bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptomic insights into the blue light-induced female floral sex expression in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Zhou Yong , Ahammed Golam Jalal , Wang Qiang , Wu Chaoqun , Wan Chunpeng , Yang Youxin
Published: September 2018

In cucurbitaceous crops, sex differentiation of flower buds is a crucial developmental process that directly affects fruit yield. Here we showed that the induction of female flower was the highest in the blue light-treated monoecious cucumber plants compared with that in other light qualities (white, green and red). High-throughput RNA-Seq analysis of the shoot apexes identified a total of 74 differently-expressed genes (DEGs), in which 52 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated under the blue light compared with that in white light. The DEGs were mainly involved in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, plant hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. While the  ethylene and gibberellins synthesis and signaling related genes were down-regulated, the abscisic acid and auxin signal transduction pathways were up-regulated by the blue light treatment. Furthermore, the blue light treatment up-regulated the transcription of genes relating to photosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism. Meanwhile, the blue light suppressed the GA3 concentration but promoted the concentrations of auxin and photosynthetic pigments. Taken together, the results suggest that the blue light-induced female floral sex expression is closely associated with the blue light-induced changes in abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellins, photosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism pathways, which is potentially different from the traditional ethylene-dependent pathway.
Morphological Evaluation of Meta-stable Oligomers of α-Synuclein with Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
Authors: Bhak Ghibom , Lee Soonkoo , Kim Tae-Hwan , Lee Ji-Hye , Yang Jee Eun , Joo Keehyoung , Lee Jooyoung , Char Kookheon , Paik Seung R.
Published: September 2018

Amyloidogenesis of α-synuclein (αS) is considered to be a pathological phenomenon related to Parkinson’s disease (PD). As a key component to reveal the fibrillation mechanism and toxicity, we have investigated an oligomeric species of αS capable of exhibiting the unit-assembly process leading to accelerated amyloid fibril formation. These oligomers previously shown to exist in a meta-stable state with mostly disordered structure and unable to seed the fibrillation were converted to either temperature-sensitive self-associative oligomers or NaCl-induced non-fibrillating oligomeric species. Despite their transient and disordered nature, the structural information of meta-stable αS oligomers (Meta-αS-Os) was successfully evaluated with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) technique. By fitting the neutron scattering data with polydisperse Gaussian Coil (pGC) model, Meta-αS-O was analyzed as a sphere with approximate diameter of 100 Å. Its overall shape altered drastically with subtle changes in temperature between 37 °C and 43 °C, which would be responsible for fibrillar polymorphism. Based on their bifurcating property of Meta-αS-Os leading to either on-pathway or off-pathway species, the oligomers could be suggested as a crucial intermediate responsible for the oligomeric diversification and multiple fibrillation processes. Therefore, Meta-αS-Os could be considered as a principal target to control the amyloidogenesis and its pathogenesis.
Occurrence of cagA+ vacA s1a m1 i1 Helicobacter pylori in farm animals in Egypt and ability to survive in experimentally contaminated UHT milk
Authors: Elhariri Mahmoud , Hamza Dalia , Elhelw Rehab , Hamza Eman
Published: September 2018

Cases of human gastric cancer due to Helicobacter pylori have been reported worldwide and animals might act as a reservoir of infection in certain circumstances. The recent few decades showed a rapid decline in the incidence of gastric cancer, which was mainly due to the decrease in H. pylori infection. The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of H. pylori among livestock and investigate whether the animal isolates can be transmitted through contaminated milk causing gastric infection. Feces and milk samples were collected from apparently healthy cows, buffaloes, and sheep, and were examined by nested PCR and genotyping. The PCR positive samples were further subjected to bacterial culture followed by partial 16s sequencing of the isolates. Twenty-nine percent of the animals showed the presence of H. pylori, mainly the virulent cagA+vacA+s1a m1 i1 genotype, which is known to be associated with serious diseases in humans. The spiral viable culturable form (SVCF) of this strain was inoculated into UHT (ultra-high temperature) milk and remained viable for up to 10 days at 4 °C. Increasing period of storage and or temperature led to a decrease in the number of the SVCF and occurrence of the coccoid viable non-culturable form (CVNCF). The infectivity of the survived forms was determined by feeding healthy groups of laboratory mice with the contaminated UHT milk containing SVCF or CVNCF for 40 days. The gastric mucosa of the two mice groups showed similar levels of H. pylori load. This highlights that H. pylori can persist in contaminated milk by entering a non-culturable state, which can induce gastric infection.
Detection and characterization of bacterial nucleic acids in culture-negative synovial tissue and fluid samples from rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis patients
Authors: Zhao Yan , Chen Bin , Li Shufeng , Yang Lanxiu , Zhu Dequan , Wang Ye , Wang Haiying , Wang Tao , Shi Bin , Gai Zhongtao , Yang Jun , Heng Xueyuan , Yang Junjie , Zhang Lei
Published: September 2018

Human intestinal microbes can mediate development of arthritis – Studies indicate that certain bacterial nucleic acids may exist in synovial fluid (SF) and could be involved in arthritis, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To characterize potential SF bacterial nucleic acids, we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to assess bacterial nucleic acid communities in 15 synovial tissue (ST) and 110 SF samples from 125 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 16 ST and 42 SF samples from 58 patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Our results showed an abundant diversity of bacterial nucleic acids in these clinical samples, including presence ofPorphyromonasandBacteroidesin all 183 samples.Agrobacterium,Comamonas,Kocuria,Meiothermus, andRhodoplaneswere more abundant in synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis (STRA).Atopobium,Phascolarctobacterium,Rhodotorula mucilaginosa,Bacteroides uniformis,Rothia,Megasphaera,Turicibacter,Leptotrichia,Haemophilus parainfluenzae,Bacteroides fragilis,Porphyromonas, andStreptococcuswere more abundant in synovial tissues of osteoarthritis (STOA).Veillonella dispar,Haemophilus parainfluenzae,Prevotella copriandTreponema amylovorumwere more abundant in synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis (SFRA), whileBacteroides caccaewas more abundant in the synovial fluid of osteoarthritis (SFOA). Overall, this study confirms existence of bacterial nucleic acids in SF and ST samples of RA and OA lesions and reveals potential correlations with degree of disease.
Lath formation mechanisms and twinning as lath martensite substructures in an ultra low-carbon iron alloy
Authors: Ping D. H. , Guo S. Q. , Imura M. , Liu X. , Ohmura T. , Ohnuma M. , Lu X. , Abe T. , Onodera H.
Published: September 2018

Lath martensite is the dominant microstructural feature in quenched low-carbon Fe-C alloys. Its formation mechanism is not clear, despite extensive research. The microstructure of an Fe-0.05 C (wt.%) alloy water-quenched at various austenitizing temperatures has been investigated using transmission electron microscopy and a novel lath formation mechanism has been proposed. Body-centered cubic {112}〈111〉-type twin can be retained inside laths in the samples quenched at temperatures from 1050 °C to 1200 °C. The formation mechanism of laths with a twin substructure has been explained based on the twin structure as an initial product of martensitic transformation. A detailed detwinning mechanism in the auto-tempering process has also been discussed, because auto-tempering is inevitable during the quenching of low-carbon Fe-C alloys. The driving force for the detwinning is the instability of ω-Fe(C) particles, which are located only at the twinning boundary region. The twin boundary can move through the ω ↔ bcc transition in which the ω phase region represents the twin boundary.
Transfer and Integration of Breast Milk Stem Cells to the Brain of Suckling Pups
Authors: Aydın Mehmet Şerif , Yiğit Esra Nur , Vatandaşlar Emre , Erdoğan Ender , Öztürk Gürkan
Published: September 2018

Beside its unique nutritional content breast milk also contains live cells from the mother. Fate of these cells in the offspring has not been adequately described. In this study, we aimed to detect and identify maternal cells in the suckling’s blood and the brain. Green fluorescent protein expressing transgenic female mice (GFP+) were used as foster mothers to breastfeed wildtype newborn pups. One week and two months after the birth, blood samples and brains of the sucklings were analyzed to detect presence of GFP+ cells by fluorescence activated cell sorting, polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry on the brain sections and optically cleared brains. The tests confirmed that maternal cells were detectable in the blood and the brain of the pups and that they differentiated into both neuronal and glial cell types in the brain. This phenomenon represents breastfeeding – induced microchimerism in the brain with functional implications remain to be understood.
Static and active tactile perception and touch anisotropy: aging and gender effect
Authors: Abdouni A. , Moreau G. , Vargiolu R. , Zahouani H.
Published: September 2018

Although the human finger is the interface used for the touch process, very few studies have used its properties to provide a description of tactile perception regarding age and gender effects. Age and gender effects on the biophysical properties of the human finger were the main topics of our previous study. Correlating tactile perception with each parameter proved very complex. We expand on that work to assess the static and dynamic touch in addition to the touch gestures. We also investigate the age and gender effects on tactile perception by studying the finger size and the real contact area (static and dynamic) of forty human fingers of different ages and gender. The size of the finger and the real contact area (static and dynamic) define the density of the mechanoreceptors. This density is an image of the number of mechanoreceptors solicited and therefore of tactile perception (static and dynamic). In addition, the touch gestures used to perceive an object’s properties differ among people. Therefore, we seek to comprehend the tactile perception of different touch gestures due to the anisotropy of mechanical properties, and we study two different directions (top to bottom and left to right).
Bone morphogenetic protein signaling is required for RAD51-mediated maintenance of genome integrity in vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Vattulainen-Collanus Sanna , Southwood Mark , Yang Xu Dong , Moore Stephen , Ghatpande Prajakta , Morrell Nicholas W. , Lagna Giorgio , Hata Akiko
Published: September 2018

The integrity of blood vessels is fundamental to vascular homeostasis. Inactivating mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor type II (BMPR2) gene cause hereditary vascular disorders, including pulmonary arterial hypertension and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, suggesting that BMPR2 and its downstream signaling pathway are pivotal to the maintenance of vascular integrity through an unknown molecular mechanism. Here we report that inactivation of BMPR2 in pulmonary vascular endothelial cells results in a deficit of RAD51, an enzyme essential for DNA repair and replication. Loss of RAD51, which causes DNA damage and cell death, is also detected in animal models and human patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Restoration of BMPR2 or activation of the BMP signaling pathway rescues RAD51 and prevents DNA damage. This is an unexpected role of BMP signaling in preventing the accumulation of DNA damage and the concomitant loss of endothelial integrity and vascular remodeling associated with vascular disorders.
Survey of local impacts of biofuel crop production and adoption of ethanol stoves in southern Africa
Authors: Gasparatos Alexandros , von Maltitz Graham P. , Johnson Francis X. , Romeu-Dalmau Carla , Jumbe Charles B. L. , Ochieng Caroline , Mudombi Shakespear , Balde Boubacar Siddighi , Luhanga Davies , Lopes Paulo , Nyambane Anne , Jarzebski Marcin P. , Willis Katherine J.
Published: September 2018

The two datasets outlined in this paper contain information related to (a) the local impacts of biofuel feedstock production, and (b) the factors that influence the adoption and/or sustained use of ethanol stoves in southern Africa. The first dataset was generated through extensive household surveys around four operational jatropha and sugarcane production sites in Malawi, Mozambique, and Swaziland. This project aimed to examine the local impacts of the most prominent modes of existing or intended biofuel feedstock production in southern Africa. The resulting dataset contains information about impacts on rural livelihoods, ecosystem services, food security and poverty alleviation. The second dataset is the outcome of research into factors that influence the adoption and sustained use of ethanol stoves. This dataset was collected through a household survey in Maputo city where the only large-scale ethanol stove dissemination programme in Africa has been implemented.
Time-lapse confocal imaging datasets to assess structural and dynamic properties of subcellular nanostructures
Authors: Ferri Gianmarco , Digiacomo Luca , D’Autilia Francesca , Durso William , Caracciolo Giulio , Cardarelli Francesco
Published: September 2018

Time-lapse optical microscopy datasets from living cells can potentially afford an enormous amount of quantitative information on the relevant structural and dynamic properties of sub-cellular organelles/structures, provided that both the spatial and temporal dimensions are properly sampled during the experiment. Here we provide exemplary live-cell, time-lapse confocal imaging datasets corresponding to three sub-cellular structures of the endo-lysosomal pathway, i.e. early endosomes, late endosomes and lysosomes, along with detailed guidelines to produce analogous experiments. Validation of the datasets is conducted by means of established analytical tools to extract the structural and dynamic properties at the sub-cellular scale, such as Single Particle Tracking (SPT) and imaging derived Mean Square Displacement (iMSD) analyses. In our aim, the present work would help other researchers in the field to reuse the provided datasets for their own scopes, and to combine their creative approaches/analyses to similar acquisitions.
Plutonium environmental chemistry: mechanisms for the surface-mediated reduction of Pu(v/vi)
Authors: Hixon Amy E. , Powell Brian A.
Published: September 2018

Evaluation of the seven proposed mechanisms for the surface-mediated reduction of Pu(v/vi).
Dual action of vitamin C in iron supplement therapeutics for iron deficiency anemia: prevention of liver damage induced by iron overload
Authors: He Huan , Qiao Yang , Zhang Zeyu , Wu Zelong , Liu Dan , Liao Zhangping , Yin Dong , He Ming
Published: September 2018

Vitamin C, an excellent reducing agent, aids in increasing absorbable ferrous iron in iron deficiency anemia.
The semiquinone radical anion of 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione: synthesis and rare earth coordination chemistry
Authors: Hickson James R. , Horsewill Samuel J. , McGuire Jake , Wilson Claire , Sproules Stephen , Farnaby Joy H.
Published: September 2018

The redox-active ligand as a route to heterobimetallic rare earth-transition metal compounds containing a semiquinone radical anion.
Expedient stereospecific Co-catalyzed tandem C–N and C–O bond formation of N-methylanilines with styrene oxides
Authors: Satheesh Vanaparthi , Vivek Kumar Sundaravel , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam
Published: September 2018

The Co(ii)-catalyzed stereospecific sequential C–N and C–O bond formation of styrene oxides with N-methylanilines has been developed. Optically active epoxides can be coupled with high enantiomeric purity.
Rhodium(iii)-catalysed decarbonylative annulation through C–H activation: expedient access to aminoisocoumarins by weak coordination
Authors: Mayakrishnan Sivakalai , Arun Yuvaraj , Uma Maheswari Narayanan , Perumal Paramasivan Thirumalai
Published: September 2018

Rh-Catalysed decarbonylative annulation of isatoic anhydrides with alkynes through C–H activation for the direct synthesis of 8-aminoisocoumarins has been developed.
Correction: A combined stretching–tilting mechanism produces negative, zero and positive linear thermal expansion in a semi-flexible Cd(ii)-MOF
Authors: Lama Prem , Das Raj Kumar , Smith Vincent J. , Barbour Leonard J.
Published: September 2018

Correction for ‘A combined stretching–tilting mechanism produces negative, zero and positive linear thermal expansion in a semi-flexible Cd(ii)-MOF’ by Prem Lama et al., Chem. Commun., 2014, 50, 6464–6467.
A novel approach for tailoring structural, morphological, photoluminescence and nonlinear optical features in spray coated Cu:ZnO nanostructuresviae-beam
Authors: Antony Albin , Poornesh P. , Kityk I. V. , Ozga K. , Sanjeev Ganesh , Petwal Vikash Chandra , Verma Vijay Pal , Dwivedi Jishnu
Published: September 2018

We present electron beam induced modifications on structural, morphological, and optical properties of spray coated Cu doped ZnO thin films for nonlinear optical applications.
Two-dimensional cyano-bridged coordination polymer of Mn(H2O)2[Ni(CN)4]: structural analysis and proton conductivity measurements upon dehydration and rehydration
Authors: Alowasheeir Azhar , Tominaka Satoshi , Ide Yusuke , Yamauchi Yusuke , Matsushita Yoshitaka
Published: September 2018

The interlayer spaces in the two-dimensional cyano-bridged coordination polymer were found to be non-ionic and not proton conductive.
Application of electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (ESPR) to the study of electroactive microbial biofilms
Authors: Golden Joel , Yates Matthew D. , Halsted Michelle , Tender Leonard
Published: September 2018

Results reveal that for an electrode-grown Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilm, as much as 70% of cytochrome hemes residing within hundreds of nanometers from the electrode surface store electrons even as extracellular electron transport is occurring across the biofilm/electrode interface.
Temperature dependence of dynamic, tunnelling and kinetic isotope effects in formate dehydrogenase
Authors: Roca Maite , Ruiz-Pernía J. Javier , Castillo Raquel , Oliva Mónica , Moliner Vicent
Published: September 2018

The protein cannot be considered as a passive spectator of the chemical system; it is part of the chemical reaction.
Functionalised heterogeneous catalysts for sustainable biomass valorisation
Authors: Sudarsanam Putla , Zhong Ruyi , Van den Bosch Sander , Coman Simona M. , Parvulescu Vasile I. , Sels Bert F.
Published: September 2018

Functionalised heterogeneous catalysts show great potentials for efficient valorisation of renewable biomass to value-added chemicals and high-energy density fuels.
Phosphine oxide-based tricarbonylrhenium(i) complexes from phosphine/phosphine oxide and dihydroxybenzoquinones
Authors: Arumugam Ramar , Shankar Bhaskaran , Shanmugam Ramasamy , Arumuganathan T. , Sathiyendiran Malaichamy
Published: September 2018

Visible light absorbing PO donor-based organometallic complexes were assembled from PR3/OPR3, dihydroxybenzoquinone and Re2(CO)10.
Monomeric nickel hydroxide stabilized by a sterically demanding phosphorus–nitrogen PN3P-pincer ligand: synthesis, reactivity and catalysis
Authors: Yao Changguang , Chakraborty Priyanka , Aresu Emanuele , Li Huaifeng , Guan Chao , Zhou Chunhui , Liang Lan-Chang , Huang Kuo-Wei
Published: September 2018

Various new nickel complexes and amides are synthesized using monomeric nickel hydroxide (PN3P)Ni(OH) (3) as the precursor or catalyst.
Spice-derived phenolic, malabaricone B induces mitochondrial damage in lung cancer cellsviaa p53-independent pathway
Authors: Tyagi Mrityunjay , Maity Biswanath , Saha Bhaskar , Bauri Ajay Kumar , Subramanian Mahesh , Chattopadhyay Subrata , Patro Birija Sankar
Published: September 2018

The spice-derived phenolic, malabaricone B induces mitochondrial cell death and reduces lung tumor growthin vivo.
Microbiota-accessible pectic poly- and oligosaccharides in gut health
Authors: Tingirikari Jagan Mohan Rao
Published: September 2018

The current review highlights the role and applications of pectin-derived poly- and oligosaccharides in the health and wellbeing of the gut.
New eco-cellular concretes: sustainable and energy-efficient materials
Authors: Font Alba , Borrachero María Victoria , Soriano Lourdes , Monzó José , Mellado Ana , Payá Jordi
Published: September 2018

Chemistry is an essential science for understanding and developing construction materials.
Recycling application of waste Li–MnO2 batteries as efficient catalysts based on electrochemical lithiation to improve catalytic activity
Authors: Wang Xu , Qiu Haijun , Liu Haolin , Shi Penghui , Fan Jinchen , Min Yulin , Xu Qunjie
Published: September 2018

The recycling of waste Li–MnO2 batteries based on electrochemical lithiation during discharge.
Copper catalysis: ligand-controlled selective N-methylation or N-formylation of amines with CO2 and phenylsilane
Authors: Li Xue-Dong , Xia Shu-Mei , Chen Kai-Hong , Liu Xiao-Fang , Li Hong-Ru , He Liang-Nian
Published: September 2018

Selective N-formylation or N-methylation of amines was performed by subtly choosing the ligand in copper-promoted reductive functionalization of CO2.
High frequency acoustic permeabilisation of drugs through tissue for localised mucosal delivery
Authors: Ramesan Shwathy , Rezk Amgad R. , Yeo Leslie Y.
Published: September 2018

Localisation of drugs and therapeutic molecules within the mucosa for effective vaccinationviaa miniature handheld and portable microacoustofluidic device.
Electrically conductive nanocomposite hydrogels embedded with functionalized carbon nanotubes for spinal cord injury
Authors: Liu Xifeng , Kim Joseph C. , Miller A. Lee , Waletzki Brian E. , Lu Lichun
Published: September 2018

Electrically conductive hydrogels incorporated with CNTs support PC12 cell growth and differentiation and hold promise for nerve regeneration.
An intense luminescent Dy(iii) single-ion magnet with the acylpyrazolonate ligand showing two slow magnetic relaxation processes
Authors: Li Xi-Li , Li Junfeng , Zhu Cancan , Han Bing , Liu Yingfan , Yin Zhigang , Li Fengcai , Liu Cai-Ming
Published: September 2018

A new Dy(iii)-acylpyrazolonate complex displays both intense yellow-light emission and single-ion magnet behavior with two slow magnetic relaxation processes, acting as a potential bifunctional material.
Boosted visible light photodegradation activity of boron doped rGO/g-C3N4nanocomposites: the role of C–O–C bonds
Authors: Li Shaobo , Zhu Tao , Dong Lichun , Dong Mingdong
Published: September 2018

Boron doping is an effective way to promote the chemical interaction between rGO and g-C3N4.
Short synthesis, X-ray and conformational analysis of a cyclic peracetylated l-sorbose-derived nitrone, a useful intermediate towards N–O-containing d-gluco-iminosugars
Authors: Tangara Salia , Kanazawa Alice , Fayolle Martine , Philouze Christian , Poisson Jean-François , Behr Jean-Bernard , Py Sandrine
Published: September 2018

A crystalline peracetylated nitrone underwent regio- and stereoselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with alkynes, affording d-gluco-configured isoxazolines as a new class of iminosugars.
Broadband emission in a new lead free all-inorganic 3D CsZnCl2I perovskite
Authors: Aamir Muhammad , Khan Malik Dilshad , Sher Muhammad , Revaprasadu Neerish , Malik Mohammad Azad , Akhtar Javeed
Published: September 2018

Broadband emission was observed in new lead free all-inorganic 3D CsZnCl2I perovskite thin films deposited by AACVD.
Synthesis of complementary hierarchical structured Si/C composites with high Si content for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Yue Xin-Yang , Yan Zhong , Song Yun , Wu Xiao-Jing , Zhou Yong-Ning
Published: September 2018

A double-morphology Si/C composite with a complementary hierarchical structure is reported as a new anode material for lithium batteries.
Single atom alloy catalyst for SO3decomposition: enhancement of platinum catalyst's performance by Ag atom embedding
Authors: Nigam Sandeep , Majumder Chiranjib
Published: September 2018

Single Ag atom embedded Pt particle as novel catalyst for SO3decomposition. They show lower activation barrier and have potential towards better thermal resistance and better recyclability.
Weak anti-localization of two-dimensional holes in germanium beyond the diffusive regime
Authors: Chou C.-T. , Jacobson N. T. , Moussa J. E. , Baczewski A. D. , Chuang Y. , Liu C.-Y. , Li J.-Y. , Lu T. M.
Published: September 2018

Gateable ballistic spin transport is achieved in Ge quantum wells.
A chiral responsive carbon dots–gold nanoparticle complex mediated by hydrogen peroxide independent of surface modification with chiral ligands
Authors: Zhou Juan , Duan Jinxiang , Zhang Xian-En , Wang Qiang , Men Dong
Published: September 2018

Chiral discrimination of glucose enantiomers in a dual-mode colorimetric and fluorescence assay is achieved through the formation of a C-dots@Au NP complex triggered by a stereoselective enzymatic reaction.
Activation of the hypervalent fluoroiodane reagent by hydrogen bonding to hexafluoroisopropanol
Authors: Minhas Harsimran K. , Riley William , Stuart Alison M. , Urbonaite Martyna
Published: September 2018

Hexafluoroisopropan-2-ol is an excellent solvent for promoting fluorinations with the stable hypervalent fluoroiodane reagent without any transition metals or TREAT-HF activators.
Blocky bromination of syndiotactic polystyreneviapost-polymerization functionalization in the heterogeneous gel state
Authors: Noble Kristen F. , Noble Alexandria M. , Talley Samantha J. , Moore Robert B.
Published: September 2018

This work demonstrates the successful blocky bromination of syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS-co-sPS-Br) copolymers containing 6–30 mol%p-bromostyrene units, using a post-polymerization functionalization method conducted in the heterogeneous gel state.
Dinuclear lanthanide–lithium complexes based on fluorinated β-diketonate with acetal group: magnetism and effect of crystal packing on mechanoluminescence
Authors: Bazhin Denis N. , Kudyakova Yulia S. , Bogomyakov Artem S. , Slepukhin Pavel A. , Kim Grigory A. , Burgart Yanina V. , Saloutin Victor I.
Published: September 2018

A convenient and straightforward synthesis of a novel type of Ln–Li β-diketonates with a discrete molecular structure is presented.
Alkylation–peroxidation of α-carbonyl imines or ketones catalyzed by a copper salt via radical-mediated Csp3–H functionalization
Authors: Lei Meng , Li Yanjun , Cao Shi , Hou Xinyi , Gong Lei
Published: September 2018

The catalytic alkylation–peroxidation of α-carbonyl imines or ketones was enabled by a simple copper salt via radical-mediated Csp3–H functionalization.
DDQ-mediated regioselective C–S bond formation: efficient access to allylic sulfides
Authors: Li Chunsheng , Li Jianxiao , Tan Chaowei , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: September 2018

A novel metal-free dehydrocoupling approach for constructing allylic sulfidesviaoxidative allylic C–H functionalization with high atom- and step-economy has been developed.
Revealing the deformation mechanism of amorphous polyethylene subjected to cycle loadingviamolecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Fang Qihong , Tian Yuanyuan , Wu Hong , Li Jia
Published: September 2018

Despite tremendous efforts being devoted to the study of the deformation behavior of polyethylene, the deformation mechanism of an amorphous polyethylene polymer under cycle shear-loading remains largely unknown.
A magnetic molecularly imprinted optical chemical sensor for specific recognition of trace quantities of virus
Authors: Zhang Feng , Luo Lianghui , Gong Hang , Chen Chunyan , Cai Changqun
Published: September 2018

A magnetic resonance light scattering (RLS) sensor based on the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) technique was developed for specific recognition of trace quantities of hepatitis A virus (HAV).
Unraveling substituent effects on frontier orbitals of conjugated molecules using an absolutely localized molecular orbital based analysis
Authors: Mao Yuezhi , Head-Gordon Martin , Shao Yihan
Published: September 2018

An extended ALMO-EDA scheme to analyze substituent effects on frontier orbitals of conjugated molecules.
Base-induced reversible H2 addition to a single Sn(ii) centre
Authors: Turnell-Ritson Roland C. , Sapsford Joshua S. , Cooper Robert T. , Lee Stella S. , Földes Tamás , Hunt Patricia A. , Pápai Imre , Ashley Andrew E.
Published: September 2018

A ‘frustrated Lewis pair’-type mechanism allows the first observation of reversible H2 addition to a single-site main-group complex.
Dynamics of the excited-state hydrogen transfer in a (dG)·(dC) homopolymer: intrinsic photostability of DNA
Authors: Francés-Monerris Antonio , Gattuso Hugo , Roca-Sanjuán Daniel , Tuñón Iñaki , Marazzi Marco , Dumont Elise , Monari Antonio
Published: September 2018

Multiscale molecular dynamics simulations reveal out-of-plane distortions that favour DNA photostability. A novel photostability mechanism involving four proton transfers and triggered by a nearby Na+ ion is also unveiled.
A flexible dual solid-stateelectrolyte supercapacitor with suppressed self-discharge and enhanced stability
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Chen Jiayi , Fan Ruxue , Wang Yong
Published: September 2018

A novel dual solid-state electrolyte supercapacitor (DSES) based on CuCl2active species has been developed to significantly enhance the capacitance, suppress the SDC process and improve the cyclic stability.
Recent progress in advanced electrode materials, separators and electrolytes for lithium batteries
Authors: Zhang Hailin , Zhao Hongbin , Khan Muhammad Arif , Zou Wenwen , Xu Jiaqiang , Zhang Lei , Zhang Jiujun
Published: September 2018

This article comprehensively reviews the recent progress in the development of key components of lithium-ion batteries, including positive/negative electrodes, electrolytes and separators. The necessity of developing batteries with high energy/power density and long cycle-life is emphasized both in terms of industrial and academic perspectives.
High-efficiency organic solar cells based on a halide salt and polyfluorene polymer with a high alignment-level of the cathode selective contact
Authors: Balderrama Victor S. , Sánchez José G. , Lastra Gonzalo , Cambarau Werther , Arias Saúl , Pallarès Josep , Palomares Emilio , Estrada Magali , Marsal Lluis F.
Published: September 2018

The combination of halide salts with polyfluorene used as the buffer cathode in organic solar cells greatly improves the photovoltaic performance with the best power conversion efficiency being 11%.
Rhombic porous CoP2 nanowire arrays synthesized by alkaline etching as highly active hydrogen-evolution-reaction electrocatalysts
Authors: Zhou Yi , Yang Yuying , Wang Ruijing , Wang Xiaotong , Zhang Xinyuan , Qiang Lulu , Wang Wenbin , Wang Qian , Hu Zhongai
Published: September 2018

Rhombic arrays of porous CoP2 nanowires on carbon cloth for an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction in both acid and alkaline media.
Metallated azo-naphthalene diimide based redox-active porous organic polymer as an efficient water oxidation electrocatalyst
Authors: Bhat Sajad Ahmad , Das Chayanika , Maji Tapas Kumar
Published: September 2018

Metallated redox active porous organic polymer for water oxidation.
Design and preparation of three-dimensional MnO/N-doped carbon nanocomposites based on waste biomass for high storage and ultra-fast transfer of lithium ions
Authors: Feng Qiaoxia , Li Huanxin , Tan Zhong , Huang Zhongyuan , Jiang Lanlan , Zhou Haihui , Pan Hongyu , Zhou Qiang , Ma Shuai , Kuang Yafei
Published: September 2018

Batteries with fast charging capability are urgently needed to meet the rapidly increasing demand for energy storage devices.
Mesoporous CoO/Co–N–C nanofibers as efficient cathode catalysts for Li–O2 batteries
Authors: He Biao , Wang Jun , Fan Yuqi , Jiang Yuliang , Zhai Yanjie , Wang Yu , Huang Qishun , Dang Feng , Zhang Zidong , Wang Ning
Published: September 2018

The facile synthesis of the CoO and Co nanoparticles-embedded mesoporous carbon nanofibers (CoO/Co–N–C) as cathode catalysts for Li–O2 batteries.
Pb(ii), Cu(ii) and Cd(ii) removal using a humic substance-based double network hydrogel in individual and multicomponent systems
Authors: Ma Jianhong , Luo Jinming , Liu Yutang , Wei Yuanfeng , Cai Tao , Yu Xingwen , Liu Hui , Liu Chengbin , Crittenden John C.
Published: September 2018

Adsorption of Pb(ii), Cu(ii) and Cd(ii) in various systems by a low-cost and easy-to-regenerate humic substance-based hydrogel.
Ultrathin FeFx nanolayers accelerating hole transfer for enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Feng Chenchen , Wang Lei , Fu Shurong , Fan Kai , Zhang Yajun , Bi Yingpu
Published: September 2018

Here, we demonstrate the in situ growth of ultrathin FeFx nanolayers on Fe2O3 photoanodes, acting as a highly efficient cocatalyst to accelerate hole transfer for improving PEC activity.
Highly reversible Na ion storage in N-doped polyhedral carbon-coated transition-metal chalcogenides by optimizing the nanostructure and surface engineering
Authors: Pan Yuelei , Cheng Xudong , Gong Lunlun , Shi Long , Deng Yurui , Zhang Heping
Published: September 2018

Polyhedral carbon-coated structural N-CoS2@C nanoparticles are synthesized by a facile one-pot solvothermal technique and exhibit excellent sodium ion storage performance.
Zwitterion threaded metal–organic framework membranes for direct methanol fuel cells
Authors: Guo Yi , Jiang Zhongqing , Wang Xiaobin , Ying Wen , Chen Danka , Liu Sihang , Chen Shengfu , Jiang Zhong-jie , Peng Xinsheng
Published: September 2018

Zwitter MOF membranes are synthesized via a self-confined conversion growing process and demonstrate both high proton and hydroxide conductivities and show great potential for acid and alkaline direct methanol fuel cells.
Non-invasive characterization of hybrid gelatin:poly-l-lactide electrospun scaffolds using second harmonic generation and multiphoton imaging
Authors: Piccirillo Germano , Ditaranto Mauro V. , Feuerer Nora F.S. , Carvajal Berrio Daniel A. , Brauchle Eva M. , Pepe Antonietta , Bochicchio Brigida , Schenke-Layland Katja , Hinderer Svenja
Published: September 2018

In this work we generated hybrid gelatin:poly-l-lactide electrospun scaffolds and implemented non-invasive methods to characterize them.
Three hidden talents in one framework: a terephthalic acid-coordinated cupric metal–organic framework with cascade cysteine oxidase- and peroxidase-mimicking activities and stimulus-responsive fluorescence for cysteine sensing
Authors: Li Xin , Zhou Hao , Qi Fei , Niu Xiangheng , Xu Xuechao , Qiu Fengxian , He Yanfang , Pan Jianming , Ni Liang
Published: September 2018

A terephthalic acid-coordinated cupric metal–organic framework with cascade cysteine oxidase- and peroxidase-mimicking activities and stimulus-responsive fluorescence for cysteine sensing.
Efficient flash memory devices based on non-conjugated ferrocene-containing copolymers
Authors: Xiang Jing , Li Xiangling , Ma Yun , Zhao Qiang , Ho Cheuk-Lam , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: September 2018

Non-conjugated ferrocene-containing copolymers FcCP1−FcCP3 with a triphenylamine, benzothiazole or phenothiazine pendant group exhibit flash memory behaviour with a bistable conductive process. Among them, FcCP1 showed a large ON/OFF current ratio of 103 to 104 and a low threshold voltage of −0.6 V.
Colossal negative electrocaloric effects in lead-free bismuth ferrite-based bulk ferroelectric perovskite for solid-state refrigeration
Authors: Liu Ningtao , Liang Ruihong , Zhang Guangzu , Zhou Zhiyong , Yan Shiguang , Li Xiaobing , Dong Xianlin
Published: September 2018

A colossal negative electrocaloric effect is demonstrated for the first time in versatile bismuth ferrite-based perovskite.
Accuracy of Smartphone Self-Hearing Test Applications Across Frequencies and Earphone Styles in Adults
Authors: Barczik Jessica , Serpanos Yula C.
Published: September 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to evaluate smartphone-based self-hearing test applications (apps) for accuracy in threshold assessment and validity in screening for hearing loss across frequencies and earphone transducer styles.

Method

Twenty-two adult participants (10 =
normal hearing
; 12 =
sensorineural hearing loss
;
n
= 44 ears) underwent conventional audiometry and performed 6 self-administered hearing tests using two iPhone-based apps (App 1 = uHear [Version 2.0.2, Unitron]; App 2 = uHearingTest [Version 1.0.3, WooFu Tech, LLC.]) each with 3 different transducers (earbud earphones, supra-aural headphones, circumaural headphones). Hearing sensitivity results using the smartphone apps across frequencies and transducers were compared with conventional audiometry.

Results

Differences in accuracy were revealed between the hearing test apps across frequencies and earphone styles. The uHear app using the iPhone standard EarPod earbud earphones was accurate to conventional thresholds (
p
> .002 with Bonferroni correction) at 1000, 2000, 4000, and 6000 Hz and found valid (81%–100% sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values) for screening mild or greater hearing loss (> 25 dB HL) at 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 6000 Hz. The uHearingTest app was accurate in threshold assessment and determined valid for screening mild or greater hearing loss (> 25 dB HL) using supra-aural headphones at 2000, 4000, and 8000 Hz.

Conclusions

Self-hearing test apps can be accurate in hearing threshold assessment and screening for mild or greater hearing loss (> 25 dB HL) when using appropriate transducers. To ensure accuracy, manufacturers should specify earphone model instructions to users of smartphone-based self-hearing test apps.
Experimental study on the partial discharge and AC breakdown properties of C4F7N/CO2 mixture
Authors: Li Yi , Zhang Xiaoxing , Zhang Ji , Fu Mingli , Zhuo Ran , Luo Yi , Chen Dachang , Xiao Song
Published: September 2018

As an environmental friendly insulating medium, C4F7N has received extensive attention in the past two years. In this study, the partial discharge (PD) and breakdown characteristics of C4F7N/CO2 gas mixture were investigated using the gas insulation performance test platform. The influence of gas pressure and mixing ratio on the PD initial voltage (PDIV) and breakdown voltage of C4F7N/CO2 gas mixture in different electric fields was tested. It was found that the PDIV and breakdown voltage of gas mixture with 2–8% C4F7N in the highly non‐uniform field showed a linear saturation increasing trend with the change of gas pressure and mixing ratio. The breakdown voltage of gas mixture increases linearly with gas pressure in the quasi‐uniform electric field. The relative breakdown voltage of gas mixture in the highly non‐uniform field under high‐pressure conditions is inferior to those of low‐pressure conditions. The C4F7N/CO2 gas mixture containing 2–8% C4F7N is sensitive to the non‐uniformity of electric field. According to the PD and breakdown tests results, C4F7N/CO2 gas mixture with 2–8% C4F7N has the potential to replace SF6 using in gas‐insulated equipment.
Compact planar active integrated inverted‐F antenna with frequency reconfigurable capability
Authors: Gundumalla Ashok , Agrawal Sachin , Parihar Manoj Singh
Published: September 2018

This study presents two compact high‐efficiency active integrated antennas (AIAs) working at 2.15 GHz. Both AIAs are realised by integrating the planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) at the back side of the class‐E power amplifier. In the first design, the antenna input impedance is transformed into an optimum impedance of the power amplifier. It achieves the maximum power added efficiency (PAE) of 68.6% with a total dimension of 0.36λ0 × 0.32λ0 × 0.03λ0 (λ0 is calculated at 2.15 GHz). In the second design, the antenna directly connected to the drain terminal of the power amplifier and offers a maximum PAE of 74% with a compact size of 0.21λ0 × 0.17λ0 × 0.04λ0, results in the size reduction of 59%. The novelty of the second design is it offers frequency reconfigurable nature by moving the shorting plate of PIFA without scaling the power amplifier and antenna, which can support Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) (1920–2170 MHz), long term evolution (LTE)‐40 (2300–2400), and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) (2500–2690 MHz) frequency bands. The measured results demonstrate that the proposed reconfigurable AIA yields the maximum PAE of 64% at both frequencies 2.3 and 2.6 GHz.
Marginal tracking algorithm for hypersonic reentry gliding vehicle
Authors: Yu Chen‐long , Tan Xian‐si , Qu Zhi‐guo , Wang Hong , Xie Fei
Published: September 2018

Here, the trajectory of hypersonic reentry gliding vehicle is tracked in the East–North–Up (ENU) coordinate system (CS) using a novel marginal tracking algorithm. Firstly, the trajectories are compared and analysed through numerical simulation. The authors try to establish the manoeuvring models based on flight path angle and heading angle. However, they are all invisible in the ENU CS. Fortunately, inclination angle and azimuth angle can be utilised to replace them. Secondly, the trajectory is projected onto the longitudinal and horizontal observation planes and is tracked synchronously in them. The three‐dimensional tracking is achieved through measurement data preprocessing, marginal filtering, and state merging. Finally, the parameters of manoeuvring models in two observation planes are set. Simulation shows that the algorithm has a good robustness and high tracking precision.
Cost function design for the fully adaptive radar framework
Authors: Mitchell Adam E. , Smith Graeme E. , Bell Kristine L. , Duly Andrew J. , Rangaswamy Muralidhar
Published: September 2018

By emulating the neuropsychological processes underpinning animal cognition, the field of cognitive radar seeks to improve performance compared to non‐adaptive systems. The fully adaptive radar (FAR) framework is an application agnostic means of implementing the perception–action cycle in radars. This work proposes a method of designing the FAR framework's component cost functions inspired by the field of multi‐objective optimisation. As an illustration, the general cost functions were used to implement waveform adaptation for single target tracking. Both simulated and experimental results demonstrated how altering the cost functions can tailor the FAR performance to specific radar operating modes.
Stability of planets in triple star systems
Authors: Busetti F. , Beust H. , Harley C.
Published: September 2018

Context. Numerous theoretical studies of the stellar dynamics of triple systems have been carried out, but fewer purely empirical studies that have addressed planetary orbits within these systems. Most of these empirical studies have been for coplanar orbits and with a limited number of orbital parameters.

Aims. Our objective is to provide a more generalized empirical mapping of the regions of planetary stability in triples by considering both prograde and retrograde motion of planets and the outer star; investigating highly inclined orbits of the outer star; extending the parameters used to all relevant orbital elements of the triple’s stars and expanding these elements and mass ratios to wider ranges that will accommodate recent and possibly future observational discoveries.

Methods. Using N-body simulations, we integrated numerically the various four-body configurations over the parameter space, using a symplectic integrator designed specifically for the integration of hierarchical multiple stellar systems. The triples were then reduced to binaries and the integrations repeated to highlight the differences between these two types of system.

Results. This established the regions of secular stability and resulted in 24 semi-empirical models describing the stability bounds for planets in each type of triple orbital configuration. The results were then compared with the observational extremes discovered to date to identify regions that may contain undiscovered planets.
NuSTAR and NICER reveal IGR J17591–2342 as a new accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar
Authors: Sanna A. , Ferrigno C. , Ray P. S. , Ducci L. , Jaisawal G. K. , Enoto T. , Bozzo E. , Altamirano D. , Di Salvo T. , Strohmayer T. E. , Papitto A. , Riggio A. , Burderi L. , Bult P. M. , Bogdanov S. , Gambino A. F. , Marino A. , Iaria R. , Arzoumanian Z. , Chakrabarty D. , Gendreau K. C. , Guillot S. , Markwardt C. , Wolff M. T.
Published: September 2018

We report the discovery by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) and the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) of the accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar IGR J17591–2342. Coherent X-ray pulsations around 527.4 Hz (1.9 ms) with a clear Doppler modulation were detected. This implies an orbital period of ∼8.8 h and a projected semi-major axis of ∼1.23 lt-s. With the binary mass function, we estimate a minimum companion mass of 0.42 M⊙, obtained assuming a neutron star mass of 1.4 M⊙ and an inclination angle lower than 60°, as suggested by the absence of eclipses or dips in the light curve of the source. The broad-band energy spectrum, obtained by combining NuSTAR, swift and INTEGRAL observations, is dominated by Comptonisation of soft thermal seed photons with a temperature of ∼0.7 keV by electrons heated to 21 keV. We also detect black-body-like thermal direct emission that is compatible with an emission region of a few kilometers and a temperature compatible with the seed source of Comptonisation. A weak Gaussian line centred on the iron Kα complex can be interpreted as a signature of disc reflection. A similar spectrum characterises the NICER spectra, which was measured when the outburst faded.
Investigation on precision and performance for hot gas forming of thin-walled components of Ti2AlNb-based alloy
Authors: Jiao Xueyan , Liu Zhiqiang , Wu Yong , Liu Gang
Published: September 2018

Ti2AlNb-based alloys have received considerable attention as potential materials to replace the nickel alloy at 600-750 °C, depending on their advantages of high specific strength, good corrosion and oxidation resistance. To realize the precision and performance control for Ti2AlNb-based alloy thin-walled components, the microstructure evolution was analyzed for setting up the unified viscoplastic constitutive equations based on the physical variables and simulating the forming process coupled between the deformation and the microstructure evolution. Through the finite element model with coupling of microstructure and mechanical parameters, the microstructure evolution and shape fabricating can be predicted at the same time, to provide the basis for the process parameters optimization and performance control. With the reasonable process parameters for hot gas forming of Ti2AlNb thin-walled components, the forming precision and performance can be controlled effectively.