bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF YOUTH STUDENT PROBLEMS
Authors: Shilina Svetlana ,   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University, Sapegina Ekaterina , Chivildeeva Olga , Shilin Andrey ,   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University,   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University,   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University
Published: July 2024

The article deals with topical issues of a sociological view of the problems of such a socio-demographic group as youth. The authors of the article analyze the parameters by which a person can be attributed to youth, consider the problems faced by youth in the face of such a part of it as students, demonstrate the values of this group, those crisis situations in which young people find themselves due to age and lack of sufficient life experience. The article deals with such problems as anxiety about the future, difficulties in finding a job, pressure from society and parents, psychological problems, an increase in the number of addictions and problems with adaptation to social and cultural norms. The authors conclude that it is necessary for sociologists to address the study of these situations, the urgency of researching youth problems using sociological methods and the need to form recommendations for solving problems based on research results.
Business a Cause, Victims, and Solution to the Climate Crisis
Authors: Jóhannsdóttir Lára ,   University of Iceland, Environment and Natural Resources, Faculty of Business Administration, Iceland
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE: The purpose of this article, and conference talk, is to discuss climate change in the context of businesses where the focus is on businesses as a cause, victims, and solution to the climate change crisis. DESIGN/METHOD: This is a conceptual paper focusing on explaining some of the key concepts relevant to the framing of businesses as a cause, victims, and solution to the climate crisis using the so-called business- -poverty framework in a new setting. RESULTS/FINDINGS: The findings suggest that the business-poverty framework is useful when framing the discussion around businesses as a cause, victims, and solutions to climate change, drawing the attention to supply of and demand for fossil fuels, negative actions of industry leaders, and superficial reporting in this regard. Furthermore, various risk factors were identified, namely physical, transitional, market, and policy risks, financial and talent-related risks, liability, litigation, and systemic risks. Opportunities to address the climate crisis proactively by businesses entail low-carbon investments, cost management and access to finance, innovation, behavioural, and organizational changes, reputational enhancement, talent attraction and retention, and supply chain resilience. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The originality is to employ a framework used to evaluate business operations con- cerning poverty in a new context, namely, to address various aspects of climate change business implica- tions relevant to the cause, implication for, and solution to the situation. KEYWORDS: climate change, business, cause, victim, solution, women. JEL: M1, M14, Q54
Configuración productiva y desarrollo territorial. Estudio comparativo entre norte y sur del Valle de Aburrá
Authors: Muñoz Arroyave Elkin Argiro , López Martínez Alexandra , Marín Zapata Luis David , Zapata Ortiz Alejandro
Published: July 2024

El desarrollo de los territorios depende de una amplia gama de dimensiones que van más allá de lo económico. No obstante, cada territorio tiene sus particularidades y esto lleva a que también los niveles de desarrollo sean diferentes. Así, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los aspectos territoriales que explican la diferenciación de desarrollo entre el sur y el norte del Valle de Aburrá. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con uso de herramientas cuantitativas, como la estadística descriptiva, la cartografía y la revisión de literatura. Se concluye que los actuales niveles superiores de desarrollo del sur del Valle de Aburrá frente al norte se deben a una mejor organización productiva, una mayor articulación entre los actores locales y su realidad empresarial.
Subjective and objective school achievement: Role of demographic factors, attitude toward school, and coping with school failure
Authors: Buterin-Micic Marija , Alandzak Rafaela
Published: July 2024

A school is an environment in which students can receive a comprehensive
evaluation of their schoolwork. In addition to the teacher?s evaluation of
school achievement, which is usually expressed through school grades, its
subjective aspect, i.e., the student?s evaluation of achievement, is also
important. Some students begin to lose interest in learning and schooling in
general due to school failure, especially if they do not have a positive
attitude toward school. This study aimed to investigate the predictive
values of attitudes toward school, coping strategies with school failure,
and demographic variables, such as gender, grade, and type of school, to
explain objective and subjective school achievement. The research sample
consisted of 267 second, third, and fourth-grade high school students (61%
females). Data were collected using questionnaires. Hierarchical regression
analysis was performed to analyze the data. The results showed that grade,
attitude toward school, and all three coping strategies with school failure
(problem-focused, emotion-focused, and ego-focused) were predictors of
students? subjective school achievement, whereas gender, grade, attitude
toward school, problem-focused, and ego-focused coping strategies were
singled out as predictors of objective school achievement. Students?
objective and subjective school achievement and their related pedagogical
implications are discussed in the context of the obtained results.
Using the metacognitive strategy with context socioscientific issues to enhance students’ science process skills
Authors: Parlan Parlan , Minata Zelen
Published: July 2024

This research aimed to explore the effects of application of a metacognitive
strategy using socioscientific issues (SSI) in context on students? science
process skills. The metacognitive strategy consisted of four stages, namely:
preparing, doing, checking, and assessing & following up, abbreviated as
MS-PDCA. The method used was a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest
control group design. This research involved three classes of the
eleventh-grade mathematics and sciences program at a government secondary
school, in Malang, Indonesia. Two experimental classes were taught using
metacognitive strategy with context socioscientific issues (MS-PDCA SSI) &
metacognitive strategy (MS-PDCA), while one control class was taught with
expository strategy (ES). To evaluate students? progress, the Science
Process Skills Test (r=0.823) was used as the research instrument. Data
analysis techniques were carried out using the One Way ANOVA test and N-gain
& d-effectsize analysis. The results showed that 1) students taught with the
MS-PDCA SSI showed higher improvements in their science process skills
compared to those taught with MS-PDCA strategy and ES. 2) MS-PDCA SSI
learning strategy was found to be effective in improving students? science
process skills, particularly when applied to learning materials that are
related to daily life.
Self-regulation factors as predictors of academic motivation in adults
Authors: Djordjic Dejan , Vukcevic-Cvijetic Marija , Maric Mia , Simonji-Cernak Ruzenka , Beljanski Mila
Published: July 2024

This paper focuses on the relationship between the factors of self-regulation
and academic motivation in adults who are in the education system. A number
of 1711 respondents from four Eastern European countries participated in the
research: Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Serbia. Self-regulation and
academic motivation have long been recognized as factors in successful
learning; however there is relatively little research on these concepts in
adults. Two instruments were used in the research: Academic Motivation Scale
(AMS-28) and the Self- Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-27), which were
translated from English into four languages. The survey was conducted in
electronic format during the first three months of 2022. The results show
that the three factors of self-regulation: self-control, decision-making and
goal orientation are in positive correlation. Significant positive
relationships were established between the dimensions of academic
motivation, where the factor of a-motivation is negatively related to the
factors of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. All three researched factors
of self-regulation are related to different aspects of internal and external
motivation, as well as a-motivation. The research confirmed that the
instruments used can be significant tools for researching self-regulation
and academic motivation, as important determinants of readiness to learn in
adults.
Plasma Glycated Albumin in Early Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a prospective and longitudinal study
Authors: Cole Justine , Guivarch Claire , Wu Jing , Stallcup Paulina , Wei Pang Wei , Zhang Cuilin , B Sacks David
Published: July 2024

Objective

Investigate associations of plasma glycated albumin (GA) concentrations in early and mid-pregnancy with GDM risk.

Research Design and Methods

We measured GA concentrations using blood samples collected at 10-14 and 15-26 weeks’ gestation (GW) in 107 GDM cases and 214 controls from the NICHD Fetal Growth Study. We performed generalized linear mixed-effect regression to test the mean GA difference between GDM cases and controls, and conditional logistic regression to assess prospective associations between GA concentrations and GDM risk.

Results

At 15-26 GW, mean GA was lower in GDM cases than controls (mean (95% CI): 11.90 (6.42-32.76) vs. 12.46 (8.45-38.35), adjusted p-value for difference=0.004). Consistently, women with higher GA concentrations tended to have a lower GDM risk, although the associations were not statistically significant.

Conclusions

This study suggests that GA concentrations in mid-pregnancy might be lower in women who later develop GDM. Further studies are needed to identify the mechanism.
Temporal Alterations in CD8+ T Cells During the Progression from Stage 1 to Stage 3 Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Schroderus Anna-Mari , Pitkänen Viola , Ekman Ilse , Stevens Daniella , A. Rytkönen-Nissinen Marja , Rintamäki Reeta , Pihlajamäki Jussi , Knip Mikael , Veijola Riitta , Toppari Jorma , Ilonen Jorma , Lempainen Johanna , Kinnunen Tuure
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

CD8+ T cells are perceived to play a major role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, we characterized the function and phenotype of circulating CD8+ memory T cells in samples from individuals at different stages of T1D progression using flow cytometry and single-cell multiomics. We observed two distinct CD8+ T-cell signatures during progression of T1D within the highly differentiated CD27-CD8+ memory T cell subset. A proinflammatory signature, with an increased frequency of IFN-γ+TNF-α+ CD27-CD8+ memory T cells, was observed in children with newly diagnosed T1D (stage 3) and correlated with the level of dysglycemia at diagnosis. In contrast, a co-inhibitory signature, with an increased frequency of KLRG1+TIGIT+ CD27-CD8+ memory T cells, was observed in islet autoantibody-positive children who later progressed to T1D (stage 1). No alterations within CD27-CD8+ memory T cells were observed in adults with established T1D or in children during the initial seroconversion to islet autoantibody positivity. Single-cell multiomics analyses suggested that CD27-CD8+ T cells expressing the IFNG+TNF+ proinflammatory signature may be distinct from those expressing the KLRG1+TIGIT+ co-inhibitory signature at the single-cell level. Collectively, our findings suggest that distinct blood CD8+ T-cell signatures could be employed as potential biomarkers of T1D progression.

Keywords: type 1 diabetes, autoimmunity, T cells, human, CD8+ T cells, single-cell multiomics

ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS

· Blood CD8+ T-cell signatures have recently been associated with a slower progression of T1D after diagnosis and with clinical response to immunotherapy.

· We investigated blood CD8+ T-cell signatures in individuals at different stages of T1D progression.

· We observed two distinct CD8+ T-cell signatures at different stages of T1D: a proinflammatory signature in children with newly diagnosed T1D (stage 3) and a co-inhibitory signature in autoantibody-positive children who later progressed to T1D (stage 1).

· CD8+ T-cell signatures could potentially be utilized as biomarkers for evaluating the risk of T1D progression.
Age-specific differences in breast cancer treatment between screen-detected and non-screen-detected breast cancers in women aged 40–74 years at diagnosis in Sweden 2008–2017
Authors: Jonsson Håkan , Andersson Anne , Mao Zheng , Nyström Lennarth
Published: July 2024

Background and purpose: We have recently demonstrated that screen-detected invasive breast cancers had more favourable tumour characteristics than non-screen-detected. The objective of the study was to analyse differences in breast cancer treatment between screen-detected and non-screen-detected cases by age at diagnosis, with and without adjustment for tumour (T) and nodal (N) status, within a nationwide, population-based mammography screening programme utilising register data.
Material and methods: Data spanning 2008–2017 were collected from the National Quality Register for Breast Cancer. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for treatment disparities between screen-detected and non-screen-detected breast cancer.
Results: Among 46,481 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer aged 40–74 and invited for mammography screening, significant differences in treatment were observed. Screen-detected cases showed higher likelihoods of partial mastectomy compared to mastectomy, endocrine therapy, and radiotherapy, whereas chemotherapy and antibody therapy were less likely compared to non-screen-detected cases. However, when adjusting for surgery type, screen-detected cases showed lower likelihoods of radiotherapy. Age at diagnosis significantly influenced treatment odds ratios, with interactions observed for all treatments except radiotherapy adjusted for surgery. Differences increased with age, except for endocrine therapy. Radiotherapy adjusted for surgery type showed no age-related interaction. Adjusting for T and N did not alter these patterns.
Interpretation: In general, screen-detected cases received less aggressive treatment, such as mastectomy, chemotherapy, and antibody therapy, compared to non-screen-detected cases. Disparities increased with age, except for endocrine therapy and radiotherapy adjusted for surgery. Differences persisted after adjusting for T and N, suggesting that these factors cannot solely explain the results.
Breast volume in non-obese females is related to breast adipose cell hypertrophy, inflammation, and COX2 expression
Authors: Gogg Silvia , Nerstedt Annika , Smith Ulf , Hansson Emma
Published: July 2024

Background: Breast hypertrophy seems to be a risk factor for breast cancer and the amount and characteristics of breast adipose tissue may play important roles. The main aim of this study was to investigate associations between breast volume in normal weight women and hypertrophic adipose tissue and inflammation.
Methods: Fifteen non-obese women undergoing breast reduction surgery were examined. Breast volume was measured with plastic cups and surgery was indicated if the breast was 800 ml or larger according to Swedish guidelines. We isolated adipose cells from the breasts and ambient subcutaneous tissue to measure cell size, cell inflammation and other known markers of risk of developing breast cancer including COX2 gene activation and MAPK, a cell proliferation regulator.
Results: Breast adipose cell size was characterized by cell hypertrophy and closely related to breast volume. The breast adipose cells were also characterized by being pro-inflammatory with increased IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, CCL-2, TNF-a and an increased marker of cell senescence GLB1/β-galactosidase, commonly increased in hypertrophic adipose tissue. The prostaglandin synthetic marker COX2 was also increased in the hypertrophic cells and COX2 has previously been shown to be an important marker of risk of developing breast cancer. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of the proliferation marker MAPK was also increased in the hypertrophic adipose cells.
Conclusion: Taken together, these findings show that increased breast volume in non-obese women is associated with adipose cell hypertrophy and dysfunction and characterized by increased inflammation and other markers of increased risk for developing breast cancer.
Trial registration: Projektdatabasen FoU i VGR, project number: 249191 (https://www.researchweb.org/is/vgr/project/249191)
Indonesian Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni (Nees & T. Nees) Blume) as Promising Medicinal Resources: A Review
Authors: Handayani Aisyah , Lailaty Intani Quarta , Rosyidah A'liyatur , Sari Dewi Ratih Tirto , Yunarto Nanang , Suherman Dadang
Published: July 2024

Cinnamomum burmanni (Lauraceae) is one of the Cinnamomum species native to Indonesia. Given the worldwide use of cinnamon, the famous spice derived from its bark, cinnamon is also considered to possess medicinal properties. Consequently, a comprehensive review of C. burmanni was conducted to explore its medicinal benefits. This paper reviews several studies on the traditional use of C. burmanni in Indonesia, its phytochemistry, and its pharmacological properties. Traditionally, C. burmanni is utilized not only as spices but also for medicinal purposes, food ingredients, and ritual purposes. The bark is the most commonly used part, while few other parts of the plant are used. Several phytochemical compounds of C. burmanni have been identified. C. burmanni also has been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological activities. From those studies, it can be concluded that the medicinal use of C. burmanni’s bark has been scientifically validated due to its rich content of active compounds. Furthermore, other parts of C. burmanni should be analyzed to determine their content of active compounds.
Keywords: active compound, Cinnamomum burmanni, medicinal plant, spice, traditional medicine
Process Study of Removal of Recast Layer and Orifice Repairing Based on Electrochemical Light Finishing Machining
Authors: Song S. , Seryazdan A.
Published: July 2024

This research is aimed at Laser processing of micro holes there are recast layer and microcracks, analyzed the laser processing of recast layer formation mechanism and surface geometry features not, and for the laser processing of the formation of the recast layer in the process of analog simulation, for electrochemical finishing processing to remove the recast layer to provide a theoretical basis. The laser-electrolysis asynchronous composite processing experimental system was developed, and the electrolytic removal of recast layer on the wall of laser perforated holes and the process research of aperture trimming were carried out, which mainly analyzed the effects of electrolysis voltage, electrolyte and pulse electrolysis parameters on the rate of electrolysis and the effect of the removal of the recast layer. The cathode lifting method is also proposed to lift the tool cathode for orifice shaping after effective removal of the recast layer. The experimental results show that: when the current density is greater than 10.09 A/cm2, the electrolysis rate is proportional to the voltage; when the constant voltage electrolysis, the mixed solution of NaNO3 and NaCl enhances the effect of the recast layer removal significantly, and relative to the single solution with the same electrical conductivity, the value of the change in the surface roughness of the workpiece before and after the finishing process is enhanced more significantly, and there is no significant difference in the processing efficiency; the low-frequency wide pulse and high-frequency narrow pulse in the pulse electrolysis processing is favorable for the removal of recast layer. Pulse, high-frequency narrow pulse is conducive to the improvement of electrolysis rate, and the frequency of 1 kHz, the duty cycle of 40% to 60% of the electrolysis rate is the largest; at the same time, the use of cathodic enhancement method of aperture trimming processing, the use of the truncation effect, through the appropriate electrolytic processing parameters, to achieve the complete removal of the laser hole hole wall recast layer at the same time to complete the aperture trimming processing, to meet the demand for the use of performance of the small holes to further enhance the processing efficiency and small holes, and to improve the processing efficiency of the laser hole. Enhance the processing efficiency and functionality of small holes.
DAMPAK GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, KOMITMEN ORGANISASI, DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA KELURAHAN KELAPA DUA TANGERANG
Authors: Nada Shofa Lubis  , Dewi Nancy Shabatini  , Mustofa Kamil  , Suherman4
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini adalah guna mengetahui dampak dari gaya kepemimpinan, komitmen organiasasi, dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai. Jenis penelitian Asosisatif, lokasi penelitian pada Dinas Sosial Kelurahan Kelapa Dua Tangerang, teknik sampel adalah accidental sampling berdasarkan covenience dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 orang pegawai. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer melalui kuesioner yang berisi jawaban-jawaban responden. Kuesioner yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan analisis deskriftif dan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil analisis deskriptif menujukan bahwa kinerja pegawai tergolong sangat tinggi. Sementara gaya kepemimpinan tergolong tinggi, komitmen organisasi dan kepuasan kerja sama- sama tergolong tinggi. Hasil pengujian hipotesis penelitian menujukkan baik secara simultan maupun secara parsial bahwa gaya kepemimpinan, komitmen organisasi dan kepuasan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Sosial Kelurahan Kelapa Dua Tangerang. Organsiasi perlu meningkatkan efektivitas pemimpin melalui pelatihan kepemimpinan secara berkala yang melibatkan pimpinan di level menengah. Selain itu, perlu mempertimbangkan peningkatan komitmen untuk menjaga kinerja yang berkelanjutan dari pegawai
The Influence of Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance of Educational Staff
Authors: Nilasari B. Medina , Risqiani Renny , M. Nisfiannoor  , Leon Farah Margaretha , Kurniawati
Published: July 2024

To obtain an increase in the performance of educational staff in the form of work quality and service quality, this research was carried out. This research analyzes the influence of job satisfaction on the performance of educational staff. The research objects were 24 educational staff at MM FEB Usakti in Jakarta. Because the population is relatively small, a saturated/census sample is used with SmartPLS software for data analysis. The research results show that there is job satisfaction for educational staff, which comes from co-workers, supervision, pay, the job itself, and finally, promotion opportunities. The managerial implication of this research is that managers should update regulations regarding job promotions and set clear promotion time periods. Then carry out socialization of promotional policies, so that all educational staff can know clearly. Managers are also expected to act fairly in providing promotional opportunities to all education staff.
The Influence of Distribution Capacity, Market Penetration Capacity and Availability of Natural Resource on Competitive Advantage of Low-Carbon Hydrogen Business Development
Authors: Fidzikrillah Muhammad Robbi , Priambodo Ervin Agung
Published: July 2024

The world has a joint commitment to deal with global warming by limiting temperature increases to 1.5 °C–2 °C through emission reduction and setting a Net Zero Emission (NZE) target. Large-scale, low-carbon hydrogen production has the capacity to greatly aid in the battle against climate change by reducing the consequent carbon dioxide emissions. This research aim is to determine the influence of distribution capacity, market penetration capacity, and availability of natural resources on the competitive advantage of low-carbon hydrogen business development. The sample of this research covers 103 respondents using the purposive sampling method. Questionnaires are used to collect the data. SPSS is used as a tool for analysis. The findings of this research are distribution capacity, market penetration capacity, and availability of natural resources significantly influence the competitive advantage of low-carbon hydrogen business development. This finding will contribute to the previous research about the evaluation of supply chain optimization and modeling, as well as hydrogen production.
Material balance of metamorphic transformations of coal seams and their dangerous properties
Authors: Rudniev Ye. , Filatieva E. , Antoshchenko M. , Popovich V.
Published: July 2024

Purpose: To establish empirical relationships during coalification of coal seams between the main components of the organic (combustible) mass, moisture content and mineral impurities using experimental data on the consumer qualities of solid fuels obtained by generally accepted standard methods. Reliably established relationships between these main components make it possible to scientifically substantiate and reveal the nature of the occurrence of dangerous properties of coal seams during mining operations due to the factor of metamorphic transformations and the generation of gaseous and liquid products.
The research methodology was developed based on the results of a preliminary analysis of the change in the ratio between the main components of organic (combustible) mass, the content of moisture and mineral impurities during coal formation, starting from the processes of peat formation and subsequent coalification. Experimental data on the consumer qualities of solid fuels determined by generally accepted standard methods were used.
Results: At all stages of metamorphic transformations of coal seams, with an increase in carbon content, a unilateral reduction in the elemental oxygen content in the organic (combustible) mass has been established. This indicates the formation of gaseous products at all stages of metamorphism with the participation of carbon and oxygen of the organic (combustible) mass. The reduction in the elemental content of hydrogen, nitrogen and organic sulfur in the later stages of metamorphism indicates the participation of these components in the generation of gaseous products.
The reliability of the empirical dependence of carbon content on the average reflectivity of vitrinite was tested.
The generation of moisture at the stage of metamorphic transformations of coals was not fully confirmed by the direction of trends in the average content of moisture, oxygen and hydrogen at successive stages of the processes of peat formation, diagenesis and metamorphism up to the transition from hard coals to anthracites.
A significant excess (up to two times) of the yield of volatile substances was established compared to the content of the sum of the main components of the organic (combustible) mass at fixed values of carbon content.
Scientific novelty: Based on changes in the ratio of the elemental content of the main components of the organic (combustible) mass (solid residue), their participation in the formation of gaseous products at all metamorphic stages of transformation of coal seams has been established. The obtained results of the formation of the material balance make it possible to introduce appropriate clarifications into the scheme of coal formation processes in terms of the generation of specific gaseous products at each stage.
Practical value: The practical significance lies in the need and possibility of improving the regulatory framework for the safety of mining operations when forecast the hazardous properties of coal seams.
Near-surface air temperature in the Ukrainian Carpathians up to the middle of the XXI century by the EURO-CORDEX models
Authors: Palamarchuk L.V. , Skrynyk O.Y. , Putrenko V.V. , Skrynyk O.A. , Oshurok D.O. , Sidenko V.P. , Kyreieva Z.M.
Published: July 2024

The results of the assessment of future changes in the thermal regime of surface air in the Ukrainian Carpathians for the period up to 2050 are presented in this article. The assessment was performed on the basis of a set of climate indices (mean annual air temperature, number of frost days - FD, number of summer days - SU and number of tropical days - TR) calculated with high spatial resolution (0.05° × 0.05°) based on daily meteorological observations (1960-2020) and the results of 11 regional climate models of the EURO-CORDEX project (2021-2050). To obtain reliable, unbiased projections of air temperature, the model data were bias-corrected using linear scaling and variance scaling. Climate change was assessed based on the calculation of index increments for the period 2021-2050 relative to the period of the current climate 1991-2020. General trends towards an increase in surface air temperature in the region by the middle of the twenty-first century have been detected. Quantitative indicators of such changes: background increases are in the range of 0.35-0.41 °C (or, conditionally, 0.12-0.14 °С·decade-1) for the RCP4.5 scenario, and 0.53-0.56 °C (0.18-0.19 °С·decade-1) for the RCP8.5 scenario. The maximum increases in average annual temperature compared to the period of the current climate in 1991-2020 are 0.56/0.71 °C, respectively, and are confined to the highlands in the southeastern part of the region, i.e., higher warming rates are expected for the highlands. Changes in the threshold climate indices by the middle of the XXI century will have certain spatial differences: higher summer temperatures (SU, TR) are more likely for the northeastern macroslope and the southeastern part of the study area, and in the cold season (FD) of the year, under both scenarios, air temperatures will increase mainly in the northwestern and southwestern parts of the study region.
Geological conditions for the development of geothermal energy in Azerbaijan
Authors: Islamzade A.V. , Mukhtarov A.Sh.
Published: July 2024

The article considered the thermal waters existing in Azerbaijan, the prospects for their use, business opportunities and other issues. Forecast operational reserves of thermal waters in the Republic, renewable energy potential of Azerbaijan, including the share of renewable energy in Azerbaijan in 2020 are reflected here. Thus, there are a large number of closed and unused exploration wells that can be restored and used to generate geothermal energy with less investment. Now the main goal is to determine the optimal location for drilling wells with a higher geothermal potential and the problems of using this energy. Thermal waters with different chemical composition and mineralization in Azerbaijan are predominantly common in the fold regions of the Caucasus and Talysh Mountains and have significant reserves. As a result of research conducted on more than 1,000 thermal water sources in Azerbaijan, it was determined that the total reserve of thermal water is more than 245´103 m3/day. The main discharge paths of these waters are tectonic faults of different directions and amplitudes. The gas content of the thermal water sources of the Greater Caucasus and Talysh mountains are methane, nitrogen, hydrogen-sulfur mixture, and the content of the Lesser Caucasus’ are mainly carbon dioxide. Methane waters are usually high-pressure and high-flow, and high-temperature (64—95 °C). The number of sources containing methane is up to 200. Such sources include Masalli (Arkivan), Devechi (Ledzh), Salyan (Babazanan) and others. Sources of nitrogen are found in the southern part of the Greater Caucasus and in Talysh. These include both cold (14—180 °С) and hot (41—550 °С) springs. The highest nitrogen content among them is Alasha — 100 % (Astara), Meshesu 100 % (Lankaran), Ledzh — 37 %, Khaltan — 88 % (Devechi).
Besides (in addition), in the article the recent use of low-potential geothermal energy, the issues of application of new technologies in the development and management of geothermal resources also reviewed.
Intercultural Advocacy and Antifascist Activism: Paul Zech’ Exile in Argentina, 1933-1946
Authors: Kelz Robert
Published: July 2024

This article examines the German author Paul Zech’s role as an antifascist cultural intermediary during his exile in Argentina from 1934 to his death in 1946. Drawing from archival and period sources, the essay investigates Zech’s work with the Chilean-based exilic magazine, Deutsche Blätter, and briefly notes his engagement with Latin American media, such as Sur, La Nación, Los Anales de Buenos Aires, and Davar. His involvement with these publications led to collaborative projects with renowned South American authors, including Victoria Ocampo, Jorge Luis Borges, Gabriela Mistral, Juana Ibarbourou, Jorge Icaza, and Eduardo Mallea. Through Zech, I also reassess the role of Spanish-speaking authors and local media in the Deutsche Blätter, which is considerably more extensive and meaningful than previously realized. The Deutsche Blätter evolved into a transcultural magazine, one in which multiple internationally acclaimed Latin American authors were published in German for the first time. The article concludes that Zech was on an upward trajectory in the last years before his death, having gained a cross-cultural skillset that empowered him to achieve a degree of success amid the multifold challenges of exile.
Der Königsweg über der Klippe
Authors: Scheurer Steffen , Steeger Oliver
Published: July 2024

Schwindelfrei sollte man sein – dann ist die Aussicht herrlich, die sich von dem filigranen, wie schwebenden Stahlsteg bietet, 122 Meter über der Ostsee. Der Wind pfeift einem auf dem Skywalk um die Ohren, die Sonne liegt warm auf der Haut, die Hände umfassen den kühlen Holzhandlauf des Geländers. Tief einatmen: Das Blau des weiten Himmels und des Meers. Die in der Tiefe wogenden Laubkronen der Buchenhangwälder. Und dann das Weiß der Kreidefelsen rund um den Königsstuhl von Rügen: wie frisch gewaschen, leuchtend, majestätisch.
Über Regeln, Beschränkungen und Medien
Authors: Köhler Jens
Published: July 2024

Die Kolumne „Ehrlich und Priesberg“ möchte mit unterhaltsamen Dialogen rund um das Thema „Mensch – Kommunikation, Verhalten, Entscheidungen“ Denkanstöße für den PM-Alltag geben
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PLASTIK JENIS POLYPROPYLENE SEBAGAI BAHAN UTAMA PAVING BLOCK PLASTIS DENGAN CAMPURAN ARANG SEKAM PADI MENGACU PADA SNI 03-0691-1996
Authors: Amran Yusuf , Permana Arif Wahyu , Kurniawan Septyanto
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan limbah plastik jenis polypropylene dan arang sekam padi sebagai bahan penyusun paving block yang dapat memenuhi standar SNI-03-0691-1996 tentang bata beton (paving block). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental yang dimulai dari komposisi campuran, pembuatan dan pengujian paving block, dengan berbagai varisi campuran serta pencetakan dilakukan secara manual tanpa menggunakan mesin. Paving block dengan bahan penyusun polypropylene dan arang sekam padi dengan variasi campuran 100% plastik mendapatkan nilai kuat tekan tertinggi sebesar 149,624 kg/cm2 dan nilai daya serap air sebesar 0,348%. Sementara syarat lulus pengujian menurut SNI-03-0691-1996 yaitu sebesar 86,68 kg/cm2 dengan penyerapan air maksimum sebesar 10%
MODIFIKASI CAMPURAN BATA MENGGUNAKAN TANAH LEMPUNG DAN ABU BATU APUNG
Authors: Oktavia Chica , Prabowo Indra , Amran Yusuf
Published: July 2024

Meningkatnya minat konsumen terhadap penggunaan bata, karena bata merupakan konstruksi yang ramah lingkungan. Bata sangat baik membantu konservasi air tanah, pelaksanaannya yang lebih cepat, mudah dalam pemasangan, pemeliharaan, dan memiliki aneka ragam bentuk yang menambah nilai estetika dari bangunan. Berdasarkan penjelasan diatas maka penelitian ini memodifikasi campuran bata dengan tanah lempung dan abu batu apung untuk meningkatkan kualitas bata yang digunakan sebagai pasangan dinding. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan SNI 15-2094-2000. Variasi campuran tanah lempung dan abu batu apung untuk sampel 1, 2, 3 masing-masing 100% tanah lempung, 90% tanah lempung + 10% abu batu apung, 80% tanah lempung + 20% abu batu apung. Karateristik yang dilakukan terhadap benda uji yaitu karakteristik fisis (daya serap air) dan karateristik mekanis (kuat tekan) dengan suhu dan waktu pemanasan yang bervariasi (100˚ C waktu pemanasan 120 menit, 125˚ C waktu pemanasan 100 menit dan 150˚ C waktu 60 pemanasan menit). Secara mekanis bata dengan campuran tanah lempung dan abu batu apung belum memenuhi standar bata konvensional dikarenakan nilai hasil daya serap air yang tinggi mencapai 22,930% pada campuran 80% tanah lempung + 20% abu batu apung. Untuk kuat tekan masih terbilang rendah yaitu 26,959% kg/cm2 pada campuran 90% tanah lempung + 10% abu batu apung dengan suhu pemanasan 100°C dalam waktu pemanasan 120 menit.
Legislación ambiental en energías renovables y transición energética en Argentina hasta 2022: leyes nacionales y provinciales
Authors: Hessling Herrera Franco David , Ottavianelli Emilce Ethel , Cadena Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2024

El principal objetivo del trabajo fue recuperar de modo comparativo leyes argentinas, tanto nacionales como provinciales, en materia de energías renovables y transición energética -lo que incluye eficiencia energética, seguridad energética, movilidad y arquitectura sostenible, y generación distribuida-. Se abarcaron los marcos legislativos de la totalidad de las provincias y de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, además de las leyes sancionadas por el Congreso de la Nación. Conviene advertir que se trató de una revisión meramente legal, es decir, no incluyó programas, decretos, resoluciones, planes de gobierno, declaraciones, acuerdos, tratados ni otros instrumentos que también conforman la estructura jurídico-política argentina referida a energías renovables y transición energética. Como conclusión de ese análisis comparativo resalta que salvo una ley provincial de Córdoba, en ninguna otra legislación aparece la noción de “transición energética”. Además, la mayor parte de las leyes sobre energías renovables están ancladas en una concepción estrecha de la transición: el mero relevo de fuentes fósiles por fuentes renovables.
QATH’Y DAN ZHANNY DALAM HUKUM KEWARISAN ISLAM
Authors: Subeitan Syahrul Mubarak , Muthahhar Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Qath’y and zhanny are a theory in language about a show the text to know the clarity and disguise of the text to a meaning. Qath’y and zhanny in Ushul Fikih used to explain the text of the source of Islamic law in al-Qur’an and Hadis in two things, al-Tsubut (existence) or al-Wurud (sourced from the truth) and ad-Dalalah (interpretation). This article will explain the differences of ulama in two concepts (qath’y and zhanny) is about inheritance law texts. After that, the concept will analyze by Maqasid al-Syari’ah approach. The result from the analysis that the texts of Islamic Inheritance Law is categorize as zhanny ad-Dalalah. The texts that deal with social society (muamalah) has influenced by social-economic in community. So that, creating the consequences of a religious text is about inheritance law to open the modern interpretation.
Sustainable management of energy supplies for Thailand’s power generation
Authors: Phonin Sirilak , Pongvuthithum Radom , Chaichana Chatchawan , Likasiri Chulin
Published: July 2024

We analyze Thailand’s projected 2023–2030 energy needs for power generation using a constructed linear programming model and scenario analysis in an attempt to find a formulation for sustainable electricity management. The objective function is modeled to minimize management costs; model constraints include the electricity production capacity of each energy source, imports of electricity and energy sources, storage choices, and customer demand. Future electricity demands are projected based on the trend most closely related to historical data. CO2 emissions from electricity generation are also investigated. Results show that to keep up with future electricity demands and ensure the country’s energy security, energy from all sources, excluding the use of storage systems, will be necessary under all scenario constraints.
O benefício de prestação continuada previsto na Lei Orgânica da Assistência Social e a duração razoável do processo
Authors: Souza Ana Cláudia de , Slomp Neto Frederico
Published: July 2024

O objetivo geral do estudo foi apresentar os aspectos legais do Benefício de Prestação Continuada previsto na Lei Orgânica da Assistência Social e sob a perspectiva e a duração razoável do processo. Compreende-se que o Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC) é caracterizado por se tratar de um benefício assistencial prestado pelo Instituto Nacional de Seguridade Social (INSS), tendo sua previsão através da Lei Orgânica da Assistência Social (LOAS), Lei nº 8.742, de 07 de dezembro de 1993, que visa garantir um salário mínimo mensal para o idoso com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos ou pessoa com deficiência de qualquer idade. Metodologicamente, o estudo foi constituído pela pesquisa bibliográfica, que proporcionou uma análise das principais teorias da temática estudada, juntamente com a metodologia de abordagem compreendida pelo método dedutivo. Conclui-se que o Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC), que após estudar os meandros jurídicos desse benefício, para maior transparência e celeridade de sua concessão, o mesmo é gerido com extrema responsabilidade quanto a implementação, coordenação, regulação, financiamento, monitoramento, bem como, de uma avaliação periódica para com aqueles que já são beneficiários juntamente para novos pedidos do benefício.
Study of Contact Algorithms Influencing Specimen Response in Numerical Simulation of Dynamic Compression Test
Authors: Baranowski Paweł , Damaziak Krzysztof
Published: July 2024

This paper demonstrates the importance of a proper contact algorithm selection when a constitutive model is correlated and validated, especially in the case of brittle materials. A parametric study is carried out to study the influence of contact parameters on the outcomes of the numerical simulations of a dynamic compression test. The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) model is developed, and sandstone rock is considered as a representative material having considerably different properties compared to SHPB bars. The finite element method (FEM) and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) were used to simulate specimen behaviour using a LS-Dyna solver. Two contact types based on the penalty method are analysed: nodes to surface (FEM and SPH) and surface to surface (FEM only). Furthermore, three approaches of contact stiffness calculation are used for each contact type. The waveform data and failure patterns are then compared among all simulated cases and the corresponding experimental outcomes. It is found that the soft constraint stiffness (SOFT = 1) provides the best outcomes, especially in the case of one-way contact, and is nearly insensitive to stiffness scaling parameters. By contrast, standard (SOFT = 0) and segment-based (SOFT =2) approaches require a substantial effort in adjusting the stiffness scaling parameters to obtain satisfactory results. This paper provides valuable guidance for correlating and validating parameters of constitutive models for rock and other brittle materials in the SHPB test.
Prediction of the Discharge Coefficient of a Labyrinth Weir Type D by an Artificial Neural Network Method
Authors: Belaabed Faris , Arabet Leila
Published: July 2024

This study presents the use, and its advantages, of artificial intelligence methods to predict the discharge coefficient (Cw
), considering the approach conditions of the labyrinth weir type D. The study suggests modifying the training and validation rates in AI tools, which are often fixed without proper justification in previous studies. Unlike most studies that use geometric dimensions as inputs, this work focuses on the approach conditions (the emplacement of the labyrinth weir and filling the alveoli upstream and downstream) of the labyrinth weir type D. The results, based on laboratory experiments, show that these modified inputs significantly impact the e ciency and cost of constructing the weir. Moreover, the C
w predictions based on these inputs are highly satisfactory compared to laboratory test results. In terms of training and validation ratios, the study confirms that the optimal ratio is 70/30 for accurate and highly satisfactory predictions.
Rethinking Sociality in Language Evolution: Enlanguagement as a Catalyst for Shifts in Developmental Pathways
Authors: Raimondi Vincenzo
Published: July 2024

A significant body of research on the roots of human language highlights the crucial role played by changes in ancestral sociality. Recent studies have revived the hypothesis of human self-domestication, arguing that it provides new insights into the development of human sociality, cultural evolution, and symbolic communication. While the concept of domestication offers an intriguing interpretation of the co-evolution of body, cognition, and behavior, its application to human evolution is controversial. This paper explores an alternative perspective, suggesting that the enlanguagement of interactions may have acted as a catalyst for evolutionary change. We propose that the consolidation of enlanguaged practices, underpinned by the amplification of social dispositions, set in motion an evolutionary spiral. We explore how this process may have reshaped ancestral developmental trajectories and niches, ultimately culminating in the distinctive mode of life that characterizes our species.
Mapping perceptions of topophilia and topophobia using a mobile app: A tale of two cities
Authors: Brisudová Lucia , Chataway Michael , Moir Emily
Published: July 2024

This study evaluates positive (topophilic) and negative (topophobic) perceptions of places using participatory mapping methods. Current research on mapping perceptions of urban environments relies heavily on retrospective self-reports from citizens. These methods are often susceptible to recall bias and do not capture granular information about urban environments. Places are dynamic, and peoples’ perceptions of them vary by time and space. To address these gaps in methods, we collected data from individuals living in two cities, Olomouc, Czech Republic and Brisbane, Australia. GIS was used to analyse a combined total of 634 momentary assessments from Olomouc, and 318 assessments from Brisbane. Our findings suggest that this approach can yield accurate and reliable data about perceptions of topophobia and topophilia in the two cities as well as enable researchers to clearly define hotspots and hot times related to individual activity spaces.