bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH AND EMOTIONAL BURNOUT OF TEACHERS
Authors: Жданова Л.Г. , Шакурова А.А.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена изучению проблемы психологического здоровья и эмоционального выгорания педагогов. Рассматриваются такие понятия, как «здоровье», «психологическое здоровье», а также анализируются различные исследования по проблеме психологического здоровья, эмоционального выгорания и профессиональной деформации. Психологическое здоровье педагога можно рассматривать как совокупность значимых качеств, повышающих эффективность выполнения профессиональных обязанностей. Основными факторами, влияющими на уровень психологического здоровья профессионала, являются личностные особенности и специфика его деятельности. Проявления профессиональных деформаций у педагогических работников отрицательно сказываются на их психологическом здоровье, а также в целом качестве образовательного процесса. Риск профессионального выгорания смягчает стабильная и привлекательная работа, предоставляющая возможности для творчества, профессионального и личностного роста, удовлетворенность качеством жизни в различных ее аспектах, наличие разнообразных интересов, перспективные жизненные планы.

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of psychological health and emotional burnout of teachers. Such concepts as “health”, “psychological health” are considered, and various studies on the problem of psychological health, emotional burnout and professional deformation are analyzed. The psychological health of a teacher can be considered as a set of significant qualities that increase the effectiveness of performing professional duties. The main factors influencing the level of psychological health of a professional are personal characteristics and the specifics of his activity. Manifestations of professional deformations in teaching staff have a negative impact on their psychological health, as well as on the quality of the educational process. The risk of professional burnout is mitigated by a stable and attractive job that provides opportunities for creativity, professional and personal growth, satisfaction with the quality of life in its various aspects, the presence of diverse interests, and promising life plans.
FEATURES OF THE ETHNIC IDENTITY OF STUDENTS OF A PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Перфилова С.Н.
Published: October 2024

В условиях крайнего проявления русофобских настроений и ведения информационной гибридной войны коалицией западных стран против России тема консолидации русской нации как государствообразующего народа и коренных этнических меньшинств всё более становится нуждающейся в тщательной проработке, дополнительных теоретических и эмпирических исследованиях. Анализ ряда последних исследований и публикаций различных направлений науки: этнологии, социологии, культурологии, антропологии, этнопсихологии, истории, философии – показал наличие запроса на развитие Русского мира и русскость как надэтническую идентичность, характерную для большинства населения России, особо проявляемую в периоды опасности. Более явно это видно из-за рубежа, когда всех выходцев из России и постсоветских республик называют русскими, не дифференцируя их по этносу. Данный аспект представляется малоизученным эмпирически и представляет интерес для нашего исследования. В статье рассматриваются особенности этнической идентичности студентов педагогического вуза, представлены результаты психолого-диагностического исследования типов этноидентичности, её уровня позитивности / неопределённости, значимости принадлежности к русскому народу вне зависимости от этничности, значимости гражданства России.

In the context of the extreme manifestation of Russophobic sentiments and the conduct of an information hybrid war by the coalition of Western countries against Russia, the topic of consolidation of the Russian nation as a state-forming people and indigenous ethnic minorities is increasingly in need of careful study and additional theoretical and empirical research. An analysis of a number of recent studies and publications in various fields of science: ethnology, sociology, cultural studies, anthropology, ethnopsychology, history, philosophy has shown the existence of a demand for the development of the Russian world and Russianness as a supra-ethnic identity, characteristic of the majority of the population of Russia, especially manifested in times of danger. This is more clearly seen from abroad, when all immigrants from Russian Federationand the post-Soviet republics are called Russians, without differentiating them by ethnicity. This aspect seems to be poorly studied empirically and is of interest for our study. The article discusses the features of the ethnic identity of students of a pedagogical university, presents the results of a psychological and diagnostic study of the types of ethnic identity, its level of positivity/uncertainty, the importance of belonging to the Russian people regardless of ethnicity, the importance of Russian citizenship.
OVERCOMING THE COMMUNICATIVE RISKS OF HEADS OF EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Косарева Е.Ю.
Published: October 2024

Эффективность управления образовательной организации определяется уровнем коммуникативной культуры руководителя. В статье представлены результаты исследования коммуникативных рисков директоров школ, возникающих во взаимодействии с педагогами, родителями обучающихся, коллегами-директорами, руководством, представителями средств массовой информации. Необходимо формировать готовность директора к публичной коммуникации, командообразованию, конструктивному разрешению конфликтов в профессиональных ситуациях, развивать навыки эмоционального интеллекта и саморегуляции. Решение указанной проблемы предполагает пересмотр содержания и технологий профессиональной подготовки, повышения квалификации менеджеров в образовании, создание системы психологического сопровождения управленческой деятельности в образовании.

The effectiveness of the management of an educational organization is determined by the level of the principal’s communicative culture. The article presents the results of a study of the communicative risks of school principals arising in interaction with teachers, parents of students, another principals, school management, and representatives of the media. It is necessary to form the principal’s readiness for public communication, team building, constructive conflict resolution in professional situations, and develop skills of emotional intelligence and self-regulation. The solution to this problem involves a revision of the content and technologies of professional training, advanced training of managers in education, and the creation of a system of psychological support for managerial activities in education.
THE IDENTITY OF A PROFESSIONAL IN DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS
Authors: Корнилова О.А.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена вопросам идентичности личности, идентичности профессионала в цифровых коммуникациях. Акцент сделан на том, что процесс цифровизации размывает границы между публичным и личным, нарушает сложившиеся отношения и формы идентичности. В современной реальности возникает разрыв между представлением человека о самом себе и тем, как он представлен в Сети – классическое противостояние, лежащее в основе кризиса идентичности индивида. Общество ни психологически, ни нравственно, ни юридически не готово к подобным особенностям коммуникаций. Выход из данной ситуации либо конформизм, либо отказ от каких-либо активных действий, однако такой выход непродуктивен. Утрата устойчивости профессиональной идентичности в настоящее время является серьезной психологической проблемой, требующей незамедлительного решения.

The article presents the issues of personal identity, the identity of a professional in digital communications. It focuses on how the process of digitalization blurs the boundaries between public and private, disrupting established relationships and forms of identity. In the modern world, there is a growing gap between an individual's self-perception and their online representation – a classic conflict that underlies the crisis of personal identity. Society is not yet psychologically, morally, or legally prepared for such communication features. The way out of this situation is either conformism or rejection of any active actions; however, such a solution is unproductive. The loss of stable professional identity is stimulating a serious psychological problem in the modern world, requiring immediate attention.
SELF-ORGANIZATION OF THE STAGES OF FORMATION OF SUBJECTHOOD OF STUDENTS IN THE STUDY GROUP IN THE PROCESS OF FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY
Authors: Капцов А.В. , Мишакова Г.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрен феномен самоорганизации стадий становления субъектности обучающихся 4-го курса в процессе учебного взаимодействия. В качестве диагностического инструментария использовалась методика ОСС-С5 В. И. Панова, А. В. Капцова, Е. И. Колесниковой и экопсихологический вариант социометрии. Мониторинг стадий становления субъектности (два среза с интервалом один месяц) в учебной группе выявил продуктивную динамику показателей по шести из семи стадий. В исследованной учебной группе с частотой субъект-совместного и субъект-нормативного взаимодействия в диапазоне 0,4–0,6 эмпирически выявлен феномен самоорганизации обучающихся на стадии становления субъектности «Мастер». Решение нелинейных разностных уравнений с помощью пакета StatSoft STATISTICA10.0 позволило обнаружить наличие двух аттракторов на диаграмме Ламерея: первый в окрестности точки 0,9 в относительных единицах показателей субъектности на стадии «Мастер» и второй аттрактор в районе 1,45.

The article considers the phenomenon of self-organization of the stages of formation of subjecthood of 4th year students in the process of educational interaction. The OSS-S 5 methodology of V. I. Panov, A. V. Kaptsov, E. I. Kolesnikova and the ecopsychological variant of sociometry were used as diagnostic tools. Monitoring of the stages of subjecthood formation (2 slices with an interval of one month) in the study group revealed productive dynamics of indicators for six of the seven stages. In the studied study group, with the frequency of subject-joint and subject-normative interaction in the range of 0.4–0.6, the phenomenon of self-organization of students at the stage of formation of subjecthood «Master» was empirically revealed. Solving nonlinear difference equations using the StatSoft STATISTICA10.0 package made it possible to detect the presence of two attractors on the Lameray diagram: the first in the vicinity of the point 0.9 in relative units of subjecthood indicators at the «Master» stage and the second attractor in the area of 1.45.
Legal responsibility of mining companies for agricultural land damage due to mining activities in Wasile district, East Halmahera Regency
Authors: Arsad Jamal Hi , Faisal Faisal , Ahmad Imran , Budiono Arief
Published: October 2024

The problematic activities of mining companies towards agricultural land damage should no longer be a collegial problem, but have logical consequences for society and the environment. Furthermore, it has become a shared responsibility of humanity. Natural resources are a trigger for excessive use of environmental services. Therefore, the reason some people exploit environmental capital is not only intended to survive, but instead is based on the basis of interests alone. The purpose of this study is to analyze the form of legal responsibility of mining companies for agricultural land damage due to mining activities in Wasile District, East Halmahera Regency. The research method used in this study is the empirical legal research method, through literature studies and field studies, namely conducting interviews. Environmental protection and management requires the development of an integrated system in the form of a national policy for environmental protection and management that must be implemented in a principled and consistent manner from the center to the regions. Legal responsibilities of mining companies include: The company must ensure that environmental costs are included in the management fund including environmental preservation after mining activities are carried out.
AI as a tool to enhance digital arbitration effectiveness (Analytical study under silicon valley arbitration center guidelines)
Authors: Azab Rania S. , Ismail Hosameldin H.
Published: October 2024

This research addresses the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing effectiveness of electronic arbitration, focusing on Silicon Valley Arbitration Center guidelines. The research is intended to assess effectiveness of those guidelines in enhancing justice, efficiency and transparency of arbitration procedures, analyze impact of artificial intelligence on expediting the arbitration process and assess accuracy and objectivity of arbitral decisions should those guidelines are followed. The research also provides practical recommendations to implement artificial intelligence in the field of arbitration, focusing on improvement of Egyptian Arbitration Act to support using that sophisticated technology. The research highlights significance of technology in improving legal processes and introducing justice in a more efficient and effective form. It also reviews benefits and challenges pertaining to using artificial intelligence in electronic arbitration. Moreover, the research poses key questions on legal and ethical effects and the challenges encounter implementation of artificial intelligence in this field, and how the existing legal systems adapt to that technology.
Ethnocultural technologies of vocal training of students of pedagogical universities of China
Authors: Tingting Zhang , Tagiltseva Natalia G.
Published: October 2024

The training of music teachers in China's pedagogical universities is based on strategies for linking national cultural traditions and innovative education systems in other countries. Today, special attention is paid to the training of music teachers, which is due to the increased demand of children and parents for music education. The deepening of such training is facilitated by the special specializations of students, which allow them to acquire knowledge and performing skills in a particular type of musical activity in the final semesters of study at the university. But, since students receive education in pedagogical universities, this performance training should be based on Chinese ethnocultural traditions, and be organically combined with pedagogical training. The article examines an ethnocultural technologist based on the traditions of the national Chinese opera, contributing to the formation of stage skills necessary both for staging an opera performance by students and for replenishing the pedagogical baggage of a school music teacher. The introduction of this technology into the "Performing Arts" subject of the "Vocal Music" specialization among fourth-year students has shown its effectiveness both for staging fragments of opera performances, not only by Chinese but also by Western composers and for replenishing the pedagogical skills of future music teachers.
Machine learning-driven polygenic risk scores for bipolar disorder, depression, and panic disorder
Authors: Benoumhani Sara , Jabeen Saima , AlEissa Mariam M
Published: October 2024

Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) is a computational tech- nique that uses various genomic data to simultaneously analyze an individ- ual’s genetic risk for particular illnesses or traits. However, the traditional PRS computation has a few weaknesses, including its limited capacity to account for just a portion of trait variance, susceptibility to overfitting, and insufficient ability to discriminate among the larger population. Machine Learning (ML) methods offer a promising alternative to the traditional method by avoiding the problem of overfitting and improving accuracy. This study aims to develop an ML model for improved PRS calculation. We used the summary statistics for three mentals diseases, bipolar, depression, and panic disorder, from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) as a disease reference. We also obtained actual genotype data of individuals from OpenSNP, which includes both case and control samples. This data is used for predicting scores. The suggested approach, called Polygenic Risk Score Neural Network (PRSNN), calculates the PRS using weight vectors that estimate the relevance of each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with a particular phenotype by deep learning model as an alternative to the traditional method. This study aims to develop a machine learning model, called PRSNN, for improved calculation of Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS). The PRSNN method outperforms the conventional method in identifying individuals at risk of mental disease. A novel deep-learning approach, named as PRSNN, is proposed for generating PRSs. The results demonstrate that it outperforms the traditional method of computing PRS for complex diseases. Further upgrades for this tool are required to overcome the current limitations, including lack of validation with external data from different ancestries, which may limit the applicability of the PRSNN method across diverse populations, and the small sample size, which may affect the results.
Intellectual landscape of scholarly work on 21st century skills: A bibliometric and science mapping analysis
Authors: Shareefa Mariyam , Moosa Visal , Hoo Wong Chee , Wider Walton , Wolor Christian Wiradendi
Published: October 2024

A quick search on Google Scholar for the exact phrase ‘21st century skills’ resulted in three thousand plus results. More than two-third of these are dated within the last decade, indicating growing attention to the topic in the academia. The purpose of the current study is to investigate existing literature on 21st century skills by employing techniques of bibliometric and science mapping analysis to provide a helicopter view of scholarly work on 21st century skills. The search was conducted on SCOPUS database during 2021 using the keyword ‘21st century skills’ which produced 1644 results. Further refinements were made using publication year, document type and language reducing the sample size to 1281 documents. Data were analysed employing various bibliometric indicators such as number of publications, contributing authors, institutions and countries, citation, co-citation, and keywords. The results indicated an exponential growth in the number scholarly publication on the topic since 2010. Similarly, a positive trend in average citations was also observed in recent years. USA was the biggest contributor to the number of publications, followed by Indonesia, and Malaysia respectively. With respect to author collaboration, Nussbaum, M. was found the highest collaborator, followed by Griffin P., and Sharples M. while among the institutions, University of Melbourne was at the top. Analysis of the keywords revealed that, specific 21st century skills, learning tools and processes, technological advancement, and education and training are amongst the most common research themes. Findings of the current study provide insights into future research trends on the topic of 21st century skills.
FLAVONOID AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY ANALYSIS OF ANTHOCYANIN BLACK RICE BRAN EXTRACT (ABRIBE) CV CEMPO IRENG ORIGIN FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Iswanti Wiza , Budijanto Slamet , Abdullah Murdani
Published: October 2024

Black rice is an indigenous food in Indonesia that is rich in anthocyanins, a group of plant pigments that are also found in berries. Despite the similarity in anthocyanin content, the high cost and limited availability of berries have restricted their use for extraction. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the total anthocyanin, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of black rice bran. To achieve this, the extraction was conducted with maceration using ethanol-citric acid and freeze-drying techniques. The process involved several stages, such as making black rice bran powder, maceration, homogenization, filtration, evaporation, and freeze-drying. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer was used to determine the total anthocyanin and flavonoid content, as well as antioxidant activity. The result showed a total anthocyanin content and the total flavonoid content of 2.48 ± 0.17 mg/gram and 3.76 ± 0.000 mg QE/g freeze-dried extract, respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of black rice bran CV Cempo Ireng extract and ascorbic acid as a standard was measured in terms of half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in the form of percentage inhibition (%I), with values of 112.42 ± 2.368 and 7.18 ± 0.042 μg/mL, respectively.
INCREASING THE SHELF-LIFE TROUT FILLETS BY SODIUM CASEINATE-PERSIAN GUM BIOCOMPOSITE FILM INCORPORATED WITH GINGER EXTRACT
Authors: Khezerlou Arezou , Sani Mahmood Alizadeh , Zolfaghari Hajar , Kia Ehsan Moghaddas , Ehsan Ali
Published: October 2024

The effects of sodium caseinate (SC)-Persian gum (PG) films enriched with Zingiber officinale extract (ZOE) were investigated on the quality of rainbow trout over a 16 day at 4°C. The trout filets were divided to 4 groups as uncoated, coated with SC-PG, SC-PG-1% ZOE and SC-PG-1.5% ZOE. Sensorial, chemical and microbial characteristics of trout samples were evaluated on 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 days of storage. GC-MS analysis exhibited that ZOE is rich in phenolic compounds including zingiberene and cis-6-shogaol. Active films embedded with 1.5% of ZOE revealed a remarkable decline in bacterial growth over the storage time. Wrapping with SC-PG-1.5%ZOE composite film tended to delay the elevation of thiobarbituric acid and peroxide value. Samples containing 1.5% ZOE were mostly preferred by sensory panelists. Based on the results of the present study, the edible films were suitable candidates for preserving quality properties and extending the shelf life of rainbow trout fillets.
TWO-STEP CONTROLLED FERMENTATION USING NISIN Z-PRODUCING LACTOCOCCUS LACTIS SSP. LACTIS AND SELECTED STRAINS OF THE GENUS LACTIPLANTIBACILLUS SPP.
Authors: Sosa Franco , Parada Romina B. , Marguet Emilio , Vallejo Marisol
Published: October 2024

Spontaneous fermentation of Brassica vegetables is an ancient method that improves the foods' sensory properties, safety, and shelf life. However, in recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying controlled fermentation with lactic acid bacteria selected based on their technological properties. This study reported the inhibitory activity of a Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis of marine origin and the evolution of a two-step controlled fermentation using the cited strain and two selected Lactiplantibacillus strains. Lc. lactis ssp. lactis was studied by phenotypic and genotypic methods. The inhibitory activity was assayed against common contaminants and pathogens. The strain behaviour in Chinese cabbage and white cabbage fermentation was studied by monitoring the cell count and inhibitory activity against Listeria innocua ATCC 33090. The two-step controlled fermentation of Chinese and white cabbage was conducted using, in the first step, the Lactococcus strain and, in the second step, the two Lactiplantibacillus strains. The evolution of the processes was monitored by cell counts and pH measurements. PCR amplification confirmed the presence of nisin Z gen in the Lc. lactis ssp. lactis strain. The bacteriocin exerted inhibitory activity against Gram-positive related species but not against Gram-negative ones.  The results obtained in the controlled fermentation suggested that the combination of the selected strains is compatible and may improve the fermented matrices' safety.
IMPACT OF ENRICHED CO2 IN MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING ON THE PRESERVATION OF “PALMARITAS” STRAWBERRIES AND THE EXTENSION OF THEIR SHELF LIFE
Authors: Zantar Yousra , Noutfia Younes , Laglaoui Amin , Benicha Mohamed , Baguena Ibtissam , Zantar Said , Hassani Zerrouk Mounir
Published: October 2024

This study evaluated the effect of modified atmospheres (MAPs) with low oxygen levels (2.5%) and high carbon dioxide levels (from 5 to 20%) on strawberries. During 12 days of storage at 4°C, various quality and chemical content parameters were evaluated. These including decay, color, weight loss, firmness, total soluble solids, total polyphenols, anthocyanins, and flavonoids, as well as antioxidant capacity and individual phenolic compounds (quercetin, caffeic acid, gallic acid, (-) epicatechin, and p-coumaric acid). Results showed that high CO2 levels had a positive impact on strawberry preservation: weight loss was reduced, anthocyanin content increased, decay and softening were significantly reduced, and vitamin C content was maintained. At the same time, these high concentrations of CO2 did not affect sugar content, color, antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compounds, or total flavonoid compounds of strawberries. A storage time of 12 days at 4°C, under MAP with an initial gas condition of 2.5% O2 + 15% CO2 + 82.5% N2 or 2.5% O2 + 20% CO2 + 77.5% N2, was found to be ideal for preserving the quality of fresh strawberries.
ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIOXIDANT, AND OPTIMAL CONDITION FOR EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES SECRATED FROM NEW LOCAL STRAIN-ISOLATE Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis strain Iraq-Basrah 3
Authors: Hussein Khulood Abdulkareem , Niamah Alaa Kareem , Majeed Kithar Rasheed
Published: October 2024

Metabolic products of exopolysaccharide (EPS) generated by LAB strains have several biomedical effects. Our study focused on the isolation of a new strain of Bifidobacterium spp. From the sources of children's feces, examining them to choose the best EPS-producing strain, studying all the optimal conditions to increase the efficiency of producing more EPS, knowing the stage of their production, and finally introducing them into biomedical applications to test their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. EPS is secreted by the most efficient new local strain Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis strain Iraq-Basrah 3 was extracted and purified, resulting in the highest production (2.08±0.41 g/L) in 1% (w/v) starch, which is the best carbon source with the best inoculum size of 1% (v/v) in 18 h at 37 °C and a pH value of 6.5. Coinciding with the best production phase, the generation time for the new strain was 32.2 min, and maximum production occurred after 16 h (2,45 g/L) to 20 h (2.14 g/L) between the end of the logarithmic phase and the early stationary phase. EPS exhibited antimicrobial activity, where S. aureus (17.24±1.2 mm) and E. coli (16.6±0.94 mm) were immediately resistant to EPS. In contrast, other pathogens were resistant to EPS, whereas strong antioxidant activity was observed at a concentration of 1500 µg/ml (84.43±0.95%). Through this study, we have proven that optimal conditions directly affect the quantity and production of EPS and that it has an inhibitory effect on some microbes in addition to being a natural antioxidant for DPPH free radicals.
EFFECT OF SELECTED NATURAL EXTRACTS ON ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND SENSORY QUALITY OF VARIOUS CEREAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Bojňanská Tatiana , Čech Matej , Kolesárová Anna , Ivanišová Eva , Joanidis Patrícia
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to observe antioxidant properties as well as possible changes in sensory quality of selected bakery products after their enrichment with chosen natural extracts. Four types of natural extracts in mixture with wheat flour were used in various amounts for preparation of selected bakery products (wheat bread, sweet biscuits, salty crackers, and muffins). Specifically: turmeric (Curcuma longa, L.) rhizome extract (curcumin), quercetin dihydrate extracted from the pods of Sophora japonica, L., and extracts from medicinal fungus Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) and Maitake (Grifola frondosa) were used as additions. Antioxidant properties in total antioxidant activity (TAA; using DPPH radical scavenging assay), total polyphenols content and total phenolic acids content were examined, as well as the effect of selected natural extracts on the sensory properties of bakery products (intensity of certain characteristics and overall preference). The results of antioxidant properties varied according to the used extract and its amount. Compared with control products, the TAA was significantly higher in all enriched products. While the total polyphenol content was the highest in the bread and biscuits with quercetin (20.623 mg and 18.117 mg GAE.g-1, respectively), the total phenolic acids content was the highest in those with curcumin (8.846 mg and 3.286 mg CAE.g-1, respectively). The intensity of other smell and taste of enriched bakery products influenced considerably overall acceptance, e.g. the products with quercetin associated with bitter taste were evaluated as unfavourable. On the other hand, the breads and crackers with Shiitake extract with indistinct antioxidant properties were evaluated the best, followed with curcumin and Maitake extract. Considering our overall results, we can recommend chosen non-bakery raw materials for a production of new, innovative designed cereal-based products.
MEAT PERFORMANCE AND MEAT QUALITY OF WILD DUCKS (ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS) REARED IN DOMESTIC CONDITIONS
Authors: Hascik Peter , Pavelková Adriana , Fik Martin , Bučko Ondřej
Published: October 2024

The aim of the work was to evaluate the meat performance, colour and basic chemical composition (g.100 g-1 of water, protein, fat, and cholesterol) of the breast and thigh muscles (n=20) of the wild ducks reared in domestic conditions. The L* values of the wild ducks ranged from 32.86 (breast muscle) to 36.88 (thigh muscle). The a* value ranged from 10.70 (thigh muscle) to 11.96 (breast muscle). By evaluating the b* parameter, we observed a similar tendency as with the L* value. The highest b* values were measured in the thigh muscle (10.13) and lower in the breast muscle (7.49). The proportion of breast (36.41%) and thigh (21.33%) from the carcass weight of wild ducks is relatively high, and a high average carcass yield (74.03%) was also found. The water content varied from 71% (thigh muscle) to 72.52% (breast muscle). The average protein content of breast 24.11 g.100 g-1 and thigh muscle was 22.84 g.100 g-1. The higher fat content was measured in breast muscle (1.82 g.100 g-1) and lower (1.45 g.100 g-1) in thigh muscle. The cholesterol content in meat from wild ducks ranged from 0.049 g.100 g-1 (thigh muscle) to 0.051 g.100 g-1 (breast muscle).
MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) MEAT TREATED WITH ROSEMARY AND THYME DRIED HERBS AND ESSENTIAL OILS
Authors: Timoracká Ivana , Kunová Simona , Zachar Lovászová Viktória , Demianová Alžbeta , Poláková Katarína , Korčok Melina , Kačániová Miroslava
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the effects of thyme and rosemary dried herbs, as well as thyme and rosemary essential oils (1%, w/v), on the microbiological quality of vacuum-packed rainbow trout meat stored under refrigerated conditions (4 ± 1 °C) for 7 days. The microbiological quality of meat was monitored based on total viable counts, coliform bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria counts over a designated storage period (on the 0th, 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day of storage). As expected, the highest total viable counts were observed on the 7th day of storage in the untreated aerobically packed control group reaching 5.723 ± 0.021 CFU.g-1. The tested treatments showed potential in reducing the growth of bacteria in rainbow trout meat samples. Across all bacterial groups under investigation, rosemary essential oil appears to have the most advantageous effect in inhibiting bacterial growth compared to other tested treatments. Cultivated isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and assigned to 33 species belonging to 14 families. The most prevalent family was Enterobacteriaceae (18.99%), and the most abundant species found in samples was Hafnia alvei (8.86%). Our findings suggest the potential of using thyme and rosemary in both essential oil and dried forms as natural preservatives to enhance the microbiological quality and longevity of refrigerated rainbow trout meat.
IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALYSIS OF RICE VARIETIES AGAINST VARIOUS LEVELS OF SALT STRESS
Authors: Jehan Kalsoom , Sayyar Khan Mohammad , Iqbal Navid , Ullah Mazhar , Malik Shahana , Muhammad Khan Amir
Published: October 2024

Salinity is a significant environmental factor that greatly impacts plant yield, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. The study examined the response of two rice varieties (Swat-1 and Pakhal) to salinity stress on the callus. Various salt concentrations were utilized. Among the two varieties, Swat-1 displayed the highest rate of callogenesis in the initial results. The Calli were exposed to varying concentrations of salt (50mM, 100mM, and 150mM), with each concentration tested in three replicates. Under the influence of stress, Swat-1 experienced a decrease in its Relative growth rate (RGR), whereas Pakhal remained steady at 50mM and 100mM. It was only at 150mM that Pakhal also exhibited a decline in RGR. Regarding water content, the stress caused a decrease in the content. At the highest stress level (150mM), the lowest water content was observed. The impact on soluble sugars was also noteworthy. As stress levels rose, concentrations of total sugars also increased. Similar findings were noted for proline, with stress leading to an increase in its concentration. Out of the two varieties, Pakhal appeared to have the highest proline accumulation. Similarly, there was a noticeable upward trend observed in catalase activity. There was a significant increase in catalase activity in both varieties after being exposed to stress for 30 and 60 days. The findings indicate that both varieties effectively developed strategies to combat salinity stress. They exhibited high concentrations of total soluble sugars and proline, as well as demonstrated significant catalase activity.
CONTROL OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS BY CELL-FREE SUPERNATANT OF BREVIBACILLUS LATEROSPORUS BGSP7 AND BGSP9
Authors: Mirkovic Nemanja , Radulovic Zorica , Jovcic Branko , Stanisavljevic Nemanja , Kojic Milan , Oz Fatih , Proestos Charalampos , Heinz Volker , Tomasevic Igor
Published: October 2024

The presence of pathogens in food has increased awareness of food safety, but it also causes large economic losses. Fresh meat and meat products contain a sufficient quantity of proteins, lipids, water, and a favorable pH that stimulates the growth of various microorganisms, including pathogens.
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Brevibacillus laterosporus BGSP7 (CFS-BGSP7) and BGSP9 (CFS-BGSP9) cell-free supernatants in the control of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus in raw meat and meat products.
Raw meat and meat products were sliced and then aseptically treated by immersion for 2 minutes into solutions containing: i) CFS-BGSP7; ii) CFS-BGSP9; iii) no treatment. The samples were then artificially contaminated with: Group I – L. monocytogenes (~4 log cfu g-1); Group II – S. aureus LMM322 (~4 log cfu g-1). Each sample was individually aseptically vacuum-packed and stored at 4°C for 8 weeks. The number of surviving bacteria in the samples were analyzed immediately after contamination with L. monocytogenes and S. aureus and at regular time-intervals: after 1, 3, 5 and 8 weeks of storage at 4°C.
Meat samples treated with CFS-BGSP7 and CFS-SP9 showed a significant decrease in the cell counts of L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. When meat samples treated with CFS-BGSP7 and CFS-BGSP9 are compared, the results show a more intense reduction rate of both L. monocytogenes and S. aureus in all samples treated with CFS-BGSP7.
IN-SILICOIDENTIFICATION OF FLAVONOIDS BASED INHIBITORS AGAINST SORTASE-A FROM ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS (Ef)
Authors: SINGH SURAJ , KUMAR SANJIT , Dhanasingh Immanuel
Published: October 2024

The enzyme known as SortaseA(SrtA) is widespread present in gram-positive bacteria. SrtA is responsible for anchoring a large number of surface protein virulence factors to the cell wall. This enzyme is not involved in bacterial growth and is also present on the cell membrane, which makes it more accessible for the design of inhibitors. In the case of Enterococcus faecalis (Ef), which is responsible for a wide range of nosocomial infections, SrtA from this organism promotes development of biofilm, which in turn makes bacteria resistant to antibiotics. Numerous inhibitors have been identified and characterized against Ef-SrtA; however, none have been clinically approved till now. Natural compounds and their derivatives showed inhibition against Ef-SrtA. In this work, a flavanoids-based in-house natural library was screened against Ef-SrtA to see how these molecules bind to active site of Ef-SrtA. Furthermore, the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) properties of the top five compounds, Abyssinones lii, Apigenin, Rutin, Fisetin and Kaemferol, were calculated, Additionally, the correlation between the structure and function of these top five compounds was analyzed using Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies.
The IMPACT OF HONEYBEE GUT BACTERIA ON THE SURVIVAL OF HONEYBEES EXPOSED TO INSECTICIDES
Authors: Al-Humayd Abdulaziz A. , Alghamdi Khalid M , Mahyoub Jazem A. , Al-Maaqar Saleh M. , Alshammari Fahdah Ayed , Hussain Muhammad B. , AL-Farga Ammar , Howladar Saad M. , Rebezov Maksim , Okhramenko Sergey , Moiseev Viktor , Kian Sara , Shariati Mohammad Ali , Shariati Mohammad Ali
Published: October 2024

The widespread use of insecticides poses a significant threat to the health and sustainability of honeybees (Apis mellifera). This study aimed to isolate, identify, and investigate the potential of honeybee gut bacterial strains in mitigating the detrimental effects of insecticides on honeybees and extending their lifespan. The efficacy of seven honeybee gut bacterial strains in reducing insecticide toxicity was evaluated. Through the identification of honeybee gut bacterial isolates using 16s rRNA, seven strains were identified, namely Priestia endophytica, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Peribacillus frigoritolerans, B. subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, and Bacillus tequilensis. The experimental results revealed that bees treated with these gut bacteria significantly reduced oxidative stress markers and detoxification enzyme levels compared to untreated bees. Moreover, the treated bees demonstrated enhanced immune responses. The bees treated with deltamethrin + intestinal bacteria showed an increase in bees' lifespan to 6.33 days compared to a lifespan of 4 days with deltamethrin only.  Similarly, bees treated with acetamiprid intestinal bacteria had further extended to 10.33 days compared to a lifespan of 7.67 days with acetamiprid. These findings suggest that using honeybee gut bacterial strains may serve as a sustainable strategy to mitigate the harmful impacts of insecticides on honeybees, thereby promoting their overall health and contributing to the preservation of pollination services and apiculture. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize the application of these natural products in honeybee management practices.
NUTRITIONAL AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM MELONS: A MINI REVIEW
Authors: Narayanan Lakshmi , S Manisha Deepthi , K V Athira , S Sathianarayanan , Venkidasamy Baskar , Thiruvengadam Rekha , Thiruvengadam Muthu , Rebezov Maksim , Sadanandan Prashant , Shariati Mohammad Ali
Published: October 2024

Fruit wastes are one of the major sources of municipal waste, however they are a source of bioactive useful compounds which possess numerous health benefits. The fruit processing industry generates 10-60% waste or by-products in solid (peel, seed) and liquid (fruit juice) waste. Melon is a prevalent fruit, consumed worldwide, containing significant quantities of by-products (seed, peel, rind) that have been discarded. Melon is an excellent source of biologically active compounds for humans due to its good taste and rich chemical composition. Various bioactive compounds present in fruit waste (seed and rind) of melon is responsible for its numerous biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-microbial activity.
Swiss Center of Excellence on Net-Zero Emissions (SCENE): annual report 2023
Authors: Schmidt Thomas J. , Niesen Björn , Whyte Catherine , Thürig Esther , Malfait Wim , Steiger René , Panos Evangelos , Hofer Marcel , Zurbrügg Christian , McKenna Russell , Noukakis Dimitrios
Published: October 2024

The dramatic and much faster than anticipated rise of global sea level temperatures during 2023 em-phasized how little time we have left to fight climate change and reach net-zero greenhouse gas emis-sions. Within our SCENE Joint Initiative, we have joined forces of our research activities to support Swit-zerland in achieving this urgently needed transition towards a sustainable, net-zero future. Involving more than 130 experts from all six institutions of the ETH Domain, SCENE gathers tremendous knowledge and expertise from various disciplines. It has been a pleasure to witness how these research-ers, who previously focused mainly on their specific fields and in many cases had not known each other, started a lively interaction and collaboration, breaking down boundaries between disciplines and insti-tutions from the very beginning of the initiative in January 2023. This collaborative spirit was fostered by our highly engaged Project Management Team, who made sure that SCENE started operations with full speed. We are excited that we could complement the research consortium with a high-profile Advi-sory Board that guides us with their perspectives from industry, public administration, and politics throughout the project. In addition, we established the Expert Hub, our rapid-response team, to swiftly react to inquiries and requests. We are grateful for the entire SCENE consortium for their contributions to the success of this Joint Initiative. Have a look at our team, check for news, and get in touch with us at www.scene-project.ch.
El ejército del Tahuantinsuyu, enemigo de Pizarro
Authors: Guillermo Gonzalo Calleja Leal
Published: October 2024

El artículo presenta el desarrollo histórico del Tahuantinsuyo, su nacimiento, con sus mitos fundacionales, su desarrollo, encumbramiento y caída. En este proceso se incardina como un elemento clave para su estructuración imperial el Ejército Inca, con sus diferentes unidades, su reclutamiento y organización, sus tácticas y cometidos. Esta organización militar, junto con la disciplina impuesta a la población y la existencia de una red de infraestructura que facilitaba el movimiento de personas, abastecimientos y autoridades, permitieron vertebrar uno de los más importantes imperios existentes en los territorios americanos.
Los indios conquistadores aliados del Perú : el caso de don Francisco Chilche Cañar, cacique, alcalde y capitán del rey
Authors: Julio Caballero Ares
Published: October 2024

El artículo se centra en la carrera de don Francisco Chilche Cañar que sirve de ejemplo perfecto de indio conquistador aliado para el caso de la conquista del Perú, siendo, además recompensado con nombramientos y privilegios que le convirtieron en el líder cañari más poderoso en el Cuzco hispánico del siglo xvi. A través del recorrido biográfico de este importante aliado andino se evidencian las principales características de la relación entre españoles y cañaris con una perspectiva centrada en los últimos. De esta forma se ha reconstruido y analizado la participación, motivación y logros cañaris dentro del contexto de la conquista y construcción del virreinato del Perú.
Misiones en el virreinato del Perú. Las reducciones y su función militar
Authors: Elena Casas Santero
Published: October 2024

El artículo describe los enfrentamientos entre almagristas y pizarristas, que serían elevados hasta los tribunales de la Península. Ello puso de manifiesto conductas inadecuadas y los problemas de las encomiendas, motivando que la Monarquía pusiera en marcha su maquinaria para corregir y mejorar la situación. Lo cual, unido a reivindicaciones como las de Bartolomé de las Casas, asesoramientos del Consejo de Castilla, y algunos de los resultados de juicios, llevaron al Rey a promulgar un nuevo ordenamiento jurídico, las llamadas «Nuevas Leyes de 1542-43», para atajar, corregir y mejorar la situación.
Parcelación y reparcelación de la Amazonía: límites y fronteras en la médula de la América meridional
Authors: José de Luis Alegre
Published: October 2024

Desde hace más de quinientos años los territorios de la América meridional han venido siendo objeto de litigio y confrontación bélica. Inmensos espacios cubiertos de selva virgen, horadados por una formidable cuenca fluvial, sobre los que los primeros exploradores oían continuos rumores de riquezas y leyendas fabulosas, se convirtieron en objetivo deseable de los dos imperios peninsulares ibéricos y de los estados independientes americanos que heredaron sus territorios, motivaciones, intereses y disputas. Litigios y enfrentamientos que los Tratados de Tordesillas, Lisboa, Utrecht o París, entre otros muchos, no fueron capaces de solucionar. Por ello, esta situación de deseo y disputa se mantuvo sobre porciones territoriales de la América meridional cuando los estados independientes americanos heredaron los territorios, ya que también heredarían las motivaciones, intereses y reyertas. Ello llevaría a que para alguno de esos conflictos se solicitara el arbitraje, de la Monarquía española.
DEVELOPING THE CREATIVE ECONOMY AS A FACTOR OF INNOVATION
Authors:   Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Economics, Employee of Public Security University, Uzbekistan, ugli Islamov Alisher Bakhtiyar , ugli Nuriddinov Asadbek Bekzod ,   Student of school 27 in Kiziltepa district, Navoi region, Uzbekistan
Published: October 2024

In this article, it is emphasized that various aspects of creativity as an innovative resource of economic development, the emergence of creativity as a defining element of economic life are the basis of the process of continuous changes.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Script Berbantu Mind Mapping Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Kelas XI pada Mata Pelajaran Biologi
Authors: Toni Toni Efriyandika , Oktafiani Raicha , Haka Nukhbatul Bidayati
Published: October 2024

Berdasarkan hasil pra penelitian yang dilaksanakan di MAN 1 Lampung Barat kegiatan pembelajaran biologi perlu adanya keterbaruan dan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran cooperative script berbantu mind mapping terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi sistem reproduksi manusia. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Quasy Experimental Design. Desain yang digunakan yaitu Pretest Postest Control Group Design. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tes, catatan lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah  seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA MAN 1 Lampung Barat. Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik acak kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 kelas, satu kelas sebagai kelas eksperimen (XI IPA2) dan satu kelas lainnya sebagai kelas Kontrol (XI IPA3).  Berdasarkan hasil analisis data didapatlah rata-rata nilai pada kelas eksperimen  pretest sebesar 44,44 dan posttest sebesar 80,00. Sementara pada kelas kontrol didapatlah rata-rata pretest sebesar 18,75 dan n gain posttest sebesar 56,25 uji t independent kemampuan berpikir kritis menunjukan bahwa Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000  (0,05), maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Sehingga penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran cooperative script berbantu mind mapping terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas XI pada mata pelajaran biologi.