bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID19 Research for the English-Speaking World: Health Communication During a Pandemic
Authors: Taskin Zehra , Dogan Guleda , Kulczycki Emanuel , Zuccala Alesia Ann
Published: May 2020

Since COVID-19 first appeared, enormous numbers of scientific articles have been published on this subject every day, and these articles have been brought to the attention of millions of people. People make great efforts to obtain information about COVID-19, however, the public cannot access health information under equal conditions. On the other hand, one of the important missions of science is informing the public, and language is one of the essential channels of this mission. The main aim of this commentary is to analyse the languages of the published articles on COVID-19 to reveal the language trends. To achieve this aim, we evaluated 10,728 publications listed in WHO’s Global COVID-19 database. As a result, although 125 different countries publish articles on COVID-19, our findings show that English, as the universal language of science, is dominant. Scientists prefer the English language for their articles; in fact, this preference is the expected choice because of the international effect of the virus and reaching the whole world. However, all these English-language papers serve the inbound mission of science communication. It is important to convey the results of the research to the public, and in this study, the general features of the non-English journals are determined, and various suggestions are presented in order to make science communication more effective.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Mahasiswa PGSD Dalam Mendesain Soal Tes Bentuk Uraian Untuk Meningkatkan Soft Skills Mahasiswa
Authors: Selegi Susanti Faipri
Published: May 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kreatif mahasiswa PGSD dalam mendesain soal tes bentuk uraian untuk meningkatkan soft skills mahasiswa. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester 4 yang berjumlah 45 orang. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan Teknik pengumpulan data melalui tes dan dokumentasi. Hasil yang lain menunjukkan 53,3% dari 45 mahasiswa memperoleh nilai pada kategori baik. Mahasiswa mampu mengelaborasi soal yang dibuat dengan mengembangkan kreativitas melalui media gambar, sehingga mudah dipahami siswa. Soal tes bentuk uraian yang dibuat lebih bervariatif dan disesuaikan dengan level kognitifnya. Selanjutnya, 8,88% dari 45 mahasiswa memperoleh nilai pada kategori cukup dan 2,22% pada kategori kurang. Hal ini disebabkan soal tes yang didesain belum mampu mengembangkan materi dengan baik, baik dari kisi-kisi maupun pedoman penskoran yang dibuat. Secara keseluruhan nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah 77,42 dengan kategori baik. Dengan demikian, kemampuan berpikir kreatif mahasiswa fluency (kelancaran), flexibility (keluwesan), originality (keaslian), danelaboration (keterincian) dapat meningkatkan soft skills mahasiswa dalam mendesain soal tes bentuk uraian kelas V (lima) SD.
Administrasi Kurikulum
Authors: Ulfiafirzatinnajmi
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article is to help prepare quality school management especially with regard to curriculum management that will be implemented at the level of the education unit in the school,whether it is done by teachers,school committees,principlas,anf parties related to curriculum development at the level education units.Hopefully this paper can provide information in order to create quality school management,which of course must be based on quality curriculum management as well.Because the most important aspect in the education unit so that the course of the educational process is the existence of curriculum,which will have a major influence on the education process a better future. Therefore the author tries to get all the things contained in this article by seeing how the current situation in the world of education by watching on YouTube YouTube, reading the latest information about the world of education on social media, and reading the literature related to this theme in it, so that this article can be completed and can be read by everyone who needs it.The term curriculum is etymologically derived from Latin, namely Curricular which means the distance that must be traveled by a runner.
EVALUASI INPUT, PROSES, DAN HASIL MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN LEARNING CYCLE
Authors: Selegi Susanti Faipri
Published: May 2020

Evaluasi bertujuan memberikan gambaran objektif pada mata kuliah evaluasi belajar Geografi dengan menerapkan konsep evaluasi input, proses, dan hasil. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui evaluasi input, proses, dan hasil melalui penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian evaluasi dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data diperoleh melalui teknik kuesioner dan tes. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi input, yang meliputi antusiasme, kedisiplinan, sarana dan prasarana, kesiapan tenaga pendidik, dan lingkungan dengan kategori sedang. Evaluasi proses, yang meliputi engagement (keterlibatan), expolaration, explanation, elaboration danevaluation melalui model pembelajaran learning cycle dengan kategori baik. Evaluasi hasil, yang meliputi hasil terbaik pada mata kuliah evaluasi belajar Geografi, dan skor hasil belajar yang diperoleh >80 dengan kategori baik. Hasil tes belajar pada ujian akhir semester setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran learning cycle dengan rata-rata 81,63 dan kategori penilaian tes pada kategori baik. Hasil pengujian secara simultan X1 evaluasi input, X2 evaluasi proses, X 3 evalausi hasil, dan Y tes hasil belajar pada ujian akhir semester setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran learning cycle, diperoleh nilai Fhitung sebesar 4,272 dengan nilai probabilitas (sig.) = 0,012 dan Ftabel sebesar 2,86. Dengan demikian nilai Fhitung = 4,272 lebih besar dari Ftabel=2,86 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa varaibel X1 evaluasi input, X2 evaluasi proses, X 3 evaluasi hasil secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap variabel terikat Y yaitu tes hasil belajar pada ujian akhir semester setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran learning cycle.
Seismic Response Control of Offshore Platforms Equipped with Optimum Localization of SMA
Authors: Aghajani Delavar Mohammad , Bargi Khosrow
Published: May 2020

In this paper, the seismic response control of offshore jacket-type platform equipped with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) braces is investigated. Concerning the properties of the SMAs, a new connection is introduced in order to make the most of it. Based on an actual platform structure and its mechanical model, the optimized localization of SMAs are found by damage propagation under pushover loadings. To evaluate the possibility of adopting the innovative bracing system and its efficiency, the dynamic responses of 3-D model of the existing 4-legged offshore platform placed in Persian Gulf (SPD12) is compared to the ones with SMA braces. The results show that using an SMA element is an effective way to develop the API recommendations and improve the dynamic response of offshore platforms subjected to earthquake excitations. Implementing the SMA braces can lead to a reduction in residual displacement, deck level displacement, elements and connections forces, and base shear compared to the steel tubular braces model.
Higher-Order Dimensions of Psychopathology in a Neurodevelopmental Transdiagnostic Sample
Authors: Holmes Joni , Mareva Silvana , Bennett Marc Patrick , Black Melissa , Guy Jacalyn
Published: May 2020

Hierarchical dimensional models of psychopathology derived for adult and child community populations offer more informative and efficient methods for assessing and treating symptoms of mental ill health than traditional diagnostic approaches. It is not yet clear how many dimensions should be included in models for youth with neurodevelopmental conditions. The aim of this study was to delineate the hierarchical dimensional structure of psychopathology in a transdiagnostic sample of children and adolescents with learning-related problems, and to test the concurrent predictive value of the model for clinically, socially and educationally relevant outcomes. A sample of N=403 participants from the Centre for Attention Learning and Memory (CALM) cohort were included. Hierarchical factor analysis delineated dimensions of psychopathology from ratings on the Conner’s Parent Rating Short Form, the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. A hierarchical structure with a general p factor at the apex, broad internalising and broad externalising spectra below, and three more specific factors (specific internalising, social maladjustment, and neurodevelopmental) emerged. The p factor predicted all concurrently measured social, clinical and educational outcomes, but the other dimensions provided incremental predictive value. The neurodevelopmental dimension, which captured symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and executive function and emerged from the higher-order externalising factor, was the strongest predictor of learning. This suggests that in struggling learners, cognitive and affective behaviours may interact to influence learning outcomes.Keywords: neurodevelopmental; transdiagnostic; childhood psychopathology; general p factor; hierarchical dimensional model General Scientific Summary: This study identifies dimensions of psychopathology in a sample of children with neurodevelopmental difficulties who are at increased risk for mental health problems. Dimensions capturing neurodevelopmental concerns were the strongest predictors of the children’s current learning outcomes.
Demonstrate Values: Behavioral Displays of Moral Outrage as a Cue to Long-Term Mate Potential
Authors: Brown Mitch , Keefer Lucas A. , Sacco Donald F. , Brown Faith L.
Published: May 2020

Recent findings suggest that moral outrage serves an interpersonal function of signaling trustworthiness to others and such perceptions play a uniquely important role in identifying social opportunities. We conducted four studies investigating how behavioral displays of moral outrage are perceived in the specific context of mating. Results indicated participants (particularly women) found prospective mates espousing outrage more desirable for long-term mating (Study 1), and this perception of desirability was similarly inferred among same-sex raters (Study 2). We further replicated findings in Study 1, while additionally considering the basis of women’s attraction toward outraged behavior through candidate mediators (Studies 3 and 4). Although we found consistent evidence for the long-term desirability of outraged behavior, in addition, to trustworthiness, evidence remained mixed on the extent to which evaluations of a prospective mate’s outrage was the basis of effects. We frame results from complementary perspectives of trust signaling and sexual strategies theory.
Choice, Infinity, and Negation: Both Set-Theory and Quantum-Information Viewpoints to Negation
Authors: Penchev Vasil Dinev
Published: May 2020

The concepts of choice, negation, and infinity are considered jointly. The link is the quantity of information interpreted as the quantity of choices measured in units of elementary choice: a bit is an elementary choice between two equally probable alternatives. “Negation” supposes a choice between it and confirmation. Thus quantity of information can be also interpreted as quantity of negations. The disjunctive choice between confirmation and negation as to infinity can be chosen or not in turn: This corresponds to set-theory or intuitionist approach to the foundation of mathematics and to Peano or Heyting arithmetic. Quantum mechanics can be reformulated in terms of information introducing the concept and quantity of quantum information. A qubit can be equivalently interpreted as that generalization of “bit” where the choice is among an infinite set or series of alternatives. The complex Hilbert space can be represented as both series of qubits and value of quantum information. The complex Hilbert space is that generalization of Peano arithmetic where any natural number is substituted by a qubit. “Negation”, “choice”, and “infinity” can be inherently linked to each other both in the foundation of mathematics and quantum mechanics by the meditation of “information” and “quantum information”.
Obat Aborsi Asli 082314597755 Terbukti Ampuh Dan Manjur
Authors: gooklinik
Published: May 2020

OBAT ABORSI CYTOTEC  —  JUAL ABORSI TUNTAS  —  OBAT ABORSI AMPUHObat Aborsi Cytotec 0823 1459 7755 | Jual Obat Aborsi | Obat Aborsi Cytotec | Obat Telat Bulan | Obat Pelancar Haid | Obat Penggugur KandunganAPOTIK : Kami Jual Obat Aborsi Cytotec Hub : 0823 1459 7755 | Jual Obat Aborsi Cytotec| Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec | Obat Pelancar Haid Tuntas. Dengan harga yang bisa anda pilih sesuai usia kandungan anda. Obat yang kami jual ampuh dan tuntas untuk menunda kehamilan atau proses aborsi untuk usia kandungan 1–6 BulanApa itu Aborsi ?“Abortion Adalah dengan membendung hormon yang di perlukan untuk mempertahankan kehamilan yaitu hormon progesterone, karena hormon ini di bendung, maka jalur kehamilan mulai membuka dan leher rahim menjadi melunak, sehingga mulai mengeluarkan darah yang merupakan tanda bahwa obat telah bekerja (maksimal 1 jam sejak obat diminum) darah inilah yang kemudian menjadi pertanda bahwa pasien telah mengalami menstruasinya, sehingga secara otomatis kandungan di dalamnya telah hilang dengan sendirinya 100% berhasil…
Jual Obat Aborsi Di Karawang 082314597755 Obat Aborsi Cytotec Tuntas Karawang
Authors: gooklinik
Published: May 2020

OBAT ABORSI KARAWANG —  JUAL ABORSI TUNTAS  —  OBAT ABORSI AMPUHObat Aborsi Cytotec 0823 1459 7755 | Jual Obat Aborsi | Obat Aborsi Cytotec | Obat Telat Bulan | Obat Pelancar Haid | Obat Penggugur KandunganAPOTIK : Kami Jual Obat Aborsi Cytotec Hub : 0823 1459 7755 | Jual Obat Aborsi Cytotec| Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec | Obat Pelancar Haid Tuntas. Dengan harga yang bisa anda pilih sesuai usia kandungan anda. Obat yang kami jual ampuh dan tuntas untuk menunda kehamilan atau proses aborsi untuk usia kandungan 1–6 BulanApa itu Aborsi ?“Abortion Adalah dengan membendung hormon yang di perlukan untuk mempertahankan kehamilan yaitu hormon progesterone, karena hormon ini di bendung, maka jalur kehamilan mulai membuka dan leher rahim menjadi melunak, sehingga mulai mengeluarkan darah yang merupakan tanda bahwa obat telah bekerja (maksimal 1 jam sejak obat diminum) darah inilah yang kemudian menjadi pertanda bahwa pasien telah mengalami menstruasinya, sehingga secara otomatis kandungan di dalamnya telah hilang dengan sendirinya 100% berhasil…
Obat Aborsi Medan ( Asli ) 082314597755 Klinik Jual Obat Penggugur Kandungan Di Medan
Authors: hellobidan
Published: May 2020

OBAT ABORSI MEDAN —  JUAL ABORSI TUNTAS  —  OBAT ABORSI AMPUHObat Aborsi Cytotec 0823 1459 7755 | Jual Obat Aborsi | Obat Aborsi Cytotec | Obat Telat Bulan | Obat Pelancar Haid | Obat Penggugur KandunganAPOTIK : Kami Jual Obat Aborsi Cytotec Hub : 0823 1459 7755 | Jual Obat Aborsi Cytotec| Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec | Obat Pelancar Haid Tuntas. Dengan harga yang bisa anda pilih sesuai usia kandungan anda. Obat yang kami jual ampuh dan tuntas untuk menunda kehamilan atau proses aborsi untuk usia kandungan 1–6 BulanApa itu Aborsi ?“Abortion Adalah dengan membendung hormon yang di perlukan untuk mempertahankan kehamilan yaitu hormon progesterone, karena hormon ini di bendung, maka jalur kehamilan mulai membuka dan leher rahim menjadi melunak, sehingga mulai mengeluarkan darah yang merupakan tanda bahwa obat telah bekerja (maksimal 1 jam sejak obat diminum) darah inilah yang kemudian menjadi pertanda bahwa pasien telah mengalami menstruasinya, sehingga secara otomatis kandungan di dalamnya telah hilang dengan sendirinya 100% berhasil…
Jual Obat Aborsi Jakarta Barat Wa 082242388712 Obat Telat Bulan Di Jakarta Barat
Authors: gooklinik
Published: May 2020

OBAT ABORSI JAKARTA BARAT —  OBAT ABORSI AMPUH —  JUAL OBAT PENGGUGUR KANDUNGAN TUNTASObat Aborsi Ampuh 0822 4238 8712 | Jual Obat Aborsi | Obat Aborsi Cytotec | Obat Telat Bulan | Obat Pelancar Haid | Obat Penggugur KandunganAPOTIK : Kami Jual Obat Aborsi Ampuh Hub : 0822 4238 8712 | Jual Obat Aborsi Aman | Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec Ampuh | Obat Pelancar Haid Tuntas. Dengan harga yang bisa anda pilih sesuai usia kandungan anda. Obat yang kami jual ampuh dan tuntas untuk menunda kehamilan atau proses aborsi untuk usia kandungan 1–6 BulanApa itu Aborsi ?“Abortion Adalah dengan membendung hormon yang di perlukan untuk mempertahankan kehamilan yaitu hormon progesterone, karena hormon ini di bendung, maka jalur kehamilan mulai membuka dan leher rahim menjadi melunak, sehingga mulai mengeluarkan darah yang merupakan tanda bahwa obat telah bekerja (maksimal 1 jam sejak obat diminum) darah inilah yang kemudian menjadi pertanda bahwa pasien telah mengalami menstruasinya, sehingga secara otomatis kandungan di dalamnya telah hilang dengan sendirinya 100% berhasil…
Tempat Klinik Obat Aborsi Cytotec Bandung 082242388712 Jual Obat Penggugur Kandungan Di Bandung
Authors: gooklinik
Published: May 2020

OBAT ABORSI BANDUNG —  OBAT ABORSI AMPUH —  JUAL OBAT PENGGUGUR KANDUNGAN TUNTASObat Aborsi Ampuh 0822 4238 8712 | Jual Obat Aborsi | Obat Aborsi Cytotec | Obat Telat Bulan | Obat Pelancar Haid | Obat Penggugur KandunganAPOTIK : Kami Jual Obat Aborsi Ampuh Hub : 0822 4238 8712 | Jual Obat Aborsi Aman | Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec Ampuh | Obat Pelancar Haid Tuntas. Dengan harga yang bisa anda pilih sesuai usia kandungan anda. Obat yang kami jual ampuh dan tuntas untuk menunda kehamilan atau proses aborsi untuk usia kandungan 1–6 BulanApa itu Aborsi ?“Abortion Adalah dengan membendung hormon yang di perlukan untuk mempertahankan kehamilan yaitu hormon progesterone, karena hormon ini di bendung, maka jalur kehamilan mulai membuka dan leher rahim menjadi melunak, sehingga mulai mengeluarkan darah yang merupakan tanda bahwa obat telah bekerja (maksimal 1 jam sejak obat diminum) darah inilah yang kemudian menjadi pertanda bahwa pasien telah mengalami menstruasinya, sehingga secara otomatis kandungan di dalamnya telah hilang dengan sendirinya 100% berhasil…OBAT ABORSI AMPUH USIA 1–6 BULAN
Filozofski obzor tema u časopisu Život (1919.–1944.) — Obnovljeni Život (1971.–2019.)
Authors: Šestak Ivan
Published: May 2020

Red Družbe Isusove od samih je početaka u viziji provedbe svoje misije neobično cijenio filozofiju. O tome uostalom svjedoče i Ustanove reda, koje za filozofski studijski kurikul nalažu da se u logici, filozofiji prirode, metafizici i etici slijedi Aristotel, a u teologiji pak Toma Akvinski, koji je i sam u najvećoj mjeri prihvatio Aristotelovu misao. Smatrano je naime da je takva filozofija, poznata kasnije kao philosophia perennis, kadra ponuditi pojedinačnim znanostima valjani instrumentarij za spoznaju njihovih vlastitih objekata spoznaje, te tu spoznaju istodobno otvoriti transcendentnoj zbilji, a s druge pak strane postaviti sigurne smjernice za praktično djelovanje. Takvu ulogu filozofije njeguje od svojega osnutka pa sve do danas i isusovački časopis Život, odnosno Obnovljeni Život. Ta filozofija utemeljuje i osnažuje kršćanski nazor na svijet. Već u prvim godištima objavljeni su mnogi antiscijentistički prilozi, kojima se je nastojalo ukazati na nemogućnost metafizičkih, odnosno svjetonazorskih pretenzija prirodnih znanosti. U tim je prilozima redovito ukazivano na suzvučje vjere i razuma. Nije nedostajalo pravih spoznajno–teoretskih i ontoloških rasprava, a u specijalnim metafizikama zastupana je mogućnost dokaza za Božju egzistenciju te određenja njegovih atributa, potom supstancijalno jedinstvo duše i tijela, nadalje ukazivanje na slobodu volje, čovjekovu besmrtnost te religioznost kao isključivo čovjekovu vlastitost. Kozmološka je problematika bila manje zastupljena. Iz područja praktične filozofije časopis je objavljivao priloge o mogućnosti zasnivanja etike kao znanosti, o aretaičkoj problematici, savjesti i dr. U posljednje vrijeme sve je prisutnija problematika iz bioetičkoga područja, gdje se neupitno brani ljudski život od začeća do prirodne smrti. Časopis je svoju životnost iskazivao i objavljivanjem priloga iz političke i socijalne problematike. Ako se tomu pridoda uistinu obimno štivo iz povijesti filozofije, tj. o filozofima i filozofskim školama, onda se smije zaključiti da je časopis opravdao dio svojega podnaslova kojim je određen kao časopis za filozofiju.
The Jesuit Syllabus vocabulorum of Alvares’ Grammar in Croatian Editions
Authors: Kresnik Ivana , Horvat Vladimir
Published: May 2020

In the late 16th century, German Jesuits prepared a methodical handbook for their students to help them master differences in gender between Latin words and synonymous German words, as well as other difficult sections in Latin grammar. The handbook was first published under the title Vocabula Grammaticae Emmanuelis Alvari (1584) and later as Syllabus (Omnium) Vocabulorum Grammaticae Emmanuelis Alvari. This paper describes the chronology and content of the handbook and compares it to Croatian editions from 1726 and 1735 which are attributed to Juraj Habdelić and Andrija Jambrešić, as well as to Mikloušić’s handbook of the same title.
A Challenging Surgical Case of Axillary Artery Pseudoaneurysm Weeks after Blunt Trauma
Authors: Feghali Anthony , Feghali Anthony , Abai Babak , Nussenblatt Brandon , Salvatore Dawn , DiMuzio Paul
Published: May 2020

Axillary artery injury is a rare complication of blunt upper extremity trauma and is reported in the literature
on only a few cases. The usual treatment is an open operation with the exclusion of the aneurysm and
interposition grafting. Vascular injury in the elderly population after trauma is especially “dangerous” owing
to a large cohort of these patients being on anticoagulation. For this reason, any hematoma after blunt trauma
must be fully “evaluated” and a careful vascular exam must be undertaken. When the vascular injury is
acute as a result of trauma, the typical interventions include an open repair either with an interposition graft
or reverse saphenous vein graft. We report a case of a delayed traumatic axillary artery dissection with
resultant pseudoaneurysm treated with endovascular stent-grafting.
Chiari type I malformation: role of the Chiari Severity Index and Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale
Authors: Ahluwalia Ranbir , Foster Jarrett , Brooks Earllondra , Lim Jaims , Zhao Shilin , Gannon Stephen R. , Guidry Bradley , Wellons John , Shannon Chevis N.
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

The authors aimed to determine whether the Chiari Severity Index (CSI), and other clinical variables, can be used as a predictor of postoperative outcomes for Chiari type I malformation (CM-I) using the modified Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (mCCOS) as the postoperative measure.

METHODS

The cohort included patients 18 years of age and younger who were treated for CM-I between 2010 and 2015 who had at least 12 months of clinical and radiographic follow-up. CSI grades were assigned using preoperative clinical and neuroimaging data. Clinical, radiographic, and operative data were obtained from medical records. Kruskal-Wallis tests and Spearman correlations were conducted to assess for differences among CSI grades. Linear and ordinal regressions were conducted to evaluate predictors of the mCCOS and its components. Statistical significance was set a priori at p < 0.05.

RESULTS

A total of 65 patients were included in the final cohort. The average age at the time of surgery and the mean mCCOS score were 9.8 ± 4.9 years and 10.4 ± 1.4, respectively. There were no significant differences in the mean mCCOS scores or CSI grades. Pre- and postoperative syrinx sizes were similar across the total patient cohort with median sizes of 7.4 and 3.7 mm, respectively. After controlling for age at the time of surgery, whether duraplasty and/or arachnoid dissection was performed, CSI preoperative score did not predict postoperative mCCOS score. No clinical variable could predict total mCCOS score. When the mCCOS was broken down into 3 subcomponents (pain, non-pain, and complications), only one relationship was identified. Those patients who presented with no headache had a statistically significant decrease in their pain (neck pain, shoulder pain, or dysesthesia in the upper extremities) as measured by the pain component of the mCCOS (χ2 [2, n = 20] = 6.43, p = 0.04). All other preclinical predictors, including CSI grades, were nonsignificant in demonstrating correlations to the mCCOS subcomponents.

CONCLUSIONS

CSI grade was not found to be a marker of surgical outcome as measured by the mCCOS in this study. There were no correlations between the clinical variables and covariates investigated with the mCCOS. The lack of variation in mCCOS scores across this cohort may suggest that the mCCOS is not adequate for detecting differences in postsurgical outcomes. Further investigation is warranted to make this determination.
Thick and diffuse cisternal clot independently predicts vasospasm-related morbidity and poor outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Aldrich E. François , Higashida Randall , Hmissi Abdel , Le Elizabeth J. , Macdonald R. Loch , Marr Angelina , Mayer Stephan A. , Roux Sébastien , Bruder Nicolas
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The presence of thick, diffuse subarachnoid blood may portend a worse clinical course and outcome, independently of other known prognostic factors such as age, aneurysm size, and initial clinical grade.

METHODS

In this post hoc analysis, patients with aSAH undergoing surgical clipping (n = 383) or endovascular coiling (n = 189) were pooled from the placebo arms of the Clazosentan to Overcome Neurological Ischemia and Infarction Occurring After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (CONSCIOUS)–2 and CONSCIOUS-3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies, respectively. Patients without and with thick, diffuse SAH (≥ 4 mm thick and involving ≥ 3 basal cisterns) on admission CT scans were compared. Clot size was centrally adjudicated. All-cause mortality and vasospasm-related morbidity at 6 weeks and Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended (GOSE) scores at 12 weeks after aSAH were assessed. The effect of the thick and diffuse cisternal aSAH on vasospasm-related morbidity and mortality, and on poor clinical outcome at 12 weeks, was evaluated using logistic regression models.

RESULTS

Overall, 294 patients (51.4%) had thick and diffuse aSAH. Compared to patients with less hemorrhage burden, these patients were older (median age 55 vs 50 years) and more often had World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade III–V SAH at admission (24.1% vs 16.5%). At 6 weeks, all-cause mortality and vasospasm-related morbidity occurred in 36.1% (95% CI 30.6%–41.8%) of patients with thick, diffuse SAH and in 14.7% (95% CI 10.8%–19.5%) of those without thick, diffuse SAH. Individual event rates were 7.5% versus 2.5% for all-cause death, 19.4% versus 6.8% for new cerebral infarct, 28.2% versus 9.4% for delayed ischemic neurological deficit, and 24.8% versus 10.8% for rescue therapy due to cerebral vasospasm, respectively. Poor clinical outcome (GOSE score ≥ 4) was observed in 32.7% (95% CI 27.3%–38.3%) and 16.2% (95% CI 12.1%–21.1%) of patients with and without thick, diffuse SAH, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

In a large, centrally adjudicated population of patients with aSAH, WFNS grade at admission and thick, diffuse SAH independently predicted vasospasm-related morbidity and poor 12-week clinical outcome. Patients with thick, diffuse cisternal SAH may be an important cohort to target in future clinical trials of treatment for vasospasm.
A Pragmatic Inquiry into Employee's Lived Experiences in relation to COVID-19 Lockdown in South Africa
Authors: Costa King , Tumagole Benevolent
Published: May 2020

The outbreak of COVID-19 in South Africa has brought about many socio-economic challenges, affecting everyone in all sectors of society. As the government proactively introduced steps to deal with the progression of the COVID-19 in South Africa, some of these measures included a total country lock-down, introduced on the 26th of March 2020. One of the most severely impacted sectors of society was employees from different organizations. Such impacts included confusion, fear of contracting the virus, and mixed emotions in relation to their income including survival of their organizations during the lockdown. This study used a mixed-methods approach to understand employees’ experiences during the period of lockdown in South Africa. The study design used a pragmatic approach, employing an explorative inductive sequential logical approach whereby phenomenology was used as a method of inquiry, followed by survey research which was constructed out of data from the qualitative dimension of the study. Findings from the qualitative study were triangulated with findings from the quantitative dimension. Results from both dimensions seemed very plausibly similar, indicating the need for attention of employee’s mental health emanating from COVID-19 phenomena and subsequent lockdown in South Africa. Provision of safe working environments, the establishment of peer educators, strengthening of Employee Assistance Programme (EAP) services, and corporate health initiatives by employers were recommended as proactive initiatives to assist and enhance the wellbeing of employees during and post COVID-19.
Impact of corporate social responsibility on corporate financial performance: Evidence from the Maldives stock exchange
Authors: Moosa Anitha , He Feng , Arrive Tsitaire Jean
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Although CSR has been studied extensively based on developed countries, very few studies has been done on developing economies. Likewise, the field of CSR is still uncovered ground, at an early stage of development in the Maldives. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to examine the impact of overall CSR ranking, and individual CSR dimensions on the financial performance of the listed companies in the Maldives. METHODOLOGY: Secondary data related to CSR, financial variables have been collected from the Maldives Stock Exchange, and through content analysis, a CSR index was developed. RESULTS: Findings demonstrated a significant relationship between overall CSR ranking and financial. However, among the dimensions of CSR, only the community and governance have a significant positive association with financial measures, where else the dimensions of employees and environment do not have any significance with financial performance. CONCLUSION: The paper includes implications to control the effect of CSR on company performance strategically and to revise their business philosophies to a socially responsible approach. It also contributes to helping the decision-makers to come up with concepts to initiate and provide a social performance rating for the Maldives listed companies.
Speed-up of scattered field formulation of FDTD method combining with time-domain EFIE by using spherical harmonic expansion of Green’s function
Authors: Kawaguchi Hideki
Published: May 2020

This paper proposes a scattered field formulation of the finite-difference time domain method (S-FDTD) combining with a time-domain electric field integral equation (TD-EFIE) based on surface equivalence theorem. The scattered field formulation enables us to reduce computation cost effectively for the case that scatterers are located at a far distance from field sources of electromagnetic wave since we need to calculate the scattered field component only on the region in the vicinity of the scatterers. Then it is required for the use of the scattered field formulation that the field source for the incident field component has to be expressed by any analytical solutions such as a point dipole source, plane wave, and so on. In this work, the scattered field formulation of the FDTD method is applied to cases that there are no analytical expressions of the field sources, in which the field source contains conductors such as antennas, combining with the TD-EFIE on a virtual surface which encloses the field sources. Then, it is known that calculation of the TD-EFIE itself is time consuming. This paper considers speed-up of the S-FDTD simulation based on the TD-EFIE using a spherical harmonic expansion of Green’s function of Helmholtz equation, additionally.
Dietary habits and physical activity: Which influence on abdominal fat deposition in children and adolescents?
Authors: De Giuseppe Rachele , Calcaterra Valeria , Biino Ginevra , Rodriguez Noelia , Gerbaldo Anna , Mantelli Melissa , Cena Hellas
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Prevention of childhood obesity is recommended throughout interventions aiming at enhancing healthy dietary habits (DH) and increasing physical activity (PA). OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating DH and PA, in a sample of Italian children/adolescents. METHODS: We evaluated DH and PA by means of a previously validated questionnaire in 178 children/adolescents (88F/90M, 11.8±2.6 years): 49 normal weight (NW), 76 overweight (OW) and 53 with obesity (OB). Abdominal obesity was defined as Waist to Height Ratio (WHeR) >0.5. RESULTS: DH did not differ in NW subjects compared to OW and OB but higher PA score (p = 0.001) was observed in NW than OW and OB. No association was found between DH and WHeR, unlike PA. Four clusters of subjects were identified that could be defined by DH and PA; only one cluster, defined by PA, showed a significantly lower WHeR within subjects playing sports at least 3–4 hours/week. Moreover, subjects belonging to this cluster did not skip the main meals, eat a varied diet and drank milk at breakfast. CONCLUSIONS: In our sample PA performed at least 3–4 hours/week is inversely associated with abdominal fat deposition and is expected to positively impact health, protecting from abdominal obesity.
Effects of xenon gas on human airway epithelial cells during hyperoxia and hypothermia
Authors: Zhu Y. , Mosko J.J. , Chidekel A. , Wolfson M.R. , Shaffer T.H.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Hypothermia with xenon gas has been used to reduce brain injury and disability rate after perinatal hypoxia-ischemia. We evaluated xenon gas therapy effects in an in vitro model with or without hypothermia on cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3). METHODS: Calu-3 monolayers were grown at an air-liquid interface and exposed to one of the following conditions: 1) 21% FiO2 at 37°C (control); 2) 45% FiO2 and 50% xenon at 37°C; 3) 21% FiO2 and 50% xenon at 32°C; 4) 45% FiO2 and 50% xenon at 32°C for 24 hours. Transepithelial resistance (TER) measurements were performed and apical surface fluids were collected and assayed for total protein, IL-6, and IL-8. Three monolayers were used for immunofluorescence localization of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. RESULTS: TER decreased at 24 hours in all treatment groups. Xenon with hyperoxia and hypothermia resulted in greatest decrease in TER compared with other groups. Immunofluorescence localization of ZO-1 (XY) showed reduced density of ZO-1 rings and incomplete ring-like staining in the 45% FiO2– 50% xenon group at 32°C compared with other groups. Secretion of total protein was not different among groups. Secretion of IL-6 in 21% FiO2 with xenon group at 32°C was less than that of the control group. The secretion of IL-8 in 45% FiO2 with xenon at 32°C was greater than that of other groups. CONCLUSION: Hyperoxia and hypothermia result in detrimental epithelial cell function and inflammation over 24-hour exposure. Xenon gas did not affect cell function or reduce inflammation.
A randomized controlled trial of restricted versus standard fluid management in late preterm and term infants with transient tachypnea of the newborn
Authors: Sardar S. , Pal S. , Mishra R.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Transient tachypnea of the newborn(TTNB) is the most common respiratory morbidity in late preterm and term babies and is pathophysiologically related to delayed lung fluid clearance after birth. Mimicking low physiological fluid intake in the initial period of life may accelerate the recovery from TTNB. In a randomized controlled trial, we compared the roles of restricted versus standard fluid management in babies with TTNB requiring respiratory support. METHODS: This parallel group,non-blinded, stratified randomized controlled trial was conducted in a level III neonatal unit of eastern India. Late preterm and term babies with TTNB requiring continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) were randomly allocated to standard and restricted fluid arms for the first 72 hours (hrs). Primary outcome was CPAP duration. RESULTS: In total, 100 babies were enrolled in this study with 50 babies in each arm. CPAP duration was significantly less in the restricted arm (48[42, 54] hrs vs 54[48,72] hrs, p = 0.002). However, no difference was observed in the incidence of CPAP failure between the two arms. In the subgroup analysis, the benefit of reduced CPAP duration persisted in late preterm but not in term infants. However, the effect was not significant in the late preterm babies exposed to antenatal steroid. CONCLUSION: This trial demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of restrictive fluid strategy in reducing CPAP duration in late preterm and term babies with TTNB. Late preterm babies, especially those not exposed to antenatal steroid were the most benefitted by this strategy.
El papel de la banca en la economía española
Authors: Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: May 2020

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VI Curso de formación de Doctrina Social de la Iglesia: "Crisis económica y Estado del Bienestar"
Authors: Fuente Alcántara Fernando , Díaz Sánchez Juan Manuel
Published: May 2020

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Potential Drug-drug Interactions Analysis in Children Out-patients with Bronchopneumonia Medication Prescriptions
Authors: Zulfa Ilil Maidatuz , Yunitasari Fitria Dewi , Dewi Susanty Kartika
Published: May 2020

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is defined as the alteration of efficacy and toxicity of some drugs in the presence of other drugs. In the treatments of bronchopneumonia in outpatient settings, there is a lack of documentation of DDIs. This study was aimed to observe the potential DDIs on the prescriptions of children with bronchopneumonia. An observational and cross-sectional study was conducted on outpatient children with bronchopneumonia prescriptions during 2017. Potential for DDI was identified by online drug interaction checkers. The potential DDI then classified based on its severity (minor, moderate, and major) and mechanism (pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic). Among 86 prescriptions analyzed, potential DDIs observed at 48.84% of it. Of that, there were 67 potential DDIs where 72.34% of it were categorized as moderate. The majority of potential DDIs was pharmacodynamic interaction (76.12%) with the most frequently involved drug pair was Ephedrine-Salbutamol (29.85%). Children outpatients with bronchopneumonia are at risk of potential DDIs, especially to minor and moderate potential DDIs. Prescriptions screening for potential DDIs followed by monitoring of therapeutical effects and associated adverse drug events will optimize patient safety.
The Role of Pharmacist in the Health Care System: Current Scenario in India
Authors: Nimesh Saurabh
Published: May 2020

Pharmacists are society's specialists on drugs. The Pharmacist of today is a drug-maker, drug-dispenser, drug-custodian, patient-counselor, drug-researcher, and drug-educator and above all an honest and patriotic citizen. The techno-proficient foundation of the drug expert gives him/her the certainty of providing services with a moral way to deal with the satisfaction of patients. The consecrated qualities are required to be cherished and professed by the pharmacist. Pharmacists assume a significant job in giving health care services, benefits by means of community pharmacy services in rural areas where physicians are not accessible or where physician services are unreasonably expensive for meeting the health care necessities. The paper at that point recognizes how pharmacists give expanded services, identifies key challenges and barriers, and suggests rules and regulations that could help secure open doors for pharmacists to play out an extended job.
Reflexión sobre el trabajo experimental planteado como investigación con docentes de Ciencias Naturales
Authors: Zorrilla Erica , Quiroga Daniela Paola , Morales Laura Mariela , Mazzitelli Claudia Alejandra , Maturano Carla Inés
Published: May 2020

Consideramos que el proceso llevado a cabo en el aula por parte de los docentes de Ciencias Naturales se enriquece cuando se pone en juego el uso de diversos recursos. Presentamos una propuesta aplicada con docentes que incorpora el uso del celular y actividades con textos a los Trabajos Prácticos de Laboratorio (TPL). La metodología incluye el desarrollo de un taller con instancias de reflexión de los participantes. Los resultados ponen en evidencia la necesidad de realizar modificaciones en la forma en que se desarrollan asiduamente los TPL, actualizando las propuestas en base a los resultados de la investigación educativa en Ciencias Naturales.
¿Federalización de la ciencia y tecnología en Argentina? La carrera del investigador de CONICET (2010-2019)
Authors: Niembro Andrés
Published: May 2020

En Argentina, la distribución territorial de la inversión y el personal en ciencia y tecnología (CyT) es profundamente desigual. A lo largo de la historia, el Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) se ha establecido como el principal organismo, siendo su función primordial la formación e inserción de investigadores. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la distribución y evolución provincial de los investigadores del CONICET entre 2010 y 2019, un periodo atravesado no sólo por una serie de medidas tendientes, supuestamente, a fomentar la federalización de la CyT, sino también por gobiernos nacionales de diferente signo político. Mediante el análisis de diferentes estadísticas y el diálogo con estudios previos sobre la temática, se muestra que los resultados han sido modestos en general y dispares entre provincias, en varios casos con tendencias contrapuestas antes y después de 2015, por lo que la federalización sigue siendo una cuenta pendiente.
COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 16: Reporting week ending 23:59 AEST 17 May 2020
Authors:   COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
Published: May 2020

Confirmed cases in Australia notified up to 17 May 2020: notifications = 7,075; deaths = 100. The incidence of new cases of COVID-19 has reduced dramatically since a peak in mid-March. Social distancing measures, public health action and the reduction in international travel have likely been effective in slowing the spread of the disease, in the Australian community. Testing rates over the past week have increased markedly, with a continued very low proportion of people testing positive. These low rates of detection are indicative of low levels of COVID-19 transmission. It is important that testing rates and community adherence to public health measures remain high to support the continued suppression of the virus, particularly in vulnerable high-risk groups and settings. New cases of COVID-19 are currently being reported by by only some jurisdictions, albeit at relatively low rates. Although case numbers are low, new cases tend to still be a mix of overseas-acquired and locally-acquired infections. Most locally-acquired cases can be linked back to a known case or cluster. Although the proportion of locally-acquired cases has increased, the overall rate of new cases, regardless of place of acquisition, continues to decrease.
The crude case fatality rate in Australia remains low (1.4%), compared with the WHO reported global rate (6.9%). The low case fatality rate is likely reflective of high case detection and high quality of health care services in Australia. Deaths from COVID-19 in Australia have occurred predominantly among the elderly and those with comorbidities, with no deaths occurring in those under 40 years. The highest rate of COVID-19 continues to be among people aged 60–79 years. One third of all cases in this age group have been associated with several outbreaks linked to cruise ships. The lowest rate of disease is in young children, a pattern reflected in international reports. Internationally, while the number of new cases each day remains relatively stable at the global level, some areas such as Brazil and India are showing a dramatic rise in reported cases. Although some low-income countries have so far reported few cases, it is possible that this is due to limited diagnostic and public health capacity, and may not be reflective of true disease incidence.
Gut microbiota variations in a rescued spotted seal Phoca largha pup
Authors: Tian J , Du J , Han J , Wang Z , Fu Z , Lu Z
Published: May 2020

Rescuing seal pups is an important conservation action for spotted seals Phoca largha. Gut microbiota are directly associated with host health and diet metabolism. Therefore, knowledge gained from gut microbiota variations of spotted seal pups held in captivity after rescue can help formulate comprehensive rescue plans for the future. In this study, we collected feces from a rescued spotted seal pup every 3 d during the rescue process. Fecal bacterial communities were measured by high-throughput sequencing based on 16S rRNA amplification. Firmicutes were the most dominant bacteria, comprising >70% of the total gut microbiota. Moreover, differences in fecal bacterial communities of the rescued spotted seal pup between rescue and release were compared. At release, the abundances of 2 potential bacteria related to gut health, Blautia producta and Cetobacterium somerae, were remarkably lower, while Clostridium perfringens, a key mammalian pathogen, was significantly higher in the feces of the released pup. Moreover, the pup experienced a bout of diarrhea during its time in captivity, which resulted in a momentary change in its gut microbiota. Fusobacterium was recognized as a potential causative pathogen for the diarrhea. This study contributes to our understanding of gut microbiota variations in spotted seal pups during the rescue period.
Nutrient availability and organic matter quality shape bacterial community structure in a lake biofilm
Authors: Seballos RC , Wyatt KH , Bernot RJ , Brown SP , Chandra S , Rober AR
Published: May 2020

Heterotrophic bacteria play a key role in ecosystem processes, but little is known about the factors that shape bacterial community structure in aquatic biofilms, especially in lakes. We used molecular techniques (16S rRNA) to evaluate resource controls on biofilm bacterial community structure in an oligotrophic subalpine lake. We manipulated nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus; NP) and glucose (G) on inorganic (rock) and organic (wood) substrates under light and dark conditions (i.e. with and without autotrophy, respectively) in a full factorial design using nutrient diffusing substrates in situ for 20 d. Distinct patterns of separation in community structure between treatments with nutrients (NP, NP+G) and without nutrients (control, G-only) indicated that community structure was more strongly influenced by nutrients than organic matter irrespective of substrate type or light availability. Further separation in community structure between treatments with nutrients only (NP) and nutrients with glucose (NP+G) on both organic and inorganic substrates indicated that once nutrient limitation was alleviated, organic matter quality played an important role in shaping community structure. Differences in the relative abundance of 6 phyla, 3 classes, and 19 genera among treatments revealed (1) contrasting taxa-specific resource requirements, (2) the influence of interspecific interactions on composition, and (3) the potential for individual taxa to participate in the decomposition of recalcitrant organic matter. Our findings provide insight into the role that nutrients and organic matter quality play in shaping bacterial community structure, which is a critical step in bridging the knowledge gap between microbial composition and ecosystem function within aquatic environments.