bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING PRESERVICE BIOLOGY TEACHERS’ SPATIAL THINKING IN PLANT ANATOMY COURSE THROUGH FRAMING
Authors: Ermayanti Ermayanti , Rustaman Nuryani Y , Rahmat Adi
Published: March 2024

In this study, we reported the implementation of framing in plant anatomy course and how framing improves preservice biology teachers' spatial thinking. Thirty-five preservice biology teachers served as subjects. Spatial thinking were evaluated based on four cognitive processes in spatial thinking: (1) producing representations, (2) maintaining and managing representations in working memory, (3) scanning the representation in working memory, and (4) transforming representations. Results indicated that framing improved preservice biology teachers’ spatial thinking in which all four spatial thinking parameters significantly improved after learning plant anatomy with framing. Framing in a plant anatomy course can improve preservice biology teachers’ spa-tial thinking because questions, guiding sentences, and worked examples aided them in overcoming cognitive stress when engaged in a difficult task.ABSTRAK Dalam studi ini, kami melaporkan implementasi framing dalam mata kuliah anatomi tumbuhan dan bagaimana framing dapat meningkatkan pemikiran spasial calon guru biologi. Tiga puluh lima calon guru biologi menjadi subjek penelitian ini. Keterampilan berpikir spasial dievaluasi berdasarkan empat proses kognitif dalam pemi-kiran spasial: (1) menghasilkan representasi, (2) mempertahankan dan mengelola representasi dalam working memory, (3) memindai representasi dalam working memory, dan (4) mentransformasikan representasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa framing meningkatkan pemikiran spasial calon guru biologi dengan keempat parameter berpikir spasial meningkat secara signifikan setelah pembelajaran anatomi tumbuhan dengan fra-ming. Framing dalam mata kuliah anatomi tumbuhan dapat meningkatkan pemikiran spasial calon guru bio-logi karena pertanyaan-pertanyaan, kalimat-kalimat panduan, serta worked examples membantu mereka dalam mengatasi stres kognitif saat terlibat dalam tugas yang sulit.How to cite: Ermayanti, Rustaman, N.Y., Rahmat, A. (2016). Improving Preservice Biology Teachers’ Spa-tial Thinking in Plant Anatomy Course through Framing. Jurnal Pengajaran MIPA, 21(2), 185-190.
KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL MODEL TIMSS
Authors: Jailani Jailani , Wulandari Nidya Ferry
Published: March 2024

This research describes 8th grade students’ ability in solving TIMSS-model questions. Samples were 400 students from 15 junior high schools (SMP) in Yogyakarta. Students were subjected to a written test with 45 TIMSS-model questions exploring both content and cognitive domain. Students’ ability in solving the given questions was subsequently analyzed descriptively. Results showed that 48% students were categorized in a low or very low category and only 25% students were in a high or very high category. Students particularly faced difficulty in solving algebra, geometry, data and probability questions. In terms of cognitive domain, students have a low ability in solving reasoning questions. Comparison between results from this present study with results from TIMSS 2011 showed that students’ ability in this present study was far better than TIMSS 2011 results for Indonesia and slightly higher than TIMSS 2011’s international average. Implications and suggestions for mathematics education program improvement in Indonesia are discussed.AbstrakPenelitian ini mendeskripsikan kemampuan siswa kelas 8 dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal model TIMSS. Sampel adalah 400 siswa dari 15 Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) di Yogyakarta. Setiap siswa diberikan soal ujian tertulis dengan 45 soal model TIMSS yang mengeksplorasi baik domain konten maupun kognitif. Kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal yang diberikan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 48% siswa dikategorikan dalam kategori rendah atau sangat rendah dan hanya 25% siswa yang dikategorikan dalam kategori tinggi ataupun sangat tinggi. Siswa terutama mengalamai kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal aljabar, geometri, data dan peluang. Dalam hal domain kognitif, siswa memiliki kemampuan yang rendah dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal penalaran. Perbandingan antara hasil pada penelitian ini dengan hasil TIMSS tahun 2011 menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam penelitian ini jauh lebih baik dengan hasil TIMSS tahun 2011 untuk Indonesia dan sedikit lebih tinggi dibandingkan rata-rata internasional TIMSS 2011. Implikasi dan saran untuk perbaikan program pendidikan matematika di Indonesia kemudian didiskusikan.
IDENTIFYING STUDENTS MISCONCEPTIONS ON CHEMICAL BONDING USING TWO TIER TEST
Authors: Nahadi Nahadi , Hernani Hernani , Agustini Nurlaela
Published: March 2024

Misconception is one of the obstacles that may reduce learning effectiveness. In this study, we develop two-tier multiple choice diagnostic test instrument that can be used to identify students’  misconceptions on chemical bonding. Two-tier test with 25 test items was proven to be valid and reliable. This diagnostic test was able to detect students’ misconceptions including misconceptions about element stability, ionic bonding, covalent bonding, covalent coordinate bonding, metallic bonding, as well as characteristics and physical property of each bonding. The identified misconceptions could serve as a reference for teachers in remediating students’ misconception.
IMPROVING STUDENTS' SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION SKILLS THROUGH POGIL MODEL WITH SOCIOSCIENTIFIC ISSUE CONTEXT
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Aldresti Fitri , Fajaroh Fauziatul
Published: March 2024

Students' must be able to reasons scientifically in understanding our rapidly changing world, in which scientific explanation skill can be defined as an ability to make a reasonable explanation of a phenomenon based on scientific facts as well as forming a relationship based on evidence and logical reasoning. In this study, we examine the development of students' scientific explanation skill through the implementation of POGIL inquiry model with Socio-scientific Issues (SSI) context. A difference in scientific explanation skill after learning was found and implications to chemistry learning are discussed.
THE ANALYSIS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ COMMUNICATION AND COLLABORATION SKILLS IMPROVEMENT USING MULTIMEDIA-BASED INTEGRATED INSTRUCTION (MBI2) IN LEARNING REFLECTION CONCEPT
Authors: Kaniawati Ida , Siahaan Parsaoran , Hermawan Hermawan , Chandra Didi Teguh , Suhendi Endi , Samsudin Ahmad
Published: March 2024

This study identifies communication and collaboration skills improvement of junior high school (SMP) students when learning physics using Integrated Multimedia-based Instruction (MBI2). In this one-shot case study, the subject was thirty-one eight grade students in one of the public schools in Bandung, West Java. Students’ communication and collaboration skills were evaluated by learning and laboratory activity observation. Results showed that communication and collaboration skills were improved with four meetings that suggested that MBI2 could improve junior high school students’ communication and collaboration skills.AbstrakPenelitian ini mengidentifikasi perbaikan keterampilan komunikasi dan kolaborasi siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) ketika belajar Fisika dengan menggunakan Integrated Multimedia-based Instruction (MBI2). Dalam one-shot case study ini, subjek adalah 31 siswa di salah satu sekolah negeri di Bandung, Jawa Barat. Keterampilan komunikasi dan kolaborasi siswa dievaluasi melalui observasi kegiatan pembelajaran dan praktikum. Hasil menunjukkan abhwa keterampilan komunikasi dan kolaborasi membaik dalam empat pertemuan yang mengimplikasikan bahwa MBI2 dapat memperbaiki keterampilan komunikasi dan kolaborasi siswa SMP.
THE ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL MEASURED BY SCIENCE VIRTUAL TEST (SVT)
Authors: Rusyati Lilit
Published: March 2024

This descriptive research described a profile of students’ critical thinking that measured by Science Virtual Test (SVT). The participants who involved in this study are 563 students on Junior High School (JHS). Their distibution are 188 students in 7th grade (13 years old), 265 students in 8th grade (14 years old), and 110 students in 9th grade (15 years old). They comes from Bandung city, Bandung district, West Bandung district, Tasikmalaya city, and Kuningan city that gathered in West Java, Indonesia. Qualitatative data were obtained by using five packages of Scienve Virtual Test (SVT) with topic on integrated concepts “living things and environmental sustainability” and separated concepts “heat and matter; human digestive system”. Results showed that general achievement of students’ critical thinking was 58.24%. Its mean in ‘medium’ level. The highest score on element “interpretation and inference” (66.18%) while the lowest score on element “question at issue” (42.02%). Therefore, the strategy to improve of students’ critical thinking is needed.
UNDERSTANDING MOLECULAR BONDING AND GEOMETRY THROUGH FLIPPED CLASSROOM IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Mulyanti Sri , Hafshah Mutista , Misrochah Nana
Published: March 2024

Understanding molecule bonding and geometry are essential requirements in learning organic chemistry. Studies found that students cannot fully grasp the meaning of these abstract concepts, and pandemic conditions become an added challenge for learning organic chemistry virtually. In this study, We implement flipped classroom model for teaching organic chemistry, particularly for molecule bonding and geometry. Results indicated the benefit of the flipped classroom for students' improved understanding, and advanced analysis for several learning aspects also corroborated this finding.
THE INFLUENCE OF MINI-RESEARCH LEARNING ON HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS' COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITIES
Authors: Ekanara Bambang , Leksono Suroso Mukti , Yulianingsih Sri , Isfiani Ilma Riksa
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of mini-research learning on the communication skills and problem solving abilities of high school students on the concept of ecosystems. The method used in this research is a quasi-experimental method. The population of the study was 10th grade students high school of Pandeglang, Banten. Cluster random sampling was used in this research to fulfil each single treatment and control group. The instruments used in this research were report assessment sheets, test descriptions, and observation sheets. T-test was used to determine mean difference between the control group and the treatment group with α = 0.05. Based on the research results for communication skills, the control group got an average of 50.45 and treatment group got an average of 69.05 with a t-test significance level of 0.00 0.05 (α = 0.05), which means that there is an effect of mini-research learning on students' communication skills. Whereas for the aspect of students 'problem-solving abilities in the control group, it was obtained an average of 43.95 and treatment group was 63.97 with a t-test significance level of 0.00 0.05 (α = 0.05) which means that there is also an effect of mini-research learning on aspects of students' ability to solve problem. Thus it can be concluded that mini-research learning has an influence on students 'communication skills and students' problem-solving abilities.
PROFILE OF THE DECISION MAKING ABILITY OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS ON ECOSYSTEM MATERIALS THROUGH THE DEBATE METHOD
Authors: Rosadi Dadi , Noviyanti Noviyanti
Published: March 2024

The research entitled "Profile of Decision Making Ability of Junior High School Students on Materials Ecosystem Through the Debate Method" aims to determine students' ability to take a decision and the basis for that decision. The method used in this research is descriptive. The research subject is seven grade (VII) academic year 2021/2022 in junior high schools at indonesian school of Kuala Lumpur. Results of research conducted shows that students have been able to choose one alternative from alternative answers which is available. As for the basis for making decisions during debates, students use intuition a lot as a basis for decision making. Another finding obtained at the time of the study was that students become more active, motivated, and more positive about the environment.
RESEARCH SKILLS, PRODUCT MAKING SKILLS, AND STUDENTS' PROCEDURAL KNOWLEDGE ON BIOLOGICAL LEARNING USING ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS (EDP)
Authors: Rahmah Husna Dita
Published: March 2024

Nowadays, Human resources in Indonesia need more skills to succeed in facing the competition in the 21st century. One of the skills that must have is research and product-making skills. This study aimed to analyze students' research skills, product-making skills, and procedural knowledge in learning biology, especially the concept of food processing technology using the Engineering Design Process (EDP). EDP is a learning approach through idea, design, creation, and test activities skills to develop STEM-based learning that can strengthen research and product skills. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent control group research design. The research sample consisted of 24 EDP and 21 students in non-EDP classes. Data was collected using a rubric to measure research and product-making skills—also multiple choice questions to measure students' procedural knowledge. The results of this study indicated that EDP learning strengthened the research skills of students in EDP classes, especially the skill of determining the topic of problems, determining tools and materials, and making product designs. On the other hand, students in non-EDP classes are better at determining the research variables and making hypotheses. Students in EDP classes outperformed all indicators of skills in making products. EDP learning strengthened students' product-making skills in selecting, packaging, and making packaging on food products. Likewise, procedural knowledge, especially on indicators determining the research variables.
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT MODEL IN EXPERIMENTAL ELECTROLYSIS FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Siswaningsih Wiwi , Kusrijadi Ali , Pitriyani Rini , Pratiwi Meida Mediani
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model penilaian kinerja berupa tugas dan rubrik percobaan elektrolisis untuk siswa SMA yang valid, reliabel, dan praktis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengembangan dan validasi dengan partisipan sebanyak 12 siswa kelas XI MIPA di salah satu SMA Negeri di Kota Bandung. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar wawancara studi pendahuluan, lembar grid, lembar validasi, lembar kerja siswa, lembar observasi yang mengacu pada 6 indikator keterampilan, 29 tugas (aspek kinerja), dan rubrik percobaan elektrolisis menggunakan Google Form, dan angket uji praktikalitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model penilaian kinerja pada eksperimen elektrolisis mempunyai empat tahap, yaitu tahap perencanaan, pengembangan, validasi, dan uji coba terbatas. Validitas isi tugas dan rubrik dilihat dari nilai CVR menunjukkan bahwa 29 tugas dinyatakan valid berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan indikator hands on dan mind on skill, sedangkan 28 tugas dinyatakan valid berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan rubrik. Untuk reliabilitas diperoleh 15 tugas dengan kategori sangat baik, 13 tugas dengan kategori baik, dan 1 tugas dapat diterima, serta mempunyai nilai kepraktisan sebesar 3,8, dan dapat digolongkan dalam model penilaian kinerja sangat praktis. Berdasarkan hasil nilai validitas, reliabilitas, dan praktikalitas, tugas dan rubrik yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan sebagai model penilaian kinerja pada eksperimen elektrolisis untuk siswa SMA. Kata Kunci: Penilaian kinerja, tugas, rubrik, dan eksperimen elektrolisis.
PENGGUNAAN MULTIMEDIA PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEORI BOTANI PHANEROGAMAE DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA
Authors: Sriyati Siti
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah teori Botani Phanerogamae dan memberikan alternatif lain pembelajaran teori Botani Phanerogamae sehingga lebih bervariasi. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah: penggunaan multimedia pada pembelajaran teori Botani Phanerogamae dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar bila 75% mahasiswa memperoleh nilai di atas 60. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa program studi Biologi angkatan 2003 yang sedang mengikuti mata kuliah Botani Phanerogamae. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pra eksperimental dengan desain one shot case study. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah soal ujian akhir semester (UAS) yang terdiri dari soal-soal pilihan ganda yang melatih berpikir tingkat tinggi. Berdasarkan analisis uji z dengan kriteria belajar tuntas, ternyata penggunaan multimedia pada pembelajaran Botani Phanerogamae belum dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa, karena mahasiswa yang mendapat nilai di atas 60 kurang dari 75%. Tetapi apabila dilihat dari nilai rata-rata ujian tengah semester (UTS) sebelum diterapkan multimedia dan nilai rata-rata UAS, terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar yaitu dari 53,1 menjadi 62,7. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan multimedia meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa walaupun belum memenuhi kriteria belajar tuntas.
ANATOMI KALUS DARI EKSPLAN DAUN Catharanthus roseous (L). G. Don (TAPAK DARA)
Authors: Purwianingsih Widi , Yuniarti Linda
Published: March 2024

Catharanthus roseous (L).G.Don merupakan tanaman yang dapat dijadikan tanaman hias dan tanaman obat. Saat ini C. roseous mulai diperbanyak melalui teknik kultur jaringan secara langsung maupun tak langsung, melalui jalur organogenesis dan embriogenesis somatik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengamati anatomi kalus C. roseous yang sedang bermorfogenesis. Daun C. roseous dengan urutan daun pertama sampai ketiga digunakan sebagai eksplan dan ditanam pada medium Murashige dan Skoog dengan penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh berupa 2,4–D dengan konsentrasi 10-5 M dan kinetin 10-6 M untuk menginduksi terbentuknya kalus. Setelah berusia 2 bulan, kalus hasil induksi disubkultur pada medium MS dengan penambahan NAA dan kinetin masing-masing 2.10-5 M dan 5.10-5 M. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengamatan morfologi dan anatomi terhadap kalus hasil subkultur yang berumur 0,24, 28, 32 dan 36 hari. Pengamatan anatomi dilakukan dengan metode paraffin. Pada pengamatan morfologi diketahui bahwa tunas terbentuk pada hari ke 28 subkultur, diawali dengan pembentukan nodul berwarna hijau. Nodul berwarna putih yang kemungkinan merupakan sel embriogenik juga ditemukan pada kalus dengan usia subkultur 36 hari. Pada pengamatan anatomi diketahui bahwa jaringan kalus tidak homogen, terdiri dari sel meristematis, sel parenkim dan ditemukan pula elemen trakheal. Pembentukan tunas diawali oleh pembelahan sel pada area meristematik yang membentuk meristemoid dan kemudian berkembang menjadi kubah meristem yang dapat membentuk primordial daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pembentukan embriogenesis somatik yang ditunjukan dengan ditemukannya massa sel yang menyerupai fase globular, massa sel fase jantung, dan tahap kotiledon.
The impact of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae inoculation with nitrogen fertilization on baby corn yield and cob quality
Authors: Van Chuong Nguyen
Published: March 2024

In response to the escalating costs and diminishing efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers, the agricultural community is actively seeking sustainable alternatives that leverage natural nitrogen sources derived from biological N-fixation processes to enhance crop yield. This study investigates the combined effects of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae inoculation and varying nitrogen fertilizer doses on soil fertility, nutrient availability, and the yield and quality parameters of baby corn (Zea mays. L). The study involved the application of five nitrogen levels (0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 kg N ha-1) in conjunction with Klebsiella quasipneumoniae inoculum on HM-4 variety of baby corn, employing a comprehensive experimental design with five treatments and four replications. All treatments demonstrated increased ear count and weights of ear, silk, husk, edible cob, and biomass compared to the control. The study highlights the potential of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae inoculation in synergy with reduced nitrogen fertilizer to enhance total N contents in soil and positively impact baby corn yield and cob quality parameters. Optimal results were achieved with a 50% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer (150 kg N ha-1), emphasizing the importance of integrated nutrient management. The findings contribute valuable insights to sustainable agriculture, offering a promising strategy for increased baby corn production, improved nutritional quality, and environmental conservation. This integrated approach, involving microbial inoculation and nitrogen management, emerges as a key element in modern agricultural practices, promoting both productivity and nutritional content in baby corn crops.
Alternate wetting and drying decreases arsenic content and increases yield of rice grown in organic matter amended soil
Authors: Rahman Khan Md Abrarur , Kibria Mohammad Golam , Hosenuzzaman Md , Hossain Mahmud , Abedin Md Anwarul
Published: March 2024

Organic matter (OM) shows a critical role in mobilization and uptake of arsenic (As) by rice, and water management practice can mitigate this problem. However, very few research highlighted the impact of management of water on rice as influenced by OM amendment. Therefore, this study has evaluated the changes in As mobilization in paddy soil under different OM amendment and water management practices. Here, rice was grown to maturity in a two-factorial pot experiment comprising two different water management practices [continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting drying (AWD)] and eight combinations of As and OM amendment [comprising two As treatments (0 and 20 ppm) and four OM amendments (0, 0.25%, 0.5% and 5.0% w/w)]. Application of OM in As contaminated soil caused a significant increase in As accumulation in rice, and exhibited decreased growth and yield of rice. However, the results showed that rice growth and yield was significantly higher under AWD practice compared to CF. Arsenic concentration in rice was the lowest in As and OM control pots (44.67 µg/kg in AWD and 62.13 µg/kg in CF), and higher in As treated pots. Moreover, As concentration in rice grain increased with increasing levels of OM amendment. The As concentration in rice grain (168.44 µg/kg in AWD and 183.85 µg/kg in CF) was significantly higher in As treated pots with 0.5% OM amendment compared to other treatment combinations. Application of 5% OM in As contaminated soil did not produce any grains due to extreme toxicity. Thus, As accumulation in rice can be decreased by AWD water management technique without compromising yield. The findings suggest that applying OM in paddy soils with high soil As content should be done with caution.
SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF N-HETERYLTHIO- AND N-ETHYLXANTHOGENATO-1,4-BENZOQUINONEIMINES
Authors: Stadnytska N. Ye. , Semenchuk Yu. M. , Lubenets V. I. , Avdeenko A. P. , Konovalova S. O. , Santalova A. A.
Published: March 2024

N-substituted 1,4-quinoneimines have a wide spectrum of biological activity. The stabilizing property of N-substituted p-quinonemono- and diimines is known, which is related to their antioxidant activity. Derivatives of N-substituted 1,4-benzoquinoneimines are used as antioxidants and stabilizers. For example, stabilization of fats, oils, unsaturated compounds with N-phenyl-1,4-benzoquinonimine was proposed. The aim of this work was the synthesis and study of the antioxidant activity of N-heterylthio- and N-ethylxanthogenato-1,4-benzoquinoneimines. N-Heterylthio-1,4-benzoquinonimines were synthesized by the reaction of N-chloro-1,4-benzoquino-4-nimines with the corresponding heterocyclic mercaptans in acetone. The reaction of quinonimines with mercaptobenzoxazole was difficult, so it was carried out with the sodium salt of mercaptobenzoxazole in ethyl alcohol. The reaction products were bright orange crystals. The composition and structure of the synthesized compounds was established based on the results of elemental analysis and the study of PMR spectra. An in vitro method based on the reaction of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dissolved in ethanol was used to assess antioxidant activity (AOA). As a result of the reduction of DPPH with an antioxidant, a gradual discoloration of the DPPH solution in ethanol was observed, which was determined by the change in optical density at 517 nm on a spectrophotometer. The radical-absorbing activity (RAP) of the compound was defined as the ratio of the difference in the value of the optical densities of the DPPH solution and the solution containing the test substance and DPPH to the optical density of the DPPH solution. High levels of antioxidant activity were found for 4-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylthioimino)-2,5-dimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dienone, 4-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylthioimino)-2, 6-dimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dienone, and 2,6-dimethyl-4-[(4H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylsulfanyl)imino]cyclohexa-2,5-dienone. It was established that 2,6-dimethyl-4-{[(ethoxymethanethioyl)sulfanyl]imino}cyclohexa-2,5-dienone neutralizes free radical by 91% after 20 minutes of interaction with the stable free radical DPPH.
ON PROGNOSIS OF MANUFACTURING OF AN AMPLIFIER FRAMEWORK A HETEROSTRUCTURES. AN APPROACH TO OPTIMIZE MANUFACTURING TO INCREASE DENSITY OF THEIR ELEMENTS WITH ACCOUNT MISMATCH-INDUCED STRESS
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State University, Pankratov E. L.
Published: March 2024

In this paper we introduce an approach to increase density of field-effect transistors framework nulling-resistor output amplifier. Framework the approach we consider manufacturing the inverter in heterostructure with specific configuration. Several required areas of the heterostructure should be doped by diffusion or ion implantation. After that dopant and radiation defects should by annealed framework optimized scheme. We also consider an approach to decrease value of mismatch-induced stress in the considered heterostructure. We introduce an analytical approach to analyze mass and heat transport in heterostructures during manufacturing of integrated circuits with account mismatch-induced stress.
RESEARCH ON COMMON LUNG DISEASES BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING
Authors:   Jining Medical University, Li Linxuan , Qin Zhendi , Chen Xuan , Chen Lie , Kong Fanzhi , Meng Fanbin
Published: March 2024

Covid-19 epidemic have greatly increased the number of patients with lung disease, and physicians have difficulty assessing patients’ lung imaging with only personal experience and effort. To guarantee the efficiency of identification, it is necessary to establish a complete system for auxiliary lung disease identification. In response to the above problems, this paper will describe the process and results of a convolutional neural network (CNN) - based framework for lung disease image recognition. We randomly input image data using image data iterator and randomly selected a certain size of sample data for training in each batch. The system can identify chest X-ray images and lung CT images, and the identified lung diseases are Novel coronaviruses, Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and Viral pneumonia. The experimental test results of the classification system for image recognition in lung diseases have a high correct rate of 98.9%. From the experimental results, it is suggested that this system can assist physicians to complete the evaluation of lung imaging.
A MATLAB SIMULATION OF BELL’S INEQUALITY VIOLATION IN QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT
Authors:   Petroleum University of Technology, Alborzi Mahmood
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a MATLAB simulation to demonstrate the violation of the Bell’s inequality in quantum entanglement. While the principle has always passed the test of time in laboratories, it may be intuitively useful if we demonstrate the case through a MATLAB simulation.
A review of cold plasma for catalyst synthesis and modification
Authors: Tian Qingbin , Bi Lansen , Lin Shuyan , Gao Jiangshan , He Yan
Published: March 2024

Cold plasma has been extensively studied and developed in the field of energy storage and conversion, with a focus on its ability to assist in catalyst synthesis, surface modification, the introduction of heteroatoms, the generation of defects and vacancies, the improvement of catalyst dispersion, and the reduction of particle size. In contrast to conventional calcination and chemical methods, the energy from cold plasma can be transferred directly to the catalyst and carrier during the treatment process, which can improve the interaction between the loaded catalyst and carrier by changing the internal structure and surface morphology of the catalyst. Therefore, these properties make cold plasma quite green, safe, and efficient for catalyst synthesis and modification. In this paper, the characteristics and applications of various cold plasma technologies, as well as the synergistic treatment of cold plasma technology with thermodynamic principles on catalysts, are analyzed. Based on current research progress, this paper provides a summary and outlook on the synthesis and modification of catalysts using cold plasma.
Regional innovations influence on the ecological footprint of the Russian Federation territories: case of the Siberia and Volga regions
Authors: Spitsyn Vladislav V. , Mikhalchuk Alexander A. , Chistyakova Natalia O. , Tatarnikova Valeria V. , Akerman Ekaterina A.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. Ensuring the development of the country regions on the principles of environmental and economic balance, taking into account the national development goals of Russia until 2030.This article models the relationship between economic development and environmental progress. The relationship between investment in innovation and uncontrolled emissions in certain regions of Russia in the period from 2010 to 2022 is explored. Aim. To study the intensity of innovation influence on the ecological footprint, as well as the efficiency of functioning of environmental-innovative activities, in regions of different types using the example of the Siberian Federal District and the Volga Federal District. Methods. Panel regression with fixed effects, correlation analysis, DEA method, cluster analysis, analysis of variance. Results and conclusions. Using the example of 24 Russian regions, it is shown that the intensity increase of the research and development of regional companies does not always lead to an increase in the environmental footprint and an increase in emissions intensity. The obtained results indicate that the economic and environmental dimensions of sustainable development contradict each other and suggest that regional governments should consider the negative environmental externalities of economic development when designing policies to promote regional growth. It is noted that the growth of investments in the research and development of more developed regions reduce the emissions intensity level. Large industrial centers of Siberia and the Volga regions are investing in innovation to increase the intensity of emissions. The hypothesis about the high degree of the economic space heterogeneity in terms of the influence of the research and development intensity of regional companies on the degree of environmental pollution in the regions of the Russian Federation is confirmed. The necessity is emphasized to take into account the regional specifics of the industrial structure of the economy. A highly significant heterogeneity was revealed in the efficiency of environmental-innovative activities functioning in the regions of the Siberian Federal District and Volga Federal District. Moreover, the effectiveness of environmental-innovative activities of the regions is insignificantly correlated with the identified imbalance of this activity.
Effect of cavitation treatment of coal-water slurries on a droplet average size in a jet
Authors: Gvozdyakov Dmitry V. , Zenkov Andrey V. , Maltzev Leonid I. , Podzharov Yury S.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. Transition to environmentally friendly energy technologies, due to modern requirements for environmental protection, involves the search and creation of new energy sources, including fuels. One of the ways to meet these requirements and maintain the same level of energy production by thermal power plants is the transition to multicomponent fuels. The most promising and affordable boiler fuels from the point of view of energy, ecology and economy are coal-water slurries. In this regard, the study of the properties and characteristics of such fuels is relevant in many countries. Aim. Experimental studies of the effect of the coal-water fuel cavitation treatment duration on a droplet average size in a jet after spraying with a pneumatic nozzle and substantiation of the efficiency of such approach for practical application. Object. Experimental studies were carried out with coal-water slurries based on long-flame coal (D grade) with addition of 10 and 20 wt % by weight of pyrogenetic liquid. A slurry, consisting of just coal and water, without the addition of pyrogenetic liquid, was used as a reference sample. Method. The coal-water slurries were prepared in a rotary hydrodynamic cavitation generator. A pneumatic nozzle with external mixing was used to spray the coal-water slurries. The average size of fuel droplets after spraying was determined using the Interferometric Particle Imaging method. Results. Experiments on the preparation of coal-water slurries with pyrogenetic liquid showed an increase in the dynamic viscosity of the fuel. An increase in the duration of treatment of the slurries in a rotary hydrodynamic cavitation generator reduced the viscosity by 54%. The average size of droplets in the jet was reduced by 22%.
Elemental speciation of the sediments from cold methane seeps on the Laptev Sea shelf
Authors: Oberemok Irina A. , Guseva Natalya V. , Moiseeva Yulia A. , Purgina Darya V. , Poltavskaya Natalina A. , Gershelis Elena V. , Semiletov Igor P.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. The lack of elemental speciation data in the bottom sediments of the Laptev Sea, as well as the absence of its quantitative changes in occurrence forms in response to methane emissions. Aim. To assess changes in the elemental speciation in areas where methane-containing fluids are discharged. Objects. Nine samples of bottom sediments taken from three horizons of one “cold seep” and two background stations of the outer shelf-continental slope of the Laptev Sea during the AMK-82 expedition aboard R/V “Academician M.V. Keldysh” in autumn 2020. Methods. Sequential extraction BCR (the European Community Bureau of Reference) was performed to determine the elemental speciation in surface sediments; the residual fraction was determined by dissolving in nitric acid. The obtained fraction solutions were analyzed by ICP-MS (NexIon 300D, Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA), Pyrolysis (Rock-Eval 6 Turbo, Vinci Technologies). Results. The trend towards an increase in element mobility has been identified as a result of a shift in geochemical conditions that is presumably caused by the authigenic carbonate and sulfide formation. Moreover, the increase in the recoverable fraction (associated only with Fe oxides/hydroxides) is highlighted. We assume that the process of unloading methane-containing fluids plays a significant role in enrichment of authigenic carbonates U, Ni, Zn Co, oxides Fe – Sn and V, authigenic sulfides – Co, Mn and W. We also assume the potential formation of chalcopyrite as an authigenic sulfide in methane discharge areas.
Soil Properties Variation Valued in Relation to Land Use and Management Practices in Vietnam
Authors: Dinh K.H.T. , Shima K.
Published: March 2024

Background: Land use and management practices (LUMPs) have been accelerated globally to serve the increasing socio-economic requirements in recent decades. Methods: This study focuses to assess the impacts of the LUMPs on the properties and composition of soil in the Lam River Basin (LRB), Vietnam based on analysis of ninety-six soil samples collected in the soil profiles (0_60 cm). Result: The results indicated that the sand and clay ratios (34.0~35.7% and 16.2~19.9%) and bulk density (BD) (1.07±0.05~1.34 ± 0.06 Mg m-3) in the natural forest lands (NFLs) were lower and higher perturbed than the plantation forest lands (PFLs) (31.1~ 51.5%, 5.7~38.2% and 0.86 ± 0.03~1.12±0.05 Mg m-3) in the 0-20 cm topsoil layer. The soil texture is mainly sandy clay to clay loam and the BD tends slightly increase in the topsoil layer, then decrease in the 20-60 cm subsoil layer. There is no difference in soil pH between collected soil samples (CSSs) and tends to increase with increasing the subsoil layer. The base cations (BCs) (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+: 0.01~0.29, 0.06~0.11 and 0.06~0.07 Cmolc kg-1) and total organic contents (TOCs) (total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP): 24.11; 2.80 and 0.19 g kg-1) of the NFLs are higher than those of the CSSs (TC, TN, TP: 14.37~23.91, 1.62~2.28 and 0.08~0.17 g kg-1) in the topsoil layer while these values were not different in the topsoil layer.
Web-Based Integration of IoT and Artificial Intelligence for Monitoring Aquariums
Authors: Nugraha Ananto Indra , Rosita Yesy Diah
Published: March 2024

Technology is now an indispensable part of work across all fields and locations. For instance, in fish cultivation and among ornamental fish enthusiasts, technology plays a pivotal role in regulating and notifying when ornamental fish's environmental conditions require attention. This includes monitoring and alerting for cleaning or feeding needs. Ornamental fish are particularly sensitive, often carrying a higher price tag. Due to their susceptibility to stress and their relatively costly nature, those involved in ornamental fish cultivation and collection frequently face significant losses. These losses can occur when fish are collected, raised, and fall ill or, in the worst-case scenario, die. In response to these challenges, technological innovations have emerged to simplify the monitoring of ornamental fish's environmental conditions. This is achieved through IoT-based solutions accessible anytime and anywhere via the web. These innovations incorporate three primary sensors: pH sensors, clarity sensors, and temperature sensors. Additionally, Thingsboard is used to facilitate real-time monitoring of sensor data. These aquarium monitoring systems for ornamental fish hold the potential to enhance fish welfare and health, mitigate risks, and provide hobbyists and professionals with a more effective and informed experience in maintaining ornamental fish. However, it's important to note that the success of this system relies heavily on the quality of hardware, meticulous software development, and a profound understanding of the specific needs of ornamental fish
DATA-DRIVEN CAPACITY MANAGEMENT AND REVENUE MAXIMIZATION OF RIDE-HAILING SERVICE WITH PRESCRIPTIVE ANALYTICS AND DEEP LEARNING
Authors:   School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Chaoyang, China, Kun Jin
Published: March 2024

This paper studies capacity management of ride-hailing service with unstable passenger demand. In existing parametric approaches in the literature, normally a two-stage prediction-then-optimization (PTO) paradigm is used to implement demand prediction, capacity and revenue optimization sequentially, which generally achieves suboptimal performance due to the information loss in demand prediction. To attain optimality, in this study, we integrate these two stages into a prediction & optimization (P&O) paradigm considering both Cobb-Douglas matching function and perfect matching function, and formulate a weighted sample average approximation (WSAA) approach embedded with k-nearest neighbors, kernel regression and decision tree, as well as an innovative deep learning approach that couples decomposition, convolution, and attention together. The WSAA approach was proven to be asymptotically optimal when a sufficient number of samples are collected, while the deep learning approach based on P&O paradigm demonstrated superior performance in capacity management. Finally, as an extension, we combine WSAA and deep learning approaches to potentially achieve further improvement on optimality.
POLYGAMY IN FOCUS: A DISCOURSE ON SOCIETAL NORMS, RIGHTS, AND PRACTICAL CHALLENGES
Authors:   Institute of Asian and Transcultural Studies, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania, Motiejūnė Gintarė Sereikaitė
Published: March 2024

This article delves into the multifaceted perspectives on polygamy, specifically focusing on why a woman might opt to become a co-wife. The study, conducted in a private Facebook group for women who are part of or interested in polygamous relationships, unveils that societal norms, religious convictions, and individual situations greatly shape the views on polygamy. Despite certain muslim feminist groups advocating for the restriction of polygamy to specific scenarios, both men and women have their unique interpretations and applications of the principle, often extending beyond the confines of the Qur'anic context. However, these theories don't fully encompass the practical responsibilities and potential hurdles tied to polygamy. The study also exposed that polygamy, commonly perceived from a male-centric viewpoint, could also be interpreted as a woman's right, particularly when she is the instigator of the marriage. In summary, the research provides both theoretical insights and pragmatic implications, allowing us to perceive polygamy not just as a male prerogative but also as a potential social support structure for women.
THE USE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS AS A TOOL AFFECTING THE SECURITY AND STABILITY OF SOCIETY
Authors:   Student of Ph.D., Faculty of Safety Engineering, VSB Technical University, Ostrava, Czech Republic, Surkovsky Jozef
Published: March 2024

Socio-economic aspects are nowadays one of the most important factors for the safety and stability of society. According to them, the possibility of the emergence of pathogenic anomalies threatening the stability of society can be predicted. Based on this fact, it is possible to implement preliminary measures to prevent the occurrence of extraordinary events well in time´s advance. The given theory can be demonstrated on the models of E.W. Burgess concentric zonal structure of the city and on Harris & Ullman multi-core model of the city. Thanks to knowledge from sociology and safety engineering we can to present, how the security and stability of society in a given location can be moved to a higher level, if we know very wel socio-economic aspects of society.
Using Infographics to Go Public with SoTL
Authors: Keogh Bryn , Nowell Lorelli , Laios Eleftheria , McKendrick-Calder Lisa , Lucas Molitor Whitney , Wilbur Kerry
Published: March 2024

There has been a call to amplify the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) and expand its reach by engaging with audiences outside the academy. In this paper, we share our journey in crossing disciplinary boundaries and creating a SoTL-informed infographic for public consumption. As the field of SoTL continues to evolve, infographics hold tremendous potential to communicate SoTL to various stakeholders, including educators, students, administrators, policymakers, and the public. We outline best practices in infographic development and the potential of infographics as a tool for taking SoTL public, emphasizing their visual appeal and effectiveness in conveying complex information. We conclude by discussing the implications of using infographics to advance SoTL communication. The efforts of our group serve as a valuable example of how infographics can be used to bring SoTL knowledge out of academia and into the public domain.
Etik İklimin Örgütsel Güvene Etkisinde Örgütsel Desteğin Aracı Rolü (The Mediating Role of Organizational Support in the Effect of Ethical Climate on Organizational Trust)
Authors: Gençer Özem , Ülbeği İlksun Didem
Published: March 2024

Amaç –Bu araştırmanın amacı, etik iklimin örgütsel güvene etkisinde örgütsel desteğin aracı rolünü araştırmaktır.Yöntem-Bu çalışmada örnekleme; Adana ilinde, 17.05.2023 tarihi ile 28.05.2023 tarihleri aralığında, kamu okullarında çalışan 375 öğretmenin katılımıyla ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeni örgütsel güvendir ve bu kavramı etkileyen bağımsız değişken etik iklim ve aracı değişken örgütsel destek olarak belirlenmiştir. Verilerin toplanması anket yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. Etik iklimSchwepker vd. (1997) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan ve Mumcu (2014) tarafından Türkçeyeçevrilen 7 sorudan oluşan etik iklim ölçeği ile, örgütsel güven tutumları Nyhan ve Marlowe (1997) tarafından oluşturulan, Eğriboyun (2013) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan yöneticiye güven ve örgüte güven değişkenlerinden oluşan iki boyutu ve toplam 12 maddesi olan, örgütsel güven ölçeği ile örgütsel destek iseEisenberger vd., (1986) tarafından geliştirilen, Türkçeye Yılmaz (2014) tarafından uyarlanan ve 8 ifadeden oluşan örgütsel destek ölçeği ile ölçülmüştür. Bulgular-Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, etik iklimin örgütsel güvenin alt boyutlarından olan yöneticiye güven ve örgüte güven üzerinde olumlu ve anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, etik iklimin örgütsel desteğe ve örgütsel desteğin yöneticiye ve örgüte güvene olumlu ve anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Örgütsel desteğin etik iklim ile örgütsel güven arasında aracılık rolü bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. İleri sürülen hipotezlerin doğruluğu açıklanmıştır.Tartışma-Geleceği tasarlayan öğretmenlerin okullarda etik iklim oluşması durumunda örgütlerine güven algıları pozitif anlamda etkilenecek ve örgütsel destek de bu olumlu iklimi arttıracaktır. Çalışma bulguları literatürü desteklemektedir. Ayrıca araştırmada etik iklimin örgütsel güvene etkisinde örgütsel desteğin aracılık rolünü aktaran az sayıda araştırma olması sebebiyle alan yazına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir