bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LAWYER SECRECY AS A GUARANTEE OF CONFIDENTIAL COMMUNICATION OF THE LAWYER WITH THE CLIENT
Authors: Bondar I. V. , Basyuk Yu. M.
Published: April 2023

The article examines issues related to the application of the principle of confidentiality of advocacy as one of the most important principles of the advocacy profession. The confidentiality of advocacy consists primarily in guaranteeing the confidentiality of the lawyer’s communication with the client. Such communication is special in nature and reflects the social purpose of advocacy in the civil society of a democratic state.
The article defines that the principle of confidentiality of the lawyer’s communication with the client is revealed through the concept of lawyer’s secrecy in the regulatory legal regulation of the lawyer’s activity. Lawyer secrecy is a type of professional secrecy. Its purpose is the nondisclosure of information that became known to the lawyer as a result of the client’s appeal to him, and the very fact of such an appeal. The specified information in its totality constitutes the subject of attorney’s secrecy.
The article proves that lawyer secrecy is not an absolute category and has its limits objectively recognized by the legislator. In modern conditions, such boundaries should be supplemented and detailed. Nevertheless, there are discussions in scientific circles about the character and nature of attorney’s secrecy as a guarantee of confidential communication between a lawyer and a client.
The article states that the cases of violation by lawyers of the principle of confidentiality of lawyer’s activity are not isolated. Cases of disclosure by a lawyer of information that is the subject of lawyer’s secrecy have a negative impact on the legal profession in general. Such cases should be minimized. For the act of disclosing information that is the subject of attorney’s secrets, the attorney must inevitably be subject to disciplinary liability.
The article proposes measures to strengthen control over lawyers’ observance of the principle of confidentiality of communication with the client by ensuring sufficient and proper conditions for storing information that is the subject of attorney’s secrecy.
Avaliação do estado de conservação de nascentes: estudo de caso em um território quilombola estabelecido na bacia do rio Fagundes, Areal – RJ
Authors: Soares Tainara Mendes de Andrade , Barros Júnior Wilmar Wan-De-Rey de
Published: April 2023

O presente estudo visou mapear as nascentes principais do território quilombola Boa Esperança para a avaliação macroscópica do estado de conservação das suas águas. Para isso foram utilizadas técnicas de geoprocessamento que possibilitaram localizar a área de estudo, identificar e delimitar as sub-bacias estudadas. Em seguida foi realizada uma correção nas feições baseada na análise visual das curvas de níveis sobrepostas na imagem aérea. Realizou-se uma incursão na região para verificar a proximidade dos dados produzidos com a realidade, bem como constatar através de parâmetros macroscópicos - cor, odor, lixo ao redor, materiais flutuantes, espumas, óleos, esgoto, vegetação, uso por animais, uso por humanos, proteção do local, proximidade com residências e estabelecimentos e tipo de área de inserção - o estado dos recursos hídricos identificados in loco. Como produto final foi obtido um mapa contendo um diagnóstico preliminar da situação hídrica local, que caracteriza os níveis de conservação e degradação das nascentes. Constatou-se que estas apresentam um grau elevado de degradação por manejo inadequado, demandando ações voltadas para conservação e recuperação das mesmas, com a finalidade de garantir o uso comum das águas.
Aqui somos todas Margaridas, ou quando a Vale não vale nada: um estudo sobre lideranças femininas e criminalização na Estrada de Ferro Carajás/MA
Authors: Souza Francisca Érica Dos Santos , Pantoja Vanda
Published: April 2023

O artigo analisa o processo de criminalização sofrido por lideranças femininas processadas pela empresa Vale S.A. em razão delas terem participado de protestos contra os efeitos da atividade de mineração em seus territórios, ao longo da Estrada de Ferro Carajás no estado do Maranhão. As ações dessas mulheres são analisadas à luz da noção de resistência, palavra utilizada por elas para definir suas ações. A pesquisa foi realizada tendo como fonte de coleta de dados as entrevistas com as lideranças que sofreram processos judiciais pela empresa Vale S.A, entre os períodos de 2013 e 2017, além de consulta bibliográfica sobre os efeitos da mineração na Amazônia e na América Latina. Os resultados apontam para um processo violento e contínuo de criminalização dos sujeitos que resistem às violações de direitos na luta por garantia do território.
Research and technology innovation, food security and economic growth in Nigeria: Implications for agripreneurs and policymakers
Authors:   Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Akinwale YO , Grobler WC ,   North West University
Published: April 2023

Population growth and more recently, the Covid-19 pandemic, have increased the number of severely food insecure people in sub-Saharan Africa. Food security is one of the most prominent tasks facing the global environment especially in Asia and Africa. With the increase in the population, drought, floods, disease outbreaks, poor farm network systems, water poverty, weak political and economic institutions, selfish leadership and economic challenges in Africa, the food security crisis appears to be an important issue that will require strategic and urgent attention. There is no doubt that traditional ways of farming are not sustainable in Africa because the land available for agriculture reduces as the population increases over time. Investment in new technologies is one of the strategies to improve farm yields and livestock outputs, and reduces the risk and negative effects of weather. The role of agripreneurship, in this context, towards ensuring food security cannot be underestimated. This study is quantitative research which analyses the historical and current time series data in order to predict the future event using inferential statistics. This study investigates the relationship between food security (FST), agricultural research and technology innovation (RTI) and economic growth (GDP) in Nigeria between 1980 and 2018. The study utilizes cointegration and causality tests to determine the long run relationship among the variables and their causal directions so as to know which variable caused the others. Understanding this relationship among the variables and causal direction are vital to making appropriate suggestions for policy makers. The results of the Johansen cointegration test reveals an existence of a long run relationship between the three series (FST, RTI, GDP). The results of vector error correction model indicate a short run causality from GDP to FST and RTI, respectively. Furthermore, the results of long run causality show two-way causality between FST and RTI, one-way causality from GDP to FST and RTI without feedback. This implies that when the economic activities improve in Nigeria in the short run, this engenders agricultural technology innovation deployment in the country which facilitates food security in the long run, while food security also facilitates agricultural technology innovation. The two-way causality between RTI and FST established in this study implies that increase in agricultural research investment would improve food security and vice versa. Thus, government and other private players such as agripreneurs in agricultural sector should intensify their spending in agricultural research on the one hand, and government should also provide appropriate incentives to motivate private stakeholders for agricultural R&D investment on the other hand. Key words: Research and technology innovation, agripreneurship, food security, economic growth, Nigeria
Nutritional status assessment and intervention with a red palm oil biscuit among pre-school children attending informal crèches, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors:   Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Opperman M M , Olivier L
Published: April 2023

Little information is available on the nutritional and health status of pre-school children attending informal crèches. The study aimed to determine the status of blood carotenoid, vitamin E, inflammatory markers and omega-3 fatty acids in children attending crèches in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Baseline measurements were followed by an intervention to determine the effect of a biscuit baked with red palm oil (RPO) shortening on these parameters. Forty-seven (n=47) children were randomly assigned to a RPO (Group A) (n=25) and non-RPO (Group B) (n=22) group. Group A received biscuits providing carotenoids, tocotrienols and α-tocopherol while Group B biscuits provided only tocotrienols and α-tocopherol. Biscuits were distributed daily during the school week. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, 3 months and 6 months during intervention as well as 6 months post intervention. At baseline, children showed a mild (10%) vitamin A deficiency, severe vitamin E deficiency (69%) while 98% presented with omega-3 fatty acid indexes below 8%. For vitamin E data was pooled as both groups received similar amounts of vitamin E while no significant differences were observed between the groups during the intervention. Significant increases (p ≤ 0.05) in α-tocopherol levels were observed in both groups at 3-, 6- and 6- months post intervention. Deficiency levels declined to 10% and 0% at 6- and 6-months post, respectively. In group A, plasma α-carotene levels (p ≤ 0.05) increased significantly from baseline (0.04 μmol/L; 95% CI: 0.03 – 0.06) at 3 (0.36 μmol/L; 95% CI: 0.29 – 0.45) and 6 months (0.48 μmol/L; 95% CI: 0.39 – 0.60). Similar significant (p ≤ 0.05) results were observed for plasma β-carotene levels (3 months (0.31 μmol/L; 95% CI: 0.27 – 0.40) and 6 months (0.33 μmol/L; 95% CI: 0.28 – 0.40). Consumption of a biscuit baked with RPO can play a significant role in alleviating vitamin E deficiency and can significantly increase plasma α- and β-carotene levels in pre-school children. Key words: Vitamin A, carotenoids, vitamin E, CRP, IL-6, fortification, omega-3 fatty acids
Impact assessment of cooperatives on food security among catfish farming households in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors:   Federal University of Agriculture, Oke FO FO , Kareem IA IA , Bamigbade-Sanni SA , Akerele D , Oose MO
Published: April 2023

Lack of agricultural credit has remained a major constraint to production in agriculture. The role of cooperatives particularly among farming households in expanding productivity and eventually ensuring food security cannot be overstated. This study examined food security status and its determinants among catfish farming households in Oyo State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select 120 catfish farming households. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) household food security model and logit regression. Results from this study showed that the average household head in the study area was 43 years old. The majority (82.4%) were married with an average household size of 5 persons. The catfish farmers were highly educated with 91.8% having a formal education. The majority (93.5%) had a farming experience of 1-2 years and less than half (42.5%) had access to extension services. About two-thirds of the farmers were members of a cooperative society out of which 52.5% were loan beneficiaries. In terms of food security status, 38.3% of the households were highly food secure, 21.7% were marginally food secure, 13.3% had low food security status and 26.7% of the households were very low food secure. Food insecurity exists among the catfish farming households as a cumulative percentage of 40% were food insecure. Household food security status in the study area as modelled by the logit regression was determined by educational qualification (p<0.05), household size (p<0.01), farming experience (p<0.01), income (p<0.01) and cooperative members that were loan beneficiaries (p<0.01). This study recommended that efforts and policies should be directed towards timely loan accessibility to farmers to address their resource acquisition challenges and eventually improve food security status. Awareness should also be created to encourage farmers to organize themselves into groups and also be members of a cooperative society. Key words: cooperatives, catfish, food security, households, loan, USDA, assessment, farming
Analysis of options for reducing the duration of simultaneous operations in plastic surgery
Authors: Zotov V. A. , Safarova A. S. , Popov K. O.
Published: April 2023

The main problem of simultaneous operations is their duration, which, as a rule, is more than 4 hours, which exceeds the allowable time and often causes complications in the postoperative period. Aim of the study was to evaluate the eﬀectiveness of simultaneous operations performed by two surgical teams simultaneously. Material and methods. The object of the study was 24 patients aged 25 to 55 years, who simultaneously underwent classical abdominoplasty with navel transposition and anchor breast lift on implants by one and two surgical teams. The evaluation and comparison of the duration of surgical interventions according to the data of anesthesia charts have been carried out. Further, the assessment of the condition of patients before surgery and for 1 day in the postoperative period was carried out using the questionnaire for assessing the quality of recovery after anesthesia (QOR-40, quality of recovery 40-item questionnaire).Results and discussion. Performing abdominoplasty simultaneously with the correction of the shape and volume of the mammary glands by two surgical teams simultaneously reduces the duration of the intervention by 27 % on average, and therefore the quality of recovery of patients in the postoperative period is signifcantly higher. Prolonged exposure to general anesthesia and other potentially dangerous intraoperative conditions (for example, blood loss, hypotension, hypothermia, infections) interfere with the maintenance of physiological homeostasis by the body. And, therefore, reducing the time of surgery is important to reduce the frequency of complications. In order to minimize the operation time in combined cases of abdominoplasty and breast plastic surgery, it is logical to involve two operating teams at the same time, which reduces the total operating time to 3 hours. Conclusions. Today one of the main methods of solving problems associated with the duration of complex simultaneous operations is the simultaneous coordinated work of two surgical teams to minimize the duration of intervention and reduce postoperative complications.
The quality of medical care in a round-the-clock hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Usacheva E. V. , Kulikova O. M. , Svechkar P. E. , Semenikhina M. V.
Published: April 2023

Violations in the provision of medical care are detected by controlling the volume, timing, quality and conditions of medical care. The objective of the work is assessment of the activities of the round-the-clock hospital from the standpoint of the quality of medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. A database of indicators reﬂecting the activity of round-the-clock hospital for four years, from 2017 to 2020 (Omsk) was formed. Analytical, statistical methods and the method of expert assessments were used to analyze the required indicators. Results. Evaluation of inpatient hospital activities during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the “pre-pandemic” years showed a 1.9-fold and 2.9-fold decrease in the total number of quality examinations performed and the number of defects detected, respectively. The number of defects that were grounds for denial or reduction of payment for medical care found in the “before-COVID-19” years was 2.1 times higher than in 2020. In 2020, the weight of the share of those defects that directly reﬂect the quality of medical care increased signifcantly. The quantitative composition of the inpatient hospital staﬀ changed insignifcantly during the analyzed period – the number of physicians increased  by only 5 % over four years, with no dynamics in the qualitative characteristics of the staﬀ. The number of medical equipment increased by 27.6 %. Due to re-profling in 2020, there was a decrease in the number of hospitalized patients, with an increase in the proportion of patients admitted by emergency care (up to 91 %) and an increase in mortality by 2.7 times. Conclusions. One of the conditions for maintaining high quality of medical care is a balance between the main components of quality: accessibility, timeliness, sufciency, efciency and safety and the speed of its achievement, which in turn depends on the amount of resources and reserves.
Ewolucja regulacji prawnych kąpielisk w II Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Bobkier Robert
Published: April 2023

Po odzyskaniu przez Polskę w 1918 r. niepodległości podjęto szereg działań legislacyjnych mających na celu unormowanie zagadnień związanych z kąpieliskami. W polskim języku prawnym termin kąpielisko posiadał w okresie międzywojennym dwa znaczenia: sanitarne – zakładów kąpielowych (publicznych łaźni, miejsc utrzymania higieny) oraz miejsc, miejscowości wypoczynku nad wodą. Regulacje prawne miały w szczególności na celu unifikację pięciu pozaborczych systemów prawnych w jeden system. Wyjątkowe opóźnienia cywilizacyjne występowały na obszarze dawnego zaboru rosyjskiego. Szczególne przepisy obowiązywały w zakresie zakładów kąpielowych rytualnych dla ludności żydowskiej. Ustawa o uzdrowiskach z 1922 r. przewidywała szczególny reżim prawny dla kąpielisk morskich. Kolejnym źródłem regulacji było rozporządzenie o urządzeniu i utrzymywaniu zakładów kąpielowych publicznych z 1922 r., które regulowało, w ramach jednego aktu prawnego, tak „kąpieliska” w dzisiejszym znaczeniu tego słowa, jak i zespoły urządzeń sanitarnych służące utrzymaniu higieny. Kolejny ważny krok stanowiła ustawa wodna z 1922 r., która nie zawierała definicji legalnej terminu „kąpielisko”, ustanawiając jedynie zasadę powszechnego dostępu do wód publicznych. Ustawa ta wprowadziła, obowiązującą do dziś w kolejnych ustawach Prawo wodne, zasadę uzyskania zgody organów wodnoprawnych na otwarcie kąpieliska. Najpełniejsza w II Rzeczypospolitej regulacja kąpielisk w zbiornikach słodkowodnych i słonowodnych zawarta została w przepisach rozporządzenia o zakładach kąpielowych z 1936 r. Ten akt prawny obowiązywał już na obszarze całego kraju i regulował wszelkie instytucje kąpielowe, przeznaczone do publicznego użytku dla celów higienicznych, sportowych, a także rytualnych. W porządku prawnym Polskiej Rzeczpospolitej Ludowej oraz III RP kąpielisko występowało jako pojęcie wieloznaczne, odnoszące się zarówno do urządzenia sanitarnego, jak i miejsca do pływania do roku 1998.
„Twarda kobieta w męskim świecie” czy wrażliwa romantyczka? Helena Anna z Weilów Geyer w świetle swoich spisanych wspomnień
Authors: Staniszewska Aleksandra
Published: April 2023

Celem artykułu jest próba ukazania prywatnego życia Heleny Anny z Weilów Geyer (1855–1935) w świetle jej wspomnień oraz znalezienie odpowiedzi na tytułowe pytanie. Kobieta, która urodziła się w ziemiańskiej rodzinie Weilów, w młodym wieku obdarzyła, początkowo nieodwzajemnionym, uczuciem szwagra swojej siostry – Gustawa Geyera, członka zamożnej rodziny burżuazyjnej. Po latach nieszczęśliwej miłości zbliżyła się do ukochanego, który wkrótce został jej mężem. Małżeństwo z synem Ludwika Geyera wymogło na Helenie zmianę otoczenia. Przenosiny z rodzinnego majątku do rozwijającej się przemysłowej Łodzi spowodowały, że musiała przywyknąć do wielkomiejskiej rzeczywistości. O tym, jak (i czy w ogóle) odnajdowała się w nowej sytuacji, opowiedziała w spisanych po latach wspomnieniach. Wspomnienia H.A. Geyer są świadectwem osoby, która doświadczyła zarówno życia ziemiańskiego, jak i życia bogatej burżuazji. Zderzenie obu światów unaocznia czytelnikowi, jak wymagające dla jednostki było życie w XIX-wiecznej metropolii. Niestety, świat łódzkiej burżuazji okazał się również bardzo brutalny dla wrażliwej H.A. Geyer.
Babür İmparatorluğu’nda Padişah Unvanları ve “Gazi” Padişahlar
Authors: MERAL Vedat
Published: April 2023

Tarihte, hangi Türk devletinde olursa olsun tahta çıkan erkek ya da kadın hükümdarlar, hükümranlıklarının bir alameti olarak kendilerine “Hakan, Kağan, İlteber, Yabgu, Şah, Şehinşah, Han ve Sultan” gibi çeşitli unvanlar vermiştir. Bu unvanların yanı sıra bazı Türk hükümdarlar ise Hindistan’da üç asırdan fazla hüküm süren Türk devleti Babürlüler (1526-1858) de olduğu gibi isimlerinden ziyade genellikle kişisel unvanları ile zikredilmiştir. Öte yandan, İslam dini veya kutsal bir ülkü uğruna savaşanları ifade etmek maksadıyla kullanılan “Mücâhid” kelimesinin bir karşılığı olarak Türkler de kendilerine aynı anlama gelen “Gazi” unvanını atfetmiştir. Türk devletleri tarihine bakıldığında bu unvan, girilen savaşlardan sağ olarak geri gelenler için kullanılmıştır. Dolayısıyla din ve devlet uğruna gaza edip girdiği mücadelelerden muzaffer olarak ayrılan pek çok Türk hükümdarı gibi bazı Babürlü padişahları da “Gazi” unvanını almıştır. Bu bakımdan çalışmamızda; Hindistan’da hüküm sürmüş son Türk devleti Babürlüler de, hükümdarların kullanmış oldukları genel ve kişisel unvanlar ile birlikte gazilik unvanına erişmiş padişahlar hakkında bilgiler verilmiş, ayrıca araştırmamızla bu alanda yapılacak bilimsel çalışmalara katkıda bulunulması amaçlanmıştır.
Psikanalitik Edebiyat Eleştirisi Açısından Kar ve İnci Romanı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: USLUCAN Fikret , ARSLAN Abdurrahman
Published: April 2023

Sigmund Freud, hastalarını tedavi etmek için kullandığı teknikleri bir süre sonra beklenmedik bir şekilde sanat eserlerine de yöneltmiştir. Freud’un 19. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru Leonardo da Vinci ve Dostoyevski gibi sanatçıların eserleri ve şahsiyetleri üzerine yaptığı bu girişim, psikanalitik edebiyat kuramının/eleştirisinin de ortaya çıkmasına vesile olmuştur. Multidisipliner bir alanı ifade eden psikanalitik edebiyat eleştirisine zamanla Carl Gustav Jung, Alfred Adler, Rollo May ve Otto Rank gibi isimler de katkı yapmışlardır.
Psikanalitik edebiyat eleştirisi, ortaya koyduğu teorilerle özel bir saha olan edebiyat psikolojisinin de dikkatini çekmiştir. Edebiyat psikolojisi, ortak noktaları insan olan edebiyat ve psikolojinin birbirlerinden faydalanmasını ifade etmektedir. Bu iki bilim sahasını ilgilendiren ortak kuramlarla eser, yazar, şair, okur ve yazma süreci gibi konular ele alınmaktadır. Bir eser ortaya koyan yazar, tip ya da karakter olarak psikanalitik kuram ve tekniklerle çözümlenebilmektedir. Aynı zamanda, edebi eserlerde psikolojik tip ve temalar, bu tekniklerle ele alınabilmektedir. Ayrıca, edebiyat ve eserlerin okurlar üzerindeki tesiri, aynı psikanalitik yöntemlerle incelenebilmektedir. Edebiyat psikolojisinin inceleme konuları, bu şekilde çeşitlilik gösterse de edebiyat psikolojisiyle ilgilenen edebiyat araştırmacılarının yazar, şair ve okur şahsiyetinden ziyade psikanalitik kuram ve yöntemleri kullanarak edebi eserleri incelemeleri daha makul karşılanmaktadır.
Muadil bir insan ve dolayısıyla muadil bir dünya kurgulamaya çalışan edebi eserlerin dile ait araçlarla oluşturduğu tüm unsurlar, psikanalitik edebiyat kuramının araştırma sahasına girmektedir. Bu anlamda gerçek dünyadaki insanın buhranlarına çözüm bulmaya çalışan psikanaliz, edebi eserlerdeki karakterlerin de daha detaylı bir şekilde anlaşılabilmesi için yeni kapılar aralayabilmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, psikolojinin sunduğu imkânların ayırdında olan Nihan Kaya’nın Kar ve İnci romanı ele alınmıştır. Sanatın pratiği yanında teorisine de kafa yoran Kaya’nın bu eserini psikanalitik yöntemlerle incelerken yazarın şahsi hayatından ziyade eser karakterlerine odaklanılmıştır. Odak noktasında insan olan bu çalışmada, tek bir teorisyenin kuramlarıyla değil karakter davranışlarının işaret ettiği kuramlara göre farklı farklı psikanalitik tekniklere müracaat edilmiştir.
Una biblioteca regalista en la Córdoba de fines del siglo XVIII : las lecturas jurídicas del obispo Ángel Mariano Moscoso
Authors: Llamosas Esteban F.
Published: April 2023

Esta investigación trata sobre las lecturas jurídicas del decimoséptimo obispo del Tucumán, el arequipeño Ángel Mariano Moscoso, quien gobernó la diócesis en un tiempo de importantes cambios administrativos y políticos. Sucesor de fray José Antonio de San Alberto cuando este fue promovido al Arzobispado de Charcas, de estrechos lazos con el deán Gregorio Funes, quien se consideró «el testigo doméstico de su vida, el depositario de sus confianzas y el cooperador, aunque indigno, de su ministerio», resulta interesante conocer los libros de derecho presentes en su biblioteca, en busca de indicios sobre las autoridades que orientaron su labor de gobierno.
Las Temporalidades de Salta
Authors: Bisio de Orlando Raquel
Published: April 2023

Se designa como temporalidades a los bienes de la Compañía de Jesús incautados por la Corona al producirse su expulsión de España y América en virtud del Real Decreto del 27 de febrero de 1767, dictado por Carlos III.
La orden apócrifa de 1810 sobre comercio libre en América. Lectura histórico-jurídica
Authors: Martínez Fernando
Published: April 2023

El objeto de mi intervención es el de traer a colación el examen de una norma non nata atinente a la liberalización del comercio activo con los extranjeros, la Real Orden de 17 de mayo de 1810, atribuida al Consejo de Regencia, cuyo mérito principal consistía en excepcionar provisionalmente, y atendidas las dificilísimas circunstancias por las que atravesaba la Nación, las prescripciones contenidas en las Leyes de Indias en las que, como es bien sabido, se prohibía muy estrechamente el comercio activo de extranjeros en puertos americanos.
Los registros de la propiedad eclesiástica según la legislación sinodal de la Arquidiócesis de la Plata (Chuquisaca)
Authors: Dellaferrera Nélson C.
Published: April 2023

Civilistas y canonistas han destacado que la Iglesia fue pionera en lo que hoy se denomina «Registro del estado civil de la personas». Menos conocida, sin embargo, es la normativa de los concilios y sínodos para sujetar «el patrimonio eclesiástico a estrecha vigilancia y ordenación jurídica».
Ideas penales del fiscal de la Audiencia de Buenos Aires Francisco Manuel de Herrera (1790-1799)
Authors: Levaggi Abelardo
Published: April 2023

Francisco Manuel de Herrera nació en Málaga en 1741. Perteneció a una familia andaluza de funcionarios de la Corona. Fue su padre Antonio de Herrera y Navarro, natural de Cádiz, caballero de la orden de Santiago, distinción que él heredó; su abuelo, Francisco Manuel de Herrera y Suárez de Toledo, oriundo de Arcos de la Frontera, ocupó una plaza de consejero de Guerra, y fue su bisabuelo Juan de Herrera Mirabel natural de Jerez de la Frontera. Uno de sus primos, Rafael Antúñez, integró el Consejo de Indias.
La mesadura en Indias. Un trasplante jurídico-cultural (siglos XVI-XVII)
Authors: Porro N. R.
Published: April 2023

El conquistador, ese «alucinado que combina las experiencias y afanes cotidianos con los recuerdos y fantasías del pasado», llega a Indias con un bagaje de palabras y de gestos que aplica a realidades semejantes o utiliza en otro contexto y comúnmente adapta. Si se trata de gestos, no debe extrañarnos que un disparador de analogías entre lo medieval y lo indiano pueda ser la reiteración en estas tierras de acciones que se centran en la mesadura de cabello y barbas, ya propios, ya ajenos.
El estatuto jurídico de los beneméritos de Indias. Notas para su estudio
Authors: Lira Montt Luis
Published: April 2023

Escasos son los estudios publicados sobre los Beneméritos de Indias en la historiografía hispanoamericana. Si bien historiadores de renombre los mencionan en sus obras como individuos que ocuparon un relevante lugar en la estructuración social y política de la América española, se echan de menos trabajos monográficos que los aborden como tema central de investigación histórica. A través de la presente ponencia, a manera de contribución a esta tarea, intentaré reseñar una especie de compendio de las investigaciones que en forma recurrente he venido realizando sobre la materia.
La prohibición del matrimonio del funcionario con mujer de la provincia en la que sirve : del Derecho Romano al Derecho Indiano
Authors: Cuena Boy Francisco
Published: April 2023

En su Política Indiana, Solórzano Pereyra consagra un extenso capítulo a la explicación de «la estrecha prohibición de los casamientos de los virreyes, presidentes, oidores y demás ministros de las Audiencias de las Indias, de sus hijos e hijas, dentro de los distritos de ellas».
Los decretos criollos del Conde del Venadito (1816-1821)
Authors: del Arenal Fenochio Jaime
Published: April 2023

El gobierno encabezado por don Juan Ruiz de Apodaca y Eliza (1816-1821), sexagésimo primero y último virrey de la Nueva España, no es solamente uno de los más importantes para la historia de la América Septentrional, sino, paradójicamente, uno de los más desconocidos. La ignorancia acerca de la misión que lo trajo a esta parte del Imperio Español comienza con la leyenda misma, al suponer en el Conde del Venadito, una debilidad, una falta de conocimientos y una inexperiencia que estuvo muy lejos de poseer.
Los juristas indianos : apuntes someros sobre sus alcances, vidas y obras
Authors: Basadre Ayulo Jorge
Published: April 2023

El doctor Ignacio de Aibar y Eslava, fue Caballero de la Orden de Santiago, fiscal protector de la Real Audiencia de Quito, su patria, y oidor en 1689. Estudió en Lima en el Colegio de San Martín y en la Universidad de San Marcos.
Los juicios de la monja Dominga Gutiérrez (Arequipa, Perú, 1831)
Authors: Guevara Gil Armando
Published: April 2023

Arequipa, 6 de marzo de 1831. Dominga Beatriz del Corazón de Jesús, monja de clausura del Convento de Santa Teresa de las Carmelitas Descalzas, reniega de su vida retirada y trama un ardid para lograr su libertad. Con la ayuda de sus sirvientas, al cobijo de la noche, introduce un cadáver a su celda, le prende fuego y fuga del convento.
Réflexions sur l'avenir de la didactique du français langues étrangères: sous la didactique des langues étrangères face à l'évolution des technologies
Authors:   Société d’Etudes Franco-coréennes, KIM Hee-Kyung
Published: April 2023

Depuis le début de l'année 2020, le covid-19 s'est propagé dans le monde. Pour ne pas être contaminés par ce virus, les gens restent très attentifs, en pratiquant la distanciation physique et sociale. En effet, leur vie quotidienne se déroule petit à petit en ligne et des enseignements ou formations y sont poursuivis. D'ailleurs, l'utilisation des outils numériques et les technologies de l'intelligence artificielle sont hâtivement développées. Il est ainsi intéressant de prévoir la didactique du FLE(français langue étrangère) face à ce mouvement. Nous avons d'abord étudié la notion de technologie puis l'historique des théories de l'apprentissage afin de récapituler le changement de l'enseignement des langues étrangères centré sur l'intégration des technologies. A partir de ce constat, nous avons discuté des rôles de l'enseignant et de l'apprenant et aussi des contenus d'apprentissage du FLE à l'ère de l'intelligence artificielle et du métavers.
What Factors Affect Hedging? Empirical Evidance from Indonesia
Authors: Fajri Mega Barokatul , Putro Guruh Marhaenis Handoko , Bait Jennifer Farihatul , Megasyara Ira
Published: April 2023

This research aims to analyze each of the operational and financial factors that can be used as variables influencing decisions and the intensity of hedging. There are two test analysis model used in this study, the first to test the company decision to hedge as a measured by using dummy variables and the second model is used to test the intensity of the company in hedging as measured by the ratio of derivative and natural logarithm of derivative. By using Probit and Tobit regression, the results of the logistic regression test show that financial factors such as financial distress, and leverage, and so operational factors such as foreign sales variables did not influence the firm's decisions and intensity in carrying out hedging activities. Foreign debt variables, profitability, and firm size that include financial factors have a positive influence on company decisions and intensity in carrying out hedging decisions, while the last part of financial factors such as growth opportunity variables only has a positive effect on company decisions in carrying out hedging activities and have no effect on the intensity of firms in hedging activities. The liquidity variable has a negative influence on the decisions and intensity of the company in conducting hedging activities. The originality of this study lies in the intensity factor of the use of hedging on the company's operations and finances in hedging, whereas in previous studies only focused on the influence of factors that can influence hedging decisions.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Araştırma, Gelişmelere ve Lisansüstü Eğitime Yönelik Farkındalık ve Tutumları
Authors: YILMAZ Dilek , UZELLİ YILMAZ Derya , GÜNEY Bahar Gülşah , KUTLU Münevver
Published: April 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin araştırma, gelişmelere ve lisansüstü eğitime yönelik farkındalık ile tutumlarını belirlemek ve bunu etkileyen değişkenleri incelemektir. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte yapılan bu araştırmanın örneklemini, Aralık 2022- Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında Marmara bölgesinde bulunan bir devlet üniversitesinin hemşirelik bölümünde öğrenim gören ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 360 öğrenci oluşturdu. Araştırmanın verileri “Öğrenci Tanıtım Formu”, “Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Araştırmaya, Gelişmelere Farkındalığı ve Tutumu Ölçeği” ve “Lisansüstü Eğitime Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” ile toplanıldı. Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelik öğrencilerinin yaş ortalamasının 20,07±2,04 yıl olduğu, %68,6’sının mesleği isteyerek seçtiği, %74,7’sinin lisansüstü eğitim almayı düşündüğü, %69,4’ünün mesleki bilimsel araştırma faaliyetlerine katıldığı ve %7,8’inin bilimsel bir araştırma sürecinde yer aldığı belirlendi. Öğrencilerin; Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Araştırmaya, Gelişmelere Farkındalığı ve Tutumu Ölçeği’nden aldıkları toplam puan ortalaması 87,47±11,77, Lisansüstü Eğitime Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği’nden aldıkları toplam puan ortalaması ise 53,21±16,15 olarak saptandı. Lisansüstü eğitim almak isteyen, mesleki yayınları takip eden öğrencilerin araştırma, gelişmelere yönelik tutumlarının diğer öğrencilere göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu bulundu. Mesleğini isteyerek seçen, lisansüstü eğitim almak isteyen, mesleki yayınları takip eden ve bilimsel bir araştırma sürecinde yer alan öğrencilerin de lisansüstü eğitime yönelik tutumlarının diğer öğrencilere göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu görüldü. Ayrıca, Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Araştırmaya, Gelişmelere Farkındalığı ve Tutumu Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması ile Lisansüstü Eğitime Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptandı (P
Prevalence of diseases leading to upper flaccid para-monoparesis syndrome
Authors: Vorobyov Alexander A. , Andryushenko Fedor A. , Volynets Irina V. , Zozulya Evgeny Yu. , Hubutia Bidzina N. , Gorelik Ilya M.
Published: April 2023

In this study, we analyzed and summarized statistical literature data on the prevalence of diseases corresponding to the symptom complex of upper flaccid paramonoparesis in general and data provided from official reports of healthcare institutions in the Republic of Tatarstan and the Volgograd region in particular, in which the EXAR-34 exoskeleton can be used for orthotics. The results obtained can be taken as the basis for the possibility of introducing the EXAR-34 exoskeleton into production, as the only passive exoskeleton model produced in the Russian Federation by the INNOMED LLC enterprise for medical purposes.
Effect of aminalon and picamilon on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in pancreatic cells during alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tyurenkov Ivan N. , Velikorodnaya Yuliya I. , Bakulin Dmitry A. , Smirnov Alexey V.
Published: April 2023

It has been suggested that NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) activation is a critical trigger for functional impairment and damage to pancreatic -cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). In this work, using the immunohistochemical method, we studied the effect of aminalon and picamilon on the early modulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activity during experimental alloxan-induced DM in laboratory rats. Per os administration of aminalon (500 mg/kg) and picamilon (250 mg/kg) for 5 days before the administration of alloxan and for 2 days after the injection, suppression of NLRP3 activity was noted, as indicated by a significant decrease in the area of immunopositive pancreatocytes to (21,30 5,44) and (39,31 5,24) %, respectively, relative to the value in the group of animals that were not treated (75,197,69%). The results of the study showed that the studied preparations with GABAergic action promoted correction of functional disorders of the pancreas during alloxan-induced DM by inhibiting activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in pancreatocytes.
Pharmacokinetic properties of the compound RU-891 with repeated administration
Authors: Smirnova Lyudmila A. , Spasov Alexander A. , Gaidukova Ksenia A. , Sirotenko Viktor S. , Kucheryavenko Aida F. , Velikopolskaya Maria V.
Published: April 2023

In experiments on rats, the pharmacokinetics of compound RU-891 was studied with single and multiple intravenous administration. Data on the linear dependence of pharmacokinetic parameters are obtained. The approximation coefficient is set equal to 0.9779. Changes in pharmacokinetic parameters with a three-time administration were not detected.
Functional condition of microcirculation in the zone of intestinal anastomosis during postoperative period upon stimulation of its regeneration (experimental study)
Authors: Poroyskiy Sergey V. , Morozov Egor A.
Published: April 2023

Objectives: to conduct a comparative assessment of the functional condition of microcirculation of the digestive anastomosis zone in the early and delayed postoperative period upon local usage of autogenic growth factors (PRP). The experiment was performed on 30 mature laboratory rabbits. All animals underwent the imposition of two digestive "end-to-end" intestinal anastomosis: the control one at a distance of 15 cm from the ileocecal angle and the experimental one retreating 30 cm from the imposed anastomosis. The experimental anastomosis differed from the control one by using a method of local stimulation of its regeneration via injecting of platelet-riched-plasm (PRP). A comparative assessment of the functional state of the microcirculation of the intestinal anastomosis zone was carried out on the 3rd, 7th, 14th days in the postoperative period using the method of laser doppler flowmetry (LDF). The obtained data determined the ability of the PRP method to improve the conditions of the regenerative process in the intestinal anastomosis zone by increasing the rate of basal blood flow and tissue perfusion, the rates of which have maximum values in the early postoperative period (3 day).
The influence of concomitant extragenital pathology on the success of assisted reproductive technology procedures in women (according to clinics of the Volgograd region)
Authors: Rogova Lyudmila N. , Lipov Danil S. , Tikhaeva Ksenia Yu. , Mukhina Anna V. , Kornev Andrey V. , Churzin Danila A.
Published: April 2023

At the moment, the problem of infertility does not lose its relevance. In the structure of this disease, the violation of reproductive function in women is dominant. The present study is devoted to the study of the influence of concomitant extragenital pathology on the success of assisted reproductive technology procedures. The data of 184 women who underwent infertility treatment by ART methods in clinics of the Volgograd region in the period from 2015 to 2020 were analyzed. The following parameters of the patients were studied: age, gynecological history, the main cause of infertility, transferred diseases of non-productive organs, the protocol of ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins, the number of mature follicles by the end of stimulation, the number of received, fertilized eggs, the number of embryos by day 3, 5. It has been established that concomitant extragenital pathology affects the processes of folliculogenesis and qualitatively affects oogenesis.
SULTAN II. MURÂD’IN “ŞERH EYLEMEZ” REDİFLİ GAZELİ’NİN ŞERHİ
Authors: ZAVOTÇU Gencay , EKŞİ Melike Aslıhan
Published: April 2023

Sultan I. Mehmed’in oğlu olan ve çocukluğu Amasya’da geçen II. Murad, babasıyla birlikte 1410. yılında Bursa’ya gitti. Devrin tanınmış bilgini İbn Arabşah’dan iyi bir eğitim aldı. On iki yaşında Rum vilâyeti beyliğiyle Amasya’ya gönderildi. Babasının 1421’de ölümü üzerine 6. Osmanlı padişahı oldu. Hükümdarlığı süresince önemli savaşlar yaptı, kazandığı bu savaşlar sonucu Osmanlı Devleti’nin Avrupa’da genişleyip büyümesini sağladı. Hareketli geçen ömrü 1451’de, yakalandığı bir hastalık sonucu noktalandı. Hayır işlerine düşkünlüğü nedeniyle sağlığında Ebülḫayrât lakabı ile anıldı. Şair, yazar ve sanatçıları koruyup gözeten bir sultandı. Saza, söze ve eğlenceye düşkünlüğü Türk Mûsîkîsi üzerinde değerli eserler yazılmasına neden oldu. Zamanında Arapça ve Farsça’dan pek çok eser açık ve anlaşılır bir dille Türkçe’ye çevrildi. Şiir de yazdı, Osmanlı sultanları içinde ilk şiir söyleyen odur. Murâd ve Murâdî mahlaslarıyla yazdığı şiirlerinde ince aşk duygularına, rindâne ve dervişâne söyleyişlere yer verdi. Onun zamanında Edirne sarayında haftada iki gün olmak üzere şiir ve eğlence meclisleri düzenlendi, Edirne Sarayı bir edebiyat ve kültür merkezi özelliği kazandı. Bir dîvânının olduğu söylense de araştırmalar sonucu bu dîvânın III. Murâd’a ait olduğu anlaşıldı. Bu yazıda Murâdî mahlasıyla şiirler yazan Sultan II. Murâd’ın “şerh eylemez” redifli gazeli beyit beyit düzyazıya çevrilip açıklanacak, söz ve mana ilişkisi irdelenip incelenecektir. Varsa, sanatlar da tespit edilip belirtilecektir.
Understanding the management of brachial plexus birth palsy and the roles of nerve transfers
Authors: Chen Wendy , Keyho Ryan , Gharboui Idris
Published: April 2023

Early recognition and management of neonatal brachial plexus injury (NBPP) is key to optimizing outcomes and surgical options. Because up to a third of patients with birth palsy may require surgical intervention, the multidisciplinary team must follow up on the function and recovery of the entire upper extremity, from shoulder to fingertips, within the first few months of life. Options include neuroma resection and primary nerve grafting and/or nerve transfers, which can be intra- or extra-plexal, as adjunctive or standalone procedures. When limited proximal nerve roots are available for nerve grafting, or when too many nerve roots are involved, exceeding the supply of nerve graft, extra-plexal nerve transfers are then indicated. While early intervention is preferred (between 3 and 6 months for most authors), older children presenting late (> 1 year since birth) with partial nerve recovery may still potentially benefit from nerve transfers, which can be offered to late-presenting infants. Here we discuss the anatomy, indications, work-up, options, complications, and outcomes for such nerve transfers for upper, lower, and global plexus palsy in neonates. Nerve transfers are a common procedure done for the treatment of various types of birth plexus palsies. Currently, while there is an abundance of clinical reports and evidence, there is still a lack of clarity regarding best practices or in terms of the type of procedure and technique for the treatment of birth plexus palsy. Our hope is that this chapter provides a concise source after an extensive cumulative review of the evidence of best practices for nerve transfers in the case of birth plexus palsy.
Minimally invasive treatment of gallbladder polyps
Authors: Sullivan Kevin M. , Fong Yuman
Published: April 2023

Gallbladder cancer is a lethal disease when diagnosed at later stages, and gallbladder polyps may have malignant potential or harbor cancer, especially as the polyp increases in size. Therefore, cholecystectomy has been recommended by guidelines for gallbladder polyps ≥ 10 mm, or smaller polyps with risk factors. In this article, we review minimally invasive approaches to the management of gallbladder polyps. The predominant method of cholecystectomy has been laparoscopic, which has advantages in faster recovery compared to open cholecystectomy. More recently, many surgeons have converted their minimally invasive techniques to robotic approaches. In addition, combined laparoscopic-endoscopic or purely endoscopic approaches have been reported. The ultimate goal of gallbladder polyp management using minimally invasive approaches is to minimize morbidity, given the low incidence of cancer within polyps, while preventing polyps with malignant potential from converting to cancer, or curing cancerous polyps.
The concept of diagonal approximated signature: new surrogate modeling approach for continuous-state systems in the context of resilience optimization
Authors: Winnewisser Niklas R. , Salomon Julian , Broggi Matteo , Beer Michael
Published: April 2023

The increasing size and complexity of modern systems presents engineers with the inevitable challenge of developing more efficient yet comprehensive computational tools that enable sound analyses and ensure stable system operation. The previously introduced resilience framework for complex and sub-structured systems provides a solid foundation for comprehensive stakeholder decision-making, taking into account limited resources. In their work, a survival function approach based on the concept of survival signature models the reliability of system components and subsystems. However, it is limited to a binary component and system state consideration. This limitation needs to be overcome to ensure comprehensive resilience analyses of real world systems. An extension is needed that guarantees both maintaining the existing advantages of the original resilience framework, yet enables continuous performance consideration. This work introduces the continuous-state survival function and concept of the Diagonal Approximated Signature (DAS) as a corresponding surrogate model. The proposed concept is based on combinatorial decomposition adapted from the concept of survival signature. This allows for the advantageous property of separating topological and probabilistic information. Potentially high-dimensional coherent structure functions are the foundation. A stochastic process models the time-dependent degradation of the continuous-state components. The proposed approach enables direct computation of the continuous-state survival function by means of an explicit formula and a stored DAS, avoiding costly online Monte Carlos Simulation (MCS) and overcoming the limitation of a binary component and system state consideration during resilience optimization for sub-structured systems. A proof of concept is provided for multi-dimensional systems and an arbitrary infrastructure system.
Data-driven design of eutectic high entropy alloys
Authors: Chen Zhaoqi , Yang Yong
Published: April 2023

Eutectic high entropy alloys (EHEAs) have attracted tremendous research interest over the past decade due to their superior physical and mechanical properties. Given the compositional complexity, there are no well-established phase diagrams for EHEAs. Therefore, the compositional design of EHEAs has been following a trial-and-error empirical approach, which is time-consuming, costly, and ineffective. To accelerate the search for EHEAs, data-driven approaches, particularly machine learning (ML) based modeling, have recently been utilized in lieu of the traditional empirical approach. In this article, we provide a critical overview of the recent efforts in the design and development of EHEAs, which covers the various empirical methods and the state-of-the-art machine learning models developed for EHEAs. In addition, we also briefly discuss the mechanical properties and plasticity strengthening mechanisms in EHEAs which are related to their heterogeneous microstructure, such as heterogeneous deformation induced strengthening, twinning induced strengthening, and phase transformation induced strengthening.