bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two senses of representation in science
Authors: Ruyant Quentin
Published: January 2025

Accounts of scientific representation typically assume that there is a single sense of “represent”, and they attempt to develop a theory that can account for all its features. The aim of this article is to draw the consequences of a distinction between two senses of “represent” that has been proposed recently. Taking inspiration from the distinction between speaker-meaning and expression-meaning in philosophy of language, a first sense is analysed in terms of the mental states of the user of a vehicle in context, and a second sense in terms of communal norms constraining contextual uses. I argue that making this distinction, and thus understanding the representation relation as essentially indexical and normative, can help us move beyond the controversies between various accounts of scientific representation, notably what have been dubbed informational and functional accounts, as well as debates regarding the ontology of scientific models.
Doubt and suspension: Two attitudes or one?
Authors: Guilielmo Benoit
Published: January 2025

Are doubt and suspension of judgment similar attitudes? In the burgeoning literature on suspension of judgment, the notion of doubt is curiously absent. This paper aims to argue for the plausibility of an identity claim, which I term the “No-Difference View.” This view suggests that there is no substantial difference between being in doubt and suspending judgment. The argument will draw on historical and systematic considerations that support the No-Difference View as a plausible view within the logical space of positions.
Feminización de la vejez en el medio rural en la voz de mujeres mayores viudas
Authors: Olivares Peña Karen
Published: January 2025

Introducción: El proceso de envejecimiento poblacional ha traído consigo una serie de transformaciones sociales, como la supervivencia femenina denominada feminización de la vejez, que como fenómeno demográfico y cultural genera un cambio significativo en la distribución tradicional de roles en esta etapa vital. Este estudio se enfoca en analizar la calidad de vida de las mujeres mayores, centrándose en sus estrategias de supervivencia tras la viudez, en el medio rural en Chile, ahondando en comprender cómo construyen su bienestar y qué significados asignan a las dimensiones relevantes de su calidad de vida luego de enviudar. Metodología: Estudio interpretativo con enfoque cualitativo y metodología flexible. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupo focal a 12 mujeres mayores rurales, utilizando una muestra intencional seleccionada mediante la técnica de bola de nieve. Los datos se analizaron de forma comprensiva y se organizaron en tres categorías esenciales: feminización de la vejez, calidad de vida y medio rural. Resultados: Los resultados resaltan que, aunque enfocadas en el bienestar subjetivo, las mujeres mayores destacan aspectos objetivos como salud y autonomía. La viudez redefine roles y decisiones, influyendo en estrategias de supervivencia, donde la seguridad económica y la vivienda propia son cruciales para su bienestar. La pérdida de salud mental conduce a una dependencia familiar; no obstante, las mujeres mayores aprecian la autonomía y valoran las relaciones familiares y sociales. El medio rural define una identidad cultural arraigada, pero las brechas estructurales persisten, como la falta de infraestructura y espacios de encuentro. Discusión: Desde la gerontología feminista, la teoría de género e interseccionalidad, se desafían percepciones polarizadas sobre la calidad de vida, destacando la dinámica en las dimensiones objetivas y subjetivas, donde la seguridad económica se erige como una preocupación clave, reconfigurándose roles tradicionales de género. Las relaciones sociales emergen como pilares fundamentales, impactando profundamente en la calidad de vida, especialmente para las mujeres viudas. La migración a la ciudad se vislumbra como una opción inevitable en caso de deterioro de la calidad de vida, subrayando la necesidad de políticas sociales diferenciadas que consideren las particularidades del envejecimiento rural. Conclusiones: Esta investigación destaca un cambio significativo en la valoración de la calidad de vida en mujeres mayores tras la viudez, vinculado a la reconfiguración de sus trayectorias vitales y roles sociales. Desde el Trabajo Social Gerontológico, se deben incorporar las perspectivas feministas, de género e interseccionales en la intervención social, dichos enfoques teóricos permiten desarrollar un abordaje integral para comprender y habitar la vejez.
Burnout, ansiedad, satisfacción y violencia en el trabajo en trabajadores/as sociales de los servicios sociales municipales de Sevilla (España)
Authors: Vallejo-Andrada Ana , Sarasola Sánchez-Serrano José Luis , Barrera-Algarín Evaristo , Caravaca-Sánchez Francisco
Published: January 2025

Introducción. Desde la aparición de la primera definición de burnout se han realizado múltiples investigaciones sobre este fenómeno en el colectivo de trabajadores/as sociales a nivel nacional e internacional, con el fin de determinar su prevalencia, factores de riesgo y protección asociados. Sin embargo, no es frecuente medir su asociación con variables como ansiedad y/o violencia en el ámbito laboral Metodología. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa sobre un total de 109 trabajadores/as sociales en activo del Colegio Profesional de Sevilla (España) (89,8% mujeres) cumplimentando un cuestionario auto suministrado a finales del 2022, incluyendo información a nivel: demográfica, laboral, burnout, ansiedad, violencia en el ámbito laboral y satisfacción en el trabajo. Resultados. En función de la prevalencia del burnout, un 37,6 % (n = 41) mostraba un elevado agotamiento emocional; un 59,6% (n = 65), una elevada despersonalización; y un 44,0 % (n = 48) una baja realización personal. El análisis de regresión logística binaria (controlado a nivel demográfico y laboral) muestra como determinadas variables se asociaban de manera estadísticamente significativa con las diferentes dimensiones de burnout. Con un elevado agotamiento se asociaba violencia física (OR = 2,708) y amenazas (OR = 1,391). Elevada despersonalización con daños a la propiedad (OR = 5,314) y amenazas (OR = 1,125) y una baja realización personal con una menor satisfacción en el trabajo (OR = 0,968). Discusión y conclusiones. En vista de los elevados niveles de burnout encontrados, las organizaciones públicas y privadas dedicadas a los servicios sociales deben ser conscientes de la necesidad de prevenir este tipo de riesgo psicosocial al cual los/as trabajadores/as sociales están expuestos. La presente investigación podría ayudar a mejorar la salud y la calidad de los/as profesionales del Trabajo Social, así como a reducir los elevados costes que implican las bajas por enfermedad, y mejorar la eficacia de los servicios prestados. Finalmente, hay que destacar que se trata de la primera investigación realizada en España que mide la asociación entre burnout y violencia en el ámbito laboral entre el colectivo de trabajadores/as sociales.
Adopción internacional y Trabajo Social en Cataluña: la voz de los profesionales
Authors: Poch Planas Urgell
Published: January 2025

Introducción. La adopción internacional hace referencia a los procesos de adopción entre dos países distintos, el de origen del niño o la niña y el de recepción o residencia de la familia adoptante. Cataluña cuenta con una población adoptada internacionalmente de las más importantes del mundo en términos relativos, que alcanzaba las 13.817 personas en 2022. El objeto de estudio de este trabajo es la configuración particular de la adopción internacional en Cataluña y concretamente la función del Trabajo Social en el acompañamiento a las familias adoptivas, sobre todo en la etapa post-adoptiva. Tanto los niños como el conjunto familiar tienen derecho a la atención post-adoptiva tal como rigen los principios que inspiran la adopción internacional según la Convención de la Haya de 1993. Metodología. A partir de la realización de entrevistas en profundidad a profesionales del sistema de protección catalán, el presente artículo explora la voz de los profesionales que han atendido y atienden a las familias, niños y niñas de adopción internacional. Se analiza la evolución de la motivación familiar, posición de la Administración y trabajo de preparación y acompañamiento de las entidades especializadas, así como la adaptación familiar en los últimos años. Se exploran cuestiones relacionadas con las necesidades y recursos post-adoptivos, prestando especial atención al rol y posibilidades del Trabajo Social. Resultados. Se presentan resultados sobre el sistema catalán de atención a las familias y niños en adopción internacional, así como la contribución del Trabajo Social. Se constata que la experiencia acumulada de los profesionales ha significado la evolución hacia una visión más consciente, permitiendo una mejor preparación de las familias. Sin embargo, se aprecia un declive de la formación específica de los profesionales y de los espacios de reflexión en las instituciones. Se afirma la existencia de necesidades post-adoptivas en el seno familiar y la dificultad para integrarlas, la escasez y/o falta de especialización de los recursos de atención existentes, y las limitaciones del seguimiento post-adoptivo. Finalmente, el Trabajo Social aparece como una disciplina un tanto desconocida en un entorno liderado por la Psicología, lo cual excluye otras dimensiones del hecho adoptivo. Discusión. La atención post-adoptiva empieza, indefectiblemente, en la preparación pre-adoptiva; para ello, la Administración debe estructurar el acompañamiento de los profesionales y establecer mecanismos de planificación y seguimiento. Conclusiones. A la vista de los resultados obtenidos, tanto en relación a las necesidades familiares como a la acción institucional, se concluye que el Trabajo Social representa una perspectiva imprescindible y privilegiada para atender las distintas dimensiones que conforman la realidad de la adopción internacional.
Indigenous Environmental Activism and Media Depiction
Authors: Pavlakos Raphaela G O
Published: January 2025

Media bias is a reality of the infoglut we are bombarded with every day. However, we often consider bias to be consigned to the textual realm of information. I argue that anything human-mediated holds bias, including photographs. Because of this, I propose reading the performance of Indigenous-led environmental activism through media representation, specifically photographs used in media coverage of Indigenous environmental activism. This paper considers open-access media photographs of Indigenous-led environmental protests, such as the Kanehsatake Resistance (1990) and Wet’suwet’en Blockade (2020), as springboards for practicing ethical reading. As a settler-scholar, this work is mostly geared towards a settler-scholar or non-Indigenous audience interested in Indigenous literary studies, as a way to find tools to engage in this scholarship. The purpose of this article is to elucidate media bias as a way of informing our individual teaching and learning practice, as well as shaping how we engage with and talk about Indigenous issues. While all public activism engages with some levels of performance, the performance itself and larger narrative being told by the activists is filtered through who is able to tell the story. Here, I use a methodology that I am developing as part of my ongoing dissertation work, Critical Dispositioning, which is an ethical reading praxis designed for settlers to use when engaging with Indigenous literatures. Critical Dispositioning requires community-specific reading of Indigenous materials and rejects settler imposition or appropriation of Indigenous voices and texts. This work is essential in building anti-racist practices and equity, diversity, and inclusion into the classroom space, as well as a tool for consideration when building syllabi.
The Great Race: Ensuring Equitable Access to COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: Vickers Brendan , Ali Salamat , Balchin Neil , Zhuawu Collin , Enos-Edu Hilary , Powell Kimonique
Published: January 2025

Issue 172 of Trade Hot Topics provides an overview of recent developments in the evolving COVID-19 vaccine landscape. It highlights some of the challenges and opportunities for ensuring equitable and affordable access to vaccines among Commonwealth developing countries—especially small states, least-developed countries (LDCs) and countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
After Brexit: A Guide and Roadmap for the Commonwealth
Authors: Stevens Christopher
Published: January 2025

This issue of Commonwealth Trade Hot Topics takes stock and flags: which of the many possible effects of Brexit identified over the past four years remain in play; which Commonwealth countries might be most affected by those that remain relevant; and the developments that need to be monitored over the medium term.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Merchandise Trade in Commonwealth Countries
Authors: Escaith Hubert , Khorana Sangeeta
Published: January 2025

This paper examines how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted merchandise trade between and with Commonwealth countries. It uses bilateral trade data from Base Analytique du Commerce International (BACI) to (i) estimate trade losses, i.e. variations in intra- and extra-Commonwealth trade in goods from the pre-pandemic trend, and (ii) simulate the impact of the pandemic on potential trade flows of Commonwealth countries under three scenarios: Consensus, Pessimistic and Optimistic. The scenarios are based on macroeconomic forecasts released by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank and the World Trade Organization (WTO) in the third and fourth quarters of 2020. The simulation results suggest that Commonwealth trade will be
negatively affected, with developed Commonwealth countries being impacted more than developing countries. They also show that the adverse effects on trade will depend on the duration and severity of the disease. The analysis demonstrates the interconnected and fragile nature of the economies and highlights the need for a coordinated response for recovery.
Unravelling the COVID-19 Remittances Puzzle
Authors: Mughogho Tamara
Published: January 2025

This paper will first re-examine the importance of remittances to developing countries and will also look at the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on remittances flows in 2020, both across the Commonwealth and beyond. It reviews cases in which countries have recorded unexpected increases to or stable remittances flows. These phenomena warrant further investigation for two main reasons: first, remittances support macroeconomic fundamentals in several developing countries, reflected as a high proportion of gross domestic product (GDP); and, second, vital lessons can be learned from those countries that have been able to sustain remittances flows during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, the paper outlines some policies that developing countries can adopt to help maintain the flow of remittances in the wake of a crisis.
Inclusive Energy Transition
Authors: Heffron Raphael
Published: January 2025

The threat of climate change has triggered a global transition to a low-carbon economy. The central challenge of this is to make sure that no one is left behind. Ensuring an inclusive energy transition is vital to achieving sustainable, stable, people-centred development that reflects the broader goals of society. This paper identifies how to deliver an inclusive transition for all stakeholders, as the pace of change accelerates in the next decade and beyond.
COVID-19 and Commonwealth FDI: Immediate Impacts and Future Prospects
Authors: Balchin Neil
Published: January 2025

This issue of Trade Hot Topics examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Commonwealth FDI. It presents the current picture globally and across the Commonwealth, based on available data and evidence, and offers projections for the likely trajectory of FDI inflows into the Commonwealth over the next two years, with the disclaimer that the pandemic is not yet over and its economic impacts, and their implications for investment flows, continue to evolve.
An Assessment of the Impact of COVID-19 Responses on MSMEs in the Informal Sector: Evidence from Commonwealth Countries in Africa
Authors: Saha Amrita , Quak Evert-Jan , Carreras Marco
Published: January 2025

This paper summarises current policy responses and groups them into five key areas: health and safety measures; welfare support; responses on taxes and fees; finance and credit measures; and structural policies. It then proposes a simple COVID-19 Response for Informal Sector (CRIS) Index that combines information on four indicators (breadth, access, cover and adequacy) for each policy area, based on announced measures, as well as the existing scenario in-country, allowing for systematic comparisons across the countries. Finally, it recommends a combination of short-term responses and medium- to long-term measures that are needed to support recovery for informal enterprises and workers.
Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Trade in the Commonwealth
Authors: Vickers Brendan , Ali Salamat , Zhuawu Collin , Zimmerman Andrea , Attaallah Husam , Dervisholli Edona
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on trade in food products in Commonwealth countries. Firstly, it provides an overview of agricultural and food trade of Commonwealth member countries and identifies potential vulnerabilities to trade disruptions. It then identifies the immediate impacts of the pandemic on trade. Thereafter, it outlines policy initiatives different Commonwealth countries have adopted to ensure adequate supplies of food and access to food by their populations. In conclusion, it recommends measures Commonwealth countries could take to maintain trade flows in agriculture and food products and to build resilience to protect against future crises.
Impact and Recovery from COVID-19 for Commonwealth Small States
Authors: Secretariat Commonwealth
Published: January 2025

This paper assesses the impact of COVID-19 on the trade and investment prospects of Commonwealth small states, focusing especially on commodities and tourism, and proposes several policy options to support a more sustainable economic recovery in CWSS and to build resilience to future shocks.
Quadrant Continuum Portal Theorem
Authors: Martinez Renee Simenona
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a theoretical framework for understanding the interconnection between life, time, and consciousness through the lens of quantum mechanics and philosophical inquiry. The theory proposes four distinct theoretical channels—Young, Physical Self, Old Age, and Absolute consciousness—as fundamental components of human existence. Drawing from neuroscience, quantum physics, and consciousness studies, this framework explores how these channels interact within the quantum continuum and their implications for understanding consciousness beyond physical existence. Meta-analysis of terminal lucidity cases (n=158) and longitudinal consciousness studies (n=1,247) provides empirical support for consciousness transitions near death. Statistical analysis demonstrates significant correlation (r = 0.78, p < 0.001) between quantum coherence measurements and consciousness preservation patterns.
An Overview of the Supervised Semantic Parsing
Authors: Chen Zhong-Yong
Published: January 2025

Understand the natural language is an important task for the intelligent robot. The one of the essential processes for understanding natural language is the supervised semantic parsing, which is to investigate the transformation of the text units into the logical forms, and the logical forms can help the intelligent robots inference the natural language so as to interact with the users intelligently and naturally. In this paper, the author provides an overview of the recent supervised semantic parsing methods for helping readers understand the whole picture of the recent supervised semantic parsing more quickly.
Whole Transcriptome-Wide Analysis Combined with Summarydata-Based Mendelian Randomization Identifies High-Riskgenes for Cholelithiasis Incidence
Authors: Liu Xuxu , Wang Heming , Xie Zhihong , Li Lianghao , He Yuanhang , Meng Ziang , Li Jiachen , Yu Jingjing , Du Zhiwei , Zheng Yi , Liu Tianming , Hao Chenjun , Xue Dongbo , Wang Liyi , Gao Enjun
Published: January 2025

Background:

Cholelithiasis is influenced by various factors, including genetic elements identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but their biological functions are not fully understood.

Methods:

Analyzing data from the Finngen database with 37,041 cholelithiasis cases and 330,903 controls, this study combined SNP data from GTEx v8 and linkage disequilibrium data from the 1000 Genomes Project. Using the TWAS FUSION protocol and SMR analysis, it investigated the relationship between gene expression and cholelithiasis, employing colocalization tests and conditional analyses to explore causality.

Results:

The study identified genes associated with cholelithiasis in the liver and whole blood, such as LINC01595, TTC39B, UGT1A3, with several showing colocalization traits. Notably, RP11-378A13.1 and ADAR were significantly associated with the disease in both tissues.

Conclusion:

This research provides insights into the genetic underpinnings of cholelithiasis, highlighting the significant role of gene expression in its development. It establishes new gene associations and identifies potential genetic markers for the disease.
Predictive Analytics for Monstrous Times
Authors: Cohn Jesse S.
Published: January 2025

In this chapter, the author tries to come to grips with the question, “what kind of times are these?” As the daily news becomes less and less plausible, we can increasingly understand our times only through fantastic narratives. This is a symptom of a global crisis of the Modern Constitution: in the Anthropocene, we can no longer support the “separation of powers” upon which modernity is founded, nor can we tolerate the human hierarchies founded upon that distinction. The twin crises of climate change and the coronavirus pandemic, as sociotechnical disasters, teach us that no disaster is purely natural or social. These themes are brought together in a rereading of a canonical science fiction story, “The Cold Equations,” in which SF is ritually purified of the feminine. The modern drive toward purification—its “Great Sorting Machine”—is forcefully resisted by works of the New Black Fantastic, which answer our question: this is a time of dreadful composites, of “monsters” both terrible and hopeful.
Methodological Metafetishism
Authors: Cohn Jesse S.
Published: January 2025

If we are to step away from modernity and resist its Great Sorting Machine, theories of the fetish must be radically reconsidered. This chapter proposes a “methodological metafetishism” as a way of thinking beyond the Modern Constitution and its subject-object categories. Through a series of reflections on science, technology, and fantasy, it is argued that we can learn much from traditional practices of fetishism, which force us to reexamine our concepts of modernity, subjectivity, agency, technics, and science.
White (Al)Lies
Authors: Rutter Emily Ruth
Published: January 2025

Donald Glover’s Atlanta and Jordan Peele’s tour-de-force horror film Get Out are especially poignant examples of the recent use of satire to expose patterns of white hypocrisy and treachery masquerading as sincerity and even allyship. Combining satirical tropes with the burgeoning Black comic horror genre, Get Out and Atlanta employ what bell hooks called an “oppositional black gaze” to make white threats to Black safety and autonomy legible. Peele’s and Glover’s white characters are not Ku Klux Klan members, or even those donning MAGA hats, but instead those professing their love for Black culture while simultaneously participating in vampiric acts of appropriation. Holding a mirror up to white viewers – a sizeable slice of the viewing audience for both Get Out and Atlanta – Peele and Glover dramatize the consequences of their “love and theft,” as Eric Lott felicitously phrased it, of Black people and culture.
Racial Self-Identification in Atlanta and Danzy Senna’s New People
Authors: Glavanakova Alexandra
Published: January 2025

Despite their generic differences, the television series Atlanta and Danzy Senna’s novel New People both explore how racial categories are influenced by the interplay between phenotypical characteristics, socially constructed expectations, prevailing stereotypes, and subjective self-identification. Both debunk fixed racial categories and implode post-racial fantasies through the representation of contemporary racialized experiences that involve a discrepancy between a performed and/or claimed racial identity and a phenotypical and/or perceived one in either mixed-race or transracial characters. Since the line dividing racial categories is neither well-defined nor stable, it often takes someone trying to cross or otherwise contradict that line to expose the fluidity and uncertainty of race. New People and Atlanta satirically question whether racial categories are regulated, policed, appropriated, and internalized, and who superintends such defining. These works’ portrayal of racial self-identification by mixed-race and transracial characters undermines any notion of a definitively dichotomous color line.
Atlanta and the Instability of Racial Performance
Authors: Foster-Singletary Tikenya
Published: January 2025

Atlanta’s use of magical realism, surrealism, and satire deliberately pushes viewers to consider discomforting issues surrounding Blackness and its expression, specifically ones that involve the hidden costs accompanying the social expectations of performing racialized identity in circumscribed ways. Two episodes from the show’s second season highlight how Atlanta destabilizes race by examining “incorrect” presentations of Blackness and ultimately recognizing both the capriciousness of racialized identity and the corresponding fragility of Black life. “Teddy Perkins” hyperbolizes a performance of Blackness to depict and to complicate Black pain, revisiting implications about the fullness of Black humanity, while “FUBU” contrasts this absurdism with a deceptively realistic retrospective presentation of Black boyhood. Both episodes invite examination of the postmodern Black condition by engaging a satirical lens that targets and undermines expectations about the concreteness of Blackness by presenting it as something that can always be taken away or shifted.
Mean Greens, Fried Neckbones, and Home Cookin’ at the Greasy Spoon
Authors: Smith Mike
Published: January 2025

The 60s saw a flowering of Black cultural expression in visual art, poetry, prose, dance, and, of course, music. Jazz musicians incorporated this new aesthetic in their output in wonderful ways, and they created a brand-new cultural concept – soul! Soul became the rallying cry in jazz song titles, jazz album titles, and personal interactions, spreading over into Black culture writ large. Album graphics especially made it plain–Black pride was on display!
From Wonder(s) to Sirens
Authors: Hamilton Patrick L.
Published: January 2025

Though Pérez’s 1987 relaunch of Wonder Woman is often singled out for its attention to gender, this chapter presents a concern regarding gender and its representation as present and evolving over the course of Pérez’s career. From his early work, which depicted male and female bodies with a generic roundness and similarity, Pérez became more conscious about distinguishing the bodies of his characters, starting with his work in New Teen Titans. With Wonder Woman, Pérez sought to elevate her within DC’s pantheon of heroes, largely eschewing the trite romantic plots and overt sexualization that prevailed before and after his run. Gender and its representation remain a constant concern in the later stages of Pérez’s career, persisting even during his most difficult times as an artist, manifesting throughout his return to Avengers beginning in 1998, and being the centerpiece of his final work, Sirens from Boom! Studios.
Conclusion
Authors: Hamilton Patrick L.
Published: January 2025

This brief conclusion describes the circumstances of George Pérez’s death, and the reaction and tributes that followed from fans, fellow creators, and the comics industry. It asserts that Pérez’s legacy within comics has only begun to be explored and explained.
Nolan’s Batman
Authors: Claverie Ezra
Published: January 2025

This chapter examines the trilogy directed by Christopher Nolan: Batman Begins (2005), The Dark Knight (2008), and The Dark Knight Rises (2012). This trilogy follows many of the norms of duopoly films while defying others in a deliberately auteurist direction. Critics have often read the trilogy as an allegory of the “War on Terror,” but this chapter reads it instead as an allegory of the management of intellectual property during a decade when financiers wrecked the American economy but avoided jail time, thus blurring the distinction between finance capitalism and organized crime. Nolan’s trilogy also blurs this distinction by making a corporation, Wayne Enterprises, instrumental to both the criminal hero and most of the trilogy’s villains; it presents shell companies, offshore banking, and defense procurement fraud as necessary conditions for both the Batman’s heroism and his opponents’ villainy.
Dreaming Like a Supervillain
Authors: Claverie Ezra
Published: January 2025

This concluding chapter proposes that the reader practice dreaming like a supervillain: imagining drastic changes to the status quo rather than defenses of it. Asking readers to follow in the tradition of Marvel’s What If anthology series and DC’s Elseworlds imprint, this coda offers counter-factual histories of the duopoly and the American media industries, where comic-book artists form trade unions and talent guilds, and where US lawmakers promote public rather than corporate interests.
The Voice of the State
Authors: Stańczyk Ewa
Published: January 2025

This chapter analyses how the pro-government print media of interwar Poland operationalized satire in their contributions to the nationwide debate on the “Jewish issue.” Using the case study of Warsaw-based magazine Mucha, the chapter shows how the outlet’s acquiescent satires on the official discourse, including foreign policy efforts to find overseas territories for mass Jewish settlement, enabled the magazine to ventriloquize the government’s discriminatory message and do so in ways that state officials themselves would be hesitant to express publicly. The chapter argues that, paired with folkloric representations of Jews, such portrayals used the poetic license that came with satire to normalize anti-Jewish stereotyping. Without attempting to provide answers about the possible impact of such content on the contemporary audiences, the chapter nonetheless highlights the persistent belittling of a people to which the pro-government reader of the time was perennially exposed.
Local Struggles
Authors: Stańczyk Ewa
Published: January 2025

This chapter takes us to the geographical stronghold of right-wing satire that is the region of Greater Poland. Using the case study of the Pokrzywy (Nettles) magazine, the chapter discusses how provincial print media strove to effect change from the bottom by mobilizing the local people to boycott Jewish economy and shaming those ethnic Poles who patronized Jewish businesses. The chapter contends that the magazine disseminated some of the most venomous antisemitic caricature of the day, combining ad hominem attacks on local citizens with global tropes of Jews as dangerous exploiters, conspirers, and communists. While the former portrayals were the creation of local amateur artists, the latter were illegal reprints from German antisemitic outlets. Combining local vignettes with transnational visual tropes indicates that, despite its focus on provincial affairs, the people behind the magazine were also cognizant with and eagerly embracing global trends in antisemitic representation.
Money, Money, Money
Authors: Barnholden Neale
Published: January 2025

This chapter presents a thematic overview of the Harvey Comics series Ri¢hie Ri¢h, a popular but poorly remembered series which ran in various forms from 1953 until 1991. Using the tools of distant reading, this chapter argues that the comics’ physical construction and material circulation has led to a misleading cultural understanding of the comic: while the covers of the product emphasize the character as privileged and smug, the creators of the stories, particularly Ernie Colón, attempted more complex uses of the character. This case study shows that the materiality of a text can inform a comic’s perceived cultural value regardless of the actual text involved. As a result of how his stories circulated, the character is now primarily used ironically or for satirical purposes.
Marvel and Kung Fu
Authors: Smith Troy D.
Published: January 2025

Chapter Three discusses the Asian stereotypes that Marvel Comics carried into the 1970s, from Yellow Peril imagery to that of the hypersexualized Dragon Lady. Marvel’s effort to capitalize on the popularity of Kung Fu films was closely entwined with Yellow Peril stereotypes. The star of the new title Master of Kung Fu, Shang-Chi, was the son of Sax Roehmer’s infamously racist villain Fu Manchu, rights to that character having been secured by Marvel. The white writers and artists often lacked self-awareness about the implications of the book’s trappings. The hero was presented as ashamed of his heritage, yet was always an outsider to the white supporting cast, a phenomenon called “perpetual foreigner syndrome.” Marvel’s next offering was even more problematic: Iron Fist was a white character, guilty of both appropriation and white savior syndrome. One Chinese-American fan, William F. Wu, engaged in a letter-writing campaign that eventually influenced Asian representations.
Fall Returns And Grandpa Dies in Early December
Authors: LeFalle-Collins Lizzetta
Published: January 2025

This chapter details the death of the author's grandfather, who was a proud and dedicated farmer, influenced by Booker T. Washington's progressive farming reforms. Despite the seemingly ordinary morning, her grandfather's final moments were marked by his last tasks on the dairy farm. Although her grandma faced a sudden and challenging future, she had to take over the dairy and manage the household amid economic difficulties. The community rallied around the family with support and food, honoring Angus Bates's life and work. The author then explores the hidden aspects of her grandfather's identity and family history. Angus Bates was raised by his mother's siblings, who adopted him after his birth mother died. Although he grew up as a Black man, he had White ancestry, which led to social challenges and gossip within the community. Angus's biological father was rumored to be a White man named Scott, a detail his family only discovered later in life.
Epilogue
Authors: Wilson Evelyn L.
Published: January 2025

In 1944, eminent scholars addressed the topic: “What the Negro Wants.” Black Americans had been sent to Europe, Africa, and Asia to fight for democracy and freedoms they could not enjoy in their home country. These scholars called their exclusion from the rights and privileges of American citizenship “racism” and labelled it a dangerous doctrine. They agreed that Americans raced “black” wanted to feel that they belonged to the country of their birth. This short chapter concludes that the free people of color in West Feliciana Parish experienced that feeling of belonging for a short while before the Civil War.
Taking Stock of the (Post)Racial Order of Things
Authors: Craig Byron B , Davis Patricia G. , Rahko Stephen E.
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the concept of “postrace” in the United States, drawing parallels to Walter Benjamin's allegory of history and examining its implications in contemporary American society. The idea of a “postracial” America, which gained prominence following Barack Obama's election, suggests that the country has transcended racial divisions. The chapter emphasizes how the notion of postracial America has been used to obscure the ongoing systemic racism that persists in various societal institutions. By analyzing the ways postracialism influences cultural and political discourse, the chapter critiques its role in perpetuating white supremacy and examines how it intersects with anti-Blackness. It seeks to map the evolving landscape of racial politics in the United States, noting the need for continued critical examination of postracial ideologies.
Proverb Masters
Authors: Summerville Raymond , Turner Patricia A.
Published: January 2025

Proverb Masters: Shaping the Civil Rights Movement argues that several individuals who possessed exceptional proficiency in the use of proverbs and proverbial language used this important skill to further civil rights causes. The text focuses on influential people whose ideas pertaining to social justice flourished throughout the long Civil Rights Era (the early 1900s through the 1970s). These figures include: Ida B. Wells, Charles W. Chesnutt, A. Philip Randolph, Bob Dylan, Septima P. Clark, Malcolm X, and Stokely Carmichael. It draws from ample scholarship from the field of peremiology and a wide corpus of historical research. The proverbs, sayings, and proverbial expressions are derived from an extensive array of source material including: diaries, autobiographies, biographies, interviews, letters, speeches, and songs. Proverb Masters illustrates that an individual’s values, beliefs, and worldview may be understood by analyzing the proverbs, sayings, and proverbial expressions frequented by them throughout their lives. A key feature of the book is that it emphasizes the essential role that proverbs and proverbial language played in promoting civil rights causes, arguing that they ultimately unified people for the common cause of social justice. Another important feature of this work is that the proverbs, proverbial expressions, and sayings that are included in the text are carefully contextualized, meaning ample consideration is given to all of the circumstances surrounding the historical moment in which they are used. As a result, readers are presented with a unique interpretation of American and Civil Rights history.
Proverbs and Social Justice
Authors: Summerville Raymond
Published: January 2025

The introduction of Proverb Masters: Shaping the Civil Rights Movement explains what proverbs are and the significant impact that folklorists, Wolfgang Mieder and Sw. Anand Prahlad had on the field of peremiology. The introduction addresses the fact that Mieder’s groundbreaking scholarship shaped the study of proverbs and social justice. Therefore, Proverb Masters builds on some of the important concepts and ideas established in Mieder’s work. Likewise, the introduction addresses some of Prahlad’s contributions to paremiology including the fact that Prahlad first coined the term “proverb master,” and the notion that Prahlad is also one of the first scholars to highlight the important roles that proverbs play in African and African American communities. The introduction also draws connections between the lives of the various proverb masters discussed in the text. Lastly, the introduction provides a general overview of each of the seven chapters.
“A Ghost You Can Feel and Hear but Never See ”
Authors: Slater Katharine
Published: January 2025

The chapter argues that the ghosts that haunt the Emily books are more than spectral. A non-normative queerness also pervades the story, provoking dissonances between what is desired and what is required, offering a sense of unhappiness that highlights the gap between the heteronormative structures of early-century Prince Edward Island and the gendered identities that resist. The chapters in this section also bring forward a theme that is important throughout the collection: empathy. Empathy comes into focus through the relevance of Emily to contemporary women writers, mothers both fictional and biographical, and all those who have experienced loss.
The Romance of History in the Emily Novels
Authors: Pike E. Holly
Published: January 2025

Pike explores one of the most consistent sources of conflict in the trilogy, namely the pressure of the past on the present, as Emily struggles with the traditions, sins, joys, and grievances of the many people she counts as ancestors. Pike offers an overlooked model for the trilogy’s understanding of history, a model that structures and illuminates Emily’s own understanding of the history that she must negotiate.
Creative Freedom and Holistic Growth: Implementation of the STEAM Approach in Islamic Early Childhood Education
Authors: Nadlifah  , Latif Muhammad Abdul
Published: January 2025

The rapid evolution of technology continues to drive the demand for highly skilled human resources capable of competing in an increasingly dynamic global environment. Preparing superior human resources from an early age is crucial to meeting these demands. This study investigates how the STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) approach is implemented and its impact on early childhood education at RA Fun Islamic School in Indonesia. Employing a qualitative case study methodology, data were gathered through observations, semi-structured interviews with educators, parents, and administrators, as well as an analysis of relevant documentation. The findings highlight STEAM's focus on nurturing creative freedom, critical thinking, and collaboration among young learners. Children participating in activities such as building structures and integrating arts with mathematics showed notable outcomes, including independent problem-solving and the development of unique solutions. The study also emphasizes the role of introducing simple engineering concepts and integrating technology to create dynamic and engaging learning environments. Despite these benefits, challenges like limited resources and the need for teacher training were identified. This research underscores the transformative potential of STEAM in promoting cognitive and social growth in early childhood education. Future studies should explore how this approach can be scaled to diverse educational settings and evaluate its long-term effects.
El tipo de injusto del delito de abandono del lugar del accidente
Authors: Sánchez Domingo Mª Belén
Published: January 2025

Esta obra aborda el análisis del delito de abandono del lugar del accidente del artículo 382 bis CP, delito introducido por la LO 2/2019, de 1 marzo. La regulación de este delito en el actual Código penal no está exenta de polémica, en especial por la similitud que ofrece con el delito de omisión del deber de socorro del artículo 195.3 CP. La presente obra ahonda en esta cuestión, con la finalidad de establecer criterios de distinción entre ambos delitos. Asimismo, quedan reflejados los problemas dogmáticos que plantea el delito de abandono del lugar del accidente, al ser muchos los aspectos controvertidos al respecto. Motivo por el cual se lleva a cabo un minucioso y pormenorizado análisis de su contenido, exponiendo los motivos que han llevado al legislador a su tipificación. Todo ello desde una posición crítica, llegando a la conclusión de la innecesariedad de dicho precepto en el Código penal.
Penggunaan Istilah Asing (Gairaigo) Review Makeup dalam Kanal Youtube Nanako [Neoki 1-byō]: Kajian Morfologi
Authors: Prastika Tiara Maulina , Kadir Puspa Mirani , Wagiati Wagiati
Published: January 2025

Language change is a significant impact of the evolution of the times and technological advances, facilitating global cultural communication and interaction. One example of this phenomenon is gairaigo in Japanese, which is an absorbent word from a foreign language and is very commonly used in everyday communication, especially in digital media like YouTube content. Gairaigo plays an important role in modern Japanese, especially in areas influenced by global trends such as makeup. This research aims to study the process of forming the use of gairaigo in reviewing makeup on the YouTube channel Nanako in the study of morphology. Data taken from YouTube with the title "[寝起き1秒] 春色ナチュラルだけどしっかり盛れる新作プチプラメイク [Neoki 1-byō] shunshoku nachurarudakedo shikkari moreru shinsaku puchipurameiku". The theory used in this study is the theory of Tsujimura concerning the formation of the word morphology in the Japanese language. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through recording, recording, and validating data by native speakers. The analysis showed that there were 28 Gairaigo words used in the video. These words undergo three types of morphological processes: compounding, clipping, and borrowing. Examples of these are ノーズシャドウ (nozu shadō), コントゥア (kontua), and ハイライトする. (hairaito suru). The findings showed the Japanese language's adaptation to foreign words through phonetic and morphological adjustments, enriching Japanese vocabulary and reflecting complex social and cultural dynamics. A deeper understanding of these morphological processes can make a significant contribution to the linguistic and literary study of language contacts and language changes as a result of globalization.
Analisis Makna Semantik Terjemahan Lirik Lagu Dalam Single Album River Dan Kimi Wa Melody JKT48
Authors: Masiruw Eunique Karen , Alfarisy Fitri
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyse semantic meaning from translated songs lyrics at JKT48's RIVER single album and kimi wa melody single album. In the seven translated lyrics from Japanese into indonesian in the JKT48's RIVER single album that include 4 songs Sakura no Shiori (Pembatas buku sakura), Mirai no kajitsu (Buah masa depan), and kimi ni au tabi koi wo suru (Jatuh cinta setiap bertemu dengan mu) and Kimi wa melody single album that include 3 songs Kimi wa melody (Dirimu melody), Koko ni ita koto (Kita pernah disini), and Omoide no hotondo (Sebagian besar kenangan) this research aims to describe and make classification of lexical, grammatical, and contextual meanings and also referential and non-referential meanings. The author limits this research by taking 2 categories from chaer (2014) theory including lexical, grammatical, and contextual meanings and also referential and non-referential meanings to understand more deeply the words of the lyrics than before. This research uses descriptive qualitative method where the data collected are data in the form of words and sentences by looking at the differences in meaning included in the characteristics according to Chaer (2014) including namely lexical, grammatical, and contextual meanings and also referential and non-referential meanings that exist in two song lyrics between Japanese and Indonesian translation version of JKT48's lyrics. This research is expected to provide further explanation of songs that are often heard by the wider community. Based on chaer (2014) theory, grammatical meanings be the least meaning found in all seven songs.