bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СИСТЕМА ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ОБЩЕГО КОЛИЧЕСТА САЖИ, ГЕНЕРИРУЕМОЙ ПРИ СЖИГАНИИ ПОПУТНОГО ГАЗА ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ОПАСНОСТИ ВОЗНИКАЮЩЕЙ ДЛЯ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ
Authors: Асадов И.Х. , Asadov I.H.
Published: February 2021

Опасность сажи для окружающей среды и для здоровья человека общеизвестна. Будучи мелкодисперсной составляющей атмосферного аэрозоля сажа поглощает солнечные лучи и способствует нагреву атмосферы, что в свою очередь является важным фактором климатических изменений на Земле. С другой стороны частицы сажи легко проникают в легкие человека и серьезно нарушают функционирование всей дыхательной системы. Все это диктует необходимость проведения точного учета всего объема сажи, генерируемого факелами нефтегазопроизводства. Работа посвящена предлагаемому методу адаптивного измерения общего количества сажи генерируемой при сжигании попутного газа. Предложен адаптивный режим работы фотометра осуществляющего измерение коэффициента эмиссии сажи при сжигании попутного газа в факелах. Определено, что из-за зависимости высоты факела от скорости ветра, а также ограниченности поля обзора фотометра следует обеспечить адаптивный режим измерений, когда при увеличении скорости ветра, скорость поступления газа в трубу следует увеличить и наоборот. В таком режиме фотометрических измерений удается достичь минимальной величины средней высоты факела, что исключает возможные информационные потери и недостоверный результат измерения в случае установления режима адаптации на максимальный результат, который в обычном режиме измерений не обеспечивается из-за ограниченности поля зрения фотометра.
О ПЛАНИРОВАНИИ МАРШРУТОВ ПЕРЕДВИЖНЫХ РАДИОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ЛАБОРАТОРИЙ ПРИ ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЯХ РАДИАЦИОННОГО ХАРАКТЕРА
Authors: Попов Е.В. , Popov E.V. , Пантелеев В.А. , Panteleev V.A. , Сегаль М.Д. , Segal M.D. , Гаврилов С.Л. , Gavrilov S.L. , Пименов А.Е. , Pimenov A.E.
Published: February 2021

Приводится описание применения передвижных радиометрических лабораторий (ПРЛ) для проведения радиационной разведки при возникновении аварийных ситуаций на ядерно и радиационно опасных объектах. Кратко описываются типы ПРЛ и их применение на ранней и промежуточной стадиях радиационной аварии. Более подробно рассматриваются ПРЛ легкого типа и приводится основной состав их измерительного оборудования. Рассматриваются некоторые способы применения ПРЛ в условиях аварийного реагирования. Рассмотрены вопросы заблаговременного планирования маршрутов движения ПРЛ в условиях угрозы или возникновении чрезвычайной ситуации с радиационным фактором, подходы к обоснованию и оптимизации маршрутов ПРЛ, в том числе, с использованием методов вероятностного анализа безопасности третьего уровня объектов использования атомной энергии (ВАБ-3 ОИАЭ).
КУЛЬТУРА БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ЖИЗНЕДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ КАК УСЛОВИЕ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ЛИЧНОСТИ И ОБЩЕСТВА
Authors: Терновсков В.Б. , Ternovskov V.B. , Данилина М.В. , Danilina M.V. , Щурин Ф.С. , Shchurin F.S. , Яркин В.В. , Yarkin V.V.
Published: February 2021

В настоящей работе рассмотрены сущность и содержание культуры, контркультуры, их взаимосвязь с культурой безопасности жизнедеятельности. Показана актуальность вопросов, связанных с вопросами деструктивного поведения. Достаточно подробно освещены основные проблемы проявления деструктивности, ее последствия, показана статистика негативных явлений, раскрыты основные причины, способствующие их развитию. Культура безопасности жизнедеятельности рассматривается как условие обеспечения безопасности личности и общества.
О СООТНОШЕНИИ ПОНЯТИЙ НАДЕЖНОСТИ И ЖИВУЧЕСТИ АВАРИЙНО-СПАСАТЕЛЬНОЙ ТЕХНИКИ
Authors: Дурнев Р.А. , Durnev R.A. , Гусева А.С. , Guseva A.S. , Свиридок Е.В. , Sviridok E.V. , Жданенко И.В. , Zhdanenko I.V.
Published: February 2021

Проведен подробный анализ понятий надежность, живучесть, устойчивость и уязвимость: зафиксированы смысловые различия между ними, рассмотрены терминологические особенности. Определены соотношения этих понятий применительно к аварийно-спасательной технике.
ОЦЕНКА СОСТОЯНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАДЖИКИСТАН
Authors: Абдуллоев Бобуржон Баходирович , Abdulloev B.B.
Published: February 2021

С общей площадью 142,6 тысяч кв. км Таджикистан расположился в горной части Центральной Азии. Основным фактором устойчивого развития Республики Таджикистан является транспортная система региона. Промышленность республики расположена в пяти регионах городе Душанбе, Горно-Бадахшанской автономной области, Согдийской области, Хатлонской области и группе районов республиканского подчинения. Такое расположение объясняется географическим особенностями, затрудняющим хозяйственное взаимоотношение между рыночными агентами. Исходя из этого, экономика отдельно взятого региона развивались по присущим себе особенностям, а их динамика во многом предопределялись развитием транспортной инфраструктуры, то есть транспортными связями. В статье рассматриваются принципы оценки состояния развитие транспортной системы Республики Таджикистан. Рассмотрены принципы оценки экономической эффективности хозяйственных мероприятий на транспорте, который позволяет эффективное использование ресурсного потенциала.
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИ ЭФФЕКТИВНАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ И ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИИ ПОЖАРООПАСНЫХ ЗОН В ЛЕСАХ СИБИРИ
Authors: Крапивин В.Ф. , Krapivin V.F. , Мкртчян Ф.А. , Mkrtchyan F.A. , Потапов И.И. , Potapov I.I.
Published: February 2021

Целью данной работы является разработка нового метода для более раннего обнаружения пожароопасных зон в лесных районах с использованием инструментов информационного моделирования и микроволнового дистанционного зондирования. Поисковая система пожароопасных зон и ее функциональная структура разрабатываются для принятия решений при оперативной диагностике крупных лесных массивов в Сибири. В данной статье обсуждается текущее состояние лесных пожаров в Сибири и потенциальные направления будущих исследований по совершенствованию предлагаемой здесь системы принятия решений. Эти теоретические и экспериментальные исследования позволяют разработать новый подход к мониторингу сибирских лесов в течение сезонов, когда имеют место потенциальные факторы возникновения пожаров. Разработанный здесь алгоритм принятия решений используется для оценки весов эффективных факторов возникновения лесных пожаров в Сибири. Функции летающей лаборатории Ил-18 Института радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН используются для оценки параметров системы поиска пожароопасных зон в Сибири. Представлены результаты измерений микроволнового дистанционного зондирования над лесной зоной при пожаре.
The Pedagogy of Intimacy: Mother's Contribution to Academic Parenting during Student's Learning from Home
Authors: Andalas Mutiara
Published: February 2021

This essay strives to articulate the pedagogy of intimacy born from mothers' engagement in academic parenting when formal learning shifts from school to home. Redefining parenting and intimacy, mothers implicitly articulated an alternative pedagogy when the space and time of learning during the Covid-19 pandemic move to home. Listening to the self-narratives of mothers who work full time at home, at least part-time, as informants in thisqualitative study, the words "parenting" and "intimacy" were prominent inthe semi-structured interviews. In the pre-pandemic seasons, these wordswere identical to activities at home and were seen as unrelated, at leastlimitedly related, to formal education. Learning from home, especially withmothers' engagement in informal learning during the Covid-19 pandemic,challenges the boundaries of maternal involvement in the formal educationspace. Mothers re-centralize home both as space and as a time for learning.Mothers reiterate their central role as informal teachers, further pedagogues,in children's education. Articulating intimacy's pedagogy, they reclaim homeboth as the steaming time and ubiquitous space for self-determined learning.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON EDUCATION SYSTEM
Authors: Bhavya Bhasin  , Gautam Gupta  , Sumedha Malhotra
Published: February 2021

In India, the technology has entered in the realm of education in 1980s. As people use radios and television to get more and more knowledge but this is not noticeable. But because of COVID-19 Pandemic, now people are able to notice the technology like online platforms to overcome the challenges face by students in education. But online platforms are challenging for students in some way. This present article helps to portray the advantages and disadvantages of online learning and how students, teachers and society are trying to accept the new education platforms. Online learning is just come into limelight after COVID-19 Pandemic.
KEYWORDS: Coronavirus, COVID-19, Lockdown, Education, School.
Haul dan Perilaku Keagamaan: Studi Motivasi Jamaah Haul Akbar Tarekat Qodiriyah wan Naqsabandiyah Al Ustmaniyah di Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al Fithrah Kedinding Lor Surabaya
Authors: Sahri Iksan Kamil , Muallifah Muallifah
Published: February 2021

Terdapat fenomena keagamaan masyarakat urban yang lebih relijius dalam tiga dasawarsa belakangan ini. Masyarakat urban diketahui mencari model-model keagamaan tertentu untuk mengekspresikan kehidupan spritual mereka. Sifatnya sering kali simbolik yang bisa dilihat secara sederhana sebagai bagian keagamaan. Salah satu simbol ritual keagamaan tersebut melalui haul. Tulisan ini hendak ingin menjawab apakah yang memotivasi orang-orang untuk datang ke haul yang diadakan di pondok pesantren Al Fithrah, Surabaya. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi dengan memakai teori motif milik Schütz. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa acara haul digunakan tidak saja sebagai ritual keagamaan yang diadakan oleh lembaga keagamaan tapi juga sebagai ajang wisata rohani dengan tujuan yang beragam. Dengan mengikuti haul mereka percaya bahwa mereka akan mendapat keberkahan dalam kehidupan mereka ke depannya. Sedangkan sebab mereka mengetahui haul di pesantren Al Fithrah terbagi pada dua pola; generasi tua lebih pada nasab keilmuan serta spritualitas sedangkan generasi muda lebih beragam.
Sosyal Medyanın Siyasal İletişim Aracı Olarak Kullanılması: Twitter Ankara Milletvekilleri Örneği
Authors: ÖZKAN Münir , TÜRKMEN Deniz
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ankara milletvekillerinin bir sosyal medya aracı olan Twitter ’ı kullanım sıklıklarını tespit ederek, mevcut Twitter hesaplarından temsil ettikleri Ankara hakkındaki gelişmeleri, sorunları ne sıklıkla kamuoyuna paylaştıklarını belirlemektir. Yapılan çalışmada 2018 yılının 15 Ekim -15 Kasım tarihleri arasında, Ankara’yı temsil eden 36 milletvekilinin Twitter ’daki şahsi hesaplarından yaptıkları paylaşımlar incelenmiştir. Bu incelemeler yapılırken içerik analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, belirtilen tarih aralığında 33 milletvekilinin toplamda 2916 adet paylaşım yaptığı tespit edilmiş olup, Ankara milletvekillerinin günlük tweet atma oranı %2,94 olarak saptanmıştır. Milletvekillerinin içinde en çok tweet AK Parti milletvekilleri tarafından paylaşılırken en az paylaşımı BBP milletvekilinin yaptığı görülmüştür. Toplamda AK Parti milletvekilleri 930, CHP vekilleri 846, MHP vekilleri 524, İYİ Parti milletvekilleri 315, HDP vekili 223 ve BBP milletvekili 78 adet paylaşım yapmıştır. Vekillerin tweetlerde ele aldıkları konular incelendiğinde %87,1 oranında ulusal konular ile ilgili paylaşım yaptıkları görülürken, %12,8 oranında yerel konular ile ilgili paylaşım yaptıkları tespit edilmiştir.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Financial Well Being Millennial Generation in Batam
Authors: Suprapto Yandi
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine whether financial behavior, financial socialization agents, financial attitude,  financial stress, and financial literacy can influence financial well being in millennial generation in Batam City. Financial well being is described when a person is able to prosper in the field of financial finance. Welfare is reflected in the ability to meet and manage all needs and desires. While millennial is the most current generation so that it can be a hope and reflection of a country. This research method begins with the distribution of questionnaires to the people of Batam city aged 15-19 years.

Data were collected as many as 300 respondents then processed with multiple regression research models using SPSS. Variable financial literacy, financial attitude and financial socialization agents provide a significant positive relationship to financial well being. Meanwhile financial stress has a significant negative relationship with financial well being. Then for financial behavior variables show no significant relationship to financial well being.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI, MOTIVASI, KOMITMEN PADA ORGANISASI DAN PELATIHAN KERJA PADA KINERJA KARYAWAN TOKO RITEL ALFAMART DAN INDOMARET DI BATAM
Authors: Yuswardi Yuswardi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini berkaitan dengan faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan pada toko ritel modern Indomaret dan Alfamart di Batam.  Pertumbuhan sektor toko ritel modern Alfamart dan Indomaret ini sudah menjangkau wilayah keramaian di pusat perdaagangan hingga ke lingkungan perumahan. Variabel yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini mencakup kompensasi, motivasi, komitmen terhadap organisasi dan pelatihan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan  di toko ritel modern tersebut.

 

Penelitian ini melibatkan sekitar 250 responden melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan pada karyawan gerai Alfamart dan Indomaret di Batam. Kuesioner disebar dan didapatkan pengembalian kuesioner sebanyak 240 dan kemudian diuji datanya dengan menggunakan SPSS. .

 

Berdasarkan hasil uji data diketahui bahwa semua variabel independen yang diuji berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap kinerja karyawan dari gerai Alfamart dan Indomaret di Batam. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi manfaat bagi perusahaan dalam merancang program peningkatan kinerja karyawan yang akan menopang pertumbuhan usaha menjadi lebih baik lagi.
Analisis Perilaku Keuangan Mahasiswa Universitas Pelita Bangsa dalam Keputusan Investasi
Authors: Soleha Erin , Hartati Nani
Published: February 2021

Masyarakat dengan perilaku finansial yang cenderung konsumtif  menghasilkan berbagai hal buruk pada perilaku keuangan misalkan minimnya kegiatan menabung dan investasi. Mengelola keuangan dengan baik, merencanakan dan mengalokasikan sebagian pendapatan untuk invetasi sangat penting untuk memberikan manfaat di masa datang. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pengetahuan keuangan, sikap keuangan, gaya hidup, latar belakang keluarga dan penghasilan dalam keputusan berinvestasi menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data yang diperoleh dari kuesioner yang disebar kepada 228 mahasiswa yang memenuhi kriteria. Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistic deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan program software SPSS. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa pengetahuan keuangan, sikap keuangan, gaya hidup, latar belakang keluarga dan pendapatan mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap keputusan investasi.
Examining the Efficiency of Current International Economic Sanctions Concerning Iran
Authors: Caba-Maria Flavius
Published: February 2021

The study approaches the economic sanctions imposed on Iran. It comprises a history of sanctions, reviewing their typologies and application while focusing on the sanctions the United States enacted against Iran. In July 2015 a deal was struck, with the commitment of Iran to reduce significantly its advances in the nuclear programme in exchange for appeasement of the comprehensive sanctions regime. Nonetheless, the Trump administration proceeded to unilateral withdrawal from the deal in May 2018, thus extending the imposition of sanctions to a higher degree. As such, the paper tackles a long-standing dilemma whether sanctions do alter political responses and if so, their efficiency, based upon several factors regarded as important for the evaluation.
Antibiotic Sensitivity and Antilysozyme Activity of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from the Blood of Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Kharaeva Z. F. , Elgarova D. A. , Kablakhova N. O. , Blieva L. Z. , Barokova E. B. , Kambachokova Z. A. , Elmurzaeva D. A.
Published: February 2021

Effective antibiotic therapy requires reliable data on the dynamics of sensitivity changes in each region. The aim of the study was to determine the sensitivity to antibiotics and antilysozyme activity of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from the blood of patients with sepsis over the period from 2017 to 2019. An increase in the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to ceftriaxone, cefixime vancomycin, azithromycin, and levofloxacin was noted. Given the high incidence of resistance, the use of these drugs should be limited. Ceftazidime, tigecycline, daptomycin, and linezolid can be considered drugs of choice in empiric therapy of septic diseases of staphylococcal etiology. Most of the isolated strains exhibited antilysozyme activity (ALA). Most commonly the cultures had medium to high ALA scores.
Eco-legal and economic aspects of developing Malomorsky fishing area of Lake Baikal
Authors: Sukhodolov Alexander , Fedotov Andrei , Makarov Mikhail , Anoshko Pavel , Kolesnikova Alina , Sukhodolov Yakov , Sorokina Polina
Published: February 2021

Lake Baikal is the largest fresh water reservoir of our planet and a unique natural site included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Meanwhile, Baikal is not only Russia’s largest freshwater fishing reservoir. Large-scale commercial fishing started here at the beginning of the 19th century and, with small breaks caused by bans imposed on industrial fishing due to depletion of valuable commercial fishery species stock, continued until October 2017, when once again restrictions in the fishing industry were imposed. One of the reasons for this was the increasing of the illegal unreported and unregulated fishing which led to depletion of harvestable stock of omul. However, these restrictions neither eliminated extensive unreported fishing, nor solved the problem of rapid fish stock rebuilding in the unique lake. Using methods of mathematical analysis and modeling this article examines factors facilitating breach of law in the fishing industry and unreported fishing for Baikal omul. The article provides a brief characteristic of the Baikal oldest Malomorsky fishing area as well as an eco-economic assessment of the possibility to rebuild the fishing stock within this water zone taking into account the increasing tourist flow in the Baikal region.
THE CURRENT STATE OF THE SILVER BREAM BLICCA BJOERKNA (LINNEUS, 1758) IN THE UPPER PART OF THE VOLGA STRETCH OF THE KUIBYSHEV WATER RESERVOIR
Authors: Glazunova Gloria , Galanin Igor , Gayfutdinova Ilsiya , Safina Svetlana , Smirnov Andrey , Andreeva Tatyana , Kuznetsov Vladimir
Published: February 2021

The current state of size and weight parameters and age structure of silver bream in the upper part of the Volga stretch of the Kuibyshev water reservoir show persistence of a negative trend at the beginning of the current century: a decrease in the size and weight parameters of the silver bream and an increase in the number of younger fish. The current situation can be considered as an indicator of the general negative state of fish resources in the study area.
Results of fisheries research of the Shaturskaya group of lakes
Authors: Bykov Andrey
Published: February 2021

Based on the results of comprehensive fisheries research, a brief description of the ecosystem of the lake of the Shaturskaya group operated in the mode of the cooling reservoir of the Shaturskaya GRES is given. The features of the thermal regime of the Shatursky lakes in the zone of the circulating flow of cooled waters are considered. A brief description of the species composition and quantitative indicators of the development of phytoplankton, zooplankton and macrozoobenthos communities is given. The structure of fish catches in the lakes depending on the fishing gear used is considered according to the data of accounting surveys with set nets and fry drag. The process of formation of the ichthyofauna of Shatursky lakes, characteristic of natural and man-made ecosystems of reservoirs-coolers of energy facilities, is shown. The occurrence of native and invasive fish species in catches is described, and the mechanism of seasonal migration of fish depending on the temperature and oxygen regimes of the Shatursky lakes is considered.
Kahta Devlet Hastanesi'ne Başvurmuş Adli Olguların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖRÜM Mehmet Hamdi
Published: February 2021

Amaç: İlçe devlet hastanelerinde genellikle her uzmanlık dalında tek uzman hekim görev yapmaktadır. Bu hastanelerin psikiyatri polikliniklerinde karşılaşılan en zor olgular adli olgulardır. Biz bu çalışmada, nispeten büyük bir ilçe olan Kahta’daki adli psikiyatri olgularını incelemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu geriye dönük çalışmada sosyodemografik veriler, klinik bilgiler, Global Değerlendirme Ölçeği (GAS) ve Kısa Psikiyatrik Değerlendirme Ölçeği (KPDÖ) bulguları kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Toplamda 57 olgu vardı (10 kadın, 47 erkek). Yaş (p=0.117), GAS (p=0.418) ve KPDÖ (p=0.307) skorları, cinsiyetler arasında benzerdi. Kırk iki kişinin sağlık güvencesi yeşil karttı; 13 hastada tanı zekâ geriliği, 13 hastada şizofreni, 24 hastada genel psikiyatrik muayeneydi; 17 hastada adli durumu vesayet, 8 hastada sosyal şifa, 14 hastada farik ve mümeyyizlik, 10 hastada ceza sorumluluğuyla ilgiliydi; 42 hastada gönderen kurum kaymakamlık, 9 hastada başsavcılıktı; 22 hastada antipsikotik (AP) öyküsü vardı, 10 hastada depot-uzun etkili AP öyküsü vardı; 13 hastada intihar girişimi öyküsü vardı. Cinsiyetler arasında, sağlık güvencesi (p=0.055), tanı (zekâ geriliği, majör depresif bozukluk, şizofreni, bipolar bozukluk, Alzheimer hastalığı, genel psikiyatrik muayene) (p=0.096), gönderen kurum (p=0.205), kendine zarar verme öyküsü (p=0.108), ek fiziksel hastalık (p=0.525), ek tıbbi ilaç (p=0.951), psikotropik kullanım öyküsü (p>0.05), intihar girişimi öyküsü (p=0.816) açısından farklılık saptanmadı. Cinsiyetler arasında, adli durum (vesayet, ceza sorumluluğu [TCK 32, TCK 57, CMK 74], sosyal şifa kontrolleri, kati rapor, farik ve mümeyyizlik) (p=0.039), psikiyatrik eş tanı (p=0.040) açısından farklılık saptandı. Sosyal şifa ve vesayet oranı erkeklerde fazlaydı. GAS skoru en düşük olan tanı zekâ geriliğiyken, en yüksek olan tanı genel psikiyatrik muayeneydi. GAS skoru en düşük adli durum vesayetti.
Sonuç: Hastanemizdeki adli olgular incelendiğinde; erkek cinsiyetin, zekâ geriliği ve şizofreni tanılarının, vesayet ve bununla ilişkili klinik özelliklerin öne çıktığı görülmektedir. Yaşlı hastalardaki en sık adli başvuru nedeni vesayettir.
CULTURAL VALUES, ECONOMIC GROWTH, AND INTERNATIONAL IPO UNDERPRICING: EVIDENCE FROM CHINESE COMPANIES
Authors: Geng Peixuan , Tan Qingmei
Published: February 2021

Listing markets have different cultural backgrounds and experience different economic development. This study examines the impact of cultural values and the moderating effect of economic growth on IPO underpricing issued by Chinese companies in different stock markets. Using a sample of 2429 IPOs issuing in four different stock markets for the 2000–2018 period, the results suggest that in markets with higher power distance or longer-term orientation, IPOs experience higher underpricing; in markets with higher uncertainty avoidance scores, masculinity, individualism, or indulgence, IPOs experience lower underpricing. The greater the multidimensional cultural distance is to the Chinese A-share market, the less underpricing IPOs experience. Economic growth has a significant moderating effect, thereby intensifying or restraining the relationship between culture and IPO underpricing. The additional analysis considering cross-listing companies, and the robustness tests considering alternative measures of culture further support the above conclusions. This study highlights the cultural and economic factors motivating IPO underpricing, can help managers select listing markets from cultural and economic perspective.
The Radio Luminosity-risetime Function of Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Bietenholz M. F. , Bartel N. , Argo M. , Dua R. , Ryder S. , Soderberg A.
Published: February 2021

We assemble a large set of 2–10 GHz radio flux density measurements and upper limits of 294 different supernovae (SNe), from the literature and our own and archival data. Only 31% of SNe were detected. We characterize the SN radio lightcurves near the peak using a two-parameter model, with t
pk being the time to rise to a peak and L
pk the spectral luminosity at that peak. Over all SNe in our sample at D < 100 Mpc, we find that t
pk = 101.7±0.9 days and that L
pk = 1025.5±1.6 erg s−1 Hz−1, and therefore that generally 50% of SNe will have L
pk < 1025.5 erg s−1 Hz−1. These L
pk values are ∼30 times lower than those for only detected SNe. Types Ib/c and II (excluding IIn’s) have similar mean values of L
pk but the former have a wider range, whereas Type IIn SNe have ∼10 times higher values with L
pk = 1026.5±1.1 erg s−1 Hz−1. As for t
pk, Type Ib/c have t
pk of only 101.1±0.5 days while Type II have t
pk = 101.6±1.0 and Type IIn the longest timescales with t
pk = 103.1±0.7 days. We also estimate the distribution of progenitor mass-loss rates,

, and find that the mean and standard deviation of

are −5.4 ± 1.2 (assuming v
wind = 1000 km s−1) for Type Ib/c SNe, and −6.9 ± 1.4 (assuming v
wind = 10 km s−1) for Type II SNe excluding Type IIn.
Production and Persistence of Extreme Two-temperature Plasmas in Radiative Relativistic Turbulence
Authors: Zhdankin Vladimir , Uzdensky Dmitri A. , Kunz Matthew W.
Published: February 2021

Turbulence is a predominant process for energizing electrons and ions in collisionless astrophysical plasmas, and thus is responsible for shaping their radiative signatures (luminosity, spectra, and variability). To better understand the kinetic properties of a collisionless radiative plasma subject to externally driven turbulence, we investigate particle-in-cell simulations of relativistic plasma turbulence with external inverse Compton cooling acting on the electrons. We find that ions continuously heat up while electrons gradually cool down (due to the net effect of radiation), and hence the ion-to-electron temperature ratio T

i
/T

e
grows in time. We show that T

i
/T

e
is limited only by the size and duration of the simulations (reaching

), indicating that there are no efficient collisionless mechanisms of electron–ion thermal coupling. This result has implications for models of radiatively inefficient accretion flows, such as observed in the Galactic center and in M87, for which so-called two-temperature plasmas with

have been invoked to explain their low luminosity. Additionally, we find that electrons acquire a quasi-thermal distribution (dictated by the competition of turbulent particle energization and radiative cooling), while ions undergo efficient nonthermal acceleration (acquiring a harder distribution than in equivalent nonradiative simulations). There is a modest nonthermal population of high-energy electrons that are beamed intermittently in space, time, and direction; these beamed electrons may explain rapid flares in certain high-energy astrophysical systems (e.g., in the Galactic center). These numerical results demonstrate that extreme two-temperature plasmas can be produced and maintained by relativistic radiative turbulence.
The First Extensive Exploration of UV-bright Stars in the Globular Cluster NGC 2808
Authors: Prabhu Deepthi S. , Subramaniam Annapurni , Sahu Snehalata
Published: February 2021

In this study, we identified and characterized the hot and luminous UV-bright stars in the globular cluster NGC 2808. We combined data from the Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) on board the Indian space satellite AstroSat with the Hubble Space Telescope UV Globular Cluster Survey data for the central region (within

) and Gaia and ground-based optical photometry for the outer parts of the cluster. We constructed the UV and UV-optical color–magnitude diagrams, compared the horizontal branch (HB) members with the theoretical zero- and terminal-age HB models, and identified 34 UV-bright stars. The spectral energy distributions of the UV-bright stars were fitted with theoretical models to estimate their effective temperatures (12,500–100,000 K), radii (0.13–2.2 R
⊙), and luminosities (∼40–3000 L
⊙) for the first time. These stars were then placed on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, along with theoretical post-HB evolutionary tracks, to assess their evolutionary status. The models suggest that most of these stars are in the asymptotic giant branch (AGB)-manqué phase, and all except three have evolutionary masses <0.53 M
⊙. We also calculated the theoretically expected number of hot post-(early)-AGB stars in this cluster and found the range to match our observations. Seven UV-bright stars located in the outer region of the cluster, identified from the AstroSat/UVIT images, are ideal candidates for detailed follow-up spectroscopic studies.
Lectotypification of Tsuga longibracteata W.C.Cheng (Pinaceae)
Authors: Yang Yong , Rushforth Keith
Published: February 2021

W.C.Cheng did not clearly indicate the herbarium repository of the type specimen (Y.Tsiang 7712) when he described Tsuga longibracteata W.C.Cheng. Later, researchers suggested that the type is either in NAS or in PE. However, we found more than one duplicate of the type collection in both NAS and PE. Following the Shenzhen Code, we lectotypify the name T. longibracteata with Y.Tsiang 7712 (PE00003223) that bears a handwritten identification of W.C.Cheng.
Efficacy of Moderately Dosed Etoposide in Macrophage Activation Syndrome–Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Horne AnnaCarin , von Bahr Greenwood Tatiana , Chiang Samuel C.C. , Meeths Marie , Björklund Caroline , Ekelund Maria , Erensjö Peter , Berg Stefan , Hagelberg Stefan , Bryceson Yenan T. , Andersson Ulf , Henter Jan-Inge
Published: February 2021

Objective

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) constitutes 1 subtype of the hyperinflammatory syndrome hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), and the term MAS-HLH was recently proposed for HLH with underlying autoimmune/autoinflammatory conditions. The mortality of MAS-HLH has been estimated at 5–10%. Here we report our experiences with moderately dosed etoposide in severe MAS-HLH; the objective was to effectively reduce severe hyperinflammatory activity with limited side effects.

Methods

In addition to conventional antiinflammatory treatment, moderately dosed etoposide was administered to 7 children affected by rapidly progressing MAS-HLH with central nervous system (n = 5) and/or pulmonary (n = 5) involvement. Three had underlying systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA), 2 had atypical sJIA (no arthritis at diagnosis), and 2 had systemic lupus erythematosus. We performed lymphocyte cytotoxicity analyses in all 7 and genetic analyses in 6.

Results

All children promptly responded to moderately dosed etoposide (50–100 mg/m2 once weekly), added to conventional MAS-HLH treatment that was considered insufficient. The mean accumulated etoposide dose was 671 mg/m2 (range 300–1050 mg/m2) as compared to 1500 mg/m2 recommended in the first 8 weeks of the HLH-94/HLH-2004 protocols. One child developed neutropenic fever and another neutropenic sepsis (neutrophils 0.3 × 109/L at therapy onset). Five of 7 children had low percentages (< 5%) of circulating natural killer (NK) cells prior to or in association with diagnosis; NK cell activity was pathologically low in 2 of 5 children studied. Disease-causing variants in HLH-associated genes were not found. All children were alive at latest follow-up (2–9 yrs after onset); neurological symptoms had normalized in 4 of 5 affected children.

Conclusion

Moderately dosed etoposide may be beneficial in severe and/or refractory MAS-HLH.
A Phase III Randomized Study of Apremilast, an Oral Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor, for Active Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Taylor Peter C. , van der Heijde Désirée , Landewé Robert , McCue Shannon , Cheng Sue , Boonen Annelies
Published: February 2021

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods

This phase III, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01583374) randomized patients with active AS (1:1:1) to placebo, apremilast 20 mg twice daily, or apremilast 30 mg twice daily for 24 weeks, followed by a long-term extension phase (up to 5 yrs). The primary endpoint was Assessment of the Spondyloarthritis international Society 20 (ASAS20) response at Week 16. The effect of treatment on radiographic outcomes after 104 weeks was assessed using the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS).

Results

In total, 490 patients with active AS were randomized in the study (placebo: n = 164; apremilast 20 mg twice daily: n = 163; apremilast 30 mg twice daily: n = 163). The primary endpoint of ASAS20 response at Week 16 was not met (placebo: 37%; apremilast 20 mg twice daily: 35%; apremilast 30 mg twice daily: 33%; P = 0.44 vs placebo). At Week 104, mean (SD) changes from baseline in mSASSS were 0.83 (3.6), 0.98 (2.2), and 0.57 (1.9) in patients initially randomized to placebo, apremilast 20 mg twice daily, and apremilast 30 mg twice daily, respectively. The most frequently reported adverse events through Week 104 were diarrhea, nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory infection, and nausea.

Conclusion

No clinical benefit was observed with apremilast treatment in patients with active AS. The safety and tolerability of apremilast were consistent with its known profile.
Evaluation and Validation of a Patient-completed Psoriatic Arthritis Flare Questionnaire
Authors: Helliwell Philip S. , Tillett William , Waxman Robin , Coates Laura C. , Brooke Mel , FitzGerald Oliver , Packham Jonathan C. , McHugh Neil
Published: February 2021

Objective

Evaluation of a psoriatic arthritis (PsA), multidimensional, patient-completed disease flare questionnaire (FLARE).

Methods

The FLARE questionnaire was administered to 139 patients in a prospective observational study. The “gold standard” of flare was based on patient opinion. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Disease activity was measured by the Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score (PASDAS), Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and PsA (GRAPPA) Composite Exercise (GRACE), Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index (CPDAI), and Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA).

Results

The most common symptoms of a PsA flare were musculoskeletal, followed by fatigue, frustration, loss of function, and an increase in cutaneous symptoms. The test-retest ICC for the FLARE questionnaire was 0.87 (95% CI 0.72–0.94). The optimum cut-off to identify a flare of disease was 4/10 (sensitivity 0.82, specificity 0.76; area under the curve 0.85). For those patients scoring ≥ 4, the mean score for the composite measures was as follows (score for those not reporting a flare in parentheses): PASDAS 5.3 ± 1.3 (3.1 ± 1.6); GRACE 4.5 ± 1.2 (2.2 ± 1.4); CPDAI 8.9 ± 2.5 (4.7 ± 3.1); and DAPSA 38.2 ± 20.3 (16.8 ± 14.9). In a new flare, the increase in composite measure score was calculated as follows: 1 for PASDAS and GRACE, 2 for CPDAI, and 7 for DAPSA. Agreement between the definition of flare using the cut-off of 4 from the questionnaire, and that indicated by the subject in a separate, standalone question was 0.57 (Cohen κ).

Conclusion

A PsA flare displays escalation of symptoms and signs across multiple domains. The FLARE questionnaire has external validity in terms of both composite disease activity and overall patient opinion about the state of their condition.
Overview of the Grant Writing Workshop From the GRAPPA 2020 Annual Meeting
Authors: Ogdie Alexis , Ritchlin Christopher T.
Published: February 2021

Prior to the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) Annual Meeting in July 2020, a grant writing workshop was held to cover key principles in grant writing for GRAPPA members. In this review of the workshop, we will present key principles discussed.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Axial and Peripheral Disease in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Report From the 2020 GRAPPA Annual Meeting
Authors: Maksymowych Walter P. , Østergaard Mikkel
Published: February 2021

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) presents with diverse features of musculoskeletal inflammation that affect both axial and peripheral joints as well as entheses, tenosynovium, and bursae. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality that is uniquely capable of identifying pathology in all these structures. The Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) Magnetic Resonance Imaging Working Group has increasingly explored diverse MRI methodologies for the purposes of quantifying inflammatory and structural abnormalities in clinical trials and research. The 2020 GRAPPA virtual workshop presented an opportunity to review progress in the field, summarize the status of MRI scoring systems developed for PsA, and review representative patient cases.
GRAPPA Treatment Recommendations: An Update From the 2020 GRAPPA Annual Meeting
Authors: Coates Laura C. , Corp Nadia , van der Windt Danielle A. , Soriano Enrique R. , Kavanaugh Arthur
Published: February 2021

Throughout 2020, the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) has been working to update the GRAPPA treatment recommendations for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The planned methodology for this update was published previously, and herein we provide an update on progress so far, including details of the systematic literature searches undertaken. GRAPPA is committed to regular updates of its treatment recommendations to incorporate the many significant therapeutic advances that have taken place in the PsA literature since the previous recommendation publication in 2015. The development and updating of treatment recommendations for optimal treatment approaches for patients with PsA has been an important mission of the GRAPPA since its inception. GRAPPA is currently finalizing domain-specific recommendations with an aim to produce updated treatment recommendations for publication in 2021.
Predictors of joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: focus on short- and long-term effects of intra-articular glucocorticoid injections
Authors: Koh Jung Hee , Lee Hanna , Lee Seung-Geun
Published: February 2021

Background/Aims: To investigate the short- and long-term efficacy of intra-articular glucocorticoid injections (IAGI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods: This was a retrospective study of RA patients who had active arthritis in the hand or wrist joints and who received IAGI (or not) as an adjunct to disease- modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Short-term efficacy was assessed based on changes in the disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) after 3 months and long-term efficacy was assessed based on changes in the van der Heijde Sharp score (HSS) of hand radiographs over 2 years. Radiographic progression was defined as ΔHSS/year ≥ 2. Logistic regression analysis identified predictors of early achievement of low disease activity (LDA) and radiographic progression.Results: Overall, 126 RA patients received IAGI into the hand or wrist joints and 107 were IAGI-naive. After 3 months, 67% of IAGI-treated patients and 48% of IAGI-naive patients achieved LDA (p = 0.002). Over the next 2 years, 35% of patients treated with IAGI showed radiographic progression compared with 27% of IAGI-naive patients (p = 0.2). IAGI plus biologic DMARDs was associated with achievement of LDA in 3 months. Achieving LDA in 3 months (odds ratio [OR], 0.403; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.192 to 0.847), wrist arthritis (OR, 2.408; 95% CI, 1.184 to 4.897), and baseline HSS (OR, 1.021; 95% CI, 1.003 to 1.039) were associated with radiographic progression.Conclusions: IAGI was associated with early achievement of LDA. LDA was associated with slower radiographic progression. The wrist is more vulnerable to joint damage and requires more aggressive treatment.
Télécollaborations (inter)culturelles sur Facebook
Authors: Chachkine Elsa
Published: February 2021

Cet article porte sur un projet d’échanges de productions culturelles sur une page Facebook entre étudiants du Cnam (France) et étudiants de l’université d’Oulianovsk (Russie). Ce projet de télécollaboration (inter)culturelle s’ancre dans la théorie socioculturelle de Vygotski (1934/1997). Dans un premier temps, nous analysons les types de savoirs échangés entre participants ainsi que les savoir-faire mobilisés pour la communication interculturelle lors des échanges. Pour cela, nous adoptons la typologie des compétences socioculturelles pour la communication interculturelle élaborée par Anquetil (2006). Ensuite, nous nous interrogeons sur le caractère innovant du projet, en le rapportant aux principales innovations pédagogiques universitaires du moment identifiées par Fabre (2015), et sur une autre finalité de l’innovation pédagogique, l’efficacité (Tricot, 2017).
Jeux de rôle et réconciliation avec les peuples autochtones
Authors: Lemaire Eva
Published: February 2021

Dans cet écrit, nous proposons une réflexion sur le jeu de rôles comme pratique de classe inspirée de la formation interculturelle mais revisitée à l’aune des perspectives et pédagogies autochtones, dans le contexte particulier de l’éducation en vue de la réconciliation avec les Premières Nations, Métis et Inuits. Cette recherche, qui s’appuie sur une démarche de praticien-chercheur, repose principalement sur une collecte de données auprès de 45 étudiants en éducation en formation initiale. L’article discute l’intérêt d’une approche pédagogique holistique qui, à travers le jeu de rôle, convoque raison, mais aussi émotion, corps et spiritualité et qui permet de déconstruire et reconstruire le rapport des étudiants aux cultures autochtones, invitant les futurs enseignants à se (re)positionner comme agent de changement face à un modèle sociétal en crise.
Le développement des compétences interculturelles au moyen du jumelage international dans des universités française et canadienne
Authors: Le Callonnec Lucie
Published: February 2021

Cette étude s’intéresse au parcours en mobilité internationale d’étudiants et, plus particulièrement, à l’une des pratiques mise en place par leurs universités d’accueil pour développer leurs compétences interculturelles et faciliter leur intégration à la communauté étudiante locale : le jumelage international. Pour cela, elle s’appuie sur deux séries d’entretiens menés auprès de neuf étudiants internationaux au début et à la fin de leur séjour dont cinq d’entre eux sont partis étudier à Ottawa (Canada) et quatre, à Montpellier (France). À leur retour dans leur pays d’origine, ils ont également répondu à un questionnaire. Enfin, des entrevues ont aussi été réalisées auprès de sept membres de bureaux internationaux canadiens et français. Au regard des résultats obtenus, il est intéressant de voir que les membres des bureaux internationaux mettent, majoritairement, un point d’honneur à intégrer l’étudiant international en prenant appui sur sa population étudiante locale via des programmes tels que le jumelage international. Pourtant, malgré l’intérêt qu’ont pu montrer des étudiants internationaux à l’égard de ce dispositif, les résultats ont souligné que si l’étudiant international entend entrer en contact et créer des relations avec la communauté locale à son arrivée dans le pays d’accueil, la réalité est telle que, souvent, à la fin de son séjour, celui-ci admet avoir été, finalement, peu en contact avec les étudiants locaux. Il est donc pertinent de s’attarder sur l’intégration et les compétences interculturelles qu’ont pu développer les étudiants internationaux durant leur séjour et sur le rôle qu’a pu jouer le jumelage dans ce processus d’apprentissage.
Effects of Milling Variables in Amorphous Phase Formation of Fe78Si9B13 Alloy Produced by Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Astacio López Raquel , Aranda Louvier Rosa M. , Urban Petr , Ternero Fernández Fátima , Montes Martos Juan Manuel
Published: February 2021

In this study, amorphous Fe78Si9B13 alloy was successfully synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA) of pure elemental powders which were milled under an argon gas atmosphere. Effects of milling time on the phase transformation, microstructure and morphological evolution were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser diffraction (Granulometry), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results showed that by increasing the milling time, the nanocrystalline and amorphous phase content increases and alloys with good properties are obtained at 100 h of milling.
Structure and Size Distribution of Powders Produced from Melt-Spun Fe-Si-B Ribbons
Authors: Aranda Louvier Rosa M. , Astacio Lopez Raquel , Ternero Fernández Fátima , Urban Petr , Cuevas Francisco G.
Published: February 2021

This work studies the production of melt spun Fe78Si9B13 ribbons with amorphous or nanocrystalline structure. The main objective is the preservation of the amorphous structure after obtaining powders by mechanical milling of the ribbons, as well as the study of the influence of the milling conditions on the size distribution and structure of the obtained powders. In order to obtain high quality amorphous ribbons, the wheel rotation speed, crucible-wheel distance, melt homogenization time, ejection pressure and the ejection temperature were optimized in the melt spinning process. Different mills were used for powder production, studying the size distribution, efficiency, and preservation of the amorphous character as a function of the milling time. Ribbons and powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM); laser diffraction was used for powder granulometry.
Properties of the Cement Paste Mixed with Various Types of Aluminum Sulfate Based Liquid Alkali-Free Accelerator
Authors: Ma Zhe Yu , Sun Zhen Ping , Tian Jun Tao , Ji Yan Liang , Pang Min
Published: February 2021

In this paper, the effects of various components in alkali-free accelerator on the setting of cement paste were studied, and the morphology of the hydrates during hydration was investigated with SEM. The experimental results show that the aluminum sulfate, diethanolamine and hydrofluoric acid can effectively shorten the setting time of cement paste, while excessive dosage has minimal impacts on the setting time. The diethanolamine and hydrofluoric acid can not only shorten the setting time but also can improve the stability of the accelerator. It was evidenced by the SEM that the aluminum sulfate accelerates cement coagulation by quickly forming a large amount of ettringite in the cement paste. The results in this study suggest that the shortest setting can be achieved when the dosage of aluminum sulfate, diethanolamine and hydrofluoric acid in a liquid alkali-free accelerator is 57 %, 5 % and 5.7 % , respectively.
Solid State Amorphization of Ti60Si40 Alloy via Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Urban Petr , Ternero Fernández Fátima , Aranda Louvier Rosa M. , Astacio López Raquel , Cintas Físico Jesus
Published: February 2021

The effect of milling time on the microstructure evolution and formation of amorphous phase of Ti60Si40 alloy produced by mechanical alloying (MA) has been investigated. Laser diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were employed to characterize the particle size, morphology and structure of mechanically alloyed Ti60Si40. When the milling time is increased to 20 h, the particle size decreases from 23.7 to 4.7 μm, the shape of the particles changes to spherical and the crystalline structure is transformed into an amorphous phase. The amorphous Ti60Si40 alloy is stable when heating up to 750oC. Above this temperature, the cold crystallization of the intermetallic compounds Ti5Si3 and/or Ti5Si4 begins.