bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vibration localization for a rotating mistuning bladed disk with the Coriolis effect by a state-space decoupling method
Authors: Kan Xuanen , Xu Zili
Published: November 2017

Slight deviations of blades due to manufacturing tolerances can cause mistuning of bladed disk leading to localized vibration, which can accelerate fatigue. Moreover, the rotating blades are subjected to the Coriolis effect and the influence of the Coriolis force on the natural frequencies of high-speed rotational bladed disks such as those of an aero-engine become more apparent. In this paper, the effect of Coriolis force on the forced response localization of a mistuned bladed disk are investigated, for conditions where the natural frequency located in the first and second modal families of the bladed disk. Mistuning is introduced by varying the Young’s modulus of each blade. Due to the asymmetric Coriolis matrix, it is not possible to directly decouple the system. A state-space decoupling method is developed to decouple the system to effectively calculate the forced response of bladed disk with the consideration of the Coriolis effect. The results show that response localization factor is increased by 13.09% considering the Coriolis force compared to the system without considering the Coriolis effect, in the case of where the first modal family is considered. In addition, the response localization factor with the consideration of the Coriolis force is decreased by 30.85% compared to the system without considering the Coriolis force, when the second modal family is considered. It indicates that the forced response localization with the consideration of the Coriolis effect will be changed obviously with the rotational speed increasing, when the concerning natural frequency is located in the first and second modal families. Furthermore, the effect of Coriolis force causes changes in the resonant frequencies and resonant amplitude, but does not introduce additional resonant peaks for the case of the mistuned bladed disk.
Exploring contexts in consulting engineers’ collaborative information behaviour
Authors: du Preez Madely
Published: November 2017

Reports on a narrative inquiry study exploring the complexity of engineering contexts and endeavouring to establish how engineering contexts shape consulting engineers’ collaborative information behaviour. Fifteen responding engineers recollected their experiences of an engineering project in narrative interviews. The collected data were re-storied and analysed thematically. Multi-layered contexts seem to affect consulting engineers’ information behaviour. These include engineering organisations and engineering projects. Engineering organisations determine the information individual engineers are exposed to and provide natural boundaries that delineate the activities taking place within them. Engineering projects not only determine the information needs of engineers but also the information activities that will provide in their information needs. Due to team relationships that develop throughout an engineering project, social networks develop naturally and become important resources of engineering information.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Strategies to Improve Family Members’ Preparedness for Surrogate Decision-Making
Authors: Green Michael J. , Van Scoy Lauren J. , Foy Andrew J. , Stewart Renee R. , Sampath Ramya , Schubart Jane R. , Lehman Erik B. , Dimmock Anne E. F. , Bucher Ashley M. , Lehmann Lisa S. , Harlow Alyssa F. , Yang Chengwu , Levi Benjamin H.
Published: November 2017

Objective:

To evaluate 2 strategies for preparing family members for surrogate decision-making.

Design:

A 2 × 2 factorial, randomized controlled trial testing whether: (1) comprehensive online advance care planning (ACP) is superior to basic ACP, and (2) having patients engage in ACP together with family members is superior to ACP done by patients alone.

Setting:

Tertiary care centers in Hershey, Pennsylvania, and Boston, Massachusetts.

Participants:

Dyads of patients with advanced, severe illness (mean age 64; 46% female; 72% white) and family members who would be their surrogate decision-makers (mean age 56; 75% female; 75% white).

Interventions:

Basic ACP: state-approved online advance directive plus brochure. Making Your Wishes Known (MYWK): Comprehensive ACP decision aid including education and values clarification.

Measurements:

Pre–post changes in family member self-efficacy (100-point scale) and postintervention concordance between patients and family members using clinical vignettes.

Results:

A total 285 dyads enrolled; 267 patients and 267 family members completed measures. Baseline self-efficacy in both MYWK and basic ACP groups was high (90.2 and 90.1, respectively), and increased postintervention to 92.1 for MYWK ( P = .13) and 93.3 for basic ACP ( P = .004), with no between-group difference. Baseline self-efficacy in alone and together groups was also high (90.2 and 90.1, respectively), and increased to 92.6 for alone ( P = .03) and 92.8 for together ( P = .03), with no between-group difference. Overall adjusted concordance was higher in MYWK compared to basic ACP (85.2% vs 79.7%; P = .032), with no between-group difference.

Conclusion:

The disconnect between confidence and performance raises questions about how to prepare family members to be surrogate decision-makers.
A multidimensional extension–based method for resource performance matching in cloud manufacturing
Authors: Zhu Li-Nan , Zhao Yan-Wei , Zhao Cheng , Shen Guo-Jiang
Published: November 2017

Recently, cloud manufacturing has emerged as a type of networked cooperative manufacturing process. The cloud-manufacturing environment implies very large-scale manufacturing services with various manufacturing resources appearing as cloud services and with a huge number of service-performance indexes. In reality, every cloud service is typically divided into several submodules, each of which also contains many service-performance indexes. Because this makes performance matching quite difficult, the question arises of how to select a suitable cloud service. In this work, we adopt a so-called matter-element model to describe the cloud service and the user requirement. In addition, for resource selection, we present a matching method in which module performance similarity is calculated from multidimensional extension distance. The results of a case study illustrate the implementation of the proposed method.
“It’s Sort of Reaffirmed to Me That I’m Not a Monster, I’m Not a Terrible Person”: Sex Offenders’ Movements Toward Desistance via Peer-Support Roles in Prison
Authors: Perrin Christian , Blagden Nicholas , Winder Belinda , Dillon Gayle
Published: November 2017

Individuals incarcerated in prisons across the United Kingdom and abroad are able to volunteer for a variety of peer-support roles, which are characterized by prisoner-to-prisoner helping. Some research has found that such roles can represent turning points in the lives of those who have offended and encourage movements toward desistance. This proposed redemptive influence is argued to result from the prosocial behaviors that such roles appear to elicit in their holders. The present study aims to explore the mechanics of this claimed influence. While a limited amount of research has attempted this on a general offending population, no research has done so with a sample of sexual offenders. Given the intensive treatment programs involved in such contexts, and the requirements for sexual offenders to demonstrate reduced risk, the authors believe those serving time for sexual offenses represent an important sample on which to explore the potentially redemptive properties of peer-support roles. To this end, 13 peer supporters participated in semistructured interviews. Transcripts were analyzed using a phenomenologically oriented thematic analysis. Results suggest that sexual offenders who adopt peer-support roles are able to live up to desired selves by “doing good” in prison, “giving back,” and consequently resisting negative labels. These benefits have been theoretically linked with better reintegration outcomes for sexual offenders, who are publicly denigrated in the extreme and find it especially difficult to (re)integrate. Suggestions regarding the future utility of such schemes are offered.
Prothrombotic State in a Patient With Acute Liver Failure: The Question of Anticoagulation
Authors: Scărlătescu Ecaterina , Tomescu Dana Rodica
Published: November 2017

A 35-year-old male with acute liver failure due to acute hepatitis B virus infection was admitted to the intensive care unit with significant hepatocellular injury, cholestasis, abnormal standard coagulation tests, normal rotational thromboelastometry indices, and without signs of bleeding. He underwent emergency liver transplantation without requiring blood product transfusions or procoagulant treatments. The postoperative course was complicated by deep vein thrombosis and impending hepatic artery thrombosis treated with unfractionated heparin, aspirin, and intravenous prostacyclin. The patient survived and made a full neurological recovery. This case revealed the presence of a prothrombotic state due to a rebalanced coagulation system in a patient with liver dysfunction that was not identifiable by standard coagulation tests. This case emphasizes that identifying and treating coagulopathy is very difficult in liver failure patients and requires specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Consumption Taxes, Income Taxes, and Revenue Sensitivity: States and the Great Recession
Authors: Chernick Howard , Reimers Cordelia
Published: November 2017

This article uses an income-distributional approach to state tax sensitivity to examine the assumption that consumption taxes are more stable than income taxes. We estimate the 2007 to 2009 change in tax revenues as a function of state income distributions and tax burdens by income class. We estimate tax burdens as a function of income tax shares and consumption tax shares. We then simulate the change in tax revenues with tax shares at the national average. If high-income-tax states were to lower their reliance on this tax, the revenue decline during the recession would have been greater. For high consumption tax states, the revenue decline under higher income tax shares would have been smaller. Had they shifted toward consumption taxes, income tax reliant states would not have reduced the cyclical sensitivity of tax revenues during the Great Recession. The interaction between tax burdens and recession shocks by income class is key to these results.
Biopsy-proven Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a 53-year-old Woman With Arginase Deficiency
Authors: Koo Matthew , Lipshutz Gerald S , Cederbaum Stephen D , Lassman Charles
Published: November 2017

Arginase 1 deficiency, the least common urea cycle disorder, commonly presents with childhood-onset spastic paraplegia, progressive neurologic impairment, epilepsy, and developmental delay or regression. Biopsy-proven cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed via clinical and imaging studies (but without biopsy confirmation) have been previously reported. We report, herein, a case of a 53-year-old woman with arginase 1 deficiency who developed symptoms of “abdominal bloating.” Imaging studies (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging) demonstrated 2 dominant hepatic masses, measuring 5.9 cm and 5.7 cm in greatest dimensions and located in hepatic segments 5 and 6, respectively. Core biopsies of the lesions demonstrated well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry performed on the segment 5 lesion was negative for arginase 1. This report represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of biopsy-proven hepatocellular carcinoma in an individual with arginase 1 deficiency.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Secondary to T Cell/Histiocyte-rich Large B Cell Lymphoma in an Adolescent Male
Authors: Metts Jonathan L , Park Sunita I , Briones Michael A , Keller Frank G
Published: November 2017

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyperinflammatory disorder that may be encountered as a primary or secondary phenomenon. HLH secondary to lymphoma has been described, more frequently in adults than in children. T-cell/Histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) is a large B-cell lymphoma that resides in a microenvironment of robust host immune response and has previously been associated with HLH in adults. Here, we describe the first case of HLH secondary to THRLBCL in an adolescent patient.
The methodological approaches in an experimental study of cultural transmission process
Authors: Freitas Djalma
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we will discuss the possibility of understanding experimental studies on cultural transmission processes from an articulation between the particular–general relation in the construction of knowledge, with an approximation between the notions of Nomothetic and Idiographic science. For this, we discuss data collected from an experimental project about the cultural transmission process drawing our attention, as much to the continuities as the discontinuities present in the process. Our discussions pointed to the need to consider, in experimental studies, the particular actions and significations of research participants, as well as the generalization that is dialogically constructed in the collectivity. With this in mind, it is proposed that at least three theoretical-methodological aspects cannot be lost sight of when considering the experimental study of the cultural transmission process: (1) the relation between Idiographic and Nomothetic science; (2) interdependent relational processes that occur between particularities and generalities; and (3) the need to appreciate continuities and discontinuities as part of the process of construction and analysis of experimental projects.
Smoking to fit a stigmatised identity? A qualitative study of marginalised young people in Australia
Authors: Hefler Marita , Carter Stacy M
Published: November 2017

In countries with comprehensive tobacco control, smoking is increasingly denormalised, with smokers subject to social stigmatisation. Qualitative research and commentary about denormalisation and stigma has largely focused on the impact on current or former smokers. Little attention has been given to the interaction between existing stigma among socially marginalised and disadvantaged young people and its role in smoking uptake, maintenance and resistance to quitting, or remaining a non-smoker. This article draws on a qualitative (grounded theory) study of young people aged 16–25 years who attended social services for at-risk youth in an inner city area in Australia, to explore the intersection between stigmatised identity and smoking in a context of increasing smoking denormalisation. Drawing on theoretical conceptualisations of stigma, we outline processes by which participants accept and apply social labels, internalise or distance themselves from stigmatised identities, and the influence of labelling on smoking trajectories, to demonstrate how the persistent dilemma of stigma shapes and reinforces smoking behaviour. The study highlights the need for tobacco control initiatives to align and integrate with broader initiatives to address structural inequality and social disadvantage.
Consumers’ electronic word-of-mouth behavioral intentions on Facebook: Does message type have an effect?
Authors: Kwok Linchi , Mao Zhenxing (Eddie) , Huang Yung-Kuei
Published: November 2017

This study was designed to assess consumers’ electronic word-of-mouth behavioral intentions toward various types of business-to-consumer messages on Facebook, as well as their intentions toward the hospitality companies that initiate the messages. The results suggested that marketing messages (vs. conversational messages) evoke stronger electronic word-of-mouth behavioral intentions toward the messages as well as the companies that initiated the messages. Strong electronic word-of-mouth behavioral intentions toward the messages were found to be predictive of higher electronic word-of-mouth intentions toward the companies that initiated the messages. Gender had no moderating effect on such relationships. The findings provide implications for hospitality managers to develop specific business-to-consumer strategies to engage with Facebook users.
Deciphering the International Monetary Fund’s (IMFs) position on austerity: Incapacity, incoherence and instrumentality
Authors: Farnsworth Kevin , Irving Zoë
Published: November 2017

Back in 2009, at the height of the global financial crisis, the London G20 forum met and declared the Washington consensus dead. What emerged in its place was a contradictory and confusing array of narratives and international policy prescriptions for post-crisis recovery that owed as much to the past as the present. Divisions within and among International Governmental Organisations (IGOs) arose about how best to address the economic challenges, but the dominant solution was ‘austerity’ which became firmly rooted in the policies and discourse of national governments and international organisations alike. While signalling a downward political reconditioning of public welfare expectations, the austerity strategy has itself lacked organisational conviction and coherence. Austerity is, thus, important for identifying the location of social policy in international post-crisis economic discourse. Since the crisis has paradoxically, bolstered economic interests at the expense of political choice, it is also necessary to study the crisis responses advocated by economic organisations as more, rather than less significant in shaping welfare futures. This article draws on evidence from a textual content analysis of International Monetary Fund (IMF) documents over the period 2004–2015 to examine discourse on austerity and social policy. The findings indicate that, while the language of ‘austerity’ and policy prescriptions vary, the IMF’s essential position has been to advocate austerity-like policies throughout the period, leaving its ideational ‘economistic’ position on the purpose of social policy fundamentally unchanged. These findings contrast with others that perceive a shift towards social justice concerns within the organisation, whereas our evidence suggests that the IMF’s position on social policy is one of ambivalence and incoherence.
What are the threats and potentials of big data for qualitative research?
Authors: Mills Kathy A.
Published: November 2017

Amid the big claims of big data, analytics, datification, and data mining, this article answers central questions for qualitative research. In the debates about the enormity and ubiquity of data in the digital world, qualitative research endeavors are seemingly threatened. But is big data necessarily better? Can big data answer the fundamental questions that qualitative researchers ask? This article interrogates the key issues for qualitative researchers in the big data era, positioning big data in its historical context. This article offers a critique of assumptions about access to big data, and uncovers the dark side of big data and privacy in a risk society. The potentials of big data for qualitative research are examined, providing recommendations to bring together complementary research endeavors that map large scale social patterns using big data with qualitative questions about participants’ subjective perceptions, rich expression of feelings, and reasons for human action.
Evaluation of the Southern Harm Reduction Coalition for HIV Prevention: Advocacy Accomplishments
Authors: Story Chandra R. ,   Members of the Southern Harm Reduction Coalition, Kao Wei-Kang , Currin Joe , Brown Colton , Charles Vignetta
Published: November 2017

Background. HIV/AIDS rates are higher in the Southern United States compared to other regions of the country. Reasons for disparities include poverty, health care access, and racism. People who inject drugs (PWID) account for 8% of HIV/AIDS incidence rates. Harm reduction can connect PWID to needed resources. AIDS United Southern REACH grantees developed the Southern Harm Reduction Coalition (SHRC) as a means to decrease HIV/AIDS and viral hepatitis rates, criminalization of drug users and sex workers, and drug overdose. Method. Investigators used an intrinsic case study design to examine the context of harm reduction in the Southern United States, successful strategies, and outcomes. Data collection included key informant interviews and coalition documents. The community coalition action theory was used to examine the data. Results. The SHRC initiated regional conferences and customized trainings. Strengths-based language and utilization of diverse strengths among coalition members were used to effect change. Coalition outcomes included syringe decriminalization legislation, syringe exchange, naloxone access, naloxone funding legislation, and 911 Good Samaritan laws, along with expanded support for PWID. Conclusions. Advocacy successes can be applied to similar organizations in the Southern United States to promote harm reduction and potentially decrease HIV/AIDS burden, viral hepatitis, criminalization, and overdose.
Justifying Trash: Regulating Reality TV in Israel
Authors: Lavie Noa
Published: November 2017

Reality TV is a highly popular but much criticized television genre. However, little has been written about the attitude of state broadcasting authorities toward this genre and the degree to which it is regulated and controlled in different countries. In this article, we focus on the Second Authority for Television and Radio, the public body that oversees commercial broadcasting in Israel, and look at how it controls the volume and content of reality TV programs while considering factors that are unique to Israeli economics and politics. The findings of this article indicate that in Israel, reality television is legitimized de facto despite perception of its moral shortcomings.
Financial Times: Economic and Industrial Temporalities in Netflix’s Arrested Development
Authors: Leyda Julia
Published: November 2017

Arrested Development occupies an important place in twenty-first-century American television culture, both because of its peculiar positioning as a “before” and “after” snapshot of the housing crisis, and because its experimental revival (Netflix’s first) occasioned a similar set of obstacles to those that plagued the original series. As a representation of and an instance of the financialization of domestic space, this series about the failures of a wealthy family itself courts failure as a complex and innovative television narrative.
Conspiracy, Procedure, Continuity: Reopening The X-Files
Authors: Brinker Felix
Published: November 2017

This article examines how the 2016 X-Files revival restages the storytelling strategies that defined the show’s original run within the framework of the six-episodes-long event season. It argues that the 2016 iteration of the program adopts the alternation between procedural “Monster-of-the-Week” episodes, parodistic installments, and entries that advance an ongoing conspiracy plot for its own purposes. More specifically, the article suggests that the revival abandons the original series’ emphasis on long-term audience engagement in favor of a retrospective outlook that serves to legitimate the revival’s status as a worthy continuation of the original run—and that this shift is informed by its status as an event series. In doing so, the revival resurrects a mode of television storytelling informed by the demands of television’s multichannel era. To make this argument, the article discusses the storytelling strategies of The X-Files’ original run, and examines their implementation in the revival series.
What’s Really Going on: Ethnographic Theology and the Production of Theological Knowledge
Authors: Wigg-Stevenson Natalie
Published: November 2017

Ethnographic theology, having shifted its focus away from theological traditions enshrined in texts toward theological traditions embodied in practice, has become the frontier at which multiple disciplinary issues are being worked out: particularly those related to questions of theological normativity, the relationship between everyday and academic theology, and the tensions that erupt between empirical and theological modes of knowledge production. This article presents ethnographic theology as a form of spiritual discipline that is less an ethnographic analysis of Christian practices than it is an ethnographic analysis from Christian practices. Ethnography offers theology an opportunity to reflexively discipline the very nature of its discourse as specifically religious discourse, while reinventing what ethnography is in a theological context from the ground up.
Endovascular Stent Can Be the Treatment of Choice for Spontaneous Iliac Vein Rupture: A Case Report
Authors: Chen Yen-Cheng , Huang Chien-Lin , Huang Jiann-Woei
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

Spontaneous iliac vein rupture is a rare but lethal disease. Most patients suffer from shock status in the emergency department. Until now, open laparotomy combined with primary suture is the most common treatment of iliac vein rupture. However, there is high mortality and morbidity in the patients who underwent open laparotomy.

Case Presentation:

A 71-year-old woman denied trauma history and sustained hypovolemic shock. The abdominal computed tomography showed one huge retroperitoneal hematoma. The emergency angiography revealed one obvious rupture point on the left external iliac vein. We repaired the lesion with endovascular stent and open laparotomy for abdominal decompression. The patient progressed well and was discharged.

Conclusion:

Endovascular repair is an effective and safe treatment. Compared with open laparotomy and primary suture, stent leads to fewer complications and a lower mortality rate.
Ictal Rhythmic Alpha Sinusoidal Waves in 3 Cases of Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis
Authors: Miao Ailiang , Wang Xiaoshan
Published: November 2017

Previous studies have shown that extreme delta brush and high beta/delta power ratio on electroencephalogram are suggestive of anti– N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis. Here we report 3 anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients with ictal rhythmic alpha sinusoidal waves in temporal regions, which suggested electrographic seizures in anti-NMDAR encephalitis and indicated potential for seizure occurrence in the future. Rhythmic alpha sinusoidal waves may be an electrographic feature and helpful in distinguishing anti-NMDAR encephalitis. In addition, extreme delta brush was also observed at 47-50 days after morbidity in 2 of 3 patients.
How do healthcare practitioners talk about end-of-life conversations? A poetic inquiry
Authors: Carter Celina
Published: November 2017

Despite agreement that end-of-life conversations should happen early on in the illness trajectory, it is widely acknowledged that healthcare practitioners often engage in these conversations when death is imminent or avoid the conversation altogether. Healthcare practitioners’ feelings of distress influence how end-of-life conversations are approached, yet thorough exploration of this emotional experience and its impact are largely missing from the literature. The aims of this preliminary scoping literature review using poetic inquiry were to examine physicians’ and nurses’ emotional distress in their accounts of how they approach end-of-life conversations, and to map key concepts relevant to exploring barriers to these conversations. The poetic findings highlight the differing nature of distress for physicians and nurses. Physicians’ distress appears to stem from adhering to their role of ‘curer’ when communicating with terminally ill adult patients at the end of life, whereas the sources of nurses’ distress appear to be interprofessional hierarchies and conflicts. Future research and training that uses methods to decentre and disrupt hierarchies and ingrained practices will be important to nursing practice and in improving end-of-life conversations. Arts-based approaches are one such method that could be pursued.
Two-dimensional warranty: A literature review
Authors: Wang Xiaolin , Xie Wei
Published: November 2017

The warranty policies for capital-intensive products, such as automobiles, heavy equipment, and aircraft engines, typically have two dimensions, that is, the age and usage. During the last two decades, much research has been published on the two-dimensional warranty from many different perspectives. This article reviews and summarizes work and state-of-the-art developments in this research field, with emphasis on both theoretical methodologies and practical applications. In this review, five principal topics are covered: (1) two-dimensional warranty policies, (2) cost analysis of two-dimensional warranty, (3) two-dimensional warranty and engineering/marketing problems, (4) two-dimensional warranty and logistics issues, and (5) two-dimensional long-term warranty. In particular, the practical and application aspects of two-dimensional warranty policies have been surveyed. Overall, 105 journal papers covering 49 journals, published from 1993 to present, are selected and discussed in detail. Finally, some interesting and challenging research topics are presented for the scholars and practitioners to explore new research in this field.
Cost-oriented component redundancy allocation for a communication system subject to correlated failures and a transmission reliability threshold
Authors: Yeh Cheng-Ta , Fiondella Lance , Chang Ping-Chen
Published: November 2017

Transmission quality of a communication/computer system is a high-level objective of system supervisors. Therefore, transmission reliability improvement or optimization is an important issue for many organizations. One way to maximize transmission reliability is to model the system as a stochastic communication network including arcs and nodes and then determine the optimal component redundancy allocation. However, modern components are highly reliable. Thus, a decision maker may be more concerned about cost than reliability. This article considers cost-oriented component allocation subject to a reliability threshold and correlated failures characterized by a correlated binomial distribution model. To solve this problem, we employ a genetic algorithm to search for the optimal component redundancy allocation possessing minimal allocation cost. The computational efficiency of the genetic algorithm–based method is demonstrated through several benchmark networks and compared against several popular soft computing algorithms.
Translating Khmer Second Person Pronouns: Respect, Relations, and Social Conventions in the Gospel of John
Authors: Coffman Kristofer Dale
Published: November 2017

This paper is a case study in the challenges of translating the Greek New Testament into Khmer, the language of Cambodia. The paper focuses on Khmer’s honorific system of second-person pronouns in order to show the difficulties of translating across language families and to highlight the amount of theological interpretation that every Khmer translation entails. Through three examples drawn from the Gospel of John, the paper explores the challenges that Jesus’ presence at the heart of Christian piety poses for a pronominal system that encodes social values such as relation and respect. The paper ends with a reflection on the possible advantages of the study of idiolect for the translation of honorific pronouns.
Excellence by Design: The Patricia A. Hickey Award for Excellence in Cardiovascular Nursing
Authors: Hickey Patricia A.
Published: November 2017

This award reflects the high-impact contributions of pediatric critical care nurses that have helped to shape the field. Lessons from an ongoing career in nursing leadership are shared by Dr Patricia Hickey. Four themes are highlighted which include (1) our role models/mentors, (2) our profession and its impact, (3) our teams and environments of excellence, and (4) our bright future. Program and practice excellence does not just happen. It requires strategic thinking, deliberative processes, risk-taking and guts to create and sustain. A bright future is forecasted with stellar contributions of professional nurses and interprofessional cardiac critical care teams.
Education and Training in Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care
Authors: McBride Mary E. , Beke Dorothy M. , Fortenberry James D. , Imprescia Annette , Callow Louise , Justice Lindsey , Bronicki Ronald A.
Published: November 2017

Pediatric cardiac critical care is a new and emerging field. There is no standardization to the current education provided, and high-quality patient outcomes require such standardization. For physicians, this includes fellowship training, specific competencies, and a certification process. For advanced practice providers, a standardized curriculum as well as a certification process is needed. There is evidence that supports a finding that critical care nursing experience may have a positive impact on outcomes from pediatric cardiac surgery. A rigorous orientation and meaningful continuing education may augment that. For all disciplines and levels of expertise, simulation is a useful modality in the education in pediatric cardiac critical care.
Living in Line with the UNGC Principles: A Hinopak Way of Doing Business
Authors: Mustaghis-ur-Rahman
Published: November 2017

The case revolves around the management-labour union relationship in Hinopak Motors, the manufacturer of world renowned Hino diesel trucks and buses in Pakistan. Following UN Global Compact (UNGC) framework; Hinopak is committed to aligning their operations and strategies with ten universally accepted principles in the areas of human rights, labour, the environment and anti-corruption. The process of implementation of UNGC framework started in 2010. It was expected to not only address labour rights issues, but also to take care of the human rights, transparency in businesses and strive for viable work environment at the company. After six years of continuous efforts Hinopak achieved the obvious outcome in terms of congenial work environment but faced pressure on the financials of the firm. The Hinopak management team wonders can a business in Pakistan grow and flourish even after spending on CSR as per the guidelines of UNGC principles.
Internationalization Strategy of Afcons: Planning and Implementation
Authors: Bhattacharyya Som Sekhar , Jha Sumi
Published: November 2017

Afcons, a major Engineering Procurement and Construction (EPC) firm in India, has been engaged in the business of marine and industrial, oil and gas, rail and metro, surface transport, hydro underground, LNG and downstream hydrocarbons. Mr K. Subrahmanian, the Managing Director (MD) of Afcons, was contented with the internationalization efforts of Afcons. He was also satisfied with the work of Afcons carried out in the last few years in the domestic Indian market. Particularly the order book of the marine business, roads/bridges and rail and metro were satisfactorily filled for the next few years. This was gratifying for Mr Subrahmanian as the external socio-economic context for the EPC firm had been challenging. The growth registered by Afcons had come in hard times. But one of the major focus areas for Afcons had been to generate a substantial amount of revenue, profit and number of projects from international clients. The entry of new competitors and the socio-political changes in India during the past decade have made implementation of infrastructure projects difficult. Given this pressure cooker situation in India, it is important for Afcons to internationalize further so that they are insulated from the risks and tumults of the Indian domestic market. This case talks about the nature and extent of internationalization that Afcons had undertaken. Further, it deliberates on the strategic reasons and logic for the contour of international influence regarding the nature and extent of internationalization.
Competitiveness of Pakistan’s Micro and Small Enterprises Sector
Authors: Shahzad Khuram , Ahmad Farhan , Bajwa Sami Ullah , Rasheed Muhammad Athar
Published: November 2017

It was a perturbing meeting for Mujtba Akram, Head of the Industry Support Cell in Micro and Small Enterprises Development Organization (MSEDO), an organization working specifically for technology transfer and skills upgradation in industrial sectors of Pakistan. The Management Committee (MC), comprising of all eight newly appointed General Managers (GMs) and Chairman of MSEDO, has very candidly told Mujtaba that his approach to run Micro and Small Enterprises Support Cell (MSESC) has been short sighted; resultantly, both the country as well MSEDO has missed a great opportunity to augment technological competitiveness among local micro and small enterprises (MSEs). He was asked to submit a detailed explanation to the MC, in purview of the discussions held during the meeting.
HIV-Related Knowledge among PLWHA Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital at Coastal South India—A Facility-Based Study
Authors: Banagi Yathiraj Arjun , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Ramapuram John T. , Thapar Rekha , Mithra Prasanna , Madi Deepak , Kumar Nithin , Kulkarni Vaman , Holla Ramesh , Ambalavanan Jayachidambaram , Darshan BB
Published: November 2017

Background:

Adequate knowledge about HIV/AIDS among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is essential for the prevention of HIV transmission.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study consisting of 409 PLHIV aged ≥18 years were interviewed regarding their HIV-related knowledge, from April 2014 to April 2015. HIV-related knowledge was assessed using the HIV knowledge questionnaire 18 . Univariate and multivariate analyses were done to determine the factors associated with high HIV-related knowledge. Odds ratios with its corresponding 95% confidence intervals were reported. A value of P < .05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:

Among 409 PLHIV, 46.2% had high HIV-related knowledge. Univariate analysis yields factors like upper socioeconomic status, those who are literates, unemployed, and adherent to antiretroviral therapy (ART) were associated with higher HIV-related knowledge. On multivariate analysis, upper socioeconomic status and adherence to ART were the factors that remained significantly associated with higher HIV-related knowledge.

Conclusion:

HIV-related knowledge among PLHIV can be improved through HIV educational programs.
The economic burden of stroke care in England, Wales and Northern Ireland: Using a national stroke register to estimate and report patient-level health economic outcomes in stroke
Authors: Xu Xiang-Ming , Vestesson Emma , Paley Lizz , Desikan Anita , Wonderling David , Hoffman Alex , Wolfe Charles DA , Rudd Anthony G , Bray Benjamin D
Published: November 2017

Introduction

Stroke registries are used in many settings to measure stroke treatment and outcomes, but rarely include data on health economic outcomes. We aimed to extend the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme registry of England, Wales and Northern Ireland to derive and report patient-level estimates of the cost of stroke care.

Methods

An individual patient simulation model was built to estimate health and social care costs at one and five years after stroke, and the cost-benefits of thrombolysis and early supported discharge. Costs were stratified according to age, sex, stroke type (ischaemic or primary intracerebral haemorrhage) and stroke severity. The results were illustrated using data on all patients with stroke included in Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme from April 2015 to March 2016 (n = 84,184).

Results

The total cost of health and social care for patients with acute stroke each year in England, Wales and Northern Ireland was £3.60 billion in the first five years after admission (mean per patient cost: £46,039). There was fivefold variation in the magnitude of costs between patients, ranging from £19,101 to £107,336. Costs increased with older age, increasing stroke severity and intracerebral hemorrhage stroke. Increasing the proportion of eligible patients receiving thrombolysis or early supported discharge was estimated to save health and social care costs by five years after stroke.

Discussion

The cost of stroke care is large and varies widely between patients. Increasing the proportion of eligible patients receiving thrombolysis or early supported discharge could contribute to reducing the financial burden of stroke.

Conclusion

Extending stroke registers to report individualised data on costs may enhance their potential to support quality improvement and research.
Maternal mental health and child problem behaviours: disentangling the role of depression and borderline personality dysfunction
Authors: Huntley Fay , Wright Nicola , Pickles Andrew , Sharp Helen , Hill Jonathan
Published: November 2017

Background

It is not known whether associations between child problem behaviours and maternal depression can be accounted for by comorbid borderline personality disorder (BPD) dysfunction.

Aim

To examine the contributions of maternal depression and BPD symptoms to child problem behaviours.

Method

Depression trajectories over the fist-year postpartum were generated using repeated measurement from a general population sample of 997 mothers recruited in pregnancy. In a stratified subsample of 251, maternal depression and BPD symptoms were examined as predictors of child problem behaviours at 2.5 years.

Results

Child problem behaviours were predicted by a high maternal depression trajectory prior to the inclusion of BPD symptoms. This association was no longer significant after the introduction of BPD symptoms.

Conclusions

Risks for child problem behaviours currently attributed to maternal depression may arise from more persistent and pervasive difficulties found in borderline personality dysfunction.
Multiple system atrophy: genetic risks and alpha-synuclein mutations
Authors: Whittaker Heather T , Qui Yichen , Bettencourt Conceição , Houlden Henry
Published: November 2017

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is one of the few neurodegenerative disorders where we have a significant understanding of the clinical and pathological manifestations but where the aetiology remains almost completely unknown. Research to overcome this hurdle is gaining momentum through international research collaboration and a series of genetic and molecular discoveries in the last few years, which have advanced our knowledge of this rare synucleinopathy. In MSA, the discovery of α-synuclein pathology and glial cytoplasmic inclusions remain the most significant findings. Families with certain types of α-synuclein mutations develop diseases that mimic MSA, and the spectrum of clinical and pathological features in these families suggests a spectrum of severity, from late-onset Parkinson’s disease to MSA. Nonetheless, controversies persist, such as the role of common α-synuclein variants in MSA and whether this disorder shares a common mechanism of spreading pathology with other protein misfolding neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review these issues, specifically focusing on α-synuclein mutations.
Dyslipidemia: Genetics, lipoprotein lipase and HindIII polymorphism
Authors: Palacio Rojas Marcos , Prieto Carem , Bermúdez Valmore , Garicano Carlos , Núñez Nava Trina , Martínez María Sofía , Salazar Juan , Rojas Edward , Pérez Arturo , Marca Vicuña Paulo , González Martínez Natalia , Maldonado Parra Santiago , Hoedebecke Kyle , D’Addosio Rosanna , Cano Clímaco , Rojas Joselyn
Published: November 2017

The direct link between lipid metabolism alterations and the increase of cardiovascular risk are well documented. Dyslipidemias, including isolated high LDL-c or mixed dyslipidemia, such as those seen in diabetes (hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL-c or low HDL-c), correlate with a significant risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease worldwide.  This review analyzes the current knowledge concerning the genetic basis of lipid metabolism alterations, emphasizing lipoprotein lipase gene mutations and the HindIII polymorphism, which are associated with decreased levels of triglycerides and LDL-c, as well as higher levels of HDL-c. These patterns would be associated with decreased global morbidity and mortality, providing protection against cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Assistência de Enfermagem ao Paciente portador de Esquizofrenia: Uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura
Authors: Souza Jaqueline Muniz , Gusmão Lorena D´Oliveira
Published: November 2017

Este artigo objetiva discutir a assistência de enfermagem prestada ao portador de esquizofrenia, para tanto, esta trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura com artigos datados de 2011 a 2017. Os artigos analisados mostraram a importância do relacionamento interpessoal na assistência ao portador de esquizofrenia, tanto no lidar com a família quanto no contato direto com o paciente. Sugere-se que a assistência de enfermagem deve alcançar a família e as relações interpessoais do portador de esquizofrenia, no intuito de mantê-lo no convívio familiar e social, ampliando a sua interação social. Uma vez que, o relacionamento interpessoal adequado é um importante aliado no combate aos danos causados por essa patologia. Sugere-se, ampliar o campo da pesquisa em assistência de enfermagem a pacientes esquizofrênicos, a fim de melhorar as práticas de saúdes, além de aplicar os modelos desenvolvidos neste trabalho a novos estudos sobre temas associados a esse assunto.
Trabajo de campo dendrocronológico para estudios de Geografía Física. Experiencias en los volcanes Popocatépetl e Iztaccíhuatl, 2006-2017
Authors: Franco-Ramos Osvaldo , Vázquez Selem Lorenzo
Published: November 2017

En el presente trabajo se exponen los materiales y métodos de campo utilizados en dendrocronología, aplicados al estudio de fenómenos de la Geografía Física relacionados con las geoformas y el clima. A través de diferentes rutas realizadas durante poco más de una década (2006 a 2017) en la Sierra Nevada, podemos observar los distintos escenarios ambientales que tuvimos la oportunidad de conocer y muestrear. El trabajo de campo se llevó a cabo en las barrancas de la vertiente norte del volcán Popocatépetl (Figura 1) y en la vertiente norte y suroeste del volcán Iztaccíhuatl (Figura 2), con el objetivo de conocer el potencial dendrocronológico de distintas especies de coníferas y la respuesta ante fenómenos climáticos, procesos volcánicos y geomorfológicos.
Herausforderungen und Perspektiven für ein geisteswissenschaftliches Forschungsdatenzentrum
Authors: Bingert Sven , Buddenbohm Stefan , Engelhardt Claudia , Kurzawe Daniel
Published: November 2017

Durch die Zunahme an digitalen Forschungsmethoden in den Geisteswissenschaften nimmt auch die Nachfrage nach Diensten zum Forschungsdatenmanagement rasant zu. Wir beschreiben die sich daraus ergebenden Herausforderungen und Perspektiven eines geisteswissenschaftlichen Datenzentrums zur nachhaltigen Sicherung und Bereitstellung digitaler Forschung am Beispiel des Humanities Data Centres.
Limiting the Program of Temporary Residence Permits for Foreigners Based on Real Property Investment in Latvia
Authors: Viesturs Jānis , Puķīte Iveta , Vanags Jānis , Nikuradze Irakli
Published: November 2017

There exists sharp competition amongst nations regarding the increasing foreign investments; therefore, nations are willing to offer foreign investors and their families some type of political bonus, such as temporary residence permit, permanent residence permit, or even citizenship. The simplest way to entice investors is to offer them and their family members temporary residence permits in exchange for investments - simply by purchasing real property (via the so-called “Golden Visa” program). Such a program was launched in Latvia in 2010; however, significant limitations were placed on it in 2014. This research (1) compares the “Golden Visa” programs in different countries in the world, (2) determines the impact of the program on the real property market of Latvia, and (3) searches for the main reason why limitations were applied to the temporary residence permit program in 2014, which resulted in a significant decrease in the international investments in Latvia (this part of the paper is based on the results of the following research: Viesturs, J., Auziņš, A., & Štaube, T. (2017). Arguments Used for Restricting International Real Property Transactions: Case Study of Latvia).