bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma leitura epifânica do mundo: acontecimento e fratura no romance Perto do coração selvagem, de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Inácio Adriana Elisa
Published: April 2019

Tomando por base o instrumental teórico da gramática tensiva de Claude Zilberberg – sobretudo no que se refere à noção central de acontecimento – e também o conceito de fratura, concebido por A. J. Greimas, procuramos empreender um breve estudo do romance Perto do coração selvagem (1943), de Clarice Lispector, focalizando uma de suas passagens mais representativas, cuja natureza nos permite investigar o desenrolar de acontecimentos extraordinários, que ora se apresentam como rupturas bruscas e indesejáveis na trajetória do sujeito, ora como momentos epifânicos de contemplação estética do mundo.

Procuramos ainda evidenciar a maneira pela qual os ajustes tensivos efetuados pelo sujeito contribuem para o retorno a uma espécie de equilíbrio discursivo, suprindo as faltas e contendo os excessos resultantes do impacto do acontecimento extraordinário. Tais ajustes são de fundamental importância para o restabelecimento e para a manutenção da progressão discursiva. Por fim, nos esforçamos em demonstrar que fratura e acontecimento – noções que geralmente se assemelham sem, no entanto, se confundir, dada a dimensão essencialmente estética da primeira – são, no texto analisado, comparados e equiparados, proporcionando ao sujeito da narrativa um novo saber sobre o mundo. Esse saber constituirá a base mesma de sua identidade, determinando, assim, sua intervenção sobre o mundo e suas ações sobre outros sujeitos ao longo de todo o romance.
Sobre farpas e espinhos: dimensões tensivas de discursos xamânicos Hupd'äh e Desana
Authors: Ramos Danilo Paiva
Published: April 2019

Sentados numa roda para o consumo de coca, benzedores Hupd’äh e Desano conversavam, em língua Tukano, sobre o encantamento do espinho patogênico. Habitantes da região do Alto Rio Negro-AM, os interlocutores buscavam entender como curar um senhor enfermo atingido pela doença causada por espinhos de patauá que sofria com fortes dores nas pernas. Tendo como referência o campo de debates sobre o multilinguísmo e contato linguístico no Alto Rio Negro-AM, o presente trabalho parte da comparação estabelecida pelos próprios enunciadores entre versões em língua Hup e Desana de encantamentos xamânicos. A aproximação entre a etnografia da fala e a semiótica tensiva permite mostrar como padrões formais e temáticos contribuem para diluir a carga tensiva de acontecimentos que evidenciam comunicações e interações sociocosmicas. A análise permite a descrição do gênero verbal “benzimento” como sendo marcado por enquadramentos espaço-temporais que relacionam a mobilidade sociocosmica, a tradução de pontos de vista e a comunicação intercultural e interespecífica com animais, plantas e espíritos. Pretende-se, assim, evidenciar em que medida tomar o discurso xamânico como uma matriz de difusão linguística pode ser fundamental para entender melhor as dinâmicas e processos de contato e mudança linguísticas no Alto Rio Negro.
Semiótica tensiva e psicanálise: o andamento na sessão analítica
Authors: Zerbinatti Bruna Paola
Published: April 2019

Este trabalho se propõe a realizar uma intersecção entre Semiótica Tensiva e Psicanálise, verificando como o conceito de andamento de Claude Zilberberg pode ser visto em sessões de análise. Para tanto, inicia-se uma discussão sobre as aproximações entre Zilberberg e Freud. Em seguida, uma sessão é dedicada à noção de enquadre analítico, campo em que a o conceito de andamento pode ser inserido, para, posteriormente, realizar-se o estudo do andamento em sessões de análise por meio de vinhetas clínicas.
La poétique de l’image selon Bachelard
Authors: Zilberberg Claude
Published: April 2019

Ce travail propose une interprétation de la Poétique de l’espace (1957) de Gaston Bachelard. Dans sa discussion de l’ouvrage du philosophe, Claude Zilberberg met à contribution des concepts fondamentaux de la sémiotique tensive dans ses développements de la toute dernière phase, dont notamment les « modes sémiotiques », à savoir le mode d’efficience (survenir vs. parvenir), le mode d’existence (saisie vs. visée) et le mode de jonction (concession vs. implication). L’auteur évoque en outre les subvalences de la tonicité, du tempo, de la temporalité et de la spatialité, de même que le rôle joué par les « styles syntaxiques » dans les choix opérés par les sujets de l’énonciation.
Feminilidade e a sistematização kleiniana: o corpo materno como palco da gênese psíquica
Authors: Klipan Marcos Leandro
Published: April 2019

Propomos investigar o tema da feminilidade presente no livro A psicanálise de crianças de Melanie Klein. Nossa concepção é a de que essa autora invertera a lógica clássica da constituição subjetiva do mundo ocidental: a de que o falo/masculino seria o ponto de partida para as diferenciações sexuais. A noção kleiniana de feminilidade que utilizaremos como lente para nossa leitura dessa obra nos permitiria, em termos epistemológicos, compreender melhor como se fundamentou a concepção dessa autora sobre o materno e a possibilidade de suas revisões sobre o complexo de Édipo e a proposição de novos conceitos.
Amor materno e cuidado profissional
Authors: Ribeiro Fernanda Schmitt , Zornig Silvia Maria Abu-Jamra
Published: April 2019

Este artigo visa trazer uma reflexão acerca dos cuidados profissionais direcionados à primeira infância, especialmente os cuidados oferecidos por babás, tão comum no contexto brasileiro. Primeiramente, foi proposta uma discussão acerca da importância do cuidado para o desenvolvimento emocional do bebê, bem como as distinções existentes entre as relações que a cuidadora estabelece com o bebê, daquela estabelecida entre a díade mãe-bebê. Partindo dessas considerações, um estudo de caso foi apresentado. Este foi realizado com uma mãe e seus três bebês trigêmeos, acompanhados por uma observadora durante os dois primeiros anos de vida dos bebês através do método Bick de observação de bebês.
Inconsciente, linguagem e pensamento
Authors: Burgarelli Cristovão Giovani , Santos Dayanna Pereira
Published: April 2019

Este artigo pretende, a partir da elaboração freudiana a respeito do aparelho psíquico, discutir a noção de pensamento. Fundamentando-se na concepção de inconsciente que se faz presente desde os textos iniciais de Freud, ele tomará como questão tanto a capacidade racional, atribuída ao ser humano, depreendida do “eu penso” cartesiano, quanto o pensamento teórico. Após explicitar que o aparelho psíquico, para Freud, se constitui como aparelho de linguagem e de memória, buscará situar o que costumamos denominar como razão, capacidade cognoscente ou domínio científico de um pensamento como efeitos do inconsciente. Sob esse prisma, destaca-se o fato de Freud, ao desenvolver sua elaboração sobre o “inconsciente”, ter como objetivo apresentar uma estrutura particular que precede, abrange e justifica tais capacidades, e não indicar a ausência de consciência e de fenômenos psíquicos. Para tanto, parte-se do pressuposto de que o aparelho de linguagem não coincide com a ideia de um aparelho feito para a linguagem, mas um construído por linguagem – ele não existe sem linguagem e sem ser falante.
Escola e laço fraterno: reflexões sobre a proposição do educar para a sociabilidade democrática no Brasil atual
Authors: Souto Luís Adriano Salles
Published: April 2019

Tese de Doutorado na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.
A trombeta e os jogos
Authors: Cerqueira Fábio Vergara
Published: April 2019

O acompanhamento musical das práticas esportivas é uma característica marcante dos jogos na Grécia antiga, seja nos treinamentos, seja nas competições. Este acompanhamento se dava com instrumentos de sopro, especificamente, o aulos e a salpinx (trombeta). Amplamente representado na pintura dos vasos áticos de figuras negras e de figuras vermelhas (séc. VI – V a.C.), o acompanhamento das práticas atléticas com o aulos, sobretudo das provas que integram o pentatlo, tem recebido maior atenção dos estudiosos. Nosso objetivo aqui será abordar a presença da trombeta nos jogos, representada com frequência inferior no registro iconográfico, porém informada pelas fontes literárias de diferentes períodos, sobretudo do período imperial (nomeadamente, Plutarco, Ateneu e Pólux). Analisaremos as seguintes situações: acompanhamento musical de corridas (a pé ou de quadriga), contribuindo para marcar o ritmo; celebrações de entrega de prêmios; função comunicativa, pela divulgação de anúncios por intermédio da emissão de sinais; competições para trombeteiros, relacionadas à constituição de um perfil social deste músico-atleta baseado na força muito acima da média. Esta força superlativa, misturada com costumes bizarros, faz dele um tipo popular no mundo helenístico-romano
Memorial étnico: curadoria e reparação
Authors: Lourenço Maria Cecília França
Published: April 2019

O presente estudo objetiva refletir e questionar como em momentos extremos, a envolver afronta e luto clarificam-se especificidades em escolhas, seleção, disposição, organização, acolhimento, mensagens, enfim um conjunto de operações curatoriais. A contundência das situações origina variado espaço, reunião de objetos, que longe estão de serem casuais ou apenas miméticos. Denotam fissuras e desvios importantes para se captar signos e símbolos nos lugares em que se rememoram vivências, com destaque para Memoriais, pesquisa iniciada neste ano na Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo, junto ao Grupo Museu/Patrimônio
Silent Brain Infarcts Following Cardiac Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Indja Ben , Woldendorp Kei , Vallely Michael P. , Grieve Stuart M.
Published: April 2019

Background

Silent brain infarcts (
SBI
) are increasingly being recognized as an important complication of cardiac procedures as well as a potential surrogate marker for studies on brain injury. The extent of subclinical brain injury is poorly defined.

Methods and Results

We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis utilizing studies of
SBI
s and focal neurologic deficits following cardiac procedures. Our final analysis included 42 studies with 49 separate intervention groups for a total of 2632 patients. The prevalence of
SBI
s following transcatheter aortic valve implantation was 0.71 (95%
CI
0.64‐0.77); following aortic valve replacement 0.44 (95%
CI
0.31‐0.57); in a mixed cardiothoracic surgery group 0.39 (95%
CI
0.28‐0.49); coronary artery bypass graft 0.25 (95%
CI
0.15‐0.35); percutaneous coronary intervention 0.14 (95%
CI
0.10‐0.19); and off‐pump coronary artery bypass 0.14 (0.00‐0.58). The risk ratio of focal neurologic deficits to
SBI
in aortic valve replacement was 0.22 (95%
CI
0.15‐0.32); in off‐pump coronary artery bypass 0.21 (95%
CI
0.02‐2.04); with mixed cardiothoracic surgery 0.15 (95%
CI
0.07‐0.33); coronary artery bypass graft 0.10 (95%
CI
0.05‐0.18); transcatheter aortic valve implantation 0.10 (95%
CI
0.07‐0.14); and percutaneous coronary intervention 0.06 (95%
CI
0.03‐0.14). The mean number of
SBI
s per patient was significantly higher in the transcatheter aortic valve implantation group (4.58 ± 2.09) compared with both the aortic valve replacement group (2.16 ± 1.62,
P
=0.03) and the percutaneous coronary intervention group (1.88 ± 1.02,
P
=0.03).

Conclusions

SBI
s are a very common complication following cardiac procedures, particularly those involving the aortic valve. The high frequency of
SBI
s compared with strokes highlights the importance of recording this surrogate measure in cardiac interventional studies. We suggest that further work is required to standardize reporting in order to facilitate the use of
SBI
s as a routine outcome measure.
A new species of the diverse Cretaceous genus Cretevania Rasnitsyn, 1975 (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) from Spanish amber
Authors: LA FUENTE RICARDO PÉREZ-DE , PEÑALVER ENRIQUE , ORTEGA-BLANCO JAIME
Published: April 2019

Cretevania soplaensis nov. sp. is described from the Early Cretaceous (Albian) amber from El Soplao (Rábago, Cantabria, northern Spain). Although the studied specimen is incomplete, its preserved parts permit us to distinguish it from the previously described species. A discussion about probable sexual dimorphism in Cretevania and possible consequences for the identification of new species based on specimens of unknown or uncertain sex is included.
The genus Biroia Szépligeti, 1900 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Agathidinae) in China, with description of two new species
Authors: TANG PU , LIU ZHEN , CHEN XUE-XIN
Published: April 2019

Three Chinese species of Biroia Szépligeti, 1900 are recognized. Two new species, B. hirsutus sp. nov., B. baishanzuensis sp. nov., are described and illustrated. A new synonym is proposed, B. bicolor (Wang, 1984) with B. taeniocauda (Enderlein, 1920). A key to the Chinese species of the genus Biroia is provided.
A revision of the genera Anilaroides Théry, 1934, stat. nov. and Tetragonoschema Thomson, 1857 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Buprestinae: Anthaxiini)
Authors: BÍLÝ SVATOPLUK
Published: April 2019

A taxonomic revision of the genera Tetragonoschema Thomson, 1857 and Anilaroides Théry, 1934, stat. nov., with the descriptions of the subgenus Patagoschema subgen. nov. and  two new species: Tetragonoschema (T.) barriesi sp. nov. (Paraguay) and T. (P.) cobosi sp. nov. (Argentina). Representatives of all the included species and their male genitalia are illustrated and all species are keyed. Taxonomic history of the genera is given and all available data concerning their bionomy are compiled.
Description of the male, redescription of the female and new records of Odo patricius Simon, 1900 (Araneae: Zoridae)
Authors: TAUCARE-RIOS ANDRES , BRESCOVIT ANTONIO D.
Published: April 2019

The family Zoridae (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1893) is currently represented by 14 genera and 79 species distributed worldwide (Platnick, 2012), of which only the genera Xenoctenus Mello-Leitão, 1938 and Odo Keyserling, 1887 are present in Americas. Xenoctenus is represented by four species, all endemic to Argentina, while Odo has, so far, a total of 27 species distributed in Central America, South America, West Indies and Australia (Platnick, 2012). The type species of Odo is O. lenis Keyserling, 1887, a specimen female described from Nicaragua. The genus Odo has never been revised and given its wide distribution and number of species, it is probably a polyphyletic genus and a complete revision is required. Also, no new material of O. lenis or O. patricius has been described since 1900.
First stage larva of the lobster shrimp Allaxius princeps (Boas, 1880) (Decapoda: Axiidea: Axiidae) obtained in the laboratory
Authors: KORNIENKO ELENA S. , KORN OLGA M.
Published: April 2019

First stage larva of the lobster shrimp Allaxius princeps (Boas, 1880) (Decapoda: Axiidea: Axiidae) obtained from theovigerous female is described and illustrated for the first time. It is the first description of the larva of lobster shrimp fromWest Pacific. Zoea I of A. princeps is characterized by the presence of four dorsal spines on the pleonal somites 2–5 andby the shape of the telson with a deep cleft but without a median process. Under these characters, zoea I of A. princeps is similar to the first larva of Axiopsis serratifrons.
Description of a second species of Gymnoxenisthmus from the Red Sea (Teleostei: Gobioidei: Xenisthmidae)
Authors: GILL ANTHONY C. , BOGORODSKY SERGEY V. , MAL AHMAD O.
Published: April 2019

Gymnoxenisthmus flavicinctus n. sp. is described from the 20.2 mm SL holotype collected from Sharm Obhur, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, central Red Sea. It differs from the holotype and only known specimen of its congener G. tigrellus in having entirely unbranched pectoral-fin rays (versus only upper two rays and lowermost ray unbranched), 17 (versus 15) pectoral-fin rays and 13 (versus 12) segmented anal-fin rays. It also differs in live and preserved coloration. The new species brings the total number of xenisthmids known from the Red Sea to five.
Idealized Modeling of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Response to SST Forcing in the Western Indian Ocean
Authors: Rydbeck Adam V. , Jensen Tommy G. , Igel Matthew R.
Published: April 2019

The atmospheric response to sea surface temperature (SST) variations forced by oceanic downwelling equatorial Rossby waves is investigated using an idealized convection-resolving model. Downwelling equatorial Rossby waves sharpen SST gradients in the western Indian Ocean. Changes in SST cause the atmosphere to hydrostatically adjust, subsequently modulating the low-level wind field. In an idealized cloud model, surface wind speeds, surface moisture fluxes, and low-level precipitable water maximize near regions of strongest SST gradients, not necessarily in regions of warmest SST. Simulations utilizing the steepened SST gradient representative of periods with oceanic downwelling equatorial Rossby waves show enhanced patterns of surface convergence and precipitation that are linked to a strengthened zonally overturning circulation. During these conditions, convection is highly organized, clustering near the maximum SST gradient and ascending branch of the SST-induced overturning circulation. When the SST gradient is reduced, as occurs during periods of weak or absent oceanic equatorial Rossby waves, convection is much less organized and total rainfall is decreased. This demonstrates the previously observed upscale organization of convection and rainfall associated with oceanic downwelling equatorial Rossby waves in the western Indian Ocean. These results suggest that the enhancement of surface fluxes that results from a steepening of the SST gradient is the leading mechanism by which oceanic equatorial Rossby waves prime the atmospheric boundary layer for rapid convective development.
The Diurnal and Microphysical Characteristics of MJO Rain Events during DYNAMO
Authors: Rowe Angela K. , Houze Robert A. , Brodzik Stacy , Zuluaga Manuel D.
Published: April 2019

The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) dominates the intraseasonal variability of cloud populations of the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans. Suppressed MJO periods consist primarily of shallow and isolated deep convection. During the transition to an active MJO, the shallow and isolated deep clouds grow upscale into the overnight hours. During active MJO periods, mesoscale convective systems occur mostly during 2–4-day bursts of rainfall activity with a statistically significant early morning peak. Yet when these rain events are separated into individual active periods, some periods do not follow the mean pattern, with the November events in particular exhibiting an afternoon peak. The radar-observed microphysical processes producing the precipitation during the major rain events of active MJO periods evolve in connection with synoptic-scale wave passages with varying influences of diurnal forcing. MJO studies that do not account for the intermittency of rainfall during active MJO phases through averaging over multiple events can lead to the misimpression that the primary rain-producing clouds of the MJO are modulated solely by the diurnal cycle.
Physical Understanding of Human-Induced Changes in U.S. Hot Droughts Using Equilibrium Climate Simulations
Authors: Cheng Linyin , Hoerling Martin , Liu Zhiyong , Eischeid Jon
Published: April 2019

Although the link between droughts and heat waves is widely recognized, how climate change affects this link remains uncertain. Here we assess how, and by how much, human-induced climate change affects summertime hot drought compound events over the contiguous United States. Results are derived by comparing hot drought statistics in long simulations of a coupled climate model (CESM1) subjected to year-1850 and year-2000 radiative forcings. Within each climate state, a strong and nonlinear dependency of heat-wave intensity on drought severity is found in water-limited regions of the southern Great Plains and southwestern United States whereas heat-wave intensity is found to be insensitive to drought severity in energy-limited regions of the northern and/or northeastern United States. Applying a statistical model that is based on pair-copula constructions, we find that anthropogenic warming leads to enhanced soil moisture–temperature coupling in water-limited areas of the southern Great Plains and/or southwestern United States and consequently amplifies the intensity of extreme heat waves during severe droughts. This strengthened coupling accounts for a substantial fraction of rising temperature extremes related to the long-term climate change in CESM1, highlighting the importance of changes in land–atmosphere feedback in a warmer climate. In contrast, coupling effects remain weak and largely unchanged in energy-limited regions, thereby yielding no appreciable contribution to heat-wave intensification over the northern and/or northeastern United States apart from the long-term warming effects.
Interannual Relationship between the Boreal Spring Arctic Oscillation and the Northern Hemisphere Hadley Circulation Extent
Authors: Hu Dingzhu , Guo Yi-Peng , Tan Zhe-Min , Guan Zhaoyong
Published: April 2019

This study investigates the interannual relationship and the dynamical linkage between the boreal spring Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the Northern Hemisphere Hadley circulation extent (HCE). The spring AO is positively correlated with the HCE, with one standard positive deviation of the AO index corresponding to approximately 0.42° latitude poleward shift of the HCE. The interaction between the planetary wave and the zonal winds over the subtropics results in an anomalous eddy momentum flux divergence, which shifts the HCE poleward. The AO related transient eddy momentum flux divergence makes nearly 2 times larger contributions than those of the stationary component to the HCE change. The increased equatorward transient wave flux over the subtropics is possibly related to the larger meridional gradient of the transient wave refractive index there. The AO positive phase corresponds to an enhanced planetary wave propagation from the midlatitude Atlantic Ocean to the subtropics, which resembles the North Atlantic Oscillation pattern. The autumn and winter AO–HCE relationship is similar to that during spring, while summer has the weakest relationship, which could be mainly attributed to the far poleward extension of the climatological HCE during summer.
Effect of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression on Lower Limb Skin Perfusion
Authors: Rithalia Shyam V. S. , Gonsalkorale Mahendra , Edwards Jack
Published: April 2019

Transcutaneous oxygen (tcPO2) and carbon dioxide (tcPCO2) measurements were used before, during, and after intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) to assess lower limb skin perfuson in 21 healthy adult volunteers and 23 elderly patients. The temperature of the sensors was set at 44 ° C during calibration and maintained throughout all tests. Resting tcPO2 was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in patients than in controls. In all subjects tcPO2 decreased and tcPCO2 in creased during compression. Patients showed a highly significant increase (p < 0.001) in tcPCO2 during and after the treatment. Results of this study indi cate that the symptomatic improvement, in peripheral vascular disease and wound healing following IPC, is not due to improved skin perfusion or enhance ment of oxygenation and CO2 removal.
Can Patients with Chest Pain and Normal Coronary Arteries Be Discriminated from Those with Coronary Artery Disease Prior to Coronary Angiography?
Authors: Mukerji Vaskar , Alpert Martin A. , Hewett John E. , Parker Brent M.
Published: April 2019

To determine whether the precatheterization clinical data in patients with chest pain could be used to discriminate patients with normal coronary arteries (NCA) from those with coronary artery disease, the authors compared 125 con secutive patients with < 30% stenosis of all major coronary arteries and 125 patients with > 60% stenosis of one or more major coronary arteries. Clinical characteristics that occurred more frequently in patients with NCA were: non exertional pain, pain to the left of the sternum, sharp pain, associated palpita tions, absence of typical relief with sublingual nitroglycerin, pain commencing less than one week or more than ten years prior to coronary angiography, a normal electrocardiogram, and negative results from a treadmill stress test or from thallium scintigraphy. However, none of these clinical features, either sin gly or in combination, could be used to identify the patients with NCA with certainty.
Flavonoids
Authors: Struckmann Jan R. , Nicolaides Andrew N.
Published: April 2019

Daflon 500 mg consists of 450 mg diosmin and 50 mg flavonoid expressed as hesperidin. The authors describe its effects on the microcirculation in chronic venous insufficiency: improvement of venous tone, inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, protection against free radicals, activation of the complement system, and increased lymphatic drainage. The authors summarize studies of its therapeutic efficacy in reducing venous capaci tance, distensibility, and emptying time; reducing capillary permeability; and increasing capillary resistance.
Effect of Prostaglandin E1 Analogue Administration on Peripheral Skin Temperature at High Altitude
Authors: Saito Shigeru , Shimada Hitoshi
Published: April 2019

The effect of prostaglandin E1 analogue on peripheral skin temperature was examined at high altitude, where local cold injuries are common owing to severe environmental condi tions. The peripheral skin temperature at rest was significantly lower at higher altitudes. Oral administration of the prostaglandin E1 analogue limaprost reversed this temperature decrease, probably by enhancement of peripheral circulation. The temperature recovery rate after a cold water challenge was also improved after the administration of limaprost. This oral type of prostaglandin E 1 analogue is strongly recommended as an effective prophylactic and therapeutic vasodilator for local cold injuries at high altitudes.
Cross-Sector Partnerships as Capitalism’s New Development Agents: Reconceiving Impact as Empowerment
Authors: Vestergaard Anne , Murphy Luisa , Morsing Mette , Langevang Thilde
Published: April 2019

Cross-sector partnerships are currently praised as capitalism’s key governance instrument to address development challenges. Although some concern has been raised about the effectiveness of such partnerships, little is known about their actual impact. Often it is assumed that partnership outputs transform straightforwardly into societal impact such as poverty alleviation. This article problematizes this assumption. Employing a critical micro-level study, which draws on a qualitative case study of a nongovernmental organization (NGO)–business partnership in Ghana, we examine how outputs provided by a partnership are put to use and perceived as beneficial from the point of view of its beneficiaries. The findings show that the partnership results in what we term “competences without agency” since it provides new resources and knowledge to the beneficiaries but fails to generate the conditions for these to be transformed into significant changes in their lives. Drawing on the concept of empowerment, we propose a new framework, which conceptualizes “impact as empowerment” and highlights currently unrecognized dynamics, which contribute to shaping the ability of a partnership to serve as a development agent.
Reasons Why Post–9/11 Era Veterans Continue to Volunteer After Their Military Service
Authors: Matthieu Monica M. , Meissen Molly , Scheinberg Aaron , Dunn Elizabeth M.
Published: April 2019

A myriad reasons exist as to why individuals volunteer to serve in the U.S. military. However, less is known about why these same veterans who have returned home choose to serve again in their communities. We aim to describe the lived experience of post–9/11 era veterans who shared their reasons for joining a civic service program after the completion of their military service. Narrative data from an observationally designed study of veterans ( N = 346) who completed a leadership and civic service program administered by a national nonprofit, was qualitatively analyzed. Findings reveal 15 distinct personal and professional reasons why veterans engage in civic service following the completion of their military service, with 84% of the veteran sample reporting wanting to continue to serve while 41% reporting that participating would aid in their employment transition from military to civilian life. Other personal reasons include wanting a sense of purpose (20%) and wanting to integrate and participate in a community (20%). The motivation to continue to serve is strong among those who have served in the military and offers implications for conducting research with community-based and federal programs for veterans, military service members, and their communities.
Farewell Letters II: Terminal Care for a Healthy Man. Or: Dancing the Last Waltz
Authors: Wittkowski Joachim
Published: April 2019

This qualitative case study describes the end-of-life care for a physically healthy, although psychologically dying man. The letters of Countess Moltke to her husband who was sentenced to death and executed during the Nazi regime were analyzed content analytically. Three content clusters emerged, namely, Caring, Comforting, and Providing meaning, all of which were stimulated by Attachment to the dying person and by Expression of empathy, respectively. It is demonstrated that during the final 6 weeks, her care was well adapted to the course of his dying. The findings are summarized by the allegory of the dancing couple.
Topical timolol treatment for periocular infantile haemangioma in the developing world
Authors: Jefferson RJ , Hildebrand GD
Published: April 2019

Infantile haemangioma is a relatively common benign tumour which often does not require treatment. We present a case of a segmental infantile haemangioma with periocular involvement impacting on early visual development which was successfully treated with topical timolol maleate 0.5% drops in the developing world.
An Item Response Model for True–False Exams Based on Signal Detection Theory
Authors: DeCarlo Lawrence T.
Published: April 2019

A true–false exam can be viewed as being a signal detection task—the task is to detect whether or not an item is true (signal) or false (noise). In terms of signal detection theory (SDT), examinees can be viewed as performing the task by comparing the perceived plausibility of an item (a perceptual component) to a threshold that delineates true from false (a decision component). The resulting model is distinct yet is related to item response theory (IRT) models and grade of membership models, with the difference that SDT explicitly recognizes the role of examinees’ perceptions in determining their response to an item. SDT also views IRT concepts such as “difficulty” and “guessing” in a different light, in that both are viewed as reflecting the same aspect—item bias. An application to a true–false algebra exam is presented and the various models are compared.
Push and Pull Factors in Adopting a Crowdsourced Delivery System
Authors: Punel Aymeric , Ermagun Alireza , Stathopoulos Amanda
Published: April 2019

This study explores push and pull factors affecting the adoption of crowdsourced delivery or crowd-shipping systems using a structural equation method. The core data used in this study are obtained from an online survey distributed among 800 individuals in June 2016 in the United States (U.S.) Analyzing the answers of 533 respondents, the direct and indirect effects of the personal attitudes, socio-demographic, and built-environment variables on the likelihood to be a crowd-shipper are looked at. The model suggests that crowd-shipping is more likely for men, full time employed, younger respondents, and for areas of higher population density yet lower density of employment opportunities. Concerning attitudinal motivations, the results suggest that financially motivated users are less likely to become crowd-shipping users, while community orientation and viewing the platform as a platform for helping relationships has only indirect effects on use. This leads to the observation that the early adopters appear to hold quite distinct, more critical, views of the ability of the new shipping platforms to deliver affordable and community-building service.
Applications of starch and its derivatives in bioceramics
Authors: Mastalska-Popławska Joanna , Sikora Marek , Izak Piotr , Góral Zuzanna
Published: April 2019

The recent developments in the area of using starch in ceramics cover such fields like ceramic powders synthesis, where starch can be a polymerizing agent in sol–gel method or substrate for carbon spheres in hydrothermal synthesis, traditional ceramics manufacturing in which starch and its derivatives are being used as binders, rheological modifiers or even strengthening agents, as well as porous ceramics and bioceramics where starch plays mostly a role of pore forming agent.

Due to the low dimensional changes occurring during the consolidation process, starch can help to control porosity of the bioceramics, which leads to better mechanical properties of the final product. Because of the gelation at low temperatures, it can be used as eco-friendly cross-linking agent for the synthesis of bioceramics, which shortens the process, as well.

The goal of this work was to demonstrate the reader a broad range of starch applications in bioceramics. Because of its eco-friendly properties, ability to transformation into different compounds or being a good source of carbon etc., starch and its derivatives found a lot interest in the area of bioceramics manufacturing. In this study, due to the amount of available materials, attention was paid to the works written after 2005.
Human rights v. Insufficient climate action: The Urgenda case
Authors: Leijten Ingrid
Published: April 2019

Climate change is a human rights issue, but what exactly can courts require States to do in this regard? This contribution discusses the Dutch Urgenda case, in which the Court of Appeals recently found a violation of Articles 2 (right to life) and 8 (right to respect for private and family life) of the European Convention on Human Rights and ordered the State to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 25% by 2020. Looking at the case law of the European Court of Human Rights on environmental issues, as well as the nature of positive obligations, it appears that Urgenda involves a more abstract situation and a more precise positive obligation than is usually the case in human rights adjudication. Because ex post facto complaints are no solution, and in light of the growing number of Urgenda-like cases pending before (international) courts, efforts need to be made to ensure that human rights `fit' climate change cases and courts can provide effective protection in this regard.
Dynamics of self-dialogue in the aftermath of trauma: A “fictional dissociation”
Authors: Barani Forough
Published: April 2019

In light of the newly developed approach of “Virtual Fictional/Factual Positioning” (VFP), I introduce “fictional dissociation” as a new concept for evaluating “fictional positioning” and the role of storytelling as a coping strategy in the aftermath of trauma. Traumatic changes can interrupt one’s story and harm or even disconnect self-dialogue. The particular direction that survivors may take after a painful event is one of the most delicate concerns regarding trauma. This article especially examines the dynamics of self-dialogue following a fatal traumatic experience and the ways in which “fictional dissociation” as an artistic endeavour can help the self cope with psychological problems. A fictional case study from a Paul Auster novel, Oracle Night (2003/2011), displaying symptoms of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (complex PTSD) is examined to establish whether the protagonist can develop a functional dialogical self through storytelling in the act of “fictional dissociation.”
Canine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. II: Antinuclear Antibodies
Authors: Monier J.C. , Ritter J. , Caux C. , Chabanne L. , Fournel C. , Venet C. , Rigali D.
Published: April 2019

The frequency and the specificities of antinuclear antibodies (ANAb) were studied in dogs with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and compared to those found in normal dogs and in dogs with various infectious diseases. Whole ANAb were detected by immunofluorescence. Anti-double-stranded DNA Ab were found in only 2% of SLE dogs, whereas anti-single-stranded DNA Ab were present in 21.4% of SLE dogs and in 26.8% of dogs with infectious disease. Antihistone Ab were frequently observed in SLE dogs (71%) and are essentially directed against trypsin-resistant epitopes of H3, H4 and H2A. The Western blots of nuclear extracts of HeLa cells were recognized mainly by type 1 Ab (30%, reacting with bands of 43, 36, 35, 34, 30 and 27 kDa) and by anti-Sm Ab (12%) associated with anti-RNP Ab. Anti-SSA and anti-SSB Ab were rare.
Regional Disparities in Social Development: Evidence from States and Union Territories of India
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Rani Ritu
Published: April 2019

The present study examines the regional disparities in social development in India by using social development index (SDI). The study used census-based data of 2011 including 28 states and seven union territories (UTs) of India. The study ends by ranking of states and UTs on the basis of development index consisting of 12 social indicators. This article also compares selected states on the basis of human development index (1981, 1991 and 2001) and SDI (2011) values. In addition, the study finds district-level SDI and ranks the districts of selected states, that is, Kerala, Haryana and Bihar. The findings of the study confirmed the northern–southern social development divide in India. The empirical findings show that Kerala is the best state among all states in India in terms of social progress. Results of the study confirmed huge disparities at district and states/UTs level in India.
Clientelism, Partyarchy and Democratic Backsliding: A Case Study of Local Government Elections in Bangladesh
Authors: Sarker Abu Elias , Nawaz Faraha
Published: April 2019

In a developing country like Bangladesh, the devolved local government system is widely recognized as one of the key institutional forms for the citizen-centric public service delivery system and ensuring democratic governance at the grassroots level. However, the democratic nature of local governments and their effective role in rendering services are contingent upon the political and institutional environments of the country. Competitive electoral process is key to local democratic governance. The purpose of this article is to analyze the implications of contemporary political order and institutional environments for the proper functioning of the Union Parishad (council), the lowest tier of the local government system in Bangladesh. More specifically, this study will reflect on how political clientelism, partyarchy and institutional environments have stymied competitive electoral politics at the local level which may result in democratic backsliding.
“I Don’t Feel Like I Have Any Control of My Life at All . . . Everything Overwhelms Me. Everything”: Analyzing Caregiver Uncertainty and Control Through Stance Marking
Authors: Strauss Susan , Kitt-Lewis Erin Ann , Amory Michael
Published: April 2019

Informal caregivers immersed in the daily care of loved ones at end-of-life stages face such challenges as medical and household issues, worries, doubts, and uncertainties. Using a macro-mezzo-micro approach to discourse, we analyzed parent study interview data involving 46 caregivers facing end-of-life realities. At the mezzo level, we examined caregivers’ expressed perceptions of control. We then more finely analyzed discursive expressions of affective stances pertaining to caregivers’ emotions and feelings, and epistemic stances pertaining to their knowledge and belief states. Theories of uncertainty and control inextricably interweave areas of cognition, affect, and behavior regarding how caregivers perceive their realities and how they engage in or disengage from coping mechanisms in the process. The findings in this three-tiered approach make salient specific discursive patterns gleaned from systematic and fastidious attention to caregivers’ own ways of using language that methodically afford deeper entry into the emotional, physical, and cognitive challenges in their everyday lived experiences.
Favoritism Toward Foreign and Domestic Brands: A Comparison of Different Theoretical Explanations
Authors: Balabanis George , Stathopoulou Anastasia , Qiao Jiayu
Published: April 2019

Five theoretical approaches can predict favoritism toward domestic and foreign brands. This article applies a contrastive perspective to examine social identity, personal identity, cultural identity, system justification, and categorical cognition theories and their attendant constructs. The authors propose a set of main-effects hypotheses as well as hypotheses related to both product and country moderation effects on attitudes toward and loyalty to domestic and foreign brands. They test the hypotheses on a sample of Chinese consumers with respect to salient brands from 12 product categories. The results indicate that three of the theoretical approaches examined can explain only one side of favoritism—most commonly favoritism toward domestic brands—but not favoritism toward both domestic and foreign brands. Consumer xenocentrism, a concept rooted in system justification theory, seems to provide more consistent predictions for both domestic- and foreign-brand bias.
Microencapsulation of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts with vegetable protein as wall materials
Authors: Osamede Airouyuwa Jennifer , Kaewmanee Thammarat
Published: April 2019

Moringa oleifera, often referred to as ‘miracle tree’ contains high amount of bioactive nutrients and dietary antioxidants, which help in ameliorating oxidative stress and degenerating diseases. However, the bioactive compounds are highly susceptible to degradation, and this may decrease the antioxidants activity present in M. oleifera. To prevent these limitations, the utilisation of microencapsulation technique is of necessity. This study investigated the effect of two vegetable proteins: soy protein isolate and pea protein isolate as wall materials for M. oleifera leaf extracts encapsulation by spray drying technique. Three inlet air temperatures (140, 160, and 180 ℃) and two different formulations of core:wall material ratios (1:4 and 1:9, w/w) were studied. The total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity, microencapsulation yield, morphology, colour, tapped and bulk densities, particle size, and storage stability of M. oleifera microcapsules were analysed. Moringa microencapsulates with pea protein isolate had better powder quality than Moringa microencapsulates with soy protein isolate considering its significant higher particle size, bulk and tapped densities. Moringa microencapsulates with soy protein isolate proved to be a better carrier of bioactive compounds of both total phenolic content and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activity at inlet air temperature in the range of 140–180 ℃. The total phenolic content and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activity tend to be the most stable compound. The storage stability of bioactive compounds of both Moringa microencapsulates with pea protein isolate and Moringa microencapsulates with soy protein isolate was better preserved at 4 ℃ compared to that of 25 ℃.
A complex case of haemodialysis induced increased intraocular pressure
Authors: Babiker Salma , Elsayed Mohamed E , Dhaygude Ajay , Madgula Indira
Published: April 2019

Purpose:

To describe a case of intraocular pressure fluctuation during haemodialysis in a patient with previously treated proliferative diabetic retinopathy and previous unilateral angle neovascularisation.

Case description:

A 63-year-old male with end-stage renal disease on maintenance haemodialysis and recurrent episodes of symptomatic intraocular pressure rise during dialysis sessions. Higher intraocular pressure spikes occurred in the eye with previous angle new vessels.

Outcome:

Topical antihypertensive drops failed to control the intraocular pressure. Due to multiple co-morbidities, options of medical management were deemed unsuitable; those included intravenous mannitol, systemic acetazolamide and intravenous glucose. Furthermore, modifications of his dialysis prescription did not lead to satisfactory results. As a consequence, the patient underwent trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. Adequate control of his intraocular pressure was achieved post-operatively.

Conclusion:

Intraocular pressure fluctuations during haemodialysis are not fully understood, and management can be quite challenging to the treating ophthalmologists and nephrologists. In this case report, we discuss some of those difficulties and different treatment options.
OSTRFPD: Multifunctional Tool for Genome-Wide Short Tandem Repeat Analysis for DNA, Transcripts, and Amino Acid Sequences with Integrated Primer Designer
Authors: Mathema Vivek Bhakta , Dondorp Arjen M , Imwong Mallika
Published: April 2019

Microsatellite mining is a common outcome of the in silico approach to genomic studies. The resulting short tandemly repeated DNA could be used as molecular markers for studying polymorphism, genotyping and forensics. The omni short tandem repeat finder and primer designer (OSTRFPD) is among the few versatile, platform-independent open-source tools written in Python that enables researchers to identify and analyse genome-wide short tandem repeats in both nucleic acids and protein sequences. OSTRFPD is designed to run either in a user-friendly fully featured graphical interface or in a command line interface mode for advanced users. OSTRFPD can detect both perfect and imperfect repeats of low complexity with customisable scores. Moreover, the software has built-in architecture to simultaneously filter selection of flanking regions in DNA and generate microsatellite-targeted primers implementing the Primer3 platform. The software has built-in motif-sequence generator engines and an additional option to use the dictionary mode for custom motif searches. The software generates search results including general statistics containing motif categorisation, repeat frequencies, densities, coverage, guanine–cytosine (GC) content, and simple text-based imperfect alignment visualisation. Thus, OSTRFPD presents users with a quick single-step solution package to assist development of microsatellite markers and categorise tandemly repeated amino acids in proteome databases. Practical implementation of OSTRFPD was demonstrated using publicly available whole-genome sequences of selected Plasmodium species. OSTRFPD is freely available and open-sourced for improvement and user-specific adaptation.