bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting Women's Marital Adjustment based on Attitudes toward Infidelity, Health Literacy and Self-Care in their Diabetic Spouses in Ahvaz
Authors: Rayhani Arezoo Shafiee , Ehteshamzadeh Parvin
Published: August 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to employ an artificial neural network to predict the marital adjustment of women by investigating their attitudes toward infidelity, health literacy, and self-care concerning their diabetic spouses.
Materials and Methods: The present study employed a descriptive-correlational research design. The study's statistical population comprised all couples residing in Ahvaz City, in which their male spouse was diagnosed with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes and who had been registered with the Diabetes Association of Khuzestan province until the end of December in the year 2022. Out of a total population of 2,200 individuals, a sample of 205 individuals was chosen using convenience sampling. In order to gather data, the researchers utilized several questionnaires, including the Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (MAQ), Attitude towards infidelity Scale, Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA), and The Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire (DSCAQ. The data analysis involved the application of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics to examine Pearson's correlation coefficient, regression, and the artificial neural network.
Results: The results indicated a statistically significant negative association between men's attitude towards infidelity and women's marital adjustment as well as statistically significant positive associations between men's health literacy and women's marital adjustment, and between men's self-care and women's marital adjustment (P< 0.01).
Conclusion: Health literacy plays a crucial role in enhancing the ability of men with diabetes to self-regulate and manage their condition through proper diet. It also increases their awareness of how diabetes can impact their marital life and sexual relationships.
The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Binesh Fariba , Paknejadi Sahar , Namiranian Nasim , Ordooei Mahtab
Published: August 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the comparison of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) levels in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) rather than the standard ESR rate as the reference
Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study 80 individuals with T1DM under 14 years of age were selected from Diabetes Research Center from 2021-2022. Sampling was done by available methods. Demographic information such as age, gender, HbA1c, and ESR level was recorded. The collected data were entered into SPSS v.22 software. Pearson correlation was used for association and t-test was used for comparing means. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered.
Results: thirty three (41.2%) were male and 47 (58.8%) were female. The mean (±SD) age was 9.50 (± 0.414) years. The mean (±SD) ESR in the studied samples was 11.60(±6.475), which had a significant difference with the ESR value of 10 (P= 0.031). Moreover, the ESR of both groups of studied boys -and girls was significantly higher than the standard upper limit of the society (P= 0.0001). Additionally, ESR had a statistical relationship with HbA1c (P= 0.016) and no significant relationship with age (P= 0.730).
Conclusion: ESR levels in children with T1D were significantly elevated, indicating systemic inflammation. ESR also showed a statistical relationship with HbA1c levels, suggesting its potential as a valuable marker for disease activity and management in T1D patients.
In Defense of Doctors Who Treat Pain -- Questions and Answers for Judges, Juries… and Journalists --
Authors: A Lawhern PhD Richard
Published: August 2024

As a healthcare writer and patient advocate for almost 30 years, I read a lot.  Recently, some of that reading has been in court transcripts of doctors being persecuted out of medicine or into jail by DEA prosecutors and their hired “experts.”  I use the term “persecuted” intentionally.  I believe that many DEA or State Attorney General “medical experts” are simply “hired guns” – clinical predators paid large sums of money to tell stories whose details they do not actually understand.
Strategic Planning and Its Effect on the Success of Small and Medium Enterprises in Bosaso
Authors: Burale Mohamed Abdirizak , Saroufim Dr, Chaless
Published: August 2024

The research seeks to investigate the influence of strategic planning on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Bosaso, Somalia. Its main goal is to clarify how strategic planning impacts the operational success of these businesses, addressing a notable gap in the current literature, as previous studies have largely overlooked SMEs in this area despite their crucial role in economic stability and development. The study employs a correlational research design combined with a quantitative approach, using surveys to collect data from the relevant population. A pilot test was conducted to refine the questionnaire, ensuring it was clear and pertinent for participants. The research used purposive sampling to select individuals based on specific demographic traits relevant to the study. Results indicate that strategic planning significantly influences SME performance in Bosaso, highlighting the importance for these enterprises to adopt structured planning processes to improve their operational efficiency and long-term viability. This research provides valuable insights into the strategic management practices necessary for the growth and success of SMEs in the region. The findings of this study underscore the importance of strategic planning in enhancing the performance and long-term sustainability of SMEs in Bosaso. By establishing a clear link between structured planning and improved operational outcomes, the research provides compelling evidence that SMEs in the region can benefit significantly from adopting formal strategic planning processes. These processes enable businesses to better navigate challenges, allocate resources more efficiently, and seize growth opportunities, ultimately leading to improved financial performance and stability.
Structure Requirements for Developing the Insurance Program Adoption for the Rice Farming Business in Banyuwangi Regency
Authors: . Muksin , Darmaji C.S. , Utami M.M.D. , Firdaus M.I. , Purwoko D. , Umami Mochamad Rizal
Published: August 2024

Background: The farming businesses play an essential role in contributing to Banyuwangi Regency’s standard of living. Agriculture is also associated with food security. Rice plants are the most extensively cultivated food crop in the community. It is the background of why the Indonesian government established Asuransi Usahatani Padi (AUTP) or Rice Farming Insurance (RFI). RFI program is designed to help protect farmers from crop failure-related losses. This study intends to analyze the requirements that must be met to establish the RFI in Banyuwangi. Methods: Observation and research during 2020-2022. The focus of the investigation is farmers who use and do not use agricultural insurance in Kabat District, Banyuwangi Regency. Combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. 35 farmers and stakeholders were selected to collect data and 7 experts with knowledge and capacity to understand rice cultivation and social issues were involved in the evaluation using the analytical tool Interpretive Structural Modelling is a research method. Result: The indicated that systemically implemented extension services, the simplicity of RFI financing techniques and procedures and the strengthening of agricultural institutions and partnerships are essential for promoting RFI adoption.
ENGLISH MASSIVE CASE STUDY
Authors: Zulkarnain M. Ervan
Published: August 2024

Along with the development of technology, mastery of English has become very important in various fields, but the material provided at school is deemed insufficient. This study aims to: (1) determine the learning process carried out by English Massive in an English learning environment, and (2) the students-teacher relationship during teaching activities. This study used a qualitative approach (observation and semi-structured interviews). The subjects in this study were English Massive management, 3 tutors, and 3 students from different levels. The finding indicated that: (1) English Massive spots were spread throughout Kerdiri City. English Massive develops its own curriculum, syllabus, and module books which are used as a reference in teaching. Young Learner learning activities incorporate several games to keep them interested, while in the Young Adult class, learning is more focused on material and discussion to develop their speaking skills. (2) The relationship between teacher and student during learning varies depending on the level. Tutors and students in the Young Learner class are like big brother and little brother relations. On the other hand, Young Adults and Adults consider their tutors like companions with whom they feel comfortable sharing their ideas.
THE INFLUENCE OF LANGUAGE ENVIRONMENT IN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL ON THE ACHIEVEMENT OF ENGLISHSPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Hidayatullah Iqbal
Published: August 2024

The language environment is a crucial factor in enhancing the language acquisition process, or the language environment consists of everything that students may see and hear in their surroundings in order to acquire a new language spontaneously. In addition, the language environment contributes considerably to improving and developing students' English-speaking abilities. Moreover, there are three fundamental components to any successful language learning: the language, the learners, and the learning method. In order to achieve effective language acquisition, the learner, the language being learned, and the language learning process, which includes the language environment, must interact ideally. However, the primary objective of employing a language environment as a learning medium is to ensure that students as information receivers absorb as much knowledge as possible in the form of information and messages. Therefore enhancing their speaking abilities. On the other hand, macro and micro contextual factors must be used to create a language environment. This research aims to find out the influence of the language environment on the achievement of English speaking skills for students in one of the dormitories under the Nurul Jadid Islamic Boarding School, namely the Natural Sciences Major dormitory, which is then applied to foreign language development institutions to meet the macro and micro requirements of the language environment for the 2021/2022 academic year. In this case, the researcher used 20 students of elementary level as samples from the population, which was selected by purposive sampling. Meanwhile, the quantitative method with a pre-experimental model applies pre-test and post-test instruments. The researcher also used an oral test in conducting his research with a total of 10 questions. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of the language environment in improving English speaking skills for Natural Sciences Major dormitory students.
THE USE OF FLASHCARD MEDIA TO IMPROVE ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN CLASS VII A STUDENTS OF MTsN 2 MALANG
Authors: Novitasari Elma Diana , Ahmadi Ahmadi
Published: August 2024

This study aims to apply flashcard learning media in an effort to increase English vocabulary in class VII A MTsn 2 Malang. The method that the author uses is classroom action research, by observing the use of media in the classroom. The results of the study, flashcard learning media are cards with interesting words or pictures that become a teacher's tool for children to play and learn, especially in improving vocabulary understanding. The results of the schools taught by the researchers were very good, and there was an increase from the first cycle to the second cycle. The average value in the first cycle was 82, with learning completeness about 76% while in the second cycle it increased with an average value of 86 , with learning completeness around 86%, the results of the study show that the implementation of learning using flashcard media can improve student learning outcomes in English subjects in class VII MTsN 2 Malang
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE STAD METHOD IN THE TEXT OF WRITING LESSONS ENGLISH PROCEDURE IN CLASS IX STUDENTS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL PLUS AL-KAUTSAR MALANG
Authors: Sholikha Aprilla Iswatul , Pujiyanti Pujiyati
Published: August 2024

This study aims to improve the ability to compose procedural texts for students of class IX SMP Plus Al-Kautsar Malang by applying the learning method using the Student Team-Achievement Division (STAD) method. This research uses Classroom Action Research which is conducted in two cycles, with each cycle consisting of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects of this study were students of class IX SMP Plus Al-Kautsar Malang in the odd semester of the 2022/2023 academic year, totaling 17 students. Data collection in this study was carried out in two cycles. Cycle 1 shows the percentage of learning outcomes of 52.9%, from the data it is known that 8 students are still below the minimum completeness criteria. Then in cycle 2 the percentage of learning completeness reached 100%. So it can be concluded that there is a very significant increase in learning outcomes from the use of the STAD learning method.
THE THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ HABIT OF WATCHING ENGLISH ANIMATED COMEDY MOVIES AND STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY OF EIGHTH GRADERS IN SMPN 1 NGANTANG
Authors: Farkhi Muhamad Reza , Munfaati Farid
Published: August 2024

This study explores the correlation between students' habits of watching English animated comedy movies and their English vocabulary proficiency among Eighth Graders at SMPN 1 Ngantang. The research involved 45 randomly selected students, and data collection employed questionnaires and vocabulary tests. The collected data underwent analysis using the Pearson Product Moment correlation. The findings indicate a significant but low negative correlation (r = -0.294) between students' movie-watching habits and their English vocabulary mastery. This correlation coefficient was smaller than the critical value at a 5% significance level. The two-tailed significance level (sig. = 0.05) further confirms a significant relationship between the variables. In conclusion, Eighth Graders at SMPN 1 Ngantang exhibit a significant but low negative correlation between their habits of watching English animated comedy movies and their English vocabulary mastery.
The Effectiveness of Duolingo Application in Vocabulary Mastery for English for Young Learners in MIN 1 Malang
Authors: Novitasari Elma Diana , Putera Alam Aji
Published: August 2024

English has been used as the mother tongue in several countries. Learning English for young learners is especially necessary because we will understand the meaning of English sentences by learning vocabulary. English is also a complex language to learn, therefore the teacher must think of something that can change students' views on learning English. In learning EYL, the teacher must consider engaging learning that keeps students from getting bored, such as learning English vocabulary using media. One example of an application or technology-based learning media is the Duolingo application. Duolingo is a learning medium in the form of a practical application for learning vocabulary. It is an application that can attract students' interest in learning. This study aims at determining how suitable the Duolingo application is for young English learners. This study used Quasi Experimental quantitative research with 22 students in class 5G as the experimental class and 22 students in class 5H as the control class subjects. Researcher choose this Quasi-Experimental because she want to know the difference before and after. Students were given treatment three times using the Duolingo application and provided a pre-test before treatment and a post-test after treatment. The results showed significant differences between the pre-test and post-test of each class. The test results were tested by T-Test: Two-sample assuming equal variances, done with Microsoft Excel. The results of the statistical test showed that the t-value was 0.394, which could be concluded to be less than the t-table, which was 2.080. These results indicate that the Duolingo application is practical for students' vocabulary mastery.
Management of Moral Education in Increasing the Spiritual Intelligence of Santri
Authors: Achmad
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze moral values and their implementation in increasing the spiritual intelligence of santri. This study is a qualitative descriptive study with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected by means of interviews, observations, and documentation studies. Then the data were analyzed by data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusions/verification. The results of the study indicate that the values ​​of moral education implemented are the values ​​of Tawadlu’, discipline, honesty, and simplicity. Moral education is implemented with a management approach, namely planning, implementation, and supervision. Planning starts from deliberation to program determination. The implementation of moral education is integrated into scheduled Islamic boarding school programs such as muhadoroh kubro (public speaking) activities, deliberation, nadzaman, tasrifan, and other programs. Furthermore, moral education is evaluated during the activity (formative) and after the activity (summative).
Kuntowijoyo's Perspective Prophetic Education Concept and Its Implementation in Aqidah Moral Subjects
Authors: Wilam Nafilah Robaeah  , Tatang Muh Nasir  , Dadang Komara  , Eneng Dewi Siti Sobariah  , Hidayat Aji Permana
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the concept of Prophetic Education from Kuntowijoyo's perspective, its implementation, as well as supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of Prophetic Education in the Aqidah Moral subjects at MA Miftahul 'Ulum Purwakarta. This research focuses on the application of Kuntowijoyo's prophetic education in Akidah Akhlak lessons at MA, using a qualitative approach with data collection techniques such as interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The results of this research show that according to Kuntowijoyo, prophetic social science has three main components, namely amar ma'ruf (humanization), nahi munkar (liberation), and iman billah (transcendence) within the framework of the Al-Qur'an, Surah Ali-Imran verse 110. The implementation of prophetic education is reflected in the learning objectives, learning materials, and learning evaluation in the Aqidah Moral subjects. Supporting factors in implementing prophetic education include the important role of educators and the availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure. Meanwhile, the obstacles faced include a lack of role models from teaching staff in madrasas and inadequate supervision of students.
Integration of Al-Qur’an Values ​​in the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5)
Authors: Sakinah Mufidah , Khozin  , Muhammad Yusuf
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the integration of Al-Qur’an values ​​in the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5), especially the theme of Local Wisdom. This research uses a qualitative approach, with a case study type. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques use data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions as well as checking the validity of the data using triangulation. The results of this research show that the application of Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) through understanding the values of the Al-Qur’an can develop the quality of Islamic Religious Education learning, because it can unite the values of Pancasila with the values contained in the Al-Qur’an. The relationship between the values in the Al-Qur’an is also an important point to unite the theme of local wisdom with the values in the Al-Qur’an, namely the value of diversity in Surah Al-Hujurat verse 13. The concept of the diversity theme discusses regarding cultural and religious tolerance, respecting values, traditions and cultural heritage, appreciating and respecting differences and establishing harmony among religious communities, these are the main points in building Pancasila values in the realm of Indonesian unity.
Managing for Excellence in State Islamic Universities in The 21st Century
Authors: Hasbiyallah  , Moh Sulhan  , Ujang Suyatman
Published: August 2024

This research aims to identify Managing for Excellence practices at PTKIN in the current era. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, and data collection techniques include interviews, observation and documentation. The collected data will be analyzed using qualitative analysis techniques, including data collection, data reduction, and data display. Analysis will involve identifying patterns, themes, and trends that emerge from interview data, documentation, and observations. The research results show various types of superior leadership applied at PTKIN Century 21, such as transformational, transactional and participative leadership. In addition, this research reveals best practices in strategic planning, effective organization, implementation of academic and non-academic programs, as well as ongoing evaluation to achieve the excellence of Managing for Excellence at PTKIN. Transformative leadership is leadership that has insight into the future and seeks to improve and develop the organization not for current interests, but for the future. Transformative leadership is always committed to continuous improvement, which is based on a visionary view of the future (better organizational conditions), and encourages staff participation to realize the expected changes. Transactional leadership is a transactional leader determining the desires of followers and providing something that meets those desires in exchange because followers perform certain tasks or find specific goals. Participative leadership is leadership that provides a set of rules to determine the variety and amount of participative decision making in different situations.
Phenotypic Detection of Extended Spectrum ß-lactamases Producing Clinical Isolates in Blood Stream Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern India
Authors: Bharti Rajni , Multani Harman , Shikha Deep , Sudhan Sharma Shashi
Published: August 2024

BSI is caused by viable infectious microorganisms in the bloodstream (BS). Causing shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, multiple organ failure, and demise. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are plasmid-mediated enzymes that pose a major therapeutic struggle in hospitalized and community-based patients these days. Aim of the study is to detect ESBL isolates in multidrug resistant clinical isolates from blood stream infections. Methods: The multidrug resistant organisms were isolated using the standard protocol followed in the laboratory followed by using double disc synergy method for ESBL detection. Results: Staphylococci were the most common among the gram-positive organisms (thirty-seven percent) followed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (twenty percent) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (5%). Escherichia coli (12%), Klebseilla pneumoniae (10%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7%) were the widely known gram-negative organisms. Escherichia coli and Klebseilla pneumoniae were the main multi drug resistant organisms out of that 3 (80%) of the tested Escherichia coli (5) and 2 (50%) of the tested Klebseilla pneumoniae (4) were ESBL-producers. Conclusion: For effective management and prevention of drug resistance, reasonable antibiotic use, establishment of antibiotic policy, and timely BSI therapy are necessary. Finally, any delay in initiating appropriate antibiotic therapy has the potential to be fatal.
Surface Structure of Dorsal Guard Hair of Slender Loris, Loris tardigradus (Linnaeus), and Slow Loris, Nycticebus coucang (Boddaert) (Loridae: Primate: Mammalia)
Authors: Saha Sarkar Paramita
Published: August 2024

Slender Loris is mainly distributed in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, India, whereas Slow Loris is distributed over south of Brahmaputra River in north-eastern India. They are regarded as endangered and vulnerable respectively owing to various anthropogenic activities such as loss of forest cover and habitat destruction, poaching and hunting for illegal trade and superstitions. Skin, claws, teeth, bones, meat, and other derivatives of these species, even whole live animals are often seized by enforcement agencies from illegal traders. But it is difficult to identify the small parts of skin or its derivatives with the conventional morpho-taxonomic methods. So, easy, quick and reliable parameters are needed to identify skin and its derivatives for prosecution of persons engaged in illegal trade of wildlife. Tricho-taxonomic study of dorsal guard hairs provides good result for identifying the small parts of skin and its derivatives.
Weed Dynamics and Rice Productivity under Various Tillage Practices in North East India
Authors: Sharma Puscal , Bhutia T. T. , Duary Buddhadeb , Pradhan Meena , Doma Bhutia Rinchen , Bhutia Palden , Doma Bhutia Karma
Published: August 2024

A field experiments were conducted during the kharif (wet) season of 2020 and 2021 at farmers field of lower Dzongu North Sikkim, India with rice variety abhishek a high yield variety developed from CRRI Cuttack for the study of weed dynamics and rice productivity under various tillage practices in North East India. From the experimental findings it revealed that rice field was infested with three categories of weeds viz. grassy, broadleaved and sedges were predominant throughout the cropping period. Results revealed that the amongst the tillage practices, minimum population of all weed flora (grasses, sedges and broadleaved) was recorded with no till at 30 DAP. This leads to about 16.9%, 11.6% and 23.1% reduction in grasses, sedges and broadleaved weeds over the conventional practices, respectively. However, at 60 DAP reverse scenario of weed dynamics has been observed in grasses and broad leaved. Similar trend was observed in case of dry weight. Grain yield was also significantly influenced by different tillage and organic nitrogen sources and the highest yield was recorded with NT (3.38 t/ha) followed by RT (3.25 t/ha) and lowest in CT (3.14 t/ha). With regard to organic sources of nutrients, application of 50% FYM+50% VC + Biofertilizer 100% RDN through (VC) recorded significantly maximum grain yield (3.68 t/ha) over other organic sources.
Methane Emission Reduction Coupled with Yield Increase in Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) Crop Inoculated with Anabaena sp. – A Closed Chamber Study
Authors: Vaishyaa J. , Meline Sheela Appavoo
Published: August 2024

The study's objective was to find out how Cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. helps to improve rice crop development and lower methane emissions. Different dosages of urea were added to the paddy plant cultivated in a closed chamber after it was injected with Anabaena sp. A gas chromatograph was used to measure the amount of methane that the plant released as it reached maturity. Anabaena sp.'s impact on plant growth and yield was noted concurrently. Methane emissions from paddy plants grown with 25% urea and 75% Anabaena sp. (T4) ranged from a minimum of 20 mg plant-1 season-1 to a maximum of 80 mg plant-1 season-1 (T1). On the other hand, for plants planted without urea and Anabaena sp., plant height and grain yield both increased in T4. The plant heights were 67.6±1.0, 82.8±1.4, 99.0±1.2, and 103.5±1.4 cm plant-1 after 40, 60, 80, and 100 days post-planting, respectively. Additionally, T4 produced 80 mg plant-1 more grain. In rice plants treated with 75% urea and 25% Anabaena sp. inoculation, plant height and yield increased but methane emission was lower (20 mg plant-1 season-1). Anabaena sp. inoculation is currently a practical method for lowering methane emissions and enhancing plant development in the rice environment.
A Case Study on Identification of Problems of Elderly Women Abuse and Finding Solution for Them
Authors: Kumari Archana , Rekha Sarkar Smriti , Deo Sangeeta , Kumari Shipra
Published: August 2024

India is growing old! The stark reality of the ageing scenario in India is that there are 77 million older persons in India today, and the number is growing to grow to 177 million in another 25 years. With life expectancy having increased from 40 years in 1951 to 64 years today, a person today has 20 years more to live than he would have 50 years back. However, this is not without problems. With this kind of an ageing scenario, there is pressure on all aspects of care for the older persons – be it financial, health or shelter. As the twenty first century arrives, the growing security of older persons in India is very visible. With more older people living longer, the households are getting smaller and congested, causing stress in joint and extended families. Even where they are co residing marginalization, isolation and insecurity is felt among the older persons due to the generation gap and change in lifestyles. In this context a study was conducted to understand the feeling of elderly residing in the family setup in the Chapra district. The sample of elderly women was selected using the purposively” sampling” technique to select 20 elderly women from the family setup. Among the 20 women, 10 were widows. The data was collected using a specially designed interview schedule and observation technique through a door to door survey for these residing in the families. Non working status of these women and above 60 years of age was criteria for sample selection. Results of the study revealed that most of the elderly felt the attitude of the younger generation unsatisfactory. In terms of getting respect, love and affection from the family members instead they were considered as burden for other. Women living in the families had negative attitude towards old age because they were neglected by off spring.
Detection and Antibiogram Study of an Important Diarrheagenic Pathotype-Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
Authors: D. Patel Darshan , A. Hajoor Murtaza , P. Naik Jignaben
Published: August 2024

Globally diarrhoea remains the second leading cause of death in children. Among the etiology, bacterial pathogens diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is important etiological agents. Most DEC produce a large outer membrane protein intimin encoded by eaeA gene which is the genetic determinant of the formation of attaching/effacing (A/E) lesion, a central mechanism in the pathogenesis and strains containing eaeA are categorized as enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). EPEC is a cause of broad-spectrum gastrointestinal infections among humans and animals, especially in developing countries. Severe EPEC infections can lead to death. This study was intended to detection of EPEC and its antibiotic sensitivity patterns from diarrheic children and environment of Surat, Gujarat, India during 2021-2023. Total of 252 stool, 334 food and 379environs samples were processed for the detection of EPEC. Primary isolation of E. coli using microbiological technique were followed by Polymerase Chain Reaction-duplex PCR for genus specific 16SrRNA and eaeA genes. Antibiogram were determined by Kirby-Bauer test for 24 antimicrobial agents. In this study, 184 (73.03%) from diarrheic stool, 171 (51.32%) from food and 225 (59.12%) from environ samples were confirmed as E. coli. Overall prevalence of EPEC among the examined samples was 2.58% (n= 15/580). Highest susceptibility of the EPEC isolates was found against Gentamicin, Amikacin, Ofloxacin, Meropenem (100%) and 73.3%were distinct as multi-drug resistant (MDR). In conclusion, the emergence of MDR-EPEC from environ sources is a public health concern. E. coli (including EPEC) isolates are important inter- and intraspecies disseminators of antimicrobial resistance.
Haematological Indices of Plasomodium berghei NK65 Infected Mice Treated with Ethanol Extract of Arthropteris palisotii
Authors: Obi Abang Magdalene , Osine Enyike Jonathan , Ejim Victor , Eneji Egbung Josephine
Published: August 2024

Malaria continues to be a major global health issue, with more than three hundred million infections and one million deaths every year. Despite extensive efforts to control the disease, drug resistance and the emergence of new Plasmodium strains remain persistent challenges, necessitating the exploration of innovative therapeutic strategies. The study investigated the impact of varying doses of Arthropteris palisotii extract on some haematological indices in Swiss albino mice infected with Plasmodium berghei NK65. Swiss albino mice were inoculated intra-peritoneally with Plasmodium berghei NK65. The mice were grouped into six groups, six mice per group. Group NC were not infected with P.berghei, Group Neg.C and SD served as both negative and standard controls respectively, while Group LD, MD, and HD were treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight of Arthropteris palisotii extract respectively. After treatment period, all mice were sedated with ketamine and dissected. Blood obtained by cardiac puncture using EDTA treated bottles, sterile syringes and needles. Hematological indices were measured using standard methods. The extract caused 14.3%, 36.3% and 69.2% suppression in parasitaemia at 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight respectively while Artesunate exerted 10.1% suppression at 5mg/kg body weight. There were significant decreases (P<0.05) in parasite density in the groups treated with extract of Arthropteris palisotii compared to the untreated group (Neg.C). Arthropteris palisotii exhibited significant performance in enhancing mild erythropoiesis, as well as in protecting blood cells from potential infections resulting from the inflammatory responses by Plasmodium bergheiin malaria conditions.
Sodium Nitrate Attenuates Session Perceived Exertion During and After High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise
Authors: Sacramento Henrique Silva , Zagatto Alessandro Moura , Caperuto Erico , Santos Rafael dos , Acevedo Edmund O. , Campos Eduardo Zapaterra
Published: August 2024

Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) is related to peripheral sensations and central discharge during exercise. Therefore, nutritional interventions that alleviate both peripheral and central demand during exercise may interfere on RPE response. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to test the effects of acute sodium nitrate supplementation on RPE and session RPE (RPE-s) during and after high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE), respectively. Fifteen subjects were submitted to an incremental exercise test to determine maximal aerobic speed (MAS), and afterwards randomly performed two HIIE (10 x 1 min at 100% of MAS and 1 min of passive recovery) 2h30min after the ingestion 8.4 mg·kg− 1 of both sodium nitrate (SN) and placebo. The RPE was measured during the warm-up (7 min at 75% of MAS), HIIE (after each effort), and 30 min after the HIIE (RPE-s). Area under the curve of RPE during HIIE was also calculated (RPEAUC) The comparison of RPE during the effort was performed by the Friedman test, while the comparison between RPE at 75% of MAS, RPEAUC, and RPE-s was performed by paired Student’s t test. SN reduced RPE (75% of MAS) (t = 4.52; p < 0.05), RPEAUC (t = 4.28; p < 0.05), and RPE-s (t = 3.92; p < 0.05) compared to placebo. During the HIIE, SN promoted lower RPE from the 5th to the 10th effort (z = 2.6–3.0; p < 0.05). SN supplementation reduces overall RPE during warm-up, HIIE and after exercise. This indicate the SN can be used as a strategy to reduce the effort perception during intermittent exercises. Other studies may want to investigate whether SN changes interferes on training load.
How antimicrobial plant extracts can affect the in vitro cell-mediated response in free-range Mangalitsa pigs
Authors: ANDREEA RUSU LAURA , DANA ȘANDRU CARMEN , DIANA OLAH , EMOKE PALL , CONSTANTIN CERBU , AUREL VASIU , COZMA VASILE , MIHAI BĂIEȘ , MARINA SPÎNU
Published: August 2024

The Mangalitsa pig bread, becoming more and more popular, is raised in Romania, especially on low input farms, for its tasty and unique flavoured meat. In such systems, the survival of animals and the outcome of the impact of pathogens on health is highly depend on the pigs’ immunity. Thus medicinal plants which are known for their biological activities, available on the pastures or in the feed provided, could act as immunity enhancers, strengthening the pigs’ resistance to diseases. The research was carried out on extensively raised suckling, weaned piglets and sows of the Mangalitsa breed, divided by ages in groups of ten (n=10). Blood samples were taken, for ethical and health concern reasons, during the campaign for brucellosis testing, official in Romania. The samples were then transported to the laboratory in less than four hours and immediately subjected to the leukocyte blast transformation test. For this, the blood was mixed 1:4 with RPMI1640 (Sigma Aldrich, USA), then divided in 200 µl aliquots/well, in 96 well-plates and supplemented with alcoholic plant extracts (Calendula officinalis, Satureja hortensis, Allium sativum, Coriandrum sativum, Cucurbita pepo), 1.5 µl/well, in duplicate. After a 48 h incubation period at 37⁰C, the cultures were tested for residual glucose in the supernatant by the orto-toluidin test, obtaining a green compound quantified by spectrophotometry (SUMAL PE2, Karl Zeiss, Jena, =610 nm, d=0.5 cm). The glucose consumption (%) was calculated versus the initial culture medium glucose content for each variant. The variant and the groups were then compared by Student’s t test for statistical significance of the results. The results indicated statistically significant differences between the young age groups, suckling and weaned piglets (p=0.017 to 0.000016) for all plants except marigold, for weaned piglets and sows (p=0.0001-0.0359), for all plant extracts, while for suckling piglets – sows p=0.0035 and p=0.0461 were recorded for summer savory and garlic, respectively. The plant extracts used known for biological effects impacted based on the age of the pigs and plant family, proving their immune stimulating capacity.
Sultan Alp Arslan’ın Merkezi Otoriteyi Sağlama Çabaları 2: Herat ve Sağaniyan Seferleri
Authors: Tokan Özgür
Published: August 2024

Büyük Selçuklu Devleti zaman zaman taht kavgaları ve iç isyanlarla sarsılmış ve bunların doğal sonucu olarak merkezi otoritesini kaybetmiştir. Bu duruma verilebilecek önemli örneklerden birisi devletin ilk hükümdarı Sultan Tuğrul’un hayatını kaybetmesiyle (Eylül 1063) yaşanmıştır. Bu sırada bir yandan veliaht Süleyman’ın hükümdarlığını tanımayan Kutalmış ve Musa Yabgu gibi hanedan üyeleri isyan etmiş, diğer yandan da Sağaniyan ve Huttelan emirleri merkeze karşı başkaldırmıştır. Fakat bu isyanlarla çözülmeye başlayan devleti içinde bulunduğu durumdan siyasi ve askeri alanlarda oldukça tecrübeli olan Alp Arslan kurtarmıştır. Alp Arslan gerçekleştirdiği askeri seferlerle önce Huttelan’ı ve Musa Yabgu’un isyan teşebbüsüyle ele geçirdiği Herat’ı daha sonra da Sağaniyan’ı kontrolü altına alarak buraları tekrar merkeze bağlamıştır. Onun bu başarısı hem Melik Kutalmış karşısına güçlü bir şekilde çıkıp tahtı elde etmesine hem de sonraki askeri seferlerini batı yönünde gerçekleştirmesine imkân sağlamıştır. Daha önceki bir çalışmamızda burada bahsi edilen Huttelan seferi ele alınmış ve incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada ise geriye kalan iki sefer, yani Herat ve Sağaniyan üzerine yapılan askeri seferler ele alınmıştır.
Kazak Türkçesinde Jılqı Söz Varlığı Üzerine Alt Anlamlılık (Hyponymy) İncelemesi
Authors: Akbulut Tayhan Sümeyye Betül
Published: August 2024

Hyponymy, özel niteliklere sahip olan kavramın bir üst sınıfa tür olarak bağlı olmasıdır. Burada üst kavram olan, içeren, kapsayan, üst küme üst anlamlılık (hyperonim, superordinate) olarak adlandırılır. Hiponimi her ne kadar hiperoniminin kapsayıcılığı altında bulunsa da sahip olduğu özellikler onu hiperonimiden farklı kılar. O, sahip olduğu bu özellikler ile kendi sınıfı içerisinde de diğer üyelerden de ayrılır. Bu sınıf hiyerarşik bir düzene sahiptir. Alt küme içerisinde yer alan üyeler, üst kümeye bulunduğu aidiyeti gösterir. Örneğin; “gül, lale, zambak, nergis, sümbül, nilüfer” kelimeleri “çiçek” kelimesinin alt anlamlısıdır. Bu çiçek türleri özellikleri itibariyle birbirinden ve üst anlamı olan çiçek teriminden farklılık gösterir. Bu farklılık içerme bağıntısının tek taraflı olduğunun göstergesidir. Örneğin, “gül”ün bir “çiçek” olduğunu biliriz, ancak “çiçek” denildiği zaman bunun “gül” olduğunu bilemeyiz. Bu durum aynı zamanda özelden genele ulaşma imkânı sağlar.
Exploring climate-change impacts on streamflow and hydropower potential: insights from CMIP6 multi-GCM analysis
Authors: Chanda Nikki , Chintalacheruvu Madhusudana Rao , Choudhary Anil Kumar
Published: August 2024

The generation of hydropower is profoundly influenced by shifts in streamflow patterns induced by climate change. This research examines changes in streamflow and the potential surge in hydropower generation over a span of 35 years (2015–2050) at the Bhakra Dam site within the Upper Sutlej River basin. Employing a deep learning methodology, particularly the long short-term memory (LSTM) model, in conjunction with Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) 6 multi-global climate model (GCM), facilitates a thorough analysis of these dynamics. Six out of 14 bias-corrected statistically downscaled datasets (0.25° × 0.25° grid resolution) from CMIP6 multi-GCM were selected based on entropy and combined compromise solution techniques. This innovative approach is utilized to assess streamflows and project potential increases in hydropower at the Bhakra Dam site under shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) scenarios, specifically SSP245 and SSP585. The results indicate a maximum increase of approximately 15% and 17% in mean monthly streamflow under SSP245 and SSP585, respectively. Moreover, dependability flows calculated at Q50, Q75, and Q90 show respective rises of 13%, 16%, and 17% under SSP245 and 21%, 17%, and 18% under SSP585. The projected hydropower potential exhibits an increase of up to 15.9% and 17.3% under SSP245 and SSP585, respectively.
INOVAÇÃO E PLANO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO INSTITUCIONAL DE UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DO ESTADO DA BAHIA
Authors: Juiz Paulo José Lima , Silva Karoline Greice  Viana Cardoso da , Pires Edilson Araújo , Azevedo Alessandra Bandeira Antunes de , José Campos Alves Reinaldo
Published: August 2024

O plano de desenvolvimento institucional (PDI) é um instrumento que serve como guia estratégico para implementar e monitorar ações  para o desenvolvimento de uma Universidade, neste sentido ele traz informações sobre a visão das instituições em temas específicos, como a inovação. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar como a inovação vem sendo abordada no PDI. Para tanto, o plano de oito Instituições de Ensino Superior Pública com sede no estado da Bahia foram avaliados. Os resultados mostram que a inovação é um tema relevante para as instituições e ele foi trabalhado com base nas diretrizes preconizadas pelo marco legal de inovação, ainda que assuntos como a participação de docentes em empresas, ou o uso do cooperativismo como instrumento para promoção da inovação não tenham sido explorados. O artigo sugere a criação de regimentos específicos para gestão de tópicos relevantes como laboratório multiusuários e incentiva a incubação de cooperativas oriundas de grupos de pesquisa e de extensão, para fomentar o desenvolvimento de produtos e processos tecnológicos para inovação.
Discovering Ecuador: Nature and traditions for young and old explorers
Authors: Mero-Alcívar Carmen Magdalena , Sornoza-Menéndez Carlos Eduardo , Ibarra-Quimi Tatiana Lizeth , Macias-Cedeño Maryury Yahaira , Zambrano-Macías Jessica María
Published: August 2024

Teaching children at an early age is essential so that they can know and explore the nature of their environment. The research aims to involve students between 3 and 4 years old in the exploration and knowledge of everything that surrounds them related to the environment. Landscape mainly in the place where they live and study, to then teach them the traditions of the different cultures and regions of Ecuador. So in their adolescence and youth, they are interested in getting to know the towns, fauna, landscapes, traditions and gastronomy of the various tourist places that exist in our country Ecuador. The descriptive and interpretive method was used as a methodology through recreational activities and significant experiences. The result was that the children were able to acquire knowledge about the geographical and cultural diversity of their environment and the country with a sense of their own identity and appreciation for their immediate environment. Likewise, adolescents and young people, through interpretations, dramatizations and presentations with costumes and the gastronomic part, acquire knowledge of the biodiversity of the regions of the country.
Diskursus Elite Politik di Media Alternatif
Authors: Wahid Abdul
Published: August 2024

A reliance on official sources and a tendency to reinforce established narratives characterize mainstream media representations of political elites. This study seeks to analyze how Sediksi, as an alternative media, interprets political elites. Through critical discourse analysis, it examines how hegemony and inequality are reproduced through language, especially from the perspective of marginalized groups. This study shows that alternative media provides a critical lens that challenges dominant elite representations. By using satirical language, alternative media interpret elites as dwarfed by various associations with incompetence, ignorance, corruption, deceit, and marginalized communities. Alternative media not only provides space for criticism of political elites, but also empowers the public to challenge the narratives imposed by dominant forces. By amplifying marginalized voices, alternative media encourages collective resistance and builds public awareness by presenting issues that people often face in their daily lives. This study argues that alternative media is capable of creating more inclusive interpretations and siding with marginalized perspectives.
Efecto de un programa de entrenamiento cognitivo de la función ejecutiva sobre el componente de planeación en adultos con discapacidad intelectual leve
Authors: Acosta Echavarría Álvaro Alejandro , Montoya Arenas David Andrés , Landinez Daniel , González Uribe Ana María , Gómez Tabares Anyerson Stiths
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Disability today is represented in approximately 1 billion people worldwide, whose condition generates limitations that encompass functional, adaptive and cognitive. Objective: to evaluate the effect of a computerized cognitive training program on the executive function of planning in people with mild intellectual disability. Methodology: A quasi-experimental design was used with 10 participants, who received 20 training sessions for 2 months. Planning skills were evaluated before and after the program. Results: Significant improvements in planning skills were evidenced after the training. Participants were able to complete the maze and king figure tasks in less time, indicating greater efficiency in problem solving. These findings support the effectiveness of computerized cognitive training in improving cognitive performance in people with mild intellectual disability. Conclusions: These results are relevant in the field of neuropsychology, as they demonstrate that computerized programs can have a positive impact on the development of executive functions in this population. In addition, they highlight the importance of using interactive and technological approaches in psychopedagogical and neuropsychological interventions.