bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrohydrodynamic drying: Can we scale-up the technology to make dried fruits and vegetables more nutritious and appealing?
Authors: Onwude Daniel , Iranshahi Kamran , Martynenko Alex , Defraeye Thijs
Published: December 2020

Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) drying is a promising technology to better preserve the nutritional content and sensory appeal of dried fruits and vegetables. To successfully scale up this technology, we need to rethink the current EHD dryer designs. There is also a significant potential to further enhance the nutritional content and sensory quality of the dried products by optimizing EHD process parameters. This study particularly highlights the current bottlenecks in scaling up the technology and in improving nutrient retention and sensory appeal of the dried products. We discuss plausible future pathways to further develop the technology to produce highly nutritious dried products. Concerning the nutritional content, we show that EHD drying preserves vitamins, carotenes, and antioxidants significantly better than hot-air convective drying. From the sensory perspective, we show that EHD drying enhances the color of dried products, as well as their general appearance. With respect to scalability, we show that placing the fruit on a grounded mesh electrode dries the fruit much faster and more uniformly than the grounded plate electrode. Future research should be directed towards simultaneous measurements of multiple food nutrients and sensory properties during EHD drying with a grounded mesh collector. Quantifying the impact of the food loading density on drying kinetics and energy consumption of the EHD drying process should also be a future research goal. This study gives promising insight towards developing a scalable non-thermal drying technology, tailored to the requirements of the current and future society.
Thermal deconstruction, open burning and disposal of e-waste without pollution control: A systematic review of risks to occupational and public health
Authors: Cook Ed , Velis Costas A , Gerassimidou Spyridoula , Ramola Aditi , Ragossnig Arne
Published: December 2020

The critical functionality provided by the informal e-waste recycling sector to the global circular economy is marred by the hazardous emissions from this practice when it is carried out under informal and unregulated conditions in the Global South. Here, we focus a systematic review (PRISMA) of evidence specifically on rudimentary thermal processing activities that are carried out to disassemble and recover metals bonded into the complex assemblies and composites of electrical and electronic products and items. We identified main combinations of hazard-pathway-receptor (H-P-R) associated with exposure to risk and ranked them to indicate severity and prioritise research needs and interventions. Two practices, open burning and heating/melting/roasting are highly efficient in comparison to mechanical disassembly of many components and materials, presenting a challenge for actors who want to discourage them. Yet, these activities result in significant and very serious potential health effects as evidenced by 48 references screened and critically assessed. Though a large body of research exists that report observations of potentially hazardous substances in environmental media and human bodies, there is an abject paucity of reliable or even indicative data to indicate the scale of the e-waste processing activity. Moreover, the concentrations measured in almost all studies suffer from a multiplicity of confounding activities, creating challenges regarding identifying the activity source. System level interventions should be designed to effectively mitigate the risk, whilst rapidly transitioning to low-risk processing with effective pollution abatement in place and safe systems of work.
Disease and Disapproval: COVID-19 Concern is Related to Greater Moral Condemnation
Authors: Henderson Robert K. , Schnall Simone
Published: December 2020

Prior research has indicated that disease threat and disgust are associated with harsher moral condemnation. We investigated the role of a specific, highly salient health concern, namely the spread of the coronavirus, and associated COVID-19 disease, on moral condemnation. We hypothesized that individuals who report greater subjective worry about COVID-19 would be more sensitive to moral transgressions. Across 3 studies (N = 913), conducted March-May 2020 as the pandemic started to unfold in the United States, we found that individuals who were worried about contracting the infectious disease made harsher moral judgments than those who were relatively less worried. This effect was not restricted to transgressions involving purity, but extended to transgressions involving harm, fairness, authority, and loyalty, and remained when controlling for political orientation. Furthermore, for Studies 1 and 2 the effect also was robust when taking into account the contamination subscale of the Disgust Scale—Revised. These findings add to the growing literature that concrete threats to health can play a role in abstract moral considerations, supporting the notion that judgments of wrongdoing are not based on rational thought alone.
Most (but not all) Anti-Vaccination Attitudes Increased Alongside the Occurrence and Persistence of COVID-19: A Snapshot of the Trends in the U.S.
Authors: Huynh Ho
Published: December 2020

A forthcoming vaccine may curb the COVID-19 pandemic; however, anti-vaccination attitudes may limit its uptake. Data collected from different samples in three time points prior to (n = 840) and four time points during (n = 1543) the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed to provide a snapshot of the trends in anti-vaccination attitudes related to the occurrence and persistence of COVID-19. The total sample (N = 2383) consisted of 38.8% female, 72.2% White/Caucasian, 12.50% Black/African American, 5.10 % Asian, 5.10% Hispanic/Latino participants, whose average age was 37.67 years old (SD = 11.24). Independent samples t-tests revealed that worries about unforeseen future effects, concerns about commercial profiteering, and preference for natural immunity were higher during COVID-19 than they were prior to COVID-19, all ts > 15.00, ps < .0001, ds = .61 - .73. Planned contrasts showed that the same three anti-vaccination attitudes increased linearly alongside the persistence of COVID-19, all ts > 11.18, ps < .0001, 2p = .08 - .09. However, mistrust of vaccine benefit was lower during COVID-19 than prior to COVID-19, t(2381) = -6.40, p < .0001, d = .27; and it was relatively stable during the COVID-19 pandemic, t(1539) = -1.66, p = .10, 2p = .002. These results highlight the potential need to address specific anti-vaccination attitudes to promote the uptake of a COVID-19 vaccine. Limitations of the study are also discussed.
Trends of military-political development in Europe and of military-technical cooperation between the EU member states
Authors: Nikitin Alexander
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes in the time frame of the coming decade (2020–2030) the main trends in the development of the military and political situation in Europe. New nuclear risks arising from the weakening of the WMD non-proliferation regime, the dismantling of the INF Treaty and the prospects for the deployment of new generations of medium- and short-range missiles in Europe are being considered. The EU's successes and failures over the past three decades in establishing a system of EU operations and missions in conflict regions have been systematized. The structure, types, purpose of the 47 projects of military-technical and military-political cooperation implemented by the European Union within the framework of the EU Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) are analyzed. Groups of projects aimed at strengthening cooperation in the crisis response, at the development and production of weapons, at mastering information- and cyber-communications, logistics and medical cooperation, and at training activities are identified. The strengthening of Europe's geostrategic autonomy from the United States is noted, as well as the military-technical rather than military-operational emphasis within the PESCO programs, the absence of projects aimed directly at conducting collective offensive operations. Conclusions are drawn regarding the dangers of involving the CSTO indirect confrontation with NATO and the EU, the need to establish cooperation along the CSTO-EU line in confronting new common risks and challenges that are endangering both the east and west of Europe. There has been a transformation of many programs of military-technical and military-operational cooperation/integration of EU countries into the basis for new directions of the arms race in Europe.
Modern approaches of the European Union to creating own armed its forces
Authors: Manoilo Andrei
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the basic principles, stages and features of the formation of a new type of armed forces in the European Union – the pan-European army of the EU. It is noted that over the entire period of its existence, the European Union has not been able to form its own army, although attempts to implement this project have been made repeatedly – in 1999, 2003, 2004, and possibly in 2018 (in connection with the implementation of the EU program of ongoing structured cooperation PESCO). Initially, the European army was supposed to be equipped with units of all combat arms (from aviation to naval ships); its number at the initial stage should have been at least 50–60 thousands military personnel (then it was planned to increase its number to one hundred and even one hundred and fifty thousand people). However, to date, all that the EU has to intervene in armed conflicts is the multinational EU rapid reaction force, consisting of several battalion tactical groups of 1,500 persons each. These forces showed themselves quite well during the EU military operations in the Balkans, the Middle East and Africa (Somalia, Mali, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Central African Republic), but they are clearly not in the full-fledged army of the European Union or even its core pulling. To compensate for these shortcomings, the PESCO program was launched in March 2018, but after two years of its implementation, the results of this program are rather modest. A good effect was achieved only in the field of «military mobility» (logistics); but on the fulfillment of a number of «obligations» of the countries participating in this program, the European Council does not even have rough information (countries refuse to give it).
Benelux: new horizons of defence cooperation
Authors: Nadtochey Yuriy
Published: December 2020

The article examines Benelux defence cooperation model. Research methodology is based on comparative research which is applied to the so called defence clusters framed by small nations of Western Europe. The article discusses the main parameters of the defence cooperation among Benelux countries for today and for upcoming future. It traces the origin and growth of military ties among Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg after the end of the Cold War. In this regard defence priorities of these small nations are assumed within the context of changing security environment in Europe and beyond. The main areas of their joint activity, specific programs and projects of defence cooperation are being traced. Military reform notably personnel size reduction and armed forces reorientation towards new tasks dealing are being analyzed. Economic reasons which determine the level of ambition in militarytechnical cooperation among Benelux countries are also taken into consideration. The influence of external factors, notably Benelux partner nations from EU and NATO is also analyzed. It is calculated to what measure new developments inside EU (like Brexit or transatlantic disputes) affect the overall European security climate. Universal nature of Benelux defence model is a good example of incubator where new ideas and concepts emerge and turn into achievements that are similarly profitable for both EU and NATO. Experience gained by the three allies inside their defence cluster may become a model for other sub-regional groupings in Europe. The results of the study shows that Benelux defence cluster is a promising track of cooperation among its member states and it may be further improved.
Czech Republic: Defence and Security Strategy within the EU
Authors:   INION RAN, Shcherbakova Yulia
Published: December 2020

The article examines the defense strategy of the Czech Republic. Based on the analysis of government documents («Defense Strategy of the Czech Republic 2017,» «Priorities of the Czech Presidency in V4») reveals the goals and objectives of the Czech Republic in the field of European security and defense at the present stage. The country is an independent element not only of global security, but, due to its geographical location in the middle of Europe, and an important element of European security. The article explores the Czech Republic's position on participation in the Permanent Structured Cooperation on Security and Defense (PESCO), multilateral projects outside the EU, military missions and operations of the EU and NATO, as well as bilateral cooperation and within the Visegrad Group (V4) comprising Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia. The Czech Republic's position on military expenditures is being considered, as well as the problem of coexistence of European military structures and NATO. The Czech Republic intends to develop a single European arms market. This includes mandatory investments in the defense industry and the formation of the European Defense Fund, which will be used to invest in member countries. The Czech Republic actively supports and develops bilateral and multilateral defense cooperation with neighboring countries, as well as in a regional format. Defense regional cooperation focuses on two main areas: cooperation with Germany and within the Visegrad Group. Also it observes risks to Czech defense construction revealed due to Coronavirus pandemic.
UK – EU Security and Defence Cooperation after Brexit
Authors: Aleshin Alexander
Published: December 2020

The United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union launched a transformation of the Euro-Atlantic security area, which led to uncertainty and the creation of political forks for key regional actors on military integration. The Euro-Atlantic security complex has moved towards bipolarity with centers in NATO and the EU, but so far this is only a trend. The consequence of Brexit is the strengthening of polycentricity in the European sub-complex of the Euro-Atlantic security area and the strengthening of the leadership of the EU, Paris and London. The future system and structure of this sub-complex largely depends on the results of negotiations between the UK and the EU both on trade and economic issues, and on cooperation in the field of security, defence and foreign policy cooperation. The economic aspects of Brexit are still not clear, the economic losses due to the coronavirus pandemic and the slowdown in the global economy are obvious, which leads to unpredictability in the formation of military and foreign policy budgets of both the UK and the EU member states. The UK intends to establish the most deep and comprehensive military-political cooperation with the EU. In the absence of institutional mechanisms for the interaction of Brussels with London on security issues, the country seeks to strengthen bilateral ties in the field of foreign policy, security and defence with EU leaders, primarily France and Germany. An important influence on the above processes have external actors, among them the United States play a paramount role. The UK is likely to seek its place between the USA and the EU, which will force London to deliberately combine multilateral and bilateral cooperation with individual countries. The security area in Europe will gain more certainty after the conclusion of a political agreement between the UK and the EU, but this will not happen until the conclusion of a trade and economic agreement.
"NEW ISLAMIZATION OF THE CHAM". CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES FOR CAMBODIA
Authors: Mosyakov Dmitriy , Omarova U.A.
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена современному состоянию чамской исламской общины в Камбодже. Проводится анализ того, как идеи и представления радикального ислама, который распространяется среди чамов Камбоджи при прямом участии и поддержке исламских международных фондов, влияют на состояние исламской общины, какие угрозы и вызовы возникают перед ней при этом.
SPIRITUAL AND MORAL BASIS OF MILITARY CULTURE OF SOLDIERS OF THE ARMY OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Khoshimova G.I.
Published: December 2020

В данной статье описывается история военной культуры как духовно-нравственная основа современной армии Узбекистана. Раскрывается роль военной культуры и традиций в воспитании военнослужащих в духе патриотизма.
THE “NEW ISLAMIZATION OF CHAMS” CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES FOR CAMBODIA
Authors: Mosyakov Dmitriy , Omarova Unsiya
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the current state of the Cham Islamic community in Cambodia. The authors analyze how the ideas of radical Islam, which is distributed among Cambodian Cham, with the direct participation and support of Islamic international foundations, affect the state of the Islamic community, what threats and challenges it faces.
Impact of Social Media Promotion on Customer Purchase Intention of Commercial Banks Services
Authors: Shrestha Sajeeb Kumar
Published: December 2020

Banking sector these days are providing many products/services to the customers in a competitive way. Using social media promotion is a strong tool to reach the prospective and regular customers in the cost effective and time efficient way. So, in this way this research attempts to measure the impact of social media promotion on customer purchase intention of commercial banks services. Descriptive and causal research design was used. Convenience sampling method was used to collect sample. Primary cross- section data were collected. Two hundred samples were approached and data were collected from them. Partial Least Square Structure Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to measure the research model. The research confirmed customer awareness, customer engagement, product/service perception and trust has significant impact on customer purchase intention of banks services. Banks management should focus on the importance of social media to enhance these factors.
Students’ Beliefs on Learner Autonomy in English Language Classroom
Authors: Jora Man Bahadur
Published: December 2020

This study tries to explore the students' beliefs on learner autonomy in English language class at the secondary level. I, as a researcher, collected first hand data from the students of secondary level of government aided school. The students of school A are interpreted on the basis of ethnographic research. This study analyses students’ beliefs and reflections on learner autonomy. Moreover, the present study relates and connects two theories in the process of developing and shaping of it. It emphasizes the students’ perceptions toward learning autonomy and the researcher has anticipated mentioning the students’ perceptions on English language teaching learning in the government aided schools. The findings of this study reveal that learner autonomy is necessary for the learners' encouragement, the opportunity of learning language and learner’s development, and for responsibility of the learners.
Socio-economic and Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on English Learners
Authors: Jha Ranjana Kumari
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 crisis has brought up unprecedented and complex issues for us all. COVID-19 crisis has made global impact in most of the sectors, including socio-economic and psychological impacts. Therefore, this study designed to address socio-economic and psychological impacts of COVID-19 on English learners. For this purpose, a sample of 50 students and 4 teachers were selected from two schools following random sampling procedures. Similarly, two key tools for collecting data were used, namely questionnaires and interviews. After analyzing the data collected through the online questionnaire and interview sheet, it has been found that COVID-19 has affected on socio-economic and psychological factors. Most of the students do not always take online class because of lack of money. During COVID-19, students sell fruits on the way. Psychologically, students are weak. So, they try to commit suicide and students do not enjoy online classes because of the lack of creativity in online. Furthermore, almost all the teachers opined that the presences of students are very low in online classes because of poor economic condition. Thus, COVID-19 directly impacts English learners' all aspects of life.
Money for Nothing? Financing the 2016 and 2020 U.S. Presidential Nomination Campaigns
Authors: Turek Maciej
Published: December 2020

The aim of the paper is to analyze the relationship between campaign money and winning the 2016 and 2020 presidential nominations in the United States. While in the last two decades of the twentieth century candidates who raised most money almost always became major party nominees, the record is mixed for presidential cycles 2004-2012. By comparing various dimensions of campaign finance, including activities of candidates' campaign committees and outside groups, the Author demonstrates that while successful fundraising, resulting in dozens of millions of dollars at the disposal of candidates, seems necessary to run a competitive campaign, raising the most money is no longer pre-requisite for becoming major party presidential nominee.
Climate Change and COVID-19: Structure and System in a Future Tense
Authors: Dufresne Todd
Published: December 2020

There is widespread confusion about the connection between COVID-19 and the larger problem of climate change. This article investigates the connection between the pandemic and climate crises in three ways. First, it examines how impactful emission reductions inspired by COVID-19 have helped prevent future climate catastrophe. Second, it shows why this pandemic is not a climate emergency at all but a routine feature of history. However, the article insists that these crises are connected by the anthropogenic influence of capitalism. Third, it examines ways that the pandemic has shifted beliefs that could be harnessed to help prevent the worst impacts of climate catastrophe, which remains the biggest problem to ever face life on earth.
Private law rights as democratic participation: Kelsen on private law and (economic) democracy
Authors: Dedek Helge
Published: December 2020

In the first edition of his famous treatise Reine Rechtslehre, Einleitung in die Rechtswissenschaftliche Problematik (translated as Introduction to the Problems of Legal Theory), Hans Kelsen makes the claim that the existing liberal, property rights-based private law of his era is a ‘democratic form of law’ and that private law rights are ‘political in the same sense as those rights that are usually characterized as political rights.’ In this article, I aim to explain how Kelsen developed his theory of private law and private rights within the theoretical and methodological framework of the ‘Pure Theory of Law’ and its philosophical underpinnings of relativism and ‘value neutrality,’ culminating in the connection between private law and democracy. I wish to highlight, in particular, the still often underappreciated fact that the Pure Theory saw itself as a critical project, aimed at exposing and exorcizing ‘ideology.’ To Kelsen’s contemporary audiences, drawing a connection between ‘capitalist’ private law and democracy must have appeared particularly counter-intuitive against the backdrop of one of the most important – if now almost forgotten – political debates of the Weimar era, the debate on ‘economic democracy’ (‘Wirtschaftsdemokratie’). It was a powerful trope in the inter-war period that the capitalist economy and its institutional safeguards – private, labour, commercial, and corporate law – were ‘undemocratic.’ I submit that Kelsen’s statement – flipping the contemporaneous revisionist-socialist rhetoric on its head – may be better understood in the larger context of the precarity of democracy in the Weimar period and especially in the context of a theoretical and political challenge that contrasted the existing ‘bourgeois’ parliamentary democracy with a ‘true,’ ‘social’ democracy that would realize conditions of social and economic justice. By connecting ‘capitalistic’ law with ‘democracy’ and ‘socialistic’ law with ‘autocracy,’ Kelsen once more underscores that democracy, properly understood as a formal principle, is irreducible to substantive justice.
Türkiye'deki Müşterilerin Akıllı Şebekelerde Yük Kaydırmaya Dayalı Talep Tarafı Yönetimine Tepkileri
Authors: ÇAKMAK Recep , ALTAŞ İsmail
Published: December 2020

Akıllı şebeke üzerine teknik çalışmalar tüm dünyada ve Türkiye’de devam etmektedir. Akıllı şebekeleri geleneksel şebekelerden ayıran en önemli özelliklerden birisi, akıllı şebekelerin dağıtık üretim yapısına sahip olmasıdır. Bu nedenle talep tarafı yönetimi günümüzün dağıtım şebekelerinde öne çıkan araştırma konularından biridir. Geleneksel şebekelerdeki “tüketime göre üretim” yaklaşımı yerine akıllı şebekelerde, talep tarafı yönetimi ile “üretime göre tüketim” yaklaşımı benimsenmektedir. Akıllı şebeke ve talep tarafı yönetimi üzerine teknik ve akademik çalışmalar yapılırken, akıllı şebekelerin uygulama safhasında önemli paydaşlarından biri olan tüketicilerin akıllı şebekelere ve talep tarafı yönetimine ilişkin tutumlarının araştırılması önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'deki müşterilerin akıllı şebekelerde yük kaydırmaya dayalı talep tarafı yönetimine yönelik tepkileri ve tutumları, İstanbul'da gerçekleştirilen bir kamuoyu araştırmasının (anket) sonuçları kullanılarak sunulmuştur. Sunulan sonuçlar, anket verilerinin istatistiksel frekans analizine tabi tutulmasıyla elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular Türkiye’de akıllı şebeke çalışmalarının ve talep tarafı yönetimi politikalarının geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Maple-model of particle movement on an involvent cylinder
Authors:   The National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Nesvidomin A. V.
Published: December 2020

In grain harvesters there is an interaction of a moving particle with a rough surface of enclosing casings of various cylindrical forms. Establishing the patterns of particle motion on the rough surface of the cylinder allows you to calculate the structural and kinematic parameters of the enclosing casings. In order to rationally move or separate bulk material, it is necessary to take into account a significant number of design and technological factors, which is extremely difficult to do without computer analysis. Computer technology allows to solve the problem of modeling the motion of a particle on a rough cylindrical surface, completely eliminate time-consuming analytical transformations to form the law of its motion, and leave only the interactive computational experiment. The purpose of the study is to develop a Maple-model of particle motion in an involute cylinder. The parametric equation of the uv-coordinate grid of a horizontal cylinder with an orthogonal cross section of the involute of a circle with an upward convexity is obtained. This made it possible to obtain the laws of motion of the particle in the projections on the horts. As a result of modeling, the trajectory-kinematic properties of particle motion on a fixed rough surface of an involute cylinder are established. Computational experiments have shown that to reduce crop losses, the upper casings of the combing reapers in the form of an involute cylinder must be divided into separate sections, because the grains thrown by the combing beater at an angle to the rectilinear cylindrical surfaces can break away from them.
Correctness conditions for boundary value problems
Authors:   Kharkiv Petrо Vasilenko National Technical University of Agriculture, Levkin D.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the issues of mathematical modeling of technological systems that contain physical fields’ sources. It is believed that in the case of a simple spatial form of the object under study, the boundary value problems will be correct. The interest lies in mathematical models for nonlinear, multilayer objects under the influence of load sources, for which, using the traditional theory of existence and unity, it is impossible to guarantee the correctness of boundary value problems. The author considers boundary value problems for systems of differential and pseudo differential equations in a multilayer medium which describe the state of the studied systems under the action of discrete load sources. The correctness of such problems is proven using the theory of distributions over the space of generalized functions. The object of research is boundary value problems for systems of differential and pseudo differential equations in a multilayer medium. The aim of the research is to build correct boundary value problems, which underlie the calculated mathematical models of the process of action of physical fields on multilayer objects. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the correctness of the parabolic boundary value problem in the space of generalized functions are obtained in the article. It is shown that its solution is infinitely differentiated by a spatial variable. The results of the research can be used to obtain the conditions for the correctness of the boundary value problem for differential equations with variable coefficients. Note that, in some cases, the correctness of the calculated mathematical models determines the correctness of applied optimization mathematical models. The application of the author's research is possible when proving the correctness of boundary value problems for a number of technological processes. The universality of the research allows to widely usage of the results obtained in this work to improve the quality of technological processes.
Diagnostic and Pathologic Value of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression in Colon Carcinoma
Authors: Omar Helmy Dina , Tag El-Sabah Mahmoud , Sherif Negm Mohamed , Armia Mina Ezzat Onsy
Published: December 2020

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic value of programmed death-ligand1 expression in colon carcinoma cells and its correlation with different pathological features. Methods: An immunohistochemical study was conducted on 50 cases diagnosed as colon carcinoma over a one year period from October 2018 to October 2019.The paraffin blocks were received from the Pathology Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University and Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST). The diagnosis of colon carcinoma for all cases was revised using H&E stain. The immunohistochemical expression of programmed death- ligand1 was assessed using immune reactive score method. The personal data, clinical details and pathological diagnosis were recorded and correlated with programmed death-ligand1 expression. Results: This study included 50 cases of colon carcinoma. There was a male predominance with female to male ratio 1:1.08.The age of patients was ranged from 30 years to 76 years with mean age 53.3± 11.2 years. The majority of cases (44%) were invasive adenocarcinoma followed by invasive adenocarcinoma with mucoid activity (18%), invasive adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (16%), invasive signet ring carcinoma (14%) and invasive mucinous carcinoma (8%). Immune reactive score for programmed death-ligand1 had a Mean ± Standard Deviation of 8.4 ± 4.2. Strong immune reactive score was represented by 58% of cases, moderate immune reactive score was represented by 24% of cases and only one case (2%) had mild immune reactive score. The remaining 16% of cases were negative. Correlation between immune reactive score of programmed death-ligand1and tumor type, size and lymph-vascular invasion was statistically significant. Cases with marked immune reactive score for programmed death-ligand1 showed highest predilection for invasive adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation, large sized tumors and lymph-vascular invasion.Conclusion: The expression of programmed death-ligand1 using immune reactive score method can estimate the growth of colon carcinoma, invasive adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation and lymph-vascular spread. Further large scale studies utilizing programmed death-ligand 1can aid in identifying the prognosis and therapeutic possibilities for patients with colon cancer.
Copper Nanoparticles: A Review on Synthesis, Characterization and Applications
Authors: Harishchandra Baraiya Divyeksha , Pappuswamy Manikantan , PU Antony , Shama Ganesh , A Pragatheesh , Arumugam Vijaya Anand , Periyaswamy Thirunavukkarasu , Sundaram Rajkumar
Published: December 2020

An emerging field of science “Nanotechnology” which is involved in manipulation of atoms and molecules has shown great potential in all fields of sciences. Nanotechnology deals with nanoparticles ranging from size 1 to 100 nm in diameter, due to small size and high surface area eventually increases the state of activity. This review focuses on metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and mainly on green synthesis, characterization and application of copper nanoparticles. Green synthesis of copper and copper oxide (Cu and CuO) is economically beneficial and ecofriendly. Copper nanoparticles are used in diverse fields such as biomedicine, pharmaceuticals, bioremediation, molecular biology, bioengineering, genetic engineering, dye degradation, catalysis, cosmetics and textiles. Structural properties and biological effects of copper nanoparticles have promising effectivity in field of life sciences.
Stratégie repreneuriale et performance en PME
Authors: Boumedjaoud Dorian , Messeghem Karim
Published: December 2020

Avec le vieillissement de la population, le nombre d’entreprises à reprendre augmente. Pour autant, le succès de la reprise suppose à la fois de réinventer l’entreprise et de bénéficier d’un accompagnement. La littérature s’est assez peu intéressée à ces questions. L’objectif de cet article est de montrer l’intérêt, lors de la prise de fonction du repreneur, de construire une stratégie tournée vers la poursuite de nouvelles opportunités et prenant appui sur le mentorat. Une étude menée auprès de 278 repreneurs souligne le rôle du mentorat dans la réussite de la stratégie repreneuriale.
Les stratégies de valorisation des emplois discrédités par la société ?
Authors: Guerrero Sylvie , Garcia-Falières Alice , Bentein Kathleen , Herrbach Olivier
Published: December 2020

Alors que les emplois d’aide à domicile auprès des personnes âgées sont, avec le vieillissement de la population, considérés comme des gisements d’emplois, ils souffrent d’un déficit d’image nuisant à l’attractivité et à la fidélisation des salariés. S’appuyant sur la littérature consacrée aux « sales boulots », cette étude propose de comprendre les stratégies de défense mises en place par des aides à domicile afin de lutter contre les perceptions de dévalorisation de leur emploi. Elle apporte ce faisant des pistes de réflexion aux organisations qui veulent aider les aides à domicile à créer du sens dans leur travail, en lien avec la flexibilité des tâches, la formation, et la socialisation des salariés.
“Some Things Just Won’t Go Back”
Authors: Goldstein Alanna , Flicker Sarah
Published: December 2020

We conducted three online focus groups [n=25] with teen girls in Canada in May and June 2020 to explore their dating and relationship experiences during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the strict public health measures limiting physical contact, participants reported connecting primarily online with possible dating partners and others. While facilitating platforms, like Snapchat, were already part of these teen girls’ dating and relationships repertoire, many participants reflected on the limitations and drawbacks of being able to connect only virtually. Results suggest the need to better attend to the impacts that COVID-19 restrictions are having on teen girls’ dating relationships, as well as to the larger impacts that the deterioration of these relationships might be having on their mental and emotional health.
Pre-pandemic Influences on Kenyan Girls’ Transitions to Adulthood during COVID-19
Authors: Bellerose Meghan , Diaw Maryama , Pinchoff Jessie , Kangwana Beth , Austrian Karen
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 containment measures have left adolescent girls in Nairobi, Kenya vulnerable to negative educational, economic, and secondary health outcomes that threaten their safe transitions into adulthood. In June 2020, the Population Council conducted phone-based surveys with 856 girls aged between 10 and 19 in 5 informal settlements who had been surveyed prior to COVID-19 as part of five longitudinal studies. We performed bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses to assess the relationship between COVID-19 outcomes and potential protective or risk factors. We found that younger girls are experiencing high levels of food insecurity and difficulty learning from home during school closures, while many older girls face the immediate risk of dropping out of school permanently and have been forgoing needed health services.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PREZI DAN KAHOOT SERTA PEMBERIAN REWARD SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR AKUNTANSI
Authors: Zoebaidha Siti
Published: December 2020

Learning by implementing the conventional methods in which the teachers are considered as the learning central attention (teacher-centered learning) and books as the main learning sources is no longer relevant. Since the most students now become more familiar with the development of technology, the teachers are also required to adapt with the technology-based learning. This classroom action research (CAR) was conducted in three cycles (pre-cycle, cycle-1, and cycle-2). The stages and activities made in cycle-1 were similar with those made in cycle-2. The different was only related to development and completion made in cycle-2 due to the weaknesses found in cycle-1. This research aims at revealing the impact of Prezi & Kahoot media and reward’s giving utilized as the learning strategies on the improvement of learning achievements made by the XI Ak 3 students of SMKN-2 Madiun in the academic year of 2018/2019. It is concluded that the utilization of Prezi & Kahoot media and reward’s giving can improve the student’ cognitive learning achievements up to 84%. It means that these learning achievements are already above the Minimum Mastery Criteria (75%) set by the school. ABSTRAK: Pembelajaran menerapkan metode konvensional, guru sebagai pusat pembelajaran (teacher-centered learning), dengan menggunakan buku sebagai sumber belajar dinilai sudah kurang relevan sekarang ini. Hal ini dikarenakan siswa sudah semakin akrab dengan perkembangan teknologi yang ada sehingga guru juga dituntut untuk dapat beradaptasi dan mengadopsi pembelajaran berbasis teknologi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang berlangsung 3 siklus (pra siklus, siklus-1, dan siklus-2). Tahapan dan kegiatan yang dilakukan pada siklus-1 adalah sama dengan yang dilakukan pada siklus-2. Perbedaannya terletak pada perbaikan dan penyempurnaan pada siklus-2 yang didasarkan atas kekurangan/kelemahan pada siklus-1. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penggunaan media Prezi dan Kahoot serta pemberian reward sebagai sarana pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI Ak 3 SMKN-2 Madiun Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Simpulan penelitian adalah bahwa penggunaan media Prezi dan Kahoot serta pemberian reward dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa sampai 84%. Capaian ini berarti berada di atas Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) yang ditetapkan sekolah sebesar 75%.
Representaciones sociales de masculinidad, un proceso de identidad del hombre
Authors: Cruz Garcia Darwin Alexis , Tibana Rios Diana Carolina
Published: December 2020

El estudio de las representaciones sociales de lo masculino es algoimportante hoy en día ya que plantea la reflexión en la construcción deidentidad del hombre, siendo el eje en la construcción de nuevas formar derelación y de percepción de lo masculino cuestionando las posturashegemónicas. Se presenta un estudio descriptivo de los procesos de identidadque tiene la población de la comuna 2 de Soacha de los hombres en el marcode las nuevas masculinidades, participaron 14 instituciones y se recogieron292 encuestas, 177 de mujeres y 115 de hombres. Por tanto, los resultadosen las características en el proceso de identidad del hombre se plantean através de procesos de socialización que por medio del lenguaje imponencolores, forma de vestir y roles. Finalmente, las representaciones socialescomprenden la masculinidad desde enunciados y códigos lingüísticos, en estructuras familiares y sociales relacionados a modelos culturales dominantes.
Fahlbands of the Keret archipelago, White Sea: the composition of rocks and minerals, ore mineralization
Authors: Salimgaraeva Laysan , Skublov Sergey , Berezin Aleksey , Galankina Olga
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a complex mineralogical and geochemical characteristic (based on SEM-EDS, ICP-MS analysis) of the fahlband rocks of the Kiv-Guba-Kartesh occurrence within the White Sea mobile belt (WSMB). The term “fahlband” first appeared in the silver mines of Kongsberg in the 17th century. Now fahlbands are interlayers or lenses with sulfide impregnation, located in the host, usually metamorphic rock. The level of sulfide content in the rock  exceed the typical accessory values, but at the same time be insufficient for massive ores. Fahlbands are weathered in a different way than the host rocks, so they are easily distinguished in outcrops due to their rusty-brown color. The studied rocks are amphibolites, differing from each other in garnet content and silicification degree. Ore mineralization is represented mainly by pyrrhotite and pyrite, and pyrrhotite grains are often replaced along the periphery by iron oxides and hydroxides, followed by pyrite overgrowth. At the same time, the rock contains practically unaltered pyrrhotite grains of irregular shape with fine exsolution structures composed of pentlandite, and individual pyrite grains with an increased Ni content (up to 5.4 wt.%). A relatively common mineral is chalcopyrite, which forms small grains, often trapped by pyrrhotite. We have also found single submicron sobolevskite and hedleyite grains. The REE composition of the fahlband rocks suggests that they are related to Archean metabasalts of the Seryakskaya and Loukhsko-Pisemskaya structures of the WSMB, rather than with metagabbroids and metaultrabasites common in the study area.
Practice of using the magnetic treatment devices to intensify the processes of primary oil treating
Authors: Golubev Ivan , Golubev Andrei , Laptev Аnatolii
Published: December 2020

During the primary treatment of oil, gas and water, complications arise associated with the presence of hard water-oil emulsions, which cause an increase in fluid pressure in the gathering systems, pipeline damage, as well as difficulties in gas separation and preliminary water discharge at the preliminary discharge unit (PRU). Additional problems arise during transportation of highly paraffinic oils associated with the crystallization of paraffin in the flow path of the oilfield equipment and on the inner surface of pipes, leading to a drop in the productivity of pipelines. 

Article discusses the technology of magnetic-reagent treatment of water-oil media, which allows intensifying the processes of primary oil treatment at the facilities of its production. Bench and pilot tests have shown the ability of the magnetic field to accelerate oil demulsification processes, increasing the percentage of separated water during subsequent settling, and to reduce asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPD) on the inner surface of oil and gas field equipment.

Mechanism of the magnetic field effect on water-oil media is described. Effect of treatment on the integrity of the armour shells of oil-water emulsions was studied. Various modes of magnetic treatment have been investigated with evaluation of its effectiveness. It is shown that the best effect is achieved with the combined use of reagents and a magnetic field. Synergistic effect is observed, which consists in increasing their effectiveness. This made it possible to conclude that this method can be applied to reduce the consumption of reagents used in oil production while maintaining the treatment efficiency.
Proceso de sistematización de una experiencia de reinserción familiar
Authors: Gabby del Pilar Dávila-Penen  , Padre Juan José-Benavidez  , María Angélica Quezada-Álvarez
Published: December 2020

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una experiencia de sistematización de reinserción familiar de un caso de abandono, cuyo objetivo fue sistematizar el aporte realizado por el equipo técnico de la Fundación Pueblito La Ternura en la intervención del caso de una adolescente en situación de abandono, para la reinserción a la familia ampliada.

Para ello se siguió el proceso de: reconstrucción/descripción, análisis e interpretación, generación del nuevo conocimiento y difusión de lo aprendido. El proyecto se apoyó en la metodología cualitativa, desde el enfoque etnográfico de tipo interpretativo; utilizó el estudio de documentos a través de informes psicológicos, sociales, fichas de derivación institucional, informes de visitas domiciliarias y mapeo familiar, entre otros. Igualmente, hizo uso de estrategias dirigidas a la resolución de la situación de abandono, de adaptación y de reinserción familiar.

El resultado más sobresaliente es la misma sistematización del proceso de reinserción familiar, llegando, entre otros aspectos, a concluir que el trabajo en equipo interdisciplinario, apoyado en la normatividad gubernamental, tiene éxito de acuerdo con el dinamismo y la gestión persistente para la desinstitucionalización de la adolescente y su reinserción familiar.
Sistematización de experiencias Aportes profesionales en la transformación de prácticas de familias disfuncionales
Authors: Greissy Targelia Angulo-Castillo  , Andrea Carolina Burbano-Cabrera  , María Alejandra Cuaicuán-Guerrero
Published: December 2020

El propósito de este artículo es dar a conocer los aportes del equipo psicosocial para el proceso de restablecimiento de derechos en casos de negligencia y violencia intrafamiliar y, comprender los distintos roles que asumen los profesionales de trabajo social y psicología ante los casos de vulneración de derechos.

La experiencia se llevó a cabo mediante el análisis del abordaje profesional de un equipo psicosocial (conformado por una trabajadora social y una psicóloga), en un caso de violencia intrafamiliar tratado en la Comisaría de Familia del municipio de Túquerres. Se hizo dos acercamientos presenciales con el equipo de profesionales, y ocho de manera virtual.

La metodología se enmarcó desde un paradigma metodológico cualitativo, siguiendo un enfoque interpretativo y su tipo fue la sistematización de experiencias.

Los resultados nos orientaron en la comprensión del quehacer de los equipos psicosociales y el desempeño en sus distintos roles para entender a la familia en su complejidad y brindarle un verdadero acompañamiento. Los equipos psicosociales trabajaron bajo directrices técnicas y metodológicas que permitieron una lectura acertada de la familia, que llevó a que los profesionales en trabajo social y psicología desarrollen habilidades y generen estrategias de intervención para que los procesos de restablecimiento de derechos de niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) ante casos de violencia intrafamiliar, sean efectivos.