bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intégrer la complexité dans la question du développement territorial par une posture entrepreneuriale des élus : Le cas de la SPL Destination Amnéville
Authors: Nobile Didier
Published: May 2022

L’objet de cette recherche est d’étudier le lien entre complexité et stratégie dans le contexte d’une collectivité territoriale. À partir d’une étude de cas unique et en adoptant une démarche d’observation participante, nous nous interrogeons sur la manière dont un élu local intègre la complexité des situations rencontrées dans son action publique. Pour ce faire nous émettons la proposition de recherche selon laquelle l’adoption d’une posture d’élu-entrepreneur fondée sur le concept d’orientation entrepreneuriale est mieux à même d’intégrer cette complexité. Sur les bénéfices de notre observation participante et de nos allers-retours terrain/théorie nous réalisons deux constats majeurs. Nous observons d’abord qu’adopter la pensée complexe sert la stratégie en ce qu’elle permet d’incorporer les nouveaux éléments au fur et à mesure de leur survenance, autorise la construction d’une stratégie chemin faisant et facilite la coopération entre les acteurs. Nous constatons ensuite qu’une posture d’élu entrepreneur fondée sur le concept d’orientation entrepreneuriale adaptée au secteur à but non lucratif permet d’intégrer efficacement la complexité dans la quête de l’innovation, de la proactivité et dans la prise de risque.
Coopération inter-organisationnelle dans le domaine de la santé. Le cas des Maisons de Santé Pluri-professionnelles en France
Authors: Yatim Fatima , Sebai Jihane
Published: May 2022

Bien que le secteur des soins de premier recours ait joué un rôle central dans la lutte contre l’épidémie du COVID, la crise a montré les limites de ce secteur et plus particulièrement en termes de coopération entre professionnels de santé. Ce constat n’est pas nouveau dans la mesure où l’enjeu a été identifié depuis plusieurs années en France et dans le monde entier. Les expérimentations réalisées à ce jour pour introduire de nouvelles approches de coopération interprofessionnelle montrent des résultats probants sur le plan clinique mais il existe peu de travaux sur les configurations structurelles et organisationnelles qui favorisent la coopération entre les professionnels de santé. Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons spécifiquement à cette problématique à travers le cas des Maisons de Santé Pluri-professionnelles françaises (MSP). Nous analysons le niveau de coopération entre ces structures de soins de premier recours et les autres acteurs de santé et identifions les caractéristiques structurelles et organisationnelles associées. Pour ce faire, nous nous basons sur les données d’une enquête réalisée auprès de l’ensemble des MSP en France par l’Observatoire des recompositions de l’offre de soins de la Direction Générale de l’Offre de Soins (DGOS) ainsi que sur les résultats d’une enquête qualitative complémentaire. Les résultats de notre recherche présentent un bilan des principales caractéristiques structurelles et organisationnelles des MSP en établissant un lien avec le niveau de coopération. Aussi, nous mettons en avant l’existence d’une réelle dynamique d’implantation, en même temps qu’une faible coopération avec les autres acteurs de santé.
Affilier les enfants nés de viols politiques
Authors: Mestre Claire , Pinheiro Léa , Guéry Laura
Published: May 2022

La consultation transculturelle du CHU de Bordeaux accueille des femmes mettant au monde des enfants nés de viols politiques, venant surtout de la République Démocratique du Congo. Qu’est-ce qu’un viol politique ? A partir de notre expérience clinique, nous en donnons une définition afin de saisir la profondeur du traumatisme infligé aux femmes, dont le corps est le champ de bataille d’hommes représentant un ordre puissant et sans limite. L’enfant né dans ces circonstances est porteur de l’infâme et la mère peine à l’investir. Grâce à une méthodologie complémentariste, nous tentons de soigner la mère et aussi de prévenir, autant que possible, la transmission du traumatisme. Nous concentrons notre attention sur la nomination de l’enfant qui traduit une affiliation de l’enfant à la mère et à sa culture, malgré le brouillage de la filiation. Nous accompagnons aussi les autres actes d’affiliation, le religieux particulièrement. Nous nous appuyons sur un exemple clinique pour illustrer notre analyse.
Un exil peut en cacher un autre
Authors: Katz-Gilbert Muriel , Bourguignon Manon
Published: May 2022

L’étude de cas porte sur les répercussions psychiques des catastrophes d’origine sociale ; il s’agit de pointer combien l’effondrement des garants métasociaux met à mal les contrats narcissiques. Les contenants externes et internes sont soumis à rude épreuve suite à des exils répétitifs qui font suite à des ruptures catastrophiques de différentes natures. À partir de l’analyse du récit biographique d’une femme qui retrace son passé de bébé caché pendant la Shoah, nous explorons la capacité d’une survivante à se raconter et à retracer l’histoire des siens après différentes ruptures catastrophiques. Un nouveau métacadre social suffisamment stable donné dans un pays d’accueil favorisera un important remaniement identificatoire au service de la différenciation subjective : cela permet de rompre avec les pactes aliénants du groupe familial d’origine et de se distancer du passé traumatique qui hante la famille survivante. Nous tenterons de montrer combien la remembrance du passé soutient la restauration des contrats narcissiques fortement mis à mal.
Du transculturel intraculturel
Authors: Cuisinier Calvino Laetitia , Rabeyron Thomas
Published: May 2022

Nous proposons dans ce travail d’interroger les spécificités du positionnement clinique lorsque les patients font le récit d’expériences et de pratiques relevant du champ du paranormal et des pratiques alternatives. La comparaison de deux situations cliniques met en exergue des différences dans la posture du clinicien à l’égard de ces récits selon que l’on soit dans une configuration intraculturelle ou transculturelle. Face à des récits qui questionnent la représentation du monde du patient et du clinicien, comme l’évocation d’une consultation médiumnique ou la pratique du chamanisme, il s’agit d’adapter l’approche complémentariste et l’exercice de décentrage malgré le partage d’un espace culturel commun avec le patient. Cela nécessite également de repérer les spécificités de l’accompagnement clinique de ce « transculturel intraculturel » sur le plan de la dynamique transférentielle.
De la harga à la révolte
Authors: Bensaada Ouafa
Published: May 2022

La harga fait des ravages en Algérie. Depuis les années 2000, des jeunes s’embarquent clandestinement sur des chaloupes en quête d’une vie meilleure. Le début de la révolte populaire de 2019 a été marqué par une forte diminution de cette harga . L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier les représentations des harraga dans le contexte de la révolte populaire. L’interprétation analytique d’entretiens avec des harraga , et l’analyse des slogans scandés, montre comment la révolte a pu, pour un temps, constituer une alternative à la harga . Les deux semblent aux prises avec la hogra un sentiment de mépris et d’humiliation.
Clinique du traumatisme, de la transmission au partage : témoigner pour restaurer les liens
Authors: Sawaya Michèle
Published: May 2022

Dans la clinique du traumatisme, aborder la question de la transmission s’impose. À partir d’un travail de recherche sur la transmission des vécus de guerre (contexte libanais), nous nous efforçons à mettre en lumière les différents enjeux qui se posent au chercheur/clinicien travaillant avec des personnes ayant un parcours de vie jalonné de ruptures. Au sein des familles libanaises migrantes rencontrées en France, la narration de l’histoire est difficile pour le parent, mais n’empêche pas qu’elle soit rêvée et imaginée par les enfants. La transmission se fait malgré des efforts conscients pour l’inhiber. Mais elle va au-delà de la sphère familiale et atteint le chercheur qui devient dépositaire de cette histoire, et se doit à son tour de la rendre partageable et la transmettre à ses pairs. Ce travail de transformation est essentiel, particulièrement dans la clinique du trauma qui peut isoler clinicien ou chercheur si cette expérience n’est pas partagée.
La Russie, l’Europe et nous (I). Réflexions sur une crise géopolitique majeure
Authors: Franc Claude
Published: May 2022

La guerre imposée par la Russie à l’Ukraine ouvre une crise géopolitique majeure mettant en cause tous les équilibres mis en place en Europe. Ce peut être une opportunité pour que celle-ci reprenne son destin en main en ayant une ambition commune ouverte vers l’avenir.
La Russie, l’Europe et nous (II). Ni Yalta ni Munich, mais Helsinki
Authors: Franc Claude
Published: May 2022

L’histoire européenne est marquée par les guerres et donc par des traités entérinant les victoires et les défaites militaires. Certains de ces accords ont pu résoudre les antagonismes avec des solutions durables. D’autres ont échoué à réconcilier les protagonistes. Mais seule la diplomatie peut achever la guerre.
Ukraine, Russie et Églises orthodoxes : enjeux géopolitiques
Authors: Paparella Ivo
Published: May 2022

La crise entre l’Ukraine et la Russie s’inscrit dans un registre civilisationnel complexe dans lequel le facteur religieux est une composante majeure. L’autocéphalie des Églises orthodoxes s’inscrit dans des rivalités historiques entre les patriarcats de Moscou et de Constantinople.
Défense et autonomie stratégique de l’Europe : harmoniser la réponse capacitaire de l’Otan et de l’UE
Authors: Comité 1
Published: May 2022

Face aux défis sécuritaires grandissants, il est nécessaire que l’Europe progresse dans son autonomie stratégique. Cela passe par une démarche pragmatique entre l’UE et l’Otan, notamment dans le domaine capacitaire renforçant la BITDE. La PFUE est ici une opportunité pour favoriser cette envergure.
Gestion des pandémies : renoncement des États au profit des agences internationales ?
Authors: Blachier Martin
Published: May 2022

La pandémie de la Covid-19 a démontré les faiblesses des réponses initiales et la nécessité de raisonner et travailler désormais sur un éventail plus large, par définition international. La dimension européenne est ainsi pertinente et contribuera à renforcer la sécurité sanitaire des Français.
La domination touristique
Authors: Roy Vaishna , Renard Céline
Published: May 2022

Le récent film hollywoodien Everest indique bien, malgré lui, comment la commercialisation effrénée et l’invasion touristique ont réduit la magnificence naturelle du plus haut sommet du monde à une destination distinctive pour pseudo-aventuriers en quête de selfies extrêmes, cajolés par d’invisibles « sherpas » dévoués à leur cause pour une part dérisoire des bénéfices.
Les nouveaux territoires de l’agrobusiness
Authors: Collectif d’organisations sociales
Published: May 2022

Les femmes des communautés rurales sur les terres desquelles empiètent les plantations industrielles sont victimes de violences sexuelles à grande échelle. Obligées de circuler dans et autour de ces plantations, leur vulnérabilité est aggravée par le contexte de pauvreté, d’impunité et d’inégalité de genre dans les prises de décision liées à la terre. Le silence autour de ces abus a trop duré.
Impasses numériques
Authors: Gagliardone Iginio , Polet François
Published: May 2022

L’implication croissante de la Chine dans le domaine des infrastructures de télécommunication en Afrique inquiète : le géant asiatique n’est-il pas en train d’imposer son modèle autoritaire de société de l’information au continent ? L’examen de la coopération chinoise dans trois pays africains va à l’encontre de cette thèse. Néanmoins, l’orientation exclusive de la coopération vers les gouvernements pose un certain nombre de problèmes.
A parameterized level set method for structural topology optimization based on reaction diffusion equation and fuzzy PID control algorithm
Authors: Cui Mingtao , Pan Min , Wang Jie , Li Pengjie
Published: May 2022

We propose a parameterized level set method (PLSM) for structural topology optimization based on reaction diffusion equation (RDE) and fuzzy PID control algorithm. By using the proposed method, the structural compliance minimization problem under volume constraints is studied. In this work, the RDE is used as the evolution equation of level set function, and the topological derivative of the material domain is used as the reaction term of the RDE to drive the evolution of level set function, which has little dependence on the initial design domain, and can generate holes in the material domain; the compactly supported radial basis function (CS-RBF) is used to interpolate the level set function and modify the RDE, which can improve the computational efficiency, and keep the boundary smooth in the optimization process. Meanwhile, the fuzzy PID control algorithm is used to deal with the volume constraints, so that the convergence process of the structure volume is relatively stable. Furthermore, the proposed method is applied to 3D structural topology optimization. Several typical numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this method.
Cuatro nuevas especies de Onosma (Boraginaceae) de Irán un importante centro de diversidad del género en el mundo
Authors: Reza Mehrabian Ahmad , Mozaffarian Valiollah , Naghizadeh Siavash
Published: May 2022

En este estudio, se describen e ilustran cuatro nuevas especies de Onosma subsect. Asterotricha del noroeste, oeste y norte de Irán. Estas especies se han descrito tras una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura y un estudio comparativo de especímenes de diversos herbarios. Esta propuesta se basa en la divergencia significativa de los caracteres morfológicos más importantes. Se incluye una clave diagnostica para las nuevas especies y para los miembros de la sect Asterotrichous reconocidos en Flora Iranica. Se incluye también una descripción detallada y la distribución de las especies, así como una tabla comparativa con las especies más estrechamente relacionadas.
Sobre la identidad de la especie andina Senecio bonplandianus (≡ Cacalia cinerarioides)
Authors: Calvo Joel
Published: May 2022

La especie Senecio bonplandianus ha sido malinterpretada o desatendida durante mucho tiempo probablemente debido a la incertidumbre acerca de la procedencia del material tipo indicado en el protólogo. Se clarifica aquí su taxonomía y se trata como el nombre prioritario para la entidad conocida hasta la fecha como S. minesinus, nombre que se trata como sinónimo. Se proporcionan también nuevos datos para ayudar a comprender el posible origen del material tipo.
Los prodigios del amor (1619) y la novela de Polidoro y Aurelia (1620): un caso de auto-reescritura en la obra de Alonso Jerónimo de Salas Barbadillo
Authors: Mancinelli Matteo
Published: May 2022

El presente artículo sondea la intertextualidad entre la comedia Los prodigios del amor (1619) y Polidoro y Aurelia (1620), novela corta en verso, ambas de Alonso Jerónimo de Salas Barbadillo. En concreto, tras resaltar las afinidades argumentales que las vinculan, se evidencian sus mayores diferencias. Valiéndonos de la terminología de Genette, se examinan aquí las transformaciones acometidas para reescribir y adaptar la historia de los amantes napolitanos a la gramática de un relato en octavas.
Epopeya y novela corta: la historia de Lijerea y Armeno
Authors: Baldissera Andrea
Published: May 2022

El artículo pretende resaltar rasgos compartidos por epopeya y novela corta en verso. Por un lado, individúa algunas huellas métricas, lingüísticas y estílisticas que la poesía épica deja en la narrativa breve en verso; por otra parte, analiza con detalle la estructura y la ideología novelescas de un episodio del Monserrate de Cristóbal de Virués (y de las demás digresiones narrativas que lo rodean), en el equilibrio entre hechos bélicos y peripecias romanzescas.
The Wealth of Ethno-Nations: Notes on the Identity Economy
Authors: Comaroff John , Comaroff Jean
Published: May 2022

The commodification of culture as intellectual property and the corporatization of identity — the two constitutive elements of what have come to be known as “ethnicity, inc.” and “nationality, inc.” — have intensified greatly across the world in the past few decades. Ethnicity has been repurposed in the process, animating new species of value, new claims to sovereignty, territory, and property, new kinds of sociality, sensibility, and political subjectivity. And nationality has, of late, come ever more to mimic ethnicity, albeit on a larger scale. This essay explores the commodification of difference, its material, political, social, cultural, and juridical implications. The 21st century identity economy, it is argued, is at once a political economy, a moral economy, a cultural economy, and an affective economy. What is more, its recent historical development has had significant implications not merely for the ways in which ethnic groups and nations capitalize on their cultural difference. It also has a direct effect on the nature of ethnicized/racialized labor, and transnational labor migration, across the contemporary world.
Biological Characterization of Different Samples of Chitin and Chitosan for their Application on Biomedical Field
Authors: Canahua-Loza Hugo , Huanca-Zuñiga Paul , Chavez Belinda , Canahua-Sosa Leslie , Almirón Jonathan , Tupayachy-Quispe Danny
Published: May 2022

In this study, the degree of acetylation (DA) and degree of deacetylation (DDA) were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, and their viability was evaluated by the cytocompatibility test with L132 epithelial cells, from samples of chitin and chitosan extracted of Cryphiops caementarius. FT-IR measurements resulted in the successful determination of DA and DDA. Particularly the results showed that, the chitosan CHT-C has the highest DDA (93%), while viability tests employed to determine the cytotoxicity of chitin and chitosan showed that the cell survival rate of CH-C and CHT-C are 130% and 75% respectively while commercial CHT has a rate of 80% approximately, demonstrating that the CH-C (chitin) a favorable behavior against L132 cell.
Chaining of Compaction with Flow Simulations to Predict the Filling Behavior in Resin Transfer Molding Processes
Authors: Bublitz Dennis , Thalhamer Andreas , Schwöller Johannes , Faron David , Colin David , Drechsler Klaus
Published: May 2022

Closed mold injection processes such as resin transfer molding have an increasing importance for manufacturing high quality carbon fiber reinforced parts at high production rates. One major challenge during this process is to avoid resin rich corners, which are a result of a non-uniform compaction of the preform in the tool. The objective of this work is to predict compaction defects in the preform and their effects on the filling behavior. We use numerical compaction simulations to calculate the preform geometry after tool closing, which is subsequently transferred into the infiltration simulation to model the filling behavior. Additionally, the fiber volume content and the material orientations are transferred from the mechanical simulation. Areas in the tool, which are not filled by the reinforcement, are modelled as flow channels with high permeability. The achieved results prove the significant influence of the compaction state on the filling behavior. The novel method supports the design of RTM tools and helps to optimize the manufacturing process.
Non-Equilibrium Solidification Calculation and Microstructure Analysis of Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni High-Power Density Piston Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Tang Jin Jun , Liang Cui , Xu Chen Guang
Published: May 2022

Taking M142 high power density piston alloy as the research object, using thermo Calc thermodynamic calculation. The solidification path of the alloy system is calculated in the composition range of Cu (3.5% - 6.0wt%), Mg (0.5% - 1.2wt%), Si (11% - 14wt%) and Ni (2.1% - 3.0wt%). The microstructure formation laws of Cu, Mg and Ni elements were obtained. And the relationship between residual structure and temperature and composition in different states and stages. Analysis of alloy element pairs δ Phase (Al3CuNi) γ Phase (Al7Cu4Ni) and other main strengthening phases are analyzed and evaluated comprehensively. Based on the calculation of the solidification path of the alloy, the microstructure of the alloy is optimized, especially the multi eutectic and peritectic structure platform. The microstructure content, composition and temperature precipitation space are comprehensively designed and calculated, so as to optimize the process parameters such as the best composition, temperature and pressure of the alloy.
Denture Base PMMA Resin Containing Vanillin Inhibits Biofilm Formation of Bacteria Associated with Malodor
Authors: Thaweboon Sroisiri , Thaweboon Boonyanit , Sopavanit Cherdkul
Published: May 2022

Dentures are prosthetic device made of polymethyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA) resin generally used by elderly people to replace their real teeth. However, the porosity and surface irregularities of acrylic resin are undesirable aspects of the denture base that can support colonization of oral microorganisms on the denture surface, particularly those associated with malodor. Oral malodor is a common and upsetting situation frequently found in denture wearers due to inadequate denture cleaning. A large number of strategies had been employed to minimize the potential bacterial pathogens, including mechanical brushing and using chemical agents. Therefore, we have developed denture PMMA resin containing vanillin and evaluated antimicrobial potential against four species of bacteria related to oral malodor. Denture base resin samples were prepared with dimensions of 10 mm x 10 mm x 1 mm. according to the amount of incorporating vanillin concentrations (0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% w/w) and coated with saliva. Then, the biofilm formation of four species of bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 33384, Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586, and Actinomyces viscosus ATCC 19246) was performed on resin samples in anaerobically condition for 48-72 h. Denture resin sample without vanillin was prepared in the same way and used as a control. The quantity of vital biofilm was assessed by WST Microbial Cell Counting Kit (Dojindo Molecular Technologies, USA). Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s method were applied for statistical analysis. The results showed that in the groups of 0.5% and 1.0% w/w vanillin, significant decreases of biofilm mass were observed in all tested bacteria (P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and F. nucleatum) compared with controls, except for A. viscosus. Approximately 30% to 38% bacterial biofilm reduction was demonstrated at 1.0% w/w vanillin on three species of bacteria, whereas 7% to 27% biofilm decreases were observed at 0.5% vanillin. No significant biofilm reduction was observed in A. viscosus. This conforms to our previous studies which revealed the antimicrobial properties of denture PMMA resin containing vanillin on respiratory pathogens and oral yeast. Denture base resin consisting of vanillin may be considered as a promising dental appliance for the use to prevent or solve the problem of oral malodor in patients who wear dentures.
Enhancement of Antiwetting Properties of Polystyrene Nanofibrous Membrane by Doping with Graphene Nanoplatelets
Authors: Elrasheedy Asmaa , El Kady Marwa F. , Bassyouni Mohamed , Yoshitake Tsuyoshi , El Shazly Ahmed Hassan
Published: May 2022

Membrane distillation (MD) being an emerging technology, it suffers from many limitations. One of which is the need for membranes with specific characteristics to ensure successful operation and sustainable performance. Membrane wetting phenomenon is one of the significant disadvantages of MD which take place primarily due to membrane pore wetting with the operating liquids. The present work studies the effect of addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on enhancing the antiwetting properties of enhanced polystyrene (PS12-SDS) nanofibrous membranes. Results showed that adding 0.5wt% of GNPs to the PS12-SDS polymer matrix enhanced the hydrophobicity of the produced membranes and decreased the mean fiber diameter of the produced membranes by about 5.5% and 36.6%, respectively. The composite (PS12-SDS-GNPs) membrane also showed better salt rejection compared with PS12-SDS at all studied feed flow rates.
Self-Sensing Capabilities of Cement Pastes Treated by Direct Current Curing Technique
Authors: Al-Qaralleh Mohammad
Published: May 2022

In this study, an innovative curing technique, that is able to polarize the ions inside cement pastes is investigated. This technique is curing the cement paste while applying a direct current (DC). A total of 6 cement paste cubes were casted, 3 of them were not treated so it will serve as a reference and other 3 were cured while applying 25 V DC on two opposite sides of the specimen. All specimens were tested under different amplitude cyclic loading and the produced piezoelectric voltage was recorded. The results show that this technique was able to increase the produced piezoelectric voltage of the treated cement paste specimens when compared to the reference ones. In addition, the produced piezoelectricity showed a proportional behavior to the applied loads, which indicates the capabilities of self-sensing of the treated specimens. The voltage sensitivity values of the both the reference specimens and the treated ones are 0.34 and 1.77 mV/kN, respectively. The effect of the trapped moisture inside the specimens was also investigated, and the results show that the piezoelectricity greatly depends on the existence of moisture inside the specimens.
Fever, Seizures and Encephalopathy
Authors: Kaur Prabhjot , Sharma Suvasini , Konanki Ramesh , Prasad Asuri N.
Published: May 2022

Fever-associated seizures and febrile encephalopathy are common neurological problems in children. Infections of the nervous system are responsible for the majority of cases. However, there is a spectrum of infection-associated and inflammatory conditions associated with the triad of fever, seizures, and encephalopathy. Apart from complex febrile seizures and febrile status epilepticus, fever infection-related epilepsy syndrome of childhood (FIRES), infantile hemiconvulsion hemiplegia epilepsy syndrome (IHHE), acute encephalopathy with delayed diffusion restriction (AESD), acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANE), and reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) are age-related clinical phenotypes of fever-related epilepsy and encephalopathy. Awareness of these entities is important for appropriate diagnosis and the prompt use of immunomodulatory/immunosuppressive therapies. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology, clinical phenotypes, and management approaches of these fever-related seizure and encephalopathy states.
Role of early estimation of regenerating islet-derived 3-α in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients as a prognostic marker for acute lower gastrointestinal graft-vs-host disease
Authors: El Kourashy Shaza A. , Youssef Soha R. , Abdel-Samie Hanaa F. , Abdel-Bary Haitham M. , Radwan Rania , Ali Basma S.M.
Published: May 2022

Background

Regenerating islet-derived 3-α (REG3α) is an antimicrobial protein secreted by Paneth cells with protective effect on intestinal stem cells and prevents any gastrointestinal epithelial damage, as in GUT acute graft-vs-host disease (GVHD). As its plasma concentration correlates with GUT GVHD activity, it could be used as a biomarker for GUT GVHD.

Aim

The aim was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic role of REG3α in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients with acute lower gut GVHD.

Patients and methods

Serum level of REG3α was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 45 allogenic HSCT patients within one week after engraftment in comparison with 20 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls. It was reevaluated again in a second sample in patients who developed diarrhea owing to acute GUT GVHD or any other causes. Then a third sample of REG3α was measured after 1 week of GUT GVHD treatment. The patients were recruited from Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation Unit (BMT unit) at Ain shams university hospital over the period from 2017 to 2019.

Results

Serum level of REG3α after engraftment was significantly elevated (>75 ng/l) in patients who developed later acute lower GUT GVHD compared with other patient groups, with a sensitivity 100% and specificity 93.3%. REG3α was elevated greater than 120 ng/l at the onset of lower GUT GVHD symptoms compared with diarrhea owing to other causes, with a sensitivity 93.33% and specificity 93.33%. After one week of treatment, patients with high levels, that is, greater than 160 ng/l, did not respond to treatment, whereas patients with levels less than or equal to 160 ng/l achieved complete or partial response within 90 days of follow-up.

Conclusion

REG3α is a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for acute lower GUT GVHD and could be used for early prediction of patients with acute LGI GVHD after HSCT before clinical presentation.
Laboratory tests
Authors: Youssef Mariam K. , Samaan Sara F. , Taha Sara I.A.
Published: May 2022

Background

The lack of awareness of COVID-19 severity in the early stages of the disease has led to a dramatic increase in the number of patients worldwide. A cost-effective, easily acquired biomarker is needed to classify disease severity at early stages.

Objective

The objective of this paper is to explore the role of basic laboratory tests in the classification of COVID-19 patients into different severity groups.

Methods

Socio-demographic data, including age and gender together with laboratory investigations, including complete blood count, CRP, serum D-dimer, ferritin, LDH, and liver function tests were collected during the period from November 2020 to January 2021 from the medical records of 100 adult COVID-19 patients admitted at the Quarantine Hospitals of Ain-Shams University.

Results

The present study included 100 COVID-19 patients (51 females and 49 males) with a mean age of 57±15.74 years. They were 27 mild, 40 moderate, and 33 severe. The disease severity could not be linked to a specific gender; however, the severity increased with advanced age. CBC results showed no significant differences in total leucocytic counts, hemoglobin levels, or platelet counts; however, the absolute lymphocyte counts decreased significantly as the disease worsened. Also, in more severe disease, there was a highly significant increase in ferritin, D-dimer, LDH, and CRP levels with no significant differences in ferritin and LDH levels between moderate and severe groups. On the other hand, AST and ALT levels showed no significant differences between the three groups. Significant negative correlations were found between absolute lymphocyte count and ferritin, D-dimer, and CRP levels. By ROC curve, a cut-off point for absolute lymphocyte count of less than or equal to 1.5×103/cmm, D-dimer of greater than 0.78 mg/l, and CRP of greater than 56 mg/l were used to differentiate mild and moderate cases, and a cut-off point for absolute lymphocyte count of less than or equal to 1.06×03/cmm, D-dimer of greater than 1.58 mg/l, and CRP of greater than 78 mg/l were used to differentiate moderate and severe cases. Furthermore, the kappa statistic test found a moderate degree of agreement between the existing guideline for disease typing, and absolute lymphocyte count, D-dimer, and CRP levels.

Conclusion

This study suggested that incorporation of laboratory variables including absolute lymphocyte count, D-dimer, and CRP into the existing guideline for disease typing, may be of value for quick cost-effective identification of potentially critically ill patients at an early stage of the disease.
Calreticulin mutational analysis in patients with myelofibrosis
Authors: AlMoshary May , Al Mussaed Eman , Raza Ahmad A.
Published: May 2022

Objective

Our study aimed to determine the occurrence of CALR and JAK-2 mutation in patients with myelofibrosis.

Patients and methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Hematology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, and Princess Nourah Bint AbdulRehman University, Saudi Arabia. Blood samples and data were collected from patients in the Hematology Department of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan. Nonprobability convenience sampling technique was used. All patients of JAK-2 V617F-positive and JAK-2 V617F-negative primary or secondary myelofibrosis due to polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia were included. After taking blood and bone marrow sampling, DNA extraction was done manually, and these samples were analyzed for CALR mutations by Sanger sequencing technique. Data were recorded and analyzed in SPSS, version 20.

Results

Of 118 patients of myelofibrosis, we have found two types of genetic variations. One is single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 3’ UTR variant and the other is a novel indel frameshift mutation in the form of p.Leu 367 Thr Fx 63. Among these 118 patients, 14.40% patients had the indel frameshift mutation, whereas 46.61% patients had SNPs. The remaining patients did not harbor any significant changes.

Conclusion

Our study concluded that most patients had a SNP in the 3’ UTR variant and a novel frameshift mutation. Further large-scale studies should be organized to determine the co-occurrence of calreticulin mutations in the JAK-2-positive patients of myelofibrosis. The influence of this coexistence on the phenotype and clinical course of myelofibrosis should also be studied to better understand the diagnosis and prognosis of the patients with myelofibrosis.
Evaluation of simulation skills of healthcare workers at a tertiary care center: A perspective towards coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) third wave preparation
Authors: Bala Sudha , Yerra Aruna K. , Katkuri Sushma , Podila Karuna S. , Animalla Venkatesham
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:

Simulation-based training for healthcare providers was established as an efficacious training tool to sharpen the performance skills of nontechnical team as necessary for the prevention of errors and adverse events in the pandemic. To tackle this third wave, our institute started preparations with a faculty development course of simulation-based learning to evaluate participants’ knowledge and skills and their attitudes and feedback.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

As part of the simulation workshop, a module was developed to train the staff on recognizing and responding to acute coronavirus disease 2019 affecting adults and children. Case-based scenarios were provided in the application. Pretest and posttest questionnaires were administered to all trainees. The questionnaires included questions on knowledge, skills confidence and attitude marked on a 5-point Likert scale. Data were entered and analyzed using the Microsoft Excel 2018. Qualitative variables were expressed as percentages, whereas mean and standard deviations were computed for quantitative variables. Paired t-test was used to test the difference between pre and post test scores; P < 0.05 was taken as significant value.

RESULTS:

A total of 296 participants were included in the study. A statistically significant increase in knowledge and skills confidence scores was found from pre-test to post-test. The most significant improvement was found in the assessment of pediatric hemodynamic status and the management of fluid and electrolytes. The most interesting benefit to the participants was the acquisition of knowledge about the proper use of technology after the faculty development course.

CONCLUSIONS:

Such workshops play a crucial role in training healthcare workers, especially as preparation for the pandemic. Most participants suggested that there should be such workshops at regular intervals to enhance their skills confidence in handling emergency situations in the clinical settings.
Influence of sociocultural factors on the risk of eating disorders among King Abdulaziz University students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aldakhil Lina O. , Abaalkhail Bahaa A. , Abu Ibrahim I.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

In Saudi Arabia, there is not much research on the risk of eating disorders and the influence of sociocultural factors on increasing the risk among university students. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of the risk of eating disorder (EDs) in King Abdulaziz University students, the influence of sociocultural factors, and any differences between males and females.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 763 university students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The data were collected in 3 months from February 2021 to April 2021. A self-administered Eating Attitude Test-26 scale was used to assess the risk of eating disorder among the students. The sociocultural attitude toward appearance questionnaire was used to measure the internalization of thinness, masculinity, and family, peer, and media attitude toward appearance. To test for statistical significance, t-test was used for continuous variables, whereas Ch-square test was performed for categorical variables. Logistic regression analysis were performed to determine factors associated with ED risk; all tests were performed at 0.05 significance level.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of the risk of eating disorder among the students was observed as 34%. The sociocultural attitude toward appearance was significantly higher among at risk of eating disorder students. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that females are twice more likely to be at risk for eating disorder than males (2.25) with 95% confidence interval (1.50,3.39). Peer influence was significantly higher among males than females; however, females were significantly more influenced by the media than males.

CONCLUSION:

The prevalence of eating disorder risk in Saudi university students in Jeddah was observed as alarming and highly influenced by sociocultural factors; therefore, screening university students for eating disorder is very necessary. In addition, there should be media and health promotion campaigns on eating disorder and body image issues.
Prevalence of hypothyroidism in Kannur; a coastal district in Kerala
Authors: Devaraj T. V. , Salina S.
Published: May 2022

Background:

Hypothyroidism is an emerging health issue in India and worldwide. However, detail data related to the magnitude of the problem is lacking currently.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional, multicentric study was conducted at four villages in Kannur district of Kerala, to study the prevalence of hypothyroidism among the adult population. Thyroid abnormalities were diagnosed based on laboratory results (free thyroxin [FT4] and thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]). Participants with history of hypothyroidism and receiving levothyroxine therapy or those with serum FT4 ≤ 0.78 ng/dL and/or TSH ≥ 4.68 μIU/mL were categorized as hypothyroid. The prevalence of self-reported and undetected hypothyroidism was assessed.

Results:

A total of 1084 adult male or nonpregnant female participants ≥ 18 years of age were enrolled, of which 508 were evaluated. The overall prevalence of hypothyroidism was 9.6%. 2.1% were already on levothyroxine therapy and is self-reported, whereas 7.48% were previously undetected. Higher proportion of female versus male (8.07 vs. 7.87) was diagnosed with hypothyroidism.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of hypothyroidism was high, affecting approximately 9.6% of adult in the study population. Female gender (odds ratio = 1.791) were found to have significant association with hypothyroidism.
Limiting Betti distributions of Hilbert schemes on n points
Authors: Griffin Michael , Ono Ken , Rolen Larry , Tsai Wei-Lun
Published: May 2022

Hausel and Rodriguez-Villegas (2015, Astérisque 370, 113–156) recently observed that work of Göttsche, combined with a classical result of Erdös and Lehner on integer partitions, implies that the limiting Betti distribution for the Hilbert schemes
$(\mathbb {C}^{2})^{[n]}$
on
$n$
points, as
$n\rightarrow +\infty ,$
is a Gumbel distribution. In view of this example, they ask for further such Betti distributions. We answer this question for the quasihomogeneous Hilbert schemes
$((\mathbb {C}^{2})^{[n]})^{T_{\alpha ,\beta }}$
that are cut out by torus actions. We prove that their limiting distributions are also of Gumbel type. To obtain this result, we combine work of Buryak, Feigin, and Nakajima on these Hilbert schemes with our generalization of the result of Erdös and Lehner, which gives the distribution of the number of parts in partitions that are multiples of a fixed integer
$A\geq 2.$
Furthermore, if
$p_{k}(A;n)$
denotes the number of partitions of
$n$
with exactly
$k$
parts that are multiples of
$A$
, then we obtain the asymptotic
$$ \begin{align*} p_{k}(A,n)\sim \frac{24^{\frac k2-\frac14}(n-Ak)^{\frac k2-\frac34}}{\sqrt2\left(1-\frac1A\right)^{\frac k2-\frac14}k!A^{k+\frac12}(2\pi)^{k}}e^{2\pi\sqrt{\frac1{6}\left(1-\frac1A\right)(n-Ak)}}, \end{align*} $$
a result which is of independent interest.
Care at Home for People Living with Dementia
Authors: Ceci Christine , Purkis Mary Ellen
Published: May 2022

With dementia care shifting from institutional to home settings, this book considers the intersections of formal health and social care strategies and family experiences. Drawing on case studies from Canada, it enhances the understanding of good policy and practice in dementia care and the potential for better outcomes for all those concerned.
Reimagining Academic Activism
Authors: Weatherall Ruth
Published: May 2022

Based on deep ethnographic research, this book explores new practices and ideas about activism in the fight against social inequality. The book is both about feminist activists and is an act of feminist activism, with the author's experiences as a volunteer ethnographer in New Zealand sitting at its heart.
Creative Universities
Authors: Schwittay Anke
Published: May 2022

In this wide-ranging book, Anke Schwittay argues that, in order to inspire and equip students to generate better responses to global challenges, we need a new high education pedagogy that develops their imagination, creativity, emotional sensibilities and practical capabilities.
Crowdfunding and the Democratization of Finance
Authors: Davis Mark , Davis Bruce
Published: May 2022

A unique collaboration between an academic and a practitioner, this book tells the story of money, from ancient Athens to the Bitcoin revolution, to explain how crowdfunding is the way for people to reclaim the power of their money in pursuit of a fairer and greener society.
The biological additives as cey factor on soil moisture dynamics in the context of climate change
Authors: Grybauskienė Vilda , Vyčienė Gitana
Published: May 2022

In recent years, climate change trends specific to the world's regions have been observed in Lithuania. Droughts and torrential rains are increasingly being recorded, causing long-term waterlogging. As Lithuania is an agrarian country, the horticulture sector is developed. Abundant growers of potatoes, cabbage and other vegetables are counted in years. It is estimated that the consumption of potatoes in Lithuania is more than 96 kg per capita per year. However, potatoes, which are grown by the majority of crop farms, suffer most from frequent natural droughts. To lower droughts influence, farmers can install irrigation systems or use biological additives in the field, such as agroperlite and agrovermiculite. The experiment was conducted at the two experimental farms in Lithuania, growing ‘Vineta’ potatoes. The aim of the study was to determine the dynamics of soil moisture in May-August, when different amounts (effects of different percentages) of biological additives are added to the soil. In 2020, the amount of precipitation varied during the research period. During the whole period in Pupasodis fields precipitation was 234 mm.  During observed period, 77% of all decades were drier than perennials (DNs). In Šilavotas fields, it was found that 351.5 mm of precipitation fell during the observed period, which is 164.3 mm more than in the Pupasodis area. The distance between experiment plots was more than 70 km. The study results show that soil temperature correlates with exponential dependence with precipitation. The correlation coefficient r = 0.69, and when assessing the relationship between soil temperature and ambient temperature, a linear dependence and R = 0.5649 were found.
Modeling of In Vitro Gas Production
Authors: ŞAHİN Mustafa , BAYAZIT Merve , TOLUN Tolga
Published: May 2022

In this study, in vitro gas production values (hour/ml) of standard, alfalfa and corn plants at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 hours in Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Animal Science Department Feeds and Animal Nutrition Laboratory. ) used cubic piecewise regression, Richard, Logistics, Gamma, Gompertz, Orscov, Sigmoaidal and Quadratic Piecewise Regression models were used. In the modeling study, mean squares of error, determination coefficient, Akaike information criterion and Durbin-Watson autocorrelation values were taken into account for each model of in vitro gas production values. As a result of the study, it was concluded that Logistic and Gompertz models had the best results in corn and alfalfa, standard, while the Gamma model had the worst results in all feeds in terms of the comparison criteria, mean squares of error, coefficient of determination, Akaike information criterion and Durbin-Watson Autocorrelation values.
Response of Bread Wheat Cultivar to Different Sowing Densities for Yield and Yield Traits
Authors: GÜNGÖR Hüseyin , ÇAKIR Mehmet Fatih , DUMLUPINAR Ziya
Published: May 2022

This study was conducted at Edirne, Tekirdağ and Kırklareli locations in 2017-2018 growing season. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In the study, it was aimed to determine the effects of five different sowing densities (200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 seed m-2) on grain yield and yield components of bread wheat cultivar Aslı. In the experiment, the effect of sowing density and location on grain yield and yield components was found significant. In addition, sowing density × location interaction was found to be statistically significant in terms of grain yield. Grain yield was found among 693.2-849.7 kg da-1, while spike length was ranged from 8.3 to 9.5 cm. However, number of spikelets per spike was in the range of 17.4-19.7, while number of grains per spike was 35.2 to 44.1 and grain weight per spike was 1.43 to 1.75 g. Among the locations, the highest grain yield was determined at Edirne location. In terms of grain yield, the most appropriate sowing density was determined as 400 seed m-2 rate.
Doğa-Kültür Sürekliliği ve Ekolojik İnsan Bilimleri
Authors: ÇELİK Ezgi Ece
Published: May 2022

İnsana ve dünyaya dair bildik çerçevelerin sarsıldığı kriz dönemleri daha önce yaşanmış olsa da çağımızda farklı olan, teknolojik ürünlerin canlılığın yerine ikame edilmeye çalışıldığı bir değişim sürecinin eşiğinde oluşumuz. Bu durumun yol açtığı toplumsal ve ekolojik kriz halleri, insanı tekrar canlılık ağında bir canlı olarak yorumlamanın gerekliliğini gösteriyor. Antroposen “insan çağı”nda insanın yol açtığı yıkımı vurgularken, insanı başka türlü kurmaya kapı aralıyor. Bu doğrultuda, maddeyi ve tini, doğayı ve kültürü karşıtlar olarak değil birbirine katılan ve birbirini dönüştüren unsurlar olarak yorumlayan Braidotti, Haraway, Plumwood, Latour, Whitehead gibi düşünürlerin yaklaşımlarına değinerek, yeni-materyalizm güzergahıyla kesişen bir Ekolojik İnsan Bilimlerini tartışmaya açmak bu çalışmanın ana hattını oluşturmaktadır.