bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efikasi Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) Terhadap Penyakit Bercak Daun (Cercospora arachidicola) Pada Tanaman Kacang Tanah
Authors: Meliyana Rosita , Wardana Rudi , Syarief Mochamad
Published: April 2019

Cercospora arachidicola merupakan patogen yang menyebabkan penyakit bercak daun pada tanaman kacang tanah. Serangan penyakit bercak daun pada tanaman kacang tanah dapat menurunkan hasil akibat patogen yang menyerang pada saat pengisian polong. Penggunaan pestisida sintetik dalam pengendalian penyakit tanaman dapat menimbulkan efek residu yang membahayakan lingkungan. Untuk mengurangi dampak negatif tersebut diperlukan upaya perlindungan tanaman dengan penggunaan pestisida nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efikasi ekstrak daun kemangi terhadap penyakit bercak daun (Cercospora arachidicola) pada tanaman kacang tanah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada November 2017 sampai Februari 2018 di lahan percobaan Desa Baratan, Kecamatan Patrang, Kabupaten Jember dan laboratorium perlindungan tanaman Politeknik Negeri Jember. Penelitian mengunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) non faktorial 5 perlakuan dengan (P0) fungisida sintetik 1 ml/liter, ekstrak daun kemangi 25 % (P1), ekstrak daun kemangi 50% (P2), ekstrak daun kemangi 75 % (P3), dan ekstrak daun kemangi 100 % (P4) . Hasil uji anova pada penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efikasi ekstrak daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) terhadap penyakit bercak daun (Cercospora arachidicola) pada tanaman kacang tanah tidak berbeda nyata pada parameter intensitas serangan, jumlah polong, berat basah polong, dan berat kering polong kacang tanah. Peningkatan serangan Cercospora arachidicola berdampak dalam pengurangan hasil panen kacang tanah pada uji korelasi.
SHONICNO (SMART GARDEN HOME AQUAPONIC BASED ARDUINO)
Authors: Nuha Fahmi Ulin , Rizal Zazid Abdul , Permatasari Dina Desi
Published: April 2019

Aquaponik merupakan sistem modern yang telah banyak diterapkan. Sistem aquaponik ini diterapkan pada Shonicno (smart garden home aquaponik based arduino) yang bertujuan untuk mempermudah pengaplikasiannya dalam ruang lingkup keluarga dan meningkatkan semangat dalam bercocok tanam dan budidaya ikan dikarenakan kekurangan waktu untuk merawat tanaman juga lahan yang sempit. Pengguna dari sistem ini dapat memilih tanaman, dari tanaman sayur maupun tanaman hias, ikan yang berada dalam akuarium juga dapat diisi dengan ikan hias maupun ikan untuk dikonsumsi. Shonicno ini menggunakan sistem otomasi yang bekerja secara otomatis menggunakan mikrokontroller arduino sebagai pengendali dari shonicno. Sistem otomasi meliputi dari pengaturan suhu, kelembapan, pakan ikan dan pengganti sinar matahari yang dibutuhkan tanaman dan sebagai ouput dari sistem ini ditampilkan pada LCD nokia. Monitoring shonicno dibantu dari kinerja sensor tambahan yang terpasang pada perangkat dengan koneksi nirkabel. Keseluruhan kerja dari perangkat diprogram melalui compiler arduino dan ditanam pada otak perangkat hingga menjadi sistem yang tertanam (embedded system). Fasilitas pada shonicno mempermudah keluarga untuk mengontrol budidaya tanaman, budidaya ikan dan untuk hiasan rumah.
APLIKASI PEMANTAUAN STATUS GIZI BERDASARKAN PENGUKURAN ANTROPOMETRI MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY LOGIC
Authors: Sari Diska Yunita , Dewanto Wahyu K. , Surateno Surateno
Published: April 2019

Masalah kekurangan gizi pada orang dewasa (usia 18 tahun keatas) merupakan masalah penting, karena selain mempunyai resiko penyakit-penyakit tertentu, juga dapat mempengaruhi produktifitas kerja. Oleh karena itu, pemantauan keadaan tersebut perlu dilakukan secara berkesinambungan. Salah satu cara adalah dengan mempertahankan berat badan yang ideal atau normal.  Status gizi merupakan deskripsi keseimbangan antara asupan gizi dengan kebutuhan tubuh secara individual. Pada dasarnya status gizi dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor yaitu konsumsi makanan, pendidikan orang tua, pendapatan orang tua, dan kesadaran orang tua tentang pentingnya masalah gizi, akan tetapi akan tetapi faktor yang dominan adalah faktor konsumsi makanan.Antropometri merupakan salah satu metode yang dapat dipakai secara universal, tidak mahal untuk mengukur ukuran, bagian, dan komposisi tubuh manusia. Antropometri penting untuk kesehatan masyarakat dan dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan dan kesejahteraan sosial. Selain itu, aplikasi antropometri dapat dipakai untuk menilai status pertumbuhan, status gizi dan obesitas, olah raga, teknik dan lanjut usia.
PENGENALAN KONSENTRASI WARNA PELUMAS MENGGUNAKAN WEBCAM
Authors: Winarno Winarno , Arifianto Deny , Nahdliyah Sisca D N , Pratama M Z , Nuswantari R A
Published: April 2019

The number of fake lubricants in Indonesia has made many people nervous. In 2008, 50% to 60% of lubricants that already existed in Indonesia were fake, therefore carefulness was needed in choosing these lubricating products. The first step that can be done to identify fake lubricants is to recognize by its color. Therefore, this research aims to design a device that is able to recognize the color of lubricants using a webcam. The research sample is base oil with levels of red and blue, each of which is 0 ppm, 10 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, and 200 ppm. This sample is characterized by the color composition used as a reference system, then tested to identify other samples. Characterization is done by placing a sample on a cuvette and inserting it into the sample room with adequate lighting. The web camera is used to take sample pictures, then the image is analyzed based on color composition. Based on the results of tests that have been conducted, it shows that this system is able to identify 100% lubricant samples correctly. These results indicate that it is very possible to develop an early detection method for lubricating oil based on the composition of the colors using a webcam.
TECHNICAL REGULATION OF THE SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING SPATIAL DATA
Authors: Yablonsky L. I.
Published: April 2019

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Polarization Transfer via Field Sweeping in Parahydrogen-Enhanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Eills James , Blanchard John W. , Wu Teng , Bengs Christian , Hollenbach Julia , Budker Dmitry , Levitt Malcolm H.
Published: April 2019

We show that in a spin system of two magnetically inequivalent protons coupled to a heteronucleus such as 13C, an adiabatic magnetic field sweep, passing through zero field, transfers proton singlet order into magnetization of the coupled heteronucleus. This effect is potentially useful in parahydrogen-enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance, and is demonstrated on singlet-hyperpolarized [1-13C]maleic acid, which is prepared via the reaction between [1-13C]acetylene dicarboxylic acid and para-enriched hydrogen gas. The magnetic field sweeps are of microtesla amplitudes, and have durations on the order of seconds. We show a polarization enhancement by a factor of 104 in the 13C spectra of [1-13C]maleic acid in a 1.4 T magnetic field.
THE EFFECT OF BALANCED SCORECARD IMPLEMENTATION ON MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE PT BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI
Authors: Fikriani Alifia
Published: April 2019

This study is the application of balanced scorecard on performance management of the Bank Syariah Mandiri Branch Bogor. Utilized a quantitative approach,the statistical method used is multiple linear regression. The sampling method was convenience sampling, which were 38 employees of Bank Syariah Mandiri Bogor. The quality test data used in this study using a test of validity, reliability testing, and distribution frequency questionnaire statement. As for testing the test, the test, t-test, and test the coefficient of determination. The results of the SPSS Version 23.0 for the adjusted R Square result were obtained from the SPSS were 89.4% while the remaining 10.6% were influenced by other variables that are not known. The results show that customer perspective, learning and growth perspective variables are positive and significant effect on management performance. While the financial perspective and internal business process have a positive and not significant perspective on management performance in Bank Syariah Mandiri Branch of Bogor.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENDESKRIPSIKAN PROSES PEMBENTUKAN BAYANGAN MELALUI MEDIA ANIMASI PADA SISWA KELAS VIII-G SMPN 1 PUNCU
Authors: Nugraheni Widyanti
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mendeskripsikan proses pembentukan bayangan pada siswa kelas VIII-G SMPN 1 Puncu, dengan menggunakan media animasi powerpoint. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas dengan 2 siklus. Penelitian ini menggunakan indikator keberhasilan kemampuan mendeskripsikan proses pembentukan bayangan sebesar 75. Hasil penelitian siklus I: rata-rata kemampuan identifikasi siswa : 64,5, pada siklus II: 77,8. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media animasi powerpoint dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa kelas VIII-G SMPN 1 Puncu dalam mendeskripsikan proses pembentukan bayangan pada peristiwa pemantulan dan pembiasan.Kata Kunci: Proses pembentukan bayangan, media animasi
THE EFFECTS OF THE COMMON FISHERIES POLICY ON THE THEORY OF THE AVAILABILITY OF MARINE RESOURCES
Authors: Gielo-Politewicz Magdalena
Published: April 2019

The aim of the paper is to present issues connected with responsibility in the fishery industry. The paper discusses the ‘tragedy of common.’ An attempt was made to formulate proposals for how to increase the efficiency of marine resource management and reduce the problem of declining fisheries. The publication analyses the current Common Fisheries Policy in the context of overfishing. It will take a great deal of serious effort for fishermen, scientists and politicians to solve the problem of the Baltic Sea. The rebirth of fish stocks will create healthier ecosystems and greater reproduction of fish populations. A higher number of fish schools may result in more balanced catch figures. It is expected that profits will increase and thereby result in more jobs and higher salaries, leading to a greater overall profitability of the fishing sector.

JEL classification: Q 22
РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ АВТОМАТИЗОВАНОЇ СИСТЕМИ КЕРУВАННЯ ОБЛАДНАННЯМ ОВОЧЕСХОВИЩА НА БАЗІ НЕЧІТКИХ НЕЙРОННИХ МЕРЕЖ
Authors: Yermilova N. , Kyslytsia S. , Tarasiuk R.
Published: April 2019

У статті розглядаються недоліки існуючих систем автоматичного керування (САК) роботою холодильного обладнання овочесховищ та способи усунення цих недоліків. Запропоновано відмежуватися від традиційних методів керування та перейти до використання інтелектуальних методів, які дозволять системі гнучко адаптуватися при зміні внутрішніх параметрів об'єкту та збурювальних дій в широкому діапазоні змінення їх величин. Розроблено математичні моделі окремих елементів системи – повітроохолоджувача, зволожувача повітря та холодильної камери, на базі яких створено узагальнену модель САК холодильного зберігання, котра дозволила визначити температуру та вологовміст повітря в динаміці. Проведеними теоретичними дослідженнями взаємодії охолоджувального повітря з об'єктом зберігання встановлено визначальний вплив температури на динаміку втрат продукту та визначено основний параметр регулювання – зміна холодопродуктивності компресорної установки в функції температури повітря на виході камери шляхом зміни об'ємних витрат холодоагенту, яка здійснюється регулюванням частоти обертання вала компресора. Проведений синтез нейроінформаційної експертної системи автоматичного керування холодопродуктивністю компресора, проаналізовані графічні залежності потужності на валу компресора від вхідних параметрів. Виявилося, що мінімальна потужність компресора досягається зменшенням теплонадходжень в камеру як із зовні, так і з середини холодильної камери, а масові витрати повітря впливають тільки на швидкість охолодження. Зроблено висновок, що визначення потужності компресора за допомогою нечітких нейронних мереж відповідає поставленій задачі. Запропоновано схему для апаратної та програмної реалізації САК технологічним мікрокліматом в холодильній камері з використанням системи СКАДА.
РОЗРОБКА МЕТОДУ ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ АНОМАЛЬНОГО СТАНУ КОМП’ЮТЕРНОЇ СИСТЕМИ НА ОСНОВІ НЕЧІТКОЇ ЛОГІКИ
Authors: Gavrilenko S.
Published: April 2019

Предметом статті є дослідження методів ідентифікації аномального стану комп’ютерних системах. Метою статті є розробка методу ідентифікації аномального стану комп’ютерної системи на основі методу нечіткої логіки. Завдання: дослідити існуючі методи ідентифікації аномального стану комп’ютерних систем; з метою вибору вхідних даних проаналізувати РЕ-структуру шкідливого та безпечного програмного забезпечення та виділити ознаки; оцінити ознаки за допомогою апарату лінійного програмування для подальшого аналізу; розробити метод ідентифікації стану комп’ютерної системи на основі нечіткої логіки, дослідити та обґрунтувати вибір типу функції приналежності, виконати мінімізацію кількості правил, провести тестування. Використовуваними методами є: апарат лінійного програмування та апарат нечіткої логіки. Отримано такі результати. Розроблено метод ідентифікації стану комп’ютерної системи на основі нечіткої логіки. Для цього вибрано ознаки шкідливого та безпечного програмного забезпечення та оцінено їх за допомогою апарату лінійного програмування, обґрунтовано вибір типу функції приналежності, виконано мінімізацію кількості правил. Проведено тестування запропонованого методу. Висновки. Наукова новизна отриманих результатів полягає в наступному: розроблено метод ідентифікації стану комп’ютерної системи на основі нечіткої логіки Мамдані, обґрунтовано вибір типу функції приналежності, виконано мінімізацію кількості правил методом часткового опису за рахунок попарного врахування нечітких множин вхідних змінних, що дозволило збільшити швидкодію методу ідентифікації в 5 разів.
Relations between the national diaspora in Canada and Ukraine (1991–2014)
Authors: Potikha Zinaida
Published: April 2019

The article illustrates the relations between the national diaspora in Canada and Ukraine during 1991–2014. It is emphasized that during the long-term presence of Ukrainians in the cities of Canada the Ukrainian diaspora has been growing and consolidating around the civic organizations and Ukrainian cultural centers with the biggest ones being located in Ontario and Alberta, which are the places with the largest Ukrainian population.
It provides the analysis of influence of the Ukrainian diaspora on the cooperation between Ukraine and Canada through civic organizations, the most influential of which are the following: Ukrainian Canadian Congress — acts as the representative of the Ukrainian diaspora before the government and people of Canada, coordinates and promotes its involvement in the cultural and public life of the country, and unites 33 Ukrainian and all-Canadian organizations and their branches; Ukrainian Catholic Women’s League of Canada — supports the religious education and Ukrainian publishing houses, arranges religious seminars on the study of Bible, Ukrainian rituals and traditions; Plast — promotes the complex patriotic self-education of the Ukrainian youth based on the Christian ethics principles, as the conscientious, responsible and meaningful citizens of the local, national and global communities and the Ukrainian society leaders; they also hold the leading positions in the civic organizations — in student’s clubs or in the Ukrainian Canadian Congress. At the same time, in Ukraine the civic organizations, such as the “Ukraine-Svit” company and Ukrainian World Coordinating Council cooperate with the national diaspora in Canada. It is emphasized that the intensification of relations between the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada and Ukraine is the key component of the modern national ethnical policy. It is concluded that the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada created the positive image of Ukraine abroad that contributed to the recognition of its independence in 1991 and further establishment of connections between the countries. The article substantiates the perspectives for bilateral cooperation of countries in the field of politics, economics, trade, culture and education.
Bund and the use of terrorism in political struggle (1897–1907)
Authors: Gula Volodymyr
Published: April 2019

The subject of this article is the views of the General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Poland and Russia (Bund) on the use of terrorist methods in the political struggle. An analysis of the evolution of party’s views on this issue is carried out on the basis of personal testimonies from members of the Bund, as well as documents of the Police Department. Chronologically, the article covers the period from the creation of the Bund to the end of the revolution of 1905. During this period, the revival of terrorism
in the Russian political arena was taking place: the escalation of socio-economic and ethnic conflicts under the conditions of an autocratic monarchy had an inevitable consequence the surge of violence. The Bund, on the one hand, the Social-Democratic Party, and on the other — the leading political force 64 ISSN 2524-0757 Київські історичні студії: науковий журнал • № 2 (7), 2018 р. of nationality discriminated against in the empire, faced on difficult choice. Official party resolutions condemned terrorism, since this method left the masses passive. The struggle against the existing regime
in this case was conducted only by individual heroes. At the same time, attempts by the government to maintain the authority of the autocratic monarchy among the society were completed by the search for enemies, convenient to see in the Jews, especially given their low integration into the imperial society. Therefore, a situation need self-defense: at the initiative of the Bund the paramilitary formations are founded. In 1905 this formations played a role in ending of the pogrom wave, that rocked by the cities and towns of the West and South-West provinces of the Russian Empire.
AS POLÍTICAS DE EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL NO BRASIL E A QUALIFICAÇÃO DOS TRABALHADORES
Authors: Sousa Tássia Pinheiro de , Lima Sales Francisco José
Published: April 2019

Neste estudo, faremos um resgate histórico das políticas de educação profissional no Brasil, visando identificar a concepção de qualificação proposta pelas políticas de educação profissional.  Partiremos da história da educação profissional desde o Brasil Colônia até os anos 2000, vislumbrando o processo de qualificação em cada década até chegarmos ao Pronatec. Tais discussões serão subsidiadas pelos pensamentos de Manfredi (2002), Libâneo (2001), Cunha (2000a) e Ferreti (1997). É possível perceber que a perspectiva tecnicista persiste atualmente, principalmente através dos programas de qualificação, a exemplo do Pronatec, tendo em vista que a qualificação, de modo geral, é rápida e focada nos processos produtivos.
PROVINHA BRASIL E SUAS POSSIBILIDADES NO PLANEJAMENTO DOCENTE: REFLEXÕES DE PROFESSORES DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA MUNICIPAL DA REGIÃO SUDOESTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Zanlorenzi Maria Josélia , Tibes Elisane Daló Tibes
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo trata-se de um Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC), desenvolvido no Curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste UNICENTRO/Guarapuava-PR realizado no ano letivo de 2017. Tivemos como objetivo dessa pesquisa analisar as possibilidades de utilizar os resultados da Provinha Brasil como diagnóstico de planejamento escolar. Bem como entender os impactos que a utilização desses resultados causam ao currículo. Este trabalho foi elaborado com base em estudos bibliográficos e documentais, sendo utilizados artigos e dissertações de mestrado que contemplam a discussão em torno da problemática. Utilizou-se, também, a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação 9394/96, as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais da Educação Básica e Soares (2009). Através da investigação foi possível observar que utilizar os resultados dessa avaliação na elaboração do planejamento escolar e do professor, leva ao engessamento do currículo e a classificação dos alunos.
Parameters of Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Protection in Men with Pathological Spermogram Variants
Authors: Kurashova Nadezhda A. , Kudeyarova Ekaterina A. , Kuznetsova Ekaterina O.
Published: April 2019

Background. Today infertile marriage is not only a serious medical, but also a socio-demographic and economic problem. Male factor contributes averagely to half of the cases of the disease in couples. Such factors as high levels of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress have been reported to compromise the process of spermatogenesis and sperm function in men. Oxidative stress is a significant risk factor for male infertility. A pro-oxidant testicular environment may alter the expression profile of functional sperm proteins and result in poor sperm quality.

Aims. To study the characteristics of the intensity of the processes of lipoperoxidation and antioxidant status in the ejaculate of men with different variants of spermograms.

Materials and methods. We examined 69 men with primary infertility and 155 fertile men. The content of lipid peroxidation components and antioxidant protection was determined by spectrophotometric method.

Results. The results of the study in men with infertility and asthenozoospermia showed decreased total antioxidant activity of sperm by 50 % and α-tocopherol by 52 %, and in men with infertility and oligozoospermia, decreased total antioxidant activity of sperm by 47 % and α-tocopherol by 41 %.

Conclusions. The analysis indicates a change in the parameters of the system of lipid peroxidation – antioxidant defense system and confirms the development of oxidative stress in them. Depending on the pathological state of the ejaculate in men of reproductive age, lipid peroxidation processes have their own characteristics. In men with oligozoospermia, peroxidation processes occur more intensively. Activation of lipid peroxidation – antioxidant defense system processes can be both a consequence and a cause of various metabolic changes in the human body.
Bone Regeneration in the Application of a New Device for Osteosynthesis in the Experiment
Authors: Suchkov Dmitriy I. , Pavlov Artem V. , Vinogradov Aleksandr A. , Zherebyatyeva Svetlana R. , Timofeev Vasiliy E. , Lazutina Galina S. , Ovchinnikova Natalya V. , Tarasova Viktoria N.
Published: April 2019

Background. Treatment of residual cavities after radical surgery for bone diseases is a vital problem of modern traumatology. Currently, there is an active search for devices both for osteosynthesis and bone-substituting masses. Aims. The purpose of this work was to test a new device for osteosynthesis. It can be used both for fixing bone fragments, and for studying the morphological features of bone regenerate in experiment.

Materials and methods. A device for bone osteosynthesis of tubular bones in an experiment (Patent of the Russian Federation N 20116121487) was applied. The device consisted of two half-bushings, fastened to each other by a fierce clamp. Polypropylene was used as the material for the half-bushings, therefore no immunological reactions were observed. On the inner surface there were silicone cylinders, which directed pressure on the fragments and did not disturb the nutrition of the periosteum. The experiment was performed on Wistar rats. The surgical defect of the femur was filled with hydroxyapatite. Two groups of animals were identified. The bone in the first group was fixed by the device. The wire cerclage was used in the second group.

Results. The study showed that the developed device does not disturb the nutrition of the periosteum, and also tightly fixes the osteoplastic material in the bone defect. Histological examination showed that bone regeneration was faster when the device was used. On the 21st day of the experiment, the regenerate filled the defect in the control group by 62 %, and in the experimental group by 73 %. The regenerate was represented by a woven bone. In all animals, bone regenerate formed a strong osteo-integrative connection with the maternal bone. In both groups, it looked like a mature bone tissue at the end of the experiment (28 days).

Conclusion. The data indicate that the device does not disturb the processes of bone formation and allows for more efficient use osteoplastic material.
Application of the Fibrous Autograft in Posttraumatic Bone Regeneration of the Lower Jaw
Authors: Usachev Vladimir A. , Artashyan Olga S. , Kotomtsev Vyacheslav V. , Senkin Gleb S. , Solosina Daria A.
Published: April 2019

The search for new types of bone substitutes is one of the topical problems of biology and medicine. The paper considered the role of fibrous autograft in reparative bone regeneration in the rat’s lower jaw model. Thirty Wistar rats were taken in the experiment: 15 in the experimental and 15 in the control group. Fibrous autograft was formed on the cellophane basis under the skin on the back of rats. Injury in the lower jaw with a diameter of 2 mm was formed and a fibrous graft was placed in injuries in the experimental group. Five animals from each groups were sacrificed at the first, third and fifth weeks of the experiment. The object of the further research was the samples of the lower jaws stained according to Van Gieson. Histological examination of the bone defect of the experimental group after 1 week showed absence of bone fragments and formation of fibrous callosity in the trauma zone. Further study of regenerate at the 3rd and the 5th weeks showed accelerated bone wound healing in the experimental group (compared to the control group). Thus, the autograft stimulates the process of bone tissue restoration in the area of the defect of the lower jaw model.
Modern Trends of the Development of Primary School-Aged Children (Literature Review)
Authors: Chanchaeva Elena A. , Aizman Roman I. , Sidorov Sergey S. , Popova Elena V. , Simonova Olga I.
Published: April 2019

The beginning of children’s school education is a potential risk of morphofunctional and psycho-physiological disorders in the body because of the significant reduction in daily physical activity, the change in day regimen, emotional and intellectual stress, which are often inadequate for the age-related psycho-physiological capabilities of schoolchildren. In this paper, we analyzed the literature on the development of modern children of primary school age according to the results of the assessment of morphological, functional and mental indicators. The identification of a general trend in the development of primary school-aged children is necessary for determination and development of health-saving programs to implement in the system of modern education. A review of data on the development of younger school children over the past 20 years shows an increase in the number of children with digressions in physical development, deterioration in physical fitness, delay of biological age from actual age, stress of the cardiovascular system, decrease in lung capacity and muscle strength. This pattern is manifested regardless of the region of residence and the nationality of children. There is an increase in the number of children with learning difficulties. Among the reasons for these changes, researchers highlight the complexity of the educational program, physical inactivity, the delay of physical development and, at the same time, medical and social successes of the state, allowing preserving the life of newborns even with somatic and neurological abnormalities. In connection with the identified trend of development of modern primary school children, the measures are needed to optimize children’s learning activities by the following criteria: level of physical activity, intensity of intellectual loads, rest mode.
TUGAS 2 MAYANG SARI 175100024 (KONFIGURASI VOIP PADA CISCO PACKET TRACER
Authors: mayangsari
Published: April 2019

Voice over Internet Protocol ( Voice over IP , VoIP dan IP telephony ) adalah metodologi dan kelompok teknologi untuk penyampaian komunikasi suara dan sesi multimedia melalui jaringan Internet Protocol (IP), seperti Internet . Istilah telepon Internet , telepon broadband , dan layanan telepon broadband secara khusus mengacu pada penyediaan layanan komunikasi (voice, fax , SMS , pesan suara) melalui Internet publik, bukan melalui jaringan telepon umum.KataKunci:KONFIGURASI VOIP PADA CISCO PACKET TRACER
SISTEM PENGAWASAN INTERN PEMBELIAN BAHAN BAKU PADA PT. PERKASA MOSTINDO UTAMA MEDAN (PMU) MEDAN
Authors: elfina
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini di/akukan pada PT. Perkasa Mostindo Utama (PMU) Medan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui sistem pengawasan intern terhadap pembelian bahan baku pada perusabaan tersebut. Untuk mendapatkan informasi dari data-data tersebut penulis menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif yaitu proses perorangan atau pengelompakan data sehlngga memberikan satu gambaran mengenai kondisi yang diteliti dan metode analisis deduktif yaitu membandingkan antara teori-teori dengan kenyataan yang terjadi sebenarnya pada perusahaan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT. Perkasa Mostindo Ufama (PMU) Medan menggunakan sistem pengawasan intern pembelian bahan baku mengunakan dokomen-dokumen yang meliputi surat pesanan pembelian, surat pengantar barang, faktur penjualan, tanda terima barang dan bukti kas keluar.
Notre-Dame de l’Assomption de Behzina dans le diocèse du Hosn
Authors: Davie May
Published: April 2019

Depuis les années 1950, Notre-Dame de l'Assomption est l'église paroissiale du village de Behzina. Elle est située sur une terrasse agricole en contrebas de ce bourg, dans la partie syrienne de la plaine du Akkar, et relève de l'évêché grec orthodoxe du Hosn. Auparavant, Notre-Dame était une chapelle votive. Cette contrée très peu peuplée ne constituait pas encore une paroisse. La chapelle est aujourd'hui dans un état délabré et risque de s'effondrer. On ne la restaure plus depuis qu'une église moderne, dédiée aussi à Notre-Dame, est en train d'être construite plus haut, sur le versant opposé, pour la remplacer. Notre-Dame est pourtant un monument historique. Elle remonte au Moyen Âge, ayant surgi à l'endroit ou à côté d'un sanctuaire d'âge byzantin dont des blocs de basalte, sculptés de croix typiques de cette période, sont en remploi dans la façade principale. C'est dire que la chapelle a plus de 1000 ans d'âge. Sur la suite de son histoire, on ne sait pas grand chose si ce n'est qu'elle fut incendiée sous le Mamelouks. On n'a retrouvé aucun vestige pour témoigner des phases ultérieures d' éventuelles restaurations ou de reconstructions.
Encore sur l’icône de Kaftoun : rapport préliminaire sur le décor singulier de son encadrement
Authors: Hélou Nada
Published: April 2019

Le monastère de Notre-Dame de Kaftoun qui se situe dans le nord du Liban est connu pour être l'un des monastères les plus anciens du pays (Hélou 2007a, 292-295 , Mouawad 2001-2002, 95-96). Son ancienne icône de la Vierge et les fresques récemment découvertes témoignent de la grande prospérité dont il a joui à l'époque des Croisés, plus précisément au XIIIe siècle. Dans les recherches précédentes que j'avais entreprises sur les fresques et sur l'icône de Kaftoun (Hélou 2002, 2003, 2009 ; Hélou et Immerzeel 2005 et avec la collaboration de Mat Immerzeel 2006 et 2007), j'avais toujours mis l'accent sur les scènes et les figures qui constituent le sujet principal, omettant de toucher aux motifs représentés dans l'encadrement et composés de figures animales. Celles-ci forment en soit un sujet très particulier à cause de cette combinaison très singulière créée entre sujet principal, l'image de la Vierge, et l'encadrement où les figures animalières font le périmètre du panneau. La présence peu habituelle de ces motifs sur une icône pose des questions d'ordre problématique. II est certain que l'origine de cet encadrement n'est pas byzantine à l'instar de l'image représentée sur l'icône qui est d'un style très byzantinisant, mais qui remonte à l'une des traditions existant au XIIIe siècle dans le Comté de Tripoli. Ici vivaient les communautés confessionnelles les plus diverses telles les latins, les grecs orthodoxes, les syriens orthodoxes, les maronites, ainsi que des minorités arméniennes, nestoriennes, juives et bien sûr les musulmans autochtones majoritaires (Hamilton 1980 et 1996 ; Richard 1999 ; Cruikshank Dodd 2004 ; Immerzeel 2009).
Decoupling Peripheries from the Center: The Dangers of Diaspora in Chinese Migration Studies
Authors: Hsu Madeline
Published: April 2019

This review situates Shelly Chan’s analysis of temporality in Chinese migrations as “diaspora moments” in response to leading opponents of the application of diaspora in Chinese overseas studies. Chan’s astute and carefully framed identification of key moments when Chinese overseas significantly influenced national culture, ideologies, and institutions complicates but does not ameliorate the political pressures driving articulations such as Shu-mei Shih’s call for Sinophone studies as strategies for ethnic Chinese around the world to claim localized identities and belongings.
Remarriage as Family Reorganization For Divorced Persons — A Canadian Study
Authors: Schlesinger Benjamin
Published: April 2019

Remarriage is a social institution; that is, it is an established pattern of operating which serves both public and private interests in an orderly, accepted, enduring way.

A remarriage contains a valuable combination: the reality of a disruption of some kind and degree, and an attempt at reorganization. In short, as on of several solutions to family breakdown, it warrants examination per se.

To date, little attention has been paid to this topic on the part of North American Sociologists. The paper examines first phenomenon of remarriage, which constitutes 13 per cent per annum of all marriages in Canada. The trends are analyzed. Secondly, a report of selected findings of an exploratory study of remarried subjects, which included 90 previously divorced persons, in Metropolitan Toronto, are presented. The findings relate to attitudes about the divorce, qualities sought in a second mate, reasons for remarriage, advice to those planning a second marriage, sexual adjustment, expectations in a second union, and and satisfaction found in a second marriage. A review of the existing literature is included in the paper.
The “Dysfunctional” Theory of Romantic Love: A Research Report
Authors: Kephart William M.
Published: April 2019

Examination of the literature reveals that the “dysfunctional” theory of romantic love (the belief that romanticism is a sign of emotional immaturity) has had some measure of support since the 1920’s. However, questionnaire responses from 1,079 college students in the Philadelphia Metropolitan Area revealed a series of low correlations between reported romantic experiences and scores on the Bell Adjustment Inventory. It is theorized that recurring romantic experiences are a function of developmental personality and serve to activate a screening mechanism relative to marital selection. It is further theorized that specific understanding of the marital selection process, and any cross-cultural evaluation thereof, will depend in part on delineation of the screening activism.
Introduction
Authors: Sangree Walter H. , Levine Nancy E.
Published: April 2019

The time has come for an updated study of polyandry, made possible by the availability of new data and a reawakened interest in the subject. This volume includes previously unpublished data on six polyandrous societies and several papers concerned with more broadly comparative issues and theoretical aims. The papers demonstrate that polyandry is not. a rare cultural oddity and, moreover, that it comprises marital systems which contrast greatly in terms of both cultural and structural features.
The Implications of Birom Cicisbeism
Authors: Smedley Audrey
Published: April 2019

Cicisbeism, as a 1 egitimate sexual alliance between a woman and a man who is not her husband, is normative among the Birom of northern Nigeria. Women have considerable latitude in choosing their cicisbeos and perceive the relationship as a means of enhancing their economic security. Resultant ties to a number of men accord Birom women an instrumental role in mediating between kin groups and in determining leadership positions in the society.
Comments on the Social and Cultural Implications of Variant Systems of Polyandrous Alliances
Authors: Peter H.R.H. Prince
Published: April 2019

The author's pioneering investigations were undertaken with the aim of clarifying how the Oedipus complex is resolved in polyandrous familial groups. In the course of research, the diversity of polyandrous systems became manifest; the facts of this diversity are reflected in the contributions to this volume which are evaluated here. These papers confirm the view that a sine qua non of polyandry everywhere is socially recognized marriage which formally confers the status of "husband" on the men and of "wife" on the women.; In conclusion it is suggested that until psycho-dynamic considerations are included in the study of polyandry little further progress will be made in ascertaining general rules governing the appearnce of this marriage form.
Polyandry: Exotic Custom Vs. Analytic Concept
Authors: Berreman Gerald D.
Published: April 2019

Polyandry has long fascinated anthropologists because it is both exotic and disturbing; its presence obscures recognition of all other aspects of a society's marital system. Although previous studies have failed to pinpoint any significant uniformities in the phenomena labelled polyandry, the availability of new data may suggest a pattern of significant similarities and differences, such as in the Pahari and Tibetan cases. Here the differences are product of dissimilar underlying strategies and cultural values.
Conclusion: Asian and African Systems of Polyandry
Authors: Levine Nancy E. , Sangree Walter H.
Published: April 2019

This conclusion summarizes themes central to the papers collected in this volume-the definitional characteristics of polyandry, the relative status of women, as well as the political, economic and psychological concommitants of polyandrous systems of marriage- and attempts to account for biases which have hindered the study of these subjects in the past. As a first step in comparative analysis, a fourfold classification of types of polyandry, in addition to cicisbeism, is developed and examined in light of a larger contrast between Asian and African marital systems. Finally the paper discusses certain features common to polyandrous marriage worldwide.
The Double-Bind of the Middle Class Male: Men’s Liberation and the Male Sex Role
Authors: Baker Maureen , Bakker J. I. Hans
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we are arguing that middle-class Anglo-Saxon men who are interesting in accepting the ideology of the nascent men's liberation movement are placed in a double-bind situation. Although they may personally believe in equality between the sexes, egalitarian marriages, and the desirability of developing their potential outside of the work environment, other people- wives, employers, friends - may not necessarily support these changes. While the ideology of men's liberation encourages men to "androgynize" their behaviour, men's socialization, their employment situations, and many of our social institutions continue to reward more traditional masculine behaviour. If they accept men's liberation, they stand to lose the more tangible rewards offered to middle-class men.
Relationship Among Marital Power Measures: A Critical Review and an Empirical Test
Authors: Szjnovacz Maximiliane E.
Published: April 2019

Earlier studies showed little relationship among different marital or familial power measures. It is hypothesized that these findings have been caused by insufficient conceptual differentiation between power and leadership behaviour and cannot be entirely attributed to inadequate methodology. Data from a study of 32 couples indicate that significant correlations among conceptually comparable self-report and behavioral power measures can be achieved. The intercorrelations between self-report and behavioral measures revealed moderate construct validity. Discriminant validity was generally confirmed. Construct validity of these measures could be ascertained for the husbands, but not for the wives. Reasons for the failure to achieve construct validity in the wives’ data are discussed.
Modernization, the Family and Work Socialization: A Comparative Study of U.S. and Colombian Youth
Authors: Laska Shirley Bradway , Micklin Michael
Published: April 2019

This paper compares the occupational socialization experiences of samples of youth in New Orleans (USA) and Cali (Colombia). The principal objective is to determine how changes in family structure associated with societal modernization influence the transmission of knowledge about the labor force to young people seeking jobs for the first time. It is hypothesized that youth in transitional/traditional societies are socialized for the labor force primarily by their parents, while youth in transitional/modern societies receive this information primarily through school experiences and from nonrelated community members. A related hypothesis states that transitional/modern youth are more likely than transitional/traditional youth to select occupational role models and resource persons from among relationally distant individuals, although the latter are relatively unlikely to select family members, especially parents. Results show that while neither sample reports much interaction with parents regarding their jobs, the predicted difference in the social distance of occupational role models is observed. Two conclusions are reached First, the generational lag between parents and children in less developed economies reduces parental influence on their children’s occupational socialization. Second, the purposive intervention of parents in their children’s career plans probably emerges only in the later stages of socioeconomic development. The paper concludes with discussion of a model proposed to describe the pattern of work socialization influences at differing levels of societal development.
Adjusting Marriage Tradition: Greeks to Greek-Americans
Authors: Schultz Sandra L.
Published: April 2019

Adjustment of marriage tradition is one approach toward understanding processes of ethnicity. In this paper, the marriage tradition within the Greek-American community of Tucson, Arizona, is examined. Old ways of early immigrants, the ideal of endogamy and attempts to promote endogamy are reported. That ethnic group heterogeneity renders unqualified endogamy a fantasy is discussed. Ethnic group members adjust their marriage ideals as they concomitantly attempt to adjust the cultural identity of their exogamous spouses.
Sexual Equality and Violence Against Wives in American States
Authors: Yllo Kersti
Published: April 2019

The relationship between increasing sexual equality and the level of violence against wives has been the subject of some debate. A negative relationship has been posited by those who point out that as economic, educational, and legal opportunities and rights for women improve, fewer women remain trapped in violent marriages. Others have suggested that violence may increase as these social changes create additional strain and frustration for males attempting to retain their dominant position.

This controversy is the focus of the present study. Using American states as the unit of analysis, the relationship between the societal status of women (in economic, educational, political, and legal spheres) and the rate of wife-beating is empirically examined. A status of Women Index is developed on the basis of U.S. Census and other data. State violence rates are based on data from a representative sample of 2143 American adults.

The central finding of the study is that there appears to be a curvilinear relationship between women’s status and wife-beating. In states whre women’s status is lowest, wives are most likely to be assaulted by their husbands. Violence deceases as sexual equality increases—to a point. In those states where the status of women is highest, the level of violence against wives is also quite high. It is suggested that limited options to violent marriage may keep battered wives in abusive relationships in low-status states. In states where women’s status is relatively high, increased conflict and violence may be the consequence of rapid social changes which may be threatening to husbands. The study focuses on short-run consequences of increasing sexual equality. It does not address the impact of institutionalized sexual equality because even the highest status states are far from fully egalitarian.
Divorce And The Child’s Status: The Evolution in France
Authors: Commallle Jacques
Published: April 2019

The evolution of the divorce-rate tends to show a serious increase of the number of children of divorced parents who may experience a “single parent family” situation. This should change the status of the child of divorced parents. Referring to a model claiming the priority of preserving the family institution, the child of divorced parents has been for a long time, with the help of “scientific knowledge”, the object of a social stigmatizrtion. The psycho-pathological perception of divorce prohibited the questioning of the negative effects of this social stigmatization or of those due to the standard of living difficulties met very oftenly by the parent who has custody, that is, in most cases: the mother. Beyond what yet makes the specificity of the child of divorced parents, the evolution of divorce tends to assimilate the problem of children of divorced parents to a problem of children in general, for they are faced with a mutation in family models within the family itself and in relation to society. The problem of children of divorced parents becomes a specific illustration of the effects of his mutation. The new and extremely important questions posed by this mutation as concerns the socialization of children in general, by the family and by society.
A Preliminary Perspective on Kinship and Ethnicity Among Chinese in Thailand
Authors: Hill Ann Maxwell
Published: April 2019

This essay focuses on the question of how kinship affects individual choices of ethnicity among two groups in Thailand; the overseas Chinese and the Yunnanese Chinese. Kinship is shown to be relevant to the acquisition of social skills and cultural knowledge which make possible choices of ethnic identity. Chinese women are instrumental in providing this foundation. Furthermore, kin relations are viewed not as biological “givens”, but as cultural resources which can be selectively utilized throughout one’s lifetime. Some of the reasons for allying with or denying one’s Chinese kinsmen are explored. The essay suggests a need for studies of family and kinship among overseas Chinese to complement the earlier assimilation studies in order to understand the persistence of Chinese ethnicity.