bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
URBAN CHRONOTOPE – URBAN SEMIOTICS. FLORENCE AND SAINT PETERSBURG
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Burlina E.Ya.
Published: December 2020

In this paper author presents an interdisciplinary interaction betweeen semiotics and chronotopy. The paper refers to the great cities of Renaissance and the Russian cities like Saint Petersburg. As M. M. Bakhtin formulated, "genre is cultural memory". According to the author, the structural and spatiotemporal memory lies in the core not only of artistic works, but of urban structurestoo.As an instruments of structural and semiotic analysis of city, the terms of chronotope and chronotopy were coined. The followers of M. M. Bakhtin, the structuralists and the semeiologists of the Yu. M. Lotman Semiotic School now agree on this point. In 1990s, one of the founders of Russian semiotics, Yu. M. Lotman came to the conclusion that new spatiotemporal modes can crystallize and spiritually develop citizens. This concept formed the basis of the first part of the paper. The second part considers practical opportunities of semiotics and urban chronotopy in dialogue with students during classes on such humanities subjects as philosophy, global art culture, aestetics e.t.c. According to the author, urban chronotope and urban semiotics are different and complementary instruments of scientific comprehension and development of cities.
ETHNOCRANIOLOGICAL INDICATORS IN CONTEXT WITH THE ANCIENT TURKIC LANGUAGE ANDTENGRIANISM ON THE ANCIENT ANCESTRAL KAZAKH LAND
Authors:   South Kazakhstan State University named after M. Auezov KN MES RK, Ismagulov O. , Ismagulova A.O.
Published: December 2020

The article is the first time of considering of the general ethnocraniological indicators in the context of the ancient Turkic language and Tengrianism in Kazakhstan. Correlation of data from different scientific areas in reality, each in its own way and taken together, reveal in the broadest aspects the depth and integrity of the ethno-historical sources of the formation and development of the Kazakh people. This long and thorny path of development of the Kazakh people and their ancestors was about forty centuries. At the same time, the formation of the main part of local tribes largely concerned the territory of Kazakhstan under consideration, where the physical appearance, ethno-cultural community and ideological basis of the Kazakh people were continuously formed on the basis of ancient autochthonous inhabi-tants with the participation of alien populations from the more eastern regions of Central Asia.
Implementasi Kebijakan Pembinaan UMKM di Kabupaten Subang
Authors: Kusnadi Iwan Henri , Natika Luki , Alsonia Dyera Octa
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penulis melakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Implementasi Kebijakan Dalam Pembinaan UMKM Pada Dinas Koperasi, UMKM, Perdagangan, dan Perindustrian Kabupaten Subang. Penelitian dan penulisan ini membahas hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan Impelementasi Kebijakan dalam Pembinaan UMKM Pada Dinas Koperasi, UMKM, Perdagangan, dan Perindustrian dengan teori Merilee S. Grindle yaitu Isi kebijakan terdiri dari Kepentingan kelompok sasaran, Tipe Manfaat, Derajat Perubahan yang diinginkan, Letak pengambilan keputusan, pelaksanaan program, sumberdaya yang dilibatkan. Lingkungan Impelementasi terdiri dari Kekuasaan, kepentinganm dan strategi aktor yang terlibat, karakteristik Lembaga dan penguasaan. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui pengamatan dan observasi, wawancara, studi keperpustakaan dan dokumentasi, sumber data diperoleh dari informan melalui pengamatan dan wawancara secara langsung dan dokumen diperoleh dalam bentuk hasil wawancara dan pengolahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Impelementasi kebijakan Dalam Pembinaan UMKM Pada Dinas Koperasi, UMKM, Perdagangan, dan Perindustrian Kabupaten subang sudah efektif pada Tipe manfaat, Derajat perubahan yang diinginkan, Letak pengambilan keputusan, Pelaksanaan program, Sumberdaya yang dilibatkan, Karakteristik Lembaga dan penguasan, kepatuhan dan daya tangkap, sedangkan pada kepentingan kelompok sasaran, kekuasaan, kepentingan, dan strategi aktor yang terlibat, belum efektif.

 

The purpose of the authors of this research is to determine the implementation of policies in the development of UMKM at the Cooperatives, UMKM, Trade, and Industry Office of Subang Regency. This research and writing discusses matters related to the implementation of policies in the development of UMKM at the Cooperatives, UMKM, Trade and Industry offices with the Merilee S. decision making, program implementation, the resources involved. The implementation environment consists of the power, interests and strategies of the actors involved, the characteristics of the institution and the power. In this study, using a qualitative approach through observation and observation, interviews, library research and documentation, data sources were obtained from informants through direct observation and interviews and documents were obtained in the form of interviews and data processing. The results showed that the implementation of policies in the development of UMKM at the Office of Cooperatives, UMKM, Trade, and Industry of Subang Regency was effective on the type of benefit, the degree of change desired, the location of decision making, program implementation, the resources involved, the characteristics of the institution and the mastery, compliance and capturing power, while in the interests of the target group, the power, interests and strategies of the actors involved, it is not yet effective.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah Pada Bank BTPN Cabang Subang
Authors: Subagja Agus Dedi , Taharuddin Taharuddin
Published: December 2020

Era perdagangan bebas dewasa ini, perusahaan dituntut dalam menentukan dan membangun sistem manajemen yang mampu secara professional merentesi data para nasabah. Dua hal yang menjadi pertimbangan utama perusahaan dalam meretesi nasabah para nasabah yaitu: Pertama karena semakin mahalnya biaya perolehan nasabah baru dalam iklim kompetensi yang sedemikian ketat. Kedua adanya kenyataan bahwa tingkat kemampulabaan perusahaan berbanding lurus dengan pertumbuhan hubungan antara perusahaan dan nasabah secara permanen.

 

At this era of free trade, the company is required to determine and establish a management system that is capable of data merentesi professional customers. Two things into consideration in the company's main customer meretesi customers are: Firstly because of the increasingly high cost of acquisition of new customers in a climate of competence so tight. Both the fact that the level of profitability the company is directly proportional to the growth of the relationship between companies and customers permanently.
Kualitas Pelayanan Obat BPJS di Apotek Rawat Jalan RSUD Kelas B Kabupaten Subang
Authors: Bastaman Komir , Pathony Tony
Published: December 2020

Penelitian dan penulisan ini membahas hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan Kualitas Pelayanan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kelas B kabupaten Subang dalam Pelayanan Obat di Apotek Rawat jalan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kelas B kabupaten Subang dalam hubungannya dengan teori menurut Fitzsimmons yaitu sumberdaya, ketepatan,kecepatan, jaminan dan   empati.  Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui pengamatan dan observasi, wawancara, studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi. Sumber data diperoleh dari informan melalui pengamatan dan wawancara secara langsung dan dokumen diperoleh dalam bentuk peraturan-peraturan dan pengolahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berwujud, kehandalan, daya tanggap, jaminan dan empati belum terlaksana secara optimal. Kualitas Pelayanan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kelas B kabupaten Subang dalam Pelayanan Obat di Apotek Rawat jalan RSUD Kelas B Kabupaten Subang belum berjalan berkulitas. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari masih lambatnya kesigapan tenaga Apoteker dalam menangani pasien sehingga pasien yang harus segera mendapatkan pertolongan dibiarkan menunggu.

 

This research and writing discusses matters relating to the Quality of Services in the Class B District Subang District General Hospital in Drug Services at the Outpatient Pharmacy Class B Subang District Regional Hospital in relation to the theory according to Fitzsimmons namely tangible, realibility, responsipness, asurance and empathy. In this study using a qualitative approach through observation and observation, interviews, literature studies and documentation. Sources of data obtained from informants through direct observation and interviews and documents obtained in the form of regulations and data processing. The results showed that tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy had not been carried out optimally. Service Quality of Subang Regency Class B Regional General Hospital in Drug Services in the Outpatient Pharmacy Class B Subang District Hospital has not yet progressed. This can be seen from the slow alertness of Pharmacists in handling patients so that patients who must immediately get help are left to wait.
EFEKTIVITAS TEMPAT PELELANGAN IKAN (TPI) TERUNGTUM PADA DINAS PERIKANAN KABUPATEN SUBANG (STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN PUSAKANAGARA)
Authors: Natika Luki , Nuraida Nuraida
Published: December 2020

Efektivitas Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Efektivitas kegiatan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI di Kecamatan Pusakanagara Kabupaten Subang.Lokasi yang di adikan obyek penelitian yaitu Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) di Kecamatan Blanakan Kabupaten Subang. Penelitian ini membahas tentang hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan Efektivitas kegiatan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) dalam menalankan kegiatan untuk meningkatkan keseahteraan para nelayan.Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui observasi dan wawancara, studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi. Metode pengumpulan data diperoleh langsung dan dokumen di peroleh dalam bentuk peraturan-peraturan, sedangkan pengolahan data dengan menganalisis hasil wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunukkan bahwa Efektivitas kegiatan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) DI Kecamatan Pusakanagaran Kabupaten Subang belum efektif sesuai dengan teori pengukuran  Efektivitas menurut Duncan yang dikutif Richard M. Stree. Hal ini diakibatkan masih terdspst nelayan yang menual hasil tangkapannya di luar Tempst Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) dan adnya kendala dalam pembayaran secara tunai kepada nelayan, seharusnya dibayar dengan tunai tapi nelayan baru mendapatkan uang dalam waktu 2 samapi 3 hari

 

Effectiveness of the of fish auction places ( TPI) aims to find out how effective the of (TPI) fish auction sites is in Pusakanagara Subang Distric Subang Regency. The location used as the obect of research is the (TPI) fish auction place in the district of Pusakanagara, Subang Regency. This study discusses matters relating the effectiveness of TPI  fish auction place in carrying out to inprove the welfare of the fishermen. In this study the authours used a qualitative descriptive research method through observation and interviews, literature study and documentation, data colletion methods are obtained directly and documents are obtained in the form of regulations while processing data by analyzing the results of interviews and observations. The results showed that the effectiveness pf TPI fish auction place in the district of Pusakanagara Subang Regency was not yet effective in accordance with the theory of effectiveness measurement according to duncab cited bby Richard m. strees. This is proven by the fact that there are still fishermen who sell their catch outside the TPI fich auction place as well as the lack of facilities and infrastructure in the TPI fish auction place and there are obstacles in paying cash to fishermen, should be paid in cash but fishermen only get money within 2 up 3 days.
Kinerja Bidang Izin Mendirikan Bangunan di Kantor Kecamatan Subang Kabupaten Subang
Authors: Natika Luki , Nuraida Nuraida
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini membahas hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan Kinerja Bidang Ijin Mendirikan Bangunan di Kecamatan Subang Kabupaten Subang dalam hubungannya dengan teori menurut Dwiyato yaitu Produktivitas, Kualitas Layanan, Responsitas, Responbilitas, dan Akuntabilitas. Dalam Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, melalui observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Sumber data diperoleh dari informan dan melalui wawancara dan dokumen diperoleh dalam bentuk peraturan-peraturan dan pengolahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Kinerja Bidang Ijin Mendirikan Bangunan di Kecamatan Subang Kabupaten Subang Belum Optimal diantaranya Produktivitas, Kualitas Layanan, Responsitas, dan Responbilitas. Hal tersebut perlu diperhatikan agar Produktivitas, Kualitas Layanan, Responsitas, dan Responbilitas Optimal.

 

This study discusses matters relating to the Performance of Building Permit in Subang Regency in relation to the theory according to Dwiyato namely Productivity, Service Quality, Responsibility, Responsibility, and Accountability.In this study using descriptive qualitative research methods, through observation, interviews and documentation studies. Sources of data obtained from informants and through interviews and documents obtained in the form of regulations and data processing .The results showed that the Performance of  Building Permit in Subang Sub-District, Subang District Not Optimal, including Productivity, Service Quality, Responsibility, and Responsibility. This needs to be considered so that Productivity, Service Quality, Responsibility, and Optimal Responsibility.
KÜLTÜRDEN BİLGİYE DİLİN TEZAHÜRÜ -Necati Öner Fikriyatından Hareketle Çözümleme Denemesi-
Authors: KALA Muhammed Enes
Published: December 2020

İnsan yaşayan bir canlı olarak hayvanlarla çok ciddi ortak yönlere sahiptir. Bununla birlikte o, kendisini hayvanlardan ayıran oldukça önemli bir özelliğe sahiptir. İnsan, kültürü var eden canlıdır. Kültürü var eden canlı olarak insan, bu yönüyle hayvanlardan hem mahiyet hem de derece itibarıyla farklılaşmış olur. Kültür, insana verilen doğanın insan eliyle yeniden üretilmesi ve bu doğaya yeni unsurların eklenmesini muhtevi kılan fikri, kitabi, mimari, kavli vs. tüm yönleri kapsar. Kültürün yapı taşı bilgidir. Bilgi ise sadece bilimsel bilgi olarak anlaşılmamalıdır. Kuşkusuz bilimsel bilgi de bir tür bilgidir. O halde kültürü, insanın elde ettiği tüm bilgi türleri birlikte inşa eder. Bilginin yapıtaşı ise kendisini dilde bulur. Dil içerisinde karşılık bulacak, kelime ve kavramlar bilginin yapıtaşıdır. Kelime, kavram ve mantık ilişkisi kendisini dil küresinde bulur ve birlikte bilgilerin oluşması imkanını var kılarlar. O halde, dilin niteliği doğrudan kültürün niteliğini, kültürün niteliği ise insanın hayatının niteliğini belirleyecektir. Güçlü dil, güçlü insanların imkanını oluşturacaktır. Çalışmada, bu düşünce zemininde kültür, bilgi ve dil ilişkisi Necati Öner’in fikriyatından da beslenilerek tartışılacaktır.
General Economy: New Approach to Demand and Supply Analysis
Authors: Sorokin Alexandr
Published: December 2020

Demand and supply — categories with a rich history, introduced into scientific circulation 250 years ago, comprehensively investigated from the positions of quantitative analysis. But it turns out that the glossaries of microeconomic textbooks do not give either the definition of demand (there is a reference — see the demand curve) or the units of demand measurement (there are no units of measurement between the price and quantity) and, accordingly, supply
that restricts their practical application. The model of the general economy — the synthesis of the “Capital” of Marx, micro- and macroeconomics — allows us to supplement the quantitative analysis of all market categories with qualitative analysis and, in particular, to define demand and supply through two factors of the commodity–use value and cost. The definition of categories and units of their measurement makes it possible to expand the field of application of theory (the demand for a set of goods and the supply of a set of goods) and formulate an algorithm for their use in business practice.
Neoshumpeterian’s Testing of “Creative” Competition Factors: Implications for Russia
Authors: Taranukha Yuriy
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the current position of the schumpeterian competition. Interpreting schumpeterian competition as a struggle of entrepreneurial ideas, the author shows how the results of checking and developing Schumpeter’s ideas in contemporary neoSchumpeterian
literature. Focusing on the conditions that determine the innovative nature of competition, the author outlines the main features of the Russian economy, which prevent its transition to an innovative competition.
Role of the Gini Coefficient for Cost-Benefit Analysis of Public-Private Partnerships in Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Gorbacheva Natalia
Published: December 2020

The interaction of the state and business in industrial sphere is growing up with a rebirth of role of manufacturing in the first-quarter of XXI century. This broadens the economic content of public-private partnerships and involves in their activities the growing number of different partners, i.e. research institutes, scientific centres, technological consortia, universities, nongovernment organizations, etc. Such multipartnerships for their evaluation need a new strategy, aimed at reaching not only efficiency, but also fair distribution of outcomes of joint activities. The Gini coefficient is conventional applied in statistics for measuring inequality in society, but in this article this coefficient has been used for defining the degree of equal distribution of benefits and costs between members of the partnership. For this purpose there has been elaborated an integrated financial model, which displays the interaction of cash flows of project and particular participants in the framework of benefit-cost analysis of PPP. The essence of such an approach is illustrated by the abstract case, which is not bearing the complexities of actual projects, and firstly, demonstrates the interaction of benefits and costs between the partners at two levels, i.e. financial and economic ones, secondly, unites the basic stages of project efficiency evaluation and the calculation of the modified Gini
coefficient. Analytical capabilities of such an approach have been examined by the concrete case of nanoceremic manufacturing in Novosibirsk as this enterprise has obtained the effective and rather well-balanced mechanism of partnership. Gini coefficient can serve as the indicator of achieving well-balanced partnership in the successfully, in economic point of view, projects, when a number of members is more than two.
Concept and Principles of Social Banking
Authors: Chichulenkov Denis
Published: December 2020

Conventional banking, focused on profit maximizing, shows its inefficiency. The urgent search for alternative models of banking is needed. One of them is a model of social banks. However, the framework of their business practice and principles remain poorly understood. This paper aims at determining the nature of social banking, its distinguishing features and the level of financial sustainability. Inductive and deductive methods of analysis and synthesis, systematic approach, comparison are used. Academic literature review covers the evolution of ideas about social banking. The paper contains the social bank’s definition as a special type of commercial bank aimed at maximizing its positive contribution to the development of society through the provision of mainly traditional banking services and based on the principles of sustainable development, transparency and cooperation. The empirical results confirm a high level of financial stability of social banks. The article states the hypothesis about the key role of shareholders’ and managers’ motivation to create a social bank. Further research requires the development of measurement tools to evaluate social banking.
Factors Building Customers Loyalty to Russian Commercial Banks
Authors: Vasilyeva Svetlana
Published: December 2020

The article considers factors of customer loyalty to Russian commercial banks. The research conducted by the author shows that interest rates on deposits, bank reliability and orientation towards raising funds from individuals are the main factors determining the choice of a bank. The article presents a comparative analysis of the significance of these factors for March 2012 and September 2017. In March 2012, an increase in deposits rates had a positive influence on a bank market share; in September 2017, the influence was negative. Trend reversal is due to the Bank of Russia policy of banking sector cleaning that started in 2013 and implied revocation of bank licenses, bank sanitations, and control over interest rates on deposits set by banks. The higher level of bank reliability and client orientation have a positive effect on the bank’s share in both periods.
Perspectiva del mercado mundial del cuero
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Americana, Arias Francisco , Valencia Alejandro ,   Corporación Universitaria Americana, Garcés Luis Fernando ,   Corporación Universitaria Americana, Arboleda Carlos ,   Corporación Universitaria Americana, Sepulveda Jovany ,   Corporación Universitaria Americana
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo surge como la necesidad de conocer las perspectivas del mercado mundial del cuero, con el propósito de generar un insumo de conocimiento para el sector sobre el cual hay escasez de literatura que pueda soportar desde el punto de vista académico, los diferentes análisis de mercado del sector. Para la obtención de información se recurrió a una exploración en profundidad de bases de datos tales como trademap, macmap, statista, comtrade, euromonitor, abrahams y banco mundial. Se concluye que el mercado del cuero aún tiene margen para crecer en volumen hacia el sudeste asiático y en precio en América del Norte, Países de Europa oriental y Algunos países de Sudamérica.
Recurrent Neutrino Emission from Supermassive Black Hole Mergers
Authors: de Bruijn Oliver , Bartos Imre , Biermann Peter L. , Tjus J. Becker
Published: December 2020

The recent detection of possible neutrino emission from the blazar TXS 0506+056 was the first high-energy neutrino associated with an astrophysical source, making this special type of active galaxies a promising neutrino emitter. The fact that two distinct episodes of neutrino emission were detected with a separation of around 3 yr raises the possibility that emission could be periodic. Periodic emission is expected from supermassive binary black hole systems due to jet precession close to the binary’s merger. Here, we show that, if TXS 0506+056 is a binary source, then the next neutrino flare could already have occurred, possibly still hidden in IceCube’s not-yet-analyzed data. We derive the binary properties that would lead to the detection of gravitational waves from this system by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) over the next decade. Our results for the first time quantify the timescale of these correlations for the example of TXS 0506+056, connecting the possible neutrino and gravitational-wave signatures of such sources.
Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulent Evolution of a Magnetic Cloud in the Outer Heliosphere
Authors: Telloni Daniele , Zhao Lingling , Zank Gary P. , Liang Haoming , Nakanotani Masaru , Adhikari Laxman , Carbone Francesco , D’Amicis Raffaella , Perrone Denise , Bruno Roberto , Dasso Sergio
Published: December 2020

This Letter exploits joint observations of the same interplanetary coronal mass ejection by widely separated spacecraft to study, for the first time, the turbulent evolution of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) properties of the embedded magnetic cloud, during its propagation throughout interplanetary space. Specifically, the event was observed by Wind at 1 au on 1998 March 4–6 and tracked to the location of Ulysses at 5.4 au 18 days later, when the two spacecraft were radially aligned with the Sun. The analysis of the MHD invariants within the magnetic cloud, along with its energy budget, provides compelling evidence of magnetic erosion of the structure thanks to its interaction with a trailing magnetic cloud. The helical configuration is thus largely deformed and degraded, and the initial dominance of magnetic over kinetic energy is observed to evolve toward a less imbalanced condition. This is consistent with the expected conversion of magnetic energy into kinetic energy due to magnetic reconnection processes. Local interaction of the magnetic cloud’s (MC) outer layers with the solar wind acts to generate larger amplitude Alfvénic fluctuations in the downstream region, leading the MC to turbulently evolve toward a more complex cross-helicity configuration in the outer heliosphere. Finally, evidence of a flux rope locally generated by magnetic reconnection events at 1 au that likely decays by the time it reaches Ulysses is also reported.
Intelligence artificielle : l’hubris de contrôle des trans-humanistes en échec face à la boîte noire
Authors: Kleinpeter Édouard
Published: December 2020

Dans l’idéologie transhumaniste, l’intelligence artificielle (IA) occupe une place centrale, à la fois pour son potentiel augmentatif en l’interfaçant avec le cerveau biologique (pensée hybride) et dans une perspective d’autonomisation d’êtres artificiels qui deviendraient « plus intelligents que nous » (singularité technologique). Or, l’approche connexionniste de l’IA, qui domine aujourd’hui le paysage avec la technologie des réseaux de neurones à convolution, repose sur des systèmes qui interdisent en principe la possibilité de retracer la chaîne causale ayant mené à leur prise de décision, faisant d’eux de véritables boîtes noires. On s’interroge ici sur la contradiction entre le développement de telles IA d’une part et la volonté de contrôle, consubstantielle au transhumanisme, d’autre part.
L’humain augmenté : l’enfant que tu n’auras pas été
Authors: Renucci Franck
Published: December 2020

« L’enfant que tu n’auras pas été » est celui pour qui la détresse d’origine ne fut pas partagée dans un premier temps par un proche mais par un algorithme : le « cri » devient alors un « langage cri ». L’enfant avant le langage (l’infans) pousse un cri qui est transformé par cet algorithme en données interprétables. Le cri qui devient signal n’est plus un appel. Nous verrons en quoi l’humain sera ainsi augmenté d’un « langage cri » qui réduit la fonction subjective. « Le langage cri » exprime un désir illusoire de combler l’inachèvement de l’humain en le saturant de données. Or l’inachèvement est constitutif de notre condition comme le montre Dany-Robert Dufour. L’être néoténique reçoit dès son origine l’incidence de l’autre dont la réponse le structure en tant que sujet. Comme le souligne François Ansermet l’incidence des technologies se joue sur d’autres registres car les logiques temporelles des algorithmes de la médecine prédictive ne s’inscrivent pas naturellement dans celles du sujet. Supprimer l’incidence de l’autre en inventant un « langage cri » est une transgression car le sujet naît d’une simultanéité fondatrice avec l’autre. Il n’y a pas de sujet sans réponse de l’autre.
Transhumanisme et posthumanisme : une reformulation 2.0 d'illusions ancestrales
Authors: Lepastier Samuel
Published: December 2020

L’émergence des courants transhumanistes et posthumanistes, illusion contemporaine aux promesses infinies est une réactualisation de fantasmes millénaires, reposant sur un refus de la condition humaine. Cette forme nouvelle de fétichisme écarte la sexualité, s’inscrivant dans la continuité de mouvements religieux anciens. Moins que le refus de la mort, il est question ici d’un refus de la filiation, de l’impuissance infantile et, en fin de compte, du fait que nous sommes tous nés d’un acte de chair.
Intérêt d’une évaluation projective pour la prise en charge psychothérapique d’une adolescente suite à une contre-indication psychiatrique à la greffe rénale
Authors: Roques Marjorie , Venturini Elisa , Peyrat-Apicella Delphine
Published: December 2020

À travers la discussion d’un cas clinique, nous avons cherché à mettre en exergue les incidences psychopathologiques d’une maladie grave chez l’adolescent psychologiquement vulnérable, ainsi que l’importance d’une prise en charge psychique en accord avec la prise en charge somatique, dans la mesure où ils impliquent des choix décisifs pour la vie ultérieure du jeune.
La crise de la Covid-19 changera-t-elle notre façon de faire de l’économie ?
Authors: Ragot Xavier
Published: December 2020

La COVID-19 a provoqué une crise sanitaire et économique sans précédent dans l’histoire récente. Le changement brutal du fonctionnement de l’économie a conduit les économistes à adapter rapidement leurs outils d’analyses et leurs prévisions économiques. Il a fallu d’abord comprendre l’état de l’économie dans un contexte de grande incertitude sur l’évolution épidémiologique ainsi que sur les comportements des ménages et des entreprises. Cette crise singulière conduit à repenser les concepts-clés de l’analyse économique. On identifie quatre nouvelles questions : quel sens donner à l’évolution des prix des services quand la notion même de qualité ne peut être mesurée ? Comment la crise est-elle socialement partagée ? De quelle façon l’économie est-elle financée ? Qu’est-ce qu’un choc d’offre et un choc de demande et quelles sont leurs implications sectorielles ?
Fondamentaux des soins : un cadre et un processus pratique pour répondre aux besoins physiques, psychosociaux et relationnels des personnes soignées
Authors: Rey Sylvie , Savoie Camille , Voyer Philippe , Ahossi Eusèbe Coovi , Bouchard Cordier Suzanne , Dallaire Clémence , Hardy Marie-Soleil , Ducraux Daniel , Ortoleva Bucher Claudia , Cohen Christine
Published: December 2020

Depuis 2008, un regroupement international soutient la promotion d’une meilleure réponse aux besoins fondamentaux des personnes soignées. Ce regroupement propose un cadre sur les fondamentaux des soins. Ce cadre est centré sur la relation entre l’infirmier, la personne soignée et ses proches ainsi que sur la réponse aux besoins physiques, psychosociaux et relationnels. Un processus pratique soutient l’application concrète de ce cadre. Le but de cet article discursif est de présenter la traduction française du cadre des fondamentaux des soins et de son processus pratique. Pour commencer, le processus de traduction sera brièvement expliqué. Ensuite, le cadre sur les fondamentaux des soins et les étapes de son processus pratique seront présentés. Afin de permettre une meilleure appropriation du contenu par le lecteur, une illustration clinique présente la situation de M. Perron, atteint d’une maladie d’Alzheimer, et de sa conjointe, qui est sa proche aidante. Enfin, la discussion aborde l’utilité du cadre des fondamentaux des soins et de son processus pratique au niveau des quatre grands axes de la discipline infirmière, soit la pratique, la gestion, la formation et la recherche. Cet article ouvre la voie au développement de connaissances sur les fondamentaux des soins au niveau de la francophonie.
Analyse des pratiques langagières des infirmiers dans le cadre de consultations avec des patientes atteintes d’un diabète gestationnel
Authors: Fossion Gilles , Faulx Daniel
Published: December 2020

La communication soignant/patient constitue un paramètre essentiel de la qualité des soins, particulièrement dans le contexte de l’Éducation Thérapeutique du Patient (ETP). Dans cette recherche, nous rendons compte et analysons les pratiques langagières d’infirmiers lors de consultations avec des patientes atteintes de diabète gestationnel. Pour ce faire, sur la base des retranscriptions des consultations, nous réalisons une analyse sémantique et pragmatique de l’étude du discours couplée à du text mining . Les résultats montrent que les infirmières mobilisent des pratiques langagières diverses (expressions phatiques, adoucisseurs, métaphores, questions rhétoriques, exemples…). Parmi les résultats, nous pointons que les expressions phatiques et les adoucisseurs sont des procédés langagiers omniprésents dans le discours des soignants, que les mots utilisés par les infirmiers sont pour la plupart relatifs au contrôle, à la permission et à l’obligation, ou encore que la participation du patient à la production de discours est très limitée. Nous pointons plus largement la présence toujours importante du modèle paternaliste dans les consultations médicales, ce qui est étonnant compte tenu des objectifs poursuivis par l’ETP. En conclusion, l’article participe à une compréhension plus fine des pratiques langagières mobilisées par les infirmiers et ouvre une réflexion quant aux possibles perspectives de formations à destination des soignants.
The miR-23a∼27a∼24-2 microRNA Cluster Promotes Inflammatory Polarization of Macrophages
Authors: Boucher Austin , Klopfenstein Nathan , Hallas William Morgan , Skibbe Jennifer , Appert Andrew , Jang Seok Hee , Pulakanti Kirthi , Rao Sridhar , Cowden Dahl Karen D , Dahl Richard
Published: December 2020

Macrophages are critical for regulating inflammatory responses. Environmental signals polarize macrophages to either a proinflammatory (M1) state or an anti-inflammatory (M2) state. We observed that the microRNA (miRNA) cluster mirn23a, coding for miRs-23a, -27a, and -24-2, regulates mouse macrophage polarization. Gene expression analysis of mirn23a-deficient myeloid progenitors revealed a decrease in TLR and IFN signaling. Mirn23a−/− bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs) have an attenuated response to LPS, demonstrating an anti-inflammatory phenotype in mature cells. In vitro, mirn23a−/− BMDMs have decreased M1 responses and an enhanced M2 responses. Overexpression of mirn23a has the opposite effect, enhancing M1 and inhibiting M2 gene expression. Interestingly, expression of mirn23a miRNAs goes down with inflammatory stimulation and up with anti-inflammatory stimulation, suggesting that its regulation prevents locking macrophages into polarized states. M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) correlates with poor outcome for many tumors, so to determine if there was a functional consequence of mirn23a loss modulating immune cell polarization, we assayed syngeneic tumor growth in wild-type and mirn23a−/− mice. Consistent with the increased anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive phenotype in vitro, mirn23a−/− mice inoculated with syngeneic tumor cells had worse outcomes compared with wild-type mice. Coinjecting tumor cells with mirn23a−/− BMDMs into wild-type mice phenocopied tumor growth in mirn23a−/− mice, supporting a critical role for mirn23a miRNAs in macrophage-mediated tumor immunity. Our data demonstrate that mirn23a regulates M1/M2 polarization and suggests that manipulation of mirn23a miRNA can be used to direct macrophage polarization to drive a desired immune response.
Flight Control Design for the Systematic Improvement of Ride Qualities
Authors: Rath Tobias , Fichter Walter
Published: December 2020

The reduction of rotor-induced vibrations has been a major concern in the history of helicopter engineering. This has led to the development of numerous countermeasures, which cause the vibration levels to decrease considerably. Recent findings have shown that the reduced level of rotor vibrations highlights the importance of turbulence for the ride qualities. The rejection of atmospheric disturbances is a key task of the flight control system (FCS). However, the FCS design is currently focused on stability and handling qualities rather than ride qualities. This work addresses this shortcoming by the introduction of a systematic control design procedure. The improvement of ride qualities is achieved by linking an existing discomfort criterion to parameters of the sensitivity function. This allows the systematic modification of these parameters according to their contribution to discomfort. The approach is embedded into a design framework for systematic compliance with stability and handling quality specifications. The procedure is applied to the control design of a light helicopter resulting in considerably improved ride qualities, while compliance with stability and handling quality specifications is maintained. This represents an important step towards a more comprehensive ride quality engineering for rotorcraft that goes beyond the reduction of rotor-induced vibrations.
Factors affecting researcher participation in technology commercialisation: A South African university case study
Authors: Cullen Margaret D.M. , Calitz Andre P. , Chetty Mary-Ann
Published: December 2020

Background: Research universities in South Africa are well-recognised sources of new knowledge and their contributions to innovation are manifested through the creation, transfer and commercialisation of new technologies originating from academic research. Research collaboration between universities, industry and the community offer various benefits, which include funding for students and researchers and third-stream income for universities. Additionally, industry can gain access to new technologies to incorporate in improved products and services.Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the factors that encourage academic researchers’ involvement in technology commercialisation.Setting: The growth in university technology transfer in South Africa can be attributed to the South African Intellectual Property Rights from the Publicly Financed Research and Development Act (Act 51 of 2008). The establishment of Technology Transfer Offices at universities across South Africa, aims to involve researchers in commercialisation activities, champion the innovation conversation within universities and to progress innovations from concept to application in society.Methods: The study followed a positivistic research philosophy and a deductive approach. Researchers (n=38) in two faculties at the Nelson Mandela University participated in this exploratory study and completed an online survey. The respondents were selected through purposeful sampling.  Results: The findings indicate that a combination of incentives is necessary to enable and to encourage researcher involvement in the commercialisation of research. A set of recommendations based on the findings and implementation suggestions are proposed.Conclusion: A combination of monetary and non-monetary incentives are required to enable academics’ involvement in commercialisation activities.
The effectiveness of human resources practices in driving proactive experimentation and risk-taking work behaviours in organisations
Authors: Mathafena Rose B. , Grobler Anton
Published: December 2020

Orientation: Proactive experimentation and risk-taking employee behaviours have received considerable attention both empirically and conceptually in organisational learning and development studies, as well as in relation to organisational innovation, entrepreneurship, creativity and continuous improvement capacity.Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the extent to which the perceived human resources practices as well as the person–job fit contribute towards proactive experimentation and risk-taking organisational behaviours.Motivations for the study: Substantial gaps remain as to how, to what extent and, also, which human resources practices impact on certain organisational outcomes, and more particularly with experimentation and risk-taking.Research design and methodology: The cross sectional and survey designs were applied in this empirical study. A total of 609 respondents from the diverse South African companies in the private sector participated in the study. Convenience sampling was employed by the field workers in the distribution of the surveys.Main findings: The regression and correlation analysis indicated a significant relationship between the human resources practices (of training and development, participation in decision-making, rewards) and person-to-job fit with experimentation and risk-taking, whilst recruitment reported somewhat a non-significant and low contribution.Practical managerial implications: Organisational management will be better enabled to propose concrete human resources strategies necessary for cultivating proactive work behaviours impacting on performance and competitiveness.Value add: The outcomes of the research corroborate with existing literature according to which rewards, participation in decision-making, training and development, as well as person–job fit are essential for the creation of the conditions which cultivate proactive and productive work behaviours.
Towards the innovative university: What is the role of organisational culture and knowledge sharing?
Authors: Kokt Desere , Makumbe William
Published: December 2020

Orientation: Continuous innovation and knowledge sharing have become the linchpin of contemporary organisations, especially universities. Universities thus need to create a conducive organisational culture to enable innovation and knowledge sharing.Research purpose: This study aimed to contribute empirically to an understanding of how an innovative university can be realised in a developing country context.Motivation for the study: As innovation and knowledge sharing remain a challenge for most southern African universities, this article provides a theoretical and empirical understanding of the positive influence of organisational culture on these variables.Research approach/design and method: The study followed a survey design. A structured questionnaire was administered to a sample of 277 university staff members. A total of 195 questionnaires were collected for data analysis, yielding a response rate of 70.39%. Data were interpreted using descriptive statistics and partial least squares structural equation modelling to analyse the relationship between the variables.Main findings: The results indicated that the university under investigation had a dominant rational or clan culture orientation. A significant relationship was found between organisational culture and innovation and organisational culture and knowledge sharing.Practical/managerial implications: The study proposes that innovation and knowledge sharing can best be realised within an adhocracy culture. Strategic priorities were proposed to the management of the university to enhance the pervasiveness of these variables.Contribution/value-add: The study provides empirical evidence of the positive effect of organisational culture on innovation and knowledge sharing, confirming that organisational culture is a predictor of both innovation and knowledge sharing.
Towards a multidimensional model for assessing e-government service gaps
Authors: Mahlangu Gilbert , Ruhode Ephias
Published: December 2020

Background: Since the emergence of e-government in developing countries, several different measurement metrics in the form of models and frameworks have been utilised to evaluate e-government projects. Whilst e-government assessment topologies have developed over time, no measurement metrics exist to assess e-government service gaps according to the best knowledge of the researchers. Consequently, failure to assess e-government service gaps makes it difficult to take well-founded improvement actions, as these gaps are not obvious to the designers and developers of e-government systems.Objective: The objective of this study was to explore dimensions or constructs that could contribute to the development of a multidimensional model for assessing e-government service gaps.Methodology: An integrative literature review was conducted in Ebscohost, Wiley Online Library, Springer Link, Science Direct, Taylor and Francis journals, Sage Research Methods, JSTOR, Google Scholar, Emerald and the Electronic Journal of Information System in Developing Countries (EJISDC) using relevant search strings. The extracted articles were subjected to construct analysis in which constant-comparative analysis, thematic analysis and evaluation functions were used to cluster dimensions extracted from evaluation metrics according to their themes or constructs.Results: Themes and constructs extracted from existing evaluation metrics resulted in the development of a multidimensional model that could be used for assessing e-government service gaps. Accordingly, the model consists of the following constructs: system functionality; service delivery; and service gaps.Conclusion: The findings imply that the model can be used as a prescriptive tool during the design phase (pre-implementation phase) or in scaling up e-government projects and as an evaluation tool in the post-implementation phase.
Analysing personal financial wellness amongst employees of a South African tertiary institution
Authors: Fouché Jacobus P. , Manyaapelo Johanna
Published: December 2020

The financial health of employees is increasingly becoming important in many organisations. Personal financial wellness not only contributes to the overall well-being of employees but also affects their job productivity. Thus, employers need the necessary knowledge to evaluate and address employees’ personal financial wellness levels effectively. The main objective of this study was to analyse the level of personal financial wellness amongst employees at a South African tertiary institution and gain insight which employers can use in addressing the needs of their staff with regard to personal finances. The study followed a cross-sectional design. Primary data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire from 60 attendees of a personal finance workshop, using the validated Personal Finance Well-being Scale. Practically visible to practically significant correlations were found between the number of years employed, income tax percentage paid on income earned, age, number of years being a homeowner and personal financial well-being, respectively. There were also practically non-significant correlations between general health levels, highest qualification, the number of children living in a household, number of children or other financially responsible adults and personal financial well-being. Employees’ sources of advice also seemed to influence their financial well-being. Respondents indicated that they experienced high financial stress to overwhelming stress and were dissatisfied with their current financial situation. It is also the first study to determine the level of financial wellness amongst a group of employees in the higher education sector using the Personal Finance Well-being Scale and only the third study that was found to use this scale amongst employees. This should enable employers to better support their employees.
New Raw Materials from the New World: Transfer of Knowledge to Polish Pharmacies
Authors: Arabas Iwona
Published: December 2020

Cataloguing of the natural world was started by the 16th–century scholar Ulisses Aldrovandi, who was inspired by overseas expeditions. Collectors of specimens, among whom were many doctors of medicine and pharmacists, noticed the possibilities for using exotic plants and animals in medicine. The first pharmacopoeias, however, contained very few of the previously unknown raw materials and they did not have a great impact on the contemporary therapeutic possibilities. In the Polish territories, the raw materials from the New World had already been recorded in Jan Woyna’s Krakow Pharmacopoeia of 1683, in which five American species were identified. By contrast, in the 18th–century Jesuit pharmacies, 30 such materials were already used, although they were not pharmacopoeial. In the 18th century, in the Polish lands, an important role was played by duchess Anna Jabłonowska (1728–1800), who gathered one of the richest natural history collections in Europe in Siemiatycze in Podlasie. Thanks to her support, the Polish nature literature was enriched with numerous works that were of importance for the development of the natural sciences.