bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heart rate variability and ageing rate after concussion resulting from combat mine-explosive damage
Authors: Chyzhova Valentina , Pisaruk Anatoly , Kovtonyuk Tatyana , Mekhova Ludmila , Shatylo Valery
Published: April 2023

This study aims to investigate changes in heart rate variability (HRV) in military personnel with concussions. Men who received a brain concussion as a result of a mine-explosive brain injury during the Russian-Ukrainian war were examined. The study included 30 men with mild traumatic brain injury (concussion, age 37.4±1.70 years) and 32 healthy men (control, age 37.1±1.65 years) aged from 25 to 50 years, who were examined Blood pressure, heart rate and ECG measurements were taken from 10:00 to noon, in the supine and standing positions (within 5 minutes). HRV scores were calculated in the time domain and frequency domain. In people after a concussion, there was significantly lower control in the values of SDNN, and TP which characterise the total power of neurohumoral regulation of heart rate (p<0.05). The differences in the indicators characterizing vagal influences were especially pronounced: in patients with concussion, RMSSD and HF were lower than in controls. The activity of the baroreflex centre of the medulla oblongata, assessed by the spectral power of low-frequency waves (LF), in people with a concussion was significantly lower compared to controls (p<0.05). The sympathovagal balance (LF/HF) in people after a concussion, compared with the control, is shifted towards the predominance of the sympathetic division of the ANS. The average BA in the group of people with conсussion was 51,8±3,62 years, and in the control group – 40,84±2,38 years (p<0,05). The difference between BA and CA is 14,4±2,18 years in the group of people with contusion and 3,75±2,12 in the control group (p<0,01). The data obtained in our study allow us to conclude that concussion may be a factor that disrupts autonomic regulation and accelerates ageing.

Keywords: heart rate variability; biological age; concussion
Influence of N95 Mask-related Hypoxemia on Headache, Stress, Anxiety, and Quality of Sleep during COVID-19 Patient Care among Frontline Health Care Professionals
Authors: Varman Arul , Nithiya Devi R , Meghna Chetty , Tipandjan Arun , Thiagarajan Srinivasan , Saravanan Nirmala , Sivakumar Geethalakshmi
Published: April 2023

Background: Prolonged use of N95 masks by health care workers might affect physical health due to mask-related hypoxia in addition to the psychological effects of N95 masks. We tried to explore the association of N95 mask-related hypoxia and headache with stress, quality of sleep, and anxiety in the current study. Materials and methods: The sample (N = 78) consisted of 41 doctors and 37 nurses involved in COVID-19 patient care and using N95 masks with or without PPE for at least 4 hours. Perceived stress scale (PSS), Coronavirus anxiety scale (CAS), and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were administered, and physical parameters like heart rate and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured. Results: Around 42% of the study participants experienced headaches after wearing an N95 mask and had a higher increase in heart rate (mean percent:10.5% vs 6.3%) and decline in SpO2 (mean percent: 2.6% vs 1.5%) compared to those who didn’t develop a headache after N95 mask use. Independent samples t-test showed a mean difference for PSS and CAS between those who experienced headaches and those who didn’t. The mean PSQI scores among the study participants were 8.91 ± 5.78; the score among those participants with and without headache was 10.57 ± 3.11 and 7.68 ± 2.53, respectively. Conclusion: Perceived corona anxiety, poor sleep quality, and corona anxiety are associated with N95-related headaches and SpO2 drop among health professionals who wear N95 masks for at least 4 hours.
Correlation of Anemia with Glycated Hemoglobin among Euglycemic Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Sharda Meenaxi , Gandhi Nikhil , Bansal Dharmendra , Gadhwal Maneesh
Published: April 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and anemia are both prevalent in India. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of DM and monitoring of glycemic status. Hemoglobin (Hb) being the integral component of HbA1c, there is a possibility that anemia can also affect the level of HbA1c apart from the various other factors. Objectives: To study the prevalence, type of anemia, and correlation between HbA1c and anemia, including red blood cell (RBC) indices in euglycemic type 2 DM patients. The study was conducted with the objective of studying the correlation between HbA1c and anemia in euglycemic diabetic patients having controlled blood glucose over a period of 3 months. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2020 and May 2021 at the Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan, India. All euglycemic diabetic patients with controlled blood glucose over a period of 3 months attending the outpatient department and fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Inclusion criteria: All euglycemic type 2 DM patients with controlled blood glucose having three consecutive normal blood glucose levels [fasting blood sugar (FBS)—80–130 mg/dL and postprandial blood sugar (PP2BS) test—<180 mg/dL] over a period of 3 months from the outpatient department. Exclusion criteria: Type 1 DM and latent autoimmune diabetes of adults, patients with hemolytic anemia, pregnancy, chronic alcoholism, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, combined deficiency anemia, patients with increased FBS and PP2BS, acute and chronic inflammatory state, malignancy, anemia of chronic disease, and vitamin B12 deficiency were excluded from our study. Detailed investigations of diabetes and anemia were conducted. The effect of anemia on HbA1c was assessed, and the correlation of anemia with mean HbA1c was analyzed statistically. Results: The prevalence of anemia in diabetic patients is 56.8%. Normocytic normochromic anemia is the most common, which was observed among 48.86% of diabetic patients. The median HbA1c of anemic patients is higher than nonanemic patients (p < 0.01). There is a negative correlation between Hb and HbA1c (p < 0.01). The correlation of RBC indices, that is, mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and MCH with HbA1c, is also negative (p < 0.01). There is a negative correlation between HbA1c and serum ferritin level, as indicated by the Pearson correlation test (p-value of <0.01). Conclusion: Anemia is prevalent in type 2 DM patients without renal involvement, and also normocytic normochromic type is the most common, followed by iron deficiency anemia (IDA). HbA1c levels are significantly affected by the presence of moderate anemia in spite of controlled glycemia.
Lipid Profile as an Indicator of Severity in Cirrhosis of Liver: Hospital based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yamuna Jeevanandham , Akila Anbazhakan , Muruganandam Vellaichamy Uvaraj , Sivakumar Krishnamurthy , Natarajan Kumar , Muruganathan Arumugam
Published: April 2023

Background: Various scoring systems are available to assess the severity of cirrhosis, that is, the Child-Pugh score and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. Since the liver is the major site for converting excess carbohydrates into various lipids, the deranged lipid profile can act as a prognostic biomarker of cirrhosis. We assessed the lipid profile abnormalities among patients with cirrhosis of the liver and correlated them with the severity of cirrhosis. Materials and methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study on lipid profile as an indicator of severity in cirrhosis of the liver among patients admitted to the medical ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Tamil Nadu. Following detailed investigation and confirmation of cirrhosis, a fasting serum lipid profile was measured in all eligible patients with cirrhosis. Total serum cholesterol, triglyceride (TGL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were measured by direct method and serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were calculated by using the Friedwald formula. Results: A total of 120 patients were studied. Of them, 76 (63%) were male. Of them, alcohol (84, 75.0%), hepatitis B (8, 7.1%), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (6, 5.4%) were the most common cause of cirrhosis. A clear dose-response relationship (decreasing trend) is seen in the levels of lipids for increasing severity based on the Child-Pugh score and MELD score (except for a score of ≤10). Further, the cholesterol, LDL, and HDL were significantly lower among patients with ascites or with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis compared to their respective groups. However, none of the lipid profiles significantly differed based on the presence of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding. Conclusion: This study observed that there is a significant reduction in levels of lipid profile parameters like serum total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, TGL, and HDL in patients with cirrhosis as the severity increases. Further formulation of the scoring system in association with a preexisting scoring system may provide a better assessment of patients’ prognosis in view of morbidity and mortality. We recommend it is necessary to assess the fasting lipid profile in all patients with cirrhosis and prognosticate their disease progression.
“Feeling Unwanted, When Nobody Wants You Around”: Perceptions of Social Pain Among People With Autism
Authors: Levi Merry Kalingel , Schreuer Naomi , Granovsky Yelena , Bar-Shalita Tami , Weissman-Fogel Irit , Hoffman Tseela , Gal Eyant
Published: April 2023

Importance: A paucity of studies have focused on pain experiences among people with autism spectrum disorder, particularly those addressing social pain in daily life contexts or learning from the perspective of autistic people.

Objective: To explore the social pain experience of autistic people.

Design: A descriptive qualitative design followed by deductive thematic analysis. Interviews were semistructured to capture the social pain experience, coping strategies, and implications for the participation of autistic people.

Setting: Online interviews using Zoom videoconferencing software.

Participants: Fifteen autistic people were recruited for the study using purposeful and criterion sampling.

Results: Four primary themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) a definition of social pain and the distinction between social pain and other types of pain; (2) the sources—internal, external, and combined—of social pain; (3) the loneliness outcome, which echoes the gap between the desire for and lack of social contacts; and (4) coping strategies pertaining to the continuum between inward and outward coping strategies to deal with social pain.

Conclusion and Relevance: The study indicates the existence of a discrepancy between autistic people’s need for social interactions and the social pain they experience. It calls for intervention programs for autistic people to improve their coping strategies and promote their self-acceptance and better inclusion in the community.

What This Article Adds: Promoting social functioning is a prime role of occupational therapists, and this article adds a novel theoretical model that contributes to that role. The model represents the social pain experiences of autistic people and their strategies to overcome this phenomenon. Firsthand accounts of autistic people regarding social pain enable a better understanding of their desire to be involved in the social context. This study suggests directions for further intervention programs to assist autistic people in fulfilling their wish for social relationships and enabling their enhanced integration into society.

Positionality Statement: We recognize that use of person-first versus identity-first language is a source of debate and controversy. We have chosen to use identity-first language for two reasons. First, studies indicate person with autism is the term least preferred by autistic people (Botha et al., 2021). Second, autistic is the term used by the majority of our participants during interviews.
PEDAGOGIA DO TÊNIS
Authors: Borelli Laís Miotto , Silva Luís Felipe Nogueira , Miranda João Marcelo de Queiroz , Scaglia Alcides José
Published: April 2023

Os processos de ensino-aprendizagem do tênis são regidos por abordagens didático-metodológicas, que dispõem de uma classificação epistemológica dentre os quais destacamos o Play and Stay, método incorporado em diversas instâncias, inclusive institucionais, como a Confederação Brasileira de Tênis (CBT). Nesta linha, o estudo primou por investigar a influência do Play and Stay em meio à organização, sistematização, aplicação e avaliação de conteúdos por professores/as de tênis no contexto da iniciação e participação esportiva no Brasil. O estudo aponta que o Play and Stay é conhecido e, porque não dizer benquisto por professores e professoras de tênis no Brasil. Entretanto, sua aplicação efetiva ainda é parca – em alguns casos, inexistente. Os/as profissionais optam por utilizar abordagens fundamentadas pelo tecnicismo pedagógico, que contrapõe o Play and Stay, de conotação construtivista. Uma das justificativas é o receio de que aluno/as refutem ações e direcionamentos que, supostamente, não enfatizem a técnica e nem contemplam o que é realizado no alto rendimento esportivo. Há, assim, necessidade em (re) pensar o processo formativo desses/as profissionais, de modo a otimizar, na teoria e na prática, o acesso às bases metodológicas e didáticas que compõem o Play and Stay, a partir do diálogo entre instituições e contextos formais, não-formais e informais de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento, sobretudo na Iniciação Esportiva.
Programa de gobierno de la Unión Nacional Opositora (UNO)
Authors: El Editor
Published: April 2023

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 32, No. 341, 1977: 217-257.
Gender-Sensitive Risks and Options Assessment for Decision Making (ROAD) to Support WiF2
Authors: Ringler Claudia , Abdulrahim Sawsan , Adra May , Fatima Alvi Muzna , ul Arefin Choudhury Zahid , ElDidi Hagar , Kilby Patrick , Nassif Gabriella , Ratna Nazmun , Sufian Farha , van Biljon Chloe , Wu Joyce
Published: April 2023

The Gender-Sensitive Risks and Options Assessment for Decision Making (ROAD) to Support WiF-2 (ROAD migration project), a partnership coordinated by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Australian National University, American University Beirut, Lincoln University, and University of Dhaka, evaluated the ILO-DFID Partnership Programme on Fair Recruitment and Decent Work for Women Migrant Workers in South Asia and the Middle East (Work in Freedom, Phase 2 project [WiF-2]), which operated from 2018 to 2023. The WiF-2 project specifically aimed “to reduce vulnerability to trafficking and forced labour of women and girls across migration pathways leading to the care sector and textiles, clothing, leather and footwear industries (TCLFI) of South Asia and Arab States” (ToC WiF-2).
PENGGUNAAN PENDEKATAN KELOMPOK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEBERHASILAN BELAJAR MATERI OPERASI MATRIK
Authors: SULAIMAN SULAIMAN
Published: April 2023

This study aims to (1) improve student learning success (2) Responses to the use of the Group Approach (3) There is an interaction of the Group Approach to the material for Matrix Operations. The research procedure consisted of two cycles, each cycle consisting of 2 meetings and 4 stages including: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Kebomas Gresik, with 34 students in class XI MIPA 7 as subjects consisting of 15 male students and 19 female students. Data analysis uses descriptive comparative techniques with quantitative data (percentages) and critical analysis techniques with qualitative data. The results showed: (1) the success of student learning increased pre-cycle with an average of 59.5; cycle 1 average 74.8 ; cycle 2 average 85.6 . So that. the use of a group approach can be an alternative in conducting classroom learning.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) meningkatkan keberhasilan   belajar siswa (2) Respon terhadap penggunaan Pendekatan Kelompok (3) Adanya interaksi Pendekatan Kelompok terhadap materi Operasi Matrik . Prosedur Penelitian terdiri atas dua siklus ,setiap siklusnya terdiri dari  2 pertemuan dan 4 tahapan   meliputi : perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Penelitian dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Kebomas Gresik, dengan subyek siswa kelas XI MIPA  7  berjumlah  34  siswa  terdiri 15 siswa laki – laki dan 19 siswa perempuan. Analisis data menggunakan teknik diskriptif  komparatif dengan data kuantitatif ( prosentase ) dan teknik analisis kritis  dengan data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan : (1) Keberhasilan belajar siswa meningkat  ditunjukkan prasiklus dengan rerata 59,5 ; siklus 1 rerata  74,8 ; siklus 2 rerata 85,6 .  Sehingga. penggunaan  pendekatan kelompok dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam melakukan pembelajaran di kelas.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN BLENDED LEARNING BERBASIS WEB CENTRIC COURSE MOODLE PADA MATERI KOLOID
Authors: WIDIYANTO WIDIYANTO
Published: April 2023

This research is a web-centric course moodle-based blended learning module development research on colloid material in class XI. In this study using the development of web-centric course moodle-based blended learning modules on colloidal material using the Four-D (4D) development model. The 4D development model consists of 4 main stages, namely (1) define, (2) design, (3) develop, and (4) disseminate. The web-centric course Moodle-based blended learning module is used for learning chemistry on colloid material. The designed module contains core competencies, basic competencies, competency achievement indicators, learning objectives, subject matter, face-to-face and online learning proportions, as well as formative test questions and print and online rubrics. Modules are available in print and online which can be downloaded by each student. Through blended learning learning modules will be able to increase the knowledge and skills of students in colloid learning.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan modul pembelajaran blended learning berbasis web centric course moodle pada materi koloid. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pengembangan modul pembelajaran blended learning berbasis web centric course moodle pada materi koloid ini menggunakan model pengembangan Four-D (4D). Model pengembangan 4D terdiri 4 tahap utama yaitu (1) pendefinisian (define), (2) perancangan (design), (3) pengembangan (develop), dan (4) penyebaran (disseminate). Modul pembelajaran blended learning berbasis web centric course moodle digunakan untuk pembelajaran kimia pada materi koloid. Modul yang dirancang memuat kompetensi inti, kompetensi dasar, indikator pencapaian kompetensi, tujuan pembelajaran, materi pokok, proporsi pembelajaran tatap muka dan online, serta soal tes formatif dan rubrik cetak dan online. Modul tersedia secara cetak dan secara online yang dapat didownload setiap peserta didik. Melalui modul pembelajaran blended learning akan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran koloid.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TPS (THINK, PAIR AND SAHRE) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA SISWA KELAS X IPA 4 SMAN 1 PRINGGARATA
Authors: JUPRI JUPRI
Published: April 2023

This study concerns with Think Pair Share (TPS) to improve students’ reading skill. The aim of this study was to promote students’ reading skill through (TPS) technique . In this study, the researcher applied classroom action research in which the datas were described in qualitative and quantitative description using the instruments of observations such as checklist, test and documentation .Observation was conducted to know the implementation of (TPS) technique during teaching and learning process and its datas were decribed in qualitative description, while a writeen test is used to measure the students’ achievement in reading skill then the results are described in quatitative description. Subject of this study was tenth- grade of SMAN 1 Pringgarata which consists of 33 students.This study was conducted in two cycles, each cycle consisted of 4 steps such as: planning, acting, observing and reflecting. The result of this research showed that (TPS) technique could promote students’ reading skill. It could be seen from the significant improvement of result in each cycle. The average of students’ score before implementing the strategy was 65,83, and increased into 67,88 in the first cycle . After doing treatment and The result increased into 81,67 in second cycle. This means, students’ reading skill was successfully improved by applying (TPS) technique in teaching Reading at the tenth-grade of senior high school, SMAN 1 Pringgarata.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi peningkatan pembelajaran keterampilan membaca pada siswa kelas X IPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Pringgarata dengan menggunakan metode TPS (Think Pair Share). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dan datanya dipaparkan melalui data deskripsi kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari atas 4 tahap yaitu: tahap perencanaan, pelakasanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Data proses pembelajaran, setiap siklus dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Sedangkan data hasil pembelajaran dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPA 4 yang berjumlah 33 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh siswa pada siklus I adalah 67,88 % dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 30,3% sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata mencapai 81,67 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 96,97%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan metode TPS dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca khususnya teks recount sejarah siswa kelas X IPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Pringgarata.
Singularités géométriques vasculaires, marqueurs hémodynamiques et pathologies
Authors: DEPLANO Valérie , GUIVIER-CURIEN Carine
Published: April 2023

Les écoulements dans des singularités géométriques du système cardio-vasculaire sont étudiés. L'objectif est de corréler leur dynamique à l'évolution des pathologies. Pour cela, des index/marqueurs hémodynamiques (frottement pariétal, structures vorticales…) sont introduits et corrélés à des évènements cliniques sévères. Plusieurs cas sont étudiés: courbures, bifurcations, rétrécissement, élargissement de section, valves, ainsi que des cas pathologiques (anévrisme, sténose, dissection aortique).
Mécanismes pathogéniques des agents pathogènes bactériens d’origine alimentaire
Authors: AGUIRRE GARCIA Mayra , HADDAD Nabila
Published: April 2023

Ce chapitre s’inscrit dans la caractérisation du danger, une des quatre étapes de l’évaluation du risque. Il traite de la pathogénicité et de la virulence associés aux principaux agents microbiens susceptibles d’être présents dans les aliments. Les mécanismes pathogéniques tels que la colonisation du tube digestif, l'adhésion aux cellules épithéliales intestinales, l'invasion des tissus, la translocation sont décrits à l’aide de moult illustrations.
Un guide pour la caractérisation des risques microbiologiques
Authors: GUILLIER Laurent , SANAA Moez
Published: April 2023

La caractérisation des risques, étape finale de l'évaluation des risques, peut être utilisée pour prendre des décisions en matière de gestion des risques. Ce chapitre introduit les différentes sorties d’une évaluation de risque : nombre de cas, années de vie en bonne santé perdues (DALY), coûts associés à la maladie, etc. Il revient également sur l’importance de la prise en compte de l’incertitude et de la variabilité dans la caractérisation, notamment en vue de son utilisation par le gestionnaire du risque.
Luttes toponymiques à l’ère de la post-souveraineté cartographique
Authors: NOUCHER Matthieu
Published: April 2023

En suivant le fil de luttes toponymiques qui se jouent sur le géoweb, cette contribution propose de décrypter les enjeux politiques qui se tissent aujourd’hui autour de la maitrise de l’information géographique numérique et de son contrôle. L’exemple guyanais permet d’illustrer les dérégulations en cours et d’envisager un agenda de recherche à l’ère de la post-souveraineté cartographique.
Nommer les territoires de conquête : au-delà de l’opposition exo/endonymes
Authors: GIRAUT Frédéric
Published: April 2023

Les pratiques toponymiques coloniales et impériales relèvent de logiques de conquêtes mais forment des dispositifs différents selon les contextes. Si elles sont consubstancielles de l’imposition d’un ordre politique et sémiotique externe, elles introduisent cependant des rapports complexes, dialectiques, entre noms d’origine extérieure et noms d’origine locale, entre exonymie et endonymie, qu’il serait bien simpliste d’opposer strictement.
Cinématique méso-cénozoïque de l’Europe occidentale appliquée au domaine pyrénéen
Authors: ANGRAND Paul , MOUTHEREAU Frédéric
Published: April 2023

Ce chapitre retrace l’évolution cinématique, depuis le Paléozoïque, du domaine méditerranéen occidental qui est le résultat d’une histoire tectonique complexe impliquant l’Europe, l’Amérique du Nord et l’Afrique. Si la cinématique de ces grands continents est bien comprise, celle des multiples blocs continentaux, séparés et/ou agglomérés à ces grands domaines est incertaine et discutée dans ce chapitre.
L’ouverture du golfe de Gascogne à la limite de plaque ibéro-européenne
Authors: TUGEND Julie , THINON Isabelle
Published: April 2023

Le Golfe de Gascogne est un bassin océanique ouvert au Crétacé lors d’une tentative avortée de propagation de l’océan Atlantique Nord entre les plaques lithosphériques européenne et ibérique. Ce chapitre synthétise nos connaissances de la structure des marges continentales qui bordent ce bassin et du contexte géodynamique de sa formation, concluant sur certaines des questions scientifiques majeures restant à résoudre.
Selective deuteration as a tool for resolving autoxidation mechanisms in α-pinene ozonolysis
Authors: Meder Melissa , Peräkylä Otso , Varelas Jonathan G. , Luo Jingyi , Cai Runlong , Zhang Yanjun , Kurtén Theo , Riva Matthieu , Rissanen Matti , Geiger Franz M. , Thomson Regan J. , Ehn Mikael
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) from α-pinene ozonolysis have been shown to be significant contributors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA), yet our mechanistic understanding of how the peroxy-radical-driven autoxidation leads to their formation in this system is still limited. The involved isomerisation reactions such as H-atom abstractions followed by O2 additions can take place on sub-second timescales in short-lived intermediates, making the process challenging to study. Similarly, while the end-products and sometimes radical intermediates can be observed using mass spectrometry, their structures remain elusive. Therefore, we propose a method utilising selective deuterations for unveiling the mechanisms of autoxidation, where the HOM products can be used to infer which C atoms have taken part in the isomerisation reactions. This relies on the fact that if a C−D bond is broken due to an abstraction by a peroxy group forming a −OOD hydroperoxide, the D atom will become labile and able to be exchanged with a hydrogen atom in water vapour (H2O), effectively leading to loss of the D atom from the molecule. In this study, we test the applicability of this method using three differently deuterated versions of α-pinene with the newly developed chemical ionisation Orbitrap (CI-Orbitrap) mass spectrometer to inspect the oxidation products. The high mass-resolving power of the Orbitrap is critical, as it allows the unambiguous separation of molecules with a D atom (mD=2.0141) from those with two H atoms (mH2=2.0157). We found that the method worked well, and we could deduce that two of the three tested compounds had lost D atoms during oxidation, suggesting that those deuterated positions were actively involved in the autoxidation process. Surprisingly, the deuterations were not observed to decrease HOM molar yields, as would have been expected due to kinetic isotope effects. This may be an indication that the relevant H (or D) abstractions were fast enough that no competing pathways were of relevance despite slower abstraction rates of the D atom. We show that selective deuteration can be a very useful method for studying autoxidation on a molecular level and likely is not limited to the system of α-pinene ozonolysis tested here.
Ethylene oxide monitor with part-per-trillion precision for in situ measurements
Authors: Yacovitch Tara I. , Dyroff Christoph , Roscioli Joseph R. , Daube Conner , McManus J. Barry , Herndon Scott C.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. An Aerodyne tunable infrared laser direct absorption spectrometer with a multipass cell with a 413 m pathlength for the detection of ethylene oxide (EtO) is presented (TILDAS-FD-EtO). This monitor achieves precisions of <75 ppt or <0.075 ppb s−1 and <20 ppt in 100 s (1σ). We demonstrate precisions averaging down to 4 ppt h−1 (1σ precision) when operated with frequent humidity-matched zeroes. A months-long record of 2022 ambient concentrations at a site in the eastern United States is presented. Average ambient EtO concentration is on the order of 18 ppt (22 ppt standard deviation, SD). Enhancement events of EtO lasting a few hours are observed, with peaks as high as 600 ppt. Back-trajectory simulations suggest an EtO source nearly 35 km away. This source along with another are confirmed as emitters through mobile near-source measurements, with downwind concentrations in the 0.5 to 700 ppb range depending on source identity and distance downwind.
Multi-model approach in a variable spatial framework for streamflow simulation
Authors: Thébault Cyril , Perrin Charles , Andréassian Vazken , Thirel Guillaume , Legrand Sébastien , Delaigue Olivier
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Accounting for the variability of hydrological processes and climate conditions between catchments and within catchments remains a challenge in rainfall–runoff modelling. Among the many approaches developed over the past decades, multi-model approaches provide a way to take into account the uncertainty linked to the choice of model structure and its parameter estimates. Semi-distributed approaches make it possible to account explicitly for spatial variability while maintaining a limited level of complexity. However, these two approaches have rarely been used together. Such a combination would allow us to take advantage of both methods. The aim of this work is to answer the following question: What is the possible contribution of a multi-model approach within a variable spatial framework compared to lumped single models for streamflow simulation? To this end, a set of 121 catchments with limited influence in France was assembled, with precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and streamflow data at the hourly time step over the period 1998–2018. The semi-distribution set-up was kept simple by considering a single downstream catchment defined by an outlet, and one or more upstream sub-catchments. The multi-model approach was implemented with 13 rainfall–runoff model structures, three calibration options and two spatial frameworks, for a total of 78 distinct modelling options. A simple average method was used to combine the various simulated streamflow at the outlet of the catchments and sub-catchments. The most efficient lumped model on a given catchment was taken as the benchmark for model evaluation. Overall, the semi-distributed multi-model approach yields better performance than the different lumped models considered individually. The gain is mainly brought about by the multi-model set-up, with the spatial framework providing a benefit on a more occasional basis. These results, based on a large catchment set, evince the benefits of using a multi-model in a variable spatial framework to simulate streamflow.
Determining the surface mixing layer height of the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer during polar night in cloudless and cloudy conditions
Authors: Akansu Elisa F. , Dahlke Sandro , Siebert Holger , Wendisch Manfred
Published: April 2023

Abstract. This study analyzes turbulent properties in, and the thermodynamic structure of the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) during winter and the transition to spring. These processes influence the evolution and longevity of clouds, and impact the surface radiative energy budget in the Arctic. For the measurements we have used an instrumental payload carried by a helium filled tethered balloon. This system was deployed between December 2019 and May 2020 during the yearlong Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition. Vertically highly resolved in situ measurements of profiles of turbulent parameters were obtained reaching from the sea ice up to several hundred meters height. The two typical states of the Arctic ABL were identified: cloudless situations with a shallow and stable ABL, and cloudy conditions maintaining a mixed ABL. We have used profile data to estimate the height of the surface mixing layer. For this purpose, a bulk Richardson number criterion approach was introduced. By deriving a critical bulk Richardson number for wintertime in high latitudes, we have extended the analysis to radiosonde data. Furthermore, we have tested the applicability of the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory to derive surface mixing layer heights based on measured surface fluxes.
Cosmogenic-nuclide data from Antarctic nunataks can constrain past ice sheet instabilities
Authors: Halberstadt Anna Ruth W. , Balco Greg , Buchband Hannah , Spector Perry
Published: April 2023

Abstract. We apply geologic evidence from ice-free areas in
Antarctica to evaluate model simulations of ice sheet response to warm
climates. This is important because such simulations are used to predict ice
sheet behaviour in future warm climates, but geologic evidence of
smaller-than-present past ice sheets is buried under the present ice sheet
and therefore generally unavailable for model benchmarking. We leverage an
alternative accessible geologic dataset for this purpose: cosmogenic-nuclide
concentrations in bedrock surfaces of interior nunataks. These data produce
a frequency distribution of ice thickness over multimillion-year periods,
which is also simulated by ice sheet modelling. End-member transient models,
parameterized with strong and weak marine ice sheet instability processes
and ocean temperature forcings, simulate large and small sea-level impacts
during warm periods and also predict contrasting and distinct frequency
distributions of ice thickness. We identify regions of Antarctica where
predicted frequency distributions reveal differences in end-member ice sheet
behaviour. We then demonstrate that a single comprehensive dataset from one bedrock
site in West Antarctica is sufficiently detailed to show that the data are
consistent only with a weak marine ice sheet instability end-member, but
other less extensive datasets are insufficient and/or ambiguous. Finally, we
highlight locations where collecting additional data could constrain the
amplitude of past and therefore future response to warm climates.
Exploring the Socio-Economic Factors that Affects the Classroom Performance of Students of Child Protection & Welfare Bureau in Gujranwala
Authors: Nayab Sahrish , Ul Hassan Khawaja Hisham , Akmal Farhana
Published: April 2023

Socioeconomic factors affect us. Socioeconomics emphasizes economics and society. Socioeconomics considers economic and social forces. These factors affect how different social classes work together. Classroom performance includes program objectives, achievements, and goals. The CP&WB protects abandoned and destitute children from neglect, abuse, manipulation, and violence. This qualitative study examined how socio-economic factors affect Gujranwala child protection & welfare bureau students' classroom performance. The study used semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used to interview male and female Gujranwala teachers. The methodology helped analyze socioeconomic data and understand how it affected student performance in class. The interviews yielded 19 themes, of which the researchers selected those relevant to the project: qualification, experience, values, street children, child labour, status, classroom performance, facilities, and improvement. The study found that socioeconomic statuses, such as shelter, food, income, education, and health facilities, have a significant impact on classroom performance. The government and policymakers could develop a mechanism to support and increase services to control issues by analyzing how socioeconomic factors affect classroom performance.
EFEITO DA RECIRCULAÇÃO DE VINHAÇA BIODIGERIDA EM REATORES ANAERÓBIOS HORIZONTAIS DE LEITO FIXO (RAHLF) SUBMETIDA AO PROCESSO OXIDATIVO AVANÇADO FENTON
Authors: Silva Nunes Jorge Otavio , Alves de Oliveira Roberto , Maria Duda Rose
Published: April 2023

Durante a produção de etanol de cana-de-açúcar é gerado como subproduto, a vinhaça, que pode trazer danos quando aplicada no solo de maneira inconsequente. Para o tratamento da vinhaça se destaca como uma boa opção, pois além de melhorar a qualidade do da deste efluente agroindustrial ainda tem a produção de biogás. A recirculação da vinhaça biodigerida é utilizada para diluição da vinhaça bruta e aproveitamento da alcalinidade. Porém a recirculação do efluente em reatores anaeróbios tratando vinhaça por longos períodos pode acarretar acúmulo de material recalcitrante e a diminuição da produção de metano. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o tratamento da vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar utilizando quatro reatores RAHLF, em série. Foram aplicadas cargas orgânicas volumétricas (COV) no R1 de 14 e 20 g DQOtotal (L d)-1, utilizando a recirculação do efluente com e sem a aplicação da reação de Fenton, respectivamente. Para o sistema composto pelos quatro RAHLF foram observados valores médios de remoção de demanda química de oxigênio total (DQOtotal) de 32, 58 e 52% e produção volumétrica de metano (PVM) de 0,53; 0,43 e 0,50 L CH4 (L d)-1 ,nas Fases I, II e III, respectivamente. A aplicação do processo Fenton no efluente recirculado nas Fases II e III, melhorou a eficiência de remoção de DQOtotal do sistema comparados à fase I.
Rehabilitation of rowing athletes during the formation of respiratory rhythms in course of bone tissue prosthetics
Authors: Wang Yanbu , Geng Yan , Wang Wei , Wang Chao , Zhang Qi
Published: April 2023

Athletes who are engaged in rowing are subject to a number of occupational health problems that require not only long-term rehabilitation, but also long-term recovery. The aspect of the restoration of disturbed breathing rhythms and the activity of the cardiovascular system is of particular relevance. Since disorders of the cardiovascular system usually take place when associated physical damage occurs, the issue of forming a model of medical intervention during operations and rehabilitation activities is of primary importance. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that the formation of a system of rehabilitation measures should be determined by the requirements for achievement of previously shown results. The authors determine the structure of the model, its practical application and the formation of a graphic model on its basis that will be used when replacing parts of the skeletal support. It was determined that this allows to form not only the stable functioning support, but also the respiratory systems, and thus lay the foundation for the athlete’s further physical rehabilitation for practical activities and return to sports. Practical significance of the subject matter is determined by the need to form adaptive potential, which will allow athletes to maintain positive dynamics of performances in the future at the level of international competitions.
Book Review: Bill Hayes Sweat: A History of Exercise. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2023. 246 pp. ISBN: HB: 978-1-62040-228-3; PB: 978-1-62040-230-6; EBOOK: 978-1-62040-229-0
Authors: Poteko Kaja
Published: April 2023

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Differences in post activation potentiation and post activation performance enhancement between flywheel and barbell squat protocols
Authors: Spudić Darjan , Dakskobler Julija , Štirn Igor
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to compare the post-activation potentiation (PAP) and post-activation potentiation performance enhancement (PAPE) response following the flywheel (FW) and barbell resistance protocols on subsequent evoked knee extensor muscle characteristics and countermovement jump (CMJ) height. The study used a randomized crossover design including nineteen physical education students (24.9 [2.6] years, 171.1 [6.9] cm, 66.9 [8.6] kg). The participants were divided into experienced (EX) and unexperienced (unEX) groups. They visited laboratory eight times and in randomized order performed the following tests: I) optimal FW load determination, II) optimal barbell load determination, III) control visit to determine twitch characteristics, IV) control visit to determine CMJ characteristics, V and VI) evoked contractions of the quadriceps femoris muscle after FW squat and barbell protocols, VII and VIII) CMJ testing after FW squat and barbell squat protocols. A mixed model ANOVA (factors load condition [control, FW, barbell], time [1-10 min] and experience) revealed changes in jump height, twitch amplitude, contraction time and half-relaxation time as a factor of time. Only minor differences in variables analyzed were found between EX and unEX participants and between load conditions. The prevalent observation is that the two loading conditions (FW vs. barbell) induced no different PAP/E responses. Presumably, because the intensity and the tempo of the two resistance exercise protocols were matched by the peak power load selection and coupled eccentric-concentric contractions.
The comparison of estimated body fatness with two different field methods in young wrestlers
Authors: Demirkan Erkan , Kutlu Mehmet , Taskiran Celal , Arici Mustafa
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the study was to compare the estimation of body fatness with two different equations, using skinfold and body neck and waist circumference in young wrestlers. One hundred and ten wrestlers (age:14.5 ± 1.2 years) voluntarily participated in the study and were divided into two categories based on body weight percentile scores (thin and heavy). Body composition analyses were determined by using two field methods, one of these was the skinfold method including the abdomen, subscapular, and triceps regions, and the other method was the indirect body composition determination using waist, and neck circumferences using the equations. The results showed that there were significant differences between the calculation results of equations for both the thin group and also heavy group. However, while the rate of error difference in the calculations of the two equations obtained from skinfold and body circumference measurements was low in the heavy group (Standard estimation mistake (SEM) Range;2.6 %BF – Difference 16.5%), it was significantly higher in the thin group (SEM Range; 4.7 %BF - Difference 51.6%). The Skinfold equation was significantly underestimated for both groups when compared to the circumferential equation results. The findings showed that the field methods used in this study could be insufficient and, misleading to determine the body composition of young candidate wrestlers.
Aikido’s choku tsuki motor skill: validation checklist
Authors: Gemas Estefan , Gomes Fábio , Corrêa Umberto Cesar
Published: April 2023

Assessment is an essential procedure for any professional intervention, including in physical education and sports contexts. It concerns a process of collecting information that allows accessing the state of practitioners in relation to desired teaching-learning or training behaviors. Recently, the focus on assessment instruments has been extended to the martial arts contexts, whose studies have shown that the assessment instruments have been recognized by experts of different martial arts not only in relation to access of specific performances, but also as a means of promoting the practitioner's knowledge and motivation. The present study sought to develop and validate a checklist for an aikido’s motor skill: the choku tsuki. For content validation, the evaluators were 17 aikido experts, with at least 7 years of experience, all black belts (n = 6 (6th dan); n = 2 (5th dan); n = 3 (3rd dan); n = 5 (2nd dan); n = 2 (1st dan)). And, for the reliability test, there were four participants (n = 1 (5th dan); n = 2 (2nd dan); n = 1 (1st dan)). Ten adolescents, all inexperienced in the practice of jo, male (n = 7) and female (n = 3), whose ages ranged from 14 to 16 years old also participated as performers. At least 70% of the aikido experts evaluated the items as clear, adequate and technically viable for application in research contexts. The intra and inter-rater correlation indexes reached at least 0.90. It can be concluded that the choku tsuki assessment instrument is reliable, since it reached significant values ​​in the reliability and objectivity indices.
Hubungan Picky Eating Dengan Status Gizi Anak Usia Prasekolah Di Desa Lokus Stunting
Authors: Roza Mulyani  , Sutrio  , Usdeka Muliani  , Mindo Lupiana
Published: April 2023

Anak usia prasekolah sering terjadi berbagai permasalahan asupan makanan, salah satunya yaitu picky eating dan menjadi salah satu penyebab dari timbulnya masalah gizi pada anak yaitu tidak seimbangnya antara pemasukan dan kebutuhan gizi yang mempengaruhi status gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan perilaku picky eating dengan status gizi pada anak usia prasekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah anak usia prasekolah yang berada di desa lokus stunting Sidodadi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah  sebanyak 34 anak usia 3-5 tahun. Data yang digunakan berupa data primer yang diperoleh secara langsung melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner picky eating, dan status gizi melalui pengukuran antropometri berupa tinggi badan dan berat badan. Analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisa univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil penelitian terdapat  23,5% atau sebanyak 8 orang mengalami picky eating, dengan status gizi mayoritas baik. Hasil uji statistik tidak terdapat hubungan antara perilaku picky eating dengan status gizi, dg p value : 0,655. Disaran kan anak dengan picky eating sebaiknya diberikan perhatian lebih dalam pemberian asupan makan agar mampu mempertahankan status gizi dalam keadaan normal.
Faktor Yang Berkaitan Terhadap Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan Dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien
Authors: Bunga Tiara Carolin  , Dayan Hisni  , Siti Nurholisah
Published: April 2023

Mutu pelayanan kesehatan erat hubungannya dengan kepuasan pelanggan oleh karena itu semakin baik mutu pelayanan semakin puas pula pelanggan menggunakan pelayanan kesehatan yang disediakan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan mutu pelayanan Kesehatan dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Di Puskesmas Kecamatan Rajeg Kabupaten Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien yang mendaftar pada loket pendaftaran di Puskesmas Kecamatann Rajeg Tahun 2019, dengan jumlah sampel 133 responden.Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan Accidental Sampling.Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada semua pasien yang berkunjung untuk berobat ke Puskesmas. . Uji statistic yang digunakan adalah uji Chi Square. Dari hasil penelitian ini terdapat 55,6 % pasien yang puas terhadap pelayanan tersebut, 54,1 % mendapatkan mutu pelayanan yang baik. Hasil uji statistic menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara mutu pelayanan kesehatan dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien p-value = 0.000. Simpulannya terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara mutu pelayanan kesehatan dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien, sarannya diharapkan kepada Puskesmas Kecamatan Rajeg dapat mempertahankan mutu pelayanan yang sudah ada, agar setiap pasien yang datang berkunjung mendapatkan kepuasan atas pelayanan yang diberikan sesuai dengam harapan pasien