bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORRELATES OF SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AMONG UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Uzobo Endurance , Olaosebikan Titilayomi J. , Oge Tamarautari P.
Published: March 2022

This cross-sectional study investigates the determinants of suicide among 163 undergraduate students in Bayelsa State, focusing on demographic, social, economic, psychological and health determinants. This study is built on the theoretical model of Durkheim’s social integration and regulation theory. Findings from the study indicate that the prevalence rate for the thought of suicide among undergraduate students is 18%. Furthermore, suicidal thought is significantly related to CGPA of students (p<0.041). The social and economic correlates that are significant to suicidal thoughts using chi-square cross-tab from the study include; relationship with parents (p<0.000), academic pressure (p<0.013), relationship status of parents (p<0.006), and current financial status (p<0.002). On the other hand, the Pearson test found the following socio-economic variables to be significant with suicidal thoughts; academic dissatisfaction (p<0.001), relationship with parents (p<0.006), relationship status of parents (p<0.022), and financial status. Other determinants of suicidal thoughts include; depression (p<0.000) and health challenges (p<0.008). The study, therefore, concludes that suicidal thoughts among students could be a function of mainly societal factors which might be inherent in the school environment. Consequently, the study recommends that a guidance and counselling unit be strengthened in higher institutions that will assist students who might be depressed from school activities.
Distinction Between ”Destructive” and” Constructive” Harmonic Currents to the Voltage Quality
Authors: Malekian Boroujeni Kia , Safargholi Farhad , Malekian Kaveh
Published: March 2022

This paper discusses the distinction between the harmonic currents that have a destructive effect and those that have a constructive effect on the voltage quality. Most standards allocate some limits for the harmonic current magnitude at the point of common coupling (PCC) to restrict the harmonic voltage at the PCC. This paper aims to answer ”whether all kinds of harmonic currents are destructive to the voltage quality and should be restricted to reach a better voltage quality.” The results of this paper show that in many cases, despite a high harmonic current at the PCC, the customer decreases the harmonic voltage at the PCC and, subsequently, improves the voltage quality. An example of such situations could be connecting a customer with a passive or active harmonic filter to a grid with a high background harmonic distortion. Therefore, restriction of harmonic current at the PCC does not necessarily result in a better voltage quality. This paper proposes a parameter to distinguish the constructive harmonic currents from the destructive ones.
Lessons from a Study of Diversity and Equality in Legal Education.
Authors: Mägi Erik
Published: March 2022

The article summarises and elaborates a norm-critical and intersectional study of the legal education in Gothenburg, and reflects on the broader pedagogical project of discussing the study among the faculty. A norm-critical perspective seeks to critically examine what is taken for granted and perceived as normal, and subsequently what is perceived as exceptions. An intersectional perspective acknowledges power structures as complex social structures with diverse origins. Together they provide a useful tool for analysing how different social positions are represented in the assignments of the legal education. The study showed, among other things, that men, Nordic people, adults and people from middle and upper class were overrepresented compared to the Swedish society as a whole. The study resulted in important discussions at the Department of Law in Gothenburg on whether representation matters, and if so what should be done. The article seeks to present the study itself and the theoretical thinking behind the study, and to discuss possible ways of dealing with its results.
CUSTOMER PREFERENCES FOR IB HASANAH CARD PRODUCTS AS FINANCIAL CARD AT BNI SYARIAH BANK SURABAYA BRANCH
Authors: Rakhmad Andro Agil Nur , Meylianingrum Kurniawati
Published: March 2022

Currently, the Islamic finance industry is proliferating and continues to make exciting innovations to attract customers. This innovation offers convenience and efficiency in financing Islamic banking in Indonesia. one of the product innovations offered is a sharia credit card. Unlike conventional banks' credit cards, which based on interest, this Islamic credit card still based on a contract. This study aims to look at the preferences of sharia bank customers, especially at the Surabaya branch of BNI Syariah bank, in using the iB hasanah card product. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with an explanatory approach. This study indicates that contracts, fines, fees, and services together have a positive effect on customer preferences in choosing the iB Hasanah Card product. Furthermore, each variable significantly affects customer preferences in choosing the IB Hasanah Card as an efficient payment card.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Program Studi Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Trilogi Terhadap Program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM)
Authors: Panjaitan Mangasi , Rini Ayu Dwidyah , Agusalim Lestari , Abdullah Zed , Purwandaya Budhi , Pasaribu Benny
Published: March 2022

Program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Yang diluncurkan pada tahun 2020 memberikan warna tersendiri bagi pendidikan Indonesia, khususnya bagi mahasiswa perguruan tinggi.  Program ini memberikan keleluasaan bagi mahasiswa untuk mememilih mata kuliah dan kampus yang diinginkan untuk pengembangan dirinya. Mahasiswa diberi hak untuk untuk kuliah tiga semester di luar program studinya didalam kampusdan/atau di luar kampusnya. Dalam pelaksanaannya program MBKM mengalami beberapa kendala.  Kendala bisa berasal dari mahasiswa, kampus maupun pemerintah.  Melaksanakan program “baru” yang berskala nasional tidaklah mudah. Pemerintah menyiapkan sarana dan prasana, SDM dan aturan pendukungnya. Kampus mempersiapkan dan menyesuaikan kurikulumnya dengan program MBKM dengan tetap mempertahankan capain pembelajaran dan profil lulusan program studi, mahasiswa belum sepenuhnya memahami program MBKM tersebut sebagai akibat kurangnya sosialisasi dan lemah iterasi mahasiswa untuk mencari informasi terkait. Bahkan sebagian mahasiswa tidak tahu adanya program tersebut. Mahasiswa punya persepsi bahwa program MBKM penting bagi mereka untuk meningkatkan kompetensi sebagai bekal menghadapi masa depan di dunia kerja. Mereka berharap adanya dukungan penuh dari kampus, dosen ketika akan mengikuti program MBKM. Namun mereka khawatir akan adanya biaya tambahan yang harus dikeluarkan ketika mengikuti program MBKM tersebut.
The settlement behavior of granular soils under vertical loading using the histogram equalization method
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey, Erenson Can
Published: March 2022

Settlement characteristics of soils are an important phenomenon in terms of bearing capacity and failure behavior. Within this context, the relative density value is a significant factor but its correlations are insufficient to provide precise results under exceptional conditions. The main aim of this study is to determine, for each soil type, the parameters that affect the settlement behavior of granular soils. Soil samples belonging to different granular soil classes were placed in transparent boxes and monitored. Then, behaviors were determined using the Histogram Equalization Method (HEM) performed on the images and loading tests. As a result, it was observed that relative density was the most effective factor for settlement behavior in sandy soils. Also, well-grading criteria was the most important factor for gravelly soils in their settlement behavior. In the well-graded soil samples in a dense condition, the pixel numbers in the image were found to be approximately 2 times higher than in the loose soils. On the other hand, the maximum pixel number for loose conditions in poor-graded soil samples was determined between 1.02 and 1.17 times greater compared to the dense soils. Consequently, the outputs obtained from the HEM agreed with the experiments.
An energy efficient multipath routing protocol for MANET
Authors:   Head of the Department of ECE, JNTU Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India., Krishna Dr.B.T. , Veeraiah Neenavath ,   Department of ECE, JNTU Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Published: March 2022

Energy consumption is a critical consideration in mobile ad hoc networks because the majority of mobile nodes run on low battery resources. A hectic problem was the minimization of energy, which was solved by the use of multipath routing protocols. This article proposes an energy-efficient multi-path routing protocol supported by the MANET optimization algorithm. The energy efficiency within the MANET is efficiently achieved by the use of cluster head selection with fuzzy clustering and fuzz NB. Multipath routing can be achieved by integrating the bird swarm optimization algorithm (BSA) with the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), which is called the Bird Swarm-Whale Optimization Algorithm (BSWOA). Optimal route selection is predicated on fitness variables like connectivity between the nodes, energy consumption, the maximum trust value of the route, and throughput. In comparison to existing methods, the suggested BSWOA obtained a minimum energy consumption of 8.72 J, a minimum delay of 0.00333 msec, and a maximum throughput of 0.912 bps.
Potensi Keberhasilan Bakal Calon Legislatif Menggunakan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbors
Authors: Rivatunisa Cyntia
Published: March 2022

A candidate for legislative member is someone who is sent to represent his political party in a legislative part which will be directly elected by the people through general elections. General election is a means of implementation in a democratic system to elect representatives of the people in the people's representative institutions directly, publicly, freely, confidentially, honestly and fairly. Legislative elections are a five-year democratic agenda that is held simultaneously, one of which is to elect members of the Provincial DPRD. Provincial DPRD is a regional people's representative institution that is domiciled as an element of provincial government administration. The purpose of this study is to understand the application of the K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm, to design a system that can determine the success of legislative candidates in the general election in the Jambi provincial constituency using Data Mining with the K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm, to test using Rapidminer supporting software, to test the system. Data Mining that has been built uses test data, and analyzes the output generated from the Data Mining system. The appropriate method for this research is Data Mining. Data mining is a data processing method to find patterns in data, the k-nearest neighbor algorithm is one of the classification algorithms on objects based on learning data that is closest to the object. The data used and processed in this research is the data of the elected DPRD members for the previous period, namely the data of the 2009-2014 DPRD members, the 2014-2019 DPRD members' data, and the 2019-2024 DPRD members' data. The results of this study are a system that can provide recommendations for prospective Provincial DPRD candidates for the 2024-2029 period in choosing electoral districts that match the profile and have a greater potential for victory during the General Election based on profile data of elected DPRD members in the previous period.
Fostering Religious Activities for the Elderly at Harapan Kita Elderly Social Institution Palembang
Authors: Sunaryo Ikhsan , Maimunah  , Mukmin
Published: March 2022

The existence of human civilization cannot be separated from religion because religion is a guide in life and becomes a benchmark that regulates behavior in everyday life. With religion, a person will be able to build character and morals in living life. Because in religion there are rules and guidelines so that humans can carry out activities, behavior, and can return to God in a state of faith. Religion is a nature that develops naturally and some develop according to the will of Allah SWT. The declining physical condition makes the absorption of the elderly in receiving material in the process of religious activities also decrease. This is marked by a decrease in the sense of sight, sense of hearing, and memory of theelderly. The declining physical condition of the elderly will greatly affect the implementation of Islamic religious education activities that they follow. This factor is a natural factor that is usually experienced by the elderly, it cannot be changed because it is a destiny that must be lived. The inhibiting factors encountered in religious development at the orphanage were monotonous delivery of material, declining physical condition of the elderly, and communication barriers.
Analysis of Regional Financial Management Performance and Level of Regional Independence in the Era of Regional Autonomy: Case Study of Semarang City in 2009-2013
Authors: Mubarokah  , Agus Munandar
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to analyze the effect the financial ability of Semarang City in order to support the implementation of regional autonomy, base on Semarang Budget Realization Reported the period of 2009 -2013. A descriptive comparative analysis used to measure the performance of regional financial management and the independence level of Semarang, consist of Regional Financial Independence Ratio, Degree of Decentralization Ratio, Local Native Income (PAD), effectiveness Ratio, and the Harmony Expenditure Ratio. Based on the analysis that has been obtained, the following results: from the analysis of the ratio of the degree of decentralization can be explained that the average ratio of the degree of decentralization is 25,87% of which is in the internal level of level 25%-50%, means already have a good ability to finance region development. Average Regional Financial Capabilities (KKD) ratio is 37.79% which is in the interval 25 % -50 % means that central government intervention has begun to decrease, because the region is considered a little more able to implement region autonomy. From the analysis of PAD effectiveness is more than 100%, it can be concluded that the overall performance of local financial management and the degree of independence of Semarang area continued to improve. It can be seen from some of the financial performance ratio is the ratio of the area of financial independence, the ratio of degrees decentralization, effectiveness ratio and the ratio continues to increase harmony and good effect on the autonomy of the region
Effectiveness of Pre-School Teachers in Implementing English and Math Curricular in Nyamagana District, Tanzania.
Authors: Onyango Daniel Oduor , Mkulu Demetria
Published: March 2022

Teachers are key to effective implementation of the preschool curriculum, especially in areas related to the acquisition of basic literacy skills which are necessary foundations for other levels of education. The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of preschool teachers in handling preschool English and Math curricula in the Nyamagana District. The study was guided by the following specific objectives to find out if preschool teachers have relevant skills in handling of preschool English curriculum and to establish whether preschool teachers had relevant skills in the teaching of the Math curriculum. The population for the study was 100 preschools. This included 100 head teachers and 410 preschool teachers. The sample for this study was 100, inclusive of included 20 head teachers and 82 teachers. Simple random sampling was used to select teachers and headteachers who took part in the study. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze quantitative data with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Moreover, qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The responses from the open-ended part of the questionnaire were subjected to thematic analysis. The study found that majority of teachers had relevant skills in handling the preschool Math curriculum. However, some teachers could not handle certain aspects of the Math curriculum. Also, the study found out that the majority of preschool teachers could effectively implement the English language curriculum; however, a few teachers had challenges, such as using the medium of songs. The study recommended that there is a need to conduct workshops and refresher seminars for teachers in order to equip them with skills to effectively implement English and Math curricula in preschools.
Influence of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield of Coconut (Cocos Nucifera) on Sandy Soils
Authors: K Ismail , A.A. Ismail , M.A. Husin
Published: March 2022

The study mainly to find out the effect of activated biomass on the yield of 10 years of Ceylon tall coconut plants at bris soil to develop a fertilizer mixture that supports plant productivity. The activated biomass was derived from coconut fronds and empty fruit bunch which were air-dried and carbonized in a stainless steel fabricated kiln at a temperature between 250oC-350oC for 4 h to develop the activated biomass. Seven treatments including control were selected. Measurements of yield parameters viz., fruit weight, nut weight, husk weight, water volume, fruit perimeter, fruit length, flesh thickness and the number of nuts increased were conducted every 2 months. There are significant differences at (P<0.05) were observed in some yield parameters, percent of nut increased, flesh thickness and fruits parameter were highest at T3. The treatment of T6 shows the highest records of fruits length, water volume, the weight of fruits, and husks weight. T7 recorded the highest reading of stem diameter. Further field evaluations are needed to determine the relationship of the level of activated biomass with the different level amount of NPK supply in inducing the nutrient availability and soil microbial.
APOGEE Net: An Expanded Spectral Model of Both Low-mass and High-mass Stars
Authors: Sprague Dani , Culhane Connor , Kounkel Marina , Olney Richard , Covey K. R. , Hutchinson Brian , Lingg Ryan , Stassun Keivan G. , Román-Zúñiga Carlos G. , Roman-Lopes Alexandre , Nidever David , Beaton Rachael L. , Borissova Jura , Stutz Amelia , Stringfellow Guy S. , Ramírez Karla Peña , Ramírez-Preciado Valeria , Hernández Jesús , Kim Jinyoung Serena , Lane Richard R.
Published: March 2022

We train a convolutional neural network, APOGEE Net, to predict T
eff,

log
g

, and, for some stars, [Fe/H], based on the APOGEE spectra. This is the first pipeline adapted for these data that is capable of estimating these parameters in a self-consistent manner not only for low-mass stars, (such as main-sequence dwarfs, pre-main-sequence stars, and red giants), but also high-mass stars with T
eff in excess of 50,000 K, including hot dwarfs and blue supergiants. The catalog of ∼650,000 stars presented in this paper allows for a detailed investigation of the star-forming history of not just the Milky Way, but also of the Magellanic clouds, as different type of objects tracing different parts of these galaxies can be more cleanly selected through their distinct placement in T
eff–

log
g

parameter space than in previous APOGEE catalogs produced through different pipelines.
Causes and Consequences of Magnetic Complexity Changes within Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections: A Statistical Study
Authors: Scolini Camilla , Winslow Réka M. , Lugaz Noé , Salman Tarik M. , Davies Emma E. , Galvin Antoinette B.
Published: March 2022

We present the first statistical analysis of complexity changes affecting the magnetic structure of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), with the aim of answering the questions: How frequently do ICMEs undergo magnetic complexity changes during propagation? What are the causes of such changes? Do the in situ properties of ICMEs differ depending on whether they exhibit complexity changes? We consider multispacecraft observations of 31 ICMEs by MESSENGER, Venus Express, ACE, and STEREO between 2008 and 2014 while radially aligned. By analyzing their magnetic properties at the inner and outer spacecraft, we identify complexity changes that manifest as fundamental alterations or significant reorientations of the ICME. Plasma and suprathermal electron data at 1 au, and simulations of the solar wind enable us to reconstruct the propagation scenario for each event, and to identify critical factors controlling their evolution. Results show that ∼65% of ICMEs change their complexity between Mercury and 1 au and that interaction with multiple large-scale solar wind structures is the driver of these changes. Furthermore, 71% of ICMEs observed at large radial (>0.4 au) but small longitudinal (<15°) separations exhibit complexity changes, indicating that propagation over large distances strongly affects ICMEs. Results also suggest that ICMEs may be magnetically coherent over angular scales of at least 15°, supporting earlier theoretical and observational estimates. This work presents statistical evidence that magnetic complexity changes are consequences of ICME interactions with large-scale solar wind structures, rather than intrinsic to ICME evolution, and that such changes are only partly identifiable from in situ measurements at 1 au.
Gravitational Lensing by a Massive Object in a Dark Matter Halo. II. Shear, Phase, and Image Geometry
Authors: Karamazov Michal , Heyrovský David
Published: March 2022

We study the gravitational lensing influence of a massive object in a dark matter halo, using a simple model of a point mass embedded in a spherical Navarro–Frenk–White halo. Building on the analysis of critical curves and caustics presented in the first part of this work, we proceed to explore the geometry of images formed by the lens. First, we analyze several lensing quantities including shear, phase, and their weak-lensing approximations, illustrating the results with image-plane maps. We derive formulae and present a geometric interpretation for the shear and phase of a combination of two axially symmetric mass distributions. In the case of our lens model, we describe the occurrence of zero-shear points and specify the conditions under which they become umbilic points. Second, we use the eigenvalue decomposition of the inverse of the lens-equation Jacobian matrix to compute the magnification and flattening of lensed images. Based on this, we introduce the convergence–shear diagram, a novel and compact way of visualizing the properties of images formed by a particular gravitational lens. We inspect relative deviations of the analyzed lensing quantities in order to evaluate the perturbing effect of the point mass and the applicability of the weak-lensing approximation. We explore the dependence of the results on the point-mass parameters by studying grids of plots for different combinations of its position and mass. We provide analytical explanations for important patterns arising in these plots and discuss the implications for the lensing influence of isolated compact bodies in dark matter halos.
Magnetospheric Curvature Radiation by Bunches as Emission Mechanism for Repeating Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Wang 王 Wei-Yang 维扬 , Yang 杨 Yuan-Pei 元培 , Niu 牛 Chen-Hui 晨辉 , Xu 徐 Renxin 仁新 , Zhang 张 Bing 冰
Published: March 2022

Coherent curvature radiation as the radiation mechanism for fast radio bursts (FRBs) has been discussed since FRBs were discovered. We study the spectral and polarization properties of repeating FRBs within the framework of coherent curvature radiation by charged bunches in the magnetosphere of a highly magnetized neutron star. The spectra can be generally characterized by multisegmented broken power laws, and evolve as bunches move and the line of sight sweeps. Emitted waves are highly linear polarized and polarization angles are flat across the burst envelopes, if the line of sight is confined to the beam within an angle of 1/γ, while a circular polarization fraction becomes strong for off-beam cases. The spectro-temporal pulse-to-pulse properties can be a natural consequence due to the magnetospheric geometry. We investigate the relationship between drift rate, central frequency, and temporal duration. The radius-to-frequency mapping is derived and simulated within the assumptions of both dipolar and quadrupolar magnetic configurations. The geometric results show that FRBs are emitted in field lines more curved than open field lines for a dipolar geometry. This suggests that there are most likely existing multipolar magnetic configurations in the emission region.
Thermonuclear 17O(n, γ)18O Reaction Rate and Its Astrophysical Implications
Authors: Zhang Li-Yong , He Jian-Jun , Kusakabe Motohiko , He Zhen-Yu , Kajino Toshitaka
Published: March 2022

A new thermonuclear 17O(n,γ)18O rate is derived based on a complete calculation of the direct-capture (DC) and resonant-capture contributions, for a temperature region up to 2 GK of astrophysical interest. We have first calculated the DC and subthreshold contributions in the energy region up to 1 MeV, and estimated the associated uncertainties by a Monte Carlo approach. It shows that the present rate is remarkably larger than that adopted in the JINA REACLIB in the temperature region of 0.01 ∼ 2 GK, by up to a factor of ∼80. The astrophysical impacts of our rate have been examined in both s-process and r-process models. In our main s-process model, which simulates flash-driven convective mixing in metal-deficient asymptotic giant branch stars, both 18O and 19F abundances in interpulse phases are enhanced dramatically by factors of ∼20–40 due to the new larger 17O(n,γ)18O rate. It shows, however, that this reaction hardly affects the weak s-process in massive stars since the 17O abundance never becomes significantly large in the massive stars. For the r-process nucleosynthesis, we have studied impacts of our rate in both the collapsar and neutron burst models, and found that the effect can be neglected, although an interesting loophole effect is found owing to the enhanced new rate, which significantly changes the final nuclear abundances if fission recycling is not involved in the model; however, these significant differences are almost completely eliminated if the fission recycling is considered.
Solar Flare Irradiance: Observations and Physical Modeling
Authors: Reep Jeffrey W. , Siskind David E. , Warren Harry P.
Published: March 2022

We examine Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/EUV Variability Experiment (EVE) data to better understand solar flare irradiance, and how that irradiance may vary for large events. We measure scaling laws relating Geostationary Orbital Environmental Satellites (GOES) flare classes to irradiance in 21 lines measured with SDO/EVE, formed across a wide range of temperatures, and find that this scaling depends on the line-formation temperature. We extrapolate these irradiance values to large events, exceeding X10. In order to create full spectra, however, we need a physical model of the irradiance. We present the first results of a new physical model of solar flare irradiance, NRLFLARE, that sums together a series of flare loops to calculate the spectral irradiance ranging from the X-rays through the far-UV (≈0 to 1250 Å), constrained only by GOES/X-ray Sensors observations. We test this model against SDO/EVE data. The model spectra and time evolution compares well in high-temperature emission, but cooler lines show large discrepancies. We speculate that the discrepancies are likely due to both a nonuniform cross-section of the flaring loops as well as opacity effects. We then show that allowing the cross-sectional area to vary with height significantly improves agreement with observations, and is therefore a crucial parameter needed to accurately model the intensity of spectral lines, particularly in the transition region from

4.7
≲
log
T
≲
6

.
Mid-infrared Variability of Low-redshift Active Galactic Nuclei: Constraints on a Hot Dust Component with a Variable Covering Factor
Authors: Son Suyeon , Kim Minjin , Ho Luis C.
Published: March 2022

We utilize mid-infrared multiepoch data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer over a ∼10 yr period in the W1 (3.4 μm) and W2 (4.6 μm) bands to investigate the structure of dusty torus in low-redshift (0.15 < z ≤ 0.4) active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We calculate a Spearman correlation coefficient (r
12) between the W1 magnitude and W1 − W2 color based on the light curve in individual objects. Interestingly, r
12 spans a broad range from −1 to 1 and is detected to be correlated with mean W1 − W2 color and AGN bolometric luminosity, in the sense that objects with a blue W1 − W2 color and low AGN luminosity tend to become redder (bluer) with increasing (decreasing) W1 brightness in the light curve (i.e., r
12 < 0), although the correlation of r
12 with the bolometric luminosity is relatively weak. The fit for the spectral energy distribution reveals a significant contribution from the host galaxy in the W1 and W2 bands. However, the dependencies of r
12 on the W1 − W2 color and AGN luminosity still persist even after careful elimination of the host light contribution. We propose that this result can be explained if the covering factor of the hot dust component decreases as the AGN luminosity increases.
Cosmic Ray Streaming in the Turbulent Interstellar Medium
Authors: Xu Siyao , Lazarian Alex
Published: March 2022

We study the streaming instability of GeV−100 GeV cosmic rays (CRs) and its damping in the turbulent interstellar medium (ISM). We find that the damping of streaming instability is dominated by ion-neutral collisional damping in weakly ionized molecular clouds, turbulent damping in the highly ionized warm medium, and nonlinear Landau damping in the Galactic halo. Only in the Galactic halo is the streaming speed of CRs close to the Alfvén speed. Alfvénic turbulence plays an important role in both suppressing the streaming instability and regulating the diffusion of streaming CRs via magnetic field line tangling, with the effective mean free path of streaming CRs in the observer frame determined by the Alfvénic scale in super-Alfvénic turbulence. The resulting diffusion coefficient is sensitive to Alfvén Mach number, which has a large range of values in the multiphase ISM. Super-Alfvénic turbulence contributes to additional confinement of streaming CRs, irrespective of the dominant damping mechanism.
Validation Solutions to the Full-sky Radio Interferometry Measurement Equation for Diffuse Emission
Authors: Lanman Adam E. , Murray Steven G. , Jacobs Daniel C.
Published: March 2022

Low-frequency radio observatories are reaching unprecedented levels of sensitivity in an effort to detect the 21 cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn. High precision is needed because the expected signal is overwhelmed by foreground contamination, largely from so-called diffuse emission—a nonlocalized glow comprising Galactic synchrotron emission and radio galaxies. The impact of this diffuse emission on observations may be better understood through detailed simulations, which evaluate the Radio Interferometry Measurement Equation (RIME) for a given instrument and sky model. Evaluating the RIME involves carrying out an integral over the full sky, which is naturally discretized for point sources but must be approximated for diffuse emission. The choice of integration scheme can introduce errors that must be understood and isolated from the instrumental effects under study. In this paper, we present several analytically defined patterns of unpolarized diffuse sky emission for which the RIME integral is manageable, yielding closed-form or series visibility functions. We demonstrate the usefulness of these RIME solutions for validation by comparing them to simulated data and show that the remaining differences behave as expected with varied sky resolution and baseline orientation and length.
New records of recently described Zebrus pallaoroi (Actinopterygii: Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) with notes on its morphology, ecology, and molecular identification
Authors: Kovačić Marcelo , Dragičević Branko , Pavičić Mišo , Žužul Iva , Šegvić-Bubić Tanja
Published: March 2022

The family Gobiidae represents the species-richest family of fishes in the Mediterranean Sea. However, many Mediterranean gobiid species are poorly known with just one or few species records in total. Among those species, the recently described Zebrus pallaoroi Kovačić, Šanda et Vukić, 2021 has been known only from the localities in the species description: the southern Adriatic, northern Ionian, and northern and western Aegean seas. The additional specimens of this species were collected in central and northern Adriatic Sea. The identification was confirmed by morphological and genetic methods. The morphological and preserved coloration characters were compared with the data from the limited type material and the alternative preserved coloration diagnostic character was suggested. The first data on alive and freshly dead coloration are reported. The phylogenetic analysis was performed on sequenced COI, cytochrome b, and rhodopsin genes. The analyzed molecular markers placed Z. pallaoroi in a distinct clade within Zebrus–Millerigobius group. The preference of this species for the very shallow habitat is confirmed and discussed.
Patient satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services and the affecting factors: a literature review
Authors: Yuliandani Yuliandani , Alfian Sofa Dewi , Puspitasari Irma Melyani
Published: March 2022

Service quality is measured to assess the consistency of medical services provided to fulfill patient expectations. This article provides an overview of patient satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services and the influencing factors. A literature search from MEDLINE and EBSCO databases was performed with the keywords “patient satisfaction”, “pharmacy service”, “hospital pharmacy service”, and “clinical pharmacy service”. The inclusion criteria for articles are original articles, full papers, articles in English, and published in 2011–2021. A total of 25 articles from 1,118 articles discussed patient satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services such as counseling, drug therapy monitoring, patient support programs, and pharmaceutical care. Generally, patients are satisfied with clinical pharmacy services such as counseling, drug therapy monitoring, patient support programs, and pharmaceutical care. The most influencing factors with clinical pharmacy services are the quality, convenience, ease of information, and confidence in pharmacist competence. Pharmacists should equip themselves with the appropriate knowledge and competencies in clinical pharmacy services for benefits their patients.
Troyes / Rouen et la Bibliothèque bleue : concurrence ou partenariat ?
Authors: Leclerc Marie-Dominique
Published: March 2022

L’auteure s’interroge sur les débuts et la présence, à Troyes et à Rouen, de la Bibliothèque bleue qui n’apparaît pas tout à fait de la même manière dans les deux villes. Des comparaisons de catalogues d’imprimeurs permettent d’établir ressemblances et différences dans la production de livrets de colportage au xviii e  siècle. Ces catalogues laissent supposer qu’au-delà de la concurrence, des accords commerciaux pouvaient exister entre confrères des deux villes. Mais quelques adresses anonymes ou fantaisistes laissent la place à encore bien des supputations. Un tel partenariat entre imprimeurs-libraires se verra confirmé, au xix e  siècle, avec les derniers représentants de l’édition bleue dans les deux villes. Plus généralement, il semblerait bien que Rouennais et Troyens se soient partagé les zones d’influence et de diffusion de leurs impressions. Mais, au-delà d’accords réels, on ne peut exclure le fait que parfois la concurrence fut déloyale.
La politique éditoriale des Chalopin, des livres d’école à la « Bibliothèque bleue »
Authors: Le Roc’h Morgère Mathilde
Published: March 2022

Les Chalopin, actifs à Caen du xvii e au xix e  siècle, sont connus comme les principaux imprimeurs de Bibliothèque bleue en basse Normandie. Les sources d’archives – comptabilité, correspondance, inventaire – éclairent cette politique éditoriale. Pierre Chalopin, encore libraire, se spécialise dans la vente massive d’almanachs, de livres d’écoles et de dévotion, bon marché et populaires. Il organise en 1745 sa nouvelle imprimerie en conséquence. Son fils Pierre-Jean-Aimé s’inscrit dans la même logique commerciale mais c’est seulement en 1788 qu’il ajoute à son catalogue ce qu’il appelle la « Bibliothèque bleue » : des récits distrayants de contes de fées, romans de chevalerie, légendes dorées de saints. Cette stratégie demeure la marque de fabrique de l’atelier sous Pierre-Exupère, dans le contexte difficile de la Révolution et de l’Empire. Pierre-Théodore, plus innovant, envisage de l’infléchir mais continue néanmoins d’exploiter le fonds de commerce traditionnel jusqu’à son décès prématuré en 1832.
Médecine pratique et littérature de colportage en Normandie. L’École de Salerne en vers burlesques (XVII e -XIX e siècles)
Authors: Deblock Geneviève
Published: March 2022

La Bibliothèque bleue de Normandie comprend peu de livres de médecine pratique. À côté de quelques livrets médiocres et brochures magico-religieuses datant surtout du xix e  siècle, de véritables ouvrages de médecine tels que le recueil de secrets intitulé Le Bâtiment des recettes, L’histoire générale des plantes de Léonard Fuchs ou L’École de Salerne en vers burlesques de Louis Martin, ont suivi différents processus de passage dans cette littérature. Ils s’appuient sur un savoir traditionnel empirique et livresque empreint de surnaturel. Par contre, les ouvrages charitables, issus de ce même savoir, n’en font pas partie. Ce sont aussi des livres édifiants, intermédiaires entre une élite cultivée contemporaine aux motivations religieuses, et une classe populaire. L’exemple du passage de L’École de Salerne en vers burlesques dans la littérature de colportage montre le pragmatisme et l’éclectisme de ses imprimeurs libraires.
Le mystère éditorial de la femme sans tête
Authors: Leclerc Marie-Dominique
Published: March 2022

Le livret intitulé L’Imperfection de femmes jouit d’un statut un peu particulier dans la Bibliothèque bleue. Issu, tout comme son pendant La Malice de femmes , de l’ouvrage de Jacques Olivier Alphabet de l’imperfection et malice des femmes , il fut presque exclusivement édité sous adresse fantaisiste pendant près de deux siècles. Par divers recoupements, on montre que les imprimeurs de Rouen ont sans doute joué un rôle essentiel dans sa conception et sa diffusion, contrairement à leurs confrères troyens qui semblent ne s’y être que peu intéressés.
Y a-t-il du jeu dans les normes et les concepts ?
Authors: Pariente-Butterlin Isabelle
Published: March 2022

La question de la mise en œuvre de la loi a pu être pensée comme demandant l’ajustement de la loi au cas particulier. J’essaierai d’évaluer la mesure dans laquelle les nouveaux outils conceptuels proposés par la philosophie analytique, permettent de ressaisir cette question bien connue et tout à fait fondamentale de la philosophie, depuis sa discussion par Platon et Aristote. Depuis une dizaine d’années, les philosophes du droit américains – Endicott et Soames en particulier – se sont saisis de la question du « vague », épistémique et ontologique. Je propose de souligner certains résultats ainsi obtenus, tout en présentant les aspects métaphysiques sollicités par ces concepts. J’interrogerai donc le point de contact de la métaphysique contemporaine et de la philosophie du droit, pour montrer comment une question classique peut être reprise à nouveaux frais autour d’un exemple tout à fait spécifique, qui est celui de la négligence (dans la relation entre parents et enfants).
La Californie à l’avant-garde de la lutte contre le changement climatique : un immense défi politique
Authors: Cain Bruce E. , Douzet Frédérick
Published: March 2022

Face à la multiplication des sécheresses et des inondations dues au réchauffement climatique, la Californie cherche à rendre la vie durablement soutenable. Si elle a été à l’avant-garde de la décarbonisation de son économie, elle a tardé à s’attaquer aux problèmes du stockage de l’eau, de l’intensification des feux de forêt et de l’augmentation du niveau de la mer. La Californie affiche pourtant des objectifs extrêmement ambitieux pour, notamment, accroître l’achat de voitures électriques, développer le stockage de l’énergie et accélérer la mise en place de programmes de résilience climatique. Dans cet entretien, Bruce E. Cain revient sur les conséquences de la présidence Trump et des républicains sur la politique environnementale des États-Unis et de la Californie. Conséquence d’une évolution de la politique états-unienne, l’absence de consensus populaire sur un programme offensif de lutte contre le changement climatique était prévisible.
« Under control » : soft power et diplomatie sanitaires états-uniens à l’épreuve du Covid-19
Authors: Fauquert Élisabeth
Published: March 2022

En 2020, les États-Unis furent proportionnellement le pays le plus touché par l’épidémie de Covid-19. Leur réponse balbutiante à cette crise peut sembler surprenante si celle-ci est rapportée à l’essor spectaculaire du soft power et de la diplomatie sanitaire de ce même pays au xx e  siècle. Elle l’est moins lorsqu’elle est rapportée au fonctionnement du système de santé catégoriel états-unien, au rôle qu’y jouent les grandes compagnies pharmaceutiques et aux politiques néo-fédérales ayant conduit à une érosion continue de la protection sociale et des financements alloués à la recherche fondamentale en biomédecine. Cet article analyse l’articulation entre ces forces et ces faiblesses en 2020-2021 et la manière dont elle a contre toute attente renforcé le soft power sanitaire états-unien, et consolidé la place de ce pays dans l’ordre géopolitique mondial.
Réticences et limites de la politique russe de l’administration Biden
Authors: Laruelle Marlène
Published: March 2022

L’administration Biden a développé une politique envers la Russie qui reconnaît l’impossibilité d’aborder les racines de la confrontation stratégique actuelle mais cherche malgré tout à reprendre un dialogue minimal afin d’établir une relation « stable et prédictible » avec Moscou. L’objectif de Washington est de parquer la Russie dans son statut de semi-grande puissance et d’éviter qu’elle puisse défier les États-Unis plus qu’elle ne le fait déjà, afin que les forces financières, diplomatiques et militaires états-uniennes puissent se redéployer autour de la compétition avec la Chine, identifiée comme l’adversaire prioritaire. Cet article discute le contexte de l’héritage des années Trump dans la vision de la Russie, la construction de la nouvelle politique russe de l’administration Biden, les divisions entre think tanks sur leur vision de la Russie, et la difficulté pour Washington de trouver la juste place de l’Europe dans sa vision de la Russie et plus globalement du monde.
La recherche biographique en éducation : émergence, projet et enjeux
Authors: Delory-Momberger Christine
Published: March 2022

La contribution a pour objet de rappeler les conditions d’émergence, le projet épistémologique et les enjeux de connaissance de la recherche biographique en éducation, posant ainsi le cadre des travaux et des débats du colloque international « La recherche biographique en situations et en dialogues ». Voulant contribuer à construire et à explorer une approche spécifique en sciences humaines, fondée sur le paradigme du biographique , la recherche biographique en éducation doit répondre à des questions de nature épistémologique et méthodologique qui concernent au premier chef la spécificité du savoir auquel elle prétend et des démarches selon lesquelles elle construit ce champ de savoir.
Paradigme du biographique en éducation : un parcours de reconnaissance du Sujet dans la Cité
Authors: Janner-Raimondi Martine
Published: March 2022

Cette présentation a pour objet de réfléchir aux enjeux scientifiques d’une approche par le biographique. Prendre en compte la biographie d’une personne dans le cadre d’une recherche universitaire ne relève pas seulement d’un choix méthodologique, mais tout autant d’un ancrage épistémologique, éthique et même politique, notamment eu égard aux finalités. Pour autant, si la place du Sujet, dans sa singularité même, est considérée comme essentielle pour comprendre les problématiques posées en sciences de l’éducation et de la formation, cette considération se fait au nom d’une valeur qui pose sa nécessité sans toutefois s’y restreindre. Faire place au Sujet, appréhender ce qu’il vit, éprouve, ressent et apprend à travers ses expériences et ses éprouvés, se saisit au regard de la société dans laquelle il vit et dans le contexte territorial dans lequel il s’inscrit. L’ensemble constitue un paradigme de recherche qui se caractérise par une reconnaissance du parcours du Sujet au sein d’un ensemble plus vaste : la Cité, elle-même composée de multiples territoires.
Pour une clinique de l’historicité
Authors: de Gaulejac Vincent
Published: March 2022

Aller chercher dans le passé ce qui ne passe pas. Comprendre pourquoi ce n’est pas passé, et pourquoi ce qui n’est pas passé est toujours agissant en soi. Entre la vie de l’homme et son histoire, qui produit l’autre ? Comment penser les intrications complexes entre l’individu – acteur, auteur et sujet – confronté à une histoire et une société dont il est à la fois le produit et le producteur ? L’histoire de Claude illustre les processus par lesquels, sur trois générations, un comportement « social », lié à une culture de pauvreté, se transforme en fonctionnement psychologique. La clinique de l’historicité propose un cadre et une méthode pour comprendre comment l’histoire est agissante en soi et, faute d’en modifier le cours, changer son rapport à un passé toujours présent.
Cartographie d’expériences de formation en recherche (auto)biographique
Authors: de Souza Elizeu Clementino
Published: March 2022

Cette communication s’inscrit dans les débats en cours en recherche (auto)biographique sur le « monde de la vie » en articulation avec les notions d’expérience et d’événement. Les expériences et les formations réalisées au Brésil dans le cadre du Groupe de recherche (auto)biographique, formation et histoire orale ( grafho ) permettent de thématiser, par un détour « archéologique », les manières multiples dont vie, formation et profession s’entrecroisent, ouvrant ainsi une option épistémologique et politique dans le domaine de la recherche (auto)biographique. La notion d’événement – à la fois discours, pratique et disposition (auto)biographique – se révèle être un puissant analyseur, en tant qu’il permet de situer les événements-expériences où se tissent les dimensions croisées de la vie, de la formation et de la profession.
Drag in the city : éléments pour une analyse du paysage Drag Queen français
Authors: Alessandrin Arnaud
Published: March 2022

S’appuyant sur des entretiens avec des Drag Queens françaises, cet article se propose de revenir sur les formes contemporaines de la pratique Drag en France. L’émergence de la scène Drag actuelle, qui fait suite aux figures connues des années 1990, est interprétée à l’aune de propos recueillis auprès de 20 Drag Queens. Ces derniers s’attachent à mettre en lumière les questions variées qui innervent la scène Drag actuelle comme la culture queer, l’homophobie, le féminisme, la précarité ainsi que l’importance des représentations écraniques qui poussent aujourd’hui les figures Drag du côté d’une visibilité jamais atteinte dans la sphère publique.