bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distortions to Passage of Time Judgements (POTJ) due to virtual threat are predicted by autonomic activation
Authors: Fairclough Stephen H. , Baker Christopher , Ogden Ruth , Barnes Rachel , Toothill Jessica
Published: December 2024

Humans’ sense of the passage of time is subjective and determined by psychophysiological responses to the environment. The passing of time has been perceived to significantly slow in stressful situations, such as accidents or virtual threats. The current study will explore distortions in the perception of passage of time when threat is simulated using virtual reality (VR). 44 participants negotiated a large (13.6 × 8.4 m) virtual environment designed to maximise the realism of a physical threat by exposing participants to a virtual height of 200m. Subjective perception of passage of time and time estimation were used as independent variables, whereas the movement of participants, and ambulatory psychophysiology, e.g., electrodermal activity (EDA), heart rate, served as dependent variables. The independent variables were examined in relation to the dependent variables through a regression analysis, which allowed for the identification of the specific weight of each variable. Our analyses revealed that passage of time was perceived to decrease (i.e., time slowed down) for those participants who exhibited the higher levels of skin conductance (SCL). It is argued that this finding can be explained by individual differences in self-regulatory strategies during the task and the effectiveness of VR as means to simulate threat.
What do part-time employees in Japanese chain restaurants talk about when dissatisfied? Applying Structural Topic Modeling to employee reviews
Authors: Takahashi Hiroki
Published: December 2024

While part-time employees constitute the primary workforce in the chain restaurant industry, their retention has become crucial in developed countries, especially Japan, due to labor shortages resulting from the declining birthrate and aging population. Analyzing employee reviews is an effective method for understanding factors that decrease employee satisfaction. However, while many analyses are focusing on full-time employees, there is insufficient analysis focusing on part-time employees, whose employment status and motivations differ from those of full-time employees. This study employs a Structural Topic Model to correlate latent topics from 4511 online text reviews with a 5-point scale of part-time employee satisfaction scores in Japanese chain restaurants. The study identifies 20 topics, including management systems and key employee interests. Especially digital communication and interview processes frequently appeared when satisfaction was low, which are unique to part-time employees in chain restaurants and had been overlooked in previous analyses. Further analysis links 20 topics to four 5-point scale HRM metrics (compensation satisfaction, workplace environment, motivation, and interpersonal relationships), enabling deeper analysis of the relationships between topics and HRM metrics. These insights contribute to the development of strategies to enhance part-time employee satisfaction in chain restaurants.
Did industrial and export complexity drive regional economic growth in Brazil?
Authors: Cardoso Ben-Hur Francisco , Catela Eva Yamila da Silva , Viegas Guilherme , Pinheiro Flávio L. , Hartmann Dominik
Published: December 2024

Research on productive structures has shown that economic complexity conditions economic growth. However, little is known about which type of complexity, e.g., export or industrial complexity, matters more for regional economic growth in a large emerging country like Brazil. Brazil exports natural resources and agricultural goods, but a large share of the employment derives from services, non-tradables, and within-country manufacturing trade. Here, we use a large dataset on Brazil’s formal labor market, including approximately 100 million workers and 581 industries, to reveal the patterns of export complexity, industrial complexity, and economic growth of 558 micro-regions between 2003 and 2019. Our results show that export complexity is more evenly spread than industrial complexity. Only a few—mainly developed urban places—have comparative advantages in sophisticated services. Regressions show that a region’s industrial complexity is a significant predictor for 3-year growth prospects, but export complexity is not. Moreover, economic complexity in neighboring regions is significantly associated with economic growth. The results show export complexity does not appropriately depict Brazil’s knowledge base and growth opportunities. Instead, promoting the sophistication of the heterogeneous regional industrial structures and development spillovers is a key to growth. This study demonstrates that industrial complexity, which accounts for all employment sectors, provides a more accurate basis for designing effective and inclusive industrial policies in emerging economies like Brazil, compared to export-based complexity.
Energy finance strategy and governance nexus with economic growth: Results from emerging economies
Authors: Rahman Md. Mominur , Zahan Fataraz , Islam Md. Farijul
Published: December 2024

The rapid economic development in emerging economies, particularly in BRICS nations, is closely intertwined with their energy consumption and financial investment in energy sectors. However, the global shift towards sustainability has raised concerns about the continued reliance on fossil fuels and the environmental implications of such practices. Energy finance—particularly the balance between fossil fuel energy finance (FFEF) and renewable energy finance (RENF)—plays a critical role in shaping economic growth trajectories in these economies. At the same time, governance frameworks can either enhance or hinder the effectiveness of energy finance strategies. As the global push for sustainability intensifies, the need to balance these two energy sources becomes increasingly important. This study investigates the impact of energy finance on economic growth in BRICS nations and explores how governance moderates these relationships. Using data from the World Development Indicators (2000–2023) and employing econometric models, including Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) for robustness, the findings reveal that both FFEF and RENF positively impact EGR. However, RENF also offers the added benefit of environmental sustainability, positioning it as a viable alternative for economic development. Good governance emerges as a critical factor that can mitigate the negative environmental effects of FFEF and further amplify the positive impact of RENF on EGR. The study highlights that BRICS nations have the option to shift from FFEF to RENF, as RENF not only promotes economic growth but also aligns with environmental goals. Strengthening governance frameworks will be essential in facilitating this transition and supporting sustainable economic growth.
Subjective sleep quality and sleep habits of elderly inhabiting rural areas of Sambalpur district of Odisha, India
Authors: Minz Sarojini , Mohapatra Monalisa , Pati Uma Charan , Sahu Pritipadma , Satpathy Raghunath , Kumari Rupashree Brahma , Acharya Pradosh Kumar , Sahoo Nirupama , Jally Sujit Kumar
Published: December 2024

Sleep is an important physiological process that is essential for human beings because it maintains the circadian rhythm appropriately. The sleep behavior in the older population of India has not been studied adequately. Further, there is no report on the sleep behavior of the elderly population of Odisha, India. Therefore, this study has been designed to examine the status of sleep quality in the elderly living in rural areas of the Sambalpur district of western Odisha, India. This study includes1992 elderly subjects above the age of 60 years (945 females and 1047 males) who participated voluntarily. Data collection was done using a socio-demographic form and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) inventory to determine the sleep quality and related factors that might alter the quality of sleep. The prevalence rate of sleep quality was assessed for both groups and the independence of attributes was tested statistically using the Chi-square test with ap-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Of the 1992 elderly participants, 1384 (69.5%) showed good sleep quality, and 608 (30.5%) had poor sleep quality. The factors, “female gender, marital status such as married” and “drinking habits of alcohol” are the statistically significant associations with good sleep quality among the elderly participants. The overall prevalence of good-quality sleep was high among the elderly participants living in rural areas of the Sambalpur district of western Odisha. These results might serve as a baseline database for future research endeavors. Further, a longitudinal study that has been planned might help in identifying the underlying factors that sustain good-quality sleep in a majority of the studied population.
Progerin can induce DNA damage in the absence of global changes in replication or cell proliferation
Authors: Joudeh Liza A. , Schuck P. Logan , Van Nina M. , DiCintio Alannah J. , Stewart Jason A. , Waldman Alan S.
Published: December 2024

Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic condition characterized by features of accelerated aging, and individuals with HGPS seldom live beyond their mid-teens. The syndrome is commonly caused by a point mutation in the LMNA gene which codes for lamin A and its splice variant lamin C, components of the nuclear lamina. The mutation causing HGPS leads to production of a truncated, farnesylated form of lamin A referred to as "progerin." Progerin is also expressed at low levels in healthy individuals and appears to play a role in normal aging. HGPS is associated with an accumulation of genomic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and alterations in the nature of DSB repair. The source of DSBs in HGPS is often attributed to stalling and subsequent collapse of replication forks in conjunction with faulty recruitment of repair factors to damage sites. In this work, we used a model system involving immortalized human cell lines to investigate progerin-induced genomic damage. Using an immunofluorescence approach to visualize phosphorylated histone H2AX foci which mark sites of genomic damage, we report that cells engineered to express progerin displayed a significant elevation of endogenous damage in the absence of any change in the cell cycle profile or doubling time of cells. Genomic damage was enhanced and persistent in progerin-expressing cells treated with hydroxyurea. Overexpression of wild-type lamin A did not elicit the outcomes associated with progerin expression. Our results show that DNA damage caused by progerin can occur independently from global changes in replication or cell proliferation.
geodl: An R package for geospatial deep learning semantic segmentation using torch and terra
Authors: Maxwell Aaron E. , Farhadpour Sarah , Das Srinjoy , Yang Yalin
Published: December 2024

Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning (DL) methods have transformed the analysis of geospatial, Earth observation, and geophysical data due to their ability to model spatial context information at multiple scales. Such methods are especially applicable to pixel-level classification or semantic segmentation tasks. A variety of R packages have been developed for processing and analyzing geospatial data. However, there are currently no packages available for implementing geospatial DL in the R language and data science environment. This paper introduces the geodl R package, which supports pixel-level classification applied to a wide range of geospatial or Earth science data that can be represented as multidimensional arrays where each channel or band holds a predictor variable. geodl is built on the torch package, which supports the implementation of DL using the R and C++ languages without the need for installing a Python/PyTorch environment. This greatly simplifies the software environment needed to implement DL in R. Using geodl, geospatial raster-based data with varying numbers of bands, spatial resolutions, and coordinate reference systems are read and processed using the terra package, which makes use of C++ and allows for processing raster grids that are too large to fit into memory. Training loops are implemented with the luz package. The geodl package provides utility functions for creating raster masks or labels from vector-based geospatial data and image chips and associated masks from larger files and extents. It also defines a torch dataset subclass for geospatial data for use with torch dataloaders. UNet-based models are provided with a variety of optional ancillary modules or modifications. Common assessment metrics (i.e., overall accuracy, class-level recalls or producer’s accuracies, class-level precisions or user’s accuracies, and class-level F1-scores) are implemented along with a modified version of the unified focal loss framework, which allows for defining a variety of loss metrics using one consistent implementation and set of hyperparameters. Users can assess models using standard geospatial and remote sensing metrics and methods and use trained models to predict to large spatial extents. This paper introduces the geodl workflow, design philosophy, and goals for future development.
External negative pressure transiently reduces intravenous pressure and augments the arteriovenous pressure gradient in the affected limb segment
Authors: Callender Nigel A. , Høiseth Lars Øivind , Hisdal Jonny
Published: December 2024

Recently intermittent negative pressure has emerged as a potential treatment in vascular disease and has similarities with established experimental interventions such as lower body negative pressure. The direct, local influences of either method upon intravascular pressure still require some clarification however, particularly in the immediate moments following onset. We investigated the acute intravascular pressure responses to intermittent cycles of negative pressure in the supine and sitting postures. Fifteen participants (6 female) received intermittent negative pressure cycles (-37 mmHg; 9.5-sec on, 7.5-sec off) upon the lower leg in both postures. Saphenous venous (n = 15), and dorsalis pedis artery pressure (n = 3) were recorded via pressure catheter, alongside beat-by-beat systemic cardiovascular parameters (heart rate and blood pressure; n = 15), from which the arteriovenous pressure gradient was ultimately derived. Negative pressure induced a transient reduction in local intravenous pressure (Supine: 14±3 mmHg to -18±6 mmHg, p<0.001; Sitting: 58±10 mmHg to 41±10 mmHg, p<0.001). Rate of venous pressure recovery during the negative pressure plateau phase was faster during sitting, than supine (1.94±0.72 vs. 1.06±0.69 mmHg·sec-1; p = 0.002). Local intraarterial pressure did not change. External negative pressure readily transmits to the superficial intravenous environment of the leg and transiently augments the arteriovenous pressure gradient. The greatest and most sustained effect was during the supine position. The augmented arteriovenous gradient might briefly produce Poiseuille-dependent haemodynamics before local autoregulatory mechanisms engage. These findings benefit understanding of the immediate in-vivo effects of negative pressure upon the local vasculature, and may partly account for the positive clinical effects of intermittent negative pressure treatments in vascular disease.
Re-imaging empowered princesshood against the rise of the fourth-wave feminism: A thematic study of Disney’s princess live-action remakes
Authors: Wang Caroline Yiqian
Published: December 2024

From 2014 to 2023, The Walt Disney Company launched five princess live-action remakes and two adaptations to update its iconic female characters. In both media discussions and academic literature, these revamped princess productions have been celebrated for their embodiments of fourth-wave feminist qualities, such as confidence, independence and girl power. However, the exact process of framing women’s empowerment on-screen – translating abstract feminist ideologies into specific visualizations and bodily performances of Disney princesses – has been treated as a taken-for-granted phenomenon placed beyond interrogation. Through a thematic analysis of all released remakes, this article demonstrates how the live-action princesses are represented to reflect fourth-wave feminist notions and what gender messages are delivered by this renovated series. I identify two visual styles and three plot devices that are used repetitively across the remakes to endow the princess characters with a progressive persona. I further discover that, despite being empowered at first glance, the remakes’ engagements with fourth-wave feminism remain superficial and eventually channel the stories back to existing gender stereotypes and imbalanced structures. This conclusion contributes to the scholarship by ascertaining Disney’s strategic leverage of contemporary gender ideologies on-screen and revealing the problematic nature of such corporate-dominated, pro-feminist agendas.
Making history at Disney Springs: Florida’s past as themed tourism
Authors: Nooe F. Evan
Published: December 2024

In 2015, the Walt Disney World Resort rebranded their property’s 40-year-old shopping, dining and entertainment complex into ‘Disney Springs’. Since 1975, the property has served as a mixed-use shopping centre for tourists and locals visiting the 27,000-acre Walt Disney World Resort in Central Florida. Alongside a significant expansion, the name change signalled a new unifying theme for the 120-acre shopping centre taking inspiration from Florida’s past. This article argues the redeveloped aesthetic of Disney Springs leverages a selective interpretation of Florida history to create an immersive experience conveying a layered past and transitioning space over time. Theming deploys multiple architectural styles distinct to different eras of Florida history to chronologically intertwine the themed space into Florida’s past and present. Disney ‘Imagineers’ utilized locally inspired vernacular architecture, design features and a fictionalized historic narrative to present Disney Springs as a repurposed Florida town originally established in 1850. The shopping centre’s manufactured spring marks a fictionalized point of origin surrounded by four districts, referred to as ‘neighborhoods’, representing distinct time periods of Florida’s past. The result places consumers in a portrayal of Florida history as an immersive theme and interweaves Disney Springs’s fictional past into an ordered conception of the state.
OS PEQUENOS MUNICÍPIOS DO ESTADO DO PIAUÍ CRIADOS NO CONTEXTO DA CONSTITUIÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE 1988
Authors: Nascimento Rondiney Nunes , Viana Bartira Araújo da Silva
Published: December 2024

A discussão acerca das pequenas cidades brasileiras apresenta um impasse metodológico na busca por uma definição pragmática. Afinal, qual o melhor critério para definir o que é uma cidade pequena? Dois são os caminhos mais utilizados: de um lado, a utilização da demografia como fator determinante; de outro, uma abordagem qualitativa que considere a natureza dos bens produzidos. Assim, o objetivo geral pretendido com essa pesquisa é refletir sobre a existência de cidades pequenas no estado do Piauí, a partir da observação de suas características. Como aportes foram estabelecidos os seguintes objetivos específicos: i) verificar o impacto da promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988 na criação de pequenos municípios no estado do Piauí; ii) apresentar os tipos de cidades pequenas segundo a definição de Corrêa (2011); iii) caracterizar os municípios do Território de Desenvolvimento dos Cocais, Aglomerado-3, criados a partir da promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988. Para o alcance dos objetivos, lançou-se mão da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental a partir de fontes primárias e secundárias. A pesquisa possibilitou a reflexão sobre o fenômeno dos municípios pequenos no estado do Piauí e suas respectivas sedes administrativas, indicando que se classificam como cidades pequenas e cidades locais.
Khalouta transform via different fractional derivative operators
Authors: Khalouta Ali
Published: December 2024

Недавно автором было введено и разработано новое интегральное преобразование, которое обобщает множество известных интегральных преобразований. Цель этой работы - расширение данного интегрального преобразования (преобразование Халуты) различными операторами дробной производной. Рассматриваются дробные производные в смысле Римана-Лиувилля, Лиувилля-Капуто, Капуто-Фабрицио, Атанганы-Балеану-Римана-Лиувилля и Атанганы-Балеану-Капуто. Доказаны теоремы, касающиеся свойств преобразования Халуты для решения дробных дифференциальных уравнений с использованием указанных операторов дробной производной. Приведено несколько примеров для проверки надежности и эффективности предложенной техники. Результаты показывают, что преобразование Халуты является эффективным инструментом при работе с дробными дифференциальными уравнениями.
Analisis Kesesuaian Jalur Pedestrian Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo Kota Pontianak
Authors: Hernovianty Firsta Rekayasa , Yuniarti Erni , Silmi Putri Aghnia
Published: December 2024

Pertambahan jumlah penduduk perkotaan dapat menimbulkan peningkatan pergerakan untuk menjalankan aktivitas kehidupan. Hal ini perlu diimbangi dengan penyediaan fasilitas yang manusiawi dan ramah lingkungan, seperti jalur pedestrian. Kota Pontianak saat ini telah menyediakan jalur pedestrian di beberapa ruas jalan, salah satunya Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo. Koridor jalan ini telah mengalami perkembangan khususnya pada aktivitas perdagangan dan jasa. Namun, jalur pedestrian pada jalan tersebut belum dilengkapi dengan fasilitas khusus penyandang disabilitas dan belum dibangun dengan material yang dapat meningkatkan nilai estetika. Selain itu, hambatan berupa adanya pedagang kaki lima yang berjualan pada jalur pedestrian tersebut dapat menyebabkan benturan antara aktivitas pejalan kaki dengan aktivitas lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan melakukan analisis kesesuaian jalur pedestrian Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo Kota Pontianak dengan mengacu pada peraturan dan pedoman yang berlaku. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis skoring untuk melihat kategori kesesuaian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo sudah disediakan jalur pedestrian di ruas kiri dan kanan jalan, namun masih ditemukan permasalahan fisik berupa kerusakan material dan kurang meratanya sarana pendukung pada jalur pedestrian. Tingkat kesesuaian jalur pedestrian Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo termasuk ke dalam kategori kurang sesuai dengan nilai tiap ruas sebesar 37% pada ruas kiri dan 55% pada ruas kanan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya peningkatan kualitas berupa perbaikan pada jalur pedestrian yang mengalami kerusakan material dan perencanaan penyediaan sarana seperti jalur hijau, lampu penerangan, tempat sampah, tempat duduk, hingga jalur khusus penyandang disabilitas yang terintegrasi dengan jalur pedestrian yang telah ada.
Reconocimiento del territorio urbano: un caso de estudio a partir de la evaluación en seguridad ciudadana
Authors: Torres Parra Camilo Alberto , Saldeño Madero Yelinca Nalena , Gonzáles Méndez Alex Mauricio , Fasolino Isidoro , Villegas Flores Noés
Published: December 2024

Esta investigación identificó el nivel de riesgo en seguridad ciudadana en el territorio de Gran Yomasa, ubicado en la localidad de Usme en Bogotá, Colombia, teniendo en cuenta la consolidación de un asentamiento urbano en relación con el acceso, estado y disponibilidad de la infraestructura de espacios físicos abiertos, servicios, mobiliario urbano y accesibilidad. Para cumplir con el alcance propuesto, este trabajo se apoyó en un marco metodológico de enfoque de investigación cuantitativa, con alcance descriptivo y diseño no experimental transeccional correlacional-causal, convocando la participación de 55 personas vinculadas al Proyecto Institucional Yomasa de la Universidad Católica de Colombia mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. El estudio estableció una correlación entre cuatro categorías, nueve variables y veinte indicadores propuestos de infraestructura y espacio público disponible con el nivel de riesgo en seguridad ciudadana que percibe el habitante a nivel urbano. Lo anterior permitió reconocer el territorio de Gran Yomasa por parte de los participantes en un mapa de ubicación espacial del uso del suelo, agrupando seis sectores de incidencia territorial según el riesgo evaluado. Esto representa una forma de reconocimiento y configuración urbana por parte del habitante de su territorio local y distrital frente al nivel de riesgo en seguridad ciudadana, para que, con dicha información, se propusieran de manera participativa veinte estrategias para mejorar la seguridad ciudadana y, en consecuencia, el bienestar del habitante que vive y frecuenta el sector de Gran Yomasa. Finalmente, se pudo concluir que identificar y priorizar los sectores con riesgo en seguridad que perciben los habitantes de Gran Yomasa, tanto en su territorio como a nivel Bogotá, fue un ejercicio que ayudó a exteriorizar sus sentires y temores, así como a ser interlocutores válidos en su comunidad. Esto les permitió opinar acerca de cómo interactúan con su territorio, con sus vecinos, con la comunidad y con las autoridades; cómo se relacionan con la infraestructura disponible y cómo se pueden organizar para mejorar las condiciones de seguridad ciudadana para ellos y sus familias.
Modeling of Hydrodynamic Regimes for the Thuan An Estuary
Authors:   Key Laboratory of River and Coastal Engineering (KLORCE), Hung Nguyen Thanh , Cuong Vu Dinh ,   Key Laboratory of River and Coastal Engineering (KLORCE), Thanh Nguyen Tien ,   Thuyloi University, Hung Nguyen Van ,   Key Laboratory of River and Coastal Engineering (KLORCE), Quan Trieu Quang ,   Key Laboratory of River and Coastal Engineering (KLORCE)
Published: December 2024

Located in the southeast of Hue city in Thua Thien Hue province, Thuan An estuary plays a crucial role as a waterway and flood drainage pathway for the Huong River. Importantly, the morphology of the Thuan An estuary has been subjected to continuous change during monsoon seasons with the process of sediments in the estuary and erosion along the northern and southern coasts. Remarkably, the process of sediments directly impacts flood drainage and navigation along the waterway, as well as the sustainable development of Thua Thien Hue marine economy. Therefore, the goal of this study is to insightfully provide hydrodynamic regimes using a Delft3D model combined with ArcGIS software. The results showed that the estuary is wave-dominated lowland coasts. The coastal barrier is formed from sand that is transported along the shoreline by wave-driven longshore currents. During the northeast monsoon, river flow is significantly small, tidal currents combine with longshore currents by waves to form a strong longshore current with direction from northeast to southwest. Whereas, during the southwest monsoon, the sandbar extending from the southern side expands northward, leading to sedimentation accumulation at the river mouth channel. Specifically, a sandbar is formed at the river mouth with an accumulation of up to about 0.8 m.
Where Have All the Archives Gone? Yucatán’s Missing and Mobile Municipal Archives
Authors: Lentz Mark
Published: December 2024

During the heady years of the late 1970 s through the early 1990 s, scholars undertaking Indigenous-language research in English-language academia sparked enthusiasm and optimism regarding the impending discovery of many Native language sources. Pioneering works in this vein focused on Central Mexico with its abundant colonial-era (1520s–1820s) Nahuatl texts, with an emphasis on wills, election records, and judicial proceedings. Many hoped to find intact, long-term, extensive records of one locale’s documentation, such as one of the early finds, the Libro de Testamentos of Culhuacan, composed of 83 nearly complete documents from 1580 to 1600, revealing aspects of Nahua society such as the material culture, religious beliefs, and practices of inheritance among Indigenous Central Mexicans in the late sixteenth-century.1 The so-called New Philologists anticipated the recovery of corpuses of multiple Indigenous-language documents, such as Maya for Yucatan and Mixtec and Zapotec for Oaxaca. Though Nahuatl sources approximated the excited historians’ expectations, other Indigenous language corpuses surfaced in less sizeable numbers and more dispersed than anticipated. Yucatan in particular possessed fewer extant, complete community archives than projected. This article examines the variegated historical circumstances behind the decimation of pueblo archives of the Yucatec Maya region, focusing on climate, Spanish rapaciousness, covetous collectors, land expropriation and the loss of associated documents, and, finally, the Caste War of Yucatan. This article examines a different kind of mobility in the archives: the disappearance and ‘flight’ of documents from their communities of origin.
The Evolution of a Definite Article in Old English: Evidence from a Filiation Formula in a Runic Inscription from Eyke, Suffolk
Authors: Hines John
Published: December 2024

An Old English runic inscription on a pendant recently found in Suffolk is published here for the first time. It can be dated around the first half of the ninth century. The text is readily identifiable as a familiar maker’s formula which can be translated ‘Būdheard the son of Bilheard made this’. This had been copied in a slightly bungled manner from a runographically sophisticated exemplar. The maker is identified in a filiation formula that has a determiner
se
between his name and a patronymic in ‑ing. The use of
se
in noun phrases in earlier Old English, and the gradual development of a definite article, are reviewed, primarily in terms of Traditional Grammar but with reference to other models within Linguistics. The development of definite articles was an areal phenomenon of western, central and southern Europe, largely within the ‘long’ Middle Ages of c. AD 400–1500. The evidence of the Eyke inscription is exceptionally important, both for English philology and within the context of comparative European Historical Linguistics. It is shown that in Old English the determiner
se
was consistently used to mark the head noun in expanded noun phrases, and that its function as a definite article appears to have evolved from this role.
Enhanced tribological performance of transesterified corn oil biodiesel blends with CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles: experimental analysis on wear and friction reduction using environment friendly lubricants
Authors: Surakasi Raviteja , Raja Subramani , Praveenkumar Vijayakumar , Ravikant Yajjala , Rusho Maher Ali , Sharma Shubham , Kalyani Teku , Bisht Yashwant Singh , Kumar Abhinav
Published: December 2024

The tribological characteristics of biodiesel blends containing corn oil and nanoparticles of copper oxide and titanium dioxide were examined in this study. The prepared biodiesel blends along with nanopowders are blended with 20W-40 lubricant. The aim was to explore the potential of these blends as lubricants in various mechanical systems. A pin-on-disk equipment was used to perform the tribological tests under different stresses. The optimal outcomes were achieved with the incorporation of 100 ppm CuO with BD20, which reduced the coefficient of friction by as much as 80 % and decreased the wear rate by up to 75 % in comparison to pure biodiesel. There is also a decrease in frictional force for the sample BD20 with 100 ppm CuO and pin temperature was minimum for the sample BD20. The results indicate the viability of using corn oil biodiesel mixtures containing CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles as eco-friendly lubricants in diverse industrial applications.
Unlocking the potential of carboxymethyl tamarind: A multi-pronged analysis of its impact on whole wheat bread quality
Authors: Yadav Vikas , Singh Pratik , Kumar Krishan , Sahu Deblu , Majhi Manoja K. , Kim Doman , Yang Deng , Neelapu Bala Chakravarthy , Jarzebski Maciej , Pal Kunal
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of incorporating carboxymethyl tamarind gum (CMT) at varying concentrations (0 %–3 % w/w) into whole wheat bread (WWB) by analyzing several physicochemical properties. The results indicate that the loaf height of CMT2 (1 % CMT) increased by 8 % compared to the control (CMT0, without CMT) (p < 0.05), with more evenly distributed pores observed in CMT2. CMT formulations showed higher moisture content and lower impedance values than CMT0. Color analysis revealed that CMT2 had a 16 % higher L* value and a 19 % lower browning index. Microscopic analysis indicated glossier structures in CMT-containing samples, with CMT2 displaying the lowest hardness (7.46 N ± 0.11) (p < 0.05), 21 % lower than CMT0. Microbial analysis showed that CMT2 had the lowest total viable count (TVC) at 81 ± 6.55 CFU/g (p < 0.05) after 2 days, 68 % lower than CMT0. Overall, CMT2 demonstrated superior characteristics and extended shelf life.
The Sociocultural Constructs Of Secular Time And Labour Among The Christian Farmers Of Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Haile Gezae
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the sociocultural constructs of secular time and labor as perceived by Christian farmers in rural Tigray, Ethiopia. The central objective is to uncover the factors that influence these farmers’ heritage value orientations and attitudes towards secular time and labor. A combination of structured and unstructured interviews, focus group discussions, and observational methods were employed to collect data. The data were systematically analyzed through both qualitative and quantitative lenses. The findings indicate that Christian farmers in the study area hold a modest esteem for labor and the judicious use of time for secular ends. Furthermore, it is evident that their secular outlook is deeply intertwined with their broader heritage life philosophy. These farmers prioritize “the afterlife” over the present, leading to a diminished existential significance of the “here and now” within their socio-economic framework of time. The research identifies several key factors contributing to the knowledge gap among Christian farmers: the dominant authority of the church, the lack of a robust secular authority, insufficient dissemination of accurate information about the physical world and human capabilities, and a limited understanding of the constraints imposed by ancient heritage myths. Consequently, it is evident that the prevailing sociocultural constructs of time adversely affect the economic productivity and overall livelihoods of the Christian farmers.
Effect of wire feed speed and arc length on weld bead geometry in synergistic controlled pulsed MIG/MAG welding
Authors: Arslan Ekrem , Karadeniz Erdal , Feyzullahoğlu Erol
Published: December 2024

Arc welding is one of the most commonly applied methods in the welded manufacturing industry. The pulse MIG/MAG welding method (GMAW-P) was developed to prevent problems that may occur in the weld bead due to high heat input to the base metal during the feeding of the weld metal in MIG/MAG welding applications. The synergistic controlled welding machines have been developed that facilitate the selection of welding parameters and provide simultaneous feeding of pulsed welding wire by adjusting the variables to the most appropriate values relative to each other. Weld bead geometry is greatly influenced by welding process parameter, i.e., welding speed, welding current, shielding gas flow rate, voltage, arc travel speed, type of shielding gas, etc. In this study, steel welding samples in T-joint shape were produced with synergistic controlled GMAW-P. The effect of welding parameters on weld bead geometry was investigated. As a result of this study, it was determined that increases in weld wire feed speed, arc voltage, and welding current increased weld depths of penetration and weld bead thickness.
Transcendental Apperception from a Phenomenological Perspective: Kant and Husserl on Ego’s Emptiness
Authors: Forgione Luca
Published: December 2024

This article traces the development of Edmund Husserl’s approach to the concept of the ego through the different stages of the evolution of his phenomenological project. The aim is to delineate Husserl’s shifting viewpoints from a Humean to a Kantian perspective, particularly focusing on the transition toward a Kantian transcendental approach. Through an analysis of Husserl’s engagement with Kant’s texts, especially on transcendental apperception, the study reveals how Husserl’s encounters with Kantian philosophy informed his conceptualization of the ego. It further examines the “empty character” of the ego, contrasting Husserl’s and Kant’s strategies to address Humean skepticism and their differing solutions for integrating the egological dimension into subjective experience: The transcendence-in-immanence of the ego for Husserl, the I as analytical form of thoughts for Kant.
La valuación como objeto de análisis complejo en la interrelación de arquitectura, patrimonio y transformación a ciudades saludables y sustentables en el siglo XXI
Authors: Valiñas Varela María Guadalupe , Maria del Pilar Magdalena Morales Rubio
Published: December 2024

La valuación ha tenido un papel relevante a finales del siglo XX, principalmente para fijar un valor económico, por ejemplo, a una vivienda, u otros. Hay inmuebles cuya forma de valorar requiere de estudios profundos, como lo es el patrimonio donde deben tomarse en cuenta muchos aspectos, pues debe observarse si es histórico, o artístico, pero ¿cómo saber si los procedimientos y el valor que se emite es el correcto, debido a dar dirección hacia la sustentabilidad y las ciudades saludables después del COVID. En múltiples ocasiones se emiten resultados de valor de obras arquitectónicas de manera equivocada considerando únicamente lo económico y dejando de lado lo social y lo ambiental. Como pregunta de investigación principal se parte de preguntarnos ¿cuáles son los métodos utilizados actualmente para otorgar un valor económico a un bien inmueble y si consideran aspectos de sustentabilidad y salud? Y a su vez ¿se consideran aspectos históricos, sociales o políticos en la emisión de un total fijado a una propiedad que pudiera tener no sólo un valor económico sino también un valor ambiental o cultural? Entre los objetivos destacan la evaluación de algunos métodos y su eficacia, así como explicar y analizar que métodos son viables; se requiere establecer nuevas metodologías de valuación considerando el análisis complejo en diversas vertientes que no son consideradas regularmente por medio de una metodología cuantitativa, incorporando elementos cualitativos donde se aborde el diseño arquitectónico conjugado con otros rubros como la sustentabilidad y la salud. Los resultados tendrán relación con una forma de análisis de valor más racional hacia elementos de gran valor histórico, artístico y cultural con la visión hacia ciudades saludables y sustentables.
A new model O Ring isocentric Telecobalt machine with built in imaging system and multi-leaf beam collimation – Type approval inputs for clinical applications
Authors: Ravichandran Ramamoorthy , Bonanthaya Ravi Kiran , Mani Tamilarasan , Sundarappa Udayakumar Kandukuri , Kakileti Vamsi , Palanisamy Manikandan , Mondal Tarani , Subrahmanyam GV
Published: December 2024

It had been emphasized in literature that there is no effect of beam quality in all the megavoltage radiation photon beams towards biological cancer kill. It is also been brought out that linear accelerators have accessory beam modifiers and volume dose modulation facilities compared to simple telecobalt machines. Continuation of telecobalt machines for cancer treatments were recommended even in the era of linacs based on their simplicity and constant beam quality. There is need felt to upgrade the design features in existing cobalt machine designs. Some imported latest cobalt machines have been built with multileaf collimation and intensity modulation capabilities.

In India, a new model O Ring design telecobalt machine, Bhabhatron 3i is designed by M/s PMT Ltd, Karnataka, as latest innovative effort, which is type approved. This report summarizes the basic features of this machine and compares with physical parameters of earlier MLC model Bhabhatron. The built in features include iso-centric KV imager with flat panel detectors, an universal wedge, and an image guided beam delivery designs. The physical parameters acquired towards getting type approval from regulatory authority (Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, AERB, India) are highlighted.

As the dose volume histograms (DVH) with cobalt beam vis-à-vis 6 MV linac photons in test plans are reported in literature to be more or less identical, efforts are being put in to enhance the specifications to intensity modulation capabilities in the latest Bhabhatron 3i machine. As first of its kind this machine is more comparable to latest O Ring model low energy linacs in its performance. In the cancer control programme, such machines will help in meeting the radiotherapy needs of more populated countries with low socio-economic patient loads, and less populated well developed urban regions as well.
ANOTAÇÕES PARA UMA INTERPRETAÇÃO DA HISTÓRIA DA COMUNICAÇÃO
Authors: A. Wainberg Jacques
Published: December 2024

Este texto tem o objetivo de introduzir o leitor na temática da História da Comunicação. Para tanto, aborda o assunto desde a perspectiva tecnológica. Essa escolha se deve às evidências de que os seres humanos dependem fortemente da mídia para viver. Cada transformação nos aparatos de comunicação altera a maneira como as pessoas se relacionam. O efeito é sistêmico; a sociedade toda muda. Isso está claro no tempo atual, fortemente marcado pela Internet e pela telefonia celular. O mesmo aconteceu no passado com a tipografia, com o rádio e com a televisão, por exemplo. O leitor está convidado a dar atenção à relevância que a materialidade tem para a vida pessoal e para a sociedade.
John Thorne with Matt Lewis Thorne: Outlaw Cook
Authors: Mason Laura
Published: December 2024

John Thorne with Matt Lewis Thorne: Outlaw Cook: Farrar, Strauss, Giroux, New York 1992: 378 pp, index, bibliography
Margaret Shaida: The Legendary Cuisine of Persia
Authors: Saberi Helen J
Published: December 2024

Margaret Shaida: The Legendary Cuisine of Persia: Lieuse Publications (Della Ra, Harpsden Way, Henley-upon-Thames, Oxfordshire RG9 lNL), 1992: 325 pp, 6 colour photos, b/w illustrations by Melanie Kaveh, glossary and index, foreword by Alan Davidson, introduction by Gregory Lima, £19.00.
Rafael DOMINGO, Law and Religion in a Secular Age, The Catholic University of America Press, Washington DC 2024, 332 pp., ISBN 978-0-1323-729-9
Authors: Witte, Jr. John
Published: December 2024

Book Review
Silvia MESEGUER VELASCO, Cooperación del Estado con la religión en Europa, Aranzadi (col. «Raíces del Derecho»), Cizur Menor (Navarra) 2024, 225 pp., ISBN 978-84-1162-665-1
Authors: García-Nieto-Barón María
Published: December 2024

Book Review
Luis NAVARRO – Pierpaolo CILLA, Il soffio sulla terra. Studi su diritto ecclesiale e aggregazioni, EDUSC, Roma 2024, 314 pp., ISBN 979-12-5482-260-9
Authors: Vigo-Ferrera Santiago
Published: December 2024

Book Review
Antonio RELLA RÍOS – Juan Damián GANDÍA BARBER – Carlos LÓPEZ SEGOVIA (coords.), Derecho penal canónico (De cada uno de los delitos y de las penas establecidas para estos), Laborum, Murcia 2024, 418 pp., ISBN 978-84-10262-22-5
Authors: Castro-Maestre Jorge
Published: December 2024

Book Review
A hybrid artificial neural network–genetic algorithm back-analysis technique for local anomaly detection in railway track substructure
Authors: Fathi Shadi , Mehravar Moura , Rahman Mujib
Published: December 2024

The UK’s ageing railway transportation network is increasingly at risk of substructure failure, often caused by malfunctioning buried drainage systems. These drainage issues lead to localised soil weaknesses in the substructure layers, which, if undetected, can result in costly maintenance interventions or, worse, catastrophic system failure. Regular non-destructive test (NDT) assessments are essential for monitoring the condition of the substructure, yet current interpretation techniques for NDT data provide limited insight into the size, location and even the presence of weakened zones. This results in an incomplete understanding of the substructure's condition, impeding effective maintenance planning. A novel hybrid back-analysis technique to detect weakened zones in railway substructures caused by drainage malfunctions is proposed, addressing a critical gap in existing solutions. The method employs an artificial neural network surrogate model, trained on virtual experimental data generated through finite-element simulations, and couples it with a genetic algorithm to optimise the match between modelled and measured deflections. This novel method is computationally efficient, independent of seed modulus values and thoroughly validated for accuracy. It delivers a precise understanding of soil weaknesses in railway substructures, transforming maintenance strategies by improving safety, reducing costs and promoting infrastructure sustainability.
Detecting high-risk road segments using kriging and inverse distance weighted methods
Authors: Shokat Doaa M. , Jameel Abeer K.
Published: December 2024

The detection of high-risk road segments is essential to set priorities in road rehabilitation projects. The ArcGIS tool has been used in previous studies as an alternative tool to identify high-risk segments. However, most tools use crash frequency as a safety performance measure. In this study, the aim is to investigate how ArcGIS tools, specifically kriging and inverse distance weighted (IDW) tools, can be used to find high-risk road segments using crash rate and equivalent property damage only (EPDO) metrics. A road section with a length of 85 km was selected for applying the investigated tools. Crash data with their details were collected from the official police station for 3 years. Kriging and IDW tools were processed by selecting five clusters, from the high-risk to the no-risk levels. The ranks of the segments have been compared with those resulting from the K-mean method using the t-paired test. The test results indicate that kriging and IDW yield uncorrelated segment ranks compared to the K-mean rank. In addition, using these tools produced false positives and false negative cases. According to the K-mean results, 37.8 km is diagnosed as the top highest risk segment, subjected to further crash data analysis to identify the risk factors and recommend suitable countermeasures.