bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discharge summaries: One size does not fit all
Authors: Esemen Yagmur , Uberti Micaela , Singh Navneet
Published: January 2024

A discharge summary is a permanent record of a patient’s hospital visit
and the primary means of handover between care providers, but they often
lack precision and omit important information. The aim of this study was
to develop the ‘ideal’ discharge summary for patients in a regional
neurosurgical centre. The essential elements were identified by
discussion with clinicians within the department of neurosurgery and
summaries were retrospectively audited against these. We then put in
place two interventions: a visual aid outlining key components was
placed above computer stations in the junior doctors’ offices and formal
departmental teaching sessions delivered. After three months we
re-audited the discharge summaries retrospectively. Initial audit
identified poor documentation especially of medical issues during
hospital admission, clinical condition on discharge and safety-netting.
After the interventions, documentation in all key components improved
dramatically. Good documentation is one of the most important
non-clinical aspects of medical practice yet, it is not always part of
under-graduate and post-graduate education. Existing guidelines about
writing good discharge summaries exist but these are vague and not
specific to specialist practice. The development of a simple specialty
specific discharge summary guide can improve discharge summary quality
and should be encouraged in all specialties.
Insight into epigenetic modifications and CRSwNP
Authors: Lei Yu , Wen Wei-Ping , Liu Tianrun , Wei Yi , Sun Xiaomei
Published: January 2024

Epigenetic was identified to closely related to nasal polyp formation in
CRSwNP before 18 years ago,epigenetic modifications have gained more
attention from researchers owing to their importance role in the
pathogenesis of CRSwNP and potential biomarkers for diagnosis and
treatment. As regulators, epigenetic modifications (including ncRNA,
histone modification and DNA methylation) participate in inflammation
and remodeling processes by different signaling pathways through
affecting gene expression. In this review, we conclude epigenetic
changes in CRSwNP , between ECRSwNP and non-ECRSwNP and CRSwNP with
comorbid asthma,and summarize relative signaling pathways.In addition,
we review epigenetic changes in response to micro biome factors
containing bacterias, virus and environment factors and offer novel
epigenetic biomarkers for CRSwNP. Moreover, correlation between clinical
presentations and epigenetic changes also is presented. In conclusion,
we highlight the importance of studies concerning epigenetic
modifications in CRSwNP to help us better understand molecular
mechanisms during the development of CRSwNP, and propose some unmeet
questions and hypothesis .
Detection and identification of marine fish mislabeling in Guangzhou's supermarkets and sushi restaurants using DNA barcoding
Authors: Liu Bo , Yang Jing-Wen , Liu Baosuo , Zhang Nan , Guo Liang , Guo Huangyang , Zhang Dianchang
Published: January 2024

In this study, DNA barcoding was applied to identify the exact species
of fish products from Guangzhou supermarkets and sushi restaurants and
to check if these products are correctly labeled. Different samples were
analyzed using mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene
as the target. Our results showed that the CO I gene of all 139 samples
examined were successfully amplified by PCR. However when sequenced, 30
samples (21.58%) were mislabeled, in which all the products labeled
with “snapper” were actually the low-cost “tilapia”; 11 samples
could not be identified (7.91%) and 4 samples failed (2.88%). We also
found that the proper label for fish products in sushi restaurants was
higher than that in supermarkets. As a simple, rapid and efficient
technology, DNA barcoding can be widely used for species identification
of fish products. Our work shows that regulation on the labelling of
fish products in Guangzhou is needed.
The Median Effective Analgesic Concentration (MEAC) of Ropivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block for Postoperative Analgesia after Arthroscopic Repair of Rotator Cuff: A Double-Blind Up-Down Concentration-Finding Study
Authors: Xu Cheng , Wang Chengyu , Gu Fei , Chen Rui , Zhou Quanhong , Lu Jie
Published: January 2024

Objectives：The median effective concentration of ropivacaine in
interscalene brachial plexus block for postoperative analgesia after
arthroscopic rotator cuff repair(ARCR) has not been determined. Design:
this is a prospective double blinded study. Method: This study was
conducted on 40 patients with ASA grade I or II who had selective ARCR.
A concentration of 10mL ropivacaine administered for the Interscalene
brachial plexus block(ISBPB) was determined using the up-and-down
sequential. The initial concentration of ropivacaine 0.3%. After a
successful or unsuccessful postoperative analgesia, the concentration of
ropivacaine was decreased or increased by 0.05% in the next patient,
respectively. We defined successful postoperative analgesia as a visual
analogue scale(VAS)score＜4 at rest or activity within initial 8 hours
after ISBPB. VAS score≥4 was defined as unsuccessful analgesia. The
analytic techniques of linear, linear-logarithmic, exponential
regressions and centered isotonic regression were used to determine the
EC50 of ropivacaine and the residual standard errors were calculated for
the comparison of “goodness of fit” among the different models.
Results: The concentration of local anesthetic ropivacaine administered
ranged from 0.1% to 0.35%. The EC50 (95% confidence interval) from 4
different statistical approaches (linear, linear-logarithmic,
exponential regressions and centred isotonic regression) were 0.207%
(0.168%, 0.355%), 0.182% (0.165%, 0.353%), 0.196% (0.154%,
0.356%), and 0.163%, respectively. Among all of the 4 models, the
exponential regression had the least residual standard error (0.0990).
Conclusion: The EC50 derived from four statistical models for 10ml
ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block for
postoperative analgesia was distributed in a narrow range of
0.163%–0.207%.
PEPc-mediated CO2 assimilation provides carbons to gluconeogenesis and the TCA cycle in both dark-exposed and illuminated guard cells
Authors: Lima Valéria , Medeiros David , Cândido‐Sobrinho Silvio , Freire Francisco , Porto Nicole , Erban Alexander , Kopka Joachim , Schwarzländer Markus , Fernie Alisdair R. , Daloso Danilo
Published: January 2024

Evidence suggests that guard cells have higher rate of
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPc)-mediated dark CO2 assimilation
than mesophyll cells. However, it is unknown which metabolic pathways
are activated following dark CO2 assimilation in guard cells.
Furthermore, it remains unclear how the metabolic fluxes throughout the
tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and associated pathways are regulated in
illuminated guard cells. Here we used 13C-HCO3 labelling of tobacco
guard cells harvested under continuous dark or during the dark-to-light
transition to elucidate principles of metabolic dynamics downstream of
CO2 assimilation. Most metabolic changes were similar between
dark-exposed and illuminated guard cells. However, illumination
increased the 13C-enrichment in sugars and metabolites associated to the
TCA cycle. Sucrose was labelled in the dark, but light exposure
increased the 13C-labelling into this metabolite. Fumarate was strongly
labelled under both dark and light conditions, while illumination
increased the 13C-enrichment in pyruvate, succinate and glutamate. Only
one 13C was incorporated into malate and citrate in either dark or light
conditions. Our results collectively suggest that the PEPc-mediated CO2
assimilation provides carbons for gluconeogenesis, the TCA cycle and
glutamate synthesis and that previously stored malate and citrate are
used to underpin the specific metabolic requirements of illuminated
guard cells.
Post quantum Ostrowski-type inequalities for twice $(p,q)$-differentiable convex functions
Authors: Luangboon Waewta , Nonlaopon Kamsing , Tariboon Jessada , Ntouyas S.K. , Budak Huseyin
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we establish a new post quantum integral identity for
twice $(p,q)$-differentiable convex functions. Then, we use this
result to derive some new post quantum Ostrowski-type inequalities for
twice $(p,q)$-differentiable convex functions involving $(p,q)_a$-
and $(p,q)^b$-integrals. The newly established results are also
proven to be generalizations of some existing results in the field of
integral inequalities of already published ones.
Predicting postoperative facial dysfunction by using facial nerve monitoring during parotid surgery
Authors: Higashino Masaaki , Kawata Ryo , Omura Shuji , Terada Tetsuya , Haginomori Shin-ichi
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To investigate a method for predicting postoperative facial
nerve palsy during parotid surgery using facial nerve monitoring. Design
and setting: This was a prospective study of diagnostic tests performed
from 2015 to 2018. Participants: We included adult patients who were
underwent parotid surgery. Main outcome measure: We assessed prediction
for postoperative facial nerve palsy by using intraoperative facial
nerve monitoring, comparing between facial nerve trunk stimulation
before and after tumor resection and between stimulation in the facial
nerve trunk and each branch by using facial nerve monitoring. The
amplitude response ratio (ARR) was calculated for the nerve trunk
before/after surgery (ARR1) and for the trunk/periphery (ARR2). We
compared these data in each group. In addition, we then examined the
correlation between ARR and time to recovery of paralyzed branches.
Results: A total of 113 patients were included. Among the 113 patients,
372 branches of 93 patients did not develop facial nerve palsy and were
classified as group A. Among 20 patients who developed paralysis, 51
branches without paralysis were classified as group B, and 29 branches
with paralysis were classified as group C. In patients with
postoperative facial nerve palsy, the potential of the main stimulus was
lower after removal than before removal. Similarly, the main trunk
stimulation was lower than the peripheral stimulation after tumor
extraction. When cut-off values for ARR1 and ARR2 were set to 0.63 and
0.55, respectively, the accuracy of postoperative facial nerve palsy
diagnosis was 91.7% and 96.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Using FNM
during parotid surgery enables easy prediction of postoperative facial
nerve palsy.
The Effect of Insurance Status on Treatment Modality in Advanced Oral Cavity Cancer
Authors: Sivarajah Shanmugappiriya , Ghods-Esfahani Daniel , Quimby Alexandra , Makki Fawaz , Montagna Giacomo , Seikaly Hadi
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Insurance status has been shown to impact survival outcomes.
We sought to determine whether insurance affects the choice of treatment
modality among patients with advanced (T4) oral cavity squamous cell
carcinoma (OCSCC). Design: Retrospective, population-based cohort study
Setting: The Survival, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program
database Participants: The population included all adult (age
> 18) patients with advanced (T4a or T4b) OCSCC diagnosed
from 2007 to 2016. Main outcome measures: The main outcome measure was
the odds of receiving definitive treatment, defined as primary surgical
resection. Insurance status was categorized into uninsured, any
Medicaid, and insured groups. Univariable, multivariable, and subgroup
analyses were performed. Results: The study population consisted of 2628
patients, of whom 1915 (72.9%) were insured, 561 (21.3%) had Medicaid,
and 152 (5.8%) were uninsured. The multivariable model showed that
patients who were 80 years or older, unmarried, with T4b disease,
received treatment in the pre-Affordable Care Act (ACA) period, and who
were on Medicaid or uninsured were significantly less likely to receive
definitive treatment. Among patients with T4a disease, insured patients
were significantly more likely to receive definitive treatment compared
to those on Medicaid or uninsured (OR=0.69, 95% CI 0.54-0.88,
p<0.0001 [Medicaid vs. Insured]; and OR=0.65, 95% CI
0.43-0.98, p=0.001 [Uninsured vs. Insured]), however these
differences did not persist when considering only those patients treated
following the 2014 expansion of the ACA. Conclusions: Insurance status
is significantly associated with treatment modality among adults with
advanced stage (T4a) OCSCC. These findings support the premise of
expanding insurance coverage in the United States.
Triangle Traceability Method Based on Concentration Gradient and Pollutant Diffusion Analysis in Rivers and Lakes
Authors: YU ZHUOCHENG
Published: January 2024

For the leakage of water pollution sources, a novel optimized solution
to trace the source of pollution in water pollution sources accidents is
provided on the basis of the traditional hexagon path algorithm. In
specific, the newly proposed solution effectively solves the inherent
defects of traditional methods, such as, fixed step size, large number
of convergence steps and high cost of traceability points. Subsequently,
the core innovation can be summarized as the Triangle Traceability
Method. Thereinto, the Traceability points adopt regular triangle
layout, but the traceability step size is adjusted according to the
concentration of real-time detectors to the traditional hexagon
traceability, which corrects and accelerates the traceability process.
In addition, the construction and calculation of pollutant water source
diffusion models with three working conditions and two pollutants are
carried out to simulate the real water situation for traceability.
Significance of Cervicovaginal Inflammatory Cytokines During Spontaneous Onset of First Stage of Labor: A Data-Driven Approach from a Pseudo-Longitudinal Study
Authors: Sandoval-Colin Daniel Eduardo , Godines-Enriquez Myrna Souraye , Espejel-Núñez Aurora , Beltrán-Montoya Jorge , Picazo-Mendoza Denisse Alejandra , Espinosa-Maldonado Nidia Carolina , Cerda-Ángeles Juan Carlos de la , Bello-Chavolla Omar Yaxmehen , Meraz-Cruz Noemí , Chavira-Suárez Erika , Vadillo-Ortega Felipe
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate the ability of cervicovaginal cytokines to
describe and predict the inflammatory processes associated to
spontaneous labor onset both, term and preterm. Design:
Pseudo-longitudinal study. Setting: Two Ministry of Health-affiliated
hospitals in Mexico City from 2018 to 2020. Population or Sample: Women
with singleton pregnancies at different moments during spontaneous onset
of first stage of labor between 12 and 41 weeks of gestation. Methods:
Women were grouped in five stages going from the absence of uterine
activity and cervical changes (Stage 0) to the regular uterine
contractions with cervix dilation >3 cm (Stage 4 or
established labor). Main Outcome Measures: Cervicovaginal cytokine
concentrations between term and preterm labor, cytokine trajectories
throughout spontaneous labor onset and predictive accuracy of IL-6 for
spontaneous labor. Results: Of 144 women with spontaneous labor 96
delivered at term and 48 preterm, both groups displayed similar cytokine
concentrations. We found positive correlations between pro-inflammatory
cytokines and clinical manifestations of labor (study stages) using
individual cytokines and score-based data by principal-component
analysis (IFN-ϒ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) as dependent variables. The risk of
delivery increased as IL-6 concentrations increased (HR 202.09, 95% CI
24.57-1662.49, P<0.001). IL-6 was a significant predictor for
spontaneous labor within 12 days (AUC=0.785, 95% CI 0.693-0.877)
regardless of gestational age. Conclusions: Cervicovaginal cytokines,
particularly IL-6, reflect and predict the intrauterine inflammatory
sequence associated to initial labor progression. This study provides a
new insight into cervicovaginal inflammatory biomarkers usability for
labor diagnosis and birth prediction. Keywords: Labor, cytokines,
preterm birth, IL-6.
Transgenerational effects of chromium stress at phenotypic and molecular level in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Colzi Ilaria , Gonnelli Cristina , Vergata Chiara , Coppi Andrea , Castellani Maria Beatrice , Golia Gabriele , Giovino Antonio , Buti Matteo , Sabato Tommaso , Capuana Maurizio , Aprile Alessio , Bellis Luigi De , Cicatelli Angela , Guarino Francesco , Castiglione Stefano , Fotopoulos Vasileios , Ioannou Andreas , Martinelli Federico
Published: January 2024

In this work, we describe the results obtained in the model plant,
Arabidopsis thaliana, to investigate the transgenerational phenotypic
effects of chromium (Cr) stress. F1 generation from parents grown in
both acute and chronic stress showed significant higher levels of the
maximal effective concentration (EC50) than F1 from unstressed parents.
In addition, both F1 from Cr stressed parents showed higher germination
rate under Cr presence and F1 from parents cultivated under chronic
stress displayed reduction of hydroxide peroxide levels under Cr stress
compared to control. At lower Cr stress level, F1 resulted to promptly
activate more genes involved in Cr stress responses than F0 implying a
memory linked to a transgenerational priming. F1 modulated significantly
less genes than F0 at later stage and at higher Cr levels implying a
memory leading to Cr stress adaptation. Several members of bHlH
transcription factors were induced by Cr stress in F1 and not in F0,
such as bHlH100, ORG2 and ORG3. F1 optimized gene expression towards
pathways linked to iron starvation response. A model of transcriptional
regulation of transgenerational memory to Cr stress was developed and
eventually applied for other heavy metal stresses.
Environmental DNA needs reference data to inform taxonomy-based conservation policy – A case study from Aotearoa / New Zealand
Authors: Czechowski Paul , Lange Michel de , Heldsinger Michael , Rayment Will , Hepburn Chris , Ladds Monique , Knapp Michael
Published: January 2024

Analysis of environmental DNA by metabarcoding may achieve regular
surveillance of multiple species relatively easily. However, eDNA
taxonomic inquiries need suitable reference data, which are often
lacking. We evaluate the impact of this data void by way of example of
fish in remote fiords of New Zealand, comparing eDNA-derived species
identifications against Baited Remote Underwater Video (BRUV) data.
Furthermore, we cross referenced eDNA and BRUV data against species
lists for obtained from literature and the Ocean Biodiversity
Information System (OBIS). From all data sources, we obtained 116
species records (106 ray-finned fishes, 10 cartilaginous fishes; 59 from
literature, 44 from eDNA, 25 from BRUV, 25 from OBIS). Concordance of
taxonomies between the data sources dissolved with lowering taxonomy,
most decisively so for eDNA. BRUV agreed with local biodiversity
information much better and fared better in detecting biodiversity
dissimilarities. Metabarcoding eDNA will remain a powerful but impaired
tool for species-level biodiversity management without locally generated
reference data.
Exploring the link between Capecitabine and Mania in a case of Carcinoma Rectum
Authors: Sutar Roshan , Kaur Gurveen , Das Saikat
Published: January 2024

Underreporting of behavioral adverse effects is well known in patients
undergoing chemotherapy for cancer. The behavioral Adverse Drug
Reactions (ADR) could include delirium, insomnia, mood disturbances, or
syndromal psychiatric diagnosis. Liaison with the psychiatry team is
essential to address the evolution of new-onset behavioral symptoms and
a high degree of sensitivity with good interdisciplinary coordination is
expected during Pharmacovigilance of behavioral ADR. We report the
emergence of Mania on Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin regimen in a case of
carcinoma rectum. The possible role of the kynurenine pathway in the
inflammatory cascade is hypothesized to be implicated in both cancer and
mood disorders that require further research. A low dose of
antipsychotics such as risperidone under supervised follow-up with
psychiatrist is necessary to treat the organic mania. The report also
highlights the importance of pharmacovigilance while reporting
behavioral adverse effects in clinical practice and emphasizes the role
of consultation-liaison psychiatry in the field of oncology.
Drug Release Kinetics Modeling of Biodegradable Polymeric Matrix with Franz Diffusion Cell Systems
Authors: Ciftci Fatih , Duygulu Nilüfer , Yilmazer Yasemin , ÜSTÜNDAĞ Cem
Published: January 2024

In this study, the Franz diffusion kinetic model and Bacitracin’s (BAC)
cumulative release kinetic mathematical model are designed. The Franz
diffusion mathematical release ki- netic model of Zataria Multiflora
(ZM)/BAC nanofiber (NF) structure has been revealed as Zero Order, since
there is no antibacterial protection effect for shelf-life, it has been
analyzed over the Python program and its shelf-life has been determined
as 125 days.
The intracellular distribution of the WHIRLY1 protein and its functions in early barley leaf development
Authors: Karpinska Barbara , Razak Nurhayati , James Euan , Morris Jenny , Verrall Susan , Hedley Pete , Hancock Robert , Foyer Christine
Published: January 2024

The WHIRLY (WHY) DNA/RNA binding proteins fulfil multiple but poorly
characterised functions in leaf development. WHY1 transcript levels were
highest in the bases of 7-day old barley leaves. Immunogold labelling
revealed that the WHY1 protein was more abundant in the nuclei than the
proplastids of the leaf bases. Transcript and metabolite profiling
analysis of barley lines (W1-1 and W1-7) lacking WHY1, which show
delayed greening compared to the wild type. While the transcript profile
of leaf development was largely unchanged in W1-1 and W1-7 leaves, there
were differences in levels of several transcripts encoding transcription
factors associated with chloroplast development. These include a barley
homologue of the Arabidopsis GATA transcription factor that regulates
stomatal development, greening and chloroplast development, NAC1, two
transcripts with similarity to Arabidopsis GLK1 and two transcripts
encoding ARF transcriptions factors with functions in leaf morphogenesis
and development. Chloroplast proteins were less abundant in the W1-1 and
W1-7 leaves than the wildtype. The levels of TCA cycle metabolites and
GABA were significantly lower in WHY1 knockdown leaves than the wild
type. We conclude that WHY1 functions in the nuclei of the cells in the
leaf bases contributes to the regulation of chloroplast development.
A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model of clopidogrel in populations of European and Japanese ancestry: an evaluation of CYP2C19 activity
Authors: Duong Janna , Nand Romina , Patel Aarti , Pasqua Oscar Della , Gross Annette
Published: January 2024

Aims CYP2C19 activity is associated with treatment response to
clopidogrel through the formation of the active H4 metabolite. The aims
of this study were to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic
(PBPK) model of clopidogrel and its metabolites for populations of
European ancestry, to predict pharmacokinetics in the Japanese
population by CYP2C19 phenotype (extensive metaboliser, EM; intermediate
metaboliser, IM; poor metaboliser, PM), and to investigate the effect of
clinical and demographic factors. Methods A PBPK model (Simcyp® v18.2)
was developed and verified (2-fold acceptance criteria) to describe the
two metabolic pathways of clopidogrel (H4 metabolite, acyl glucuronide
metabolite) for a population of European ancestry using plasma data from
four published studies. Subsequently, model predictions in the Japanese
population (2 studies) were evaluated. The effects of CYP2C19 activity,
fluvoxamine coadministration (CYP2C19 inhibitor) and population-specific
factors (age, sex, BMI, body weight, cancer, hepatic and renal
dysfunction) on the pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel and its metabolites
were investigated. Results The predicted/observed ratios for clopidogrel
and metabolite exposure parameters were acceptable. For all CYP2C19
phenotypes, steady-state AUC of the H4 metabolite was
lower for the Japanese (e.g. EM, 7.69 [6.26 – 9.45] ng·h/mL;
geometric mean [95% CI]) than European (EM, 24.8 [20.4 – 30.1]
ng·h/mL, P <0.001) population. CYP2C19 PM phenotype,
fluvoxamine co-administration, hepatic and renal dysfunction reduced H4
metabolite but not acyl glucuronide metabolite concentrations.
Conclusion This is the first PBPK model developed to describe the two
major metabolic pathways of clopidogrel which can be applied to
populations of European and Japanese ancestry by CYP2C19 phenotype.
BREASTFEEDING SELF-EFFICACY IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND FACTORS AFFECTING IT IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A DESCRIPTIVE AND CORRELATIONAL STUDY
Authors: AYGOR Hamide , Gezginç Kazım , Gündoğan Kubra
Published: January 2024

Objective The study has been conducted to identify the factors affecting
the breastfeeding self-efficacy of pregnant women in the COVID-19
pandemic. Design A descriptive and correlational design has been used in
this study. Setting The population of the study comprised all the
pregnant women applying to the obstetrics polyclinic of a university
hospital. Sample The study sample consisted of 320 pregnant women’s.
Methods The data of the study were collected by using an Information
Form and the Prenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. Main Outcome
Measures Breastfeeding self-efficacy. Results The seven variables having
a significant effect on the pregnant women’s Prenatal Breastfeeding
Self-Efficacy Scale scores, in the order of descending importance, have
been determined as follows; being knowledgeable on COVID-19, thinking
breastfeeding to be beneficial for the baby, going to prenatal care
checkups on time, pregnancy duration, educational status , age, and
receiving breastfeeding training in the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion
Although the study findings show similarities to those of the studies
conducted before the pandemic analyzing breastfeeding self-efficacy and
the factors affecting it, it is an important aspect that this study has
been carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is believed to
contribute to the literature and guide interventional studies to be
conducted in the COVİD-19 pandemic by evaluating the breastfeeding
self-efficacy levels of mothers and the factors affecting them.
Eugenol and its liposomal based Nano-Carrier protects against anxiety disorder in mice.
Authors: siyal fahad , memon Zahida , Siddiqui Rehan , batool zehra , rahman aneela atta ur , humayun arsalan
Published: January 2024

Anxiety can also be termed as excessive worry which last for at least
more than six months and patients can have difficulty in controlling
them. Anxiety is having 31% of life time prevalence and sad part is
that the anxiety disorders are not treated and diagnosed well. 3.1%
which is 6.8 Million peoples of America are having anxiety disorders.
The main part of clove oil is eugenol along with caryophyllene. Eugenol
is present at about 70 to 90 percentage and also it contains 15
percentage of total dry weight of bud. METHODOLOGY: Pre-clinical
experimental study was conducted for 10-12 Months. Male BALB/c mice were
purchased from ICCBS. Sample Size was 42 BALB/c mice, divided into 07
groups. Elevated plus maze and open field tests were used to asses
behavioral activities and results was measured as Mean and SD, frequency
and percentages, conclusion: The animal model was developed to assess
whether Eugenol and its liposomal based nano carrier protect anxiety
disorders in mice or vice versa. Therefore with the help of behavioral
studies i.e. open field test and elevated plus maze test, eugenol and
its liposomal based nano particle protect anxiety disorder in the mice
by increasing the entry time and stay of mice in open arms for longer
duration in elevated maze plus test and in open field the anxiety was
reduced after mice spent most of time in the center rather than
periphery.
Dysfunction of the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway contributes to learning and memory impairments induced by neuroinflammation in mice
Authors: Zhang Wen , Ge Mengmeng , Zhang Long-qing , Yuan Xiaoman , Han Siyi , Tian Yuke , Tian Xue-Bi
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Evidence suggests neuroinflammation is the main
mechanism in cognitive dysfunction. The brain-derived neurotrophic
factor (BDNF) is involved in learning and memory via binding to tyrosine
kinase B (TrkB) receptors. Herein, we mainly tested roles of the
BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and its downstream cascades in
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced cognitive dysfunction in mice.
Experimental Approach: Mice were treated with LPS and 7,8-DHF for 7
days, and learning and memory function was evaluated by the novel object
recognition test (NORT). Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA) elucidated roles of the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and
its downstream cascades in LPS mice. Key Results: The NORT showed that
LPS induced learning and memory deficits in mice. LPS increased the
levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the serum of mice. In the
hippocampus and mPFC regions, LPS reduced protein levels of BDNF,
p-TrkB, Bcl-2, p-ERK1/2, p-CaMK2, p-CREB and p-GluR1 and increased the
expression of Bax. In the EC, levels of BDNF, p-TrkB, Bcl-2, p-CaMK2 and
p-CREB proteins were reduced and the protein level of Bax was increased
in LPS mice. 7,8-DHF could alleviate these disorders in LPS mice and
improved their learning and memory function, however, the TrkB
antagonist ANA12 effectively reversed the effects of 7,8-DHF. Conclusion
and Implications: These results revealed that the BDNF-TrkB signaling
pathway and its downstream cascades disorders contributed to
neuroinflammation induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. 7,8-DHF could
become a new therapeutic drug for cognitive dysfunction induced by
BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway disorders in neurodegenerative diseases.
Difference in Coulomb electrostatic energy for localized versus delocalized electrons and electron pairs
Authors: Essén Hanno , Stén Johan
Published: January 2024

The free electron Fermi gas with completely delocalized electrons
represents the simplest model for conduction electrons in a metal. In
more detailed models of solid state physics electrons in the conduction
band are also normally assumed to be delocalized over the entire crystal
(in LCAO orbitals). According to the uncertainty principle
delocalization minimizes the kinetic energy. The Coulomb repulsion
energy on the other hand is clearly smaller for states in which the
electrons localize apart from one-another. As a consequence Wigner
showed that a sufficiently thin electron gas will condense to a crystal
of localized electrons. Here we will show, using a model that gives
exact results, that the Coulomb repulsion energy of localized charge
distributions is lower than that of delocalized distributions. Our new
exact result should lead to better estimates of the effect in real
metals. We point out that localization of electron pairs is
energetically favorable.
LED photobiomodulation therapy associated with heterologous fibrin biopolymer optimizes wound repair in rats
Authors: Silva Naldiana Cerqueira , Alexandria Francisco Eugênio Deusdará de , Assis Livia , Filho Antônio Luiz Martins Maia , Jr. Rui Seabra Ferreira , Barraviera Benedito , Parizotto Nivaldo Antonio , Silva José Figueredo , Tim Carla Roberta
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LED photobiomodulation
therapy associated or not with heterologous fibrin biopolymer to repair
skin wounds in rats. Full-thickness skin wounds were induced on the back
of 84 Wistar rats and they were randomly divided into 4 groups: control
group (CG), LED group (LED), heterologous fibrin biopolymer group (HFB),
and LED + heterologous fibrin biopolymer group (LED + HFB). The animals
were euthanized at 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery. In the macroscopic
findings, it was observed in the control group, mild local inflammation,
evidenced between the 5th and 6th day after the injury, not manifested
in the other groups. The analysis of the wound reduction index shown
that the treated groups presented greater wound reduction in the three
periods evaluated. The results of the degree of inflammation showed that
the LED and LED + HFB groups showed a predominance of chronic
inflammation, while the control group showed a predominance of diffuse
acute inflammation. The quantity of type I collagen it was bigger after
7 days in the LED and LED + HFB groups, and at 14 and 21 days this type
of collagen appears more intensely in the group that used only HFB. The
traction force at 7 days of the experiment, the treated groups showed
better performance, while at 14 and 21 days the group that used only the
biopolymer obtained greater strength in the suture region. Results have
indicated that treatments using HFB and LED, either isolated or
associated, stimulated the wound repair process in rats. HFB promote
collagen maturation.
A novel amplification of JAK2 in a case of relapsed pediatric B-ALL
Authors: Shetty Dhanlaxmi , Talker Elizabeth , Dhamne Chetan , Mohanty Purvi , Thakkar Kruti , Tembhare Prashant , Patkar Nikhil , Subramanian Papagudi , Moulik Nirmalya Roy , Narula Gaurav , Banavali Sripad
Published: January 2024

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a heterogeneous disease
wherein cytogenetics comprises an independent prognostic factor.
Cytogenetic subgroups like B-ALL with t(9;22), MLL rearrangement,
hypodiploidy, and Ph-like ALL are stratified as high-risk and are
treated on the high-risk regimen. However, a subset that does not fall
into a specific cytogenetic risk groups, is classified as cytogenetics
NOS (Not Otherwise Specified) and might receive suboptimal chemotherapy.
Identifying genetic abnormalities that are susceptible to targeted
therapy can help improve outcomes. Therefore, with the intent to report
cytogenetic data potentially useful for targeted therapy, we report a
novel JAK2 amplification in a cytogenetically complex pediatric B-ALL
case with early relapse.
Silent strokes may be involved in neurocognitive impairment in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Silva Bruno , Ribeiro-dos-Santos Ândrea , Oliveira Diana , Cruz Tamara , Carvalho Ana Emília , Lopes Larissa , Rodrigues Alessandro , Junior Fernando Paschoal
Published: January 2024

Neurological complications are frequent occurrences in children and
adolescents with sickle cell disease. We analyzed the risk of stroke and
the prevalence of neuropsychological impairment in 17 patients. There
were no alterations in cerebral hemodynamics for over 70% of the
patients, but most of them showed deficits in cognitive domains. We did
not find a statistically significant correlation between the presence of
neurovascular damage and worse performance on cognitive tests, but a
trend towards a correlation between the Transcranial Doppler ultrasound
results and the indices of Intelligence Quotient (p = 0.069) and
Processing Speed Index (p = 0.082) was found.
Guillian Barre Syndrome- a rare cause of quadriparesis after Bentall Procedure for type A Aortic dissection.
Authors: Thilak Chellasamy Rajeev , Kalyanasundaram Aravind , Munusamy Hemachandran , Ramkumar Sugumaran , Meher Rajesh Kumar
Published: January 2024

Neurologic complications following cardiac surgery are most likely
cerebrovascular accidents due to embolism resulting in hemiparesis or
hemiplegia. Paraplegia following cardiac surgery occurs due to spinal
infarcts or spinal ischemia especially in the setting of aortic
dissections or Thoraco abdominal aortic surgery. Quadriparesis following
cardiac surgery is a rare entity. That too, Guillian-Barre Syndrome
(GBS) as a cause of quadriparesis is very rare. The exact
pathophysiology of GBS is not known. Immune-mediated process has been
postulated to be the cause of GBS. Here we report a 49 year old male who
presented with acute aortic dissection and underwent Bentall procedure
following which he developed quadriparesis, diagnosed to be a case of
GBS and was successfully treated with intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG).
Epitopic mining on Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 as a candidate target for vaccine design: An in-silico analysis
Authors: Mohapatra Subhashree , Kumar Santosh , Kumar Shashank , Singh Atul Kumar , Nayak Bismita
Published: January 2024

The outbreak of novel SARS-CoV-2 virion has wreaked havoc with a high
prevalence of respiratory illness and high transmission due to a vague
understanding of the viral antigenicity augmenting dire challenge to
public health globally. This viral member requisite the expansion of
diagnostic and therapeutic tools to track its transmission and confront
through vaccine development. Therefore, prophylactic strategies are
mandatory. Virulence-related spike proteins can be the desirable
candidate befitting computational design of vaccines targeting
SARS-CoV-2 followed by meteoric development of immune epitopes. This
study aims to characterize Spike protein using the existing knowledge
related to the immunological profile of SARS-CoV-2 to predict
immunogenic epitopes based on antigenicity, allergenicity, toxicity,
immunogenicity, and population coverage. Applying in-silico approaches,
a set of twenty-four B lymphocyte-based epitopes and forty-six T
lymphocyte-based epitopes (MHC-I and MHC-II) were selected. The
predicted epitopes were evaluated for their intrinsic properties.
Physico-chemical characterization of epitopes qualify them for further
in vitro and in vivo analysis pre-requisite vaccine
development. This study presents a set of screened epitopes that binds
to the HLA- specific allelic proteins that can be employed for designing
a multi-epitopic peptide vaccine construct (MEPVC) against SARS-CoV-2
that will confer vaccine-induced protective immunity due to its
structural stability.
Anatomical and Functional Assessment of Upper Airway Performance Using Innovative NasoOroSpirometer and Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Diagnostic Devices in Children with Adenoid Hypertrophy -- Observational Study
Authors: Zomkowska Edyta , Grzybowska-Detka Sylwia , Zakrzewska Magdalena , Romaszko Jerzy , Barański Robert , Zając Andrzej , Zajączkiewicz Hanna , Nitkiewicz Szymon , Kukwa Andrzej
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Adenoid hypertrophy leading to upper airway blockage is
the most common cause of sleep apnoea syndrome in children. Moreover,
the following disturbances can occur: normal speech resonance
impairment, middle ear ventilation difficulties, and the development of
an abnormal oral breathing pattern. Abnormal craniofacial growth and
occlusal abnormalities can be observed as well. Objectives.The aim of
the study was to confirm the relationship between respiratory disorders
with the impaired upper airway patency resulting from reduced
nasopharyngeal space. Moreover, an attempt was made to validate a new
medical device, a NasoOroSpirometer, for diagnosing respiratory
disorders resulting from adenoid hypertrophy. Design and Setting The
NasoOroSpirometer is made up of three anemometric sensors (two nasal and
one additional oral sensor) and is used to measure the airflow through
the upper airways (UA). A measurement of the flow of air simultaneously
through both nasal orifices was carried out in 105 children aged 4-8
years. The values obtained included the number of inhalations per
minute, the inspiratory time and the inhalation volume. Results and
discussion. The study demonstrated that children with adenoid
hypertrophy had a statistically significantly lower number of
inhalations through the nose than children from the control group. The
current results demonstrated no statistically significant difference
between the volume and the number of inhalations in both a combined
analysis and in one analysis conducted separately for each nasal
passage. The demonstrated statistically significant difference is most
probably due to the oral compensation for the inefficient nasal
respiratory pattern. A NasoOroSpirometric examination can be a screening
tool in the assessment of UA patency disorders and an indicator for the
eligibility for instrumental or imaging examinations.
Serotonin toxicity in a CYP2D6 intermediate metabolizer
Authors: Moreau Maxime , Carton Louise , Hennart Benjamin , Lapierre Phillipe , Brunelle Emmanuel , Bordet Regis , Cottencin Olivier
Published: January 2024

We report a case of a patient hospitalized for anorexia nervosa who
developed serotonin toxicity following the introduction of venlafaxine
for obsessive compulsive disorder in our eating disorder department.
A giant coronary aneurysm in the setting of acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Vugt Stijn P.G. van , Tan Erwin , Tan Najibullah Habib
Published: January 2024

Giant coronary aneurysms are a rare finding on coronary angiography.
Given its very low prevalence, little is known about optimal management
of this coronary pathology. In this case report, we describe the
presentation and management of a patient with a giant coronary aneurysm
in the right coronary artery and summarize the current knowledge.
Association between air pollution and the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Chinese children：A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Speng , Fu Qinwei , Jin Xin , Tan Junwen , Zhang Qinxiu , Li Xinrong
Published: January 2024

Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic
inflammatory disease with annoying symptoms. It has serious impacts on
quality of lives, and affects economic growth indirectly. Children are
more susceptible to allergic rhinitis, and the prevalence of it in
children is 25% worldwide. However, effect of air pollution on the
incidence of allergic rhinitis in children controversial. We aim to
investigate the association between air pollution and the prevalence of
allergic rhinitis in Chinese children. Methods We studied
160356 students aged 0-18 years old, in China, who completed a
questionnaire about the accuracy of the International Study of Asthma
and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), and who reported the average
concentrations of air pollutants. The primary outcome was the prevalence
of allergic rhinitis. We investigated the association between the air
pollution and the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Chinese children.
We further examined this association, combing ISAAC data with data for
concentrations of various air pollutants reported from 11 multinational
prospective studies in a meta-analysis. Finally, we evaluated whether
the different air pollutants affected morbidity rate. Results A
total of 11 articles including 160356 Chinese children were included in
this review. The difference in the effect of SO
exposure on the risk of childhood allergic rhinitis was found to be
statistically significant (OR = 1.03, 95% CI
[1.01, 1.05], P = 0.010), and the effect of NO
exposure on the risk of childhood allergic rhinitis was statistically
significant (OR = 1.11, 95% CI [1.05,
1.18], P = 0.0006). The effect of PM exposure on
the risk of childhood allergic rhinitis was statistically significant
(OR = 1.02, 95% CI [1.01, 1.03], P
< 0.001), the effect of PM exposure on the
risk of childhood allergic rhinitis was statistically significant (OR
= 1.15, 95% CI [1.03, 1.29], P = 0.02),
and the effect of O exposure on the risk of childhood
allergic rhinitis was not statistically significant (OR
= 0.98, 95% CI [0.67, 1.41], P = 0.13).
Conclusions Among the air pollutants, NO , SO
, PM and PM are
associated with the incidence of allergic rhinitis in Chinese children,
and PM has the highest correlation with the
incidence of it. Some research reports found PM
could induce oxidative stress and inflammatory response in human nasal
epithelial cells, which could lead to rhinitis inflammatory diseases.
The sealing effect of the magnetic-sealing uterine manipulator in patients with early-stage cervical cancer
Authors: Zhou Xue , Liang Dongxin , Li Qing , Zhao Lanbo , Bin Yadi , Han Lu , Wang Lei , Ma Feng , Wu Rongqian , Lv Yi , Li Qiling
Published: January 2024

Objective: To assess the sealing effect of a Magnetic-Sealing Uterine
Manipulator (MUM) in isolated uterus. Design: Non - intervention study.
Setting: This study was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of
Xi’an Jiaotong University from November 2019 to April 2021. Population:
Patients with early-stage cervical cancer who underwent radical
laparotomy hysterectomy. Methods: The MUM closure test (group 2) and the
control test (right-angle forceps closure tests, group 1 and 3) were
carried out in an isolated uterus. Main outcome measure: DNA ploidy
analysis system was used to analyze the exfoliated cells. Statistical
analysis was performed using Wilcoxon signed rank test to assess the
sealing effect of MUM. Results: We identified 36 patients. None regional
node metastasis was found in all cases and only one of their tumors was
larger than 4.0 cm. The mean numbers of exfoliated tumor cells in groups
1, 2, and 3 were 1, 1, and 2, respectively. There was no significant
difference in the number of exfoliated cells between group 1 and group 3
(p=0.476). We merged the results of group 1 and 3. Furthermore, there
was signiﬁcant difference between right-angle forceps closure tests and
MUM closure test (p=0.022). Conclusion: The sealing effect for MUM was
better than the right-angle forceps. The MUM can effectively seal the
cervical cancer cells in the cup cover and avoid the dissemination of
tumor cells.
Quantitative Study on the Aggregated Distribution State and Emulsification Driving Force of NADES-based Microemulsion
Authors: Fan Taotao , Chen Li , Wu Yuehang , Liu Feng , Yin Kangling , Li Shuai , Zhang Jianwei , Gao Jing , Yan ZongCheng
Published: January 2024

The dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method is used to explore the
aggregated distribution state and the interaction energy of Natural Deep
Eutectic Solvent (NADES) (lactic acid/glucose/H2O)/Tween-20/methanol/
cyclohexane microemulsion system. The phase transformation point of the
system is determined by combining the change of IFT value and aggregated
distribution state, which is used to draw the simulated phase diagram of
the microemulsion system. The results show as follows: Surfactants have
a restrictive effect on the distribution of microemulsion components,
and the increase in the proportion of surfactants gradually restricts
the molecular movement of cyclohexane. When the surfactant mass fraction
reaches the threshold of 56.25%, the properties of the system change
qualitatively, and the cyclohexane/NADES microemulsion is formed. The
interaction energy of methanol-Head group and cyclohexane-Tail group is
the main driving force for the formation of the microemulsion system.
A Randomized, Open, Crossover bioequivalence study and Food Effect Assessment of Two fixed-dose combination of Lisinopril / Amlodipinebesylatein Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Li Ting , Liu Yanping , Liu Shu-qin , Shi Ping , Jiang Xin , Tao Ye , Gao Xiao-meng , Ma Ya-ping , Cao Yu
Published: January 2024

Background:This study was conducted to compare the PK characteristics,
food effect and evaluate the bioequivalence between two fixed-dose
combinations of lisinopril /amlodipine besylate in healthy Chinese
subjects. Methods: A single center, randomized, open-label, single-dose,
crossover bioequivalence study was designed in healthy Chinese subjects
under both fasting and fed conditions. Cmax and AUC were used to
evaluate bioequivalence. Adverse events were recorded. Results: 75
healthy subjects completed the study. The 90% confidence intervals of
the ratio of geometric means of Cmax and AUC0-∞ of lisinopril and
amlodipine fell within 0.80-1.25. A fat-high breakfast produced
significant alteration in the Cmax and AUC of lisinopril after a dose of
either reference or test drug. No severe adverse events were observed.
Conclusion: The trial demonstrated that the test and the reference drug
of fixed-dose combinations of lisinopril /amlodipine besylate were
bioequivalent and well tolerated under fasting and fed condition