bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound Transmission Tomography for Detecting and Measuring Cylindrical Objects Embedded in Concrete
Authors: Lluveras Núñez Dalmay , Molero-Armenta Miguel , Izquierdo Miguel , Hernández Margarita , Anaya Velayos José
Published: May 2017

This study explores the feasibility of using transmission tomographic images based on attenuation measures in transmission to detect and estimate the most common materials that are embedded in concrete, reinforcements and natural and artificial voids. A limited set of concrete specimens have been made in which cylindrical objects such as bars/tubes of steel, PVC and aluminium have been embedded to analyse the effect of size and material. The methodology and scope of this study is presented and numerical simulations are carried out to optimize the emitter-receiver configuration and to understand the complex physical propagation phenomena of ultrasonic signals that travel through concrete with embedded inclusions. Experimental tomographic images are obtained by using an ultrasonic tomographic system, which has the advantage of needing only two ultrasonic transducers. Both the software simulation tool and the tomographic inspection system are developed by the authors. The obtained results show that PVC tubes and steel bars of diameters higher than 19 mm and embedded in cylindrical specimens, can be detected and their sizes estimated using segmented tomographic images.
Sound Source Localization Using Non-Conformal Surface Sound Field Transformation Based on Spherical Harmonic Wave Decomposition
Authors: Zhang Lanyue , Ding Dandan , Yang Desen , Wang Jia , Shi Jie
Published: May 2017

Spherical microphone arrays have been paid increasing attention for their ability to locate a sound source with arbitrary incident angle in three-dimensional space. Low-frequency sound sources are usually located by using spherical near-field acoustic holography. The reconstruction surface and holography surface are conformal surfaces in the conventional sound field transformation based on generalized Fourier transform. When the sound source is on the cylindrical surface, it is difficult to locate by using spherical surface conformal transform. The non-conformal sound field transformation by making a transfer matrix based on spherical harmonic wave decomposition is proposed in this paper, which can achieve the transformation of a spherical surface into a cylindrical surface by using spherical array data. The theoretical expressions of the proposed method are deduced, and the performance of the method is simulated. Moreover, the experiment of sound source localization by using a spherical array with randomly and uniformly distributed elements is carried out. Results show that the non-conformal surface sound field transformation from a spherical surface to a cylindrical surface is realized by using the proposed method. The localization deviation is around 0.01 m, and the resolution is around 0.3 m. The application of the spherical array is extended, and the localization ability of the spherical array is improved.
LC-MS as a Tool to Overcome the Limitations of Self-Reported Dietary Assessments in the Determination of Wine Intake
Authors: Regal Patricia , Porto-Arias José , Lamas Alexandre , Paz Lucía , Barreiro Francisco , Cepeda Alberto
Published: May 2017

The nutritional assessment of individuals is usually performed using highly subjective data collecting tools such as food frequency questionnaires, dietary recalls and food records. However, people are not always capable of recalling all foods (and ingredients) consumed, and in some cases, the intake of specific foods is intentionally omitted. Even though wine is considered positive for cardiovascular status, and is an essential part of Mediterranean culture, individuals may not always report its consumption accurately due to the existence of social preconceptions about alcoholic beverages. In this study, the presence of free resveratrol has been determined in human plasma from 25 Spanish volunteers using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This phenolic compound proved to be useful as a dietary biomarker for wine intake in a known population, and the results were compared with those obtained by self-reported dietary assessments. However, certain limitations must also be taken into account such as inter-individual variations and the type of wine consumed. The LC-MS method was validated for trans-resveratrol determination in human plasma, with an LOD (limit of detection) of 50 ng·mL−1 and an LOQ (limit of quantification) of 150 ng·mL−1, respectively.
Decomposition and Decoupling Analysis of Life-Cycle Carbon Emission in China’s Building Sector
Authors: Jiang Rui , Li Rongrong
Published: May 2017

With accelerating urbanization, building sector has been becoming more important source of China’s total carbon emission. In this paper, we try to calculate the life-cycle carbon emission, analyze influencing factors of carbon emission, and assess the delinking index of carbon emission in China’s building sector. The results show: (i) Total carbon emission in China’s building industry increase from 984.69 million tons of CO2 in 2005 to 3753.98 million tons of CO2 in 2013. The average annual growth rate is 18.21% per year. Indirect carbon emission from building material consumption accounted to 96–99% of total carbon emission. (ii) The indirect emission intensity effect was leading contributor to change of carbon emission. The following was economic output effects, which always contributed to increase in carbon emission. Energy intensity effect and energy structure effect took negligible role to offset carbon emission. (iii) Delinking index show the status between carbon emission and economic output in China’s building industry during 2005–2006 and 2007–2008 was weak decoupling; during 2006–2007 and during 2008–2010 was expansive decoupling; and during 2010–2013 was expansive negative decoupling.
Wind Speed for Load Forecasting Models
Authors: Xie Jingrui , Hong Tao
Published: May 2017

Temperature and its variants, such as polynomials and lags, have been the most frequently-used weather variables in load forecasting models. Some of the well-known secondary driving factors of electricity demand include wind speed and cloud cover. Due to the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources, the net load is more and more affected by these non-temperature weather factors. This paper fills a gap and need in the load forecasting literature by presenting a formal study on the role of wind variables in load forecasting models. We propose a systematic approach to include wind variables in a regression analysis framework. In addition to the Wind Chill Index (WCI), which is a predefined function of wind speed and temperature, we also investigate other combinations of wind speed and temperature variables. The case study is conducted for the eight load zones and the total load of ISO New England. The proposed models with the recommended wind speed variables outperform Tao’s Vanilla Benchmark model and three recency effect models on four forecast horizons, namely, day-ahead, week-ahead, month-ahead, and year-ahead. They also outperform two WCI-based models for most cases.
The Astrophysical Scales Set by the Cosmological Constant, Black-Hole Thermodynamics and Non-Linear Massive Gravity
Authors: Arraut Ivan
Published: May 2017

We calculate explicitly the black-hole temperature for the Schwarzschild de-Sitter solution inside massive gravity by defining the Killing-vector in the direction of the Stückelberg function. We then consider the conditions which an observer in massive gravity has to obey in order to agree with the standard results of General Relativity.
Nasal Infection of Enterovirus D68 Leading to Lower Respiratory Tract Pathogenesis in Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo)
Authors: Zheng Hui-Wen , Sun Ming , Guo Lei , Wang Jing-Jing , Song Jie , Li Jia-Qi , Li Hong-Zhe , Ning Ruo-Tong , Yang Ze-Ning , Fan Hai-Tao , He Zhan-Long , Liu Long-Ding
Published: May 2017

Data from EV-D68-infected patients demonstrate that pathological changes in the lower respiratory tract are principally characterized by severe respiratory illness in children and acute flaccid myelitis. However, lack of a suitable animal model for EV-D68 infection has limited the study on the pathogenesis of this critical pathogen, and the development of a vaccine. Ferrets have been widely used to evaluate respiratory virus infections. In the current study, we used EV-D68-infected ferrets as a potential animal to identify impersonal indices, involving clinical features and histopathological changes in the upper and lower respiratory tract (URT and LRT). The research results demonstrate that the EV-D68 virus leads to minimal clinical symptoms in ferrets. According to the viral load detection in the feces, nasal, and respiratory tracts, the infection and shedding of EV-D68 in the ferret model was confirmed, and these results were supported by the EV-D68 VP1 immunofluorescence confocal imaging with α2,6-linked sialic acid (SA) in lung tissues. Furthermore, we detected the inflammatory cytokine/chemokine expression level, which implied high expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1a, IL-8, IL-5, IL-12, IL-13, and IL-17a in the lungs. These data indicate that systemic observation of responses following infection with EV-D68 in ferrets could be used as a model for EV-D68 infection and pathogenesis.
Prevalence and Multilocus Genotyping Analysis of Cryptosporidium and Giardia Isolates from Dogs in Chiang Mai, Thailand
Authors: Tangtrongsup Sahatchai , Scorza A. , Reif John , Ballweber Lora , Lappin Michael , Salman Mo
Published: May 2017

The occurrence and zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis isolated from dogs in Chiang Mai, Thailand were determined. Fecal samples were collected from 109 dogs between July and August 2008. Cryptosporidium spp. infection was determined by immunofluorescent assay (IFA), PCR assays that amplify Cryptosporidium heat-shock protein 70 kDa (hsp70), and two PCR assays that amplify a small subunit-ribosomal RNA (SSU-rRNA). Giardia duodenalis infection was identified using zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation, IFA, and four PCR assays that amplify the Giardia glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), beta-giardin (bg), and generic and dog-specific assays of triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) genes. Overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis was 31.2% and 45.9%, respectively. Sequence analysis of 22 Cryptosporidium-positive samples and 21 Giardia-positive samples revealed the presence of C. canis in 15, and C. parvum in 7, G. duodenalis Assemblage C in 8, D in 11, and mixed of C and D in 2 dogs. Dogs in Chiang Mai were commonly exposed to Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis. Cryptosporidium parvum can be isolated from the feces of dogs, and all G. duodenalis assemblages were dog-specific. Dogs could be a reservoir for a zoonotic Cryptosporidium infection in humans, but further studies will be required to determine the clinical and zoonotic importance.
Structural properties and thermal stability of cobalt- and chromium-doped α-MnO2 nanorods
Authors: Cerc Korošec Romana , Umek Polona , Gloter Alexandre , Padežnik Gomilšek Jana , Bukovec Peter
Published: May 2017

α-MnO2 nanorods were synthesized via the hydrothermal decomposition of KMnO4 in an acidic environment in the presence of Co2+ and Cr3+ ions. Reactions were carried out at three different temperatures: 90, 130 and 170 °C. All prepared samples exhibit a tetragonal MnO2 crystalline phase. SEM–EDS analysis shows that cobalt cations are incorporated to a higher degree into the MnO2 framework than chromium ions, and that the content of the dopant ions decreases with increasing reaction temperature. The oxidation of Co2+ to Co3+ during the reaction was proved by an XANES study, while EXAFS results confirm that both dopant ions substitute Mn4+ in the center of an octahedron. The K/Mn ratio in the doped samples synthesized at 170 °C is significantly lower than in the undoped samples. Analysis of an individual cobalt-doped α-MnO2 nanorod with HAADF-STEM reveals that the distribution of cobalt through the cross-section of the nanorod is uniform. The course of thermal decomposition of the doped nanorods is similar to that of the undoped ones. Dopant ions do not preserve the MnO2 phase at higher temperatures nor do they destabilize the cryptomelane structure.
Sudden Penumbral Reappearance and Umbral Motion Induced by an M7.9 Solar Flare
Authors: Xu Zhe , Jiang Yunchun , Yang Jiayan , Hong Junchao , Li Haidong
Published: May 2017

The sudden flare-related changes of sunspot structures have been recognized as the photospheric responses to the solar eruptions in the corona. In this study, we report two distinctive sunspots variations associated with the flare SOL2015-06-25T08:16 (M7.9). Along the flaring polarity inversion line (PIL), the originally decayed penumbra showed a sudden reappearance, with the horizontal fields increasing in the direction of the penumbral fibrils aligned. On the other hand, the small umbra, where the reappearing penumbra rooted, had a sudden northeastward motion, toward the north part of a large sunspot located in the other side of PIL. Based on the calculation of Lorentz force changes, the area of penumbral reappearance mainly suffered a downward pressure, while the umbra region was dominated by the northeastward lateral pressure. These observations can be well understood as a result of coronal fields contraction, which can be deduced from the nonlinear force-free field extrapolation model. It also confirms the implosion idea that the restructuring of coronal fields could impact the solar surface and interior.
Confirmation of Large Super-fast Rotator (144977) 2005 EC127
Authors: Chang Chan-Kao , Lin Hsing-Wen , Ip Wing-Huen , Lin Zhong-Yi , Kupfer Thomas , Prince Thomas A. , Ye Quan-Zhi , Laher Russ R. , Lee Hee-Jae , Moon Hong-Kyu
Published: May 2017

(144977) 2005 EC127 is a V-/A-type inner-main-belt asteroid with a diameter of 0.6 ± 0.1 km. Asteroids of this size are believed to have rubble-pile structure, and therefore cannot have a rotation period shorter than 2.2 hr. However, our measurements show that asteroid 2005 EC127 completes one rotation in 1.65 ± 0.01 hr with a peak-to-peak light-curve variation of ∼0.5 mag. Therefore, this asteroid is identified as a large super-fast rotator. Either a rubble-pile asteroid with a bulk density of

g cm−3 or an asteroid with an internal cohesion of 47 ± 30 Pa can explain 2005 EC127. However, the scenario of high bulk density is very unlikely for asteroids. To date, only six large super-fast rotators, including 2005 EC127, have been reported, and this number is very small when compared with the much more numerous fast rotators. We also note that none of the six reporting large SFRs are classified as C-type asteroids.
La place de l’Union européenne dans le monde
Authors: Martin Claude
Published: May 2017

L’UE est-elle un acteur global, est-elle capable de répondre aux défis économiques et culturels que lui lancent les États-Unis, de faire face à la montée des BRICS, de rester le partenaire privilégié de l’Afrique, d’attirer et de contrôler les investissements venus de Chine, est-elle concurrentielle sur le plan de la recherche et de l’innovation ? Les difficultés d’ordre relationnel entre les États-Unis et l’Union Européenne se situent principalement au niveau des échanges commerciaux. Dans ses relations avec l’Afrique, l’Union européenne doit désormais tenir compte des grands pays émergents qui lui disputent le leadership des échanges commerciaux. Le positionnement de l’économie chinoise dans le monde a changé et suscite, en Europe, plus de peurs que de compréhension. Enfin, et contrairement à ce que l’on pourrait penser, l’UE n’est pas suffisamment concurrentielle sur le plan de la recherche et de l’innovation. A la recherche d’un nouveau modèle, l’UE hésite entre des choix dont certains privilégient la protection de l’environnement tandis que d’autres mettent en avant l’économie collaborative, la diversité culturelle ou la gouvernance territoriale. Avec la crise économique, la plupart des états-membres ont fait l’expérience de la pauvreté et de la récession. Ils ne croient plus aux promesses de succès. Au fil des années, on a vu apparaître un clivage économique entre les états du Nord et ceux du Sud. Sur le plan géopolitique, l’UE est traversée par deux crises : l’une, identitaire à l’Ouest, l’autre, frontalière à l’Est.
Les systèmes nationaux de gouvernance : typologies et évolution
Authors: Brédart Xavier
Published: May 2017

L’objectif de cet article est double. Dans un premier temps, nous parcourons la littérature relative aux systèmes nationaux de gouvernance, afin de faire le point sur les différentes typologies existantes. Ces différentes théories exposées, nous procédons, dans un second temps, à une discussion relative à l’évolution des systèmes de gouvernance au niveau international. Notre revue de littérature nous amène à retenir une opposition entre deux grandes familles de modèles de gouvernance ainsi qu’un potentiel alignement vers le système anglo-saxon. Nos réflexions relatives à la question de l’évolution des modèles de gouvernance posent cependant la question de la cohérence des systèmes.
De la gouvernance de l’entreprise au contrôle inter-organisationnel
Authors: Poissonnier Hugues
Published: May 2017

Caractérisées par le « retour de l’actionnaire » (S. L’Hélias, 1997), et l’entrée progressive de la société dans l’entreprise, les évolutions de la gouvernance des entreprises sont reconnues comme étant structurantes vis-à-vis des pratiques managériales. Peu de travaux abordent toutefois les effets de la diffusion de nouvelles modalités de gouvernance sur les pratiques de contrôle inter-organisationnel, dont l’analyse nous semble pourtant essentielle à la compréhension des caractéristiques du nouveau capitalisme. Centrant notre étude de terrain sur la filière Textile – Habillement – Distribution (THD) française et mobilisant une approche fondée sur la « chaîne de contrôle » (H. Poissonnier, 2005), nous analysons cette structuration.
Le conseil d’administration : évolution des rôles dans les mutations du capitalisme
Authors: Ben Barka Hazar , Marco Luc
Published: May 2017

L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier les positionnements du Conseil d’Administration (CA) à travers les transitions du capitalisme. Une méthodologie raccordant approche historique et revue critique de la littérature préexistante a été employée. Depuis le début du XX e siècle, trois capitalismes sont démarqués : le managérial, l’actionnarial et le partenarial. Chacun a souligné des acteurs privilégiés qui ont influencé et gouverné l’entreprise. Les théories des organisations ont essayé de qualifier ces mutations et les modèles de gouvernance qui en découlent. Notre analyse s’articule autour du conseil d’administration en se référant aux deux autres acteurs primordiaux de la gouvernance : les actionnaires et les dirigeants. Nos résultats soulignent l’importance de la confiance et du contrôle comme deux éléments interdépendants dans la définition du fonctionnement du CA.
Diversité de genre dans les organes de direction et performance des grandes entreprises belges
Authors: Bauweraerts Jonathan , Colot Olivier , Dupont Claire , Giuliano Romina , Henry Nadège
Published: May 2017

Cette recherche étudie l’impact de la présence de femmes dans les conseils d’administration et de direction sur la performance économique de 84 entreprises belges cotées à la Bourse de Bruxelles pour la période 2008 à 2011. Des régressions en données de panel ont été utilisées avec comme variables dépendantes le ROA et le Q de Tobin. Ni la présence de femmes ni la diversité dans le conseil d’administration n’ont d’influence sur la performance. Inversement, plus le pourcentage de femmes dans le comité de direction s’accroît, plus la performance économique diminue. Il en va de même pour la diversité de genre.
Les enjeux socio-économiques et éthiques des négociations collectives
Authors: Morin Marc
Published: May 2017

Le programme régulationniste-conventionnaliste en économie – gestion considère, à la différence notamment de la théorie économique néoclassique standard, que la négociation sociale et collective et le syndicalisme de négociation sont, en moyenne, producteurs d’une rente économique nette pour les organisations et l’économie en général. La posture pluridisciplinaire adoptée permet en particulier de mettre en évidence plusieurs chaînes de réactions positives qui, transitant par les capacités de régulation socio-économiques d’un certain nombre de règles plus ou moins formelles, autour desquelles se nouent des conventions, font plus que compenser les effets prix négatifs pour les entreprises qui peuvent découler de la hausse des coûts du travail obtenue par la négociation. L’article s’intéresse en particulier, à la « prise de parole syndical » d’A.O. Hirschman aux raisonnements keynésiens et à la sociologie régulationniste de J.-D. Reynaud, à quatre grands types de chaînes de réactions positives qui toutes, en ayant des impacts sur les rapports rétributions/ contributions du travail, et le sentiment de justice sociale, produisent des régulations socio-économiques qui améliorent les performances économiques et organisationnelles des entreprises et de l’économie.
Habitat preferences among three top predators inhabiting a degraded ecosystem, the Black Sea
Authors: Sánchez-Cabanes Alicia , Nimak-Wood Maja , Harris Nicola , De Stephanis Renaud
Published: May 2017

This study investigated whether there is evidence of widespread niche partitioning based on environmental factors in the Black Sea and tested the hypothesis that physiographic factors may be employed as predictors. It addresses poorly researched areas with good habitat potential for the only three cetacean subspecies living in this area: the Black Sea short-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis spp. ponticus), the Black Sea bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus spp. ponticus) and the Black Sea harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena spp. relicta). Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to analyse data collected from multiple sources. In total, 745 sightings of the three species between 1998 and 2010 throughout the Black Sea were included. The analysis found depth and sea surface temperature to be the most important variables for separating the occurrence of the three species. Common dolphins occurred mainly in deep waters and in areas where the sea surface temperature was low, bottlenose dolphins were distributed primarily in shallower and warmer waters than common dolphins, and harbour porpoises were distributed in shallower waters with lower sea surface temperature than bottlenose dolphins. This study suggests strong niche segregation among the three cetacean species. The study is also the first contribution to the basic information of cetacean species distribution and habitat preferences in the Black Sea as a whole. Knowledge of the distribution of the three dolphin species in the study area is essential to establish conservation measures for these populations.
Integración de el índice ESCA por medio de los macro-invertebrados sésiles
Authors: Piazzi Luigi , Gennaro Paola , Cecchi Enrico , Serena Fabrizio , Nike Bianchi Carlo , Morri Carla , Montefalcone Monica
Published: May 2017

El índice ESCA (Estado Ecológico de las Comunidades Coralígenas) ha sido desarrollado para determinar el estado ecológico de los hábitats coralígenos utilizando macro-algas como indicador biológico. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la respuesta, ante presiones antropogénicas, de macro-algas y macro-invertebrados sésiles moldeadores de la comunidad coralígena y su sensibilidad al índice ESCA. Se muestrearon comunidades coralígenas en 15 localizaciones del Mediterráneo Nord-Occidental clasificadas en 3 grupos: i) áreas marinas protegidas; ii) poco urbanizadas; iii) muy urbanizadas. Un valor de Nivel de Sensibilidad fue asignado a cada taxón/grupo en base a su abundancia en cada condición medioambiental, a información bibliográfica disponible y a los resultados de juicios por parte de expertos. El índice que integra la totalidad de las comunidades (llamado ESCA-TA), calculado usando tanto macro-algas como macro-invertebrados sésiles, detectó los diferentes niveles de presión humana de manera más precisa que el índice calculado solo con macro-algas o solo con invertebrados. El potencial para determinar el estado ecológico de las áreas marinas protegidas se incrementó con el índice ESCA-TA gracias al uso de una mayor variedad de descriptores.
Enjeux de la définition juridique de l’esclavage contemporain au Brésil : liberté, dignité et droits constitutionnels
Authors: Barbosa Leonardo Augusto de Andrade
Published: May 2017

Cet article examine la définition de la notion d’esclavage contemporain adoptée par le droit brésilien, retraçant ses origines à partir des premiers contrôles effectués à l’intérieur du pays au milieu des années 1990. Les rapports produits par les équipes de l’inspection du travail permettent de mettre en évidence la soumission des travailleurs à des « conditions dégradantes » et à des « journées harassantes », expressions de l’esclavage contemporain qui ne sont pas directement liées à la restriction de la liberté de circulation. Les principales critiques faites à la définition adoptée par la loi brésilienne et construite autour de l’idée de la dignité de l’être humain, prétendent qu’elle s’éloigne d’une conception « authentique » de l’esclavage, et que l’usage de termes insuffisamment précis banalise le phénomène. L’article montre que ces critiques sont erronées et que des expressions comme « conditions de travail dégradantes « et « journées harassantes » ne sont pas intrinsèquement des problèmes. De plus, il souligne que l’efficacité des politiques mises en place depuis les vingt dernières années est une preuve que cette caractérisation de l’infraction peut faire l’objet d’une application consistante.
France, 1971 ; Brésil, 2013 : deux éditions du livre Pau de arara et la mémoire de la répression
Authors: Reimão Sandra , Maués Flamarion , Nery João Elias
Published: May 2017

Pau de arara : la violence militaire au Brésil a été publié en France aux Éditions François Maspero en 1971. Il a été immédiatement censuré au Brésil, alors sous le régime de la dictature militaire (1964-1985) et ne fut publié dans ce pays, en portugais, qu’en 2013, soit plus de 40 ans plus tard. Cet article aborde les deux éditions du livre, celle de 1971 en français, puis celle de 2013 en portugais, tâchant de les comprendre dans la spécificité de leurs différents moments historiques. Tout en présentant la trajectoire des auteurs et l’origine du matériel publié, il inscrit l’ouvrage dans le cadre des dénonciations contre la torture alors perpétrée par les agents du régime dictatorial brésilien, ouvrant la discussion sur son usage au Brésil.
Les étiquettes de la mode : sous-traitance et travail forcé dans l’industrie de la confection
Authors: Freire Carlos , Côrtes Tiago
Published: May 2017

Dans l’industrie de la confection de São Paulo, des cas de travail dans des conditions analogues à celle de l’esclavage impliquant des migrants et certaines marques et entreprises mondialement renommées ont eu d’importantes répercussions au cours de la dernière décennie. Dans cet article seront abordées les récentes transformations de ce secteur d’activité et les dynamiques de travail à l’œuvre dans les ateliers de couture sous-traités. On rapprochera cette évolution de la production avec les effets des contrôles effectués par la justice et l’administration du travail qui ont mis en évidence les différents types de relation de travail tout au long de la chaîne de production ainsi que les rapports contractuels entre commanditaires et prestataires de service. L’objectif de cet article est de mettre en perspective le champ normatif qui s’est constitué autour de la catégorie de travail forcé, ainsi que l’ensemble des pratiques et acteurs impliqués comme, par exemple, les contrôles par les pouvoirs publics et leurs impacts sur les conflits liés au droit du travail provoqués par la sous-traitance.
Sur qui tire le chasseur ?
Authors: Bernardina Sergio Dalla
Published: May 2017

Le témoignage de chasse tend à anthropomorphiser la proie. Il décrit souvent le plaisir de la poursuite et de la mise à mort du gibier dans le registre érotique voire orgiastique. L’analyse des sources iconographiques confirme le caractère récurrent des projections associant la femme et la proie, la blessure et le vagin, la ferveur canine et l’acte sexuel. En raison de leur force, de leur convergence et du contexte sensoriel de l’action de chasse, ces représentations dépassent la simple métaphore et deviennent, dans l’espace fictionnel du « jeu cynégétique », des expériences fantasmatiques particulièrement réalistes.
Les prospérités du fouet
Authors: Granger Christophe
Published: May 2017

Comment se forment et se transforment les manières de jouir ? Quand et de quelle façon la flagellation a-t-il pris place dans l’ordre des plaisirs ? C’est tout l’objet de ce portfolio. De la naissance de la pornographie « flagellante », au foisonnement des enquêtes attachées à en dire les usages, en passant par l’inscription de la pratique au registre psychiatrique des perversions, le goût du fouet a émergé comme sexualité spécifique. La ritualisation des postures et des scénarios du jouir montre comment, portée par un ethos aristocratique qui célèbre la pureté des sensations excessives et le plaisir d’aller contre l’ordinaire disqualification de la douleur et de la cruauté, la flagellation se vit alors comme jouissance véritable.
Du divan à la boîte à orgone
Authors: Mayer Andreas
Published: May 2017

Le psychanalyste et médecin Wilhelm Reich, reconnu comme pionnier pour ses premiers travaux thérapeutiques et sexologiques sur l’orgasme, mais finalement condamné pour sa prétendue découverte d’une nouvelle énergie vitale, « l’orgone », est l’une des figures à la fois marquantes et dérangeantes de l’histoire des recherches sur la sexualité. Selon sa fameuse doctrine, l’orgasme constitue la source vitale des individus et des sociétés entraînant la promesse d’une transformation profonde de celles-ci : c’est par la libération de la puissance orgasmique qu’adviendra la révolution sexuelle. Cet article propose une approche par l’histoire « concrète » qui permet de comprendre les dispositifs d’expérimentation et de traitement de la science reichienne.
Jouir comme des bêtes
Authors: Kulick Don
Published: May 2017

L’origine évolutive de l’orgasme dans la lignée d’hominidés qui a conduit à Sapiens a donné lieu à de nombreux débats sur ses éventuels avantages adaptatifs. Cet article propose un pas de côté, en explorant d’autres branches et d’autres croisements dans l’arbre du vivant. Comment les autres espèces animales éprouvent-elle le plaisir sexuel et l’orgasme, avec un congénère ou… avec un humain ? Au terme d’un examen de diverses représentations du plaisir animal (dans la culture populaire, l’art, les ouvrages sur l’insémination artificielle, la pornographie zoophile), l’auteur suggère que ce dernier nous oblige à réfléchir à la configuration et aux limites de l’univers éthique que nous partageons avec les animaux.
« Quand mon doigt par mégarde… »
Authors: Damian Jérémy
Published: May 2017

La danse Contact Improvisation est née aux États-Unis en 1972 d’une exploration physique sur les possibilités de mouvements qui s’ouvrent entre deux ou plusieurs partenaires dès lors que leurs masses entrent en relation par l’intermédiaire d’un point de contact roulant sur leurs corps. L’expérience du flow, du lâcher-prise, du jeu et de la sensation, de l’intimité aussi, situe les contacteurs sur un terrain propice à l’émergence du désir et de plaisirs souvent associés ou réservés à ce qu’on nomme « sexualité ». Il s’agira de documenter l’apprentissage par lequel les contacteurs développent des aptitudes pour traduire en techniques du corps des questions qu’on situe généralement dans le champ de la morale.Toute danse pourrait, en ce sens, être dite enquête sur des désirs, des plaisirs et des jouissances autres.
Comparison of the Mathematics and Physics Models Fitting of Velocity Time-Dependent for Usain Bolt in the 100 Metres Sprint
Authors: Hutem Artit , Chansrakaew Aunchana , Sornchai Tanaporn , Hutem Supaporn
Published: May 2017

In this research paper, we will develop a theory about the mathematical and physics models for the velocity-time of Usain Bolt in the 100 metres sprint during the Beijing olympic games 2008, Berlin world championships in Athletics 2009, and London olympic in 2012. We will use data from Usain Bolt’s distance, velocity and time as shown in K. Mackata and M. Antti research study of Usain Bolt’s kinematic parameter and will analyze them using mathematical and physics models in order to formulate a theoretical equations showing the power vitality of the sprinter value and his speed endurance as well. We will also use the Introduction to Sport Biomechanics by Roger Bartlett (pp.83-92) which covers the study of the hypothetical center of mass velocity time-dependent. And the comparison of the applied force is time-dependent oscillator which are all obtained from the mathematical and physics models1 and the applied force is time-dependent oscillator in mathematical and physics models2 and the experimentation done by in figure (1)-(3)
Wavelet Based Machine Learning Technique to Classify the Different Shoulder Movement of Upper Limb Amputee
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , Kumar Amod , Agarwal Ravinder
Published: May 2017

The wavelet transform is an accurate, efficient and efficacious method to improve the quality of the myoelectric signal. Classification of the signal from upper limb using Surface Electromyogram (SEMG) signal has been the matter of extensive research. Number of methods and algorithms have been described by researchers to classify biomedical signals. The main aim of this paper to extract the different coefficient values from the given SEMG data by using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). Afterward, random forest machine learning algorithm was used to identify the different shoulder movement of an upper limb amputee. The combination of wavelet coefficients and random forest exhibited the best performance with 99.2% accuracy for the classification of different shoulder motions. It was found that the different motion can be identified accurately and provide the fundamental information to develop an efficient prosthetic device.
Study of Nanolayer AlTiN/TiN Coating Deposition on Cemented Carbide and its Performance as a Cutting Tool
Authors: Caliskan Halil , Altas Emre , Panjan Peter
Published: May 2017

Titanium and its alloys are widely used in aerospace and aviation industries because of their high strength-to-weight ratio, high fracture resistance and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures. However, chemical reactivity and low thermal conductivity of these alloys lead to adhesion and diffusion wears on carbide tools, respectively. In addition, fluctuations in cutting forces occur during the cutting process due to chip shear band formation; and chipping wear is observed at the tool cutting edge as a result. Therefore, machining of these alloys is a challenge for researchers. A common method to increase the lifetime of carbide tools is to coat them with a thin hard coating. In this study, a nanolayer AlTiN/TiN coating was deposited on carbide cutting tools using an industrial magnetron sputtering system in order to enhance their wear resistance and lifetime in milling of Ti6Al4V. The cutting tests with the coated tools were performed at a cutting speed of 50 m/min, feed rate of 0.1 mm/tooth and depth of cut of 1 mm under dry conditions. Tool wear and surface roughness on the workpiece were measured and recorded as a function of cutting distance. Wear mechanisms and types were revealed using optical and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. It was found that the nanolayer AlTiN/TiN coated tools provide higher wear resistance and 4 times longer lifetime when compared to uncoated ones. The main observed wear types are notch wear and build-up edge formation on the cutting edge. A slight improvement in surface roughness of the workpiece was observed with the nanolayered coating.
Synthesis and Bioactivity of RGO/TiO2-Noble Metal Nanocomposite Flakes
Authors: Jastrzębska Agnieszka Maria , Karcz Joanna , Karwowska Ewa , Fiedorczuk Alicja , Olszyna Andrzej
Published: May 2017

This study aims to describe the influence of adding graphene oxide to TiO2-noble metal (Me=Ag, Au or Pd) composite nanoparticles on their bioactivity (formation of RGO/TiO2-Me nanocomposite system). The obtained nanocomposite flakes and reference TiO2-Me nanoparticles were characterized using SEM, HRTEM and XPS spectroscopy, N2 sorption analysis and helium pycnometer. The analysis of the antibacterial properties of synthesized nanocomposites revealed a growth inhibiting effect of TiO2-Ag particles on gram positive bacteria such as: Staphylococcus aureus, Sarcina lutea and Bacillus subtilis. In the case of nanocomposite flakes containing RGO the visible changes in bacteriostatic properties were observed, including unexpected reversal of the antimicrobial activity of silver-containing nanoparticles into the stimulation of growth of applied bacterial strains. The stimulation of growth was not observed for TiO2-Au and Pd nanoparticles deposited on the surface of RGO.
Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2 Doped CeO2 Nanopowders by a Hydrothermal Process
Authors: Heon Jeon Byeong , Son Jeong Hoon , Bae Dong Sik
Published: May 2017

Hydrothermal processes have the potential for the direct preparation of crystalline ceramic powders and offer a low-temperature alternative to conventional powder synthesis techniques in the production of oxide powders. These processes can produce fine, high-purity, stoichiometric particles of single and multi-component metal oxides. Furthermore, if process conditions such as solute concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and the type of solvent are carefully controlled, the desired shape and size of particles can be produced. Uniform distribution of the particles is key for optimal control of grain size and microstructure in order to maintain high reliability. It has been demonstrated that such powders are composed of much softer agglomerates and sinter much better than those prepared by calcination decomposition of the same oxides. These powders could be sintered at low temperature without calcination and milling steps. The objective of this study was to synthesis TiO2-CeO2 nanosized crystalline particles by a hydrothermal process.TiO2-CeO2 nanosized powders were prepared under high temperature and pressure conditions by precipitation from metal nitrates with aqueous potassium hydroxide. The TiO2-CeO2 nanosized powder was obtained at 185°C and 6 h. The average size and size distribution of the synthesized particles were below 10±5 nm and narrow, respectively. The XRD diffraction pattern shows that the synthesized particles were crystalline. This study has shown that the synthesis of TiO2-CeO2 nanosized crystalline particles is possible under hydrothermal conditions in aqueous solution.
Synthesis and Characterization of YCrxAl1-xO3 Particles by a Reverse Micelle Processing
Authors: Lee Dae Han , Ock Ji Young , Son Jeong Hoon , Bae Dong Sik
Published: May 2017

YCrxAl1-xO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by a reverse micelle processing for inorganic pigment. Y(NO3)2·6H2O, Cr (NO3)2·6H2O and Al (NO3)3·9H2O are used for precursors in order to synthesis YCrxAl1-xO3 nanoparticles. The aqueous solution consists of mixing the molar ratio of Y/Cr/Al at 1:x:1-x and heat treated at 900~1300°C for 2h. The average size and distribution of synthesized YCrxAl1-xO3 powders was in the range of 10-20nm and narrow, respectively. The average size of the synthesized YCrxAl1-xO3 powders increased with increasing water to surfactant molar ratio and heating temperature. The crystallinity of synthesized YCrxAl1-xO3 powder increased with increasing heating temperature. The synthesized YCrxAl1-xO3 powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and color spectrophotometer. The properties of the synthesized powders were affected by such variables as molar ratio, heating temperature etc.
Microstructural Study of Thin Films CuFe Obtained by Thermal Evaporation of Nanostructured Milled Powder
Authors: Mechri H. , Haddad Ahmed , Zergoug M. , Azzaz Mohammed
Published: May 2017

Commercial copper and iron powders were used as starting materials. These powders were mechanically alloyed to obtain Cu(100-x) Fex supersaturated mixture. The milling duration was chosen in such a way as to obtain a nanostructured mixture and to form a supersaturated solid solution of CuFe; the powder mixture was used to deposit CuFe on a glass substrate.
The elaboration of our films has been carried out using thermal evaporation process (physical vapor deposition) under 1 × 10-6 mbar vacuum from an electrically heated tungsten boat, using the supersaturated solid solution Cu(100-x) Fex powder obtained by mechanical alloying. The films deposition has been done on glass substrates. In this study, we present the composition effect on the structural and magnetic proprieties of Cu(100-x) Fex powder and thin films. The chemical composition, structural and magnetic proprieties of milled powders and thin films were examined by SEM, TEM, XRD, XRF and VSM.
Interdisciplinary investigation of the authenticity and long-term preservation of electronic records
Authors: Katuu S.
Published: May 2017

No Abstract Available
IgM antibodies to red cells and autoimmune anemia in patients with malaria
Authors: Rosenberg Eugene B. , Strickland G. Thomas , Yang Sen-Lian , Whalen George E.
Published: May 2017

Rising titers of IgM antibodies to red blood cells were found in 56 patients following infection with Plasmodium falciparum parasites. These antibodies, detected by indirect immunofluorescence using fluorescein-conjugated monospecific antisera, were not present in the sera of 23 non-malaria patients with high IgM concentration, 9 patients with infectious, malignant, and autoimmune diseases, and 16 normal subjects. Rising titers of IgM erythrocyte antibodies were associated with an increase of mean IgM from 100 to 500 mg/100 ml and a decrease of mean C3 from 150 to 75 mg/lOO ml over 24 days. Mean concentrations of serum IgA, IgG, IgD, IgE, albumin, globulin, and total protein were not significantly different in patients and controls throughout the study. IgM erythrocyte antibody titers and serum IgM levels were highest, and serum C3 were lowest in the most anemic patients. Survival time of 51Cr-tagged normal red cells was reduced in 10 of 11 patients studied following the clearance of malarial parasitemia and was the shortest in the most anemic patients.
The occurrence and effects of the local strains of the California encephalitis group of viruses in domestic mammals of Florida
Authors: Parkin William E.
Published: May 2017

A quantitative micro-plaque reduction test using Keystone (KEY) virus disclosed the presence of neutralizing antibodies in the sera of 57/111 horses, 34/104 cattle, 22/119 dogs, and 0/9 swine collected in Florida in 1970. Similar results for neutralizing antibodies to California group viruses were obtained using the weanling mouse neutralization test with KEY, Trivittatus (TVT), LaCrosse, and California encephalitis (CE) viruses. Only 8 of 111 equine sera tested by the hemagglutination-inhibition test with CE virus exhibited this type of antibody. Viremia was not observed in any of 6 horses or 8 dogs inoculated with either KEY or TVT virus although 4 horses developed a persistent increase in neutralizing antibodies, as did 1 dog inoculated with TVT. Two dogs inoculated with KEY 28 days after TVT inoculation possessed KEY and/or TVT neutralizing antibodies 35 days after the second inoculation. Horses and cattle may be useful as monitors of KEY and TVT activity in Florida.
Use of a DNA Hybridization Assay for the Detection of Plasmodium Falciparumin Field Trials
Authors: Holmberg Martin , Shenton Fiona C. , Franzén Lena , Janneh Kebba , Snow Robert W. , Pettersson Ulf , Wigzell Hans , Greenwood Brian M.
Published: May 2017

A DNA probe consisting of 21 base pair repeats obtained from a Tanzanian isolate of Plasmodium falciparum, cloned in pBR322 and labeled with 32P by nick translation was used to detect malaria parasitemia in samples obtained during a malaria survey undertaken in The Gambia. In an initial trial the hybridization assay had a specificity for P. falciparum of 100% and a sensitivity of 68%. False negative results were obtained only on samples with low parasitemia. Assay of red cells collected during an earlier malaria survey which had been stored for 1 year at ™20°C gave a higher level of sensitivity (85%), suggesting a beneficial effect from freezing and thawing. This was confirmed by examining in the same assay red cells processed immediately after collection and after 2 weeks of storage at ™20°C. Freezing and thawing gave a 21% increase in positivity, and a sensitivity of 100% was achieved with the frozen samples. Quantitation of autoradiographs by visual inspection and by scintillation counting gave a reasonable correlation with parasite counts. The DNA hybridization assay has considerable promise as an epidemiological tool.
Development of Plasmodium Vivax in Anopheles Superpictus Under Experimental Conditions
Authors: Kasap Halil , Kasap Mulkiye , Demirhan Osman , Alptekjn Davut
Published: May 2017

The susceptibility of Anopheles superpictus for Plasmodium vivax was described quantitatively under laboratory conditions. Of the 697 laboratory females studied in 16 groups, 513 (73.5%) females took a bloodmeal, of which 88.4% developed ookinetes on day 1, 56.1% oocysts between days 3 and 11, and 52.5% sporozoites in the salivary gland on days 15 to 63 post-infection. Sporogony was completed in 10–11 days post-infection. There was no difference in the longevity of uninfected and infected females. Infected females survived an average of 30 days (maximum 63 days). Sporozoites survived up to 50 days in the salivary glands without any observable changes in structure and motility. These data indicate that An. superpictus is an efficient laboratory vector of P. vivax and should not be ignored in future entomological field studies.
Cross-Reactivity Among Different Giardia Lamblia Isolates Using Immunofluorescent Antibody and Enzyme Immunoassay Techniques
Authors: Ungar Beth L. P. , Nash Theodore E.
Published: May 2017

Rabbit antisera to 11 Giardia lamblia isolates were reacted with 8 G. lamblia isolates using single antibody ELISA and indirect immunofluorescent antibody techniques (IFA). Using living trophozoite organisms, IFA showed marked surface fluorescence with homologous antisera-organism pairs while heterologous pairs showed reduced or no reactivity. Using formalin -fixed trophozoites, the pattern of fluorescence changed to include diffuse internal fluorescence with both homologous and heterologous pairs. In contrast to the variability in surface fluorescence, similar reactivity was noted for homologous and heterologous antisera-isolate pairs with the ELISA. In addition, a double antibody enzyme immunoassay using rabbit antisera prepared to 2 G. lamblia isolates was performed with 8 different isolates as test antigen. All 8 were equally well detected. These data confirm previous findings that G. lamblia isolates have both different and common antigens. The different antigens appear to be on the surface of the organism while the common antigens appear to be internal or somatic.