bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Resolution of Interpretations. Thomism, Semiotics, and Phenomenology in Dialogue
Authors: Kemple Brian
Published: October 2023

More than ever do people seem entrenched in their intellectual positions despite a dearth of concerted and honest reflection upon them. This obstinacy presents a moral and rhetorical challenge—attempting persuasion through naked rational argumentation alone will prove fruitless. But we should not discount the role of the intellect in the fixation of even the least-reflectively formed beliefs. From the perspective of cognition, this fixation is proximately the result of interpretation. In the language of Thomism, this interpretive adherence to falsity consists in a perverse process of discursive reasoning. To exposit the constitution of adherence to false interpretation, here we will draw on the traditions of Thomism, phenomenology, and semiotics. With the insights of these traditions, we will proceed: first, examining the process of interpretation itself; second, considering two different modes of interpretation; and third, situating interpretation in the context of the twofold movement of resolution. Through analyzing interpretation and resolution, we will demonstrate that obstinate intellectual insistence consists in two intellectual errors: adoption of the vague as sufficient for understanding; and reflexive confusions. In both cases, the error persists through the failure to pursue the twofold movement of resolution.
Thomas d’Aquin dans les Ténèbres de l’Antisémitisme.Considérations sur le faux témoignage dans la théorie de la justice
Authors: Catalão Helena B.
Published: October 2023

The primary objective of this study is to revisit Thomas Aquinas’ notion of justice in light of the author’s own considerations regarding false testimony, specifically in its relation to sin. The intention is to emphasize, within the philosopher, theologian, and advisor’s thinking, the non-sacrificial dimension of justice, which aligns with a testimonial view of cultural evolution and, consequently, philosophical and theological thought. These topics will be addressed through an examination of the discussion surrounding antisemitism in S. Thomas Aquinas, a discussion conducted and explored by Hippolyte Gayraud in his book titled L’Antisémitisme de Saint Thomas D’Aquin (The Antisemitism of Saint Thomas Aquinas).
Mercy’s Impediments: Thomas Aquinas and Critical Race Theory in Dialogue
Authors: Cartagena Nathan Luis
Published: October 2023

This paper raises an uncommon question: What can studying Thomas Aquinas and Critical Race Theory teach us about failures to promote mercy across the color-line? I answer this question in five stages. After locating Thomas’s teachings on mercy and its impediments within his masterwork, the Summa theologiae, I excavate Thomas’s account of mercy’s impediments. Next, I address the question “What is CRT?” Then I examine a foundational CRT text’s analysis of mercy’s impediments. Lastly, I offer a proposal for further Thomas-CRT collaborations.
El universo en mí. La dimensión cosmológica de la existencia desde el pensamiento de Eugen Fink
Authors: Maturano Ángel E. Garrido
Published: October 2023

The article reconstructs the cosmic dimension of existence in Fink’s thought. It first analyses man’s openness to the world and then the basic phenomena of existence (eros, work, mastery, death, play). Following he explains human existence as the realisation of a responsive freedom, according to we do not exist from ourselves, but from a way of assuming the aforementioned fundamental phenomena on the basis of which we are born, reside and die in the world. In this sense, the explicitation concludes that these phenomena constitute the cosmic insertion of our existence, since the development of existence from them reflects and symbolises the way in which the cosmos itself emerges and reigns in us. Finally, the article proposes a hermeneutic extension of Fink’s thought, determines the fundamental moods (Stimmungen) and attitudes proper to existence that fully assumes its cosmic character. In this sense, he concludes that a cosmic existence is characterised, first, by a responsible attitude towards the harmonious existence of all beings with whom it shares the world and with whom it realises the order that the world is. Secondly, by a serene attitude towards one’s own mortality, which is assumed as a necessary moment of the world’s becoming. Finally, as an grateful existence to the universe that has allowed it to be and has offered it the possibilities that it is.
Experience in the Department of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine at a University Hospital in Daegu During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sunggyun Park  , Do-Hoon Kim  , Won-Mok Lee  , Jung-Sook Ha  , Dong-Seok Jeon  , Jae-Hee Lee  , Namhee Ryoo
Published: October 2023

The first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korea was reported in January 2020. As the secondary transmissions accelerated within the country, the government revised the outbreak alert for COVID-19 from attention to caution. Mid-February, when a massive outbreak was reported from a church in Daegu, our institution initiated testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). More than 300 laboratory tests were performed within the first 2 months before the number of cases began to decline. Here, we describe our experience of 4 months at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, located in Daegu,where a massive COVID-19 outbreak occurred.
Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Air Quality Variation in Southern Vietnam Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches
Authors:   College of Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Vietnam, Giao Nguyen Thanh , Mi Le Thi Diem
Published: October 2023

The study aims to assess the air quality and identify polluting sources in the southern Vietnam using eight air variables of temperature, humidity, wind speed, pressure, noise, total suspended particulates (TSP), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at 30 stations in eight monitoring periods (April–December) in 2020. Correlation and principal components and cluster analyses were applied in the study. Air quality in traffic and urban areas were identified with the highest pollutant concentrations. Concentrations of air pollutants were dependent on sources of impact but not the seasons. Noise was positively correlated with vehicle density and exceeded the permissible limit of QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT. TSP was found high in urban areas. Air contaminants were positively mutual correlation, while it was negatively correlated with meteorological factors. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) could explain respectively 81.2% and 83.4% of the total variance of spatial and temporal variation of air quality. The main sources of air pollutant could be from transportation, residential areas, industrial production and solid waste treatment plants. Cluster Analysis (CA) has formed five clusters of monitoring stations with similar air quality from 30 original stations. At the same time, the initial 8 observation periods were also grouped into four clusters. Thereby, the monitoring program in this study area could be reduced to four times/year with 25 monitoring locations.
A Study on Educational Technology Acceptance of Special Education Teachers in Language Teaching Based on TAM Model
Authors:   School of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University Tianhua College, Shanghai, 201815, China, Xia Xue , Chen Boyu , Feng Min , Jing Yunqi
Published: October 2023

The application of educational technology in special education is mainly to provide more convenient learning conditions for special students, so that special students can receive more learning opportunities and convenience. At this point, special education teachers’ acceptance of technology has become a crucial factor in improving the learning efficiency and effect of special students. Based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study conducted a questionnaire survey of 112 special education teachers at different stages to investigate the level of special education educators’ acceptance and continuous use trend of educational information technology by descriptive statistics. Besides, t-test and ANOVA will be adapted to discuss the impact of various factors on the technology acceptance model. The results manifest that special education teachers’ educational technology acceptance was above average, but perception of the using easiness needs improvement. In addition, the educational technology acceptance levels of special education teachers are different in gender and teaching stages. Based on this, the article puts forward suggestions on the future of application of technology in special education from the three stages (identification & evaluation, training support and technical assistance) and two elements (family engagement and differentiated instruction).
Utilização das TICs e a Emergencialidade da Implantação do Ensino Remoto durante a Pandemia da Covid-19 em Lauro de Freitas, Bahia
Authors: Santos Junior Sérgio Rômulo Alves dos , Meireles José Roberto Cardoso
Published: October 2023

Este artigo analisa, em uma abordagem qualitativa, o uso das TIC (Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação) e a emergencialidade da implantação do ensino remoto na Escola Municipal Itamar de Oliveira Rodrigues (EMIOR), em Lauro de Freitas/BA, tendo em vista a pandemia do novo coronavírus. A coleta de informações foi realizada utilizando-se um questionário disponibilizado via Google Forms e WhatsApp, ao qual 241 alunos do 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental II responderam. Este instrumento foi constituído por trinta questões objetivas versando sobre quatro categorias: (1) acesso à internet, (2) o ensino remoto, (3) aula de ciências e plataformas virtuais e (4) sugestões e críticas. A pandemia de COVID-19 apresentou um contexto emergencial para o uso das TICs nas escolas exigindo mais da internet devido a necessidade do Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE). Observou-se neste estudo que o principal problema melhor efetivação do ERE foi qualidade da internet disponível para os alunos e a falta de dispositivos adequados para acompanhamento das aulas. É possível que este seja um dos fatores que contribuiu os alunos não relatarem maior motivação e confiabilidade no ERE desenvolvido. Aproximadamente metade dos alunos entrevistados não avaliaram positivamente as aulas de ciências com uso das plataformas virtuais. Possivelmente isto decorre da forma abrupta e sem preparo adequado no manejo das TICs que o ERE exigiu tanto de alunos quanto de professores.
 
Palavras-chave: TICs. Ensino remoto. Pandemia de COVID-19.
Evasão na Universidade Aberta do Brasil: o Caso da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Authors: Martinelli Juliana , Bender Filho Reisoli , Vieira Kelmara Mendes
Published: October 2023

O estudo analisou quais os determinantes da evasão dos cursos ofertados pela Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB) na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Metodologicamente, o estudo seguiu três linhas: (i) análise descritiva; (ii) análise fatorial e (ii) testes de hipóteses. Em termos de resultados, a partir dos 520 respondentes, foram obtidos cinco fatores para a evasão dos discentes da UAB/UFSM, sendo eles: a) aspectos acadêmicos; b) condições domésticas e habilidades; c) situações concorrentes e adversidade; d) desempenho individual; e, e) complexidade do curso e de suas atividades, sendo que o fator situações concorrentes e adversidades foi o mais influente à evasão, ao passo que, o fator condições domésticas e habilidades foi o menos contributivo. Assim, evidencia-se que há uma dificuldade no gerenciamento do tempo ou a ideia errônea sobre a dedicação que um curso EaD despende. 
 
Palavras-chave: Educação a distância. Evasão. Universidade Aberta do Brasil.
Explorando a Aprendizagem Lúdica: Desenvolvimento de Jogo Interativo Utilizando Calculadora de Blocos
Authors: Santos Ciro , Calatrone Leonam , Alves Antônio , Santos Andreia T. O.
Published: October 2023

Os jogos possuem um grande potencial educativo e atraem as pessoas devido à interatividade que proporcionam. Utilizar elementos lúdicos na educação pode ser promissor, especialmente considerando que a nova geração cresce imersa no mundo digital, adquirindo habilidades naturalmente ao interagir com dispositivos tecnológicos. A tecnologia pode ser uma aliada importante para aproximar o ensino do lúdico, permitindo que o tempo gasto em dispositivos eletrônicos gere resultados positivos na educação. Nesse sentido, foi desenvolvido um jogo educacional para a plataforma Android, utilizando a linguagem de programação LUA, o emulador Corona SDK e o editor de texto Sublime Text. O objetivo do aplicativo é auxiliar o ensino de Matemática através da calculadora de bloco, estimulando aspectos cognitivos e sociais, tornando o estudo um momento prazeroso por meio de desafios que incentivam a descoberta e criando um ambiente de estudo agradável e propício ao aprendizado.
 
Palavras-chave: Jogo educacional. jogos aplicados no ensino da Matemática. Android.  Lua. Corona SDK.o.
Sistemas de Recomendação de Artigos Científicos: Integrando o Moodle com uma Base de Dados de Acesso Aberto
Authors: Juliani Jordan Paulesky , Donha Ricardo Di Giacomo
Published: October 2023

Entre as principais razões para o desligamento ou abandono do aluno da instituição de ensino a distância estão: conteúdo não atendeu às expectativas (31,2%); e o material didático inadequado (22,1%). Como alternativa para mitigar as razões para a evasão dos cursos a distância relacionadas ao não atendimento das expectativas com relação ao conteúdo e material didático, temos os sistemas de recomendação. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo desenvolver um sistema de recomendação de artigos científicos de periódicos de acesso aberto por meio da integração de uma base de dados de periódicos com o ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA) Moodle. Trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada, de abordagem qualitativa, sendo classificada como exploratória, e a partir dos procedimentos técnicos adotados, enquadrada como estudo de caso e pesquisa bibliográfica. Como resultado deste esforço de pesquisa, foi projetado e implementado um sistema de recomendação de artigos científicos por meio de um plugin na plataforma Moodle. Pode-se perceber, a partir da experimentação do plugin pelos desenvolvedores, o potencial de oferecer recomendações de artigos científicos como opções de leitura complementar ao material didático disponibilizado pelo docente no Moodle. Destaca-se, entretanto, que o plugin ainda não foi validado por docentes e discentes. 
 
Palavras-chave: Sistemas de recomendação. Artigos científicos. Periódicos de acesso aberto. Ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. Moodle.
Difficulte De Prononciation De Certains Mots Français Par Les Etudiants De L’isp/Pelende
Authors: LULENGE WUTA Par Jean-Norbert
Published: October 2023

12 mots de la langue française ont été retenus et classes en trois tableaux différents suivant leur rapprochement formel et leur environnement immédiat et soumis à la prononciation de 200 étudiants de l'Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Pelende afin de nous rendre compte si à ce niveau des études, les étudiants éprouvent encore des Difficultés dans la prononciation de mots français.
Malgré tout ce temps d'apprentissage, l'enquête menée et les résultats obtenus nous renseignent que ces étudiants, même à ce niveau, continuent à éprouver d'énormes difficultés dans la réalisation de certains mots français à l'instar de 12 mots que nous avons choisi. Ces défauts de prononciation sont dus à l'identité graphique, à l'assimilation, aux phonèmes naseaux, au zézaiement et à la prononciation remarquable de certains phonèmes vocaliques et consonantiques.
Fortification of Moringa Leaves to Fulfill the Nutritional Needs of Stunting Toddler
Authors: Virgia Vera , Widiyawati Rina
Published: October 2023

Nutritional problems are a classic health problem that recurs every year, especially in developed countries and including Indonesia. One of the nutritional problems faced by Indonesia is that there are still stunting cases experienced by toddlers. The problem of stunting is a hotly discussed issue considering that the impact of stunting incidents that are not immediately addressed can have an impact on reducing the quality of life of Indonesian people. The culture of parents to prepare food according to what they consume for stunted toddlers and not to worry about the toddler's short height are two problems that cause stunting in Indonesia. One effort that can be made to overcome the problem of stunting is to ensure that stunted toddlers have a good appetite. When a stunted toddler's appetite increases, the problem of stunting will soon be resolved properly. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of giving churros made using Moringa leaf flour to increase the height of stunted toddlers. The research design used was pre-experimental. The samples in this study were taken from three working areas of the public health unit in Sooko District, Gondang District and Jatirejo District. The variable studied was the toddler's height. Data analysis tests were carried out using the Mann-Whitney test. From the results of the Mann-Whitney test, a significance value of 0.022 < 0.05 was obtained, so it can be concluded that giving churros made using Moringa leaf flour is effective in increasing height in stunted toddlers
Career Decisions After Beauty Education Impact on Occupational Use and Job Satisfaction: Focusing on Franchise Academy Education
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, An Ji-Eun , Park Eun Jun
Published: October 2023

Recently, beauty companies in the Republic of Korea have attempted to expose their brand to consumers in competitive market where diverse brands already exist and differentiate it from other brands. In this sense, franchise chains have made a lot of efforts for continued growth by transferring their business knowhow and brand image. In fact, one of such efforts is on-the-job training (OJT). This study attempted to investigate the influence of career decision on transfer of training and job satisfaction after training at beauty-related franchise chain academies with a goal of increasing their sales by raising pay and satisfaction with skills. For this, a self-administered offline questionnaire survey was performed against those who had training at franchise chain academies in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Among a total of 305 questionnaires distributed, 300 copies were used for final analysis. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 22.0, and the results found the followings: This study examined the influence of career decision on transfer of training and job satisfaction after training at beauty-related franchise chain academies. The above results confirm that such training can be helpful in increasing sales at work. It is anticipated that they would be available as basic data and helpful in the growth of hairstyling training and education.
The Influence of Consumption Tendency on Information Search and Advertisement Acceptance Attitude for Cosmeceuticals in Generation X-Teen
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Lim Hyun-Jeong , Lee In-Hee
Published: October 2023

This study attempted to investigate the influence of consumption tendency on information search and advertisement acceptance attitude for cosmeceuticals against Generation X-teen. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against domestic consumers with a teen-age child from December 25, 2022 to January 05, 2023 among on women aged 44-58 (born in 1965-1979), who experienced a cosmeceutical before. Among a total of 249 questionnaires distributed, 238 copies excluding 11 poorly answered ones were used for final analysis, and the results found the followings: First, Generation X-teen pursued planned purchase and value orientation which had a positive influence on information search. Second, Generation X-teen searched information through such planned purchase and value orientation. Third, in advertisement acceptance attitude, consciousness of others as well as value orientation was emphasized. This study empirically analyzed the effects of consumption tendency on information search and advertisement acceptance attitude for cosmeceuticals against Generation X-teen. It is anticipated that the study results would be available as basic data for the effective planning of cosmeceutical sales and development of advertising strategies.
The Direction of Studies on Hair Coloring Denanded in Practice
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Jung Hye-Min , Kim So-Hyeon
Published: October 2023

These days, hair freedom for young students has been implemented, and people have expressed their personality to meet aesthetic needs and accomplish psychological freedom. According to such consumer needs, beauty sectors have been continuously growing. In practice, there have been attempts to focus on a specialized field. In particular, hair coloring has recently emerged. Under these circumstances, this study attempted to examine a direction for studies on hair coloring which has been demanded in practice. To check current research trends, research papers published for the past 5 years were collected and analyzed by searching the keywords (‘hair color’, ‘dyeing’, ‘color design’) on RISS, and the results found the followings: From a technical perspective, there were only few studies. In addition, questionnaire surveys and experiments were mostly found. To analyze the types of current hair color design, hair color design titles from previous studies and opinions from 5 specialists were collected. After analyzing such opinions on titles by design, processes, design effects and demand, a study direction was suggested. In a beauty sector, design is completed based on academic grounds according to accurate technical grounds and situations, not to sensors of moment. It is anticipated that there would be an attempt to narrow a gap with reality and set a direction for the development of theory and practical skills to broaden a scope of study in the beauty sector.
The influence of emotional regulation, empathy and job satisfaction on turnover intention against aestheticians
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Lim Mi-Ji , Park Eun-Jun
Published: October 2023

As people’s interest in beauty increases, they have spent more time and money in making themselves look more attractive. At the same time, beauty service industry has continuously grown. In particular, aesthetic industry has been on the rise. Due to fierce competition in the beauty service market, customers have sought a higher quality of services. Especially, there has been a demand for diverse qualifications from estheticians such as emotional regulation skills and empathetic attitude as well as professionalism. Under these circumstances, this study attempted to investigate the influence of emotional regulation, empathy and job satisfaction on turnover intention against aestheticians. For this, a self-administered offline questionnaire survey was performed. A total of 380 copies were used for final analysis, and the collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 22.0. Specifically, frequency analysis was performed to examine subjects’ general characteristics while factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted on emotional regulation, empathy, job satisfaction and turnover intention.
In addition, regression analysis was performed to investigate the effects of emotional regulation, empathy and job satisfaction on empathy. The above results confirm that emotional regulation, empathy and job satisfaction had a statistically significant influence on turnover intention. In conclusion, this study unveiled correlations among emotional regulation, empathy, job satisfaction and turnover intention. It is anticipated that the study results would reduce such turnover intention and make a contribution to efficient business management and growth of aesthetic industry.
Revisiting public transport service delivery
Authors: Alhassan I.B. , Matthews B. , Toner J.P. , Susilo Y.O.
Published: October 2023

Making Public Transport services more attractive and effective requires attractive and effective ticketing. This requires a clear understanding of user attitudes, needs and expectations. This study explored commuters’ attitudes to fare collection and verification and the underlying factors, their acceptance of the policy of “No-ticket-purchase on-board” and their preferences for fare verification options. Commuters rated their agreement with 17 ticketing related statements in a cross-sectional questionnaire survey conducted along the corridor with the largest proportion of cross-county commuting in Sweden, Stockholm – Uppsala. Four sets of hypotheses were then tested. The average scores were normally distributed and hence analysed using a two-way ANOVA. A One-way chi-square test was conducted to determine the commuters’ preference for fare verification approach. A t-test was used to analyse the perceived quality of ticketing and the commuters’ reaction to the policy of “No-ticket-purchase on-board PT vehicle”. Whilst the results showed that the commuters were relatively uniform in their attitudes, income, commuting route, ticket type and ticket purchase channel affected their attitudes. They were neutral to the policy of “No-ticket-purchase on-board”. Their attitude to fare collection was more positive than that of fare verification and they showed a preference for automatic fare verification. The study highlights a number of policy implications and recommends further research on the feasibility of passive fare verification and on commuters’ preferred options for fare verification.
Post-Disaster Reconstruction of Road Infrastructure
Authors: Gajanayake Akvan , Khan Tehmina , Zhang Guomin
Published: October 2023

The rehabilitation and reconstruction of damaged road infrastructure plays a vital role in the recovery of disaster affected regions. The methods and processes adopted by road-asset owners during the reconstruction phase influence the longer term effects in disaster hit communities. While the decision making processes are intended to reduce impacts, mistakes at the decision making stage can lead to an increase in social and economic impacts in the longer term. It is thus imperative to understand how decision making takes place with regard to post-disaster reconstruction of road infrastructure. The objective of this paper is to understand how road asset owners assess and prioritise post-disaster reconstruction projects in order to identify how decision making could be improved in Australia and similar regions. The results of in-depth interviews conducted with road infrastructure practitioners in disaster affected regions are presented. The findings showed that there is a gap between the research community and practitioners in the use of systematic methods to aid prioritisation and decision making. The interviews also showed that the consideration of only a limited set of engineering and financial elements can lead to unintended consequences that impede resilience. A causal loop diagram was developed to illustrate the interrelationship between factors and showed that active intervention based on a systems thinking approach will benefit post-disaster decision making. These findings suggest that the development of more localised decision making tools can increase their adoption among practitioners.
Death by automation: Differences in weighting of fatalities caused by automated and conventional vehicles
Authors: Huang Bing , Cranenburgh Sander van , Chorus Caspar G.
Published: October 2023

Although Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to have a major and positive effect on road safety, recent accidents caused by AVs tend to generate a powerful negative impact on the public opinion regarding safety aspects of AVs. Triggered by such incidents, many experts and policy makers now believe that paradoxically, safety perceptions may well prohibit or delay the rollout of AVs in society, in the sense that AVs will need to become much safer than conventional vehicles (CVs), before being accepted by the public. In this study, we provide empirical insights to investigate and explain this safety paradox. Using stated choice experiments, we show that there is indeed a difference between the weight that individuals implicitly attach to an AV-fatality and to a CV-fatality. However, the degree of overweighting of AV-fatalities, compared to CV-fatalities, is considerably smaller than what has been suggested in public opinions and policy reports. We also find that the difference in weighting between AV-fatalities and CV-fatalities is (partly) related to a reference level effect: simply because the current number of fatalities caused by AVs is extremely low, each additional fatality carries extra weight. Our findings suggest that indeed, AVs have to become safer—but not orders of magnitude safer—than CVs, before the general public will develop a positive perception of AVs in terms of road safety. Ironically, our findings also suggest that the inevitable occurrence of more AV-related road accidents will in time lead to a diminishing degree of overweighting of safety issues surrounding the AV.
Techno-Economical and Ecological Potential of Electric Scooters: A Life Cycle Analysis
Authors: Kazmaier Markus , Taefi Tessa T. , Hettesheimer Tim
Published: October 2023

In Germany, mobility is currently in a state of flux. Since June 2019, electric kick scooters (e-scooters) have been permitted on the roads, and this market is booming. This study employs a user survey to generate new data, supplemented by expert interviews to determine whether such e-scooters are a climate-friendly means of transport. The environmental impacts are quantified using a life cycle assessment. This results in a very accurate picture of e-scooters in Germany. The global warming potential of an e-scooter calculated in this study is 165 g CO2-eq./km, mostly due to material and production (that together account for 73% of the impact). By switching to e-scooters where the battery is swapped, the global warming potential can be reduced by 12%. The lowest value of 46 g CO2-eq./km is reached if all possibilities are exploited and the life span of e-scooters is increased to 15 months. Comparing these emissions with those of the replaced modal split, e-scooters are at best 8% above the modal split value of 39 g CO2-eq./km.
Influence of floating car data quality on congestion identification
Authors: Blumthaler Wolfgang , Bursa Bartosz , Mailer Markus
Published: October 2023

This paper explores the usability of floating car data (FCD) of mixed quality in congestion analysis on motorways. The specific data quality aspects that we are investigating are the number and density of trajectories, the GPS interval, and the fleet representativeness. We use a dataset provided by the German Automobile Club ADAC covering the Tyrolean road network in 2016. From this dataset, trajectories along the A12 motorway were extracted for congestion analysis. These data are characterized by high GPS time interval, low number of trajectories, and are not representative for total traffic due to overrepresentation of trucks. The influence of these quality parameters on congestion identification is explored by analyzing the parameter distribution among different congestion types. In addition, we validate the results by comparing them with congestion incidents obtained from the stationary detector data (SDD) and examining the impact of quality parameters on the validation results. We find that the given data set does not allow short-term congestion patterns to be identified due to quality flaws. Especially the low number of trajectories proved problematic, whereas the influence of other parameters was less distinct. Despite these flaws, for large-scale congestion incidents, floating car data provide outcomes similar to those derived from stationary detectors.
Editorial: Special issue of the Transport Research Days (TRDs) of BIVEC-GIBET 2019
Authors: Witlox Frank
Published: October 2023

On May 23-24 2019 the Transport Research Days (TRDs) of BIVEC-GIBET, the Benelux Interuniversity Association of Transport Researchers, took place in Ghent (Belgium). What then was common practice -- going to a conference, present your paper, and interact with people face-to-face on campus – is now, due to COVID-19, something we all again look very much forward to.
The TRDs are organized biannually and offer young and established scholars from the three Benelux Countries an opportunity to present their research findings to an informed audience of transport, mobility, and logistics researchers. It is already the 8th time that the TRDs have been organized. Previous editions were held in Hasselt (2005), Rotterdam (2007), Brussels (2009), Namur (2011), Luxembourg (2013), Eindhoven (2015), Liège (2017), and Ghent (2019). And also the venue for the 9th TRD has been decided: Delft (2021).
In May 2019 the TRDs were organized by the Social and Economic Geography (SEG) Research Group of the Geography Department of Ghent University. The conference theme, although general enough to welcome various mobility- and transport-related disciplines, centred around moving forward towards more sustainability mobility and transport through smart systems. In 12 different sessions devoted to Safety, Travel behaviour, Traffic flows, Freight, Climate, Accessibility, Route choice, Pricing, Cars, Ports/airports, and Travel data, the best of current transport, mobility and logistics research in the Benelux-countries was presented. The set of full papers can be found in Witlox (2019). Yes, BIVEC-GIBET keeps its tradition and still publishes (in paper form) its proceedings… Another tradition is to go for a special issue of a journal, and we are very happy that European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research (EJTIR) agreed to host such a SI. In total we received eight papers, three of which, after review, have been accepted. By coincidence, all three accepted papers stem from Dutch researchers. And all three are of high relevance in today’s ongoing pandemic of the coronavirus disease, although neither of the three papers refers to COVID-19 because the research was conducted prior to the pandemic.
Estimating impacts of covid19 on transport capacity in railway networks
Authors: Besinovic Nikola , Szymula Christopher
Published: October 2023

Due to the covid19 crisis, public transport (PT) systems are facing new challenges. Regarding restrictive measures such as physical distancing and the successive returning of passengers after the “intelligent lockdown”, significant lack of transport capacity can be expected. In this paper, the transport capacity of a PT network is assessed, using a mathematical passenger route choice and train scheduling model. By analysing the overall number of transported passengers and the resulting link and train utilization; the networks capabilities of facilitating different demands under capacity restrictions (e.g. physical distancing) are addressed. The analysis is performed on the Dutch railway network. The results show that at most 50% of the pre-covid19 demand can be transported, while most of the trains will be highly utilized reaching their maximum occupation. Thus, significantly more parts of the network are becoming highly utilized, leading to a more congested and vulnerable system than in normal conditions before covid19.
Modal shift to inland waterway transport
Authors: Santén Vendela , Rogerson Sara , Williamsson Jon , Woxenius Johan
Published: October 2023

Modal shift from road to water is a strategy prioritised by both the European Union and many of its member states. However, inland waterways remain underutilised in most member states, and even the small number of countries in which inland waterway transport is well established, the sector faces fierce competition from road-based solutions. There is potential to develop tools and strategies for expanding the use of inland waterways by better understanding what activities key actors can rely on to facilitate modal shift. In this multiple-case study, we identify activities that actors perform to realise modal shift to inland waterways in five cases from the North Sea Region, by conducting interviews, workshops, and field observations. In each case, the process of modal shift varied depending upon which actor initiated specific activities, the order of performing activities and the number of iterations required to advance. Activities revolved around understanding the current situation, identifying potential solutions, testing solutions and promoting solutions. Getting stakeholders on board and identifying goods flows were integrated in all themes. The structured and emergent approach were outlined, highlighting varying starting points (mature or immature market) and actor engagement (facilitating or initiating roles). Different actors could assume leading roles. Authorities can target initiatives and policies to form relevant alliances and support modal shift by approach, while practitioners can relate and be inspired by the described activities in the varying contexts and adhere to entrepreneurial roles. Realising large-scale modal shift requires multi-actor engagement, openness to emergent solutions and long-term endurance.
Analysis of Trip Preferences among E-bike Users in Commuting: Evidence from an Online Choice-based Conjoint Experiment
Authors: Casier Corneel , Witlox Frank
Published: October 2023

The present study reports on the preferences among e-bike users for commuting trips. An online survey with sixteen choice-based conjoint questions was conducted in March 2020 amongst 144 e-cyclists and non e-cyclists in Flanders (Belgium). Their choices were analysed using a no-choice binomial logit model. The impact of the following factors showed to be most important: weather conditions, trip time, type of e-bike, and financial support by the employer. The effect on e-bike users of factors such as cycling infrastructure, secure parking, and shower facilities at the workplace seems more limited. Based on the difference between male and female respondents, trip time and type of e-bike differed significantly. The only significant difference between e-bike owners and non e-bike owners was the type of e-bike. Trip time, weather conditions and financial intervention differed significantly between the young and old age group. Our findings suggest that policymakers should focus on investments in e-bikes, such as cycling infrastructure, mileage allowance and facilities at the workplace to make this a sustainable and socially inclusive mode of transport.
Building latent segments of goods to improve shipment size modelling: Confirmatory evidence from France
Authors: Piendl Raphael , Koning Martin , Combes Francois , Liedtke Gernot
Published: October 2023

Freight transport demand models are generally based on administrative commodity type segmentation which are usually not tailored to behavioral freight transport demand modelling. Recent literature has explored new approaches to segment freight transport demand, notably based on latent class analysis, with promising results. In particular, empirical evidence from road freight transport modelling in Germany hints at the importance of conditioning and handling constraints as a sound basis for segmentation. However, this literature is currently sparse and based on small samples. Before it can be accepted that conditioning should be integrated in the state-of-the-art doctrine of freight data collection and model specification, more evidence is required. The objective of this article is to contribute to the issue. Using detailed data on shipments transported in France, a model of choice of shipment size with latent classes is estimated. The choice of shipment size is modelled as a process of total logistic cost minimization. Latent class analysis leverages the wide range of variables available in the dataset, to provide five categories of shipments which are both contrasted, internally homogenous, and directly usable to update freight collection protocols. The groups are: "‘standard temperature-controlled food products"’, "‘special transports"’, "‘bulk cargo"’, "‘miscellaneous standard cargo in bags"’, "‘palletised standard cargo"’. This segmentation is highly consistent with the empirical evidence from Germany and also leads to better estimates of shipment size choices than administrative segmentation. As a conclusion, the finding that conditioning and handling information is  essential to understanding and modelling freight transport can be regarded as more robust.
Speed development at freeway curves based on high frequency floating car data
Authors: Vos Johan , Farah Haneen
Published: October 2023

Road designers need to have insights where deceleration and acceleration are expected related to the position of the curve, and in in which amount so that drivers are able to safely decelerate and accelerate respectively into and out of a freeway curve. For this, empirical speed data is needed. Therefore, Floating Car Data in 153 curves in The Netherlands were collected at a resolution of 1 Hz and were filtered on free-flow periods, to analyse over 800 thousand unique continuous free-flow speed observations on these curves. Regression models were developed to predict speed development, including deceleration and acceleration behaviour upon entering and exiting freeway curves. The models rely on easy to generate geometric design variables, including the start and end position of the horizontal curve, the horizontal radius and the number of lanes. Using these variables, the designer can predict the speed development based on the 85th percentile of speed and acceleration, relative to the position of the curve. The regression models reveal strong goodness-of-fit of the predicted 85th percentiles of speed in a curve, showing acceleration and deceleration inside the curve, and higher predicted 85th percentile speeds than the design speeds. The models also show satisfying results in speed development prediction in sets of consecutive curves with different characteristics, as well as deceleration when entering a first curve and acceleration when exiting a last curve. These insights are valuable in evaluating road design in relation to traffic safety based on its predicted use.
Minimal utilization rate for railway maintenance windows: a cost-benefit approach
Authors: Ait Ali Abderrahman , Lidén Tomas
Published: October 2023

Methods for economic assessment are often used in the rail sector to evaluate large infrastructure investments such as new high-speed lines. With larger networks and ageing infrastructure, these methods can also be used for planning maintenance. In this paper, we focus on the newly introduced concept of maintenance windows in Sweden. These are pre-allocated slots in the train timetable dedicated to performing, among others, periodic/frequent maintenance activities. To justify the pre-allocation of such windows, this study presents a method to find minimal utilization rates depending on window designs and traffic situations. Using a cost-benefit approach, the windows are assessed using a total social cost including work costs, loss in traffic production and reliability gains in future traffic. Based on a case study from the Southern main line in Sweden, we study the minimal utilization rate in different test scenarios, i.e., night or day shifts, asset degradation functions and designs of maintenance windows. The results show that lower utilization rates (4-42%) can be accepted during low-volume traffic or for partial closures, while higher utilization rates (47-83%) are required for full closures during high-volume traffic. Whether the rates are measured as the share of used window time or the share of utilized windows is less important, especially when higher utilization is required. Sensitivity analyses of asset knowledge indicate that parameters such as asset degradation function and minimum asset quality (and to a lesser extent traffic volume, discount rate and failure likelihood) can have a substantial effect on the minimum required utilization rates.
Identifying MaaS schemes that maximise economic benefits through an economic appraisal
Authors: Chi Sae , Mazzer Sam
Published: October 2023

Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) is a new concept of transport mobility where various mobility services such as public transport, taxi and sometimes rideshare services are offered as a bundle with subscription payment. Many government transport agencies, industry bodies and academia have shown interest in MaaS, evidenced by the release of policy papers, trials and academic studies. The trials and studies to date presume that MaaS will benefit society, however, there is a lack of economic justification within the literature on the impacts on users, governments and communities. This paper explores multiple MaaS options through an economic appraisal framework and quantifies the economic benefits of MaaS. The economic appraisal framework monetised the MaaS impacts that were identified in past literature and compared the net benefits to society of several MaaS options developed for this paper. The appraisal demonstrated that the MaaS option that promotes public and active travel generates the largest economic benefits compared to other options that were considered. This paper demonstrates that transport policy can be developed based on the net impacts MaaS can provide to society. It also contributes to the discussion on policy issues surrounding MaaS which is important as government transport agencies and industry partners explore the justification for investment and implementation requirements.
Planning for the sustainability of freight and logistics
Authors: McLeod Sam , Browne Michael
Published: October 2023

Policy-makers face challenges managing the movement of goods while responding to increasingly urgent sustainability problems. Freight policy is fragmented over many regulatory fields, often with ambiguous or contested objectives. Empirical freight transport research can be difficult to translate directly into policy settings, and policy measures often have substantial unintended consequences, especially over long time periods. These foundational challenges can make effective policy implementation difficult.

Through a review of the literature, and drawing on diverse applied research and practice experiences, we categorise intertemporal problems in designing regional freight policy, and identify principles for informing practical policy synthesis. These principles provide a framework for decision-makers who formulate policy, and for researchers who critically evaluate it. Adoption and refinement of these principles will improve the translation of research into policy through time, recognising the inherently complex and uncertain nature of planning for the movement of goods.