bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The African Allegations towards Ignorance of International Criminal Court: Does International Criminal Court unfairly focusing on Africa?
Authors: Guder Lamessa Gudeta
Published: March 2021

Though, African continent has the highest number of state parties to the Rome Statute, recently several criticisms and allegations have been leveled against ICC interventions in Africa. AU and African higher official apparently call for non-cooperation of ICC. They believed that, ICC is unfairly targeting Africa and Africans, and it is a neo-colonial plaything and that Africa has been a place to experiment with their ideas. Such allegation begs question that is really the ICC unfairly focusing Africa and Africans? Therefore, it needs evaluating these accusations by considering the whole process and function of ICC. Accordingly, when we evaluate the allegations, it seems too far from trues. Because, on one hand, many of allegation and criticism itself is not representative of African peoples rather it is the allegation of some African political leaders of authoritarian nature of power those who fears the prosecution for the commission of mass crime and atrocities in their respective countries. On other hand the composition of the court by itself is Africans. It is a global court with historically strong African support. It would not be the court it is today without the valuable input, involvement and support of the majority of African states. The court seeks justice for victims of grave crimes, including African victims; it needs the ongoing support of African government, civil society and public in order to achieve justice. It was intended to be a credible, independent judicial body, able to adjudicate the most serious of international crimes fairly and impartially, where National judicial systems have failed and fight against impunity all over the world.
The Role of Managerial Accountants and the Implementation and Monitoring of the Balanced Scorecard Metrics: A Literature Review
Authors: G.S. Dhameeth, , L. Diasz,
Published: March 2021

Organizational leaders use many management tools when planning and controlling. One of the most widely used is the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) metrics. Based on a literature review method used, this paper explored the dynamics that influence organizations to overlook the inputs of managerial accountants when using BSC when measuring organizational performance. We found that a misfit between the strategy of the firm and the firm’s internal capabilities and skills and the inability of the financial perspective to predict and improve financial performance to be predominant factors to overlook the inputs of managerial accountants when using BSC.
EVALUATION OF ANTI-OXYTOCIC ACTIVITY OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS JINISH JOSE DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY
Authors: P KALA
Published: March 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the anti-oxytocic activity of ethanolic extract of Asparagus racemosus root.

Methods: Ethanolic extract of A. racemosus root was taken by Soxhlet extraction method. Wistar strain albino non-pregnant female rats of weight 200–300 g were pre-treated with estrogen and were sacrificed to take their uterus. The tissue was then mounted in an organ bath containing de Jalon’s solution. The response of the tissue to various doses of oxytocin alone and then on adding increasing doses of the alcoholic extracts of A. racemosus along with the dose of oxytocin which produces sub-maximal contraction were recorded on a smoked drum.

Results: Extract in doses up to 40 mg when given along with oxytocin 0.1 unit produced graded increase in contractions in rat uterus. From 80 mg onward graded blockade of contractions occurred with complete blockade at 200 mg. On complete removal of the extract by thorough washing, it was seen that oxytocin was again able to produce contractions of the rat uterus tissue.

Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of A. racemosus root had demonstrated good anti-oxytocic property.
VIWITHAN: A STANDARDIZED ASHWAGANDHA EXTRACT AMELIORATES OVALBUMININDUCED AIRWAY-INFLAMMATION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN MOUSE MODEL
Authors: HS VASAVI , HV SUDEEP , ILLURI RAMANAIAH , K SHYAMPRASAD
Published: March 2021

Objective: Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha, Indian ginseng, has been used in Ayurvedic and indigenous medicinal preparations for various disease conditions since long time. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of Viwithan, a standardized proprietary extract from Ashwagandha roots, against airway-inflammation and oxidative stress modulation in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine model of inflammation.

Methods: Allergic asthma was initiated in BALB/c mice by sensitizing with OVA on days 1 and 14, followed by intranasal challenge with OVA on days 27, 28, and 29. Mice were administered Viwithan (200 and 400 mg/kg) by oral gavage before challenge. Then, mice were evaluated for the presence of airway inflammation, production of allergen-specific cytokine response, lung pathology, and oxidative stress modulation.

Results: The results showed that treatment with Viwithan attenuated OVA-induced lung inflammation in mice. Viwithan significantly attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and markedly reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-10, and transforming growth factor-β1 in lung tissues. Viwithan treatment considerably reduced the lung weight in OVA-sensitized mice. Viwithan markedly attenuated the OVA-induced generation of reactive oxygen species in lung tissues.

Conclusion: Together, these results suggested that Viwithan alleviates OVA-induced airway-inflammation and oxidative stress, highlighting the potential of standardized Ashwagandha extract as a useful therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis management.
EVALUATION OF RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTIC DRUGS IN SURGERY DEPARTMENT AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: NYAYAKAR SREEJA , MS MANDARA , M HEMALATHA , LALLAWMAWMI  , MOHAMMED SALAHUDDIN  , HASANI FATEMEH
Published: March 2021

Objective: Antibiotics are the only drug where use in one patient can impact the effectiveness in another, so antibiotic misuse adversely impacts the patients and society. Improving antibiotic use improves patient outcomes and saves money. Antibiotic resistance has been identified as a major threat by the WHO due to the lack of development of new antibiotics and the increasing infections caused by multidrug resistance pathogens became untreatable.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted for a period of 6 months. Data were collected from prescriptions and inpatient record files at the surgery department of the tertiary care hospital. Patients above age of 18 years of either gender whose prescription containing the antibiotics and patients who are willing to participate in the study were included in the study. Microsoft Excel was used for recording and analyzing the data of recruited subjects.

Results: During our study period, we have collected 100 cases as per inclusion criteria, in total collected 100 cases, 52% are male and 48% are female. The mean age and standard deviation of the study population were found to be 46.61±16.12. The most commonly prescribed classification before and after the surgery is cephalosporin’s that is 57%. Results show that in pre-surgery, almost 93% of prescriptions have chosen the drugs as per ASHP guidelines, whereas in post-surgery, 95% of drugs have selected the drug as per ASHP guidelines.

Conclusion: Our study has observed that some of the prescriptions are irrationally prescribed so the pharmacist has to take the responsibility to improve the awareness regarding rational prescribing of antibiotics. The national wide monitoring of antibiotics use, national schemes to obtain rational use of antibiotics, reassessing the prescriptions, education to practitioners, and surveys on antibiotics should be implemented.
STUDY ON RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC PROFILE OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE PATIENTS IN GOVERNMENT GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: P, SUCHARITHA J LAKSHMI , SINDHU M JAYA , TEJA A CHARAN , B MADHURI
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study mainly aims to assess and evaluate risk factors, clinical and therapeutical profile in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and promote rational drug therapy; to identify the prevalence of COPD symptoms and to assess the drugs prescribed in treating COPD patients; and to evaluate patterns of diagnosing COPD in patients and determine the severity of COPD in patients using COPD assessment test (CAT).

Methods: A prospective observational study conducted in government general hospital among 220 patients for 6 months. Data were collected from patients by CAT questionnaire through interviewing each subject.

Results: The majority of the patients (36%) were in the age group of 71–80 years. Males are more prone to the COPD (91%). Most common initiation interdependence of these habits are 31–40 years and 61.8% are suffering with comorbidities. A total of 145 (65%) have social habits. About 68% of the patients are suffering from occupational exposure, 78% of the patients are suffering from old pulmonary problems.

Conclusion: Clinical pharmacist main provision is providing care to individual patients by patient counseling, regarding the rational usage of drug and also providing proper education regarding the usage of nebulizers and creating awareness to the patients.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF SERUM FOLATE CONCENTRATION AND HEMOGLOBIN IN CERVIX CARCINOMA PATIENTS
Authors: KM SHANNO , SHARMA DISHA , MISHRA SUDHANSHU
Published: March 2021

Objective: The study aimed to have a prospective study of serum folate concentration and hemoglobin (Hb%) in cervical carcinoma patients.

Methods: The study was conducted on women suffering from carcinoma cervix. The research was conducted in the Gynecological Outpatient Department (OPD) of the Oncology Unit in Mahavir Cancer Sansthan Patna, Bihar. The study period was from May 2016 to April 2017. The sample was collected after face to face interview by Figo staging and the sample was taken regularly. As a result strong association of Hb% and carcinoma cervix was found with the mean value of lower than 11.12, which is lower than the normal range of Hb%. As per the further estimation of folic acid, the level of cervical cancer is low.

Results: The data were estimated with help of tools such as SPSS 16.0 and PRISMA 5.0. The Hb% the mean value of patients was estimated to be lower than 11.12, which is not under the normal range of Hb%, that is, nearly 12.5 mg/dl. The low mean value shows less Hb% content which leads to anemia in normal beings as well as in patients with cervical cancer. A strong association of Hb% which affected to patients in carcinoma cervix can be seen in the graph that the mean value of patients low 11.12±0.20 which not comes under normal range of Hb%, that is, 12.5 mg/dl. The R square value is 0.9556.

Conclusion: As per our study, we have estimated that the folic acid level in cervical cancer is low. The -normal range of folic acid level in plasma serum is 2.2–20 ug/ml. The mean of 20 control cases, new cervical cancer patients, on treating patients, and follow-up patients is 11.08, 2.206, 3.554, and 2.783, respectively. The control 11.08 shows the better level in plasma serum level comes under a normal range of folic acid level.
IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS INCIDENCE AT HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS IN HAJI REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL, MAKASSAR
Authors: ALDILA SATRIA MUHAMMAD , SUPARDI SUDIBYO
Published: March 2021

Objective: This study aims to identify inpatient medication problems and analyze the association between patient characteristics and the incidence of the drug-related problem (DRP) experienced by patients.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Haji Regional General Hospital, Makassar, using medical record data for inpatients from January to February 2020. Data were collected from September to October 2020. A total of 247 inpatients were identified using the Indonesian version of the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe.

Results: The most common DRP problem found is the effect of drug treatment not optimal (P1.2) by 35.76% and the most common cause found is no or incomplete drug treatment despite existing indication (C1.6) by 20.16%. Bivariate analysis shows that age, length of stay, and the number of drugs received are significant different with the incidence of DRP in patients (p < 0,01) respectively. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression shows that age, sex, and the number of drugs could significantly affect the incidence of DRP (p<0.05) with the r-square (R2) of 21.6%. According to this model, the largest odds ratio number and the most likely to experience DRP in a patient are age, the number of drugs, then gender (5,2; 4,6; and 2,3).

Conclusion: Age, length of stay, and the number of drugs received affect the DRP incidence in a patient, while gender together with age and the number of drugs affecting the incidence of DRP in a patient.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS ON COGNITION FUNCTIONS IN PATIENTS OF MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN HARYANA
Authors: RANI SEEMA , SINDHU NITIKA , SAINI RAHUL , PANDEY A.K , NARWAT ARVIND , GARG SUNNY
Published: March 2021

Objective: Depression is one of the most common mood disorders. Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) usually present alterations in various cognitive functions. Several cost-effective interventions have shown favorable recovery and positive outcomes in the care and management of depression. The objective of the study was to compare the effect of fluoxetine (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), and venlafaxine (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors) on cognitive functioning in patients with MDD.

Methods: This prospective, single-blinded, randomized, and comparative interventional clinical study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Haryana. Fifty-two patients of MDD (ICD-10) were randomly divided into two groups: Group F and Group V, allocated to receive fluoxetine and venlafaxine, respectively. The assessment was done during the enrolment and at the end of the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th weeks of treatment using the ABC-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Scale.

Statistical Analysis Used: The intragroup analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA while intergroup analysis was performed using unpaired “t”-test. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Mean HAM-D score was clinically as well as statistically significant at the end of the 12th week of treatment as compared to baseline in both the groups while on the intergroup comparison, there was no statistically significant difference in both groups. The mean MoCA score was (25±2.19) in Group F and (23.76±6.97) in Group V at the end of the 12th week. On intergroup analysis at the 12th week, a statistically significant improvement in cognitive functions was observed in patients Group F as compared to Group V (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The study of fluoxetine comparatively better improves cognition functions as compared to venlafaxine.
ADVERSE DRUG REACTION MONITORING AMONG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS OF TERTIARY CARE CENTER OF NORTH INDIA RELATED TO ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS
Authors: MISHRA SEEMA , AHMAD SYED S , NIGAM NILAM , SHANKAR PRATAP , KUMAR SHRAVAN , KUMAR VINAY , GUPTA SHALINI
Published: March 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to monitor the adverse drug reactions (A.D.Rs.) associated with antihypertensive drugs.

Methods: All patients coming to the department with blood pressure systolic above 120 mmHg and diastolic above 90 mmHg and prescribed hypertensives will be screened for the study.

Results and Discussion: A total of 136 patients were observed during the study. Out of 136 patients, 23 (17%) A.D.Rs. were recorded. A study conducted by Ramesh et al. in the Indian capital reports that 22.3% of the patients experienced A.D.Rs.

Conclusion: Furthermore, any appearance of A.D.Rs. due to side effects of the drugs or due to bad control and patients non-compliance, it was treated mainly by decreasing the doses of the drugs, switching them to another active substance from the same pharmacological group, or by adding more active substances from different pharmacological groups in lower dosages to achieve the B.P goals.
URARIA PICTA (JACQ.): A REVIEW ON ETHNOMEDICAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: MANE JAYKUMAR , NAGORE DHEERAJ , CHITLANGE SOHAN
Published: March 2021

The aim of this systematic review is to provide an in-depth study of ethnological uses, phyto-chemistry, pharmacological activities, and toxicological research in Uraria picta (Jacq.), to identify remaining gaps, and to provide a basis for future research. By searching for the words “U. picta” and “Prishnaparni” in electronic databases such as SciFinder, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar, information on common uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities was systematically collected. Phytochemical analysis of U. picta shows various components such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, phenols, and saponins. The extracts and their isolated components showed numerous in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects, including urinary tract diseases, tumors, edema, smoking, and dyspnea. On the other hand, searches of patent databases found almost seven applications, highlighting the differences between a large number of published scientific articles and non-existent patent applications. This event demonstrates the technological potential of undiscovered species. Ethnographic research shows that U. picta, an important Asian medicinal plant, is used to treat many diseases. In this review, the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, pharmacological, and ethnological properties of various morphological parts of the U. picta plant are highlighted. Future research has provided information for commercial research and has shown that this herb has tremendous potential for pharmaceutical and nutritional applications.
Family Support Related to Information, Comfort, Economy and Spiritual in Preeclamptic Pregnancy Care: Qualitative Exploration
Authors: Insani Uswatun , Supriatun Evi
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Preeclampsia is emergencies in obstetrics, where pregnant women experience health conditions that can be life-threatening and can occur during pregnancy, natal and post-natal. If this obstetric emergency is not treated immediately, it can result in death the mother and also the fetus. Understanding care needs of pregnant with preeclampsia is very important for families because most pregnant women and their families lack understanding and information about high-risk pregnancy care for this disease. Objectives: This research aims to explore the needs of families in the care of preeclampsia. Methods: This research used qualitative descriptive to obtain answers related to individual opinions, responses and perceptions with exploring family needs for care pregnant with preeclampsia. Results: The results of this research there are seven themes related to family needs in pregnancy care with preeclampsia, namely: 1) Description of family knowledge about pregnant with preeclampsia, 2) Information needs, 3) Comfort needs, 4) Economic / financial needs, 5) Spiritual needs, 6) Needs for support from other family members, 7) Need for support from health workers. Conclusions: The importance of involvement of the family and surrounding environment, as a source of strength for pregnant with preeclampsia allows better care for mothers, their babies and reduces the consequences of advanced preeclampsia. Health workers are expected to be able to involve families in the care of pregnant women with preeclampsia as a promotional, preventive and curative effort. 1) Description of family knowledge about pregnant with preeclampsia, 2) Information needs, 3) Comfort needs, 4) Economic / financial needs, 5) Spiritual needs, 6) Needs for support from other family members, 7) Need for support from health workers. Conclusions: The importance of involvement of the family and surrounding environment, as a source of strength for pregnant with preeclampsia allows better care for mothers, their babies and reduces the consequences of advanced preeclampsia. Health workers are expected to be able to involve families in the care of pregnant women with preeclampsia as a promotional, preventive and curative effort. 1) Description of family knowledge about pregnant with preeclampsia, 2) Information needs, 3) Comfort needs, 4) Economic / financial needs, 5) Spiritual needs, 6) Needs for support from other family members, 7) Need for support from health workers. Conclusions: The importance of involvement of the family and surrounding environment, as a source of strength for pregnant with preeclampsia allows better care for mothers, their babies and reduces the consequences of advanced preeclampsia. Health workers are expected to be able to involve families in the care of pregnant women with preeclampsia as a promotional, preventive and curative effort.
Self-Care Behavior in Heart Failure Patients: Impact on Cardiovascular Health Profile
Authors: Prihatiningsih Dwi , Widaryati Widaryati
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Heart failure is a complex syndrome with characteristic symptoms of shortness of breath, fatigue, and signs of fluid retention. Self-care is the cornerstone of successful heart failure management. The cardiovascular health profile is a direct indicator of successful self-care. Objectives: The objective of the study was to examine the association between self-care and the cardiovascular health profile including smoking status, body mass index, total cholesterol, blood pressure and blood glucose level. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study of heart failure patients at PKU Muhammadiyah hospital of Yogyakarta between August to October 2020 with sample of 100 participants. Chi square test was used to test the relationship between the two variables. Results: The finding shows that self-care management is the dimension with the highest level of self-care (96.2%) and self-care confidence is the lowest percentage of adequate self-care (13.0%). Among five cardiovascular health profile, smoking status is the highest metric with an ideal percentage (95.0%) and the lowest percentage was blood glucose metric (14.0%). The results of the correlation test between self-care and the total cardiovascular health profile showed no significant relationship between the two variables. However, there was one dimension of self-care, namely self-care maintenance which has a significant relationship with total cholesterol levels with a value of p = 0.008. Conclusions: It is important to provide individualized health education to help the patients to improve their self-care and cardiovascular health profile in heart failure patients.
DNA Profiling of Biotypes of Trichosanthes Tricuspidata; an Important Ethno medicinal Cucurbit Using RAPD, ISSR and Scot Molecular Marke
Authors: Gandu Rajender , Padala Thirupathi , .K Deepikaraj , Thammidala Christopher
Published: March 2021

Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour., is an important ethnomedicinal plant belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is known by various vernacular names like Red ball snake gourd in English, Lal Indrayan in Hindi, Kalayar in Malayalam, and Avaduta in Telugu. There are several studies about the medicinal applications of Trichosanthes tricuspidata, but there is scanty information about molecular level identification of different biotypes of Trichosanthes tricuspidata. Hence, the present study was undertaken to develop a protocol for genetic analysis of three biotypes of Trichosanthes tricuspidata collected from wild areas of Warangal, Karimnagar and Adilabad districts of Telangana State, India by using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) primers-based PCR method. Genomic DNA was isolated from 1-gram fresh leaf material of three biotypes of T. tricuspidata. The primers OPA-2 of RAPD, S-5 of ISSR and S-8 of SCoT has shown good amplification with generation of monomorphic DNA bands ranging from 250 bp to 1000 bp by OPA-2 of RAPD primer; 500 bp to 1500 bp by S-5 of ISSR primer and 1450 bp by S-8 of SCoT primer. In conclusion, no genetic variation was detected in three biotypes, as the generated DNA bands from OPA-2 of RAPD, S-5 of ISSR and S-8 of SCoT primer-based amplifications were monomorphic. The developed protocol of genetic analysis of three biotypes of T. tricuspidata by RAPD, ISSR and SCoT primers could be used in near future for molecular level studies.
O processo judicial eletrônico no tribunal de justiça do distrito federal e dos territórios
Authors: Rabelo Tiago Carneiro
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem por escopo realizar uma análise que atravessa o Poder Judiciário, no tocante a sua

informatização, por meio do estudo da Lei 11.419 de 2006 (Lei de informatização do processo judicial),

que desenvolveu um novo paradigma processual com a inflexão de procedimentos eletrônicos aliado

aos recursos tecnológicos, em especial nas citações, intimações e na tramitação processual por meio

da rede mundial de computadores. Para tanto, será feita uma contextualização legal com o marco

histórico da implantação do sistema Processo Judicial Eletrônico (PJe), do Conselho Nacional de Justiça,

no âmbito do Tribunal de Justiça do Distrito Federal e dos Territórios, com vistas ao aprimoramento do

acesso à justiça, da celeridade processual e da sustentabilidade.
A cláusula penal nos contratos de incorporação imobiliária
Authors: Silva João Gabriel Ribeiro Pereira
Published: March 2021

A regulamentação da resilição unilateral do contrato de compra e venda de imóveis submetido ao regime de

incorporação imobiliária prevista na Lei 13.786, de 27 de dezembro de 2018, não afasta o dever do Judiciário

de controlar a proporcionalidade da cláusula penal, mesmo que submetida aos limites previstos no novo

diploma legal. No presente trabalho, serão oferecidas ferramentas, para que o mencionado controle seja

feito de maneira objetiva, por meio da decomposição analítica dos elementos que constituem as perdas

ordinariamente advindas dessa modalidade de extinção contratual e da atribuição a elas do peso de 20%

sobre a totalidade da cláusula penal. Objetiva-se, com isso, disponibilizar critérios que ofereçam padrões

mais claros para a tomada de decisão, evitando-se o subjetivismo e as decisões contraditórias.
Os efeitos da estabilização do artigo 304 do ncpc e a vedação expressa à não formação da coisa julgada
Authors: Da Silva Zinco Geovana
Published: March 2021

A reflexão aqui proposta tem como objeto a estabilização da tutela provisória de urgência, delimitada legalmente na modalidade da tutela antecipada antecedente, com ênfase no regime do artigo 304 do Novo Código de Processo Civil de 2015 para concessão do instituto. E, neste contexto, a verificação de o que influenciou o legislador processualista a dispor expressamente que as decisões concessivas da medida antecipatória, quando estabilizadas, não fazem coisa julgada e, por isso, também não são objeto de ação rescisória. Para tanto, a estabilização será situada a partir da evolução que o modelo clássico de processo civil, de bases liberais (Estado Liberal), sofreu pela insuficiência doutrinária das utópicas verdades absolutas bem como pela escassez de técnicas processuais diferenciadas para melhor atender os diversos direitos dos cidadãos, para então ressurgir com contornos constitucionais (Estado Constitucional), com destaque para o processo civil brasileiro (CPC/73). Fixadas as premissas que importam no trabalho, ao indicar a semelhança do instituto com a técnica monitória, busca-se também apurar se a estabilização, formada com base em cognição judicial sumária e sem a impugnação do réu, ou pela inércia das partes, após o transcurso do biênio previsto na lei, confunde-se ou não com a própria coisa julgada, apesar da sua vedação legal. Visa-se mensurar qual o grau de estabilidade do instituto no sistema, mediante uma perspectiva doutrinária contemporânea e constitucional, mas guiada pela ótica legislativa.
La escritura del silencio en tres cuentistas latinoamericanos : Efrén Hernández, Francisco Tario y Felisberto Hernández
Authors: Ramírez Rave Juan Manuel
Published: March 2021

En esta publicación, se reúnen los antecedentes de la escritura del silencio de tres narradores latinoamericanos: Felisberto Hernández, Francisco Tario y Efrén Hernández. Se pretende ofrecer tres miradas sobre la escritura silenciosa de estos cuentistas y una breve aproximación a sus poéticas del silencio. En la primera parte, se defiende una premisa, a saber: palabra y silencio son compatibles sin ser entidades comparables. De tal forma, se evita caer en una postura sobre el silencio, caracterizada por una visión negativa y reduccionista, en la que se le otorga una función siempre subsidiaria, es decir, de dependencia de la palabra. En la segunda parte, se pretende evidenciar la conciencia y la escritura del silencio en la obra de los tres autores; se busca subsanar la ausencia de una tipología silenciaria, específica para la narrativa, a partir de la revisión de una serie de propuestas, vinculadas con la estilística, la retórica, la estética y la poética del silencio en la lírica. En ...
Neutral theory exposes the challenge of bending the curve of biodiversity loss for the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework
Authors: Buschke Falko
Published: March 2021

In May, nations of the world will meet to negotiate the post-2020 Global
Biodiversity Framework under the Convention on Biological Diversity. An
influential ambition is “bending the curve of biodiversity loss”,
which aims to reverse the decline of global biodiversity indicators. A
second relevant, yet less prominent, milestone is the 20th anniversary
of the publication of The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and
Biogeography. Here, I apply neutral theory to show how global
biodiversity indicators for population size (Living Planet Index) and
extinction threat (Red List Index) decline under neutral ecological
drift. This demonstrates that declining indicators alone do not
necessarily reflect deterministic species-specific or geographical
patterns of biodiversity loss. Thus, “bending the curve” could be
assessed relative to a counterfactual based on neutral theory, rather
than static baselines. If used correctly, the 20-year legacy of neutral
theory can be extended to make a valuable contribution to the post-2020
Global Biodiversity Framework
Induced magnetic states upon electron-hole injection at B and N sites of hexagonal Boron Nitride bilayer: A DFT study
Authors: Chettri B , Patra P. K. , Chhana Lalmuan , Zuala Lalhriat , Verma Swati , Rao B , Verma Mohan , Thakur Vishal , Kumar Narender , Hieu Nguyen , Rai Dibya Prakash
Published: March 2021

We have reported the electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of the
top layer carbon-doped hexagonal Boron Nitride(h-BN) bilayer at
B/N-sites using the density functional theory implemented in Quantumwise
VNL-ATK package. The calculated structural and electronic properties of
the h-BN bilayer are in agreement with the previously reported results.
A single carbon doping on B and N sites modifies the large band gap
semiconducting behaviour of h-BN bilayer similar to dilute magnetic
semi-conducting material with a net magnetic moment of 1.001 μ B and
0.998 μ B , respectively. For double doping at B/N sites net magnetic
moment increases to 1.998 μ B and 1.824 μ B , respectively. Whereas for
triply carbon doped bilayer system at B/N sites, the system changes to
metallic behaviour. Upon carbon doping at N-site, we obtained transition
from Non-Magnetic semiconductor(Pristine) → Magnetic semiconductor(1C) →
Half-Metal ferromagnetic(2C) → Metal(3C). Whereas, in case of doping at
the B-site, we observed transition from Non-Magnetic
Semiconductor(Pristine) → Magnetic Semiconductor(1C) → Metal (2C, 3C).
Analysis from the PDOS plot of the car- bon doped systems reveals that
the net magnetic moments are contributed by the 2p orbitals of carbon
and partial contribution from the neighboring nitrogen and boron atoms,
respectively. As 1,2C doping at the B-site reduces the energy band gap
to 0.81-1.8 eV which falls in the visible spectrum and thus such system
further opens up an opportunity to be utilised as a photocatalys
material. Our carbon doped systems show a magnetic semiconducting
behavior with a nite magnetic moment which is one of the criteria for a
spintronic material. So, our system looks promising in this regard.
Also, Carbon doping can be considered as a simple approach to tune the
band gap of the Boron Nitride bilayer system.
Ductal carcinoma in situ presenting as a cystic retroareolar lesion in an African American man
Authors: Ndumele Amara , Kerger Amy , Tozbikian Gary , Obeng-Gyasi Samilia , Oppong Bridget
Published: March 2021

We report an unusual finding of DCIS within a cystic lesion in a black
man highlighting the need for adequate workup, and timely follow-up for
men with breast/chest wall masses given the lack of screening in this
population. Furthermore, we will explore how race contributes to
prognosis and health outcomes.
Global perspective of local meteoric water lines based on daily and monthly data: a consideration of climate types
Authors: Song Yang , Wang Shengjie , Argiriou Athanassios , Zhang Mingjun , Shi Yudong
Published: March 2021

The stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes as well as their correlation in
precipitation have been widely investigated for the understanding of
various hydrological processes. Monthly precipitation data were usually
recommended in order to establish a linear relationship between the
stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios (also known as local meteoric
water lines or LMWL for a specific location); however, the LMWL based on
daily (or event-based) precipitation data is usually different from that
using monthly data. Based on 83 sampling stations across the world from
2000 to 2017, local meteoric water lines were calculated using daily (or
event-based) precipitation data (n=9354) and corresponding monthly data
(n=1895), respectively; multiple regression methods were used, including
ordinary least squares, reduced major axis and major axis regressions as
well as their precipitation-weighted counterparts. The global meteoric
water line from daily data is δ2H = (7.72 ± 0.02) δ18O + (6.84 ± 0.15)
(n=9354, r2=0.96) and from monthly data is δ2H = (7.81 ± 0.04)
δ18O+(7.61 ± 0.32) (n=1895, r2=0.96). The stations used in this study
were grouped into five climate types, according to the Köppen Climate
classification. The precipitation-weighted regression may increase the
long-term receptiveness of LMWL using daily-based (or event-based)
samples, not only for arid regions, but also for cold regions. When only
relatively short-term isotopic records in event-based precipitation
samples are available, which is usual in modern hydrological studies,
the weighted regression (especially precipitation weighted ordinary
least squares regression, PWLSR) is helpful to create a respective local
meteoric water line.
Regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC) as an endoscopic marker for exclusion of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Fan , qin shaoyou , Wang Song , Wang Jiangbin
Published: March 2021

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most common cause of
gastric cancer. Growing evidence suggests that the regular arrangement
of collecting venules (RAC) can be used as an endoscopic marker to
diagnose H. pylori infection. However, data on the diagnostic accuracy
of RAC for H. pylori infection are conflicting. We performed a
systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies to determine the
diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of RAC for the diagnosis of H.
pylori infection. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase,
Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library between inception and Oct 29,
2020, for studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of RAC for H.
pylori infection. Results: The literature search yielded 2921
nonduplicated screened titles, of which 58 underwent full-text review.
Fifteen studies, representing a total of 6621 patients, met the
inclusion criteria. The area under the summary receiver operating
characteristic curve was 0.98 (95% CI 0.96 to 0.99). The pooled
estimates for RAC were 0.98 (95% CI 0.95 to 0.99) for sensitivity and
0.75 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.88) for specificity. The pooled positive
likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) were 3.8
(95% CI 1.9 to 7.7) and 0.03 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.07), respectively.
Conclusions: RAC can be used as an endoscopic marker for exclusion of H.
pylori infection. However, it cannot be recommended as a single
indicator for the confirmation of H. pylori infection. The conclusion of
this study should be treated with caution because significant
heterogeneity exists between the evaluated studies.
Why is phloem sap nitrate kept low?
Authors: Cui Jing , Peuke Andreas D. , Limami Anis , Tcherkez Guillaume
Published: March 2021

Since the first description of phloem sap composition nearly 60 years
ago, it is generally assumed that phloem sap does not contain nitrate
and that there is little or no backflow of nitrate from shoots to roots.
While it is true that nitrate can occasionally be absent from phloem
sap, there is now substantial evidence that phloem can carry nitrate and
furthermore, transporters involved in nitrate redistribution to shoot
sink organs and roots have been found. This raises the question of why
nitrate may or may not be present in phloem sap, why its concentration
is generally kept low, and whether plant shoot-root nutrient cycling
also involves nitrate. We propose here that phloem sap nitrate is not
only an essential component of plant nutritional signaling but also
contributes to physical properties of phloem sap and as such, its
concentration is controlled to ensure proper coordination of plant
development and nutrient transport.
Factors influencing cartilage tympanic perforation repair in children.
Authors: SIMON François , Thierry Briac , Rabeony Tioka , Verrier Florian , Elie Caroline , Loundon Natalie , Leboulanger Nicolas , Couloigner Vincent , Garabédian Erea-Noël , Denoyelle Françoise
Published: March 2021

Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify factors that could
influence the repair of eardrum perforation using cartilage graft (or
cartilage tympanoplasty) in children. Methods: A cohort of children
operated on between January 1998 and December 2012 was reviewed. We have
studied the repair rate of the eardrum (anatomical result) and the
hearing level with audiometric tests (functional result) at 1 year and 3
years after surgery. These results were correlated with size or location
of the perforation, status of the contralateral ear, gender, allergies,
cleft palate, craniofacial anomalies, expertise of the surgeon (junior,
senior) and perioperative observations (mucosa, glue, etc.). Results:
1240 tympanoplasties were selected from the database, of which 139 ears
(127 patients) could be analysed (perforation without concurrent
disease, authorisation from patients obtained and sufficient information
reported). Mean age at surgery was 9.6 years ± 2.6 (range 4-16). At one
year, 129/139 (93%) tympanic membranes were closed and 112/139 (81%)
were satisfactory (no residual perforation, nor retraction,
cholesteatoma, myringitis or OME). Air-bone gap was < 20 dB in
102/127 ears (80%). At 3 years, the eardrum was closed in 64/66 (97%)
ears (reperforation in one case) and 82% were satisfactory. Myringitis
occurred in 5% and 9% of cases at one- and three-year follow-up.
Surgery before the age of 8 years was the only risk factor of a
non-satisfactory result at one-year follow-up (p = 0.024). Conclusions:
Long-term results were satisfactory; the only risk factor was surgery
before eight years of age. In the child, long-term yearly follow-up is
necessary after tympanic perforation.
Additional data on protection of the esophagus during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Clark Brad , Kulstad Erik
Published: March 2021

The excellent review by Houmsse and Daoud of techniques and methods
utilized to protect the esophagus from injury during atrial fibrillation
(AF) ablation appropriately concludes that considering the ease of use,
minimal side effects, and low costs associated with esophageal
protection devices, compelling evidence exists for use of esophageal
protection as routine care for AF ablation. Some additional data are
available which would warrant inclusion in further consideration of this
topic. Three recent studies have demonstrated the inability of LET
monitoring to protect the esophagus, whereas meta-analysis of three
studies of manual cooling using direct liquid instillation suggests that
this approach significantly reduced high-grade lesion formation (OR of
0.39, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.89). Moreover, three studies using a
commercially available cooling device FDA cleared for thermal regulation
have shown reductions in esophageal lesion severity without degradation
in ablation efficacy.
Almost complete convergence for the sequence of approximate solutions in linear calibration problem with α-mixing random data
Authors: Khalfoune Samia , Zerouati Halima
Published: March 2021

In this work, we propose a stochastic method which gives an estimated
solution for a linear calibration problem with ?-mixing random data. We
establish exponential inequalities of Fuk Nagaev type, for the probability
of the distance between the approximate solutions and the exact one.
Furthermore, we build a confidence domain for the so mentioned exact
solution. To check the validity of our results, a numerical example is
proposed.
Bézier variant of the Szász-Durrmeyer type operators based on the Poisson-Charlier polynomials
Authors: Kajla Arun , Miclăuş Dan
Published: March 2021

In the present paper we introduce the B?zier variant of the
Sz?sz-Durrmeyer type operators, involving the Poisson-Charlier polynomials.
Our study focuses on a direct approximation theorem in terms of the
Ditzian-Totik modulus of smoothness and the rate of convergence for
differential functions whose derivatives are of bounded variation.
On pseudo H-symmetric Lorentzian manifolds with applications to relativity
Authors: De Uday , Suh Young , Chaubey Sudhakar , Shenawy Sameh
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new type of curvature tensor named H-curvature
tensor of type (1, 3) which is a linear combination of conformal and
projective curvature tensors. First we deduce some basic geometric
properties of H-curvature tensor. It is shown that a H-flat Lorentzian
manifold is an almost product manifold. Then we study pseudo H-symmetric
manifolds (PHS)n (n > 3) which recovers some known structures on Lorentzian
manifolds. Also, we provide several interesting results. Among others, we
prove that if an Einstein (PHS)n is a pseudosymmetric (PS)n, then the scalar
curvature of the manifold vanishes and conversely. Moreover, we deal with
pseudo H-symmetric perfect fluid spacetimes and obtain several interesting
results. Also, we present some results of the spacetime satisfying
divergence free H-curvature tensor. Finally, we construct a non-trivial
Lorentzian metric of (PHS)4.
Some new generalized result of Gronwall-Bellman-Bihari type inequality with some singularity
Authors: Foukrach Djamal , Meftah Badreddine
Published: March 2021

The aim purpose of the present work is to investigate some new nonlinear
Gronwall-Bellman-Bihari type inequalities with singular kernel via
k-fractional integral of Riemann-Liouville. This investigation generalizes
some integral inequalities obtained in the literature and extends some other
existing types of fractional integral inequalities. The obtained findings
can be used to study some properties of solution for fractional differential
equations.
Approximation for difference of Lupaş and some classical operators
Authors: Soybaş Danyal , Malik Neha
Published: March 2021

The approximation of difference of two linear positive operators having
different basis functions is discussed in the present article. The
quantitative estimates in terms of weighted modulus of continuity for the
difference of Lupa? operators and the classical ones are obtained, viz.
Lupa? and Baskakov operators, Lupa? and Sz?sz operators, Lupa? and
Baskakov-Kantorovich operators, Lupa? and Sz?sz-Kantorovich operators.
The Turán number of the graph 3P5
Authors: Feng Liquan , Hu Yumei
Published: March 2021

The Tur?n number ex(n,H) of a graph H, is the maximum number of edges in a
graph of order n which does not contain H as a subgraph. Let Ex(n,H) denote
all H-free graphs on n vertices with ex(n,H) edges. Let Pi denote a path
consisting of i vertices, and mPi denote m disjoint copies of Pi. In this
paper, we give the Tur?n number ex(n,3P5) for all positive integers n,
which partly solve the conjecture proposed by L. Yuan and X. Zhang [7].
Moreover, we characterize all extremal graphs of 3P5 denoted by Ex(n, 3P5).
Graph theoretic representation of rings of continuous functions
Authors: Bose Bedanta , Das Angsuman
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we introduce a graph structure, called zero-set intersection
graph ?(C(X)), on the ring of real valued continuous functions, C(X), on a
Tychonoff space X. We show that the graph is connected and triangulated. We
also study the inter-relationship of cliques of ?(C(X)) and ideals in C(X)
which helps to characterize the structure of maximal cliques of ?(C(X)) by
different kind of maximal ideals of C(X). We show that there are at least 2c
many different maximal cliques which are never graph isomorphic to each
other. Furthermore, we study the neighbourhood properties of a vertex and
show its connection with the topology of X and algebraic properties of C(X).
Finally, it is shown that two graphs are isomorphic if and only if the
corresponding rings are isomorphic if and only if the corresponding
topologies are homeomorphic either for first countable topological spaces or
for realcompact topological spaces.
Generalized derivation, SVEP, finite ascent, range closure
Authors: Lombarkia Farida , Megri Sabra
Published: March 2021

Let X be an infinite complex Banach space and consider two bounded linear
operators A,B ? L(X). Let LA ? L(L(X)) and RB ? L(L(X)) be the left and the
right multiplication operators, respectively. The generalized derivation
?A,B ? L(L(X)) is defined by ?A,B(X) = (LA-RB)(X) = AX-XB. In this
paper we give some sufficient conditions for ?A,B to satisfy SVEP, and we
prove that ?A,B-?I has finite ascent for all complex ?, for general
choices of the operators A and B, without using the range kernel
orthogonality. This information is applied to prove some necessary and
sufficient conditions for the range of ?A,B-?I to be closed. In [18,
Propostion 2.9] Duggal et al. proved that, if asc(?A,B-?)? 1, for all
complex ?, and if either (i) A* and B have SVEP or (ii)?* A,B has SVEP,
then ?A,B-? has closed range for all complex ? if and only if A and B are
algebraic operators, we prove using the spectral theory that, if asc(?A,B-?) ? 1, for all complex ?, then ?A,B-? has closed range, for all complex
? if and only if A and B are algebraic operators, without the additional
conditions (i) or (ii).
An inverse problem in estimating the time dependent source term and initial temperature simultaneously by the polynomial regression and conjugate gradient method
Authors: Coşkun Arzu
Published: March 2021

From the final and interior temperature measurements identifying the source
term with initial temperature simultaneously is an inverse heat conduction
problem which is a kind of ill-posed. The optimal control framework has been
found to be effective in dealing with these problems. However, they require
to find the gradient information. This idea has been employed in this
research. We derive the gradient of Tikhonov functional and establish the
stability of the minimizer from the necessary condition. The stability and
effectiveness of evolutionary algorithm are presented for various test
examples.