bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining Minimally Important Differences in Functional Outcomes in Musculoskeletal Oncology
Authors: Gazendam Aaron M. , Schneider Patricia , Bhandari Mohit , Busse Jason W. , Ghert Michelle ,   on behalf of the PARITY Investigators
Published: July 2022

Background:

Functional outcomes are commonly reported in studies of patients undergoing limb-salvage surgery for the treatment of musculoskeletal tumors; however, interpretation requires knowledge of the smallest amount of improvement that is important to patients: the minimally important difference (MID). We established the MIDs for the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Rating Scale-93 (MSTS-93) and Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) for patients with bone tumors undergoing lower-extremity endoprosthetic reconstruction.

Methods:

This study was a secondary analysis of the recently completed PARITY (Prophylactic Antibiotic Regimens in Tumor Surgery) study. We used MSTS-93 and TESS data from this trial to calculate (1) the anchor-based MIDs with use of an overall function scale and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and (2) the distribution-based MIDs based on one-half of the standard deviation of the change scores from baseline to the 12-month follow-up and one-half the standard deviation of baseline scores.

Results:

Five hundred and ninety-one patients were available for analysis. The Pearson correlation coefficients for the association between changes in MSTS-93 and TESS scores and changes in the external anchor scores were 0.71 and 0.57, indicating high and moderate correlations. The anchor-based MID was 12 points for the MSTS-93 and 11 points for the TESS. Distribution-based MIDs were larger: 16 to 17 points for the MSTS-93 and 14 points for the TESS.

Conclusions:

Two methods for determining MIDs for the MSTS-93 and TESS for patients undergoing lower-extremity endoprosthetic reconstruction for musculoskeletal tumors yielded quantitatively different results. We suggest the use of anchor-based MIDs, which are grounded in changes in functional status that are meaningful to patients. These thresholds can facilitate responder analyses and indicate whether significant differences following interventions are clinically important to patients.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Cervical Myelopathy due to Odontoid Fracture Induced by Spinal Involvement of Xanthoma Disseminatum
Authors: Asada Tomoyuki , Koda Masao , Teramura Shin , Sugita Shohei , Matsuoka Ryota , Yamazaki Masashi
Published: July 2022

Case:

A 47-year-old Japanese woman with a medical history of xanthoma disseminatum (XD) presented with posterior neck pain and abnormal gait without a history of trauma. Imaging studies revealed odontoid process thinning resulting in its fracture due to XD involvement in the atlantoaxial joint and subsequent cervical myelopathy. Posterior C1-C2 fusion surgery improved the patient's symptoms. An XD lesion around the odontoid process was confirmed intraoperatively.

Conclusion:

We report cervical myelopathy caused by XD involvement in the C1-C2 joint, showing that early fusion surgery is critical for treating pathological fractures in patients with XD.
Proximal Thoracic Kyphoscoliosis with Dorsal Myelopathy in a Case of Congenital Absence of Thoracic Pedicles
Authors: Rai Abhishek Kumar , Rathod Tushar Narayan , Mohanty Shubhranshu Shekhar , Hadole Bhushan Sunil , Kolur Shivaprasad Sharangouda
Published: July 2022

Case:

A 14-year-old boy with proximal thoracic kyphoscoliosis associated with the bilateral absence of thoracic pedicles presented with progressive deformity, paraparesis, and difficulty in ambulation. The case was managed by preoperative halo traction, single-stage 2-level vertebral column resection, decompression, and arthrodesis of thoracic vertebrae. Two years postoperatively, the patient showed neurological improvement, leading to unassisted ambulation and fusion at the corpectomy site.

Conclusion:

Preoperative halo-gravity traction restores the sagittal and coronal balance, improves the functional status of the patient, and corrects the deformity to some extent. 3D printed models help in better understanding of osseous anatomy and minimizing intraoperative time.
Variant Salter-Harris Type III Distal Ulna “T” Fracture in the Setting of Galeazzi Equivalent Wrist Injury
Authors: Puneky George A. , Dickerson Thomas E. , Harimtepathip Peter P. , Bryan Cory A.
Published: July 2022

Case:

An 11-year-old Caucasian boy presented to the emergency department with a displaced, closed, Galeazzi equivalent (GE) left wrist fracture sustained after a fall. Closed reduction was deemed unsatisfactory because of persistent displacement of the distal ulna epiphysis. An open reduction of the distal ulna and percutaneous fracture pinning was performed. At 1 year, the patient reported return to his preinjury baseline. No evidence of subsequent pathologic growth was detected on follow-up imaging.

Conclusion:

Open anatomic reduction of the distal ulna epiphysis and percutaneous fracture pinning may improve patient outcomes and limit progressive wrist deformity when treating GE wrist injuries.
As Contribuições sobre os estudos hídricos por meio do ensino investigativo
Authors: Aparecida Pereira Sandy , Do Amaral e Silva Müller Gabrielle , De Lourdes Pereira Salete
Published: July 2022

Os recursos hídricos são fundamentais à manutenção da vida, sobretudo à humana. Embora as atividades humanas tenham causado empobrecimento da qualidade das águas de aquíferos, rios e mares, por outro lado, ocorre um aumento da consciência ambiental para diminuir os impactos causados pelo homem no meio ambiente. Tendo em vista, a relevância do tema, o presente trabalho do Curso de Especialização Ciência é 10 – C10 abordou o eixo ambiente com o subtema “Pegada ecológica”, direcionando para a utilização da unidade temática da água. O principal objetivo foi sensibilizar os estudantes sobre o consumo consciente da água utilizando o ensino por investigação e integrando aspectos ambientais e matemáticos, por meio de cálculos e situações-problema a serem desenvolvidas pelos alunos em relação às faturas de consumo de água de suas próprias residências.
Diagnóstico sobre as dificuldades de aprendizagem da geometria no ensino médio e os potenciais elementos facilitadores
Authors: De Lima Bissolotti Mariane , Titon Flaviane Predebon
Published: July 2022

As discussões e resultados aqui abarcados são originários de uma pesquisa em nível de pós-graduação lato sensu, realizada durante o curso de Especialização em Educação Matemática do Instituto Federal Catarinense- IFC Campus Concórdia, entre os anos de 2020 e 2022. A partir do estudo bibliográfico, compreendido enquanto parte da pesquisa qualitativa, e referente às aprendizagens deficitárias com relação a Geometria no Ensino Médio, investigou-se as formas de trabalho e estratégias de uso de materiais e tecnologias pelos professores de Matemática, dimensionando o que se considera como “facilitadores das aprendizagens dos alunos”. A pesquisa deu-se através da seleção de textos em plataformas de publicação de trabalhos acadêmico-científicos, obtendo-se oito produções em achados online, disponíveis em páginas de eventos e acervos digitais. Baseado no exposto, após um “estado da arte” sobre a problemática associada ao déficit de aprendizagem em Geometria no Ensino Médio da Educação Básica, foi construída uma narrativa bibliográfica de cada um dos textos selecionados e analisado o que cada autor coloca como elemento(s) responsável(is) pela dificuldade dos alunos no aprendizado da Geometria no Ensino Médio. Além disso, a análise traça estratégias, metodologias e recursos compreendidos como elementos facilitadores da aprendizagem. Os resultados indicam algumas das possíveis causas - diagnóstico - sobre as dificuldades dos alunos, entre elas a formação inadequada do professor que ensina matemática e o advento do Movimento da Matemática Moderna e sua influência curricular no Ensino Médio. Dentre os elementos facilitadores de aprendizagem, estão as metodologias diferentes da tradicional, associadas a Resolução de Problemas e ao uso das Tecnologias.
A prática do professor e a aprendizagem dos alunos sobre o ensino de frações: Um estudo de caso no oitavo ano de uma escola estadual de Seara/SC
Authors: Vani Luciana Maria , Duarte de Souza Lindomar , Trainotti Andressa
Published: July 2022

Neste artigo investiga-se as dificuldades dos alunos do 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola estadual do município de Seara/SC na aprendizagem de fração. São muitas as dificuldades do estudante no aprendizado do conteúdo de fração e isto ocorre devido a diferentes fatores como traumas, pensamentos de que a Matemática é algo complexo, “bicho de sete cabeças”, impossível de se entender até as questões metodológicas de ensino do próprio professor. As dificuldades na aprendizagem referem-se ao desenvolvimento cognitivo, construção e noções básicas da matemática básica, princípios numéricos, entraves na resolução e compreensão do problema, falta de conhecimento dos conceitos principais, prática metodológica não facilitadora à aprendizagem do conteúdo, aversão à disciplina de matemática etc. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de questionário online e exercício precedido de uma análise qualitativa. Constatamos que as principais dificuldades dos alunos em relação a fração estão nos conteúdos sobre conceitos fracionários, aversão à aprendizagem na disciplina de Matemática, leitura e interpretação. Dessa maneira, se faz necessário que haja uma maior atenção quanto ao acompanhamento da compreensão e aprendizagem dos alunos no conteúdo de fração, visando, sempre, uma forma de contribuir significativamente à superação das dificuldades encontradas e um ensino baseado numa metodologia facilitadora à compreensão significativa.
O ensino de Matemática na rede municipal de Concórdia/SC no contexto da pandemia: perspectivas à formação de professores a partir do TPACK
Authors: Elisa Moretto Pelizzaro Thaís , Ricardo Pereira de Lucena Silva Jackson , Richit Andriceli
Published: July 2022

O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar aspectos do Conhecimento Tecnológico e Pedagógico do Conteúdo (TPACK) que impactaram as práticas pedagógicas dos professores de Matemática do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de ensino de Concórdia/SC no contexto do ensino remoto, compreendendo como foi a construção e utilização do TPACK durante o período pandêmico. Nesta perspectiva, percebe-se que ministrar aulas almejando o aprendizado efetivo dos alunos, em um momento marcado pela pandemia da Covid-19, tornou-se uma adversidade singular. Frente a isso, os professores, nas diversas áreas do conhecimento, se viram obrigados a reinventar as formas de ensino, as quais seguiam o modelo remoto, utilizando os meios digitais e tornando a tarefa do professor mais desafiadora e importante, passível de uma adaptação ao mundo tecnológico. Neste contexto, na primeira seção a pesquisa conduz a compreensão do conceito e dos aspectos da construção do TPACK apresentado por Mishra e Koehler (2006). Para tanto, na segunda seção será pormenorizado o desenvolvimento do projeto ao qual serão tratados os dados coletados através de questionário, pleiteando os aspectos da formação acadêmica, conhecimentos tecnológicos, capacitação, aprendizagem, métodos e dificuldades de ensino, os quais serão apreciados através da Análise do Conteúdo, sendo que a pesquisa seguirá uma abordagem qualitativa de natureza interpretativa. Por meio deste artigo é possível compreender como a construção do TPACK no contexto da pandemia se desenvolveu e impactou as práticas pedagógicas no ensino remoto, tendo em vista as dificuldades e superações enfrentadas pelos professores em um avanço tecnológico que não poderá retroagir.
A importância da resolução de problemas no ensino significativo da matemática: perspectivas discentes
Authors: Bruna Gritti Tauane , Nivia Reisdoefer Deise
Published: July 2022

Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida no curso de Especialização em Educação Matemática do Instituto Federal Catarinense – Campus Concórdia, no período de junho a setembro de 2021. A problemática que impulsionou a investigação é: como a Resolução de Problemas pode promover o ensino significativo de Matemática para alunos de sextos anos? Os sujeitos desta pesquisa foram alunos de sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental e a pesquisadora, docente da turma. A justificativa baseia-se em dois argumentos principais: mesmo que a Resolução de Problemas não seja um tema novo no âmbito do ensino da Matemática, muitas vezes é confundida com resolução de exercícios; e além da experiência da pesquisadora em turmas de sextos anos, em que grande parte dos alunos apresentam dificuldade na Resolução de Problemas. No que diz respeito à metodologia, caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo com abordagem narrativa, tendo como textos de campo um questionário aberto composto de duas questões, os registros das atividades desenvolvidas pelos sujeitos durante a pesquisa e o diário de bordo. Para a composição dos textos de pesquisa, a escrita das análises deu-se por meio de cartas (CLANDININ; CONNELLY, 2015). Em relação aos resultados, foi possível verificar que a Resolução de Problemas promoveu o ensino significativo da Matemática, por meio do desenvolvimento do raciocínio, da autoconfiança e da independência desenvolvida nos sujeitos.
Modelagem matemática como uma alternativa de ensino na disciplina de física
Authors: Pedron Vilmar José , De Oliveira Veloso Gilmar
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o perfil dos professores de Física quanto ao uso da Modelagem Matemática em aulas de Física do ensino médio, nas escolas públicas, estaduais e federal do município de Concórdia e região, através de uma abordagem quali-quantitativa. Atualmente, os recursos didáticos mais utilizados pelos professores de Física, são problemas contextualizados, simulações computacionais e atividades experimentais que incentivem o raciocínio lógico e o espírito crítico do aluno. Na prática, observa-se que a maioria dos professores de Física não utilizam a MM. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário seguido da análise dos mesmos. Na tentativa de validar a hipótese de que o uso da MM no ensino de Física é pouco utilizado por representar ou falta de preparação/conhecimento dos professores ou uma demanda muito grande de trabalho para os professores ou ambas; também foi utilizada a pesquisa bibliográfica através da internet em sites de revistas eletrônicas e em anais de congressos da área. No presente trabalho, foram entrevistados 21 professores, desses, 85,71% afirmaram conhecer a metodologia e 66,67% não utilizam em sala de aula. O principal motivo de não utilizar a MM em sala de aula, foi a falta de tempo para planejamento, sendo a utilização de exercícios, a metodologia mais utilizada. Referente ao livro didático, aproximadamente 86% dos docentes utilizam como recurso metodológico, contudo, desses, apenas 33% disseram que esses livros trabalham com a MM. Com isso, recomenda-se formações para os professores, para que estes, utilizem mais MM em suas aulas.
A docência em matemática num contexto de ensino remoto
Authors: Brückmann da Silva Adriana , Fracaro Adonis Rogério
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo relatar os dados obtidos de uma pesquisa, proveniente da aplicação de um questionário, para verificar como foi desenvolvido o trabalho dos professores de Matemática ao longo do ano letivo de 2020 num contexto de ensino remoto, em virtude da pandemia da COVID-19. Os questionários foram aplicados de forma online, encaminhados por meio do Whatsapp e outras redes sociais, a professores atuantes na Educação Básica, em redes públicas e privadas de ensino. Por meio desta pesquisa, objetivou-se evidenciar a forma como os professores (re)organizaram suas aulas, com o intuito de dar continuidade ao ano letivo. Também buscou-se analisar quais foram os impactos do ensino remoto no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos, tendo em vista as diferentes metodologias de ensino utilizadas pelos professores em suas práticas pedagógicas. E por fim, são apresentadas as dificuldades enfrentadas por estes docentes durante o ensino remoto além das reflexões apontadas por eles sobre as aprendizagens adquiridas ao longo de todo o caminho percorrido em 2020.
Sensory taste assessment of Gayo Volcano Arabica Coffee of variety using the analytical hierarchy process method
Authors:   Syiah Kuala Universitas, FADHIL Rahmat , SAFRIZAL S ,   Syiah Kuala Universitas, MUHIR Anzar ,   Syiah Kuala Universitas
Published: July 2022

Volcano arabica coffee is one of the best coffee derived from Gayo Highlands, Aceh Province, Indonesia. That coffee was cultivated in a volcanic region, therefore as known as Gayo volcano arabica coffee. Several varieties from Gayo volcano arabica coffee were included Borbor, Timtim, and P88. Gayo volcano arabica coffee was a low caffeine coffee with a taste exceeding the Blue Mountain coffee from Jamaica which was determined using sensory assessment. This study aims to conduct a sensory taste assessment from Gayo volcano arabica coffee variety using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. The AHP method is one of the easiest methods to produce an output calculated based on the input and weight value. Sensory assessment criteria have consisted the flavour, sweetness, aftertaste, body, and acidity. The preference for the best criteria based on the panellists was included taste (0.280), then the sweet criteria (0.253), after tasting (0.212); body (0.140); and acidity (0.115). The estimation was tested with a consistency ratio under 0.1 (10%). The results of the sensory assessment of the acceptance of Gayo volcano arabica coffee products showed that the P-88 variety with full-wash processing (0.206) was the product with the highest approval. Then followed by the Borbor variety with full-wash (0.176) and semi-wash processing (0.166), then the Timtim variety with semi-wash (0.166) and full-wash processing (0.164). The P-88 variety with semi-wash processing (P88) was the product with the lowest level of acceptance by the panellists. This finding was most important for the commercial development of arabica volcano coffee in the future. The varieties associated with the highest acceptable taste became the better necessary varieties to cultivation and developt for farmers and agroindustry.
Simulation modeling of equipment operating modes of complex mechanized coal mine face
Authors:   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, KUBRIN Sergey , RESHETNYAK Sergey ,   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, ZAKORSHMENNY Iosif ,   Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, KARPENKO Sergey ,   National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Currently, a large number of scientific, technical, technological and organizational studies are being conducted in order to reduce the cost of underground coal mining. This is due to a certain decrease in the cost of coal, both on the world and on the domestic market. It should be noted that the complex mechanized face of a coal mine is the beginning of the technological chain of underground coal mining, on which the activity of the entire coal mining enterprise depends. In addition, the growth of digitalization in other industries is pushing mining enterprises to implement modern digital solutions in their organizations. Therefore, special attention should be paid to modeling the operating modes of equipment for complex mechanized coal mine face. The purpose of the research is to build simulation models of the main technological equipment of a complex mechanized coal mine face with a sufficient degree of adequacy to real equipment. Research methodology. The article uses simulation modeling of equipment for complex mechanized coal mine face, presented in the Matlab software product (models of a dredging combine, a lava conveyor, a crusher, a loader). The Eickhoff SL-300 (option 4) acts as a prototype of the simulation model of the dredging combine, the prototype of the avalanche conveyor model is the FFC–9 Glinik conveyor, the prototype of the crusher model is the FLB-10G Glinik crusher, the prototype of the loader model is the FSL-9 Glinik loader. It should be noted that this equipment is installed at the excavation site of the Polysaevskaya coal mine of the Komsomolets mine Management of SUEK-Kuzbass JSC. The presented simulation models of the equipment of complex mechanized coal mine face allow you to set different values, both in electrical and technological parameters. Research results. As a result of the conducted research, simulation models of complex mechanized slaughter of highperformance coal with a high degree of adequacy were obtained. Conclusions. The proposed simulation models of the complex mechanized face of a high-performance coal mine will allow us to investigate the operating modes and optimize them according to the criterion of increased energy efficiency, which will affect the reduction of the cost of coal mining by underground method.
Multi-chamber downhole hydraulic machine of rotary type for wells drilling
Authors:   Limited Liability Partnership “Scientifi c Innovation Center “ALMAS”, MENDEBAEV Toktamys , SMASHOV Nurlan ,   Limited Liability Partnership “Scientifi c Innovation Center “ALMAS”
Published: July 2022

An analytical review of the design features and technological capabilities of the most common serial downhole hydraulic motors (screw, turbine) designed for drilling wells without rotation of the drill string and in which the pressure flow of the working fluid is used as a source of energy for the rotation of the rock cutting tool is made. A design scheme of a multi-chamber rotary hydraulic machine according to the “rotating stator around a fixed rotor” scheme is proposed, which allows maximum use of the potential energy of the working fluid converted at the moment of stator rotation. Theoretical calculations were performed to determine the functional dependence of the technical and energy characteristics of a multi-chamber downhole hydraulic machine of a rotary type with a stator diameter of 196 mm. A comparative analysis of the technical and energy characteristics of a multi-chamber rotary hydraulic machine with turbodrills of the T195K and TPS-195M types, and a screw downhole motor DRU-1-195S was performed.
Determination of the optimal strength and speed of soil digging of a single-bucket hydraulic excavator with a spherical shape bucket
Authors:   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University, BURYI Grigory , POTERYAEV Ilya ,   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The paper describes the scope and purpose of single-bucket hydraulic excavators. The method of digging a single-bucket excavator with a bucket of spherical shape, which allows to increase productivity, is considered. The urgency of increasing the productivity of these machines is formulated. The purpose of the work: to determine the optimal strength and speed of digging the soil of a single-bucket hydraulic excavator with a spherical bucket. Research methodology. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed bucket design, a diagram of the forces acting on it during digging is presented. The rheological model of the process of digging with a bucket of spherical shape is considered. A mathematical model in the form of a system of second-order differential equations has been compiled on the basis of the force scheme and the rheological model. Research results. A mathematical model has been identified that makes it possible to calculate the dependence of the speed and optimal force when digging the soil with a spherical bucket of a single-bucket hydraulic excavator, depending on the design parameters of the bucket and the parameters of the soil. The dependence for determining the friction force of the soil inside the bucket arising during digging is given. The dependencies for determining the weight of the soil in the bucket and the bucket itself are described. The dependence for calculating the lateral pressure of the soil using a stabilometer is given. The dependences of the calculation of the friction force of the external soil on the bucket and the friction force of the external soil on the soil in front of the bucket edge are presented. A dependence for determining the normal force from the external soil to the compacted soil in front of the bucket edge is proposed. The concept of a "compacted core of the soil" in front of the bucket edge is given and the dependence for determining its depth is given, however, a more precise definition of the latter requires additional research. A dependence is proposed for determining the mass of soil located in front of the bucket edge. The conditions for the possibility of digging the soil are accepted, in which the digging speed is greater than zero, and the digging force is minimal. An algorithm is described that allows you to select the minimum force for the digging process based on the dependencies given in the work. A block diagram of the algorithm for selecting the minimum force for the process of digging with a spherical bucket is given. The selection of the minimum digging force will confirm the effectiveness of a single-bucket hydraulic excavator with a spherical bucket.
Group antenatal care: findings from a pilot randomised controlled trial of REACH Pregnancy Circles
Authors: Sawtell Mary , Wiggins Meg , Wiseman Octavia , Mehay Anita , McCourt Christine , Sweeney Lorna , Hatherall Bethan , Ahmad Tahania , Greenberg Lauren , Hunter Rachael , Hamborg Thomas , Eldridge Sandra , Harden Angela
Published: July 2022

Background
Antenatal care has the potential to impact positively on maternal and child outcomes, but traditional models of care in the UK have been shown to have limitations and particularly for those from deprived populations. Group antenatal care is an alternative model to traditional individual care. It combines conventional aspects of antenatal assessment with group discussion and support. Delivery of group antenatal care has been shown to be successful in various countries; there is now a need for a formal trial in the UK.
Method
The study aimed to explore optimum methods for testing the effectiveness of a model of group care (Pregnancy Circles) in NHS-settings serving populations with high levels of deprivation and diversity. An individual randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in an inner London NHS trust as an external pilot for a potential fully-powered RCT with integral economic evaluation. Inclusion criteria included: pregnant with due date in a certain range, 16 + years and living within specified geographic areas. Data were analysed for completeness and usability in a full trial; no hypothesis testing for between group differences in outcome measures was undertaken. Pre-specified progression criteria corresponding to five feasibility measures were set. Additional aims were to assess the utility of our proposed outcome measures and different data collection routes. A process evaluation utilising interviews and observations was conducted.
Results
Seventy-four participants were randomised; two more than the a priori target. Three Pregnancy Circles of eight sessions each were run. Interviews were undertaken with ten participants, seven midwives and four other stakeholders; two observations of intervention sessions were conducted. Progression criteria were met at sufficient levels for all five measures: available recruitment numbers, recruitment rate, intervention uptake and retention, questionnaire completion rates. Outcome measure assessments showed feasibility and sufficient completion rates; development of an economic evaluation composite measure of a ‘positive healthy birth’ was initiated.
Conclusion
Our pilot findings indicate that a full RCT would be feasible to conduct, with a few adjustments related to recruitment processes, language support, accessibility of intervention premises and outcome assessment.
Trial Registration
ISRCTN ISRCTN66925258. Retrospectively registered, 03 April 2017.
Neurotoxic effects of different sizes of plastics (Nano, Micro, and Macro) on juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Hamed Mohamed , Martyniuk Christopher J. , Naguib Mervat , Lee Jae-Seong , Sayed Alaa El-Din H.
Published: July 2022

Using common carp as a model, we assessed the effects of polyethylene (PE) plastics on brain. We measured activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO), and the content of nitric oxide (NO) in carp brain following exposure to 100 mg/L of either macroplastics (MaP), microplastics (MPs) or nanoplastic (NPs) for 15 days compared to an unexposed group. Following exposure, each biochemical biomarker was reduced 30–40%, with a higher magnitude of change corresponding to the smaller size of the particles (NPs > MPs > MaPs). In the carp tectum, exposure for 15 days to plastic particles caused varying degrees of necrosis, fibrosis, changes in blood capillaries, tissue detachment, edema, degenerated connective tissues, and necrosis in large cerebellar neurons and ganglion cells. In the carp retina, there was evidence for necrosis, degeneration, vacuolation, and curvature in the inner layer. Here we provide evidence that exposure to plastic particles can be associated with neurotoxicity in common carp.
Controlling cellulose feedstock size allows for modification of cellulose-based carbon-based solid acid size
Authors: Qu Zheng , Han Ying , Ma Zihao , Wang Qingyu , Wang Xing , Li Yao , Sun Guangwei
Published: July 2022

Carbon-based solid acids (CSA) have grown in popularity in recent years owing to their strong catalytic activity, thermal stability, and reusability. The size effect has a significant influence on the catalytic activity of carbon-based solid acids in heterogeneous catalysts. The impacts of raw material size on the shape, sulfonation degree, and catalytic activity of produced carbon-based solid acids were examined in this article. Various sizes of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and cotton fibers (CP) were used as carbon sources in a simple carbon-sulphonation method to synthesize carbon-based solid acids. The produced CAS has a high concentration of sulphonic acid groups, as well as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, and exhibits remarkable catalytic activity for the conversion of xylan to xylose. The solid acids generated from MCC have the most homogeneous shape, the greatest degree of sulphonation, and the highest catalytic activity. The conversion rate of xylan hydrolysis to xylose was up to 58.8% under ideal reaction conditions (150°C, 4h), and the catalyst retained almost its initial level of activity after five cycles with no appreciable deactivation.
On a New Human-Based Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm Based on Imitating Foreign Language Education Process
Authors: Trojovský Pavel , Dehghani Mohammad , Trojovská Eva , Milkova Eva
Published: July 2022

The paper presents a new human-based metaheuristic algorithm called Language Education Optimization (LEO). LEO is inspired by the foreign language education process in which a language teacher trains the students of language schools in the desired language skills and rules. LEO is mathematically modeled in three phases: (i) students selecting their teacher, (ii) students learning from each other, and (iii) individual practice, considering exploration in local search and exploitation in local search. The performance of LEO in optimization tasks has been challenged against twenty-three benchmark functions of a variety of unimodal and multimodal types. The optimization results show that LEO, with its acceptable ability to explore, exploit, and maintain a balance between them, has efficient performance in optimization applications and in solution presentation. LEO efficiency in optimization tasks is compared with ten well-known metaheuristic algorithms. Analyses of the simulation results show that LEO has effective performance in dealing with optimization tasks and is significantly superior and more competitive in combating the compared algorithms.
Efficacy and Safety of Bone Management Agents Administered at 12 Weeks vs. 4 Weeks in Patients with Bone Metastases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sato Junya , Kodaira Makoto , Harada Hiroyuki , Iguchi Haruo , Yoshida Taichi , Shibata Hiroyuki
Published: July 2022

Background: Bone Modifying Agents (BMAs) have been used to prevent skeletal-related events (SRE) in cancer patients with bone metastases. In this meta-analysis, efficacy and adverse events (AEs) were studied based on a de-escalation strategy in which the BMA dosing interval was prolonged from 4 to 12 weeks.Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, ICHUSHI, and CINAHL were searched for articles on BMA dosing intervals from outcomes measured were the incidence of SRE and related various AEs. A quantitative meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate relative risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Result: The meta-analysis included three randomized controlled studies (RCTs) of Zoledronic acid hydrate (ZA) (n = 2,663) and six RCTs (n = 141) on BMA other than zoledronic acid. There was no difference in the incidence of SREs when comparing dosing frequency of 12 versus 4 weeks for BMA (RR = 1.21, 95% CI [0.82-1.78], p = 0.33). Further, AEs related to treatment discontinuation were significantly less frequent with ZA given every 12 weeks than when given every 4 weeks (RR = 0.51 [0.30-0.89], p = 0.02). In particular, renal dysfunction leading to grade ≥3 or discontinuation of treatment with ZA occurred significantly less frequently with every 12-week dosing (RR = 0.33 [0.12-0.91], p = 0.33). Conclusion: The meta-analysis showed no influence of BMA de-escalation on the incidence of SRE, nevertheless, AEs appeared to reduce with the usage of ZA.
Dietary Oregano aqueous extract improves intestinal health of broilers through modulating gut microbial populations
Authors: Zhang Fan , Yang Jiantao , Li Yanhe , Zhan Qinyi , Li Yingge , Yang Xiaojun
Published: July 2022

Background: Intestinal health plays an important role in broiler chicken production. Oregano aqueous extract (OAE) effectively exerts anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. However, the protective effects of OAE on gut health in broilers and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of OAE on production performance, the intestinal microbiome and gut health, and to verify the effect of intestinal microbe on gut health. Results: Dietary 700 mg/kg OAE supplementation resulted in an increase (P < 0.05) in body weight and a decrease (P < 0.05) in feed conversion ratio than the control at D42 of the trial. Compared to the control, OAE addition resulted in lower (P < 0.05) jejunal crypt depth and the relative mRNA expression of IL-4 and IL-10 at D42. Dietary OAE increased (P < 0.05) the abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus in the cecum, and affected the content of short-chain fatty acids. In addition, the results of microorganisms affected by OAE in vitro were consistent with those in vivo. The relative mRNA expression of IL-4 was significantly increased (P < 0.05) by feeding oregano fermentation microorganisms at D42. And the secretion of SIgA was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the ileum in S group.Conclusions: Dietary OAE addition could increase the abundance of intestinal Lactobacillus and acetic acid content, which were capable to improve intestinal mucosal immunity and barrier function, thus maintaining intestinal health and improving production performance.
ForensicNet : Modern CNN-based Image Forgery Detection Network
Authors: Tyagi Shobhit , Yadav Divakar
Published: July 2022

The advancements in Image editing techniques produce realistic-looking artificial images with ease. These images can easily circumvent the forensic systems making the authentication process more tedious and difficult. To overcome this problem, we introduce a modern convolutional neural network (CNN) named ForensicNet, inspired by the recent developments in computer vision. The three major contributions of our CNNs are inverted bottleneck, separate downsampling layers, and using depth-wise convolutions for mixing information in the spatial dimension. The inverted bottlenecks help improve accuracy and reduce network parameters/FLOPs. The separate downsampling layers help converge the network. The nor-malization layers also help stabilize training whenever the spatial resolution is changed. The depth-wise convolution is a grouped convolution where the number of groups and channels are the same. The experiments show that ForensicNet outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by a large margin.
“I wanted information”: Navigating Breast Cancer and Its Treatment in Lima, Peru
Authors: Fields Brittany C. , Morse Rachel M. , Ortega Emma , Waterfield Kristen , Prieto Bryn A. , Oberhelman RIchard , Paz-Soldán Valerie A.
Published: July 2022

Background: Breast cancer impacts millions of people worldwide, and in Peru, breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer related death among women. Breast cancer treatment is physically and emotionally burdensome and challenging for patients. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 14 female breast cancer patients and survivors in Lima, Peru. The interviews explored four main themes: the women’s emotional experiences, coping mechanisms, resources available or needed, and advice for newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. Results: Respondents described a tremendous lack of informational support during and after diagnosis and treatment and requested more of this support from health professionals. Social support groups were helpful to participants; however, these forms of support were not available to all participants. Emotional and esteem support seemed amply received from family and friends, faith organizations, and fellow cancer patients. Participants experienced a range of emotions upon diagnosis and during treatment including fear, anxiety, difficulty accepting bodily changes, loneliness, and denial. Conclusion: Breast cancer and its treatment can be a long, emotional journey; more extensive forms of informational support could help patients cope with this process.
A multi-level approach with visual information for encrypted H.265/HEVC videos（China MM）
Authors: Wen Wenying , Tu Rongxin , Zhang Yushu , Fang Yuming , Yang Yong
Published: July 2022

High-efficiency video coding (HEVC) encryption has been proposed to encrypt syntax elements for the purpose of video encryption. To achieve high video security, to the best of our knowledge, almost all of the existing HEVC encryption algorithms mainly encrypt the whole video, such that the user without permissions cannot obtain any viewable information. However, these encryption algorithms cannot meet the needs of customers who need part of the information but not the full information in the video. In many cases, such as professional paid videos or video meetings, users would like to observe some visible information in the encrypted video of the original video to satisfy their requirements in daily life. Aiming at this demand, this paper proposes a multi-level encryption scheme that is composed of lightweight encryption, medium encryption and heavyweight encryption, where each encryption level can obtain a different amount of visual information. First, we employ AES-CTR to generate a pseudo-random number sequence. Then, the main syntax elements in the H.265/HEVC encoding process are encrypted by a pseudorandom sequence. In the lightweight encryption level, the syntax element of the luma intraprediction model is chosen for encryption. In the medium encryption level, the syntax element of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficient sign is employed for scrambling encryption. In the heavyweight encryption level, syntax elements of both the luma intraprediction model and the DCT coefficient sign are encrypted simultaneously by the pseudorandom sequence. It is found that both encrypting the luma intraprediction model (IPM) and scrambling the syntax element of the DCT coefficient sign can achieve the performance of a distorted video in which there is still residual visual information, while encrypting both of them can implement the intensity of encryption and one cannot gain any visual information. The experimental results meet our expectations appropriately, indicating that there is a different amount of visual information in each encryption level. Meanwhile, users can flexibly choose the encryption level according to their various requirements.
Feasibility of two laparoscopic surgeries for colon cancer performed by the same surgeon on a single day
Authors: Tanaka Yusuke , Yamaoka Yusuke , Shiomi Akio , Kagawa Hiroyasu , Hino Hitoshi , Manabe Shoichi , Chen Kai , Nanishi Kenji , Maeda Chikara , Notsu Akifumi
Published: July 2022

Background
Although the proportion of laparoscopic colectomies (LCs) for colon cancer is increasing, the feasibility of the same surgeon performing two LCs on a single day remains unknown. This study was conducted to clarify the feasibility of this practice by evaluating short-term and long-term outcomes.
Methods
This retrospective analysis enrolled patients with pathological stage I–III colon cancer who underwent LC at Shizuoka Cancer Center between 2010 and 2020. Patients were divided into two groups based on the timing of the surgery for the surgeon. The first group (n = 1,485) comprised patients who underwent LC as the first surgery of the day for the surgeon. The second group (n = 163) comprised patients who underwent LC as the second LC of the day for the surgeon. Propensity score matching was performed to balance the baseline characteristics of the first and second groups. The short-term and long-term outcomes of the two groups were compared.
Results
After propensity score matching, there were no significant differences in the incidence of postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo classification grade II or higher between the first (10.4%, 17/163) and second groups (5.5%, 9/163). There were no significant differences in other perioperative outcomes, including operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and incidence of conversion to open surgery, between the two groups. Regarding long-term outcomes, there were no significant differences in overall survival or relapse-free survival between the two groups both in the full cohort and in the propensity score-matched cohort. In the propensity score–matched cohort, 5-year overall survival was 96.0% in the first group and 94.4% in the second group; 5-year relapse-free survival was 88.1% and 90.3%, respectively.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that the same surgeon performing two LCs for colon cancer on a single day is feasible in terms of short-term and long-term outcomes.
PENGUATAN EKONOMI LOKAL PASCA-COVID-19
Authors: Pujianto Wahyu Eko , Robbani Mochammad Burhanuddin , Rahmahdiyyah Tsabitah
Published: July 2022

Abstrak: Kabupaten Sidoarjo memiliki banyak embrio destinasi wisata religi yang dapat dikembangkan melalui strategi branding, sehingga menguatkan perekonomian lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis strategi branding yang dapat diterapkan pada embrio destinasi wisata religi Makam Mbah Sayyid Wali Punden dan Makam Dewi Sekardadu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pemerintah desa, pokdarwis, masyarakat, pengunjung dan pengamat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa embrio destinasi wisata religi Makam Mbah Sayyid Wali Punden dan Makam Dewi Sekardadu memiliki brand positioning yang berkaitan dengan unsur atribut, yakni keunikan lokasi Makam yang berada di sekitar vegetasi mangrove dan tambak ikan. Sementara dari sisi brand identity, keduanya memiliki unsur ‘Kisah Merek’ yang dapat digunakan sebagai image positif kedua destinasi religi tersebut. Dengan begitu dapat diupayakan branding dengan mengadopsi model Jason Miletsky yang menyebutkan bahwa kesuksesan sebuah brand sangat dipengaruhi oleh ciri khas (keunikan), image, personality maupun potensi sekitar.
Kata Kunci: Branding; Makam; Sidoarjo; Strategi; Wisata Religi
 
Abstract: Sidoarjo Regency has many embryos of religious tourism destinations that can be developed through a branding strategy, thereby strengthening the local economy. This study aims to identify and analyze branding strategies that can be applied to the embryos of religious tourism destinations of the Tomb of Mbah Sayyid Wali Punden and the Tomb of Dewi Sekardadu. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach which was analyzed descriptively. The informants in this study were the village government, the Pokdarwis tourism awareness group, the community, visitors and observers. The results showed that the embryos of religious tourism destinations Mbah Sayyid Wali Punden and Dewi Sekardadu's Tomb have brand positioning related to attribute elements, namely the uniqueness of the location of the tomb which is around mangrove vegetation and fish ponds. Meanwhile, in terms of brand identity, both have an element of 'Brand Story' which can be used as a positive image for the two religious destinations. That way, branding can be pursued by adopting the Jason Miletsky model which states that the success of a brand is strongly influenced by the characteristics (uniqueness), image, personality and potential around.
Keywords: Branding; Tomb; Sidoarjo; Strategy; Religious Tourism
Konsep Model Sociopreneur Sudut Lombok Untuk Mendukung Pariwisata Halal Berkelanjutan di Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Syihabudin Muhammad , Haidar Abdullah , Herindar Evania
Published: July 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa Konsep Model Sociopreneur Sudut Lombok untuk mendukung pariwisata halal berkelanjutan di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus terhadap sebuah Komunitas Sociopreneur (Sudut Lombok). Dengan melakukan indepth interview, penulis mendapati bahwa Sudut Lombok menawarkan konsep Responsible Tourism dan Ekowisata, serta didukung dengan sejumlah jasa yang dikerjasamakan dengan masyarakat sekitar. Selain itu,  Sudut Lombok juga memiliki sejumlah program sosial, dimana sebagian keuntungan dari sektor bisnis minimal 25% dari keuntungan bersih investor akan dialokasikan pada kegiatan sosial, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat Lombok Timur. Model bisnis ini diharapkan dapat menjadi contoh bagi pengembangan Sustainable Halal Tourism di tempat lain, sehingga dapat mendorong perkembangan wisata halal Indonesia yang manfaatnya dapat juga dirasakan oleh masyarakat sekitar.
Kata Kunci: Halal Tourism; Sudut Lombok; Sociopreneur
 
Abstract: This study analyzes the Sociopreneur Model that can support national economic recovery through Sustainable Halal Tourism. The method used is a case study of a Sociopreneur Community (Lombok Corner). By conducting in-depth interviews, the author found that Lombok Corner offers the concept of Responsible Tourism and Ecotourism and is supported by several services collaborating with the surrounding community. In addition, Corner Lombok also has several social programs, where a portion of the profits from the business sector, at least 25% of the net profits of investors, will be allocated to social activities to improve the welfare of the people of East Lombok. This business model is expected to be an example for the development of Sustainable Halal Tourism in other places to encourage the development of Indonesian halal tourism, whose benefits can also be felt by the surrounding community.
Keywords: Halal Tourism; Sudut Lombok; Sociopreneur
Ultraperipheral collisions and low-x physics
Authors: Lappi Tuomas
Published: July 2022

Ultraperipheral collisions at the LHC and RHIC offer the highest currently available energy for photon-nucleon and photon-nucleus collisions. Thus they are a valuable tool for studying the gluonic structure of hadrons and nuclei at small x. We discuss recent theoretical work towards understanding such exclusive processes at NLO accuracy in QCD perturbation theory. These theoretical advances are also immediately relevant for understanding the physics of deep inelastic scattering at small x. We also discuss experimental results in ultraperipheral collisions, most prominently for exclusive vector meson production.