bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis cutis orificialis with underlying pulmonary tuberculosis in an immunocompetent man
Authors: Dey Biswajit , Deshpande Archana Hemant , Bhat Sanjeev Hosdurg , Singh Ashok
Published: February 2020

Tuberculosis cutis orificialis (TCO) is a rare form of tuberculosis more often secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis. TCO has varied differential diagnoses and thus results in delayed diagnosis and treatment leading to serious consequences. The diagnosis of TCO is confirmed by biopsy and nucleic acid amplification tests in majority of cases. We report a case of TCO with underlying pulmonary tuberculosis in a 50-year-old male, who presented with a painful nonhealing ulcer of the right buccal mucosa. Biopsy and real-time polymerase chain reaction helped in confirming the diagnosis. The patient was treated with antitubercular therapy.
Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1-producing Escherichia coli among hospitalized patients
Authors: Agarwal Anjali , Srivastava Jyoti , Maheshwari Ujjwal , Iftikhar Mohd
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: Carbapenemase-producing microorganisms are becoming a major concern among hospital-acquired infections. There is also increased multidrug resistance seen among these isolates.

AIMS: We have conducted this study to determine the prevalence of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) gene-producing Escherichia coli among hospitalized patients in a tertiary care hospital in Northern India.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN: The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology with the tertiary care hospital settings. It was a prospective cross-sectional observational study conducted during January 2014–August 2014.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 500 nonduplicate E. coli samples were processed. The isolates with reduced susceptibility to ertapenem, i.e., zone diameter between 19 and 21 mm, were considered carbapenemase producers. These isolates were subjected to modified Hodge test for phenotypic confirmation. Polymerase chain reaction was performed on all the screened isolates for molecular detection of NDM-1 gene.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Chi-square test was used to analyze the data and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: Out of 500 E. coli isolates, 61 (12.2%) were screened for carbapenemase production. 47 (9.4%) isolates were positive by modified Hodge test and 36 (7.2%) isolates showed the presence of blaNDM-1 gene (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: There is an increased prevalence of NDM-1 gene-producing E. coli isolates. These carbapenemase-producing isolates are more resistant to other group of antibiotics (aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones along with β-lactam group). Early detection of blaNDM-1 gene can help in choosing the effective treatment options for hospitalized patients in time, thereby reducing the risk of mortality.
Prevalence, etiology, and antibiotic resistance profiles of bacterial bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in Northern India: A 4-year study
Authors: Khurana Surbhi , Bhardwaj Nidhi , Kumari Minu , Malhotra Rajesh , Mathur Purva
Published: February 2020

INTRODUCTION: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) can lead to life-threatening sepsis and are globally associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although BSIs require immediate antimicrobial treatment, their prevalence, etiology, and antimicrobial susceptibilities differ from one country to other. There is a dearth of such data from India. Here, we report the 4-year etiologic data on BSI in trauma patients admitted to a tertiary care referral hospital in New Delhi, India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted at the trauma center between January 2013 and December 2016. The routine microbiological data on bacterial BSI were recorded and determined retrospectively from the laboratory records. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were statistically analyzed.

RESULTS: A total of 2017 bacterial strains isolated from blood culture samples were included for microbiological analysis. During the study, the median age of the patients varied from 30 to 35 years, with the percentage of females in the study population varying from 17% to 19%. The predominant pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria, with Acinetobacter species, followed by Klebsiella species being the most commonly isolated organisms throughout the 4 years of study. Among Gram-positive isolates, Staphylococcus species were the leading pathogens (11%–15%).

CONCLUSIONS: A detailed analysis of prevalence, etiology of BSIs in India and its resistance profile is crucial for appropriate antibiotic use, clinical management, and formulation of antibiotic policies and preventive measures.
Robotic transduodenal excision of duodenal duplication cyst
Authors: Nayak Sunil Kumar , Vijay N. Anand , Nalankilli V. P. , Anand E. Senthil , Palanivelu Chinnusamy
Published: February 2020

Duodenal duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies that generally present with abdominal pain and vomiting or may have nonspecific symptoms. Surgical excision is the recommended treatment owing to possible complications, including malignancy. However, difficult locations like the periampullary region are problematic and major surgical procedures, for example, pancreaticoduodenectomy is necessary for total resection. These have a high complication rate resulting in a poor quality of life, especially in children and young adults. Here, we describe a case of duodenal duplication cyst managed by robotic (transduodenal) excision along with a brief review of the literature.
Merging regional and global aerosol optical depth records from major available satellite products
Authors: Sogacheva Larisa , Popp Thomas , Sayer Andrew M. , Dubovik Oleg , Garay Michael J. , Heckel Andreas , Hsu N. Christina , Jethva Hiren , Kahn Ralph A. , Kolmonen Pekka , Kosmale Miriam , de Leeuw Gerrit , Levy Robert C. , Litvinov Pavel , Lyapustin Alexei , North Peter , Torres Omar , Arola Antti
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Satellite instruments provide a vantage point for studying aerosol
loading consistently over different regions of the world. However, the
typical lifetime of a single satellite platform is on the order of 5–15 years; thus, for climate studies, the use of multiple satellite sensors
should be considered. Discrepancies exist between aerosol optical depth
(AOD) products due to differences in their information content, spatial and
temporal sampling, calibration, cloud masking, and algorithmic assumptions.
Users of satellite-based AOD time-series are confronted with the challenge
of choosing an appropriate dataset for the intended application. In this
study, 16 monthly AOD products obtained from different satellite sensors and
with different algorithms were inter-compared and evaluated against Aerosol
Robotic Network (AERONET) monthly AOD. Global and regional analyses
indicate that products tend to agree qualitatively on the annual, seasonal
and monthly timescales but may be offset in magnitude. Several approaches
were then investigated to merge the AOD records from different satellites
and create an optimised AOD dataset. With few exceptions, all merging
approaches lead to similar results, indicating the robustness and stability
of the merged AOD products. We introduce a gridded monthly AOD merged
product for the period 1995–2017. We show that the quality of the merged
product is as least as good as that of individual products. Optimal
agreement of the AOD merged product with AERONET further demonstrates the
advantage of merging multiple products. This merged dataset provides a
long-term perspective on AOD changes over different regions of the world,
and users are encouraged to use this dataset.
Trends of atmospheric water vapour in Switzerland from ground-based radiometry, FTIR and GNSS data
Authors: Bernet Leonie , Brockmann Elmar , von Clarmann Thomas , Kämpfer Niklaus , Mahieu Emmanuel , Mätzler Christian , Stober Gunter , Hocke Klemens
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Vertically integrated water vapour (IWV) is expected to increase globally in a warming climate. To determine whether IWV increases as expected on a regional scale, we present IWV trends in Switzerland from ground-based remote sensing techniques and reanalysis models, considering data for the time period 1995 to 2018. We estimate IWV trends from a ground-based microwave radiometer in Bern, from a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer at Jungfraujoch, from reanalysis data (ERA5 and MERRA-2) and from Swiss ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations. Using a straightforward trend method, we account for jumps in the GNSS data, which are highly sensitive to instrumental changes. We found that IWV generally increased by 2 to 5 % per decade, with deviating trends at some GNSS stations. Trends were significantly positive at 23 % of all GNSS stations, which often lie at higher altitudes (between 850 and 1700 m above sea level). Our results further show that IWV in Bern scales to air temperature as expected (except in winter), but the IWV–temperature relation based on reanalysis data in whole Switzerland is not everywhere clear. In addition to our positive IWV trends, we found that the radiometer in Bern agrees within 5 % with GNSS and reanalyses. At the high altitude station Jungfraujoch, we found a mean difference of 0.26 mm (15 %) between the FTIR and coincident GNSS data, improving to 4 % after an antenna update in 2016. In general, we showed that ground-based GNSS data are highly valuable for climate monitoring, given that the data have been homogeneously reprocessed and that instrumental changes are accounted for. We found a response of IWV to rising temperature in Switzerland, which is relevant for projected changes in local cloud and precipitation processes.
Towards a global understanding of vegetation–climate dynamics at multiple timescales
Authors: Linscheid Nora , Estupinan-Suarez Lina M. , Brenning Alexander , Carvalhais Nuno , Cremer Felix , Gans Fabian , Rammig Anja , Reichstein Markus , Sierra Carlos A. , Mahecha Miguel D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Climate variables carry signatures of variability at multiple timescales. How these modes of variability are reflected in the state of the
terrestrial biosphere is still not quantified or discussed at the global scale. Here, we set out to gain a global understanding of the relevance
of different modes of variability in vegetation greenness and its covariability with climate. We used >30 years of remote sensing records of
the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to characterize biosphere variability across timescales from submonthly oscillations to decadal
trends using discrete Fourier decomposition. Climate data of air temperature (Tair) and precipitation (Prec) were used to characterize
atmosphere–biosphere covariability at each timescale. Our results show that short-term (intra-annual) and longer-term (interannual and longer) modes of variability make regionally highly important
contributions to NDVI variability: short-term oscillations focus in the tropics where they shape 27 % of NDVI variability. Longer-term
oscillations shape 9 % of NDVI variability, dominantly in semiarid shrublands. Assessing dominant timescales of vegetation–climate covariation,
a natural surface classification emerges which captures patterns not represented by conventional classifications, especially in the
tropics. Finally, we find that correlations between variables can differ and even invert signs across timescales. For southern Africa for example,
correlation between NDVI and Tair is positive for the seasonal signal but negative for short-term and longer-term oscillations,
indicating that both short- and long-term temperature anomalies can induce stress on vegetation dynamics. Such contrasting correlations between timescales exist for 15 % of vegetated areas for NDVI with Tair and 27 % with Prec, indicating global relevance of scale-specific
climate sensitivities. Our analysis provides a detailed picture of vegetation–climate covariability globally, characterizing ecosystems by their intrinsic modes of
temporal variability. We find that (i) correlations of NDVI with climate can differ between scales, (ii) nondominant subsignals in climate
variables may dominate the biospheric response, and (iii) possible links may exist between short-term and longer-term scales. These heterogeneous
ecosystem responses on different timescales may depend on climate zone and vegetation type, and they are to date not well understood and do not always
correspond to transitions in dominant vegetation types. These scale dependencies can be a benchmark for vegetation model evaluation and for
comparing remote sensing products.
High-frequency climate oscillations in the Holocene from a coastal-dome ice core in east central Greenland
Authors: Hughes Abigail G. , Jones Tyler R. , Vinther Bo M. , Gkinis Vasileios , Stevens C. Max , Morris Valerie , Vaughn Bruce H. , Holme Christian , Markle Bradley R. , White James W. C.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. An ice core drilled on the Renland Ice Cap in east-central Greenland contains a continuous climate record dating through the last glacial period. The Renland record is valuable because the coastal environment is more likely to reflect regional sea surface conditions, compared to inland Greenland ice cores that capture synoptic variability. Here we present the δ18O water isotope record for the Holocene, in which decadal-scale climate information is retained for the last 8 ka, and the annual water isotope signal is preserved throughout the last 2.6 ka. To investigate regional climate information preserved in the water isotope record, we apply spectral analysis techniques to a 300-year moving window to determine the mean strength of varying frequency bands through time. The strength of interannual frequency bands decays rapidly, but we find that the mean 15–20 year δ18O variability exhibits a millennial-scale cycle in line with the well-known Bond Cycle. Comparison to other North Atlantic proxy records suggests that the 15–20 year variability may reflect fluctuating sea ice conditions throughout the Holocene, driven by changes in the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Additional analysis of the seasonal signal over the last 2.6 ka reveals that the winter δ18O signal has experienced a decreasing trend, while the summer signal has predominantly remained stable. The winter trend likely corresponds to an increase in Arctic sea ice cover, driven by a decrease in total annual insolation. In the context of anthropogenic climate change, the winter trend may have important implications for feedback processes as sea ice retreats in the Arctic.
Insights into the recurrent energetic eruptions on Awu, one of the deadliest volcano on earth
Authors: Bani Philipson ,   Kristianto, Kunrat Syegi , Syahbana Devy Kamil
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The little know Awu volcano is among the deadliest with a cumulative dead toll of 11048. In less than 4 centuries, 18 eruptions were recorded, including two VEI-4 and three VEI-3 with worldwide impacts. The regional geodynamic is controlled by a divergent-double-subduction and an arc-arc collision. In that context, the slab stalls in the mantle, undergoes an increase of temperature and becomes prone to melting, a process that sustained the magmatic supply. Awu also has the particularity to host alternatively and simultaneously a lava dome and a crater lake throughout its activity. The lava dome occurred passively through the crater lake and induced strong water evaporation from the crater. A conduit plug associated with this dome emplacement subsequently channeled the gas emission to the crater wall. However, with the lava dome cooling, the high annual rainfall eventually reconstituted the crater lake and creating a hazardous situation on Awu. Indeed with a new magma injection, rapid pressure buildup may pulverize the conduit plug and the lava dome, allowing lake water injection and subsequent explosive water-magma interaction. The past vigorous eruptions are likely induced by these phenomena, a possible scenario for the future events.
Impact of Job Insecurity and Work Overload on Employee Performance With the Mediating Role of Employee Stress: A Case of Pakistan’s Fast-food Industry
Authors: Naru Arslan Shoaib , Rehman Anam
Published: February 2020

The fast-food industry is one of the booming industries in Pakistan with rapidly developing human resources. However, quick growth has become impeded by numerous human resource management challenges. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors/variables that cause stress among employees in the workplace which consequently affect their performance. Pakistan’s fast-food sector has been taken into account and a comprehensive study has been carried out to find out which variables result in employee stress and affect their overall job performance. Primary data was collected through three hundred and fifty questionnaires disseminated throughout various areas of Lahore, Karachi and Islamabad including Emporium Mall, Packages Mall and Dolmen Mall, Lucky One Mall, Centaurus, and key areas popular for fast-food in those cities. Several statistical tools including; Reliability and Validity Analysis, Factor Analysis, Regression analysis, KMO, Cronbach Alpha and the Bartlett Test, are used for data analysis on SPSS and Smart PLS. Results of the analysis show that Work Overload, Job Insecurity (independent variable) and Employee Stress (mediating variable) have a significant impact on Employee Performance (dependent variable). The relationship of Job Security and Work Overload with Employee Stress is positive. Similarly, the relationship between Employee Stress and Employee Performance is also positive and significant. The study described in this paper thoroughly focuses on all the major causes of employee’s stress and its impact on employee performance, it also suggests how Fast-food sector of Pakistan should consider these factors in order to address these issues and provide favorable workplace environment.
A Study of College English Culture Intelligence-Aided Teaching System and Teaching Pattern
Authors: Meng-yue Cao , Dan Li , Jun Wang
Published: February 2020

College English teaching is supposed to cover both language acquisition and culture learning due to the close relationship between language and culture, taking cultural teaching as an indispensible part of college English courses. With the rapid integration of information technology and English curriculum, artificial intelligence has brought new opportunities to college English teaching, and college English cultural teaching methods are now faced with new innovations. In the age of intelligence, to promote teaching quality and learning effect, artificial intelligence technology can be embedded in English teaching practice, exerting its technical advantages and frontier characteristics. In consideration of integrated developing tendency of college English cultural teaching model and modern information technology, the paper is aimed to design and build up an intelligence-aided system so as to extend the depth and width of the application of modern information technology in college English cultural teaching as well as to exploit the great application potential of modern information technology in college English cultural teaching, thus opening a new way and presenting a direction for college English cultural teaching.
Measuring the Efficiency of Public Hospitals in Kuwait: A Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis and a Qualitative Survey Study
Authors: Alsabah Abdullah M. , Haghparast-Bidgoli Hassan , Skordis Jolene
Published: February 2020

The recent drop in oil prices has challenged public sector financing in Kuwait. Technical and scale efficiency scores for fifteen public hospitals in Kuwait from 2010 to 2014 were estimated using a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA). Technical efficiency scores were regressed against institutional characteristics using Tobit regression to investigate the determinants of efficiency differences in hospitals. Semi-structured interviews were also carried out with fourteen public and private hospital managers to qualitatively explore their perceptions and experience about about factors affecting hospital efficiency.

The mean technical efficiency score for all hospitals was 85.8%, an improvement of 2% since 2010. The mean pure technical efficiency score was 79.6%, improving from 75% in 2010 to 81.2% in 2014. The mean scale efficiency score was 91.8%, improving from 87.6% in 2010 to 94.2% in 2014. Only three hospitals were constantly technically and scale efficient. Tobit regression showed that hospital efficiency was significantly associated with the average length of patient stay. Hospitals with more than 400 beds were potentially more technically and scale efficient. The qualitative study revealed that external factors affecting efficiency commonly included implemention of legislative changes and decreasing bureaucracy, while internal factors included increasing bed capacity and improving qualifications and training of human resources.

Most public hospitals in Kuwait were not technically and scale efficient, but improvements were observed. Potential factors that affected the efficiency of hospitals in Kuwait were identified. These findings are useful to decision-makers in Kuwait for developing strategies to improve public hospital efficiency.
Psychological Stress and its Relationship to Marital Adjustment among Working Mothers in Jordanian Society and its Impact on Raising Children
Authors: ALZyoud Nader Fahmi
Published: February 2020

This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological stress and marital adjustment among working mothers in Jordanian society and its impact on raising children in order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the qualitative and quantitative methods, employing the questionnaire survey tool. The study population consisted of all working mothers in Jordanian society. The study sample consisted of 72 working mothers. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS.24).

The researcher found that there is a level of psychological stress and marital adjustment among working mothers in Jordanian society, the statistical analysis showed that there is no relationship between psychological stress and marital adjustment among working mothers. The results show that there is impact of psychological stress on raising children among working mothers. The researchers recommend Carrying out pre-marital training programs for those who are about to get married to raise awareness about marital life and marital harmony and its impact on family children, and the need for the working mother to pay attention to the social aspect of her children and encourage them to continue social communication.
Gender Differences in Stressors and Coping Strategies Among Teacher Education Students at University of Ghana
Authors: Adasi Grace S. , Amponsah Kwaku D. , Mohammed Salifu M. , Yeboah Rita , Mintah Priscilla C.
Published: February 2020

This study explored gender differences in stressors experienced by teacher education students at the University of Ghana, and adaptation stratagems they might utilise to manage stress. In 2018–2019 academic year, a total of two hundred and seventy (270) second- and third-year students were selected using random sampling procedure to respond to closed-ended and open-ended questions in a survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was adapted from Dental Environmental Stress (DES) to measure stressors students encounter and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief COPE) to measure students’ coping stratagems they might use to minimise their stress levels (Folkman & Lazarus, 1984). It was pre-tested to learners of the faculty of education at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana, to ensure the reliability and validity of the statements. The findings show that the students use multiple strategies, such as praying/meditating and self-distracting activities to cope with stress. Although, females had higher overall perceived stress levels regarding encountered academic stressors and health stressors, the difference between genders was insignificant. Similarly, females had a higher perception of stress from psychosocial stressors when likened to males, however, the difference between genders was also insignificant. Regarding perceived coping stratagems, females utilised adaptive coping stratagems whilst males utilised maladaptive and avoidance coping stratagems although the difference between genders was also not significant. The study recommended among others that males be urged to likewise utilise increasingly adaptive strategies to control strain.
El contrato para la formación y el aprendizaje. Perspectiva crítica tras las últimas reformas
Authors: Esteban Legarreta Ricardo
Published: February 2020

El contrato para la formación y el aprendizaje ha agudizado tras las últimas reformas su perfil de contrato precario, que representa el rol de un contrato de inserción. Además, el legislador ha impulsado a lo largo de los últimos años su utilización mediante la flexibilización de la edad de acceso, la posibilidad de sucesión de contratos con diversas finali-dades formativas, así como la supresión de los topes a su utilización. Por otra parte, la duración máxima y mínima del contrato se vincula al interés organizativo del empresa-rio, lo que deja de lado el interés formativo del trabajador. Asimismo, la reforma de 2012 ha consolidado la posibilidad de retribuir por debajo del salario mínimo interprofesional durante toda la vigencia del contrato, lo que debe inter-pretarse como un rotundo reclamo dirigido a los empresa-rios. La posible utilización del contrato por parte de em-presas de trabajo temporal tiene el mismo significado. El elemento formativo muestra algunas mejoras aparentes combinadas con reformas negativas y con algunas prácticas aún más criticables. Así, cabe subrayar en positivo que los estudiantes de formación profesional del sistema educativo puedan ser contratados mediante la modalidad, al tiempo que es criticable la falta de sanciones adecuadas en caso de utilización en fraude de ley.
Bokmelding
Authors: Ekre Eldbjørg Leinebø , Horsfjord Vebjørn
Published: February 2020

Kirsti Melangen. Kunsten å være klar. En fagbok om kirkelig undervisningEide Forlag, 2016 (187 sider)Anmeldt av Eldbjørg Leinebø Ekre, seniorrådgjevar i KA – Arbeidsgiverorganisasjon for kirkelige virksomheter.Bente Afset, Birger Løvlie og Arne Redse (red.) 2017. Toleranse – religion – konflikt, Kristiansand: Portal AkademiskAnmeldt av Vebjørn L. Horsfjord, professor i RLE, Høgskolen i Innlandet.
Bedingung und Bedingungsfeindlichkeit
Authors: Kalbfleisch Florian
Published: February 2020

Die Bedingung ist ein wichtiges Instrument der Privatautonomie. Kaum ein Vertrag des Wirtschaftslebens kommt ohne eine Bedingungsgestaltung aus. Ebenso sind Zivilprozesse nahezu nicht denkbar ohne dass bedingte Anträge gestellt werden. In Anbetracht ihrer praktischen Bedeutung verwundert es, dass in Wissenschaft und Praxis kein ausreichend konturiertes Begriffsverständnis der Bedingung vorzufinden ist. Aufgrund dieser Unschärfe lässt die rechtliche Auseinandersetzung mit Bedingungskonstruktionen eine kohärente Dogmatik vermissen. Dies zeigt sich vor allem bei der Diskussion bedingungsfeindlicher Rechtsgeschäfte.

Der Autor unternimmt es, ein widerspruchsfreies Begriffsverständnis der Bedingung zu erarbeiten, auf dessen Grundlage bekannte Streitfragen zur Bedingung entzerrt und neue Fragestellungen dogmatisch kohärent gelöst werden können. Besondere Kritik erfährt die oft zitierte und zu selten hinterfragte Bedingungsfeindlichkeit von Gestaltungserklärungen und Prozesshandlungen.
Typology of Young Korean Adults’ Relationships with their Parents from an Intergenerational Solidarity Lens
Authors: Lee Jaerim , Park Jane , Kim Hyeji , Oh Sangmin , Kwon Soyoung
Published: February 2020

The literature on parent-child relationships in young adulthood lacks a systemic approach that considers the multifaceted nature of intergenerational relationships. In this paper, we identify the latent profiles of young Korean adults’ relationships with their parents based on the six dimensions of intergenerational solidarity (structural, associational, affectual, consensual, functional, and normative solidarity) as indicators. We considered solidarity for the mother and the father separately for structural, associational, affectual, and consensual dimensions. In terms of functional and normative solidarity, we measured both upstream and downstream intergenerational support. The sample included 1,015 young adults who were 19-34 years old, never married, not in secondary school, and had both parents living. The latent profile analysis revealed four profiles: (a) independent but intimate (22.7%), (b) coresident, outwardly intimate (32.4%), (c) detached from father (6.7%), and (d) coresident, intimate (38.2%). The factors that predicted each profile included the young adults’ education, income, subjective socioeconomic status, and experiencing the features of emerging adulthood along with the parents’ marital status, father’s employment, and overparenting. The “coresident, intimate” group reported significantly higher levels of life satisfaction and fewer depressive symptoms compared to the other three groups. The lowest levels of psychological adjustment were found in the “coresident, outwardly intimate” group and “detached from father” group.
Représentations savantes de la négociation collective et travail de négociation
Authors: Thuderoz Christian
Published: February 2020

Cet article se fixe deux objectifs, correspondant à ses deux parties : 1- discuter l’analyse d’Allan Flanders (1968) à propos des théories de la négociation collective (collective bargaining theories) identifiées par Neil Chamberlain (1951); et 2- s’appuyer sur la conclusion de Flanders à propos de la participation à la régulation collective (participation in job regulation) du syndicat pour élargir ce raisonnement aux deux négociateurs — syndicalistes et employeurs. L’article propose de lire cela comme un travail — le ‘travail de négociation’.

Dans une première partie, l’auteur propose de renommer les trois théories de la négociation collective (collective bargaining theoriesde Chamberlain et Flanders) et d’y ajouter deux autres théories : les approches ‘marchandes’, ‘constitutionnelles’, ‘décisionnelles’, ‘rationnelles’ et ‘radicales’.

Dans une seconde partie, l’auteur commente les spécificités de ce ‘travail de négociation’. Il souligne son originalité : il ne peut s’effectuer solitairement; chacun est pour l’autre un adversaire, mais leur travail conjoint consiste à se muer en partenaires d’interaction; et il combine intra et internégociation.

Sont présentées, ensuite, les contraintes pesant sur les négociateurs, le travail de négociation consistant à en réduire le poids et les muer en ressources. Il les nomme ainsi : les contraintes de ‘normativité’, de ‘coopération’, de ‘réciprocité’ et ‘d’efficacité ‘.

L’auteur tire enfin quelques leçons de son approche : un, cela permet de la comparer à d’autres activités sociales, pour en comprendre l’originalité. Deux, saisie comme un travail, la négociation collective se prête moins à une lecture idéologique, oscillant entre déploration et dénonciation. Trois, une approche davantage poïétique éclaire les « échecs » du travail conjoint de régulation. Quatre, l’enquête sur ‘le travail’ de négociation collective peut se conjoindre à celle de ses représentations savantes, portant au jour les dilemmes pratiques qu’elles génèrent aux négociateurs.
A Comparison of Contemporary Human Resource Management and Employment Relations Practices of Japanese and US Multinational Corporation Subsidiaries: Evidence from Four Countries
Authors: Bartram Timothy , Adam Duncan , Edwards Tony , Jalette Patrice , Burgess John , Stanton Pauline
Published: February 2020

This paper compares Japanese and US multinational corporations (MNCs) on their deployment of human resource management (HRM) and employment relations (ER) practices within four countries. Debate about convergence is used to reconcile findings. The context is the shift from the dominance of the Japanese economy in the 1980s and early 1990s towards the renewed dominance of the US economy in more recent decades. We draw on data from representative, parallel surveys of MNCs operating in Canada, the UK, Spain and Australia to test a set of hypotheses examining similarities and differences between subsidiaries of Japanese and US MNCs in relation to management control across borders, remuneration, representation and worker involvement.

The findings demonstrate that, despite the pressures of globalization, and the partial movement away from traditional Japanese management practices in Japan, there are clear country of origin effects for Japanese and American MNCs. Results indicate that Japanese and US MNCs behave differently in terms of the control that they exercise, with Japanese firms exhibiting a greater tendency to use personal forms of control in their foreign subsidiaries and a lower tendency to use procedural forms of control. In terms of HRM practices, Japanese MNCs are distinctive in relation to pay systems. For example, they are less likely than their US counterparts to use performance-related pay and, more likely, to adopt non-union representative structures in subsidiaries.

In line with Kaufman (2016), we argue that the study’s findings provide evidence for the ‘converging divergence phenomenon’ in that both Japanese and US MNCs are adopting the most universal aspects of each other’s management practices and integrating them into their own unique systems of management in response to global market forces. We discuss the theoretical implications for the convergence and divergence of HRM and ER systems, and the development of such systems in Japanese and US MNC subsidiaries.
Une présence spectrale
Authors: Schmoller Jesko
Published: February 2020

Cet article porte sur l’image de l’État enOuzbékistan, telle qu’elle se dessine dans lesinteractions entre les citoyens ordinaires et les représentantsde l’État et telle qu’elle façonne celles-cien retour. Évoquant le service public, l’auteursuggère que nous pourrions considérerl’Ouzbékistan comme un État insaisissable, dont lecaractère fuyant se laisse percevoir dans le sentiment quel’État s’est éloigné de la populationet se reflète dans le comportement souvent exigeant desfonctionnaires autant que dans l’attitude implorante que prennentles gens qui s’adressent à l’État. Ceux quidécident de faire carrière dans le service public doiventd’abord franchir la distance entre l’État et lasociété, qui est surtout de nature temporelle.Après s’être assimilés à leur nouvelenvironnement, ils peuvent commencer à récolter leursrécompenses par des moyens illégaux.
Effect of Osteopathic Manipulative Therapy on Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Dixon Lindsay , Fotinos Kathryn , Sherifi Emilia , Lokuge Sachinthya , Fine Alexa , Furtado Melissa , Anand Leena , Liberatore Katharine , Katzman Martin A.
Published: February 2020

Context

Traditional management options for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) have produced low remission rates. As a result, the medical community has turned to complementary and alternative medicine for adjunctive treatment.

Objective

To investigate the efficacy of adjunctive osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMTh; manipulative care provided by foreign-trained osteopaths) in individuals with GAD.

Methods

This open-label, nonrandomized, black-box study took place at a tertiary care mental health clinic in Toronto, Canada. Adult outpatient participants aged 18 to 65 years with a primary diagnosis of moderate-severe GAD (HAM-A score of ≥20) with or without comorbidities were enrolled in the study between June 2014 and January 2015. Patients who qualified and completed the study received 5 individually tailored OMTh sessions over the course of 8 to 9 weeks. A diagnostic psychiatric assessment (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview version 6.0.0) was conducted to confirm diagnoses, along with physician-administered and self-reported measures of anxiety, including the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Intolerance for Uncertainty Scale.

Results

Significant reductions in total HAM-A scores after OMTh were observed (P<.0001). Significant reductions in total Intolerance for Uncertainty Scale scores were also observed (P<.0001). Beck Anxiety Inventory scores were not found to change significantly with OMTh. Response (defined as 50% reduction of symptoms) and remission (defined as HAM-A score of ≤7) rates were found to be 62% and 26.9%, respectively.

Conclusion

Osteopathic manipulative therapy may be a valuable adjunct to conventional therapy in patients with GAD, thus warranting further investigation using double-blind procedures.
Assessment and Management of Somatic Dysfunctions in Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Authors: Tramontano Marco , Pagnotta Simone , Lunghi Christian , Manzo Camilla , Manzo Francesca , Consolo Stefano , Manzo Vincenzo
Published: February 2020

Context

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common determinants of knee pain. The causes of PFPS are multifactorial, and most treatment approaches are conservative. There are many kinds of therapy for this syndrome, which are based on building strength, flexibility, proprioception, and endurance. Training is functional and progression is gradual. Our hypothesis is that total-body osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMTh; manipulative care provided by foreign-trained osteopaths) focused on the management of somatic dysfunctions could be useful for managing the pain of patients with PFPS.

Objective

To investigate the effect of OMTh on pain reduction in patients with PFPS.

Methods

This pilot study was randomized, controlled, and single-blinded with 2 months of follow-up. Qualified participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: OMTh group or placebo group. Each participant received either 4 sessions of OMTh or 4 sessions of manual placebo intervention that consisted of passive touching without joint mobilization in a protocolled order. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess general knee pain, peripatellar pain, pain after prolonged sitting, pain during the patellar compression test, and pain during stair ascent and descent. Pain assessment was performed before the baseline (T0), second (T1), third (T2), and fourth (T3) sessions, and follow-up (T4) was performed 8 weeks after T3.

Results

Thirty-five participants were enrolled the study. The VAS score was significantly reduced and clinically relevant in the OMTh group after each treatment and after 2 months of follow-up. The change in the VAS score before each treatment indicates that the most improved areas at T1 compared with T0 were lumbar and sacral with improvements in 83% and 40% of patients, respectively. At T2 compared with T1, the most improved areas were cervical and sacral with improvements found in 58% and 36% of patients, respectively. The number of dysfunctions that were diagnosed decreased during the baseline to T3 period (40% change). The correlation analysis showed significant results for the dysfunction and the compression test at T2 (P=.01, ρ=0.543).

Conclusion

Significant differences in VAS scores were found between the OMTh and placebo groups. These findings underline how OMTh can lead to reduced pain in patients with PFPS.
Progress of research into circular RNAs in urinary neoplasms
Authors: Wan Bangbei , Liu Bo , Lv Cai
Published: February 2020

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large class of endogenous RNA that form a covalently closed continuous loop without 5′ or 3′ tails and are diffusely expressed in mammalian cells. Through the development of high-throughput sequencing, microarray, and bioinformatics analyses, recent studies have shown that the expression of circRNAs is dysregulated in human tumor tissues and cells, as well as in the blood of patients, and closely correlates with the development of tumors. circRNAs can regulate the progression of tumors through various mechanisms. An increasing number of studies have shown that circRNAs may play critical roles in the early diagnosis, targeted therapy, and prognostic prediction of cancer as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. This review briefly describes the definitions and functions of circRNAs, and the main content includes the most recent progress in research into their function, regulation, and clinical relevance to bladder, renal, and prostate cancers. We also provide some novel ideas regarding the treatment of these diseases.
Determinants of Farmers’ Level Crop Productivity at Dumki Upazila under Patuakhali District
Authors: Mondal Shekhar , Akanda Md. Golam Rabbani , Haque A. T. M. Sanaul
Published: February 2020

The major aims of this study were mainly to determine and describe the extent of farmers’ crop productivity and also explore the relationship between the 12 selected characteristics of the farmers with their crop productivity level. The study was designed with a mixed-method approach where both qualitative and quantitative analyses are blended in a rational way to have a deeper understanding of research problems. The study was conducted in Dumki Upazilla under Patuakhali district, Bangladesh. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 110 farmers except landless engaged in crop production. Data were collected by face to face interview using a pre-tested interview schedule during the period from March 10 to April 15, 2016. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical measures and computer software like SPSS. Pearson's Product Moment coefficient of correlation results showed that out of 12 independent variables, the correlation coefficients of 7 variables had a positive and significant relationship with their level of crop productivity. The stepwise multiple regression analyses stated that only 4 variables such as communication exposure, innovativeness, risk orientation and training experience had a significant contribution to the farmers' crop productivity level and also accounted for 52.8 per cent of the total variation in productivity index. This study also showed some problems which were faced by the farmers during crop production. If these problems can be solved, the farmers’ crop productivity level will be increased.
Oral Site Specific Sampling Reveals Differential Location for Scardovia wiggsiae
Authors: Carr Graydon , Alexander Arvin , Nguyen Linh , Kingsley Karl
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The newly discovered cariogenic pathogen Scardovia wiggsiae has been the subject of intense scientific interest due to the role it may play in the development or progression of caries and oral disease. The primary objective of this study was to perform DNA microbial screening from five specific oral sites, including the gingival crevice between the upper central incisors, biofilm of the upper first molar and lingual incisor, as well as the dorsum of the tongue – for comparison with unstimulated saliva. These data may provide significant insights into site-specific oral locations that harbor S. wiggsiae.

Methods: More than one hundred previously collected clinical samples (n=105) were identified for inclusion in this study. DNA isolates were screened using a NanoDrop spectrophotometer to determine overall DNA quantity and quality. Samples with sufficient quality and quantity were screened for the presence of S. wiggsiae using validated PCR primers.

Results: More than one hundred patient samples (n=105) were identified, which were comprised of mostly female (57%) versus male (43%) and minority (71%) versus White (29%). The average DNA concentrations ranged between 13.74 and 14.69 mg/mL, with A260:A280 ratios ranging between 1.62 – 1.70. Results of molecular screening using S. wiggsiae specific primers demonstrated only a small percentage of pooled samples (7.6%) harbored this DNA, which was highly concentrated among the samples from tooth surfaces (Upper First Molar, Lingual Incisor) and saliva compared with the gingival crevice and dorsum of the tongue.

Discussion: These data provide novel information regarding specific oral locations, including tooth surfaces that harbor S. wiggsiae. In addition, these sites also provide new information regarding oral sites that do not appear to harbor this organism, including the gingival crevice and dorsum of the tongue. This information may be particularly useful to oral health researchers as they strive to limit and reduce the cariogenic microbiome among high-risk populations.
SELECTION AND EVALUATION SUPPLIER BY CONTRACTOR: CASE STUDY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Haryanto Andi Theo , Nugraha Paul , Widyadana I Gede Agus
Published: February 2020

This research will discuss about contractors with concrete suppliers and formwork suppliers. The research is conducted to look for ranking criteria and sub-criteria used by contractors to selecting and evaluating concrete and formwork suppliers. The criteria and sub-criteria are refer to Ho et al., (2007) and three new sub-criteria are added, which are a guarantee, lowest price guarantee, and payment term. The contractor classification is divided into four namely general classification, NPK classification consisting of non-classification; individual; small business, medium business classification, and big business classification. Ranking for criteria and sub-criteria are sought based on the mean value for each classification material both in the context of selection and evaluation. After finding the ranking, it is sought whether there is a difference of importance between the NPK classification, middle, and large of the priority sub-criteria in general classification using the Kruskal Wallis test.
Dundrennan Abbey: archaeological investigation within the south range of a Cistercian house in Kirkcudbrightshire (Dumfries & Galloway), Scotland
Authors: Ewart Gordon , Carter Stephen , Crowley Naomi , Dunn Andrew , Kenward Harry , Mills Coralie , O'Sullivan Tanya , Radley Alan , Rankin Dorothy , Will Robert , Associates Geoquest , Connolly David , Céron-Carrasco Ruby
Published: February 2020

The remains of the south-west corner of the 12th-century Cistercian abbey cloister at Dundrennan (National Grid Reference: NX 7492 4750) were cleared of rubble and 19th-century landscaping infill over four seasons of fieldwork in the early 1990s. Elements of the warming house, novice's day room, great drain and latrine block undercroft were revealed. Coupled with a short programme of geophysical survey and test-trenching, new evidence of the sequence of building for the abbey was revealed by excavation. The project was funded by Historic Scotland.
Sketching while narrating as a tool to detect deceit
Authors: Vrij Aldert , Mann Samantha , Leal Sharon , Fisher Ronald P. , Deeb Haneen
Published: February 2020

In none of the deception studies that used drawings to date, was the effect of sketching on both speech content and drawing content examined, making it unclear what the full potential is of the use of drawings as a lie detection tool. A total of 122 truth tellers and liars took part in the study who did or did not sketch while narrating their allegedly experienced event. We formulated hypotheses about the total amount of information and number of complications reported and about various features of the drawings. Participants in the Sketch‐present condition provided more information than participants in the Sketch‐absent condition, and truth tellers reported more details than liars, but only in the Sketch‐present condition. In contrast to previous research, no Veracity differences occurred regarding the content of the drawings, perhaps because sketching was introduced as a tool that facilitated verbal recall and not as a stand‐alone tool.