bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis and clinical application of iris circulation in ischemic retinal disease
Authors: Jia Yanwen , Xue Wenwen , Tong Xiaowei , Wang Yulan , Cui Lipu , Zou Haidong
Published: November 2021

Background

To evaluate quantitative changes in iris blood circulation in patients with ischemic risk.

Methods

This observational case-control study included 79 patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). The RVO group included 21 patients; the monocular proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group included 19 patients; the nondiabetic retinopathy (NDR) group included 18 patients; and the healthy control group included 21 healthy controls. In the RVO group, we analyzed RVO affected eyes, RVO contralateral eyes, and healthy control eyes. We also compared eyes with PDR and contralateral eyes without PDR, patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) without DR, and healthy control eyes. The microvascular networks of the iris and retina were analyzed using optical coherence tomography angiography. The analysis included vessel area density (VAD) and vessel skeleton density (VSD) of iris and retina.

Results

In the RVO group, the VAD and VSD of iris in the affected eye were higher than those in contralateral and healthy control eyes, and the VAD and VSD of contralateral eyes were higher than those of healthy control eyes. The retinal blood flow of the RVO eyes was less than that of the contralateral and healthy control eyes, but there were no difference between the contralateral eyes and healthy control eyes. The VAD and VSD of iris in PDR were larger than nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and the NPDR were larger than NDR. There were no differences between NDR and healthy control eyes. Also, there were no differences among the four groups with respect to retinal blood flow.

Conclusions

Compared with the retina, iris blood circulation quantitative analysis data seem to be more sensitive to ischemia and may be used as a new predictor of ischemic disease, even if further research is needed to better understand the clinical value and importance of this analysis.

Trial registration

The trial is registered with the clinical trial registration number nct03631108.
Independent and combined influences of physical activity, screen time, and sleep quality on adiposity indicators in Indian adolescents
Authors: Moitra Panchali , Madan Jagmeet , Verma Preeti
Published: November 2021

Background

Inadequate physical activity (PA), excess screen time (ST), and sub-optimal sleep quality tend to co-occur during adolescence. Yet, little is known about the associations of these behaviors as a cluster with adiposity indicators in Indian adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the independent and combined influences of PA, ST, and sleep quality on body mass index (BMI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) in 10–15 years old adolescents in Mumbai, India. A secondary aim was to explore if these influences vary between sexes.

Methods

Cross-sectional study. Adolescents (n = 772, mean age 13.2 (1.4) years) reported frequency and duration of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and time spent using screens on a previously validated instrument. Sleep quality was estimated using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. Mixed effect logistic regression analyses were performed to explore associations between adiposity indicators (BMI z scores > +1SD and WHtR > 0.5) and unhealthy behaviors (PA < 60 min/d, ST > 120 min/d and PSQI scores > 5), stratified by sex.

Results

The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 38.3%. Overall, 62.0 and 85.0% reported MVPA< 60 min/d and ST > 120 min/d respectively. Girls reported higher ST (218.21 (69.01) min/d) as compared to boys (165.3 (101.22) min/d, p < 0.001). Clustering of low PA and excess ST was observed in 69.2% and of all three unhealthy behaviors in 18.8%. Among girls, MVPA < 60 min/d (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.54–1.92, p < 0.001) and PSQI scores > 5 (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.78–2.25, p < 0.001) predicted increased BMI. The odds of overweight/obesity were 2.10 times higher in boys reporting low PA and 4.13 times higher in those with low PA+ ST > 120 min/d. Clustering of all three unhealthy behaviors increased prevalence of obesity in both sexes.

Conclusions

The results indicated a co-existence of multiple unhealthy lifestyle factors of obesity and that clustering of these behaviors can further aggravate obesity risk as compared to their independent effects. Integrated interventions that leverage the cumulative benefits of being active, less sedentary and sufficient sleep are warranted to facilitate greater improvements in obesity risk behaviors.
Single-stage debridement via autogenous iliac bone graft through the OLIF corridor and lateral fixation in treating spontaneous single-level lumbar pyogenic spondylodiscitis
Authors: Wu Songsong , Lin Bin , Li Xi , Chen Shengkai , Zhang Haonan , Wu Zhanglin , Tang Shenghui , Yang Yuehua , Liang Biru
Published: November 2021

Background

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of mini-open oblique debridement and lumbar interbody fusion combined with lateral screw fixation for treating single-level pyogenic spondylodiscitis.

Methods

Twelve patients with single-level lumbar pyogenic spondylodiscitis underwent OLIF combined with lateral screw fixation were analyzed. Patients underwent follow-up for 12 to 24 months. The clinical characteristics, etiological examinations, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analog scale score (VAS), postoperative complications, and the bony fusion rate were recorded.

Results

The mean follow-up period of time was 14.8 months. The average operative time and intra-operative blood loss were 129.0 ± 19.76 min and 309.2 ± 92.96 mL, respectively. No severe intra-operative complications were observed during surgery, except in 1 case that develops abdominal pain and distension after surgery, 2 cases that develop left-sided transient thigh pain/numbness and 8 cases that complains of donor site (iliac crest) pain. All of these symptoms disappeared 8 weeks after surgery. Tissue sample cultures were obtained from all patients intraoperatively and four (33.3%) were positive, including 2 with Staphylococcus aureus, 1 with Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 1 with Escherichia coli. During an average of 22.5 ± 2.1 days (range, 14–29 days) after surgery, WBC, CPR, and ESR levels in all patients had returned to normal. All patients were pain free with no recurring infection. Solid bony fusions were observed in all cases within 6 months, including 10 with I grade fusion, 2 with II grade fusion according to the classification suggested by Burkus et al. No fixation failure was observed during follow up and solid bony fusions were observed in all 12 patients at finally follow-up. A significant postoperative increase was also observed in the mean segmental height and lordosis (P < 0.05), followed by a slight decrease of segmental height and lordosis at final follow-up. At the final follow up, the mean VAS (1.5 ± 0.6) and ODI (18.9 ± 7.6) were significantly lower than VAS (8.4 ± 2.7) and ODI (71.2 ± 16.5) before surgery (P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Single-stage debridement with autogenous iliac bone graft through the OLIF corridor and lateral fixation was a feasible surgical approach in our consecutive 12 cases of pyogenic spondylitis.
Early evaluation of the transition from an analog to an electronic surgical logbook system in Sierra Leone
Authors: Sung Sophia , Hørthe Hilde , Svendsen Øyvind Veel , van Duinen Alex J. , Salvesen Øyvind , Vandi Alphonsus , Bolkan Håkon A.
Published: November 2021

Background

Surgical logbooks are a commonly used tool for quality assurance of surgical training. Electronic logbooks are increasingly applied in low-resource settings, but there is limited research on their quality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of an app-based surgical e-logbook system shortly after its implementation in a low-income country and to identify potential areas of improvement for the system.

Methods

Entries in the e-logbook system were cross-checked with hospital records and categorized as matched or overreported. Moreover, the hospital records were checked for underreported procedures. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with users of the e-logbook system.

Results

A total of 278 e-logbook database entries and 379 procedures in the hospital records from 14 users were analyzed. Matches were found in the hospital records for 67.3% of the database entries. Moreover, 32.7% of the database entries were overreported and 50.7% of the procedures in the hospital records were underreported. A previous study of an analog surgical logbook system in the same setting estimated that 73.1% of the entries were matches or close matches. Interviews with 12 e-logbook users found overall satisfaction but also identified potential areas of improvement, including the need for more training in the use of the system, modifications to improve user-friendliness, and better access to the necessary technology.

Conclusions

A reliable documentation system is necessary to evaluate the quality of health workforce training. The early evaluation of a surgical e-logbook system in a low-income country showed that the collected data should be approached with caution. The quantitative analysis suggests that the e-logbook system needs to be improved in terms of accuracy. In interviews, users reported that digitalization of the logbook system was a much-needed innovation but also identified important areas of improvement. Recognition of these aspects at an early stage facilitates guidance and adjustment of further implementation and might improve the accuracy of the system.
Combining in-situ simulation and live HEMS mission facilitator observation: a flexible learning concept
Authors: Bredmose Per P. , Hagemo Jostein , Østergaard Doris , Sollid Stephen
Published: November 2021

Background

Continuous medical education is essential in Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS). In-situ simulation training makes it possible to train in a familiar environment. The use of a dedicated facilitator is essential; however, when an in-situ simulation training session is interrupted by a live mission, the efforts invested in the training are left unfulfilled. This study aims to evaluate if HEMS mission observation and debriefing by the simulation facilitator is a feasible alternative to mission-interrupted simulation training, and how this alternative to simulation training is perceived by both facilitators and HEMS crew members.

Methods

Facilitator observation during live missions and post-mission debriefing was offered as an alternative to mission-interrupted simulation training over a one-year period at three HEMS bases. Immediate feedback was requested from crews and facilitators after each observed live mission on a predefined questionnaire. At the end of the study period, semi-structured interviews were performed with a sample of HEMS crew members and facilitators to further explore the experience with the concept. Numerical data about the sessions were recorded continuously.

Results

A total of 78 training sessions were attempted, with 46 (59%) of the simulations conducted as planned. Of the remaining, 23 (29%) were not started because the crew had other duties (fatigued crew or crew called for a mission where observation was inappropriate/impossible), and 9 (12%) training sessions were converted to observed live missions. In total, 43 (55%), 16 (21%) and 19 (24%) attempts to facilitate simulation training were undertaken on the three bases, respectively. The facilitators considered mission observation more challenging than simulation. The interviews identified local know-how, clinical skills, and excellent communication skills as important prerequisites for the facilitators to conduct live mission observation successfully. Participating crews and facilitators found simulation both valuable and needed. Being observed was initially perceived as unpleasant but later regarded as a helpful way of learning.

Conclusion

Live mission observation and debriefing seems a feasible and well-received alternative to an in-situ simulation program in HEMS to maximise invested resources and maintain the learning outcome. Furthermore, additional training of simulation facilitators to handle the context of live mission observation may further improve the learning output.
Detrimental relevance of Helicobacter pylori infection with sarcopenia
Authors: Wu Shou-En , Chen Wei-Liang
Published: November 2021

Background

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), Gram negative microaerophilic bacteria, is a well-known pathogen of many gastrointestinal diseases. But several emerging evidences suggest it role in numerous other extra-gastric diseases. The current study investigates the relationship between H. pylori infection and sarcopenia, a clinical condition characterized by the loss of mass and function of skeletal muscle. A total of 3453 eligible participants from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), the United States, were enrolled. Based on the serum laboratory results, subjects were categorized into three groups: normal (without evidence of any H. pylori infection), anti-H. pylori IgG positive [H. pylori (+)], and concurrent anti-H. pylori IgG and anti-cytotoxin-associated gene A IgG positive [CagA (+)]. Sarcopenia was determined as having a skeletal muscle index (SMI) value that is more than 1 standard deviation away from the mean value of sex-specific, healthy young adults between 20 and 39 years old. Risk of sarcopenia and its components are compared between subgroups.

Results

Odds ratios (OR) for confirmed diagnosis of sarcopenia were higher in H. pylori (+) (OR = 2.052, 95% CI 1.697–2.481, p < 0.001) and CagA (+) (OR = 1.585, 95% CI 1.278–1.965, p < 0.001) groups. Moreover, negative beta regression coefficient of SMI were shown in H. pylori (+) (β: − 0.023, p < 0.001) and CagA (+) (β: − 0.017, p < 0.001). Sub-analyses which categorized participants by gender revealed that absolute value of beta regression coefficient for SMI were higher in female in H. pylori (+) subgroup (β: − 1.745 in male and − 2.942 in female, p were both < 0.001), and the CagA (+) subgroup (β: − 1.407 in male and − 2.159 in female, p were both < 0.001).

Conclusions

Positive serum H. pylori infectious markers including anti-H. pylori antibody and CagA seropositivity are correlated with sarcopenia and low muscle quantity. Therefore, H. pylori eradication therapy may bring benefits to sarcopenia patients with concurrent active H. pylori infection.
A comparative analysis of L1 retrotransposition activities in human genomes suggests an ongoing increase in L1 number despite an evolutionary trend towards lower activity
Authors: Wehbi Sawsan Sami , zu Dohna Heinrich
Published: November 2021

Background

LINE-1 (Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements, L1) retrotransposons are the only autonomously active transposable elements in the human genome. The evolution of L1 retrotransposition rates and its implications for L1 dynamics are poorly understood. Retrotransposition rates are commonly measured in cell culture-based assays, but it is unclear how well these measurements provide insight into L1 population dynamics. This study applied comparative methods to estimate parameters for the evolution of retrotransposition rates, and infer L1 dynamics from these estimates.

Results

Our results show that the rates at which new L1s emerge in the human population correlate positively to cell-culture based retrotransposition activities, that there is an evolutionary trend towards lower retrotransposition activity, and that this evolutionary trend is not sufficient to counter-balance the increase in active L1s resulting from continuing retrotransposition.

Conclusions

Together, these findings support a model of the population-level L1 retrotransposition dynamics that is consistent with prior expectations and indicate the remaining gaps in the understanding of L1 dynamics in human genomes.
Differential expression of gluconeogenic enzymes in early- and late-stage diabetes: the effect of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. Seed extract on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in Wistar-Albino rats model
Authors: Afshari Arezoo , Salimi Fouzieh , Nowrouzi Azin , Khalili Masoumeh Babaie , Bakhtiyari Salar , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza , Shabani Maryam , Ahadi Ali , Farhadiannezhad Masoumeh
Published: November 2021

Background

The medicinal plant Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. (C. colocynthis) may benefit patients at different phases of diabetes by attuning to contrasting situations. Our primary objective was to find the mechanism(s) behind the antidiabetic/anti-hyperlipidemic effects of C.colocynthis seed aqueous extract (CCAE) in two different stages of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in rats.

Methods

Fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels, body weights, and the degree of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were measured in healthy nondiabetic control rats (Con), as well as rats with early and late stages of T2D, denoted as ET2D and LT2D, respectively. CCAE was intraperitoneally (IP) injected for 28 days. In the end, the hepatic mRNA expression levels of the following genes were determined by RT-PCR: glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), insulin-dependent sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1). The liver was examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Oil-Red O staining. CCAE was partially analyzed by HPLC-DAD.

Results

ET2D and LT2D were characterized by differentially elevated FBS, deteriorated bodyweight, and significant IGT compared to Con. Hepatosteatoses of varying morphologies and higher hepatic expression of G6Pase than PRPCK in ET2D versus the opposite in LT2D further confirmed the divergent nature of metabolic aberrations. At the end of 28 days, the high levels of FBS, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglyceride (TG), urea, hepatic protein carbonyl content (PCC), and alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (AST and ALT, respectively) persisted in untreated LT2D. CCAE ameliorated oxidative stress and upregulated PPARα expression in diabetic groups and Con; it downregulated CPT1 expression in the LT2D group. CCAE’s ability to lower FBS and serum and hepatic TG in both ET2D and LT2D indicated its ability to act via different mechanisms. Ferulic acid (Fer A) and rutin hydrate (RH) were detected in CCAE.

Conclusion

CCAE lowered the FBS in ET2D via inhibiting the hepatic G6Pase expression (glycogenolysis). In LT2D, CCAE abated sugar levels by diverting PEPCK activity, preferably towards glyceroneogenesis than gluconeogenesis. The preserved triglyceride/fatty acid (TG/FA) cycle, the upregulated PPARα, and the downregulated CPT1 gene expressions reduced serum and hepatic TG.
Spatial working memory performance in people with obsessive–compulsive disorder, their unaffected first-degree relatives and healthy controls
Authors: Heinzel Stephan , Bey Katharina , Grützmann Rosa , Klawohn Julia , Kaufmann Christian , Lennertz Leonhard , Wagner Michael , Kathmann Norbert , Riesel Anja
Published: November 2021

Studies have shown that people with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) have impairments in spatial working memory (SWM) performance. However, it remains unclear whether this deficit represents a cognitive endophenotype preceding symptoms or a correlate of OCD. We investigated SWM in 69 people with OCD, 77 unaffected first-degree relatives of people with OCD and 106 healthy control participants. Taking age effects into account, SWM performance was best in healthy controls, intermediate in relatives and worst in OCD participants. However, since performance did not differ significantly between healthy controls and relatives, our study does not fully support SWM performance as a core cognitive endophenotype of OCD.
Dockside Reading
Authors: Hofmeyr Isabel
Published: November 2021

In Dockside Reading Isabel Hofmeyr traces the relationships among print culture, colonialism, and the ocean through the institution of the British colonial Custom House. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, dockside customs officials would leaf through publications looking for obscenity, politically objectionable materials, or reprints of British copyrighted works, often dumping these condemned goods into the water. These practices, echoing other colonial imaginaries of the ocean as a space for erasing incriminating evidence of the violence of empire, informed later censorship regimes under apartheid in South Africa. By tracking printed matter from ship to shore, Hofmeyr shows how literary institutions like copyright and censorship were shaped by colonial control of coastal waters. Set in the environmental context of the colonial port city, Dockside Reading explores how imperialism colonizes water. Hofmeyr examines this theme through the concept of hydrocolonialism, which puts together land and sea, empire and environment.
MAB21L1 modulates gene expression and DNA metabolic processes in the lens placode
Authors: Yamada Ryuichi , Oguri Akira , Fujiki Katsunori , Shirahige Katsuhiko , Hirate Yoshikazu , Kanai-Azuma Masami , Takezoe Hirotaka , Akimoto Yoshihiro , Takahashi Naoki , Kanai Yoshiakira
Published: November 2021

Mutations in human MAB21L1 cause aberrations in lens ectoderm morphogenesis and lead to congenital cerebellar, ocular, craniofacial and genital (COFG) syndrome. Murine Mab21l1-null mutations cause severe cell-autonomous defects in lens formation, leading to microphthalmia; therefore, Mab21l1-null mice are used as a mouse model for COFG syndrome. In this study, we investigated the early-onset single-cell-level phenotypes of murine Mab21l1-null lens ectoderms using electron microscopy and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Electron microscopy and immunohistochemical analyses indicated endoplasmic reticulum stress at the 24- to 26-somite stage in Mab21l1-null lens placodes. scRNA-seq analysis revealed that 131 genes were downregulated and 148 were upregulated in Mab21l1-null lens ectoderms relative to the wild type. We successfully identified 21 lens-specific genes that were downregulated in Mab21l1-null cells, including three key genes involved in lens formation: Pitx3, Maf and Sfrp2. Moreover, gene ontology analysis of the 279 differentially expressed genes indicated enrichment in housekeeping genes associated with DNA/nucleotide metabolism prior to cell death. These findings suggest that MAB21L1 acts as a nuclear factor that modulates not only lens-specific gene expression but also DNA/nucleotide metabolic processes during lens placode formation.
Synthesis of Dialkyl-Diphosphenes and -Distibenes that Bear Extended Triptycyl Groups
Authors: Nishino Ryohei , Minoura Mao
Published: November 2021

Dialkyl-diphosphenes and -distibenes of the type RTrp*2E2 (E = P, Sb; R = H, n-Pr) were synthesized and isolated using the steric protection of extended triptycyl groups (Trp*). The solubility of these diphosphenes and distibenes can be increased by installing a propyl group onto the bridgehead position of the triptycyl core (n-PrTrp*).
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Authors: Gontar Anastasia A.
Published: November 2021

В современных обстоятельствах хозяйствования значимое влияние на экономические процессы любого государства имеет финансовый сектор. По этой причине усиливается роль анализа деятельности коммерческих банков, в частности, системы экономической безопасности. Огромное количество кредитных учреждений формируют отделения по исследованию и управлению рисками, при этом за пределами внимания специалистов остаются некоторые нюансы анализа текущего состояния системы экономической безопасности банков. Возникает потребность в комплексном подходе и в продуманной тактике для повышения уровня экономической безопасности кредитных учреждений. В научной статье рассматриваются ключевые методы оценки экономической безопасности: количественный анализ текущих показателей, ранжирование на основе пресс-рейтинга, авторские методики. Выявлены основные недостатки существующих подходов, а также определена система показателей экономической безопасности на примере кредитной организации.

Цель – реализация и построение нейросетевой модели, позволяющей прогнозировать значения уровня экономической безопасности.

Метод или методология проведения работы. Для реализации поставленной цели были использованы общенаучные методы (анализ, синтез, индукция, дедукция, обобщение), а также методы нейросетевого моделирования.

Результаты. В научной статье рассматриваются ключевые методы оценки экономической безопасности: количественный анализ текущих показателей, ранжирование на основе пресс-рейтинга, авторские методики. Выявлены основные недостатки существующих подходов, а также определена система показателей экономической безопасности на примере кредитной организации.

Область применения результатов. Реализация нейросетевой модели (на примере ПАО Сбербанк) позволяет прогнозировать итоговые значения целевой функции и аппроксимировать нелинейные входные данные. Моделирование уровня экономической безопасности дает возможность выявить существующие проблемы, предупредить негативные последствия необоснованных управленческих решений.
ГОСУДАРСТВО И БИЗНЕС В ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ: МЕХАНИЗМЫ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ
Authors: Mazharova Lina A.
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме взаимодействия государственного и частного сектора в современных условиях цифровой экономики. Состояние вопроса: автором проанализированы существующие научные подходы к определению феномена «цифровой экономики», выделению ее признаков, этапов развития и влияния на общественную жизнь. На основании анализа сделан вывод, для дальнейшего развития цифровой экономики важной задачей является институциализация, то есть создание «правил игры» для экономических субъектов в новых условиях. Ведущим субъектом такого процесса может стать только государство, поэтому говорить о сокращении его роли преждевременно. В этой связи, целью исследования является анализ возможностей взаимодействия государства и бизнеса в целях дальнейшего развития цифровой экономики.

Материалы и методы исследования: методологией исследования стала неоинституциональная экономическая теория, в частности модель рационального поведения. В соответствии с ней функции государства в цифровой экономике обоснованы посредством анализа трансакционных издержек. Результаты исследования: по итогам исследования сделан вывод, что одним из перспективных механизмов взаимодействия может стать государственно-частное партнерство. Потенциал государственно-частного и муниниципально-частного партнерства как инструмента цифровизации экономики на настоящий момент не полностью реализован, что связано с проблемой оценки рисков и выгод проектов, а также возможностей их распределения. Решение проблемы возможно за счет формирования «банка» форм сотрудничества, которые могут стать механизмами эффективного взаимодействия государства и бизнеса. Примеры таких механизмов для наиболее проблемных представлены в исследовании.
РАЗРАБОТКА WEB-ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ CRS-CИСТЕМЫ ДЛЯ ВЕДЕНИЯ АНТИКОЛЛЕКТОРСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Pavlova Anna I. , Obukhov Roman V.
Published: November 2021

Одним из основных факторов развития компании на рынке является использование информационных систем, позволяющих автоматизировать процессы обмена данными электронного документооборота. Это необходимо для обеспечения эффективной работы предприятия и улучшения взаимоотношений с клиентами. Работа посвящена разработке web-приложения для ведения антиколлекторской деятельности. В процессе разработки приложения были использованы стандартные архитектурные решения системы автоматизированного взаимодействия с клиентами предприятия (Customer Relationship Management, CRM-система) системы Битрикс24. Среди основных направлений улучшения взаимоотношений между клиентами и сотрудниками предприятия являлись: уведомление оператора о поступлении новой заявки о ликвидации кредита; контролирование ведения карты клиента; отслеживание выполнения заданий сотрудником предприятия бизнес-процессов и напоминание о необходимости их выполнения в определенный срок; формирование помесячной оплаты за предоставление услуг с рассылкой сообщений сотруднику и клиенту. Основное взаимодействие взаимодействия с потенциальными клиентами осуществляется посредством применения роботов и тригеров для настройки современных средств коммуникации: виртуальной телефонии, электронной почты, мессенджера.

Цель – разработка web-приложения с использованием системы автоматизированного взаимодействия с клиентами предприятия (Customer Relationship Management, CRM-системы), направленного на ведение антиколлекторской деятельности.

Метод или методология проведения работы: в статье использовались методы программирования.

Результаты: разработано web-приложение для управления деятельностью антиколлекторский предприятий, интегрированной с CRM системой Битрикс 24.

Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять при управлении деятельностью антиколлекторский предприятий, связанных со структуризацией и ликвидацией задолженностей физических и юридических лиц.
THE METHOD OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF ICE ABRASIVE EFFECTS ON BERTHING FACILITIES
Authors: Zverev Anton A. , Bekker Aleksandr T. , Uvarova Tatiana E. , Belyaeva Tamara D.
Published: November 2021

The ice cover has a significant abrasive effect on the surface of marine engineering structures. In areas with high dynamics of ice cover drift, one of the most important problems of providing load-bearing capacity of structural elements is to determine the intensity of their wear from abrasion by drifting ice.

The magnitude of ice abrasion depends on many factors, the main of which are: contact pressure, abrasion path length and material resistance to ice abrasion.

The length of the abrasion path and the magnitude of the contact pressure are determined by the processes of drift of ice formations and their interaction with the structure. To assess them, it is necessary to have a mathematical model for calculating the ice load. At the same time, experimental studies of various materials for resistance to ice abrasion make it possible to establish an empirical dependence of the intensity of ice abrasion. The combined use of a theoretical model of interaction and an empirical model of material destruction makes it possible to create a method for calculating the depth of ice abrasion.

The article discusses the method of mathematical modeling of ice abrasive effects on berthing facilities.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONING OF THE INTEGRATED TRANSPORTATION ENTERPRISE
Authors: Lvovich Yakov E. , Preobrazhenskiy Andrey P. , Preobrazhenskiy Yuriy P.
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with the problem associated with the optimization of the structure and functioning of an integrated transport company. The components of the algorithmic support are shown.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT IN A TRANSPORT COMPANY
Authors: Lvovich Yakov E. , Preobrazhenskiy Andrey P. , Preobrazhenskiy Yuriy P.
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with the problem related to the consideration of the characteristics of personnel development management within transport companies. The analysis of goals of different levels is given.
Projekt etnograficzny: Mapa Obrzędowa Górnego Śląska
Authors: Lysko Aleksander , Garstka Robert
Published: November 2021

Niniejszy tekst prezentuje założenia i efekty etnograficznego projektu badawczego – Mapa Obrzędowa Górnego Śląska – zrealizowanego przez Regionalny Instytut Kultury w Katowicach (obecnie Instytut Myśli Polskiej im. Wojciecha Korfantego). W artykule odnajdziemy informacje dotyczące wirtualnej mapy, na której umieszczono ponad 370 wpisów ilustrujących obrzędy i zwyczaje na historycznej ziemi górnośląskiej. Dalej mowa jest o charakterystyce, specyfice i istotności podjętych badań oraz ich wynikach. Opracowanie kończy się opisem kilku praktyk kulturowych zarejestrowanych w ramach badań (które znane do tej pory były głownie w lokalnych społecznościach) oraz przykładem przeobrażenia przebiegu uroczystości Bożego Ciała w czasach pandemii.
Briefbeförderung des Ordens in Livland. Mit vorläufigen statistischen Bewertung
Authors: Kreem Juhan
Published: November 2021

Delivery of Letters in the Teutonic Order in Livonia. With a preliminary statistical analysisThis contribution is on the organization and efficiency of the delivery of letters in the Teutonic Order in Livonia. Firstly, the scarce data on couriers is presented. Main part of the contribution is discussing the phenomenon of registration of time (hour) and place in some of the stations on the delivery routes of letters. This method, used extensively also in Prussia, was most likely introduced in Livonia in the beginning of the 15th century. It was used in case of most urgent letters and was first of all meant to monitor the efficiency of delivery. The majority of the places of registration of time are in the territory of the Order, but there are also some exceptions, when this was done in episcopal castles or manors. High number of letters of the Masters of the Teutonic Order in Tallinn City Archives is also allowing some preliminary statistical analysis, how the space and time was mastered on the route Riga-Wenden-Reval. It appears, that although the letters were ordered to be carried day and night, the calculated average speed is so low, that there were obviously made also some stops for rest on the road.
The communication of the Master of the Livonian Branch of the Teutonic Order with the King of Denmark and the Grand Duke of Lithuania during the 15th century
Authors: Mäesalu Mihkel
Published: November 2021

This study of the communication of the Livonian Branch of the Teutonic Order with the king of Denmark and the Grand Duke of Lithuania focuses on diplomatic cooperation between the Order’s Livonian and Prussian branches. Though the Grand Master largely represented the Livonian Master in communication with the Danish king during the first half of the fifteenth century, this took place because the Danish king preferred to communicate Livonian matters to the Grand Master. In the second half of the century, the king addressed the Livonian Master directly and the Grand Master lost his role as a mediator of communication between the king and the Livonian Master. The communication with the Grand Duke of Lithuania can be described as forming a triangle, where both the Grand Master and the Livonian Master were in frequent correspondence with the Grand Duke and would represent each other if needed. The second half of the fifteenth century saw a tendency toward excluding the Grand Master from communication between the Livonian Master and the Grand Duke, probably due to the diverging political goals of the Prussian and the Livonian branches of the Order. As a concluding generalization, one can say that cooperation between these two branches of the Teutonic Order in diplomatic correspondence was largely determined by the preferences of their partners in communication as well as by the compatibility of their respective political stances.
Michael Heslop. Medieval Greece. Encounters between Latins, Greeks and others in the Dodecanese and the Mani
Authors: Sarnowsky Jürgen
Published: November 2021

Michael Heslop. Medieval Greece. Encounters between Latins, Greeks and others in the Dodecanese and the Mani. Variorum Collected Studies Series CS1093. London–New York: Routledge, 2021. 347+XIX S., zahlreiche Abb. ISBN: 978-0-36785-907-7.
Umowa społeczna Tomasza Hobbesa jako transformacja idei – od teologii do filozofii politycznej
Authors: Zientkowski Przemysław
Published: November 2021

Artykuł jest próbą ukazania procesu teoretycznego przekształcenia teologii politycznej do filozofii politycznej na przykładzie koncepcji umowy społecznej stworzonej przez angielskiego myśliciela Thomasa Hobbesa. Przemiana ta nie nastąpiła jedynie w wymiarze werbalnym poprzez zastąpienie nomenklatury teologicznej filozoficzną nowomową, ale stała się również przyczynkiem do umocnienia antropologicznej wizji człowieka, świata i procesów społecznych, a przez to niewątpliwie, wydarzeniem oddziałującym w wymiarze historycznie i kulturowym.
Uncovering the hidden story of male eating disorders
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: November 2021

Ian Peate looks at the underreported phenomenon of eating disorders in male patients
Role of ECMO in Transplant Recipient
Authors: Haji Jumana Yusuf
Published: November 2021

Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for heart/lung in a patient in cardiorespiratory failure is a highly specialized technique which needs careful patient selection, resources, infrastructure and interdisciplinary expertise much like a transplant program. The aim of this editorial is to outline the scope of Extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) in preoperative bridging and perioperative management of sick patients with organ failure awaiting transplant as well as post-transplant. The attempt is to collate data of international and national experience for reference. ECMO is a validated tool as a bridge to heart or lung transplant if the patients decompensate while awaiting a transplant. The method, timing of initiation and end objectives of ECMO in these patients is not
the same as that for conventional patients with sudden onset heart lung failure. Of greater challenge is the role of ECMO in liver transplant recipient perioperatively as it is definitely not a bridge to liver transplant. However, with careful selection and in ideal candidates ECMO can be used to stabilize a patient with liver failure or chronic liver disease who may otherwise be deemed too sick to transplant.
Nasopharyngeal Airway As A Supraglottic Ventilation Device For Bronchoscopic Interventions
Authors: Kanaparthi Astha Agrawal , Nair Vikas , Kale Pramod , Kate Arvind
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Bronchoscopy is performed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. It is a challenge for the anaesthesiologist to maintain ventilation for the patient as the patients’ airway is shared between the anaesthetist and the bronchoscopist. Many modalities have been used for anaesthesia and airway management for bronchoscopies. We present a case of bronchoscopy guided foreign body removal under anaesthesia. Spontaneous ventilation was maintained in the patient with the help of nasal airways.
Keywords: Bronchoscopy, Ventilation, Nasal airway.
A Unique Presentation of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome
Authors: Saxena Anupriya , Kapoor Ruchi , Saxena Ashok Kumar
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a neurologic condition which is often though not always is associated with Pregnancy induced Hypertension. A high index of suspicion in a pregnant patient who presents with seizure and altered sensorium, along with characteristic findings in magnetic resonance imaging which are pathognomic for this syndrome can help clinch the diagnosis. An early definitive diagnosis and prompt management is the key to prevent permanent neurological damage in the patient.
Case Report: We report a case of delayed unusual presentation (6 days post partum) of Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome [PRES] in a 25 year old pregnant patient of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension, wherein the patient presented six days after the delivery of baby in a unconscious state. She was admitted in intensive care unit and was managed with mechanical ventilation along with other neuroprotective measures. MRI brain was done which helped to clinch the diagnosis of PRES. She had complete recovery without any residual neurologic deficits and was discharged.
Conclusion: Prompt and early diagnosis and neuroprotective measures are the keys for an ideal management of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy syndrome. Also MRI brain is essential to clinch the diagnosis.
Keywords: PRES, Pregnancy, Preeclampsia, Eclampsia.
Vibration measurement technology based on the reverse point recognition algorithm for laser self-mixing interference
Authors: Cui Xiangyu , Cai Linna , Yue Hangyu , Dong Taiji , Yan Wendi , Song Yang , Li Chunsheng , Gao Bingkun
Published: November 2021

The self-mixing interference (SMI) signal carries the information of the external moving object, which has great physical significance and application prospects for extracting and analyzing the information of the external object. In this paper, we propose a vibration measurement method based on a reverse point recognition algorithm on the SMI laser signal. By extracting and analyzing the hill and valley values of the SMI signal to determine the reverse point, combined with the semifringe counting method, the vibration information of external objects can be accurately extracted. The method we propose simplifies the displacement reconstruction process with high accuracy. The simulation and experimental results show that this method can achieve high-precision measurements of microvibration with an absolute error of less than 19 nm.
725  nm watt-level injection-locked continuous-wave Ti:sapphire laser for a mercury optical lattice clock
Authors: Liu Qixin , Sun Jianfang , Zhang Ye , Xu Zhen
Published: November 2021

We develop a watt-level 725 nm continuous-wave tunable narrow linewidth injection-locked Ti:sapphire laser. The seed laser is frequency-locked on a Fabry–Perot cavity to narrow the linewidth and stabilize the frequency. Because the wavelength of the seed laser is located at the edge of the gain profile of the Ti:sapphire crystal, it is difficult to injection-lock the Ti:sapphire laser at 725 nm. A cavity mirror, which has a long-pass-filter coating with a sharp edge, is used in the Ti:sapphire cavity to suppress mode competition from the long wavelength side. This method effectively reduces the power requirement of the seed laser at 725 nm, and the Ti:sapphire laser can be injection-locked at higher output power. As a result, a 1 W output power with a 27% slope efficiency is achieved in the injection-locked laser, and a 210 mW UV laser is obtained in a subsequent second-harmonic generation stage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the shortest wavelength for the watt-level injection-locked continuous-wave Ti:sapphire laser. This laser will be used in a mercury optical lattice clock in the future.
Self-compression of mJ pulses to 10  fs in a hollow-core waveguide: effects of higher-order dispersion
Authors: Ran Qiandong , Li Hao , Wang QiJie , Zhang Ying
Published: November 2021

Self-compression of an ultrashort pulse in a hollow-core waveguide filled with noble gas is a simple and promising approach to generate few and even single-cycle pulses. However, when the input pulse energy approaches to mJ level, ionization of the gas induces strong higher-order dispersion through multiple mechanisms, which makes the temporal compression process unstable and even fail. In this paper, we systematically study the effects of higher-order dispersion in the self-compression process of mJ few-cycle pulses. We found that the self-compression depends on the approaching routine of group delay dispersion and third-order dispersion optimization. There exists a steady and stable routine to maintain the pulse duration around the Fourier transform limit. Then, we successfully demonstrate stable and repeatable compression of 3 mJ pulses to 13.1 and 10.5 fs in a 2 cm hollow-core waveguide filled with Ar and Kr, respectively.
Chiral/directional mode transfer based on a tunable non-Hermitian system
Authors: Zhang Yicong , Liu Weiwei , Long Hua , Wang Kai , Wang Bing , Lu Peixiang
Published: November 2021

Exceptional points (EPs) of non-Hermitian systems are the degeneracies of both the eigenvalues and eigenvectors, which have led to a series of novel and counterintuitive physical effects. Adiabatically encircling the EP in parameter space could lead to chiral mode transfer in coupled waveguides. However, the fixed refractive index distribution in existing devices will confine the parametric loops and lay great limitations on the performances of the mode conversion. Herein, we theoretically propose a non-Hermitian system based on refractive index modulation of coupled liquid crystal (LC) waveguides, which allows for encircling the EP with tunable loops. As a result, chiral mode transfer is achieved with optimized performances at wide telecommunication wavelengths, including a high transfer efficiency (>80%). Moreover, the dynamic modulation of the refractive index enables a directional mode transfer which is solely dependent on the modulation direction, even with non-closing evolution routes. The tunable non-Hermitian system serves as a versatile platform for realizing tunable mode transfer processes with optimized performances, showing great promise for developing multifunctional non-Hermitian nanophotonic devices.
Broadband angular dispersion compensation for digital micromirror devices
Authors: Chen Dihan , Chen Bingxu , Shao Qi , Chen Shih-Chi
Published: November 2021

In this Letter, we present a compact broadband angular dispersion compensation method for digital micromirror devices (DMDs) and ultrashort pulse lasers, which effectively extends the conventional single-wavelength compensation design to a wide wavelength range of 300 nm. First, a parametric model was developed for the dispersion compensation unit, consisting of a transmission grating and a 4f telescope sub-unit, to guide the selection of components and parameter optimization for broadband applications. In the experiments, we designed a single slit-based metrology system to measure and quantify the compensated angular dispersion of a Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser with a pulse width of 75 fs. The results indicate that our method can reduce the angular dispersion to 0.04°, i.e., pulse widening less than 20 fs, over a wavelength range of 750–1050 nm. To demonstrate this, the DMD system was used as a multi-wavelength beam shaper to reconstruct a wavefront that contains the “CUHK” pattern and the results confirmed its ability to provide effective broadband angular dispersion compensation. This means the DMD can be used in different applications that employ a broadband light source, e.g., wavelength tunable femtosecond laser, attosecond laser, supercontinuum laser, and multi-color LED.
Accurate OSNR monitoring based on data-augmentation-assisted DNN with a small-scale dataset
Authors: Zhao Weiwei , Yang Zheng , Xiang Meng , Tang Ming , Qin Yuwen , Fu Songnian
Published: November 2021

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been successfully applied for accurate optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) monitoring. However, the performance of OSNR monitoring substantially degrades when a mega dataset is inaccessible. Here, we demonstrate an accurate OSNR monitoring scheme based on a data-augmentation (DA)-assisted DNN with a small-scale dataset. When a 20 GBaud quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signal is transmitted over 400 to 2600 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) with an OSNR range from 8 to 14 dB, we experimentally evaluate the minimum dataset size to secure a mean absolute error (MAE) of OSNR monitoring less than 1 dB. The DA-assisted scheme only requires 50% of the raw data, in comparison with the traditional DNN scheme. Thus, the DA-assisted DNN scheme is promising for field-trial accurate OSNR monitoring, especially when the collection of mega datasets is inconvenient.