bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing The Implementation of Teacher Performance Assessment In Indonesia’s Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Society Era 5.0
Authors: Mardiyah Mardiyah , Abu Bakar M. Yunus
Published: January 2025

An efforts needs to be taken by a nation to improve education in pursuing advancement and developments in science and technology. We are currently entering the period of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the Era of Society 5.0, in which it is necessary for people to use creativity and technology to solve social problems. The goal of this discussion is to identify the most relevant HR supervision theories for the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the Society 5.0 eras in order to raise the standard of instructors by requiring them to understand technology. This research was carried out using the library research method which consisted of determining the theme of the discussion, finding reference sources according to the theme of the discussion, compiling the contents of the material, and concluding the results of several reference articles. The theory applied was the relationship between the HR supervision function and teacher quality in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 and the era of society 5.0. The results of the discussion indicate the need for renewal. Education and training need to be packaged into an activity that is able to improve mindsets, new innovations, as well as teachers' mastery of technology in schools, so as to create modern learning according to the needs of the times.
Transformation of Pesantren Education as a Starting Point for Religious Moderation in Indonesia
Authors: Hadi Abdul , Syairozi Ishak , Oktapiani Marliza
Published: January 2025

As a cornerstone of education in Indonesia, Pesantren education has a significant historical and cultural role in shaping religious understanding and national character. Today, pesantren are not only centers of knowledge, da'wah (preaching), and community development but also agents of change in thought and attitude towards civility and humanity. However, this latter role has not yet been fully realized. This study explores how the transformation of pesantren education can serve as a starting point towards religious moderation, specifically in transforming understanding and attitudes to ensure that students become moderate in line with the goals of religious education in Indonesia. This study employs a qualitative method with a case study design, collecting data through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation at several pesantren in West Java, Indonesia. Curriculum development is identified as part of the transformation process. Collected data are analyzed thematically to uncover the main patterns and impacts of the transformation on students' moderate understanding and attitudes. The study finds that pesantren offering formal education with an integrated national and local curriculum impacts students' moderate understanding and attitudes in four aspects: national commitment, tolerance, anti-violence, and friendliness towards local culture.
Asociación entre estilos de vida y estado nutricional antropométrico en pacientes del PANTBC de los Centros de Salud del Distrito Los Olivos 2023
Authors:   , Castañeda Pariona Thalia Rosa , Lujan Cardenas Kaila
Published: January 2025

Introducción: La tuberculosis, causada por Mycobacterium tuberculosis afecta principalmente a los pulmones, es una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad mundial, siendo un problema de salud pública creciente en el Perú. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre los estilos de vida y estado nutricional antropométrico en pacientes del PANTBC de los Centros de Salud del Distrito de Los Olivos 2023. Materiales y métodos: El estudio es de enfoque cuantitativo, nivel correlacional y diseño no experimental transversal. En esta investigación la muestra estuvo constituida por 125 pacientes del programa PANTBC de los Centros de Salud del Distrito de Los Olivos 2023. Resultados: Respecto a la variable estilos de vida, el 75.2% de los participantes presentaron un estilo de vida suficiente; sin embargo, la dimensión de ejercicios presenta un nivel deficiente en un 87.2%. Respecto a autorrealización, el 56.8% alcanzó un nivel suficiente. Respecto a los resultados del estado nutricional, se observó un bajo riesgo en el perímetro abdominal en el 57.6% de los casos, mientras que el 32.8% tenía un IMC normal; asimismo, se identificó un alto porcentaje (84.8%) de participantes que presentaron un estado nutricional normal según el PCT; sin embargo, el 32.85% presentó desnutrición severa según la circunferencia muscular del brazo (CMB). Conclusión: La investigación concluye que existen correlaciones significativas entre el estilo de vida y el perímetro abdominal (PA), así como con el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), evidenciando la influencia directa de las prácticas de vida en aspectos clave de la salud nutricional.
Impacto en los hábitos alimentarios y la actividad física tras el confinamiento de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la población adulta de 25 a 64 años de dos centros de salud del distrito de San Juan de Miraflores en Lima
Authors:   , Costa Vasquez Claudia Maria de los Angeles , Hernandez Rejas Fernando Daniel
Published: January 2025

La pandemia por COVID-19 generó vulnerabilidad en la población mostrando una crisis de salud, social y económica. Estos han ocasionado alteraciones en la seguridad alimentaria. El objetivo del presente estudio es observar los cambios que se dieron en la percepción de la alimentación y la actividad física (AF) de adultos atendidos en dos centros de salud del distrito de San Juan de Miraflores. Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental de corte longitudinal, el análisis estadístico utilizo IBM SPSS Stadistics 26. La población estuvo conformada por 204 participantes y se recolecto los datos a través dos cuestionarios de hábitos alimentarios y de actividad física, así como se recolectaron los datos de peso y talla de las historias clínicas. Hubo mayor presencia del sexo femenino (82,8%), entre 30-59 años (64,7%), manifestaron una ingesta mayor de alimentos (70,6%). Los alimentos con mayor consumo fueron los productos horneados (21,1%) y menestras (19,4%), las bebidas más consumidas fueron jugos/refrescos naturales (32,2%) y agua (29,8%). Se mostro incremento del Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) post confinamiento (p = 0,000), la percepción de alimentación post confinamiento fue más saludable (p < 0,001), la variación del nivel de actividad física evidencio un incremento post confinamiento (p=0,000), la proporción de personas que desarrollaron actividad física no presentaron diferencia (p=0,409). Se concluye que existen cambios significativos en los hábitos alimentarios y actividad física con relación al confinamiento por pandemia de COVID-19.
Factores asociados a la percepción de la importancia de la investigación y a las limitaciones de la publicación científica en estudiantes de medicina humana
Authors:   , Luna Centeno Camila de los Angeles
Published: January 2025

Introducción: Los estudiantes de medicina (EM) perciben la importancia de la investigación y las limitaciones de la publicación científica de formas variadas. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la percepción de la importancia de la investigación y de las limitaciones de la publicación científica en EM de universidades peruanas. Metodología: Estudio transversal analítico de datos secundarios. El estudio primario encuestó a EM de ocho universidades peruanas entre 2017-2018. Recolectó datos sociodemográficos, académicos y de desarrollo científico. Para las variables principales se preguntó varios ítems en escala de Likert. Se utilizó la prueba de Chi-cuadrado y regresión de Poisson para hallar asociación entre los posibles factores asociados y las variables desenlaces. Resultados: Se analizó los datos de 817 encuestas. Estudiar en una universidad privada (RP: 1.04, IC95%: 1.02-1.06), pertenecer a una sociedad científica de EM (RP: 1.03, IC95%: 1.01-1.05), y haber publicado un trabajo de investigación (RP: 0.96, IC95%: 0.92-1.00) y haber asistido a un evento científico (RP: 1.02, IC95%: 1.00-1.04) estuvieron asociados a percibir que es importante la investigación. Además, el estudiar en una universidad privada (RP: 1.05, IC95%: 1.02-1.07), haber publicado un trabajo de investigación (RP: 0.94, IC95%: 0.89-0.99) y haber estado cursando categoría curricular clínica (RP: 1.04, IC95%: 1.01-1.07) se asociaron con percibir que existen limitaciones importantes para realizar publicaciones científicas. Conclusión: Los EM de varias universidades en Perú consideraron importante investigar, y se asoció a ser de universidades nacionales, pertenecer a una sociedad científica de EM y haber publicado un trabajo de investigación. Además, perciben limitaciones importantes para publicar y se asoció a estudiar en una universidad privada, haber publicado un trabajo de investigación y haber estado cursando categoría curricular clínica.
Comparación de la recidiva del tratamiento ortodóncico con alineadores versus la aparatología fija convencional. Una revisión sistemática
Authors:   , Regalado Bazan Christian Fabrizio , Espichan Salazar Andrea Carolina
Published: January 2025

Los alineadores son una alternativa que actualmente vienen siendo muy usados en el tratamiento ortodóncico, sin embargo, la recidiva post-tratamiento no ha sido explorada de una manera comparativa. Objetivo: Comparar la recidiva post tratamiento de ortodoncia realizada con alineadores dentales versus ortodoncia convencional con brackets a través de una revisión sistemática. Materiales y métodos: Una búsqueda exhaustiva se realizó en las bases de datos de MEDLINE (Vía PubMed), EBSCO, SCOPUS y EMBASE, hasta el 30 de setiembre de 2023. Un total de 522 artículos fueron encontrados en las bases de datos, luego de aplicar los criterios de selección se eligieron 24 artículos para evaluar el texto completo. Al final de la evaluación, solo tres investigaciones fueron consideradas, dos estudios observacionales y un ensayo clínico aleatorizado. Las herramientas Newcastle Ottawa y ROB-2 se utilizaron para evaluar el riesgo de sesgo. Resultados: De los tres estudios, sólo uno (evaluado tres años post ortodoncia) identificó diferencia significativa en la recidiva de la alineación total, alineación anterior maxilar y mandibular con ventaja de utilizar ortodoncia convencional. Los otros dos (uno evaluado seis meses y el otro estudio dos años post ortodoncia) no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Además, ambos grupos presentaron leve recidiva relacionada con el desprendimiento del retenedor fijo. Conclusiones: La evidencia científica indica que hay pocos estudios que comparen la recidiva post-tratamiento de ortodoncia entre el uso de alineadores dentales y la ortodoncia convencional con brackets, y los estudios existentes tienen un alto o moderado riesgo de sesgo. Aparentemente, no hay una diferencia significativa en la recidiva entre ambos grupos, sugiriendo resultados de estabilidad similares. Sin embargo, se requieren más estudios bien diseñados para confirmar esta observación.
Impacto de la capacitación del personal en la productividad laboral del área operativa en una empresa del rubro minero (Pasco-Perú), 2023
Authors:   , Castillo Alvarez Maribel Yeny , Vidal Alvarez Rossio del Pilar
Published: January 2025

El estudio titulado Impacto de la capacitación del personal en la productividad laboral del Área Operativa en una empresa del rubro minero (Pasco-Perú), 2023 tiene como objetivo general examinar el efecto de la capacitación del personal en la productividad laboral del Área Operativa bajo estudio. El diseño de la investigación adoptado fue de carácter no experimental, transversal y correlacional-causal, empleando un enfoque cuantitativo. La población y muestra del estudio estuvieron compuestas por colaboradores pertenecientes al Área Operativa de la empresa minera, siendo seleccionada una muestra de 200 participantes. A través de este estudio, se recopiló información relevante acerca del impacto de la capacitación del personal en la productividad laboral de los colaboradores en la organización objeto de análisis. Como resultado, se pudo concluir que la capacitación del personal ejerce una influencia directa y significativa en la productividad laboral del personal del Área Operativa en la empresa minera. Estos hallazgos se encuentran respaldados por la relación causal establecida, la cual se evidencia a través del coeficiente de Nagelkerke de 0.896 (89.6%); en síntesis, se valida la hipótesis alterna que sostiene el impacto directo y significativo de una variable sobre la otra.
Cánula de alto flujo y ventilación no invasiva en pacientes extubados por covid-19 severo y riesgo a reintubación
Authors:   , Munarriz Ticona Abraham Christian
Published: January 2025

Introducción: La oxigenoterapia de alto flujo (OAF) y la ventilación no invasiva (VNI) son sistemas no invasivos que se administran post-extubación en pacientes COVID-19 para evitar la reintubación. Sin embargo, la evidencia sobre la elección de alguno de estos dispositivos no está muy clara. El objetivo fue determinar si el grupo que recibió OAF comparado con el grupo que recibió VNI se asocia a menor riesgo de reintubación en adultos con destete dificil y extubados por COVID-19. Material y métodos: Estudio cohorte retrospectivo en 206 registros de pacientes en destete dificil de ventilación mecánica en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). El resultado primario fue reintubación en pacientes que fracasaron con OAF o VNI post-extubación y los resultados secundarios fueron estancia hospitalaria en UCI y mortalidad a los 90 días. Resultados: Doscientos seis pacientes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, 102 pacientes en el grupo OAF y 104 pacientes en el grupo VNI. Durante el seguimiento de 72 horas, la tasa de reintubación en el grupo OAF fue mayor [n=24 (64,9%)] comparado con el grupo VNI [n=13 (35,1%)], mostrando en el análisis de Kaplan-Meier diferencias significativas (Log-Rank-Test p=0,005). La regresión de COX mostró mayor riesgo de reintubación en el grupo de OAF frente a VNI (HR 2,74; IC95% 1,42-5,68; p=0,007). No hubo diferencias en los días de hospitalización UCI (p=0,913) ni en mortalidad a los 90 días (Log-Rank-Test p=0,49). Conclusión: Este estudio observacional retrospectivo sugirió que la OAF frente al VNI se asoció a mayor riesgo de reintubación, pero no a mortalidad a los 90 días.
FMD RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN ACEH INDONESIA: A TECHNICAL NOTE
Authors: AK M. Daud , Abrar Mahdi , Ferasyi Teuku Reza
Published: January 2025

This study aims to offer a detailed technical note thorough examination of the pioneering and effectiveness of FMD immediate diagnostic tests in Aceh, Indonesia. We discuss the key components of these tests, including their sensitivity, specificity, and practicality in resource-limited settings. Furthermore, we explore the challenges and opportunities associated with adopting these tests locally and highlight their potential impact on FMD surveillance and control efforts. The findings presented in this technical note contribute to the ongoing efforts to combat FMD in Aceh, providing valuable insights into using rapid diagnostic tests as a vital tool in disease management strategies. The results showed that the FMD rapid diagnostic test kit has limited sensitivity in detecting early clinical signs of FMD in cattle in Aceh. Therefore, Further examination with laboratory molecular detection methods is needed.
An analysis of the Kumaraswamy distribution for multi-objective probabilistic linear fractional programming problem
Authors: ALAMA HAMEDA MOHAMED , ALSHRANI MUSTAFA OMRAN
Published: January 2025

A technique for solving a multi-objective probabilistic linear fractional programming MOPLFP problem is presented, a Kumaraswamy distribution describes the parameters of the right-hand constraints. There is no direct solution to the MOPLFP problem. Three steps are needed to transform the proposed model into a known standard mathematical model. To illustrate the method, a numerical example and a practical example in the case of supply chain management are presented. The results indicate that the objective functions have dominant solutions.
AMS Subject Classiffcation: 90C15; 90C29; 90C32.
Haplotype-resolved telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of a male Dioscorea alata cultivar provides insights into sex determination mechanism
Authors: Dossa Komivi , Su Xiaojun , Zoclanclounon Yedomon Ange Bovys , Chen Yao , Nawaz Muhammad Amjad , Ni Peng , Qiu Ting , Chen Gang , Malédon Erick , Gravillon Marie-Claire , Perrot Christophe , Nudol Elie , Laurent Lévy , Diouf Moussa , Dobrev Petre I. , Karikari Benjamin , Fouks Bertrand , Arnau Gemma , Mournet Pierre , Wang Jianxin , Santoni Sylvain , Chair Hana
Published: January 2025

Background: Dioecy presents significant challenges in plant breeding and evolutionary biology. In Dioscorea alata L., the most widely cultivated yam species, dioecy (XY system) and a significant male-biased sex ratio hinder breeding efforts by restricting parental combinations and limiting genetic progress. To address these challenges, we present a high-quality, phased, telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of the male cultivar ‘Kabusa’, comprising 40 chromosomes and totaling 958 Mb. This resource facilitates detailed exploration of haplotype variation and the molecular basis of sex determination.
Results: HaplotypeA includes the Y chromosome (DalaChr6A), which shows early-stage heteromorphism, characterized by a slight size reduction and a centromere shift compared to the X chromosome. Comparative genomic analysis revealed a sex chromosome turnover in Dioscorea. The sex-determination region (SDR) was refined to ~7.6 Mb, accounting for ~44% of the sex chromosomes. This region corresponds to a pericentric inversion enriched with male-specific variants and sex-specific genes. Among the 455 genes annotated in the SDR, 88 were identified as sex-linked candidates with sex-biased expression, many involved in flower organ development. Notably, a Y-encoded COI1 gene was identified as a potential regulator of jasmonic acid (JA) signaling. Male flowers exhibited JA-Ile concentrations three times higher than female flowers, and gene expression analyses implicated the JA biosynthesis and signaling pathway in sex phenotype determination.
Conclusions: This study contributes to increase the knowledge on sex determination of dioecious plants, particularly in D. alata. It delivers a gold-standard genome reference for the Dioscorea genus that will accelerate genetic improvement and breeding initiatives.
Assessment of pyrethroid resistance and Wolbachia prevalence in pathogen-related mosquito species from south west Germany.
Authors: Portwood Natalie M , Schwan Theresa , Pugglioli Arianna , Becker Norbert , Ingham Victoria A
Published: January 2025

Background:
The increasing incidence of arboviral diseases in Europe, driven by the expansion of mosquito vectors due to globalisation and global warming, poses a growing threat to public health. Notably, the invasive tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, a primary vector of dengue, has been rapidly expanding its range, with outbreaks becoming more frequent in various parts of the world. Insecticides targeting adult mosquitoes are commonly employed as response and protective measures for vector control, but the effectiveness of such interventions may be undermined by rising insecticide resistance, a phenomenon increasingly reported worldwide. Another promising avenue for vector control is the use of Wolbachia, an endosymbiotic bacterium capable of reproductive manipulation in mosquitoes, offering potential for population suppression.
Methods:
We evaluated permethrin (a pyrethroid insecticide) resistance in key mosquito species, including Aedes and Culex, collected from Germany and Italy through generation of LC50 curves utilising topical exposure assays. Additionally, the prevalence of Wolbachia in these populations was determined via PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, followed by sequencing of selected samples.
Results:
All Aedes populations tested exhibited susceptibility to permethrin, whilst a potential trend toward resistance was observed in the Culex pipiens complex, a vector of West Nile virus. Furthermore, Wolbachia was detected across all tested mosquito populations, marking the first recorded presence of Wolbachia in Aedes japonicus.
Conclusion:
These findings highlight the continued efficacy of pyrethroids against Aedes populations in Germany and underscore the need for ongoing surveillance of insecticide resistance, particularly in Culex species. Additionally, the detection of Wolbachia in native and invasive mosquito populations opens new avenues for the exploration of biological vector control strategies in Europe. This study provides crucial preliminary data supporting the strategic use of pyrethroids and Wolbachia for arboviral outbreak prevention in Germany.
The Relationship Between Household Income and Obesity Among Older Adults: Investigating the Moderating Role of Race
Authors: Folorunsho Sunkanmi
Published: January 2025

Obesity, a leading global health concern, disproportionately impacts older adults. This study explores the relationship between household income and obesity (BMI ≥ 30) among U.S. adults aged 65 and older, using data from the 2020 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative dataset. Logistic regression models and predictive margins illustrate disparities, with participants categorized into income quartiles and analyzed across three racial/ethnic groups: Non-Hispanic White (NHW), Non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanic. Results show that lower-income older adults face significantly higher obesity rates, with those in the lowest income quartile having 1.72 times greater odds of obesity compared to higher-income individuals. NHBs consistently exhibit the highest obesity prevalence across all income levels, followed by Hispanics, while NHWs report the lowest rates. Even among higher-income NHBs, obesity remains elevated, highlighting the role of structural barriers such as food deserts, healthcare disparities, and chronic stress from systemic racism. The income-obesity relationship differs by race/ethnicity. For NHWs, obesity decreases steadily with higher income, while NHBs show persistently high rates regardless of income, and Hispanics display mixed patterns influenced by cultural and environmental factors. These findings suggest that addressing income disparities alone may not suffice to reduce obesity among minority groups, as systemic inequities persist. Targeted interventions are needed to address these structural barriers. Policies promoting access to healthy food, recreational spaces, and preventive healthcare in underserved minority communities are critical to mitigating obesity disparities in older adults.
Differential associations between cytokine and complement proteins in the clinical high risk and first episode stages of psychosis: Blood based investigation across three international studies of psychosis: NEURAPRO, STEP and OPTiMiSE
Authors: Susai Subash , Davis Rachel , Mongan David , Föcking Melanie , Heurich Meike , Cagney Gerard , Gilheany Joshua , Murphy Jennifer , Cannon Mary , Ward Joseph , Yung Alison R. , Thompson Andrew , Riecher-Rössler Anita , Nelson Barnaby , Markulev Connie , Nieman Dorien , Chen Eric Y H , Berger Gregor , Hickie Ian , Blasioli Julie , de Haan Lieuwe , Berger Maximus , Nordentoft Merete , Schäfer Miriam , Schlögelhofer Monika , Mossaheb Nilufar , Street Rebekah , Smesny Stefan , Verma Swapna , Egerton Alice , Rujescu Dan , Gifford George W , VAN-ROSSUM Inge WINTER , Leboyer Marion , Weiser Mark , Dazzan Paola , McGuire Philip , Unwin Richard D , Jamain Stéphane , Pollak Thomas , Whetton Tony , Amminger G Paul , Cotter David
Published: January 2025

Dysregulation of inflammatory mediators and complement cascade proteins has been implicated in psychosis. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between complement cascade proteins and inflammatory cytokines in blood from people at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and at first episode of psychosis (FEP). Baseline blood samples from two cohorts of CHR participants [NEURAPRO (n = 153) and STEP (n = 146)], and one cohort of FEP patients [OPTiMiSE (n = 226)] were included. The blood levels of three Inflammatory markers including Interleukin (IL)-6, Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) along with about 30 complement proteins were considered for the analyses. First, we evaluated the interrelationship between the inflammatory markers and then using regression models, we investigated their association with complement proteins. We detected positive associations among all three inflammatory markers IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP in CHR individuals, whereas in FEP positive association was observed only between IL-6 and TNF-α. Regression models showed strong positive associations for complement proteins C3, C4A, C4B, C5, CFB and CFI with all three inflammatory markers in both CHR cohorts. This indicates the presence of a complement related pro-inflammatory tone at risk of developing psychosis. In contrast, in the FEP cohort, complement proteins C1QA, C3, C5, FCN-2, and MASP2 showed an inverse association with TNF-α, and no association found with IL-6 or CRP. These results suggest a switch in the immune activity in the peripheral circulation of FEP compared to CHR. These novel findings propose that complement protein-targeted anti-inflammatory therapy could be effective at CHR state and hence could be used for early intervention in psychosis.
A nomogram for predicting plastic bronchitis in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Min Jie , Gong Liang , Gao Keyu
Published: January 2025

Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a severe complication of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). However, clinical factors predicting the occurrence of PB in MPP children have rarely been studied. The goal of this study was to establish a nomogram model to predict early PB in MPP children. We retrospectively analyzed data from MPP children who underwent electronic bronchoscopy at the Affiliated Xuzhou Children's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between January 2023 and June 2024. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to screen for risk factors for plastic bronchitis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to construct the prediction model, which was visualized as a nomogram. The data were divided at random into a training cohort (70%) and a validation cohort (30%). A total of 212 children were included, of whom 72 (33.9%) developed PB following an MPP diagnosis. According to univariate analysis, thirteen factors were associated with PB. Six independent risk factors were identified in the training cohort using LASSO and multivariate logistic regression analyses: the neutrophil ratio (N%), the eosinophil ratio (E%), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer, and the neutrophil‒lymphocyte ratio (NLR). A graphical nomogram was subsequently developed. The nomogram demonstrated good discrimination, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.688 (95% confidence interval 0.597–0.780) in the training cohort and 0.705 (95% confidence interval 0.562–0.847) in the validation cohort. Decision curve analysis (DCA) validated the fitness and clinical application value of this nomogram. Internal validation revealed that the validation cohort was in good accordance with the training cohort. This nomogram prediction model aids in the early identification of PB among MPP children, thereby facilitating early management and improving clinical outcomes.
Association between Advanced lung cancer inflammation index and all- cause mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis: analysis of the MIMIC- IV database
Authors: Zhang Lei , Li Minye , Liu Jianfei , Zhao Zhanwei , Zhou Lijun
Published: January 2025

Background
This study aimed to explore the association between the advanced lung cancer inflammation (ALI) index and the risk of mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis.
Methods
This retrospective study included 6489 critically ill patients with sepsis from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database. The participants were grouped into four groups according to the ALI index quartiles. The outcome was in-hospital mortality and ICU mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and restricted cubic spline regression was used to evaluate the association between the ALI index and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis.
Results
A total of 6489 patients (59.1% male) were included in the study. The in-hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality were 25.4% and 19.0%, respectively. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that the ALI index was independently associated with to all-cause mortality. After confounders adjusting, patients with an elevated ALI index had a significant association with hospital mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.990; 95% confidence interval, 0.985–0.996; P < 0.001) and ICU mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.991; 95% confidence interval, 0.985–0.997; P = 0.004). Restricted cubic splines revealed a non-linear association between ALI and all-cause mortality in sepsis patients.
Conclusion
Our study indicates that the ALI index has a significant association with hospital and ICU all-cause mortality in critically ill sepsis patients. However, further confirmation of these findings necessitates larger prospective studies.
Establish and validate a nomogram prognostic model for young patients with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tian Guo , Li Yu , Cao Lei , Cao Feng
Published: January 2025

A nomogram model was established and validated to predict the prognosis of young patients with stage IV LUAD at initial diagnosis individually and precisely, demonstrating superior performance to the traditional TNM staging system. This study included young patients diagnosed with stage IV LUAD from 2010 to 2015 in the SEER database, which divided into training cohort and internal validation cohort. Additional patients from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University were included as the external validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed in the training cohort to identify independent risk factors affecting survival, which was used to establish a nomogram model. The effectiveness of the model was evaluated by C-index, calibration curve, ROC curve, DCA curve, and Kaplan-Meier survival curve. DCA analysis indicated that the model's net benefit was significantly higher than that of the TNM staging system. In clinical work, this model provides valuable guidance and accurate prediction for the condition assessment and treatment decision of these patients.
C-arm cone beam computed tomography needle path overlay for fluoroscopic guided screw placement on spinal lesion
Authors: Ohashi Hiroki , Morita Kohei , Kawamura Daichi , Hatano Keisuke , Yamana Satoshi , Murayama Yuichi
Published: January 2025

Purpose Screw placement in the spinal region is very vital, the navigation guided surgery using fluoroscopy or Computed Tomography (CT) have been developed. A technology that reflects planning in fluoroscopy in real time using CT images from the C-arm has also arisen, and we planned to apply needle guidance to safely perform surgery for the treatment of odontoid process fractures and pedicle screw placement, and analyze the results.Methods We utilized an intraoperative support system using overlay technology with C-arm's cone beam CT (CBCT) for three cases in which planning by needle guidance was effective among the surgical cases admitted to our institution from Feb. 2017 to Jun. Case1: A 26-year-old man, Anderson type 2 odontoid fracture. Case2: A 75-year-old woman, atlantoaxial dislocation. Case3: A 66-year-old man, vertebral arch fracture. In each case, the magnitude of the difference between the planned placement schedule and the actual placement part in the postoperative image were measured.Results Case1: The deviation of the target point was 2.57 mm. Case2: The deviation of the target point was 0.71 mm on the right side of C1, 0.98 mm on the left side of C1, 0.35 mm on the right side of C2, and 0.31 mm on the left side of C2. The average deviation from the target was 0.59 mm. Case 3: The deviation of the target point was 0.88 mm on the right side of L3, 2.21 mm on the left side of L3, 2.37 mm on the right side of L5, 1.85 mm on the left side of L5. The total average deviation was 1.83 mm. There were no major complications.Conclusion Overlay technology, like needle guidance can be applied not only to biopsy but also to the placement of the odontoid process and pedicle screw for safe surgery. In addition to reducing invasiveness, in our cases it does not require an independent navigation system, and is easy to introduce and implement even in small-scale facilities.
Clinical usefulness of nutritional and immunological indices to distinguish gallbladder carcinoma from benign disease
Authors: Ogawa Daisuke , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Yumoto Shinsei , Itoyama Rumi , Kitano Yuki , Nakagawa Shigeki , Okabe Hirohisa , Iwatsuki Masaaki
Published: January 2025

Background
It is challenging to accurately and preoperatively diagnose gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) because patients are often asymptomatic or present with nonspecific symptoms that mimic common benign diseases in radiological findings. In this study, we evaluated the clinical usefulness of nutritional and immunological indices to distinguish GBC from benign disease.
Methods
This study included 113 patients who underwent surgical resection for suspected GBC (37 benign and 76 GBC cases by pathological diagnosis). As the nutritional and immunological indices, the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and prognostic nutrition index (PNI) were examined, and their usefulness in distinguishing GBC from benign disease was determined using logistic regression analyses.
Results
GBC cases displayed significantly worse nutritional and immunological status in the GNRI, mGPS, NLR, PLR, and PNI compared with those of the benign cases. As the predictive factors to distinguish GBC from benign disease, age > 75 years, GNRI < 101.7, and PLR ≥ 1.76 were identified by multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Conclusion
Patients with GBC showed poor nutritional or immunological status compared with patients with benign disease, and a low GNRI and high PLR may be noninvasive predictors of GBC.
Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV) inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS): A case study
Authors: Choi Ming Hong , Leung Ching See , To Pui Yee , Lai Shui Wun , Chan Man Chun , Chik Thomas Siu Hong , Lau Daphne Pui Ling , Au Elaine Yuen Ling , Yuen Kwok Yung , Hung Fan Ngai Ivan , Tsang Tak Yin
Published: January 2025

Background:
Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus-inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS) is an exceedingly rare and complex condition characterised by the co-occurrence of Kaposi sarcoma and an aberrant inflammatory response mediated by cytokines with a mortality rate up to 60%1. We present a meticulously documented case report that sheds light on the distinct clinical manifestations and diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with this syndrome. Our report highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis, comprehensive management strategies, and the need for further research to elucidate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
Case Presentation:
We present the case of a 59-year-old British male with a well-controlled HIV infection on Biktarvy who exhibited fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly, along with a purplish plaque on the right plantar. Further investigations revealed anaemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hyponatremia, elevated inflammatory markers, and a high HHV-8 level. Diagnosis of HHV-8 positive lymph nodes and Kaposi sarcoma on the plantar aspect was confirmed. The patient was treated with Foscarnet, steroid, Rituximab, Tocilizumab, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and Paclitaxel, reducing viral load and improving cell count. This case highlights the complexities of managing Kaposi sarcoma within the realm of immune complex syndrome.
Conclusions:
Our case report underscores the critical need for heightened awareness and recognition of KICS, given its rarity and unique clinical characteristics. By elucidating the complex interrelationships between Kaposi sarcoma, inflammatory cytokines, and immune dysregulation, we aim to contribute to the existing knowledge base and facilitate improved diagnosis, management, and therapeutic interventions for this challenging syndrome. Further research is warranted to explore novel treatment modalities and unravel the underlying mechanisms driving KICS.
Spontaneous regression of a traumatic cataract in a patient with penetrating corneal injury: a case report
Authors: Diao Liqian , Gao Meng , Wang Jiangjie , Jiang Xiaopeng , Zhou Xiangyu , Si Shancheng , Xia Fei
Published: January 2025

Background: We present the case report of a patient who experienced spontaneous resolution of a cataract following a penetrating corneal injury. This case underscores the potential value of conservative treatment, offering a favorable outcome for both patient and surgeon without requiring surgical intervention.
Case presentation ：A 27-year-old man presented with a corneal perforation injury and traumatic cataract in his left eye caused by a relatively clean wire. The patient was managed conservatively with antibiotics, corticosteroids, and compression bandages without surgical intervention. Remarkably, by the fourth day post-injury, the lens opacity began to resolve, and visual acuity in the injured eye improved from 20/500 to 20/20. Subsequent follow-up visits revealed no recurrence of cataracts or vision loss.
Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of considering age, clinical condition, accommodation capacity, and prognosis when determining the treatment approach for cataracts. Conservative management that preserves the lens may be beneficial for young patients with traumatic cataracts while avoiding surgical intervention.
Design and Fabrication of Soft Prosthetic Hand
Authors: Ahmed Tanveer , Habibullah  , Shah Alishba , Soomro Abdul Qayoom , Soomro Afaque Manzoor , Randhawa Umar
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on the development of soft robotic hand designed to aid individuals with hand disabilities, particularly those paralyzed due to strokes. Globally, strokes affect 15 million people annually, leading to 5 million deaths and leaving another 5 million with permanent disabilities that significantly impact their lives and communities. The soft robotic hand developed attempts to addresses the limitations of traditional robotic hands through the use of PneuNets, a pneumatic network framework that mimics the structure and function of a human hand. The hand's design incorporates pneumatic chambers that enable controlled finger movements, essential for grasping, lifting, and manipulating objects with precision. The primary components of the hand were fabricated using additive manufacturing and molding techniques, with a silicone outer layer added to enhance safety and compliance. The microcontroller-based control system is tailored to execute desired actions effectively, ensuring the soft hand’s adaptability to various tasks. Performance evaluations involved both simple and complex task profiles, demonstrating the hand's capability to handle a variety of objects with low variability in force and high precision. Specific technical results include the measurement of grasping forces, pressure requirements for actuation, and the assessment of attenuation losses during operation. Prior designs of soft robotic hands often suffer from issues like single-mode gripping and high attenuation losses; our approach mitigates these challenges through an optimized mechanical design coupled with learning algorithms that enhance grasping and manipulation efficiency. The soft characteristics of the robotic hand allow it to adapt its shape, making it capable of handling objects of varying sizes and shapes, thereby improving the daily functionality for individuals with hand impairments. This novel design not only offers increased independence and quality of life for patients but also provides a cost-effective and easily producible solution for wearable soft robotics.
Efficacy of alpelisib with rational use of metformin in HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer patients with PIK3CA mutations (m): retrospective analysis in routine practice of several Russian centers
Authors: Filonenko D. A. , Orlova R. V. , Gluzman M. I. , Vakhitova A. A. , Goryainova A. Yu. , Grechukhina K. S. , Bykonya I. I. , Zhukova L. G.
Published: January 2025

Background. Hyperglycemia (HG) is an on-target effect of ALP, and prophylactic with metformin was shown to decrease the rate and severity of HG. Here we present efficacy and safety of ALP in a large cohort of patients with rational approach to metformin usage based on risk factors of HG. Material and Methods. Patients (pts) with HR+/HeR2- PIK3CAmut ABC were treated with ALP 300 mg orally and FUL 500 mg IM until disease progression or intolerance. the primary endpoints were progression free survival (PFS) and rate of grade 3/4 HG in different risk groups. Pts were stratified to risk groups of HG based on the algorithm before starting ALP and received MET for prevention of HG. Results. a cohort comprised 139 pts. the median PFs (mPFS) on ALP – was 7.0 (CI 95 %: 5.0–8.9). the risk of HG was assessed in 138 pts: low (47), moderate (46), and high (42) risk, and 3 pts with type 2 diabetes mellitus. any grade HG was reported in 62 % pts, no cases HG G4 were detected. HG G3 was reported in 13 % pts; 10 % pts required ALP dose reduction to 250 mg due to HG G3; 3 pts (2 %) discontinued ALP due to HG. the mPFS in our analysis was longer than in BYlieve trial in cohort C: 7.0 vs 5.6 mo. We suggest that prophylactic of HG allowed maintenance of full dose of ALP in most patients and thus increased the efficacy of ALP. Furthermore, in contrast to the METALLICA trial we distinguished a low risk group (33 %) of pts who do not need the prophylactic use of MET. Conclusion. Rational use of MET in pts with moderate and high risk of HG reduces the frequency and severity of HG, decreases the rate of ALP dose reductions and as a result may increase the efficacy of ALP. Pts with low risk of HG don’t need MET for HG prevention.
Study of lighting characteristics of LED analogues of domestically produced linear fluorescent lamps
Authors: Ashryatov A. A. , Kuznetsov E. A. , Pashkov M. Yu.
Published: January 2025

LED linear lamps are gaining popularity in various fields of application due to their advantages in energy efficiency, durability and lighting quality. The paper considers the designs of the tested LED lamps of domestic production by AVANLED company intended to replace fluorescent lamps T8 with a power of 18 W, and also studies their lighting characteristics. Structurally, the studied lamps are produced in two versions: with a transparent and frosted glass bulb. Analysis of the dependence of the electrical characteristics of the lamps on the network voltage (Uc) has proved that they are practically independent of changes in Uc within ± 15 %. The results of measurements of lighting characteristics have shown that most parameters correspond to the declared values: the error of color temperature does not exceed 5 %, the error of color rendering index is 0.1 %, and the pulsation index of luminous flux is within the declared 5 % and equals 0.1 %. The luminous flux at the nominal voltage of the network differs from the declared value of 1,000 lm, and the luminous flux of LED lamps with a transparent tube is less than with a matte one. The power of the lamps varies from 8 to 8.7 W, which does not correspond to the declared 9 W. The luminous efficiency of LED lamps with a color temperature of 6,500 K corresponds to the declared value. For LED lamps with a color temperature of 4,000 K (matte bulb), the luminous efficiency is 2.4 % higher than the declared value. The luminous efficiency of the remaining lamps is less than the declared value. Analysis of the spatial distribution of luminous intensity has shown that LED lamps with a frosted glass bulb are suitable for replacing fluorescent lamps in luminaires with mirror optics, and LED lamps with a transparent glass bulb are suitable for replacing fluorescent lamps in luminaires with a diffuser reducing the glare of LEDs.
Extending the range of dual-zone permanent magnet synchronous motor control
Authors: Davydov A. E. , Bochenkov B. M. , Pankrats Yu. V.
Published: January 2025

Achieving a twofold increase in the rotation speed of a permanent magnet synchronous motor while maintaining its power characteristics at the original level permits to increase the productivity and quality of material processing on metal-cutting machines. The theoretical study has been conducted using the mathematical model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The new control algorithm provides for two working zones: a nominal speed zone where the required power parameters are maintained (the first zone), and a high speed zone with a twofold increase in the rotation speed relative to the nominal (the second zone). To assess the efficiency of the developed algorithm, numerical modeling and comparative analysis with traditional control methods for a permanent magnet synchronous motor have been performed. The obtained results have demonstrated the advantages of the proposed approach permitting a twofold increase in the speed of the main drive of a metal-cutting machine without deteriorating its energy characteristics. The data of the theoretical study have been confirmed by simulation modeling of a closed system in the SimInTech software package. The developed control algorithm can be used to optimize the operation of main drives based on a permanent magnet synchronous motor as part of metalworking equipment.
Improvement of the methodology for assessing power losses in in-plant power grids
Authors: Petrov A. R. , Gracheva E. I. , Miftakhova N. K.
Published: January 2025

To improve the reliability of calculations of electric power losses in low-voltage electric networks, it is necessary to take into account the influence of the main parameters of electrical equipment. In the course of the study, a structural diagram and an algorithm for determining the equivalent resistance of the section of the shop network have been proposed; the main factors determining the equivalent resistance of the circuit (resistance of low-voltage switching devices, heating temperature of conductors, ambient temperature, equipment load factor) have been identified; graphical dependencies of the change in the equivalent resistance of the radial and trunk sections of the circuit on the mean square equipment load factor and the heating temperature of conductors have been shown. The total error in estimating the equivalent resistance when calculating without taking into account the main studied parameters of equipment for radial, trunk and mixed circuits is 40 % or more. The error in the results of calculations without taking into account the resistance of contact connections of switching devices can reach 80 %. The obtained dependencies of the equivalent resistance on the main parameters of the equipment are recommended for use to improve the reliability of estimating electric power losses in intra-plant electric networks.