bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diabetogenic liver metastasis from pancreatic cancer: a case report
Authors: Kiritani Sho , Ono Yoshihiro , Takamatsu Manabu , Oba Atsushi , Sato Takafumi , Ito Hiromichi , Inoue Yosuke , Takahashi Yu
Published: December 2022

Background

Although new-onset diabetes has been described in up to 20% of patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer, reports regarding new-onset diabetes associated with newly developed liver metastasis from pancreatic cancer are limited.

Case presentation

A 60-year-old man was diagnosed with pancreatic tail cancer without impaired glycemic control. A curative-intent distal pancreatectomy with adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy was performed. Two years after surgery, a high HbA1c concentration and solitary liver metastasis were identified on follow-up examination. Two major chemotherapy regimens, gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel and modified FOLFIRINOX, were sequentially administered to the patient; however, his carbohydrate 19-9 concentration continued to increase. Because the patient’s glycemic control rapidly worsened in synchrony with the tumor growth, insulin therapy was initiated. Although the liver metastasis was refractory to chemotherapy, curative-intent left hepatectomy was performed because only one tumor remained. His impaired glycemic control improved immediately after surgery, and insulin therapy was terminated. When writing this report (2 years after hepatectomy), the patient was alive and recurrence-free.

Conclusions

New-onset diabetes appeared with the progression of metachronous liver metastasis from pancreatic cancer, without recurrence at any other site. The patient’s diabetic state was improved by resection of the liver tumor, and liver metastasis itself was proven to have caused the glucometabolic disorder by increasing insulin resistance.
The complex of miRNA2861 and cell-penetrating, dimeric α-helical peptide accelerates the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Nam So Hee , Lee Yan , Kim Chi-Heon , Kim Dong Eun , Yang Hee-Jin , Park Sung Bae
Published: December 2022

Background

The restoration of the functional ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using epigenetic modification is very promising for patients with weak osteogenesis ability. This study focused on the acceleration of osteogenesis from MSCs using microRNA (miRNA)2861 and a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), LK.

Methods

We performed MSCs penetration test of complex between the LK peptides and miRNA 2861. Three different experiments were performed to investigate the effects of miRNA 2861 on osteogenic differentiation in MSCs: 1) intensity of alizarin red staining, which reflects the status of mineralization by osteoblasts; 2) gene expression related to osteoblast differentiation; and 3) confirmation of corresponding protein translation for comparison with RNA expression levels.

Results

We found that cLK effectively delivered miRNA 2861 into the cytoplasm of human MSCs and accelerated osteogenic differentiation from MSCs, as well as mineralization.

Conclusion

The complex of miRNA 2861 with LK may have a positive effect on the osteogenic differentiation from MSCs and mineralization. Therapies using miRNAs combined with LK may be good candidates for the augmentation of osteogenesis in patients.
Anatomical, histochemical, and immunohistochemical observations on the gastrointestinal tract of Gallinula chloropus (Aves: Rallidae)
Authors: Abdellatif Ahmed M. , Farag Amany , Metwally Elsayed
Published: December 2022

Background

Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a wild aquatic omnivorous bird characterized by a marked resistance to harsh environmental conditions and a worldwide distribution. In this study, anatomical, morphometrical, histochemical, and immunohistochemical techniques were employed to study the structure of the gastrointestinal tract of Gallinula chloropus.

Results

The esophagus appeared tubular with no distinct crop. Both superficial (SPG) and deep (DPG) proventricular glands were present. The DPG filled about two-thirds of the total wall thickness. Histochemically, the mucosubstances revealed mixed alcian blue-PAS positive reactions. They were mainly localized in the acini of the esophageal glands and SPG, gastric surface epithelium, duct system of DPG, and intestinal goblet cells. The highest number of goblet cells per every 1 mm2 of the intestinal mucosa was seen within the ileum and rectum, 2555 ± 468 and 2607 ± 653 respectively. Notably, glucagon immunoreactive (IR) cells were abundant in the mucosa of the small and large intestines and the proventriculus, while somatostatin IR cells were concentrated within the acini of the DPG. IR cells for the mitosis marker phospho-histone H3 (PHH3) were highest within the entire intestinal crypts and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT). In contrast, cells IR for the apoptosis marker C.CASP3 were remarkable in epithelial cells at the tips of intestinal villi and in MALT, reflecting the dynamic nature of the latter mentioned structures.

Conclusions

The findings of the present study advance our knowledge of the gross and microscopic anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract in wild birds and could help to enhance the productivity of Aves via improving gut health.
Consensus on the Southeast Asian management of hypotension using vasopressors and adjunct modalities during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia
Authors: Herbosa Grace Anne B. , Tho Nguyen Ngoc , Gapay Angelina A. , Lorsomradee Suraphong , Thang Cong Quyet
Published: December 2022

Background and aims

This consensus statement presents a comprehensive and evidence-based set of guidelines that modify the general European or US guidelines for hypotension management with vasopressors during cesarean delivery. It is tailored to the Southeast Asian context in terms of local human and medical resources, health system capacity, and local values and preferences.

Methods and results

These guidelines were prepared using a methodological approach. Two principal sources were used to obtain the evidence: scientific evidence and opinion-based evidence. A team of five anesthesia experts from Vietnam, the Philippines, and Thailand came together to define relevant clinical questions; search for literature-based evidence using the MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane libraries; evaluate existing guidelines; and contextualize recommendations for the Southeast Asian region. Furthermore, a survey was developed and distributed among 183 practitioners in the captioned countries to gather representative opinions of the medical community and identify best practices for the management of hypotension with vasopressors during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

Conclusions

This consensus statement advocates proactive management of maternal hypotension during cesarean section after spinal anesthesia, which can be detrimental for both the mother and fetus, supports the choice of phenylephrine as a first-line vasopressor and offers a perspective on the use of prefilled syringes in the Southeast Asian region, where factors such as healthcare features, availability, patient safety, and cost should be considered.
New abundant exact solutions for MCBS-nMCBS equation: Painlevé analysis and auto-Bäcklund transformation
Authors: Singh Shailendra , Saha Ray Santanu
Published: December 2022

This article considers a (2 + 1)-dimensional variable coefficients combined modified Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation and a negative-order modified Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff (MCBS-nMCBS) equation. The MCBS-nMCBS equation describes the progressive shallow-water waves and other physical phenomena and is very helpful in studying the wave patterns in the soliton theory. Firstly, in this article, the integrability of the considered equation is examined by the Painlevé analysis method. This approach gives the integrability components such as leading orders, resonances, and compatibility conditions. Furthermore, the Painlevé analysis method helps to generate the auto-Bäcklund transformations (ABT). By employing the ABT approach, two analytic solution families have been generated with some free parameters and functions. These solutions explain the various physical properties of the considered model and can be visualized by the 3D graphs. These graphs depict the kink-soliton, anti-kink–soliton, bright-soliton, and dark-soliton and periodic wave surfaces for the suitable parametric values.
Effects of Astragalus membranaceus, Peumus boldus and Curcuma longa extracts in diabetic rats
Authors: Gonçalves Gisele Mara Silva , Torrero Thais Silva
Published: December 2022

Objectives: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the association of dry extracts of Astragalus membranaceus, Peumus boldus and Curcuma longa in rats with induced diabetes. Methods: After the induction of type 2 diabetes by intraperitoneal streptozotocin, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to groups (n=6) and treated for 20 days. The extracts were suspended in water and administered through orogastric gavage once daily as described: Group I: healthy control (saline); group II: received Astragalus membranaceus, Peumus boldus and Curcuma longa (400 mg/kg/day of each dry extract); group III: received Astragalus membranaceus, Peumus boldus, Curcuma longa (400 mg/kg/day of each dry extract) and glibenclamide (15 mg/kg/day). Fasting glucose, glucose tolerance, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and fructosamine were evaluated. Results: Fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance for groups II and III were influenced by treatments (p<0.05). The extracts did not significantly influence the efficacy of glibenclamide. Conclusion: The results found in this study allow us to consider that it is not possible to conclude that the compounds evaluated are not effective in DM in rats, due to variables such as total treatment period, doses, size of pancreatic injury caused by streptozotocin, and diet profile may have influenced the results. The studied compounds have potential for application in diabetes and further studies should be carried out to adjust the treatment.
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF SOIL CONDITION AFTER VARIOUS CROPS
Authors: Sabirova Razina , Vafin Il'shat , Abramova Arina , Safin Radik
Published: December 2022

The paper presents an assessment of the state of the soil after harvesting crops (cereals, legumes, technical, perennial grasses) on the experimental fields of the Agrobiotechnopark of Kazan State Agrarian University in industrial crops. The studies were carried out in 2022, which was characterized by significant differences in moisture conditions during the growing season of plants (the first half of the growing season is wet, the second half is dry). All plots were located on highly cultivated, gray forest, medium loamy soil. A comprehensive assessment of soils was carried out using the methods of agrophysical studies of soils and methods of soil biology. To assess the state of soil biology, the number of microorganisms, Protozoa and nematodes was taken into account. Simultaneously, the phytotoxicity of soils for model plants was determined. Analysis of the accumulation of available water in the soil and the share of agronomically valuable aggregates showed that the maximum values were after mustard. After this crop, there was a decrease in the density of soil composition. The deterioration of the agrophysical properties of the soil was noted after spring crops. A pronounced phytotoxic effect of soil extracts after spring barley, peas and potatoes was established in relation to lettuce test plants. A similar effect on the wheat test plant was noted after potatoes. Improvement in agrophysical properties, low phytotoxicity and suppression of the development of Fusarium fungi among the studied crops, the advantage was noted for Sarepta mustard. After peas, an increase in the number of Azotobacter bacteria in the soil was noted, and after winter wheat, an increase in the number of ciliates in the soil was noted. The results obtained confirmed the differences in the state of soils after various crops, which must be taken into account when selecting predecessors in crop rotation.
Distinguishing Useful and Wasteful Slack
Authors: Bogetoft Peter , Kerstens Pieter Jan
Published: December 2022

Can inefficiency be rational? Excess resources or slack may serve as a buffer against environmental shocks, help decouple organizations, ease planning and implementation, support innovation, and enable effective responses to competitors. Slack may however also be the result of inefficiency. In Bogetoft and Kerstens, Distinguishing useful and wasteful slack, we propose an approach to separate useful and wasteful slack. If an organization can maintain the same levels of output and slack at lower cost, there is wasteful or nonrationalizable spending. We develop ways to measure the extent to which total spending can be rationalized and show how to statistically estimate and test the usefulness of the available slack using bootstrapping.
Intraocular Lymphoma: When to Suspect a Sinister Cause of Ocular Haemorrhage
Authors: Pestana Santos Catarina , Alves Rosa , Sousa Bruno , Vieira Ana Cláudia , Judas Tiago
Published: December 2022

Intraocular lymphoma (IOL) is a rare and life-threatening condition whose aetiology is unclear. Blurred vision, reduced vision, and floaters are common initial symptoms. Posterior vitreous detachment and haemorrhage rarely occur. The authors present the case of a 79-year-old man who initially presented with a 3-month history of fever, night sweats, significant weight loss, bilateral peri-orbital haematoma, red eyes and retro-orbital headache. Physical examination revealed fever, bilateral peri-orbital haematoma, subconjunctival haemorrhage and palpable cervical lymphadenopathy. CT scans detected conical intra-orbital lesions, cervical adenomegalies, expansive lesions in the adrenal glands, and thrombosis of the splenomesenteric confluent and posterior segment of the right branch of the portal vein. These findings were suggestive of a lymphoproliferative disorder. Aspiration cytology of the adrenal mass and inguinal adenopathies was compatible with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with areas of transformation to Burkitt’s lymphoma. We describe a rare form of lymphoma, and a very unusual presentation of primary intraocular lymphoma with atypical symptoms.
Experimental demonstration of non-contact and quasi OPD-independent nanoscale-displacement measurement by phase-diversity optical digital coherent detection and comb filtering
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Kondo Mitsuki , Hanawa Masanori
Published: December 2022

We experimentally demonstrated and quantitatively evaluated a non-contact nanometer-displacement measurement using phase-diversity optical digital coherent detection implemented by a 90 ° optical hybrid and a narrow-linewidth probe laser without fine-tuning of optical path length difference (OPD). Combined with a comb filter, the system exhibits 99.99% linearity detection with a scale and resolution of approximately 7 nm and 2 nm respectively, as well as a wideband vibration of 5.85 MHz. We also experimentally analyzed the effect of noise arising from the OPD and demonstrated the detection of displacement down to 85 nm with a resolution of 24 nm at an OPD of 342 cm.
Antibiogram of clinical isolates from primary and secondary healthcare facilities: A step towards antimicrobial stewardship
Authors: Aika Isabel Naomi , Enato Ehijie
Published: December 2022

Antibiogram development and use is a core element of antimicrobial stewardship practice, such data is scarce in healthcare settings in developing countries. The study aims to determine the epidemiology of clinical isolates and their antibiograms in secondary healthcare (SHC) and primary healthcare (PHC) facilities in Benin City, Nigeria. This was a retrospective study in three laboratories in SHC and PHC facilities. Microbial culture and susceptibility report over the past 4 years was collated. Ethical Clearance was obtained from the Edo State Ministry of Health and Benin City. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Of the 819 isolates, urine, semen and vagina swab were most represented (50.7%; 16.1%; 13.2%). S.aureus (60.6%) and coliform organism (31.9%) were commonly isolated. High resistance of 75%->90% was seen with penicillin, cephalosporin, macrolide, aminoglycoside and floroquinolone against S. aureus, Ps aeruginosa, coliform and E. coli. Resistance to all antimicrobials was observed in 11.7% of the isolates, multidrug resistance (MDR) was found to be 61.4%. MDR for Ps aeruginosa, coliform, E coli, and staph aureus were 95.5%, 67.3% 25.6% and 82.8% respectively. In the SHC, 15.4% of isolates were resistant to all antibacterial compared to none in the PHC. There was consistent yearly increase in resistance to more than six agents in both centers. Gender difference in antimicrobial resistance was observed. High MDR observed in this study emphasizes the need for routine antibiogram and its use in updating treatment guidelines to reflect the current resistance pattern to available antimicrobials.
New perspectives for fascioliasis in Upper Egypt’s new endemic region: Sociodemographic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of Fasciola in humans, animals, and lymnaeid vectors
Authors: Ahmad Alzahraa Abdelraouf , Ramadan Haidi Karam-Allah , Hassan Waleed Attia , Hakami Mohammed Ageeli , Huseein Enas Abdelhameed Mahmoud , Mohamed Sara Abdel-Aal , Mohamed Adnan Ahmed , Elossily Nahed Ahmed
Published: December 2022

Background

Fascioliasis is a significant vector-borne disease that has emerged in numerous tropical and subtropical countries causing severe health problems. Egypt is one of the fascioliasis endemic regions; however, the current situation in Upper Egypt is understudied, with only sporadic human cases or outbreaks. This study aims to highlight the sociodemographic characteristics of human fascioliasis in a newly emerged endemic area in Upper Egypt, along with risk factors analysis and the molecular characteristics of the fasciolid population in humans, animals, and lymnaeid snails.

Methodology/Principal findings

The study reportedFasciolainfection in patients and their close relatives by analyzing the risk of human infection. Morphological and molecular characterization was performed on lymnaeid snails. Multigene sequencing was also used to characterize fasciolids from human cases, cattle, and pooled snail samples. The study identified asymptomaticFasciolainfection among family members and identified the presence of peridomestic animals as a significant risk factor for infection. This is the first genetic evidence thatRadix auriculariaexists as the snail intermediate host in Egypt.

Conclusions/Significance

This study revealed that Assiut Governorate in Upper Egypt is a high-risk area for human fascioliasis that requires additional control measures.Fasciola hepaticawas the main causative agent infecting humans and snail vectors in this newly emerged endemic area. In addition, this is the first report ofR.auriculariaas the snail intermediate host transmitting fascioliasis in Upper Egypt. Further research is required to clarify the widespread distribution ofFasciolain Egypt’s various animal hosts. This provides insight into the mode of transmission, epidemiological criteria, and genetic diversity of fasciolid populations in Upper Egypt.\
A model for understanding the causes and consequences of walking impairments
Authors: Schwartz Michael H. , Steele Katherine M. , Ries Andrew J. , Georgiadis Andrew G. , MacWilliams Bruce A.
Published: December 2022

Walking is an important skill with positive impacts on health, function, and well-being. Many disorders impair walking and its positive impacts through a variety of complex and interrelated mechanisms. Any attempt to understand walking impairments, or the effects of interventions intended to treat these impairments, must respect this complexity. Therefore, our main objectives in conducting this study were to (1) propose a comprehensive model for quantifying the causes and consequences of walking impairments and (2) demonstrate the potential utility of the model for supporting clinical care and addressing basic scientific questions related to walking. To achieve these goals, we introduced a model, described by a directed acyclic graph, consisting of 10 nodes and 23 primary causal paths. We gave detailed descriptions of each node and path based on domain knowledge. We then demonstrated the model’s utility using a large sample of gait data (N = 9504) acquired as part of routine care at a regional referral center. We analyzed five relevant examples that involved many of the model’s nodes and paths. We computed causal effect magnitudes as Shapley values and displayed the overall importance of variables (mean absolute Shapley value), the variation of Shapley values with respect to underlying variables, and Shapley values for individual observations (case studies). We showed that the model was plausible, captured some well-known cause-effect relationships, provided new insights into others, and generated novel hypotheses requiring further testing through simulation or experiment. To aid in transparency, reproducibility, and future enhancements we have included an extensively commented Rmarkdown file and a deidentified data set.
Associations between muscle-building exercise and concurrent e-cigarette, cigarette, and cannabis use among U.S. adolescents
Authors: Ganson Kyle T. , Rodgers Rachel F. , Murray Stuart B. , Nagata Jason M.
Published: December 2022

Physical activity and team sports may be protective of substance use among adolescents, although there is mixed evidence on whether muscle-building exercise is associated with patterns of e-cigarette use (i.e., vaping), cigarette use, and cannabis use. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between muscle-building exercise and patterns of concurrent substance use among U.S. adolescents. Cross-sectional data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (N = 8,474) were analyzed in 2022. Muscle-building exercise was assessed by number of days of the behavior in the past week and categorized based on level of engagement (none, low, medium, and high). Concurrent vaping, cigarette use, and cannabis use within the past 30 days were assessed using a combined, four-category variable (no use, any single use, any dual use, and triple use). Multinomial logistic regressions, with coefficients transformed to relative risk ratios (RRR), were conducted to estimate the associations between muscle-building exercise and concurrent substance use among the overall sample, and by sex, while adjusting for relevant sociodemographic variables. Among the overall sample, high engagement (6–7 days) in muscle-building exercise was associated with greater relative risk of any single use (RRR 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.72), any dual use (RRR 1.46, 95% CI 1.10–2.94), and triple use (RRR 1.81, 95% CI 1.05–3.12). While muscle-building exercise was associated with greater relative risk of concurrent patterns of vaping, cigarette use, and cannabis use among adolescent males, there were no significant relationships found among adolescent females. Healthcare professionals should consider this association when treating adolescent males, particularly given the high prevalence of muscle-building exercise and substance use among this group. More research is needed to understand the experiences of adolescent males who report high engagement in muscle-building exercise and substance use to uncover mechanisms of association.
Objective assessment of tapering of the fingers in adults
Authors: Weinberg Seth M.
Published: December 2022

Mild proximal-to-distal tapering of the fingers is a relatively common trait in humans. When more extreme, finger tapering is a feature observed in many genetic syndromes. The range of variation for finger tapering in the general population is not well understood, and sex differences in the degree of tapering, while suspected, have not been documented. Part of the difficulty is a lack of objective methods to evaluate finger tapering. In the present report, we developed a tapering index based on linear measures derived from digital hand scans. We measured this index in a sample of 166 male and 166 age-matched female adults. We then looked at correlations both among fingers and with demographic and anthropometric variables, followed by tests for sex differences. We observed weak correlations between tapering and age, height and weight. Correlations between pairs of fingers tended to be more in the moderate range and were highest among the middle three fingers (ranging from 0.34 to 0.64). Tapering tended to increase slightly moving radially across the hand from the fifth finger to the second finger. Males showed less tapering than females for all fingers, with statistically significant differences involving the left second finger (p = 0.003), left fifth finger (p< 0.001), right second finger (p = 0.038), and right fourth finger (p = 0.021). Finally, we established baseline norms for both males and females out to three standard deviations. Our results indicate that finger tapering is present, to some degree, in most of the population and that the trait can be measured using a relatively simple and non-invasive method. These findings may have relevance for fields as diverse as medical genetics, forensics, and industrial design.
Smoking cessation and obesity-related morbidities and mortality in a 20-year follow-up study
Authors: Suutari-Jääskö Asla , Ylitalo Antti , Ronkaine Justiina , Huikuri Heikki , Kesäniemi Y. Antero , Ukkola Olavi H.
Published: December 2022

Background

Smoking is the biggest preventable factor causing mortality and morbidity and the health benefits of smoking cessation are commonly known. Smoking cessation-related weight gain is well documented. We evaluated the association between smoking cessation and the incidence of obesity-related morbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and metabolic syndrome as well as mortality. We also evaluated telomere length related to smoking cessation.

Material and methods

This study was part of the OPERA (Oulu Project Elucidating Risk of Atherosclerosis) study. The mean follow up time among the 600 study subjects was 20 years. We divided the study subjects into four groups by smoking status (“never”, “current”, “ex-smokers” and “quit”) and analyzed their health status. “Ex-smokers” had quit smoking before baseline and “quit” quit during the follow-up time. Information about total mortality between the years 2013–2020 was also utilized.

Results

During the follow-up time systolic blood pressure decreased the most in the “current” and in the “ex-smoker” groups. Office SBP decreased the least in the “quit” group (p = 0.001). BMI increased the most in the “quit” and the least in the “ex-smokers” group (p = 0.001). No significant increases were seen in the incidence of obesity-related-diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes was seen. There was no significant difference in the shortening of telomeres. Odds of short-term mortality was increased in the “current” group (2.43 (CI 95% 1.10; 5.39)), but not in the “quit” (1.43 (CI 95% 0.73–2.80)) or “ex-smoker” (1.02 (CI 95% 0.56–1.86)) groups when compared to “never” group.

Conclusions

Even though, the blood pressure levels were unfavorable in the “quit” group, there was no significant increase in the incidence of obesity-related-diseases, and a noticeable benefit in short-term mortality was seen during the 6-year follow-up. The benefits of smoking cessation outweigh the disadvantages in the long-term.
Linking environmental management accounting to green organisational behaviour: The mediating role of green human resource management
Authors: Liu Liping , Zhang Chunyu
Published: December 2022

The China’s economy is developing rapidly, and it affects the environment on several levels. Therefore, this study examines the effect of environmental management accounting, green human resource management (HRM), on green organisational behaviour (OB). We collected 383 questionnaires completed by human resource managers and accounting managers in the Chinese hospitality industry. We used a covariance-based structural equation model to test the hypotheses in this study. The empirical evidence shows a positive and significant effect between environmental management accounting (monetary environmental management accounting, and physical environmental management accounting) and green HRM (β = 0.262, p < 0.01, β = 0.378, p< 0.01). Green HRM mediates the influence of environmental management accounting (monetary environmental management accounting, β = 0.059, p < 0.01; physical environmental management accounting, β = 0.084, p< 0.01) on green OB. The analysis confirmed the importance of environmental management accounting (as opposed to green human resource management) in predicting green behaviour and the critical role of green human resource management in connecting environmental management accounting and green OB. Thus, this study extends the literature’s perspective on green OB to environmental management accounting and green HRM.
Coming together in a digital age: Community twitter responses in the wake of a campus shooting
Authors: Bowling Jessamyn , Montanaro Erika , Ordonez Sarai Guerrero , McCabe Sean , Farris Shayna , Saint-Cyr Neielle , Glaser Wade , Cramer Robert J. , Langhinrichsen-Rohling Jennifer , Mennicke Annelise
Published: December 2022

Campus mass shootings have become a pressing policy and public health matter. Twitter is a platform used for processing events among interested community members. Examining the responses of invested community members to a mass shooting on a college campus provides evidence for how this type of violence affects the immediate community and the larger public. These responses may reflect either content (e.g. context-specific) or emotions (e.g. humor).AimsUsing Twitter data, we analyzed the emotional responses as well as the nature of non-affective short-term reactions, in response to the April 2019 shooting at UNC Charlotte.MethodsDrawn from a pool of tweets between 4/30/19-5/7/19, we analyzed 16,749 tweets using keywords related to the mass shooting (e.g. “shooting,” “gun violence,” “UNC Charlotte”). A coding team manually coded the tweets using content and sentiment analyses.ResultsOverall, 7,148 (42.67%) tweets contained negative emotions (e.g. anger, sadness, disgust, anxiety), 5,088 (30.38%) contained positive emotions (e.g. humor, hope, appreciation), 14,892 (88.91%) were communal responses to the shooting (e.g. prayers, healing, victim remembrance), 8,329 (49.73%) were action-oriented (e.g. action taken, policy advocacy), and 15,498 (92.53%) included information (e.g. death/injury, news). All tweets except positive emotions peaked one day following the incident.ConclusionsOur findings point to peaks in most emotions in the 24 hours following the event, with the exception of positive emotions which peaked one day later. Social media responses to a campus shooting suggest college preparedness for immediate deployment of supportive responses in the case of campus violence is needed.
Is technology gender neutral? A systematic literature review on gender stereotypes attached to artificial intelligence
Authors: Craiut Miruna-Valeria , Iancu Ioana Raluca
Published: December 2022

Artificial Intelligence implies computer systems capable of mimicking human-like intelligence and competencies. In the nowadays society it is an exciting topic, thus, technology’s gender features and roles are of great interest as well. As the literature is still scarce and inconsistent, the present paper aims to develop a systematic literature review on gender stereotypes attached to technology (virtual assistants and robots). The main goals are to emphasize the labels given to technology from a gender perspective, the perceived competencies of the gendered technology, the most relevant variables responsible for the way gender issues are perceived in connection with technology, and the proposed solutions for diminishing the technology gender stereotypes. Forty-five scientific papers have been selected and analyzed. Findings suggest that the most intelligent technologies are designed as females, male-gendered technology performs better in task-solving, and users’ age and technology’s visual representation are important variables in perception.
RUI BARBOSA E A EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA: OS PARECERES DE 1882
Authors: Mormul Najla Mehanna , Machado Maria Cristina Gomes
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir as questões da educaçao brasileira na perspectiva de Rui Barbosa (1849-1923). Dentre uma das muitas causas defendidas por esse intelectual, destacamos a sua luta em favor da educação pública e de qualidade no Brasil, para isso redigiu seus pareceres sobre a educação. Rui Barbosa fez um detalhado levantamento sobre o ensino, tomando como suporte teórico os decretos e documentos que versavam sobre a educação nacional e internacional. Neste sentido, analisamos tais documentos com o intuito de conhecer um pouco mais de Rui Barbosa, bem somo seus projetos para a modernização do país e para a educação brasileira.
POLÍTICAS DE FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NOS ANOS 1950: PROBLEMATIZANDO OS "ANOS DOURADOS" DO INSTITUTO DE EDUCAÇÃO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Lopes Sonia de Castro
Published: December 2022

O presente trabalho tece considerações sobre a memória que se cristalizou sobre uma das mais tradicionais instituições de formação de professores da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Partindo da hipótese segundo a qual os idílicos anos dourados apresentam-se como uma construção e mais do que isso - um clichê nostálgico - busca-se, nos limites desse texto, apontar para algumas possibilidades no sentido de apreender evidências capazes de relativizar essa construção já transformada em senso-comum. Nesse sentido, o artigo propõe a discussão das teorias que Pierre Nora (1993) e Jacques Le Goff (1996) estabelecem a respeito das categorias história e memória, bem como a articulação entre as políticas de formação docente e o processo de redemocratização vivido pela sociedade brasileira especialmente no âmbito da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, antigo Distrito Federal.
"LEITURA QUE RECOMENDAMOS - O QUE TODOS DEVEM LER": IMPRESSOS DIDÁTICOS E ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA NAS ESCOLAS ANARQUISTAS
Authors: Moraes José Damiro
Published: December 2022

A Educação sempre foi tema presente nas discussões e práticas do anarquismo inspirando a criação de escolas, centros de cultura e, principalmente publicações educacionais. Em Barcelona, Francisco Ferrer y Guardia (1850 - 1909) criador da Escuela Moderna fundou uma editora para produzir e publicar os livros que utilizaria, a "Biblioteca de la Escuela Moderna". Nesta mesma direção, os anarquistas brasileiros investiram na publicação e divulgação de material para dar suporte teórico às suas ações educacionais. Encontramos no jornal A Voz do Trabalhador (1908-1915) e na revista A Vida (1914-1915) a orientação: "Leitura que recomendamos - O que todos devem ler" com diversas obras indicadas. Conjuntamente, no projeto educacional anarquista foi pensado uma outra forma de ensino de história desenvolvido no Compêndio de História Universal de Clemencia Jacquinet. A partir das análises e interpretações deste material procuramos perceber as diferenças, similitudes e compromissos na formação individual e coletiva desejada pelo projeto libertário da construção de uma nova sociedade.
INSTRUMENTOS DO TRABALHO DIDÁTICO NA NOVA ARTE DE ENSINAR DE RATKE: UM PROJETO CONSTITUÃDO PARA A REFORMA DA EDUCAÇÃO E DA SOCIEDADE
Authors: Hoff Sandino
Published: December 2022

O tema deste artigo são as funções sociais atribuídas aos instrumentos didáticos por Wolfgang Ratke (1571-1635) em sua Nova Arte de Ensinar. Elas se solidificam no ensino por meio de manual, livro, livro de leitura, livro de ensino, livro escolar, guia, compêndio e tabela. Este texto analisa o conceito de Didática e os conceitos básicos de Ratke que põem em evidência uma organização do trabalho didático, em que a objetivação do trabalho convive com a subjetividade docente. Conclui afirmando que os manuais didáticos, definidos por Comenius (confeccionado de tal forma que contém tudo o que o professor necessita para sua aula), não estão totalmente presentes nos recursos didáticos ratiquianos. A maior parte dos livros escolares do didático alemão apresenta-se como um guia, útil para fornecer ao professor um fio condutor (.Leifaden.), no intuito de a subjetividade do mestre-do-ensino organizar o trabalho didático.
AGENTES DO ENSINO INDUSTRIAL NO BRASIL (1920-30-40) E SUAS REFERÊNCIAS INTERNACIONAIS: EUROPEÃSMO E AMERICANISMO
Authors: Pedrosa José Geraldo , Santos Oldair Glatson dos
Published: December 2022

A abordagem aqui realizada envolve a experiência brasileira de preparação das redes nacionais de ensino industrial que vieram à tona nos anos 1940. Trata-se das redes que visavam à formação de operários e de técnicos para a indústria que expandia em decorrência de escolhas nacionais e de fatores internacionais relacionados à economia de guerra. Pouco experiente com o ensino industrial em larga escala, o Brasil buscou referenciar-se em experiências internacionais. Para isso foram necessários intercâmbios, viagens técnicas, participação em congressos, celebração de acordos, importação e adaptação de modelos, tradução de livros e contratação de professores. Para estruturar redes de ensino industrial o Brasil mobilizou educadores e engenheiros. Mas em que experiências internacionais o Brasil deveria espelhar seu ensino industrial? Os anos 1940 são emblemáticos na afirmação do americanismo e no ofuscamento do europeísmo. A trajetória seguida pelo artigo busca identificar os principais agentes brasileiros envolvidos na preparação dessas redes de ensino industrial e seus percursos na busca de experiências internacionais. O que se demonstra, com base no exame de cartas e relatórios, é como as relações do Brasil com a Europa vão dificultando-se, restringindo-se, ao mesmo tempo em que os Estados Unidos vão credenciando-se, aproximando-se e transferindo capital, técnicas, homens e modelos. Em meados do século XX, mesmo antes da autodestruição europeia, o americanismo já era irradiante e isso se reflete nas ideias e nos produtos institucionais gerados pelos agentes do ensino industrial brasileiro.
A FEIRA DE UTILIDADES DE CLARICE LISPECTOR/HELEN PALMER E A EDUCAÇÃO DAS MULHERES NO CORREIO DA MANHÃ (1959-1961)
Authors: Neiva Renata Maria de Oliveira , Campos Raquel Discini de
Published: December 2022

O artigo analisa a coluna Feira de Utilidades (1959-1961), criada por Clarice Lispector, sob o pseudônimo Helen Palmer, e publicada pelo impresso Correio da Manhã, um dos jornais mais lidos do país no século XX. A Feira, patrocinada pela indústria de cosméticos Pond's, era voltada para a leitura feminina e trazia textos, dicas, receitas e aconselhamentos direcionad à mulher jovem e casada, ou à procura de marido. As temáticas abordadas por Clarice/Palmer eram diversas, no entanto, todas giravam em torno de assuntos tidos como tipicamente femininos: moda, beleza, sedução, maquiagem, decoração, cuidados com o lar etc. Sob a inspiração das pesquisas relacionadas Ã  História Social da Imprensa, Gênero e História da Educação feminina, o presente trabalho examinou um total de 111 colunas, buscando compreender de que forma o jornal contribuiu para um determinado tipo de educação das mulheres - bem como para a ressignificação de antigos estereótipos relacionados a elas.
AS IDEIAS DE ROUSSEAU NOS MANUAIS DE HISTÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO COM AUTORES ESTRANGEIROS PUBLICADOS NO BRASIL (1939-2010)
Authors: Júnior Décio Gatti
Published: December 2022

Neste artigo, o objeto privilegiado foi o ideário rousseauniano contido nos diferentes manuais de História da Educação com autores estrangeiros que foram traduzidos para o português e publicados no Brasil entre os anos de 1939 a 2010, o que incluiu o exame de doze obras. As ideais de Rousseau e suas influências sobre uma plêiade multifacetada de teorias e de práticas políticas e educativas ao longo do tempo mereceu destaque nas obras analisadas, muitas delas, com capítulos inteiros dedicados ao autor e a sua influência sobre políticos, educadores, instituições e práticas escolares. Todavia, dada esta mesma centralidade, os autores dos manuais didáticos analisados não poucas vezes se manifestaram favoravelmente ou desfavoravelmente ao pensamento de Rousseau. Assim, constatou-se que apenas uma pequena parte dos manuais teve êxito no estabelecimento de relações entre as ideias políticas, educacionais e pedagógicas em Rousseau. Constatou-se ainda que houve predomínio de análises que privilegiaram o pensamento rousseauniano como precursor do desenvolvimento futuro da psicologia do desenvolvimento humano, com destaque para a psique infantil. Outras análises ainda foram muito críticas em relação as ideias educativas de Rousseau e as ideias liberais de modo geral, o que se deve ao corte analítico enviesado por forte crítica ideológica, seja a do espectro católico tradicional ou a do espectro comunista.
O ENSINO DA HISTÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO NA UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA
Authors: Mogarro Maria João
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho analisa a constituição do campo científico da História da Educação na Universidade de Lisboa, abordando a presença da História da Educação nos planos de estudo dos cursos de formação de professores e outros cursos, destinados a públicos diferentes, assim como a investigação desenvolvida, os projetos financiados e as obras publicadas, principalmente após meados do séc. XX. Os principais nomes deste universo são realçados, pelo papel que desempenharam na afirmação da disciplina e da área. Num tópico preliminar, aborda-se brevemente a presença da História da Educação nas primeiras décadas de formação de professores e os manuais que então foram publicados. Em seguida, desenvolve-se a legitimação desta área na Universidade de Lisboa, pela ação dos seus docentes (antes de 1974) e pela diversificação de oferta formativa. No final, aborda-se a vitalidade que marca o campo a partir da década de 1980 e a sua internacionalização.
Amanda Labarca, importante educadora feminista del Siglo XX en Chile
Authors: Escudero Jaime Caiceo
Published: December 2022

En los esfuerzos por democratizar la educación en Chile durante el siglo XX, impulso favorecido por las ideas pedagógicas de Dewey llegadas al país con el advenimiento de la nueva centuria, Amanda Labarca (1886-1975) realizó un importante aporte, no sólo a través del rol que tuvo en el sistema escolar (docente de liceos, normales y universidad; Directora de Liceo y Directora General de Educación Secundaria del Ministerio de Educación) sino que también impulsando los derechos de la mujer en el país hasta lograr el sufragio femenino (Vicepresidenta de la Asociación de Mujeres Universitarias, Fundadora del Comité pro Derechos de la Mujer, Presidenta de la Federación Chilena de Instituciones Femeninas). Ella se tituló de profesora de Castellano en el Instituto Pedagógico de la Universidad de Chile a los 19 aÃ±os; se perfeccionó en el Teacher's College de la Universidad de Columbia en Nueva York y en la Universidad de La Sorbonne en París.
As histórias em quadrinhos nas aulas de matemática
Authors: Tavares Rodrigues Tonon Sandra de Fátima
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no ano de 2004, em forma de mini-curso, e envolveu

professores do ensino fundamental2, ciclos I e II, da região de Piraju, SP. Teve como objetivo envolver os alunos no mundo da leitura e da matemática, além de abordar alguns temas transversais. Para isso, foi utilizada a história em quadrinhos em contextos matemáticos. O mini-curso foi oferecido na forma de adesão e os professores comprometeram-se a aplicá-lo em pelo menos uma turma e encaminhar os resultados obtidos à assistente técnico-pedagógica de matemática da Diretoria de Ensino de Piraju. Os professores e os alunos gostaram muito da atividade, os resultados atingidos foram excelentes.
Conversas dentro do museu: ações educativas entre o Museu Universitário de Arte e duas escolas públicas da cidade de Uberlândia
Authors: Mourão Arslan Luciana , Rezende de Oliveira Adelaine , Vieira  Quercia Ana Cristina , Coelho Porto Rocha Carla , De Almeida Gaio Rodrigues Carolina , Soares de Freitas Glauber , Martins Borela Paula , Barbosa Silva Sinara Aparecida , Da Silva Martins Surraile , Viana Marques Flávia
Published: December 2022

Este artigo apresenta um relato baseado no projeto desenvolvido entre o Museu Universitário de Arte- MUnA e duas escolas públicas da cidade de Uberlândia. Nesta experiência , propusemos "conversas na galeria" , uma atividade interativa que despertou, nos estudantes, o prazer de visitar Museus de Arte.
Educação Urbana: construindo cidadania e sociabilidade em escolas municipais de Viçosa-MG
Authors: Browne Ribeiro Filho Geraldo , D'El Rei Lopes Passos Flora , De Moura Paulino Carolina
Published: December 2022

O projeto de extensão universitária consistiu do planejamento e da realização de atividades de caráter lúdico com alunos da terceira série do ensino fundamental da Escola Municipal Coronel Antônio da Silva Bernardes, no município de Viçosa, Minas Gerais. O objetivo foi despertar nas crianças o interesse pelas questões urbanas e a percepção da cidade como obra do homem, portanto, possível de ser transformada. Dessa forma foi lhes permitido o exercício da cidadania e a possibilidade de se tornarem sujeitos na disseminação das questões urbanas em seus círculos familiares. As atividades foram complementadas com debates, quando as crianças expressaram observações críticas sobre a realidade do município de Viçosa. As interpretações dos resultados revelam a importância de se estudar as questões urbanas nas escolas, concomitantemente com outras disciplinas. Principalmente, reforçam o reconhecimento das crianças como jovens cidadãs e permitem o questionamento sobre as atitudes dos cidadãos em geral com relação à cidade.
Educação para a saúde - um compromisso social da Faculdade de Odontologia com escolares da rede de ensino de Uberlândia
Authors: Maria de Oliveira Marra Evonete , Rezende Azevedo Marila , Parreira Tannus Liliane , Carvalho Maria de Lourdes , Maria Tolesano Loureiro Regina , Moreira Arcieri Rogério , Ono Rosana , Moreira Herval Áex
Published: December 2022

A educação para a saúde deve ser pensada como um processo capaz de sensibilizar os indivíduos para a consciência crítica de seus problemas e de suas causas, estimulando-os à mudança de comportamento e à formação de condutas saudáveis que sejam geradoras de qualidade de vida. Com a utilização de opções pedagógicas problematizadoras, que não somente informam, mas também instrumentalizam para transformação social, espera-se que haja reformulação de hábitos, aceitação de novos valores e estimulo à criatividade, com a perspectiva de melhorar o nível dos indicadores de saúde. Este trabalho visa discorrer sobre formas simples de abordagem para crianças e seus acompanhantes, independentemente de status sócio-econômico e grau de alfabetização. Entre os temas abordados ressaltam-se os hábitos saudáveis de vida, como cuidados pessoais e a alimentação adequada, enfocando principalmente os aspectos relacionados à saúde bucal. As atividades são desenvolvidas por meio de atividades lúdicas, teatros, músicas, com uso de material construído e apropriado à clientela. A estratégia operacional motivacional e a elaboração dos temas com o conteúdo em saúde bucal despertam o interesse dos educandos, que passam a se comprometer com a manutenção e recuperação da própria saúde e a valorizar a importância da adoção de novo comportamento.