bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS) Content among Disposable Flavored Vape Bars
Authors: Yogeswaran Shaiesh , Muthumalage Thivanka , Rahman Irfan
Published: August 2021

Studies have shown that aerosols generated from flavored e-cigarettes contain Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), promoting oxidative stress-induced damage within pulmonary cells. Our lab investigated the ROS content of e-cigarette vapor generated from disposable vape bars, a product exempt from the Federal Drug Enforcement Agency’s (FDA) 2020 flavor ban. Specifically, we analyzed vape bars belonging to multiple flavor categories (Tobacco, Minty Fruit, Fruity, Minty/Menthol, Desserts, and Drinks), manufactured by various vendors and of various nicotine concentrations (0-6.8%). Aerosols from these flavored vape bars were generated by a single puff aerosol generator and individually bubbled through a fluorogenic solution to detect and semi-quantify ROS in H2O2 equivalents generated by the vape bars. We compared and contrasted the ROS levels generated by each flavor as an indirect determinant of oxidative stress potential by these disposable vape bars. Our results showed that ROS concentration (μM) of aerosols produced from the vape bars varied significantly between different flavors and a function of nicotine concentration. Likewise, our results suggest that flavoring chemicals and nicotine concentration play a role in alerting ROS production in e-cigarette aerosols. Our study provides insight into the differential health effects of flavored disposable vape bars and the need for their regulation.
Intensifikasi Pekarangan dengan Tanaman Obat sebagai Ecotherapy dan Peningkat Imunitas
Authors: Sutrisno Joko , Agustono Agustono , Fajarningsih Rhina Uchyani , Khairiyakh Refa'ul , Ulfa Amalia Nadifta , Nurhidayati Indah
Published: August 2021

Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that can be transmitted between humans through coughing or sneezing. The application of health protocols and increased immunity is an effort to prevent COVID-19 infection. Intensification of home garden with immune-boosting medical plants have several benefits, that are the fulfillment of household needs of immune-boosting medical plants, overcome the soaring price of immune-boosting medical plants and as physical activity and community ecotherapy to increase immunity. Community service with theme intensification of home garden with immune-boosting medical plants and as ecotherapy was carried out in Mojolaban Sub-district, Sukoharjo. The community service aimed to improve the knowledge and skills of the community related to the intensification of home garden medical plants that can be used as ecotherapy. This activity was conducted by extension and training methods to representatives of two Farmer Women’s Groups, namely KWT Sri Rejeki and KWT Mekar Sari. Participants of this community activity look enthusiastic to follow each activity. The team of community service activity in Mojolaban Sub-district also handed over tools and materials in form of planting media, fertilizers, medical plants seed (turmeric, ginger, temulawak and lemongrass) to KWT Sri Rejeki and KWT Mekar Sari for starting the intensification of home garden with immune-boosting medical plants. This community service increases the knowledge of the community in Mojolaban Sub-district about the intensification of home gardens with immune-boosting medical plants, the community is also enthusiastic to conduct home garden intensification with immune-boosting medical plants after knowing of benefits that will be obtained.
ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ ДВУХКОМПОНЕНТНОГО НАБОРА ДЕКОНТАМИНАЦИОННЫХ РАСТВОРОВ «ДКР» НА ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЙ МАТЕРИАЛ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ (SARS-CoV-2)
Authors: Колпаков Дмитрий , Корниенко Игорь , Фалеева Татьяна , Арамова Ольга , Иванова Снежана , Полищук Инна , Наумова Мария , Твердохлебова Татьяна , Рындич Антонина , Алексанина Наталья , Матузкова Анна , Суладзе Александр , Сидоренко Юрий
Published: August 2021

В рамках научно-исследовательской работы проведены испытания двухкомпонентного набора деконтаминационных растворов «ДКР», обозначенных «ДКР-1» и «ДКР-2», с целью оценки их влияния на генетический материал возбудителя коронавирусной инфекции (SARS-CoV-2), а также разработки методических подходов в отношении уничтожения возбудителя коронавирусной инфекции (SARS-CoV-2). Экспертное исследование проведено на базе ФБУН «Ростовский научно-исследовательский институт микробиологии и паразитологии» Роспотребнадзора и ФИЦ ««Южный научный центр Российской академии наук».
Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering: A Nonfusion Surgery for Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Bianculli Jessica D.
Published: August 2021

Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is a spinal deformity of unknown etiology, and it is the most common spinal deformity in the pediatric population. The treatment of IS is multifactorial but is determined in part by curve magnitude and remaining skeletal growth. The goal of nonoperative treatment of IS is to prevent curve progression during growth, but if curve magnitude continues to progress, the goal of operative treatment becomes curve correction and stabilization. The current gold standard of treatment for progressive IS is a posterior spinal fusion; however, anterior vertebral body tethering (AVBT) is a newer surgical technique which has emerged as a nonfusion option for the treatment of progressive IS in skeletally immature patients. Many recent clinical studies have garnered evidence that AVBT may be a viable treatment option and an alternative to posterior spinal fusion in patients with remaining growth.
The Effect of Income with Household Consumption on The Welfare of Dodol Potato Businesses Assessed From Islamic Economic Concept
Authors: Cendra Cendra , Fauzi Muhammad , Arzam Arzam , Novia Aidil , Hulwati Hulwati , Bustami Yuserizal , Syarif Dafiar , Mursal Mursal
Published: August 2021

The purposed of this study was to analyze the influence between income and household consumption on the welfare of potatoes taffy business in Lubuk Nagodang Village, Siulak Subdistrict, Kerinci regency. This study was assessing the welfare of taffy business in Islamic economic concepts and indicators. Field research with quantitative-qualitative (Mixed Method) as the method and approach used in this research. The research data was sourced from primary data, using multiple linear regression equations as a data analysis tool. This study was shown that the income partially has a significant effect on the welfare of potatoes taffy business that assessed from the Islamic economic concept. Then, household consumption partially has a significant effect on the welfare of potatoes taffy business assessed from the concept of Islamic economics. Besides, the income with household consumption simultaneously has a significant effect on the welfare of potatoes taffy business assessed from the concept of Islamic economics with a significance value of 0.000 0.05, and both variables contribute 69.2% together, while the remaining 30 ,8% influenced or explained by other factors not discussed in this study.
The Use Of Conventional Banks By Sharia Economic Law Students: Practice, Factors, And Laws
Authors: Thamrin Dzaky Adam , Athief Fauzul Hanif Noor
Published: August 2021

This study aims to reveal the factors and reasons behind the large number of Islamic Economic Law students using conventional banks which are then analysed with an Islamic law approach.The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative and qualitative study. Data collection by survey and interview methods. The data analysis used descriptive and deductive analysis approach.The results of this study found that most students use conventional banks, although half of them are aware of the concern of usury on interest. Nevertheless, in practice, only a small percentage of them separate bank interest from their savings. The majority of the reasons they use conventional banks are based on facilities, family and work. Under Islamic law, the use of conventional banks is haram, although there are cases where it is permissible under Islamic law.
Mapping Muslim Behaviors Through Attitudes And Intentions In Choosing Cash Waqf For Economic Independence
Authors: Hermuningsih Sri , Kirana Kusuma Chandra , Widiastuti Retno
Published: August 2021

Waqf is an Islamic economic instrument that bases its function on the elements of virtue (birr), kindness (ihsan) and fraternity (ukhuwah). This research aims to analyze the factors of Wakif’s motive in choosing cash waqf in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. This study was conducted quantitatively and used Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior. Subjective Norms, Government Support, and Self Efficacy on the attitude and intention of the choice to pay cash waqf were the variables in this research. The objects of this study are those who pay the waqf that involves 98 respondents incorporated in Bazwa. The respondents were divided into four districts consist of 35 respondents from Banguntapan, 23 respondents from Bantul City, 11 respondents from Dlingo, and 29 respondents from Kasihan. Data were collected in two types of primary and secondary data. This study used a validity test, reliability test, and path analysis as the data analysis method. The results of this study indicate the factors that influence wakif’s motive in choosing cash waqf are subjective norms, Government Support, and Self Efficacy. Subjective norms had a significant positive effect on the motive through attitude. Self-efficacy is significant for attitude and insignificant for the motive. In contrast, Government support is not significant for attitude and motive, while attitude is significant for the motive
Digital Currency Studies In Islamic Perspective
Authors: Santoso Bedjo , Rahmana MA Irfan , Surono Atin Anggraini
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the best type of Digital currency according to Islam. This study uses the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) method by developing several alternative digital currencies and attributes (indicators). In addition, this study also uses deductive qualitative analysis. Respondents in this study amounted to 100 people with the sampling technique Area Stratified Purposive Sampling and several selected respondents were interviewed. The results show that Gold-based Digital Money is the best type of Digital currency according to Islam. The main attribute of ownership in Gold-based Digital Money is Usury abolishment capability. Other factors are Gharar Eraducation, Maysir Eraducation, Justice / Fairness Principles, Medium of exchange, Measurement of value, Store of value and Differed payment instrument. In addition, this model can accommodate 7 criteria for the role of currency in the economy.
Analisis Penilaian Financial Distress Dengan Menggunakan Model Altman Z-Score Dan Model Springate Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode Tahun 2015-2019
Authors: Anindyka Febriana , Zulkifli Makhmud
Published: August 2021

The aim of this research to analyze financial distress of Manufature Company by using Altman Z-Score and Springate Models. Moreover, this research aimed to know aims to determine the similarities and differences in the results of the analysis of financial distress assessment using the Altman Z-Score model and the Springate Model. This research used Descriptive statistics and data analysis methods used  in this research were Altman Z-Score and Springate Model. To the finding on the research, it showed that (1) ) After evaluating the Altman Z-Score and Springate models, there are fifty companies that fall into different conditions. (2) The similarities and differences in the results of the Atman Z-Score model and the Springate model are the results of the two models that can be seen from having almost the same variable components and the difference is that the results of the financial distress assessment using the Altman Z-score model and the Springate model show that both These models have different criteria in determining the financial condition of a company.
Pengaruh E-Service Quality dan E-Trust terhadap E-Satisfaction Pada Nasabah Pengguna Aplikasi Mobile Banki¬ng Bank Tabungan Negara Bangkalan
Authors: Mubarok Andika , Kurriwati Nirma
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an effect between e-servqual on e-satisfaction, to find out whether there is an effect between e-trust on e-satisfaction, and to find out whether e-servqual and e-trust have a joint influence on e-satisfaction on customers who use the M-Banking BTN. This study uses quantitative methods, the sampling method used is non-probability sampling. The type of data used is primary data, the data source comes from a questionnaire with a sample size of 100 respondents. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis using validity test, reliability test, normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, autocorrelation test, T test and F test. (1) e-servqual has a positive and significantly on e-satisfaction, (2) e-trust has a positive and significant effect on e-satisfaction, (3) e-servqual and e-trust have a positive and significant effect simultaneously on e-satisfaction on customer application users m-banking BTN
A THE USE OF PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES MODELING IN FINANCE BUSINESS PARTNERING RESEARCH
Authors: Tohari Amin , Faisol Faisol , Rahmad Aeri
Published: August 2021

Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a set of statistical techniques that allows testing a model that is built between one or more endogenous variables with one or more exogenous variables, where each endogenous and exogenous variable can be in the form of latent or a construct built from several variables of manifest or indicator.  There is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on covariance and variance, known as Partial Least Square (PLS), SEM-PLS is a powerful and flexible analysis method. This research discusses about the application of SEM-PLS in the field of managerial accounting system, namely the application of non-financial performance’s role that delivers the sustainability of the company's financial performance. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that partial least squares can be used to model finance business partnering, and it is known that employee performance and internal process performance contribute to achieve the firm’s financial performance.
Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan melalui Motivasi Kerja dan Kompensasi pada PT Matahari Department Store Cabang Cibubur
Authors: Pramularso Eigis Yani
Published: August 2021

Work motivation and compensation are factors that are expected to maintain employee performance. With good work motivation and compensation, it is hoped that employees will always be sincere, have morale, and are happy to do their job. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of work motivation factors and compensation factors on employee performance at PT Matahari Department Store Cibubur Branch. In this study, the population as well as the sample were all employees of the cashier, totaling 32 with data collection using a questionnaire with a five-level Likert scale. Methods of data analysis with multiple regression analysis with data processing techniques using SPPS version 25.0. This study shows that work motivation has a positive but insignificant effect on employee performance, compensation has a positive and significant impact on employee performance, and collectively, employee performance is influenced positively and significantly by work motivation and compensation. The correlation coefficient has a very strong relationship with the R value of 0.876, while the coefficient of determination has an R Square value of 0.767 so that the contribution of work motivation and compensation to employee performance is 76.7%, while the rest is by other factors such as competence and work environment. The conclusion is that employee performance can increase when work motivation and compensation also increase.
Hubungan Antara Kohesivitas Keluarga dan Self Esteem pada Remaja
Authors: Rusdiana Fendi Krisna
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT This study aims to examine the relationship between family cohesiveness and self-esteem in adolescents. The population in this study were students of a private junior high school in Surabaya. The samples taken were students in two class VII and students in two class VIII totaling 110 students. This research uses correlational quantitative method. Sampling using stratified random sampling technique. The data were collected using a family cohesiveness scale and a self-esteem scale. The data analysis technique used is the product moment correlation. The results of data analysis showed a correlation value (r) of 0.411 and a significance value (p) of 0.002. This suggests that there is a relationship between family cohesiveness and self-esteem in adolescents.  ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara kohesivitas keluarga dengan self-esteem pada remaja. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswa salah satu SMP swasta di Surabaya. Sampel yang diambil adalah siswa di dua kelas VII dan siswa di dua kelas VIII berjumlah 110 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala kohesivitas keluarga dan skala self-esteem. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah korelasi product moment. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan nilai korelasi (r) sebesar 0,411 dan nilai signifikansi (p) sebesar 0,002. Hal ini menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kohesivitas keluarga dengan self-esteem pada remaja.
CIGARETTE COMPANY'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONSUMER HEALTH LOSSES AFTER HEALTH WARNING INCLUSION
Authors: Setiawan Ginanjar Adi , Hasanah Uswatun
Published: August 2021

This study aims to examine whether cigarette companies can release responsibility for the health losses of smokers by including warnings on the dangers of smoking on cigarette packages and analyze how responsibility can be imposed on cigarette companies for the health losses of smokers. This research is a normative juridical study with a statute approach. The primary and secondary legal materials obtained are systematized and synchronized through deductive logic, then analysis is carried out using the interpretive method to provide answers to the proposed legal problems. The results show that cigarette business actors can release responsibility for the health losses of consumers due to smoking if the health losses are as stated in the warning of the dangers of smoking on cigarette packages. However, cigarette companies that cause consumer health losses beyond what is stated in the warning of the dangers of smoking contained in cigarette packs, can be liable based on the principle of product responsibility with a variety of the presumption of always being responsible.
THE POSITION OF ADOPTED CHILDREN AS THE HEIR OF DZAWIL ARHAM IN ISLAMIC INHERITANCE LAW SYSTEM (Study on Religious Court Verdict Number: 0002 / Pdt.P / 2013 / Pa.Kp)
Authors: Ali Moh , Hendarto M
Published: August 2021

This research aims to obtain clarity on the appropriate basis of the jury's consideration to set the different classifications of adopted children in the acquisition of the property of the heirs from their adoptive parents as well as the right of an heir dzawil arham in receiving a rest distribution of inheritance as contained in the Decree of the Religious Court Number 0002 / Pdt.P / 2013 / PA.KP based on the perspective of Islamic Law. This research uses a type of Normative Law research by using legislative and an analytical approach. The results show that the determination of classification is different for Applicant I and Petitioner II adopted children in the acquisition of property inherited by their parents as contained in the Determination of Religious Court Number: 0002 / Pdt.P / 2013 / Pa.Kp is not appropriate because both applicants are not included in 10 (ten) group of heirs dzawil arham which agreed upon by the four imams of the sect and not included in group of heirs that arranged in Article 174 paragraph (1) which used as a basis by the judges
Pressure Response of a Horizontal Well in Tight Oil Reservoirs with Stimulated Reservoir Volume
Authors: Chen Peng , Hu Changpeng , Zou Pingguo , Lin Lili , Lu Song , Gao Xincheng
Published: August 2021

Stimulated reservoir volume is an effective stimulation measure and creates a complex fracture network, but the description and characterization of fracture network are very difficult. Well test analysis is a common method to describe the fracture network, and it is the key to build a proper interpretation model. However, most published works only consider the shape of the fractured area or the stress sensitivity effect, and few works take both factors into account. In this paper, based on reservoir properties and flow law after a stimulated reservoir volume, an interpretation model is established with an arbitrary shape of the fractured area and stress sensitivity effect of different flow areas. The model is solved to conduct the pressure response using Laplace transform, point source function, and boundary element theory. The influence of fractures’ parameters and stress sensitivity effect is analyzed on the pressure behavior. Results from this study show that the special flow regimes for a horizontal well with a stimulated reservoir volume are (1) bilinear flow dominated by hydraulic fractures, (2) linear flow dominated by formation around the hydraulic fractures, (3) crossflow from a matrix system to the fractured area, and (4) radial flow control by properties of the fractured area. Parameters of hydraulic fractures mainly affect the early stage of pressure behavior. On the contrary, the stress-sensitive effect mainly affects the middle and late stages; the stronger the stress sensitivity effect is, the more obvious the effect is. The findings of this study can help for better understanding of the fracture network in a tight oil reservoir with a stimulated reservoir volume.
Configuración territorial de los actores sociales involucrados en la gestión del fuego en la sierra de Los Tuxtlas (México)
Authors: Neger Christoph
Published: August 2021

En los últimos años, han cobrado importancia los estudios que resaltan el papel de los diferentes actores sociales que participan en la gestión del fuego. Recientemente, algunos trabajos también han incorporado una visión geográfica, indagando en los aspectos territoriales de la gestión. No obstante, hasta la fecha, existe una carencia de investigaciones de esta índole en las zonas tropicales del mundo. El presente trabajo pretende contribuir a subsanar parcialmente esta laguna de conocimiento, analizando la situación en los últimos años (2016 a 2020) en la sierra de Los Tuxtlas, México, un área con una notable incidencia de incendios forestales. Para ello, se han revisado datos oficiales y se han efectuado entrevistas con representantes de los actores involucrados. El procesamiento de los datos ha incluido el análisis de textos que revela las  diversas actividades realizadas por los actores. Para profundizar en la comprensión de la configuración territorial de los actores, se presenta una cartografía de la geografía organizativa y de las redes de cooperación. Se demuestran áreas con una presencia destacada de diferentes actores y una densa red social pero también otras zonas con poca o nula actividad y se discuten las razones de esta configuración.
Precarity and the Pandemic: A survey of wage issues and Covid-19 impacts amongst migrant seafood workers in Thailand
Authors: Stride Josh
Published: August 2021

This report presents findings from an extensive survey of migrant workers in the Thai seafood industry conducted by the CSO Coalition. The report focuses on the issue of low wages, the gender pay gap and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on these issues and the workers who experience them. It also aims to develop a national discussion around the issues of a living wage and a decent living for the hardworking migrant workers who generate wealth and produce food for wealthy companies and consumers around the world.
Environment-Friendly Deoxygenation of Non-Edible Ceiba oil to Liquid Hydrocarbon Biofuel: Process Parameters and Optimization Study
Authors: Abdullah Nur Hafawati Binti , Asikin-Mijan Nurul Asikin , Taufiq-Yap Yun Hin , Ong Hwai Chyuan , Lee Hwei Voon
Published: August 2021

Non-edible Ceiba oil has feasibility as a sustainable biofuel resource in tropical countries that act as alternative to a portion of the fossil fuels used today.Catalytic deoxygenation of the Ceiba oil (high O/C ratio) was conducted to produce hydrocarbon biofuel (high H/C ratio)over NiO-CaO5/SiO2-Al2O3catalyst with aims of high diesel selectivity and catalyst reusability. In the present study, Box-Behnken experimental design was used to evaluate and optimize liquid hydrocarbon yieldby considering following reaction factors: catalyst loading (1-9 wt.%), reaction temperature (300 - 380°C) and reaction time (30 -180 min). It was discovered that the optimum yield for hydrocarbon fractionsn-(C8 – C20) was 77% under deoxygenation condition of 5 wt.% catalyst loading, reaction temperature of 340°C within 105 min. Besides, deoxygenationmodel indicated that interaction effects of catalyst loading-reaction time influence the deoxygenation activity greatly. Based on the product analysis, oxygenated species(e.g. CO2 and CO) were removed mainly via decarboxylation/decarbonylation (deCOx) pathways. The NiO-CaO5/SiO2-Al2O3 catalyst is stable for five consecutive runs with hydrocarbon fractions within range of 66-75% and n-(C15+C17) selectivity of 64-72% as well. The stability profile of NiO-CaO5/SiO2-Al2O3 catalyst indicated that the catalyst able to maintain deoxygenation reactivity throughout five cycles with hydrocarbon yield of 66-75% and n-(C15+C17) selectivity of 64–72 %. However, coke deposition was noticed for the spent catalyst after several times of usage, which due to the high reaction temperature above 300 oC.
On the Sustainability Performance of the European Union’s Economic Recovery Strategy – A Case Study with Lessons for Policymakers
Authors: Zachariadis Theodoros
Published: August 2021

The European Union pursues an economic recovery strategy with explicit environmental considerations but less clear alignment with broader sustainable development objectives. Using as a case study one national Recovery and Resilience Plan of an EU country that was published in May 2021, we perform a rapid but detailed sustainability assessment of its measures. This method is embedded in a broader framework that combines ex-post sustainability assessments of international organisations with ex-ante assessments of multi-year public budget plans. At times when policymakers need immediate advice, this framework helps identify weaknesses and guide the inclusion of sustainability-oriented policies in national budgets.
Life-history Trait Variation in Native vs. Invasive Asexual New Zealand Mud Snails
Authors: Donne Carina , Larkin Katelyn , Adrian-Tucci Claire , Good Abby , Kephart Carson , Neiman Maurine
Published: August 2021

Potamopyrgus antipodarum is a New Zealand freshwater snail that is invasive worldwide. While native P. antipodarum populations are characterized by frequent coexistence between obligately sexual and obligately asexual individuals, only the asexual snails are known to invade other ecosystems. Despite low genetic diversity and the absence of sex, invasive asexual P. antipodarum are highly successful. Here, we quantified variation in three key life-history traits across invasive P. antipodarum lineages and compared this variation to already documented variation in these same traits in asexual native lineages to provide a deeper understanding of why some lineages become invasive. In particular, we evaluated 1) if invasive lineages of P. antipodarum could be successful because they represent life-history variation from native ancestors that could facilitate invasion, and 2) if invasive populations with higher genetic variation would display relatively high phenotypic variation. We found that invasive snails displayed a non-representative sample of native diversity, with invasive snails growing more slowly and maturing more rapidly than their native counterparts. These results are consistent with expectations of a scenario where invasive lineages represent a subset of native variation that is beneficial in the setting of invasion. Nevertheless, there was no evidence for a relationship between genetic and phenotypic variation, indicating that increased genetic variation does not necessarily translate into greater phenotypic variation, and consistent with earlier studies suggesting an important role for phenotypic plasticity in the P. antipodarum invasion. Together, these results help illuminate the mechanisms driving the worldwide expansion of invasive populations of these snails.
Early Parenteral Amino Acid Supplementation Reduces the Risk of Neonatal Hyperkalemia in Preterm Infants: Single-Center Retrospective Study.
Authors: Suga Kenichi , Wakata Yoshifumi , Tanaka Manami , Takeuchi Shunsuke , Osumi Keita , Suzue Masashi , Nakagawa Ryuji , Kagami Shoji
Published: August 2021

The incidence of neonatal hyperkalemia in preterm infants was high in the early 2000s. However, the prevalence has declined recently, and the reason for the decline remains unclear. The development of neonatal hyperkalemia can be influenced by suppression of insulin secretion due to hypercatabolism; thus, early parenteral amino acid supplementation, which is now widespread for nutritional management for preterm infants, may have contributed to the decline. We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study with 225 preterm infants inborn between 240/7 and 316/7 weeks of gestation during 2009–2018. We compared the incidence of neonatal hyperkalemia between those with or without early parenteral amino acid supplementation (initiated within 24 h after birth). We included 150 infants with early AA supplementation from the first day of life and 75 controls. The incidence of neonatal hyperkalemia was significantly lower in the AA group than the control group (2.7% vs 12.4%, p<0.05). In multivariate analysis, the risk of hyperkalemia increased with delivery at <28 weeks and decreased with AA supplementation (adjusted odds ratio 0.11; 95% confidence interval 0.02–0.56, p<0.01). In conclusion, early AA supplement from the first day of life might have a prophylactic effect on neonatal hyperkalemia in preterm infants.
Membrane thickness, lipid phase and sterol type are determining factors in the permeability of membranes to small solutes
Authors: Frallicciardi Jacopo , Melcr Josef , Siginou Pareskevi , Marrink Siewert , Poolman Bert
Published: August 2021

Cell membranes provide a selective semi-permeable barrier to the passive transport of molecules. This property differs greatly between organisms. While the cytoplasmic membrane of bacterial cells is highly permeable for weak acids and glycerol, yeasts can maintain large concentration gradients. Here we show that such differences can arise from the physical state of the plasma membrane. By combining stopped-flow kinetic measurements with molecular dynamics simulations, we performed a systematic analysis of the permeability through synthetic lipid membranes to obtain detailed molecular insight into the permeation mechanisms. While membrane thickness is an important parameter for the permeability through fluid membranes, the largest differences occur when the membranes transit from the liquid-disordered to liquid-ordered and/or to gel state. By comparing our results with in vivo measurements from yeast, we conclude that the yeast membrane exists in a highly ordered and rigid state, which is comparable to synthetic saturated DPPC-sterol membranes.
Imaging protein conformational space in liquid water
Authors: Ruiz-Perez Lorena , Marchello Gabriele , De Pace Cesare , Acosta-Gutierrez Silvia , Ing Gabriel , Wilkinson Neil , Gervasio Francesco , Battaglia Giuseppe , Werner Finn , Pilotto Simona
Published: August 2021

Recent developments in electron-transparent materials have paved the way for liquid-phase electron microscopy (LPEM) leading to an unprecedented understanding of the structure and dynamics of specimens in their liquid environment. Image reconstruction in liquid-state poses several challenges, and most importantly, it undermines the single-particle analysis assumption that the three-dimensional objects captured on the image sensor are identical. We propose the combination of all-atom simulations with LPEM to complement structural studies with dynamic investigations. In this work, we exploited LPEM to image the dynamics of particles undergoing Brownian motion, using their natural rotation to access the particle structural landscape for reconstructing its architecture in 3D using tomographic techniques. We have selected two test cases for our approach according to prior data accessibility and physiological environment factors: apoferritin and archaeal RNA polymerase. We show that the adopted approach allows to achieve sub-nanometer spatial resolutions of protein structures, either imaging proteins one by one and assessing different conformational states or combining several proteins into one statistical conformational ensemble.
Analysis on Pregnancy Outcomes and Risk Factors of Cervical Polypectomy During the First and Second Trimester Pregnancy
Authors: Huang Yu-luan , Chen Rui-zhe , Le Fang
Published: August 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors of miscarriage in patients attempted cervical polypectomy during the first and second trimester pregnancy.Methods: Pregnant women with singleton infants who underwent cervical polypectomy during the first and second trimester between January 2013 to May 2019 were investigated. The study retrospectively reviewed the clinical features and pregnancy outcomes after cervical polypectomy. A multivariable regression was performed to predict the risk factors of miscarriage. Results: A total of 307 pregnant females were eventually included in our study. 27 patients (8.8%, 27/307) had a miscarriage before 28 weeks, 37 patients (12.1%, 37/307) had a preterm delivery. After univariate analysis, we found that the presence of decidual polyps and vaginal bleeding after polypectomy were the risk factors for miscarriage. Moreover, the incidence of miscarriage was significantly higher in the patients with decidual polyps than in those with endocervical polyps (14.9% vs.5.6%, p=0.010). Conclusion: The most suitable hemostasis method should be taken in the cervical polypectomy during pregnancy. The risk of miscarriage associated with polypectomy during pregnancy is higher in females with decidual polyps. If they do not cause excessive vaginal bleeding and can be ruled out the possibility of malignancy, conservative treatment may lead to a better outcome.
Outpatient Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Medicines Dispensing in the Population with Government Health Insurance in Syria Between 2018-2019: A Retrospective Analysis.
Authors: Aljadeeah Saleh , Nagel Eckhard , Wirtz Veronika J.
Published: August 2021

Background:Low- and middle-income countries bear the highest burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) mortality and morbidity. Syria has undergone an epidemiological transition from infectious diseases to NCDs in the past decades. Despite the high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes in Syria, little is known about medicines utilization or prescriptions for these diseases. The aims of this study are to present the patterns and rates of dispensing medicines used for CVDs and diabetes among patients with government health insurance in Syria and examine age, sex, and regional variation in the dispensing of these medicines.MethodsOutpatient data from June 2018 to May 2019 on dispensed medicines for 81,314 adults with government health insurance were obtained. The dispensing rate was expressed as the number of defined daily doses (DDDs) per 1,000 beneficiaries per day (DID). The number of DIDs was adjusted according to beneficiaries’ sex, age, and governorate.ResultsBeneficiaries received 337.75 DIDs of CVDs medicines and 35.66 DIDs of diabetes medicines, including 0.96 DID of insulin. CVDs and diabetes medicine dispensing rates were low during the study period and included very low rates of insulin dispensing. There were lower dispensing rates of CVDs and diabetes medicines among female beneficiaries. In addition, there were lower rates of CVDs and diabetes medicines and very low to no dispensing of insulin in some governorates that were only partly controlled by the Syrian government.ConclusionsAdditional efforts are needed to raise awareness about the prevention and management of CVDs and diabetes especially among females in Syria and consider cultural issues that might influence access to healthcare services. There is a crucial need to address the political and geographical challenges caused by the conflict which have limited access to CVDs and diabetes medicines in some regions in Syria.
The Association of CTLA-4 rs231775 and rs3087243 Polymorphisms With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Pang Haipeng , Luo Shuoming , Huang Gan , Li Xia , Xie Zhiguo , Zhou Zhiguang
Published: August 2021

BackgroundPolymorphisms rs231775 and rs3087243 of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) gene have been associated with risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). However, the results were inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the relationship between polymorphisms rs231775 and rs3087243 of CTLA-4 and LADA in a larger pooled population by performing a meta-analysis. MethodsSystematic search for eligible studies was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Case-control studies containing genotype frequencies of polymorphisms rs231775 or rs3087243 of CTLA-4 gene were selected, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the associations between polymorphisms of CTLA-4 and LADA in allelic genetic model, dominant genetic model, and recessive genetic model. ResultsA total of eleven studies, in which five studies reported rs231775, two studies reported rs3087342, and four studies reported both rs231775 and rs3087243, were identified. Among them, one study wasn’t included in the following meta-analysis because the distribution of genotypes in the control group didn’t comply with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Significant associations with susceptibility to LADA were detected for rs231775 (785 cases and 3435 controls, allelic genetic model OR 1.53, 95%CI 1.22-1.92; dominant genetic model OR 2.16, 95%CI 1.43-3.28; recessive genetic model OR 1.49, 95%CI 1.13-1.97) and for rs3087243 (820 cases and 4824 controls, allelic genetic model OR 1.26, 95%CI 1.03-1.55; dominant genetic model OR 1.11, 95%CI 0.88-1.40; recessive genetic model OR 1.41, 95%CI 1.07-1.86) in overall population. Further subgroup analyses for ethnicity (Asian, Caucasian, and African) have also indicated the positive association between rs231775 and LADA. As for rs3087243, subgroup analyses detected the association between polymorphism and LADA in Caucasian population under recessive model. ConclusionsPolymorphisms rs231775 and rs3087243 of CTLA-4 gene are potential risk factors for LADA and may serve as novel genetic biomarkers of LADA.
Shape adaptive IRS Enhanced SAG IoT Network
Authors: Qi Fei , Li Wenjing , Yu Peng , Feng Lei , Zhou Fanqin
Published: August 2021

6G technology connects physical and digital, and ubiquitous 6G services will provide convenience to users around the world. The concept of the world-earth integrated network is to seamlessly integrate these three subnets to better adapt to future development. This article introduces the world-earth integrated network and shapeadaptive IRS antenna technology. The shape-adaptive IRS antenna described in this article is made of flexible materials, and the physical shape of the antenna can be changed according to different situations, and specific radiation beams can be generated according to functional requirements. And the effectiveness of the shape-adaptive IRS antenna technology has been proven in the simulation results.
A case-control clinical trial on the diagnostic performance for Alzheimer’s Disease of a deep learning-based classification system using brain magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Bae Jong Bin , Lee Subin , Oh Hyunwoo , Sung Jinkyeong , Lee Dongsoo , Han Jiwon , Kim Jun Sung , Kim Jae Hyoung , Kim Sang Eun , Kim Ki Woong
Published: August 2021

Objective

To investigate diagnostic performance of a deep learning-based classification system using structural brain MRI (DLCS) for Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Methods

A single-center, case-control clinical trial was conducted. T1-weighted brain MRI scans of 188 patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to AD and 162 cognitively normal controls were retrospectively collected. The patients were amyloid beta (Aβ)-positive, whereas the controls were Aβ-negative, on 18F-florbetaben positron emission tomography. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were calculated to evaluate the performance of DLCS in the classification of Aβ-positive AD patients from Aβ-negative controls.
Results

The DLCS was excellent in classifying AD patients from normal controls; sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for AD were 85.6% (95%CI, 79.8–90), 90.1% (95%CI, 84.5–94.2), 91.0% (95%CI, 86.3–94.1), 84.4% (95%CI, 79.2–88.5), and 0.937 (95%CI, 0.911–0.963), respectively.
Conclusion

The DLCS shows promise in clinical settings where it may improve early detection of AD in any individual who has undergone an MRI scan regardless of purpose.
Trial registration:

Korean Clinical Trials Registry, KCT0004758. Registered 21 February 2020, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/17665.
Antitumor Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Hormonotoxin, an LHRH Analog Conjugated to Dermaseptin-B2, a Multifunctional Antimicrobial Peptide
Authors: COUTY Mickael , DUSAUD Marie , MIRO-PADOVANI Mickael , ZHANG Liuhui , ZADIGUE Patricia , ZARGARIAN Loussiné , LEQUIN Olivier , TAILLE Alexandre DE LA , DELBE Jean , HAMMA-KOURBALI Yamina , AMICHE Mohamed
Published: August 2021

Prostate cancer represents the most common cancer in men. For patients with advanced or metastatic form, treatments will be able to slow down the progression but cannot cure it even with the used of new targeted therapies. In this context, the development of innovative drugs resulting from the exploration of biodiversity could open new therapeutic alternatives. Dermaseptin-B2 (DRS-B2), a natural multifunctional antimicrobial peptide isolated from the Amazonian frog skin, has been reported to possess antitumor and antiangiogenic activities. To improve DRS-B2 pharmacological properties and target prostate tumor cells more specifically, we have developed a chimeric molecule, called Hormonotoxin (H-B2) which is composed of a DRS-B2 combined with a hormonal analog, d-Lys6-LHRH, to target LHRH-Receptor which is overexpressed in more than 85% of prostate cancers. In vitro H-B2 has a significant antiproliferative effect on the PC3 tumor cell line, with an IC50 value close to that of DRS-B2. The antitumor activity of H-B2 was confirmed in vivo in mouse model xenografted with PC3 tumors and appears to be better tolerated than DRS-B2. Biophysical experiments showed that the addition of the hormonal analog to DRS-B2 did not alter either its secondary structure or its biological activity. Combination of different experimental approaches indicated that H-B2 induces cell death by an apoptotic mechanism whereas DRS-B2 was shown to induce it by necrosis. These results could explain the H-B2 less toxicity compared to DRS-B2. H-B2 represents a promising targeting approach for cancer therapy.
Effects of 6-week Traditional and Functional Resistance on Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Young Men
Authors: Zuo Chongwen , Li Qing , Zhang Li , Bo Shumin
Published: August 2021

(1) Background: The present study attempted to determine and compare the vascular impact of traditional and functional resistance training on arterial stiffness. (2) Methods: The present study was conducted in 29 untrained healthy young males aged 18–29 years who were randomly divided into two groups, namely traditional resistance training (TRT, n = 15) and functional resistance training (FRT, n = 14). All subjects underwent numerous tests before and after the 6-week training such as body composition, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), blood pressure, heart rate, and maximal strength. The exercise training comprised whole-body strength training exercises 3 days a week for 6 weeks. The total training volume and number of sets (4–5 sets) were kept constantly similar in each group. The TRT group completed 4–5 sets of 8–12 repetitions [70% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM)], whereas the FRT group completed 4–5 sets of 15–22 repetitions (40–50% of 1RM). (3) Results: After the 6-week intervention, lean body mass (TRT: Pre: 59.5 ± 5.4 kg; Post: 60.4 ± 4.9 kg vs. FRT: Pre: 57.7 ± 6.7 kg; Post: 58.8 ± 5.9 kg) significantly increased in both TRT and FRT groups, whereas body fat (TRT: Pre: 18.8% ± 5.8%; Post: 16.5% ± 5.3% vs. FRT: Pre: 16.7% ±4.6%; Post: 15.3% ± 4.7%), R-CAVI (TRT: Pre: 6.2 ± 0.6 m/sec; Post: 5.7 ± 0.6 m/sec vs. FRT: Pre: 5.9 ± 0.5 m/sec; Post: 5.3 ± 0.6 m/sec), and L-CAVI (TRT: Pre: 6.2 ± 0.6 m/sec; Post: 5.7 ± 0.6 m/sec vs. FRT: Pre: 6.0 ± 0.6 m/sec; Post: 5.4 ± 0.6 m/sec) decreased. Additionally, the maximal strength increased significantly in both the groups (p < 0.01). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. (4) Conclusions: A similar training volume of TRT and FRT with unstable surface significantly decreased body fat and arterial stiffness and improved lean body mass and maximal muscle strength in young men.
Early Gene Expression Response of Barley Root Tip to Toxic Concentrations of Cadmium
Authors: Liptáková Ľubica , Demecsová Loriana , Valentovičová Katarína , Zelinová Veronika , Tamás Ladislav
Published: August 2021

Even a short, 30 min, Cd treatment of roots induced a considerable alteration in gene expression in the barley root tips within an hour after the treatments. The very early activation of MYB1 transcription factor expression is partially regulated by auxin signaling in mildly stressed seedlings. An increase in allene oxide cyclase and NADPH oxidase expression was a distinguishing feature of root tips response to mild Cd stress and their expression is activated via IAA signaling. Meanwhile, early changes in the level of dehydrin transcripts were detected in moderately and severely stressed root tips, and their induction is related to altered ROS homeostasis in cells. The early activation of glutathione peroxidase expression by mild Cd stress indicates the involvement of IAA in the signaling process. In contrast, early APX expression was induced only with Cd treatment causing severe stress and ROS play central roles in its induction. The expression of cysteine protease was activated similarly in both mildly and severely Cd-stressed roots; consequently, both increased IAA and ROS levels take part in the regulation of C-Prot expression. The Cd-evoked accumulation of BAX Inhibitor-1 mRNA was characteristic for moderately and severely stressed roots. Whereas decreased IAA level did not affect its expression, rotenone-mediated ROS depletion markedly reduced the Cd-induced expression of BAX Inhibitor-1. An early increase of alternative oxidase levels in the root tip cells indicated that the reduction of mitochondrial superoxide generation is an important component of barley root response to severe Cd stress.