bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KESADARAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PEDULI LINGKUNGAN DI KECAMATAN MEDAN DENAI KELURAHAN BINJAI
Authors: Jayanti Ummi Nur Afinni Dwi , Ginting Fitri Febrianti , Anggara Rizki Bob , Andani Susi
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh perilaku masyarakat dalam menjaga kebersihan lingkungan, Di Kecamatan Medan Denai Kelurahan Binjai Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Untuk mengetahui perilaku masyarakat dalam menjaga kebersihan lingkungan, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan melakukan riset dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 60 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan di Kecamatan Medan Denai Kelurahan Binjai Provinsi Sumatera Utara, maka memperoleh hasil sebagai berikut Perilaku masyarakat tentang kebersihan lingkungan, , belum sepenuhnya dapat dikatakan baik, dikarenakan masih adanya masyarakat yang tidak membuang sampah pada tempatnya. Di lingkungan bagian dalam kelurahan binjai sendiri sudah bersih karena terdapat wadah/tempat pembuangan sampah tersendiri di masing-masing rumah warga. Berdasarkan observasi responden belum melakukan dengan baik pengelolaan sampah hal ini dikarenakan minim nya pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap prinsip 3R (Reuse, Reduce, Recyle), namun masyarakat gemar dalam menanam pohon agar mengurangi polusi udara dan gersang tetapi pada kenyataannya mereka belum meiliki lahan penghijauan terbuka di keluarahan binjai.
Effects of Personality Traits on Students’ Academic Performance in Business Studies in Public Junior Secondary Schools in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Wagbara Ebere Sampson , Wosu DR. Uchechi Ngozi , OMEKE Kasitem Sheila
Published: October 2023

This study examined effects of personality traits on students’ academic performance in Business Studies in Public junior Secondary Schools in Rivers State, two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study, the study employed quasi-experimental design. Specifically, the study adopted pretest-posttest non- randomized control group design. The target population of the study was 1,500 students of business studies in all Junior Secondary School II (JSS 2) in public secondary schools in Emohua Local Government Area of Rivers state. Purposive sampling technique was used to select six (6) public secondary schools. Simple random sampling techniques was used to select 20 JSS 2 students in each of the selected schools, making it a total number of one hundred and twenty (120) students in public secondary schools in Emohua Local Government Area of Rivers state. A self-structured questionnaire titled: Students Personality Trait Questionnaire (SPTQ) and Student Business Achiement Test (SBAT) were used for data collection. The instrument were validated by two expert’s judgment in measurement and evaluation in the department of educational foundations in Rivers State University. The reliability of the instruments was established using test- retest and a reliability coefficient of 0.78 was obtained. Mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions. Systematic sampling technique was used to select 10 students who scored within 0 – 59 (introverts) and 10 students’ who scored 60 and above (extroverts), while t-test statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study in research question one revealed that Business Education Students given pretest did not perform better as of when posttest was administered to them, whereas research question two shows that Business Education students given posttest perform better as of when posttest was administered to them. Based on the findings it was recommended that business subject teachers should as a matter of importance not rely on pretest scores in judging students with extroversion traits because the students’ were not taught before administering the test to them.
MONITORING AND EVALUATING ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS SYSTEMS IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE HOSPITALS IN THE ETHEKWINI AREA, KWAZULU NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Msomi Mandisa
Published: October 2023

Monitoring and evaluating the electronic health records system is one of the most essential aspects of assessing the impact of utilising technology in the health sector. The study examined how hospitals monitored and evaluated EHR systems implementation and operation in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. According to the National Digital Strategy for South Africa (2019-2024:26), there is no defined process detailing the monitoring and evaluation plan in public and private health; the monitoring and evaluation are still being developed, concentrating on actions required to meet strategic intervention milestones. The study adopted the Leading Change Model (LCM) in integration with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The models were adopted in the study to assess monitoring and evaluation in the implementation and operation of electronic health records systems in the public and private hospitals in the eThekwini Area. The study utilized both the cross-sectional survey and the qualitative case study designs to compare public and private hospitals monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of electronic health records systems. The population for this study consists of three groups, or strata. The first group consists of record management personnel, patient administrators, and filing or ward clerks who deal mainly with hospital administration.  In terms of monitoring productivity, both hospitals monitored the efficiency of users in the utilisation of the system, but there was no proper strategy documented. Hospitals monitored the EHR systems based on what worked for them.
Performance of Growing Rabbits Fed Graded Levels of Ziziphus mauritiana Leaf Meal in a Diets
Authors: Badakaya A. S. , Umar B , M. A. Rabiu , Danhassan B. A.
Published: October 2023

Purpose: An eight weeks feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the performance of growing rabbits fed graded levels of Zizipus mauritiana leaf meal in a diet.

Methodology: Dietary treatment were designated A, B, C and D which were made up to 100% concentrate, 15%, 30% and 45% Ziziphus mauritiana leaf meal inclusion levels respectively, twenty cross bred growing rabbits of both sexes averaged 72.8g, balanced for weight and were used in a completely randomized experimental design. They were tattooed and randomly allocated to four dietary treatments replicated with seven rabbits. The rabbits were allowed one week pre-conditioning (adaptation) period during which the animals were collected for feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion efficiency was calculated.

Findings: There were significant (p<0.05) differences in all the parameters considered. Diet D had the highest significant (p<0.05) effect in terms of weight gain with value of 648g compared to others while the control diet recoded the least value with 436g. similarly, diet D was the most consumed and a significant (p<0.05) difference was observed between diet B and C, with the former having a higher value of 124.86g. the result further revealed that as the level of Ziziphus Mauritian leaf increased in the diets lower values for feed conversion efficiency were obtained.

Unique contribution to theory, policy, and practice: This indicates that supplementation with the test ingredient increases the efficiency with which the dies were utilized. Thus, diet D, with the most favorable results among the treatments groups is superior to others. It is therefore recommended for growing rabbits.

Key words: Rabbits, Leaf meal, feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion efficiency
Kajian Kegempaan Lanjutan Wilayah Palu, dan Aplikasinya Pada Perencanaan Infrastruktur Kelautan
Authors: Nugroho Adecar , Sariska Yulisa , Nurisa  , Puspita Titia Yudha Sarah
Published: October 2023

Peristiwa seismik pada akhir September 2018 yang memicu tsunami menyebabkan kerusakan besar di tiga pelabuhan di Sulawesi Tengah, dimana pelabuhan pelabuhan tersebut memegang peranan penting bagi aktifitas ekonomi daerah. Saat ini pelabuhan pelabuhan tersebut tetap beroperasi walaupun dengan keadaan yang kurang layak. Adapun setelah kejadian tersebut, Pemerintah mengeluarkan Peta Zona Rawan Bencana yang mengindikasikan bahwa daerah tersebut dikategorikan sebagai Zona terlarang (untuk kegiatan konstruksi). Hal ini tentunya berdampak pada kegiatan perencanaan rehabilitasi dan pengembangan daerah tersebut pada umumnya, dan rehabilitasi dan pengembangan infrastruktur kelautan pada khususnya. Dengan pemahaman kondisi setempat dimana daerah tersebut berada dalam jarak yang sangat dekat dengan sesar aktif, maka tim penulis melakukan study lanjutan untuk dapat memberikan rekomendasi beban gempa dan dampak yang harus di pertimbangkan dalam perencanaan infrastruktur. Dengan studi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan jalan tengah yang menjembatani antara perekonomian daerah, kesejahteraan masyarakat dan keselamatan dengan kaitannya terhadap pemenuhan regulasi atau acuan pemerintah.
İhmal Edilen Aile Değerlerinin, Bütünlük Duygusunun ve Toplumsal İlginin Gençler Üzerindeki Etkisi: Eğitim ve Sosyal Politika Perspektifinden İnceleme
Authors: AYHAN Zuhal , PEKĞÖZ ÇEVİKER Arzu
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmanın genel amacı, gençlerde ihmal edilen aile değerleri, bütünlük duygusu ve toplumsal ilginin durumunu ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma evreni Ankara’da yaşayan 18 yaş üstü genç bireylerdir. Örneklem grubu ise 254 genç bireylerden oluşmuşmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda; gençlerde, aile bütünlük duygusunun ve aile değerlerinin ortalamanın biraz üstünde, toplumsal ilgi durumunun ortalamanın altında anlamlı fark görülmektedir. Genç kadınlarda aile bütünlük (tutarlılık) duygusu ve aile değerleri algısı erkeklerden daha fazla olduğu yönünde ortaya sonuca ulaşılmaktadır. Diğer taraftan toplumsal ilgi algıları kadın ve erkeğe göre değişmediği; 18 yaş grubundaki gençler diğer yaş gruplarına göre daha yüksek aile bütünlüğüne önem verdiği anlaşılmaktadır. Anne ve baba eğitim durumlarına göre her üç ölçekte anlamlı bir farklılık çıkmamıştır. Yüksek gelir grubundaki gençler orta gelir grubundaki gençlere göre daha yüksek aile bütünlüğüne önem verdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu bağlamda araştrma sonuçları doğrultusunda Eğitim ve Sosyal politika ekseninde önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Mwanafunzi wa shule ya kikoloni, mwalimu baada ya uhuru wa Tanzania: simulizi ya mwanamke aliyewaelimisha wengi
Authors: Wenzek Florence
Published: October 2023

Born in 1941 in the British colony of Tanganyika, Theresia M. was one of the few hundred girls who were trained as teachers at the end of the colonial period. She began teaching in 1960, a year before independence, and belongs to the first generation of Tanzanian women who had full careers as qualified employees while marrying and having children. Her account, which focuses on educational issues, recounts the experiences of a woman whose background is that of a minority who played a major role in passing on knowledge after independence, when education for all became a political imperative. The interview sheds light on the family and educational contexts that enabled Theresia M. to build her path and highlights her social contribution to independent Tanzania through her commitment to adult education, in public programmes as well as with the Anglican Church.
Die Zeit drängt – Phosphorrückgewinnung aus Klärschlamm
Authors: Roskosch Andrea , Heidecke Patric
Published: October 2023

Ab 2029 sind Klärschlämme mit einem P-Gehalt > 20 mg/kg Trockenmasse einer P-Rückgewinnung zuzuführen. Bis dahin verbleibt nicht viel Zeit. Wie sind der aktuelle Stand und Perspektiven der technischen Kapazitäten zur Phosphorrückgewinnung zu beurteilen?
Relative analysis of two citrus species versus maize for potential nutritive traits as livestock feed
Authors: IDAMOKORO Emrobowansan Monday , HOSU Yiseyon Sunday
Published: October 2023

The present study seek to assess the nutritional qualities and the mineral composition of citrus fruits (pulps + peels) of two different species (Citrus clementina and Citrus limon), while comparing its nutritive perspective with Zea mays L (yellow maize) commonly used as livestock feed. Proximate evaluation was done via the method of the association of official analytical chemists (AOAC). Elemental components of citrus species were measured by means of a standard spectrometer. The proximate evaluation of the sample indicated that Citrus limon fruit contained comparable amounts of protein, fibre and lipid, but significantly higher ash contents than yellow maize. While the Citrus clementina was higher in protein and ash content, but comparable moisture content to Zea mays L. Meanwhile, minerals including Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cu, Mn and Fe were significantly higher in the two citrus species than in Zea mays L. Therefore the manuscript revealed that the Citrus clementina and Citrus limon species possess the potentials to be utilized as livestock feed ingredients.
Comparison of rectal thermometry with the alternative undertail, axillary, and inguinal temperature measurements in sheep
Authors: ABIGABA Rubaijaniza , SIANANGAMA Pharaoh Collins , CHIBINGA Oswin , GULAITA Norah , SITALI Muloongo C. , MWAANGA Edwell S.
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted to ascertain the suitability of alternative locations for temperature measurement, with reference to rectal thermometry in sheep, using a digital thermometer (DT). The study employed a single-factor multilevel design, considering anatomical location (site) as the main factor. This anatomical location factor had four conditions, including rectal (rectalDTt), undertail (undertailDTt), inguinal (inguinalDTt), and axillary (axillaryDTt) locations. A total of 16 sheep were recruited for the study, and each treatment had eight replicates. The data obtained were descriptively analyzed using means and standard deviations, while inferential statistics included analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson’s correlation, Tukey’s test, t-test, and Bland-Altman plot. The mean inguinalDTt was the highest (39.51 ± 0.31℃), while the lowest was the mean undertailDTt (38.97±0.45). The effect of anatomical location on temperature readings was statistically significant. The difference between mean rectalDTt and inguinalDTt, or axillaryDTt was not significant. The rectalDTt measurements were significantly correlated with those of each treatment. Equivalence analysis revealed a non-significant bias between the rectalDTt and inguinalDTt pair. The Bland-Altman plot showed a good level of correlation and considerable agreement between rectalDTt and inguinalDTt measurements. In conclusion, temperature measurement at the inguinal location results in readings that are similar to those of rectal thermometry and thus may be of clinical importance in the future, particularly with digital thermometer application in sheep.
3D PROTOCOLO OF MEDICINAL BIOMAGNETISM THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY
Authors: Midding Lazzari Claudete , Pitondo da Silva Peplinski Sandra , Mara Rambo Angela , Maria Oliveira Lima Márcia , Viapiana Bossa Adriane
Published: October 2023

Medicinal Biomagnetism (MB), developed by Dr. Isaac Goiz Durán, is a therapeutic technique aimed at diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases by adjusting the pH of specific body regions. This method utilizes static magnetic fields generated by magnets applied to specific points to regulate biomagnetic fields and treat pathologies. With obesity becoming a globally prevalent dysfunction, safe and effective therapeutic alternatives are necessary. In this descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, we assessed the effect of the MB 3D Protocol on an obese patient using bioimpedance. The protocol was applied in 15 sessions over 15 weeks. The results revealed significant improvements in the evaluated measurements, although the body mass index (BMI) did not change categories. It is concluded that the MB 3D Protocol demonstrated promising results in the treatment of obesity, highlighting its relevance as a complementary therapeutic tool. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings and better understand its role in obesity management.
A just coal transition in Indonesia: actors, framings and future directions
Authors: Bößner Stefan , Fauzi Dimas , Rimal Pranita
Published: October 2023

Indonesia, the world’s third largest coal producer after China and India, committed to becoming a “net-zero” economy by 2060 at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP26) in Glasgow in 2021. However, reaching this objective will be difficult, given the importance of coal for both the country’s economy and power generation, but also necessary. Included in the many challenges are diverging visions of stakeholders as to how and sometimes whether to phase out coal usage, and how to follow a “just energy transition” pathway. This paper, based both on a desk review of scientific and other literature and on in-country stakeholder consultations, explores how those diverging visions and priorities might hinder a coal phase-down and, in the end, a phase-out of coal in Indonesia. In addition to exploring those visions, the report also sheds light on the socio-economic barriers to a truly just energy transition in the country.
Perre Nekropolisi’nden Bir Hypogeum Mezar
Authors: YAĞIZ Kahraman , DOĞAN Taylan
Published: October 2023

Bu makalenin konusunu, 2022 yılında, Perre antik kenti kazılarında ortaya çıkarılan bir hypogeum mezar oluşturmaktadır. Mezar, üstü açık basamaklı bir dromosa ve bir odaya sahiptir. Mezar odasında biri tamamlanmış, diğeri yarım bırakılmış toplam iki niş yer almaktadır. Mezarda, inhumasyon tarzında gömülmüş beş bireye ait kafatası ve gövde kemikleri ele geçmiştir. Bunlardan, iki kafatası ve gövde kemikleri tamamlanmış nişin içinde yer alırken, diğer üç kafatası mezar girişinin yakınlarında bulunmuştur. İskeletlerin yanı sıra mezarda parçalar halinde altı pişmiş toprak unguentarium, beş cam unguentarium, beş altın çelenk ve diadem parçası, iki demir iğne, bir demir tutucu, demir plakalar ve çiviler bulunmuştur. Bu mezar hediyeleri, Perre Nekropolisi’nde ilk defa bir mezar içinde ele geçen steril kontekst buluntu grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu durum ise mezarı önemli kılmaktadır. Çünkü daha önce gerçekleştirilen kazı çalışmaları sonucunda, nekropolisin tarihi için oldukça geniş zaman aralıkları (Geç Hellenistik dönemden Erken Bizans dönemine veya MÖ 1. yüzyıldan İslami döneme kadar gibi) sunulmuştur. Bu hypogeum mezar ile birlikte, Perre Nekropolisi’nde, en azından benzer mezar grupları için daha dar bir zaman aralığı sunma imkânı doğmuştur. Ayrıca, mezar buluntuları kişisel bakım ve süs eşyalarından ibaret olup, birbirleriyle bağlantılı bir set oluşturmaktadır. Bu da mezardaki bireylerden en az birinin kadın olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Mezardan ele geçen pişmiş toprak ve cam unguentariumlar, mezarın ve diğer metal buluntuların MS 50 ile MS 100/125 yıllarına ait olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Verimlilik Yanlılığı Hipotezinin Doğrulanması: Seçilmiş Yükselen Piyasa Ekonomilerinden Kanıtlar
Authors: KARASOY Alper
Published: October 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, seçilmiş 10 büyük yükselen piyasa ekonomisinde verimlilik yanlılığı hipotezinin (VYH) geçerliliğini 1991-2021 dönemi için test etmektir.

Yöntem: Bu araştırmada yatay kesit bağımlılığını dikkate alan panel veri analiz yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle birim-kök testiyle kullanılan değişkenlerin (nispi verimlilik ve reel döviz kuru) durağanlık dereceleri belirlenmiştir. Sonraki aşamada kesirli frekanslı esnek Fourier yapılı panel eş-bütünleşme testiyle modeldeki değişkenlerin eş-bütünleşik olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın son aşamasında genişletilmiş ortalama grup (AMG) yöntemiyle uzun dönemde nispi verimliliğin reel döviz kurunu nasıl etkilediği bulunarak VYH’nin geçerliliği sınanmıştır.

Bulgular: Birincisi, nispi verimlilik ve reel döviz kuru hem oluşturulan panelde hem de paneldeki ülkelerin tamamında eş-bütünleşiktir. İkincisi, oluşturulan panelde ve paneldeki 10 ülkenin 8’inde (Çin, Mısır, Endonezya, Hindistan, Güney Kore, Polonya, Türkiye ve Güney Afrika) nispi verimliliğin uzun dönemde reel döviz kurunu artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, VYH’nin geçerliliğini doğrulamaktadır. Son olarak Brezilya ve Meksika’da VYH reddedilmiştir.

Özgünlük: Yükselen piyasa ekonomilerinde VYH’nin geçerliliğini inceleyen çalışma sayısı son derece sınırlıdır. Ayrıca bu araştırmada kullanılan panel eş-bütünleşme testi, kesirli frekanslı Fourier fonksiyonları yardımıyla, yapısal kırılmaları dikkate almaktadır.
Eko-İnovasyon Performansının Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkisi: Avrupa Birliği Ülkeleri Üzerine Panel Veri Analizi
Authors: AVUNDUK Zehra Binnur , İÇEN Hüseyin
Published: October 2023

Amaç: Küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliğiyle mücadelede sürdürülebilirliğe yönelik yenilikçi yollar arayışı uluslararası gündemde özellikle son birkaç yıl içerisinde daha fazla önem kazanmıştır. Avrupa Birliği’ne göre bu konuda en önemli yollardan biri olarak addedilen eko-inovasyon, olumsuz çevresel etkilerin azaltılmasını ve kaynakların daha verimli kullanılmasını sağlayan bir araçtır. Bu bağlamda çalışma temel olarak, eko-inovasyon performansının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde nasıl bir etkiye sahip olduğunu araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemi olarak Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri seçilmiş ve analizler, Eurostat veri tabanından elde edilen ikincil verilerle uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, eko-inovasyon performansı ve ekonomik büyüme, sırasıyla eko-inovasyon endeksi ve gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla (GSYİH) kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Ampirik analiz panel veri yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Araştırmanın sonucuna göre AB ülkeleri için 2013-2022 döneminde eko-inovasyondaki %1’lik artış ekonomik büyümeyi %0,53 oranında arttırmıştır. Eko-inovasyonun son 10 yıllık dönemde AB üyesi ülkelerin ekonomik refahında yükselme etkisi yarattığı ifade edilebilir.

Özgünlük: Mevcut çalışma, eko-inovasyon performansının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde nasıl bir etkisi olduğu sorusunu tartışarak literatüre teorik ve ampirik olarak, yönetici ve politika geliştiricilere ise sunduğu önerilerle katkı sağlayan ülke düzeyindeki ilk çalışma olma özelliğine sahiptir.
Pelatihan Pendamping PPH Halal Center UMsurabaya Untuk Mensukseskan Program Sertifikasi Halal Pemerintah
Authors: Muhammad Anas , Fitri Nuraini  , Siti Mardiyah  , Baterun Kunsah  , Yeti Eka Sispita  , Luluk Latifah  , Nina Veronica  , Ali Immanudin  , Andre Ridho Saputro  , Ridho Akbar  , Agus Purwanto  , Huliyyatul Wahdah  , Ahmad Mochtar Jamil  , Tiffany Lovenlya Indy Ayu Putri Kundayadi  , Thariq Malikul Mulki  , Nova Ulumiya  , Wahyu Setiawan
Published: October 2023

Community service is carried out to welcome the obligatory halal food and beverage on October 17, 2024. Most micro and small businesses do not understand. The methods used are 1) exploring the understanding of halal certification, 2) conducting socialization of mandatory halal, 3) providing assistant staff for processing halal products by conducting training, and 4) assisting in registering self-declared halal certification through the Si Halal application. The results of community service activities provided 140 assistants in the process of halal products and issued halal certificates for food and beverage products owned by micro-small business actors in 91 certificates. Some obstacles are faced by unstable internet connection, the motivation of assistants and business actors fluctuate, the ability to operate gadgets is still limited, and many business actors do not have NPWP and NIB. As the obligation for halal certification is getting closer, it is necessary to socialize the obligation for halal certification more massively so that all business actors immediately take care of the halal certification of their products.
Statistical Appraisal of Geothermal Heat Flow Observations in the Arctic
Authors: Freienstein Judith , Szwillus Wolfgang , Wansing Agnes , Ebbing Jörg
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Geothermal heat flow is an important boundary condition for ice sheet, affecting for example basal melt rates, but for ice covered regions we only have sparse heat flow observations with partly high uncertainty. In this study, we first investigate the agreement between such point-wise heat flow observations and Solid Earth models, applying a 1D steady state approach to perform a statistical analysis for the entire Arctic region. We find that most of the continental heat flow observations have a high reliability and agreement to Solid Earth models, except a few data points, as for example the NGRIP point in Central Greenland. For further testing, we perform a conditional simulation with focus on Greenland, in which the local characteristics of heat flow structures can be considered. Simple kriging shows that including or excluding the less reliable NGRIP point has a large influence on the surrounding heat flow. The geostatistical analysis with the conditional simulation supports the assumption that NGRIP might not only be problematic for representing a regional feature but likely is an outlier. Basal melt estimates show that such a local spot of high heat flow results in local high basal melt rates, but leads to less variation than existing geophysical models.
Impact of HO2/RO2 ratio on highly oxygenated α-pinene photooxidation products and secondary organic aerosol formation potential
Authors: Baker Yarê , Kang Sungah , Wang Hui , Wu Rongrong , Xu Jian , Zanders Annika , He Quanfu , Hohaus Thorsten , Ziehm Till , Geretti Veronica , Bannan Thomas J. , O'Meara Simon P. , Voliotis Aristeidis , Hallquist Mattias , McFiggans Gordon , Zorn Sören R. , Wahner Andreas , Mentel Thomas
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Highly oxygenated molecules (HOM) from the atmospheric oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds are important contributors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Organic peroxy radicals (RO2) and hydroperoxy radicals (HO2) are key species influencing the HOM product distribution. In laboratory studies experimental requirements often result in overemphasis of RO2 cross-reactions compared to reactions of RO2 with HO2. We analyzed the photochemical formation of HOMs from α-pinene and their potential to contribute to SOA formation under high (≈1/1) and low (≈1/100) HO2/RO2 conditions. As HO2/RO2 > 1 is prevalent in the daytime atmosphere, sufficiently high HO2/RO2 is crucial to mimic atmospheric conditions and to prevent biases by low HO2/RO2 on the HOM product distribution and thus SOA yield. Experiments were performed under steady-state conditions in the new, continuously stirred tank reactor SAPHIR-STAR at Forschungszentrum Jülich. The HO2/RO2 ratio was increased by adding CO, while keeping the OH concentration constant. We determined the HOM’s SOA formation potential, considering their fraction remaining in the gas phase after seeding with (NH4)2SO4 aerosol. Increase of HO2/RO2 led to a reduction in SOA formation potential, with the main driver being a ≈60 % reduction in HOM-accretion products. We also observed a shift in HOM-monomer functionalization from carbonyl to hydroperoxide groups. We determined a reduction of the HOM’s SOA formation potential by ≈30 % at HO2/RO2≈1/1. Particle phase observations measured an about according decrease in SOA mass and yield.  Our study showed that too low HO2/RO2 ratios compared to the atmosphere can lead to an overestimation of SOA yields.
HiQ-LAI: A High-Quality Reprocessed MODIS LAI Dataset with Better Spatio-temporal Consistency from 2000 to 2022
Authors: Yan Kai , Wang Jingrui , Peng Rui , Yang Kai , Chen Xiuzhi , Yin Gaofei , Dong Jinwei , Weiss Marie , Pu Jiabin , Myneni Ranga B.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Leaf Area Index (LAI) is a crucial parameter for characterizing vegetation canopy structure and energy absorption capacity. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) LAI has played a significant role in landmark studies due to its clear theoretical basis, extensive historical time series, reliable validation results, and open accessibility. However, MODIS LAI retrievals are calculated independently for each pixel and a specific day, resulting in high noise levels in the time series and limiting its applications. Existing reprocessing studies for MODIS LAI predominantly rely on temporal information to achieve smoother LAI profiles, with little use of spatial information. This may not only easily ignore genuine LAI anomalies but also likely lead to certain overfitting issues. To address these problems, we designed the Spatio-Temporal Information Compositing Algorithm (STICA) for the reprocessing of MODIS LAI products. This method integrates information from multiple dimensions, including pixel quality information, spatio-temporal correlation, and original retrieval, and thus enables both "reprocessing" and "data value-added" of the existing MODIS LAI products, leading to the development of the High-Quality LAI (HiQ-LAI) dataset. Compared to ground measurements, HiQ-LAI shows better performance than the original MODIS product with Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) / Bias decreased from 0.87 / -0.17 to 0.78 / -0.06. This is due to the improvement of HiQ-LAI in capturing the seasonality of vegetation phenology and in reducing time-series abnormal fluctuations. The Time-series Stability (TSS) index which represents temporal stability, indicated that the area with smooth LAI time-series expanded from 31.8 % (MODIS) to 78.8 % (HiQ) globally, and this improvement is more obvious in equatorial regions where optical remote sensing usually cannot achieve good performance. We found that the HiQ-LAI demonstrates superior continuity and consistency compared to raw MODIS LAI from both spatial and temporal perspectives. We anticipate that the global HiQ-LAI time-series, generated by the STICA procedure on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, will significantly enhance support for diverse global LAI time-series applications. The 500 m/5 km-8 days HiQ-LAI dataset from 2000 to 2022 is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8296768 (Yan et al., 2023).
Insights into German polar research during POLARSTUNDE
Authors: Zuhr Alexandra M. , Loebel Erik , Muchow Marek , Dennis Donovan , von Albedyll Luisa , Kruse Frigga , Kassens Heidemarie , Grabow Johanna , Piepenburg Dieter , Brandt Sören , Lehmann Rainer , Jessen Marlene , Krüger Friederike , Kallfelz Monika , Preußer Andreas , Braun Matthias , Seehaus Thorsten , Lisker Frank , Röhnert Daniela , Scheinert Mirko
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Polar research is an interdisciplinary and multi-faceted field of research ranging from history to geology and geophysics to social sciences and education. Thus, several different universities and institutions within Germany participate in polar research. The seminar series POLARSTUNDE, organized by the German Society for Polar Research (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Polarforschung) and the German National Committee of the Association of Polar Early Career Scientists (APECS Germany) regularly features different topics of German polar research. Although initially a “pandemic solution”, the seminar series has established itself as a valuable and highly successful part of the German polar research landscape. The seminar series was held in German and was aimed at both scientists and the general public. This article addresses the first season of POLARSTUNDE and provides (1) comprehensive summaries of the talks and (2) insight into the planning and execution from an organizational point of view.
Drilling into a deep buried valley (ICDP DOVE): a 252 m long sediment succession from a glacial overdeepening in northwestern Switzerland
Authors: Schaller Sebastian , Buechi Marius W. , Schuster Bennet , Anselmetti Flavio S.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The modern Alpine landscape and its foreland were strongly impacted by the numerous glacier advance and retreat cycles during the Middle-to-Late Pleistocene. Due to the overall erosive character of each glaciation cycle, however, direct traces of older glaciations tend to be poorly preserved within the formerly glaciated domains of the pan-Alpine area. Nevertheless, sediments of older glaciations may occur hidden under the modern surface in buried glacially overdeepened troughs that reach below the normal level of fluvial erosion (fluvial base level). These sedimentary archives, partly dating back to the Middle Pleistocene period, are of great scientific value for reconstructing the timing and extent of extensive Alpine glaciation, paleoclimate, and paleoenvironmental changes in the past and help to better understand ongoing and future changes in the pan-Alpine area. Therefore, the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) project DOVE (Drilling Overdeepened Alpine Valleys) targets several of these glacial overdeepened sedimentary basins to recover their sedimentary infills. In the frame of the DOVE project, a 252 m long drill core of unconsolidated Quaternary sediments was recovered in northern Switzerland from an over 300 m deep glacially overdeepened structure (“Basadingen Trough”) formed by the former Rhine Glacier lobe system. The recovered sedimentary succession was divided into three stratigraphic units on the basis of lithological and petrophysical characteristics. The lowest unit, deposited below the fluvial base level, consists of an over 200 m thick succession of glacial to (glacio)lacustrine sediments and contains remains of possibly two glaciation cycles. Overlying this lowermost succession, an ∼ 37 m thick fluvial-to-glaciofluvial gravel deposit occurs, which correlates to a locally outcropping Middle Pleistocene formation (“Buechberg Gravel Complex”). The sediment succession is capped by an ∼ 11 m thick diamictic succession interpreted as the subglacial till from the later extensive glaciation, including the regional glaciation during the Last Glacial Maximum. The recovered sediment succession thus supports the proposed multi-phase origin of trough formation and its infill.
Coring tools have an effect on lithification and physical properties of marine carbonate sediments
Authors: De Vleeschouwer David , Nohl Theresa , Schulbert Christian , Bialik Or M. , Auer Gerald
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) JOIDES Resolution Science Operator typically uses an advanced piston corer (APC) in soft ooze and sediments and an extended core barrel (XCB) in firm sediments. The coring tool exchange typically occurs around the same depth in adjacent holes of the same site. However, during IODP Expedition 356, the coring tool switch occurred at different depths: IODP Sites U1463 and U1464 are marked by a stratigraphic interval (> 25 m thick) that was XCB cored in one hole and APC cored in other holes. Shipboard scientists remarked that APC-cored sediments were unlithified or partially lithified, while XCB-cored sediments were fully lithified. This difference in sedimentological description of the same formation seems to be an effect of coring technique. To provide further insight, we assessed the physical properties (bulk density, porosity, and P-wave velocity), downhole wireline logging data, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, and micro-computed tomography (µCT) scans of those intervals. We find systematic differences between the different coring techniques. XCB cores are characterized by systematically lower bulk density, higher porosity, and higher P-wave velocity than APC cores. Downhole logging data suggest that the original P-wave velocity of the formation is better preserved in XCB cores, despite the typical “biscuit-and-gravy” core disturbance (i.e. well-preserved core fragments surrounded by squelched core material). In conjunction with SEM and µCT images, we conclude that the APC tool destroyed early lithification by breaking cements between individual grains. Moreover, µCT images reveal denser packing and smaller pore volumes in the APC cores. These sedimentary changes likely occur when the APC pressure wave passes through the sediment. The destruction of grain-to-grain cements provides an explanation for the significantly lower P-wave velocities in APC cores. Interestingly, the gravy sections in XCB drilled cores mimic the destruction of early lithification and reduction of pore volume. We conclude that APC remains the tool of choice for recovering soft sediments, especially for paleoclimate purposes. However, for the study of lithification, XCB biscuits provide a more representative image of the formation. For the study of early diagenesis, further studies are required to ascertain the preservation of key sedimentary features using existing and new drilling tools.
Workshop report: PlioWest – drilling Pliocene lakes in western North America
Authors: Smith Alison J. , Ito Emi , Burls Natalie , Clarke Leon , Donders Timme , Hatfield Robert , Kuehn Stephen , Koutsodendris Andreas , Lowenstein Tim , McGee David , Molnar Peter , Prokopenko Alexander , Snell Katie , Valero Garcés Blas , Werne Josef , Zeeden Christian ,   the PlioWest Working Consortium
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The Pliocene Epoch is a focus of scientific interest as a period of sustained global warmth, with reconstructed CO2 concentrations and a continent configuration similar to modern. Numerous studies suggest that the Pliocene was warmer and largely wetter than today, at least in the subtropics, which contrasts with the long-term hydroclimatic response of drying conditions predicted by most climate model simulations. Two key features of Pliocene warmth established from sea surface temperature reconstructions could affect dynamic changes that influence the hydrologic cycle: (1) a weaker Pliocene zonal gradient in sea surface temperature (SST) between the western and eastern equatorial Pacific resembling El Niño-like conditions and (2) polar-amplified Pliocene warmth, supporting a weaker Equator-to-pole temperature gradient. The distribution of wet conditions in western North America and the timing of late Pliocene–Quaternary aridification offer the potential to evaluate the relative roles of these two external forcings of the climate in western North America, with broader global implications for Mediterranean-type climate (MTC) regions. We convened a virtual ICDP workshop that spanned a 2-week period in September 2021, to choose optimal drill sites and legacy cores to address the overall scientific goals, flesh out research questions, and discuss how best to answer them. A total of 56 participants from 12 countries (17 time zones), representing a wide range of disciplines, came together virtually for a series of plenary and working group sessions. We have chosen to study five basins (Butte Valley, Tule Lake, Lake Idaho, Searles Lake, and Verde Valley) that span 7 ∘ of latitude to test our hypotheses and to reconstruct the evolution of western North American hydroclimate with special focus on the time ranges of 4.5–3.5 and 3–2.5 Myr. Although individual Pliocene lake records occur in many areas of the world, the western North American basins are unique and globally significant as deep perennial freshwater Pliocene lakes latitudinally arrayed in a MTC region and are able to capture a response to Pacific forcing. We propose new drill cores from three of these basins. During the workshop, we discussed the stratigraphy and subsurface structure of each basin and revised the chronological frameworks and the basin-to-basin correlations. We also identified the best-suited proxies for hydroclimate reconstructions for each particular basin and put forward a multi-technique strategy for depth–age modeling. Reconstructions based on data from these sites will complement the SST reconstructions from global sites spanning the last 4.5 Ma and elucidate the large-scale hydrological cycle controls associated with both global warming and cooling.
Planning for the Lake Izabal Basin Research Endeavor (LIBRE) continental scientific drilling project in eastern Guatemala
Authors: Obrist-Farner Jonathan , Eckert Andreas , Douglas Peter M. J. , Perez Liseth , Correa-Metrio Alex , Konecky Bronwen L. , Bauersachs Thorsten , Zimmerman Susan , Scheidt Stephanie , Brenner Mark , Kutterolf Steffen , Maurer Jeremy , Flores Omar , Burberry Caroline M. , Noren Anders , Myrbo Amy , Lachniet Matthew , Wattrus Nigel , Gibson Derek ,   the LIBRE scientific team
Published: October 2023

Abstract. As Earth's atmospheric temperatures and human populations increase, more people are becoming vulnerable to natural and human-induced disasters. This is particularly true in Central America, where the growing human population is experiencing climate extremes (droughts and floods), and the region is susceptible to geological hazards, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, and environmental deterioration in many forms (soil erosion, lake eutrophication, heavy metal contamination, etc.). Instrumental and historical data from the region are insufficient to understand and document past hazards, a necessary first step for mitigating future risks. Long, continuous, well-resolved geological records can, however, provide a window into past climate and environmental changes that can be used to better predict future conditions in the region. The Lake Izabal Basin (LIB), in eastern Guatemala, contains the longest known continental records of tectonics, climate, and environmental change in the northern Neotropics. The basin is a pull-apart depression that developed along the North American and Caribbean plate boundary ∼ 12 Myr ago and contains > 4 km of sediment. The sedimentological archive in the LIB records the interplay among several Earth System processes. Consequently, exploration of sediments in the basin can provide key information concerning: (1) tectonic deformation and earthquake history along the plate boundary; (2) the timing and causes of volcanism from the Central American Volcanic Arc; and (3) hydroclimatic, ecologic, and geomicrobiological responses to different climate and environmental states. To evaluate the LIB as a potential site for scientific drilling, 65 scientists from 13 countries and 33 institutions met in Antigua, Guatemala, in August 2022 under the auspices of the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) and the US National Science Foundation (NSF). Several working groups developed scientific questions and overarching hypotheses that could be addressed by drilling the LIB and identified optimal coring sites and instrumentation needed to achieve the project goals. The group also discussed logistical challenges and outreach opportunities. The project is not only an outstanding opportunity to improve our scientific understanding of seismotectonic, volcanic, paleoclimatic, paleoecologic, and paleobiologic processes that operate in the tropics of Central America, but it is also an opportunity to improve understanding of multiple geological hazards and communicate that knowledge to help increase the resilience of at-risk Central American communities.
SELECTION OF PRODUCTIVE PRECOCIOUS COTTON SAMPLES WITH HIGH TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITIES OF FIBER
Authors:   LLP «Agricultural experimental station of cotton and melon growing», Atakentvillage, Kazakhstan, Makhmadzhanov S.P. , Tokhetova L.A. ,   LLP «Agricultural experimental station of cotton and melon growing», Atakentvillage, Kazakhstan, Daurenbek N.M. ,   LLP «Agricultural experimental station of cotton and melon growing», Atakentvillage, Kazakhstan, Tagaev A.M. ,   LLP «Agricultural experimental station of cotton and melon growing», Atakentvillage, Kazakhstan, Makhmadjanov D.S. ,   LLP «Agricultural experimental station of cotton and melon growing», Atakentvillage, Kazakhstan
Published: October 2023

В настоящее время, различные естественно-экстремальные условия, наблюдаемые в мире и Казахстане засоление почвы, близкий уровень залегания грунтовых вод и заболевания, создают трудности при ведении рентабельного хлопководства. Туркестанская область является самой северной зоной хлопкосеяния, поэтому здесь необходимы скороспелые сорта отечественной селекции, так как интродукция сортов зарубежной селекции показала, что они не пригодны для нашей зоны в связи с тем, что их сорта обладают удлиненным вегетационным периодом созревания 150 -170 дней. Кроме того, даже при проведении принудительной дефолиации, их созревшие коробочки имеют низкое технологическое качество волокна, в сравнении с отечественными сортами. В мировой практике селекции хлопчатника внимание уделяется созданию высокоурожайных, с высоким качеством и количеством волокна сортов хлопчатника устойчивых к вышеназванным факторам среды. При создании селекционного мате-риала, устойчивого к различным экстремальным факторам среды важное значение имеет исполь-зование метода маркер ассоциированной селекции (MAS), а также методов молекулярной генетики, фитопатологии в ускоренном создании и внедрении в производство устойчивых к экстре-мальным факторам среды, сочетающих комплекс высоких значений признаков в новом сорте.
ECOLOGICAL VARIETY TESTING OF AFRICAN MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM (L.) R. BR) OF FOREIGN SELECTION IN THE KAZAKHSTAN PRIARALIE
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Nurgaliyev N , Tokhetova L. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Demesinova A. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan, Zhapparbekov N. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Zhalbyrov A ,   "Kazakh Research Institute of Rice named after Y.Zhakhaev" LLP, Kyzylorda city, Kazakhstan
Published: October 2023

В статье представлены результаты экологического сортоиспытания африканского проса зарубежной селекции, выделены высокопродуктивные генотипы, обладающие комплексом хозяйственно-ценных признаков, представляющие практический интерес для селекции новых высокоурожайных сортов и гибридов, устойчивых к жестким условиям возделывания, в том числе и к солевому стрессу. Эффективность лабораторной диагностики подтверждается тем, что сорта, выделившиеся в раннем онтогенезе, обеспечивали высокую продуктивность в полевых условиях. Выделены сортообразцы, обладающие высокой устойчивостью к засолению, превышающие стандарт Хашаки1 по индексу солевыносливости на 10-20 %:WRai POP, IP13150, GB 8735, Sudan POP III, IP19586, JBV 3, HHVBC Tall, Sudan POP I, IP 22269, JBV 2, Rai 171, EMSHBC, ICMS 7704. Данные сортообразцы в условиях полевого опыта сохранив высокую всхожесть, выживаемость и сохранность растений отличились высокой урожайностью зеленой массы, превысив стандарт Хашаки1 на 0,1-8,4 т/га. Корреляционный анализ основных и вспомогательных величин в условиях 2,0 % хлоридного засоления показал, что интенсивность прорастания, общая масса 14-суточных проростков и длина зародышевых корешков имели среднюю положительную корреляцию с зеленой массой и массой зерна с метелки. Данные признаки рекомендуются использовать в практической селекции при оценке обширного набора селекционного материала африканского просо.