bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Minimally Invasive Surgery in Gynecology
Authors: Antonilli Morena , Sevas Vasileios , Luisa Gasparri Maria , Ahmad Farooqi Ammad , Papadia Andrea
Published: July 2021

The first laparoscopic procedure was performed by 1901 by Georg Kelling in dogs while the first laparoscopic procedure in humans was performed by Hans Chrisitan Jacobaeus in 1910. Minimally invasive surgery offers multiple advantages over conventional laparotomy and is associated with reduced estimated blood loss, a lower incidence of complications and a shorter hospital stay and recovery. Over a century later, the vast majority of surgical procedures in gynecology are performed via minimal invasive technique. These include laparoscopy, minilaparoscopy, robotic surgery, laparoendoscopic single site surgery (LESS) and natural orifices transluminal endoscopic surgery. In this chapter we review these surgical techniques, analyze the main differences among these techniques and comment on their advantages and disadvantages.
Staphylococcus aureus and Virulence-Related Small RNA
Authors: Mishra Awdhesh Kumar Mishra Rudra , Mishra Awdhesh Kumar Mishra Bhama , Easwaran Nalini , Muthukaliannan Gothandam Kodiveri
Published: July 2021

Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of diseases, including both community-associated and hospital-acquired infections such as abscesses, wound infections, osteomyelitis, endocarditis and septicemia. Regulation of the expression of various virulence factors is initiated through complex coordination between two-component systems, transcriptional regulatory proteins and regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs). S.aureus uses many sRNA and RNA–RNA interactions mediated the regulation of the expression of genes post-transcriptionally, but it uses few sigma factors to initiate the transcription function. sRNA transcripts are encoded within intergenic regions or in antisense orientation to mRNA transcripts, and sRNA regulation plays a central role in the response to stress stimuli encountered by pathogens during infection. One of the most intriguing examples of sRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation is RNAIII from S.aureus, which interacts with and regulates various RNA targets involved in virulence. Several genes known to be regulated by RNAIII have been demonstrated to be regulated by the sarA locus, independent of its effect on the expression of RNAIII. We discuss the potential role of small RNA (sRNA) in the pathogenesis and virulence factors production of Staphylococcus aureus.
Access to Emergency Healthcare
Authors: F.H. Al Jazairi Abdulnasir , Alinier Guillaume
Published: July 2021

Access to emergency services is essential for the health and well-being of people. The World Health Organization (WHO) made it a human right for everybody to have access to emergency care and it is an ethical obligation for governments to provide this service for the whole population. In recent years, the overcrowding in emergency departments has become a prominent issue that needs proper solutions. There have been several attempts resolving this ongoing issue. One of those is the patients’ distribution according to the severity level of their chief complaint, since more than half of the urgent cases are of low acuity and can be managed in less equipped facilities. Primary healthcare centers are perfectly suited to look after a significant proportion of cases for many reasons such as their scope of service, their wider geographical distribution, and are a more cost-effective resource for such cases than the use of higher acuity facilities. In Qatar, we have been implementing such model of patient distribution to release the burden on emergency departments since 1999. In this chapter we are proposing a full protocol to distribute emergency patients involving the ambulance service, primary healthcare centers, and emergency departments. Cooperation of all these services with the help of higher authorities and media is expected to show great improvements in patient care and better crowd control in emergency departments.
Genetically Modified Yeasts in Wine Biotechnology
Authors: Picazo Cecilia , Garrigós Víctor , Matallana Emilia , Aranda Agustín
Published: July 2021

Modern enology relies on the use of selected yeasts, both Saccharomyces and non-conventional, as starters to achieve reliable fermentations. That allows the selection of the right strain for each process and also the improvement of such strain, by traditional methods or approaches involving genetic manipulation. Genetic engineering allows deletion, overexpression and point mutation of endogenous yeast genes with known interesting features in winemaking and the introduction of foreign and novel activities. Besides, it is a powerful tool to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the desirable traits of a good wine strain, as those directed mutations reveal phenotypes of interest. The genetic editing technology called CRISPR-Cas9 allows a fast, easy and non-invasive manipulation of industrial strains that renders cells with no traces of foreign genetic material. Genetic manipulation of non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts has been less common, but those new technologies together with the increasing knowledge on the genome of such strains opens a promising field of yeast improvement.
Comparison of Mental Health of General Population at the Peak of COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran
Authors: Fardin Mohammad Ali , Khaneghahi Sophia
Published: July 2021

Background: The long-term outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19), accompanied by high mortality rates, hysteria, and economic pressures, has profound, irreversible psychological effects worldwide. Objectives: This study compared mental health and post-traumatic impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak in the peak period of the pandemic in five regions of Iran. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was carried out at the peak of the pandemic using free Google Forms® software. A snowball sampling method focused on the general public in the north east-west, central part, and south east-west of Iran was utilized from March 24 to 29th of 2020. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were applied as data collection tools. Results: The current study included 749 respondents from all provinces in Iran. Most of the participants were from the southeast and the central part of Iran and stayed at home for about 20 to 24 hours during COVID-19 outbreak. The results of MANOVA indicated that there were no significant differences between the means of mental disorders and the impacts of COVID-19 outbreak in these five regions (F = 1.188, Wilks’ Lambda = 0.97, P ≥ 0.05). Nevertheless, one-sample test showed that the IES-R mean score was above the cut-off point, indicating the presence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in all regions of Iran (t = 8.025, P ≤ 0.05, 95% CI: 3.22 to 5.31). Conclusions: As a result of this study that shows the presence of PTSD symptoms in all regions, mental health care is a necessity and should be provided to the general public so that psychologists and mental health teams have to provide psychological services in-person or online method.
Internal Assessment of the Nutrition Department of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (2018)
Authors: Soleimani Davood , Abdollahzadeh Mehdi , Abdollahzad Hadi , Nachvak Mostafa , Samadi Mehnoosh
Published: July 2021

Background: Internal assessment plays a key role in improving the quality of education. Objectives: The present study aimed to internally assess the nutrition department of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the nutrition department of KUMS. Data were collected using the internal assessment questionnaires based on the guidelines and framework of the ministry. Results: The main factors involved in internal assessment included goals, organizational position, management and organization, faculty staff, students, and educational facilities and equipment, which had a favorable status. In addition, the educational courses, curriculum, and teaching/learning strategies had a relatively favorable status, while graduates had an unfavorable status. In general, the mean of all the internal assessment factors was considered favorable. Conclusions: Although the internal assessment indicated the favorable status of the nutrition department of KUMS, special attention should be paid to the graduates in this regard.
Phosphoinositide Signal Transduction Pathway and Osteosarcoma Metastases
Authors: Lo Vasco Vincenza Rita Lo
Published: July 2021

: Metastasis spreading confers a worse prognosis to the clinical outcome among patients suffering from osteosarcoma, the most common primary bone tumor in childhood and adolescence. The detection of molecules involved in metastasis spreading might contribute to understanding tumor dissemination mechanisms, thereby opening the way to novel therapeutic strategies. The Ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) family proteins are activated after interacting with molecules belonging to the phosphoinositide signal transduction pathway. The phosphatydil inositol (4,5) bisphosphate (PIP2), a crucial molecule in the PI pathway, stabilizes the ERM proteins or a more efficient receptor binding. The PIP2 levels in the pathway are a critical element for regulating several cell events. The PIP2 levels are regulated using enzymes, including the PI-specific Phospholipase C family. A decrease in the PIP2 levels induces the dissociation of the ERM protein from the membrane. In this regard, the PI-PLC enzymes regulate this event. In this paper, the role of the PI signal transduction molecules in osteosarcoma metastases is discussed.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Metallo-beta-Lactamase-positive and High-risk Clone ST235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa at Ardabil Hospitals
Authors: Safarirad Somayeh , Arzanlou Mohsen , Mohammadshahi Jafar , Vaez Hamid , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Khademi Farzad
Published: July 2021

Background: Carbapenems are the most commonly administered drugs for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR P. aeruginosa) infections. However, carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa is spreading rapidly and has led to a new threat to human health worldwide. Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa, detect metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producer isolates, and evaluate their clonal relationships in strains isolated from patients referring to the hospitals of Ardabil city, Iran. Methods: The resistance rate to imipenem was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. Double-disk synergy test and PCR technique were used for phenotypic and genotypic screening of MBL-positive P. aeruginosa, respectively. Ultimately, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods were used for assessing clonal relatedness among the isolates. Results: The prevalence of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains was estimated at 57.1% (48 out of 84 isolates). In addition, 45 (93.7%) out of 48 imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates were phenotypically screened as MBL-positive, among which 16 (35.5%) and three (6.6%) isolates harbored blaIMP and blaVIM-1 genes, respectively. However, blaNDM, blaSIM-2, blaSPM, and blaGIM-1 genes were not detected in this study. MBL-producing P. aeruginosa strains were divided into 42 ERIC-PCR types. Based on the results of MLST, P. aeruginosa ST235 was the only identified sequence type. Conclusions: Our results revealed a high and alarming prevalence of imipenem-resistant and blaIMP-positive P. aeruginosa ST235 at Ardabil hospitals. Continuous monitoring is essential to control the further spread of this highly virulent and drug-resistant clone.
Taps
Authors: Hilding Paul ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: July 2021

Do you have the right, or even the obligation, to disobey laws that you find personally unjust? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, John is a trumpet player that is called by the VA to play taps at the funeral of a Vietnam veteran. He plays at many funerals for veterans as a penance for having fled to Canada to avoid the draft. John goes to the bridge where Daniel previously lived and finds his camp, complete with purple heart and copy of The Collected Dialogues of Plato. Daniel marked several pages in “Crito” outlining the death of Socrates. Like John, Daniel had disagreed with the war, but decided to serve anyway. Upon his return he went to college, but had a breakdown and was unable to finish. John visits the local church, and visits Daniel’s sister. In the end, he plays taps at Daniel’s funeral while still coming to terms with his own, different, choices.
The Devil You Know
Authors: Wiseman David ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: July 2021

Is there a moral obligation to always confront evil? Can evil ever be given the chance to live in peace? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, the narrator is walking down a small-town street when he comes across the devil, relaxing on vacation for the holidays. The narrator knows it is the devil because of his horns and goat legs. He also has a few small demon children in tow. The narrator, surprised, stops the devil to talk to him. The devil is cordial and says he has outsourced most of the “hell work” and spends his time traveling around the world moving from place to place. He likes the small towns during the holidays and enjoys the peace and quiet. The narrator feels he should do something, perhaps confront the devil, rather than allowing him to exist in peace. Finally, the narrator has second thoughts, in part because he doesn’t have a suitable weapon. The devil and his children continue in peace on their way.
The Book of Approved Words
Authors: Pienton W. M. ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: July 2021

Can you change your thoughts by changing your words? Do you have an obligation to speak the truth, even a politically incorrect one? In this work of philosophical short fiction, the narrator is a government approved writer. His job is to update published works by deleting words that have been made illegal; words like Easter, retard, and faggot. Words that might offend anyone. The narrator leaves his office to pick up the newest edition of the Bureau’s Book Of Approved Words. Of course, in getting the new edition, he must turn in the old edition. The narrator goes home, frustrated. Each year, it seems, there are less and less words. The narrator finds his brother-in-hiding, Silas, waiting in his house. He works with the Freedom Of Speech Movement and has a request, he would like a copy of the old banned books the narrator received from his grandfather that he keeps hidden. They plan to upload the books to the net for others to read. The next day the narrator is reassigned from writing movie reviews to writing music reviews because he wrote one to many “anything-but-glowing,” movie reviews. He agrees to provide an earlier edition of a dictionary to his brothers group. The narrator submits the old edition dictionary to be published on the net, his career has come to an end. He is now an outlaw too.
El De viduis, de Ambrosio, y el De bono viduitatis, de Agustín
Authors: Grossi Vittorino ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

The article addresses the figure of Widows in the ancient Church, making a brief summary of the literature that exists on them in the Pre-Nicene era, particularly the Apostolic Traditio, the Didascalia Apostolorum, the Ecclesiastical Constitution of the Apostles (also known as Canons of the Apostles, Egyptian Apostolic Constitution), showing that in the Pre-Nicene Church (1st-2nd centuries), widows were inserted into an ecclesial coetus. Subsequently, the article focuses on Ambrose’s De uiduis, highlighting how the Bishop of Milan inserted the widow into the Church’s life of his time, particularly underlining the works of charity they carried out, stressing their possible work in the reconciliation of women. Later, the treatise of Saint Augustine De bono uiduitatis is addressed, highlighting the role of charity that they exercised within the Church of Hippo, as well as their interaction and integration with the Consecrated Virgins and the Married.
¿La gracia del mérito o el mérito de la gracia? Retórica de la imagen y ambigüedad en los 'sermones' de Agustín
Authors: Irízar Pablo ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

The interplay between grace and merit is a recurrent Augustinian theme that is often discussed in polemical or theoretical works. Only recently has scholarly attention turned to the study of grace and merit in Augustine’s pastoral praxis. As part of this ongoing effort, the present paper offers an analysis of Augustine’s rhetoric of the image in the sermons, with special attention to the effects that the preacher/hearer dialectic produces in the social ‘moral imagination’. It is argued that Augustine’s dialectic preaching on the interplay between grace and freedom results in ambiguity concerning the sphere and boundaries of moral action in the hearer’s ‘moral imagination’. The implication on the social imagination, it is concluded, is a constant fluidity in the foreground of moral agency which either empowers or constraints the boundaries of moral action to the extent that graceand/or merit are emphasized.
Reflexiones sobre la paz en el libro XIX del 'De ciuitate Dei' de san Agustín
Authors: Pacioni Virgilio ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

The article focuses on Book XIX of Saint Augustine’s De ciuitate Dei, and states that peace is not a simple moral call, but a primary tendency of human nature. It briefly reviews the influence of Varro’s anthropological doctrine in S. Augustine’s De ciuitate Dei, highlighting the prima naturae, particularly the appetitus actionis whose finis would be precisely the pax. It is also pointed out that a complete peace cannot be achieved in earthly life, linking the concept of peace with that of ordo. The polysemic character of peace is also highlighted. It also presents that despite of the conflict that exists between the ciuitas terrena and the ciuitas Dei in the time of history, there can be a dialogue and collaboration between them to seek the common interest of social peace. In a second part, it presents the relationship between the ciuitas Dei and the laws of the earthly states, distinguishing the religious and the earthly realms, illustrating this distinction with the position of Saint Augustine in the conflict with the Donatists and the Imperial Laws. Finally, a reflection on the positive law and the eternal law is presented.
The Uncanny Body
Authors: Kozin Alexander ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

In this essay I explore a possibility of experiential synthesis of the medicalized abnormal body with its aesthetic images. A personal narrative about meeting extreme abnormality serves as an introduction into theorizing aesthetic abnormality. The essay builds its argument on the phenomenological grounds; I therefore approach corporeality with Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. In turn, Max Ernst introduces an aesthetic frame for the subsequent examination of uncanny surreality. Two exemplars of the surreal body, Joel Witkins "Satiro" and Don DeLillds "Body Artist," intend to substantiate the preceding theoretic. The study shows how the encounter with the abnormal embodiment may suspend normalized modes of constitution to provoke uncanny experiences.
Pre-Reflective Self-Consciousness
Authors: Legrand Dorothée ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

Empirical and experiential investigations allow the distinction between observational and non-observational forms of subjective bodily experiences. From a first-person perspective, the biological body can be (1) an "opaque body" taken as an intentional object of observational consciousness, (2) a "performative body" pre-reflectively experienced as a subject/agent, (3) a "transparent body" pre-reflectively experienced as the bodily mode of givenness of objects in the external world, or (4) an "invisible body" absent from experience. It is proposed that pre-reflective bodily experiences rely on sensori-motor integrative mechanisms that process information on the external world in a self relative way. These processes are identification-free in that the self is not identified as an object of observation. Moreover, it is defended that observational self-consciousness must be grounded on such identification-free processes and pre-reflective forms of bodily experience.
Friendship Across Differences
Authors: Elkholy Sharin N. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the possibility of friendship across differences in Richard Wright's Native Son by examining the protagonist's relationship to three pivotal white characters in the text. Through the application to Native Son of a theory of friendship I cull from Heidegger's discussion of care in Being and Time, I offer a model for relationships whereby radically different individuals may approach each other across across spite of differences. In putting Heidegger and Wright into dialogue I both shed light on the intricacies of inter-subjective relations depicted by Wright as well as give depth to an obscure passage regarding inter-subjective relations in Heidegger's Being and Time.
On the Central Motivation of Dostoevsky's Novels
Authors: Cicovacki Predrag ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

This essay analyzes Marcel Proust's claim that "Crime and Punishment" could be the title of all of Dostoevskys novels. Although Proust reveals some important points regarding the motivation for Dostoevskys writings, his account is also inadequate in some relevant respects. For example, while Proust calls our attention to what happens to victimizers, he ignores the perspective of victims; thus Ivan Karamazovs challenge remains unaccounted for in Proust's interpretation. More importantly Proust does not account for Dostoevsky's optimism, which, in connection with his realism, is the central aspect of Dostoevsky novelistic and philosophical approach.
Against Violent Objects
Authors: Terezakis Kate ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

This study rationally reconstructs Novalis's linguistic theory. It traces Novaliss assessment of earlier linguistic debates, illustrates Novaliss transformation of their central questions and uncovers Novaliss unique methodological proposal. It argues that in his critical engagement with Idealism, particularly regarding problems of representation and regulative positing, Novalis recognizes the need for both a philosophy of language and the artistic language designed to execute it. The paper contextualizes Novalis's linguistic appropriation and repudiation of Kant and explains how, even while Novaliss linguistic theory issues Kantianism such a challenge, it also begins to demonstrate the application of Kantian designs to linguistic philosophy. The modernity and potential of Novaliss proposal is evaluated and its significance for discussions in linguistic philosophy and aesthetics is advocated.
The Artist's Study of Nature and Its Relationship to Goethean Science
Authors: Hoekstra Daan ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

Poet and playwright Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's scientific studies grew out of a disenchantment with the reductionist science of his time. He believed a more accurate description of nature was possible. Goethe's scientific method paralleled the methodology of art current in his era, and very likely arose, at least in part, from pre-existing traditions of knowledge in the visual arts. The study of similarities between Goethe's scientific method and the methodology of art couldprovide insights into both disciplines, and insights into the intentions that drove Goethes scientific studies.
Michael Polanyi on Social Order
Authors: Mullins Phil ,   The Polanyi Society
Published: July 2021

In response to the events of January 6 and the second impeachment trial, which made clear the fragility of democracy in the USA, several scholars whose work has appeared in this journal comment on one or more of the following questions: (1) What causes, epistemic and/or social, might Polanyi see as contributing to the incivility, rancor, and division that now characterize American politics? (2) What would Polanyi say about the events of January 6, as well as the events leading up to it? (3) What remedies might Polanyi suggest for rehabilitating our experiment in democracy?
A Polanyian Account of What Causes Incivility in Public Discourse
Authors: Cannon Dale ,   The Polanyi Society
Published: July 2021

In response to the events of January 6 and the second impeachment trial, which made clear the fragility of democracy in the USA, several scholars whose work has appeared in this journal comment on one or more of the following questions: (1) What causes, epistemic and/or social, might Polanyi see as contributing to the incivility, rancor, and division that now characterize American politics? (2) What would Polanyi say about the events of January 6, as well as the events leading up to it? (3) What remedies might Polanyi suggest for rehabilitating our experiment in democracy?
Rebuilding Responsible Freedom
Authors: Yeager D. M. ,   The Polanyi Society
Published: July 2021

In response to the events of January 6 and the second impeachment trial, which made clear the fragility of democracy in the USA, several scholars whose work has appeared in this journal comment on one or more of the following questions: (1) What causes, epistemic and/or social, might Polanyi see as contributing to the incivility, rancor, and division that now characterize American politics? (2) What would Polanyi say about the events of January 6, as well as the events leading up to it? (3) What remedies might Polanyi suggest for rehabilitating our experiment in democracy?
Revision of Ganomymar De Santis, 1972, a remarkable genus of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) from Madagascar
Authors: Triapitsyn Serguei V.
Published: July 2021

A rare fairyfly (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) genus, Ganomymar De Santis, 1972, is revised and rediagnosed based on both sexes; its males were previously unknown. This genus, which has remarkable structures on the propodeum and peculiar fore wings in females, is known only from Madagascar in the Afrotropical region. Its type species, Ganomymar dessarti De Santis, 1972, is redescribed and illustrated based on a non-type female specimen. Three new species of Ganomymar are described: G. caslot sp. nov., G. libertatium sp. nov., and G. zuparkoi sp. nov. The species are placed in two distinct species groups. A key to females of the four species is provided.
Flavonoids from aerial part of Algerian Ajuga iva (L.) schreb.: The HPLC-UV analysis and Antioxidant capacity
Authors: Boukada Fadhela , Meddah Boumediene
Published: July 2021

The study deals with the evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of extracts from the aerial part of Algerian Ajuga iva. Extraction of flavonoids was carried out by 85% of methanol, then the crude extract was successively separated with ethyl acetate, butanol, and water. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, reducing power, and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances assays. Extracts are subject to HPLC-UV analysis. The average total phenol contents of extracts vary between 3.87 ± 0.17 and 149.74 ± 3.94 (gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry extract). Furthermore, tested extracts exhibited a broad range of flavonoid contents varying from 1.54 ± 0.09 to 41.18 ± 1.03 (catechin equivalent per gram of dry extract). Butanol and ethyl acetate fractions displayed the highest antioxidant activity. A good correlation between the phenolic and flavonoid contents and the antioxidant activity was observed. Rutin, caffeic acid, quercetin, p-coumaric acid, luteolin, and cinnamic acid were present in the extracts. The plant could be a potential source of antioxidant agents.
Endolithic phototrophs: Examples from cave-like environments
Authors: Popović Slađana , Nikolić Nataša , Predojević Dragana , Jakovljević Olga , Rađa Tonči , Anđelković Ana , Subakov-Simić Gordana
Published: July 2021

Endoliths are more frequently found in extremely harsh environments, but they can inhabit mesic climate and subterranean habitats as well. Whether they are adapted to life inside rocks or do they seek refuge in this way, remains largely unknown for caves and pits. Consequently, subterranean habitats in limestone areas, were explored: three caves in Serbia (Cerjanska, Petnička and Potpeć) and one pit in Croatia (Keranova Golubinka). Sampling of rock substratum containing endoliths was performed at various distances from the entrance, at sites characterized by a lower level of light intensity. Phototrophs were separated from the rock matrix using 10% hydrochloric acid and analyzed using light microscopy. In general, low diversity of endoliths was observed, but representatives from Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta and Xanthophyta were found. Cyanobacteria, more precisely coccoid forms (genera Aphanocapsa, Chroococcidiopsis, Gloeocapsa, Gloeocapsopsis, Synechococcus), were dominant. The most interesting cyanobacterial taxon, Leptolyngbya-like taxon, representing a true endolith (euendolith), was found in the Petnička Cave. This taxon and its relation to the substratum, as well as chasmoendolithic community from the Keranova Golubinka Pit, were observed using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that chasmoendoliths inhabit already existing surface rock cracks and fissures, while a true endolith actively bores into the substratum. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) was performed to observe the similarity between the sampling sites. Endoliths can grow inside the rocks, making them very successful biodeteriogens, which is not a desirable trait for caves and pits that are characterized by various attractive geomorphological features that need to be preserved. Thus, considering these habitats, more attention should be paid to the endolith community in the future.
Comments on ('Saopštenja') of the new school (of architecture)
Authors: Mladenović Milorad
Published: July 2021

The comments on 'Saopštenja'(Informer - Notices) of the New school (of architecture) represent the analysis of the publication of a group of bulletins which during the period of 1970/1971 was edited by the Tripartite Committee of the Assembly of the Working Community of the Faculty of Architecture (as abbreviated The Board for the New School), with the intention of presenting to the public the process of tuition reform at the Faculty of Architecture. Being the Dean and the Chairman of the Committee at that time, Prof. Bogdan Bogdanović was the most significant participant in the reform process, and by that fact also the most responsible person for the contents of 'Saopštenja'. Today, these bulletins present the most valuable documents of the reform process of that time which enables one to follow both the implementation procedure and also the scientific and theoretical aspirations within the field of architecture and urbanism which provided the orientation to the reform. Also, these bulletins in a rather interesting way present the beliefs of that time on which manner the tuition within the field of architecture and urbanism should be carried out, particularly in respect to the significant social, political and cultural circumstances of that period. At the same time, this analysis attempts to find out the causes due to which the tuition of the New school of architecture lasted for quite short time.
Space structures processed by the group supermatrix procedure
Authors: Zloković Đorđe
Published: July 2021

The shapes of natural and technical space structures may have geometrical configuration with symmetry properties that can be analyzed by superior mathematical modeling of the group theory, which has been shown in this paper by some aspects and results of the Author's group supermatrix procedure using the group supermatrix chain of the symmetry groups C2, D2, D2h and linear, rectangular, hexahedral and icosahedral configurations. This procedure formulates the analysis of structures composed according to definite space patterns with simple and complex symmetries, as well as symmetrized nonsymmetrical patterns, providing many qualitative and quantitative advantages in comparison with conventional methods.
Advanced development of space structures in domains of 3D transformation
Authors: Nestorović Miodrag , Mišković Vladimir
Published: July 2021

The emergence of the new architectural solutions and structural forms of Mengeringhausen, Tsuboi, Safdie, Foster, Calatrava and other creators of magnificent structures, may be taken as an initiation and explosion of inventiveness which has continued up to till present. Consequently, the topic of this paper is to show a part of broad range of structural systems which have not been sufficiently disclosed in Serbia and surroundings, in spite of their attractiveness in contemporary architecture, in terms of space transformations, materialization and technology. The basic properties of all analyzed space structures lies in their geometric shape (Archimedean and Platonic polyhedra, polyhedron structures, and bionic of structures as well), which applies regularity, symmetry, speed of mounting, as well as modularity of the original matrices. Solutions and analyses shown deal with multifunctional space matrices, which make its potential very important both in architectural design and in structural theory. The topic of this paper is to consider the development of matrix structure in context of architectural forms in future, emphasizing the importance of structural geometry and its possible applications.
Between being and becoming: The language of metaphysics in architecture
Authors: Almarza Anwandter
Published: July 2021

The use of platonic solids like cubes, spheres and pyramids, and a certain sense of "timelessness" are some of the most recognisable ways in which metaphysics has been interpreted as a formal language within the domain of architecture, particularly since the emergence of the avant-gardes at the beginning of the twentieth century. Starting by critically confronting different ways of interpreting this relationship, this paper proposes a specific phenomenological approach on the subject, focused on the analysis of the concept of timelessness and the possible theoretical foundations of its distinctive role in articulating the metaphysical expression in architecture.
Fruit characteristics of new pepper variety "NS Prva"
Authors: Danojević Dario , Medić-Pap Slađana , Glogovac Svetlana
Published: July 2021

Pepper (Capsicum annuum) is one of the major vegetable species in the world, and Serbia as well. The pepper assortment of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops includes varieties of different fruit type such as the bell, conical, kapia, elongated, pepperoni and tomato-shaped peppers. However, in the assortment of the Institute, there is no variety of sweet pepper with conical and hanging fruits. Because of that, we wanted to develop a new pepper variety with this fruit type and offer it to the market. Selected lines from one of the crossbreeding combinations were grown in the open field and the greenhouse area by the pedigree method in the period 2012-2017. Based on the phenotype, the most vital plants that had the desired characteristics of the fruit were selected. During the many years of breeding, a new pepper variety NS Prva was obtained. NS Prva has been registered in the Republic of Serbia in 2019 and from that period it has been on the National variety list. The fruits of this variety are about 150 g, have one peak, grow hanging on the plant, with light yellow colour in technological maturity, and red in full maturity. A new pepper variety NS Prva is recommended for growing in a greenhouse where it gives uniform fruits suitable for the market in all maturity stages. It can also be recommended for growing in the open field where it gives slightly longer fruits. NS Prva showed good storage ability three weeks after harvest since it had the smallest reduction in fruit weight during storage in a cold chamber
Variability and interdependence of characteristics of maize hybrids of different vegetation lengths
Authors: Krstić Miloš , Mladenov Velimir , Ovuka Jelena , Stanisavljević Dušan , Mitrović Bojan , Krstić Jovana , Gvozdenac Sonja
Published: July 2021

Maize is one of the most important field crops with broad genetic and phenotypic variations. It occupies an important place in agricultural production in the world as in Serbia. The main aim of maize breeding is to obtain new inbred lines, i.e. to identify new hybrid combinations that will surpass existing hybrids in terms of grain yield and other important traits. The aim of this study was to examine the phenotypic variability of 10 NS maize hybrids of different genetic bases and maturity groups in agroecological conditions in Rimski Šančevi, to consider the interdependence of grain yield and other tested traits using PCA and correlation analysis. The obtained results indicate a significant variation of all examined properties except for the ear length. The significance of the difference indicated by the F test was confirmed by the Duncan test. Correlation coefficients indicate a significant positive interdependence between the mass of 1000 grains and the ear length (r = 0.698). PCA analysis provided a more complex analysis of the interdependencies of the examined traits and grain yield. The highest yields were achieved by hybrids that simultaneously showed high values of several yield components. Yields ranged from 11,210 kg ha-1 in the G-10 hybrid (FAO 600), to 14,790 kg ha-1 in the G-3 hybrid (FAO 400). In this study, hybrids of earlier maturity achieved higher grain yields, mainly due to drought tolerance. Therefore, the goal is to create drought-tolerant maize hybrids that will successfully endure the negative consequences of global warming.
PKB Zmaj: A new variety of winter rye created at PKB Agroekonomik institute
Authors: Đurić Nenad , Poštić Dobrivoj , Cvijanović Vojin , Branković Gordana , Đekić Vera , Cvijanović Gorica
Published: July 2021

For the last twenty years, in addition to breeding wheat, PKB Agroekonomik Institute has been working very intensively on breeding other real or bread grains. High-yielding, late winter rye variety PKB Zmaj has been obtained by the pedigree method by a simple crossing of genetically different parents from the collection of PKB Agroekonomik Institute: variety Rtanj and line PKB-R-105. This variety of winter rye combines genes responsible for very high yield potential, resistance to lodging, low temperatures and more significant diseases in the rye. Winter rye variety PKB Zmaj was registered by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia in 2018. With the use of optimal agricultural techniques, the variety PKB Zmaj has a high genetic potential for fertility and high adaptation to different climatic and soil conditions.
Occupancy of the highly categorized accommodation related to the changed conditions of demand: The example of the municipality of Vrnjačka Banja
Authors: Mladenović Dejan , Popović Ivana
Published: July 2021

The municipality of Vrnjacka Banja, which has an excellent tourist base, a good offer of accommodation facilities and a huge tradition, is certainly one of the "tourist" leaders, which is why the success of its business can be viewed through the prism of overall spa tourism business in Serbia. A review of the existing business of highly categorized facilities in the municipality of Vrnjačka Banja can serve to obtain a clearer picture of the position of similar economic entities in the Republic of Serbia, especially in spa tourism. After reviewing the motive base of this municipality, this research discusses the supply, occupancy and price of highly categorized accommodation in the municipality, before the outbreak of the pandemic and compared to the demand in the first six months after the outbreak of the pandemic. Based on the analysis of the business of highly categorized accommodation capacities in the first six months of the crisis, it was determined that despite big problems, they managed to survive on the market. State aid and the discovery of alternative forms of accommodation helped them overcome the crisis period until the return to normal business conditions.
The influence of planning on the development of innovation in small and medium enterprises
Authors: Vujičić Slađana , Ravić Nenad , Nikolić Miloš
Published: July 2021

Innovations are one of the most important factors in the competitiveness of the enterprises in modern business conditions. Innovation is defined as the process of creating new (and differentiated) value for customers in the market, which can create a sustainable competition advantage. The goal of innovation is to create more successful future of the company, but this success does not happen by itself, but a purposeful implementation of the innovation process is required - which requires, in the first place, the planning of all phases and sub-processes.
Ostomy and clothing: a primer on developing clothing for people with an ostomy
Authors: Brilhante Mariana Luísa Schaeffer , Babinski Júnior Valdecir , Carvalho Mariana Moreira , Silveira Icléia , Rosa Lucas da
Published: July 2021

The ostomy can be understood as a surgery that aims to produce a new path for the exit of feces or urine from the human body. By empirical observation, it is believed that people with ostomy are unattended by the Textile and Apparel Industry. In this sense, this article aims to present the preliminary structure of a booklet for the development of garments for ostomized people. As data collection instruments, a bibliographic survey and a scripted and semi-structured questionnaire with 12 questions divided into two blocks were used: the individual and his stoma and the ostomized individual and their relationship with clothing. Methodologically, this article can be understood as applied, qualitative, descriptive and field research. The results obtained in the research were converted into recommendations and presented in leaflet format.
Creatividad: es momento de la ludorrevolución (#playfulrevolution)
Authors: Pino Begoña
Published: July 2021

Según el diseñador Tim Brown, «parte del desarrollo de una cultura creativa dinámica consiste en dar a la gente tiempo y permiso para jugar». La creatividad es un talento con el que nacemos todas las personas y que algunas tenemos algo oxidado. Para activarlo, además de usar técnicas creativas, podemos jugar, modificar nuestro entorno y beber cerveza de una manera muy concreta.
The Relation Between Adoption of Information and Communication Technologies and Marketing Innovation as a Key Strategy to Improve Business Performance
Authors: Cuevas-Vargas Hector , Fernandez-Escobedo Rudy , Cortes- Palacios Hector A. , Ramirez-Lemus Lidia
Published: July 2021

Understanding how capacities and resources of companies are crucial factors to improve business performance and competitiveness is a major issue for academics, policy, and decisionmakers. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICTs) on marketing innovation as a key strategy to increase the business performance of small- and medium-sized Mexican manufacturing companies. A gap exists in the literature regarding the full understanding of the simultaneous relationship among ICTs, marketing innovation and business performance. For this reason, a quantitative approach and cross-sectional design were applied through Structural Equation Modelling, in which a simple random sampling technique and a self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data from a sample of 230 business owners in the state of Aguascalientes, Mexico. The results indicate that adopting ICTs has a significant influence on marketing innovation. Moreover, marketing innovation showed a considerable impact on business performance. Therefore, decision-makers must pay special attention to the adoption of ICTs, as they are of vital importance for the development of marketing innovations and competitive advantage. Decision-makers must also use their resources and capabilities in innovations that have an impact on the sales strategy, design and promotion of their new products as well as the redesign of existing ones to achieve higher levels of competitiveness.
Competitiveness of Price in International Road Freight Transport
Authors: Poliak Milos , Poliakova Adela , Svabova Lucie , Zhuravleva Natalia Aleksandrovna , Nica Elvira
Published: July 2021

Over the last 30 years, the competition in road transport has increased significantly. For a transport company to maintain its position in the road freight transport market, the knowledge of the accurate costs arising from the transportation process is an important tool in the current competitive struggle. Carriers quantify the transportation costs in the process of price creation using the routes utilization coefficient, also taking into account routes with an empty vehicle. The value is usually set as a constant in the range from 0 to 1. The purpose of this paper is to show that it is more appropriate and economically feasible to consider this as a variable which depends on the direction as well as on the time of the transportation. In this analysis, a twofactor ANOVA model was applied to actual data of transport offers to Slovakia from 18 different countries recorded on a daily basis in a period of one year. The analysis shows that the direction of transportation is a significant factor in the offer, and therefore it is appropriate to include this factor in the price creation. The results of this analysis are in practice directly applicable to modify the calculation procedures and thus gain a competitive advantage for the transport operator in calculating the transportation price. Using this methodology, the carrier can determine the price more accurately and achieve greater price competitiveness in road transport in the common EU market.
How Do Behavioral Aspects Affect the Financial Decisions of Managers and the Competitiveness of Enterprises?
Authors: Sedliacikova Mariana , Moresova Maria , Alac Patrik , Drabek Josef
Published: July 2021

Decisions of financial managers can improve the competitiveness of the enterprise. Decisions are affected not only by knowledge and experience but also by emotional and cognitive deviations in behavior. Considering the role of competitiveness, this paper investigated whether an effect of behavioral factors on the financial decision-making of managers can be shown, and if so, to what degree. The aim of the paper is to propose a concept, the essence of which is to determine the key systematically-occurring errors in the financial decision-making process of managers rising from the effect of the human factor as a basis of prevention of incorrect financial decisions. The issue was mapped in the territory of the Visegrad Four (V4) by means of an empirical survey by the method of a questionnaire. By evaluating the research, the methodology of statistical hypotheses testing by measures of association was used (contingency coefficients - Cramer’s contingency coefficient V and Pearson’s contingency coefficient C) and Pearson’s chi-square test. The results of the research allow the formulation of conclusions that expand current knowledge in the field of research. The main results of the conducted research are that the key behavioral aspects (cognitive, psychological and emotional) that influence the financial decision-making process of business managers in the V4 countries are love, sadness and hate. A concept was created from the achieved results, the application of which in the enterprises of the V4 countries can help managers avoid making improper financial decisions which could have a negative impact on the financial health and competitiveness of an enterprise.