bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of The Vacuum Drying process for Bee Pollen Using the R method
Authors: Khoa Bui Quoc , Hay Nguyen , Duc Le Anh , Tam Pham Huu
Published: December 2024

Bee pollen, commonly known as pollen, is a product of exceptionally nutritrional and economic value. It has natural origin because harvested entirely by hand from beekeeping farms. Researching post-harvest techniques to process raw pollen into commerical products that meet requirements for moisture limits and vitamin C content is an urgent need. This study involves developing a pilot-scale vacuum drying equipment (5 kg/batch capacity) and investigating drying operational conditions using the response surface method. Based on the regression equations for vitamin C content and electricity consumption with respect to temperature and material thickness, optimized set drying parameters have been established that can be used for production scale in terms of energy savings and sustainability.
The concepts of plain/easy language in the context of oral speech
Authors:   St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, Eftimova Andreana
Published: December 2024

The article examines the theoretical understanding of the need to language tailoring that provide accessible communication. The problems on which the researchers are working are presented: the essence and peculiarities of the language varieties of the plain (PL) and easy (EL) language, their status in the context of the other language variants. The principles of adapting speech in OE and LE are derived and their application in writing guides prepared by media and institutions is discussed. A review of writing guides for general audiences in the media and in institutions shows that intuitively derived internal standards for accessible communication operate in practice. However, there is a lack of a consistent and unified description of strategies for making the language accessible to a wide audience. Therefore, the tailoring of PL and the preparation of descriptions and guidelines for the implementation of this language variety can, on the one hand, benefit from the results in the research of conversational and oral communication, and on the other hand, regulate the efforts to achieve accessible communication of the institutions and the media with citizens.
Hypocoristic forms of rare given names and new given names in the Bulgarian naming system
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, Levkova Rada
Published: December 2024

The hypocoristics are mostly used in spoken communication, thus they cannot be found in anthroponymic dictionaries, unless they have become official forms. Hypocoristic forms of new and rare names were collected via a questionnaire. The analysis shows that both traditional and new patterns were used to form them. Some are influenced by models typical for the English language.
Sociolinguistic view on the soft plosives
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, Marinov Vladislav , Padareva-Ilieva Gergana ,   South-West University Neofit Rilski
Published: December 2024

Studies in Phonetics, Dialectology and Sociolinguistics state a difference between soft consonants of eastern and western Bulgarian type, which also manifests itself at the auditory level. In the present study, we present the results of an experiment with an object of study – the soft plosive bilabial consonants with eastern and western types of articulation. The perceptual experiment aims to check whether modern speakers of the Bulgarian language perceive a difference between the articulation of soft consonants of both types. A gender division was also included in the experiment to determine whether such a difference was perceived equally in terms of articulation by women and men.
Analysis of Tools Supporting Travel Planning by Public Transport in Łódź
Authors: Ejdys Stanisław
Published: December 2024

Today, as climate change becomes more and more visible, we need new, more sustainable transport solutions. One of them is travel planners, which are crucial in the process of moving around. The general availability of planners' travel and the ease of their use encourages more and more groups of people to use them. They consider the combination of different means of transport and optimise the user's journey in terms of parameters he selects, e.g., time, cost, ecological effect or the number of transfers or minimising the walking distance. This means that by making the right choice, we can travel responsibly. Awareness of this fact allows us to take care of the natural environment, promote sustainable transport, and, consequently, protect our planet for future generations. The article analyses IT tools – mobile and internet applications – supporting travel planning by various means of public transport in Łódź. The selection of travel planners for analysis was based on available studies, reports and internet rankings. Deductive reasoning was used to assess their usefulness for travel planning. The study ends with indications of what information in applications enabling travel planning is considered the most important, valuable and helpful for the user – traveller.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA DIETA DE ZINCO NA EFETIVIDADE DA TÔXINA BOTULÍNICA EM PROCEDIMENTOS DE HARMONIZAÇÃO OROFACIAL: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Santos Joab Gabriel do Nascimento , Dresch Eliana Batista , Silva Filho Helber José Queiroz da , Magalhães Livia Estefany da Cunha , Hora Maria Eduarda Almeida , Silva Cintia Ramos da , Araújo Nicolas Davi Guedes de , Moscardini Denise da Silva , Umbelino Júlia Viana , Silva Antonio Gabriel Moreira Ramos da , Andrade Nikole Cristine Gomes de
Published: December 2024

A influência da dieta de zinco na efetividade da toxina botulínica em procedimentos de harmonização orofacial desempenha um papel essencial em diversos processos enzimáticos e imunológicos, em procedimentos de harmonização orofacial, especialmente na aplicação de toxina botulínica, o zinco pode atuar potencializando o efeito da toxina, que inibe a liberação de acetilcolina nas junções neuromusculares, promovendo relaxamento muscular. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência da dieta de zinco na efetividade da tôxina botulínica em procedimentos de harmonização orofacial. Metodologia: Esta revisão de literatura foi realizada com base em artigos científicos dispostos nas bases de dados MEDLINE via PubMed (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Resultados: Embora os estudos atuais apresentem evidências promissoras, são necessárias mais pesquisas para estabelecer protocolos seguros e eficazes de suplementação, considerando as necessidades individuais e a resposta de cada paciente. Assim, a relação entre a dieta de zinco e a efetividade da toxina botulínica pode se tornar uma ferramenta relevante no aprimoramento dos resultados da harmonização orofacial, destacando a importância de abordagens integradas que considerem a nutrição como parte do planejamento terapêutico em estética facial. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o zinco exerce uma influência potencial na eficácia da toxina botulínica em procedimentos de harmonização orofacial, pois participa de processos bioquímicos que podem modular a durabilidade e a intensidade dos efeitos dessa toxina.
MANEJO ANESTÉSICO EM PACIENTE COM PERSISTÊNCIA DO DUCTO ARTERIOSO (PDA) TRATADO POR CATETERISMO - RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Costa Júlia Marques , Santos Maria Eduarda dos Reis , Monteiro Vitória Tavares , Silva Rogério Vieira da
Published: December 2024

A persistência do ducto arterioso (PDA) é uma doença cardíaca congênita comum em cães, resultante da falha no fechamento do ducto arterioso, o que cria uma conexão anormal entre a artéria pulmonar e a aorta. Sem tratamento, os animais podem desenvolver insuficiência cardíaca congestiva, sendo a correção cirúrgica recomendada. Este relato descreve o manejo anestésico de um procedimento realizado por meio do cateterismo em um maltês. Foi atendido em um Hospital Veterinário de São Paulo, um canino, da raça Maltês de dois anos e nove meses, com diagnóstico prévio de PDA. Durante a avaliação pré-anestésica os parâmetros da paciente estavam dentro da normalidade, porém, devido a cardiopatia, foi classificado como ASA IV. Na medicação pré-anestésica foi utilizado metadona (0,2 mg/kg IM), e a indução anestésica foi realizada com etomidato (2 mg/kg IV), midazolam (0,4 mg/kg IV) e lidocaína (2 mg/kg IV). A manutenção anestésica foi com isoflurano (0,9%-1,3%) com a Fio2 de 100% e suporte ventilatório (18-26 rpm). A dobutamina foi administrada no início do procedimento durante 5 minutos (1,1 mcg/kg/min). Após 20 minutos do início da cirurgia, iniciou-se a infusão contínua de lidocaína (50 mcg/kg/min), seguida pela administração de fentanil (10 mcg/kg/min) após 25 minutos. No pós operatório, para controle analgésico foi administrado dipirona (25 mg/kg IV) e meloxicam (0,1 mg/kg IV) e como terapia antimicrobiana, cefalotina (30 mg/kg IV). O paciente manteve durante o procedimento com os parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios dentro da normalidade, mesmo diante do risco anestésico envolvido. Após dez dias da intervenção, o animal retornou à clínica para reavaliação, mantendo-se estável.
The Effect of Financial Inclusion, Literacy and Fintech on Small Business Profitability with Financial Behavior as an Intervening Variable and Financial Quotient as Moderating Variable in Ponorogo
Authors: Ervina Ervina , Ratnawati Tri , Brahmayanti Ida Ayu Sri
Published: December 2024

This research is focused on small businesses, as the growth of small businesses is a source of economic income in the Ponorogo City sub-district. The sales profit generated by small businesses each month is still relatively small and often decreases. These conditions reflect that the ability to generate profits in small businesses has not shown an increase in sales profit. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial inclusion, financial literacy, and fintech on small business profitability, with financial behavior as an intervening variable and financial quotient as a moderating variable, in the Ponorogo City District. The study sample consisted of 112 small businesses in the Ponorogo City District. The study employed the Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) method with an outer model and inner model test analysis. The results of this study indicate that financial inclusion has a significant effect on profitability, financial inclusion has a significant effect on financial behavior, financial literacy has a significant effect on profitability, financial literacy has no significant effect on financial behavior, fintech has no significant effect on profitability, fintech has a significant effect on financial behavior, financial behavior has a significant effect on profitability, and financial quotient cannot moderate the effect of financial inclusion on profitability. The moderating effect of financial quotient on the relationship between financial inclusion and financial behavior, financial inclusion and profitability, financial literacy and financial behavior, financial literacy and profitability, and fintech and profitability was not significant.
Small Business Development Promoting Mechanisms in Highly Developed Foreign Countries and Their Effect
Authors: Pertia Giga
Published: December 2024

In the conditions of the modern market economy, small business has a very big role in improving the
difficult socio-economic situation of any country. It contributes to the economic stability of the
country by reducing the unemployment rate in the country and stimulating economic growth.
Therefore, the development of small businesses in any country should be a priority, and modern and
effective mechanisms for promoting their development should be introduced.
Statistical information published by different countries of the world revealed that more than half of
enterprises with small business status carry out economic-entrepreneurial processes for a short period
of time, and then stop functioning. Over time, worldwide, the financial stability of small businesses and
the promotion of their development is increasingly a major concern.
The article discusses and analyzes the foreign experience of the introduction and implementation of
mechanisms and measures supporting the development of small businesses. Based on statistical
information published by international organizations, special attention is paid to the tax
reforms/changes implemented and their effect in order to promote the development of small businesses
in highly developed foreign countries. Based on all this, appropriate conclusions and recommendations have been prepared.
An In-Depth Investigation into the Co-Occurrence of Substance Use in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder and its Association with Sociodemographic Factors
Authors: Dubey Utkarsh , Chandra Prakash , Dhanda Akhil
Published: December 2024

Background: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) presents a significant global public health challenge, often accompanied by comorbid substance use, complicating treatment. Understanding the prevalence, patterns, and sociodemographic correlates of dual substance use is crucial for effective intervention.
Method: This cross-sectional study examined substance use co-occurrence among individuals diagnosed with AUD. Recruitment occurred through addiction treatment centers and psychiatry outpatient departments. Structured interviews, DSM-5 assessments, and sociodemographic questionnaires were conducted. Statistical analyses explored associations between substance use and sociodemographic factors.
Result: Tobacco and cannabis showed significant associations with AUD, while opioids, cocaine, and benzodiazepine use exhibited elevated but non-significant associations. Notably, tobacco and benzodiazepine use correlated positively with AUD, indicating potential co-occurrence. Similarly, cannabis and opioids displayed a positive correlation.
Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of addressing comorbid substance use in AUD treatment. Findings suggest robust associations between tobacco, cannabis, and AUD, indicating potential co-use patterns. Sociodemographic factors like age, gender, and marital status also influence substance use behaviors, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions.
A indevida limitação do uso de instrumento particular para contratação de alienação fiduciária de imóvel: uma revisão crítica de regras limitadoras instituídas no âmbito do poder regulamentar do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Ferreira Alan Yuri Gomes
Published: December 2024

O artigo pretende demonstrar a ocorrência de violação à Lei Federal 9.514/1997 por normas regulamentares expedida pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Minas Gerais, no que diz respeito à formalização de contrato de alienação fiduciária de imóvel. Sustenta-se que a Lei de regência prevê a possibilidade de contratação de alienação fiduciária de imóvel através de instrumento particular, enquanto as normas regulamentares do Tribunal de Justiça de Minas Gerais limitam o uso do instrumento particular somente às entidades integrantes do Sistema Financeiro Imobiliário e cooperativas de crédito. Há uma limitação do uso do instrumento particular para fins de contratação da alienação fiduciária contra legem. Também se fará uma revisão crítica do julgamento realizado pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça a respeito da norma regulamentar administrativa expedida pelo Tirbunal de Justiça do Estado de Minas Gerais que impôs a indevida limitação, concluindo-se que a norma regulamentar não se sustenta ante à norma legal de regência.
Participação das associações comunitárias na execução do pnae de casa Nova/BA
Authors: Araújo Eduardo Rodrigues , Moraes Silvanda Rodrigues de , Vieira Denes Dantas
Published: December 2024

No Brasil, devido ao contexto histórico de formação, existiu uma dificuldade de reconhecer a presença histórica do campesinato e sua colaboração com a formação do espaço rural. O cenário de mudanças no espectro político vividos no início dos anos 2000, trouxeram a construção e/ou ampliação de políticas públicas importantes no âmbito da agricultura familiar, com o mote da “erradicação da pobreza” o Projeto Fome Zero, o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos – PAA, o fortalecimento do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar – PNAE, o Programa Um Milhão de Cisternas, entre outras ações. No contexto do norte da Bahia, as Comunidades Tradicionais de Fundo de Pasto, típicos camponeses do semiárido baiano, emergem quanto força política representativa do espaço rural da região. Diante do exposto, o presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a dinâmica de participação das Comunidades Tradicionais de Fundo de Pasto do município de Casa Nova/BA, na execução do PNAE no município. Notadamente ao analisar os dados analisados do PNAE de Casa Nova/Ba, no período de 2017 a 2022, percebe-se que há uma diminuição dos recursos destinados ao programa, bem como houve, no geral, uma tendência de diminuição do número de associações que acessaram os recursos do PNAE. Outra tendência observada é uma majoritária participação dos homens na execução da política, mostrando que os homens ainda protagonizam as tomadas de decisões nas propriedades rurais.  A participação das associações comunitárias do meio rural de Casa Nova é fundamental no contexto de governança e de manutenção das políticas públicas voltadas para o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar
O uso da extrafiscalidade tributária como estímulo para adoção de fontes renováveis de energia na agricultura e na agroindústria
Authors: Murbach Juliano Huck , Souza Samuel Nelson Melegari de , Bassegio Doglas
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a viabilidade do uso da extrafiscalidade tributária como meio de se incentivar o uso de fontes renováveis na agricultura e na agroindústria. Diante da degradação ambiental mundial, em especial pelo uso contínuo de formas de geração de energia poluentes, urge a adoção de fontes renováveis de energia que não contribuam para o aquecimento global. Considerando que até o momento a conscientização ambiental por si só não tem se mostrado eficiente o suficiente para alterar o panorama mundial de aquecimento global, o Estado como indutor dos comportamentos humanos deve estimular a adoção de fontes renováveis de energia, a fim de, em um primeiro momento, mitigar os efeitos do aquecimento global e, em um segundo momento, reverter tal problema. Dentre de referido contexto, o Estado poderá utilizar da extrafiscalidade tributária a fim de atingir o objetivo de auxiliar na redução do aquecimento global. Não obstante alguns entendimentos contrários, a tributação onerosa das fontes poluentes e não renováveis mostra-se adequada para estimular o uso de fontes renováveis na agricultura. Com o aumento do custo econômico da atividade poluidora, não haverá alternativa senão a utilização de fontes renováveis de energia.
A solidão vivenciada por familiares cuidadoras de pessoas com doença de Alzheimer durante o processo de cuidar
Authors: Santos Najara Farias Rosa , Andrade Luana Machado , Santos Washington da Silva , Peixoto Luma Costa Pereira , Sena Edite Lago da Silva , Reis Luciana Araújo dos , Silva Márlon Novais da , Souza Celma Caroline Leal de
Published: December 2024

O estudo tem por objetivo compreender a vivência do familiar cuidador da pessoa com doença de Alzheimer ao sentir-se sozinho no processo de cuidar. Estudo descritivo e exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em uma Universidade pública baiana, entre março e agosto de 2023, com familiares cuidadores participantes de um projeto de extensão por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Após transcrição realizou-se a análise de dados com o suporte de um software obtendo estatísticas sobre corpus textuais e a Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. A Unidade de Contexto Inicial (UCI), ou Corpus total analisado foi composta por 18 entrevistas. Emergiram 1286 segmentos de textos (ST) com aproveitamento de 84,29%, 44838 ocorrências, 2252 palavras distintas, 902 palavras com uma única ocorrência. O conteúdo analisado foi categorizado em quatro classes distintas distribuídas em dois Subcorpus. O estudo abriu possibilidade à inferência de que a solidão vivenciada pelas cuidadoras pode estar vinculada à reprodução da estrutura patriarcal, que estabelece papéis sociais e de gênero, elegendo a mulher como única responsável pelo cuidado no contexto familiar, o que colabora para a invisibilidade do estado referente à implementação de políticas de saúde voltadas às necessidades das cuidadoras.
Utilização da goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.) no autocuidado em saúde
Authors: Oliveira Cristiane dos Santos , Heck Rita Maria , Lima Ângela Roberta Alves , Pereira Gabriel Moura , Rodales Karen Chaves , Sousa Josué Barbosa , Marten Greici do Nascimento , Cavenaghi Bianca Oliveira
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: comparar o saber popular acerca da utilização da Psidium guajava L. com a literatura científica. Método: Trata-se de um recorte do macro projeto “Autoatenção e uso de Plantas Medicinais do Bioma Pampa: perspectivas para o cuidado de Enfermagem rural”, desenvolvido pelo grupo de pesquisa da UFPel em parceria com a Embrapa Clima Temperado, financiado pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa. Resultados: Dos 25 municípios que participaram do estudo, 16 citaram a Psidium guajava L. (goiaba) como uma planta medicinal de cuidado no contexto familiar, para doenças do trato digestório, sendo a infusão a forma de preparo a mais utilizada pelos informantes. Conclusão: Ao fim deste estudo considera-se alcançado o pleito de comparar o saber popular acerca da utilização da Psidium guajava L. com a literatura científica, pela comprovação de sua ação terapêutica como antidiarreica, espasmolítica, anti-inflamatória, anticárie, antimicrobiano e hepatoprotetora, tendo potencial para evitar cólicas, diarreia e inflamação gastrointestinais.
Predicting Shallow Rainfall-Induced Landslides in eThekwini Metropol, South Africa: Utilising the TRIGRS Model
Authors: Goodman Chiliza Sibonakaliso , Demlie Molla , Hingston Egerton
Published: December 2024

Rainfall-induced landslides pose a significant threat to life and property in the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality (eThekwini Metropol) of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The devastating 2022 event, resulting in hundreds of fatalities and billions of Rand in damages, underscores the critical need for improved prediction capabilities. This study investigates the application of TRIGRS, a spatially distributed shallow landslide prediction model, for eThekwini Metropol. By integrating a transient infiltration model with slope stability analysis, TRIGRS offers a physically based approach to simulating soil hydrology and slope response under various rainfall scenarios. This work aims to predict the timing and location of shallow landslides within the study area, ultimately contributing to landslide susceptibility assessment and early warning system development.
Features of the ecological-geological system of the tuff massif of the Pauzhetsky geothermal region (Kamchatka)
Authors: Shanina Violetta
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to fully characterize the ecological-geological system (EGS) of the tuff massif of the Pauzhetsky geothermal region (Kamchatka), compiled on the basis of the author’s own field research (six field seasons) and published literature data. Features of the lithotope: an outcrop of andesite-dacitic tuffs of the Upper Pauzhetian subformation (N2-Q1) was studied. According to their properties, the rocks are divided into groups: 1) silty tuffs: density 1.40-1.57 g/cm3, density of the solid component 2.70-2.72 g/cm3, porosity 42.2-48.2% , open porosity 31.2-40.3%, hygroscopic humidity 0.7-3.6%, water absorption 20.5-27.1%, longitudinal wave speed 2.00-2.40 km/s, magnetic susceptibility 2.9-11.4*10-3 SI, uniaxial compressive strength 8-11 MPa; 2) fine psephitic tuffs are dense (ρ = 1.59-1.80 g/cm3), density of the solid component is 2.72-2.78 g/cm3, porous (33.8-42.7%); 3) pumice tuffs are characterized by the lowest density (ρ=0.98-1.35 g/cm3) and the highest porosity (n=49.8-63.5%). Features of the edaphotope: on the tuffs under consideration, volcanic layered ocher soils are developed; they have a low density (0.6-0.8 g/cm3), crumbly, with high water permeability and a predominance in the composition of humic acids of free and associated with mobile sesquioxides of humic acids and fulvic acids. Features of the phytocenosis: forest and dwarf altitudinal zones occur. Features of the zoocoenosis: invertebrates include extensive complexes of arachnids, the diversity of the animal world is represented by species of mammals characteristic of Kamchatka. The ecological and geological system formed on the tuff massif of the Pauzhetsky geothermal region is a complex formation. The most important features of the EGS are mainly determined by its lithogenic base - rocks soils (andesite-dacite tuffs), which have specific properties. The composition and properties of the lithotope largely determine the properties of the edaphotope and the species composition of phytocenoses and have less influence on the zoocenosis.
Assessment of Rock-mass Groutability in High-stress Metamorphics; Seepage Control and Resilience Intervention – the Upper Tamakoshi Headrace Tunnel Case Study, Nepal
Authors: Christakis Eirinaios , Sapkota Sanjib
Published: December 2024

Underestimation of geomechanical properties and a possible misinterpretation of the anticipated rock-mass behaviour during dynamic hydraulic operation of a pressurised underground structure, can either influence the performance of a hydropower scheme or even undermine the resilience and stability of the structure. This becomes apparent, especially where tunnels are constructed in complex geological environments; influenced by active tectonics, subjected to high external stresses, or intersected by adverse geological features and lineaments. A broadly known historical record of hydropower tunnel failures underline the necessity for proactive measures, in order to mitigate geological risk, control tunnels’ performance, and optimise their resilience.
High pressure barrier grouting constitutes a key intervention method for sections of low-quality rock-mass, in order to control internal seepage, mitigate out-leakage, address blast induced damages to the surrounding profile, and achieve synergy with the concrete lining segments.
Aiming to develop efficient and optimised grouting schemes, the authors discuss the role of barrier grouting as an intervention technique, and analyse the groutability of metamorphic formations (Orthogneiss) under high-stress environment, in the Higher Himalayas. The technique is applicable in unlined sections (i.e. shotcrete sprayed) as well as in transitions between concrete lined and unlined stretches. The analysis focuses on correlating the intrinsic rock-mass properties with the rock-mass response, based on real-time field testing and injection output (i.e. permeability testing and grouting data). The objectives of the analysis is to develop a supplementary tool for the pre-estimation of grouting requirements and the subsequent optimisation of grouting programme, tailored to the needs of the project.
Investigation of the absorbing properties of modified sandy soil to create a geochemical barrier for storage landfills municipal solid waste
Authors: Kovalevskaya Alexandra , Malikova Tatyana , Irina Irina
Published: December 2024

The most dangerous chemical element is Pb, which enters the soil from landfills for storing municipal solid waste. The aim of the work is to study the absorption capacity of sandy soils with the addition of clay matter and starch in relation to Pb.
To study the absorption capacity, a model soil was created based on 100 g of fine quartz sand, 10 g of montmorillonite clay and 10 g of starch. The study was conducted by dynamic filtering. A solution of Pb(NO3)2 with a concentration of Pb 1.25 g/l was passed through the model soil.
Over time, the pH of the filtrate decreases from 7-8 to 5-6 units, which corresponds to the pH of the initial solution Pb(NO3)2, which indicates the completion of the Pb absorption process by the soil. There was no correlation between the Eh values of the filtrate and its selected amount.
The pHZPC value of the model soil was determined before and after absorption of Pb ions. The values of 8.5 before absorption and 6.25 units after absorption correspond to the general behavior of the soil during Pb absorption.
The measurement of soil CEC showed that the absorption of lead by the model soil does not depend on its CEC value (0.07 mg-eq/100 g for the entire model soil and model soil excluding starch), therefore, lead sorption does not occur in the exchange complex of the soil, but in more durable centers.
According to the results of measuring the concentration of Pb absorbed by the model soil, an absorption capacity value of 1.96 mg/g was obtained. The maximum amount of lead absorbed by clay and starch is 11.76 mg/g, which is much less than the values obtained by studying the absorption capacity of similar soils under static sorption conditions (on average 48.24 mg/g).
Surface deformation of the landslide of Hattaro Pass caused by the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake
Authors: Kikuchi Teruyuki , Chida Keiji , Tajika Jun , Kanayama Kentaro , Otsu Kosuke , Hatano Teruyoshi , Ando Shin , Hasegawa Nobusuke , Inagaki Hideki , Osada Masahiko
Published: December 2024

The 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake occurred on January 1st in 2024 with a maximum intensity of 7, in the northwestern part of Japan. The earthquake caused a magnitude 7.6 at the depth of about 15 km in the Noto region of Ishikawa Prefecture. The epicentre was in the city of Suzu, 42 km northeast of the town of Anamizu. The JMA magnitude (Mj) of the earthquake was 7.6, which is a rare magnitude for an inland earthquake in Japan. The maximum intensity observed was intensity 7 in Wajima City and Hakui County, Ishikawa Prefecture. The seismic mechanism of this earthquake was a reverse fault type with a pressure axis in the northwest-southeast direction, and the earthquake occurred within the earth's crust.
The earthquake caused extensive damage, mainly in the northern part of the Noto Peninsula, as houses collapsed one after another, the death toll exceeded 200 people and transport networks were disrupted. The number of fatalities was 241, and 1,297 people were seriously or slightly injured. The number of damaged houses was approximately 100,000, including 9,368 houses completely destroyed.
This report provides a preliminary report on the damage caused by the Noto Earthquake and the occurrence of slope failures and dammed lakes and liquefaction that are typical of inland earthquakes.
Seismic zone Kresna in south-western Bulgaria and the infrastructure projects in the area
Authors: ANGUELOV KIRIL , Denev Dobrin , ANGUELOV KIRIL
Published: December 2024

On April 4, 1904, an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.9 on the Richter scale occurred on the territory of the Kresna Gorge (South-western Bulgaria). The earthquake is a consequence of activity along a fault (Krupnishki Fault), which crosses almost perpendicularly the meridional Struma fault zone along which the Struma River flows. As a result of the earthquake, several deep cracks were formed, where the waters of the Struma River were completely drained in a few hours.
At the moment for the Bulgarian designer and builders stands the important and significant goal for the construction of the last highway section of the Struma Highway.
The highway is built almost entirely in between Sofia and the border with Greece (Kulata – Promachonas” customs). Considering the complex seismic situation the question for the best and safest construction remains the part of the highway near the Kresna Gorge.
There are several options for the construction of this section - with a long tunnel, with short tunnels and bridges or with the construction of one-way high-speed road sections in both directions. In the following report we will make a comparative assessment of the proposed options.
Characteristics and Interlayer Slip Structure Control of Coal and Gas Outburst in Baijiao Coal Mine
Authors: Qing SUN Wen , Zhao Qi , Qin Peng She , Hai Zhang Tian , Fu Liu Chun
Published: December 2024

The paper expounds the characteristics of coal and gas outburst in Baijiao Coal Mine, discusses the formation, classification and influences on coal and gas outburst of interlayer-slip structures with examples. It points out that coal and gas outburst in Baijiao Coal Mine can be divided into four categories (sudden dumping of coal, sudden pressing of coal, coal and gas outburst and gas ejection) . Coal and gas outburst has the characteristics of low initial outburst depth, vertical independent layer and plane concentrated distribution. Based on the characteristics of stress and macroscopic deformation and destruction, interlayer slip structures can be classified into two categories (plastic deformation interlayer slip structures, fracture deformation interlayer slip structures) and four subcategories (plastic deformation interlayer slip structures, fracture deformation interlayer slip structures, sliding-damaged interlayer slip structures, derived interlayer slip structures). The interlayer slip structure makes coal thick and coal seam spacing change dramatically, forms tectonic coal, and generates a large number of hidden faults. It makes the coal and gas outburst parameters change mutationally, and makes the coal and gas outburst concentrated and continuous. The interlayer slip structure area is also a concentrated area of coal and gas outburst.
Review of the concept of Smart Levees
Authors: Kovacevic Meho , Rossi Nicola , Bacic Mario , Grget Goran
Published: December 2024

Monitoring of structures during construction and their exploitation is a common practice, often required by investors and/or national standards, to ensure that the structures performance is satisfactory with regards to the defined limit states. For this purpose, various quantities are measured, all related and most indicative of problems arising from approaching a specific limit state. In geotechnical practice, these usually include pore-water pressures, deformations, stresses, and temperatures. All the mentioned measurements can be either conducted and collected manually at discrete time intervals, or automatically such that data is collected remotely almost continuously. When equipment to measure and collect these quantities automatically is installed into a levee, the result is what is called a Smart Levee. Its purpose should be to provide data in real time to existing prediction models which can then predict any critical behaviour of the levee before failure occurs. Since most of commonly used the equipment for gathering the mentioned quantities is designed to collect data in a single point along the levee, the monitored sections should be spaced such that each is representative of a longer reach. Alternatively, equipment that allows for gathering data along a line should be used, to be placed along the whole stretch of levees which need to be monitored. Examples of such equipment mostly include fibre optic cables for strain and temperature measurements, and stationary or UAV-mounted terrain surveying equipment. This paper gives a review of the practices in constructing Smart Levees throughout the world, discussing the most commonly used equipment and monitored quantities, with the expected results and their application.
A case study on reactive managed retreat from landslide risk – lessons learned in Auckland, New Zealand
Authors: Christopher Roberts Ross , Lee Kuanjin , McLelland Rebekah , Chakravorty Nikki
Published: December 2024

New Zealand is a geologically diverse group of islands on a plate boundary, resulting in beautiful views and high exposure to natural hazards including landslides. There have been over 1,500 recorded landslide-related fatalities in New Zealand (more than from earthquakes and tsunami combined) since 1760, and an economic impact of at least NZ $250–$300 M/year.
In January and February 2023, a series of severe storms triggered over 150,000 landslides, killed fifteen people (six in Auckland), and cost New Zealand over NZ$15 billion. Historically central and local government in New Zealand held a limited role in supporting homeowners after an event of this magnitude; typical involvement would be to manage imminent risk to life, while leaving private insurance to deal with remaining issues. However, in 2023 the New Zealand government recognised that the scale of the event required additional support, and saw an opportunity to reduce future risk by enabling a form of managed retreat. They developed a categorisation scheme for residential properties, which was implemented by local councils to classify properties by their risk level and remove people from intolerable risk.
This paper describes the scheme and its development, how it was implemented in Auckland, and some of the lessons learned that may be applicable to future scenarios of this scale.
The Role of Nuclear Energy in Achieving Sustainable Energy Solutions
Authors: Rajagukguk Michael , Cornelius Siagian Ruben , Gunawan Budi
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The aim is to assess the role of nuclear energy as a stable and environmentally friendly energy source, as well as its advantages over fossil fuels and renewable energy. The research identifies the benefits, challenges, and technological advances in nuclear energy, as well as the potential for its expanded use in global efforts to reduce carbon emissions and transition to more environmentally friendly energy sources.
Study Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used qualitative methodology. Data was collected from secondary sources; scientific papers, government reports, and industry assessments.
Findings:  Nuclear energy is a stable, low-carbon energy source that is independent of weather conditions, supporting grid stability, especially during times of peak demand or low renewable energy availability. But there are significant challenges. Modern reactor designs and new cooling systems can overcome these challenges and improve nuclear energy efficiency. International co-operation and oversight by the IAEA are essential to ensure global nuclear security.
Originality/Value:  Comprehensively analyses the role of nuclear energy in meeting global energy needs, combating climate change, and driving technological innovation. Evaluates the benefits and challenges of nuclear energy, with an emphasis on safety, waste management, and technological advancement. Policy recommendations, investment guidelines, and strategies to extend the lifetime of nuclear power plants.
Konstrukcja, technika i komunikacja w kształtowaniudetali architektonicznych brutalizmu
Authors: Niebrzydowski Wojciech
Published: December 2024

Brutalizm był nurtem architektonicznym rozwijającymsię w latach 1950–1980, przede wszystkim w oparciuo doktrynę Nowego Brutalizmu stworzoną przez Alison i PeteraSmithsonów oraz stylistykę powojennych budynków Le Corbusiera.Za najważniejsze jego cechy uznaje się ciężkość i masywnośćform, wyraziste kontrasty przestrzenne, mocną artykulacjąbrył oraz szorstkie faktury. Tymczasem równie ważne są specyficznedla brutalizmu detale, które w wielu budynkach decydowałyo ich wyrazie estetycznym, a ponadto były uzewnętrznieniemidei i założeń twórczych. Podstawowym celem pracy byłowskazanie i charakterystyka detali wynikających z teoretycznychzasad brutalizmu. Analizom poddano szereg reprezentatywnychbudynków brutalistycznych, a jako parametry badawcze przyjętotrzy wiodące reguły: eksponowanie konstrukcji, artykułowanierozwiązań technicznych, podkreślanie znaczenia ruchu. Wynikiembadań jest systematyka detali i elementów architektonicznychbrutalizmu odzwierciedlająca wpływ poszczególnych zasad.
Świadome zarządzanie trwałością betonówo obniżonym śladzie węglowym w świetle transformacjibranży budowlanej
Authors: Nowicka-Semen Justyna , Drabczyk Michał
Published: December 2024

W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę zdefiniowaniadobrej praktyki projektowania betonów o obniżonym śladzie węglowym,która ma na celu utrzymanie dotychczas wyznaczonych standardówtrwałości konstrukcji żelbetowych. Materiałem wejściowymdo przeprowadzonej analizy był zbiór wyników z własnych badańodporności betonu na karbonatyzację. Jako wnioski przedstawionozalecenia dotyczące podejścia do całościowego procesu produkcjibetonów o obniżonym śladzie węglowym, od jego projektupo wbudowanie, aby zachować odpowiedni poziom jego trwałości.
IMPACTO NA VIDA DE JOVENS E ADOLESCENTES COM HIV NO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Alice Nascimento , Souza Bruna Débora Soares , Silva Manuele Batista
Published: December 2024

O HIV/AIDS é uma preocupação global que afeta pessoas de todas as idades, incluindo jovens e adolescentes. No Brasil, o impacto do HIV na vida dos jovens e adolescentes é significativo, afetando não apenas a saúde física, mas também o bem- estar emocional, social e econômico desses indivíduos. Este trabalho discutirá o impacto do HIV na vida dos jovens e adolescentes no Brasil, considerando os aspectos físicos, emocionais, socioeconômicos. Serão considerados estudos publicados entre os anos de 2014 e 2024, a fim de obter informações relevantes e atuais sobre o tema. Este estudo é uma revisão sistemática da literatura com abordagem descritiva. Ele tem como foco a análise da bibliografia relacionada ao impacto na vida de jovens e adolescentes com HIV no Brasil. O estudo utilizará bases de dados online renomadas, tais como PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Lilacs, e Google Acadêmico. A seleção de artigos será feita com base na temática do impacto na vida de jovens e adolescentes com HIV no Brasil, visando proporcionar uma ampla visão sobre a questão. Espera-se que a pesquisa forneça uma análise ampla do impacto do HIV na vida de jovens e adolescentes no Brasil, destacando os efeitos do diagnóstico na saúde física e mental, desafios enfrentados, barreiras de acesso ao tratamento, e contribua para o desenvolvimento de políticas mais eficazes para esse grupo.
PROGRAMA PÉ-DE-MEIA: UM INCENTIVO FINANCEIRO- EDUCACIONAL PARA A PERMANÊNCIA E CONCLUSÃO NO ENSINO MÉDIO PÚBLICO
Authors: Madaloz Rogéria Fatima , Silva Joice Nara Rosa , Lauxen Sirlei de Lourdes , Neubauer Vanessa Steigleder , Tanski Daiane Caroline , Menezes Luana Possamai , da Silva Diego Batista , Alves Rodrigo Antonio Rodrigues
Published: December 2024

O Programa Pé-de-Meia, pelo Decreto nº 11.901, aborda desafios do ensino médio público com incentivos financeiros a estudantes de baixa renda. A pesquisa, descritiva e analítica, revisa legislação e literatura sobre evasão e desigualdades, incluindo dados estatísticos. Destaca-se a eficácia do Pé-de-Meia em diversas fases do ensino médio, atuando na entrada, permanência e conclusão dos estudos. Responde à necessidade de trabalho, correlacionando contexto familiar e frequência escolar para promover igualdade. Identifica a falta de incentivos financeiros como determinante para o abandono e aborda barreiras de acesso, adotando abordagem integrada. Reconhecendo a desconexão com a realidade dos estudantes, o programa oferece incentivos personalizados. Conclui-se que o Pé-de-Meia é uma medida proativa, fortalecendo o sistema educacional e avançando rumo à equidade educacional no Brasil.
خواب روکا تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Authors: Amer Hassan
Published: December 2024

The topic of "khwaab Rau" is migration and nostalgia. The main character is a mad person named Mirza Kamal-ud-din. He shifted to Karachi from Lucknow at the time of partition. But as he reached there, he wanted to return. People very quickly built the streets and houses as they had in Lucknow. In this way, he started to think that he was in Lucknow. He got lost in the world of his imagination. He did not come out of this world for several years. Talking to flowers, expressing love to his wife several times in a day, and loving his granddaughter became his routine. He came out of his imaginary world when his house was bombarded. He was in the villa of his brother-in-law Hakeem at that time. His wife, eldest son, elder daughter-in-law, and granddaughter Surraya were killed in this blast. Now he willfully started to say that he wanted to go to Lucknow. He went there for a few days. His wife, elder son, elder daughter-in-law, and Surraya were waiting there. The novel is not up to the mark due to its novelistic technique. there are many loopholes in it.
مزاحیہ شاعری میں بین اللسانی تجربات: سید ضمیر جعفری اور دلاور فگار کے خصوصی حوالے سے
Authors: Dr Perveen Akhtar Kallu  , Iqra Shehzadi  , Noreen Arif
Published: December 2024

The changing trends and psychological and social problems have completely changed human life after the creation of Pakistan, comic poetry took a new direction. The year 1947 proved to be a harbinger of freedom and humor. Happiness and humor are a requirement of human instinct and a human and temporal need. The literature created after the establishment of Pakistan is equipped with new themes, modern styles, and new inter-linguistic strategies. The comic poets created a new stand by creating humor from words of other languages, word changes, and manipulation. For three decades after the establishment of Pakistan, Syed Muhammad Jafari, Majeed Lahori, Nazir Ahmed Sheikh, Syed Zameer Jafari, and Dilawar Fugar continued to shine the sky with elegance and enrich satire and comic poetry with new interlingual experiments. In this article, I will analyze the interlingual experiments in comic poetry with special reference to Syed Zameer Jafari and Dilawar Fugar.
The Influence of Implementation of Asset Management and Application of Accrual-Based Government Accounting Standards on Decision Making Ac- curacy (Survey on the Ministry of Defense)
Authors: Setiyawati Hari , IsabName Salmi Mohd
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of the implementation of asset management, and the application of the accrual-based Government Accounting System on the accuracy of decision making. The results of this study are expected to increase the accuracy in decision mak- ing. If asset management is implemented properly and Accrual-Based Government Accounting Standards are implemented properly, the decisions taken by the leadership can be more appropriate. The population of this research are the Heads of Accounting in the Min- istry of Defense/TNI environment. The method that will be carried out begins with a survey of 5 organizational units and 514 work units within the scope of the Ministry of Defense. The population in this study were all Heads of Accounting for Regional Working Units within the Ministry of Defense and the TNI. The sampling method used was the Probability Sampling technique and a sample of 156 Heads of Accounting Units were obtained. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model and Smart PLS software used as an analytical tool in this study. The steps are: designing the Inner Model, designing the Outer Model, evaluating the Outer Model, evaluating the Inner Model and testing the hypothesis. The research data used came from questionnaires collected from the Head of Accounting for Regional Working Units within the Ministry of Defense and the TNI. The benefit of this research is to make a scientific contribution to public sector accounting and solve problems for the Ministry of Defense in increasing the accuracy of decision making. The results of this study state that the implementation of the asset management has effect on Accuracy of Decision Making in a positive direction. The Accrual-based Government Accounting Standards has a significant effect on Accuracy of Decision Making in a positive direction.