bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immigration : de quoi les Québécois ont-ils peur ?
Authors: El Yamani Myriame , Juteau Danielle , McAndrew Marie
Published: February 2016

L’article se propose d’expliciter l’équivocité de la notion d’insécurité en analysant les cinq grandes peurs des Québécois face à l’immigration : peur d’être envahi, de se faire voler « sa job », d’être incapable d’intégrer les nouveaux arrivants, des affrontements interethniques, de la perte d’identité. Il apparaît que le propre de l’insécurité est de jouer avec des mots à double sens, de généraliser la peur en plusieurs lieux du social et de garder le caractère éminent et omniprésent de la menace. Il y a une impossibilité de fixer une cible à l’insécurité. L’article s’interroge notamment sur le rôle des médias dans la vulgarisation de ces peurs. Si les discours médiatiques ont réussi à désapproprier le corps social de sa possibilité de dramatisation, l’insécurité, avec ses multiples peurs, continue, elle, à animer une forme dégradée des rapports sociaux. C’est dans cette perspective que sont analysés les enjeux et les défis de l’immigration pour la société québécoise.
Politiques publiques et jeunes en difficulté. Une insécurité sociale programmée ?
Authors: Bailleau Francis
Published: February 2016

En cette période de mutations sociales, les politiques publiques en direction des jeunes en difficulté sont au centre de nombreux débats, qu’il s’agisse des politiques qui s’adressent aux jeunes repérés nominativement sous mandat (certaines politiques sociales, les politiques judiciaires, éducatives sous contrôle judiciaire, pénitentiaires) ou de celles qui visent un public plus large (les politiques de l’aide sociale à l’enfance, d’animation sociale et culturelle, de formation professionnelle, d’insertion sociale et professionnelle, de lutte contre la toxicomanie, de santé, de rénovation de l’habitat...), les secondes ayant pour objectif affiché d’éviter la prise en charge de certains jeunes par les premières. En centrant l’analyse sur les jeunes en difficulté aussi bien que sur les politiques visant à limiter les effets du rétrécissement du marché de l’emploi salarié pour les jeunes, l’article cherche à préciser les conditions dans lesquelles ces politiques se sont mises en place et à en mesurer les effets pour ces populations fragilisées.
Entre ordre et délinquance, brève note sur l’insécurité policière
Authors: Monjardet Dominique
Published: February 2016

Si la « bavure » policière est un incident, c’est au sens de l’incident critique, qui condense et permet donc d’analyser le fonctionnement d’ensemble du système en cause. L’auteur montre ainsi que la polarisation de la culture professionnelle des policiers sur la guerre contre le crime et celle du Prince sur le maintien de l’ordre public se combinent pour détourner la police de s’intéresser à la demande sociale de sécurité, quand elles n’engendrent pas elles-mêmes l’insécurité.
Migration, imagination, poétique. Le paradigme transnational chez Marie-Célie Agnant
Authors: Ziethen Antje
Published: February 2016

Le présent article analyse La Dot de Sara et Le Livre d’Emma, de l’écrivaine haïtienne-québécoise Marie-Célie Agnant, sous l’angle du transnationalisme, notion empruntée aux sciences sociales. Il s’agit de démontrer que le paradigme transnational y est plus qu’un simple enjeu thématique et diégétique, car il se manifeste dans la structure, la narration et la langue des deux romans. La tension entre pays d’origine et pays d’accueil, fiction et monde référentiel, expérience individuelle et collective, hors-texte et texte façonne une poétique portée par la géographie migratoire dont sont marqués les personnages et l’auteure.
« Voir le monde pour dire l’exception ». Identifications culturelles et littératures de la postcolonie
Authors: Diakité Boubakary
Published: February 2016

Alors que l’historiographie s’accorde à considérer que, dans leur ensemble, les littératures africaines du XXe siècle se complaisent dans une défense exclusive des traditions locales, cet article propose une analyse de L’Aventure ambiguë de Cheikh Hamidou Kane comme un commerce du regard. Il démontre comment ce roman de Kane (re)pose la question de l’altérité dans une démarche similaire et peut-être plus complexe que celles des générations du XXIe siècle, dites de la « postcolonialité » et de la « littérature-monde ». Contrairement aux idées reçues, les écrivains de la génération de Cheikh Hamidou Kane montrent une conscience du monde et une capacité de s’engager dans des combinaisons culturelles qui transcendent la race ou les origines géographiques. Comme toutes les générations d’écrivains, leurs choix révèlent des manières de se voir dans le monde selon des taxinomies qui, en elles-mêmes, expriment la pluralité des orientations que rend possible l’histoire de l’Afrique.
Propos sur un bout de bois
Authors: Liébert Adeline
Published: February 2016

Guidée par la rame qu’Ulysse emporta sur son épaule pour un dernier voyage, nous développons une méditation sur les oeuvres intrinsèquement comparatistes, leur aptitude à croiser des voix, des langues, des repères anthropologiques dans une poétique du métissage, de l’hybridité. « Zeugmatique » est le nom que nous avons retenu pour cette littérature qui nous amène à interroger le fait comparatiste en lui-même et à analyser le principe de « reliance » qui préside à toute recherche en littérature comparée.
Metamorphosis of the invasive ascidianCiona savignyi: environmental variables and chemical exposure
Authors: Cahill Patrick L. , Atalah Javier , Selwood Andrew I. , Kuhajek Jeanne M.
Published: February 2016

In this study, the effects of environmental variables on larval metamorphosis of the solitary ascidianCiona savignyiwere investigated in a laboratory setting. The progression of metamorphic changes were tracked under various temperature, photoperiod, substrate, larval density, and vessel size regimes. Metamorphosis was maximised at 18 °C, 12:12 h subdued light:dark, smooth polystyrene substrate, and 10 larvae mL−1in a twelve-well tissue culture plate. Eliminating the air-water interface by filling culture vessels to capacity further increased the proportion of metamorphosed larvae; 87 ± 5% of larvae completed metamorphosis within 5 days compared to 45 ± 5% in control wells. The effects of the reference antifouling compounds polygodial, portimine, oroidin, chlorothalonil, and tolylfluanid onC. savignyiwere subsequently determined, highlighting (1) the sensitivity ofC. savignyimetamorphosis to chemical exposure and (2) the potential to useC. savignyilarvae to screen for bioactivity in an optimised laboratory setting. The compounds were bioactive in the low ng mL−1to high µg mL−1range. Polygodial was chosen for additional investigations, where it was shown that mean reductions in the proportions of larvae reaching stage E were highly repeatable both within (repeatability = 14 ± 9%) and between (intermediate precision = 17 ± 3%) independent experiments. An environmental extract had no effect on the larvae but exposing larvae to both the extract and polygodial reduced potency relative to polygodial alone. This change in potency stresses the need for caution when working with complex samples, as is routinely implemented when isolating natural compounds from their biological source. Overall, the outcomes of this study highlight the sensitivity ofC. savignyimetamorphosis to environmental variations and chemical exposure.
Fault‐related fold styles and progressions in fold‐thrust belts: Insights from sandbox modeling
Authors: Yan Dan‐Ping , Xu Yan‐Bo , Dong Zhou‐Bin , Qiu Liang , Zhang Sen , Wells Michael
Published: February 2016

Fault‐related folds of variable structural styles and assemblages commonly coexist in orogenic belts with competent‐incompetent interlayered sequences. Despite their commonality, the kinematic evolution of these structural styles and assemblages are often loosely constrained because multiple solutions exist in their structural progression during tectonic restoration. We use a sandbox modeling instrument with a particle image velocimetry monitor to test four designed sandbox models with multilayer competent‐incompetent materials. Test results reveal that decollement folds initiate along selected incompetent layers with decreasing velocity difference and constant vorticity difference between the hanging wall and footwall of the initial fault tips. The decollement folds are progressively converted to fault‐propagation folds and fault‐bend folds through development of fault ramps breaking across competent layers and are followed by propagation into fault flats within an upper incompetent layer. Thick‐skinned thrust is produced by initiating a decollement fault within the metamorphic basement. Progressive thrusting and uplifting of the thick‐skinned thrust trigger initiation of the uppermost incompetent decollement with formation of a decollement fold and subsequent converting to fault‐propagation and fault‐bend folds, which combine together to form imbricate thrust. Breakouts at the base of the early formed fault ramps along the lowest incompetent layers, which may correspond to basement‐cover contacts, domes the upmost decollement and imbricate thrusts to form passive roof duplexes and constitute the thin‐skinned thrust belt. Structural styles and assemblages in each of tectonic stages are similar to that in the representative orogenic belts in the South China, Southern Appalachians, and Alpine orogenic belts.
Simulated effect of deep‐sea sedimentation and terrestrial weathering on projections of ocean acidification
Authors: Cao Long , Zheng Meidi , Caldeira Ken
Published: February 2016

Projections of ocean acidification have often been based on ocean carbon cycle models that do not represent deep‐sea sedimentation and terrestrial weathering. Here we use an Earth system model of intermediate complexity to quantify the effect of sedimentation and weathering on projections of ocean acidification under an intensive CO2 emission scenario that releases 5000 Pg C after year 2000. In our simulations, atmospheric CO2 reaches a peak concentration of 2123 ppm near year 2300 with a maximum reduction in surface pH of 0.8. Consideration of deep‐sea sedimentation and terrestrial weathering has negligible effect on these peak changes. Only after several millenniums, sedimentation and weathering feedbacks substantially affect projected ocean acidification. Ten thousand years from today, in the constant‐alkalinity simulation, surface pH is reduced by ∼0.7 with 95% of the polar oceans undersaturated with respect to calcite, and no ocean has a calcite saturation horizon (CSH) that is deeper than 1000 m. With the consideration of sediment feedback alone, surface pH is reduced by ∼0.5 with 35% of the polar oceans experiencing calcite undersaturation, and 8% global ocean has a CSH deeper than 1000 m. With the addition of weathering feedback, depending on the weathering parameterizations, surface pH is reduced by 0.2–0.4 with no polar oceans experiencing calcite undersaturation, and 30–80% ocean has a CSH that is deeper than 1000 m. Our results indicate that deep‐sea sedimentation and terrestrial weathering play an important role in long‐term ocean acidification, but have little effect on mitigating ocean acidification in the coming centuries.
Fire disturbance effects on land surface albedo in Alaskan tundra
Authors: French Nancy H. F. , Whitley Matthew A. , Jenkins Liza K.
Published: February 2016

The study uses satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer albedo products (MCD43A3) to assess changes in albedo at two sites in the treeless tundra region of Alaska, both within the foothills region of the Brooks Range, the 2007 Anaktuvuk River Fire (ARF) and 2012 Kucher Creek Fire (KCF). Results are compared to each other and other studies to assess the magnitude of albedo change and the longevity of impact of fire on land surface albedo. In both sites there was a marked decrease of albedo in the year following the fire. In the ARF, albedo slowly increased until 4 years after the fire, when it returned to albedo values prior to the fire. For the year immediately after the fire, a threefold difference in the shortwave albedo decrease was found between the two sites. ARF showed a 45.3% decrease, while the KCF showed a 14.1% decrease in shortwave albedo, and albedo is more variable in the KCF site than ARF site 1 year after the fire. These differences are possibly the result of differences in burn severity of the two fires, wherein the ARF burned more completely with more contiguous patches of complete burn than KCF. The impact of fire on average growing season (April–September) surface shortwave forcing in the year following fire is estimated to be 13.24 ± 6.52 W m−2 at the ARF site, a forcing comparable to studies in other treeless ecosystems. Comparison to boreal studies and the implications to energy flux are discussed in the context of future increases in fire occurrence and severity in a warming climate.
Groundwater exchanges near a channelized versus unmodified stream mouth discharging to a subalpine lake
Authors: Constantz J. , Naranjo R. , Niswonger R. , Allander K. , Neilson B. , Rosenberry D. , Smith D. , Rosecrans C. , Stonestrom D.
Published: February 2016

The terminus of a stream flowing into a larger river, pond, lake, or reservoir is referred to as the stream‐mouth reach or simply the stream mouth. The terminus is often characterized by rapidly changing thermal and hydraulic conditions that result in abrupt shifts in surface water/groundwater (sw/gw) exchange patterns, creating the potential for unique biogeochemical processes and ecosystems. Worldwide shoreline development is changing stream‐lake interfaces through channelization of stream mouths, i.e., channel straightening and bank stabilization to prevent natural meandering at the shoreline. In the central Sierra Nevada (USA), Lake Tahoe's shoreline has an abundance of both “unmodified” (i.e., not engineered though potentially impacted by broader watershed engineering) and channelized stream mouths. Two representative stream mouths along the lake's north shore, one channelized and one unmodified, were selected to compare and contrast water and heat exchanges. Hydraulic and thermal properties were monitored during separate campaigns in September 2012 and 2013 and sw/gw exchanges were estimated within the stream mouth‐shoreline continuum. Heat‐flow and water‐flow patterns indicated clear differences in the channelized versus the unmodified stream mouth. For the channelized stream mouth, relatively modulated, cool‐temperature, low‐velocity longitudinal streambed flows discharged offshore beneath warmer buoyant lakeshore water. In contrast, a seasonal barrier bar formed across the unmodified stream mouth, creating higher‐velocity subsurface flow paths and higher diurnal temperature variations relative to shoreline water. As a consequence, channelization altered sw/gw exchanges potentially altering biogeochemical processing and ecological systems in and near the stream mouth.
Thiessen Polygons
Authors: Yamada Ikuho
Published: February 2016

Thiessen polygons, also known as Voronoi polygons, are generated around a set of points in a given space by assigning all locations in that space to the closest member of the point set. Any location in a Thiessen polygon is closer to the corresponding point inside it than to any other member of the point set. A spatial tessellation generated in this way is called a Voronoi diagram. Each Voronoi polygon may be seen as an area of influence of a point in the given set. The concept of the Voronoi diagram is often utilized in spatial interpolation, market area analysis, point pattern analysis, and locational optimization, and also for models of spatial processes. The Voronoi diagram, as well as the Delaunay tessellation, which is its dual, is an interdisciplinary concept that has been used extensively in many different fields including geography.
Soils of Mountainous Landscapes
Authors: Egli Markus , Poulenard Jérôme
Published: February 2016

Unlike many other soils, mountain soils often are subjected to strong hillslope processes that distinctly affect their properties. At unstable sites, erosion and other mass movements lead to a continuous rejuvenation of the soil. Under such circumstances weathering rates are kept at high levels, as new parent material is intermittently exposed, leading to the development of a shallow soil cover. Mountain soils are highly dynamic systems that may react sensitively to environmental changes. In addition, they may accumulate a substantial amount of organic carbon. However, the sometimes high C stocks are under threat due to the changing climate and increasing land‐use pressures.
Comparison of transplant outcomes from matched sibling bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell and unrelated cord blood in patients 50 years or older
Authors: Konuma Takaaki , Tsukada Nobuhiro , Kanda Junya , Uchida Naoyuki , Ohno Yuju , Miyakoshi Shigesaburo , Kanamori Heiwa , Hidaka Michihiro , Sakura Toru , Onizuka Makoto , Kobayashi Naoki , Sawa Masashi , Eto Tetsuya , Matsuhashi Yoshiko , Kato Koji , Ichinohe Tatsuo , Atsuta Yoshiko , Miyamura Koichi ,   Donor/Source Working Group of the Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Published: February 2016

Older recipient and donor age were associated with higher incidences of severe graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from matched sibling donors (MSDs) and matched unrelated donors. Since a lower incidence of severe GVHD is advantageous in unrelated cord blood transplantation (CBT), a higher incidence of GVHD using older MSDs could be overcome using cord blood for older patients. We retrospectively analyzed Japanese registration data of 2,091 patients with acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and myelodysplastic syndrome aged 50 years or older who underwent MSD bone marrow transplantation (BMT) (n = 319), MSD peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) (n = 462), or unrelated CBT (n = 1,310) between 2007 and 2012. Median age of MSD was 56 (range, 38–74) years. Compared with CBT, the risk of developing extensive chronic GVHD was higher after BMT (hazard ratio [HR], 2.00; P = 0.001) or PBSCT (HR, 2.38; P < 0.001), and transplant‐related mortality was lower after BMT (HR, 0.61; P < 0.001) or PBSCT (HR, 0.63; P < 0.001). Relapse rates were not significant difference between three groups. Although overall mortality was lower after BMT (HR, 0.67; P < 0.001) or PBSCT (HR, 0.75; P = 0.002) compared with CBT, the rates of a composite endpoint of GVHD‐free, relapse‐free survival (GRFS) were not significant difference between three groups. These data showed that MSDs remain the best donor source for older patients, but CBT led to similar GRFS to BMT and PBSCT. Am. J. Hematol. 91:E284–E292, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thrombopoietin receptor agonists for preparing adult patients with immune thrombocytopenia to splenectomy: results of a retrospective, observational GIMEMA study
Authors: Zaja Francesco , Barcellini Wilma , Cantoni Silvia , Carpenedo Monica , Caparrotti Giuseppe , Carrai Valentina , Di Renzo Nicola , Santoro Cristina , Di Nicola Massimo , Veneri Dino , Simonetti Federico , Liberati Anna M. , Ferla Valeria , Paoloni Francesca , Crea Enrico , Volpetti Stefano , Tuniz Enrica , Fanin Renato
Published: February 2016

In patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) refractory to corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), splenectomy may result at higher risk of peri‐operative complications and, for this reason, potentially contraindicated. The thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO‐RAs) romiplostim and eltrombopag have shown high therapeutic activity in primary ITP, but data of efficacy and safety regarding their use in preparation for splenectomy are missing. Thirty‐one adult patients, median age 50 years, with corticosteroids and/or IVIG refractory persistent and chronic ITP who were treated with TPO‐RAs (romiplostim= 24; eltrombopag= 7) with the aim to increase platelet count and allow a safer execution of splenectomy were retrospectively evaluated. Twenty‐four patients (77%) responded to the use of TPO‐RAs with a median platelet count that increased from 11 × 109/L before starting TPO‐RAs to 114 × 109/L pre‐splenectomy, but a concomitant treatment with corticosteroids and/or IVIG was required in 19 patients. Twenty‐nine patients underwent splenectomy while two patients who responded to TPO‐RAs subsequently refused surgery. Post‐splenectomy complications were characterized by two Grade 3 thrombotic events (1 portal vein thrombosis in the patient with previous history of HCV hepatitis and 1 pulmonary embolism), with a platelet count at the time of thrombosis of 260 and 167 × 109/L, respectively and one Grade 3 infectious event. TPO‐RAs may represent a therapeutic option to improve platelet count and reduce the risk of peri‐operative complications in ITP candidates to splenectomy. An increased risk of post‐splenectomy thromboembolic events cannot be ruled out and thromboprophylaxis with low‐molecular weight heparin is generally recommended. Am. J. Hematol. 91:E293–E295, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Central nervous system diseases of organic solvents exposed workers based on nationwide medical surveillance‐data in Korea
Authors: Min Young‐Sun , Ahn Yeon‐Soon
Published: February 2016

Background

New light is being shed on the relationship between chronic neurotoxicity of the central nervous system (CNS) and exposure to low‐level organic solvents (OS). However, there are few longitudinal studies with a large sample size.

Methods

A cohort of OS‐exposed male workers was selected who had undergone an OS‐associated specialized medical check‐up at least once between 2000 and 2004 in Korea. The standardized admission ratios (SAR) for CNS diseases were calculated with reference to the Korean adult male population. Adjusted relative risks (ARR) were also estimated in comparison to noise‐exposed male workers.

Results

There were 238,574 OS‐exposed workers, yielding 954,772 person‐years of exposure. OS‐exposed workers were at elevated risk of “other extrapyramidal and movement disorders” (G25) with a SAR = 2.95 (95% CI: 1.41–5.42) and “systemic atrophies primarily affecting the CNS” (G10–G13) SAR = 2.08 (95% CI: 1.03–3.74). There were no significant differences between the OS‐exposed workers and noise‐exposed workers.

Conclusions

A limited number of CNS diseases identified through hospital admissions data and short observation periods reduced statistical power to determine effect size. OS exposure was positively associated with “other extrapyramidal and movement disorder and systemic atrophies primarily affecting the CNS. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:392–398, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On the Relationship Between Tooth Shape and Masticatory Efficiency: A Finite Element Study
Authors: Berthaume Michael A.
Published: February 2016

Dental topography has successfully linked disparate tooth shapes to distinct dietary categories, but not to masticatory efficiency. Here, the relationship between four dental topographic metrics and brittle food item breakdown efficiency during compressive biting was investigated using a parametric finite element model of a bunodont molar. Food item breakdown efficiency was chosen to represent masticatory efficiency as it isolated tooth–food item interactions, where most other categories of masticatory efficiency include several aspects of the masticatory process. As relative food item size may affect the presence/absence of any relationship, four isometrically scaled, hemispherical, proxy food items were considered. Topographic metrics were uncorrelated to food item breakdown efficiency irrespective of relative food item size, and dental topographic metrics were largely uncorrelated to one another. The lack of a correlation between topographic metrics and food item breakdown efficiency is not unexpected as not all food items break down in the same manner (e.g., nuts are crushed, leaves are sheared), and only one food item shape was considered. In addition, food item breakdown efficiency describes tooth–food item interactions and requires location and shape specific information, which are absent from dental topographic metrics. This makes it unlikely any one efficiency metric will be correlated to all topographic metrics. These results emphasize the need to take into account how food items break down during biting, ingestion, and mastication when investigating the mechanical relationship between food item shape, size, mechanical properties, and breakdown, and tooth shape. Anat Rec, 299:679–687, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of total stent length after cobalt chromium everolimus‐eluting stent implantation on 3‐year clinical outcomes
Authors: Hiromasa Takashi , Kuramitsu Shoichi , Shinozaki Tomohiro , Jinnouchi Hiroyuki , Morinaga Takashi , Kobayashi Yohei , Domei Takenori , Soga Yoshimitsu , Shirai Shinichi , Ando Kenji
Published: February 2016

Objectives

The objective was to assess whether total stent length (TSL) after cobalt‐chromium everolimus‐eluting stent (CoCr‐EES) implantation was associated with long‐term clinical outcomes.

Background

The impact of TSL after CoCr‐EES implantation on long‐term clinical outcomes remained unclear.

Methods

A total of 1,007 consecutive patients with 1,382 lesions treated only with CoCr‐EES were analyzed. Patients and lesions were divided into tertile group: TSL per patient (TSL‐P) (PA [8–23 mm], n = 382; PB [23–46 mm], n = 312; and PC [46–204 mm], n = 313), and TSL per lesion (TSL‐L) (LA [8–18 mm], n = 486; LB [18–28 mm], n = 475; and LC [28–140 mm], n = 421). The cumulative 3‐year incidence of clinically driven target‐lesion revascularization (CD‐TLR) and definite stent thrombosis (ST) based on TSL‐P and TSL‐L groupings were accessed.

Results

After inverse probability of weighted adjustment, the cumulative 3‐year incidence of CD‐TLR for the TSL‐P and TSL‐L were higher in the PC and LC groups than in the other groups (hazard ratio [HR] 2.92, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.66–5.15, P < 0.001 vs. PA; HR 2.49, 95% CI 1.47–4.20, P < 0.001 vs. PB; HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.15–3.28, P = 0.01 vs. LA; HR 2.80, 95% CI 1.73–4.54, P < 0.001 vs. LB, respectively). No significant differences in the cumulative 3‐year incidence of definite ST were observed in both TSL‐P and TSL‐L groups.

Conclusions

TSL after CoCr‐EES implantation has significantly impact on CD‐TLR rate through 3 years, but it is not associated with an increased incidence of definite ST. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stenting for left subclavian artery stenosis in patients scheduled for left internal mammary artery‐coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Che Wu‐qiang , Dong Hui , Jiang Xiong‐jing , Peng Meng , Zou Yu‐bao , Qian Hai‐yan , Zhang Hui‐min , Wu Hai‐ying , Yang Yue‐jin , Gao Run‐lin
Published: February 2016

Objectives

To evaluate the early and long‐term outcomes of stent placement for left subclavian artery stenosis (LSAS) in patients scheduled for left internal mammary artery‐coronary artery bypass grafting (LIMA‐CABG).

Background

Few studies have demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of endovascular therapy for the treatment of LSAS before LIMA‐CABG; therefore, use of this therapy requires further exploration and evaluation.

Methods

Between February 2000 and April 2014, the clinical data of 167 consecutive patients (mean age 64  ± 9 years, 141 males) scheduled for LIMA‐CABG with LSAS who were treated by stenting at the Fuwai Hospital were collected and analyzed retrospectively.

Results

The technical success rate of the procedure was 97.6% (163/167). The mean stenosis of target lesions decreased from 86.5 ± 9.9% to 7.6 ± 4.6% (P < 0.001). The incidences of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction, as well as the combined incidence of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction from the time of stenting to 30 days after the stenting procedure were 0.6% (n = 1), 1.8% (n = 3), 0% (n = 0), and 1.8% (n = 3), respectively. The 10‐year rate of follow‐up was 94.6%. The overall survival rate was 98.8% at 1 year, 97.5% at 2 years, 93.9% at 5 years, and 86.2% at 10 years. A total of 14.1% (23/163) of patients developed in‐stent restenosis. Stent restenosis‐related angina and myocardial infarction were observed in 13 and 3 patients, respectively. The patency rates of the left subclavian artery were 95.7, 93.8, 86.5, and 75.2% at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years, respectively. The target vessel reconstruction rate was 8.0% (13/163).

Conclusions

Stenting of LSAS at experienced medical centers for patients scheduled for LIMA‐CABG was safe and effective with a low incidence of complication and in‐stent restenosis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On molecular topological properties of hex‐derived networks
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Baig Abdul Qudair , Ali Haidar
Published: February 2016

Topological indices are numerical parameters of a molecular graph, which characterize its topology and are usually graph invariant. In quantitative structure–activity relationship/quantitative structure–property relationship study, physico‐chemical properties and topological indices such as Randić, atom–bond connectivity (ABC), and geometric–arithmetic (GA) index are used to predict the bioactivity of chemical compounds. Graph theory has found a considerable use in this area of research. In this paper, we study hex‐derived networksHDN1(n) andHDN2(n), which are generated by hexagonal network of dimensionnand derive analytical closed results of general Randić indexRα(G) for different values ofα, for these networks of dimensionn. We also compute the general first Zagreb,ABC,GA,ABC4, andGA5indices for these hex‐derived networks for the first time and give closed formulae of these degree‐based indices for hex‐derived networks. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. VON SILYLCYCLOPENTADIEN
Authors: HAGEN ARNULF P. , RUSSO PETER J.
Published: February 2016

K‐cyclopentadienid (I) (aus metallischem K und Cyclopentadien bei ‐78°C dargestellt) reagierte mit Silylbromid (II) bei ‐196°C zu Silylcyclopentadien (III) (Ausbeute 89%).
ChemInform Abstract: AROMATISCHE PHOSPHINE MIT SUBSTITUENTEN ZWEITER ORDNUNG 7. MITT. SUBSTITUENTEN‐ UND SOLVENSEINFLUESSE AUF DIE KERNMAGNETISCHE NICHTAEQUIVALENZ BEI PARA‐SUBSTITUIERTEN DIMETHYLBENZAMIDEN
Authors: SCHIEMENZ G. P. , STEIN G.
Published: February 2016

Die Untersuchungen werden an Benzamiden wie (I) und (II) sowie zum Vergleich an o‐substituierten N‐Methyl‐benzamiden und an p‐substituierten Aromaten durchgeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: KOMPLEXE VON METALL‐IONEN MIT PHOSPHOR ODER ARSEN ENTHALTENDEN LIGANDEN 8. MITT. KOMPLEXE VON CADMIUMHALOGENIDEN MIT AETHYLEN‐1,2‐BIS‐(DIPHENYLPHOSPHIN) UND BUTYLEN‐1,4‐BIS‐(DIPHENYLPHOSPHIN)
Authors: SANDHU SARJIT SINGH , DASS RAM , GUPTA M. P.
Published: February 2016

Die thermisch stabilen Komplexe (II) werden durch Umsetzung der Diphosphine (I) mit äquimolaren Mengen des entsprechenden Cd‐halogenids in Äthylalkohol dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: THALLIUM BEI ORGANISCHEN SYNTH. 11. MITT. HERST. VON AZOXY‐VERBINDUNGEN
Authors: MCKILLOP A. , RAPHAEL R. A. , TAYLOR E. C.
Published: February 2016

Nitrobenzol (I) liefert bei Behandlung mit Thallium unter Rückflußbedingungen Azoxybenzol (II) neben Thalliumoxid (III); in Äthanol entsteht Tl(I)‐äthylat (IV) unter glatterem Reaktionsablauf.
ChemInform Abstract: KOORDINATIONSVERBINDUNGEN VON AMINOTRIBUTOXYSILAN
Authors: PAUL RAM CHAND , AGGARWAL V. K. , AHLUWALIA SUBHASH CHANDER , NARULA SURAJ PRAKASH
Published: February 2016

Die 1:1‐Additionsverbindungen (II) bilden sich bei der Umsetzung der Metallchloride mit dem Silan (I) in Tetrachlorkohlenstoff.
ChemInform Abstract: INDIREKTE KERNSPINKOPPLUNG EINIGER METHYL‐, VINYL‐ UND PHENYLVERBINDUNGEN DER ELEMENTE CD, SN, HG, TL UND PB
Authors: HILDENBRAND K. , DREESKAMP H.
Published: February 2016

Durch heteronukleare Doppelresonanz wurden die Konstanten der indirekten Kernspinkopplung in den Verbindungen (I)‐(V) mit Vorzeichen relativ zu (1)JCH bzw. 3JHH bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: KOMPLEXE VON MOLYBDAEN(VI) UND MOLYBDAEN(VI) MIT DITHIOCARBAMAT, DITHIOCARBONAT UND DITHIOPHOSPHAT
Authors: JOWITT R. N. , MITCHELL P. C. H.
Published: February 2016

Beim Erwärmen des Komplexes (I) in Eisessig bildete sich der Komplex (II).
ChemInform Abstract: SUBSTITUTIONSEINFLUESSE AUF DIE SCHWINGUNGSFREQUENZEN MY(CO) VON METALLCARBONYLEN
Authors: BESNAINOV SYLVETTE , LABARBE PIERRE
Published: February 2016

Nach Schachtschneider wurden die Kraftkonstanten der Metallcarbonyle (I) bis (III) und der substituierten Ni‐Komplexe(IV) berechnet und den beobachteten Frequenzen der Komplexe (IV) angeglichen.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMIE VON GEMISCHTEN UEBERGANGSMETALL‐KOMPLEXEN 1. MITT. DARST. VON TRICARBONYLEISEN‐MY‐CARBONYL‐MY‐DIPHENYLPHOSPHIDO‐PI‐CYCLOPENTADIENYLNICKEL
Authors: YASUFUKU KATSUTOSHI , YAMAZAKI HIROSHI
Published: February 2016

Der stabile Fe‐Ni‐Komplex (III) wird bei der Reaktion des Nickelocens (I) mit dem Fe‐carbonyl (II) in THF bei Raumtemperatur in 35%iger Ausbeute dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: LASER‐INDUZIERTE CHEMISCHE RK. 3. MITT. ZERS. VON CARBONSAEURE‐METALLSALZEN UND SELEKTIVE ZERS.
Authors: TAKI KO , KIM PIL HYON , NAMBA SUSUMU
Published: February 2016

Cu‐arylat, ‐succinat, ‐maleat und ‐fumarat werden thermisch und durch Laserbestrahlung zersetzt und die Produktverteilung ermittelt.
ChemInform Abstract: NICKEL(II)‐, KOBALT(II)‐ UND KUPFER(II)‐KOMPLEXE MIT N‐METHYL‐P‐NITROSOANILIN UND P‐NITROSOANILIN
Authors: POPP CARL J. , RAGSDALE RONALD O.
Published: February 2016

Die Komplexe (I) und (II) wurden nach bekannten Methoden dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATIVE ADDITION UND ANDERE RK. VON RH‐, IR‐ UND PT‐KOMPLEXEN MIT KOHLENSTOFFDISULFID, AETHYLDITHIOCHLORFORMIAT UND SAEUREN
Authors: COMMEREUC D. , DOUEK I. , WILKINSON G.
Published: February 2016

Bei der Reaktion des Komplexes (II) mit Äthyldithiochlorformiat bildet sich in 70%iger Ausbeute der Komplex (I); bei der Umsetzung mit Diphenyldithiophosphinsäure bzw. Trifluoressigsäure entstehen die Komplexe (III) bzw. (V) (Ausbeute 70 bzw. 75%).
ChemInform Abstract: ISOTHIAZOL‐CHEMIE 10. MITT. ACYLIERUNG, ALKYLIERUNG UND TAUTOMERIE VON 3‐HYDROXY‐ISOTHIAZOL
Authors: CHAN A. W. K. , CROW W. D. , GOSNEY I.
Published: February 2016

Die Titelverbindung liegt in nichtpolaren Lösungsmitteln in der Lactim‐Form (Ia), in wäßriger Lösung überwiegend in der Lactam‐Form (IIa) vor.
ChemInform Abstract: NITROVINYLIERUNG VON C‐H‐ACIDEN VERBINDUNGEN
Authors: VOLYNSKIJ V. E. , PEREKALIN V. V. , SOPOVA A. S.
Published: February 2016

Durch Reaktion der Na‐Salze (I) von nicht enolisierbaren C‐H‐aciden Verbindungen mit den Halogennitrostyrolen (II) bei 0°C in Methanol erhält man die α‐Nitromethyl‐styrole (III); die Ausbeute beträgt bei Einsatz der C1‐Verbindungen (IIa) 48 bzw. 57%, der J‐Verbindungen (IIb) 90 bzw. 80%.
ChemInform Abstract: AROMATISCHE HYDRAZO‐ UND AZOVERBINDUNGEN 3. MITT. NITRIERUNG VON TETRA‐ UND PENTANITROHYDRAZOBENZOLEN
Authors: BUZYKIN B. I. , SARNIN G. P.
Published: February 2016

Bei der Nitrierung des Tetranitrohydrazobenzols (Ia) mit konz. Salpetersäure bei 15°C erhält man das Pentanitrohydrazobenzol (II) (Ausbeute 16%) neben dem durch Oxidation der Ausgangsverbindung entstandenen Tetranitroazobenzol (IIIa) (80%).
ChemInform Abstract: RED. UND ELIMINIERUNG ALS NEBENRK. BEI DER SUBSTITUTION VON VINYL‐BROMID‐GRUPPIERUNGEN MIT LITHIUM‐KUPFER‐ORGANOMETALL‐VERBINDUNGEN
Authors: WORM A. T. , BREWSTER J. H.
Published: February 2016

Anhand von β‐Brom‐styrol (I) wurde die Reaktion mit den Li‐Cu‐Reagentien (II) untersucht und für verschiedene Reste Rder Anteil an Reduktionsprodukt (IV) und Styrol (V) neben den Substitutionsprodukten (III) ermittelt.
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCYCLISIERUNGEN VON O‐CARBOXY‐PHENYLACETONITRILEN 3. MITT. CYCLISIERUNG MIT PCL5, DARST. VON 4‐ALKYL‐1,3‐DICHLOR‐ISOCHINOLINEN
Authors: PANGON GERARD
Published: February 2016

Die aus den entsprechenden Methylestern durch selektive Hydrolyse dargestellten Nitrilsäuren (I) (78‐97% Ausbeute) werden mit PCl2 in POCl3 heterocyclisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMIE DER AETHER MIT UNGESAETTIGTEN RESTEN 16. MITT. RK. VON GRIGNARD‐REAGENZIEN MIT 2‐METHOXY‐2‐METHYL‐ALKINEN‐(3)
Authors: MKRJAN G. M. , GASPARJAN S. M. , MELKONJAN N. K. , NAZARJAN A. A.
Published: February 2016

Bei der Reaktion der Methoxyalkine (I) (in 60‐66%iger Ausbeute dargestellt aus den entsprechenden Alkinolen und Dimethylsulfat) mit den Alkyl‐ Mg‐bromiden (II) in siedendem Dibutyläther entstehen primär die Radikale (III) und (IV), die durch Rekombination die Alkine (V) (Ausbeute 29‐35%) sowie die Alkadiine (VI) (30‐32%) geben.
ChemInform Abstract: FREIE ACYLRADIKALE 2. MITT.
Authors: DUBCENKO V. N.
Published: February 2016

Die Carbonsäureester (I) zerfallen an Aktivkohle thermisch zu den Acylradikalen (II), die mit zugesetztem Tetrachlormethan glatt zu den Säurechloriden (III) reagieren (Ausbeute 46‐98%); die Stabilität der Radikale (IIb) nimmt bei Verlängerung der Reste R(1) ab.
ChemInform Abstract: HG‐SENSIBILISIERTE PHOTOLYSE VON FLUOROLEFINEN 1. MITT. 1,1‐DICHLOR‐2,2‐DIFLUORAETHYLEN
Authors: LOMAS D. , TARRANT P.
Published: February 2016

Die Photolyse von 1,1‐Dichlor‐2,2‐difluor‐äthylen (I) liefert mit hoher Umwandlungsrate die Reaktionsprodukte (II)‐(IV).
ChemInform Abstract: ANCHIMERE UNTERSTUETZUNG BEI LIGAND‐KUPPLUNGSRK. VON PI‐PALLADIUMACETAT‐KOMPLEXEN
Authors: TAKAHASI Y. , TSUKIYAMA K. , SAKAI S. , ISHII Y.
Published: February 2016

Beim Erhitzen unter CO in Benzol erhält man aus dem Pd‐acetylacetonat (I) durch Kupplung die beiden Kondensationsprodukte (II) und (III).
ChemInform Abstract: FLUOR‐ENTHALTENDE CHELATBILDNER
Authors: SRIBNER W. G. , SMITH B. H. , MOSHIER R. W. , SIEVERS R. E.
Published: February 2016

Trifluoraceton (I) liefert bei der Claisen‐Kondensation mit den Estern (IIa), (IIb) die beiden fluorhaltigen Diketone (IIIa), (IIIb), die als Chelatbildner untersucht wurden.
ChemInform Abstract: RK. ALPHA,BETA‐UNGESAETTIGTER AMINO‐IMINE MIT ALKYLLITHIUM‐VERBINDUNGEN
Authors: FISHER K. J.
Published: February 2016

Die Reaktion der Amino‐imine (I) und (II) mit Organolithium‐Verbindungen wurde untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: O‐BENZYL‐N‐TERT.‐BUTOXYCARBONYL‐L‐SERIN
Authors: HRUBY V. J. , EHLER K. W.
Published: February 2016

N‐tert.‐Butoxycarbonyl‐serin (I) liefert bei Behandlung mit metallischem Natrium und anschließend mit Benzylbromid direkt das O‐Benzyl‐Derivat (II) ohne optische Racemisierung.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. VON KOHLENSAEURE‐PHENYL‐CARBOXYMETHYLESTERN UND IHREN S‐ANALOGEN
Authors: HONKANEN ERKKI
Published: February 2016

Durch Kondensation der Kohlensäurederivate (I) mit den Estern (II) und nachfolgende Hydrolyse der entstandenen Ester (IIIa) mit Trifluoressigsäure in siedendem Benzol gelingt die Darstellung der bislang noch nicht beschriebenen 8 Verbindungen (IIIb) (25‐80% Ausbeute).
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANISCHE SCHWEFELVERBINDUNGEN 7. MITT. 3‐ARYLAMINO‐1,3‐DIARYL‐PROPEN‐(2)‐THIONE‐(1)
Authors: DUGUAY GUY , QUINIOU HERVE
Published: February 2016

Die in 45‐89%iger Ausbeute erhaltenen Dithiolyliumsalze (Ia) bzw. (Ib) geben mit Arylaminen, wie z.B. (II), nur die Aminopropenthione (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb), die (Ic) dagegen daneben noch die Isomeren (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: EINFACHE UND QUANTITATIVE HERST. VON CIS‐STILBEN UND SEINEM DEUTERIERTEN ANALOGON
Authors: LEVIN G. , JAGUR‐GRODZINSKI J. , SZWARC M.
Published: February 2016

Diphenylacetylen (I) wird mit metallischem Lithium und dann bei niederer Temperatur mit Methanol bzw. mit deuteriertem Methanol behandelt, wobei reines cis‐Stilben (IIa) bzw. das Deuterium‐Analoge (IIb) erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. UND PHOTODIMERISIERUNG VON 4‐NITRO‐1‐PHENYLPENTA‐1,3‐DIEN
Authors: CRIDLAND J. S. , REID S. T.
Published: February 2016

4‐Nitro‐1‐phenylpent‐1‐en‐3‐ol (I), hergestellt aus Zimtaldehyd und Nitroäthan, wird mit Acetylchlorid in Pyridin acetyliert und mit trockener Soda in siedendem Xylol in das Dien (II) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: INNERMOLEKULARE CHLORALKYLIERUNG
Authors: STEVENS M. P. , RAZMARA F.
Published: February 2016

Hexaphenylisobenzofuran (I) liefert mit Acrolein (II) das Addukt (III), das bei Behandlung mit HCl zu dem Benzofluorenylchlorid (IV) umgelagert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR‐SPEKTROSKOPISCHE BEWEISE FUER EINE BEHINDERTE STICKSTOFF‐INVERSION UND DIE NICHTPLANARITAET BEI PERFLUOR‐4‐CHLOR‐2‐HALOGEN‐1,2‐OXAZETIDINEN
Authors: READIO J. D.
Published: February 2016

Hydrolyse des bekannten Oxazetidins (I) liefert das Perfluor‐4‐chlor‐1,2‐ oxazetidin (II), bei dessen Chlorierung bzw. Fluorierung 4‐Chlor‐2‐fluorund 2,4‐Dichlor‐perfluor‐l ,2‐oxazetidin entstehen, für die aufgrund einer ausführlichen NMR‐spektroskopischen Untersuchung das Auftreten der isomeren Formen (IIIa), (IIIb) bzw. (IVa), (IVb) angenommen werden muß.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION VON N‐BROM‐SUCCINIMID AN 3‐SULFOLEN
Authors: LANDESBERG J. M. , SIEGEL M.
Published: February 2016

3‐Sulfolen (I) reagiert in Tetrachlorkohlenstoff und unter Zusatz von Benzoylperoxid mit N‐Brom‐succinimid (II) stereospezifisch zum Addukt (III), das mit Dimethylamin zum Amino‐amid (IVa) gespalten und salzsauer zu (IVb) verseift wird.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCYCLISIERUNG VON BIS‐PHENYLAZO‐STILBEN, EINE MOEGLICHE NEUE QUELLE FUER PHENYLNITREN
Authors: WINTNER C.
Published: February 2016

Bis‐phenylazo‐stilben (I) wird thermisch und photolytisch zum Triazol (II) cyclisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: BASIZITAET VON ISOPERTHIOCYANSAEURE
Authors: SELTZER R. , CONSIDINE W. J.
Published: February 2016

Die Struktur (I) von Isoperthiocyansäure wird z.B. durch Überführung in das Salz (II), die Acetylverbindung (III) oder die Reaktion mit Phenylisocyanat zu (IV) bestätigt.
ChemInform Abstract: ANHYDRO‐2‐HYDROXY‐OXAZOLO(3,2‐A)PYRIDINIUMHYDROXID, EIN MESOIONISCHES OXAZOLON
Authors: BOYD G. V. , WRIGHT P. H.
Published: February 2016

Aus der Carbonsäure (I) und Acetanhydrid‐Perchlorsäure entsteht das Perchlorat (II) (93,4% Ausbeute), das mit Dichlormethan und Triäthylamin in das Münchnon (IIIa) übergeführt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCYCLEN 19. MITT. EINWIRKUNG VON SCHWEFEL UND AMINEN AUF DIHYDRO‐1H‐PYRIMIDINONE‐ BZW. ‐THIONE‐(2)
Authors: ZIGEUNER G. , HAMBERGER H. , ECKER R.
Published: February 2016

Die Pyrimidinone bzw. ‐thione (III) reagieren mit Morpholin (II) und Schwefel zu den Thiocarbonsäuremorpholiden (I), mit Dimethylformamid (IV) oder Tetramethylharnstoff (VII) und Sdagegen nur zu den Dithiolopyrimidinderivaten (V).
ChemInform Abstract: AZONIA‐AZULEN‐SALZE 2. MITT. VERSUCHE ZUR SYNTH. VON AZEPINO(1,2‐A)INDOLIUM‐SALZEN
Authors: CLIFF G. R. , COLLINGTON E. W. , JONES GURNOS
Published: February 2016

Bei der Reduktion des Azepinoindols (I) und des daraus mit Dodekacarbonyltrieisen erhältlichen Komplexes (II) mit Na‐B‐hydrid oder Li‐Al‐hydrid erfolgt sowohl Reduktion des 7‐Ringes als auch Reduktion der Carbonylgruppe.
ChemInform Abstract: Ein neuer Weg zu Azocinen
Authors: ELIX J. A. , WILSON W. S. , WARRENER R. N.
Published: February 2016

Die Triazine (I) reagieren mit Norbornadien (II) über die Zwischenstufen (III) und (IV) zu Diphenyl‐pyridin‐carbonsäureestern (V).
ChemInform Abstract: AZOANTHRACHINONFARBSTOFFE 1. MITT. KONDENSATION VON DERIVATEN DES L‐AMINO‐4‐BROM‐ANTHRACHINONS MIT M‐ UND P‐AMINOAZOBENZOLEN ODER DEREN N‐BENZOLSULFONYL‐DERIVATEN
Authors: TITOVA S. P. , UFIMCEV V. N. , SNER V. F.
Published: February 2016

Die Reaktion des Aminobromanthrachinons (I) mit den Azobenzolen (II) in siedendem Isoamylalkohol in Gegenwart von CuCl und Na‐acetat liefert die Benzolsulfonylazoanthrachinone (III) (Ausbeute 64‐66%), die sich durch Hydrolyse mit konz. Mineralsäuren glatt in die Azoanthrachinone (IV) (94‐98%) überführen lassen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. VON ASPERENON (ALL‐TRANS(E)‐8‐METHYL‐13‐PHENYL‐TRIDECAPENTAEN‐(4,6,8,10,12)‐ON‐(3)), EIN PIGMENT DER ASPERGILLUS‐SPEZIES
Authors: PATTENDEN GERALD
Published: February 2016

Der Aldehyd (III) wird aus Benzaldehyd (I) und der Grignardverbindung des Butins (II) sowie durch anschließende Reduktion mit Li‐Al‐hydrid und saure Aufarbeitung dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: HEPTAEN‐MAKROLIDE 1. MITT. CHARAKTERISIERUNG UND ABBAU 2. MITT. GRUNDSKELETT, STELLUNG DER FUNKTIONELLEN GRUPPEN UND STRUKTUR DER AGLYKONE
Authors: BOHLMANN F. , DEHMLOW E. V. , NEUHAHN H.‐J. , BRANDT R. , REINICKE B.
Published: February 2016

Das aus Streptomyceten isolierte Antibiotikum DJ‐400 läßt sich durch Gegenstromverteilung in die beiden recht ähnlichen Komponenten B1 und B2 zerlegen.
ChemInform Abstract: UMLAGERUNG VON CARBORANYL‐ISONITRILEN ZU CARBORANYL‐NITRILEN
Authors: ZACHARKIN L. I. , KALININ V. N. , GEDYMIN V. V.
Published: February 2016

3‐O‐Carboranyl‐isonitril (II), bei dem sich die Isonitril‐Gruppe an einem Bor‐ Atom befindet, lagert sich beim Erwärmen zu 3‐O‐Carboranyl‐nitril (III) um.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMIE 50. MITT. N‐PHOSPHORYLIERTE AZIRIDINE, RK. VON 2‐JOD‐ALKYLAZIDEN MIT PHOSPHINEN UND PHOSPHITEN
Authors: HASSNER ALFRED , GALLE JAMES E.
Published: February 2016

Die Jodalkylazide (IIIa) (erythro‐ und threo‐Form), (IIIb) (erythro‐Form), (IIIc) und (IIId) reagieren mit Triphenylphosphin (II) bzw. mit den P‐Verbindungen (IV) zu den Aziridinen (I) (7l‐ 100%) bzw. (V) (76‐100%), wobei die erythro‐Form jeweils zu trans‐ und die threo‐Form zu cis‐substituiertem Aziridin führt.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOPHOSPHORVERBINDUNGEN 11. MITT. RK. VON DIMETHYL‐ UND BIS‐(TRIFLUORMETHYL)‐PHOSPHIN MIT OLEFINEN UND PHOTOCHEMISCHE RK. VON AETHYL‐BIS‐(TRIFLUORMETHYL)‐PHOSPHIN MIT AETHYLEN
Authors: FIELDS R. , HASZELDINE R. N. , WOOD N. F.
Published: February 2016

Das Phosphin (I) reagiert bei UV‐Bestrahlung mit den Fluoriden (II) zu den entsprechenden Additionsprodukten (III) und (IV), mit Propen (V) nur zum Produkt (VI) (95%).
ChemInform Abstract: HERST. UND EIGENSCHAFTEN VON BETA‐(PYRIDYL‐2)‐AETHYLESTERN EINIGER THIOSAEUREN DES DREIWERTIGEN ARSENS
Authors: KAMAJ G. CH. , CADAEVA N. A. , MAMAKOV K. A.
Published: February 2016

Dialkyl‐thioarsenigsäure‐β‐(pyridyl‐2)‐äthylester (III) erhält man durch Umsetzung von Dialkyl‐chlorarsin (I) mit β‐(Pyridyl‐2)‐äthylmercaptan (IIa) oder Natrium‐mercaptid (IIb), wobei im ersten Fall das Hydrochlorid von (III) entsteht (Ausbeute 64 ‐ 81%), im zweiten Fall der Ester (III) selbst (71 ‐ 98%).
ChemInform Abstract: TERNAERE SYST. VON NANO3 UND NANO2 MIT NA‐PROPIONAT, NA‐N‐BUTYLAT UND NA‐ISOBUTYLAT
Authors: SOKOLOV N. M. , CINDRIK N. M. , CHAJTINA M. V.
Published: February 2016

Es wird der Einfluß der Größe und Struktur des Carbonsäurerestes auf die Schmelzdiagramme der genannten ternären Systeme untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PMR‐UNTERSUCHUNG DER GEHINDERTEN METHYLROTATION IN PARAMAGNETISCHEN CR(II)‐KOMPLEXEN
Authors: LA MAR GERD N. , VAN HECKE GERALD R.
Published: February 2016

Die NMR‐Untersuchung der Komplexe (I) und ihrer Analogen mit 4,7‐ und 5,6‐Dimethyl‐, 3,5,6,8‐ und 3,4,7,8‐Tetramethyl‐o‐phenanthrolin bzw. mit 4,4′‐Dimethyl‐2,2′‐dipyridyl ergeben anomale Methyllinienbreiten, die auf eine Modulation der mittleren Hyperfeinwechselwirkung zurückgeführt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOSELEN‐VERBINDUNGEN 10. MITT. KOORDINATIONSVERBINDUNGEN VON 1,1‐DISELENOLATEN 11. MITT. INFRAROT‐ UND ELEKTRONENSPEKTREN VON DISELENOLATO‐KOMPLEXEN
Authors: JENSEN K. A. , KRISHNAN V.
Published: February 2016

Die Diselenolato‐Komplexe (I) und (II) werden aus den entsprechenden Metallsalzen, K‐tetrachloroplatinat bzw. Tetrachlorogoldsäure und K‐dicyanäthylendiselenolat bzw. K‐cyanimidodiselenocarbonat in wäßriger Lösung bei 50°C unter Zugabe von Tetraphenylphosphoniumchlorid meist quantitativ erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: INTERMOLEKULARE TRIPLETT‐ENERGIEUEBERTRAGUNG 2. MITT. VON BENZOL, ACETON UND BIACETYL AUF MOLEKUELE MIT PI‐BINDUNG
Authors: SCHMIDT MANFRED W. , LEE EDWARD K. C.
Published: February 2016

Die relativen Geschwindigkeiten der Triplett‐Energieübertragung von Triplett‐Benzol auf z.T. deuterierte C2 ‐C4 ‐Alkene, Butadien, Pentadiene und Schwefelkohlenstoff werden aufgrund der Ausbeuten der cis‐trans‐Isomerisierung von cis‐Buten in der Gasphase bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: FLUORESZENZSPEKTREN VON STILBEN‐AZA‐ANALOGEN
Authors: FAVARO GIANNA , BEGGIATO GIANCARLO
Published: February 2016

Die Fluoreszenzspektren der fünf trans‐Pyridyläthylene (I) sowie ihrer mono‐ und diprotonierten Formen und der 3 trans‐Styrylpyridine (II) und deren konjugierten Säuren werden untersucht.