bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOTECNOLOGIA: SEU USO NA FORTIFICAÇÃO DE ALIMENTOS PARA PREVENÇÃO DE CARÊNCIAS NUTRICIONAIS
Authors: Baima Esthella Fernanda Souza , Gonçalves Ana Carolina Cutrim , Monteiro Beatriz Costa , Algarves Jéssica Diene Neres , Oliveira Mayla Alegria Maramaldo , Ono Yuko
Published: October 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: Biotecnologia é o resultado da combinação de sistemas biológicos e da tecnologia, estando presente em várias áreas, como por exemplo na nutrição e na produção de alimentos. Nesta área, a biotecnologia pode ser utilizada principalmente na produção de alimentos mais resistentes às variações climáticas e no melhoramento da qualidade nutricional do alimento. Uma das formas de enriquecimento da qualidade nutricional é a fortificação, na qual ocorre a adição de um ou mais nutrientes com o objetivo de potencializar o valor nutricional e/ou prevenir ou corrigir carências nutricionais. OBJETIVOS: O presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o uso da biotecnologia na fortificação de alimentos para prevenção de carências nutricionais da população. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, na qual foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados online Google Acadêmico, PubMed e na biblioteca eletrônica SciELO. Empregou-se os descritores “fortificação de alimentos”, “food fortification”, “biofortificação de alimentos”, empregando o operador booleano AND. Foram selecionados três artigos que avaliaram as contribuições do uso da biotecnologia na fortificação de alimentos para prevenção de carências nutricionais, entre o ano de 2017 e 2022, na língua portuguesa ou inglesa. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Uma alimentação saudável e equilibrada é uma das maneiras de garantir qualidade de vida, pois é capaz de fornecer macro e micronutrientes que são importantes para o desenvolvimento e manutenção da saúde. Entretanto, por fatores econômicos e sociais uma grande parte da população não tem acesso a uma alimentação adequada, corroborando para ocorrência de deficiências nutricionais. Portanto, as carências nutricionais de micronutrientes, principalmente como ferro e vitamina A, constituem sérios problemas de saúde pública e ocorrem principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento, uma vez que podem acarretar em diversas complicações. Desta maneira, a fortificação é considerada uma estratégia importante para mitigar estas deficiências, esta técnica consiste em adicionar nutrientes essenciais de maior escassez da população às matérias-primas, este método apresenta diversas vantagens como a eficácia em atingir diversos extratos sociais, possuir baixo custo, ser socialmente aceita e apresentar baixa toxicidade. Dentre as fortificações mais utilizadas estão as farinhas enriquecidas com ferro e ácido fólico, leites vegetais ricos em cálcio e ferro e a adição de iodo ao sal de cozinha que contribuiu com a diminuição da incidência de bócio. CONCLUSÃO: Diante do exposto, evidencia-se o uso da biotecnologia na fortificação de alimentos para prevenção de carências nutricionais normalmente encontradas na população. Tal estratégia garante grandes benefícios à população, sendo importante para correção das carências nutricionais e promoção da saúde.
A construção da problemática da pesquisa em educação
Authors: Ribeiro Marinalva Lopes
Published: October 2022

A problemática de uma pesquisa refere-se à seleção e ao ordenamento dos componentes relativos ao foco de determinada investigação. Todavia, essa construção tem sido tarefa desafiadora para estudantes da pós-graduação no momento de estruturarem o projeto de pesquisa. O estudo apresentado com base em pesquisa de delineamento bibliográfico teve por objetivo discutir, de maneira analítica, questões concernentes à formulação da problemática de uma pesquisa em educação. Concluímos que a construção da problemática implica a escolha do tema, a necessidade do uso de linguagem clara e adequada, a elaboração de uma questão geral e de uma questão específica de pesquisa, a delimitação dos objetivos e ou questões. Tal processo permite ao pesquisador iniciante desenvolver sua reflexão, autorreflexão, criação e senso crítico acerca dos conhecimentos produzidos em sua área de interesse, de modo a elucidar as questões da realidade que o inquietam.
Infância e institucionalização: quem são as crianças brasileiras?
Authors: Pinguello Morgado Suzana
Published: October 2022

Temos como objetivo identificar as crianças brasileiras com a intenção de conhecer quem são os sujeitos que compõem a infância brasileira e entender como se consolida o atendimento, sejam elas institucionalizadas ou não. Partimos da investigação materialista de sociedade, história, cultura e economia, tendo como base as categorias marxianas de análise da realidade social e de uma pesquisa bibliográfica para identificar, compreender e analisar nosso objeto de investigação. Identificamos que a marca social entre as crianças das diversas classes é preponderante para seu reconhecimento enquanto sujeito de direitos ou não no decorrer da história da educação no país, inclusive para determinar a existência e forma de atendimento ofertado.
A mercantilização do conhecimento como um movimento em curso na contemporaneidade
Authors: Fernandes de Alencar Anderson , Gadotti Moacir
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho apresenta resultados de tese de doutorado que teve por objetivo analisar as implicações dos movimentos pela mercantilização e democratização do conhecimento na Educação. Apresentamos aqui de que maneira o conhecimento, como bem imaterial, nasce “livre” e vai se tornando uma mercadoria por meio do movimento de mercantilização, que tem atuado, com maior evidência, nas artes (música e cinema), no entretenimento (games), na tecnologia (softwares) e na ciência (literatura científica). Para esta demonstração, perpassamos pela reflexão sobre o conhecimento, a mercadoria, a mercadoria como conhecimento, o histórico desse processo e as suas manifestações concretas em nosso tempo presente, seja por meio de esforços de manutenção do status quo ou da criação de novas mecanismos jurídicos ou tecnologia para a continuidade e ampliação dessa visão de mundo.
Avaliação institucional participativa na educação infantil percursos, desafios e potenciais em uma creche paulistana
Authors: Da Silva Tássio José
Published: October 2022

O debate sobre a qualidade da educação infantil tem ganhado destaque no cenário nacional e internacional a partir de diferentes projetos políticos que disputam, paradoxalmente, concepções bastante distintas de educação infantil, de sociedade e de criança. Diante disso, por meio da análise da experiência paulistana expressa no documento “Indicadores de Qualidade da Educação Infantil Paulistana”, vigente desde 2013, o presente artigo busca problematizar como a Avaliação Institucional Participativa (AIP) vem sendo aplicada nas unidades educacionais e quais os percursos, desafios e potenciais que permeiam o desenvolvimento dessa modalidade de avaliação na Educação Infantil.  As perspectivas teóricas que conduzem estas reflexões se inserem no campo das políticas públicas de avaliação e qualidade da Educação Infantil. Numa abordagem qualitativa, apresentamos uma etnografia realizada no ano de 2018 em um Centro de Educação Infantil da cidade de São Paulo, assumindo como pressuposto basilar o fato de que a implementação de políticas públicas, inevitavelmente, se configura como um dinâmica permeada por tensionamentos e negociações. Todavia, o percurso reflexivo trilhado neste estudo permite-nos afirmar o papel fundamental da AIP para a qualidade da educação infantil, uma vez que promove um movimento contínuo, sistematizado de discussão e materialização do projeto político pedagógico, em diálogo com as diretrizes que orientam a educação infantil no Brasil.
An oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst tuned for hydrogen peroxide generation based on a pseudo-graphite doped with graphitic nitrogen
Authors: Hamal Kailash , Koirala Dipak , May Jeremy , Dalbec Forrest , Nicholas Nolan , Cheng I. Francis
Published: October 2022

The carbon material, GUITAR (pseudo-graphite from the University of Idaho thermolyzed asphalt reaction) can be doped with nitrogen in two prevalent forms. In a previous study N(py)-GUITAR had a predominance of pyridinic and pyrrolic moieties with no graphitic nitrogen. In this study N(g)-GUITAR contains a 9.7 % N atomic abundance, with that fraction consisting of 72.3 % graphitic, 23.7 % pyridinic, and 0 % pyrrolic nitrogen. The two materials allow for the examination of hypotheses regarding the importance of the three different nitrogen moieties in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In the previous investigation, the lack of graphitic nitrogen of N(py)-GUITAR gave a preferred pathway of 4e- ORR to H2O. In this investigation, N(g)-GUITAR gave a 2e- ORR pathway to H2O2. This was elucidated by current efficiency and hydrodynamic voltammetry studies. The high predominance of graphitic nitrogen confirms the hypothesis regarding 2e- vs. 4e- ORR pathways with N-doped carbon materials. N(g)-GUITAR was also evaluated for parasitic pathways for H2O2 production. At -0.95 V vs. Ag/AgCl the combination of current efficiency for H2O2 is 96 % in 0.05 M Na2SO4 with a production rate of 4.9 mg cm-2 h-1, is the highest reported in the literature. This indicates possibilities for water purification and treatment applications, which require 10 to 250 mg L-1, depending on conditions.
EXHIBITIONS DEDICATED TO COMMUNIST
POLAND IN POLISH MUSEUMS IN
1989–2017 FROM A QUANTITATIVE
(STATISTICAL) PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Wąchała-Skindzier Maria
Published: October 2022

The objective of the research was a survey
identification of the presence of the history of Communist
Poland, PRL, in museum narrative in 1989–2017. Importantly,
this is a repeated, supplemented, and more thorough research
versus the one presented in the paper ‘PRL in Museum
Narrative over the Last 25 Years’ published in 2014 in the
Światowid. Rocznik Muzeum PRL-u (w organizacji) periodical.
The research discussed in the present paper forms part of
a doctoral dissertation, constituting the research’s second stage.
As a result of the conducted research based on survey
answers provided by museums and on individual research
a database containing 642 exhibitions was created. When
processing the data, quantitative analysis was adopted. After
data cleaning the following statistical trends were analysed:
exhibition duration over the whole research period, percentage
of leading themes, percentage of themes in respective cities.
The conducted analysis has permitted to observe trends
in museum narrative concerning PRL. Also the most popular
exhibition duration over the research period has been
identified (up to two years and permanent exhibitions).
The most popular categories have been named: art history,
political history, history of everyday life. Three groups of urban
centres where museum narrative is present to a varied degree
have been named. The fourth group contains cities in whose
museums the topic of PRL has not been tackled over the last
28 years, or such projects cannot be reliably confirmed.
Associating Synchronous and Asynchronous Remote Teaching Formats with Student Situational Interest and Motivation
Authors: Simmermeyer Elizabeth , Walsh Stefanie , Karcher Elizabeth
Published: October 2022

In response to the global COVID-19 pandemic, instructors across the world faced the uncertainty and challenge of retaining student engagement after transitioning from face-to-face to emergency remote instruction. Yet, few studies have evaluated student interest and motivation in the various learning formats during emergency remote learning conditions. The current study examines student situational interest and situational motivation with three emergency remote teaching formats. In Fall 2020, a previously face-to-face introductory animal science course was taught fully-remote. Each week, students participated in a 50-minute synchronous lecture (SLec), 50 minutes of asynchronous lecture (ALec), and a 70-minute synchronous lab (Lab). We assessed situational interest and situational motivation in SLec, Alec, and Lab during weeks 6 and 10. Using linear mixed effects modeling, students demonstrated greater situational interest, attention demand, instant enjoyment, novelty, and total interest in SLec and Lab compared with ALec. Intrinsic motivation was higher and external regulation was lower in Lab and SLec compared with ALec. Students reported greater amotivation and decreased identified regulation with the ALec compared with Lab. Our results, although limited to one course, suggest that synchronous remote formats are associated with greater student interest and intrinsic motivation compared with asynchronous formats.
2021 Food Symposium Adapting to Pandemic Challenges: An International Collaboration
Authors: Bampasidou Maria
Published: October 2022

Higher education (HE) institutions continuously evolve to meet the needs of students, faculty, and staff to grow as global citizens. The recent pandemic put academic and research programs in stress. International partnerships and collaborations had to adapt to allow existing efforts to continue with many functions shifting to online. However, documentation of efforts and good practices, an indisputable part of the process is sparce or anecdotal. This paper presents information on the LSU – Mendel partnership and how the jointly organized virtual Food Symposium 2021 provided an opportunity for the two universities to adapt and strengthen existing collaborations during the pandemic. We discuss the programmatic efforts highlighting the importance of the strategic partnership and document interest and participation in the symposium. A total of 302 attended the symposium, of which 76% were students. The symposium brought together scientists working on food-related areas including food safety and security, food waste, food production, and nutrition. Moreover, the symposium provided cultural exchange opportunities to students and faculty alike during the pandemic. This case study serves as a reference to a successful US-Central EU HE institution partnership and demonstrates strategic decision making and adjustments undertaken during the pandemic to adapt to the ‘New Normal’.
Case Study: Introductory Student Onboarding With a Place-Based, Blended Welcome Tour
Authors: Erickson MaryGrace , Wattieaux Michel
Published: October 2022

Many introductory students face challenges adjusting to new geographic, social, and cultural contexts involved in their course of study, yet the extent of a student’s integration and “sense of place” in an academic environment is associated with their performance and persistence toward related goals. This case study describes a place-based blended learning activity we created in ArcGIS StoryMaps (https://storymaps.arcgis.com/) to acclimatize students to the novel environment of an introductory animal sciences course during the first week of the semester. Using an embedded mixed-method design, this activity combines two complementary sources of data: 1) a qualitative personal account of activity design and implementation during the fall 2020 and fall 2021 semesters, and 2) an embedded quantitative survey of student learning outcomes and perceptions of the activity in the fall 2021 semester. Qualitative results illustrated instructional design choices related to the course context and instructional constraints and illuminated potential modifications to the activity’s collaborative and assessment elements. Quantitative results on a 5-pt. anchored scale suggested that the activity was very effective at orienting students to the course’s geographic context (M = 4.0, SD = 0.9), moderately effective at facilitating social bonding (M = 3.5, SD = 1.1), and moderately effective at increasing historical-cultural awareness related to the department (M = 3.2, SD = 1.3). Our results indicated that blended, place-based learning served as an effective onboarding activity in the context of our course.
Remdesivir: a strategy to confront the COVID-19 virus
Authors: Bessa Grasiela , Castro Michele Alcântara de , Santos Ramila Barbosa Ferreira dos , Pinto Murillo de Sousa , Moraes Filho Aroldo Vieira de
Published: October 2022

December 2019, a new type of coronavirus was found to have emerged and the World Health Organization declared a state of public health emergency. In view of this Remdesivir was pointed out in many countries as a possible candidate for the treatment of Sars-Cov-2. Given these assumptions, this paper aims to highlight the current evidence on the mechanism of action of this drug in cells infected with COVID-19 through a literature review. Remdesivir is defined as a nucleoside analog prodrug substituted with 10-cyano. Its main function is to inhibit viral replication by competing with endogenous nucleotides for viral RNA incorporation. In a randomized double-blind study, intravenous Remdesivir had no efficacy on time to clinical improvement, mortality, or time to viral clearance in patients with severe COVID-19. In another study patients who received Remdesivir had a 10-day faster recovery compared to those who received placebo. It is concluded that one study was able to satisfactorily demonstrate the use of Remdesivir in patients with COVID-19, as patients had a short recovery time compared to placebo. However, more studies are needed to prove the efficacy of the drug in combating coronavirus.
Changes in the stomatognathic system in face of COVID-19 - an integrative review
Authors: Taques Luana , Bortoluzzi Marcelo Carlos , Karpinski Bruna Carla , Brigola Sabrina , Mattos Jéssica Cristina de , Rodachinski Paulyne
Published: October 2022

The oral cavity is closely related to SARS-CoV-2 due to the high concentration of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors. In addition, the infection and its associated therapies contribute to the manifestation of oral changes in different cases. The purpose of this research was to conduct a review regarding the possible changes that SARS-CoV-2 causes in the stomatognathic system. The methodology used was an integrative literature review, guided by the research question developed by the PICO strategy. The results showed that the main oral changes associated with COVID-19 are disorders of taste and smell, followed by dry mouth or hyposalivation and ulcerations. Several oral manifestations have been observed, however, there is not enough evidence to determine a causal relationship with infection or SARS-CoV-2. It is important that health professionals are aware of dysgeusia and hyposmia as the first sign of COVID-19.
Spectrum and net counts rates of ambient low energy (0.2-10.0) MeV gamma rays in São Jose dos Campos in Brazil region
Authors: Martin Inacio Malmonge
Published: October 2022

The measurement of the energy spectrum of environmental gamma radiation in the region of São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, can indicate the radioactive chemical components existing in the land and air of this region. The portion of this radiation produced by primary and secondary cosmic rays are of lower intensities and vary very little with respect to time on the Earth's surface. Winds and rains also vary the intensity of this gamma radiation near the earth's surface through the exhalation of radon gas. Using a gamma radiation spectrometer calibrated between the lower limit of 180 keV and the upper limit of 10.0 MeV, it was possible to determine these counts as a function of measurement time in this region.
Higher order arithmetic sequences and applications
Authors: Chagas Jhon Kenedy Moura , Rocha Josimar da Silva
Published: October 2022

In everyday life it is common to deal with some situations that involve the need to determine a general rule to describe them. To help in the description of phenomena that involve quantities that can be expressed in terms of polynomial functions, there is a need to find instruments that facilitate obtaining such polynomial functions from the data analyzed in the process. An easy way to obtain polynomial functions from a sequence of real numbers is through the study of Higher Order Arithmetic Sequences. If the sequence obtained from the data collected through an experiment is polynomial, then this sequence is called an arithmetic sequence of order k, where k is the degree of the polynomial. With the study of higher order arithmetic sequences it is possible to obtain from a sequence of real numbers both the formula that describes this sequence and the formula for the sum of the first n terms of this sequence. With this, we will be able to obtain general formulas that allow us to obtain an estimate for the behavior of different phenomena. Thus, through the bibliographic survey, consulting the reference [1], the research project began with weekly meetings.
Complex and transdisciplinary analysis of the bolivian maritime enclaustration
Authors: Quezada Karina Vera , Conde Dorian Ariel Arce
Published: October 2022

Within the policies and strategies to seek a sovereign exit to the sea of Bolivia, from the dialogic perspective is the Historiology that becomes the strategic analysis of history that differs from the Historiography that deals with the historical chronology, for that reason In this article, an analysis from complexity is developed to make known about the policy and strategy that Bolivia should employ in the maritime issue, taking a complex and transdisciplinary perspective, analyzing the multidimensionality of options and therefore it can be said that, "Chile does not it is the only way in which Bolivia could converge to gain access to a port and maritime coasts ". For this reason, for the present analysis, according to (Cruz Barreiro, 2009) Morín explained that: it will be necessary to consider that the human being is at the same time physical, biological, psychological, cultural, social and historical and this complex unit of human nature that it is disintegrated and must be restored in such a way that from where it is, it becomes aware and conscious of its complex identity and its common identity to all other humans. Throughout the last decades, the conditions of international policy exposed by the state of Bolivia were more aggressive and had an impact at the international level, such is the case of the lawsuit before the Hague to force the Chilean state to negotiate that allow a sovereign exit to the Pacific Ocean. (Morin & Le Moigne, The intelligence of complexity Epistemology and Pragmatics, 2006) referred to the following: "As Pascal said, you have to conceive the circular relationship: you cannot know the parts if you do not know the whole, nor you can know the whole without knowing the parts. The notion of organization becomes capital because, through the reorganization of the parts into a whole, emergent qualities appear and inhibited ones disappear ". Then it will be necessary to reconnect this politics from multiple notions of order, disorder, organization and to recognize the problems of irreducibility and indeducibility of complex relationships existing between the parts and the whole to later unite the notion of unity with that of plurality or diversity and in this way, they come together in probable agreements. Because it does not have a state policy that integrates the different levels of leadership and power factors through a multidisciplinary defense with an integrated approach to the dimensions of power, the approach made by Bolivia was not adequate from what can be said. that, the court's decision was not the expected one, which had an impact on social morality due to the expectations that had been created, therefore, this article makes a complex analysis from a multidimensional perspective, giving way to a way of knowledge capable of apprehending objects in their contexts and at the same time in a set, gathering and organizing dispersed knowledge and in this way showing the indissoluble union between unity and diversity and all that is human
SISTEM MONITORING KETINGGIAN AIR DAN PENGENDALIAN PINTU AIR BERBASIS MICROCONTROLLER NODECODE MCU ESP8266
Authors: Ramadhan Tryan Fitra , Triono Wahyu
Published: October 2022

Indonesia merupakan sebuah negara dengan jumlah kepulauan terbanyak yang ada di dunia. Sebagai negara yang memiliki curah hujan tinggi, Indonesia menjadi sangat rentan sekali dengan bencana banjir. Bendungan adalah bangunan melintang sungai yang berfungsi untuk meninggikan muka air sungai, selain itu pemanfaatan bendungan untuk keperluan sektor-sektor yang menyangkut terhadap kebutuhan air seperti pembangkit tenaga listrik ataupun sistem irigasi sawah ataupun perkebunan. Bendungan juga dilengkapi dengan pintu air yang dapat dioperasikan buka dan tutup secara bertahap ataupun secara terus-menerus guna kepentingan sesuai kebutuhan. Sering terjadi masalah di bendungan antara lain adalah lalainya petugas dalam mengontrol sistem buka tutup pintu air pada bendungan, kurang efisiennya sistem karena masih secara manual, dan jangkauan petugas dengan lokasi pintu air memerlukan waktu. Alat yang digunakan yaitu water level sensor berfungsi sebagai alat pendeteksi ketinggian air, selain itu juga ada modul ESP8266 sebagai Wi-Fi yang berfungsi menghubungkan microcontroller ke web untuk mengirim hasil deteksi dari sensor water level. Pembuatan skripsi ini dilakukan dengan merancang, membuat dan mengimplementasikan komponen-komponen sistem meliputi modul ESP8266 sebagai pengendali utama, sensor water level sebagai sensor yang akan mendeteksi ketinggian air. Dan juga merancangan sebuah aplikasi yang akan digunakan untuk menampilkan nilai sensor (water level). Rancangan yang dibuat berupa prototype yang diharapkan dapat dikembangkan dikemudian hari.
APLIKASI QUIZ DENGAN KONSEP GAMIFICATION BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN RUBY ON RAILS & REACT.JS
Authors: Juliansyah Fajar , Utomo Suharjanto , Rachmanto Ariawan , Budiarto Samsul
Published: October 2022

Perkembangan technology ICT telah berdampak terhadap perkembangan industri games, yang membuat para pendidik semakin kreatif dalam mendesain proses pembelajarannya. Beberapa perancang games telah mempelajari lebih dalam tentang ilmu psikologi atau ilmu lain yang mempelajari motivasi dan perilaku manusia. Gamification adalah pendekatan pembelajaran menggunakan elemen-elemen di dalam game atau video game dengan tujuan memotivasi para mahasiswa dalam proses pembelajaran dan memaksimalkan perasaan enjoy dan engagement terhadap proses pembelajaran tersebut, selain itu, media ini dapat digunakan untuk menangkap hal-hal yang menarik minat mahasiswa dan menginspirasinya untuk terus melakukan pembelajaran. Foursquare, SimCity dan Kahoot, mewakili gamified sistem yang menggabungkan pengguna dengan geo-location.[1] Karena syarat gamifikasi, harus mengandung fitur Point, Badges, Levels, Leaderboards, Challenges, Rewards, OnBoarding, dan Engagement loops. Dalam proses pembelajaran menggunakan gamifikasi, memberikan alternative untuk membuat proses belajar lebih menarik, menyenangkan dan efektif. Walaupun menggunakan mekanika permainan, menerapkan gamifikasi tidak selalu harus membuat sebuah games, tetapi bagaimana membuat pembelajaran lebih menyenangkan, membangun engagement dengan tanpa disadari oleh para pembelajar.
Digital Twin for Underground Stations : Improving Decision Making for Construction Lifecycle
Authors: Huang Mengqi , Ninic Jelena , Zhang Qianbing
Published: October 2022

Challenges in the extraction and use of earth resources and spaces are encountered given a growing worldwide population, rising infrastructures development, and widespread climate change. In Australia, mining and construction are two major bases for economic growth while both being traditional hazardous and heavy industries. A nation-wide infrastructure upgrade featuring large-scale underground development is underway, the geological uncertainties and localisation difficulties of already laid infrastructure are associated with challenges not seen in building construction. A safer and competent subterranean transport solution is yet proposed in the context of sustainable developments. In light of this, geotechnical analysis as a fundamental subject for developing and maintaining safe and sustainable use of underground space has huge potential to be undertaken more intuitively considering the advancements in information management and visualisation. The PhD work examines the state-of-the-art applications, limitations and future opportunities of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and other computational techniques in the digitisation of tunnelling and underground construction. The visualisation and interoperability facilitated by data-driven processes are especially important to underground construction that engages interdisciplinary and multi-environment interaction.
مضامين جدلية في طبيعة السلوك الإجرامي
Authors: سبعاوي دكتور مجيد خضر
Published: October 2022

يتسع البحث لتسليط الضوء على طبيعة السلوك بوصفه عنصر مهم في تكوين الركن المادي ومن بعدالجريمة برمتها ويمثل العنصر الأبرز والأهم في هذا البنيان ، وهو في سياق ذلك يثير تساؤلات وتجاذباتفي الفقه الجنائي وفي القضاء بل حتى بين التشريعات الجزائية ، من حيث صلاحية السلوك مهما كانتطبيعته لبلوغ النتيجة الجرمية وتحقيق المسؤولية الجزائية ، ولا يهم ان يكون سلوكاً ذا طبيعة مادية اومعنوية أو ان يكون سلوكاً ايجابياً أو سلبياً ، ويزداد الأمر صعوبة في حالات دقيقة يختلط فيها السلوكبطبيعته القانونية مع عناصر لا يهتم لها في الغالب المشرع الجزائي ، مثل الأداة والطريقة والوسيلة ونحوذلك .
Automated Classification of Selected Philippine Wood Species Using Image Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Mendoza Rosalie , Jacildo Arian , Madrid Val Randolf , Mercado Rizza , Romano Arlene , Cantalejo Anne Patricia , Urriza Lyka Mae , Daracan Vivian , Manalo Ronniel
Published: October 2022

This research aimed to address the need of the wood-based sector for a straightforward, rapid, and reliable wood identification tool. This sector includes agencies like the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, wood processing plants, and state universities and colleges. A model using artificial neural networks was developed to automatically perform image- based identification of 20 selected Philippine wood species. It banks on a progressive database containing numerous macroscopic transverse section images taken from authentic samples of the species included in this study. The model has an F1 score of 87.9%. A system usability survey (SUS) was performed to assess the effectiveness of the web application by deploying it to stakeholders who are engaged in wood identification. The SUS results showed that majority of the respondents rated the web application as either good or excellent. An average of 75.6 SUS score or a grade of “B” (good and acceptable) was obtained from the responses received. All 27 respondents indicated that they would recommend the application to other users. For future directions, inclusion of additional species for identification is recommended, given the fact that there are hundreds of species in the Philippines. This will strengthen the capability of the application to have a more precise and accurate wood identification result. Furthermore, the creation of a mobile application and an offline version of this wood identification app will be taken into consideration.
First Report of Possible Shark Predation on an Irrawaddy Dolphin, Orcaella brevirostris (Owen in Grey 1866) in the Philippines
Authors: de la Paz Manuel Eduardo , Hisu-an Jozette , Bais Carlo , Atienza Monica Marie , de la Cruz Dhorlyn , Dolar Ma. Louella
Published: October 2022

This report describes the first documented incident of a possible shark predation on an Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) in the Philippines. The incident happened in Guimaras Strait, one of the four known habitats of Irrawaddy dolphins in the country. We list three possible shark species that may have attacked the dolphin: great white shark (Carcharodon carcharius), tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier), and bull shark (Carcharinus leucas). Triangular cuts on the bite wound and a similar habitat shared between Irrawaddy dolphins and bull sharks suggest the latter to be the likely predator. This information contributes to our knowledge of natural threats that contribute to the reduction of the population of this critically endangered species.
Chemical Composition and Bioactive Properties of Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh and Its Potential for Pharmaceutical Application
Authors: Arguelles Eldrin , Sapin Arsenia
Published: October 2022

Seaweeds are known sources of marine bioactive substances with diverse biological activities important in the synthesis of medically important novel drugs. The proximate and elemental compositions as well as bioactive properties of a brown macroalga, Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh, were studied. Results showed that proximate composition of S. aquifolium contain high carbohydrate (32.29 ± 0.17%) and ash (30.19 ± 0.14%) content. Elemental composition of the seaweed exhibited a decreasing order of Na > Ca > K > Mg > Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd. The seaweed had a total phenolic content (TPC) of 5.74 ± 0.04 mg GAE/g. Antioxidant activities of S. aquifolium were characterized by having potent ABTS+ [2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid)] scavenging activity and high copper reduction capacity with IC50 value of 107 μg/mL and 21.01 μg/mL respectively. Evaluation of tyrosinase and elastase inhibition activities showed that S. aquifolium extract has potent inhibition activities with IC50 of 39.00 μg/mL and IC50 of 231.00 μg/mL, respectively – more effective than kojic acid and tocopherol. In addition, in vitro assessment of α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition property showed that S. aquifolium extract has potent inhibitory activity as compared to acarbose (standard anti-diabetic drug) with IC50 of 15.60 and 59.0 μg/mL, respectively. Also, the S. aquifolium extract exhibited effective antimicrobial activities against bacterial pathogens such as penicillin acylase-producing Bacillus cereus (MIC = 125 μg/mL), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (MIC = 250 μg/mL), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (MIC = 250 μg/mL), Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC = 250 μg/ mL), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 500 μg/mL). The current investigation is a pioneering study in the Philippines that shows the potential of S. aquifolium as novel source of bioactive compounds with important use for pharmaceutical applications.
Transformational Leadership Style and Teacher Job Satisfaction in Shanghai, China
Authors: Lihua Sun
Published: October 2022

Education has a critical role in supporting the growth of the knowledge, abilities, attitudes, and values that allow individuals to contribute to and benefit from a sustainable and inclusive future. In the coming years, it will be essential to be able to develop clear and purposeful objectives, interact with persons who have multiple points of view, unearth unrealized opportunities, and discover a variety of solutions to difficult problems. Consequently, it is essential that leaders at all levels play a significant role if the nation is to achieve its stated aim. This study highlights the significance of transformational leadership styles among China's secondary school leaders and administrators. This study suggested a methodology for measuring the significance of four leadership dimensions, namely charismatic leadership, individual consideration, intellectual stimulation, and inspirational leadership, in relation to the transformational leadership style. In addition, the study investigates the effect of transformational leadership methods on job satisfaction. By analyzing the links between the numerous variables and employing the Style theory, this proposed framework would be able to assess China's secondary education system and its performance. Notably, this framework can be utilized as a comprehensive technique for assessing school system performance and addressing education problems and issues, and it is essential for constructing the blueprint for China's educational pathway.
ESWL as a method for kidney decompression in treatment of ureteral calculi during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors:   Department of Urology and Nephrology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Hristov Konstantin , Petrov Petar ,   Department of Urology and Nephrology, Clinic of Endourology and SWL Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Gatsev Ognyan ,   Department of Urology and Nephrology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Todorova Viktoria ,   Department of Urology and Nephrology, Clinic of Endourology and SWL Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Petkova Kremena ,   Department of Urology and Nephrology, Clinic of Endourology and SWL Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Saltirov Iliya ,   Department of Urology and Nephrology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia
Published: October 2022

Introduction and objective: The application of ESWL in treatment of ureteral calculi is to achieve kidney desobstruction with minimal pain, aiming to reduce the need of analgesia and hospital stay. In times of Covid-19 pandemic by reducing the hospital stay, patients have less contacts and it is more safe for them from an epidemiological point of view. The objective of our study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ESWL as a method of kidney desobstruction caused of ureteral calculi during Covid-19 pandemic. Material and methods: A retrospectively collected database of 77 patients, who underwent ESWL for ureteral stones between February 2020 and January 2022 in the Clinic of Endourology and SWL, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria, was reviewed. Data on patients’ preoperative characteristics, stone-free rates, complications and auxiliary procedures were analyzed. Results: Patients’ mean age was 49.1±12.8 years and male-to-female ratio – 75.3%/24.7%. Mean stone length was 6.5±2 mm and mean stone width was 4.5±1.5 mm. Fifty-two (n=52, 67.5%) of the cases were with stones located in the proximal ureter, in the middle ureter (n=14, 18.2%) and in the distal ureter (n=11, 14.3%). Preoperative drainage with ureteral stent was completed in 13 cases (16.9%). Mean hospital stay was 1.28 days Mean number of SWL hits was 3527±692. Full stone disintegration was observed in 55 patients (71.4%) and partial disintegration was observed in 22 patients (28.6%). Eight (36.4%) of the patients with partial disintegration of the stone needed another ESWL, in 2 (9%) people was performed RIRS afterward and 8 cases (36.4%) required performing an URS at a later stage. Conclusions: The ESWL as a method of treatment in ureteral calculi has good success rate. With the short hospital stay, it is an appropriate method for times of Covid-19 pandemic. However in some cases, invasive endourological operations such as ureteroscopy could not be avoided in order to be achieved full kidney desobstruction. Key words: extracorporeal lithotripsy, ureteral stones, Covid 19
NO PRINCÍPIO ERA O SÍNODO
Authors: Bogaz Antonio Sagrado , Hansen João Henrique
Published: October 2022

A proposta do Papa Francisco, em vistas de uma renovação eclesial e eclesiástica, para construir um caminho sinodal para a Igreja, soou como uma grande novidade e até despertou críticas de alguns setores da Igreja e da Teologia, habituados que são a uma concepção de Igreja profundamente hierárquica, cristalizada em suas estruturas e pouco participativa. Esta realidade herdada dos séculos de nossa história, ocorre sobretudo nas esferas laicais, mas também nas normativas institucionais. Entretanto, podemos considerar que a Igreja é sinodal desde suas origens e as formas de conduzir sua evangelização, celebração e decisões sempre testemunharam o “caminhar juntos”, incluindo suas questões organizacionais e celebrativas. Para iluminar a renovação eclesial dentro do propósito da sinodalidade, procuramos buscar as formas conceituais deste estilo de ser Igreja. Na sequência, resgatamos as formas relacionais e participativas dos cristãos, compreendendo suas funções e vocações ministeriais. Compreendendo melhor a genuína comunhão e participação dos cristãos dos primeiros séculos, teremos mais fundamentos e experiências para renovar nossa Igreja de nossos tempos dentro do espírito sinodal.
Die Dual-Process-Perspektive in der interdisziplinären Handlungstheorie: Stand und Perspektiven
Authors: Tutić Andreas
Published: October 2022

Es wird die These entwickelt, dass die neue soziologische Handlungstheorie, die neuen Theorien der begrenzten Rationalität und der Dual-Process-Ansatz in der Kognitions- und Sozialpsychologie auf ein einheitliches Modell in der interdisziplinären Handlungstheorie konvergieren. Demnach lässt sich menschliches Handeln über die Interaktion zweier Selbste erklären. Das erste Selbst agiert autonom, schnell, beruht auf Assoziationen, seine Aktivität ist dem Entscheider nicht bewusst und es involviert nicht das Arbeitsgedächtnis. Das zweite Selbst unterliegt der Kontrolle, operiert langsam, prozessiert Kalküle, seine Aktivität ist dem Entscheider bewusst und es involviert das Arbeitsgedächtnis. Die Interaktion der zwei Selbste erklärt das Handeln; die Definition der Situation beeinflusst die Interaktion der zwei Selbste. Der Beitrag skizziert die Grundideen dieses einheitlichen Modells vor dem Hintergrund allgemeiner methodologischer Erwägungen zur Handlungstheorie, zeigt auf, wie damit Anomalien der Rational-Choice-Theorie prinzipiell erklärt werden können und formuliert eine axiomatische Charakterisierung einer entsprechenden Entscheidungsprozedur in Termen beobachtbaren Handelns.
Are first jobs in the German public sector more stable? An examination under consideration of the institutional structure
Authors: Löwe Paul Severin
Published: October 2022

In recent decades, Germany has turned away from regular employment for the non-established, with employment entrance becoming the most insecure phase of a career. The public-sector employment regime, with its specific institutional setting, has been seen as a "model employer” for disadvantaged groups, but reforms and restructuring are increasingly calling this special status over the private-sector into question. This article examines whether the public sector provides more stable employment for entrants than the private sector. It is investigated whether the institutional structure of the public sector positively influences employment stability. In a decomposition-analysis, it tests potentially stabilizing (working in a service relationship, high occupational closure, participation in further education) and destabilizing institutional factors (fixed-term and part-time employment) to explain the stability of first jobs in the public sector. Using the labour market entry cohorts 1995 to 2012 of the retrospective life history data of the Starting Cohort six of the National Education Panel Study (NEPS). The results show that the public sector is offering more stable first jobs, and stabilizing factors, like further education are influential. However, destabilizing factors, like the intensive use of fixed-term contracts, have a significant negative impact. This suggests that the stabilising institutional structure of the public sector, while functioning, is under pressure and thus offers potential for polarisation.
Für einen rollentheoretisch informierten Blick auf die ‚Organisationsgesellschaft‘
Authors: Ringel Leopold , Werron Tobias
Published: October 2022

Der Beitrag schlägt vor, die an Individuen entwickelte soziologische Rollentheorie für die Analyse wechselseitiger Beziehungen zwischen Organisation und Gesellschaft zu nutzen. Wir begründen diese Perspektive konzeptionell und führen zentrale Begriffe der Rollentheorie ein; anschließend illustrieren wir die Vorzüge einer rollentheoretisch informierten Perspektive auf Organisation-Gesellschaft-Beziehungen am Beispiel der sozialwissenschaftlichen Rankingforschung. Unsere Analyse zeigt, dass in diesem empirischen Zusammenhang (1) zwei Rollenangebote mit je unterschiedlichen Verhaltenserwartungen an Organisationen herangetragen werden: die Rolle ‚Ranker‘ und die Rolle ‚Gerankter‘. Zugleich wird deutlich, dass Organisationen über spezifische Kapazitäten verfügen, um (2) diese Rollenangebote zu übernehmen sowie (3) diese auf vielfältige Weise zu interpretieren und mit anderen Rollen zu kombinieren. Schließlich weisen wir (4) auf Spannungen zwischen verschiedenen Rollenerwartungen (Intra-Rollenkonflikte) sowie mehreren Rollen (Inter-Rollenkonflikte) hin. Abschließend stellen wir programmatische Forschungsfragen vor, die dazu anregen, das Verhältnis zwischen Organisation und Gesellschaft als genuin beidseitige Beziehung zu verstehen, rollentheoretisch zu spezifizieren und empirisch zu erforschen.
Gesellschaftliche Wirkung organisationaler Re-Kombinationen. Die Neuausrichtung von Gewerkschaften und Genossenschaften jenseits der Mitglie- dervertretung
Authors: Besio Cristina , Meyer Uli
Published: October 2022

Die organisationssoziologische Forschung zeigt, dass Organisationen zentrale Orte des Umgangs mit heterogenen Rationalitäten sind. So berücksichtigen heute etwa Unternehmen neben ökonomischen regelmäßig auch politische oder moralische Anforderungen. Wir zeigen, dass solche Prozesse weit über die Organisationsgrenzen hinaus wirken und an Relevanz gewinnen. Im Sinne der Hyperorganisation beobachten wir, dass Organisationen in nahezu allen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen vermehrt zur Gestaltung sozialer Ordnung beitragen. Unsere These ist, dass angesichts der Komplexität und des schnellen Wandels moderner Gesellschaft dabei solche Organisationen hohe Wirkung entfalten, die besonders fähig sind, heterogene Anforderungen produktiv zu rekombinieren und diese nach außen überzeugend zu vermitteln. Wir demonstrieren unsere These an zwei Fällen: die Wirkung, die Energiegenossenschaften durch ihre Re-kombination von ökonomischen und ökologischen Anliegen auf die Energiewende ausüben und die Rolle von Gewerkschaften in der gegenwärtigen Debatte um eine Industrie 4.0 bzw. Arbeit 4.0. Beide untersuchten Organisationsformen sind älteren Datums und können traditionell durch Einbezug verschiedener Mitgliedergruppen heterogene Anliegen systematisch knüpfen. Grundlegend erneuert treten sie heute in umkämpften Transformationsprozessen als Akteure auf, die jenseits der Interessen ihrer Mitglieder für das Gemeinwohl eintreten. Dies verleiht ihnen hohe Legitimität und Deutungsmacht. Anhand dieser Fälle verdeutlichen wir, dass die Fähigkeit von Organisationen, heterogene und scheinbar unvereinbare Rationalitäten zu vermitteln, heute ein zentrales Element der Organisationsgesellschaft ist.
transparency reloaded. Über Transparenz als Erwartung in der Organisationsgesellschaft
Authors: Gibel Roman , Nyfeler Judith
Published: October 2022

Transparenz hat gesellschaftlich an Bedeutung gewonnen und vor allem Organisationen sehen sich in der Pflicht, diesen Erwartungen gerecht zu werden. Im Fokus dieses Beitrags steht der an Organisationen gerichtete, zunehmende Anspruch der Transparenz. Anhand zweier empirischer Fälle wird analysiert, wie Organisationen auf diese Erwartungen reagieren. Indem wir zwischen vier Arten von Transparenz unterscheiden, Transparenz, Intransparenz, Enthüllung und Nicht-Transparenz, zeigen wir, dass die gesteigerte Erwartung von Transparenz Organisation in der Unsicherheitsabsorption behindert. Aus diesem Grund ist die Erfüllung von Transparenzansprüchen für Organisationen ein Problem. Stattdessen bedienen sich Organisationen nebst hinreichend bekannter Darstellung technischer und quantifizierter Kennzahlen, der symbolischen Darstellung, die selektiert und kuratiert erfolgt. Abschliessend werden Effekte der organisationalen Realisierung für die Organisationsgesellschaft diskutiert, die einerseits zu einer Stärkung der gesellschaftlichen Transparenzerwartung beitragen, andererseits in variantenreichen und manchmal konträren Realisierungen dieser Erwartungen resultieren.