bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ผลการรักษาและปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการรักษาไม่สำเร็จของผู้ป่วยวัณโรคในอำเภอรัตภูมิ จังหวัดสงขลา
Authors: วังช่วย วิชชุตา , บุญรุ่ง ศิยาภรณ์ , สุระกำแหง วาสนา , สุทธิมาส วิฑูรย์
Published: February 2025

บทนำ: จากข้อมูลการรายงานผู้ป่วยวัณโรคของโรงพยาบาลรัตภูมิ ปีงบประมาณ 2559 - 2564 พบจำนวนผู้ป่วยที่ติดเชื้อวัณโรค ตั้งแต่ปีงบประมาณ 2559 - 2564 มีจำนวน 36, 23, 34, 46, 42 และ 27 ราย ตามลำดับ ซึ่งมากกว่าร้อยละ 50 เป็นผู้ป่วยที่เคยรักษาวัณโรคมาก่อนแล้วกลับมาเป็นซ้ำ โดยมีวัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อศึกษาอัตราผลการรักษา และปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์ต่อความไม่สำเร็จของการรักษา อำเภอรัตภูมิ จังหวัดสงขลา
วิธีการศึกษา: การศึกษาครั้งนี้เป็นการศึกษาแบบย้อนหลัง (Retrospective study) เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลจากเวชระเบียนผู้ป่วยวัณโรค ระยะเวลา 5 ปี ตั้งแต่ปี พ.ศ.2559-2564 กลุ่มตัวอย่าง จำนวน 208 คน และวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติเชิงพรรณนา ได้แก่ ร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ค่ามัธยฐาน ค่าส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน และสถิติเชิงอนุมาน ได้แก่ สถิติ Chi-square test หรือ Fisher exact test และLogistic regression
ผลการศึกษา: อัตราผลการรักษาที่ไม่ประสบผลสำเร็จ ร้อยละ 18.7 และปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์ต่อผลการรักษาไม่สำเร็จของผู้ป่วยวัณโรค อำเภอรัตภูมิ จังหวัดสงขลา อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.05 ได้แก่ โรคเอดส์ (HIV) ผู้ป่วยที่มีประวัติเคยรักษาวัณโรคมาก่อน การไม่มีผู้กำกับการกินยา ผลการ               X-ray ครั้งที่ 1 และครั้งที่ 2 ผลการตรวจเสมหะด้วยกล้องจุลทรรศน์เดือนที่ 2 5 และ 6 และการทดสอบความไวต่อยารักษาวัณโรค Streptomycin, Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol
สรุปผล: อัตราผลการรักษาไม่สำเร็จ ร้อยละ 18.7 และปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์ต่อผลการรักษาไม่สำเร็จของผู้ป่วยวัณโรค ได้แก่ โรคเอดส์ (HIV) ผู้ป่วยที่มีประวัติเคยรักษาวัณโรคมาก่อน การไม่มีผู้กำกับการกินยา       การ X-ray การตรวจเสมหะด้วยกล้องจุลทรรศน์ และการทดสอบความไวต่อยารักษาวัณโรค
PENDAMPINGAN IBU BALITA DALAM INOVASI PEMBUATAN DAN PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN PADA BALITA DENGAN BAHAN KEARIFAN LOKAL
Authors: Dwi Siska  , Rita Agustiningrum  , Esti Dwi  , Iffah Elfrida  , Siti Cholifah
Published: February 2025

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition probleim causeid by insufficieint nutritional intakei for a long timei duei to feieiding that is not in accordancei with nutritional neieids. Stunting can occur from thei timei thei feitus is still in thei womb and only appeiars whein thei child is two yeiars old (Ministry of Heialth of thei Reipublic of Indoneisia, 2016), this reisults in disruption of child growth If not handled properly, it risks disrupting the child's physical and cognitive development, so that it can have an impact on the child's life until adulthood, making nuggets and shredded kupang is a healthy menu designed as a home-cooked menu and toddler food which is a new attraction to prevent stunting in alternative KKN activities carried out in Balong gabus village, temple sub-district, Sidoarjo Regency. After the implementation of the toddler class with the method of providing pmt innovation education, how to make kupang nuggets and shredded kupang and providing a healthy menu, so that mothers can process kupang properly and healthily. With this program presented, it is hoped that it can have a good impact on preventing or improving the quality of nutritional status in stunting toddlers in Balonggabus Village, Candi District, Sidoarjo Regency.
Study of Sustainable Environmental Management in Plaju Ulu Subdistrict, Plaju District, Palembang City
Authors: Sulistyani Sulistyani , Bakhtiar Fahmi Fuadi
Published: February 2025

The production activities of the home-based tempeh industry generate liquid and solid waste, which disrupts community activities, particularly in the urban slum area of Plaju Ulu Subdistrict, Plaju District, Palembang City. The dense residential areas, combined with the accumulation of household waste, result in an uncomfortable living environment, health issues, and social conflicts. Various sectors have collaborated to address the problems of slum settlements in Plaju Ulu Subdistrict, including the Tempeh Artisans Group, the Melati Women's Farmers Group, the Plaju Ulu Subdistrict government, and PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit III Plaju through environmental management initiatives, particularly in RW 01 and RW 02. This study aims to map the issues, potential impact, and outcomes of environmental management innovations in Plaju Ulu Subdistrict. Several innovations have emerged, including the management and utilization of waste for value-added products, the use of unproductive area for medicinal plants (TOGA), the adoption of innovative tools, and energy conversion supporting eco-friendly business processes. Positive impacts have resulted from the implementation of these innovations, including a reduction in BOD pollution by 12.1209 tons/year, a reduction in COD pollution by 51.215 tons/year, a decrease in TSS pollution by 18.10 tons/year, and water savings for yard plant use through hydroponic methods amounting to 97.2 liters/year. The utilization of liquid tempeh waste through fermentation and the mixing of EM4, containing essential nutrients such as N 1.24%, P2O5 5.54%, KO 1.34% (NPK), and C-Organic 5.803%, is crucial for plant growth. This initiative has increased productive area of 0.012 hectares in RW 01 and RW 02, with a total of 1,500 plant units. Meanwhile, the hygienic drum innovation, which has been in place until 2024, has reduced emissions impacts by 30.804 kg CO2 eq for 20 tempeh production houses or home industries.
Evaluation of CSR Program Performance through Measuring Community Satisfaction at PT Pertamina Gas Negara, Tbk – Stasiun Kompresor Gas Pagardewa
Authors: Mohamad Adli  , M Nurtian Passabena  , Rifky Amri Amrullah  , Isa Elfianto  , Haerul Jamal  , Fanny Shinta Junita  , Rifdah Athifah Gunawan  , Allyssa Maulida Azzahra
Published: February 2025

The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program is a strategy used by companies to have a positive impact on the community and environment around their operational areas. PT Perusahaan Gas Negara (PT PGN) as an energy company has a vision to become a leading and trusted national gas company. To improve the economic welfare of the community, PT PGN implements a CSR program which includes a rubber farmer empowerment program. Evaluation of the level of community satisfaction with this CSR program was carried out through a survey using a questionnaire developed from PermenPANRB 14/2017. Data collection was carried out on September 11, 2023, in Pagar Dewa Village, Lubai Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra Province. The research results show that the level of community satisfaction with PT PGN Pagardewa's CSR program is relatively high, with a Community Satisfaction Index (IKM) value of 94.75 in the "Very Good" (A) category. These results show that PT PGN Pagardewa's CSR program has had a positive impact on the community and environment around its operational area.
Bagoes Sutami
Authors: Raden Sultani Indragunawan
Published: February 2025

The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program of PT PLN NP UP Brantas is mostly of a charitable nature. This charity-based CSR program originates from proposals submitted by stakeholders or communities around the 13 hydropower plants managed by UP Brantas. This situation has resulted in UP Brantas lacking a sustainable, measurable, and broadly impactful CSR program for the community. Bagoes (Brantas Goes to School) is one of PLTA Sutami's educational CSR program that has the potential to become a sustainable program. Literature studies and interviews were conducted at SMK Brantas Karangkates to prepare the program as one of the sustainable education programs. This aligns with the 2024 CSR priority programs established by PT PLN NP, namely Education, Environment, UMK development, and CSV (Creating Shared Value). Based on the analysis conducted, Bagoes has transformed into Si Bagoes, Sustainable Improvement Brantas Goes to School. Si Bagoes, as the pilot project of PLTA Sutami's CSR program, will be implemented through various programs, namely Si Bagoes Sharing, Si Bagoes Class, EBT Si Bagoes, Si Bagoes Clean Water, and Si Bagoes Certification. Si Bagoes programs will be carried out by referring to the CSR management architecture of PLN NP and the governance of CSR UP Brantas.
Community Empowerment Practices on the Coast of Pegantungan Village through the Pegantungan Sejahtera Program
Authors: Lingga Gayuh Kinara
Published: February 2025

Pegantungan Village, Badau District, Belitung Regency has very interesting marine product potential to be developed. Seeing this potential, PT PLN Nusantara Power Services PLTU Suge Belitung collaborates with the community in Pegantungan Village in the Pegantungan Sejahtera Program as an effort to empower the community by utilizing local resources. The presence of the Pegantungan Sejahtera program answers various problems in Pegantungan Village, starting from the plunging price of crabs, uncertain crab catches, to the abundance of crab shell waste in Pegantungan Village. This community empowerment effort is through the process of forming agreements, training, mentoring, and monitoring and evaluation. The Pegantungan Sejahtera Program has achieved various aspects of sustainability such as financial success, expanding partnership networks and increasing individual capacity. Institutionally, 3 groups have been formed from this program, namely the Mutiara Ru Group, the Pegantungan Sari Laut Group, and the Pegantungan Crab Cultivation Group. This article will discuss how to practice coastal community empowerment in Pegantungan Village.
Empowering Coastal Communities Through the "Sinari Tebet Jaya" (Sinergi Kolaborasi Terintegrasi Ternak Bebek Taret Jaya) Food Security Program in Air Anyir Village, Bangka
Authors: Sudarya Albaari Rahman Hakim
Published: February 2025

Abstract
"Sinari Tebet Jaya" program, initiated by PT PLN Nusantara Power Services Unit PLTU Bangka, aims to enhance community welfare in Air Anyir Village by providing alternative income sources through integrated poultry farming. The program addresses local economic challenges and environmental concerns by focusing on duck farming, organic waste utilization, and developing environmentally friendly businesses. This study employs a qualitative approach with active participation and direct observation methods, involving interviews and fieldwork conducted from June to July 2024. The results indicate that the program has significantly improved the economy of the Taret Jaya group by fostering awareness of organic waste management and enhancing local business capabilities. The integration of duck farming with agricultural practices and UMKM development has positively impacted social, economic, and environmental aspects. The program has also supported sustainable business practices, demonstrating its effectiveness in promoting environmental stewardship and economic resilience in Air Anyir Village.
Measuring the Impact of CSR Programs Using the Sustainability Compass:
Authors: Gratha Ayunisa Agsyanti  , Bilal Joko Suratno  , Bayu Dwi Handoko  , Felanza Herma Destia
Published: February 2025

The agricultural potential in Tuban Regency as a national food security hub is not exempt from issues that have caused its practices to diminish from generation to generation. PT PLN Nusantara Power, Tanjung Awar - Awar Generation Unit, located in Tuban Regency, contributes to the community through its CSR implementation. This paper presents the impact assessment of the SIPANDU DESI CSR Program (Integrated Agricultural Development System for Village Energy Synergy) by PT PLN Nusantara Power UP Tanjung Awar - Awar, using the concept of the Sustainability Compass. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach to explain in detail how the program is implemented. This paper explains the program's implementation, which is based on agricultural issues and the company's needs, thereby creating Shared Value (CSV). The impact of the SIPANDU DESI program in addressing community needs is analyzed using the Sustainability Compass, including: (1) Nature, (2) Economy, (3) Society, and (4) Wellbeing.
Sustainable Livelihood Approach for Industrial Communities in Bergas Kidul Village in Mitigating Climate Change and Reducing the Effect of Greenhouse Gases
Authors: Fitriyani Nurul Ardian , Sari Monika Anggun Jatmika , Sarasati Christina Dewi
Published: February 2025

Global warming is a global phenomenon triggered by human activities, especially those related to fossil materials and land use change activities. As a company that cares about preserving natural resources as well as social and environmental responsibility, PT Industri Jamu Dan Farmasi Sido Muncul. Tbk (Sido Muncul) created a community development program in Bergas Kidul Village in Bergas District, Semarang Regency. As a village located in an industrial area, it is very vulnerable to land use change and large unemployment due to uncertainty in livelihoods. This research uses a sustainable livelihood approach which describes vulnerabilities and potential according to the study results. Calculations of social, economic and environmental impacts are obtained from analysis of field data combined with secondary data. The calculation of greenhouse gas emissions from the cattle communal program uses the IPCC Tier 1 method, while for CO2 absorption by plants uses the plant's CO2 absorption capacity value. The environmental impact resulting from the program is one of the efforts to mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions released into the atmosphere through planting trees amounting to 21,600 kg CO2/year and processing livestock manure into fertilizer amounting to 1,018.64 kg CO2e/year.
Application of Maggot Used Organic Fertilizer (Kasgot) in Food Crops and Horticulture Cultivation
Authors: Purwanto  , Nurchasanah Siti , Naila Khusna Syarifah Risqa , Na'imatul Bayyinah Lafi , Hanifa Hana , Rahayuaningsih Ratnaningsih Hanim
Published: February 2025

This community service was aimed to socialize and apply maggot frass as organic fertilizer in the cultivation of food crops and horticulture in the "Tani Sejahtera" Farmer Group, Tambaksari Kidul Village, Kembaran District, Banyumas Regency. This community service activity was carried out at the 'Tani Sejahtera' Farmer Group, Tambaksari Kidul Village, Kembaran District, Banyumas Regency from June to August 2024. Lecture and discussion methods were used as interactive and two-way information transfer media, then self-help demonstration plots were carried out. The results of the activity showed that farmers were able to absorb material about the potential of maggot frass as a source of organik fertilizer. Farmers voluntarily carried out self-help demonstration plots with commodities developed including corn, cucumber, basil and rice. The maggot frass used has met the technical standards as organik fertilizer according to the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture No. 261 / KPTS / SR.310 / M / 4/2019.
Empowering the Young Generation with Financial Literacy
Authors: Abisono Firya Qurratu'ain , Sri Hastjarjo  , Novita Haryono  , Aulia Suminar Ayu  , Andrine Prima Afneta Arzil  , Diah Kusumawati  , Pawito  , Hamid Arifin
Published: February 2025

Many young people adhere to the principle of YOLO or You Only Live Once, so this is a reason to use personal finances for self-reward or to buy everything they like, especially when they start to have their income. In connection with this situation, Bank Indonesia as the Central Bank has a mission to help increase the financial market deepening to strengthen the effectiveness of Bank Indonesia policies and support national economic financing. Bank Indonesia also wants to create an Indonesian society with a better understanding of financial literacy amidst the increasing enthusiasm of the younger generation to start investing but does not yet have adequate financial investment literacy. From this perspective, our Group Research helps with communication strategy issues related to financial literacy for the younger generation so that the information provided can be disseminated to the right targets and in a way that is easily accepted. Targeting the young generation aged 21-35 years, we held a workshop with the title Financial Literacy: Young, Smart, and Safe in Transactions and Investing as a communication strategy for public literacy to correctly recognize and understand the forms of investment and banking products that suit their character.
Development of a Cultural Tourism Village in Sambilegi Kidul based on Community Empowerment
Authors: Faridl Widhagdha Miftah , Kevin Kurnia Gumilang
Published: February 2025

The Cultural Tourism Village is a community empowerment strategy carried out by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga DPPU Adi Sucipto through the CSR Program in developing the community in Sambilegi Kidul Padukuhan, Maguwoharjo Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region Province. This program started with the findings of social problems, followed up through social mapping studies and limited group discussions with the community. Social issues in Sambilegi Kidul Padukuhan include the lack of optimal land use, the limited level of community welfare, and the fading of cultural preservation, especially Javanese culture in the community in Sambilegi Kidul Padukuhan. PT Pertamina Patra Niaga DPPU Adi Sucipto implements the Dangau Minahorti CSR Program which focuses on increasing public awareness of the environment, developing horticultural agriculture, developing aquaculture to preserving the traditional sport "Jemparingan". As a result, this program has succeeded in forming the Arimbi Women Farmers Group (KWT) consisting of 44 people who manage the business activities of Sambilegi Kidul Tourism Village. Now, Sambilegi Kidul Tourism Village has become an alternative tourist destination, especially cultural tourism in Sleman Regency and has become a leading tourism destination for the surrounding community.
Empowerment of the Aisyiyah Women's Community in Jaten District for Achieving Family Resilience and Addressing Climate Change
Authors: Khoiriyah Siti , Hidayat Agung , Arif Akbarudin , Saptaningtyas Haryani
Published: February 2025

Climate change is a global challenge affecting various aspects of life, including family resilience. Women’s communities, particularly members of Aisyiyah in Jaten District, have significant potential to lead family resilience efforts in addressing climate change. The impacts of climate change, such as extreme temperature rises and unstable weather patterns, affect the agricultural sector, a primary source of livelihood. Women, who are often responsible for household food production, face additional burdens due to food and water shortages. Therefore, a community empowerment program is essential, focusing on education about climate change, adaptation, and mitigation, alongside training in environmentally-based economic activities. The activities include composting, liquid fertilizer production, and crafting handicrafts from economically valuable waste. The program aims to enhance community members' understanding of climate change impacts, improve mitigation skills, and promote community welfare through household waste management. The introduction of simple technologies such as composters, organic liquid fertilizers, and accessories from organic waste received positive responses from the community, providing education and motivation for direct waste management practices.
The Structure and Implementation Strategies of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Courses in Legal Education
Authors: Zhao Pu
Published: February 2025

Problem-based learning (PBL) has been widely acclaimed as an innovative pedagogical approach that nurtures students’ problem-solving abilities, self-directed learning skills, and collaborative competencies. This systematic review examines the structure and implementation strategies of PBL courses in legal education. Through a comprehensive literature review, case study analysis, and comparative research, this paper delineates the key structural components of PBL courses in law, encompassing learning objectives, problem design, learning resources, teaching activities, and assessment methods. Furthermore, it synthesizes effective implementation strategies, such as adjustments to teacher roles and training, student grouping and task delegation, problem-oriented instructional design, diversified teaching methodologies, and a synergy of formative and summative assessments. The review also elucidates the advantages and limitations of PBL in legal education, the challenges encountered during implementation, potential countermeasures, and future development trajectories. Recommendations are provided to further promote PBL in legal education, emphasizing policy support, pedagogical practice, theoretical research, and cultivating a conducive culture. This review contributes to the understanding and advancement of PBL in legal education, offering insights for educational practitioners, researchers, and policymakers to enhance the quality and efficacy of legal talent development.
Machine Learning Models for Accurate Prediction of Obesity: A Data-Driven Approach
Authors: Değirmenci Ali
Published: February 2025

The number of people affected by obesity is rising steadily. Diagnosing obesity is crucial due to its harmful impacts on human health and it has become one of the world’s most important global health concerns. Therefore, it is crucial to develop methods that can enable early prediction of obesity risk and aid in mitigating the increasing prevalence of obesity. In the literature, some methods rely solely on Body Mass Index (BMI) for the prediction and classification of obesity may result in inaccurate outcomes. Additionally, more accurate predictions can be performed by developing machine learning models that incorporate additional factors such as individuals’ lifestyle and dietary habits, alongside height and weight used in BMI calculations. In this study, the potential of three different machine learning methods (naive Bayes, decision tree, and Random Forest (RF)) in predicting obesity levels were investigated. The best performance among the compared methods was obtained with RF (accuracy=0.8892, macro average F1-score=0.8618, Macro Average Precision (MAP)=0.8350, Macro Average Recall (MAR)=0.9122,). In addition, feature selection was also performed to determine the features that are significant for the estimation of the obesity level. According to the experimental results with feature selection, the RF method resulted in the highest score (accuracy=0.9236, MAP=0.9232, MAR=0.9358, macro average F1-score=0.9269) with fewer features. The results demonstrate that the performance of machine learning models on the same dataset can be enhanced through detailed hyperparameter tuning. Furthermore, applying feature selection can improve performance by mitigating the adverse effects of irrelevant or redundant features that may degrade the model’s effectiveness.
Les missionnaires spiritains et le rachat des esclaves au Congo-Brazzaville. Kalouka et Zoungoula: deux esclaves devenues des religieuses» (1883-1909)
Authors: Ibombo, Armand Brice
Published: February 2025

En participant au colloque international sur « Mémoires et Survivances de la traite négrière transatlantique en Afrique, en Amérique, en Europe, dans les Antilles et Caraïbes et autres territoires des Océans atlantique et indien » (Colloque international : Ouidah-Benin octobre 2022), nous vous proposons cette communication liée au thème général du colloque à savoir : « Les missionnaires spiritains et le rachat des esclaves au Congo-Brazzaville. Kalouka et Zoungoula: deux esclaves devenues des religieuses». Le but de cette étude est celui de montrer l’existence d’une autre forme du phénomène de la traite pratiquée en Afrique et dans certains pays par les missionnaires. Au Congo, ceux-ci achetaient ou rachetaient les enfants esclaves pour les amener dans des villages chrétiens ou centres missionnaires afin de libérer les enfants autrefois esclaves aux mains des négriers ou des chefs de village. L’exemple palpable de cette pratique fut Kalouka et Zoungoula, deux filles esclaves puis rachetées jusqu’à se lancer dans la vie religieuse. Il s’agit d’une étude, voire d’une réflexion, sur la vie de ces jeunes filles d’abord esclaves, puis rachetées par les missionnaires. Elevées à la mission catholique, elles finissent par cultiver leur vocation et devenir religieuses. Parmi les enfants rachetés figurent deux filles à savoir Soeur Anne Marie Kalouka et Soeur Pierre Claver Zoungoula. Dans ce travail, nous voulons répondre à ces questions : Qui furent Kalouka et Zoungoula ? Quel a été leur parcours ? Qui les ont rachetées ? Quel a été le contexte socio-culturel et religieux de leur rachat ? Quel témoignage ont-elles laissé ?
La Part de l’histoire dans la poésie de Tchicaya U Tam’Si : une écriture de la mémoire
Authors: Moukouamou Mouendo Dieudonné
Published: February 2025

La présente étude porte sur les traces de l’histoire liées à la traite négrière, à l’esclavage et à la colonisation de l’Afrique noire dans la poésie de Tchicaya U Tam’Si. Elle consiste à analyser et à interpréter ces traces pour en saisir la signification. L’analyse et l’interprétation se feront en s’appuyant sur l’herméneutique et sur l’approche thématique. L’objectif est de montrer que la poésie de Tchicaya est, en bonne partie, liée à l’histoire. Elle est, de fait, un réceptacle de la mémoire collective. Deux axes constituent la charpente de cette étude. Le premier axe traite de l’histoire des peuples noirs et de la mémoire collective. Le second analyse les conséquences des drames du passé sur l’homme noir.
Reduction in Morphological and Physiological Traits in Advanced Lines of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Normal and Lag Phase Heat Stress Settings
Authors: Zulkiffal Muhammad , Kanwal Amna , Ghafoor Iqra , Khokhar M. Ilyas , Abdullah Muhammad , Ajmal Sadia , Tanveer Muhammad Hammad , Owais Muhammad , Ahmed Javed , Ahsan Aneela , Javed Ahsan
Published: February 2025

Wheat is the staple food of many countries around the globe and approximately over three billion people depend on wheat for their daily calorie requirements. In several wheat-producing countries, wheat productivity has declined due to several biotic and abiotic stresses, largely due to heat and drought. The present study was designed to assess different morphological and physiological parameters in advanced lines of bread wheat under heat stress at the lag phase. Under heat stress conditions, the reduction in lag phase (19.7%) and relative water content (35.5%) was high in the wheat cultivar Subhani-21. Least decline in tiller plant-1 (16.5 %) and plant height (10.1 %) were perceived in advanced line HYT: 100-74 though the decrease in flag leaf area was 7.9 % in V: 20337. The smaller reduction in normalized vegetation index (29.32%) and chlorophyll content (10.62%) was detected in HYT: 100-47, indicating their stay-green trait while low canopy temperature values in heat stress as in HYT: 100-47 (-13.91%) and HYT: 100-74 (-12.9%) indicating their cooler canopies. The lowest value for % yield under stress conditions was observed in HYT: 100-47 (9.35%), followed by HYT: 100-76 (10.86%), HYT: 100-74 (11.33 %), and V: 21448 (14.19%) demonstrating their tolerance to heat stress. Canopy temperature was negatively correlated with all traits in the two states studied. These lines satisfy the standards of novelty, high yield, and heat stress tolerance. Therefore, these advanced lines could be valued and registered to combat heat stress in the country and sustain national food security.
Biochar Application: A Sustainable Approach for Mitigating Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Plants
Authors: Arshad Usman
Published: February 2025

Biochar is a carbon-rich material derived from the pyrolysis of biomass has emerged as a sustainable soil amendment for improving plant health and productivity under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. This review examines the multifaceted role of biochar in mitigating plant stresses and emphasizing its potential as a holistic solution for sustainable agriculture. Biochar porous structure and surface chemistry enable enhanced soil properties including improved water retention, nutrient availability and microbial activity which collectively bolster plant resilience to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity. Simultaneously, biochar acts as a biocontrol agent against various plant pathogens and insect pests by altering plant physiological functions (defensive genes), rhizosphere chemistry, promoting beneficial microbial communities and releasing allelopathic chemicals that suppress plant pathogens, insect pests and weeds. Case studies reveal that biochar amendments not only reduce disease severity and pest infestation but also improve crop yield and quality under adverse conditions. Furthermore, biochar role as a carrier for nanoparticles and bio-pesticides presents a novel strategy for integrated pest and disease management. Despite its promising applications, challenges such as variability in biochar properties and their interactions with soil and crop systems require further research. This review consolidates the latest advancements in biochar research highlighting its mechanism of action, applications and limitations while proposing future directions to optimize biochar for stress management. The insights presented aim to support the development of sustainable agricultural practices that enhance food security and environmental resilience.
Host Resistance and Morpho-Physiological Responses of Wheat Genotypes to Stripe Rust Caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici at Seedling and Adult Stages
Authors: IQBAL AZHAR , Rehman Mujeeb Ur , Ahsan Muhammad , Bebagar  , Gul Samrin , Khan Feroz , Abdullah  , Iqbal Muhammad , Mehmood Talat
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important cereal crop and one of the main factors for food security in most countries, including Pakistan. Its production is seriously threatened by stripe rust, one of the most devastating diseases that causes significant yield losses. Therefore, this study evaluated the resistance of 21 wheat genotypes to stripe rust at seedling and adult stages by artificial inoculation. The results showed that LLR-9 and WC-19 were resistant to yellow rust at both stages, while Mexi-Pak, Sarsabz, and Sonora were highly susceptible to the disease, and severe infections occurred in the adult stage. Mexi-Pak was found to be susceptible to the disease at both stages, while Sarsabz and Sonora were only affected at maturity. Based on analysis of genetic variability and ANOVA, high genetic diversity was found for PHT, FLA, GY, TGW, and CC, out of which PHT, GY, and TGW were the crucial factors associated with resistance to the disease. Principal component analysis revealed that PHT, GY, and TGW were the most influential traits in distinguishing between resistant and susceptible genotypes. In contrast, CC and FLA also contributed to higher photosynthesis efficiency and supporting disease resistance. High PCV and GCV values were found for traits such as awn length, showing great potential for genetic improvement of these traits. NTP, SD, and AL had high heritability and showed good genetic control, whereas, in the case of NGS and CC, the heritability was low and thus involved a stronger environmental influence. This study demonstrates the need for wheat genotypes with disease resistance and high agronomic traits in breeding programs. It highlights LLR-9 and WC-19 as sources of resistance and provides helpful information about genetic factors responsible for resistance to the disease and productivity.
From Genes to Fields: Marker-Assisted Selection for Nematode Resistance in Crops
Authors: Dababat Abdelfattah A. , Paulitz Timothy , Laasli Salah-Eddine , Lahlali Rachid , Li Honglian , Mokrini Fouad , Dreisigacker Susanne
Published: February 2025

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are one of the serious threats to agricultural production worldwide, causing enormous economic losses and posing a threat to food security. This review outlines a few important groups of PPNs, their economic losses, and current control approaches. Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) has been recognized as a precise and efficient approach for developing nematode-resistant cultivars and an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional control practices. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) thereby provide a way of identifying novel resistance loci and deciphering the genetic basis of resistance traits. MAS guided by validated GWAS results have therefore immense prospects for enhancing resistance breeding, reducing over-dependence on nematicides, and fostering healthy agricultural systems. Future efforts should focus on integrating molecular with field-based approaches to maximize benefits in the control of nematodes.
BIOMASS DERIVED MATERIAL FOR SYNTHESIS OF CNTs
Authors: Dudheinamdar Priyanka , Dhamal Sonali , Thorat Jayant
Published: February 2025

This paper offers a comprehensive exploration of the structure, morphology, synthesis methods, purification techniques, characteristics, advantages, and diverse applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) derived from sustainable and renewable biomass sources, encompassing leaves, tubers, fruits, seeds, bark, etc. The high carbon content inherent in biomass plays a pivotal role as the principal component in CNT synthesis. The paper highlights cost-effective and easily accessible sustainable sources, such as straw, rubber wood sawdust, palm fiber, wheat husk, groundnut shell, coconut shell, date pits, bamboo dust, sugarcane, banana peel, and papaya oil cake, for CNT synthesis. They exhibit potential in combining or absorbing therapeutic and diagnostic materials for drug delivery and serving as biological sensor platforms for various illnesses with noninvasive blood level monitoring. The paper underscores the significant attributes of CNTs, such as high surface-to-volume ratios, enhanced conductivity and strength, biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, and optical qualities. Additionally, it summarizes recent developments and research activities in CNT synthesis, emphasizing biomass’s role as a renewable hydrocarbon resource for creating carbon materials, green chemicals, and bioenergy. The versatile adsorption properties of biomass position it as a valuable resource for the global pharmaceutical industry and various sectors
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PLANT-GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA FROM ORGANIC COMPOST AND BENEFICIAL EFFECT ON ORYZA SATIVA
Authors: Usamanwet Nichapat , Kamkrueng Nattarika , Intra Bungonsiri , Inthima Phithak , Euanorasetr Jirayut
Published: February 2025

Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere that enhance plant growth. This study aimed to isolate and characterize PGPR for biofertilizer development. Sixteen bacterial strains were isolated from organic compost at the On Nut organic composting plant in Bangkok, Thailand. These isolates were evaluated for plant-growth-promoting (PGP) properties, such as phosphate solubilization and the production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ammonia, and chitinase. Isolates 10, 12, 15, and 18 exhibited PGP properties, with the highest phosphate solubilization. In particular, isolate 12 demonstrated the production of IAA at 0.0478 μg/mL and of gibberellin (GA3) at 0.3193 μg/mL, solubility of phosphate at 11.0119 μg/mL, and the highest percent inhibition of radial growth (PIRG) against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides C1060. In pot experiments, rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. RD47) grown with isolate 12 for 10 days showed statistically significantly increased root dry weight (p ≤ 0.05) compared to the other treatments. 16S rRNA sequence analysis in EzBioCloud revealed that isolate 12 was closely related to Bacillus licheniformis. Therefore, this bacterium exhibits the potential for us as a biofertilizer for early-stage Oryza sativa L. cv. RD47.
META-ANALYSIS OF MICROBIAL DIVERSITY IN YOUNG CATS USING T-BIOINFO SERVER
Authors: KU Umeshkumar , Karwasra Dr. Rekha
Published: February 2025

The present computational study re-analyzes microbial diversity in young felines using NCBI data to explore site-specific and gender-related patterns. Microbial communities across four anatomical sites-the gut, oropharynx, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and blood-were examined using the T-BioInfo server. Gut microbiota showed high abundances of Bacteroidaceae and Lachnospiraceae, with gender-based variations, such as increased Bacteroidaceae in females. In the oropharynx, Pasteurellaceae predominated in males, while Moraxellaceae was higher in females. BALF analysis revealed Pseudomonadaceae as the most abundant family, with Sphingobacteriaceae more prevalent in females and Bradyrhizobiaceae in males. Blood samples contained Sphingobacteriaceae and Bradyrhizobiaceae, with notable gender differences: Sphingobacteriaceae was more abundant in females, and Bacteroidaceae was exclusive to female samples. These findings emphasize individual and gender-based microbiota diversity across body sites, highlighting the importance of such variations for future research and veterinary care.
ABUNDANCE OF POLLUTION-INDICATOR BACTERIA IN CIMANUK WATERS, INDRAMAYU
Authors: Afianti Nur Fitriah , Sutiknowati Lies Indah , Kristanti Risky Ayu
Published: February 2025

Cimanuk waters are one of Indonesia’s areas with abundant natural resource potential that have been threatened with contamination due to impulsive population growth and high human activities. Microbiological aspects are one of the parameters that can indicate environmental pollution. Therefore, pollution-indicator bacteria such as coliform and pathogenic bacteria have become one of the most important indicators of environmental conditions. This study conducted an analysis of pollution indicator bacteria at several sampling sites around the Cimanuk estuary to assess the environmental status. Surface seawater (±30 cm) was taken using a Zobell water sampler with a sterile 300 ml bottle. Samples were subjected to microbiological analysis, including total coliform contaminating bacteria, Escherichia coli, heterotrophic bacteria, halotolerant, and pathogenic bacteria. Results showed severe fecal contamination of stations compared to the WHO standards, and total coliforms varied between stations in the range of 1500-3000 CFU/100mL. The presence of pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli, Vibrio cholera, Aeromonas spp., Salmonela spp., and other bacteria indicative of fecal contamination were reported. Coliform bacteria and E. coli were found at the highest density in coastal waters near the mainland, indicating waste input due to anthropogenic activities. This study shows that Cimanuk waters are not good for biota and recreational studies.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC HISTORY OF DWARF HONEYBEE Apis florea FABRICIUS, 1787 POPULATIONS IN THAILAND
Authors: Sopaladawan Piyamas , Soipijit Sasithon
Published: February 2025

The dwarf honeybee, Apis florea Fabricius, 1787, is native to Southeast Asia, with its primary habitats in Thailand, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Laos. This species plays a crucial role in pollinating a wide variety of plants and economically important crops. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity and demographic history of A. florea in Thailand using partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene. The analysis was conducted using samples from 59 A. florea colonies across Thailand, combined with 13 COI sequences of A. florea from various countries obtained from GenBank. Overall, low nucleotide diversity (0.00321) coupled with high haplotype diversity (0.858) were observed within the Thai populations. The low genetic variation in A. florea suggests that this species occupies a wide range of environments and maintains temporally continuous gene flow, possibly due to its reproductive season. Median-joining network analysis revealed a star-like shape, indicating recent population expansion. This finding was further supported by a unimodal mismatch distribution and significantly negative results for Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs tests.  Demographic history analyses suggested that A. florea may have experienced a population expansion approximately 55,000-243,000 years ago.
Identity, Resilience and their Psychological Impact Among Older Adults with Cancer
Authors:   Duke University, DeSilva Bianca , Strauman Timothy , Ramos Katherine
Published: February 2025

Older adults (65+) make up 60% of cancer diagnoses and 70% of deaths related to cancer (Marosi & Köller,
2016). Although this age group experiences significant distress, behavioral studies investigating distress tend
to be overrepresented by younger populations, leaving a gap in the knowledge about the distress needs of
older adults (Chang et al., 2020). To bridge this gap, Dr. Katherine Ramos and Dr. Timothy Strauman of Duke
University’s Psychology Department conducted a pilot study that found two major themes related to distress
in older adults: identity and resilience. The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychological impact
of identity and resilience on the distress experienced by older adults with cancer. Using the two qualitative
themes, identity and resilience, the researchers of this study conducted a narrative synthesis of contemporary
literature surrounding identity, resilience, and their psychological impact on distress in older adults with cancer. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRIMSA) guidelines,
the study found nine eligible articles. The study conducted a thematic analysis of the articles in this synthesis
and found six themes: (1) reconstructing identity after diagnosis, (2) experiencing anxiety due to uncertainty of
cancer outcomes, (3) needing to “push along” through a cancer diagnosis, (4) having access to social support
increases resilience, (5) experiencing low resilience leads to demoralization, and (6) navigating cancer requires
redefining oneself to confront cancer challenges. Future directions and clinical implications include adapting
Self-System Therapy (SST) as a mental health intervention for older adults with cancer.
Associando as dimensões conceitual e contextual na aprendizagem de genética: de concepções instáveis à reconstrução de significados
Authors: Souza Guilherme Orsolon de
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo é oriundo de um processo investigativo na área da Educação em Ciências, tendo como propósito maior (re)pensar relações entre os conteúdos curriculares obrigatórios sobre Biologia e processos de ensino-aprendizagem mais significativos para os estudantes. Assim sendo, tivemos como objetivo analisar uma sequência interativa extraída de uma aula de Biologia que abordava a construção de conceitos sobre gene e sua localização em um cromossomo, a partir dos conteúdos curriculares sobre Genética, para evidenciar como os estudantes mobilizam seus conhecimentos prévios e os articulam aos novos conhecimentos apresentados. Para tanto, aplicamos uma atividade teórico-prática que simulava a construção e a identificação por perfil genético de quatro pessoas suspeitas. Essa aula foi audiogravada e tomou-se como referência categorias como o tema, o conteúdo do discurso do docente, as interações e a abordagem de comunicação para estruturar uma matriz analítica. Desse modo, evidenciamos que os estudantes em contextos interativos mobilizam seus conhecimentos prévios, compartilham e reconstroem conceitos associados a contextos biológicos e genéticos. Reiteramos que o ensino de Biologia deve contemplar diferentes atividades teórico-práticas para que se desenvolva de forma integrada o pensamento, a linguagem e a experiência e, consequentemente, uma compreensão mais complexa e abrangente dos conhecimentos científicos, biológicos e genéticos.
POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION – INFORMATION ARTICLE – FREMS – an Effective Method of Fighting Pain
Authors: Rosłoniec Izabela Magda , Demska Beata
Published: February 2025

FREMS is an innovative method of physiotherapy, functional rehabilitation and treatment and reduction of pain in diseases and complications related to peripheral, vascular, motor and nervous systems. FREMS is compatible with other therapeutic protocols and allows for excellent results, especially appreciated by those patients who are resistant to other treatments. FREMS (Frequency Rhythmic Electrical Modulation System) consists of a series of sequences of electrical pulses, characterized by a minimum charge size, the frequency and duration of which can be changed according to a predetermined treatment program. Biocompatible electrical signals are generated by computerised neurostimulators and the delivery by means of percutaneous electrodes directly to biological tissue.FREMS technology has been studied in diabetic patients with pain neuropathy in clinical hospitals. Patients aged 18 to 75 years with diabetes lasting at least one year with symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy in the lower extremities were enrolled in the study. After a series of treatments performed in patients of each age category, surprising results were observed. The use of FREMS resulted in a significant reduction in pain both day and night to a minimum of 40% for several months.
Investigation of Quantum Entanglement Information for β⁺γ Coincidences
Authors: Romanchek Gregory R. , Shoop Greyson , Kupinski Matthew A. , Kuo Phillip H. , King Michael , Furenlid Lars R. , Abbaszadeh Shiva
Published: February 2025

Objective: We assess the viability of using quantum entanglement (QE) information for improving event classification in a combined PET-Compton Camera (PET-CC) system, particularly in the potential for distinguishing true positron annihilation events from Random events due to prompt gamma contamination for β+ and γ emitting isotopes.
Methods: Monte Carlo GATE simulations were performed to evaluate the sensitivity and accuracy of event classification in various scenarios using ground truth data, including standard PET events and Compton Camera interactions. QE-sensitive data subsets were identified and filtered based on either polar scattering angles (θ) or the energy of the initial Compton scatter (EC). The enhancement ratio – ratio of the difference of azimuthal scattering at Δφ = 90 and 0 – and fraction of post-filter Trues were used as metrics.
Results: The simulations showed that QE information could assist in resolving energy ambiguities, particularly in cases where prompt gamma emissions complicate event pairing. Filtering based on EC provided a higher enhancement ratio (R ≈ 1.8) compared to θ-based filtering (R ≈ 1.4), indicating better discrimination between True and Random events. The ratio of Trues to Total events passing the EC filter (0.837) greatly improved upon that of the θ-based filter (0.541).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that energy-based filtering is more effective in leveraging QE information, but further refinement of filtering algorithms is needed to fully realize its benefits. While QE has the potential to improve event classification in PET-CC systems for a few coincidence cases, further studies are needed to utilize this paradigm in image formation.