bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONTRIBUTION OF TEACHERS TO THE CREATION OF THE SCHOOL'S IMAGE: THE CONTEXT OF FACTOR INFLUENCE
Authors: Лещинский Владислав Олегович , Новичкова Надежда Михайловна
Published: July 2022

В статье поднимается проблема создания положительного имиджа образовательной организации школы. Внимание акцентируется на влиянии ключевых факторов развития имиджа. Раскрыт вклад педагогов в создание имиджа школы в контексте рассматриваемых факторов: экономических, эстетических, профессиональных, социально-личностных, а также их содержательных характеристик.

The article raises the problem of creating a positive image of the educational organization of the school. Attention is focused on the influence of key factors of image development. The contribution of teachers to the creation of the school's image is revealed in the context of the factors under consideration: economic, aesthetic, professional, socio-personal, as well as their content characteristics.
ECOSYSTEM - STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF THE BIOSPHERE
Authors: Карпин Владимир Александрович , Шувалова Ольга Ивановна
Published: July 2022

Теория экосистем - одно из фундаментальных оснований теоретической биологии. Она является важнейшим научным результатом применения общей теории систем к биологическим объектам. Экосистема рассматривается как структурно-функциональная единица биосферы. Описано ее понятие, важнейшие элементы функционирования. Сделано заключение, что экосистема является способом существования жизни.

Ecosystem theory is one of the fundamental foundations of theoretical biology. It is the most important scientific result of applying the general theory of systems to biological objects. The ecosystem is considered as a structural and functional unit of the biosphere. Its concept and the most important elements of its functioning are described. It is concluded that the ecosystem is a way of existence of life.
THE TROPHIC FACTOR AS A CONDITION FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF BOTTOM FAUNA IN THE SEAS OF THE EURASIAN SECTOR OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN
Authors: Иванова Елена Юрьевна
Published: July 2022

В данной статье обобщены и проанализированы условия существования гидробионтов в морях Северного Ледовитого океана. Определены руководящие биоценозы арктических морей евразийского сектора. Актуализированы данные по распространению зообентоса в арктических морях Северного Ледовитого океана.

This article summarizes and analyzes the conditions for the existence of hydrobionts in the seas of the Arctic Ocean. The leading biocenoses of the Arctic seas of the Eurasian sector have been determined. Updated data on the distribution of zoobenthos in the Arctic seas of the Arctic Ocean.
GEOLOGICAL AND TECHNICAL PREREQUISITES FOR THE SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF SIMULTANEOUS SEPARATE OPERATION IN MULTI-LAYER DEPOSITS
Authors: Деряев Аннагулы Реджепович
Published: July 2022

В большинстве открываемых месторождений содержится по несколько продуктивных пластов или горизонтов, от правильного выделения объектов зависит, в первую очередь, число сеток эксплуатационных и нагнетательных скважин, а также дебиты, допустимые депрессии, себестоимость добычи тонны нефти и другие показатели; следовательно, объем материальных затрат по разбуриванию и эксплуатации месторождения.

Most of the discovered fields contain several productive layers or horizons, the number of grids of production and injection wells, as well as flow rates, permissible depressions, the cost of producing tons of oil and other indicators depend on the correct allocation of objects, first of all, the number of grids of production and injection wells, as well as flow rates, permissible depressions, the cost of producing tons of oil and other indicators; consequently, the amount of material costs for drilling and operation of the field.
TECHNICAL DIAGNOSTICS FOR THE RESIDUAL LIFE OF REDUCTION HEADS
Authors: Богданов Роман Александрович , Бурлаков Константин Владимирович
Published: July 2022

Рассмотрели оценку остаточного ресурса редукционных головок с учетом условий эксплуатации при статическом и малоцикловом нагружении, основываясь на результатах контроля различными методами.

The evaluation of the residual life of the reduction heads was considered, taking into account the operating conditions under static and low-cycle loads, based on the results of monitoring by various methods.
INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF THE SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL OF G.I. CHELPANOV AS AN INFORMATION RESOURCE OF THE INTEGRATIVE BASE OF WORLD PSYCHOLOGY: ON THE 110TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL INSTITUTEON
Authors: Серова Ольга Евгеньевна
Published: July 2022

В контексте проблемы общемировой интеграции научного знания рассмотрены некоторые аспекты истории создания Г.И. Челпановым Психологического института в Москве как эффективной модели организации научного учреждения, направленного на решение комплексных задач, целостное знание структурных компонентах которой выступает неотъемлемым элементом общемирового информационного пространства.

In the context of the problem of global integration of scientific knowledge, some aspects of the history of the creation by G.I. Chelpanov of the Psychological Institute in Moscow as an effective model of the organization of a scientific institution aimed at solving complex problems, the integral knowledge of the structural components of which is an integral element of the global information space, are considered.
TECHNICAL CONTROL OF STORAGE TANKS FOR LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES
Authors: Богданов Роман Александрович , Кукрашев Владимир Сергеевич
Published: July 2022

В данной статье рассматривается методика проведения технического контроля ёмкостей, работающих под избыточным давлением, и расчет экономической эффективности с учетом нового назначенного ресурса.

This article discusses the methodology of technical control of tanks operating under excessive pressure and calculation of economic efficiency taking into account the new assigned resource.
Experimental and theoretical study of field-dependent spin splitting at ferromagnetic insulator–superconductor interfaces
Authors: Machon Peter , Wolf Michael J , Beckmann Detlef , Belzig Wolfgang
Published: July 2022

We present a combined experimental and theoretical work that investigates the magnetic proximity effect at a ferromagnetic insulator–superconductor (FI–S) interface. The calculations are based on the boundary condition for diffusive quasiclassical Green’s functions, which accounts for arbitrarily strong spin-dependent effects and spin mixing angles. The resulting phase diagram shows a transition from a first-order to a second-order phase transition for large spin mixing angles. The experimentally found differential conductance of an EuS-Al heterostructure is compared with the theoretical calculation. With the assumption of a uniform spin mixing angle that depends on the externally applied field, we find good agreement between theory and experiment. The theory depends only on very few parameters, mostly specified by the experimental setup. We determine the effective spin of the interface moments as J ≈ 0.74ℏ.
ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN D LEVELS IN CHILDREN WITH THALASSEMIA BETA
Authors: Ridha Sp. A(K), M.Kes Dr. dr. Nadirah Rasyid , Gautama Johan , Ganda Idham Jaya
Published: July 2022

Background : Beta Thalassemia is a genetic disorder inherited by autosomal recessive and has spread throughout the world, including Indonesia. Beta thalassemia requires lifelong transfusions, which can cause an accumulation of iron in the skin, liver, and kidneys, resulting in a decrease in vitamin D synthesis.Purpose : This study aims to analyze the levels of 25-OH-Vitamin D in beta thalassemia.Method : This study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from April to July 2021. The population of this study was patients diagnosed with beta thalassemia and non-thalassemia (controls) who met inclusion criteria. This study compared vitamin D levels in beta thalassemia and non-thalassemia patients.Results : This study involved 60 children aged 6 months to 18 years, who were divided into 2 groups: 30 children in the beta thalassemia group and 30 in the non-thalassemia group. In this study, the levels of 25-OH-Vitamin D were lower in beta thalassemia children compared to non-thalassemic children, with a p value =0.012. Children with beta-thalassemia have a 4.33 times higher risk of vitamin D deficiency compared to non-thalassemic children. With a p value =0.023, 25-OH-Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in beta HbE thalassemia children compared to beta thalassemia major children.Conclusion :Levels of 25-OH-Vitamin D in beta thalassemia children were lower than in non-thalassemic children. Levels of 25-OH-Vitamin D in children with beta HbE thalassemia are lower than in children with beta thalassemia major.
The Electric Field outward of Saturn's Main Rings
Authors: Paranicas C. , Roussos E. , Dialynas K. , Kollmann P. , Krupp N. , Hedman M. , Allen R. C. , Hospodarsky G.
Published: July 2022

Cassini data are consistent with a global electric field in Saturn's magnetosphere that points approximately antisunward. The inner radial extent of this field was initially established using Saturn orbit insertion data but measurements of ultrarelativistic electrons from that pass cast some doubt on whether the electric field reaches all the way to the A ring. It was not until the so-called ring-grazing and proximal orbits near the end of the mission in 2017 that relevant data were again obtained on magnetic field lines that connect to the region just outward of the main rings. Here we report on the energetic charged particle data during those orbits, showing that electron observations at a wide range of energies are consistent with an electric field that influences charged particle drift paths near the outer edge of the A ring. We include a very detailed analysis of Cassini's ultrarelativistic electron measurements (channel E7 in the text) and argue they provide no information about the electric field. This result further strengthens the case of several studies that have used the presence of the electric field to explain signatures of acceleration in the data.
Turbulence in Milky Way Star-forming Regions Traced by Young Stars and Gas
Authors: Ha Trung , Li Yuan , Kounkel Marina , Xu Siyao , Li Hui , Zheng Yong
Published: July 2022

The interstellar medium (ISM) is turbulent over vast scales and in various phases. In this paper, we study turbulence with different tracers in four nearby star-forming regions: Orion, Ophiuchus, Perseus, and Taurus. We combine the APOGEE-2 and Gaia surveys to obtain the full six-dimensional measurements of positions and velocities of young stars in these regions. The velocity structure functions (VSFs) of the stars show a universal scaling of turbulence. We also obtain Hα gas kinematics in these four regions from the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper. The VSFs of the Hα are more diverse compared to those of stars. In regions with recent supernova activities, they show characteristics of local energy injections and higher amplitudes compared to the VSFs of stars and of CO from the literature. Such difference in amplitude of the VSFs can be explained by the different energy and momentum transport from supernovae into different phases of the ISM, thus resulting in higher levels of turbulence in the warm ionized phase traced by Hα. In regions without recent supernova activities, the VSFs of young stars, Hα, and CO are generally consistent, indicating well-coupled turbulence between different phases. Within individual regions, the brighter parts of the Hα gas tend to have a higher level of turbulence than the low-emission parts. Our findings support a complex picture of the Milky Way ISM, where turbulence can be driven at different scales and inject energy unevenly into different phases.
CoSHA: Code for Stellar Properties Heuristic Assignment—for the MaStar Stellar Library
Authors: Mejía-Narváez Alfredo , Bruzual Gustavo , Sánchez Sebastian. F. , Carigi Leticia , Barrera-Ballesteros Jorge , Valerdi Mabel , Yan Renbin , Drory Niv
Published: July 2022

We introduce CoSHA: a Code for Stellar properties Heuristic Assignment. In order to estimate the stellar properties, CoSHA implements a Gradient Tree Boosting algorithm to label each star across the parameter space (T
eff,

log
g

, [Fe/H], and [α/Fe]). We use CoSHA to estimate the stellar atmospheric parameters of 22,000 unique stars in the MaNGA Stellar Library (MaStar). To quantify the reliability of our approach, we run internal tests, using both the Göttingen Stellar Library (a theoretical library) and the first data release of MaStar, and external tests, by comparing the resulting distributions in the parameter space with the APOGEE estimates of the same properties. In summary, our parameter estimates span the ranges T
eff = [2900, 12,000] K,

log
g
=
[
−
0.5
,
5.6
]

, [Fe/H] = [−3.74, 0.81], and α
M = [−0.22, 1.17]. We report internal (external) uncertainties of the properties of

σ

T

eff

∼
43
(
240
)

K,

σ

log
g

∼
0.2
(
0.4
)

, σ
[Fe/H] ∼ 0.16(0.24), and σ
[α/Fe] ∼ 0.09(0.08). These uncertainties are comparable to those of other methods with similar objectives. Despite the fact that CoSHA is not aware of the spatial distributions of these physical properties in the Milky Way, we are able to recover the main trends known in the literature. The catalog of physical properties for MaStar can be accessed online.
Data-driven Model of Temporal Evolution of Solar Mg ii h and k Profiles over the Solar Cycle
Authors: Koza Július , Gunár Stanislav , Schwartz Pavol , Heinzel Petr , Liu Wenjuan
Published: July 2022

The solar radiation in the cores of the Mg ii h and k spectral lines plays a significant role in the illumination of prominences, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), spicules, flare loops, and surges. Moreover, the radiation in these lines strongly correlates with solar magnetic activity and the ultraviolet solar spectral irradiance affecting the photochemistry, especially of oxygen and nitrogen, in the middle atmosphere of the Earth. This work provides a data-driven model of temporal evolution of the solar full-disk Mg ii h and k profiles over the solar cycle. The capability of the model to reproduce the Mg ii h and k profiles for an arbitrary date is statistically assessed. Based on selected 76 IRIS near-UV full-Sun mosaics covering almost the full solar cycle 24, we find the parameters of double-Gaussian fits of the disk-averaged Mg ii h and k profiles and a model of their temporal evolution parameterized by the Bremen composite Mg ii index. The model yields intensities within the uncertainties of the observed data in more than 90% of the reconstructed profiles assuming a statistically representative set of Bremen Mg ii index values in the range of 0.150–0.165. The relevant full-disk Mg ii h and k calibrated profiles with uncertainties and spectral irradiances are provided as an online machine-readable table. The model yields Mg ii h and k profiles representing the disk incident radiation for the radiative-transfer modeling of prominences, CMEs, spicules, flare loops, and surges observed at arbitrary time.
Entropy-conserving Scheme for Modeling Nonthermal Energies in Fluid Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Semenov Vadim A. , Kravtsov Andrey V. , Diemer Benedikt
Published: July 2022

We compare the performance of energy-based and entropy-conserving schemes for modeling nonthermal energy components, such as unresolved turbulence and cosmic rays, using idealized fluid dynamics tests and isolated galaxy simulations. While both methods are aimed to model advection and adiabatic compression or expansion of different energy components, the energy-based scheme numerically solves the nonconservative equation for the energy density evolution, while the entropy-conserving scheme uses a conservative equation for modified entropy. Using the standard shock tube and Zel’dovich pancake tests, we show that the energy-based scheme results in a spurious generation of nonthermal energy on shocks, while the entropy-conserving method evolves the energy adiabatically to machine precision. We also show that, in simulations of an isolated L
⋆ galaxy, switching between the schemes results in ≈20%–30% changes of the total star formation rate and a significant difference in morphology, particularly near the galaxy center. We also outline and test a simple method that can be used in conjunction with the entropy-conserving scheme to model the injection of nonthermal energies on shocks. Finally, we discuss how the entropy-conserving scheme can be used to capture the kinetic energy dissipated by numerical viscosity into the subgrid turbulent energy implicitly, without explicit source terms that require calibration and can be rather uncertain. Our results indicate that the entropy-conserving scheme is the preferred choice for modeling nonthermal energy components, a conclusion that is equally relevant for Eulerian and moving-mesh fluid dynamics codes.
Virtual Simulation in Clinical Nursing Education to Improve Knowledge and Clinical Skills: Literature Review
Authors: Purwanti Lina Ema , Sukartini Tintin , Kurniawati Ninuk Dian , Nursalam Nursalam , Susilowati Tri
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Nursing as a professional education must have a solid professional foundation to encourage nursing professionals’ attitude, behavior, and ability to carry out the nursing practice.

AIM: This study aims to review the effectiveness of virtual simulations (vSIMs) in clinical nursing education in increasing the clinical knowledge and skills of new nurses and nursing students.

METHODS: A literature review using the PRISMA method from the online database Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed with the keywords vSIM, clinical nursing education, knowledge, and nursing skills from 2016 to 2020.

RESULTS: It was found that 162 articles were found. Then, 25 articles can be reviewed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The reviewed articles used a quasi-experimental design. While articles in the form of pilot projects, literature/systematic reviews, qualitative, and descriptive studies were excluded from the study. Based on the review of articles, it was found that, on average, they discussed the effectiveness of vSIMs used in the clinical learning process in hospitals. It can be applied to new nurses and nursing students.

CONCLUSION: Virtual simulation is useful for learning new skills; practicing skills that combine content, critical thinking, and psychomotor elements; learning skills competencies, and the ability to make decisions. In the era of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, vSIM is a safe and realistic nursing education technology for nurses and nursing students.
Cognitive Behavior Therapy Lowers Anxiety Levels of Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic at Sikumana Health Center
Authors: Dafroyati Yuliana , Widyastuti Ririn , Suparji Suparji
Published: July 2022

Abstract
 
Background: Corona virus disease (Covid 19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Pregnant women are considered a vulnerable or at-risk group during covid-19. Pregnancy during the covid-19 pandemic can cause high anxiety for pregnant women. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) interventions used can prevent the occurrence of anxiety and depression of pregnant women. Aim: to find out the influence of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) of pregnant women who experience anxiety during the covid 19 pandemic at Sikumana Health Center, Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Methods: Quasi experimental design with pre design and post test design at Sikumana Health Center, Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The sample of 80 respondents consisted of 40 intervention group respondents and 40 respondents of the control group. Taylor Minnesota Anxiety Scale (TMAS) questionnaire was used as an instrument in this study. Intervention was held by giving CBT therapy for 10 sessions of meetings in an hour. The control group was given treatment in the form of minimum midwifery standard care (10T) while the intervention group was given therapy in the form of CBT and minimum midwifery standard care (10T). The control group was given CBT treatment twice a month in 10 encounters with stages of identification, cognitive restructuring, identification and correction and mind notes. The Mann Whitney Test was used as data analysis techniques in this research. Thus, SPSS was used as a data analysis application. Results: There was a significant difference between the pretest TMAS score and after the CBT intervention. There was a decrease in the level of anxiety, namely from the TMAS pretest score of 44.49 to 28.70 and the value Z pretest -1,769, Z post test -5,204 and p = 0.000 (p<00.005). In the control group, there was no meaningful difference between the TMAS pretest and posttest scores. Conclusion: Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) effectively lowers anxiety levels in pregnant women during the Covid 19 pandemic at Sikumana Health Center, Kupang City, Indonesia
Perceptions of Nurses and Midwives about the Implementation of Credential or Re-credential in Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital
Authors: Revi Hasmela , Nurhidayah Rika Endah , Sisjuanti Sisjuanti
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Credentialing is a process of evaluating nurses and midwives to obtain clinical authority carried out by the nursing committee at the hospital. The credential process has prerequisites in the form of documents that must be completed, namely, curriculum vitae, diploma, training certificate, registration certificate, practice permit, and logbook as a sign of the mentoring process from each level of nurses and midwives, who also serves as evidence that the Ongoing Professional Performance Evaluation process has taken place as well as the requirements to apply for a career advancement. Re-credentialing is a re-evaluation process for nursing staff and midwives who already have clinical authority to determine the feasibility of granting clinical authority.

AIM: This study aims to determine the perceptions of nurses and midwives about the credentialing process at the Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital.

METHODS: This study used a qualitative descriptive survey method. The number of samples as many as 12 people selected by incidental sampling. Data collection was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews with respondents during July 2021 in the nursing committee room. The research process consists of several stages starting from the stage of data collection, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.

RESULTS: The results of the study focused on the perceptions of nurses and midwives at the Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital which refers to their knowledge and understanding of the credential process at the Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital. This study found three themes related to the perception of nurses and midwives and midwives in implementing credentials at the Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, namely, the difficulty in making daily logbooks, several credential requirements, documents, or credentials that were asked to be collected repeatedly, and difficulties in managing them, processing time, and assessment in credentials.

CONCLUSION: The nursing committee is important to create efficient and up-to-date nurses and midwives document storage system, a more practical and capable nurses and midwives logbook creation mechanism, and a more effective and time efficient credentialing process mechanism.
Discovery of rare lecture notes from 1866 provides exceptional insights into the conceptualization and visualization of paleontology by Ernst Haeckel
Authors: Werneburg Ingmar , Hossfeld Uwe , Levit Georgy S.
Published: July 2022

Here we report on a recently discovered student script of a lecture on paleontology given by Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919). The script dates to the summer semester of 1866, comprises 63 pages, and provides an overview of fossil invertebrate and mainly fossil vertebrate taxonomy and anatomy. It can be assumed that Russian student Nikolai Nikolajevitch Miklucho-Maclay (1846–1888), who later became a famous ethnologist, did not follow up on the lecture, but took the content directly from the lecture and from the blackboard in his notes. Hence, the drawings by Miklucho allow direct insight into Haeckel’s visualization of paleontology in the 1860s. We place the transcript in the historical context of understanding paleontology in the second half of the 19thcentury and address the break between zoology and embryology on the one hand and paleontology on the other, which is typical for Germany, partly persisting to this date. For that, we illustrate Haeckel’s integration of paleontology as part of a holistic triad, with fossil research gradually taking a back seat to zoology and embryology over the decades.
Le pluralisme managérial en Afrique
Authors: Tidjani Bassirou
Published: July 2022

Cette contribution est une réflexion critique du débat sur la relation entre cultures africaines et management des entreprises. Le professeur Kamdem y a participé de manière très active. Cet ouvrage en son honneur nous donne l’occasion de poser des questions sur la poursuite de ce débat. Nous mettons l’accent sur deux points : le premier porte sur les orientations mêmes du débat et le deuxième porte un regard sur la manière dont les chercheurs africains en sciences de gestion pourraient lui donner une autre orientation.
Le pluralisme managérial en Afrique
Authors: Biwolé Fouda Jean
Published: July 2022

La responsabilité du manager dépasse le sens de l’objectivité confiné dans l’accumulation et la protection des avoirs de l’organisation. L’objectif de cette contribution est d’aborder la notion de manager, en contexte africain, au confluent des responsabilités objectives et subjectives. Ce faisant, nous explorons les littératures anthropologiques, économiques, managériales, philosophiques et sociologiques. Il en ressort que le sens de responsabilité du manager oscille entre des dialectiques objectiviste et subjectiviste. Cela consiste à créer, accumuler, protéger et redistribuer les richesses suivant des grilles d’arbitrage fondées sur la légitimité des actions en tant que produits des impératifs personnels et des exigences de la société hôte de l’organisation. Il en découle des implications épistémologiques qui réclament, au-delà de la posture positiviste, une inclinaison vers l’épistémologie pragmatiste, à même de révéler authentiquement le sens de responsabilité du manager à privilégier selon les contextes.
Le pluralisme managérial en Afrique
Authors: Saa Ngouana Roméo
Published: July 2022

L’enjeu de la reconnaissance du statut professionnel de l’agriculture en contexte africain rend pertinente une approche interculturelle des professions, qui prend conjointement en considération les exigences universelles de l’efficacité organisationnelle et les spécificités culturelles propres au contexte d’action. L’objectif de ce chapitre est de rendre compte de la réalité du statut professionnel du métier d’agriculteur au Cameroun. Dans ce pays multiculturel où l’ouverture à l’extérieur rend permanent le défi de l’interculturalité, le statut professionnel de l’agriculture, qui occupe 60 % de la population active, a encore du mal à être reconnu alors même que cette activité remplit toutes les conditions requises. Cette recherche rend compte du statut professionnel de l’agriculteur en tant que le résultat d’une construction permanente de légitimité, dans une coalition d’acteurs qui, malgré les représentions dévalorisantes du métier, héritées de la colonisation, ont mis sur pied des pratiques et des institutions « professionnalisantes », correspondant aux dynamiques endogènes et à « l’acclimatation » de modèles importés.
Le pluralisme managérial en Afrique
Authors: Etogo Gabriel , Tedongmo Teko Henri
Published: July 2022

Le contexte est une notion centrale de l’étude des entreprises et des organisations. Les auteurs de ce chapitre tentent d’en préciser les contours, afin de mettre en lumière sa pertinence dans la recherche sur le management en Afrique, tout en soulignant la nécessité d’éviter les écueils liés à sa mobilisation. Une telle approche du sujet s’inscrit dans la droite ligne des travaux de nombre de chercheurs, africains et occidentaux, dont Emmanuel Kamdem, qui entendent souligner l’impératif de contextualiser, aussi bien sur le plan épistémologique que méthodologique. Dans un premier temps, le texte explicite l’opportunité de « la contextualisation quant à l’environnement étudié ». Dans un deuxième temps, il insiste sur la nécessité de « décrypter le contexte africain » à l’aune de l’encastrement social des comportements entrepreneuriaux. Dans un troisièmement temps, il présente la Grounded Theory comme une démarche de recherche contextualisée. Et dans un quatrième temps, il met en lumière les enjeux épistémologiques liés à un tel cheminement.
Le pluralisme managérial en Afrique
Authors: Wong Alexandre
Published: July 2022

Ce texte met en lumière un axe interculturel de travail, initié par les recherches d’Emmanuel Kamdem, qui évite aussi bien de reproduire et d’imposer en Afrique des modèles occidentaux de développement, que d’affirmer des modèles africains irréductibles au phénomène de globalisation. Ni universaliste, ni culturaliste, cet axe de travail théorise et met en œuvre un devenir qui demande d’envisager une mondialisation (l’universalisation de pratiques) qui ne serait plus uniquement occidentale, et, dans un même temps, d’expérimenter ce qui fait la spécificité des pratiques sociales et économiques en Afrique. C’est à cette condition qu’il devient possible de mondialiser des pratiques africaines qui ne seraient plus simplement récupérées, muséifiées ou ignorées.
Les juridictions de l’Union européenne et les droits fondamentaux
Authors: L’Institut de droit européen des dr  , Maubernard Christophe , Blay-Grabarczyk Katarzyna , Milano Laure , Nivard Carole , Tinière Romain
Published: July 2022

Dignité sociale, droits collectifs, intérêt supérieur de l’enfant et respect de l’État de droit se partagent l’essentiel de la jurisprudence la plus remarquable de l’année 2021. Le juge de l’Union ne cesse de faire produire à la Charte ses potentialités, et poursuit l’élaboration de véritables « régimes prétoriens de protection », par exemple dans le domaine de la vie privée et de la protection des données à caractère personnel ou bien encore du droit à la non-discrimination. C’est la raison, aussi, pour laquelle le droit à un recours juridictionnel effectif constitue l’une des pierres angulaires de cette architecture. Cependant, derrière cette émouvante fresque, se cache aussi la volonté dans certains cas de restreindre le champ d’application de la Charte, tout particulièrement dans le domaine de la politique sociale, en retenant une interprétation de plus en plus restrictive de son article 51. À suivre…
Prestation de serment et liberté de pensée, de conscience et de religion
Authors: Ninane Geoffrey
Published: July 2022

La décision annotée de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme Shortall e.a. c. Irlande du 19 octobre 2021 pose en son principe la question de la compatibilité, avec la liberté de conscience et de religion consacrée par l’article 9 de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme, du serment religieux qui est exigé pour l’accession à certaines fonctions publiques de certains États membres du Conseil de l’Europe, lorsque ces États n’ont pas prévu d’alternative laïque à cette formule de serment. La présente contribution a donc pour objet d’examiner si cette tradition « historique » du serment religieux est encore compatible avec la jurisprudence de Strasbourg.
Le livre et le so(i)n
Authors: Cabral Maria de Jesus
Published: July 2022

Les frontières entre remèdes, médicaments et pharmacopée sont aussi poreuses dans leurs expressions littéraires que dans le champ de la santé, l’imaginaire autour de la médication, qui traverse les œuvres au fil des temps, constituant un exemple fructueux de cette convergence entre langage poétique et langage scientifique qui a intéressé Jean Starobinski, à l’avènement des humanités médicales. Le thème de la médication est appréhendé à travers quelques exemples permettant de rendre sensibles à la fois ses usages et ses sens. Il permet en outre d’interroger la notion de soin dans la dimension critique et pratique qui la caractérise aujourd’hui. L’auteure examine ses configurations et ses enjeux dans des cas littéraires au plus près de l’expérience vécue, ouvrant finalement la voie à deux approches reposant sur l’alliance particulière de la lecture et du soin : la bibliothérapie et la médecine narrative.
O segredo em espólio de medicina popular
Authors: Ribeiro Carlos Augusto , Guimarães Ana Paula
Published: July 2022

Les rituels magico-thérapeutiques (et les espaces où ils se déroulent) sont fréquemment entourés d’une aura de secret, de discrétion, de mystère et de silence. Les acteurs de la cure tirent parti de cela ainsi que d’autres facteurs : la suggestion et la surprise. Le recueil en question (par Michel Giacometti) constitue un témoignage incontestable sur le rôle du secret.
Le secret médical sur la scène comique de Molière
Authors: Dandrey Patrick
Published: July 2022

La médecine dans la comédie de Molière est d’abord l’objet d’un secret concret, celui du masque de fourberie dont s’affuble un valet déguisé en médecin par intérêt d’intrigue ; elle fait l’objet aussi d’une dénonciation de son imposture secrète, celle d’un savoir ignorant et profitable ; enfin elle sert à débusquer le mystère de cette machine secrète qu’est l’homme, impénétrable au moraliste comme le fonctionnement du corps l’est au médecin.
La maladie comme remède Antonin Artaud, le théâtre et la peste
Authors: Laplantine François
Published: July 2022

Cet article réinterroge la démarche tourmentée d’Antonin Artaud qui établit une relation entre ce qu’il considère comme deux expériences extrêmes : la peste et l’état de l’acteur sur la scène qui se transforme et est susceptible par son acte de contaminer « comme la peste » les spectateurs.
Upper Eyelid and Orbital Involvement in Congenital Infiltrating Lipomatosis
Authors: Galindo-Ferreiro Alicia , Marqués-Fernandez Victoria E. , Cruz Augusto V. , Chahud Fernando
Published: July 2022

Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face is a rare entity that has not been reported in the ophthalmic literature. The authors describe two patients affected by this condition. Diagnosis and management of congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face involving the eye adnexa is challenging and the psychological impact on such patients must be considered.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(3):e46–e49.]
A sharp Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality and its application to fractional problems with inhomogeneous nonlinearity
Authors: Bhimani Divyang G. , Hajaiej Hichem , Haque Saikatul , Luo Tingjian
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this paper is threefold. Firstly, we establish a Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality with optimal constant, which involves a fractional norm and an inhomogeneous nonlinearity. Secondly, as an application of this inequality, we study ground state standing waves to a nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) with a mixed fractional Laplacians and a inhomogeneous nonlinearity, and consider a minimization problem which gives the existence of ground state solutions with prescribed mass. In particular, by making use of this Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality and its optimal constant, we give a sufficient and necessary condition for the existence results. Finally, we develop local wellposedness theory for NLS with a mixed fractional Laplacians and a inhomogeneous nonlinearity. In the process, we prove Strichartz estimates in Lorentz spaces which may be of independent interest.
Medical visual question answering via corresponding feature fusion combined with semantic attention
Authors: Zhu Han , He Xiaohai , Wang Meiling , Zhang Mozhi , Qing Linbo
Published: July 2022

Medical visual question answering (Med-VQA) aims to leverage a pre-trained artificial intelligence model to answer clinical questions raised by doctors or patients regarding radiology images. However, owing to the high professional requirements in the medical field and the difficulty of annotating medical data, Med-VQA lacks sufficient large-scale, well-annotated radiology images for training. Researchers have mainly focused on improving the ability of the model's visual feature extractor to address this problem. However, there are few researches focused on the textual feature extraction, and most of them underestimated the interactions between corresponding visual and textual features. In this study, we propose a corresponding feature fusion (CFF) method to strengthen the interactions of specific features from corresponding radiology images and questions. In addition, we designed a semantic attention (SA) module for textual feature extraction. This helps the model consciously focus on the meaningful words in various questions while reducing the attention spent on insignificant information. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve competitive results in two benchmark datasets and outperform existing state-of-the-art methods on answer prediction accuracy. Experimental results also prove that our model is capable of semantic understanding during answer prediction, which has certain advantages in Med-VQA.
Numerical analysis of biothermal-fluids and cardiac thermal pulse of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Ng EYK , Cong Looi Leonard Jun
Published: July 2022

Abdominal aortic aneurysms are serious and difficult to detect, conditions can be deadly if they rupture. In this study, the heat transfer and flow physics of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) were discussed and associated with cardiac cycle to illustrate the cardiac thermal pulse (CTP) of AAA. A CTP and infrared thermography (IRT) evaluation-based on AAA and abdomen skin surface detection method was proposed, respectively. Infrared thermography (IRT) is a promising imaging technique that may detect AAA quicker and cheaper than other imaging techniques (as biomarker). From CFD rigid-wall and FSI Analysis, the transient bioheat transfer effect resulted in a distinct thermal signature (circular thermal elevation) on the temperature profile of midriff skin surface, at both regular body temperature and supine position, under normal clinical temperature. However, it is important to note that thermography is not a perfect technology, and it does have some limitations, such as lack of clinical trials. There is still work to be done to improve this imaging technique and make it a more viable and accurate method for detecting abdominal aortic aneurysms. However, thermography is currently one of the most convenient technologies in this field, and it has the potential to detect abdominal aortic aneurysms earlier than other techniques. CTP, on the other hand, was used to examine the thermal physics of AAA. In CFD rigid-wall Analysis, AAA had a CTP that only responded to systolic phase at regular body temperature. In contrast, a healthy abdominal aorta displayed a CTP that responded to the full cardiac cycle, including diastolic phase at all simulated cases. Besides, the findings from FSI Analysis suggest the influence of numerical simulation techniques on the prediction of thermal physics behaviours of AAA and abdominal skin surface. Lastly, this study correlated the relationship between natural convective heat transfer coefficient with AAA and provided reference for potential clinical diagnostic using IRT in clinical implications.
Examining disparities in the early adoption of Covid-19 personal mitigation across family structures
Authors: Harris Casey T. , Fitzpatrick Kevin , Niño Michael , Thelapurath Priya , Drawve Grant
Published: July 2022

The United States' response to the COVID-19 pandemic has relied heavily on personal mitigation behaviors versus centralized governmental prevention strategies, especially early in the virus's outbreak. This study examines how family structure shapes mitigation, focusing on the intersectional effects of gender, marital status, and the presence of children while accounting for differences in worry about infection from the virus. Using data from a national survey of 10,368 United States adults early in the pandemic (March 2020), survey-weighted logistic regression models show important differences in the likelihood of personal mitigation adoption across family structures. Unmarried women with children were most likely to report personal mitigation behaviors, including washing hands more frequently and avoiding social gatherings. Our findings highlight the differential impacts of the pandemic on those living in specific family circumstances.
Historiens et anthropologues repensent la diversité religieuse en Chine
Authors: Goossaert Vincent
Published: July 2022

La société chinoise est reconnue par les spécialistes de la diversité religieuse comme un cas remarquable de diversité ancienne et toujours très vivace. Pourtant, les travaux de sciences sociales portant sur la diversité religieuse en Chine appliquent largement des théories développées en Occident. Cet article présente l’état actuel des modèles et théories dans lesquelles est étudié le pluralisme religieux chinois et propose d’esquisser les développements les plus prometteurs qui rendent pleinement compte de la diversité religieuse réelle sur le terrain. Il développe notamment deux outils analytiques : les quatre dimensions de la société et les cadres liturgiques. Il montre ensuite que ces outils mettent en relief la forte propension de la société chinoise à la division régulée du travail religieux.
Ancêtre, dieu et « bodhisattva »
Authors: Macé François
Published: July 2022

À première vue, l’évolution des relations entre dieux autochtones et bouddhas paraît relativement simple : existence séparée, coexistence sans fusion, fusion, séparation tranchée et enfin coexistence pacifique. Cet article entend montrer, à partir d’un exemple précis, que la réalité était beaucoup plus complexe. La fusion, tout en ayant été précoce, ne fut jamais complète. Le dieu Hachiman apparaît, dès l’origine, fortement lié au bouddhisme et fut rapidement considéré comme un bodhisattva. Pourtant, son sanctuaire d’Iwashimizu est devenu le second des vingt-deux sanctuaires shintō les plus importants du pays. Par ailleurs, son assimilation à l’empereur Ōjin en fit un ancêtre impérial au même titre que la grande déesse Amaterasu. Le « grand bodhisattva » Hachiman fut aussi considéré comme la divinité tutélaire des guerriers. À travers l’étude des transformations successives d’un des plus bouddhéïsés des dieux indigènes, nous montrons que ceux-ci n’ont jamais perdu une part de leur divinité particulière.
Religious Identity and Contemporary Ritual Practices of the Cham Ahiér in Vietnam
Authors: Linh Mai Bui Dieu
Published: July 2022

This article is devoted to the religious identity and ritual practices of the contemporary Cham Ahier of south-central Vietnam (Bình Thuận and Ninh Thuận provinces). Contemporary understanding of Cham identity was derived from a number of groundbreaking works published by French colonial scholars. However, past thinking about the central role of “Indianized” religions (Hinduism and Buddhism) in the formation of Cham religious beliefs and practices was challenged by more recent publications focused on the growth of Islamic practices in the second millennium CE. Although the contemporary Cham community is divided into different groups that inherited these historic religious differences, the south-central Cham maintain a relatively high level of ethnic and cultural coherence through a reference to the concept of Ahier-Awal cosmological dualism, one which is heavily promoted by Cham intellectuals. This dualist concept helps transcend the religious conflicts between the Cham Ahier (“Cham Hindu”) and Cham Awal (“Cham Muslim”). This article describes the complexities of Cham Ahier religious identity through an analysis of their ritual practices. It approaches the Cham Ahier community and its religious practices within the broader context of the religious milieu, explaining how different sources of religious traditions were appropriated and intertwined, while, at the same time, acknowledging that there were also tensions involved in this process.
« Dix mille courants, une seule racine »
Authors: L’Hérisson Édouard
Published: July 2022

À travers un jeu d’échelles croisant les niveaux microscopique et mésoscopique, le présent article met en lumière la construction de la doctrine syncrétique de Deguchi Onisaburō, le cofondateur du nouveau mouvement religieux Ōmoto, au cours des années 1920. Il s’emploie avant tout à saisir les enjeux et les limites de ce syncrétisme en contexte impérial. En effet, malgré une ambition universelle et la constitution d’un réseau transnational fondé sur l’idée d’harmonie religieuse internationale, le discours syncrétique du leader ne s’en appuie pas moins sur un postulat particulariste qui place le Japon au sommet de la hiérarchie mondiale et souligne le statut de messie universel du cofondateur détenteur de la vérité divine transmise par les divinités shintō. Le credo d’Ōmoto apparaît dès lors comme un syncrétisme stratégique agissant tel un véritable colonialisme spirituel à même de soutenir l’entreprise impérialiste du Japon moderne.
Metabolic Characterization of the Badagan Constitution in Mongolian Medicine by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry/MS
Authors: Bao Xiao-Hua , Bao Li-Ming , Xiang Chun , Gerile Siqin , Qiqige Saihan , Xie Yu-Lan
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to identify the potential metabolic biomarkers of the Badagan constitution (BC) in Mongolian medicine. Serum samples from the participants with BCs (n = 32) and aggregative constitutions (n = 30) were analyzed by using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Meanwhile, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to characterize the endogenous metabolites and potential biomarkers, respectively. Fifteen of the 18 biomarkers in six metabolic pathways were significantly upregulated, including phosphatidylserine, sphingolipids, tryptophan, riboflavin and glutathione, and three biomarkers were significantly downregulated, including lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) (18:1), LysoPC (16:1), and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) (22:2). This study also implied that sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism played important roles in the BC. Therefore, metabolomics may improve the diagnostic efficacy of the BC in terms of the accuracy and comprehensiveness of a diagnosis based on this constitution. This result further reveals the mechanism of the constitution type in Mongolian medicine and provides a reference for the treatment of related diseases.