bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O “ILUMINISMO CONSTITUCIONAL”: A ATUAÇÃO DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL ENTRE A AUTOCONTENÇÃO E O ATIVISMO JUDICIAL
Authors: Forster João Paulo K. , Haeberlin Mártin
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo busca compreender a noção de “iluminismoconstitucional” partindo da hipótese de que ela não possui caráter iluminista, na medida em que: (i) faz ressurgir a tensão clássica entre o ativismo e a autocontenção judicial; e (ii) retira dos textos o eixo da interpretação. Nessa visada, o artigo é dividido em duas partes, ambas desenvolvidas em pesquisa analítica com metodologia de revisão bibliográfica. Na primeira, analisa os conceitos de autocontenção e ativismo, examinando casos paradigmáticos em sistemas de common law, a fim de evitar sua simples transposição para o Brasil, considerandoas diferenças entre os sistemas. Na segunda, estuda o impacto de tais conceitos no Brasil, em particular no Supremo Tribunal Federal, igualmente expondo casos que caracterizam ativismo judicial. Ao final, conclui pela necessidade de distinção entre decisões de vanguarda estabelecidas dentro da multiplicidade de significados extraíveis naturalmente dos textos e das decisões cuja vanguarda advém de umapostura que, mesmo politicamente desejável, é juridicamente inaceitável, em razão de violar uma ética da leitura inerente à autolimitação judicial.
Entre la vulnerabilidad y la resiliencia. Madres migrantes, hijos en riesgo
Authors: Lázaro González Isabel E.
Published: August 2019

Entre los migrantes subsaharianos que entran irregularmente en Europa existe un colectivo especialmente vulnerable: el formado por madres solas con hijos a cargo y las mujeres gestantes. Este artículo aborda las características de esta peculiar migración y las deficiencias del sistema para lograr una protección eficaz.
La protección de las supervivientes de trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual: normativa y realidades
Authors: Laporta Hernández Elena , Heras Aguilera Samara de las
Published: August 2019

La trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual representa una de las mayores amenazas al respeto, protección y garantía de los derechos humanos, dado el elevado número de personas afectadas y la magnitud de las violencias y discriminaciones que conlleva. Es incuestionable que su erradicación exige incorporar de manera plena un enfoque de derechos humanos interseccional y una perspectiva feminista, y que su reconocimiento normativo y aplicación práctica son todavía insuficientes. Con este artículo, las autoras pretenden contribuir al debate sobre la protección de las víctimas, a partir de su experiencia tanto académica como práctica en el acompañamiento a mujeres supervivientes, apelando al potencial transformador del Derecho y a una concepción holística y multidisciplinar de la Justicia.
Irony, Contradiction, and Voltaire's Garden: Re-Reading Candide
Authors: Adams Sydney Madison
Published: August 2019

Literary scholars have long debated the thematic significance of Voltaire's Candide, a 1759 novella that relentlessly satirizes Gottfried Leibniz’s philosophy of optimism. In Candide, Voltaire assails his readers with displays of violence so absurd they might inspire anything from laughter to hopelessness. The novella's crude humor is hinged upon an unexpectedly-compassionate acknowledgement of human suffering. Voltaire uses Candide's plotline to attack the human assumption that any force of good will ever offset the evil in a world pervaded by cruelty and selfishness. He provokes questions with no answers in sight. Deriving a theme from the novella only becomes more difficult after reading its conclusion, which leaves readers dissatisfied, desperate for some sort of call to action. We are urged to cultivate our garden but given no advice on what that might entail. We are convinced of Leibnizian optimism's failures but deprived of a more-pragmatic philosophy to replace it with. In this essay, I analyze the ways Voltaire uses humor, irony, and structure in Candide not only to denounce deceitful forms of optimism, but to provoke future thought on the questions he could not answer himself.
The Delta is Dead: Moral Ecologies of Infrastructure in Turkey
Authors: Scaramelli Caterina
Published: August 2019

In a Turkish delta, fishers, scientists, and residents articulate contrasting moral ecologies of infrastructure. Contesting the infrastructural remaking of delta environments, fishermen connect ecological change to the concerns of working-class livelihoods; scientists assert a unique moral authority to create new habitats for selected species; and activists couch claims of ecological justice within existing legal spaces, all against the backdrop of increasing authoritarianism and economic crisis. This article extends insights from anthropological discussions of moral economy into political ecology to advance a new theoretical understanding of environmental infrastructure. I offer the notion of a moral ecology of infrastructure, theorizing infrastructure and ecology as inseparable, rather than set in opposition. In my use of the term, moral ecologies are assessments of justice and motivations for action that concern relations between humans and nonhumans. These assessments are not necessarily couched as resistance, but also encompass hegemonic and capitalist projects. This analytic proves helpful for understanding how, and why, people confront and respond to environmental transformations in an infrastructural world. At stake in these claims are moral notions of human and nonhuman livelihoods, notions that include those of water flows, birds, fish, sandbars, trees, and others.

Özet

Bir Türkiye deltasında balıkçılar, bilim insanları ve deltanın sakinleri, altyapının birbirine zıt ahlaki ekolojilerini ifade ederler. Her bir grubun delta ortamlarının yeniden altyapılandırılmasına karşı çıkış nedeni farklıdır: balıkçılar ekolojik değişimi işçi sınıfının geçim kaygılarıyla ilişkilendirir; bilim insanları seçili ender türlere yeni habitatlar oluşturmak için kendilerine özgü ahlaki bir otorite ortaya koyarlar; ve çevreciler artan otoriter rejim ve ekonomik krizler kıskacında, mevcut yasal alanlarda ekolojik adalet iddialarını dile getirirler. Bu makale, çevre altyapısına dair teorik yeni bir anlayış geliştirmek için ahlaki ekonomi ile ilgili antropolojik tartışmaları politik ekolojiyle ilişkilendirmektedir. Ahlaki altyapı ekolojisi kavramını önererek, altyapıyı ve ekolojiyi birbirine zıt olmaktan ziyade birbirinden ayrılmaz kavramlar olarak görüyorum. Ahlaki ekolojilerden kastım, insanlar ve insan olmayanlar arasındaki ilişkilere dair gelişen adalet anlayışı ve eylem motivasyonlarıdır. Ahlaki ekoloji mutlaka direnç demek değildir; aynı zamanda hegemonik ve kapitalist projeleri de kapsamaktadır. Bu yaklaşımla, insanların altyapı dünyasındaki çevresel dönüşümlerle nasıl ve niçin karşı karşıya kaldıklarını ve bu dönüşümlere nasıl tepki verdiklerini anlayacağımızı iddia ediyorum. Bu iddialarda dile gelen, insani ve insan dışı geçim kaynaklarına dair olan ahlak kavramlarıdır; suların akışını, kuşları, balıkları, kıyı kordonlarını, ağaçları ve diğerlerini içeren kavramlar.
RELIGIOSITY IN CRIMINAL LAW: ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Haqqi Abdurrahman Raden Aji
Published: August 2019

The fundamental premises of Islamic law are that Allah has revealed His will for human-kind in the Holy Quran and the inspired example of the Prophet Muhammad (Peace be Upon Him), and that society's law must conform to Allah's revealed will. The scope of Islamic law is broader than the common law or civil law. In addition to core legal doctrines covering the family, wrongs, procedure, and commercial transactions, Islamic law also includes detailed rules regulating religious ritual and social etiquette. In Islam, religiosity is not asceticism in monasteries nor is it chattering from the pulpits. Instead, it is behaving in a manner that is requested from the Creator under all circumstances, places and times, in belief, statement and actions. Historically, law and religion have never been completely separated. They have never been so independent as to achieve complete autonomy from each other. Religion has essentially been embodied in legal systems, even in those that have aspired to privatize religion. Based on this fact, this paper discusses such fact i.e religiosity on specific theme of Islamic law that is criminal law which means the body of law dealing with wrongs that are punishable in Islamic law with the object of deterrence.
IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE OF EMERGENCY WITHIN THE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW SYSTEM IN INDONESIA
Authors: Bima Muhammad Rinaldy
Published: August 2019

This research aims at analyzing the state governance practice which frequently and extraordinarily takes place when governing the state administration, in which the common legal system is unable to accommodate the people's interests. Self-governance is highly necessary that the state function may effectively run independently as the state organ by ensuring respect and compliance of right guaranteed by the state 1945 constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD NRI 1945) as the highest legal document in governing the state. The legal equipment should be able to anticipate various possibilities of emergency conditions to ensure the sustainability of state life
THE FREEDOM OF CONTRACT IN PLANTATION CORE ESTATE AND SMALLHOLDERS
Authors: Fahamsyah Ermanto
Published: August 2019

The Plantation Core Estate and Smallholders (PIR/Perkebunan Inti Rakyat) is a partnership scheme of the estates whereby a large estate acts as the core of development to small local farms in a mutually beneficial, integral, and continous system. Simply put, PIR is one form of contract farming. The PIR scheme was first introduced in by Indonesia government in order to encourage the development in local farms. Moreover, the partnership system is based on patron-client relationship and regulated through a contract in which the large estate is the patron and local farms are the client. However, the PIR system involves state within the contract. The state’s involvement is important so as to safeguard the interests of local farms (client) which are prone to predatory exploitation by the patron (large estate) and thus, balancing the bargaining powers of each party in the contract. This paper problematizes the contractual mechanism of PIR in respect to the freedom of contract. Thus, it can be concluded that the state’s involvement in the PIR shows that the freedom of contract principles are rigged to a degree which restricts some of the patron’s powers such as controls on supply and price in order to protect the local farms from being exploited.
The Stoic Appeal to Expertise: Platonic Echoes in the Reply to Indistinguishability
Authors: Shogry Simon
Published: August 2019

One Stoic response to the skeptical indistinguishability argument is that it fails to account for expertise: the Stoics allow that while two similar objects create indistinguishable appearances in the amateur, this is not true of the expert, whose appearances succeed in discriminating the pair. This paper re-examines the motivations for this Stoic response, and argues that it reveals the Stoic claim that, in generating a kataleptic appearance, the perceiver’s mind is active, insofar as it applies concepts matching the perceptual stimulus. I argue that this claim is reflected in the Stoic definition of the kataleptic appearance, and that it respects their more general account of mental representation. I further suggest that, in attributing some activity to the mind in creating each kataleptic appearance, and in claiming that the expert’s mind allows her to form more kataleptic appearances than the amateur, the Stoics draw inspiration from the wax tablet model in Plato’sTheaetetus(190e–196d), where Socrates distinguishes the wise from the ignorant on the basis of how well they match sensory input with its appropriate mental ‘seal’ (σφραγίς).
Seneca on Human Rights inDe Beneficiis3
Authors: Long Alex
Published: August 2019

The paper discusses Seneca’s phrase ‘human rights’ (ius humanum) inOn Benefits3 and relates the passage to recent debates about human rights in Stoicism and ancient philosophy. I argue that the Latin phrase refers either to rights or to a law conferring rights. The difference between the passage and a common expectation for human rights lies in the kind of relation between right and duty. In Seneca’s passage the right does not in itself have a correlative duty on the part of other people, and yet it does, if exercised through benefactions, create a duty in others. By contrast, the relation between right and duty is usually expected to be unconditional.
Effects of ZnO addition on thermal properties, degradation and biocompatibility of P45Mg24Ca16Na(15−x)Znx glasses
Authors: Wang Yunqi , Zhu Chenkai , Parsons Andrew , Rudd Chris , Ahmed Ifty , Sharmin Nusrat
Published: August 2019

Four phosphate-based glass formulations in the system P45Mg24Ca16Na(15−x)Znx, referred to as P45Znx (x = 0, 5, 10 and 15 mol%), were prepared using a melt quenching process. The effect of ZnO addition on density, molar volume, thermal properties and degradation rates were studied. An increase in the glass transition, crystallisation, melting and liquidus temperatures were seen when replacing Na2O with ZnO. The molar volume of the bulk glasses was seen to decrease with increasing ZnO content. The dissolution rate of the zinc-free glass was 2.48 × 10−8 kg m−2 s−1 and addition of 5 mol% ZnO resulted in a reduction of the dissolution rate to 1.68 × 10−8 kg m−2 s−1. However, further addition of ZnO from 5 mol% to 15 mol% increased the dissolution rate of the glass system. The glasses were deliberately crystallised and XRD studies identified the Z n2P2O7 phase for glass code P45Zn5, and Zn(PO3)2 phase for P45Zn10 and P45Zn15 glasses. Cyto-compatibility studies were conducted using MG63 cells for 14 days. An overall increase in the metabolic activity and DNA concentration of cells was seen from day 1 to day 14 for all glass formulations investigated. However, increasing ZnO content from 0 to 15 mol% seemed to have a negative effect on the cellular activity. Interestingly, a remarkably higher ALP activity was seen at day 14 for glass codes P45Zn5 and P45Zn10 in comparison with the TCP control and the P45Zn0 glass.
Validation and standardization of the ETP-based activated protein C resistance test for the clinical investigation of steroid contraceptives in women: an unmet clinical and regulatory need
Authors: Douxfils Jonathan , Morimont Laure , Delvigne Anne-Sophie , Devel Philippe , Masereel Bernard , Haguet Hélène , Bouvy Céline , Dogné Jean-Michel
Published: August 2019

Background

Regulatory bodies recommend the use of an assay based on the assessment of the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) for the investigation of the activated protein C resistance (APCr) in the development of steroid contraceptives in women. However, the assays described in the literature are home-made and not standardized regarding the method, the reagents, the reference plasma and the quality controls. In the absence of any commercially available method, we aimed at validating the ETP-based APCr assay.

Methods

The validation was performed according to regulatory standards. The method targets a 90% inhibition of the ETP in healthy donors in the presence of APC compared to the same condition in the absence of APC. As a large-scale production of a pool of plasma from well-selected healthy donors is impossible, algorithms were applied to a commercial reference plasma to correlate with the selected pool.

Results

Repeatability and intermediate precision passed the acceptance criteria. The assay demonstrated a curvilinear dose response to protein S and APC concentrations (R2 > 0.99). Analysis of plasma samples from 47 healthy individuals (22 women not taking combined hormonal contraceptives [CHC], and 25 men not Factor V Leiden carriers) confirmed the validity of the test, with a mean inhibition percentage of 90%. Investigations in 15 women taking different contraceptives and in two subjects with Factor V Leiden confirmed the good sensitivity and performance of the assay.

Conclusions

This validation provides the pharmaceutical industry, the regulatory bodies and physicians with a reproducible, sensitive and validated gold-standard ETP-based APCr assay.
Kinetics and Mechanistic Study of Hydrolysis of Adenosine Monophosphate Disodium Salt (AMPNa2) in Acidic and Alkaline Media
Authors: Sim Yoke-Leng , Kaur Beljit
Published: August 2019

Phosphate ester hydrolysis is essential in signal transduction, energy storage and production, information storage and DNA repair. In this investigation, hydrolysis of adenosine monophosphate disodium salt (AMPNa2) was carried out in acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions of pH ranging between 0.30-12.71 at 60°C. The reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically. The rate ranged between (1.20 ± 0.10) × 10-7 s-1 to (4.44 ± 0.05) × 10-6 s-1 at [NaOH] from 0.0008 M to 1.00M recorded a second-order base-catalyzed rate constant, kOH as 4.32 × 10-6 M-1 s-1. In acidic conditions, the rate ranged between (1.32 ± 0.06) × 10-7 s-1 to (1.67 ± 0.10) × 10-6 s-1 at [HCl] from 0.01 M to 1.00 M. Second-order acid-catalyzed rate constant, kH obtained was 1.62 × 10-6 M-1 s-1. Rate of reaction for neutral region, k0 was obtained from graphical method to be 10-7 s-1. Mechanisms were proposed to involve P-O bond cleavage in basic medium while competition between P-O bond and N-glycosidic cleavage was observed in acidic medium. In conclusion, this study has provided comprehensive information on the kinetic parameters and mechanism of cleavage of AMPNa2 which mimicked natural AMP cleavage and the action of enzymes that facilitate its cleavage.
The Sanskruti index of trees and unicyclic graphs
Authors: Deng Fei , Jiang Huiqin , Liu Jia-Bao , Poklukar Darja Rupnik , Shao Zehui , Wu Pu , Žerovnik Janez
Published: August 2019

The Sanskruti index of a graphGis defined as$$\begin{align*}S(G)=\sum_{uv\in{}E(G)}{\left(\frac{s_G(u)s_G(v)}{s_G(u)+s_G(v)-2}\right)}^3, \end{align*}$$wheresG(u) is the sum of the degrees of the neighbors of a vertexuinG. LetPn,Cn,SnandSn+ebe the path, cycle, star and star plus an edge ofnvertices, respectively. The Sanskruti index of a molecular graph of a compounds can model the bioactivity of compounds, has a strong correlation with entropy of octane isomers and its prediction power is higher than many existing topological descriptors.

In this paper, we investigate the extremal trees and unicyclic graphs with respect to Sanskruti index. More precisely, we show that

(1)$\frac{512}{27}n-\frac{172688}{3375}\leq{}S(T)\leq{}\frac{(n-1)^7}{8(n-2)^3}$for ann-vertex treeTwithn≤ 3, with equalities if and only ifT ≌Pn(left) andT≌Sn(right);

(2)$ \frac{512}{27}n\leq{}S(G)\leq{}\frac{(n-3)(n+1)^3}{8}+\frac{3(n+1)^6}{8n^3}$for ann-vertex unicyclic graph withn≥ 4, with equalities if and only ifG ≌Cn(left) andG≌Sn+e(right).
Fluorescence study of 5-nitroisatin Schiff base immobilized on SBA-15 for sensing Fe3+
Authors: Fahmi Muhammad Riza Ghulam , Fajar Adroit T.N. , Roslan Nurliana , Yuliati Leny , Fadlan Arif , Santoso Mardi , Lintang Hendrik O.
Published: August 2019

N’-(5-nitro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene) thiophene-2-carbohydrazide (NH) was successfully synthesized as a ligand, then grafted onto the surface of mesoporous silica SBA-15via an aminopropyl bridge. The successful grafting of ligand NH onto the hybrid nanomaterial (SBA-15/APTES-NH) was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. On excitation at 276 and 370 nm, the ligand NH and the hybrid nanomaterial SBA-15/APTES-NH showed a strong and narrow emission peak centered at 533 nm. By dispersing SBA-15/APTES-NH in an aqueous solution containing metal ions, the resulting solid materials showed a higher binding of NH sensing site to Fe3+ ions as compared to the others with a quench of the emission intensity up to 84%. This result showed that the hybrid nanomaterial is a potential chemosensor that requires development for the detection of metal ions.
Wandel und Variation der Genitivstellung in einem diachronen Predigten-Korpus
Authors: Pickl Simon
Published: August 2019

Die Forschung zur Diachronie der Stellung des adnominalen Genitivs im Deutschen ist ein gutes Beispiel dafür, dass sich einzelne Fallstudien nur schwer zu einem schlüssigen Gesamtbild kombinieren lassen, wenn diese jeweils Zeitabschnitte mit unterschiedlichen Textsorten aus verschiedenen Regionen untersuchen. Durch uneinheitliche Quellenlage und Methodik wird die Vergleichbarkeit von Einzelstudien stark eingeschränkt. In diesem Beitrag wird ein alternativer Ansatz verfolgt, der auf einen zeitlichen Längsschnitt setzt. Indem sich der Fokus auf eine bestimmte Textsorte richtet, wird die annähernde Abdeckung der Zeit vom 9. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert auf einer gleichförmigen, wenn auch nicht repräsentativen Grundlage möglich. Als Textsorte wurden hier Predigten gewählt, da sich diese als Prosatexte gut für die Untersuchung syntaktischer Fragestellungen eignen und eine relativ lange, breite und kontinuierliche Überlieferung aufweisen. Neben der zeitlichen Entwicklung wird die Auswirkung verschiedener interner und externer Faktoren auf die Genitivstellung untersucht. In der Diskussion der Ergebnisse zeigt sich einerseits, dass der nachgestellte Genitiv durch seine größere syntaktische Flexibilität begünstigt wird; zum anderen wird deutlich, dass der Schwund des Genitivs im Gesprochenen nicht ohne Folge für seine Stellung blieb.
A Blind Medical Image Watermarking for Secure E-Healthcare Application Using Crypto-Watermarking System
Authors: Aparna Puvvadi , Kishore Polurie Venkata Vijay
Published: August 2019

A reliable medical image management must provide proper security for patient information. Protecting the medical information of the patients is a major concern in all hospitals. Digital watermarking is a procedure prevalently used to secure the confidentiality of medical information and maintain them, which upgrades patient health awareness. To protect the medical information, the robust and lossless patient medical information sharing system using crypto-watermarking method is proposed. The proposed system consists of two phases: (i) embedding and (ii) extraction. In this paper, we securely share three types of patient information, medical image, electronic health record (EHR), and face image from one hospital to another hospital. Initially, all the three inputs are encrypted and the information is concordant. In order to enhance the robustness of the crypto-watermarking system, the obtained bit stream is compressed, and the compressed bit streams are embedded into the cover image. The same process is repeated for the extraction process. The experimentation result is carried out using different medical images with EHR, and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is analyzed with the help of peak signal to noise ratio.
Does prosody meet syntax? A case study on standard Italian cleft sentences and left peripheral focus
Authors: Pinelli Maria Cristina , Poletto Cecilia , Avesani Cinzia
Published: August 2019

In this work we deal with two structures that have a very similar pragmatic function in Italian and have been claimed to have similar semantic and syntactic properties, namely clefts and left peripheral focus. Since Chomsky (1977. On wh-movement. In Peter W. Culicover, Thomas Wasow & Adrian Akmajian (eds.),Formal Syntax, 71–132. New York: Academic Press.) they have been both considered as instances of A’-movement and should therefore behave alike. Here we investigate their prosody and their syntax on the basis of three experimental studies and show that while the prosodic patterns found are indeed very similar, their syntax is less homogenous than expected if we apply general tests that have been traditionally used to distinguish A- from A’-movement. In particular, we will discuss three of these tests, namely parasitic gaps, weak crossover and anaphoric binding and show that the two constructions yield quite different results. We analyse the differences within the framework of featural relativized minimality originally proposed in Rizzi (2004. Locality and the left periphery. In Adriana Belletti (ed.),Structures and Beyond: The Cartography of Syntactic Structures 3, 223–251. Oxford: Oxford University Press.) and subsequent work. On this basis, we conclude that there is no one to one match between prosodic and syntactic properties, since we observe differences in the syntactic behaviour of the two constructions that do not surface in the prosodic patterns. Indirectly, this study sheds new light on the interface between prosody and syntax and is a confirmation of a modular theory of the components of grammar: some specific syntactic properties have no reflex in other components of grammar and can only be detected through purely syntactic tests.
Innovation aus Tradition
Authors: Ueberschaer Frank
Published: August 2019

Ps 103 ist ein Beispiel für die Adaption theologischer Traditionen für individuelle Frömmigkeit. Auf diese Weise gibt er zu erkennen, wie theologische Traditionen jenseits der textlichen Überlieferung tradiert und rezipiert wurden, und gewährt einen Einblick in die Verbindung und Komposition verschiedener Traditionen in einem einzelnen gedanklichen Zusammenhang.
A Note on the Significance of Quartic Autocatalysis Chemical Reaction on the Motion of Air Conveying Dust Particles
Authors: Animasaun I.L. , Koriko O.K. , Mahanthesh B. , Dogonchi A.S.
Published: August 2019

Little is known on the significance of fluid–particle interaction for velocity and temperature as in the case of centrifuge for separating particles of different types, launching of rockets, and motion of space shuttle through the air when there exist chemical reactions between the flow and the wall. The aim of this study is not only to explore the significance of quartic autocatalytic chemical reaction on the flow of dusty fluid in which the transmission of energy in form of electromagnetic is nonlinear but also to unravel the effects of buoyancy on the velocity of the dust and temperature of the dust. The nonlinear partial differential equations that model the transport phenomenon was transformed, nondimensionalised, and parameterised using suitable variables. The corresponding boundary value problems were converted to an initial value problem using the method of superposition and solved numerically. The outcome of the study indicates that enhancement of buoyancy is a yardstick to increase the vertical velocity, horizontal velocity, and shear stress within the fluid domain; increase the velocity of the dust particles; increase the temperature distribution across the flow of dusty fluid; increase the concentration of dusty fluid; and decrease the concentration of the catalyst. It is worth noticing that utmost velocity of the dust occurs at a minimum value of fluid–particle interaction for velocity in the flow over a larger thickness of paraboloid of revolution.
The new sodium tellurido manganates(II) Na2Mn2Te3, Na2Mn3Te4, Na2
AMnTe3 (A=K, Rb), and NaCsMnTe2
Authors: Langenmaier Michael , Röhr Caroline
Published: August 2019

A series of new sodium and mixed Na/A (A = K, Rb, Cs) tellurido manganates have been synthesized from melts of the pure elements (or MnTe) at maximum temperatures of 600–1000°C. The monoclinic crystal structures of the two pure sodium salts Na2Mn2Te3 (space group C2/c, a = 1653.68(2), b = 1482.57(2), c = 773.620(10) pm, β = 117.52°, Z = 8, R1 = 0.0225) and Na2Mn3Te4 (space group C2/m, a = 1701.99(3), b = 438.741(8), c = 691.226(12) pm, β = 90.3171(8)°, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0270) are both based on a hexagonal close packed Te2− arrangement. Na2Mn2Te3 is isotypic with Na2Mn2S3 and Na2Mn2Se3 and contains layers of [MnTe4] tetrahedra, which are connected via common edges to form tetramers [Mn4Te6]. These tetramers are further connected via μ
3-Te atoms. Na2Mn3Te4 crystallizes in a new structure type, recently also reported for the selenido salt Na2Mn3Se4. Mn(2) forms ribbons of vertex-sharing dinuclear units

∞
1

[

Te

2
/
2

MnTe

2

MnTe

2
/
2

]

$_\infty ^1[{\rm{T}}{{\rm{e}}_{2/2}}{\rm{MnT}}{{\rm{e}}_2}{\rm{MnT}}{{\rm{e}}_{2/2}}]$

running along the short b axis of the monoclinic cell. The Te atoms of these ribbons are also the ligands of edge-sharing [Mn(1)Te6] chains of octahedra. Similar to Na2Mn2Te3, the Na+ cations are octahedrally coordinated and the cations occupy tetrahedral (Mn2+) and octahedral (Na+, Mn2+) voids in the close Te2− packing. The isotypic K/Rb salts Na2
AMnTe3 crystallize in a new structure type (orthorhombic, space group Pmc21, a = 1069.70(4)/1064.34(2), b = 1350.24(5)/1350.47(3), c = 1238.82(4)/1236.94(3) pm, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0445/0.0210). In contrast to the simple formula indicating a Mn(III) compound, the complex structure contains one layer consisting of undulated chains of edge-sharing tetrahedra

∞
1

[

Mn

II

Te

4
/
2

]

$_\infty ^1[{\rm{M}}{{\rm{n}}^{{\rm{II}}}}{\rm{T}}{{\rm{e}}_{4/2}}]$

separated by free ditelluride dumbbells [Te2]2− and a second layer containing a complex chain of edge- and vertex-sharing [MnIITe4] tetrahedra, in which Mn(II) is coordinated to μ
1- and μ
2-Te2− ligands and an η
1-ditellurido ligand. The cesium salt NaCsMnTe2 (orthorhombic, space group Cccm, a = 694.21(2), b = 1536.57(4), c = 664.47(2) pm, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0131) likewise forms a new structure type, which is an ordered superstructure of ThCr2Si2. Linear chains

∞
1

[

MnTe

4
/
2

]

$_\infty ^1[{\rm{MnT}}{{\rm{e}}_{4/2}}]$

of edge-sharing tetrahedra are connected with similar chains

∞
1

[

NaTe

4
/
2

]

$_\infty ^1[{\rm{NaT}}{{\rm{e}}_{4/2}}]$

to form [NaMnTe2] layers. The larger alkali cations Cs+ between the layers exhibit a cubic (CN = 8) coordination.
Preparation and Physicochemical Characterization of Dual Responsive and Chemically Modified Cellulose Based Copolymer Hydrogels
Authors: Khan Abbas , Afzal Mehvish , Shah Luqman Ali , Zaman Khair , Khan Gul Shahzada , Badshah Amir
Published: August 2019

This research work is based on the preparation and physicochemical characterization of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)–Cellulose–Poly(Acrylic acid) [PNIPAAm–Cellulose–PAAc] based terpolymer hydrogels. The free radical polymerization reaction was initiated by the presence of ammonium persulphate (APS) and crosslinking between different monomers was occurring through N,Nl- Methylene bis-acrylamide (MBA). Confirmation of polymerization process was done by FT-IR and UV-visible spectroscopy. The prepared hydrogels were further characterized by different physicochemical techniques like rheology, Ostwald viscometry and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The effect of external stimuli like temperature, pH and composition of the samples on the physicochemical behavior was also carried out by dynamic rheology, swelling measurement and DLS. Various other properties like elasticity, shear stress, shear strain, loss modulus, storage modulus and complex viscosity was investigated by rheology. DLS was used to trace the size and swelling behavior of the samples. From the results obtained it was found that all the microgel samples are stimuli responsive and most of their physicochemical properties were prominently varying while changing the internal as well as the external experimental variable. These changes in physicochemical behavior of the gel can be attributed to two possibilities; the change in the hydrophobic character of gel (PNIPAAm) with temperature and also to the weakening of intermolecular hydrogen bonds with increase in temperature. As a result of this the PAA chains may undergo a transition from a compact conformation to an expanded coil conformation, resulting in the swelling of the hydrogels.
Seasonal Accumulated Workloads in Collegiate Men's Soccer: A Comparison of Starters and Reserves
Authors: Curtis Ryan M. , Huggins Robert A. , Benjamin Courteney L. , Sekiguchi Yasuki , M. Arent Shawn , C. Armwald Bruin , Pullara Jason M. , West Chris A. , Casa Douglas J.
Published: August 2019

Curtis, RM, Huggins, RA, Benjamin, CL, Sekiguchi, Y, Arent, S, Armwald, B, Pullara, JM, West, CA, and Casa, DJ. Seasonal accumulated workloads in collegiate men's soccer: a comparison of starters and reserves. J Strength Cond Res 35(11): 3184–3189, 2021—The purpose of this investigation was to quantify and compare player's season total-, match-, and training-accumulated workload by player status characteristics (i.e., starter vs. reserve) in American collegiate men's soccer. Global positioning system (GPS) and heart rate (HR)-derived workloads were analyzed from 82 collegiate male soccer athletes from 5 separate teams over the 2016 and 2017 seasons. Differences in total physical and physiological workloads (i.e., total distance, accelerations, and weighted HR-zone training impulse [TRIMP] score) as well as workloads over a range of intensity zones were examined using multilevel mixed models, with mean difference (MD) and effect size (ES) reported. Starters accumulated substantially more total distance (MD = 82 km, ES = 1.23), TRIMP (MD = 2,210 au, ES = 0.63), and total accelerations (MD = 6,324 n, ES = 0.66) over the season. Total accumulated distance in all velocity zones (ES [range] = 0.87–1.08), all accelerations zones (ES [range] = 0.54–0.74), and time spent at 70–90% HRmax (ES [range] = 0.60–1.12) was also greater for starters. Reserves accumulated substantially more total distance (MD = 20 km, ES = 0.43) and TRIMP (MD = 1,683 au, ES = 0.79) during training. Although reserves show elevated physical and physiological loads during training compared with starters, there is an imbalance in overall workloads between player roles, with starters incurring substantially more match and total seasonal workloads. These results indicate managing player workloads in soccer requires attention to potential imbalances between players receiving variable match times. Coaches and practitioners in collegiate men's soccer may consider implementing strategies to reduce discrepancies in loading between starters and reserves. Individualized monitoring of training and match workloads may assist in the implementation of more balanced load management programs.
Dietary Intake and Energy Expenditure During Two Different Phases of Athletic Training in Female Collegiate Lacrosse Players
Authors: Kumahara Hideaki , Ohta Chihiro , Nabeshima Erina , Nakayama Ai , Mine Sayoko , Yamato Takako
Published: August 2019

Kumahara, H, Ohta, C, Nabeshima, E, Nakayama, A, Mine, S, and Yamato, T. Dietary intake and energy expenditure during two different phases of athletic training in female collegiate lacrosse players. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1547–1554, 2020—This study aims to investigate the state of nutrient intake and energy expenditure (EE) among various phases of periodization in female collegiate lacrosse players. A total of 17 Japanese female collegiate lacrosse players (age: 20.0 ± 0.9 years) were enrolled in this study. Physical activity (PA) and dietary intake were assessed over each 1-week period during the training preparatory phase (P-phase) and transition phase (T-phase). The exercise training-related EE (EEE) and EE associated with other daily living activities (i.e., nonexercise activity thermogenesis [NEAT]), were measured using accelerometers and heart rate (HR) monitoring using the flex-HR method. The total daily EE during the P-phase was significantly higher than that of the T-phase (2,168 ± 248 vs. 1744 ± 138 kcal·d−1; p < 0.01); however, no significant differences were observed in the total energy intake. Moreover, EEE during the P-phase was significantly higher than that of the T-phase, whereas no significant difference was found in NEAT. Furthermore, no significant differences were noted in any macronutrient intake variable observed between the 2 phases (protein:fat:carbohydrate ratio: 12.6 ± 1.5:32.9 ± 3.9:54.1 ± 5.1% in the P-phase vs. 12.1 ± 1.7:30.7 ± 3.9:55.7 ± 5.2% in the T-phase). The carbohydrate and protein intake were below recommended levels during the P-phase. Conversely, the saturated fatty acid ratio was higher than the dietary goals for disease prevention. Based on the changes in the PA volume observed during different training phases, female collegiate lacrosse players did not attain optimal nutrient intake required for optimal athletic performance and health.
Comparison of Myoelectric Activity During a Suspension-Based and Traditional Split Squat
Authors: Miller William M. , Barnes Jeremy T. , Sofo Seidu S. , Wagganer Jason D.
Published: August 2019

Miller, WM, Barnes, JT, Sofo, SS, and Wagganer, JD. Comparison of myoelectric activity during a suspension-based and traditional split squat. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3236–3241, 2019—Over several decades, traditional resistance training has incorporated body-mass suspension training (SPT), for example, Total-Body Resistance Exercise (TRX); however, very little research has been completed investigating the effects of lower body SPT. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess sex differences in myoelectric activity via electromyography while performing a stable (i.e., bench) traditional split squat (TSS) compared with suspension body-mass split squat (TRXSS). Nineteen recreationally active individuals (mean ± SD = men: n = 9; 21.4 ± 2.1 years; 177.2 ± 9.0 cm; 84.2 ± 8.8 kg; women: n = 10; 21.5 ± 1.6 years; 160.7 ± 8.5 cm; 59.1 ± 7.9 kg) participated in this investigation. Subjects performed 3 training sessions, 1 familiarization and 2 (one for each variation) split squat. The TRXSS was performed by placing the rear foot within the foot cradle of the strap, while the TSS required placement of the rear foot on a stable bench (40.64 cm). The TRXSS resulted in higher peak and average myoelectric activity overall, as well as greater gluteus maximus myoelectric activity. No gender or rectus femoris myoelectric activity differences were found. The increased myoelectric activity of the gluteus maximus during the TRXSS was most likely due to increased medial/lateral stabilization demands on the suspended leg. These findings provide insight into TRX as a useful exercise modality for recreationally active or rehabilitative purposes.
Operações e escavações em Franz Kafka e Primo Levi
Authors: Peterle Patricia
Published: August 2019

Franz Kafka e Primo Levi são dois autores que marcam o século XX. Seus textos colocam o leitor diante daquele inacessível, indizível que escapa à linguagem. No primeiro há uma demanda por adentrar visceralmente nas aparências, ir além delas. No segundo, essa exigência se torna, a partir da experiência do Lager, em busca obsessiva por – mesmo na impossibilidade – tentar entender. Walter Benjamin, Primo Levi e Giorgio Agamben leitores de Kafka e Gilles Deleuze e Giorgio Agamben leitores de Levi.
Conhecer é dar forma: a tradução em Vilém Flusser e Walter Benjamin
Authors: Alonso Rafael Miguel
Published: August 2019

O objetivo do presente ensaio é, a partir de uma aproximação teórica entre dois filósofos judeus, Vilém Flusser e Walter Benjamin, postular a tradução enquanto teoria do conhecimento. Em ambos os pensadores, a teoria da língua complementa a teoria da tradução, constituindo uma estratégia epistemológica que não separa convenção e expressão, método e conteúdo. Conhecer é abrir mão da integralidade e da objetividade do mundo, ao mesmo tempo que o desafio do sujeito conhecedor é o de forjar uma forma que não abandone a materialidade. Factualidade esta que pode ser a da própria palavra, já que a literatura, assim como as ciências, estabelecem-se discursivamente. Além de conceitos-chaves nas teorias de Flusser e Benjamin, como os de tradução, língua, realidade e alegoria, o ensaio recorre, ainda, e principalmente, a João Guimarães Rosa, Octavio Paz e Eduardo Viveiros de Castro.
No Tempo das Sobrevivências: investigações acerca da relação dialética entre os conceitos de memória e de história
Authors: Tietboehl Léo
Published: August 2019

Trago para discussão a interlocução entre as produções de Georges Didi-Huberman, Aby Warburg e Walter Benjamin no que se refere às sobrevivências de uma transmissão. Por uma análise que guarda afinidades com uma lógica do desvio, procuro elaborar a respeito dos diversos sentidos do tempo, que aqui tomam forma através das alegorias da linha e da serpente. Para tanto, me utilizo das conceitualizações que se colocam em relação a uma memória e uma história, sustentando nos avessos desta mediação a reflexão sobre as possibilidades de ressignificação de uma narrativa, a partir de uma dimensão dialético-temporal a ela inerente. Nesta discussão, o processo de tradução toma importância por remeter a algo do incapturável de uma imagem – e, em função desta condição, permitir preservar a interpretação de quaisquer desígnios que se pretendam definitivos.
Medieval Architectural Theory, the Sacred Economy, and the Public Presentation of Monastic Architecture:
Authors: Rudolph Conrad
Published: August 2019

The Cistercian abbey church plan with a flat east end, the “Bernardine plan,” is one of the most distinctive, and most discussed, plans of medieval architecture. It has traditionally been seen as a direct result of views on monastic architecture held by Bernard of Clairvaux, our most important source for understanding medieval art and architecture. However, as Conrad Rudolph argues in Medieval Architectural Theory, the Sacred Economy, and the Public Presentation of Monastic Architecture: The Classic Cistercian Plan, this ignores the architecture of Bernard's own monastery and the architectural theory of his circle. By reading this plan in conjunction with the Cluniac apse-echelon plan and the well-known pilgrimage plan and considering it alongside the monastic sacred economy and issues of materials, craftsmanship, and public access, Rudolph shows that the “Bernardine plan” does not represent Bernard's conception at all. It is better thought of as the “classic Cistercian plan,” a compromise of lower spiritual standards aimed at broader institutional acceptance.
Antonio da Sangallo the Younger's Reactions to the Pantheon:
Authors: Benelli Francesco
Published: August 2019

In Antonio da Sangallo the Younger's Reactions to the Pantheon: An Early Modern Case of Operative Criticism, Francesco Benelli looks at three annotated drawings by Antonio in which he analyzed features of the Roman Pantheon. The architect's analysis of this ancient monument drew on both his close, methodical, and pragmatic investigations of the building and his deep knowledge of Vitruvian theory. Together, the drawings and text represent an unprecedented critique of a building then almost universally admired. Yet Antonio's dependence on Vitruvius, who belonged to a different period of Roman history than did the Pantheon, led to certain discrepancies within his conclusions. Nonetheless, Antonio's study marks a new level of professional confidence, objectivity, and critical detachment among Renaissance architects, as ancient monuments were no longer seen as perfect and unquestionable, but as sources to be praised, criticized, utilized, adapted, or ignored according to the specific needs of modern architectural practice.
BRAF and TERT mutations in papillary thyroid cancer patients of Latino ancestry
Authors: Estrada-Flórez Ana P , Bohórquez Mabel E , Vélez Alejandro , Duque Carlos S , Donado Jorge H , Mateus Gilbert , Panqueba-Tarazona Cesar , Polanco-Echeverry Guadalupe , Sahasrabudhe Ruta , Echeverry Magdalena , Carvajal-Carmona Luis G
Published: August 2019

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy in U.S. Latinas and in Colombian women. Studies in non-Latinos indicate that BRAF and TERT mutations are PTC prognostic markers. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical associations of BRAF and TERT mutations in PTC Latino patients from Colombia. We analyzed mutations of BRAF (V600E) and TERT promoter (C228T, C250T) in tumor DNA from 141 patients (75 with classical variant PTC, CVPTC; 66 with follicular variant PTC, FVPTC) recruited through a multi-center study. Associations between mutations and clinical variables were evaluated with Fisher exact tests. Survival was evaluated with Kaplan–Meier plots. Double-mutant tumors (BRAF+/TERT+, n = 14 patients) were more common in CVPTC (P = 0.02). Relative to patients without mutations (n = 48), double mutations were more common in patients with large tumors (P = 0.03), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.01), extra-thyroid extension (P = 0.03), and advanced stage (P = 6.0 × 10−5). In older patients, TERT mutations were more frequent (mean age 51 years vs 45 years for wild type TERT, P = 0.04) and survival was lower (HR = 1.20; P = 0.017); however, given the small sample size, the decrease in survival was not statically significant between genotypes. Comparisons with published data in US whites revealed that Colombian patients had a higher prevalence of severe pathological features and of double-mutant tumors (10 vs 6%, P = 0.001). Mutations in both oncogenes show prognostic associations in Latinos from Colombia. Our study is important to advance Latino PTC precision medicine and replicates previous prognostic associations between BRAF and TERT in this population.
FSH-metabolic circuitry and menopause
Authors: Taneja Charit , Gera Sakshi , Kim Se-Min , Iqbal Jameel , Yuen Tony , Zaidi Mone
Published: August 2019

FSH has a primary function in procreation, wherein it induces estrogen production in females and regulates spermatogenesis in males. However, in line with our discoveries over the past decade of non-unitary functions of pituitary hormones, we and others have described hitherto uncharacterized functions of FSH. Through high-affinity receptors, some of which are variants of the ovarian FSH receptor (FSHR), FSH regulates bone mass, adipose tissue function, energy metabolism, and cholesterol production in both sexes. These newly described actions of FSH may indeed be relevant to the pathogenesis of bone loss, dysregulated energy homeostasis, and disordered lipid metabolism that accompany the menopause in females and aging in both genders. We are therefore excited about the possibility of modulating circulating FSH levels toward a therapeutic benefit for a host of age-associated diseases, including osteoporosis, obesity and dyslipidemia, among other future possibilities.
2-Aminoadipic acid protects against obesity and diabetes
Authors: Xu Wang-Yang , Shen Yan , Zhu Houbao , Gao Junhui , Zhang Chen , Tang Lingyun , Lu Shun-Yuan , Shen Chun-Ling , Zhang Hong-Xin , Li Ziwei , Meng Peng , Wan Ying-Han , Fei Jian , Wang Zhu-Gang
Published: August 2019

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are both complicated endocrine disorders resulting from an interaction between multiple predisposing genes and environmental triggers, while diet and exercise have key influence on metabolic disorders. Previous reports demonstrated that 2-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA), an intermediate metabolite of lysine metabolism, could modulate insulin secretion and predict T2D, suggesting the role of 2-AAA in glycolipid metabolism. Here, we showed that treatment of diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice with 2-AAA significantly reduced body weight, decreased fat accumulation and lowered fasting glucose. Furthermore, Dhtkd1−/−
mice, in which the substrate of DHTKD1 2-AAA increased to a significant high level, were resistant to DIO and obesity-related insulin resistance. Further study showed that 2-AAA induced higher energy expenditure due to increased adipocyte thermogenesis via upregulating PGC1α and UCP1 mediated by β3AR activation, and stimulated lipolysis depending on enhanced expression of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) through activating β3AR signaling. Moreover, 2-AAA could alleviate the diabetic symptoms of db/db mice. Our data showed that 2-AAA played an important role in regulating glycolipid metabolism independent of diet and exercise, implying that improving the level of 2-AAA in vivo could be developed as a strategy in the treatment of obesity or diabetes.