bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Untrained Football Referees’ Strength, Speed, and Endurance through A Mix-training Programme
Authors: Burhaeın Erick , Ndayisenga Japhet , Lourenço Carla Cristina Vieira , Bangurambona Fidès
Published: October 2024

Given the distance, energy consumption and football referees’ physical challenge during matches, it is crucial that their speed, endurance, and strength should be enhanced. It is in this perspective that this One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design quasi-experimental research, aims to (a) validate a mixed-training program to enhance Primus League football referees’ speed, endurance, and strength. The research also aims to (b) gather evidence on the program reliability and effectiveness. The sample consisted of 15 Primus League football referees (n=15) who attended a five-week training program with sessions held 3 times per week. During an expert panel, eight Fitness and Vitality Enhancement (FVE) professionals validated the program and later the replicability estimation indicated the training program related tests’ high reliability (ICC=0.77). The normality assumption was verified, and the results obtained through paired-sample t test, with related sig.<0.025, indicated that the intervention program effectiveness, except the speed component for which there was not enough evidence of the referees’ improvement. With bigger sample sizes, it is recommended that the relation between the referees’ age, body mass, and speed be established to shed light on the reason of speed component statistical insignificance.
Perícia contábil nos processos judiciais
Authors: Costa Faber Brum da , Mença Franciele Ramirez , Postiglione Elionai de Moraes
Published: October 2024

A perícia contábil é o instrumento de apuração que auxilia o juiz na averiguação de fatos ao patrimônio, com o intuito de um julgamento correto e legítimo. Ao desempenhar uma perícia contábil, necessita-se considerar os efeitos que a mesma causa aos envolvidos, de modo a ser justa e honesta, e ainda que, em diversas vezes, a decisão do juiz é orientada pelo trabalho do contador. Neste contexto, o objetivo geral do trabalho é compreender como a atuação da perícia contábil auxilia na solução das demandas dos processos judiciais, e os objetivos específicos são: descrever a atuação dos peritos nos processos; apresentar práticas de atuação de um perito em um processo trabalhista; apontar contribuições para o auxílio das demandas judiciais sobre a ótica de uma perícia contábil trabalhista. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos no estudo foi utilizada uma revisão bibliográfica, sendo suas principais fontes livros e artigos científicos de autores que se debruçaram sobre o tema. Além disso, fez-se o uso de uma pesquisa descritiva, com intuito de descrever as características de um fenômeno. Diante disso, este estudo consta que, quanto maior a eficácia nos procedimentos do trabalho pericial, maior será o valor agregado da perícia à sentença judicial.
Panorama da violência obstétrica no Brasil: Uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Conceição Genilson de Jesus , Freitas André Santos , Reis Luana Araújo dos
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A violência obstétrica, uma grave forma de violência de gênero, permanece como um problema significativo no Brasil, refletindo práticas inadequadas e desumanizantes no atendimento a mulheres durante o ciclo perinatal. Objetivo: Traçar um perfil abrangente da violência obstétrica no Brasil. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura publicada entre 2014 e 2023, nas bases de dados Scielo, Lilacs e PubMed. Utilizando a metodologia de análise de conteúdo, a pesquisa inclui pré-análise, exploração do material e interpretação dos resultados para oferecer uma compreensão aprofundada da violência obstétrica e o papel da enfermagem na promoção de um atendimento humanizado e livre de abusos. Resultados: Os resultados destacam que a violência obstétrica no Brasil se manifesta em formas físicas e psicológicas, comprometendo a autonomia e a saúde mental das mulheres. Identificam-se práticas desumanizantes e a falta de formação adequada dos profissionais de saúde como fatores que perpetuam essa violência. A pesquisa ressalta a necessidade urgente de reformas na formação dos profissionais e na implementação de políticas que assegurem um atendimento mais ético e respeitoso. Considerações finais: As conclusões sugerem a importância de uma abordagem crítica e informada para enfrentar a violência obstétrica, promovendo um ambiente de parto que priorize a dignidade e o bem-estar das mulheres.
Impactos da brucelose na reprodução de bovinos leiteiros
Authors: Scharff José Vitor Tavares , Meneguelli Mayra
Published: October 2024

A brucelose é uma doença reprodutiva, de caráter zoonótico, causada pela Brucella abortus, que tem seu controle previsto no Plano Nacional de Controle e Erradicação da Brucelose e Tuberculose Bovina/Bubalina (PNCEBT). Manifesta-se primariamente por abortos, geralmente a partir do 5° mês de gestação e nascimento de bezerros fracos. O presente estudo teve como método utilizado foi o de revisão bibliográfica, para a realização desta pesquisa, foi feito um levantamento de artigos encontrados no Google Acadêmico, SciELO, dentre outros. Com o objetivo de abordar sobre estágio de maturidade sexual em novilhas, como também a necessidade de manter as vacinações dos bovinos em dia para evitar assim doenças como a brucelose No Brasil, onde a doença é endêmica, o PNCEBT visa reduzir a prevalência por meio de vacinação e certificação de propriedades. Isto proporciona benefícios económicos e de saúde, protege a saúde humana e animal e fortalece o sector pecuário do país.
As políticas públicas de educação para alunos surdos no Brasil: Desafios e inclusão no ambiente escolar
Authors: Evangelista Marcos Antonio , Rodrigues Maria Miriam Evangelista , Lima Mirian Jéssica Encarnação , Deus Elden do Carmo de , Figueiredo Luã Fernandes de , Gomes Izaque Viana , Barbosa Ana Maria da Silva Gama , Carvalho Mayara Pinho , Pinto Adenira Sousa
Published: October 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo fazer um estudo sobre as políticas públicas de educação para alunos surdos no Brasil, bem como os seus desafios de inclusão no espaço escolar. Metodologia, trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho qualitativa. No Brasil, ao longo dos últimos anos, ocorreram avanços significativos no campo da pesquisa e produção de materiais para a melhoria das condições dos alunos surdos na sociedade e na escola. Em 24 de abril de 2002 foi regulamentado pelo Decreto nº. 5.626 e, no final de 2005, que determina a inclusão da Libras como disciplina curricular obrigatória nos cursos de formação de professores, de nível médio e superior, e nos cursos de fonoaudiologia, representa uma enorme conquista da comunidade Surda. O estudo mostrou que é uma Língua viva, cada país tem a sua língua, ela não é universal, quando se promove a inclusão, ensina os alunos sem distinção, permite o respeito ao direito à educação com qualidade mesmo que esta seja diferenciada das outras modalidades, tal discussão começa a ganhar força mais recentemente, através de alguns pensadores que começam a levantar questionamentos sobre o modelo determinado pelos marcos legais.
Análise dos fatores de risco na leucemia linfoblástica aguda infantil: Uma síntese da literatura científica
Authors: Bibo Isabela Semensato , Silva Andressa Borges da , Pereira Bárbara Miranda , Ferrari Daniella Nocito , Funchal Maria Luiza Reis , Motizuki Melyssa Mitie , Rocha Aline Maria de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) é a doença hematológica maligna mais comum na comunidade pediátrica, justificando a importância da investigação contínua sobre os seus fatores de risco para melhorar as taxas de diagnóstico precoce e prognóstico. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo destacar os fatores de risco da LLA infantil e enfatizar a importância da implementação de estratégias de saúde para mitigá-los. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática integrativa da literatura, utilizando dados da plataforma PubMed, feita em 2024, com os descritores MeSH  “Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma”, “child” e “risk factors”, combinado com o operador booleano AND. Ademais, adicionou-se o descritor “treatment” com o operador NOT, resultando em 60 artigos, os quais foram filtrados por “texto completo gratuito” e “últimos cinco anos”. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 23 artigos.  Resultados: Os fatores de risco identificados incluem exposição a cancerígenos, como pesticidas e gases tóxicos (benzeno), proximidade a campos magnéticos e luz artificial. A saúde materna durante a gestação também se relaciona ao risco, incluindo infecções maternas e exposição a altas temperaturas. A resposta imunológica e polimorfismos genéticos, especialmente em crianças hispânicas, também contribuem para etiopatogenia da LLA. Conclusão: A LLA infantil continua sendo prevalente, e embora os avanços terapêuticos tenham elevado as taxas de sobrevida para 90%, fatores ambientais e genéticos ainda influenciam sua incidência. Pesquisas futuras devem integrar prevenção ambiental e avanços genômicos para a melhor compreensão e controle da LLA.
Tendências das notificações de violência autoprovocada em pessoas Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais e Transgêneros (LGBT) no Brasil
Authors: Siqueira Vitória Rios , Novais Jordana Alves , Albuquerque Juliana Silva , Garrido Larissa Bernardes Araújo , Monteiro Matheus Cerqueira , Maranhão Paulo Henrique Pimenta
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A violência autoprovocada envolve atos intencionais de autolesão para aliviar tensões e estresses mentais, frequentemente resultantes de traumas e pressões sociais. Objetivo: Analisar a tendência das taxas de notificação da violência autoprovocada em pessoas LGBT nas diferentes Unidades Federativas (UFs) do Brasil entre 2015 a 2021. Métodos: Os dados foram coletados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, considerando identidade de gênero e orientação sexual de pessoas com 10 anos de idade ou mais. As taxas anuais foram calculadas e analisadas com regressão linear, usando Stata 14.0 e para analisar as tendências das taxas de notificação foi utilizado o método Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Um total de 11817 casos foi documentado durante esse período. A distribuição regional revelou que o sudeste registrou o maior número de ocorrências (5.570 casos). A taxa de notificação mais alta ocorreu na região sul em 2017 (2,8 casos por 100.000 habitantes). Em termos de variação percentual, houve um aumento geral de 123,5% nas notificações de violência. A análise da série temporal revelou tendências crescentes em Sergipe (TIA = 51,0; IC95% 16,0 – 98,0) e no Distrito Federal (TIA = 35,0; IC95% 2,0-78,0). Conclusão: As taxas de violência autoprovocada em pessoas LGBT apresentam uma tendência estável, mas variam regionalmente, o que destaca a necessidade de políticas públicas inclusivas e abordagens holísticas para prevenção e proteção, considerando a complexidade do cenário.
Healthcare-Associated Infections in patients with Covid-19: Assessment of commorbidities and risk of mortality
Authors: Rickli Guilherme Ângelo Faria , Karas Bruna , Souza Ana Carolina Mello Fontoura de , Jupen Gabriela Alves , Santos Fábio André dos , Gaspar Maria Dagmar da Rocha , Ito Carmen Antonia Sanches , Bail Larissa , Montes Elisangela Gueiber
Published: October 2024

Healthcare-associated infections are a known factor that is especially difficult to control within healthcare institutions. They are responsible for increased mortality, as well as increased length of stay and costs. This is a retrospective observational cross-sectional study that aims to elucidate information about infections acquired in the hospital environment by patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, who are more susceptible to this condition; it was conducted from March 2020 to March 2022 at a hospital in the southern region of Brazil. Data were collected from electronic medical records, and the profile of these infections was defined; the frequencies of the main comorbidities and main infections were analyzed, with site and etiological agent being discriminated, and the antimicrobials that were used being specified. The mortality rate of patients with obesity was 2.3 times higher, while that of pregnant and postpartum women was 11.3 times higher.
Eflúvio Telógeno Agudo em Paciente Pós Infecção por SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19)
Authors: Seibert Jhessica Martelli , Marques Leandra Ferreira , Silva Claudinei Mesquita da , Silva Luiza Morandini Gaspar da , Tomasson Maria Laura , Abe Nathalia Larissa de Matos , Dalacqua Milena Josué
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa visa determinar se há uma associação entre a COVID-19 e o eflúvio telógeno agudo, bem como se a gravidade da doença influencia a incidência desse fenômeno. Método: Estudo de coorte transversal, de cunho quanti-qualitativo, descritivo, com foco em levantar e analisar dados mediante aplicação de um questionário pela plataforma Google Forms®. Resultado: Participaram do estudo 122 acadêmicos, dos quais 84,8% possuíam entre 18 - 34 anos, sendo que 69,7% possuíam entre 18 a 24 anos e 15,2% entre 24 a 34 anos. Entre eles 68,7% testaram positivo para COVID-19, sendo que 31,3% testaram positivo mais uma vez. Em relação aos sintomas, 87,9% apresentaram sintomas leves. Em relação ao tempo de infecção, mais de 80% possuíram tempo de infecção entre 1 a 2 semanas, seguido por 14,1% entre 2 a 3 semanas. Dos comportamentos durante a pandemia 75,8% apresentaram ansiedade e 66,7% apresentaram estresse. A queda capilar foi presente em mais da metade da população após a infecção (53,5%), sendo que 42,7% experimentaram queda em até um mês, e 17,2% em até 3 meses após a infecção. O tempo de queda capilar foi mais longa de mais de 2 meses. Apenas 23,2% buscaram ajuda e fizeram tratamento.  Apenas 26,3% tinham histórico de queda de cabelo antes da infecção. E a forma de distribuição da queda foi apresentada pela maioria de 53,5% como difusa. Conclusão: O estudo reportou alta prevalência de alopecia pós-COVID-19, destacando a necessidade de maior compressão sobre os mecanismos subjacentes a esse fenômeno dermatológico.
Expressões indiretas do gene guerreiro responsável pela enzima catecol-o-metiltransferase (COMT) em situações de estresse acadêmico
Authors: Alves Emanuelly Batista , Teshima Amanda Thiemy , Wolski Michele Andressa Vier
Published: October 2024

O termo "gene guerreiro" é comumente empregue para descrever variações genéticas que possam impactar o comportamento humano, tais como agressividade, impulsividade e tolerância ao estresse. No entanto, há evidências crescentes de que variantes genéticas importantes podem alterar a atividade dentro de circuitos neuronais específicos e, portanto, influenciar fenômenos cognitivo-afetivos específicos. Um polimorfismo de nucleotídeo único no gene catecol-O-metiltransferase (COMT) leva a variante genética que regula o metabolismo das catecolaminas, principalmente da dopamina. Portanto, variações genéticas no gene da COMT podem influenciar a atividade desta enzima e, consequentemente, moldando traços de personalidade e padrões comportamentais. Assim, objetiva-se compreender e relacionar indiretamente as diferentes expressões do gene COMT em acadêmicos submetidos a situações adversas de estresse. Para esse estudo, foi realizado uma experiência social de forma prática, em duas etapas de questionários, a primeira etapa em situação de conforto e na segunda etapa com indução de estresse, as quais resultaram em uma dosagem indireta de liberação da dopamina com níveis distintos entre as duas etapas. Os resultados indicam que acadêmicos de 17 a 23 anos com possíveis genótipos Val158Val apresentam uma degradação mais rápida da dopamina, resultando em menor estresse, enquanto aqueles com o possível genótipo Met158Met têm acúmulo de dopamina, caracterizando uma resposta mais intensa ao estresse, especialmente em situações adversas. Ao fim, construiu-se relações que diferem alelos da COMT em homozigotos (Val158Val; Met158Met) e heterozigotos (Val158Met) com a finalidade de apontar diferenças da degradação de dopamina no córtex pré-frontal.
Israel Dulu dan Kini
Authors: Karman Yonky
Published: October 2024

Umat pilihan adalah sebutan yang sering diberlakukan untuk orang Yahudi. Namun, gereja pasca-Perjanjian Baru menganggap status keumatan Israel sudah berakhir—suatu asumsi teologis yang baru dikoreksi sejak pertengahan abad ke-20. Dalam rangka itulah, artikel ini memeriksa ulang konsep umat pilihan secara alkitabiah. Bahasa Deuteronomis untuk pemilihan Israel adalah pembebasan mereka dari perbudakan Mesir untuk menjadi bangsa penyembah Yahweh (keumatan ‘ebed). Namun, Perjanjian Sinai menuntut Israel lebih dari itu, yakni menjadi umat yang istimewa, keumatan teladan (keumatan segullā). Realitas keumatan ‘ebed adalah tak bersyarat dan dasarnya semata-mata faktor Allah, kasih dan kesetiaan-Nya (Ul. 7:6-8). Sebaliknya, realitas keumatan segullā bersyarat dan dasarnya adalah faktor Israel, yakni kesungguhan mereka untuk berpegang pada perjanjian (Kel. 19:5-6) yang kemudian ternyata gagal, kecuali umat sisa. Kendati demikian, kegagalan Israel membuka jalan bagi keumatan yang diperluas, yang mengikutsertakan orang-orang non-Yahudi secara massal, sementara keselamatan massal orang Yahudi merupakan realitas eskatologis (Rm. 11:25-26).
India's Graham: Martha Graham's Impact on Indian Modern Dance
Authors: Paramguru Kakali
Published: October 2024

I conducted semi-structured open-ended Zoom interviews with seven Indian dancers who studied with Martha Graham or her company between 1964 and 2009. Many of these dancers connected with Indian concepts and subject matter for the first time or in a new way through Graham, a phenomenon that would prove controversial in artistic milieus that pressured artists to serve cultural authenticity or embody a degree of ‘Indian-ness.’ Sparking questions and inspiring new approaches, Graham's impact on Indian modern dance cannot be ignored. This paper investigates the new direction(s) brought to Indian dance during and after the post-colonial period. The Indian Graham dancers profiled herein also deserve to be acknowledged in dance scholarship for their contribution not only to new directions within Indian dance, but also to cross-cultural collaborations such as 2020's Movement Migration, which continue to strengthen Indo-American relations via kinaesthetics.
Developments in Dance Research: The UK Dance Research Matters Programme
Authors: Artpradid Vipavinee
Published: October 2024

The 2020 Dance Research Matters (DRM) campaign led to the launch of the £500,000 AHRC-funded Dance Research Matters Network programme towards the end of 2022. The article discusses the challenging backdrop against which it was formed, and how it exemplifies the mutual aims that researchers and funding bodies can achieve by working together. It asks what ‘resilience’ and ‘transformation’ might mean for alternative systems (and ways of being) within and beyond the human domain, and also for models of socio-political organisation at the shifting borders of the dance research sector. Examples and issues arising from the aims and events of the five DRM Networks illustrate how crucial it is when taking an ecological approach to funding dance research, for funders, institutions, researchers, and the Creative Industries to have an awareness of the complex and multi-layered implications involved for individuals, dance-related communities and others.
Gençlerin Akraba Algısı ve İlişkilerini Anlamak: Zorunlu Bir Bağ mı? Sosyal Sermaye mi?
Authors: Ayhan Döne
Published: October 2024

Gençlerin akrabalık ilişkilerini anlamaya odaklanan bu çalışma, toplumsal değişimin gençler üzerinden okuma denemesidir. Toplumların kimliğini anlamada o toplumda yaşayan kişilerin aile ve akraba pratiklerini sosyolojik tahayyül ekseninde ele almak önemlidir. Gençlerin akrabalık ilişkilerini ortaya koymak toplumdaki aile örüntüleri hakkında veri sunar. Bu çalışmada, toplumsalın önemli bir öğelerinden birisi olan akrabalığın gençlerin perspektifinden değerlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır. Konya ilinde 2000 sonrası doğumlu, aktif üniversite öğrencisi olan kişilerle yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu ile yüz yüze görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. 8 kadın 7 erkek toplamda 15 üniversite öğrencisiyle gerçekleşen bu çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemi gerçekleştirilmiş olup amaçlı örneklem tercih edilmiştir. Araştırma gençlerin akraba algısı ekseninde, akrabalık algısı ve duygusu, akrabalık ilişkileri ve kültürü, akrabalığın sosyal sermaye değeri ve akrabalık sisteminin geleceğine dair öngörüler şeklinde dört temada şekillenmiştir. Bu haliyle akrabalık formunun değişim ve dönüşümünü anlamak, yorumlamak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda gençler özelinde akrabalık ilişkilerinin devam ettiği fakat süreç içerisinde azalarak daha yüzeysel bir düzleme geçtiği görülmüştür. Gençlerin akraba algısı kısmen sosyal sermaye çoğunlukla zorunlu bir bağ şeklindedir
Kegiatan Penyuluhan, Senam dan Pemasangan Alat CTPS (Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun) Sederhana Di UPT SD Negeri 128 Inpres Lengkese 1
Authors: Hamzah Hadzmawaty , Liliskarlina Liliskarlina , Dullah Arif Atul Mahmuda
Published: October 2024

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan pengetahuan anak-anak tentang pentingnya menjaga kebersihan tangan sebagai upaya pencegahan penyakit. Dalam kegiatan ini, penyuluhan diberikan untuk memberikan informasi yang tepat mengenai langkah-langkah cuci tangan yang benar, manfaat cuci tangan dengan sabun, serta dampak positifnya terhadap kesehatan. Selain itu, senam cuci tangan dilakukan sebagai metode interaktif dan menyenangkan untuk mengajarkan teknik cuci tangan yang benar kepada peserta, terutama anak-anak. Dengan menggabungkan gerakan senam yang diiringi musik, peserta diharapkan dapat lebih mudah mengingat langkah-langkah cuci tangan yang efektif. Program ini diharapkan dapat membentuk kebiasaan cuci tangan yang baik di kalangan masyarakat, yang pada akhirnya dapat membantu mencegah penyebaran penyakit infeksi.
Pengolahan Sampah dan Limbah Rumah Tangga dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kesehatan Masyarakat di Desa Bontomanai kabupaten Takalar
Authors: Natsir Amaliah
Published: October 2024

Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) adalah satu Program Nasional di bidang sanitasi yang bersifat lintas sektoral. Program ini telah dicanangkan pada bulan Agustus 2008 oleh Menteri Kesehatan RI. Antara 5 pilar STBM yang tidak kalah penting adalah pilar ke 4 dan pilar ke-5 yaitu Pengamanan sampah rumah tangga dengan benar dan pengamanan limbah cair rumah tangga dengan aman. Banyak masyarakat yang berada di Desa Bontomanai belum mengelola sampah atau limbah mereka dengan baik dan benar. Masyarakat di sana  hanya mengelola sampah dengan cara dibakar, dibuang ke sungai, dan dibuang sembarangan. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang penerapan pilar ke 4 dan ke 5 STBM yaitu upaya pengamanan sampah rumah tangga dengan benar dan upaya pengamanan limbah cair rumah tangga dengan aman. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Kantor Desa Bontomanai  Kecamatan Mangarabombang Kabupaten Takalar. Metode yang dilakukan adalah pemberian materi berupa kuesioner tes terdiri dari 15 pertanyaan kepada seluruh masyarakat yang hadir untuk mengukur sejauh mana pengetahuan atau sikap peserta penyuluhan tentang pengolahan sampah dan limbah rumah tangga. Dari hasil kuesioner tes menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar peserta kegiatan sudah memiliki tingkat pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang cukup baik dalam hal proses pengolahan sampah dan limbah rumah tangga. Diharapkan adanya kesadaran dan keinginan masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang sehat.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Kesehatan Reproduksi Lansia Dengan Menjaga Vitalistas dan Kualitas Hidup di Usia Senja
Authors: Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih , Nurindasari Sri , Siokal Brajakson , Rina Rina
Published: October 2024

Lansia sering kali menghadapi penurunan fungsi fisik, termasuk kesehatan reproduksi, yang dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup secara keseluruhan. Namun, pemahaman yang terbatas tentang pentingnya kesehatan reproduksi di kalangan lansia menyebabkan rendahnya kesadaran dan perawatan terhadap aspek ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman lansia tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan dampaknya terhadap vitalitas serta kualitas hidup di usia senja. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah pendekatan edukasi berbasis komunitas melalui penyuluhan dan diskusi interaktif. Populasi yang menjadi subjek penelitian adalah lansia di Sekolah Lansia Abdi Harapan, dengan total partisipan sebanyak 50 orang yang berusia 60 tahun ke atas. Materi yang diberikan mencakup informasi mengenai penyakit infeksi saluran Kemih, penyakit menular seksual, gangguan hormonal, dan kesehatan mental terkait reproduksi. Program pengabdian ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran lansia mengenai pentingnya menjaga kesehatan reproduksi. Edukasi dan pemeriksaan rutin terbukti efektif dalam mendorong perilaku sehat dan mendeteksi dini masalah kesehatan reproduksi, yang pada akhirnya meningkatkan kualitas hidup lansia. Setelah mengikuti program, terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pengetahuan peserta mengenai kesehatan reproduksi. Pre-test menunjukkan peserta memiliki pengetahuan rendah, sementara post-test menunjukkan peningkatan peserta memiliki pengetahuan yang lebih baik. Peserta menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan yang tinggi terhadap program ini, dengan mayoritas merasa bahwa informasi dan dukungan yang diberikan sangat bermanfaat dalam menjaga kesehatan mereka.
Comparing the Effect of DOAC-Stop® and DOAC-Remove® on Apixaban, Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran Prior to Thrombophilia and Lupus Testing
Authors: Malik Noor-E.-Huddah , Ward Andrew , Erskine Beth
Published: October 2024

Background

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) interfere with coagulation assays potentially leading to inaccurate results. This study determined the effectiveness of DOAC-stop® and DOAC-remove® in overcoming DOAC interference. It aimed to investigate the extent to which apixaban, rivaroxaban, and dabigatran had an effect on thrombophilia and lupus tests using normal plasma, as well as whether DOACs interfere with true-positive results by testing abnormal controls.

Methods

Apixaban (0.03 mg/mL), rivaroxaban (0.01 mg/mL), and dabigatran (0.019 mg/mL) stock solutions were made and added to the normal pool at three different concentrations (200, 400 and 600 ng/mL) and to the abnormal controls at a single concentration. These samples and untreated DOAC controls were tested before and after adding either DOAC-stop® or DOAC-remove®. The measured parameters included protein C, protein S, antithrombin III (ATIII), DRVVS, DRVVC, PTT-LA and DOAC concentration. The normal pool spiked with DOAC was repeated seven times for each DOAC at each concentration level and the abnormal controls spiked with DOAC were repeated four times at a single concentration level for each DOAC.

Results

In the normal pool, dabigatran and rivaroxaban affected all lupus anticoagulant tests, whereas apixaban only affected DRVVS and DRVVC. While dabigatran led to false-positive protein S deficiency and falsely elevated ATIII. Both DOAC-stop® and DOAC-remove® brought the thrombophilia results and all falsely elevated lupus anticoagulant results back within the normal range for apixaban and rivaroxaban. For dabigatran all the affected lupus anticoagulant tests remained abnormal following DOAC-remove®, unlike DOAC-stop® treatment, where only DRVVS and DRVVC at 600 ng/mL remained abnormal. In abnormal controls, all DOACs falsely elevated the lupus anticoagulant tests, whereas dabigatran caused false negative ATIII results, that were corrected (remained abnormal) with DOAC-stop® and DOAC-remove®. DOAC-stop® showed a greater reduction in lupus anticoagulant results than DOAC-remove®, causing a false-negative DRVVT ratio for rivaroxaban.

Conclusion

DOAC-stop® is more effective than DOAC-remove® in removing all DOACs below the reference range, whereas DOAC-remove® failed to remove dabigatran.
Recommendations for stable isotope analysis of charred archaeological crop remains
Authors: Styring Amy K. , Vaiglova Petra , Bogaard Amy , Church Mike J. , Gröcke Darren R. , Larsson Mikael , Liu Xinyi , Stroud Elizabeth , Szpak Paul , Wallace Michael P.
Published: October 2024

Stable isotope analysis of plant remains recovered from archaeological sites is becoming more routine. There remains a lack of consensus, however, on how to appropriately select archaeological plant remains for isotopic analysis, how to account for differences in preservation and the effect of potential contamination, and how to interpret the measured isotope values in terms of the conditions in which the plants grew. In this paper, we outline the main issues to be considered when planning and conducting an isotopic study of archaeobotanical remains. These include: (1) setting out the research question(s) that will be answerable using available analytical approaches, (2) considering the archaeological context from which plant remains derive, (3) determining appropriate sample size through consideration of estimate precision, (4) establishing the conditions in which plant remains have been preserved and potential effects on their isotope values, and (5) accounting for possible contamination during deposition. With these issues in mind, we propose some recommendations for researchers to consider when planning and conducting an isotopic study of archaeobotanical remains.
Causal relationship between sarcopenia and rotator cuff tears: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yang Dongmei , Li Zheng , Jiang Ziqing , Mei Xianzhong , Zhang Daguang , Wei Qiushi
Published: October 2024

Background

Sarcopenia and rotator cuff tears are common among elderly patients. However, the role of sarcopenia in the management of rotator cuff tears has been often overlooked. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of sarcopenia-related traits on rotator cuff tears.

Methods

Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses based on genome-wide association study data were used to evaluate the causal relationships among appendicular lean mass (ALM), usual walking pace, low hand grip strength, and rotator cuff tears. Multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analyses were used to evaluate the direct effects of each muscle trait on the causal relationship.

Results

Univariate MR analysis showed that ALM and usual walking pace were causally related to rotator cuff tears (odds ratio (OR) = 0.895; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.758-0.966, P<0.001 and OR = 0.458, 95% CI, 0.276-0.762, P = 0.003, respectively), and there was no evidence of causality between low hand grip strength and rotator cuff tears (OR = 1.132, 95% CI, 0.913-1.404, P = 0.26). MVMR analysis confirmed the causal effects of ALM and walking pace on rotator cuff tears (OR = 0.918, 95% CI, 0.851-0.990, P = 0.03 and OR = 0.476, 95% CI, 0.304-0.746, P = 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion

A causal genetic relationship exists between sarcopenia and rotator cuff tears. Sarcopenia-related traits including low muscle mass and physical function, increase the risk of rotator cuff tears. These findings provide new clinical insights and evidence-based medicine to optimize management of rotator cuff tears.
A novel bioassay for thyroid-blocking immunoglobulins
Authors: George Augustine , Lotz Johannes , Luffy Maximilian , Ganz Anna-Lena , Wolf Jan , Kahaly George J.
Published: October 2024

Background

Thyroid-blocking immunoglobulins (TBI) are present in 10%–15% of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). TBI affect thyroid function. The analytical performance of a novel TBI bioassay was evaluated.

Methods

Sera from AITD patients were tested with a cell-based TBI reporter bioassay (Thyretain®) with the expression of a luciferase transgene as readout and a new “Turbo™” TBI bioassay with a readout based on a cyclic AMP-activated luciferase. All samples were also run on two TSH-R binding immunoassays. A Passing–Bablok regression, a Bland–Altman plot, and user/lot comparisons were performed. In addition, dose–response curves for Turbo and Thyretain were fitted using serial dilutions, and half-maximal and 80% inhibitory concentrations (IC50/IC80) were compared.

Results

Of 1,011 unselected AITD patients, 131 patients (212 samples) were TBI positive. Of the 212 samples, 149 (70.3%), 47 (22%), and 16 (7.5%) were hypothyroid, euthyroid, and hyperthyroid, respectively. The three thyrotropin receptor antibody (TSH-R-Ab) assays were negative in 90 controls devoid of autoimmune thyroid disorders. In contrast, the Turbo cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) TBI, Thyretain TBI, and the binding assays detected TBI in 212 (100%), 168 (79%), and 138/180 (65%) samples, respectively (p< 0.001). Turbo highly correlated with thyroid function (p< 0.001). The percentage inhibition in both Turbo and Thyretain correlated with TSH-R-Ab binding assay positivity (both p< 0.001). The two bioassays correlated (r = 0.8, p< 0.001), and the Bland–Altman plot displayed no significant bias (0.24). Values scatter with slight systemic deviation between TBI mean values of 10%–50% inhibition, with higher Turbo than Thyretain results. Intra-assay validation demonstrated adequate precision with a very low coefficient of variation (average CV 5.4%) and lower CV with samples with a high inhibitory effect (CVAverage= 1.7% for a sample with 95% inhibition Thyretain). CV did not differ between users (p = 0.35) and lots (p = 0.121). The IC50/IC80 values were 1.55 ng/mL/3.48 ng/mL for Turbo and 6.76 ng/mL/18.46 ng/mL for Thyretain, respectively, demonstrating the markedly higher sensitivity of Turbo.

Conclusions

The novel, easy-to-perform, rapid, and reliable Turbo TSH-R blocking bioassay detected significantly more TBI than the established immunoassays, emphasizing its higher analytical performance and clinical utility in the management of patients with AITD.
Skeletal phenotypes in postmenopausal women affected by primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Corbetta Sabrina , Gianotti Laura , Castellano Elena , Carrara Silvia , Raineri Francesca , Munari Elisabetta , Guabello Gregorio , Cairoli Elisa , Chiodini Iacopo , Giovanelli Luca , Pierotti Laura , Dinoi Elisa , Della Valentina Simone , Cetani Filomena
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The current primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) presents as a mild disease. We explored skeletal phenotypes in postmenopausal women affected by PHPT, focusing on fracture prevalence.

Methods

PHPT women were retrospectively evaluated at four Italian centers for osteoporosis management (two centers in Milan, n = 244; Cuneo, n = 128; Pisa, n = 131). Data collected from clinical records were analyzed by hierarchical clusterization.

Results

Considering the whole PHPT series [n = 503, aged 67.0 (61.0–74.0) years], 90% had low bone mineral density (BMD) and approximately 30% reported at least one fracture. Vertebral fractures were associated with older age and lower hypophosphatemia, while women with appendicular fractures were younger with less severe hypophosphatemia. Fractures were predicted by lumbar T-score. By using a clustering approach, we identified four different skeletal phenotypes (cluster, C): C1 (n = 53) and C2 (n = 172) included women with lumbar and femur neck osteopenia, with low prevalence of fractures (11.3%). Osteoporotic PHPT women were grouped into C3 (n = 142) and C4 (n = 136); all women in C4 experienced fractures, were older, and were more frequently affected with cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, women included in C3 never experienced fractures and had a lower body mass index (BMI), though they were characterized by severe reduction in BMD at both lumbar and femur sites. Ionized and total calcium, phosphate, 25hydroxyvitamin D levels, kidney function, and stone prevalence (range, 26.4%–29.0%) were similar among clusters C1, C2, and C4, while unfractured women in C3 showed slightly higher ionized hypercalcemia, lower hypophosphatemia, and higher hypercalciuria with a trend to more frequently develop kidney stones (38.7%) than women in the remaining clusters.

Conclusions

Skeletal involvement in women with PHPT presented heterogeneous phenotypes with different prevalence of fractures. Fractures were not related to PHPT severity, suggesting that other factors besides PHPT, such as age, BMI, and lumbar and femur BMD, should be considered in the evaluation of bone involvement in postmenopausal women with PHPT.
Antibiotics-encapsulated nanoparticles as an antimicrobial agent in the treatment of wound infection
Authors: Taheri Mohammad , Arabestani Mohammad Reza , Kalhori Fereshte , Soleimani Asl Sara , Asgari Masoumeh , Hosseini Seyed Mostafa
Published: October 2024

Disruption in the wound-healing process is caused by the presence of bacteria and leads to major problems and delays in wound healing. The limitations of commonly used medicines for treating wound infections include drug toxicity, insufficient microbial coverage, poor penetration, and increased resistance. This study aimed to determine the effect of ciprofloxacin loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles (Cip-SLN) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and ampiciliin-vancomycin loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles (Amp-Van-SLN) on Staphylococcus aureus in wounds. Antibiotics were encapsulated in SLNs using the double emulsion method and were characterized. The in-vitro effect of antibiotic-loaded nanoparticles on P. aeruginosa and S. aureus was assessed using well diffusion and MIC methods. Finally, the topical antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles against bacterial wound infection was measured in a mouse model. MIC results showed that in the first 24 hours, the free drug had a greater effect on inhibiting bacteria, and in 72 hours, the inhibitory effect of nanoparticles increased. There was no toxicity effect of 400 µg/mL of nanoparticles on cells. According to the findings, the groups treated with Cip-SLN and Amp-Van-SLN were more effective than the control group (untreated) in different concentrations. In the wound healing process, the group treated with solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) exhibited a greater epithelial thickness, indicating enhanced healing, compared to the group treated with the free drug. The use of SLN can increase the accumulation of antibiotics at the site of infection with a slow release of the drug due to its fatty nature, which leads to a significant inhibitory effect on bacteria and also improves wound healing.
The Oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis Linnaeus, 1771 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): diagnosis, potential distribution, and geometric morphometrics across its natural distribution range
Authors: Smith-Pardo Allan H. , Altamiranda-Saavedra Mariano , Polly P. David
Published: October 2024

We present a short review of the biology, diagnostic characteristics, and invasiveness of the Oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis. We also performed an analysis of the shape of the forewings (geometric morphometrics) of different geographic groups along their native distribution and their potential geographical distribution using the MaxEnt entropy modeling. Our results show a wide potential expansion range of the species, including an increase in environmentally suitable areas in Europe, Asia, and Africa but more especially the Western Hemisphere, where the species was recently introduced. The geometric morphometric analysis of the forewings shows that there are three different morphogroups: one distributed along the Mediterranean coast of Europe and the Middle East (MEDI), another along the Arabian Peninsula and Western Asia but excluding the Mediterranean coast (MEAS), and one more in northern Africa north of the Sahara and south of the Mediterranean coast (AFRI), all of which show differences in their potential distribution as a result of the pressure from the different environments and which will also determine the capacity of the different morphogroups to successfully invade new habitats.
Psychosocial impact of climatotherapy in young patients with psoriasis: a 3-month cohort study
Authors: Nordgren Max , Duvetorp Albert
Published: October 2024

Ultraviolet rays are known to have positive effect on psoriasis, but the cold climate and latitude in Northern Europe reduce access to the sun. Climatotherapy is a treatment modality where the patient is relocated to a warmer region with a high ultraviolet (UV) index. Young patients with psoriasis can be particularly burdened by the disease, and studies have shown an association between psoriasis and mood disorders. Patients who have undergone climatotherapy often report beneficial psychological effects after treatment, but this has not yet been studied. To explore the psychosocial impact of climatotherapy, an observational study was designed. Thirty-four participants (median age of 24 years) underwent 3 weeks of treatment in Gran Canaria (Spain) and responded to questionnaires assessing the psychosocial aspects of the disease. Climatotherapy was associated with significantly reduced scores of HADS, PSS-10, PSQ, EQ-VAS, DLQI, and itch intensity at the end of and at 3 months after the end of treatment compared to before treatment onset. The results suggest that climatotherapy not only exerts effects on psoriasis skin disease but also improves symptoms of anxiety, depression, perceived stigmatization, stress, quality of life, self-assessed overall health perception, and itch intensity. The results can be of use in the decision-making process when choosing a suitable treatment for young patients with psoriasis.
Has risk management plan system influenced the speed of package insert revisions in Japan?
Authors: Kameyama Natsuko , Hosaka Aoi , Maeda Hideki
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The system of Risk Management Plan in Japan (J-RMP) is a relatively new system, implemented in 2013; thus, its effect on safety measures is still unclear. One of the purposes of J-RMP is to enhance the postmarketing safety measures to be ensured by publishing J-RMP and sharing information on risk management among healthcare professionals. We hypothesized that this might enable information about postmarketing adverse events to be accumulated rapidly, potentially accelerating the identification of adverse reactions (ARs). Herein, we focused on the speed of adding clinically significant ARs (CSARs) to package inserts (PIs) as an indicator of the rapidity of AR identification, investigated the impact of the J-RMP system on PI revisions.

Methods

We investigated the “Notice of Revision of Precautions” on the website of Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), targeting PI revisions with the addition of CSARs from April 2003 to March 2023, which corresponds to 10 years before and after J-RMP implementation in April 2013. We created an original database from public information of PMDA and investigated the speed of adding CSARs to PIs.

Results

Comparing the time lapse from drug approvals to PI revisions after J-RMP implementation (149 cases) to that before implementation (318 cases), the median value was 32 months for both. Regarding the time lapse when the additional CSARs were listed and unlisted as safety concerns at the time of approvals, it was 35 months vs. 32 months (14 cases vs. 126 cases, p = 0.7820), with no statistically significant difference. Conversely, there were significant differences within each AR and each drug therapeutic category.

Discussion and conclusions

This study revealed that the rapidity of risk identification as ARs was not affected by J-RMP, and it may be affected by the characteristics of each AR and each drug therapeutic category. It is expected that other J-RMP benefits, such as risk prevention before the occurrence, will be utilized to further develop strategies for the effective utilization of the J-RMP for safety measures in Japan.
Large language models in patient education: a scoping review of applications in medicine
Authors: Aydin Serhat , Karabacak Mert , Vlachos Victoria , Margetis Konstantinos
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Large Language Models (LLMs) are sophisticated algorithms that analyze and generate vast amounts of textual data, mimicking human communication. Notable LLMs include GPT-4o by Open AI, Claude 3.5 Sonnet by Anthropic, and Gemini by Google. This scoping review aims to synthesize the current applications and potential uses of LLMs in patient education and engagement.

Materials and methods

Following the PRISMA-ScR checklist and methodologies by Arksey, O’Malley, and Levac, we conducted a scoping review. We searched PubMed in June 2024, using keywords and MeSH terms related to LLMs and patient education. Two authors conducted the initial screening, and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. We employed thematic analysis to address our primary research question.

Results

The review identified 201 studies, predominantly from the United States (58.2%). Six themes emerged: generating patient education materials, interpreting medical information, providing lifestyle recommendations, supporting customized medication use, offering perioperative care instructions, and optimizing doctor-patient interaction. LLMs were found to provide accurate responses to patient queries, enhance existing educational materials, and translate medical information into patient-friendly language. However, challenges such as readability, accuracy, and potential biases were noted.

Discussion

LLMs demonstrate significant potential in patient education and engagement by creating accessible educational materials, interpreting complex medical information, and enhancing communication between patients and healthcare providers. Nonetheless, issues related to the accuracy and readability of LLM-generated content, as well as ethical concerns, require further research and development. Future studies should focus on improving LLMs and ensuring content reliability while addressing ethical considerations.
An updated phylogeography and population dynamics of porcine circovirus 2 genotypes: are they reaching an equilibrium?
Authors: Franzo Giovanni , Tucciarone Claudia Maria , Legnardi Matteo , Drigo Michele , Segalés Joaquim
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) emerged more than three decades ago as one of the most impactful pathogens in the swine industry. Despite being a DNA virus, one of the hallmarks of PCV2 is its high evolutionary rate, which has led to the emergence of different genotypes, each exhibiting varying degrees of evolutionary success. Current knowledge suggests the occurrence of three main waves of genotype dominance, alternating over time (i.e., PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d), alongside less prevalent genotypes. However, although PCV2d is currently the most common genotype nowadays, the others continue being circulating in the pig population.

Methods

The present study reconsidered the epidemiological and evolutionary patterns of PCV2 genotypes using phylodynamic analyses, benefiting from an almost 10-fold increase in ORF2 sequence availability compared to previous studies. Additionally, a phylogeographic analysis was performed to investigate viral dispersal patterns and frequency, and the selective pressures acting on the capsid protein were estimated and compared among genotypes.

Results

While successive emergence of major genotypes was confirmed, this study extends previous findings by revealing subsequent prevalence fluctuations of PCV2a and PCV2b after their initial decline. This evolutionary process may represent an example of balancing selection, specifically negative frequency-dependent selection, where a genotype fitness diminishes as it becomes more common, and vice versa. Variations in genotype- or clade-specific immunity—affected by the local prevalence of viral groups—combined with the periodic introduction of strains that have independently evolved in different regions, may have led to fluctuations in the population dynamics of major genotypes over time. These fluctuations were associated with ongoing evolution and variations in the capsid amino acid profile.

Discussion

These findings have profound implications for future control strategies. Although PCV2d remains the most prevalent and widespread genotype, other genotypes should not be neglected. Control strategies should thus target the entire PCV2 population, with a focus on fostering broader and more cross-protective immunity.