bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Prognostic Nomogram for Patients with Stage II/III Rectal Cancer Undergoing Surgical Resection after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Lin Yanfei
Published: March 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to create a nomogram incorporated on log odds of positive nodes (LODDS) for predicting the overall survival (OS) of patients with stage II/III rectal cancer who underwent surgical resection after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT).Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to collect information on patients diagnosed with stage II/III rectal cancer who underwent surgical resection after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy between 2010 and 2015. The Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the independent prognostic factors. In this study, LODDS was employed instead of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7th N stage to determine lymph node status. Then a nomogram integrating independent prognostic factors was created to predict the 24-, 36-, and 60-month overall survival of patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were used to evaluate the nomogram. Furthermore，patients were stratified into three risk groups(high-, middle-, and low-risk) based on the total points obtained from the nomogram using X-tile software. And Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted to compare OS of the three groups.Results: A total of 3,829 patients were included in the study. Race, sex, age, marital status, T stage, tumor grade, tumor size, LODDS, CEA level, and postoperative chemotherapy were identified as independent prognostic factors. Then the prognostic nomogram was created and evaluated. The ROC curves and calibration curves showed good performance of the prognostic nomogram. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the three risk groups had significant differences in overall survival.Conclusion: The LODDS-incorporated prognostic nomogram was created and showed satisfactorily discriminative and stable ability to predict the OS of patients with stage II/III rectal cancer undergoing surgical resection after NCRT. It is convenient to access the risk factors included in this nomogram in clinical practice. The nomogram is expected to be a useful tool in developing individualized treatment strategies and follow-up protocols.
Short term inhibition of immune checkpoint proteins increases ex vivo expansion of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in high grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Waddell Caitlin A , Price Marcus J. , Cheadle Eleanor J. , Owens Gemma L. , Edmondson Richard J.
Published: March 2022

Background: Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynaecological malignancy and there is an urgent need for the development of further therapies to improve patient survival. Tumour infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy has shown clear efficacy in immunogenic cancers, and TIL can be readily expanded ex vivo from samples of high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Antibodies against checkpoint proteins are effective in increasing TIL yield and functional response from ovarian cancer TIL cultures, potentially increasing TIL product efficacy. However, it is unknown whether blockade of other key checkpoints, including programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1), T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3) and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) increase TIL yield in ex vivo cultures from HGSOC samples.Materials and Methods: TIL cultures were generated from fresh tissue samples and were incubated with CD3/CD28 Dynabeads® and IL-2. TIL were grown with or without the addition of 10µg/mL αPD-1, αTIM-3 or αLAG-3 antibodies as either single or repeated applications for 19 days. The phenotype of cultures was analysed by multiparameter flow cytometry. Interferon gamma (IFN-ᵧ) release in response to TIL co-culture with autologous tumour cultures or digests was measured by ELISA. Results: In keeping with previous findings the majority of TIL expressed at least one checkpoint protein. Specifically, TIL expressing PD-1 and TIM-3 retained a functional phenotype with co expression of OX40 and CD28. Expansion of TIL was increased following a single exposure to αPD-1 (1.20 fold) and αLAG-3 (1.31 fold) which was most marked in cultures with otherwise low proliferation. There was no additional increase in proliferation following repeated dosing. In co-culture with autologous tumour, TIL grown in the presence of checkpoint inhibitors showed increased IFN-ᵧ release suggesting increased functional activity in individual cultures. However, this response was not uniform across all cultures. Conclusions: These data suggests that initial blockade of checkpoint proteins is effective in increasing the yield of TIL expanded from HGSOC tumours, suggesting that checkpoint inhibition during TIL manufacture may be a useful method of increasing expansion efficiency.
Second Booster Vaccine and Covid-19 Mortality in Adults 60 to 100 Years Old
Authors: Arbel Ronen , Sergienko Ruslan , Friger Michael , Peretz Alon , Beckenstein Tanya , Yaron Shlomit , Netzer Doron , Hammerman Ariel
Published: March 2022

The rapid emergence of the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 led to a global resurgence of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Israeli authorities approved a 4th Covid-19 vaccine dose (second-booster) for individuals aged 60 and above who received a first booster dose four or more months earlier. Evidence regarding the effectiveness of a second-booster dose in reducing mortality due to Covid-19 is warranted. This retrospective cohort study included all members of Clalit Health Services, aged 60 to 100, eligible for the second-booster. Mortality due to Covid-19 among participants who received the second-booster was compared with participants who received one booster dose. A Cox proportional-hazards regression model with time-dependent covariates was used to estimate the association between the second-booster and death due to Covid-19 while adjusting for demographic factors and coexisting illnesses. A total of 563,465 participants met the eligibility criteria. Of those, 328,597 (58%) received a second-booster dose during the 40-day study period. Death due to Covid-19 occurred in 92 second-booster recipients and in 232 participants who received one booster dose (adjusted hazard ratio 0.22; 95% confidence interval 0.17 to 0.28). This study demonstrates a substantial reduction in Covid-19 mortality by the second-booster in eligible subjects.
Modified Technique for Corneal Laceration Repair Using Amniotic Membrane.
Authors: Elkadim Mohamed , Elgohary Asmaa M , Alhelaly Mai Brakat , Sharaf Amr F.
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To describe technique and evaluate outcomes of using amniotic membrane onlay strip for repair of corneal lacerations.Methods: Retrospective case series included eight eyes with traumatic corneal lacerations. A strip of amniotic membrane was applied to the corneal surface to cover the wound. Wound was then sutured with nylon 10/0 sutures involving the membrane. Sutures were well-spaced and suturing was avoided in the visual axis. Average keratometric reading (average K), keratometric astigmatism (KA), manifest refractive astigmatism (RA) in diopters (D) and spectacle or soft contact lens best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were assessed 2 months after suture removal. Results: Transient postoperative hypotony was encountered in five cases (62.5%). Average K was 44.61 ± 2.81 D (mean± SD). KA was 2.20±0.71 D (mean± SD). RA was 1.78 ± 0.73 D (mean± SD) and ranged from 1 to 3 D. Log MAR BCVA was 0.39±0.18 (mean± SD) ranged from 0.22 to 0.70.Conclusions: The application of amniotic membrane onlay strip during repair of corneal lacerations was associated with good visual outcome possibly due to reduction of wound and suture related corneal astigmatism.
The Outcomes of Vitrified Oocytes Accumulation for Managing Diminished Ovarian Reserve: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Kuan-Sheng , Lin Ming-Huei , Hwu Yuh-Ming , Yang Jia-Hwa , Lee Robert Kuo-Kuang
Published: March 2022

Background: Vitrified M-II oocytes accumulation strategy for later simultaneous insemination has been used for managing POR. Our study aimed to determine whether simulation insemination of vitrified oocytes accumulation strategy improves live birth rate (LBR) for managing diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).Methods: Retrospective study included 440 women with DOR fulfilling Poseidon classification groups 3 and 4, defined as presence of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) hormone level <1.2 ng/ml or antral follicle count (AFC) <5, from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019 in a single department. Patients underwent accumulation of vitrified oocytes (DOR-Accu) and embryo transfer (ET) or controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) using fresh oocytes (DOR-fresh) and ET. Primary outcomes were LBR per ET and cumulative LBR (CLBR) per intention to treat (ITT). Secondary outcomes were clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and miscarriage rate (MR).Results: 211 patients underwent simultaneous insemination of vitrified oocytes accumulation and ET in DOR-Accu group (maternal age: 39.29 ± 4.23 y, AMH: 0.54 ± 0.35 ng/ml), and 229 patients underwent COS and ET in DOR-fresh group (maternal age: 38.07 ± 3.77 y, AMH: 0.72 ± 0.32 ng/ml). CPR in DOR-Accu group were similar in DOR-fresh group (27.5% vs. 31.0%, p = 0.418). MR was statistically higher (41.4% vs. 14.1%, p = 0.001) while LBR per ET was statistically lower (15.2% vs. 26.2%, p < 0.001) in DOR-Accu group. There is no difference in CLBR per ITT between groups (20.4% vs. 27.5%, p = 0.081). Clinical outcomes were categorized in four groups with regard to patient’s age in secondary analysis. CPR, LBR per ET, and CLBR did not improved in DOR-Accu group. In group of 31 patients, accumulated vitrified metaphase II (M-II) oocytes reach total number ≥15, CPR improved among DOR-Accu group (48.4% vs. 31.0%, p = 0.054); however, higher MR (40.0% vs. 14.1%, p = 0.03) resulted similar LBR per ET (29.0% vs. 26.2%, p = 0.738).Conclusions: Vitrified oocytes accumulation for managing DOR did not improve LBR. Higher MR resulted in lower LBR. Vitrified oocytes accumulation strategy for managing DOR is not clinically practical.Trial registration: The study protocol was retrospectively registered and was approved by Institutional Review Board of Mackay Memorial Hospital (21MMHIS219e) on August 26, 2021
Evaluation of numerical method combinations for transport-dominated problems in the chemistry transport model (CHIMERE): Ozone prediction and Computing optimization study
Authors: Ajdour Amine , Leghrib Radouane , Chaoufi Jamal , Chirmata Ahmed
Published: March 2022

Ozone concentration generally affects a health system, including human health, and an ecosystem, including plant properties and soil processes. Based on high-performance computing, this study used the transport chemistry model CHIMERE to model ozone pollution in the city of Agadir. The aim is to investigate the integrating horizontal and vertical transport effect on ozone concentration and computation time. The findings are validated experimentally by measurements and also compared with other studies. The results highlighted four main points: First, the CHIMERE ozone modeling remains acceptable with a correlation coefficient of 70%. Second, the combination Adv00 based on the Upwind method gives good results in terms of ozone concentration with a significant implementation time, equivalent to 80 minutes for 360 hours of prediction, which means an optimization in computational performance. Third, it is required to optimize all possible parts of the modeling process to reduce costs and time. Fourth, detailed local emission information is recommended to get a clearer picture of the correction of the CHIMERE output. The present work can serve as guidance for the CHIMERE settings in the case of limited computational infrastructure for long-term studies and studies using a high spatial resolution to predict polluted air.
Double-nosed Low-Level Jet in Complex Terrain: a model from Inertial Oscillations
Authors: Barbano Francesco , Leo Laura Sandra , Brogno Luigi , Sabatino Silvana Di
Published: March 2022

In this paper, an analytical model based on inertial oscillations (Van15 De Wiel et al, 2010) is used to replicate the evolution on a LLJ in complex terrain and then modified to diagnose the occurrence of a double-nosed LLJ driven by surface wave activity. Using an already-analysed case study from the Mountain Terrain Atmospheric Modeling and Observations (MATERHORN) dataset, we test the performance of the model in capturing (i) the role of the inertial oscillations in the evolution of a nocturnal LLJ in a wide and gentle-sloping valley, and (ii) the shape modification of the wind profile at the occurrence of the double-nosed LLJ. The modifications applied to the model are framed on the wave-driven mechanism theorized by Brogno et al (2021), without losing the simplicity of the original model framework. A unified model integrating the original with the modified versions is proposed, revealing accurate in replicating the nocturnal LLJ and appropriate to approximate the double-nosed shape of the LLJ. Further observational studies will be needed to corroborate the unified model and explore its application potential in different wind and energy sectors.
Well-posedness and global attractor of Kirchhoff equation with memory term and thermal effect
Authors: LV Penghui , LIN Guoguang , LV Xiaojun
Published: March 2022

The Kirchhoff equation with thermal effect and memory term is studied. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of the equation are obtained by using the Faedo-Galerkin method. Secondly, the existence of global attractor is obtained by proving the existence of bounded absorption set and the asymptotic smoothness of semigroup. For the first time, this paper comprehensively considers the long-term dynamic behavior of the Kirchhoff model under the simultaneous action of variable coefficients, memory and thermal effects, and promotes the relevant conclusions of the Kirchhoff model. The conclusion of this paper provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent research.
Perceived Risk and Severity of the Uptake of Safe Male Circumcision Services among Young Men Aged 15-24 Years in Rhino Camp Refugees Settlement, Arua District- Uganda
Authors: David Blate M. , Bandaru Juliet M. , Namajja Khawa E. , Kajoba David , Atuhaire Shallon
Published: March 2022

Background: Safe male circumcision is a proven cost-effective intervention in reducing the risk of sexual transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome among heterosexual individuals by 60%. This study aimed at exploring the perceived risk and severity to the uptake of safe male circumcision among young men aged 15-24 years in Rhino Camp Refugees Settlement, Arua District, Uganda.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among 378 respondents, which utilized both quantitative and qualitative approaches with a semi-structured and three focus group discussions conducted among young men aged 15-24 years. Univariate analysis was used to determine the uptake of safe male circumcision. Chi-square test and binary regression model were used to determine the odds ratio at 95% confidence levels of safe male circumcision uptake and other exposure variables. Results from the focus group discussions were analysed thematically.Results: The prevalence of safe male circumcision uptake was 42.1%. The major factor associated with increased likelihood of safe male circumcision uptake was the perceived benefit of cervical cancer prevention in my partner (AOR=2.455, 95% CI= 1.278- 3.627). Factors associated with reduced likelihood of safe male circumcision uptake included: fear of perceived increased risk of meatitis (AOR=0.726, 95% CI=0.338- .959), fear that undergoing safe male circumcision is very painful and uncomfortable (AOR= 0.742, 95%, CI= 0.279- 1.973). Also, the perception that safe male circumcision is not affordable at most private health facilities (AOR=0.167, 95%, CI=0.058- 0.478). Conclusions: Safe male circumcision uptake in Rhino Refugees Settlement is lower than Uganda’s national target of 80%. This is attributed to the perceived risks such as risk of infection, pain, irritability, and costs involved. Awareness creation on myths and misconceptions is key to increasing uptake of safe male circumcision.
Modern Marketing Strategies for Development of the Company's Green Competitiveness
Authors: Chygryn Olena Y. , Olefirenko Oleg M. , Herasymenko Maryna Y. , Shevchenko Kateryna V.
Published: March 2022

The globalization of economic development, the expansion of digitalization processes, the transformation of marketing channels for the promotion of goods and services, as well as the peculiarities of enterprises is gaining new relevance. From this perspective, digital omnichannel strategies can potentially drive the growth of traditional economic performance and ensure the competitiveness of businesses. The article considers the theoretical basis for the implementation of omnichannel strategies for the development of the green competitiveness of enterprises. The authors summarized the existing scientific and applied experience in the implementation of omnichannel strategies. With the help of the Google Trends toolkit, a trend analysis was conducted, which outlined the scientific interest and interest of the business community. The results of trend analysis showed a gradual increase in interest in the search for and implementation of optimal ways of communication in marketing for the development of green competitiveness. In terms of interest, the leading countries are Germany, France, Canada and the United States. In addition to the existing ones, the following criteria are proposed, which reflect the degree of unification of marketing communication channels for the formation of green competitiveness of enterprises: differentiation of communication channels; absence of stakeholders losses when changing the communication channel; taking into account the experience of stakeholders in each iteration of communication with him; convergence of traditional and digital channels of development of green competitiveness of enterprises; use of brand identity in communication with stakeholders; personalization of stakeholders. The obtained results of the analysis and their graphical interpretation are relevant and form the basis for a better understanding of the problems of the omnichannel approach and search for promising ways to implement it in the formation of green competitiveness of enterprises.
Flowing bosonization in the nonperturbative functional renormalization-group approach
Authors: Daviet Romain , Dupuis Nicolas
Published: March 2022

Bosonization allows one to describe the low-energy physics of
one-dimensional quantum fluids within a bosonic effective field theory
formulated in terms of two fields: the ``density’’ field
\varphiφ
and its conjugate partner, the phase \varthetaϑ
of the superfluid order parameter. We discuss the implementation of the
nonperturbative functional renormalization group in this formalism,
considering a Luttinger liquid in a periodic potential as an example. We
show that in order for \varthetaϑ
and \varphiφ
to remain conjugate variables at all energy scales, one must dynamically
redefine the field \varthetaϑ
along the renormalization-group flow. We derive explicit flow equations
using a derivative expansion of the scale-dependent effective action to
second order and show that they reproduce the flow equations of the
sine-Gordon model (obtained by integrating out the field
\varthetaϑ
from the outset) derived within the same approximation. Only with the
scale-dependent (flowing) reparametrization of the phase field
\varthetaϑ
do we obtain the standard phenomenology of the Luttinger liquid (when
the periodic potential is sufficiently weak so as to avoid the
Mott-insulating phase) characterized by two low-energy parameters, the
velocity of the sound mode and the renormalized Luttinger parameter.
LA GARANTÍA DE LA TUTELA JUDICIAL A LA LUZ RECLAMO DE ILEGALIDAD MUNICIPAL DE LA LEY 18.695
Authors:   Universidad San Sebastián, Facultad de Derecho, Concepción, Chile, Aros Rojas Pablo Fabián
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo expondrá sobre la Tutela Judicial, en relación con el acceso el a la justicia y debido proceso, como premisa esencial, proponiendo un estructura conceptual; luego se revisará si los elementos del concepto propuesto se satisfacen en el reclamo de ilegalidad municipal de la Ley 18.695. Finalmente, unas conclusiones hacia el futuro cierran la presentación.
Comunidade Quilombola Beco do Caminho Curto (Joinville/SC): os desafios do empoderamento étnico
Authors: Sirlei de Souza  , Tales Vicenzi  , Jonathan Prateat  , Salete dos Santos da Silva
Published: March 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo problematizar questões que envolvem os processos de racismo estrutural e o empoderamento étnico dos moradores da Comunidade Quilombola Beco do Caminho Curto, localizada em Joinville, Santa Catarina (SC). As reflexões apresentadas são fruto de um projeto integrado de ensino, pesquisa e extensão desenvolvido no decorrer dos últimos anos, com a participação de professores e acadêmicos de uma universidade comunitária. As narrativas aqui analisadas são oriundas de pesquisa de campo, em que foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com participantes da referida comunidade. O foco de análise é a compreensão de aspectos que compõem o processo de constituição social da comunidade. Questões relacionadas ao preconceito sofrido ao longo da história, às tensões vividas no processo de reconhecimento como comunidade quilombola e à precarização das condições de vida por causa da ausência de serviços básicos como saneamento, saúde e educação são apontadas como fatores essenciais que permeiam a experiência, ora da negação do racismo, ora de enfrentamento dele, nessa comunidade recém-certificada como comunidade quilombola.
Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Dentists During COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Al-Rawi Natheer H. , Uthman Asmaa T. , Saeed Musab , Abdulkareem Ali A. , Al Bayati Sura , Al Nuaimi Ahmed
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among dentists during covid-19 lockdown and to investigate the relationship between stress and each mental health state.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey on 269 dentists was conducted using DASS-21 and PHQ-9 questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate models were constructed and the odds ratio (OR) was calculated to assess the strength of the association between an independent categorical variable and the outcome.

Results and Discussion:

Being unsatisfied with the job was associated with a statistically significant increase in DASS-21 score by an average of 5.9 points after adjusting for the possible confounding effect of the other independent variables included in the model. For each extra 10 years of clinical experience, there is a statistically significant reduction in DASS-21 score by an average of 1.3 points compared after adjusting for the possible confounding effect of the other independent variables included in the model.

Conclusion:

Stress, depression, and anxiety were prevalent during the pandemic among dentists. These psychological domains were modulated by several factors including marital status, gender, years of clinical experience, and degree of job satisfaction.
A Three – Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Polyetheretherketone PEEK in Dental Implant Prosthesis: A Novel Implant System
Authors: Al-Mortadi Noor , Bataineh Khaled , Albakri Isra
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

This current numerical investigation aim to evaluate the benefits of substituting Titanium with CRF- PEEK for better stress distribution in implant- bone interface.

Methods:

3D models of a dental implant for the first mandibular molar were constructed using the computed tomography (CT) scan. Four distinct models using a combination of titanium, carbon reinforced polyetheretherketone (CRF- PEEK), and zirconia for implant /abutment materials were studied. A three- dimensional finite element simulation was used to evaluate the stress distribution at the implant – bone interface under a compressive axial load of magnitude 120 N. A spherical indenter was used to simulate occlusal load.

Results:

Mesh independent study was converged for a very large number of elements. Finite element analysis showed: 1) there was no significant difference in the distribution pattern of stress at the implant – bone interface in the different material models studied, 2) the stress values for all prosthetic implant parts were well below the yield strength, 3) a larger deformation of PEEK implant versus titanium.

Conclusion:

The substitution of titanium with PEEK for the implant does not provide any better stress distribution and may lead to problems from the deformation of the implant.
A Digital Health Program Targeting Physical Activity Among Adolescents With Overweight or Obesity: Open Trial
Authors: Cummings Caroline , Crochiere Rebecca , Lansing Amy Hughes , Patel Riya , Stanger Catherine
Published: March 2022

Background

Prior studies suggest that mobile health physical activity programs that provide only weekly or daily text-based health coaching evidence limit the efficacy in improving physical activity in adolescents with overweight or obesity. It is possible that incentives, combined with health coaching and daily feedback on goal success, may increase program efficacy; however, such programs have not yet been tested with adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Objective

This study aims to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a 12-week, incentive-based, mobile health physical activity program with text-based health coaching, goal setting, and self-monitoring for adolescents with overweight or obesity. Program adherence and changes in tracked physical activity (ie, steps and active minutes while wearing a Fitbit [Google LLC]), body mass, and body fat are assessed.

Methods

A total of 28 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years with a BMI ≥90th percentile participated in the program. Of the 28 participants, 2 (7%) were lost to follow-up; thus, data from 26 (93%) participants were used in analyses.

Results

Participant-reported acceptability was high, with all mean ratings of text-based coaching, Fitbit use, and the overall program being >5 on a 7-point scale. In addition, 85% (23/26) of participants reported that they would like to continue to wear the Fitbit. Program adherence was also high, as participants wore the Fitbit on 91.1% (SD 12.6%) of days on average and met their weekly goals for an average of 7 (SD 3.5) of 11 possible weeks. There were no demographic (ie, sex, age, and baseline body mass) differences in the percentage of days participants wore their Fitbit. Across the 12-week study, there were significant improvements in tracked daily active minutes (P=.006) and steps (P<.001) and significant pre- to posttest improvements in body fat percentage (P=.04).

Conclusions

The pilot program improved adolescent physical activity and physical health. A larger factorial design trial with adaptive daily goals may clarify the role of each program component in driving physical activity.
The Factors Associated With Nonuse of Social Media or Video Communications to Connect With Friends and Family During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Older Adults: Web-Based Survey Study
Authors: Savage Rachel D , Di Nicolo Sophia , Wu Wei , Li Joyce , Lawson Andrea , Grieve Jim , Goel Vivek , Rochon Paula A
Published: March 2022

Background

Digital technologies have enabled social connection during prolonged periods of physical distancing and travel restrictions throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. These solutions may exclude older adults, who are at higher risk for social isolation, loneliness, and severe outcomes if infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Objective

This study investigated factors associated with nonuse of social media or video communications to connect with friends and family among older adults during the pandemic’s first wave.

Methods

A web-based, cross-sectional survey was administered to members of a national retired educators’ organization based in Ontario, Canada, between May 6 and 19, 2020. Respondents (N=4879) were asked about their use of social networking websites or apps to communicate with friends and family, their internet connection and smartphone access, loneliness, and sociodemographic characteristics. Factors associated with nonuse were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. A thematic analysis was performed on open-ended survey responses that described experiences with technology and virtual connection.

Results

Overall, 15.4% (751/4868) of respondents did not use social networking websites or apps. After adjustment, male gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.60, 95% CI 1.33-1.92), advanced age (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.38-2.55), living alone (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.39-2.02), poorer health (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.04-1.71), and lower social support (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.20-1.71) increased the odds of nonuse. The reliability of internet connection and access to a smartphone also predicted nonuse. Many respondents viewed these technologies as beneficial, especially for maintaining pre–COVID-19 social contacts and routines, despite preferences for in-person connection.

Conclusions

Several factors including advanced age, living alone, and low social support increased the odds of nonuse of social media in older adults to communicate with friends and family during COVID-19’s first wave. Our findings identified socially vulnerable subgroups who may benefit from intervention (eg, improved access, digital literacy, and telephone outreach) to improve social connection.
Smartphone Apps for Vaping Cessation: Quality Assessment and Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Sanchez Sherald , Kundu Anasua , Limanto Elizabeth , Selby Peter , Baskerville Neill Bruce , Chaiton Michael
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

As the prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, or vaping, continues to grow, particularly among young people, so does the need for research and interventions to address vaping.

OBJECTIVE

This study examines the quality of free vaping cessation apps, their contents and features, popularity among users, and adherence to evidence-based principles.

METHODS

A systematic search of existing apps for vaping cessation was conducted in December 2020. Eligible apps were free, in English, and included features specifically targeting vaping cessation. Each app included in the analysis was used daily for at least seven consecutive days, assessed using the Mobile App Rating Scale, and rated by at least two authors (AK, EL, or SS) based on adherence to evidence-based practices. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) estimates were computed to assess interrater reliability (excellent agreement; ICC 0.92; 95% CI 0.78-0.98).

RESULTS

A total of 8 apps were included in the quality assessment and content analysis: 3 were developed specifically for vaping cessation and 5 focused on smoking cessation while also claiming to address vaping cessation. The mean of app quality total scores was 3.66 out of 5. Existing vaping cessation apps employ similar approaches to smoking cessation apps. However, they are very low in number and have limited features developed specifically for vaping cessation.

CONCLUSIONS

Given the lack of vaping cessation interventions at a time when they are urgently needed, smartphone apps are potentially valuable tools. Therefore, it is recommended that these apps apply evidence-based practices and undergo rigorous evaluations that can assess their quality, contents and features, and popularity among users. Through this process, we can improve our understanding of how apps can be effective in helping users quit vaping.
Food Delivery Drivers’ Health Literacy Regarding COVID-19 Prevention and Protective Behaviors during the Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Survey in Southern Thailand (Preprint)
Authors: Jandee Kasemsak , Thanapop Chamnong
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

In 2019, coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) spread worldwide, causing a pandemic that has posed unprecedented challenges and pressure on health systems and economies. Food delivery services have become an important medium for consumer food purchases to limit human-to-human contact. Thus, delivery drivers are at high risk of exposure to COVID-19 infection at work. To the authors’ knowledge, no studies have analyzed the dimensions of health literacy (HL) regarding COVID-19 prevention in this population.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the HL status of COVID-19 prevention and its associated factors among food delivery drivers in southern Thailand.

METHODS

Following an online cross-sectional survey from July to August 2021, Thai food delivery drivers in the upper-south and lower-south regions of southern Thailand were recruited to participate during the compulsory COVID-19 lockdown. An online structured questionnaire was administered verbally and recorded by the interviewer. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were used to explore independently associated factors.

RESULTS

Of 401 drivers, 291 (72.6%) were men. The median age was 31 years (range: 19–64 years). The median number of months working as a driver was 12 months, and the median number of working hours was nine hours per day. The median number of daily food orders was 20, while the median daily income was 600 Thai baht. Social media (Facebook and Line) was a common source of health information. The most common information required was about the COVID-19 vaccine, medications, and treatment. Most drivers (285/401, 71.1%) had excellent HL levels regarding COVID-19 prevention. Only the practical application of information was statistically correlated with behavior. Drivers in the lower-south of Thailand were more likely to have excellent HL than other drivers. Those who accessed information through YouTube and relatives were less likely to have excellent HL levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Understanding HL among food delivery drivers would be useful for planning effective interventions that target this population. Conventional health education through social media alone may not be effective at educating people about COVID-19 prevention. Information literacy skills could determine individuals’ HL and drivers’ behaviors.
Virtual Reality Intervention for Patients With Neck Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Guo Qifan , Zhang LIMing , Gui Chenfan , Chen Guanghui , Chen Yi , Tan Huixin , Su Wei , Zhang Ruishi , Gao Qiang
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Neck pain is a prevalent condition that causes an enormous health care burden due to the lack of efficient therapies. As a promising technology, virtual reality (VR) has shown advantages in orthopedic rehabilitation. However, there is no meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of VR in neck pain management.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to review original randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of VR for neck pain and to provide evidence for the clinical application of a new alternative approach for pain management.

METHODS

A total of 9 electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant articles published from inception to October 2022. RCTs in English or Chinese that investigated VR therapy for participants with neck pain were included. The methodological quality and the evidence level were assessed using the Cochrane Back and Neck Risk of Bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) guideline, respectively.

RESULTS

A total of 8 studies with 382 participants were included for the final analysis. For the pain intensity, the overall pooled effect size was 0.51, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of −0.51 (95% CI −0.91 to −0.11; GRADE: moderate), favoring VR therapy compared with controls. Subgroups analyses revealed that significant differences in pain intensity were found in the multimodal intervention (VR in combination with other therapies) than in other interventions (SMD −0.45, 95% CI −0.78 to −0.13; GRADE: moderate), and better analgesic effects were also observed in patients with chronic neck pain receiving VR intervention (SMD −0.70, 95% CI −1.08 to −0.32; GRADE: moderate) and patients treated in the clinic or research unit (SMD −0.52, 95% CI −0.99 to −0.05; GRADE: moderate) than controls. Regarding other health outcomes, the VR experienced less disability, lower kinesiophobia, and greater kinematic function (cervical range of motion, mean and peak velocity). Nevertheless, the follow-up effects of VR therapy on pain intensity and disability were not found.

CONCLUSIONS

Existing moderate evidence support VR as a beneficial nonpharmacological approach to improve pain intensity in patients with neck pain, with advantages to multimodal intervention, people with chronic neck pain, and clinic or research unit–based VR therapy. However, the limited quantity and high heterogeneity of the articles limit our findings.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42020188635; https://tinyurl.com/2839jh8w
Pemberdayaan Kader JUMANTIK Cilik Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit DBD di SDN 2 Samigaluh Desa Sidoharjo Kecamatan Samigaluh
Authors: Askar Nia Fararid , Syaraji M , Salim Marko Ferdinan , Santoso Dian Budi , Pramono Angga Eko
Published: March 2022

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu penyakit yang dapat menyebabkan kematian. Salah satu penyebab DBD adalah habitat vektor DBD yaitu sanitasi lingkungan dengan tersedianya tempat perindukan bagi nyamuk betina pada bejana yang berisi air jernih. Adanya faktor-faktor tersebut maka dilakukan upaya pencegahan salah satunya dengan pembentukan kader JUMANTIK cilik. Pencegahan DBD tidak hanya dilakukan oleh kalangan dewasa saja, namun dibutuhkan pemberdayaan sejak dini pada siswa sekolah dasar. Sebagai suatu institusi pendidikan, sekolah mempunyai peranan dan kedudukan strategis dalam upaya promosi kesehatan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini untuk memberdayakan kader JUMANTIK cilik sebagai upaya pencegahan penyakit DBD sejak dini. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas 4, 5 dan 6 berjumlah 31 siswa di SDN 2 Samigaluh desa Sidoharjo kecamatan Samigaluh Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Metode dalam kegiatan ini adalah pretest diawal kegiatan, lalu pemberian promosi kesehatan tentang DBD dan Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN), setelah itu dilakukan posttest dan pada akhir kegiatan dilakukan pemilihan kader JUMANTIK cilik sebanyak 6 siswa. Simpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah Promosi kesehatan di sekolah melalui kegiatan pemberdayaan kader JUMANTIK cilik sebagai upaya pencegahan penyakit DBD dapat membantu meningkatkan kesehatan siswa, guru, karyawan, keluarga serta masyarakat sekitar, sehingga proses belajar mengajar berlangsung lebih produktif.
Arthropod and Earthworm Populations on Irrigated Rice Farming Land after Paraquat Herbicide Application
Authors: Martono Edhi , Wijayanti Ruwinda Wahyu , Kusnanik Kusnanik , Torani Diprilla Vega
Published: March 2022

Paraquat dichloride is a herbicide compound commonly used to control grasses and broadleaf weeds. Its use is presently under scrutiny as there is a report that this herbicide is very harmful and hazardous to the environment, especially to wild fauna surrounding the farming sites. An irrigated rice farming locale experiment was conducted to observe the effect of paraquat treatment on rice plant biotic environment, particularly its arthropods and earthworm population, two of the most prominent fauna easily affected by paraquat. The study was carried out in Seyegan District, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta Province, on irrigated rice land from October 2018 to February 2019. Four treatments of paraquat, i.e. control (0 kg/ha paraquat), lower dose (0.8 kg/ha), medium dose (1.6 kg/ha), and higher dose (3.2 kg/ha) were arranged. Carbendazim 5 kg/ha was also applied as comparing pesticides, especially for paraquat’s effect on the earthworm. The treatments were replicated five times in a plot of 5 x 5 m2. The number of arthropods and earthworms was observed in about two weeks intervals or more. The observation was done for the number of arthropods and their families, while for earthworms, only for their numbers. The arthropods population data were subjected to diversity indices and statistical analysis, while the earthworms data were statistically analyzed. The result showed that the arthropod numbers in treated plots were statistically significantly different, but biologically their number was still abundant. Their diversity did not differ from the control treatment at all. The arthropod numbers were 2007, 1483, 1095, 1746, and 1204 in control, lower, medium, higher, and carbendazim plots. The earthworms' numbers were still plenty; those in the higher dosage did not differ significantly from those in control. Their numbers from control, lower, medium, higher dose, and carbendazim plots were 811, 658, 567, 882, and 445 individual earthworms.
Double Infections of Rehmannia mosaic virus and Potato virus Y on Tobacco Plants in Central Java and Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Wardani Tika Pramudya , Hartono Sedyo , Sulandari Sri , Somowiyarjo Susamto
Published: March 2022

Various viruses can cause mosaic disease in tobacco plants. Proper detection of the cause of the mosaic disease helps determine effective control. The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of double infection of Rehmannia mosaic virus (ReMV) with Potato virus Y (PVY) using multiplex RT-PCR in tobacco plants from Central Java and Special Region of Yogyakarta. The viral suspension was inoculated on Chenopodium amaranticolor to obtain one viral colony from one local lesion. The multiplex RT-PCR method using Tobamovirus primers (TobRT-up1 and TobRT-do2) and Potyvirus primers (MJ1 and MJ2) can detect double infection caused by ReMV with PVY in tobacco plants distributed in Central Java and Special Region of Yogyakarta. The multiplex RT-PCR product showed that tobacco samples with mosaic symptoms from Temanggung, Klaten, Bantul, and Kalasan were positive ReMV. Multiplex RT-PCR has successfully detected double infection of ReMV and PVY on tobacco samples from Klaten and Kalasan. ReMV Bantul, Kalasan, and Klaten were homolog to ReMV USA isolate and ReMV Temanggung was homolog to ReMV Japanese isolate. PVY Klaten was homolog to PVY Turkey isolate, and PVY Kalasan was homolog to PVY Iran.
Cuentos y relatos indígenas (Vol. 5)
Authors: Álvarez Domínguez Juana , Juárez Cruz Antonio , Cruz Álvarez Bibiano , Juárez Espinosa Isabel , De la Torre Antonio , López Cruz Rosa , De la Torre López Juan , López Méndez Mariano , Girón López Amalia , López Rodríguez Jonathán , Gómez Girón Mariano , López Tzotzek Mariano , Gómez Gómez Antonio , Maldonado Cruz Ernesto , Gómez Owa Feliciano , Maldonado Josefina , Gómez Pérez Manuel , Martínez Sánchez Miguel , Gómez Sánchez María , Méndez Guzmán Diego , Gómez Sántiz Feliciano , Montejo Vázquez Cristóbal , González Sánchez María , Sántiz Cruz Juan , Guzmán Méndez Juan , Sántiz López Vicente , Jiménez Pérez Dominga , Xilón Gómez Francisco
Published: March 2022

En algunos de los relatos que en este texto se reproducen, personas maduras y adolescentes hablantes del chol, tojolabal, tzotzil y tzeltal dan vuelo a su imaginación, con creatividad, sin abandonar la teoría sobre la vida buena y digna que sus pueblos han mantenido por siglos.
Design and Development of Android Based Animal Healthcare Application
Authors: Shelke Tushar , Shahu Shaksham , Godar Aditi , Talewar Manisha , Thaker Jyoti
Published: March 2022

Abstract: This Paper represents the work related to the Design & Development of Android Based Animal Healthcare Application provided a simple interface for user to find nearby veterinary hospitals and easily consult with veterinary doctor about their pets. In this paper we propose a Medical services Application and online conference for Creatures. This Animal Healthcare application contains all relevant information regarding animals, veterinary Doctors and animals common diseases with their symptoms and basic precautions. In the some cases of emergency, users or Persons cannot able to treat sick animals immediately and they not able to contact immediately to right doctors and specialist. This issue is the main source of death in said creatures. Therefore, developers have the concept to develop an Android based application system which keeps record of authenticate doctors, proper detail, location etc. The android application focused on the high quality specialist based on their treatment and suitable timing for users. Based on review system users are able to find and decide which doctor will be best for them. Admin can monitor all the registered doctors, if the doctors getting continuously negative responses from the users, admin will suspend their account as well. Users will get only reputed doctors and quality assurance here will helps a lot for easy and fast treatment. Keywords: Mobile Application, Firebase, Admin Portal, User Portal, Doctor Registration.
AVALIAÇÃO CRÍTICA À LEI n. 14.119/2021: UMA BENESSE DISFARÇADA
Authors: Destefani Ferretti Kleber
Published: March 2022

Até ser sancionada a Lei n. 14.119/2021 sobre pagamentos por serviços ambientais, esta passou por várias arguições, mas também por ser recente, que instigou uma avaliação crítica de seu texto que correlaciona com o desenvolvimento rural junto com a sustentabilidade, através do pagamento de um estímulo financeiro aos donos de terras. A pesquisa utilizou a metodologia qualitativa devido as análises de documentos, leis e produções científicas, assim como os pareceres de Deputados Federais e Senadores sobre o seu projeto de lei n. 312-A/2015. Juntamente com o método dialético, o qual supõe que nada está acabado e devido os diálogos das análises, além de arguir sobre problemas no corpo da Lei sancionada. Que passou por políticos envolvidos na bancada ruralista, resultando em relatórios mais econômicos com foco nos grandes proprietários, contrapondo-se com outras leis e que acarretou falhas normativas devido não regular toda a matéria de forma criteriosa. Além do Governo impor multa aos infratores ambientais, estes em virtude das falhas ainda podem acessar esta política e, ainda falta um regulamento sobre a forma de pactuação contratual que não foi elaborado. Conclui-se que certos artigos da Lei abrem brechas à determinadas benesses ou “prêmios” aos infratores ambientais, proporcionando o mal uso da Lei a fim de bloquear a desapropriação rural (por causa de contradições normativas), vindo-a prejudicar a realização da Reforma Agrária e, além disto dificultar o acesso pelos agricultores familiares que não possuem o Título de Domínio, como o caso dos recém-assentados.