bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Robust Infrared Image Sequence (IR-Video) Target Tracking Model
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India., Chamoli* Vivek
Published: February 2020

As regards protection, monitoring a certain objective has become a primary goal and thus has helped to incorporate the video technology into the industry. However, owing to its zigzag trajectory or shifts of position, it is often difficult to trace the imprevisible existence of the goal. This article therefore proposed the use of infrared cameras as sensors to monitor the object. The infrared camera is effective when the object changes its direction, like its contemporaries. Therefore, a pattern mapping technique was used for infrarouge goal monitoring. Ultimately, there was a distinction among the traditional Mean Absolute Difference (MAD) algorithm and the evolved V-SQ -track model used here. The findings show that the method of V-SQ -track model performs stronger than the MAD algorithm. Even if the modern algorithm is unable to do so, the artifacts can be monitored
Understanding Clinical Data using Exploratory Analysis
Authors:   Ph.D, College of Engineering (A), Department Computer Science, Andhra University., Mrudula* Owk , Sowjanya A.Mary ,   Assistant Professor in College of Engineering (A), Andhra University.
Published: February 2020

In today's world the data plays an indispensable role. The proper understanding of data and its interpretation lays the foundation for the growth and also the success of company or an organization. As in domains such as business, finance and banking, health sector also produces huge amounts of data. This data needs to be properly analyzed and summarized before the data is modeled for a specific purpose. Generally, clinical data involves stakeholders like doctors, technicians, lab analysts, hospital managers, care providers and insurance agents. Exploratory Data Analysis plays an important role in providing the complete picture of the dataset along with identifying new insights and hidden patterns in the data. As such it becomes the most significant step before actually preprocessing the data. In our paper we have implemented EDA on Statlog heart disease dataset to identify the important variables, correlations between any variables, missing values, outliers and PCA. To verify, whether the process of EDA actually impacts the performance we have utilized machine learning algorithms like Naïve Bayes, Logistic regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Random forest. Results indicate that the performance of the prediction model considerably increases after performing EDA regardless of the type of prediction algorithm used. Also the analysis of the dataset with graphical results helps the stakeholders to make better decisions regarding their patients and their treatments. Understanding any clinical data before modeling would prevent erroneous models later and exploratory analysis helps in achieving it.
Corpora Based Classification to Perform Sentiment Analysis in Kannada Language
Authors:   Department of CSE, BMS Institute of Technology and Management, VTU, Bengaluru, India., R* Shankar , Swamy Suma ,   Department of CSE, Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, VTU, Bengaluru, India.
Published: February 2020

In this modern era, the users’ opinions play an uncanny role in understanding how well a product has satisfied the customer requirements, so that the producer can change the product to suit the customers’ demands and these reviews also help the new consumers to decide on whether to purchase the product or not. Analysis of a particular entity's feelings in terms of positive, negative or neutral polarization is known as ‘Sentiment Analysis’. SentimentAnalysis is a sub-domain of opinion mining.Here the analysis is focused on the mining of emotions and opinions of the people towards a specific topic. The emotions and opinions are collected in the form of organized, semi-organized or amorphous data. As the world is slowly progressing towards regional languages, this article talks about extracting the opinions of a product in Kannada and performing analysis about these reviews and classifying them accordingly. The dataset or the corpus is scarce as it is not English. The limited corpus is being collected via website – https://gadgetloka.com through an API. However, extracting inclusive opinion manually from huge amorphous data would be a tedious task. An automated system called 'Sentiment Analysis or Opinion Mining' can solve this problem, which can analyze and extract the observation of the user throughout the reviews. In this classifier of review analysis, the process classifies the review via corpus, which is a huge collection of pre-defined data. The API that has been used is Python-Beautiful Soup via utf-8 text recognition method to parse Kannada characters. The reviews are converted to text sentence and each word of the sentence are broken down. Data mining task is done to find the sentiment of each word by comparing it with two stored files named as good.txt and bad.txt. Further, the analyzed result is given through text output as Positive, Negative or Neutral sentiments based on their weights.
On 2-Uniform Ideals and Direct Summands in N-Groups
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar-522510, India, Bhavanari* Satyanarayana , Paruchuri Venugopala Rao ,   Department of Mathematics, Andhra Loyola College (Autonomous), Vijayawada-520008, India, Kuncham Syam Prasad ,   Department of Mathematics, Manipal Institute of Technology, MAHE Manipal-576104, India, Bhavanari Mallikarjuna ,   Institute of Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University Jhongli, Taoyuan, TAIWAN
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we consider N-groups where N is a zero-symmetric right nearring. We define the notion 2-uniform ideal in N-groups and prove some important fundamental results. Further, we obtain some results interconnecting with i- uniform (i = 0, 1) ideals. Finally, we prove that in a special class of nearrings an ideal is 2-uniform if and only if it is 1-uniform.
Site Selection of Solar PV Power Plant at Bathinda
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of EIE Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala (India)., Nijhawan* Dr. Parag , Singla Manish Kumar ,   Ph.D. Scholar, Department of EIE Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala (India)., Gupta Jyoti ,   Ph.D. Scholar, Department of EIE Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala (India).
Published: February 2020

In this paper, the technical and economical feasibility study of the photovoltaic (PV) power plant at Bathinda city in the Punjab state of INDIA has been carried out. For this, solar irradiance of this location has been used to assess the annual solar energy potential of the selected site PV plant. The complete work has been carried out using PVsyst simulation software. This study has been carried out to feed the electrical energy generation deficit and the increasing future electrical energy demand of Punjab State. At present, Punjab State Power Corporation Limited (PSPCL) is paying ₹ 9.04 per kWh to the private players and the other states to procure electrical energy to meet the consumer load demand. In this work, it has been found that the actual cost to the company generating electrical power using PV is around ₹ 3 per kWh after including the capital cost, loan interests, depreciation, running charges and maintenance costs. So, the proposed PV generation setup definitely will prove to be beneficial for profit-making proposition for the company supplying electrical energy to PSPCL. Besides, reduction in carbon and GHG emissions with this proposed generation has also been evaluated, which will save the environment from global warming. This is due to the fact that most of the electrical power generation in the Punjab state of India is through thermal power.
Recognition of Nastaliq Urdu Text using Multi-SVM
Authors:   Computer science and engineering,Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India, Kour* Herleen , Yasin Mehvish ,   Computer science and engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India., Gondhi Dr. Naveen ,   Computer science and engineering,Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra
Published: February 2020

Optical Character Recognition has emerged as an attractive research field nowadays. Lot of work has been done in Urdu script based on various approaches and diverse methodologies have been put forward based on Nastaliq font style. Urdu is written diagonally from top to bottom, the style known as Nastaliq. This feature of Nastaliq makes Urdu highly cursive and more sensitive leading to a difficult recognition problem. Due to the peculiarities of Nastaliq Style of writing, we have chosen ligature as a basic unit of recognition in order to reduce the complexity of system. The accuracy rate of recognizing ligature in Urdu text corresponds to the efficiency with which the ligatures are segmented. In addition to extracting connected components, the ligature segmentation takes into consideration various factors like baseline information, height, width, and centroid. In this paper ligature Recognition is performed by using multi-SVM (Sup-port Vector Machine) approach which gives an accuracy of 97% when 903 text images are fed to it.
Machine Learning for Predictions in Academics
Authors:   School of Computing Skills, Bhartiya Skill Development University, Jaipur, India., Sharma* Shashi , Pandey Sunil Kumar ,   School of Computing Skills Bhartiya Skill Development University, Jaipur, India., Garg Prof.(Dr.) Kumkum ,   Dean Academics Bhartiya Skill Development University, Jaipur, India
Published: February 2020

In recent years, a lot of data has been generated about students, which can be utilized for deciding the career path of the student. This paper discusses some of the machine learning techniques which can be used to predict the performance of a student and help to decide his/her career path. Some of the key Machine Learning (ML) algorithms applied in our research work are Linear Regression, Logistics Regression, Support Vector machine, Naïve Bayes Classifier and K- means Clustering. The aim of this paper is to predict the student career path using Machine Learning algorithms. We compare the efficiencies of different ML classification algorithms on a real dataset obtained from University students.
Analytical and Finite Element Post Buckling Analysis of Isotropic Steel Plate Subjected to the in-Plane Loading
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Belagavi, Karnataka, India., Sunagar* Prashanth , Rao Dr. Kumar R. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Jyothy Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Belagavi, Karnataka, India., K. S. Sreekeshava ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Jyothy Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Belagavi, Karnataka, India., Dharek Manish S. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, BMS Institute of Technology& Management, Bengaluru, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Belagavi, Karnataka, India., B. Nagashree ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Belagavi, Karnataka, India.
Published: February 2020

Disturbance to stability of a member occurs with presence of any external force of different nature than that of the pre-applied load in action or through presence of any eccentric loading. These disturbances includes effects such as buckling in columns and plates which happens when action due to applied load is lesser than the moment due to disturbing agent. This paper investigates the buckling strength of steel plates subjected to loads widthwise, with varying support conditions lengthwise and an effort to trace the load deformation characteristics during post buckling stages, where the transverse strips of plates try to resist the buckling phenomena of longitudinal strips using finite element modeling tool. Hence, resulting in failure of a member at a load greater than that observed during initial buckling stages.
Experimental Test of Locally Fabricated Public Water Cooler
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia, Jejaw* Mr. Atrsaw , Getnet Mr. Aschale ,   Lecturer, School of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Bahirdar University, Ethiopia., Bekele Dr. Addisu ,   Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia., Venkatachalam Dr. Chandraprabu ,   Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia.
Published: February 2020

The main challenge in the rift valley and low land regions of Ethiopia, the society directly utilize ground hot water for both drinking and shower due to this cause the society is forced to buy cooled bottled mineral water daily. The use of locally fabricated public water coolers seems to be a solution to this problem. The objective of this study is the performance evaluation of locally fabricated public water cooler using a vapor compression refrigeration system. The four basic components of the water cooler, namely, the condenser, evaporator, compressor and the capillary tube are designed and selected separately. The amount of water to be cooled(0.083m^3), ambient air temperature(28℃), water temperature (44℃), the time required to cool water and the evaporator heat load(cooling load of water is 12847.87 KJ) are the predetermined parameters. The raw materials used to fabricate public water cooler are aluminum sheet, compressor, evaporator coil, condenser coil, capillary tube, filter-dryer, refrigerant fluid, water tap, insulator and thermostat. A comparison of experimental and theoretical results has been done and the COP of the cooling system from the theoretical analysis is 3.89 and correspondingly that of an experimental result is 3.17. This shows some variation is observed because of the ideal assumption of the vapor compression refrigeration processes. Also, a Comparison of the present study with literature has been done.
Enhancement of Speech Intelligibility using Binary Mask Based on channel selection criteria
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India., Nuthakki* Ramesh , Murthy A Dr. Sreenivasa ,   Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India., D C Naik ,   Research Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India.
Published: February 2020

Most of the existing noise reduction algorithms used in hearing aid applications apply a gain function in order to reduce the noise intervention. In the present paper, we study the effect of the two types of speech distortions introduced by the gain functions. If these distortions are properly controlled large gains in intelligibility can be obtained. The sentences were corrupted by various kinds of noises i.e. babble noise, car noise, helicopter noise and random noise and processed through a noise-reduction algorithm. Subjective tests were conducted with normal hearing listeners by presenting the processed speech with controlled distortions. The method proposed by Kim et al uses the wiener filter. Here in this paper, we have used the parametric wiener filter. The experimental results clearly indicated improvement in intelligibility at 0dB, -5dB, +5dB and 10dB input signal-to-noise (SNR) values in short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) and Segmental signal-to-noise ratio (SSNR) objective measures.
La prensa castellanomanchega en el siglo xxi: desafíos ante la transición digital
Authors: Galletero Campos Belén
Published: February 2020

La prensa provincial afronta en las últimas décadas una crisis económica, por la caída drástica de venta de ejemplares, pero también de identidad, ante el reto de defender el periodismo proximidad en un contexto cada vez más globalizado. El caso de Castilla-La Mancha es paradigmático ya que es la comunidad autónoma española donde los periódicos impresos diarios ya han empezado a desaparecer, siendo sustituidos por los medios nativos digitales. La oferta de estos nuevos diarios, muchos de ellos impulsados directamente por periodistas, es amplia, pero no se salva de las debilidades estructurales que aquejaron al papel, como el limitado mercado publicitario, fruto de una comunidad con modesto tejido industrial, o la dependencia de los ingresos que proceden de las instituciones. El tiempo determinará hasta qué punto pueden sobrevivir con el actual modelo de negocio.
Museos en Castilla-La Mancha: algunas reflexiones en el nuevo siglo
Authors: Sanz Gamo Rubí
Published: February 2020

En Castilla-La Mancha ha sido contabilizado un alto número de lugares a los que se ha denominado «museo», pero pocos de esos cumplen con los mínimos que establecen leyes y recomendaciones internacionales. Se ofrece un recorrido lineal por los problemas que hoy tienen todos ellos desde su creación, infraestructuras, personal y recursos.
O CANTO DE PALMYRA: UMA ROSEIRA EM SALA DE AULA
Authors: De Almeida Rego Maria Aparecida , Dos Santos Derivaldo
Published: February 2020

Estudos sobre práticas de letramento avançam cada vez mais desde as últimas décadas.Segundo Paulino e Cosson (2009), o letramento é “um conjunto de práticas sociais” na construçãode sentidos do mundo. Essa dimensão social na literatura já era tratada por Candido (2000), quandopropõe que a literatura seja vista como prática social desenvolvida em torno de sujeitos leitores,autores ou livros. Assim, o letramento literário comporta a apropriação da literatura enquanto construçãode sentidos contínuos renovados a cada atividade de leitura. Como uma das propostas doletramento literário é aproximar o leitor da produção, manutenção e transformação da literatura emsua comunidade, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir o processo de escolarização da Literatura norte--rio-grandense na educação básica, como requisito para o acesso a obras literárias que integram opatrimônio cultural do estado no contexto escolar, com ênfase na poética de Palmyra Wanderley,cuja produção se deu nas primeiras décadas do século XX. Para isso, apontaremos estratégias metodológicasque venham a contribuir com o processo de ensino/aprendizagem, com vistas à formaçãode sujeitos leitores que vejam na poesia uma ferramenta importante para a formação humana.Palavras-chave: Ensino. Literatura. Palmyra Wanderley.
TRADUÇÃO COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE ENSINO DE LITERATURA GERMANÓFONA: VERSÕES BRASILEIRAS DE UM SONETO ALEMÃO
Authors: Lívio Cruz Romão Tito
Published: February 2020

Este artigo aborda a aplicação de exercícios de tradução ao ensino de literatura germanófonano Curso de Letras Alemão-Português da UFC. Em primeiro lugar, exercícios de tradução, entendidoscomo estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem no âmbito da literatura, são examinados à luz dasorientações do Quadro Europeu Comum de Referência para as Línguas (QECR) e, em seguida,comparados com resultados de outros autores (BISCHOF et al., 2003; HÄUSSERMANN; PIEPHO,1996; KÖNIGS, 1981). Em uma outra etapa, esses fundamentos teóricos são conectados comaspectos práticos do ensino de literatura germanófona, aplicando-os ao soneto barroco alemão Esist alles eitel (1637), de Andreas Gryphius, e sua tradução em português brasileiro feita por oitoestudantes da UFC. Trata-se de traduções literais e/ou recriações literárias, visando a mostrar queesse tipo de exercício pode contribuir: a) como estratégia metodológica para diminuir a heterogeneidadeno tocante à competência linguístico-cultural germanófona na sala de aula; b) como formade utilizar a tradução visando a uma análise integral do texto; e c) como forma de sensibilizar osestudantes para a importância da tradução literária na formação de professores de alemão comolíngua estrangeira (ALE). Considerando-se as interseções existentes entre a formação de professoresde ALE e seu acesso à literatura germanófona, é possível concluir que exercícios de tradução literáriapodem gerar ganhos de conhecimentos interdisciplinares envolvendo língua, cultura, teorialiterária e o próprio ato de traduzir, aqui também entendido como recriação.Palavras-chave: Ensino de literatura. Exercícios de tradução. QECR
Clima de la comunicación organizacional de pequeñas y medianas empresas
Authors: Hernández Ochoa Diana Elizabeth , López Torres Gabriela Citlalli
Published: February 2020

Actualmente, la comunicación organizacional (CO) es estudiada desde un punto teórico, además es considerada como elemento esencial para el progreso y mejora resultando en un sistema de comunicación fuerte, activo y eficiente. El fin de la CO es logar que los miembros de la organización interactúen de una manera oportuna que permita el intercambio beneficioso de ideas y opiniones que contribuyan al éxito de la organización. Así también, se observa que la existencia de un clima de comunicación organizacional (CCO) favorece la sensación de apoyo y confianza entre los miembros de la organización, además de cultivar el proceso de comunicación de manera que sea bidireccional y toda idea sea considerada durante la toma de decisiones, desarrollándose así el compromiso para lograr los objetivos de alto rendimiento. Tras la construcción de la revisión de literatura, se utilizó una metodología donde se observan las medias de las respuestas concedidas por los gerentes de las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) dedicadas a manufactura, construcción, comercio y servicios en el estado de Aguascalientes, utilizando un instrumento para medir el CCO.
Retos de la implementación de los Sistemas de Archivos
Authors: MBarraza Paredes Marcela Lorena , González Beltrones Adria Velia
Published: February 2020

En el documento se analiza la nueva dimensión otorgada a los archivos[ a partir de diversas reformas constitucionales y disposiciones legales relacionadas con los sistemas locales y nacional en materia de anticorrupción, fiscalización, transparencia, acceso a la información,datos personales y de archivos] que responsabiliza, a los sujetos obligados, a transitar de un concepto de archivo operativo a la de un archivo integrado a las políticas democratizadoras, como insumo de la transparencia, acceso a la información, derecho a la verdad y memoria colectiva, lo que conlleva obligaciones jurídicas, administrativas y sociales de alto nivel,entre ellas, el minimizar los riesgos por discrecionalidad y abuso de poder en la destrucción y /o extracción de documentos durante el proceso de implementación de los subsistemas institucionales (SSIAr) y sistema general de archivos (SGAr) especialmente en las épocas de transición, por relevos sexenales, trianuales o personales [entrega-recepción.
The Effect of Dual Task-Exercise to Walking Ability in Chronic Stroke Patients
Authors: Novita Ingried Kumolontang  , Joudy Gesal
Published: February 2020

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of dual-task-based ball exercise program to improve walking ability for executing a dual task.Methods: Experimental research, pretest – posttest design. Sixteen subjects, 1 woman and fifteen men, meanage 61 years old that come in Rehabilitation outpatient clinic BLU. RSUP. Prof. dr.R. D. Kandou Manado. Subjects were intervened with dual task-exercise using one or two balls while walking for about 10 m in length within 30 minutes. The frequency of exercise was three times a weekfor about four weeks. Subjects were assessed throught their walking velocity changes in single task and dual task exercises. The evaluation scores were noted on the questionnaire of walking ability.Results: The walking ability value in single task condition has significant change with p<0.001, and the walking ability in dual task condition has significant change also with p<0.001. These indicatethat subjects’ walking ability after intervention is faster than walking ability before the intervention. Walking ability based on walking ability questionnaire has significant change with p<0.001, showswalking ability after intervention has significant change.Conclusions: Dual task-exercise can improve walking ability of stroke chronic patient in singla task condition and dual task condition.Keywords: Chronic stroke, Dual task-exercise.
West Java Sports Development Policy Analysis (Research Conducted in the Field of Sports Culture)
Authors: Aang Solahudin Anwar  , Harmawati
Published: February 2020

This research is a qualitative research that aims to find out why sports policy in West Java is able to produce various awards. Seeing the extent of the assessment of sports policy in West Java in the Field of Early Childhood Sports Culture. The author tries to focus on policies in the field of sports acculturation, more specifically sports acculturation policies in the Karawang district. The method used in this study uses a qualitative method by carrying out several approaches to the study of literature, interviews and field studies in the field under study. The purpose of this qualitative research is to know the continuation of sports development after the leadership of the Governor and the head of West Java and the district in particular, and to find out the direction of West Java sports development policies specifically in the field of sports culture in Karawang district and new policies or evaluations of the policies that have been implemented
Understanding and Improving Life
Authors: Imran Majeed Syed Muhammad
Published: February 2020

Creation of knowledge through understanding is a perpetual process for humanity. Our understanding growsthrough application of logic and scientific methodology which form the basis of research. The endowment ofintellectual ability has empowered humans to adopt this course to keep on generating better and deeperunderstanding of our existential situation. Advancements in technology keep on providing better and bettermeans to facilitate our understanding even more.Given the accelerating pace of human understanding, the body of our knowledge and the means to improveour living conditions, are growing exponentially. The genome sequencing of the 2019 Corona Virus wasaccomplished well within a fortnight of the first reported patient.1The development of a prototype vaccineagainst it, was announced within another two months.2About a couple of decades ago, such processes tookover ten times longer when SARS virus outbreak occurred.3,4As we continue to uncover the previous unknowns, we become more and more aware of additional unknowns.Hence, as our knowledge grows, so does the realization of our ignorance. No knowledge is enough knowledge,and no effort at discovery is effort enough. For all to help in this human collective is the spirit to go by.The launching of Life and Science journal is such a contribution towards 'Understanding and Improving Life' –and its conditions, on earth and beyond. This being the motto of the National University of Medical Sciences,Pakistan, from whose platform, the journal is being launched. It is meant to be an international, peer reviewed,open source journal. It intends to address all the dimensions of the eco-bio-psycho-social spectrum of life, aswell as the axiology of its existence, the ethics and the aesthetics. The journal welcomes contributions by all, for the benefit of all.Editor-in-Chief
Evaluation of Medicated Pharyngeal Pack for Prevention of Postoperative Sore Throat following Nasal Septal Surgery
Authors: Maka Tarique Ahmed , Ur Rehman Akeel , Ali Sajid
Published: February 2020

Objective: To compare the difference in frequency of postoperative sore throat, dysphagia, hoarseness and cough after nasal septal surgery between pharyngeal packings soaked in normal saline, soluble aspirin or ketorolac. Study Design: A comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried at ENT Department of Combined Military Hospital, Risalpur from July 2017 to June 2018. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 180 patients of both genders, aged between 20-50 years. Cases were randomly allocated into three groups of 60 each. In group A (control), postoperative pharyngeal packing was done with ribbon gauze impregnated with 50 ml normal saline, in group B (soluble aspirin group) packing was done with gauze impregnated in 50 ml of normal saline in which 300 mg of soluble aspirin was dissolved, whereas in group C (ketorolac group) packing was done with gauze impregnated in 50 ml of normal saline in which 30 mg of ketorolac was dissolved. Results: In group A, 10 patients (16.7%) complained of sore throat, 8 (13.3%) dysphagia, 11 (18.3%) hoarseness and 12 (20%) cough. In group B, 4 (6.7%) patients complained of sore throat, 3 (5%) dysphagia, 3 (5%) hoarseness and 4 (6.7%) cough whereas in group C, 3 (5%) patients complained sore throat, 1 (1.7%) dysphagia, 2 (3.3%) hoarseness and 4 (6.7%) cough. All parameters were significantly raised (p<0.001) in group A as compared to group B and C whereas there was no significant difference found in the parameters between group B and C except dysphagia which was significantly lower (p<0.001) in group C as compared to group B. Conclusion: Use of soluble aspirin or ketorolac impregnated pharyngeal packing significantly reduced frequency of post-operative sore throat, dysphagia, hoarseness and cough as compared to simple normal saline impregnated packing among patients undergoing nasal surgery.

How to cite this: Maka TA, Rehman A, Ali S. Evaluation of Medicated Pharyngeal Pack for Prevention of Postoperative Sore Throat following Nasal Septal Surgery. Life and Science. 2020; 1(1): 33-36. doi: https://doi.org/10.37185/L&S.1.1.16
Identification of Zika Virus NS5 Novel Inhibitors through Virtual Screening and Docking Studies
Authors: Faheem Muhammad , Jamal Syed Babar
Published: February 2020

Objective: Screening of ZINC inhibitors library for Zika virus (ZIKV) Non-Structural 5 (NS5) protein as potential drug target. Study Design: Cross sectional.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Department of Biological Sciences of National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from December 2018 to March 2019.Materials and Methods: NS5 protein was obtained from Protein databank (PDB ID: 5TMH) and screened against ZINC library of 11,193 drug-like molecules for NS5 and 3 ligands were identified based on optimum binding energy. MOE, PyMOL and CLUSTALW were used for docking studies and structural analysis.Results: Out of 11, 193 compounds, three ligands were observed to interact with residues of the Methyl Transferase (MT) domain of NS5. These ligands fit in the MT domain by making hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions in the active site and S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) binding pocket.Conclusion: Hence, upon experimental validation, these ligands can be utilized as potential inhibitors against NS5 MT activity to control ZIKV viral replication and ultimately control the disease. How to cite this: Faheem M, Jamal SB. Identification of Zika Virus NS5 Novel Inhibitors through Virtual Screening and Docking Studies. Life and Science. 2020; 1(1): 3-7.  doi:https://doi.org/10.37185/L&S.1.1.42
Factors Affecting Academic Performance of Medical Students
Authors: Khan Khola Waheed , Ramzan Musarat , Zia Yusra , Zafar Yumna , Khan Memoona , Saeed Hurmat
Published: February 2020

Objective: To determine the perception of medical students about factors affecting academic performance and to associate them with academic performance. Study Design: Cross sectional.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Department of Community Medicine at Wah Medical College, Wah Cantt from January 2018 to August 2018.Materials and Methods: After explaining purpose of the study and taking informed consent, questionnaires were distributed to students and collected after two days. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 19. Frequency tables and charts were constructed for qualitative and quantitative variables accordingly.  Association of academic performance with factors affecting academic performance were determined by chi-square.Results: The factors that affect the academic performance most were parental concern (87.2%), time spent on social media (78.4%), influence of friends (74.4%), silence during study (88.8%) and style of teaching (80.8%). Significant association was found between academic performance and place of residence, daily breakfast, peer academic performance, night study and joining medical profession on own will.Conclusion: Supervision by parents, academically competent peers, apposite institutional environment, pertinent use of media and good teaching strategies mostly affect the academic performance.How to cite this: Khan KW, Ramzan M, Zia Y, Zafar Y, Khan M, Saeed H. Factors Affecting Academic Performance of Medical Students. Life and Science. 2020; 1(1): 8-11.  doi: https://doi.org/10.37185/L&S.1.1.45
Technical Debt Aware Estimations in Software Engineering: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: Klimczyk Paweł , Madeyski Lech
Published: February 2020

Context: The Technical Debt metaphor has grown in popularity. More software is being created and has to be maintained. Agile methodologies, in particular Scrum, are widely used by development teams around the world. Estimation is an often practised step in sprint planning. The subject matter of this paper is the impact technical debt has on estimations.

Objective: The goal of this research is to identify estimation problems and their solutions due to previously introduced technical debt in software projects.

Method: The Systematic mapping study (SMS) method was applied in the research. Papers were selected from the popular digital databases (IEEE, ACM, Scopus, etc.) using defined search criteria. Afterwards, a snowballing procedure was performed and the final publication set was filtered using inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Results: 42 studies were selected and evaluated. Five categories of problems and seven proposed solutions to the problems have been extracted from the papers. Problems include items related to business perspective (delivery pressure or lack of technical debt understanding by business decision-makers) and technical perspective (difficulties in forecasting architectural technical debt impact or limits of source code analysis). Solutions were categorized in: more sophisticated decision-making tools for business managers, better tools for estimation support and technical debt management tools on an architectural-level, portfolio approach to technical debt, code audit and technical debt reduction routine conducted every sprint.

Conclusion: The results of this mapping study can help taking the appropriate approach in technical debt mitigation in organizations. However, the outcome of the conducted research shows that the problem of measuring technical debt impact on estimations has not yet been solved. We propose several directions for further investigation. In particular, we would focus on more sophisticated decision-making tools.
Diagnostic support of radiosurgery at brain metastases
Authors: Gryazov Andrey , Dykan Iryna , Kolotilov Nikolay
Published: February 2020

The literature review covers 70 sources from 2001-2018. The informativeness of the main radiological neuroimaging technologies is described – magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT), single-photon emission computed tomography; positron emission computed tomography) in determining the early response to stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) of brain metastases, in predicting effective radiosurgery, volumetric regression, in assessing the state of diffusion processes and microcirculation (tissue perfusion) of irradiated foci.
The diagnostic effectiveness of MRI and MDCT technologies in the differential diagnosis of metastastatic process in the brain recurrence, disease pseudoprogression, and radionecrosis after SRS is presented.
An algorithm for the optimal diagnostic support of patients after SRS of brain metastases is described. The general medical phenomenon of the fundamental irreproducibility of cancer research results is indicated.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan Terjadinya Asfiksia pada Bayi Baru Lahir di Rumah Sakit Syech Yusuf Gowa Tahun 2017
Authors: Farahdiba Idha , Rahmat MS Basuki
Published: February 2020

Angka kematian maternal bayi baru lahir di Indonesia pada tahun 2015 sebesar 74.000 orang adalah bayi berat lahir rendah (29%), asfiksia (27%), trauma lahir, tetanus neonatorum, infeksi lain dan kelainan kongenital (34%). Asfiksia adalah kegagalan bayi baru lahir untuk bernapas secara spontan dan teratur sehingga menimbulkan gangguan lebih lanjut, yang mempengaruhi seluruh metabolisme tubuhnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur ibu, paritas, dan persalinan lama dengan Asfiksia pada bayi baru lahir di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Syech Yusuf Gowa. Penelitian ini menggunakan survey analitik dengan pendekatan Cross sectional sampelnya adalah bayi yang baru lahir  pada bulan Januari – Juni 2017 dengan jumlah 36. Penelitian ini menggunakan data checklist secara acak yang dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Syech Yusuf Gowa, dengan menggunakan uji statistik Chi–square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa umur ibu p= 0,000 < dari α = 0,05, paritasp.value p= 0,002 < dari sig = 0,05, persalinan lama p= 0,000 < dari sig = 0,05. Kesimpulan dari penelitian hubungan yang bermakna antara umur ibu, paritas, dan persalinan lama dengan asfiksia. Disarankan kepada tenaga kesehatan setempat untuk mempromosikan dan meningkatkan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan
Música, Joyce e Dublinenses – Texto e Filme
Authors: Tolentino Magda Velloso Fernandes de
Published: February 2020

“Songs, Joyce and Dubliners – Text and Film” This paper tries to show how music is so ingrained in Irish culture that it is present not only in theeveryday life of the people but also in literary manifestations. In James Joyce’s Dubliners we can see in several of the short stories of the collection the use of songs and their words as complementary to the plot itself. Presenting some of the examples from the collection, this paper is a good way for beginners to get acquainted with this very important work. By dealing with the original text by Joyce and with the film version made by John Huston we put together two important semiotic representations which increase the value of both.Keywords: Dubliners; John Huston’s films; music.
Power, Gerald & Pilný, Ondřej. Ireland and the Czech Lands: Contacts and Comparisons in History and Culture.
Authors: Bolfarine Mariana
Published: February 2020

Power, Gerald & Pilný, Ondřej. Ireland and the Czech Lands: Contacts and Comparisons in History and Culture. Bern: Peter Lang, 2014. 235 pp.
Morales-Ladrón, Marisol. Family and Dysfunction in Contemporary Irish Narrative and Film
Authors: Eufrausino Caroline Moreira
Published: February 2020

Morales-Ladrón, Marisol. Family and Dysfunction in Contemporary Irish Narrative and Film. Bern: Peter Lang, 2016.352 pp.
Interviewing Celia De Fréine
Authors: Wolkoff Gisele
Published: February 2020

Celia De Fréine is a poet, translator, playwright and short story, non-fiction  and screenplay writer. Célia has published extensively and won several awards, among them the Patrick Kavanagh Award (1994), Best screenplay at the New York International Film Festival, (2009) and Arts Council of Ireland Grants (2013).Keywords: Celia de Fréine; translation; poetry; drama; fiction.
Appraising Gabriela McEvoy's La experiencia invisible
Authors: Carrasco Weston José Manuel
Published: February 2020

This an apprasal of Gabriela McEvoy's groundbreaking study on the Irish immigration in Peru.Keywords: Irish migration; Peru.
Irish Letters: Sacred and Secular Usage
Authors: Kumamoto Eduardo Boheme
Published: February 2020

The objective of this article is to discuss the lettering styles that can be found in signs around Dublin, and which are used to convey some kind of Irishness and tradition. The first section discusses the story of insular scripts that flourished in medieval Ireland, being the Book of Kells their most conspicuous representative. After that, the rise of Gaelic typefaces is examined and, finally, examples are used to show the multiplicity of lettering styles in Dublin which are based on insular scripts. It is demonstrated that such letters often fail in their intention to display tradition and nationalism. Keywords: Medieval Ireland; Gaelic typefaces; lettering styles.
From Translations to Traducciones: Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Fernández Suárez María Yolanda
Published: February 2020

When researching how hedge schools were represented in literary sources, I realized Brian Friel's depiction in Translations had become the most iconic. Even though he is regarded as a major Irish playwright, whose work has been translated into several languages, hardly any of his plays could be found in Spanish. Therefore, bringing together my interests in Irish and translation studies, I took the opportunity to render this seminal play into the Spanish language with the purpose of making Friel more widely available. When contemplating the work ahead, I was not unaware of the challenges posed by the linguistically complex nature of Translations, shown in its very title. However, soon other less obvious difficulties emerged, like the translation of some Irish cultural elements. Last but not least, some features of orality, related to the intrinsic nature of drama translation, were also challenging. While addressing these issues, I aimed at giving readership the impression that the text had originally been written in Spanish.Keywords: Brian Friel; Translations; Traducciones; Literary Translation.
Alberto Blest Gana and Clotario Blest. Literary and Political Legacy of an Irishman in Chile
Authors: Hosiasson Laura Janina
Published: February 2020

A panorama of Chilean history is framed by three generations of the Blest family. The three characters of the saga were pioneers in their respective occupations: the first was the founder of medicine in Chile; the second was the initiator of the Chilean novel and the third was the creator of the Central Única de Trabajadores (CUT), the tenacious defenders of labour wrights in the twentieth century. Father, son and grandson describe their life stories as a sinuous and complex journey, as it generally is when history is observed in detail.Keywords: Alberto Blest Gana; Clotario Blest; the Irish in Chile.
Double Readings and Double Rewritings. Alternative Texts in Mary O'Donnell's Remake of Mary Lavin's "The Widow's Son"
Authors: Tallone Giovanna
Published: February 2020

Mary O’Donnell’s short story “The Story of Maria’s Son”, from her collection Storm over Belfast (2008), consciously and openly rewrites Mary Lavin’s story “The Widow’s Son” in the urban setting of contemporary Ireland. O’Donnell follows the steps of a significant figure among Irish women writers and plays with the plot of her source text in a process of expansion, providing background information to weave a realistic pattern of suburban life. However, O’Donnell also engages with the structure, tone and narrative modes of the Lavin original and reproduces the pattern of Lavin’s story in her deliberate use of a double ending, or of alternative endings, thus questioning narrative authority. The purpose of this paper is to analyse Mary O’Donnell’s “The Story of Maria’s Son”, vis-à-vis Lavin’s “The Widow’s Son”, shedding light on the way both texts elaborate conflicting endings and taking into account the variety of narrative voices in both stories. If on the level of plot the tragedy of the loss of the son is generated by a mother-son conflict, on the level of discourse and structure O’Donnell develops the conflicting double endings into a postmodern reflection on the construction of texts.Keywords: rereading; rewriting; alternative ending; Mary O’Donnell; Mary Lavin.
Stylizing Life: Empathy and Translation in Roisín O'Donnell's Transcultural Writing
Authors: Schwall Hedwig
Published: February 2020

As an arch-migrant, Roisín O’Donnell moves between mental, spatial and verbal homes, between teaching and writing. In “How to be a Billionaire” and “Crushed”, two short stories which wrap her volume Wild Quiet (2016) she develops a “narratology of otherness”, using a combination of empathy and translation to convey her new Irish schoolchildren’s “tussles with identities” into complex and colourful texts, allowing the reader glimpses of the ways in which her protagonists shift between affects and emotions, phantasms and memories, confusion and trauma. Fed by the theories of Jacques Lacan, Christopher Bollas, René Anzieu and Giorgio Agamben this article will perform a close reading of the formal ingenuities in O’Donnell’s style, devised to represent the “crowded nature of contemporary selfhood”. More specifically this reading focuses on six kinds of communication: body language, dress code, gestural idiom (in “Gestalten”), impact of spatial factors, verbal abilities, and finally emotional and mental images which form a kind of “pellicular” diary.Keywords: Roisín O’Donnell; Wild Quiet; “How to be a Billionaire”; “Crushed”; new Irish; Gestalt; RIS system; the good enough parent.
Mothers and Daughters in Conflict in the Motherland, Edna O'Brien's The Light of Evening
Authors: Arriaga María Isabel
Published: February 2020

The Light of Evening explores the difficult relationship between two Irish mothers and their daughters: Dilly Macready and Eleanora, a writer whose life shares many common features with that of Edna O’Brien’s, on the one hand, and young Dilly’s previous relationship with her own mother, Bridget, on the other hand. Both relationships are depicted through a succession of daily letters, usually not sent. These conflictive bonds resemble those of Irish people with their motherland throughout the twentieth century.This tension emerges, in all cases, when expected roles assigned to women by a patriarchal culture clash with the desire of emancipation and selfdevelopment. The purpose of this article is to explore mother-daughter representations in O’Brien’s novel in order to analyse the author’s own conflictive relationship with Ireland in her early development as a creative writer. Immigration, tradition, memory and fragmented identity, all constituitive elements of Irish history, are present in this paper.Keywords: Mothers; conflict; exile; tradition; motherland.
Ireland and the Popular Genre of Historical Romance: The Novels of Karen Robards
Authors: Villar-Argáiz Pilar
Published: February 2020

This essay looks at the interconnections between the cultural industry of popular romance and best-selling novels set in an Irish historical context. In particular, it examines two best-selling novels by North American author Karen Robards, which have not yet been examined in academia: Dark of the Moon (1988) and Forbidden Love (2013; originally published in 1983). Although this small selection constitutes only a preliminary study of an expanding popular genre, it is my hope that it will serve as a relevant example of how Ireland is exoticised in the transnational cultural industry of romance. Drawing on several studies on popular romance (Radway 1984; Strehle and Carden 2009; and Roach 2016), and on specific sources devoted to the study of historical romance, in particular when set in exotic locations (Hughes 2005; Philips 2011; Teo 2012; 2016), I intend to demonstrate how these novels by Karen Robards follow the clichés and conventions of the typical romances produced in the 1980s. As I show, the popularity that Robards’ novels still enjoy reflects the supremacy of the genre and the wide reception of this kind of fiction in the global market.Keywords: Cultural industry; popular romance; Irish context; market.