bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODELLING URBAN GROWTH FOR BANGKOK AND ASSESSING LINKAGES WITH ROAD DENSITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Authors: Kamarajugedda S. A. , Lo E. Y. M.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The fastest urbanization is occurring in the Global South which includes many developing nations in Asia. However, a rapid and unplanned urban growth could threaten the sustainability of the process. A key step towards a sustainable urban development is to better understand interdependencies amongst urban growth patterns, infrastructure and socio-economic indicators. Here we chose Bangkok, Thailand as a megacity case study to assess the spatio-temporal urban growth dynamics and specifically its dependency with road density at intra-city scales. The SLEUTH urban growth model is further applied for predicting future expansion over the next decade and to assess the future intra-city expansion. Urban expansion patterns for Bangkok were generated for 1987 and 2017 using Landsat derived urban land-cover maps. Open Street Map (OSM) is used to generate a 2017 road density map. The urban expansion (1987–2017) was observed to follow a radially outward expanding pattern inland, with the logarithmic urban expansion rate having an inverted concave trend with road density. The rising/falling limbs then indicated an increase/decrease of urban expansion for which a road density “turning point” is readily identified and further used to develop a road density-based zoning map that highlights the different intra-city urban expansion rates. The SLEUTH predicted urban growth till year 2027 which also showed expansion outward from existing urban areas. The future expansion trend is also consistent with the turning point trend. This study showed that such spatial-temporal analysis of urban expansion coupled with SLEUTH can be useful for investigating likely outcomes of city development plans.
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON UPDATING HIGH DEFINITION MAPS: DETECTING AND POSITIONING A TRAFFIC CONE BY USING A STEREO CAMERA
Authors: Lagahit M. L. R. , Tseng Y. H.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The concept of Autonomous Vehicles (AV) or self-driving cars has been increasingly popular these past few years. As such, research and development of AVs have also escalated around the world. One of those researches is about High-Definition (HD) maps. HD Maps are basically very detailed maps that provide all the geometric and semantic information on the road, which helps the AV in positioning itself on the lanes as well as mapping objects and markings on the road. This research will focus on the early stages of updating said HD maps. The methodology mainly consists of (1) running YOLOv3, a real-time object detection system, on a photo taken from a stereo camera to detect the object of interest, in this case a traffic cone, (2) applying the theories of stereo-photogrammetry to determine the 3D coordinates of the traffic cone, and (3) executing all of it at the same time on a Python-based platform. Results have shown centimeter-level accuracy in terms of obtained distance and height of the detected traffic cone from the camera setup. In future works, observed coordinates can be uploaded to a database and then connected to an application for real-time data storage/management and interactive visualization.
INTRA-URBAN HEAT ISLAND DETECTION AND TREND CHARACTERIZATION IN METRO MANILA USING SURFACE TEMPERATURES DERIVED FROM MULTI-TEMPORAL LANDSAT DATA
Authors: Landicho K. P. , Blanco A. C.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Unprecedented urbanization in Metro Manila has led to the proliferation of the urban heat island (UHI) effect. This is characterized by a prominent difference in the temperatures of the urban and its surrounding rural and less urbanized areas. Temperature differences occur within these UHI’s indicating the existence of intra-urban heat islands (IUHI). UHI’s and IUHI’s are well-documented indicators of urban environmental degradation and therefore puts the population of Metro Manila at risk. In anticipation of these effects, their detection and the characterization of their behaviour through time can contribute to proper urban planning thus mitigating harmful effects. Google Earth Engine was used to retrieve land surface temperatures (LST) from Landsat data from 1997 to 2019 using emissivity estimation. The Local Moran’s I statistic was then used to identify cluster and outlier types (COT). A histogram with 10 bins representing the net COT frequencies per barangay was then used to identify IUHI’s. Annual temperature measurements and COT areas were plotted against time and based on linear-fit trend lines they characterize the study area as to having an annual increase in temperature of roughly 0.18 °C and hotspot area extent of around 0.03 km2, and a decrease in coldspot area extent around 0.01 km2. Hotspots were found to be frequent in the cities of Caloocan, Manila, Pasay, and Quezon while coldspots were found to be frequent in the cities of Caloocan, Las Piñas, Malabon, Navotas, and Valenzuela. In conclusion, IUHI’s were detected with statistical basis, both spatially and temporally.
GEOSTATISTICS FOR AIR QUALITY MAPPING: CASE OF BAGUIO CITY, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Ramos R. V. , Blanco A. C.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Mapping of air quality are often based on ground measurements using gravimetric and air portable sensors, remote sensing methods and atmospheric dispersion models. In this study, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and geostatistical techniques are employed to evaluate coarse particulate matter (PM10) concentrations observed in the Central Business District of Baguio City, Philippines. Baguio City has been reported as one of the most polluted cities in the country and several studies have already been conducted in monitoring its air quality. The datasets utilized in this study are based on hourly simulations from a Gaussian-based atmospheric dispersion model that considers the impacts of vehicular emissions. Dispersion modeling results, i.e., PM10 concentrations at 20-meter interval, show that high values range from 135 to 422 μg/mm3. The pollutant concentrations are evident within 40 meters from the roads. Spatial variations and PM10 estimates at unsampled locations are determined using Ordinary Kriging. Geostatistical modeling estimates are evaluated based on recommended values for mean error (ME), root mean square error (RMSE) and standardized errors. Optimal predictors for pollutant concentrations at 5-meter interval include 2 to 5 search neighbors and variable smoothing factor for night-time datasets while 2 to 10 search neighbors and smoothing factors 0.3 to 0.5 were used for daytime datasets. Results from several interpolation tests indicate small ME (0.0003 to 0.0008 μg/m3) and average standardized errors (4.24 to 8.67 μg/m3). RMSE ranged from 2.95 to 5.43 μg/m3, which are approximately 2 to 3% of the maximum pollutant concentrations in the area. The methodology presented in this paper may be integrated with atmospheric dispersion models in refining estimates of pollutant concentrations, in generating surface representations, and in understanding the spatial variations of the outputs from the model simulations.
SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF URBAN HEAT ISLAND IN MANDAUE CITY, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Rejuso A. M. , Cortes A. C. , Blanco A. C. , Cruz C. A. , Babaan J. B.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Extensive urbanization alters the natural landscape as vegetation were replaced with infrastructures composed of materials with low albedo and high heat capacity often resulting to increase in land surface temperatures (LST). The present study focused on the spatial and temporal variations of LST in Mandaue City, one of the metropolitan cities in the Philippines that had undergone a rapid rate of urbanization over the past years. Climate Engine (CE), a cloud computing tool that processes satellite images, was used in this study. Preprocessed LST, normalized difference water index (NDWI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), shortwave infrared (SWIR 1) and near-infrared (NIR) layers were directly downloaded from CE while the normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) maps were calculated. Time-series dataset of these indices were analyzed to determine the impacts of reduced vegetation cover and increased built-up areas on surface temperature from years 2013 to 2019. The spatial distribution of LST were analyzed using Univariate Local Moran’s I in GeoDa to identify hotspots within the city. Analysis results showed that the hotspots are barangays Tipolo (100%), Bakilid (100%), Ibabao-Estancia (93.5%), Alang-Alang (87.2%), Guizo (84.4%), Subangdaku (84.1%), and Centro (79.4%). The results indicated that there is a linear relationship between LST and NDBI (r = 0.659, p < 0.01) while an inverse relationship was observed between LST with NDVI (r = −0.527, p < 0.1) and NDWI (r = −0.620, p < 0.01).
TIDE GAUGE AND SATELLITE ALTIMETRY DATA FOR POSSIBLE VERTICAL LAND MOTION DETECTION IN SOUTH EAST BOHOL TRENCH AND FAULT
Authors: Reyes R. , Noveloso D. , Rediang A. , Passaro M. , Bringas D. , Nagai M.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Coupled with the occurrence of regional/local sea level rise on urbanized coastal cities is the possibility of land subsidence that contaminates the measurement by the tide gauge (TG) sensors. Another technology that could possibly check the in-situ data from tide gauge is satellite altimetry. The sea surface height (SSH) measured from satellite altimeter is compared with the observed tide gauge sea level (TGSL) to detect vertical land motion (VLM). This study used satellite altimeter retracked products near the TG Stations in Tagbilaran, Bohol; Dumaguete, Negros Oriental; and Mambajao, Camiguin located in the vicinity of the South East Bohol Trench and Fault (SEBTF).Based on the results, the TG site in Tagbilaran is undergoing land subsidence. The rate of VLM is around 5 mm/year from 2009 to 2017. The same trend was manifested in the GNSS observed data in the PHIVOLCS monitoring station in Tagbilaran and the geodetic levelling done in the area. After the October 15, 2013 earthquake in Bohol, downward trends of around 27 mm/year and 17 mm/year were observed from GNSS measurements and SSH-TGSL difference respectively. These different rates may be due to the distance between the two sensors. The comparison between SSH and TGSL in Dumaguete showed small difference with a VLM rate of 1.8 mm/year. The difference in SSH-TGSL in Mambajao is quite large with a downward rate of 9.4 mm/year. This result needs to be further investigated for TG or TGBM instability or monitored for a possibility of land uplift.
THE SEAFLOOR MARINE DEBRIS ON THE NORTH AND THE CENTRAL PART OF
THE MOROCCAN ATLANTIC WATERS FROM TANGIER (35° N) TO SIDI IFNI (29° N): COMPOSITION, ABUNDANCE, SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, SOURCES AND MOVEMENT
Authors: Rhinane H. , Houssa R. , Loulad S.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The accumulation of human debris in the marine ecosystem is one of the main hidden negative impacts of the economic and social development that humanity has witnessed after industrialization era which comes accompanied with the evolution of productions, the consumerism, as well as the emergence of the throw-away culture. In this paper, we studied the marine debris pollution on the seafloor of the North and Central Moroccan Atlantic waters from Tangier (35° N) to Sidi Ifni(29° N). The data were collected during two scientific trawling surveys conducted aboard the Charif Elidrissi Vessel in February–March 2015 and March 2018. The prospection operations allowed to collect a total of 329 kg of Seafloor Marine Debris (SMD) with an average abundance ranging between 16.84 ± 20 kg/km2 to 30.15 ± 43 kg/km2. The plastic materials represented the higher percentage of collected items with more than 40% followed by textile debris which mainly composed of knotted fishing ropes used by the longliners in the area. The analysis of SMD composition and their Spatio-temporal pattern combined with the environmental and socio-economic parameters of the prospected area using GIS tools showed that the majority of collected items comes from fishing activities, and the rest comes from the coastal anthropogenic activities. Then the analysis of hydrodynamic properties of the area using AVISO data showed that the horizontal current in area that controls the exchange of water from the coastal area to the ocean interior plays a major role in scattering debris in this area far from their origins to the open ocean.
URBAN EFFECTS ON LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN DAVAO CITY, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Tinoy M. M. , Novero A. U. , Landicho K. P. , Baloloy A. B. , Blanco A. C.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. This study produced spatiotemporal hot and cold spot occurrence maps for Davao City for the period 1994-2019 using land surface temperature (LST) images. Urban heat is theorized to have been affected by some, if not all, of the following impact factors: air pollutant concentrations/particulate matter (PM10), vegetation “abundance” (using EVI), building “density” (NDBI), albedo, topography, and population density. A mobile traverse sampling was performed in the morning and afternoon of 15 April 2019 to measure PM10 in the city’s identified hot spots. The remaining factors were generated from imagery (i.e., Landsat 8, Synthetic Aperture Radar) and obtained from the Philippine Statistics Authority. These factors were analyzed against the LST which was obtained through Project GUHeat’s methodology. The relationships between the factors and LST were studied through multiple and quantile regression models (MRM & QRM). Results showed that variable PM10 does not have any significance in the MRM. Meanwhile, QRM were fitted to different quantile values, namely: 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th. It is only at the 90th quantile where all the independent variables are good predictors for the LST. Albedo is the most important predictor for the LST at 10th quantile whereas Elev for the 25th quantile. However, when LST is at the 50th, 75th, and 90th quantiles NDBI is the most significant variable at predicting LST. Reliable spatiotemporal assessment and modelling of surface temperature are essential for urban planning and management to formulate sustainable strategies for the welfare of people and environment.
SPATIOTEMPORAL MULTI-SATELLITE BIOPHYSICAL DATA ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF URBANIZATION ON LAND SURFACE AND AIR TEMPERATURE IN BAGUIO CITY, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Baloloy A. , Sta. Ana R. R. , Cruz J. A. , Blanco A. C. , Lubrica N. V. , Valdez C. J. , Cajucom E. P.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Urbanization can be observed through the occurrence of land-use changes as more land is being transformed and developed for urban use. One of the Philippine cities with high rate of urbanization is Baguio City, known for having a subtropical highland climate. To understand the spatiotemporal relationship between urbanization and temperature, this study aims to analyze the correlation of urban extent with land surface and air temperature in Baguio City using satellite-based built-up extents, land surface temperature (LST) maps, and weather station-recorded air temperature data. Built-up extent layers were derived from three satellite images: Landsat, RapidEye and PlanetScope. Land-use land cover (LULC) maps were generated from Landsat images using biophysical indices such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI); while RapidEye and PlanetScope built-up extent maps were generated by applying the visible green-based built-up index (VgNIR-BI). Mean LST values from 1988 to 2018 during the dry and wet seasons were calculated from the Landsat-retrieved surface temperature layers. The result of the study shows that the increase in the built-up extent significantly intensified the LST during the dry season which was observed in all satellite data-derived built-up maps: RapidEye+PlanetScope (2012–2018; r = 0.88), Landsat 8 (2012–2018; r = 0.63) and Landsat 5,7,8 (1988–2018; r = 0.61). The main LST hotspots were detected inside the Central Business District where it expanded gradually from year 1998 (43 ha) to 2011 (83 ha), but have increased extensively within the years 2014 to 2019 (305 ha). On average, 98.5% of the hotspots detected from 1995 to 2019 are within the equivalent built-up area.
IDENTIFYING SUITABLE AREAS FOR SMALL FARM RESERVOIR IN AGUSAN DEL NORTE USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Cacayan Jr A. O. , Apdohan A. G. , Bocobo A. E. , Ruta J. L.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The Philippines, as a part of Southeast Asia, falls into the zone categorized with agricultural areas prone to drought. Mitigating the concerns due to such vulnerability and also catering the needs of small-time farmers, rainfall harvesting with the use of agricultural structures called Small Farm Reservoirs (SFRs) used for storing water for irrigation are being used and deployed. This study aims to identify ideal locations for SFR which is essential due to the concerns of its geographical appropriateness and its vulnerability to environmental and other concerns such as seepage, sustainability, and optimizing yield. Geographic Information System through the ArcMap software is a modern tool for decision making, especially in the concerns of suitability and vulnerability assessment and was used in creating the suitability map for SFR in this study. The suitability map was created with the use of pre-processed raster data sets for precipitation, soil texture, slope, irrigation status. Weights for the weighted overlay were acquired from the standardized protocol for Small Scale Irrigation Project (SSIP) standardized protocol for site suitability identification from the Department of Agriculture - Bureau of Soil and Water Management (DA-BSWM) Philippines. Existing SFRs in the study area were validated through site visitation and were evaluated for usability and performance. The suitability map created accurately identified suitable zones for establishing SFRs with a result of 7 out of 7 existing SFRs are within the suitable zones, six (6) sites in the moderately suitable and one (1) on marginally suitable.
Corporate Entrepreneurship Performance: Findings From Government-Linked Companies in Malaysia
Authors: Entebang Harry , Harrison Richard T.
Published: December 2019

A nation’s economic growth has been associated with the role of entrepreneurship. While recognising the work of entrepreneurship on the mindset and behaviour of individual entrepreneurs, research into an organisational perspective of entrepreneurship continues to emerge due to unprecedented developments occurring around the world over the last two decades. Notably, past studies have postulated that entrepreneurial organisations tend to perform better than conservative organisations. In this vein, the Malaysian government has set up Government-linked companies (GLCs) to enable these entities to become more effective, efficient, and competitive, which can assist the government in strengthening its economy. On the other hand, despite considerable improvements, the overall performance of GLCs has been unsatisfactory. Given the hostility and dynamism of the business environment, GLCs have no other option but to improve and perform better. Recognising this, the purpose of the study is to determine the underlying forces forcing GLCs to improve and to identify forms of corporate entrepreneurship (CE) pursued by GLCs. Building on the outcomes of semi-structured interviews with senior managers in GLCs, the need for CE is fostered by competition and market pressure, technological changes, and increases in operation costs. Finally, future studies of CE in Malaysia may consider other aspects of CE, including issues and challenges in pursuing CE effectively within GLCs business environment.
Outside in the Music Teaching Machine: Remembrances of Marginalization
Authors: Powell Sean Robert , Celeste
Published: December 2019

In this article, we share stories of Celeste, an African American woman navigating the predominantly White, male world of band teaching. Through a collaborative post-qualitative inquiry, we present her experiences in a rhizome, joining with Spivak’s concept of the deconstruction of marginality. Celeste’s story highlights the ways in which she is marginalized through difference from the hegemonic center. We chronicle instances in which Celeste’s presence as a margin within the center—as outside in—both sustain the center’s power and work to decenter the practice of band teaching through the saying of an “impossible no” to the structure. Through this project, we hope to share experiences that might resonate with other women of color working in the music teaching machine as they build a community of peers.
Nontraditional Students in Traditional Music Education Programs: A Case Study
Authors: Forrester Sommer H. , Eros John
Published: December 2019

Today’s university students and, by extension, music education students do not always fit the set of characteristics typically displayed by undergraduate students, differing in at least one, if not several, key areas. Often described via the blanket term “nontraditional students” (NTS), this diverse group represents a growing component of the overall population of preservice teachers. The purpose of this study was to examine the experience of 5 NTS enrolled in music teacher preparation programs at two different public universities, one located on the West Coast and the other on the East Coast of the United States. Research questions included: (a) What factors motivate NTS to enter traditional preservice music teacher education programs? and (b) How do NTS describe their experiences within traditional undergraduate music education programs? The findings are consistent with past research indicating that the experiences of NTS are different from those of traditional-age undergraduate music education students and that NTS may bring additional assets, such as a depth of prior work/life experience, greater self-confidence, and an enhanced motivation to learn.
Work Turnover and Its Impact on the Quality of Productivity in the Industrial Sector
Authors: Jamal Aisha Abdullah Mahjob
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to identify the effect of high turnover on quality of productivity in the industrial sector, and to propose appropriate solutions to reduce the reasons for leaving work. The motivation to carry out this study, the spread of the turnover phenomenon leading to dysfunction is in the interest of the organization, and has a direct impact on the decline in the quality of productivity of the organization, so was applied to the industrial sector to know and measure this impact. The methodology used in this study is the descriptive and analytical approach and the case study methodology.The results of the study show that there is a relationship of statistical significance between the average level of performance of the employee and the level of total productivity in the organization. And that there is a middle relationship between job stability and employee performance level, and that there is a negative relationship between the turnover rate and quality of productivity in the industrial sector. The study recommends that employers try to retain existing workers and provide appropriate incentives for them to reduce the rate of turnover in institutions, because turnover is a cost to institutions that can be eliminated by retaining staff and institutions should improve financial and non-financial compensation in proportion to the circumstances And staff needs to ensure job stability and ensure quality of productivity.
Usage of Big Data Technology in Controlling
Authors: Rybicka Karolina
Published: December 2019

Business units meet many dynamic and unexpected changes occurring in their surrounding. They want to be competitive and that is why they must deal with uncertainty and risk. Digital revolution is present in all societies. Changes caused by usage of new technologies based on ICT technologies and Internet change the business. Nowadays enterprises must adjust to new determinants and to introduce digital technologies into their management processes, controlling systems. Companies now require fast and accurate information.Big Data technology brings to modern companies many technological opportunities. Big Data allows the creation of new business models, proper analysis of customer behavior, facilitates risk and financial management of the company, optimizes processes occurring inside the enterprise and increases the efficiency of IT systems operating in controlling of business unit.The aim of the paper is to present some theoretical issues connected with the use of Big Data technology in businesses, especially within systems of controlling (“Controlling” in the meaning used by German speaking scientists). Digital revolution with usage of social media in business activity or Big Data technology changed the controlling systems, because now controllers must deal with such huge datasets to improve their businesses. With usage of Big Data technology, despite some challenges occurred, modern enterprises can deal with success with such large volume of data (not only financial, but now also non-financial) in order to proper better forecasts and decisions. There are presented some issues connected with usage of Big Data technology in controlling systems of companies.
Evaluating the Standardized Letter of Recommendation Form in Applicants to Orthopaedic Surgery Residency
Authors: Kang Hyunwoo Paco , Robertson Djani M. , Levine William N. , Lieberman Jay R.
Published: December 2019

Introduction:

A standardized letter of recommendation (SLOR) form for orthopaedic surgery residency programs has recently been adopted for use, but it has not been scientifically evaluated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of the SLOR form in the selection process.

Methods:

All SLOR forms submitted to our institution over a single application cycle were extracted and analyzed. The United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scores, grades in clinical rotations, Alpha Omega Alpha status, and the number of publications were recorded for each applicant. Correlations were calculated with Spearman rho, and inter-rater reliability was evaluated by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients.

Results:

One thousand one hundred thirty-seven SLOR forms were analyzed for 513 applicants. There was substantial rank inflation with the SLOR form; the majority (92%) of applicants were rated as either ranked to match or in the top one-third of their rank list. Objective applicant factors such as grades and Step 1 scores demonstrated a very weak to nonexistent correlation with the summative rank (rho 0.07 to 0.13, P ≤ 0.012). Poor inter-rater reliability was observed with the intraclass correlation coefficient ranging from 0.22 to 0.33 (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The usefulness of the SLOR form is limited by the very high ratings observed for all questions, and in particular, the final summative rank. Measures to reduce rank inflation must be implemented to improve the discriminant ability of the SLOR form, and if this cannot be accomplished, perhaps the form should be abandoned.

Level of Evidence:

Level III Retrospective
Experiences of Mothers of Children Born with Celebral Palsy in Oshana Region: Namibia
Authors: Marian Sankombo , Magesa Emmanuel , Fillipine Nakakuwa
Published: December 2019

Cerebral Palsy is a neurological disorder caused by a non-progressive brain injury or malformation that occurs while the child's brain is under development. This type of birth defects, pose a public health concern to the society, immediate family members and individual parents. The parents’ expectations to have a normal child becomes a nightmare when the child they were expecting is born with cerebral palsy. Therefore, revealing the experiences of mothers of children born with Cerebral Palsy is important in the process of finding ways to support these mothers and their children. The study explores and describes the experience of mothers of children with cerebral palsy. A qualitative approach following phenomenological, explorative and descriptive design was used to explore and reveal the experiences of mothers of children with Cerebral Palsy. The population for this particular study consisted of mothers of children with cerebral palsy in Oshana region and a sample was drawn from this population using purposive sampling method. Data were collected through indepth interview with 12 (twelve) mothers. The transcribed interviews and narratives from the research notes were organised into codes, main themes and sub-themes. Mothers were shocked, worried and were in the state of disbelief when they learnt about the condition of their children. They felt guilty about the child’s disability and blamed themselves as the reason for the disability of their children. They were traumatized by a family member or spouse who failed to accept the child with cerebral palsy. In order to alleviate the psychological stress, trauma, pain and disappointments, it is of utmost importance to develop an educational support program in the form of a stress coping framework to support these mothers to cope with the high stress levels. centers where they can overcome their psychological problem. There is a need for a coordinating body or counselling centers where parents of children with cerebral palsy should be referred after the final diagnosis is made to give appropriate direction and couselling to these parents, thus reducing stress levels.  
Application of Principal Component Analysis and Response Surface Methodology in the Process of Steel Wire Tempering
Authors: Pimenta Cristie Diego , Silva Messias Borges , Campos Rose Lima de Morais , Gomes Fabrício Maciel
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this work was the creation of a statistical modeling capable of replacing the process used to set up of the ovens of the quenching and tempering who is traditionally accomplished through adjustments made based on the results of mechanical properties tested in laboratory and required in customer specifications. This study seeks to understand the influence of input variables (factors) on the tensile strength limit, in SAE 9254 draw steel wires, with diameters 2.00 mm and 6.50 mm, used in the manufacture of valve springs and clutch springs for automobiles. The process input variables were investigated: steel wire diameter, processing speed, temper temperature and liquid polymer concentration (which is the tempering medium). Methodologies were used where design of experiments, multiple regression and quadratic regression, principal components analysis (multivariate statistical) and response surface methodology. Results revealed which variables are significant in the process. Also models obtained were validated using appropriate statistical methods. If this study is used, it can provide the automation of this process. It’s important to point out that it could impact the increase in productivity and quality of product.
Aanpak betrokkenheid van ondernemingen bij ernstige mensenrechtenschendingen: meer dan sanctiewetgeving alleen
Authors: Huisman W.
Published: December 2019

Aanpak betrokkenheid van ondernemingen bij ernstige mensenrechtenschendingen: meer dan sanctiewetgeving alleen

In dit themanummer wordt bijzondere aandacht gegeven aan sanctiewetgeving. In dit redactioneel wordt ingegaan op de mogelijkheden om betrokkenheid van ondernemingen bij ernstige mensenrechtenschendingen aan te pakken, naast het gebruik van de Sanctiewet. Verkend wordt wat de aard en omvang van dit fenomeen is en welke juridische en niet-juridische middelen worden ingezet om de betrokkenheid van ondernemingen bij ernstige mensenrechtenschendingen te voorkomen en wat daarvan het effect kan zijn. Vervolgens zullen de beschikbare juridische middelen en quasi-juridische reacties en het gebruik daarvan worden geïnventariseerd. Ten slotte wordt gereflecteerd op de mogelijke effecten van het gebruik van deze instrumenten ter preventie van de betrokkenheid van ondernemingen bij ernstige mensenrechtenschendingen.
Eis tot naleving artikel 5 Brzo: de rechtspraak biedt ruimte voor verweer
Authors: Ahlers F.
Published: December 2019

Eis tot naleving artikel 5 Brzo: de rechtspraak biedt ruimte voor verweer – Noot bij ECLI:NL:RVS:2019:2441

In juli dit jaar boog de Afdeling zich over de vraag wanneer aan een Brzo-onderneming een eis tot naleving mag worden opgelegd. Die recente rechtspraak biedt Brzo-ondernemingen enige ruimte om grenzen te stellen aan de eisen die aan hen kunnen worden opgelegd door de toezichthouder. Niet dat vereist kan worden dat de onderneming alle denkbare maatregelen ten aanzien van alle mogelijke ongevallen treft. Er moet sprake zijn van een risico op een zwaar ongeval dat niet al afdoende door andere maatregelen is afgedekt. Een gedegen motivering van dit laatste element is hierbij cruciaal.
Key audit matters in audit reports of selected public interest entities
Authors: Iwanowicz Bartłomiej
Published: December 2019

The main purpose of the article is to categorize key audit matters (KAM) of a financial statement and to
determine the frequency of their occurrence. The research method is based on analyzing annual consolidated
financial statements (annual reports) and the reports of the independent auditor, which were published
in the last 12-month period available as at the day of examination (the periods mainly ended December
31, 2017, and March 31, 2018). Deductive and inductive reasoning, using analysis and synthesis
methods, were used to formulate the results. The research was performed for 156 companies listed on the
Warsaw Stock Exchange. The analysis covered all companies from the following ten sector indices
(WIG): construction, IT, real estate, food, utilities, oil & gas, mining, energy, automotive and chemicals.
Targeting the scope of the research to all entities listed within the ten sector indices (WIG), and conducting
the analysis based on the latest market data, demonstrates the originality and usefulness of the article.
Estimation of fair value at balance sheet valuation
of a joint-stock deposit listed on the stock exchange
Authors: Renkas Jurij
Published: December 2019

The idea behind the research presented in this article is to provide the recipient with reporting information
on the valuation of a joint-stock deposit most appropriate to their expectations. The aim of the publication
is to discuss theoretical aspects of the algorithmic method of valuation of equity investments at fair value
and to present how to use it using a numerical example. The proposed method uses the non-parametric
approach and selection of the normal kernel function. Three approaches to estimating the fair value of equity
investments were used: (a) calculation of fair value based on data from the end of the reporting year, (b)
calculation of fair value at the end of the year, but after the inclusion of data from the month of January,
(c) fair value calculation at the end period of attached listings (31 January). The quotations of shares of the joint-stock company KĘTY were used to calculate and illustrate the presented valuation concept. The research results indicated that the fair value of non-parametric regression calculated on the basis of the data until January 2 of the following year, inclusive, should be used as the fair value of the valuation. On the other hand, the value calculated at the end of the month of January of the following year is proposed to be included in the notes to the financial statements to allow the users of the report to gain an opinion about the trend. The presented method is an original approach to the estimation of fair value at the balance sheet valuation of investments containing shares listed on the stock exchange.
Zapomniane polskie podatki XX w.
Authors: Flis Maciej
Published: December 2019

W artykule zaprezentowano część historycznych rozwiązań podatkowych funkcjonujących w państwie polskim w latach 1918-1939. Autor koncentruje się na wyborze przez ustawodawcę czynności, stanów i zdarzeń rodzących obowiązek podatkowy. W artykule zwraca uwagę na odmienności pomiędzy historycznymi i obecnie obowiązującymi formami opodatkowania.
The effectiveness of genomic selection for milk production traits of Holstein dairy cattle
Authors: Lee Yun-Mi , Dang Chang-Gwon , Alam Mohammad Z. , Kim You-Sam , Cho Kwang-Hyeon , Park Kyung-Do , Kim Jong-Joo
Published: December 2019

Objective: This study was conducted to test the efficiency of genomic selection for milk production traits in a Korean Holstein cattle population.Methods: A total of 506,481 milk production records from 293,855 animals (2,090 heads with single nucleotide polymorphism information) were used to estimate breeding value by single step best linear unbiased prediction.Results: The heritability estimates for milk, fat, and protein yields in the first parity were 0.28, 0.26, and 0.23, respectively. As the parity increased, the heritability decreased for all milk production traits. The estimated generation intervals of sire for the production of bulls (LSB) and that for the production of cows (LSC) were 7.9 and 8.1 years, respectively, and the estimated generation intervals of dams for the production of bulls (LDB) and cows (LDC) were 4.9 and 4.2 years, respectively. In the overall data set, the reliability of genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) increased by 9% on average over that of estimated breeding value (EBV), and increased by 7% in cows with test records, about 4% in bulls with progeny records, and 13% in heifers without test records. The difference in the reliability between GEBV and EBV was especially significant for the data from young bulls, i.e. 17% on average for milk (39% vs 22%), fat (39% vs 22%), and protein (37% vs 22%) yields, respectively. When selected for the milk yield using GEBV, the genetic gain increased about 7.1% over the gain with the EBV in the cows with test records, and by 2.9% in bulls with progeny records, while the genetic gain increased by about 24.2% in heifers without test records and by 35% in young bulls without progeny records.Conclusion: More genetic gains can be expected through the use of GEBV than EBV, and genomic selection was more effective in the selection of young bulls and heifers without test records.
GiveMe Views: uma ferramenta de suporte a evolução de software baseada na análise de dados históricos
Authors: Tavares Jacimar , David José , Araújo Marco , Braga Regina , Campos Fernanda , Carneiro Glauco
Published: December 2019

Este artigo apresenta a ferramenta GiveMe Views, capaz de indicar possíveis módulos e componentes que poderão ser impactados quando uma manutenção corretiva, adaptativa ou evolutiva é realizada. Fornece visualizações que permitem ao usuário obter informações sobre as relações existentes entre módulos e componentes baseando-se em análises estatísticas realizadas por um motor SAE (Statistical Analysis Engine) sobre dados históricos de software. Uma prova de conceitos foi realizada com o intuito de verificar a viabilidade da ferramenta em atividades de evolução de software em um contexto real de utilização. Ao final, os resultados da implantação da ferramenta em uma empresa de desenvolvimento de software são apresentados.
Aplicações Android de Realidade Aumentada em Arquitetura Extensível, Flexível e Adaptável
Authors: Araújo Tiago , Carneiro Nikolas , Miranda Brunelli , Santos Carlos , Meiguins Bianchi
Published: December 2019

A proposta deste trabalho é apresentar uma arquitetura para aplicações Android de Realidade Aumentada Móvel (RAM) que seja extensível, flexível e adaptável. Extensível por permitir a incorporação de novas funcionalidades na aplicação; flexível por permitir a troca de conteúdo/dados gerando aplicações personalizadas; e adaptável aos diversos tamanhos de telas que os dispositivos móveis apresentam. Para isso, foi considerada uma arquitetura baseada no padrão MVC (Model, View, Controller) adaptado para contexto da plataforma móvel Android, nesta adaptação a lógica de negócio sai da camada de controle e vai para camada de visão, sendo assim, a camada de controle fica responsável apenas por gerenciar as requisições entre as camadas modelo e visão, garantindo uma modularização dessa aplicação. Também foi utilizado o padrão de interface de usuário Fragments, visando uma melhor adaptação aos diversos tamanhos de telas dos dispositivos móveis. Além disso, foi aplicado o padrão de projeto Proxy Remoto, para abstração da origem dos dados (local ou remota), e o padrão de projeto Facade para facilitar a realização de consultas e filtros nos dados. Por fim, são apresentados cenários de uso com três tipos diferentes de dados e dispositivos com tamanhos de telas diferentes para validação da arquitetura proposta.
Aplicação de Descoberta de Conhecimento em Bases de Dados na Estimativa da Evapotranspiração: um Experimento no Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Xavier Fernando , Tanaka Asterio , Revoredo Kate
Published: December 2019

Com o crescimento do volume de dados em diversas áreas, como a Hidrologia, aumenta a necessidade do uso de sistemas de informação para auxílio na manipulação desses dados. Este artigo é um relato de um experimento que usou técnicas de descoberta de conhecimento para a estimativa de um importante componente do ciclo hidrológico: a evapotranspiração. O experimento relatado neste artigo foi realizado com dados meteorológicos e mostrou que alguns algoritmos, como o M5P, apresentam bons resultados quando comparados com os dados históricos da evapotranspiração estimada.
Projeto e implementação de uma rede neural artificial para detecção do mal-posicionamento rotacional de dedos em dispositivos de captura de impressões digitais multivista sem toque
Authors: Zaghetto Cauê , Aguiar Luiz , Zaghetto Alexandre , Vidal Flávio
Published: December 2019

Este artigo apresenta um método baseado em Redes neurais artificiais que avalia o mal-posicionamento dos dedos, em função da rotação, em dispositivos de aquisição de impressões digitais multivista sem toque. O objetivo é determinar se o dedo está rotacionado ou não, uma vez que o bom posicionamento do dedo é mandatório para garantir altas taxas de correspondência de impressões digitais. Um conjunto de teste de 9000 imagens foi usado para treinar, validar e testar um classificador baseado em redes neurais artificiais multicamadas. Até o momento, não existe um método definitivo que abordou o problema de qualidade de impressões digitais em scanners que utilizem a tecnologia multivista sem toque e a detecção da rotação do dedo apresentada neste artigo é um dos passos que devem ser levados em conta se um futuro método automático para avaliação da qualidade de impressões digitais for considerado. Os resultados médios, mostram que: (a) o classificador identifica corretamente o mal-posicionamento em aproximadamente 94% dos casos; e (b) quando o mal-posicionamento é detectado, o ângulo de rotação é corretamente estimado em 90% dos casos.
Extração de Ontologias a partir de Histórias: um estudo exploratório em storytelling
Authors: Confort Valdemar , Revoredo Kate , Baião Fernanda , Santoro Flávia
Published: December 2019

Empresas e sistemas de TI estão enfrentando um aumento na complexidade do ambiente caracterizada pela colaboração, mudança e variedade de clientes, fornecedores e produtos. Aplicar a técnica de group storytelling pode contribuir para a Gestão do Conhecimento da organização. A contagem de histórias traz benefícios desde a captura até fixação da informação, passando pela comunicação e entendimento dos conceitos. Empresas americanas (3M e Apple), japonesas (Sony e Toshiba) e européias (ClubMed e Océ) já utilizam esta abordagem na prática. Por outro lado, a Engenharia de Ontologias pode contribuir na melhoria da qualidade da informação e oferecer uma solução para lidar com a gestão do conhecimento de forma sistemática. No entanto, a especificação e gestão de ontologias realizadas de forma manual podem ser caras, tediosas, enviesadas e propensas a erro. O aprendizado automático de ontologias é uma abordagem que extrai ontologias a partir de dados, tanto estruturados como não estruturados (textos). Este trabalho apresenta, em fase exploratória, uma proposta capaz de especificar automaticamente os elementos que compõem uma ontologia, a partir do conhecimento tácito dos envolvidos no domínio. Um estudo exploratório foi capaz de obter os conceitos de uma ontologia, de forma automática, a partir de histórias contadas numa ferramenta de group storytelling sobre os processos de negócio de uma das secretarias de uma Universidade de Ensino Superior Federal.
Tomada de Decisão na Administração Pública Apoiada pela Descoberta de Conhecimento: Um Estudo de Caso em Gestão de Projetos
Authors: Prado Cauê , Peres Sarajane , Fantinato Marcelo
Published: December 2019

Este artigo relata um estudo de caso realizado para analisar o potencial da descoberta de conhecimento como estratégia de apoio à tomada de decisão na administração pública. A descoberta de conhecimento ocorreu com a modelagem de um problema de classificação binária para predizer o sucesso ou insucesso quanto ao cumprimento do planejamento de custo e prazo de projetos, a partir da análise de dados descritivos dos mesmos. Os dados históricos foram obtidos da base de dados de um sistema de gestão de projetos construído com base nas práticas do guia PMBOK. Estratégias adotadas no estudo de caso bem como as dificuldades encontradas e os resultados obtidos são aqui apresentados.
Avaliação do Nível de Maturidade em Teste de Software em Micro e Pequenas Empresas do Estado de Goiás
Authors: Araújo Adailton , Rodrigues Cássio , Vincenzi Auri , Camilo Celso
Published: December 2019

O teste de software é um importante componente que leva a produção de software com qualidade. Este artigo apresenta os resultados da aplicação de um arcabouço para avaliação do nível de maturidade em Teste de Software no contexto de Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPEs) com base no modelo TMMi. O arcabouço é composto por um questionário de avaliação construído com base nas subpráticas do modelo TMMi, material de apoio com exemplos de artefatos requeridos para garantir o atendimento a cada questão do questionário e um suporte automatizado para apoiar a aplicação do questionário, visando a autoavaliação de MPEs. O arcabouço foi aplicado em dez empresas, diante dos resultados apresentados, pode-se concluir que a maturidade das empresas em teste de software é baixa e que as empresas avaliaram positivamente a adequação do arcabouço desenvolvido para o contexto de MPEs.
Uma Abordagem para Gestão de Avaliações de Ensino Baseada em um Jogo Interativo de Tabuleiro: o Ludo Educativo Atlantis
Authors: Bittar Thiago , Lobato Luanna , Amaral Leandro , Longo Elson
Published: December 2019

O uso de jogos digitais para apoio educativo podem motivar os alunos, mas esse uso deve ser bem explorado para o sucesso pedagógico, abordando os conceitos vistos em sala de aula. Assim, este trabalho apresenta considerações e resultados na criação e teste de Ludo Atlantis para a Educação, que é um sistema de jogos digitais educacionais, em que os alunos do ensino fundamental podem participar de um jogo de tabuleiro eletrônico. Desafios são apresentados sob a forma de perguntas e respostas definidas por um professor responsável. Para a validação inicial, o jogo foi utilizado em uma Escola Estadual de São Carlos-SP, em uma disciplina de ciências, sendo relatado neste trabalho as considerações e os resultados dessa experiência.
A Propensão De Usuários À Adoção De Tecnologias: Um Estudo Com Usuários E Não Usuários Do Programa "Nota Legal" No Distrito Federal
Authors: Farias Josivania , Lins Paula , Albuquerque Pedro
Published: December 2019

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a existência de diferenças significativas de propensão à adoção de tecnologias, considerando os usuários e não usuários do sistema nota legal existente em Brasília/DF. Para isto, optou-se pelo emprego do Technology Adoption Propensity Index (TAP-I). O estudo foi realizado a partir de uma abordagem quantitativa, através de survey com amostragem por conveniência, obtendo o retorno de 201 questionários válidos, e ao final, foi utilizado o método não paramétrico teste U de Mann-Whitney para a análise comparativa entre os grupos encontrados. Ao final do estudo pôde-se concluir que existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os usuários e os não usuários do programa "Nota Legal", quando se busca verificar a propensão das pessoas à adoção de tecnologias.