bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strong decays of the lowest bottomonium hybrid within an extended Born–Oppenheimer framework
Authors: Bruschini R. , González P.
Published: January 2021

We analyze the decays of the theoretically predicted lowest bottomonium hybrid H(1P) to open bottom two-meson states. We do it by embedding a quark pair creation model into the Born–Oppenheimer framework which allows for a unified, QCD-motivated description of bottomonium hybrids as well as bottomonium. A new $$^{1}\!P_{1}$$

1

P
1

decay model for H(1P) comes out. The same analysis applied to bottomonium leads naturally to the well-known $$^{3}\!P_{0}$$

3

P
0

decay model. We show that H(1P) and the theoretically predicted bottomonium state $$\varUpsilon (5S)$$

Υ
(
5
S
)

, whose calculated masses are close to each other, have very different widths for such decays. A comparison with data from $$\varUpsilon (10860)$$

Υ
(
10860
)

, an experimental resonance whose mass is similar to that of $$\varUpsilon (5S)$$

Υ
(
5
S
)

and H(1P), is carried out. Neither a $$\varUpsilon (5S)$$

Υ
(
5
S
)

nor a H(1P) assignment can explain the measured decay widths. However, a $$\varUpsilon (5S)$$

Υ
(
5
S
)

–H(1P) mixing may give account of them supporting previous analyses of dipion decays of $$\varUpsilon (10860)$$

Υ
(
10860
)

and suggesting a possible experimental evidence of H(1P).
SYMMETRY ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS AND CONSERVATION LAWS OF A GENERALIZED KdV–BURGERS–KURAMOTO EQUATION AND ITS FRACTIONAL VERSION
Authors: WANG GANGWEI
Published: January 2021

Wave motions play an important role in fluid dynamics and engineering issues. In this paper, a systematic study to the generalized KdV–Burgers–Kuramoto equation is presented resort to symmetry method. First, based on the Lie point symmetries of the generalized KdV–Burgers–Kuramoto equation, we get invariants and invariant solutions. In particular, we obtain series solutions of generalized KdV–Burgers–Kuramoto equation. Meanwhile, we find that this equation just exists in Lie point symmetries. Then, we present a conservation law, and derive reciprocal Bäcklund transformations of conservation law for the first time. Furthermore, Bäcklund transformation of KdV–Burgers–Kuramoto equation associated with truncated Painlevé expansion is studied for the first time. Subsequently, mCK method is employed to study KdV–Burgers–Kuramoto equation. Lastly, we investigate symmetries of generalized time fractional KdV–Burgers–Kuramoto equation, and derive a conservation law. The obtained results illustrate that symmetry method is a very powerful method to deal with nonlinear partial differential equations. The results provide theoretical support for explaining complex nonlinear phenomena.
FRACTAL OSCILLATION AND ITS FREQUENCY-AMPLITUDE PROPERTY
Authors: HE JI-HUAN , KOU SHUAI-JIA , HE CHUN-HUI , ZHANG ZUO-WEI , GEPREEL KHALED A.
Published: January 2021

When an oscillator vibrates in a porous medium or along an unsmooth surface, a fractal model can be adopted using the two-scale fractal derivative. This paper elucidates a simple but effective method for fast and exclusive insight into the asymptotically periodic property at the initial stage and the extremely low frequency property when time tends to infinity. Some examples are illustrated to show the one-step solution process and the accurate results.
STUDY OF NONLINEAR HIROTA–SATSUMA COUPLED KdV AND COUPLED mKdV SYSTEM WITH TIME FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVE
Authors: HABIB SIDDRA , BATOOL AMREEN , ISLAM ASAD , NADEEM MUHAMMAD , GEPREEL KHALED A. , HE JI-HUAN
Published: January 2021

This paper demonstrates an effective and powerful technique, namely fractional He–Laplace method (FHe-LM), to study a nonlinear coupled system of equations with time fractional derivative. The FHe-LM is designed on the basis of Laplace transform to elucidate the solution of nonlinear fractional Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV and coupled mKdV system but the series coefficients are evaluated in an iterative process with the help of homotopy perturbation method manipulating He’s polynomials. The fractional derivatives are considered in the Caputo sense. The obtained results confirm the suggested approach is extremely convenient and applicable to provide the solution of nonlinear models in the form of a convergent series, without any restriction. Also, graphical representation and the error estimate when compared with the exact solution are presented.
A CONTINUOUS VARIATION OF ROUGHNESS SCALING CHARACTERISTICS ACROSS FRACTAL AND NON-FRACTAL PROFILES
Authors: LI ZHIWEI , QIAN XIANG , FENG FENG , QU TIMING , XIA YOUSHENG , ZHOU WENMENG
Published: January 2021

In this study, the scaling characteristics of root-mean-squared roughness ([Formula: see text]) was investigated for both fractal and non-fractal profiles by using roughness scaling extraction (RSE) method proposed in our previous work. The artificial profiles generated through Weierstrass–Mandelbrot (W–M) function and the actual profiles, including surface contours of silver thin films and electroencephalography signals, were analyzed. Based on the relationship curves between [Formula: see text] and scale, it was found that there was a continuous variation of the dimension value calculated with RSE method ([Formula: see text]) across the fractal and non-fractal profiles. In the range of fractal region, [Formula: see text] could accurately match with the ideal fractal dimension ([Formula: see text]) input for W–M function. In the non-fractal region, [Formula: see text] values could characterize the complexity of the profiles, similar to the functionality of [Formula: see text] value for fractal profiles, thus enabling the detection of certain incidents in signals such as an epileptic seizure. Moreover, the traditional methods (Box-Counting and Higuchi) of [Formula: see text] calculation failed to reflect the complexity variation of non-fractal profiles, because their [Formula: see text] was generally 1. The feasibility of abnormal implementation of W–M function and the capability of RSE method were discussed according to the analysis on the properties of W–M function, which would be promising to make more understandings of the nonlinear behaviors of both theoretical and practical features.
COMBINED ELECTROOSMOTIC AND PRESSURE DRIVEN FLOW IN TREE-LIKE MICROCHANNEL NETWORK
Authors: LIU FEI , JING DALEI
Published: January 2021

The present work presents a simplified mathematical model to calculate the flowrate of the combined electroosmotic flow (EOF) and pressure driven laminar flow (PDLF) in the symmetric tree-like microchannel network under the assumptions of small zeta potential and thin electrical double layer. A numerical analysis of the combined EOF and PDLF in symmetric Y-shaped microchannel is also carried out to validate the mathematical model. The analytical results and numerical results are found to be in good agreement with each other. Using the mathematical model, the present work further investigates the effect of diameter ratio of the tree-like network on the flowrate of the combined EOF and PDLF to recognize a possible conclusion being similar to the Murray’s law. Based on the present work, it is found that the symmetric tree-like network has an optimal diameter ratio to achieve the maximum flowrate for the combined EOF and PDLF when the total microchannel volume is constant; however, this optimal diameter ratio for the combined flow disobeys the generalized Murray’s law in a simple form of power function of the branching number [Formula: see text], and it is not only related on the branching number, but also depends on the branching level and channel length ratio of the tree-like network. Furthermore, the optimal diameter ratio shows a monotonous transition from [Formula: see text] for the pure PDLF to [Formula: see text] for the pure EOF with the increasing ratio of the driven voltage and driven pressure. The present work discusses the effects of these parameters on the optimal diameter ratio for the combined EOF and PDLF.
ANISOTROPIC MULTIFRACTAL SCALING OF MOUNT LEBANON TOPOGRAPHY: APPROXIMATE CONDITIONING
Authors: GERGES FIRAS , GENG XIAOLONG , NASSIF HANI , BOUFADEL MICHEL C.
Published: January 2021

We used multifractals to analyze the Lebanese topography focusing on Mount Lebanon. The elevation data were obtained from NASA STRM Global Digital Elevation of Earth Land, spaced at 80[Formula: see text]m in the East-West direction, and at 90[Formula: see text]m in the North-South direction. After transforming the grid to be perpendicular and parallel to the range, we found anisotropic scaling from 500[Formula: see text]m to 10,000[Formula: see text]m, and it reflected the fact that the Lebanese topography was more correlated in the direction perpendicular to the mountain range, probably due to occurrence of valleys and ridges in that direction. We estimated the parameters of the Universal Multifractal (UM) model and found [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], consistent with values reported for topography. The UM parameter [Formula: see text] was found to be 0.72 across the range and 0.57 along the range, the latter value agrees with prior observations. However, the larger value across the range is consistent with the higher spatial correlation in that direction. We introduced a new expression for the 2D power spectral density, and we showed that it can decently capture the anisotropic scaling. We also generated multiple realizations and we showed that the generation of anisotropic scaling did not alter the underlying parameter values [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of the UM model. We also proposed an approximate method for generating conditional simulations, and we showed that through a judicious selection of values, one may reproduce approximately the observed field values at the desired locations. We believe such an approach could be used to generate realistic simulations of fields that are time-invariants, such as topography and soil properties.
Economic Policy Uncertainty and Stock Markets: A Multifractal Cross-Correlations Analysis
Authors: Jiang Wei , Li Jianfeng , Sun Guanglin
Published: January 2021

We utilize the multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis (MF-DCCA) to investigate the cross-correlations between the US economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and US stock markets in the framework of Fractal Market Hypothesis (FMH). The data contain daily closing values of EPU, and the returns of Dow Jones Industrial Average Index (DJI), S&P 500 index (GSPC) and NASDAQ Composite Index (IXIC). Our empirical results show that changes in EPU and fluctuations in the US stock markets interact in a nonlinear way. Furthermore, there exists significant multifractality in the cross-correlations between EPU and stock markets. The cross-correlations exhibit dynamics and are affected by major international events. We capture the underlying mechanisms such as multifractality and nonlinear relation that dominate EPU-US stock markets nexus by means of FMH. The findings add a new dimension to the existing literature, and are important for market participants to adjust investment decisions.
m-PageRank: A NOVEL CENTRALITY MEASURE FOR MULTILAYER NETWORKS
Authors: CHERIYAN JO , SAJEEV G. P.
Published: January 2021

A complex network is an explicit model for a real-world system such as technological networks, social networks, business networks, and biological networks. The social network is an Internet-based media for socially relevant activities like stay connected with families and friends, colleagues, and customers, for socializing, business, or both. The key nodes, usually called central nodes, capable of measuring the performance of various social network applications. Identifying influencing nodes is primary research for any network analysis research. Degree centrality, a locally computed metric, is simple to compute but not persuasive. The global metrics like betweenness centrality and PageRank are only useful for the systems with a simple structure, but incur a high computational cost with the addition of layers. This paper proposes a novel metric m-PageRank for ranking nodes in a multi-layer complex network. The m-PageRank is an advancement of PageRank. It integrates the existence of the rank of each layer from where the connection connects. The proposed metric was validated through simulations performed over various multilayer networks. The result shows that m-PageRank computes the rank of each node accurately. We observe that the comparison with state-of-the-art metrics demonstrated the suitability of the proposed metric.
A Novel Efficient CNFET-Based Inexact Full Adder Design for Image Processing Applications
Authors: Mehrabani Yavar Safaei , Parsapour Mona , Moradi Mona , Bagherizadeh Mehdi
Published: January 2021

Employing inexact arithmetic circuits in error-resilient applications results in reduction of hardware-level metrics such as power consumption, delay and occupied area. These criteria are very important in portable applications because they are battery limited. Full Adder cell is as a building block of many arithmetic circuits. Therefore, it can influence the performance of the entire digital system. This paper presents a novel low-power and high-speed design of one-bit inexact full adder cell based on 32-nm (CNFET) technology for error resilient applications. This design technique can be utilized in various applications particularly in image processing. The presented design employs capacitive threshold logic (CTL) approach which significantly reduces the number of transistors. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is considered to evaluate accuracy of circuits at application level. Then extensive simulations regarding various power supplies, temperatures and loads at transistor level are performed to measure power consumption and propagation delay criteria. Moreover, some new metrics are introduced to trade-off between application and hardware level parameters. Comprehensive simulations demonstrate the supremacy of the proposed cell than others.
Thioether linked meso functionalized BODIPY DYEmer
Authors: Dhokale Bhausaheb , Yadav Indresh Singh , Mobin Shaikh M. , Misra Rajneesh
Published: January 2021

Thioether linked meso BODIPY DYEmer 3 was synthesized by two different routes. The reaction of dipyrrothioketone 1 and 8-chloro BODIPY 2 in the presence of triethylamine followed by complexation with BF[Formula: see text] resulted in thioether linked meso functionalized BODIPY DYEmer 3. Using another route, the reaction of 8-chloro BODIPY 2 with sodium hydrosulphide (NaSH) at room temperature resulted in the thioether linked meso BODIPY DYEmer 3. The DYEmer 3 was characterized by 1H, [Formula: see text]C, [Formula: see text]B, [Formula: see text]F NMR, HRMS, and single crystal X-ray crystallography. The properties of DYEmer 3 was compared with the previously reported thioether linked [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] BODIPY DYEmers 4 and 5. The structural parameters indicating the intramolecular arrangements of two BODIPY units of DYEmer were compared and corelated with the observed properties. The time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations suggested that the thioether group at meso position of BODIPY 3 stabilizes the LUMO energy than 8-chloro BODIPY 2. Compared to 8-chloro BODIPY 2 the HOMO-1 of DYEmer 3 is destabilized whereas the LUMO+1 is stabilized.
A Computer Vision-Based Method for Classification of Red Meat Quality After Nitrosamine Appendage
Authors: Arora Monika , Mangipudi Parthasarathi
Published: January 2021

Nitrosamine is a carcinogenic chemical used as a preservative in red meat whose identification is an ordeal. This paper presents a computer vision-based non-destructive method for identifying quality disparities between preservative treated and untreated (control) red meat. To access the discrepancy in the quality of red meat, both traditional machine learning and deep learning-based methods have been used. Support vector machine (SVM) classifier and artificial neural network (ANN) models have been used to detect the presence of nitrosamine in test samples. The paper also made use of different pre-trained deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) with transfer learning approach such as ResNet-34, ResNet-50, ResNet-101, VGG-16, VGG-19, AlexNet and MobileNetv2 to examine the presence of nitrosamine in the food samples. While the ANN classifier performed better in comparison to the SVM classifier, the highest testing accuracy and F1-score were obtained using the deep learning model, ResNet-101 with 95.45% and 96.54%, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate an improved performance in comparison to the existing methods; indicating the feasibility of the proposed work for food quality control in real-time applications.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Acute Plastic Deformation of a Pediatric Radius
Authors: Mizutani Yasushi , Tamai Susumu , Nakamura Toshifumi , Takita Takehiko , Omokawa Shohei
Published: January 2021

Acute plastic deformation of long bones is more common in young children. We report a case of an acute plastic deformation of a pediatric radius via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. A 15-year-old boy fell on landing after a jump while practicing soccer, which injured his right forearm. He was diagnosed with a radial neck fracture and a medial epicondylar fracture of the humerus on the basis of plain radiograms. MRI was additionally performed and showed abnormal shadows indicating intramedullary bleeding at multiple bamboo-joint-like deformity sites of the radius. Surgery was performed and injury completely healed. Acute plastic deformation of long bones was often diagnosed by simple radiographic imaging. To our knowledge, there has been no previous reports of plastic deformation evaluated by MRI. If bone plastic deformation is missed, functional impairments such as limited range of motion remain; thus, an early diagnosis of acute bone plastic deformation by performing MRI is recommended.
A Data-driven System for City-wide Energy Footprinting and Apportionment
Authors: Wei Peter , Jiang Xiaofan
Published: January 2021

Energy footprinting has the potential to raise awareness of energy consumption and lead to energy-saving behavior. However, current methods are largely restricted to single buildings; these methods require energy and occupancy monitoring sensor deployments, which can be expensive and difficult to deploy at scale. Further, current methods for estimating energy consumption and population at scale cannot provide fine enough temporal or spatial granularity for a reasonable personal energy footprint estimate. In this work, we present a data-driven system for city-wide estimation of personal energy footprints. This system takes advantage of existing sensing infrastructure and data sources in urban cities to provide energy and population estimates at the building level, even in built environments that do not have existing or accessible energy or population data.
No Good Deed Goes Unpunished
Authors: Armstrong Deborah
Published: January 2021

As we closed out a memorable 2020 and look to the New Year, we might say that not much good has come out of this year. But as a Monty Python fan, I love the ditty from The Life of Brian movie, "Always Look on the Bright Side of Life."

While the pandemic has taken much, it has also provided opportunities to explore new ways of learning, working, and being in community. For me, the pandemic has highlighted a fact I think we have all long suspected: the current journal peer review process is broken-it's unsustainable.
A Multiple-Motive Heuristic-Systematic Model for Examining How Users Process Android Data and Service Access Notifications
Authors: James Tabitha L. , Ziegelmayer Jennifer L. , Schuler Scott Arianna , Fox Grace
Published: January 2021

Android access notifications are presented to users to obtain permission to access data and services on smartphones. The number of 'unsafe' apps in the Android marketplaces underscores the importance of understanding what factors influence whether users engage in more effortful systematic processing of access notifications. We propose a multiple-motive heuristic-systematic model to examine how different motives impact users' processing modes. We find that the need to be accurate in making decisions (accuracy), the desire to defend preferred positions (defense), and social pressure from others (impression) influence how users process Android access notifications, and they do so in different ways.
A Short-Term Photovoltaic Power Generation Forecast Method Based on LSTM
Authors: Li Yang , Ye Feng , Liu Zihao , Wang Zhijian , Mao Yupeng
Published: January 2021

The intermittence and fluctuation of photovoltaic power generation seriously affect output power reliability, efficiency, fault detection of photovoltaic power grid, etc. The precise forecasting of photovoltaic power generation is the critical method to solve the above limitations. Current photovoltaic power generation forecasting methods generally usually adopt meteorological data and historical continuous photovoltaic power generation as inputs, but they do not take into account historical periodic photovoltaic power generation as inputs, which makes the existing methods inadequate in learning time correlation. Therefore, to further study the time correlation for improving the prediction accuracy, an LSTM-FC deep learning algorithm composed of long-term short-term memory (LSTM) and fully connected (FC) layers is proposed. The double-branch input of the model enables it not only to consider the impact of meteorological data on power generation but also to consider time continuity and periodic dependence, thereby improving the prediction accuracy to a certain extent. In this paper, meteorological data, historical continuous data, and historical periodic data are used as experimental data, and these three types of data are combined into different input forms to evaluate and compare LSTM-FC with other baseline models, including support vector machines (SVM), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), generalized regression neural network (GRNN), feedforward neural network (FFNN), and LSTM. The simulation results show that the accuracy of the models with meteorological data, continuous data, and periodic data as input is higher than that of other input forms, and the accuracy of LSTM-FC is the highest among these models, and its root mean square error (RMSE) is 11.79% higher than that of SVM.
Cross‐Market Infection Research on Stock Herding Behavior Based on DGC‐MSV Models and Bayesian Network
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhuang Ya-ming
Published: January 2021

This paper is concerned with the multivariate stochastic volatility modeling of the stock market. We investigate a DGC‐t‐MSV model to find the historical volatility spillovers between nine markets, including S&P, Nasdaq, SSE, SZSE, HSI, FTSE, CAC, DAX, and Nikkei indices. We use the Bayesian network to analyze the spreading of herd behavior between nine markets. The main results are as follows: (1) the DGC‐t‐MSV model we considered is a useful way to estimate the parameter and fit the data well in the stock market; (2) our computational analysis shows that the S&P and Nasdaq have higher volatility spillovers to the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets; (3) the results also show that there is a strong correlation between stock markets in the same region.
Method for Identifying Stator and Rotor Faults of Induction Motors Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Wei Lipeng , Rong Xiang , Wang Haibo , Yu Shuohang , Zhang Yang
Published: January 2021

The detection results need to be analyzed and distinguished by professional technicians in the fault detection methods for induction motors based on signal processing and it is difficult to realize the automatic identification of stator and rotor faults. A method for identifying stator and rotor faults of induction motors based on machine vision is proposed to solve this problem. Firstly, Park’s vector approach (PVA) is used to analyze the three-phase currents of the motor to obtain Park’s vector ring (PVR). Then, the local binary patterns (LBP) and gray level cooccurrence matrix (GLCM) are combined to extract the image features of PVR. Finally, the vectors of image features are used as input and the types of induction motor faults are identified with the help of a random forest (RF) classifier. The proposed method has achieved high identification accuracy in both the Maxwell simulation experiment and the actual motor experiment, which are 100% and 95.83%, respectively.
Hypoxia Molecular Characterization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Identifies One Risk Signature and Two Nomograms for Clinical Management
Authors: Liu Zaoqu , Liu Long , Lu Taoyuan , Wang Libo , Li Zhaonan , Jiao Dechao , Han Xinwei
Published: January 2021

Hypoxia is a universal feature in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Nonetheless, the heterogeneous hypoxia patterns of TME have still not been elucidated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Using consensus clustering algorithm and public datasets, we identified heterogeneous hypoxia subtypes. We also revealed the specific biological and clinical characteristics via bioinformatic methods. The principal component analysis algorithm was employed to develop a hypoxia-associated risk score (HARS). We identified the two hypoxia subtypes: low hypoxia pattern (C1) and high hypoxia pattern (C2). C1 was less sensitive to immunotherapy compared to C2, consistent with the lack of immune cells and immune checkpoints (ICPs) in C1, whereas C2 was the opposite. C2 displayed worse prognosis and higher sensitivity to obatoclax relative to C1, while C1 was more sensitive to sorafenib. The two subtypes also demonstrated subtype-specific genomic variations including mutation, copy number alteration, and methylation. Moreover, we developed and validated a risk signature: HARS, which had excellent performance for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy. We revealed two hypoxia subtypes with distinct biological and clinical characteristics in HCC, which enhanced the understanding of hypoxia pattern. The risk signature was a promising biomarker for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy.
Icariin Promotes the Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Regulating Sclerostin and Activating the Wnt/β‐Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Gao Jianliang , Xiang Shouyu , Wei Xiao , Yadav Ram Ishwar , Han Menghu , Zheng Weihao , Zhao Lili , Shi Yichuan , Cao Yanming
Published: January 2021

Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic disease characterized by decreased bone mass and increased risk of fragility fractures, which significantly reduces the quality of life. Stem cell‐based therapies, especially using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), are a promising strategy for treating OP. Nevertheless, the survival and differentiation rates of the transplanted BMSCs are low, which limits their therapeutic efficiency. Icariin (ICA) is a traditional Chinese medicine formulation that is prescribed for tonifying the kidneys. It also promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, although the specific mechanism remains unclear. Based on our previous research, we hypothesized that ICA promotes bone formation via the sclerostin/Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. We isolated rat BMSCs and transfected them with sclerostin gene (SOST) overexpressing or knockdown constructs and assessed osteogenic induction in the presence or absence of ICA. Sclerostin significantly inhibited BMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, whereas the presence of ICA not only increased the number of viable BMSCs but also enhanced ALP activity and formation of calcium nodules during osteogenic induction. In addition, the osteogenic genes including Runx2, β‐catenin, and c‐myc as well as antioxidant factors (Prdx1, Cata, and Nqo1) were downregulated by sclerostin and restored by ICA treatment. Mechanistically, ICA exerted these effects by activating the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. In conclusion, ICA can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in situ and therefore may enhance the therapeutic efficiency of BMSC transplantation in OP.
A Cross-Domain Service Function Chain Deployment Scheme Based on Bargaining Game
Authors: Li Guoyan , Ren Yajuan , Liu Yi
Published: January 2021

Software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) technologies provide support for service function chain (SFC) deployment. As the scale of a network expands, SDN domains are maintained and managed by their respective network operators. When deploying an SFC in multiple domains, to protect the privacy of each domain is challenging. We propose a cross-domain SFC deployment scheme based on a bargaining game. We establish an effective cross-domain service chain system model and combine resource consumption cost and load balance to translate SFC deployment to an optimization problem. A bargaining game model is established so as to reasonably optimize these contradictory parameters. We solve the model by an improved imperialist competition algorithm and obtain the optimal node mapping relationship. Experimental results show that our method performs better than the current one in terms of network load balancing and mapping overhead and has better scalability.
An Adaptability Analysis of the Space-Vehicle Traffic State Estimation Model for Sparsely Distributed Observation Environment
Authors: Yang Han , Yu Qing
Published: January 2021

The autonomous driving has shown its enormous potential to become the new generation of transportation in the last decade. Based on the automated technology, vehicles can drive in a new form, vehicle platoon, which can significantly increase the efficiency of the road system and save road resources. The space-vehicle traffic state estimation model has shown its benefits in modeling autonomous vehicle platoon in nonpipeline corridors with on- and off-ramps in ideal observation environment. However, in the current initial stage of automated connected vehicles’ application, the observation environment is quite imperfect. Limited by financial and investment, traffic flow observation equipment is sparsely distributed on the road. How to adapt to the sparse observer layout is a critical issue in the current application of the space-time traffic state estimation, which is originally designed for the autonomous transportation. Therefore, this manuscript overviews the observation environment in practice and summarizes three key observation problems. This article designs 22 numerical experiments focusing on the three key issues and implements the space-time estimation model in different observation scenarios. Finally, the observation environment adaptability is analyzed in detail based on the experiment results. It is found that the accuracy of the estimation results can be improved with the highest efficiency under the premise of limited equipment input by reducing the observation interval to 1000 m and increasing the density of the observer to 1/km. For the road sections with relatively homogeneous traffic conditions, the layout of observation equipment can be relatively reduced to save the investment input. Also, the maintenance of observation equipment for the ramp with larger flow can be slowed down appropriately in limited equipment investment. This manuscript is of great practical significance to the popularization and application of connected automatic transportation.
Diurnal Variation in Visual Simple Reaction Time between and within Genders in Young Adults: An Exploratory, Comparative, Pilot Study
Authors: S Hanumantha , Kamath Ashwin , Shastry Rajeshwari
Published: January 2021

Simple reaction time (SRT) is the minimum time required to respond to a stimulus; it is a measure of processing speed. Our study aimed to determine the variation in visual SRT with time among individuals of the same gender and between genders. We carried out a prospective, parallel group, pilot study involving ten male and ten female medical students aged 18–25 years. After obtaining written informed consent, the participants were familiarized with the procedures, and each completed a single practice session of a computerized visual SRT which was administered using Psychology Experiment Building Language Version 2.0 software. On a predetermined day, the participants completed the exercise at 10 a.m., 1 p.m., and 5 p.m. The results showed no statistically significant difference in SRT based on time of day between genders (χ2(2) = 4.300,

p
=
0.116

) as well as within gender (males (χ2(2) = 0.600,

p
=
0.741

); females (χ2(2) = 5.000,

p
=
0.082

). Our study showed that visual SRT does not change significantly at different times of the day and within and between genders. Intraindividual variations in visual SRT can mask the presence of a small but significant difference; hence, further studies are warranted.
Management of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for High-Risk AML following SARS-CoV-2 Associated Pancytopenia with Marked Bone Marrow Biopsy Alterations
Authors: Kaparou Maria , Rudzki Zbigniew , Giles Hannah , Murthy Vidhya , Srinath Swathy , Lloyd Rebecca , Ahmed Maria Zahid , Salhan Beena , Chauhan Saleena , Kishore Bhuvan , Lovell Richard , Horgan Claire , Paneesha Shankara , Xenou Evgenia , Lokare Anand , Ewing Joanne , Dassanayake Hansini , Nikolousis Emmanouil , Kanellopoulos Alexandros
Published: January 2021

The present study describes a patient aged 70 with very high-risk AML who successfully received a nonmyeloablative matched unrelated donor allograft shortly following SARS-CoV-2 infection, which manifested with mild cough, interstitial abnormalities on chest CT, and pancytopenia with profound bone marrow biopsy histological alterations. In parallel, our study provides bone marrow biopsy data in a series of contemporary patients with serious haematological diseases who had a bone marrow biopsy performed within two weeks of PCR confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study is notable because there are no published data describing the bone marrow biopsy changes observed in patients with haematological malignancies and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, it is suggested that nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for very high-risk haematological malignancies can be successfully performed following recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease: A Case Series in a Tertiary Eye Center
Authors: Shrestha Pranav , Sharma Sadhana , Kharel Ranju
Published: January 2021

Purpose. To study the clinical spectrum of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease in a tertiary eye center in Nepal. Methods. Baseline demographic details and clinical features of six patients diagnosed as VKH in a tertiary eye center were retrospectively reviewed. Examinations included best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and slit lamp examination of anterior and posterior segments. Baseline blood investigations, chest X-ray, fundus photography, and fundus fluorescent angiography (FFA) were performed on all the patients. Results. The mean age at presentation was

46
±
8.43

years with female predominance (83.3%). The disease was complete in 16.7%, incomplete in 16.7%, and probable in 66.7% of the patients. Most cases presented in acute uveitis stage (66.7%). The most common finding in acute cases was serous retinal detachment (66.7%), followed by disc edema (58.3%), whereas in chronic cases, depigmented fundus was the most common. All cases had bilateral presentation. Conclusion. VKH is an important cause of bilateral loss of vision and has a good visual prognosis if aggressive treatment is initiated during the early stages.
A DSM‐Based CCPM‐MPL Representation Method for Project Scheduling under Rework Scenarios
Authors: Ma Guofeng , Wu Ming , Hao Keke , Shang Shanshan
Published: January 2021

Rework risks caused by information flow interactions have become a major challenge in project scheduling. To deal with this challenge, we propose a model integrating the critical chain project management method, design structure matrix method, and max‐plus method. Our model uses a start‐to‐start relationship of activities instead of the traditional finish‐to‐start relationship, which also allows overlaps between activities. We improve the accuracy of the rework safety time in two ways: (1) the overall overlapping effect is taken into consideration when calculating the rework time of an activity arising from the information flow interaction of its multiple predecessors overlapped with it; (2) the rework time arising from activity overlaps, the first rework time, and the second rework time are calculated as components of the rework safety time in our model, while the last one is ignored in traditional methods. Furthermore, the accuracy of time buffers is improved based on the improved rework safety time. Finally, we design the max‐plus method to generate project schedules and appropriately sized time buffers. The empirical results show that the project schedule generated by the proposed method has a higher on‐time completion probability, as well as more appropriately sized project buffers.
Exploring Research Trends and Building a Multidisciplinary Framework Related to Brownfield: A Visual Analysis Using CiteSpace
Authors: Zhang Xinjia , Song Yang , Wang Shijun , Qian Sitong
Published: January 2021

Brownfield has become one of the critical issues in modern cities. Over the past few decades, a considerable number of papers on brownfield research have been published. This study reviewed 773 documents themed with “brownfield” in the Web of Science core database between 1980 and 2020 and used the CiteSpace software to sort out the spatial and temporal distribution, knowledge groups, subject structures and hotspot fields, and evolutionary trends of global brownfield research. The analysis focuses on distribution of lead authors and their institutions, high‐frequency categories and keywords, high influential journals, author contribution, and evolutionary trends based on coword analysis, coauthor analysis, cocitation analysis, and cluster analysis of documents. On the basis of the aforementioned keywords, clusters, and citation bursts analysis, this paper establishes a multidisciplinary framework for brownfield research, suggesting the main research directions for the future development, which provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the research direction of future brownfield research.
Higher Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) and Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI) Were Independently Associated with Increased Risks of Hypertension in Patients with T2DM: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Su Weijuan , Chen Guobing , Ma Danyan , Zeng Jinyang , Yan Fangfang , Lin Xiaoyan , Xu Ziqing , Yang Shuyu , Li Zhibin , Liu Changqin
Published: January 2021

Objective. The current study aimed to explore the relationship between OSAS and hypertension and whether polysomnography (PSG) indices were independently associated with hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods. This study recruited 316 T2DM patients. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the independent association of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) with hypertension with adjustment for potential confounders. Results. Among 316 patients, 130 (41.1%) and 204 (64.6%) had hypertension and OSAS, respectively. T2DM patients with hypertension showed significantly increased levels of AHI ((median (interquartile range)): 17.2 (5.7–34.9) vs. 5.7 (2.1–17.3) events/hour,

p

 < 0.001), nonrapid eye movement AHI (NREM-AHI) (17.6 (5.5–36.5) vs. 5.2 (2.2–16.6) events/hour,

p

 < 0.001), ODI (48.4 (21.9–78.0) vs. 22.6 (10.8–48.1) events/hour,

p

 < 0.001), and severities of OSAS and decreased levels of lowest SaO2 ((mean ± standard deviation): 74.0 ± 10.4 vs. 77.3 ± 9.8,

p

 = 0.004). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that higher levels of AHI, NREM-AHI, and ODI were significantly associated with increased risks of hypertension, and the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI were 1.026 (1.008–1.044,

p

 = 0.004), 1.026 (1.009–1.044,

p

 = 0.003), and 1.005 (1.001–1.010,

p

 = 0.040), respectively. Compared with non-OSAS, severe OSAS was significantly associated with the risk of hypertension with the adjusted OR (95% CI) of 3.626 (1.609–8.172,

p

 = 0.002), but associations of rapid eye movement AHI (REM-AHI) and lowest SaO2 with hypertension were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Increased AHI, NREM-AHI, ODI, and severities of OSAS were significantly associated with higher risks of hypertension in T2DM patients. Detection and treatment of OSAS are needed to prevent hypertension in T2DM patients.
The Role of Artificial and Nonartificial Intelligence in the New Product Success with Moderating Role of New Product Innovation: A Case of Manufacturing Companies in China
Authors: Jianjun Hou , Yao Yi , Hameed Javaria , Kamran Hafiz Waqas , Nawaz Muhammad Atif , Aqdas Ramaisa , Patwary Ataul Karim
Published: January 2021

Currently, there is an increasing trend in the organizations towards examining the artificial intelligence and nonartificial intelligence for the innovation and success of the new product, as well as getting the intentions of the upcoming researchers. Thus, the purpose of the ongoing study is to examine the role of artificial and nonartificial intelligence in the new product success along with the moderating role of new product innovation in the manufacturing organizations of China. The quantitative methods have been followed by the study and gathered the responses from the respondents using questionnaires, and analysis has been conducted by using the smart‐PLS. The results exposed that artificial intelligence and nonartificial intelligence have positive and significant nexus with the new product success. The outcomes also revealed that the new product innovation significantly moderated the links among the nonartificial intelligence and new product success, but it insignificantly moderated the links among the artificial intelligence and new product success in the manufacturing organizations of China. These findings have provided the guidelines to the manufacturing companies and their policies developing authorities that they should be developed and implement the suitable policies regarding the adoption of artificial intelligence and nonartificial intelligence that enhance the success of the new product, which ultimately enhances the success of the organization.
A 30-Year Systematic Review of Professional Ethics and Teacher Preparation
Authors: Decker Dawn M. , Wolfe Jordan L. , Belcher Chelsey K.
Published: January 2021

Professional ethics in teacher preparation is an area that has received minimal attention in the special education literature. In this systematic review, 18 journals affiliated with the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) were examined for their coverage of professional ethics over a 30-year period (1988–2018). Results showed that an average of about two articles were published each year on professional ethics and that the majority of the articles were nonempirical academic papers. Only 14% of the articles referenced the CEC’s Code of Ethics and/or Standards for Professional Practice. More than 40% of the articles addressing professional ethics acknowledged ethical issues related to teacher preparation, yet there were no empirical studies conducted with preservice special education teachers. Future directions for research and practice are discussed.
On the Surprising Implications of Coercion Theory
Authors: Ronzoni Miriam
Published: January 2021

According to much of self-labelled coercion theory, the state is both the ground of egalitarian demands of distributive justice, and the (sole) domain to which such demands apply, in virtue of its exercise of coercive power which only distributive equality can justify. This article argues that, when properly unpacked in its theoretical commitments, coercion theory has surprising implications both within and beyond borders. Within borders, coercion is either *fully* justified by its necessity for autonomy; or it is not, in which case egalitarian distributions cannot do the trick, either – although *political* equality might. Beyond borders, the view turns out to have significantly demanding global implications, contrary to how it is often presented. It indeed differs from global egalitarianism simpliciter, but it gives rise to an interesting, complex set of cross-border obligations which reach far beyond the ‘global sufficiency, domestic equality’ picture. This surprising account of the implications of coercion theory rests on a crucial insight: when closely examined, the view turns out to be grounded in a natural duty of justice account of political obligation.
Similar use of intonation structure in early implanted children and hearing children: The case of Italian
Authors: Zanchi Paola , Zampini Laura , Pancani Luca , Berici Roberta , D’Imperio Mariapaola
Published: January 2021

This work presents an analysis of the intonation competence in a group of Italian children with cochlear implant (CI). Early cochlear implantation plays a crucial role in language development for children who were born deaf in that it favours the acquisition of complex aspects of language, such as the intonation structure. A story-generation task, the Narrative Competence Task, was used to elicit children’s stories. Narrations produced by 8 early implanted children and by 16 children with typically hearing (TH) (8 one-to-one matched considering the chronological age, TH-CA, and 8 considering the hearing age, TH-HA) were analysed considering intonation features (pitch accent distribution, edge tones and inner breaks). Results show that children with CI produce intonation patterns that are similar to those of both TH-CA and TH-HA control groups. Few significant differences were found only between children with CI and children matched for TH-HA in the use of rising edge tones. These results are discussed in light of the role of cognitive development in using prosody and intonation and the importance of early CI implantation. This study shows for the first time that intonation use of early implanted children is not different from that of typically developing children with the same chronological age.
The Rise of Covenant-Lite Bond Contracting
Authors: Gietzmann Miles , Isidro Helena , Raonic Ivana
Published: January 2021

We investigate the trading and yield effects of covenant-lite (cov-lite) high-yield bond contracts, which have a restricted (lite) set of covenants. The excluded covenants often are those that use accounting performance measures. Although much research has focused on the potential benefits of accounting as a basis for debt contracting, little is known about settings where it may be optimal to exclude accounting performance statistics from public debt contracts. We find that cov-lite high-yield bonds have a higher trading turnover and lower yield spreads. Our findings provide empirical support for theory, which predicts, for optimal bond covenant design, that a trade-off between improving trading ease versus enhanced investor protection needs to be managed. These results enhance our understanding of the limits of accounting’s role in (bond) contracting design.