bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perspectives toward biosimilars among oncologists: A Malaysian survey
Authors: Chong Soon Cien , Rajah Retha , Chow Poh Lee , Tan Hsio Ching , Chong Chin Man , Khor Kar Yee , Lee Wan Ping , Tan Wan Ying
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Biosimilars confer significant cost-saving advantages and expand patients’ access to biologic therapies in cancer care. In line with the increasing availability of antineoplastic biosimilars, it is pertinent to understand the oncologists’ view on the adoption of biosimilars in their clinical practice. The study aimed to assess (i) the prevalence of biosimilar use, (ii) perception towards biosimilars, (iii) factors influencing the use of biosimilars and (iv) knowledge about biosimilars among Malaysian oncologists.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among clinical oncologists and medical oncologists in Malaysia between January 2020 and February 2021 using a structured 31-item questionnaire.

Results

Among the 121 oncologists registered in the country, 36 responded (response rate  =  30%). A total of 64% of the respondents prescribed biosimilars either often or always. Most oncologists (72%) agreed or strongly agreed that switching will not have a significant effect on the treatment benefit, with lower percentages saying that they agreed or strongly agreed that it will not lead to the emergence of additional adverse effects (56%) or harmful immunogenicity (64%). Patients’ preferences (40%) and the non-availability of biosimilars in hospitals (34%) are the major barriers cited to the prescribing of biosimilars. Cost differences and robust pharmacovigilance activities are the two most important factors that would influence the prescribing of biosimilars. The mean score of knowledge in biosimilar among respondents was 3.81 (± 0.86) out of a maximum possible score of 6.

Conclusions

The identified gap in prescribing and the use of biosimilars among Malaysian oncologists warrant educational intervention and robust pharmacovigilance activities to facilitate the prescribing of biosimilars and ultimately increase the accessibility to biologics in cancer treatment.
Paraphilic Interests Versus Behaviors: Factors that Distinguish Individuals Who Act on Paraphilic Interests From Individuals Who Refrain
Authors: Molen Lauryn Vander , Ronis Scott T. , Benoit Aryn A.
Published: June 2022

Little is known about distinct factors linked with acting on paraphilic interests or refraining from engaging in paraphilic behaviors. Participants from Canada and the United States ( N = 744), aged 19–42 years ( M = 29.2; SD = 3.18), were recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Participants completed questionnaires about their paraphilic interests and behaviors, as well as potential key factors linked to behavioral engagement (i.e., perceptions of consent, sexual excitation/inhibition, impulsivity, moral disengagement, empathy). Results indicated that higher moral disengagement and impulsivity, lower sexual control (i.e., high sexual excitation, low sexual inhibition), and maladaptive understandings of consent were best able to differentiate individuals who reported highly stigmatized (e.g., hebephilia, pedophilia, coprophilia) or Bondage and Dicipline, Dominance and Submission, Sadism and Masochism(BDSM)/Fetish paraphilic interests and engagement in the paraphilic behaviours associated with these interests relative to individuals who did not report such paraphilic interests or behaviors. Moreover, higher moral disengagement, impulsivity, and maladaptive perceptions of consent were best able to differentiate non-consensual paraphilic interests and behaviours (e.g., voyeurism, exhibitionism) compared to individuals who did not report these paraphilic interests or behaviours. These results provide future directions for the exploration of mechanisms that may contribute to engagement in paraphilic behaviors and may be targets for intervention aimed at preventing engagement in potentially harmful paraphilias.
Subtenon triamcinolone injection to treat serous choroidal detachment after glaucoma surgery: A case series
Authors: Nilforushan Naveed , Abolfathzadeh Navid , Najafzadeh Farhad , Samimifar Deniz
Published: June 2022

Purpose

To report the effect of subtenon triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injection in the treatment of serous choroidal detachment (SCD) after glaucoma surgery.

Methods

In this prospective case series, patients with persistent, non-resolving, or progressive SCD after glaucoma surgery were enrolled. For those with non-resolving or progressive SCD despite of using systemic corticosteroids, topical atropine and topical steroids, one milliliter of TA (40mg/mL) was injected inferotemporally into the posterior subtenon space.

Results

Sixteen consecutive patients with a mean ± SD age of 70.12 ± 11.12 years were included in this study. After injection of subtenon TA, SCD was completely resolved after 1 to 4 weeks, with deepening of the anterior chamber in all cases. All cases were followed for at least 6 months after the injection with no signs of recurrence.

Conclusion

Subtenon injection of TA is a safe and effective modality of treatment for resolving a persistent or progressive SCD after glaucoma surgeries.
In Silico Identification and Characterization of B12D Family Proteins in Viridiplantae
Authors: Almutairi Zainab M
Published: June 2022

B12D family proteins are transmembrane proteins that contain the B12D domain involved in membrane trafficking. Plants comprise several members of the B12D family, but these members’ numbers and specific functions are not determined. This study aims to identify and characterize the members of B12D protein family in plants. Phytozome database was retrieved for B12D proteins from 14 species. The total 66 B12D proteins were analyzed in silico for gene structure, motifs, gene expression, duplication events, and phylogenetics. In general, B12D proteins are between 86 and 98 aa in length, have 2 or 3 exons, and comprise a single transmembrane helix. Motif prediction and multiple sequence alignment show strong conservation among B12D proteins of 11 flowering plants species. Despite that, the phylogenetic tree revealed a distinct cluster of 16 B12D proteins that have high conservation across flowering plants. Motif prediction revealed 41 aa motif conserved in 58 of the analyzed B12D proteins similar to the bZIP motif, confirming that in the predicted biological process and molecular function, B12D proteins are DNA-binding proteins. Cis-regulatory elements screening in putative B12D promoters found various responsive elements for light, abscisic acid, methyl jasmonate, cytokinin, drought, and heat. Despite that, there is specific elements for cold stress, cell cycle, circadian, auxin, salicylic acid, and gibberellic acid in the promoter of a few B12D genes indicating for functional diversification for B12D family members. The digital expression shows that B12D genes of Glycine max have similar expression patterns consistent with their clustering in the phylogenetic tree. However, the expression of B12D genes of Hordeum vulgure appears inconsistent with their clustering in the tree. Despite the strong conservation of the B12D proteins of Viridiplantae, gene association analysis, promoter analysis, and digital expression indicate different roles for the members of the B12D family during plant developmental stages.
Occupational Injuries and Associated Factors Among Municipal Solid Waste Collectors in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Temesgen Liku Muche , Mengistu Dechasa Adare , Mulat Salie , Mulatu Gutema , Tolera Sina Temesgen , Berhanu Ashenafi , Baraki Negga , Gobena Tesfaye
Published: June 2022

Background:

Municipal solid waste collection is one of the most dangerous jobs in the world since it exposes the workers involved to occupational hazards and predisposes them to certain occupation-related morbidities. Occupational injuries among municipal solid waste collectors have not been adequately addressed or reported in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of occupational injuries and associated factors among municipal solid waste collectors in Harar Town, Ethiopia.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia from May 25, 2021 to June 25, 2021. Three hundred eighty-nine (389) municipal solid waste collectors were selected using a simple random sampling method. A self-administered structured questionnaire and an observational checklist were used to collect the data. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine the association between independent variables and the outcome variable. A P-value of <.05 was considered as a cut-off point for statistical significance.

Results:

The current study found that about 60.4% of municipal solid waste collectors were exposed to occupational injuries. Furthermore, the study found a statistically significant association between the prevalence of occupational injuries and having a primary education [AOR = 0.10, 95% CI (0.03-0.38)], a secondary education [AOR = 0.04, 95% CI (0.03-0.45)], work experience [AOR = 5.975, (95% CI (2.01-17.75)], the use of personal protective equipment [AOR = 0.09, (95% CI: 0.02-0.46)], and training [AOR = 0.10, 95% CI (0.03-0.30)].

Conclusions:

The current study found that more than three-fifth of municipal solid waste collectors were exposed to occupational injury. Furthermore, the current study found that there was an statistical relationship between the prevalence of occupational injuries and having a primary education, a secondary education, work experience, the use of personal protective equipment, and training. Before and after hiring solid waste collectors, employers should provide personal protective equipment and tailored training on safety measures.
The Social Transmission of Bodily Knowledge
Authors: Underman Kelly
Published: June 2022

Literature on bodily habit has often emphasised the inculcation of new bodily skills and embodied ways of being in practice. However, recent work demonstrates that skilled experts do focus on the body, its sensuous information, and engage in conscious and deliberate forms of bodily awareness during the performance of bodily skills. In this article, I present data from interviews with barbell coaches (CrossFit, powerlifting, and Olympic weightlifting) and yoga teachers in order to explore the social transmission of bodily knowledge. I analyse accounts from these experts about the techniques and approaches they use to teach bodily skills, focusing on objective, subjective, and intersubjective strategies. I argue that while bodily knowledge is difficult to articulate, its fundamentally social basis means that it can be translated through coordinated activities and shaped by social processes. I thus advance literature on bodily knowledge by accounting for deliberation and reflexivity in learning bodily skills.
Relationships between experiencing anti-fat microaggressions, body appreciation, and perceived physical and mental health
Authors: O’Neill Elizabeth A , Trout Kate , Ramseyer Winter Virginia
Published: June 2022

This study examined whether body appreciation mediates the relationships between anti-fat microaggression experiences and perceived physical and mental health. Using a cross-sectional survey design, our study included 384 adult cisgender women in the United States. We found that anti-fat microaggression experiences had a negative association with body appreciation, and perceived physical and mental health. Body appreciation had a positive relationship to perceived physical and mental health. Our study further suggests that body appreciation is an important modifiable factor that mediates the relationships between anti-fat microaggression experiences and perceived mental and physical health. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
Investigation on the transient impact characteristics of fast switching valve during excitation stage
Authors: Gao Qiang
Published: June 2022

Fast switching valve (FSV) inevitably experiences high-speed impact while obtaining high dynamics, which affects its control accuracy and service life. In this article, the impact characteristics of the FSV during the excitation stage are investigated. Firstly, a nonlinear mathematical model considering the magnetic saturation is established and verified. Then, the influences of three types of driving voltages on the initial impact velocity and the opening time of the FSV are analyzed, which proves that only the driving voltage featured by an interval of negative voltage (−24V) can obtain a good balance between the initial impact velocity and opening time. In addition, finite element simulations of transient impact characteristics show that smaller initial impact velocity is beneficial to reduce the impact displacement, equivalent stress, and wear volume. The influences of impact times on the flow area of the valve seat are quantitatively analyzed under different impact velocities. Theoretical results indicate that, compared to the high driving voltage, the variation of flow area per million impacts is reduced by 27.3% under the presented driving voltage. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that with the presented driving voltage, the average acceleration and the average noise are reduced by 65.7% and 12%, respectively. And the acceleration frequency spectrum and the modal simulation both reveal the composition of impact noise, in which the noise heard by the human ear is mainly impacted noise, not the ringing noise.
Where are the missing girls? Gender inequality, job precarity, and journalism students’ career choices in China
Authors: Guo Jingyi , Fang Kecheng
Published: June 2022

This study aims to explain the puzzling discrepancy between the large number of female journalism students and the comparatively fewer female journalists in the workforce in China today. Based on in-depth interviews with 20 graduates in journalism from the same class, we investigate the female students’ professional socialization process and analyze the external and internal factors that led most of them to choose a journalism major but not to join the journalism industry. Along the three significant phases in a funnel-shaped model—admission, college education and internship, and job market—we identify the combined influences of structural gender inequality and female students’ increasing gender awareness and agency. We further examine female students’ situation through the conceptual lens of precarity and discuss how it is manifested in ways that differ from those in the West. Our findings reveal a mixed picture of gender reality in Chinese journalism and in Chinese society.
Beyond Consumption Expenditure: Income Inequality and Its Sources in India
Authors: Agrawal Tushar , Agrawal Ankush
Published: June 2022

A considerable body of research on inequality in India has focused on consumption inequality. This article compares inequality in consumption expenditure and income, using two waves of the India Human Development Survey. We find that while income inequality increased marginally, expenditure inequality remained stable. The article also undertakes the decomposition of income inequality by sources and finds that wage and agricultural incomes contribute most to inequality in rural areas whereas wage and business incomes are the major contributors in urban areas. Wages and government transfers arse found to be inequality-decreasing sources of income, and agricultural income is found to be inequality-increasing. While government transfers benefit low-income households, there is potential for increasing their efficacy and for attaining a more egalitarian distribution of income by better targeting. Further, we examine how expenditure and income are associated with the ownership of household assets. Our findings suggest that low consumption is a better indicator of material well-being than low income.
Effectiveness of Baduanjin Exercise on Quality of Life and Psychological Health in Postoperative Patients With Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ye Xin-Xin , Ren Zi-Yang , Vafaei Somayeh , Zhang Jun-Meng , Song Yuan , Wang Yang-Xin , Song Pei-Ge
Published: June 2022

Background:

Baduanjin exercise is a traditional Chinese Qigong exercise. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Baduanjin exercise on the quality of life and psychological status of postoperative patients with breast cancer.

Methods:

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Eight databases were searched from inception to December 15, 2021, restricting the language to English and Chinese. RevMan5.3 software was employed for data analysis. This study was registered in PROSPERO, number CRD 42020222132.

Results:

A total of 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 450 postoperative breast cancer patients with or without Baduanjin exercise were collected. Compared with the group without Baduanjin, those who practiced Baduanjin showed significant improvement in quality of life (WMD = 5.70, 95% CI 3.11-8.29, P < .0001). Subgroup analysis showed significant improvement in physical (WMD = 1.83, 95% CI 1.13-2.53, P < .00001) and functional well-being (WMD = 1.58, 95% CI 0.77-2.39, P = .0001), which were measured by the functional assessment of cancer therapy-breast (FACT-B). Subgroup analysis also showed that role-physical (WMD = 11.49, 95% CI 8.86-14.13, P < .00001) and vitality (WMD = 8.58, 95% CI 5.60-11.56, P < .00001) were significantly increased, as measured by a 36-item Short Form survey (SF-36). In terms of psychological health, Baduanjin exercise reduced patients’ anxiety (WMD = −8.02, 95% CI −9.27 to −6.78, P < .00001) and depression (WMD = −4.45, 95% CI −5.62 to −3.28, P < .00001).

Conclusions:

Baduanjin is an effective exercise, which can significantly improve the quality of life and psychological health of breast cancer patients after operation.
Transformative Leadership Conversation: Toward a Conceptualization and Theory of Action for Educational Leaders
Authors: Adams Curt M. , Adigun Olajumoke , Fiegener Ashlyn M. , Olsen Jentre J.
Published: June 2022

In this conceptual paper, we advance Transformative Leadership Conversation as a form of dialogue that relies on shared meaning-making to activate the motivational energy within people to transform social structures that impede aspirational realities. Transformative Leadership Conversation leverages the most commonly available resource for leaders—conversation—to approach transformation as a process that begins within individuals and moves outward to the relational context where actions and interactions define social structures. There are two interdependent parts to the paper: a conceptual definition and a theory of action. The conceptual definition describes TLC and situates its components in the social and psychological processes that drive transformation. The theory of action advances a simple framework for how leaders might engage TLC across different contexts and situations.
Future Directions for Health Equity and Lifestyle Medicine: Insights from Former US Surgeons General
Authors: Carmona Richard , Shurney Dexter
Published: June 2022

Lifestyle medicine practices address root causes in the realm of patient care, healthcare systems, community health, and public health policy. It often takes consistent messaging and robust scientific evidence to buy in support of patients, health administrators, community leaders, and government officials. Four former U.S. surgeons general—the Honorable Admiral David Satcher, MD; Vice Admiral M. Joycelyn Elders, MS; Vice Admiral Antonia Novella, MD; and Vice Admiral Richard Carmona, MD, MPH, FACS—participated in a town hall during the American College of Lifestyle Medicine’s 2021 annual conference to discuss health equity and its relationship to LM. Moderated by Dexter Shurney, MD, MBA, MPH, immediate-past president of the American College of Lifestyle Medicine and president of the Blue Zones Well-Being Institute, the discussion also explored the challenging role and responsibilities of the nation’s top medical officer, the emergence of LM as an undervalued but high-potential tool for addressing complex issues such as health disparities, and specific actions—especially related to leadership—that would accelerate wider adoption of LM. In this article, Drs. Shurney and Carmona share their insights and highlights from the conversation and consider future directions of LM.
Fitting and prediction of the crushing process for Al–Zn–Mg alloy thin-walled double-cell profiles
Authors: Fan Shitong , Lan Yanquan , Huang Laifu , Liu Zhijie
Published: June 2022

The properties of crushing and absorbing energy are important for the security of automobiles. In this work, the crushing curves and section features of Al–Zn–Mg alloy twin-cell thin-walled profiles were studied in detail. The crushing process comprises four typical stages: near-elastic deformation, hinge forming, hinge tightening, and folding stages. It was found that, in the near-elastic stage, the relationship between crushing force and displacement is approximately linear. The crushing moment in the hinge-forming stage conforms to the principle of conservation. The crush curve in the hinge-tightening stage conforms to the cosine hypothesis. The folding stage involves a repetition of the hinge-forming and hinge-tightening stages. Moreover, numerical models of these stages are built and compared with measured data to demonstrate the accuracy and validity of these models.
Thermal-mechanical coupling analysis and optimization of mine hoist brake disc
Authors: Wang Chuanli , Wang Shun , Jin Huawei , Huo Huanyu , Xu Huwei , Chen Zhuqi
Published: June 2022

Based on heat conduction theory and energy conversion, the theoretical model of brake disc temperature field was established. The temperature field and equivalent Von Mises stress field distribution of brake disc during braking were investigated by using the finite element (FE) analysis. According to the thermal-mechanical coupling analysis, orthogonal optimization and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to optimize brake for reducing Von Mises stress on the brake disc. Results show that the temperature of a friction surface is high in the middle and low on both sides, with a large temperature gradient. In addition, the temperature and Von Mises stress form two extreme points in a direction of the friction surface circumference. Temperature and stress values decrease slowly along the direction of a brake disc rotation from an extreme value point, and decrease faster in the opposite direction. The maximum temperature of the optimized brake during braking is 473 K and the maximum equivalent Von Mises stress is 264 MPa. The main objective of this work is to reveal the influence of brake shoes structure and material on thermal-mechanical coupling of the brake disc to ensure famous strength that guarantees a longer life.
Down syndrome: Parental experiences of a postnatal diagnosis
Authors: Grane Fiona Mc , Lynn Fiona , Balfe Joanne , Molloy Eleanor , Marsh Lynne
Published: June 2022

Globally it is estimated that Down syndrome occurs in 1 in 800 live births (Bull 2020). It has also been estimated that the incidence of Down syndrome occurs in 1/444 live births in the Republic of Ireland. Given the prevalence of Down syndrome births in Ireland and the fact that care is provided by the majority of parents at home, this qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of Irish parents receiving a postnatal diagnosis of Down syndrome. A qualitative research approach was used through semi structured interviews. Eight parents of a baby diagnosed postnatally with Down syndrome participated in this study sharing their stories of their postnatal diagnosis experiences. Five overarching themes emerged using a descriptive thematic analysis; 1. prenatal screening, pregnancy and delivery; 2. how the diagnosis was delivered; 3. setting and emotional experiences; 4. moving on with the postnatal diagnosis and 5. Future recommendations from parents' perspectives. This study highlighted the importance of the need for clinicians to ensure that partners are present at the time of the disclosure, that ample time is allocated and that verbal and written communications are provided to parents using less medical jargon when delivering the postnatal diagnosis of Down syndrome. These reasonable adjustments could alleviate parental anxiety at this critical juncture in their lives. Online resources and support forums were also identified as an integral support for families on discharge from the maternity centres and in the early months and years.
Interstices: Workplace satisfaction, inclusion, and the cultural adjustment of expatriate academics at South Korean universities nationwide
Authors: Gress Douglas R
Published: June 2022

The number of expatriate faculty members in Korea has been falling since 2013, intimating that Korean universities face a problem with international faculty satisfaction. This research develops a model for expatriate faculty overall workplace satisfaction at Korean universities by integrating acculturation and enculturation theory, social interaction and social connectedness, and workplace inclusivity considerations while delineating between them. Results are based on quantitative analyses of survey data from 318 PhD holding expatriate faculty working at over 50 universities nationwide. Regression results indicate that social interaction, an “identity blind” inclusive work environment, enculturation, and an “identity conscious” inclusive work environment are positively related to overall workplace satisfaction. By comparison, Korean ethnicity is negatively associated with workplace satisfaction, something explained in terms of Korean organizational culture and associated work expectations. Suggestions to facilitate the development of places to integrate and participate within established Korean university organizational cultures are ventured.
US Black cisgender women and pre-exposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus prevention: A scoping review
Authors: Conley Cherie , Johnson Ragan , Bond Keosha , Brem Sullivan , Salas Jasmine , Randolph Schenita
Published: June 2022

Background:

Black cisgender women in the United States experience a disproportionate burden of human immunodeficiency virus acquisition. Pre-exposure prophylaxis is an effective oral daily medication that reduces the risk of human immunodeficiency virus through sex by 99% when taken as prescribed. However, less than 2% of eligible Black cisgender women take pre-exposure prophylaxis. The purpose of this scoping review was to describe the types of research studies done in this area, gaps in knowledge, and potential areas of research needed to increase pre-exposure prophylaxis use among Black cisgender women in the United States.

Methods:

We conducted our search in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), and Scopus (Elsevier) using a combination of keywords and database-specific subject headings for the following concepts: pre-exposure prophylaxis, African American/Black or minority, and women. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute’s Reviewers’ Manual process for Scoping Reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews to ensure comprehensive and standardized reporting of each part of the review.

Results:

Fifty-nine studies were included in the final review. Results of the study were classified according to the three phases of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention Cascade—demand side, supply side, and adherence and retention. The majority of studies ( n = 24, 41%) were cross-sectional quantitative surveys and 43 (34%) focused on the demand-side phase of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention Cascade. Fifty-eight percent of studies either assessed women’s pre-exposure prophylaxis knowledge, attitudes, and intentions to use, or assessed perceived barriers and facilitators. Seven studies (12%) tested pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake and adherence among Black cisgender women.

Conclusion:

This review found multiple missed opportunities to increase women’s demand for pre-exposure prophylaxis and health care provider screening and referral for pre-exposure prophylaxis. Additional studies are needed to effectively assess pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake and adherence among Black cisgender women.
Real-world evidence to assess the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee degenerative pathology: a prospective observational study
Authors: Sánchez Mikel , Jorquera Cristina , de Dicastillo Leonor López , Fiz Nicolás , Knörr Jorge , Beitia Maider , Aizpurua Beatriz , Azofra Juan , Delgado Diego
Published: June 2022

Objective:

The present work aims to analyse the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in degenerative knee pathology based on real-world data and to evaluate possible factors influencing the response to treatment.

Methods:

In total, 531 cases were analysed collecting data on gender, age, body mass index, pathology location, severity, number of cycles and route of administration. Clinical outcome was evaluated at 6 and 15 months after treatment, using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and obtaining percentages of Minimal Clinically Important Improvement (MCII). Blood and PRP samples were randomly tested as a quality control measure to ensure the correct properties. Comparative statistical tests and multivariate regression were performed for the analysis of the variables.

Results:

The PRP applied had a platelet concentration factor of 1.67, with no leukocytes or erythrocytes. The percentage of patients with MCII at 6 and 15 months after PRP application was 59.32% and 70.62%, respectively. Patients with MCII were younger ( p = 0.0246) and with lower body mass index ( p = 0.0450). The treatment had a better response in mild/moderate cases than in severe cases ( p = 0.0002). Intraosseous PRP application in severe cases improved the effect of intraarticular PRP ( p = 0.0358). The application of a second cycle of PRP only improved the response in patients without MCII at 6 months ( p = 0.0029), especially in mild/moderate cases ( p = 0.0357).

Conclusion:

The applications of PRP in degenerative knee pathologies is an effective treatment, but this effectiveness nonetheless depends on several variables. Real-world data can complement that from clinical trials to provide valuable information.
Impact of Productive Activities on Forest Cover Change in the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve Region: Evidence and Research Gaps
Authors: Špirić Jovanka , Vallejo Mariana , Ramírez M. Isabel
Published: June 2022

Background and Research Aims

Human activities seeking to satisfy various needs have resulted in deforestation and other forest cover change processes. The Natural Protected Areas are among the most efficient instruments to contain forest loss. The compensation from conservation is not sufficient to compete with land uses with higher economic rent, such as timber extraction and food production. This study summarizes the evidence and identifies research gaps on forest processes caused by productive activities in Mexico’s Calakmul Biosphere Reserve.

Methods

We systematically reviewed the scientific literature investigating forest processes caused by the productive activities in the Calakmul, including the transition zone. We calculated the frequencies of codes on forest processes and productive activities in the entire sample (53), evaluated each code’s significance in the qualitative synthesis and interpretation, and summarized the measurements of forest processes considering only the primary studies (46).

Results

Deforestation was the most commonly investigated process. Traditional agriculture initially caused deforestation, while livestock and conventional agriculture became more dominant recently with the agricultural intensification policies. Few articles investigated forest degradation experiencing a steady increase from fallow shortening and selective logging. Also, few studies identified forest recovery resulting from long fallows and core zone delimitation. No publications evaluated the forest cover impact of sustainable initiatives.

Conclusion

The tendency to quantify deforestation on a regional scale masks presence of other forest processes. The rural development programs in Calakmul did not include the environmental perspective, while participation in sustainable initiatives was low. The understanding of productive activities at the local level will allow differentiation of the long-term from temporary forest dynamic.

Implications for Conservation

To assure resilient and inclusive growth in Calakmul, the reduced-impact logging, sustainable agricultural intensification, improved fallows, and beekeeping should be supported with monetary resources that cover the transaction costs of unsustainable livestock breeding and industrial agriculture.
The Management and Outcome of Stroke Patients Admitted on Weekdays Compared to Weekends at the King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khatri Ismail A. , Alhamdan Wejdan A. , Alsahli Afnan A. , Alshahwan Sarah I. , Almutairi Ghada M. , Alnamee Sadeem K. , Alsowailmi Ghada A. , Alotaibi Amal O. , Omair Aamir
Published: June 2022

Background and Purpose

Stroke is an unexpected medical emergency that can result in significant disability. The weekend effect suggests that individuals with acute medical problems are not treated the same way on weekends as they are on weekdays. There is no previous published study about weekend effect on stroke patients from Saudi Arabia.

Methods

This was an IRB approved, retrospective, cohort study. All stroke patients admitted between January 2017 and December 2018 were included. Ten standards of care were chosen to assess compliance with standardized care. Seven measures were chosen for acute management of stroke.

Results

A total of 731 patients were included, 68.5% were males; 493 (67%) were admitted during weekdays and 238 (33%) on weekends. There was no difference for age ( P = .32), gender ( P = .32), nationality ( P = .62), stroke subtype ( P = .27) and stroke severity ( P = .69) on weekday or weekend admission. In two-third patients, more than 70% of stroke orders were utilized, with no difference in thrombolysis rate ( P = .81). There was no difference in recurrent stroke ( P = .86), mortality or discharge disposition ( P = .34) between the patients. The patients admitted during weekdays had less complications (38 vs 46%; P = .04).

Conclusions

There was no difference in the quality of care provided to stroke patients admitted during weekdays or weekends. There was no difference in the use of acute intervention on weekends and weekdays. Patients had similar outcomes and discharge disposition whether admitted on weekdays or weekends, except that those admitted on weekends had a significantly greater overall number of complications.
Endovascular treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke and tandem occlusion due to internal carotid artery dissection: A multicenter experience
Authors: Da Ros Valerio , Pusceddu Federica , Lattanzi Simona , Scaggiante Jacopo , Sallustio Fabrizio , Marrama Federico , Bandettini di Poggio Monica , Toscano Gianpaolo , Di Giuliano Francesca , Rolla-Bigliani Claudia , Ruggiero Maria , Haznedari Niccolo , Sgreccia Alessandro , Sanfilippo Giuseppina , Finocchi Cinzia , Diomedi Marina , Tomasi Santino O , Palmisciano Paolo , Umana Giuseppe E , Strigari Lidia , Griessenauer Christoph J , Pitocchi Francesca , Garaci Francesco , Floris Roberto
Published: June 2022

Background

The optimal management of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to tandem occlusion (TO) and underlying carotid dissection (CD) remains unclear.

Objective

We present our multicenter-experience of endovascular treatment (EVT) approach used and outcomes for AIS patients with CD-related TO (CD-TO).

Methods

Consecutive AIS patients underwent EVT for CD-TO at five Italian Neuro-interventional Tertiary Stroke Centers were retrospectively identified. TO from atherosclerosis and other causes of, were excluded from the final analysis. Primary outcome was successful (mTICI 2b-3) and complete reperfusion (mTICI 3); secondary outcome was patients’ 3-months functional independence (mRS≤2).

Results

Among 214 AIS patients with TO, 45 presented CD-TO. Median age was 54 years (range 29–86), 82.2% were male. Age <65 years ( p < 0.0001), lower baseline NIHSS score ( p = 0.0002), and complete circle of Willis ( p = 0.0422) were associated with mRS ≤ 2 at the multivariate analysis. Comparisons between antegrade and retrograde approaches resulted in differences for baseline NIHSS scores ( p = 0.001) and number of EVT attempts per-procedure ( p = 0.001). No differences in terms of recanalization rates were observed between antegrade and retrograde EVT approaches ( p = 0.811) but higher rates of mTICI3 revascularization was observed with the retrograde compared to the antegrade approach (78.6% vs 73.3%), anyway not statistically significant. CD management technique (angioplasty vs aspiration vs emergent stenting) did not correlate with 3-months mRS≤2.

Conclusion

AIS patients with CD-TO were mostly treated with the retrograde approach with lower number of attempts per-procedure but it offered similar recanalization rates compared with the antegrade approach. Emergent carotid artery stenting (CAS) proved to be safe for CD management but it does not influence 3-months patients’ clinical outcomes.
Global student perspectives on digital inclusion in education during COVID-19
Authors: Livingston Eliza , Houston Emmaline , Carradine Jessica , Fallon Barbara , Akmeemana Chami , Nizam Maryam , McNab Alex
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic globally disrupted education, forcing a shift to remote learning that excludes many learners. This paper examines student perspectives of the changes to their education. In October 2020, students worldwide participated in the Digital Inclusion Challenge, a hackathon-style event hosted by Convergence.Tech, a digital transformation company. Participants described barriers to learning and proposed solutions to increase inclusivity and effectiveness. Using thematic analysis, student-identified barriers and their proposed solutions were coded and explored. Overall, themes of four barriers to digital inclusion in education and themes of six solutions were identified. The findings demonstrate what students value in their education, and what they felt they had lost in the transition to online and remote learning. This research contributes to knowledge on the severe impacts of the loss of in-person learning and explores technological and conceptual innovations ideated by youth. Further, it provides insight into global student experiences in accessing education during the pandemic and offers considerations for future research.
Non-communicated rudimentary uterine horn pregnancy and uterine rupture: A case report
Authors: Wang Li , Ren Songtao , Zhang Yan , Liu Wei , Shi Wentian
Published: June 2022

Rudimentary uterine horn pregnancy is a rare and serious type of ectopic pregnancy and is hard to diagnose due to a lack of typical clinical symptoms at the early stage. A 35-year-old woman who was17 weeks pregnant and had a complicated history of infertility came to our hospital complaining of abdominal pain without vaginal bleeding. Computed tomography scan after 12 hours showed that her pregnancy was in the small cavity of a rudimentary uterine horn, which had ruptured. Noncommunicating rudimentary uterine horn pregnancy is an extremely rare form of ectopic gestation, and its diagnosis and management remain challenging. Nevertheless, physician awareness of various forms of unicornuate uteri and rudimentary uterine horn can save lives.
Supporting All Students: Multitiered Systems of Support from an Antiracist and Critical Race Theory Lens
Authors: Edirmanasinghe Natalie , Goodman-Scott Emily , Smith-Durkin Stephanie , Tarver Shuntay Z.
Published: June 2022

Recent racial injustice has prompted school counselors to reexamine how their practices contribute to injustice. Many school counselors seek to engage in antiracism and advocacy. Multitiered systems of support (MTSS) strategies include data utilization, systemic collaboration, and multilevel practices within a school building. This article illustrates how school counselors who use MTSS can operate with an antiracist lens to dismantle policies and practices upholding white supremacy. School counselors utilizing MTSS are well positioned to adapt antiracist strategies.
Overparenting and Emerging Adult Development: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cui Ming , Hong Peipei , Jiao Chengfei
Published: June 2022

Researchers have investigated the phenomenon of overparenting of emerging adult children and its association with emerging adult development. With the increasing body of research in recent years on this topic, a timely systematic review is needed to gain a better understanding of the literature. This systematic review targets quantitative studies of overparenting and several domains of development (psychological, behavioral, social and relational, learning/academic and career) of emerging adult children (with a sample mean age between 18 to 29) that are published in English in peer-reviewed journals in the past 20 years (2002–2021). A search of four databases (PsycINFO, Web of Science, ERIC, and ASSIA) identified 74 eligible studies between 2002 to 2021. The majority of the studies are theory-driven ( n = 65), with self-determination theory being the most used. Study samples ranged from 89 to 2,253, most are of college students ( n = 65), from the U.S. ( n = 58), and with more female than male participants ( n = 65). Almost all studies used a cross-sectional design ( n = 70) and at least one of the several established overparenting measures. Various analytical strategies were used, ranging from structural equation modeling to latent class/profile analysis. Findings overwhelmingly suggested negative associations between overparenting and emerging adults’ development in the psychological, behavioral, social and relational, learning/academic and career domains. Some mixed findings were also reported, especially in the learning/academic and career domain. Limitations and future directions are also discussed.
Talent Development: A Thematic Categorization Using Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Tiwari Binita , Mishra Ishani , Thakur Vikas
Published: June 2022

Talent development (TD) strategies are one of the most crucial aspects of talent management practices. They provide a competitive advantage to organizations. The present study aims to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) on TD literature from 1990 to 2020. An extensive literature review has been performed wherein the literature has been segregated according to the years of their publication. The finding of the study highlights that TD has three distinct themes. These themes are related at the individual level, team level and organizational level. At the individual level, TD interventions focus on self-developmental activities such as gaining knowledge, building potential and enhancing job-specific skills. At the team level, the developmental interventions include communication skills, team-building efforts and leadership skills. Finally, TD focuses on mentorship, training and developing sustainable organizational culture at the organizational level. The study contributes towards organizing the fragmented body of literature related to TD. Furthermore, it provides a holistic approach to framing strategically aligned TD interventions that HR practitioners and organizations can implement. Finally, the study opens a window of opportunities for future research works in concerned field of TD.
Glenohumeral Hydrodistension for Postoperative Stiffness After Arthroscopic Primary Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Barnes Ryan H. , Paterno Anthony V. , Lin Feng-Chang , Zhang Jingru , Berkoff David , Creighton R. Alexander
Published: June 2022

Background:

Postoperative stiffness is a known complication after rotator cuff repair (RCR). Glenohumeral hydrodistension (GH) has been a treatment modality for shoulder pathology but has not been used to treat postoperative stiffness after RCR.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for postoperative stiffness after RCR and review outcomes after treatment with GH. Our hypotheses were that stiffness would be associated with diabetes and hyperlipidemia and correlated with the tendons involved and that patients with stiffness who underwent GH would have significant improvement in range of motion (ROM).

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

Included were 388 shoulders of patients who underwent primary RCR by a single surgeon between 2015 and 2019. Shoulders with revision RCRs were excluded. Patient characteristics, medical comorbidities, and perioperative details were collected. A total of 40 shoulders with postoperative stiffness (10.3%) received GH injectate of a 21-mL mixture (15 mL of sterile water, 5 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine, and 1 mL of triamcinolone [10 mg/mL]). The primary outcome measure was ROM in forward flexion, internal rotation, external rotation, and abduction. Statistical tests were performed using analysis of variance.

Results:

Patients with diabetes had significantly decreased internal rotation at final follow-up after RCR as compared with patients without diabetes. GH to treat stiffness was performed most commonly between 1 and 4 months after RCR (60%), and patients who received GH saw statistically significant improvements in forward flexion, external rotation, and abduction after the procedure. Patients with hyperlipidemia had the most benefit after GH. Among those undergoing concomitant procedures, significantly more patients who had open subpectoral biceps tenodesis underwent GH. Patients who underwent subscapularis repair or concomitant subacromial decompression had significant improvement in ROM after GH. Only 1 patient who received GH underwent secondary surgery for resistant postoperative stiffness.

Conclusion:

Patients with diabetes had increased stiffness. Patients with a history of hyperlipidemia or concomitant open subpectoral biceps tenodesis were more likely to undergo GH for postoperative stiffness. Patients who underwent subscapularis repair demonstrated the most improvement in ROM after GH. After primary RCR, GH can increase ROM and is a useful adjunct for patients with stiffness to limit secondary surgery.
From urban form to information: Cellular configurations in different spatial cultures
Authors: Netto Vinicius M , Brigatti Edgardo , Cacholas Caio
Published: June 2022

Cities are different worldwide, but does this fact have any relation to culture? The idea that urban form embodies idiosyncrasies related to cultural identities captures the imagination of many in urban studies, but it is an assumption yet to be carefully examined. At its heart, the question of whether cities can be seen as cultural artefacts is informational: whether or not cultural traces can be encoded in the physical configuration of cities. Approaching spatial configuration as a proxy of urban culture, we investigate this possibility by focussing on buildings as the primary components shaping cities. Looking into how buildings aggregate in combinations and complexes, we explore Shannon’s information theory to introduce an entropy measure and analyse frequencies of cellular configurations of built form. We apply this method to downtown areas of 45 cities from different regions around the world. Assessing differences and similarities in cellular configurations, we identify clusters of cities potentially consistent with specific spatial cultures. Our findings suggest a classification scheme that sheds light on the ‘cultural hypothesis’: the possibility that different cultures and regions find different ways of ordering space. We conclude our analysis by arguing that the endless combinatorial possibilities of building configurations, missing from street network approaches, add complexity to cities and prompt a renewed interest in built form systems.