bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The concept of an electron beam I/O control system to optimize the weld formation in the process of electron beam welding
Authors: Tynchenko V S , Milov A V , Bukhtoyarov V V , Kukartsev V V , Tynchenko V V , Bashmur K A
Published: December 2019

The processes that occur during the electron beam welding are very complex. The main problem of electron beam welding is obtaining a reproducible cross section of the weld. This place is subjected to rigorous quality control during the welding of thin-walled joints. In particular, it is required to solve the problem of the welded joint optimal formation on the electron beam input/output section. The development of the mathematical models for the electron beam input and output modes, their joint use as a justification for the choice of the latter modes will allow a reasonable approach to the seam optimal formation in the area under consideration. In the framework of this study, the concept of an electron beam input-output control system for a weld optimizing in the electron beam welding process is presented. Within the framework of this concept, it mathematical and algorithmic software have to be developed for electron beam welding of thin-walled aerospace structures in terms of the electron beam input/output. Such approach will improve the quality of formed integral joints, as well as reduce the complexity of setting up the technological process of electron beam welding. It has to be developed and verified the mathematical models of temperature distribution under various modes of an electron beam input and output, models for optimizing input and output modes of an electron beam, and a software system prototype using the obtained models.
Neural network controller identification for refining process
Authors: Bukhtoyarov V V , Tynchenko V S , Petrovskiy E A , Bashmur K A , Kukartsev V V , Bukhtoyarova N A
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the task of identifying a neural network controller for the installation of rectification of oil refining production. A rectification process research model is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the controller. The control parameters of the rectification process that are used to identify the controller and evaluate its effectiveness are determined. In a numerical study, the possibility of using a neural network controller to control the rectification process is shown. As a basic option for a comparative study, we used a PID-regulator, which is the standard version in production today. The advantage of a neural network controller in controlling processes in the context of the implementation of various target trajectories is shown. The proposed model of a neural network controller can be adapted and used for computer control of the rectification process.
Modeling of dynamic system “vibratory plate - soil” as an object quality control of compaction
Authors: Emelyanov R T , Prokopev A P , Turysheva E S , Terekhova I I , Tkachenko N A
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we consider an approach to modeling the process of vibrating plate interaction with soil, taking into account the elements of the method of continuous non-destructive testing of the quality of compaction. For a theoretical description of a dynamic system model, the state space method is used. A mathematical model is obtained on the example of a three-mass stacker vibration plate system. A simulation model of the process under study is constructed in the language of the MATLAB/Simulink program. The results of a computer experiment are presented.
The influence of initial parameters of pneumatic accumulator on the dynamic characteristics of the actuator during braking back pressure
Authors: Sirotenko Andrey , Partko Svetlana
Published: December 2019

A pneumatic drive with back pressure braking is considered. The braking energy is recovered to the pneumatic accumulator. A schematic diagram of a regenerative pneumatic drive is given. The question of the influence of the initial parameters of the pneumatic accumulator on the dynamic characteristics of the pneumatic actuator is considered. The following initial parameters were set in the pneumatic accumulator: volume; pressure. The following were evaluated in a pneumatic drive: pressure in cavities before and after braking; output link speed. The energy consumption and speed of the pneumatic drive were determined critically. Graphic dependencies of the dynamic processes of the pneumatic drive are presented. The relationship of the initial parameters of the pneumatic accumulator with the criteria of energy consumption and speed is established.
The document management system as an integration basis for forming a unified data source of information support of a product life-cycle
Authors: Vilkov Yu V , Chernysh B A , Kartamyshev A S , Golovenkin E N , Poturemsky I V
Published: December 2019

The article considers the possibility of organizing a single information space on the basis of a modernized document management system within the technically complex products life cycle, which involves the processing of a large amount of various information. The attention is focused on the fact that in the existing automation systems of various processes for creating products at various stages of the life cycle, the availability, connectivity and consistent storage of data in the corresponding accounting systems are not ensured. A method for organizing data on a product is proposed, and on its basis a tool for implementing a single source in the form of a document management system describes the advantages of its application when integrated into a single information space.
Hybrid tuning of a robotic manipulator controller with a database
Authors: Galemov R T , Masalsky G B
Published: December 2019

In this paper a method of adaptation with hybrid tuning of a robotic manipulator control system with PD controller is considered. The adaptations of the controller parameters and compensating signal are carried out online and independent using modified simplex search algorithms. To increase the performance of the adaptive control system, the values obtained during adaptation process are stored in a database. The database stores these values and the system state, at which they were obtained during the training phase, and in the control phase the database returns the values according to the current state of the system. Efficiency of the proposed methods is verified by simulations. The results show advantage of the adaptive control system with the database.
Equipment for plasma processing in C02
Authors: Ivanov S I , Petrenko A A , Dmitrieva I A , Sakharova O V
Published: December 2019

The article shows the possibility of restoring the internal surfaces of parts and regulating the processes occurring in the plasma stream to create various micro- and nanostructures through the use of a number of design solutions of the plasma torch.
Modelling of liner electro drive in the watergate of hydrotechnical constructions
Authors: Yunusov Rustem , Imomnazarov Azizbek , Mirnigmatov Batir , Ozodov E’zozbek , Abduganiyev Aziz , Nazarov Oybek
Published: December 2019

Electromechanized technological equipment of hydrotechnical constructions is a complex of installations and devices designed to extract water, improve its quality, delivery and distribution between water consumers. Among the problems facing the country’s agribusiness, an important place is occupied by the integrated electro mechanization and automation of technological processes, increasing the operational reliability, efficiency and productivity of machinery and equipment.
Vector analysis of the accuracy of the layout of automatically replaceable systems for delivering laser radiation to the processing zone
Authors: Levashkin D
Published: December 2019

The paper discusses the methodology for calculating the errors in the layout of systems for delivering laser radiation to the processing zone on the example of laser modules of CNC machines. A vector analysis of the accuracy of individual blocks in the composition of such laser modules is performed. A technique is proposed for calculating the error in positioning a laser beam depending on the number and use cases of blocks and their noncollinear axes in the laser module. Errors associated with the laser module used for private technical design, a set of blocks and their kinematic relationships, are considered. The factors affecting the error in the arrangement of transmission devices in the laser radiation processing zone are established. The proposed methodology allows us to solve both the direct and inverse problems of calculating the errors arising during the arrangement of transmission devices in the laser radiation processing zone.
The choice of a method for non-contact assessment of the composition of briquetted charge materials
Authors: Kul’chitskii A A , Kashin D A
Published: December 2019

The issue considered in this paper is concerned with the problem of quality control of non-ferrous briquetted metallurgical materials by volume-weight method. The article reviews and evaluates existing systems of contactless analysis of dimensions and structure of the material. The required accuracy of geometry control is calculated and the possibility of using optical control to determine the dimensions is experimentally confirmed. The choice of the optical system of active type consisting of the camera of technical vision and illumination for the solution of problems of control of the sizes and surface properties of a charge material is proved.
Expert analysis of elements of the diagnostic system for compressor technological equipment
Authors: Bukhtoyarov V V , Zyryanov D K , Bukhtoyarova N A , Tynchenko V S , Kukartsev V V , Bashmur K A
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the problem of diagnosing technological compressor equipment. The typical causes of defects in screw compressors and the causes of their occurrence are considered. The choice of vibration diagnostics sensors to create a system of complex diagnostics of technological equipment is substantiated. The results of expert evaluation of vibration sensors are presented, which determine the most effective solution for the diagnostic system.
Research of biodegradable wood completed composite materials based on polylactide
Authors: Sabirova G A , Safin R R , Galyavetdinov N R , Shaikhutdinova A R
Published: December 2019

Experimental samples of biodegradable composite material based on polylactide and wood filler, subjected to thermal modification, were obtained. When studying the samples a change in such properties as the rate of biodegradation and tensile strength was observed. It has been established that the degree of preliminary thermal treatment of wood filler can control the rate of biodegradation in the material, which can be used in the production of biodegradable packaging. Depending on the desired product life cycle, packages with an adjustable decomposition time can be created. It is found that with an increase in the degree of heat treatment of the filler in a composite material with more than 40 % of polylactide the tensile strength decreases, while with a lower binder content thermal modification has a positive effect on the strength. Also, adding the fillers can significantly reduce the cost of composite material.
Scientific justification of power efficiency of technological process of crushing of forages
Authors: Apazhev A K , Shekikhachev Y A , Hazhmetov L M , Fiaphev A G , Shekikhacheva L Z , Hapov Y S , Hazhmetova Z L , Gabachiyev D T
Published: December 2019

The main consumers of feed grain include industries such as livestock, pig and poultry. For the organization of proper feeding of animals and poultry, the rational use of concentrated feeds, the main component of which are grain and leguminous crops, providing about 50% of protein, is important. Currently, the share of concentrated feed in the total feed balance is more than a third. The efficiency of using feed grain without prior preparation is markedly reduced. The quality of the crushed feed in its granulometric composition exceeds the quality of the feed crushed by any hammer mill, due to the increase in the content of the easily digestible animal and bird fraction and the reduction of the dust fraction, which has a negative effect on the animal’s body. One of the main ways to prepare grain feed for feeding is grinding. During grinding, conditioning, crushing and other operations, the hard shell is destroyed, the availability of nutrients to the action of digestive juices increases, digestibility is accelerated, and more complete absorption of feed energy occurs. Grinding is the most energy-intensive and time-consuming operation, occupying more than half of the total labour costs in the preparation of animal feed. The article provides the scientific rationale for the energy efficiency of the feed grinding process.
The application of factor analysis to determine the functional dependencies of hydrological characteristics in aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Sarkisov S V , Pivovarova I I , Vakunenkov VA , Musatov V I , Sorokin A A
Published: December 2019

The article discusses methods of factor analysis to identify heterogeneity in the conditions of spatial distribution and flow formation in aquatic ecosystems. Various factor analysis algorithms were studied to take into account the conjugate action of many factors. Examples of ranking the established dependencies by the value of their own significance criteria are shown. Deficiencies of factor analysis methods in certain software applications were identified because of a possible incorrect interpretation of the results due to the complexity of the technology. The possibility of using factor analysis tools to describe the spatial structures of hydrological data and identify risk zones associated with the instability of the hydrological regime was identified.
Influence of transport on the ecology of big megapolis
Authors: Bezborodov Yu N , Kovaleva S A , Sokolnikov A N , Shram V G , Lysyannikova N N , Karkashenko A O
Published: December 2019

In this paper we consider the causes of environmental problems of large cities, the impact of transport and technological activities on air pollution. The comparative dynamics of changes in the number of cars in Russia and other countries. The approximate component composition of exhaust gases for carburetor and diesel engines and the conditions of formation of the most toxic substances are analyzed. The reasons of the greatest pollution of the atmosphere by activity of transport and technological infrastructure in the Russian Federation in comparison with the Western countries are revealed. The structure of the automobile fleet of the Russian Federation on norms of toxicity. The ways of minimizing the impact of vehicles on the ecology of megacities by improving the quality of fuel and abandoning the no-alternative monopoly on diesel fuel are proposed. The necessity of modern technologies of oil and gas processing, expansion of opportunities of the fuel market of the country, improvement of its quality and environmental friendliness is revealed. Prospects of use of gas motor fuel are defined.
Analysis of the mechanism of action and functional properties of viscous additives
Authors: Kovaleva M A , Shram V G , Soloviev N E , Lysyannikova N N , Lysyannikov A V , Kravtsova E G
Published: December 2019

In this paper, the mechanism of action of viscous additives based on polymer components is analyzed. The functional properties of the most common viscosity additives on the domestic market were tested: Kerry, LIQUI MOLY Visco-Stabil and Hi-Gear on oils of various basic bases, namely: Visco2000 15w40 mineral motor oil; semi-synthetic engine oil Genesis Lukoil 10w40; synthetic oil Lukoil Lux 5w40. The effectiveness of the additive Kerry in relation to the semi-synthetic engine oil Genesis Lukoil 10w40 has been revealed.
Method for controlling the formation parameters of an elastohydrodynamic layer in rolling bearings
Authors: Shram V G , Kovalsky B I , Kovaleva M A , Lysyannikova N N , Lysyannikov A V , Knyazev K A
Published: December 2019

A study was made of the load properties, namely, the control of the formation parameters of an elastohydrodynamic layer in rolling bearings, a range of linear velocities at which an elastohydrodynamic layer of lubricant is formed taking into account axial and radial loads, properties, purpose of the lubricant and design features of a rolling bearing. The method for controlling the parameters of formation of an elastohydrodynamic layer in rolling bearings allows one to determine the parameters of rolling friction at which an elastohydrodynamic layer is formed on the surfaces of rolling bodies, at which the bearing life is maximum.
Research of high-speed diesel engines of small dimension on biofuel
Authors: Likhanov V A , Lopatin O P
Published: December 2019

The paper substantiates the need for the use of biofuels in diesel engines. It is shown that the choice for diesel alternative biofuel with a perspective should be carried out in accordance with the design features of the engine and during its primary tests. The paper studies such eco-friendly energy sources as methanol, ethanol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil. Methanol, ethanol and methyl ester of rapeseed oil potentially lead to some solutions to environmental problems, as for their production, there are quite abundant resources and these energy sources are characterized by relatively low emissions of harmful substances when burning. The ways of bioethanol production from various raw materials and the process of rapeseed oil methanolysis are considered. Experimental studies of biodiesel operating on alcohol-fuel emulsions, methanol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil were carried out.
The developing program system of social monitoring of road improvement and urban infrastructure
Authors: Obedin A V , Soroka E O , Kukartsev V V , Mikhalev A S , Tynchenko V S , Semenova E I , Bashmur K A
Published: December 2019

In the study, there is considering a problem of monitoring and evaluating the operational status of road network. As the main task, there was highlighted the creating a unified informational center providing a possibility of fixing defects in roadway and poor-quality infrastructure and providing an early warning responsible authorities. The suggested informational system let distribute tasks between contractors and track the work efficiency. To solve the task, there was developed a mobile application for data capture by users and web-service for specialists of responsible authorities united to the “IS MRIB” single information center. In the study, there were describing requirements to the system and using software for implementation. There were use-diagram and interface layouts. To justify the advisability of the system development it was a comparing analysis of analogues and distinguishing advantages of the proposed way. Ways of popularizing mobile application were suggested to increase volume of collecting information.
Content analysis of salts and suspended substances in snow and thawed water
Authors: Dyagelev M Y , Khvorenkov D A , Nepogodin A M , Bazhenov G K , Aleksandrov A I
Published: December 2019

The research article discusses the chemical composition of the anti-icing reagents, and presents the results of studies to determine the content of suspended solids and salts in the snow at different intervals from the edge of the roadside on the main streets of Izhevsk. The following dependence was revealed – a decrease in the concentration of salts and suspended substances in snow samples with distance from the edge of the roadway. The concentration of salts in the samples at different distances from the edge of the roads reached 5822 mg/l. The concentration of suspended solids in snow samples reached 13470 mg/l. It was found that when taking samples of snow at a distance of 25 meters from the edge of the roadway, there is an excess of the concentrations of salts and suspended solids in the snow, the values of the maximum permissible concentration for admission to surface water bodies.
Study of the effective performance of the diesel engine when working on methanol and methyl ether rapeseed oil
Authors: Likhanov V A , Lopatin O P , Yurlov A S
Published: December 2019

The experience of solving the world’s environmental problems from the use of diesel engines allowed us to develop numerous ways to solve them, including the transfer to work on alternative fuels. The article presents the classification of alternative fuels. The article discusses the use of biofuel for the diesel engine. The use of alternative biofuels with different chemical composition and local conditions leads to the distinctive performance of the diesel engine. Therefore, for the scientific representation of the actual picture of the power and economic indicators of the diesel engine, experimental studies were conducted when it was operated on methanol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil. According to the results of laboratory and bench studies of load working processes of a diesel engine running on methanol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil, important information about hourly and specific fuel consumption, filling coefficients and excess air, effective efficiency and exhaust gas temperature were obtained. At the same time dependences of influence of modes of operation of the diesel engine on characteristics of power and economic indicators are established and their numerical values are defined. The presented research performance and economic performance of diesel engine demonstrate the applicability of methanol and methyl ester of rapeseed oil as an alternative bio-fuel is not only to improve the excellent service standard and performance indicators, but also to reduce the toxicity and smoke opacity of the exhaust gases, since alcohol, with its more simple structure and small size of molecules is one of the determining factors for a more “clean burning” fuel.
Mass transfer apparatus for a wide range of environmental processes
Authors: Merentsov N A , Golovanchikov A B , Topilin M V , Persidskiy A V , Tezikov D A
Published: December 2019

The paper presents the construction of a continuous multifunctional mass transfer apparatus which can perfectly adjust to meet technological requirements for a wide range of environmental, chemical, petrochemical, biological processes. The processes include absorption, adsorption, desorption, chemisorption, ion exchange, rectification, drying, extraction, gas scrubbing. The apparatus can carry out processes under the influence of intensifying electric fields of a given intensity, as well as performance of the nonisothermal mass transfer processes and the gas and liquid phase exothermic and endothermic catalytic reactions. The article also provides the most promising modifications of the developed mass transfer apparatus and the main details relating to the durability and adjustment to meet the requirements of a particular mass transfer process. The authors emphasize the prospects of using modifications of the developed mass transfer apparatus as a foamy bubbling dust collector for industrial gas scrubbing and for performance of electro-absorption, electro-adsorption, electro-desorption, ion exchange under the influence of a given electric field intensity in the environmental equipment for industrial applications and urban economy.
Relief flow swirlers to control wax deposition formation inside downhole equipment
Authors: Bashmur K A , Petrovsky E A , Geraschenko Yu A , Makolov V A , Shadchina Yu N , Tynchenko V S
Published: December 2019

The present study describes problems of wax deposition formation on the surface of oil field equipment. In particular, the problem of wax deposition prevention inside tubing walls is considered. Wax prevention techniques and wax removal techniques were analyzed and the main advantages and disadvantages of these techniques were highlighted. The technique for controlling wax deposits by means of fluid swirl is proposed, which is carried out using a process module for controlling downhole deposits based on a flow swirl. Simulation flow modeling in the direct-flow swirler was performed. The simulation was carried out with the help of SolidWorks Flow Simulation program for different profiles of flow section, number of turns, and swirling pitch. An increase in temperature due to a fluid swirl and a significant pressure gradient in the wall layers of the tubing after the swirler were revealed.
Mathematical model and numerical algorithms to analyze gas filtration process in a porous medium
Authors: Ravshanov N , Aminov S , Kravets O Ja
Published: December 2019

The paper deals with the problem of gas filtration process in a porous medium using a mathematical model of an object; the model is described by a nonlinear partial differential equation and the corresponding boundary and internal conditions. The paper presents the main stages in construction of mathematical model of the process of gas filtration in porous media, taking into account the changes in hydrodynamic parameters of the object of study. To solve the above problem, the following numerical methods have been used: local-one-dimensional schemes and longitudinal-transverse direction schemes. To solve the problem of nonlinear gas filtration in a porous medium, several methods of constructing an iterative process have been checked. To study the responses of the principal parameters of the process, a series of computational experiments on a computer, their analyses and conclusions are given in the paper.
Discharge-impulse methods application in technologies of mineral resources mastering
Authors: Korostovenko V V , Korostovenko L P , Stepanov A G , Sukhanova A V
Published: December 2019

Present-day condition and objectively established trends of developing mineral and crude base of non-ferrous metallurgy have predetermined two main directions in mineral raw materials processing. The first direction is based on some traditional technologies of free-milling ore processing with receiving of mono selective concentrates at the enrichment stage with following recycling them using already known pyro-, chemico-, hydrometallurgical methods. The main way of developing this direction is invention of high-performance combined processes and combined technological schemes. The second direction covers difficult raw material. It is based on combined technologies providing a discharge of advantageous components into the mono selective concentrates at the step of enrichment. At the other steps – transfer of refractory mineral assemblages into a polymetallic products and their further selection using enrichment, pyro- and hydrometallurgical methods. Among various methods of influence on the mineral assemblages, there are two groups, applicable in combined technology systems, to highlight. These are enrichment based on energy and chemical-metallurgical impacts at the finalizing step, where the necessary increase of completeness and complexity of crude ore applying might be provided only by processing it using combined technologies, which optimally match the both of selected groups.
Influence of carbon-containing additives on sintering of limestone-nepheline furnace charge in alumina production
Authors: Sizyakova E V , Fokina S B , Ivanov P V
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the influence of brown coal additives on the sintering of the lime-nepheline charge in the technology of alumina production from nepheline. It is shown that carbon-containing materials added to the limestone-nepheline charge intensify sintering, and thus, contribute to a more uniform heat distribution along the furnace, improve the passage of the sintered material in the chain curtains, accelerate interaction of the charge components and increase recovery of alumina from the sintered mass. The mechanism of influence of coal during its combustion on the passage of solid-phase reactions in the charge is studied. Fossil brown coals with a high content of volatile substances and carbon graphite materials were used as coal additives.
Phytoremediation efficiency of duckweed communities for mining enterprises wastewater treatment from nitrogen compounds
Authors: Petrov Denis S , Kuznecov Vladimir S , Suprun Igor K , Zhuravkova Maria A , Solnyshkova Margarita A
Published: December 2019

The main purpose of the work was to determine the methods of mining enterprises wastewater secondary treatment from nitrogenous compounds. The chemical analysis of wastewater was carried out, and substances with exceeding concentrations were established. The accumulating power of indigenous species of higher aquatic vegetation has been estimated. The absorption regularities of nitrates of duckweed (Lemna minor) in solutions with different concentrations were determined. The expediency of duckweed cultivating with the aim of phytoremediation has been proved.
Working out of an effective energy-saving technology for crushing of worn out tires on a hammer mill
Authors: Ganin E V , Antimonov S V , Kuzmin A Yu
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the development of an effective technology for the conversion of worn out tires from the sight of energy consumption and depth, by preproduction in various types of solvents, followed by crushing. The use of methods of physical impact on the material, in particular, the procedure of the use of aggressive media, is justified. The results of experimental researches showed that breakage reduces energy consumption, improves the separation of metal and textile from rubber, increases the yield of rubber under the influence of various aggressive media (solvents).
Analysis and calculation of optimum parameters of electric arc furnace
Authors: Rakhmonov I U , Reymov K M , Najimova A M , Uzakov B , Seytmuratov B T
Published: December 2019

In this article, the role of electric arc furnace in the process of “Uzmetkombinat” is regarded, as well as an analysis of the mode of the unit integrated processing of steel, the continuous casting of steel. The actual value is the specific energy consumption by type of equipment shop EAF for 2018.
Effect of diffusion processes on the movement and cooling of droplets in the air washers of heat power systems
Authors: Pushkarev A E , Varfolomeeva O I , Khvorenkov D A , Pushkareva L A
Published: December 2019

The work explores the processes of movement, evaporation, change of temperature and weight of water droplets in the air washers of heat power systems. The motion of the evaporating drop is described by the variable-mass body mechanics equation without regard to reactive force. Two laws of movement resistance of water droplets in the air washer are considered. The diffusion and evaporation of droplets are calculated using traditional equations, taking into account the conditions of the air washer. Changes of droplet temperature were found from the heat balance equation. Numerical calculations of the change of the weight and temperature of the droplet are given depending on the distance droplet travelled in the air washer. Conclusions have been drawn on the effect of evaporation and changes in droplet temperature on mechanical movement and associated processes. A rational range of droplet sizes is defined for efficient operation of air washers.
Influence of ethanol on the combustion process and soot formation in the diesel cylinder
Authors: Kozlov A N , Anfilatov A A , Chuvashev A N
Published: December 2019

Ethanol is an attractive alternative fuel because it is a renewable bio-based resource and it is oxygenated, thereby providing the potential to reduce particulate emissions in compression–ignition engines. Thus, the use of ethanol in a diesel engine can simultaneously solve two important problems - the replacement of non-renewable diesel fuel and improving the environmental performance of diesel by reducing soot emissions into the atmosphere. Thus, the use of ethanol in a diesel engine can simultaneously solve two important problems - the replacement of non-renewable diesel fuel and improving the environmental performance of diesel by reducing soot emissions into the atmosphere. The presented work considers the main reasons for reducing the formation of solid particles in the diesel cylinder, taking into account the transformation of the combustion process. The article presents the results of experimental studies to reduce the soot content in the exhaust gases by direct injection of ethanol into the combustion chamber with ignition from the burning fuel jet. The implementation of this method somewhat complicates the design of the diesel engine but allows you to control the combustion process and exclude the maximum amount of diesel fuel. The characteristics of the combustion process of alternative fuels in the diesel cylinder and the main patterns of change are described. In conclusion, the main problems of the use of ethanol and promising directions of its use as a fuel for the engine with compression ignition are considered, taking into account the peculiarities of the combustion process and the formation of harmful components of exhaust gases.
Dynamic method of controlling the traction force driving wheels of vehicle
Authors: Egorov A V , Lysyannikov A V , Kaizer Yu F , Dorohin S V , Smirnov D U , Bogdanov E N , Lysyannikova N N , Kuznetsov A V
Published: December 2019

The contemporary stage of development of methods and means of control traction force developed on the driving wheels of vehicles is used as one of the diagnostic parameters of the angular acceleration of the drive wheels and the angular acceleration of transmission units, however, scientific and technical studies of the methods take into account the law of generation of mechanical power during one revolution shaft engine vehicle. Also developed methods that are used to control the torque developed by the drive wheels of the vehicle, the acceleration time to a certain speed. At the contemporary stage of development of methods and means, there is an incomplete justification for the use of angular accelerations of transmission units, driving wheels for controlling traction force developed on the driving wheels of vehicles, and the non-use of linear accelerations of vehicles for controlling developed traction force. No disadvantages from the above is a dynamic method of controlling traction force the drive wheels of a vehicle, the scientific and technical justification of which is given in this article.
Monitoring the current state of rural territories ecology in the Oryol region and some areas of their environmental development
Authors: Afanasieva E E , Koreva O V , Kondrashova I N , Kondykova N N , Tikhii V I
Published: December 2019

This article proves that one of the main conditions for improving the ecological condition of rural areas is continuous monitoring. The current environmental situation in rural areas of almost all regions of the Russian Federation is characterized by many problems which impede their sustainable socio-economic development. In the article, based on the example of the Oryol region, an assessment is made of the environmental situation prevailing in rural areas, and typification of the regions is carried out. The authors formulated a set of proposals, the implementation of which will improve the environmental situation. Particular attention is paid to the development of the implementation of the proposal for the introduction of innovations in the production of agricultural products based on organic farming. substantiated the need to develop state programs for the development of environmentally friendly organic farming, adapted in each region in accordance with the peculiarities of its development and the climatic conditions of agriculture, and presented a set of measures that make up their basis. The implementation of the proposed measures will improve the environmental situation in rural settlements of the country as a whole, and, in the Oryol region in particular, which will contribute to the rural areas entering the trajectory of dynamic sustainable socio-economic development.
Technology of receiving a ferriferous pigment from production wasters of synthetic rubber
Authors: Luzina M S
Published: December 2019

In article the technology of processing of one of production wastes of synthetic rubber – the fulfilled adsorbent applied in the course of production of butadiene and containing significant amounts of compounds of copper and iron is offered. The description of laboratory researches on receiving from the specified withdrawal of a ferriferous pigment for paint and varnish and construction materials and also copper vitriol is shortly given. The schematic diagram of installation developed by results of the conducted researches is provided, the short description of technological process is given.
Experimental research of the diesel engine with modernized system of air supply
Authors: Razuvaev A V , Biryuk V V , Blagin E V
Published: December 2019

This article deals with experimental research of the diesel engine with modernized system of air supple (MSAS). This system considers steam injection in turbo-compressor which provides increase of its power and also increase air supply in engine cylinders. The results of the experiment show that specific fuel consumption will be decreased on 2.6%, gas temperature before turbocompressor will be decreased on 87 °C. Indeed, diesel power increase of 4% (from 617 kW) was achieved without increase of the cylinder heat temperature.
Development of standards for industrial control materials to improve quality control of rubbers
Authors: Efremova M A , Sulaberidze V Sh
Published: December 2019

The development of standards for industrial control materials is the basis for improving the quality control of commercially available synthetic rubbers. The presence of such technical standards is important for the formation and implementation of an integrated approach of modern quality control. In developing the standards, international experience was used, adapted to the domestic characteristics of production and technical documentation, which contributes to the development of the industry’s innovative infrastructure, the elimination of technical barriers in the interaction of various industries and the acceleration of the introduction of new types of rubbers. It is shown that such works unite the industry to solve complex problems, contributing to the additional interaction of science and production.
Development of theoretical bases of analysis of reliability of marine oil and gas constructions with regard to temperature impact
Authors: Starokon I V
Published: December 2019

Offshore oil and gas installations, located on the offshore fields are exposed to intense heat. The result is a change of temperature condition and having variable thermal stresses that cause fatigue damage and reduce resource. The paper proposes a method which allows to simulate the processes of heating and cooling offshore oil and gas installations in various environmental conditions, and proves the necessity of taking into account the thermal effects in the evaluation of their resource.
Static and dynamic approach to estimation of spring water hardness cation content as a natural factor of groundwater formation
Authors: Vasyukov A E , Korzhavyi A P , Nikulina S N , Zhukova Y M
Published: December 2019

To assess the degree of influence of natural factors on the groundwater mineralization, it is proposed to simultaneously consider in a static and dynamic position the results of titrimetric determination of the total mineralization and concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in spring water. This is shown by the example of four springs located in the territory of Kaluga. The study made it possible to establish: the average annual background concentrations, as well as to justify the relative variable for groundwater in springs No. 1, No. 3 and No. 4 and the influence of the natural factor on the formation of the total hardness and concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in the study period, relatively stable for groundwater in spring No. 2 by the value of the molar ratio of the concentrations of calcium and magnesium ions.
FMMA and FMECA for analysis of reliability of a wind turbine
Authors: Magomedov I A , Magomadov V S , Rahimov A A , Alikhadzhiev S Kh , Gudaev M-A A
Published: December 2019

This work is designed to highlight the technical data regarding reliability and maintainability of a modern-day Wind Turbine. With the ever-increasing demand for cleaner energy and reduction of greenhouse gases, Wind Turbines offer a feasible solution in contributing towards a greener future as a whole. In spite of this, they must provide both a reliable form of energy production and an economic benefit to corporations investing in this technology, as an individual wind turbine can be considered a large financial investment, both to set-up and to maintain.
Analysis of the causes of failures of pyrolysis units
Authors: Kolenchukov O A , Petrovsky E A
Published: December 2019

This paper presents the classification of pyrolysis units for the disposal of oil waste (oil sludge). Using statistical methods of quality control (Ishikawa diagrams and Pareto diagrams), the main factors affecting the process of oil sludge pyrolysis were identified, as well as the causes of defects that are of paramount importance in eliminating them.
Alternative method for evaluation of vehicle static transverse stability
Authors: Blyankinshtein I M , Fedotov I A , Khudyakov D A , Smolenkov F Y , Makhova E G , Kovalev A G , Kolesnikov I M
Published: December 2019

Methods of testing vehicles for static lateral stability are considered. The object of the study is service of vehicles (trucks and specialized equipment) which have undergone the conversion. Subject of research is the procedure for testing vehicles for static lateral stability and the resulting errors. This article discusses the original method of testing vehicles for static lateral stability, eliminating the need for a stand with a tilt table and ensuring the equivalence of measurement to the method regulated by GOST 31507-2012. The authors proposed a method for testing a vehicle (RF Patent No. 2693140, published on July 1, 2019), which provides its placing on a horizontal supporting surface, creating a tipping moment relative to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and brining the vehicle to an unstable position by means of a lifting device with a cargo system slings and safety ropes. In this position, the roll angle φ of the sprung masses is measured, the height of the center of mass h is determined; the angle α
су of the static lateral rollover stability of the vehicle is calculated. It is shown that the developed test method will be equivalent to the method regulated by GOST 31507-2012.
Effect study of Mao-coatings heat treatment on their structure, phase composition, physical and mechanical properties
Authors: Tchufistov O E , Tchufistov E A
Published: December 2019

The structure, phase composition and physical and mechanical properties of MAO-coatings on deformable aluminum alloys after heating with subsequent holding were studied. It is revealed that in the temperature range from 50 to 600 °C in MAO-coatings there are changes of three types, manifested in increasing the porosity of MAO-coatings and increasing the content of substances with higher physical and mechanical properties. It is shown that the surface hardness, wear resistance and electrical resistance of MAO-coatings increase, but the breakdown voltage decreases. It is established that the simultaneous happens of changes of different types leads to an increase in number of cracks and ruptures in the structure of MAO-coatings and a decrease in their physical and mechanical properties. To maximize the surface hardness, wear resistance and electrical resistance of MAO-coatings, it is proposed to conduct their heating with sequential stepped holding, ensuring a consistent implementation of changes of all three types.
On the problem of the manned aircraft modification to UAVs
Authors: Kovalev I V , Voroshilova A A , Karaseva M V
Published: December 2019

The paper considers the experience of the manned aircraft modification to UAVs and technological solutions for the manned transport aircraft modification to UAVs. A sequence of stages in the implementation of the task of the manned aircraft modification to UAVs based on the presented review is formulated. The paper presents that the developed or converted UAVs have different software and hardware platforms; therefore, the importance of their cross-platform organization is noted. The basic principles, the typical architecture of the UAVs control platform is based on, including on-board software, are formulated. This creates the background for the development of the on-board software technology concerning the automation of the architectural design of the subsystem software and the automation of the system testing design of the software based on the formalized specifications.
Optimizing the energy balance to achieve autonomous self-powering for vigilant health and IoT applications
Authors: Misra Veena , Bozkurt Alper , Calhoun Benton H. , Datta Suman , Dickey Michael , Kiani Mehdi , Lach John , Lee Bongmook , Jur Jesse , Oralkan Omer , Ozturk Mehmet , Rajagopalan Ram , Roundy Shad , Strohmaier Jason , Trolier-McKinstry Susan , Vashaee Daryoosh , Wentzloff David , Werner Doug
Published: December 2019

With the right combination of disruptive features, such as battery free self-powered operation, multimodal sensing capability, comfort, wearability, and continuous data gathering leading to actionable information, the potential of autonomously powered smart sensing nodes can be realized to provide long-term monitoring for health and IoT applications. This paper reports on recent breakthroughs in technologies essential for achieving self-powered operation and shows how engineering both sides of the power equation, namely generation and consumption, can lead to always on operation. This work is being conducted in the NSF funded ERC Center on Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST).
Fabrication and characterization of a wrist-driven rotational energy harvester using multiple plucked piezoelectric unimorphs
Authors: Halim M A , Xue T , Rantz R , Zhang Q , Gu L , Yang K , Roundy S
Published: December 2019

We present fabrication and characterization of a wrist-worn rotational energy harvester using plucked piezoelectric unimorph beams for wearable applications. It consists of an eccentric rotor containing multiple magnets (at certain angular distance) and multiple unimorph beams (clamped to a central hub) with a magnet at the tip of each beam, in an in-plane plucking configuration. While excited, the unimorph beams are asynchronously plucked by the rotor magnets that generate voltage/power by means of the piezoelectric effect. An electromechanical model has been developed to predict the system performance for different plucking magnet configurations. The unimorph beams (12 mm×3.5 mm) are fabricated by bonding a 25 μm thick nickel (Ni) foil to a 43 μm thick lead zirconate titanate (PZT). In order to achieve the highest yield (~ 91%), a custom fabrication process has been developed that utilizes process steps both inside and outside the cleanroom. Finally, a prototype has been assembled and tested by mounting it on a custom-built driven pendulum to provide a controlled pseudo-walking excitation. The system shows non-linear behaviour with the change in the number of adjacent plucking magnets. The most frequently plucked beam generates a maximum of 6.25 μW average power while plucked by a three-magnet configuration under ±25° and 1.25 Hz pseudo-walking excitation. Experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation.