bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of High-Power Ultrasound and Bactofugation on Microbiological Quality of Milk
Authors: Juraga Edita , Stulić Višnja , Vukušić Pavičić Tomislava , Gajdoš Kljusurić Jasenka , Brnčić Mladen , Herceg Zoran
Published: November 2021

Research background. The application of high power ultrasound combined with a slightly increased temperature on raw cow’s milk, skimmed cow’s milk and skimmed cow’s milk that passed the bactofugation process was analysed. We combined ultrasound with bactofugation of milk to achieve the microbiological accuracy that is equivalent to pasteurization.
Experimental approach. The milk samples (200 mL) were treated for 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 min with high-power ultrasound (200 and 400 W) with a frequency of 24 kHz. The treatments were conducted with a constant duty cycle of 100 %. Temperatures during the treatments were 20 and 55 °C. The somatic cell count of the aerobic mesophilic bacteria, as well the number of Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus cells were analysed.
Results and conclusions. From the perspective of the reduction of the total count of bacteria, the best result was achieved by high-power ultrasound at 400 W treated for 10 min. High reduction of Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli and S. aureus cells was achieved with ultrasound treatment of raw, skimmed and skimmed cow’s milk that passed the bactofugation with a power of 200 and 400 W regardless of the treatment time.
Novelty and scientific contribution. This work combines bactofugation and high-power ultrasound for the inactivation of microoganisms. This combination was used at a slightly increased temperature (up to 55 °C), which is much more economical than pasteurization, while it preserves the sensory and physicochemical properties of milk.
American-Chinese Confrontation from the Perspective of Thucydides Trap
Authors: Shalak Alexandr
Published: November 2021

War is an inevitable companion of human history. Therefore, from a scientific point of view, as well as from a practical and applied point of view, the identification of the fundamental causes that give rise to this phenomenon continues to be an urgent problem. It was made an attempt to explain a new research method along with class and geopolitical approach assigning reasons of great military conflicts. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the method called the Thucydides trap. The object of the study is the deterrence strategies used by the main actors of world politics. The subject of the study is the modification of the Thucydides trap in relation to the US-China confrontation.
Aging Assemblies in Various Environments: The Use of Material Optics
Authors: Galkin Konstantin
Published: November 2021

The article considers a new approach to the research of aging — material gerontology and the application of this approach to the empirical study of the everyday life of elderly people who are in boarding schools and living separately. The article answers the question of how aging is collected within the framework of the interactions of older people with material and social resources present in two different environments in which older people are located. The article uses the concept of tunability of material and social resources, on the basis of which conclusions are drawn about how the assemblies of aging as a complex inhomogeneous category occur in various environments. Different environments are a nursing home in the city of Petrozavodsk and villages in Karelia, where elderly people live separately. A total of 20 biographical interviews with elderly people (n = 20) and 16 semi-structured interviews (n = 16) with nurses and volunteers working in a boarding house were collected. The article aims to fill the gap in the study of aging, which consists, firstly, in the absence of social research on aging through the prism of considering the material and social resources (actors) present in various environments and collecting aging, and secondly, in the absence of discussion about the possibilities of applying material gerontology in social research and the features of the application of this direction. To fill these gaps, I empirically illustrate the features and roles of material and social resources in the lives of older people and show how aging processes occur and how material and social resources can affect the agency of older people. The study shows that, depending on the environment in which the assemblies of aging take place, its meanings and the understanding of the tunability and features of the tunability of material and social resources by older people also differ.
Environmental Aspects of the new wave of raw materials industrialization in Asian Russia
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of SB RAS, Gilmundinov Vadim M.
Published: November 2021

The paper examines the problems of assessing the long-term impact of intensive exploitation of natural resources on the environment of a large region. Data for empirical study obtained from information of Rosstat and Annual State Reports «On the state and protection of the environment of the Russian Federation». The vast territory of Asian Russia was chosen as the object of research. The results indicate a significant increase in environmental problems at each stage of industrial development in this region. These problems are especially acute in connection with the entry of Asian Russia into the next wave of accelerated industrialization of raw materials, characterized, first of all, by a significant expansion of projects for the extraction and processing of solid minerals and hydrocarbons to new mostly undeveloped territories. This, taking into account the already accumulated environmental problems, makes additional requirements for the substantiation of plans to accelerate the socio-economic development of the region and the launch of new raw materials projects, bringing to the first place not only economic and strategic aspects, but also issues of environmental safety. This, in turn, requires not only constant monitoring of the state of the environment and protection activities of business entities, increasing the reliability and completeness of the results obtained on its basis, but also assessing the compliance of the existing institutional environment with the tasks of eliminating environmental problems accumulated in the region and reducing the negative anthropogenic impact on the environment. At the same time, the results of the analysis of both current approaches to statistical observation in this area and environmental mechanisms indicate the presence of significant imperfections in them. In this regard, it is necessary to improve the institutional mechanisms for regulating environmental protection in order to increase the sustainability of the region’s development
The First and Second Waves of the COVID‑19 Pandemic in the Russian Regions: Comparison of the Change in the Mortality Rate
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Karelian Research Centre of the RAS, Druzhinin Pavel V. , Molchanova Ekaterina V.
Published: November 2021

The emergence of the COVID‑19 pandemic has become a new global challenge for the whole humankind affecting all spheres of society. The purpose of this article is to identify the complex effect of various factors on the mortality rate in Russian regions during the first and second waves of the coronavirus pandemic. As the information base of the study, official statistical publications («Regions of Russia», «Natural Population Movement») were used, as well as data from the official Internet resource on the situation with the incidence of COVID‑19 in the regions of Russia. With the help of economic and mathematical tools, the impact of demographic, socio-economic, environmental, medical and geographical factors on the mortality rate in Russian regions was assessed. The calculations allowed to establish the causes of a significant increase in mortality in the Russian regions, as well as to identify significant differences between the first and second waves of the pandemic. The study showed that demographic and geographical factors played the leading role, but their influence at different time periods had its own characteristics. The coronavirus pandemic accelerated the process of reducing the country’s population, and also caused significant damage to the Russian economy. The results of the study can be used in the field of medico-demographic policy aimed at preserving the social (population) health of the nation
Socio-Ecological Inequality in the Russian Federation and Problems of its Measurement
Authors:   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology SB RAS, Glazyrina Irina P. , Zabelina Irina A.
Published: November 2021

The article discusses some approaches and specific ecological and economic indicators that, in the authors’ opinion, have been used more than others in decision-making procedures, in public discourse, and in analysis in connection with the problems of spatial development, including scientific analysis. They are also used for comparative spatial analysis of socio-economic inequality. These include eco-intensity and decoupling coefficients, indicators of per capita environmental pressure and socio-ecological and economic well-being based on the expanded A. Sen’s function calculated by region. It is also shown that the calculation of eco-intensity and decoupling without taking into account the accumulation of pollutants can cause a certain limitation of the potential of these indicators in the context of long-term consequences. The conclusion is justified that these tools for measuring socio-ecological inequality cannot be considered as interchangeable, and it is unlikely that «some are better than others». These indicators provide answers to various questions, and characterize the heterogeneity of socio-ecological conditions in the regions of Russia in different aspects. It seems more reasonable to use this tool as a whole, and apply its individual components depending on the specific tasks related to the spatial development of Russia
Tamgas of the 19th and Early 20th Century Yakuts (Sakha)
Authors:   Institute for Humanitarian Research and Indigenous Peoples of the North SB RAS, Bravina Rozalia I. , Popova Natalia I. , Vasiliev Valery E.
Published: November 2021

The article deals with tamga symbols which played a role in the socio-economic life and culture of the Central, Vilyuisk and Northern local groups of the Yakuts since the lineage-based society up to the early twentieth century. Tamgas were marks to identify kinship and social status, property, enjoyment and dispose of the owner’s property, as well as sacral symbols of religious beliefs and practices of the Yakuts. Tamga marks were used to denote numbers in the Yakut traditional number system. They are found on various seals and «eternal» calendars of the 17th – 19th centuries. Based on a comparative study of the tamga mark system of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples of Central Asia and Southern Siberia, an attempt was made to systematize various forms and names of the most common tamga of the Yakuts and to determine their functional aspect. It is suggested that tamga marks are primary in relation to the Turkic runic writing, as well as Yakut rune-like tamgas that the Turkic-speaking ancestors of the Yakuts brought to their modern territory before their acquaintance with the runic writing
Historical and Economic Study of Mechanisms of the Krasnoyarsk Krai Industrial Development during the First Five-year Plans (1928–1940)
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Bukharova Eugenia B.; , Tretyakov Alexandr A. , Shishatsky Nikolai G. ,   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering SB RAS
Published: November 2021

The article considers stages of administrative and economic reforms in the country in a historical context and their influence on the way of economic management of the Krasnoyarsk Krai within the period of 1928–1940. Stages of industrialization in the Krasnoyarsk Krai, the activity of regional authorities, their competencies and capabilities to affect economic development have been analyzed. The article shows that the processes occurred rather ambiguously and were characterized by high social costs: high rates of regional industrial development were accompanied by diverging and not always productive reforms, by the growth of managerial bureaucracy and suppression of the role of regional governments and also by lagging of industries, oriented towards the production of final consumption items. A retrospective historical review is essential for understanding priorities of the new stage of industrialization in the Krasnoyarsk Krai
Dialogue Control of Collaborative Robots Based on Artifi cial Neural Networks
Authors: Yuschenko A. S. , Shuai Yin
Published: November 2021

Collaborative robotics progress is based on the possibility to apply robots to the wide range activity of peoples. Now the user can control the robot without any special knowledge in robotics and safe. The price of such possibilities is complication of control system of robot which now has to aquire an opportunity of autonomous behavior under human’s control, using the necessary sensors and elements of artificial intelligence. In our research we suppose the collaborative robot as mobile robotic device possible to fulfil some work under the human’s speech demands not only in the same space with the human. We also suppose the necessity of bilateral dialogue human-robot to make it clear the task, the current situation, the state as robot as human. The complex task of control, or may be the collaboration of human with his artificial partner need new means of control, situation recognition, speech dialogue management. As a mean to solve the whole complex of problems we propose the combination of different artificial neural networks. Such as convolution networks for image recognition, deep networks for speech recognition, LSTM networks for autonomous movement of robot control in current situation. Investigations in the field of mobile and manipulation robots including the human-robot control have been proceeded for some years in the department "Robotic systems and mechatronics" BMSTU celebrating now it 70th years Jubilee. The reader may find some of the works in the bibliography. In result of all these investigations we obtain the service robot model which may find a wide application.
The Walking Robot Control System that is Adaptive to Changes in the Kinematics
Authors: Samoylova A. S. , Vorotnikov S. A.
Published: November 2021

The walking mobile robots (WMR) have recently become widely popular in robotics. They are especially useful in the extreme cases: search and rescue operations; cargo delivery over highly rough terrain; building a map. These robots also serve to explore and describe a partially or completely non-deterministic workspace, as well as to explore areas that are dangerous to human life. One of the main requirements for these WMR is the robustness of its control system. It allows WMR to maintain the operability when the characteristics of the support surface change as well as under more severe conditions, in particular, loss of controllability or damage of the supporting limb (SL). We propose to use the principles of genetic programming to create a WMR control system that allows a robot to adapt to possible changes in its kinematics, as well as to the characteristics of the support surface on which it moves. This approach does not require strong computational power or a strict formal classification of possible damage to the WMR. This article discusses two main WMR control modes: standard, which accord to a serviceable kinematics, and emergency, in which one or more SL drives are damaged or lost controllability. As an example, the structure of the control system of the WMP is proposed, the kinematics of which is partially destroyed in the process of movement. We developed a method for controlling such robot, which is based on the use of a genetic algorithm in conjunction with the Mealy machine. Modeling of modes of movement of WMR with six SL was carried out in the V-REP program for two cases of injury: absent and not functioning limb. We present the results of simulation of emergency gaits for these configurations of WMP and the effectiveness of the proposed method in the case of damage to the kinematic scheme. We also compared the performance of the genetic algorithm for the damaged WMR with the standard control algorithm.
On the importance of intravenous urography in prostate adenoma
Authors: Burmistrova A. F.
Published: November 2021

A number of works by domestic and foreign authors (L. S. Erukhimov, N. V. Dunashev, A. A. Midoyan, V. M. Bliznyuk, A. A. Avdeev, Ekman, E. . Sponge, etc.).
Pancreatic cyst surgery
Authors: Dikova A. A.
Published: November 2021

Pancreatic cysts are rare. In the domestic literature from 1885 to 1958, only 295 such observations were published. The disease can occur at any age, but more often from 20 to 40 years, and somewhat more often in women.
The use of plastic (egmass-12) in maxillofacial surgery
Authors: Zalyalyutdinova S. Z.
Published: November 2021

One of the plastics that are gaining importance in jaw orthopedics and facial reconstructive surgery is egmass-12 (V.A.Marsky, F.K-Borisova, I.I. Revzin, P.F.Sapilevsky). It is formed by mixing polyvinyl chloride (powder) with dibutyl phthalate (liquid).
Childbirth of twins in a woman with a bicornuate uterus
Authors: Keysar A. P.
Published: November 2021

In the literature available to us, we have never met a single case of childbirth with viable fetuses with a two-horned uterus, pregnant with twins, and therefore we consider it interesting to cite our observation.
Two cases of so-called congenital myotonia (Thomsen's disease)
Authors: Polisadov P. V.
Published: November 2021

We owe the first and accurate description of this muscular suffering to the Schleswig physician Thomsen, who in 1876 observed this disease in himself and in many members of his family.
A case of hand reconstruction during primary surgical treatment
Authors: Shrayer I. A. , Shafransky L. L.
Published: November 2021

More than one third of the damage to the human body falls on the hand and fingers. The restoration of the integrity of the latter is often very difficult due to anatomical and functional complexity.
Hypnosis in surgical practice
Authors: Arkhipov E. P.
Published: November 2021

We used hypnosis in 31 patients, of whom only in the postoperative period in 8.
Features of plastics of skin flaws in the supporting surface of the foot
Authors: Tychinkina A. K.
Published: November 2021

Plastics of skin defects of the foot as a reconstructive operation has a twofold purpose: on the one hand, as a means of preserving the organ, and on the other, as a means of restoring its supporting function.
Homolateral symptoms in brain tumors.
Authors: Grinberg S. A.
Published: November 2021

Homolateral symptoms in brain tumors have been described by a number of authors.LB Litvak believes that homolateral symptoms in supratentorial tumors can have a different origin. They can be associated with the dislocation and occlusion of the cerebrospinal fluid systems.
Errors in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Kaplun V. M.
Published: November 2021

The clinical picture of an acutely interrupted ectopic pregnancy is quite clearly outlined. It is composed of symptoms characteristic of pregnancy, internal bleeding and shock.
The importance of precancerous diseases in oncological practice
Authors: Ratner Yu. A.
Published: November 2021

The term precancer, although not entirely accurate, is ingrained and widespread. Clinicians understand by it such local changes in tissues and organs that predispose to the development of cancer and prepare the ground for its occurrence. Everyday clinical observations and numerous experiments confirm such a generally accepted view, which does not exclude, however, the possibility of tumor development even without precancerous changes. The latter is difficult to prove, but it must be admitted in the absence of any indications in the anamnesis in adults, and especially in young people.
Biochemistry and immunology of cancer
Authors: Messinova O. V.
Published: November 2021

Of the significant number of works presented at five sessions of the biochemical section of the congress, the most interesting are numerous studies of the role and exchange of nucleic acids in tumor growth - DNA, which, according to modern concepts, is the carrier of hereditary information, genetic code, and RNA, which transmits this information to the protein. and directly involved in its synthesis.
Combined surgery for stomach cancer
Authors: Miloslavsky I. M.
Published: November 2021

In the Kharkov regional oncological dispensary for 7 years and 5 months (1953-1960) 1034 patients with stomach cancer were hospitalized. 632 patients were operated on. Radical operations were performed in 445 patients, of which combined (with resection of adjacent organs, germinated by the tumor) 72 (17% of all resections).
Domestic devices for inhalation anesthesia and artificial respiration
Authors: Yurevich V. M.
Published: November 2021

The device UNA-1 for anesthesia with ether, cyclopropane, fluotane, nitrous oxide, trilene - in an open, half-open, half-closed and closed way, in a circulating and pendulum-like system - serves as a universal apparatus for carrying out all types of modern inhalation anesthesia.
Medicinal methods for the treatment of malignant tumors
Authors: Okulov A. M.
Published: November 2021

Medicinal methods for the treatment of tumor diseases have been intensively developed only in the last 10-15 years and are not well known to a wide circle of doctors, therefore the publication of this book is timely and necessary.
Spring-summer tick-borne encephalitis in TASSR
Authors: Chueva S. V.
Published: November 2021

In the early years of the study of tick-borne encephalitis in the USSR, it was believed that it occurs only in the Far East (hence its name "taiga", "Far Eastern"). Only later were its centers established in the Urals, in Western Siberia, Kazakhstan, and later in the European part of the Soviet Union - in the Latvian, Estonian, Ukrainian, and Belarusian republics.
The use of strophanthin in the complex treatment of cardiovascular disorders in toxic diphtheria
Authors: Kudryavtseva N. P. , Kachurets V. I. , Nasibullina S. X.
Published: November 2021

Despite the fact that in recent years there has been a steady decline in the incidence of diphtheria, the number of its severe forms continues to remain relatively high.
Diagnostic value of the determination of protein fractions and sialic acid in the disease "no pulse"
Authors: Klyuchareva S. G.
Published: November 2021

The essence of the disease "lack of pulse" is the progressive panarteritis of large vessels with their inflammatory infiltration, gradual hardening and desolation. This disease belongs to the group of collagen, with which it has in common in pathogenesis, recurrent chronic course, predominant lesion of young people.
Resection of a large area of the small intestine in conditions of diffuse peritonitis
Authors: Shalkov Yu. L.
Published: November 2021

I., 10 years old, was admitted to the surgical department 21 / 1-61, with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
On the characteristics of endemic goiter in the Gorky region
Authors: Leporsky V. N.
Published: November 2021

At the 22nd All-Union Congress of Surgeons, V.S. Levit, in his keynote speech, highlighting the distribution of endemic goiter in the Soviet Union, noted that goiter occurs in the Nizhny Novgorod Territory in the region of Murom and Kovrov. Before the Great October Revolution, the issues of endemic goiter in the Nizhny Novgorod province were not studied
About changes in peripheral blood in sporadic typhus
Authors: Kryukova Z. V.
Published: November 2021

For a number of years, we have observed patients with sporadic typhus, in whom the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, leukocyte count, ROE and Waldman's can test were examined at least 3 times in dynamics. The diagnosis in all was confirmed by a positive agglutination reaction with Provacek's rickettsia or by binding of complement with an antigen from Provachek's rickettsia in titers 1: 40-1: 1280.
Risk factors for respiratory viral infections in newborns
Authors: Pikuza O. I. , Kuznetsova L. A. , Aleksandrova L. Y.
Published: November 2021

The study of the clinical features of acute respiratory viral infections and pneumonia in 320 newborns made it possible to identify a group of children with an increased risk of an unfavorable course of the disease. A negative effect on the prognosis of acute respiratory diseases in newborns is exerted by toxicosis, acute diseases of women during pregnancy, the impact on the expectant mother of occupational health problems, a burdened obstetric history, prematurity of the newborn, natal trauma of the central nervous system. Specific regimens have been developed to complement the conventional medical history that can facilitate the management of risk conditions and a differentiated approach to the newborn.
Surgical diagnosis of gastric lesions
Authors: Abdullin A. S.
Published: November 2021

Methods for studying the stomach in transmitted light throughout the operation have been developed: reverse transillumination fibrogastroscopy, targeted forward and reverse transillumination angiography, and pigmentary injection transillumination angiography. The studies were carried out during the operation and on removed preparations. Of the 464 operated patients, 346 had stomach cancer, 45 had peptic ulcer disease, 43 had polyps, and 30 had non-epithelial tumors. Features of angioarchitectonics of the stomach are important for the recognition of initial lesions - erosions, ulcers, polyps.
Issues of anesthesiology at the 2nd All-Union Conference of Surgeons, Traumatologists and Anesthesiologists
Authors: Kazantsev F. N.
Published: November 2021

On the subject of anesthesia at the stage of analgesia, a keynote speech was made by prof. P. L. Kupriyanov with colleagues (Leningrad).
A case of an allergic reaction to gold
Authors: Khitrov V. Y. , Zabolotny I. I.
Published: November 2021

We have seen an allergic reaction to a single gold crown. P., 40 years old, complained of pain and edema in the upper lip, which arose 2 weeks after the gold crown was reinstalled on the central upper incisor. The same changes on the lip have already been observed once, and their appearance also coincided with the establishment of a gold crown on the same tooth.
Treatment of patients with hammer-like deformity of the first toe
Authors: Gafarov K. Z.
Published: November 2021

Our proposed method for the rapid elimination of hammer-like deformity of the first toe is illustrated by the figure. The tendon of the long flexor of the first toe 1 is exposed in the projection of the main phalanx 2 from the skin incision 5 along the plantar surface, then it is cut off at the site of attachment and passed through the bony canal 4 drilled closer to the base, a tendon loop 3 is formed on the main phalanx 2 .. the interphalangeal joint is arthrodesised 6 and fix the needle 8, passed through the end phalanx 7.
A távmunka alkalmazási arányát befolyásoló kulturális tényezők Európában
Authors: Kazai Ónodi Annamária
Published: November 2021

A technikai fejlődés és a Covid-19 járvány elleni küzdelem hatására mérföldkőhöz érkeztünk a távmunka alkalmazásában. Az információs technológia fejlődése, széles körű hozzáférhetősége jelentősen kiszélesíti a lehetőségeket. A járvány elleni védekezés egyik eleme, a fizikai távolságtartás elszigetelődéshez vezetett. Ez a két tényező a távmunka megítélésében komoly változásokat hozott. Az otthon végzett távmunka lehetőséget adott a fertőzésveszéllyel járó személyes kontaktusok számának csökkentésére. Kutatásunk fő hipotézise, hogy 2019-ben Európában az otthoni távmunka (home office) alkalmazási arányában megmutatkozó különbségek hátterében kulturális tényezők is állnak. Kutatásunk eredménye összhangban van a korábbi kutatások megállapításával, miszerint az individualista társadalmakban magasabb arányban alkalmazzák a távmunkát, illetve a kis hatalmi távolság és a bizonytalanságkerülés alacsony mértéke is kedvezően hat a távmunka alkalmazására. Kutatásunk egyedisége abban áll, hogy vizsgálatunkba bevontuk az engedékeny/korlátozó jelleg társadalmi jellemzőt, amely a legmeghatározóbb tényezőnek bizonyult mind a korrelációelemzés, mind a regresszióelemzés alapján. A megengedő társadalmakban fontos az egyén boldogsága, jóléte, a szabadidő, az emberek saját maguk feletti kontrollja. Ezeket a tényezőket érdemes figyelembe venni a távmunka jövőbeli rendszerének kialakítása során, mivel ezáltal lehet a távmunkában rejlő előnyöket realizálni.
Standardized PPP Contract in Korea and its Implications for Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Kim Hyeyoung , Lee Jihyun , Reyes-Tagle Gerardo
Published: November 2021

The standardization of PPP contracts in Korea has played a key role in establishing PPP institutional frameworks in the civil law system in which there must be legal and institutional safeguards for the long-term PPP contracts. The reliability of standardized contracts is secured due to the fact that the standardized PPP contract has been prepared by the statutory PPP agency under the approval of the Ministry of Economy and Finance, an influential ministry within the government. The standardization of PPP contracts has been of great utility for both the competent authorities and private partners. The standardized contract has streamlined negotiations. The private partner was able to trust in the major risk allocation declared through the standardized contract in handling land acquisition, construction completion, operation and demand, and termination. We found out through our survey that there are similarities between Korea and LAC countries in that most LAC countries have adopted the civil law system and the countries have developed similar payment types for PPP and risk allocation principles. The experience and lessons on standardized PPP contract in Korea can be of great utility to LAC countries.
Lokalna skupnost kot humusni ali repelentni dejavnik za organizirano kriminaliteto in vloga policije
Authors: Dobovšek Bojan , Slak Boštjan
Published: November 2021

Organizirana kriminaliteta za prostor svojega delovanja nima preferenc in se oblikuje ali deluje v okolju, ki sinergično združuje ustrezne pogoje. Med slednjimi prevladujejo odsotnost upravljavcev območja, slabe socioekonomske razmere (revščina, brezposelnost in odsotnost družbene kohezije) in ugodne geografske značilnosti (npr. bližina cest, ugodni pogoji za gojenje rastlin, iz katerih se pridelujejo prepovedane droge). Močna družbena kohezija na drugi strani pa predstavlja pomemben dejavnik omejevanja organizirane kriminalitete. Pri tem lahko policijsko delo v skupnosti pomaga pri izvajanju dejavnosti, ki družbeno kohezivnost večajo in tako oblikujejo okolje v bolj odporno proti organizirani kriminaliteti. Policijsko delo v skupnosti prav tako poveča dotok informacij do preiskovalnih organov in na tak način izboljša kakovost preiskovanja in s tem prav tako omeji razvoj organizirane kriminalitete.
Policijsko delo v skupnosti v urbanih in ruralnih okoljih
Authors: Hacin Rok , Meško Gorazd
Published: November 2021

V prispevku se osredotočamo na primerjavo uspešnosti implementacije policijskega dela v skupnosti v slovenskih urbanih in ruralnih okoljih v letih 2011, 2013, 2016 in 2017. Ugotovitve so pokazale, da policisti menijo, da: 1) se slovenska policija čedalje manj zaveda potreb prebivalcev, 2) so najbolj uspešni pri vzdrževanju javnega reda, najmanj uspešni pa pri preiskovanju kaznivih dejanj oziroma sodelovanju s prebivalci v občini (predvsem v urbanih okoljih), 3) so prebivalci pripravljeni sodelovati pri preventivnih dejavnostih policije, 4) je nudenje pomoči prebivalcem tako pomembno kot izvrševanje zakonov in 5) je njihova dolžnost, da z vsemi prebivalci ravnajo pošteno. V splošnem policisti zaznavajo, da so prebivalci ruralnih okolij bolj pripravljeni sodelovati s policijo v primerjavi s prebivalci urbanih okolij. Hkrati pa ocenjujejo, da je kakovost policijskega dela v skupnosti boljša v ruralnih okoljih. Primerjava med različnimi časovnimi obdobji ni pokazala bistvenih razlik v zaznavah policistov o implementaciji policijskega dela v skupnosti.
Analiza pravnih podlag za policijsko delo v skupnosti in pravna odgovornost vodij policijskega okoliša
Authors: Tičar Bojan , Meško Gorazd
Published: November 2021

Prispevek predstavlja pravne vidike policijskega dela v skupnosti v Sloveniji. Analiza je pokazala podobne probleme kot v drugih evropskih državah, kjer se je začelo izvajati policijsko delo v skupnosti, ki je izhajalo iz anglosaške pravne ureditve, ki omogoča policiji večjo diskrecijo pri opravljanju policijskega dela. Prispevek predstavlja tudi pravno-normativne vidike odgovornosti za zagotavljanje varnosti, odgovornost policistov in delovnopravne vidike, povezane z vodji policijskih okolišev. Policijsko delo v skupnosti in delo vodij policijskih okolišev ni eksplicitno določeno v zakonodaji, ampak to področje delno urejajo notranji akti policije ter strategije s področja preprečevanja in zatiranja kriminalitete ter razvoja policijske dejavnosti.
Sequent Calculi for Orthologic with Strict Implication
Authors: Kawano Tomoaki
Published: November 2021

In this study, new sequent calculi for a minimal quantum logic (\(\bf MQL\)) are discussed that involve an implication. The sequent calculus \(\bf GO\) for \(\bf MQL\) was established by Nishimura, and it is complete with respect to ortho-models (O-models). As \(\bf GO\) does not contain implications, this study adopts the strict implication and constructs two new sequent calculi \(\mathbf{GOI}_1\) and \(\mathbf{GOI}_2\) as the expansions of \(\bf GO\). Both \(\mathbf{GOI}_1\) and \(\mathbf{GOI}_2\) are complete with respect to the O-models. In this study, the completeness and decidability theorems for these new systems are proven. Furthermore, some details pertaining to new rules and the strict implication are discussed.
A Sound Interpretation of Leśniewski's Epsilon in Modal Logic KTB
Authors: Inoue Takao
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we shall show that the following translation \(I^M\) from the propositional fragment \(\bf L_1\) of Leśniewski's ontology to modal logic \(\bf KTB\) is sound: for any formula \(\phi\) and \(\psi\) of \(\bf L_1\), it is defined as (M1) \(I^M(\phi \vee \psi) = I^M(\phi) \vee I^M(\psi)\), (M2) \(I^M(\neg \phi) = \neg I^M(\phi)\), (M3) \(I^M(\epsilon ab) = \Diamond p_a \supset p_a . \wedge . \Box p_a \supset \Box p_b .\wedge . \Diamond p_b \supset p_a\), where \(p_a\) and \(p_b\) are propositional variables corresponding to the name variables \(a\) and \(b\), respectively. In the last, we shall give some comments including some open problems and my conjectures.
Motyw starości w wybranych utworach Franciszka Karpińskiego
Authors: Szymczak Ewelina
Published: November 2021

The present article focuses on the aspect of old age in Franciszek Karpiński’s works. The main object of the article is to analyse an Enlightenment reflection on the category of anthropological time in selected poems and a sentimental diary of Karpiński. Rich, however not innovative, chronosophical reflection of the writer, complies with the Enlightenment critique model of old age understood as time of physical constraints and lack of attraction resulted from changes influenced on a human body.
Conductas de riesgo y representación de estilos de apego en adolescentes de un colegio limeño
Authors:   , Santiago Romero Carol Jimena , Tataje Requena Fiorella Thalia
Published: November 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo es correlacionar las conductas de riesgo y representación de estilos de apego en adolescentes. La muestra estuvo conformada por 177 escolares cuyas edades oscilan entre 12 y 17 años. Los instrumentos empleados fueron el Cuestionario de Evaluación Cognitiva de Eventos de Riesgo (Fromme, Katz & Rivet, 1997) y la Versión Reducida del Cuestionario CaMir para la evaluación del apego adaptado a Perú (Valenzuela, 2014). Los resultados indican que se ha encontrado una correlación inversa, baja y significativa entre Seguridad: Disponibilidad y apoyo de figuras de apego con Conductas agresivas (r = -.189, p < .05), Conductas académicas irresponsables (r = -.199, p < .05) y Conductas sexuales de riesgo (r = -.149, p < .05).
Using forensic handwriting principles for rapid signature screening
Authors: Craythorne Brian
Published: November 2021

Examination of a signature is a lengthy process conducted under laboratory conditions, requiring precision and caution. When a rapid screening of signatures is required, the basic principles of forensic signature comparison can be adapted. Learning points from signature screening examinations are outlined to aid handwriting experts in carrying out similar procedures.
Anchoring: Cognitive bias and numerical conception
Authors: Kipouràs Pàvlos
Published: November 2021

Anchoring is a cognitive bias connected to the conception of information by every individual. The initial notion created becomes a significant point of reference for all future interpretations of the same object or data, so as to block any further re-elaboration to the initially defined information. The article presents a practical case of a false numerical conception due to anchoring
Chosen problems in forensic examining of signatures placed on paintings
Authors: Leśniak Marek
Published: November 2021

In the context of current forensic knowledge and practice, using the handwriting analysis method to examine a painter’s signature does not give rise to any objections. It allows such an examination to be more transparent. The article presents a certain specificity which characterizes painter signatures. Such distinctions reveal themselves at various stages of analysis: examining the location of the questioned signature; qualifying examination of the questioned signature; determining the scope of handwriting features considered under the examination; determining the range of variability in handwriting characteristics in the comparative material; determining the degree of variability in the same characteristics in the questioned signature. The article also raises the issue of experts’ competencies, particularly significant in examining painting signatures.
Design, Development, and Characterization of Amorphous Rosuvastatin Calcium Tablets
Authors: González Rocío , Ángeles Peña Mª , Torres Norma Sofía , Torrado Guillermo
Published: November 2021

This work proposes a methodology for the design, development, optimisation, and evaluation of amorphous rosuvastatin calcium tablets (BCS class II drug). The main goal was to ensure rapid disintegration and high dissolution rate of the active ingredient, thus enhancing its bioavailability. The design started from a careful selection of excipients, which due to their characteristics and proportions within the formulation allowed the use of their properties such as fluidity or granulometric distribution. The formulation was characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) methods. The galenic SeDeM methodology was used to establish the profile of the active ingredient-excipient mixture and guarantee its suitability for producing tablets by the direct compression method. The results demonstrate that the amorphous rosuvastatin calcium tablets formulation developed made it possible to obtain cost-effective tablets by direct compression with optimal pharmacotechnical characteristics that showed a remarkable disintegration and dissolution rate. The manufactured tablets complied with the pharmacopoeia guidelines regarding uniformity of weight, tablet hardness, thickness, friability, in vitro disintegration time and dissolution profile.
Effect of Chordwise Struts and Misaligned Flow on the Aerodynamic Performance of a Leading-Edge Inflatable Wing
Authors: Viré Axelle , Lebesque Geert , Folkersma Mikko , Schmehl Roland
Published: November 2021

Steady-state Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations are performed for a leading-edge inflatable wing for airborne wind energy applications. Expanding on previous work where only the inflatable leading edge tube was considered, eight additional inflatable strut tubes that support the wing canopy are now included. The shape of the wing is considered to be constant. The influence of the strut tubes on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the local flow field is assessed, considering flow configurations with and without side-slip. The simulations show that the aerodynamic performance of the wing decreases with increasing side-slip component of the inflow. On the other hand, the chordwise struts have little influence on the integral lift and drag of the wing, irrespective of the side-slip component. The overall flow characteristics are in good agreement with previous studies. In particular, it is confirmed that at a low Reynolds number of Re=10^5, a laminar separation bubble exists on the suction side of this hypothetical rigid wing shape with perfectly smooth surface. The destruction of this bubble at low angles of attack impacts negatively on the aerodynamic performance.
Uncertainty in Drought Identification Due to Data Choices, and the Value of Triangulation
Authors: Borona Pius , Busch Friedrich , Krueger Tobias , Rufin Philippe
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Droughts are complex and gradually evolving conditions of extreme water deficits which can compromise livelihoods and ecological integrity, especially in fragile arid and semi-arid regions that depend on rainfed farming, such as Kitui West in south-eastern Kenya. Against the background of low ground-station density, 10 gridded rainfall products and four gridded temperature products were used to generate an ensemble of 40 calculations of the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to assess uncertainties in the onset, duration and magnitude of past droughts. These uncertainties were driven more by variations between the rainfall products than variations between the temperature products. Remaining ambiguities in drought occurrence could be resolved by complementing the quantitative analysis with ground-based information from key informants engaged in disaster relief, effectively formulating an ensemble approach to SPEI-based drought identification to aid decision making. The reported trend towards drier conditions in Eastern Africa was confirmed for Kitui West by the majority of data products, whereas the rainfall effect on the increasingly dry conditions was more subtle than annual and seasonal declines and greater annual variation, which warrants further investigation. Nevertheless, the effects of increasing droughts are already felt on the ground and warrant decisive action.
Revealing Trade off Relations Among Thermal Coherences and Correlations in Heisenberg XXX Model Under Inhomogeneous Magnetic Eld
Authors: Ali Asad , Nadeem Mustansar N , Toor A.H , Ulhaq Junaid , Ahad Shah
Published: November 2021

We study the validity of quantum Fisher information (QFI) as a faithful quantum coherence and correlation quantier by drawing a comparison with subsystem's coherence measure, rst-order coherence (FOC) and the entanglement measure, Negativity to study the behavior of thermal quantum coherence and correlations in two qubit Heisenberg XXX model, placed in independently controllable magnetic eld by systematically varying the coupling parameter, magnetic eld and bath temperature for ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic case. After carefully observing the prole of quantum coherence and correlation measures, we propose an inequality relations which shows that there may exist a quantitative relationship between QFI, Negativity and FOC in which, the equality exists at zero temperature. We identify QFI to be a more useful coherence quantier, as it quanties coherence of individual subsystems and correlations among the subsystems. On the other hand, FOC identies coherence present in the individual subsystems only. A reciprocal relationship between Negativity and FOC is also observed in dierent cases. We also observe the existence of entanglement in ferromagnetic case, in contrast to simple Heisenberg XXX model in uniform magnetic eld. We show that in the ferromagnetic case, a very small inhomogeneity in magnetic eld is capable of producing large values of thermal entanglement. This shows that the behavior of entanglement in the ferromagnetic Heisenberg system is highly unstable against inhomogeneity of magnetic elds, which is inevitably present in any solid state realization of qubits.
Environmentally Friendly Polyvinyl alcohol−alginate/bentonite Nanocomposite Hydrogel Beads as Efficient Adsorbents for Removal of Toxic Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Aljar Mona A. Aziz , Rashdan Suad , Abd El-Fattah Ahmed
Published: November 2021

Hazardous chemicals like toxic organic dyes are very harmful to the environment and their removal is quite challenging. Therefore there is a necessity to develop techniques, which are environment friendly, cost-effective and easily available in nature for water purification and re-mediation. The present research work is focused on the development` and characterization of the ecofriendly polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and alginate (Alg) hydrogel beads incorporating natural bentonite (Bent) clay as beneficial adsorbents for removal of toxic methylene blue (MB) from industrial water. PVA−Alg/Bent nanocomposite hydrogel beads with different Bent content (0, 10, 20, and 30 wt%) were synthesized via external ionic gelation method. The designed porous and steady structure beads were characterized by the use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The performance of the beads as MB adsorbents was investigated by treating batch aqueous solutions. The experimental results indicated that the incorporation of Bent (30 w%) in the nanocomposite formulation sustained porous structure, preserved water uptake, and increased MB removal effi-ciency by 230 % compared to empty beads. Designed beads possessed higher aﬃnity to MB at high pH 8, 30 °C, and ﬁtted well to pseudo-second-order kinetic model a high correlation coeﬃcient. Moreover, designed beads had a good stability and reusability as they exhibited excellent removal eﬃciency (90%) after six consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. Adsorption process was found be combination of both monolayer adsorption on homogeneous surface and multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface. The maximum adsorption capacity of the designed beads system as calculated by Langmuir isotherm was found to be 51.34 mg/g, which is in good agreement with the reported clay-related adsorbents. The designed PVA−Alg/Bent nanocomposite hydrogel beads demonstrated good adsorbent properties and could be potentially used for MB removal from polluted water.
Healthy Cattle Microbiome and Dysbiosis in Diseased Phenotypes
Authors: Khalil Alaa , Batool Aamina , Arif Sania
Published: November 2021

: Cattle farming is an ancient practice, with roots in the early Neolithic era that has retained its status in the food industry today, with global beef market revenue amounting to $385.7B, as of 2018. Hence, cattle maintenance is naturally essential to cater to nutritional requirements of modern civilization. This extensive review aims to provide a holistic overview of cattle microbiome, analysing the native microbial composition within respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, reproductive tract, and skin. The dysbiosis associated with various diseases such as bovine respiratory disease, bovine digital dermatitis, mastitis, Johne's disease, uterine diseases (metritis and endometritis) and metabolic disorders (ruminal acidosis and ketosis) has been discussed. Moreover, various non-antibiotic microbial therapies including phage therapy, prebiotics and probiotics have been examined as potential means to reduce disease-associated dysbiosis. In general, this review highlights the importance of the microbiome in maintenance of health in cattle and its potential in alleviating bovine diseases, with an aim to enhance cattle health and production.