bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realizing health data interoperability in low connectivity settings: The case of VODAN-Africa
Authors: Amare Samson Yohannes , Taye Getu Tadele , Gebreslassie Tesfit Gebremeskel , Plug Ruduan , van Reisen Mirjam
Published: March 2023

VODAN Africa has produced FAIR data in low resource settings. Federated machine actionable data is available in a triple store for visiting. Interoperability facets (I1–I3) were followed to achieve semantic interoperability. Vertical interoperability was also realized with DHIS2.
On Insecure Uses of BGN for Privacy Preserving Data Aggregation Protocols
Authors: Lee Hyang-Sook , Lim Seongan , Yie Ikkwon , Yun Aaram
Published: March 2023

The notion of aggregator oblivious (AO) security for privacy preserving data aggregation was formalized with a specific construction of AO-secure blinding technique over a cyclic group by Shi et al. Some of proposals of data aggregation protocols use the blinding technique of Shi et al. for BGN cryptosystem, an additive homomorphic encryption. Previously, there have been some security analysis on some of BGN based data aggregation protocols in the context of integrity or authenticity of data. Even with such security analysis, the BGN cryptosystem has been a popular building block of privacy preserving data aggregation protocol. In this paper, we study the privacy issues in the blinding technique of Shi et al. used for BGN cryptosystem. We show that the blinding techniques for the BGN cryptosystem used in several protocols are not privacy preserving against the recipient, the decryptor. Our analysis is based on the fact that the BGN cryptosystem uses a pairing e : G × G → G T and the existence of the pairing makes the DDH problem on G easy to solve. We also suggest how to prevent such privacy leakage in the blinding technique of Shi et al. used for BGN cryptosystem.
Braking force characteristics and multi-objective optimization of eddy current brake under intensive impact load
Authors: Liang Shimin , Yang Guolai , Al-Zahrani Ahmed , Li Lei
Published: March 2023

As a new type of permanent magnet arrangement in the eddy current brake (ECB), the Halbach array is gradually gaining attention thanks to its excellent magnetic field utilization. However, the absence of an accurate theoretical model causes great distress in the design phase of the ECB. To tackle this, this article establishes a subdomain model that can intuitively observe the influence of structural and material parameters on the magnetic field and eddy current braking force. The accuracy of the analytical model is verified by the finite element method (FEM). The calculation results show that the eddy current braking force is the largest when the relative velocity of the primary and secondary reaches the critical velocity value. The recoil equation of motion is introduced to analyze the change law of the braking force under intensive impact load. A small prototype impact test platform was set up to analyze the change of braking characteristics of the ECB under the impact load. To reduce the weight of the ECB, the multi-objective optimization of the ECB parameters is carried out. The vital structural mass of the ECB is reduced by 19.44% while meeting the recoil requirements.
Evaluation of yield, biochemical characteristics and nutrient composition of ‘Camarosa’ strawberry in response to different K/N ratios
Authors: Yousefi Samaneh , Eshghi Saeid , Jamali Babak
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND:

The normal growth and yield of strawberry plant are affected by lack of balanced fertilization.

OBJECTIVE:

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different N/K ratios of nutrient solution on yield, some biochemical characteristics, macro-, and micronutrient concentrations, absorption, and translocation factor in strawberry ‘Camarosa’.

METHODS:

Three concentration levels of K (200, 250, and 300 mg l–1, using KNO3, KCl, and K2SO4) and two concentration levels of N (120 and 180 mg l–1, using NH4H2PO4, Ca(NO3)2, and KNO3) were applied during two vegetative and reproductive growth stages.

RESULTS:

The results showed that the highest productivity (149.05 g/plant), soluble sugars, and starch content were obtained from plants which had received a K/N ratio of 200/180 and 300/120 mg l–1 during the vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. Plants treated with the highest K and N concentrations (300 and 180 mg l–1, respectively) during the vegetative and reproductive stages had the highest leaf area, photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), as well as shoot and root dry weight. High N and low K concentration in the nutrient solution increased concentrations of N, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn while decreased K and Fe concentrations. In addition, higher N levels increased the uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn. At a K/N ratio of 200/120 mg l–1, the translocation factor of N decreased, while the translocation factor of K and Mg increased.

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, the changes in the K/N ratio significantly affected the concentration of nutrient elements, absorption and translocation factor.
A study on bilateral matching of dual objectives of new R&D institution-talent team based on cloud model-regret theory
Authors: Jiang Lin , Chen Biyun
Published: March 2023

To study the bilateral matching problem of new R&D institution-talent teams based on uncertain linguistic assessment information and multiple indicators-multiple talents, a cloud model regret theory-based information gathering method is proposed, and a bi-objective bilateral matching model based on single-indicator utility maximization and overall indicator utility maximization is constructed.. The method firstly constructs the demand indicators of new R&D institutions for talent teams, uses cloud data to characterize uncertain group linguistic assessment information, and converts cloud data into cloud perceived utility based on power function; secondly, calculates the indicator weights of each expert based on entropy power method, and secondly uses entropy power method to calculate comprehensive indicator weights, optimally solves objective expert weights based on the minimum variance of assessment information among experts, and integrates with subjective expert Again, based on regret theory, the cloud perceived utility of each talent under each index is converted into regret cloud perceived utility, and set with the index weights and expert weights into comprehensive cloud perceived utility; finally, a local-whole dual-objective bilateral matching model is constructed to obtain the matched talent team, and example analysis and method comparison are used to show that the method has feasibility and effectiveness.
Regional Consumption Inequalities in Pakistan under Relative Income Hypothesis
Authors:   , Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan, Ishtiaq Mehr U Nisa , Tauheed Tahira , Ishtiaq Isma
Published: March 2023

In this paper panel analysis is being carried on original Relative Income Hypothesis (RIH) and its other modifications over the time span of 1998 to 2015. To furnish reliable and appropriate estimation, Households Integrated Economic Surveys (HIES) based consumption and income variables have been gone through various stages of data filtering. The findings of Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) significantly validate the relevance of three types of ratchet effects (income, consumption and habit) in provinces. Average Propensity to Consume is highest for Baluchi’s households followed respectively by Pashtuns, Punjabi, and Sindhi. The selection of constant slop model implies that province-wise there is no difference in magnitudes of ratchet effect obtained from various versions of RIH. All provinces make adjustments in long run to their consumption in response to income fluctuations. Estimated marginal consumption propensities are according to economic theory that shows smooth consumption path in short run as well in the long run. Polices should be formulated to switch consumer mind set from consumption oriented to saving oriented with the help of appropriate tool of fiscal and monetary policies.
Remittances and their Impact on Poverty: An Empirical Study of Developing Countries Using ARDL
Authors:   s International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan, Noureen Rani Saima , Hasan Hamid , Zahra Hafiza Sadaf
Published: March 2023

The primary goal of this research is to investigate the link between remittances and poverty using a panel data set of developing countries from 1990 to 2020. Empirical findings of ARDL model suggests that an increase in remittances reduce poverty, which suggests that remittances can enhance the living standard of the poor. In developing countries the migration of labour is a good sign of poverty reduction. Financial development is significant and positively related to poverty reduction so there is a need of policies that promote ease for migrants and pro poor financial development is required. This work will contribute to examining dynamics between remittances and poverty using the data of selected developing countries.
Square peg in a round hole: Migration and romantic relationship troubles in the UK Zimbabwean diaspora
Authors: Ncube Mvikeli , Bentham Nicola
Published: March 2023

This qualitative study, in the form of in-depth semi-structured interviews which were analysed through Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) was carried out with divorced Zimbabweans living in the UK. Their stories, presented in this paper, shed light into the interplay between migration, enculturation and divorce. A snowball sample of 30 interviews were conducted over a period of six months in 2019 with participants from across the UK (excl. Northern Ireland). Most of the respondents were middle-aged, [30-45] and all had been living in the UK for at least one year. The research revealed how enculturation tensions are associated with marriage problems, but also how male divorcees were resistant to change as the change was perceived as a threat to their masculinity, leading to conflicts and ultimately divorce. Themes regarding structural inequalities, cultural ideologies, gender and violence are explored. Our findings have important implications for social services and marriage counsellors.
Virtual reality – from technology to the art
Authors: Mozhenko Mykola , Pryadko Alexandr
Published: March 2023

Purpose of Article. The study is related to the consideration of virtual reality as a new trendin the development of audiovisual arts. Methodology of investigation consists in analyzing thedevelopment of virtualization technologies in their historical, technological and aesthetic aspects.Scientific Novelty of the work is that analyzes the technologies of virtual reality in theirrelationship with the development of screen audiovisual arts. Conclusions. The growing power ofcomputers and the development of software allow today to create ever more realistic virtual worldsthat blur the line between real and virtual. Virtual reality itself is becoming a new aesthetic andartistic instrument, a new reality for audiovisual arts, which requires artists to adopt newapproaches and professional mastering of this powerfu ltool to influence the audience.Key words: virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, computer special effects
Current trends in directing opera performances
Authors: Ponomarenko Ivan
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify trends in the development of 21st-century operadirection in the context of symbiotic processes of theatrical and musical art. Methodology is basedon the use of complex theoretical interaction – systemic (for holistic research of operaperformances as an artistic phenomenon), historical (for analyzing the further development ofoperatic direction), analytical (for researching trends of operatic direction in the context of themodern sociocultural process) and empirical (for purposeful studying object of study) methods.Scientific novelty. The tendencies of the development of modern opera in the context of the specificsof directorial activity have been determined; analyzed the symbiotic processes of theatrical andmusical components of the opera on the example of the productions «Masked Ball» (dir. P. Pizzі, in2014), «La Traviata» (director A. Bernard, 2017), «Aida» by G. Verdi (dir. M. Kavanagh, 2018)and «Tosca» by G. Puccini (dir. A. Talevye, 2018) proved that innovative directorial principles andmethods have a positive effect on the development of performing skills of opera artists.Conclusions. The innovation of opera productions at the present stage is due to the pronouncedindividuality of the direction, the characteristic features of which are: an understanding of theimportance of the creative analysis of the specifics of the modern socio-cultural space; originalartistic thinking, etc. Summarizing the practice of opera and dramatic direction, leading artistscreate new staged culture using the discoveries of modern world theater, preferring the naturalexpression of emotions, reflection and revelation of the spiritual life of a person in performances,since it is the energy component of the play and its spectacle is the key to success with the viewer. The main principle of directorial cooperation with performers is the creation of holistic stageimages due to the accuracy of vocal interpretation and enhancement of acting. The classic legacy ofopera art is currently the basis for innovative creative searches of directors, dominant in which isto preserve the structure of the work as a holistic phenomenon, strengthening the leading role ofmusical dramaturgy, non-standard possibilities of stage decisions, according to the features of themusical score.Key words: opera, musical score, directors, opera performances, conductors, operaperformers.
Pavlo Virskyi's creativity in the modern scientific discourse
Authors: Shumilova Viktoriia
Published: March 2023

Purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to analyze the scientific discourse of thebeginning of the XXI century about the works of Pavlo Virskyi. Methodology. The use of elementsof discourse analysis, methods of systematization and typology to identify the main genres ofscientific publications made it possible to conduct an objective study and draw reliable conclusions.Scientific novelty. For the first time considered the genres of scientific discourse on the creativity ofP. Virskyi. Conclusions. The work of P. Virskyi is reflected in the main genres of scientificdiscourse – articles, monographs, dissertations, materials of scientific conferences, textbooks.However, in recent years, monographs specifically devoted to aspects of P. Virskyi’s creativity havenot been created, despite certain ideological stratifications do not lose their relevance to themonograph by Yu. Stanishevskyi (1962) and H. Borymska (1971). Diversity, emotionality,professional orientation became the hallmarks of modern scientific discourse about the creativity ofP. Virskyi. Despite the considerable discursive field of creativity by P. Virskyi, a wide range ofproblems did not fall into his circle. Particularly noteworthy is the clarification of the place androle of the choreographer in the development of world choreographic art, the identification of themulti-vector interaction of P. Virskyi’s work not only with Ukrainian artists but also more widely –in a global context.Key words: Pavlo Virskyi, scientific discourse, folk dance, folk-stage dance, ballet master,choreography.
The problems of organizational and practical activities of the composer of drama theatre in the comprehension of Oleksandr Radchenko
Authors: Novosad Khrystyna
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to outline the range of issues connected with composer’s work indrama theatre, carried out by O. Radchenko, direct participant of the theatrical process. Themethodology of the research is based on a combination of historical, biographical and analyticalmethods. The scientific novelty in the discourse is represented with letters, reports and other texts byO. Radchenko dedicated to issues of work on the musical part of drama performance in the unity ofcreative and organizational aspects. Conclusions. The analysis of utterances by O. Radchenko in their different forms about the role and place of composer in work on performance and generally intheatre allows us to estimate the completeness and profoundness of artist’s awareness of specificity ofthis work that combines creativity (music creation and its orchestration or selection of material formusical arrangement) and organizational part (writing “abstracts on music” and comments forclavier with descriptions of duration of each element, duties of conductor, choirmaster, concertmaster,teaching actors solfeggio). Apart form this composer had to overcome difficulties conditioned by thattime theatre process (short timing, unprofessional vocalist-actors, often understaffed orchestras, etc.).Radchenko’s ideas haven’t lost their topicality for modern artists and scientists.Key words: music in drama theatre, administrator of the musical part in theatre, theatricalcomposer, creative work of Oleksandr Radchenko, Maria Zan’kovetska theatre
Concertoes of L. Beethoven as repertory peg of the programs in pianists of Odessa
Authors: Shevchenko Lilia
Published: March 2023

The Purpose of the article is an underlining сhant base of essential sides themes andconcepts as a whole L. Beethoven works, including early, undervalued on ideological reason inspecialized literature, but always broadly claimed in practical person music concerto, includingsuch prominent actor as S.Richter, well-mannered and formed by achievements art South Palimiry.Scientific novelty of the study is determined by theoretical independence of the vision in Josephineclassicism to essence of the Viennese school, as well as for the first time in Ukrainian musicologyare analyzed in accepted foreshortening in Beethoven chant style First and the Second pianoconcertos prominent Viennese classics and is determined high artistic value their over-individuallyrical forming expressions. Conclusions. The First and Second piano concertos of Beethovendemonstrate the common signs of the Viennese classicism as direct projection Josephine classicismin instrumental art, under that First concerto concentrates specifically for creative activityBeethoven as a whole line of themes in chant style, аpоgее which becomes the play-off-cantata toNinth symphony. Attention to this early works of Beethoven escalated post in contemporaneitypostmodernism mistrust to rationalist dialоgic-dialectics theatrical, dramatic art and uniting to thelyricism of the spiritual music, a renaissance which evident image notes the repertoire of theartistic appearances preference. Bequeathing S.Richter confidence to chant themes in earlycomposition, the bright discovery of specifics which is First and the Second piano concertos,inspires the performers of the Odessa by involvement to church-spiritual headwaters of this music,which occupies a traditionally high position in repertory choice musician Odessa. After all in thecenter of the cultural property, there is the choral tradition of "church" K.Pigrov, but the vocalopening is provided genius of M.Glinka, an operatic creative activity which inseparable fromsearching for deep headwaters to the orthodox tradition of the singing.Key words: a genre of the piano concerto, style in music, piano style, style of the culture ofthe Odessa, piano style in plays a musician of the Odessa
The contribution of Ukrainian composers to the development of youth music in the twentieth century (on the example of the analysis of the piano concert of V.Kosenko)
Authors: Khil Olena
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the work. Identify the stylistic principles of V. Kosenko's Piano Concerto fortheir inscription in the paradigm of the Ukrainian musical culture of the twentieth century and asthe national embodiment of its youth component. Methodology. At the heart of the study is anintonational approach, in which the style-comparative, hermeneutical, culturological methods andusage are highlighted, which makes it possible to assess Kosenko's authorial identity as a productof the national cultural thought of the past. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the analysis, V.Kosenko's Piano Concerto is presented in correlation with the works born of the youth expansion(the "new youth" of the Sixties era) of the 1920s, whose rigid atradiationalism gives birth in anational thought a turn from opera and vocal-choral classics of Ukrainian music to demonstrativeinstrumentalism , but in unity with appeasement to the stylistic synthesis of romantic tradition andsymbolist manifestations of modernity. Conclusion. The genre of the piano concerto, especially inhis youthful rebellion in the work of V.Kosenko, proclaims a new stage in the development of theUkrainian musical culture of the 20th century in the direction of its instrumental channel, thetraditionalist inclination of which we find in Kosenka in the form of a demonstration of theaffirmation of the Lisianian concert, but at the same time as the tendencies To overcome Lisstvo'ssame orchestral dramatization and with an appeal to the early bond issue, which is also found inJuvenile Concerts by F. Chopin; The latter's music occupied a great place both in the guideline ofV.Kosenko's personality in person and in the domain of pioneering searches of Ukrainian andRussian (V. Barvinsky, L. Revutsky, O. Skryabin, S. Rachmaninov) artists of the twentieth century asa whole.Key words: genre of concert, style of Ukrainian music of the 20th century, symbolism,romanticism, traditionalism – atraditionalism.
Cyclic dynamics of fashion: theoretical and methodological basis and prospects of the forecasting of the end of XX – beginning of XXI centuries
Authors: Biliakovych Liana
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to generalize the positions of the theories of cyclic fashion development and to identify their relevance in fashion trends forecasting of the end of XX – beginning of XXI centuries. Methodology. Methodological basis of the research is formed by the principles of historicism and objectivity, the laws of the system approach, a comparative and historical method of analysis. The scientific novelty of the article is to find out the relevance of the inciples of "cyclic theories" in the dynamics of fashion forecasting of the end of XX – beginning of XXI centuries. Conclusions. The analysis of the cyclicity of fashion theories confirms the topicality of a number of their principles in fashion trends forecasting of the end of XX – beginning of XXIcenturies. At the same time, the topical tasks of scientific studies are the concretization of the fashion cycles duration taking into account the dynamization of fashion changes; the analysis of the combination of natural cyclic dynamics with ascending general tendencies; the substantiation of style parameters of fashion cycles; the in-depth study of the periods of acceptance and dissemination of fashion.Key words: theories of cyclic dynamics of fashion, principles of forecasting in design, methods of prediction in design, modeling method, extrapolation
Semiotization of Russian aggression against Ukraine in Chinese diplomatic discourse
Authors: Fedichev О. Ye.
Published: March 2023

The article attempts to apply the methods of critical discourse research proposed by T. A. van Dijk to analyze the position of the Chinese side regarding the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, declared by senior officials of the People’s Republic of China in the period from the beginning of the large-scale invasion on February 24, 2022 to the end of August, 2022. The structural, lexical-semantic and pragmatic aspects of the texts of the relevant documents posted on the official Internet resources of the state authorities of the People’s Republic of China are analyzed, taking into account the current international political context, the actual interests of China in the global and regional dimensions, through the prism of which it is considered appropriate to see, in particular, official Beijing’s rhetoric regarding possible ways to achieve peace. The author conducted a detailed analysis of the texts of the official statements of the President of the People’s Republic of China Xi Jinping, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of China Wang Yi, the Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Yang Jiechi, as well as messages on the official Internet resources of the state authorities of the People’s Republic of China about their negotiations with foreign partners, where the issue of the war in Ukraine was raised. Based on the results of the analysis of fragments of the discourse, taking into account the current geopolitical context, the key discursive goals that the Chinese side is most likely trying to achieve are determined, namely: positive self-presentation of China as a peace-loving state, which, moreover, steadfastly adheres to the norms and principles of international law against the background of creating a negative the image of Western countries, first of all, its key geopolitical competitor – the USA – as states that contribute to the escalation of war for the sake of achieving their own geopolitical goals, an attempt to neutralize the negative image of the Russian Federation by promoting theses about the “historical causes” of the conflict as a justification for the fact of aggression.
Biblical vocabulary of the Modern Literary Hindi language and its formation methods
Authors: Shershun Ya. А.
Published: March 2023

The article displays the derivational methods of nouns and adjectives in the modern literary Hindi languge. The determination of the productivity of word-formation processes of the modern literary Hindi language is carried out on the basis of prefix, suffix, prefix-suffix methods of word-formation and stem-formation. To cover the topic of the proposed research, the author analyzes the scientific works of Ukrainian, European and Indian linguists to reveal the concepts of «derivational processes» in language, «biblicality» in linguistic culture. The scientists conclude that the lexical system of a language, including the biblical language, reflects the mentality and culture of a particular ethnic group and its perception of the world. The paper also considers the typological features of the word-formation methods of the modern literary Hindi language and offers the comparative characteristics of suffixes and prefixes, semantic and structural features of the biblical origin vocabulary based on the works of Ukrainian, European and Asian linguistics. The author finds out that the study of the biblical vocabulary of the modern literary Hindi language determines the national and cultural patterns of the Hindi speakers in India, Christians in particular, who use the biblical origin vocabulary in everyday life. The research establishes the most productive derivatives for the formation of nouns and adjectives, as well as active word-formation methods of nouns and adjectives of the biblical origin of the modern literary Hindi language. The scientific research identifies the main derivational methods of nouns and adjectives that have a systematic functioning in the biblical text of the modern literary Hindi language. The results of the research prove that the variety of prefixes and suffixes of the Bible lexicon in the modern literary Hindi language indicates its dynamic development.
ТЕМАТИЧНА ГРУПА СТАТЕВИХ БАКТЕРІЙНИХ ІНФЕКЦІЙ ЯК СКЛАДНИК ВЕНЕРОЛОГІЧНОЇ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ
Authors: ТЕЛЕКИ Марія , СИНИЦЯ Валентина
Published: March 2023

Дослідження орієнтовано на аналіз термінів статевих бактерійних інфекцій як складової частини термінологічного фонду венерології. Мета дослідження – на матеріалі латинської мови висвітлити первісне та мотиваційне підґрунтя термінологічних одиниць на позначення інфекційних статевих хвороб, що спричиняють бактерійні інфекції. Основні методи вивчення термінів: вибірки, спостереження, етимологічний, компонентного, дефініційного аналізу, структурний, частково класифікаційний, семантичного моделювання, опису. Описана групи термінів інфекційних статевих хвороб, зумовлених бактерійними інфекціями. З’ясовані первісні значення компонентів термінів та мотивація утворення термінологічних одиниць на позначення інфекцій, що передаються статевим шляхом. Проаналізовані різні за структурним складом термінологічні утворення. Означені семантико-структурні особливості та дериваційні способи і засоби утворення термінів. Схарактеризовані компоненти складних термінів, семантично цілісні термінологічні словосполучення. Зауважено лінгвокультурологічний аспект термінів. Підмічено, що термінам інфекційних статевих захворювань притаманна синонімія. Це пояснюється тим, що з розвитком венерологічної науки поряд зі застарілими назвами виникають нові поняття, які отримують нові номінації. Атрибути у синонімічних термінологічних словосполученнях доповнюють або уточнюють інформацію про захворювання. Таким чином визначено, що для називання термінологічної одиниці первісна семантика кожного зі словотвірних елементів стає мотиваційною ознакою, яка відображає ту або ту властивість, необхідну для мотивованої номінації хвороби бактерійного походження. Мотивацією для найменування захворювання слугують також епоніми, топоніми, номенклатурні назви бактерій, що спричиняють статеві бактерійні інфекції.
Науково-дослідницький аспірантський семінар : навчально-методичний посібник
Authors:   Національний університет ", Бехруз Х. Н. ,   Одеська юридична академія", Грушко М. В. , Мануїлова К. В.
Published: March 2023

У навчально-методичному посібнику викладено основні теоретичні питання науково-дослідницького аспірантського семінару, розкрито напрямки та основні етапи роботи над науковим дослідженням, особливості організації та реалізації спільних досліджень в складі дослідницьких груп, зміст наукового дослідження та його інформаційне забезпечення, теоретичні принципи і методологічні засади наукового дослідження, оформлення наукових досліджень, оприлюднення та апробація результатів наукових дослідження. Навчально-методичний посібник містить тестові завдання, що сприяють поглибленню знань, ефективному застосуванню методики. Посібник призначений для здобувачів вищої освіти за спеціальністю 293 «Міжнародне право» денної та заочної форми навчання закладів вищої освіти.
Povodom imenovanja Dr. sc. Željka Jurjevića za voditelja nacionalnog mikološkog programa tvrtke EMSL Analytical, Inc. SAD
Authors: Cvjetković Bogdan
Published: March 2023

Dr. sc. Željko Jurjević imenovan je 2021. godine voditeljem nacionalnog mikološkog programa, u EMSL Analytical, Inc., Najvećoj tvrtki za ispitivanje okoliša u SAD-u i Kanadi, u čijem sastavu je više od 50 laboratorija, sa sjedištem u Cinnaminson, New Jersey-ju (NJ). Tim povodom naveden je kratki životopis s posebnim osvrtom na njegova otkrića na polju mikologije. Kao autor ili kao koautor opisao je 83 do tada neopisane gljivične vrste, dva roda (Caeliomyces i Muriphila) i tri Aspergillus sekcije (Petersonium, Robusti, Tanneri). U radu su navedeni taksoni na kojima je sudjelovao u njihovom otkriću.
Multicomponent synthesis of chromophores – The one-pot approach to functional π-systems
Authors: Brandner Larissa , Müller Thomas J. J.
Published: March 2023

Multicomponent reactions, conducted in a domino, sequential or consecutive fashion, have not only considerably enhanced synthetic efficiency as one-pot methodology, but they have also become an enabling tool for interdisciplinary research. The highly diversity-oriented nature of the synthetic concept allows accessing huge structural and functional space. Already some decades ago this has been recognized for life sciences, in particular, lead finding and exploration in pharma and agricultural chemistry. The quest for novel functional materials has also opened the field for diversity-oriented syntheses of functional π-systems, i.e. dyes for photonic and electronic applications based on their electronic properties. This review summarizes recent developments in MCR syntheses of functional chromophores highlighting syntheses following either the framework forming scaffold approach by establishing connectivity between chromophores or the chromogenic chromophore approach by de novo formation of chromophore of interest. Both approaches warrant rapid access to molecular functional π-systems, i.e. chromophores, fluorophores, and electrophores for various applications.
Microbiological diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing compared with conventional culture for patients with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Lin Tianlai , Tu Xueliang , Zhao Jiangman , Huang Ling , Dai Xiaodong , Chen Xiaoling , Xu Yue , Li Wushuang , Wang Yaoyao , Lou Jingwei , Wu Shouxin , Zhang Hongling
Published: March 2023

Background

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an extraordinarily heterogeneous illness, both in the range of responsible pathogens and the host response. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a promising technology for pathogen detection. However, the clinical application of mNGS for pathogen detection remains challenging.

Methods

A total of 205 patients with CAP admitted to the intensive care unit were recruited, and broncho alveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) from 83 patients, sputum samples from 33 cases, and blood from 89 cases were collected for pathogen detection by mNGS. At the same time, multiple samples of each patient were tested by culture. The diagnostic performance was compared between mNGS and culture for pathogen detection.

Results

The positive rate of pathogen detection by mNGS in BALF and sputum samples was 89.2% and 97.0%, which was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than that (67.4%) of blood samples. The positive rate of mNGS was significantly higher than that of culture (81.0% vs. 56.1%, P = 1.052e-07). A group of pathogens including Mycobacterium abscessus, Chlamydia psittaci, Pneumocystis jirovecii, Orientia tsutsugamushi, and all viruses were only detected by mNGS. Based on mNGS results, Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (15/61, 24.59%) of non-severe patients with CAP, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was the most common pathogen (21/144, 14.58%) leading to severe pneumonia. Pneumocystis jirovecii was the most common pathogen (26.09%) in severe CAP patients with an immunocompromised status, which was all detected by mNGS only.

Conclusion

mNGS has higher overall sensitivity for pathogen detection than culture, BALF, and sputum mNGS are more sensitive than blood mNGS. mNGS is a necessary supplement of conventional microbiological tests for the pathogen detection of pulmonary infection.
Alterated gene expression in dilated cardiomyopathy after left ventricular assist device support by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wei Ying , Cao Hao , Peng Yuan-Yi , Zhang Bo
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Heart transplantation is the best treatment for end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support is becoming more prevalent and may delay heart transplantation. Gene expression of the left ventricular myocardium usually changes following LVAD implantation. In this study, we aimed to identify potential biomarkers to determine the prognosis of patients with DCM after receiving LVAD support.

Methods

We extracted microarray datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), including GSE430 and GSE21610. There were 28 paired DCM samples in the GSE430 and GSE21610 profiles. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at LVAD implantation and heart transplantation. DEGs were annotated according to Gene Ontology (GO) and analyzed according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The top 10 crucial genes were predicted using Cytoscape plugin CytoHubba in conformity with the network degree algorithm. The levels of gene expression and the diagnostic values of crucial genes were confirmed in the clinical datasets.

Results

The 28 DEGs were clustered into the GSE datasets. GO annotations and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that inflammation might be involved. They were associated with correlative inflammation. Combined with PPI networks, these results revealed CytoHubba's top 10 hub genes, including CCL2, CXCL12, CXCL1, CTGF/CCN2, CX3CR1, POSTN, FKBP5, SELE, AIF1, and BMP2. Among them, CCL2, CXCL12, FKBP5, and BMP2 might be considered prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers after LVAD support and have confirmed their validity in clinical datasets. The area under the curve of the four main hub genes was more than 0.85, indicating high diagnostic ability and good prognosis for patients with DCM with LVAD implantation. However, a significant effect of CCL2, CXCL12, FKBP5, and BMP2 expression was not observed on the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac index (CI), or support time of LVAD.

Conclusion

CCL2, CXCL12, FKBP5, and BMP2 could be potential gene biomarkers for patients with DCM after LVAD support. These findings provide critical clues for the therapeutic management of patients with DCM and LVADs. LVEDD, LVEF, CI, and support time of LVAD were not correlated with the expression of these hub genes.
Centralization or decentralization? A spatial analysis of archaeological sites in northern China during the 4.2 ka BP event
Authors: Zhang Shengda , Zhang David D.
Published: March 2023

The phenomenon of centralization or decentralization has been widely observed in archaeological research. Studies are usually related to the evolution and dynamics of culture or civilization, but less pertinent to the temporal–spatial pattern and variation of human settlement, especially the insufficient applications of statistics and spatial analyses; also, their relationship with climate change is unclear. In this study, using the one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) and standard deviational ellipse (SDE) with its parameters and frequency histogram, with thousands (>4,000) of document-based data on archaeological sites (the indicator of human settlement), two pairs of successive cultural types, i.e., Majiayao–Qijia cultures and Longshan–Yueshi cultures in both ends of northern China were compared as cross-regional cases to uncover whether the locations of prehistoric settlements with ended or started ages were (de-) centralized under the impacts of climate cooling and aridification during the well-known “4.2 ka BP event” (4200–3900 BP). The results illustrate that the “inherited” sites become more decentralized. Such a pattern embodies human resilience (including adaptation and migration) for pursuing better living conditions under the circumstances of climatic and environmental deterioration over the mid–late Holocene cultural transition, which provides some implications for the response to contemporary climate change.
Glucoregulatory disruption in male mice offspring induced by maternal transfer of endocrine disrupting brominated flame retardants in DE-71
Authors: Kozlova Elena V. , Chinthirla Bhuvaneswari D. , Bishay Anthony E. , Pérez Pedro A. , Denys Maximillian E. , Krum Julia M. , DiPatrizio Nicholas V. , Currás-Collazo Margarita C.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are commercially used flame retardants that bioaccumulate in human tissues, including breast milk. PBDEs produce endocrine and metabolic disruption in experimental animals and have been associated with diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in humans, however, their sex-specific diabetogenic effects are not completely understood. Our past works show glucolipid dysregulation resulting from perinatal exposure to the commercial penta-mixture of PBDEs, DE-71, in C57BL/6 female mice.

Methods

As a comparison, in the current study, the effects of DE-71 on glucose homeostasis in male offspring was examined. C57BL/6N dams were exposed to DE-71 at 0.1 mg/kg/d (L-DE-71), 0.4 mg/kg/d (H-DE-71), or received corn oil vehicle (VEH/CON) for a total of 10 wks, including gestation and lactation and their male offspring were examined in adulthood.

Results

Compared to VEH/CON, DE-71 exposure produced hypoglycemia after a 11 h fast (H-DE-71). An increased fast duration from 9 to 11 h resulted in lower blood glucose in both DE-71 exposure groups. In vivo glucose challenge showed marked glucose intolerance (H-DE-71) and incomplete clearance (L- and H-DE-71). Moreover, L-DE-71-exposed mice showed altered glucose responses to exogenous insulin, including incomplete glucose clearance and/or utilization. In addition, L-DE-71 produced elevated levels of plasma glucagon and the incretin, active glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide (GLP-1) but no changes were detected in insulin. These alterations, which represent criteria used clinically to diagnose diabetes in humans, were accompanied with reduced hepatic glutamate dehydrogenase enzymatic activity, elevated adrenal epinephrine and decreased thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass, indicating involvement of several organ system targets of PBDEs. Liver levels of several endocannabinoid species were not altered.

Discussion

Our findings demonstrate that chronic, low-level exposure to PBDEs in dams can dysregulate glucose homeostasis and glucoregulatory hormones in their male offspring. Previous findings using female siblings show altered glucose homeostasis that aligned with a contrasting diabetogenic phenotype, while their mothers displayed more subtle glucoregulatory alterations, suggesting that developing organisms are more susceptible to DE-71. We summarize the results of the current work, generated in males, considering previous findings in females. Collectively, these findings offer a comprehensive account of differential effects of environmentally relevant PBDEs on glucose homeostasis and glucoregulatory endocrine dysregulation of developmentally exposed male and female mice.
Transition of young adults with metabolic bone diseases to adult care
Authors: Ross Jordan , Bowden Michelle R. , Yu Christine , Diaz-Thomas Alicia
Published: March 2023

As more accurate diagnostic tools and targeted therapies become increasingly available for pediatric metabolic bone diseases, affected children have a better prognosis and significantly longer lifespan. With this potential for fulfilling lives as adults comes the need for dedicated transition and intentional care of these patients as adults. Much work has gone into improving the transitions of medically fragile children into adulthood, encompassing endocrinologic conditions like type 1 diabetes mellitus and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. However, there are gaps in the literature regarding similar guidance concerning metabolic bone conditions. This article intends to provide a brief review of research and guidelines for transitions of care more generally, followed by a more detailed treatment of bone disorders specifically. Considerations for such transitions include final adult height, fertility, fetal risk, heritability, and access to appropriately identified specialists. A nutrient-dense diet, optimal mobility, and adequate vitamin D stores are protective factors for these conditions. Primary bone disorders include hypophosphatasia, X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets, and osteogenesis imperfecta. Metabolic bone disease can also develop secondarily as a sequela of such diverse exposures as hypogonadism, a history of eating disorder, and cancer treatment. This article synthesizes research by experts of these specific disorders to describe what is known in this field of transition medicine for metabolic bone diseases as well as unanswered questions. The long-term objective is to develop and implement strategies for successful transitions for all patients affected by these various conditions.
Application of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on tissue resident stem cells: Potential for ophthalmic diseases
Authors: Lin Zichun , Gao Liyu , Hou Ning , Zhi Xushuang , Zhang Yupeng , Che Zelin , Deng Aijun
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Tissue-resident stem cells (TRSCs) have the ability to self-renew and differentiate throughout an individual’s lifespan, and they utilize both mechanisms to maintain homeostasis and regenerate damaged tissues. Several studies suggest that these stem cells can serve as a potential source for cell-replacement-based therapy by promoting differentiation or expansion. In recent years, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been demonstrated to effectively stimulate stem cell proliferation and differentiation, promote tissue regeneration, and inhibit inflammatory responses.

Aims

To present a comprehensive overview of current application and mechanism of LIPUS on tissue resident stem cells.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Web of Science for articles on the effects of LIPUS on tissue resident stem cells and its application.

Results

The LIPUS could modulate cellular activities such as cell viability, proliferation and differentiation of tissue resident stem cells and related cells through various cellular signaling pathways. Currently, LIPUS, as the main therapeutic ultrasound, is being widely used in the treatment of preclinical and clinical diseases.

Conclusion

The stem cell research is the hot topic in the biological science, while in recent years, increasing evidence has shown that TRSCs are good targets for LIPUS-regulated regenerative medicine. LIPUS may be a novel and valuable therapeutic approach for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases. How to further improve its efficiency and accuracy, as well as the biological mechanism therein, will be the focus of future research.
Construction of an ecological security pattern for the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration: Scale perspective and hierarchy demand
Authors: Ye Hao , Song Yongyong , Xue Dongqian , Xia Siyou , Tang Yu , Zhang Liwei
Published: March 2023

As areas of dense populations and high economic activity, urban agglomerations have driven an overall increase in economic efficiency; however, the associated ecological risks are becoming increasingly apparent. The construction of ecological security patterns (ESPs) is an important approach for ensuring the ecological security of urban agglomerations, thereby achieving coordinated development of society, economy and ecology. Previous studies on ESPs have rarely considered the demand for ecosystem services at multiple scales and have accordingly failed to accurately identify important ecological sources. Here, we propose a novel method based on multi-scale ecosystem service demand to identify ecological sources, which can more accurately identify the ecological source meeting the regional sustainable development. Selecting the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration (GPUA) as study area, we constructed a resistance surface by comprehensively considering natural and anthropogenic disturbances. We found high resistance areas are mainly concentrated in highly urbanized areas with Xi’an as the core. In addition, we performed minimum cumulative resistance and gravity model to obtain and classify ecological corridors. The results revealed that the ecological sources identified in this study can enhance the connectivity of the inner regions of the GPUA and the linkage between north and south ecological corridors. The ecological sources were found to be concentrated in the southern Qinling Mountains, with an area of 28,780.02 km2, accounting for 26.85% of entire region. Furthermore, we identified 121 potential ecological corridors, 47 ecological nodes, and 49 ecological breakpoints, and established that the extent of land with a high level of ecological security accounts for 21.98% of the entire regional area. This study offers a new perspective for ESPs construction, which can provide a scientific basis and policy guidance for the optimization of spatial structure and the maintenance of ecological security in ecologically fragile urban agglomerations.