bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progranulin antibodies entertain a proinflammatory environment in a subgroup of patients with psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Thurner Lorenz , Zaks Marina , Preuss Klaus-Dieter , Fadle Natalie , Regitz Evi , Ong Mei Fang , Pfreundschuh Michael , Assmann Gunter
Published: December 2013

Introduction

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a distinctive inflammatory arthritis which may typically develop in a subgroup of individuals suffering from psoriasis. We recently described progranulin autoantibodies (PGRN-Abs) in the sera of patients with different autoimmune diseases including seronegative polyarthritis. In the present study we investigated the occurrence of PGRN-Abs in PsA.

Methods

PGRN-Abs were determined in 260 patients with PsA, 100 patients with psoriasis without arthritic manifestations (PsC) and 97 healthy controls using a recently described ELISA. PGRN plasma levels were determined from subgroups by a commercially available ELISA-kit. Possible functional effects of PGRN-antibodies were analysed in vitro by tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α mediated cytotoxicity assays using WEHI-S and HT1080 cells.

Results

PGRN-Abs were detected with relevant titres in 50/260 (19.23%) patients with PsA, but in 0/100 patients with psoriasis without arthritic manifestations (P = 0.0001). All PGRN-Abs belonged to immunoglobulin G (IgG). PGRN-Abs were significantly more frequent in PsA patients with enthesitis or dactylitis. PGRN-Abs were also more frequent in PsA patients receiving treatment with TNF-α-blockers than in patients treated without TNF-α-blockers (20.8% versus 17.4%; P = 0.016). PGRN plasma levels were significantly lower in PGRN-Ab-positive patients with PsA than in healthy controls and patients with psoriasis without arthritic manifestations (P < 0.001), indicating a neutralizing effect of PGRN-Abs. Moreover cytotoxicity assays comparing PGRN-antibody positive with negative sera from matched patients with PsA, clearly showed a proinflammatory effect of PGRN antibodies.

Conclusion

Neutralizing PGRN-Abs occur with relevant titres in a subgroup of patients with PsA, but not in patients without arthritic manifestations (PsC). PGRN-Ab-positive patients had more frequent enthesitis or dactylitis. TNF-α-induced cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that the protective effects of progranulin were inhibited by serum containing PGRN-Abs. This suggests that PGRN-Ab might not only be useful as a diagnostic and prognostic marker, but may provide a proinflammatory environment in a subgroup of patients with PsA.
Phase I Study of Neratinib in Combination With Temsirolimus in Patients With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Dependent and Other Solid Tumors
Authors: Gandhi Leena , Bahleda Rastislav , Tolaney Sara M. , Kwak Eunice L. , Cleary James M. , Pandya Shuchi S. , Hollebecque Antoine , Abbas Richat , Ananthakrishnan Revathi , Berkenblit Anna , Krygowski Mizue , Liang Yali , Turnbull Kathleen W. , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Soria Jean-Charles
Published: December 2013

Purpose

Human epidermal growth factor (HER) –mediated signaling is critical in many cancers, including subsets of breast and lung cancer. HER family members signal via the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) –AKT/protein kinase B–mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) cascade; mTOR activation is critical for the expression of multiple contributors to tumor growth and invasion. On the basis of preclinical data suggesting synergy of HER2 inhibition and mTOR inhibition in breast and lung cancer models, we conducted a phase I combination study of neratinib, a small-molecule irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and temsirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Patients and Methods

This study enrolled patients to dosing combinations of neratinib and temsirolimus. The primary objective was to estimate the toxicity contour of the combination and establish recommended phase II doses.

Results

Sixty patients were treated on 12 of 16 possible dosing combinations. Diarrhea was the most common drug-related (93%) and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), constituting four of 10 DLTs. Dose-limiting grade 3 metabolic abnormalities were also observed. Other frequent drug-related toxicities included nausea, stomatitis (both 53%), and anemia (48%). Two maximum-tolerated dose combinations were identified: 200 mg of neratinib/25 mg of temsirolimus and 160 mg of neratinib/50 mg of temsirolimus. Responses were noted in patients with HER2-amplified breast cancer resistant to trastuzumab, HER2-mutant non–small-cell lung cancer, and tumor types without identified mutations in the HER-PI3K-mTOR pathway.

Conclusion

The combination of neratinib and temsirolimus was tolerable and demonstrated antitumor activity in multiple tumor types, warranting further evaluation.
Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Trial of Sunitinib Plus Prednisone Versus Prednisone Alone in Progressive, Metastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Michaelson M. Dror , Oudard Stephane , Ou Yen-Chuan , Sengeløv Lisa , Saad Fred , Houede Nadine , Ostler Peter , Stenzl Arnulf , Daugaard Gedske , Jones Robert , Laestadius Fredrik , Ullèn Anders , Bahl Amit , Castellano Daniel , Gschwend Juergen , Maurina Tristan , Chow Maneval Edna , Wang Shaw-Ling , Lechuga Maria Jose , Paolini Jolanda , Chen Isan
Published: December 2013

Purpose

We evaluated angiogenesis-targeted sunitinib therapy in a randomized, double-blind trial of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Patients and Methods

Men with progressive mCRPC after docetaxel-based chemotherapy were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive sunitinib 37.5 mg/d continuously or placebo. Patients also received oral prednisone 5 mg twice daily. The primary end point was overall survival (OS); secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS). Two interim analyses were planned.

Results

Overall, 873 patients were randomly assigned to receive sunitinib (n = 584) or placebo (n = 289). The independent data monitoring committee stopped the study for futility after the second interim analysis. After a median overall follow-up of 8.7 months, median OS was 13.1 months and 11.8 months for sunitinib and placebo, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.914; 95% CI, 0.762 to 1.097; stratified log-rank test, P = .168). PFS was significantly improved in the sunitinib arm (median 5.6 v 4.1 months; HR, 0.725; 95% CI, 0.591 to 0.890; stratified log-rank test, P < .001). Toxicity and rates of discontinuations because of adverse events (AEs; 27% v 7%) were greater with sunitinib than placebo. The most common treatment-related grade 3/4 AEs were fatigue (9% v 1%), asthenia (8% v 2%), and hand–foot syndrome (7% v 0%). Frequent treatment-emergent grade 3/4 hematologic abnormalities were lymphopenia (20% v 11%), anemia (9% v 8%), and neutropenia (6% v < 1%).

Conclusion

The addition of sunitinib to prednisone did not improve OS compared with placebo in docetaxel-refractory mCRPC. The role of antiangiogenic therapy in mCRPC remains investigational.
Breast Implant–Associated Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma: Long-Term Follow-Up of 60 Patients
Authors: Miranda Roberto N. , Aladily Tariq N. , Prince H. Miles , Kanagal-Shamanna Rashmi , de Jong Daphne , Fayad Luis E. , Amin Mitual B. , Haideri Nisreen , Bhagat Govind , Brooks Glen S. , Shifrin David A. , O'Malley Dennis P. , Cheah Chan Y. , Bacchi Carlos E. , Gualco Gabriela , Li Shiyong , Keech John A. , Hochberg Ephram P. , Carty Matthew J. , Hanson Summer E. , Mustafa Eid , Sanchez Steven , Manning John T. , Xu-Monette Zijun Y. , Miranda Alonso R. , Fox Patricia , Bassett Roland L. , Castillo Jorge J. , Beltran Brady E. , de Boer Jan Paul , Chakhachiro Zaher , Ye Dongjiu , Clark Douglas , Young Ken H. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey
Published: December 2013

Purpose

Breast implant–associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a recently described clinicopathologic entity that usually presents as an effusion-associated fibrous capsule surrounding an implant. Less frequently, it presents as a mass. The natural history of this disease and long-term outcomes are unknown.

Patients and Methods

We reviewed the literature for all published cases of breast implant–associated ALCL from 1997 to December 2012 and contacted corresponding authors to update clinical follow-up.

Results

The median overall survival (OS) for 60 patients was 12 years (median follow-up, 2 years; range, 0-14 years). Capsulectomy and implant removal was performed on 56 of 60 patients (93%). Therapeutic data were available for 55 patients: 39 patients (78%) received systemic chemotherapy, and of the 16 patients (28%) who did not receive chemotherapy, 12 patients opted for watchful waiting and four patients received radiation therapy alone. Thirty-nine (93%) of 42 patients with disease confined by the fibrous capsule achieved complete remission, compared with complete remission in 13 (72%) of 18 patients with a tumor mass. Patients with a breast mass had worse OS and progression-free survival (PFS; P = .052 and P = .03, respectively). The OS or PFS were similar between patients who received and did not receive chemotherapy (P = .44 and P = .28, respectively).

Conclusion

Most patients with breast implant–associated ALCL who had disease confined within the fibrous capsule achieved complete remission. Proper management for these patients may be limited to capsulectomy and implant removal. Patients who present with a mass have a more aggressive clinical course that may be fatal, justifying cytotoxic chemotherapy in addition to removal of implants.
Depoliticization Through Cultural Policy and Intellectual Property Rights: The Case of Lijiang
Authors: Pang Laikwan
Published: December 2013

In this article I first relate and analyze the overall development of cultural policy and the intellectual property rights (IPR) legal structure in China, in order to show how China's policy and its legal environment increasingly adapt to global conditions. I then use Lijiang, a tourist area, as an example to show how national cultural policy and global IPR overlap in the local economy. I also demonstrate how this history escapes Aihwa Ong's theorization of “exception,” as the related global and state interests converge not at areas of exception but at the heart of numerous local economies, allowing the new economy to penetrate and prevail.
Does excitatory fronto-extracerebral tDCS lead to improved working memory performance?
Authors: Lally Níall , Nord Camilla L. , Walsh Vincent , Roiser Jonathan P.
Published: December 2013

Evidence suggests that excitatory transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may improve performance on a wide variety of cognitive tasks. Due to the non-invasive and inexpensive nature of the method, harnessing its potential could be particularly useful for the treatment of neuropsychiatric illnesses involving cognitive dysfunction. However, questions remain regarding the efficacious stimulation parameters. Here, using a double-blind between-subjects design, we explored whether 1 mA excitatory (anodal) left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex stimulation with a contralateral extracerebral reference electrode, leads to enhanced working memory performance across two days, relative to sham stimulation. Participants performed the 3-back, a test of working memory, at baseline, and during and immediately following stimulation on two days, separated by 24-48 hours. Active stimulation did not significantly enhance performance versus sham over the course of the experiment. However, exploratory comparisons did reveal a significant effect of stimulation group on performance during the first stimulation phase only, with active stimulation recipients performing better than sham. While these results do not support the hypothesis that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tDCS boosts working memory, they raise the possibility that its effects may be greatest during early learning stages.
Approvals, Submission, and Important Labeling Changes for US Marketed Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Baker Danial E.
Published: December 2013

This monthly feature will help readers keep current on new drugs, new indications, dosage forms, and safety-related changes in labeling or use. Efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of this information; however, if there are any questions, please let me know at danial.baker@wsu.edu .
Young Women's Contraceptive Microbicide Preferences: Associations with Contraceptive Behavior and Sexual Relationship Characteristics
Authors: Best Candace , Tanner Amanda E. , Hensel Devon J. , Fortenberry J. Dennis , Zimet Gregory D.
Published: December 2013

CONTEXT

In time, microbicides may provide women with dual prevention against pregnancy and STDs. Although several microbicide dimensions have been evaluated, little is known about women's preferences for contraceptive microbicides and correlates of these preferences.

METHODS

Acceptability of a hypothetical contraceptive microbicide cream or jelly was examined among a clinic‐based sample of 266 women in Indianapolis from 2004 (when participants were aged 14–22) to 2008. Group conjoint analyses and individual conjoint analyses were used to compare preferences with respect to four microbicide dimensions: contraceptive ability, efficacy in relation to condoms, timing of use and texture. Pearson's product moment correlations were used to examine the relationship between preferences for a contraceptive microbicide and selected characteristics of the women.

RESULTS

Overall, the top‐rated microbicide dimensions were efficacy in relation to that of condoms and contraceptive ability (importance scores, 40.0 and 35.4 out of 100.0, respectively). When all dimension levels were compared, contraceptive ability was the most strongly preferred (part‐worth utility score, 8.9), and lower efficacy than that of condoms was the least strongly preferred (−11.9). Preference for contraceptive microbicides was positively associated with current contraceptive use, sexual agency, partner communication, commitment to avoiding pregnancy and perceived partner agreement about avoiding pregnancy (coefficients, 0.07–0.18). It was negatively associated with current or past nonuse of contraceptives, seeking pregnancy and perceived partner agreement about seeking pregnancy (−0.08 to −0.14).

CONCLUSIONS

Microbicides with dual prevention properties may be attractive to young women. Microbicide development and subsequent clinical trials should incorporate contraceptive microbicides.
Jóvenes que migran solos: actores y escenarios fuera de los sistemas de protección de menores
Authors: Gimeno Monterde Chabier
Published: December 2013

Este artículo nace de una investigación más amplia en torno a los menores migrantes no acompañados que fueron tutelados por el Servicio de Protección de Menores del Gobierno de Aragón entre los años 2000 y 2010. Se ha accedido a los casi trescientos expedientes de tutela administrativa del periodo, que se han analizado estadísticamente. Los resultados muestran un colectivo de adolescentes magrebíes (78’5%) y subsaharianos (17’4%), del que apenas un 4’4 son niñas. Y para el que se han establecido varios periodos en el flujo migratorio, así como posibles pautas de su comportamiento frente a la acogida institucional, en relación con el sexo, el origen y la edad. Entre 2007 y 2012, las entrevistas a menores tutelados y extutelados, a técnicos de entidades públicas y privadas, así como la observación participante durante nuestra práctica profesional en proyectos educativos para jóvenes migrantes, han conformado el trabajo de campo en las tres provincias aragonesas. Entre otros análisis, concluimos que el itinerario de inserción social que los Servicios de Protección plantean a estos jóvenes a través de la tutela administrativa es sólo uno más de los múltiples itinerarios que, en paralelo, los menores recorren acompañados por actores a menudo ocultos a la Administración como los familiares en España y Europa y las redes de iguales; o en escenarios donde los Servicios Sociales tienen dificultades para actuar, como la infracción jurídica, la prostitución y las redes de explotación. Entender esta heterogeneidad de itinerarios creemos que evitará algunas situaciones graves de desprotección.
La heterogeneidad conceptual del tercer sector
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Jesús , Peñasco Velasco Rosa
Published: December 2013

El conocido como Tercer Sector, ha sido y es el protagonista de cientos de libros, obras, y artículos en todo el mundo. Decenas de autores prestigiosos han analizado la irrupción de esta figura en las diferentes sociedades, así como su esencia, características, funciones, tipología y consecuencias en ámbitos geográficos determinados. Sin embargo, resulta cuanto menos curioso, observar cómo en pleno s. XXI, en realidad no existe una verdadera definición de Tercer Sector, sino un conjunto de operaciones que, unas veces por exclusión, deducción o análisis de las Entidades y otros elementos que lo componen, nos sitúan y aproximan a esta importante realidad. Llegar a la conclusión de que no existe una definición del Tercer Sector, puede resultar desalentador al principio. Si bien, en su no definición reside, precisamente, la grandeza del propio Tercer Sector, ya que encuadrarlo en un concepto rígido y hermético, atentaría contra su movilidad, extensión, eclecticismo y necesaria heterogeneidad: la misma heterogeneidad que podremos observar, tanto en lo que se refiere al concepto como a las funciones, tipología y características del Tercer Sector.
A characterization of vertex operator algebras V
+
ℤα: I
Authors: Dong Chongying , Jiang Cuipo
Published: December 2013

A characterization of vertex operator algebra V
+
ℤα with (α,α)/2
not being a perfect square is given in terms of dimensions of homogeneous subspaces of small weights.
This result contributes to the classification of rational vertex operator algebras of central charge 1.
The Σ1-invariant for Artin groups of circuit rank 1
Authors: Almeida Kisnney , Kochloukova Dessislava
Published: December 2013

We define an Artin group of circuit rank 1 as an Artin group based on a connected graph with fundamental group a free group of rank 1. For an Artin group G of circuit rank 1 the Bieri–Neumann–Renz–Strebel invariant

Σ
1

(
G
,
ℤ
)

${\Sigma ^1(G, \mathbb {Z})}$

is calculated.
Numerical modeling of timber with knots: the progressively damaged lattice approach vs. the equivalent damaged continuum
Authors: Guindos Pablo
Published: December 2013

Two new numerical models for simulating structural timber with knots are presented. The first one, the lattice model (LM), was built from an arrangement of linear truss elements, meanwhile, the second one, the continuum model (CM), was constructed of nonquadratic quadrilateral elements. Both models shared similar characteristics, which allows for an objective comparison between the two approaches. Common characteristics are as follows: they (1) possess identical geometry and node locations, (2) consider the fiber deviation of wood based on the flow-grain theory, (3) account for the longitudinal and transverse plasticity, and (4) permit tensile damage. Experimental four-point bending tests were performed to compare failure prediction, failure location, deflection, and qualitative failure pattern. Considerable construction and calibration work were required for the LM approach in comparison with the CM approach. However, the LM acceptably predicted the behavior of wood at the macroscale, and previous research documented satisfactory predictions for small scales. This suggests the lattice paradigm to be a valid approach for multiscalar simulations of wood. Moreover, complex mechanical principles (e.g., plasticity and damage) were found to be easier to incorporate into lattice elements. This can lead to deeper material understanding and innovation, as limitations for multiscale modeling may be more computational than theoretically constrained.
Migration of cesium chloride dissolved in the liquid water of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) during drying at 65°C
Authors: Tanaka Takashi , Kawai Yasuo
Published: December 2013

The objective of this study was the visualization of the migration of a dissolved substance in the liquid water of wood during drying by means of X-ray imaging. The formation of a characteristic deposition pattern has been observed in the course of drying small pieces of sugi soaked in a cesium chloride (CsCl) aqueous solution. Expectedly, CsCl migrated from the inside to the surface and was deposited just below the surface because of the evaporation of water at the evaporation front. At the end of the drying process, the relative concentration of CsCl at the surface of sapwood samples was determined to be 130%–400% of the initial amount of dissolved CsCl, while the CsCl concentration deep inside samples was below 50%. Sapwood accumulated more CsCl than heartwood did, and the CsCl concentration in latewood was higher than in earlywood.
Analysis on surface modification of orthodontic power chain by nanoimprinting process
Authors: Cheng Hsing-Chung , Lin Wan-Tin , Shen Yung-Kang , Wang Yen-Hsiang
Published: December 2013

The traditional orthodontic power chain, usually made of polymer materials, exists some drawbacks, such as the reduction of elasticity due to swell after absorbing water and surface discoloration resulting from the patient’s diet, food, or beverage colors leading to poor appearance. The main purpose of this study was to develop surface modification on orthodontic power chain and to realize the properties change for improvement of its shortcomings. In this study, a template was produced by pure aluminum piece with anodized production (concave) through the nanoimprinting process fabricating nanostructures (convex) on the surface of power chain, resulting in surface modification of power chain. The different nanoimprinting process parameters (e.g., imprinting temperature, imprinting pressure, imprinting time, and demolding temperature) were used to produce nanostructures on the surface of power chain. The results of this study show that the contact angle of the power chain became larger after nanoimprinting surface treatment. The hydrophilic properties of power chain have been turned into hydrophobic properties. Unmodified power chain before water absorption is about 4%, while a modified water absorbance is about 2%–4%.
Editorial to the special issue on Copulae of Statistics & Risk Modeling
Authors: Okhrin Ostap
Published: December 2013

Copulae became an extremely popular tool in different areas of research. Since
the first applications in risk management in the late 90th, they attracted
many other quantitatively oriented sciences like biostatistics, hydrology and
finance. The main reason originates in the  Sklar (1959) theorem, which allows for separation of the marginal distributions from the dependency structure between the random variables.

This editorial is organized as follows. In the first section we define the copulae and state the Sklar theorem. Some literature suggestions are given in the second section. The last section presents the content of this special issue.
Role of sphingolipids in oestrogen signalling in breast cancer cells: an update
Authors: Sukocheva O , Wadham C
Published: December 2013

The signaling pathways activated by the steroid hormone oestrogen include a variety of cytoplasmic second messengers linked to a multitude of tissue-specific effects. In the last decade, sphingolipids and their membrane receptors were added to the list of oestrogen-activated mediators. Oestrogen triggers the sphingolipid signalling cascade in various tissues including breast cancer. Extensive research has shown that sphingolipids are the key regulatory molecules in growth factor networks. Sphingolipids can control the rate of cell proliferation and the differentiation outcome during malignant transformation. In this study, we summarise novel experimental evidences linking sphingolipids to oestrogen-activated effects, highlight the role of sphingolipids in cancer cells and discuss new avenues for future research at the intersection between oestrogen and sphingolipid signalling.
Effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 on appetite and body weight: focus on the CNS
Authors: van Bloemendaal L , ten Kulve J S , la Fleur S E , Ijzerman R G , Diamant M
Published: December 2013

The delivery of nutrients to the gastrointestinal tract after food ingestion activates the secretion of several gut-derived mediators, including the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), such as exenatide and liraglutide, are currently employed successfully in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. GLP-1RA improve glycaemic control and stimulate satiety, leading to reductions in food intake and body weight. Besides gastric distension and peripheral vagal nerve activation, GLP-1RA induce satiety by influencing brain regions involved in the regulation of feeding, and several routes of action have been proposed. This review summarises the evidence for a physiological role of GLP-1 in the central regulation of feeding behaviour and the different routes of action involved. Also, we provide an overview of presently available data on pharmacological stimulation of GLP-1 pathways leading to alterations in CNS activity, reductions in food intake and weight loss.
Derivation of sperm from xenografted testis cells and tissues of the peccary (Tayassu tajacu)
Authors: Campos-Junior Paulo Henrique Almeida , Costa Guilherme Mattos Jardim , Avelar Gleide Fernandes , Lacerda Samyra Maria Santos Nassif , da Costa Nathália Nogueira , Ohashi Otávio Mitio , Miranda Moysés dos Santos , Barcelos Lucíola Silva , Jorge Érika Cristina , Guimarães Diva Anelie , de França Luiz Renato
Published: December 2013

Because the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) has a peculiar Leydig cell cytoarchitecture, this species represents a unique mammalian model for investigating testis function. Taking advantage of the well-established and very useful testis xenograft technique, in the present study, testis tissue and testis cell suspensions from immature collared peccaries (n=4; 3 months old) were xenografted in SCID mice (n=48) and evaluated at 2, 4, 6, and 8 months after grafting. Complete spermatogenesis was observed at 6 and 8 months after testis tissue xenografting. However, probably due to de novo testis morphogenesis and low androgen secretion, functionally evaluated by the seminal vesicle weight, a delay in spermatogenesis progression was observed in the testis cell suspension xenografts, with the production of fertile sperm only at 8 months after grafting. Importantly, demonstrating that the peculiar testicular cytoarchitecture of the collared peccary is intrinsically programmed, the unique Leydig cell arrangement observed in this species was re-established after de novo testis morphogenesis. The sperm collected from the xenografts resulted in diploid embryos that expressed the paternally imprinted gene NNAT after ICSI. The present study is the first to demonstrate complete spermatogenesis with the production of fertile sperm from testis cell suspension xenografts in a wild mammalian species. Therefore, due to its unique testicular cytoarchitecture, xenograft techniques, particularly testis cell suspensions, may represent a new and very promising approach to evaluate testis morphogenesis and to investigate spermatogonial stem cell physiology and niche in the collared peccary.
The Influence of Community Access to Child Health (CATCH) Program on Community Pediatrics
Authors: Soares Neelkamal S. , Hobson Wendy L. , Ruch-Ross Holly , Finneran Maureen , Varrasso Denia A. , Keller David
Published: December 2013

The CATCH (Community Access to Child Health) Program, which supports pediatricians who engage with the community to improve child health, increase access to health care, and promote advocacy through small seed grants, was last evaluated in 1998. The objective was to describe the characteristics of CATCH grant recipients and projects and assess the community impact of funded projects. Prospective data was collected from CATCH applications (grantee characteristics, topic area and target population for projects funded from 2006–2012) and post-project 2-year follow-up survey (project outcomes, sustainability, and impact for projects funded from 2008 through 2010). From 2006 through 2012, the CATCH Program awarded 401 projects to grantees working mostly in general pediatrics. Eighty-five percent of projects targeted children covered by Medicaid, 33% targeted uninsured children, and 75% involved a Latino population. Main topic areas addressed were nutrition, access to health care, and medical home. Sixty-nine percent of grantees from 2008 to 2010 responded to the follow-up survey. Ninety percent reported completing their projects, and 86% of those projects continued to exist in some form. Grantees reported the development of community partnerships (77%) and enhanced recognition of child health issues in the community (73%) as the most frequent changes due to the projects. The CATCH Program funds community-based projects led by pediatricians that address the medical home and access to care. A majority of these projects and community partnerships are sustained beyond their original CATCH funding and, in many cases, are leveraged into additional financial or other community support.
Characteristics of Youth Seeking Emergency Care for Assault Injuries
Authors: Cunningham Rebecca M. , Ranney Megan , Newton Manya , Woodhull Whitney , Zimmerman Marc , Walton Maureen A.
Published: December 2013

OBJECTIVE:

To characterize youth seeking care for assault injuries, the context of violence, and previous emergency department (ED) service utilization to inform ED-based injury prevention.

METHODS:

A consecutive sample of youth (14–24) presenting to an urban ED with an assault injury completed a survey of partner violence, gun/knife victimization, gang membership, and context of the fight.

RESULTS:

A total of 925 youth entered the ED with an assault injury; 718 completed the survey (15.4% refused); 730 comparison youth were sampled. The fights leading to the ED visit occurred at home (37.6%) or on streets (30.4%), and were commonly with a known person (68.3%). Fights were caused by issues of territory (23.3%) and retaliation (8.9%); 20.8% of youth reported substance use before the fight. The assault-injured group reported more peer/partner violence and more gun experiences. Assault-injured youth reported higher past ED utilization for assault (odds ratio [OR]: 2.16) or mental health reasons (OR: 7.98). Regression analysis found the assault-injured youth had more frequent weapon use (OR: 1.25) and substance misuse (OR: 1.41).

CONCLUSIONS:

Assault-injured youth seeking ED care report higher levels of previous violence, weapon experience, and substance use compared with a comparison group seeking care for other complaints. Almost 10% of assault-injured youth had another fight-related ED visit in the previous year, and ∼5% had an ED visit for mental health. Most fights were with people known to them and for well-defined reasons, and were therefore likely preventable. The ED is a critical time to interact with youth to prevent future morbidity.
Violent Film Characters’ Portrayal of Alcohol, Sex, and Tobacco-Related Behaviors
Authors: Bleakley Amy , Romer Daniel , Jamieson Patrick E.
Published: December 2013

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the extent to which movies popular with adolescents feature characters who jointly engage in violence and other risk behaviors. We hypothesized that violent characters engage in other risk behaviors equally often in films rated appropriate for children over 12 (PG-13) and Restricted (R)-rated films.

METHODS:

Content analysis of a sample of top-grossing movies from 1985 to 2010 (n = 390). We coded movies for the presence of at least 1 main character who was involved in violence and either sex, tobacco, or alcohol use within a 5-minute movie segment and throughout a film.

RESULTS:

Approximately 90% of the movies contained a segment with a main character involved in violence, and ∼77% of the films had the same character engaging in at least 1 other risk behavior. A violent character was portrayed most often partaking in alcohol-related and sexual behaviors. G and PG movies had less co-occurrence than PG-13 or R-rated movies, but there was no statistical difference between PG-13 and R-rated movies with regards to violence co-occurring with other risk behaviors. These trends did not vary over time.

CONCLUSIONS:

Popular films that contain violent characters also show those characters engaging in other risk behaviors. Similar rates of co-occurrence between PG-13 and R-rated films suggest that the Motion Picture Association of America ratings system is not sensitive to the joint portrayal of violence and alcohol, sex, and tobacco-related risk behaviors. The on-screen clustering of violence with other risk behaviors is cause for concern and worthy of additional research.
Academic Support as a Predictor of Retention to Graduation: New Insights on the Role of Tutoring, Learning Assistance, and Supplemental Instruction
Authors: Grillo Michael C. , Leist Cathy W.
Published: December 2013

This study seeks to examine the relationship between the long-term use of academic support services such as tutoring, learning assistance, and supplemental instruction and retention to graduation. Little research has been devoted to the relationship between academic support and retention to graduation in both the literatures on retention and academic support. The authors use 6 years of data from the University of Louisville's Resources for Academic Achievement unit (REACH) to test the hypotheses that a larger quantity of time spent engaged in academic support services is associated with a higher likelihood of graduation and that cumulative GPA mediates the relationship between hours spent using academic support and graduation. The findings support these hypotheses, suggesting a relationship between academic support and retention to graduation that should be given serious consideration by scholars and administrators.
The Long-Term Impact of Admission Policies: A Comparative Study of Two Emergent Research Institutions in Texas
Authors: Crisp Gloria , Horn Catherine , Dizinno Gerry , Barlow Libby
Published: December 2013

The present study explored the long-term impact of admission policies at two aspiring research institutions in Texas. Six years of longitudinal institutional data were analyzed for all full-time first time in college undergraduate students at both universities. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to identify relationships and differences between risk factors and percent plan eligibility. Cox regression was employed to examine the number of semesters that elapsed before students dropped out and to identify risk factors that contributed to student withdrawal. Moreover, competing risk models were used to test the robustness of the single-outcome models. Findings highlight the importance of leveraging the percent plan at both institutions.
Clinical experience in treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura - hemolytic uremic syndrome with 28 patients
Authors: Vucelic Dragica , Rajic Zoran , Savic Nebojsa , Mikovic Danijela , Budisin Zivko , Antonijevic Nebojsa , Obradovic Slobodan , Jevtic Dragana , Bettoni Giuseppe , Casoli Gloria , Peyvandi Flora
Published: December 2013

Background: Neither optimal treatment nor significance of ADAMTS13 (A
Desintegrin And Metalloprotease with ThromboSpondin type 1 repeats) activity
for diagnosis and therapy of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and
hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) have not been defined yet. The aim of the
report is to analyze response to different volumes of plasma exchange (PE),
and relationship to ADAMTS13. Design and methods: 28 patients clinically
diagnosed with idiopathic TTP (n=18), secondary TTP (n=4), atypical HUS (n=3)
and typical HUS (n=3) manifested 31 acute episodes. Patients were treated
with PE in 26, and with plasma transfusion in 5 episodes with additional
different therapies. Results: PE volumes were as follows: 1 in 7, 1.5 in 3, 2
in 14, and intensifying schedule (1 to 1.5) in 2 episodes. Procedure number
was lower in patients treated with 2 and 1.5 (p=0.019) than in those treated
with 1 volume exchange and PE intensifying, respectively (p=0.010). PE
response rate was 25/26 (96.15%). Exacerbation frequency was higher in
idiopathic TTP patients (3/19) treated with 1 compared with patients treated
with >1 volume exchange (p=0.003). Survival rate was 25/28 (89.29%). ADAMTS13
activity was reduced in 22 with severe deficiency in 14 patients. Conclusion:
Patients responded to different treatments regardless of ADAMTS13 activity,
requiring less PEs with larger volume exchanges.
Klinicko-epidemioloske karakteristike velikog, invazivnog bazocelularnog karcinoma skalpa
Authors: Rakic Vesna , Stojcic Milan , Zivkovic Snezana , Brasanac Dimitrije
Published: December 2013

We studied a large, invasive basal cell carcinoma of the scalp in 42 operated
patients (53 tumors) of which 26 patients with recurrent and 16 with no
recurrence. This is a rare clinical form of this tumor that invades the skin
in addition to some or all of the following structure: soft tissue scalp,
skull, brain and brain membranes. The literature is known as the Giant basal
cell carcinoma according to TNM classification of BCC in pT4 stage. Caused by
aggressive subtypes of BCC. Treatment is surgical and involves only large,
mutilate surgery and extensive reconstruction. Relapse often occurs. The aim
was to analyze clinical and epidemiological characteristics of large,
invasive basal cell carcinoma of the scalp, finding the causes of relapse and
proposal timely diagnosis. We have concluded that the appearance of tumors in
the frontal and pariental region of the scalp is related to the presence of
known risk factors, that tumors often penetrate bones and brains resulting in
more frequent recurrence in this localization. All tumors were caused by
aggressive forms of BCC. Patients in the group with recurrent, previously
responded to treatment and had more surgery than patients without recurrence.
Treatment-related adverse events occurred in most patients (recurrence and /
or death).
Aspirin withdrawal in high risk cardiac patients before the operation of total colectomy with resection of ileum: Case report
Authors: Ivosevic Tjasa , Kalezic Nevena , Barovic Svetlana , Palibrk Ivan , Karapandzic Vesna , Markovic Dejan , Ivanovic Branislava
Published: December 2013

Coronary artery disease is one of the risk factors for myocardial infarction
and it is present in 40% of patients who are undergoing noncardiac surgery.
Despite evidence of the benefit of the antiplatelet therapy in patients at
risk of cardiac complications, aspirin treatment is often discontinued before
surgery due to the risk of perioperative bleeding. In many studies and
meta-analysis it is shown that aspirin withdrawal in perioperative period was
associated with three-fold higher risk of major adverse cardiac events.
Perioperative continuation of aspirin increase the rate of bleeding by 1.5,
but it doesn?t increase the level of the severity of bleeding complications.
In perioperative periode aspirin is discontinued only if it is estimated that
the bleeding risk is higher than the risk of thrombosis. In the paper authors
present a case report of patient who developed a perioperative myocardial
infarction as a consequence of aspirin withdrawal before total colectomy.
Optimal recombination in genetic algorithms for combinatorial optimization problems: Part II
Authors: Eremeev Anton , Kovalenko Julia
Published: December 2013

This paper surveys results on complexity of the optimal recombination problem
(ORP), which consists in finding the best possible offspring as a result of a
recombination operator in a genetic algorithm, given two parent solutions. In
Part II, we consider the computational complexity of ORPs arising in genetic
algorithms for problems on permutations: the Travelling Salesman Problem, the
Shortest Hamilton Path Problem and the Makespan Minimization on Single
Machine and some other related problems. The analysis indicates that the
corresponding ORPs are NP-hard, but solvable by faster algorithms, compared
to the problems they are derived from.
PCAOB Audit Regulation a Decade after SOX: Where It Stands and What the Future Holds
Authors: Palmrose Zoe-Vonna
Published: December 2013

SYNOPSIS

This commentary assesses the status of audit regulation under the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) and explores what the future might hold. The commentary discusses how discretionary choices in implementing the PCAOB's legislative mandates under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, and the 2012 Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act have shaped the Board and the PCAOB's inspection, standard-setting, and enforcement activities over its first decade. The commentary suggests that the importance of discretionary choices gives rise to a necessity to develop, articulate, and adhere to core principles of audit regulation. The commentary uses the PCAOB's articulated principles to explore what appear to be some of the key determinants of the future of audit regulation under the PCAOB.
Decoupling zeros of positive electrical circuits
Authors: Kaczorek Tadeusz
Published: December 2013

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the reachability and observability of the positive electrical circuits composed of resistors, coils, condensators and voltage sources are established. Definitions of the input-decoupling zeros, output-decoupling zeros and input-output decoupling zeros of the positive electrical circuits are proposed. Some properties of the decoupling zeros of positive electrical circuits are discussed.
Time optimal control of one and double one winding VCM motor
Authors: Kołton Wojciech
Published: December 2013

This article presents the time optimal control system adopted to control double winding VCM motor. This kind of control is widely used in hard disk drive servo for head positioning. Mathematical model of double winding VCM motor is presented, and its implementation in MATLAB/Simulink is shown. The extended time optimal control algorithm is implemented on dSpace DS1104 board. The results obtained from simulation and real measurements are compared and discussed
Xanthium Italicum – Anatomy And Histology Data
Authors: Sârbu Anca , Smarandache Daniela
Published: December 2013

The species of the genus Xanthium L. raise a number of taxonomic problems, and in some cases their identification is difficult and involves to a great extent the features of the fruit. The identification of some additional criteria, such as anatomical and histological features of the vegetative organs, would be highly beneficial. In this context, the current paper analyses the species Xanthium italicum Moretti, one of the six species of the genus Xanthium, recognised as being present in Romania. The paper highlights few anatomo-histological features of the above-ground vegetative organs, which should subsequently be evaluated in other species of the genus Xanthium, with the purpose of identifying those structural criteria, which could contribute to the identification of the species. The paper also completes with new data and original pictures the limited information available in the literature as regards the anatomy of the above-ground vegetative organs of the species Xanthium italicum.
Preliminary Data on Alien Flora from Oltenia – Romania
Authors: Răduţoiu Daniel , Stan Ion
Published: December 2013

This paper presents the list of alien plant species from Oltenia (Romania). For each taxon we mentioned and analysed the life form, the invasive status and the residence time. The collected and presented data highlight the expansion of the area of some alien species not mentioned previously in this part of the country and also the presence of a new subspontaneous species in the vascular flora of Romania, namely Lagurus ovatus.
The influence of a Copper-Containing Funcicide on the Gametophyte of Some Non-Target Pteridophyte Species
Authors: Soare Liliana Cristina , Dobrescu Codruța-Mihaela , Popescu Anca Georgiana
Published: December 2013

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a fungicide with 20% metallic copper content on spore germination and gametophyte development in two non-target pteridophyte species: Asplenium scolopendrium and Athyrium filix-femina. The experimental variants were: V1 - 0.1% fungicide in Knop solution, V2 - 0.5% fungicide in Knop solution, V3 - 0.7% fungicide in Knop solution, and the Control variant (C) - Knop solution. The fungicide used affected spore germination in all the tested variants. The lowest germination percentages were registered in the species Asplenium scolopendrium: V1 - 69.33%, V2 - 65.66%, V3 - 51.33%. In terms of gametophyte differentiation, the experiments led to delays in developmental stages, absence of rhizoids and necrosis of prothallic cells. The results of the study can be used to assess the impact of the fungicide on the ecosystems in which it is applied, ecosystems where pteridophytes are also present or ecosystems adjacent to them.
A Bayesian model to compare vinification procedures
Authors: Stefanini Federico Mattia , Pantani Ottorino-Luca
Published: December 2013

The effects of three pre-fermentative techniques (standard procedure, cold soak pre-fermentation and cryomaceration), temperature (20 or 30°C) and saignée (with/without) on the extraction of total anthocyanins were investigated during maceration of must obtained from Sangiovese grapes. A Bayesian hierarchical model was developed to estimate time-dependent contrasts while addressing the peculiar features displayed by the experimental units (wine tanks): substantial heterogeneity among replicates, departure from low-order `textbook' kinetics and the occasional presence of very low observations. Prior distributions of critical model parameters were elicited with the help of wine{making experts and by considering the results of previous experiments. The posterior distribution of model parameters was approximated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation using JAGS software. Among the main findings, it is to be highlighted that temperature and saignée increased the total anthocyanin concentration in all the techniques, although at different times during maceration. In all the procedures the total anthocyanin gain decreased as the maceration came to an end.
Implementation and Results of New High Resolution SAR Modes for an Airborne Maritime Patrol Radar
Authors: Gromek Damian , Samczyński Piotr , Misiurewicz Jacek , Malanowski Mateusz , Kulpa Krzysztof , Gromek Artur , Gadós Andrzej , Jarzębska Anna , Smolarczyk Maciej
Published: December 2013

The paper presents new high resolution SAR results of real-life measurements using an updated ARS-400/ARS-800 SAR sensor installed on the maritime patrol aircraft M-28. The main role for such radars is surveying the sea surface, and the imaging of selected targets (e.g. ships, roads, vehicles, buildings, etc.) to help the operator in classifying them. In the present day increasing computing power, improved algorithms and general technological progress has allowed the obtaining of better results in SAR imagery.