bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of machine learning and statistical models for cotton yield prediction in major growing districts of Karnataka, India
Authors: Thimmegowda M. N. , Manjunatha M. H. , Lingaraj H. , Soumya D. V. , Jayaramaiah R. , Sathisha G. S. , Nagesha L.
Published: February 2025

Background

Cotton is one of the most important commercial crops after food crops, especially in countries like India, where it’s grown extensively under rainfed conditions. Because of its usage in multiple industries, such as textile, medicine, and automobile industries, it has greater commercial importance. The crop’s performance is greatly influenced by prevailing weather dynamics. As climate changes, assessing how weather changes affect crop performance is essential. Among various techniques that are available, crop models are the most effective and widely used tools for predicting yields.

Results

This study compares statistical and machine learning models to assess their ability to predict cotton yield across major producing districts of Karnataka, India, utilizing a long-term dataset spanning from 1990 to 2023 that includes yield and weather factors. The artificial neural networks (ANNs) performed superiorly with acceptable yield deviations ranging within ± 10% during both vegetative stage (F1) and mid stage (F2) for cotton. The model evaluation metrics such as root mean square error (RMSE), normalized root mean square error (nRMSE), and modelling efficiency (EF) were also within the acceptance limits in most districts. Furthermore, the tested ANN model was used to assess the importance of the dominant weather factors influencing crop yield in each district. Specifically, the use of morning relative humidity as an individual parameter and its interaction with maximum and minimum temperature had a major influence on cotton yield in most of the yield predicted districts. These differences highlighted the differential interactions of weather factors in each district for cotton yield formation, highlighting individual response of each weather factor under different soils and management conditions over the major cotton growing districts of Karnataka.

Conclusions

Compared with statistical models, machine learning models such as ANNs proved higher efficiency in forecasting the cotton yield due to their ability to consider the interactive effects of weather factors on yield formation at different growth stages. This highlights the best suitability of ANNs for yield forecasting in rainfed conditions and for the study on relative impacts of weather factors on yield. Thus, the study aims to provide valuable insights to support stakeholders in planning effective crop management strategies and formulating relevant policies.
Identification of key biomarkers in breast cancer based on bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification
Authors: Huan Yu , She Ping , Cai Xushan , Qi Jiehua , Zhang Chunli
Published: February 2025

Background

Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor characterized by a high incidence rate and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. This study aims to identify key genes and potential prognostic biomarkers using a bioinformatics approach.

Methods

Three microarray datasets, GSE86374, GSE120129, and GSE29044, were downloaded from the GEO database. GEO2R and Venn diagram software were employed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while DAVID was utilized for functional enrichment analysis. Subsequently, STRING and Cytoscape were used to construct the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network among the DEGs. UALCAN, GEPIA, and the Kaplan–Meier plotter were employed for prognostic analysis. Following this, the correlations and alterations of key genes were examined using cBioPortal. Finally, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to validate the expression levels of the key genes.

Results

A total of 323 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. From the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, 37 hub genes were selected. Validation using UALCAN, GEPIA, and Kaplan–Meier plotters revealed that three key genes—RACGAP1, SPAG5, and KIF20A—were significantly overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer (BC), as well as advanced tumor staging. The correlations and alterations of these key genes, as demonstrated on cBioPortal, indicated that their alterations co-occurred. Experimental verification through immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed that the proteins of these key genes were highly expressed in tumor tissues.

Conclusions

The key genes identified in this study can enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer (BC). Additionally, these genes may serve as potential sensitive biomarkers for patients with BC.
The mediating role of brand image in the relationship between storytelling marketing and purchase intention: case study of PX mart
Authors: Chang Joshua
Published: February 2025

This paper examines an understudied aspect of narrative-based marketing by analyzing the mediating role of brand image in the relationship between storytelling marketing and purchase intention, using PX Mart as a case study. Although prior research highlights the significance of storytelling in fostering consumer engagement, relatively few investigations have systematically addressed how the specific dimensions of storytelling—credibility, resonance, and extensibility—shape brand image and, subsequently, purchase intention. This study fills that gap by offering a novel perspective on how narrative-based strategies can enhance brand value and drive consumer behavior. A quantitative research design was adopted, involving the administration of a structured questionnaire to PX Mart customers. A quantitative research design was adopted, involving the administration of a structured questionnaire to PX Mart customers. To validate the current relevance of the findings, a supplementary qualitative survey was also conducted. Three dimensions of storytelling marketing were evaluated to determine their respective impacts on brand image and purchase intention. Guided by Baron and Kenny’s (1986) mediation model, multiple regression and mediation analyses were performed to explore how storytelling indirectly influences purchase intention through brand image. Results indicate that storytelling marketing significantly increases purchase intention, with brand image serving as a partial mediator. Among the three dimensions, credibility exerts the most pronounced direct effect on both brand image and purchase intention, while resonance and extensibility also yield positive, though comparatively smaller, effects. These findings underscore the importance of brand image as a mediator that links storytelling marketing to consumer purchase behavior, thereby making a novel theoretical contribution to branding research. From a practical standpoint, these insights provide marketers with concrete strategies for enhancing brand loyalty and consumer purchasing through storytelling. By focusing on credibility, resonance, and extensibility in their brand narratives, businesses can more effectively reinforce brand image and influence buying decisions—an approach particularly relevant for retail and consumer goods sectors seeking to forge deeper emotional connections with their audiences.
Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency (AGHD) and Outcomes (NordiNet and ANSWER)
Authors: Carmichael John D , Kargi Atil Y , Dichtel Laura , Kelepouris Nicky , Nedjatian Navid , Fridman Moshe , Weber Matthias M
Published: February 2025

Adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) is a rare disease with both physiological and psychological effects for untreated patients. AGHD symptoms can improve over time with growth hormone (GH) treatment. Here, we have analyzed the long-term effectiveness and safety of short-acting growth hormone replacement therapy (GHRT) in treatment naïve and non-naïve patients with AGHD using real-world data from the NordiNet® International Outcome Study and American Norditropin® Studies: Web Enabled Research Program. Outcomes were compared between 3 age groups, comprised of patients aged 18 to 29 years, 30 to 39 years, and 40 to 59 years. The safety outcome was the incidence of nonserious and serious adverse reactions and serious adverse events by age group. Efficacy outcomes included mean GH exposure by age group alone, by sex and age group, or based on estrogen usage in female patients; IGF-I SDS levels by sex and age group; Mean HbA1c by sex and age group; and mean non-HDL cholesterol by sex and age group. The incidence rates of adverse events and reactions did not statistically differ between the 3 groups. Mean insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) standard deviation score (SDS) levels reached a normal range (-2 to 2) in ≥80% of patients from all groups in the effectiveness analysis set by year 2. Together with previous reports of older patients, these results support the real-world safety and efficacy of short-acting GHRT among all ages of patients with AGHD.
Προσδιορισμός των κυριότερων ηθικών και ηγετικών χαρακτηριστικών ενός εκπαιδευτικού στελέχους
Authors: Σπυριδάκης Αντώνιος , Αργυροπούλου Ελευθερία , Λιντζεράκου Ελισσάβετ
Published: February 2025

Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν ο ακριβής προσδιορισμός της έννοιας του «καλού» εκπαιδευτικού στελέχους μέσω της   ανίχνευσης των σημαντικότερων ηθικών και ηγετικών χαρακτηριστικών του. Στην κατεύθυνση αυτή, κρίθηκε απαραίτητη η συμμετοχή αποκλειστικά εν ενεργεία εκπαιδευτικών στελεχών (Διευθυντών σχολικών μονάδων). Ο προσδιορισμός των κυριότερων ηθικών και ηγετικών χαρακτηριστικών ενός εκπαιδευτικού στελέχους επιτεύχθηκε ως εξής:
Μέσω βιβλιογραφικής έρευνας εντοπίστηκαν τα δέκα (10) κυριότερα ηθικά και τα έντεκα (11) κυριότερα ηγετικά χαρακτηριστικά ενός ηγέτη. Στη συνέχεια, αρχικά σε πιλοτική έρευνα είκοσι πέντε (25) Διευθυντών και Διευθυντριών σχολικών μονάδων πρωτοβάθμιας και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης, και στη συνέχεια στην κυρίως έρευνα, με εκατό (100) συμμετέχοντες από όλες τις περιφέρειες της χώρας, ζητήθηκε ο προσδιορισμός των πέντε (5) σημαντικότερων χαρακτηριστικών από κάθε κατηγορία και η κατάταξη σπουδαιότητάς τους. Η δικαιοσύνη, η ακεραιότητα και η ψυχραιμία (πραότητα) τοποθετήθηκαν από τα ερωτώμενα στελέχη στην κορυφή των κυριότερων ηθικών αρετών ενός εκπαιδευτικού στελέχους, ενώ οι οργανωτικές δεξιότητες, η ικανότητα έμπνευσης των υφισταμένων και η ενσυναίσθηση επιλέχθηκαν ως τα σημαντικότερα ηγετικά χαρακτηριστικά του.
A streamlined workflow for long-read DNA methylation analysis with NanoMethViz and Bioconductor
Authors: Su Shian , Xiao Lucinda , Lancaster James , Cameron Tamara , Breslin Kelsey , Hickey Peter F. , Blewitt Marnie E. , Gouil Quentin , Ritchie Matthew E.
Published: February 2025

Long-read sequencing technologies have transformed the field of epigenetics by enabling direct, single-base resolution detection of DNA modifications, such as methylation. This produces novel opportunities for studying the role of DNA methylation in gene regulation, imprinting, and disease. However, the unique characteristics of long-read data, including the modBAM format and extended read lengths, necessitate the development of specialised software tools for effective analysis. The NanoMethViz package provides a suite of tools for loading in long-read methylation data, visualising data at various data resolutions. It can convert the data for use with other Bioconductor software such as bsseq, DSS, dmrseq and edgeR to discover differentially methylated regions (DMRs). In this workflow article, we demonstrate the process of converting modBAM files into formats suitable for comprehensive downstream analysis. We leverage NanoMethViz to conduct an exploratory analysis, visually summarizing differences between samples, examining aggregate methylation profiles across gene and CpG islands, and investigating methylation patterns within specific regions at the single-read level. Additionally, we illustrate the use of dmrseq for identifying DMRs and show how to integrate these findings into gene-level visualization plots. Our analysis is applied to a triplicate dataset of haplotyped long-read methylation data from mouse neural stem cells, allowing us to visualize and compare the characteristics of the parental alleles on chromosome 7. By applying DMR analysis, we recover DMRs associated with known imprinted genes and visualise the methylation patterns of these genes summarised at single-read resolution. Through DMR analysis, we identify DMRs associated with known imprinted genes and visualize their methylation patterns at single-read resolution. This streamlined workflow is adaptable to common experimental designs and offers flexibility in the choice of upstream data sources and downstream statistical analysis tools.
Insights into an innovative point of care ultrasound curriculum for Ontario primary maternity care providers
Authors: Johnston Bronte K. , Darling Elizabeth , Malott Anne , Kras Susan , Bernacci Carol , Thomas Laura , Murray-Davis Beth
Published: February 2025

Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) has increasingly been used by midwives worldwide. In 2018, the scope of midwifery care in Ontario was expanded to include POCUS to allow practitioners to provide more comprehensive care. In response to the scope expansion, a new continuing POCUS education course was created in collaboration with faculty and clinicians from obstetrics, midwifery, and medical radiation sciences. The continuing education sonography course focused on fostering the knowledge, skills and judgment Ontario midwives required to safely perform these new POCUS skills. The course included online modules, a two-day hands-on bootcamp workshop, and a clinical practicum under the supervision of a sonographer to confirm competency across the three trimesters of pregnancy. This paper outlines the process for POCUS curriculum development and implementation in pregnancy care following course completion. The first cohort of 17 learners completed the course in 2019. The new curriculum was well received by learners for learning and applying bedside sonography in clinical care. The indications to use POCUS most frequently reported by learners after course completion included assessment of pregnancy viability and fetal presentation. Challenges identified by participants with the course included learning new content such as physics and struggling to complete the clinical practicum due to the coronavirus pandemic. The success of this course is indicated by the completion of the objective structured clinical exams for all learners and meeting the competencies for beginning their practicum. The POCUS continuing education course plays an important role in providing the knowledge, skills and ability to perform point of care pregnancy scans among midwives.
Incidence, risk and impact of ICU readmission on patient outcomes and resource utilisation in tertiary level ICUs in Nepal: A cohort study
Authors: Aryal Diptesh , Paneru Hem Raj , Koirala Sabin , Khanal Sushil , Acharya Subhash Prasad , Karki Arjun , Dona Dilanthi Gamaga , Haniffa Rashan , Beane Abi , Salluh Jorge I F
Published: February 2025

Background Readmissions to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) result in increased morbidity, mortality, and ICU resource utilisation (e.g. prolonged mechanical ventilation), and as such, is a widely utilised metric of quality of critical care. Most of the evidence on incidence, characteristics, associated risk factors and attributable outcomes of readmission to ICU are from studies performed in high-income countries This study explores the determinants of risk attributable to ICU readmission in four ICUs in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods The registry reported data on case mix, severity of illness, in-ICU interventions (including organ support), ICU outcome, and readmission characteristics. Data were captured in all adult patients admitted between September 2019 and February 2021. Population and ICU encounter characteristics were compared between those with and without readmission. Independent risk factors for readmission were assessed using univariate analysis. Results In total 2955 patients were included in the study. Absolute ICU readmission rate was 5.69 % (n=168) for all four ICUs. Median time from ICU discharge to readmission was 3 days (IQR=8,1). Of those readmitted, 29.17% (n=49) were discharged at night following their index admission. ICU mortality was higher following readmission to ICU(p=0.016) and mortality was increased further in patients whose primary index discharge was at night(p= 0.019). Primary diagnosis, age, and use of organ support in the first 24hrs of index admission were all independently attributable risk factors for readmission. Conclusions ICU readmission rates were adversely associated with significantly poorer outcomes, increased ICU resource utilisation. Clinical and organisational characteristics influenced risk of readmission and outcome.
Acceptability trial of local Indonesian snack (SISTIK) enriched with chicken liver and eggshell powder as a potential food to increase micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age
Authors: Zuhairini Yenni , Suryanto Aghnia Husnayiani , Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah , Anshari Mohammad Brachim , Rizqi Haidar , Fathonah Annisha , Purnamasari Afini Dwi , Pangasih Afiyah Hadiyanti , Jihadillah Ayunda , Puspita Dina Novtyana , Luftimas Dimas Erlangga , Rahmannia Sofa , Fahmida Umi , Gibson Rosalind , Diana Aly
Published: February 2025

Background Chronic micronutrient deficiencies in Indonesian women and young children contribute to poor foetal and infant growth. To address this, we formulated micronutrient-enriched crackers (MEC) incorporating nutrient-rich chicken liver, rich in iron, zinc, vitamin A, and B vitamins, along with powdered eggshells as a calcium source. Known locally as 'sistik,' MEC may provide a sustainable solution to improve micronutrient intakes. This study evaluated MEC acceptability among non-pregnant women of reproductive age to ensure safety and feasibility before extending future research to pregnant and lactating populations. Methods A single-blinded, two-phase acceptability trial involved 81 non-pregnant women aged 19-35 years in Ujung Berung Sub-district, Bandung City, Indonesia. In Phase 1, participants sampled both MEC and standard wheat crackers (SWC) in a test feeding session and rated each product using a 7-point cued facial response scale, evaluating colour, smell, flavour, and texture. In Phase 2, participants were randomly assigned to receive a 14-day home supply (75 g/day) of either MEC (n=41) or SWC (n=40). Adherence was determined by weighing unconsumed products. Data were analysed using mixed linear model for liking scores and a t-test for adherence. Results MEC received favourable ratings, with no significant differences compared to SWC in liking scores for colour (MEC 4.5±1.2 vs. SWC 5.4±0.9), smell (MEC 4.9±1.5 vs. SWC 5.6±0.9), flavour (MEC 4.9±1.4 vs. SWC 5.6±0.9), and texture (MEC 5.4±1.0 vs. SWC 5.7±0.8); p-value > 0.05. Average daily consumption over 14 days was comparable between groups (MEC: 50.8±23.0 g vs. SWC: 51.0±20.0 g; mean difference: -0.2 g; 95% CI: -6.5 to 6.1; p-value = 0.802). Conclusions MEC demonstrates reasonable acceptability and feasibility as a daily snack, supporting its potential as a dietary intervention to improve women’s micronutrient intake and reduce infant stunting, especially among those women who found it appealing. Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04564222, 25th September 2020).
Dietary and related data collected during pregnancy in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)
Authors: Taylor Caroline M , Northstone Kate , Golding Jean , Jones Louise , Buckland Genevieve , Emmett Pauline M
Published: February 2025

The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a longitudinal birth cohort study based in the south-west of the UK. Pregnant women resident in and around the city of Bristol with expected delivery dates between 1 April 1991 and 31 December 1992 were invited to take part. The initial number of pregnancies enrolled was 14,541. Four questionnaires were sent to women through the post during pregnancy (including a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at 32 weeks) for self-completion; excluding withdrawals and exclusions, 11,978 FFQ records are available (April 2024). The main part of the FFQ at 32 weeks comprised questions on the weekly frequency of consumption of 43 food groups and food items. More detailed questions covered a further eight foods/drinks normally consumed daily. The data were used to derive daily nutrient intakes for each participant. Dietary patterns were derived using principal components analysis. Together with the diverse ALSPAC resource containing detailed data on demographics, lifestyle, environment, genetics and health, these data form a unique resource for the study of: (1) maternal diet in pregnancy, fetal/child development and their life course; (2) women’s diet and their life course.
The genome sequence of the Common Sheetweb Spider Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757)
Authors: Sivell Olga , Sivell Duncan ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2025

We present a genome assembly from a male Andrena chrysosceles (Hawthorn Mining Bee; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Andrenidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 520.22 megabases. Most of the assembly (68.55%) is scaffolded into 4 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 21.08 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 12,610 protein-coding genes.
Trauma counseling centers for psychological support to manage trauma
from workplace injuries in Korea: a narrative review
Authors: Kim Chang Sook , Kong Jeong-Ok , Koo Jung-Wan
Published: February 2025

This review describes a psychological support service designed to address
post-traumatic stress disorder in workers impacted by workplace injuries,
assisting in their recovery and facilitating their return to work. It explores
the rationale and context behind establishing trauma counseling centers for
these individuals, along with the status, roles, future directions, and
recommendations for these centers. The review details the operational framework
and functions of the workplace injury trauma management program, the scope of
the impacts of such injury, the groups targeted for crisis intervention, and the
psychological interventions tailored to each stage of recovery. Initiated as a
pilot project in 2018, trauma counseling centers for workers have gradually
become more common, with 23 centers in operation across Korea as of 2024.
Exchanges for Government Bonds? Evidence During COVID-19
Authors: Kutai Ari , Nathan Daniel , Wittwer Milena
Published: February 2025

We leverage the unique institutional feature that the Israeli government bond market operates on an exchange rather than over-the-counter to analyze whether and why having an exchange affects market liquidity during a crisis. We document how the liquidity crisis in March 2020 affected the Israeli government bond market and conduct difference-in-differences analyses, comparing bid-ask spreads in exchange markets, such as the Israeli government bond market, with markets lacking an exchange. Our findings support the idea that having an exchange enhances market liquidity. A counterfactual analysis using trade data from the Israeli exchange suggests that this is due to the ability of investors to readily provide liquidity to one another and the efficient netting of trade flows on an exchange.

This paper was accepted by Lukas Schmid, finance.

Supplemental Material: The online appendices and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.02344 .
Pre-crime, hyper-vigilance and the over-surveillance of migrant-heritage families in ‘FGM-safeguarding’ in England and Wales
Authors: Pantazis Christina , Carver Natasha , Karlsen Saffron , Mogilnicka Magda , White Rebecca
Published: February 2025

This article investigates the role of pre-emptive policies and practices aiming to eliminate female genital cutting/mutilation (FGC/M) in England and Wales. We argue that the Serious Crime Act 2015, with its focus on pre-empting, uncovering and punishing FGC/M, represents a milestone in the development of a pre-crime society. By combining data collected from focus groups with migrant-heritage families living in Bristol in 2018 and data on state practices obtained via Freedom of Information requests in 2022, we provide unique insights into the nature and unfolding harmful impacts of hyper-vigilance and over-surveillance associated with the pre-emptive justice elements of the 2015 Act. In doing so, we expose the role played by the central government in ‘institutionalising racism’ within the police and social work. Facilitating an effective challenge to these issues requires social work professionals to engage reflexively in anti-racist and anti-oppressive practice and to drive new discussions about decolonialism within the profession.
Direct generation of 3.5 optical-cycle pulses from rare-earth laser
Authors: Zhao Yongguang , Zhang Ning , Wang Yinyin , Ding Heng , Liang Fei , Xu Jun , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin , Petrov Valentin
Published: February 2025

Unlike the conventional mode-locked laser where cooling system is normally used for the gain medium, here, we propose a new strategy to originally extend the modelocked bandwidth through increasing the crystal temperature. Mode-locking of thulium-laser with superbroadband (> 600 nm) centered at 2.05-μm has been realized, corresponding to a pulse duration of 26 fs (3.5 optical cycles), which represents the shortest pulses ever achieved from the Tm/Ho-lasers in the 2-μm spectral range and the fewest cycles from all the present-day RElasers. This work, as a proof of principle study, opens a new route for mode-locked laser towards direct generation of extremely short pulses.
The Impact of integrated management of childhood illness training on knowledge levels of healthcare workers in Botswana
Authors: Gare Kebayaone P. , Siamisang Keatlaretse , Ramogalana Keemenao , Mafala Omphemetse , Salepito Orontshamang , Seobakeng Marinah , Kuate-Lere Lesego , Tlhakanelo John T.
Published: February 2025

The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy was developed to improve outcomes through integration of preventive and curative interventions in countries with high mortality. This study aimed to assess the impact of IMCI training on the knowledge levels of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Botswana, comparing the trained with the non-trained. This was a cross-sectional study from a national IMCI survey across all 27-health districts of Botswana in September 2023. Within each district, random sampling was used to select 10 healthcare facilities (HCFs) to be included in the survey. HCFs were ordered by their size to ensure that all types were represented. The demographics, training and qualifications of the HCWs were documented. Stata 13.1 software was used for analysis, and data was summarized with frequencies and percentages. Pearson’s chi square test was used to compare the performances of IMCI trained versus non-IMCI trained HCWs. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 964 HCWs participated in the survey. The most frequent cadre was General Nurse with 385 (40.7%) participants. Participants trained in IMCI were 471 (49.2%) and those who consult sick children were 615 (65.1%). Those who were IMCI trained had good (80–100%) and moderate (60–79%) knowledge levels at 51 (14.1%) and 91 (25.2%) participants respectively than those who had no IMCI training at 25 (9.9%) for good and 52 (20.6%) for moderate performances. HCWs who were not IMCI trained had poor performance (0-59%) at 175 (69.4%) participants while the IMCI trained had poor performance at 219 (60.7%). The performances showed no statistically significant difference (p = 0.092), reflective of similar knowledge levels. Overall, the performance of IMCI trained HCWs was not significantly different from those not IMCI trained, translating to that IMCI training does not have effect on knowledge levels of HCWs in management of childhood illness. This, however, should be interpreted with caution since it could be due to the stated study limitations. A future IMCI study on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) or a longitudinal study would be more beneficial.
Enhancing communication in healthcare: Supports for interactions between adults with hearing loss and healthcare providers
Authors: Garcia Ana Carla , Arabi Ali , Croteau Claire , de Lacerda Adriana Bender Moreira
Published: February 2025

Background

Communication between a healthcare provider and an adult with hearing loss can be challenging and potentially contribute to health outcomes. To overcome this challenge, researchers have called for urgent multidisciplinary action on communication support in hearing healthcare.

Objective

This scoping review examines the existing literature on communication support that can be provided to adults with hearing loss during their interactions with healthcare professionals.

Methods

An online search was conducted using EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. All studies were imported into the Covidence platform for screening. The studies included in this analysis were published in English between 2013 and 2024.

Results

Twelve articles were included in this review, and seven themes were identified: supportive nonverbal strategies, supportive verbal strategies, human support, environmental and physical adaptations, technological support, education and training, and psychological support and counseling.

Conclusions

When communicating with a healthcare provider, adults with hearing loss can be assisted through supportive communication strategies.
Protective effects of psychiatric medications against COVID-19 mortality before vaccines
Authors: Machado-Vieira Rodrigo , Krause Trudy M. , Jones Gregory , Teixeira Antonio L. , Shahani Lokesh R. , Lane Scott D. , Soares Jair C. , Truong Chau N.
Published: February 2025

The coronavirus disease pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which emerged in the United States in late 2019 to early 2020 and quickly escalated into a national public health crisis. Research has identified psychiatric conditions as possible risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection and symptom severity. This study aims to determine whether specific classes of psychiatric medications could reduce the likelihood of infection and alleviate the severity of the disease. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between neuropsychiatric medication usage and COVID-19 outcomes before the widespread utilization of COVID-19 vaccines. This cross-sectional study used Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database to identify patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in 2020 and their psychiatric medication prescriptions in the United States. Ordered logistic regression was used to predict the likelihood of a higher COVID-19 severity level for long-term and new users. Results were adjusted for demographic characteristics and medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Most users were classified into the long-term user analysis group. Long-term users were 9% less likely to have a higher severity score (CI: 0.89–0.93, p-value < 0.001) than non-users. SSRI antidepressant users, both long-term (OR: 1.09; CI: 1.06–1.12) and short-term (OR: 1.17; CI: 1.07–1.27) were significantly more likely to have a lower severity score. However, the results varied across long-term and short-term users for all medication classes. Results of the current study suggest that psychopharmacological agents are associated with reduced COVID-19 severity levels and that antidepressant medications may have a protective role against COVID-19.
Estimating the dietary and health impact of implementing mandatory front-of-package nutrient disclosures in the US: A policy scenario modeling analysis
Authors: Flexner Nadia , Zaltz Daniel , Greenthal Eva , Musicus Aviva A. , Ahmed Mavra , L’Abbe Mary R.
Published: February 2025

Background

Recognized as a cost-effective policy to promote healthier diets, mandatory front-of-package labeling (FOPL) identifying foods high in sodium, sugar, and saturated fat has been adopted and implemented in ten countries, and is currently under consideration in several others including the US. However, its potential impact on dietary intake and health have not yet been estimated in the US context.

Objectives

To estimate (1) the potential dietary impact of implementing mandatory nutrient-specific ‘high in’ FOPL among US adults; and (2) the number of diet related non-communicable disease (NCD) deaths that could be averted or delayed due to estimated dietary changes.

Methods

Baseline and counterfactual dietary intakes of sodium, sugars, saturated fats, and calories were estimated among US adults (n = 7,572) using both available days of 24h recall data from the 2017–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The National Cancer Institute method was used to estimate usual intakes and distributions, adjusting for age, sex, misreporting status, weekend/weekday, and sequence of recall. To estimate counterfactual dietary intakes, we modeled two reduction scenarios observed in experimental and observational studies that examined changes in sodium, sugars, saturated fat and calorie content of food and beverage purchases due to nutrient-specific ‘high in’ FOPL. This study used the Preventable Risk Integrated ModEl (PRIME) to estimate potential health impacts.

Results

Estimated mean dietary reductions of 156 mg and 259 mg/day of sodium, 10.1 g and 7.2 g/day of sugars, 1.08 g and 4.49 g/day of saturated fats, and 38 kcal and 57 kcal/day of calories were observed under the two policy scenarios tested. Between 96,926 (95% UI 89,011–105,284) and 137,261 (95% UI 125,534–148,719) diet related NCD deaths, primarily from cardiovascular diseases (74%), could potentially be averted or delayed by implementing mandatory nutrient-specific FOPL in the US. Overall, more lives would be saved in males than females.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that implementing mandatory nutrient-specific ‘high in’ FOPL in the US could significantly reduce sodium and total sugar intakes among US adults, resulting in a substantial number of NCD related deaths that could be averted or delayed. Our results can inform current food policy developments in the US regarding the adoption and implementation of FOPL regulations.
Optimizing Bi-LSTM networks for improved lung cancer detection accuracy
Authors: Diao Su , Wan Yajie , Huang Danyi , Huang Shijia , Sadiq Touseef , Khan Mohammad Shahbaz , Hussain Lal , Alkahtani Badr S. , Mazhar Tehseen
Published: February 2025

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with low survival rates often attributed to late-stage diagnosis. To address this critical health challenge, researchers have developed computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems that rely on feature extraction from medical images. However, accurately identifying the most informative image features for lung cancer detection remains a significant challenge. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of both hand-crafted and deep learning-based approaches for lung cancer diagnosis. We employed traditional hand-crafted features, such as Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) features, in conjunction with traditional machine learning algorithms. To explore the potential of deep learning, we also optimized and implemented a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) network for lung cancer detection. The results revealed that the highest performance using hand-crafted features was achieved by extracting GLCM features and utilizing Support Vector Machine (SVM) with different kernels, reaching an accuracy of 99.78% and an AUC of 0.999. However, the deep learning Bi-LSTM network surpassed both methods, achieving an accuracy of 99.89% and an AUC of 1.0000. These findings suggest that the proposed methodology, combining hand-crafted features and deep learning, holds significant promise for enhancing early lung cancer detection and ultimately improving diagnosis systems.
Values, motivation, and physical activity among Chinese sport sciences students
Authors: Liang Yan , Rascle Olivier , Yang Jian , Souchon Nicolas
Published: February 2025

Different studies have shown that values and motivation predict physical activity, but no study has tested how values and motivation may interact to predict physical activity. Specifically, the present research aimed to test how values and motivation toward physical activity measured within the SDT could predict global physical activity among Chinese sports science students. The indirect effects of openness to change and self-transcendence values on predicting physical activity through autonomous motivation were significant. These results help us understand how highly abstract psychological constructs such as values may influence physical activity through motivation. Studying values combined with motivation may help better understand the factors that motivate or inhibit physical activity.
Virtual voyage: Unveiling the ‘3I’ influence on student learning
Authors: Fan Shuangshuang , Wang Shali , Mbanyele William , Chen Yu , Miao Shunfang , Long Ruping
Published: February 2025

This study delves into the multifaceted “3I” technological attributes of metaverse classrooms—namely perceived immersion, perceived interaction, and perceived imagination—and their interplay with psychological imagery and representational ability. This investigation seeks to elucidate the nexus between these constructs and their collective influence on students’ learning outcomes. To achieve this, an integrative conceptual model has been meticulously constructed, encapsulating the dynamic interrelationships between the “3I” characteristics and the pivotal cognitive factors of psychological imagery and representational ability. Employing a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach, an empirical inquiry was conducted on a dataset comprising 930 meticulously validated questionnaires. The analysis yielded significant findings: perceived immersion and perceived interaction were found to exert a direct and positive influence on learning outcomes. Furthermore, psychological imagery emerged as a central mediator in the pathway from metaverse classroom characteristics to learning outcomes. Representational ability was identified to have dual roles, exerting both positive and negative moderating effects on the relationship between perceived imagination and learning outcomes, as well as between psychological imagery and learning outcomes.The study’s empirical evidence offers substantial theoretical and empirical validation for the practical application and strategic refinement of metaverse-based educational practices. It underscores the imperative to account for individual differences and to foster immersive and interactive learning environments. Additionally, the study highlights the untapped potential of perceived imagination in enhancing learning outcomes, suggesting a rich vein for future research.
Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among road traffic accident survivors in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aytenew Tigabu Munye , Legas Getasew , Kebede Solomon Demis , Kassaw Amare , Demissie Biruk , Nigat Adane Birhanu , Abere Yirgalem , Kefale Demewoz , Munie Birhanu Mengist
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Road traffic accidents have become a global public health issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Road Safety Report 2018, there are over 1.35 million deaths related to road traffic accidents (RTAs) annually. Although several primary studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence and associated factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among RTA survivors in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), these studies have reported inconsistent findings. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence and associated factors of PTSD among RTA survivors in SSA.

Methods

The studies were accessed through the Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using search terms. Moreover, citation tracking was also performed. A random-effects DerSimonian-Laird model was used to compute the pooled prevalence of PTSD and determine associated factors among RTA survivors in SSA.

Results

A total of 17 primary studies with a sample size of 9,056 RTA survivors were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of PTSD among RTA survivors in SSA was 23.36% (95% CI: 18.36, 28.36); I2 = 96.73%; P < 0.001). Female gender [AOR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.80, 3.01], depression symptoms [AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: 2.17, 4.03], duration since the accident (1-3 months) [AOR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.23, 3.52], poor social support [AOR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.09, 8.11], and substance use [AOR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.68, 6.52] were significantly associated with PTSD.

Conclusions

The pooled prevalence of PTSD was low in SSA compared to studies that have been conducted outside the region. Female gender, depression symptoms, duration since the accident (1-3 months), poor social support, and substance use were the pooled independent predictors of PTSD among RTA survivors in SSA. Those RTA survivors with these identified risk factors would be screened and managed early for PTSD using pharmacological treatment and brief psychological intervention. Future researchers shall conduct further studies using different methods, including qualitative studies to identify additional predictors of PTSD among RTA survivors in SSA.
Economic limit calculate method of blocked layer released by water flood wells
Authors: Wang Fulin
Published: February 2025

Daqing Oilfield is in the forefront, because of polymer flooding well pattern was used to next production layer, so, first development layer was sealed after polymer well was used to next layer, and whose storage reserves is very huge. To 2021, OOIP of the first set of reserves of type II reservoirs has been sealed up to 9603 × 104 t. In order to release the reserves and reduce the influence on oil yield, water drive well pattern was used to product the sealed reserves through additional perforating, but the economic boundary standard to release the sealed layer using water drive well pattern is not determined, so, based on the principle of break-even and the seepage flow theory, this paper establishes the formula for calculating the economic limits of the various unsealing indexes by water flood well, which can effectively solve the problem of communicating and understanding the economic and engineering parameters of the released well, quantificational the limit of layer selection standard of well for releasing. The result showed the cumulative and daily oil production limit is gradually decreases with oil prices increasing, and vertically, the limit is increases with the input-output ratio (ROI) increases. FWHP of oil well b1-40-527 is 0.4 Mpa, well spacing is 300 m, oil well radius is 0.1 m, viscosity is 8.8 mPa. s, production time of 300 d, density of 0.86 g/cm3, when ROI is 1:2, the lower limit of the cumulative oil raised production is 206.9 t and daily increasing oil floor is 0.69 t/d, the minimum released effective thickness is 8.4 m as oil price is 60 $/BBL, meanwhile, the lower limit of the cumulative oil raised production is 421.4 t and daily increasing oil floor is 1.4 t/d when oil price is 40 $/BBL. After increasing the thickness of released layer according the limit, it is verified by actual data, that the increasing oil production of daily and accumulated reached to the calculation minimum limit after thickness increased by re-unsealing. The fluid production daily of the well b1-40-527 was 41.41 t/d and oil production was 1.53 t/d, water cut was 96.3% before the well releasing, then, the well was released firstly in July 2021, total effective thickness released is 6.6 m, after the released, the daily oil production was 1.92 t/d, the daily water cut was 96.3%, and oil production daily increased is 0.39 t/d, which is lower than the requirement of 0.79 t with oil price is 60 $/BBL and ROI is 1:2, therefore, the lower permeability layers were added, the total released thickness is to 10.7 m, which meets the requirement of unsealing, and the daily fluid production of the well b1-40-527 was to 67.79 t/d, the daily oil production was 3.2 t/d, the daily water cut was 95.3%, daily oil production increased was by 1.25 t/d, water cut decreased is 1.0%, and the releasing measure is valid still now.
Pancreatic steatosis as a risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: pathogenesis and clinical implications
Authors: Papalamprakopoulou Zoi , Dey Prasenjit , Frascati Rachel , Fountzilas Christos
Published: February 2025

Pancreatic steatosis is defined as the ectopic accumulation of fat in the pancreas. While historically considered a benign incidental imaging finding, it is now recognized as a significant, and potentially reversible risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) independently of obesity. Although its epidemiology is not well characterized, meta-analysis data suggest an approximately 30% prevalence, with individual studies reporting even higher rates among patients with obesity and/or metabolic syndrome. Concurrently, PDAC incidence is rising and is projected to soon become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Given the critical importance of early PDAC detection and intervention for improving survival, it is particularly timely to explore the associations between pancreatic steatosis and PDAC. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis and clinical associations between pancreatic steatosis and PDAC, as well as to discuss future perspectives within the context of current PDAC surveillance practices.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE LOTES VAGOS EM ÁREAS URBANAS:
Authors: Viegas Soares Arthur Viegas , Dos Santos Rosendo Jussara , Cristina Inacio Paula
Published: February 2025

O bairro Tupã, localizado na zona sul da cidade de Ituiutaba-MG, teve a sua dinâmica modificada a partir da instalação de um campus de uma instituição pública de ensino superior, principalmente por meio da especulação imobiliária. Nesse contexto, embora tenha se verificado a intensificação da ocupação do bairro, a presença de terrenos baldios é expressiva e a sua coexistência com os diferentes usos podem ocasionar impactos sociais e ambientais diversos. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar os lotes vagos existentes no bairro Tupã para, dessa maneira, compreender a sua distribuição, analisar a infraestrutura e investigar os possíveis impactos socioambientais dessas áreas. A metodologia contemplou: a) a identificação dos lotes vagos a partir da interpretação visual de imagens de satélite; b) a delimitação dos terrenos vagos no software QGIS; c) a classificação dos lotes vagos em cercados e não cercados; d) a realização de trabalhos de campo para a validação do mapeamento, registro fotográfico e a observação de características socioambientais do bairro. Os resultados alcançados permitiram identificar que a maioria dos terrenos vagos não possuem cercamento (66,41%), enquanto (33,59%) apresentam alguma barreira física capaz de impedir ou coibir o acesso ao interior do imóvel. Além disso, foi possível relacionar a presença de lotes vagos com o descarte incorreto de resíduos sólidos, a ocorrências de queimadas, a falta de acessibilidade e aspectos que impactam na sensação de insegurança por parte dos moradores.