bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Database of Herbal Medicines from Various Scientific Sources
Authors: Yunita Oeke , Sun Titin Yolanni , Rofifah Farah Zalfa , Kristanto Dyas , Budipramana Krisyanti
Published: November 2022

Informasi baru untuk penelitian dan pengembangan obat herbal (jamu) tidak dapat dikumpulkan dari satu database (basis data). Sumber informasi harus lengkap dan menyeluruh sehingga memungkinkan adanya referensi silang untuk memberikan informasi baru dalam penemuan dan pengembangan obat herbal. Pada review ini, kami memberikan gambaran yang komprehensif tentang sumber-sumber informasi herbal, serta deskripsi dari semua basis data yang relevan dengan obat herbal. Basis data PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar dan Semantic Scholar ditelusuri dalam rentang waktu antara Juni dan Juli 2021 terkait publikasi yang relevan dengan basis data jamu. Hasil perbandingan menunjukkan bahwa ETM-DB adalah basis data yang paling lengkap dan menyeluruh untuk penelitian terkait penemuan dan pengembangan obat herbal dari semua basis data yang diulas dalam penelitian ini. Ketersediaan dan kelengkapan informasi, kemampuan pengguna atau peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian dan pengembangan tambahan terhadap suatu obat herbal, serta tersedianya fitur untuk mengunduh informasi dan struktur kimia dalam berbagai versi, semuanya dapat memberikan informasi penting bagi pengembangan suatu basis data obat herbal dalam bentuk situs web penelusuran online yang mudah digunakan yang dapat diakses oleh pakar dan masyarakat umum. Pengembangan herbal dapat menggunakan basis data obat herbal, seperti yang termasuk dalam ulasan ini, untuk mengumpulkan informasi herbal yang komprehensif dari berbagai sumber. Kata Kunci: Database, Herbal, Informasi, Review  Multiple databases are utilized since new information for herbal medicine research and development cannot be obtained from a single database. Information sources must be comprehensive and complete in order to allow for cross-referencing and give new information in the discovery and development of herbal medicines. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of these resources, as well as descriptions of all databases that are relevant to the subject of herbal medicine. The databases PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar were searched between June and July 2021 for publications relevant to herbal medicine databases. Comparison results show that ETM-DB is the most extensive database for herbal medicine drug discovery and development research of all the databases reviewed in this study. The availability and completeness of information, the ability of users or researchers to conduct additional research and development on herbal medicine, and the availability of features for downloading information and chemical structures in various versions, can all provide critical information for the development of herbal database in the form of an easy-to-use query website that is accessible. Herbal medicine development can use databases to collect comprehensive information from a variety of sources.
Self-efficacy of physical education students in sports psychology learning
Authors: Nopiyanto Yahya Eko , Raibowo Septian , Prabowo Andika , Defliyanto Defliyanto , Ibrahim Ibrahim
Published: November 2022

There are still physical education students who are unsure of their ability to participate in sports psychology learning. Based on this, the purpose of this study was to determine the level of self-efficacy of physical education students in attending sports psychology learning. The method used is the descriptive research method. The population used was 26 students. The total sampling technique was used to take the size of the research sample. The research techniques and instruments used were in the form of a questionnaire with a validity value of 0.72 and a reliability of 0.73. The mean ideal and standard ideal deviation are used to determine the category, and the percentage is used to determine the percentage of students. The results of the study stated that: 1) male students had a mean score of 51.11 and a standard deviation of 6.67 in the high category; 2) female male students have a mean value of 51.33 and a standard deviation of 6.83 in the high category. So it can be concluded that the level of self-efficacy is in the high category with a frequency of 20 students or 76%, and there is no difference between male and female students.
Radiotherapy delays malignant transformation and prolongs survival in patients with IDH-mutant gliomas
Authors: Liu Yanwei , Chen Huiyuan , Li Guanzhang , Zhang Jing , Yao Kun , Wu Chenxing , Li Shouwei , Qiu Xiaoguang
Published: November 2022

Objective: IDH-mutant lower-grade gliomas (LGGs, grade 2 or 3) eventually transform into secondary grade 4 astrocytomas (sAIDHmut/G4). Here, we sought to describe the transformation time, risk factors, and outcomes in malignant transformation of IDH-mutant LGGs. Methods: We screened data for 108 patients with sAIDHmut/G4 in the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas who had initial IDH-mutant LGGs and underwent reoperation during 2005–2021. We evaluated the transformation time from IDH-mutant LGGs to sAIDHmut/G4, and associated risk factors and outcomes. Malignant transformation was defined as pathological confirmation of grade 4 astrocytoma. Results: The median age of the 108 patients with IDH-mutant LGGs was 35 years (range, 19–54); the median age at transformation was 40 years (range, 25–62); and the median follow-up time for all patients was 146 months (range, 121–171). The average transformation time was 58.8 months for all patients with LGGs (range, 5.9–208.1); 63.5 and 51.9 months for grade 2 and 3 gliomas, respectively; and 58.4 and 78.1 months for IDH-mutant/1p/19q-non-codeleted astrocytomas and IDH-mutant/1p/19q-codeleted oligodendrogliomas, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that radiotherapy [hazard ratio (HR), 0.29; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.137–0.595; P = 0.001] and non-A blood type (HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.203–0.680; P = 0.001) were protective factors against delayed malignant transformation. Radiotherapy was associated with improved survival after transformation (HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.241–0.803; P = 0.008), overall survival (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.265–0.972; P = 0.041), and progression-free survival (HR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.133–0.479; P < 0.0001) in patients with IDH-mutant gliomas. Conclusions: Radiotherapy is associated with delayed malignant transformation and improved survival in patients with IDH-mutant gliomas.
Mapping the Accessory Proteins (Orfs) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Authors: Thomas Sunil
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic first observed in December 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has influenced every individual on the planet. The virus has influenced our lifestyle, education, economy and the environment. Though the vaccines against COVID-19 have provided protection against the disease; new strains of the virus have lowered the efficiency of the vaccines. There is still no effective therapy for the treatment of the disease. Understanding the protein structure of the virus may lead to the development of effective therapies for the disease. We recently mapped the structural proteins and non-structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2. The accessory proteins (Open reading frames, Orfs) of SARS-CoV-2 modulate the host environment to favor virus replication. This paper reports mapping the accessory proteins (Orfs) of SARS-CoV-2.
Esakia Duality for Heyting Small Spaces
Authors: Piękosz Artur
Published: November 2022

We develop the theory of Heyting small spaces and prove a new version of Esakia duality for such spaces. To do this, we notice that spectral spaces may be seen as sober small spaces with all smops compact and introduce the method of the standard spectralification. This helps to understand open continuous definable mappings between definable spaces over o-minimal structures.
Oxygen-sensitive TERT Promoter Methylation Regulates Telomerase Activity
Authors: Forsyth Nicholas Robert , Dogan Fatma
Published: November 2022

Telomere repeats at the ends of human chromosomes protect chromosomes from degradation, and telomerase has a prominent role in telomere maintenance. Telomerase also affects cell proliferation, DNA replication, differentiation, and tumourigenesis. TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase enzyme) is the catalytic subunit of telomerase and is critical for enzyme activity. TERT promoter mutations and promoter methylation are strongly associated with increased telomerase activation in cancer cells. Notably, TERT and telomerase are downregulated in stem cells during their differentiation. Therefore, the link between differentiation and telomerase provides a valuable tool for studying the epigenetic regulation of TERT enzyme. Oxygen tension affects several cellular behaviours including proliferation, metabolic activity, stemness, and differentiation. The role of oxygen tension in driving promoter modifications of the TERT gene in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is poorly understood either in vitro or in vivo. We adopted a monolayer ESCs differentiation model to explore the role of low, physiological, oxygen (physoxia) in the epigenetic regulation of telomerase and associated genes, including TERT, DNMTs, and HDACs. Cells were cultured in either air, a 2% O2 incubator, or a 2% O2 oxygen workstation to provide a fully defined 2% O2 environment. Pre-gassed media (pre-conditioned to 2% O2 in a HypoxyCool unit) was used in all 2% O2 experimentation. As anticipated, physoxia culture increased the proliferation rate and stemness of ESCs and a slower onset of differentiation in physoxia was evident. Further, downregulated TERT expression was correlated to reduced telomerase activity during differentiation. TERT expression and telomerase activity remained significantly elevated in physoxia during differentiation. A substantial increase in TERT promoter methylation levels was noted during differentiation. Chemical inhibition of DNMT3B reduced TERT promoter methylation and was associated with increased TERT gene and telomerase activity during differentiation. DNMT3B CHiP demonstrated that downregulated TERT expression and increased proximal promoter methylation were associated with DNMT3B binding to the promoter. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that DNMT3B can directly bind TERT promoter, change its methylation levels, and contribute to regulation of telomerase activity.
Influence of Reinforcing Efficiency of Clay on the Mechanical Properties of Poly(butylene terephthalate) Nanocomposite
Authors: Colombo Maria A.S. , Díaz Francisco R.V. , Kodali Deepa , Rangari Vijaya , Güven Olgun , Moura Esperidiana A.B.
Published: November 2022

In contrast to the traditional fillers, clay, in particular, natural smectite clay represents an environmentally significant alternative to improve the properties of polymers. Compared to con-ventional nanofillers, smectite clay can effectively enhance the physical and mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites with a relatively small amount of addition (< 5 wt%). The present study focuses on investigating the reinforcing efficiency of different amounts (up to 5 wt%) of a natural Brazilian smectite clay on the mechanical and thermal properties of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) nanocomposites. Natural Brazilian clay modified by addition of quaternary salt and sodium carbonate (MBClay) was infused into the PBT polymer by melt extrusion, using a twin-screw extruder. It was found that the best properties for PBT were obtained at 3.7 wt% of modified BClay. Tensile strength at break exhibited an increase of about 60 %, flexural strength increased by 24 % and flexural modulus increased by 17 %. In addition, an increase in the crystallinity percentage of PBT/BClay nanocomposite was confirmed by DSC and XRD analysis, and a gain of about 45 % in HDT was successfully achieved due to incorporation of 3.7 wt% of MBClay.
Oral Administration of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis through Induction of Th2/Treg Cells and Suppression of Th1/Th17 Immune Responses
Authors: Haghmorad Dariush , Yousefi Bahman , Eslami Majid , Rashidy-Pour Ali , Tarahomi Mahdieh , Tavaf Maryam Jadid , Soltanmohammadi Azita , Zargarani Simin , Kamyshnyi Aleksandr , Oksenych Valentyn
Published: November 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been widely used to determine the pathogenesis of the disease and evaluate new treatment strategies for MS. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of oral administration of a Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) in the treatment of EAE. Female C57BL/6 mice were utilized in three groups (Control group: received PBS orally; prevention group: oral administration of MOG35-55 two weeks before EAE induction; treatment group: oral administration of MOG35-55 after EAE induction. MOG administration, both as prevention and treatment, significantly controlled clinical score, weight loss, CNS inflammation, and demyelination, mainly through the modulation of T cell proliferation, reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17, T-bet, and ROR-γt. MOG administration, both as prevention and treatment, also induced anti-inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors, including IL-4, TGF-β, GATA-3, and Foxp3. The results showed that oral administration of MOG, both as prevention and treatment, could efficiently control EAE development. Immunomodulatory mechanisms include the induction of Th2 and Treg cells and the suppression of pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells.
Supplementation of Lactobacillus Plantarum (TCI227) Prevented Potassium Oxonate Induced Hyperuricemia in Rats
Authors: Chien Chih-Yu , Chien Yu-Jou , Lin Yung-Hao , Lin Yung-Hsiang , Chan Shu-Ting , Hu Wei Chun , Wu Han-Fang , Chiang Chi-Fu , Hsu Chin-Lin
Published: November 2022

Hyperuricemia (HC) was one of the important risk factors for gout, arteriosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. Animal studies have shown that Lactobacillus plantarum can improve the microbiota, immune regulation, and inhibit the uric acid production. However, it was not clear whether L. plantarum can improve HC and intestinal microbiota. We used potassium oxonate (PO) to induce HC in male SD rats, and then treated L. plantarum TCI227 in a dose dependent (HC+LD, HC+MD, HC+HD) for 4 weeks, and examined weight organs, biochemical examination of blood and urine, and analyzed the intestinal microbiota in feces by 16s rDNA sequence analysis. In this study, TCI227 improved body weight, decreased creatinine, serum uric acid, and increased urine uric acid compared to the HC group. Furthermore, TCI227 increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In fecal microbiota (family), TCI227 increased the level of Lactobacillaceae, and then decreased the level of Deferribacteres and Prevotellaceae compared to the HC group. Finally, in fecal microbiota (genus), TCI227 decreased the level of Prevotella, and then increased the level of Lactobacillus and Ruminococcus compared to the HC group. This study suggested that TCI227 can improve HC and change the compositions of the intestinal microbiota in PO induced male HC SD rats.
Boolean functions minimization problem: conditions of minimality and the probabilistic method
Authors: Chukhrov Igor' Petrovich
Published: November 2022

The article is written on the basis of reports presented at the XII International Seminar. Discrete mathematics and its applications named after academician O. B. Lupanov (Moscow, Moscow State University, June 20–25, 2016) and contains a survey of results for the problem of minimizing Boolean functions, in which methods are considered for proving the minimality and nonconstructive approaches to obtaining estimates of parameters that characterize the complexity of minimization with respect to classes of measures difficulties.
The Application of Several Organic Fertilizers for Production Increase and Brix Content of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. Saccharate)
Authors: Ramadhan Agussalim Andi Adya , Rafiudin Rafiudin , Yassi Amir
Published: November 2022

The tendency of chemical fertilizers used (inorganic) in food crop cultivation farming by the farmers is caused by their practicality. However, the continuous use of chemical fertilizers can damage the crops and their environment, including sweet corn. Sweet corn (Zea mays L. Saccharate) contains high sugar content because it naturally mutates to a recessive gene that controls sugar conversion to starch in corn endosperm. The purpose of this research were to know the effect of several organic fertilizers on productivity increase as well as Brix content of sweet corn. This research was conducted from June to August 2021 in Waempubbu Village, Amali District, Bone Regency and Laboratory of Food Process, Agriculture Faculty, Hasanuddin University, South Sulawesi. This research used the design of a split plot by using completely randomized design (CRD). The main plot was sweet corn varieties: Talenta (v1) and Bonanza (v2). Meanwhile, the subplot was organic fertilizers which are control (p0), compost (p1), soil ameliorant (p2), compost + soil ameliorant (p3), liquid organic fertilizer/LOF (p4), compost + LOF (p5), soil ameliorant + LOF (p6) and compost + soil ameliorant + LOF (p7). According to the results, the Bonanza variety showed high average productivity, 22.50 tons per hectare.  The treatment of organic fertilizer that reveals the high average productivity is combines compost + soil ameliorant + LOF (p7). The interaction of treatment that reveals the highest productivity is an interaction between Bonanza variety with the treatment of soil ameliorant + LOF (p6), which is 27.07 tons per hectare with Relative Agronomic Effectiveness (RAE) value is 1366.67%. The treatment of compost fertilizer + soil ameliorant + LOF (p7) exhibits the content of Brix (10.50%) and becomes the highest productivity.
Analysis of Substance Flow and the Transition of Industrial Structure of Indium in Japan
Authors: Yoshimura Akihiro , Nishioka Yuma , Matsuno Yasunari ,   Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan,   Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
Published: November 2022

Indium is a rare metal that is an essential raw material for indium tin oxide (ITO) essential for transparent electrodes for displays. However, its supply is unstable as it is a by-product of zinc. In this research, we investigated the domestic substance flow of indium used for liquid crystal applications in Japan. Accordingly, we quantitatively evaluated the amount of indium contained in the process loss and the content of indium in end-of-life products. Through this quantification, we examined the visualization of loss in the entire flow and the usability of end-of-life products as secondary production. Consequently, it was found that the amount of indium used in the production of end-use-products in Japan has increased significantly due to the growth of liquid crystal display TVs, particularly in preparation for the transition to terrestrial digital broadcasting in 2011, and has drastically decreased after 2012. Meanwhile, some manufacturing bases have been relocated from Japan to other countries, and a certain proportion of end-use-products are imported, by which we infer the domestic input amount of end-use-products in recent years is estimated to have remained at approximately 4 t. Based on the result, after having continued to increase to the maximum value of approximately 70 t in 2014, the in-use stock has exhibited a gradually decreasing trend. Moreover, the indium content in end-of-life products has continued to increase, and in 2015, it exceeded the amount of the end-use-products input into society. Furthermore, compared with the process loss at the time of processing from ITO to a display, the gap has been narrowed from 100 times or more, and the indium content in end-of-life products in 2008 to about 15 times in 2017. These results suggest that the recycling potential of end-of-life products has increased with the spread of indium-based products.
Sustainable Design Implementation – Measuring Environmental Impact and User Responsibility
Authors: Panuju Achmad Yahya Teguh , Martinus Martinus , Riszal Akhmad , Kobayashi Hideki ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Lampung Sumantri Brojonegoro Street No.1, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
Published: November 2022

Sustainable design in product development has multiple roles in addressing an increased level of sustainability. This includes reducing resource consumption and modifying user behaviors to become more eco-friendly. However, these functions are typically assessed separately, despite a proposed mutual correlation. This paper proposes a framework for defining this correlation. By using the correlated functions in parallel, one can enhance the product development process, and this will strengthen the use of sustainable design as a powerful design tool for future products. A practical approach for implementation is needed, which should show the benefit of the design both from the environmental aspect and a change in the responsibility of users. The primary goal of this manuscript is to propose an approach to fill this gap, using experiments to explore the effect of a washing machine modification project in Indonesia. Resource consumption while doing the laundry is measured as a representation of the environmental impact, while the users’ predisposition for environmental responsibility inclination is analyzed by scaling the responsibility. The results show that the sustainable design strategy is effective in reducing the environmental impact, while simultaneously increasing the environmental responsibility of users. Further study is required to define the correlation between the measured factors to formulate a well-developed theory related to this correlation.
Identifying Potential Areas for Circular Economy Development from the Perspective of Developing Economies: Using Patent and Bibliometric Analyses
Authors: Gerdsri Nathasit , Teekasap Pard ,   College of Management, Mahidol University (CMMU)  69 Vipawadee Rangsit Road Samsennai, Phayathai District, Bangkok 10400, Thailand,   Stamford International University, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: November 2022

Economic development must occur alongside environmental sustainability. The circular economy (CE) in an industrial context is a critical area that has been widely studied. However, the scope of the CE is broad and involves the development of various fields, ranging from energy and production to digitalization. The areas targeted for CE development also vary according to the stage of economic development. This study focuses on identifying the potential for CE development from the perspective of developing economies by using patent and bibliometric analyses.
Generation of a Robot Program and Determination of an Optimal Workpiece Placement Considering the Manipulability of Industrial Robots
Authors: Moriguchi Kei , Mizokami Takuya , Morishige Koichi ,   Department of Mechanical and Intelligent Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering,
The University of Electro-Communications 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan,   Faculty of Informatics and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Intelligent Systems Engineering,
The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
Published: November 2022

Various operations in the production sites of manufacturing industries are being automated using industrial robots instead of operators. In recent years, an offline teaching method for robot motion has been implemented, where programs are generated in a work environment that is reproduced virtually inside a computer. However, the robot program developed using the offline teaching method can pass through singularities or suddenly change the robot’s posture, making the robot incapable of performing safe operations. To achieve optimal operation, the operator must determine the workpiece placement and create a robot program through trial and error. In this study, we proposed a method that uses manipulability to generate a program that commands the robot to move without passing singularities or changing the robot’s posture. Manipulability is quantitatively evaluated as an indicator of a robot’s ability to move its end effector in arbitrary directions. We proposed another method to determine the optimal workpiece placement for robot operations that can maximize the sum of manipulability during the operation. We implemented the aforementioned methods in an offline teaching system. We applied the developed system to a welding operation and verified its effectiveness by conducting motion simulations. The developed system was able to generate a practical robot program that maintained high manipulability and did not cause sudden changes in the posture or pass singularities. The developed system was able to simultaneously determine the optimal workpiece placement for the task, thereby confirming the usefulness of the proposed method.
Cutting Force in Peripheral Milling of Additively Manufactured Maraging Steel
Authors: Tamura Shoichi , Ezura Atsushi , Matsumura Takashi ,   Division of Mechanical Engineering, Ashikaga University 268-1 Omae, Ashikaga, Tochigi 326-8558, Japan,   Faculty of Engineering, Sanjo City University, Sanjo, Japan,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan
Published: November 2022

Additively manufactured parts have recently been applied to products in aerospace, automobile, and tool industries in terms of design flexibility and material consumption with mechanical strength. Because the surfaces of additively manufactured parts are coarse, milling is conducted as a post-process to achieve fine surfaces within the specified tolerance. However, the microstructures and the mechanical properties of additively manufactured metals differ from those of wrought metals. Therefore, the cutting characteristics should be understood to determine the appropriate cutting parameters. The paper studies the cutting process in peripheral milling of additively manufactured maraging steel in a cutting model. The cutting force, the surface finish, the chip morphology, and the tool wear were evaluated through cutting tests. Although the hardness of the additively manufactured workpiece was higher than that of the wrought workpiece, the maximum cutting forces were approximately the same. An energy-based force model was applied to discuss the cutting force characteristics in terms of the shear area and the shear stress on the shear plane. In milling of additively manufactured workpiece, the shear stress on the shear plane becomes larger than that of the wrought workpiece. However, the shear plane length is short at a large shear angle. Therefore, the cutting force does not significantly increase. The typical change in the cutting force of the additively manufactured workpiece is also compared with that of the wrought workpiece in terms of the cutting model. The chip flow directions, then, are analyzed in the cutting force model. The chips of the additively manufactured workpiece flow more in the radial direction than those of the wrought workpiece.
Efectividad de una UGA sobre la recuperación del rendimiento físico de adultos mayores del HMG durante el 2020
Authors:   , Grey Sanchez Manuel Arturo , Urbano Moran Luis Enrique
Published: November 2022

Antecedentes y Objetivo: La Unidad Geriátrica de Agudos (UGA) se compone por un equipo multidisciplinario encargado en la recuperación de la salud y rendimiento físico de los adultos mayores tras un evento agudo. En el año 2020 aconteció la pandemia por COVID-19, por lo que los centros de salud han reducido el número de su personal como medida de protocolo sanitario. El objetivo de este estudio es valorar la efectividad de la UGA en la recuperación del rendimiento físico de este grupo de pacientes, antes y durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Materiales y Métodos: El presente trabajo es un estudio cuasi experimental. La población incluirá a 53 pacientes adultos mayores de 60 años, los cuales requerirán ser hospitalizados en la Unidad Geriátrica de Agudos (UGA) del Hospital Militar Geriátrico (HMG) antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Se procederá a realizar las mediciones de los test SPPB, tanto al ingreso como al alta de la UGA. Los datos recolectados serán procesados en el programa Microsoft Excel para el posterior análisis mediante el programa STATA14. Resultados: Se evaluó a 27 adultos mayores antes de la pandemia y 26 durante la pandemia de UGA del HMG, la mediana de edad fue 55,5% y 46,1% fueron mujeres durante la prepandemia y pandemia respectivamente. Los factores asociados a la recuperación del rendimiento físico en ambos momentos fueron el periodo de atención, la dependencia evaluada por Barthel, el índice de Charlson, el número de medicamentos, la edad y los días de hospitalización con un (p<0,005). Así mismo, se encontró que estos factores en conjunto tienen un valor de predicción de la recuperación funcional del 34,5% (R-squared 0,345). La recuperación funcional entre la Prepandemia frente a la Pandemia, no fue estadísticamente significativa (p=0,278). Conclusiones: El estudio realizado encontró que la UGA fue efectiva…
Gene expression and early radiation response of two distinct neuroblastoma cell lines
Authors: Ritner Carissa , Popovic Jelena , Abouzeid Aushra , Li Ya , Paunesku Tatjana , Papineni Rao , Woloschak Gayle
Published: November 2022

Neuroblastoma is one of the most common childhood cancers with one of the lowest survival rates, accounting for 15% of childhood cancer mortality. Approximately half of children treated for high-risk neuroblastoma will relapse following remission, while another 15% of patients do not respond to initial treatment. External beam radiation is infrequently used for treatment of pediatric cancer such as neuroblastoma, typically reserved for palliative care in patients with aggressive metastatic disease who fail to respond to alternative treatments. Understanding effects of radiation on neuroblastoma cells could improve efficacy of this final means of therapy to decrease tumor burden and stabilize the disease. In this study, we found that two microRNAs with opposite functions were expressed in two neuroblastomas cell lines with marked differences in radiosensitivity. Clonogenic assays were used to evaluate the radiation responses for these two cell lines, designated SK-N-AS and SK-N-DZ; cells were then irradiated at doses that cause 90% cell killing based on clonogenic assay and their RNA isolated and subjected to microarray analysis. In addition, cells were transfected with pre-miRNA constructs that led to overexpression of microRNAs miR-34a and miR-1228. Statistically significant differences were detected for expression of several thousands of genes when the two cell lines were compared with each other. In comparison, radiation led only to minor gene expression differences of less than two-fold at the 1h post-irradiation timepoint in both cell lines. Overexpression of miR-34a and miR-1228 in either cell line did not alter this outcome. While these two neuroblastoma cell lines are phenotypically diverse and gene expression differences between them are extensive, we observed that the regulation of gene expression in both of these cell lines is in a stable equilibrium at early timepoints after exposure to ionizing radiation.
Design and Development a Mobile-Based Self-Care Application for Patient with Depression and Anxiety Disorders: An applied and developmental study
Authors: Moulaei Khadijeh , Bahaadinbeigy Kambiz , Mashoof Esmat , Dinari Fatemeh
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim

Depression and anxiety can cause social, behavioral, occupational and functional impairments if not controlled and managed. Mobile-based self-care applications can be used as an important and effective factor in controlling and reducing the effects of anxiety disorders and depression. The aim of this study was to design and development a mobile-based self-care application for patient with depression and anxiety disorders.

Materials and methods

In this applied - developmental study we designed a mobile-based application for self -management of depression and anxiety disorders. In order to design this application, first the education- informational needs and capabilities were identified through a systematic review. Then, according to 20 patients with depression and anxiety, this education-informational needs and application capabilities were approved. In the next step, the application was designed.

Results

Of 80 education- informational needs and capabilities, 69 needs and capabilities with a mean greater than and equal to 3.75 (75%) were considered in application design. Disease control and management, drug management, nutrition and diet management, recording clinical records, communicating with physicians and other patients, reminding appointments, how to improve lifestyle, quitting smoking and reducing alcohol consumption, educational content, sedation instructions, introducing health care centers for depression and anxiety treatment and recording activities, personal goals and habits in a diary were the most important features of this application.

Conclusion

The designed application can improve self-care among people with depressive and stress disorders and help patients to access the information they need without search the Internet.
calf – software for CEST analysis with Lorentzian fitting
Authors: Wittsack Hans-Jörg , Radke Karl Ludger , Stabinska Julia , Ljimani Alexandra , Müller-Lutz Anja
Published: November 2022

Analysis of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI data requires sophisticated methods to obtain reliable results about metabolites in the tissue under study. CEST generates z-spectra with multiple components, each originating from individual molecular groups. The individual lines with Lorentzian line shape are mostly overlapping and disturbed by various effects. We present an elaborate method based on an adaptive nonlinear least squares algorithm that provides robust quantification of z-spectra and incorporates prior knowledge in the fitting process. To disseminate CEST to the research community, we developed software as part of this study that runs on the Microsoft Windows operating system and will be made freely available to the community. Special attention has been paid to establish a low entrance threshold and high usability, so that even less experienced users can successfully analyze CEST data.
Role of NFAT4-Trim17 axis mediates the neuronal apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Song Shibin , Zhou Xiaoming , Qiu Wenjin , Xu Zhixiong , Dong Minghao , Chen Yimin , Yang Hua
Published: November 2022

Background:Although accumulating evidence indicates that Trim17 is implicated in the pathophysiology of neuronal apoptosis, the regulation mechanism on pro-apoptotic role of Trim17 after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has not been well identified so far.Methods:Trim17 siRNA was administered to explore the detrimental role of Trim17 in mediating neuronal apoptosis in vivo and in vitro after experimental SAH. The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling, involving in the underlying regulation mechanism on Trim17, was further explored.Results:Trim17 mainly located in the neurons and presented an obvious elevated expression in vivo and in vitro after SAH. Trim17 siRNA administration could significantly ameliorate neuronal apoptosis after SAH. Moreover, inhibition the nuclear translocation of NFAT4 could effectively abolishthe pro-apoptotic activity of Trim17/Bax pathway, accompanied by ameliorated neuronal apoptosis and improved neurological function.Conclusions:The elevation of Trim17 is sufficient for triggering the intrinsic apoptotic effect after SAH, and this pro-apoptotic activity could be mediated by the initiated of the nuclear translocation of NFAT4. Pharmacological targeting of NFAT4/Trim17 pathway can be explored for SAH therapy.
Spatial transcriptomics reveals distinct and conserved tumor core and edge architectures that predict survival and targeted therapy response
Authors: Arora Rohit , Cao Christian , Kumar Mehul , Sinha Sarthak , Chanda Ayan , McNeil Reid , Samuel Divya , Arora Rahul , Matthews Wayne , Chandarana Shamir , Hart Robert , Dort Joseph , Biernaskie Jeff , Neri Paola , Hyrcza Martin , Bose Pinaki
Published: November 2022

We performed the first integrative single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis on HPV-negative oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to comprehensively characterize tumor core (TC) and leading edge (LE) transcriptional architectures. We show that the TC and LE are characterized by unique transcriptional profiles, cellular compositions, and ligand-receptor interactions. We demonstrate that LE regions are conserved across multiple cancers while TC states are tissue specific, highlighting the existence of common mechanisms underlying tumor progression and invasion. Additionally, we found that a LE gene signature is associated with worse clinical outcomes while a TC gene signature is associated with improved prognosis across multiple cancer types. Finally, using an in silico modeling approach, we describe spatially-regulated patterns of cell development in OSCC that are predictably associated with drug response. Our work provides pan-cancer insights into TC and LE biology and an explorable atlas (http://www.pboselab.ca/spatial_OSCC/) that can be foundational for developing novel targeted therapies.
Pan-cancer Analysis Predicts Kindlin-associated Global
Mechanochemical Perturbation
Authors: Haldar Shubhasis , Chowdhury Debojyoti , mistry ayush , Bhatia Riti , Wadan Simran , Chakraborty Soham
Published: November 2022

Kindlins are mechanosensitive adapter proteins that connect extracellular mechanical cues to intracellular chemical events. Any alterations in these proteins thus alter cellular signaling, which could result in cancer progression. However, their involvement in global mechanochemical signals remains elusive in cancers. Here we analyze pan-cancer samples to decipher how kindlin alterations aid cancer progression. We show that kindlin alterations, at both the genetic and mRNA level, dysregulates cellular behavior which significantly correlate with poor survival. We find that while these alterations are cancer-specific, they are prevalent in advanced tumor stages and metastatic onset. We observe that kindlins co-alter with a substantial fraction of human mechanochemical proteome in various tumors. Our analysis suggests how kindlin alterations aid tumor-promoting signals with a synergistic effect from alterations of cancer-hallmark genes. Notably, we demonstrate a consistent alteration of epithelial-mesenchymal-transition markers with kindlin activity. Overall, our study highlights how kindlin alterations could affect metabolism, genomic instability, and signal disruption via their interactome network, causing cancer and suggests targeting them as a therapeutic strategy.
Probing energy transition-environmental sustainability hypothesis in post COP26 era: Do technological advancement, structural change, and demographic mobility matter for G7?
Authors: Ibrahim Ridwan Lanre , Al-mulali Usama , Solarin Sakiru Adebola , Ajide Kazeem Bello , Al-Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh , Mohammed Abubakar
Published: November 2022

Global warming remains the most devastating environmental issue embattling the global economies, with significant contributions emanating from CO2 emissions. The continued rise in the level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions serves as a compelling force which constitutes the core discuss at the recent COP26 prompting nations to commit to the net zero emissions target. The current research advances the first empirical investigation on the roles of structural change, demographic mobility, and energy transition in G7 pathways to environmental sustainability captured by CO2 emissions per capita (PCCO2) in G7 economies from the empirical perspective. The study considers the additional impacts of resource abundance and technology. The empirical backings are subjected to pre-estimation tests consist of cross-sectional dependence, second-generation stationarity, and panel cointegration tests. The model estimation is based on Cross-Sectional Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag, Dynamic Common Correlated Effects Mean Group, and Augmented Mean Group for the main analysis and robustness checks. The findings reveal the existence of EKC based on the direct and indirect effects of the components of economic growth. The indicators of demographic mobility differ in the direction of influence on PCCO2. For instance, while rural population growth negatively influences PCCO2 in the short-run alone, urban population growth increases PCCO2 in the short-run and long-run periods. Nonrenewable energy, information computer technology (ICT) imports, and mobile cellular subscriptions serve as positive predictors of PCCO2, while ICT exports and renewable energy moderate the surge in PCCO2. Policy implications that enhance environmental sustainability are suggested following the empirical verifications.
Effects of diurnal temperature range on Intracerebral hemorrhage among middle-aged and elderly people in Central China
Authors: Wang Shiwen , Zhou Hao , Lai Jingmin , Xiao Guizhen , Tong Zhuoya , Deng Jing , Yang Fang , Shi Qianshan , Shi Jingcheng
Published: November 2022

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diurnal temperature range (DTR) on the number of admissions for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in middle-aged and elderly population.
Methods
We collected DTR and the diurnal hospital admission data of patients with ICH over 45 years old, as well as mixed factors such as meteorology and air pollutants in Hunan Province during 2019 as a representative area of central China and analyzed with a distributed lag nonlinear model.
Results
In total, there were 54 690 ICH admissions in Hunan Province with 30.76% in middle-aged and 69.24% in the elderly. After controlling for other confounding factors, this study found that there was a non-linear relationship between DTR and the number of ICH hospital admissions in middle-aged and elderly groups. In spring, low DTR(middle-aged < 3℃, elderly < 4℃) with continuous low temperature will increase the risk of ICH admissions in both middle-aged and elderly groups ,while high DTR only increase the middle-aged admission risk; Low DTR with continuous high temperature will increase the risk of ICH admissions only in the middle-aged during summer; Autumnal high DTR also caused high risk in both groups; Low DTR(< 3℃) with continuous low temperature or high DTR will increase the risk only in elderly groups in winter. In the elderly groups, the effect of DTR occurs within 5 days, but occurs after 11 days in the middle-aged group.
Conclusion
High DTR may increase the risk of ICH admissions in middle-aged and elderly groups in central China, and elderly group is more sensitive to the impact of DTR. The risk effect of DTR on ICH was significantly different in different seasons between different groups. It is recommended that DTR values should be reported and highlighted in weather forecasting services, with specific interventions targeting sensitive populations.
Polysubstance Mortality Trends in White and Black Americans during the Opioid Epidemic, 1999-2018
Authors: Rawy Marwa , Abdalla Gergis , Look Kevin
Published: November 2022

Background
Psychoactive drug combinations are increasingly contributing to overdose deaths among White and Black Americans. To understand the evolving nature of overdose crisis, inform policies, and develop tailored and equitable interventions, this study provides a comprehensive assessment of polysubstance mortality trends by race and sex during the opioid epidemic.
Methods
We used serial cross-sectional US mortality data for White and Black populations from 1999 through 2018 to calculate annual age-adjusted death rates (AADR) involving any opioid, opioid subtypes, benzodiazepines, cocaine, psychostimulants, or combinations of these drugs, stratified by race and sex. Trend changes in AADR were analyzed using joinpoint regression models and expressed as average annual percent change (AAPC) during each sub-period of the three waves of the opioid epidemic: 1999–2010 (wave 1), 2010–2013 (wave 2), and 2013–2018 (wave 3). Prevalence measures assessed the percent co-involvement of an investigated drug in the overall death from another drug.
Results
Polysubstance mortality has shifted from a modest rise in death rates due to benzodiazepine-opioid overdoses among White persons (wave 1) to a substantial increase in death rates due to illicit drug combinations impacting White and Black populations (wave 3). Concurrent cocaine-opioid use had the highest polysubstance mortality rates in 2018 among Black (5.28 per 100,000) and White (3.53 per 100,000) persons. The steepest increase in death rates during wave 3 was observed across all psychoactive drugs when combined with synthetic opioids in both racial groups. Since 2013, Black persons have died faster from cocaine-opioid and psychostimulant-opioid overdoses. Between 2013 and 2018, opioids were highly prevalent in cocaine-related deaths, increasing by 33% in White persons compared to 135% in Blacks. By 2018, opioids contributed to approximately half of psychostimulant and 85% of benzodiazepine fatal overdoses in both groups. The magnitude and type of drug combinations with the highest death rates differed by race and sex, with Black men exhibiting the highest overdose burden beginning in 2013.
Conclusions
The current drug crisis should be considered in the context of polysubstance use. Effective measures and policies are needed to curb synthetic opioid-involved deaths and address disparate mortality rates in Black communities.
Nicotine exposure decreases likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 RNA expression and neuropathology in the hACE2 mouse brain but not moribundity
Authors: Letsinger Ayland C. , Ward James M. , Fannin Rick D. , Mahapatra Debabrata , Bridge Matthew F. , Sills Robert C. , Gerrish Kevin E. , Yakel Jerrel L.
Published: November 2022

Individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2 are at risk of developing neurological-related post-acute disorders. Disputed epidemiological data indicated nicotine may reduce the severity of infection. Here we find exposure to nicotine in drinking water does not alter the moribundity of hACE2 mice. However, pre-exposure to nicotine decreased the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 RNA expression and pathology in the brain. These results suggest mechanisms involving targets of nicotine could be leveraged to prevent the neurovirulence of SARS-CoV-2.