bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of systemic lidocaine for postoperative acute pain management in single-lung transplantation: Case report
Authors: Moyano Jairo , Rodríguez Paula , Fierro Cindy Lorena
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Lung transplantation is associated with severe pain, which can delay recovery. Systemic lidocaine has useful analgesic properties for managing acute pain, however little is known on its use after lung transplantation. Due to pharmacological alterations during the postoperative period, the use of analgesics implies a demanding process to avoid toxicity, so lidocaine may play a role in this scenario. In this sense, the purpose of this case report is to present the use of systemic lidocaine as an option for the management of acute pain when other analgesics have failed to do so.Case presentation: The case of a male patient with acute pain in the postoperative period of single-lung transplantation is presented. Opioids and non-opioid analgesics showed limited efficacy, so the systematic administration of lidocaine was decided. Systemic lidocaine was effective for pain control, functional recovery and opioid decrease during the postoperative period.Conclusions: Systemic lidocaine was a useful drug for postoperative pain management in lung transplantation, since it allowed adequate analgesia and lung function recovery with decreased use of opioids. This drug may be a component of multimodal analgesia in selected patients when other options have failed; however its routine use is not recommended.
Determinantes sociales de la mortalidad infantil en municipios de frontera en Colombia, 2005-2011
Authors: Mogollón-Pastrán Sonia Carolina , García-Ubaque Juan Carlos , Martínez-Martínez Sergio
Published: April 2020

Introducción. En Colombia, las tasas de mortalidad infantil de los municipios fronterizos presentan diferencias significativas en comparación con el promedio nacional, por lo que resulta prioritario identificar sus determinantes en estas zonas, con el fin de orientar el desarrollo de políticas en salud pública.Objetivo. Identificar algunos determinantes sociales de la mortalidad infantil en municipios fronterizos de Colombia en el periodo 2005-2011.Materiales y métodos. Estudio ecológico en el que se construyeron tres modelos de regresión para las siguientes categorías: 1) determinantes estructurales; 2) determinantes intermedios de condiciones de vida y trabajo, factores de tipo comportamental y biológico, y factores psicosociales, y 3) determinantes intermedios del sistema de salud colombiano.Resultados. Los datos encontrados sugieren que la mortalidad infantil de los municipios fronterizos se relaciona con condiciones de etnia, raza, educación, índice de dependencia infantil, bajo peso al nacer, calidad del agua, ruralidad, jefatura femenina del hogar, cobertura de vacunación, cobertura de control prenatal, satisfacción con los servicios de salud y afiliación al sistema de salud.Conclusiones. La mayoría de determinantes de la mortalidad infantil en estos municipios se sale del alcance del sector salud; por tanto, el Estado enfrenta dos desafíos importantes: implementar un abordaje transectorial y transfronterizo, y dar una respuesta institucional con un enfoque de equidad en salud que se adapte a las necesidades y a la cultura de cada municipio y región.
Preparation and Characterization of Nanoparticular Systems For Topical Treatment of Ocular Infections
Authors: ERDAL Ebru , ASLAN ALTAY Yeşim , UGURLU Nagihan
Published: April 2020

Çalışmada, PLGA nanopartiküllere besifloksasin etken maddesi yüklenmiş ve elde edilen yapının bakteriyel konjuktivit tedavisi için kontrollü ilaç salım sistemi olarak kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Besifloksasin, sistemik bir formülasyon içermediği ve hem gram-pozitif hem de gram-negative patojenlere karşı etkili olduğu için seçilmiştir. Besifoksasinin topikal uygulama sonrasında, uygulama bölgesindeki kalım süresini uzatmak amacıyla nanopartiküler formülasyonu hazırlanmış ve etkinliği test edilmiştir. Bunun için, bu çalışmada besifloksasin PLGA nanopartiküllere yüklenmiş, karakterize edilmiş ve in vitro salım çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Ayrıca besifloksasin yüklü PLGA nanopartiküllerin toksisitesi belirlenmiştir. Nanopartiküller, morfolojik yapısı taramalı elektron mikroskobu, boyut ve yük analizi Zeta Sizer, fizikokimyasal yapısı Fourier Dönüşümü Kızılötesi Spektrometresi (FTIR) ile karakterize edilmiştir. Zeta Sizer sonuçlarına göre nanopartiküllerin ortalama 200nm boyutuna sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir ve SEM görüntüleri de sonuçları destekler niteliktedir. Nanopartiküllerden besifloksasinin salım patterninin, burst effect şeklinde olmayıp daha yavaş ve kontrollü bir şekilde salındığı görülmüştür.
EMA Review of Daunorubicin and Cytarabine Encapsulated in Liposomes (Vyxeos, CPX-351) for the Treatment of Adults with Newly Diagnosed, Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes
Authors: Tzogani Kyriaki , Penttilä Karri , Lapveteläinen Tuomo , Hemmings Robert , Koenig Janet , Freire João , Márcia Silva , Cole Susan , Coppola Paola , Flores Beatriz , Barbachano Yolanda , Roige Silvia Domingo , Pignatti Francesco
Published: April 2020

On June 28, 2018, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Vyxeos, intended for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Vyxeos was designated as an orphan medicinal product on January 11, 2012. The applicant for this medicinal product was Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited. Vyxeos is a liposomal formulation of a fixed combination of daunorubicin and cytarabine, antineoplastic agents that inhibit topoisomerase II activity and also cause DNA damage. The strength of Vyxeos is 5 units/mL, where 1 unit equals 1.0 mg cytarabine plus 0.44 mg daunorubicin. The marketing authorization holder Jazz Pharmaceuticals had found that this was an optimal ratio for the efficacy of the product. Study CLTR0310-301, a phase III, multicenter, randomized, trial of Vyxeos (daunorubicin-cytarabine) liposome injection versus standard 3+7 daunorubicin and cytarabine in patients aged 60–75 years with untreated high-risk (secondary) AML, showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups in overall survival (OS) with a median OS of 9.56 months in the daunorubicin-cytarabine arm compared with 5.95 months for standard chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.52–0.90; one-sided p = .003).

The most common side effects were hypersensitivity including rash, febrile neutropenia, edema, diarrhea/colitis, mucositis, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, abdominal pain, decreased appetite, cough, headache, chills, arrhythmia, pyrexia, sleep disorders, and hypotension.

Implications for Practice

Vyxeos has demonstrated a clinically significant improvement in overall survival compared with the standard of care 7+3 in the proposed population of patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with myelodysplasia-related changes and therapy-related AML. This is remarkable given the very poor prognosis of these patients and their unmet medical need. Secondary endpoints support the primary outcome, in particular an increased rate of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which is potentially the only curative treatment in AML.
GÜNCEL EKONOMİ-POLİTİĞE BAUMAN’IN PERSPEKTİFİNDEN BAKMAK
Authors: SOLMAZ Mustafa , ALKAN Ersoy Özmen
Published: April 2020

İçinde yaşadığımız güvensizlik koşullarının kaynaklarının neler olduğunu ortaya koymak ve bunlara karşı uygulanabilir bir çözümü Bauman’ın sosyal teorisinden hareketle temellendirmek araştırmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Nitel bir araştırma yapılmıştır ve doküman incelemesi yöntemine özellikle de eleştirel söylem analizine müracaat edilmiştir. Güvensizliğin üç türünün olduğu ve bunların da belirsizlik, güvensizlik ve emniyetsizlik şeklinde sınıflandırılabileceği anlaşılmıştır. Bahsedilen güvensizlik türlerinin kaynağının bilgi ve iktidarın uluslararası alandaki hareketi olduğu, bu iki iktidar türüne karşılık politik iktidarın ulusal sınırlar içerisinde kaldığı ve bundan dolayı onlara karşılı etkili önlemler alamadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bilginin ve özellikle sermayenin uluslararası alandaki hareketine karşı etkili önlemler alamayan politik iktidarın, kendisine tabi olanlar üzerindeki meşruiyetini daha fazla zedelememek için bir şeyler yapıyor görünmeye çalıştığı bundan dolayı da bütün güvensizlik türlerini tek bir bileşene, emniyetsizlik’e kaydettiği anlaşılmıştır. Belirsizlik ve güvensizlik’in doğurduğu risklere karşı bütün tehditleri emniyetsizlik’e yıkan politik iktidarın belirleyici niteliğinin, bekçi devleti haline dönüşmek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Oysa politik iktidarların daha etkili önlemler almaları bunun için de bir araya gelerek uluslararası yasama, yürütme ve yargı organlarını içeren bir küresel cumhuriyet rejimini tesis etmeleri gerektiği anlaşılmıştır. Bir başka yönetim tarzının değil de cumhuriyet’in tercih edilmesinin sebebinin de karşılaşılan sorunların müzakareye dayalı olarak çözülmesine imkân sunmasından kaynaklandığı belirlenmiştir. Müzakere kültürünün gelişmesi için de sosyal medya imkânlarının yeni kamusal alanlar olarak görülmeleri gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
К ИЗУЧЕНИЮ ВОПРОСА ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ТОПОНИМИИ В УЩЕЛЬЕ РЕКИ ПРОНЕ
Authors: KOBERIDZE Mariam
Published: April 2020

Ущелье реки Проне расположено в среднем Картли, на правом берегу Куры. Включает в себя Дванис-цкали, Алис-цкали, Пцис-цкали и Сурамис-цкали. В соответствии с историческим термином и сегодня эти реки население называет Проне. Для диахронного изучения существующих в этом ущелье топонимов, с точки зрения лингвистики существенными справками располагают приходская книга Руиси или летопись Руиси, составленная Николозом Мровели Орбелишвили или Капланишвили в 1715 году; «Описание царства грузинского (География Грузии)» Вахушти Багратиони (середина XVIII века); «Описание Картли и Кахетии» Иоанна Багратиони (1794-99 годы) и материалы, в разное время записанные и проанализированные грузинскими исследователями (С. Макалатия, Ал. Глонти, М. Коберидзе, Н. Отинашвили) с точки зрения диалектологии.
Речь деревень Дванис-цкали и Пцис-цкали относится к шида картлийскому говору, а речь жителей сел Алис-цкали и Сурамис-цкали относится к западно-картлийскому.
Топонимы ущелья реки Проне по своему содержанию и образованию разнообразны, существующие средства образования слов подобны грузинскому литературному языку и другим диалектам грузинского языка. Встречаются как субстантивированные, так и атрибутивные субстантивные микро (Накедлареби, Сакидула ...), макро (Дванисцкали, Проне…) и собственные топонимы (Двани, Дирби, Тахтидзири ...), где составляющей частью композита встречаются «цкали»(вода), «тба»(озеро), «геле»(речка), «чала» (роща), «хеви» (ущелье), «чаоби» (болото), «мореви»(водоворот). Детерминантой к топонимам такого типа подтверждаются как общественные, так и собственные имена.
Фонетические процессы, характерные для грузинской языковой системы, также встречаются в топонимах ущелья реки Проне. Например: потеря звука, замещение звуков, включение звука… Активно используется суффиксальное (- ет, - ит , - ат, ис-и, ат (а), - aт (a), - та, - еул, - ул , - ур, - ован, -осан, -ин-а, -еб, -мар (нар) и преффиксально-суффиксальное образование (на-ев, са-е, са-ур, са-иа.
Различие создает ареал распространения топонимов и частота производного средства. Различные случаи указывают на тенденцию унификации и случаи переключения речевого кода. Встречается территороиальная локализация использования диалектной лексики в топонимии. Проанализированный материал по содержанию и образованию разнообразен. Образование грузинское, не встречаются заимствованные термины. По частоте использования выделяются топонимы с основой на «цкал» и «цкар». Большинство топонимов сложные слова. К топонимам такого типа определителем выступают как нарицательные, так и собственные имена.
GÜRCİSTAN DEMOKRATİK CUMHURİYETİ ANKARA SEFİRİ SİMON MDİVANİ’NİN ANADOLU RAPORLARI (06-10. 02. 1921; 1930)
Authors: KAVRELİŞVİLİ Roin
Published: April 2020

26 Mayıs 1918 yılında kurulan Gürcistan Demokratik Cumhuriyeti hükümeti tarafından 27 Aralık 1920 yılında Ankara’ya elçiler gönderildi. Bu makalede, anılan olayla ilgili Gürcistan Demokratik Cumhuriyeti Ankara sefiri S. Mdivani tarafından Gürcistan Dışişleri Bakanlığına gönderilen raporlar değerlendirilmiştir.
06. 02. 1921 tarihli raporda Tiflis-Ankara arasında yapılan bir yolculuktan bahsedilmiştir. Yolculuk 27. 12. 1920 yılında başlamış ve 31. 01. 1921 yılında sona ermiştir. Gürcistan elçiliğine bütün yolculuk boyunca Ankara Hükümeti Dışişleri Bakanı Bekir Sami Bey eşlik etmiştir. Yolculuğun bu kadar uzun sürmesi arabaların ve yolun bozuk olmasından kaynaklanmıştır. S. Mdivani raporunda Bekir Bey’e ilgileri için teşekkür ediyor ve Samsun, Trabzon ve geçtikleri bütün şehirlerde yerel hükümet ile Ankara Hükümeti milletvekilleri tarafından bütün heyeti sıcak karşıladıklarından bahsediyor. S. Mdivani’ye göre Gürcistan Sefirliğinin binası Ankara dışında bulunuyordu ve o zamanın şartlarına göre çalışmaları yürütmek için çok uygundu.
10. 02. 1921 tarihli raporunda S. Mdivani Anadolu’nun devlet nizamından bahseder. Ona göre bütün eyaletlerin yöneticileri, askeri komutanlar, belediye başkanları ve diğer memurlar Ankara Hükümeti tarafından atanmışlardır. Ancak, yönetim sistemi eski Osmanlı tarzında kalmıştır. Yazar “Misak-i Milli’den” bahseder ve Mili Mücadele hareketini anlatır. Kendisine göre Milli Mücade hareketinin ilk etapta kısıtlı olmasının sebeplerinden birisi Anadolu demir yollarının İtilaf Devletlerinin elinde olması idi. Dolaysıyla Milli Mücadele hareketi ilk önce Erzurum-Sivas arasında yoğunlaştı. Raporda Milli Mücadele yöneticiler arasında var olan belli başlı anlaşmazlık sebeplerinden, halkın milli hareketlere bakışından, liderlerin faaliyetlerinden, onların çalışmalarını etkileyen diğer liderlerin otoritelerinden de söz edilmiştir. Raporda Enver Paşa’nın Moskova faaliyetleri ve Ankara Hükümeti ile Bolşevik Hükümeti arasında kurulan temaslar dile getirilmiştir. İstanbul Hükümeti tarafından Sevr Antlaşması’nın kabulü atıl bir hareket diye değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca Sv. Mdivani İngiltere ve İtalya askeri güçlerinin Anadolu topraklarından çekilmesinden ve İtilaf Devletleri tarafından Ermenistan ile Yunanistan’a destek verilmesinden bahsetmektedir. Kendisi TBMM hakkında bilgi vermekte ve milletvekillerinin siyasi yanlılıklarından söz etmektedir.
1930 Tarihli mektup S. Mdivani’nin Rusya, Polonya ve Türkiye hakkında yaptığı siyasi değerlendirmesidir. Sv. Mdivani raporunda Polonya ve Türkiye arasında var olan ilişkilere etraflıca değinmektedir.
Yeast growth profile analysis v1
Authors: Rieth Monica
Published: April 2020

This method outlines a procedure for analyzing the growth curve of Baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, for the assessment of growth medias, the addition of metabolites to media, and the incorporation of heterologous genes to our yeast strain.
Mouse Cardiac Perfusion Fixation and Brain Collection v4
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: April 2020

This protocol describes the procedures for intracardiac perfusion fixation of postnatal mice, including anesthesia, exsanguination, fixation, brain removal and post-fixation storage. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
20X Anatomic and Layer Identification for Biocytin Filled Cells v1
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: April 2020

To characterize the orientation, laminar position, and anatomical location of in vitro single cells reconstructed in mouse and human brain slices, a 3-step process is used. Briefly, 20X brightfield and/or fluorescent images of DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) are annotated to determine layer position and brain region, of biocytin-filled cells. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Subcutaneous Injection Adult Mouse v1
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: April 2020

This protocol describes general procedures used for subcutaneous injection in adult mice. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Non-antimicrobial effect of Alocasia denudata Engler against selected Gram-positive oral pathogen
Authors: Mohd Yusoff Nurul Akilah , Ismail Tuan Nadrah Naim Ismail , Shahidan Wan Nazatul Shima
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Alocasia denudata is a herbal plant used by traditional healers as a wound healing agent and its potential as a healer has been proven scientifically. Normally, wounded tissue offers the opportunity for microflora to adhere, colonize, invade, and infect the surrounding healthy tissue. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the antimicrobial effect of A. denudata on selective oral pathogen as well as to analyze its phytochemical compound.

Methods: The stem of A. denudata was extracted with 80% ethanol solution, freeze-dried, and sent to poison center to analyze its phytochemical constituents. The bioassay applied for determining the antimicrobial effect employs the well agar diffusion method to the selected Gram-positive oral bacteria; Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and non-oral pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes. These bacteria were incubated and the inhibition zone was recorded.

Results: Our results showed that the mean yield of extraction was 12.8% and that the different concentrations of A. denudata show no antimicrobial effects toward the selected Gram-positive oral pathogen including non-oral pathogen bacteria. However, the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry result showed that antimicrobial compound is present along with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds but showed no effect on the oral pathogen.

Conclusion: A. denudata extract has antimicrobial compound but did not show antimicrobial activity toward the selected Gram-positive oral pathogen.
Anaplastic thyroid cancer. Is there a light at the end of the tunnel?
Authors: Pylev A. L. , Zhandarova A. A. , Petrov K. S. , Romanov D. S. , Lisovoy V. A. , Golub S. V.
Published: April 2020

Anaplastic thyroid cancer is one of the most prognostically unfavorable tumors. This disadvantage traditionally consisted of a rapid increase in the size of the primary tumor with a tendency to the development of asphyxia and the rapid appearance of distant metastases, as well as a poor response to the recommended treatment methods. The result of many years of efforts by oncologists around the world were several treatment regimens, including an ideal amount of surgical intervention, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, but the effectiveness of this treatment, as well as the patient’s life expectancy after it, could not be called satisfactory. Improving the understanding of the molecular genetic characteristics of tumors, including anaplastic thyroid cancer, provided us with information on two possible features of the genetic apparatus of tumor cells that can have clinical significance: V600E mutations in the BRAF gene and fusion of NTRK genes. The clinical example described in this article is probably the first Russian illustration of the effectiveness of anti-BRAF therapy in a patient with anaplastic thyroid cancer. From our point of view, the benefit of this example is not only to demonstrate the effectiveness of modern targeted therapy, but also the need not to abandon other treatment methods, in this case, radiation therapy to the area of the primary tumor (and by analogy with this, surgical removal of the thyroid tumor glands in case of its resectability).
Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck: results of treatment in the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine in 2012–2016
Authors: Karabut R. Yu. , Vazhenin A. V. , Mozerova E. Y. , Sharabura T. M. , Sarycheva M. M. , Guz A. O. , Zakharov A. S.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. There is no treatment for recurrence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, which significantly increases the overall survival (OS) of patients.

The study objective is to analyze the results of treatment of patients with recurrences of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and to assess the impact of risk factors for relapse, as well as different treatment options for relapse on OS.

Materials and methods. In the period from 2012 to 2016, 182 patients with relapses of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, oral cavity and tongue received treatment in the Chelyabinsk regional clinical center of Oncology and nuclear medicine. The group 1 included 66 patients with resectable relapse who were operated. The group 2 consisted of 25 patients who received a course of radiation therapy. The group 3 consisted of 46 patients who underwent chemotherapeutic treatment of relapse. The group 4 was represented by combined treatment (surgery + radiation therapy), this group included 9 people. The group 5 consisted of those of patients who were not specifically treated for relapse because of the low Karnofsky index in patients (<70 %).

Results. OS among patients who received special treatment was significantly higher compared with the group of symptomatic therapy. The median OS in the special treatment group was 40 months, and without it – 18 months. Comparing all types for treating relapse, the highest rates of OS were in the surgical treatment group. OS rates in combined therapy group and radiotherapy group were comparable rate in the radiotherapy. The lowest OS rate was after chemotherapy (only 21 months).

Conclusion. Surgery is the optimal method for treating recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck, if it is resectable. If surgical treatment is not possible, no other method significantly increases the OS. If the overall status of the patient is normal, re-radiation or polychemotherapy may be performed. A limited category of patients can be subjected to combined treatment for relapse.
Total glossectomy in multimodal treatment of oropharyngeal cancer: immediate results
Authors: Sikorsky D. V. , Podvyaznikov S. O. , Kanishcheva N. V. , Kuligin M. V. , Skamnitsky D. V.
Published: April 2020

The study objective is to analyze the results of combined antitumor therapy, which included glossectomy, to treat locally advanced and recurrent oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer.

Materials and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of multimodal antitumor therapy of 19 patients, who were treated in the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncologic Dispensary within 2009–2019. All patients underwent segmental resection of the mandible due to massive tumor invasion into the periosteum. After total glossectomy the defect was filled using pectoralis musculocutaneous flap. Due to the wide local tumor spread, a neck dissection (n = 7) or radical cervical lymphadenectomy (n = 12) were performed. During preventive surgery, metastases that were not detected before surgery were revealed in 2 patients in 1 neck lymph node.

Results. Eleven patients had local purulent-necrotic postoperative complications. It was noted that after surgery but without radiation therapy complications developed in fewer patients (n = 4) and were less severe: of I degree – in 3 patients, of III degree – in 1 patient. Radiation therapy before surgery resulted in more severe purulent-necrotic complications in 7 patients: of I degree – in 2 patients, of II degree – in 1, of III degree – in 4. Mortality rates: 30-day, 60-day and 90-day – 10.5 %, 21 % and 37 %, respectively. The causes of death were complications of gastrostomy: profuse bleeding from the stomach wall (n = 1), acute psychosis complicated by cerebral edema (n = 1), increased heart failure (n = 1), necrosis of the anterior abdominal wall and cachexia, developed after gastrostomy (n = 1), continued tumor growth between chemotherapy courses (n = 3). Twelve patients survived more than 90 days after surgery, 3 patients – more than 2 years. As most of the patients could not swallow, they were administered a nasogastric tube, since a simultaneous gastrostomy increases the duration of a traumatic operation and aggravates the postoperative period.

Conclusion. Multicomponent surgery after radiation therapy results in more often local purulent-necrotic postoperative complications than if the surgery is performed before radiation therapy. High mortality in the first 90 days after surgery (n = 7) due to local cancer spread is generally determined by the severe condition of patients with advanced cancer and the concomitant diseases. However, rejection of gastrostomy in favor of nasogastric tube seems reasonable, since several deaths in the early postoperative period may be occurred due to complications associated with gastrostomy.
Efficacy and tolerability of lenvatinib in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: results of a multicenter observational study in the Russian Federation
Authors: Borodavina E. V. , Isaev P. A. , Shurinov A. Yu. , Rumyantsev P. O. , Krylov V. V. , Petrosyan K. M. , Kaprin A. D. , Ivanov S. A. , Podvyaznikov S. O. , Romanov I. S. , Mudunov A. M. , Slashchuk K. Yu. , Zhikhorev R. S. , Volkonsky M. V. , Chagova R. M. , Suslova I. R. , Khryapa A. I. , Lepshokova A. Kh. , Fadeeva N. L. , Safarova A. R. , Kaleykina L. P. , Lymar E. V. , Chernyakova E. M. , Snezhko O. A. , Zinkovskaya A. E. , Mufazalov F. F. , Kuzmina E. S. , Druzhinina Yu. V. , Musin Sh. I. , Mukhitova M. R. , Khasanova A. I. , Safina S. Z. , Kirienko S. L.
Published: April 2020

Background. The implementation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors into clinical practice improved treatment outcomes in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC). Lenvatinib is recommended as a first-line drug for these patients.

The study objective is to analyze clinical experience with lenvatinib in patients with RR-DTC in the Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. The data from 18 clinical sites in Russia was analyzed for the period December 2015 and September 2019. Seventyseven patients with histologically verified DTC, proven resistance to radioactive iodine therapy, and tumor progression (according to the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors 1.1 criteria) were included in the study.

Results.Median progression-free survival in patients included into analysis (n = 72) was 26.1 months. In patients who responded to therapy (including those with partial and complete response), median progression-free survival reached 36.2 months, which is higher than that reported in the updated results of the SELECT study (33.1 months). Lenvatinib-associated adverse events (AEs) were observed in 87 % of patients. Severe AEs were registered in 18.2 % of participants. In 6.5 % of cases, AEs lead to lenvatinib cessation; in 74 % of cases, AEs required dose reduction.

Conclusion. Our findings suggest high efficacy and good tolerability of lenvatinib in patients with RR-DTC in routine clinical practice in the Russian Federation.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cT1–2N0: prospective single-center study
Authors: Kotov M. A. , Radzhabova Z. A.‑G. , Novikov S. N. , Krzhivitsky P. I. , Ponomareva O. I. , Kostromina E. V. , Kushnarev V. А. , Radzhabova M. A.
Published: April 2020

The study objectiveis to evaluate the informativeness of the biopsy technique of the signal lymph node (LN) in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue cT1–2N0.

Materials and methods.A prospective, single-center study included 26 patients with morphologically verified squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue cT1–2 and the lack of clinical and radiological data for metastatic damage to the LNs of the neck. All patients underwent a radioisotope study of the lymphatic flow from the primary tumor and the topography of the signal LNs. The informativeness of the biopsy of the signal LNs was evaluated in accordance with 2 diagnostic models. When using the first diagnostic model, all LNs accumulating colloids labeled with the 99mTc isotope were considered signal LNs. In the second model, only nodes accumulating radiocolloids and located in the immediate vicinity of the primary tumor of the tongue and / or connected with the primary tumor by the “pathway” of the lymphatic vessels were considered as signal LNs.

Results.The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy, according to the 1st diagnostic model, were 66.6 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) 9.43–99.16), 100 % (95 % CI 85.18–100 %), 100 %, 95.83 % (95 % CI 82.28–99.13 %), 96.15 % (95 % CI 80.36–99.90 %), and when all LNs located along with the signal LNs were removed at the same levels as regional LNs, the sensitivity increased to 100 %. In the second model, the diagnostic values were: 33.3 % (95 % CI 0.84–90.57), 100 % (95 % CI 85.18– 100.00), 100 %, 92 % (95 % CI 83.78–96.24), 92.31 % (95 % CI 74.87–99.05 %).

Conclusion.Evaluation of lymphatic outflow from the primary tumor and assessment of sentinel lymph node location in patients with stage cT1–2N0M0 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue allow a doctor to determine the volume of lymph node dissection for each patient individually. Unilateral lymph node dissection is acceptable in patients with unilateral lymphatic outflow, whereas in patients with bilateral lymphatic outflow, it is associated with a quite high (up to 10 %) risk of metastatic lesions in the lymph nodes on the opposite side of the neck. It is necessary to excise all lymph nodes accumulating radiocontrast agent and regional lymph nodes located at the same levels.
Stratification of papillary thyroid cancer relapse risk based on the results of molecular genetic studies
Authors: Lukyanov S. A. , Sergiyko S. V. , Titov S. E. , Reshetov I. V. , Veryaskina Yu. A. , Vazhenin A. V. , Gostimsky A. V. , Ippolitov L. I. , Rogova M. O.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Post-transcriptional mechanisms play a crucial role in the biological course and clinical manifestations of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Recent studies show that an increased content of oncogenic or reduced content of oncosuppressive microRNAs increases the aggressiveness of the tumor and correlates with an unfavorable prognosis of treatment, which allows them to be used in personalizing the treatment tactics of patients with PTC. The study objective is to compare the level of expression of 12 PTC-specific microRNAs and the frequency of V600E mutation of the BRAF gene in patients with different risk of relapse.

Materials and methods. The study included 175 patients with PTC. For quantitative analysis of microRNA expression, a reverse transcription reaction followed by a real-time polymerase chain reaction in formalin-fixed paraffin blocks was used. Correlations between 12 microRNA expression and BRAF mutation with different clinical and anatomical features of PTC the risk of relapse according to the American Thyroid Association Risk Stratification System (2009) were analyzed.

Results. We demonstrated that miR-146b, miR-221, miR-144, miR-451a, and miR-7 expression correlated with features such as extrathyroid tumor growth, larger size, multifocus, lymph node metastasis, and the presence of distant metastases of the PTC. Most importantly, miR-221, miR-144, miR-451a, and miR-7 expression correlated with risk levels, suggesting their potential significance in stratifying the risk of relapsing PTC. The dependence of the clinical behavior of PTC on the BRAF mutation has not been established.

Conclusion. The result of the study will contribute to the individual choice of preoperative treatment tactics for patients with PTC.
Askerî Alanda Devrim: Ateş Gücü–Manevra Dengesi
Authors: Ökten Tolga
Published: April 2020

Askerî Alanda Devrimler dönemsel olarak teknolojik ya da organizasyonel yeniliklerin etkisi altında gelişerek, ateş gücü ve manevra arasındaki dengeyi belirlemektedir. Tarihsel sürece bakıldığında, Askerî Alanda Devrimlerin, teknolojik yeniliklerce tetiklendiğinde ateş gücü, organizasyonel yeniliklerce tetiklendiğinde ise manevra boyutunda etkili oldukları görülmektedir. Dengenin ateş gücü ya da manevra tarafında olması, muharebe amaç ve yöntemlerini dönüştürmektedir. Yüzyıllardır tekrar eden bu dönüşümler, muharebelerin konvansiyonel manevralarla yakın temasa girilerek ya da uzak mesafelerden ateş gücü kullanılarak sürdürülmesi kararını etkilemektedir. Bu karar, yüzyıllardır ateş gücü ve manevra etrafında sürdürülen tartışmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Günümüzde yaşanan Askerî Alanda Devrim tartışması da bu sürecin devamıdır.
Savunma Sanayinin Gelişiminin İhracat-İthalat Dengesi Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: Bayram Orkun
Published: April 2020

Ülkemiz, jeopolitik konumu gereği ekonomik ve askerî riskler altında bulunmaktadır. Tarihçemize bakıldığında da savunma sanayine önem verilmesi gereken bir konumda olduğumuz anlaşılmaktadır. Savunma sanayinin gelişimi kavramına bakıldığında ise iç ve dış kaynaklardan ihtiyaçların karşılanması ile gelişim sağlandığı görülmektedir. Savunma sanayindeki gelişmelerin tanımlanmasında literatürde alınan patentler ve istihdam oranı gibi değişkenler temel alınmaktadır. Bu değişkenleri tanımlayan ölçüm değerlerinden biri savunma harcamaları olup harcamaların, savunma ihtiyaçlarının iç veya dış kaynaklardan karşılanması için yapılıyor olması durumuna göre ekonomik büyümeye etkileri farklı olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, farklı zamanlarda literatürde yer alan araştırmalar derlenerek savunma sanayinin gelişimi için yapılan harcamaların önemli bir makroekonomik değişken olan ihracat-ithalat dengesi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Farklı dönemlerde yapılan araştırmalarda savunma sanayi için yapılan harcamaların, savunma sanayinde teknolojik düzey arttıkça hem kısa, hem de uzun vadede ihracat-ithalat dengesinde ihracat yönünde olumlu etki yaptığı gözlenmiştir. Dolayısı ile savunma sanayi yerelleştikçe dış ticaret hacminde ithalatın payı gittikçe düşmektedir.
Responsabilidade Socioambiental como Fator de Competitividade
Authors: Gonçalves Cristiane Paulino Gomes , Bruno Gilberto de Sousa , Reis Neto José Francisco dos , Goncalves Rafael Capriolli
Published: April 2020

Este artigo visa avaliar como a responsabilidade socioambiental é um fator de competitividade para uma empresa do setor sucroalcooleiro instalada no Estado de Mato Grosso. O desenvolvimento foi embasado nas discussões sobre organizações no âmbito do setor sucroalcooleiro com foco na aplicação da responsabilidade socioambiental. A metodologia utilizada compreendeu o uso da técnica de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica aliada ao estudo de caso estruturado, a partir do cenário do setor sucroalcooleiro. Os resultados obtidos se referem como a responsabilidade socioambiental pode ser considerada um aspecto estratégico e um importante diferencial competitivo no mercado. Os projetos com foco na melhoria contínua do desempenho ambiental da empresa, como a adoção de praticas do seu papel de responsabilidade socioambiental que buscam contribuir para o crescimento e desenvolvimento das comunidades locais e regionais, a preservação do meio ambiente para a perpetuação da empresa, tornaram-se ainda mais credívéis perante aos stakeholders, os quais se mostram cada vez mais sensíveis e reativos às questões socioambientais. Palavras-chave: Responsabilidade Socioambiental. Competitividade. Sucroalcooleira. Stakeholders.  AbstractThis article aims to evaluate how socio-environmental responsibility is a factor of competitiveness for a company from the sugar and alcohol industry installed in the State of Mato Grosso. The development was based on discussions on organizations within the scope of the sugar and alcohol sector with a focus on the application of social and environmental responsibility. The methodology used included the use of the documentary and bibliographic research technique allied to the structured case study, based on the scenario of the sugar and alcohol industry. The results obtained refer to how social and environmental responsibility can be considered a strategic aspect and an important competitive differential in the market. The projects focused on the continuous improvement of the company's environmental performance, such as the adoption of practices of its social and environmental responsibility that seek to contribute to the growth and development of local and regional communities, the preservation of the environment for the perpetuation of the company, have made even more credible vis-à-vis stakeholders, who are increasingly sensitive and reactive to social-environmental issues. Keywords: Environmental Responsibility. Competitiveness. Sugar and Alcohol. Stakeholders.
Intervenção na Santa Casa de Campo Grande, MS: Estudo de Caso Sobre a Evolução dos Indicadores Financeiros da Instituição
Authors: Dias Jefferson Levy Espindola , Nascimento Pedro Henrique Gamarra
Published: April 2020

A Santa Casa de Campo Grande passou por um período de intervenção pelo poder público durante o período de 2005 a 2013, com a justificativa de reverter o quadro de crise vivido pelo hospital na época. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar o impacto dessa intervenção nos indicadores financeiros da instituição, avaliando, assim, a sua eficácia financeira. O estudo de caso foi realizado através da análise das demonstrações contábeis do período, sendo estas o balanço patrimonial e a demonstração do resultado do exercício. Com esta análise, extraíram-se os índices de liquidez, endividamento e rentabilidade, índices estes que foram interpretados, assim como tiveram sua variação avaliada. O resultado encontrado demonstra um baixo índice de liquidez, com pico em 2013 de 0,6972; índices de endividamento que não poderiam ser cobertos pelo patrimônio líquido da instituição; e, um aumento do prejuízo acumulado e do saldo negativo do patrimônio líquido. Observou-se, portanto, que houve piora nos indicadores financeiros analisados durante o período de intervenção do poder público, evidenciando que o mesmo não cumpriu os objetivos definidos à época da intervenção. Palavras-chave: Indicadores Financeiros. Intervenção. Administração Financeira. Abstract              Campo Grande-MS Santa Casa Hospital underwent a period of intervention by the government from 2005 to 2013, with the justification of reversing the financial crisis the hospital was going through at the time. The objective of this study is to check the impact of this intervention on the institution’s financial indicators, thus evaluating its financial effectiveness. The case study was performed by analyzing the financial statements for the period, which are the balance sheet and the profit and loss statement for each year. With the analysis, the liquidity, indebtedness and profitability indexes were extracted, interpreted, and its variation evaluated. The result shows a low liquidity ratio, peaking in 2013 at 0.6972; indebtedness ratios that could not be covered by the institution's net worth; and, an increase in the accumulated loss and negative net worth balance. Therefore, it was observed that financial indicators analyzed worsened during the government’s intervention, showing that it did not meet the objectives set at the time of the intervention. Keywords: Financial Indicators. Intervention. Financial Administration.
El proceso de renovación de la arquitectura sagrada católica a través de la normativa y el magisterio eclesiásticos (1969-2008)
Authors: López-Arias Fernando
Published: April 2020

La reforma de la liturgia promovida por el Concilio Vaticano II (1962-65) implicó una renovación de los criterios para la construcción de edificios de culto en la Iglesia católica. En una primera fase (1969-88), dicha renovación fue asimilada rápidamente por la arquitectura sagrada del momento. Posteriormente, una serie de dinámicas de la liturgia católica y la arquitectura contemporánea determinaron paulatinamente el desarrollo de un nuevo período para la arquitectura sagrada contemporánea (1988-2008).El artículo concluye tratando de identificar las tendencias de evolución de la arquitectura sagrada católica de los últimos quince años, en las que han tenido una especial relevancia algunos pronunciamientos recientes del magisterio papal: valorización de la dimensión icónica de la iglesia; sacralidad; orientación; protagonismo del ambón; relevancia de la reserva eucarística; uso extralitúrgico y devocional; e iconografía y moderación de la abstracción.
Las primeras adecuaciones litúrgicas en el fondo de la Comisión Central Pontificia de Arte Sacro en Italia
Authors: Fiorini Barbara
Published: April 2020

Desde 1924, operaba en Italia la Comisión Central Pontificia de Arte Sacro en Italia, un ente de la Santa Sede creado en 1924 por Pío XI como órgano asesor y ejecutivo, con el objetivo de proteger y promover el arte sacro. En el transcurso de unos 60 años de actividad, llegaron a la Comisión Central Pontificia más de 6.000 proyectos para su examen.Durante el Concilio Vaticano, el presidente de esta Comisión Pontificia fue Giovanni Fallani, compilador del capítulo sobre el arte en la liturgia de la constitución Sacrosanctum Concilium.Desde la desclasificación del fondo, recientemente inventariado, del Archivo Secreto Vaticano, es posible reconstruir un episodio inédito sobre cómo se trató en Italia la adaptación de las iglesias después del Concilio por parte de los que habían participado operativamente en él. Y por lo tanto, es posible evaluar la correspondencia de los proyectos a los preceptos de la liturgia y del arte sacro.
Interventions in Heritage Sacred Architecture after the Second Vatican Council in Croatia
Authors: Sokol-Gojnik Zorana , Gojnik Igor , Banić Marija
Published: April 2020

In the period of the Second Vatican Council Croatia was part of Yugoslavia. A new political system promoted an atheistic worldview. The result of that process was a hostile relationship between the Church and the official government and a profound division of the Church and the society. It resulted in very rare interventions in the field of sacred architecture. Most of the interventions occurred in the adaptations of sanctuaries after the Second Vatican Council. Most of them were reflecting the lack of co-operation between experts.The change of political system has occurred in 1990. The new democratic system brought religions freedom but the new war destabilized society again. The result is a boom in the construction of sacred buildings reflecting the crisis of that moment. In the last decade, the situation is changing due to the initiatives that bring together theologians, liturgists, architects, architectural conservators, and artists in work on sacred buildings.
Stewardship and renewal of catholic places of worship in Australia
Authors: De Jong Ursula , Marcello Flavia
Published: April 2020

The National Liturgical Architecture and Art Council (NLAAC) is an advisory body to the Bishops’ Commission for Liturgy of the Australian Catholic Bishops Conference, mandated to provide advice in the areas of liturgical architecture, art and heritage. The Council has prepared guidelines for use throughout the Catholic Church in Australia. The most recent of these documents, Fit for Sacred Use: Stewardship and Renewal of Places of Worship (2018) focusses on existing church buildings with particular reference to cultural heritage, and is the subject of this paper. Vatican II sought the full and active liturgical participation of all the people and so existing churches were reordered to foster inclusion. It is timely to consider questions around what constitutes our heritage and how it is valued. Fit for Sacred Use sets out the liturgical and heritage principles which are fundamental to conserving, renovating and reordering a church building. Its holistic approach considers how we renew our churches while honouring our heritage.
Conditioning Factors in Simplification of Catholic Temples after Vatican II in Brazil
Authors: De Souza Alessandro Ferreira Rodrigues , Fragoso Mauro Maia
Published: April 2020

Under the influence of the liturgical reform promoted in the 20th century, Catholic temples assumed very simple characteristics, especially after the determinations of the Second Vatican Council. This simplification can be observed both in the construction of new temples and in the adaptation of others built before the period in question, causing the loss of its identity. In order to understand the simplification of these sacred spaces, we chose the case study: the renovation of Santa Maria de Campos dos Goytacazes Parish Church, located in the North of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In the architectural intervention of this sacred space, conditioning factors were identified as: impositions of the local community; priests who are unaware of ecclesiastical determinations for liturgical space; and the scarcity of architects familiar with liturgical practices and conciliar guidelines. It is necessary to consider new proposals for the use of space, particularly in the rehabilitation of sacred spaces after the Second Vatican Council.
Disasters, Memory and Liturgy
Authors: De Lucia Giulia
Published: April 2020

Seismic events demonstrated the high level of structural vulnerability of Italian ecclesiastical heritage. This paper investigates liturgical reordering applied (or not applied) in the post-earthquake reconstruction of churches. The aim is to analyze if the tragic circumstance of a post-earthquake reconstruction has been taken as an opportunity to renovate the sacramental space as a whole, and above all, to evaluate in which way the memory of the disaster and mourning may have influenced the celebratory aspects. The paper focus on the several criteria that may support choices for churches reconstruction, with or without the assimilation of the liturgical modifications introduced by the Second Vatican Council.If fifty years later, the process of the liturgical modification continues to be problematic in churches with a high heritage or historical value, the issue is event more complex for those buildings affected by catastrophic event and where communities are wounded by traumatic event as an earthquake.
La reutilización eclesial de las iglesias en desuso
Authors: Longhi Andrea
Published: April 2020

El tema del abandono y la reutilización de iglesias redundantes o infrautilizadas involucra tanto al debate científico como a las comunidades eclesiales. Por primera vez, la institución vaticana dedicada al patrimonio cultural ha promovido una investigación entre las conferencias episcopales europeas, de Estados Unidos y de Australia, para formular directrices comunes sobre la reutilización de las iglesias en desuso. El documento final fue publicado el 17 de diciembre de 2018. La presente contribución subraya ciertos aspectos del documento: la relación entre identidad y adaptabilidad en los edificios históricos; el papel de las investigaciones históricas en la definición de las posibilidades de transformación de las iglesias en desuso; la resiliencia del patrimonio religioso; la participación de las comunidades locales y de nuevas comunidades patrimoniales en los procesos de reutilización; y la necesidad de una planificación regional en la definición de estrategias compartidas entre las comunidades eclesiales y la sociedad civil.