bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Traditional Wooden House in Bucovina, a Model for Durability
Authors: Corduban Calin Gabriel , Polastri Andrea
Published: September 2013

The wooden house in Bucovina evolved over hundreds if not thousands of years of permutations and assimilations to reach, by the end of the XIXth century, a coherent and rich original style that was diffused throughout the region. With a name derived from the Slavic word buk that means beech, the region thus named land of beech trees has always been and continues to be a very rich source of wood. Unsurprisingly, this was the material of choice for the houses in the land. Constructed entirely in wood, including apparent beams to the interior and exterior and wood shingles for the roof, the traditional house in Bucovina elevated the craftsmanship of woodwork to the level of an art. This is obvious when analyzing the constructive details or the ornaments that adorn the windows or the columns of the porch. Similar to the houses of the Moldavian region, on which the style originates, the pattern for the house in Bucovina implies larger dimensions, due to the abundance of the material, larger windows, classical proportions and the use of specific decorative elements. The wooden houses evolved for thousands of years, so the people who built them got an empirical knowing of the material that helped them adopt in time the best measures to insure the durability of the constructions.
This article analyses the style characteristics of the house in Bucovina and focuses on the means of constructions that ensured the durability of this dwellings. It is with the purpose of learning from a historical pattern that proved its durability in time and establishing the rules for constructing today with the same material and in the same climatic conditions, those of Bucovina.
Learning from Case Studies: Timber Tower of Gospić Cathedral and Traditional Timber Church
Authors: Stepinac Mislav , Rajčić Vlatka , Čizmar Dean
Published: September 2013

The conservation of historical timber structures requires both the knowledge of structural behavior of complete building and behavior of any single element in structure. Because of a poor communication between the institutions involved in the conservation and restoration of buildings and institutions that urgently require renovation of structures, renovation of historic buildings is often performed inappropriately due to engineering and architectural approach. Buildings are frequently subjected to inappropriate interventions, replacements of structural elements, or even worse, they are demolished. First case study in this paper is Cathedral from Gospic city which was subjected to inappropriate reconstruction in 1990s. Second case study is small traditionally constructed timber chapel in village Lijevi Stefanki which represents a valuable monument of rural cultural heritage.
A Historical Large Span Timber Construction - Refurbishment of the Main Cupola of Vienna University of Technology
Authors: Jaksch Stefan , Fadai Alireza , Winter Wolfgang
Published: September 2013

We present the refurbishment work on a 200-year-old timber structure the principal cupola on top of the main building of the Vienna University of Technology (VUT). Retrofitting plans for this structure included a different use of the space underneath the cupola and leaving the ancient timber construction visible. This called for an examination of the quality of the ancient wood material, the development of modern safety concepts for fire and earthquake incidents within the modified use scenario, additional constructional measures to fulfil the requirements of these new concepts and doing an up-to-date structural analysis following the regulations given by the Eurocodes.
Investigation about the Decay of the Timber Structure of an Ancient Wine Cellar in La Rioja (Spain) and Sanitation Proposal
Authors: Lozano Martínez–Luengas Alfonso , Guaita Fernández Manuel , Lorenzo Fouz David , Benito Ayúcar Josu
Published: September 2013

In 2011 the collapse of one of the timber pillars that form the structure of the centuries-old warehouse of maceration that the firm "Bodegas Bilbaínas, S. A." helds in the town of Haro (La Rioja), occurred.This paper describes the most significant pathological processes existing in this nave, associated mainly to its wooden components.Then, according to the level of decay, the assessment of the damage in the different elements of the timber frame through nondestructive testing is analyzed, including the constructive and environmental conditions of the cellar.Finally, based on the results obtained, it is proposed the repair process and the design measures necessary to preserve the timber structure, taking into account the heritage significance and the extension of the harm of their components.
Study on Silk Fibroin D-Mannose Blend Films
Authors: Hou Jing , Qian Qiao Fen , Zhang Shan Shan , Shen Yi Yun , Lu Shen Zhou
Published: September 2013

The preparation and properties of different proportion of D-mannose-fibroin membrane were studied in this paper. The change of crystal structure of silk fibroin (SF) in the process of becoming insoluble by adding D-mannose was studied. The blend silk fibroin films were casted by silk fibroin solutions mixing with D-mannose at a series of ratios at room temperature. The solubility, structure, and mechanical properties of the blend films were measured. The results show that with the content of D-mannose increasing, the solubility decreases. The blend films became insoluble when the mass ratios of D-mannose /SF are more than 1/10. The crystalline structure of SF is mostly changed into Silk I and there was almost no Silk II structure. Mechanical properties indicated that D-mannose could significantly improve the flexibility of silk films. With the good transmittance, D-mannose/SF blend membrane can be used in corneal tissue engineering.
Research on the Dynamic-Elegance Property of Fabric
Authors: Zhang Yu Ti , Xue Dao Shun , Liu Li Na
Published: September 2013

Fabric deformation performance is an index that characterizes the dynamic performance of the fabric. However there is no separate study about fabric deformation performance. According to morphological wave data measured by fabric deformation testing device made by ourselves, we have determined to cluster analysis fabric deformation performance with the following six indicators, that is, the wavelength of the first half-wave, amplitude, half-wave area, shape coefficients, amplitude attenuation coefficient, and the number of half-wave, and also have done comparative analysis of deformation characteristics of four types of fabric. The results showed that the six indicators can measure the different kinds of fabric’s deformation characters much better, and showed that the weight of per square meter of fabrics and bending rigidity have influenced significantly. The research results have a realistic meaning for fabric processing technology and the rational use
Analysis of Raw Silk Fineness Series and the Fine Limit Point
Authors: Tao Ting Ting , Wang Huan , Fei Wan Chun
Published: September 2013

In this thesis, the fineness and the size are measured, in order to analyze and compare them. The fineness is measured with the cross-sectional area and the size is measured with traditional gravimetric method. The section shape of raw silk is assumed be approximately elliptical, and the diameters of different grade raw silk are measured in mutual perpendicular directions with Fiber fineness instrument, which connects microscope with computer, and the shapes and diameters of raw silk can be directly watched and measured on the computer screen. Meanwhile the weights of the corresponding segments of the raw silk are weighed. The raw silk fineness series and size series are analyzed through statistic parameters such as the expectation, variance, auto-correlation coefficient, correlation coefficient. And the difference between different grades of raw silk is analyzed. The result of this study is useful for improvement of raw silk reeling process and inspection of raw silk quality.
Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Polystyrene Fibrous Membranes via Electrospinning
Authors: Zhu Xin Sheng , Gao Qiang , Pan Zhi Juan , Liu Ying
Published: September 2013

Polystyrene (PS) ultrafine fibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning. The effects of PS molecular weightand auxiliary electrode on jet splitting behavior, fiber morphology and mechanical properties of the fiber nonwovens were investigated. The jet splitting behavior was examined by high-speed camera, the fiber morphology was observed with scanning electron microscopy, the mechanical properties of the membranes were measured with universal tensile machine. The results showed that, the stable jet length, the fiber diameters and the density of the mats are all increased in the presence of auxiliary electrode. The increase of polymer molecular weight postpones jet splitting, and enlarges fiber diameters and elevates the tensile strength of the membranes. Heat treatments of the membranes both at atmospheric pressure and high pressure significantly promote conglutination among filaments and heighten the tensile strength. The presence of solvent molecules in the fiber mats impairs mechanical properties to some extent when the two heat treatment modes are contrasted.
Preparation of Hydroxypropyl Chitosan Nanoparticles and their Application in Antheraea Pernyi Silk Treatment
Authors: Lu Yan Hua , Liu Zhi Mei , Cheng De Hong
Published: September 2013

In this work, a water soluble chitosan derivative, hydroxypropyl chitosan (HCS) of low molecular weigh was synthesized with chitosan and epoxypropane under the alkaline condition by the heterogeneous reaction. HCS nanoparticles was further prepared through ion-gel technologies. The particles were characterized in terms of size and surface charge measurement, and both analysis showed nanoparticles of mean hydrodynamic diameter around 40 nm and positive zeta potential value +41.7 mV. When the HCS nanoparticles were applied toAntheraea pernyi(A. perny) silk fabric treatment in the presence of 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid and sodium hypophosphite by a conventional pad-dry-cure process, the antibacterial properties of treated fabrics were evaluated against test bacteriaS. aureusandE . coliaccording to the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) method. The results indicated that the HCS nanoparticles treated fabric showed over 95% bacterial reduction before laundering and over 90% bacterial reduction even after 20 and 50 launderings againstS. aureusandE. coli. The treatment ofA. pernyisilk fabric with HCS nanoparticles also strengthened the wrinkle resistant property. Moreover, the treatedA. pernyisilk fabric was also given durable wrinkle resistant property even after 20 and 50 launderings. The whiteness of the silk fabric changed a little.
Synthesis of Cationic Bolaform Surfactant and its Application Performance of as Levelling Agent
Authors: Zhang Jun Jun , Wang Xiang Rong
Published: September 2013

Dodecane-1,12-bis (oxy-2-hydroxy-propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) (DBA2-12), which belongs to the cationic bolaform surfactants, was synthesized by two-step reactions in this study. The structure of the product was characterized by IR. The IR spectra showed the characteristic bands corresponding to the stretching vibration of C-N, C-O, and-OH groups. The influence of DBA2-12 on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the dyeing of acrylic fibers with cationic yellow X-5GL were investigated. The results showed that the bolaform surfactant had significant retarding effect for cationic dye, the dyeing rate constant and equilibrium dye-uptake was decreased, half-dyeing time was increased by the addition of surfactant DBA2-12. Meanwhile,surfactant DBA2-12 declined the partition coefficient,affinity and dye saturation value. It is concluded that bolaform surfactant DBA2-12 can be used to control dyeing rate of cationic dyes on acrylic fibers.
Research on Building the Preference Model of Seamless Badminton Sportswear Based on the Conjoint Analysis
Authors: Fang Fang , Chen Yu'e , Lu Hong
Published: September 2013

Conjoint analysis is a method for estimating the relative importance of product attributes and utilities of different levels of a defined product. This research focused on finding out about the concerned attributes and preferable levels of professional badminton sportswear when purchasing and then building the preference models of seamless badminton sportswear. Two questionnaire surveys had been done in this research. Questionnaire I is the basis for getting the top ten attributes that target customers concerns when purchasing. Combined the top ten attributes with development direction, questionnaire II was designed for conjoint analysis study. Totally 20 respondents willing to buy professional badminton sportswear were asked to give his/her purchase intent score for 18 hypothetical product profiles derived from orthogonal design. As results of conjoint analysis study showed, the most preferred levels are light color, tight fitness, raglan sleeve, seamless-knit, good tactility, good moisture absorption and ￥299~400. The preference model of seamless badminton sportswear can be two kinds: relatively higher price and relatively lower price. They all have good cost performance and the relatively higher kind has good moisture absorption and good tactility, the relatively lower kind has preferable good moisture plus anti-bacteria and preferably tactility.
Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Hippo Pathway Related Major Genes of Silkworm (Bombyx mori)
Authors: Qian Ying , Liu Jia Bin , Cao Guang Li , Xue Ren Yu , Gong Cheng Liang
Published: September 2013

Hippo kinase cascade shared by a variety of multicellular animals is appreciated as a signaling pathway which aims to inhibit the growth of cells and it is very conservative during evolution. Recent studies have confirmed that the Hippo signal pathway functions in cancer, tissue regeneration as well as stem cell regulation. The silkworm Bombyx mori is a model of Lepidopteran insect, little is known regarding genes related to Hippo kinase cascade. In the present study, the sequences of major genes related to Hippo pathway are obtained successfully in silkworm, B. mori, by in silico cloning or RT-PCR, including BmHop, BmSav, BmMats, BmWts and BmYki. The deduced amino acid sequences of the genes were aligned with those of other species, although the sequence identities of these proteins from different species were not high, the conserved domains were prominent, suggesting that the roles of Hippo pathway in the silkworm are similar to those in other species. These results has laid an important foundation for the further understanding and clarifying the function of the Hippo signaling pathway in silkworm.
The Extraction of Song Brocade's Characteristic Elements and the Application in Fashion Design
Authors: Tang Hai Yang , Chen Ying
Published: September 2013

In order to inherit and develop the valuable heritage of Chinese traditional clothing cultural-Song Jin, the characteristic elements, patterns and colors of Song Jin, were extracted. Summarized that the common themes of Song Jin were geometry, flowers, animals, utensils and meteorological theme and the Four Dayun, Six Dayun and Eight Dayun of geometry themes were the most classical patterns among all these themes; the common color combinations were divided into three categories. The first was the combination of harmonic colors which based on the yellow tone. The second was the combination of harmonic colors which based on the grey or blue-grey tone and used the reddish violet and blue as ornaments. The third often used the combination of contrasting colors which usually chose bright red, green and orange to highlight the main prints. On this basis, explore how to use the two characteristic elements in fashion design.
Research on Chinese Fashion Luxury Goods Markets and Consumer Groups
Authors: Lu Hong , Chen Yan , Zheng Zhe
Published: September 2013

With the upward climbing of the Chinese fashion luxury goods market for about 30 years, China have become one of the world's biggest markets. This situation makes the research on the Chinese fashion luxury goods markets and consumer groups instructive. In this paper, the formation and development of Chinese luxury goods market were represented and analyzed. By using the methods of internet questionnaires and depth interview the consumer groups segmentation of Chinese fashion luxury goods were researched, 10 groups were got and their respective expectation elements of fashion luxury goods were researched and obtained. Some suggestions were given as reference to the design and marketing promotion of fashion luxury goods in China.
Research on the Relationship between Color Thread Coverage Rate on the Surface of Yarn Dyed Fabric and its Color Saturation of Mixed Colors
Authors: Li Qi Zheng , Jin Xiao Ke , Xu Shi Yong , Zhu Cheng Yan
Published: September 2013

In order to study the saturation control of space juxtaposition mixed colors of yarn dyed fabrics with different warp and weft colors, this paper takes the fabric variety with 6-color warp and 3-color weft for example, designed 7 kinds of weaves with gradual change of floating length with red, green and blue and makes them into fabric samples; then, puts forward the methods of posterization of digital fabric pictures and histogram statistics for counting the coverage rate of color thread on yarn dyed fabric surface, through which a more accurate result can be obtained than theoretical calculation; In the end, conducts color test on 21 fabric samples with Digieye digital color measurement system, which shows that the saturation (C*) of mixed colors of fabric samples has a good linear relationship with the coverage rate of color thread on yarn dyed fabric surface, with the linear correlation coefficient of 0.90333.
The Material and Technology of the Chu Embroidery
Authors: Liu Yong Qing
Published: September 2013

The Material and Technology of the Chu Embroidery which, in the Spring and Autumn Period, is a Shining Pearl in Chinese Traditional Decorative-Arts Treasury Plays a Vital Role in the Chu Embroidery System. it is Not only a Crucial Support for its Art Level but also a Reflection of the Advanced Embroidery Production Technology in Chu for the Time. the Article Firstly Analyzes the Characteristics of Backing Fabric Used in Chu’s Embroidery which is Different from that of Previous Dynasties, which can Reflect the Blooming in Silk Industry in Chu. the Art of Embroidery just make Silk Industry Better. the Article also Specifies Details of Chu’s Embroidery Technology, and Elaborates Features and Advanced Techniques Involved in the Dyeing Technology, the Painting Technology as well as the Stitching Technology.
The Market Research of Antibacterial Textiles
Authors: Wu Dong Yan , Liu Shuai , Bai Xiu E , Zhang Wei Guo
Published: September 2013

As the national quality of life is increasing, theres a growing number of people who prefer to select the textiles with certain functionality rather than purchase the one simply as a warm or aesthetics. This paper centers on antimicrobial textiles and uses the form of a questionnaire combining with the basic requirements of people in the choice of functional textiles to identify the factors that influence consumers’ purchasing of antibacterial textiles, which provides the basis for more extensive application of antimicrobial textiles.
The Application of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation in the Bias Cut Fabric Choice
Authors: Jing Li , Chao Chen
Published: September 2013

To establish the evaluation model of the garment fabric, the method of fuzzy system theory was used to value the the mechanical properties of one bias cut garment’s the fabric and improved gray correlation degree analysis was used to calculate the weight of each properties index. The subjective judgment on fabric was quantitatively processed, which further refine the complex optimal selection of fabric problem and provided a new way for the optimization of garment fabrics.
Analysis of Cocoon and Silk Quality of Trimolter Silkworms Induced by Anti-Juvenile Hormone
Authors: Niu Rui He , Wu Zhi Ping , Yin Pei Feng , Wang Guo He , Tan Jian Zhong
Published: September 2013

Trimolter silk fiber has special economic value and bright prospect in terms of developing the distinctive silk textile of high quality. In this research, the trimolters were induced by AJH (Jinlu inducer) using two races of silkworms (Qiufeng×Baiyu and Liangguang NO.2) as materials, and their cocoon and silk quality differences were investigated with single cocoon reeling test The results showed that the cocoon filament denier were different because of silkworm races and treatment periods The cocoon filament deniers from the controls, 3rd instar and 4th instar treatment groups of Liangguang NO.2 were 2.64 D, 1.45D and 0.78 D, while the cocoon filament deniers of Qiufeng×Baiyu were 2.47 D, 1.75 D and 1.01 D, respectively. Compared with the controls, the breakage strength of silk fiber from 3rd instar treatment groups of Qiufeng×Baiyu and Liangguang NO.2 enhanced 109.6 % and 145.2 %, on the contrary, that of 4th instar treatment groups declined to 70.3 % and 43.6 %. Additionally, sericin tended to decrease after the treatment of AJH. These results showed that fine filament silk with high quality could be produced in the early stage of 3rd instar induced by AJH, which was superior to that of tetramolters, and the super fine filament silk can be produced in the stage of 4th instar induced by AJH.
The Application of Digital Printing Technology in Modern Silk Garments
Authors: Wang Bing Zi , Chen Ying
Published: September 2013

Mainly from the perspectives of technology, design and application, this paper studied how to take use of digital printing technology to make silk garments feature more modern aesthetic value, and expand the application space of silk fabrics in modern clothing. Through the investigation of the whole production process currently, this paper gave a summary of the status quo and existing problems of digital positioning printing on cutting pieces, and put forward an optimization of the overall design and production process. A simulating practical production process in CAD software is applied to verify the optimized process.
It is considered that the rise of digital printing technology pulls the direction of fashion design toward the Eastern from the Western system, the former one focusing on decorative patterns and the later on perspective and structure. The aim of this paper is to promote new thinking and develop silk fabrics and silk clothing, which have more modern aesthetic value, through the investigation of the application of digital printing technology in modern silk clothing, so as to make silk the symbol of Chinese civilization recover its vitality.
Influence of Layer Configuration on Protecting Effect of Thermal Protective Clothing Containing PCM
Authors: Xu Jing Yu , Sun Yu Chai , Li Xiao Xiao , Chen Rou Xi
Published: September 2013

Under high temperature condition, determination of phase transition temperature and combination of PCM layer with the other layers affect the thermal buffering properties of the protective clothing. In this paper, Body-clothing-environment temperature gradient was analyzed. Related data was obtained from the dressing experiments. After that, phase transition temperature range of the protective clothing was determined. Temperature and humidity of human skin and microclimate were tested respectively with different positions of PCM layer. Finally, the optimization layer configuration was suggested.
Design and Shielding Effectiveness of Electromagnetic Shielding Textiles
Authors: Liu Yan Su , Chen Guo Hua
Published: September 2013

.In order to design better anti-radiation and electromagnetic shielding fabric and the clothing and makes it maintained better of electromagnetic shield effectiveness, the influence of radiation source, radiation distance, anti-electromagnetic radiation material, fabric structure, gap size, holes area, clothing exposed area as well as the tunnel effect and so on the fabric radiation protection performance were comprehensively discussed in this article. As well, according to these influence factor analysis the regular conditions that the electromagnetic shielding fabric and garment design should be meet. The analysis result indicated that the shielding effectiveness of the fabric was decreased with the increase of the radiant frequency, the fabric slit size, the hole area and enhanced with the growing of the metal content, the organizational structure close degree as well as the radiation distance.In the case of the equal shielding effect, the bigger exposed area leads weaker electromagnetic shielding effectiveness and if the exposed area oversize can cause the shield effect vanished. Also the clothing shield potency was related to the opening radius, the length, the inside and outside dielectric constant, the permeability of the shirt or cuff. The comprehensive effectiveness of electromagnetic shielding fabrics will be gradually improved if they can meet these regular conditions continually.
Preparation and Characterization of Biomimetic Mesoporous Bioactive Glass-Silk Fibroin Composite Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Lei Cai Hong , Feng Xin Xing , Xu Ya Yang , Li Yue Rong , Zhu Hai Lin , Chen Jian Yong
Published: September 2013

Three-dimensional (3D) mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) scaffolds were obtained by using the demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and P123 as co-templates through a dip-coating method followed by evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) process. 3D mesoporous bioactive glass-silk fibroin (MBG/SF) composite scaffolds were prepared by immersing MBG scaffolds into SF solutions with different concentration. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field mission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WA-XRD) were used to analyze the inner pore structures, pore sizes, morphologies and composition of the scaffolds. The in vitro bioactivity of the scaffolds was evaluated by soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF). The results showed that the MBG and MBG/SF composite scaffolds with the interconnected macroporous network and mesoporous walls could be obtained by this method. In addition, both the MBG scaffolds and the MBG/SF composite scaffolds have excellent apatite-forming bioactivity. Therefore, this method provides a simple way to prepare scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
Research on Anti-UV and Anti-Bacterial Properties of Multi-Functional Finishing on Silk Fabric with Nano-MgO
Authors: Wang Wen Li , Yi Ting Juan , Zhou Yu Jun , Chen Guo Hua
Published: September 2013

In this thesis, stable nanoMgO particles were prepared by precipitation process, using analytical pure MgCl2·6H2O and NH3·H2O as the raw materials, which MgCl2 as the source of magnesium and NH3·H2O as the precipitating agent. The dispersant of PAAS and SHMP in appropriate dosage was also needed. The nanoMgO particles were characterized by using techniques such as Infrared Spectroscopy, Absorbance Determination, Scanning Electron Microscopy and tested by Laser Particle Size Analyzer. The nanoMgO finishing agent is prepared in the condition of ultrasonic oscillation by optimized processes which involve the choosing of appropriate dispersant. Finally, the good UV protection and antibacterial silk fabrics was obtained through functional finishing by impregnating process on silk fabrics under treated by peregal-O. This work lays a foundation for the research and application of nanoscale finishing agent preparation with the low cost. The results showed that the stability of prepared nanoMgO particles is considerable, the durability of the finished fabrics is satisfactoried.
The Effect of Temperature on the Water Quality of Lake
Authors: Li Hong Yi , Xu Jin , Xu Rui Qing
Published: September 2013

Aiming at the increasing trend of pollution in Tianyin Lake watershed, more and more studied were carried out in order to alleviate lake eutrophication. COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand), TN(total nitrogen), DO (Dissolved Oxygen), NH4+-N (ammonium nitrogen), NO2--N (nitrite nitrogen) and PO43--P (phosphate) were measured for almost one month. The results showed that With the water temperature increasing, the DO concentration decreased; ammonia, nitrate,total nitrogen, COD, and phosphate increased; it had no effect on the nitrite concentration. This information was helpful in providing the basis for theoretical basis of effective management of lakes.
Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Carbamate Regeneration Membrane by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Wang Xu , Wu Hai Yan , Yin Cui Yu
Published: September 2013

The regenerated cellulose carbamate membranes were prepared by the phase inversion process. The structure and properties of the regenerated cellulose carbamate membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Besides, the effects of the casting solution concentration and the coagulation bath concentration on the mechanical property of regenerated cellulose carbamate membrane were discussed.
Study on Anti-Bacterial Activity of Extractive Fractions of Hemp Stalk
Authors: An Li Xia , Hao Xin Min , Wang Jian Ming , Han Li , Yang Yuan
Published: September 2013

The hemp-stalk powders exhibit a certain degree of antibacterial properties, the antibacterial rate is about 41% against Staphylococcus aureus, about 74% against E. coli, about 50% on against Candida albicans respectively. Extract the hemp-stalk powders with petroleum ether, ethyl ether, ethanol, 75% ethanol, water, the order of solvents were ranked by the polarity. The effective antibacterial ingredients in hemp could be extracted with petroleum ether, ethanol, 75% ethanol by the horizontal comparison of antibacterial rates and antibacterial changing rates.
Extraction of Hemicellulose from Corn Stover by KOH Solution Pretreatment and its Characterization
Authors: Zhou Jing Hui , Zhang Jun Ying , Li Hai Ming , Sun Guang Wei , Liang Fu Zheng
Published: September 2013

In this work, hemicellulose was extracted from corn stover by pretreatment with potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution, and the influences of pretreatment conditions on hemicellulose extraction were investigated. The dissolution rate of xylan from the raw material was used to indicate the extraction yield of the hemicellulose. The results showed that under the conditions of temperature 85 °C, alkali concentration 6%, liquor/solid ratio 8:1 and time 120 min, high xylan extraction yield of 43.74% (based on the xylose content of raw material) was achieved. The content of saccharides and uronic acids in the hemicellulose was 80.22%. The hemicellulose was characterized by FT-IR and TG/DTG after being separated from the hydrolysates by precipitation of the neutralized hydrolysate with 3 times volumes of ethanol.
Research Progress on the Reduction and Utilization of RO Concentrated Brine from Desalination Plants
Authors: Li Wei Xing , Ma Jing Huan , Liu Ying , Ren Qing Tong , Ma Zhan Sheng
Published: September 2013

Reverse Osmosis (RO) is an effective method to get fresh water from seawater or brackish water. The uncontrolled discharge of RO concentrated brine can contaminate water aquifers and damage marine ecosystems. The techniques to treat or utilize the rejected brine are the research focus in recent years. This paper tried to give an overview of latest development in this filed in order to provide references for its actual application in large-scale engineering.
Key Parameter Function of Wine Cushioning Package of Honeycomb Paper Core
Authors: Huang Shuai Jun , Wu Jian , Du Yan Ping
Published: September 2013

This paper presents methods of cushioning package design. The analysis of existing shortcoming is made when the maximum accelerationstatic stress curve (what is called curve) is applied to the cushion package design, at the same time ,the principle and method steps to get curve are briefly introduced when the stressenergy method is used .the function between the key parameters of cushioning package design is acquired by the stressenergy method .By comparing the data produced with matlab software with the real experimental ones in some paper, the possibilities to get curve of casual drop height and cushion thickness by one-time experiment to get curve with stress-energy method is demonstrated. Based on the function of key parameters of cushioning package acquired, the reversed cushioning package design method is carried out.
Strengths of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Fir Sawdust Panel
Authors: Liu Hua Wu , Xie Kai Fang , Hu Wei Wei , Sun Han , Yang Shu Wei , Yang Tian Yang
Published: September 2013

Wood composite is weak under heavy loadings, which was improved by reinforcing basalt fibres. In this study, chopped basalt fibres with different lengths (5mm, 10mm, 15mm and 20mm) were mixed with fir sawdust at 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% weight fractions to produce basalt fiber reinforced fir sawdust panels. The reinforced panels showed improved strength values. A maximum bending strength value of 44.1 MPa was obtained when the mean length of chopped basalt fiber was 15mm and the weight fraction was 2.5%. The tensile strength reached a maximum value of 17.4MPa when the mean length of basalt fiber was 10mm and the weight fraction was 10%. Compared with the unreinforced fir sawdust panel group, the reinforced panel group increased bending strength 60.7% and had a 47.5% increase in tensile strength. These findings demonstrate that basalt fibre has very promising prospects for strength improving.
Elastoplastic Model of UHMWPE/LDPE Thermoplastic Composites in Transverse Tensile Direction
Authors: Li Li , Yan Xiong , Zhang Hui Ping , Zhuang Xing Min
Published: September 2013

UHMWPE/LDPE thermoplastic composites present obvious plastic deformation in the off-axis direction, especially in the transverse direction. In this paper, the elastoplastic property of UHMWPE/LDPE composites in transverse tensile direction was studied. Mises yield potential plastic model was used as the plastic model, together with a power hardening law to analyze the plastic behavior of UHMWPE/LDPE composite in transverse direction. Abaqus software and subroutine UMAT were used to simulate the tensile property of UHMWPE/LDPE composites, and the simulation results are accordance with the experiment results very well.
Study on Pre-Hydrolysis Technology of Reed Artificial Fiber Pulp
Authors: Han Ying , Song Xin , Xia Xiao Ming , Li Hai Ming , Sun Guang Wei
Published: September 2013

The main materials of artificial fiber pulp are natural fiber from wood and linters etc. However, it will be more and more difficult to make this pulp in China because of the scarcity of forest resource and cotton field. Reed is widely distributed with high yield in china. Therefore, exploitation and utilization of reed in artificial fiber pulping have an important social significance.
The artificial pulp made from reed was studied in this paper. The pulping method adopted pre-hydrolysis followed by Kraft cooking. The results showed that the great influence factors of pre-hydrolysis were the highest temperature and holding time. The optimal pre-hydrolysis conditions were: 175 °C, 75min, solid-to-liquid ratio 1:6. Under the conditions, semi-slurry yield was 60.8%. Compared with the chemical composition of reed materials, the pentosan decreased from 20.33% to 7.37%, the lignin decreased from 26.46% to 21.14%, ash decreased from 5.56% to 4.05%, besides the relative holocellulose increased from 75.95% to 81.26%. The dissolving pulp obtained after cooking and bleaching of semi-slurry met with pulp performance index requirement.
Preparation and Property Study of PANI/PET Composite Conductive Fabric
Authors: Zhang Bao Hong , Xue Tao , Meng Jia Guang
Published: September 2013

Polyester fabric is prone to static charging. Its decay rate is small and static phenomenon is serious. Therefore, the polyester products are usually modified. Polyaniline (PANI) is a conductive polymer and it has many advantages. Polyester (PET) fabric was treated with alkali and low temperature plasma. Polyaniline/Poly (ethylene terephthalate) composite conductive fabric was prepared though an in-situ polymerization process using aniline as monomer. The structural properties of PANI/PET composite conductive fabric were studied and characterized. After alkali deweighting and low temperature plasma, a film made of PANI on the surface of PANI/PET composite conductive fabric was formed easily.
Research of Strontium Silicate Modified Zinc Oxide Thermal Control Coatings
Authors: Yue Xiaoan , Zhang Zheng Quan , Wang En Ze , Xia Song Qin
Published: September 2013

Thermal control coatings (TCCs) play an important role in thermal management of spacecrafts and satellites by their thermo-optical properties. In this research, the novel TCCs were prepared by incorporating the self-made strontium silicate and zinc oxide into the potassium silicate binder. The effects of strontium silicate on phase composition, microstructure and optical performance of TCCs were studied using scanning electron microscope and spectroreflectometer. The results show that: strontium silicate can improve near infrared band (1000~2400nm) spectra reflectance. Compared with traditional zinc oxide TCCs, the novel composite coatings enhance the reflectance , and improve the optical properties.
Polymer-Assistant Hydrothermal Synthesis of 2.6 nm-Sized Lead Zirconate Titanate Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Fan , Liu Yang , Su Rui Liang , Shi Li Zhi , Chen Yan Na , Wang Zhan Jie
Published: September 2013

A facile synthesis route for monodispersed lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanoparticles was developed by simple hydrothermal reactions under the assistance of polymer blend including polyvinylalcohol (PVA) and polyacrylate acid (PAA). It was found that PZT particles with an average size of 2.6 nm as well as a very narrow size distribution could be obtained with a 19.0 g/L polymers solution under a low KOH concentration of 2 mol/L at 200 °C for 14 h, indicating that the polymer additives played an important role in controlling the morphology and size of PZT crystals. The simple polymer-assistant hydrothermal synthesis is feasible for the mass production of PZT nanoparticles and is expected to be used in the miniaturization of electronic devices.
Effect of Magnetic and Geometric Properties on the Time of Magnetic Relaxation of Superparamagnetic Core-Shell Nanoparticles
Authors: Afremov Leonid L. , Ilyushin Ilia
Published: September 2013

Within the frame of two-phase superparamagnetic nanoparticles the effect of magnetic and geometric properties of superparamagnetic nanoparicles on the time of their magnetic relaxation has been defined. With increasing of volume, elongation of nanoparticle and relative volume of inclusions the time of relaxation grows rapidly. Metastability conditions of magnetic states have been developed. Growth of exchange constant magnitude of interphase interaction results in increasing of relaxation time regardless of exchange constant sign.
Keywords: superparamagnetic particles, core-shell nanoparticles, relaxation time, magnetic states, critical field, metastable magnetic states, interphase exchange interaction.
Analysis Performance of Protein Modified Cellulose Fiber
Authors: Yang Li , Bi Song Mei , Zhou Lei , Wang Ying Feng
Published: September 2013

In order to compare differences between the structure and properties of pupa protein fiber and rousi fiber ,test morphology and molecular structure of fiber by using optical microscope, X ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) . The results show that:the two kinds of fiber morphology consistent with the ordinary viscose, the pupa protein fiber crystallinity and degree of orientation are higher than the rousi fiber, and rousi fibers contain small amounts of metal elements, the pupa protein fiber mechanical properties, moisture absorption properties and heat resistance are superior to rousi fiber.
The Characteristic of Power Series and its Sum Function on the Convergence Circle
Authors: Ma Sheng , Jiang Qin
Published: September 2013

In the paper, the specific issues is discussed whether or not the points on the convergence circle are the singular point of a sum function of a class of power series. Whats more, the relationship between divergence of the power series on the convergence circle and the pole of its function on the convergence circle is explored. And a new result is obtained that there exists the pole of its function on the convergence circle, the power series has the characteristic of everywhere divergence on the convergence circle.
The Symmetry Related to the Characteristic Function of a Fuzzy Variable
Authors: Ma Sheng , Jiang Qin
Published: September 2013

In the paper, some properties related to characteristic function of a fuzzy variable are discussed based on uncertainty theory.
Working Process Simulation of the Gear Drive System in ADAMS
Authors: Han Xing , Song Hua , Li Chang , Li Yun Fei
Published: September 2013

Gear drive systems have been used widely in mechanical power and motion transmissions, and their mechanical properties and working performances such as vibrations and noise caused by high-speed and heavy-load could influence the whole machines quality. In a traditional analysis, in order to research the effects of different random errors, on gear drive systems vibration and noise we need to do multiple repetitive physical tests, which will take lots of time, labor and financial input to acquire. On the contrary, virtual reliability tests developed recently can take place of the physical tests to analyze the systems dynamic characteristics accurately sometimes (reduce the cost and raise efficiency). In this paper, ADAMS/APDL technology combined with Pro/E software is a successful method to build a total coupled parametric virtual test model of the gear drive system; subsequently, every parts dynamic characteristic curves and data are obtained conveniently, and these will be meaningful for further analysis of the relationship among inputs, systems, and responses.
Identification of Natural Bamboo Fibers and Flax Fibers
Authors: Li Wei Dong , Wang Xin Hou , Peng Li Hua
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the method based on the testing of the Fourier transform near infrared (NIR) spectra is proposed to identify natural bamboo fibers and flax fibers. The discrimination models between natural bamboo fibers and flax fibers are established by means of Ward’s algorithm and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis after the first derivative and vector normalization pretreatment. The verification results indicated that these two kinds of fibers could be classified into two separated groups for the identification and the near infrared spectra model is high accuracy.
Analysis of Elastic Recovery of Women's Seamless-Knitted Gymnastics Clothing
Authors: Jin Zi Min , Xu Jun Qing , Yan Yu Xiu , Tao Jian Wei
Published: September 2013

In order to test the elastic recovery, 25 samples of seamless-knitted women's gymnastics clothing were weaved. They were designed by two factors: fabric weaves and ratios of coolmax / nylon. Empirical results show that the ratios of coolmax / nylon have little effect on elastic recovery at certain elongation and the main influence factor is fabric weaves. 2+1 mock rib fabric performs best on elastic recovery, while mesh fabric performs worst.
Effect of Processing Conditions on Properties of KMnO4-Treated PAN Fibers
Authors: Li Xiang , Liu Chun Yi , Qin Ai Wen , Zhao Xin Zhen , He Chun Ju
Published: September 2013

Plasticized polyacrylonitrile(PAN) fibers have been chemically impregnated with aqueous solution of KMnO4 under varying conditions of temperature and time. The effect of modification conditions on the chemical structure and the mechanical properties of precursor fibers are characterized by wide-angle X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. The experimental results show that KMnO4 can be used not only as catalyst for cyclization reaction, but also as plasticizer. The chemical modification between KMnO4 and PAN can not occur below70°C, the most suitable condition for modification is performed at 80°C for 5 min.
Study on Precision of a DNA Analysis Method for Quantifying Cashmere/Wool Mixture
Authors: Fei Jing , Lu Wei Min , Duan Ji Yuan , Yang Juan , Zhou Zhi Ping , Yu Jie
Published: September 2013

Cashmere is a kind of luxury fiber fine in texture, strong, soft and light. Garment made from it is quite expensive due to its excellent performance and rareness. Thus adulteration and false declaration occurs quite often in industrial chain. We have developed a DNA analysis based method for quantifying cashmere/wool mixture. The goal of the paper is to evaluate the precision of method. Three commercially available woven products claimed to have contained different content of cashmere were employed to finish our tests. Six laboratories with correspondent qualifications were invited to do the texts. Result of data analysis shows DNA analysis is an useful and accurate method for determining the content of cashmere in a cashmere/wool mixture.
Planar Prediction on Spatial Trend of Weft Knitted Fabric Yarns
Authors: Lv Tang Jun , Long Hai Ru
Published: September 2013

As the organization structure of weft-knitted fabrics contains a very complicated spatial structure, it is hard to identify it. In this paper, the indirect identification method is put forward in this paper, the planar prediction on the spatial trend of weft-knitted fabric yarns, in accordance with the double-sided compatible database for structuring the coil level, by means of the SURF algorithm, so as to realize the identification of weft-knitted fabric organization structure.
Study on the Pore Structure of Cotton-Like Polyester Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Li Yun Feng , Huang Li Qian , Yu Jian Yong
Published: September 2013

Porous structure of fabric has a significant impact on the fabric functions such as air permeability, water transport and heat retention. In this article, six knitted fabrics with different blend ratio of cotton-like modified polyester fiber and cotton fiber were prepared. Pore sizes and its distribution of the fabrics were measured by CFP-1100-AI pore diameter tester. Porosity of the fabrics was obtained by three ways respectively, namely loop model method, image method and density method. The results show that the pore diameter of blended knitted fabrics presents an asymmetric distribution, that is, the smaller pores have a greater proportion to the total pores than larger pores. There exists an obvious diameter change in the pore size distribution which indicates the transition from intra-yarn pores to inter-yarn pores. Among the 3 test methods for porosity, the porosity obtained by the image method is much smaller than that of loop model method and density method, but its relationship to the fiber blending ratio is consistent with the variation law of fabric air permeability, which indicates intra-loop pores takes greater impact on air permeability of fabrics. The results of present study can play a theoretical guiding role in comfort property design and product development of cotton-like polyester fabrics.