bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dinámica agroindustrial del sector cacaotero del Ecuador
Authors: Vargas Jiménez Mónica del Carmen
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo investigativo, se enfoca en identificar los elementos dinamizadores de la agroindustria cacaotera ecuatoriana. Para ello, se efectuó un estudio documental-no experimental, apoyado en bases informativas del Banco Central del Ecuador, el Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería, el Ministerio de Producción, Comercio Exterior, Inversiones y Pesca, la Asociación Nacional de Exportadores de Cacao, la Organización Internacional del Cacao y la FAO. También fue necesaria la revisión de avances de investigación sobre agroindustriales cacaoteras efectuadas desde instituciones académicas y de especialidad, de aquí, se obtuvieron datos de estudio relevantes que fueron tratados y representados en gráficos y tablas que ilustran la comprensión del comportamiento de dicho sector en mercados internacionales y nacionales. Los resultados de la investigación señalan que la dinámica agroindustrial cacaotera en el contexto internacional y nacional ha sufrido desafíos socioeconómicos, políticos, naturales, tecnológicos, de mercado, esto no ha significado estancamiento, pero si limitaciones para ser competitivos desde la diversificación de sus derivados; además la variedad y calidad del cacao les ha permitido mantenerse en el mercado. Se concluye que la dinámica agroindustrial del sector cacaotero ecuatoriano, puede decrecer sino articula un sistema de trazabilidad que aproveche los recursos y capacidades institucionales, donde la actuación gubernamental oportuna a través de las relaciones internacionales y la generación de la política pública favorezcan la competitividad y sostenibilidad del sector.
PERSPECTIVE: No person left behind: improving physician wellness in Canada
Authors: Chaulk Jason
Published: January 2021

Canadian health care costs are unsustainable and are among the highest in the world. A greater focus on system-level initiatives is needed, and recognizing physician wellness as a quality indicator for health care delivery may be part of the solution. Physicians’ psychosocial health is a significant cause for concern and has been directly tied to patient outcomes. However, suicide rates among physicians are approximately 2.5 times those of the general population and burnout rates are twice those of other workforces. Investing in physician health programs (PHPs), specifically the components dealing with psychosocial issues, is one way to make medicare sustainable. Further, greater provincial government support of national guidelines for the formation of PHPs is needed. This commentary focuses on these background issues and suggests a path toward a more sustainable health care strategy focusing on physician well-being.
Hastane Personelinin Atık Yönetimi ve Afetlerde Atık Yönetimi Konusunda Algı Düzeyi: Gümüşhane İli Örneği
Authors: KAYA Afşin Ahmet , KÜÇÜK Ümran Ayşen
Published: January 2021

Afet yönetiminin esas amaçları; toplumun karşı karşıya olduğu tehlikeleri analiz etmek, ortaya çıkabilecek zarar görülebilecek durumları tahmin etmek, ikincil afetlere neden olmayacak stratejiler geliştirme ve uygulama gibi çalışmalar gerçekleştirmektir. Afetler meydana geldikten sonra afet türüne bağlı olarak farklı çeşitlilikte atık meydana getirir. Afet atıkları yönetilemez ise ikincil bir afete sebep olabilir. Hastaneler ise afet anında aktif hizmet veren sağlık kuruluşlarıdır. Doğal olarak hastanelerin afet durumlarında daha fazla atık üretmesi kaçınılmazdır. Bu sebeple hastanelerin de olası bir afet durumuna yönelik bir atık yönetim stratejisinin olması gerekir. Atık yönetimi ise çalışanların atık konusunda tutum, farkındalık ve algıları ile verimli olabilir. Araştırma kapsamında hastane personeline anket uygulanmıştır. Anket üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde sosyo-demografik sorular bulunmaktadır. İkinci bölümü ‘‘Atık Yönetimi Farkındalık’’ soruları ve ‘‘Afetlerde Atık Yönetimi Farkındalık’’ soruları oluşturmaktadır. Üçüncü bölümde ise ‘‘Atık Yönetimi Tutum’’ soruları yer almaktadır. Çalışmanın verileri SPSS 21 paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların farkındalık düzeyi puan ortalaması yüksek, tutum düzeylerinin ise orta seviyelerde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların farkındalık düzeyi puan ortalamasında cinsiyet ve yaş faktörlerinde anlamlı fark bulunmazken, çalışma süresi ve eğitim seviyesi faktörlerinde anlamlı sonuçlar bulunmuştur.
TD 2611 - Previsão de Homicídios no Brasil: proposta de variável antecedente
Authors: Lins Gabriel de Oliveira Accioly , Cerqueira Daniel Ricardo de Castro , Coelho Danilo
Published: January 2021

Neste estudo, investigamos a capacidade de variáveis antecedentes, entre elas internações por agressão, na previsão do número de homicídios no Brasil. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa é suprimir a lacuna referente à defasagem de informações na divulgação sobre homicídios no país, permitindo assim análises conjunturais atualizadas. Para tanto, por intermédio do esquema rolling window e da abordagem model confidence set (MCS), investigamos se modelos de variáveis antecedentes apresentam desempenho preditivo superior ao conjunto de modelos univariados. Ao aplicar a abordagem MCS, considerando diferentes estatísticas de avaliação, funções de perda e janelas de estimação, encontramos fortes evidências da capacidade das variáveis antecedentes utilizadas fornecerem conteúdo informacional adicional na previsão da dinâmica criminal brasileira, com modelos de variáveis antecedentes sistematicamente superando modelos univariados. Na média, os melhores modelos de variáveis antecedentes apresentam melhorias relativas ao benchmark random walk, de 60% em termos de raiz do erro quadrado médio (RMSE), erro absoluto médio (MAE) e desvio absoluto médio da média (MAD).
BALIKESİR MERKEZİ ÇEVRESİNDEKİ ROMA İMPARATORLUK DÖNEMİ KENTLERİ
Authors: TÜRK Mustafa
Published: January 2021

Balıkesir merkezi çevresindeki yerleşme faaliyetlerinin geçmişi Paleolitik (Eski Taş) döneme kadar geri gitmektedir. Ancak araştırma eksikliği, tahribat, bölgede yaşayan toplulukların yerleşme özellikleri gibi nedenlerden dolayı bölgemizin Tarih Öncesi ve Eskiçağ yerleşimleri konusunda pek çok sorun vardır. Bazı Erken Tunç Çağı merkezleri dışında hem Tarih Öncesi hem de Eskiçağ yerleşim kalıntıları sistemli araştırmalara henüz konu olmamıştır. Eskiçağ kaynaklarında Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’ne kadar bölgeden her hangi bir kent adı da yoktur. Bu durum, en azından Hellenistik Dönem öncesinde kentleşmenin zayıf olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Buna karşın Hellenistik Dönem’den itibaren bölge yerleşimlerinin gelişmeye başladığı, Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’nde ise kentleşmenin yoğunlaştığı anlaşılmaktadır. Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’ne ait bazı kentlerin adları geç Roma yazarları yanında Bizans kaynaklarında da yer almaktadır. Çalışmamızda kaynaklarda verilen bilgiler ve arkeolojik kalıntılar ışığında bölgedeki bu Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi kentleri incelenecektir.
The Influence of migration on the financial circulation in the economy of Ukraine
Authors: Lysiuk Oleksandra , Britchenko Igor
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the migration processes and their financial influence on the Economy of Ukraine. The changes in the character of the external labor migration of the population in Ukraine are defined. The main reasons that caused external labor migration in Ukraine from 2010 to 2019 are investigated. The remittances to Ukraine from the most popular migration countries and the influence of situational regulation of the government on external labor migration problems are analyzed.
Delegation of parenthood and language of reproduction: experts and patients on the birth of ART-children
Authors: Isupova Olga G.
Published: January 2021

While understanding their positions on various ethical issues in the field of reproductive technologies, IVF patients form their own special language, not scientific, but rather vernacular, based on real experience. A group of women actively seeking procreation with modern biotechnologies remains somewhat conservative, focused on a traditional family. New concepts and terminology are particularly well-formed in their disputes over the use of reproductive donation. In general, what they articulate and advocate is consistent with concepts of bioethics that are also controversial – for some, the priority of genetic connectivity is unusually strong, while others deny its significance. The study bases on examining perceptions of reproductive donation by bioethics specialists presented in the literature and their comparison with the views of ART patients communicating on the Internet. The author uses qualitative discourse analysis and studies thematic discussions on the Probirka.ru website, which are devoted to the preferences of their participants in relation to reproductive donation, its acceptance or rejection. The study shows that patients’ positions are somewhat more extreme than the views of bioethics. For example, some participants practically deny the existence of genes, while others talk about the advantage of finding a child without using one’s own body. The author reveals different groups of patients, and more traditionally oriented women prefer to delegate the genetic part of parenthood to third parties and cannot refuse to bear pregnancy as they see it as a central part of female identity, while more modernized prefer to keep genetic connection if it is possible to refuse childbearing.
A new species of Rangabradya (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Ectinosomatidae) from a cave in Satun Province, southern Thailand
Authors: Boonyanusith Chaichat , Athibai Sujeephon
Published: January 2021

A representative of the family Ectinosomatidae was discovered in a temporary pool in a cave in the Satun Province, southern Thailand. Based on the characteristics of the antennary exopod, armature of the female fifth leg, and configuration of the male sixth leg, a new species of the genus Rangabradya was identified, representing the first record of the genus in the continental waters of Thailand and in Southeast Asia. The new species can be distinguished from Rangabradya indica by the configurations of the fifth and the sixth legs in both sexes, the body ornamentation of the urosomite, and the armature of the mouthparts. These structures show a more primitive state in the new species. Accordingly, a new subgeneric rank in the genus Rangabradya, Siamorangabradyasubgen. nov, was established to accommodate the Thai species and Rangabradya (Siamorangabradya) wongkamhaengaesubgen. et sp. nov. was described. Also, the key to all 23 genera of the family was updated.
Antropologia na fronteira & fronteiras da Antropologia: experiências de ensino, pesquisa e extensão universitária em uma região transfronteiriça
Authors: Melo Flávia , Reis Rodrigo Oliveira Braga
Published: January 2021

Recorrendo ao exercício autorreflexivo, analisamos a implantação do curso de graduação em Antropologia no campus da Universidade Federal do Amazonas na cidade de Benjamin Constant e sua associação ao recente processo de expansão universitária no Brasil. A situação analisada se desenvolve na região de tríplice fronteira amazônica entre Brasil, Colômbia e Peru e traz à luz questões sobre a polissemia da fronteira; o contexto político que propiciou a criação do curso; algumas representações da Amazônia e da Antropologia; e os efeitos desse processo para o fazer antropológico. Refletimos como nossas experiências de ensino, pesquisa e extensão na fronteira foram positivamente afetadas pelos modos de experimentação da antropologia vivenciados pelas estudantes mulheres e indígenas com quem partilhamos esse percurso.
Dos museus e de suas armadilhas: considerações sobre a construção de um memorial da hanseníase no Ceará
Authors: Almeida Rafael Antunes
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo pretende discutir as complexidades associadas às iniciativas consideradas de vanguarda no campo da museologia que procuram incorporar no processo curatorial grupos frequentemente silenciados. O trabalho avança em uma ampla discussão bibliográfica relativa às transformações nos museus na segunda metade do século XX, de modo a contextualizar o processo curatorial que é trabalhado ao longo do texto. Tomando como esteio para a discussão o papel da universidade na curadoria de uma sala voltada aos ex-portadores de hanseníase nos quadros de um memorial dedicado à doença na Colônia de Antônio Diogo - Ceará, busca-se elaborar algumas questões envolvendo as temáticas dos desajustes entre o tempo da universidade e o tempo do museu, do desinteresse e da apatia, além de refletir sobre os temas da memória e do esquecimento entre os que remanesceram da política estatal de internação compulsória perpetrada pelo Estado Brasileiro.
Erasmus+ Educational Projects on eLearning and Related Methodologies
Authors: Alonso de Castro María Goretti , García-Peñalvo Francisco José
Published: January 2021

Collecting data from Erasmus+ projects to detect those that have been identified as good practice or success story could be very useful in order to help teachers to define successful projects in a particular field. To compile projects of interest, the Erasmus+ Project Results Platform is available, which has a database with very useful information to locate educational projects that have been funded by the European Union. The advantage of using this tool is that it has a search engine that allows anyone to look up for keywords. Moreover, it permits to define different criteria so as to identify good practices projects that could serve as a reference in order to find useful parameters to improve the teaching process. This chapter presents the main data collected from educational projects that are related to eLearning and related methodologies in the aforementioned platform. It also defines which ones will be selected so as to be able to undertake an adequate analysis that allows the definition of a methodological guide to be carried out.
Learning Design in the 21st Century
Authors: Roubides Pascal
Published: January 2021

This chapter provides a review of multiple facets of current and promising trends for learning design technologies for the 21st century, with the intention to provide a centralized discussion of different avenues in learning design considerations. An attempt is made to cover multiple parallel trending areas, such as adaptive learning, digital storytelling, gamification, simulation technologies, augmented and virtual reality, cybernetics, the xAPI standard, mobile and ubiquitous learning, with a glimpse of how such trends are shaping or expected to shape the future of all those involved in designing and delivering learning or effecting human behavior and performance change. Moreover, a discussion on learning theories for the digital age is presented, as well as brief overviews on several areas of concern in learning design, such as in assessment and verification, cloud computing, data and data analysis, artificial intelligence, blockchain, open educational resources, etc.
The Digital Educational Model
Authors: O'Connor-Córdova Mario , Peddinani Bharat Kumar , Lopez Mildred
Published: January 2021

The declaration of the sanitary emergency of COVID-19 changed the way that multiple sectors operate. In education, in addition to taking care of the health and safety of the community, continuity and academic quality of programs must be ensured. This transition gave rise to a new digital educational model to offer a quality distance university experience. The objective of this chapter is to present a framework to assess the quality of a digital educational model, and to present the findings of an implementation of this model that resulted from the transformation of a medical program amid the health emergency of COVID-19.
Everything Must Change Because Nothing Changes
Authors: Ferrari Filippo
Published: January 2021

This reflective case history describes an intervention conducted by the author within an Italian bank. Involved in an organizational change at the bottom level, the author faced many difficulties both related to organizational dynamics (changes in work organization and in the skills of the operators) and to relational aspects (power dynamics and resistance to change of some employees). This reflective case history describes the followed organizational analysis and evaluation process and the implemented organizational change strategy. Finally, it presents the adopted reflective method of intervention and the obtained results.
Accessible and Inclusive Content and Applications
Authors: Brunet Tom , Ramachandran P. G.
Published: January 2021

As devices have become smaller and more pervasive, usage scenarios that have historically been common for people with disabilities are finding more general application for all users. Overall, the consideration of accessibility improves the usability of applications for all users. This chapter will discuss standards for accessibility, inclusive design, and topics related to the development of accessible mobile content and applications. The discussion will apply to mobile content, such as EPUB documents, and topics related to Web, native, and hybrid applications.
How Internet of Things Is Transforming Project Management
Authors: Sanchez Marisa Analía
Published: January 2021

Organizations are experiencing a transformation as a consequence of digital technologies such as social, mobile, big data, cloud computing, and internet of things. The transformation presents challenges at several levels, and project management is not an exception. There are changes in the project environment, the power structures, capabilities, skills, and standard practices, just to name a few. Considering the eventual obsolescence of many project portfolio management practices, the aim of this chapter is to discuss the influence of internet of things in this discipline. The analysis departs from rethinking project management insights and describes the impact of smart and connected products considering many dimensions. Recommendations for each PPM stage are developed, followed by a brief discussion of future research directions.
Evaluating Wireless Network Accessibility Performance via Clustering-Based Model
Authors: Wang Yan , Wu Zhensen
Published: January 2021

Using the large amount of data collected by mobile operators to evaluate network performance and capacity is a promising approach developed in the recent last years. One of the challenge is to study network accessibility, based on statistical models and analytics. In particular, one aim is to identify when mobile network becomes congested, reducing accessibility performance for users. In this paper, a new analytic methodology to evaluate wireless network accessibility performance through traffic measurements is provided. The procedure is based on ensemble clustering of network cells and on regression models. It leads to identification of zones where the accessibility remains high. Numerical results show efficiency and relevance of the suggested methodology.
Knowledge of Management Tools and Systems in SMEs
Authors: Pawliczek Adam , Rössler Miroslav
Published: January 2021

The chapter deals with knowledge management principles and their implication to knowledge in management represented by contemporary sophisticated management tools and systems. The most important management branches and methods, tools and systems, generally considered as very helpful for professional business operating, are presented. Further research results of management tools knowledge in contemporary enterprises are presented impacting the need of education and knowledge transfer in management responsible positions. The need of management knowledge for the competitiveness of enterprises is accented. Business and competitive intelligence as media for competitiveness are introduced. In the last part of the chapter, a model of the knowledge management system applicable in SMEs is suggested. The purpose of the chapter is to make the reader familiar with some of the most important management tools, methods and systems and suggest principles for an easy and effective knowledge management system in the enterprise.
Theorizing Virtuality in Enterprise Social Systems
Authors: Lee James J. , Imanaka Jessica L.
Published: January 2021

This chapter has built on research on today's modern organizations to lay the foundations for a comprehensive and systematic theorization of enterprise social systems. Theorizing virtuality marks a fundamental transformation in space-time parameters in communications. This is especially so in the context of rapid current advancements in IT such as cloud computing, as well as numerous other technological fronts. Current IT trends show that increased spatio-temporal plasticity heightens the effectiveness and the efficiency of modern enterprise social systems. In particular, subject-oriented asynchronous communications experience greater inferred plasticity and event-oriented synchronous communications experience greater referred plasticity. Finally, enterprise social systems vary in their degree of virtuality based on the perspective of the relevant stakeholder group considered.
Leading Digital Transformation in Higher Education
Authors: Miller Christine Elizabeth
Published: January 2021

The pace of innovation continues to accelerate. Students expect campuses to keep pace with the technology they use in their daily lives, and the technology they will likely need to use when they enter the workforce as graduates. Students and their families now pay more of the costs associated with earning a degree, and they want to have a voice in campus planning and decision making. Higher education technology leaders will need to help their campuses shift from incremental adoption of disparate technologies to digital transformation. Digital transformation includes adopting innovative technologies to transform mission critical activities and optimizing related processes and data with the objective of increasing customer satisfaction and providing an excellent end user experience. To guide digital transformation, technology leaders in higher education need a toolkit to build buy-in and facilitate cultural transformation on their campuses.
Determining the Accessibility of e-Government Websites in Sub-Saharan Africa Against WCAG 2.0 Standard
Authors: Verkijika Silas Formunyuy , De Wet Lizette
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the conformance levels of government websites in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 and examine which macro factors influenced the accessibility these websites. The findings indicated that the majority of government websites in SSA still had a long way to go to become accessible based on the WCAG 2.0 standards. None of the 217 government websites examined adhered to all the WCAG 2.0 guidelines. Cross country analysis showed that there are three macro factors influencing e-government accessibility in SSA, namely Human Development Index (HDI), Corruption Perception Index (CPI), and percentage of the active population (15-64 years). Countries with high HDI levels and low CPI levels tend to have websites with fewer accessibility errors, while those for countries with high percentage of the active population have more accessibility errors.
Accessibility Improvement Interventions at Byzantine Monuments
Authors: Naniopoulos Aristotelis , Tsalis Panagiotis
Published: January 2021

The accessibility of monuments and archaeological sites by disabled persons and persons with restricted mobility in general, constitutes a social, financial and political demand. The project “PROSPELASIS” attempted to counter this problem by focusing on creating a methodology for facing monuments' accessibility and perceptibility problems for people with disabilities and testing its application at Byzantine monuments of Thessaloniki. In six major monuments included in UNESCO's World Heritage List, significant accessibility improvements were realized. Α Wi-Fi information system was installed in all of them via which an audio and visual information system was created with audio information in three languages, description of visual information, text information, information in Greek and International Sign Language. Additionally, in Rotunda and Heptapyrgion monuments three dimensional models were developed. The successful validation of the proposed methodology constitute the results of this project not only pertinent to Thessaloniki or Greece, but worthy of a wider application.
Impact of Online Teamwork Self-Efficacy on Attitudes Toward Teamwork
Authors: Konak Abdullah , Kulturel-Konak Sadan
Published: January 2021

The lack of professional skills in project teams is one of the most important factors contributing to the high failure rate of Information Technology (IT) projects. Therefore, preparing students for increasingly complex IT projects has been an important learning objective in information sciences and technology programs. This article investigates the relationships between face-to-face students' self-efficacy of managing project tasks through online processes and their attitudes toward teamwork. The relationships among student engagement in learning experiences related to teamwork, self-efficacy of technology-mediated teamwork, and attitudes towards teamwork are investigated using confirmatory factor analysis on a data set with 344 participants. The analysis shows that self-efficacy of technology-mediated teamwork mediates the effect of learning engagement on attitudes toward teamwork. Therefore, the article postulates that mastering technology-mediated teamwork skills helps face-to-face students develop positive attitudes toward teamwork, which can be transferred to the workplace.
Leading, Managing, and Facilitating Organizational Change
Authors: Turner Paul Steven
Published: January 2021

This chapter focuses on organizational change and development and how leadership behavior impacts upon the delivery of the desired change, in terms of implementation, effectiveness, and performance. The reflective perspective seeks to explore learning insights gained via business and academic approaches within transformational change programs in two dimensions: first, the author's PhD research project investigated leadership behavioral approaches designed to deliver organizational change and increased engagement and performance; and second, the author's involvement as a business consultant and executive coach, acting for private sector companies on transformational change programs designed to deliver strategic change to drive increases in efficiency, effectiveness, and performance. The purpose of this chapter is to inform professionals involved in organizational change and development within their own or their client organizations and facilitate learning to help better understand the potential of leadership behavior in delivering successful organizational change strategies.
The Use of Software Tools in Linked Data Publication and Consumption
Authors: Barbosa Armando , Bittencourt Ig Ibert , Siqueira Sean Wolfgand Matsui , Silva Rafael de Amorim , Calado Ivo
Published: January 2021

To reduce the complexity intrinsic to LD manipulation, software tools are used to publish or consume data associated to LD activities. However, few developers have a broad understanding of how software tools may be used in publication or consumption of Linked Data. The goal of this work is to investigate the use of software tools in Linked Data publication and consumption processes. More specifically, understanding how these software tools are related to process of publication or consumption of LD. In order to meet their goal, the authors conducted a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify the studies on the use of software tools in these processes. The SLR gathered 6473 studies, of which only 80 studies remained for final analysis (1.25% of the original sample). The highlights of the study are: (1) initial steps of the publication process are fairly supported by the software tools; (2) Non-RDF serialization is fairly supported in publication and consumptions process by the software tools; and (3) there are non-supported steps in consumption and publication processes by the tools.
Beyond Anne Frank
Authors: Radhakrishnan Ritu
Published: January 2021

This chapter addresses the ways in which aesthetic practices provide educators at all levels and across disciplines with practical tools for enhancing critical literacy in pursuit of responsible citizenship. Engaging with aesthetics allows students to create meaning-making experiences and explore their own thinking about a topic and provides students with an opportunity to create meaningful experiences to address social action. Sharing of these processes and creations is often less polarizing than dialogues or debates and allows for inclusion of students with multiple modalities and talents. This curricular approach is more than simply creating an arts-integrated curriculum. Students should be creating, critiquing, and engaging with various forms of aesthetics (e.g. visual, drama, dance, music, etc.).
Strategies for Engaging Hispanic/Latino Youth in the US in Computer Science
Authors: Denner Jill , Martinez Jacob , Thiry Heather
Published: January 2021

In the United States, Hispanic/Latino youth are underrepresented in computer science degree programs and the workforce. This chapter reviews theoretical models and empirical evidence to guide efforts to engage Hispanic/Latino youth in activities and learning environments that have the potential to increase their interest and capacity to pursue and persist in computer science. The authors advocate for a culturally responsive approach to engaging youth in computer science, and highlight a research-based program called Computer Science for the Social Good that has evidence of increasing elementary and high school students' interest and capacity to study computer science. The chapter concludes with implications for research and practice.
Connecting Pedagogy, Preparation, and Passion
Authors: Simpson Cheresa Greene , Patterson Gerrelyn Chunn
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines an engaging pedagogical strategy to prepare pre-service teachers to work in diverse communities challenged by social issues such as poverty and food instability. The chapter presents a service-learning pedagogical approach that creates a collaborative partnership between faculty, students, the university, and the greater community. It demonstrates how stakeholders can work and learn together within a common service-learning project that positively impacts change in diverse communities.
Parent Engagement Through Abriendo Caminos/Opening Pathways
Authors: Hernández-Johnson Mónica , Flores Rosemary Q.
Published: January 2021

“Abriendo Caminos/Opening Pathways for Students of Color Into the Teaching Profession: Giving Back to the Community Through Teaching,” funded by an educational improvement grant, was designed to address the teacher shortage and demographic diversity gap between students and teachers in a largely urban public school district in the Southwestern United States. The research team at a large, minority-serving public research institution set to address the teacher shortage and diversity gap in three distinct ways—research, recruitment, and registration/retention—with a strong parental engagement component in every stage. Research shows that the engagement of multicultural families/families of color in schools and surrounding community initiatives may more expediently and reliably translate into improved student educational outcomes than does that involvement focused largely on their children's performance in school. This chapter delineates practical hands-on methods to develop stronger parent partnerships using a social justice lens.
Dismantling Eurocratic Practices in Teacher Education
Authors: Wynter-Hoyte Kamania , Muller Meir , Bryan Nathaniel , Boutte Gloria Swindler , Long Susi
Published: January 2021

This chapter provides a profile of an urban education collective that fosters relationships among preservice teachers, university faculty, and a local school district. The partnership supports preservice and in-service teachers serving marginalized communities using culturally relevant, humanizing, and decolonizing pedagogies. Drawing from decolonizing and humanizing theoretical and pedagogical frameworks, the collective highlights equity, asset-based, and anti-racist teachings. Insights gained from this initiative and recommendations for navigating challenges in equity work are presented. Implications for teacher education programs and future research goals are provided.
Designing Counter-Narratives
Authors: Woodley Xeturah M. , Mucundanyi Gaspard , Lockard Megan
Published: January 2021

The growing field of online education has developed inside a cultural context rooted in racism, classism, sexism, and other forms of inherent bias. Likewise, the design and development of online curriculum is not excluded from the biases that have historically plagued face-to-face curriculum. In this article, the authors call online teachers into action by encouraging them to adopt an engaged instructional design praxis that builds learning environments inclusive of racial, ethnic, and gender diversity. Through the use of culturally responsive teaching, online teachers can create spaces of counter narrative that address curricular blindnesses and promote social justice.
Social Ecology of Engaged Learning
Authors: Arches Joan , Hung Chi-kan Richard , Patel Archana
Published: January 2021

This chapter presents a community-university partnership model of service-learning with urban, low income, middle school youth of color focused on promoting agency and efficacy through an All Star Anti-violence Youth Summit. The summit combined basketball and small group activities to define, analyze, and address the issue of gun violence in the community. The approach is intergenerational and intercultural, and was implemented through a semester long Civic Engagement service-learning class. The diverse group of students at a large, urban, public University applied the concepts of critical service-learning, British Social Action, positive youth development, and civic engagement.
Lawrence2College
Authors: Falk Audrey Faye , Carey Ashley J.
Published: January 2021

High school graduation and college access are critical vehicles for individuals' social mobility and for community change. This chapter provides an overview of Lawrence2College, a culturally engaging service-learning partnership which was initiated in 2014 and focuses on these issues. Lawrence2College facilitates high school achievement and college awareness through a mentoring and support program which connects students from Lawrence High School, a public school in Lawrence, Massachusetts, with graduate and undergraduate students from Merrimack College, a private, Catholic college in neighboring North Andover. Lawrence is a city in Massachusetts with a strong Latinx presence, including recent immigrants. Poverty and low literacy are challenges faced by residents. This chapter explains the rationale and conceptual underpinnings of Lawrence2College and describes its evolution and approaches. The chapter concludes with insights and recommendations for practice and research.
Education for Justice-Oriented and Participatory Citizenship in a Politicized Era in Hong Kong
Authors: Ng Shun Wing , Wong Koon Lin
Published: January 2021

This chapter aims at introducing issues of citizenship education arising from the social, historical, and political context of Hong Kong before and after its handover from Britain to the People's Republic of China in 1997. It then analyzes conceptions and typologies of active and participatory citizenship and the impeding factors affecting promotion of participatory and justice-oriented citizenship in the citizenship education curriculum by reviewing the education policy documents published by the Hong Kong Education Bureau. Ultimately, it conceptualizes four stages of development of citizenship education chronologically in Hong Kong with regard to the nature of politicization and de-politicization. Through reflection on the political movements triggered by young people in recent years in Hong Kong, this chapter concludes by specifying the importance of nurturing participatory and justice-oriented citizens in the citizenship education classrooms with immediate urgency for students' development, especially in the rapidly changing social and political context of Hong Kong.
Enhancing Intercultural Competency Though Co-Curricular Activities in Higher Education
Authors: Green Wendy M. , De Cruz Valerie
Published: January 2021

In response to increasing student diversity, universities have begun to implement programs that provide experiences so that students may expand their understanding of cultural differences. This chapter focuses on the implementation of inter-cultural programming in a large university in the northeastern United States. The university is highly-selective, draws students globally, and diversity is evident across racial, ethnic, sexual orientation, national, and religious identities. This chapter focuses on three signature programs and examines the programs' underlying theoretical frameworks, program implementation, and program outcomes. Each program is presented as a case and program evaluation data is utilized to understand the learning process. The advocacy group is the subject of a mixed methods research project and preliminary data will be presented. The chapter includes a discussion of best practices and links theoretical approaches to practice.
Teaching for Diversity Online
Authors: Tigert Johanna M. , Armstrong Argyro Aloupis
Published: January 2021

Existing gaps in teacher education programs impact programs' ability to provide teachers with effective teaching practices for use in diverse classrooms. Higher education institutions attempting to address culturally relevant pedagogy through online courses struggle to create meaningful learning opportunities for students especially when they do not have opportunities to work with diverse populations outside of class. This chapter discusses the challenges a higher education faculty member and her doctoral assistant faced when teaching an accelerated 10-week online course titled Educating Diverse Populations. The asynchronous nature of the online course and the optionality of the online group chats disrupted the process of class dialogue and interactions normally found in traditional face-to-face courses. However, reflecting on a variety of autobiographical resources and participating in weekly discussion posts assisted students to better incorporate culturally relevant pedagogy into their teaching practices.
A Decolonizing Study Abroad Program in Mexico for Pre-Service Teachers
Authors: Kasun G. Sue
Published: January 2021

Due to the well-documented cultural mismatch between predominantly white teachers and the majority of non-white youth entering U.S. schools, teacher educators have sought multiple avenues to address this problem. This chapter explores one university study abroad program for pre-service teachers of English learners and its efforts to decolonize education by indigenizing the curriculum. The chapter explores the major program set-up, from curricular issues to building relationships with partners in Mexico. The chapter provides multiple insights into the partnership between the Mexico-based language institute, with its focus on social justice, and the doors it opened toward partnership with one indigenous school that embraced the Four Agreements. The pre-service teacher participants were dramatically impacted by that experience in ways that the author argues are enduring and decolonizing.
Transformation and Social Justice in South African Higher Education
Authors: Ntombela Sithabile , Setlhodi Itumeleng I.
Published: January 2021

There are inequalities at all levels of the South African education system, and these are more visible in higher education, which, until recently, was inaccessible to most people. Levelling the turf and bringing about true transformation in higher education institutions requires redress of past inequalities and catering for all students who seek admission. To increase participation levels by students from varied backgrounds and achieve justice, it is essential for higher education institutions, particularly those offering open distance e-learning, to devise plans towards tackling challenges confronting students and possible ways to overcome them. This chapter discusses the purpose of higher education in offering support to students in the context of massification. It also explores the manner in which higher education institutions model transformation, how they bring about equity and redress to overcome challenges and to pursue justice. Lastly, it concludes with possible considerations for these institutions to tackle inequalities and attain social justice for their students.
HIV Education for Learners in Zambian Catholic Schools
Authors: Chita Joseph
Published: January 2021

In this chapter, HIV and AIDS education for learners in Catholic schools was interrogated from a social justice perspective. The author advances the argument that the learners' right to access HIV and AIDS education in the school context was superficial in addressing the needs of learners. Hence, depriving them of the much needed knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary for their survival in the context of HIV and AIDS. Therefore, this call for continued dialogue among different stakeholders in order to enable Catholic Schools play the ‘social vaccine' role in the face of HIV and AIDS.
Revolutionizing Education
Authors: Raghunandan-Jack Nadira
Published: January 2021

The chapter discusses equity and educational reform as it relates to minority students in the United States. Historical information is presented along with a synopsis of the current state. Recommendations to equalize learning opportunities and reform education are presented. Students in schools all across America have been shortchanged. They are drowning in a bottomless ocean with the waves and currents pulling them further and further into the depth of a sea of confusion, a sense of hopelessness, and an emptiness that has shattered their dreams.
Field-Based Learning for Minority Educators
Authors: Blankenship Rebecca J. , Paquette Paige F. , Davis Cheron H.
Published: January 2021

While many researchers have emphasized the importance of preservice teacher candidates having the opportunity to engage in analysis, reflection, and critical thinking, a significant gap in the literature exists relevant to how these conversations are translated within the social construct of the field-based placement and experience. Using a qualitative case study methodology, the authors offer a model to explain how situationally responsive field-based learning experiences can be pedagogically transformational for minority preservice teacher candidates and the students they will eventually serve. Using key tasks embedded within the field experiences for this study are specifically designed to implement this situationally inquiry-based learning model to maximize the relationship between educational theory and actual classroom practice.
Researching Advances in Application of Bio-Inspired Superhydrophobic Metallic Surface
Authors: Mei Ji
Published: January 2021

Metal materials are very important engineering materials, which are irreplaceable in the history of mankind. Infiltrating theoretical basis described in the paper comprehensively introduces the super hydrophobic of metal surface which has important theoretical significance and broad application prospects in many fields of basic research and industrial application including self-cleaning, fluid drag reduction, water miniature conveyer, condensation, ice prevention, resistant corrosion and protection, liquid transmission, oil-water separation, biological fouling and Marine fouling and control, etc. It also puts forward the corrosion mechanism of super hydrophobic surface to extend the bionic super hydrophobic metal materials in the field of industrial and civilian sectors.
Preparation and Mechanical Properties Analysis of Aviation Mechanical Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics
Authors: Yan Sheng Li , Li Hao , Zhan Fei
Published: January 2021

The study aims to explore the preparation of aviation mechanical carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) and the properties of CFRP composites. Taking the aero box body as an example, the mechanical properties of CFRP are studied. The preparation of CFRP is analyzed by searching the data. CFRP plates are explored according to the stress analysis of composite materials. The finite element analysis software ANSYS Workbench and UG software are adopted to build the 3D model of the aero box body. After adding materials in ANSYS Workbench and simplifying the UG model, the finite element analysis of the model is carried out by computer. The 3D model of the aero box is constructed, the finite element analysis of the aero box is carried out, and the mechanical properties of CFRP are explored. In this study, the possibility of the practical application of CFRP in the aviation box body lightweight is clarified, which gives a direction for the subsequent actual molding and guides the application of CFRP in aviation field.
Study on Porous Structure of Porous Media in Geotechnical Materials
Authors: Wang Yong Xin , Lan Chun Hui , Tian Hai
Published: January 2021

Geotechnical materials are complex materials with very strong structures, but their structural problems have always been difficult problems in this field. In this paper, by studying the structural problems of geotechnical materials, we understand and master this kind of structural materials. Methods for describing complex materials, as well as the nature, characteristics, and changes of the material after being affected by the environment, especially the influence of the structure of the material on the macroscopic properties of the material. Starting from the basis of the material-material particles, fully consider the particle Geometry, surface characteristics and material characteristics, further analysis of the mechanical and geometric characteristics of structural materials composed of particles, a porosity model describing the pore size distribution is proposed, and the two-dimensional and three-dimensional The experimental data of pores in the space shows that the predicted value of the porosity model agrees well with the measured value in the three-dimensional space.In two-dimensional space, the validity of the model is closely related to the corresponding number of pores and the fractal dimension of the pore size distribution.
Study on Fatigue Crack Growth of Laser Melting Deposited 12CrNi2 Alloy Steel Based on XFEM
Authors: Duan Cheng Hong , Weng Zhi Wei , Luo Xiang Peng , Han Xiang Xiang , Zhao Ming Huang
Published: January 2021

Based on the Paris model of fatigue crack growth theory, the fatigue crack growth behaviour of Center Crack Tension (CCT) specimens of laser melting deposited 12CrNi2 alloy steel is studied by extended finite element method (XFEM). The crack growth rules and fatigue life are analyzed by experiment and finite element simulation. The experimental results are in good agreement with the finite element results, which verifies the accuracy of XFEM method to simulate the fatigue crack growth behaviour of laser melting deposited 12CrNi2 alloy steel components. Based on this, the effects of initial crack direction and load amplitude on fatigue crack growth behaviour are discussed. The results indicate that even if the initial crack direction is different, the crack will finally propagate in a direction perpendicular to the load. With the increase of the load amplitude, the fatigue life of the specimen with initial crack decreases exponentially.