bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THEORETIAL BASIS AND CLASSIFICATION OF BANK BUSINESS MODELS
Authors: Shkolnyk I. , Akopyan D.
Published: October 2021

This article devoted to the issue of banking business models. The negative impact of financial crises on the banking system leads to the search for new tools for risk assessment and risk management. Today banking supervision in Ukraine is based on the methodology of the Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process. In addition to assessing capital adequacy and liquidity and corporate governance, this methodology involves also assessing the business models of banks, which determines the relevance of the research of this term. Therefore, the purpose of the study is determination the theoretical foundations of the concept of business model of the bank, as well as analysis of approaches to their classification. The study investigates the main theoretical approaches of defying the essence of the term «business model of the enterprise» and «bank business model». The author proposed its own definition of the term «banking business model», which can be represented as a system of bank management elements, including business processes, resources, technologies, their relationships with each other and with the external environment. The study summarizes the approaches to classification of bank business models by both as foreign and domestic scientists. The classification of bank business models on the different criterions is offered by the author. Of most practical relevance is the classification of business models of banks by their activities (depending on the source of resources and areas of their placement) and provides for the following types: traditional model, universal model, corporate model, retail model and investment model. The change of existing business models occurs with the active introduction of information technology in banking. The article offered the classification of business models according to the level of digitalization. The traditional business model (does not involve the use of information technology), online banks (operate mainly through software interfaces), mixed business model (combines the two previous ones). The results of the study can be the basis for the development of indicators for the analysis of business models of banks, as well as the identification of business models of banks in Ukraine and identify the risks specific to each of them.
ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MODELS
Authors: Maslov V.
Published: October 2021

In recent years, cooperation between the state and private business is one of the prerequisites for implementing the strategy of economic development of Ukraine's economy. The separation of forms and models of public-private partnership depending on the industry, type of partnership and form of socio-economic significance of projects will ensure the creation of a platform for the formation of national competitiveness.
The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze domestic and foreign models of public-private partnership, the formation of prospects, priority areas for their implementation and realization.
To achieve this goal, a set of general scientific methods is used: theoretical generalization - to determine the nature and content of public-private partnership models, the method of scientific abstraction - to identify areas of application of models of cooperation between government and business, comparison - to identify models -logical - for theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions.
The analysis and generalization of public-private partnership models revealed the content of their classification proposed by the World Bank and taking into account the basic principles of risk sharing between the state and the private sector: "Management and lease contracts", "Concessions", "Projects from scratch" "And" Transfer of assets ". It is noted that the main PPP models used in the implementation of infrastructure projects in the European Union differ slightly from the above classification, mostly in the degree of involvement and transfer of project risks from the state to the private sector. The main models of public-private partnership in the European Union are analyzed, which according to the study include: service contract; management and operation contract; lease agreement; turnkey construction; design, construction, financing and operation. It is studied that in the United States three models of PPP are most often used: design and construction; design, construction and operation / maintenance; construction, operation and transmission. It is proved that for the full effect for the national economy it is necessary to implement the characteristic features of several of the analyzed models of public-private partnership.
A promising area of ​​research is the need to improve approaches to implementing the principles of public-private partnership, given the study of structural classification of forms and models, the etymology of the concept of partnership in dynamic economic conditions, and the uncertain realities of today.
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL LAND USE IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Chygryn O. , Ivakhnenko O. , Vasilyeva T.
Published: October 2021

The issue of ensuring the sustainable development of mankind today is recognized as one of the most pressing issues facing society. The purpose of the study is to generalize the features of sustainable land using, identify the main problems of sustainable use of agricultural land in Ukraine and the key ways to solve them. The paper summarizes the key stages of the formation of prerequisites for sustainable land using, systematizes documents and events to create a model of sustainable development, highlights the basic principles and goals of sustainable agricultural land use, in accordance with the concept of sustainable development. The authors emphasize that the practical implementation of the concept of sustainable agricultural land use requires prioritization of agricultural land, especially environmental, as well as increasing the responsibility of agricultural businesses for disturbing the ecological balance and excessive anthropogenic pressure on land resources. It is noted that in Ukraine there is an irrational structure of land use, which is environmentally dangerous. The main problems of sustainable agricultural land use development are highlighted. The authors note that in recent years in Ukraine there have been negative trends in the development of processes that significantly affect agricultural land use. The most acute environmental problems are the development of degradation processes in the arable lands of Ukraine, which are continuous, regional or local in nature. The authors argue that the decline in the natural potential of agricultural land in Ukraine is becoming an even more serious threat to the sustainable development of land use than environmental problems. The priority directions of development of sustainable land use in Ukraine are offered, which will allow passing to the model of sustainable agricultural land use.
THE ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING SUKUK THROUGH BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Iman Aldi Khusmufa Nur , Arifin Sirajul
Published: October 2021

Financial instruments must be able to adapt quickly in the 4.0 era. One of the Islamic financial innovations highlighted at this time is the application of blockchain technology-based sukuk. This study aims to determine specifically the advantages of applying sukuk through blockchain technology and to scale the point of view regarding the challenges faced in applying sukuk through blockchain technology. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used is literature study by collecting data from previous studies in the form of documentation of articles, journals or books as well as publication data from other parties. The data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that sukuk can get many benefits from blockchain technology. Although blockchain has its advantages, there are risks and challenges that need to be resolved. In responding to this challenge, it is necessary to have a harmonious synergy among all stakeholders, from Syari'ah scholars, academics, to regulators and industry
The influence of brood chickens by-products processing with probiotic culture starter on change of their functional and technological parameters.
Authors: Zinina O. V. , Merenkova S. P. , Gavrilova K. S. , Rebezov M. B. , Utyanov D. A. , Knyazeva A. S.
Published: October 2021

By-products are the potential source of animal protein obtained from brood chickens and egg-laying hens. Certain by-products like gizzards and combs are quite tough and possess low nutritional and biological value due to their high content of connective tissue. Biotechnological processing improves the quality parameters of collagen-containing by-products. In this article a probiotic starter culture of propionic acid bacteria, which have high proteolytic activity, was used to treat the gizzards and combs of brood chickens. Before processing of by-products with starter culture, physical and chemical parameters and the yield of by-products in relation to poultry live weight were analyzed and recorded. 5%, 10% and 15% starter culture were added to the tested samples of chopped by-products, the samples were kept at a temperature of 30 °C, and every 4 hours the following functional and technological parameters were monitored: moisture binding capacity, water holding capacity (MBC and WHC) and yield of the product after heat treatment. The results proved that increase of starter culture amount and longer exposure of by-products to hydrolysis led to decrease of functional and technological parameters values, but for the combs those parameters remained at a sufficiently high level compared to the gizzards, as the gizzards were exposed to more intense hydrolysis than combs. The decrease in the pH value correlated with the dynamics of MBC and WHC changes; and dynamics of the product yield after the heat treatment. Also the stained histological preparations were studied in order to assess the influence of biotechnological processing on by-products microstructure, where significant differences were found in the morphological structure of muscle and collagen fibers of hydrolysates of combs and gizzards exposed to action of bacterial concentrate. The results of rheological studies showed that hydrolyzed chicken combs differed from gizzards; the combs were denser and featured more elastic structure due to a lower degree of hydrolysis by bacterial enzymes. In general, the properties of collagen-containing by-products (muscular gizzards and combs) change significantly after being exposed to enzymes of propionic acid bacteria.
Development of regression model of proteins attackability process in meat food (in vitro)
Authors: Pulatov A. S. , Nikitina M. A.
Published: October 2021

In the presented article the authors consider the issues of development of regression model for process of food digestion by proteolytic enzymes in human body. The authors use correlation analysis. They analyze the main nutritional values and physical and chemical properties of meat products, the modes of heat treatment of semi-finished lamb products. The essential parameters and features are determined to find the dependence between the factor values and efficient values of the basic raw material, which affect the quality of the technological processes and, in general, the finished product. The regression model equation is mathematically calculated by methods of solving K. Gauss linear equations. The standard deviations of parameters are calculated, the initial data are normalized; the matrices of the pair correlation coefficients, lower and upper limits of their values are compiled. Equations of the mathematical regression model of meat proteins attackability by proteolytic enzymes — in vitro (pepsin, trypsin) are developed. It is proved that the obtained equation represents a regression model of the process of meat food proteins attackability by enzymes (pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin), depending on the determined 3 essential factors (weight of a meat piece, duration of frying, collagen content in lamb meat). Also this equation reflects the process of lamb digestibility in a digestive tract of a human body.
Meat supply chain in the perspective of UN SDGs
Authors: Djekic I. V.
Published: October 2021

This paper presents an overview of the meat supply chain in the perspective of main UN sustainable development goals (SDGs). To perform this overview, meat supply chain was presented with five main stakeholders (livestock farmers, slaughterhouses, meat processors, retailers and consumers). As this chain is specific, four SDGs have been revealed as most important, as follows: SDG6 — Clean water and sanitation; SDG7 — Affordable and clean energy; SDG12 — Sustainable consumption and production; SDG13 — Climate action. Discussion and literature review was performed for each of the four UN SDGs. In addition, other UN SDGs of interest for this supply chain have been briefly presented.
Research of the overall chemical and amino acid composition of meat from young animals of new sheep genotypes
Authors: Orlova O. N. , Mkrtichyan V. S. , Skrypnik L. V. , Krichun L. V.
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the results of the investigation of the overall chemical composition (mass fraction of moisture, fat, protein and ash) and the amino acid composition of mutton from the experimental animals of new genotypes: Sovetsky Merino x Dzhalginsky Merino and Sovetsky Merino x Stavropolsky breed. As a control, meat of purebred Sovetsky Merino was studied. The experimental and control rams were slaughtered at the age of 8 months by the conventional technology. Meat samples for laboratory examination were taken a day after slaughter. The results of the analysis of the overall chemical composition showed that lamb meat of new genotypes had lower moisture content and higher content of fat and protein compared to the control. Analysis of the amino acid composition of meat proteins of genotypes Sovetsky Merino x Dzhalginsky Merino and Sovetsky Merino x Stavropolsky breed revealed lower content of essential amino acids compared to the control. Comparison of amino acid scores showed that the amino acid composition of meat proteins from the experimental animals was limited by valine and lysine, respectively. It was concluded by the results of the investigations of the amino acid composition of proteins that the biological full value of proteins of mutton from new genotypes was 22.9% and 30.3% lower than that of the control.
Quality of carcasses and meat from male and female rabbits
Authors: Sampels S. , Skoglund J.
Published: October 2021

Meat from rabbits offers high nutritive properties as it has high levels of essential amino acids, minerals and vitamins. Rabbit meat is also regarded lean, since it contains less fat than many other meat types. The composition of rabbit meat lipids is also favourable due to higher contents of unsaturated fatty acids compared to other types of meat. The aim of the present study was to examine and compare meat quality from male and female rabbits. A total of 24 rabbits (12 males and 12 females) were used. The rabbits were slaughtered at an age of 17–18 weeks. The following parameters were studied: slaughter traits, colour, pH, cooking loss, tenderness, total fat content and water holding capacity (WHC). Interestingly, the ultimate pH was significantly lower in male compared to female rabbits (p = 0.008). Moreover, cooking losses were higher in the meat from male rabbits (p = 0.001). No other relevant differences were found between meat from male and female rabbits suggesting that sex might be regarded as a minor factor in the production of rabbit meat at the chosen slaughter age.
An effect of food additives on microbiome
Authors: Kornienko V. Yu. , Minaev M. Yu.
Published: October 2021

The paper presents a review of available data about an effect of food additives on the human microbiome and lists the main physiological functions of the gut microbiome. The process of the human microbiome evolution is examined. The relationship between the emergence of a disease and the microbiome composition, as well as the main factors influencing the gut microbiome composition are described. The main food additives used today are listed, their key features are discussed and their structural formulas are given. The information about their effect on the human body through an influence on the microbiome composition is presented. The data on an effect of polysorbate 80, carboxymethylcellulose, sodium sulfite, nisin, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, sodium nitrate, essential oils, titanium dioxide and different sweeteners on the microbiome are analyzed. It is explained what microbial communities are suppressed and what communities gain advantages in multiplication when consumers eat food with one or another food additive. The consequences of alterations in the microbiome for the consumer’s body are examined. Conclusions were made about the necessity of additional studies about an effect of food additives on the composition of the human microbiome.
Technology of enzymatic-acid hydrolysis of bone raw material in production of gelatine
Authors: Voroshilin R. A.
Published: October 2021

Bone gelatin is an important and irreplaceable item widely used in the food industry and pharmaceutical production; it is also widely used in tissue engineering and other spheres. Due to widespread use of gelatin it is necessary to search for new safe and effective technologies for bone gelatin production. This research represents the results of enzymatic-acid hydrolysis of raw material in the process of gelatin production. The article presents the results of hydrolysis analyzes, the results of the main quality parameters of the obtained gelatin samples; and the major technological scheme for gelatin production is proposed here. As result of developed technology of enzymatic-acid hydrolysis of bone raw material with the ratio of raw material mass to the volume of solvent (HCl 1M and pepsin with an enzymatic activity of 40 units) as 1:9, duration of exposure: 180 minutes (3 hours), at the stage of demineralization, liming and de-ashing, we obtained samples of gelatin at yield rate of 12.1% from the initial mass of raw materials, which is 6.9% higher in comparison with the lowest yield of gelatin according to the proposed schemes. It is shown that the samples have a high protein mass fraction 91.4%, and a low fat mass fraction 0.4%, the obtained results indicate the high technological qualities of the obtained gelatin sample, this is also confirmed by high strength of gel according to Bloom scale, which value varies within the range of 290 ± 0.7 units.
Thermal conductivity factor for beef of NOR and DFD grades at the subcryoscopic temperatures
Authors: Berezovsky Yu. M. , Korolev I. A. , Sarantsev T. A.
Published: October 2021

Thermal conductivity factor and specific isobaric heat capacity of food products are currently the most important parameters in the development of mathematical models for food freezing and thawing and in improving production technology. There is significant variance among the existing experimental data for the thermal conductivity factor in meat. Most of the modern calculated relationships are based on the nutritional approach, which favorably differs by the ability to calculate the thermophysical characteristics of any food products. However, the calculation error at the subcryoscopic temperatures may be 15% to 20%. The development of superchilling as a way of storing meat requires high accuracy of freezing time calculation, including vacuumpacked boneless meat. In the presented article, the authors investigated hydrogen index, cryoscopic temperature, frozen moisture proportion and thermal conductivity factor for beef M. longissimus dorsi samples of NOR and DFD grades. It was found that DFD beef is characterized by 10% to 12% higher values of thermal conductivity factor in comparison with NOR grade. Using the method of regression analysis, the authors developed empirical relationships for calculating the thermal conductivity factor of meat depending on its temperature and pH level. Unlike cryoscopic temperature and frozen moisture proportion, pH is easy to measure and may be easily used on a conveyor belt for more accurate assessment of meat thermophysical properties. With an increase in pH from 5.3 to 7, an increase in cryoscopic temperature is observed from minus 0.94 °C to minus 0.72 °C. It has been shown that one of the factors for the higher cryoscopic temperature and higher pH level of DFD beef is higher water-holding capacity with less strongly bound moisture.
Synthesis of ferrian and ferro-saponites: Implications for the structure of (Fe,Mg)-smectites formed under reduced conditions
Authors: Sakuma Hiroshi , Morida Koki , Takahashi Yoshio , Fukushi Keisuke , Noda Natsumi , Sekine Yasuhito , Tamura Kenji
Published: October 2021

Clay minerals are widely distributed on the surface of Earth, Mars, and Ceres in the solar systems. Among numerous clay minerals, smectites can record the history of the environment through the exchange of interlayer cations with those in water or through redox reactions with the atmosphere. Therefore, characterization of chemical compositions and crystal structures of smectites is crucial for revealing the paleoenvironment. For instance, the crystal structure within octahedral sheets of iron-bearing smectites changes to trioctahedral sheets under reduced or dioctahedral sheets under oxidizing conditions. Orbital infrared and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses by Mars orbiters/rovers revealed the presence of (Fe,Mg)-smectites on the surface of Mars; however, it has been difficult to characterize the properties of these (Fe,Mg)-smectites, which are rare on the surface of Earth. In this study, we synthesized ferrian (ferric ion-rich) and ferrous (ferrous ion-rich) (Fe,Mg)-saponite and revealed the effect of valence states and iron contents on the crystal structures. These saponites were synthesized using a hydrothermal method under reduced conditions. The crystal structures and valence states of iron were analyzed by XRD, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption near edge measurements. The synthesized clays were trioctahedral swelling clays and were identified as saponites. The valence state of iron in these synthesized saponites is altered by oxygen and a reducing agent in water; however, the trioctahedral structures are maintained under both oxidizing and reduced conditions, following a reversible reaction. This mechanism can be interpreted by the desorption and adsorption of hydrogen in the hydroxyls of the octahedral sheets of the smectite layers. The maximum basal spacing of the (02l) lattice plane in the octahedral sheets was defined by compiling various smectite data. When the basal spacing of (02l) is larger than the maximum in dioctahedral smectites, smectite can be identified as trioctahedral smectite. The redox state of iron in the octahedral sheet cannot be determined from the basal spacing of (02l). We revealed that the iron content in the trioctahedral sheet has a linear relationship with lattice parameter b. This provides a method to estimate the iron content in saponite from XRD data. The XRD profiles of smectites found at the Yellowknife Bay on Mars can be explained only by trioctahedral smectites, and the iron content in the octahedral sheet is roughly estimated to be 0.5–1.7 in a half-unit cell. These results indicate that the presence of (Fe,Mg)-saponite implies a reduced environment during the formation and that this iron-bearing saponite has both oxidation and reduction capabilities depending on the environment.
Mermaid Iconography and Early Modern Anglo-American Maritime Culture
Authors: Scribner Vaughn
Published: October 2021

This article builds upon recent research on early modern Anglo-American maritime culture to demonstrate how mariners used shared mermaid iconography (such as spaces, symbolism, objects, superstitions, and songs) to cultivate an ‘imagined community’ that linked their lives at sea to that on land, and vice versa. Ships and taverns were key to such efforts, as these public spheres – themselves branded by mermaid iconography – served as well-recognised nodes of maritime identity-ways. Ultimately, early modern Anglo-American sailors claimed mermaid iconography as critical symbols of maritime culture that transcended space and time, thereby helping diverse constituents of global empires to create connections wherever they travelled.
Mermaid Allusions and Star Promotion in the Greek Video-Film Gorgona (1987)
Authors: Mini Panayiota
Published: October 2021

This article examines the first Greek film to give a central role to the concept of the mermaid: Georges Skalenakis’ 1987 direct-to-video feature Gorgona (‘Mermaid’). Although actually concerning an all-human female, Gorgona attaches to her many traits of both the internationally common half-fish/half-woman creature (known in Greek as γοργόνα/gorgona) and the mermaid sister (also known as γοργόνα) in the legend of Alexander the Great. The article identifies the video-film’s allusions to these fishtailed figures and argues that the film produced an updated mermaid image that responded to other national and foreign audiovisual conceptions of the mermaid of the 1980s and enriched the star persona of its female lead, Eleni Filini, with a mythic quality and national symbolism.
Autoencoder Neural Network Approaches for Anomaly Detection in IBOVESPA Stock Market Index
Authors: Takara Lucas de Azevedo , Mariani Viviana Cocco , Coelho Leandro dos Santos
Published: October 2021

Anomalies are patterns in data that do not conform to a well-defined notion of normal behavior. Anomaly detection has been applied to many problems such as bank fraud, fault detection, noise reduction, among many others. Some approaches to detect anomalies include classical statistical econometric methods such as AutoRegressive Moving Average (ARMA) and AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) approaches. More recently, with the progress of artificial intelligence and more specifically, machine learning, new algorithms such as one-class support vector machines, isolation forest, gradient boosting, and deep neural networks were applied to such tasks. This paper focuses on propose an anomaly detection framework for the Índice da Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo (IBOVESPA). It is a major stock market index that tracks the performance of around 50 most liquid stocks traded on the São Paulo Stock Exchange in Brazil. Exploring unsupervised autoencoder neural network algorithms, we compare the long short-term autoencoder, bidirectional long short-term autoencoder, and convolutional autoencoder models, aiming to explore the performance of these architectures for anomaly detection. Due to the ability of autoencoders to learn a compressed representation of their respective input, we train these models with standard data by minimizing the mean absolute error (MAE) loss function and evaluate them with anomalous inputs. We set a reconstruction error threshold, and in case that the reconstruction error of the test data sample is beyond it, anomalies are detected. Our results show that these models perform quite well and can be applied to real stock market data.
Applying LSTM for Stock Price Prediction with Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Heiden Alexandre , Parpinelli Rafael Stubs
Published: October 2021

Financial news has been proven to be valuable source of information for the evaluation of stock market volatility. Most of the attention has been given to social media platforms, while news from vehicles such as newspapers are not as widely explored. Newspapers provide, although in a smaller volume, more reliable information than social media platforms. In this context, this research aims to examine the influence of financial news within the stock price prediction problem, by using the VADER sentiment analysis model to process the news and feed the sentiments as a feature into a LSTM-based stock price prediction model, along with the historical data of the assets. Experiments indicate that the model has better results when the news’ sentiments are considered, and the model demonstrates potential to accurately predict stock prices up to around 60 days into the future.
Dynamic evaluation of regional water resources carrying capacity based on set pair analysis and partial connection number
Authors: Li Zheng , Jin Juliang , Cui Yi , Zhang Libing , Wu Chengguo , Ning Shaowei , Zhou Yuliang
Published: October 2021

In order to quantitatively evaluate and analyze regional water resources carrying capacity (WRCC) and to describe the micro motion between connection number components, a more applicable evaluation model was sought. Firstly, an evaluation index system and grade standards for a regional WRCC were constructed. Then, a method for determining the connection number was proposed, which considered the micro motion between the connection number components in the system structure. Finally, an evaluation model based on set pair analysis (SPA) and partial connection number (PCN) that used subtraction set pair potential (SPP) to identify vulnerability factors was built, and identification results were compared with the total partial connection number (TPCN). The model was applied to Huaibei City, Anhui Province, China. The results showed that: the WRCC grade value was between 2 and 3 which was poor; the support and regulation subsystem grade value was between 2 and 3, and the pressure subsystem grade value was between 1 and 2. SPP identified that the support force and regulation force subsystem were the vulnerable subsystems. Eight indexes, including water resources per capita, rate of ecological water consumption and density of population, were the main indicators causing the poor WRCC, which were in good agreement with the local measured data. In addition, the SPP and TPCN were compared to further verify rationality of the connection number determination method and reliability of the identification results. The model established in this paper has strong applicability and can also be used for the dynamic evaluation of other resources, including the environment and ecological carrying capacity. The results in this study provide a scientific basis for water resources management and decision-making.
INTEGRATION AND CENTRIFUGAL TENDENCIES IN THE CASPIAN REGION: LEGAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Institute for Legal Studies and Regional Integration, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, RUSHID A. KURBANOV , ASIA M. BELYALOVA ,   Institute for Legal Studies and Regional Integration, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the legal basis for cooperation of the states of the Caspian region - Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Iran. With the signing of the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea in 2018, the relations between five countries have reached a qualitatively new level. While with the collapse of the Soviet Union centrifugal trends dominated cooperation, especially after the former Soviet republics gained independence, recent years have been characterized by centripetal tendencies, and the COVID-19 crisis has clearly demonstrated that only by joint efforts the countries can confront today's challenges and threats. An important aspect of cooperation among the Caspian littoral states is their membership in various integration groupings, which imposes certain obligations on these states, undoubtedly affecting their interaction in the Caspian region.
2ND INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC FORUM "CASPIAN REGION 2021: WAYS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT" MAY 26-28 2021, ASTRAKHAN
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, ANNA V. FEDOTOVA , OLGA YU. KOSMACHEVA ,   Astrakhan State University, ELENA M. KOLESNIKOVA ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

The article gives an overview of the scientific forum "Caspian Region 2021: Ways of Sustainable Development" held on May 26-28, 2021 in the city of Astrakhan on the basis of the Astrakhan State University. The brief overview introduces the main directions of the forum related to the priority vectors of the Caspian macro-region development, touching upon the issues of cooperation in the scientific and educational sphere on the scale of the Great Caspian Sea, the development of the transport and logistics cluster, integrated safety and security in the context of the economic, cultural, environmental and geopolitical components, youth policy and education development issues. The International Scientific Forum "Caspian Region 2021: Ways of Sustainable Development" united leaders of the science system, higher education and youth policy, leading scientists, experts of higher education and will become the driver of the Year of Science and Technology in Russia. More than 20 events took place within the framework of the Forum: panel discussions, a national conference with international participation, a meeting of the Commission on Science, Research and Technology of the Association of State Universities of the Caspian Countries, a joint meeting of the Council of Rectors of Universities of the Southern Federal District and the North Caucasus Federal District, a meeting of the Caspian Discussion Club, round tables, excursions, presentations, lectures on relevant topics.
Human Amniotic Fluid for the Treatment of Hospitalized, Symptomatic, and Laboratory-verified SARS-CoV-2 Patients
Authors: Barati Mojgan , Rahim Fakher
Published: October 2021

New reports offer evidence that under different circumstances, intrauterine mother-infant transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs. In contrast, early observations in the COVID-19 pandemic recommended that vertical transmission from women infected with SARS-CoV-2 can be challenging and no virus is detected in human amniotic fluid (HAF). The present study aimed to propose the idea that HAF can be used as a potential therapy for hospitalized, symptomatic, and laboratory-verified SARS-CoV-2 patients by mitigating COVID-19 related inflammation and decreasing its fibrosis. Considering that COVID-19 can cause a severe pulmonary fibrotic response in some patients, HAF by decreasing fibrosis may be considered as an alternative and novel therapy against COVID-19. Lastly, given the inexpensive, easy to access, and safe nature of HAF, integrating this therapy may decrease the COVID-19 attributed death and burden to the health system, especially in countries with limited access to vaccines where HAF is widely available.
Difficult Airway Management in Pediatric with a Large Cystic Hygroma Colli Undergoing One-Stage Excision Surgery
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University Indonesia, Adhi Mahendratama Purnama , Poerwosusanta Hery ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University Indonesia
Published: October 2021

Background: A large cystic hygroma colli is a complicating factor in airway management in pediatric. Proper preparation, planning, and anticipation can reduce the risk of complications, morbidity, and mortality during difficult airway management. The fundamental principle of difficult airway management is to maintain adequate oxygenation and avoid hypoxemia by maintaining spontaneous ventilation. Case: A 22-month-old girl, weighing 9 kg, diagnosed with a large cystic hygroma colli who underwent single-stage excision surgery. Cystic hygroma was experienced since birth and with age, the cysts enlarge to a size of 25 x 17 x 12 cm which extends towards the face and shoulders. The patient did not experience stridor and symptoms of airway obstruction. The chest x-ray reveals no expansion of the cyst into the chest cavity and showed minimal tracheal deviation to the right. The difficult airway management was accomplished while maintaining the patient's spontaneous breathing. Sedation and analgesia obtained with intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and nebulized lidocaine. A video laryngoscope is used to facilitate intubation. Awake extubation was performed after confirming that there was no risk of complications of laryngeal edema, laryngeal nerve injury, and tracheomalacia using a cuff-leak test. Conclusion: Maintaining spontaneous breathing, optimal levels of sedation and analgesia by administering dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and nebulizing lidocaine, and the use of a video laryngoscope can provide successful management of difficult airways due to a large cystic hygroma colli in pediatric patients.
Effective Enteral Treatment of Antibiotic for Patient with Respiratory Failure and Septic Shock in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors:   Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Department, Medical Faculty, Brawijaya University / Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia Indonesia, Sari Maya , Jaya Wiwi ,   Intensivist and Anesthesiologist, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya Univesity, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia, Fatoni Arie Zainul ,   Intensivist and Anesthesiologist, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya Univesity, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

Background: Pneumonia is a lung infection involving pulmonary alveoli caused by microbes, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It is a major infection that causes hospitalization and death worldwide and exacts an enormous cost in economic and human terms. The study to assess clinical outcomes for a critically ill patient treated with an enteral antibiotic for bacterial pneumonia is still limited. Case: We reported a case of pneumonia from 68 years old patient that caused respiratory failure and septic shock in the intensive care unit treated by enteral antibiotic and had a good outcome. Conclusion: Pneumonia can cause respiratory failure and septic conditions. Optimum antibiotic management is one of the methods to solve this problem. The benefit of utilizing enteral antibiotics is substantial and probably appropriate in certain patients.
Perioperative Management of Percutaneous Dilated Tracheostomy for Patient during Intensive Care after Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) Shunt Installation
Authors:   Department Anesthesiology and Intensive Care RSUD Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta Indonesia, Satriawan Angky Hari
Published: October 2021

Background: Tracheostomy is a technique used to treat patients with inadequate ventilation and upper airway obstruction by making air passage through the neck directly into the trachea. Percutaneous dilated tracheostomy is usually performed in patients requiring long-term use of a ventilator in an intensive care unit. Basic knowledge of perioperative management of percutaneous dilated tracheostomy is fundamental and must be mastered by anesthesiologists. Case: A woman, 45 years old is treated at dr. Moewardi hospital with decreased consciousness E2V2M3, non-communicant hydrocephalus, and intraventricular hemorrhage. The patient underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery and was admitted to the intensive care unit. Patients require long-term use of a ventilator and thus require percutaneous dilated tracheostomy. The percutaneous dilated tracheostomy procedure was successfully performed and there were no complications after the procedure. Conclusion: Percutaneous dilated tracheostomy is a minimally invasive tracheostomy technique as an alternative to conventional techniques, with lower complications and shorter time.
Custom Made Implant in Revision Knee Arthroplasty with AORI 3 Bone Defect: а Case Report
Authors: Zykin Andrey A. , Gerasimov Sergey A. , Morozova Ekaterina A.
Published: October 2021

Background. Replacement of extensive bone defects during revision knee arthroplasty (RKA) is a certain problem. The development of additive technologies allows us to produce an individual titanium augment to restore the lost bone tissue. The aim of the study is to show the possibility of replacing extensive tibia defects with an custom made augment during revision knee artroplasty. Case presentation. The patient is 66 years old. At the age of 58, due to secondary knee osteoarthritis in 2 years interval, the patient underwent total knee arthroplasty: left in 2012, right in 2014. Subsequently, several revision interventions were required for early periprosthetic infection of the right knee joint. From 2015 to 2018, due to the infection remission, the function of the right knee joint was satisfactory. In 2018, the patient admitted to our clinic with the periprosthetic infection relapse. Due to the previous treatment, the patient had type 3 bone defect according to the AORI classification. A two-stage revision knee arthroplasty was performed. To compensate the extensive tibial defect, the individual tibial implant was manufactured using additive technologies, and a semiconstrained endoprosthesis was implanted. There was no relapse of infection during the observation. There is deficit of active extension, there are no radiological signs of the implant instability. Conclusion. In our case, we were able to achieve satisfactory results in patient with a complex anamnesis and extensive bone defects. The use of individual implant helped to avoid arthrodesis, preserve the weight-bearing of the lower limb and articulation in the knee joint. The use of implants made using 3D technologies is a promising solution for compensating defects of types 2B and 3 according to the AORI classification.
Hypotrophic Clavicle Pseudoarthrosis Treatment: a Case Report
Authors: Kaplunov Oleg A. , Demkin Sergey A. , Abdullaev Kamil F. , Kaplunov Kirill O.
Published: October 2021

Background. The treatment of post-traumatic of the clavicle false joint remains a subject of discussion regarding the technology of the surgical intervention. Recently, the use of vascularized fibular flap reconstruction technique has been popularized, but the potential of the external osteosynthesis remains relevant. Clinical case description. A 70-year-old patient got a fracture of the middle third of the left clavicle diaphysis as a result of a fall. He underwent four surgical treatment options: plate osteosynthesis; plate osteosynthesis + bone autoplasty; plate osteosynthesis + vascularized fibular flap reconstruction; external osteosynthesis. A month after the fourth attempt of surgical treatment, fusion, improvement of the function of the right upper limb and the quality of life of the patient were achieved. Technological inaccuracy, namely, the lack of the fragments fixation stability due to the incorrectly chosen length of the plate, as well as an incomplete assessment of the anamnesis and the identified cognitive behavioral features of the patient, are considered as possible reasons for the treatment failure. Conclusion. Attempts of surgical treatment using plates in combination with bone autoplasty, including vascularized skin-bone flaps, do not always ensure the achievement of clavicle fractures fusion. In such situations, it is advisable to use the potential of external osteosynthesis with the reasonable planning.
The Main Trends in Hip Arthroplasty Based on the Data in the Vreden’s Arthroplasty Register from 2007 to 2020
Authors: Shubnyakov Igor I. , Riahi Aymen , Denisov Alexey O. , Korytkin Andrey A. , Aliev Alimuad G. , Veber Eugeniy V. , Muravyova Julia V. , Sereda Andrei P. , Tikhilov Rashid M.
Published: October 2021

This publication is the official report describing all total hip arthroplasty procedures registered in the database from 01.01.2007 to 31.12.2020. During this period, 74762 operations were performed: 67019 (89.64%) primary and 7743 (10.36%) revision. The proportion of males and females underwent primary arthroplasty was 41.1% and 59.0%, respectively. The age of patients with primary arthroplasty was 57.8 years (95% CI from 57.7 to 57.9), with revision 59.3 years (95% CI from 59.0 to 59.6). The absolute number of primary hip arthroplasty procedures added into the database increased annually from 2007 to 2012. Since 2015, there has been a trend towards a decrease in the number of hip arthroplasty, due to the more intensive growth in the number of knee replacements performed. The number of revision hip arthroplasty operations varies from year to year with a clear tendency to increase, except 2020. The large proportion of revisions are accounted for by early revisions performed in the first years after primary hip arthroplasty, as well as early re-revisions. The main types of implants fixation on primary arthroplasty during the reporting period were cementless (50.89%) and hybrid (32.33%). In patients of older age groups, there is a significant decrease in the proportion of cementless fixation, while the proportion of hybrid, reverse hybrid and cemented structures is increasing. There are significant fluctuations in the ratio of different types of implants fixation in different years.
Surgical Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talar Dome: Review
Authors: Pashkova Ekaterina A. , Sorokin Evgenii P. , Fomichev Viktor A. , Konovalchuk Nikita S. , Demyanova Ksenia A.
Published: October 2021

Background. The relevance of the talar dome osteochondral lesions problem is assosiated with the difficulties of diagnosis, the lack of unified treatment algorythm and the great number of unsatisfactory clinical and functional results. In the last decade, there has been increasing interest in this topic in the literature, which is demonstrated by a great number of publications with series of observations or clinical cases. However, attempts to create the universal algorithm for this group of patients treatment are limited by the low level of existing studies evidence, high frequency of the new data publications, as well as the impossibility of using a number of surgical methods in different countries for legislative or other reasons. The aim is to determine the current state of the problem of the talar dome osteochondral lesions surgical treatment and to identify types of surgical interventions in patients with the studied pathology. Material and methods. 120 international articles published from 2000 to 2021, as well as 18 domestic publications for the period from 2007 to 2021 were selected for the literature analysis. The search for publications was carried out in the PubMed/MedLine and eLibrary databases. Results. The most widespread are surgical interventions aimed at stimulation of the bone marrow, and plastic surgery using osteochondral auto - and allografts. Currently, there is no consensus on the indications for different types of surgical methods, and the previously used indications are being questioned. This determines the need to improve diagnostic and treatment concepts. Conclusion. The studied literature cannot fully answer a number of questions related to the methods of surgical treatment of patients with symptomatic osteochondral lesions of the talar dome and indications for them. A more detailed assessment of the medium- and long-term clinical outcomes of various surgical methods and the development of algorithms for this group of patients treatment, specific for different countries, are needed.