bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelo de identificación de ciberamenazas para PYMES de servicios tecnológicos usando herramientas de Data Analytics
Authors:   , Villayzan Chancafe Renzo Adrian , Gutierrez Perona Juan Diego
Published: May 2022

Este proyecto tiene como propósito mejorar la capacidad que tienen las empresas pequeñas y medianas de detectar ciberamenazas que puedan encontrarse en sus ambientes, y que no hayan sido detectadas por las herramientas de seguridad tradicionales, como los antivirus. El objetivo del proyecto fue desarrollar un modelo de análisis de logs que permita identificar ciberamenazas utilizando herramientas de Data Analytics en PYMES de servicios tecnológicos. De acuerdo con un estudio realizado por el Ponemon Institute en el 2018, el 82% de las empresas encuestadas reportaron que los exploits maliciosos evadieron sus soluciones de antivirus. El modelo propuesto fue validado mediante una simulación de ataque de phishing, el cual permitió generar un fileless malware que consiguió generar persistencia en la computadora de la víctima. Los registros obtenidos a partir de la simulación fueron utilizados para entrenar un modelo de machine learning, el cual proporcionó la información necesaria para clasificar el evento según las tácticas y técnicas del framework Att&ck del MITRE. Finalmente, con la clasificación del ataque, se tiene la capacidad de proponer estrategias de mitigación y mejoras en las políticas de seguridad de información de la empresa. Adicionalmente, al analizar los resultados obtenidos a partir del experimento de machine learning, se evidenció su eficacia, pues presentaba mejores métricas en comparación con investigaciones académicas similares.
Solución tecnológica para optimizar el proceso de identificación y atención de accidentes de tránsito en Lima Metropolitana utilizando Smart Traffic
Authors:   , Rivas Montenegro Alfredo , Paredes Lévano Jose María
Published: May 2022

Actualmente, Perú tiene la mayor tasa de mortalidad en la región respecto a accidentes de tránsito, alcanzando en Lima más de 50,000 siniestros vehiculares y más de 500 fallecidos al año, según la Policía Nacional del Perú. Esto se debe, principalmente, a la imprudencia de conductores y/o peatones, pero también a la demora en la atención debido a las condiciones del tránsito en la ciudad, lo que aumenta el índice de víctimas fatales. Las entidades locales responsables se encuentran desarrollando proyectos para el mejoramiento del tránsito, no obstante, se ha identificado que las soluciones actuales no cuentan con las características suficientes para poder cubrir los problemas presentados. El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo principal implementar una solución tecnológica basada en Smart Traffic para optimizar la identificación y atención de accidentes de tránsito en Lima Metropolitana, empleando infraestructura vial, tecnológica y soluciones analíticas. Esta solución consiste en la captura de datos a través de diversos dispositivos, el procesamiento y análisis de los datos a través de un motor de analítica, la ejecución de acciones en tiempo real para la detección y atención de los siniestros, y la presentación de resultados y reportes, todo soportado en la infraestructura vial existente y en tecnologías como Internet of Things, Big Data & Analytics y Cloud Computing. Asimismo, se ha realizado la validación del modelo propuesto en base a escenarios de prueba con métricas existentes, y se ha elaborado un plan de continuidad que asegure la viabilidad y alta disponibilidad de la propuesta.
Yeast diversity in Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot grapes grown in the highlands of Southern Brazil
Authors: Mattos Rocha Ronaldo Kauê , Andrioli Joel , Scariot Fernando Joel , Schwarz Luisa Vivian , Longaray Delamare Ana Paula , Echeverrigaray Sergio
Published: May 2022

Considering the influence of natural yeasts on wine production and the organoleptic properties of the final product, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the diversity of yeasts in Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in the highlands of the Northeast region of Rio Grande do Sul State, “Serra Gaúcha”, Brazil. Grape samples were collected from commercial vineyards between February and March in the 2017, 2018 and 2019 vintages. One hundred sixty-six isolated yeasts were classified at the species level by D1/D2 domain of 26S rRNA sequencing. A total of 31 yeast species were identified. The most prevalent species were Hanseniaspora uvarum, Issatchenkia terricola, Saturnispora diversa and Starmerella bacillaris. These same yeasts were the most frequent regardless of the year evaluated. The results indicated that there is a great diversity of yeast species in grapes cultivated in the highlands of Southern Brazil. However, the yeast communities remain similar in Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot grapes the analysed parameters (grape variety/vintage) are not interfering in the yeast populations found in the region highlands of Rio Grande do Sul, “Serra Gaúcha”, Brazil. This study enabled the knowledge of the yeast populations present in the region and their variations during the harvesting of wine grapes, showing that there is a majority pattern of species independent of the harvest.
Occurrence, biogenesis and sensory impact of methyl salicylate in Lugana wines
Authors: Slaghenaufi Davide , Luzzini Giovanni , Avrini Giulia , Marconcini Stefano , Vela Eduardo , Ugliano Maurizio
Published: May 2022

Lugana wines are produced in the winemaking regions of Veneto and Lombardia, employing Turbiana grapes grown in the proximity of the Garda Lake. Methyl salicylate (MeSA) has been reported as a potentially impactful compound in Lugana wines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of MeSA in commercial Lugana wines, elucidate its formation during winemaking and aging, and assess its potential contribution to Lugana aroma. MeSA was quantified in a total of 93 samples including Lugana, Verdicchio (another Italian white wine produced in central Italy using Turbiana grapes locally referred to as Verdicchio), as well as other Italian white and red wines such as Corvina, Corvinone, Garganega, Sangiovese, Pinot nero, Pinot grigio. The results showed that Lugana showed an average concentration of MeSA of 50.6 µg/L, Verdicchio of 33.4 µg/L, while the rest of the wines showed concentration below 5 µg/L. These results indicate that MeSA can be considered a varietal marker of Lugana wines, as well as more in general of wines obtained from the Turbiana/Verdicchio varietal cluster. Concentration of free MeSA in Lugana grape must is however low, and experimental fermentations showed that MeSA was largely formed by yeast activity during alcoholic fermentation, which hydrolyzes the glycosidic precursors of MeSA present in the must to release the aglycone. Additional MeSA can be formed in wine during aging by acid hydrolysis of the glycosidic precursors. Finally, the olfactory threshold of MeSA in a commercial Lugana was estimated by BET method at 38 µg/L, suggesting that MeSA could play a role in Lugana aroma.
NOTECNOLOGIAS VERDES PARA TRATAMENTO DE CÂNCER - UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Sangalli Thiago Leonardo
Published: May 2022

As nanopartículas (NPs) verdes são substratos naturais extraídos de recursos biológicos disponíveis na natureza. O objetivo do presente estudo foi revisar a atividade anticâncer de NPs sintetizadas a partir de extratos verdes contra células tumorais. Selecionou-se 21 artigos no banco de dados eletrônicas, PubMed e Cochrane, trabalhos publicados nos últimos 5 anos, em inglês, português e espanhol. Os resultados mostraram o potencial anticâncer  das nanopartículas biogênicos contra diferentes células cancerígenas, cerca de 95% dos estudos mostram algum feito citotóxico no tumor. A linhagem das células tumorais mais estudada foi a de origem hepática, 80% dos artigos avaliaram o resultado das NPs no carcinoma hepatocelular (HepG2), e obtiveram resultados surpreendentes, a segunda linhagem  de células mais estuda foi adenocarcinoma de mama (MCF-7). A citotoxicidade nas células tumorais foi avaliada através da concentração inibitória mínima (I50), e em  nível molecular observou-se a presença de células apoptóticas, bem como o aumento de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS) intracelular e de  expressões das proteínas caspases  e a diminuição de enzimas anti apoptóticas.  Pode-se concluir que as NPs verdes são uma alternativa eficaz no tratamento de câncer, no entanto estudos devem avaliar a atividade anticancerígena por meio de estudos in vivo em humanos.
PROFUNDIDADE DE SEMEADURA NA EMERGÊNCIA DA SOJA COINOCULADA COM Azospirillum brasilense E Bradyrhizobium japonicum
Authors: Bau Cortelini Miele , Mucci Pelúzio Joênes , Sérgio Afférri Flávio , De Souza Clovis Maurilio
Published: May 2022

O uso de rizobactérias poderá auxiliar na mitigação dos estresses causados pela profundidade de semeadura da soja. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da coinoculação, associação entre as bactérias Bradyrhizobium japonicum e Azospirillum brasilense, na emergência de cultivares de soja, semeadas em diferentes profundidades. Para isso, foram montados dois experimentos em épocas distintas (13/12/2019 e 13/01/2020) em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 5 sendo, duas cultivares (Bônus Ipro e NS 8383 RR), dois manejos de inoculação na semente (presença e ausência de Azospirillum brasilense) e cinco profundidades de semeadura (2, 4, 6, 8 e 10 cm), com 4 repetições. Avaliou-se a porcentagem de emergência e o índice de velocidade de emergência. As médias das épocas, cultivares e manejos de inoculação foram submetidas ao teste F e quando significativas foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey, e análise de regressão para as profundidades. A coinoculação não se mostrou eficiente frente à inoculação isolada com B. japonicum, em melhorar a germinação das cultivares, independente das profundidades de semeadura. O aumento na profundidade influenciou negativamente os caracteres de emergência, independentemente do manejo de inoculação e época de semeadura.
Enhancing Night and Day Circadian Contrast through Sleep Nursing Education in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: García-Serrano Cristina , Pujol Salud Jesús , Aran Solé Lidia , Sol Joaquim , Ortiz Congost Sònia , Artigues-Barberà Eva-Maria , Ortega Bravo Marta
Published: May 2022

Background: Evidence supports a causal relationship between circadian disturbance and impaired glucose homeostasis. Method: To determine the effect of a nursing educational intervention on improving healthy sleep, a parallel, open-label clinical trial in subjects with Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and 18 and older was performed. Study variables were sex, age, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), sleep duration and efficiency, BMI, antidiabetic treatment and diet and physical exercise. An individual informative educational intervention was carried out following a bidirectional feedback method. It was intended to develop skills to improve sleep through 9 simple tips. An analysis of covariance was performed on all the mean centered outcome variables controlling for the respective baseline scores. Results: After the intervention, in the experimental group, PSQI dropped, the duration and quality of sleep increased. Further, a decrease in fasting glucose and in HbA1c levels was observed. Conclusion: The proposed intervention has proven to be effective to improve sleep quality, time, and efficiency and in only 3 months, to achieve a decrease in fasting glucose and HbA1c levels. These findings support the importance of sleep and circadian rhythms education focused on improving in T2DM or IFG.
Association of a TGFBI Mutation with Congenital Glaucoma in GAPO Syndrome
Authors: Gupta Viney , Panigrahi Arnav , I Somarajan Bindu , Gupta Shikha , Tripathy Koushik , Singh Abhishek , Sharma Anshul , Pradhan Dibyabhaba , Sharma Arundhati
Published: May 2022

Purpose: To investigate the molecular basis of congenital glaucoma in a family with GAPO (growth retardation, alopecia, pseudoanodontia, and progressive optic atrophy) syndrome. Methods: We report ocular features of 3 girls with GAPO syndrome born of consanguineous marriage in a multi- generation consanguineous family. The proband (4year old girl) and her younger sibling (1 year old girl) were operated for bilateral congenital glaucoma in both eyes. The elder sibling (10year old female) had features of GAPO syndrome but did not manifest features of glaucoma. Results: A genetic evaluation using whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous ANTXR1 mutation in all 3 affected siblings with GAPO. No other mutations were detected in the genes associated with glaucoma. A rare missense mutation in TGFBI gene was shared in the two siblings with congenital glaucoma and GAPO syndrome.Conclusions: Mutations in TGFBI gene could have a role in the pathogenesis of congenital glaucoma.
E-cadherin Variants Affecting Distinct Protein Domains Impact Differently on Tensional Homeostasis of Gastric Cancer Cells
Authors: Xu Han , Bunde Katie A. , Figueiredo Joana , Seruca Raquel , Smith Michael L. , Stamenović Dimitrije
Published: May 2022

In epithelia, breakdown of tensional homeostasis is closely associated with E-cadherin dysfunction and disruption of tissue function and integrity. In this study, we investigated the effect of E-cadherin mutations affecting distinct protein domains on tensional homeostasis of gastric cancer cells. We used micropattern traction microscopy to measure temporal fluctuations of cellular traction forces in AGS cells transfected with the wild-type E-cadherin or with variants affecting the extracellular, the juxtamembrane, and the intracellular domains of the protein. We focused on the dynamic aspect of tensional homeostasis, namely the ability of cells to maintain a consistent level of tension, with low temporal variability around a set point. Cells were cultured on hydrogels micropatterned with different extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to test whether the ECM adhesion impacts cell behavior. A combination of Fibronectin and Vitronectin was used as a substrate that promotes the adhesive ability of E-cadherin dysfunctional cells, whereas Collagen VI was used to test an unfavorable ECM condition. Our results showed that mutations affecting distinct E-cadherin domains influenced differently cell tensional homeostasis, and pinpointed the juxtamembrane and intracellular regions of E-cadherin as the key players in this process. Furthermore, Fibronectin and Vitronectin might modulate cancer cell behavior towards tensional homeostasis.
Special Issue on Smart Factory
Authors: Hibino Hironori , Nishioka Yasuyuki
Published: May 2022

A Fourth Industrial Revolution has been proposed, and various research and development activities geared toward the realization of smart factories have become extremely active. In smart factories developed individually within companies, the direction of the development activities is changing drastically. Regarding common technologies, research activities and feasible case study activities that are collaborations among industry, academia, and government and that show consideration and awareness of ecosystems are becoming active.

It has been five years since the IJAT last published a special issue on smart manufacturing. Smart factory technologies are becoming more and more important in the industrial world, not as a temporary boom, but as a steady development. Research on smart factory technologies is progressing, as they are considered to be important technologies in the industrial world, along with Digital Transformation (DX) technologies, among others.

This special issue addresses the latest in advanced research on smart factories. We have received many submissions from researchers at universities, public research institutes, and companies, and we are pleased to publish eight papers. The latest research being published mainly concerns the following five topics:

- Smart and digital twinning of machine tools

- Smart and digital twinning of production systems

- Optimization of production systems using scheduling algorithms

- Optimization of production systems including worker operations

- Optimization of energy consumption for production systems

The results of these studies will serve as a reference for further smart factory technologies in the future.

We deeply appreciate the careful work of all the authors, and we thank the reviewers for their incisive efforts. Without these contributions, this special issue could not have been created. We also hope that this special issue will trigger leading to further advances in smart factories.
Improving Remote Spatial Understanding by Transmitting Spherical Images via Video Chat Applications
Authors: Aoyama Kazuma , Maeda Kiyosu , Ueoka Ryoko , Makioka Shigeo , Sakura Nobukazu , Nakashima Kunihiko , Hirose Michitaka , Amemiya Tomohiro ,   Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan,   Virtual Reality Educational Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,   Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,   zeroinon Inc., Tokyo, Japan,   Tokyo Office, DENSO CORPORATION, Tokyo, Japan,   Machinery & Tools Division, DENSO CORPORATION, Agui, Japan,   Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Published: May 2022

Manufacturing functions are often performed by groups of engineers who cooperate and gather at work sites. However, since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the movement and activities of groups of people have been restricted, especially in indoor spaces. This reduction in travel by engineers also implies a reduction in associated costs. Telepresence technology, which is studied in the field of virtual reality, can be used as a way to reduce travel. Telepresence allows users to engage with a site from a remote location as if they were present. Thus, engineers would be able to participate in a working group without the necessity of physically traveling to the site to cooperate with local manufacturing people. A variety of telepresence systems have been proposed; however, relatively few methods have been widely implemented compared with video chat applications that have recently become an established infrastructure in many companies. This is most likely because most proposed systems use robots, head-mounted displays, or dedicated multi-functional applications that require engineers to learn how to use them. One way to use a video chat application to understand a remote space is to have a remote participant move a camera used in a video chat application. In contrast, many VR social networking services use a viewing method with which users can change their viewing direction on the computer screen. In this study, we demonstrate that a system that allows users to rotate their viewing perspective on a laptop computer screen can provide an easier understanding of a virtual space than a system that requires a remote person to move a webcam. Based on these results, we propose a system that allows users to view a remote location on a laptop computer screen via a video chat application and an off-the-shelf spherical camera, and evaluate its usefulness.
Long-term Changes of Hearing Thresholds and Eustachian Tube Function After Balloon Dilation of the Eustachian Tube in Patients With Chronic Otitis Media
Authors: Choi Yeonjoo , Kang Woo Seok , Ha Seung Cheol , Lee Sang Hun , Ahn Joong Ho , Chung Jong Woo , Park Hong Ju
Published: May 2022

Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate long-term changes after balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube (BDET) in chronic otitis media (COM) patients with Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction that persisted after tympanomastoidectomy (TM).Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of consecutive patients who were diagnosed with COM and ET dysfunction and underwent TM at our tertiary hospital from 2016 to 2017. The tympanic membrane status, the presence of a ventilation tube, ability to perform the Valsalva maneuver, and audiologic changes after dilation of the ET were analyzed.Results. This study included 20 patients (with 21 ears) who underwent TM but could not perform the Valsalva maneuver, showed a persistent air-bone gap, and eventually underwent BDET (male:female, 8:13; right:left, 11:10). Four ears showed perforation of the tympanic membrane after TM. Among the remaining 17 ears, 15 ears underwent ventilation tube insertion before BDET, while two ears underwent ventilation tube insertion and BDET simultaneously. Although none of the patients were capable of the Valsalva maneuver before BDET, 13 (62%) were able to perform the Valsalva maneuver successfully after BDET. When evaluating the tympanic membrane status at the latest follow-up, ventilation tubes were still present in eight ears. In the other 13 ears, intact tympanic membranes were present in nine out of 11 ears n the successful Valsalva group, whereas none of them were intact in the unsuccessful Valsalva group (P=0.014). The successful Valsalva group after BDET showed an improved air-bone gap of 8.9±12.4 dB, while the unsuccessful Valsalva group showed an aggravated air-bone gap of 3.8±11.8 dB at 1 year after BDET; this difference was statistically significant (P=0.031).Conclusion: The Valsalva maneuver could be performed successfully after BDET by 62% of patients with COM and ET dysfunction. BDET is helpful for successful hearing improvement and improved tympanic aeration in COM patients with ET dysfunction.
Induction of the BRAFV600E Mutation in Thyroid Cells Leads to Frequent Hypermethylation
Authors: Yi Jin Wook , Ha Seong Yun , Jee Hyeon-Gun , Kim Kwangsoo , Kim Su-jin , Chai Young Jun , Choi June Young , Lee Kyu Eun
Published: May 2022

Objectives. The BRAFV600E mutation is a major driver mutation in papillary thyroid cancer. The aim of this study was to elucidate the correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression changes induced by the BRAFV600E mutation in thyroid cells.Methods. We used Nthy/BRAF cell lines generated by transfection of Nthy/ori cells with the wild-type BRAF gene (Nthy/WT cells) and the V600E mutant-type BRAF gene (Nthy/V600E cells). We performed gene expression microarray and DNA methylation array analyses for Nthy/WT and Nthy/V600E cells. Two types of array data were integrated to identify inverse correlations between methylation and gene expression. The results were verified in silico using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and in vivo through pyrosequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Results. In the Nthy/V600E cells, 199,821 probes were significantly hypermethylated, and 697 genes showed a “hypermethylation-downregulation” pattern in Nthy/V600E. Tumor suppressor genes and apoptosis-related genes were included. In total, 66,446 probes were significantly hypomethylated, and 227 genes showed a “hypomethylation-upregulation” pattern in Nthy/V600E cells. Protooncogenes and developmental protein-coding genes were included. In the TCGA analysis, 491/697 (70.44%) genes showed a hypermethylation-downregulation pattern, and 153/227 (67.40%) genes showed a hypomethylation-upregulation pattern. Ten selected genes showed a similar methylation-gene expression pattern in pyrosequencing and qRT-PCR.Conclusion. Induction of the BRAFV600E mutation in thyroid cells led to frequent hypermethylation. Anticancer genes, such as those involved in tumor suppression or apoptosis, were downregulated by upstream hypermethylation, whereas carcinogenic genes, such as protooncogenes, were upregulated by hypomethylation. Our results suggest that the BRAFV600E mutation in thyroid cells modulates DNA methylation and results in cancer-related gene expression.
Association Between Breakfast Consumption and Anthropometrically Determined Nutritional Status of Secondary-School Adolescents in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Olatona Foluke Adenike , Oloruntola Oyetola , Adeniyi Oluwafunmilayo , Amu Eyitope
Published: May 2022

Background and Objectives: Breakfast skipping has been associated with obesity among adolescents in some studies but little is known about the relationship between breakfast consumption and obesity among secondary-school adolescents in Nigeria. This study contributes to the empirical literature by analyzing the relationship between breakfast consumption and anthropometrically determined nutritional status of secondary-school adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which multi-stage sampling was used to select 397 secondary-school adolescents (10 to 19 years, mean = 13.8 ± 1.7 years).They were classified into student groups from public or private schools in Lagos. Data were collected using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using Epi-info version 7. The independent variables were the proportion of adolescents who had a high level of knowledge about breakfast consumption, while the outcome variable was the proportion of adolescents who were overweight or obese. World Health Organization (WHO) AnthroPlus software was used to determine the nutritional status of adolescents. Mean and standard deviations were computed for continuous variables, and frequency tables were generated for categorical variables. Significant associations between variables were obtained using Chi-square with the level of significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: Only 17% of the adolescents had good knowledge of breakfast consumption. More than half (57.4%) of the participants ate a daily breakfast. The percentage of adolescents who skipped breakfast was higher among older 16-19 years (52.2%) and middle 13-15 years (43%) than the younger adolescents (34.7%). Girls skipped breakfast more than boys. Most respondents were in the normal Body Mass Index (BMI) ranges for their genders. Prevalence of overweight and obesity were 7.1% and 3.3% among males and 7.1% and 2.8% among females respectively. The mean BMI of those who skipped breakfast (19.33 ± 3.27kg/m2) was significantly higher than the BMI of those who ate breakfast (18.56 ± 3.05 kg/m2) (p=0.019). Most of the adolescents who ate a daily breakfast had mothers who had completed only primary school education although the relationship was not statistically significant (χ2=5, p=0.172).
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Breakfast knowledge was low, while breakfast consumption was average. Adolescents who skipped breakfast had a significantly higher BMI (19.33± 3.27kg/m2) than those who ate breakfast (18.56 ± 3.05 kg/m2) (p=0.019). Nutrition education that emphasizes the importance of breakfast consumption with the purpose of behavioral change should be intensified among adolescents.
 
Copyright © 2022 Olatona et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Comparación de la calidad en la ventilación de socorristas nóveles y veteranos. Un estudio piloto de simulación.
Authors: Aranda García Silvia , Carballo Fazanes Aida , Otero Agra Martín , Fernández Méndez María , Barcala Furelos Martín , Barcala Furelos Roberto
Published: May 2022

Antecedentes: Los socorristas son fundamentales en la reanimación del ahogado en parada cardiorrespiratoria. En las víctimas ahogadas es prioritario administrar oxigenación. Distintas técnicas de administración de ventilaciones se han investigado y hay controversia sobre la más efectiva.
Objetivos: comparar el efecto de la ventilación boca a boca (VBB), ventilación con bolsa y mascarilla (VBM) y ventilación con pocket-mask (VPM) sobre la calidad de RCP entre socorristas recién certificados y socorristas profesionales en activo.
Método: 52 socorristas profesionales (14 recién certificados y 38 en activo sin formación en soporte vital básico (SVB) el último año). Cada socorrista realizó 3 test aleatorizados de RCP en un maniquí Resusci Anne conectado a Wireless SkillReporter (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway) variando la técnica de ventilación: VBB, VBM y VPM. La RCP fue de 4 minutos de duración, por parejas, con un cambio de roles a los 2 minutos, y con el protocolo de ahogados (iniciando por 5 ventilaciones). La calidad global de RCP fue calculada con la fórmula QCPR = (QCT + VVA)/2. Siendo QCT (calidad de posición de manos + ritmo + reexpansión torácica + profundidad) /4 y VVA las ventilaciones administradas con volumen adecuado (500-600ml).
Resultados: Los participantes inexpertos recién certificados alcanzaron resultados mejores en todas las variables analizadas en comparación con los profesionales en activo. Esto incluye la calidad global de la RCP con VBB (50.91±8.41% vs. 35.49±12.06%, p=0.002) y VPM (49.09±4.74% vs. 34.97±9.69%, p<0.001), así como la mayoría de las variables de calidad de las ventilaciones con las 3 técnicas: VBB, VBM y VPM.
Conclusiones: Los socorristas inexpertos recién certificados realizan mejor RCP, incluyendo la ventilación, que los que no han recibido una formación reciente. Es clave la actualización del SVB frecuente en socorristas.
Diseño y validación de contenido de un instrumento de evaluación de la competencia acuática preventiva en jóvenes de 11 y 12 años
Authors: Ortiz Olivar Ana , Moreno Murcia Juan Antonio
Published: May 2022

Antecedentes: El ahogamiento se ubica entre las primeras causas de muertes por lesiones no intencionales en niños de 10 a 14 años a nivel mundial. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (2014) plantea que esta lesión es totalmente prevenible desde intervenciones que promuevan múltiples capas de protección (OMS, 2014). 

Objetivos: Diseñar y dar validez de contenido a un instrumento que permita evaluar las competencias acuáticas preventivas de flotación, propulsión, de orientación asociadas a la autoevaluación y la toma de decisiones en diferentes situaciones en jóvenes de 11 y 12 años.

Método: La validación de contenido se efectuó mediante el acuerdo y consenso de 9 expertos a través de la técnica Delphi. Tras la recogida de las aportaciones por medio del juicio de expertos, se ajustó la escala acorde a las indicaciones y se procedió a una segunda revisión para obtener un coeficiente de Kendall adecuado. La validez de comprensión fue comprobada tras la aplicación de la escala a una muestra independiente de jóvenes. 

Resultados: Se presenta la Escala de Evaluación de la Competencia Acuática Preventiva de 11 a 12 años con una adecuada validez de contenido que evalúa el estado actual de la competencia motriz acuática preventiva, en relación a las competencias subacuáticas, competencias de flotación, competencias de nado y competencias de nado con orientación.

Conclusiones: El instrumento de Evaluación de la Competencia Acuática preventiva permite diferentes expresiones de las competencias acuáticas preventivas brindando un recurso importante para su aplicación en diversos contextos.

Palabras clave: educación acuática, ahogamiento, autoevaluación, prevención, natación, medición.
Drowning. Prevention, rescue, treatment. Second edition.
Authors: Abraldes Valeiras Jose Arturo
Published: May 2022

El ahogamiento es, en general, la segunda causa de muerte a nivel mundial, y primera en franjas de edad más jóvenes, incluso en países más industrializados, suponiendo uno de los mayores riesgos de perecer en una sociedad avanzada como en la que vivimos. Si, como profesionales de las actividades acuáticas, queremos garantizar una actividad segura, debemos ser conocedores y extremar las medidas preventivas para que no se produzcan estos sucesos que terminan en tragedia. Muchos autores, abogamos por una información y formación adecuada como principal medida preventiva para evitar ahogamientos. En este sentido, como profesional de este ámbito, para informarse en estos contenidos, debemos conocer y leer como manual de referencia a nivel mundial el libro titulado Drowning. Prevention, Rescue, Treatment (2nd Edition), editado por Bierens, J. (2014) en la editorial Springer.
Localization of small peripheral pulmonary nodules for surgical resection: a new intraoperative technique in hybrid operating room
Authors: Yu Hanbo , Tian Wenxin , Sun Yaoguang , Wu Qingjun , Ma Chao , Jiao Peng , Huang Chuan , Li Donghang , Tong Hongfeng
Published: May 2022

Objective The purpose of this study was to introduce a new feasible and effective intraoperative localization technique for small peripheral pulmonary nodules in hybrid operating room.Methods Between June 2020 and June 2021, the intraoperative localization was performed in 27 patients for 35 small pulmonary nodules at our institution. The procedure was undergone under thoracoscopic observation. After making the VATS ports, a titanium clip was clipped at the visceral pleura as near the pulmonary nodule as possible to be a marker for the nodule. VATS resection was performed next.Results A total of 27 patients were included in this study, including 6 males and 21 females. The median age was 58 years (range 34-78 years). All surgeries were performed by two-port VATS. A total of 35 pulmonary nodules underwent intraoperative localization. The mean diameter of nodules was 10.6 ± 3.7 mm. The distance of nodules to visceral pleura was 8.3 ± 8.7 mm. The mean localization time was 23.3 ± 3.3 min. The median time of C-arm scanning was 3 (range, 2-4) times. All the nodules were localized successfully and resected precisely. No VATS were converted to thoracotomy. There were no complications related to localization procedures.Conclusions This new intraoperative localization technique was feasible, safe and effective. And also the intraoperative procedure could avoid extra suffering for patients.
Rapid anticalcification treatment for glutaraldehyde-fixed autologous tissue in cardiovascular surgery
Authors: Kaneko Shotaro , Isoda Susumu , Aoyama Toru , Goda Motohiko , Yasuda Shota , Shibuya Taisuke , Matsumura Mai , Mitsui Hideaki , Okudela Koji , Suzuki Shinichi , Machida Daisuke , Masuda Munetaka
Published: May 2022

Background
Glutaraldehyde (GA)-fixed autologous tissues, including the pericardium, are widely used as patches and valve substitutes in cardiovascular surgery. However, the treatment causes tissue calcification. No rapid anticalcification treatment method has been established for use during surgery. Here, we aimed to establish a rapid method for anticalcification treatment.
Methods
Thoracic aorta tissues were first fixed with GA for 3 min, and post-treated with ethanol for 0, 10, 20, and 30 min representing groups 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively; untreated tissues served as the control (group 1). The treated tissues were subdermally implanted into 3-week-old male Wistar rats for 28 days. The calcification level in each explant was evaluated semiquantitatively by annotating and measuring the area using virtual slides; the data were statistically analyzed.
Results
Semiquantitative calcification analysis revealed that the calcification of implants from the untreated group (group 1; P = 0.0014) and groups 4 (P = 0.0014) and 5 (P = 0.0031) was significantly lower than that from group 2. Meanwhile, implants from group 3 showed a tendency towards decreased calcification, although this was not significant (P = 0.0503).
Conclusions
A rapid ethanol treatment might prevent the calcification of GA-fixed tissues in a rat model of subdermal implantation. This method may facilitate an effective and rapid anticalcification treatment of autologous tissues for use during cardiovascular surgery.
Association between Duddingtonia flagrans, Dimethylsulfoxide and Ivermectin for the control of Rhabditis spp. in cattle
Authors: Sobral Samilla Alves , Ferraz Carolina Magri , Souza Rômulo Inácio Lopes , Queiroz Luanderson Mendes , Reinó Natália , Junior Otavio Luiz Fidelis , Tobias Fernando Luiz , Correia José Antônio Lima , de Araújo Jackson Victor , Vilela Vinícius Longo Ribeiro , Soares Filippe Elias Freitas , Braga Fabio Ribeiro
Published: May 2022

Cattle parasitic otitis caused by the nematode Rhabditis spp. is a serious health problem in Brazil, since it does not have an effective control. In vitro studies associating biological control and chemical control as an alternative method showed promising results. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the combined use of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), 10% dimethylsulfoxide and 1.87% Ivermectin for the in vivo control of Rhabditis spp., in naturally infected Gyr cattle. For this purpose, 48 animals, whose infection in both ears was diagnosed, were randomly assigned to 6 groups: Group 1 (Ivermectin 1.87%); Group 2 (10% dimethylsulfoxide); Group 3 (AC001); Group 4 (Ivermectin 1.87% + dimethylsulfoxide 10%); Group 5 (1.87% Ivermectin + AC001); Group 6 (10% dimethylsulfoxide + AC001). The treatments were performed in a single dose, in the right ears, with the left ears remaining untreated, as a control group. There was a significant reduction (p<0.01) in the recovery of nematodes in the treated groups in relation to the control, with the following best efficacies: Groups 1 and 2, 47% and 52.9%, respectively, seven days after treatment; Groups 3, 4 and 5, 47.8%, 48.6% and 36.7%, respectively, 14 days post-treatment; Group 6, 38.4%, 21 days post-treatment. It was concluded that the combination of chemical compounds and D. flagrans in a single application were effective for the in vivo control of Rhabditis spp. in naturally infected cattle.
Optimization of antimicrobial conditions and isolation of antimicrobial substances from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X8
Authors: wang weixin , Liu Youhua , Xing Shaopeng , Zhao Mingguang , Wang Rui , Xu Weikang , Yang Qiaoqiao , Li Liantai
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This study sought to employ the response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate factors that affect Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X8 bacteriostasis.
Methods
Design Expert 8.0.6 was used to perform multiple regression fitting and create antimicrobial mathematical models to optimize the antimicrobial effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X8. A Shodex Protein KW-2004 gel column and a C18 column coupled with a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system were used to separate and purify the antimicrobial substances extracted from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X8 (X8-AS). An Agilent 6410 Triple Quad LC/MS system and Nicolet-is10 system were used to analyze X8-AS via liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and infrared spectroscopy (IR).
Results
The results demonstrated that the optimum antimicrobial conditions for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X8 (at which antimicrobial activity was increased by 22.3%) were pH 6, 30 ℃, and 36 h of incubation.
Conclusion
The results showed that the relative molecular weight of X8-AS was 1413.5 Da. After searching through the infrared spectrum material library, X8-AS was found to be highly similar to chondroitin sulfate.
Assessment of groundwater suitability for irrigation in coastal-arid zone (Tunisian SE) using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), GIS tools and water quality index
Authors: Abdelkarim Bilel , Telahigue Faten , Abaab Nabil , Boudabra Belgacem , Agoubi Belgacem
Published: May 2022

In southern Tunisia especially in Gabes region, Irrigated agriculture is the major economic sector. The intensive exploitation of groundwater have been gradually rising, leading the water quality to deteriorate. To ensure sustainable development and preserve water, soil and land cover resources, a careful estimation of the irrigation water quality, which influence on the regional agriculture activities. The objective of this study is to investigate the irrigation water suitability based on hydrogeological; hydrochemical and analytic hierarchy approach (AHP) and water quality index (WQI). Results highlighted that TDS of the groundwater ranged from 0.4 to 7 g/L. The most abundant chemical species in the water were Ca2+, Cl−, SO42−, and Na+, with mean concertation of 460mg/l, 1320 mg/l, 1450 mg/l and 1200mg/L, respectively. The largest amounts were discovered along the shoreline and in deep aquifers embedded in cretaceous sediments. AHP has used as multicriteria decision analysis, to weighting groundwater quality criteria, and groundwater suitability for irrigation has been mapped. Based on the Quality index “WQI” the water samples are categorized into three types: excellent, acceptable, and worthless. A 45% of sampled water is not suitable for irrigation use. However, groundwater quality is increasingly poor towards the coastal areas and north of the study area. This study concluded that the method adopted in assessing the groundwater quality in arid coastal areas led to important results and could be helpful scholar to improve their research especially in similar areas. It can also assist decision makers in taking proactive solutions to protect and preserve groundwater resources from pollution risks.
Evaluation of home-based Naturopathic Telehealth clinic: an innovative model implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shew Tracelee , Smith Catherine , Connolly Greg , McLachlan Craig
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic in Australia disrupted usual clinical training placements for naturopathic students. An innovative, remote Telehealth model was developed and implemented. This pilot study evaluates student and educator learning and teaching experiences in Telehealth. A survey assessed Likert and qualitative written responses to student and staff interaction with the Telehealth clinic. ResultsNine student and 12 educator responses were included in the analysis. All students positively rated Telehealth training resources and the educator support provided. Students rated the Telehealth learning experience as ‘very good’ (78%) or ‘good’ (22%) with educator ratings of ‘very good’ (67%) or ‘good’ (33%). Thematic analysis of student written responses showed increased client diversity, collaboration, peer learning, increased feedback, and improved digital and technology skills. Virtual physical examination and infrastructure limitations were reported as Telehealth clinical practicum challenges.Naturopathic Telehealth clinic practicum is a valuable alternative to in-person clinical practicums for Australian students. It enhances student collaboration and peer learning. Challenges of technology, infrastructure and incorporating Telehealth in curriculum may be barriers to implementation of Telehealth. However, Telehealth is an important clinical training option to prepare student practitioners for contemporary professional practice if in-person consultation is prohibitive, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic.
PLAGL2 Is a Prognostic Biomarker in Stomach cancer：A Comprehensive Study Based on Bioinformatics and Experiments
Authors: Wang Lin , Yan Li , Zhou Zili
Published: May 2022

Background：Polymorphic adenoma-like protein 2 (PLAGL2), a zinc finger protein, has been linked to the advancement of serval-type malignancies. However, the relevance of PLAGL2 to the prognosis and regulatory networks of different cancers remains unclear. Methods：The expression of PLAGL2 was explored through Oncomine, TIMER and SangerBox websites. The relationship between PLAGL2 expression and prognosis in various cancers was analyzed through the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database and the PrognoScan databases. The expression of PLAGL2 in several immunological and molecular subtypes of human cancer was evaluated through the TISIDB database. The differentially expressed genes associated with PLAGL2 was explored through LinkedOmics database. The relationship between PLAGL2 expression and clinicopathological features in STAD was explored through the UALCAN database. The expression of PLAGL2 in STAD specimens was analyzed through western blot and IHC. The function of PLAGL2 in STAD was explored through the CCK8 test and the colony formation test. Results：In this study we found that PLAGL2 was overexpressed in most types of cancer and overexpression of PLAGL2 might predicted a poor prognosis in STAD. Next, we investigated PLAGL2 expression in several immunological and molecular subtypes and found that PLAGL2 expression differs considerably across immunological subtypes and molecular subtypes of most cancer types. Our research also shows that the expression of PLAGL2 is correlated with various immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive cytokines. We also analyzed the PLAGL2 co-expression network, and evaluated the prognostic potential of genes positive co-expression with PLAGL2 in STAD through Kaplan-Meier plotter. The results show that most of co-expression genes have a significant effect on the prognosis. We further designed experiments to explore the function of PLAGL2 in STAD. Consistent with previous studies, PLAGL2 was significantly overexpressed in STAD tissues compared with that of adjacent normal tissues. And PLAGL2 can promote the proliferation of STAD cells both in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions: Our findings showed that data mining successfully identifies PLAGL2 expression and putative regulatory networks in STAD, laying the groundwork for additional research into the function of PLAGL2 in carcinogenesis.
A combination of Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor with the R2 regimen in elderly high-risk B cell lymphoma maintenance therapy improves survival by modulating natural killer cells
Authors: Sun Shunrong , fulati Wulipan , Shen Lin , Wu Min , Huang Zilan , Qian Wensi , Chen Pingping , Hu Yingwei , Chen Mingyue , Xu Yu , Zhang Hongdi , Ma Jiexian , Xie Yanhui
Published: May 2022

Background
The clinical outcome of B-cell lymphoma has improved dramatically due to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and biological agents. However, treatment of high-risk B cell lymphoma in the elderly remains a challenge because of their ineligibility for HSCT, high mortality and relapse rates. Maintenance therapy to improve the prognosis of B cell lymphoma in the elderly might be feasible.
Methods
We analyzed the efficacy of a combination of human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) with the R2 regimen in maintenance therapy in high-risk B cell lymphoma in the elderly of our center. A total of 83 elderly patients, who were ineligible for auto-HSCT and had a response after 6 cycles of induction therapy above a partial response, were divided into two groups: observation (n = 44) and R2 + GM-CSF (n = 39) by enrollment time.
Results
The clinical data, survival outcome, and the number of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed and compared. The numbers of lymphocytes (1.19 × 109/L vs. 1.03 × 109/L, P = 0.0062) and leukocyte (6.46 × 109/L vs. 4.85×109/L, P = 0.0048) increased after receipt of maintenance therapy, particularly the number of natural killer cells (0.131 × 109/L vs. 0.061 × 109/L, P = 0.0244). Patients receiving R2 + GM-CSF for maintenance had longer-term remission (duration of response (DOR): 18.9 months vs. 11.3 months, P = 0.001), and longer-term progression free survival (PFS) (not reached (NR) vs. 31.7 months, P = 0.037), and overall survival (OS) (NR vs. NR, P = 0.015). The new R2 regimen was safe and well tolerated. The elderly, high-risk, and high tumor burden seemed to have tendency to be independent prognostic factors for a better PFS (P = 0.060, 0.012, 0.005).
Conclusions
The new R2 regimen prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival among elderly patients with high-risk B cell lymphoma, appeared to lead to improve response without compromising its tolerability profile in elderly patients who are ineligible to receive HSCT. The number of patients in this trial was limited and the conclusions should be verified in larger, prospective, multicenter studies.
Retrospectively registered:
The ethical committee of Huadong Hospital (approval number: 2021K186).