bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entre a passarola e a flor: imagens e contrastes na construção solidária de uma nova humanidade
Authors: Hernandorena Monteagudo de Campos Valéria
Published: December 2021

Este artigo examina a possibilidade de paralelismo de métodos e estímulos nas narrativas escritas para adultos e para crianças por José Saramago, por meio da comparação dos aspectos temáticos e formais em Memorial do Convento e A Maior Flor do Mundo. Quanto ao estilo, prioriza-se o exame do modo de narrar repleto de intervenções e sugestões, assim como as estratégias utilizadas nos inícios dos textos. Em seguida, identifica-se a vontade humana como condutora de um destino mais elevado e solidário perante um mundo em desconcerto.
Sobre Mallarmé
Authors: Freire Márcio
Published: December 2021

O texto abaixo é a tradução de uma conferência que Paul Valéry proferiu em 1927 sobre Mallarmé. Como os demais textos que Valéry escreveu sobre Mallarmé, é um misto de recordação do breve convívio pessoal dos dois e de análise da postura de Mallarmé face à poesia. Além disso, indiretamente, é possível ler no texto de Valéry um painel de fundo que diz muito das relações artísticas de Mallarmé e da origem do poema Um lance de dados nunca abolirá o acaso. Embora um texto breve, a análise feita por Valéry diz muito.
LOURENÇO FILHO E A APRENDIZAGEM COMERCIAL NOS PRIMÓRDIOS DA MASSIFICAÇÃO DO ENSINO COMERCIAL NO BRASIL (1946)
Authors: Pedrosa José Geraldo , Duenhas Flávia Oliveira , Ramos Nívea Maria Teixeira
Published: December 2021

O artigo é dedicado ao entendimento das aproximações de Lourenço Filho (1897–1970) com o ensino comercial e suas elaborações sobre as especificidades do labor do comerciário, da aprendizagem e do ensino comercial. Desde os anos 1930 Lourenço Filho mantinha relações com a educação profissional, mas foi em 1949 que ele fez intervenções nas concepções de aprendizagem e nas práticas de ensino com amparo no funcionalismo e no pragmatismo anglo-americanos. O artigo considera o cenário econômico, social e cultural no Brasil dos anos 1940, faz incursões na trajetória e na obra de Lourenço Filho e dialoga com a literatura já produzida. De modo particular o artigo é uma elaboração que, resulta do exame de documentos primários e inéditos de Lourenço Filho sobre a aprendizagem profissional.
VÍNCULOS TRANSNACIONAIS E MEDIAÇÕES CULTURAIS: a livraria Mestre Jou como distribuidora da editora Fondo de Cultura Económica no Brasil (1952-1965)
Authors: Faria Filho Luciano Mendes , Roriz Bruna Marinho Valle
Published: December 2021

A editora mexicana Fondo de Cultura Económica (FCE), fundada em 1934, iniciou, já nos anos 1940, um movimento de expansão rumo ao sul do continente, incentivada por objetivos comerciais e por uma declarada missão de integração cultural da América Latina. Considerando tal contexto, este artigo é parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre a circulação dos livros do FCE no Brasil, por meio da atuação de sua distribuidora exclusiva, a Livraria Mestre Jou, entre os anos de 1952 e 1965. Como principais fontes, utilizamos o acervo das relações comerciais entre o FCE e a Mestre Jou, preservado pelo Arquivo Histórico do Fondo. Neste texto, enfocaremos, em primeiro lugar, os vínculos transnacionais mobilizados pelo FCE para estabelecer a representação exclusiva no Brasil, em 1952, considerando as viagens realizadas e os sujeitos envolvidos. Em segundo lugar, discutiremos brevemente as práticas de mediação cultural empreendidas por Felipe Mestre Jou na divulgação dos livros do FCE. A presente pesquisa contribui para a maior compreensão da oferta de leitura proporcionada pelas obras do Fondo de Cultura Económica aos potenciais leitores brasileiros e para a reflexão sobre a figura do livreiro como um agente cultural no universo dos impressos.
EFFECTS OF COMPENSATION PRACTICES ON ACADEMIC STAFF’S JOB PERFORMANCE IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, ABEOKUTA, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: JOSHUA Y. , AYANSINA S. O. , ALABI O. S. , OOSE M. O. , ADEGBOYEGA O. S.
Published: December 2021

The study examined the effect of compensation practices on academic staff’s job performance in Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Multi stage sampling technique was used to purposively select 3 Agricultural base colleges followed by proportionate stratified sampling technique where respondents were randomly selected. One hundred and three (103) respondents from the three colleges of agriculture of the university were selected of which 92 questionnaires were retrieved. Data obtained was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as mean, standard deviation, chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Finding revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 42.71 years, 71.7% of the respondents were male, 81.5% of them were married and 79.3% of the respondents were PhD holders. The mean years of experience was 10 years while their mean income was ₦217447.29. Most (79.4%) academic staff perceived that there is a pressing need to review and rationalize the pay structure to improve employee efficiency, some of the compensation packages available were; retirement benefit (100%), study leave (91.3%), career development opportunity (82.6%). The major constraints to compensation strategies identified were poor insurance scheme (21.7%), inadequate welfare package (20.7%) and poor communication network (19.6%). Furthermore, a significant relationship existed between respondents’ age (r= -0.204, P<0.05), compensation packages (r= 0.26, P<0.05) and their job performance. The results concluded that academic staff perceived a pressing need to review the compensation packages by involving them in the compensation decision making process. Effective management and implementation of compensation packages is highly recommended.

, , Job Performance
A study of the effectiveness of myofascial trigger point therapy on iliotibial band friction syndrome in sports persons
Authors:   , Hall Thandi Antonia
Published: December 2021

Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome is a common problem for patients as well as physicians. Many treatments have been devised for Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome, but there is very little research to substantiate which of these treatments is most effective. Myofascial trigger points are a frequently overlooked and misunderstood phenomenon in the medical curriculae, yet with correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment the prognosis of these trogger points is usually excellent. The aim of this placebo-controlled study was to justify the hypotheses which stated that myofascial trigger point therapy would be effective in the treatment of Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome (IBFS), as compared to detuned ultrasound as a form of treatment.
The efficacy of homoeopathic simillimum versus vitamin C (1000mg) in the treatment of influenza type syndrome
Authors:   , Swan Carla
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this double blind randomised study is to evaluate the efficacy of homoeopathic simillimum versus high doses of vitamin C in the treatment of Influenza Type Syndrome in terms of subjective symptoms assessed by the patient, and objective clinical signs assessed by the researcher
A study of the relative effectiveness of McManis traction used as an adjunct to spinal manipulative therapy
Authors:   , Kretzmann Heidi M
Published: December 2021

Mechanical lower back pain is a common clinical entity which encompasses a spectrum of disorders. studies show that spinal manipulative therapy is of value in the treatment of mechanical lower back pain, while some chiropractors are of the opinion that McManis traction offers an effective adjunct to spinal manipulative therapy in the treatment of such conditions
Data mining to analyse recurrent crime in South Africa
Authors:   , Monyeki Phirime
Published: December 2021

When South Africa is compared to other countries, it has a notably high rate of crime. The country has seen a concomitantly high occurrence of murder, residential burglary, drug-related crime and carjacking (hijacking) crime. The government is desperately seeking solutions that can be implemented to reduce recurrent crime. Several reasons to explicate high crime trends in different areas include alcohol or drug abuse, low standards of education, poor parenting skills and a lack of social and vocational skills. This study aimed to gain better insight into crime trends in South Africa using data mining techniques. Decision-making linked to the data could help the government implement a coherent crime strategy to mitigate crime. The crime dataset chosen for this study was publicly available at kaggle.com. The dataset was prepared using Python programming code. The research design was utilised as an overall strategy to compile all different components of this study with an intention of answering the research questions and attaining the research objectives. To identify the significant changes, ChangePoint Analysis (CPA) was performed to pinpoint the abrupt change in the South African crime dataset. Two methods called Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) and Bootstrap were implemented in this study of CPA. To analyse the trend of data, CUSUM and Bootstrap were performed to measure the occurrence of change points based on the confidence levels. The CPA outcome depicted multiple significant changes and abrupt shifts in several provinces of South Africa. Linear regression (LR) was utilised to predict the future trends of crime in South Africa from 2016 – 2022 based on the erstwhile 2005 – 2015 crime statistics. The results showed that crime has been on the increase in South Africa with certain provinces such as Western Cape, Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal being identified as crime hotspots. Future studies on crime should focus only on one province to gain insight into the dominating crimes and hotspots within that particular province, with a view to developing highly specific crime-reduction interventions.
Mevlânâ’da Zâhid ve Ârif Tipi
Authors: CENGİZ Muammer
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada tasavvuf ve tarikatlar târihi-düşüncesi açısından önemli ayrışmalardan birini ifade eden zâhid ve ârif tipinin Mevlânâ’da nasıl bir görünüme sahip olduğunun tespitine çalışılmıştır. Mevlânâ’nın zâhid ve ârif hakkındaki değerlendirmelerine etki eden temel düşüncelerinin neler olduğu, bu iki tipe dair ne tür nitelemelerde bulunduğu ve onları hangi yönleri itibariyle birbirinden ayırdığı gibi belli başlı noktalara odaklanılmıştır. Böylece onun hem tasavvuf hem de edebiyat tarihindeki müşterek bir temaya dair ne tür katkılar sunduğunun üzerinde durulmuştur.
Osmanlı Devleti’nde Çiçek Hastalığı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ÜNLÜ Mucize , ALBAYRAK Zarife
Published: December 2021

Yakutların kızıl saçlı ve kırmızı elbiseli Rus bir kadın olarak tasavvur ettiği çiçek hastalığı, toplu ölümlere, hayatta kalanlarda ise körlüğe sebep olmuş, insanları ömürlerinin geri kalanını yüzlerindeki çiçek yarası iziyle yaşamaya mahkum etmiştir. İsmiyle müsemma olmayan çiçek hastalığı çoğunlukla çocuklarda görülmesine rağmen tüm yaş gruplarını da etkilemiş ve büyük nüfus kayıplarına yol açmıştır. Ağır sonuçları olan bu hastalık Osmanlı coğrafyasında da etkili olmuş, ortadan kaldırılabilmesi için bir taraftan halk bilinçlendirilmeye çalışılırken bir taraftan da hastalığı önlemek adına kurumsal gelişmelere ağırlık verilmiş ve çıkarılan nizamnameler ile hukuki yollara başvurulmuştur. Bu çalışmada hastalığı önlemek amacıyla alınan tıbbi önlemler, yayınlanan nizamnameler, kurumsal gelişmeler ve halkın çiçek salgınına karşı tutumu irdelenmiş, Osmanlı Devleti’nde zuhur eden çiçek salgınlarına ilişkin genel bir perspektif sunulmuştur.
GLOBALIZATION AS A FACTOR OF IMPROVING KAZAKHSTAN'S FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
Authors:   Zhetysu state University Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan, Gussenov B.
Published: December 2021

Currently, the importance of foreign economic activity for the enterprise cannot be underestimated. Kazakhstani enterprises cannot consider the foreign market only as another sales market, because there are qualitative differences in the development and condition of domestic and foreign markets, characteristic of all developing countries. When the domestic market lags behind in its development (including the level of products) and infrastructure from foreign markets, foreign economic activity can have the greatest impact on the growth and development of the enterprise. For effective foreign economic activity, an enterprise must have high levels of management, knowledge and competencies of personnel, the quality of resources used, etc. Moreover, it becomes possible and necessary to manage the level of these characteristics, and, consequently, the efficiency of foreign economic activity and the efficiency of the enterprise's development through the choice of the host country. Thus, foreign economic activity occupies a special place in the production and economic activity of any enterprise.
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ADVERTISING ACTIVITIES OF THE COMPANY
Authors:   Eurasian Technological University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: s.torgayeva@etu.edu.kz, Torgayeva Sh.
Published: December 2021

This article presents the reports how new technologies are acting as a key component of change, forcing firms to adapt to new processes, which in turn are disrupting existing hierarchies. The unfavorable conditions of these components create opportunities for marketers who have not been considered as key players at the board level. Thus, it creates conditions for a wide release of innovations and a quick return on investment. To successfully manage innovation, marketing must not only focus on internal management and facilitation, but also enable enterprise-wide market orientation to become the dominant tool of the firm. The article describes their methodological features. The article describes their methodological features, which are aimed at their direct impact on the effectiveness of innovation.
Identification of bacterial antibiotic resistance genes in next-generation sequencing data (review of literature)
Authors: Chaplin A. V. , Korzhanova M. , Korostin D. O.
Published: December 2021

The spread of antibiotic-resistant human bacterial pathogens is a serious threat to modern medicine. Antibiotic susceptibility testing is essential for treatment regimens optimization and preventing dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, development of antibiotic susceptibility testing methods is a priority challenge of laboratory medicine. The aim of this review is to analyze the capabilities of the bioinformatics tools for bacterial whole genome sequence data processing. The PubMed database, Russian scientific electronic library eLIBRARY, information networks of World health organization and European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) were used during the analysis. In this review, the platforms for whole genome sequencing, which are suitable for detection of bacterial genetic resistance determinants, are described. The classic step of genetic resistance determinants searching is an alignment between the query nucleotide/protein sequence and the subject (database) nucleotide/protein sequence, which is performed using the nucleotide and protein sequence databases. The most commonly used databases are Resfinder, CARD, Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance Reference Gene Database. The results of the resistance determinants searching in genome assemblies is more correct in comparison to results of the searching in contigs. The new resistance genes searching bioinformatics tools, such as neural networks and machine learning, are discussed in the review. After critical appraisal of the current antibiotic resistance databases we designed a protocol for predicting antibiotic resistance using whole genome sequence data. The designed protocol can be used as a basis of the algorithm for qualitative and quantitative antimicrobial susceptibility testing based on whole genome sequence data.
Havalimanlarında Güneş Enerji Sistemlerinin Kullanılması İle İşletme Maliyetinin Azaltılması
Authors: YILMAZ Duygu , KORKMAZ Fatih
Published: December 2021

Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin her geçen gün enerji talebi artmakta ve enerji kaynaklarının gelecek nesillere aktarılması konusu tüm dünyada endişe uyandırmaktadır. Fosil yakıtlar hem yaydığı sera gazı hem de tükenebilir olduğundan ülkeler alternatif enerji kaynağı arayışına girmektedir. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları, sınırsız ve çevre dostu olmalarından dolayı tüm dünyada tercih edilmektedir. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı, enerji tüketiminin yoğun olduğu havalimanlarında enerji maliyetlerini düşürmek ve fosil yakıtlara kıyasla emisyonu azaltmak için oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Havalimanlarında emniyet amacıyla çok fazla boş alan olduğundan modüler yapıdaki fotovoltaik sistemler bu alanlara kurulabilir. Bu çalışmada Yozgat Havalimanında güneş enerji sistemlerinin uygulanabilirliği incelenmiş ve bu sistemlerin havacılık üzerindeki ekonomik, teknik ve operasyonel etkileri sunulmuştur. Yapılan araştırma sonuçlarına göre işletmede PV sistemlerinin kullanılması durumunda yıllık 3.660.000kWh enerji üretilebileceği ve sistemin kendisini amorti etme süresinin 7.35 yıl olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Santrallerin kullanım ömrünün yaklaşık 30 yıl olduğu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda PV sistemlerinin kurulumunun ekonomik olduğu ve işletme maliyetlerini azaltacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.
FORMABILIDAD Y EDUCABILIDAD PARA LA ENSEÑANZA, APRENDIZAJE Y EVALUACIÓN EN LA EDUCACIÓN
Authors: Albor Licona Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2021

Resumen: El presente artículo de reflexión se desprende de los procesos de investigación realizados en torno al concepto de formabilidad el cual, históricamente, desde que fue acotado por Herbart, ha sido distorsionado y mal entendido en el contexto colombiano, debido a una errada traducción que lo confundió con educabilidad, desconociendo con ello el verdadero sentido e implicación que contiene, pues él apunta más a una disposición natural con la que cuenta el ser humano y, debido a que el ser humano es formable, puede ser educable. Este concepto, aplicado en su verdadero sentido al contexto educativo, posibilitaría una perspectiva distinta del compromiso de la propia formación, tanto de maestros como estudiantes, repercutiendo en procesos de enseñanza, aprendizaje y evaluación, dentro y fuera del aula de clase, que conducirán a otras formas de abordar la educación en la escuela y a un cambio de mentalidad en la sociedad.
A ANALISA NILAI TUKAR PETANI DI PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Rezi Abdurrahman  , Hakim Lukman
Published: December 2021

This study was conducted to determine the factors that influence the farmer's exchange rate (the ratio of the price index received by farmers to the price index paid by farmers) in the food crops sub-sector in Riau Province. The data collected in this study is data published by the Central Statistics Agency of Riau Province. The data obtained were then analyzed using SPSS 22. The test results show that the level of expenditure has a negative and significant effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (-2.475) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.048 < 0.05. Harvested area has a significant positive effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (4.441) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.004 <0.05. Meanwhile, the food import variable has no significant effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (2.273) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.063 > 0.05, with a value of Fcount (12.476) > Ftable , (4,35).

 

Keywords: Farmer's Exchange Rate, Food Crops Subsector.
Radar observations of winds, waves and tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere over South Georgia island (54°S, 36°W) and comparison to WACCM simulations
Authors: Hindley Neil P. , Cobbett Neil , Fritts David C. , Janchez Diego , Mitchell Nicholas J. , Moffat-Griffin Tracy , Smith Anne K. , Wright Corwin J.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) is a dynamic layer of the earth’s atmosphere. This region marks the interface at which neutral atmosphere dynamics begin to influence the ionosphere and space weather. However, our understanding of this region and our ability to accurately simulate it in global circulation models (GCMs) is limited by a lack of observations, especially in remote locations. To this end, a meteor radar was deployed on the remote mountainous island of South Georgia (54° S, 36° W) in the Southern Ocean from 2016 to 2020. The goal of this study is to use these new measurements to characterise the fundamental dynamics of the MLT above South Georgia including large-scale winds, solar tides, planetary waves (PWs) and mesoscale gravity waves (GWs). We first present an improved method for time-height localisation of radar wind measurements and characterise the large-scale MLT winds. We then explore the amplitudes and phases of the diurnal (24 h), semidiurnal (12 h) and terdiurnal (8 h) solar tides at this latitude. We also explore PW activity and find very large amplitudes up to 30 ms−1 for the quasi-2 day wave in summer and show that the dominant modes of the quasi-5, 10 and 16 day waves are westward W1 and W2. We investigate wind variance due to GWs in the MLT and use a new method to show an east-west tendency of GW variance of up to 20 % during summer and a weaker north-south tendency of 0–5 % during winter. This is contrary to the expected tendency of GW directions in the winter stratosphere below, which is a strong suggestion of secondary GW (2GW) observations in the MLT. Lastly, comparison of radar winds to a climatological Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) simulation reveals a simulated summertime mesopause and zonal wind shear that occur at altitudes around 10 km lower than observed, and southward winds during winter above 90 km altitude in the model that are not seen in observations. Further, wintertime zonal winds above 85 km altitude are eastward in radar observations but in WACCM they are found to weaken and reverse to westward. Recent studies have linked this discrepancy to the impact of 2GWs on the residual circulation which are not included in WACCM. These measurements therefore provide vital constraints that can guide the development of GCMs as they extend upwards into this important region of the atmosphere.
The contribution of Saharan dust to the ice-nucleating particle concentrations at the High Altitude Station Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.), Switzerland
Authors: Brunner Cyril , Brem Benjamin T. , Collaud Coen Martine , Conen Franz , Hervo Maxime , Henne Stephan , Steinbacher Martin , Gysel-Beer Martin , Kanji Zamin A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The ice phase in mixed-phase clouds has a pivotal role in global precipitation formation as well as for Earth's radiative budget. Above 235 K, sparse particles with the special ability to initiate ice formation, ice-nucleating particles (INPs), are responsible for primary ice formation within these clouds. Mineral dust has been found to be one of the most abundant INPs in the atmosphere at temperatures colder than 258 K. However, the extent of the abundance and distribution of INPs remains largely unknown. To better constrain and quantify the impact of mineral dust on ice nucleation, we investigate the frequency of Saharan dust events (SDEs) and their contribution to the INP number concentration at 243 K and at a saturation ratio with respect to liquid water (Sw) of 1.04 at the High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch (JFJ; 3580 m a.s.l.) from February to December 2020. Using the single-scattering albedo Ångström exponent retrieved from a nephelometer and an Aethalometer, satellite-retrieved dust mass concentrations, simulated tropospheric residence times, and the attenuated backscatter signal from a ceilometer as proxies, we detected 26 SDEs, which in total contributed to 17 % of the time span analyzed. We found every SDE to show an increase in median INP concentrations compared to those of all non-SDE periods; however, they were not always statistically significant. Median INP concentrations of individual SDEs spread between 1.7 and 161 INP std L−1 and thus 2 orders of magnitude. In the entire period analyzed, 74.7 ± 0.2 % of all INPs were measured during SDEs. Based on satellite-retrieved dust mass concentrations, we argue that mineral dust is also present at JFJ outside of SDEs but at much lower concentrations, thus still contributing to the INP population. We estimate that 97 % of all INPs active in the immersion mode at 243 K and Sw=1.04 at JFJ are dust particles. Overall, we found INP number concentrations to follow a leptokurtic lognormal frequency distribution. We found the INP number concentrations during SDEs to correlate with the ceilometer backscatter signals from a ceilometer located 4.5 km north of JFJ and 1510 m lower in altitude, thus scanning the air masses at the same altitude as JFJ. Using the European ceilometer network allows us to study the atmospheric pathway of mineral dust plumes over a large domain, which we demonstrate in two case studies. These studies showed that mineral dust plumes form ice crystals at cirrus altitudes, which then sediment to lower altitudes. Upon sublimation in dryer air layers, the residual particles are left potentially pre-activated. Future improvements to the sampling lines of INP counters are required to study whether these particles are indeed pre-activated, leading to larger INP number concentrations than reported here.
Method to quantify black carbon aerosol light absorption enhancement with a mixing state index
Authors: Zhao Gang , Tan Tianyi , Zhu Yishu , Hu Min , Zhao Chunsheng
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Large uncertainties remain when estimating the warming effects of ambient
black carbon (BC) aerosols on climate. One of the key challenges in modeling
the radiative effects is predicting the BC light absorption enhancement,
which is mainly determined by the mass ratio (MR) of non-BC coating material to
BC in the population of BC-containing aerosols. For the same MR, recent
research has found that the radiative absorption enhancements by BC are also
controlled by its particle-to-particle heterogeneity. In this study, the BC
mixing state index (χ) is developed to quantify the
dispersion of ambient black carbon aerosol mixing states based on binary
systems of BC and other non-black carbon components. We demonstrate that the
BC light absorption enhancement increases with χ for the same
MR, which indicates that χ can be employed as a factor to
constrain the light absorption enhancement of ambient BC. Our framework can
be further used in the model to study the radiative effects of black carbon on
climate change.
Simulating sediment discharge at water treatment plants under different land use scenarios using cascade modelling with an expert-based erosion-runoff model and a deep neural network
Authors: Patault Edouard , Landemaine Valentin , Ledun Jérôme , Soulignac Arnaud , Fournier Matthieu , Ouvry Jean-François , Cerdan Olivier , Laignel Benoit
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Excessive sediment discharge in karstic regions can be highly disruptive to water treatment plants. It is essential for catchment stakeholders and drinking water suppliers to limit the impact of high sediment loads on potable water supply, but their strategic choices must be based on simulations integrating surface and groundwater transfers and taking into account possible changes in land use. Karstic environments are particularly challenging as they face a lack of accurate physical descriptions for the modelling process, and they can be particularly complex to predict due to the non-linearity of the processes generating sediment discharge. The aim of the study was to assess the sediment discharge variability at a water treatment plant according to multiple realistic land use scenarios. To reach that goal, we developed a new cascade modelling approach with an erosion-runoff geographic information system (GIS) model (WaterSed) and a deep neural network. The model was used in the Radicatel hydrogeological catchment (106 km2 in Normandy, France), where karstic spring water is extracted to a water treatment plant. The sediment discharge was simulated for five design storms under current land use and compared to four land use scenarios (baseline, ploughing up of grassland, eco-engineering, best farming practices, and coupling of eco-engineering/best farming practices). Daily rainfall time series and WaterSed modelling outputs extracted at connected sinkholes (positive dye tracing) were used as input data for the deep neural network model. The model structure was found by a classical trial-and-error procedure, and the model was trained on 2 significant hydrologic years. Evaluation on a test set showed a good performance of the model (NSE = 0.82), and the application of a monthly backward-chaining nested cross-validation revealed that the model is able to generalize on new datasets. Simulations made for the four land use scenarios suggested that ploughing up 33 % of grasslands would increase sediment discharge at the water treatment plant by 5 % on average. By contrast, eco-engineering and best farming practices will significantly reduce sediment discharge at the water treatment plant (respectively in the ranges of 10 %–44 % and 24 %–61 %). The coupling of these two strategies is the most efficient since it affects the hydro-sedimentary production and transfer processes (decreasing sediment discharge from 40 % to 80 %). The cascade modelling approach developed in this study offers interesting opportunities for sediment discharge prediction at karstic springs or water treatment plants under multiple land use scenarios. It also provides robust decision-making tools for land use planning and drinking water suppliers.
Comparison of manual snow water equivalent measurements: questioning the reference for the true SWE value
Authors: Beaudoin-Galaise Maxime , Jutras Sylvain
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Manual measurement of snow water equivalent (SWE) is still important today for several applications such as hydrological model validation. This measurement can be performed with different types of snow tube sampler or by a snow pit. Although these methods have been performed for several decades, there is an apparent lack of information required to have a consensus regarding the best reference for “true” SWE. We define and estimate the uncertainty and measurement error of different methods of snow pits and snow samplers. Analysis was based upon measurements taken over five consecutive winters (2016–2020) from the same flat and open area. This study compares two snow pit methods and three snow samplers. In addition to including the Standard Federal sampler (SFS), this study documents the first use of two new large diameter samplers, the Hydro-Québec sampler (HQS) and Université Laval sampler (ULS). Large diameter samplers had lowest uncertainty (2.6 to 4.0 %). Snow pit methods had higher uncertainty due to instruments (7.1 to 11.4 %), close to that of the SFS (mean = 10.4 %). Given its larger collected snow volume for estimating SWE and its lower uncertainty, we posit that ULS represents the most appropriate method of reference for “true” SWE. By considering ULS as the reference in calculating mean bias error (MBE), different snow pit methods overestimated SWE by 16.6 to 26.2 %, which was much higher than SFS (8.4 %). This study suggests that large diameter samplers are the best method for estimating “true” SWE.
Hospital-to-Shelter/Housing Interventions for Persons Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Canham Sarah , Humphries Joe , Seetharaman Kishore , Custodio Karen , Mauboules Celine , Good Chloe , Lupick Dustin , Bosma Harvey
Published: December 2021

Persons with lived and living experiences of homelessness (PWLEs) commonly use hospitals and emergency departments to access healthcare yet support for transitions from hospital to shelter/housing can be challenging to access. To improve the continuity of care and health outcomes for PWLEs who are being discharged from hospital, a more complete understanding of two hospital-to-shelter/housing programs in Metro Vancouver, Canada was sought. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we conducted in-depth interviews in-person or by phone. Participants included eight healthcare and shelter/housing decision-makers and providers and a convenience sample of ten program participants (two females and eight males who ranged in age from 31 to 74 years old; average = 50 years old). Data were analyzed in NVivo 12 to identify successes including: 1) achieving health stability and recovery following hospital discharge; 2) having privacy and freedom while in the program; 3) building relationships with providers; 4) having formal support to find housing; and 5) cross-sector relationships between providers. Challenges included: 1) limited availability of affordable and appropriate housing; 2) other guests’ ways of life; 3) complex needs versus limited after-care resources; and 4) inequities in program access. While hospital-to-shelter/housing programs can serve as intervention opportunities to connect PWLEs to permanent housing, discharge plans need to acknowledge the local limitations on housing availability and offer short-term options for patients who require sub-acute rest and convalescence.
Evidence of interpersonal violence at two sites of the Bijelo Brdo culture in eastern Croatia
Authors: Bedić Željka
Published: December 2021

Human skeletal remains from Bijelo Brdo-Venice Street and Vukovar-Lijeva Bara have previously been anthropologically analysed and published, but in this paper cranial traumas are studied for the first time. The sample consists of 84 adult skulls curated in the Natural History Museum and the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb. Results showed a high frequency of cranial trauma (19.0 %) recorded in 16 out of 84 well-preserved skulls. Although males exhibit twice as many traumas as females (24.4 % vs. 12.8 %) the difference is not statistically significant. Trauma is present most frequently on the left side of the skull, and there is perimortem trauma in both sites, as well as in both sexes; this indicates the existence of interpersonal violence in these populations.
Paternoster brojanica iz Rudine
Authors: Sekulić Petar , Azinović Bebek Ana , Golubić Mihael
Published: December 2021

Tijekom revizijskih arheoloških istraživanja benediktinske opatije sv. Mihovila Arkanđela u Rudini 2019. godine pronađena je, u Hrvatskoj, najstarija poznata sačuvana brojanica koju je moguće datirati na prijelaz 14. u 15. stoljeće. Ostaci su brojanice pronađeni zajedno s olovnom bulom pape Bonifacija IX. uz posmrtne ostatke starije ženske osobe, pokopane u opekom zidanoj grobnici u južnoj prigradnji opatijske crkve. Uz određeni oprez, na temelju rezultata antropološke analize, pisanih vrela i pronađenih pokretnih nalaza može se pretpostaviti kako je riječ o posmrtnim ostacima pripadnice plemićkog roda Podvrški – Margareti, kojoj je papa Bonifacije IX. 1397. godine izdao nama danas nepoznatu ispravu.
Young people's use and experience of the Internet during the COVID-19 lockdown:
Authors: Brandtzaeg Petter Bae , Lüders Marika
Published: December 2021

No studies we are aware of have explored youth’s experiences of the association between their Internet use and well-being during the COVID-19 lockdown. To fill this void, we used survey data of a representative sample (N = 734) of young Norwegians (16–26 years) collected a few weeks into the lockdown in May 2020. Findings show a substantial increase in use of several Internet activities—in particular, video calls and streaming services. Snapchat and Messenger were the most important services to keep in touch with friends. Online social support significantly predicts higher well-being, while heavy Internet use during a regular lockdown day significantly predicts low well-being, particularly among the older females. Analysis of free text responses shows that excessive Internet use during lockdown has led to poor well-being among many, both mentally (38 percent) and physically (17 percent). Many describe purposeless online scrolling or interactions as problematic. We conclude that future research on online well-being should focus more on perceived level of meaningful online activity.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CHẨN ĐOÁN HÌNH ẢNH BỆNH NHÂN U TẾ BÀO KHỔNG LỒ XƯƠNG
Authors: Giang Vũ Văn , Thùy Nguyễn Xuân
Published: December 2021

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng và chẩn đoán hình ảnh của bệnh nhân u tế bào khổng lồ xương được phẫu thuật lấy u ghép xương. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu trên 38 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán xác định u tế bào khổng lồ xương được phẫu thuật lấy u và ghép xương tại Bệnh viện Hữu Nghị Việt Đức từ tháng 1/2015 đến tháng 12/2020. Kết quả: Ba vị trí xuất hiện khối u tế bào khổng lồ xương nhiều nhất là đầu dưới xương đùi, đầu dưới xương quay và đầu trên xương chày. 97,4% trường hợp tổn thương xuất hiện trên các xương dài. 65,8% trường hợp tổn thương xuất hiện ở nửa bên phải của cơ thể. 100% trường hợp cho biết có đau tại vị trí u. Tổn thương trên Xquang được phân độ theo Campanacci lần lượt là 3 (7,9%) độ I, 16 (42,1%) độ II và 19 (50,0%) độ III. Kết luận: Ba vị trí xuất hiện khối u tế bào khổng lồ xương nhiều nhất là đầu dưới xương đùi, đầu dưới xương quay và đầu trên xương chày. Tất cả các trường hợp đều có đau tại vị trí u. Tổn thương trên Xquang được phân độ I, II, III theo Campanacci lần lượt là 7,9%, 42,1% và 50,0%.
KIẾN THỨC, THỰC HÀNH VỀ PHÒNG CHỐNG NHIỄM KHUẨN ĐƯỜNG SINH SẢN Ở PHỤ NỮ 18-49 TUỔI ĐẾN KHÁM TẠI PHÒNG KHÁM ĐA KHOA, TRUNG TÂM KIỂM SOÁT BỆNH TẬT ĐỒNG THÁP, NĂM 2021
Authors: Phi Nguyễn Thị , Hà Bùi Thị Thu
Published: December 2021

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ kiến thức, thực hành đúng về phòng chống nhiễm khuẩn đường sinh sản ở phụ nữ 18-49 tuổi đến khám tại phòng khám đa khoa, Trung tâm Kiểm soát bệnh tật tỉnh Đồng Tháp.

Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, với 421 đối tượng tham gia nghiên cứu là phụ nữ 18-49 tuổi đến khám tại phòng khám đa khoa thuộc Trung tâm Kiểm soát bệnh tật tỉnh Đồng Tháp. Thời gian nghiên cứu từ tháng 8/2020 – 6/2021.

Kết quả nghiên cứu: Tổng số có 421 đối tượng tham gia nghiên cứu, kết quả về các đặc điểm thông tin chung cho thấy: Trình độ học vấn chủ yếu các đối tượng nghiên cứu có trình độ THPT chiếm cao nhất 48,7%. Đa phần phụ nữ đang sống chung với chồng 98,5%. Nghề nghiệp là nội trợ chiếm 45,4%, CBVC chiếm tỷ lệ 16,2%, gia đình có mức sống trung bình khá trở lên 92,8%. Tỷ lệ kiến thức đạt là 46,1%, thực hành tốt 70,1%. Tỷ bị nhiễm khuẩn đường sinh sản 49,4%. Nghiên cứu chỉ ra mối liên quan giữa kiến thức với thực hành có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,05. Mối liên quan giữa kiến thức, thực hành với tỷ lệ mắc bệnh NKĐSS ở phụ nữ không có ý nghĩa thống kê (p > 0,05).

Kết luận: Tỷ bị nhiễm khuẩn đường sinh sản 49,4%, kiến thức đạt là 46,1%, thực hành tốt 70,1%. Có mối liên quan giữa kiến thức với thực hành.
KIẾN THỨC, THÁI ĐỘ, THỰC HÀNH CỦA NGƯỜI DÂN VỀ BỆNH ẤU TRÙNG GIUN ĐŨA CHÓ, MÈO Ở NGƯỜI TẠI NGHỆ AN NĂM 2021
Authors: Phúc Đào Thị , Thăng Chu Văn , Hoàn Đậu Huy , Định Nguyễn Văn , Trâm Quế Anh
Published: December 2021

Mục tiêu: Mô tả kiến thức, thái độ, thực hành của người dân về bệnh ấu trùng giun đũa chó, mèo ở người tại Nghệ An năm 2021.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện trên 400 người dân từ 18 tuổi trở lên.

Kết quả: Điểm kiến thức trung bình chỉ đạt 23,6% so với dự kiến; trên 80% người được hỏi có kiến thức kém (81,8%). Tỷ lệ người dân không nuôi chó, mèo và nuôi chó, mèo tốt chỉ chiếm 37,8%; tỷ lệ người dân có thói quen sinh hoạt không tốt chiếm 88,0%. Thái độ của người dân về bệnh ấu trùng giun đũa chó, mèo ở người khá tốt (62,7%). Điểm trung bình của điểm thái độ đạt 71,4% điểm mong đợi.

Kết luận: Kiến thức, thực hành của người dân về bệnh ATGDCM ở người chưa tốt. Thái độ của người dân về bệnh ATGDCM ở người khá tốt. Do đó, cần có những phân tích sâu hơn để tìm ra các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến kiến ​​thức và thực hành của người dân trong việc phòng chống bệnh ấu trùng giun đũa chó, mèo ở người.
Insurance pricing discrimination and Aristotelian equality: an application to annuity pricing
Authors: Cather David A.
Published: December 2021

International courts often apply the social justice standard of Aristotelian equality—treating like people alike and unlike people differently—to cases involving insurance pricing discrimination. This article examines whether the use of insurance pricing variables like gender and race results in discriminatory pricing categories consisting of heterogeneous policyowners, in violation of Aristotelian equality. This article applies this discrimination standard to the pricing of annuities, drawing from studies investigating the racial mortality crossover, findings that show that the mortality rate of Black Americans falls below the rate of White Americans at advanced ages. Based on the crossover literature, this study demonstrates how race-based annuity pricing would be discriminatory because it results in heterogeneous pricing within racial pricing categories, but that insurers can control for this heterogeneity by using the wider variety of annuity pricing data (e.g., medical history, diseases, and smoking) developed in the enhanced annuity submarket. The article demonstrates how the increased use of data analytics in insurance pricing to control for heterogeneity is consistent with Aristotelian equality.
A new Model of Social Development and Conservation Economics is the main vector of Russia’s agrarian policy
Authors: Колончин Кирилл Викторович , Серегин Сергей Николаевич , Сысоев Георгий Владимирович
Published: December 2021

Социальные вызовы и экономика - для всех это те проблемы, которые должны решаться государством совместно с предпринимательским сообществом в приоритетном порядке, чтобы обеспечить устойчивый экономический рост в отраслях агропромышленного и рыбохозяйственного комплексов. Анализ процессов социально-экономического развития страны необходимо рассматривать с учетом накопленных экономических дисбалансов, технологических изменений, инноваций и собственно внешнего шока неэкономической природы - пандемии коронавируса, который спровоцировал запуск разносторонних кризисных явлений, затрагивающий все стороны жизни общества. Чтобы изменить устоявшуюся тенденцию либеральной модели развития экономки, необходимо, чтобы роль государства при переходе к новой модели развития была усилена, что обусловлено необходимостью сохранения продовольственной безопасности и целостности территории Российской Федерации. Для стимулирования инновационной и инвестиционной деятельности, повышения технико-технологического уровня производства необходимо в рамках принятых программных документов выделять основные приоритеты и необходимые для этих направлений ресурсы, осуществляя постоянный мониторинг принимаемых решений. Выстраивание новой системы государственного управления для реализации программных документов в сфере развития АПК и рыбохозяйственного комплекса станет гарантией достижения поставленных государством целей в установленные сроки.

Social challenges and the economy - for all these are the problems that must be addressed by the state together with the business community as a priority in order to ensure sustainable economic growth in the agricultural and fishery sectors. The analysis of the processes of the country's socio-economic development should be considered taking into account the accumulated economic imbalances, technological changes, innovations and the actual external shock of a non-economic nature - the coronavirus pandemic, which triggered the launch of various crisis phenomena affecting all aspects of society. In order to change the established trend of the liberal model of economic development, it is necessary that the role of the state in the transition to a new development model be strengthened, which is due to the need to preserve food security and the integrity of the territory of the Russian Federation. To stimulate innovation and investment activities, to increase the technical and technological level of production, it is necessary, within the framework of the adopted program documents, to allocate the main priorities and the resources necessary for these areas, carrying out constant monitoring of the decisions made. Building a new system of public administration for the implementation of program documents in the development of the agro-industrial complex and the fishery complex will guarantee the achievement of the goals set by the state in a timely manner.
Potential for Generation of Electrical Energy from Biogas Produced in the Anaerobic Treatment of Sewage Through Different Methodologies
Authors: Campello Laura Dardot , Barros Regina Mambeli , Filho Geraldo Lúcio Tiago , Santos Ivan Felipe Silva dos
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the potential for electricity generating of biogas from anaerobic digestion of sewage and sewage sludge in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Four different methodologies for determining the volume of biogas produced
were considered. Estimates of biogas production used actual data of the volume of treated sewage and population reached by this WWTP with sewage as presented in a report by the local authority. The results indicate some discrepancies between the methodologies employed, but in general, they
all suggest a potential of electric power generation at the same order of magnitude. The most divergent results were those in which the methodologies were applied to municipalities with a population of over 250,000 inhabitants.
Spending profile on hospitalizations for Alzheimer’s disease in the state of São Paulo: quantitative analysis of the last 10 years.
Authors: Dourado Eusvaldo Barbosa , Sena Victor Levy de Jesus Carvalho , Carneiro Wanderlany de Miranda Andrade
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by slow and progressive loss of cognition, which affects mostly elderly people, its prevalence and disabling outcome promote a strong financial impact. Objectives: To present the profile of expenses with hospitalizations by the AD in São Paulo (SP), between 2011 and 2020, through the morbidity list of the CID10-G30, correlating with the character of care, average length of stay, values of professional and hospital services and average value for hospitalizations. Design and setting: This is an ecological, descriptive, retrospective and quantitative study. Methods: Data were collected in the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH-SUS). Results: In SP, between 2011 and 2020, there were 4126 admissions for AD, with a predominance of emergency care (74.5%). Spending for hospitalizations was approximately R $ 7.5 million, hospital services accounted for approximately 91.3% of total costs, while professional services accounted for 8.7%. Elective services had an average stay of 61.7 days and corresponded to 63.1% of total expenses, urgent services had an average stay of 12 days and 36.9% of total expenses. The average value per hospitalization was R $ 1,824.92. Conclusions: More than R $ 7.5 million has been spent on AD in the last decade in SP. Elective care had an average stay five times longer and with the costs for hospital services accounted for most of these expenses.