bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diabetic Ankle Fractures: Does Management Differ? A Case-based Presentation
Authors: Shah Rajiv , Shah Shivam R
Published: September 2019

Fractures in diabetics pose a great management challenge as diabetes mellitus affects fracture healing at the cellular level. With a steep rise in the number of diabetics the world over, there also is a rise in the incidences of ankle fractures. Nonoperative as well as operative management of ankle fractures in diabetics is fraught with a high rate of complications. With the help of history and clinical examination, the clinician must classify the case as either a complicated or an uncomplicated diabetes presentation. Case-based discussion for both these types of diabetic ankle fractures is offered in this article, and we propose a lucid management algorithm.

How to cite this article

Shah R, Shah SR. Diabetic Ankle Fractures: Does Management Differ? A Case-based Presentation. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(2):77-83.
Comparative Study of Platelet-rich Plasma and Corticosteroid Injection in the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Tank Gyaneshwar , Rohila Ravikant , Gupta, Rohit , Gupta, Amit
Published: September 2019

Introduction

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is promoted now­adays as an ideal autologous biological blood-derived product. It enhances wound healing, bone healing, tendon healing and is currently being widely used.

Aims and objectives

A prospective cohort study was done to assess the efficacy of autologous PRP injection and to compare it with corticosteroid injection in treatment of plantar fasciitis (PF).

Materials and methods

Eighty patients were included in the study and divided into two groups. Group I (30 patients) received PRP injection and group II (50 patients) were given steroid injection. Patients were clinically assessed at different intervals. Functional outcome was evaluated on the basis of visual analog scale (VAS) and foot and ankle ability measure (FAAM) scores. Planter fascia thickness was assessed pre- and postinjection by ultrasound.

Results

Platelet-rich plasma and corticosteroid injection groups at the initial visit had VAS score of 8.44 and 8.38 respectively which was reduced to 1.46 and 3.02 at the end of 6 months. The PRP and corticosteroid injection groups at the initial visit had FAAM score of 29.9 and 31.6 respectively which increased to 83.4 and 69.1 at the end of 6 months. After injection, the PRP group had significant reduction (35.90%) in the thickness of plantar fascia as compared to corticosteroid group (28.67%).

Conclusion

Treatment of PF with PRP extract reduces pain and significantly increases function, exceeding the effect of steroid on long-term follow-up.

How to cite this article

Tank G, Gupta R, Gupta A, Rohila R. Comparative Study of Platelet-rich Plasma and Corticosteroid Injection in the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(2):84-89.
The Metatarsal Axis Deviation Angle: A Novel Angular Measurement for Planning Surgery of Severe Hallux Valgus
Authors: Kantak Avadhoot P
Published: September 2019

Surgical planning for hallux valgus is a complex procedure. Many angular measurements are described to decide on the correct procedure. Primus metatarsus varus is considered as one of the important factors in the causation and persistence of hallux valgus. Intermetatarsal angle (IMA) has been used to assess the first metatarsal varus. However, we identified a normal IMA in some feet with severe hallux valgus; and these feet had metatarsus adductus. Hence, after further investigations, we propose a new angular measurement to detect axis deviation of the first metatarsal. We have called this the metatarsal axis deviation angle (MADA). We also recommend a basal realignment osteotomy in hallux valgus with the MADA of more than 30°.

How to cite this article

Kantak AP. The Metatarsal Axis Deviation Angle: A Novel Angular Measurement for Planning Surgery of Severe Hallux Valgus. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(2):97-99.
Recent Development in the Molecular Diagnosis of Tuberculosis
Authors: Sarkar Supriya
Published: September 2019

Molecular diagnostic tests are the molecular techniques used to detect a nucleic acid of organisms. They have revolutionized the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and drug resistance. Cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification tests (CBNAAT) and line probe assay (LPA) have been accepted in our national tuberculosis control program. CBNAAT has the advantage that it can be done from crude samples and smear negative samples and results can be obtained by 2 hours. But CBNAAT can detect rifampicin resistance only.

On the contrary, LPA can detect rifampicin and isoniazid resistance, but the test can only be done at regional or national levels. LPA cannot be done from smear negative or crude specimens. The recent version of LPA (version 2.0) can overcome that problem. Second line LPA can detect the drug resistance against fluoroquinolones, second line injectable drugs and ethambutol (in version 1.0 only). GeneXpert Omni is a portable technique having 4-hour lasting battery using the same cartridge. GeneXpert Ultra has more sensitivity due to larger chamber size and due to two additional probes. Ultra may replace Xpert soon as it will be more effective against smear-negative TB, TB in HIV positive persons, childhood TB, and extrapulmonary TB. With the introduction of molecular diagnostic tests for TB, we will be able to reduce the time of diagnosis of TB and drug resistance. Thereby, we will be able to start first line or second line anti-tubercular chemotherapy earlier, and that will help us to achieve our goal in controlling TB.
Valuing breeders' preferences in the conservation of the Koundoum sheep in Niger by multi-attribute analysis
Authors: Hamadou Issa , Moula Nassim , Siddo Seyni , Issa Moumouni , Marichatou Hamani , Leroy Pascal , Antoine-Moussiaux Nicolas
Published: September 2019

Abstract. This study characterises farmer's preferences for breeding rams and tackles their willingness to contribute to the Koundoum sheep conservation programme through their quantified appreciation of the main phenotypic features of the sheep breed in the region. The Koundoum is the main wool sheep of Niger and shows a remarkable adaptation to the environment of the Niger River valley. In Tillabéri region, i.e. the Koundoum sheep's area of origin, the proportional piling tool is first used in 11 focus group discussions of breeders to determine the main selection criteria of breeding rams. The multi-attribute analysis method is then applied with 168 sheep owners. The econometric estimation of the utility function of breeders is conducted with a conditional logit model and the marginal willingness to pay is calculated. The results reveal a strong rejection by the breeders of characteristics like wool and black-coloured coat and thus shows the poor acceptability of an in situ conservation programme. Few breeders with a particular concern for the breed's conservation for cultural motives may nevertheless join such a conservation programme that should mainly be based on ex situ strategies.
Developing a monthly radiative kernel for surface albedo change from satellite climatologies of Earth's shortwave radiation budget: CACK v1.0
Authors: Bright Ryan M. , O'Halloran Thomas L.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Due to the potential for land-use–land-cover change (LULCC) to alter
surface albedo, there is need within the LULCC science community for simple
and transparent tools for predicting radiative forcings (ΔF) from
surface albedo changes (Δαs). To that end, the radiative
kernel technique – developed by the climate modeling community to diagnose
internal feedbacks within general circulation models (GCMs) – has been
adopted by the LULCC science community as a tool to perform offline ΔF calculations for Δαs. However, the codes and data behind
the GCM kernels are not readily transparent, and the climatologies of the
atmospheric state variables used to derive them vary widely both in time
period and duration. Observation-based kernels offer an attractive
alternative to GCM-based kernels and could be updated annually at relatively
low costs. Here, we present a radiative kernel for surface albedo change
founded on a novel, simplified parameterization of shortwave radiative
transfer driven with inputs from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy
System (CERES) Energy Balance and Filled (EBAF) products. When constructed
on a 16-year climatology (2001–2016), we find that the CERES-based albedo
change kernel – or CACK – agrees remarkably well with the mean kernel of
four GCMs (rRMSE = 14 %). When the novel parameterization underlying
CACK is applied to emulate two of the GCM kernels using their own boundary
fluxes as input, we find even greater agreement (mean rRMSE = 7.4 %),
suggesting that this simple and transparent parameterization represents a
credible candidate for a satellite-based alternative to GCM kernels. We
document and compute the various sources of uncertainty underlying CACK and
include them as part of a more extensive dataset (CACK v1.0) while providing
examples showcasing its application.
Electrical formation factor of clean sand from laboratory measurements and digital rock physics
Authors: Garba Mohammed Ali , Vialle Stephanie , Madadi Mahyar , Gurevich Boris , Lebedev Maxim
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Electrical properties of rocks are important parameters for well-log and
reservoir interpretation. Laboratory measurements of such properties are
time-consuming, difficult, and impossible in some cases. Being able to
compute them from 3-D images of small samples will allow for the generation of a massive amount of
data in a short time, opening new avenues in applied and fundamental
science. To become a reliable method, the accuracy of this technology needs
to be tested. In this study, we developed a comprehensive and robust
workflow with clean sand from two beaches. Electrical conductivities at 1 kHz were first carefully measured in the laboratory. A range of porosities
spanning from a minimum of 0.26–0.33 to a maximum of 0.39–0.44,
depending on the samples, was obtained. Such a range was achieved by compacting the samples
in a way that reproduces the natural packing of sand. Characteristic electrical
formation factor versus porosity relationships were then obtained for each
sand type. 3-D microcomputed tomography images of each sand sample from the
experimental sand pack were acquired at different resolutions. Image
processing was done using a global thresholding method and up to 96
subsamples of sizes from 2003 to 7003 voxels. After
segmentation, the images were used to compute the effective electrical
conductivity of the sub-cubes using finite-element electrostatic
modelling. For the samples, a good agreement between laboratory measurements
and computation from digital cores was found if a sub-cube size representative elemental volume (REV) was
reached that is between 1300 and 1820 µm3, which,
with an average grain size of 160 µm, is between 8 and 11 grains.
Computed digital rock images of the clean sands have opened a way forward for
obtaining the formation factor within the shortest possible time; laboratory
calculations take 5 to 35 d as in the case of clean
and shaly sands, respectively, whereas digital rock physics computation takes just
3 to 5 h.
“Hegemonía” y “nacional-popular”, dos categorías gramscianas adulteradas por la teoría populista
Authors: Sánchez Berrocal Alejandro
Published: September 2019

El uso y abuso por parte de la teoría populista (Laclau, Mouffe, Errejón) de la filosofía de Antonio Gramsci ha supuesto una erosión, deformación y falsificación de buena parte de sus conceptos, sometidos a un juego de espejos posmoderno. En este artículo quisiéramos mostrar cómo la interpretación populista de dos categorías centrales del pensamiento gramsciano, “hegemonía” y “nacional-popular”, es un buen ejemplo de ello. Los principales hilos conductores que seguiremos serán la desconexión con su matriz leninista, el vaciado político de sus ideas y un reduccionismo idealista.
Centro Nacional Arte Contemporáneo Cerrillos (CNACC): motor de transformación de la ciudad de Santiago
Authors: Gallardo Frías Laura , Toledo Jofré María Isabel , Figueroa Garavagno Consuelo , Vera Bravo Javier Andrés , Pérez Huenupi Luis René
Published: September 2019

Los centros de arte contemporáneo son considerados piezas motoras de transformación urbana, lo que se ha constatado en numerosas ciudades de todo el mundo. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el Centro Nacional de Arte Contemporáneo Cerrillos (CNACC), como motor de transformación de la ciudad. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa y descriptiva que analiza un caso único de tipo institucional. Para la recolección de información se despliega una estrategia multimétodo: análisis de documentación histórica, análisis planimétrico urbano y arquitectónico y estudio etnográfico. Como resultado se presentan los aspectos centrales de la historia del edificio y del sector, la relación del Centro con la ciudad, se caracteriza la edificación y se reporta la experiencia de los habitantes. Luego se establece la capacidad del CNACC para operar como motor de transformación a partir de cinco elementos: conectividad, legibilidad, accesibilidad, recorridos y permanencias, y flexibilidad. Se concluye que el Centro Nacional de Arte Contemporáneo Cerrillos cuenta con las condiciones estructurales o de base que le otorgan el potencial necesario para llegar a constituirse en un motor de transformación de la ciudad.
Arquitectura y densidad
Authors: Vergara Vidal Jorge , Muñoz Diego Asenjo
Published: September 2019

La proliferación de edificaciones en altura en las comunas centrales de la ciudad de Santiago ha ido acompañada de una serie de debates sobre su efecto y su regulación. El texto recoge algunas controversias tempranas y recientes de esta tipología para trazar la forma cómo la densidad ha ido adquiriendo un sentido proyectual dentro de esta y sirviendo de criterio de justificación. Se discute el efecto de esto en el sentido funcional de los edificios de altura y se propone retomar el debate que antepone a sus formas, su función en las ciudades chilenas.
Mecanismos de reificación sociourbana del muralismo en Valparaíso
Authors: Cañete Islas Omar
Published: September 2019

Este artículo reflexiona sobre las formas de expresión artística urbana, que abarca desde los murales, grafitis, rayados, tags, hasta otras expresiones que generan modos de reificación social propios, que implica una alteridad y diversidad socio-estética desde el plano urbano. Esto supone diversos modos de valorar, apropiarse y posicionarse, semiótica e intersubjetivamente, dentro de las tramas y coordenadas simbólico-urbanas de todo habitar. Así, en este espacio urbano y social, necesariamente conviven tanto actitudes de aceptación, como de rechazo, recelo, habituación y deformación simbólico-perceptual, que dan cuenta de procesos semióticos y aún praxeológicos y axiológicos más profundos, como coordenadas que estructuran los marcos de reificación por parte de los distintos actores y grupos, planteándonos abiertas interrogantes respecto del presente y devenir de las ciudades.
Representación social de la muerte en las ilustraciones del Papel Periódico Ilustrado (1881-1888)
Authors: Recaman Clara Isabel
Published: September 2019

Este trabajo analiza el giro visual que se dio en el Papel Periódico Ilustrado con la inclusión de grabados relacionados con la representación social de la muerte, en especial los retratos post mortem, despojados de todo el simbolismo para ofrecernos un “retrato natural” en lo que lo importante no es el personaje, sino los rasgos mortuorios y el testimonio de su buena muerte, con el fin de hacer solemne y eternizar el memento mori, dentro de la vida colectiva de la sociedad colombiana. Se trata de entender cómo esas imágenes fueron textos visuales, encargados de informar los sucesos recientes de la época, los cuales, si hoy en día pueden resultar ajenos a nuestros gustos visuales, deben ser comprendidos dentro del contexto cultural que tuvo la muerte en el siglo XIX.

Como hombre de su tiempo, Alberto Urdaneta fundador y director del periódico tuvo conocimiento del papel que representó el tema de la muerte dentro de la comunicación de masas, en donde el retrato post mortem apareció como resultado de una adaptación paulatina de las prácticas en el ámbito privado al público.
La inserción laboral en las empresas de la zona occidental de El Salvador
Authors: Sayes Carlos Edmundo
Published: September 2019

Se investigó cómo los empleadores están realizando la tarea de integrar el talento humano a las empresas, a fin de cubrir las plazas con el personal idóneo; insertándolos a la planta productiva, mercadológica, financiera, informática o en cualquier área, donde sea requerida y así mantener ocupadas dichas plazas.Se describen las vías de reclutamiento que actualmente se aplican en las instituciones, además de los elementos esenciales aplicados en la selección desde el análisis del curriculum vitae, entrevistas, pruebas e investigaciones realizadas a los profesionales se están insertando al mercado laboral, donde aplicarán los conocimientos y habilidades adquiridas a lo largo de la carrera universitaria; y con ello generarán ingresos económicos. También se presenta la aceptación de pasantes dentro de las empresas, las carreras universitarias y las vías de acceso que se utilizan por los encargados de la elección de personal.
Conducta de los compradores de artesanías en la ciudad de Ilobasco
Authors: Contreras de Mercado Celia Luz , Martínez Lozano Jos´é Reynaldo
Published: September 2019

La investigación se realizó mediante el instrumento del cuestionario, el cual fue completado por los compradores de las diferentes tiendas de artesanías ubicadas en las principales calles de la ciudad de Ilobasco, departamento de Cabañas; durante diferentes periodos de tiempo: días de vacaciones nacionales, fines de semanas y días de semana. Además, se realizó una entrevista a propietarios de tiendas y a artesanos que elaboran los diferentes tipos de artesanías.En términos generales se encontró que, en su mayoría, casi todos los compradores que concurren en la ciudad de Ilobasco lo hacen con la finalidad de buscar un objeto para decoración, específicamente para uso propio, para el hogar, el negocio o para reventa. Esto deriva que la conducta del consumidor varíe mucho e, inclusive, esté dispuesto a pagar por los objetos la cantidad necesaria, según la finalidad para la cual los adquiera.
Alternativas para la gestión de residuos sólidos en la Universidad Católica de El Salvador
Authors: Díaz del Aguíla Claudia Roxana , Rodríguez Guirola Jonathan Hernán
Published: September 2019

El presente artículo constituye un aporte importante al desarrollo social, humano y ambiental de la Universidad Católica de El Salvador, pues contribuye a mejorar una problemática ambiental que requiere atención urgente: el manejo inadecuado de los residuos sólidos universitarios. Para ello se llevó a cabo un estudio de percepción, mediante la aplicación de una encuesta dirigida a estudiantes y trabajadores de la institución. Asimismo, se caracterizaron los residuos sólidos de la misma, estableciéndose la generación per cápita, el total diario, las áreas generadoras, la producción y la composición de los mismos. La producción per cápita de residuos sólidos en la Universidad es de 60 gramos por día; mientras que la producción total de residuos que se obtuvo en una semana fue de 1750.56kg, con una producción media diaria de 291.76kg/día. Mediante un muestreo se pudo determinar que el 46.15% del residuo total producido en la institución es susceptible al proceso de composteo (residuos de jardinería y residuos alimenticios), debido a que el 47.1% es material reciclable y únicamente el 6.75% es residuo que se destinaría al relleno sanitario. Todos estos datos sirvieron de base para proponer alternativas desde el punto de vista técnico y ambiental.
Determinants of the Solvency of Insurance Companies in Palestine
Authors: Abdel Jawad Yousef Abdel Latif , Ayyash Issam
Published: September 2019

The study aimed to investigate the factors that affect the solvency of the insurance companies in Palestine and to highlight the nature and strength of the relationship between liquidity, investment, leverage, claims and the solvency of the insurance companies in Palestine.To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive and quantitative analysis methods were used in the study. Based on the data of the financial statements of seven insurance companies (out of 9 companies) and by using regression of fixed effects of panel data for 2010-2017, the study found that the claims have a positive effect on the financial solvency and leverage has a negative effect on the solvency of insurance companies in Palestine, while investment and liquidity have an insignificant effect on financial solvency.
Development and validation of a diagrammatic scale for quantifying maize leaf spots caused by Diplodia macrospora
Authors: Lorenzetti Eloisa , Tartaro Juliano , Alves Neto Alfredo José , Heling Anderson Luis , Carvalho Jeferson Carlos , Stangarlin José Renato , Kuhn Odair José , Portz Roberto Luis
Published: September 2019

The objective of this study was to develop and validate a diagrammatic scale to evaluate the severity of spots on maize leaves caused by the fungus Diplodia macrospora. Severity ranged between the minimal (0.5%) and maximal (55%) limits of disease severity, and intermediate severity levels were defined according to the "Weber-Fechner stimulus response law". The proposed scale describes six levels of severity based on how much of the leaf is affected: 0.5%, 3%, 8%, 23%, 36%, and 55%. Validation was carried out by eight evaluators, four inexperienced and four experienced. They estimated the severity of disease in 60 maize leaves, with and without the proposed diagrammatic scale. A relationship was shown by regression analysis between estimated and actual severity, with and without the use of the scale. When both inexperienced and experienced evaluators used the scale, they were able to estimate disease severity more accurately and precisely.
Energy values and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in some feedstuffs for broilers
Authors: Dalólio Felipe Santos , Silva Diego Ladeira , Albino Luiz Fernando Teixeira , Nunes Ricardo Vianna , Ribeiro Junior Valdir , Rostagno Horácio Santiago , Ferreira Júnior Helvio da Cruz , Pinheiro Sandra Regina Freitas
Published: September 2019

The objective of this study was to determine the energy values, standardized ileal digestibility coefficients and digestible amino acid contents of parboiled brown rice bran (PBRB), protein sorghum meal (PSM) and bread waste meal (BWM) in broiler diets. In the first trial, 144 broiler chicks at 14 days of age were evaluated in a completely randomized design involving three feedstuffs + a control diet, with six replicates and six birds per experimental unit. The total excreta collection method was adopted to determine the energy values of the feedstuffs. In the second trial, 144 broilers at 24 days of age were used in a completely randomized design involving three feedstuffs + a protein-free diet, with six replicates and six birds per experimental unit. Ileal digesta was harvested to determine the standardized ileal digestibility coefficients and digestible amino acid contents of the feedstuffs. The nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) values of PBRB, PSM and BWM were 2638, 2799 and 3399 kcal.kg-1, respectively. The metabolizability coefficients of AMEn (CAMEn) of PBRB, PSM and BWM were 54.13, 57.35 and 86.66%, respectively. Bread waste meal had the highest CAMEn (p < 0.05) and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids (p < 0.01), followed by PBRB and PSM. The main limiting digestible amino acids in PBRB, PSM and BWM were found at the following respective levels: methionine - 0.19, 0.33 and 0.24%; lysine - 0.40, 0.46 and 0.40%; threonine - 0.25, 0.50 and 0.45%; and valine - 0.44, 0.73 and 0.48%.
Performance of feedlot cattle with inclusion of live yeast in the diet
Authors: Stadler Junior Edelmir Silvio , Santos Leslei Caroline , Bertagnon Heloísa Godoi , Virmond Maurício Paulo , Souza André Martins de , Mizubuti Ivone Yurika , Pontarolo Giovanna Bobato , Petkowicz Karina , Neumann Mikael
Published: September 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance, ingestive behavior, apparent digestibility of the diet, rectal temperature, superficial thermography of skin and hull, and the carcass traits of heifers finished in confinement under the effect of inclusion of live yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae as probiotic) in the diet. The treatments were: Control: diet without the inclusion of live yeasts, and Yeast: diet with the inclusion of live yeasts (7 g animal day-1, at the concentration of 107 CFU g-1. The diets were composed of corn silage at a constant forage: concentrate ratio of 50: 50, on a dry matter basis. The experimental design was completely randomized, composed of two treatments and nine replicates, wherein each replicate was represented by a stall with two animals. Thirty-six heifers, ½ blood Angus, from the same herd, with an average age of 11.9 months and an initial average body weight of 317 kg, were used in the experiment. Supplementation of live yeasts in the diet for finishing heifers proved to be efficient in the feedlot finishing phase because it provided improvement in the apparent digestibility of DM. In relation to the productive performance, ingestive behavior, rectal temperature, superficial thermography of skin and hull and carcass traits, no statistical difference was found between the treatments. The animals have already come from the property adapted to the feedlot system, defining small challenge against the presence of live yeasts included in the experimental diet, justifying the lack of expression on some results obtained.
Memórias de Nelson Rodrigues: Elementos Conectores entre Jornalismo e Dramaturgia
Authors: Quaresma Soares da Silva José Francisco , Pugas Panichi Edina Regina
Published: September 2019

Em 1967, Nelson Rodrigues estreia a coluna Memórias no jornal Correio da Manhã. O escritor reconhecia o espaço do jornal como laboratório para a construção de vários de seus textos dramáticos. O objetivo deste trabalho é destacar e analisar suas vivências como elementos formadores da personalidade autoral do jornalista, material que reverbera na constituição dos textos narrativos e se ajusta na construção de sua obra dramática.
O punctum e a fotografia de arte. Nas sendas do último Barthes
Authors: Motta Leda Tenorio
Published: September 2019

O artigo trata da entrada da fotografia de arte no horizonte da obra tardia de Roland Barthes, onde é vista acedendo à dignidade do estilo. Nesse sentido, chama a atenção para um pequeno conjunto de ensaios sobre certa vanguarda da arte fotográfica francesa por ora pouco considerado pelos estudiosos. Trata-se de assinalar que esta produção barthesiana da fase final enseja revisar o conjunto probatório que dá sustentação ao conceito de “punctum”, entendido como aceno mínimo de significância de uma foto quando para um espectador contundente. É inseparável disso conjecturar que, ao referi-la ao estilo, o último Barthes confere à fotografia o mesmo valor de “escritura” que concede à arte da palavra, quando não assertiva.
Um corpo em estado de sombra: a construção do híbrido nas fotografias de Tiago Santana
Authors: Lemos Tércia Montenegro
Published: September 2019

A análise de imagens do fotógrafo cearense Tiago Santana demonstra como sua estética elabora uma composição híbrida dos corpos humano e animal. Suas figuras em simbiose ressaltam a interdependência dos seres no espaço sertanejo, através de diversas escolhas técnicas. Neste artigo, estudamos como a sombra é utilizada enquanto elemento ficcional e transformador da alteridade em identidade, instaurando, na obra de Santana, um paradoxo visual caracterizador da fotografia artística contemporânea.
The Introduction of Management Control in the Legislative Assembly of the Emilia-Romagna Region
Authors: Paola Amata Pietra , Draghetti Leonardo , Galiotto Sabrina , Orelli Rebecca L. , Tieghi Marco
Published: September 2019

The paper sheds light on management control strategies in public administrations, particularly in the case of Legislative Assembly of the Emilia-Romagna Region (AL-RER), to understand reasons, process and effects in the introduction of a management control system. The research makes use of documentary analysis and participatory observation during the years 2015-2019 to reconstruct the motivations, process and results of the introduction of a new management control system. The analysis shows that the introduction of a management control system required different strategies of change and a reorganisation of activities and processes of AL-RER. It also offered an occasion of legitimisation of the AL-RER governance based on the management control results. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the process of introducing a management control system faced obstacles that acted as inhibitors to its introduction. It was possible to overcome the obstacles thanks to an intermediate step, which required a revision of the AL-RER strategies, and a cultural, political, and organisational change. The paper contributes to the advancement of knowledge on the subject of strategies and processes followed by public sector organisations, in particular by regions, in the introduction of management control systems, offering a first contribution concerning obstacles and benefits deriving from the introduction of such systems. The research is also of interest for public sector management, politicians and technicians, as well as for management control specialists, that have to make decisions about the introduction of management control systems.
Phonoholism as a Personal Safety Threat
Authors: Zbroszczyk Dorota , Grubicka Joanna
Published: September 2019

Using modern devices and global access to information have become one of the most important areas of people’s lives, especially in case of young people who have been dealing with technology and new media since they were very young. It is hard to imagine life without new information communication technologies. Communicating, making friends, gaining information, entertainment, pursuing hobbies and interests – it all happens through these technologies. Is virtual reality becoming the space of creativity of the young or their escape from real tasks that they should face in everyday life? The paper presents research on the compulsive usage of mobile phones and gives a detailed characteristics of the phenomenon of phonoholism in Masovian voivodship. The underlying research objective is the analysis of the negative effects of the excessive immersion of the users in the Internet and the ubiquitous presence thereof in people’s lives, with a particular emphasis being put on the impact the Internet has on young people. Among others, the research results have displayed low perception of the harmfulness of addiction to a mobile phone among the investigated youth.
Intellectual Property for Life Science Entrepreneurs
Authors: Miller Raymond
Published: September 2019

This article provides an overview of the various forms of intellectual property that are available for life science entrepreneurs. These include patent, trademarks, trade secrets, and copyrights. Intellectual property strategies are suggested including portfolio development. We also cover patent terms, ownership, and exclusivity provisions. Additionally, we consider the synergies between patent strategy with regulatory strategy to enhance competitive positioning.
Belemnite geochemistry from Albstadt-Pfeffingen (Middle Jurassic, Baden-Württemberg, Germany)
Authors: Wilkin Jack T R , Hesselbo Stephen P , Ullmann Clemens V , Korte Christoph
Published: September 2019

Belemnite calcite is an important source of stable isotope (18O, 13C) and element (Fe, Mg, Mn, S, Sr) proxies with potential for high-resolution quantitative reconstructions of palaeoenvironments and seasonality since Urey et al (1951). Belemnites are also a very important archive for environmental reconstructions of the early Toarcian; it is important, however, to study their calcite over intervals of comparative environmental stability to assess the meaning of proxy data extracted from their calcite. Here, we report on recent developments on geochemical proxies derived from belemnite rostra from Albstadt-Pfeffingen, a potential GSSP for the base of the Callovian, in Baden-Württemberg.
The nature of the animacy organization in human ventral temporal cortex
Authors: Thorat Sushrut , Proklova Daria , Peelen Marius V
Published: September 2019

The principles underlying the animacy organization of the ventral temporal cortex (VTC) remain hotly debated, with recent evidence pointing to an animacy continuum rather than a dichotomy. What drives this continuum? According to the visual categorization hypothesis, the continuum reflects the degree to which animals contain animal-diagnostic features. By contrast, the agency hypothesis posits that the continuum reflects the degree to which animals are perceived as (social) agents. Here, we tested both hypotheses with a stimulus set in which visual categorizability and agency were dissociated based on representations in convolutional neural networks and behavioral experiments. Using fMRI, we found that visual categorizability and agency explained independent components of the animacy continuum in VTC. Modeled together, they fully explained the animacy continuum. Finally, clusters explained by visual categorizability were localized posterior to clusters explained by agency. These results show that multiple organizing principles, including agency, underlie the animacy continuum in VTC.
Angiostrongylus (Parastrongylus) cantonensis en huéspedes intermediarios y definitivos en Ecuador, 2014-2017
Authors: Solórzano-Alava Luis , Sánchez-Amador Francisco , Valverde Talia
Published: September 2019

Introducción. Angiostrongylus cantonensis es un serio problema de salud pública y está ampliamente distribuido en el país. Cuando el parásito infecta a los caracoles terrestres Achatina, se enquista en su interior y puede infectar accidentalmente a las personas y otros mamíferos.Objetivo. Establecer la distribución geográfica de A. cantonensis en huéspedes intermediarios (Achatina fulica) y definitivos (Rattus spp.) en Ecuador entre el 2014 y el 2017.Materiales y métodos. Se recolectaron 2.908 ejemplares de A. fulica en 16 provincias utilizando el método de captura por unidad de esfuerzo durante 30 minutos. Se capturaron 211 ejemplares de las especies huéspedes, de los cuales 20 eran Rattus rattus y 191 R. norvegicus. Los ejemplares fueron transportados para su análisis al Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública e Investigación en Guayaquil.En los tejidos del caracol se identificaron y se contabilizaron larvas L3 que luego se inocularon en ratas de laboratorio para reproducir el ciclo de vida. En los roedores se disecaron los cerebros, los corazones, las arterias pulmonares y los pulmones, y se identificaron los parásitos por morfología taxonómica.Resultados. De los caracoles recolectados se encontraron 441 positivos para A. cantonensis (15,2 %) y un total de 6.166 larvas L3. En los ejemplares Rattus spp. capturados (211), 77 (36,5 %) estaban infectados con A. cantonensis, con un total de 220 parásitos (larvas L4-L5 y adultos).Conclusiones. Se constató la presencia de A. cantonensis en varias provincias, lo que confirma el carácter endémico de esta zoonosis en el territorio nacional. La presencia de Rattus spp., huésped definitivo del parásito, y de huéspedes intermediarios, indica el potencial zoonótico de esta infección parasitaria.
Miocarditis fulminante en adultos por el virus de la influenza B: reporte de dos casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Silva Edwin , Montenegro Juan Sebastián , Estupiñán María Camila , Arias Gerson , Osorio Juan Pablo , Poveda Claudia Marcela , Buitrago Ricardo
Published: September 2019

La miocarditis es una enfermedad inflamatoria del miocardio. Las infecciones virales son la causa más común, aunque también puede deberse a reacciones de hipersensibilidad y de etiología autoinmunitaria, entre otras.El espectro clínico de la enfermedad es variado y comprende desde un curso asintomático, seguido de dolor torácico, arritmias y falla cardiaca aguda, hasta un cuadro fulminante.El término ‘fulminante’ se refiere al desarrollo de un shock cardiogénico con necesidad de soporte vasopresor e inotrópico o dispositivos de asistencia circulatoria, ya sea oxigenación por membrana extracorpórea o balón de contrapulsación intraaórtico.Cerca del 10 % de los casos de falla cardiaca por miocarditis corresponde a miocarditis fulminante. La miocarditis por influenza se considera una condición infrecuente; no obstante, su incidencia ha aumentado desde el 2009 a raíz de la pandemia de influenza por el virus AH1N1.Por su parte, la miocarditis por influenza de tipo B sigue siendo una condición infrecuente.Se describen aquí dos casos confirmados de miocarditis fulminante por el virus de la influenza B atendidos en un centro cardiovascular, que requirieron dispositivos de asistencia circulatoria mecánica.
Trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales después de un episodio de dengue no grave sin signos de alarma
Authors: Velasco-Benítez Carlos Alberto , Ortiz-Rivera Claudia Jimena
Published: September 2019

Introducción. La patogenia de los trastornos funcionales gastrointestinales involucra agentes infecciosos como los virus.Objetivo. Investigar el desarrollo de trastornos funcionales gastrointestinales en niños, a los 3, 6, 9 y 12 meses después de un episodio de dengue no grave sin signos de alarma.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio de cohorte de 73 niños con diagnóstico de dengue no grave sin signos de alarma atendidos en el Hospital Universitario del Valle “Evaristo García” y de 62 niños sanos de Cali, Colombia. Mediante el ‘Cuestionario para síntomas gastrointestinales pediátricos Roma III’ (Questionnaire for Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rome III, QPGS-III), se determinaron los trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales a los 3, 6, 9 y 12 meses de seguimiento después de un episodio de dengue no grave sin signos de alarma. Se calcularon las medidas de tendencia central, riesgo relativo y prueba de ji al cuadrado, y se usó la prueba exacta de Fisher con un nivel de significación (p) menor de 0,05.Resultados. Se incluyeron 135 niños de 10,7±1,9 años; 51,1 % de ellos correspondía al sexo masculino y 19,3 % presentaba algún trastorno funcional gastrointestinal (9,6 % con dolor abdominal relacionado). El riesgo de presentar algún trastorno funcional gastrointestinal con dolor abdominal relacionado a los 3, 6, 9 y 12 meses de seguimiento en niños con dengue no grave sin signos de alarma fue mayor que sin dicho antecedente, pero sin diferencias significativas.Conclusión. Los resultados del estudio sugieren que el dengue no grave sin signos de alarma no incrementó el riesgo de trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales y dolor abdominal relacionado a lo largo de 12 meses de seguimiento.
Seroprevalencia y detección molecular de Toxoplasma gondii en donantes de un banco de sangre de Cúcuta, Colombia
Authors: Ramírez Angélica María , Ríos Yesmit Karina , Galvis Néstor Fabián , Entrena Elsie , Mariño Nidia Victoria , Rangel Diana Marcela , Araque María Alejandra , Cabarique Darlis Mayerlis , Murillo Mateo , Gómez-Marín Jorge Enrique
Published: September 2019

Introducción. La infección por Toxoplasma gondii puede presentarse en los humanos con un amplio rango de manifestaciones que van desde el estado asintomático hasta la enfermedad grave, según el estado inmunológico del individuo. Los mecanismos de transmisión incluyen la transfusión sanguínea, pero poco se sabe sobre la frecuencia del parásito en los bancos de sangre de Colombia.Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de la infección con T. gondii en donantes de un banco de sangre de Cúcuta mediante técnicas de diagnóstico serológico y molecular.Materiales y métodos. Se determinaron los anticuerpos IgG e IgM contra T. gondii mediante un inmunoensayo en suero en 348 donantes. Se determinó la frecuencia de ADN de T. gondii utilizando la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) en sangre total de donantes seropositivos y se analizaron las variables de interés con base en la información obtenida durante la selección de donantes.Resultados. De los 348 donantes participantes, 134 (38,5 %) presentaron anticuerpos IgG contra T. gondii; dos (0,6 %) de ellos presentaron tanto IgG como IgM y, en dos (1,5 %), se detectó ADN del parásito en la sangre. Un análisis bivariado evidenció una asociación entre la seropositividad para T. gondii y tener más de 26 años de edad (p=0,020).Conclusiones. La prevalencia de la infección con T. gondii encontrada en los donantes de sangre sugiere una exposición significativa al agente, la cual adquiere relevancia al detectarse la parasitemia.
Oil Spill Response Equipment Typing: An International Approach
Authors: Knutson Scott , Hielscher Al , Smiley Dan , Cornell Craig , Bronson Chris , Larson Sonja
Published: September 2019

Oil spill response equipment typing provides responders with necessary information to support selecting the best resource for the job. Simply stated, “kind and type” are the description and capability of an identified asset based on its capabilities, size, and use. “Kind and type” help guide Operations and Logistics personnel to a specific asset.

Though the front-end argument for resource typing as an effective means of communicating capability for resource ordering has been a major focus, using “kind and type” also pays dividends on the back-end of the resource acquiring process when assets are summarized and tabulated to complete the Resource Summary or the ICS Form 209. Incident Commanders who do not insist on a strict “kind and type” routine may see misleading entries on their 209s. For example, mechanical recovery skimmers can be referred to as portable skimmers, OSRVs, skimming vessels, ocean skimmers and so on. Ultimately, on the ICS 209, the total number of all skimmers must be able to be categorized and counted so that the Effective Daily Recovery Capacity can be summarized.

Correctly framing “kind and type” in the world of oil spill response equipment and personnel has been an elusive target. Several initiatives have paved the path to where we are today. Most recently, The International Maritime Organization's (IMO) release of Guidance for International Offers of Assistance in Response to Marine Oil Pollution Incidents, Appendix 12 Equipment Lexicon Glossary provides an internationally recognized equipment and personnel capability reference. Members of the response community in the Pacific Northwest have further refined the IMO Equipment Lexicon into regionally specific guidance, which is used to classify over 5,000 pieces of oil spill response equipment listed on the Western Response Resource List (WRRL). The WRRL is a web accessible response equipment database.

The authors will describe the process of incorporating the IMO's Equipment Lexicon into the WRRL structure to create an enhanced list of “resources” and corresponding “kind and type” designations suitable for the equipment listed by resource owners. Additionally, the presenters will discuss how the enhanced WRRL can be used to; Locate and order response equipment during a drill or spill, Provide an overall picture of the region's response resources, Support the development and review of oil spill contingency plans, Assist in cost accounting, Track organization resources.

For additional Information: www.wrrl.us/
Techniques of Mining and Land Grabbing: Destruction of Agricultural Activities in Kerta Buana Village, East Kalimantan - Indonesia
Authors: Tondo Fanny Henry , Siburian Robert
Published: September 2019

Land grabbing is a big problem in developing countries because a land-large acquisition as an act of land grabbing that made small-farmers had lost their access to the land. The small-farmers as the dwellers in Kerta Buana village who were invaded by the government through transmigration project in 1980 had got negative impacts of the land grabbing. On the one side, some farmers had lost their farm land because it was bought by coal mining companies. They did not have an ability to reject company’s persuasions to take off their lands with some money. On the other side, some other farmers had left their farm lands because they could not cultivate them properly due to the environmental ecosystem surrounding them had already damaged. The presence of two coal mining companies is the main factor in making the farm cultivation unconducive. Through this paper, we would like to explain how the land grabbing by coal mining companies work, and how the method change of coal mining have accelerated the destroy of agriculture activity in Kerta Buana village.
Allometric Models for Estimating Site Index of Teak (Tectona grandis Linn F.) in Kanya Forest Plantation, Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors: Dantani A. , Shamaki S. B. , Gupa M. A. , Sa’idu M. , Mukhtar R. B. , Umar M. , Abubakar B. , Abubakar A.
Published: September 2019

This study aims to develop site index for Teak (Tectona grandis) in Kanya Forest Plantation, Nigeria. Site index is defined as the total height of the dominant or co-dominant trees at an arbitrary index age, it is a method used for quantifying site quality for pure even-aged stands which is essential in growth and yield modelling. The data used in this study were obtained from six different age classes. Five sample plots each were selected across all age classes in which a total of 712 trees were measured, variables measured include total height, diameter at the base, middle, top, and diameter at the breast height were taken from 30 temporary sampled plots of 25x25m approximately from the centre, 180 dominant trees were selected from 712 trees. Basal area and volume of sampled trees were computed. Yield values obtained from the dominant trees are (B = 249.312 m3/ha, D = 196.128 m3/ha, F = 134.976 m3/ha, C = 119.328 m3/ha, E = 100.320 m3/ ha and A = 86.976 m3/ha). The results showed that B was the best and A was the poorest. Seventeen models were generated and paired sampled t-test was used for model validation, comparing the actual and predicted height. Two out of 17 were rejected (significant P<0.05). The first model Hd=12075.346-354.809(Age)+3.448(Age)2-135193.126(1/Age) is the recommended height estimation of Teak in Kanya Forest plantation for its best performance.