bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on formalizing the knowledge of data curation activities across different fields
Authors: Minamiyama Yasuyuki , Takeda Hideaki , Hayashi Masaharu , Asaoka Makoto , Yamaji Kazutsuna
Published: April 2024

In recent years, with the trend of open science, there have been many efforts to share research data on the internet. To promote research data sharing, data curation is essential to make the data interpretable and reusable. In research fields such as life sciences, earth sciences, and social sciences, tasks and procedures have been already developed to implement efficient data curation to meet the needs and customs of individual research fields. However, not only data sharing within research fields but also interdisciplinary data sharing is required to promote open science. For this purpose, knowledge of data curation across the research fields is surveyed, analyzed, and organized as an ontology in this paper. As the survey, existing vocabularies and procedures are collected and compared as well as interviews with the data curators in research institutes in different fields are conducted to clarify commonalities and differences in data curation across the research fields. It turned out that the granularity of tasks and procedures that constitute the building blocks of data curation is not formalized. Without a method to overcome this gap, it will be challenging to promote interdisciplinary reuse of research data. Based on the analysis above, the ontology for the data curation process is proposed to describe data curation processes in different fields universally. It is described by OWL and shown as valid and consistent from the logical viewpoint. The ontology successfully represents data curation activities as the processes in the different fields acquired by the interviews. It is also helpful to identify the functions of the systems to support the data curation process. This study contributes to building a knowledge framework for an interdisciplinary understanding of data curation activities in different fields.
Analytic integrability of generalized 3-dimensional chaotic systems
Authors: Husien Ahmad Muhamad , Amen Azad Ibrahim
Published: April 2024

Numerous recently introduced chaotic systems exhibit straightforward algebraic representations. In this study, we explore the potential for identifying a global analytic first integral in a generalized 3-dimensional chaotic system (2). Our work involves detailing the model of a new 3-D chaotic system characterized by three Lyapunov exponents—positive, zero, and negative. We depict the phase trajectories, illustrate bifurcation patterns, and visualize Lyapunov exponent graphs. The investigation encompasses both local and global analytic first integrals for the system, providing results on the existence and non-existence of these integrals for different parameter values. Our findings reveal that the system lacks a global first integral, and the presence or absence of analytic first integrals is contingent upon specific parameter values. Additionally, we present a formal series for the system, demonstrating 3D and 2D projections of the system (2) for a given set of initial conditions achieved by selecting alternative values for parametersa,b,c,d,randl.
Genetic background of adaptation of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus to the different tick hosts
Authors: S. Celina Seyma , Černý Jiří
Published: April 2024

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (CCHFV) is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus with a segmented genome and the causative agent of a severe Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) disease. The virus is transmitted mainly by tick species in Hyalomma genus but other ticks such as representatives of genera Dermacentor and Rhipicephalus may also be involved in virus life cycle. To improve our understanding of CCHFV adaptation to its tick species, we compared nucleotide composition and codon usage patterns among the all CCHFV strains i) which sequences and other metadata as locality of collection and date of isolation are available in GenBank and ii) which were isolated from in-field collected tick species. These criteria fulfilled 70 sequences (24 coding for S, 23 for M, and 23 for L segment) of virus isolates originating from different representatives of Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus genera. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that Hyalomma- and Rhipicephalus-originating CCHFV isolates belong to phylogenetically distinct CCHFV clades. Analyses of nucleotide composition among the Hyalomma- and Rhipicephalus-originating CCHFV isolates also showed significant differences, mainly in nucleotides located at the 3rd codon positions indicating changes in codon usage among these lineages. Analyses of codon adaptation index (CAI), effective number of codons (ENC), and other codon usage statistics revealed significant differences between Hyalomma- and Rhipicephalus-isolated CCHFV strains. Despite both sets of strains displayed a higher adaptation to use codons that are preferred by Hyalomma ticks than Rhipicephalus ticks, there were distinct codon usage preferences observed between the two tick species. These findings suggest that over the course of its long co-evolution with tick vectors, CCHFV has optimized its codon usage to efficiently utilize translational resources of Hyalomma species.
The efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture for diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Zhang Yajun , Wu Qiqi , Bian Zhiyuan , Luo Ning , Sun Jing , Yu Binyan , Fang Jianqiao
Published: April 2024

Background

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus, which is the most common neuropathy worldwide. Owing to the inadequacies of existing treatment methods, managing DPN remains a significant challenge. Studies suggest that electroacupuncture (EA) could potentially serve as a beneficial alternative treatment for this condition. Nevertheless, there is still inadequate proof of its therapeutic effectiveness and safety. As a result, the goal of this protocol is to methodically compile the data pertaining to the effectiveness and security of EA in the management of DPN.

Methods

To find appropriate randomized controlled trials (RCTs), nine reliable databases in the English and Chinese languages will be examined. RevMan5.3 will be used to combine the retrieved data and perform meta-analyses. The methodological quality of the included RCTs will be evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment 2.0 tool. The Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system will be utilized to evaluate the degree of strength and certainty of the evidence. We will also perform publication bias, sensitivity and subgroup analyses.

Discussion

This protocol describes the intended scope and approach for a forthcoming systematic review and meta-analysis that will inform therapeutic decision-making by offering current information on the efficacy and safety of EA in the treatment of DPN. The results of the study will help standardize strategies for EA in the treatment of DPN.
Differences in maternal and paternal pressure to eat and perception of household responsibilities
Authors: Patel Paula , Samant Anusha , Del Rosario Kychelle , Vitolins Mara Z. , Skelton Joseph A. , Ip Edward H. , Lucas Caroline B. , Brown Callie L.
Published: April 2024

Controlling feeding practices, such as pressure to eat, are associated with a child’s disinhibited eating and extremes in bodyweight. We aimed to explore which factors are associated with parent dyads’ pressuring feeding practices, including how mothers and fathers perceive the sharing of household tasks such as mealtime and child feeding responsibilities. In this cross-sectional study, parent dyads (mother and father) of healthy preschool-aged children completed an identical questionnaire consisting of measures of picky eating (food fussiness subscale of Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire), parental concern for undereating, and pressure to eat (Child Feeding Questionnaire). We used separate multivariable linear regression models for mothers and fathers to assess correlates associated with pressure to eat subscale score, including slowness of eating and enjoyment of food, child BMI z-score and race/ethnicity, and household income. Separate unadjusted linear regression models for mothers and fathers were used to report the association of pressure to eat with household responsibilities. Parents (N = 88) had similar mean picky eating, concern for undereating, and pressure to eat scores; more fathers had high pressure to eat scores (36% vs 27%). Higher pressure to eat was significantly associated with lower income, non-Hispanic Black or Black race/ethnicity, slow eating, and lower enjoyment of food. Pressure was not associated with household responsibilities. While there were similar maternal and paternal perceptions of child eating behaviors, more fathers reported pressuring their child to eat. Identifying differences in parental feeding practices may assist in intervention development to improve feeding practices.
Effect of SARS-CoV-2 S protein on the proteolytic cleavage of the epithelial Na+ channel ENaC
Authors: Magaña-Ávila Germán Ricardo , Moreno Erika , Plata Consuelo , Carbajal-Contreras Héctor , Murillo-de-Ozores Adrian Rafael , García-Ávila Kevin , Vázquez Norma , Syed Maria , Wysocki Jan , Batlle Daniel , Gamba Gerardo , Castañeda-Bueno María
Published: April 2024

Severe cases of COVID-19 are characterized by development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Water accumulation in the lungs is thought to occur as consequence of an exaggerated inflammatory response. A possible mechanism could involve decreased activity of the epithelial Na+ channel, ENaC, expressed in type II pneumocytes. Reduced transepithelial Na+ reabsorption could contribute to lung edema due to reduced alveolar fluid clearance. This hypothesis is based on the observation of the presence of a novel furin cleavage site in the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 that is identical to the furin cleavage site present in the alpha subunit of ENaC. Proteolytic processing of αENaC by furin-like proteases is essential for channel activity. Thus, competition between S protein and αENaC for furin-mediated cleavage in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells may negatively affect channel activity. Here we present experimental evidence showing that coexpression of the S protein with ENaC in a cellular model reduces channel activity. In addition, we show that bidirectional competition for cleavage by furin-like proteases occurs between 〈ENaC and S protein. In transgenic mice sensitive to lethal SARS-CoV-2, however, a significant decrease in gamma ENaC expression was not observed by immunostaining of lungs infected as shown by SARS-CoV2 nucleoprotein staining.
Vitamin B12 deficiency in diabetic patients treated with metformin: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Huynh Dat Tan , Nguyen Ngoc Thi , Do Minh Duc
Published: April 2024

Metformin is a cornerstone medication in the management of type 2 diabetes. Metformin is safe, effective, and inexpensive; however, it is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. This study set out to evaluate the rate of vitamin B12 deficiency in Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes who were treated with metformin and to investigate factors associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in Vinmec Central Park Hospital from February to June 2023. The clinical and paraclinical characteristics of the participants were recorded, and the levels of vitamin B12 and folate were measured. The rate of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients treated with metformin was found to be 18.6%. Further, the duration of diabetes, duration of metformin use, metformin dose, and hemoglobin levels were statistically associated with vitamin B12 deficiency with OR (95% CI) = 1.12 (1.03–1.19), 1.01 (1.00–1.02), 1.002 (1.001–1.002), 0.74 (0.55–0.99), respectively. After adjusting for covariates, a metformin dose greater than the median dose remained the only parameter associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, with OR (95% CI) = 4.10 (1.62–10.36). Moreover, when combining both long-term use of metformin and a metformin dose greater than the median dose, the OR increased to 5.25 (95% CI: 2.11–13.15). These results demonstrate that vitamin B12 deficiency in patients treated with metformin is quite prevalent in Vietnam and that those with long-term use of metformin (48 months or more) and high metformin dose (1000 mg/day or more) are at high risk of experiencing this adverse effect and so require screening.
Enfisema parafaríngeo tras fractura de la porción timpánica del hueso temporal. Revisión sistemática
Authors: García-Fernández Rocío , Gasós-Lafuente Ana María , Guallar-Larpa María , Lavilla-Martín De Valmaseda María José
Published: April 2024

Introducción y objetivo:
Realizar una revisión sistemática sobre la aparición de enfisema parafaríngeo como complicación de la fractura de la porción timpánica del hueso temporal tras traumatismo mandibular.

Método:
Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica sobre esta infrecuente complicación en las bases de datos electrónicas PubMED, Web of Science y Cochrane.

Resultados:
La búsqueda inicial ofreció un total de 31 resultados. Se seleccionan por lectura de título y resumen 8 artículos para análisis de texto completo y se descartan 6 de ellos según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Finalmente se incluyen en la revisión 2 artículos con casos publicados de enfisema parafaríngeo y se incorpora un nuevo artículo publicado en esta revista. Se revisan un total de 3 casos con diagnóstico de enfisema parafaríngeo secundaria a fractura de la porción timpánica del hueso temporal (2 varones y 1 mujer), con edades de entre 36 y 79 años. El hallazgo más frecuente fue la otorragia (100% de los casos), y el manejo en todos los casos fue conservador, sin reportarse complicaciones a largo plazo.

Discusión:
Existen una serie de factores que pueden favorecer este tipo de fracturas y, por tanto, la aparición de la complicación en forma de enfisema parafaríngeo. La otorragia, la hipoacusia, la estenosis del conducto auditivo externo o la limitación de la apertura bucal son los hallazgos más habituales. Para su diagnóstico es importante el uso de la tomografía computarizada y su manejo suele ser conservador.

Conclusiones:
La alta frecuencia de traumatismos mandibulares y la poca repercusión clínica que puede tener la fractura de la porción timpánica del hueso temporal hacen pensar que exista un infradiagnóstico de este tipo de fracturas y, por tanto, de su complicación en forma de enfisema parafaríngeo.
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis frequency and the risk factors influence (case of the PHE-Batna regional unit) (2017-2022)
Authors: Benbouza A. , Mebarki Y. , Righi N. , Djebaili R. , Mansouri O.
Published: April 2024

Context: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that is endemic in developing countries. The causal agent is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is receiving renewed attention due to an unexplained increase in its relative frequency. The aim of this study was to carry out a retrospective descriptive survey to assess the frequency of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in an eastern Algeria population range.
Methods: this study took place at the regional tuberculosis Batna’s Public hospitalian establishment unit; over a period of 64 months (2017-2022). 2405 files were studied through the collection of information recorded at laboratory level.
Results: Out of 2405 samples, 102 were positive (4.24%). There was a clear predominance of females (64.70%) and males (35.29%), giving a sex ratio of 1.8. The age group most affected was 11 to 49. Pus was the most common specimen with a percentage of 44.12%, followed by urine (28.43%), CSF (14.70%). The incidence of extra pulmonary tuberculosis in patients in Batna’s Department and neighbouring Departments is 4.24%, with adult women being the most affected.
Conclusion: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is common and should not be neglected; it is no longer a pathology of the past but still remains relevant today.
Regulation of Feeding Behavior by Optogenetic Activation of Inputs to Lateral Hypothalamus
Authors: Choudhry Hassan , Shrivastava Kuldeep , Athreya Vikshar , Rossi Mark
Published: April 2024

The bed nucleus stria terminalis (BNST) and parabrachial nucleus (PBN) are two brain regions in correspondence with the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) that are responsible for regulating feeding behavior in mice. It is acknowledged that increasing the activity of GABAergic BNST inputs (which release the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA) to the LHA inhibits LHA glutamate neurons and increases feeding, whereas increasing activity of glutamatergic PBN inputs (which release the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate) to the LHA excites local glutamate neurons and decreases feeding. Obesity is a prevalent problem in our society, and therefore it is important to understand the reasons behind excessive food intake habits of humans. To address this issue, we tested for effects of activating the BNST-LHA and PBN-LHA pathways in relation to the satiety state of the mice. We stimulated the BNST and PBN inputs to LHA in fasted and fed mice. We tested the effects of Satiety State (fed vs. fasted) and stimulation Frequency (5-40 Hz) on sucrose seeking behavior of two Groups of mice (ChR2 vs YFP controls). The BNST-LHA pathway tended to show a general increase in feeding behaviors, while the PBN-LHA pathway did not show a significant effect of activation. From these results, further studies can be conducted to explore more about these neural pathways and the mechanisms underlying feeding behaviors. On a broader scale, these findings can inform future therapeutics that could help prevent unhealthy eating habits and obesity.
Impact of methimazole‐induced hypothyroidism on postnatal swine
Authors: Fazioli James C. , Mulligan Margaret K. , Ison Erin K. , Pasternak J. Alex
Published: April 2024

Thyroid hormones regulate metabolic rate, nutrient utilization, growth, and development. Swine are susceptible to thyroid suppression in response to disease or environmental conditions, but the physiological impact of such disruption has not been established. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of hypothyroidism induced with the antithyroid medication methimazole (MMI). 10 mg/kg MMI significantly decreased circulating triiodothyronine (T3) for the duration of treatment but had only a transient effect on circulating thyroxine (T4). Thyroid tissue weight was significantly increased by more than 3.5‐fold in response to MMI treatment. Histologically, the eosinophilic colloid was largely absent from the thyroid follicle which displayed a disorganized columnar epithelium consistent with goiter. MMI induced hypothyroidism has no effect on growth rate over 28 days. Hepatic expression of genes associated with thyroid metabolism (DIO1, DIO2, and DIO3), lipid utilization (CD36, FASN, and ACACA), apoptosis (TP53, PERP, SIVA1, and SFN) and proliferation (CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, and CDKN1A) were unaffected by treatment. Collectively these results demonstrate that MMI induces mild systemic hypothyroidism and pronounced goiter, indicating a strong homeostatic central regulation within the hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis. This combined with limited peripheral effects, indicates resilience to hypothyroidism in modern swine.
The Narrative Ordeal of Enduring Love: A Divine Comedy Recast
Authors: Botero Camacho Manuel , Rodríguez Pérez Miguel
Published: April 2024

This article establishes a connection between Ian McEwan’s Enduring Love and Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy. It defends that the narrative journey of Joe Rose, protagonist of McEwan’s novel, to recover his idyllic lost love resembles Dante’s voyage through Hell and Purgatory led by Virgil to the threshold of Earthly Paradise, where he meets Beatrice. The psychological and metaphorical hell to which Joe is subjected in the wake of a ballooning accident constitutes an ordeal in which, led by Jed Parry’s obsessive love, he confronts and purges the trauma in a redemptive arc that brings him closer to a promising yet uncertain paradise.
Treading the Spiral: Intermediality, Spatiality, and Materiality in Lance Olsen’s Theories of Forgetting
Authors: Uslu Gülşen Aslan
Published: April 2024

In his 2014 intermedial word-image novel Theories of Forgetting, Lance Olsen focuses on human life’s transience, impermanence, and fragility through his major characters, Alana and Hugh, and their children, who read their parents’ diaries. The ideas about the fleeting nature of human lives are presented through intermedial configurations in the novel which are rendered through experimental usage of the topography of the page, hypertextual design, and inclusion of photographs and various visual media which altogether redefine the spatiality and materiality of the novel. The initial construction of the spatial form in the work comes from postmodernist narrative elements. Spatiality and space gain further significance in the novel’s fictional world, or narrative space, with Robert Smithson’s earthwork Spiral Jetty, which aims to show change, regression, and disintegration in nature as well as being the main inspiration in the ekphrastic ventures of the novel. Alana, one of the characters, works on a short documentary film on Spiral Jetty, leading her to think and question time and space and how space is subject to change with time. Hugh, another character, is a traveler in distant places like Europe, the Middle East, and Jordan, all of which turn into metaphors that help to shape the narrative and represent the mental spaces of its characters. Besides these stories on and about space, the print book also becomes a site rich with photographs, visual media, and verbal text. Through intermediality, the novel portrays a complex depiction of space at structural, narrative, and material levels. Such a presentation of the stories with postmodernist elements and hypertext and a critical sensibility of the materiality of the print medium turn the work into an art object to be viewed and read.1
The Inability to Mourn: Representation of Collective Psychology in the “We”-Narrative of Yiyun Li’s “Immortality”
Authors: Feng Jie
Published: April 2024

This paper sets out to examine how the first-person plural narration form is used in diasporic Chinese American writer Yiyun Li’s short story “Immortality” to represent the collective loss of subjectivity – namely how she represents the consequences of that loss from a psychological perspective as part of her experiment in artistic innovation. It explores Li’s characterization – especially her realistic depiction of the collective narrators’ psychology under totalitarianism and how she allows their psychology to affect the form of her representation. I argue that although through the ventriloquy in English, Li has given the “we”-narrators a discursive voice to articulate their hidden thoughts and feelings – something not possible in their mother tongue, the “we”-narrators are unable to exceed their existential limitations to speak a purely personal language immune from official appropriation. Li’s story also underlines the extreme form as well as the emotional consequences of that collective loss of subjectivity, namely the “we”-community’s avoidance of mass melancholia in reaction to the tragic end of their compatriot victim of the dictatorship in order to preserve their prevailing collective ego-ideal.1
Bioinformatics, expression analysis, and functional verification of allene oxide synthase gene HvnAOS1 and HvnAOS2 in qingke
Authors: An Likun , Wang Ziao , Cui Yongmei , Yao Youhua , Bai Yixiong , Liu Yuehai , Li Xin , Yao Xiaohua , Wu Kunlun
Published: April 2024

Allene oxide synthase (AOS) is a key enzyme involved in the jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis pathway in plants. To explore its function on the regulatory mechanism of JA synthesis, we screened and identified two AOS genes HvnAOS1 and HvnAOS2 in qingke. Both HvnAOS1 and HvnAOS2 contained conserved heme-binding motif, which is most closely related to AtsAOS2, indicating controlled dehydration of fatty acid hydroperoxides to allene oxides. Molecular docking simulations identified the key amino acid sites that were important for heme binding and interaction with 13(S)-HPOT, respectively. The expression pattern also indicated that HvnAOS1 and HvnAOS2 were highly induced by JA, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid. Subcellular localization of HvnAOS1 and HvnAOS2 using transient expression of Agrobacterium tumefaciens showed the green fluorescent protein signal in the cell cytoplasm of the N. benthamiana leaves. Overexpression of HvnAOS1 and HvnAOS2 in Arabidopsis aos mutant restored male fertility and plant resistance to Botrytis cinerea, indicating that HvnAOS1 and HvnAOS2 can restore the functions of AOS in Arabidopsis aos mutant.
Aromatase deficiency due to novel CYP19A1 mutation: a rare cause of maternal and fetal virilization
Authors: Naseem Aamir , Zahid Muhammad , Arshad Kashan , Hussain Syed Saddam , Aftab Sommayya , Saeed Anjum , Cheema Huma Arshad
Published: April 2024

Objectives

Aromatase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive condition due to a mutation in the CYP19A1 encoding aromatase enzyme. This enzyme protects the fetus and mother from excess androgens by converting them into estrogen. We are reporting a case of aromatase deficiency presented with atypical genitalia and maternal virilization due to a novel mutation in CYP19A1.

Case presentation

A 10-day-old newborn presented with atypical genitalia and a history of maternal virilization during pregnancy. On examination, the baby had a Prader score of 3. Further investigation revealed karyotype 46 XX, with a normal uterus and ovaries on ultrasonography. The hormonal profile of the baby was normal except for the raised follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Maternal ultrasound revealed polycystic ovaries, and the hormonal profile was within the normal range with slightly raised testosterone. Whole exome sequencing was done, which reported that the baby was carrying a novel homozygous mutation of the CYP19A1 gene c.575G>C p. (Arg192Pro), confirming the diagnosis of aromatase deficiency.

Conclusions

Aromatase deficiency is a rare condition. A history of maternal virilization during pregnancy in a child born with atypical genitalia should alert physicians to consider aromatase deficiency.
Study on spent fuel heatup during spent fuel pool complete loss of coolant accident
Authors: Shih Yu-Huai
Published: April 2024

After years of operation, nuclear power plants accumulate a substantial amount of spent fuel stored in spent fuel pools. Prior to the completion of dry storage facilities, this spent fuel remains in the spent fuel pools for several decades. The progression of accidents in spent fuel pools leading to fuel damage typically spans several days or even weeks, which may lead people to overlook the importance of spent fuel pool safety. However, accidents involving spent fuel pools have a characteristic of low probability but high consequences. Their significance has been reemphasized, especially after the Fukushima accident. This study conducts an analysis of the scenario where a spent fuel pool experiences a complete loss of water. A plant equipped with a BWR-4 reactor and a MARK-I containment structure is used as the reference plant. The analysis utilizes the MAAP5 code to assess the impact of different fuel cooling times and ventilation flow rate of secondary containment building on the fuel temperature variation, considering only air circulation for cooling. Based on the analysis results, the plant utilizes the normal ventilation system of the reactor building, which can maintain the fuel temperature below 565 °C with a cooling time of 1 year. Additionally, it was found in the study that adequate ventilation flow rates and sufficient cooling time can ensure that the fuel temperature remains below 565 °C, thereby preserving fuel integrity.
The Grammar of Displacement: Entwined Stories in Ruth Almog and Jenny Erpenbeck
Authors: Ben-Horin Michal
Published: April 2024

Since 1945, the memory of the Holocaust and the Second World War has played a major role in Hebrew and German literature. This article suggests a comparative reading of prose works by Ruth Almog and Jenny Erpenbeck that deal with these memories, in light of the challenges identified by scholars of modern Hebrew and German literature. What literary devices do these writers use to respond to the catastrophe of the twentieth century? In what way do their stories intersect? To what extent do they reflect German-Hebrew dialogue? I argue that by combining historical details and fiction within a literary texture based on contiguity, variation, and intertextual relations, both writers call into question the binary of perpetrator versus victim and calamity versus redemption. I show how their grammar of displacement in Hebrew and in German helps account for the literary workings of memory and ethical justice.
A comparative analysis of shielding effectiveness in glass and concrete containers
Authors: ALMisned Ghada , Sen Baykal Duygu , Elshami Wiam , Susoy Gulfem , Kilic Gokhan , Tekin Huseyin Ozan
Published: April 2024

Nuclear waste control and related equipment play a vital role in safeguarding human health and the environment from the potential dangers of radioactive waste. This study addresses the critical challenge of enhancing the shielding effectiveness of container materials for nuclear waste management, with a focus on comparing the attenuation properties of glass and concrete composites. Our analysis revealed that the copper oxide-reinforced borosilicate glass container demonstrated a significant transmission factor (TF) value decrease by approximately 15% compared to steel–magnetite concrete at 1.3325 MeV, with a standard deviation of ±1.5%, indicating its lower protective characteristics. Nonetheless, it exhibited a 10% higher TF reduction compared to the cement–bitumen mix at the same energy level, with a precision error of ±1.2%. In addition, the half-value layer for this glass was determined to be 2.5 cm for 1.3325 MeV gamma rays, showing moderate shielding capacity. The study demonstrates that optimizing the oxide content in the borosilicate glass matrix significantly enhances its shielding effectiveness. This advancement in nuclear waste management materials is justified by our comprehensive evaluation, highlighting the potential of optimized glass materials to outperform traditional concrete in certain scenarios, thus contributing to the development of more effective nuclear waste containment solutions.
Role of history of traumatic life experiences in current psychosomatic manifestations
Authors: Boni Melania , Violi Simone , Ciaramella Antonella
Published: April 2024

Objectives

Although the relationship between traumatic experiences (TEs) and psychosomatic manifestations (pain, somatization, somatosensory amplification [SSA], and alexithymia) has been widely described, very few studies have investigated how these variables correlate with each other and with a history of TEs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether and how current psychosomatic manifestations are correlated with major and minor adult- and childhood TEs.

Methods

One hundred and forty-six patients (91 with pain) from the Pisa Gift Institute for Integrative Medicine Psychosomatics Lab., Italy, were assessed for pain, history of TEs (divided into major and minor based on whether or not they meet the DSM-5 Criterion A for post-traumatic stress disorder), alexithymia, somatization, and SSA.

Results

TEs were positively correlated with age, the sensorial dimension and intensity of pain, somatization, psychopathology index, SSA, and alexithymia. Using the somatization score (controlled for age) as a covariate, the previous correlations between psychosomatic dimensions and TEs lost their statistical significance: SSA (total TEs: from r = 0.30, p = 0.000 to r = −0.04, p = 0.652); alexithymia (total TEs: from r = 0.28, p = 0.001 to r = 0.04, p = 0.663); sensorial dimension of pain (total TEs: from r = 0.30, p = 0.015 to r = 0.12, p = 0.373); and pain intensity (total TEs: from r = 0.38, p = 0.004 to r = −0.15, p = 0.317). Interestingly, the tendency to report more intense pain was mainly predicted by minor TEs in childhood (β = 0.28; p = 0.030).

Conclusions

The number of lifetime TEs is positively correlated with the sensorial dimension and intensity of pain but not its affective and cognitive dimensions. However, the former relationship depends on the presence of somatization. The intensity of pain is associated with minor rather than major TEs, especially when they occur in childhood.
A humán tőke mérése és egy pénzbeli mérőszám tesztelése növekedési egyenletben
Authors: Balog Ilona Ida
Published: April 2024

A humán tőke pénzbeli értékelése a közgazdaságtudomány egyik legvitatottabb kérdése. Ez a cikk egy jövedelemalapú pénzbeli humántőke-mérőszámot hasonlít össze egy olyan mérőszámmal, ami a humán tőkét a munkaerő átlagos végzettségéből számított összes elvégzett iskolaévvel méri, és egy olyannal, ami harmonizált teszteredményeket használ a méréshez. Az összehasonlításhoz egy növekedési egyenletben a humán tőke állományának számított együtthatója adja az alapot. Az európai országokra 2014 és 2022 közötti időszakra végzett regressziók szerint a pénzbeli mérőszámból létrehozott változó szignifikánsabb, de negatív eredményt adott. Ez azt jelenti, hogy a jövedelemalapú pénzbeli mérőszám a humán tőke minőségét nem méri, de felhívja a figyelmet az elégtelen felhalmozásra. Összességében a pénzbeli mérőszám fontos plusz információt ad, de nem váltja ki a többi mérőszámot.
Vertikum-típusú rendszerek irányíthatósága
Authors: MOLNÁR Sándor , SZIDAROVSZKY Ferenc , MOLNÁR Márk
Published: April 2024

Egy speciális lineáris rendszerosztályt vizsgálunk, ahol az egyes részrendszerek kimenet-bemenet relációkkal vannak összekötve, amelyek egy olyan irányított gráfot generálnak, amely körmentes. Azaz, a részerendszereket összekötő relációk mindig előre haladnak. Rendszerek irányíthatóságának vizsgálatához feltétlenül szükséges az összes olyan állapotok halmazának meghatározása, amelyek megfelelő irányítás mellett elérhetőek. Vizsgálatunk a Lie-algebrák és speciális mátrixstruktúrák elméletén alapszik.
Exploring the Baltinglass cursus complex: routes for the dead
Authors: O'Driscoll James
Published: April 2024

Clusters of Neolithic cursus monuments are attested in several parts of Britain but have so far not been recorded in Ireland, where only isolated or pairs of monuments are known. A recent lidar survey of the Baltinglass landscape of County Wicklow, Ireland, has now identified a cluster of up to five cursus monuments. Here, the author explores this group of monuments and their significance within the wider setting of Neolithic Ireland and Britain. Their unique morphology, location and orientation offer insights into the ritual and ceremonial aspects of the farming communities that inhabited the Baltinglass landscape and hint at the variability in the form and possible functions of these monuments for early farming communities.
Golfers' Performance Is Improved More by Combining Foam Rolling and Dynamic Stretch to the Lead Hip Than Practice Golf Swinging
Authors: Hamada Yuji , Akasaka Kiyokazu , Otsudo Takahiro , Sawada Yutaka , Hattori Hiroshi , Kikuchi Yuto , Hall Toby
Published: April 2024

Hamada, Y, Akasaka, K, Otsudo, T, Sawada, Y, Hattori, H, Kikuchi, Y, and Hall, T. Golfers' performance is improved more by combining foam rolling and dynamic stretch to the lead hip than practice golf swinging. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): e391–e397, 2024—Warming up is considered effective in improving performance and preventing injury. Despite this, there have been few studies investigating warm-up programs in golf and whether specific factors contribute to improved performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the immediate effects of combined foam rolling and dynamic stretch (FR + DS) to the lead hip on golf swing performance, hip range of motion (ROM), and muscle strength in amateur golfers using a randomized crossover design. The study sample comprised 22 men (mean ± SD; age, 32.6 ± 8.5 years, body mass index (BMI), 23.4 ± 2.7 kg·m−2). Subjects were assigned to receive either FR + DS or repetitive golf swing practice (SW) before crossing over to the other intervention for another day. Measurements included golf swing performance (ball speed, club head speed, flight distance [“carry”], spin rate, and launch angle), hip internal rotation (IR), and external rotation (ER) ROM, as well as hip IR and ER muscle strength. Comparisons between groups were made before and after each intervention. For golf swing performance, FR + DS improved “carry” significantly more than SW (p < 0.05). No significant differences in golf swing performance other than “carry” were found. In addition, IR ROM and IR muscle strength of the lead hip were significantly increased in the FR + DS group (p < 0.05). FR + DS has effects on improving lead hip IR ROM and IR muscle strength, which may facilitate golfers' swing and “carry.” FR + DS shows promise as a warm-up method for amateur golfers who want to improve golf performance.
THE THERMAL STABILITY OF PHYTOCHEMICALS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF KIRAZ AND FINDIK CHERRY LAUREL FRUITS (LAUROCERASUS OFFICINALIS L.) AND THEIR MOLASSES
Authors: Başar Vesile , Şimşek Atilla , Turan Emre
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to investigate the thermal stability of certain phytochemicals in molasses at temperatures of 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C throughout 6 to 168 hours. Additionally, the chemical makeup of Kiraz (KCLM) and Fındık (FCLM) cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis L.) fruits, as well as their molasses, was examined. The two molasses compositions were different due to the type of fruit used. The soluble dry matter (SDM) and dry matter (TDM) of the molasses ranged from 68.0-68.2% and 72.3-73.1%, respectively. The FCLM had higher values for titratable acidity (TA) (1.201%), hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) (22.72 mg/kg), Vitamin C (66.83 mg/100 g), phenolics (TP) (5359 mg GAE/100 g), anthocyanin (ACN) (45.27 mg/kg), DPPH-RSA (80%), antioxidant capacity (AC) (33.74 µg TE/g), Hunter L* (31.34), a* (0.96), b* (-0.59), and browning level (BL) (15.20) compared to KCLM. The ANOVA results showed that cultivars, temperature, and storing time significantly affected phytochemicals and physicochemical properties (P <0.05).
SHANKLİSH PEYNİRİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN ENDOJEN MAYALARIN MOLEKÜLER TANIMLANMASI VE ENZİMATİK KARAKTERİZASYONU
Authors: Kahve Halil İbrahim
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada, Ortadoğu’da uzun yıllardan beri tüketilen ve son yıllarda Türkiye’de de üretilmeye başlanan Shanklish peynirlerinden mayaların izolasyonu, Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markör yöntemi kullanılarak identifikasyonu ve enzimatik aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Olgunlaştırılmış peynirlerden 24 adet maya izole edilmiş, SCoT markör yöntemiyle DNA parmak izleri elde edilerek gruplandırılmış ve her gruptan temsili izolatlar sekanslanarak identifikasyon sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre, 19 adet Kluyveromyces lactis, 2 adet Pichia kudriavzevii, 1 adet Pichia fermentans, 1 adet Pichia membranifaciens ve 1 adet Clavispora lusitaniae suşu tanımlanmış ve API-ZYM enzim test kiti yardımıyla enzimatik karakterizasyonları belirlenmiştir. Bu suşlar arasından K. lactis ANO17 suşu yüksek esteraz lipaz, lösin arilamidaz, valin arilamidaz, sistin arilamidaz, asit fostataz, Naftol-as-bi-fosfohidroliz, α-glukosidaz ve β-glukosidaz aktivitesi gösterirken orta seviyede esteraz, β-galaktosidaz ve düşük seviyede alkalin fostataz aktivitesi göstermiş ve bu suş enzimatik aktivite yönünden en umut verici suş olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, K. lactis ANO17 suşunun olası starter/destek kültür kombinasyonlarında laktik asit bakterileriyle birlikte kullanımının teknolojik yönden üstün peynir elde edilmesinde faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
NSUN5 is essential for proper cell proliferation and differentiation of mouse preimplantation embryos
Authors: Liu Dan , Yamamoto Takuto , Wang Haoxue , Minami Naojiro , Honda Shinnosuke , Ikeda Shuntaro
Published: April 2024

In brief

Proper early embryonic development in mammals relies on precise cellular signaling pathways. This study reveals that NSUN5 is crucial for the regulation of the Hippo pathway, ensuring normal proliferation and differentiation in mouse preimplantation embryos.

NOL1/NOP2/Sun domain family, member 5 (NSUN5) is an enzyme belonging to the 5-methylcytosine (m5C) writer family that modifies rRNA and mRNA. Our data revealed an upregulation of Nsun5 at the two-cell stage of mouse preimplantation development, suggesting its significance in early embryonic development. Given m5C’s important role in stabilizing rRNA and mRNA and the Hippo signaling pathway’s critical function in lineage segregation during embryogenesis, we hypothesized that NSUN5 controls cell differentiation by regulating the expression of components of the Hippo signaling pathway in mouse early embryos. To examine this hypothesis, we employed Nsun5-specific small interfering RNAs for targeted gene silencing in mouse preimplantation embryos. Nsun5 knockdown resulted in significant developmental impairments including reduced blastocyst formation, smaller size of blastocysts, and impaired hatching from the zona pellucida. Nsun5 knockdown also led to decreased cell numbers and increased apoptosis in embryos. We also observed diminished nuclear translocation of yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) in Nsun5 knockdown embryos at the morula stage, indicating disrupted cell differentiation. This disruption was further evidenced by an altered ratio of CDX2-positive to OCT4-positive cells. Furthermore, Nsun5 depletion was found to upregulate the Hippo signaling-related key genes, Lats1 and Lats2 at the morula stage. Our findings underscore the essential role of Nsun5 in early embryonic development by affecting cell proliferation, YAP1 nuclear translocation, and the Hippo pathway.
Informe de vigilancia competitiva y análisis bibliométrico temático como apoyo de la propuesta de creación de un programa de Especialización en Cirugía Maxilofacial en la Universidad Santo Tomás, seccional Bucaramanga
Authors: Vargas Leal, Viviana Marcela , Idárraga-Ortiz, Sergio Alejandro
Published: April 2024

El informe de vigilancia competitiva y análisis bibliométrico temático respalda la creación del programa de Especialización en Cirugía Maxilofacial en la Universidad Santo Tomás, seccional Bucaramanga. Se destaca la exploración de la oferta académica a nivel nacional e internacional, el ranking de posgrados Sapiens 2022-2 y las capacidades nacionales de investigación en Cirugía Maxilofacial. En cuanto a la oferta académica, se identificaron programas de especialización relacionados con Cirugía Maxilofacial a nivel nacional, lo que evidencia el interés y la importancia de esta especialidad en el ámbito educativo. Además, el análisis del ranking de posgrados Sapiens 2022-2 proporcionó información relevante sobre la calidad y reconocimiento de los programas de posgrado en esta área, lo que puede servir como referencia para el diseño del programa de Especialización en la Universidad Santo Tomás. Por otro lado, se evaluaron las capacidades nacionales de investigación en Cirugía Maxilofacial, lo que permitió identificar los grupos de investigación y líneas de conocimiento existentes en el país. Este análisis contribuye a comprender el panorama investigativo en esta especialidad y a identificar posibles colaboraciones y oportunidades de desarrollo académico. El análisis bibliométrico se realizó utilizando programas especializados como VantagePoint y VOSviewer, que permitieron identificar tendencias de producción, análisis de palabras clave y temas relevantes en la investigación en Cirugía Maxilofacial. Se observó un crecimiento exponencial en la producción científica en las últimas décadas, destacando un aumento significativo en el número de publicaciones a partir de los años 2000. El informe también aborda la formación de profesionales altamente calificados en las últimas tecnologías y tendencias de la especialidad, con el fin de contribuir a mejorar la salud oral y maxilofacial de la población colombiana. Se mencionan metodologías de enseñanza e innovaciones tecnológicas que influyen en la especialidad, así como capacidades nacionales e institucionales en cuanto a grupos de investigación y líneas de conocimiento relacionadas con la Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial.
Mammal species biodiversity in a Costa Rican protected tropical rainforest environment
Authors: Howell Susan , Vargas Ramirez Orlando , Castro Fonseca Enrique Alonso , Seaboch Melissa
Published: April 2024

Tropical rainforest deforestation has led to old-growth forest loss and declines in species diversity worldwide. In the 1980’s, Costa Rica began innovative reforestation efforts and currently 52% of Costa Rica is a tropical forest environment. However, the impact of Costa Rica’s reforestation efforts on regaining species biodiversity is less known. The aim of this study was to consider longitudinal changes in mammal biodiversity at La Selva Biological Station (LSBS) following reforestation. Mammal species census data were collected between 1994 and 2017 by 30-60 trained and experienced Citizen Scientists. We calculated the total number of different species sighted per year, their relative abundance, and the Shannon Index to estimate biodiversity. Linear regression was used to consider change over time and ANOVA was used to consider differences in land and water use by mammal species (p<0.05). Results suggest the total number of different species observed declined, their relative abundance declined, and the Shannon index of biodiversity declined (p<0.05). This decline is similar to that reported for avian fauna, terrestrial amphibian, and dung beetle species reported at LSBS. Our study highlights the concern that past deforestation continues to lead to species decline and the ongoing need for tropical forest stewardship.
Unlocking the polymorphic odyssey of Rivaroxaban: a journey of pharmaceutical innovation
Authors: Bonilha Dezena Renan Marcel , Pires Rosa Paulo César
Published: April 2024

The field of pharmaceutical science is a dynamic landscape driven by the pursuit of enhanced drug formulations and improved therapeutic outcomes. One remarkable journey within this domain is the polymorphism odyssey of rivaroxaban, a distinguished anticoagulant inhibitor targeting blood coagulation factor Xa. Rivaroxaban plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and deep venous thromboses. Its intricate crystal structures and diverse solid-state forms, each imparting unique properties affecting solubility, bioavailability, and stability, illuminate the challenges, breakthroughs, and relentless pursuit of superior drug performance in the pharmaceutical development of rivaroxaban. This work not only reflects the scientific commitment to enhancing therapeutic efficacy but also underscores the dynamic interplay between chemical innovation and clinical application in drug development.