bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on interior beam–column joint sub-assemblage under bi-directional loading using finite element analysis
Authors: Nagargoje Shashikant Mahadev , Mahajan Milinda Ashok
Published: July 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the shearing performance under bi-directional loading of an interior beam–column joint (BCJ) sub-assemblage using the finite element analysis (FEA) tool (midas fea), validated in this research.

Design/methodology/approach

The BCJ can be defined as an essential part of the column that transfers the forces at the ends of the members connected to it. The members of the rigid jointed plane frame resist external forces by developing twisting moment, bending moment, axial force and shear force in the frame members. On the type of joints, the response to the action of lateral loads depends on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures. The joint is considered rigid if the angle between the members remains unchanged during the structural deformation. This work examined the shear deformation, load displacement and strength of a non-seismically detailed internal concentric RC joint using non-linear FEA. The bi-directional loading imposes the oblique compression zone on one joint corner. This joint core’s oblique compression strut mechanism differs significantly from that under unidirectional loading. The numerical results are compared with experimental results in this study, with the data published in the literature.

Findings

Numerical analysis results show that, in the comparative study of numerical and experimental values, the FEA tool predicts the behaviour of the RC BCJ well. The discrepancy between the experimental and numerical results amounts to 6 to 12% end displacement of the beam, 7% resultant joint shear force, 4.23% column bar strain and 0.70% hoop strain.

Originality/value

The current code of practice describes the joint sub-assemblage behaviour along the single axis individually. In the non-orthogonal system, the superposition of the two axes for joint space results in overlapping the stresses and, hence, the formation of the oblique strut. This may result in a reduction in the joint capacity under bi-directional loading. The behaviour must be explored in depth, and an attempt is made for further exploration.
Geometric morphometric analysis of beak shape of Columbimorphae (Columbas, Van, Mardin and Dönek)
Authors: Özkan Ermiş , Günay Ebuderda , Deveci Emine İrem , Manuta Nicoleta , Çakar Buket
Published: July 2024

Selective breeding over centuries has led to the emergence of numerous pigeon breeds from the single species Columba livia, showcasing unparalleled phenotypic diversity. In Eastern Turkey, Van pigeons originate, while Tumbler pigeon varieties thrive countrywide, reflecting local traditions. The avian beak, vital for survival, offers insights into domestication and traits influenced by natural selection. Geometric morphometrics, a shape analysis method, allows for a comprehensive examination of beak shapes among domestic pigeons, providing a nuanced understanding of their complexity. Understanding beak diversity in pigeons, especially those found in Turkey, enhances our knowledge of avian evolution and adaptation processes. The study utilized 48 skulls from 4 pigeon breeds, including wild rock pigeons and domestic pigeons of Tumbler, Mardin and Van breeds, all free from pathological lesions and adults. Geometric morphometric analyses of beak shape were conducted using dorsal and lateral photographs, with landmarks placed using tpsDig software. MorphoJ software facilitated procrustes analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to assess morphological variability and differentiate pigeon breeds based on shape patterns, with significance set at p < 0.05. PCA revealed significant shape variations among pigeon breeds, with 47 principal components identified for lateral beak views and 36 principal components for dorsal views. Canonical variates analysis further distinguished morphological patterns among breeds, indicating distinct shape variations in both dorsal and lateral views, elucidating the unique characteristics of each breed's beak morphology. Our results demonstrate statistically significant differences in pigeon beak shape, particularly in the lateral view, confirming the importance of these variations (p < 0.05) and suggesting that such differences occur less than 5% of the time under the null hypothesis.
Bending the Iron Law: The distribution of power within political parties
Authors: Invernizzi Giovanna M. , Prato Carlo
Published: July 2024

How do political parties share power internally? We study the internal organization of political parties as the solution of a moral hazard problem between a party conference and its factions. Factions' mobilization efforts benefit the party electorally, but can only be imperfectly monitored. In contrast with the logic of Michel's Iron Law, we provide a functionalist rationale for intraparty power sharing: We show that internal power sharing can enhance a party's electoral performance. This effect is stronger in settings that award more resources to election winners: Low interparty power sharing produces high intraparty power sharing. We also show that intraparty power sharing should be more frequent within smaller parties, when monitoring of factional effort is more precise (e.g., preferential voting systems), and when factions' ideological disagreements span multiple dimensions.
Assessment, diagnosis and management characteristics of people with acute Charcot neuro‐osteoarthropathy in a regional Australian health service: A 3‐year retrospective audit
Authors: Diacogiorgis Dimitri , Perrin Byron Matthew , Kingsley Michael Ian Charles
Published: July 2024

Objective

Acute Charcot neuro‐osteoarthropathy (CN) is highly destructive, causing bone and joint damage that can result in devastating structural changes to the foot. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of assessment, diagnosis and management of people with acute CN attending a large regional Australian health service.

Design

Three‐year retrospective medical record audit.

Setting

Large regional health service with catchment area of >250 000 people in regional Australia.

Participants

People with acute CN who attended emergency, orthopaedic clinics or High Risk Foot Clinic (HRFC).

Main Outcome Measures

Participant characteristics and acute CN assessment, diagnosis and management characteristics. Trends in characteristics were investigated according to rurality as measured by the Modified Monash Model (MMM) scale.

Results

Seventeen participants (20 presentations) of acute CN were identified. Mean age was 57.1 ± 10.8 years, with 11 female participants. Median duration to seek help was 31 (IQR 14–47) days. Total Contact Casting was undertaken for 85% of cases, with those who resided in MMM1‐2 regions experienced significantly shorter time to TCC therapy compared to those residing in MMM3‐7 regions (U = 3.0, p < 0.01). Resolution of acute CN with or without deformity occurred in 70% of cases.

Conclusions

Those who lived in smaller regional and rural communities were more likely to experience delayed access to gold standard treatment for acute CN. Regional models of care for acute CN should include activities to improve the knowledge of people at risk of acute CN about the condition and upskill regional health professionals for timely and local TCC therapy.
The role of malting and germination times on the distribution of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of barley grains
Authors: Younis Mahmoud , Ahmed Isam Ali Mohamed , Özcan Mehmet Musa , Uslu Nurhan , Albakry Zainab
Published: July 2024

In this study, the role of germination times and malt production preliminary stages on the bioactive and phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of barley grains was investigated. Antioxidant activity values of barley, soaked barley and dried barley have been reported between 5.00 mmol/kg (barley) and 6.65 mmol/kg (sokaed barley). The total phenol and flavonoid quantities of the barley, soaked barley and dried barley samples were recorded to be between 58.49 (dried barley) and 69.10 mgGAE/100 g (soaked barley) to 145.22 (dried barley) and 157.75 mgQE/100 g (soaked barley), respectively. The total phenol content of green malt and dried‐roasted malt were recorded to be between 115.85 (3rd day) and 237.80 mgGAE/100 g (7th day) to 111.83 (3rd day) and 346.04 mg GAE/100 g (7th day), respectively. While catechin amounts of barley samples are registrated between 5.83 (dried barley) and 10.29 mg/100 g (soaked barley), catechin amounts of green and dried‐roasted malt samples were identified between 5.20 (malt for 3rd day) and 56.42 mg/100 g (malt for 7th day). In general, an increase in the phenolic components of green and dried‐roasted malt samples was observed with germination.
Intensive agriculture increases fluctuating asymmetry of dorsal head shape in Iberian asp viper populations
Authors: Buldain J. , Kaliontzopoulou A. , Zuazo Ó. , Martínez‐Freiría F.
Published: July 2024

Habitats resulting from agricultural intensification harbour a wide array of stressors for resident organisms. Environmental stress during development can leave imprints on the phenotype that are useful as indicators of its impairment. Among them, fluctuating asymmetry (FA), considered the morphological manifestation of developmental instability (DI), may reflect the increment of developmental noise and the inefficiency of buffering mechanisms. Here, we evaluated for the first time the impact of intensive agriculture on the development of a viviparous reptile, the asp viper, Vipera aspis (Linnaeus 1758), by means of FA. To this end, we first quantified unsigned asymmetry indexes (uAI) of dorsal head shape captured by geometric morphometrics (GM) and of seven pholidotic traits in 127 and 482 individuals, respectively. Using linear models, we then tested for variation in uAI according to habitat type. Furthermore, we tested the effect of climatic variables with a potential influence on development, and thus, on FA. We performed analyses at the V. aspis zinnikeri subspecies range and at the population level, including three well‐sampled natural localities (NAT) and three sites of intensive agriculture (AGR). We found significantly higher FA levels in dorsal head shape in individuals from agricultural habitats than in those from natural habitats, which suggests that asp viper development is impaired by stressors resulting from agricultural intensification. Our results also point to a lower sensitivity of traditional morphological tools to capture the signal that intensive agriculture leaves on development and a lack of capacity of climatic factors in isolation to predict variation in the degree of asymmetry. In addition to encouraging the use of high‐precision methods, we hypothesize on the overall effect of different stressors linked to intensive agriculture as the real constraint.
The opinions and experiences of nursing students, nurses, and patients regarding clinical practices: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Sarıköse Seda , Özkan Alparslan , Cengiz Ayça , Öngün Burak , Koyun Hamza Can , Doha Najwa Ahmad , Bağçivan Gülcan , Şenol Çelik Sevilay
Published: July 2024

The aim of this mixed‐methods study was to examine the experiences of nursing students (NSs), nurses, and patients regarding the clinical practices of NSs and to determine NSs' stress levels regarding clinical practices. The quantitative part of the study was completed with 240 NSs, and the “Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students” was used. In the qualitative part, the focus group interviews were held with 24 NSs, and the individual interviews were conducted with 15 patients and 20 nurses. Descriptive and stepwise regression analyses were used to analyze quantitative data, and narrative analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Regression analysis determined that the age, grade point average, and attitude of mentors were associated with the perceived stress levels of NSs. In the narrative analysis of the data obtained from the interviews with NSs and nurses, four categories were identified: Emotions, Facilitators, Barriers, Roles, and Competencies. Three categories (Emotions, Problems, Roles, and Competencies) were identified from patient interviews. This study showed that NSs' clinical practice experiences were affected by many factors and experienced high stress during clinical practice.
The effect of lens and fitting characteristics upon scleral lens centration
Authors: Fisher Damien , Collins Michael J. , Vincent Stephen J.
Published: July 2024

Purpose

To quantify the impact of varying central fluid reservoir depth, lens thickness/mass and the addition of a peripheral fenestration upon scleral lens centration.

Methods

Ten young, healthy adults participated in a series of repeated‐measures experiments involving short‐term (90 min) open eye scleral lens wear. Scleral lens parameters (material, back optic zone radius, diameter, back vertex power and landing zone) were controlled across all experiments, and the central fluid reservoir depth (ranging from 144 to 726 μm), lens thickness (ranging from 150 to 1200 μm), lens mass (101–241 mg) and lens design (with or without a single 0.3 mm peripheral fenestration) were altered systematically. Scleral lens decentration was quantified using over‐topography maps.

Results

On average, scleral lens centration varied by <0.10 mm over 90 min of wear. Medium and high initial fluid reservoir conditions resulted in 0.17 mm more temporal and 0.55 mm more inferior lens decentration, compared to the low fluid reservoir depth (p < 0.001). Changes in lens thickness or the addition of a peripheral fenestration did not cause clinically significant changes in centration (<0.10 mm on average) when controlling for fluid reservoir depth. Central fluid reservoir depth was the best predictor of horizontal and vertical lens decentration, explaining 62–73% of the observed variation, compared to 40–44% for lens thickness and mass.

Conclusion

Scleral lens decentration remained relatively stable over 90 min of lens wear. A greater initial central fluid reservoir depth resulted in significantly more lens decentration, particularly inferiorly. Large variations in lens thickness, mass or the addition of a single peripheral fenestration did not substantially affect lens centration.
Ultraviolet irradiation benefits left ventricular hypertrophy and mitochondrial morphology of cardiomyocytes in hypertensive rats
Authors: Shibata Hiroki , Noda Akiko , Nishizawa Yuji , Ito Atsuki , Okumura Takahiro , Hashimoto Katsunori , Takeda Kozue , Katanosaka Kimiaki , Yasuma Fumihiko , Wu Shiyong
Published: July 2024

Insufficient exposure to sunlight increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Hypertensive left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy exacerbates the risks of myocardial ischemia, ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and heart failure. This study aimed to determine the effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on LV hypertrophy and mitochondrial morphology. Eighteen 7‐week‐old Dahl salt‐sensitive (Dahl S) rats were categorized into three groups (n = 6 each) and fed sodium chloride (NaCl) diets, as follows: UV‐irradiated [UVB+A (+), 8% NaCl], non‐UV‐irradiated [UV (−), 8% NaCl], and control [UV (−), 0.3% NaCl]. UV irradiation was administered at a low intensity of 100 mJ/cm2 for 6 days per week. Echocardiography and mitochondrial analyses were performed to evaluate LV hypertrophy and cardiomyocytes, and skin tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to assess the pathological abnormalities at 12 weeks of age. LV mass was significantly reduced in the UVB+A (+) and control groups compared to that in the UV (−) group. Mitochondrial structural abnormalities in cardiomyocytes were observed only in the UV (−) group, but not in the UVB+A (+) or control group. Pathological skin abnormalities were not observed in any of the three groups. These findings suggest the potential benefits of UV irradiation in hypertensive models.
Urban conflict management, human‐wild animal interactions, local environmental governance and political participation
Authors: Beeri Itai , Sadetzki Yaara , Hirsch‐Matsioulas Orit
Published: July 2024

Local authorities today cope with environmental changes. As urbanization advances, the overlap between nature and the world of human beings increases. The resulting new interactions between humans and wild animals have many consequences. The perspectives of public administration and politics regarding this issue remain unexplored. There is limited research on local environmental crises and local environmental governance regarding the interactions between people and animals in the management of urban spaces. Therefore, we conducted a study using the presence of wild boars in Haifa, Israel. It tests the impact of support for the incumbent mayor through the mediated relationship of the harm caused by wild animals and the moderating effect of local governance on local political participation. Our findings may advance current theory to local administration and local environmental governance. On a practical level, policymakers can design effective local environmental governance, and promote behaviors on the part of politicians and residents.
Enhancing maritime transportation security: A data‐driven Bayesian network analysis of terrorist attack risks
Authors: Mohsendokht Massoud , Li Huanhuan , Kontovas Christos , Chang Chia‐Hsun , Qu Zhuohua , Yang Zaili
Published: July 2024

Maritime terrorist accidents have a significant low‐frequency‐high‐consequence feature and, thus, require new research to address the associated inherent uncertainty and the scarce literature in the field. This article aims to develop a novel method for maritime security risk analysis. It employs real accident data from maritime terrorist attacks over the past two decades to train a data‐driven Bayesian network (DDBN) model. The findings help pinpoint key contributing factors, scrutinize their interdependencies, ascertain the probability of different terrorist scenarios, and describe their impact on different manifestations of maritime terrorism. The established DDBN model undergoes a thorough verification and validation process employing various techniques, such as sensitivity, metrics, and comparative analyses. Additionally, it is tested against recent real‐world cases to demonstrate its effectiveness in both retrospective and prospective risk propagation, encompassing both diagnostic and predictive capabilities. These findings provide valuable insights for the various stakeholders, including companies and government bodies, fostering comprehension of maritime terrorism and potentially fortifying preventive measures and emergency management.
New examples of 2‐nondegenerate real hypersurfaces in CN$\mathbb {C}^N$ with arbitrary nilpotent symbols
Authors: Kolář Martin , Kossovskiy Ilya , Sykes David
Published: July 2024

We introduce a class of uniformly 2‐nondegenerate CR hypersurfaces in , for , having a rank 1 Levi kernel. The class is first of all remarkable by the fact that for every it forms an explicit infinite‐dimensional family of everywhere 2‐nondegenerate hypersurfaces. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such construction. Besides, the class contains infinite‐dimensional families of nonequivalent structures having a given constant nilpotent CR symbol for every such symbol. Using methods that are able to handle all cases with simultaneously, we solve the equivalence problem for the considered structures whose symbol is represented by a single Jordan block, classify their algebras of infinitesimal symmetries, and classify the locally homogeneous structures among them. We show that the remaining considered structures, which have symbols represented by a direct sum of Jordan blocks, can be constructed from the single block structures through simple linking and extension processes.
Estimates of the Kobayashi metric and Gromov hyperbolicity on convex domains of finite type
Authors: Wang Hongyu
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we give a local estimate for the Kobayashi distance on a bounded convex domain of finite type, which relates to a local pseudodistance near the boundary. The estimate is precise up to a bounded additive term. Also, we conclude that the domain equipped with the Kobayashi distance is Gromov hyperbolic that gives another proof of the result of Zimmer.
“Two-birds-one-stone” oral nanotherapeutic designed to target intestinal integrins and regulate redox homeostasis for UC treatment
Authors: Huang Long , Hu Wei , Huang Long Qun , Zhou Qin Xuan , Song Zheng Yang , Tao Heng Yu , Xu Bing , Zhang Can Yang , Wang Yi , Xing Xin-Hui
Published: July 2024

Designing highly efficient orally administrated nanotherapeutics with specific inflammatory site–targeting functions in the gastrointestinal tract for ulcerative colitis (UC) management is a noteworthy challenge. Here, we focused on exploring a specific targeting oral nanotherapy, serving as “one stone,” for the directed localization of inflammation and the regulation of redox homeostasis, thereby achieving effects against “two birds” for UC treatment. Our designed nanotherapeutic agent OPNs@LMWH (oxidation-sensitive ε-polylysine nanoparticles at low–molecular weight heparin) exhibited specific active targeting effects and therapeutic efficacy simultaneously. Our results indicate that OPNs@LMWH had high integrin αM–mediated immune cellular uptake efficiency and preferentially accumulated in inflamed tissues. We also confirmed its effectiveness in the treatment experiment of colitis in mice by ameliorating oxidative stress and inhibiting the activation of inflammation-associated signaling pathways while simultaneously bolstering the protective mechanisms of the colonic epithelium. Overall, these findings underscore the compelling dual functionalities of OPNs@LMWH, which enable effective oral delivery to inflamed sites, thereby facilitating precise UC management.
Primary cilia mediate skeletogenic BMP and Hedgehog signaling in heterotopic ossification
Authors: He Kai , Jiang Heng , Li Weijun , Toutounchi Saman , Huang Yan , Wu Jianfeng , Ma Xiaoyu , Baehr Wolfgang , Pignolo Robert J. , Ling Kun , Zhou Xuhui , Wang Haitao , Hu Jinghua
Published: July 2024

Heterotopic ossification (HO), defined as the formation of extraskeletal bone in muscle and soft tissues, is a diverse pathological process caused by either genetic mutations or inciting trauma. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a genetic form of HO caused by mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptor gene
activin A receptor type 1
(
ACVR1
). These mutations make ACVR1 hypersensitive to BMP and responsive to activin A. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling also contributes to HO development. However, the exact pathophysiology of how skeletogenic cells contribute to endochondral ossification in FOP remains unknown. Here, we showed that the wild-type or FOP-mutant ACVR1 localized in the cilia of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth with key FOP signaling components, including activin A receptor type 2A/2B, SMAD family member 1/5, and FK506-binding protein 12kD. Cilia suppression by deletion of
intraflagellar transport 88
or
ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 3
effectively inhibited pathological BMP and Hh signaling, subdued aberrant chondro-osteogenic differentiation in primary mouse or human FOP cells, and diminished in vivo extraskeletal ossification in

Acvr1
Q207D

,
Sox2-Cre
;

Acvr1
R206H/+

FOP mice and in burn tenotomy–treated wild-type mice. Our results provide a rationale for early and localized suppression of cilia in affected tissues after injury as a therapeutic strategy against either genetic or acquired HO.
Numerical study of MHD flow over stretching cylinder with variable Prandtl number and viscous dissipation in ternary hybrid nanofluids with velocity and thermal slip conditions
Authors: Rafique Khadija , Mahmood Zafar , Usman  , Adnan  , Farooq Umar , Emam Walid
Published: July 2024

Industrial applications in domains such as warm rolling, crystal development, thermal extrusion and optical fiber illustration are seeing a significant increase. These applications specifically focus on addressing the challenge of a cylinder in motion inside a fluid environment. Elevated temperatures may affect the viscosity and thermal conductivity of fluids. Understanding the relationship between temperature and the properties of fluids is crucial. In light of these presumptions, the primary goal of this study is to examine, under transverse magnetic field, shape factor, velocity, thermal slip conditions and viscous dissipation, how temperature-dependent fluid properties could enhance the heat transfer efficiency and performance evolution of ternary hybrid nanofluid. In order to study flow fluctuations, the impact of nanoparticle addition and improvements in heat transfer, a variable Prandtl number is also included. The use of similarity variables converts the controlling flow model from partial differential equations (PDEs) to ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Mathematica’s shooting strategy solves ODEs using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta (RK-IV) method. Numerical calculations were done after setting parameters to acquire the desired results. Analytical data are provided in tables and graphs for convenient usage. The results showed that the velocity profile increases as the values of [Formula: see text], Pr, M, Re and S grow, and decreases when the values of [Formula: see text] decrease. Re, Pr and S lower the temperature profile, whereas [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and Ec raise it. The skin friction profile steepens as [Formula: see text], S, Re and M increase relative to the stretched cylinder, and flattens as [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decrease. The Nusselt number profile rises as [Formula: see text], Pr, S and Re decrease with [Formula: see text], Ec and [Formula: see text]. When the Prandtl number goes from 3.0 to 6.2 in a ternary hybrid nanofluid with brick-shaped nanoparticles, the Nusselt number goes up by around 55.7%.
Local nonsimilar solution and heat analysis of mixed convective flow across whole spherical shape with nonisothermal surface temperature
Authors: Emom Md. Latifur Rahman , Ferdows M. , Eid Mohamed R.
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the behavior of a mixed convective boundary layer flowing around a rigid spherical shape with non-isothermal wall temperature. The fluid assumed in this examination exhibits both incompressibility and viscosity. The major purpose is to examine the impact of the non-uniform surface temperature on the flow patterns, including velocity outlines and temperature outlines. An examination is conducted on the modified conservation equations of the boundary layer flow utilizing the local non-similarity method. The MATLAB built-in code bvp4c is used to find computational solutions. The outcomes are then shown for both air and water, specifically at a temperature of 21°C. The influence of several factors, such as the mixed convective variable [Formula: see text] and the exponent [Formula: see text] in the wall temperature function [Formula: see text]), is shown in velocity and temperature profiles. In addition, the study computes the local frictional force factor and local wall heat transport factor and compares these values with results from earlier research. Significantly, the study expands upon data made around the lower stagnating point to include other sites within the sphere, thereby offering a thorough comprehension of the whole flowing field.
The Role of Fair Value Accounting in Debt Structure Decisions: Evidence from Priority Structure and Financial Flexibility
Authors: Wang Dongyi
Published: July 2024

Synopsis

The research problem

This study investigates whether the debt structure of a firm — that is, how a firm organizes its debt contracts — depends on the extent to which fair value measurement is applied to the balance sheet.

Motivation

Most public firms have a nontrivial percentage of balance sheet items measured at fair value under the mixed attribute accounting, and there is a lack of understanding of its effect on the reporting entity’s debt structure. This study focuses on two aspects of the debt structure that have both practical and theoretical relevance, namely the priority structure and the financial flexibility. A priority structure involves the simultaneous use of different priorities of debt and is common among risky borrowers. Survey results show that financial flexibility is of first-order importance regarding the debt policy of firms. Here, financial flexibility refers to a firm’s ability to pursue new investment opportunities via debt issuance.

The test hypotheses

The first hypothesis states that a borrower with a higher percentage of balance sheet items measured at fair value is less likely to have a priority structure. The second hypothesis states that a borrower with a higher portion of balance sheet items measured at fair value likely has a debt structure that is more financially flexible. The third hypothesis states that the fair value of liabilities and the fair value of assets are equally relevant to debt structure decisions.

Target population

This study focuses on nonfinancial firms in North America that are subject to the mixed attribute accounting, which measures a certain percentage of assets and liabilities at fair value.

Adopted methodology

The main tests use multivariate analysis that includes both logistic regressions and OLS regressions. Additional tests include cross-sectional analyses and the Granger causality test.

Analysis

Using a sample constructed from Compustat North America and Capital IQ (6,220 firms and 36,487 firm-year observations), the main tests regress dependent variables, namely the priority structure measures and financial flexibility, on the exposure to fair value measurement.

Findings

Results show that fair value measurement reduces information asymmetry and has favorable effects on the debt structure. A high exposure to fair value measurement reduces the need for a priority structure. A high exposure to fair value measurement also enhances financial flexibility. Additional analyses reveal that the favorable effect mainly comes from assets measured at fair value. The effect becomes weaker with respect to liabilities measured at fair value.
Path Planning of Multiple Quadrotors with Ultrawideband Localization for Warehouse Inventory Management
Authors: De Guzman Carlos James P. , Chua Alvin Y. , Chu Timothy Scott C.
Published: July 2024

The paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of ultrawideband localization in the path planning of multiple quadrotors performing inventory management in warehouses. As studies investigating warehouse automation became prevalent, researchers have looked into integrating quadrotors to aid inventory management with their ability to equip a wide array of sensors and reach high altitudes. Indoor localization has been one of the main foci of research where simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) and radio frequency identification (RFID) were commonly used due to their reliability and accuracy. Ultrawideband (UWB) can be viable for quadrotor navigation with their effectiveness even in nonideal lighting conditions and its relatively inexpensive infrastructure. A path planning algorithm was designed which optimizes quadrotor energy consumption and yaw movement. Simulations were performed to verify the feasibility of the system, and field experiments were carried out to assess the accuracy of UWB to localize the quadrotor. Results have shown that UWB maintained an accuracy of 0.43 m with 95% reliability, even if two quadrotors were used. Moreover, the quadrotor energy consumption was minimized successfully, with the maximum energy consumption difference below 23% for multiple inventory management.
The Impact of Educational Interventions on Nurses’ Perceptions of Parental Support and Attitudes toward Parental Involvement in Neonatal Intensive Care Units
Authors: Abuhammad Sawsan , Barakat Haneen , Mehrass Amat-Alkhaleq
Published: July 2024

Aim. To determine the efficacy of interventional programs on nurses’ perceptions of parents’ support and attitudes toward parents’ participation in neonatal care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods. An experimental design was used to determine the efficacy of the interventional program on NICU nurses’ perceptions of parents’ support and attitudes toward parents’ participation in their neonatal care in three hospitals. Nearly 160 nurses from hospitals in North and Middle Jordan participated in the study and were divided into 80 intervention and 80 control groups. Results. The study displayed that nurses had a lower score in the perception of parents’ support and attitude towards their participation in neonatal care in pretest scores than in posttest scores. The mean perception score of parents supported in the control group was 59.17 (SD = 10.1) and in the intervention group was 64.16 (SD = 7.47) (P ≤ 0.01). The mean attitude score of parents’ participation in neonatal care in the control group was 37.08 (SD = 5.76) and that in the intervention group was 38.93 (SD = 5.92) (P = 0.04). Conclusion. The results of the study showed a positive impact of the intervention on nurses’ perceptions of parental support and attitudes toward their participation in neonatal care. Moreover, the study found that the only predictor of NPST and PPAS enhancement among nurses was the implementation of an education program.
Structural, Electronic, Mechanical and Optical Properties of RhZrZ (Z = As, Sb) Half‐Heusler Compounds: First‐Principles Calculations
Authors: Beriso Bejo Adem , Wodajo Shura Megersa , Asfaw Afrassa Mesfin , Tadele Kumneger , Tolessa Marem Fekadu , Haho Habura Kunsa
Published: July 2024

In this study, density functional theory (DFT) as it is implemented in the Quantum Espresso simulation package was employed to investigate the structural, electronic, mechanical and optical properties of RhZrZ (Z = As, Sb) half‐Heusler compounds. Results reveal that both the two compounds are most stable in α phase. Analysis of mechanical properties shows that the compounds are ductile in nature and mechanically stable. Calculations of band structure and density of states indicated that they are semiconductors with RhZrAs direct and RhZrSb indirect band gap. Furthermore, the investigation of the optical properties reveals that there is a high absorption coefficient and low electron energy loss in visible and some ultraviolet energy spectrum indicating that these compounds are potential candidates for optoelectronic applications.
Calculation of Propulsive Motion for Two‐Jointed Bionic Robotic Dolphin
Authors: Yuan Zhiqun , Chang Yuxuan , Chen Chen , Chen Yanqiang , Chen Shuixuan
Published: July 2024

The cruising propulsion process of the bionic robotic fish under the swinging tail motion presents a strong periodic dynamic response, and accurate prediction of its performance is the key to the overall design. Taking the two‐jointed bionic robotic dolphin as the research object, five kinds of movement modes were designed, and the coupled analysis model of the propulsion motion of the bionic robotic dolphin was established based on the hydrodynamic and Lagrangian dynamics methods, and the hydrodynamic performance of different movement modes and its linear propulsion dynamic response process were investigated. The results show that the coupled analysis method proposed in the paper can accurately obtain the motion response parameters of the robotic dolphin as well as the forces and moments of each joint, and the speed error with the hydrodynamic simulation is controlled within 5%. The research method and results have good application value to guide the selection design and performance prediction of bionic robotic fish.
T‐PLL Presenting with an Indolent Course
Authors: Thammahong Arsa , Sukswai Narittee , Polprasert Chantana
Published: July 2024

T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T‐PLL) is a rare, mature T‐cell leukemia which usually presents with aggressive behavior. We report an asymptomatic T‐PLL patient diagnosed by clinical features, lymphocyte morphology, and flow cytometry. Incidentally, she was found to have lymphocytosis and lymphadenopathy. Flow cytometry from blood revealed an abnormally increased CD4+ T‐cell population. T‐cell receptor clonality assessment by next‐generation sequencing revealed a dominant clone in the ß‐chain constant region. No pathogenic mutations in 25 lymphoma‐related genes were found. Due to her asymptomatic T‐PLL disease, we observed her clinical situation and blood count every three months for at least one year.
Data from NDEx 2.0: A Clearinghouse for Research on Cancer Pathways
Authors: Pratt Dexter , Chen Jing , Pillich Rudolf , Rynkov Vladimir , Gary Aaron , Demchak Barry , Ideker Trey
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We present NDEx 2.0, the latest release of the Network Data Exchange (NDEx) online data commons (www.ndexbio.org) and the ways in which it can be used to (i) improve the quality and abundance of biological networks relevant to the cancer research community; (ii) provide a medium for collaboration involving networks; and (iii) facilitate the review and dissemination of networks. We describe innovations addressing the challenges of an online data commons: scalability, data integration, data standardization, control of content and format by authors, and decentralized mechanisms for review. The practical use of NDEx is presented in the context of a novel strategy to foster network-oriented communities of interest in cancer research by adapting methods from academic publishing and social media. Cancer Res; 77(21); e58–61. ©2017 AACR.
Thromboelastography-Guided Antiplatelet Therapy for Patients with Ischemic Cerebrocardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: He Song , Tan Quandan , Shao Haifeng , Mao Fengkai , Leng Xinyi , Liu Weihua , Chen Xiaoling , Deng Hongwei , Gao Yijie , Chen Kejie , Hao Junli , Lin Yapeng , Yang Jie , Wang Xia
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The effectiveness of thromboelastography (TEG)-guided antiplatelet therapy in patients with ischemic cerebrocardiovascular diseases is not well-established. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of TEG-guided antiplatelet therapy compared to standard treatment in patients with ischemic cerebrocardiovascular diseases. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing TEG-guided antiplatelet therapy with standard therapy in patients suffering from ischemic stroke (IS) or coronary artery disease (CAD) were identified. The primary efficacy measure was a composite of ischemic and hemorrhagic events. Secondary efficacy measures included any ischemic events, while safety was assessed by the occurrence of bleeding events. Results: Ten studies involving 4 RCTs and 6 observational studies with a total of 1,678 patients were included. When considering a composite of ischemic and hemorrhagic events in RCTs, a significant reduction was observed in IS or CAD patients under TEG-guided therapy compared to standard therapy (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.27–0.75, p = 0.002). After pooling RCTs and observational studies together, compared to standard antiplatelet therapy, TEG-guided therapy significantly reduced the risk of a composite of ischemic and hemorrhagic events (OR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.19–0.37; p < 0.00001), ischemic events (OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.19–0.41; p < 0.00001), and bleeding events (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.16–0.62; p = 0.0009) in patients with IS or CAD. Conclusion: TEG-guided antiplatelet therapy appears to be both effective and safe for patients with IS or CAD. These findings support the use of TEG testing to tailor antiplatelet therapy in individuals with ischemic cerebrocardiovascular diseases.
The Use of Digital Library to Increase Students’ Reading Interest and Learning Independence
Authors: Sumardi Sumardi
Published: July 2024

A digital library is a library in which the entire collections and the management process and services are in the form of digital. The digital library collection is not only limited to print-substitute electronic documents, but the scope of the collection extends to digital artifacts that cannot be replaced in printed form. In the context of learning media, digital libraries can function to provide a variety of textual documents, audio, images, and videos. With the enhancement of digital library management and services, it will certainly provide more excellent service to its users and will create a joyful experience while accessing various information in the library and thus, can invite many people to know more about digital libraries. Therefore, this digital library can influence students' reading interests as well as increase their learning independence. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative research method. It is a kind of method that creates a factual and accurate description of the facts, characteristics, and relationships that occur between one phenomenon and another being studied. The purpose of this research is to find out what factors that influence students' low interest in reading and their learning independence and how to use digital libraries to increase student’s reading interest and learning independence.
Difference Ability Think Critical Using Learning Models Discovery Learning with Problem-Based Learning
Authors: Eka Stya Wardani  , Hety Mustika Ani  , Oktavisanti Mardiyana Lisana
Published: July 2024

The low ability to think critically students results Study students who don't meet the minimum completeness criteria. This matter is caused by insufficient selection of learning models so that students have difficulty in studying. Study this aims to know the difference in ability to think critically by using the Discovery Learning model and the Problem-based learning model (case study on basics of marketing subject for class X Marketing at SMKN 1 Jember). Study this uses all overpopulation class X PM. The sample is a selection process using a purposive sampling technique. The research methods used​ are quantitative with an experimental design. The technique used for collecting capability data is critical is a test. Research results show that data analysis using the Independent Sample t-test with a level significance of 0.05 results calculations obtained​ is 0.000 < 0.05 which means there is a significant influence.​ From the results, be concluded that there is a considerable difference​ in ability to think critically between class experiments using Problem-Based Learning and classroom learning models controlled using the Discovery Learning model.
A Content Based Analysis of Cultural Depictions in English Textbook
Authors: Akram Umar Farooq , Arslan Muhammad Farukh
Published: July 2024

The role that culture plays in teaching English as a global language is complicated by the language's widespread usage in a variety of international situations. Using a well-known paradigm of cultural representation in ELT textbook design by PCTB for grade 9, this study focused on a content analysis of four categories: objects, practices, viewpoints, and persons. The researcher has used qualitative research methods and content analysis as a tool for the analysis. Cultures, which are made up of a society's behavioural patterns that include details about common daily activities and rituals. The variety of foreign cultures that were depicted in these textbooks was obviously unbalanced. This is explained by the fact that the cultures of English-speaking nations are normal in comparison to other civilizations across the globe. It is believed that using English as an international language can help students become more proficient in cross-cultural communication and improve their intercultural competency.If writers of instructional materials focus more on the significance of global culture, this can be made achievable. By using content analysis method the research has evaluated the content of the textbook.
The Influence of the Game-Based Learning Model with Baamboozle Application Media on Critical Thinking and PPKn Learning Outcomes for 2nd Grade Elementary School Students
Authors: Safitri Dian Indah , Sumardi
Published: July 2024

This ponder points to decide the impact of the game-based learning demonstrate with the baamboozle application media on basic considering and civics learning results for moment review rudimentary school understudies. This inquire about could be a sort of test investigate with a quantitative approach. The method utilized is the test strategy within the shape of a quasy test plan with a pretest-posttest control gather plan. The test in this consider were understudies of SD Negeri Tempursari 01, Course II. Information collection strategies incorporate perception and tests. The information examination strategy utilized in this investigate is the test/T-test information examination procedure, where the collected information will be prepared and analyzed utilizing the typicality test and homogeneity test. The information investigation strategy utilized the SPSS form 21 application. After testing, it is known that the importance esteem is 0.000 which is underneath the foreordained importance esteem, specifically 0,000 ≤ 0,05. The comes about appeared that learning utilizing the game-based learning demonstrate with the baamboozle application media significantly impacted basic considering and learning results of PPKn understudies in lesson II character at SD Negeri Tempursari 01.
Prenatal breastfeeding education (PBE) and breastfeeding counseling (BC) influence the prenatal exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) preparation
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Prabandari Yayi Suryo , Julia Madarina , Hakimi Mohammad
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Pregnant women frequently exhibit varied behaviors, such as having a lot of questions, showing insecurity, and fear. Objective: Pregnant women frequently exhibit varied behaviors, such as having a lot of questions, showing insecurity, and fear. As a result, their sensitivity and susceptibility to social expectations surrounding their capacity to breastfeed are increased. This study aims to assess the different knowledge and skills of breastfeeding counseling (BC) on health personnel, and to assess differences in intent, knowledge, prenatal self-efficacy, and prenatal professional support in third-trimester pregnant women. Methods: The study was randomized by applying a pre-test and post-test design in the health worker group and the post-test only control group in the group of pregnant women. A comparative test was done by comparing the intervention indicator between the treatment group and control group using t-test, one-way ANOVA, post hoc test, and chi-square test at a 95% significance level (p < 0.05). Results: There was a difference in the mean score of EBF knowledge, 26.85 95% CI (19.94–33.76) and BC skills, 13.17 95% CI (25.85–36.48) health workers at post-test and pre-test. The comparison of intergroup relations between pregnant women group with EBF intention in Group A, OR 6.83 95% CI (4.10–11.36), and in Group B, OR 1.86 95% CI (1.15–3.01), to the control group. Conclusion: There is a difference in intention, mean breastfeeding knowledge score, prenatal self-efficacy, and support of prenatal breastfeeding preparation between groups of third-trimester pregnant women.