bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of stress-strain state at contact of cylindrical surfaces of parts of railway rolling stock
Authors: Krotov Sergey , Kononov Dmitriy
Published: March 2022

Objective: Investigation of deformations and stresses in solving problems of contact strength in the interaction of a railway wheel and rail. Methods: The main methods for determining the stress-strain state at the contact of two cylindrical bodies are given. The provisions of the theory of deformation of elastic bodies are used in the formulation of the plane problem of the theory of elasticity. Based on the methods of integrating a system of differential equations, the paper provides a solution in displacements when all boundary conditions are met of the spatial contact problem of the theory of elasticity during rolling and sliding of elastic bodies of the same material. Experiments were carried out to determine the creep coefficient during friction rolling of rollers in dry friction conditions. Results: The method of determining the stress-strain state in the contact zone, taking into account the sliding zones, is shown. Calculations of the stress components are performed by the analytical method. The influence of normal and tangential forces on the stress-strain state in the contact zone is shown. The danger of tensile stresses is shown. In this paper, in addition to the force boundary conditions, geometric conditions are formulated in detail, which must satisfy the mutual displacements and relative sliding velocities of elementary particles of the material at the points of the surface of the contacting bodies. Tangential forces in contact and linear deformation from their impact are determined. The values of the creep coefficient as a function of the thrust coefficient are obtained. Practical importance: The results obtained emphasize the significant effect of friction on reducing the contact fatigue life of the samples and will be useful in predicting the occurrence of wheel or rail failure during their interaction.
Identification and Prevalence of Blood Protozoa on Culling Layer Hen That Were Sold in Wonokromo Traditional Market Surabaya City
Authors: Darmawan Moch. Rizky , Hastutiek Poedji , Arimbi Arimbi , Warsito Sunaryo Hadi , Permatasari Dian Ayu , Ririn Ririn
Published: March 2022

The most common types of blood protozoa in chickens are from the phylum of Apicomplexa, including Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon and Haemoproteus. Blood protozoan diseases can cause decreased egg production, stunting and death in poultry farms. This study aims to identify and calculate the prevalence of blood protozoan infection in casted off laying chickens sold at Wonokromo Market, Surabaya City. One hundred blood samples from casted off laying chickens were taken by purposive sampling method. Blood samples were collected in Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA) tubes, and then taken to the Parasitology Laboratory to make a blood smear which was then examined using a microscope with a magnification of 1000x. The results showed that the single infection was 43% positive for Plasmodium sp., 3% positive for Leucocytozoon sp. and 3% for mixed infections (Plasmodium sp. and Leucocytozoon sp.), with a total prevalence of positive samples infected with blood protozoa was 49%.
PREVALENCE OF HELMINTHIASIS IN CATTLE THROUGH FECES EXAMINATION IN MAGETAN REGENCY
Authors: Salsabila Firda Shafa , Sardjana I Komang Wiarsa , Sarudji Suryanie , Budiarto Budiarto , Hastutiek Poedji , Ririn Ririn
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the prevalence of helminthiasis and find various kinds of egg worms in cattle through feces examination in Magetan Regency. A hundred cattle feces samples were collected from six animal markets in Magetan Regency. The Faecal examination was performed by native, sediments, and Flotation methods. The results of this study showed that there were 40 samples positively infected by a helminth, which indicated that the prevalence of helminthiasis in cattle was 40%. The kind of helminth were Oesophagostomum sp. (14%), Bunostomum sp. (8%), Mecistocirrus sp. (8%), Haemonchus sp. (4%), Toxocara vitulorum (3%), Trichuris sp. (2%), Strongyloides sp. (2%), and Fasciola sp. (11%).
PREVALENCE OF HELMINTHIASIS IN ETAWA CROSSBREED GOAT IN KALIPURO SUB-DISTRICT BANYUWANGI REGENCY
Authors: Arifin Khoirul - , Ma'ruf Moh. Arief
Published: March 2022

Etawa crossbreed goat are meat and milk-producing livestock that can adapt to the climate in Indonesia. The barriers to raising goats include the problem of disease which is a direct influence on livestock life. This study aims to determine the prevalence of helminthiasis in Etawa Crossbreed Goat in Kalipuro District, Banyuwangi Regency. The study was conducted in January until February 2019 using 100 fecal samples. The samples examination in was performed the laboratory of Instrument Airlangga University PSDKU in Banyuwangi Prodi of Veterinary Medicine, using native, sedimentation and floatation methods. Data obtained from this study were presented descriptively and analyzed by Chi-Square test. Based on examination results, prevalence of helminthiasis in Etawa Crossbreed Goat was 43 %, which is dominately by Moniezia spp. (17%), Haemonchus spp. (15%), Trichuris spp. (9%), Strongyloides spp. (7%), Trichostrongylus spp. (7%). Furthermore, it was suggested that anthelmintic and inspection of helminthiasis in those area given periodically and continuously.
POTENSI HALAL TOURISM DI MASJID NASIONAL AL-AKBAR SURABAYA
Authors: Mulyatiningsih Mulyatiningsih , Herianingrum Sri
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of halal food, Muslim clothing, Islamic finance in the Al-Akbar Mosque as a tourist attraction. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study strategy. The research method used was a case study with a descriptive qualitative approach. This study uses interviews as the primary data collection method. The scope of this research focuses on administrators, visitors, and traders at the Al-Akbar National Mosque in Surabaya. The results of the study found that the theme of food, fashion, and finance at the Al-Akbar National Mosque in Surabaya has been properly organized to make the Al-Akbar National Mosque tour as a modern Islamic tourKeywords: Halal tourism, Halal food, Muslim fashion, Islamic finance
DETERMINAN PROPORSI DANA TABARRU’ PADA ASURANSI JIWA SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Rasyid Ridha , Suprayogi Noven
Published: March 2022

Sharia insurance must separate fund between participant fund and company fund which is effect separate from begining. The purpose of this research is to analyze the determinants of proportion tabarru’fund on participants contribution on sharia life insurance. Focus of research in Indonesia with quantitative approach which data collected from 15 sharia life insurance companys financial statements among 2014 until 2018. Method of research uses regression panel data with fixed effect model. Finding from this research are claim, sharia reinsurance, and operational expenses have significant effect and then investment return of tabarru fund, tabarru’ funds growth, rbc and roe have not significant effect. Finding from this research can be implicated for develop sharia life insurance in Indonesia.Keywords: Proportion of Tabarru’ Fund, Contribution, Sharia Life Insurance, Split Fund
Roll crushers and mills (Design review)
Authors: Mikulionok Іgor , Karvatskii Аnton , Leleka Serhii , Ivanenko Olena
Published: March 2022

The classification of roll crushers and mills for the disintegration of lumpy and loose materials processed at the enterprises of chemical, mining, construction, food and electrode industries, as well as in metallurgy, has been developed. A critical review of the most typical designs of roll crushers and mills proposed by scientists, designers and inventors of the world’s leading countries has been performed. The designs are analyzed according to the number of rolls, type of roll surface, shape of rolls, relative speed of working surface of rolls, possibility of roll surface temperature control, availability of additional working elements, as well as roll surface material.

Analysis of the designs of roll crushers and mills for the disintegration of lumpy and granular materials shows that they exist in numerous standard sizes, but conventional two-roll crushers with smooth, fluted and toothed rolls remain the most demanded by industry. In this case, the most promising area for improvement of roll crushers and mills is to develop designs of crushing elements for the working surface of rolls and materials for their manufacture.

In the future, it is planned to analyze the designs of other types of crushing equipment widespread in industry, such as jaw crushers and drum mills, as well as ways to improve their efficiency.
Naturalité et biodiversité : des relations à préciser pour penser la valeur de conservation des écosystèmes en libre évolution
Authors: Morel Loïs , Chollet Simon
Published: March 2022

Biodiversité et naturalité peuvent être considérées comme deux composantes distinctes et complémentaires des écosystèmes forestiers. Nous partons ici du constat que les relations entre ces deux composantes font encore souvent l’objet de débats, notamment lorsque les solutions basées sur la nature telles que la libre évolution sont proposées comme stratégies de conservation : biodiversité et naturalité n’évoluent pas invariablement dans le même sens et les écosystèmes avec la plus forte naturalité ne sont pas nécessairement les plus riches en biodiversité, ce qui peut conduire à la définition d’enjeux a priori contradictoire. Sur la base d’une revue de la littérature scientifique, nous proposons ici une analyse des réponses de la biodiversité aux quatre principaux gradients définissant la naturalité, à savoir les continuités spatiales et temporelles et la spontanéité dont nous distinguons deux formes, celle de fonctionnement et celle d’assemblage (ou d’origine). Ce travail bibliographique s’appuyant sur une définition pluridimensionnelle de la naturalité nous semble faciliter à la fois la synthèse des connaissances et l’identification des champs de recherches à investir dans le futur pour améliorer notre compréhension des enjeux de conservation des forêts.
Espaces protégés forestiers et libre évolution
Authors: Debaive Nicolas , Drapier Nicolas , Gautier Grégoire , Larrieu Laurent , Bütler Rita
Published: March 2022

La protection d’espaces forestiers en libre évolution, définie formellement pour la première fois dans le parc national des Cévennes, s’inscrit dans la continuité d’une longue histoire de préservation des espaces naturels. Ces forêts couvrent en 2022 environ 41 000 ha en métropole (0,24  % des forêts), principalement grâce aux réserves biologiques intégrales, et contribuent significativement à la préservation d’espèces et écosystèmes forestiers remarquables parfois sur de grandes surfaces d’un seul tenant. Elles sont toutefois actuellement en proportion encore insuffisantes pour assurer la conservation de l’ensemble des espèces forestières. Ces forêts constituent également des terrains d’observation privilégiés pour des recherches scientifiques à long terme. À la recherche du meilleur compromis entre enjeux de protection et faisabilité, la protection d’espaces forestiers en libre évolution nécessite de déployer différents leviers d’acceptabilité sociale. L’expérience ainsi acquise trouvera toute son utilité pour la mise en œuvre de la stratégie nationale pour les aires protégées.
Physicochemical Properties of Jelly Candy Made with Pectin from Red Dragon Fruit Peel in Combination with Carrageenan
Authors: Soedirga Lucia Crysanthy , Marchellin Marchellin
Published: March 2022

Jelly candy is a product with a soft and chewy texture due to a gelling agent such as pectin and carrageenan. Red dragon fruit peel widely uses as natural pectin in various products, one of which is jelly candy. However, the resulting product has a less chewy texture. Thus, combining the natural pectin and carrageenan is expected to improve jelly candy’s physicochemical characteristics. Moreover, in jelly candy products, the combination of carrageenan with red dragon fruit peel pectin have not been applied. The methods in this research consisted of extraction of red dragon fruit peel and jelly candy making. This study uses completely randomized design with two factors: the concentration (3.5%, 4%, 4.5%) and ratio (2:1, 1:1 and 1:2) of red dragon fruit pectin and carrageenan. The jelly candy obtained were observed for its texture, color and moisture content. Hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness were analyzed to determine the texture of jelly candy. The result showed a combination of red dragon fruit peel pectin and carrageenan within a ratio of 2:1 at 4.5%, selected as the best ratio and concentration in making jelly candy. The jelly candy had a hardness value of 421.59±7.94 g, cohesiveness 0.39±0.01, gumminess 122.22±2.77, chewiness 117.54±2.61, lightness 32.39±0.16 and moisture content 45.83±2.68%. This study provides new insight into gelling agents used to produce jelly candy and the effect on the physicochemical characteristics of jelly candy product.
The Alternative Media Supporting the Protocorm and Plantlet Growth of the Indonesian Black Orchid (Coelogyne pandurata Lindl.) Grown In Vitro
Authors: Dwiyani Rindang , Fitriani Yuyun , Mercuriani Ixora Sartika
Published: March 2022

Due to the high cost of the most often used basic media in tissue culture, it is vital to identify more affordable alternatives. This research aimed to determine the best alternative culture media for the protocorm and plantlet growth of Coelogyne pandurata Lindl. It employed a completely randomized design, eight treatments and four replications. The treatments referred to the different types media and consisted of M1 = New Phalaenopsis (NP) medium, M2 = a medium made from foliar fertilizer (FFM), M3 = NP + 2 cc L-1 AB mix solution (a media for hydroponics), M4 = FFM + 2 cc L-1 AB mix solution, M5 = NP + 50 cc L-1 of tomato extract, M6 = NP + 50 cc L-1 of bean sprout extract, M7 = FFM + 50 cc L-1 of tomato extract and M8 = FFM + 50 cc L-1 of bean sprout extract. The M4 medium exhibited the best results in terms of average leaves count (4.80), average shoot length (2.68 cm), average root length (4.35 cm), the average fresh weight per plantlet (214.5 mg) and dry weight of plantlets (73.1 mg). The average number of roots per plantlet was 4.25, acquired using the less expensive M8 treatment, which also produces a negligible number of leaves (4.50). In conclusion, the M4 medium is the most appropriate medium for growing protocorm and plantlet of C. pandurata. The experiment also found that the FFM basic medium combined with 50 cc L-1 of bean sprout extract can be used as another cheaper alternative for growing protocorms of C. pandurata.
Simulation-based analysis of dynamic voltage restorer with sliding mode controller at optimal voltage for power quality enhancement in distribution system
Authors: Zahra S. T. , Khan R. U. , Ullah M. F. , Begum B. , Anwar N.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Nowadays, power quality issues are of considerable interest to both utilities and end users as they cause significant financial losses to the industrial customers. Due to this, power quality assurance in power distribution systems is very important, when considering commercial and industrial applications. Problem Statement. Unfortunately, sudden faults such as sag, transients, harmonics distortion and notching in the power system create disturbances and affect the load voltages. Out of these, voltage sag and harmonics seriously affect sensitive devices. Harmonics in the power system cause increased heating of equipment and conductors, misfires in variable speed drives, and torque pulsations in motors. Harmonics reduction is considered desirable. Methodology. This paper presents an efficient and robust solution to this problem by using dynamic voltage restorer in series with distribution system. Dynamic voltage restorer is economical and effective solution for protecting sensitive loads from harmonics and sag. Control strategy is adopted with dynamic voltage restorer topology and the performance with the proposed controller is analyzed. Novelty. In this research work modelling, analysis and simulation of dynamic voltage restorer with proportional integral controller and dynamic voltage restorer with sliding-mode controller at optimal voltage is used to improve the dynamic voltage restorer performance by reducing total harmonic distortion. Results. The simulation is performed in MATLAB / Simulink software package and comparative analysis of dynamic voltage restorer with different controllers for distribution system is presented. The proposed scheme successfully reduced percentage total harmonics distortion and voltage sag using dynamic voltage restorer with sliding mode controller at optimal voltage which is found to be 0.38 %.
Exploring fish assemblage structure, feeding guild, water quality in a typical river -reservoir interface of tropical multistate large reservoir environment, central India
Authors: Koushlesh Satish Kumar , Johnson Canciyal , Sarkar Uttam Kumar , Das Archan Kanti , Das Basanta Kumar , Lianthuamluaia Lianthuamluaia , Puthiyottil Mishal , Naskar Bablu Kumar
Published: March 2022

The present study aims to understand the spatio-temporal dynamics in habitat ecology and fish assemblage and determine the relationship of habitat transition and fish distribution in a large riverine- reservoir cascade system (Sardar Sarovar Reservoir part in Madhya Pradesh). This study was carried out along a 125 km riverine- reservoir interface during 2018-2020. The study showed presence of a total of 110 fish species (104 spp. in upstream main Narmada River stretch excluding reservoirs, 56 in RRI and 39 in Sardar Sarovar reservoir). We recorded 50 species common in upstream riverine stretch of Narmada and the RRI while RRI uniquely harboured 3 native species (Chitala chitala, Labeo boga, Salmostoma phulo) not previously reported from Narmada River stretch upstream. The SIMPER analysis showed presence of S. phulo causing 27.91%, Schistura dayi (3.71%), Rita pavimentata (3.41%) of dissimilarity among S1, S2 and S3(non-confluence zone) and S4 (confluence zone). The analysis of data indicated disappearance of some species like deccan peninsular carp Labeo fimbriatus, Mahseer Tor khudree which was earlier reported but was absent in recent years. The statistical correlation of environmental variables with observed abundances fish feeding guilds showed significant positive correlation with specific conductivity and total dissolved solids content of the water. The CCA indicated association among omnivorous fishes of the reservoir with water temperature; total dissolved solids; specific conductivity; total alkalinity; chlorophyll and NO3-N. The herbivore fishes were found to be more associated with Magnesium, Dissolved Oxygen and phosphorus content of the water while insectivorous fishes were more associated with the silicate and transparency of the water. The abundance of omnivores species indicated dominance of generalist fish species rather than specialists in the interface region of reservoir showing conservation and ecological importance of the ecosystem. The baseline information generated on fish assemblage and ecological perspectives of the river reservoir interface and science based management measures recommendations formulated in the study are critical for the sustaining fish diversity, promoting fisheries enhancement, and management planning of tropical reservoirs.
Genetic and epigenetic driven variation in regulatory regions activity contribute to adaptation and evolution under endocrine treatment
Authors: Magnani Luca
Published: March 2022

Comprehensive profiling of hormone-dependent breast cancer (HDBC) has identified hundreds of protein-coding alterations contributing to cancer initiation1,2, but only a handful have been linked to endocrine therapy resistance, potentially contributing to 40% of relapses1,3–9. If other mechanisms underlie the evolution of HDBC under adjuvant therapy is currently unknown. In this work, we employ integrative functional genomics to dissect the contribution of cis-regulatory elements (CREs) to cancer evolution by focusing on 12 megabases of non-coding DNA, including clonal enhancers10, gene promoters, and boundaries of topologically associating domains11. Massive parallel perturbation in vitro reveals context-dependent roles for many of these CREs, with a specific impact on dormancy entrance12,13 and endocrine therapy resistance9. Profiling of CRE somatic alterations in a unique, longitudinal cohort of patients treated with endocrine therapies identifies non-coding changes involved in therapy resistance. Overall, our data uncover actionable transient transcriptional programs critical for dormant persister cells and unveil new regulatory nodes driving evolutionary trajectories towards disease progression
Diabetic Retinopathy as a Potential Risk Factor for Ptosis: A 13-Year Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Chun-Ju , Tien Peng-Tai , Chang Cheng-Hsien , Lai Chun-Ting , Hsia Ning-Yi , Yang Yu-Cih , Bair Henry , Chen Huan-Sheng , Chen Wen-Lu , Tsai Yi-Yu
Published: March 2022

Background: To investigate whether patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) or other possible clinical factors are at increased risk of ptosis.Methods: Data was collected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance system and included patients newly diagnosed with DR between 2000 and 2012. The endpoint of interest was a diagnosis of ptosis.Results: Follow-up data of 9,494 patients with DR and 37,976 matched comparisons (non-DR) from 2000 to 2012 were analyzed. Patients with DR were found to have a significantly higher cumulative incidence of ptosis (Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank test p < 0.001). With Cox regression analysis, the DR group was found to have higher risk of developing ptosis (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) [95% CI]: 2.76 [1.74-4.38], p < 0.001) when compared to the control cohort. Higher risks of developing ptosis in patients with DR were found in female patients and in adult patients of all age groups. When stratified by comorbidities, the influence of DR was more prominent for non-smokers. Patients with DR had a higher risk of developing ptosis compared to matched controls, regardless of whether they had lipid metabolism disorders and hypertension.Conclusions: Patients with DR were found to have higher risk of developing ptosis in this cohort study. Thus, patients with DR should be vigilant for symptoms of ptosis. For female patients, adult patients, or patients without smoking, the association of DR with ptosis development is even stronger. Before ptosis surgery, the possibility of underlying diabetes or DR should be also scrutinized and treated properly to avoid undesirable postoperative dissension.
Aqueous organic anode//iodine cascadable battery with ultra-long lifespan, high energy and power density
Authors: Zhang Z.S. , Zhu Yilong , Yu Miao , Jiao Yan , Huang Yan
Published: March 2022

Metal//iodine (I2) batteries have sparked enormous interest as particularly promising energy storage devices. Still, the inherent dendrite growth and electrochemically inactive complexes formed with iodine anionic species at their metal anode make it challenging to substantially improve their performance. Herein, we report the first orgainc anode//I2 battery. The battery delivers ultra-long lifespan (92000 cycles at 40 A g− 1), high rate tolerance (104 mAh g− 1 at 160 A g− 1), energy density (434 Wh kg− 1 at 50420 W kg− 1) and power density (155072 W kg− 1 at 86 Wh kg− 1), far exceeding all the reported aqueous I2-batteries. Moreover, the cascade form of this battery enables a voltage of 2.5 V without employing highly concentrated salts or polymer additives. This work addresses the major challenge of I2-batteries and enriches the family of aqueous halogen-batteries with high performance and unlimited possibilities, and provides a new sight for the construction of high-performance battery systems based on sulfur electrodes.
A Comparative Analysis of Chip Shape, Residual Stresses, and Surface Roughness in Minimum-Quantity-Lubrication Turning with Various Flow Rates
Authors: Sadeghifar Morteza , Javidikia Mahshad , Songmene Victor , Jahazi Mohammad
Published: March 2022

In this research, an experimental investigation was carried out to investigate the interaction between various turning parameters and different Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) flow rates and compare their effects on chip shape and surface integrity characteristics in low speed turning and high speed turning of AA6061-T6. The turning parameters included cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The flow rates comprised 3.5, 10, and 15 ml/min, and the surface integrity characteristics consisted of average arithmetic surface roughness, height peak from the valley, axial and hoop surface residual stresses. The results showed that cutting conditions including cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut affected chip shape, while MQL flow rate had no impact on chip shape. The lowest values of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut, equal to 145 m/min, 0.07 mm/rev, and 0.66 mm, respectively, resulted in the smallest residual stresses for all the flow rates. Moreover, the smallest surface roughness parameters were obtained at the lowest feed rate (0.07 mm/rev) for all the flow rates, whereas there were high interaction effects between cutting speed and flow rate and depth of cut and flow rate. Finally, turning with the minimum quantity lubrications of 3.5 and 10 ml/min, respectively, are suggested to obtain the best overall surface integrity characteristics. These lower values of flow rate are suitable to reduce machining costs, protect the environment, and preserve machinist’s health. Since most of the previous research studies focused on the comparison of the turning environments including dry, MQL, wet, and cryogenic and only a few research works on the comparative analysis of MQL turning with different flow rates were carried out, the results of the present research can be utilized as a reference for future works in this field.
Characterization of antibody and T-cell response after second booster vaccination
Authors: Grikscheit Katharina , Rabenau Holger , Ghodatrian Zahra , Widera Marek , Wilhelm Alexander , Grabmair Tuna Toptan , Hoehl Sebastian , Layer Emily , Helfritz Fabian , Ciesek Sandra
Published: March 2022

The recent surge of infections with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants of prompted countries, such as Israel and Germany, to call for an accelerated booster vaccination program for health care workers and vulnerable groups in order to limit disease and transmission. However, detailed studies analyzing the correlates of protection over time after second booster vaccination are still lacking. Here, we examined the production of Spike receptor binding domain (RBD) -specific antibodies as well as neutralizing antibodies from subjects before, two, and seven weeks after the second booster vaccination against the D614G harboring B.1 variant as well as the variants of concern (VOC) Alpha, Beta, Delta in addition to Omicron BA.1 and BA.2. The second booster vaccination resulted in an increase in anti-RBD IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against B.1 in all individuals tested, then remained nearly constant over the observed period. In addition, a 2nd booster resulted in an increase in neutralizing antibodies against VOCs Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2. However, compared to B.1 the neutralizing capacity of both Omicron subvariants remained low. Neutralization of Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 was limited even after the 2nd booster vaccination indicating that an antibody-mediated protection against infection with this VOC is unlikely, as evidenced by the fact that three of the quadruple vaccinated individuals became infected with BA.1 during the course of the study. Moreover, T cell activation measured by interferon gamma release was detected in all subjects after the 2nd booster vaccination. This may offer protection suggesting protection against severe disease. T-cell activation was independent of the age of the subjects, but correlated with the amount of Spike-specific antibodies. Interestingly, in subjects with Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection, a significant increase in neutralizing antibodies to all tested VOCs studied was observed after the 2nd booster vaccination. Taken together, our data suggest inferior protection from breakthrough infection with the Omicron subvariant BA.1 when compared to other VOCs after four vaccine doses.
Experiment Research on Atomization Process and Dust Reduction Performance of Swirl Pressure Nozzle
Authors: zhou gang , wang junpeng , song ruixin , yang wenyu , xu cuicui
Published: March 2022

In this study, experimental studies on the atomization characteristics, droplet breakup and dust reduction performance of four X-swirl nozzles with different inlet/outlet diameter ratio() were performed. The results of the nozzle atomization characteristics shows that with increases, the atomization angle is increasing trend. The atomization range and the droplet velocity is decreasing trend. The results of the droplet breakup study of the nozzle show that with the increase of , the droplet breakup range of the spray field is gradually increasing, but the droplet breakup intensity of the spray field is gradually decreasing. At = 3.33 and 3.63, droplet breakup occurs mainly in the range of 0–4 mm in the strong turbulent region. At = 3.75, droplet breakup occurs mainly in the range of 0–2 mm in the strong turbulent region. At = 3.96, droplet breakup occurs mainly in the range of 0–1 mm in the strong turbulent region. Droplet breakup in the spray field at = 3.33 and = 3.67 was better than that at = 3.75 and = 3.96. From the dust reduction experimental results, the dust reduction efficiency increases and then decreases with the increase of . The dust reduction efficiency is highest among the four nozzles at = 3.67. Based on the dust reduction curves of four different of nozzles, it is predicted that the optimal dust reduction condition will be achieved at of 3.60, which provides a reference for the design and optimization of nozzles.
Epigenetic regulation of odontogenic stem cells and their application in pulp and periodontal regeneration
Authors: Wu Zhuoxuan , Wang Xiayi , Chen Yuyang , Jia Shiyu , Wan Mian
Published: March 2022

Dental-derived stem cells, an important research target in tissue engineering, have excellent proliferation ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. In recent years, an increasing number of odontogenic stem cells have been discovered, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from exfoliated deciduous tooth (SHEDs), apical papilla stem cells (SCAPs), dental follicle precursor cells (DFPCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Due to the advantages of abundant sources, safe and effective, these stem cells have significant application prospects in tissue regeneration. The biological functions of odontogenic stem cells are regulated in many ways. Epigenetic regulation means changing the expression level and function of a gene without changing its sequence. Epigenetic regulation is involved in many biological processes, such as embryonic development, bone homeostasis, and stem cell fate. Existing studies have shown that odontogenic stem cells are also regulated by epigenetic modifications. Referring to replacing damaged pulp and periodontal tissue and restoring the tissue structure and function under normal physiological conditions, pulp regeneration and periodontal regeneration has better therapeutic effect than traditional treatments. This article reviews the recent research progress on the epigenetic regulation mechanism of odontogenic stem cells, and describes the potential applications of odontogenic stem cells-based epigenetic regulation in dental pulp and periodontal regeneration.
Effects of Omega-3 Supplementation on Components of the Endocannabinoid System and Metabolic and Inflammatory Responses in Adipose and Liver of Peripartum Dairy Cows
Authors: Kra Gitit , Daddam Jayasimha Rayalu , Moallem Uzi , Kamer Hadar , Kočvarová Radka , Nemirovski Alina , Contreras G. Andres , Tam Joseph , Zachut Maya
Published: March 2022

Background
Dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the activation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) by decreasing the availability of arachidonic acid, thus lowering endocannabinoids (eCBs) levels. The ECS is a modulator of energy metabolism, stress response and inflammation in mammals, yet there is little information on the roles of the ECS in transition dairy cows. During the periparturient period, the adipose tissue and liver are the main metabolic organs that participate in the adaptations of dairy cows to onset of lactation; however, exceeded adipose tissue lipolysis and accumulation of lipids in the liver have adverse effects on cows’ physiology. Here we aimed to examine whether omega-3 supplementation during the transition period will modulate ECS activation and affect metabolic and inflammatory indices in postpartum dairy cows, by supplementing twenty-eight transition Holstein dairy cows with either saturated fat (CTL) or encapsulated flaxseed oil (FLX). Components of the ECS, metabolic and inflammatory markers were measured in blood, liver, and subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Results
FLX supplementation reduced feed intake (P < 0.01) and reduced plasma levels of arachidonic acid (P = 0.02) and anandamide (P = 0.03) postpartum compared to CTL. The mRNA expression of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1/CB1) tended to be lower in white blood cells of FLX than in CTL (P = 0.10), and protein abundance of ECS receptor monoacylglycerol lipase was higher in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of FLX than in CTL (P = 0.04). In adipose tissue, palmitoylethanolamide levels were lower in FLX than in CTL (P = 0.02), relative mRNA expressions of lipogenic genes were higher, and the protein abundance of cannabinoid receptor 2 (P = 0.08) and monoacylglycerol lipase (P = 0.10) tended to be higher in FLX compared to CTL. Hepatic 2-arachidonoylglycerol tended to be higher (P = 0.07), and interlukin-6 mRNA expression was lower in liver of FLX than in CTL (P = 0.03).
Conclusions
Nutritional supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids seems to modulate ECS activation, which could be related to lower feed intake. The altered ECS components in blood, adipose tissue and liver are associated with moderate modulations in lipid metabolism in the adipose and inflammation in liver of peripartum dairy cows.
Wearable reproductive trackers: quantifying a key life history
Authors: Ozsanlav-Harris Luke , Griffin Larry , Weegman Mitch D. , Cao Lei , Hilton Geoff M. , Bearhop Stuart
Published: March 2022

Advancements in biologging technology allow terabytes of data to be collected that record the location of individuals but also their direction, speed and acceleration. These multi-stream data sets allow researchers to determine movement and behavioural patterns at high spatiotemporal resolutions and in turn quantify fine-scale changes in state along with likely ecological causes and consequences. The scope offered by such data sets is only increasing there is potential to gain unique insights into a suite of ecological and life history phenomena. We use multi-stream data from global positioning system (GPS) and accelerometer (ACC) tags to quantify breeding events remotely in an Arctic breeding goose. From a training set of known breeders we determine the movement and energy expenditure patterns indicative of incubation and use these to classify breeding events in individuals with unknown reproductive status. Given that researchers are often constrained by the amount of biologging data they can collect due to tag weights, we carry out a sensitivity analysis. Here we explore the relative merits of GPS vs ACC data and how varying the temporal resolution of the data affects the accuracy of classifying incubation. Classifier accuracy deteriorates as the temporal resolution of GPS and ACC are reduced but the reduction in precision (false positive rate) is larger in comparison to recall (false negative rate). Precision fell to 95.5% were as recall rarely fell below 98% over all sampling schedules tested. Our dataset could have been reduced by c.95% while maintaining precision and recall >98%. The GPS-only classifier generally outperformed the ACC-only classifier across all accuracy metrics but both performed worse than the combined GPS and ACC classifier. GPS and ACC data can be used to reconstruct breeding events remotely, allowing unbiased, 24-hour monitoring of individuals. Our resampling-based sensitivity analysis of classifier accuracy has important implications with regards to both tag design and sampling schedules for study systems where tag size is constrained. It will allow researchers with similar aims to optimize tag battery, memory usage and lifespan to maximise the ability to correctly quantify life history events.
Ayurveda interventions for Gout: A systematic review
Authors: PS Aswani , Nair Pratibha P , N Sreedeepthi G , Ahemmed Azeem , Rao B.C.S. , Sudhakar D , Srika N
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPatients with gout frequently use complementary and alternative medicines including Ayurveda medications and treatment procedures and hence it is important to determine their safety and efficacy.ObjectivesA systematic review of the published clinical data in view of safety and effectiveness of Ayurvedic treatment protocols in gout viz-a-viz vatarakta.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials: Issue 6 of 12, June 2018), Google Scholar, AYUSH Research Portal (Govt. of India), DHARA, Ancient Science of Life, Shodhganga@INFLIBNET, Online clinical trial registers and grey literature available from Government Ayurveda College, Trivandrum (Manual search) IPGT & RA, Gujrat Ayurveda UniversityPRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis) guided systematic literature review was performed. We excluded abstract only publications. We were unable to do meta-analysis due to unavailability of suitable studies. Study eligibility criteria: Cases diagnosed as gout by laboratory findings and/or clinical symptoms, who underwent Ayurvedic treatment/Cases clinically diagnosed as Vatarakta, who underwent Ayurvedic treatment. Participants and interventions and controls: We included cases of either sex diagnosed as gout by laboratory findings and/or clinical symptoms, who underwent Ayurvedic treatment/Cases clinically diagnosed as Vatarakta or gout, who underwent Ayurvedic treatment either Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), Quasi-Experimental Trials, Single group clinical trials, Comparative Clinical Trials (CCTs) and Pragmatic trialsResultsA total of 398 potentially relevant studies were found and 21 studies met the inclusion criteria among which 10 studies were pre-post studies, 7 studies were included among Randomized Comparative Clinical Trials, and 4 were among Comparative clinical trials.Conclusions and implications of key findingsEven though Ayurveda physicians are pragmatically treating/rehabilitating Vatarakta/gout cases and reported satisfactory results in term of both safety and efficacy, this review is unable to produce strong valid evidence to prove the efficacy and safety of Ayurveda over Non-Ayurveda interventions or Placebo due to lack of quality and unavailability of published works. So the authors propose well-organized and methodologically sound quality research works in this regard.Systematic review registration number- PROSPERO (CRD42019131198)
The macroscopic limit to synchronization of cellular clocks in single cells of Neurospora crassa
Authors: Cheong Jia , qiu Xiao , Liu Yang , al-omari ahmad , Griffith James , Schuttler Heinz , Mao Leidong , Arnold Jonathan
Published: March 2022

We determined the macroscopic limit for phase synchronization of cellular clocks in an artificial tissue created by a “big chamber” microfluidic device to be about 150,000 cells or less. The dimensions of the microfluidic chamber allowed us to calculate an upper limit on the radius of a hypothesized quorum sensing signal of 13.05 nm using a diffusion approximation for signal travel within the device. The use of a second microwell microfluidic device allowed the refinement of the macroscopic limit to a cell density 2166 cells for phase synchronization. The measurement of averages over single cell trajectories in the microwell device supported a deterministic quorum sensing model identified by ensemble methods for clock phase synchronization. A strong inference framework was used to test the communication mechanism in phase synchronization of quorum sensing versus cell-to-cell contact, suggesting support for quorum sensing. Further evidence came from showing phase synchronization was density-dependent.
Paraurethral Leiomyoma: An Extremely Rare Extrauterine Leiomyoma
Authors: Ahuja Arvind , Rao Swati
Published: March 2022

Leiomyomas occur most frequently in the genitourinary and gastrointestinal system. Amongst all the leiomyoma cases, the most common site of occurrence is the genital tract (95%), while the remaining tend to occur at various other sites of the body. However, paraurethral leiomyomas are extremely rare benign mesenchymal tumours and only few cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we describe a case of paraurethral leiomyoma in an asymptomatic 29-year- old female. MRI revealed a well-defined signal soft tissue intensity lesion in lower 1/3 rd of urethra and vagina measuring approximately 2.67 SI x 2.3 AP x 1.9 TR cms, in the space between urethra and vagina, closely abutting both the structures. Mass was excised under spinal anaesthesia. Histopathological examination along with immunohistochemical positivity with smooth muscle antigen confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma.
Mesenteric Tumor of an Infant: A Clinical and Pathological Surprise
Authors: Osama Md Ali , Singh Smita , Prajapati Sahaj , Choudhury Subhasis Roy , Amina Nishat
Published: March 2022

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a tumefactive proliferation of spindled myofibroblastic cells admixed with inflammatory infiltrate. This tumor has a predilection for pulmonary location and also involves visceral soft tissues in children and adults. Tumors in extrapulmonary locations like abdomen, mesentery, bowel, head & neck, genitourinary and musculoskeletal are more aggressive locally and mimic malignancy. IMTs from colon are very rare and are treated by surgical excision. We report a case of a 9-month old female with IMT of sigmoid colon with no bowel complaints, treated by complete surgical excision with no further treatment needed.
O CONHECIMENTO ESCOLAR EM FOCO: CURRÍCULO E EPISTEMOLOGIA EM DEBATE
Authors: Silva Junior Paulo Melgaço da
Published: March 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo central investigar como o conhecimento escolar está sendo tematizado nas principais revistas de educação do Brasil. Defendemos o argumento de que o conhecimento escolar ocupa o papel central nas teorias de currículo. Para tal utilizamos as indicações da metapesquisa e analisamos 33 artigos publicados em periódicos A1 (qualis/Capes) no período de 2013 a 2018.  Foi possível perceber que os autores estão filiados a diferentes epistemologias e abordam diferentes temas em relação ao conhecimento escolar. No entanto, pouco se preocuparam em verificar como o conhecimento escolar está sendo vivenciado no cotidiano escolar.
Aplicación de recursos tecnológicos digitales para mejorar el nivel de comprensión lectora de lengua catalana. Un estudio de caso
Authors: Buendia Barberà Marina , Holgado García Josep
Published: March 2022

En esta investigación hemos estudiado la relación entre la aplicación de recursos tecnológicos digitales en actividades didácticas de lengua catalana y la mejora del nivel de comprensión lectora de los sujetos. El estudio se ha realizado en el cuarto curso de educación primaria de la escuela La Floresta. Se han utilizado los documentos la Evaluación de la Comprensión Lectora (ACL) y el Estudio Internacional para el Progreso en la Comprensión Lectora (PIRLS) como pruebas pre-test y post-test. Los resultados de la prueba ACL demuestran la mejora del nivel de la comprensión lectora del grupo, llegando a la normalidad e, individualmente, aumentando uno, dos y hasta tres grados. Además, en el test PIRLS, la media grupal superó la internacional y la española en tres de los cuatro textos y, en el cuarto, se quedó a sólo 4 puntos.
Repositorios en la educación: Una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica
Authors: Rodríguez-Aguilar Verónica , Escudero-Nahón Alexandro , Canchola-Magdaleno Sandra Luz
Published: March 2022

La preservación de los saberes en repositorios es vital para las instituciones educativas. Sin embargo, no existe un estudio comprensivo que identifique el estado de la cuestión de los repositorios educativos. El objetivo de esta investigación documental fue aplicar un meta-análisis cualitativo con enfoque mixto para cumplir con tal fin. Se analizaron 194 artículos de investigación obtenidos en las bases de datos ScienceDirect y Dialnet. Los resultados sugieren que el 65% de estos documentos (126) aborda artículos sobre la disciplina educativa y, en esta área, en el 2015 se hicieron el mayor número de publicaciones. España es el país que desataca en producción científica en este sentido. El objetivo recurrente en esos estudios es el análisis situacional y la metodología más utilizada es cualitativa. México ha tenido una participación destacada, pero insuficiente en este tema. En conclusión, se puntualiza la necesidad de aumentar las exploraciones sobre repositorios dedicados al almacén de objetos de aprendizaje y desarrollo de software educativo, así como un estudio conceptual para ordenar y clasificar la creciente proliferación de repositorios de diverso tipo.
Economic study for the impact of establishing water users associations in the improved areas – case study: El-Atf canal – Egypt
Authors: Abd El Maksoud Abd El Magid H. A. , El Gamal Talaat
Published: March 2022

Water users associations (WUAs) were established in Egypt to help in rational distribution of irrigation water, in the operation and the maintenance of the improved Mesqas, and in solving the disputes between farmers. This study aimed to assess the economic impact of establishing water users' associations on improving farmers' income through increasing productivity and decreasing irrigation cost. The current study was conducted in an improved canal in El-Menoufia irrigation directorate (El-Atf canal), and it assessed the expected roles of WUAs boards in serving different members through identifying problems and giving suggestions to overcome them, the obstacles of establishing new associations and the impact of WUAs activities on improving the equity of water distribution. The economic impact of WUAs was assessed through comparing the net return per unit area and per unit of water, and water productivity in WUAs fields with traditional fields. The results referred to significant increase in crops yield with a decrease in total cost. As a result, there was an increase in the net return per unit of area and per unit of water. The differences were noticeable at tail end reaches due to the irrigation problems at these reaches before the establishment of WUAs.