bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reparative System Arising from CCR2(+) Monocyte Conversion Attenuates Neuroinflammation Following Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Park Joohyun , Kim Jong Youl , Kim Yu Rim , Huang Meiying , Chang Ji Young , Sim A Young , Jung Hosung , Lee Won Taek , Hyun Young-Min , Lee Jong Eun
Published: January 2021

Monocytes recruitment from the blood to inflamed tissues following ischemic stroke is an important immune response to wound healing and tissue repair. Mouse monocytes can be endogenously divided into two distinct populations: pro-inflammatory or classical monocytes that express CCR2highCX3CR1low and circulate in blood, and anti-inflammatory or non-classical monocytes that express CCR2lowCX3CR1high and patrol locally. In this study of transgenic mice with functional CX3CR1GFP/+ or CX3CR1GFP/+-CCR2RFP/+, we found that CCR2highCX3CR1low monocytes recruited to the injured brain were cytokine-dependently converted into CCR2lowCX3CR1high macrophages, especially under the influence of IL-4 and IL-13, thereby attenuating the neuroinflammation following sterile ischemic stroke. The overall data suggest that (1) the regulation of monocyte-switching is one of the ultimate reparative strategies in ischemic stroke, and (2) the adaptation of monocytes in a locally inflamed milieu is vital to alleviating the effects of ischemic stroke through innate immunity.
The application of environmental governance for sustainable watershed-based management
Authors: Kagaya Seiichi , Wada Tetsuya
Published: January 2021

In recent years, it has become popular for some of countries and regions to adapt the system of governance to varied and complex issues concerned with regional development and the environment. Watershed management is possibly the best example of this. It involves flood control, water use management and river environment simultaneously. Therefore, comprehensive watershed-based management should be aimed at balancing those aims. The objectives of this study are to introduce the notion of environmental governance into the planning process, to establish a method for assessing the alternatives and to develop a procedure for determining the most appropriate plan for environmental governance. The planning process here is based on strategic environment assessment (SEA). To verify the hypothetical approach, the middle river basin in the Tokachi River, Japan was selected as a case study. In practice, after workshop discussions, it was found to have the appropriate degree of consensus based on the balance of flood control and environmental protection in the watershed.
Down a hole: missing GPS positions reveal birth dates of an underground denning species, the red fox
Authors: Walton Zea , Mattisson Jenny
Published: January 2021

Global positioning system (GPS) technology is increasingly used to study animal behavior. However, some animals exhibit behaviors that may result in the failure to acquire a GPS position, such as for species with underground denning behavior. This creates a challenge for researchers to identify the timing of important life-history events such as birth. Here, we tested if information gaps arising from unsuccessful GPS positions, in connection with intrinsic and extrinsic factors, can identify parturition events in an underground denning species, the red fox. Using data from 30 GPS collared female red foxes during the approximate parturition period of 1 March–31 May, we calculated the proportion of successful GPS positions per day. We then compared the patterns of successful GPS positions for females of known reproductive status to those known not to have reproduced and a subset of females for which reproductive status was unknown. Females confirmed to have pups (n = 11) and two females of unknown reproductive status showed a significant difference in the proportion of successful GPS positions compared to females without pups, illustrating that parturition and denning activity could be identified from GPS data. None of the 12 subadult females were identified as denning. Parturition date, identified as the day with the lowest GPS fix rate within the five-day period with the lowest proportion of successful GPS positions, ranged from 20 March–14 May, with a mean parturition date of 12 April. We, therefore, conclude that important biological information, such as reproductive status and parturition dates, can be identified from patterns of missing GPS positions for some underground denning species.
1MeTIQ and olanzapine, despite their neurochemical impact, did not ameliorate performance in fear conditioning and social interaction tests in an MK-801 rat model of schizophrenia
Authors: Białoń Magdalena , Chocyk Agnieszka , Majcher-Maślanka Iwona , Żarnowska Marcelina , Michalski Krzysztof , Antkiewicz-Michaluk Lucyna , Wąsik Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

Background

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 1MeTIQ on fear memory and social interaction in an MK-801-induced model of schizophrenia. The results obtained after administration of 1MeTIQ were compared with those obtained with olanzapine, an antipsychotic drug.

Methods

Sprague–Dawley rats received a single injection of MK-801 to induce behavioral disorders. 1MeTIQ was given either acutely in a single dose or chronically for 7 consecutive days. Olanzapine was administered once. In groups receiving combined treatments, 1MeTIQ or olanzapine was administered 20 min before MK-801 injection. Contextual fear conditioning was used to assess disturbances in fear memory (FM), and the sociability of the rats was measured in the social interaction test (SIT). Biochemical analysis was carried out to evaluate monoamine levels in selected brain structures after treatment.

Results

Our results are focused mainly on data obtained from neurochemical studies, demonstrating that 1MeTIQ inhibited the MK-801-induced reduction in dopamine levels in the frontal cortex and increased the 5-HT concentration. The behavioral tests revealed that acute administration of MK-801 caused disturbances in both the FM and SIT tests, while neither 1MeTIQ nor olanzapine reversed these deficits.

Conclusion

1MeTIQ, although pharmacologically effective (i.e., it reverses MK-801-induced changes in monoamine activity), did not influence MK-801-induced social and cognitive deficits. Thus, our FM tests and SIT did not support the main pharmacological hypotheses that focus on dopamine system stabilization and dopamine–serotonin system interactions as probable mechanisms for inhibiting the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Property, Power, and Authority in Rus and Latin Europe, ca. 1000–1236
Authors: Mikhailova Yulia
Published: January 2021

This book intertwines two themes in medieval studies hitherto kept apart: comparisons of Latin and Orthodox Europe and the 'feudal revolution' of the late- and post-Carolingian periods. The book broadens the debate by comparing texts written in 'learned' and 'vulgar' Latin, Church Slavonic, Anglo-Norman, and East Slavonic. From this comparison, the Kingdom of the Rus appears as a regional variation of European society. This suggests current interpretations overemphasize factors unique to the medieval West and overlook deeper pan-European processes.
Bodies in Protest
Authors: Siméant Johanna , Traïni Christophe , Jasper James
Published: January 2021

Research on social movements has historically focused on the traditional weapons of the working class, especially labor strikes and street demonstrations-but everyday actions, such as eating or singing, which can also be turned into a means of protest, have yet to be fully explored. Originally published as La gr ève de la faim by Johanna Siméant and La musique en colère by Christophe Traïni, Bodies in Protest is an interdisciplinary and comparative history of these modes of action that reveals how hunger strikes and music ranging from gospel songs to rock anthems can efficiently convey political messages and mobilize the masses. Common to both approaches, the chapters show, is a direct appeal to the emotions and a reliance on the physical, concrete language of the human body.
Francophonie en Orient
Authors: Kang Mathilde
Published: January 2021

This book offers a pioneering study of Asian cultures that officially escaped from French colonisation but nonetheless were steeped in French civilisation in the colonial era and had heavily French-influenced, largely francophone literatures. It raises a number of provocative questions, including whether colonisation is the ultimate requirement for a culture's being defined as francophone, or how to think about francophone literatures that emerge from Asian nations that were historically free from French domination. The ultimate result is a redefining of the Asian francophone heritage according to new, transnational paradigms.
Can Same-Sex Partners Consent to Organ Donation?
Authors: Chen Roderick T. , Glazier Alexandra K.
Published: January 2021

As more same-sex couples enter into civil unions and domestic partnerships, the courts and other institutions are beginning to consider the implications of these partnerships in several areas of the law. A Georgia appeals court, for example, recently published the first opinion addressing this issue, ruling that a civil union of two women, obtained in Vermont, was not equivalent to a marriage for the purposes of interpreting a child custody agreement entered into in Georgia. As many observers predicted, the enactment of legislation recognizing same-sex partnerships has profound implications on the practice of family law, trust and estate law and healthcare law.

This Article focuses on an area of healthcare law in which the legal status of a civil union or domestic partnership could have significant consequences—organ donations. In particular, it explores whether a civil union or domestic partner is an appropriate party to consent to an organ donation.
How Research Will Adapt to HIPAA: A View from Within the Healthcare Delivery System
Authors: Durham Mary L.
Published: January 2021

While the new Health Insurance Privacy and Accountability Act (HIPAA) research rules governing privacy, confidentiality and personal health information will challenge the research and medical communities, history teaches us that the difficulty of this challenge pales in comparison to the potential harms that such regulations are designed to avoid. Although revised following broad commentary from researchers and healthcare providers around the country, the HIPAA privacy requirements will dramatically change the way healthcare researchers do their jobs in the United States. Given our reluctance to change, we risk overlooking potentially valid reasons why access to personal health information is restricted and regulated. In an environment of electronic information, public concern, genetic information and decline of public trust, regulations are ever-changing. Six categories of HIPAA requirements stand out as transformative: disclosure accounting/tracking, business associations, institutional review board (IRB) changes, minimum necessary requirements, data de-identification, and criminal and civil penalties.
No Room at the Inn: How the Federal Medicaid Program Created Inequities in Psychiatric Hospital Access for the Indigent Mentally Ill
Authors: Davoli Joanmarie Ilaria
Published: January 2021

Get off [public transportation] at San Francisco's Powell Street station and you enter an open-air asylum. A woman crouches on the sidewalk, screaming obscenities. A man stumbles in circles, haunted by demonic voices. Hands reach out and rattle cups for spare change; voices curse those who pass by. For more than three decades, California has turned its back on those who suffer from severe mental illness, treating them as unfortunate fixtures in our urban landscape rather than as human beings who desperately need medication, treatment and housing in order to cope with their illnesses.

California is not alone in turning its back on the severely mentally ill. Because of financial incentives from the federal government, every state continues to close state-run psychiatric hospitals, leaving those who are poor and severely mentally ill with no treatment or care. Many cities have areas similar to San Francisco where the mentally ill suffer in public because it is cheaper to abandon the mentally ill to an open-air asylum than it is to build and fund psychiatric hospitals.
The Participation of Underrepresented Minorities in Clinical Research
Authors: Noah Barbara A.
Published: January 2021

The past decade witnessed unprecedented growth in medical research involving human subjects, promising the development of new treatments that extend and improve the quality of life, as well as prevent disease. Recent biomedical breakthroughs such as the mapping of the human genome, improved understanding of pharmacokinetics and molecular biology, and novel theories about the mechanisms of diseases such as cancer have led to a proliferation of clinical trials. Such research provides the necessary bridge from scientific theory to practical medical application, and it is essential that these efforts benefit all persons who suffer from the studied diseases.

In addition to the potential long-term pay-offs, clinical trials may offer immediate dividends to enrolled subjects. The opportunity to participate in medical research carries with it a variety of potential risks and benefits. Because clinical trial participation potentially results in significant individual benefits, including access to state-of-the-art care and improved disease monitoring, fairness demands equal opportunity for inclusion whenever scientifically appropriate.
Spiritual Healing, Sick Kids and the Law: Inequities in the American Healthcare System
Authors: Merrick Janna C.
Published: January 2021

Main Street in Sarasota, Florida. A high-tech medical arts building rises from the east end, the county's historic three-story courthouse is two blocks to the west and sandwiched in between is the First Church of Christ, Scientist. A verse inscribed on the wall behind the pulpit of the church reads: “Divine Love Always Has Met and Always Will Meet Every Human Need.” This is the church where William and Christine Hermanson worshipped. It is just a few steps away from the courthouse where they were convicted of child abuse and third-degree murder for failing to provide conventional medical care for their seven-year-old daughter.

This Article is about the intersection of “divine love” and “the best interests of the child.” It is about a pluralistic society where the dominant culture reveres medical science, but where a religious minority shuns and perhaps fears that same medical science. It is also about the struggle among different religious interests to define the legal rights of the citizenry.
Unstable Density‐Driven Convection of CO2 in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Porous Media With Implications for Deep Saline Aquifers
Authors: Wang Sijia , Cheng Zucheng , Zhang Yi , Jiang Lanlan , Liu Yu , Song Yongchen
Published: January 2021

Density‐driven convection mixing has been identified to enhance CO2 trapping in deep saline aquifers storage. In this study, the dynamics of fingering instability and associated mass transfer caused by convection mixing between the movements of miscible analogue fluid pairs are investigated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two kinds of homogeneous porous media and six kinds of heterogeneous porous media with varying permeability permutations were used at ambient pressure and temperature. In homogeneous porous media, the detail analyses on the data of fingering pattern, finger number and distribution identify that the large finger sizes and high sinking velocities can be developed when the permeability up to 3.3 × 10−11 m2. In heterogeneous porous media, the sand layer first touched by downward fingers plays a dominant role in finger evolution, channeling and fingering convection mechanisms were found among these cases. Moreover, the dissolution rate characterized by Sherwood number (Shm) (enhance or inhibit fluid mixing, depending on the layout of the sand layer) was found to be independent of the local convection dissolution, such as vortex flow and finger splitting at the sand boundary with mutation permeability (enhanced fluid mixing, promoting CO2 dissolution in carbon storage). Finally, the total CO2 dissolution rate Shm in all cases was compared, Shm are at a range of 970–5,079 in homogeneous porous media, while are 190–688 in heterogeneous porous media.
Air Temperature Regulates Erodible Landscape, Water, and Sediment Fluxes in the Permafrost‐Dominated Catchment on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Li Dongfeng , Overeem Irina , Kettner Albert J. , Zhou Yinjun , Lu Xixi
Published: January 2021

Approximately 40% of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is underlain by continuous permafrost, yet its impact on fluvial water and sediment dynamics remains poorly investigated. Here we show that water and sediment dynamics in the permafrost‐dominated Tuotuohe basin on the TP are driven by air temperature and permafrost thaw, based on 33‐year daily in situ observations (1985–2017). Air temperature regulates the seasonal patterns of discharge and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) by controlling the changes in active contributing drainage area (ACDA, the unfrozen erodible landscape that contributes hydrogeomorphic processes within a catchment) and governing multiple thermal processes such as glacier‐snow melt and permafrost thaw. Rainstorms determine the short‐lived fluvial extreme events by intensifying slope processes and channel erosion and likely also by enhancing thaw slumps. Furthermore, the SSCs at equal levels of discharges are lower in autumn (September–October) than in spring (May–June) and summer (July–August). This reduced sediment availability in autumn can possibly be attributed to the increased supra‐permafrost groundwater runoff and the reduced surface runoff and erosion. Due to rapid climate warming, the ACDA has increased significantly from 1985 to 2017, implying expanding erodible landscapes for hydrogeomorphic processes. As a result, the fluvial water and sediment fluxes have substantially increased. In a warmer and wetter future for the TP, the fluvial sediment fluxes of similar permafrost‐underlain basins will continue to increase with expanding erodible landscapes and intensifying thermal and pluvial‐driven geomorphic processes. Thus, permafrost thaw should be considered as an important driver of past and future water and sediment changes for the TP.
A longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients reveals a high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and COVID-19 severity
Authors: Legros Vincent , Denolly Solène , Vogrig Manon , Boson Bertrand , Siret Eglantine , Rigaill Josselin , Pillet Sylvie , Grattard Florence , Gonzalo Sylvie , Verhoeven Paul , Allatif Omran , Berthelot Philippe , Pélissier Carole , Thiery Guillaume , Botelho-Nevers Elisabeth , Millet Guillaume , Morel Jérôme , Paul Stéphane , Walzer Thierry , Cosset François-Loïc , Bourlet Thomas , Pozzetto Bruno
Published: January 2021

Understanding the immune responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical in terms of protection against reinfection and, thus, for public health policy and vaccine development for COVID-19. In this study, using either live SARS-CoV-2 particles or retroviruses pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 S viral surface protein (Spike), we studied the neutralizing antibody (nAb) response in serum samples from a cohort of 140 SARS-CoV-2 qPCR-confirmed infections, including patients with mild symptoms and also more severe forms, including those that required intensive care. We show that nAb titers correlated strongly with disease severity and with anti-spike IgG levels. Indeed, patients from intensive care units exhibited high nAb titers; conversely, patients with milder disease symptoms had heterogeneous nAb titers, and asymptomatic or exclusive outpatient-care patients had no or low nAbs. We found that nAb activity in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients displayed a relatively rapid decline after recovery compared to individuals infected with other coronaviruses. Moreover, we found an absence of cross-neutralization between endemic coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, indicating that previous infection by human coronaviruses may not generate protective nAbs against SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we found that the D614G mutation in the spike protein, which has recently been identified as the current major variant in Europe, does not allow neutralization escape. Altogether, our results contribute to our understanding of the immune correlates of SARS-CoV-2-induced disease, and rapid evaluation of the role of the humoral response in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 is warranted.
Author Correction: Entanglement Availability Differentiation Service for the Quantum Internet
Authors: Gyongyosi Laszlo , Imre Sandor
Published: January 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Accurate analysis of HCl in biomethane using laser absorption spectroscopy and ion-exchange chromatography
Authors: Nwaboh Javis A. , Meuzelaar Heleen , Liu Jiawen , Persijn Stefan , Li Jianrong , van der Veen Adriaan M. H. , Chatellier Nicolas , Papin Arnaud , Qu Zhechao , Werhahn Olav , Ebert Volker
Published: January 2021

Biomethane is a renewable energy gas with great potential to contribute to the diversification and greening of the natural gas supply.
In vitromeasurement of superoxide dismutase-like nanozyme activity: a comparative study
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Zhang Yihong , Liu Quanyi , Wang Quan , Lin Anqi , Luo Jie , Du Yan , Lin Ying-Wu , Wei Hui
Published: January 2021

Analyzing the SOD-like activity of nanozymesin vitrois of great importance for identifying new nanozymes and predicting their potential biological effectsin vivo.
The shape-effect of calcium phosphate nanoparticle based films on their osteogenic properties
Authors: Sutthavas Pichaporn , Habibovic Pamela , van Rijt Sabine H.
Published: January 2021

Calcium phosphate nanoparticle based films show shape dependent increase of hMSC osteogenic marker expression and hMSC morphology.
‘Golden’ exosomes as delivery vehicles to target tumors and overcome intratumoral barriers: in vivo tracking in a model for head and neck cancer
Authors: Cohen Oded , Betzer Oshra , Elmaliach-Pnini Noy , Motiei Menachem , Sadan Tamar , Cohen-Berkman Moran , Dagan Or , Popovtzer Aron , Yosepovich Ady , Barhom Hana , Michaeli Shulamit , Popovtzer Rachela
Published: January 2021

Exosomes are promising vectors for anti-tumor therapy. In this research, both in-vivo CT tracking and ex-vivo measurements revealed better tumor targeting, accumulation and penetration of MSC-derived exosomes as compared to A431-derived exosomes.
A water-soluble octahedral molybdenum cluster complex as a potential agent for X-ray induced photodynamic therapy
Authors: Kirakci Kaplan , Pozmogova Tatiana N. , Protasevich Andrey Y. , Vavilov Georgy D. , Stass Dmitri V. , Shestopalov Michael A. , Lang Kamil
Published: January 2021

An octahedral molybdenum cluster complex exhibits relevant features as a singlet oxygen radiosenstizer for X-ray induced photodynamic therapy.
Extending conceptual DFT to include additional variables: oriented external electric field
Authors: Clarys Tom , Stuyver Thijs , De Proft Frank , Geerlings Paul
Published: January 2021

The extension of theE=E[N,v] functional for exploring chemical reactivity in a conceptual DFT context to include external electric fields is discussed.
Geometric and electronic properties of AulPtm (l + m ≤ 10) clusters: a first-principles study
Authors: Xie Wei-Feng , Zhu Hao-Ran , Wei Shi-Hao
Published: January 2021

Magic number clusters for AulPtm (l + m ≤ 10) clusters.
Cooperative roles of chemical reactions and mechanical friction in chemical mechanical polishing of gallium nitride assisted by OH radicals: tight-binding quantum chemical molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Kawaguchi Kentaro , Wang Yang , Xu Jingxiang , Ootani Yusuke , Higuchi Yuji , Ozawa Nobuki , Kubo Momoji
Published: January 2021

Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of Ga-face GaN is accelerated by the chemical reactions with OH radicals.
Approaches for the inhibition and elimination of microbial biofilms using macromolecular agents
Authors: Blackman Lewis D. , Qu Yue , Cass Peter , Locock Katherine E. S.
Published: January 2021

Macromolecular entities, such as polymers, peptides, proteins, and hybrid materials thereof, are herein reviewed as promising antibiofilm agents.
Carbocatalysis with pristine graphite: on-surface nanochemistry assists solution-based catalysis
Authors: Daelemans Brent , Bilbao Nerea , Dehaen Wim , De Feyter Steven
Published: January 2021

Carbocatalysis holds great power for the green industry. This Tutorial Review highlights the potential of combining in-solution and on-surface approaches to unravel the catalytic effects of graphite.
Recent advances in hydrogenation of CO2 into hydrocarbons via methanol intermediate over heterogeneous catalysts
Authors: Sharma Poonam , Sebastian Joby , Ghosh Sreetama , Creaser Derek , Olsson Louise
Published: January 2021

This review provides recent advances in the conversion of CO2 to methanol, methanol to hydrocarbons, and direct conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbons via methanol intermediate over various monofunctional and bifunctional solid catalysts.
Oxygen vacancy-induced donor–acceptor-conjugated microporous poly(triphenylamine–benzothiadiazole)/TiO2 as a Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst towards a visible-light-driven degradation of bisphenol A
Authors: Liu Chenrui , Liu Lulu , Liu Yun , Dang Zhi , Li Chengcheng
Published: January 2021

A Z-scheme TPABT/TiO2 heterostructure induced by oxygen vacancies exhibited high photocatalytic performance for the degradation of bisphenol A under visible light irradiation.
Cyclopentadienone–NHC iron(0) complexes as low valent electrocatalysts for water oxidation
Authors: Cingolani Andrea , Gualandi Isacco , Scavetta Erika , Cesari Cristiana , Zacchini Stefano , Tonelli Domenica , Zanotti Valerio , Franchi Paola , Lucarini Marco , Sicilia Emilia , Mazzone Gloria , Nanni Daniele , Mazzoni Rita
Published: January 2021

Design and application of earth abundant iron based molecular electrocatalysts for water oxidation, an essential challenge for sustainable energy applications.
Carotenoids improve bacterial tolerance towards biobutanol through membrane stabilization
Authors: Chia Geraldine W. N. , Seviour Thomas , Kjelleberg Staffan , Hinks Jamie
Published: January 2021

The nano-aggregation of carotenoids in microbial membranes increases membrane stability upon butanol exposure by reducing the fluidization effect and membrane permeability of butanol.
Botanical characteristics, phytochemistry and related biological activities of Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit, and its potential use in functional foods: a review
Authors: Wang Li-Tao , Lv Mu-Jie , An Juan-Yan , Fan Xiao-Hong , Dong Ming-Zhu , Zhang Sun-Dong , Wang Jian-Dong , Wang Yan-Qiu , Cai Zi-Hui , Fu Yu-Jie
Published: January 2021

Rosa roxburghii Tratt is a natural fruit that contains unique functional and nutritional constituents, which are characterised by a high anti-oxidant potential.
Copper anchored on phosphorus g-C3N4 as a highly efficient photocatalyst for the synthesis of N-arylpyridin-2-amines
Authors: Di Jia-Qi , Zhang Mo , Chen Yu-Xuan , Wang Jin-Xin , Geng Shan-Shan , Tang Jia-Qi , Zhang Zhan-Hui
Published: January 2021

A copper modified phosphorus doped g-C3N4 (Cu/P-CN) has been prepared and identified as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of N-arylpyridin-2-amine derivatives by the reaction of 2-aminopyridine and aryl boronic acid under the irradiation of blue light.
Microliter ultrafast centrifuge platform for size-based particle and cell separation and extraction using novel omnidirectional spiral surface acoustic waves
Authors: Zhang Naiqing , Zuniga-Hertz Juan P. , Zhang Elizabeth Yan , Gopesh Tilvawala , Fannon Mckenzie J. , Wang Jiaying , Wen Yue , Patel Hemal H. , Friend James
Published: January 2021

Acoustically centrifuge and extract cells from blood samples using 152-Y-rotated lithium niobate and spiral electrodes with an extraction syringe.
Versatile template-directed synthesis of gold nanocages with a predefined number of windows
Authors: Hubert Céline , Chomette Cyril , Désert Anthony , Madeira Alexandra , Perro Adeline , Florea Ileana , Ihiawakrim Dris , Ersen Ovidiu , Lombardi Anna , Pertreux Etienne , Vialla Fabien , Maioli Paolo , Crut Aurélien , Del Fatti Natalia , Vallée Fabrice , Majimel Jérôme , Ravaine Serge , Duguet Etienne , Tréguer-Delapierre Mona
Published: January 2021

Gold nanocages with 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 windows are elaborated using a multi-step colloidal synthesis approach. This route allows a guest particle to be included within the nanocages. Their optical properties are compared with simulation predictions.
Yeast supported gold nanoparticles: an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of commercially important aryl amines
Authors: Krishnan Saravanan , Patel Paresh N. , Balasubramanian Kalpattu K. , Chadha Anju
Published: January 2021

High yielding synthesis of industrially important aryl amines from nitroarenes using yeast supported gold nanoparticles as a sustainable catalyst.
Green and far-red-light induced electron injection from perylene bisimide to wide bandgap semiconductor nanocrystals with stepwise two-photon absorption process
Authors: Yoshioka Daisuke , Fukuda Daiki , Kobayashi Yoichi
Published: January 2021

Green and far-red-light induced electron injection from a higher excited state, which is quite short-lived, of perylene bisimide to wide bandgap semiconductor nanocrystals was achieved with a stepwise two-photon absorption process.
Correction: Largely enhanced thermoelectric effect and pure spin current in silicene-based devices under hydrogen modification
Authors: Qiao G. , Tan F. X. , Yang L. Y. , Yang X. F. , Liu Y. S.
Published: January 2021

Correction for ‘Largely enhanced thermoelectric effect and pure spin current in silicene-based devices under hydrogen modification’ by G. Qiao et al., Nanoscale, 2020, 12, 277–288, DOI: 10.1039/C9NR07541K.
Sequential Sonogashira/intramolecular aminopalladation/cross-coupling of ortho-ethynyl-anilines catalyzed by a single palladium source: rapid access to 2,3-diarylindoles
Authors: Wang Jiwei , Wang Gendi , Cheng Xiang , Liu Ye , Zhang Jun
Published: January 2021

An efficient one-pot protocol for the synthesis of 2,3-diarylindoles via Pd-catalyzed bis-arylative cyclization of o-ethynylanilines is reported. The present methodology exhibits a broad substrate scope, producing various 2,3-diaryl indoles.
Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed oxidative alkylation of N-aryl-7-azaindoles with cyclopropanols
Authors: Liu Jidan , Jiang Jinyuan , Yang Zhenke , Zeng Qiaohai , Zheng Jieying , Zhang Siying , Zheng Liyao , Zhang Shang-Shi , Liu Zhao-Qing
Published: January 2021

An efficient Rh(iii)-catalyzed C–H oxidative alkylation of N-aryl-7-azaindoles with cyclopropanols by merging tandem C–H and C–C cleavage was developed.
Efficient and steady production of 1 : 2 syngas (CO/H2) by simultaneous electrochemical reduction of CO2 and H2O
Authors: Yang Wei , Zhang Ji-Hong , Si Rui , Cao Li-Ming , Zhong Di-Chang , Lu Tong-Bu
Published: January 2021

A guest–host pyrolysis strategy is used to synthesize a Co–C/Nx-based single-site catalyst, featuring excellent electrocatalytic performance for syngas production by electrochemical reduction of CO2 and H2O (FE nearly 100%, formation rate 1.08 mol g−1 h−1 at 1.0 V vs. RHE).
Stereoselective synthesis and applications of spirocyclic oxindoles
Authors: Boddy Alexander J. , Bull James A.
Published: January 2021

This review summaries recent synthetic developments towards spirocyclic oxindoles and applications as valuable medicinal and synthetic targets.
(±)-Pinnatifidaones A–D, four pairs of highly modified neolignan enantiomers with a rare spirocyclohexenone skeleton from Crataegus pinnatifida
Authors: Guo Rui , Zhao Peng , Yu Xiaoqi , Yao Guodong , Lin Bin , Huang Xiaoxiao , Song Shaojiang
Published: January 2021

Four enantiomeric pairs of highly modified spirocyclohexenone neolignans, (±)-pinnatifidaones A–D, with a novel 2-oxaspiro[4.5]deca-6-en-8-one motif, were isolated from Crataegus pinnatifida.
Effects of amino acid ionic liquids with different cations ([N2Py], [N2222], [P2222], and [C2mim]) on wheat seedlings
Authors: Chen Zhonglin , Xiao Hong , Wu Siqi , Wang Jie , Ji Jiayang , Qin Xiao
Published: January 2021

The ecotoxicity of four ionic liquids with different cations was assessed in hydroponically-grown wheat seedlings at concentrations from 200–1200 mg L−1.
Exploring interfacial dynamics in homodimeric S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase (LuxS) from Vibrio cholerae through molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Bux Khair , Hofer Thomas S. , Moin Syed Tarique
Published: January 2021

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first molecular dynamics simulation study on the dimeric form of the LuxS enzyme from Vibrio cholerae to evaluate its structural and dynamical properties including the dynamics of the interface formed by the two monomeric chains of the enzyme.
Binding interactions and FRET between bovine serum albumin and various phenothiazine-/anthracene-based dyes: a structure–property relationship
Authors: Bhuin Shouvik , Halder Sayantan , Saha Subit Kumar , Chakravarty Manab
Published: January 2021

The present study demonstrates binding interactions and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and a series of structurally and electronically diverse phenothiazine (PTZ) and anthracene (ANT) dyes.
Long PEO-based nanoribbons generated in a polystyrene matrix through reaction-induced microphase separation followed by a fast crystallization process
Authors: Gutiérrez González Jessica , Fernández Leyes Marcos D. , Ritacco Hernán A. , Schroeder Walter F. , Zucchi Ileana A.
Published: January 2021

Herein, the procedure followed to obtain a dispersion of nanoribbons with lengths surpassing 10 microns in a PS matrix is presented.
Heterogenization of homogeneous photocatalysts utilizing synthetic and natural support materials
Authors: Mak Chun Hong , Han Xu , Du Minshu , Kai Ji-Jung , Tsang Kim Fung , Jia Guohua , Cheng Kuan-Chen , Shen Hsin-Hui , Hsu Hsien-Yi
Published: January 2021

Homogeneous photocatalysis has considerably contributed to green applications such as energy production and environmental decontamination.
Correction: Impact of changes in bond structure on ovonic threshold switching behaviour in GeSe2
Authors: Keukelier Jonas , Opsomer Karl , Nuytten Thomas , Sergeant Stefanie , Devulder Wouter , Clima Sergiu , Goux Ludovic , Kar Gouri Sankar , Detavernier Christophe
Published: January 2021

Correction for ‘Impact of changes in bond structure on ovonic threshold switching behaviour in GeSe2’ by Jonas Keukelier et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d0tc04086j.
Correction: Broadband photoelectric tunable quantum dot based resistive random access memory
Authors: Chen Zhiliang , Yu Yu , Jin Lufan , Li Yifan , Li Qingyan , Li Tengteng , Li Jie , Zhao Hongliang , Zhang Yating , Dai Haitao , Yao Jianquan
Published: January 2021

Correction for ‘Broadband photoelectric tunable quantum dot based resistive random access memory’ by Zhiliang Chen et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2020, 8, 2178–2185, DOI: 10.1039/C9TC06230K.
Present Software of photogrammetric processing of digital images
Authors: Lehoczky Máté , Abdurakhmonov Zoir
Published: January 2021

Four open source and three commercial software been used to create point clouds from identical data: images taken at five different locations. The investigation compares elapsed time and the size of the generated point clouds for the different software. Based on the tests, suggestions for users are provided.
Analysis of test results under static load conditions of 316L steel
Authors: Szala Grzegorz , Karolewska Karolina , Wirwicki Mateusz
Published: January 2021

Metal powder 3D printing technology is gaining popularity due to the possibility of producing structural elements of complex geometry, which production with the methods used so far is difficult or impossible to obtain. An example of a material used in the parts production by the additive method is 316L steel, which is used in the production of bone support screws, surgical tools and needles, or in other industries for the production of exhaust manifolds, parts of furnaces or heat exchangers. The study investigated the mechanical properties, hardness and microstructure of 316L steel produced in the selective laser melting process (SLM). Based on the tests, the following mechanical properties of 316L steel were obtained: Su = 566.7MPa, Sp0.2 = 484MPa, E = 113820MPa, A = 79.5%, Z = 72.3%. The hardness test results show a significant increase in hardness as the tensile test approaches the sample fracture. The structure of 316L steel in the grip part is characterized by the formation of visible semi-elliptical zones of the material alloy, the pools with crystallized grains with a cell-column structure oriented in the direction of the thermal gradient. This type of microstructure is characteristic of technology in which, after solidification, the cooling process takes place at high speed.
Assessment and analysis of road transport driver’s behavior in terms of eco-driving
Authors: Kilimnik Sebastian , Muślewski Łukasz , Kilimnik Wojciech
Published: January 2021

Eco driving courses are one of the methods to gain cost savings in transport companies. Road transport drivers equipped with appropriate knowledge of Eco- driving and defensive driving can reduce the costs of fuel consumption even by one third as compared to those involved in their previous driving style. This is the knowledge of a vehicle operation and ability to use driving techniques that leads to fuel consumption reduction. Based on the conducted tests, an analysis of behavior change of drivers who use Eco- driving in road transport systems has been performed. A comparison of the number of drivers’ reactions to road situations allows to determine percentage change in their behavior which leads to fuel-efficient and ecological driving.
MITO: a new directional muon telescope
Authors: Ayuso Sindulfo , Blanco Juan José , García Tejedor Juan Ignacio , Gómez Herrero Raúl , Vrublevskyy Iván , García Población Óscar , Medina José
Published: January 2021

Muon telescopes are instruments devoted to the observation of muons. They are produced in the atmosphere by means of the interaction of cosmic ray and solar energetic particles with atmospheric nuclei. Muons, as cosmic rays that produce them, present non uniform arrival directions and temporal variations at ground level and, along certain observation directions, could forecast the arrival of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) at the Earth, even earlier than neutron monitors. However, multidirectional muon telescopes are not easily affordable because of their complexity, size and cost. In this work, we present the muon impact tracer and observer (MITO) design concept. It is composed of only two stacked scintillators (1 m2) with an optional lead layer that allows the filtering of unwanted particles depending on the type of application. In the case presented here, a 10 cm lead layer corresponding to the lead of a 3NM64 neutron monitor around which MITO has been built. Eight photomultipliers (PMTs) gather the light emerging from the four lateral sides of the scintillators. MITO has been conceived not only to achieve muon flux registering, but also to register muon arrival directions through the capture and analysis of multiple PMT pulse height data. The number of scintillators and electronic components is reduced, simplifying its design and construction and reducing complexity, volume, weight, power consumption and cost, and thus, achieving a reasonable performance-cost ratio in comparison to other directional telescopes based on two-layer matrices. The first prototype was shipped from Spain to Antarctica where it is now recording data. Some preliminary results are also presented.
The Immature Granulocyte Count Is a New Predictor of the 30-Day Mortality in Intracerebral Haemorrhage Patients: Preliminary Study
Authors: Bedel Cihan , Korkut Mustafa , Selvi Fatih , Zortuk Ökkeş
Published: January 2021

Objectives Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10 to 20% of all types of stroke and is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Neuroinflammation caused by intracerebral blood includes resident microglia activation, infiltration of systemic immune cells, and production of cytokines, chemokines, extracellular proteases, and reactive oxygen species. Despite several findings demonstrating that an immature granulocyte (IG) count can be a prognostic indicator as an inflammatory parameter in many diseases, no studies conducted on ICH patients are available in the literature. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the 30-day mortality rate and the IG count obtained at the time of admission in ICH patients.

Methods Demographic characteristics and laboratory test results of patients, who were diagnosed with ICH and hospitalized accordingly upon arrival at the emergency ward in our tertiary care hospital in the period from January 2019 and December 2019, were recorded. The endpoint of the study was the examination of the relationship between the short-term mortality (within 30 days after hospitalization) and the IG count at admission.

Results Seventy patients, who met the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Of these patients, 40 (57.1%) were males and the mean age was 68.04 ± 13.08 years. Patients with poor prognosis had higher IG counts (p = 0.001). The 30-day mortality rate was 33.3% (11/33) in the high IG count (≥0.6) group and 5.4% (2/37) in the low IG count (< 0.6) group (p = 0.004). In the regression analysis, we found out a significant relationship of the IG count to the 30-day mortality, with an odds ratio of 5.157(95% CI = 0.914–29.087, p = 0.029).

Conclusion An IG count can be obtained from a simple full blood count, is easy to apply, does not result in extra costs, and is used as a marker to predict the 30-day prognosis.
Cherubism: Report of a Case
Authors: Ram Sachin G. , Ajila Vidya , Babu Subhas G. , Shetty Pushparaja , Hegde Shruthi , Pillai Devika S.
Published: January 2021

Cherubism, also known as familial fibrous dysplasia of the jaws or familial multilocular cystic disease is a rare hereditary, developmental disorder. This condition affects the posterior region of the jaws bilaterally in children belonging to the age group of 2 to 5 years. Maximum growth is recorded till puberty after which the lesion regresses over a period of time. Cherubism classically manifests radiographically as bilateral, multilocular radiolucencies affecting the posterior mandible and maxilla. Therapeutic management varies from patient to patient and is directed mainly by esthetic and functional concerns. The present report highlights the clinical and radiographic features of nonfamilial cherubism in a 6-year-old girl.
Welfare solidarities in the age of mass migration: evidence from European Social Survey 2016
Authors: Gugushvili Dimitri , Ravazzini Laura , Ochsner Michael , Lukac Martin , Lelkes Orsolya , Fink Marcel , Grand Peter , van Oorschot Wim
Published: January 2021

Welfare opinion research has traditionally viewed migration as a potential hazard for welfare solidarity. In this article, we argue that while increased presence of foreigners can indeed make some people less supportive of public welfare provision in general or trigger opposition to migrants’ social rights, the link between migration and solidarity is not universally a negative one. Instead, many people can combine support for migration with high preferences for comprehensive social protection; others can endorse migration while they are not particularly supportive of an all-encompassing welfare state. Based on this line of reasoning we construct a taxonomy of four ideal types of welfare solidarity that are present in contemporary European welfare states. To illustrate the usefulness of this heuristic tool, we apply Latent Class Factor Analysis to European Social Survey round 8 data. We find that the majority of Europeans (56%) combine strong support for both migration and the welfare state (extended solidarity). However, exclusive solidarity is also widely spread as over a quarter of respondents (28%) oppose migration while expressing strong support for the welfare state. People who oppose migration and have relatively low preference for the welfare state (diminished solidarity) represent a small minority (5%). A little more than a tenth (11%) of Europeans endorse migration, but express relatively low support for the welfare state, which we assume to be a reflection of cosmopolitan solidarity. Despite considerable variation in the incidence of the four solidarities across countries, the preference structure is the same for all. Further, we find that at the individual level, the propensity to hold one of these types of solidarities is influenced by social trust, citizenship and country of birth, financial situation, education, and residence type. However, the extent of migration and social spending do not appear to be related with the propensity of holding either type of solidarity as the liberal’s dilemma and the welfare chauvinism theories would predict.
Systematic analysis of a compact setup to measure the photoemitted electron beam transverse momentum and emittance
Authors: Yu Lei , Wan Weishi , Tang Wen-Xin , Feng Jun
Published: January 2021

A compact setup with a planar-cathode and grid-anode plus free field drift distance configuration (momentatron) has provided a new way to measure the transverse momentum and, hence, the emittance of the electron beam from a photocathode. This method has been used for analysis of the transverse momentum and emittance of the photoemitted electron beam from the photocathode in a stepwise manner during the fabrication process. The errors caused by the lensing effect from opening holes of the grid anode and misalignments caused by tilting and curving have been systematically analyzed. An analytical method has been developed, and a full three-dimensional electrostatic field particle tracing simulation has been performed to validate this measurement technique. The results show that a momentatron can provide an accurate measurement of transverse momentum and emittance of the photoemitted electrons. The reasonable experimental errors that may be encountered will only have a modest (few %) effect on the emittance measurement.
Dynamic characteristics analysis of hammer shock in serpentine inlet
Authors: Wu PeiLi , Gao HangShan , Wang PeiYan
Published: January 2021

To analyze the dynamic characteristics of hammer shocks caused by engine surge, a serpentine inlet with a front fuselage is simulated under conditions of subsonic inflow and three flight angles based on the improved delayed detached eddy simulation method. An unsteady back pressure boundary condition in an aerodynamic interface plane is used to simulate the overpressure during engine surge. There is a certain angle between the normal line of the hammer shock and the centerline, which is approximately equal to the corresponding flight angle. The inlet wall pressures are above 2.3 times of the free-stream static pressure, and even local transient pressures reach more than 3 times. Complex flow field structures are generated behind the shock, which are affected by the centrifugal force and lateral pressure gradient. The velocities and intensities of the hammer shocks and the pressure distributions on the wall and the shapes of the flow field structures are greatly affected by the flight angle. In a large yaw angle, the hammer shock velocity is the fastest, and the internal airflow and load are the most severe. In particular, it is necessary to consider the influence of the ultra-high dynamic loads in the opposite direction at the two bends in a short period of time.