bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Principal evaluation in the United States: A national review of state statutes and regulations
Authors: Nielsen Sarah R. , Lavigne Alyson L.
Published: September 2020

The growing recognition of how much principals matter for student learning and how they make a difference has fueled the need to ensure that effective principals are leading every school. One way to achieve this is through principal evaluation, which has experienced significant changes in the last decade. We conducted a national exploratory study (50 states) to document the trends in and provide an illustration of the current situation of states’ principal evaluation policies and practices. Using literature-based themes, our analysis of state statutes and regulations revealed that a majority of states have policies requiring at least one literature-based element. Only four (8%) states had statutes and/or regulations regarding allelements of principal evaluation that have been noted in the literature. Student achievement measures were the most common component—required in 66% of states. In addition, most states required principal evaluators to be trained and principals to be evaluated annually. We propose that future research focuses on the validity and reliability of measures and models used for principal evaluation—two aspects rarely addressed in principal evaluation policies—to ensure principal performance is meeting the needs of students, teachers, and schools.
LEGAL OPINION: Does China Can Be Sued for The Global Pandemic?
Authors: Hari Hananto Pulung Widhi
Published: September 2020

This legal opinion will be constructed on the current issues and chronological basis of following facts: 1. Chinese authorities have chosen denial, censorship and bluster during the early stages of the virus progression rather than the transparency that might save lives. 2 The China government blocked the COVID agenda at the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). 3. The China’s regime transmission of patently false information has made matter worse. 4. In addition, China has deliberately gives incorrect data to WHO.
Toward Model-Based Integration Specifications to Secure the Extended Enterprise
Authors: Krima Sylvere , Toussaint Marion , Feeney Allison Barnard
Published: September 2020

With the growing digitalization of manufacturing and the associated reliance on digital data, manufacturers, their supply chains, and their customers are exposed to many and varied digital threats. One such digital threat is compromised integrity of the data produced and consumed, the result of data tampering, either intentional (i.e., cyberattacks) or unintentional (e.g., human or system error). Because of the reliance on digital data, data tampering can lead to serious damage in the physical world, such as structurally weaker or functionally different parts. In the cybersecurity world, a key factor in the cost of a digital threat is the mean time to identify and contain that threat. Because of the complexity of today’s goods and the distributed nature of supply chains, designing, manufacturing, and distributing a product involves a significant number of heterogeneous information systems operating on both business and engineering data. These systems are integrated to consume data from each other in a high-volume and fast-paced environment where tampered data can be quickly propagated across many systems and organizations. To promptly identify the “infected” systems and contain the threat, an efficient data traceability strategy is required. Although we have previously developed traceability methods for file-based and agent-based integrations, this paper discusses the need for and benefits of traceability at the data field level, supported by model-based integration specifications (or data mappings). We then present a state of the art of existing formal integration definition methods. Finally, we conclude with an evaluation of these methods.
Congress Mania in Brussels, 1846–1856
Authors: Aubin David
Published: September 2020

In 1853, the director of the Belgium Royal Observatory, Adolphe Quetelet, welcomed delegates from several countries to two consecutive meetings that have acquired considerable reputation as the first international congresses of, respectively, meteorology and statistics. This paper examines the local context where several similar international congresses (on free trade, universal peace, prison reform, public hygiene, etc.) were organized in the same decade. It argues that the new Belgian state developed this new form of international conference in order to bolster its soft power in the Concert of Nations. It also discusses tensions between national interests and global beliefs in the efficiency of science, which arose from these congresses.

This essay is part of a special issue entitled Science Diplomacy, edited by Giulia Rispoli and Simone Turchetti.
Understanding Defensive Stocks with Company Fundamentals and Dividend Policy Variables as Moderation
Authors: Mahfudz Ali , Wijayanto Andhi
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Return on Equity, Firm Size, Debt Equity Ratio and Price Earning Ratio on return defensive stocks with Dividend Policy as Variable Moderation in Manufacturing Companies. The study population was manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2018. There were 61 companies sampled using purposive sampling techniques. The analytical method uses multiple linear analysis and moderated Regression analysis. The results showed the Firm Size variable had a significant positive effect and the DER variable had no significant positive effect while the ROE and PER variables had no significant negative effect on return defensive stocks. The MRA test states that the Dividend Payout Ratio variable strengthens the effect of Firm Size on return defensive stocks while the ROE, DER and PER variables are weakened by the effect on return defensive stocks by dividend policy. Future studies are expected to use other variables that might increase or decrease stock returns.
Enhanced production of cellulase by Escherichia coli engineered with UV-mutated cellulase gene from Aspergillus niger UVMT-I
Authors: Daud Qurat-ul-ain , Hamid Zara , Sadiq Tayyaba , Abbas Asif , Shah Shahzad Hussain , Khan Muhammad Imran Mehmood , Asghar Muhammad , Zafar Muddassar
Published: September 2020

Enhanced cellulase production was studied with ultraviolet mutagenesis and the mutated cellulase gene in E. coli DH5α was cloned for production under controlled conditions. Aspergillus niger inoculum was exposed to UV radiation for different time intervals. The UV exposure of 10 min to A. niger yielded 330 μmol/min/mg specific activity. The mRNA of mutant A. niger yielding maximum enzyme activity was isolated and used for the synthesis of cDNA. The cDNA prepared from mRNA was used for the PCR amplification of mutated cellulase gene with primers designed on the basis of a cellulase gene database from A. niger. The amplified cellulase gene was cloned into E. coli DH5α followed by expression in E. coli BL21. The cellulase activity by wild type A. niger, A. niger UVMT-I, and recombinant E. coli was compared by analysis of variance test. The specific activity of cellulase by recombinant E. coli was maximum (441 μmol/min/mg), followed by A. niger UVMT-I (330 μmol/min/mg) and wild type A. niger (96 μmol/min/mg).
The Implementation of KWL (Know, Want to Know, and Learned) to Improve Students’ Reading Comprehension
Authors: Sholeh Agus , Rosalina Novita Elok , Weganova, Riza
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTThis study focused on enhancing students’ reading comprehension through the implementation of K-W-L (know, want to know, and learned) strategy at the secondary level. The purpose of K-W-L strategy is to offer construction for stimulating and building students’ schemata, to create a determination of their reading, and to conclude what they acknowledged before. This research applied Classroom Action Research based on the model suggested by Taggart and Kemmis (1998), consisting of five stages: preliminary study, planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The students were asked what they know about the topic, what they wanted to know about the topic and then what they learned from the text after they had read the written text. Based on the findings of the study, this K-W-L strategy trained students to be brave to present in front of the class to share their ideas with their friends, and it also assured other students to keep on listening and appreciating their friends’ comprehension of the text being studied. It is, therefore, strongly suggested that the English teachers at Junior High School use the K-W-L strategy to improve students’ reading comprehension. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini berfokus pada peningkatan pemahaman membaca siswa melalui pengimplementasian strategi KWL (know, want to know, and learned). Tujuan dari strategi KWL ini adalah untuk menstimulasi dan membangun skemata siswa, menciptakan determinasi dalam membaca, dan menggunakan informasi yang telah mereka miliki sebelumnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas berdasarkan model yang disarankan oleh Taggart dan Kemmis, yang terdiri darilima tahap, yakni, studi pendahuluan, perencanaan, pengimplementasian, pengobservasian, dan refleksi. Para siswa diberi pertanyaan terkait apa yang mereka ketahui tentang topik tersebut, apa yang mereka ingin ketahui terkait topik tersebut, dan apa yang telah mereka peroleh setelah mereka membaca teks yang diberi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, strategi KWL ini melatih siswa untuk memiliki keberanian dalam berekspresi di depan kelas dan membagikan ide dan opini mereka kepada teman-temannya. Selain itu, strategi ini juga melatih siswa untuk mengapresiasi pemahaman yang dimiliki oleh teman yang sedang melakukan presentasi di depan kelas. Oleh karena itu, peneliti menyarankan guru Bahasa inggris di tingkat sekoah menengah pertama untuk menerapkan strategi KWL untuk meningkatkan pemahaman membaca siswa. How to Cite: Sholeh, A., Rosalina, N. E., Weganofa, R. (2020). The Implementation of KWL (Know, Want to Know, and Learned) to Improve Students’ Reading Comprehension. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 7(1), 22-31. doi:10.15408/ijee.v7i1.15541
Increasing EFL Students’ Writing Skill Using Jigsaw and Online Searching Strategy
Authors: Isgiarno Yofita Christy , Cahyono Bambang Yudi , Rahmaningtyas Hasti
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTWriting is the practice of reaching out to one's mind and exploring it creatively. In writing activity, the writer should have accurate information, strong arguments, and good knowledge of organization and mechanics before delivering their ideas. However, in schools, writing is commonly considered as the most difficult skill to learn by the students of English as a foreign language (EFL). The problems of EFL students’ writing could refer to the five aspects of writing: content, organization, language use, vocabulary, and mechanics. This research aimed to increase the quality of the teaching and learning process in the classroom in order to improve EFL students’ writing skills by using the Jigsaw and Online Searching Strategy (JOSS). It used Action Research as the research design and was conducted in the tenth grade of Ilmu Bahasa dan Budaya (Language and Culture) class of Public Senior High School (SMA Negeri) 2 in Malang, East Java, Indonesia, which consisted of 22 students. The result showed that all of the students have passed the criteria of success and given good responses to the implementation of JOSS. Therefore, it is suggested that English teachers consider using JOSS as a teaching strategy to improve tenth-grade students’ writing skills.ABSTRAKMenulis merupakan aktivitas menjangkau pikiran seseorang dan menyampaikannya secara kreatif. Di dalam aktivitas menulis, penulis perlu mempunyai informasi yang akurat, argumen yang kuat, serta pengetahuan yang baik mengenai struktur teks dan mekanik dalam menulis sebelum menyampaikan ide-idenya. Namun, di sekolah-sekolah, menulis dipandang sebagai kemampuan yang paling sulit untuk dikuasai oleh para siswa yang mempelajari bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing. Masalah dalam menulis dapat ditemukan dalam lima aspek tulisan yaitu isi, struktur teks, tata bahasa, kosakata, dan mekanik dalam menulis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam kelas untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa dalam belajar bahasa Inggris dengan menggunakan jigsaw dan pencarian informasi secara daring. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 2 Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, pada kelas sepuluh Ilmu Bahasa dan Budaya yang terdiri atas 22 siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semua siswa telah mencapai kriteria kesuksesan dan memberikan respon yang baik mengenai penerapan strategi jigsaw dan pencarian informasi secara daring. Oleh sebab itu, guru bahasa Inggris disarankan untuk menggunakan strategi tersebut sebagai salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa kelas sepuluh. How to Cite: Isgiarno, Y. C., Cahyono, B.Y., Rahmaningtyas, H. (2020). Increasing EFL Students’ Writing Skill Using Jigsaw and Online Searching Strategy. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 7(1), 95-108. doi:10.15408/ijee.v7i1.16383
A Morphological Error Analysis of Students’ Written Reports on Indonesia’s 2014 Presidential Election
Authors: Dinamika Soraya Grabiella , Siregar Elitaria B.A.
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTThis study, conducted at the Department of English Literature of Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU), aimed to investigate the morphological errors made by university students in their report texts on Indonesia’s Presidential Election in 2014. The objectives of this qualitative and descriptive study were to: a) find out the most predominant morphological errors made by the students; b) investigate the sources causing the errors; and c) suggest appropriate remediation for identified morphological errors. In analyzing the data, the Error Analysis theory, espoused by Gass and Selinker (2008), was applied as it provides six systematic procedures in overcoming L2 learning errors. Results of the analysis revealed that the students respectively made significant morphological errors in: a) the use of derivational morphemes with 46 errors (51%); b) the use of inflectional morphemes with 43 errors (47%); and c) the use of affixes with two errors (2%). The morphological error made by the students was caused by two primary sources, the interlanguage and intralanguage errors. To address these problematic areas, the researchers have suggested several pedagogical remediations to follow up.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesalahan morfologi yang dibuat oleh mahasiswa Departemen Sastra Inggris Universitas Sumatera Utara, dalam teks laporan yang mereka tulis tentang Pemilihan Presiden Tahun 2014. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk; a) mencari tahu jenis kesalahan morfologi apa yang paling banyak terjadi; b) mencari tahu sumber penyebab kesalahan; dan c) memberikan langkah-langkah yang sesuai untuk mengatasi kesalahan morfologi. Dalam menganalisis data, teori yang digunakan adalah Teori Analisis Kesalahan yang digubah oleh Gass & Selinker pada tahun 2008, karena teori ini memuat enam prosedur lengkap dalam menangani masalah kesalahan pembelajaran bahasa kedua. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil analisis data mengemukakan bahwa kesalahan yang paling banyak terjadi dalam penggunaan morfem derivasi dengan jumlah 46 kesalahan (51%), diikuti oleh penggunaan morfem infleksional dengan jumlah 43 kesalahan (47%), dan yang paling sedikit adalah penggunaan imbuhan dengan jumlah 2 kesalahan (2%). Ada dua penyebab terjadinya kesalahan morfologi, yaitu kesalahan intrabahasa dan kesalahan interbahasa. Selanjutnya, peneliti menyarankan sejumlah langkah remediasi pedagogik untuk mengatasi kesalahan morfologi.  How to Cite: Dinamika, S. G., Siregar, E. B.A.. (2020). A Morphological Error Analysis of Students’ Written Reports on Indonesia’s 2014 Presidential Election. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 7(1), 85-94. doi:10.15408/ijee.v7i1.16978
The Effect of the Lost Twin Game on Students' Pronunciation Performance
Authors: Rabi'ah Rabi'ah , Baidawi Achmad , Alim Wahab Syakhirul
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to examine whether the use of the Lost Twin Game in teaching pronunciation affects students' pronunciation and how significant the effect is on their pronunciation performance. This research was motivated by the phenomenon that there are various obstacles to teaching pronunciation at the school level including those related to students’ personal characteristics and teachers’ instructional methods. The participants of this study were eighth grade students of MTs Nasrul Ulum Bagandan Pamekasan, consisting of 20 students. This research is pre-experimental utilizing a pretest and posttest, and the data for this study were analyzed statistically using a t-test with SPSS 20. The results of this study show that the t-value 0.000 is lower than 0.05 which means that there is a significant effect of the treatment on the students’ pronunciation performance, and the treatment also accounts for the students' score increase by about 25%. It is, thus, concluded that the incorporation of the Lost Twin Game in teaching pronunciation is effective in improving students' pronunciation performance. ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji apakah penggunaan Lost Twin Game dalam pengajaran pelafalan mempengaruhi pelafalan siswa dan seberapa signifikan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja pelafalan mereka. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena adanya berbagai kendala dalam pembelajaran pengucapan di tingkat sekolah termasuk yang berkaitan dengan karakteristik pribadi siswa dan metode pembelajaran guru. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII MTs Nasrul Ulum Bagandan Pamekasan yang berjumlah 20 orang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian praeksperimental dengan menggunakan pretest dan posttest, dan data untuk penelitian ini dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji-t dengan SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa t-value 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05 yang berarti ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari perlakuan terhadap kinerja pengucapan siswa, dan perlakuan tersebut juga menyebabkan peningkatan nilai siswa sekitar 25%. Dengan demikian, disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan Lost Twin Game dalam pengajaran pengucapan efektif dalam meningkatkan kinerja pengucapan siswa. How to Cite: Rabi'ah, Baidawi, A., Alim,  W. S. (2020). The Effect of the Lost Twin Game on Students' Pronunciation Performance. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 7(1), 63-71. doi:10.15408/ijee.v7i1.16995
Students' Metacognitive Awareness and Reading Comprehension of Narrative Texts
Authors: Rosnaeni Rosnaeni , Dj Muhammad Zuhri , Nur Hasriati
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTThis study aims to describe the relationship of students' metacognitive awareness and their reading comprehension of narrative texts by employing a correlational study design. The participants of this study were students of IPS 3 Class of SMAN 3 Bone, South Sulawesi, consisting of 25 students. They were selected as participants for this study using cluster sampling. The researchers used a questionnaire and test to collect the data from participants. The questionnaire was used to determine the students' metacognitive awareness, while the test was used to assess their reading comprehension of narrative texts. Pearson Product Moment and regression analyses were conducted to find out the correlation between the two variables. Results of this study show a significant correlation between metacognitive awareness and students' reading comprehension of narrative texts with r 0.786 > r table 3.961. This research could have implications for the English teacher, students, and next researchers. ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan antara kesadaran metakognitif siswa dengan pemahaman bacaan mereka dalam teks naratif. Penelitian korelasional digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPS 3 SMAN 3 Bone. Mereka dipilih dengan menggunakan cluster random sampling yang terdiri dari 25 siswa. Peneliti menggunakan angket dan tes untuk mengumpulkan data dari sampel. Angket digunakan untuk mengetahui metakognitif siswa dan tes digunakan untuk mengetahui pemahaman bacaan siswa dalam teks naratif. Product Moment Pearson dan analisis regresi digunakan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara dua variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kesadaran metakognitif dengan kemampuan membaca siswa dalam teks naratif dengan r 0,786> r tabel 3,961. Penelitian ini dapat berimplikasi pada guru bahasa Inggris, siswa, dan peneliti selanjutnya.  How to Cite: Rosnaeni, Dj. M. Zuhri , Nur, H. (2020). Students' Metacognitive Awareness and Reading Comprehension of Narrative Texts. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 7(1), 72-84. doi:10.15408/ijee.v7i1. 17027
SI MISMO COMO OTRO Y COMUNIDAD TERAPEÚTICA
Authors: Castillo Gaitán Bernardo
Published: September 2020

Con el artículo se pretende reconocer la importancia de incorporar textos filosóficos en la fundamentación teórica de los programas de atención a personas adictas a las drogas. La introducción expone la importancia de la obra Sí Mismo como Otro en relación al tratamiento de adictos a las drogas; se presentan los fundamentos teóricos de la Comunidad Terapéutica como modelo de atención, un resumen general de obra en cuestión, continuado con la relación establecida entre la obra mencionada y la Comunidad Terapéutica. Se llega a concluir que Sí Mismo como Otro, ofrece sustento teórico para el desarrollo de programas para la atención de persona adictas a las drogas.
ÉTICA, ECONOMÍA Y SALUD EN TIEMPOS DEL COVID-19: DESAFÍOS PARA EL BIEN COMÚN Y LA EQUIDAD
Authors: Jiménez Retana Randall , Morera Quesada Georgina , Montero Núñez Emilio
Published: September 2020

En el presente artículo se exploran tres amplios constructos: ética, economía y salud. Para ello se recurre a Xavier Zubiri, Amartya Sen y Angus Deaton que permiten un acercamiento a los mismos. Lo que propone el presente trabajo es cómo la ética impacta la construcción de un modo de ser en las personas, y análogamente en las empresas. También expone las implicaciones en las esferas económicas y de salud de las sociedades. Se llevó a cabo una indagación documental para abordar dichas propuestas temáticas.
Al alba de la renovación: notación temporal e indagación cósmica en la poesía costarricense. Azofeifa, Debravo, Amighetti y Chen Sham
Authors: Chen Sham Jorge
Published: September 2020

Este artículo, que teje relaciones y dialoga con el que publica Isaac Felipe Azofeifa en el número 2 de la Revista de Filología y Lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica (1975), retoma una de las explicaciones en la autolectura de su escritura, ofrecida por el propio poeta. De esta manera, con la intención de trazar una línea interpretativa, se aborda el tópico del alba en una serie de poetas costarricenses (Azofeifa, Debravo, Amighetti y Chen Sham), en cuyos poemas la mañana se establece como punto de partida de una reflexión y de una celebración que involucra también al yo poético. La dimensión metafísica o existencial cobra todo su sentido a partir de las palabras de Azofeifa, para que desarrolle una retórica del movimiento y de la expansión, tal y como él proponía. La idea del homenaje-réplica a aquel artículo implica al mismo tiempo ofrecer una “autoexplicación” a mi trabajo como poeta, porque él la realizó allí con su poesía; razón por la cual me inserto en una temática y, siguiendo los pasos de Azofeifa, también me desdoblo de mi papel de creador.
Concordancia plural en formas verbales infinitivas del español de Costa Rica
Authors: Leoni de León Jorge Antonio
Published: September 2020

En el español de Costa Rica, al igual que en otras variedades, las secuencias clíticas, con un pronombre final en objeto indirecto singular, pueden aceptar un plural referido anafóricamente a un sujeto; es el caso, por ejemplo, de “tienen que ponersen vivos”, donde la {-n} concuerda con el sujeto de la oración principal. Esto produce el efecto de una concordancia de infinitivo, algo que, en principio, excluye la morfología de las formas infinitivas en español estándar. En este artículo, abogamos por un abordaje global de este tipo de plural, al ponerlo en relación con otras estructuras similares.
An alternative for urine cultures: Direct identification of uropathogens from urine by MALDI-TOF MS
Authors: İlki Arzu Akşit , Özsoy Sevim , Gelmez Gulşen , Aksu Burak , Söyletir Güner
Published: September 2020

Urinary tract infections are one of the most common bacterial infections and rapid diagnosis of the infection is essential for appropriate antibiotic therapy. The goal of our study was to identify urinary pathogens directly by MALDI-TOF MS and to perform antibiotic susceptibility tests in order to shorten the period spent for culturing.

Urine samples submitted for culture to the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were enrolled in this study. Urine samples were screened for leukocyte and bacteria amount by flow cytometry. Samples with bacterial load of 106–107/mL were tested directly by MALDI-TOF MS and antibiotic susceptibility tests (AST) were performed.

In total, 538 positive urine samples were evaluated in our study. MALDI-TOF MS identified the microorganism directly from the urine sample in 91.8% of these samples and the concordance rate of conventional identification and direct detection was 95.8% for Gram-negatives at the genus and species level. Escherichia coli (n:401) was the most frequently isolated microorganism, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n:57). AST results were generated for 111 of these urine samples and the concordance was 90% and 87% for E. coli and K. pneumoniae, respectively.

Our results showed that screening of urine samples with flow cytometry to detect positive samples and identification of uropathogens directly by MALDI-TOF MS with an accuracy of over 90% can be a suitable method particularly for Gram-negative bacteria in clinical microbiology laboratories.
Vámossy Ferenc, az Építés – Építészettudomány folyóirat szerkesztője
Authors: Gyetvainé Balogh Ágnes
Published: September 2020

A Szerző Vámossy Ferenc munkatársaként 2000 óta segítette az Építés – Építészettudomány folyóirat megjelenését. E rövid visszatekintésben a közös munka állomásai, az idősödő professzor módszerei és hatása szerepelnek, hogyan segítette részletes tanácsaival, módszertani javaslataival a fiatalabb szerzőket, hogyan gondoskodott a lap tudományos színvonaláról. A folyóirat érdekében 60 éven át végzett, kimagasló munkáját 2017-ben zárta le egy magyar és angol nyelven megjelent, összefoglaló, visszaemlékező tanulmánnyal.

Summary. As a colleague of Ferenc Vámossy, the author has been helping to publish the journal Építés – Építészettudomány since 2000. This brief review includes the stages of the joint work, the methods and impact of the elderly professor, how he helped the younger authors with his detailed advice and methodological suggestions, and how he ensured the scientific quality of the journal. He concluded his outstanding work for 60 years in the interest of the journal in 2017 with a summary, reminiscent study published in Hungarian and English.
Evaluation of the Xiamen AmonMed Biotechnology rapid diagnostic test COVID-19 IgM/IgG test kit (Colloidal gold)
Authors: Dörschug Anja , Schwanbeck Julian , Hahn Andreas , Hillebrecht Anke , Blaschke Sabine , Groß Uwe , Heimesaat Markus M. , Frickmann Hagen , Zautner Andreas E.
Published: September 2020

Introduction

To efficiently monitor the COVID-19 pandemic for surveillance purposes, reliable serological rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are desirable for settings where well-established high-throughput bench-top solutions are not available. Here, we have evaluated such an RDT.

Methods

We have assessed the Xiamen AmonMed Biotechnology COVID-19 IgM/IgG test kit (Colloidal gold) and the EUROIMMUN benchtop assay with serum samples from patients with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 disease. Samples from patients with Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV) infection and blood donors were used for specificity testing.

Results

For the colloid gold rapid test and the EUROIMMUN assay, the study indicated overall sensitivity of 15.2% and 67.4%, respectively, while specificity of 99.0% and 97.9% with the blood donor sera, as well as 100% and 96.8% with the EBV-patients, were observed, respectively. An association of the time period between positive PCR results and serum acquisition with serological test positivity could be observed for the immunologlobulin G subclass of the EUROIMMUN assay only.

Conclusions

In spite of acceptable specificity of the assessed RDT, the detected poor sensitivity leaves room for improvement. The test results remain difficult to interpret and therefore the RDT can currently not be recommended for routine diagnostic or surveillance use.
COVID-19 pandemic lockdown and problematic eating behaviors in a student population
Authors: Flaudias Valentin , Iceta Sylvain , Zerhouni Oulmann , Rodgers Rachel F , Billieux Joël , Llorca Pierre-Michel , Boudesseul Jordane , de Chazeron Ingrid , Romo Lucia , Maurage Pierre , Samalin Ludovic , Bègue Laurent , Naassila Mickael , Brousse Georges , Guillaume Sébastien
Published: September 2020

Background and aims

Since mid-March 2020, over 3 billion people have been confined as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Problematic eating behaviors are likely to be impacted by the pandemic through multiple pathways. This study examined the relationships between stress related to lockdown measures and binge eating and dietary restriction in a population of French students during the first week of confinement.

Methods

A sample of undergraduate students (N = 5,738) completed an online questionnaire 7 days after lockdown measures were introduced. The survey comprised variables related to lockdown measures and the COVID-19-pandemic, mood, stress, body image, binge eating and dietary restriction during the past 7 days, as well as intent to binge eat and restrict in the following 15 days.

Results

Stress related to the lockdown was associated with greater likelihood of binge eating and dietary restriction over the past week and intentions to binge eat and restrict over the next 15 days. Greater exposure to COVID-19-related media was associated with increased eating restriction over the past week. Binge eating and restriction (past and intentions) were associated with established risk factors, including female gender, low impulse regulation, high body dissatisfaction, and having a concurrent probable eating disorder.

Discussion and conclusion

The higher the stress related to the first week of confinement, the higher the risk of problematic eating behaviors among students, particularly those characterized by eating-related concerns. Screening for risk factors and providing targeted interventions might help decrease problematic eating behaviors among those who are most vulnerable.
The effects of parental control and warmth on problematic internet use in adolescents: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Lukavská Katerina , Vacek Jaroslav , Gabhelík Roman
Published: September 2020

Background and aims

Problematic internet use (PIU) is a highly prevalent condition with severe adverse effects. The literature suggests that parent-child bonding and parental behavioral control exert protective effects against PIU. However, the most relevant studies rely on simplistic measurement of parenting, cross-sectional designs and mixed-aged samples. Our study analyzed the effect of maternal and paternal parenting on PIU by using a prospective design and a cohort sample of same-aged children.

Methods

Data from 1,019 Czech 12-year-old sixth-graders who were followed until ninth grade were used. Maternal and paternal responsiveness and strictness were reported by children using the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ) and the Parental Control Scale (PCS). PIU was measured by the Excessive Internet Use Scale (EIUS).

Results

The self-reported PIU prevalence in nine-graders (15-year-old) was 8.1%. Parenting, reported by adolescents 18 months before PIU screening, showed significant relationships with PIU: parental responsiveness was negatively and moderately associated, while maternal strictness showed a weak positive association; the authoritative parenting style in both parents decreased PIU, with a PIU probability of 3.21%, while a combination of maternal authoritarian and paternal neglectful parenting was associated with PIU probability as high as 20.9%.

Discussion and conclusions

The self-reported prevalence of PIU in Czech adolescents was found to be high. The effects of parenting on PIU were similar to the effects of parenting on other problematic behavior among adolescents. Our findings showed the need for interventions to prevent PIU by helping parents to apply optimal parenting styles.
Cognitively Informed Ethnography
Authors: Turpin Hugh Daniel , Stanford Mark
Published: September 2020

Here, we present two case studies which combine ethnographic fieldwork with quantitative methods to describe religious behaviour in two ecologically valid settings. Case Study 1 describes the use of mixed methods to explore whether different types of supernatural agents are associated with different categories of moral transgression in Burma, a syncretic and multi-religious environment which naturally lends itself to this question. In this case study, ethnography plays a key role in designing appropriate questionnaire measures, generating hypotheses, and interpreting the behaviour of experimental participants. Case Study 2 describes the use of mixed methods to investigate the interrelationships between religious scandals and the emergence of ex-Catholicism in Ireland, a country noted for its recent and rapid secularization. Here, ethnography plays a key role in elucidating the limitations of early experimental designs and generating further hypotheses, while surveying in turn addresses issues of representativeness in the fieldwork. Together, these case studies serve to illustrate a number of advantages and challenges that come with adopting a mixed methods approach. We close by outlining four reasons for mixing qualitative and quantitative methods when studying religious cognition in the field, using the case studies above as examples. These are: 1) methodological triangulation, 2) assessment of instruments and procedures, 3) qualitative/quantitative iteration, and 4) capturing the current context in scenarios where existing ethnographic research is sparse or deficient.
Promoting the Benefits and Clarifying Misconceptions about Preregistration, Preprints, and Open Science for the Cognitive Science of Religion
Authors: Kavanagh Christopher , Kapitany Rohan
Published: September 2020

Adopting newly proposed “open science” reforms to improve transparency and increase rigor is hard and can make us, as researchers, feel vulnerable. Nonetheless, these reforms are vital to improving the overall quality and confidence of our collective research. We have, through our own experiences, found that preregistration and detailed analysis plans can help to identify, and potentially avoid, errors. Prepublication has similarly helped us to collaborate and receive feedback on manuscripts, particularly during prolonged periods of peer-review. The Cognitive Science of Religion (CSR) field is constituted by a diversity of scholars and disciplines, and thus faces somewhat unique challenges in its efforts to establish common practices, standards, and research terminology. In this paper we offer an introduction to the open science reforms of preregistration and prepublication specifically orientated towards the CSR field. We discuss common concerns around these practices, highlighting areas of misunderstanding while conceding and discussing genuine limitations. We conclude with voluntary, low-investment recommendations for best-practices with regards to preregistration and preprints for the field of the Cognitive Science of Religion.
Statin Initiation: Guideline Concordance and Characteristics of New Users in Quebec, Canada
Authors: M.A. Johnson Sarasa , Choinière Manon , Bally Michèle , Dubé Marie-Pierre , Tardif Jean-Claude , Gaudet Daniel , Bergeron Jean , Lanctôt Hélène , Lelorier Jacques
Published: September 2020

Statins are widely prescribed for the prevention of cardiovascular (CV) events. Our objective was to describe the characteristics of patients newly prescribed a statin by general practitioners and assess the concordance of prescribing with national guidelines. Patients who were 18 years or older, French-speaking, available for the 2-year study duration, and had no history of statin use were recruited. Biological parameters were measured, and medical history, sociodemographic characteristics, and health behaviours were recorded using structured questionnaires. Patients’ eligibility for a statin was assessed using the Canadian Cardiovascular Society’s dyslipidemia guidelines. Of the 1631 new statin-users enrolled, 47.6% were women. The mean age for all patients was 57.4 years. According to the Canadian guidelines, 50.6% of patients were considered at high risk for a CV event or had a statin-indicated condition. Moderate and low-risk patients represented 26.7 and 22.7% of patients, respectively.
Ten years of evidence for the diagnostic assessment of preschoolers with prenatal alcohol exposure
Authors: Hanlon-Dearman Ana , Proven Shelley , Scheepers Kellsey , Cheung Kristene , Marles Sandra , Centre Team The MB FASD
Published: September 2020

The assessment of preschoolers with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is challenging for many diagnostic teams and clinicians. The 2016 Canadian Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) diagnostic guidelines describe the assessments recommended for individuals with PAE in various age groups. Interpretation of brain domains constituting global impairment in preschoolers is not well described in the literature, and there has been clinical reluctance to consider the interpretation of clinical assessments as definitively diagnostic in this age group. This study describes the results of 10-year retrospective clinical data of over 300 preschoolers with PAE referred to the Manitoba FASD Centre for assessment of FASD. Preschoolers who met the criteria for a diagnosis of FASD showed significantly greater global developmental impairment, compared with those with PAE alone. They also demonstrated poorer receptive and expressive language abilities when compared with preschoolers who were not diagnosed. Preschoolers with FASD were rated as having more difficulties with executive functioning skills and adaptive functioning skills, compared to their counterparts. Significant deficits were found in fine-motor, visual-motor, and components of gross-motor skills. Importantly, significant sensory processing differences are particularly evident in preschoolers and are important in understanding behavior and in intervention planning. Together, standardized assessment of motor and sensory processing skills, with a comprehensive assessment of language, are significant predictors of FASD diagnosis for preschoolers with PAE.
The effect of planned training regarding breast self-examination on women’s health beliefs
Authors: DURAN AKSOY Özlem , KOÇOĞLU Ferit
Published: September 2020

Amaç: Araştırma, kadınlara kendi kendine meme muayenesi (KKMM) ile ilgili verilen planlı eğitimin sağlık inançlarına etkisini belirlemek amacıyla deneysel olarak yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma grubunu, Yarı Açık Kadın Cezaevi’nde bulunan, Halk Eğitim Merkezi ve Akşam Sanat Okulu’ndan seçilen ve Aile Sağlığı Merkezi Bölgesi’ndeki Kur’an kursuna devam eden kadınlar olmak üzere toplam 108 kadın oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri, kadınlara yönelik sosyo-demografik soru formu ve Türkçe Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada kontrol grubu kullanılmamış, kadınların eğitim verilmeden önceki değerlendirmeleri, eğitimden sekiz hafta sonraki değerlendirmelerinin kontrolü olarak alınmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmada, kadınların %32.4’ünün KKMM eğitimi aldığı ve KKMM yapmayı bildiği saptanmıştır. Son bir yıl içerisinde kadınların %15.7’sinin KKMM yaptığı, %10.2’sinin klinik meme muayenesi yaptırdığı, %10.4’ünün ise mamografi çektirdiği bulunmuştur. Eğitim faaliyeti sonrasında, CHBMS ölçeği alt boyutlarından olan duyarlılık, ciddiyet, yarar, güven ve sağlık motivasyonu algılarında olumlu yönde anlamlı bir artış olduğu saptanırken, engel algısının da olumlu yönde değişerek önemli ölçüde azaldığı belirlenmiştir (p
Sinonasal anatomic variations and relationship with sinonasal inflammatory mucosal disease: a computed tomography study
Authors: KURTULUŞ ÖZTÜRK Esin , ÖZTÜRK Saffet , TURAN Şükrü , ACU Berat
Published: September 2020

Objective: To evaluate sinonasal anatomic variations on the paranasal computed tomography (CT) scans and to investigate association with sinonasal inflammatory mucosal disease.

Materials and Methods: Between January 2019 and December 2019, paranasal CT scans of 279 adult patients were retrospectively analyzed. Patients data were obtained from medical and imaging records. On CT examinations, each anatomic variation was evaluated with respect to side and bilaterality. We investigated statistically coexistence between anatomic variations and presence of sinonasal inflammatory mucosal disease.

Results: Our results showed high prevalence of sinonasal anatomic variations. The most common anatomic variation was nasal septal deviation (65.2 %), followed by concha bullosa (41.6 %)and septal spur (28.7 %). We found a statistically significant relationship between concha bullosa and sinonasal inflammatory mucosal disease (p=0.009) which was observed especially in bulbous (p=0.048) and extensive types(p=0.017). No significant association was noted with the other anatomic variations.

Conclusion:

Concha bullosa, particularly bulbous and extensive types have a tendency to cause sinonasal inflammatory mucosal disease.

Key words: Sinonasal cavity, anatomic variation, computed tomography, mucosal disease, rhinosinusitis
Relationship between platelet counts, mean platelet volume, platecrit and Beta Thalassemia Carriers
Authors: AKBAYRAM Hatice Tuba , ÖRKMEZ Mustafa
Published: September 2020

Aim: β-thalassemia carriers (BTC) is generally asymptomatic;however, in clinical practice, there is hypochromic microcytic mildanemia caused by a hereditary reduction in beta globin synthesis.In the literature, there is also some information about plateletindices in BTC. The aim of this study was to evaluate platelet indicesin children with BTC. In addition, we compared platelet indicesbetween anemia (Hb<11 g/dl) and non-anemia BTC (Hb ≥11 g/dl).Material and Method: A cross sectional study included a totalof 153 subjects aged 1-16 years were recruited from GaziantepUniversity Hospital outpatient clinics electronic database.Results: Platelet counts were normal in 90 patients with BTC.Thrombocytosis and thrombocytopenia were detected in 59(38.5%) and four (2.6%) patients, respectively. This study groupwas divided into two groups as group 1, cases<11 g/dl (n=86), andgroup 2, cases≥11g/dl (n=67) according to the hemoglobin levels.The children with the group 1 had significantly higher mean levelsof platelet counts and platecrit than those with group 2 (p<0.05).In the logistic regression test, linear correlation between plateletcounts and platecrit (r=0.94, p<0.01) was observed, whereas therewere inverse correlations between platelet counts and age (r=-0.32, p<0.01), mean platelet volume (r=-0.18, p<0.05), hemoglobin(r =-0.18, p<0.05).Conclusion: We found that both thrombocytosis andthrombocytopenia may occur in BTC. Herein we also foundsignificantly elevated platelet counts in BTC with anemia.
MÜLTECİLERDE D VİTAMİNİ EKSİKLİĞİ PREVALANSI
Authors: OKAN Sevil , OKAN Fatih
Published: September 2020

Amaç: D vitamini eksikliği Dünya da yaygın görülen önlenebilir bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Çalışmanın amacı mültecilerde D vitamini eksikliği prevalansını belirlemektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif tipte planlanan çalışmaya Ocak-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında Tokat İl ve İlçelerinde bulunan Devlet Hastanelerinde 25 (OH) D vitamini ölçümü yapılmış olan 103 mülteci birey hastane otomasyon sisteminden taranarak dahil edildi. Bireylerin D vitamini düzeyinin mevsim, yaş, cinsiyet ve uyrukları ile ilişkisi değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analizlerde sayı, yüzde, ortalama±standart sapma, Mann Whitney U testi ve Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanıldı (p
Evaluation of serum nitric oxide level and its relationship with disease activity parameters in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: DEVECİ Hülya , ÖZMEN Zeliha Cansel
Published: September 2020

Aim: Nitric oxide (NO) is a molecule known to play a role in many physiological and pathological events in the body. It is thought to play an active role in inflammation. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease worldwide. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the serum NO levels of RA patients and their relation with parameters that are indicators of disease activity.

Material and Method: Thirty patients with RA (7 males/ 23 females, mean age 48.80±7.88 years old) and 30 healthy control groups were included in the study. Both groups were compared with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti CCP) and serum NO levels and clinically with Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS-28) and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) scales.

Results: ESR, CRP and NO levels in the patient group were significantly higher than the control group (p 3.2, inactive disease DAS-28
Different performance, full experience: a learning game applied throughout adulthood
Authors: Greipl Simon , Moeller Korbinian , Kiili Kristian , Ninaus Manuel
Published: September 2020

Gaming may not primarily be associated with the elderly part of the population, but senior gamers represent a growing proportion. Evaluating the applicability of educational games across the lifespan is therefore crucial to better understand potential requirements in different domains and age groups. The current study applied a math learning game to participants from 19 to 79 years of age. We examined age-related differences along three domains: cognition, as measured by in-game performance, basic player experience with the game, and general player attitudes towards technology. Analyses of performance metrics related to speed clearly reflected an age-related decline, well in line with known effects from cognitive ageing. In contrast, error-metrics were associated with educational background. At the player experience level, however, we found no differences across the lifespan. All participants rated the game equally (positive). Furthermore, our results showed that attitudes towards technology only differed occasionally, for instance, senior participants seemed to be more technologically interested. Taken together, scoring systems as well as other in-game metrics based on performance, especially related to speed, should be adapted appropriately to player’s age. Finally, elderly players’ experience with the game and overall attitudes towards technology appeared comparable to other younger age groups.