bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INOVASI MANAJEMEN KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH MEMBETUK LULUSAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN TOURISM DI SMKN 1 SETELUK KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT
Authors: Irvan Irvan , Yamin Ahmad , Umar Umar
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan tentang inovasi penerapan manajemen kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam membetuk lulusan yang entrepreneurship in tourism di SMKN 1 Seteluk kabupaten Sumbawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan manajemen kepimpinan kepala sekolah dalam membentuk karakter entrepreneurship lulusan di SMKN 1 Seteluk, dan untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam membentuk karakter interpreneurship lulusan di SMKN 1 Seteluk. Penelitian ini di lakukan di SMKN 1 Seteluk, selama 5 bulan dari Agustus sampai dengan Desember 2021. Adapun informan atau responden penelitian ini sebanyak 5 orang terdiri dari kepala sekolah, guru dan staf tata usaha. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Selanjutnya, data di analisis dengan pola analisis Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri dari tiga prosudur kegiatan yaitu; reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data atau kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian penyusunan kurikulum dan pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia di SMKN 1 Seteluk penerapan prinsip-prinsip manajemen yaitu; planning, organizing, actuating dan controlling sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP). Proses pembelajaran praktik mata pelajaran PKK guna terwujudnya pembentukan karakter entrepreneurship tamatan sudah sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip manajemen sesuai dengan standar Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (BSNP).

Kata Kunci: Inovasi, Kepemimpinan, Kepala Sekolah, Entrepreneurship Tourism
Correlation of HIF-1α, CXCR4 and MMP13 Expression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Cervical Nodal Status
Authors: Etty Hary Kusumastuti  , Anny Setijo Rahaju  , Alphania Rahniayu  , Sjahjenny Mustokoweni  , Rovi Anggoro  , Muhtarum Yusuf  , I Ketut Sudiana
Published: August 2022

Background: Laryngeal carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the upper respiratory tract, more than 98% are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). New method is necessary for identifying and αpredicting nodal metastasis in laryngeal SCC. Overproliferating tumor cells will induce hypoxia and release HIF-1α, which in turn will upregulate CXCR4. CXCR4 then will induce MMP13, a protein that degrade extracellular matrix (ECM), thus promoting metastatic process.
Methods: A cross sectional study, using 30 samples of laryngeal SCC, divided into two groups: based on cervical lymph node status. All samples were stained immunohistochemically against HIF-1α, CXCR4 and MMP13 antibody. The expressions were evaluated using immunoreactive score (IRS).
Result: There were significant difference among HIF1α, CXCR4, and MMP13 in laryngeal SCC with positive nodal metastasis group compared to negative nodal metastasis group (p<0,05).  
Conclusion: There were significant differences in HIF-1α, CXCR4 and MMP13 immunoexpression in laryngeal SCC with cervical nodal metastasis compared to laryngeal SCC without cervical nodal metastasis. There was a positive correlation between HIF-1α and MMP13 expression, positive correlation between CXCR4 and MMP13 expression, but there was no correlation between HIF-1α and CXCR4 expression.
Methodological considerations for the force-matching task
Authors: McNaughton David , Hope Rhys , Gray Emily , Xavier Freya , Beath Alissa , Jones Michael
Published: August 2022

The force-matching task integrates haptic technology and electrical engineering to determine an individual’s level of sensory attenuation to somatic stimuli. The task requires a detailed methodology to facilitate reliable and replicable estimates, and there has been a distinct lack of re-evaluation of the methodological processes related to this paradigm. In this task, participants are asked to match a force delivered to their finger, either by pressing directly on their own finger with their other hand (known as the direct condition) or by controlling the device using an external potentiometer to control the force indirectly through a torque motor (known as the slider condition). We analysed 138 participants to determine 1) the optimal number of replications (2, 4, 6, or 8 replications) of the target force, 2) the optimal time window (1–1.5 s, 1.5–2 s, 2–2.5 s and 2.5–3 s) to extract the estimate of sensory attenuation, 3) if participants’ performance during the task improved, worsened or was stable across the experimental period regardless of condition, and 4) if learning effects were related to psychological traits. Results showed that the number of replications of the target forces may be reduced from 8 without compromising the estimate of sensory attenuation, the optimal time window for the extraction of the matched force is 2.5–3 s, the performance is stable over the duration of the experiment and not impacted by the measured psychological traits. In conclusion, we present a number of methodological considerations which improve the efficiency and reliability of the force-matching task.

Highlights

• The force-matching task determines an individual’s level of sensory attenuation

• The optimal number of replications of the target force may be reduced from 8

• The optimal time window to extract the matched force is 2.5–3.0 s

• The estimate of sensory attenuation is stable across the duration of the task
IMPLEMENTASI BUDAYA DALAM KOMUNIKASI KONSELING YANG EFEKTIF
Authors: Yaniasti Ni Luh
Published: August 2022

Proses konseling memperhatikan, menghargai, dan menghormati unsurunsur kebudayaan tersebut. Pengentasan masalah individu sangat mungkin dikaitkan dengan budaya yang mempengaruhi individu. Pelayanan konseling menyadarkan klien yang terlibat dengan budaya tertentu; menyadarkan bahwa permasalahan yang timbul, dialami bersangkut paut dengan unsur budaya tertentu, dan pada akhirnya pengentasan masalah individu tersebut perlu dikaitkan dengan unsur budaya yang bersangkutan. Sudah pengetahuan umum bahwa antara konselor dan klien pasti mempunyai perbedaan budaya yang sangat mendasar. Perbedaan budaya itu bisa mengenai nilai nilai, keyakinan, perilaku dan lain sebagainya. Perbedaan ini muncul karena antara konselor dan klien berasal dari budaya yang berbeda. Konseling lintas budaya akan dapat terjadi seperti saat konselor yang orang Bali memberikan layanan konseling pada klien yang berasal dari Ambon atau sebaliknya. Dalam konseling lintas budaya konselor agar komunikasi dapat efektif perlu memikirkan perspektif budaya dalam seperti nilainilai budaya yang relevan, penerapan nilai-nilai budaya seperti keterampilan memperhatikan, memantulkan perasaan, keterampilan menggunakan pertanyaan untuk membuka konseling, keterampilan menstruktur, keterampilan menyelesaikan masalah, keterampilan memahami jalan pikiran klien, dan keterampilan memahami tingkah laku klien.
PENGGUNAAN METODE KONTEKSTUAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PRAKARYA PADA SISWA SMP NEGERI 2 TEJAKULA
Authors: Arsani Nyoman
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP N 2 Tejakula pada siswa Kelas IX D dengan kondisi hasil belajar prakarya siswa rendah. Tujuan penulisan penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan metode kontekstual dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar prakarya pada siswa. Metode pengumpulan data yang dipergunakan adalah tes observasi hasil belajar siswa. Metode analisis datanya adalah metode deskriptif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan metode kontekstual dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Ini terbukti adanya perkembangan hasil belajar prakarya pada siswa yang awalnya rata-rata kelasnya 68,1, dengan ketuntasan 37,04, selanjutnya setelah pelaksanaan pada siklus I, hasil belajar siswa meningkat rataratanya menjadi 74,44 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 62,96%. Dari Siklus I ke Siklus II juga terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar prakarya siswa dengan rata-rata menjadi 77,03 dan ketuntasan klasikal 100%. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan metode kontekstual dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar prakarya pada siswa kelas IX D semester ganjil SMP N 2 Tejakula tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.
KONTRIBUSI ADVERSITY QUOTIENT (AQ), ETOS KERJA DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA GURU DI SMA NEGERI 2 SEMARAPURA PADA SEMESTER GENAP TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022
Authors: Janiarta I Wayan
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi dari: (1) adversity qoutient, (2) etos kerja, (3) budaya organisasi, terhadap (4) kinerja guru di SMA Negeri 2 Semarapura. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, maka dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian korelasional terhadap guru-guru di SMA Negeri 2 Semarapura. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Untuk menguji hipotesis, terlebih dahulu dilakukan analisis data yaang telah dikumpulkan. Dalam melakukan analisis data untuk penelitian ini ada tiga tahapan yang dilalui yakni: (1) tahap deskripsi data, (2) tahap pengujian prasyarat analisis, dan (3) tahap pengujian hipotesis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan, temuan yang diperoleh adalah sebagai berikut. (1) Terdapat kontribusi yang signifikan adversity quotient (AQ) terhadap Kinerja Guru SMA Negeri 2 Semarapura pada Semester Genap Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022; besarnya kontribusi adalah (R square × 100%) 19,1%. (2) Terdapat kontribusi yang signifikan Etos kerja guru terhadap Kinerja Guru SMA Negeri 2 Semarapura pada Semester Genap Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022; besarnya kontribusi adalah (R square × 100%) 5,5%. (3) Terdapat kontribusi yang signifikan Budaya Organisasi Sekolah terhadap Kinerja Guru SMA Negeri 2 Semarapura pada Semester Genap Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022; besarnya kontribusi adalah (R square × 100%) 40,5%. (4) Secara bersama-sama terdapat kontribusi secara signifikan adversity quotient (AQ), Etos Kerja, dan Budaya Organisasi Sekolah terhadap Kinerja Guru SMA Negeri 2 Semarapura pada Semester Genap Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022; besarnya kontribusi adalah (R square × 100%) 44,1%.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN 7E-ONLINE TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA KELAS XII MIPA SMA NEGERI 1 RENDANG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022
Authors: Rumithi Ni Made
Published: August 2022

Proses pembentukan pemahaman konsep menjadi permasalahan utama dalam pendidikan. Rancangan kegiatan pembelajaran yang dipersiapkan guru menentukan proses pembentukan pemahaman bagi peserta didik. Model pembelajaran 7E dapat dirancang dalam jaringan sebagai fasilitas belajar mandiri. Untuk menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran 7E-Online dalam pembentukan pemahaman, maka dilakukan penelitian yang melibatkan 66 orang peserta didik kelas XII MIPA yang terdistribusi ke du akelas yaitu kelas XII MIPA1 dan XII MIPA 3. Untuk mengukur tingkat pemahaman siswa digunakan tes pemahaman konsep. Tes pemahaman konsep dibuat berdasarkan tiga tingkatan level pemahaman yaitu: transalasi, interpretasi, dan ekstrapolasi. Pemahaman konsep model pembelajaran 7E-Online berbeda secara signifikan dengan pemahaman konsep pembelajaran konvensional. Rata-rata pada kelompok eksperimen 76,45 dan pada kelompok control 68,82 berbeda secara signifikan nilai F=57,129 dengan mengendalikan pengetahuan awal sebagai covariable. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil positif pada pembelajaran 7E-Online untuk membentuk level-level pemahaman konsep sebagai alternatif pembelajaran di era Pandemi Covid-19.
Dual Solutions of Magnetohydrodynamics Al2O3+Cu Hybrid Nanofluid Over a Vertical Exponentially Shrinking Sheet by Presences of Joule Heating and Thermal Slip Condition
Authors: Muhammad Sajjad  , Ali Mujtaba  , Adnan Asghar  , Teh Yuan Ying
Published: August 2022

Hybrid nanofluid has an extensive range of real-world applications. Hybrid nanofluid is a new and advanced nanofluid modification extensively used to increase thermal efficiency in fluid flow systems. The main objective of this research is to study magnetohydrodynamics hybrid nanofluid flow numerically in two dimensional over a vertical exponentially shrinking sheet, considering the effects of Joule heating and thermal slip condition. Furthermore, using the Tiwari-Das model, the influence of the suction parameter on variations of reduced skin friction and reduced heat transfer is also explored. The hybrid nanofluid in this research is an Al2O3+Cu/water hybrid nanofluid, in which water is the base fluid, and two types of solid nanoparticles, namely Alumina (Al2O3) and copper (Cu), are combined together. The governing partial differential (PDEs) equations are transformed into the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using exponential similarity variables. The resulting ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are numerically solved using the three-stage Labatto III-A technique in the "MATLAB software's" bvp4c solver. Hybrid nanofluids have greater thermal efficiency than nanofluids and base fluid. Dual solutions are obtained in specified ranges of suitable parameters. The temperature profile rises in both solutions as the Eckert value enhances. Besides, In the first and second solutions, the thermal boundary layer thickness decreased gradually as the thermal slip parameter increased. Finally, the conclusions presented that solution duality exists when the suction parameter , while no flow of fluid is possible when .
CFD Simulation Analysis of Sub-Component in Municipal Solid Waste Gasification Using Plasma Downdraft Technique
Authors: Nelvin Kaw Chee Qing  , Nor Afzanizam Samiran  , Razlin Abd Rashid
Published: August 2022

Plasma gasification technology is one of the potential methods to decompose dangerous wastes and turn them into non-leachable slag due to it greater energy efficiency and bottom ash prevention concerns. However, a fundamental study of CFD simulation on the reaction flow characteristic using the operational of plasma gasification process was scarce. The present study aims to investigate the gasification characteristic of municipal solid waste (MSW) component including food waste, paper, and yard waste to produce synthesis gas using a 3-dimensional CFD simulation method in the downdraft plasma gasifier. The reaction model of non-premixed combustion, Euler-Lagrangian approach and K- ε turbulence model was used as a setup parameter. Plasma being consider as hot gas with 1173K, coal as 293K and air inlet on 673K. Flowrate of feedstocks, plasma gas flow and air flowrate are set to 0.029 kg/s, 0.0438kg/s, and 0.0029kg/s respectively. Based on the result and comparison between those feedstocks, food waste typically produced higher CH4, CO, and CO2 than paper and yard. Yard wastes yield the highest H2 content which consist of 0.544 mole fraction, with 539.24% higher than food waste and 79.76% higher than paper. The result showed that gasification of different component from MSW produced different characteristic of syngas based on the properties of the feedstock.
Cultura organizacional y su relación con la motivación laboral en una entidad pública de Lima-Perú
Authors: La Cotera Vega José Antonio
Published: August 2022

El objetivo del presente arti?culo ha sido determinar la relacio?n que existe entre la cultura organizacional y la motivacio?n laboral en el personal del Programa de Prevencio?n Estrate?gica del Delito de Lima Metropolitana y Callao. La investigacio?n fue de tipo ba?sica, cuantitativa, se siguio? un disen?o no experimental transversal (descriptivo y correlacional). La poblacio?n comprendio? al personal del Programa de Prevencio?n Estrate?gica del Delito, siendo 41 los sujetos de estudio y 37 la muestra. Para determinar la relacio?n entre las variables cultura organizacional y motivacio?n laboral se utilizo? la prueba de coeficiente de correlacio?n Rho de Spearman y se demostro? que existe relacio?n entre cultura organizacional y la motivacio?n laboral en el personal del Programa de Prevencio?n Estrate?gica del Delito de Lima Metropolitana y Callao. Los resultados de las hipo?tesis arrojaron valores menores a 0,05 (p<0.05).
Periodismo ambiental en la prensa digital Latinoamericana
Authors: Ariza Rodríguez Cindy Mariana , Aranzazu Rodríguez María José , García Villalba Cristian
Published: August 2022

El presente trabajo tiene como fin analizar cómo la prensa digitallatinoamericana ha abordado los temas ambientales durante agosto, septiembre y octubre de 2019, es una investigación mixta, de tipo descriptivo, con la cual se logró identificar, medir ydescribir el trabajo de los mismos durante el periodo ya mencionado. Para esto es necesario abordar y conocer el concepto del periodismo ambiental, el cual se caracteriza por serun periodismo especializado, que brinda información sobre la interacción de las personas con el entorno. El periodismo ambiental exige mayor preparación periodística a la hora deabordar la temática, además, tiene una particularidad, y es que incentiva, conciencia y forma ciudadanos para unbien común.
De wooncrisis in Nederland: voorbij het idee van ‘natuurverschijnsel’
Authors: Custers Gijs
Published: August 2022

Cody Hochstenbach analyseert de wooncrisis in Nederland en stelt vast hoe politiek zowel bijdraagt aan de oorzaak, als deel van een oplossing kan zijn.
Sexual Harassment in Bangladesh: A Note on Legal Perspective
Authors: Khan Md. Mahabub Ul Alam , Halder Gita Debi
Published: August 2022

This paper offers a description of sexual harassment in Bangladesh. Here the existing laws related to the issue have been analyzed, and a comparative approach to molestation has also been discussed. Different surveys have indicated the increasing rate of sexual harassment in Bangladesh. Countries, such as India, and Pakistan are having specific laws and relevant provisions to mitigate such offenses. Despite having laws regarding such offenses, most countries are unable to fight the social ailment of sexual harassment. The secondary data finds that in 2017, 54.7% of women living in urban areas faced the violence of physical, psychological, financial, and social nature, and received unusual words from the stranger and sometimes also from the known person. Sexual Harassment is taking place in different places including workplaces, educational institutions, and online platforms. The existing legislation regarding such offenses may not be adequate in the current situation as the nature of such offenses has been changed. This paper provides recommendations for amending necessary provisions to mitigate such problems. It highlights different surveys on the issue and elucidates the provisions of sexual harassment. Data have been collected from newspaper articles, journal articles, websites, and case references. The comparative perspective of sexual harassment in different countries has also been discussed in this paper.
INFORMATION SOURCE AND DESTINATION CHOICE: MEDIATION OF PERCEPTION OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACTS AND PERCEPTION OF DESTINATION
Authors: Le Thi Mai , Bui My-Trinh
Published: August 2022

The tourism industry has changed at its core in response to the emergence of economic vitality, climate change, and notably the recent COVID-19 outbreak. This study’s objectives are (1) to examine the factors affecting tourists’ destination choices, including their information sources, their perceptions of their destinations, and their perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact and (2) to determine which of these factors play the most critical mediating role (i.e., perception of COVID-19 pandemic impact or perception of destination) in the relationship between information source and destination choice. Data from an online survey data of 645 respondents from Vietnam and MTurk were analyzed using SPSS version 22, Smart PLS 2.0 and Hayes Process 3.5. Our empirical findings suggest that (1) information source positively influences destination choice, (2) perception of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact acts as a key mediator in the relationship between information sources and destination choices, and (3) perception of destination ranked first as the most vital factor in tourists’ destination choices. Our studies also discovered that the relationship from Information sources -> Perception of destination -> Destination choice is the strongest effect on travelers among the three indirect relationship. Our research will be of the greatest benefits to tourism stakeholders or tourism businesses as a foundation for further exploration into consumers’ behavior and attitudes toward destinations and help them to promote efficient emergencyresponse plans.
THE ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF INDONESIAN CREATIVITY SCALE USING RASCH MODEL
Authors: Indihadi Dian , Suryana Dodi , Ahmad Aslina Binti
Published: August 2022

This study was conducted to analyze the construct validity of the Indonesian creativity scale developed by the Integrated Services Unit for Guidance and Counseling Services at the Indonesia University of Education, Indonesia. The research sample was 500 elementary school students in Indonesia, with 22 samples in West Java, Indonesia. This study employed a quantitative approach and a descriptive method with a survey design as the research method. Data were analyzed using the Rasch model using Winstep version 5.1.4. The analysis results show that the interaction between respondents and items is included in the very good category. The respondent’s reliability value which shows the consistency of the respondent in filling out the instrument is included in the very good category. The reliability of the instrument shows that it is in the very good category. However, the unidimensionality of the instrument indicates that the instrument is still not perfect for measurement. In addition, four items do not meet the measurement standards, which have a logit value that is greater than the average value after being added to the standard deviation value, and some item which has a bias in the gender category. It is hoped that with the results of this study, the Indonesian creativity scale instrument can be evaluated and developed so that an accurate instrument is obtained in measuring the creativity of elementary school students.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE OFFICE BUILDING SYSTEMS’ MANAGEMENT BASED ON THE LONG-TERM MONITORING DATA
Authors: Motuzienė Violeta
Published: August 2022

Climate change and its consequences pose an existential threat to Europe and the world, where more than 75% of the European Union’s greenhouse gas emissions come from energy production. For this reason, it is very important to increase the energy efficiency of buildings, as the building sector is one of the biggest energy consumers with an impact on the still untapped potential for energy savings. Although buildings are constructed and certified as energy efficient, their in-use consumption is often significantly higher than expected. Especially significant in energy consumption between design and actual consumption are found in office buildings. The higher energy consumption is due to factors related to the design and operation phases. Researchers often emphasize the management of a building’s engineering systems as one of the key factors influencing a building’s energy consumption. The article analyses the existing office building and evaluates the efficiency of its energy using systems’ management based on long-term monitoring data. After identifying which systems are managed inefficiently, several management strategies have been proposed and evaluated. It was found that with simple management strategies heating energy reduction is about 20% per year.
AU Microscopii in the Far-UV: Observations in Quiescence, during Flares, and Implications for AU Mic b and c
Authors: Feinstein Adina D. , France Kevin , Youngblood Allison , Duvvuri Girish M. , Teal D. J. , Cauley P. Wilson , Seligman Darryl Z. , Gaidos Eric , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Bean Jacob L. , Diamond-Lowe Hannah , Newton Elisabeth , Ginzburg Sivan , Plavchan Peter , Gao Peter , Schlichting Hilke
Published: August 2022

High-energy X-ray and ultraviolet (UV) radiation from young stars impacts planetary atmospheric chemistry and mass loss. The active ∼22 Myr M dwarf AU Mic hosts two exoplanets orbiting interior to its debris disk. Therefore, this system provides a unique opportunity to quantify the effects of stellar X-ray and UV irradiation on planetary atmospheres as a function of both age and orbital separation. In this paper, we present over 5 hr of far-UV (FUV) observations of AU Mic taken with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS; 1070-1360 Å) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We provide an itemization of 120 emission features in the HST/COS FUV spectrum and quantify the flux contributions from formation temperatures ranging from 104 to 107 K. We detect 13 flares in the FUV white-light curve with energies ranging from 1029 to 1031 erg s. The majority of the energy in each of these flares is released from the transition region between the chromosphere and the corona. There is a 100× increase in flux at continuum wavelengths λ < 1100 Å in each flare, which may be caused by thermal Bremsstrahlung emission. We calculate that the baseline atmospheric mass-loss rate for AU Mic b is ∼108 g s−1, although this rate can be as high as ∼1014 g s−1 during flares with

L

flare

≃

10

33

erg s−1. Finally, we model the transmission spectra for AU Mic b and c with a new panchromatic spectrum of AU Mic and motivate future JWST observations of these planets.
A Comprehensive Perturbative Formalism for Phase Mixing in Perturbed Disks. I. Phase Spirals in an Infinite, Isothermal Slab
Authors: Banik Uddipan , Weinberg Martin D. , van den Bosch Frank C.
Published: August 2022

Galactic disks are highly responsive systems that often undergo external perturbations and subsequent collisionless equilibration, predominantly via phase mixing. We use linear perturbation theory to study the response of infinite isothermal slab analogs of disks to perturbations with diverse spatiotemporal characteristics. Without self-gravity of the response, the dominant Fourier modes that get excited in a disk are the bending and breathing modes, which, due to vertical phase mixing, trigger local phase-space spirals that are one- and two-armed, respectively. We demonstrate how the lateral streaming motion of slab stars causes phase spirals to damp out over time. The ratio of the perturbation timescale (τ
P) to the local, vertical oscillation time (τ

z
) ultimately decides which of the two modes is excited. Faster, more impulsive (τ
P < τ

z
) and slower, more adiabatic (τ
P > τ

z
) perturbations excite stronger breathing and bending modes, respectively, although the response to very slow perturbations is exponentially suppressed. For encounters with satellite galaxies, this translates to more distant and more perpendicular encounters triggering stronger bending modes. We compute the direct response of the Milky Way disk to several of its satellite galaxies and find that recent encounters with all of them excite bending modes in the solar neighborhood. The encounter with Sagittarius triggers a response that is at least 1–2 orders of magnitude larger than that due to any other satellite, including the Large Magellanic Cloud. We briefly discuss how ignoring the presence of a dark matter halo and the self-gravity of the response might impact our conclusions.
Ice Age: Chemodynamical Modeling of Cha-MMS1 to Predict New Solid-phase Species for Detection with JWST
Authors: Jin Miwha , Lam Ka Ho , McClure Melissa K. , van Scheltinga Jeroen Terwisscha , Li Zhi-Yun , Boogert Adwin , Herbst Eric , Davis Shane W. , Garrod Robin T.
Published: August 2022

Chemical models and experiments indicate that interstellar dust grains and their ice mantles play an important role in the production of complex organic molecules (COMs). To date, the most complex solid-phase molecule detected with certainty in the interstellar medium is methanol, but the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) may be able to identify still larger organic species. In this study, we use a coupled chemodynamical model to predict new candidate species for JWST detection toward the young star-forming core Cha-MMS1, combining the gas–grain chemical kinetic code MAGICKAL with a 1D radiative hydrodynamics simulation using Athena++. With this model, the relative abundances of the main ice constituents with respect to water toward the core center match well with typical observational values, providing a firm basis to explore the ice chemistry. Six oxygen-bearing COMs (ethanol, dimethyl ether, acetaldehyde, methyl formate, methoxy methanol, and acetic acid), as well as formic acid, show abundances as high as, or exceeding, 0.01% with respect to water ice. Based on the modeled ice composition, the infrared spectrum is synthesized to diagnose the detectability of the new ice species. The contribution of COMs to IR absorption bands is minor compared to the main ice constituents, and the identification of COM ice toward the core center of Cha-MMS1 with the JWST NIRCAM/Wide Field Slitless Spectroscopy (2.4–5.0 μm) may be unlikely. However, MIRI observations (5–28 μm) toward COM-rich environments where solid-phase COM abundances exceed 1% with respect to the column density of water ice might reveal the distinctive ice features of COMs.
The Active Galactic Nuclei in the Hobby–Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment Survey (HETDEX). II. Luminosity Function
Authors: Liu Chenxu , Gebhardt Karl , Cooper Erin Mentuch , Zhang Yechi , Schneider Donald P. , Ciardullo Robin , Davis Dustin , Farrow Daniel J. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Gronwall Caryl , Hill Gary J. , House Lindsay , Jeong Donghui , Kollatschny Wolfram , Niemeyer Maja Lujan , Tuttle Sarah ,   (The HETDEX Collaboration)
Published: August 2022

We present the Lyα emission line luminosity function (LF) of the active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the first release of the Hobby–Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment Survey (HETDEX) AGN catalog. The AGN are selected either by emission line pairs characteristic of AGN or by a single broad emission line, free of any photometric preselections (magnitude/color/morphology). The sample consists of 2346 AGN spanning 1.88 < z < 3.53, covering an effective area of 30.61 deg2. Approximately 2.6% of the HETDEX AGN are not detected at >5σ confidence at r ∼ 26 in the deepest r-band images we have searched. The Lyα line luminosity ranges from ∼1042.3 to 1045.9 erg s−1. Our Lyα LF shows a turnover luminosity with opposite slopes on the bright end and the faint end: The space density is highest at

L

Ly
α

∗

=

10
43.4

erg s−1. We explore the evolution of the AGN LF over a broader redshift range (0.8 < z < 3); constructing the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) LF with the 1450 Å monochromatic luminosity of the power-law component of the continuum (M1450) from M
1450 ∼ −18 to −27.5. We divide the sample into three redshift bins (z ∼ 1.5, 2.1, and 2.6). In all three redshift bins, our UV LFs indicate that the space density of AGN is highest at the turnover luminosity

M

1450

*

with opposite slopes on the bright end and the faint end. The M
1450 LFs in the three redshift bins can be well fit with a luminosity evolution and density evolution model: the turnover luminosity (

M

1450

*

) increases, and the turnover density (Φ*) decreases with increasing redshift.
The Effects of Radiative Feedback and Supernova-induced Turbulence on Early Galaxies
Authors: Sarmento Richard , Scannapieco Evan
Published: August 2022

The recently launched James Webb Space Telescope promises unparalleled advances in our understanding of the first stars and galaxies, but realizing this potential requires cosmological simulations that capture the key physical processes that affected these objects. Here, we show that radiative transfer and subgrid turbulent mixing are two such processes. By comparing simulations with and without radiative transfer but with exactly the same physical parameters and subgrid turbulent mixing model, we show that tracking radiative transfer suppresses the Population III star formation density by a factor ≈4. In both simulations, ≳90% of Population III stars are found in the unresolved pristine regions tracked by our subgrid model, which does a better job at modeling the regions surrounding proto-galaxy cores where metals from supernovae take tens of megayears to mix thoroughly. At the same time, radiative transfer suppresses Population III star formation, via the development of ionized bubbles that slow gas accretion in these regions, and it results in compact high-redshift galaxies that are surrounded by isolated low-mass satellites. Thus, turbulent mixing and radiative transfer are both essential processes that must be included to accurately model the morphology, composition, and growth of primordial galaxies.
Black Hole–Black Hole Total Merger Mass and the Origin of LIGO/Virgo Sources
Authors: Belczynski Krzysztof , Doctor Zoheyr , Zevin Michael , Olejak Aleksandra , Banerje Sambaran , Chattopadhyay Debatri
Published: August 2022

The LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration has reported nearly 100 black hole (BH)–BH mergers. LVK provides estimates of rates, masses, effective spins, and redshifts for these mergers. Yet the formation channel(s) of the mergers remains uncertain. One way to search for a formation site is to contrast the properties of detected BH–BH mergers with different models of BH–BH merger formation. Our study is designed to investigate the usefulness of the total BH–BH merger mass and its evolution with redshift in establishing the origin of gravitational-wave sources. We find that the average intrinsic BH–BH total merger mass shows exceptionally different behaviors for the models that we adopt for our analysis. In the local universe (z = 0), the average merger mass changes from

M

¯

tot
,
int

∼
25

M

⊙

for the common envelope binary evolution and open cluster formation channels, to

M

¯

tot
,
int

∼
30

M

⊙

for the stable Roche lobe overflow binary channel, to

M

¯

tot
,
int

∼
45

M

⊙

for the globular cluster channel. These differences are even more pronounced at larger redshifts. However, these differences are diminished when considering the LVK O3 detector sensitivity. A comparison with the LVK O3 data shows that none of our adopted models can match the data, despite the large errors on BH–BH masses and redshifts. We emphasize that our conclusions are derived from a small set of six models that are subject to numerous known uncertainties. We also note that BH–BH mergers may originate from a mix of several channels, and that other (than those adopted here) BH–BH formation channels may exist.
The Spectral Energy Distributions for 4FGL Blazars
Authors: Yang J. H. , Fan J. H. , Liu Y. , Tuo M. X. , Pei Z. Y. , Yang W. X. , Yuan Y. H. , He S. L. , Wang S. H. , Wang X. C. , Chen X. J. , Qu X. H. , Cao Q. , Tao Q. Y. , Zhang Y. L. , Liu C. Q. , Nie J. J. , Liu L. F. , Jiang D. K. , Jiang A. N. , Liu B. , Yang R. S.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the multiwavelength data from radio to X-ray bands for 2709 blazars in the 4FGL-DR3 catalog are compiled to calculate their spectral energy distributions using a parabolic equation

log
(
ν

f

ν

)
=

P

1

log
ν
−

P

2

2

+

P

3

. Some important parameters including spectral curvature (P
1), synchrotron peak frequency (P
2,

log

ν

p

), and peak luminosity (

log

L

p

) are obtained. Based on those parameters, we discussed the classification of blazars using the “Bayesian classification” and investigated some mutual correlations. We came to the following results. (1) Based on the Bayesian classification of synchrotron peak frequencies, the 2709 blazars can be classified into three subclasses, i.e.,

log
(

ν

p

/

Hz
)
<
13.7

for low synchrotron peak blazars (LSPs),

13.7
<
log
(

ν

p

/

Hz
)
<
14.9

for intermediate synchrotron peak blazars (ISPs), and

log
(

ν

p

/

Hz
)
>
14.9

for high synchrotron peak blazars (HSPs), and there are 820 HSPs, 750 ISPs, and 1139 LSPs. (2) The γ-ray emission has the closest relationship with radio emission, followed by optical emission, while the weakest relationship is that with X-ray emission. The γ-ray luminosity is also correlated with the synchrotron peak luminosity. (3) There are strong positive correlations between the curvature (1/∣P
1∣) and the peak frequency (

log

ν

p

) for all subclasses (FSRQs, (high, intermediate, and low) BL Lacertae objects). For different subclasses, the correlation slopes are different, which implies that there are different acceleration mechanisms and emission processes for different subclasses of blazars.
The Fossil Lithistida Collection at the Natural History Museum, London (UK)
Authors: Sendino Consuelo , Tucker Andrew
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a quantitative and detailed description of the Fossil Lithistida Collection in the Natural History Museum, London. This collection started to be built with the first fossil sponges from the Cretaceous of Wiltshire, collected by William Smith in 1816 and 1818 for the first geological map of England. The latest specimen to enter the collection was collected from the Permo-Carboniferous of Norway by Angela Milner, a researcher at the Museum, in 2000. Although they are mostly from the Cretaceous of England, lithistids are represented from the Cambrian to Cenozoic of England. This makes this collection key for studying this group. Lithistid study will help with understanding of biosilicification evolution in sponges to unlock the changing patterns in the silica cycle in the oceans through geological time.

A dataset with information about all the Fossil Lithistida Collection is available through the NHM Data Portal and Suppl. material 1. This dataset includes taxonomic identifications, registration numbers of the specimens, geographic and stratigraphic details, information about specimen collectors and donors, type status and publications where the specimens have been referred.
Introducing ChecklistBank: An index and repository for taxonomic data
Authors: Döring Markus , Jeppesen Thomas , Bánki Olaf
Published: August 2022

As a joint development between Catalogue of Life (COL) and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), ChecklistBank supports the publication and curation of checklists and provides a platform for their consistent discovery, use and citation. GBIF has for some time maintained ChecklistBank as its repository for its community to share species checklist data and to drive species searches on GBIF. The collaboration built on an earlierversion, to add functions needed to assemble the COL Checklist (Bánki et al. 2022) and to make it an independent system. Its data model is built around the Catalogue of Life Data Package (ColDP) format (Döring and Ower 2019), the preferred standard for sharing data with ChecklistBank. Since December 2020, ChecklistBank is actively being used to host all of the COL data sources and produce the integrated COL Checklist. We will introduce the fundamental ideas of ChecklistBank, the tools currently offered to users and explore ideas of mapping checklists to taxon concepts.
Stratigraphic range extension of the turtle Boremys pulchra (Testudinata, Baenidae) through at least the uppermost Cretaceous
Authors: Adrian Brent
Published: August 2022

New material of the derived baenid turtle Boremys pulchra from the Hell Creek Formation of Montana extends the stratigraphic range of the taxon through at minimum the latest Maastrichtian. Previously, the species was constrained to the Campanian of Montana and Alberta, so this extension constitutes at least 5 million years. Due to fossil reworking at the Bug Creek Anthills assemblage, where Maastrichtian and Paleocene deposits are mixed, a definitive extension for B. pulchra cannot currently include Paleocene strata. However, the presence of B. pulchra in latest Cretaceous strata, previous identification of Paleocene Boremys sp. and the general success of baenid taxa across the K–Pg boundary, make it quite plausible that B. pulchra survived the extinction event and that previously described Maastrichtian and Paleocene Boremys sp. material probably represents a new taxon. A stratigraphic extension beyond the Campanian indicates that B. pulchra survived the paleoenvironmental conditions of the latest Cretaceous, where adaptation to locally heterogeneous aquatic habitats and paleotemperature fluctuations may have facilitated latest Cretaceous and K–Pg survivorship. Additionally, ectoparasitic bore marks on the Boremys pulchra specimen described here can be attributed to the ichnotaxon Karethraichnus lakkos.
Proposal (30) to conserve the name Polysticho setiferi-Fraxinetum excelsioris (Tüxen et Oberdorfer 1958) Rivas-Martínez ex Díaz et Fernández Prieto 1994 with a conserved type
Authors: Loidi Javier , Amigo Javier , Bueno Álvaro , Herrera Mercedes , Rodríguez-Guitián Manuel A.
Published: August 2022

Abstract: The association Polysticho setiferi-Fraxinetum excelsioris was described as a meso-eutrophic thermophilic forest dominated by common oak (Quercus robur) with a distribution that includes the Oviedo district in Asturias and the Basque-Cantabrian area (N Spain and SW France). However, when a lectotype was chosen to comply with Article 19 of the ICPN, a relevé dominated by beech was selected, which leads to interpretive problems. Given that the most widespread interpretation of this association in the phytosociological literature is the one established by its original authors (i.e., a meso-eutrophic oak-ash forest), we consider that this name should be retained, but its type should be changed to a conserved neotypus according to Article 53 of the 4th edition of the ICPN.

(30) Polysticho setiferi-Fraxinetum excelsioris (Tüxen et Oberdorfer 1958) Rivas-Martínez ex Díaz et Fernández Prieto 1994

Typus: see below (typus cons. propos.)

Taxonomic reference: Castroviejo et al. (1986–2021).

Syntaxonomic reference: Rivas-Martínez (2011).

Abbreviations: ICPN = International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature.
Two new species of Alainites (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from the Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Yanai Zohar , Sroka Pavel , Gattolliat Jean-Luc
Published: August 2022

The mayfly genusAlainitesWaltz & McCafferty, 1994 encompassed 20 species and was represented across the West Palaearctic region by six species. Based on morphological (nymphal characters) and molecular (mitochondrial COI sequences) evidence, two new species are described:A. bengunnsp. nov.from Sardinia andA. gasithisp. nov.from Israel. Both species are confined to narrow distribution ranges, in line with most of their congeners from the region. The key nymphal traits are discussed and identified to distinguish species in the group.
Le bore-out ou l’épuisement professionnel par l’ennui : un corolaire à la souffrance au travail
Authors: Chtioui Aziz , Hechiche Salah Lamia , Ben Othmane Sandra
Published: August 2022

Le travail occupe de nos jours une place importante dans la vie des individus. Il constitue un moyen privilégié pour se réaliser et s’insérer dans la société. Cependant, au cours de ces dernières décennies, le travail a subi d’importantes mutations affectant l’environnement du travail. La digitalisation, l'automatisation du travail, la précarité de l'emploi et les périodes de restructuration ont ainsi bouleversé le rapport de l’individu avec son travail. Si certains employés semblent surchargés jusqu’à l’épuisement, d'autres, à l'opposé, semblent mourir d'ennui au travail. Se retrouver dans une situation d'ennui mortel au travail peut conduire les employés à l’épuisement professionnel ou bore-out. Or, le bore-out peut générer des conséquences néfastes et constituer une source de souffrance pour les employés concernés. En effet, la souffrance au travail survient lorsque l’employé se heurte à des expériences psychologiques insurmontables et déstabilisantes. De nombreux auteurs associent le concept de « bore-out » à celui de « souffrance au travail », sans pour autant énoncer explicitement la manière dont ils sont associés ; d'où l'intérêt de comprendre en profondeur la relation entre ces deux concepts. Pour ce faire, des entretiens en profondeur auprès de 22 employés appartenant à des fonctions différentes nous ont permis de constater que la situation de bore-out vécue par nos informants génère de nombreux sentiments (inutilité, honte, tristesse, frustration et stagnation mentale) à l’origine d’une grande souffrance au travail
1783, la fin du ciel ancien
Authors: Vasak Anouchka
Published: August 2022

1783 : c’est l’année des premières expériences aérostatiques, celles des frères Montgolfier et de Pilâtre de Rozier. Mais 1783 voit d’autres événements dans le ciel. Le plus connu est celui de l’éruption du volcan Laki en Islande avec ses conséquences météorologiques et leurs effets désastreux sur les récoltes, sans que le lien soit alors établi entre ces phénomènes. 1783 est aussi l’année où Lavoisier publie ses Réflexions sur le phlogistique qui mettent fin à la théorie des quatre éléments. La perspective simultanéiste, à partir d’un plan en coupe de l’année 1783, permet de considérer le ciel comme le lieu de nouvelles expériences, mais aussi comme le laboratoire d’une vision du monde inédite, sinon globale, du moins plus universelle. Il s’y joue, à quelques années du début de la Révolution, la fin des théories antiques, notamment aristotéliciennes, et l’entrée dans un monde chaotique, mais « connecté ».
Novel model for integrated demand-responsive transit service considering rail transit schedule
Authors: Tan Yingjia , Sun Bo , Guo Li , Jing Binbin
Published: August 2022

This research aims to develop an optimization model for optimizing demand-responsive transit (DRT) services. These services can not only direct passengers to reach their nearest bus stops but also transport them to connecting stops on major transit systems at selected bus stops. The proposed methodology is characterized by service time windows and selected metro schedules when passengers place a personalized travel order. In addition, synchronous transfers between shuttles and feeder buses were fully considered regarding transit problems. Aiming at optimizing the total travel time of passengers, a mixed-integer linear programming model was established, which includes vehicle ride time from pickup locations to drop-off locations and passenger wait time during transfer travels. Since this model is commonly known as an NP-hard problem, a new two-stage heuristic using the ant colony algorithm (ACO) was developed in this study to efficiently achieve the meta-optimal solution of the model within a reasonable time. Furthermore, a case study in Chongqing, China, shows that compared with conventional models, the developed model was more efficient formaking passenger, route and operation plans, and it could reduce the total travel time of passengers.
Oldroyd 6-constant Electro-magneto-hydrodynamic fluid flow through parallel micro-plates with heat transfer using Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model: A parametric investigation
Authors: Bhatti M. M. , Michaelides Efstathios E.
Published: August 2022

The focus of the article is the electro-magneto-hydrodynamics of an Oldroyd 6-constants fluid flow through parallel micro-plates with heat transfer. The medium between the micro-plates is porous and we use the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model for it. Numerical calculations, using the shooting method, were performed to solve the non-linear equations that emanate from the modeling. The results for the velocity mechanism, the Nusselt number and the temperature distribution are graphically shown. The analysis of the problem focuses on the effects of several fluid and heat transfer parameters, such as the Hartmann number, the Brinkmann number, the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer parameter, the Darcy parameter, the viscous dissipation, and the Joule heating coefficient.