bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on Implications of ChatGPT on Teaching, Learning, Research and Innovation in the Higher Education Sector
Authors: Netswera Fulufhelo , Zungu Lindiwe
Published: February 2024

As of 16 March 2023, 26,222 prominent entrepreneurs and business executives had signed a petition to cease all Artificial Intelligence (AI) experimentation and training beyond GPT-4.”[1] The rationale for this intervention was to examine the impact of AI developments and whether they pose a major risk to humanity. The petitioners believe that current AI developments can compete with humans in almost all respects and caution that AI technological advancements can lead to developments beyond human control with a high potential to outsmart humans.
 Teaching and learning (T&L), research and innovation form the backbone of the higher education sector. Higher education institutions develop individuals' intellectual, operational and technical abilities for a functional society. By its definition, a higher education institution and a university in particular is a provider of facilities and resources that enable intellectuals and expertise to facilitate T&L, research and community engagement.[2] Recently, the question of community engagement viewed in respect of its earlier reference to the triple helix has been redefined into quad helix as “engagement” to embrace all “stakeholders”. Here, mutual T&L between the higher education sector and industries continues to increase learning machine technologies for operational purposes in agriculture, manufacturing, and packaging.[3]
Application of various machine learning algorithms in view of predicting the CO2 emissions in the transportation sector
Authors: Çınarer Gökalp , Yeşilyurt Murat Kadir , Ağbulut Ümit , Yılbaşı Zeki , Kılıç Kazım
Published: February 2024

This study applies three different artificial intelligence algorithms (Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Support Vector Machine (SVM)) to estimate CO2 emissions in Türkiye’s transportation sector. The input parameters considered are Energy consumption (ENERGY), Vehicle Kilometers (VK), POPulation (POP), Year (Y), and Gross Domestic Product Per Capita (GDP). Strong correlations are observed, with ENERGY having the highest correlation followed by VK, POP, Y, and GDP. Four scenarios are designed based on the correlation effect: scenario 1 (ENERGY/VK/POP/Y/GDP), scenario 2 (ENERGY/VK/POP/Y), scenario 3 (ENERGY/VK/POP), and scenario 4 (ENERGY/VK). Experiments compare their effects on CO2 emissions using statistical indicators (R2, RMSE, MSE, and MAE). Across all scenarios and algorithms, R2 values range from 0.8969 to 0.9886, and RMSE values range from 0.0333 to 0.1007. The XGBoost algorithm performs best in scenario 4. Artificial intelligence algorithms prove successful in estimating CO2 emissions. This study has significant implications for policymakers and stakeholders. It highlights the need to review energy investments in transportation and implement regulations, restrictions, legislation, and obligations to reduce emissions. Artificial intelligence algorithms offer the potential for developing effective strategies. Policymakers can use these insights to prioritize sustainable energy investments. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the relationship between input parameters and CO2 emissions in the transportation sector. It emphasizes the importance of proactive measures and policies to address the sector’s environmental impact. It also contributes to the understanding of AI-assisted CO2 emissions forecasting in the transport sector, potentially informing future policy decisions aimed at emission reduction and sustainable transport development.
Difficult path to the diagnosis of chromomycosis
Authors: Melnikova Tatyana V. , Burtseva Natalya Yu. , Cheboksarova Tatyana A. , Sokolovskiy Evgeny V.
Published: February 2024

Chromomycosis is a slowly occurring mycosis of subcutaneous adipose tissue and skin. Most often, cases of the disease are recorded in countries with a tropical and subtropical climate. In the Russian Federation, the disease occurs sporadically. Very rarely (2 cases out of 100) malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma occurs. The article presents a clinical case of chromomycosis. A description is given of a patient in whom squamous cell carcinoma was detected at the onset of the disease, which was the reason for treatment by oncologists. Six months later, the patient had a relapse in the area of the postoperative scar and a focus in the area of the right hand. Repeated biopsy with histological examination made it possible to establish the correct diagnosis. Interest in the above clinical case was caused by the detection of chromomycosis in a resident of the city of Saint Petersburg, who was not in endemic areas, was not engaged in agricultural work, and denied the primary injury. Our patient experienced a rapid malignancy of the focus, after surgical treatment, a recurrence of deep mycosis occurred. A good effect was obtained from systemic antimycotic therapy.
Comparison of liquid based cytology and conventional smears on lymph node aspirates: A cytomorphological study
Authors: Shahab Juhi , Ahuja Sana , Singh Mukul , Verma Pooja , Ranga Sunil
Published: February 2024

Objective:

In an era of minimally invasive and rapid diagnostic technologies, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is most useful when it comes to patients with lymphadenopathies especially of the cervical region. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is an alternative processing method which is used for both gynecological and non-gynecological samples. Because of the remarkable advantages of LBC smears in gynecological samples, nowadays, many studies have been done to assess its utility in various other lesions. Hereby, with the help of this study, we would like to evaluate the efficiency of LBC smears in comparison to conventional FNAC smears conventional smears (CS) on lymph node aspirates.

Material and Methods:

A retrospective study was done over a 1-year period in which 253 cases of lymph node aspirates were included in the study. The slides were prepared using standard conventional and LBC techniques and compared for adequacy, cellularity, cell architecture, necrosis, background debris, presence of cells in monolayer sheets, and nuclear/cytoplasmic details.

Results:

Of the total 253 cases, 171 (67.6%) were and 67 (26.5%) were diagnosed as non-neoplastic and malignant, respectively. Although the LBC smears were useful in the diagnosis of malignant cases, they did pose some challenges especially in the non-neoplastic lymph node aspirates due to loss of the background necrosis. In addition, the cellular yield in LBC smears was low in comparison to CS.

Conclusion:

LBC smears from lymph node aspirates results in better diagnostic accuracy for malignant cases due to better cellular and nuclear details. However, for non-neoplastic etiology, it should not be considered better than CS as loss of the background necrosis and inflammation may result in an incorrect diagnosis.
Diagnostic analysis of pleural fluid cell blocks using relevant immunohistochemical markers in clinically suspicious cases of malignancy
Authors: Mathew Jules Kurian , Rajan Gopalan Nair , Kunju Abhilash Kudilipparambil
Published: February 2024

Objective:

Thoracocentesis is a less invasive and expensive procedure than pleural biopsy, enabling sample collection for cytological evaluation. Cell blocks prepared from these samples provide histopathological diagnoses; further, immunohistochemistry (IHC) can be performed for subtyping malignancies, guiding the clinician in choosing the appropriate treatment modality for the patient. We aimed to determine the various histological subtypes of malignancies using cell block IHC and compare the cell block and conventional cytology methods for diagnosing malignant pleural effusion.

Material and Methods:

All pleural fluid samples from the clinically suspicious cases of malignancy collected at the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College Kottayam, India, during 18 months, except duplicate and inadequate samples, were included in this prospective observational study. IHC was performed on cell blocks that were positive for malignancy.

Results:

This study analyzed 630 samples, of which 121 cell blocks demonstrated the presence of malignancy. Overall, 80%, 13%, and 7% of cases were negative, suspicious, and positive for malignancy based on conventional cytology, and 81%, 0%, and 19% were negative, suspicious, and positive for malignancy based on cell blocks, respectively. Among all malignancies, adenocarcinomas from the lung (56%) were the most common, followed by adenocarcinomas from the breast (6%), squamous cell carcinomas (5%), and adenocarcinomas from the ovary (3%). Cell blocks helped detect more malignancies (19%) than conventional cytology (7%), despite a moderate agreement between both methods.

Conclusion:

Adenocarcinomas were the most common cause of malignant pleural effusions, and the most frequent site of origin was the lungs. Cell blocks helped diagnose more malignancies than conventional cytology.
Traumatic penetrating head injury by crossbow projectiles: A case report and literature review
Authors: Khayat Moath Abdullah , Khayat Hassan , Alhantoobi Mohamed Rashed , Aljoghaiman Majid , Sommer Doron D. , Algird Almunder , Guha Daipayan
Published: February 2024

Background:

Low-energy penetrating head injuries caused by arrows are relatively uncommon. The objective of this report is to describe a case presentation and management of self-inflicted intracranial injury using a crossbow and to provide a relevant literature review.

Case Report:

A 31-year-old man with a previous psychiatric history sustained a self-inflicted injury using a crossbow that he bought from a department store. The patient arrived neurologically intact at the hospital, fully awake and oriented. He was not able to verbalize due to immobilization of the jaw as well as fixation of his tongue to his hard palate secondary to the position of the arrow. The trajectory of the object showed an entry point at the floor of the oral cavity and an exit through the calvarium just off the midline. The oral and nasal cavity, along with the palate and, the skull base of the anterior cranial fossa, and the left frontal lobe, were all breached. No vascular injury was identified clinically or in imaging. The arrow was surgically removed in the operating room after establishing an elective surgical airway. The floor of the mouth, tongue, and palate was repaired next. A planned delayed cerebrospinal fluid leak repair was performed. The patient made a substantial recovery and was discharged home in good functional status. A systematic literature search was done using Medline for cases with intracranial injuries related to crossbows to review and appraise the available literature.

Conclusion:

A thorough assessment in a multidisciplinary trauma center and the availability of a subspecialty care team, including neurosurgery and otolaryngology, are paramount in such cases. The vascular imaging should be done before and after any planned surgical intervention. Emergent and elective surgical airway management should be considered and made available throughout the stabilization and care of the acute injury. Surgical management should be planned to remove the object with adequate exposure to facilitate visualization, removal, and the possible need for further intervention, including anticipating aerodigestive and vascular injuries on removal. Finally, access to weapons and the relation to psychiatric illness should not be overlooked, as many reported cases are self-harming in nature.
Essentials for early diagnosis of primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma. How to suspect primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma early and proceed to invasive biopsy? A case report and literature review
Authors: Shigekawa Seiji , Inoue Akihiro , Miyazaki Yukihiro , Taniwaki Mashio , Kanehisa Kota , Matsumoto Sayaka , Okada Yoko , Kitazawa Riko , Kunieda Takeharu
Published: February 2024

Background:

Primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma (PISCL) is an extremely rare condition. Early diagnosis is very difficult due to the nonspecific clinical and imaging findings. A biopsy is essential for a definitive diagnosis, but courage is required to perform the surgery. Here, we present a case of PISCL and suggest useful indicators for accurate diagnosis of this pathological entity.

Case Description:

A 70-year-old woman presented with subacute bilateral lower-limb paralysis, disturbance of warm and pain sensations, and vesicorectal disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a contrast-enhanced mass from C7 to Th2 and large, edematous lesions from the upper cervical to lower thoracic spinal cord. Elevated uptake of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) was identified in the enhanced regions on FDG-positron emission tomography (PET). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed highly elevated levels of β2-microglobulin (β2-MG). Steroid pulse therapy and therapeutic plasma exchange were performed for suspected myelitis, but symptoms did not improve. Spinal cord biopsy was, therefore, performed for treatment-resistant myelopathy. Histopathological examination revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, which was diagnosed as PISCL because systemic examination showed no other findings suggestive of malignant lymphoma.

Conclusion:

In cases with poor response to treatment and a progressive course, PISCL should be considered, and spinal cord biopsy should be performed if PET shows increased 18F-FDG uptake and β2-MG is elevated in CSF.
БЕРИНГИЙСКАЯ ЖЕЛТАЯ ТРЯСОГУЗКА MOTACILLA TSCHUTSCHENSIS НА КАМЧАТКЕ
Authors: Герасимов Ю.Н. , Герасимов Н.Н. , Духова Э.Р.
Published: February 2024

Обобщены результаты исследований распространения, численности и биологии берингийской желтой трясогузки на Камчатке в 1965-2021 гг. Приводятся данные по плотности населения, срокам миграции и размножения, местам расположения, материале и размерам гнезд, размерам яиц.
ВЗАИМОСВЯЗИ КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННЫХ ПРИЗНАКОВ ДИКОРАСТУЩЕЙ КЛЮКВЫ (VACCINIUM OXYCOCCOS L.) МЕТОДАМИ СТАТИСТИЧЕСКОГО АНАЛИЗА
Authors: Аниськина Т.С. , Симахин М.В. , Донских В.Г. , Наконечная Д.В. , Крючкова В.А.
Published: February 2024

В статье исследованы 4 популяции дикорастущей клюквы, которые произрастают в Московской области в одинаковых условиях на болотистой местности. Целью исследования являлось выявление взаимосвязанных признаков для оптимизации селекционного процесса. Для этого проанализировано более 500 плодов по признакам масса, форма, длина, ширина, количество семян, количество неразвитых семян, и более 500 листьев этих популяций по окраске, форме, длине и ширине листа, длине черешка. Выяснилось, что популяции сильно различаются по форме плодов. Сначала в работе применен метод дисперсионного анализа для выявления взаимосвязи между формой плода и количественными признаками. Он показал достоверный вклад формы плода в изменчивость таких признаков, как масса плода (факториальная доля влияния - 41%), длина плода (факториальная доля влияния 67%), ширина плода (факториальная доля - 8%), количество семян (17%), длина листа (48%), ширина листа (21%), длина черешка (15%). Далее анализ попарных разностей групповых средних и наименьшей существенной разницы (НСР05) выявил наибольшее количество достоверных отличий по количественным признакам у популяции с каплевидной формой, и, следовательно, ее уникальность и перспективу для дальнейшего отбора форм. Корреляционный анализ между одиннадцатью признаками продемонстрировал наличие сильных положительных связей между формой плода, массой плода и шириной плода. Средней силы положительные связи отмечены между количеством семян, количеством неразвитых семян, длиной и шириной плода и листа, длиной черешка и окраской листа. Форма листа слабо коррелирует с вышеперечисленными признаками.
Partial Density of States Representation for Accurate Deep Neural Network Predictions of X-ray Spectra
Authors: Middleton Clelia , Curchod Basile , Penfold Thomas
Published: February 2024

The performance of a Machine Learning (ML) algorithm for chemistry is highly contingent upon the architect’s choice of input representation. This work introduces the partial density of states (p-DOS) descriptor: a novel, quantum- inspired structural representation which encodes relevant electronic information for machine learning models seeking to simulate X-ray spectroscopy. p-DOS uses a minimal basis set in conjunction with a guess (non-optimised) electronic configuration to extract and then discretise the density of states (DOS) of the absorbing atom to form the input vector. We demonstrate that while the electronically-focused p-DOS performs well in isolation, optimal performance is achieved when supplemented with nuclear structural information imparted via a geometric representation. p-DOS provides a description of the key electronic properties of a system which is not only concise and computationally efficient, but also independent of molecular size or choice of basis set. It can be rapidly generated, facilitating its application with large training sets. Its performance is demonstrated using a wide variety of examples at the sulphur K-edge, including the prediction of ultrafast X-ray spectroscopic signal associated with photoexcited 2(5H)-thiophenone. These results highlight the potential for ML models developed using p-DOS to contribute to the interpretation and predic- tion of experimental results made possible by emergent cutting-edge technologies, especially X-ray free electron lasers.
An affordable platform for automated synthesis and electrochemical characterization
Authors: Pablo-García Sergio , García Ángel , Deniz Akkoc Gun , Sim Malcolm , Cao Yang , Somers Maxine , Hattrick Chance , Yoshikawa Naruki , Dworschak Dominik , Hao Han , Aspuru-Guzik Alán
Published: February 2024

Electrochemical techniques are pivotal for material discovery and renewable energy; however, often the extensive chemical spaces to be explored require high-throughput experimentation (HTE) to ensure timely results, which are costly both for instrument and materials/consumables. While self-driving laboratories (SDL) promise efficient chemical exploration, most contemporary implementations demand significant time, economic investment, and expertise. This study introduces an open and cost-effective autonomous electrochemical setup, comprising a synthesis platform and a custom-designed potentiostat device. We present an SDL platform that offers rapid deployment and extensive control over electrochemical experiments compared to commercial alternatives. Using ChemOS 2.0 for orchestration, we showcase our setup's capabilities through a campaign in which different metal ions reacts with ligands to form coordination compounds., yielding a database of 400 electrochemical measurements. Committed to open science, we provide a potentiostat design, campaign software, and raw data, aiming to democratize customized components in SDLs and ensure transparent data sharing and reproducibility.
The Story of Black Scientists Born in the 19th Century
Authors: Joullie Madeleine , Beavers Mary Pat , Shumpert André
Published: February 2024

The technological innovations developed in Africa have an important place in the history of invention and date back to the ancient world. Africans had a knowledge of astronomy, agricultural science, engineering, and medicine based on natural plant products. Although this knowledge was often more developed in Africa than anywhere else in the world, African contributions were mostly ignored by the rest of the world. Many contributions of Blacks to modern technology are still not widely known. In 1913 alone, more than a thousand inventions were patented by African Americans who were fortunate enough to be accepted at the patent office. Many other enslaved black inventors discovered medicines as well as labor-saving devices, but were not allowed to patent them in their own names; their enslavers stole both credit and profit for their discoveries. In this article, we hope to inspire young people of all colors by telling the stories of black scientists who developed products, medicines, and systems that changed lives. All scientists presented here were born before the 20th century, when Blacks were up against severe forms of oppression and inhumanity. Black people faced unparalleled obstacles in accessing both primary and higher education, and the few educational facilities that were available to Blacks were inadequate compared to those available to whites. Additionally, black people could not obtain housing or jobs, and they were not recognized or included as members of society. Despite these challenges, some of the greatest scientific discoveries in science were made by black people. The black scientists highlighted here did not have equal access to education during their lifetime, and it was only through perseverance that were they able to overcome obstacles and earn educational degrees. We highlight the scientific discoveries made by some of the most brilliant black scientists during this era, depicting how racist laws and practices affected them, and we discuss them chronologically by their date of birth to identify the social changes that occurred over the years.
Arts Education for Children with Disabilities: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Mareza Lia , Mustadi Ali , Dewi Dinar Sari Eka , Mumpuniarti Mumpuniarti , Suwarjo Suwarjo
Published: February 2024

Research, testimonies and descriptions of successful projects and initiatives have shown the benefits of well-planned inclusive arts education for students with disabilities. The group of students with disabilities is diverse. The only thing they have in common is a disability that prevents them from taking advantage of the general curriculum without specialised support. Teaching students with disabilities is a requirement for all teachers, regardless of their subject-matter expertise. The goal of this research is to provide a thorough knowledge map of the intellectual framework of the field of study of arts education for students with disabilities. Using the PRISMA method to analyse articles published between 2012 and 2022, a systematic literature review methodology was used. An overview of the study’s articles, authors, top journals and research themes is given. The findings indicate the existence of three themes in the research of arts education for children with disabilities. In summary, this paper reviews key findings from the research analyses and suggests future research trajectories for the arts education area.
Physicochemical properties and sensory evaluation of gluten-free rice egg roll
with hydrocolloids addition
Authors: Ho L.-H. , S. Nurul Atikah
Published: February 2024

The growing prevalence of gluten-intolerance disorder causes increasing demand for
gluten-free products. This study was carried out to evaluate the quality parameters of
gluten-free egg roll in terms of physical, chemical and sensory acceptability. Rice flour
was utilized as a gluten-free source to replace wheat flour for the preparation of glutenfree egg roll. Hydrocolloids like carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and xanthan gum were
added at 0.4 g to enhance the quality characteristic of gluten-free egg roll made of rice
flour. The results of proximate analyses revealed that the addition of hydrocolloids
significantly (p<0.05) increased the moisture content, ash content, crude protein, crude fat,
and total carbohydrate content of gluten-free egg roll compared to egg roll made of rice
flour without hydrocolloids. The addition of hydrocolloids significantly (p<0.05)
increased the lightness (L*) value, but egg roll added with xanthan gum significantly
(p<0.05) decreased the a* and b* values. The inclusion of hydrocolloids did not have a
significant effect on hardness, but egg roll added with xanthan gum significantly increased
the fracture strength as compared to rice flour containing egg roll. Among the
hydrocolloids, egg roll added with xanthan gum resulted in a significant improvement in
overall acceptability. Thus, rice flour and hydrocolloid (i.e., xanthan gum) could be
suitable ingredients in producing the best quality egg roll and could provide benefits to
gluten intolerance patients.
Chronicle
Authors: Roth Herbert
Published: February 2024

Chronicle from November 1992 to February 1993
Chronicle: April - June 1979
Authors: Roth Bert
Published: February 2024

Chronicle covering April to June 1979
LECTURA DE TEXTOS DE DIVULGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA EN LA ENSEÑANZA SECUNDARIA: UN ANÁLISIS DE LA PRÁCTICA DOCENTE
Authors: De Oliveira Ferreira Edna Maria , Tramallino Carolina , Costa Vitorino César
Published: February 2024

O ensino de leitura tem recebido atenção especial, principalmente após as avaliações nacionais e internacionais, que mostram o baixo nível de compreensão leitora dos alunos brasileiros do ensino médio. Esta pesquisa teve como objeto de estudo a incidência da concepção de leitura como decodificação, subjacente à prática pedagógica nas aulas de leitura de divulgação científica no nível médio, a fim de compreender a relação entre essa concepção e a seleção de procedimentos didático-pedagógicos que os professores realizam para suas práticas, com vistas ao lugar dado ao aluno como protagonista na construção dos sentidos do texto. O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre a didática da leitura de textos populares de ciências e descrever o percurso desde a escolha dos textos e das atividades propostas pelos professores até revelar as dimensões e categorias de análise que demonstram a viabilidade da análise de conteúdo para analisar o corpus. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação da prática docente e grupos focais. A concepção de texto como produto acabado e de leitura como descodificação ou expressão do pensamento sobrepôs-se à concepção de leitura como interação. Assim, verificou-se que, no espaço da sala de aula de leitura acadêmico-científica o texto não é entendido como processo, e a leitura não é concebida como coprodução de sentidos. Daí, a necessidade de formação contínua dos professores e de novos estudos sobre esse tema, mesmo nos níveis pré-universitários de ensino.
Early estimates of nirsevimab immunoprophylaxis effectiveness against hospital admission for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections in infants, Spain, October 2023 to January 2024
Authors: López-Lacort Mónica , Muñoz-Quiles Cintia , Mira-Iglesias Ainara , López-Labrador F Xavier , Mengual-Chuliá Beatriz , Fernández-García Carlos , Carballido-Fernández Mario , Pineda-Caplliure Ana , Mollar-Maseres Juan , Shalabi Benavent Maruan , Sanz-Herrero Francisco , Zornoza-Moreno Matilde , Pérez-Martín Jaime Jesús , Alfayate-Miguelez Santiago , Pérez Crespo Rocío , Bastida Sánchez Encarnación , Menasalvas-Ruiz Ana Isabel , Téllez-González Mª Cinta , Esquiva Soto Samuel , Del Toro Saravia Carlos , Sanz-Muñoz Iván , Eiros José María , Matías Del Pozo Vanesa , Toquero-Asensi Marina , Pastor-Villalba Eliseo , Lluch-Rodrigo José Antonio , Díez-Domingo Javier , Orrico-Sánchez Alejandro
Published: February 2024

The monoclonal antibody nirsevimab was at least 70% effective in preventing hospitalisations in infants with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) positive for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Spain (Oct 2023–Jan 2024), where a universal immunisation programme began late September (coverage range: 79–99%). High protection was confirmed by two methodological designs (screening and test-negative) in a multicentre active surveillance in nine hospitals in three regions. No protection against RSV-negative LRTI-hospitalisations was shown. These interim results could guide public-health decision-making.
Book Collection of the Vilnius Academy of Medicine and Surgery in the Funds of the NBUV: History of formation and problems of storage
Authors: Gurzhiy Ivanna
Published: February 2024

In the research, on the basis of archival sources and involved normative documents of the Institute of Manuscripts and Book Editions of Library Collections and Historical Collections of the National Library of Ukraine named after. V. I. Vernadskyi, a brief essay on the establishment of the Vilnius Academy of Medicine and Surgery, as well as the work of prominent founders of this institution. First of all, the article deals with the largest sections of the library, analyses the quantitative and thematic composition of its publications. With the help of sources and special literature, Vilnius University (Principal School of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania) is characterized as the largest and most prestigious institution in Europe in the 18th — 19th centuries, where such personalities as Adam Mickiewicz, Juliusz Słowacki and Czeslaw Milosz studied. Information on the establishment of the first library of the educational institution is also given, its reformation and book exchange with other libraries are traced. The gradual process of formation of the library of the Vilnius Academy of Medicine and Surgery and its connection with the Imperial University of St. Vladimir. As a result of the scientific search and review of publications, parts of the book collections of representatives of the Belarusian-Lithuanian Sapieha family and the Polish scientist-encyclopedist Jan Sniadetski were found. The quantitative and thematic composition of each book collection is studied separately. After researching and analyzing the quantitative and thematic composition of books from the Vilnius Academy of Medicine and Surgery, one of the largest and most prestigious institutions in Europe in the 18th — 19th centuries, we can conclude that this collection preserves a large number of unique ancient publications of great importance for studying medical science. for modern scientists. The study also presents material on the establishment of the first library of the school, traced its reformation and book exchange with other libraries. The gradual process of formation of the library of the Vilnius Academy of Medicine and Surgery and its connection with the Imperial University of St. Vladimir.
Memory of Yaroslav Dzyra
Authors: Mytsyk Yurii
Published: February 2024

This article is dedicated to the prominent Ukrainian historian and dissident Yaroslav Dzyra (1931–2009), whose scientific activity in Soviet times was rudely stopped by a totalitarian government. The memoirs describe the author’s ties with Yaroslav Dzyra, which lasted over 35 years, show the features of the scientist’s historical views, his role as a Ukrainian patriot who, despite persecution by the KGB, did not give up.
The Battles of Kryvyi Rih and Nikopol on the Background of the German-Soviet Confrontation on the Dnieper in Autumn 1943 — Winter 1944
Authors: Chornyi Oleksandr
Published: February 2024

Within the scope of the offered publication, the author states that the battles of Kryvyi Rih and Nikopol are a component of the Battle of the Dnieper, as their course is connected with the elimination of the Nikopol bridgehead, the overcoming of the river south of the Dnieper, the expansion of bridgeheads on its right bank, and the establishment of Soviet control over the Nikopol and Kryvyi Rih industrial basins German-Soviet confrontation in the Kryvyi Rih and Nikopol directions is much wider in time than is generally considered in the historiography of the war, and covers the events not from the end of January to the end of February 1944, but dates back to October 15, 1943 — February 29, 1944. The researcher proves that the extremely difficult and long-term struggle of the opponents for Kryvyi Rih and Nikopol was due to two reasons — a possible Wehrmacht counterattack in the lower reaches of the Dnieper to unblock the 17th German Army in the Crimea and the need to control iron ore and manganese ore deposits, as the main resources for the defense industry of both the USSR and Germany. The author emphasizes that the battle of Kryvyi Rih and Nikopol lasted two and a half times longer than the “world-historical” battle of Kursk. Within the scope of the article, the issue of revising the postulates rooted in Soviet and post-Soviet historical science about the turning point in the German-Soviet confrontation on the Eastern Front, which allegedly took place near Stalingrad and the Kursk salient in the first half — the middle of 1943, is raised. The article suggests that the Red Army actually succeeded in breaking the German military machine not at the Kursk Offensive, but during the Battle of the Dnieper. The study was prepared on the basis of previously unknown (once secret) archival documents and materials published in the post-Soviet period, which makes the arguments and conclusions presented here relevant.
Dark Side of Mobile Phone Technology: Assessing the Impact of Self-Phubbing and Partner-Phubbing on Life Satisfaction
Authors: Mahmud Imran , Supramaniam Kodisvaran , Jahan Nusrat , Begum Afsana , Masud Adiba
Published: February 2024

Aim/Purpose: The study aims to explore the attributes of self-phubbing and partner-phubbing, as well as their impact on marital relationship satisfaction and the quality of communication. Furthermore, it aims to comprehend how these characteristics could impact an individual’s total level of life satisfaction.

Background: The study aims to establish a clear association between specific mobile phone usage behaviors and their subsequent impact on relationship satisfaction and the quality of communication. This study investigates the effects of two types of behaviors on interpersonal relationships: self-phubbing, which refers to an individual being deeply absorbed in their own mobile phone use, and partner-phubbing, which refers to witnessing one’s partner being deeply absorbed in a mobile device.

Methodology: This study utilizes a quantitative approach. The poll involved 150 smartphone users in Malaysia who are in relationships, and they participated by completing a questionnaire. The data analysis was performed using the Partial Least Squares-based Structural Equation Modeling method.

Contribution: This research addresses the gap and gives insight into the consequences of self and partner phubbing and its impact on the relationship and life satisfaction among partners by providing a research model that was validated with primary data.

Findings: The results of this survey show that smartphone conflicts harm relationship satisfaction but not communication quality. It was revealed that communication quality does not directly bring a negative impact on life satisfaction, but it directly affects relationship satisfaction, which, in turn, harms life satisfaction.

Recommendations for Practitioners: The findings of this study can be used by practitioners to improve relationship counseling and therapy. Through the integration of the notion of phubbing and its impact on relationship happiness, couples can receive guidance on how to reduce the tension that arises from using smartphones.

Recommendation for Researchers: Previous research was conducted exclusively on only an individual’s phubbing behavior, but limited work was done on the partner’s phubbing behavior. Future researchers can enhance this model by identifying more factors.

Impact on Society: This study addresses broader societal ramifications in addition to the dynamics of particular relationships. This study promotes a more mindful use of smartphones by exposing the complex relationships between technology use, relationship happiness, and general life contentment. This will ultimately lead to healthier relationships and improved societal well-being.

Future Research: In the future, we are going to implement an artificial neural network approach to test this data to predict the most important factors that influence phubbing.
El consumo responsable y el estatus
Authors: Flores-Domínguez, Adriana
Published: February 2024

Este estudio tiene como finalidad el análisis de el consumo responsable y su relación con el estatus social que adquieren los consumidores que son responsables con el medio ambiente. Se pretende conocer cuáles son las tendencias en la actualidad para reducir la contaminación utilizando productos que además generen un valor en la sociedad y contribuyan a la formación de la imagen personal. El objetivo es hacer un análisis del perfil del consumidor a través de una investigación exploratoria en fuentes secundarias para entender el comportamiento de aquellos consumidores que buscan tener un estatus social más alto a través conductas de consumo responsable y sus motivadores.
Spatio-temporal patterns of different tree species response to climatic factors in south Kyrgyzstan
Authors:   Mountain Societies Research Institute, University of Central Asia, 125/1 Toktogul Street, Bishkek, 720001, Kyrgyz Republic, Kulikov Maksim , Shibkov Evgenii ,   Mountain Societies Research Institute, University of Central Asia, 125/1 Toktogul Street, Bishkek, 720001, Kyrgyz Republic, Isaev Erkin ,   Mountain Societies Research Institute, University of Central Asia, 125/1 Toktogul Street, Bishkek, 720001, Kyrgyz Republic, Azarov Azamat ,   Mountain Societies Research Institute, University of Central Asia, 125/1 Toktogul Street, Bishkek, 720001, Kyrgyz Republic,   Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha, 165 00, Czech Republic, Sidle Roy ,   Mountain Societies Research Institute, University of Central Asia, 125/1 Toktogul Street, Bishkek, 720001, Kyrgyz Republic
Published: February 2024

Understanding forest phenology is essential for monitoring global carbon budgets and managing vegetation resources in a changing climate. In southern Kyrgyzstan, walnut and wild apple trees dominate the forest landscape. These forests contain unique genetic diversity and offer potential for the development of climate-resilient crop varieties. They also support local communities through activities such as grazing, firewood collection, and fruit harvesting. However, these practices pose a threat to natural regeneration. Climate change exacerbates these challenges by altering their ecological niche. Despite this, few studies have examined forest phenology and its relationship to climate in Kyrgyzstan. To address this gap, we collected ecological data from forest plots in several protected areas and one forestry unit. This included tree species coordinates and landscape. Time series of vegetation indices, land surface temperature and precipitation were generated from remote sensing data. Regression analyses showed that temperature trends had limited predictive power for vegetation, while seasonal temperature variations had a positive effect on vegetation until excessive heat was reached, which had a negative effect. Precipitation trends and seasons had the most significant effects on vegetation, with lagged effects. Regression models were developed for Juglans regia L. (R2=0.8) and Malus spp. (R2=0.75) to predict vegetation index from temperature and precipitation data with high accuracy. Spatial heterogeneity in species response to climatic factors was evident within a small area. The study highlights the influence of landscape and climatic diversity on forest dynamics and emphasizes the importance of seasonal climate patterns over interannual trends.
A NATUREZA COMO SUJEITO DE DIREITO
Authors: Rocha José Cláudio
Published: February 2024

No período de 06 a 07 de outubro de 2023 realizou-se, na cidade de Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil, o 2º Fórum Brasileiro dos Direitos da Natureza (2º FBDN). A primeira edição deste evento aconteceu no mês de junho, em 2018, na cidade de São Paulo. Organizado pela Articulação Nacional pelos Direitos da Natureza, a Mãe Terra, o 2º FBDN reuniu pesquisadores, professores, lideranças dos movimentos sociais e integrantes de comunidades tradicionais para refletir sobre como efetivar os Direitos da Natureza no Brasil e no mundo, partindo de duas premissas básicas: 1) reconhecimento de que o ecossistema ambiental está sendo ameaçado pelo modelo de desenvolvimento imposto por governos e organizações econômicas, sendo que a humanidade e espécies não-humanas dependem da natureza para sobreviver; 2) Os Direitos da Natureza, como propostos por movimentos ecológicos desde 2008 na América Latina, têm um sistema ético semelhante aos Direitos Humanos, sendo possível (re)pensar uma nova Declaração Universal que destaque esses direitos. O objetivo deste artigo é produzir, preservar e difundir conhecimento sobre os Direitos da Natureza (DDN), assim como sensibilizar outros grupos para o estudo desses direitos como é desejado pela sociedade civil global, visando sua efetivação na esfera internacional e nacional. Este estudo justifica-se pela importância da temática para a garantia dos direitos das gerações presentes e futuras. A metodologia para realização deste estudo traduziu-se na revisão de literatura, análise de documentos e observação direta durante o 2º FBDN.
O DIREITO À DESCONEXÃO AOS PROFISSIONAIS DA SAÚDE EM TEMPOS PÓS-PANDÊMICO
Authors: Santos Ruan Pablo Martins dos , Soares Manuella de Oliveira
Published: February 2024

O presente trabalho é fruto de um projeto de pesquisa realizado na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul que teve por objetivo analisar as normas de direito do trabalho que envolvem os profissionais de saúde, sua jornada de trabalho, garantias previstas na Constituição Federal de 1988, bem como a saúde física e mental desses trabalhadores após a pandemia do Covid-19. Considerando a falta de estrutura e obediência aos ditames trabalhistas, foi possível concluir, através da análise e investigação bibliográfica, que a normativa atual ainda não é suficiente para garantir saúde e segurança a esses trabalhadores por não trazer previsão expressa do direito à desconexão e de jornadas de trabalho menores, em desrespeito às garantias constitucionais e direitos trabalhistas existentes, sendo necessário norma específica para garantir proteção à saúde mental e física da categoria dos profissionais de saúde.
A “VIRAGEM AMBIENTAL” DA CORTE INTERAMERICANA DE DIREITOS HUMANOS A PARTIR DA OPINIÃO CONSULTIVA 23/2017
Authors: Almeida Eduardo Floriano , Félix Ynes da Silva
Published: February 2024

O texto trata de algumas conceituações doutrinárias de direitos humanos e descreve as suas gerações. Em seguida, enfrenta o sistema interamericano de direitos humanos, em sua dupla vertente, pelas atribuições e competências da Comissão e da Corte Interamericana. Trata dos precedentes do sistema interamericano envolvendo direitos humanos e meio ambiente e a necessidade de evitar danos transnacionais, com especial ênfase à Opinião Consultiva n. 23/2017, a qual indica uma viragem na jurisprudência do sistema regional ao permitir a justiciabilidade do direito ao meio ambiente sadio independente de sua vinculação reflexa a outro direito humano. O direito autônomo ao meio ambiente saudável foi utilizado novamente pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos na jurisdição contenciosa, caso Lhaka Honhat vs. Argentina, sentença de 2020. A metodologia será documental e exploratória, utilizando-se do método dedutivo, com caráter bibliográfico.
O PÊNDULO DA VERDADE NO DIREITO PROBATÓRIO
Authors: Castro Cassio Benvenutti de
Published: February 2024

A verdade como correspondência é uma virtude estrutural do processo justo. O ponto de partida da análise consiste na contraposição dos entendimentos sobre o modelo de prova e de procedimento probatório, considerando a relação teleológica e a relação conceitual que a verdade e a prova assumiram, respectivamente, na tradição da experiência medieval e da época moderna. Com o aprimoramento dos estudos sobre a epistemologia, verifica-se uma inicial polaridade assimétrica entre essas linhas de pensamento, que, atualmente, não chegam a ser excludentes, pois não existe um sistema ortodoxo ou puro. O processo constitucional colaborativo condensa um modelo subjetivo de prova (baseado no convencimento do juiz) e um modelo objetivo de prova (baseado na corroboração das hipóteses provadas em direção à verdade) para resultar na consagração do funcionamento do direito probatório baseado na probabilidade e na possibilidade de evitação do erro judiciário na tomada de decisão sobre os fatos no processo.
O SISTEMA PENAL ACUSATÓRIO E A NOVA PERSPECTIVA DA VALORAÇÃO DOS ELEMENTOS INVESTIGATIVOS PRÉ-PROCESSUAIS
Authors: Arakaki Allan Thiago Barbosa
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo objetiva cuidar da valoração dos elementos investigativos pré-processuais, buscando identificar se, diante do sistema acusatório brasileiro, justifica-se o ajuizamento e prosseguimento de ações penais, amparadas no princípio in dubio pro societate, ainda que o procedimento investigativo não possuísse indícios suficientes para a condenação. Realiza-se, para tanto, uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica, sendo que o método empregado é o dedutivo em razão de ser o mais didático à pretensão deste trabalho. Sob tal aspecto, inicia-se a abordagem pelo sistema acusatório brasileiro, buscando diferenciá-lo do sistema inquisitorial. Após, ingressa-se na análise da valoração dos elementos investigativos pré-processuais, o que seria aplicável aos procedimentos investigativos policiais ou do próprio Ministério Público. Por derradeiro, resta enfrentada a questão proposta para análise, procurando-se demarcar se o princípio in dubio societate endossaria ou não o ajuizamento e prosseguimento de ações penais, quando os próprios elementos inquisitoriais não fossem, ainda que abstratamente, aptos à condenação. O referencial teórico empregado é a Análise Econômica do Direito, posto que auxilia a inserção de uma visão mais utilitarista e consequencialista no funcionamento da Justiça Criminal, atendendo à pretensão desta pesquisa.
A realidade da mandioca no Maranhão
Authors: Pinheiro José Carlos Durans
Published: February 2024

A obra convida leitores de todas as esferas a refletir sobre a complexidade da relação entre homem e natureza, e como a mandioca, um cultivo tão antigo, continua a ser central na vida de muitos. Através de uma combinação de pesquisa rigorosa e relatos pessoais, o livro não apenas informa, mas também inspira, destacando os desafios e as oportunidades que se apresentam na busca por sustentabilidade, segurança alimentar e desenvolvimento econômico.
Statistical Study of Membrane Performance for Different Pharmaceutical Compounds Removal
Authors: Iborra-Clar MI , Carlos S , Martón I
Published: February 2024

One of the most important emerging pollutants is pharmaceutical active compounds, which may be responsible, for example, for ecotoxicological changes and microbiological resistance. Wastewater treatment plants are not adequately equipped to remove all of the emerging pollutants contained in the wastewater. The ultrafiltration process has been proven to be effective in traditional wastewater treatment, so it is important to assess the performance of such a technique in the partial elimination of pharmaceutical compounds to avoid contamination. In this work, an assessment of ultrafiltration process operating conditions for eliminating six pharmaceutical compounds: Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen, Naproxen, Diclofenac, Caffeine, and trimethoprim, present in different types of water is performed. Experimental design is a systematic and structured approach to conducting experiments, and its application can significantly improve the study of membrane technology, reducing the number of assays necessary to obtain meaningful results. The statistical principles application ensures that the results obtained are reliable and representative of the true effects of the variables being studied. Its application helps to obtain valid conclusions from the data and provides a solid basis for making decisions or recommendations regarding the tests and variables to take into account. Membrane processes can involve complex interactions between several factors. Experimental design helps to identify and understand these interactions, allowing researchers to discern the combined effects of different variables. This is crucial to accurately predict and optimize membrane performance. In this work, ANOVA analysis has been carried out in order to determine the influence of membrane cut-off, solution pH, and feed concentration, as well as their interactions, in permeate flux and the rejection index. The results obtained show similar behavior for Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Diclofenac, and Trimethoprim, being the pH the most important factor. However, no significant factors were found for the acetaminophen and the Caffeine.