bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Battle for Big Sur; or, Debating the National Environmental Ethic
Authors: Brooks Shelley Alden
Published: May 2018

At the end of the 1970s, Carmel resident Ansel Adams turned his considerable influence toward securing federal protection for the Big Sur coastline. Adams endeavored to secure the designation of a Big Sur National Seashore while Democrats still controlled Congress and the White House, but he had an uphill battle during the conservative ascendancy that brought Ronald Reagan into the White House at a time when the nation’s faltering economy challenged bipartisan support for environmental protection. Adams also misread the vehemence with which locals guarded their right to steward the land and live without a federal landlord. Chapter 6 examines the battle over Big Sur as Adams, U.S. congressmen and senators, the Wilderness Society, Monterey County officials, and Big Sur residents debated the cultural, political, and environmental borders of this prized landscape. The chapter argues that like other debates of the era, the question of management authority for Big Sur became value-laden as issues of constitutional rights, privilege, and spirituality played key roles in shaping opinions on the appropriate relationship between people and nature. A place as popular as Yosemite could not escape such national attention, but remarkably, Big Sur’s small number of residents could harness the conservative turn to argue successfully for local management of a national treasure.
Epilogue
Authors: Brooks Shelley Alden
Published: May 2018

Big Sur is compelling not only for its exceptional beauty but also for what it reveals about Californians’ relationship to their coastline. Today, California’s coast reflects residents’ dual desire to protect a remarkable environment and a high quality of life. The world-famous coastline is integral to the state’s economy, to residents’ sense of well-being, and to the California Dream. In Big Sur, residents and local officials pioneered creative preservation measures that would later become common throughout the state. Open-space planning, conservation easements, intergovernmental collaboration and citizen activism, land trusts, and transfer development credits all addressed preservation in an age of increasingly high land values, erratic voter support, and unpredictable government funding. The epilogue examines several key people and places that illustrate contemporary economic and social realities along the Big Sur and California coast, including Peter Douglas, the late, influential executive director of the California Coastal Commission; Billy Post, a fourth-generation Big Sur resident who helped design the luxury resort Post Ranch Inn; and the idiosyncrasies of the Big Sur softball league.
Introduction
Authors: Pike Sarah M.
Published: May 2018

Introduction
The introduction provides an overview of the book by placing it in the context of the environmental humanities, religious studies, youth culture studies and ritual studies. I offer definitions of rites of passage and rites of protest and describe my sources and methods, including ethnographic fieldwork experiences and participant-observation.
At the Turn of the Millennium
Authors: Pike Sarah M.
Published: May 2018

Chapter Two lays out some historical context for the other chapters by charting the convergence of youth culture, North American spiritual and political movements, and environmental and animal rights activism. Radical activism among young adults emerged from the conjunction of a number of historical forces such as anarchism, Paganism and deep ecology. These forces shaped the particular ways activism has come to be expressed within the radical environmental and animal rights movements of late twentieth and early twenty-first century America. In this chapter I suggest that activists travel through networks of affiliation.
Childhood Landscapes of Wonder and Awe
Authors: Pike Sarah M.
Published: May 2018

Chapter Three focuses on the experience of wonder within the landscape of childhood and introduces the notion that activists’ inner histories composed of memories and childhood experiences are brought to and emerge during activist gatherings and direct actions. The extent to which the remembered childhood landscape is imbued with wonder may affect the strength of activists’ grief over destroyed landscapes and mistreatment of nonhuman animals. At activist gatherings and direct actions, activists revisit and reconstruct childhood experiences. Rather than severing their lives from childhood, some of them engage in a creative re-working of childhood experiences by creating a deep ecological politics of action.
Becoming Benny
Authors: Fuller-Seeley Kathryn H.
Published: May 2018

Jack Benny drew from a successful vaudeville career to adapt his humor to radio form in 1932. Realizing the pressures of creating new program material on a weekly basis, he hires Harry Conn. Benny and Conn develop continuing, quirky characters and “comedy situations” in imaginative spaces away from the microphone, that create a new kind of American humor. Sponsored first by Canada Dry Ginger Ale, Benny and Conn develop their program through experimentation, addition of new character Mary, and turn Jack into the “Fall Guy” who was butt of his cast members’ jokes. Friction with Harry Conn nearly derails the program, but Benny finds new writers and the program hits top radio popularity ratings by mid-decade.
Masculine Gender Identity in Jack Benny’s Humor
Authors: Fuller-Seeley Kathryn H.
Published: May 2018

Jack Benny’s comedy frequently upended the idea of heterosexual white masculine domination. Jack was portrayed as a struggling employer and a failure as a patriarch whose radio cast constantly get the better of him. The long-lasting comic feud with fellow radio comic Fred Allen demonstrated a playful camaraderie through insult-throwing. As a second-generation immigrant, Benny’s Midwestern Jewish identity seemed much assimilated, although his humorous themes were deeply rooted in Jewish traditions. Benny greatly enjoyed blurring the sharp divides between masculine and feminine presentation, and his role in the cross-dressing farce Charley’s Aunt, the occasional risqué humor of his radio shows, and his uncannily close imitations of Gracie Allen, discomfited an American culture becoming increasingly anxious about rules of gender identity.
Jack Benny’s Intermedia Juggling of Radio and Film
Authors: Fuller-Seeley Kathryn H.
Published: May 2018

Jack Benny was not only radio’s biggest star after the mid-1930s, but he was the most visible celebrity in Hollywood. This chapter examines the many ways that Benny’s radio program, and Benny’s performance career, intertwined radio and film, two powerful media industries that were often said to be at war with one another. While media conglomeration today means that performers and story ideas are moved freely across media, there were many impediments to do so in the past. Benny’s radio show was the first to parody popular movies, but he could not mention the radio stars who sold rival products. Benny’s radio-themed films made at Paramount between 1939 and 1941, met with significant box office success and even greater critical disparagement.
Benny at War with the Radio Critics
Authors: Fuller-Seeley Kathryn H.
Published: May 2018

Jack Benny and his radio program faced numerous challenges during World War II – difficult performances at military camps, key personnel lost to the draft, mediocre comedy, and creative ennui. Benny and new writers bounced back, starting in 1945, innovating with new radio characters like Mel Blanc’s violin teacher and train announcer, Frank Nelson’s obnoxious functionaries, and disdainful neighbors Ronald and Benita Colman. The “I Can’t Stand Jack Benny” context brought critical acclaim. Then a new generation of radio critics, led by John Crosby, used Benny as the symbol of all that was stale and old in primetime network broadcasting. Benny and his writers alternately complained, fought back, and innovated to regain both popular and critical acclaim.
Introduction
Authors: Carrico Kevin
Published: May 2018

This introduction unfolds each of the keywords in the title The Great Han: Race, Nationalism, and Tradition in China Today through dialogue with a Han Clothing Movement participant. The conflicted nature of nationalism, caught between the ideal of China and the reality of China, is introduced through the movement’s construction of an imagined “real China.” The contentious issues of race and racism in contemporary China are introduced through a participant’s commentaries on Africans and Tibetans. And the idea of tradition, central to the Han Clothing Movement and broader trends in Chinese society, is introduced as an imaginaryinversion of the disillusioning present. Drawing upon these dialogues with a movement participant, this introduction furthermore articulates the concept of critical anthropology, seeking to understand movement participants’ desires while refusing to endorse the outcomes of these desires. Finally, this introduction provides a general overview of the book’s theoretical framework combining Lacan’s analysis of the imaginary and subjectivity with Luhmann’s analysis of social systems and Sloterdijk’s framework of immunizing spheres.
Three Hundred Passovers
Authors: Balberg Mira
Published: May 2018

The fourth chapter brings together the themes discussed in the previous chapters by looking closely at the Passover sacrifice as a test-case. Two sets of disputes underlie the rabbinic discussions and controversies regarding the Passover sacrifice: first, is the Passover an individual or congregational sacrifice, and second, does the essence of the Passover sacrifice lie in the blood or in the meat. These two disputes are closely intertwined in rabbinic discussions, and point toward more fundamental questions regarding the significance and function of the Passover sacrifice. The first part of the chapter shows that rabbinic texts present a strong tendency to collectivize the Passover sacrifice, and to consider it — formally or informally — as a congregational offering, despite the fact that it is funded and consumed by individuals. The second part of the chapter traces a persistent position within rabbinic texts that underplays the consumption component of the Passover offering and places all the emphasis on the manipulation of the offering’s blood.
Ordinary Miracles
Authors: Balberg Mira
Published: May 2018

The chapter focuses on two expansive ritual narratives that pertain specifically to sacrificial procedures in the temple: the account of the daily morning ritual in tractate Tamid and the account of the Day of Atonement ritual in tractate Yoma. It explores how sacrifices are shaped and presented in this unique genre, and whether and how these narratives resonate with the sacrificial vision discussed in previous chapters. The analyses of these narratives show a systematic emphasis on the mundane and routine over the exceptional or prestigious, and on collective and collaborative labor rather than on individual priests. Thus, these tractates divert the audience’s attention from both the substances and the individuals involved in sacrifice, and direct its attention instead to the actions themselves and to the collective dimension of worship. Through this mode of presenting the temple as an arena in which the ordinary is extraordinary and the mundane is sublime, the rabbis promote a religious vision focused on correctness of action, perfection of performance, and communal solidarity.
Said the Prophet of God
Authors: Blecher Joel
Published: May 2018

While scholars have long studied how Muslims authenticated and transmitted Muhammad’s sayings and practices (hadith), the story of how Muslims interpreted and reinterpreted hadith across a millennium or more has yet to be told. Said the Prophet of God takes up this charge, illuminating the rich social and intellectual stakes of hadith commentary in the times and places it came to life: classical Andalusia, medieval Egypt, and modern India. The book closes with an epilogue on how commentary has been taken up by contemporary Islamist groups such as ISIS. Weaving together tales of high court rivalries, colonial politics, and contemporary field notes with explorations of the fine-grained debates among hadith commentators, Said the Prophet of God offers an interdisciplinary audience new avenues for understanding traditions of interpretation at the intersection of social and intellectual history across long periods of time.
The Perils of Public Commentary
Authors: Blecher Joel
Published: May 2018

In the seat of the eleventh-century Andalusian seaside kingdom of Dénia, a hadith was read aloud at a public gathering that stated that Muhammad once handwrote a peace agreement with his opponents outside of Mecca at Hudaybiyya. Despite the fact that the hadith’s apparent meaning complicated the notion that Muhammad was an unlettered Prophet (ummi), the commentator Abu al-Walid al-Baji (d. 1081) chose to take the hadith at face value: Muhammad physically wrote the pact himself. A controversy ensued, forcing the emir of Dénia to appeal to scholarly authorities in Sicily, North Africa, and the Near East to help quell the local outrage over Baji’s commentary. Placing textual narratives of this episode in the context of tenth- and eleventh-century Muslim scholarship on hadith in Andalusia, this chapter explores broader themes of how live and written commentaries of hadith (especially Baji’s Tahqiq al-Maddhab) came to serve as public and politicized forums in which commonly held Islamic legal and theological commitments could be taught, upheld, debated, and sometimes subverted.
Rivalry and Revision in the Manuscript Age
Authors: Blecher Joel
Published: May 2018

While the previous chapter largely drew on narrative sources to explore Mamluk commentarial culture, this one focuses on new manuscript evidence of Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalani’s Fath al-bari to illustrate how multivolume works came to be revised over a period of thirty years, exploring, in greater detail, the evolving interpretive aims at stake. The manuscript sources demonstrate that Ibn Hajar and Badr al-Din al-ʿAynī must have been reading and responding to one another’s works-in-progress, and they made revisions accordingly, knowing their readership would be judging them against one another. It also shows just how difficult it was for authors to control the text of their work once it had been dictated, even when circulated as private copies among a limited readership. The experience of reading and writing in Mamluk intellectual culture could thus involve circulating and competitively responding to works-in-progress prior to and sometimes even after a work was declared complete. At stake in the life of this debate were both the social rewards (in which Ibn Hajar was a fearsome competitor) and the interpretive aims (in which his intentions for what the work could achieve in better preserving the meaning of the Prophet’s authenticated sayings and practices evolved over time).
Oratory in the Shade of the Sultan’s Garden
Authors: Blecher Joel
Published: May 2018

The first part of this chapter builds on the previous two by showing how commentators attacked one another not only from the safety of their written texts but also face to face, during commentary sessions on the canonical hadith compilation Sahih al-Bukhari in the presence of the political and judicial elite at the citadel during Ramadan. That commentary was delivered live meant that performances of memory worked alongside markers of ethnicity, including fashion and elocution, to persuade diverse audiences of one’s power within the scholarly scene and one’s faithfulness to the Prophet’s example. The second part of this chapter analyzes a rare episode of debate in the sultan’s garden over fruit and sweets, which was preserved both in the chronicles as well commentaries. By juxtaposing accounts of the live commentary with the text of the written commentary, this chapter makes visible the political and social conditions that make a commentary possible without losing sight of what normative commitments and beliefs were of grave concern in determining the meaning and application of these texts.
Trustees across the Ocean
Authors: Blecher Joel
Published: May 2018

The first part of this chapter investigates continuities and changes as the figures and texts of the commentary tradition migrated eastward to India and found new life under the rich patronage of the sultanates in Gujarat and the Deccan from the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries. These patrons appeared to value both the intellectual and social goods on offer in the commentarial practice, and thus the fortunes of migrant hadith commentators and the political and military elite in India were intertwined. The second part of this chapter explores how reformist groups such as the Deobandis and the Ahl-i Hadith again turned to hadith commentary to navigate new challenges and opportunities in nineteenth- and twentieth-century India, as British colonial power intensified, established competing institutions of law and education, and introduced new technologies of print. Excerpts from the commentaries of Anwar Shah al-Kashmiri and Siddiq Hassan Khan are given special attention.
Lost in Translation
Authors: Blecher Joel
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines two case studies in the translation of hadith commentary in South Asia. In the first section, I analyze the making of an English translation of Fad al-bari (“Bounty of the Creator”) by Shabbir Ahmad ‘Uthmani (d. 1949), a Deobandi hadith commentator, from the master’s lips in Arabic and Urdu to a book printed in English. This section grapples with ‘Uthmani’s fraught relationship with Western audiences and Western influence in India, which he appeared simultaneously to embrace and resist. In the second section, I examine the work of a contemporary Urdu commentator on prophetic traditions in Hyderabad, India, named Muhammad Khwaje al-Sharif. This section draws on ethnographic observations, interviews, and close readings of his texts to understand how his commentary navigate and emerge from the spaces, times, audiences, technologies, intellectual debates, and syncretic cultural milieu of twenty-first-century Hyderabad.
Comforting the Occupiers
Authors: Kramm Robert
Published: May 2018

Chapter 1 addresses sexuality and prostitution as key elements in the emergence of postwar Japanese nationalism. It tackles the imaginary encounter of occupier and occupied in the post-surrender period before the actual arrival of the occupation forces, analyzing Japan’s authorities’ conceptualization to build a “female floodwall.” The second half of the chapter deals with the first physical encounter between occupiers and the occupied, in which nationalistic fears and desires imagined prior to the occupiers’ arrival were resurrected. It assembles accounts of sexual violence, in particular the rape and molestation of Japanese women by American and Allied servicemen, which Japan’s authorities heavily exploited and integrated into narratives of the victimizing of defeated Japan by vengeful occupiers.
Epilogue
Authors: Kramm Robert
Published: May 2018

The occupiers and the occupied alike—following different and conflicting but sometimes overlapping or even congruent aims and means—shared a deep desire to sanitize sex during the occupation of Japan. Despite varying motivations, sex was pivotal in the occupation period’s biopolitical measurement of what was acceptable, broadly speaking, displaying an economization and socialization of the sexual and sensual. Sexuality, sexual encounters, sex work, and venereal disease—and their regulation—were entering dimensions of the intimate, in which the occupation period’s asymmetries of power and boundaries of race, class, and gender were not only affirmed and reproduced but also stretched, dodged, and resisted.
Introduction
Authors: Blumi Isa
Published: May 2018

“So for you this is a moral issue?” “Because you know, there’s a lot of jobs at stake. Certainly if a lot of these defense contractors stop selling war planes, other sophisticated equipment to Saudi Arabia, there’s going to be a significant loss of jobs, of revenue here in the United States. That’s secondary from your standpoint?”...
Wrong from the Start
Authors: Blumi Isa
Published: May 2018

The migratory, labor, cultural and administrative history of the both North and South Yemen has been neglected. By exploring through Cold War era documents just how invested various internal actors were in transforming Southern Arabia’s relations with the larger world it is possible to add another angle of interpretation to the larger book’s project. It is argued that by leveraging competing external interests, a new set of operatives within Yemen’s political classes emerge. Looking closely at the manner in which the British global empire provided an interactive context for Yemenis, it is possible to highlight the global threads linking indigenous politics with the larger world. Be they Marxist inspired guerrillas whose use of violence help expel Britain from South Yemen in the late 1960s, the early advocates for a retrenchment of Salafist orthodoxy (with deep links to Saudi Arabia), or those merchant families long servicing the trade networks linking Southeast Asia, East Africa with the Middle East, Yemen’s new generation of political actor receives close inspection throughout this chapter.
Plundering Yemen and Its Post-Spring Hiatus
Authors: Blumi Isa
Published: May 2018

This chapter analyzes the aggressive role KSA played in the negotiation phase of the post-2011 crisis in Yemen. A close reading points to a long-term ambition to annex large areas of Yemen rich in oil and water. Methods used for the last century to realize these goals of robbing Yemen of its wealth included first support of pliable locals to help upset stability in the country. Parallel to supporting local politicians is the more recent strategy of paying for the training, arming and logistical support of radical Islamic groups today known as Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), Ansar al-Shari‘a, Islah Party (the Muslim Brotherhood) and more recently Da‘ish/ISIS. Now that these tools have also failed, as evidence by the drawn-out war starting in 2015, it is quite possible a direct invasion is intended to secure KSA’s goals, perhaps at the expense of the UAE, a chief, at least in theory, partner in the current war on Yemen.
Uses of the Profane
Authors: Luk Sharon
Published: May 2018

Chapter Six explores letter correspondence across prison walls as under-recognized mode of communal preservation in the face of publicly administered torture and genocide. This chapter shifts our perspectives on social movements by paying critical attention to ruptures in racial epistemology realized by twentieth-century liberation struggles and to interventions of the epistolary form in this context. Ultimately, this chapter argues that the life of paper constitutes a contradictory kind of creative shelter—a sacred place to foster social being, provide for its study, and generate a mode of its inhabitation. Reading archival materials for traces of the intellectual and affective labor they both congeal and augment, this chapter views letter correspondence as reproductive activity that instantiates life-sustaining claims of belonging to one another and enunciates the experience and significance of being human: nurturing forms of connection and conditions of existence that generatively stress the limits of what is currently knowable.
Epilogue
Authors: Luk Sharon
Published: May 2018

Through personal storytelling, the Epilogue reiterates the ways that studying the life of paper uncovers modes of racialized, gendered, and sexualized embodiment that can be understood within or alongside dominant structurings of human being without being simply derivative of them. From this perspective, within the ultimate mystery of social reproduction as the production of difference, each case in this project has therefore represented dynamics of a basic enigma that are detectable in mediations of the letter and which have been theorized from myriad perspectives as a “poetics,” original acts of making or transformation. In summarizing these arguments, the Epilogue brings such insights to bear on contemporary questions of mass incarceration and decarceration.
65 YEARS OF THE DOUBLE HELIX: Genetics informs precision practice in the diagnosis and management of pheochromocytoma
Authors: Neumann Hartmut P , Young William F , Krauss Tobias , Bayley Jean-Pierre , Schiavi Francesca , Opocher Giuseppe , Boedeker Carsten C , Tirosh Amit , Castinetti Frederic , Ruf Juri , Beltsevich Dmitry , Walz Martin , Groeben Harald-Thomas , von Dobschuetz Ernst , Gimm Oliver , Wohllk Nelson , Pfeifer Marija , Lourenço Delmar M , Peczkowska Mariola , Patocs Attila , Ngeow Joanne , Makay Özer , Shah Nalini S , Tischler Arthur , Leijon Helena , Pennelli Gianmaria , Villar Gómez de las Heras Karina , Links Thera P , Bausch Birke , Eng Charis
Published: May 2018

Although the authors of the present review have contributed to genetic discoveries in the field of pheochromocytoma research, we can legitimately ask whether these advances have led to improvements in the diagnosis and management of patients with pheochromocytoma. The answer to this question is an emphaticYes! In the field of molecular genetics, the well-established axiom that familial (genetic) pheochromocytoma represents 10% of all cases has been overturned, with >35% of cases now attributable to germline disease-causing mutations. Furthermore, genetic pheochromocytoma can now be grouped into five different clinical presentation types in the context of the ten known susceptibility genes for pheochromocytoma-associated syndromes. We now have the tools to diagnose patients with genetic pheochromocytoma, identify germline mutation carriers and to offer gene-informed medical management including enhanced surveillance and prevention. Clinically, we now treat an entire family of tumors of the paraganglia, with the exact phenotype varying by specific gene. In terms of detection and classification, simultaneous advances in biochemical detection and imaging localization have taken place, and the histopathology of the paraganglioma tumor family has been revised by immunohistochemical-genetic classification by gene-specific antibody immunohistochemistry. Treatment options have also been substantially enriched by the application of minimally invasive and adrenal-sparing surgery. Finally and most importantly, it is now widely recognized that patients with genetic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndromes should be treated in specialized centers dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment and surveillance of this rare neoplasm.
A High Quality Genome for Mus spicilegus, a Close Relative of House Mice with Unique Social and Ecological Adaptations
Authors: Couger Matthew B , Arévalo Lena , Campbell Polly
Published: May 2018

Genomic data for the closest relatives of house mice (Mus musculus species complex) are surprisingly limited. Here, we present the first complete genome for a behaviorally and ecologically unique member of the sister clade to house mice, the mound-building mouse, Mus spicilegus. Using read cloud sequencing and de novo assembly we produced a 2.50 Gbp genome with a scaffold N50 of 2.27 Mbp. We constructed >25 000 gene models, of which the majority had high homology to other Mus species. To evaluate the utility of the M. spicilegus genome for behavioral and ecological genomics, we extracted 196 vomeronasal receptor (VR) sequences from our genome and analyzed phylogenetic relationships between M. spicilegus VRs and orthologs from M. musculus and the Algerian mouse, M. spretus. While most M. spicilegus VRs clustered with orthologs in M. musculus and M. spretus, 10 VRs with evidence of rapid divergence in M. spicilegus are strong candidate modulators of species-specific chemical communication. A high quality assembly and genome for M. spicilegus will help to resolve discordant ancestry patterns in house mouse genomes, and will provide an essential foundation for genetic dissection of phenotypes that distinguish commensal from non-commensal species, and the social and ecological characteristics that make M. spicilegus unique.
The Aspergillus nidulans Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinases Are Essential To Integrate Carbon Source Metabolism
Authors: Ries Laure Nicolas Annick , José de Assis Leandro , Rodrigues Fernando José Santos , Caldana Camila , Rocha Marina Campos , Malavazi Iran , Bayram Özgür , Goldman Gustavo H
Published: May 2018

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH), that converts pyruvate to acetyl-coA, is regulated by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDHK) and phosphatases (PDHP) that have been shown to be important for morphology, pathogenicity and carbon source utilization in different fungal species. The aim of this study was to investigate the role played by the three PDHKs PkpA, PkpB and PkpC in carbon source utilization in the reference filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, in order to unravel regulatory mechanisms which could prove useful for fungal biotechnological and biomedical applications. PkpA and PkpB were shown to be mitochondrial whereas PkpC localized to the mitochondria in a carbon source-dependent manner. Only PkpA was shown to regulate PDH activity. In the presence of glucose, deletion of pkpA and pkpC resulted in reduced glucose utilization, which affected carbon catabolite repression (CCR) and hydrolytic enzyme secretion, due to de-regulated glycolysis and TCA cycle enzyme activities. Furthermore, PkpC was shown to be required for the correct metabolic utilization of cellulose and acetate. PkpC negatively regulated the activity of the glyoxylate cycle enzyme isocitrate lyase (ICL), required for acetate metabolism. In summary, this study identified PDHKs important for the regulation of central carbon metabolism in the presence of different carbon sources, with effects on the secretion of biotechnologically important enzymes and carbon source-related growth. This work demonstrates how central carbon metabolism can affect a variety of fungal traits and lays a basis for further investigation into these characteristics with potential interest for different applications.
Entre la ciencia y la cultura: La conformación de discursos médicos sobre la homosexualidad en el contexto del surgimiento del VIH/SIDA en Costa Rica
Authors: Jiménez José Daniel , Bahena Uriostegui Mario
Published: May 2018

En este artículo se analiza la manera en que el discurso médico conceptualizó y representó a la homosexualidad cuando surge el VIH/SIDA en Costa Rica. Se hace una reflexión teórica en torno al tema de la sexualidad como objeto de estudio, y se problematizan las diferentes maneras con las cuales se nombra a los sujetos históricos, seguidamente se analizan los discursos periodísticos. La dinámica saber/poder secual se articula y se institucionaliza en el discurso médico a través de los medios de comunicación; ambas instituciones, junto a la Iglesia, jjugaron un papel fundamental en la progagaciónk de imágenes abyectas sobre la homosexualidad masculina, principalmente.
Impacto de los ciclones tropicales del Atlántico en América Central 1868 - 1869.
Authors: Solano Chaves Flora Julieta , Alfaro Martínez Eric J.
Published: May 2018

En los años 1968 y 1969 se presentó una temporada de Ciclones Tropicales muy activa cerca de la costa Caribe de Costa Rica; sin embargo, a la fecha no hay estudios que resuman y enumeren los impactos provocados por por el paso de estos sistemas sobre los diferentes sectores socioeconómicos de las comunidades afectadas. Por esta razón , este trabajo analizó la presencia e impacto de estos fenómenos en los años de 1968 y 1969 en algunas islas del mar Caribe, México, los Estados Unidos y América Central, enfatizando su estudio en el territorio costarricense. Para 1968 se profundiza su en el estudio y análisis del ciclón tropical Gladys (13-21 octubre). En la temporada de 1969 en los ciclones tropicales Camille (14-16 agosto), Francelia (29 agosto - 4 setiembre), Jenny (1-2 octubre) y Martha (21-25 noviembre).
Base de datos de los contenidos de la Revista del Archivo Nacional de Costa Rica
Authors: Molina Jiménez Iván
Published: May 2018

Base de datos de los contenidos de la Revista del Archivo Nacional de Costa Rica por Iván Molina Jiménez
A natureza do ensino religioso na escola confessional: contribuições de Mircea Eliade para os educadores
Authors: Castro Afrânio Gonçalves
Published: May 2018

O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar a natureza do estudo do Ensino Religioso nas escolas, principalmente nas de cunho confessional, levando-se em consideração a religião enquanto característica da vida humana, norteado pelos fundamentos religiosos estudados por Mircea Eliade. Dessa forma, este artigo propõe-se à debater as diretrizes fundamentais para o Ensino Religioso, evitando-se o proselitismo e a doutrinação, baseando-se no estudo do transcendente, de como o fenômeno religioso se manifesta na história, ao refletir sobre a religiosidade e o despertar a dimensão religiosa do ser humano. Igualmente, retrata-se a necessidade de fazer da escola um espaço para a reconciliação do indivíduo com a sua dimensão religiosa dentro do processo de construção da identidade, vista como ação promotora do pleno desenvolvimento humano.
O desafio de produzir material didático para a escola em tempo integral
Authors: Lucena Luiz
Published: May 2018

Resumo: O presente artigo aborda o desafio de conceber um material didático para a escola em tempo integral do Ensino Fundamental – Anos Iniciais e relata o processo de produção da Solução Educacional Tempo, da Editora Positivo. São descritas: a formação da equipe editorial responsável, a forma de organização do trabalho editorial, a concepção do projeto, a produção dos recursos didáticos que compõem a Solução Educacional Tempo (livros, jogos cooperativos e aplicativo educacional) e sua primeira aplicação em escola-piloto, com a consequente aferição de resultados.
A Bíblia na música de Bob Marley
Authors: Londoño Juan Esteban
Published: May 2018

Este artigo faz uma leitura poético-teológica do uso da Bíblia por Bob Marley, baseado nas categorias hermenêuticas da estética da recepção e da história atual. É feita uma leitura inter-religiosa que busca aprender a ver Deus no Outro e compreender a Bíblia como um livro que também pertence a outras expressões de fé e não apenas ao cristianismo.
Leitura da Bíblia nas prisões de Medellín
Authors: Higuita Alexander Puerta
Published: May 2018

Este artigo apresenta a leitura da Bíblia com jovens em prisões na cidade de Medellín, na Colômbia. O agente pastoral que acompanha o processo é um pastor de origem pentecostal que foi vítima das FARC e sobreviveu a um massacre. Essa compreensão da natureza e da dor humanas tornou-se uma necessidade de ajudar as pessoas que sofrem.
1 Timóteo 2, 9-15: Esperança para a mudança na situação das mulheres na igreja
Authors: Camacho Rosa Alejandra
Published: May 2018

Neste artigo procura-se intuir as razões pelas quais o autor de 1 Timóteo 2, 9-15 escreveu tais palavras duras contra a mulhere condenando-a ao silêncio, submissão e passividade na Igreja. Para ele se mostra que entre o ethos patriarcal do mundo mediterrâneo do primeiro século e a proposta de Jesus de Nazaré havia tensões causadas pela contraculturalidade do projeto cristão. Ao levar este projeto a ambientes não-judeus, os confrontos expandiram-se e chegaram a novas fronteiras nas quais o problema se concentrava no papel das mulheres. As comunidades do cristianismo primitivo deram respostas diversas, uma delas é a apresentada na perícope de estudo e, embora não seja a única, foi a que se materializou com mais força na história. Conhecendo estes contextos, o leitor poderá abordar com outros olhos 1 Timóteo 2, 9-15.
Konsumpcjonizm jako błąd mentalny
Authors: Mysona Byrska Joanna
Published: May 2018

Konsumpcjonizm to niewłaściwy stosunek do przedmiotów i niewłaściwy sposób ich używania. Dla Jana Pawła II to przykład mentalnego błędu. Człowiek jest i zawsze będzie konsumentem – konsumpcja jest wpisana w istotę bycia człowiekiem. Problem polega na właściwym stosunku do rzeczy i nadawaniu właściwej miary znaczeniu przedmiotów, które człowieka otaczają. Człowiek popada w konsumpcjonizm, gdy podporządkowuje swoje życie dobrom materialnym tak, że one zaczynają nadawać sens jego życiu. Odwraca się wówczas porządek uznawany przez Jana Pawła II za właściwy – w miejsce człowieka panującego nad przedmiotami to one zaczynają nim władać i kierować jego życiem. Przeciwdziałać temu można przez praktykowanie cnoty umiaru i roztropności.
Administrative Decisions Addressed to Insurance Intermediaries Issued by the EIOPA – A Macro-prudential Supervision Instrument for Consumer Protection
Authors: Szaraniec Monika
Published: May 2018

This article identifies new supervisory competences of the EIOPA in relation to insurance intermediaries and insurance companies on the domestic insurance market of the European Union, which constitute public-law protection of the customer (consumer) of insurance services. These competencies protect the client (including the consumer) of insurance services. In the present legislation the client enjoys twofold micro-prudential supervision protection – at the national and the EU level. Decisions issued by the EIOPA may be addressed both to national supervisory authorities and to the supervised entities themselves. Decisions addressed to the supervised entities shall prevail over any previous decisions adopted by the competent national authorities in the same case.
Charakterystyka umów dotyczących poziomu usług oraz kluczowych wskaźników efektywności w praktyce outsourcingu procesów rachunkowości
Authors: Świetla Katarzyna
Published: May 2018

As the world economy has grown, the global service sector has evolved, and outsourced accounting services have seen the most robust growth of all. As a result, cooperation between the entity purchasing the service of separated processes and the service provider is becoming more and more common. Outsourcing external services allows organisations to reduce costs and ensure access to the latest technological solutions as well as to save time, which the contractor can use for its primary activity.To achieve success within the framework of bilateral cooperation, it is necessary to refine the design of both the contract concluded between the parties along with its specification in the form of a service level agreement (SLA) as well as the correct selection of key indicators (KPI) to assess the effectiveness of the benefits purchased. Thus, the article presents the principles of construction on contracts regarding the use of relevant services and the principles underlying the basics of indicators to assess their quality. The content of the article has been prepared on the basis of the subject literature, legal regulations and online source materials, including a review of reports presenting the use of SLA and KPI for the purposes of assessing the level of service provision.
Hydrometallurgical Treatment of an Eudialyte Concentrate for Preparation of Rare Earth Carbonate
Authors: Ma Yiqian , Stopic Srecko , Friedrich Bernd
Published: May 2018

This study was a small part of the EURARE project concerned with the processing of eudialyte concentrates from Greenland and Norra Kärr, Sweden. Eudialyte is a potential rare earth elements (REE) primary resource due to its good solubility in acid, low radioactivity and relatively high REE content. The main challenge is avoiding the formation of silica gel, which is non-filterable when using acid to extract REE. Some methods have been studied to address this issue and, based on previous research, this paper examined a complete hydrometallurgical treatment of eudialyte concentrate to the production of REE carbonate as a preliminary product. Dry digestion with concentrated hydrochloric acid (10 M) and subsequent water leaching of the treated eudialyte concentrate resulted in high REE extraction while avoiding gel formation. Experiments were performed at a small scale to obtain the optimal parameters. After the first two stages, 88.8% REE was leached under the optimal conditions (HCl:concentrate ratio 1.25:1, digestion time 40 min, water:concentrate ratio 2:1, leaching temperature 20–25°C and leaching time 30 min). After obtaining the pregnant leach solution, preliminary removal of impurities by a precipitation method was examined as well. When adjusting the pH to ~4.0 using calcium carbonate, zirconium, aluminium and iron were removed at 99.1%, 90.0% and 53.1%, respectively, with a REE loss of 2.1%. Finally, a pilot plant test was performed to demonstrate the feasibility and recovery performance under optimal parameters. The material balance in the upscaling test was also calculated to offer some references for future industrial application. A REE carbonate containing 30.0% total REE was finally produced, with an overall REE recovery yield of 85.5%.
Revelations from an online diagnostic arithmetic and algebra quiz for incoming students
Authors: Maharaj Aneshkumar , Dlomo Thokozani
Published: May 2018

A review of relevant literature revealed that research indicates an alarming number of secondary school students who enter tertiary institutions display a serious lack of mathematical basics required for the study of university mathematics. This so-called change from the secondary school to tertiary study of mathematics has become an important field of mathematical learning research. In this context, at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, online diagnostics for pre-calculus knowledge and skills were made available to first-year mathematics students. We report here on some findings from an analysis of the provision of diagnostic questions for basic arithmetic and algebra. The results show that the diagnostic questions which were in the form of an online quiz assisted students to cope with their mathematics module in the sense that it positively impacted on the final results of students who attempted the quiz.
Significance:

Students who completed an online quiz on basic arithmetic and algebra to identify their strengths and weaknesses indicated that the quiz prepared them for the material they had to study for their mathematics module.
INNOVATION IN TEACHING ENGLISH FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT: A TECHNOLOGY-INTEGRATED APPROACH
Authors: Pielmus Cristina Georgeta
Published: May 2018

Nowadays, innovation is seen as a process of change, whose implementation is supposed to bring about more effectiveness in those organizations that envision such reformative initiatives. In language education, innovation is often related to the emergence and experimentation of both pedagogical and technology-integrated approaches to teaching and learning. The technology-based language teaching refers to the integration of modern technology into the language class, either as a tool or as a resource. From this perspective, the article starts with an overview of the literature regarding key-concepts we operate with throughout the paper and is organized in several subsections attempting first to define what innovation in language education is, then to clarify what English for Law Enforcement is against the distinction between English for Specific Purposes as opposed to General English. Further the paper focuses on the use of ICT in English language teaching, enumerating and illustrating how the technology-based approaches can be employed in language classes. This section makes the shift to the next one, which discusses a concrete case of teaching English for Law Enforcement students in Romania, exemplifying the “what” and “how” of the use of technology in such a language learning environment, pointing out both its benefits and drawbacks for both teachers and learners.
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BELIEVERS AND NON-BELIEVERS, SERVING THEIR SENTENCES (AS ILLUSTRATED BY CHRISTIANITY)
Authors: Kolesnikova Natalia , Makarkina Oksana , Dvoretsky Dmitry , Manoylova Marina
Published: May 2018

The object of the work was the research of religiousness as the factor affecting on nature of punishment, future plans, view of life and self-concept. In the work were used the following research methods: personal psychological characteristic examination, assessment of convicted person by the staff, social diagnostics of such factors as conscience of guilt, attitude toward punishment and punishment administration analysis.There were revealed trends in the study testifying an influence of religiousness on persons serving their sentences. Thus, religiousness is a trigger for correctional facility adaptation because there is a decrease of offences and violations of custodial control. Psychological diagnosis showed that the religious have higher opinion of themselves than the irreligious. 63, 2% of the religious have high or average level of inherent value and only 42, 9% of the irreligious have such level of inherent value. The faith promotes positive attitude to life and lower rate of depression among the religious testifies this. Religious convicted persons’ aim in life is to realize their moral standards of higher hierarchical level and this is a favorable background for their life after deinstitutionalization.Thus, research of religiousness as the factor affecting on convicted persons serving their prison terms has showed positive influence of faith on nature of punishment, future plans after deinstitutionalization, view of life and self-concept.
MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Leus Olga , Maslak Anatoly
Published: May 2018

The relevance of the measurement and analysis of teachers’ professional performance is based on the fact that teachers largely determine the quality of education at schools. The measurement of the latent variable "teacher’s professional performance" is done within the framework of the theory of latent variables based on the Rasch model. It was shown that the set of indicators has a high differentiating ability. The results of the measurement of this latent variable are used to compare the quality of professional activities of teachers of mathematics, history, Russian language, and literature as well as primary school teachers. No statistically significant differences were found between the professional performance of teachers of mathematics, history, and primary school teachers. The quality of professional activity of teachers of Russian language and literature is lower. The results of the measurement of teachers’ professional performance were used for comparison of schools. As one would expect, the highest quality of professional performance of teachers is in high schools and lowest in the primary schools; secondary schools occupy an intermediate position. Teachers’ professional performance is defined operationally, using a set of indicators. This set of indicators can be adjusted to clarify the content of the latent variable "teacher’s professional performance".
ADAPTATION TO CHANGES ON THE JOB MARKET - THE ROLE OF CAREER COUNSELING FOR STUDENTS
Authors: Kukla Daniel Mariusz
Published: May 2018

Professional counseling for students plays an important role and support for students in the transition process from education to the labor market. However, in order to be effective, the content of consultancy services should be adapted to the real needs of students (often resulting from transformations in the education and work market). This study indicates selected challenges faced by contemporary students (future graduates) in the context of the dynamics of the labor market development but also adaptation to permanent changes in this market.