bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distortions in Classical Mechanics as a Consequence of Euclidean Geometry Utilization
Authors: Miškovic Vladimir
Published: September 2024

We live on a huge sphere. When the sum of interior angles in a triangle is greater than [Formula: see text] and each point has a different local vertical, we must use spherical geometry. Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometries are non-equivalent systems, with their own premises and completely different foundations. The use of any logic and tool from orthogonal into non-orthogonal realities (and vice versa), leads to big errors. Newtonian concepts are treated as absolutes in classical mechanics. Content analysis shows that even recent physics publications have inadmissible distortions in the description of natural phenomena in the domain of classical mechanics, inherited through the utilization of the Euclidean model. The whole objective reality has been presented using the tools of Euclidean geometry. When we use the tools of spherical geometry to examine the same phenomena, we get very different findings. The Law of conservation of energy appears as the most efficient tool for the evaluation of these significantly different findings. It confirms the validity of the new discoveries presented in this paper and gives legitimacy to the whole project! Classical mechanics becomes more consistent with the conservation laws of Physics, and the subject’s coherence is lifted to a significantly higher level.
Human foot force suggests different balance control between younger and older adults
Authors: Shiozawa Kaymie , Sugimoto-Dimitrova Rika , Gruben Kreg G. , Hogan Neville
Published: September 2024

Age groups were distinguished by analyzing foot-ground force data during quiet standing in older and younger adults to calculate the foot-force vector intersection point that emerges across frequency bands. Modeling balance and comparing the simulations’ outcomes to experimental results suggested that older adults increased reliance on neural feedback, possibly compensating for muscle strength deficiency. This novel analysis also quantified the apparent balance controller for each participant, highlighting its potential as a balance assessment tool.
Geographical Discrimination of Hulless Barley Based on Quality Traits, Volatiles, and Metabolomic Profiling Combined with Chemometrics
Authors: Liang Lijing , Jia Junjie , Li Ling , Zhang Liqiang , Ma Long , Wang Songtao , Feng Zongyun
Published: September 2024

The geographical traceability of food products is crucial for quality assurance and consumer confidence. The chemical profile and taste quality of hulless barley vary considerably across different production areas, making the determination of its geographical origin and the identification of relevant geographical biomarkers essential. In this study, the quality traits, volatile compounds, and metabolites of 20 hulless barley cultivars from four primary producing areas were investigated. Multivariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in hulless barley from different regions (p < 0.05). The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) models exhibited good performance in terms of origin discrimination, identifying 27 volatiles and 86 metabolites that could be used as candidate markers for separation. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and correlation matrix analysis revealed that numerous candidate markers were closely related to soil chemical and climate parameters. The results demonstrate that quality traits, volatile compounds, and metabolites can be used to effectively distinguish the geographical origins of hulless barley, thereby confirming that there is a robust link between metabolite expression and environmental factors. This work highlights that chemical profiling, combined with chemometric techniques (the application of statistical and mathematical methods to chemical data), provides a valuable tool for the geographical discrimination of hulless barley.
Investigating the Relationship of G-137C, C-607A, and A-1447G Polymorphisms in the Promoter of IL-18 and CXCL10 Inflammatory Genes with Prostate Cancer in an Iranian Population
Authors: Ahmadi Nahid , Ahmadi Seyyed Amir Yasin , Kheirollahi Abdolreza , Shahsavar Farhad
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Genetic and environmental factors are involved in prostate cancer. The current study was conducted to study the relationship between G-137C, C-607A, and A-1447G polymorphisms in the promoter of IL-18 and CXCL10 inflammatory genes with prostate cancer. Methods. As a genetic association study with a case‐control design, the genomes of people living in Khorasan, Iran, were compared in two groups of cases and controls. The genotype of the A-1447G polymorphism present in the CXCL10 gene promoter was investigated by the PCR‐RFLP method. PCR‐SSP was used to study the genotype of G-137C and C-607A polymorphisms present in the IL-18 gene promoter. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported. Results. One mutant allele in CXCL10 A-1447G polymorphism (AG) increased the chance of cancer (OR = 4.902, 95% CI = 2.70–8.87) and two mutant alleles (GG) increased more (OR = 7.174, 95% CI = 2.48–20.68). One mutant allele in IL-18 G-137C polymorphism (CG) increased the chance of cancer (OR = 5.583, 95% CI = 3.04–10.22) and two mutant alleles (CC) increased more (OR = 9.571, 95% CI = 3.10–29.46). One mutant allele in IL-18 C607A polymorphism (CA) increased the chance of cancer (OR = 5.359, 95% CI = 2.95–9.70) and two mutant alleles (AA) increased more (OR = 7.083, 95% CI = 2.61–19.15) (P < 0.001). Conclusion. According to the results, the mutant alleles in polymorphisms CXCL10 A-1447G, IL-18 G-137C, and IL-18 C-607A alleles were associated with an increased chance of prostate cancer in this population.
A Novel Model for Forecasting Production Performance in Waterflood Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Gao Yajun , Liu Yang , Xie Xiaoqing , Tang Lihui , Diao Yuqian , Ma Yuhua
Published: September 2024

The importance of production performance forecasting in reservoir development and economic evaluation cannot be overstated. Previous models have shown deficiencies in accurately predicting production performance, necessitating the development of a new semianalytical model to enhance its application scope and prediction accuracy. This study proposes a novel semianalytical model based on the Buckley–Leverett (BL) equation and a newly proposed linear relationship between outlet water saturation and average water saturation, as well as Willhite’s formula of oil/water relative permeability. The results demonstrate the universality of this new model, as it can generate three equivalent log‐linear relations, including the previously proposed model. Sensitivity analysis confirms the applicability of the model in various reservoirs. In addition, both model and field case studies highlight the advantages of this technique in forecasting water cut and cumulative oil production, with an extensive application scope covering over 90% of the water cut range. A comparison of oil production prediction results from six different predictive methods reveals that the proposed semianalytical model exhibits the lowest error rate of −0.01%. Moreover, the semianalytical model can be utilized to directly solve for the approximate values of the exponents in Willhite’s oil/water relative permeability equations. In summary, this novel semianalytical forecasting model demonstrates a robust ability to forecast water cut, cumulative oil production, and recovery efficiency.
Advancements in Fluorescence Sensing: Carbon Quantum Dots for Acrylamide Detection in Food
Authors: Sharma Nikhil , Thakur Sweezee , Bains Aarti , Sridhar Kandi , Dhull Sanju Bala , Janghu Sandeep , Sharma Minaxi , Patil Sandip , Chawla Prince
Published: September 2024

Acrylamide is a hazardous chemical mainly synthesized during the thermal processing of foods representing a significant concern within the broader issue of food contaminants and their impact on public health. Acrylamide can be absorbed by the human body through dietary intake, respiration, dermal contact, and mucosa. The metabolic conversion of acrylamide into mercapturic acid metabolites and glycidamide results in several adverse and toxic effects. Therefore, this review explores the formation, toxicity, and metabolism of acrylamide. Hence, it is crucial to detect and ensure product quality via risk evaluation. Traditional analytical techniques for acrylamide detection often require expensive instrumentation and complex sample preparation, prompting the exploration of alternative, cost‐effective, sustainable methods. Here, we propose the utilization of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) synthesized through green approaches as a novel solution. CQDs display their immense potential for diverse applications due to their valuable properties such as biocompatibility, photocatalysis, and strong fluorescence. This review highlights the distinct potential of CQDs as a fluorescence probe for detecting acrylamide, showcasing their efficacy in addressing food safety concerns. In addition, various extraction and purification techniques for acrylamide such as QuEChERS, solid phase extraction, Carrez clarification, and dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction are comprehensively reviewed. QuEChERS is regarded as a most promising technique for the extraction of acrylamide owing to its cost‐effective, rapid, and higher recovery rates.
Internal Consistency and Validity of a Short Spanish Version (10‐Items) of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children and Adolescents (CES‐DC)
Authors: Visier-Alfonso María Eugenia , Jiménez-López Estela , Rodríguez-Gutiérrez Eva , Mesas Arthur Eumann , Núñez de Arenas-Arroyo Sergio , Díaz-Goñi Valentina , Álvarez-Bueno Celia , Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The 20‐item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children and Adolescents (CES‐DC) is an instrument for screening of depression with good psychometric properties. This study aimed to examine the construct validity in terms of structural and convergent validity, the internal consistency, and the concurrent validity of a shorter 10‐item version of this scale.

Methods: This was a cross‐sectional validation study including 671 schoolchildren aged 9–11, from Cuenca, Spain. Depression was assessed using the 20‐item CES‐DC scale. We selected the 10 items with the highest factorial loading for a shorter version. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, fitness, and quality of life variables were considered to analyse convergent and discriminant validity.

Results: For the structural validity, confirmatory factor analyses revealed a three‐factor latent structure for the 20‐item CES‐DC and a single factor in the 10‐item version. Internal consistency measured by Cronbach’s α and ω statistic were 0.85 for 20‐item CES‐DC and 0.84 for 10‐item CES‐DC. Intraclass correlation coefficient between the two scales was 0.94. Convergent validity was tested through the correlation coefficients and regression models between both either CES‐DC versions with body mass index, waist circumference, fitness, and quality of life measures, which were similar. For the concurrent validity, concordance analysis and the ROC curve showed an equivalent cut‐off point for the 10‐item CES‐DC. The 20‐item CES‐DC classified a total of 33.1% of the sample as at risk of depression, while the 10‐item CES‐DC classified 30.4%.

Conclusion: This study indicates that both the 20‐item and 10‐item versions of the CES‐DC have good internal consistency and structural validity in schoolchildren. Therefore, this short version can be used as a reliable and valid instrument for screening depression that is less time consuming and easy to use in clinical and scholarly contexts, potentially improving early detection and intervention for depression.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03236337.
A Boy With KIF11‐Associated Disorder Along With ADHD and ASD: Collaboration Between Paediatrics and Child Psychiatry
Authors: Marcelis Annelien , Van Reet Evelyne
Published: September 2024

Kinesin family member 11 (KIF11)‐associated disorder, a rare condition caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the KIF11 gene, presents with microcephaly, chorioretinal dysplasia, lymphoedema, and varying degrees of intellectual disability. While intellectual disability is often described in the literature on KIF11 mutations, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are only mentioned by a few authors but not thoroughly investigated. We present a case report of an 8‐year‐old boy with KIF11‐associated disorder alongside ADHD and ASD but without intellectual disability. Genetic testing confirmed a KIF11 mutation. Cognitive, language, and motor assessments revealed delays in fine motor skills and attention deficits. The diagnosis of ADHD was confirmed by a child neurologist through multidisciplinary investigations, while the ASD diagnosis was established by a child psychiatrist. Despite the challenges of delayed psychiatric assessment, interventions including physiotherapy and medication management were initiated with positive results. We designed a parent support group survey that showed a higher prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders in children with KIF11 mutations compared to the general population. Therefore, low‐threshold referrals to a child psychiatrist have to be made when the potential presence of developmental problems is suspected. Collaboration between ophthalmologists, paediatricians, and child psychiatrists is crucial for early detection and intervention. Addressing developmental disorders promptly improves long‐term outcomes and enhances quality of life. Moreover, gaining a deeper understanding of the higher prevalence of ASD and ADHD in individuals with KIF11 mutations could offer valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders.
Delayed Gut Colonization Changes Future Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Gene Expression but Not Adiposity in Obese Mice
Authors: Ebert Maria B. B. , Mentzel Caroline M. J. , Brunse Anders , Krych Lukasz , Hansen Camilla H. F.
Published: September 2024

Objective. The importance of early microbial dysbiosis in later development of obesity and metabolic disorders has been a subject of debate. Here we tested cause and effect in mice. Methods. Germ‐free male Swiss Webster mice were colonized in a specific‐pathogen‐free (SPF) facility at 1 week (1W) and 3 weeks (3W) of age. They were challenged with a high‐fat diet and their responses were compared with SPF mice. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Moreover, RNA sequencing of the liver was performed on additional 3W and SPF mice on a regular chow diet. Results. There were no significant differences in weight, food consumption, epididymal fat weight, HbA1c levels, and serum insulin and leptin, whereas the early germ‐free period resulted in mice with impaired glucose tolerance. Both the 1W and 3W group peaked 56% (p < 0.05) and 66% (p < 0.01) higher in blood glucose than the SPF control group, respectively. This was accompanied by a 45% reduction in the level of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 in the 1W mice (p < 0.05). There were no differences in the gut microbiota between the groups, indicating that all mice colonized fully after the germ‐free period. Marked effects on hepatic gene expression (728 differentially expressed genes with adjusted p < 0.05 and a fold change ± 1.5) suggested a potential predisposition to a higher risk of developing insulin resistance in the 3W group. Conclusions. Lack of microbes early in life had no impact on adiposity but led to insulin resistance and altered liver gene expression related to glucose metabolism in mice. The study strongly supports the notion that microbial signaling to the liver in the beginning of life can alter the host’s risk of developing metabolic disorder later in life.
Miniaturized Filters with a Controllable Number of Passbands by Embedding Serpentine Microstrip Resonators in SIW
Authors: Yan Xiaohei , Mu Wenjing , Guo Minjie
Published: September 2024

This study proposes a novel simple structure based on evanescent‐mode theory for the design of miniaturized filters with good out‐of‐band rejection and controllable passband number characteristics. The filter structure is realized by embedding serpentine microstrip resonators in the upper metal surface of the substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW). These resonators are composed of upper and lower parts, which form a single‐passband filter when the lengths are equal and a double‐passband filter when the lengths are unequal. This paper proposes a novel method for switching between single‐ and dual‐passband configurations by modifying the length of the serpentine microstrip resonators without altering the overall SIW dimensions. Furthermore, finite transmission zeros are incorporated into the filter to augment the out‐of‐band rejection capability of the filter and the isolation effect between the passbands of the dual‐passband filter. To ascertain the viability of the proposed design, a two‐stage single‐passband filter and a two‐stage dual‐passband filter were fabricated and tested in this study. The experimental results align closely with the simulation outcomes, effectively validating the efficacy of this design.
Estimation of the Radiological Risk due to Radon‐222 Exposure in Dwelling of Al‐Hussainya District, Karbala Governorate
Authors: Nayif Sara Salih , Mohammed Elham Jasim , Jassim Ali Saeed , Abojassim Ali Abid
Published: September 2024

The key natural cause of irradiation in humans is the air. People spend most of their time at home, so home is likely a main source of natural radionuclide exposure in the air, especially radon gas. It is the second cause of lung cancer after smoking. This study aims to evaluate Radon‐222 gas (222Rn) concentrations in the houses (indoor dwellings) of the Al‐Hussainya district of the Karbala Governorate, Iraq. Also, some radiological parameters such as AED (annual effective dose), PAEC (potential alpha energy concentration), EP (exposure to radon progeny), and CPPP (lung cancer cases per year per million people) were calculated. 222Rn concentrations were determined using closed and open dosimeters with CN‐85 detector (thickness of 12 μm). The range and average of 222Rn concentrations were from 21.791 Bq/m3 to 43.376 Bq/m3 and 32.3381 Bq/m3 in open dosimeters, respectively. While in closed dosimeters, the range of 222Rn concentrations and average values were from 19.324 Bq/m3 to 37.286 Bq/m3 and 26.6462 Bq/m3, respectively. The average values of AED, PAEC, EP, and CPPP due to radon by open dosimeters were 0.083 mSv/y, 0.358 mWL, 14.759 mWLMY−1, and 1.503, respectively, while the average values of AED, PAEC, EP, and CPPP due to radon by closed dosimeters were 0.063 mSv/y, 0.270 mWL, 11.134 mWLMY−1, and 1.134, respectively. According to WHO, EPA, and ICRP, the values of radon concentrations were within the range of what was allowed internationally. Also, the results of the radiological parameters due to radon gas for the study of the houses of the Al‐Hussainya district of the Karbala Governorate, Iraq, were low and did not constitute a health hazard.
Comparative Analysis of Engagement and Academic Self‐Concept among Nursing Students: Differences in Study Modalities
Authors: Rushdan Esraa Elsayed , Atta Mohamed Hussein Ramadan , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Zoromba Mohamed , Ali Heba Fakieh Mansy
Published: September 2024

Background. Novel educational strategies are essential to cultivate a cadre of nurses with the requisite skills, critical thinking abilities, and adaptability demanded by contemporary healthcare contexts. The shift towards various learning modalities in nursing education, including online, hybrid, and in‐person formats, raises questions about their impact on student engagement and academic self‐concept. Objectives. This study aimed to assess and compare the levels of student engagement and academic self‐concept among nursing students engaged in different study modalities (online, hybrid, and in‐person). Methods. In this descriptive comparative study, 203 nursing students were evaluated using the university student engagement inventory (USEI) and academic self‐concept questionnaire (ASCQ). Participants were divided into groups based on their involvement in online, hybrid, or in‐person study modes. Differences and correlational analysis within variables were performed to evaluate the comparison between groups. Results. Significant differences were observed in the USEI scores among the study modalities: online (mean = 45.7, SD = 5.6), hybrid (mean = 48.8, SD = 6.1), and in‐person (mean = 50.4, SD = 6.2), with in‐person students displaying the highest levels of engagement (F = 10.663, P < 0.001). Academic self‐concept scores also varied notably (F = 9.422, P < 0.001) between modalities, particularly between online (mean = 54.8, SD = 5.3) and in‐person students (mean = 58.8, SD = 7.7). Correlational analysis within each modality revealed significant relationships among the subdomains of USEI and ASCQ. Conclusion. The study demonstrates that the mode of study substantially influences nursing students’ engagement and academic self‐concept, with in‐person learners showing higher scores in both domains. These results are vital for educators and policymakers in nursing education to optimize learning experiences across different modalities.
4,5‐Diamino‐2‐Thiouracil‐Powered Dual‐Mode Biosensor for Sensitive, Nonenzymatic Determination of Saliva Uric Acid Levels
Authors: Wu Zipeng , Cheng Lingyan , Cai Shuhua , Su Baochang , Chen Yaowei , Cai Chunzong , Guo Weijin , Ma Dong , Cui Xin
Published: September 2024

Nonenzymatic and rapid monitoring of uric acid levels is of great value for early diagnosis, prevention, and management of oxidative stress–associated diseases. However, fast, convenient, and low‐cost uric acid detection remains challenging, especially in resource‐limited settings. In this study, a novel and rapid biosensing approach was developed for the simultaneous visualization and quantification of uric acid levels by using the unique surface plasmon resonance and photothermal property of 4,5‐diamino‐2‐thiouracil (DT)‐capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). With the presence of uric acid, DT‐capped AuNPs rapidly aggregated, and a visible color/photothermal change was used for uric acid quantification within 15 min. The limit of detection was determined to be 11.3 and 6.6 μM for the dual‐mode biosensor, leveraging the unique structure of DT to optimize reaction kinetics. Moreover, the sensor exhibited excellent anti‐interference capabilities and demonstrated potential for detecting a wide range of uric acid concentrations in complex samples, thereby reducing the need for extensive sample dilution and complex material synthesis procedures. Furthermore, validation against gold standard testing indicates that this biosensor could serve as a highly sensitive assay for quantifying uric acid levels in point‐of‐care applications, particularly in resource‐limited settings.
Preclinical Evaluation of AZD6422, an Armored Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Targeting CLDN18.2 in Gastric, Pancreatic, and Esophageal Cancers
Authors: Barrett Allison M. , Britton Zachary T. , Carrasco Rosa A. , Breen Shannon , Broggi Maria A.S. , Hatke Amanda L. , Clark Benjamin , Yang Chunning , Phipps Sandrina , Ortiz Lorenzo , Janocha Brianna , Zanvit Peter , Giraldo Nicolas A. , Martin Philip L. , Lapointe Jean-Martin , Harder Nathalie , Cornish Georgina H. , Attili Bala N.N.R. , Mazor Yariv , Damschroder Melissa , Cobbold Mark , Moody Gordon , Bosco Emily E.
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is a surface membrane protein that is crucial for maintaining tight junctions in gastric mucosal cells and is highly expressed in gastric, esophageal, and pancreatic cancers. Thus, CLDN18.2 is suited for exploration as a clinical target for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy in these indications. Although CAR-T therapies show promise, a challenge faced in their development for solid tumors is the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which is often characterized by the presence of immune and stromal cells secreting high levels of TGFβ. The addition of TGFβ armoring can potentially expand CAR-T activity in solid tumors. We report on the preclinical development of a CLDN18.2-targeting CAR-T therapy showing effectiveness in patient models with CLDN18.2-positive gastric, esophageal, and pancreatic tumors.

Experimental Design:

The lead lentivirus product contains a unique single-chain variable fragment; CD28 and CD3z costimulatory and signaling domains; and dominant-negative TGF-β receptor armoring, enhancing targeting and safety and counteracting suppression. We developed a shortened cell manufacturing process to enhance the potency of the final product AZD6422.

Results:

AZD6422 exhibited significant antitumor activity and tolerability in multiple patient-derived tumor xenograft models with various CLDN18.2 and TGF-β levels, as determined by IHC. The efficacy of armored CAR-T cells in tumor models with elevated TGFβ was increased in vitro and in vivo. In vitro restimulation assays established greater persistence and cytolytic function of AZD6422 compared with a traditionally manufactured CAR-T.

Conclusions:

AZD6422 was safe and efficacious in patient-derived, CLDN18.2-positive murine models of gastrointestinal cancers. Our data support further clinical development of AZD6422 for patients with these cancers.
Figure 1 from Therapeutic Efficacy of IL7/CCL19-Expressing CAR-T Cells in Intractable Solid Tumor Models of Glioblastoma and Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Ohta Keisuke , Sakoda Yukimi , Adachi Keishi , Shinozaki Taro , Nakajima Masao , Yasuda Hiroyuki , Nagano Hiroaki , Tamada Koji
Published: September 2024

EGFRvIII-specific immune responses of Conv. CAR and 7 × 19 CAR-T cells in vitro. A, Surface expression of EGFRvIII was assessed in U87MG glioblastoma cell lines by flow cytometry. Open and filled histograms indicate staining with anti-EGFRvIII Ab and nonstaining, followed by anti–mouse IgG Ab, respectively. B and C, Conv. CAR-T, 7 × 19 CAR-T, or UTD T cells were cocultured with the indicated tumor cells at an effector-to-target (E:T) ratio of 1:1 and 1:5 for 2 days. The number of residual tumor cells (B) and T cells (C) after coculture was analyzed by flow cytometry. Data are shown as mean ± SD of triplicate samples. D, The supernatants of the coculture described in B were harvested, and the concentration of IFNγ was assessed by ELISA. Data are shown as mean ± SD of triplicate samples. **, P < 0.005; ***, P < 0.001; n.s., not significant.
Supplementary Table 6 from Role of Forkhead Box P3 in IFNγ-Mediated PD-L1 Expression and Bladder Cancer Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Zhang Hanwei , Ly Ann , Chou Emily , Wang Liang , Zhang Paul , Prado Kris , Gu Yiqian , Pellegrini Matteo , Chin Arnold I.
Published: September 2024

Exposure times of antibodies used for immunofluorescence
Supplementary Table 2 from Role of Forkhead Box P3 in IFNγ-Mediated PD-L1 Expression and Bladder Cancer Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Zhang Hanwei , Ly Ann , Chou Emily , Wang Liang , Zhang Paul , Prado Kris , Gu Yiqian , Pellegrini Matteo , Chin Arnold I.
Published: September 2024

FDRs and p-values of IFNgamma induced genes
Supplementary Figure 3 from Role of Forkhead Box P3 in IFNγ-Mediated PD-L1 Expression and Bladder Cancer Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Zhang Hanwei , Ly Ann , Chou Emily , Wang Liang , Zhang Paul , Prado Kris , Gu Yiqian , Pellegrini Matteo , Chin Arnold I.
Published: September 2024

Minimal activation of PD-L1 by IL-4 and IL-10 compared to IFNgamma in HT1376 cells
Table S8 from High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C Combined with Docetaxel in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial
Authors: Paller Channing J. , Zahurak Marianna L. , Mandl Adel , Metri Nicole A. , Lalji Aliya , Heath Elisabeth , Kelly William K. , Hoimes Christopher , Barata Pedro , Taksey Jason , Garrison Dominique A. , Patra Kartick , Milne Ginger L. , Anders Nicole M. , Nauroth Julie M. , Durham Jennifer N. , Marshall Catherine H. , Markowski Mark C. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Carducci Michael A. , Denmeade Samuel R. , Levine Mark
Published: September 2024

Table S8 shows Prevalence of adverse events
Supplemental Table S6 from Secondary Endpoint Utilization and Publication Rate among Phase III Oncology Trials
Authors: Beck Esther J. , Sherry Alexander D. , Florez Marcus A. , Kouzy Ramez , Abi Jaoude Joseph , Lin Timothy A. , Miller Avital M. , Passy Adina H. , Kupferman Gabrielle S. , Patel Roshal R. , Chino Fumiko , Higbie Victoria Serpas , Parseghian Christine M. , Overman Michael J. , Minsky Bruce D. , Thomas Charles R. , Tang Chad , Msaouel Pavlos , Ludmir Ethan B.
Published: September 2024

Comparison of publication and reporting between the overall dataset and the sensitivity analysis restricting SEPs to only those from both the protocol and ClinicalTrials.Gov, from trials with multiple protocols available.
Supplemental Table S3 from Secondary Endpoint Utilization and Publication Rate among Phase III Oncology Trials
Authors: Beck Esther J. , Sherry Alexander D. , Florez Marcus A. , Kouzy Ramez , Abi Jaoude Joseph , Lin Timothy A. , Miller Avital M. , Passy Adina H. , Kupferman Gabrielle S. , Patel Roshal R. , Chino Fumiko , Higbie Victoria Serpas , Parseghian Christine M. , Overman Michael J. , Minsky Bruce D. , Thomas Charles R. , Tang Chad , Msaouel Pavlos , Ludmir Ethan B.
Published: September 2024

Distribution of the types of correlatives and their respective publication rates.
Table S15 from High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C Combined with Docetaxel in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial
Authors: Paller Channing J. , Zahurak Marianna L. , Mandl Adel , Metri Nicole A. , Lalji Aliya , Heath Elisabeth , Kelly William K. , Hoimes Christopher , Barata Pedro , Taksey Jason , Garrison Dominique A. , Patra Kartick , Milne Ginger L. , Anders Nicole M. , Nauroth Julie M. , Durham Jennifer N. , Marshall Catherine H. , Markowski Mark C. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Carducci Michael A. , Denmeade Samuel R. , Levine Mark
Published: September 2024

Table S15 shows Comparison of F2-Isoprostanes Control and Intervention Changes (post - pre) Immediately after Cycle 6
Table S10 from High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C Combined with Docetaxel in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial
Authors: Paller Channing J. , Zahurak Marianna L. , Mandl Adel , Metri Nicole A. , Lalji Aliya , Heath Elisabeth , Kelly William K. , Hoimes Christopher , Barata Pedro , Taksey Jason , Garrison Dominique A. , Patra Kartick , Milne Ginger L. , Anders Nicole M. , Nauroth Julie M. , Durham Jennifer N. , Marshall Catherine H. , Markowski Mark C. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Carducci Michael A. , Denmeade Samuel R. , Levine Mark
Published: September 2024

Table S10 shows ANCOVA Least-squares Means for Cycle 4, 6, and 8 FACT-P Total by Study Arm
Table S1 from High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C Combined with Docetaxel in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial
Authors: Paller Channing J. , Zahurak Marianna L. , Mandl Adel , Metri Nicole A. , Lalji Aliya , Heath Elisabeth , Kelly William K. , Hoimes Christopher , Barata Pedro , Taksey Jason , Garrison Dominique A. , Patra Kartick , Milne Ginger L. , Anders Nicole M. , Nauroth Julie M. , Durham Jennifer N. , Marshall Catherine H. , Markowski Mark C. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Carducci Michael A. , Denmeade Samuel R. , Levine Mark
Published: September 2024

Table S1 shows Participating Sites and the Number of Patients Enrolled in the Trial at Each Institution
Figure S2 from High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C Combined with Docetaxel in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial
Authors: Paller Channing J. , Zahurak Marianna L. , Mandl Adel , Metri Nicole A. , Lalji Aliya , Heath Elisabeth , Kelly William K. , Hoimes Christopher , Barata Pedro , Taksey Jason , Garrison Dominique A. , Patra Kartick , Milne Ginger L. , Anders Nicole M. , Nauroth Julie M. , Durham Jennifer N. , Marshall Catherine H. , Markowski Mark C. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Carducci Michael A. , Denmeade Samuel R. , Levine Mark
Published: September 2024

Figure S2 shows Plasma ascorbic acid concentrations
Figure S1 from High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C Combined with Docetaxel in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial
Authors: Paller Channing J. , Zahurak Marianna L. , Mandl Adel , Metri Nicole A. , Lalji Aliya , Heath Elisabeth , Kelly William K. , Hoimes Christopher , Barata Pedro , Taksey Jason , Garrison Dominique A. , Patra Kartick , Milne Ginger L. , Anders Nicole M. , Nauroth Julie M. , Durham Jennifer N. , Marshall Catherine H. , Markowski Mark C. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Carducci Michael A. , Denmeade Samuel R. , Levine Mark
Published: September 2024

Figure S1 shows FACT-P scores
Data from Role of Forkhead Box P3 in IFNγ-Mediated PD-L1 Expression and Bladder Cancer Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Zhang Hanwei , Ly Ann , Chou Emily , Wang Liang , Zhang Paul , Prado Kris , Gu Yiqian , Pellegrini Matteo , Chin Arnold I.
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Antagonism of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis is a critical therapeutic strategy for patients with advanced bladder cancer. IFNγ functions as a key regulator of PD-L1 in both immune as well as cancer cells. Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) is a transcription factor synonymous in T regulatory cell function but with increasingly described functions in cancer cells. Here, we investigated the relationship between FOXP3 and PD-L1 in bladder cancer. We showed that FOXP3 is critical in the ability for IFNγ to activate PD-L1 in bladder cancer cells. FOXP3 can bind to the PD-L1 promoter and induces a gene program that leads to regulation of multiple immune-related genes and genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Using in vitro and in vivo human and murine models, we showed that FOXP3 can influence bladder cancer EMT as well as promote cancer metastases. Furthermore, FOXP3 may be a convergent factor for multiple activators of PD-L1, including the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin.
Significance:
Historically a key transcription factor driving T regulatory cell function, FOXP3 has an increasingly recognized role in cancer cells. In bladder cancer, we defined a novel mechanism whereby FOXP3 mediates the activation of the immune checkpoint PD-L1 by the cytokine IFNγ. We also showed that FOXP3 induces other immune checkpoints as well as genes involved in EMT, promoting immune resistance and cancer metastases.
Automatic Detection of Directional Lead Orientation in Deep Brain Stimulation using Photon-Counting Detector Computed Tomography: A Phantom Study
Authors: Hunsche Stefan , Hellerbach Alexandra , Eichner Markus , Panknin Christoph , Faby Sebastian , Wirths Jochen , Visser-Vandewalle Veerle , Treuer Harald , Fedders Dieter
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) represents the next generation of CT technology, offering enhanced capabilities for detecting the orientation of directional leads in deep brain stimulation (DBS). This study aims to refine PCD-CT-based lead orientation determination using an automated method applicable to devices from various manufacturers, addressing current methodological limitations and improving neurosurgical precision. Methods: An automated method was developed to ascertain the orientation of directional DBS leads using PCD-CT data and grayscale model fitting for devices from Boston Scientific, Medtronic, and Abbott. A phantom study was conducted to evaluate the precision and accuracy of this method, comparing it with the stripe artifact method across different lead alignments relative to the CT gantry axis. Results: Except for the Medtronic Sensight™ lead, where detection was occasionally unfeasible if aligned normal to the z-axis of the CT gantry, a clinically very unlikely alignment, the lead orientation could be automatically determined regardless of its position. The accuracy and precision of this automated method was comparable to those of the stripe artifact method. Conclusion: PCD-CT enables the automatic determination of lead orientation from leading manufacturers with an accuracy comparable to the stripe artifact method, and it offers the added benefit of being independent of the clinically occurring orientation of the head and, consequently, the lead relative to the CT gantry axis.
Creation and the Revelation of God: Interwoven and Interactive Themes across John 1:1–2:12
Authors: Brown Sherri
Published: September 2024

John 1:19–51 provides a bridge from the prologue (1:1–18) into the body of the narrative and the inauguration of Jesus’s public ministry at a wedding feast (2:1–12). The primary theme underlying these opening days has long been debated. Further, do the days articulated by the regular temporal markers tally to six or seven? The evangelist presents the prologue in a chiasm that turns on the pivot of v. 12b. The opening and closing elements correspond to one another (creation imagery in vv. 1–5; revelation imagery in vv. 16–18), but the latter has been fundamentally affected by the pivot: the incarnation of the Word of God and the human response to it. Moreover, as a prologue, its structure and content profoundly affect what follows. Based upon these foundations, this essay argues that themes of both creation and revelation are interwoven and interactive across these early passages.
Mapping Secular Choirs in Sweden
Authors: Göransson Per , Braunerhielm Lotta , Nilsson Mats
Published: September 2024

The role of religion in Western societies has gained renewed attention in recent years. While choirs have been studied to varying extents in the social sciences, the geography of choirs has received little attention, particularly in human geography. Using questionnaire responses from secular choir members, this exploratory study examines the possible differences and/or similarities of secular choir’s sacral and/or secular activity in urban and rural spaces in Sweden. The study reveals two primary findings. First, it reveals that secular choir members engage in a mixture of secular and sacred activities, suggesting that these activities can be considered postsecular. Second, the data challenges the geographical perception of rural environments as more sacred/traditional, as they have a high proportion of secular activities. Likewise, the results questions the geographical perception of urban environments as secular/modern, as they demonstrate an even distribution of sacred activities.
The “Leftist” Tendency of Upgrading Class Status during the Land Reform in the Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region during the War of Liberation: A Case Study of Jia County in the Suide District
Authors: Zhang Yuxin
Published: September 2024

Following the National Land Conference of 1947, land reform that aimed at achieving “land to the tiller” commenced across the liberated areas. Classifying social classes was a prerequisite for carrying out this reform. However, in the Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region, a widespread “leftist” tendency to upgrade class statuses occurred during the classification. This was not only due to deviations in policy implementation by grassroots cadres and the masses but also related to the complexities inherent in class classification itself. Additionally, it was a desperate measure on the part of the peasants of Northern Shaanxi, who, facing frequent natural disasters and general food shortages, actively sought to reclassify households with surplus grain in order to secure their own food resources.
Framing the “Oldest Alliance”: Treaty-Making in Fourteenth-Century England and Portugal
Authors: Faria Tiago Viúla de
Published: September 2024

Few treaties before the Peace of Westphalia are likely to have affected popular culture as much as the so-called Treaty of Windsor, celebrated in 1386–87 between the rulers of England and Portugal, which has commonly been hailed as the oldest diplomatic alliance in place worldwide. A lesser-known fact is that the Treaty of Windsor was the last of four treaties signed in a relatively short span of 33 years, beginning in 1353. This essay examines each of those compositions’ context, making, content, and constitutional significance once they came into being. Considering the ever-changing political developments of the Hundred Years’ War and parallel Anglo-Portuguese commercial interests, which ran deeper, ultimately this essay questions the significance of late medieval treaties and the Anglo-Portuguese alliance as a political creation.
A new species of Miobdelus Sharp and two new records of Eucibdelus Kraatz (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae) from China
Authors: HE LIANG , ZHOU HONG-ZHANG
Published: September 2024

In this paper we describe Miobdelus motuoensis He and Zhou sp. nov. from Xizang, China. Eucibdelus gracilis Kraatz, 1859 and Eucibdelus emawensis Schillhammer, 2023 are reported from China for the first time. Line drawings and color illustrations of adult structures and genitalia are provided for these species.
Young Adults in Turbulent Times: Findings from the Arizona Youth Identity Project
Authors: Martin (Guest Editor) Nathan D.
Published: September 2024

This special issue examines young adults’ beliefs, identities, and political priorities during a tumultuous political era. Each article uses different subsamples of the qualitative and quantitative data collected by the Arizona Youth Identity Project (AZYIP), an ongoing mixed-methods study since the 2020 presidential election. This introductory essay describes the broader goals of the project and AZYIP study design and highlights key themes that emerge across the studies in the special issue, including Arizona young adults’ critical awareness of social issues, commitment to active citizenship, and desire for systemic change.
Performance evaluation and analysis for hydraulic active suspension using the collaborative control method
Authors: Ling Qihui , Chen Xin , Niu Liyong , Guo Yong , Chen Shengzhao
Published: September 2024

Hydraulic active suspension has the coupling characteristics of integrated mechanical-hydraulic-control system, and its performance is also affected by external interference, noise interference, and other factors. Therefore, a novel controller is presented to achieve system-level optimal performances by using the collaborative control method. The proposed collaborative method is provided an implementation framework, and includes outer loop control of Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), inside loop control of modified linearized active disturbance rejection control (M-LADRC) and Kalman filter, and so on. In addition, the semi-physical simulation method is used to the simulation and test, and the force tracking control test for hydraulic servo system and Kalman filter test are carried out. Finally, the performance of semi-physical active suspension is compared with that of the ideal active suspension and passive suspension under the different road profile excitation. The superiority and effectiveness are verified for the collaborative control method. The collaborative controller has improved the suspension system performance and is more practical, which is beneficial for the application of the achievements.
A global communications standpoint: What might that mean?
Authors: Raman Usha
Published: September 2024

What does it mean, then, when we adopt and advocate a standpoint that is not tied to a single locus or body of experience, that in fact attempts to expand possibility rather than narrow it, that simultaneously values context while recognizing disconnection from it? What are the implications for thinking, teaching and doing, when the standpoint urges us to look outward and inward at the same time, demanding that we be rooted in the local even as we trace its threads to and from the global? In this essay, I respond to the provocation offered by Girginova et al. as they argue for a global standpoint in media and communication research, asking for a nuanced approach to positionality that allows for openness in both research and teaching.
Analyzing Alignment Error in Tibial Tuberosity–Trochlear Groove Distance in Clinical Scans Using 2D and 3D Methods
Authors: Sieberer Johannes M. , Park Nancy , Rancu Albert L. , Desroches Shelby T. , McDonald Curtis , Manafzadeh Armita R. , Tommasini Steven M. , Wiznia Daniel H. , Fulkerson John P.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance (TT-TG) is often used as a primary metric for surgical decision-making in the treatment of patellofemoral instability (PFI), particularly when considering tibial tubercle transfer. Although TT-TG has high interrater reliability, it is prone to measurement differences caused by the alignment of the patient's leg in a scanner gantry, potentially influencing surgical decision-making. Quantification of this error within the clinical literature remains limited.

Purpose:

To quantify and specify the error in TT-TG caused by leg-scanner alignment by using detailed topographical landmarks and 3-dimensional (3D) analysis of computed tomography scans of patients with PFI.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Three-dimensional models of knees with PFI were created from computed tomography scans and used to identify TT-TG landmarks. TT-TG was measured using the established 2-dimensional (2D) and 3D methods. A model to estimate the differences between these 2 methods was created, and the orientation of the patients’ legs in relation to scanner longitudinal axis was measured to validate this model via linear regression. Interrater reliability was calculated via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).

Results:

A total of 44 knees of patients with PFI were analyzed. Differences between the 2D and 3D methods ranged from -4.0 to 14.7 mm (mean ± SD, 2.7 ± 4.1 mm) with a root mean square difference of 4.8 mm. The TT-TG distance of the 2D method (19.8 ± 7.2 mm) was significantly ( P = .045) longer than that of the 3D method (17.1 ± 4.9 mm). The variance of the 2D method was significantly larger than that of the 3D method. In total, 13 (29.5%) of the knees had a difference of >5 mm between 2D and 3D TT-TG. The estimation model had an adjusted r2 value of 1.00 and a resulting root mean square difference of 0.21 mm. 3D TT-TGs interrater reliability was good to excellent (ICC, 0.94 [95 CI%, 0.81-0.98]).

Conclusion:

3D TT-TG can be used to correct scanner-leg alignment errors, some of which are substantial when using only 2D TT-TG measurements.

Clinical Relevance:

The findings in this study suggest a need for caution and awareness of the potential effects of differences in alignment of the axes of the leg and scanner when using purely 2D TT-TG as a basis for surgical planning.