bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The study of surface wetting, nanobubbles and boundary slip with an applied voltage: A review
Authors: Pan Yunlu , Bhushan Bharat , Zhao Xuezeng
Published: July 2014

The drag of fluid flow at the solid–liquid interface in the micro/nanoscale is an important issue in micro/nanofluidic systems. Drag depends on the surface wetting, nanobubbles, surface charge and boundary slip. Some researchers have focused on the relationship between these interface properties. In this review, the influence of an applied voltage on the surface wettability, nanobubbles, surface charge density and slip length are discussed. The contact angle (CA) and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) of a droplet of deionized (DI) water on a hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) surface were measured with applied direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) voltages. The nanobubbles in DI water and three kinds of saline solution on a PS surface were imaged when a voltage was applied. The influence of the surface charge density on the nanobubbles was analyzed. Then the slip length and the electrostatic force on the probe were measured on an octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) surface with applied voltage. The influence of the surface charge on the boundary slip and drag of fluid flow has been discussed. Finally, the influence of the applied voltage on the surface wetting, nanobubbles, surface charge, boundary slip and the drag of liquid flow are summarized. With a smaller surface charge density which could be achieved by applying a voltage on the surface, larger and fewer nanobubbles, a larger slip length and a smaller drag of liquid flow could be found.
Improving the reactivity of phenylacetylene macrocycles toward topochemical polymerization by side chains modification
Authors: Rondeau-Gagné Simon , Néabo Jules Roméo , Daigle Maxime , Cantin Katy , Morin Jean-François
Published: July 2014

The synthesis and self-assembly of two new phenylacetylene macrocycle (PAM) organogelators were performed. Polar 2-hydroxyethoxy side chains were incorporated in the inner part of the macrocycles to modify the assembly mode in the gel state. With this modification, it was possible to increase the reactivity of the macrocycles in the xerogel state to form polydiacetylenes (PDAs), leading to a significant enhancement of the polymerization yields. The organogels and the PDAs were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Between India and the Indies: German mercantile networks, the struggle for the imperial crown and the naming of the New World
Authors: Pieper Renate
Published: July 2014

In 1507, the excitement over the publication of the Mundus Novus led to the naming of a new continent on the map, a globe and a learned treatise as an appendix to an edition of a work by Ptolemy published in Saint-Dié, Lorraine. Network analysis of the cities where the broadsheet Mundus Novus, attributed to Amerigo Vespucci, appeared shows that the text was mainly published in German mercantile cities, especially Augsburg and Nuremberg between 1504 and 1506. There is strong evidence that this text about the voyages of Amerigo Vespucci was primarily issued to raise money in order to finance German mercantile investments in the Portuguese fleet to Asia in 1505-1506. In 1507, the map and the globe with the new name for the New World demonstrated the riches that the members of the Diet of Konstanz might obtain if they supported Maximilian in his expedition to Italy and his quest for the imperial crown. Thus, the struggle between Maximilian I and Louis XII for the title of Holy Roman Emperor and the need for investment in German trade with Asia determined the invention of America.
The Philippine Islands: a vital crossroads during the first globalization period
Authors: Martínez Shaw Carlos , Alfonso Mola Marina
Published: July 2014

The first globalization is a concept which should be interpreted as the period during which a system of exchanges of every kind (human, economic, cultural) was established between the different continents, unknown to each other until the last decade of the 15th century. After being conquered by Spain in 1565, the Philippine Islands represented a vital crossroads in this process. Firstly, the islands acted as a major distributor of Mexican silver in the Pacific sphere. Secondly, they were Spain’s launching pad for access to neighbouring kingdoms (China, Japan, the countries of Southeast Asia, the Spice Islands), with which it was connected by means of trade, missionary activities, diplomacy and sometimes war. News, learning and exotic products were taken from the islands to Mexico and other parts of Spanish America. Lastly, the Philippine Islands were connected directly to the mother country following the opening of the Cape of Good Hope route by various ships, dispatched first by the Navy, then by private trading companies and lastly, by the Royal Company of the Philippines. The Seville (or Cádiz)-Veracruz-Mexico City-Acapulco-Manila axis, with movement in both directions, served as a permanent route for the exchange of precious metals and exotic products.
On the spatial nature of institutions and the institutional nature of personal networks in the Spanish Atlantic
Authors: Grafe Regina
Published: July 2014

Studies of commercial, cultural and political networks in the Atlantic tend to juxtapose the soft ties of networks to the hard rules of imperial law and trade regulation. The implicit or explicit assumption has been that networks in the Spanish Atlantic served primarily as an antidote to the organisation of the empire and broke out of its spatial boundaries. Networks stood for fluidity, as opposed to the static structures of state and church. This article argues in contrast that networks not only were institutions, but that the empire’s institutions were (mostly) networks. It uses the case of the English Atlantic networks operating in northern Spain in the first half of the seventeenth century to show how our interpretation of the interactions between merchant networks and political institutions is transformed when we break up the supposed dichotomy between the two.
The formation of a social Hispanic Atlantic space and the integration of merchant communities following the Treaties of Utrecht
Authors: Crespo Solana Ana
Published: July 2014

Current research into Spanish commercial expansion in the Americas has recently turned to a new consideration of space as a historical category. In fact, when the interconnecting processes are analysed, one of the most striking phenomena is the actual “production of the space” in which a wide variety of exchanges took place. This production/creation of space becomes obvious in Spanish colonial commerce. This article discusses the theoretical framework for this spatial perspective, and analyses the impact that this construction of space on the organization of routes and on network formation, as well as its evolution within the institutional context following the Treaties of Utrecht.
A Reporter Mouse Reveals Lineage-Specific and Heterogeneous Expression of IRF8 during Lymphoid and Myeloid Cell Differentiation
Authors: Wang Hongsheng , Yan Ming , Sun Jiafang , Jain Shweta , Yoshimi Ryusuke , Abolfath Sanaz Momben , Ozato Keiko , Coleman William G. , Ng Ashley P. , Metcalf Donald , DiRago Ladina , Nutt Stephen L. , Morse Herbert C.
Published: July 2014

The IFN regulatory factor family member 8 (IRF8) regulates differentiation of lymphoid and myeloid lineage cells by promoting or suppressing lineage-specific genes. How IRF8 promotes hematopoietic progenitors to commit to one lineage while preventing the development of alternative lineages is not known. In this study, we report an IRF8–EGFP fusion protein reporter mouse that revealed previously unrecognized patterns of IRF8 expression. Differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into oligopotent progenitors is associated with progressive increases in IRF8-EGFP expression. However, significant induction of IRF8-EGFP is found in granulocyte–myeloid progenitors and the common lymphoid progenitors but not the megakaryocytic–erythroid progenitors. Surprisingly, IRF8-EGFP identifies three subsets of the seemingly homogeneous granulocyte–myeloid progenitors with an intermediate level of expression of EGFP defining bipotent progenitors that differentiation into either EGFPhi monocytic progenitors or EGFPlo granulocytic progenitors. Also surprisingly, IRF8-EGFP revealed a highly heterogeneous pre–pro-B population with a fluorescence intensity ranging from background to 4 orders above background. Interestingly, IRF8–EGFP readily distinguishes true B cell committed (EGFPint) from those that are noncommitted. Moreover, dendritic cell progenitors expressed extremely high levels of IRF8-EGFP. Taken together, the IRF8-EGFP reporter revealed previously unrecognized subsets with distinct developmental potentials in phenotypically well-defined oligopotent progenitors, providing new insights into the dynamic heterogeneity of developing hematopoietic progenitors.
Organ preservation strategies: Review of literature and their applicability in developing nations
Authors: Dandekar Mitali , D'Cruz Anil
Published: July 2014

There has been a change in practice in locally advanced laryngopharyngeal cancers toward non-surgical treatment modalities. Although, there have been landmark trials pertinent to organ preservation, their applicability in developing nations is a topic of much debate. The organ preservation concept was based on the findings of pivotal trials by the Veterans Affairs, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer group and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Subsequently numerous studies have been designed to evaluate intensification of treatment as well as study toxicity and tolerability. This review critically analyses current evidence for larynx preservation, experience from various centers on organ preservation strategies as well as applicability of these protocols to developing nations.
Seed germination test for heavy metal phytotoxicity assessment
Authors: Bae Jichul , Mercier Gaston , Watson Alan K. , Benoit Diane L.
Published: July 2014

Bae, J., Mercier, G., Watson, A. K. and Benoit, D. L. 2014. Seed germination test for heavy metal phytotoxicity assessment. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1519–1521. We introduced a germination assay for metal toxicity using micro-centrifuge tube and agar media as germination substrate. The additives associated with metal treatment preparation had no effect on germination of four test species. This method can circumvent some of the limitations derived from the traditional petri-dish germination assays.
Bacterial methanotrophs drive the formation of a seasonal anoxic benthic nepheloid layer in an alpine lake
Authors: Blees Jan , Niemann Helge , Wenk Christine B. , Zopfi Jakob , Schubert Carsten J. , Jenzer Joël S. , Veronesi Mauro , Lehmann Moritz F.
Published: July 2014

We investigated the formation and microbial composition of a seasonal benthic nepheloid layer (BNL) in the eutrophic, monomictic southern basin of Lake Lugano. During stratification, a BNL developed at the sediment—water interface and progressively expanded 20–30 m into the water column, following the rising oxic—anoxic interface. The dominance of the fatty acids C16:1ω5, C16:1ω6, C16:1ω7, and C16:1ω8, with δ13C values between −62‰ (ω6) and −80‰ (ω7), suggests that the BNL was composed primarily of Type I aerobic methane oxidizing bacteria (MOB). Indeed, MOB contributed > 75% to the fatty acid carbon pool in the fully developed BNL, with cell densities up to 8.5 × 105 cells mL−1. In ex situ incubation experiments, CH4 turnover rate coefficients were up to 2.1 d−1, which translates into potential CH4 oxidation rates as high as 20 mmol m−3 d−1 under in situ CH4 concentrations. CH4 oxidation was limited by the diffusive supply of O2, and O2 consumption by aerobic CH4 oxidation (up to 13.1 mmol m−2 d−1) appears to be the primary driver of the seasonal growth of the BNL and expansion of the hypolimnetic anoxic zone. Methanotrophic activity at the interface between oxic and anoxic water masses can actuate the formation of a BNL, which in turn functions as an effective microbial CH4 filter in the water column, preventing CH4 transport to surface waters and evasion to the atmosphere. In situ biomass production by methanotrophic bacteria may represent, in addition to sediment resuspension and detritus trapping, a novel BNL formation mechanism.
Enhancing Cross-Border Cooperation through Local Actors’ Involvement. The Case of Tourism Cooperation in Bihor (Romania) – Hajdú-Bihar (Hungary) Euroregion
Authors: Badulescu Alina , Badulescu Daniel , Borma Afrodita
Published: July 2014

For centuries, borders have been considered as firm lines legitimating and defending the essence of the nation-state. However, present times report a redefinition of the role and importance of the border and of the border regions. At European level, the emergence and development of a common European policy have fostered cross-border cooperation (CBC) and self-governance through an increased involvement of local authorities and communities. The paper investigates, both theoretically and based on an empirical quantitative and qualitative research, the role and effectiveness of CBC cooperation in tourism sector in Bihor – Hajdú-Bihar Euroregion.
Autonomy of Public Sector Investments in the Light of the Free Movement of Capital in the EU
Authors: Hojnik Janja
Published: July 2014

This article deals with the impact of the EU’s endeavours to achieve financial market integration and the free movement of capital on rules of the Member States that limit autonomy of public bodies when making investment decisions. These rules have direct importance for rules such as those applicable in Slovenia which require 1,500 public entities to invest their liquid assets exceeding EUR 100,000 solely in securities of the Republic of Slovenia and not in securities of other EU Member States. In this case, they are obliged to offer their liquid assets first to the Ministry of Finance, thereby running the risk that such liquid assets would be decommitted and allocated to other public purposes. The aim of this article is to develop arguments to the effect that, in the light of the freedom of movement of capital as construed by the Court of Justice of the EU, especially in the recent case concerning Polish open pension funds (OPFs) the investment policy of indirect budget spending units should be more open – not only from the viewpoint of ensuring the EU single market but mainly from the perspective of the profitability of public finance. The security of investments can also be achieved in ways other than closing the investment market for all public entities.
A Case Study on Local Initiatives and Questions of National Resources
Authors: Mlakar Lucija Mulej , Zoran Annmarie Gorenc , Mihalik Jaroslav
Published: July 2014

The case study in this paper presents an initial descriptive account of a local initiative in utilizing local resources to stimulate not only economic growth, but also rural resources, knowledge and experience of residents and entrepreneurs. Living Houses project is one example of a tangible local initiative. The descriptive case study describe one local action group located in central Slovenia and their experience with implementing a project that includes principles of rural development set out by EU policy. The authors of the article also present further steps and evaluation tools that need to be implemented into the project.
Cost-efficiency of Drinking Water Supply: Benchmarking Case Study from Slovenia
Authors: Gašperin Bojan , Žnidaršič Anja , Novak Aleš
Published: July 2014

The paper provides theoretical background on benchmarking and presents a cost-efficiency focused benchmarking model for the local water provider performing a mandatory public utility of water supply in the municipality from Gorenjska region. The model comprises a ratio model applied on an available sample of clustered Slovenian municipalities. The results of the developed model suggest relative cost-efficiency of the drinking water supply. The water provider for whom the research has been carried out will use the information obtained from our study for strategic decision-making purposes as well as public relations purposes.
Revisiting the disappearance of terrestrial dissolved organic matter in the ocean: a δ13C study
Authors: Lalonde K. , Vähätalo A. V. , Gélinas Y.
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Organic carbon (OC) depleted in 13C is a widely used tracer for terrestrial organic matter (OM) in aquatic systems. Photochemical reactions can, however, change δ13C of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) when chromophoric, aromatic-rich terrestrial OC is selectively mineralized. We assessed the robustness of the δ13C signature of DOC (δ13CDOC) as a tracer for terrestrial OM by estimating its change during the photobleaching of chromophoric DOM (CDOM) from 10 large rivers. These rivers cumulatively account for approximately one-third of the world's freshwater discharge to the global ocean. Photobleaching of CDOM by simulated solar radiation was associated with the photochemical mineralization of 16 to 43% of the DOC and, by preferentially removing compounds depleted in 13C, caused a 1 to 2.9‰ enrichment in δ13C in the residual DOC. Such solar-radiation-induced photochemical isotopic shift could bias the calculations of terrestrial OM discharge in coastal oceans towards the marine end-member. Shifts in terrestrial δ13CDOC should be taken into account when constraining the terrestrial end-member in global calculation of terrestrially derived DOM in the world ocean.
The Global Gridded Crop Model intercomparison: data and modeling protocols for Phase 1 (v1.0)
Authors: Elliott J. , Müller C. , Deryng D. , Chryssanthacopoulos J. , Boote K. J. , Büchner M. , Foster I. , Glotter M. , Heinke J. , Iizumi T. , Izaurralde R. C. , Mueller N. D. , Ray D. K. , Rosenzweig C. , Ruane A. C. , Sheffield J.
Published: July 2014

Abstract. We present protocols and input data for Phase 1 of the Global Gridded Crop Model Intercomparison, a project of the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project's (AgMIP's) Gridded Crop Modeling Initiative (AgGRID). The project includes global simulations of yields, phenologies, and many land-surface fluxes by 12–15 modeling groups for many crops, climate forcing datasets, and scenarios over the historical period from 1948–2012. The primary outcomes of the project include (1) a detailed comparison of the major differences and similarities among global models commonly used for large-scale climate impact assessment, (2) an evaluation of model and ensemble hindcasting skill, (3) quantification of key uncertainties from climate input data, model choice, and other sources, and (4) a multi-model analysis of the impacts to agriculture of large-scale climate extremes from the historical record.
Flow pathways and nutrient transport mechanisms drive hydrochemical sensitivity to climate change across catchments with different geology and topography
Authors: Crossman J. , Futter M. N. , Whitehead P. G. , Stainsby E. , Baulch H. M. , Jin L. , Oni S. K. , Wilby R. L. , Dillon P. J.
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Hydrological processes determine the transport of nutrients and passage of diffuse pollution. Consequently, catchments are likely to exhibit individual hydrochemical responses (sensitivities) to climate change, which is expected to alter the timing and amount of runoff, and to impact in-stream water quality. In developing robust catchment management strategies and quantifying plausible future hydrochemical conditions it is therefore equally important to consider the potential for spatial variability in, and causal factors of, catchment sensitivity, as to explore future changes in climatic pressures. This study seeks to identify those factors which influence hydrochemical sensitivity to climate change. A perturbed physics ensemble (PPE), derived from a series of Global Climate Model (GCM) variants with specific climate sensitivities was used to project future climate change and uncertainty. Using the Integrated Catchment Model of Phosphorus Dynamics (INCA-P), we quantified potential hydrochemical responses in four neighbouring catchments (with similar land use but varying topographic and geological characteristics) in southern Ontario, Canada. Responses were assessed by comparing a 30 year baseline (1968–1997) to two future periods: 2020–2049 and 2060–2089. Although projected climate change and uncertainties were similar across these catchments, hydrochemical responses (sensitivity) were highly varied. Sensitivity was governed by soil type (influencing flow pathways) and nutrient transport mechanisms. Clay-rich catchments were most sensitive, with total phosphorus (TP) being rapidly transported to rivers via overland flow. In these catchments large annual reductions in TP loads were projected. Sensitivity in the other two catchments, dominated by sandy-loams, was lower due to a larger proportion of soil matrix flow, longer soil water residence times and seasonal variability in soil-P saturation. Here smaller changes in TP loads, predominantly increases, were projected. These results suggest that the clay content of soils could be a good indicator of the sensitivity of catchments to climatic input, and reinforces calls for catchment-specific management plans.
An improved CryoSat-2 sea ice freeboard retrieval algorithm through the use of waveform fitting
Authors: Kurtz N. T. , Galin N. , Studinger M.
Published: July 2014

Abstract. We develop a physical model capable of simulating the mean echo power of CryoSat-2 SAR- and SARIn-mode waveforms over sea-ice-covered regions. The model simulations are used to show the importance of variations in the radar backscatter coefficient with incidence angle and surface roughness for the retrieval of surface elevation of both sea ice floes and leads. The physical model is used to fit CryoSat-2 waveforms to enable retrieval of surface elevation through the use of lookup tables and a bounded trust region Newton least-squares fitting approach. The use of a model to fit returns from sea ice regions offers advantages over currently used threshold retracking methods, which are here shown to be sensitive to the combined effect of bandwidth-limited range resolution and surface roughness variations. Laxon et al. (2013) have compared ice thickness results from CryoSat-2 and IceBridge, and found good agreement; however consistent assumptions about the snow depth and density of sea ice were not used in the comparisons. To address this issue, we directly compare ice freeboard and thickness retrievals from the waveform-fitting and threshold tracker methods of CryoSat-2 to Operation IceBridge data using a consistent set of parameterizations. The purpose of the comparison is to highlight the physical basis between differences in the retracking methods. For three IceBridge campaign periods from March 2011 to March 2013, mean differences (CryoSat-2 – IceBridge) of 0.144 and 1.351 m are found between the freeboard and thickness retrievals, respectively, using a 50% sea ice floe threshold retracker, while mean differences of 0.019 and 0.182 m are found when using the waveform-fitting method. This suggests the waveform-fitting technique is capable of better reconciling the sea ice thickness data record from laser and radar altimetry data sets through the usage of consistent physical assumptions.
Assessing spatio-temporal variability and trends (2000–2013) of modelled and measured Greenland ice sheet albedo
Authors: Alexander P. M. , Tedesco M. , Fettweis X. , van de Wal R. S. W. , Smeets C. J. P. P. , van den Broeke M. R.
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Accurate measurements and simulations of Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface albedo are essential, given the crucial role of surface albedo in modulating the amount of absorbed solar radiation and meltwater production. In this study, we assess the spatio-temporal variability of GrIS albedo (during June, July, and August) for the period 2000–2013. We use two remote sensing products derived from data collected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), as well as outputs from the Modèle Atmosphérique Régionale (MAR) regional climate model (RCM) and data from in situ automatic weather stations. Our results point to an overall consistency in spatiotemporal variability between remote sensing and RCM albedo, but reveal a difference in mean albedo of up to ~0.08 between the two remote sensing products north of 70° N. At low elevations, albedo values simulated by the RCM are positively biased with respect to remote sensing products and in situ measurements by up to ~0.1 and exhibit low variability compared with observations. We infer that these differences are the result of a positive bias in simulated bare-ice albedo. MODIS albedo, RCM outputs and in situ observations consistently point to a~decrease in albedo of −0.03 to −0.06 per decade over the period 2003–2013 for the GrIS ablation zone (where there is a net loss of mass at the GrIS surface). Nevertheless, satellite products show a~decline in albedo of −0.03 to −0.04 per decade for regions within the accumulation zone (where there is a net gain of mass at the surface) that is not confirmed by either the model or in situ observations.
Ice and AIS: ship speed data and sea ice forecasts in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Löptien U. , Axell L.
Published: July 2014

Abstract. The Baltic Sea is a seasonally ice covered marginal sea located in a densely populated area in northern Europe. Severe sea ice conditions have the potential to hinder the intense ship traffic considerably. Thus, sea ice fore- and nowcasts are regularly provided by the national weather services. Typically, several ice properties are allocated, but their actual usefulness is difficult to measure and the ship captains must determine their relative importance and relevance for optimal ship speed and safety ad hoc. The present study provides a more objective approach by comparing the ship speeds, obtained by the Automatic Identification System (AIS), with the respective forecasted ice conditions. We find that, despite an unavoidable random component, this information is useful to constrain and rate fore- and nowcasts. More precisely, 62–67% of ship speed variations can be explained by the forecasted ice properties when fitting a mixed effect model. This statistical fit is based on a test region in the Bothnian Bay during the severe winter 2011 and employes 15 to 25 min averages of ship speed.
Y a-t-il eu vraiment une rencontre entre Ricœur et la philosophie analytique?
Authors: Engel Pascal
Published: July 2014

AbstractPaul Ricœur made a lot to introduce analytic philosophy in France during the 70s and 80s, and he engaged in a dialogue with a number of authors from this tradition, such as Austin, Strawson, Davidson or Parfit. This dialogue, though, was one-sided, since there was no discussion of his views by analytic philosophers. Moreover, Ricœur often misunderstood or misprepresented the analytic views that he was discussing. So in many ways the Ricœur’s encounter with analytic philosophy was unsuccessful, which does not mean that Ricœur’s discussions where unfruitful for his own work. RésuméPaul Ricœur a fait beaucoup pour introduire la philosophie analytique en  France pendant les années 1970 et 1980, et il a entrepris un dialogue avec les auteurs de cette tradition, comme Austin, Strawson, Davidson ou Parfit. Mais ce dialogue est cependant resté unilatéral, car il n’y a pas eu de discussion des thèses de Ricœur au sein de la tradition analytique. De plus Ricœur a souvent mécompris les vues analytiques qu’il discutait. En ce sens il n’y a pas eu de rencontre entre Ricœur et les philosophes analytiques, ce qui ne veut pas dire que les discussions par Ricœur des philosophes anaytiques n’aient pas été fructueuses pour son œuvre propre.
Le dernier Wittgenstein et le dernier Husserl sur le langage
Authors: Ricoeur Paul
Published: July 2014

This article presents an edited version of lectures given by Paul Ricœur at Johns Hopkins University in April 1966. Ricœur offers a comparative analysis of Wittgenstein’s and Husserl’s late works, taking the problem of language as the common ground of investigation for these two central figures of phenomenology and analytic philosophy. Ricœur develops his study in two parts. The first part considers Husserl’s approach to language after the Logical Investigations and concentrates on Formal and Transcendental Logic; leaving a transcendental reflection on language behind it re-examines a phenomenological conception, according to which the sphere of logic is not separable from that of experience. The main focus of the second part is Wittgenstein’s later philosophy as it moved on from the conception of an isomorphic relation between language and the world, as set out in the picture theory in the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, to the more pragmatic notion of a language-game in the Philosophical Investigations. In order to get beyond the irrevocable differences between the two philosophies and the unresolved theoretical issues on both sides, Ricœur suggests turning to a semiological paradigm based on the Saussurean distinction between “language” and “speaking.”Keyword: Analytic Philosophy, Husserl, Phenomenology, Semiology, Wittgenstein. Résumé Cet article est une version éditée de conférences données par Paul Ricœur à la Johns Hopkins University en avril 1966. Ricœur propose une analyse comparée des dernières œuvres de Wittgenstein et Husserl, avec le problème du langage comme sol commun d’investigations pour ces deux figures centrales de la phénoménologie et la philosophie analytique. Cette analyse de Ricœur se joue à travers deux parties. La première partie revient sur l'approche du langage chez Husserl depuis Recherches logiques avec une attention particulière aux développements de Logique formelle et logique transcendantale; dans le cadre d’une réflexion transcendantale sur le langage il revient sur une conception phénoménologique selon laquelle, le domaine du logique n’est pas séparable de celui de l'expérience. La deuxième partie se concentre principalement sur la dernière philosophie de Wittgenstein alors qu’il s'est départi de l’idée d’une relation isomorphique entre le langage et le monde telle que posée par la théorie du tableau dans le Tractatus logico-philosophicus, pour s’engager vers la notion plus pragmatique de jeu de langage dans les Investigations philosophiques. Afin de surmonter les différences irrémédiables entre les deux philosophies et, dans une certaine mesure, certains des problèmes théoriques non résolus depuis les deux bords, Ricœur fait finalement référence à un paradigme sémiologique et à la distinction saussurienne entre “langue” et “parole.”Mots-clés: Husserl, phénoménologie, sémiologie, philosophie analytique, Wittgenstein
Officers Under the Appointments Clause
Authors: Plecnik John T.
Published: July 2014

Much ink has been spilled, and many keyboards worn, debating the definition of “Officers of the United States” under the Appointments Clause of Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 of the U.S. Constitution.  Most recently, this debate has focused on the denizens of the Office of Appeals of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).  In Tucker I, the U.S. Tax Court faced the question of whether the settlement officers, appeals officers, and appeals team managers (collectively, IRS hearing officers) within the Office of Appeals are Officers or mere employees. In Tucker II, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit) faced the same question on appeal. Both courts sided with the IRS in holding that none of the above are Officers.  Although it hardly seems controversial to agree with the Tax Court and D.C. Circuit when the U.S. Supreme Court denies certiorari in the case, remarkably, all previous scholarship disputes the outcome of the Tucker decisions. This Article will defend that outcome as a proper application of Supreme Court precedent.
Front Matter
Authors: Review Tax
Published: July 2014

Front Matter
Travel blogging: An auto-ethnographic study of how online interactions influence a journey
Authors: Magasic Michelangelo
Published: July 2014

Travel blogging’s necessary routine and connectedness directly challenge the sensation of liminality seen as the core experience of travel. Using the lens of auto–ethnography, this paper finds that the practice of travel blogging affects the experience of travel in three main ways:by creating a routine in which the traveller needs to regularly find an Internet connection;in taking the traveller out of the moment and putting them into a detached narratorial role; and,by mediating the experience of travel as the blogger frequently takes their online audience into account as they travel.Taken together, these results suggest that blogging precipitates a constraining effect on travel as it creates structure and commitments which limit the freedom of the journeyer. Moreover, the requirement to narrate in a way that matches the conventions of the blogosphere suggests that blogging travellers will have more homogenous patterns of travel as similar images, sites and destinations are pursued.
A PARÓDIA: UMA ESTRATÉGIA DE PROVOCAÇÃO? DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i1.28483
Authors: MACHADO Ida Lucia
Published: July 2014

Neste artigo, abordaremos o fenômeno linguageiro da paródia, em uma tentativa de localizar alguns dos elementos que acompanham (ou parecem acompanhar) seus procedimentos de construção. A Análise do Discurso e mais especialmente a Semiolinguística, de Patrick Charaudeau, constituirá a base teórica do presente trabalho. Alguns excertos de textos paródicos ilustrarão o artigo e também serão usados como instrumental de análise. O artigo busca responder a questão: A paródia, claramente exposta seria uma estratégia de provocação para criticar alguém ou alguma coisa ou ela ambiciona apenas fazer rir aqueles que saberão reconhecê-la?
A RECONFIGURAÇÃO DO CIÚME EM A MULHER SEM PECADO DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i1.28487
Authors: SILVA Ana Érica Reis da , MURATA Elza Kioko Nakayama Nenoki
Published: July 2014

No âmbito literário, podemos afirmar que é a paixão que movimenta a história, podendo contribuir algumas vezes para o seu desfecho. Na peça A mulher sem pecado, Nelson Rodrigues aborda a paixão do ciúme de forma diferenciada, pois o papel de ciumento cabe ao homem. A fim de investigar como ocorre a reconfiguração dessa paixão na peça, será realizado um cotejo com as obras Otelo e Dom Casmurro, que evidenciam o ciúme masculino, bem como seus respectivos personagens principais Lídia e Olegário, Capitu e Bentinho, Desdêmona e Otelo, apontando as semelhanças e divergências.
A RELAÇÃO LÍNGUA, SUJEITO E DISCURSO NOS ESTUDOS SOBRE A LINGUAGEM: A CONCEPÇÃO PECHETIANA E BENVENISTIANA DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i1.28495
Authors: TATSCH Juliane
Published: July 2014

Este artigo apresenta as concepções de língua, sujeito e discurso discutidas por Émile Benveniste e por Michel Pêcheux, bem como a contribuição de suas teorias para o desenvolvimento dos estudos enunciativos e discursivos, visando estudar, através da Linguística, as problemáticas impostas pelo campo da Análise de Discurso, estabelecendo a necessidade de articulação desta disciplina com outras áreas das ciências humanas.
POLIFONIA COMO EFEITO DISCURSIVO DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i1.28498
Authors: FIGUEIRA Luís Fernando Bulhões
Published: July 2014

Neste artigo, pretendo discutir o conceito de polifonia, concebido pelo filósofo da linguagem russo Mikhail Bakhtin. Procuro demonstrar que o conceito foi desenvolvido, considerando a perspectiva do autor, enquanto um recurso composicional ou um tipo de arranjo textual em produções literárias. Diferentemente, eu examino o mesmo conceito sob a base teórica da Análise do Discurso Francesa, considerando a polifonia como um efeito discursivo produzido nos sujeitos quando da leitura de determinados textos literários.
UM ESTUDO DO DISCURSO POLÍTICO NA ESFERA POLÍTICA INTERNACIONAL DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i1.28502
Authors: PALUMBO Renata
Published: July 2014

Neste artigo, examinamos como o tema sobre a fome mundial foi atualizado no discurso proferido pelo ex-presidente da República Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva na Organização das Nações Unidas, em Nova Iorque, 2003. Utilizamos como pressupostos teóricos os estudos do Círculo de Bakhtin (1928/1985/2008, 1929/1992, 1963/1997, 1979/2003), em específico, as reflexões sobre gênero discursivo e linguagem ideológica.
OS EMPRÉSTIMOS DO PORTUGUÊS E DO INGLÊS NA LÍNGUA XICHANGANA EM MOÇAMBIQUE DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i2.28488
Authors: TIMBANE Alexandre António
Published: July 2014

A presente pesquisa versa sobre a problemática do contato linguístico entre o xichangana com o português e o inglês na região sul de Moçambique. O objetivo é identificar os empréstimos lexicais provenientes do português e do inglês no xichangana bem como os processos da sua integração. Conclui-se que os empréstimos vindos do português e do inglês são adaptados ortográfico-foneticamente integrando-se nas classes nominais e seguindo as normas da gramática do xichangana.
LINGUAGEM E CULTURA: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE OS HOMENS PRETOS DA IRMANDADE DE “ARRAYAL DE BOMFIM DE GOYAZ” DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i2.28491
Authors: DUARTE SILVA Luana , PAULA Maria Helena de
Published: July 2014

O presente estudo intenta apresentar, através de alguns itens lexicais, uma breve discussão acerca da luta pela sobrevivência social e cultural dos negros escravos do “Arra?al de Bomfim de Go?az” nos idos setecentos, a fim de pontuar a sua submissão à crença católica, como forma de resistência social, cultural e, ainda, religiosa no período escravocrata. Para esse estudo, valemo-nos da edição semidiplomática do livro de estatuto da comunidade de “Arra?al de Bomfim de Go?az”, de um recorte do seu inventário lexical e das discussões bibliográficas da história da escravidão no Brasil colonial, notadamente na capitania de Goiás, além da revisão bibliográfica da teoria lexical para a análise dos dados em recorte no estudo em tela.
SERMÃO DA MISERICÓRDIA, DE FREI DOMINGOS: MODERNIZAÇÃO PARA PRESERVAÇÃO DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i2.28492
Authors: NUNES Marília Andrade
Published: July 2014

Este artigo trata da modernização em Sermão da Misericórdia, de Dom Frei Domingos da Transfiguração Machado. Depois de se traçar breve panorama da vida do Frei, apresentam-se informações acerca do processo de modernização, acompanhadas das justificativas para tal, os critérios e a metodologia adotados. Espera-se, com este trabalho, evidenciar a relevância das intervenções realizadas em Sermão da Misericórdia e, assim, contribuir para o labor filológico de todos que se interessam pelo tema.
O MODELO SEMIÓTICO DE LUIZ TATIT E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NA ANÁLISE DA CANÇÃO POPULAR NO BRASIL: ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES INICIAIS DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i2.28496
Authors: OLIVEIRA Acauam Silvério de
Published: July 2014

O presente artigo parte de uma tentativa de localizar o modelo semiótico de interpretação da canção popular proposto por Luiz Tatit no interior dos desdobramentos da teoria semiótica greimasiana, para, em seguida, pensar qual a sua especificidade enquanto modelo analítico, entendendo de que modo sua contribuição pode operar uma verdadeira mudança de paradigma na compreensão da canção brasileira, que implica uma transformação mais geral do próprio sistema de valoração estético.
TÓPICOS DE LITERATURA E ENSINO DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i2.28497
Authors: CARDOSO João Batista
Published: July 2014

O ensino de literatura para alunos da educação básica não pode mais ficar restrito às classificações do fenômeno em escolas literárias, pois em cada época há ênfases estéticas que predominam, mas sem exclusividade. Além disso, a restrição do ensino a uma amostragem de autores nacionais de fácil entendimento priva o aluno do desenvolvimento de uma visão mais ampla e coerente.
OSING FACE TO KEEP LIFE: ESTRATÉGIAS DE NEGOCIAÇÃO DA SUBJECTIVIDADE DOI: 10.5216/lep.v16i2.28499
Authors: FERNANDES Miguel Ângelo Rodrigues
Published: July 2014

Em tempos de grandes dinâmicas transformacionais, que afectam os relacionamentos interpessoais, o aspecto performativo da linguagem assume-se como questão crucial. Por intermédio de considerações dos modos relacionais estabelecidos entre personagens do romance The Hobbit, de J. R. R. Tolkien, mostrar-se-á que as questões de face ou de projecção da subjectvidade são determinantes para a vida.
UMA LEITURA ESPACIAL NOS CONTOS “DUELO” E “A HORA E A VEZ DE AUGUSTO MATRAGA”, DE JOÃO GUIMARÃES ROSA DOI: 10.5216/lep.v17i1.30433
Authors: STACCIARINI Letícia Santana , CAVALCANTE Maria Imaculada
Published: July 2014

O autor Guimarães Rosa mostra-se atento à importância do espaço na criação de seus enredos. Frente ao exposto, enumera-se que, focando especialmente na representatividade do elemento espacial, foram selecionados dois contos com o intuito de se desenvolver uma leitura mais aprofundada nesse sentido. Tais criações literárias - “Duelo” e “A Hora e a Vez de Augusto Matraga” - também são tidas como frutos de extensas observações do sertão mineiro e das mais plurais experiências de vida do autor.
A RELIGIOSIDADE NA TOPONÍMIA DO OESTE PARANAENSE DOI: 10.5216/lep.v17i1.30442
Authors: ANANIAS Anna Carolina Chierotti dos Santos
Published: July 2014

Este trabalho discute a relação entre hagiotopônimos (topônimos de natureza religiosa) e fatores sócio-históricos e ambientais no Oeste Paranaesne. O estudo demonstrou que o léxico toponímico tende a evidenciar aspectos da atitude do homem diante do meio, à medida que os topônimos fornecem pistas sobre o sistema de povoamento e, em especial, acerca de ideologias, valores religiosos e míticos veiculados pelo imaginário popular
“UM COPO DE CÓLERA”: ENTRE A LITERATURA E O CINEMA O ESPAÇO COMO ESPETÁCULO DA VIDA DOI: 10.5216/lep.v17i1.30448
Authors: DE SALES Jucelino
Published: July 2014

Pretende-se discutir neste artigo algumas relações entre literatura e cinema, a partir do romance “Um copo de cólera” do escritor Raduan Nassar (1992) e de sua adaptação para o cinema, conduzida pelo cineasta Aluizio Abranches. Serão tratadas questões relacionadas ao espaço na narrativa moderna e questões relacionadas à adaptação cinematográfica. Procura-se investigar a proposição de que a narrativa moderna converge para a espacialização de sua forma, bem como analisar a importância do espaço na linguagem cinematográfica.
ORIGEM DE UAI: UMA HIPÓTESE CAIPIRA DOI: 10.5216/lep.v17i1.30449
Authors: BATISTA Hadinei Ribeiro , CAMARGOS Marco Aurélio Cunha
Published: July 2014

O principal objetivo deste artigo é testar uma hipótese sugerida por Amaral (1976) sobre a origem da famosa interjeição mineira uai. Para esse autor, a forma uai derivou de um processo de mudança fônica que se iniciou no vocábulo olhai, no falar de roceiros paulistas.
O CONFRONTO ENTRE SABER E PODER EM TORNO DA LITERATURA DITA MARGINAL DOI: 10.5216/lep.v17i2.30484
Authors: FERNANDES Carolina , ACOSTA Joana D’Arc Camargo Borges
Published: July 2014

Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender o processo discursivo de elaboração do conceito de Literatura Marginal e como esses discursos são influenciados pelo Cânone Literário. A análise é realizada sob o ponto de vista da Análise do Discurso Francesa, e o corpus é constituído por sequências discursivas retiradas de entrevistas e posts de escritores cuja literatura é considerada marginal. Diante da análise realizada, podemos concluir que o conceito de Literatura Marginal se formula no embate entre o saber e o poder, apontando a contradição na formação discursiva literária.
O NASCIMENTO DE UM SUPER-HOMEM - LINGUAGEM E SUBJETIVIDADE EM “MEU AMIGO NIETZSCHE" DOI:10.5216/lep.v17i2.30485
Authors: BARROS-CAIRO Cecília
Published: July 2014

Na produção textual que então apresentamos, a proposta é fazer convergir os entendimentos sobre linguagem e subjetividade nos pensamentos de Michel Foucault e Friedrich Nietzsche a partir da análise do curta-metragem “Meu amigo Nietzsche”, dirigido pelo cineasta Fáuston da Silva em 2012. Nesse encontro das teorias foucaultiana e nietzschiana, considerando a descontinuidade da história e a composição dos sujeitos no seu interior, nos pomos a problematizar as formas de linguagem e subjetividade que são evidenciadas na produção fílmica que roteiriza o insucesso escolar de um menino da periferia de Brasília que conhece Zaratrustra, quase fortuitamente, no lixão, e transmuta o seu fracasso em vontade de potência. O encontro com a linguagem do livro de Nietzsche em meio às práticas discursivas e sociais que regimentam sua vida faz com que o menino Lucas passe a produzir invenções de si mesmo, desembocando novas formas de subjetividade, fazendo nascer um Super-Homem em uma relação propriamente ética de cuidado e de governo de si. É importante acrescentar que, partindo das reflexões em torno das obras de Foucault e de Nietzsche e pensando os atravessamentos discursivos da materialidade fílmica que também nos constitui, este texto se torna agenciador do conhecimento de nós mesmos e dos nossos posicionamentos na (e com a) vida, todo dia.
CONSIDERAÇÕES ACERCA DA FICIONALIDADE E DA DIMENSÃO ARGUMENTATIVA EM “DOM CASMURRO” DOI: 10.5216/lep.v17i2.30487
Authors: MIRANDA Cristia Rodrigues
Published: July 2014

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar, sob uma perspectiva retórico-discursiva o discurso ficcional e argumentativo presente em “Dom Casmurro”. Para tanto, partir-se-á da hipótese que o discurso narrativo de Bentinho, personagem-narrador, sugere uma pergunta que se cristalizou na recepção e que aponta para a dúvida acerca da tese: “Capitu, traiu ou não Bentinho?”. Para análise desses efeitos nos foram úteis Mendes (2011) e (2004), sobre os estudos de ficcionalidade. Perelman e Olbrechts-Tyteca (2005), Amossy (2011) e Aristóteles (2008) nos auxiliaram para analisar a dimensão argumentativa e as categorias retóricas supostamente presentes na obra. Como resultado a análise apontou para um desdobramento e um dialogismo retórico que transforma acusador em acusado, ou seja, narrador em réu e narratário em juiz. Todo esse jogo narrativo só seria possível através do contrato ficcional e da dimensão argumentativa da linguagem.
TEORIAS LINGUÍSTICAS COMO CONTRIBUIÇÃO À ESCRITA DA HISTÓRIA LITERÁRIA: QUESTÕES DE LÍNGUA E LINGUAGEM NO ROMANCE DOI: 10.5216/lep.v17i2.30488
Authors: DA SILVA Daniela Silva
Published: July 2014

Esta reflexão procura estabelecer um diálogo entre Mikhail Bakhtin, Émile Benveniste e Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht no sentido de discutir e aproximar alguns conceitos provenientes tanto da área da linguística quanto da literatura. Tal discussão aproximativa tem por intuito pensar o gênero romanesco como objeto para uma história da literatura a partir do discurso.
“MEMORIAL DO CONVENTO”, DE JOSÉ SARAMAGO: EMBATE ENTRE O DISCURSO, A HISTÓRIA E A “VERDADE” DOI: 10.5216/lep.v17i2.30490
Authors: ASSUNÇÃO Karina Luiza De Freitas
Published: July 2014

O autor contemporâneo José Saramago é um dos escritores mais significativos da literatura portuguesa e em seus romances aborda questões sociais e passeia criticamente pela história de Portugal. Sendo assim, o presente artigo toma como objeto de análise alguns fragmentos do romance saramaguiano “Memorial do convento” (2008), com o objetivo analisar como se organiza a construção discursiva da verdade sobre a gravidez da rainha Maria Ana e como se articula a constituição de sua subjetividade. Com o intuito de desenvolver o presente objetivo nos pautaremos na Análise do Discurso de linha francesa e nos estudos realizados por Michel Foucault que ajudam a compreender como se articula a construção discursiva da verdade e sua relação com a historicidade que permeia a sua produção.
UM DISCURSO SOBRE O MOVIMENTO ESTUDANTIL BRASILEIRO: ANÁLISE FOUCAULTIANA EM TORNO DE BUÑUEL DOI: 10.5216/lep.v17i2.30492
Authors: MOTTA Priscila Canova , GASPAR Nádea Regina
Published: July 2014

O objetivo desta pesquisa é o de compreender, por meio dos postulados “arqueologia”, “historicidade”, “práticas discursivas”, “sujeito, saber e poder”, de Michel Foucault, alguns discursos de cunho oficiais e científicos sobre os movimentos estudantis ocorridos em 1968 e 1992, no Brasil, traçando relações entre eles e o filme “O Discreto Charme da Burguesia”, de Luis Buñuel (1972).