bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends of lung cancer mortality in Serbia: A jointpoint regression analysis and an age-period-cohort analysis
Authors: Ilić Irena , Ilić Milena
Published: October 2024

Background: Lung cancer has been the leading cancer-related cause of deaths in the world during the past decades. The aim of this study was to assess the lung cancer mortality trends in Serbia from 1998 to 2020. Methods and Objectives: A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted. This study is based on publicly available, completely anonymized data sources. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASRs, per 100,000) were calculated. Joint point regression analysis was used to assess estimated annual percent change (EAPC) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Additionally, an age-period-cohort analysis was performed. Results: In males, the ASRs of lung cancer mortality in Serbia showed stable trends during the entire study period (EAPC = 0.07%, 95% CI = -0.77 to 0.92). In contrast, a significantly increased mortality trend of lung cancer was observed in women (EAPC = 3.00%, 95% CI = 1.40 to 4.70). By sexes, final selected models rejected parallelism (p < 0.05) for all ages combined and for age up to 50. Mortality rates from lung cancer in older age groups increased significantly both in males and females. Lung cancer mortality trends significantly decreased in birth cohort from 1946 to 1995, while a significant decline in lung cancer mortality in females was observed in birth cohort from 1956 to 1995. Conclusions: This analysis showed diverse trends in mortality of lung cancer by sex in Serbia. The increase in mortality trends for females warrants further attention. Besides, further efforts to reduce mortality from lung cancer in Serbia are required.
Importance of RhD zygosity determination as the prognostic value for targeted RhD immunoprophylaxis
Authors: Đilas Iva , Stošić Maja , Jovanović-Srzentić Snežana
Published: October 2024

Background: It became clear that a small number of RhD-negative women carrying an RhD-positive fetus continued to be immunized despite the administration of hyperimmune anti-D IgG after delivery, leading to the modification of this program, by giving one or two doses of hyperimmune anti-D IgG in the third trimester of pregnancy, with the addition of one dose after the birth of an RhD-positive child. Since in this practice the RhD status of the fetus is unknown, hyperimmune anti-D IgG is given to all RhD-negative pregnant women despite the fact that about 35-40% of these women carry an RhD-negative fetus. Methods and Objectives: Literature review has been performed with the objective to assess the importance of RHD zygosity determination for targeted RhD immunoprophylaxis. Results: RhD-negative pregnant woman, whose partner is RhD-positive hemizygous, has a 50% chance of having an RhD-positive child. The established frequency of RHD hemizygotes is about 56 % for Caucasians, but it is recommended that each country determine its own frequency. RhD immunoglobulin product of human origin, whose resources are limited and depend on the number of donors undergoing active hyper immunization, is considered to have a potential risk of transmission of pathogens or infectious agents and therefore, from an ethical point of view, should be used only when it is necessary. In Serbia, such data do not exist, as well as data on the prevalence of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn in RhD incompatible pregnancies. In Blood Transfusion Institute of Serbia, determination of the zygosity of the RHD locus is implemented for all serologically RhD-positive partners. The test is based on qPCR technology. An analysis of the presence of exon 1 and exon 10 sequences of the RHD gene is performed, and the testing is performed in quadruplicate. Conclusions: Determining the RHD zygosity of the RhD-positive father in RhD incompatible pregnancies is valuable information, when the mother is RhD-negative and it is necessary to assess whether she is carrying an RhD-positive child.
Social media use and gaming among high school students in Novi Sad
Authors: Čanković Dušan , Tamaš Tatjana , Ukropina Snežana , Čanković Sonja , Radić Ivana , Milijašević Dragana
Published: October 2024

Background: The prevalence of internet use is constantly increasing, necessitating a continuous assessment of its problematic use and factors influencing it. This disorder is particularly relevant in adolescents and young adults who use the internet more than other age groups. The objective of our study was to determine the factors influencing the duration of social media use and online gaming. Objectives and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of first-grade high school students in Novi Sad. The analysis included 876 respondents, of whom 477 were females (54%). The research instrument used was the European School Project on Alcohol and other Drugs questionnaire from 2019, which was completed online. Results: On weekdays, students mostly spent 2-3 hours on social media (31.4%), while on weekends, they spent six or more hours (29.1%), in both cases significantly more girls (p<0.001). Students who played games during the week mostly did so for half an hour or less, and on weekends for 2 to 3 hours, significantly more boys (p<0.001). Young people who consumed alcohol in the last 30 days significantly more often used social media longer during the day (p<0.001), as did those who skipped classes more frequently (p=0.003). Current smokers are also significantly more likely to use social media for six or more hours on weekdays and weekends (p<0.001 and p=0.005). Respondents who played video games "almost every day" gambled significantly more often in the last 12 months (p=0.016) compared to those who did not play video games "almost every day". Parents of respondents who played video games "almost every day" are more often highly educated. Conclusions: Research increasingly recognizes the need for implementing preventive programs to prevent excessive internet use among young people in our environment. Recognizing different patterns of internet use and factors influencing them can improve the adaptation of prevention programs to various target groups.
Monitoring the new trends in women's aging and addressing nequities in healthcare system: Proceedings from the Salzburg Seminar in San Diego, USA, 2024
Authors: Skeete Diana , Milić Jelena
Published: October 2024

Background: The increasing life expectancy of females presents both clinical and socio-ecological challenges, particularly concerning menopause and aging-related healthcare. With a growing number of older women, there is a critical need for enhanced health monitoring and support systems. Menopause, a significant phase of aging, highlights the importance of targeted medical interventions and continuous health monitoring to address the multifaceted needs of aging women effectively. Methods and Objectives: A mixed-methods approach was used, including a review of seminar discussions from the January 2022 Salzburg Global seminar and a comprehensive literature review on menopause management and caregiver education. Data were collected through thematic analysis of seminar proceedings and expert interviews, complemented by surveys on caregiver training programs and healthcare policies. Our objective was assessing the implications of rising female life expectancy, with a particular focus on the importance of health monitoring during menopause and the effectiveness of current caregiver education. The secondary objective was to identify gaps in existing healthcare provisions and propose solutions for improving support systems for aging women. Results: The research revealed significant gaps in health monitoring and caregiver education. Existing programs often fail to address the continuous healthcare needs of aging women, particularly those undergoing menopause. This inadequacy impacts the quality of care and support available to this demographic, affecting their overall health and well-being. Conclusions: Effective healthcare system is crucial for aging women, especially during menopause, to ensure timely and appropriate care. There is a need for improved caregiver education and healthcare system policies that focus on the continuous health needs of aging women. Implementing targeted monitoring and support strategies will enhance the quality of care and address the unique challenges faced by this growing population.
Analysis of food supplements from the category "fat burners"
Authors: Dodevska Margarita , Radić Marina , Ivanović Nevena
Published: October 2024

Background: Food supplements that are claimed to acutely accelerate fat metabolism or increase energy expenditure, interfere with fat absorption, increase fat oxidation during exercise, and/or lead to long-term metabolic-promoting changes are known as "fat burners". In order to improve sports performance, they are among the most popular sports supplements (whether for professional and/ or recreational athletes). Methods and Objectives: The aim of this paper was to review and analyze the composition of food supplements from the category "fat burners" that are present on the market of the Republic of Serbia. Data on food supplements from the category "fat burners" on the market of the Republic of Serbia were obtained through a photographic repository that was previously collected with the consent of the competent manager of the sales facility. The data was also found on the official websites of specialized online stores for sports supplements. Data collection was carried out during July-August 2023 in the area of the city of Belgrade. Results: 30 different food supplements from the category "fat burners" were recorded on the market of the Republic of Serbia. Out of a total of 30 (100%) food supplements analyzed, 20 (66.67%) products contain L-carnitine as an active ingredient, caffeine is found in 12 (40%) products, as well as green tea extract, while the presence of synephrine, which mainly derived from bitter orange extract recorded in 7 (23.33%) products. In most cases, these are polycomponent products in terms of active ingredients. Conclusion: According to the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), of the mentioned active substances, only caffeine belongs to the group of approved supplements (group A). This means that there is an evidence that confirms the effects of caffeine and shows that it really improves athletic performance if used as prescribed. Given that none of the remaining active ingredients, including the most abundant L-carnitine (belongs to group B consisting of supplements that are still under research and consideration), are not in group A, for none of them there are studies proving their effectiveness as "fat burners".
Correlation of depression and oral health status of elderly people in Serbia
Authors: Stepović Miloš , Sekulić Marija , Rajković-Pavlović Zlata , Radovanović Jovana , Selaković Viktor , Marković Vladan , Šorak Marija , Maričić Milena , Petrović Ivica
Published: October 2024

Background: Depression is one of the most common mental health diseases among people. Retirement, lost partner, multiple diseases are some of the most common factors that contributes to the depression among elderly people. Older people tend to have weaker oral hygiene and more dental prosthetics which also affect their mood, satisfaction and self-esteem. The aim of this research was to determine the correlation of depression and characteristics of oral health in adults older than 65 years in Serbia. Methods and Objectives: The survey was conducted as a part of the fourth National Population Health Survey in 2019 in accordance with the methodology and instruments of the European Health Survey. It was implemented by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia, in cooperation with the Institute of Public Health of Serbia and the Republic Institute of Statistics. Data on the population aged 65 years and over was analysed with SPSS by descriptive statistical methods and correlation was determinate with chi-square test with p significance less than 0.05. Results: This research analysed 3705 respondents, 44.9% male and 55.1% female, with mean age of 73.4 ±6.8. In the last examined year, 284 (7.7%) of older people had depression, and 3421 (92.3%) did not have depression. Significant correlation was found between depression and subjective oral health of participants, number of missing teeth and presents of total and partial dentures. 36.6% of individuals with depression described their oral health as bad, 42.3% had lost all of their teeth, and 58.5% and 87.7% of them did not have total or partial denture. Conclusions: Our study suggests that depression has a strong impact on self-perceived oral health and oral health status of elderly people. Loos teeth and inadequate dentures can enhance dissatisfaction of individuals with depression, decrease their oral health quality of life and impact their overall health. Because of that, this issue has strong public health significance and demands multidisciplinary approach.
Influence of young women's health literacy on knowledge about reproductive health and sexually transmitted diseases
Authors: Maričić Milena , Pažun Vanja , Stepović Miloš
Published: October 2024

Background: The most searched topics in younger population are focused on reproductive and sexual health. Sexual health is crucial for physical and mental health and overall well-being, and it is fundamental in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy and STDs among adolescents. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of health literacy on knowledge about reproductive health and sexually transmitted diseases in younger woman in Serbia. Methods and Objectives: This research was conducted as observational, cross-section study. We used STOFHLA to assess the health literacy level of young people and General information questionnaire for demographic, social and economic characteristics of respondents, health knowledge and behaviour in the area of reproductive health. Chi square test was performed to assess the existence of correlation between categorical variables using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23. Results: Our research was conducted on 233 young females, with median age of 21.2±2.25. 97% of respondents had adequate level of literacy and 3% had marginal level. Opinion of woman respondents was that the most common STD were chlamydia and HPV, more than a half did not know about the existence of HPV vaccine (67%), but 82% did know about hepatitis B vaccine. Half of them thought that HPV only can be transmitted by sexual contact, with most common symptoms itching and increased secret production. Results of our research found significant connection between levels of health literacy and knowledge about HPV vaccination (p = 0.051) and the way of HPV transmissions (p = 0.041). Conclusions: The importance of this research is reflected in its contribution to a clearer understanding of the impact of health literacy and on the reproductive health of young women in Serbia, with the aim of using this information to improve public policies, health interventions and educational programs.
The use of facial recognition technologies
Authors: Kukk Urmas
Published: October 2024

The paper discusses the use of facial recognition technology in the Republic of Estonia both by state authorities and in the private sector. The possibility of using facial recognition technology in elections is pointed out, while underlining all the shortcomings that arise in connection with it. Finally, the possibility of using face recognition technology in real time with video surveillance in public space is considered.
Facial recognition technologies and human rights: A brief country report (Slovenia)
Authors: Lemut Strle
Published: October 2024

The paper aims to describe the practice of using facial recognition technology and the impact it has on human rights in Slovenia. For this purpose, a case was used when public suspicion arose that the police were using facial recognition technology to identify participants in anti-government protests. The conclusion reached in the paper is that the Slovenian regulation on the use of automatic facial recognition systems seems proportionate, while some questions such as "is this technology necessary in a democratic society" remain open.
Facial recognition technology, and the rights and freedoms: Case of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Ružić Nevena
Published: October 2024

The issue of the use of facial recognition technology, which includes the processing of biometric data on a large scale, and in public areas in the Republic of Serbia, has been debated since 2019, when the deployment of these technologies was announced. The use of technology for the purpose of improving security and its impact on the rights and freedoms of persons may be viewed as conflicting interests, even mutually exclusive. Yet these two, equally important, interests are not necessarily incompatible. This paper presents an overview of the impact of the use of facial recognition technology on the behaviour of individuals, processes of drafting different versions of interior affairs bills containing provisions enabling the use of this technology and different versions of data protection impact assessments, as well as relevant acts of the United Nations and the European Union. Although the final answer whether the use of such technology to process biometric data in public areas should be permitted and, if so, when and under what conditions, is still pending, a proposal is given vis-à-vis measures that could contribute to the accommodation of different interests without interfering with the rights and freedoms of persons in a way that is not excessive in a democratic society.
Characteristics of victimological behavior among university students
Authors: Priorov German
Published: October 2024

In recent years, social-political and economic problems have profoundly influenced various aspects of young people's lives, particularly their awareness and behavior. University students, as a distinct social group, acutely feel the impact of ongoing societal processes, which in turn alter their behavior patterns in response to a new reality marked by an inevitable increase in the risk of victimization. This paper aims to investigate and generalize the findings of contemporary research on the victimological behavior of university students. The factors contributing to the victimizing behavior of university students within the contemporary social environment are examined. This study was conducted as a desk-based research project, involving a review of scholarly literature and the application of survey methods targeting a student population aged 17-23. The study identifies a group of students prone to victimization, characterized by maladaptive response styles, pessimistic assessments of their life prospects, and experiences of inferiority complexes. The study generalizes research findings on the factors leading to the victimization of university students and their victimological contributions within the context of the transformations in the modern Russian education system. It also explores the capabilities of these students that enable them to counteract the victimizing influences of external or internal environments.
New trends in cocanine smuggling in Europe with a focus on the western Balkan countries
Authors: Šikman Mile
Published: October 2024

Over the past decade, cocaine trafficking in Europe has expanded significantly. This is evidenced by law enforcement agencies' data on drug seizures across Europe and the steadily increasing number of users. Particularly noteworthy from our perspective is the involvement of nationals from the Western Balkan countries in these activities. International organizations estimate that individuals and criminal groups from this region have become the primary cocaine traffickers in Europe. The so-called "Balkan Cartel" has established strong connections in both the source countries and transit nations (South America), enabling them to smuggle large quantities of cocaine into destination countries throughout Europe. Data obtained by decrypting encrypted communication methods (Sky ECC, Anom) have led to current legal proceedings that are just beginning to uncover the extent of these activities. The aim of this paper is to highlight the prevalence of cocaine smuggling in Europe, with a focus on its impact on the Western Balkan countries, considering the involvement of their nationals in this criminal activity and the development of the cocaine market in the region.
Reflective management through social networks as a security challenge
Authors: Jaćimovski Stevo
Published: October 2024

Reflective management is one of the methods used for managing complex systems. This paper examines various aspects of reflective management and its impact on social structures through social networks. Examples of reflective influence on the motivation of social network users are provided. An assessment of the consequences of reflective management on the corresponding societal structures in terms of security is also presented.
Crime prevention through environmental design: The path to standardization
Authors: Stupar Tanja , Stupar Davor
Published: October 2024

Contemporary cities face numerous challenges, ranging from environmental to security issues. One of the most significant security challenges is the rise of urban crime and how to prevent it. Numerous examples have shown that the design of the environment can influence criminal behavior. Globally, the model known as Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) is recognized. To enhance urban safety, it is essential to implement crime prevention measures, and this model is particularly effective. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of CPTED for improving urban safety by shaping public urban spaces to be safe and attractive for citizens. Given that this model is still new in Republika Srpska, the goal is to present the development path and significance of CPTED standardization, as well as its application on a global level. This will form a theoretical research base and lay the foundations for initial research at institutes and universities, aiming for a comprehensive approach to urban safety analysis.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of a Technological Solution to Simultaneously Mitigate Soil Degradation and Control the Infestation of Invasive Plants
Authors: Tsuchiya Lucas Hubacek , da Silva Alexandre Marco
Published: October 2024

Geotextile-based products have been considered as an adequate alternative to mitigate soil degradation processes, either by erosion or invasion by weeds. Thus, we assessed the efficiency of a bag confectioned with jute fabric and filled with mowed grass. We constructed six experimental plots considering two experimental conditions - three with the control (uncovered) and three covered with the product we generated (jute bag). We conducted the study during a rainy period and analyzed the efficiency of the product using the indicators: soil-chemical balance (including organic matter), soil-water repellence (hydrophobicity), changes in the microtopography of the plots, and emergence and growth of plants. We identified that within the study period, the engineered product provided effective protection to the soil surface, mitigating erosion processes, as well as delaying the rise of weeds (21% reduction). The soil’s chemical and physical indicators evidenced that the soil was moderately improved. In this way, we argue that the product presents sufficient conditions to be an economically accessible alternative to control the soil degradation processes since it is simple and rapid to be manufactured and it uses materials that were initially considered waste, therefore being ecologically correct and interesting.
Preliminary quality/ price analysis for some Betula products
Authors:   Department of Biology-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, West University of Timişoara, 300223, Pestalozzi, No. 16, Romania, Ianuș Rebeca-Didina , Toplicean Ioana-Maria ,   Department of Biology-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, West University of Timişoara, 300223, Pestalozzi, No. 16, Romania, Pahomi Alexandru ,   Department of Biology-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, West University of Timişoara, 300223, Pestalozzi, No. 16, Romania, Datcu Adina-Daniela ,   Department of Biology-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, West University of Timişoara, 300223, Pestalozzi, No. 16, Romania
Published: October 2024

Species from Betula genus have been proven to have bioactive features, including anti-inflammatory, anti- carcinogenic and anti-rheumatic properties. They are either used for therapeutic or pharmacological purposes. There are a variety of types of products, from the well-known sap to tinctures or extracts, having different flavors, for a wider range of preferences. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the quality of liquid products produced from birch sap, from various companies and harvested naturally, in relation to the price of each product. This study required a thorough monitoring of prices over a period of several months, as well as qualitative and quantitative analyses. For the investigation of these indices, 6 types of products were used. The price rise research was conducted between November 2023 and January 2024, with 11 samples drawn from each type. All these tests reveal a link between the price of a product and its quality; thus, the more expensive products have a greater amount of sugar, which shows that the products have been preserved well.
Sensory properties of bakery products obtained by adding chickpea flour and oat fiber
Authors:   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Romînescu Ramona Carmen , Dossa Sylvestre ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Alexa Ersilia ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Poiana Mariana-Atena ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Riviș Adrian ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the study of the rheological properties of composite flours with functional potential in bakery obtained by replacing wheat flour with chickpea flour and adding fiber from oats. Chickpea flour has been used for the partial substitution of wheat flour in percentages of 10-25%, adding certain percentages of oat fibers (2-5%) to further increase the functional potential. The rheological properties of composite flours were analysed using MIXOLAB system by CHOPIN. The results shown that the higher the quantities of fiber and chickpeas, the lower the stability time of the dough and the stability times obtained for the different flours ranged from 7.97 to 6.55 min. Also, it was suggested that the gradual addition of chickpeas to wheat flour would weaken its protein quality. Even if there are some changes in the rheological behavior of chickpea-based composite flours, the present study indicates the possibility of successfully using this flour in bakery in order to increase the nutritional and functional value of the products.
Obtaining and characterization of doped lanthanum manganite through an unconventional method
Authors:   National Institute of Research and Development for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter,, Căta Adina , Lazăr Antonia ,   National Institute of Research and Development for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter,, Ienașcu Ioana M.C. ,   National Institute of Research and Development for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter / “Vasile Goldiş” Western University of Arad, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ursu Daniel ,   National Institute of Research and Development for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter,, Dabici Anamaria ,   National Institute of Research and Development for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Sfîrloagă Paula ,   National Institute of Research and Development for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter / Spin-off Nattive-Senz SRL
Published: October 2024

Considering the growing concern for food safety, the development of fast detection methods with high sensitivity and repeatability of specific food constituents is a huge necessity. In this regard, the electrochemical methods can be an effective way due to certain advantages such as low cost, fast response signal, high sensitivity and ease of use. The detection efficiency of electrochemical sensors mainly depends on the electrochemical characteristics of the electrode materials. Perovskite-based materials are ideal candidates for the development of electrochemical sensors due to their excellent catalytic activity and redox properties. We report herein the synthesis, morpho-structural properties, and electrical performance assessment of Ca doped lanthanum manganite by ultrasonic method with immersed sonotrode in the reaction medium. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were performed on the synthesized samples. The results indicated a wellcrystallized perovskite-type structure, and 29 nm average crystallite sizes. The electron microscopy images showed that the presence of the dopant influenced the surface morphology.
Solid state fermentation (SSF) of lupin flour in obtaining bakery product
Authors:   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Calea Aradului, No. 119, 300645, Timisoara Romania, Plustea Paven Loredana , Sylvestre Dossa ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Calea Aradului, No. 119, 300645, Timisoara Romania, Dragomir Christine ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Calea Aradului, No. 119, 300645, Timisoara Romania, Cocan Ileana ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Calea Aradului, No. 119, 300645, Timisoara Romania, Alexa Ersilia ,   University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Faculty of Food Engineering, Calea Aradului, No. 119, 300645, Timisoara Romania
Published: October 2024

Solid state fermentation (SSF) is an effective method used in the food industry in order to improve the nutritional properties of some products, respectively reducing anti-nutritional properties. This paper investigates the possibility of using Asspergillus sojae fermented lupin flour added in different proportions (10 30%) in obtaining bakery products with increased nutritional attributes. The proximate composition of the bread obtained with lupin flour fermented with Aspergillus sojae showed a higher protein content compared to a similar product obtained from unfermented flour, respectively a lipid intake, mineral substances and total polyphenols more marked by fermentation. The obtained results highlight the possibility of using lupin flour fermented with Aspergillus sojae as a floury matrix with applicability in baking in order to increase the nutritional and functional value of the obtained products.
Study Of Thermal Mechanical Properties Of Inconel 718 Reinforced With Ceramic Particles Manufactured By Plasma Metal Deposition (PMD)
Authors: Curti Pier Paolo , Ariza Enrique , Neubauer Erich , Scheerer Michael , Stelzer Nils , Bača Ľubos
Published: October 2024

Nickel superalloys due to their good thermal mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are widely used for high performance on high demanding applications and industries as space, aviation or (petro-) chemistry. Moreover, the processing of this material class is costly due to the raw material and problems related to traditional processing techniques as casting, forging, or milling (hot cracking, porosity, work hardening or wear on milling tools).\n Within this study the alloy Inconel 718 is processed with Plasma Metal Deposition (PMD®), an additive manufacturing process with high deposition rates for large part production. Additionally, the alloy is reinforced with ceramic particles to improve the mechanical properties at high temperatures. The weldability is studied. To assess the performance test coupons are investigated and analysed with respect to the mechanical properties.
Chromium And Tungsten Sulfides As Machining Aids In PM Steel
Authors: Gierl-Mayer Christian , Danninger Herbert
Published: October 2024

Additives in PM steels are widely used to improve machinability in turning or other machining operations. Commonly, MnS is added because it is cheap and does not have an excessive influence on the mechanical properties. However, MnS tends to form agglomerates and increases the susceptibility to corrosion in the sintered products. Potential alternatives could be sulfides of chromium or tungsten. In the present study these were compared with MnS at two different sintering temperatures. In addition to the thermal stability, both the machinability in turning and the mechanical properties were investigated. It turned out that at least Cr2S3 is a potential candidate as a cutting aid when sintering is done at belt furnace temperatures. Although WS2 seems to be effective, detailed analysis shows that this effectiveness is in fact due to the presence of MnS, which is formed during sintering by an internal getter effect.
Corrosion Testing Of High-Performance Stainless Steels In Liquid Lead
Authors: Masari F. , Pär Olsson , Szakálos Peter , Torralba JM , Campos M.
Published: October 2024

The use of molten lead as a heat exchange fluid poses important critical issues, both in terms of corrosion resistance and creep resistance, due to the temperatures and structural stresses reached during operation. The objective of this work has been the investigation of the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of new experimental compositions of alumina-forming stainless-steel candidates for these applications. The exposures to stagnant liquid lead were carried out for 500 and 1,000 hours, at temperatures of 550 and 650 °C, with controlled amounts of oxygen dissolved in the liquid lead. In comparison with the AISI 316L and T91 both tested as reference materials, the studied alloys showed highly promising corrosion behavior and mechanical properties. According to these results, the proposed steels are appropriate for components that will operate in liquid lead at elevated temperatures without corrosion, while maintaining good mechanical properties.
Bore Well Rescue System
Authors: N Rathika , M Elumalai , K Alamelu , S Balachandran , G Sri Devi
Published: October 2024

This project proposes an innovative IoT based bore well child rescue system that integrates environmental monitoring and robotic intervention to enhance the efficiency of rescue operations. The system employs various components such as ESP8266, DHT11 sensor, gas sensor, ESP32 camera, servo motor with gripper, and an L298N driver controlling a DC gear motor for front and back rotation. The ESP8266 acts as the central communication hub, enabling real time data exchange between the rescue system and the control center. The DHT11 sensor monitors environmental conditions inside the bore well, providing crucial data on temperature and humidity. The ESP32 camera facilitates live video streaming, offering a comprehensive view of the bore well interior. The servo motor with gripper, controlled by the ESP32, is equipped to handle delicate operations within the confined space of the bore well. To maneuver within the bore well, a robotic system is integrated with a DC gear motor controlled by an L298N driver. This configuration enables precise front and back rotation, allowing the robotic system to navigate through the narrow and complex structure of the bore well. The integration of IoT technologies ensures seamless communication, while the robotic system enhances the precision and effectiveness of the rescue process. Overall, this proposed system deals with the risks associated with bore well rescues, ultimately minimizing response time and increasing the likelihood of successful outcomes.
The Strictest Asylum Policy Ever?
Authors: Bex-Reimert Viola , Heeringa Giel
Published: October 2024

On 13 September 2024, ahead of the presentation of the State Budget, the new Dutch coalition presented their finalized plan to implement what it has labelled as the strictest admission regime ever in the field of asylum law. To implement its Outline Agreement, titled ‘Hope, Courage and Pride,’ the government plans to rely on an derogation provision in the Dutch Aliens Act 2000. We argue that the provision does not apply to the current situation and that the Dutch government therefore does not have the jurisdiction to render parts of the Dutch Aliens Act 2000 inoperative.
Visual SLAM system based on dynamic semantic features
Authors: Weijian Ren , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jianlin Chen
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the problem that dynamic objects (such as pedestrians, vehicles, and animals) in real scenes affect the positioning and mapping accuracy of visual SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping), a YOLOv3-ORB-SLAM3 algorithm is proposed based on ORB-SLAM3 (Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF-Simultaneous Localization and Mapping 3). The algorithm adds a semantic thread on the basis of ORB-SLAM3, and adopts a dual-thread mechanism for dynamic and static scene feature extraction: the semantic thread uses YOLOv3 to perform semantic recognition target detection on dynamic objects in the scene, and removes outliers from the extracted dynamic area feature points; the tracking thread extracts scene area features through ORB features, and obtains static scene features combined with semantic information and sends them to the backend, thereby eliminating the interference of dynamic scenes on the system and improving the positioning accuracy of the visual SLAM algorithm. Verified using the TUM (Technical University of Munich) dataset, the results show that the ATE (Average Treatment Effect) index of the YOLOv3-ORB-SLAM3 algorithm in the monocular mode is about 30% lower than that of the ORB-SLAM3 algorithm, and the ATE index of the dynamic sequence in the RGB-D (Red, Green and Blue-Depth) mode is reduced 10%, while the static sequence has no significant decrease.
Obstacle avoidance control of UAV formation based on distributed model prediction
Authors: Mingxing Qin , Tali Maris , Dontchev Kiko , Bianchi Luka
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the formation and maintenance problem of UAVs in an obstacle environment, a distributed model predictive control (DMPC) algorithm with no reference trajectory considering system constraints is proposed. In order to deal with the constraint coupling and cost coupling existing in model predictive control (MPC), the assumed trajectory is introduced to design a low conservative compatibility constraint and a cost function of no reference trajectory, so that the algorithm can be executed in a distributed and synchronous manner. Secondly, the terminal constraint is designed based on the speed barrier method to ensure the safety of the terminal domain, and a feasible terminal control input is given. The cost function is taken as a Lyapunov function, combined with the constructed stability constraint, and the iterative feasibility and system stability of the algorithm are analyzed. In addition, in order to take into account the real-time performance, a non-strictly stable DMPC algorithm that can better meet the requirements of formation obstacle avoidance is given on the basis of the proposed algorithm. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm are verified by numerical simulation.
Study on the real gas effect on the windward side of an inflatable reentry capsule
Authors: Qingsong He , Surong Sun
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the reentry flow field of an inflatable reentry capsule was numerically simulated using the air 9-component chemical nonequilibrium model and the ideal gas hypothesis model. The difference in the calculation results of the two methods was investigated, the manifestation of the real gas effect was studied, and the reasons for the difference between the real gas effect of the inflatable reentry capsule and the real gas effect of the rigid reentry capsule were explored. The results show that compared with the ideal gas hypothesis, the real gas effect makes the shock wave position closer to the wall, the air temperature after the shock wave decreases, and the wall heat flux density decreases; at 83 km, the specific heat ratio of the gas after the shock wave is higher than 1.4, and the air undergoes a dissociation reaction, while at 73 km, the real gas effect is weaker, the specific heat ratio of the air after the shock wave remains at 1.4, and the air still exists in the form of molecules; the main reason for the difference in the strength of the real gas between the inflatable reentry capsule and the rigid reentry capsule in the same altitude range is that the drag-to-weight ratio of the inflatable reentry capsule is larger than that of the rigid reentry capsule, and the speed decreases faster after entering the atmosphere, and the speed is lower at the same altitude.
Prediction of civil aircraft hard landing risk based on GBDT-GS method
Authors: Xiangzhang Wang , He Wang , Bohao Xu
Published: October 2024

Hard landing may cause symptom events such as structural damage to the aircraft, or even cause fatal flight accidents. In view of the lack of physical analysis in the current hard landing risk assessment, in order to effectively implement the hard landing risk identification and grade judgment criteria, so as to improve the quality of pilots' landing operations, a hard landing risk prediction model was constructed based on the gradient boosting decision tree algorithm (GBDT) and grid search (GS) combined with flight state analysis. Firstly, the five flight state parameters closely related to the hard landing were determined by analyzing the aircraft force and constructing the landing flight kinematic equation; then, the flight state data was extracted from the data recorded by the onboard Quick Access Recorder (QAR) to construct a data set, and according to the QAR parameter characteristics, the hard landing risk prediction model was constructed by the GBDT algorithm, and the model parameters were optimized by GS; finally, taking the "Chengdu-Shenyang" route of an airline as an example, 530 QAR data were selected to train and test the model, and the results were compared with those of random forest, logistic multivariate regression, recurrent neural network (RNN) and other algorithms. The results show that the performance of GBDT-GS algorithm in predicting hard landing risk is better than other algorithms, and the prediction accuracy reaches , which 92%，verifies the objective effectiveness of the model.
Airport Express Passenger Flow Prediction Based on “Time-Feature” Cooperative Attention
Authors: Du Wenbo , Shi Wanjun , Liao Shengshi , Zhu Xi
Published: October 2024

Accurate prediction of airport express passenger flow is the basis for realizing intelligent, refined and efficient management and control of the airport rail transit system, and is of great significance to improving airport service levels and operational efficiency. Due to the numerous influencing factors that overlap with each other, and the complex mechanism of factors affecting passenger flow timing, accurate prediction of airport express passenger flow is extremely challenging. This paper proposes an airport express rail passenger flow prediction model based on the "time-feature" collaborative attention mechanism, which achieves accurate capture of the impact of multi-dimensional factors on airport express rail passenger flow in different time series. Experiments were conducted based on actual passenger flow data of the Beijing Capital International Airport Express Rail Link, and the results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Data fusion method for aircraft surveillance in flight zone based on Trans-Attention
Authors: Goldberg Ken , Mitchell Sarah , Foster David
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the problem of low monitoring accuracy and position jump of single monitoring source of aircraft in the flight zone, a method of aircraft monitoring data fusion based on Transformer and attention mechanism is proposed. Firstly, the encoder structure of Transformer is used to extract features of each monitoring source data respectively, and then weight values are assigned to different monitoring sources through the attention mechanism. Finally, regression calculation is performed through the fully connected network to obtain the final fusion result. The monitoring data of the surface surveillance radar and the broadcast automatic dependent surveillance system are selected as the fusion source, and the multi-point positioning data is used as the true label. The experimental results show that this method effectively reduces the monitoring error of a single monitoring source, and the fusion effect is better than the long short-term memory network, recurrent neural network and extended Kalman filter fusion method based on the attention mechanism, and the mean absolute error is improved by 2.20%、14.32%and respectively 33.94%.
Visible light infrared matching algorithm based on improved SuperPoint and linear converter
Authors: Wu Wei , Xian Yong , Su Juan , Zhang Daqiao , Li Shaopeng , Li Bing
Published: October 2024

In order to solve the problems of high difficulty and mismatch rate in heterogeneous image matching of visible light and infrared images, a deep learning matching algorithm based on improved SuperPoint and linear transformer is proposed. The algorithm first introduces the idea of feature pyramid to construct a feature description branch based on the SuperPoint network structure, and trains it based on the hinge loss function, so as to better learn the multi-scale deep features of visible light and infrared images and increase the similarity of image point pair descriptors with the same name; in the feature matching module, the linear transformer is used to improve the SuperGlue matching algorithm and aggregate features to improve matching performance. The proposed algorithm is experimentally verified on multiple data sets. The results show that compared with the existing algorithms, the algorithm achieves better matching results and improves the matching accuracy.
Research on parameter optimization method of thrust vector/aerodynamic rudder composite control law based on singular value method
Authors: Shilong Ruan , Zhe Dong , Yao Sun , Xiaolei Qu , Shaoze Huo
Published: October 2024

Advanced aircraft with thrust vectoring/aerodynamic rudder layout have significant control coupling problems. The traditional single-loop control parameter design method cannot take into account the performance of multiple control loops in this scenario. Therefore, a control law parameter optimization method based on the singular value of the hysteresis matrix is proposed. First, the control parameter optimization interval is determined using the time domain control performance index. Then, the singular value method is used to measure the stability margin of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system on this basis, and the corresponding optimal objective function is established to optimize the controller parameters. The feasibility of this method is verified by numerical simulation. The results show that the designed control parameter optimization algorithm has better time domain control performance and larger system stability margin than the traditional single-loop control parameter design method.