bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and predictors of iron deficiency anaemia in adolescent girls in India
Authors: Baruah Akanksha , Gautam Sarita
Published: October 2023

Background: In India, iron deficiency anaemia is highly prevalent, particularly among women of reproductive age group. Following early childhood, during adolescence, the risk of iron deficiency and anaemia reappears for both boys and girls, but remains more susceptible to girls because of menstrual loss. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence and predictors of iron deficiency anaemia in adolescent girls in India.
Methods: This study was a descriptive form of review of literature on data from comprehensive national nutrition survey (CNNS 2016-2018). CNNS was conducted to collect data on the nutritional status of Indian children from 0-19 years of age. The data collection period was from 26 February 2016 to 24 October 2018 and data was collected using individual and household questionnaires.
Results: In the study, prevalence of various levels of anaemia (mild, moderate and severe) was higher in adolescent girls as compared to adolescent boys. Adolescent girls had 31.3% iron deficiency whereas adolescent boys had 11.5% iron deficiency. Anaemia prevalence was also higher in the age group 15-19 years as compared to 10-14 years.
Conclusions: It was concluded that iron deficiency anaemia was more prevalent in adolescent girls than boys. Inadequate intake of iron rich foods and vitamin C, less knowledge about anaemia, low socio economic conditions along with poor hygiene and sanitation practices are the major factors that contribute to iron deficiency anaemia.
Prevalence of risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease amongst carpenters using lung function questionnaire
Authors: Subramanian Visalakshi H. , Lokesh Mukthapuram , Krishna Kumar A. K. Vijay
Published: October 2023

Background: An obstructive ventilatory pattern is a hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a slow-progressing respiratory condition that is frequently linked to cigarette use and can result in chronic respiratory failure. A case-finding tool called the lung function questionnaire (LFQ) is being created to help doctors choose which patients should undergo spirometry testing to confirm the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Methods: Survey research study of 185 convenient sampling.
Results: The results were obtained using lung function questionnaire. Statistical analysis shows that there is prevalence of risk for COPD amongst the carpenters.
Conclusions: This study concludes that there is a risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in carpenters who are exposed to saw dust as more than half the samples have scored less than or equal to 18 which indicates the risk for COPD.
Psychological response and perception to lockdown among keralites during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Francis Joyal , Thomas Arppana , Aboobacker Aleena S.
Published: October 2023

Background: Kerala, which has a population density of 860 people per square kilometre, has been able to significantly curb the spread of COVID-19. This was a result of people in the State, politics, and social settings. Previous outbreaks showed that psychological symptoms could be severe and last longer than physical illness. This study examines the sources of information as well as the peritraumatic distress, attitude towards lockdown.
Methods: 2335 individuals under lockdown were given a 32-item questionnaire over the internet from March to August 2020. This covers demographic data, days spent in quarantine, attitude, and awareness, adherence to lockdown procedures, and PDI for measuring psychological distress. Overall score was calculated and associations found using the Chi-square test in SPSS 20.
Results: The average quarantine period lasted 10.12 days. 77.9% of individuals reported high stress, with a mean PDI score of 47.73. The psychological distress was more severe for those who were female and were placed in quarantine. The PDI score has associations with gender, education, health care access, loneliness, and the propensity to not adhere to lockdown measures. 89% of the responders expressed concern for their safety. We discovered that being in quarantine had a significant association with loneliness, concern about getting medical care, and resource accessibility.
Conclusions: The population had high levels of perceived stress during the pandemic. The detrimental effects of COVID-19 do not just fit into morbidity and mortality but have wider implications for mental health issues that require proper attention.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of medical students in a Metropolitan city on the role of planetary health in medicine and the impact of climate change on health through a survey
Authors: Arun Bharadwaj Pranav , Jannavada Hasitha
Published: October 2023

Background: The study identifies medical students as channels of behavior change communication and intends to study the knowledge, attitude and practices of medical students with regard to climate change and its impact on health. The study also aims to address the role of planetary health in medicine.
Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the standard KAP Form published by the UNICEF, aimed at assessing the subjects’ knowledge of the effects of climate change on health, their attitude with regard to the present situation, and their involvement in climate friendly activities, was administered upon informed consent. Further, they were enquired about the position of their institution on sustainable practices and climate education. The above was studied through several open and closed ended questions. The data was assessed through relevant tools.
Results: The study showed that 94.02% of the subjects believed that climate change was real and 47.87% of them believe that climate change is equally caused by human and environmental factors while 45.30% of them felt human factors were the primary cause of climate change. Nearly 66.68% of the responders considered planetary health and climate change education highly essential components of the medical curriculum.
Conclusions: Climate change is a serious concern, and has a severe impact on ecosystems and human health. Medical students must be aware of the role that climate change plays in disease pathophysiology, and act as agents of dissemination of climate education and planetary health.
Quality of life and barriers to access healthcare services among persons with disability aged 18-59 years in the area of Sarjapur primary health centre: a cross sectional study
Authors: Nagaraja Deepika , Shanbhag Deepthi N.
Published: October 2023

Background: Disability is defined as any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Apart from the type and severity of disability, factors such as socioeconomic and marital status are associated with poor QOL life among the PWDs There are distinctive barriers in accessing healthcare services resulting into poorer health outcomes among PWDs.
Methods: The objective of the study was to assess the quality of life and barriers associated with access to healthcare services among adults with disabilities in the age group of 18-59 years. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study done in Sarjapur PHC area. The sample size was calculated as 100. Stratified random sampling was used with each village as a strata. WHO BREFQOL was used assess the QOL and a face validated tool was used to assess the barriers in accessing healthcare services
Results: Among the 100 PWDs interviewed, 56% were males and 44% were females. The mean age of the study group was 35.5+11.6years. The median (IQR) QOL scores in each domain was as follows: physical 15.1 (12.0, 18.1), psychological 14.0 (10.6, 16.6) social 16.6 (13.3, 18.6) and environmental 16.0 (13.5, 18.0). There was a significant association (p<0.05) between education and QOL, marital status with psychological and environmental domain. The important barriers to access health services were institutional barrier (18%), attitudinal barrier (9%) and environmental barrier (7%).
Conclusions: The overall QOL was poor among the study subjects. Institutional barrier was higher when compared attitudinal and environmental barrier.
Effect of supplementation of Purslane-Portulaca oleracea in hypercholesterolemic subjects
Authors: Tarkergari S. , Waghray K. , Gulla S.
Published: October 2023

Background: Portulaca oleracea (Purslane) is a medicinal plant containing diverse phyto constituents grown all over the world. Several studies have reported its pharmacological effects like, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, hypotriglyceridemia neuroprotective effects.
Methods: Dried Portulaca oleraca leaves were incorporated into spice powder/ karampodi a south India food adjunct which was used for supplementation studies for 90 days (3months) among hyper glycemic subjects after obtaining a written informed consent. Biochemical parameters like lipid profile, i.e., total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, kidney function test, Liver function test were assessed. Baseline information, their medical history and 24hr dietary recall was elicited from the subjects through a pretested schedule.
Results: The results have shown that the total cholesterol levels and its fractions along with triglycerides were significantly decreased, HDL-C increased significantly in the test groups from pre- supplementation to during-supplementation and were stable at post-supplementation period.
Conclusions: Our results indicated that the spice powder was rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid had a strong hyper cholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic effect.
Prevalence of anemia among school going adolescents in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Dev Sathish , Valli Sugantha , Kumar Amar Nagesh
Published: October 2023

Background: Nutritional anemia, with iron-deficiency anemia as the most prevalent type, is a pressing global health concern, impacting two billion people worldwide. Among vulnerable groups, school-going adolescents aged 10 to 17 years require special attention due to the critical phase of growth and development during this period. This study aims to assess the prevalence of anemia and its association with sociodemographic factors among adolescents in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 900 adolescent girls, utilizing a multistage sampling technique. Hemoglobin levels were measured using one-touch blood sampling, and physical examinations were performed by trained healthcare professionals. A structured questionnaire collected sociodemographic information, dietary habits, and lifestyle factors.
Results: The study revealed a concerning prevalence of anemia, with 60% of the participants affected. Among these, 41.3% experienced moderate anemia, while 18.4% had mild anemia, and 0.4% had severe anemia. A significant correlation was observed between anemia prevalence and low socio-economic status among the participants.
Conclusions: The high prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls in Thiruvallur district underscores the urgency of targeted interventions and public health initiatives to address this critical health issue. Improving nutrition, healthcare access, and socio-economic conditions are crucial steps in combating anemia's impact on school-going adolescents. Collaborative efforts from policymakers, healthcare providers, and community organizations are essential in eradicating nutritional anemia and enhancing the health and prospects of adolescents in the studied region.
Menstrual health and hygiene management among female college students and their mothers in Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Devi Indra , George Sobha
Published: October 2023

Background: A two-generation study on menstrual health and hygiene practices among daughters and their mothers is limited. In this study, the primary objective was to compare menstrual health practices, period poverty and menstrual hygiene practices between female college students and their mothers.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 female college students (mean age 19 years) and their mothers (n=500, mean age 41 years) in the Thoothukudi district. Five colleges were selected from the twenty colleges in the district using simple random sampling. From the list of students from the selected colleges, female students were selected using computer-generated random numbers and the mothers of all the selected students were included in the study. Information on menstrual health, period poverty and menstrual hygiene was collected using a pre-tested structured interview schedule.
Results: Among daughters, 80.4% speak about menstrual pain more than mothers 44% (p<0.001). Of the daughters, 46.2% and 19.8% of the mothers had information about menstruation before menarche (p<0.001). Among daughters 63% and among mothers 30.2% are embarrassed about buying period products (p<0.001). Sanitary pad use among daughters was 93.2% compared to 69.9% among mothers (p=0.001). Using cloth as their menstrual product was reported by 21.8% of daughters and 50.4% of mothers (p=0.001).
Conclusions: During menstruation, daughters reported better hygiene practices than their mothers. However, some of the daughters still use clothes as menstrual material, which needs improvement.
Assessment of relative efficiency of COVID-19 vaccines granted emergency use authorization in India and their respective modes of delivery-an economic evaluation
Authors: Ray Shomik , Singh Alka , Singh Ranjana
Published: October 2023

Background: Effective public health interventions need to be assessed for efficiency in order to optimize results and justify investments especially under conditions of uncertainty and resource constraints. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented situations where decisions had to be taken based on limited evidence available in order to save human lives. Vaccines have been identified to be the mainstay of the public health response to the pandemic. In India, nine vaccines have been granted emergency use authorization (EUA) and are being delivered through multiple modes. Efficiency of vaccine delivery needs to be established to maximize results and formulate policy in  long run.
Methods: This study will be conducted in Delhi and Bhubaneshwar. Two systematic reviews, a cross-sectional community survey and a complete economic evaluation using a decision tree model will be carried out to meet the study objectives. Data will be captured through computer assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) using CS pro software. Outcomes will be measured in lives saved and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) gained by vaccination. This will be the first study providing a detailed cost of COVID-19 vaccination and treatment segregated by government or private provider
Conclusions: The study would establish the relative efficiency of each vaccine granted EUA over the other by their individual modes of delivery.
Response and adaptations made by the integrated child development services stakeholders towards the digitalisation of its record keeping systems of the Anganwadi centres in urban Gujarat, India
Authors: Kurian Sneha , Chawada Bansari L
Published: October 2023

Initiated on 12th February 2018, Anganwadi centres (AWC) of Gujarat adapted the integrated child development services common application software (ICDS-CAS), for real time monitoring and record keeping, for Anganwadi workers (AWWs), Anganwadi supervisors (AWS) and the child development project officers (CDPO).This application was abruptly discontinued in September 2020 and replaced by ‘Poshan tracker’ ,a mobile based application, launched by the ministry of women and child development, government of India on 1st March 2021. Documentation of challenges and benefits due to shift to software-based record keeping system by frontline workers of ICDS in urban Gujarat. Informal meetings were held with stakeholders like the CDPO, AWS and AWWs to discuss the challenges faced due to digitalisation of record maintenance. We planned to conduct two focused group discussions (FGD) for the same purpose. FGDs were conducted at two different Anganwadi, within city corporation area. Audio recordings of both FGDs were repeatedly played and analysed to prepare qualitative report. ‘ICDS-CAS’ didn’t store older records so the AWWs had to refer to their older registers. The software was English based but AWWs preferred Gujarati(local) language. ‘Poshan tracker had no ‘auto-update’ and ‘delete’ option, to rectify inaccurate entries. One could easily view all the information in one glance. Software database had compiled data from anganwadi, removing the need for supervisors to separately contact each AWWs for an anganwadi data. It was concluded that elder AWWs preferred old register entry system, while the younger AWWs preferred the software data entry system.
Aeromonas sobria cellulitis with septic shock: rare but potentially lethal in chronic liver disease
Authors: Pal Dipankar , K. Rajiv Karthik
Published: October 2023

Aeromonas, a common bacterial resident of freshwater is known to cause gastrointestinal illness in humans. Contaminated water and aquatic foods are the usual sources. Gastrointestinal disease is usually mild in normal individuals and responds to common antibiotics. However, extra-intestinal infections by Aeromonas species have been increasingly reported. Severe skin and soft tissue infection followed by septic shock may be seen in immunocompromised individuals. Bacteremia can also occur secondary to invasive gastroenteritis in persons with impaired immunity. Patients with decompensated chronic liver disease have been noted to be at especially high risk for fatal infection due to this pathogen. It can cause early bacteremia and rapid death without surgical debridement. We report a case of fatal Aeromonas cellulitis with septic shock in a patient with known advanced alcoholic liver disease. It started following minor skin injury and subsequent exposure to pond water. The patient presented late with septic shock and succumbed to his illness.
Types, prevalence, management, and outcome of maxillofacial tumors
Authors: Shawly Hussam Hussain , Softah Wed Abdulrahman , Sharrahi Haitham Mohammed , Alenezi Asma Husain , Alshaibani Zayed Monif , Alruwili Raghad Alrawi , AlOtaibi Turki Ayyad , Alamer Seham Saleh , Alsanea Abdulrahman Ibrahim , Alshammari Shoug Mefawez , Khojah Alaa Abdulhamid
Published: October 2023

Maxillofacial tumors constitute a diverse group of pathologic disorders with various histological types and clinical behaviours. The causes of head and neck tumors involve a combination of environmental factors and genetic predisposition. Although less frequent in children and adolescents, they still represent approximately 3% to 10% of head and neck tumor cases worldwide. Accurate diagnosis and management are crucial for favourable outcomes. The tumors can be categorized into epithelial, soft tissue, odontogenic, hematologic, and bone tumors, each with distinct characteristics and treatment approaches. The prevalence of these tumors varies based on location, age, and gender. A multidisciplinary approach, including surgery, medical treatments, radiation therapy, and palliative care, is often required for managing these tumors. Prognosis and outcomes depend on tumor type, stage, and individual factors, with early diagnosis and appropriate management contributing to better results. Regular follow-up is essential to detect potential recurrence or metastasis early and provide timely intervention. Individualized evaluation and treatment by qualified medical professionals are vital due to the uniqueness of each case. This review discusses the classification, clinical features, histopathological characteristics, radiographic presentations, treatment options, and prognosis of maxillofacial tumors.
Sebaceous gland diseases: clinical picture risk factors and treatment
Authors: Kashkary Suhail Mohammed , Almutairi Saood Faisal , Alkhars Alzahraa Ahmed , AlYaqout Wasen Abdullah , Alajmi Fahed T. , Shuwaikhat Hussain Ali Al , Alkanderi Roaa Ali , Mayouf Hawraa Abdulwahab , Asiri Saud Yahya , AlShuria Abdulaziz Abdulwahab , Jawad Zainab Abdulshaheed
Published: October 2023

Sebaceous glands are present in almost every part of the skin or body except the palms and soles, and the primary function of these glands involves the generation of sebum. However, numerous diseases, both benign and malignant, have been linked to abnormal sebaceous gland activity. Sebaceous gland disorders are a class of widespread dermatological conditions with numerous aetiologies. Diseases in which the primary involvement is associated with sebaceous glands comprise conditions such as steatocystoma, sebaceous gland hyperplasia, sebaceoma, sebaceous adenoma, nevus sebaceous, and sebaceous carcinoma. Additionally, sebaceous glands play a secondary role in androgenic alopecia, acne vulgaris, and seborrheic dermatitis. Steatocystoma simplex or multiplex is a non-cancerous growth that arises either sporadically or through inheritance in an autosomal dominant manner, originating from mutations in the keratin 17 gene. Sebaceous gland hyperplasia refers to the non-malignant enlargement of sebaceous lobules, which presents as papules exhibiting a yellowish color and telangiectatic features. Common treatment methods for sebaceous gland hyperplasia include the application of topical retinoids, the administration of oral isotretinoin, and the surgical removal of the affected lesions. Nevus sebaceus also referred to as a nevus of Jadassohn or organoid nevus, represents a congenital skin hamartoma originating from mosaic mutations. While acne vulgaris is a highly prevalent and complex disorder influenced by various factors, one of which is the increased production of sebum. Acne can be managed using approaches like topical or systemic antibiotics, hormonal therapies, cautery-based lesion removal, and phototherapy techniques such as laser treatment. The purpose of this research is to review the sebaceous gland diseases: clinical picture, risk factors, and treatment.
Motor, physical, and psychosocial parameters and assessment in preschool children
Authors: Alzamzami Abdulghani , Alamri Dhafer Ali , Alfeheid Fatimah Hamad , Alanazi Rawan Wadi , Alhutayrashi Nourah Jameel , Al-Shehri Saeed Mofareh , Sheikh Noor Haroon , Alshehri Israa Hamdan , Albogmi Abdulaali Ghazi , Amri Saud Mohammed Al , Alkaaboor Abdulaziz Ahmed
Published: October 2023

Managing children's motor, physical, and psychosocial aspects in their formative preschool years is a complex and personalized endeavor, emphasizing early intervention and interdisciplinary collaboration. Motor development management in preschool children underscores the importance of timely intervention. Pediatric physical and occupational therapies play pivotal roles in addressing these challenges, employing engaging activities and exercises tailored to individual needs. The individualized nature of these interventions recognizes each child's unique journey and fosters skill acquisition and development. In parallel, managing physical parameters in preschool children involves growth monitoring, nutritional counseling, and addressing common health concerns. Consistent growth monitoring helps identify deviations from expected patterns, allowing for early intervention in cases of growth-related concerns or nutritional deficiencies. Preschoolers' susceptibility to common health issues necessitates medical management, symptom control, and preventive measures. Psychosocial development management in preschool children centers on emotional resilience, social competence, and cognitive readiness. The discussion also highlights emerging evidence of a link between motor skills and executive functions in preschool-aged children, suggesting opportunities for evidence-based interventions and coordination-demanding activities to optimize motor and cognitive development in this crucial developmental phase.
Overview and management of post-intensive care syndrome
Authors: Nassar Mazen A. , Hamed Baraa M. , Alkhudhair Sakinah I. , Alshehri Dhafer A. , Alqahtani Saad A. , Alsaihati Ola A. , Aldahleh Renad A. , Albarqi Mohammad B. , Radwan Ismail M. , Marzogi Kaled A. , Alhussain Alhareth K.
Published: October 2023

Any patient suffering from critical life-threatening illnesses in most cases require hospitalization, in the care unit (ICU) where they can receive essential life-sustaining treatments. This has created an impact including more than 50 million individuals world-wide. Although advancements, in technology and healthcare have increased survival rates many individuals who survive these illnesses experience long-term impairments known as post-intensive care syndrome (PICS). PICS encompasses cognitive and emotional challenges that significantly affect patients' quality of life and ability to return to their normal routines. Caregivers may also face similar emotional hurdles, a condition referred to as PICS-family (PICS-F). The prevalence of PICS varies but can affect up to 50% of ICU survivors. Cognitive difficulties can be noticed in, around 70% of instances impacting abilities like memory, focus, and decision-making. These difficulties can lead to emotions such, as sadness worry, and a condition known as traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Multiple factors, such as delirium, sedation, and pre-existing health conditions play a role, in the emergence and severity of PICS. Diagnosing PICS involves comprehensive assessments covering physical, cognitive, and emotional dimensions. Screening should ideally commence during the ICU stay and continue post-discharge. Assessment tools such as the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and emotional functioning screenings aid in identifying PICS. This manifests physically through muscle weakness and fatigue, impacting mobility and daily activities. Effectively managing ICUs requires the implementation of models and strategies that optimize resource utilization. However, these strategies may entail challenges such as data integration and stakeholder involvement. Preventing PICS involves proactive measures like reducing sedation, promoting early mobility, and offering rehabilitation services. Addressing PICS necessitates a proactive approach, comprehensive patient care, and collaboration among multidisciplinary teams. The successful implementation of these strategies depends on thorough evaluation and active engagement with all stakeholders involved in ICU management.
Exercise testing and risk assessment of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Alharbi Samar A. , Shaeri Intisar A. , Alharith Salem S. , Almutairi Shatha S. , Aljaafari Ahmed N. , Alshahrani Nouf F. , Alalhareth Naif H. , Alshahrani Saad A. , Alsomali Abdullah J. , Aldhaeefi Maram Y. , Hakami Ghaym M.
Published: October 2023

Managing pulmonary hypertension (PH) involves approaches to relieve symptoms, slow disease progression, and improve patient outcomes. Advances in treatment strategies, risk assessment methods, and lifestyle adjustments have significantly improved PH care. While PH has no cure, treatment options are available to alleviate symptoms, extend life expectancy, and slow disease advancement. Tailoring treatment strategies based on the type and severity of PH as individual patient response and tolerance is crucial. The main goals include alleviating symptoms, enhancing quality of life, improving capacity, and increasing survival rates. Diagnosis and management require evaluation and regular follow-up due to the complexity of PH treatments. Different medical approaches play a role in symptom relief. Improving overall system function. Oxygen therapy and procedures such as septostomy or lung transplantation may be warranted, contingent on disease severity. Lifestyle modifications, encompassing exercise training, smoking cessation, and weight management, complement pharmacological interventions. Risk assessment tools, typified by the REVEAL risk score, have revolutionized PH care by facilitating personalized therapeutic approaches. Genetic factors are increasingly considered, heralding a new era in tailored treatment. While challenges persist, ongoing research endeavors promise.
Epidemiological and clinical presentation of head and neck neoplasia: a review
Authors: Munjal Manish , Munjal Shubham , Saggar Vanshika , Kaur Hardeep , Arora Vineeta , Sandhu Lovleen , Binepal Tegbir Singh , Bharadwaj Iti , Arora Anurima , Mehta Devambika , Pillai Anjana
Published: October 2023

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) stand at the sixth position most, amongst all the malignancies worldwide. Neoplasms arising in the oral cavity, larynx, pharynx, salivary gland and nasal cavity are all included in the head and neck malignancies. More than 90% of malignancies of the oral cavity are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Among the four head neck cancer sub-sites combined, the mean age at the time of diagnosis has risen, in the last four decades. Studies have documented a male predilection.  A small percentage of SCC cases are inherited or are familial. Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, betel quid chewing, poor nutrition, poor oral hygiene, HPV, Epstein-Barr virus and Candida albicans infections are the etiological agents who have the ability to cause HNSCC. Non healing ulcer, difficulty in swallowing, change in voice, swelling, sore throat- that doesn’t get better- are the symptoms of head and neck cancers. Moreover, there may be unusual bleeding, facial swelling or difficulty in breathing.
India’s sustaining challenges to combat rabies elimination: a comprehensive review
Authors: S. R. Arun Krishna , A. S. Hemapriya , S. Sundar Jasmine
Published: October 2023

Rabies is one of the fatal zoonotic diseases wreaking havoc on humanity since antiquity. India continues to suffer the greatest rabies burden of any country, both in terms of annual human deaths and disability-adjusted life years. While modern rabies management emphasizes the importance of achieving zoonotic disease control and prevention through a One Health approach, the disease remains challenging as its persistence is invariably multifaceted. Therefore, it is imperative to examine the enduring reasons for the increasing incidence of rabies in India. Between 2012- 2022, a systematic search of scientific publications, popular search engines like Google, as well as in the grey literature regarding rabies was carried out. Since rabies elimination boils down to addressing the reasons, it is first seen related to the large and unvaccinated stray dog population, where 97% of cases are by dog bites. A second finding is that many bite victims resorted to indigenous treatment practices due to insufficient awareness and knowledge about the disease. Incomplete treatment practices also led to some deaths, especially because rabies vaccines are not affordable or accessible to poverty-stricken populations. Rarely, vaccine failures were caused by a lack of vaccine potency, a wound type, or ineffective administration methods. Even with all these data incorporated, there was no information on prevalence/incidence estimates of dog bites in recent years through national data. Therefore, without intensified surveillance, sustained political commitment, enormous mobilization of resources, and rabies education, the epidemic waves of this fatal disease will continue in India.
Maturidade de Méis produzidos por Abelhas Tubi (Scaptotrigona sp.) da região Litoral Norte Maranhense
Authors: Galvão Francielton Santos , Santos Débora Silva , Costa Maria Célia Pires , Aguiar Nayara Nojosa , Camara Adriana Leandro , Vasconcelos Antônio Francisco Fernandes de
Published: October 2023

A abelha tubi (Scaptotrigona sp.) é uma espécie de abelha sem ferrão que pertence a tribo Meliponini (Hymenoptera, Apidae), encontrada principalmente nas florestas tropicais, sendo que no Brasil, há ocorrência da espécie nas regiões norte, nordeste, sudeste e centro-oeste. A falta de regulamentação técnica de identidade e padrão para a produção de mel da abelha tubi é um obstáculo para a cadeia produtiva desta espécie, uma vez que a meliponicultura é uma atividade alternativa de geração de renda de grande importância para as populações tradicionais. Com isso, visando contribuir para a avaliação da qualidade de méis de abelhas sem ferrão, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os parâmetros de maturidade de amostras de méis de abelhas tubi. As análises de umidade, açúcares redutores e sacarose aparente foram realizadas no Laboratório de Macromoléculas e Produtos Naturais da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão. Conforme os resultados obtidos para os parâmetros de maturidade, as amostras de méis apresentaram percentual médio total de umidade de 26,29 % ± 1,47, para açúcares redutores a média total encontrada foi de 53,97 g.100 g-1 ± 2,71 e para a sacarose aparente, o valor médio total obtido foi de 6,29 g.100 g-1 ± 2,97, variando de 2,84 a 11,19 g.100 g-1. Observou-se que os resultados encontrados estão compatíveis com os padrões estabelecidos para mel de meliponíneos do Brasil. Os méis das abelhas sem ferrão tubi apresentam composição e características químicas próprias da espécie.
Comportamento agronômico de genótipos de morangueiro submetidos a formas de cultivo
Authors: Sampietro Ana Paula , Oliveira Luiz Fernando de Jesus , Lima Claudia Simone Madruga , Santos Elaine Rodrigues dos , Leandrini Josimeire Aparecida , Lemos Pedro Luiz Panisson Kaltbach
Published: October 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico de dois genótipos de morangueiro submetidos a diferentes formas de cultivo em sistema orgânico de produção. Os genótipos utilizados foram CREA FRF LAM 269.19 (dia curto) e CREA FRF 114.01 (dia neutro). Os morangueiros foram cultivados em solo, calhas, slabs ou vasos. O delineamento experimental foi com arranjo casualizado em sistema bifatorial. As avaliações foram: datas de início de floração, frutificação e colheita; aspectos da planta e de frutas; e aspectos produtivos - produção total; número de frutas, produção comercial; produção de frutas pequenos e; produtividade total. O genótipo CREA FRF 114.01 apresentou maior precocidade de colheita e maior desenvolvimento vegetativo. O cultivo em calha e canteiros proporcionaram maior produção e qualidade de frutas em ambos os genótipos. Nos canteiros, as frutas produzidas apresentaram maior teor de sólidos solúveis em ambos os genótipos. Conclui-se que o genótipo CREA FRF 114.01 associado ao cultivo em canteiros proporcionou melhor aptidão de cultivo nessas condições, melhorando os atributos de qualidade e desenvolvimento no sistema de cultivo orgânico.
Memoria de maestros, mares y ciudades. Selección extraída de las memorias de Salvador Pérez Arroyo
Authors: Delgado Orusco Eduardo , Medina Juan Manuel , Pérez Arroyo Salvador
Published: October 2023

La colección de textos que sigue a continuación y que conforma la sección magistral de este volumen es una selección de las memorias redactadas por Salvador Pérez Arroyo en los últimos años. Memorias en plural, porque, como se verá, se trata de un conjunto de escritos aparentemente inconexos, cuya ligazón es el mismo devenir vital de su autor.
Guía metodológica del estudio de asentamientos humanos para zonas rurales: vivienda de interés cultural. Caso de estudio: Orocué, Casanare
Authors: Ponce de León Hernández María José
Published: October 2023

El artículo es una guía para el estudio de asentamientos humanos en zonas rurales que apoya la nueva política de vivienda de interés cultural en Colombia. Está enfocada en la dimensión sociocultural y de la experiencia humana del hogar mediante técnicas y dinámicas vernáculas en la aplicación de proyectos constructivos y de adaptación al hábitat. Plantea una manera viable de levantar arquitectura y cultura por medio de una aproximación íntima con las comunidades, a fin de que académicos, arquitectos, constructoras y entidades públicas desarrollen proyectos en zonas vulnerables de manera sostenible, viable y apropiada.
RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE AND ITS APPLICATION IN ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rahmadi Rahmadi , Hamdan Hamdan
Published: October 2023

This research explores the multifaceted concept of religious moderation within the context of Islamic education in Indonesia. The study investigates four primary aspects: the foundational idea of religious moderation, its diverse perspectives and approaches, the implications of religious moderation in education, and its practical implementation in Islamic educational institutions. Various perspectives on religious moderation education, including theological-normative, sociological, anthropological, and cross-cultural communication perspectives, are examined in detail. Normatively, religious moderation education is guided by the concept of "wasathiyyah" (middle path) along with its defining characteristics. In the sociological aspect, the cultivation of religious moderation is achieved through socialization, fostering individuals to become responsible members of society and citizens who exhibit religious moderation in their social interactions. In the anthropological aspect, religious moderation education is realized through processes of acculturation, encompassing enculturation, socialization, and internalization. Furthermore, the communication aspect highlights the significance of cross-cultural communication as a means to promote religious moderation by facilitating middle-ground communication between diverse cultural backgrounds. The study also underscores the presence of religious moderation content within the scientific traditions of Islamic boarding schools and colleges, emphasizing the importance of preserving and enhancing this aspect. However, it is noted that there is room for improvement in the realm of madrasas, as they still need to strengthen their focus on religious moderation. This can be achieved through deliberate efforts in socialization and fostering a civilizing environment within the madrasah setting. Additionally, incorporating character moderation into the curriculum structure, hidden curriculum, and extracurricular activities is considered vital in nurturing religious moderation among students in madrasas. In conclusion, this research offers valuable insights into the comprehensive understanding and implementation of religious moderation in Islamic education within the Indonesian context. The findings presented here are significant for educators, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to promote a balanced and moderate approach to religious education in the country.
REDEFINING THE MEANING OF FREEDOM IN LIBERAL THEOLOGY AND LIBERATION THEOLOGY, AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN RELIGIOUS LIFE
Authors: Huda Nurul , Kuswanjono Arqom , Utomo Agus Himmawan
Published: October 2023

The concept of freedom in historical settings is often regarded as the primary catalyst for the rise and fall of civilizations. In ancient Greece, freedom was deemed to have played a crucial role in propelling Greek civilization to its zenith. The dark ages of Europe were similarly perceived as a period of diminished freedom due to the dominance of the church. However, the emergence of the Renaissance and modern era marked a resurgence of freedom, reminiscent of the values prevalent during the ancient Greek period, characterized by secular principles. Religious values were considered incompatible with modernity. Nevertheless, in a religious society, the essence of freedom lies in the most fundamental realm, namely theology. This article aims to explore how freedom is evident in the attributes of God, the life of Jesus, and the Bible within the context of liberal and liberation theology. Both of these theological perspectives signify a profound shift in religious attitudes, moving away from dogmatism and excessive conformity to orthodoxy, towards a more critical and progressive outlook. Liberal and liberation theology present a responsive depiction of religion, advocating for and fighting alongside human freedom, thus ensuring that religion remains relevant and problem-solving. While liberal theology endeavors to vocalize freedom to bridge the gap between faith and modern sciences, liberation theology strives for human freedom from all forms of discrimination and marginalization. Despite their apparent similarities, they diverge in their interpretation of freedom, leading to distinctions in the practical realm and religious practices.
YUSUF AL-QARADAWI'S PERSPECTIVE ON FIQH AQALLIYAT IN A MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY
Authors: Asror Moh , Rofiqi Rofiqi , Syafaq Hammis , Hilmy Masdar
Published: October 2023

Fiqh al-aqalliyyat plays an important role in addressing the unique challenges faced by Muslim minority communities in multicultural societies. In multicultural societies, where diversity and multiple cultures are embraced, issues relating to values, culture, and customs can lead to discrimination or marginalisation of certain groups. Therefore, it is important to promote equality, inclusion and non-discrimination, which allows all individuals to feel valued, respected and have equal access to opportunities. Muslim minority groups, such as Shia Muslims and Ahmadiyya Muslims, face particular challenges in a multicultural society like Indonesia. The study of fiqh al-aqalliyyat in multicultural societies, particularly in Indonesia, aims to understand how Islamic law is applied to Muslim minority communities and their religious practices. Qualitative research using concept analysis is used to examine fiqh al-aqalliyyat from the perspective of Yusuf al-Qaradawi. Data source triangulation and content analysis techniques were used to collect and analyse primary and secondary data. In conclusion, fiqh al-aqalliyyat plays an important role in addressing the challenges faced by Muslim minority communities in a multicultural society. By adopting a comprehensive approach that considers various aspects of their lives, fiqh al-aqalliyyat aims to promote the rights, obligations, and welfare of minority groups while respecting Islamic principles. The development and application of fiqh al-aqalliyyat are constantly evolving to adapt to the ever-changing realities and contexts faced by Muslim minority communities.
A CRITIQUE OF TAKFῙR TENDENCY IN BARBAHĀRI’S SHARḤ AS-SUNNAH
Authors: Arikewuyo Nafiu Ahmed
Published: October 2023

Takfῑr (excommunicating Muslims from Islam) has recently attracted renewed attention among Muslim scholars due to its devastating effects on Muslims. Modern Salafism is mostly accused of the trend. Hence, the present research traces the genesis of Takfῑr tendency to one of the most acceptable classical works among the modern Salafis, Sharḥ as-Sunnah of Imam Barbahāri (d. 329 A.H.). The paper is library-based and adopts the analytic method of research. The study reveals that Barbahāri is guilty of loose declaration of worthless matters as an act of apostasy. Some of the matters in which he displayed the Takfῑr tendency are differing from the Companions in any religious matter, the beatific vision of Allah in this world, the consecration of his work, treating Muslims as non-believers, and sweeping declaration of his contemporaries as an apostate. It also found the Takfῑr -laden approach of the author in his work was triggered by the nature of the heretic Jahmiyyah sect he targets. It will be out of context to apply his texts to the generality of non-Hanbali Muslims who don’t share the grave and dangerous creeds of the Jahmiyyah. This is the point where many modern Salafis who hold the work in high esteem become guilty. They adopt the letters of Barbahāri ’s texts as a general guideline for relating with their opponents, even if their religious differences are not up to the standard of the heretic Jahmiyyah
MUHAMMADIYAH YOUTH'S PROCLAMATION OF ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION IN INDONESIA THROUGH DAKWAH COMMUNICATION
Authors: Darmawan Candra , Kamaruddin Kamaruddin , Rudin Toha
Published: October 2023

This article delves into the pivotal role of Muhammadiyah Youth's preaching communication in Indonesia, focusing on its contribution to the nation's independence. The organization's primary aim is to address and rectify deviations within the da'wah process, while also promoting an advanced and educated social and educational structure. Employing a qualitative research methodology through library research, the study draws from primary sources, including Books of Islamic Intellectual Treasures, Islamic Intellectual Reform, Contextualization of Islamic Doctrine in History, and Intellectual Tradition of Malay Scholars of the 18th Century AD, alongside relevant secondary data. Data collection involves four techniques: heuristics, verification, interpretation (analysis and synthesis), and historiography. The research reveals that Muhammadiyah Youth's da'wah communication encompasses three key domains: godliness, focusing on God, His attributes, and the universe's relationship with Him; morality, addressing human behavior, relationships with God, others, and the universe; and physics, exploring nature's growth and development.The relevance of Muhammadiyah Youth's preaching communication is demonstrated through four doctrines: enlightening the people, promoting charitable actions, fostering cooperation for virtue, and steering clear of political pragmatism. To ensure continuous and responsive da'wah in a dynamically changing society, it is crucial to anticipate the negative implications of information and communication globalization. The study advocates for informative, comprehensive, targeted, and sustainable preaching, leading to the effective implementation of Islamic sharia in society, transcending mere legal aspects.
Relationship of Risky Internet Use with Parental Depression and Anxiety in a Sample of Turkish Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: DERİN Songül , ERSİN Muhammed , SELMAN Saliha Büşra
Published: October 2023

Parental mental health has a significant impact on adolescent well-being, including their engagement in problematic behaviors such as risky internet use. However, limited research has examined the association between parental mental health and risky internet use (RIU) in adolescents, particularly those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To address this gap, this study investigated the relations between parental depression and anxiety symptoms and RIU in adolescents with ADHD. A sample of 100 participants (mean age = 13.6 years; 27% female) diagnosed with ADHD was included. Parental depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression and Beck Anxiety Inventories, while adolescents' RIU was measured using Young's Internet Addiction Scale. Participants with scores exceeding 50 on the scale were classified as having RIU. After controlling for adolescent gender, parental education levels, and income, the results revealed that both parental depressive (β = 0.09) and anxiety symptoms (β = 0.06) significantly predicted an elevated risk of RIU in adolescents with ADHD. These findings highlight the substantial role of parental depression and anxiety as risk factors for RIU in this population. Understanding these associations can inform the development of targeted interventions to mitigate the impact of parental mental health on adolescent RIU and promote better outcomes for individuals with ADHD.