bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does the Ingestion of Isoxaflutole Herbicide Affect the Midgut and Salivary Glands of Pentatomidae Predators?
Authors: GONÇALVES T.S. , SOARES M.A. , SANTOS C.A. , SANTOS D.A. , SANTOS J.B. , BARROSO G.A.
Published: March 2016

Podisus nigrispinus is a generalist predator naturally occurring in agricultural and forestry systems that effectively contributes to the population balance of phytophagous insects, especially defoliating caterpillars. Histological changes were evaluated in the salivary glands and midgut of P. nigrispinus caused by ingestion of systemic herbicide isoxaflutole. These predator females were fed with leaves of eucalyptus plants, Tenebrio molitor pupae or water, contaminated or not by herbicide. Salivary glands and midguts were dissected, processed and analyzed under a light microscope. Activity level and cell morphology of the salivary glands and midgut showed differences among insects fed on plants, contaminated water or pupae. The epithelia of the salivary gland and midgut of individuals which had no contact with the herbicide showed homogeneous cytoplasm, nucleus with predominance of decondensed chromatin and evident nucleoli, intense cell activity features. As for the insects in contact with contaminated food, they presented undeveloped nucleus and condensed chromatin. The luminal contents of the salivary glands in the contaminated insects had become more acidophilus than in insects without poisoning, as well as having heterogeneous and granular secretion, being more evident in the bioassay in which the insects fed on contaminated water. There was a marked morphological change in the midgut cells in contaminated insects. High degree of apoptosis, disorganization and secretory vacuoles in the epithelial cytoplasm were observed. The apical portion of the midgut cells proved undeveloped, irregular and partially destroyed. It is concluded that isoxaflutole causes morphological changes in the digestive system of the predator P. nigrispinus.
Tenacidad a la fractura de compuestos cermets 3Al2O3*2SiO2/Ag manufacturados por molienda de alta energía
Authors: Hernández José G. Miranda , Bustamante Miriam Vázquez , Hernández Héctor Herrera , Morán Carlos O. González , Rangel Enrique Rocha , García Elizabeth Refugio
Published: March 2016

La fabricación de materiales compuestos de matriz cerámica reforzados con partículas metálicas han propiciado la formación de nuevos materiales conocidos como compuestos CERMETS, materiales que debido a sus elementos precursores poseen propiedades distintas a las de los materiales convencionales. En este trabajo se establece la ruta de fabricación de materiales compuestos cermets base 3Al2O3*2SiO2 reforzados con partículas metálicas de Ag a partir de la formación de la composición química en peso de polvos de 3Al2O3*2SiO2 / 1% Ag en busca de un aumento en la tenacidad a la fractura con respecto al cerámico base. La composición química de polvos es sometida a un proceso de mezcla molienda de alta energía en seco en un molino tipo planetario por 2 horas a 200 rpm. Los polvos posteriormente son conformados en muestras cilíndricas de 20 mm de diámetro y 3 mm de espesor mediante la aplicación de carga uniaxial en frío de 200 MPa. Las muestras son sinterizadas a 1500°C y 1600°C por una y dos horas en un horno de resistencia eléctrica en atmósfera controlada de gas nitrógeno. Los compuestos fabricados son analizados microestructuralmente por microscopia óptica y electrónica de barrido. Se determina la densidad y las propiedades mecánicas de dureza y tenacidad a la fractura, las dos últimas por el método de indentación. Los resultados muestran la viabilidad de fabricación de materiales compuestos cermets así como los cambios en la densidad, la dureza y la tenacidad a la fractura, con respecto al cerámico 3Al2O3*2SiO2 sin refuerzo metálico.
Emoções no cyberbullying: um estudo com adolescentes portugueses
Authors: Caetano Ana Paula , Freire Isabel , Simão Ana Margarida Veiga , Martins Maria José D. , Pessoa Maria Teresa
Published: March 2016

Resumo Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma parte do estudo extensivo do projeto Cyberbullying – um diagnóstico da situação em Portugal, com a aplicação de um questionário a 3.525 adolescentes no 6.º, 8.º e 11.º níveis de escolaridade. Com vista à caracterização do cyberbullying, pretendeu-se contribuir para a identificação e interpretação das emoções experienciadas pelos jovens envolvidos, quer como vítimas, quer como agressores em situações de cyberbullying. Os dados revelam que a tristeza, a vontade de vingança e o medo são as emoções mais frequentes das vítimas, enquanto a satisfação, a indiferença e o alívio são aquelas que os agressores mais vivenciam. Revelam ainda diferenças significativas entre as emoções experienciadas pelas vítimas e aquelas que os agressores lhes atribuem, o que, podendo ser um indicador da falta de empatia destes últimos, requer o desenvolvimento de uma educação emocional dos jovens. Verificam-se algumas diferenças significativas em relação ao nível de escolaridade, sexo, escola e município, nomeadamente: na maior incidência de emoções como a tristeza, o medo, a insegurança e a vontade de vingança nas vítimas do sexo masculino; mais sentimentos de insegurança, de alívio, de confusão e desorientação nas jovens agressoras; emoções associadas a impotência e falta de apoio, experimentadas pelos jovens no papel de vítimas, mais numas escolas do que noutras. Esses dados levam-nos a refletir sobre formas de agir no sentido da prevenção do cyberbullying.
Bullying escolar: um fenômeno multifacetado
Authors: Zequinão Marcela Almeida , Medeiros Pâmella de , Pereira Beatriz , Cardoso Fernando Luiz
Published: March 2016

Resumo O bullying escolar pode envolver crianças de diferentes maneiras, fazendo com que essas assumam papéis diferenciados. Dentre estes, têm-se vítimas, agressores e vítimas-agressoras. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever como ocorre o bullying em escolas de alta vulnerabilidade social da Grande Florianópolis e os papéis assumidos pelos alunos nesse fenômeno. Quanto ao método, participaram 409 crianças e adolescentes do terceiro ao quinto ano e da quarta à sexta série do ensino fundamental, de duas escolas públicas municipais, com idades entre 8 e 16 anos (X=11,14). Como instrumento, utilizou-se o Questionário de Olweus adaptado à população brasileira. Para a análise dos dados, empregaram-se a estatística descritiva e estatística inferencial por meio dos testes Mann Whitney e Kruskal Wallis. Quanto aos resultados, 29,8% dos meninos e 40,5% das meninas relataram terem sido vítimas; já 32,3% dos meninos e 24,6% das meninas relataram terem sido agressores. As vítimas foram as que se mostraram mais dispostas a ajudar como podem um colega que esteja sofrendo agressão (X=1,54; p>0,001), mesmo que não o conheçam (X=1,57; p>0,004). Em contrapartida, os agressores se diferenciaram do grupo que não participa (X=1,73) e do grupo das vítimas (X=2,34), sendo aqueles que menos se sentiram sozinhos (X=1,47; p>0,001). Concluiu-se que as informações obtidas neste estudo são indispensáveis na busca de alternativas para redução do bullying escolar. O fortalecimento das relações entre escola e alunos, e um maior preparo dos professores e funcionários são extremamente necessários para tentar minimizar os efeitos dos fatores de risco a que essas crianças estão expostas e consequentemente a violência na escola.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ACURÁCIA POSICIONAL PLANIMÉTRICA EM MODELOS DIGITAIS DE SUPERFÍCIE COM O USO DE FEIÇÕES LINEARES
Authors: Santos Afonso de Paula dos , Medeiros Nilcilene das Graças , Santos Gérson Rodrigues dos , Rodrigues Dalto Domingos
Published: March 2016

Atualmente, tem-se aumentado a preocupação com a avaliação da acurácia posicional em dados espaciais, principalmente em dados com informações altimétricas. Contudo, vários trabalhos avaliam apenas a componente altimétrica, desconsiderando a acurácia posicional planimétrica. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a acurácia posicional planimétrica dos principais MDSs disponíveis gratuitamente para o Brasil, como os modelos SRTM (banda C e X), Aster GDEM versão 2 e TOPODATA. Para a avaliação da acurácia posicional planimétrica dos MDSs, fez-se a extração de feições características do terreno como linhas de cumeadas e linhas de hidrografia numérica. Em seguida, de posse destas feições lineares, aplicou-se o método do Buffer Duplo para avaliar a acurácia posicional planimétrica de acordo com o padrão definido no Decreto-lei n° 89.817/ET-ADGV. Para a comparação destes modelos, utilizou-se como referência um MDS, na escala de 1:25.000, obtido do sensor ALOS/PRISM. Os resultados da avaliação posicional planimétrica apresentaram Classe C na escala 1:100.000 para os MDS SRTM-X e Aster GDEM; para os MDS TOPODATA e SRTM-C, as classificações obtidas foram Classe B e Classe C na escala de 1:250.000, respectivamente
Análise normativa dos comitês de investigação de óbitos, de controle de infecção e sua interface com a segurança do paciente em organizações complexas
Authors: Alves Eduardo André Viana
Published: March 2016

A segurança do paciente entrou como tema obrigatório para os serviços de saúde brasileiros com a formalização do Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente. Contudo, as organizações hospitalares já dispõem de comitês e comissões que também trabalham o risco sanitário e os eventos adversos em objetos específicos como as comissões de controle de infecção hospitalar e os comitês de investigação de óbito. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os regulamentos sanitários que criaram os comitês de investigação de óbitos e as comissões de controle de infecção hospitalares comparando e observando em que ponto eles interagem com o Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente em organizações complexas. Realizou-se análise documental dos ordenamentos normativos brasileiros que criaram estes comitês. Os resultados foram sistematizados de acordo com os seguintes parâmetros: nome da instância, normatização de criação, grau de participação, composição da equipe, forma de trabalho, instrumentos de trabalho, mecanismos de fiscalização regulação e controle. Observa-se que estas instâncias atuam dentro dos serviços de saúde interagindo em grau variado com a segurança do paciente. Essas instâncias apesar de receberem diversas denominações como ‘Comitês’, ‘Comissões’ ou ‘Núcleos’, mantém como ponto comum a obrigatoriedade de sua existência pelos regulamentos sanitários. Verifica-se, ainda, o risco de perda de eficiência devido à sobreposição de objetos de trabalho em um contexto de complexidade do sistema organizacional hospitalar. Contudo, nota-se uma intensa capacidade de atuação sinérgica, se estes comitês trabalharem a fim de atingir objetivos comuns o que levaria a criação de uma inteligência coorporativa institucional.
The study of Goncharov’s poetics in recent decades (short review)
Authors: Mel'nik V.I.
Published: March 2016

The article provides a brief overview of the main trends in the study of I. A. Goncharov’s poetics in national and foreign literary criticism in the last two decades. Special attention in this article is noticed to the work of the Hungarian, German and American scientists.
Viabilidade Financeira de Alimentos Orgânicos da Agricultura Familar para o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar em Toledo, Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Tugoz Jamila El , Bertolini Geysler Rogis Flor
Published: March 2016

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar se existe viabilidade financeira em uma propriedade rural do município de Toledo, Paraná, Brasil, na produção agrícola orgânica de tomate, cenoura e alface, para os serviços de alimentação nas escolas estaduais do Paraná como fator de sustentabilidade da agricultura familiar. Aplicou-se uma entrevista aberta, a fim de obter os valores de custo da produção dos produtos orgânicos com o modelo de análise de investimentos para fabricação de produtos ecologicamente corretos. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que há viabilidade econômica dos produtos selecionados, embora, considerando a demanda existente e os valores praticados no mercado tradicional para o tomate orgânico serem superiores àqueles pagos pelo programa do governo, se torna inviável sua comercialização ao Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar. Quanto aos produtos cenoura e alface, estes não possuíam demanda suficiente no mercado tradicional para suprimir a oferta da propriedade rural, de tal forma que o programa apresentava-se viável pela segurança de venda.
Aspectos Produtivos e Socioeconômicos do Arranjo Produtivo Local Bovino e Bubalino no Arquipélago do Marajó, Estado do Pará
Authors: Oliveira Cyntia Meireles de , Mattos Carlos André Corrêa de , Santana Antônio Cordeiro de
Published: March 2016

O Arranjo Produtivo Local da pecuária bovina e bubalina no Marajó além de ser importante na geração de trabalho e renda, pode também possibilitar a criação de divisas, considerando a indicação geográfica para carne, leite e produtos de maior valor agregado, tal como o queijo do Marajó. A candidatura da ilha do Marajó à Reserva da Biosfera constitui uma oportunidade de negócio e coloca o desafio de encontrar formas de desenvolvimento sustentável. Considerando-se a importância socioeconômica dessa cadeia produtiva no Marajó, objetivou-se descrever e analisar a cadeia de produção da pecuária marajoara. A pesquisa foi realizada nos municípios de Soure e Salvaterra pertencentes à microrregião do Arari, combinando pesquisa secundária e primária. Os questionários foram aplicados junto a vinte e três informantes dentre produtores, demais agentes da cadeia e entidades como associações e cooperativas. Constatou-se que há uma fraca atuação das instituições públicas na coordenação das atividades de pesquisa e extensão rural além do comportamento individual dos produtores decorrente das dificuldades em estabelecer laços de capital social. Como decorrência, as propriedades utilizam baixa tecnologia, assim como o manejo, a seleção genética e as práticas de gestão são deficitários. Assim, o Arranjo Produtivo Local da pecuária no Marajó tem sido pouco eficiente apesar do seu potencial de produção em pastagem natural, já que não fornece indícios de contribuir para o desenvolvimento, pois não é internalizada e tampouco possibilita a geração de encadeamentos para frente e para trás.
Transações entre Sojicultores Sul-Mato-Grossenses e a Indústria Produtora de Sementes Transgênicas
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Magalhães de , Caleman Silvia Morales de Queiroz , Nakase Bruna Shinohara
Published: March 2016

Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar o padrão da transação entre sojicultores sul-mato-grossenses e a Monsanto e, especificamente, i) identificar variáveis-chave da transação; ii) caracterizar os arranjos institucionais; iii) compreender a natureza dos conflitos na transação; e iv) caracterizar os determinantes de geração de valor na transação. Foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados em uma amostra de 25 sojicultores sul-mato-grossenses. Utilizou-se, como base teórica, a visão sistêmica de agronegócio, bem como a Nova Economia Institucional (NEI) e a Economia dos Custos de Transação (ECT). Constatou-se, como resultados parciais, que a Monsanto possui elementos que permitem uma coordenação extramercado, por meio de contratos na modalidade instrumentos de incentivo (benefícios) e controle (aparato legal e sistemas de cobrança – “moega”). Emergiu-se como principal fonte de conflito a transparência do sistema de controle e do uso de sementes salvas. Avaliou-se como “média” a geração de valor para os produtores quanto ao uso da tecnologia, por conta de: i) estabilidade da produtividade; ii) pouca redução de custos de produção; iii) dependência de um único princípio ativo (glyphosate) que acarretou resistência de plantas daninhas; e iv) dependência de armazenamento do produto em armazéns privados ou de cooperativas (com vistas à necessidade de segregação do produto final). Por fim, notou-se a necessidade de um aprimoramento no sistema de controle e cobrança da Monsanto diante da utilização da nova geração Soja Intacta RR2 Pro ®, bem como uma ação pública ou privada necessária para monitoramento do uso de sementes salvas e transparência no atual instrumento de controle.
Cultivo de Plantas Medicinais na Agricultura Familiar: Um Estudo de Caso
Authors: Stremel Elenice Parizotto , Grandi Adrana Maria de , Stremel Dile Pontarolo
Published: March 2016

O cultivo de plantas medicinais está presente nas características socioeconômicas da agricultura familiar dos municípios do interior do Estado do Paraná, onde os produtores têm encontrado desafios e necessidades, precisando adaptar-se às demandas crescentes relativas à produtividade. Buscando diagnosticar estas características, inicialmente propôs-se avaliar uma propriedade de plantas medicinais ligada ao Programa Cultivando Água Boa (CAB), da Itaipu Binacional, Bacia do Paraná III, que atende à Cooperativa de Produtos Orgânicos Gran Lago, situada em Vera Cruz do Oeste (PR). A metodologia envolveu a aplicação de um questionário elaborado com base no manual de boas práticas agrícolas do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA). Os resultados mostraram que a implantação de projetos vem contribuindo para capacitar a agricultura familiar. O diagnóstico também apontou limitações quanto às tecnologias preventivas, ao processamento, cultivo e comercialização de plantas medicinais na região.
Morfologia: Algumas notas sobre o conceito de morfema e os modelos estruturais de análise morfólogia
Authors: Oliveira Marco Antônio De
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Este texto procura apresentar uma orientação ao estudo do desenvolvimento da morfologia estrutural americana, desde Bloomfield (1926) até koutsoudas (1963), focalizando principalmente a evolução do conceito de morfema. São abordados aqui os principais modelos de análise morfológica (i.e., Item e arranjo, Item e Processo e o Método do Traço Comum) e são discutidas as suas diferenças no que se refere à segmentação, ao agrupamento e à alternância morfofonêmica.Abstract: This text is an orientation to the study of the development of American Structural Morphology, ranging from Bloomfield (1926) to koutsoudas (1963). One of the main points of this text has to do with the notion of morpheme and the ways in which it has changed through time. Also, I present here the main models for morphological analysis (i.c., Item and Arrangement, Item and Process and the Common Feature Method) and I discuss their differences in terms of segmentation, grouping and morphophonemic alternation.
Efectos de la Electividad en los Bloques de Estudio del Área de Matemáticas, sobre la Calidad del Aprendizaje en Entornos
Authors: Maldonado Currea Adriana , Ortega Ferreira Sandra Constanza , Moreno Salamanca María Carolina
Published: March 2016

El presente artículo contiene los resultados de la investigación realizada sobre los efectos de la electividad en el curso del área de matemáticas, sobre la calidad del aprendizaje en entornos virtuales, con estudiantes de pregrado de la Facultad de Estudios en Ambientes Virtuales de la Universidad EAN. En el estudio se comparó la calidad del aprendizaje en dos grupos expuestos a situaciones experimentales diferentes: en el primero bajo un modelo de electividad (grupo experimental) y en el segundo siguiendo un modelo de rigidez (grupo control). La electividad se abordó con la posibilidad de selección de temas a desarrollar por los estudiantes y los diferentes formatos de presentación de productos para lograr las competencias propuestas. Los resultados indican que el desempeño promedio de los estudiantes, su percepción frente a la metodología planteada y al comportamiento del tutor no son significativamente diferentes. Sin embargo se percibe una diferencia la cual sugiere que la electividad puede incidir en una mayor probabilidad de obtener un rendimiento sobresaliente.
Feminist Mothering: Challenging Gender Inequality by Resisting the Institution of Motherhood and Raising Children to be Critical Agents of Social Change.
Authors: Green Fiona Joy
Published: March 2016

In spite of the significant contributions of feminists to feminist theorizing and research on motherhood and mothering, only a few scholars are paying attention to the analysis of the potential of feminist mothering as a site of women’s strength and resistance to patriarchy and as a location of revolutionary activism. This article explores how the work of conscious feminist mothers can empower women to break free from the rules of patriarchal motherhood to create their own models of mothering and, in turn, practice the invaluable work of rearing children to be active conscientious citizens for social justice. Excerpts from several interviews with sixteen self-identified feminist mothers, conducted for a larger research project on feminist mothering, provide concrete examples of how having a feminist consciousness transform the work of mothering into both a “rewarding, disciplined expression of conscience” proposed by Ruddick, and a location of active social change theorized by Chodorow (1978) and Rich (1986)
Barry-Shaw, Nikolas and Dru Oja Jay. 2012. Paved with Good Intentions: Canada's Development NGOs from Idealism to Imperialism.
Authors: Johnston Evan
Published: March 2016

Barry-Shaw, Nikolas and Dru Oja Jay. 2012. Paved with Good Intentions: Canada's Development NGOs from Idealism to Imperialism.
Healing the Metabolic Rift between Farming and the Eco-System: Challenges Facing Organic Farmers in Canada and in Sweden
Authors: Clow Michael , McLaughlin Darrell
Published: March 2016

There is a growing list of scholarly and popular works which, when taken collectively, raise major concerns about industrialized farming and our present food system, particularly its impact on the natural environment. Over a century ago, Karl Marx used the concept “metabolic rift” to describe problems related to ecological and social sustainability resulting from capitalist industry and agriculture. in this paper, we examine the extent to which some members of today’s organic farming movement are addressing the metabolic rift and changing the social organization of food production.
Cohen On Rawls On Incentives and Equality
Authors: Narveson Jan
Published: March 2016

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Concepts, Conceptions and Principles of Justice
Authors: King Loren
Published: March 2016

G.A. Cohen argues that Rawlsian constructivism mistakenly conflates principles of justice with optimal rules of regulation, a confusion that arises out of how Rawls has us think about justice. I use the concepts/conceptions distinction to argue that while citizens may reasonably disagree about the substance and demands of justice, some principled convergence may be possible: we can agree upon regulative principles consistent with justice, as each of us understands it. Rawlian constructivism helps us find that principled convergence, and this too is a conception of justice. G.A. Cohen pense que le constructivisme confond les principes de justice avec les règles de régulation optimale, une confusion qui découle de la manière dont Rawls pense la justice. En utilisant la distinction entre les concepts et les conceptions, j'affirme que, bien que les citoyens puissent raisonnablement contester la substance et les exigences de la justice, un accord de principe est possible: nous pouvons convenir de principes régulateurs compatibles avec la justice, comme chacun de nous la comprend. Le constructivisme Rawlsien nous aide à trouver cet accord de principe, et cela aussi est une conception de la justice.
Sunera Thobani: A Very Public Intellectual
Authors: Carroll William K.
Published: March 2016

Sunera Thobani is a formidable activist and scholar. Through decades of activism and scholarship, spanning the globe from East Africa to Canada, via England and the United States, she has developed and applied a critical race feminist and anti-imperialist analysis of world capitalism and colonialism. As an activist, she is probably best known as the former President of the National Action Committee on the Status of Woman, Canada’s then largest feminist organization. During her tenure she sought to make anti-racism central to feminist struggles. In her academic work, she has developed critical race theory to cast new light on the dynamics around globalization, violence against women, reproductive technologies, social programmes, immigration and nation-building, and colonialism and war. In her research and teaching, she consistently combines her scholarship with community activism, including through her work at the Centre for Race, Autobiography, Gender and Age (RAGA), which she directs and which features active collaboration among community activists and university scholars and students. She is a founding member of the Canada-wide alliance, Researchers and Academics of Colour for Equity.

Sunera Thobani was educated at universities in England, the United States and received her PhD from Simon Fraser University in Canada. She is the author of numerous articles, both scholarly and for a more general public. Arguably her most well-known intervention is “War Frenzy,” a 2001 speech calling on women across Canada to oppose the Canadian support of the American-led invasion into Afghanistan. This intervention is now reproduced in a book of Great Canadian Speeches (2004). A frequently invited speaker in both her academic and activist capacities, she has addressed audiences across Canada, as well as in Austria, China, Denmark, England, India, Malaysia, Mexico, the Palestine Occupied Territories, the Philippines, and the United States. Sunera Thobani has co-edited several books on critical race theory and feminism and is the author of the widely-read Exalted Subjects: Studies in the Making of Race and Nation in Canada (2007). Her forthcoming Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) supported book is tentatively titled Media Representations of Gender and the War on Terror.

This interview was conducted by William K. Carroll in Vancouver, British Columbia in February 2012.
Treaties, Truths and Transgressive Pedagogies: Re-Imagining Indigenous Presence in the Classroom
Authors: Kovach Margaret
Published: March 2016

This essay contemplates the context of treaty and the values it offers as a way to imagine anew a just relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples within the particular context of education. It begins with a theoretical meandering of sorts, a ‘thinking it through piece’, and asks, ‘What does the treaty relationship, as envisioned by Indigenous peoples, teach us about critical and respectful pedagogy? What are the tensions and contradictions involved in teaching from and through treaty. The essay then explores the implications of a treaty lens within formal schooling through including both Indigenous and non-Indigenous perspectives. Situating treaty within identity, relationship, and a sacred dialogue, the focus is less on treaty or treaties themselves and but rather explores the spirit and possibility of ‘treaty’, as imagined by Indigenous peoples, in thinking about transgressive pedagogies and practicing transformative dialogue.
Book Reviews - Complete
Authors: Authors Various
Published: March 2016

Warner, Tom. 2010. Losing Control: Canada’s Social Conservatives in the Age of Rights. Toronto: Between the Lines. Reviewed by Lorna Erwin. Kinsman, Gary and Patrizia Gentile. 2010. The Canadian War on Queers: National Security as Sexual Regulation. Vancouver: UBC Press. Reviewed by Mathieu Brûlé. Thompson, Jon. 2011. No Debate: The Israel Lobby and Free Speech at Canadian Universities. Toronto: Lorimer. Reviewed by Alan Sears. Pawley, Howard. 2011. Keep True: A Life In Politics. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press. Reviewed by Errol Black. Stewart, Roderick and Sharon Stewart. 2011. Phoenix: The Life of Norman Bethune, Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press. Reviewed by Ken Collier. Lilley, Sasha. 2011. Capital and Its Discontents: Conversations with Radical Thinkers in a Time of Tumult. Reviewed by Thom Workman. McNally, David. 2011. Global Slump: The Economics and Politics of Crisis and Resistance. Oakland: PM Press. Reviewed by Bill Burgess. McBride, Stephen and Heather Whiteside. 2011. Private Affluence, Public Austerity: Economic Crisis and Democratic Malaise in Canada. Halifax: Fernwood. Reviewed by Joan McFarland. Harvey, David. 2010. The Enigma of Capital and the Crises of Capitalism. New York: Oxford University Press. Reviewed by Matthew Brett. Olsen, Gregg M. 2011. Power and Inequality: A Comparative Introduction. Don Mills: Oxford University Press. Reviewed by Larry Patriquin. Livingstone, David; Dorothy Smith and Warren Smith. 2011. Manufacturing Meltdown: Reshaping Steel Work. Halifax: Fernwood. Reviewed by Ann Duffy. Camfield, David. 2011. Canadian Labour in Crisis: Reinventing the Workers’ Movement. Halifax: Fernwood. Reviewed by Stephanie Ross. Webber, Jeffrey. 2011. From Rebellion to Reform in Bolivia. Chicago: Haymarket Books. Reviewed by Manuel Larrabure. Post, Charles. 2011. The American Road to Capitalism: Studies in Class Structure, Economic Development and Political Conflict, 1620-1877. Leiden: Brill. Reviewed by Jordy Cummings. Bannerji, Himani. 2011. Demography and Democracy: Essays on Nationalism, Gender and Ideology. Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press. Reviewed by Aziz Choudry. Wright, Erik Olin. 2010. Envisioning Real Utopias. London: Verso. Reviewed by Jeff Noonan.
The Productivity Mantra: The Profit Motive Versus The Public Good
Authors: Broad Dave
Published: March 2016

Capital accumulation is the essence of production in capitalist society. Consequently, corporations are constantly driven and workers exhorted to increase productivity in the interest of raising profits. Economic slumps and recessions are used as reasons to argue that there is a productivity crisis and push for increasing productivity at the expense of wages, benefits and social programming, as we see with the post-2007 Great Recession. This essay discusses these trends, theoretical and ideological arguments, and the need for a socialist alternative to the never-ending push to increase productivity for capital accumulation at the expense of workers’ rights and social welfare. L’accumulation du capital est l’essence de la production dans les sociétés capitalistes. En conséquence, les entreprises sont constamment obligées et les ouvriers constamment exhortés à augmenter leur productivité dans le but d’augmenter les profits. Les ralentissements de l’économie et les récessions sont utilisés pour justifier l’argument qu’il y a une crise de productivité et pour pousser pour plus de productivité aux dépens des salaires et des avantages associés et des programmes sociaux, comme nous le voyons avec la Grande Récession depuis 2007. Cet article analyse ces tendances, les arguments théoriques et idéologiques, et le besoin d’une alternative socialiste à la pression sans cesse renouvelée à l’augmentation de la productivité pour favoriser l’accumulation du capital aux dépens des droits des travailleurs et des droits sociales.
Philosophy at the Service of History: Marx and the need for critical philosophy today
Authors: Noonan Jeffrey
Published: March 2016

Marx is famous for apparently dismissing the practical role of philosophy. Yet, as accumulating empirical knowledge of growing life-crises proves, the simply availability of facts is insufficient to motivate struggles for fundamental change. So too manifest social crisis. The economic crisis which began in 2008 has indeed motivated social struggles, but nothing on the order of the revolutionary struggles Marx expected. Rather than make Marx irrelevant, however, the absence of global struggles for truly radical change make his early engagement with the role of philosophy more important than ever. This engagement suggests a conception of philosophy as a uniquely practical discipline distinguished from empirical science by its unique capacity to synthesise values from the facts of life. The article examines the development of this conception of philosophy in Marx’s early work and concludes with the outlines for a new critical philosophy capable of generating a new set of universal values necessary to motivate anti-capitalist struggles today. Si Hegel a raison et que la philosophie émerge toujours dans un monde social dans lequel les contradictions se sont fossilisées, où le pouvoir d'unification semble avoir disparu, alors notre monde est un monde qui a besoin de la philosophie. L’automne 2008 a été témoin du début d'une crise économique qui promet d’être la pire de sa génération. La crise économique est liée à une crise politique de la démocratie sur le long terme (même si la crise n’est pas typiquement reconnue comme telle), caractérisée à travers le monde par un retrait de la régulation de l’activité économique par l’Etat et (sous le prétexte de la ‘guerre contre le terrorisme’) l’hyperrégulation des vies publiques et privées des citoyens. Les crises économiques et politiques sont toutes deux enserrées dans une profonde crise environnementale provoquée par la croissance hypertrophiée de l’économie capitaliste dirigée par l’argent-comme-valeur. Si cette valeur est en crise parce qu’elle ne peut plus ‘unifier’ le monde social (elle est maintenant la cause et non pas la solution des problèmes fondamentaux de la vie humaine) alors la philosophie, si Hegel a raison, devrait être conviée en tant qu'unique pratique intellectuelle capable de générer une nouvelle synthèse sur la base des nouvelles valeurs (ou au moins une nouvelle articulation des anciennes valeurs).
Michael D. Mehta (Ed.),  Biotechnology Unglued: Science, Society & Social Cohesion.  Vancouver: UBC Press, 2005, 194 pp., $29.95 paper.
Authors: Inouye Kimiko
Published: March 2016

Biotechnology Unglued: Science, Society & Social Cohesion engages with issues such as farming, food safety, genetic database collections, DNA testing, bioprospecting, and intellectual property. The intention of editor Michael Mehta is to examine these issues in relation to how they impact the social cohesion of society, in particular of communities more directly impacted. For example, Mehta writes about how genetically engineered seed technologies have impacted farming communities in Canada, while Jacqueline Broerse and Joske Bunders examine how these same technologies affect smaller-scale, resource-poor farmers in the South, and Kyle Eischen discusses the implications for the Icelandic population as a result of the creation of a national Iceland Genetic Database, which is largely controlled by the DeCode Genetics company.
Stephen Harper: Authoritarian Partisan and Radical Social Conservative Ideologue?
Authors: Patten Steve
Published: March 2016

Martin, Lawrence. 2010. Harperland: The Politics of Control. Toronto: Viking Canada. ISBN 978-0-670-06517-2. Hardcover: 35.00 CAD. Pages: 301. Nadeau, Christian. 2011. Rogue in Power: Why Stephen Harper is Remaking Canada by Stealth. Toronto: Lorimer. ISBN 978-1-55277-730-5. Paperback: 22.95 CAD. Pages: 159.
Neither Bitch Nor Mother: Queering Safety in the Classroom
Authors: Fox Catherine O.
Published: March 2016

Reciprocity between teachers and students has been central to transformative pedagogies since the early work of Paulo Freire. However, realizing students as knowledge-producers is much more difficult. This article argues that typically it is the critical educator who “troubles” students’ ideological assumptions, often with the aim of culturally reproducing ourselves through what Michael Warner describes as reprosexuality. This places teachers at the center of the power/knowledge nexus and can foreclose the possibility of a dialogic relation with students in which the power of knowledge-making is a shared endeavor. Using a case study of a graduate course focused on feminist rhetorics and pedagogies in which maternal nurturance and safety in the classroom were central issues, this article explores how Judith Butler’s politics of recognition and vulnerability can serve to build truly reciprocal student-teacher relations and a renewed vision of the role of safety in the classroom.
Decolonizing the University: the Challenges and Possibilities of Inclusive Education
Authors: Dei George
Published: March 2016

This article argues for a reframing of the curriculum within the academy in order to make the academy more inclusive and more accessible to a diverse student body. Reframing the curriculum is seen as an aspect of decolonizing the university. Many questions emerge from this argument to include the following: What curriculum informs the education contemporary learners receive and how do they apply this to their academic and work lives? How do educators re-fashion their work as educators and also as learners to create more relevant understandings of what it means to be human and to determine what is human work? What are the limits and possibilities of visions of and counter and anti-visions to contemporary education? How do educators and learners challenge colonizing and imperializing relations within the academy and that influence the academy and its learners? How does curriculum become inclusive through teaching, research and graduate training and how does it make space for Indigeneity and multi-centric ways of knowing? How do we frame an inclusive, anti-racist, and anti-colonial global future and what is the work that is required to collectively arrive at that future? These complex questions, stimulated by my decolonizing curriculum work and experience, are engaged through the body of this article. 
Anderson, Mark Cronlund and Carmen L. Robertson. 2011. Seeing Red: A History of Natives in Canadian Newspapers.
Authors: Ferguson Sue
Published: March 2016

Anderson, Mark Cronlund and Carmen L. Robertson. 2011. Seeing Red: A History of Natives in Canadian Newspapers.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology: Gaining A Competitive Value Through Cloud Computing
Authors: Owunwanne Daniel
Published: March 2016

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) uses radio waves to track the movement of goods through the Supply Chain system. The identity of an object is captured with a unique serial number that is transmitted wirelessly to a computer system. Small businesses are facing RFID implementation barriers.  The barriers range from the perspective of the consumer-goods manufacturers and retail organizations.  We propose implementing RFID technology using cloud computing framework to alleviate or reduce the implementation cost which is the most prevalent barrier.
Szövegértés a matematikaórán
Authors: Varga Noémi Judit
Published: March 2016

Bár meglepő lehet a matematika és a szövegértés fogalmát összekapcsolni, a tanulmány célja annak bemutatása, hogy a két terület nem különül el élesen egymástól. Olyan iskolai helyzetben, mint például a matematikaórai szöveges feladatok megoldása, erősen befolyásolhatják is egymást. A gimnazisták körében végzett vizsgálat arra keresi a választ, hogy a szövegértési képesség mennyiben befolyásolja a matematikaórán előforduló szöveges feladatok megoldásának a sikerességét vagy éppen kudarcát, valamint hogy a szövegértés fejlesztésével javulhatnak-e a matematikai teljesítmények. A tanulmány további célja az, hogy felhívja a tanárok figyelmét a tantárgyi határok elmosódására, valamint a különböző szaktárgyakat tanító tanárok közötti együttműködés fontosságára. Emellett módszertani segédletet kíván nyújtani a matematikaórai szövegértés fejlesztéséhez.
К 100-летию со дня рождения В. Н. Грезе: страницы жизни
Authors: Грезе Е. В.
Published: March 2016

В публикации, посвящённой 100-летию со дня рождения доктора биологических наук, профессора, члена-корреспондента АН УССР Владимира Николаевича Грезе, описаны основные события его непростого жизненного пути. В статье использованы фотографии и документы из семейного архива Грезе.
Perancangan Simulasi Jaringan Virtual Berbasis Software-Define Networking
Authors: Ummah Izzatul
Published: March 2016

Software-Define Networking (SDN) adalah sebuah pendekatan baru untuk merancang, membangun dan mengelola jaringan komputer dengan memisahkan control plane dan data plane. Konsep utama pada SDN adalah sentralisasi jaringan, di mana semua pengaturan berada pada control plane. Protokol yang paling menonjol pada SDN yaitu OpenFlow. OpenFlow adalah protokol/standar komunikasi antarmuka yang berada antara control dan forwarding layer. Pada penelitian ini dibangun sebuah simulasi jaringan virtual berbasis SDN, menggunakan tool/aplikasi Mininet. Mininet yaitu aplikasi yang berbasis light-weight virtualization yang dapat menciptakan jaringan virtual yang realistis, mampu menjalankan real kernel, serta switch dan kode aplikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa simulasi jaringan virtual SDN telah bekerja dengan baik, berdasarkan hasil pengujian kinerja jaringan yang meliputi delay, jitter dan throughput, yang dilakukan dengan beberapa skenario yaitu topologi 2-switch, 4-switch , 8-switch dan 16-switch. Dengan jumlah switch yang meningkat, nilai delay dan jitter juga mengalami peningkatan namun masih memenuhi standard rekomendasi ITU-T, sedangkan untuk nilai throughput cenderung stabil baik untuk port TCP maupun UDP.
IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA WEIGHTED MOVING AVERAGE PADA (FUZZY EAs) UNTUK PERAMALAN KALENDER MASA TANAM BERBASIS CURAH HUJAN
Authors: Nhita Fhira
Published: March 2016

Peramalan merupakan proses memperkirakan sesuatu secara sistematis berdasarkan keadaan atau fakta sebelumnya. Peramalan bisa dilakukan melalui serangkaian metode ilmiah atau dengan subjektif belaka. Soft computing (SC) merupakan salah satu metode ilmiah yang dapat digunakan untuk kasus peramalan atau prediksi, Soft Computing (SC) memiliki Algoritma dasar yakni Fuzzy System, Artificial Neural Network  (ANN), dan Evolutionary Alghorithms (EAs). Pada Tugas akhir ini dilakukan penelitian mengenai peramalan kalender masa tanam tanaman jagung yang berbasis curah hujan di wilayah Soreang Kabupaten Bandung menggunakan salah satu jenis algoritma dasar Soft computing (SC) yakni Evolutionary Alghorithms (EAs). Data yang digunakan adalah data curah hujan wilayah Soreang Kabupaten Bandung selama 10 tahun terakhir (2006-2015), data ini akan melalui preprocessing terlebih dahulu dengan Weighted Moving Average (WMA). Pada representasi individu, EAs memiliki empat algoritma yang bisa digunakan, salah satunya Grammatical Evolution (GE) yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini. Selanjutnya, dalam tugas akhir ini digunakan logika Fuzzy untuk pengoptimasian GE, dengan cara mendefinisikan beberapa parameter pada awal running , agar proses dapat berjalan dengan baik. Hasil akhir yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa logika Fuzzy membantu meningkatkan performansi Eas dan Fuzzy EAs menghasilkan performansi peramalan kalender masa tanam sebesar 76,93%. Hasil peramalan akan digunakan untuk pembuatan kalender masa tanam di Kabupaten Bandung selama 13 (tiga belas) bulan yang dimulai pada Oktober 2014 sampai Oktober 2015.

 
EFEKTIVITAS DIET TERI TAWAR DAN SUPLEMENTASI KALSITRIOL UNTUK MENCEGAH OSTEOPOROSIS PADA TIKUS OVARIEKTOMI The Effectiveness of Fresh Anchovies Diet and Calcitriol Supplementation to Prevent Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats (The Effectiveness of Fresh Anchovies Diet and Calcitriol Supplementation to Prevent Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats)
Authors: H Hartiningsih , Anggraeni Devita , S Sudarminto
Published: March 2016

This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of a diet contained fresh anchovies and calcitriol supplementation for 6 weeks to prevent osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Fifteen Wistar rats aged 8 weeks were divided randomly into 3 groups (normal/K, ovariectomized/Ov, and ovariectomized + calcitriol/OVD), 5 mice each. Group K and Ov rats were fed with fresh anchovies, while the OVD group was fed with fresh anchovies + calcitriol. At the age of 15 weeks, all mice were done for euthanasia, then left femur was collected for immunohistochemistry examination of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase5b (TRAP5b). The detection of (TRAP5b) was conducted using a monoclonal ant ibody anti TRAP5b, and detected using a streptavidin-biotin. The results showed that the metaphysis part of distal femur bone of mice group K, Ov, and OVD were positive TRAP5b stained with brown color on trabecular bone in bone marrow cavity and trabecular spiculum surface, but rats in group K and Ov had extensive bone marrow cavity and normal trabecular spiculum, whereas OVD group showed bone marrow cavity dilation, accumulation of adipocytes in the bone marrow cavity, and shorter the spiculum of trabeculae. It can be concluded that fresh anchovies diet and calcitriol supplementation for 6 weeks are not effective in preventing osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.Key words: calcitriol, femur, ovariohisterectomy
PENINGKATAN TNF-α DAN INDEKS APOPTOSIS PADA TULANG MENCIT YANG DIINFEKSI Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Suwanti Lucia Tri , M Mufasirin
Published: March 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peningkatan tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) dan indeks apoptosis pada tulang mencit yang  diinfeksi Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Tiga puluh dua ekor mencit dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok 1 (K1), merupakan kelompok kontrol, tidak diinfeksi sedangkan Kelompok 2 (K2) diinfeksi dengan 10 takizoit T. gondii secara intraperitoneal. Enam hari setelah infeksi mencit dikorbankan, diambil tulang femur dan dilakukan pembuatan preparat histologis dengan pengecatan immunohistochemistry (IHC) dan Tunel assay. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah sel tulang yang mengekspresikan TNF-α pada K2 (27,04±6,92) berbeda sangat nyata dibandingkan dengan K1 (11,42±3,92). Indeks apoptosis pada K1 dan K2 masing-masing adalah 9,17±3,04 dan 16,28±3,37. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa infeksi T. gondii meningkatkan TNF-α dan indeks apoptosis sel tulang femur.
IDENTIFIKASI Escherichia coli O157:H7 PADA SUSU SAPI PERAH DAN LINGKUNGAN PETERNAKAN
Authors: Liem Tiong Gie Joshua , Drastini Yatri
Published: March 2016

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi Eschericia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 pada susu dan lingkungan peternakan sapi perah. Sampel berjumlah 77 yang terdiri atas 27 sampel susu dan 50 sampel lingkungan. Sampel susu berasal dari ambing sapi (14), milk can peternak (6), milk can tempat penampungan susu (4), dan cooling unit di koperasi (3). Sampel lingkungan berupa feses (14), air sumber dan air tandon (12), pakan (6), serta swab tangan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian minyak pelicin (17), dan tanah (1). Isolasi E. coli dari sampel menggunakan media pemerkaya kaldu brilliant green lactose bile Broth (BGLB), media selektif agar eosin methylene blue (EMB), dan agar sorbitol MacConkey (SMAC). Koloni bakteri yang tidak memfermentasi sorbitol pada SMAC (colorless) diidentifikasi dengan uji aglutinasi lateks O157 dan antisera H7. Identifikasi bakteri dari sampel susu menunjukkan 7,41% (2/27) sampel teridentifikasi E. coli O157. Susu tersebut berasal dari ambing sapi dan milk can peternak. Bakteri E. coli O157 yang teridentifikasi dari sampel lingkungan (sampel pakan) sebanyak 2% (1/50). Hasil uji aglutinasi antisera terhadap tiga sampel positif O157 menunjukkan bahwa ketiganya tidak memiliki antigen H7 dan disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada sampelsusu dan lingkungan yang tercemar E. coli O157:H7.