti , Hofer Micha D. , Linden Anthony , Čorić Ilija
Published: July 2022

Catalytic systems for direct C−H activation of arenes commonly show preference for electronically activated and sterically exposed C−H sites. Here we show that a range of functionally rich and pharmaceutically relevant arene classes can undergo site‐selective C−H arylation ortho to small alkyl substituents, preferably endocyclic methylene groups. The C−H activation is experimentally supported as being the selectivity‐determining step, while computational studies of the transition state models indicate the relevance of non‐covalent interactions between the catalyst and the methylene group of the substrate. Our results suggest that preference for C(sp2)−H activation next to alkyl groups could be a general selectivity mode, distinct from common steric and electronic factors.
Safety and Efficacy of Bimekizumab in Patients With Active Psoriatic Arthritis: Three‐Year Results From a Phase IIb Randomized Controlled Trial and Its Open‐Label Extension Study
Authors: Coates Laura C. , McInnes Iain B. , Merola Joseph F. , Warren Richard B. , Kavanaugh Arthur , Gottlieb Alice B. , Gossec Laure , Assudani Deepak , Bajracharya Rajan , Coarse Jason , Ink Barbara , Ritchlin Christopher T.
Published: July 2022

Objective

To assess the long‐term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of bimekizumab in active psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

Methods

Adult patients with active PsA who completed the double‐ and dose‐blind periods of the BE ACTIVE randomized controlled trial were eligible to enroll in the open‐label extension (OLE) study at week 48, after which patients received 160 mg of bimekizumab every 4 weeks. Safety and efficacy results are presented through 152 weeks.

Results

At week 152, 161 of 206 patients (78.2%) remained in the study. From weeks 0–152, 184 of 206 patients experienced ≥1 treatment‐emergent adverse event (126.4 per 100 patient‐years). The most frequent events were nasopharyngitis (7.6 per 100 patient‐years), upper respiratory tract infection (6.8 per 100 patient‐years), bronchitis (3.5 per 100 patient‐years), and oral candidiasis (3.5 per 100 patient‐years). Additionally, 47 of 206 patients had mild to moderate localized fungal infections (9.7 per 100 patient‐years), including 24 of 206 patients who had Candida infections (4.6 per 100 patient years) and 19 of 206 patients who had oral candidiasis (3.5 per 100 patient years). Four patients had serious infections (0.7 per 100 patient‐years); there were no reported cases of active tuberculosis, adjudicated major adverse cardiac events, or deaths. Efficacy demonstrated at week 48 was sustained in the OLE study. At week 152, nonresponder imputation analysis showed that 52.9% of patients (69.4% of observed cases) achieved the American College of Rheumatology criteria for 50% improvement, 57.7% (73.8% of observed cases) achieved 100% skin clearance per the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, and 51.5% (67.5% of observed cases) achieved minimal disease activity. Patients also maintained improvements in pain, physical function, and health‐related quality of life.

Conclusion

The safety profile of bimekizumab was consistent with previous reports, with no new safety signals identified. Sustained joint and efficacy responses were observed over 3 years.
The 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition: From Conception to Quantum Chemical Design
Authors: Beutick Steven E. , Vermeeren Pascal , Hamlin Trevor A.
Published: July 2022

The 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition (1,3‐DCA) reaction, conceptualized by Rolf Huisgen in 1960, has proven immensely useful in organic, material, and biological chemistry. The uncatalyzed, thermal transformation is generally sluggish and unselective, but the reactivity can be enhanced by means of metal catalysis or by the introduction of either predistortion or electronic tuning of the dipolarophile. These promoted reactions generally go with a much higher reactivity, selectivity, and yields, often at ambient temperatures. The rapid orthogonal reactivity and compatibility with aqueous and physiological conditions positions the 1,3‐DCA as an excellent bioorthogonal reaction. Quantum chemical calculations have been critical for providing an understanding of the physical factors that control the reactivity and selectivity of 1,3‐DCAs.In silicoderived design principles have proven invaluable for the design of new dipolarophiles with tailored reactivity. This review discusses everything from the conception of the 1,3‐DCA all the way to the state‐of‐the‐art methods and models used for the quantum chemical design of novel (bioorthogonal) reagents.
Chaos and order in a local barred galaxy model
Authors: Alrebdi Haifa I. , Zotos Euaggelos E.
Published: July 2022

We use an analytical gravitational model that describes the local motion of stars near the central region of a barred galaxy. By integrating and classifying large sets of starting conditions of trajectories we manage to determine how the important parameters of the bar, such as its mass, strength, scale length, and angular velocity influence the motion of stars. For the orbit taxonomy, we combine traditional dynamical methods such as the classical Poincaré surface of section along with modern chaos indicators such as the Smaller Alignment Index (SALI). Our results of the local galactic model are compared with previous studies using global gravitational models.