bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The declaration of the victim in criminal proceedings for gender violence and ambivalences of the criminal justice system
Authors: Aleman Eliana
Published: May 2021

This article examines the behaviour of the variable “victim’s declaration” in the police and the court in criminal proceedings for gender violence, problematizing the results from a sociological and gender perspective. From a quantitative methodology, the analysis of the procedures initiated during 2017 in the Pamplona judicial district allows us to identify frequencies and statistically significant relationships of this variable with others. The importance of the victim is verified so that the process reaches trial phase. It constitutes an empirical contribution to the theoretical and dogmatic works that analyse the criminal justice system from a gender perspective. It contributes to the legal and social debate on the need for the victim's declaration to obtain effective judicial protection, identifying the rationale behind this demand. The ambivalence of the system that requires a moral consensus around the victim to obtain legitimacy is appreciated.
El derecho de la mujer trabajadora a la maternidad en Cuba: Reflexiones desde la perspectiva de la equidad de género
Authors: Silva Rodríguez Jorge Luis , Menoya Zayas Sandys
Published: May 2021

Los estudios relacionados con la equidad de género en el ámbito de las relaciones laborales son de trascendental importancia a escala global. En tal sentido, el presente estudio ofrece una valoración sobre la protección jurídica del derecho de la trabajadora a la maternidad en las formas de gestión de la economía cubana, teniendo en cuenta el Principio constitucional de igualdad y no discriminación que debe regir para todas las mujeres con independencia de su vínculo laboral. Para ello, con el empleo de los métodos histórico-jurídico, jurídico-doctrinal y el de comparación jurídica, se sistematizan los referentes doctrinales, históricos y jurídicos del derecho a la maternidad, y se analiza desde la perspectiva de la equidad su estado actual en los regímenes especiales de seguridad social, correspondientes.
Pengaruh Nilai Ujian Nasional Matematika terhadap Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif, Mathematics Anxiety dan Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: Rayoan Florianus Martinus
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the national mathematics exam scores on grade point average (GPA), mathematics anxiety, and self-regulated learning of the second-year students of Mathematics Education study program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Nusa Cendana University in a multivariate manner. This study is a correlation research which was conducted at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Nusa Cendana University. The population in this study were the mathematics education program students, Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Nusa Cendana University. The samples consist of 73 students. Data collection techniques used in this research are online questionnaires and documentation methods. Data analysis techniques used in this research are simple linear regression analysis and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and also hypothesis testing using the t-test and probability level. The result shows that (1) tvalue<ttable = 0,397<1.99394 so that there is no significant influence of the national mathematics exam scores on the students’ GPA, (2) tvalue<t table = -0.270<1.99394 so that there is no significant influence of national examination scores on mathematics anxiety, (3) tvalue<t table = 0,560<1.99394 so that there is no influence between the national math test scores on self-regulated learning, and (4) the MANOVA test shows that the GPA has a significance level of 0.693>0.05, while mathematics anxiety shows a significance level of 0.848>0.05, and self-regulated learning shows a significance level of 0.540>0.05. In conclusion, the national mathematics exam scores in a multivariate manner do not influence the GPA, mathematics anxiety, and self-regulated learning.

Keywords: gpa, manova, mathematics anxiety, mathematics national examination scores, self-regulated learning, simple linear regression analysis
Variables en el Blended Learning y la Educación
Authors: Garavit Jairit
Published: May 2021

The in-depth purpose of this research expressed as a chapter is to show a specific and very current description of the existing pedagogical practices and the forms of distribution for blended or distance education, also called Blended Learning in e-learning platforms with a focus on lifelong learning. In such a way that, the concepts of distance education and training and mixed learning of the student in the same training are clarified. The chapter also outlines the most important challenges for future and current distance learners and provides suggestions for possible measures for states and governmental and non-governmental entities in charge of higher education and training to address these challenges. However, they also present examples based on experience and research of working methods and measures that work well for qualitative distance education. This part is followed by an international perspective, from a more visionary perspective, there are discussions of how to find ways and alternatives to organize higher education and how they could potentially offer new paths to higher education throughout the country. Finally, a series of conclusions and recommendations.
The Role of the Chularajmontri (Shaykh al-IslOEm) in Resolving Ethno-religious Conflict in Southern Thailand
Authors: Yusuf Imtiyaz
Published: May 2021

The century-old conflict in southern Thailand, which began with Siam’s annexation of the former Malay sultanate of Negara Patani in 1909, reemerged viciously in 2004 – with no end in sight. The Thai state expected that its official head of the Muslim community at the national level, the chularajmontri (shaykh al-Islam), whose office was set up in 1945 to integrate all Thai Muslims into the new nation-state of Thailand (formerly called Siam), would lay a significant role in resolving the southern conflict. Thus, this office was entrusted with tackling the issue of ethno-religious nationalism among the southern Muslims, an important factor lying at the root of this conflict. The office was expected to address the Thai nation-state’s political and socio-religious needs via promoting a pro-integration religious interpretation of Islam. This paper contends that its failure to contribute toward the conflict’s resolution lies in the differences in the two parties’ historical, ethnic, and religious interpretations of Islam.
Muslims and Science
Authors: Uthman Ibrahim Olatunde
Published: May 2021

It is sad and paradoxical that Muslims, who were once the precursors and torchbearers of the scientific knowledge that culminated in modern civilization, are today wallowing in a state of backwardness, ignorance, and domination. Despite their global numerical strength of over one billion people,1 only a few Muslim countries are currently making any significant strides in shaping contemporary civilization and the state of the world. This paper examines how the Islamic concept of khilafah (vicegerency) can be employed to revive Islamic science so that it can sustain human and other creatures in a wholesome manner. It argues that teaching secular sciences according to Islamic principles, as is being done today at the International Islamic University, Malaysia (IIUM) and Nigeria’s Crescent University, Abeokuta (CUA) will reverse such negative trends.
Modernity and Muslims
Authors: Adeel M. Ashraf
Published: May 2021

This article is focused on some conditions in today’s world of globalized media, which are producing either an uncritical acquiescence or fright in Muslim societies as a result of the interaction between these societies and the contemporary Western powers that represent modernity and postmodernity on the global stage. The rise of fundamentalism, a tendency toward returning to the roots and stringently insisting upon some pure and literal interpretation of them, in almost all the religions of the world is a manifestation of this fright. The central concern of this article is to suggest that fundamentalism is neither the only nor the most reasonable response for Muslim societies in the face of contemporary modernity. Muslims need to adopt an independent and critical attitude toward modernity and reshape their societies in the light of the ethics of the Qur’an, keeping in view the historical link between Islam and science in as much as Islamic culture paved the way for emergence of modern science during European Renaissance. The necessity of a pluralistic or contextualized modernization of Muslim societies is discussed along with the need for the removal of cultural duplicity in the role of the West in relation to Muslim societies. All this leads to an overall proposal for modernization which is given towards the end.
The Dilemmas of Islamic Bioethics in the Twenty-first Century
Authors: Bouzenita Dr. Anke Iman
Published: May 2021

The current discourse on bioethical questions often reveals a certain patchiness or seeming inability to answer contemporary bioethical problems within an Islamic epistemological paradigm. Attempting to analyze the causes of this phenomenon, the author describes the decontextualization of Islamic concepts from a background of secularized medical care and the ethics in the Islamic world—as well as the estrangement due to these questions of Islamic law from its holistic framework of application as a pervasive phenomenon, which brought about the dilemmas of bioethics in the twenty-first century. The author discusses chosen bioethical case studies in this light, with a focus on the concept of brain death. Doing so, the author takes into consideration the paradigmatic relationship between science, bioethical models, and the implications of the relevant different worldviews. The author shows how constructed realities related to the life sciences have been imported from the secular setting into an already estranged Islamic context to be answered, and describes the evolving dilemmas that make Islamic bioethics appear like a stranger moving in a strange land.
An Outline of the Historical Evolution of Qawā‘id Literature in Islamic Law
Authors: Kızılkaya Necmettin
Published: May 2021

The legal rules of each legal system reflect their own nature and primary characteristics in both quantity and quality. Since they comprise the main structure of the system, the study of these rules, therefore, gives an idea about the mechanism of the system as a whole. An investigation of the principles behind these legal rules, which represent dominant features of several rules is a further step and gives an opportunity to understand the common points of the particular cases. These principles have different essences and historical backgrounds in every legal surrounding. The settled principles of Islamic law (al-qawā‘id al-fiqhiyyah) which reflect the general characteristics of rules, were used in legal corpuses from the early ages and developed at a later stage as an independent subgenre in Islamic law. Not only the four Sunni schools of law, but also Shi‘i jurists have made a considerable contribution to the development of the literature in the course of time. In the Muslim world, there are several academic works on the subject such as critical editions, theoretical studies of the genre, and the investigations and applications of certain qawā‘id in legal corpuses. Nevertheless, this significant subject of Islamic law has so far found little attention among the Western academia. This paper, aims to make a small contribution to this significant component of Islamic law. It is concentrating on al-qawā‘id alfiqhiyyah, not al-qawā‘id al-usūliyyah (hermeneutic principles). After dealing with the concept of qawā‘id and its importance in Islamic law, the paper presents a historical overview of the development of qawā‘id literature in four Sunni schools of law. The evolution of the genre is examined in three periods: the formative period second/eighth–fourth/tenth centuries), the self-contained compilation period (fourth/tenth–tenth/sixteenth centuries), and the post-compilation period (tenth/sixteenth– thirteenth/nineteenth centuries).The paper concludes with a list of traditional and modern qawā‘id works.
Issues in Muslim Liberal and Islamic Revivalist Thought
Authors: Ali Muhammad Mumtaz
Published: May 2021

This paper identifies and makes a comparative analysis of issues in Muslim liberalist and contemporary Islamic revivalist thought as seen and discussed by William Montgomery Watt and Yoginder Sikand. They consider Muslim liberalists thought as creative interpretations, which contribute constructively toward the development of Islamic thought; however, they maintain that Islamic revivalists demonstrate rigidity, idealism, and fundamentalism and cause the development of radical thought. In the first part of this article, a number of criticisms that have been raised by Watt and Sikand on behalf of Muslim liberalists against Islamic revivalists are critically analyzed, and the position of Islamic revivalists is clarified. The criticisms deal with the question of change, the worldview, the role of reason, and the stand of both groups with regard to secularism, nationalism, and religious pluralism, and lastly, the issue of politics and the Islamic state. The second part offers the issues that are seen as pertinent by the Islamic revivalists for the development of the Islamic Ummah for humanity. Finally, it is argued that the thought developed by Muslim liberalists is heavily influenced by liberalism and of guidance for civilizational development. Thus, this thought is rightly termed as Islamic revivalist thought.
The Islamization of Economies and Knowledge
Authors: Ahmed Habib
Published: May 2021

Using ideas from New Institutional Economics (NIE), this paper examines the Islamization of economies and links it to the Islamization of knowledge. NIE uses a multi-disciplinary approach to explain how economic structures evolve and change over time. These structures are studied at four levels: cultural, institutional, organizational, and transactional. While culture embodies a given society’s body of knowledge, the nature and growth of that knowledge determine the type and evolution of an economy’s institutions, organizations, and transactions. This paper contends that the Islamization of economies failed mainly due to a lack of the Islamic knowledge needed to produce the appropriate institutions and organizations. After examining the status of knowledge in the Muslim world, examples of legal institutions are presented to illustrate how dormant Islamic scholarship led to economic structures that lack an Islamic ethos. Establishing an Islamic economic structure would require reorienting an Islamic society’s culture via the creation of new Islamic knowledge that can build appropriate institutions, organizations, and transactions.
A Third Sector-Led Economic Model
Authors: Molla Rafiqul Islam , Alam Md. Mahmudul
Published: May 2021

Private (first sector) and public (second sector) sector economics, both individually and jointly, have failed to ensure the wellbeing of human societies on the national and global levels. In response, social enterprise (third sector) economics, which features cooperatives and not-for-profit social enterprises, foundations (awqOEf), and similar undertakings, has emerged as a make-up strategy in an attempt to counter the deficiencies of the market-state economic model. However, there is a strongly felt belief that the third sector needs to be broadened and mainstreamed in order to include both not-for-profit and for-profit businesses blended with social justice (via provision of such social welfare programs as corporate social responsibility) so that they can play a major role in poverty alleviation and economic growth. Islamic entrepreneurship, which is basically a community-centric mode of business initiative, is an antidote to the problem of intolerable economic and social dualism, a natural strategy against all forms of capitalist exploitation and attempts to control a nation’s resources. Moreover, it is the natural model for solving economic inequity, wealth concentration, and social divides. Based on its potential and using examples from Bangladesh and Malaysia, we present the Islamic style of entrepreneurship. We contend that this particular style is the most efficient and desirable one for effectively widening and mainstreaming community-centric third sector economics so that it can ensure development with equity and social justice especially in developing countries.
Humanity as Homo Culturus
Authors: Dhaouadi Mahmoud
Published: May 2021

This paper claims that human beings are first of all Homo Culturus and only then Homo Politicus, Homo Sociologus, or Homo Oeconomicus. Human beings are distinguished from all other species by what I call human symbols (HS), namely, language, thought, religion, knowledge/science, myths, laws, and cultural values and norms. As such, they are central to the human identity of individuals, groups, and societies and therefore basic keys for understanding and explaining individual as well as collective behaviors in human societies. The theoretical framework/paradigm of Homo Culturus also helps to explain the phenomenon of the human mind in its various forms: the illiterate mind, the educated mind, and the highly intellectual minds of scientists and scholars such as Ibn Khaldun.
Contemporary Islamic Educational Discourse and the Philosophy of Empowerment
Authors: Rahath Yousef , Hashim Rosnani
Published: May 2021

The central concern of this article is to examine the contemporary Islamic educational discourse from the perspective of the philosophy of empowerment. In line with this view, it proposes a new conceptual framework for empowerment in lieu of the traditional views, which consider empowerment in terms of infrastructural developments or shifting power from the powerful to the powerless. We suggest that empowerment should be viewed as a social process that helps people gain control over their lives by enabling them to act on issues important to them. Considered in this light, education that seeks to empower people must be a process that provides the fundamental freedom and resources to understand the world and grants the ability to change that world. Contemporary Islamic educational discourses are evaluated on this basis to determine to what extent Islamic educators are engaged with the idea of empowerment proposed in this article.
TUTORIA NA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Ferreira Andréia de Assis , Pereira Erika Abreu , Costa Lorena Andrade
Published: May 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir o contexto de atuação dos tutores nos cursos superiores em Educação a Distância (EaD), desde a implementação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDBEN), que regulamentou a EaD no cenário brasileiro. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com análise documental, em que são apresentadas considerações acerca do exercício da tutoria em instituições públicas e privadas. Os estudos decorrentes de uma revisão da literatura revelaram que, embora se trate de contextos de atuação diferentes, a tutoria tem sido uma forma de precarização do trabalho docente. Nota-se que a ausência de legislação que regulamente o trabalho do tutor como professor favorece a exploração desses tutores, profissionais que exercem um papel de relevância na EaD.
TRABALHO E EDUCAÇÃO NA PERSPECTIVA DOS ORGANISMOS MULTILATERAIS
Authors: Leite Valter de Jesus , Borges Liliam Faria Porto , Faustino Rosângela Célia
Published: May 2021

Evidencia os interesses dos organismos multilaterais na interface trabalho e educação por trás da retórica de combate e eliminação da pobreza. A metodologia utilizada foi um levantamento documental das produções e relatórios dos organismos multilaterais compreendidos enquanto desdobramento da Conferência Mundial sobre Educação Para Todos (1990), assim como, a revisão bibliográfica de autores que debatem a temática. Verifica-se nos documentos a análise da relação entre trabalho e educação sob a égide do combate e eliminação da pobreza e, a educação assume, assim, um caráter salvacionista. A orientação das reformas educacionais  se dá em face da dinâmica do capital prover as necessidades básicas de aprendizagem, competências, habilidades e qualificações necessárias para o desenvolvimento econômico e social, na busca de uma suposta equidade social. Ancorada no binômio pobreza-segurança, a veemência da política-ideológica e de seu direcionamento de reformas estruturais nas políticas educacionais está na pretensão de combater a pobreza  por propiciar clima desfavorável aos negócios. Nessa perspectiva, a educação colabora na sustentação do controle político da burguesia mundial sobre os processos educativos direcionados para reestruturação produtiva na divisão internacional do trabalho. O trabalho permite concluir que a interface “educação e trabalho” nesta perspectiva, assume um caráter pragmático e unidimensional para formação de recursos humanos – o chamado Capital Humano.
A FORMAÇÃO INTEGRAL NO ENSINO MÉDIO (DES)INTEGRADO NO BRASIL
Authors: Morais Raquel Pereira de , Colaço Soraia , Segundo Maria das Dores Mendes , Gomes Valdemarin Coelho
Published: May 2021

Educar por meio de uma proposta integral de educação ou privilegiar a lógica empresarial? Este artigo pretende avaliar a última proposta do Ensino Médio Integrado brasileiro, ao tomar como base os documentos oficiais elaborados pelo Ministério da educação - MEC, a partir de 2007. Objetivamos, portanto, analisar as concepções da lógica empresarial presente na proposta de formação integral do Ensino Médio no contexto do capitalismo em crise. Nessa direção, a presente pesquisa, de cunho bibliográfico e documental, se fundamenta no método materialista, histórico e dialético. Em linhas gerais, destacamos que o conceito de formação integral presentes nos documentos fortalece o ideário de uma pedagogia das competências, imbuída pelo nexo economicista, empresarial, instrumentalista e pragmático de uma educação voltada para atender às demandas do mercado competitivo neoliberal. Na contramão, defendemos uma perspectiva educacional em direção à emancipação humana, de formação integral crítica e transformadora em prol da classe trabalhadora.
NOTAS SOBRE A FUNÇÃO DO ESTADO NO LIVRO I DE O CAPITAL
Authors: Sartori Vitor Bartoletti
Published: May 2021

Tendo como pano de fundo a teorização sobre a determinação ontonegativa da politicidade, de José Chasin, pretendemos neste pequeno artigo realizar a análise imanente do livro I de O capital. Para tanto, trataremos das determinações gerais da política na mencionada obra marxiana. Intenta-se mostrar como que o papel ativo do Estado e do Direito tem grande importância na obra de Karl Marx. Assim, há de se ver como que este fato traz à tona, ao mesmo tempo, o modo complexo pelo qual deve ser entendida a questão da determinação econômica.
Management of immune thrombocytopenia during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Semochkin S. V. , Mitina T. A. , Tolstykh T. N.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged health professionals and patients suffering from haematological diseases with embarrassed diagnosis, treatment, surveillance, social distancing and other constraints.

Aim — addressing therapy for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) during the COVID-19 pandemic in the light of own experience, as well as national and international professional medical community guidelines.

Main findings. A standard choice in COVID-19-negative ITP patients are conventional, e.g., glucocorticosteroid (GCS) and intravenous immunoglobulin therapies. An early transfer to thrombopoietin receptor agonists (rTPO) appears optimal as reducing the infection risk in GCS withdrawal and significantly improving the stable remission rate without supportive treatment. Combined ITP–COVID-19 patients should consider a prednisolone treatment of 20 mg/day, provided an absent active bleeding. The dose may increase to 1 mg/kg/day in no response after 3–5 days. ITP patients admitted for COVID-19 should start weight‐based LMWH thromboprophylaxis upon attaining a platelet count of ≥ 30 × 109 /L. Chronic ITP patients should carry on usual treatment with standard SARS-CoV-2 preventive and social distancing measures. We exemplify three contrasting clinical cases of COVID-19-comorbid thrombocytopenia and discuss the ITP differential diagnosis and therapy. Two patients received GCSs and rTPO agonists (romiplostim, eltrombopag), while GCSs alone provided for platelet response in the third case. All patients showed a good clinical and biological response. Issues in SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are discussed.
Identifi cation of ABO, RH and KEL blood group antigens with serology and genotyping methods
Authors: Chumak A. A. , Belyakova V. V. , Maiorova O. A. , Pukhlikova T. V. , Kravchuk O. A. , Mishakina S. V. , Donskaya O. V. , Daniletz V. V.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Blood transfusion is a strong practice in traumatology, internal medicine, haematology, obstetrics and transplantation, which demands safety of haemotransfusion with estimating the red blood cell group antigens in donor and recipient blood. Routine immunotyping techniques usually provide for an antigen identification to weak subgroups, albeit with certain inherent limitations of serology tests that can be overcome in a genotyping approach.

Aim — performance assessment of serology and genotyping methods in the ABO, RH and KEL blood group identification.

Materials and methods. A total of 55,489 donor and 1,898 patient blood samples have been analysed. Ambiguous cases of chimerism, panagglutination and inconsistent results were tackled with genotyping. Serology tests were performed with gel cards. Whole blood DNA extraction was performed with Qiagen chemistry. Allele-specific PCR was used for the erythrocyte ABO, RH and KEL antigen genotyping with BAG Diagnostics commercial kits and a 2% agarose gel product detection. Sanger sequencing was used to complement genotyping.

Results. A combined use of serology tests and genotyping allowed a successful erythrocyte antigen-based blood group and Rh-status assignment in 26 donors and patients with ambiguous blood typing.

Conclusion. Genotyping coupled with serologic methods can be advised in a hampered blood group identification.
Diagnosis and choice of haemostatic therapy during surgery in patients with combined coagulation factor V and VIII defi ciency
Authors: Yakovleva E. V. , Efimov I. V. , Kostin A. I. , Gasanov A. M. , Azimova M. Kh. , Orel E. B. , Lavrova P. S. , Konyashina N. I. , Surin V. L. , Pshenichnikova O. S. , Sats N. V. , Zozulya N. I.
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Among the most common congenital coagulopathies are haemophilia and Von Willebrand disease. These illnesses are often mimicked by orphan hereditary coagulopathies, including combined coagulation factor V and VIII deficiency.

Aim — description of a clinical presentation, hampered diagnosis and choice of haemostatic therapy in a surgical patient with combined blood coagulation factor V and VIII deficiency.

Main findings. We describe a clinical case of congenital combined factor V and VIII deficiency and detail the aetiology, frequency, localisation and intensity of haemorrhages. Comorbidity and surgical indications are demonstrated to require an inter-specialty medical involvement.
Karakteristik Faktor Risiko Penderita Katarak
Authors: Detty Ade Utia , Artini Ika , Yulian Vikko Rachmat
Published: May 2021

Pendahuluan; katarak merupakan salah satu penyebab kebutaan di Indonesia maupun dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik faktor risiko katarak. Metodologi: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Sampel berjumlah 83 orang yang diperoleh melalui Simple Random Sampling dan pengambilan data dengan menggunakan data rekam medik. Hasil: menunjukkan penderita katarak pada umur >50 tahun sebanyak 63 orang (75,9%). Jenis kelamin penderita katarak mayoritas berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 48 orang (57,8%). Penderita katarak mayoritas tanpa disertai diabetes mellitus sebanyak 64 orang (75,9%). Penderita katarak mayoritas mempunyai riwayat hipertensi sebanyak 45 orang (54,2%). Penderita katarak mayoritas tidak terdapat riwayat trauma sebanyak 73 orang (88%). Kesimpulan: bahwa usia, jenis kelamin, status diabetes mellitus, tekanan darah, dan status trauma mata merupakan salah satu faktor risiko penyakit katarak pada penderita katarak
Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif
Authors: Ibrahim Fitriana , Rahayu Bhakti
Published: May 2021

Pengantar; pemberian Asi eksklusif pada bayi baru lahir merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mencegah penyakit infeksi, masalah kurang gizi, dan kematian pada bayi dan balita. Tujuan; mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, pendidikan dan kekerjaan Ibu dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Metode; Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Deskriptif Analitik. Dengan pendekatan Cross sectional dengan jumlah smpel 48 ibu menyusui dan tehnik pengambilan sampel dengan Total Sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil; bahwa menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dan Pendidikan dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara pekerjaan dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Kesimpulan; bahwa pengetahuan dan pendidikan ibu menyusui memiliki hubungan yang bermakna terhadap pemberian ASI Eksklusif.
МЕТОД ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВАРІАНТІВ ПОЛЬОТУ БЕЗПІЛОТНОГО ЛІТАЛЬНОГО АПАРАТУ НА ОСНОВІ МАКС-МІННОГО МУРАШИНОГО АЛГОРИТМУ
Authors: Олексенко Олександр , Герасименко Володимир
Published: May 2021

Запропоновано використання мурашиного алгоритму для визначення маршрутів польоту безпілотного літального апарата (БПЛА) до об’єктів удару (ОУ). Проведено дослідження щодо застосування Макс-мінного мурашиного алгоритму для одночасного визначення маршрутів польоту декількох груп БПЛА з різних аеродромів до різних об’єктів удару та смуги прориву системи протиповітряної оборони (ППО) з врахуванням впливу наряду БПЛА, необхідних для знищення об’єкту удару з заданою ймовірністю. Також досліджено працездатність алгоритму в умовах нестаціонарного середовища. Результати досліджень позитивні і вказують на можливість вирішення поставлених завдання з використанням мурашиного алгоритму. Подальші дослідження також можуть бути направлені на реалізацію тримірного пошуку маршрутів польоту БПЛА в географічних координатах з урахуванням розмірів поворотних точок маршруту, у яких вони здійснюють маневр, та реальних розмірів і конфігурації заборонених зон, а також рельєфу місцевості.
POLICY OF PROMOTING ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN TIMES OF COVID-19 LOCKDOWN IN INDIA: A MEDICAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS.
Authors: Sharma Neha , Anand Ayush , Joshi Shreyas , Ray Samrat
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: India, with the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic, started imposing restrictions in the country th and initiated a nationwide lockdown under Section 6 of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 on 24 March 2020, followed by four phases of lockdown and then gradual unlock of the country. The rationale behind the same was to avoid social contact. Alcohol dispensing was also stopped during this time and was among the rst services to be reopened by the States. We propose in this paper that this lifting of ban on alcohol sale during the pandemic has led to a signicant increase in the number of COVID-19 cases in the country. METHODS: This is a prospective, observational study, done by collecting data from the Aargya Setu App, which is a mobile application launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare on 2 April 2020 for contact tracing and elf assessment of COVID-19. The data of cumulative number of cases in 12 selected states of the country were compared before and after the lift of ban of alcohol and signicance was shown by the paired t test. RESULTS: The number of COVID-19 positive cases in the country during nationwide lockdown with simultaneous ban on alcohol sale when compared to cumulative number of cases after the lift of ban of alcohol sale during Lockdown and initial Unlock is statistically signicant (p = 0.04) CONCLUSION: We found that the decision to restart the sale of Alcohol could have been a factor for rise in number of cases in the country in the given timeframe. The decision to start the sale has also not been in accordance with the Indian Constitution and against the nation's founding ethics.
MITRAL ANNULAR PLANE SYSTOLIC EXCURSION-DERIVED FORMULA TO CALCULATE THE EJECTION FRACTION: A SIMPLE, EASY AND RAPID ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY PARAMETER TO ASSES LEFT VENTRICLE SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Parhi Deepak Kumar , Behera Kumar Gaurav
Published: May 2021

Aims & Objectives - MAPSE DERIVED EJECTION FRACTION CAN BE USED AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE
CONVENTIONAL ECHOCARDIORAPHIC MEASUREMENTS OF EJECION FRACTION IN EVERY DAY
CLINICAL PRACTICE WITH PATIENTS WITH LV SYSTOLIC DYSFUNTION & VALIDATION OF MITRAL ANNULAR PLANE
SYSTOLIC EXCURSION DERIVED FORMULA TO CALCULATE THE EJECTION FRACTION IN PATIENTS WITH LV SYSTOLIC
DYSFUNCTION EF=4.8XMAPSE(mm)+5.8 in adult male & 4.2X MAPSE(mm)+20 in adult female. Our study is Material and Methodobservational, prospective study with cross sectional data collection done in a period of nov 2018 to nov 2019, The study included 151 adult male
and female patients with LV systolic dysfunction fullling all inclusion criteria, LVEF measured by average MAPSE and LVEF measured by
visual inspection, M–mode, and modied Simpson's rule was statistically correlated to know the validity of MAPSE derived ejection in case of
LVsystolic dysfunction. The current study showed a signicant positive correlation Result - between average MAPSE and EF measured by Mmode (r =0.980, P < 0.001), EF measured by Simpson's rule (r =0.968, P < 0.001), and EF measured by visual inspection(r =0.960, P < 0.001). The
mean differences in the EF derived by MAPSE formula between the inter-observer was(-0.14 ± 3.18 ). MAPSE-derived EF using Conclusion -
the equation EF = 4.8 × MAPSE (mm) + 5.8 for male and EF = 4.2×MAPSE (mm)+20 for female, is a valid echocardiographic parameter in adult
males and females with impaired LV systolic function to asses global LV longitudinal function with minimal interobserver variability.
“COMMUNITY PROSPECTIVE EXPERIENCE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC”
Authors: M.A Sunkad. , Math C.M.
Published: May 2021

Background: The Covid -19 disease is very much present in our locality of 4,105 households and 25,545 people. We
intend to describe most of the events related to Covid 19 disease like, occurrence of a case, new cases, progress of events,
case management, recovery and perceptions of the community. Ours is an open community consisting of 4,105 houses.
Methods: This is a prospective observation study of “Covid 19 disease phenomenon” in our community. The observations are about frequency,
trends, progress and behavior.We planned to go round the community for 2 hours a day, to observe and record all that happens concerning Covid
19 disease, and also talk to those affected and record their perceptions in a validated questionnaire consisting of 20 close ended questions with
answers graded on Leikert scale. The facts are put in “Observation sentence” and joined to make “Observation paragraphs”.
Results: There were 167 Covid cases, 32 cases suffered severely, 91 cases mild form, 44 Covid positive only with no symptoms at all, and 20
cases died. There was fear of the disease to begin with, community learnt the disease, understood how to treat, and later normal life settled.
Conclusion:The Covid 19 disease struck the community suddenly, there were new cases, severe form, mild form, asymptomatic and some
died. These events conrm to situation happening at other places.
Summary of the article:
This article is the description of facts that occurred in an urban community concerning Covid 19 disease. There are 4,105 families in this
community. Our leader announced the nationwide “Stay indoors” order to contain the spread of Covid 19 disease in the middle of March, 2021.
Our community knew very little of this disease till then. There are ordinary daily wage earners, semiskilled persons, skilled persons, ofce goers
and retired individuals besides women and children in this locality. Those individuals doing essential services like banking, healthcare, and
grocery moved out for their work. These were the rst persons to get Covid disease in the month of June. Following this incident, their family
members tested positive and many people were conrmed of the disease. The government took the responsibility of treatment, tracing, and
testing. Also there were elaborate guidelines how people should behave during this period.
The people in the community are also endowed with senses, they observed life as it went by , adhered to the guidelines announced, made
adequate changes in their behaviour, pooled their resources, shared the resources, distanced the diseased and lived the life. In the time frame of
one year did all the individuals get the Covid disease? How many contacted the disease? How many recovered from the disease? How many died
due to the disease, is the main topic of this article.
TO STUDY ANALGESIC EFFECT OF 0.25% BUPIVACAINE VS 0.25% ROPIVACAINE IN “3 IN 1” FEMORAL NERVE BLOCK FOR KNEE SURGERIES
Authors: Anand Smriti , Prasad Arjun , Jana Debarshi
Published: May 2021

Background: Total knee replacement (TKR) and other knee surgeries are amongst the most painful orthopedic
procedure, mandating effective postoperative pain management. Ropivacaine is a New Local anesthetic Agent With
Minimal CVS Toxicity. The primary aim of is to study effect of 3 in 1 femoral Aims: nerve block for providing pain relief with Ropivacaine
(0.25%). Secondary aim is to compare the effect of Ropivacaine 0.25% with Bupivacaine( 0.25%) in providing 3 in 1 femoral nerve block.
Material and Methods: A prospective randomised study was carried out in 36 ASA I & II patients undergoing knee surgery surgeries were
divided into two groups of 18. Group (R) received Ropivacaine (0.25%) 40 ml. Group (B) received Bupivacaine (0.25%) 40 ml. Results:
Demographic and hemodynamic parameters were statistically not signicant. The duration of analgesia is longer with Group R (7.83±0.98) than
Group B (6.33±0.76) (p<0.001) which is statistically very signicant. Observing VAS score Group R shows signicantly (p<0.05) lower values
th th th than Group B for at 4 to 8 hours & than at 24 hour. Ropivacaine is signicantly more effective in postoperative duration of pain. No Adverse
events noted in the both groups. Conclusion: Postoperative 3 in 1 femoral nerve block with 0.25% ropivacaine is effective in providing pain relief
and duration of analgesia is more in comparison to 0.25% bupivacaine.
CARDIAC MANIFESTATIONS OF DENGUE FEVER IN CHILDREN
Authors: Choudhary Gaurav , Khinchi Yograj , Verma Chaman R , Natani Bhagwan Sahai , Bilwal Rakesh , Masand Rupesh
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Dengue fever represents a signicant public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions. 70% of total cases are from Asia,
especially India. Caused by 4 dengue virus serotypes( DENV-1, DENV-2 DENV-3 and DENV-4), DENV-2 being the most prevalent in India.
Incidence and range of cardiac manifestations in dengue fever vary widely. Aims & objectives: To study the incidence and range of cardiac
manifestations of dengue fever in children. Material & methods:This is an observational study, conducted in department of pediatrics at National
Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Jaipur in study period of 18 months. A total of 94 patients were included in the study fullling the
inclusion criteria. Results: The overall incidence of cardiac manifestations was found to be 31.9%. The incidence of cardiac manifestations in
dengue without warning signs was 4.4%, in dengue with warning signs was 52.5% and in severe dengue was 77.7%. Conclusion: Incidence of
cardiac manifestations increases with increase in disease severity
IDENTIFICATION OF AUTOIMMUNE POLYGLANDULAR SYNDROME TYPE 3 IN PATIENT WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM : A CASE REPORT
Authors: Kothari Akshay , Shah Kiran , Purohit Lotika
Published: May 2021

Autoimmune polyglandular syndromes (APS) are characterized by sequential or simultaneous deciencies in the function of several endocrine
glands that have a common cause. Etiology is most often autoimmune.We report a case of a 40-year-old female with diabetes who presented with
diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and was later diagnosed with T1D. The patient has had a history of hypothyroidism. The presence of vitiligo was an
incidental nding.Laboratory investigations showed low C peptide level, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 antibodies positive, thyroid
peroxidase antibodies (TPO) positive, parietal cell antibody positive, and weakly positive antinuclear antibody (ANA), amid normal
corticotropin(ACTH), parathyroid hormone (PTH) , vitamin B 12 levels, and a negative intrinsic factor antibody. The patient had a history of
hypothyroidism, subsequently developed T1D, and had vitiligobut was overlooked. The case highlights the notable absence of recognizing the
need to investigate this patient who presented with more than two endocrine diseases for measurement of hormone levels, autoantibodies against
affected endocrine glands and recognition of related symptoms and signs, and hence the signicance of history taking, observation, and
maintaining a high degree of suspicion.
BUPIVACAINE WITH MAGNESIUM SULPHATE VS BUPIVACAINE ALONE IN TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS PLANE BLOCK FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN TOTALABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY PATIENTS: A RANDOMISED CONTROL TRIAL.
Authors: Babu R Suresh , Pillai Sivakumar , Sankar Syam
Published: May 2021

Background: Postoperative (PO) pain relief following major surgeries had been a challenging task. Adequate pain control is essential for early
mobilisation and wellbeing of surgical patients. Incidence of PO pain following abdominal surgeries is higher when transverse lower abdominal
incisions are done as in Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH). Performing Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block reduces the PO pain.
Various adjuvants like clonidine, epinephrine and magnesium sulphate have been added to local anaesthetics to prolong the duration of TAPblock.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding MgSO4 as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in TAP block for PO analgesia in patients
undergoing TAH under spinal anaesthesia. Methods: 100 patients belonging to ASA1 or 2 scheduled for TAH under Sub Arachnoid Block (SAB)
were randomly assigned into two groups- BM and B. All patients were given SAB with 15 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine and TAH was done.
USG guided TAPblock was given once SAB sensory level regressed to T8 dermatome. Group BM received 16ml 0.25% Bupivacaine (40mg) with
150 mg magnesium sulphate injected on each side while Group B received 16 ml 0.25% Bupivacaine only. Patients were asked to rate their pain on
a 10 cm VAS scale at time 0 (time of completion of TAPblock),2,4,6,12 and 24 hours. Rescue analgesia with Inj. morphine was provided whenever
VAS score was > 3. Results: Patients in magnesium sulphate group had prolonged analgesia as compared to the control group. The heart rate and
blood pressure response were signicantly lower in that group. Morphine requirement for PO analgesia was also signicantly reduced in group
BM. No complications were seen in either group. Conclusion: Adding Magnesium sulphate to Bupivacaine in TAP block in TAH patients
prolonged the duration of PO analgesia.
MARITAL SATISFACTION AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOL AND OPIOID DEPENDENCE SYNDROME: A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY
Authors: Kumar Vinay , Rathee Sunila , Arya Sidharth , Singh Priti , Gupta Rajiv
Published: May 2021

Background: Opioid and alcohol consumption is considered as an on-going stressor, not only for the individual, but for family members as well.
Spouses are particularly affected given the intimate nature of their relationship and constant exposure to the behaviour of the dependent persons.
Quality of life has emerged as an important treatment outcome measure for alcohol and opioid dependence whose natural course comprises of
remission and relapse. Objective: To assess the quality of life, marital adjustment and among the patients of alcohol and opioid dependence
syndrome. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional hospital based study and included 100 treatment seeking population 50 each with
alcohol dependence and opioid dependence as per ICD-10 criteria. The participants were purposively selected and informed consent were taken.
Research tools were Hindi version of Kansas Marital Satisfaction scale and WHOQOL-BREF. Results: The mean age of the participants were
34.87 +12.48 years. The study did not observe a signicant difference in the overall domains of quality of life. Except the overall health domain,
quality of life was more in alcohol subjects as compared to opioid subjects (p < 0.05). There was a signicant difference in the marital quality of life
which was lower in opioid dependence than alcohol dependence subjects. Conclusion: Improved marital adjustment are most important part of
improved quality of life and its sustainability plays key role in preventing relapse and reaching to the recuperation. Effective management for the
alcohol and opioid patients must include the marital intervention to improve the recovery and rehabilitation of the patients.
A proposito di quantificatori indefiniti di massa in polacco
Authors: Cotta Ramusino Paola
Published: May 2021

The present paper examines substandard Polish constructions in which the quantifiers kupa ‘a lot’, masa ‘mass’ and połowa ‘a half’ in Subject function occur in the Accusative case (plus the referential noun in the Genitive) and take neuter singular verb agreement: Kupę ludzi zebrało się na placu, ‘a lot of people gathered in the square’. Drawing on a large amount of occurrences taken from two corpora a qualitative analysis of the construction is carried out, in order to highlight how the indefinite quantifier semantic characteristics predispose it to the thematic role of Patient.
Fungi Associated with Esca and Young Grapevine Decline in Greece
Authors: Rumbou Artenis , Rumbos Ioannis
Published: May 2021

In the period 1998–2001 significant numbers of vine samples of different varieties, grafted onto different
rootstocks, ready for out-planting or planted and declined a few months or years later, were collected or sent to our
laboratory to investigate the presence of phytopathogenic fungi. Three hundred eighty rooted cuttings ready for
outplanting, 1250 young vines planted and exhibiting decline symptoms in the first year of establishment, 82 vines
two to nine years old and 27 old vines exhibiting the classical esca symptoms were examined. Isolations yielded the
fungi Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Fomitiporia punctata and Stereum hirsutum, as well as other fungi of the
genera Phaeoacremonium, Cylindrocarpon and Botryosphaeria. The low incidence of these fungi isolated in a low
percentage of samples suggested that they could not by themselves be the cause of young grapevine decline. Abiotic
causes, such as lesions from improperly healed rootstock disbudding sites and graft unions made in the nursery, as
well as improper storage and transportation conditions of the propagated material must also have played a role and
made the decline more acute. The occurrence of the isolated fungi as endophytes and their role in the outbreak of
grapevine decline remain to be investigated.