bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of CO2 Welding 409 Stainless Steel Multi-Crossed Parts
Authors: Shuai Ge Wang , Li You , Fang Ping
Published: September 2013

A dynamic 3D thermal and mechanical Simulation of CO2 welding 409 stainless steel multi-Crossed parts was carried out by using the software SYSWELD. A double ellipsoid heat source model of CO2 arc welding was explored and fitted with the Heat Source Fitting tool. The transient stress and strain fields of 409 stainless steel multi-crossed weld joint under two kind of welding sequences were obtained by loading the simulated temperature field, which helps to decrease the residual stress and deformation of 409 stainless steel multi-Crossed parts welding.
Wireless Sensor Network Platform Based on STM32
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Tian Xu , Du Gai Hong , Zhang Wen Kai , Tian Yang Men , Rong Qimu Su , Wang Xiao Ni
Published: September 2013

This paper, based on STM32 and nRF905 wireless module, introduces a wireless temperature gathering and transmitting system. From RF modules and master control module, the hardware platform has been designed, beyond that, the paper introduces the temperature sensor network software design. The test show that the system is stable, and datas are reliable.
How to Identify the Real Requirement of Consumers
Authors: Ma Qing Guo , Huang Yu Jing , Tang Bing Yong , Li Yan Bao
Published: September 2013

Up to now the methods to investigate the consumers satisfaction with a product have been the subjective self-report method based on various questionnaires no matter in the field of value engineering, industrial design, consumer analysis or other related fields. This study provides a new method, a neuroscientific approach, to find the consumers real requirement for a new product. Based on the analysis of data of neural activities when consumers face a new designed product, we can explore the real attitude towards the new product. Then we can make a decision whether put the designed product to market or improve the design of the product or give up the design of the product. This approach is referred to as NeuroDesign, or NeuroID (Neural Industrial Design), or NeuroVE (Neural Value Engineering). This study presents a case to explore the consumers real attitude towards a kind of jewelries (pendant) adopting the Event Related Potential technique (one of the methods of Cognitive Neuroscience). During the experiment participants were presented with different pendant pictures, and were asked to judge whether the designed pendants in stimuli were beautiful or not.
Single Machine Scheduling with Discretely Compressible Processing Times
Authors: Zhang Shu Xia , Zhang Yu Zhong
Published: September 2013

In this paper, we address the single machine scheduling problem with discretely compressible processing times, where processing any job with a compressed processing time incurs a corresponding compression cost. We consider the following problem: scheduling with discretely compressible processing times to minimize makespan with the constraint of total compression cost. Jobs may have different release times. We design a pseudo-polynomial time algorithm by approach of dynamic programming and an FPTAS.
Research on Passenger Information System Based on Train Security Detection Sensor Network
Authors: Yao Xiao Yang , He De Qiang , Tang Hong , Ren Chong Hui
Published: September 2013

The existing train communication network transmission rate is low, large capacity Passenger Information System cannot be efficient and timely processing and transmission. As train security detection sensor network based on Ethernet which has high real-time, bandwidth and interoperability, good maintainability and expansibility, all information transmission and content updates in the PIS system will be centralized and distributed via train level security detection sensor network to all other cars using IP protocol, it will simple overall architecture, improve reliability, guarantee safety and reduce maintenance cost. This paper will mainly construct the PIS system architecture based on train security detection sensor network and simulate its network performance.
Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol on Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Lin Zhi Gui , Zhang Hui Qi , Wang Xu Yang , Yao Fang Qin , Chen Zhen Xing
Published: September 2013

To the disadvantages, such as high energy consumption and the energy consumption imbalance, we proposed an energy-efficient routing protocol on mobile sink (MSEERP) in this paper. In the MSEERP, the network is divided into several square virtual grids based on GAF, each grid is called a cluster, and the cluster head election method of GAF is improved. In addition, the MSEERP introduces a mobile sink in the network, the sink radios in limited number of hops and uses control moving strategy, namely the sink does not collect the information until it moves to a cluster with highest residual energy. We applied NS2 to evaluate its performance and analyze the simulation results by the energy model. Simulation results show that the MSEERP balances the energy consumption of the network, saves nodes energy and extends the network lifetime.
Wood-Based Panels’ Properties when Subject to Temperature and Humidity Variation
Authors: Yu Hai Xia , Xu Man Ping , Fang Chong Rong , Guo Fei Yan
Published: September 2013

In order to reveal impact of environment humidity and temperature on properties of indoor decorated materials, the paper tested physical and mechanical prosperities of 5 kinds of wood-based panels according to European standards after equilibrium treatments in 3 types of atmosphere. The results showed that the tested materials were very hydrophilic and their strength were closely related to moisture content. Internal bond, modulus of rupture, 24h-thickness swelling and surface soundness of wood-based panels decreased at high temperature and high humidity atmosphere and increased in low temperature and low humidity surroundings, and the decrement are greater than the increment. In contrast, density almost kept the same value during these treatments.
Extended Mapping Approach and Exact Solutions for a (1+1)-Dimensional Benjamin-Boma-Mahony Equation
Authors: Mei Chun Liang
Published: September 2013

With the help of the symbolic computation system Maple and the extended mapping approach and a linear variable separation approach, a new family of exact solutions (including the solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions and rational function solutions) of the (1+1)-dimensional Benjamin-Boma-Mahony (BBM) equation is derived.
A Numerical Framework for Free Surface Flow and Wettability Based on Arbitrary Lagrange-Eulerian Method
Authors: Lei Zuo Sheng , Jin Xiao Xing , Chen Chao Yue , Zhong Yun Bo , Ren Zhong Ming
Published: September 2013

A mathematic model based on moving mesh Arbitrary Lagrange-Eulerian (ALE) is developed to solve incompressible fluid flow concerned with the free surface and wettability. A mercury sessile drop with different wetting angles is chosen to validate this method. Besides, two more extensive applications called electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) and transferred drop are numerically simulated and compared with previous researchers work in order to demonstrate its efficiency.
Adsorption of Organic Substances on Modified Montmorillonite, Cloisite 10A, 15A, 20A, 25A, and 30B
Authors: Nampitch Tarinee
Published: September 2013

Clay modified with organic surfactant, Cloisite 10A, 15A, 20A, 25A, and 30B act as effective adsorbent in organic wastewater applications. The experiment was tested using wastewaters from removal of skim NR from concentrated NR industry. The ability to remove organic contaminants from aqueous solution, based on different molecular structures of organically modified clays, was evaluated using UV/VIS spectroscopy, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solid (SS), total dissolved solid (TDS), total solid (TS) and total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN). In addition the mechanical properties of nanocomposites product obtained from coagulating method were determined by tensile testing. It reveals that mechanical properties of nanocomposites were improved when compared to the original skim rubber. The thermal stability and the composition of the coagulated skim rubber-organoclay nanocomposites were determined by thermogravimetric analysis.
Investigation of Ultrasonic Effects in Cotton Dyeing Processing
Authors: Sun De Shuai , Fang Long , Liu Tao
Published: September 2013

Ultrasound can promote the dye-uptake in the dyeing process. The effects of ultrasound on the fiber, dye and dyeing system were investigated by dyeing cotton fabrics with a direct dye. The dye exhaustion exceeded 80% in 30 minutes with the assistant of ultrasound. Langmuir adsorption model could descript the ultrasound dyeing process of direct dye. The area of fiber accessibility of cotton fiber increased 1.68 times under the action of ultrasound. The absorbance of direct dye solution increased remarkably in the first 10 minutes of ultrasound irradiation. Ultrasound accelerated the diffusion of dye on cotton fiber, and then the diffusion coefficient increased 46 times
Structure of Ni80Fe20 Films Deposited on SiO2/Si(100) by Direct Current Magnetron Sputtering System with the Oblique Target
Authors: Chen Xiao Bai , Qiu Hong
Published: September 2013

About 300nm-thick Ni80Fe20 films were deposited on SiO2/Si (100) substrates at 300 K and 673 K in 1.2 Pa and 0.8 Pa Ar gas by a direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering system with the oblique target. The films grown at 300 K have a predominate [11 crystal orientation in the growth direction whereas those deposited at 673 K grow mainly with a [11 crystalline orientation in the growth direction. All the films have a columnar structure. The grain size increases with increasing deposition temperature. The films grown at 673 K are dense compared with those grown at 300 K. The film deposited at 673 K in 0.8 Pa Ar has the lowest resistivity.
Investigation of the Inhibitive Effect of Hexatriethanolamine Derivatives on Corrosion of Carbon Steel Pipelines in 1M HCI
Authors: El-Shamy Omnia A.A. , Al-Ayed Abdullah S.
Published: September 2013

The corrosion inhibition efficiency of carbon steel pipelines in 1M HCl by the synthesized hexatriethyleneamine derivatives potensiodynamic polarization 30 oC. The results showed that all synthesized inhibitors were good inhibitors and their inhibition efficiencies were significantly increased with increasing concentration. The surface activity were calculated from its surface tension measurements including the critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness of surfactant (π), maximum surface excess (Γmax) and the minimum surface area (Amin).
Synthesis and Characterization of well Defined Polychloroprene by RAFT Polymerization
Authors: Hui Jia , Shi Yan , Fu Zhi Feng
Published: September 2013

Well defined polychloroprene has been synthesized by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization with 2-(ethoxycarbonyl) prop-2-yl dithiobenzoate (EPDTB) as RAFT agent, AIBN as initiator, Chloroprene as monomer. Polymerization with two different feed ratios of monomer to RAFT agent were carried out. The sampling products at different reaction times were characterized using GPC and 1H-NMR. The GPC results demonstrated the molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn) were narrow, and the number average molecular weight (Mn) was developed linearly with monomer conversion. All the characteristic signals of polychloroprene with the EPDTB as terminal groups were clearly observed in the 1H-NMR spectrum. In addition, the chain-extended polymers were also obtained successfully using the macro-RAFT agent, which indicated the active nature of the chain end.
Electrochemical Investigation of the Adsorption Behaviour of Guanine on Copper in Acid Medium
Authors: Tao Zhi Hua , Wang Shou Xu , Ji Lin Xian , Zheng Li , He Wei
Published: September 2013

The guanine as a corrosion inhibitor for copper in 0.5 mol/L sulfuric acid solution was investigated using weight loss experiment, polarization curves, AC impedance. The results showed that the inhibition performance of the guanine depended on the concentration of the inhibitor and the highest inhibition efficiency of the guanine reached 92.2% at 1×10-3mol/L in 0.5 mol/L sulfuric acid solution. The potentiodynamic polarization measurements showed that both cathodic and anodic processes of copper corrosion were suppressed and the guanine acts essentially as a mixed-type inhibitor. The results obtained from EIS measurements are in good agreement with that obtained from potentiodynamic polarization. The adsorption of the guanine is found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm and belong to physisorption.
Characterization of Kevlar Fiber-Reinforced Absorbing Composites
Authors: Miao Xi Geng , Zhao Zhi Ya , Yang Xue Long , Liu Lie , Liu Ruo Peng
Published: September 2013

In this paper, addition of Fe-Ni, MnZn-ferrite, and CNF (carbon nanofiber) absorbers in the Kevlar fiber fabric-reinforced epoxy resin composites resulted in excellent absorbing properties as well as other required properties such as light-weight (as low as 2.2 g/cm3), small thickness (~2 mm), high mechanical strength (up to 380 MPa) and thermal stability (up to 120 °C). Reflection loss testing of the laminates FM-3 showed that the peak reflection loss was-45 dB at the frequency of 10.4 GHz, and the absorbing waveband at-10dB was 12 GHz (from 6 to 18GHz). The study also indicated that the content of the added absorbers was limited by the viscosity (or flowability) of the resin-absorber mixed suspensions.
Mathematical Model of Agar Gels Rheological Behaviour in Transient/Steady State
Authors: Fatiha Boudjema , Mourad Lounis , Naïma Bessai , Benyoucef Khelidj , Stephane Nicolle , Karim Bekkour
Published: September 2013

The creep behaviour of 2% agar gels has been studied under static and dynamic conditions. This biopolymer finds numerous applications depending on their elasticity. In this why, we are interested to determine the viscoelastic behavior of this hydrocolloid in differences phases and we studied the evolution of its strain creep behavior in transient as in steady state. As a result of these actions, the modified Burgers model has been finally developed for the studied agar gels with variables dependent on the shear stress and the parameter values for its creeping part (describing non-linearly viscoelastic properties of this biopolymer). To confirm the mechanical property of the gel, we measured its dynamic modulus. The elastic character is predominant (G' G").
Hot Carrier Energy and Energy Relaxation Length in a-Se Photoconductive Target
Authors: Park Wug Dong , Tanioka Kenkichi
Published: September 2013

The a-Se HARP (High-gain Avalanche Rushing amorphous Photoconductor) target was prepared, and the avalanche characteristics were investigated. In this paper, to study avalanche multiplication at a high electric field, the lucky-drift model was used. In addition, the energy-and field-dependent energy relaxation length was considered. The avalanche multiplication factor was obtained from the current-voltage characteristic of the a-Se HARP target. The threshold field of the 0.4-μm-thick a-Se HARP target was 0.88×108V/m. The hot carrier energy at the threshold field for the avalanche multiplication in the 0.4-μm-thick a-Se HARP target was 0.21 eV. The hot carrier energy in the a-Se layer increases linearly as the electric field increases. The hot carrier energy also saturates as the avalanche multiplication factor increases. In addition, the energy relaxation length between the inelastic scattering events in the a-Se layer saturates as the hot carrier energy and the avalanche multiplication factor increase.
Drift Velocity of Hot Carriers in a-Se Photoconductive Target
Authors: Park Wug Dong , Tanioka Kenkichi
Published: September 2013

Avalanche multiplication of the 0.4-μm-thick a-Se HARP (High-gain Avalanche Rushing amorphous Photoconductor) target was obtained at a high electric field. To study the drift velocity of hot carriers in the a-Se layer, the energy-and field-dependent energy relaxation length was considered in the lucky-drift model. The impact ionization energyEIof 2.0 eV and the optical phonon energyћωof 31 meV for a-Se were used to obtain the impact ionization parameters in the a-Se layer. The drift velocity of hot carriers at 1×108V/m in the 0.4-μm-thick a-Se HARP target was obtained as 1.87×106cm/s. The drift velocity of hot carriers saturates as the electric field and the avalanche multiplication factor increase. In the 0.4-μm-thick a-Se HARP target, the relaxation length ratioλE/λand the relaxation time ratioτE/τsaturate as the avalanche multiplication factor increases. In addition, the relaxation length ratioλE/λand the relaxation time ratioτE/τat 1×108V/m were 2.75 and 14.66, respectively.
Interface Layers of Ag-Al Fusing Metals by Casting Processes
Authors: Wongpreedee Kageeporn , Ruethaitananon Panphot , Isariyamateekun Tawinun
Published: September 2013

The materials of fusing metals commercially used in the jewelry niche marketing is seen as precious metals. An innovation of fusing metals searched for new materials to differentiate from the markets for mass production. In this research, it studied the bonding processes of silver and aluminium metals by casting processes for mass productions. The studies had been varied parameters on the types of aluminium and process temperature controls. This research had used two types of aluminium which were pure aluminium 99.99% and aluminum 5083 alloys bonding with pure silver 99.99%. The temperatures had been specified for two factors including casting temperature at X1, X2 and flasking temperature at Y1, Y2. From the results, it was found that the casting temperature at 730°C and the flasking temperature at 230 °C of pure silver-aluminum 5083 alloys bonding had the thinnest average thickness of interface at 427.29 μm. The microstructure of pure silver-aluminum 5083 alloy bonding was revealed eutectic-like structures at the interfaces. The EDS analysis showed the results of compounds at interface layers of Ag sides giving Ag2Al intermetallics on pure silver-aluminum 5083 alloy bonding unlike pure silver-pure aluminium bonding giving Ag3Al intermetallics.
Structure and Magnetic Properties of the Co-Ni Alloy Nanowires Prepared by AC Electrodeposition
Authors: Wen X. , Zhang Y. , Zhang X.X. , Yue G.H. , Peng D.L.
Published: September 2013

Ordered Co-Ni nanowires have been fabricated by alternating current (AC) electrodeposition method using anodic porous alumina as a template. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test results reveal that the samples are polycrystalline with uniform diameters around 50 nm and lengths up to several micrometers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indicate the crystalline structure change from fcc to hcp as the Co composition increasing. Magnetic measurements show that the nanowires have high magnetic anisotropy with their easy axis parallel to the nanowire arrays. The coercivity (Hc) and squareness (Mr/Ms) are found to increase with the increase of ferromagnetic Co component.
Catalytic Reaction-Nanogold Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Method for the Determination of Trace Tellurium
Authors: Zeng Qing , Liang Ai Hui , Yin Wen Qing , Jiang Zhi Liang
Published: September 2013

In 6 mol/L HCl medium, TeO42-is reduced by NaH2PO2to Te that catalyze NaH2PO2reducing HAuCl4to form gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which exhibited a strong resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 370 nm. With the TeO42-concentration increased, the catalytic reaction enhanced and formed more AuNPs that resulting in the RRS peak increased. Under the chosen conditions, the RRS intensity at 370 nm enhanced linearly with the concentration of TeO42-in the range of 12.5-287.5 nmol/L. This RRS method was sensitivity, selectivity, and simplicity.
Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Spectral Determination of Se Using NaH2PO2 as Reducer
Authors: Li Yuan , Liang Ai Hui , Yin Wen Qing , Jiang Zhi Liang
Published: September 2013

In the HCl medium of 0.90 mol/L, Se (IV) was reduced by NaH2PO2and generated selenium nanoparticles, and there is a resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 588 nm. Under the selected conditions, with the increased of Se (IV) concentration, generated selenium nanoparticles increased, the resonance Rayleigh scattering peak intensity (ΔI588nm) at 588 nm was increased, and the ΔI588nmhad good linear relationship to Se (IV) concentration in the range of 0.1-1.5 mg/L, with a linear regression equation of ΔI588nm= 489.9C+ 9.0, the detection limit of 12.0 μg/L.
Effect of Silver Coating on Barium Titanium Oxide Nanoparticle Toxicity
Authors: Obregon Isidro D. , Betts-Obregon Brandi S. , Yust Brian , Pedraza Francisco , Ortiz Alexandra , Sardar Dhiraj , Tsin Andrew T.
Published: September 2013

Nanoparticles are presently being studied for optical and biomedical applications such as medical imaging and drug delivery. Nanoparticles impact the cellular environment due to many variables such as size, shape, and composition. How these factors affect cell viability is not fully understood. The purpose of this study is to test the toxicity effects of silver coating (Ag@) Barium Titanium Oxide (BaTiO3) nanoparticles on Rhesus Monkey Retinal Endothelial cells (RhRECs) in culture. The addition of silver to the nanoparticles increases their nonlinear optical properties significantly, making the Ag@BaTiO3nanoparticles good candidates for nonlinear microscopy contrast agents. We hypothesize that by silver coating nanoparticles, there will be an increase in cell viability at higher concentrations when compared to non-silver coated nanoparticles. RhRECs were treated with BaTiO3and Ag@BaTiO3at concentrations of 0, 1.0, 10.0, and 100μg/ml for 24 hours at 370C + 5%CO2. After 24 hour incubation with respective nanoparticles, cell viability was determined using the trypan blue dye-exclusion method. Treatment with 0, 1.0 and 10.0μg/ml of Ag@BaTiO3had minimal effect on cell viability, with 90% viable cells remaining at the end of the 24 hours treatment period. However, cells treated with 100μg/ml of Ag@BaTiO3resulted in a decrease to 51% viable cells. Comparatively, cells treated with 0, 1.0 and 10μg/ml of BaTiO3had no significant effect on cell viability (90% viable cells after treatment) while the 100μg/ml treatment resulted in a decrease to 29% viable cells. These results show that silver coating of BaTiO3nanoparticles has a protective effect on cellular toxicity at high concentrations.
Study on the Composites Epoxy Resin/Nano-TiO2/Polyester
Authors: Ai Jiao Yan , Chen Quan , Wang Xiao Bo
Published: September 2013

Two kinds of polyester bis (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) butanediolatepolyester (BDPET) and bis (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) diethylene glycol (DGPET) were synthesized through melting transesterification reaction.Then the epoxy resins were modified with BDPET or DGPET,and nanoTiO2. The composites were characterized by DSC and SEM. The experimental results showed that the polyester can act as an effective toughening modifier for the epoxy resin. The mechanical properties of the composites were greatly improved and reached to the maxium at 4wt.%PET. The PET/EP system modified by adding suitable amount of nanoTiO2have better performance.The glass transition temperature (Tg) of PET/EP and nanoTiO2/PET/EP system improved about 20°Cand 27.8°C,respectively.
Review of Mechanical Properties and Durability of Concrete Containing Nano-Particles
Authors: Gao Ji Xiang , Zhang Peng , Dai Xiao Bing
Published: September 2013

As a kind of high performance concrete material in the construction of structure engineering, the concrete containing nanoparticles has been paid more and more attention to and used in the field of high and long span buildings because of good mechanical performance and durability performance. In order to in-depth understand the characteristic of the concrete containing nanoparticles and promote the application of the concrete containing nanoparticles in practical engineering, a series of research works on the mechanical properties and durability of the concrete containing nanoparticles were summarized based on the current study results. Furthermore, the research trend of the concrete containing nanoparticles was presented.
Electrochemical Synthesis of CdS on Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Paste Electrode
Authors: Mahmoud El Rouby , Aliyev Akif Shikhan
Published: September 2013

CdS has been synthesized electrochemically on multi walled carbon nanotubes paste electrode (MWCNPE) from aqueous solutions consists of Cd2+and S2O32-at40°C, using potentiostatic technique.Cyclic voltammetric response of thiosulfateand Cd2+individually and together has been investigated. The optimum conditions of CdS electrodeposition were determined. Interesting data were obtained and discussed in this work. The mechanism of CdS electrodeposition was suggested. Moreover, the electrodeposited CdS is of n-type semiconductor. Ithas been investigated by the Mott-Schotky test, and also the concentrations of donors (ND) were determined.
Numerical Research on Mooring System of Wave Measuring Buoy
Authors: Fan Xiu Tao , Shao Meng , Sun Jin Wei , Zheng Shan Shan , Qi Yong
Published: September 2013

The static characteristic of a horizontal composite mooring system for wave measuring buoy is studied using 3D potential theory and catenary theory. The 3D hydrodynamic model is built for surface pontoon and wave measuring buoy to calculate the mean steady drift forces and response amplitude operators. Combined with extreme environmental conditions and catenary theory, static analysis of the mooring system is done, obtaining the results of line tension, catenary shape and safety factor etc. The research results show that the horizontal composite mooring system meets the design requirements and it is proven to be an effective mooring method for the sea area with large current velocity.
Improvement of Detection Method and Power Supply Device of Vehicle Detector
Authors: Lim Sung Han , Yang Jeong Mo , Ryu Seung Ki
Published: September 2013

Automatic Vehicle Classification (AVC) detector, among traffic data collection devices, is very useful but operation failure or damage is often occurred due to unstable power supply, weather changes and poor road pavement condition, causing deteriorated data quality. In case of AVC detector currently used for detecting the vehicle type, 2 or more detectors are installed at the sections with similar traffic pattern, causing unnecessary cost. This study thus is intended to identify the problems with existing vehicle detector so as to develop the improved detector as well as evaluate the performance. This study is intended to identify the problems with existing vehicle detector and develop and evaluate the improved detector. The failure with AVC detector was mostly attributable to unstable power supply and environmental change and complex sensor and controller results in the high cost. Thus, to stabilize the power supply and reduce the failure by environmental change, improvement of the control part and enclosure was made and the cost was reduced by simplifying the sensor and control system and as a result of test, data accuracy, power stability and cost reduction could be achieve, proving high potential applicability to the site in the future.
Small Module Design of Ball Mill Main Drive Gear with Φ2.4×10m
Authors: Xu Jin , Wang Chun Xia
Published: September 2013

In order to improve grinding efficiency and achieve low-power operation, this paper presents the design of main drive gear. Under the premise of ensuring the gear strength, using a large teeth and a small modulus extend the life of the big gear, reduce costs to the optimal economic benefit. Gear layouts with optimization method and the design of the drive part meet the requirements of energy saving, high efficiency, low noise, safety and reliability, with certain application values.
An Experimental Study on the Correlation between Spray Dispersion Area and Tip Penetration Using an Edge Detection Technique of Images Captured from Highly Pressurized Cr-Di Fuel Injection
Authors: Lee Choong Hoon
Published: September 2013

A correlation between the spray tip penetration and dispersion area was investigated. Images of diesel fuel sprays from high-pressure common rail injectorwere analyzed using an edge-detecting technique. Diesel fuel sprays were injected into a pressurized spray chamber. The gas density in the spray chamber was 17.97kg/m3, which is representative of the density in a typical diesel engine when the fuel injection process starts. Consecutive images of the diesel spray were captured with a high-speed digital camera. The spray tip penetration and dispersion area according to the time when the fuel injectionprocess starts was determined. The spray dispersion area increased linearlywith the time after the fuel injection process starts.The slope of the linear correlation line between the spray dispersion area and time after start of fuel injection was steeper when the fuel injection pressure was higher. There was little effect on the slope of the linear correlation line with a change of the duration of the fuel injection time. Also, the spray dispersion area increased parabollically with the spraytip penetration.
Study on Molding Processing Method of New Type Shotcrete Machine Helical Blade
Authors: Zhou Zhe Bo , Zhang Tong Jie , Chen Liang , Yin Chao , Xu Jian
Published: September 2013

Based on the analyses and researches of the structure characteristics of new type shotcrete machine and the processing methods of helical blade, the calculation of the spiral blade is obtained; the blanking and tension-forming processing method of a helical blade is concluded; the processing difficulties and the matters that need attention when machined are analyzed; the assembly welding measures of the single helical blade and the aging treatments and corrections of deformation are given, which will all effectively guarantee uniform mixing and quantitative delivery function requirements.
Hertzian Contact Analysis of Ceramic/Metal Functionally Graded Coating
Authors: Dong Xiao Hui , Zhang Hong Wei , Wang Lei
Published: September 2013

A finite element model with functionally graded materials is established. Furthermore, the distributions of the maximum contact stresses on monolithic substrates under Hertz contact conditions have been analyzed. The effect of the coating thickness is obtained by single-layer coating systems. With increasing the coating thickness, the distribution of maximum radial stress is moved from the coating surface to coating/substrate interface. Meanwhile, the depth of maximum shear stress is moved away from the interface. The location of the maximum shear stress within the multilayer coating systems is not changed. The deformation of the model is more serious with the increase of the applied load.The results can provide some insights regarding the design of the graded coatings in the engineering application.
Operating Analysis and Data Mining System for Power Grid Dispatching
Authors: Liu Dun Nan , Jiang Xin Fan , Zhang Si Yuan
Published: September 2013

The dispatching center of power-grid companies is also the data center of the power grid where gathers great amount of operating information. The valuable information contained in these data means a lot for power grid operating management, but at present there is no special method for the management of operating data resource. This paper introduces the operating analysis and data mining system for power grid dispatching. The technique of data warehousing online analytical processing has been used to manage and analysis the great capacity of data. This analysis system is based on the real-time data of the power grid, to dig out the potential rule of the power grid operating. This system also provides a research platform for the dispatchers, help to improve the JIT (Just in Time) management of power system.
Research on Sedimentary Microfacies of Sandstone Group I in Putaohua Oil Reservoir of Gu83 Block in Gulong Oilfield
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Cheng Zhi , Li Hui , Liu Xiao Jing , Li Yu Cong
Published: September 2013

The oil and gas reserves of Gu83 block in Gulong oilfield is very abundant, but the development is very difficult because the sand bodies are thin, scattered and lack of horizontal continuity. Guided by the theory of sequence stratigraphy and reservoir sedimentology, using drilling core, logging and seismic data, the researcher found that the interest area belongs to delta front subfacies deposition, which can be mainly classified by four miscrofacies types including underwater distributary channel, mouth, sheet sand and bay between distributary. The plane distribution of sedimentary microfacies are mainly controlled by the west and north provenance, the two source collected in the middle east of the work area.
Application of Hartmann Acoustic Generator in Source of Underwater Pyrotechnic Combustion
Authors: Li Jie , Guan Hua , Song Dong Ming , Wang Qi , Du Jun , Qi Jia Yang
Published: September 2013

In order to investigate acoustic radiation characteristics of underwater pyrotechnic combustion, Hartmann acoustic generator was applied and its main structural parameters effecting acoustic radiation characteristics were studied by using underwater acoustic measurement system. Experimental studies have shown that, when Hartmann acoustic generator was applied, the sound pressure level of underwater pyrotechnic combustion increased significantly because of the strengthening of turbulence degree. The distance between the nozzle and the resonant cavity is an important factor of affecting acoustic radiation characteristics of Hartmann acoustic generator. When the resonant cavity was placed in the unstable pressure area, it could stimulate strong sound waves. On account of the resistance of the water, the combustion products speed of reaching resonant cavity drooped and the collision strength between the feedback combustion products and the newly generated products reduced. So when the distance was larger, the SPL(sound pressure level) was smaller. The SPL of underwater pyrotechnic combustion increased and the acoustic frequency moved to the low frequency with the depth of resonant cavity increased, which is consistent with the acoustic characteristics of Hartmann acoustic generator applied in air.
A Kind of Convenient Method for Testing Strength of Combined Tubing String
Authors: Liu Gui Zhou , Zhao Yi Feng , Xin Wen Wen , Nie Shang Zhen , Huang Man Liang , Chen Jin Suo , Zhang Biao , Yuan Zhao Yong
Published: September 2013

Constantly use combined tubing string to meet the strengths requirement during oil production and worover job. The maximum setting depth of combination tubing string is relevant to well deviation, casing program, fluid level, as well as tubings material, size, collapsing strength, internal-outer pressure resistance and floatage of holebore fluid. Based on mechanics analysis and mathematical development, obtained mathematical relation which can meet requirement of different combined tubing string, and described relation of conventional tubing string composition length, it can be used for tubing string strengths checking.
An Investigation on Surface Sol-Gel Silica Film
Authors: Zhang Xin , Mao Lei , Ma Jing
Published: September 2013

Ultrathin silica films were grown on polyimide substrates using surface sol-gel method and the film growth process was characterized by ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. The polyimide substrates were pretreated by chemical process for promoting the growth of silica film. On the modified polymide surface, the growth of silica films shows an island-like growth type, but not a lay-by-lay process. Moreover, the deposited silica films are not a strict SiO2 film.
Temperature Distribution and Polarization Curve Sensitivity in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Single Cell
Authors: Khelidj B. , Abderezzak B. , Tahar Abbes M. , Kellaci A.
Published: September 2013

This work is a study of coupled charges and heat transfers phenomena on a low temperature PEMFC single cell. A one-dimensional steady state model was developed to compute current and temperature distributions in a PEMFC single cell whatever the operating conditions. The work comprises of three parts: Firstly, a litterature survey was conducted to describe the principle of a PEMFC and the fundamental operations. A state of the art of the previous modeling works on the PEMFC was also presented in this part. Secondly, the developed model using the basic relations to describe heat and charges transfer phenomena occurring in the single PEM cell was presented. Finally , a simple simulation tool called FCvb was performed and optimized using Visual Basic Excel and refering to the previous relations in the developed model. To finalize this basic study, a conclusion and perspectives were presented in the last part of this work.
Study on Volcanic Facies of Yingcheng Formation in Yaoshen Area
Authors: Liu Cheng Zhi , Liu Xi , Du Xue
Published: September 2013

There are two classification including volcanic lava and volcanic clastic rock, totally 15 types in Yingcheng Formation, Yaoshen area. The lithology is mainly characterized as acid rhyolite, tuffs and volcanic breccia. By using logging data and seismic data, the authors come to the conclusion as follows: there existed five types of lithofacies of volcanic lava in this area, with eruption-overflow facies most widely developed. The section is characterized as eruption mixed with overflow, superposed eruption-overflow facies and volcanic sedimentary facies occurred far from the crater. There are frequent volcanic activities, multi-periodic activities of volcanic eruption developed, thus multi-periodic eruption modes were formed. This area is overlapped and connected in the plane, adjacent eruption facies are often connected, overflow facies are distributed on lave platform.
Analysis on the Reservoir Heterogeneity of North Lake Oilfield under Jurassic Badaowan Formation
Authors: Zhu Hong Ying , Lin Le Xiao , Zhou Ji Yin , Hou Zhuo Ran , Wang Yun Xia , Zhang Ting , Zhang Hao
Published: September 2013

By observing rock thin sections, starting from the analysis on rock samples, mercury injection curves, casting thin sections and scanning electron microscopy, a detailed study of under Jurassic Badaowan Formation of the North Lake Oilfield heterogeneity in terms of content is done for the prediction and evaluation of favorable reservoir.
Numerical Modelling of the Thermal Process in the Aquatic Environment
Authors: Issakhov Alibek , Zhumagulov Bakytzan
Published: September 2013

This paper presents the mathematical model of the thermal influence to the aquatic environment of thermal power plant, which is solved by the Navier-Stokes and temperature equations for an incompressible fluid in a stratified medium. Numerical algorithm based on the projection method which solved with fractional step method. Three dimensional Poisson equation solved with Fourier method with combination of tridiagonal matrix method (Thomas algorithm).
Internal Energy of the Non-Spinning Black Holes
Authors: Mahto Di Po , Nand Mehta Rama , Prasad Umakant , Murari Singh Krishna , John Mirza Sarfaraz Hussain
Published: September 2013

The present paper derives an expression for internal energy of the Non-spinning black holes using first law of black hole thermodynamics and calculates their values of different test Non-spinning holes existing in X-ray binaries (XRBs) and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN).
Statistical Analysis on Shear Wave Velocity of Soils in Bohai Gulf
Authors: Pei Qiang , Huan Zhen Lei
Published: September 2013

The shear wave velocity is an important parameter in the geo-seismic analysis. The corresponding database of shear wave velocity is founded by collecting and sorting out the data of superficial soil layers in Bohai Gulf. The scatter diagrams of soil shear wave velocity and depth are drawn using the software of ORIGIN. The exponential regression equation is selected by adopting the goodness-of-fit for evaluation index; the regression coefficients about shear wave velocity with depth of four categories of soils are fitted. The results show that there is a good relationship in the exponential form between the shear wave velocity and depth of superficial soil layers in Bohai Gulf. The obtained results can be directly provided a reference for the field without shear wave velocity.
Peak-To-Peak Change in Magnetization Caused by Fracture
Authors: Li Jian Wei , Su Zhong , Lv Gui Ping , Pang Li Jun , Jia Wei
Published: September 2013

To simulated the magnetization change at the instant of fracture, assume that the distribution of dislocation-magnetic dipole is consistent, the models of dislocation-magnetic dipole for tensile fracture and tensile-tensile fatigue fracture are established, respectively: The distribution of magnetic dipole for tensile fracture is linear increase from distant to the fracture zone, while the distribution of magnetic dipole for tensile-tensile fatigue fracture is converging only at the fracture zone. It is found that the established model can present the change of peak-to-peak in magnetization for tensile fracture and tensile-tensile fatigue fracture.
Three Kinds of Gear Transmission Nonlinear Dynamics Models
Authors: Wu Li Juan , Tang Jin Yuan , Chen Si Yu
Published: September 2013

Based on the Lagranges equations, a new nonlinear dynamic gear model is established by introducing two variables of relative rotation angleand mean rotation angle. The motion equations derived with Lagranges equation exhibit nonlinear terms which are absent in the equations derived on Newtons equations. Combining with the numerical simulation, the dynamic responses in time domain and frequency domain are deduced, and it can be concluded that the responses at low speed of three different models are different. However, they are similar at the designed speed without the consideration of dissipation energy. On the contrary, the dynamic responses are similar at low speed and the simplified Newtons equation differs at the designed speed including dissipation energy.
Analysis of Pitch Curve of Internal-Curved Planet Gear Pump
Authors: Luan Zhen Hui , Wang Chao , Gao Wei Peng
Published: September 2013

Non-circular gear can be seen as a variant of circular gear, whose rolling circle become non-circular rather than circular of circular gear and such kind of non-circular rolling circle is called Pitch Curve. When designing of non-circular gear, one has to decide the Pitch Curve according to given conditions before determines other parameters. Generally, there are two kinds of situations as to determine the Pitch Curve. 1).Determine the Pitch Curve according to deputy drive ratio function of non-circular gear. 2).Determine the Pitch Curve according to deputy position function. This context has been to deal with the propose of an internal-curved planet gear pump, theories of how center wheel and annular gear are designed and the design as well as the calculation of the Pitch Curve.
Effects of Concentration and Temperature on Rheological Properties of Mixture of HPMC and CMC Solutions
Authors: Li Qing Yong , Ye Jun , Xiong Jian
Published: September 2013

This work was designed to study the rheologicl properties of mixture of HPMC and CMC solutions because their rheologicl properties are very important in no matter food or pharmaceutical industry processing operations. Experiments were performed at different mixture ratios, shear rates and temperatures. The static and dynamic rheological properties tests were measured through the rheometer AR-550 and were investigated by using Power Law equation, Cross equation and Arrhenius equation. The results showed that the HPMC-CMC solutions behaved as typical Non-Newtonian shear-thinning fluids and had stronger non-Newtonian nature. With the concentration(CMC)increasing, consistency coefficient K, Zero Shearing Viscosity η0,viscous flow activation energy E, storage modulus G and loss modulus G all increased but decreased with the temperature increasing, except for Non-Newtonian index n. And viscosity was the dominant property in the mixture of HPMC-CMC solutions.
Effects of Magnesium on Inclusions in Consumable Electrode of H13 Die Steel
Authors: Wang Liang Liang , Li Jing , Ning Bo , Li Yong Yong
Published: September 2013

Consumable electrodes of H13 die steel with different magnesium contents were produced by medium frequency induction furnace. Effects of magnesium on deoxidation rate and inclusions in consumable electrode were studied. Results show that the deoxidization ability of Fe-Al-Mg alloy is better than that of aluminum and the dissolved oxygen content is decreased with the increase of magnesium content in liquid steel. The deoxidation rate is less than 15 % for steel without magnesium and more than 24 % for steel with 20 × 10-4wt% magnesium content. The number of inclusions is decreased with the increase of the magnesium content in steel. Because tiny MgO·Al2O3inclusions are generated in the steel containing magnesium, the number of inclusions with size less than 2 μm is increased obviously and the number of inclusions with size larger than 5 μm is decreased. Some VN and VN-TiN inclusions with size less than 10 μm are precipitated taking MgO·Al2O3, MgO, MgS as cores in the steel containing magnesium.
Adaptive Back-Stepping Control for Wheeled Robot with Uncertainty
Authors: Zhang Wen Hui
Published: September 2013

Problems trajectory tracking of wheeled robot with uncertainty were studied. The paper proposes an back-stepping PID control algorithms base on Lyapunov theory. Mode was established base on the assumed modes method, Lagrange principle and momentum conservation. The controller is educed by back-stepping design. Complicated system is decompounded to some ordinary subsystem. Control system stability is ensured base on Lyapunov theory. The simulation resulted show that controller can improves the control accuracy and the asymptotic convergence of tracking error. Even bigger errors of beginning are appeared. The presented back-stepping PID controller can reach good control precision.
Research on Control Method of Grid-Connected Inverter Suppressing Grid-Voltage Background Harmonics
Authors: Zhang Chun Long
Published: September 2013

The traditional LCL-filter third-order system grid-connected inverter may cause the resonance phenomenon without damping. Also, it will be affected by the distorted grid-voltage background harmonics. In order to overcome these problems, based on the passive damping method, a new control strategy is proposed. The paper analyses the current waveform performance of grid-connected inverter in the condition of grid-voltage background harmonics, derives the feed-forward function for grid-connected inverter. The disadvantages of passive damping could be well solved by damping resistor virtualization of the original system, which realized the active damping suppression of resonance. Simulation results based on the Heric single-phase transformerless grid-connected inverter verify the correctness of the 2éQ: theoretical analysis"theoretical analysis.
Design of an Adaptive Neural Network Controller for Robot Manipulators
Authors: Ma Jing , Ji Xiao Ming , Wu Hong Yu
Published: September 2013

This paper brings forward a kind of adaptive neural-sliding model control schemes for uncertain robot trajectory tracking. The first scheme consists of a PD feedback and a dynamic compensator which is composed of RBF neural network and variable structure. The adaptive laws of Network weights are based on Lyapunov function method. This controller can guarantee stability of closed-loop system and asymptotic convergence of tracking errors.