bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konseling Keluarga Dalam Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Pratiwi Sekar Harum , Kenedi Gusril , Afnibar Afnibar , Ulfatmi Ulfatmi , Sari Lisa Candra
Published: May 2024

AbstrakIslam menjelaskan bahwa pernikahan adalah sunnah Nabi. Melalui pernikahanlah keluarga terbentuk. Keluarga merupakan unit terkecil dari masyarakat yang sekaligus merupakan kelompok kecil dalam masyarakat. Peran keluarga sangat strategis dalam menentukan masa depan masyarakat, bangsa, negara dan agama. Namun seringkali keluarga kehilangan peran dan fungsinya. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya bimbingan dan konseling pernikahan. Tentu saja keinginan tersebut tidak akan terwujud, karena pada dasarnya konselor pernikahan bukanlah wasit yang mampu menentukan siapa yang salah dan siapa yang benar. Sejujurnya pasangan hanya perlu memahami lebih dalam bahwa proses konseling saja tidak cukup, karena sebenarnya pasangan juga membutuhkan terapi psikologis untuk bisa belajar mengubah perilakunya sendiri menjadi individu yang lebih baik, demi menjaga pernikahan dan mencapai kesuksesan. kehidupan yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR), yaitu metode penelitian yang merangkum hasil penelitian primer untuk menyajikan fakta yang lebih komprehensif dan berimbang. Hasil penulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa konseling keluarga merupakan suatu proses bantuan yang diberikan kepada individu anggota keluarga untuk mengaktualisasikan potensi individu atau mengantisipasi permasalahan yang dialami dalam kehidupan berkeluarga, konselor keluarga diharapkan mempunyai kemampuan profesional untuk mengantisipasi perilaku seluruh anggota keluarga yang terdiri dari berbagai macam. kualitas emosional dan kepribadian, serta konseling keluarga dapat mengarahkan dengan pembiasaan perilaku sehari-hari berdasarkan ajaran agama agar menjadi keluarga yang bertaqwa, produktif dan mandiri melalui hubungan individu dan sistem kekeluargaan berdasarkan ajaran Islam serta dapat mewujudkan fungsi-fungsi yang ada dalam keluarga.Kata Kunci: Konseling, Keluarga, Pendidikan Islam
Pengaruh Analgesik Terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Penderita Low Back Pain Pada Poli Orthopedi RSUP DR.M.Djamil Padang
Authors: Desmini Yuliya , A Almahdy , Sahputra Roni Eka
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAKLow Back Pain (LBP) adalah gangguan muskuloskletal dimana rasa nyeri dapat menurunkan produktivitas, mengganggu kehidupan sosial dan membuat penderita harus mendapatkan pengobatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh analgesik dalam menurunkan intensitas nyeri yang dirasakan penderita. Penelitian melibatkan 63 orang penderita dilakukan secara observasi dengan teknik wawancara menggunakan kuesioner yang telah tervalidasi. Pengolahan data memggunakan SPSS Versi 22 diketahui sebaran sosiodemografi penderita paling banyak pada rentang usia 34-41 tahun (22,2 %), wanita (65.1%), pendidikan SLTA (76.2%), pekerjaan IRT/Pensiunan (54%), diagnosa penyakit canal stenosis (19%) dan natrium diklofenak (87.3%) merupakan analgesik terbanyak yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian selanjutnya menunjukan natrium diklofenak dan parasetamol efektif dalam menurunkan intensitas nyeri dengan peningkatan respon pengobatan 24 jam secara bermakna masing-masing p 0.000<0.05 dan p 0.024<0.05 dan penurunan nilai nyeri masing-masing p 0.005<0.05 dan p 0.001<0.05. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian analgesik dapat menurunan nilai intensitas nyeri yang dirasakan, sehingga didapatkan kualitas hidup yang lebih baik bagi penderita LBP di Poliklinik Orthophedi RSUP. Dr.M. Djamil Padang. Kata Kunci : Intensitas nyeri; low back pain; obat analgesik;
Pemanfaatan Mikroorganisme Lokal (Mol) Rebung Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Selada Merah (Lactuca Sativa L.)
Authors: Akbar Yustitia , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Sabri Yunita , Desriana Desriana , Julia Stella Rahma
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) Rebung  yang terbaik untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada merah (Lactuca sativa L.).Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat pada jenis tanah Inceptisol dengan ketinggian tempat  514 meter di atas permukaan laut. Penelitian ini di laksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2023. Rancangan dalam penelitian  ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok, sehingga berjumlah 20 petak percobaan dan dalam setiap petak diambil 3 tanaman sampel yang dipilih secara acak. Data hasil pengamatan dirata-ratakan dan dianalisis secara statistika dengan uji F pada taraf nyata 5%. Parameter pengamatan yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), panjang daun terpanjang  (cm), lebar daun terlebar (cm), berat  per tanaman (g), berat tanaman per petak (g), dan berat tanaman per hektar (ton). Dari hasil penelitian yang telah di lakukan dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa bahwa  ada kecendrungan peningkatan konsentrasi mikroorganisme lokal (MOL)  rebung sampai 125 ml/L   dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada merah umur 28 hari setelah tanam. Kata kunci : Tanaman Selada Merah, Pertumbuhan dan hasil,  kosentrasi MOL rebung.
Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, Characterization and Assessment of Vegetable Tannins from Guava (Psidium guajava) Leaves for Leather Tanning
Authors:   Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences (CARS), University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, Mia Md. Abu Sayid , Malitha Sadit Bihongo ,   Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, Nur-E-Alam Md. ,   Leather Research Institute (LRI), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Bangladesh, Akter Mahfuga ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA, Rahman Ria Mahjabin ,   Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, Alam Md. Zahangir ,   Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Uttara, Sector 15, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
Published: May 2024

For commercial leather processing, chrome tanning is the most used approach but it significantly contributes to environmental pollution. Vegetable tannins, which are large polyphenolic compounds, form strong interactions with proteins and carbohydrates, thereby enhancing the adaptability and value of vegetable-tanned leather as well as reducing environmental impact. In this study, vegetable tannins were extracted from the leaves of Guava plants (Psidium guajava) using ethanol as the solvent, facilitated by ultrasound. Extracted tannins were quantified using the Folin–Ciocâlteu reagent with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic method. Ultrasound enhanced the extraction process producing a high yield in less time due to its mechanical, thermal, and cavitation impacts. The extracted tannins were characterized by a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including Proton (1H) Nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The effect of various process variables, such as temperature, solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic power, extraction period, and powder fineness, were also investigated to optimize the extraction process. Finally, the extracted tannins were employed in leather tanning processes to assess their potential as tanning agents. The extracted tannins ensured uniform diffusion of tannins, improved thermal stability and reduced the number of tannins in effluent by 68% making it an environmentally friendly leather tanning process.
ChatGPT’s Inconsistency in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: MohanaSundaram ArunSundar , Patil Bhushan , Praticò Domenico
Published: May 2024

A recent article by El Haj et al. provided evidence that ChatGPT could be a potential tool that complements the clinical diagnosis of various stages of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) as well as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). To reassess the accuracy and reproducibility of ChatGPT in the diagnosis of AD and MCI, we used the same prompt used by the authors. Surprisingly, we found that some of the responses of ChatGPT in the diagnoses of various stages of AD and MCI were different. In this commentary we discuss the possible reasons for these different results and propose strategies for future studies.
Vitamin D, Cognition, and Alzheimer’s Disease: Observational and Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Studies
Authors: Ilboudo Yann , Yoshiji Satoshi , Lu Tianyuan , Butler-Laporte Guillaume , Zhou Sirui , Richards J. Brent
Published: May 2024

Background:

Observational studies have found that vitamin D supplementation is associated with improved cognition. Further, recent Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have shown that higher vitamin D levels, 25(OH)D, may protect against Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, it is possible that 25(OH)D may protect against Alzheimer’s disease by improving cognition.

Objective:

We assessed this hypothesis, by examining the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and seven cognitive measurements.

Methods:

To mitigate bias from confounding, we performed two-sample MR analyses. We used instruments from three publications: Manousaki et al. (2020), Sutherland et al. (2022), and the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration/EPIC-CVD/Vitamin D Studies Collaboration (2021).

Results:

Our observational studies suggested a protective association between 25(OH)D levels and cognitive measures. An increase in the natural log of 25(OH)D by 1 SD was associated with a higher PACC score (BetaPACC score = 0.06, 95% CI = (0.04–0.08); p = 1.8×10-10). However, in the MR analyses, the estimated effect of 25(OH)D on cognitive measures was null. Specifically, per 1 SD increase in genetically estimated natural log of 25(OH)D, the PACC scores remained unchanged in the overall population, (BetaPACC score = –0.01, 95% CI (–0.06 to 0.03); p = 0.53), and amongst individuals aged over 60 (BetaPACC score = 0.03, 95% CI (–0.028 to 0.08); p = 0.35).

Conclusions:

In conclusion, our MR study found no clear evidence to support a protective role of increased 25(OH)D concentrations on cognitive performance in European ancestry individuals. However, our study cannot entirely dismiss the potential beneficial effect on PACC for individuals over the age of 60.
Amyloid-β Deposition Predicts Grocery Shopping Performance in Older Adults Without Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zukowski Lisa A. , Brinkerhoff Sarah A. , Levin Ilana , Herter Troy M. , Hetrick Lena , Lockhart Samuel N. , Miller Michael E. , Laurienti Paul J. , Kritchevsky Stephen B. , Hugenschmidt Christina E.
Published: May 2024

Background: A screening tool sensitive to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk factors, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, and subtle cognitive changes, best elicited by complex everyday tasks, is needed. Objective: To determine if grocery shopping performance could differentiate older adults at elevated risk of developing AD (OAer), older adults at low risk of developing AD (OAlr), and young adults (YA), and if amount of Aβ deposition could predict grocery shopping performance in older adults (OA). Methods: Twenty-one OAer (78±5 years), 33 OAlr (78±5 years), and 28 YA (31±3 years) performed four grocery shopping trials, with the best and worst performances analyzed. Measures included trial time, number of correct items, number of grocery note fixations, and number of fixations and percentage of time fixating on the correct shelving unit, correct brand, and correct shelf. Linear mixed effects models compared measures by performance rank (best, worst) and group (OAer, OAlr, YA), and estimated the effect of Aβ deposition on measures in OA. Results: Relative to their best performance, OAer and OAlr exhibited more correct shelving unit fixations and correct brand fixations during their worst performance, while YA did not. Within OA’s worst performance, greater Aβ deposition was associated with a smaller percentage of time fixating on the correct shelving unit, correct shelf, and correct brand. Within OA, greater Aβ deposition was associated with more grocery note fixations. Conclusions: OA with elevated Aβ deposition may exhibit subtle working memory impairments and less efficient visual search strategies while performing a cognitively demanding everyday task.
Association of Loneliness with Functional Connectivity MRI, Amyloid-β PET, and Tau PET Neuroimaging Markers of Vulnerability for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhao Amanda , Balcer Laura J. , Himali Jayandra J. , O’Donnell Adrienne , Rahimpour Yashar , DeCarli Charles , Gonzales Mitzi M. , Aparicio Hugo J. , Ramos-Cejudo Jaime , Kenney Rachel , Beiser Alexa , Seshadri Sudha , Salinas Joel
Published: May 2024

Background:

Loneliness has been declared an “epidemic” associated with negative physical, mental, and cognitive health outcomes such as increased dementia risk. Less is known about the relationship between loneliness and advanced neuroimaging correlates of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Objective:

To assess whether loneliness was associated with advanced neuroimaging markers of AD using neuroimaging data from Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants without dementia.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional observational analysis, we used functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI), amyloid-β (Aβ) PET, and tau PET imaging data collected between 2016 and 2019 on eligible FHS cohort participants. Loneliness was defined as feeling lonely at least one day in the past week. The primary fcMRI marker was Default Mode Network intra-network connectivity. The primary PET imaging markers were Aβ deposition in precuneal and FLR (frontal, lateral parietal and lateral temporal, retrosplenial) regions, and tau deposition in the amygdala, entorhinal, and rhinal regions.

Results:

Of 381 participants (mean age 58 [SD 10]) who met inclusion criteria for fcMRI analysis, 5% were classified as lonely (17/381). No association was observed between loneliness status and network changes. Of 424 participants (mean age 58 [SD = 10]) meeting inclusion criteria for PET analyses, 5% (21/424) were lonely; no associations were observed between loneliness and either Aβ or tau deposition in primary regions of interest.

Conclusions:

In this cross-sectional study, there were no observable associations between loneliness and select fcMRI, Aβ PET, and tau PET neuroimaging markers of AD risk. These findings merit further investigation in prospective studies of community-based cohorts.
A Study on the Effect of Executive Control Network Functional Connection on the Therapeutic Efficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Geng Zhi , Wu Yue , Liu Jiaqiu , Zhan Yuqian , Yan Yibing , Yang Chaoyi , Pang Xuerui , Ji Yi , Gao Manman , Zhou Shanshan , Wei Ling , Hu Panpan , Wu Xingqi , Tian Yanghua , Wang Kai
Published: May 2024

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by brain network dysfunction. Few studies have investigated whether the functional connections between executive control networks (ECN) and other brain regions can predict the therapeutic effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the functional connectivity (FC) within ECN networks and the efficacy of rTMS.

Methods:

We recruited AD patients for rTMS treatment. We established an ECN using baseline period fMRI data and conducted an analysis of the ECN’s FC throughout the brain. Concurrently, the support vector regression (SVR) method was employed to project post-rTMS cognitive scores, utilizing the connectional attributes of the ECN as predictive markers.

Results:

The average age of the patients was 66.86±8.44 years, with 8 males and 13 females. Significant improvement on most cognitive measures. We use ECN connectivity and brain region functions in baseline patients as features for SVR model training and fitting. The SVR model could demonstrate significant predictability for changes in Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores among AD patients after rTMS treatment. The brain regions that contributed most to the prediction of the model (the top 10% of weights) were located in the medial temporal lobe, middle temporal gyrus, frontal lobe, parietal lobe and occipital lobe.

Conclusions:

The stronger the antagonism between ECN and parieto-occipital lobe function, the better the prediction of cognitive improvement; the stronger the synergy between ECN and fronto-temporal lobe function, the better the prediction of cognitive improvement.
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Phenotypes Across Huntington’s Disease Stages: Endoscopic Findings and Tongue Pressure Analysis
Authors: Pizzorni Nicole , Ciammola Andrea , Pirola Chiara , Nanetti Lorenzo , Castaldo Anna , Poletti Barbara , Mariotti Caterina , Schindler Antonio
Published: May 2024

Background: Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is a common symptom in Huntington’s disease (HD) and is associated with severe health and psychosocial consequences. Different OD phenotypes are defined on the basis of characteristic patterns at fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES), and they may vary during disease progression. Objective: To describe OD phenotypes in different HD stages and to analyze their association with neurological data and tongue pressure measurements. Methods: Twenty-four patients with HD at different stages of disease progression underwent a FEES. Data on penetration/aspiration, pharyngeal residue, and OD phenotypes were gained. Neurological examination was performed with the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS). Patient Maximum tongue pressure (MTP) and tongue endurance were measured. Results: We confirmed that the occurrence of penetration/aspiration increased with disease duration and pharyngeal residue increased from 16.7% to 100%, respectively. The most common OD phenotypes were oropharyngeal dyspraxia (91.7%), posterior oral incontinence (87.5%), and delayed pharyngeal phase (87.5%). These types of dysfunctions are already detectable in >80% of patients in the early disease stages. In more advanced stages, we also observed propulsion deficit (66.7%), resistive issue (54.2%), and protective deficit (37.5%). Propulsion deficit was associated with higher disease stage, greater motor dysfunction (UHDRS-I), and lower MTP and tongue endurance (p < 0.05). Conclusions: OD in HD results from a combination of different swallowing phenotypes. Early assessment of swallowing and periodical follow-ups are necessary to monitor OD severity and phenotypes and to revise diet recommendations.
Deep deductive reasoning is a hard deep learning problem
Authors: Hitzler Pascal , Rayan Rushrukh , Zalewski Joseph , Saki Norouzi Sanaz , Eberhart Aaron , Vasserman Eugene Y.
Published: May 2024

Deep Deductive Reasoning refers to the training and then executing of deep learning systems to perform deductive reasoning in the sense of formal, mathematical logic. We discuss why this is an interesting and relevant problem to study, and explore how hard it is as a deep learning problem. In particular, we present some of the progress made on this topic in recent years, understand some of the theoretical limitations that can be assessed from existing literature, and discuss negative results we have obtained regarding improving on the state of the art.
Optimal Choices for a Mars Colony of a Million Immigrants: The Unwavering Traditional Chinese Spine, Enduring Shoulder-Carrying Capability, Strong Labor Will, and Land Reclamation Spirit
Authors: Huabin Chen
Published: May 2024

In contemporary society, there is a prevailing view that traditional practices such as shoulder-carrying are archaic, yet it becomes evident that the abandonment of these traditions has left modern populations ill-prepared for self-rescue efforts. Historically, Chinese individuals were accustomed to carrying heavy loads with tools like hoes and shoulder poles throughout their lifetimes, demonstrating remarkable physical endurance. Today, many lack this capability, leading to a surge in spine and back issues among the youth who cannot carry weights or perform strenuous tasks without mechanical assistance or reliance on older generations. This dependency highlights the importance of preserving and valuing traditional burden-bearing skills. Furthermore, as humanity embarks on its journey to conquer the solar system, aiming to return to the Moon and eventually settle Mars, the selection of suitable candidates for Mars colonies becomes paramount. The author posits that the inheritors of China's agricultural society's shoulder-carrying tradition represent an ideal choice for Mars pioneers. These individuals possess not only a resilient spinal column but also an unyielding capacity for burden bearing and survival, coupled with strong disease resistance, self-healing capabilities, and a penchant for construction and agriculture. Their robust fertility rates further contribute to the sustainability of future settlements. The author underscores the potential value of reviving and recognizing traditional Chinese shoulder-carrying culture as we look towards settling new frontiers.
Optimizing Agronomic Practices for Aerobic Rice under Calcareous Soil in Bihar
Authors: Chaudhary S. K. , Jha Ratnesh Kumar , Sattar Abdus , Dharminder Dharminder , Kishor Kaushal
Published: May 2024

Three experiments were conducted during 2014-19 at Pusa (Samastipur), Bihar, to develop agronomic practices for aerobic rice with respect to the performance of varieties at different dates of sowing, optimizing seed rate and spacing, and nitrogen requirement and its scheduling under the calcareous soil of North Bihar plains. Sowing during the first week of June resulted in significantly higher yield attributes and grain yield. Among varieties, Abhishek recorded significantly higher grain yield except for the hybrid. Weather variables during different growth phases significantly influenced the yield. The hybrid outyielded all the test varieties. Maximum grain and straw yields were recorded with 20 cm spacing and a 35 kg/ha seed rate. Also, the minimum dry weight of weeds was recorded with this spacing and seed rate. Nitrogen at 140 kg/ha in three or four splits along with brown manuring resulted in significantly higher grain and straw yields. Also, the maximum uptake of NPK and B:C ratio was recorded with this treatment.
The Influence of Knowledge, Perceptions, and Preferences on Customer Behavior Through Religious as An Intervening Variable
Authors: Alfian  , Amiruddin Yahya  , Lisa Marzelia
Published: May 2024

This study analyzes the impact of knowledge, perceptions, and preferences on customer behavior through religiosity as an intervening variable at Bank Aceh Syariah Aceh Tamiang Regency. This study employs field research with a sample size of 96. The data analysis technique used is PLS-SEM version 3.0, which includes Outer Model, Inner Model, and Hypothesis Test analysis. The findings indicate that knowledge has a direct positive effect on customer behavior, and that knowledge through religiosity also has a positive and significant impact. Perception variables have a positive but insignificant effect on customer behavior, while religiosity has a positive and significant effect on perception. Preferences have a positive but insignificant effect on customer behavior, while religiosity has a negative and insignificant effect on preferences. Additionally, religiosity has a positive and significant effect on customer behavior at Bank Aceh Syariah Aceh Tamiang Regency. The implications of this research can serve as a reference for academic studies by government officials, Islamic banking practitioners, and the wider community to support scientific development, products, and technology in the future development of Islamic banks. Further research should consider additional and intervening variables for maximum results.
Administrative Responsibility for Committed Offenses in the Field of Family and Domestic Relations
Authors: Bulachek Vladimir
Published: May 2024

On the basis of a comprehensive systemic analysis of legal phenomena, administrative liability for offenses committed in the field of family and domestic relations is considered. An analysis of the Law of Ukraine "On Prevention and Counteraction to Domestic Violence" and the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses. It is noted that the legislation of Ukraine on administrative liability for offenses committed in the study area is a system of administrative tort rules. Analysis of the main components of administrative offenses in the study area showed that they encroach on the rights and health of citizens. The objective side of the offense of domestic violence is presented as a threat of violence, failure to ensure life or health; damage or destruction of property; coercive coercion to something; obscene swearing; disturbances of peace and quiet, expressed on the basis of family and domestic conflict in the place of residence or in places of common use of residential premises. The objective side of domestic violence is physical, psychological or economic, with the exception of sexual violence. Beatings remain a common illegal act in the field of family and domestic relations. Beatings committed in family and domestic relations pose a social danger to the family and require the application of appropriate administrative penalties. Prevention and cessation of offenses in the field of family and domestic relations should be carried out in a complex. Legal certainty of actions of the National Police, short terms of bringing to administrative responsibility, which do not have a large time gap between the illegal act and legal assessment, can ensure the inevitability of punishment, reduce the latency of beatings, prevent serious and especially serious crimes
Myasthenia Gravis and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Nafari Amirhossein ,   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Shojaei Seyedpouzhia , Khoshnood Reza Jalili , Ghajarzadeh Mahsa , Tafreshinejad Arash , Safari Saeid , Mirmosayyeb Omid ,   Critical Care Quality Improvement Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,   Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Comprehensive Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,   Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,   Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Comprehensive Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,   Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Comprehensive Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,   Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), an autoimmune disease affecting the neuromuscular junction, exhibits varying rates of COVID-19 infection across different studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to estimate the pooled prevalence of COVID-19 infection in individuals with MG. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and gray literature, including references to the research published before October 2021. The total number of participants, the first author, the publication year, the country of origin, the number of MG patients, their symptoms, hospitalization rates, and deaths were all extracted as study data. Results: Our literature search yielded 253 articles, of which 75 remained after removing duplicates. Finally, 18 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of COVID-19 infection in MG cases was found to be 2% (95% CI, 1%, 3%; I2=85%, P<0.001). Additionally, the pooled prevalence of hospitalization among those with COVID-19 infection was 43% (95% CI, 26%, 60%; I2=97.6%; P<0.001), and the pooled prevalence of MG exacerbation was 33% (95% CI, 20%, 46%; I2=92.6%; P<0.001). Conclusion: In summary, this systematic review and meta-analysis reveal that the pooled prevalence of COVID-19 infection in individuals with MG is 2%.
Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Emotional Regulation, Psychological Flexibility, and Stress in Children of Veterans With PTSD: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehtan, Iran., Mirbagheri Amir Masoud , Zanjani Zahra ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Omidi Abdollah ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Azadchehreh Mohammad Javad ,   Infectious Diseases Research Center of Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Objectives The present study aims to investigate the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on emotional regulation, psychological flexibility, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children of veterans with PSTD. Methods This is a randomized controlled clinical trial with a pre-test/post-test/follow-up design. Participants were 70 children of veterans with PTSD (boys and girls) aged 15-19 years, who were selected using simple random sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of 35 including ACT and control. Before, immediately after, and 12 months after the intervention, people were measured using the acceptance and action questionnaire-II, difficulty in emotional regulation scale, and the PTSD checklist for DSM-5. The intervention group received group ACT at 8 sessions of 60-90 minutes. For the control group, life skills education was presented at 7 sessions of 60-90 minutes. Finally, the data was analyzed using SPSS software, version 22. Results The results of analysis of covariance showed a significant difference in difficulty in emotional regulation, psychological flexibility and PTSD symptoms in the post-test and follow-up phases in two groups (P<0.01). Moreover, the two ACT and control groups were significantly different in the hyperarousal symptom of PTSD at follow-up phase, but there was no significant difference in two symptoms of re-experiencing trauma and negative alterations in mood/avoidance (P>0.05). Conclusion The ACT can improve emotional regulation skills and psychological flexibility and reduce PTSD symptoms in children of veterans with PTSD. Therefore, this method can be used in counseling and mental health centers to improve these children’s symptoms.
Prevalence of Childhood Sexual Abuse Among Tunisian Psychiatric Outpatients and its Associated Factors
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia., Abbes Wafa , Kerkeni Ali ,   Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia., Emna Ellouz ,   Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia.
Published: May 2024

Objectives In this study, we aim to estimate the prevalence of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) in psychiatric outpatients in Tunisia and to identify the associated factors. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 133 patients (80 men and 53 women; mean age: 45.02`11.8 years) referred to the psychiatry clinic of the University Hospital of Gabes in Southern Tunisia. Data was collected using the childhood trauma questionnaire - short form, and the suicide behaviors questionnaire-revised. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including a correlation test were used for data analysis. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results The overall prevalence of CSA was 9.8%. Participants with a history of CSA had a significantly younger age at the onset of psychiatric symptoms and longer duration of hospitalization. The results of multivariate analysis showed that CSA increased the risk of having psychiatric comorbidities by 5.9 (AOR=5.9, 95% CI, 1.3%, 28.8%) and the risk of suicidal ideation by 5.1 (AOR=5.1, 95% CI, 1.03%, 26.9%). Conclusion The history of CSA has a negative impact on psychiatric patients in adulthood. This association is multifactorial, and there is a need for further longitudinal studies in this regard.
Reality Therapy Effect on Alexithymia and Posttraumatic Growth in Women With Love Failure
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Sadeghi Nina , Sepahmansour Mojgan ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Kouchak Etezar Roya ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Background: Losing a love relationship in youth creates one of the most significant impacts that may occur for women, as they have been introduced to love trauma syndrome for the first time. This research study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of reality therapy in decreasing alexithymia and increasing posttraumatic growth among women who have experienced a love failure. Methods: This study was quasi-experimental research using a pre-test-post-test design with a follow-up. The statistical population comprised all women with emotional failure experiences referred to Aramandish and Chaman clinics in Tehran City, Iran, during 2021 and 2022. A purposive sampling method was used to select the samples. Thirty people were chosen as the study sample; 15 women were put in the experimental (reality therapy) group and 15 in the control group. The reality therapy intervention plan was applied to the experimental group in eight 90-minute sessions once a week, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The Toronto alexithymia scale and posttraumatic growth inventory were implemented before and after intervention sessions. Finally, the data were analyzed for variance analysis with repeated measurements and analysis of covariance using SPSS software, version 26. Results: The findings showed that after comparing the post-test and follow-up scores with the pre-test results, there is a significant difference between alexithymia (P<0.001) and posttraumatic growth (P<0.001). Likewise, a significant difference (P<0.001) in the research variables was observed between the experimental and control groups in all three measurement times. Conclusion: The findings showed that reality therapy had a significant effect on alexithymia and posttraumatic growth of women with emotional failure. Therefore, reality therapy can be used for emotional failure syndromes.
The Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and Dental Caries Among Adults in India: A Scoping Review
Authors:   Department of Public Health Dentistry, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Kerala, India., Siraj E Saira , George Benley ,   Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Kerala, India., Paul N Sherin Susan ,   Department of Community Medicine, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kerala, India.
Published: May 2024

Background: It is well documented that India is an example of the unequal distribution of dental caries among different population groups, as higher prevalence and incidence have been reported among people with a low socioeconomic level. The objective of this review was to systematically map the scientific literature on the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on dental caries among adults, identify the research gaps in this area, and propose recommendations for future research. Methods: This scoping review was conducted based on the updated framework recommended by Joanna Briggs Institute. Relevant studies undertaken in India were identified by searching Medline/PubMed, EBSCO, and Google Scholar. The search strategy was limited to journal articles published between January 2012 and October 2022. Titles and abstracts were screened, and full texts were reviewed by two reviewers independently. Results: The scoping review comprised 7 cross-sectional studies and 1 cohort study. Most reviewed studies used the Kuppuswamy scale or its modifications to assess the SES. Four studies determined the caries status regarding mean values according to SES and reported higher DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) among the middle and lower-class SES. Three studies employed regression analysis to determine the association, and all found that the DMFT score was significantly associated with socioeconomic status. Conclusion: The findings of this review confirm the existence of inequalities in caries experience in adults from different socioeconomic backgrounds. More high-quality and follow-up studies are needed to establish the magnitude of the scientific evidence regarding the association between socioeconomic status and dental caries among adults in India.
The Effect of Mothers Education on Reduction the Aggression Behavior Among Computer Game User Students
Authors:   Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Motazedian Talat , Changizi Maryam ,   Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Science, Abadan, Iran., Kaveh Mohammad Hossein ,   Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Ghahremani Leila ,   Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Background: Nowadays, children and teenagers easily access computer games while parents are unaware of the dangers posed by excessive use of these games. The present study investigated the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on primary school boys’ aggression levels. Methods: This research was a randomized controlled trial. The sample size was determined to be 180 considering a confidence interval of 95% and test power of 90% (group 1=90, group 2=90). The sampling environment was a multi-stage cluster with four primary schools from two education districts in Shiraz City, Iran in 2013. The participants were evaluated once before the intervention and then one week and one month after the educational intervention. We used the aggression checklist (12 items) and a researcher-made questionnaire according to TPB theory, which has suitable validity and reliability. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 19. Results: There was no difference between the two groups before the intervention. After the education program, the 4 constructs of TPB, including attitude, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intentions, and behavior, increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings, it seems that the educational intervention on mothers based on TPB leads to the reduction of aggressive behavior of elementary school students.
Ultrasound Technology in Carpet Cleaning
Authors: Çelik Pınar , Gülümser Tülay , Perinçek Seher , Körlü Ayşegül
Published: May 2024

Carpets are widely used in living spaces for beautiful appearance, heat, and sound insulation. Cleaning carpets is essential for both their lifespan and health and hygiene. Washing operations are carried out at regular intervals in carpet-washing factories. Industrial carpet washing operations must be done consciously because a significant amount of water and time is consumed during these processes. In addition, problems such as discoloration and strength losses may be encountered in delicate carpets. In this study, stained carpets were washed at mediums with and without ultrasound at room temperature at different times. Mud stain was used as an example of particle dirt. The original unwashed carpet without stain was taken as a reference and compared with the washed carpet by evaluating the color differences and changes in the yellowness index to check the amount of stain removal. The color differences (Da*, Db*, DL*, DC*, Dh*, DE*) were close to zero, and the differences in the yellowness index were low, so it was concluded that the stained carpet was cleaned and turned to the original form after washing. The washing process was evaluated as successful because the color and yellowness index of the washed carpet were close to the unwashed carpet. Effects of washing type (with and without ultrasound), washing agent (with and without detergent), and washing time (30, 60, and 90 minutes) are significant for α=0,05 in washed carpets according to the original carpet. Interactions between parameters are also significant. If the washing conditions are consciously adjusted, ultrasonic washing can be an alternative to the soaking process in carpet washing. With ultrasonic washing, it can be possible to shorten the duration of the wetting step and effectively clean sensitive carpets in softer conditions without damaging them. It would be useful to carry out studies that reduce water usage by optimizing the amount of washing baths in the future.
The role of commercial energy payments in agricultural producer income
Authors: Winikoff Justin B. , Maguire Karen ,   United States. Department of Agriculture. Economic Research Service
Published: May 2024

A significant portion of energy production in the United States takes place on farmland, which can have substantial economic implications for the farmers who host such developments. This report analyzes energy payments made to farmers for the production of oil, natural gas, and wind energy on their land. The authors used 10 years of data (2011-20) from the USDA's Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) in their analysis. Results show that 3.5 percent of farm operations received energy payments and that the average annual payment to the operators was more than $30,000 (in 2020 dollars), contributing substantially to farm household income and exceeding government payments to these operations. Energy payments were more common in counties producing oil and natural gas than in those with wind energy development. Larger farms were significantly more likely to receive energy payments and received higher payments on average. Further, Hispanic producers and those with less education were significantly less likely to receive energy payments. Although the average energy payment varied by ethnicity and education status, this report did not find a statistically significant difference after accounting for farm location and size.
United States and global macroeconomic projections to 2033
Authors: Zeng Wendy , Johnson William , Davis James C. ,   United States. Department of Agriculture. Economic Research Service
Published: May 2024

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Economic Research Service (ERS) International Macroeconomic Data Set provides historical and 10-year projected macroeconomic variables for 181 countries, as well as regional and income groupings, which account for more than 99 percent of the world economy. The main macroeconomic variables include the real Gross Domestic Product (real GDP), Consumer Price Index (CPI), exchange rates, and population. These indicators are the benchmark for the annual USDA Baseline agricultural supply and demand projections, providing a 10-year outlook on U.S. and global agricultural variables. These projections also relay information on the overall health of international economies in the near future to the USDA, its stakeholders, and a variety of policymakers and market participants. These projections were completed in August 2023 based on data and expectations at that time. This report details the macroeconomic projections from 2023 to 2033. To help users interpret the projection numbers, this report also provides the state of the global economy and an analysis of the influence of events over the past year in various regions and countries.
БІОГЕННІ АМІНИ − НЕБЕЗПЕЧНИЙ ХАРЧОВИЙ ФАКТОР ФЕРМЕНТОВАНИХ М’ЯСНИХ ПРОДУКТІВ
Authors: Бужанська М. В.
Published: May 2024

Анотація. Пріоритетною проблемою держави є безпека харчових продуктів, попередження виробництва, реалізації та споживання неякісних харчових виробів, здатних заподіяти шкоду здоров’ю населення. Cьогодні збільшився попит на ферментовані продукти і напої, вироблені біотехнологічними методами із застосуванням ферментних препаратів мікробіологічного походження. Ця наукова стаття розглядає небезпеки для здоров’я людини, пов’язані з утворенням біогенних амінів у харчових продуктах, та актуалізує питання контролю і регулювання вмісту біогенних амінів у ферментованих продуктах. Наведено результати аналітичних та практичних досліджень утворення різних видів біогенних амінів у харчових продуктах. У праці детально проаналізовано причини, які призводять до утворення цих сполук, зокрема мікробіологічний розклад білків під впливом бактерій та грибів. Стаття показує вплив температурних умов, рН, якісного складу сировини і зберігання на концентрацію біогенних амінів у продуктах. Пропонуються технологічні методи та стратегії, спрямовані на зменшення кількості біогенних амінів у продуктах, що споживаються людиною. Наведені дані сприяють розвитку нових стратегій контролю та попередженню утворення цих сполук у харчових продуктах. Показаний вплив пробіотиків на ферментативні процеси: зниження активності амінокислот-дегі- драз, які відповідають за утворення біогенних амінів, та підвищення стійкості продуктів до умов, що сприяють утворенню біогенних амінів, таких як температура і вологість. Стаття висуває пропо- зиції щодо подальших досліджень у цьому напрямку, вказуючи на важливість розвитку нових методів зберігання та обробки продуктів для гарантування безпеки та якості харчових продуктів. Зроблені висновки можуть бути корисними для науковців, галузевих експертів, спрямовуватися на поліпшення якості продуктів харчування та збереження здоров’я споживачів.