bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors that influence the complications and outcomes of femoral neck fractures treated by cannulated screw fixation
Authors: Ramadanov Nikolai , Toma Ionel , Herkner Harald , Klein Roman , Behringer Wilhelm , Matthes Gerrit
Published: January 2020

To investigate the influence of various factors on the two outcome parameters “procedure - specific complication” (femoral head necrosis, infection, nonunion, femoral neck shortening, screw loosening, implant penetration) and “functional outcome” in patients with displaced and undisplaced femoral neck fracture treated by cannulated screw fixation. All cases of a femoral neck fracture, operated by cannulated screw fixation, in the period from December 2014 to December 2017 were included. The observation period of the included patients was 12 months. Information on their outcome was collected after evaluation of current x-ray images and on request from the responsible further treatment physician. Continuous data were presented as mean value ± standard deviation, categorical data as absolute and relative frequency. The effect of potential factors on endpoints was estimated with a multivariable logistic regression analysis and 95% confidence intervals calculated. The null hypothesis Odds Ratio = 1 was checked by the Wald test. The likelihood ratio test was used to test for deviation from linearity. The mean age of the 56 included patients was 72 years (36 min, 96 max), 44.5% (n = 25) were male and 55.5% (n = 25) female. The femoral neck fractures were classified as follows: Garden I: 73%, Garden II: 16%, Garden III: 11%, Pauwels I: 73%, Pauwels II: 21%, Pauwels III: 5%, 31-B1: 73%, 31-B2: 27%, 31-B3: 0%. The factor patient age showed a statistically significant influence on the outcome parameter procedure-specific complication. None of the remaining factors examined showed a statistically significant influence on both outcome parameters procedure-specific complication and functional outcome. 69% of the patients from age 80 onwards suffered a procedure-specific complication. A rate of 41% procedure-specific complications as an outcome parameter in trauma surgery shows a necessity for improvement. The increasing risk of procedure-specific complications for patients with a femoral neck fracture treated by cannulated screw fixation is associated with rising patient age. A more stable head-perserving operative method or an endoprosthetic procedure should be considered in high-risk patients (≥80 y.o.).
Impact of fullerol C60(OH)24 nanoparticles on the production of emerging toxins by Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Kovač Tihomir , Borišev Ivana , Kovač Marija , Lončarić Ante , Čačić Kenjerić Frane , Djordjevic Aleksandar , Strelec Ivica , Ezekiel Chibundu N. , Sulyok Michael , Krska Rudolf , Šarkanj Bojan
Published: January 2020

The impact of fullerene C60 water soluble daughter molecules - fullerols C60(OH)24 nanoparticles (FNP) on emerging (non-aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway) toxins production in mycelia and yeast extract sucrose (YES) media of A. flavus was investigated under growth conditions of 29 °C in the dark for a 168 h period. The FNP solution (10, 100 and 1000 ng mL−1) contained predominantly nanoparticles of 8 nm diameter and with zeta potential mean value of −33 mV. Ten emerging metabolites were produced at concentrations reaching 1,745,035 ng 50 mL−1 YES medium. Seven of the metabolites were found in mycelia and media, while three were only in mycelia. Majority of the metabolites were detected in higher quantity in mycelia than in media, at a ratio of 99:1 (m/m). However, higher metabolite quantities were found in media following FNP application, while FNP caused a decrease of total metabolite quantities in mycelia. The concentrations of the metabolites in media increased in the presence of 1000 ng mL−1 FNP while mycelial quantities of the metabolites decreased with increased applied FNP dose. The impacts of global climate changes on FNP availability in the environment and on mycotoxin occurrence in crops increase the relevance of this study for risk assessment of nanoparticles. Cordycepin is reported for the first time as metabolite of A. flavus.
SLA-1 Genetic Diversity in Pigs: Extensive Analysis of Copy Number Variation, Heterozygosity, Expression, and Breed Specificity
Authors: Le Minh Thong , Choi Hojun , Lee Hyejeong , Le Van Chanh Quy , Ahn Byeongyong , Ho Chak-Sum , Hong Kwonho , Song Hyuk , Kim Jin-Hoi , Park Chankyu
Published: January 2020

Swine leukocyte antigens play indispensable roles in immune responses by recognizing a large number of foreign antigens and thus, their genetic diversity plays a critical role in their functions. In this study, we developed a new high-resolution typing method for pig SLA-1 and successfully typed 307 individuals from diverse genetic backgrounds including 11 pure breeds, 1 cross bred, and 12 cell lines. We identified a total of 52 alleles including 18 novel alleles and 9 SLA-1 duplication haplotypes, including 4 new haplotypes. We observed significant differences in the distribution of SLA-1 alleles among the different pig breeds, including the breed specific alleles. SLA-1 duplication was observed in 33% of the chromosomes and was especially high in the biomedical model breeds such as SNU (100%) and NIH (76%) miniature pigs. Our analysis showed that SLA-1 duplication is associated with the increased level of SLA-1 mRNA expression in porcine cells compared to that of the single copy haplotype. Therefore, we provide here the results of the most extensive genetic analysis on pig SLA-1.
The FGF, TGFβ and WNT axis Modulate Self-renewal of Human SIX2+ Urine Derived Renal Progenitor Cells
Authors: Rahman Md Shaifur , Wruck Wasco , Spitzhorn Lucas-Sebastian , Nguyen Lisa , Bohndorf Martina , Martins Soraia , Asar Fatima , Ncube Audrey , Erichsen Lars , Graffmann Nina , Adjaye James
Published: January 2020

Human urine is a non-invasive source of renal stem cells with regeneration potential. Urine-derived renal progenitor cells were isolated from 10 individuals of both genders and distinct ages. These renal progenitors express pluripotency-associated proteins- TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, SSEA4, C-KIT and CD133, as well as the renal stem cell markers -SIX2, CITED1, WT1, CD24 and CD106. The transcriptomes of all SIX2+ renal progenitors clustered together, and distinct from the human kidney biopsy-derived epithelial proximal cells (hREPCs). Stimulation of the urine-derived renal progenitor cells (UdRPCs) with the GSK3β-inhibitor (CHIR99021) induced differentiation. Transcriptome and KEGG pathway analysis revealed upregulation of WNT-associated genes- AXIN2, JUN and NKD1. Protein interaction network identified JUN- a downstream target of the WNT pathway in association with STAT3, ATF2 and MAPK1 as a putative negative regulator of self-renewal. Furthermore, like pluripotent stem cells, self-renewal is maintained by FGF2-driven TGFβ-SMAD2/3 pathway. The urine-derived renal progenitor cells and the data presented should lay the foundation for studying nephrogenesis in human.
Association of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Concentrations with Risk for and Prognosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis – Results from the ALS Registry Swabia
Authors: Nagel Gabriele , Peter Raphael S. , Rosenbohm Angela , Koenig Wolfgang , Dupuis Luc , Rothenbacher Dietrich , Ludolph Albert C.
Published: January 2020

We investigated the associations of serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) with risk and prognosis of ALS in the ALS registry (October 2010–June 2014, median follow-up 67.6 months) in a case-control and cohort study, respectively. Serum samples were measured for IGF-1. Information on covariates was collected by standardized questionnaire. We applied conditional logistic regression to appraise the risk and Cox proportional hazards models to appraise the prognostic value of IGF-1. Data of 294 ALS patients (mean age 65.4 (SD 11.0) years, 60.2% men) and 504 controls were included in the case-control study. Median serum IGF-1 concentrations were slightly higher in ALS cases than in controls (101 vs. 99.5 ng/ml). IGF-1 concentrations were not associated with ALS risk in the fully adjusted model (top vs. bottom quartile: OR 1.16; 95%-CI 0.73–1.84, p for trend = 0.44). Among 293 ALS cases (mean age 65.5 (SD 10.5) years, 56.8% men) 243 died during follow-up. We found a statistically significant inverse association between continuous IGF-1 concentrations and survival (p = 0.01). Very high values IGF-1 were associated with a better prognosis of ALS suggesting that functions related to IGF-1 could be involved in survival.
CRISPR-mediated gene correction links the ATP7A M1311V mutations with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis in one individual
Authors: Yun Yeomin , Hong Sung-Ah , Kim Ka-Kyung , Baek Daye , Lee Dongsu , Londhe Ashwini M. , Lee Minhyung , Yu Jihyeon , McEachin Zachary T. , Bassell Gary J. , Bowser Robert , Hales Chadwick M. , Cho Sung-Rae , Kim Janghwan , Pae Ae Nim , Cheong Eunji , Kim Sangwoo , Boulis Nicholas M. , Bae Sangsu , Ha Yoon
Published: January 2020

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe disease causing motor neuron death, but a complete cure has not been developed and related genes have not been defined in more than 80% of cases. Here we compared whole genome sequencing results from a male ALS patient and his healthy parents to identify relevant variants, and chose one variant in the X-linked ATP7A gene, M1311V, as a strong disease-linked candidate after profound examination. Although this variant is not rare in the Ashkenazi Jewish population according to results in the genome aggregation database (gnomAD), CRISPR-mediated gene correction of this mutation in patient-derived and re-differentiated motor neurons drastically rescued neuronal activities and functions. These results suggest that the ATP7A M1311V mutation has a potential responsibility for ALS in this patient and might be a potential therapeutic target, revealed here by a personalized medicine strategy.
Nanomaterials in electrochemical cytosensors
Authors: Xu Jie , Hu Yanxiang , Wang Shengnan , Ma Xing , Guo Jinhong
Published: January 2020

Nano-electrochemical cytosensors have attracted intensive attention and achieved huge progress in the biomedical field owing to their stability, rapidity, accuracy, and low-cost properties.
Performance of a template enhanced hybridization process in biological media for the detection of a breast cancer biomarker
Authors: Tavakoli-Koopaei Reyhaneh , Javadi-Zarnaghi Fatemeh , Aghahosseini Maedeh , Tavassoli Manoochehr , Rasaee Mohammad Javad
Published: January 2020

A split G-quadruplex DNAzyme have been used for analysis of microRNA mimics in biological media with colorimetric assays based on Template enhanced Hybridization Processes, TeHyP.
Potential of triacylglycerol profiles in latent fingerprints to reveal individual diet, exercise, or health information for forensic evidence
Authors: O'Neill Kelly C. , Hinners Paige , Lee Young Jin
Published: January 2020

Relative levels of triacylglycerols found in latent fingerprints have the potential to provide health information, diet, and exercise.
Synthesis and reactivity of a terminal aluminium–imide bond
Authors: Anker Mathew D. , Schwamm Ryan J. , Coles Martyn P.
Published: January 2020

The Al–Nimide bond in a new anionic aluminium imide complex reacts via a [2+2] cycloaddition with CO2 to afford the dianionic carbamate ligand.
Neutron diffraction structural study of CO2 binding in mixed-metal CPM-200 metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Campanella Anthony J. , Trump Benjamin A. , Gosselin Aeri J. , Bloch Eric D. , Brown Craig M.
Published: January 2020

Elucidation of the mechanism of charge balance and CO2 adsorption in PCN-250/CPM-200 frameworks.
A diarylethene annulated isomer as a highly-conductive molecular wire evaluated by the exchange interaction between two nitroxides
Authors: Sumiya Youki , Higashiguchi Kenji , Matsuda Kenji
Published: January 2020

Bis(imino nitroxide) bridged by a diarylethene annulated isomer was found to show a strong exchange interaction, suggesting the use of the annulated isomer as a highly-conductive molecular wire.
Dielectric properties of solution-processed BaTiO3–styrene butadiene styrene nanocomposite films
Authors: Caruntu Daniela , Kavey Benard , Paul Suporna , Bas Alin Ciprian , Rotaru Aurelian , Caruntu Gabriel
Published: January 2020

Polymer–ceramic nanocomposite films comprising ceramic nanoparticles dispersed in a polymer matrix (0–3 composites) have garnered increasing interest due to their superior performance characteristics, and can be used in flexible modern electronics and energy storage systems.
The N(4S) + O2(X3Σ−g) ↔ O(3P) + NO(X2Π) reaction: thermal and vibrational relaxation rates for the 2A′, 4A′ and 2A′′ states
Authors: San Vicente Veliz Juan Carlos , Koner Debasish , Schwilk Max , Bemish Raymond J. , Meuwly Markus
Published: January 2020

Cross sections, rates, equilibrium constants and vibrational relaxation times for the N(4S) + O2(X3Σ−g) ↔ O(3P) + NO(X2Π) reaction from simulations on new, RKHS-based surfaces for the three lowest electronic states.
Field testing of low-cost titania-based photocatalysts for enhanced solar disinfection (SODIS) in rural India
Authors: Porley Victoria , Chatzisymeon Efthalia , Meikap Bhim Charan , Ghosal Somnath , Robertson Neil
Published: January 2020

We report the efficacy of titania-based photocatalysts for use as a simple and effective method of disinfecting drinking water in villages in West Bengal, demonstrating the viability of this technique to enhance solar disinfection in rural areas.
Micro- and nano-encapsulation of β-carotene in zein protein: size-dependent release and absorption behavior
Authors: Mahalakshmi L. , Leena M. Maria , Moses J. A. , Anandharamakrishnan C.
Published: January 2020

β-Carotene is a lipophilic bioactive compound, providing significant health benefits.
Hydrogen production from formic acid catalyzed by a phosphine free manganese complex: investigation and mechanistic insights
Authors: Léval Alexander , Agapova Anastasiya , Steinlechner Christoph , Alberico Elisabetta , Junge Henrik , Beller Matthias
Published: January 2020

Formic acid dehydrogenation (FAD) is considered as a promising process in the context of hydrogen storage.
Design of nitrogen-doped graphitized 2D hierarchical porous carbons as efficient solid base catalysts for transesterification to biodiesel
Authors: Kong Weiping , Liu Fujian , Liu Yong
Published: January 2020

2D graphitized porous carbons decorated with high contents of nitrogen sites such as pyridinic nitrogen were developed, which were used as efficient and reusable solid base catalysts for transesterification to biodiesel.
Elemental screening of plant-based foods by slurry nebulization ICP-MS
Authors: Cui Hao , Guo Wei , Jin Lanlan , Peng Yue'e , Hu Shenghong
Published: January 2020

A reliable solid sampling ICP-MS method based on direct introduction of fine food particle slurries for the nutrition and toxic elements was developed.
Photoconversion and chromatographic microfluidic system reveals differential cellular phenotypes of adhesion velocity versus persistence in shear flow
Authors: Birmingham Katherine G. , Robinson Isaac E. , Edwards Erin E. , Thomas Susan N.
Published: January 2020

Engineered cell sorting, photoconversion platform to interrogate mechanisms of metastatic cancer cell dissemination.
Compact reaction-module on a pad for scalable flow-production of organophosphates as drug scaffolds
Authors: Yim Se Jun , Ramanjaneyulu Bandaru T. , Vidyacharan Shinde , Yang Yu Dong , Kang In Seok , Kim Dong-Pyo
Published: January 2020

Continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing receives intense attention as an alternative way to meet flexible market needs with the assurance of higher safety and quality control.
Argininamide-type neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor antagonists: the nature of Nω-carbamoyl substituents determines Y1R binding mode and affinity
Authors: Buschmann Jonas , Seiler Theresa , Bernhardt Günther , Keller Max , Wifling David
Published: January 2020

Replacement of the carbamoyl residue (R) in reference compound 2 by larger residues (e.g.72) strongly affected Y1R affinity. In case of very bulky carbamoyl substituents (e.g.78), an inverted binding mode was suggested by induced-fit docking.
Interfacial solar evaporation for water production: from structure design to reliable performance
Authors: Bai Haoyu , Zhao Tianhong , Cao Moyuan
Published: January 2020

Interfacial solar evaporation has emerged as a convenient and efficient strategy for harvesting solar energy, and shows promising application in the fields of water purification, desalination, and atmospheric water harvesting.
Development of transferable coarse-grained models of amino acids
Authors: Conway Olivia , An Yaxin , Bejagam Karteek K. , Deshmukh Sanket A.
Published: January 2020

We have developed transferable coarse-grained (CG) models of the twenty standard amino acids, which can be used to perform molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of peptide amphiphiles (PAs) in the presence of explicit solvent.
All-around coating of CoNi nanoalloy using a hierarchically porous carbon derived from bimetallic MOFs for highly efficient hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia-borane
Authors: Chen Min-Jie , Zhang Dai-Xue , Li Dan , Ke Shan-Chao , Ma Xiao-Chen , Chang Gang-Gang , Chen Jian , Yang Xiao-Yu
Published: January 2020

In situ synthesis of core–shell carbon enclosed CoNi alloys achieves efficient heterogeneous catalysis.
Tunable electrochemiluminescence properties of CsPbBr3perovskite nanocrystals using mixed-monovalent cations
Authors: Chen Lu , Kang Qi , Li Zhe , Zhang Bin , Zou Guizheng , Shen Dazhong
Published: January 2020

Herein, we demonstrate a simple approach for tuning the elecrochemiluminescence (ECL) properties of CsPbBr3perovskite nanocrystals by using mixed-monovalent cations.
Amorphous nickel sulfide nanoparticles anchored on N-doped graphene nanotubes with superior properties for high-performance supercapacitors and efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Meng Alan , Yuan Xiangcheng , Shen Tong , Zhao Jian , Song Guanying , Lin Yusheng , Li Zhenjiang
Published: January 2020

Amorphous nickel sulfide nanoparticles electrodeposited on N-doped graphene nanotubes exhibit excellent electrochemical performance for asymmetric supercapacitors and the OER.
Insights into plasmon induced keto–enol isomerization
Authors: Zhang Wei , Kong Jie , Chen Huaxiang , Zhao Hongmei , You Tingting , Guo Yuanyuan , Guo Qianjin , Yin Penggang , Xia Andong
Published: January 2020

The proton transfer reaction (enol–keto isomerization) induced by hot hole transfer was successfully demonstrated using SERS and theoretical calculations.
Recent advances in pristine tri-metallic metal–organic frameworks toward the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Xue Jiang-Yan , Li Cong , Li Fei-Long , Gu Hong-Wei , Braunstein Pierre , Lang Jian-Ping
Published: January 2020

This minireview summarizes the synthesis strategies to access trimetallic MOFs and their catalytic performances toward the oxygen evolution reaction.
Agaric-derived N-doped carbon nanorod arrays@nanosheet networks coupled with molybdenum carbide nanoparticles as highly efficient pH-universal hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts
Authors: Kang Qiaoling , Li Mengyuan , Wang Zengrui , Lu Qingyi , Gao Feng
Published: January 2020

Non-precious agaric-derived carbon-based superstructures coupling with Mo2C nanoparticles were developed as efficient and stable pH universal hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts.
Engineering of monodisperse core–shell up-conversion dendritic mesoporous silica nanocomposites with a tunable pore size
Authors: Dai Yu , Yang Dongpeng , Yu Danping , Xie Songhai , Wang Biwei , Bu Juan , Shen Bin , Feng Wei , Li Fuyou
Published: January 2020

We developed a general method to obtain upconversion nanoparticle-based nanocomposites by coating a mesoporous silica layer as the loading matrix.
Star polymerization of norbornene derivatives using a tri-functionalized Blechert's olefin metathesis catalyst
Authors: Zhou Chulu , Hou Cuiping , Cheng Jianhua
Published: January 2020

A tri-functionalized initiator (IV) based on Blechert's catalyst as a highly efficient ROMP initiator for the living polymerization of norbornene derivatives.
Carbon nitride mediated strong metal–support interactions in a Au/TiO2 catalyst for aerobic oxidative desulfurization
Authors: Liu Mingyang , He Jing , Wu Peiwen , Lu Linjie , Wang Chao , Chen Linlin , Hua Mingqing , Zhu Wenshuai , Li Huaming
Published: January 2020

Supported Au nanocatalysts have been regarded as efficient catalysts.
EuNi2P4, the first magnetic unconventional clathrate preparedviaa mechanochemically assisted route
Authors: Plokhikh Igor V. , Khan Nazir , Tsirlin Alexander A. , Kuznetsov Alexey N. , Charkin Dmitri O. , Shevelkov Andrei V. , Pfitzner Arno
Published: January 2020

The first magnetic unconventional clathrate EuNi2P4has been prepared and its thermodynamic properties have been investigated.
Facile controlled synthesis of core–shell/yolk–shell/hollow ZIF-67@Co-LDH/SiO2via a self-template method
Authors: Lin Duoyu , Duan Pan , Yang Weiting , Liu Yanfeng , Pan Qinhe
Published: January 2020

Through the protection effect of CTAB, a facile controlled synthesis of core–shell/yolk–shell/hollow ZIF-67@Co-LDH/SiO2 under ambient conditions by adjusting the reaction time was realized.
Synthesis of 4-ethenyl quinazolines via rhodium(iii)-catalyzed [5 + 1] annulation reaction of N-arylamidines with cyclopropenones
Authors: Xing Huimin , Chen Jian , Shi Yuesen , Huang Tianle , Hai Li , Wu Yong
Published: January 2020

An unprecedented synthesis of 4-ethenyl quinazolines/2-benzoyl quinazolines via Rh(iii)-catalyzed C–H annulation reaction was reported.
Metal (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb) removal from environmentally relevant waters using polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated magnetite nanoparticles
Authors: Hong Jie , Xie Junyu , Mirshahghassemi Seyyedali , Lead Jamie
Published: January 2020

PVP–Fe3O4 NPs synthesized with no organic solvents, low toxicity reactants and low temperature/energy requirements could remove Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb efficiently in the different synthetic water media under environmentally relevant conditions.
High catalytic activity of CuY catalysts prepared by high temperature anhydrous interaction for the oxidative carbonylation of methanol
Authors: Wang Yuchun , Liu Zhaorong , Tan Chao , Sun Hong , Li Zhong
Published: January 2020

The CuY catalysts prepared by high temperature anhydrous interaction were activated under different atmospheres and the activities were measured for the oxidative carbonylation of methanol to dimethyl carbonate under atmospheric pressure.
Kinetic study of esterification over structured ZSM-5-coated catalysts based on fluid flow situations in macrocellular foam materials
Authors: Gao Xin , Ding Qiuyan , Wu Yan , Jiao Yilai , Zhang Jinsong , Li Xingang , Li Hong
Published: January 2020

Kinetics on the structured catalysts exhibited strong dependency on a fluid flow characteristic (e.g., Re number). The results can guide the design of structured catalytic packing in the applications of the reaction distillation (RD) process.
Conversion of magnesium waste into a complex magnesium hydride system: Mg(NH2)2–LiH
Authors: Cao Hujun , Pistidda Claudio , Castro Riglos Maria Victoria , Chaudhary Anna-Lisa , Capurso Giovanni , Tseng Jo-Chi , Puszkiel Julián , Wharmby Michael T. , Gemming Thomas , Chen Ping , Klassen Thomas , Dornheim Martin
Published: January 2020

A new route to synthesize the Mg(NH2)2–2LiH composite is proposed starting from magnesium waste alloy and LiH, after a multi-step treatment. This is an effective way to convert magnesium waste into light weight hydrogen storage materials.
Contrast variation SANS measurement of shell monomer density profiles of smart core–shell microgels
Authors: Cors Marian , Wiehemeier Lars , Wrede Oliver , Feoktystov Artem , Cousin Fabrice , Hellweg Thomas , Oberdisse Julian
Published: January 2020

The radial density profile of deuterated poly(N,n-propyl acrylamide) shell monomers within core–shell microgels has been studied by small-angle neutron scattering in order to shed light on the origin of their linear thermally-induced swelling.
In situ thermally polymerized solid composite electrolytes with a broad electrochemical window for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Li Zhuo , Xie Hui-Xin , Zhang Xing-Yan , Guo Xin
Published: January 2020

In situ polymerization creates composite electrolytes with broad electrochemical windows and conformal interfaces with electrodes, resulting in high-performance solid-state NCM-Li batteries.
Novel folic acid complex derived nitrogen and nickel co-doped carbon nanotubes with embedded Ni nanoparticles as efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction
Authors: Wang Xuewan , Wu Dan , Dai Chengzhi , Xu Chenyu , Sui Pengfei , Feng Renfei , Wei Yinping , Fu Xian-Zhu , Luo Jing-Li
Published: January 2020

Uniform and highly porous Ni, N codoped CNTs are prepared from a sustainable bioligand via a template-free method and exhibit superior electrocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction to CO.
Enhancing the kinetics of lithium–sulfur batteries under solid-state conversion by using tellurium as a eutectic accelerator
Authors: Li Shuping , Ma Jingqi , Zeng Ziqi , Hu Wei , Zhang Wei , Cheng Shijie , Xie Jia
Published: January 2020

Te as a eutectic accelerator can effectively enhance the kinetics of lithium–sulfur battery under solid-state conversion.
A tumor-targeted, intracellular activatable and theranostic nanodiamond drug platform for strongly enhanced in vivo antitumor therapy
Authors: Du Xiangbin , Li Lin , Wei Shiguo , Wang Songbai , Li Yingqi
Published: January 2020

Enhancing tumor homing and improving the efficacy of drugs are urgent needs for cancer treatment.
Wearable biochemical sensors for human health monitoring: sensing materials and manufacturing technologies
Authors: Li Guanglei , Wen Dan
Published: January 2020

Recent achievements and challenges in materials and manufacturing technologies of sensing electrodes in wearable biosensors have been highlighted.
Super soft conductors based on liquid metal/cotton composites
Authors: He Shuai , Zhou Caixia , Chen Hualin , Liu Xingli , Li Hui , Ma Wenming , Su Xin , Han Tao
Published: January 2020

Super soft conductors were fabricated with a cotton thread as the soft substrate and liquid metals as the conductive filler.
Magnon-drag thermopower in antiferromagnets versus ferromagnets
Authors: Polash Md. Mobarak Hossain , Mohaddes Farzad , Rasoulianboroujeni Morteza , Vashaee Daryoosh
Published: January 2020

Multi magnon interaction with carriers limits the magnon lifetime in FMs compared to AFMs. The longer lifetime, double degeneracy, and higher group velocity of magnons in AFMs generally lead to higher first-order magnon-carrier drag thermopower.
Glucose-induced microRNA-218 suppresses the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of human retinal pigment epithelium cells by targeting RUNX2
Authors: Yao Rui , Yao Xiaoxi , Liu Ru , Peng Jingli , Tian Tao
Published: January 2020

Objective: MicroRNA-218 (miR-218) critical for preventing the progression of numerous diseases, including diseases of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). However, the mechanism by which miR-218 regulates the PRE in humans remains largely unknown. Our study investigated the effects of glucose-induced miR-218 expression on human RPE cells (ARPE-19), as well as its targeted regulatory effect.

Methods: The levels of miR-218 and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression were investigated by RT-qPCR or Western blot assays. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by CCK-8 assays, flow cytometry, and Hoechst staining. A luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine whether Runx2 is a target gene of miR-218.

Results: Our results showed that glucose up-regulated miR-218 expression, suppressed proliferation, and induced the apoptosis of ARPE-19 cells. We verified that miR-218 could inhibit the proliferation and facilitate the apoptosis of ARPE-19 cells, while inhibition of miR-218 expression produced the opposite effects. In terms of mechanism, we demonstrated that RUNX2 was a direct target of miR-218. Functional experiments showed that Runx2 served as a miR-218 target to help inhibit the proliferation and induction of apoptosis in ARPE-19 cells.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest the miR-218/Runx2 axis as a potential target for treating diabetic retinopathy (DR).
WITHDRAWN: Associations of polymorphisms in CTLA-4 and IL-18 with liver diseases: evidence from a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Shenglong , Yang Xianwei , Wang Wentao
Published: January 2020

The Accepted Manuscript version of this article (published on 23 December 2019) was withdrawn on 7 July 2020 due to concerns over data validity.
Silencing of PTX3 alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory pain by regulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in mice
Authors: Qi Shuang , Zhao Feng , Li Zinan , Liang Feng , Yu Shanshan
Published: January 2020

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), an inflammatory marker and a pattern recognition receptor, plays an important role in promoting the progress of tumor and inflammatory diseases. However, the role of PTX3 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory pain diseases is rarely reported. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of PTX3 on the progression of inflammatory pain and the special molecular mechanism. A mouse BV2 microglia cell activation-mediated inflammatory model was developed with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction, and a mouse inflammatory pain model was established with LPS injection. The effect of PTX3 on microglia inflammatory activation was verified by measuring pro-inflammatory cytokines expression. The mechanical hyperalgesia testing, the thermal preference testing and the cold allodynia testing were used to measure the response of mice to mechanical pain, heat stimulation and cold stimulation, respectively. The results revealed that the expression of PTX3 was decreased in the LPS-induced inflammatory pain mice model. Silencing of PTX3 down-regulated LPS-induced inflammatory factors, including IL-6, NO and TNF-α, and alleviated LPS-induced inflammatory pain in BV2 cells. In addition, overexpression of TLR4 reversed the inhibitory effect of si-PTX3 on LPS-induced inflammatory response in BV2 cells. What is more, silencing of PTX3 inhibited TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Collectively, it suggests that silencing of PTX3 alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory response of BV2 cells potentially by regulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Common modifications of selenocysteine in selenoproteins
Authors: Arnér Elias S.J.
Published: January 2020

Selenocysteine (Sec), the sulfur-to-selenium substituted variant of cysteine (Cys), is the defining entity of selenoproteins. These are naturally expressed in many diverse organisms and constitute a unique class of proteins. As a result of the physicochemical characteristics of selenium when compared with sulfur, Sec is typically more reactive than Cys while participating in similar reactions, and there are also some qualitative differences in the reactivities between the two amino acids. This minireview discusses the types of modifications of Sec in selenoproteins that have thus far been experimentally validated. These modifications include direct covalent binding through the Se atom of Sec to other chalcogen atoms (S, O and Se) as present in redox active molecular motifs, derivatization of Sec via the direct covalent binding to non-chalcogen elements (Ni, Mb, N, Au and C), and the loss of Se from Sec resulting in formation of dehydroalanine. To understand the nature of these Sec modifications is crucial for an understanding of selenoprotein reactivities in biological, physiological and pathophysiological contexts.
An accurate strong lensing model of the Abell 2163 core
Authors: Rescigno U. , Grillo C. , Lombardi M. , Rosati P. , Caminha G. B. , Meneghetti M. , Mercurio A. , Bergamini P. , Coe D.
Published: January 2020

Abell 2163 at z ≃ 0.201 is one of the most massive galaxy clusters known, very likely in a post-merging phase. Data from several observational windows suggest a complex mass structure with interacting subsystems, which makes the reconstruction of a realistic merging scenario very difficult. A missing key element in this sense is unveiling the cluster mass distribution at high resolution. We perform such a reconstruction of the cluster inner total mass through a strong lensing model based on new spectroscopic redshift measurements. We use data from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer on the Very Large Telescope to confirm 12 multiple images of four sources with redshift values from 1.16 to 2.72. We also discover four new multiple images and identify 29 cluster members and 35 foreground and background sources. The resulting galaxy member and image catalogs are used to build five cluster total mass models. The fiducial model consists of 111 small-scale subhalos, plus a diffuse component, which is centered ∼2″ away from the BCG belonging to the east Abell 2163 subcluster. We confirm that the latter is well represented by a single, large-scale mass component. Its strong elongation towards a second (west) subcluster confirms the existence of a preferential axis, corresponding to the merging direction. From the fiducial model, we extrapolate the cumulative projected total mass profile and measure a value of M(<300 kpc) = 1.43−0.06+0.07 × 1014 M⊙, which has a significantly reduced statistical error compared with previous estimates, thanks to the inclusion of the spectroscopic redshifts. Our strong lensing results are very accurate: the model-predicted positions of the multiple images are, on average, only 0″​​.15 away from the observed ones.
Photolysis-induced scrambling of PAHs as a mechanism for deuterium storage
Authors: Wiersma Sandra D. , Candian Alessandra , Bakker Joost M. , Martens Jonathan , Berden Giel , Oomens Jos , Buma Wybren Jan , Petrignani Annemieke
Published: January 2020

Aims. We investigate the possible role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a sink for deuterium in the interstellar medium (ISM) and study UV photolysis as a potential underlying chemical process in the variations of the deuterium fractionation in the ISM.

Methods. The UV photo-induced fragmentation of various isotopologs of deuterium-enriched, protonated anthracene and phenanthrene ions (both C14H10 isomers) was recorded in a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer. Infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy using the Free-Electron Laser for Infrared eXperiments was applied to provide IR spectra. Infrared spectra calculated using density functional theory were compared to the experimental data to identify the isomers present in the experiment. Transition-state energies and reaction rates were also calculated and related to the experimentally observed fragmentation product abundances.

Results. The photofragmentation mass spectra for both UV and IRMPD photolysis only show the loss of atomic hydrogen from [D − C14H10]+, whereas [H − C14D10]+ shows a strong preference for the elimination of deuterium. Transition state calculations reveal facile 1,2-H and -D shift reactions, with associated energy barriers lower than the energy supplied by the photo-excitation process. Together with confirmation of the ground-state structures via the IR spectra, we determined that the photolytic processes of the two different PAHs are largely governed by scrambling where the H and the D atoms relocate between different peripheral C atoms. The ∼0.1 eV difference in zero-point energy between C–H and C–D bonds ultimately leads to faster H scrambling than D scrambling, and increased H atom loss compared to D atom loss.

Conclusions. We conclude that scrambling is common in PAH cations under UV radiation. Upon photoexcitation of deuterium-enriched PAHs, the scrambling results in a higher probability for the aliphatic D atom to migrate to a strongly bound aromatic site, protecting it from elimination. We speculate that this could lead to increased deuteration as a PAH moves towards more exposed interstellar environments. Also, large, compact PAHs with an aliphatic C–HD group on solo sites might be responsible for the majority of aliphatic C–D stretching bands seen in astronomical spectra. An accurate photochemical model of PAHs that considers deuterium scrambling is needed to study this further.
The effect of warm gas on the buckling instability in galactic bars
Authors: Łokas Ewa L.
Published: January 2020

By usingN-body and hydro simulations, we study the formation and evolution of bars in galaxies with significant gas content focusing on the phenomenon of the buckling instability. The galaxies are initially composed of a spherical dark matter halo and only stellar, or stellar and gaseous, disks with parameters that are similar to the Milky Way and are evolved for 10 Gyr. We consider different values of the gas fractionf = 0−0.3 and in order to isolate the effect of the gas, we kept the fraction constant during the evolution by not allowing the gas to cool and form stars. The stellar bars that form in simulations with higher gas fractions are weaker and shorter, and they do not form at all for gas fractions that are higher than 0.3. The bar with a gas fraction of 0.1 forms sooner due to initial perturbations in the gas, but despite the longer evolution, it does not become stronger than the one in the collisionless case at the end of evolution. The bars in the gas component are weaker; they reach their maximum strength around 4 Gyr and later decline to transform into spheroidal shapes. The distortion of the stellar bar during the buckling instability is weaker for higher gas fractions and weakens the bar less significantly, but it has a similar structure both in terms of radial profiles and in face-on projections. Forf = 0.2, the first buckling lasts significantly longer and the bar does not undergo the secondary buckling event, while forf = 0.3, the buckling does not occur. Despite these differences, all bars develop boxy/peanut shapes in the stellar and gas component by the end of the evolution, although their thickness is smaller for higher gas fractions.
Editorial
Authors: Ruimy Anne , Volpert Vitaly
Published: January 2020

We are pleased to announce to the authors and readers of Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena (MMNP) a number of changes for 2020. These changes concern: the indexing of the journal, the format of publication, and the structure of the editorial board.
Abdominelle Notfallsonografie in der Intensiv- und Akutmedizin
Authors: Schreiber Michael , Greim Clemens-Alexander
Published: January 2020

The rising impact of perioperative sonography is mainly based on mobile high quality ultrasound systems. Relevant bleedings or functional limitations of the abdomen are easy to identify with sonography. The FAST-Concept can be the first access to continue proceedings in ultrasound examination of the abdomen. This paper demonstrates some important ultrasound examinations of the abdomen. The clinical main issues are traumatic and atraumatic bleedings of heart, liver and spleen with haemodynamic instability and functional limitations of abdominal organs like bile cystitis, gastrointestinal passage disability and obstructive uropathy. Just outside of the normal working time the ultrasound experts are often not promptly available. The demonstrated techniques allow in acute medicine to make a diagnosis and to decide fast in critical situations. Perspective in view of the many benefits and possibilities, point-of-care ultrasound will be a high-ranking skill in the field of anaesthesia, emergency medicine or intensive care.
Vitamin D in der Prävention von Typ-2-Diabetes?!
Authors: Gröber Uwe , Holick Michael F.
Published: January 2020

Aktuelle Studien zeigen einen Zusammenhang zwischen unzureichender Versorgung mit Vitamin D und einem erhöhten Risiko für das metabolische Syndrom sowie die Progression vom Prädiabetes zum manifesten Typ-2-Diabetes. Ein Vitamin-D-Mangel erhöht die Insulinresistenz und verringert die Insulinsekretion der Betazellen im Pankreas. Von einer Supplementierung profitieren v. a. Patienten mit einem ausgeprägten Mangel.
Arzneimittel und Magnesium
Authors: Gröber Uwe
Published: January 2020

Bei einer Pharmakotherapie kann einerseits die Arzneistoffwirkung beeinträchtigt und andererseits die physiologische Funktion von Magnesium gestört werden, da der Mineralstoff die gleichen Transport- und Stoffwechselwege benutzt wie Arzneimittel. Die Interaktionen werden u. a. durch das Alter, die Ernährung und genetische Defekte magnesiumtransportierender Proteine beeinflusst.
Was hat sich seit Publikation der S3-Leitlinie „Invasive Beatmung und Einsatz extrakorporaler Verfahren“ getan?
Authors: Karagiannidis C. , Bein T. , Windisch W.
Published: January 2020

Ende 2017 erschien die erste Deutsche S3-Leitlinie zur invasiven Beatmung und dem Einsatz extrakorporaler Verfahren bei akuter
respiratorischer Insuffizienz. Der vorliegende Artikel beschreibt die wesentlichen, seit Erstellung der Leitlinie etablierten Neuerungen. Im Fokus steht die neue Evidenz zum Einsatz extrakorporaler Lungenersatzverfahren, die Phänotypisierung des ARDS, der Stellenwert der Muskelrelaxierung sowie die nicht-invasive Beatmung und High-Flow-Sauerstoff-Therapie.
Thyroid Hormone Actions and Bone Remodeling – The Role of the
Wnt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Lademann Franziska , Tsourdi Elena , Hofbauer Lorenz C. , Rauner Martina
Published: January 2020

Thyroid hormones are indispensable for bone development and growth. Also in
adults, bone mass maintenance is under the control of thyroid hormones.
Preclinical and clinical studies established untreated hyperthyroidism as a
cause for secondary osteoporosis with increased fracture risk. Thus, normal
thyroid function is essential for bone health. Mechanistically, thyroid hormone
excess accelerates bone turnover with predominant bone resorption. How thyroid
hormones affect osteoblast and osteoclast functions, however, still remains
ill-defined. The Wnt signaling pathway is a major determinant of bone mass and
strength as it promotes osteoblastogenesis and bone formation, while inhibiting
bone resorption. So far, only few studies investigated a possible link between
thyroid hormones, bone metabolism and the Wnt pathway. In this review, we
summarize the literature linking thyroid hormones to bone homeostasis through
Wnt signaling and discuss its potential as a therapeutic approach to treat
hyperthyroidism-induced bone loss.
The Association between Gestational Weight Gain in Each Trimester and Pregnancy Outcomes in Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Liu Lilly Y. , Zafman Kelly B. , Fox Nathan S.
Published: January 2020

Objective Adequate maternal weight gain in twin pregnancies is associated with improved outcomes such as increased fetal growth and decreased incidence of preterm birth. However, it remains unclear when gestational weight gain has the greatest influence on pregnancy outcomes. Our objective was to identify at which time in a twin pregnancy does inadequate maternal weight gain have the greatest association with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of women with twin pregnancies and normal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI, 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) who delivered at ≥24 weeks' gestation by a single maternal–fetal medicine practice between 2005 and 2017. Baseline characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared between women with and without adequate average gestational weight gain (weight gain per week based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations). This analysis was performed for weight gain over the entire pregnancy, as well as from 0 to 16, 16 to 24, and 24 weeks to delivery. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to control for potential confounding variables.

Results A total of 609 women with twin pregnancies and normal prepregnancy BMI were included, of whom 386 (63.4%) had adequate average gestational weight gain over the entire pregnancy and 223 (36.6%) did not. Inadequate average gestational weight gain between 0 and 16 weeks' gestation was associated with a higher incidence of birthweight less than the 10th percentile for gestational age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11–2.51) and less than the 5th percentile for gestational age (aOR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.29–3.40). Inadequate gestational weight gain between 16 and 24 weeks was associated with lower birthweight of the larger twin (β: –0.09; p = 0.04). Inadequate weight gain from 24 weeks to delivery was associated with spontaneous preterm birth <37 weeks' gestation (aOR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.13–2.47), <34 weeks' gestation (aOR: 4.32; 95% CI: 2.45–7.63), <32 weeks' gestation (aOR: 9.07; 95% CI: 3.66–22.48), and a lower incidence of preeclampsia (aOR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.16–0.63).

Conclusion In twin pregnancies, gestational weight gain between 0 and 16 weeks as well as between 16 and 24 weeks is most associated with fetal growth, whereas gestational weight gain after 24 weeks is most associated with preterm birth. This may help elucidate the mechanism of action of the impact of gestational weight gain in twin pregnancies.
An Unusual Association: Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return and Aortic Arch Obstruction in Patients with Cat Eye Syndrome
Authors: Williams Jason L. , McDonald Marie T. , Seifert Bryce A. , Deak Kristen L. , Rehder Catherine W. , Campbell Michael J.
Published: January 2020

Cat eye syndrome (CES) is a rare genetic defect, characterized by iris colobomas, preauricular skin tags, and anal malformations. Affecting 1 in 150,000 people, this defect is caused by duplication or triplication of the proximal long (q) arm of chromosome 22. Congenital heart disease is associated with CES. One of the most common heart defects in patients with CES is total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR). In this article, we reported patients with a rare association of concomitant TAPVR and aortic arch obstruction: one with interrupted aortic arch and the other with coarctation of the aorta with an aberrant right subclavian artery.
A Delphi Analysis to Reach Consensus on Preoperative Care in Infants with Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Authors: van den Bunder Fenne A. I. M. , Hall Nigel J. , van Heurn L. W. Ernest , Derikx Joep P. M.
Published: January 2020

Introduction Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is a common gastrointestinal condition that can lead to metabolic alkalosis and, if uncorrected, to respiratory complications. A standardized approach to correct metabolic derangements and dehydration may reduce time until pyloromyotomy while preventing potential respiratory complications. Such an evidence-based policy regarding preoperative care is absent. We aim to formulate a recommendation about preoperative care for infants with IHPS using the Delphi technique.

Materials and Methods The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method was used to reach international consensus in a panel of pediatric surgeons, pediatric anesthetists, and pediatricians. Statements on type and frequency of blood sampling, required serum concentrations before pyloromyotomy and intravenous fluid therapy, were rated online using a 9-point Likert scale. Consensus was present if the panel rated the statement appropriate/obligatory (panel median: 7–9) or inappropriate/unnecessary (panel median: 1–3) without disagreement according to the interpercentile range adjusted for symmetry formula.

Results Thirty-three and twenty-nine panel members completed the first and second round, respectively. Consensus was reached in 54/74 statements (73%). The panel recommended the following laboratory tests and corresponding cutoff values prior to pyloromyotomy: pH ≤7.45, base excess ≤3.5, bicarbonate <26 mmol/L, sodium ≥132 mmol/L, potassium ≥3.5 mmol/L, chloride ≥100 mmol/L, and glucose ≥4.0 mmol/L. Isotonic crystalloid with 5% dextrose and 10 to 20 mEq/L potassium should be used for fluid resuscitation.

Conclusion Consensus is reached in an expert panel about assessment of metabolic derangements at admission, cutoff serum concentrations to be achieved prior to pyloromyotomy, and appropriate intravenous fluid regime for the correction of dehydration and metabolic derangements in infants with IHPS.