bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Underwater image enhancement using multi-task fusion
Authors: Liao Kaibo , Peng Xi
Published: February 2024

Underwater images are often scattered due to suspended particles in the water, resulting in light scattering and blocking and reduced visibility and contrast. Color shifts and distortions are also caused by the absorption of different wavelengths of light in the water. This series of problems will make the underwater image quality greatly impaired, resulting in some advanced visual work can not be carried out underwater. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes an underwater image enhancement method based on multi-task fusion, called MTF. Specifically, we first use linear constraints on the input image to achieve color correction based on the gray world assumption. The corrected image is then used to achieve visibility enhancement using an improved type-II fuzzy set-based algorithm, while the image is contrast enhanced using standard normal distribution probability density function and softplus function. However, in order to obtain more qualitative results, we propose multi-task fusion, in which we solve for similarity, then we obtain fusion weights that guarantee the best features of the image as much as possible from the obtained similarity, and finally we fuse the image with the weights to obtain the output image, and we find that multi-task fusion has excellent image enhancement and restoration capabilities, and also produces visually pleasing results. Extensive qualitative and quantitative evaluations show that MTF method achieves optimal results compared to ten state-of-the-art underwater enhancement algorithms on 2 datasets. Moreover, the method can achieve better results in application tests such as target detection and edge detection.
TRIM72 restricts lyssavirus infection by inducing K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of the matrix protein
Authors: Sui Baokun , Zheng Jiaxin , Fu Zhenfang , Zhao Ling , Zhou Ming
Published: February 2024

The tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family is the largest subfamily of E3 ubiquitin ligases, playing a crucial role in the antiviral process. In this study, we found that TRIM72, a member of the TRIM protein family, was increased in neuronal cells and mouse brains following rabies lyssavirus (RABV) infection. Over-expression of TRIM72 significantly reduced the viral titer of RABV in neuronal cells and mitigated the pathogenicity of RABV in mice. Furthermore, we found that TRIM72 over-expression effectively prevents the assembly and/or release of RABV. In terms of the mechanism, TRIM72 promotes the K48-linked ubiquitination of RABV Matrix protein (M), leading to the degradation of M through the proteasome pathway. TRIM72 directly interacts with M and the interaction sites were identified and confirmed through TRIM72-M interaction model construction and mutation analysis. Further investigation revealed that the degradation of M induced by TRIM72 was attributed to TRIM72’s promotion of ubiquitination at site K195 in M. Importantly, the K195 site was found to be partially conserved among lyssavirus’s M proteins, and TRIM72 over-expression induced the degradation of these lyssavirus M proteins. In summary, our study has uncovered a TRIM family protein, TRIM72, that can restrict lyssavirus replication by degrading M, and we have identified a novel ubiquitination site (K195) in lyssavirus M.
trabalho abstrato em Marx a partir de Isaak Rubin e Juan Cesar García
Authors: Silva Milton Santos Martins da , Leite Amanda Bezerra da Silva , Santos Isabela Poscidonio , Rambaldi Mariana de Souza Lima , Piccoli Simone Gabriele , Almeida Beatriz Thiago Ferreira de
Published: February 2024

O duplo caráter do trabalho, considerado um dos pontos centrais da teoria do valor de Marx, apresenta diferentes abordagens dentro do pensamento marxista. Isaak Illich Rubin, considerado um dos mais importantes intérpretes da teoria do valor, em sua obra “Ensaios sobre a Teoria do Valor de Marx”, discute os principais elementos definidores do trabalho abstrato e analisa suas concepções mais usuais, reforçando a centralidade da troca e da transformação em trabalho social. No campo da saúde, o médico e sociólogo argentino Juan César García também discute sobre o duplo caráter do trabalho e, apesar de se inserir numa linha de pensamento criticada por Rubin, traz o olhar sobre a relação entre o trabalho e o processo saúde-doença. Desde o debate entre as contribuições/reflexões sobre o trabalho abstrato na obra de Rubin e García, este artigo traça as contradições e aproximações importantes à construção do pensamento marxista entre estes dois autores.
Schelling, Hegel, Marx y Lukács
Authors: Manuel Samaja
Published: February 2024

El presente artículo expone breve y esquemáticamente algunas ideas referidas al punto de vista de la totalidad y del historicismo en la comprensión del ser social. Para ello, se recupera al pensamiento de la filosofía clásica alemana (especialmente de Schelling y Hegel) así como la obra de Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels y Georg Lukács. La idea que estructura todo el escrito consiste en que las relaciones sociales actuales solo pueden ser correctamente comprendidas como una totalidad compleja y antagónica en desarrollo histórico, cuyo momento decisivo es el modo dominante de la producción social. En este sentido se concluye presentando la posición marxista-lukacsiana respecto de la relación entre la totalidad de relaciones sociales y los individuos, mediatizados por diversos complejos sociales, concebidos como términos inseparables del desarrollo histórico del ser social.
l
Treatment of cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral infarction in the internal carotid arteries circulation system: results of a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Khasanova D. R. , Yakupova A. A. , Kamchatnov P. R. , Chefranova Zh. Yu. , Bogdanov E. I. , Pilipenko P. I , Khasanova N. M.
Published: February 2024

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Prospecta drug in the treatment of cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) in the carotid vascular territory.

Material and methods. The double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial enrolled 246 patients aged 40 to 75 years with IS in the carotid vascular territory within 72 hours of stroke onset, moderate CI (<26 points on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA), full consciousness (15 points on the Glasgow Coma Scale), moderate severity of stroke (8–12 points on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS), moderate impairment of activity (2–3 points on the – Modified Rankin Scale, mRs). At visit 1, complaints and medical history were collected, vital signs (VS) and laboratory parameters were recorded, CI was assessed according to MoCA and the Glasgow Coma Scale, NIHSS and mRs were filled out. Patients were randomized into two groups: in the first group they received Prospecta for 90 days, in the second group placebo (PL) following a similar regimen. The groups were comparable in terms of demographic and baseline clinical characteristics. After 90 days, complaints, medical history, VS, laboratory parameters and assessment of CI according to MoCA were recorded, and NIHSS and mRs questionnaires were filled out again. The intention-to-treat (ITT) efficacy analysis was performed based on the results of the treatment and follow-up of the Full analysis set (FAS), which comprised 241 patients (122 patients in the Prospecta group and 119 patients in the PL group; 4 patients were excluded from the ITT analysis because they were erroneously included in the study). The results of the per-protocol (PP) analysis are shown in square brackets.

Results. The 90-day use of Prospecta reduced the severity of CI in patients with carotid IS compared with placebo therapy. MoCA scale scores increased from 20.7±3.5 [20.9±3.0] to 24.6±2.9 [25.2±2.5] points in the Prospecta group and from 21.7±2.4 [21.6±2.4] to 24.5±3.0 [24.8±2.8] points in the PL group (p=0.0006 [p=0.0014]). 42 adverse events (AEs) were recorded in 32 (26.0%) patients in the Prospecta group and 37 AEs in 28 (23.0%) patients in the PL group (p=0.656). All AEs in the Prospecta group were not significantly related to the use of the drug. No deaths or recurrent IS were recorded.

Conclusion. Prospecta is an effective and safe treatment for CI in patients with carotid IS
Neuropsychological assessment of the morphofunctional organization of humour perception processes
Authors: Kantova M. A. , Ivanova E. M. , Mikadze Yu. V.
Published: February 2024

A review of studies analysing the process of humour perception under normal conditions and its disturbances in brain damage is presented. The perception of humour is considered to be a multicomponent mental activity that occurs through a series of cognitive and affective processes characterized by a specific brain organization. The results of studies on the perception of humour in healthy people and in patients with brain damage are largely inconsistent: neuroimaging studies confirm the important role of structures of both hemispheres of the brain, while clinical data indicate a significant contribution of structures of the right hemisphere to the perception of humour. Studies on humour perception in healthy individuals and clinical studies have found no differences between the neuronal correlates of verbal and non-verbal humour perception. A neuropsychological approach to the study of the structure of the process of humour perception may be important for diagnosis of affective and cognitive disorders in patients with brain damage, as difficulties in the perception of humour may reflect disturbances of the most subtle aspects of the functioning and interaction of cognitive and emotional-personal processes.
Normatywna i rekonstrukcyjna perspektywa ujmowania metodologii badań w pedagogice
Authors: Urbaniak-Zając Danuta
Published: February 2024

The fundamental purpose of the article is to signal the premises for giving a greater importance to reconstructive methodology and to recall its possible dimensions (or generality levels of methodological research). The author begins by recalling the context of supplying the scientific method with a distinguished status, which justifies the dominance of the normative character of methodology in the researchers’ minds. She notes the importance of sociocultural factors for changes in the social  sciences research practice, as well as the new understanding of practice by some contemporary philosophers, which justifies the granting of greater status to research practice. In the final part of the article, she presents levels of methodological reconstruction. Focusing on research practice will make it possible to see methodological innovations as a reaction to the change of conditions for conducting scientific research and as a search for ways to transcend the cognitive obstacles encountered.
Is Data the New Gold? Considering Intellectual Property Protection and Regulation of Data
Authors: Rockett Katharine
Published: February 2024

This article reviews the economics literature on the optimal design of intellectual property, the current framework for protecting data, focussing on the European Union, and the main features of data. It combines these to ask how current intellectual property protection instruments and surrounding regulation could be adapted to more usefully protect (non-personal) data that require investment to create and encourage its diffusion. The main changes from current protections include an expansion of registration and cataloguing systems, more definition of quality certification, and increased attention to portfolios of protection mechanisms.
Electron-assisted probing of polaritonic light–matter states
Authors: Abad-Arredondo Jaime , Fernández-Domínguez Antonio I.
Published: February 2024

Thanks to their exceptional spatial, spectral and temporal resolution, highly-coherent free-electron beams have emerged as powerful probes for material excitations, enabling their characterization even in the quantum regime. Here, we investigate strong light–matter coupling through monochromatic and modulated electron wavepackets. In particular, we consider an archetypal target, comprising a nanophotonic cavity next to a single two-level emitter. We propose a model Hamiltonian describing the coherent interaction between the passing electron beam and the hybrid photonic–excitonic target, which is constructed using macroscopic quantum electrodynamics and fully parameterized in terms of the electromagnetic dyadic Green’s function. Using this framework, we first describe electron-energy-loss and cathodoluminescence spectroscopies, and photon-induced near-field electron emission microscopy. Finally, we show the power of modulated electrons beams as quantum tools for the manipulation of polaritonic targets presenting a complex energy landscape of excitations.
BRCA mutation in Vietnamese prostate cancer patients: a mixed cross-sectional study and case series
Authors: Cam Pham Phuong , Van Pham Thai , Doan Dinh Long , Thuan Nguyen Loi , Viet Le Nam , Bich Bui Mai , Quang Nguyen Hung , Van Pham Tuyen , Thuy Thi Vo Quynh , Binh Vu Thu , Thu Thi Vu Hien , Bich Thi Le Ngoc , Quoc Hoang Binh , Lan Thi Luong Anh , Thi Nguyen Hoai , Phuong Thi Nguyen Ly , Minh Pham Lanh , Phuong Ngo Thuy , Minh Nguyen Hien , Ngoc Tran Dang , Truong Nguyen Vien , Trong Mai Khoa
Published: February 2024

Objectives

Prostate cancer features have been linked to mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Assessing the status of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene carriers in patients contributes to accurate diagnosis, disease prognosis as well as appropriate targeted treatment methods. This study evaluated the prevalence of these mutations in Vietnamese prostate cancer patients and assessed their correlation with clinical features.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed at Bach Mai Hospital between 2021 and 2022. We enrolled 60 prostate cancer patients. Next-generation gene sequencing was used to identify BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples. Patients with somatic gene mutations underwent further germline mutation analysis. We also reported a case series following the British Medical Journal guidelines, detailing the clinical course of such patients.

Results

Patients with BRCA2 pathogenic variants revealed no BRCA1 mutations, although different mutations were identified. Two patients showed germline mutations. Patients with BRCA mutations were younger (average age: 66.2 years) than those with non-mutations (72.1 years) at diagnosis. High Gleason scores, lymph node metastases, and distant metastases were more prevalent in the mutation group. One patient with germline BRCA mutation had aggressive prostate cancer and early resistance to non-PARPi (Poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors) treatments.

Conclusions

We provide preliminary data on BRCA mutations in Vietnamese patients with prostate cancer, suggesting that BRCA2 mutations correlate with aggressive disease characteristics. Our findings further elucidate the clinical implications of these mutations.
Hiatus resolution and linguistic diversity in Australian English
Authors: Penney Joshua , Cox Felicity , Gibson Andy
Published: February 2024

Vowel hiatus is typically resolved in Australian English through complementary strategies of liaison (j-gliding/w-gliding/linking-r) and glottalisation. Previous work suggests a change in progress towards increased use of glottalisation as an optimal hiatus-breaker, which creates syntagmatic contrast between adjacent vowels, particularly when the right-edge vowel is strong (i.e. at the foot boundary). Liaison continues to be used when right-edge vowels are weak, but glottalisation as a hiatus resolution strategy in general appears to be increasing and may be more common in speakers from non-English speaking backgrounds raising the question of whether exposure to linguistic diversity could be driving the change. We examine hiatus resolution in speakers from neighbourhoods that vary according to levels of language diversity. We elicited gliding and linking-r hiatus contexts to determine how prosodic strength of flanking vowels and speakers’ exposure to linguistic diversity affect hiatus resolution. Results confirm that glottalisation occurs most frequently with strong right-edge vowels, and gliding/linking-r are more likely with weak right-edge vowels. However, strategies differ between gliding and linking-r contexts, suggesting differing implementation mechanisms. In addition, speakers from ethnolinguistically diverse areas produce increased glottalisation in all contexts supporting the idea that change to the hiatus resolution system may be driven by language contact.
Speciation simulation and sorption mechanism of 238Pu in radioactive waste repository lithosphere
Authors: Chen Chao , Yang Song , Zhu Jun , Zhang Aiming , Lian Bing
Published: February 2024

The assessment of the migratory and environmental behavior of radioactive nuclides escaping from waste treatment facilities heavily relies on the use of numerical models capable of simulating and characterizing all significant processes of nuclides in complex geological environments. Adsorption models typically encompass the chemical properties of the nuclides themselves and their chemical reactions with the surrounding environment, as well as processes such as ion exchange or physical adsorption. These processes must be taken into consideration in the long-term safety assessment of radioactive waste repositories. The redox-sensitive nuclide 238Pu, a critical member among transuranic elements, exhibits a diverse range of aqueous forms, and concurrently, it possesses high toxicity. The chemical behavior of 238Pu shows strong spatial variability with changes in environmental conditions. In this study, we constructed a theoretical model for the migration of nuclides in soil and groundwater environments through indoor static batch experiments and hydrogeochemical simulations. Experimental methods were employed to dissect the micro-scale, irreversible adsorption reaction processes of nuclides and identify their primary existing forms. According to field measurements, the pH of groundwater was recorded as 7.48, with an Eh of 125.7 mV. Introducing a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10 g/mL in centrifuge tubes, we measured the radioactive nuclide concentration after achieving adsorption and desorption equilibrium, obtaining adsorption and desorption isotherms. The PHREEQC software was employed to investigate the changes in 238Pu forms under varying conditions of pH and redox potential. Field measurements provided groundwater pH and Eh values. The activity concentration of the nuclide was measured after reaching adsorption and desorption equilibrium. The results show that the adsorption isotherms of 238Pu differ from its desorption isotherms, indicating an irreversible adsorption-desorption process. Ion exchange and surface complexation were identified as the main modes of adsorption. PHREEQC simulations revealed that 238Pu primarily existed in forms such as tetravalent Pu(OH)4 and trivalent Pu(SO4)2
−, PuSO4
+. Pu(OH)4 accounted for the largest proportion (97%) in the groundwater solution system, while a minimal amount of pentavalent PuO2
+ was present. Environmental factors, such as pH and the presence of ions like SO4
2− and HCO3
−, influenced the forms of 238Pu.
Growth and physiochemical properties of semi organic ammonium pentaborate dihydrate single crystal
Authors: Dhatchaiyini Kumar , Vinothkumar Panjanathan , Joyal Isac Sankar , Dinesh Ayyar , Ammavasi Malarkodi , Mohamed Hanifa Nizam Mohideen , Ayyar Manikandan , Ansari AbuZar , Mahmoud Mohamed H. , Fouad Hassan
Published: February 2024

The slow evaporation technique was used to produce nonlinear optical ammonium pentaborate dihydrate (APBDH) single crystals. The crystal lattice parameters and structure of APBDH crystal was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction (S-XRD) technique with the triclinic space group. The optical band gap of the grown crystal was determined using UV–Vis spectrophotometer. There is no absorption peak was observed in the entire visible region of the spectrum. The functional groups of the APBDH crystal were identified through Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) and Fourier transform Raman (FR-Raman) analyses. The thermal decomposition and thermal stability of the grown crystal was measured using TG-DTA analyses. The laser damage threshold (LDT) analysis was used to know the ability to withstand the influence of laser on the grown crystal. Photoconductivity of the grown crystal was studied and its photocurrent and dark current behavior was examined. The surface morphology of the APBDH crystal was evaluated using HR-SEM analysis. The APBDH crystal was exhibited second harmonic generation behavior and its efficiency was calculated with different particle sizes.
Şırnak ve Çevresinde Maden Araştırmaları ve Kömür Madenciliği (1868-1907)
Authors: GÜLENÇ Ahmet
Published: February 2024

Osmanlı Devleti’nde XIX. yüzyılda başlayan makineleşmeye bağlı olarak madencilik faaliyetleri hız kazanmıştır. Özellikle vapur, tren ve seri üretim yapan bazı fabrikaların ihtiyaç duydukları enerjinin karşılanması için devlet genelinde maden arama ve üretim faaliyetleri artış göstermiştir. Bu dönemde maden arama ve üretimin yapıldığı yerlerden biri de Şırnak ve çevresidir. Şırnak’ta bulunan Cudi Dağı’nın kuzeyinde yer alan Hacı Behram kömür madeni ve aynı dağın güneyinde yer alan Harbul kömür madeni, XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında keşfedilmiştir. Bölgede madenlerin keşfi ile birlikte merkezi idare tarafından bölgeye, madenlerin çıkarılması için bazı uzman madenciler gönderilmiştir. Hacı Behram ve Harbul madenlerinden çıkarılan kömür, Dicle nehri üzerinde bulunan kelekler ile Bağdat'a taşınır ve buradaki vapurların enerji ihtiyacını karşılamak için kullanılırdı. Şırnak çevresinde çıkarılan kömür zaman içerisinde yerli ve yabancı teşebbüslerin ilgisini çekmiştir. Yabancılar, kömürün ihtiyaç olan bölgelere daha hızlı ulaşması için Harbul’dan başlamak üzere Bağdat Demiryolu hattına bağlanacak şekilde yeni bir hattın yapılmasını gündeme getirmişlerdir.
İSLAMİ FİNANS KURUMLARINDA İSLAMİ MUHASEBE VE İSLAMİ ADLİ MUHASEBE SÜRECİ
Authors: KARACA Halime , AKSU İbrahim
Published: February 2024

Küresel platformda artış gösteren finansal suçların soruşturulmasında geleneksel yöntemlerin yetersiz kalması, yeni bir denetim mekanizması kurulmasını zorunlu kılmıştır. Literatür incelendiğinde adli muhasebe mesleğinin uygulama alanlarının genel olarak; (1) Dava Destek Danışmanlığı (Dava Desteği), (2) Uzman Tanıklık/Şahitlik (Bilirkişilik) ve (3) Hile Denetimi (Araştırmacı Muhasebecilik) olarak üç temel alana ayrıldığı görülmektedir. Bu nedenle finansal hilelerin önlenmesi ve tespitinde; dava destek danışmanlığı, hile denetçiliği (araştırmacı muhasebecilik) ve bilirkişilik dahil birçok hizmeti kapsayan bir meslek olan adli muhasebeden yararlanılmaktadır. Adli muhasebenin odak noktası, hile ve usulsüzlük gibi finansal suçları ortaya çıkarmaktır. Adli muhasebecinin geleneksel muhasebeciden farklı bir beceri setine ve etik değerlere sahip olması nedeniyle İslami finans kuruluşlarında istihdamı giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, adli muhasebe uygulamalarının İslami banka ve finans faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan hile ve usulsüzlük gibi finansal suçların denetiminde İslami adli muhasebe sürecine yönelik teorik bir çerçeve oluşturmaktır.
ORTA ASYA'DAN ANADOLU'YA GÜNEŞ SEMBOLİZMİ: MEZAR TAŞLARI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: BOZDEMİR Oğuz
Published: February 2024

Orta Asya ve Anadolu'da bulunan Türk mezar taşları, uzun bir geçmişe sahip ortak kültürel mirasın önemli bir parçası olan ve sembolik önem taşıyan tarihi eserlerdir. Bu yapılar, Türk kültürünün ve sanatının önemli bir unsurunu oluştururlar ve çeşitli anlamlara sahiptirler. Türk kültürüne ait sembollerle bezenen mezar taşları, toplumda saygın bir yere sahip olan kişileri temsil etmek amacıyla özenle tasarlanmış ve detaylandırılmış yapılardır. Geleneksel Türk Mezar yapılarında kullanılan sembollerden biri olan Güneş, eski Türk toplumlarının yaşam tarzı ve gelenekleri hakkında önemli bilgiler verir ve bu bölgelerin kültürlerine ilişkin değerli ipuçları sunar. Orta Asya Kurganlarındaki semboller, toplumun tarihsel geçmişi hakkında zengin içeriklere sahiptir. Aynı zamanda, Anadolu’da bazı mezar yapılarında görülen simgelerle aralarında sanatsal, tarihsel ve kültürel yönden benzerlikler bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Orta Asya ve Anadolu'daki mezar yapılarında bulunan güneş sembollerinin incelenmesi yoluyla, bu iki bölge arasındaki kültürel etkileşimi ortaya koymaktadır.
“DÖNÜŞEN” VE “ÖTEKİLEŞTİREN” MUHAFAZAKARLIK: NEOMUHAFAZAKARLIK
Authors: PİR Nuran
Published: February 2024

Klasik muhafazakarlığın radikal bir formu olarak kabul edilen neomuhafazakarlık, beslendiği kaynaklar ve milliyetçilik akımının etkisiyle klasik muhafazakarlıktan oldukça farklılaşmıştır. 20. yy.’ın son çeyreği ile siyasal zeminde ciddi bir karşılık bulan, çok kültürlülüğü bir tehdit unsuru olarak kabul eden, bireye kendi seçimlerini özgürce yapma şansı tanıyan tüm özgürlükçü akımlara düşman olan neomuhafazakarlık, ulusal kimliğe tehdit olarak gelişmemiş ülkelerden gelen, farklı etnik veya dinsel kimliklere sahip göçmenler ile doğal toplum düzeni ve aile değerlerini bozan, ana akım yaşam tarzları dışında hayat süren kişileri, grupları ve radikal fikirleri reddeden, onları “ötekileştiren”, dışlayan bir anlayış geliştirmiştir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada neomuhafazakarlık, “dönüşen” ve “ötekileştiren” muhafazakarlık anlayışı olarak ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı kendinden olanı yani “bizi” korumak ve muhafaza etmek amacıyla hareket eden neomuhafazakarlığın, klasik muhafazakarlıktan ne denli koptuğunu ve bir “ötekileştirme” aracı haline nasıl geldiğini ortaya koymaktır.
TRIBAL PERCEPTION SCALE: A SCALE DEVELOPMENT STUDY
Authors: KORKMAZ Engin
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to shed light on how students at Hakkari University see the political and social components of the concept of tribe, which is considered a way of life in Turkey. Before conducting group interviews with associate, undergraduate, and graduate students at the targeted university who were at least 18 years old to build the research's question pool, the researcher conducted a comprehensive literature study. Using the information obtained from the group interview and literature review, a five-way Likert survey containing questions about the notion of tribe will be administered to Hakkari University students for the 2022–2023 academic year. Using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) tool, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed on 231 survey responses. In addition, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted on the data acquired from 174 participants using the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) program. As a result of the analyses, the Tribal Perception Scale (after this named TPS) with 15 items and two sub dimension was developed. The internal reliability coefficient (Cronbach Alpha) of this scale was discovered to be 0.85 as a result of an examination of its reliability. The social and political perception subdimensions of the scale were found to be 0.88 and 0.76, respectively, and this scale was found to account for 51.671% of the total variance. This result led to the conclusion that TPS is a highly valid and trustworthy instrument for data gathering.
Mediterranean Early Iron Age chronology: assessing radiocarbon dates from a stratified Geometric period deposit at Zagora (Andros), Greece
Authors: Alagich Rudolph , Becerra-Valdivia Lorena , Miller Margaret C. , Trantalidou Katerina , Smith Colin
Published: February 2024

In this article, the authors present an analysis of radiocarbon dates from a stratified deposit at the Greek Geometric period settlement of Zagora on the island of Andros, which are among the few absolute dates measured from the period in Greece. The dates assigned to Greek Geometric ceramics are based on historical and literary evidence and are found to contradict absolute dates from the central Mediterranean which suggest that the traditional dates are too young. The results indicate the final period at Zagora, the Late Geometric, should be seen as starting at least a century earlier than the traditional date of 760 BC.
Conservation of unmanaged pan-European forest landscapes as a priority natural heritage for epiphytic lichens at different ecological and biogeographical scales - A review
Authors: Vicol Ioana , Sahlean Tiberiu Constantin
Published: February 2024

The European forestry landscape represents an important priority for biodiversity and needs adequate management strategies. The main focus of this review is the importance of European forest areas for epiphytic lichen richness under the impact of different management practices assessed in the biogeographical and ecological regions of Europe. In total, 88 scientific articles were reviewed (based on the first author’s archive and by query in Web of Science), which examined epiphytic lichen richness within managed and unmanaged European forests. Biogeographical and ecological regions of Europe were not taken into account in the reviewed articles, but we used them for statistical analyses in the present work according to the geographical position of the investigated sites published in the reviewed articles. We also analysed the dissimilarities in epiphytic lichen richness among European biogeographical and ecological regions. Additionally, we analysed the impact of different silvicultural management practices (within assessed forests) on epiphytic lichen richness across the different biogeographical and ecological regions of Europe. The main results indicate that epiphytic lichen richness is significantly different across the biogeographical and ecological regions of Europe. Epiphytic lichen richness is significantly greater in Western European broadleaf forests in the Carpathian and Caledonian mountain areas and significantly lower in the Central European mixed forests and East European forest steppe. Management practices applied within studied forests had a negative impact on epiphytic lichen richness, while epiphytic lichen richness was higher within unmanaged forests. The main conclusion is that forests within highland areas of Europe that are not subjected to anthropogenic activities or management practices harbour greater epiphytic lichen richness and therefore should be conserved and protected due to their biological and ecological importance.
Height estimation of pine (Pinus eldarica) single trees using slope corrected shadow length on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery in a plantation forest
Authors: Hosingholizade Ali , Erfanifard Yousef , Alavipanah Seyed Kazem , Latifi Hooman , Jouybari-Moghaddam Yaser
Published: February 2024

Tree height is one of the key parameters in forest plantations that plays a crucial role in estimation of above-ground biomass (AGB) of trees and stands. The parameter may be obtained by different methods from airborne remotely sensed datasets such shadow length of each tree individual or crown height models (CHMs). However, tree height estimation based on shadow length might be biased considering diverse topography of forest sites. Therefore, this study aims to develop a reliable method to estimate tree height in a plantation forest using shadow length on UAV imagery. First, heights of 151 pine (Pinus eldarica) trees were precisely measured in Pardisan Park, North Khorasan province, Iran. Additionally, a collection of images was captured by a Phantom 4Pro UAV in order to illustrate the study area. Then, two different approaches were considered to estimate the height of trees. In the first approach, tree heights were estimated based on shadow length on the UAV orthomosaic and correcting the effect of slope. The second approach considered the UAV-based CHM and height estimation using CHM segmentation and local maximum filtering. The results showed that tree heights estimated by the first approach were not significantly different from the insitu data (p=0.298). Furthermore, the heights estimated by the slope corrected shadow length showed higher precision compared to the heights estimated by the shadow length without slope correction (Relative root mean squared error, RRMSE 5.6% and 8.2% respectively). However, the heights obtained from the first approach were less precise than the second approach (RRMSE 5.6% and 4.2% respectively). In general, it was concluded that height estimation of pine trees based on shadow length after correction of slope effects can be considered as a reliable approach, although CHM is more efficient in estimating the tree heights. The findings of this study are applicable for height estimation of pine trees within plantation forests on UAV imagery.
Features of Pedagogical Modeling of the Educational Process in the System of Additional Professional Education of Medical Workers
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Аndrienko Elena Vasilyevna , Sidorova Julia Khalilovna ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Starukhina Natalia B. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: February 2024

The modern system of additional professional education offers new principles and approaches to organising the pedagogical process. In this regard, the issue of choosing the most appropriate technologies and tools for organising training and building an effective model of the educational process in the system of additional professional education of medical workers is relevant. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of pedagogical modeling of the educational process in the system of additional professional education of medical workers. Research methodology and methods. The article discusses theoretical and conceptual modeling ideas presented in domestic and foreign literature. The study was conducted on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Novosibirsk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of Russia in the Centre for Distance Educational Technologies of the Department of Postgraduate Education. Research Results. During the study, it was revealed that pedagogical modeling of the educational process in the system of additional professional education of medical specialists has its own characteristics. Conclusion. When modeling the educational process in the system of additional professional education, the current requirements and needs of medical specialists must be taken into account, which makes it possible to adapt the content and methodology of training to specific professional tasks. Besides, it is important to consider the practice-focused nature of medical education: internships, training practical skills on simulators, active use of digital educational technologies, the possibility of individualising training so that all students could develop their professional skills according to their needs. The system is for assessing academic performance and monitoring student satisfaction with training, which allows to adjust the educational process and ensure high quality education is an important part of pedagogical modeling.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ВИХОВНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ КІНОМИСТЕЦТВА В ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ СФЕРИ
Authors: АНДРЕЄВА Марія
Published: February 2024

Підґрунтям для аналізу можливостей використання кіномистецтва в організації виховної роботи з майбутніми фахівцями соціальної сфери стануть: аналіз педагогічної, психологічної, соціально-педагогічної і філософської літератури, визначення ключових понять досліджуваного феномена; закони, постулати, принципи загальнофілософського значення, загальнонаукові та конкретно наукові методологічні підходи до дослідження; правила логічного висновку – закономірності досліджуваного явища; понятійно-категоріальний апарат дослідження; принципи, на основі яких будується авторська педагогічна концепція.
Perceptions of Older Immigrants About Health Care in the Host Countries: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ilgaz Aysegul
Published: February 2024

Older immigrants may have different needs regarding health and care services compared to other age groups. There are suggestions for adapting health services to the elderly and even immigrant elderly in order to provide equal service to everyone. There are studies indicating that with advancing age chronic diseases increase and functional capacity decreases, resulting in poorer physical and psychosocial health in immigrant elderly than in the general elderly population. It is stated that immigrants’ use of health services is lower than that of general population. Cultural and social factors influence health behaviors, opportunities, wishes and barriers for patients to access and use health and care services. Studies stated that elderly immigrants not knowing how to apply for health services, having language problems and being ineffective in communication with healthcare professionals, and experiencing lack of/insufficient social, community and family support, are lead to isolation and inadequate use of health services. In the narrative review, it is aimed to explore the existing research which was conducted on the experiences and perspectives of older immigrants, formal and informal caregivers and healthcare workers regarding health and care services and as well as interventions for better adaptation of health and care services among older immigrants.
Abangares, Guanacaste. mining production as an example of industrial archeology in Costa Rica
Authors: Peytrequin Gomez Jeffrey , Aguilar Bonilla Monica
Published: February 2024

This article focuses on the investigative potential of the contexts associated with a case of gold extraction developed in Costa Rica by a transnational during the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The intensity with which the ore was extracted from the Abangares mountain range, as well as the state-of-the-art technology at the time, which is present in a large part of the mines called Tres Amigos and Tres Hermanos (La Sierra district); makes this place an optimal space for the development of anthropological, archaeological and historical research. However, to start we will focus on the evidence found on the property of the Ecomuseo de Las Minas de Abangares, an instance directed by the local government (municipality). Several of the material remnants of this mining production are found "in situ" and with part of them the Ecomuseum of Las Minas de Abangares was created, which has a declaration of "Historic Architectural Monument" according to Law 7555 of Costa Rica. The foregoing constitutes one of the first declarations of an asset as industrial architectural heritage in the country (declared in 2001) and that offers possibilities for future research, conservation and dissemination in Costa Rica of these contexts.
The baryon distribution function in the expanding universe after the recombination era
Authors: Fahr Hans
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we derive a specific kinetic transport equation which as a partial differential equation describes the distribution function of cosmic H-gas (i.e. hydrogen atoms). We can infact solve this transport equation and find the gas distribution function as function f(v,t) of the particle velocity v and of the cosmic time t, with the surprising result that the effective temperature of these cosmic particles is not decreasing, but increasing with cosmic time. At the end of the cosmic recombination era, about 400000 years after the Big-Bang, electrons and protons are thought to recombine to neutral cosmic H-atoms. The question poses itself, what happens to this hydrogen (baryon) gas in thermodynamic terms, when it is exposed to the cosmic expansion dynamics of a Robertson-Walker Hubble universe. The result presented here is explained as due to the Hubble-induced velocity drift of the particles in velocity space.
Corso, esclavitud y resistencia: Afroespañoles del Gran Caribe en la Norteamérica colonial
Authors: Peña Beatriz Carolina
Published: February 2024

Con base en periódicos dieciochescos de Nueva York, Boston y Filadelfia, así como fuentes archivísticas de Nueva York, Massachusetts y Rhode Island, este estudio interrelaciona el corso español e inglés en el Gran Caribe y en las costas de Norteamérica con el fenómeno infausto de la esclavización de marineros afrodescendientes e indígenas de territorios españoles en las colonias británicas. Se enfoca en los intentos de huidas grupales como una de las estrategias de los hispanohablantes esclavizados para el logro de la libertad.
Interspecific socio-communicative abilities of the family dog and the family pig from a comparative ethological perspective
Authors:   , Pérez Fraga Paula
Published: February 2024

Various species can engage in socio-communicative interactions with humans, but the factors that promote such behaviours are still under debate. Domestication, socialization, and species-specific predispositions may all play a role. To better understand how human-animal communication is shaped, it is crucial to compare different species kept in similar conditions. The aim of my doctoral project was to compare the human-directed socio-communicative abilities of similarly socialised animals from two domestic species; the dog (Canis familiaris) and the pig (Sus scrofa domesticus). Selective pressures during dogs’ domestication have enhanced dogs’ human-oriented communicative skills, although learning by experience is also important. Pigs are also highly social, as companions they occupy a similar role as the dog, but less is known about their interspecific communicative abilities. In a test battery (i.e. face-orientation test, pointing task, social preference test, unsolvable task, and out-of-reach-reward test) consisting of neutral and food-related contexts, we observed human-oriented behaviours of young dogs and miniature pigs living in human families. We hypothesized that if general domestication and intense human socialization are the primary factors promoting interspecific communication, then both species would exhibit similar spontaneous human-oriented behaviours overall. Contrarily, if species-specific predispositions are the key factor for the emergence of such behaviours, then pigs and dogs would display clear differences in their human-oriented communicative attempts. We found that both species oriented similarly much to a human face in a begging-for-food context, but dogs did so more than pigs in a neutral context. Similarly, only dogs followed human distal dynamic-sustained pointing. Both species preferred their caregiver to a familiar object and when the caregiver was paired with a stranger, pigs stayed away while dogs stayed near both humans. In the unsolvable task, only dogs increased their orientation-alternation between the target and the human compared to a baseline, although during the baseline there was no species difference. In the out-of-reach reward test, dogs alternated their orientation between the target and the human more than pigs. Overall, dogs and pigs exhibited some similar human-oriented behaviours, indicating that these are not unique to dogs. This finding also highlights the suitability of the family pig as a model species for comparative ethological research. However, we found clear differences in the emergence of specific communicative and social behaviours, suggesting that species-specific predispositions may be decisive for dogs’ success in initiating interspecific interactions.
Rapidly determine venetoclax in plasma sample using an LC-MS/MS method and apply it in TDM for acute leukemia children patient
Authors: Zhang Yanni , Sun Ning , Mei Dong , Yu Feng
Published: February 2024

Venetoclax is the first oral Bcl-2 inhibitor with high affinity targeting tumor cell apoptosis mechanism. In this study we developed a simple, sensitive and reliable LC–MS/MS method to determine venetoclax in children's hemolytic or lipemic samples. The method utilized an electrospray ion source and operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Venetoclax-d8 was used as an internal standard. Plasma samples were precipitated by acetonitrile containing 10% dimethyl sulfoxide and were separated by a Hypersil GOLD column (2.1 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-2 mM ammonium acetate (30:70, v/v) containing 0.4% formic acid. The quantification for venetoclax and venetoclax-d8 were m/z 868.1 → 636.1, m/z 876.1 → 644.1, respectively. The linear range was 10–2,000 ng mL−1 for venetoclax. The matrix in normal plasma, hemolytic or lipemic plasma had no significant effect on the detection results. The specificity, recovery and stability also met the acceptance criteria of guiding principles for the validation of biological sample quantitative analysis presented in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015). As a result, this method is particularly suitable for determining venetoclax in hemolytic or lipemic samples from children with acute myeloid leukemia. The method, with the application of monitoring drug concentrations in pediatric patients, was successful.
The life they now live: role of missionary hospitals in Sub Saharan Africa
Authors: Elit Laurie , Bardin Rick , Bardin Debbie , Brown Carolyn , Brown Jim , Griffin Jackie , Palmer Denis , Snell Mark , Streatfeild Kaye , Streatfeild Keith , Stone Julie
Published: February 2024

Jesusʾ self confessed mandate was to proclaim good news to the poor and validate this message through miracles like healing. He sent out his followers to do likewise. Mission hospitals are the penultimate example of restoring health in the name of a Saviour who loves them. As a group of healthcare missionaries at Mbingo Hospital, Cameroon, we see the role for mission hospitals/systems for the following reasons: compassionate care, competence, an opportunity to reflect our faith, humility, vision, perseverance, social justice, integrity and accountability. We provide examples for each. Missionary hospitals/ systems in sub-Saharan Africa are a training group for the principles all of us need to mature in during our Christ-centered journey of life.