bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Surgical Exploration of the Anterolateral Structures of the Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Injured Knee
Authors: Monaco Edoardo , Helito Camilo Partezani , Redler Andrea , Argento Giuseppe , De Carli Angelo , Saithna Adnan , Helito Paulo Victor Partezani , Ferretti Andrea
Published: April 2019

Background:

Combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and anterolateral ligament (ALL) reconstruction is associated with improved clinical outcomes as compared with isolated intra-articular reconstruction, but the indications are not precisely defined. It may be the case that patients with proven anterolateral injury on preoperative imaging are most likely to benefit, but the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not known.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

To evaluate the correlation between MRI and surgical exploration in acute ACL-injured knees. The hypothesis was that a positive correlation would be identified between imaging and surgical findings for ALL/capsule and iliotibial band (ITB) injuries and that MRI would be highly sensitive, specific, and accurate.

Study Design:

Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Between January and May 2016, patients presenting with acute ACL injuries were considered for study eligibility. Included patients underwent 1.5-T MRI, which was evaluated by 3 investigators who attributed a Ferretti grade of injury to the anterolateral structures. At the time of ACL reconstruction, a lateral exploration was undertaken, and macroscopic injuries were identified. An evaluation of correlation between MRI and surgical exploration findings was performed.

Results:

Twenty-six patients participated in the study, and 96% had an ALL/capsule injury. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI and the correlation ( K) with surgical exploration findings were as follows, respectively: any ALL/capsule abnormality—88%, 100%, 88.5%, and 0.47; differentiating partial or complete ALL/capsule tears—78.6%, 41.7%, 61.5%, and 0.23; ITB injuries—62.5%, 40%, 50%, and 0.27. The percentage agreement between MRI and surgical findings was 88% for ALL/capsule injury, 65% for ITB injury, and 53% for Ferretti grading.

Conclusion:

Surgical exploration demonstrates that injuries occur to the anterolateral structures in almost all acute ACL-injured knees. MRI is highly sensitive, specific, and accurate for detection of abnormalities of the ALL/capsule and shows a high percentage of agreement with surgical findings. MRI has low sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the diagnosis of ITB injury. The Ferretti grade could not be reliably established from MRI, and there was only fair agreement between MRI and surgical findings with respect to ITB abnormalities and determination of whether ALL/capsular tears were partial or complete.
Influence of Cigarette Smoking at the Time of Surgery on Postoperative Outcomes in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Matched-Pair Cohort Analysis
Authors: Cancienne Jourdan , Kunze Kyle N. , Beck Edward C. , Chahla Jorge , Suppauksorn Sunikom , Nho Shane J.
Published: April 2019

Background:

There is literature on the association between smoking in patients undergoing orthopaedic procedures and poor short-term outcomes. However, there are few data on smoking as an independent predictor of midterm outcomes in patients undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).

Purpose:

To evaluate 2-year postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery for FAI in current smokers compared with an age- and body mass index (BMI)–matched group with no smoking history.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Consecutive patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopic surgery for FAI between June 2012 and January 2016 were screened for smoking habits. Exclusion criteria included revision or bilateral surgery, dysplasia, and less than 2-year follow-up. Forty current smokers at the time of surgery were matched 1:2 by age and BMI to patients with no smoking history. Outcome measures included the Hip Outcome Score (HOS)–Activities of Daily Living (ADL), HOS–Sports-Specific Subscale (SSS), modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and satisfaction. Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state rates were calculated for all patients.

Results:

All patients demonstrated significant improvements in all outcome measures ( P < .001). Current smokers experienced inferior postoperative HOS-ADL (80.4 vs 89.1, respectively; P = .013) and HOS-SSS (65.8 vs 75.6, respectively; P = .046) scores and greater VAS pain scores (3.2 vs 1.8, respectively; P = .011) than nonsmokers. Current smoking was correlated with inferior HOS-ADL ( r = –0.27, P = .003) and HOS-SSS ( r = –0.18, P = .046) scores and greater VAS pain scores ( r = 0.26, P = .005). Controlling for age, sex, and BMI, smoking was a significant independent predictor of postoperative HOS-ADL (β = –8.7 [95% CI, –14.3 to –3.0]; P = .003), HOS-SSS (β = –9.8 [95% CI, –19.5 to –0.2]; P = .046), and VAS pain (β = 14.6 [95% CI, 4.4 to 23.7]; P = .005) scores. Current smokers had lower odds of achieving the MCID for the HOS-ADL (odds ratio, 0.31 [95% CI, 0.12-0.83]; P = .019) and mHHS (odds ratio, 0.31 [95% CI, 0.10-0.88]; P = .028).

Conclusion:

Current smokers had inferior postoperative HOS-ADL and HOS-SSS scores, increased pain, and lower odds of achieving the MCID for the HOS-ADL and mHHS at 2 years postoperatively than patients without any smoking history.
The Geography of Occupational Concentration Among Low-Skilled Immigrants
Authors: Liu Cathy Yang , van Holm Eric Joseph
Published: April 2019

Employment concentration among low-skilled immigrants is a well-documented phenomenon in the U.S. labor market though its temporal and spatial patterns are less well examined. With Census microdata, the authors trace detailed occupational niches from 1990 to 2010 for all immigrants, as well as Asian and Latino immigrants separately, to understand how these niches have evolved over the past two decades. Using the Herfindahl−Hirschman Index measure, the authors further capture the geographic variation in relative occupational concentration across metropolitan statistical areas and test what metropolitan-level contexts and policies help explain such differences. The authors find that metropolitan areas with larger total and immigrant populations, greater human capital, higher residential mobility, and more diverse economies have expanded low-skilled immigrants’ occupational choices. Conversely, policies such as higher minimum wages and greater union membership may, in fact, increase occupational concentration, at least for some groups.
Gender, Cultural Schemas, and Learning to Cook
Authors: Oleschuk Merin
Published: April 2019

While public health researchers stress the importance of home-cooked meals, feminist scholars investigate inequalities in family cooking, including why women still cook much more than men. Key to understanding these inequalities is attention to how people learn to cook, a relatively understudied topic by social scientists. To address this gap, this study employs the concept of cultural schemas. Drawing from qualitative interviews and observations of 34 primary cooks in families, I identify the ubiquity of a “cooking by our mother’s side” schema. This schema privileges culinary knowledge acquired during childhood through the social reproductive work of mothers. I argue, first, that this schema reproduces gendered inequalities over generations by reinforcing women as primary transmitters of cooking knowledge. Second, it presents an overly uniform picture of food learning that obscures diversity, especially by overemphasizing the importance of childhood and masking the learning that occurs later in life. Identifying and analyzing this schema offers opportunities to reconsider predominant approaches to food learning to challenge gendered inequalities in domestic foodwork.
The Predictive Role of Happiness, Social Support, and Future Time Orientation in Career Adaptability
Authors: Öztemel Kemal , Yıldız-Akyol Elvan
Published: April 2019

In the 21st century, young adult people who are prepared for the world of work are expected to be individuals who have the responsibility to manage their careers and have career adaptability skills. In this regard, it seems useful to understand the factors that may affect career adaptability. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the happiness, social support, and future time orientation can predict career adaptability of young adults. The participants consisted of 525 students (389 female and 136 male) who were enrolled at different faculties of a university in Ankara, Turkey. The instruments that were used in the study were the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire–Short Form, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Attitudes Toward the Future Scale, and a Personal Information Form prepared by the researchers. The results showed that happiness, perceived social support, positive attitude toward the future, and planned attitude toward the future were significantly positively related to career adaptability. These results indicated that individuals with a high level of happiness and positive and planned attitudes toward the future, and those who receive positive social support from their social contacts such as parents, friends, and significant others, are more career adaptive. The results were discussed in the context of the relevant literature.
Study on the cavity closure behavior of steel ingots during open die forging
Authors: Kwon Yongchul , Kim Sangsik , Kang Jonghun
Published: April 2019

The manufacturing of sound forgings from large steel ingots requires that internal cavity defects generated during the steel ingot solidification process be compressed by open die forging. The forging ratio that is generally recommended to remove internal defects in large forged products is 3S (threefold); however, the practice lacks a theoretical basis. In this study, a forging experiment and a finite element analysis were performed to investigate the correlation between the forging ratio for large steel ingots (3S) and the cavity closure behavior. First, a hot compression experiment was performed by varying the temperature and strain rate, and the flow stress data observed in the experiment was applied to the finite element analysis. In the experiment for the cogging process, the forging ratio was applied to an actual non-compressive defect material. The finite element analysis was performed using the same forging path as the forging experiment. In the cogging experiment, cavity closure was found by ultrasonic inspection at the forging ratio of 2.9S. The finite element analysis showed that the size of the cavity was significantly decreased at the forging ratio of 2.9S. A finite element analysis was also performed to investigate effective strain and hydrostatic stress at the forging ratio of 2.9S. Finally, this article provides the theoretical basis for the limitation of the internal defect size in initial materials, the threshold effective strain, and the limiting forging ratio of forged products to ensure the internal soundness of large forged products.
A modelling and simulation framework for the integrated design of aircraft systems
Authors: Cimmino N , Ponnusamy SS , Garriga A Garcia , Mainini L
Published: April 2019

New technologies and complex systems are being developed in commercial aviation to meet strict requirements regarding fuel consumption, emissions and noise constraints. This motivates the development of multidisciplinary environments to efficiently manage the increasing complexity of the design process. Under the Clean Sky 2 initiative, the ModellIng and Simulation tools for Systems IntegratiON on Aircraft (MISSION) project aims to develop an integrated framework to holistically support the aircraft design, development and validation processes. Within the MISSION framework, this paper proposes a methodology to handle the integration between the aircraft level and the system level in the early phase of aircraft design. The methodology is demonstrated for the case of the Landing Gear System in the rejected take-off scenario.
At the heart and in the margins: Discursive construction of British national identity in relation to the EU in British parliamentary debates from 1973 to 2015
Authors: Riihimäki Jenni
Published: April 2019

The study focuses on the discursive construction of the UK’s identity in the European Union (EU) in the debates of the British House of Commons. The data come from the Hansard, and the time period analysed is from the start of the UK’s membership in the European Community (EC) in 1973 up to the general election of 2015, in which Brexit, that is, the national referendum on leaving the EU, was one of the main themes. Methods of corpus-assisted discourse studies (CADS) were adopted in the analysis of the debates. The findings suggest that even though the identity of a ‘leader’ in the EU has been frequently constructed in parliamentary discourse, a competing representation of the United Kingdom as an outsider and as a nation insecure of its role in the EU has been strongly present throughout the membership.
Chinese Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment and Research Group (CSTAR) Registry XI: gender impact on long-term outcomes
Authors: Zhang S , Ye Z , Li C , Li Z , Li X , Wu L , Liu S , Zuo X , Zhu P , Wang Z , Wang Y , Wang Z , Zhao J , Wang Q , Tian X , Li M , Zeng X
Published: April 2019

Objective

The objective of this paper is to assess the role of gender on survival rate and causes of death and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in China from 2009 to 2015.

Methods

We conducted a multicenter cohort study to analyze the differences in outcome data between male and female SLE patients. A group of 1494 SLE patients who fulfilled the 1997 American College of Rheumatology SLE classification criteria were enrolled in the Chinese Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment and Research Group (CSTAR) registry from April 2009 to February 2010. All enrolled patients were followed up at least once per year from 2009 to 2015. For patients who could not attend the outpatient clinic, follow-up was conducted by telephone interview. We collected demographic data, clinical manifestations and damage scores (System Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI)). Survival rates were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results

This study included 1352 women and 142 men. The five-year survival rates were 92.0% for men and 97.6% for women. The survival rates of males were significant lower than for females ( p = 0.019). Male patients received methylprednisolone pulse therapy and cyclophosphamide significantly more than female patients ( p = 0.010). During follow-up, 12 male patients and 66 female patients died. The most common cause of death was infection (41.7%) for men and active SLE disease (27.3%) for women. At the end of the study, the major accumulated organ damages included renal (8.5%) and musculoskeletal (7.7%), and nervous system (5.6%) for men and renal (8.8%) and musculoskeletal (6.7%) for women. There were no significant differences in SDI scores between the two groups at baseline and at the end of the study.

Conclusions

Male SLE patients had lower survival rates than female patients. Male patients received more methylprednisolone pulse and cyclophosphamide therapy. The most common causes of death were infection for male patients and active SLE disease for female patients. The major accumulated organ damages were renal, musculoskeletal, and nervous system both for male and female SLE patients in China.
Temperature and moisture insensitive prediction of biomass calorific value from near infrared spectra using external parameter orthogonalization
Authors: Hans Guillaume , Allison Bruce
Published: April 2019

In the pulp and paper and biofuel industries, real-time online characterization of biomass gross calorific value is of critical importance to determine its quality and price and for process optimization. Near infrared spectroscopy is a relatively low-cost technology that could potentially be used for such an application. However, the near infrared spectra are also influenced by biomass temperature and moisture content. In this study, external parameter orthogonalization is employed to remove simultaneously the influence of temperature and moisture content on the spectra before predicting gross calorific value. External parameter orthogonalization is of particular interest when one desires to transfer information from one modeling experiment to another, such as when developing a calibration model for a new property from the same material, or when it would be more efficient to divide the experimental effort. External parameter orthogonalization (EPO) was found to be an effective method for desensitizing a partial least squares calibration model to the influence of temperature and moisture content, enabling robust and accurate prediction of biomass gross calorific value. Partial least square models developed with external parameter orthogonalization always provided equal or better performance than models developed without external parameter orthogonalization. The paper shows that experimental efforts and costs can be reduced by approximately one half while maintaining prediction accuracy and model robustness.
A Clampdown on Service Refusals by Bangkok Taxis
Authors: Nimmanunta Kridsda , Amornpetchkul Thunyarat (Bam)
Published: April 2019

One of Bangkok’s most perennial problems was the misbehaviour of taxi drivers. In only 4 months, from October 2015 to January 2016, the Department of Land Transport under the Ministry of Transport (MOT) of Thailand received almost 15,000 complaints regarding the quality of services provided by Bangkok’s taxi drivers. The number one complaint was passenger refusal. Anybody taking a taxi, particularly during rush hour, was likely to get frustrated with some taxi drivers, who got flagged down but refused to go to the requested destinations. Several attempts had been made by the MOT to resolve the issue of taxi drivers refusing passengers, including imposing fines and suspending taxi drivers, allowing fare raise to improve taxi drivers’ well-being, hoping to provide higher quality services and to abide by the laws and regulations. So far, the results had been unsatisfactory. This case aims to show the beauty and usefulness of real options in real-world applications by looking at one of Bangkok’s most perennial problems of taxi drivers refusing passengers. A real option is a powerful framework for business, finance and economic decisions. Not only that, but it is also a versatile tool for resolving social issues.
Co-ordination of Training Activities: Travails and Imperfections
Authors: Ganesh Anjali
Published: April 2019

The chairman and managing director (CMD) of Coastal Bank Ltd, Mangalore, had received a lot of complaints regarding the process of training needs identification, training evaluation as well as overall coordination of training programmes indirectly through the office of personnel administration division (PAD) headed by general manager (GM) of his bank. The CMD’s office had also received a bunch of complaints regarding interpersonal conflicts arising out of attitudinal disorientation and also due to employees’ inadaptability to upgrade the knowledge to the requirements of the day. Since the bank had invested thousands of dollars on training and development, expecting it to be the key instrument in transforming the skills of the employees for better work culture, the problem had to be analysed from the angle of the ineffectiveness of the training process in establishing the supportive work culture in different departments. Mr Sham Rao, CMD, called a governing council meeting where training review committee was a part, which was headed by the GM of PAD. The governing council meeting was also attended by executive director (ED) as well as GMs heading various divisions of the bank. In the meeting, they decided to consult Colaco & Co., leading consultants in India to analyse the existing training practice from the angle of training needs identification, evaluation as well as the coordination process in training and development to diagnose the problem. Colaco & Co. conducted the process of consultation and survey to detect the problems in the area of training. Consultants detected the problem areas by proposing the plumages of ideal training system as well as the training model that could be used by Coastal Bank Ltd, in particular, and any commercial bank, in general. The real problem was the total lack of coordination of the training activities which made the training a real liability. At the governing council meeting, the CMD along with the ED of the bank requested the GM of PAD to solve this problem by following the recommendations presented by Colaco & Co.
Understanding Youth Political Violence in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Ramesh , Jenkins Bert
Published: April 2019

Social, economic and political injustice promotes violence among youth. Political parties involved in Nepali democratic upheavals resort to violence; this is where youth are portrayed as major actors in performing violent acts. Youths have always taken part in these political struggles. Political parties have used facts that relate to people suffering from various miseries as a means of manoeuvring and mobilizing youth to participate in armed struggles and uprisings. One would expect these violent episodes to have decreased as the country is now transitioning from armed conflict towards a sustainable peace, but instead post-war Nepal has been continuously facing challenges that youth are posing through their violent behaviours. Addressing issues of unemployment, a corrupt political culture, nepotism and inappropriate political socialization are factors which require urgent responses with political commitment to stop youth participation in political violence. One way to realize this would be to encourage youth engagement in positive peace-building endeavours in Nepal.
Role of Technology Incubation in India’s Innovation System: A Case of the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Incubation Centre
Authors: Lala Kanchan , Sinha Kunal
Published: April 2019

The basic objective of innovation which includes the process of new products, processes or new organizational forms is deeply rooted in helping human beings live a comfortable life. Technology business incubation is one such arrangement where the start-ups explore their ideas into visionary dreams under a guided support by the incubator. The study with an objective to map the key components and the roles of various actors and agencies influencing the incubation process employs the case study method using the system of innovation approach to understand the process of incubation in India. The study besides providing an in-depth analysis of the incubation process in India found that the process is still in the developing stage and has escalated significantly over the years.
Black Girls Doing Time for White Boys’ Crime? Considering Columbine’s Security Legacy Through an Intersectional Lens
Authors: Addington Lynn A.
Published: April 2019

The 20th anniversary of the deadly shootings at Columbine High School provides an opportunity to take stock of policy changes it prompted. Two were the increased use of security personnel and exclusionary discipline. Although neither started in response to Columbine, both were greatly expanded in the wake of that event. Both also contributed to the current punitive school climate that has negatively affected students, particularly students of color. This article considers the experiences of Black girls. This focus is important given the general lack of attention given to Black girls despite their greater disparity in rates of discipline especially for minor, subjective infractions. This article seeks to provide a summary of the current literature to highlight trends in the use of security, the resulting disproportionate effect on Black girls, and the need to bring an intersectional perspective into current calls to reduce exclusionary discipline. The patterns summarized in this article highlight the need for criminologists, in particular, to include the experiences of Black girls in the post-Columbine security and policy discussions.
Destigmatized Group Intervention on Promoting Hope of Recovery: A Quasi-Experiment Study
Authors: Young Daniel K. W. , Ng Petrus Y. N. , Cheng Daphne
Published: April 2019

Objective:

This research project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a destigmatized group intervention in promoting hope of recovery for adults with mental illness.

Methods:

A quasi-experimental research method was adopted. In addition to treatment as usual (TAU), the treatment group ( n = 36) participated in a 10-session destigmatized group intervention, which was based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), while the control group ( n = 42) received TAU. Standardized assessment tools were used for outcome assessment at the pretreatment and posttreatment periods.

Results:

The 2 × 2 repeated measures analysis of covariance demonstrated that participants who participated in the destigmatized group intervention experienced significantly fewer self-stigma and more hope of recovery. Additionally, multiple linear regression showed that the reduction of self-stigma predicted the promotion of hope of recovery.

Conclusions:

This study supports the effectiveness of the destigmatized group intervention, suggesting the importance of reducing self-stigma for facilitating recovery for adults with mental illness.
The Interrelations of Physical and Mental Health: Self-Rated Health, Depression, and PTSD Among Female IPV Survivors
Authors: Dekel Rachel , Shaked Omer , Ben-Porat Anat , Itzhaky Haya
Published: April 2019

Researchers have found that intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with low self-rated health (SRH), which is correlated with increased medication usage, and has tremendous social consequences. IPV and low SRH are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, and the current study examined the interrelations between these variables among 505 Israeli women in shelters. To assess mediation, three regressions were designed. Traumatic events, Russian ethnicity, and chronic illness all contributed to low SRH. The direct effect of depression on SRH was insignificant when PTSD entered the regression. Our findings suggest that PTSD is a more fundamental factor than depression when predicting SRH among IPV survivors.
There Is Virtually No Excuse: The Frequency and Predictors of College Students’ Bystander Intervention Behaviors Directed at Online Victimization
Authors: Henson Billy , Fisher Bonnie S. , Reyns Bradford W.
Published: April 2019

Research shows that a large percentage of college students have experienced online victimization. However, bystander intervention behaviors directed at online contexts are absent from both the online victimization and bystander intervention research. With a sample of undergraduate college students, the current study explores the frequency and predictors of bystander intervention behaviors in response to online situations. Results show that a majority of students intervened during the past academic year when faced with the opportunity. Individuals with high self-control, who previously experienced online victimization, and/or witnessed positive peers’ norms offline are more likely to intervene.
Stability studies of two compounded solutions potentially used in tumor lysis syndrome
Authors: Stawny Maciej , Gostyńska Aleksandra , Górecka Alina , Mańkowska Dorota , Kołodziej Izabela , Jankowiak-Gracz Hanna , Ogrodowczyk Magdalena
Published: April 2019

Objective

The aim of the study was to determine the stability of two non-commercially produced solutions: 1.68% sodium bicarbonate in 5% glucose (BIC solution) and 1.6% calcium chloride in 0.9% sodium chloride (CAL solution), which can be used to treat tumor lysis syndrome. One of the ways to treat the tumor lysis syndrome is to irrigate patients, alkalinize the urine through the supply of BIC solution or continuous hemodialysis with regional citrate anticoagulation, using a CAL solution.

Method

The study took place in two independent hospital pharmacies. Fifty samples of each solution were prepared under aseptic conditions, then the concentration of sodium and calcium ions was determined and microbiological purity tests were carried out. The tests were performed on the day of sample preparation and after seven days of storage at 4 ± 1℃.

Results

The obtained results showed that applied preparation method was precise and accuracy. The average concentration of sodium ions in BIC solutions ranged from 187.7 to 185.26 mmol/L on 1st and 7th day, respectively. The average concentration of calcium ions in CAL solution ranged from 68.92 to 68.80 mmol/L on 1st and 7th day, respectively. None of the samples were microbiologically contaminated.

Conclusion

Studied solutions for infusion were characterized by good chemical and microbiological stability when prepared in a clean room and stored at 4 ± 1℃.
When and Why a Squeakier Wheel Gets More Grease: The Influence of Cultural Values and Anger Intensity on Customer Compensation
Authors: Glikson Ella , Rees Laura , Wirtz Jochen , Kopelman Shirli , Rafaeli Anat
Published: April 2019

When customers express anger, do they gain greater returns, as suggested by the proverb “the squeaky wheel gets the grease”? If so, does the intensity of the squeak matter? In four studies, we explore employee compensation responses to customers who express relatively high- versus low-intensity anger in service-failure settings. The studies demonstrate that the cultural value of power distance (PD) moderates the relationship between emotional intensity and customer compensation: High-PD service employees offer less compensation to customers expressing higher intensity anger, and low-PD service employees offer more to customers expressing higher intensity anger. For high-PD service employees, this relationship between emotional intensity and compensation is mediated by the perceived appropriateness of the anger expression; for low-PD employees, it is mediated by perceived threat. However, when perceptions of threat are mitigated, low-PD service employees offer higher compensation to lower intensity anger, and this effect is mediated by perceptions of appropriateness. This research is the first to examine the effect of anger intensity in service-failure settings. For managers, the findings illuminate the importance of adopting a cultural lens when designing emotion management training programs and when setting practices for compensating angry customers.
CT characterisation of feline adrenal glands
Authors: Mallol Claudia , Altuzarra Raúl , Espada Yvonne , Tobón Restrepo Mauricio , Serrano Emmanuel , Novellas Rosa
Published: April 2019

Objectives

The objectives of this study were to describe the CT characteristics of the adrenal glands in healthy cats, to provide normal reference biometry for adrenal gland size and attenuation values, and to investigate the association with age, sex, laterality and body weight.

Methods

Retrospective evaluation of 30 CT studies of healthy adult cats recruited from September 2013 to July 2015 was performed. Healthy cats >1 year of age were included based on the absence of clinical signs, unremarkable physical examination, normal results of the complete blood count, biochemical profile, feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukaemia virus and Bartonella species infection tests. The relationship between gland biometry (size and attenuation values) and the age, sex, laterality and body weight of cats were tested by two-way ANOVA. The intraclass correlation coefficient was assessed and mean, SD, range and reference interval provided.

Results

Twenty-seven cats were included. Bilobed, arrowhead and oval adrenal gland shape patterns were recognised, the first being most common. No statistically significant differences were observed between the biometric parameters (length, height and attenuation values) and age, sex, laterality or body weight of the cats. Regarding the width of the adrenal glands, there was a statistically significant effect of sex and laterality. The length (11.6 ± 2.1 mm) and height (6.1 ± 1.3 mm) were the most consistent biometrical parameters to describe adrenal glands.

Conclusions and relevance

Adrenal gland shape, size and attenuation CT data of healthy feline patients are provided in this study, as well as normal reference intervals for morphometric characterisation based on adrenal length and height.
non-arthroplasty iliopsoas impingement in athletes: a narrative literature review
Authors: Andronic Octavian , Nakano Naoki , Daivajna Sachin , Board Tim N , Khanduja Vikas
Published: April 2019

Introduction:

Iliopsoas impingement occurs secondary to a tight iliopsoas tendon that causes impingement during movement. This review presents current aspects regarding the diagnosis of iliopsoas impingement and also exposes the readers to the possible anatomic and clinical variations together with the available treatment options.

Methods:

We conducted a narrative literature review with regard to non-arthroplasty iliopsoas impingement.

Results:

Iliopsoas impingement is characterised by a distinct pattern of labral pathology, with anteriorly localised labral damage, that does not extend to the anterosuperior portion of the acetabulum. Anterior groin pain and intermittent catching, snapping or popping of the hip are common symptoms. Non-specific focal tenderness is often found over the iliopsoas tendon at the level of the anterior aspect of the joint. The ‘C-sign’ and Impingment test are usually positive. Dynamic ultrasonography is also useful for confirming the diagnosis. Initial management of painful iliopsoas impingement should be conservative. When patients continue to have pain, an ultrasound-guided injection can provide relief and predict the response to the surgical release. For patients who have recurrent pain after local injection of steroids, arthroscopic release has shown to achieve effective results.

Conclusions:

Although different treatment options for iliopsoas impingement are emerging, the current standard of therapy is conservative followed by an arthroscopic tenotomy if necessary. Young adult hip surgeons should always keep this differential in mind in a patient presenting with groin pain and mechanical symptoms.
Myoepithelial Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Tongue: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Nicholas Robert G , Hanson Josh A , Meiklejohn Duncan A
Published: April 2019

Background:

Myoepithelial cell carcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm of salivary gland origin that typically presents in the parotid gland and minor salivary glands. It has been described previously in head and neck sites such as buccal mucosa, alveolar ridge, and base of tongue.

Methods:

A 55-year-old man presented with 30 years of right-sided tongue pain and 10 years of gradually worsening ulceration. Physical examination demonstrated a 2.5 cm ulcerative lesion of the anterior right oral tongue. An initial biopsy was consistent with moderately to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Imaging included a positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scan that demonstrated the right tongue lesion as well as hypermetabolic right level II adenopathy. The patient underwent surgical excision of the right tongue, upper aerodigestive tract endoscopy, and a bilateral supraomohyoid neck dissection. The tongue defect was closed primarily.

Results:

Final pathology of the surgical specimen demonstrated myoepithelial cell carcinoma. All of the margins were free of tumor and no cervical lymph nodes showed metastasis. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated myoepithelial differentiation. The tumor did not show EWSR1 gene rearrangement on genetic testing, suggesting salivary gland origin. Multidisciplinary tumor board evaluation recommended no adjuvant therapy. The patient recovered well after surgery and nearly a year later is without evidence of recurrent or residual disease.

Conclusions:

We present the first reported case of myoepithelial cell carcinoma with primary origin in the oral tongue and review the available literature on this unusual tumor. We discuss the clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical features and treatment of myoepithelial cell carcinoma.
Failure stress modification in fatigue life models for rolling bearings
Authors: Gupta Pradeep K
Published: April 2019

The critical subsurface shear stress related to rolling contact fatigue is modified to model the effects of residual stress common in case hardened materials, such as M50-NiL. The role of hoop stress, generated due to race rotation and shrink fits, is also modeled. It is shown that even relatively low levels of compressive residual stress could contribute to notable increase in bearing life. An equivalent life modification factor is dependent on both residual stress and applied load. Model predictions are in agreement with available experimental life data obtained with a 40-mm angular contact ball bearing with M50-NiL races and silicon nitride balls. The stress modification approach is also applied to model the role of any fatigue limiting shear stress, such that the solutions converge to validated Lundberg–Palmgren solutions as limiting stress reduces to zero. However, bearing life predictions at light loads, under any reasonable limiting stress, are unreasonably high. As an alternate approach, the empirical constant in the limiting stress model, with a prescribed limiting stress, is determined by least-squared regression between model predictions and available experimental life data. With such an approach, the least-squared deviation between model predictions and experimental data shows a monotonic increase as a function of the limiting stress with a minimum at no limiting stress. This observation suggests that simple failure stress modification in the current subsurface stress-based models may not be suitable to implement any fatigue limiting stress for rolling contacts.
Subverting economic empowerment: Towards a postcolonial-feminist framework on gender (in)securities in post-war settings
Authors: Martin de Almagro Maria , Ryan Caitlin
Published: April 2019

This article demonstrates that the inability of the United Nations Women, Peace and Security agenda to realize greater peace and security for women in post-war states stems to a great extent from its failure to engage deeply with the materiality of women’s lives under economic empowerment projects. We argue that the Women, Peace and Security agenda reproduces a neoliberal understanding of economic empowerment that inadequately captures the reality of women’s lives in post-war settings for two reasons: first, it views formal and informal economic activities as dichotomous and separate, rather than as intertwined and constitutive of each other; and, second, it conceptualizes agency as individual, disembodied, abstract, universalizing and conforming to the requirements of the competitive pressures of the market. The article then offers a three-pronged postcolonial-feminist framework to analyse international interventions in which representation, materiality and agency are interconnected. We argue that such a framework helps understand better who is empowered in post-war economies and how they are empowered. This, in turn, makes visible how post-war economies produce gendered and racialized (in)securities that need to be addressed by the Women, Peace and Security agenda. With this, we also hope to reflect on broader international political economy concerns about the problems of making conceptual distinctions between politics and economics, and to challenge the constructed borders between materiality and discourse that have pervaded peace and conflict studies.
Modelling tourist expenditure at origin and destination
Authors: Gómez-Déniz Emilio , Pérez-Rodríguez Jorge V , Boza-Chirino José
Published: April 2019

This article proposes a model of foreign tourist expenditure, based on expenditure in the country of origin (i.e. reservation of accommodation and transport) and on goods and services at the destination. The study focuses on two measures reflecting the two types of expenditure: the tourist budget share and the difference in growth rates between expenditure at origin and at destination. The random nature of each of these variables is taken into account. The tourist budget share is determined using a fractional response model, based on the beta distribution. This approach allows us to accommodate certain aspects of the empirical budget share distribution, such as skewness, and to represent the results as bounded between 0 and 1, but also to include covariates. The empirical analysis was conducted using data obtained by the Canary Islands Tourist Expenditure Survey, focusing on German and British tourists in particular. The results obtained show that the fractional regression model proposed represents the behaviour of the relevant variables reasonably well and surpasses the performance of the linear regression model.
What do home robots want? The ambivalent power of cuteness in robotic relationships
Authors: Caudwell Catherine , Lacey Cherie
Published: April 2019

A wave of social, domestic robots is poised to enter our homes. Robots such as Jibo, Kuri and Olly are networked with other ‘smart’ devices and use cameras and voice control to provide companionship, care and household management. These robots are proposed as members of the family, and as such must encourage intimacy and trust with their human caregivers. In this article, we explore the nexus between the cute aesthetic of home robots and the kinds of affective relationships this aesthetic enables with the human user. Our argument is that the cuteness of home robots creates a highly ambivalent relationship of power between (human) subject and (robotic/digital) object, whereby the manifestation of consciousness and the production of lasting emotional bonds require home robots to exceed the affective and semiotic limitations, even as their cute appearance may encourage the production of intimacy. By exceeding the borders established by their own design, home robots are able to manifest as conscious beings, a manifestation which both destabilizes the power differential between user and robot and, paradoxically, points to the possibility of their own replacement. To explore these ideas, we discuss three soon-to-be-released social robots: Mayfield Robotics’ Kuri, Emotech’s Olly and Jibo Inc.’s Jibo. Each promises a unique personality that will integrate them as a member of the family.
Homonormativity or queer disidentification? Rural Australian bisexual women's identity politics
Authors: Grant Ruby , Nash Meredith
Published: April 2019

Recent research shows that queer youth increasingly reject traditional sexual labels in favour of more fluid identifications. Despite well-rehearsed debates around queer identity politics under neoliberalism, there is a dearth of research examining how queerness is understood and expressed in rural Australia. To address this knowledge gap, this article examines bisexual and queer young women's understandings of sexual labels in Tasmania, Australia. Drawing on Jose Esteban Muñoz's disidentifications, we argue that while neoliberalism and homonormativity do influence rural queer women's identity politics, their lived experiences present specific challenges that draw attention to the urban-centricity of homonormativity.
Youth, enterprise and precarity: or, what is, and what is wrong with, the ‘gig economy’?
Authors: MacDonald Robert , Giazitzoglu Andreas
Published: April 2019

By taking an historical perspective, and by drawing on our own empirical work from the UK in the 1980s and more recently, we argue three main things. First, we need to understand the particular conditions of ‘the gig economy’ as a concentrated form of a more general de-standardisation of employment that has brought multiple forms of insecure work. Second, although there is clamour and excitement about ‘the gig economy’ in fact it shares strong parallels with earlier forms of insecure enterprise. Third, while not uniform nor as yet fully empirically demonstrated, young adults’ encounters with the ‘gig economy’ and other aspects of the contemporary labour market (such as the ‘low-pay, no-pay’ cycle, self-employment, ‘zero-hours contracts’) appear to be typified by a lack of choice and control, and experiences of disempowerment, low pay, degraded work conditions, alienation, anxiety and insecurity. This stands at odds with more celebratory proclamations about ‘the gig economy’.
Human perception of wind farm vibration
Authors: Nguyen Duc-Phuc , Hansen Kristy , Zajamsek Branko
Published: April 2019

Survey results have shown that many respondents report to be annoyed by vibration, which they attribute to a wind farm. The aim of this work is to explore wind turbine vibration characteristics and evaluate its effects on humans. The vibration was measured on a bed frame, the floor and a window in three dwellings located 3.3, 5 and 2.4 km from two wind farms in South Australia. It was found that vibration on the window was wind farm related as it contained amplitude modulation. Vibration on the bed and floor was low and dominated by ambient vibration. Evaluation based on the AS 2670-2 (1990) and BS 6472-1 (2008) standards indicated that the vibration levels on the floor are unlikely to cause discomfort or adverse comment. Also, vibration can be associated with local wind speed and low-frequency noise meaning that wind-induced structural vibration could be erroneously attributed to a wind farm.
How anthropogenic climate change prevailed: A case study of controversies around global warming on Portuguese Wikipedia
Authors: Esteves Gonçalves da Costa Bernardo , Cukierman Henrique Luiz
Published: April 2019

Although the Earth’s surface average temperature is rising since 1850 due mostly to anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions, the existence and the attribution of global warming are sometimes disputed outside the peer-reviewed literature. This article investigates whether climate skeptics’ claims are admitted in Wikipedia, the encyclopedia that anyone can edit. We carried a case study involving 93 global warming–related articles in Portuguese Wikipedia, analyzing their revision history from the perspective of Actor–Network Theory in two moments (2014 and 2017). We found that while “Aquecimento global” and other highly accessed articles support thoroughly anthropogenic climate change, it was not the case until 2012, long after the question had been settled by scientists; claims disputing the human influence on the climate remain in some articles. The enforcement of Wikipedia policies was crucial to ensure that anthropogenic climate change would prevail and that the collaborative encyclopedia would become a spokesperson for climate science.