bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, crystal structure, DFT/HF, Hirshfeld surface, and molecular docking analysis of 4-(tert-butyl)-4-nitro-1,1-biphenyl
Authors: Kumari Neha , Sharma Ruchika , Yadav Archana Akaram , Sankpal Sandeep Ashok , Raj Jayakumar Mohan , Murugavel Saminathan , Kant Rajni
Published: March 2023

4-(tert-Butyl)-4-nitro-1,1-biphenyl has been synthesized, and its structure has been characterized by using some spectroscopic and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. It crystallizes in a monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/n and unit cell parameters: a = 6.4478(3) Å, b = 9.2477(4) Å, c = 23.4572(9) Å, β = 95.114(4)°, V = 1393.11(10) Å3, Z = 4. The molecular structure has been solved by using the intrinsic phasing method. The crystal structure is stabilized by C-H···O interactions. Computational studies were performed using density functional theory (DFT) and Hartree-Fock (HF) methods. The optimized geometry obtained from DFT and HF in the gas phase was compared with solid-phase experimental data retrieved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction results. Frontier molecular orbitals, such as the HOMO/LUMO energy gap, the molecular electrostatic potential, and Mulliken atomic charges, have been investigated. The HOMO LUMO energy gap of 3.97 eV indicates that the molecule is soft and highly reactive. The Hirshfeld surface analysis and their associated fingerprint plots have been used to quantitatively validate the interactions. Further insilico molecular docking studies have been performed with the molecular target Type-II topoisomerase (PDB ID: 1JIJ) and their results suggest that 4-(tert-butyl)-4-nitro-1,1-biphenyl could be considered an anticancer drug.
A hydroxypropiophenone-based fluorescent probe for the selective determination of Al(III) ions in aqueous ethanol
Authors: Singh Chandni , Singh Divya Pratap , Singh Sunil Kumar , Dwivedi Romi , Singh Ashish Kumar , Singh Vinod Prasad
Published: March 2023

In this work, we have synthesized a novel dihydrazone-based fluorescent probe N'1,N'2-bis{1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propylidene}oxalohydrazide (H2hpoh)for Al3+ ions by a simple condensation reaction. The prepared organic probe has been characterized by different physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. The single-crystal structure of the receptor has also been reported. Crystal data for C20H22N4O4: monoclinic, space group P21/c (no. 14), a = 6.0747(15) Å, b = 11.621(5) Å, c = 13.453(4) Å, β = 94.61(3)°, V = 946.6(5) Å3, Z = 2, T = 293(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.096 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.342 g/cm3, 4046 reflections measured (6.076° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 58.05°), 2149 unique (Rint = 0.0876, Rsigma = 0.2223) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0972 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.2316 (all data). The ethanolic aqueous solution of the probe shows enhanced fluorescence in the presence of Al3+ ions, whereas no appreciable change in the spectral pattern is observed in the presence of other cations, i.e., Na+, K+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cr3+, Cd2+ and Hg2+. The binding mode of the receptor with Al3+ ions was studied using various spectral titration techniques such as UV-visible, fluorescence, and 1H NMR. The receptor acts as a dibasic hexadentate ligand and interacts with two Al3+ ions with a high binding constant KB = 8.99×1010 1/M. The lowest detection limit for the Al3+ complex of H2hpoh was determined to be 7.8×10−5 M. With the help of DFT calculations, the mechanism of fluorescence enhancement has been explained.
Graphical Contents
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: March 2023

Graphical Contents
The Holton–Tan mechanism under stratospheric aerosol intervention
Authors: Karami Khalil , Garcia Rolando , Jacobi Christoph , Richter Jadwiga H. , Tilmes Simone
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The teleconnection between the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex, or the Holton–Tan (HT) relationship, may change in a warmer climate or one with stratospheric aerosol intervention (SAI) compared to the present-day climate (PDC). Our results from an Earth system model indicate that, under both global warming (based on RCP8.5 emission scenario) and SAI scenarios, the HT relationship weakens in early winter (November–December), although it is closer to PDC under SAI than under the RCP8.5 scenario. In contrast, the HT relationship in the middle to late winter period (January–February) does not change considerably
in response to either RCP8.5 or SAI scenarios compared to PDC. While the weakening of the HT relationship under the RCP8.5 scenario is likely due to the weaker QBO wind amplitudes at the Equator, another physical mechanism must be responsible for the weaker HT relationship under SAI scenarios, since the amplitude of the QBO wind is comparable to the PDC. The strength of the polar vortex does not change under the RCP8.5 scenario compared to PDC, but it becomes stronger under SAI; we attribute the weakening of the HT relationship under SAI to a stronger polar vortex. In general, the changes in the HT relationship cannot be explained by changes to the critical line; the changes in the residual circulation (particularly due to the gravity wave contributions) are important in explaining the changes in the HT relationship under RCP8.5 and SAI scenarios.
Vehicular ammonia emissions: an underappreciated emission source in densely populated areas
Authors: Wen Yifan , Zhang Shaojun , Wu Ye , Hao Jiming
Published: March 2023

Abstract. On-road ammonia (NH3) emissions play a significant
role in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) formation in urban areas,
posing severe risks for human health. Limited studies have depicted the
spatial and temporal variations of on-road NH3 emissions, in particular
lacking detailed quantification of their contributions within
densely populated areas. In this study, we established a comprehensive
vehicular NH3 emission model and compiled a gridded on-road NH3
emission inventory with high spatial (3 km × 3 km) and temporal
(monthly) resolution for mainland China. China's annual vehicular NH3
emissions are estimated to increase from 32.8 ± 1.7 to 87.1 ± 37.5 kt during the period of 2000–2019. Vehicular NH3 emissions are
significantly concentrated in densely populated areas, where agricultural
emissions have relatively lower intensity. It is found that vehicular
NH3 emissions could exceed agricultural emissions in the grids
containing 23.0 ± 2.1 % of the Chinese population in 2019
(approximately 326.6 ± 25.4 million people), and this ratio is up to
29.4 ± 3.0 % in winter. For extremely populous megacities such as
Beijing and Shanghai, vehicular NH3 emissions exceed agricultural
emissions, where 69.2 ± 1.2 % and 72.0 ± 1.3 % of the population
resides, respectively. Thus, the significant role of on-road NH3
emissions in populated areas may have been underappreciated. This study gave
a better insight into the absolute value and relative importance of on-road
NH3 emissions for different regions, seasons and population densities in
China; this is important in terms of the implications for air quality.
Simulation and sensitivity analysis for cloud and precipitation measurements via spaceborne millimeter-wave radar
Authors: Kou Leilei , Lin Zhengjian , Gao Haiyang , Liao Shujun , Ding Piman
Published: March 2023

Abstract. This study presents a simulation framework for cloud and
precipitation measurements via spaceborne millimeter-wave radar composed of
eight submodules. To demonstrate the influence of the assumed physical
parameters and to improve the microphysical modeling of the hydrometeors, we
first conducted a sensitivity analysis. The results indicated that the radar reflectivity was highly sensitive to the particle size distribution (PSD) parameter of the median volume diameter and particle density parameter, which can cause reflectivity variations of several to more than 10 dB. The variation in the prefactor of the mass–power relations that related to the riming degree may result in an uncertainty of approximately 30 %–45 %. The
particle shape and orientation also had a significant impact on the radar
reflectivity. The spherical assumption may result in an average
overestimation of the reflectivity by approximately 4 %–14 %, dependent on
the particle type, shape, and orientation. Typical weather cases were
simulated using improved physical modeling, accounting for the particle
shapes, typical PSD parameters corresponding to the cloud precipitation
types, mass–power relations for snow and graupel, and melting modeling. We
present and validate the simulation results for a cold-front stratiform
cloud and a deep convective process with observations from a W-band cloud
profiling radar (CPR) on the CloudSat satellite. The simulated bright band
features, echo structure, and intensity showed a good agreement with the
CloudSat observations; the average relative error of radar reflectivity in
the vertical profile was within 20 %. Our results quantify the
uncertainty in the millimeter-wave radar echo simulation that may be caused
by the physical model parameters and provide a scientific basis for optimal
forward modeling. They also provide suggestions for prior physical parameter constraints for the retrieval of the microphysical properties of clouds and precipitation.
EURADCLIM: the European climatological high-resolution gauge-adjusted radar precipitation dataset
Authors: Overeem Aart , van den Besselaar Else , van der Schrier Gerard , Meirink Jan Fokke , van der Plas Emiel , Leijnse Hidde
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The European climatological high-resolution gauge-adjusted radar precipitation dataset, EURADCLIM, addresses the need for an accurate (sub)daily precipitation product covering 78 % of Europe at a high spatial resolution. A climatological dataset of 1 and 24 h precipitation accumulations on a 2 km grid is derived for the period 2013 through 2020. The starting point is the European Meteorological Network (EUMETNET) Operational Program on the Exchange of Weather Radar Information (OPERA) gridded radar dataset of 15 min instantaneous surface rain rates, which is based on data from, on average, 138 ground-based weather radars. First, methods are applied to further remove non-meteorological echoes from these composites by applying two statistical methods and a satellite-based cloud-type mask. Second, the radar composites are merged with the European Climate Assessment & Dataset (ECA&D) with potentially ∼ 7700 rain gauges from National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) in order to substantially improve its quality. Characteristics of the radar, rain gauge and satellite datasets are presented, as well as a detailed account of the applied algorithms. The clutter-removal algorithms are effective while removing few precipitation echoes. The usefulness of EURADCLIM for quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) is confirmed by comparison against rain gauge accumulations employing scatter density plots, statistical metrics and a spatial verification. These show a strong improvement with respect to the original OPERA product. The potential of EURADCLIM to derive pan-European precipitation climatologies and to evaluate extreme precipitation events is shown. Specific attention is given to the remaining artifacts in and limitations of EURADCLIM. Finally, it is recommended to further improve EURADCLIM by applying algorithms to 3D instead of 2D radar data and by obtaining more rain gauge data for the radar–gauge merging. The EURADCLIM 1 and 24 h precipitation datasets are publicly available at
https://doi.org/10.21944/7ypj-wn68 (Overeem et al., 2022a) and https://doi.org/10.21944/1a54-gg96 (Overeem et al., 2022b).
Hyper-resolution PCR-GLOBWB: opportunities and challenges from refining model spatial resolution to 1 km over the European continent
Authors: Hoch Jannis M. , Sutanudjaja Edwin H. , Wanders Niko , van Beek Rens L. P. H. , Bierkens Marc F. P.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The quest for hydrological hyper-resolution modelling has been on-going for more than a decade. While global hydrological models (GHMs) have seen a reduction in grid size, they have thus far never been consistently applied at a hyper-resolution (<=1 km) at the large scale. Here, we present the first application of the GHM PCR-GLOBWB at 1 km over Europe. We thoroughly evaluated simulated discharge, evaporation, soil moisture, and terrestrial water storage anomalies against long-term observations and subsequently compared results with the established 10 and 50 km resolutions of PCR-GLOBWB. Subsequently, we could assess the added
value of this first hyper-resolution version of PCR-GLOBWB and assess the scale dependencies of model and forcing resolution. Eventually, these insights can help us in understanding the current challenges and opportunities from hyper-resolution models and in formulating the model and data requirements for future improvements. We found that, for most variables, epistemic uncertainty is still large, and issues with scale commensurability exist with respect to the long-term yet coarse observations used. Merely for simulated discharge, we can confidently state that model output at hyper-resolution improves over coarser resolutions due to better representation of the river network at 1 km. However, currently available observations are not yet widely available at hyper-resolution or lack a sufficiently long time series, which makes it difficult to assess the performance of the model for other variables at hyper-resolution. Here, additional model validation efforts are needed. On the model side, hyper-resolution applications require careful revisiting of model parameterization and possibly the implementation of more physical processes to be able to resemble the dynamics and spatial heterogeneity at 1 km. With this first application of PCR-GLOBWB at 1 km, we contribute to meeting the grand challenge of hyper-resolution modelling. Even though the model was only assessed at the continental scale, valuable insights could be gained which have global validity. As such, it should be seen as a modest milestone on a longer journey towards locally relevant model output. This, however, requires a community effort from domain experts, model developers, research software engineers, and data providers.
Recent changes in drainage route and outburst magnitude of the Russell Glacier ice-dammed lake, West Greenland
Authors: Dømgaard Mads , Kjeldsen Kristian K. , Huiban Flora , Carrivick Jonathan L. , Khan Shfaqat A. , Bjørk Anders A.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) or jökulhlaups
from ice-dammed lakes are frequent in Greenland and can influence local ice
dynamics and bedrock motion, cause geomorphological changes, and pose flooding hazards. Multidecadal time series of lake drainage dates, volumes,
and flood outlets are extremely rare. However, they are essential for
determining the scale and frequency of future GLOFs, for identifying drainage
mechanisms, and for mitigating downstream flood effects. In this study, we
use high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) and orthophotos (0.1 × 0.1 m) generated from uncrewed-aerial-vehicle (UAV) field surveys, in
combination with optical satellite imagery. This allows us to reconstruct
robust lake volume changes associated with 14 GLOFs between 2007 and 2021 at
Russell Glacier, West Greenland. As a result, this is one of the most
comprehensive and longest records of ice-dammed lake drainages in Greenland
to date. Importantly, we find a mean difference of ∼ 10 %
between our lake drainage volumes when compared with estimates derived from
a gauged hydrograph 27 km downstream. Due to thinning of the local ice dam,
the potential maximum drainage volume in 2021 is ∼ 60 %
smaller than that estimated to have drained in 2007. Our time series also
reveals variations in the drainage dates ranging from late May to
mid-September and drainage volumes ranging between 0.9 and 37.7 Mm3. We
attribute these fluctuations between short periods of relatively high and
low drainage volumes to a weakening of the ice dam and an incomplete sealing
of the englacial tunnel following the large GLOFs. This syphoning drainage
mechanism is triggered by a reduction in englacial meltwater, likely driven
by late-season drainage and sudden air temperature reductions, as well as
annual variations in the glacial drainage system. Furthermore, we provide
geomorphological evidence of an additional drainage route first observed
following the 2021 GLOF, with a subglacial or englacial flow pathway, as well as
supraglacial water flow across the ice margin. It seems probable that the
new drainage route will become dominant in the future. This will drive
changes in the downstream geomorphology and raise the risk of
flooding-related hazards as the existing buffering outlet lakes will be
bypassed.
Feasibility of retrieving Arctic sea ice thickness from the Chinese HY-2B Ku-band radar altimeter
Authors: Dong Zhaoqing , Shi Lijian , Lin Mingsen , Jia Yongjun , Zeng Tao , Wu Suhui
Published: March 2023

Abstract. With the continuous development of the China ocean dynamic
environment satellite series (Haiyang-2, HY-2), it is urgent to explore the
potential application of HY-2B in Arctic sea ice thickness retrievals. In
this study, we first derive the Arctic radar freeboard and sea ice thickness
during two cycles (from October 2019 to April 2020 and from October 2020 to
April 2021) using the HY-2B radar altimeter and compare the results with the
Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) CryoSat-2 (CS-2) products. We evaluate our
HY-2B sea ice freeboard and thickness products using Operation IceBridge
(OIB) airborne data and Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite 2 (ICESat-2) products. Finally, we estimate the uncertainties in the HY-2B sea ice freeboard and sea ice thickness. Here, we
derive the radar freeboard by calculating the difference between the
relative elevation of the floe obtained by subtracting the mean sea surface
(MSS) height and sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) determined by an average
of the 15 lowest points method. The radar freeboard deviation between HY-2B
and CS-2 is within 0.02 m, whereas the sea ice thickness deviation between
HY-2B and CS-2 is within 0.2 m. The HY-2B radar freeboards are generally
thicker than AWI CS-2, except in spring (March and April). A spring segment
likely has more floe points than an early winter segment. We also find that
the deviations in radar freeboard and sea ice thickness between HY-2B and
CS-2 over multiyear
ice (MYI) are larger than those over first-year ice (FYI). The correlation between HY-2B
(CS-2) sea ice freeboard retrievals and OIB values is 0.77 (0.84), with a
root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.13 (0.10) m and a mean absolute error
(MAE) of 0.12 (0.081) m. The correlation between HY-2B (CS-2) sea ice
thickness retrievals and OIB values is 0.65 (0.80), with an RMSE of 1.86
(1.00) m and an MAE of 1.72 (0.75) m. The HY-2B sea ice freeboard
uncertainty values range from 0.021 to 0.027 m, while the uncertainties in
the HY-2B sea ice thickness range from 0.61 to 0.74 m. The future work
will include reprocessing the HY-2B L1 data with a dedicated sea ice
retracker, and using the radar waveforms to directly identify leads to
release products that are more reasonable and suitable for polar sea ice
thickness retrieval.
De-Epithelialization Protocol with Tapered Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Concentrations Enhances Short-Term Chondrocyte Survival in Porcine Chimeric Tracheal Allografts
Authors: Zhou Kevin Xiang , Aoki Fabio Gava , Marin Alba , Karoubi Golnaz , Haykal Siba , Waddell Thomas K.
Published: March 2023

Background: Tracheal transplantation is indicated in cases where injury exceeds 50% of the organ in adults and 30% in children. However, transplantation is not yet considered a viable treatment option partly due to high morbidity and mortality associated with graft rejection. Recently, decellularization (decell) has been explored as a technique for creating bioengineered tracheal grafts. However, risk of post-operative stenosis increases due to the death of chondrocytes, which are critical to maintain the biochemical and mechanical integrity of tracheal cartilage. In this project, we propose a new de-epithelialization protocol that adequately removes epithelial, mucosal, and submucosal cells while maintaining a greater proportion of viable chondrocytes.
Methods: The trachea of adult male outbred Yorkshire pigs were extracted, decontaminated, and decellularized according to the original and new protocols before incubation at 37 °C in DMEM for 10 days. Chondrocyte viability was quantified immediately following post-decellularization and on days 1, 4, 7, and 10. Histology was performed pre-decellularization, post-decellularization, and post-incubation.
Results: The new protocol showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in chondrocyte viability up to four days after de-ep when compared to the original protocol. We also found that the new protocol preserves ECM composition to a similar degree as the original protocol. When scaffolds created using the new protocol were re-epithelialized, cell growth curves were near identical to published data from the original protocol.
Conclusion: While not without limitations, our new protocol may be used to engineer chimeric tracheal allografts without the need for cartilage regeneration.
Model of EV Battery and Charger
Authors: Sahithya J. Bhanu , Mounika T. , Deepika K. Sai
Published: March 2023

In this paper, battery and charger model of electric vehicle was introduced and the characteristic of them was analyzed. Electric vehicle can reduce emissions to protect our city environment, as well as human’s dependence on petrol. Therefore, it has become one of the world’s common targets to develop the technology of electric vehicle. For different research needs, proper battery and charger model are recommended.
Low-Power Design of Digital VLSI Circuits
Authors: Gautam Garima , Sikka Rishi
Published: March 2023

This paper proposes techniques like MT-CMOS, power gating, dual stack, Galeor and Lector to reduce the leakage power. A D-Flip Flop has been designed using these techniques and power dissipation is calculated and is compared with general CMOS logic of D Flip Flop. Simulation results show the validity of the proposed techniques is effective to save power dissipation and to increase the speed of operation of the circuits to a large extent.
A Study on the Brief History of Medicine in the United States
Authors: Pesce Mario
Published: March 2023

The history of medicine in the United States encompasses a variety of periods and approaches to health care in the United States from colonial days to the present, ranging from early folk remedies to the increasing professionalization and managed care of modern medicine. In this paper, we will investigate some of the major developments in modern medicine in the United States. Hopefully this will shed light on the current situation of the American health system.
Current Trends in Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing- A Review
Authors: Singh Harpuneet , Singh Bikramjit , Singh Gurcharan
Published: March 2023

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is a fusion manufacturing process in which the heat energy of an electric arc is employed for melting the electrodes and depositing material layers for wall formation or for simultaneously cladding two materials in order to form a composite structure. This directed energy deposition-arc (DED-arc) method is advantageous and efficient as it produces large parts with structural integrity due to the high deposition rates, reduced wastage of raw material, and low consumption of energy in comparison with the conventional joining processes and other additive manufacturing technologies. These features have resulted in a constant and continuous increase in interest in this modern manufacturing technique which demands further studies to promote new industrial applications.
SISTEM PENDETEKSI KEHADIRAN BERBASIS SUHU DAN ID CARD MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR
Authors: Artiyasa Marina , Anang Suryana  , Ivano Kumaran  , Tegar Alif Putra  , Ujang  , Arif Rakhman  Suharso
Published: March 2023

Dengan adanya pandemi COVID-19 dan kita diarahkan untuk selalu menjaga jarak dan tidak melakukan kontak fisik dengan sesama manusia atau dengan barang, sistem absensi berbasis sidik jari harus dikembangkan dengan menggunakan KTP yang telah terdaftar pada suatu alat. Tujuan pembuatan alat ini adalah untuk menghindari kontak fisik saat kehadiran dan memantau suhu tubuh seseorang. Alat yang akan dibuat adalah Temperature-Based Attendance dan ID, yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi suhu tubuh dan membaca ID tanpa harus melakukan kontak fisik dengan alat tersebut. Sistemnya hampir sama dengan Face Unlock di Smartphone, hanya saja alat ini menggunakan id untuk membaca ketidakhadiran, serta Thermo Gun yang berfungsi untuk membaca suhu tubuh seseorang tanpa kontak fisik. Sistem yang digunakan pada Temperature-Based Attendance and ID menggunakan sistem touchless. Kita akan membangun sistem filtrasi
AÇÕES PROMOTORAS DE SAÚDE DESENVOLVIDAS POR ESTUDANTES NAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: De Moraes Juliana Vieira , Khalaf Daiana Kloh , Mantovani Maria de Fátima , Heidemann Ivonete Terezinha Schulter Buss , Vendruscolo Carine , Bueno Bruna da Costa
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Identificar, com base na literatura científica, os programas e ações de promoção da saúde implementados nas Instituições de Ensino Superior. Método: revisão integrativa cuja busca de estudos foi realizada na PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Periódicos e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, no período de 2007 a 2021, tendo como estratégia de busca a seleção de artigos baseados nos Descritores em Ciência da Saúde. Resultados: foram incluídos 19 artigos que apresentam, como ações promotoras, a realização de práticas de atividade física e mudança na alimentação com foco voltado exclusivamente para os estudantes. Conclusão e implementações para a prática: As ações destacadas foram consideradas como relevantes para o desenvolvimento da promoção da saúde, todavia, a maioria dos estudos apresentaram atividades momentâneas e pontuais. Sugerem-se maiores investimentos em políticas de promoção da saúde no âmbito universitário, considerando a realidade da comunidade na qual a instituição está inserida bem como a estruturação e programas voltados à promoção da saúde.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF LOW DRIP SYSTEM FOR GROWTH OF AGRICULTURAL CULTURE IN KYZYLORDINA REGION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE KYZYLORDINA REGION
Authors:   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Tazhenova S.K. , Aldambergenova G.T. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Shomantaev A.A. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: March 2023

Бұл мақалада Қызылорда облысы жағдайында сурмалы судың тапшылығына байланысты, Сырдария өзенінің төменгі ағысында су үнемдеу технологиясы - тамшылатып суару жүйесі келтірілген. Ауыл шаруашылығы дақылдарын суаруға арналған төмен қысымды тамшылатып суару жүйесін қолдануына байланысты тәжірибелік – эксперименттік зерттеулер Қызылорда қаласынан 7 шақырым жерде орналасқан Қарауылтөбе кентіндегі Ы.Жақаев атындағы Қазақ күріш ғылыми – зерттеу институтының тәжірибелік учаскесі маңындағы жеке секторында жүргізілді. Тәжірибелік - эксперименттік зерттеулер орташа сазды топырақтарда жүргізілді. Топырақтың тереңдігі 0-ден 60 см-ге дейін - өте қатты тұзданған, сульфатты - хлоридті тұздану. Әрі қарай 60 – тан 100 см-ге дейін топырақ орташа тұзды - сульфатты тұздану болды. Мақалада төмен қысымды тамшылатып суғару сараптамасын жүргізуге арналған техникалық құралдың құрылысы мен жұмыс нәтижесі көрсетілген. Төмен қысымды тамшылатып суғару жүйесінің эксперимент нәтижесінде бір тамшының тамшылау жылдамдығы мен қарқындылығы, топырақ бетінің ылғалдану контуры қысым мен уақытқа байланысты жұмсалатын су мөлшері анықталды. Су өсімдіктің тамырынан бастап барлық бөлігінің құрамдас бөлігі әрі маңызды физиологиялық роль атқара отырып, өсімдіктің қоректік элементтерінің алмасуына ықпал етеді.
PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF THE HERBAGE OF THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE OF PERENNIAL PASTURE GRASS MIXTURES DEPENDING ON THE SPECIES COMPOSITION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE HILL-PLAIN ZONE OF NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Baidalina S.E. , Baidalin М.E. ,   Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Seilkhanov T.M. ,   Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Khusainov A.T. ,   Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the study is to develop a multi–year near-village pasture conveyor and increase the productivity and nutritional value of grass mixtures. In the process of conducting the current research, the methods of field experiments generally accepted in agronomy were used, laboratory studies were conducted in an accredited laboratory according to established methods and standards on modern equipment; the objects of research are various types of perennial bluegrass and legume grasses cultivated in grass mixtures. Results and practical significance. The given paper presents an analysis of the laboratory studies on the chemical composition and nutritional value of perennial grasses of the first year of life in mixtures proposed for use in the creation of near-village pastures in the conditions of the hill -plain zone of Northern Kazakhstan. Chemical analysis of plant samples was carried out in the accredited agrochemical laboratory of «AgroComplexExpert» LLP (village of Zhaksy).
REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS AND GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS IN MONITORING THE DYNAMICS OF MANIFESTATIONS OF WATER EROSION
Authors:   A.I. Barayev Scientific-Production Centre of Grain Farming Shortandy district, Republic of Kazakhstan, Lisenovich A.I.
Published: March 2023

Водная эрозия, проявляющая себя на склоновых участках в ранневесенний период при сходе снежного покрова, наносит существенный ущерб землям сельскохозяйственного назначения. Поэтому требуется оперативный и эффективный контроль над проявлениями эрозионных процессов В статье приведены данные наблюдений динамики изменений временных размывов и водотоков на полигоне точного земледелия ТОО «НПЦЗХ им. А. И. Бараева» за 3-х летний период. Проанализированы современные методы и инструменты дистанционного мониторинга, позволяющие проводить более детальный и углубленный анализ. Результаты наблюдений показали непостоянство сети водосборных струйчатых размывов и внерусловых стоков. На годовую динамику изменений сети поверхностного смыва почвы основное влияние оказывают такие факторы как уровень остаточных запасов почвенной влаги, мощность снежного покрова и температурный режим, а так же способы и направление обработки почвы. Не смотря на относительно низкое разрешение данных космомониторинга, сравнительный анализ дистанционного зондирования и полевых исследований дал удовлетворительный результат достоверности. Применение данных дистанционного зондирования земли, полученных из открытых источников, позволило получить детальную информацию о состоянии анализируемого участка и дать комплексную оценку процессов эрозии.
SAFE TECHNOLOGY FOR USING SALINE SOILS
Authors:   Taraz regional university named after M. H. Dulati, Taraz city. Republic of Kazakhstan, Seitkaziev A.S , Seitkazieva K.A. ,   Taraz regional university named after M. H. Dulati, Taraz city. Republic of Kazakhstan, Tushdikbayev M.E. ,   Taraz regional university named after M. H. Dulati, Taraz city. Republic of Kazakhstan, Maimakova A.K. ,   Taraz regional university named after M. H. Dulati, Taraz city. Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: March 2023

Бұл мақалада әр түрлі дәрежеде тұзданған топырақтардағы танапта зерттеу жұмыстары жүргізілді.Мұндағы топырақтың сулы-физикалық және химиялық қасиеттерін жүйелі талдау негізінде, олардың бастапқы тұздануы, минералдылығы , жер асты ыза суларының орналасу деңгейлері анықталды. Сондықтан ауыл шаруашылығы алқаптары жүйесінде экологиялық қауіпсіздіктің орнықтылығын қалыптастыру мақсатында суару жүйесінің барлық сатыларында технологиялық үрдістерді бағалау тәсілдерін әзірлеу қажет болды.Бұл мақалада әр түрлі суару технологиялары бойынша зерттеу алқаптарындағы топырақтың тұздылығының әр түрлі дәрежесін экологиялық бағалау материалдары қарастырылған. Топырақтың тұздануын азайту үшін тұзды топырақты тиімді шаю, тегістеу, қопсыту және басқа да агротехникалық шараларды қамтитын кешенді агротехникалық және гидротехникалық шараларды қолдану қажет екендігі белгілі болды. Су жинау алқаптарының экологиялық жай-күйін бағалау Жамбыл облысының тау етегіндегі аймағында жер асты ыза суларының әр түрлі тереңдікте орналасуы кезінде суару мөлшерлерінің экологиялық жағдай үшін қолайлы сипатына негізделген ауыл шаруашылық дақылдары өнімділігінің тұжырымдамалық моделін ғылыми негіздеуге мүмкіндік береді. Сонымен қатар ,тұзданған жерлердегі әр түрлі тұзданудың дәрежесіне байланысты қаншалықты экологиялық қауіптілік тудыратынын экологиялық кәуіплік коэффициент арқылы анықталады.
ANALYSIS OF THE RESEARCHES OF THE PROPERTIES OF LOOSE SEEDS ASSOCIATED WITH MOVEMENT
Authors:   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Koptileuov B.Zh. , Tazhibayuly A., ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Abuova N.A. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan, Tasbergenova G.Zh. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan, Nurgaliev N.Sh. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: March 2023

Мақалада егін шаруашылығының өндірістік процестерін механикаландыру барысында қолданылатын машиналарының жұмыс бөліктерінің конструкциясы жасау үшін дәннiң физика-механикалық құрамы мен касиеттерiн анықтау мақсатындағы зерттеулер баяндалған. Бұл зерттеулер бойынша егу мақсатында қолданылатын сепкіштің себу механизмінің сапалы жұмыс атқару мүмкіншіліктеріне назар аударылуы керек. Осыған байланысты егілетін дақылдың сусымалы тұқымын себу барысында оның сыртқы пішіні мен өлшемдерінің және олардың құйылу үдерісіндегі жүріп өту жолдарының мүмкіншіліктерінің негізінде параметрлері анықталып, машина конструкциясына қарай есепке алынады. Сусымалы тұқымның ағынды құйылуы, олардың жылжымалық түрiне (iшкі, сыртқы үйкелiс еселеушiне), салмақтық жұмсалуына q, диаметрiне Д және құраманың бағаналық биiктiгiне - Н тығыз байланысты. Олар бiрi-бiрiнсiз шешiлмейтiн тұтас байланыста атқарылатын күрделi механизм.Қорапқа құйылған сусымалы материалдардың бiр-бiрiне және қабырғаларына түсiретiн көлденең, тiгiнен итерiс қысым күштерi РХУ дән қүрамасының биiктiгіне - Н байланысты ең төменгi деңгейiнен бастап, жоғары өсiрiлуi деңгейiне дейiн өзгерiп көбейедi. Сонымен қатар құйылған дән құрамасының биiктiгiне - Н байланысты РХУ күштерi де тура қатынаста өседi. Дәндер құрамасының ыдыс қабырғасына түсiретiн кысым күшi, ортасындағы дәндер қысым күшiне қарағанда жоғары болатындығын айту керек. Осындай жағдайдағы дән құрамасының биiктiгi - Н жоғарылаған сайын, оның көлденең қалындығының арасындағы қысым да аз бола бастайды. Әр түрлi кезеңдегi жүргiзiлген зерттеулерде дәннiң сырт пiшiнiне байланысты оның сусымалығына, қораптан ағынды өту кезеңдерi, немесе құйылу заңдылықтарына қарай әр дақыл дәнiнде әр түрлi қасиеттеріне iзденiстер, зерттеулер жүргiзiп, оны талдауды қажет етедi.
A BNCC e as avaliações externas e em larga escala: velhas e novas interfaces em tempos de neoliberalismo extremadoA BNCC e as avaliações externas e em larga escala: velhas e novas interfaces em tempos de neoliberalismo extremado
Authors: Queiroz Welcianne Iris de , Ortega Daiani Vieira , Militão Sílvio César Nunes
Published: March 2023

O texto em tela objetiva elucidar sobre como o ideário Neoliberal tem modulado um olhar enviesado sobre a BNCC discutindo os desdobramentos desta com/nas avaliações externas e em larga escala. Busca-se responder às seguintes questões: Quais as relações da BNCC com as avaliações externas e em larga escala? De que maneira estas têm se configurado como padronização em atendimento à ideologia Neoliberal e quais seus rebatimentos na materialidade e na cultura escolar? Para responder tais questões realizou-se pesquisa e análise bibliográfica sobre a temática em tela, adotando-se como principais referenciais teóricos Azevedo (1997), Peroni (2003), Gentili (1998), Lima e Sena (2020), Cássio (2019), Cury; Reis; Zanardi (2018), Dourado; Siqueira (2019), Oliveira (2018), Felipe (2020), Duarte (2001), Araújo (2004), Freitas (2012, 2018), Luckesi (2011), Sacristán (2017). Conclui-se que a educação imposta pela BNCC e a avaliação que dela se faz, não é uma educação transformadora, mas sim, uma educação conformista que atende às demandas do mercado.
Effectiveness of Fluid and Caffeine Modifications on Symptoms in Adults With Overactive Bladder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Park Jeongok , Lee Hyojin , Kim Youngkyung , Norton Christine , Woodward Sue , Lee Sejeong
Published: March 2023

Overactive bladder (OAB) is prevalent in men and women and negatively impacts physical and psychological health. Fluid and caffeine intake modifications, which are lifestyle modification interventions, are simple methods to manage OAB. However, studies that synthesized both interventions and found scientific evidence are scarce. This review aimed to synthesize scientific evidence on whether fluid and caffeine intake modifications are effective for OAB symptoms. PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, and RISS (Research Information Sharing Service) were used to search for studies and 8 studies were included. The Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 2.0) and ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions) were used to assess the quality of selected studies. Due to the heterogeneous outcome variables, a meta-analysis was not conducted. Among the 8 included, 7 studies were randomized controlled trials and one was a quasi-experimental study. Four studies assessed urgency. Caffeine reduction was statistically effective for urgency symptoms, but increasing fluid intake was not. Frequency was assessed in 5 studies, which showed decreasing caffeine and fluid intake was effective in treating the symptoms. Urinary incontinence episodes were assessed in 6 studies, and nocturia in 2. Restricting caffeine intake was effective in treating these 2 symptoms, but restricting both caffeine and fluid intake was not. Quality of life (QoL) was examined in 5 studies, and modifying fluid and caffeine intake significantly improved QoL in 2. Although there were limited studies, our review provides scientific evidence that fluid and caffeine intake modification effectively manages OAB symptoms. Further research should examine acceptability and sustainability of interventions in the long-term and enable meta-analysis.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Pakistani Edible Oil Companies Advertisements
Authors: Hussain Ijaz , Naqvi Umm-e-Laila , Sohail Sarwat , Nazeer Imran
Published: March 2023

Media, nowadays, is an essential factor, and it evokes the feelings of the readers and viewers. People nowadays are more concerned about the issues and events happening in the country and worldwide. Media depicts the picture of the entire world to every individual, and it also shapes their ideas. This study aimed to analyze Pakistani edible oil company advertisements from the perspective of Fairclough’s three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The study ascertained how advertisers convince customers to buy the products using certain linguistic choices in a specific context. In order to achieve this purpose, the researcher selected ads from a Pakistani edible oil company named Kashmir Premium Gold Oil. The theoretical framework opted for this study was Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (1993). This framework has been used as it shows the connection between social practices and the properties of language. Fairclough’s three-dimensional framework includes three levels of discourse: text, discursive practices, and social practices. The findings show how the ideology of the consumer can be changed by repetition of the advertisement in popular local TV channels and local magazines. The advertisements show an ideal lifestyle and manipulate the customers’ mindset that whatever they have been shown and said through advertisement is true as the advertiser makes them realize that the product was only for their health and better life. Thus, the current study revealed that the language used in the advertisements served as a tool to control the minds of the people.
The Understanding of Democracy as a Measure of Integration: An Examination of the Change in Integration Discourse Around the Democracy Debate Based on the Case of the Turkish Diaspora in Germany
Authors: SÖYLEMEZ Seçkin
Published: March 2023

This article discusses the intensified debate about people of Turkish origin in Germany in the context of speculations about deviating understandings of democracy among the Turkish diasporas. Based on the thesis that a change in German integration discourse from measurable material achievements of the migrant community to immaterial aspects of adaptation with regard to norms and values is taking place, an argument for a discourse-theoretical perception of this debate is developed, whereby existing forms of the negatively connoted foreign construction of the community of Turkish origin are discussed.
Securitization of Turkish Nationalist Non-Governmental Organizations in Germany
Authors: ÇAKIR Ferzan
Published: March 2023

Since 2013, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) that have adopted Turkish nationalism in Germany have been included in the reports for the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution. According to the reports, they are considered to be elements that threaten German democratic culture and minorities in Germany. The issue was brought to the German Bundestag and it was brought to the agenda that these NGOs could be a security threat and have radical right wing features. In this regard, the main purpose of this study is to examine how and why the NGOs that adopted Turkish nationalism in Germany, which have been working through umbrella NGOs as legal entities since 1978, are perceived as a security threat. The background of the path to this process is examined from a social constructivist perspective with the theory of securitization.
AB Göç Yönetimi ve Dışsallaştırma: Türkiye-AB İşbirliği Örneği
Authors: TAVACI Ebubekir
Published: March 2023

Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri son yüzyılın en önemli göç destinasyonlarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Göçe dair meseleler eskiden devletlerin kendi egemenlik alanında iken AB projesinin gelişimi ile bu alanlarda Birliğin ulus-üstü organlarının yetkileri artmıştır. Yani AB göç politikalarında uzun bir süre hükümetler arası bir yaklaşım tercih edilirken zamanla kısmi bir ortak politikanın gelişiminden de söz edilmektedir. Güvenlik perspektifinden göç politikalarını oluşturan AB, özellikle son otuz yıldır göçü “dışsallaştırarak” yönetmeyi tercih etmektedir. Suriye İç Savaşı’nın neden olduğu göç krizinin bir sonucu olarak Türkiye ile iş birliği yapmak AB’nin göç politikalarının dışsallaştırılmasında önemli bir yere sahip olmuştur. Bu çerçevede, 2015 yılındaki göç krizi sırasında Avrupa’ya göç akışını önlemek için iki tarafın üzerinde anlaşmaya vardığı 18 Mart 2016 tarihli AB-Türkiye Göç Mutabakatı bir başarı olarak sunulmuştur. Ancak bu açıklamanın yasal niteliği ve çeşitli yönleri birçok tartışmaya yol açmıştır. Gayri resmi yöntemler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen bu iş birliği AB göç politikalarının dışsallaştırılması açısından önemli bir örnek niteliğindedir.
Táctica en el Tenis Masculino de Alto Nivel - Primera Parte
Authors: Piles Javier , Crespo Miguel
Published: March 2023

Este artículo expone algunas ideas sobre la táctica en el tenis masculino de alto nivel mediante una combinación de la experiencia de uno de los autores como entrenador de un jugador top 10 y campeón de la Copa Davis, y la aportación teórica  del otro autor. Se presentan algunas características fundamentales de la táctica moderna en el alto nivel, se comenta la necesidad de adaptación táctica cuando se cambia de superficie y se enfatiza la importancia del correcto planteamiento de los partidos tanto de forma general como cuando se va a jugar contra alguno de los mejores jugadores del mundo. Finalmente, se proporcionan ejemplos prácticos del trabajo con David Ferrer.
Central electron-enriched NO-FeN4 sites as superior acidic oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Zhong Cheng’an , Zhou Tianpei , Zhang Nan , Chen Minglong , Xie Youxue , Yan Wensheng , Chu Wangsheng , Zheng Xusheng , Xu Qian , Ge Jiankai , Wu Changzheng ,   School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China,   National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China,   Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230031, China
Published: March 2023

Developing nobel-metal-free catalysts, especially for iron-nitrogen on carbon (FeNC) materials, has been an urgent demand for wide applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, the inferior oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of traditional iron-nitrogen sites in acidic conditions seriously impedes the further improvement of their performance. Herein, we synthesized FeN4 with NO (nitric oxide) group axial modification (denoted as NO-FeN4) on a large scale through a confined small molecule synthesis strategy. Benefitting from the strong electron-withdrawing effect of the NO group, the central electron-rich FeN4 site exhibits ultrahigh ORR activity with a three times higher mass activity (1.1 A·g−1 at 0.85 V) compared to the traditional FeN4 sample, as well as full four-electron reaction selectivity. Moreover, the PEMFC assembled with the as-prepared electrocatalyst also exhibits a greatly enhanced peak power density (>725 mW·cm−2). This work provides a new approach to rationally design advanced M-Nx nonnoble electrocatalysts for the ORR.
Chiral inorganic nanostructures for theranostics
Authors: Wang Yaxin , Tong Zhi , Zhou Yajie , Guo Xueru , Zhang Mingjiang , Zhao Shanshan , Zhuang Taotao ,   Department of Chemistry, and Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Published: March 2023

Inorganic chiral nanomaterials have attracted wide attention because of their superior physical properties and chiroptical activities. Great progress in chiral nanostructure preparation has been made, such as noble metals and semiconductors. In this review, we introduce several chiral nanomaterials with feasible biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity that are promising candidates for biological applications, and we focus on their preparation in terms of their circular dichroism (CD) effects and circular luminescence properties. Additionally, we summarize the working function of chiral nanostructures toward some common diseases with high prevalence, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), diabetes and even cancers. The introduction of inorganic chirality will provide a novel way to diagnose and treat these diseases.