bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contraceptive methods continuation and its determinants among acceptors on repeat visits to a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital: a 10-year review
Authors: Abah Matthias G. , Ocheche Uduak S. , Abah Iniobong , Etuk Mbereobong S. , Markson Emediong J.
Published: May 2024

Background: Family planning is a known reproductive health modality for reducing the high maternal mortality in Nigeria. Contraceptive use and continuation is thus necessary to achieve its benefits. The study aimed to determine the contraceptive options and the factors associated with the continuation of contraceptive choices among women on repeat visits.
Methods: This was a 10-year retrospective study of the family planning clinic register of all clients who presented for a repeat visit for contraceptive method continuation at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital.
Results: There were 6939 contraceptive acceptors on repeat visits aged between 14 and 50 years (mean 31.6 years, SD 5.4). The majority were 26 to 30 years (32.9%), had secondary education (54.6%), were multiparous (90.9%) and chose the subdermal implant (34.9%) and the intrauterine contraceptive devices (27.7%) for continuation. There was a significant association between the women`s age (Df=3, F=10.81, p<0.0001), their educational status (Df=6, Χ2=38.5583, p<0.0001), their parity (Df= 15, Χ2 =76.8644, p<0.0001) and the contraceptive method continued.
Conclusions: An interest in long-acting reversible contraceptives for continuation was found, and this is significantly associated with their sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics; however, we recommend cross-sectional and focus-group inquiries among clients in the different contraceptive-specific categories for further information on the reasons for their choices at subsequent visits.
Effect of traditional birth attendants-led health education intervention on utilization of skilled birth care in West Pokot County, Kenya
Authors: Kaprom Benadette C. , Ngure Keneth , Mambo Susan
Published: May 2024

Background: Globally, between 2000 and 2017, maternal mortality ratio declined by 38%, with global lifetime risk of maternal death falling from 1 in 73 to 1 in 180, respectively. In West Pokot County, Kenya, over half of deliveries are managed by traditional birth attendants. The study investigated the effect of TBAs-led intervention on utilization of skilled birth care in this County.
Methods: The study employed a prospective experimental design. In the intervention arm, TBAs were recruited and trained on SBC. They were assigned expectant mothers and followed until they delivered their babies. Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between variables. Binary logistic regression was used to compare utilization of SBC between the intervention and control sites.
Results: Majority of mothers (95%) in the intervention arm of the study went for TBAs’ services , and 79.5% of those in the control did the same. Most mothers in the intervention (81.4%) delivered in health care facility compared to 58.2% in the control (χ2=21.256, p<0.001). There was a significant difference in the odds of mothers utilizing SBC between intervention and control groups. Those in the intervention group were almost 3 times more likely to utilize SBC than those in the control group (UOR; 95% CI: 3.137; 1.909-5.155).
Conclusions: TBAs-led intervention increased utilization of SBC among mothers in the intervention compared to those in the control arm who utilized available ministry of health’s standard care.
Profiles of childhood trauma: epidemiological survey results of an educated young community cohort
Authors: Faiz Bari Samira , Zehra Sehrish , Qureshi Farhan Muhammad , Aziz Aiman
Published: May 2024

Background: Childhood trauma is a major threat to the welfare and prosperity of any society. Young adult population is vulnerable due to increasing adverse childhood experiences and the likelihood of serious implications in educational performance and mental health. This survey was aimed to observe the proportion of various types of childhood traumas and their association with different socio-demographic characteristics among young university students of Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 young university students, during August-December 2023. Initially, cluster sampling was done deemed to the epidemiological survey. Afterwards, from the selected clusters, students from different universities were approached using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Self-reported data were collected through a questionnaire comprising of socio-demographic characteristics along with the types of traumas experienced during their childhood. SPSS Version 26.0 was used to analyse data.
Results: Of the 300 university students with a mean age of 22.14±2 years, 55.3% were females. Overall, 63.6% of the participants experienced trauma before 18 years age. The most common trauma types reported were physical/verbal abuse (81%), unlawful touch/sexual abuse (45%), parents separated/divorced (31%) abandoned by parents (20%), lived with an alcoholic/drug addict (18%) or with a mentally ill adult (14%). There were no statistically significant findings between childhood trauma experience and socio-demographic traits.
Conclusions: Various profiles of childhood trauma were found prevalent in young university level individuals. Current research does suggest a way forward to prevent this public health issue that can have detrimental consequences on an individual’s mental and physical health and stress reactivity.
Lifestyle-related behaviour modifications during examinations in undergraduate medical students in India
Authors: Kilaru Tanuja , Pradhan Divyang , Yadav Deepika , M. Shwethashree , Doddaiah Sunil Kumar
Published: May 2024

Background: Examinations are formal tests conducted to assess a student's knowledge. Despite their paramount importance, they can impact students physically and mentally by causing stress and anxiety. Hence, identifying the changes that hamper a student's lifestyle, during examinations, in order to prevent the development of unhealthy behavioral patterns is the goal of this study.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among undergraduate medical students of Mysuru over a period of 2 months from February 2023 to April 2023 in 120 participants. Data was collected using an online questionnaire, entered into M.S. Excel and analyzed using SPSS software. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for all the categorical variables.
Results: 61.7% of the study participants showed extreme examination stress. Only 39.3% consumed 3 balanced meals daily. A complete lack of physical activity was observed in 38.1%. Regular caffeine consumption was noted in 46.4% and 27.4% showed unusual amounts of junk food daily. Irregular sleeping patterns were found in 23.8%, sleeping at odd times beyond 1 am was noted in 59.5% and deficient sleep duration (<6 hours) was observed in 46.6% of the surveyed population.
Conclusions: The findings from this survey highlight the significant impact of examinations on the lifestyle-related behaviors of undergraduate students such as high prevalence of extreme examination stress, irregular eating habits, lack of physical activity, and sleep deprivation.
The effect of Laja in dyslipidemia: an interventional pre-post test
Authors: V. S. Renjumol , A. K. Sajeeshan , S. Sheela
Published: May 2024

Background: Dyslipidemia is a lipoprotein metabolism disorder and a major risk factor for Cardio Vascular Diseases. The National Cholesterol Education Programme (NCEP) guidelines suggest dietary modifications, exercise and weight control as the main foundation of dyslipidemia treatment. Dyslipidemia can be considered as a kapha medoja vikara, managed with correction of agni and kaphamedahara drugs. Lāja (puffed rice) is an aharadravya ideal in this condition because it is having kaphamedahara property.
Methods: This study was conducted at Govt. Ayurveda College, Tripunithura as an interventional pre-post study with control group to find out solution for normalizing lipid profile by changing diet without therapeutic medicine. 30 Participants were allotted in each groups by consecutive sampling and advised to follow diet restriction and exercise for both groups. In addition the study group consumed the Lāja peya two times daily before food. Study period was 90 days and assessment taken in 0th, 46th and 91st day.
Results: The results showed significant effect on lipid profile in both groups. But in comparison to control group, the study group showed highly significant reduction in Total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and Triglycerides and not in increasing HDL.
Conclusions: Lāja which contains rice bran, low in fat and has Kashaya Madurarasa, lakhu alparooksha guna, agnideepana, kaphachidah and medahara property, that helps to digest the food properly and correct the metabolism. Thus laja peya has a beneficiary role in reducing Total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and Triglycerides and there is no role in increasing HDL.
Knowledge regarding identification and management of hypoglycemia among patients with diabetes mellitus in selected community of Bellary district
Authors: Lakshmi M. Vijaya
Published: May 2024

Background: Diabetes is pandemic in both developed and developing countries. In India alone, the prevalence of diabetes is expected to increase from 31.7 million in 2000 to 79.4 million in 2030.
Methods: The approach used for this study was descriptive survey approach. Structured interview schedule consists of two sections i.e. Step-I: Socio-demographic variables and Step-II: Structured knowledge questionnaire.
Results: The present study reveals that the knowledge level regarding identification and management of hypoglycemia. Majority 68.3% (n=60) of the subjects had moderate knowledge and remaining 31.7% (n=19) had inadequate knowledge and no subjects had adequate knowledge. The mean score is 21.97 with a mean percentage of 54.92 with a standard deviation of 2.681 before providing information booklet.
Conclusions: There is an urgent need to update their knowledge on identification and management of hypoglycemia so their further complication can be prevented by identifying in early stage.
Auditory development and its significance: an awareness study among expectant mothers in Kottarakkara taluk, Kerala
Authors: Jacob Geena , Srividya A. , Babu Praveena
Published: May 2024

Background: Studying pregnant women’s awareness of auditory development’s importance, especially in India, is an underexplored area. Given mothers’ pivotal role in monitoring child development, their understanding of auditory development is crucial. Addressing this gap could reveal insights into early hearing issue detection.
Method: The study utilized a questionnaire survey employing Cluster sampling, gathering data from 103 expectant mothers aged 18 to 35. Of these, 55 were experiencing their first pregnancy, while 48 were on their second. The 16 question survey explored hearing loss, early identification, auditory behaviour, and high-risk indicators.
Results: The study found that pregnant women, on average, exhibited a 42.35% knowledge level regarding the importance of auditory development during gestation. However, their attitude towards this aspect was notably high at 81.53%. This suggests a lack of awareness about auditory development, despite a generally positive attitude among expectant mothers. Importantly, there was a statistically significant difference in knowledge between first-time and experienced mothers (p<0.05), with the latter group demonstrating higher awareness, likely due to having older children. Conversely, no significant difference was observed in attitude between the two groups (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The study’s findings shed light on a crucial aspect: the significance of maternal knowledge concerning hearing and its development. This understanding is pivotal for successful early identification and intervention programs. The study’s contribution lies in revealing mothers’ perspectives and attitudes towards monitoring their child’s speech, language, and motor development, emphasizing the importance of this awareness for early intervention strategies.
Bridging gaps in awareness of cancer associated lifestyle factors in adolescents and young adults: an interventional study in Chandigarh
Authors: Singla Heena , Puri Sonia , Kumar Sharma Manoj
Published: May 2024

Background: Cancer is a major public health concern and its incidence is growing worldwide. Adolescent and young adult (AYA) age group is a bridge between paediatric and adult age groups. AYAs have unique lifestyle patterns that may contribute to cancer risk. The study sought to assess the awareness and educate AYAs of Panjab University, Chandigarh about cancer risk associated lifestyle factors.
Methods: This cross-sectional Interventional study was conducted from March -June 2023. A predesigned, pretested, validated questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive and analytical analysis was performed using SPSS, analytical analysis was conducted using Chi square test to find the relationship between different lifestyle factors and demographic characteristics such as age and gender.
Results: The study included a total of 360 participants, consisting of 170 (47.2%) males and 190 (52.8%) females, aged between 15 and 39 years, of Panjab University, Chandigarh. Among them, 92.5% had awareness of smoking as risk factor for cancer. However, lower levels of awareness regarding lifestyle behaviours associated with cancer risk, including inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables, regular intake of sweets and sugary drinks, following a high-fat diet (28.3%); insufficient physical activity (38.3%) and obesity (36.1%).
Conclusions: The current study indicated a disparity in knowledge levels among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) of Panjab University. It is crucial to address the gaps in knowledge and promote healthy behaviours related to cancer prevention through targeted education campaigns among adolescents and young adults.
Assessment of alcohol use and its associated factors among adults residing at Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka, India
Authors: Gupta Animesh , Hameed Shahul
Published: May 2024

Background: Alcohol consumption was accepted social practice since ancient times. Presently, alcohol consumption is pervasive and has been consistently increasing throughout the world. Alcohol consumption is considered as world’s third largest risk factor for the occurrence of disease and disability. The objective of the study was to assess the burden of alcohol use and the factors associated for the alcohol consumption among adults residing at Dakshina Kannada district.
Methods: This community based cross sectional study was conducted among adults aged more than 18 years in Dakshina Kannada district to assess the burden and correlates of alcohol consumption. A total of 355 participants were selected randomly and data was collected by using pretested questionnaire which includes sociodemographic details, alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) questionnaire and associated factors. Data was analyzed by using SPSS software and the statistical significance level was fixed at p<0.05.
Results: The prevalence of alcohol use was 30.7%, and it was higher among males (37.1%) compared to females (8.8%). Even the alcohol use was higher among those participants, who were employed, tobacco users and was having any existing disease. As per AUDIT risk level, maximum (49.5%) alcohol users belonged to low risk (zone I) with AUDIT score less than 8.
Conclusions: The burden of alcohol consumption among adults in Dakshina Kannada district is nearly one -third of the population, which is quite high. The highest prevalence was found among males and tobacco users.
The normative reference value of the L test in older adults of age group 60 to 70 years of elderly adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Katalkar Priyadarshani , Yadav Pooja
Published: May 2024

Background: Walking speed assessments are thought to predict eventual health outcomes and patient quality of life when assessing the physical mobility of an individual. Such performance measurements are functional and objective which gives us accurate interpretation to anticipate future goals.  The L-test is a feasible, easy administration in clinical setup would be quick and effortless for physiotherapist professionals. As there is no normative value of L- the test that could interpret the score of the test, our study focuses on finding the cut-off value in older adults aged 60-70 years.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from January 2021 to June 2021 in Mumbai, India. A total of 200 participants were selected based on inclusion criteria. The study used an L-shaped path that is 20 meters long which goes 3 meters straight, then a right turn, followed by 7 meters straight. The subjects walked along the marked pathway and the test completion time was noted.
Results: A notable difference was found between the male and female participants with a p value of 0.015 and the test duration for males was 19.15 (16.87-22.64) seconds and for females was 20.22 (18.03-23.94) seconds. A positive weak correlation was found between the body mass index (BMI) and duration. Also, a positive weak correlation was found statistically significant between the age and duration of the test.
Conclusions: The study showed that there is an increased time duration of the L test with advancing age and BMI.
Evaluation of change in knowledge and attitude about noise and its effect on hearing: post awareness programme among adolescents in Varkala, Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala
Authors: Vijayakumar Sajay Sajana , Srividya A. , Babu Praveena
Published: May 2024

Background: There are significant literature evidence across the globe and in India, regarding the effects of recreational noise exposure among young adults and college students, but there is a dearth of literature support regarding its effects among the students of senior grade studying in Indian subcontinent. Since the awareness among school students help in the early preventive measures and hearing conservation, studies must focus on these population to reduce the burden of recreational noise-induced hearing loss on our future generation. This study aims to evaluate the change in knowledge and attitude about noise and its effect on hearing: Post awareness programme among adolescents in Varkala, Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala.
Method: A survey was conducted among the school students within the age group 16-18 years. A questionnaire containing questions related to knowledge and attitude towards noise and its effect on hearing was developed and distributed to the students prior to and after an awareness program making use of a visual awareness material. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for pre and post comparison.
Results: The p value of each aspect related to the knowledge and attitude is less than the significance level, so we can say that there is a significant change in the level of knowledge and attitude after the awareness program.
Conclusions: The study highlighted low pre-awareness levels among participants regarding noise's impact on hearing. The awareness program effectively improved understanding, emphasizing its importance for all age groups in dispelling misconceptions and fostering positive attitudes.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among patients undergoing ultra-sonography abdomen and its associated factors in a tertiary care hospital, Kakinada
Authors: Pathipaka Sravan Kumar , Bhimarasetty Devi Madhavi , Sapuri Rukmini Devi , Peethala Sujatha
Published: May 2024

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) presents a growing global health concern, characterized by the accumulation of hepatic lipids in the absence of significant alcohol consumption. Its prevalence has surged worldwide, including in India, where it has reached alarming levels. Despite its silent progression, NAFLD can lead to severe complications, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Objectives of the study to assess prevalence and its associated factors, which are essential for effective management and prevention strategies.
Methods: An observational, analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, from June to July 2022. Among 100 subjects, chosen through the simple random sampling. Ethical approval was granted before conducting study. Data on demographics, lifestyle risk factors, anthropometry, and ultrasound findings were collected using a pretested and validated case record form. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software, employing appropriate tests to explore associations between NAFLD and various variables.
Results: Among 100 participants, the prevalence of NAFLD was found to be 41%. Significant associations were observed between NAFLD and variables such as BMI (p=0.034), waist-hip ratio (p=0.002), and history of diabetes mellitus (p=0.000). Lifestyle factors, including increased cooking oil consumption, were identified as significant risk factors.
Conclusions: The study highlights the high prevalence of NAFLD among subjects undergoing ultrasound abdomen in Kakinada. Significant associations were observed with BMI, waist-hip ratio, and diabetes mellitus history. Promoting healthy behaviours is crucial for NAFLD prevention and management.
Coexistence of microfilaria and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis: a rare case report
Authors: Rastogi Kanika , Gupta Prajwala
Published: May 2024

Filariasis is a common health problem in tropical countries of Southeast Asia. The commonest site of involvement is the lymphatic system where the adult worms can remain viable for long periods. Though the patients can remain asymptomatic, the clinical presentation with hydrocele, fever, localised swelling and/or lymphedema are commonly seen. Localization of the parasite at various other sites like breast, lungs, and thyroid have been uncommonly described. We report a case of an elderly female who presented with a large anterior neck mass associated with a recent history of change in voice. Radiological investigations revealed a soft tissue mass in the neck along with multiple lesions in the thyroid which were suspicious of malignancy. Fine needle aspiration cytology, however, revealed microfilariae coexisting with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. This case highlights the importance of critical screening of cytology smears to identify the parasites at unusual locations. A correct diagnosis on a simple and inexpensive investigation like fine needle aspiration cytology can help in administering appropriate therapy at the earliest and avoiding unnecessary interventions.
Models of integrative oncology care in a resource-poor setting: an overview
Authors: Rangaiah Usha Rani M. , Sheelam Praveen K. , Xavier Amulya Antoinette , Poonacha Bavika K. , Maharana Satyapriya , Salins Naveen
Published: May 2024

The interest in integrative oncology is growing worldwide. Patients with cancer are seeking traditional complementary and integrative medicine to mitigate the symptoms and enhance their well-being. Though there is supporting evidence for inter-disciplinary team care in oncology, the integrative oncology models in a resource-poor setting have not been explored.  The current manuscript provides an overview of the integrative oncology model focusing on how complementary therapies such as psychosocial services, dietetics, yoga, and wellness programs could be integrated in clinical oncology care in a cost-effective way in a resource poor settings. Manuscript also discusses examples where such a model of care has currently been implemented for patients as well as caregivers.
Harnessing nature-based solutions for health in post-COVID era: a narrative review
Authors: Aikat Aditi , Roy Megha
Published: May 2024

In the post-COVID era, nature-based solutions (NBS) has emerged as a promising paradigm to address the health challenges at the human-animal-environment interface. This narrative review explores the dynamics between NBS and human health and the diverse mechanisms involved, substantiated through different domains of evidence like biomechanistic studies, exposure science, epidemiology, and implementation science-based research. Ranging from forest management, urban green spaces to control health hazards from air pollution to blue infrastructure safeguarding against waterborne diseases, NBS interventions has the potential to favor public health outcomes positively. Besides, psychological benefits of NBS, in reducing stress, and improving mental well-being has been pivotal in addressing the mental health crisis. Although differential access to green and blue spaces is a vexing issue that needs equitable distribution of NBS interventions to maximize health equity. Harnessing the inherent capacity of natural ecosystems, NBS provides tangible health benefits while fostering sustainable, healthy living.
Impact of information epidemic in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sharma Raman , Kumar Mahendra , Saini Arti
Published: May 2024

In December 2019, the first case of Corona virus was identified in Wuhan, China. On March 11th, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic due to a rapid surge in case numbers. This global health crisis has been accompanied by a significant amount of misleading and false information about COVID-19, creating uncertainty among the public as they seek trustworthy and reliable sources. The impact of misinformation extends beyond information sharing it can fundamentally distort common public perceptions of the risks associated with the virus. The unregulated dissemination of both accurate and inaccurate information on social media further contributes to the confusion, transforming a pandemic into an infodemic.
Expert opinion on the multivitamin deficiencies observed in day-to-day practice in Indian settings
Authors: Manjula S  , Krishna Kumar M
Published: May 2024

: Although there is an array of empirical evidence regarding vitamin deficiencies in isolation, there is a dearth of particular data regarding multivitamin use in Indian contexts. So, the present survey-based study aims to gather clinicians' opinions regarding the multivitamin deficiencies noted in day-to-day practice in Indian settings.

The cross-sectional, multi-response study employed an 18-item questionnaire to collect current feedback, clinical observations, and the clinical experience of specialists regarding multivitamin deficiencies observed in routine practice within Indian settings.

Out of 191 participants, 53.93% opined that only a few patients have folic acid deficiency in most of the patients. More than half (51.83%) of patients have vitamin B12 deficiency. About 53% of the clinicians reported that zinc deficiency was seen in a few patients. Around 43% of the clinicians reported that 11 to 12 patients with diabetes using metformin were more likely to have a multivitamin deficiency.

This study offered valuable insights into the multivitamin deficiencies observed by clinicians in their daily practice among Indian patients. The survey also underscored the importance of regular monitoring of vitamin B12 levels in diabetic patients using metformin to reduce the risk of deficiency.
Nanotechnology - An advanced dental innovation
Authors: Sood Ridhima , Sharma Ena , Kaur Ramandeep , Kaur Harneet , Bhardwaj Anuva , Sangha Ruhee
Published: May 2024

Researchers are interested in exploring the possible uses and advantages of nanotechnology compared to traditional materials, particularly in the domains of dentistry and medicine. The study and creation of materials, tools, systems with distinct biological, chemical, physical characteristics from those found in larger system is known as nanotechnology. Numerous advancements and improvement in oral disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment are possible because of nanotechnology. Recent Nano - technology breakthrough developments in dentistry are progressively providing a viable therapeutic option for a wide range of dental problems. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview role of nanotechnology in dentistry, as well as to evaluate its application in the prevention and treatment of oral disorders, along with providing crucial new updates on the various nanotechnology – based techniques for dental disease management. The current review will also assist the reader in comprehending Nano science, as well as its benefits and drawbacks, by discussing its ethical, social, and health consequences. In addition, Nano -applications in dental diagnostics and their function in dentistry will be discussed.
Alopecia areata & periodontal diseases- A connecting link: A review
Authors: Bhatia Archana , Bains Sandeep Kumar
Published: May 2024

The systemic condition alopecia areata causes non-scarring hair loss on the scalp, face, or any other portion of the body. The disease's unknown aetiology and pathophysiology have a significant impact on patients' social lives, which over time causes stress and hastens the condition's progressive decline. In these patients, quick dental evaluation and treatment have improved the outlook for alopecia in addition to immunomodulators and stress-relieving exercises. This illustrates a connection between oral infection foci and baldness. Periodontitis has persisted as one of the most common types of oral focus of infection for systemic disorders during the past few decades. The current analysis sheds information on how stress and autoimmune disease play a role in determining whether alopecia.
Green or Growth? Understanding the Relationship between Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions
Authors: Balza Lenin , Heras-Recuero Laura , Matías David , Yépez-García Ariel
Published: May 2024

The relationship between economic growth and environmental impact is a topic that has largely been studied through the framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), which posits an inverted U-shape relationship between the two. We examine this link by analyzing GDP and CO2 emissions per capita from 1970 to 2020 using a panel of 136 countries. We estimate both the short- and long-run income elasticities of CO2 emissions across various regions and for rolling time periods. The analysis focuses on Latin America and the Caribbean, aggregating and disaggregating data by region and introducing alternative measures of CO2 emissions. Though our findings confirm the existence of the EKC at the global level, we do not find evidence of it for all regions. A monotonic positive relationship between income and emissions is observed for Latin America and the Caribbean. We also find that, in most cases, the income elasticity of production-based emissions is lower than that of consumption-based emissions. This distinction is particularly pronounced in the Latin American and Caribbean region, where the income elasticity of consumption-based emissions is estimated at 0.95, as opposed to 0.56 when using a production-based measure.
Reclasificación de variante del gen TRPV4 en un paciente con displasia esquelética: reporte de caso
Authors: Posada-Bernal David , Moreno-Giraldo Lina Johanna
Published: May 2024

Las displasias esqueléticas son alteraciones del crecimiento óseo y cartilaginoso con amplio espectro clínico y radiológico, cuya prevalencia es 2 a 5 casos por 10 000 recién nacidos. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 9 años con talla baja asimétrica, neurodesarrollo normal, sin deformidades osteomusculares y familiares con talla baja no estudiada. Se diagnosticó displasia esquelética, sin embargo, ante estudios paraclínicos normales, se indicó estudio molecular que reveló una nueva variante de significancia incierta en el gen TRVP4. Posteriormente, con el uso de bases de datos y de bioinformá- tica, se reclasifica a probablemente patogénica. En valoraciones ulteriores se determinó que no cuenta con manejo dirigido y, ante la ausencia de complicaciones susceptibles de terapia, se indicó seguimiento clínico. Se resalta la importancia del reanálisis de estudios moleculares y del fortalecimiento bioinformático que facilite el diagnóstico oportuno, permitiendo la aplicación de estrategias de detección, seguimiento y tratamiento.
Hemorragia alveolar difusa en paciente con trombocitopenia inmune primaria refractaria: reporte de caso
Authors: Rondón-Carvajal Julián , Álvarez-López Santiago , Escudero-Correa María José
Published: May 2024

La hemorragia alveolar difusa, manifestación de varias enfermedades de estirpe inmune y no inmune, constituye una rara complicación de la trombocitopenia autoinmune primaria. Se considera en pacientes con disnea, opacidades alveolares en imágenes torácicas y presencia de más de 20 % de macrófagos cargados de hemosiderina en lavado broncoalveolar. Se presenta el caso de una mujer con diagnóstico conocido de trombocitopenia inmune primaria, remitida de consulta externa por recuento plaquetario menor de 10 000 plaquetas/mililitro, quien cursó con hipoxemia de rápida instauración, opacidades en vidrio esmerilado y lavado broncoalveolar con gran cantidad de macrófagos cargados de hemosiderina, configurando el diagnóstico de hemorragia alveolar, que respondió a terapia citostática combinada en términos de mejoría sostenida en el recuento plaquetario. Se aduce la importancia de identificar elementos de juicio clínico que permitan lograr un diagnóstico temprano, así como establecer puentes transdisciplinarios que conduzcan a un tratamiento efectivo en un escenario potencialmente fatal.
Identificación de influenciadores y caracterización de la publicidad de medicamentos y suplementos dietarios en Instagram
Authors: Gutiérrez-Moreno Sergio Andrés , Arciniegas-Delgado Andrea Camila , Hincapié-García Jaime Alejandro , Granados Johan , Rivera-Cadavid Mónica , Amariles Pedro
Published: May 2024

Introducción: las redes sociales son una herramienta de comunicación rápida y efectiva para la publicidad de productos. La investigación relacionada con publicidad en redes sociales de productos farmacéuticos, como medicamentos y suplementos dietarios, es limitada. Objetivo: caracterizar la publicidad de medicamentos y suplementos dietarios realizada por influenciadores en Instagram. Métodos: se utilizó la plataforma de marketing de influenciadores “StarNgage” y una encuesta dirigida a estudiantes y profesores para identificar un conjunto de influenciadores, a los cuales se les realizó un seguimiento de las publicaciones realizadas en Instagram. Se utilizó un bot de recolección de datos desarrollado en Python, que descargó las publicaciones realizadas por los influenciadores seleccionados, las cuales fueron revisadas. Se caracterizaron los productos publicitados, se analizó la frecuencia de aparición de la publicidad y, finalmente, se contrastó con la normatividad vigente en Colombia. Resultados: un total de 28 productos, tres medicamentos y 25 suplementos dietarios, fueron publicitados por 42 influenciadores. De ellos, 27 (96,4 %) no cumplieron con la normativa colombiana de publicidad para este tipo de productos. De estos productos, 3 (10,7 %) tenían el registro sanitario vencido y de 7 (25,0 %) no fue posible identificar el registro sanitario. Conclusiones: se caracterizó la publicidad de medicamentos y suplementos dietarios realizada por influenciadores en Instagram. La publicidad de medicamentos y suplementos dietarios, a pesar de tener una relativa baja aparición en Instagram, no cumple en su mayoría con la normativa colombiana. Se puede concluir que la publicidad de los medicamentos y suplementos dietarios en redes sociales en Colombia no es específica para este tipo de medio de comunicación y debe ser regulada.
Propuesta de un sistema de gestión de información para mejorar la eficiencia del proceso de prevención y detección temprana del cáncer de mama en Colombia
Authors: Castillo-Moreno Lourdes Andrea , Ramírez-Suárez Oscar Leonardo , Corredor-Figueroa Adriana Patricia
Published: May 2024

Introducción: En 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud reporta que el cáncer de mama hace parte de los cinco tipos de cáncer con mayor mortalidad humana a nivel mundial. En Colombia, el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social anuncia en el “Plan decenal para el control del cáncer en Colombia, 2012-2021” que esta patología encabeza la lista de cáncer que cobra más vidas de mujeres en el país. Así, el cáncer de mama cobra gran importancia en salud pública, y surge la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias que contribuyan a su prevención y detección temprana. Objetivo: proponer un sistema de gestión de información para aumentar y optimizar la eficiencia del proceso de detección y prevención de cáncer de mama en Colombia. Metodología: partiendo de un análisis de información para: procesos de asignación de consultas, diagnóstico del cáncer de mama, toma y lectura de mamografías en Colombia; se estudia la eficiencia temporal para cada uno de estos pasos. Consecuentemente, se consideran y discuten los requerimientos de un sistema de gestión de información que optimice tal eficiencia. Resultados: independientemente del tratamiento asignado al paciente, se encuentran puntos críticos en cada paso del mismo. Demoras superiores a tres meses para cada etapa del tratamiento hacen que su eficiencia sea innecesariamente baja. Esta ineficiencia puede ser reducida significativamente implementando el sistema de gestión propuesto en este estudio. Discusión: demoras durante el tratamiento del cáncer de mama conlleva a un desarrollo de esta enfermedad, o reduce las probabilidades de controlarla o prevenirla a tiempo. Así, una gestión eficiente de información y de recursos disponibles es mandatorio. Aquí se propone un sistema de gestión de información que, de implementarse, puede reducir significativamente los tiempos de espera del paciente de años o meses a días, horas o minutos.
Estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios: la epidemia silenciosa en una facultad de ciencias de la salud
Authors: Londoño Jerónimo , Vernaza-Pinzón Paola , Dueñas-Cuellar Rosa , Niño-Castaño Victoria Eugenia , Rivera Angie
Published: May 2024

Introducción: existe un aumento en la evidencia que demuestra los efectos adversos del estrés académico en los estudiantes de educación superior de áreas de la salud. Objetivo: identificar la presencia de estrés académico en estudiantes de morfología de cuatro programas de una facultad de ciencias de la salud. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte longitudinal con una población de 78 estudiantes de morfología donde se evaluaron los principales estresores a través de la aplicación del Cuestionario de Estrés Académico. Resultados: se identificó que los estudiantes de morfología perciben el estrés de manera aumentada a medida que transcurre el semestre académico, esto se relaciona principalmente con estresores como sobrecarga académica, exámenes y deficiencias metodológicas del profesorado. En respuesta al estrés, los estudiantes relataron que el sentimiento más experimentado era agotamiento físico, seguido por irascibilidad y alteraciones de sueño. Por último, se determinó que los estudiantes recurrían principalmente a la búsqueda de apoyo social, la reevaluación positiva, planificación y gestión de recursos personales como estrategias para afrontar el estrés. Conclusiones: el estrés académico es una problemática en ascenso que afecta considerablemente a los jóvenes debido a diversos factores estresores. Este artículo resalta las condiciones de estrés a las que se enfrentan los estudiantes de ciencias de la salud y hace un llamado a las instituciones universitarias a identificar las condiciones de estrés a las que se ven sometidos sus estudiantes y a generar estrategias que puedan mitigarlas.
Satisfacción con la atención mediante telesalud durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en pacientes ambulatorios
Authors: Becerra-Martínez Nelci , Falla-Rivas Ruth Asceneth , Zapata-Soto Isabel Cristina , Rojas Diana , Sánchez-Casas Yenny Carolina , Castro-Bonilla Lorena
Published: May 2024

Introducción: las telecomunicaciones han permitido introducir otras modalidades de atención en salud. La pandemia contribuyó a acelerar su implementación. La satisfacción del usuario es un indicador de calidad de los servicios. Objetivo: explorar el grado de satisfacción con la atención recibida mediante telesalud durante la pandemia en pacientes de un entorno ambulatorio en Bogotá, Colombia. Metodología: estudio transversal realizado en dos instituciones de atención primaria (mayo-agosto de 2021). Se aplicó una encuesta telefónica posterior a la atención y se obtuvo información sociodemográfica, clínica y de percepción de satisfacción. Esta fue analizada mediante estadística descriptiva y se establecieron asociaciones mediante modelos de regresión logística. Resultados: participaron 346 usuarios, con edad promedio de 47 años, 69,9 % mujeres y 43,9 % realizaron estudios superiores. El 82,4 % reportó un alto nivel de satisfacción con la telesalud. La percepción frente a la comprensión del motivo de consulta, confianza generada, amabilidad, claridad en las indicaciones y respeto a la privacidad por parte del profesional fue alta (8,6/10). Las personas con mayor satisfacción manifestaron que la telesalud podría ser utilizada en la postpandemia (OR: 12,05; IC 95 %: 4,77 – 30,43). Discusión: los usuarios se mostraron muy satisfechos con la atención recibida mediante telesalud durante la pandemia, similar a los hallazgos de otros autores, con una alta receptividad frente a la incorporación de esta modalidad al modelo de atención regular. Conclusiones: el alto nivel de satisfacción y aceptación de la telesalud por parte de los usuarios ratifica la necesidad de comprender y potencializar su rol como complemento a los modelos de atención integral en salud.
Developing the Technology-Integrated Assessment Framework
Authors: Madland Colin , Irvine Valerie , DeLuca Chris , Bulut Okan
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of a new framework for understanding technology-integrated assessment in higher education based on a review of the literature using the assessment design in a digital world framework (Bearman et al., 2022) as a lens. Our review (Madland et al., 2024) revealed both congruities and incongruities between the literature and the framework, leading to the need for further work to accurately conceptualize technology-integrated assessment. In this article, we contribute to the literature on technology-integrated assessment in higher education by proposing the technology-integrated assessment framework. This paper marks an important step in extending our understanding of the factors influencing instructors who integrate technology into their assessment practice and promoting ethical and equitable approaches to technology-integrated assessment in higher education.
Medioambiente urbano y políticas ambientales desiguales: un estudio de caso en Argentina
Authors: Brites Walter Fernando
Published: May 2024

Este artículo analiza, diferentes y desiguales problemas urbano ambientales en la ciudad de Posadas (Argentina), donde hay distintas prácticas sociales de cuidado y gestión del ambiente de acuerdo con los vecindarios. El objetivo fue conocer y describir las acciones u omisiones de legislación y/o políticas ambientales en relación a las distintas zonas urbanas. Con base en un relevamiento cuantitativo, se vinculó el contexto espacial de los barrios con la presencia de problemas y políticas ambientales, prácticas de cuidado del ambiente, opiniones, actitudes, y procesos de autogestión social en cada vecindario. Se describe cómo las personas que viven en los barrios más pobres están desproporcionadamente expuestas a condiciones ambientales adversas. Los barrios ubicados en entornos urbanos de alta calidad ambiental disponen de mayores servicios, recursos y atención gubernamental, mientras que, los barrios más desfavorecidos en la ciudad son a la vez, los menos favorecidos por las políticas y las estructuras urbanas deficitarias.
Unlocking the sustainable livelihoods strategy for forest communities in the southern slope of Mount Slamet, Indonesia
Authors: Budiyoko Budiyoko , Zulkifli Lutfi , Dharmawan Budi , Sunendar Sunendar , Rachmah Malinda Aptika , Prasetyo Kunandar , Saputro Wahyu Adhi , Utami Dewanti Risa
Published: May 2024

Mount Slamet in Central Java Province, Indonesia, boasts significant biodiversity potential, yet communities on its southern slope grapple with poverty. This study delves into sustainable livelihood strategies for these communities. Employing participatory rural appraisal methods engages residents in identifying issues and devising solutions. Findings advocate for agrosilvopasture as a viable livelihood, blending crop farming, silviculture, and animal husbandry to balance environmental preservation with economic advancement. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of capacity-building within local communities, emphasizing skill and knowledge enhancement. By advocating community engagement and offering multifaceted sustainable livelihood strategies, this research enriches the discourse on sustainable development for forest communities residing on the southern slope of Mount Slamet.
The Effect of Endurance Training with Garlic and Stevia Supplementation on AgRP and α-MSH in Brain Tissue of Obese Wistar Rats
Authors: Taleshi Mahsa , Rezaeeshirazi Reza , Ziaalhagh Seyed Javad , Asgharpour Habib
Published: May 2024

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of endurance training with garlic and stevia supplementation on AgRP and α-MSH in the brain tissue of obese Wistar rats. Methods: 36 obese male Wistar rats fed with a high-fat diet (24 g fat, 24 g protein, and 41 g carbohydrate/100 g) were divided into six groups, including: 1) sham; 2) stevia supplementation; 3) garlic supplementation; 4) endurance training; 5) stevia supplementation plus endurance training, and 6) garlic supplementation plus endurance training. Moreover, 6 rats were included in the healthy control group to investigate the effects of obesity on the research variable. Training groups performed incremental endurance training for 15-50 minutes at a speed of 15-25 m/min, for eight weeks. Garlic and stevia supplements were added to the diet of the supplementation groups at a dose of 250 mg/kg. Results: Levels of AgRP in stevia supplementation group were significantly higher than endurance training (P=0.019) and endurance training plus stevia supplementation (P=0.018) groups. Levels of α-MSH in the garlic supplementation (P=0.001), endurance training (P=0.002), stevia supplementation plus endurance training (P=0.001), and garlic supplementation plus endurance training (P=0.001) groups were significantly higher than the sham group. In addition, in the endurance training plus stevia supplementation group, the levels were significantly higher than the stevia supplementation group (P=0.002). Conclusion: Endurance training plus garlic supplementation as well as endurance training plus stevia supplementation seem to play a synergistic role in appetite control protein; however, more studies on AgRP changes, following training and garlic and stevia supplementation are needed.