bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complications of endoscopic esophageal stent implantation
Authors: Ivanov A I , Popov V A , Burmistrov M V
Published: February 2021

Endoscopic esophageal stent implantation is an effective method for dysphagia management in malignant esophageal stricture. However, this technology is associated with the risk of many complications, including those fatal to life. These include bleeding, restenosis, stent fragmentation and destruction, stent migration, pneumomediastinum, the formation of esophageal fistulas, perforations, clogging of the stent with food, retrosternal pain, gastroesophageal reflux changes, airway compression, aspiration pneumonia, and fever. The overall complication rate is 3640%. Mortality rates associated with stenting is between 3.9 and 27.2%. Nevertheless, today there are ways to minimize the incidence of complications due to the constant progress of endoscopic technologies and improvements in the design of modern stents. In addition, most endoscopic interventions can manage the vast majority of complications effectively after stent implantation subject to their early detection. Optimal selection of an esophageal stent and careful selection of patients with a low risk of complications associated with stent implantation are important problems in the prevention of complications to achieve high efficiency of stenting. Evaluation of risk factors for possible complications, the design of stents and their characteristics, as well as using modern methods of effective management of possible complications improves the quality and duration of life in incurable patients with esophageal cancer. The review reflects all possible complications of stenting in esophageal and gastroesophageal junction, factors affecting the occurrence of complications, as well as modern and effective methods of their correction and prevention.
Results of orthodontic treatment of a child with asymmetrical micrognathia and the congenital mandibular condylar hyperplasia
Authors: Ayupova F S , Khotko R A , Vinichenko E L , Lovlin V N
Published: February 2021

Aim. To analyze the results of orthodontic treatment of a child with asymmetrical micrognathia and mandiblar condylar hyperplasia.

Methods. The configuration of a face in the photos was evaluated and diagnostic models of the jaws were analyzed by using the Ponts and Korkhaus methods in treatment dynamics. The physiological status of bone tissue, temporomandibular joints and teeth was studied by using orthopantomography and computed tomography. Functional disorders were detected by using special tests, including EschlerBittner's test and Ilyina-Markosyans test. Orthodontic treatment and stimulation of mandibular growth in the mixed dentition stage were undertaken with the single jaw removable appliances and the appliance improved by us for correction of the distal occlusion. The Damon Q bracket system with archwires was used in permanent dentition period.

Results. The child's convex facial profile was typical for distal occlusion and micrognathia. The facial asymmetry, increasing with mouth opening, and a decrease in mandibular range of motion indicated lesion of the right temporomandibular joint. The right condyle was enlarged on the orthopantomogram. The computed tomography showed that it was asymmetrically enlarged and had a cellular structure. There was detected asymmetric micrognathia. The comprehensive rehabilitation plan included orthodontic treatment, myotherapy, speech therapy, mechanotherapy. The use of removable orthodontic appliances led to the normal size of the dentition and their relation, significantly reduced functional disorders and improved facial aesthetics. Five years after completion of orthodontic treatment, the physiological occlusion and amplitude of the mandibular movements remained, but the right mandibular angle was flattened.

Conclusion. The comprehensive rehabilitation of a child with asymmetrical micrognathia and mandibular condylar hyperplasia started in mixed dentition stage provided conditions for the formation of normal permanent dentition and the improvement of functional disorders and facial aesthetics; our results allow us to suggest the positive effect of our tactics for treatment of the patient.
Kalman Filtering using Trigonometric Polynomials for Gear Fault Diagnosis Under a Variable Speed Condition
Authors: Assoumane A , Sekko E , Ravier P
Published: February 2021

It is well known that the presence of cracks on a gear tooth
is manifested by both amplitude modulation (AM) and
phase modulation (PM) and their estimation is crucial
for the diagnosis and prognosis of the state of the gearbox.
In this paper, a new demodulation technique for gear fault
diagnosis is proposed based on Kalman filtering combined
with a polynomial basis function of the rotating speed. First,
the problem of demodulation is formulated in terms of the
state-space modelling of the vibration signal. This is achieved
by approximating the modulations using the orthogonal
trigonometric polynomial function of the rotating speed.
Kalman filtering is then used to estimate the coefficients
of the polynomials in order to reconstruct the modulation
signals. This approach is different from classic approaches
such as the narrowband demodulation technique (NBDT)
or time-synchronous averaging (TSA). The advantages of
the proposed approach over the latter are discussed in this
paper and the efficiency of the new approach is also evaluated
using both synthetic and real gearbox vibration signals.
The Effect of Wear Evolution on Vibration-based Fault Detection in Tapered Roller Bearings
Authors: Rabeyee K , Tang X , Gu F , Ball A D
Published: February 2021

Rolling element bearings (REBs) are typical tribological
components used widely in rotating machines. Their failure
could cause catastrophic damage. Therefore, condition
monitoring of bearings has always had great appeal for
researchers. Usually, the detection and diagnostics of
incipient bearing faults are achieved by characterising the
weak periodic impacts induced by the collision of defective
bearing components. However, race wear evolution, which
is inevitable in bearing applications, can affect the contact
between bearing elements and races, thereby decreasing the
impact magnitudes and impeding detection performance.
In this paper, the effect of wear evolution on the condition
monitoring of rolling bearings is firstly analysed based on
internal clearance changes resulting from the wear effect.
Then, an experimental study is ingeniously designed to
simulate wear evolution and evaluate its influence on wellknown
envelope signatures according to measured vibrations
from widely used tapered roller bearings. The fault type is
diagnosed in terms of two indices: the magnitude variation
of characteristic frequencies and the deviation of such
frequencies. The experimental results indicate a signature
decrease with regard to wear evolution, suggesting that
accurate severity diagnosis needs to take into account both the
wear conditions of the bearing and the signature magnitudes.
Assessment of Information Security Vulnerabilities in Common Seismological Equipment
Authors: Samios Michael , Evangelidis Christos P. , Serrelis Emmanouil
Published: February 2021

Modern seismic and Global Navigation Satellite Systems stations are nowadays equipped with Internet of Things devices that acquire, process, and transmit various geophysical parameters in near-real time.

This technological advance has introduced a new threat paradigm for common seismological devices. Such threats can be assessed with standard information security methods and practices.

This article aims to identify security weaknesses, describe weak security points and potential attacks on such environments, and anticipate the countermeasures needed.

Real tests and attacks have been applied to demonstrate the lack of data encryption and user authentication processes, the risks posed by unencrypted communication protocols, unsafe practices regarding settings and passwords, and poor design implementations.

All these factors may impact and possibly disrupt the daily operation of seismic observatories because they can lead to falsifying data, altering configurations, or producing malicious false alarms. These in turn may cause unnecessary public concern or distrust, financial losses, or even national security issues. For all these reasons, several countermeasures and solutions are also proposed and evaluated to address each of the identified vulnerabilities.
The Most Devastating Earthquake in the Pannonian Basin: 28 June 1763 Komárom
Authors: Varga Péter , Győri Erzsébet , Timár Gábor
Published: February 2021

The 1763 Komárom (now Komárno, Slovakia) earthquake was the biggest historical and recorded seismic event in the Pannonian basin in the last millennium. Contemporary documents including building damage reports from the towns of Komárom, Győr, and other locations, aftershock reports, liquefaction reports, and local surveys of taxpayers’ loss in villages are presented to build all available datasets to evaluate the effects of the quake. Damage in towns was recorded in detail only at the aforementioned two locations. However, the spatial distribution of shaking intensity can be inferred over a larger area from information obtained from other sources. Distributions of secondary environmental effects, aftershocks, and village damage show interesting spatial correlation among them and indicate that the epicenter may have been west of Komárom, north of the Danube River.
Zasoby osobiste skazanych funkcjonujących w systemie resocjalizacji zakładowej i wolnościowej
Authors: Osińska Małgorzata
Published: February 2021

Celem artykułu jest porównanie zasobów osobistych skazanych odbywających kary w izolacji penitencjarnej oraz pozostających pod dozorem kuratorów sądowych. Przy pomocy testów mierzących poczucie własnej skuteczności, samoocenę, radzenie sobie ze stresem, spostrzegane wsparcie społeczne i sprężystość psychiczną przebadano 66 osadzonych i 68 dozorowanych. Wbrew oczekiwaniom skazani charakteryzowali się dość wysokim poziomem większości badanych zasobów. Jednocześnie obie grupy okazały się być do siebie na tyle podobne, że istotne statystycznie różnice ujawniły się tylko w zakresie poziomu samooceny, wsparcia poznawczego i strategii radzenia sobie ze stresem w postaci zażywania substancji psychoaktywnych. Potwierdzono istnienie pozytywnych zależności między badanymi zmiennymi, a dla uzupełnienia analiz zbadano strukturę zasobów podmiotowych w obu grupach. Przedstawiono też ograniczenia i kierunki dalszych badań.
Professional Development Orientation of the Prison Service Officers – Survey Report
Authors: Grudziewska Ewa
Published: February 2021

Przeprowadzone badania dotyczą zainteresowania rozwojem osobowościowym i profesjonalnym funkcjonariuszy Służby Więziennej. Badania przeprowadzono metodą sondażu diagnostycznego przy pomocy Skali Zorientowania na Rozwój Profesjonalny (ZPR) autorstwa Zbigniewa B. Gasia. Objęto nimi 72 funkcjonariuszy Służby Więziennej z Aresztu Śledczego w Lublinie oraz z Zakładu Karnego w Siedlcach. Wyniki wskazują, że badani funkcjonariusze uzyskali nieznacznie wyższy średni wynik w zakresie nastawienia na rozwijanie kompetencji zawodowych aniżeli w zakresie posiadanych cech osobistych. Wśród zmiennych osobowych to wykształcenie i zajmowane stanowisko pracy determinują zainteresowanie rozwojem profesjonalnym, przy czym najbardziej zorientowani na rozwój są strażnicy oraz badani legitymujący się średnim wykształceniem.
Przemoc domowa a funkcjonowanie młodzieży w szkole w okresie adolescencji
Authors: Sałata Elżbieta , Gawryś Ewa
Published: February 2021

Przemoc w rodzinie jest najbardziej dramatycznym, ale również powszechnym problemem społecznym. W stosunku do członków rodziny narusza ich wolność, godność, dobra osobiste i podstawowe prawo do zdrowia i życia. Przemoc w rodzinie ma olbrzymi wpływ na rozwój młodzieży w okresie adolescencji. Fizyczne i psychiczne krzywdy, jakich doświadcza młodzież krzywdzona, ujawniają się w różnej formie i obejmują wszystkie sfery jej życia. Pod wpływem niekorzystnych uwarunkowań rodzinnych występują zakłócenia funkcjonowania młodzieży w szkole i w społeczeństwie. Celem opracowania jest określenie wpływu przemocy w rodzinie na funkcjonowanie młodzieży w środowisku szkolnym i domowym. Przemoc jest bardzo drażliwym tematem, dlatego młodzież potrzebuje wsparcia ze strony każdej instytucji czy osoby, która podejmuje działania interwencyjne związane z zapewnieniem bezpieczeństwa osobom poszkodowanym przemocą oraz z łagodzeniem negatywnych skutków przemocy. Dla zapewnienia większego komfortu młodzieży doznającej przemocy domowej należy systematycznie przeprowadzać szkolenia i warsztaty dla pracowników szkół i instytucji oświatowych, świetlic i klubów środowiskowych oraz pracowników miejskich ośrodków pomocy społecznej na temat pracy z rodziną z problemem przemocy domowej.
Selected Rights of Female Criminals in the Light of Polish and International Legal Regulations in the Context of Crime Theory
Authors: Garncarz Agnieszka Marta , Wysocka Ewa Katarzyna
Published: February 2021

W artykule postawiono tezę o szczególnie niekorzystnej sytuacji kobiet przestępczyń na rynku pracy. Potraktowano to jako negatywną przesłankę efektywnej resocjalizacji. Dowód na słuszność tezy przeprowadzono poprzez wybiórczą prezentację koncepcji wyjaśniających specyfikę przestępczości kobiet, a także trudności w ich resocjalizacji, co wiąże się z nierównym traktowaniem na rynku pracy. Od czasu przystąpienia Polski do Unii Europejskiej sytuacja kobiet związana z równym traktowaniem i dyskryminacją w miejscu pracy znacznie się poprawiła, wciąż jednak pozostaje wiele do zrobienia. Jeśli chodzi o przepisy prawne, kobietom zapewnia się solidną ochronę, lecz nadal istnieje wiele obszarów zaniedbanych. Występuje zwłaszcza duża nierównowaga pomiędzy prawami matek i ojców do urlopu rodzicielskiego, co utrwala stereotyp kobiet jako matek pozostających w domu oraz stawia je w niekorzystnej sytuacji w zakresie dostępu do pracy i rozwiązania stosunku pracy, awansu itp. Pracodawcy postrzegają kobiety jako bardziej kosztorodne i mniej produktywne w pracy niż mężczyźni, co negatywnie wpływa na możliwości zatrudniania kobiet. W artykule podjęto próbę wykazania, że sama zmiana prawa nie jest wystarczająca, gdyż nie zapewnia pełnej i skutecznej ochrony przed dyskryminacją ze względu na płeć w miejscu pracy (co szczególnie widoczne jest w przypadku kobiet przestępczyń). Zmiana postrzegania kobiet przez społeczeństwo ma kluczowe znaczenie, jeśli ich prawa mają być w pełni realizowane. Co więcej, kobiety same muszą znać zakres swoich praw i być gotowe do korzystania z nich bez obawy o bycie dyskryminowanymi w miejscu pracy ze względu na płeć i kryminalną przeszłość.
Wartość programów podtrzymujących więź osadzonych z rodziną z perspektywy procesu inkluzji społecznej
Authors: Badowska-Hodyr Monika
Published: February 2021

W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań będące efektem projektów zrealizowanych w jednostkach penitencjarnych Republiki Czech i Polski. Badania zostały przeprowadzone wśród osadzonych uczestniczących w programach z zakresu integracji rodzin, posiadających dzieci do 15. roku życia. Metodą badawczą był sondaż diagnostyczny. Dokonano analizy ich funkcjonowania w warunkach izolacji więziennej z uwzględnieniem relacji łączących ich z bliskimi i dziećmi. Poruszono także kwestię przepisów i regulacji prawnych dotyczących standardów postępowania penitencjarnego uwzględniającego podtrzymywanie więzi z rodziną. Rezultaty badań potwierdziły, jak bardzo ważny dla osadzonych jest kontakt z rodziną i dziećmi oraz uczestnictwo w programach integracji rodzin. Skoncentrowano się na jednym z istotniejszych środków oddziaływania penitencjarnego, który w aktualnej rzeczywistości penitencjarnej stanowi kluczowy element powodzenia procesu inkluzji społecznej, a tym samym niepowrotności do przestępstwa. To zdecydowanie czynnik chroniący. Badania stanowią wartościową rekomendację do opracowania konkretnych strategii postępowania penitencjarnego, wzmacniających jakość systemu rodzinnego w sytuacji, gdy rodzice odbywają karę pozbawienia wolności. W artykule wskazano również na realizowane w zakładach karnych wyróżniające się programy penitencjarne z zakresu integracji rodzin.
Miskolc as a “Smart City” : Experiences of a Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Molnár László , Nagy Zoltán , Péter Zsolt , Szép Tekla , Szendi Dóra
Published: February 2021

In today’s globalized world the socio-economic role of cities is decisive, therefore they have become one of the most important scenes where responses are given to the complex challenges facing our society. For a city to be successful and competitive, it is necessary to strengthen its flexible resistance, in other words, its resilience. For this purpose, efficient steps could be taken, benefiting from the results of digitization and Industry 4.0, by using smart applications and developments. Nowadays, smart city development and the application of smart/intelligent technologies are gaining an increasing focus in the development of a city. In our study we present the partial results of a primary quantitative research that we conducted in 2019 among the inhabitants of the City of Miskolc, in the age group of 20-64 years. With the help of a questionnaire survey, we were looking for the main focus points that should be given priority in urban smart developments according to the inhabitants’ opinion.Currently, Miskolc is at a medium level in terms of available smart cities technologies – in the inhabitants’ view. According to the opinion of the inhabitants of Miskolc it would be of outstanding importance to introduce smart solutions in the health care, education, safety and fire protection, environmental protection and air pollution.
Study on the differences in quantitative ultrasound of the quadriceps between schoolchildren who practise different sports
Authors: Giraldo García Juan C , Meneses Oquendo Alex N , Hernández Hernández Elena
Published: February 2021

Objective:To evaluate the differences in quantitative ultrasound of the quadriceps in a sample of schoolchildren who practise different sports. Material and method: A transversal, comparative and non-randomised study was carried out with an intentional sample of 184 schoolchildren, aged between 7 and 10 years. The sample was divided into three groups based on the sport practised: a) only soccer; b) volleyball, basketball, swimming, gymnastics and cheerleading; and c) no sport practised. The eco-intensity, thickness and pennation angle of some components of the quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius) were measured using B-mode ultrasound imaging. Results: There were significant differences between the 3 groups of children in the variables that measure the quality of the muscle: eco-intensity and fat percentage of the rectus femoris (p < 0.05), muscle thickness of the anterior (p< 0.05) and lateral (p< 0.01) vastus intermedius, and in the pennation angle of the rectus femoris (ARF) (p< 0.05) and of the vastus lateralis (AVL) (p< 0.01). Between groups b and c there were differences in the ARF in boys (p< 0.01) and in the AVL in girls (p< .05). Conclusion: The way in which sport initiation is carried out in children between 7 and 10 years of age may cause differences in the quadriceps muscle, which can be demonstrated through the use of quantitative ultrasound. Moreover, such differen-ces are related to the duration and frequency of the stimulus, which becomes a qualitative aspect to be considered when programming the training contents at these ages.
A REVIEW ON PULSATING HEAT PIPES: LATEST RESEARCH, APPLICATIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE
Authors: DAVE Chirag , DANDALE Prajwal , SHRİVASTAVA Kushagra , DHAYGUDE Dashrath , RAHANGDALE Kavi , MORE Nilesh
Published: February 2021

Heat pipes have become popular as passive heat dissipation devices for many applications ranging from electronics to heat recovery in recent years. Pulsating Heat Pipe abbreviated as PHP is an exclusive category of a heat pipe which does have wick structure. It transfers heat between its evaporator and condenser sections due to the to and fro movement of working fluid caused due to the continuous change of phase taking place in it. Its operation involves combined hydrodynamic and thermodynamic effects causing the two-phase flow, making it difficult to fully understand it. Nevertheless, the PHPs have drawn the attention of investigators worldwide due to their simplicity in construction and a wide range of applications requiring high heat flux transfer. This review starts with a prologue of the attempts made by various investigators to explain the operation of PHPs through mathematical modeling. Later numerical simulations through Computational Fluid Dynamics of PHP performed by various investigators have been discussed. Review of latest experimental investigations performed on PHPs, is presented concisely in a tabular form. Novel concepts like the application of nanofluids, magnetic field and surfactant, applied for enhancing the performance of the PHPs have been discussed. At the end, applications of PHP and future scope have been discussed.
Disrupting the paradigm: “Children need to learn how to learn”
Authors: Clark Beverley , Hughson Hilda
Published: February 2021

The views that early childhood teachers have of children and childhood are informed by the rhetoric and theories of early childhood, their cultures, life stories, philosophies, and ongoing practices as teachers. In Aotearoa New Zealand, Te Whāriki, the legislated national curriculum for early childhood education, further guides early childhood teachers’ practice and frames teachers’ image of the young child. This article confronts and critiques a short phrase that is an addition to the revised Te Whāriki curriculum document, specifically the phrase that children “need to learn how to learn”. This phrase implies that young children do not know how to learn. The implication in this utterance belies the intense drive that children have to learn, to play, to explore, and to understand as they grow in strength in their sense of self within their whānau and communities. We care about the image that this presents to student teachers, to teachers. We challenge whether the notion that children need to learn how to learn is the image that early childhood teachers hold, or want to hold, of children. We argue that this phrase and image of the child as needing to learn how to learn is a loose thread in the whāriki that potentially undermines and is counter to the more dominant concept within Te Whāriki of the competent child.
Identifying the missing link between shadow education and academic success: Features of private supplementary tutoring in South Korea
Authors: Kim Young Chun , McVey Michael , Jung Jung-Hoon
Published: February 2021

Shadow education or private supplementary tutoring has become an international phenomenon as increasing numbers of students seek help beyond traditional schooling for academic achievement. The positive relationship between students’ academic achievement and participation in shadow education has been previously reported. However, the manner in which shadow education practices can help students to gain and maintain higher academic achievement remains understudied. In response, this study explored the features of shadow education practices that may benefit the academic achievement of students, particularly those in South Korea but with relevance beyond the South Korean context. Using qualitative research methods, this study revealed that preview learning from/with private supplementary tutors, academic mastery learning of subject knowledge and skills, training skills for school exams, and solving students’ individual learning difficulties through intensive coaching are contributing factors to improving academic achievement.
Meliponiculture in agroforestry systems in Belterra, Pará, Brazil
Authors: Viana Ana Paula Silva , Pauletto Daniela , Gama João Ricardo Vasconcellos , Pires Adcléia Pereira , Freitas Hierro Hassler , Pacheco Aline
Published: February 2021

In this study we characterized the honey production in agroforestry systems and inventing the species visited by stingless bees in the region of Belterra, Pará. We used a questionnaire applied to honey producers with questions that addressed socioeconomic conditions and the production of stingless bees, as well the plant species visited by bees. Fifteen percent of bee breeders have meliponiculture as their main economic activity and 54% live of 1 or 2 minimum wages. The time in meliponiculture activity ranges from 2 to over 40 years. According to the interviewees, they dedicate themselves to meliponiculture due to their affinity with the activity and their awareness of the environmental importance of the bees. The greatest obstacles cited was the deforestation and the use of pesticides, which, according to them, implies a reduction in the production of honey, the main product sold. The agroforestry systems (SAFs) where the meliponaries are inserted present, according to the interviewees, 38 forest species distributed in 21 botanical families. Fruit species predominated, characteristics of primary and secondary forest, indicating potential for introduction into agroforestry yards or other intercropped systems, minimizing the costs of implanting and maintaining meliponaries.
O feminismo na música “Por mais 3 horas” de Marília Mendonça
Authors: Maria Pereira do Sacramento Sandra , Da Silva Vanessa Roma
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo busca compreender a construção do discurso feminista na canção Por Mais 3 Horas interpretada por Marília Mendonça, considerando o gênero sertanejo como um dos mais populares e influentes no Brasil. A música em questão, aborda, em primeiro plano, o tema relacionamento casual sem intenção de matrimônio. A análise da mesma objetiva verificar a emancipação feminina contida na canção como forma de romper com o modelo patriarcal ainda vigente. Esse estudo é relevante para repensarmos de que forma a mulher é representada pela música sertaneja no atual cenário brasileiro.
Gil Vicente e as cênicas pedagógicas da moral cristã
Authors: Duarte Andreia Karine
Published: February 2021

Conforme a divisão de 1562 dos filhos de Gil Vicente sobre seus textos. Neste trabalho, analisaremos três peças do conjunto de obras de Devoção (o Auto da Barca do Inferno, o Auto da Barca do Purgatório e o Auto da Barca da Glória) e uma da categoria Tragicomédias (a Romagem dos Agravados). Esta última é uma crítica sobre as insatisfações da sociedade portuguesa e as outras peças, uma reflexão sobre o julgamento das almas (representantes dos indivíduos portugueses). A desmoralização das regras cristãs, o abandono da fé e a ambição social eram as principais críticas de Gil Vicente nessas peças. Em meio às nuanças dos “novos” pensamentos da Renascença, efusão das grandes viagens comerciais náuticas e os surtos de pestes, Portugal se via sob os reinados de D. Manuel I e D. João III em pleno desenvolvimento político e intenso incentivo à atividade intelectual e cultural. Nesse cenário atuara Gil Vicente, poeta da corte lusa no início do século XVI. A cênica vicentina tinha um compromisso pedagógico, pois ensinava as práticas corretas para a formação de um bom cristão. Neste artigo, iremos verificar alguns modelos e contramodelos de comportamento para a Salvação propostos por Gil Vicente à sociedade portuguesa do século XVI, assim como entender, quais eram as críticas do teatrólogo e sua percepção de uma sociedade ideal.
Centauros e gaúchos - o surgimento da figura mítica “Centauro dos pampas”
Authors: Soares da Silva Giacomolli Dóris Helena
Published: February 2021

O processo de formação da imagem do gaúcho sul-rio-grandense está estreitamente relacionado com o cavalo, o que culminará na aproximação definitiva de sua imagem à figura desse animal. O homem do pampa, inseparável dos cavalos, se cristaliza na cultura popular. Esse trabalho ressalta a importância da literatura na consolidação dessa relação entre a figura do gaúcho e o mito do centauro, pois ainda que o surgimento dessa concepção não se dê na literatura e sim no processo de formação da imagem do gaúcho, o que antecede à literatura gauchesca, a literatura imortaliza essa percepção. Dessa aproximação entre os centauros e gaúchos surgirá, então, uma criatura mitificada, estilizada e cultuada na literatura fazendo surgir expressões como “Rio Grande a cavalo” e “centauro dos pampas”. Este trabalho estabelecerá esta e outras relações entre o personagem Capitão Rodrigo de “Um certo Capitão Rodrigo” de O continente primeiro volume da trilogia O tempo e o vento, texto épico regional do escritor Erico Verissimo e a figura mitológica, o centauro. O artigo pretende deter-se especialmente nas relações de sexualidade, luxúria, violência, embriaguez, instinto bestial e ações irracionais do Rodrigo Cambará que o fazem aproximar-se irremediavelmente do centauro, criatura resultante do estupro da nuvem Nephele, na antiga Grécia.
Ensino de inglês para fins específicos em dois cursos da Universidade Estadual de Londrina: relato de experiência
Authors: Liberatti Elisângela Lorena
Published: February 2021

O propósito deste artigo é fazer um relato de experiência do ensino de inglês para fins específicos em dois cursos de graduação da Universidade Estadual de Londrina: Jornalismo e Matemática Empresarial. As disciplinas foram lecionadas no segundo semestre de 2017 e cada uma teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de habilidades linguísticas diversas – ao passo que a disciplina de Jornalismo trabalhou com a compreensão escrita, desenvolvendo a habilidade leitora nos alunos, a disciplina de Matemática Empresarial trabalhou com a compreensão e a produção oral, desenvolvendo as habilidades de listening e speaking. Os objetivos de cada disciplina nortearam a seleção de materiais, a dinâmica de sala de aula e as formas e critérios de avaliação. Apesar da heterogeneidade linguística presente em cada turma, podemos concluir que as disciplinas cumpriram com seus objetivos, atendendo as necessidades específicas de cada contexto de ensino-aprendizagem.

Palavras-chave: ensino de inglês para fins específicos; compreensão escrita no ensino de língua inglesa; compreensão e produção oral no ensino de língua inglesa.
Processos de retextualização: aparato teórico-metodológico
Authors: Nunes Valfrido Da Silva
Published: February 2021

Este artigo resulta de um apanhado teórico, em cujo cerne assenta-se a questão da retextualização. O objetivo principal é discutir a problemática referida, à luz da Linguística Textual, especialmente por meio da contribuição seminal de Luiz Antonio Marcuschi, e de produções acadêmica filiadas a esse mesmo campo do saber. Nesse sentido, discutem-se as concepções de língua e de texto adotadas no trabalho e elucida-se o conceito de retextualização e os desdobramentos que a questão suscita, tais como: a) as várias possibilidades de retextualização; b) a retextualização nas diversas instâncias da vida social; c) um breve panorama dos estudos sobre retextualização no Brasil; d) a retextualização da fala para a escrita e o modelo de análise proposto por Marcuschi (2010); e) a relação entre retextualização e fenômenos assemelhados (reescrita, refacção e revisão).
A (IN)ADEQUAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA TRIBUTÁRIA ADOTADA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL DA REGIÃO AMAZÔNICA
Authors: Miguel Luciano Costa , Da Silva Romeu Faria Thomé
Published: February 2021

Ante a relevância ambiental e geopolítica da Amazônia, o presente trabalho visa realizar uma análise crítica dos instrumentos tributários implementados na região amazônica com vistas a conciliar o desenvolvimento socioeconômico à preservação do rico bioma ali existente. Objetiva-se verificar se as políticas públicas fiscais aplicadas para o desenvolvimento econômico da região, por meio da atual configuração dos incentivos fiscais da Zona Franca de Manaus (ZFM), das atuais alíquotas e isenções do IPVA e da não instituição do ICMS ecológico, encontram-se ou não em consonância com os direitos sociais e ambientais. Conclui-se que a política tributária adotada na região é omissa em sua dimensão ambiental, pouco contribuindo para uma redução dos índices de desmatamento e para um desenvolvimento socioeconômico mais equilibrado. 

 
A TUTELA JURÍDICA DO MEIO AMBIENTE E OS IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS CAUSADOS POR USINAS HIDRELÉTRICAS: O CASO DA MORTANDADE DE PEIXES NO RIO ARAGUARI, AMAPÁ-BRASIL
Authors: Figueira Claudecilia Chaves de Oliveira , Brito Daguinete Maria Chaves
Published: February 2021

Este artigo aborda teorias acerca dos impactos socioambientais causados pela construção e operação da Usina Hidrelétricas Ferreira Gomes, com enfoque sobre a mortandade de peixes ocorrida em 2014, no rio Araguari, Amapá. O objetivo é discutir os impactos socioambientais decorrentes do empreendimento frente ao princípio do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Metodologicamente, utilizou-se abordagem qualitativa, baseada no método indutivo, com pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados mostram que o dano ambiental está associado à operação da usina, gerando perda de biodiversidade, atingindo diretamente a atividade pesqueira, precipuamente a artesanal e de subsistência, impactando a economia local e a qualidade de vida da população.
ESTADO PRISIONAL E POLÍTICA CARCERÁRIA NO PARÁ
Authors: Cardoso Luis Fernando Cardoso e , Reis Netto Roberto Magno , Gomes Herick Wendell Antônio José
Published: February 2021

 Nas últimas décadas do século XX, o capitalismo passou por um novo momento. Houve uma reconfiguração do capital e das relações de classes e de trabalho, o que causou um aumento substancial do desemprego, da pobreza e da exclusão social, que, por sua vez, aumentou substancialmente a criminalidade. O presente estudo, nessa perspectiva, buscou investigar como o Estado prisional foi adotado como política de segurança pública no Brasil. Com base na análise de dados oficiais do Sistema Penal, verifica-se que se destinam consideráveis recursos financeiros ao encarceramento seletivo da população, em detrimento de ações previdenciárias e assistenciais, evidenciando-se que o Estado assumiu o encarceramento como uma das políticas de controle social.
ÍNDICE DE SUSTENTABILIDADE DE BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS: ESTUDO DE CASO DAS SUB-BACIAS DO BATATÃ E MARACANÃ, SÃO LUÍS/MA
Authors: Soares Leonardo Silva , Castro Antônio Carlos Leal de , Silva Marcelo Henrique Lopes , Silva Edson Vicente da
Published: February 2021

Este artigo objetiva avaliar a aplicação do Índice de Sustentabilidade de Bacias Hidrográficas como subsídio para formulação de políticas públicas de conservação para as sub-bacias hidrográficas do Batatã e Maracanã, São Luís, Maranhão. O índice é composto por quatro dimensões: Ambiental, Qualidade de Água, Socioeconômica e Político-Institucional. As dimensões são compostas por indicadores e estes, em alguns casos, por variáveis básicas, obtidas em campo e laboratório. Comparativamente, os valores obtidos para a sub-bacia do Batatã foram superiores em relação à sub-bacia do Maracanã em todas as dimensões analisadas.
Synthesis of a Luneburg lens with a flat surface using quasi-conformal transformation optics
Authors: Lazarev Andrey V. , Kiselev Andrey Yu. , Bobreshov Anatoly M. , Uskov Grigory K.
Published: February 2021

Annotation In modern systems of radiolocation, navigation and communication, the requirements for antennas are becoming higher requirements every year, namely: operation in a wide frequency range, the ability to change of direction of the main lobe of the radiation pattern. Antenna systems with similar characteristics can be built using dielectric antenna beamforming structures. One of these structures is the Luneberg lens, the peculiarity of which is its spherical symmetry. However, the curved surface of this lens significantly complicates the placement of transmitting and receiving elements along it, which increases the complexity of constructing the entire antenna system. This paper proposes an algorithm for constructing a Luneberg lens with a flat surface. The lens was synthesized using the method of quasi-conformal optical transformations, the mathematical algorithm of which is also described in this work. The paper also presents the results of mathematical modeling of the antenna system using a Luneberg lens with a flat surface at different positions of the emitter relative to the center of the lens, as well as different cut angles. The simulation results show that the synthesized lens can be used to construct a multi-beam antenna system that allows the direction of the main lobe of the antenna radiation pattern to be rearranged over a wide range of angles. However, the scanning angles of this system are limited by the lens geometry, the larger the maximum scanning angle we choose, the more significant the influence of the side lobes on the radiation pattern becomes.
RUSSIAN FORMAL AND INFORMAL EDUCATION: SIBERIAN EXPERIENCE OF A DIALOGUE OF CULTURES
Authors: Dmitrievna Nikolaeva Alla , Vladimirovich Chudinovskikh Alexander , Vasilievna Sitnikova Natalia , Stepanovna Semenova Svetlana
Published: February 2021

Purpose of the research: This article aims to find national commonalities that will help ensure the harmonization of interethnic relations and create a unified educational space of the country, considering national and regional characteristics inherent in the subjects of the Russian Federation. Methodology: The methods were determined by the specifics of theoretical and historical research: systemic, historiographic, axiological, and socio-cultural approaches to the research of the school education evolution; the research and analysis of archival and historical-literary sources, including materials of dissertations and applied research on the educational problems in Yakutia; the documents of the People’s Commissariat of Education: orders, instructions, circular letters, statistical reports, and others, and reference materials, containing specific information on the problem under discussion. Main Findings: The research and use of domestic historical experience identified the continuity between the school of the past and the present, to creatively interpret and preserve all the valuable lessons from the experience of domestic and foreign pedagogy. Application of this research: It was revealed and established that this was necessary due to the diversity of natural-geographical, demographic, ethnic, cultural, educational, and other conditions in Russia and the search for solutions to difficult problems of interethnic cooperation. Our research aims to identify value- and activity-based foundations that underlie the activities of political exiles and ethno-pedagogical experience in Yakutia. Novelty/Originality of this research: The research opens up prospects for fundamental scientific and applied research in the field of pre-revolutionary history of pedagogy and education, the development of cultural dialogue ideas related to the problems of education, the scientific substantiation of modern innovative strategies for education in national regions.
Exposición ocupacional a radiaciones ultravioleta UVA/UVB de los trabajadores agrícolas de la provincia de Cartago, Costa Rica
Authors: Araya-Solano Tannia , Arias-Monge Esteban , Robles-Ramírez Andrés , Villalobos-Rodríguez Ara
Published: February 2021

La radiación ultravioleta constituye una fuente de riesgo para el sector agrícola; en Costa Rica no se han publicado datos sobre la exposición a este agente físico. Por tal motivo, se desarrolló una investigación exploratoria con dos asociaciones de agricultores ubicadas en la zona norte y El Guarco, en la provincia de Cartago, cuyo objetivo fue el de cuantificar el nivel de radiación ultravioleta al que se exponen los colaboradores de las zonas agrícolas, así como estimar la dosis eritema estándar y establecer una matriz para determinar el nivel de riesgo por exposición a la radiación solar. Las mediciones iniciaron en noviembre de 2015 y finalizaron en enero de 2017,  en horario de  6:00 hasta las 15:00 horas aproximadamente, iniciando en noviembre de 2015 y finalizando en enero de 2017 ; se aplicaron métodos estadísticos como  promedios ponderados, máximos, mínimos y desviación estándar de los datos obtenidos y una encuesta a los trabajadores para determinar el fototipo de piel y las zonas de esta más expuestas. 
Los principales resultados mostraron que la irradiación mínima reportada fue de 1,9 W/cm2 y la máxima, de 160,9 W/cm2; los niveles promedio más altos se reportaron entre las 10:00 y las 13:00 horas. La época del año con mayor nivel de irradiación fue la seca, en la zona alta, con 167 W/cm2 como máximo. La dosis eritema estándar estuvo entre 2,3 SED y 9,8 SED, que sobrepasa lo recomendado por la Comisión Internacional de Iluminación (1,09 SED). El índice de radiación ultravioleta se encontró entre 8 y 12, clasificado como alto y muy alto. Bajo las condiciones descritas podría aumentar el riesgo para los colaboradores de las fincas agrícolas, de eritemas en la piel. Se planteó la matriz de riesgo por exposición, tomando en cuenta aspectos como tarea o puesto, altitud, época del año, nivel de irradiación, parte del cuerpo expuesta y fototipo de piel.
Diseño de un Plan Estratégico de Investigación y Extensión para la Escuela de Computación del TEC
Authors: Garita-Rodríguez César , Arroyo-Herrera Mauricio , González-Espinoza Manuel Enrique
Published: February 2021

Actualmente las carreras de Computación en la Educación Superior enfrentan retos importantes relacionados con el ejercicio de la investigación y la extensión, como parte de las actividades sustantivas de toda universidad para responder a las necesidades sociales.  Estos retos incluyen, por ejemplo, el desarrollo de competencias del recurso humano, la atracción de fondos y la creación de redes de colaboración internacionales.  Para responder a ellos, es fundamental para las escuelas o unidades académicas contar con un plan estratégico de investigación y extensión, que contenga las principales metas, actividades e indicadores, para un periodo establecido.  En este artículo se describe en detalle la metodología aplicada exitosamente por la Escuela de Computación del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica en el diseño de un plan estratégico quinquenal de investigación y extensión de forma eficaz y con resultados concretos.  Esta metodología permitió trabajar en el diseño de manera democrática y acorde con el órgano consultivo, mediante la organización de un conjunto de etapas y actividades definidas, y puede resultar útil como referencia para otras escuelas de computación en Latinoamérica.
The Origins of Incivility in Nursing: How Reconstruction-Era Policies and Organizations Impacted Social Behavior within the Nursing Profession
Authors: Samman Erika
Published: February 2021

Historians and scholars from varied disciplines acknowledge the existence of race-based discriminatory policies at the turn of the 20th century. However, little attention has been given to how the Freedmen's Bureau and Black Codes in post-Civil War Reconstruction shaped and impacted social behavior within the nursing profession. This article sheds light on the origins of incivility in nursing by taking a closer look at how early Reconstruction-era policies, structures of hierarchy in the U.S. armed forces, and its nursing corps and in the Red Cross, impacted the profession. The argument is made that the tandem workings of these policies and organizations, which produced racially insensitive and discriminatory practices, primed and erected systems of structural racism that perpetuated incivility within the nursing profession.
AlteraciÃ³n en los HÃ¡bitos del Consumidor Saltillense a Consecuencia del COVID-19
Authors: MÃ©ndez Wong Adriana , Villarreal Cavazos Juana Alicia , Aguilar GarcÃ©s Elizabeth Ana
Published: February 2021

El estudio pretende indagar sobre la modificaciÃ³n en el comportamiento del consumidor saltillense debido a la contingencia por la epidemia del nuevo coronavirus COVID-19. El trabajo incluyÃ³ a 354 participantes adultos residentes en la Ciudad de Saltillo, Coahuila, MÃ©xico. La muestra estÃ¡ conformada por 195 mujeres, es decir, un 55.1% y 159 hombres lo que constituye un 44.9%. Se realiza un trabajo de tipo Cuantitativo, exploratorio, descriptivo y transversal no experimental. Las preguntas son categÃ³ricas y la escala de respuesta es tipo Likert del 1 al 7, validando un instrumento de 25 elementos obteniendo un Alfa de Cronbach .786. Con base en las variables analizadas se infiere que los saltillenses se han vuelto consumidores mÃ¡s racionales, prefiriendo alimentos caseros, cuidando sus gastos, preocupÃ¡ndose por el futuro y extraÃ±ando la experiencia de comprar en tiendas fÃ­sicas favoreciendo las ventas por internet y el servicio a domicilio. Y concluye que existe un nuevo perfil de consumidor no solo en Saltillo, sino a nivel mundial, que procura el bienestar en su salud, modificando hÃ¡bitos alimenticios y conductuales adaptÃ¡ndose a esta nueva normalidad.
 
The study aims to investigate the modification in the behavior of the Saltillo consumer due to the contingency caused by the epidemic of the new coronavirus COVID-19. The work included 354 adult participants residing in the City of Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. The sample is made up of 195 women, that is, 55.1% and 159 men, which constitutes 44.9%. A quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and non-experimental cross-sectional work is carried out. The questions are categorical and the response scale is Likert type from 1 to 7, validating an instrument of 25 elements obtaining a Cronbach's Alpha .786. Based on the variables analyzed, it can be inferred that the people of Saltillo have become more rational consumers, preferring homemade foods, taking care of their expenses, worrying about the future and missing the experience of buying in physical stores, favoring internet sales and home delivery. And it concludes that there is a new consumer profile not only in Saltillo, but also worldwide, which seeks the well-being in their health, modifying eating and behavioral habits, adapting to this new normal.
Sistemas de InformaciÃ³n de Marketing Integral: Factores que Contribuye a Mejorar el DesempeÃ±o de las MIPyMES
Authors: Torres Margarita RamÃ­rez , Estrada Isaac Cruz , Miranda Zavala Ana MarÃ­a
Published: February 2021

El presente trabajo de investigaciÃ³n tiene como objetivo mostrar los factores de los Sistemas de InformaciÃ³n de Marketing integral que contribuyen a mejorar el desempeÃ±o de las MIPyMES basada en la comunicaciÃ³n organizacional. Para la realizaciÃ³n del estudio se entrevistaron a 385 dueÃ±os de MIPyMES; los datos recopilados se analizaron mediante mÃ©todo de estadÃ­stica inferencial de componentes principales. Como resultados, se obtuvo los factores del entorno interno, entre los que se encuentran el intercambio de informaciÃ³n de marketing en la empresa, el conocimiento del cliente y las acciones de estratÃ©gicas de marketing; siendo el factor con mayor impacto la relaciÃ³n directa entre el personal de marketing y las Ã¡reas operativas para la creaciÃ³n de productos y servicios en beneficio del consumidor y las MIPyMES.
 
The present research work aims to show the factors of comprehensive Marketing Information Systems that improve the performance of MIPyMES based on organizational communication. To carry out the study, 385 owners of MIPyMES were interviewed; the collected data were analyzed using the principal component inferential statistics method. As results, the factors of the internal environment were obtained, among which are the exchange of marketing information in the company, knowledge of the client and strategic marketing actions; the factor with the greatest impact being the direct relationship between marketing personnel and operational areas for the creation of products and services for the benefit of the consumer and MSMEs.