bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of research hotspots and visualizations of nurses' professional quality of life
Authors: Wang Limei , Zhang Jing
Published: August 2023

Objective To explore which key countries, institutions, and authors have conducted professional quality of life research for nurses and further explore the collaborative networks and elements of cooperation between them. In addition, co-occurrence analysis was used to identify influential countries, institutions, and authors. Keyword frequency analysis, co-occurrence analysis, keyword clustering analysis, and visual representation were used to analyze the current status, hotspots, and trends of research in this field, and predict future research directions.
Methods The data source of the literature related to nurses’ professional quality of life (ProQOL) in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database over the past ten years was analyzed using Excel and CiteSpace version 6.2 R2 analysis tools for the number of publications, institutions, countries, keywords, literature co-citation, and clustering.
Results Screening within the search to include 181 pieces of literature related to nurses’ ProQOL revealed that the overall volume of publications is a fluctuating growth trend, mainly in the United States, China, and other countries, and the key institutions are Chung Ang University and Sichuan University. According to the cluster analysis presenting ten clusters, the research hotspots of the study in the past decade were mainly compassionate fatigue, compassionate satisfaction, and secondary trauma response.
Conclusion The future direction of research on nurses’ professional quality of life may be to explore the balance between compassion fatigue (CF) and compassion satisfaction (CS), and the relevant influences and interventions on professional quality of life.
Winter Stem Cutting Propagation of ‘Dwarf Burford’ Holly without Use of a Conventional Auxin Treatment
Authors: Blythe Eugene K. , Sibley Jeff L.
Published: August 2023

‘Dwarf Burford’ holly (Ilex cornuta ‘Dwarf Burford’) is a significant nursery crop and is widely used in landscapes in U.S. Department of Agriculture hardiness zones 7 to 9. Stem cuttings can be rooted at multiple times during the year, provided cutting wood is sufficiently mature, with auxin treatments traditionally used to encourage rooting. This study was conducted to determine if auxin treatment could be eliminated, thus reducing labor and chemical requirements in the cutting propagation process. In three experiments, terminal stem cuttings of ‘Dwarf Burford’ holly were taken in winter, prepared with and without use of a basal quick-dip in an auxin solution, and rooted in a warm, high-humidity environment. Rooting percentages for nontreated cuttings and cuttings treated with 2500 ppm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) + 1250 ppm 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were similar, while treatment of cuttings with 5000 ppm IBA + 2500 ppm NAA resulted in a decrease in rooting percentage. The number of primary roots and total root length were similar among the three treatments, except in one experiment where total root length was greater with auxin-treated cuttings than with nontreated cuttings. Initial shoot growth responses were variable among the three experiments. The treatment of cuttings with auxin was not required for successful rooting and can be eliminated from the process for winter stem cutting propagation of ‘Dwarf Burford’ holly.
The Landscape Performance of Annual Bedding Plants Grown in Pine Tree Substrate
Authors: Wright Robert D. , Jackson Brian E. , Barnes Michael C. , Browder Jake F.
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the landscape performance of annual bedding plants grown in a ground pine tree substrate (PTS) produced from loblolly pine trees (Pinus taeda) or in ground pine bark (PB) when transplanted into the landscape and grown at three different fertilizer rates. Begonia (Begonia ×semperflorens-cultorum) ‘Cocktail Vodka’, coleus (Solenostemen scutellarioides) ‘Kingswood Torch’, impatiens (Impatiens walleriana) ‘Dazzler White’, marigold (Tagetes erecta) ‘Bonanza Yellow’, petunia (Petunia ×hybrid) ‘Wave Purple’, salvia (Salvia splendens) ‘Red Hot Sally’, and vinca (Catharanthus roseus) ‘Cooler Pink’ were evaluated in 2005, and begonia ‘Cocktail Whiskey’, marigold ‘Inca Gold’, salvia ‘Red Hot Sally’, and vinca ‘Cooler Pink’ were evaluated in 2006 and 2007. Landscape fertilizer rates were 1 lb/1000 ft2 nitrogen (N) in 2005 and 0, 1, and 2 lb/1000 ft2 N in 2006 and 2007. Visual observations throughout each year indicated that all species, whether grown in PTS or PB, had comparable foliage quality in the landscape trial beds during the growing period. With few exceptions, dry weight and plant size for all species increased with increasing fertilizer additions, regardless of the substrate in which the plants were grown. For the unfertilized treatment, when comparing plant dry weight between PB and PTS for each species and for each year (eight comparisons), PTS-grown plant dry weight was less than PB-grown plants in three out of the eight comparisons. However, there were fewer differences in plant dry weight between PTS- and PB-grown plants when fertilizer was applied (PTS-grown plants were smaller than PB-grown plants in only 2 of the 16 comparisons: four species, two fertilizer rates, and 2 years), indicating that N immobilization may be somewhat of an issue, but not to the extent expected. Therefore, the utilization of PTS as a substrate for the production of landscape annuals may be acceptable in the context of landscape performance.
Pecan Orchard Damage and Recovery from Ice Storms
Authors: Smith Michael W. , Rohla Charles T.
Published: August 2023

Typical damage, cleanup, and recovery from four ice storms beginning in Dec. 2000, with the latest in Dec. 2007, are reported for pecan (Carya illinoinensis). Damage levels were amplified as radial ice accretion increased. Cultivar affected the amount of damage incurred. Trees less than 15 ft tall typically had the least damage. Trees 15 to 30 ft tall incurred as much or more damage than larger trees and cleanup costs were greater. Production potential was directly related to canopy loss during the first growing season. The time to recover full production potential varied with the severity of canopy loss. Cleanup costs depended upon the amount of canopy damage incurred, tree spacing, tree size, and the amount of pruning needed to remove hanging and damaged limbs from the tree.
Flower and Seed Production of Norway Maple Cultivars
Authors: Conklin Janine R. , Sellmer James C.
Published: August 2023

Mature specimens of the norway maple (Acer platanoides) and cultivars Columnare, Crimson King, Emerald Queen, Faasen's Black, Globosum, and Rubrum were evaluated over a 3-year period to determine flower and seed production and to understand their invasive potential using seed yields. Flower and seed yield data were collected each year and were used to estimate whether differences existed among cultivars and if variation in these traits occurred from year to year. For this study, it was observed that norway maple cultivars differed in annual flower and seed yield and that production varied from year to year. ‘Columnare’, ‘Emerald Queen’, and the species produced many seeds, which suggest that these plants may be problematic in landscapes that adjoin natural areas. In contrast, ‘Crimson King’, ‘Globosum’, ‘Faasen's Black’, and ‘Rubrum’ were relatively low in seed yield, which make them suitable alternatives for landscape use where invasiveness is a concern to surrounding communities.
Methods to Improve the Rooting of Hardwood Cuttings of the ‘Gisela 5’ Cherry Rootstock
Authors: Exadaktylou Efstathia , Thomidis Thomas , Grout Brian , Zakynthinos George , Tsipouridis Constantinos
Published: August 2023

The effect of external factors on the rooting of hardwood cuttings of the ‘Gisela 5’ cherry rootstock (Prunus cerasus × Prunus canescens) was studied. Experiments were conducted with cuttings of different lengths (15, 20, 25, and 30 cm) and diameters (6 to 8, 9 to 11, and 12 to 14 mm) and with different indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 g·L−1). Significantly improved rooting was achieved using cuttings 20 cm long and 9 to 11 mm in diameter collected in November or March from the upper part of the parent shoot and subsequently quick-dipped in 1 g·L−1 IBA solution. Cuttings placed vertically in perlite:peat (1:1) or perlite with bottom heat gave the best rooting percentage. No effect on callusing or rooting of cuttings was found after incubation of cutting in suspensions of Agrobacterium rubi. If the optimal combination of factors is selected, ‘Gisela 5’ can be propagated from hardwood cuttings with a rooting efficiency of ≈50%.
Effects of Citric Acid, Sucrose, and Proton Concentration in Suppressing Defoliation in Hibiscus Plants Grown under Low-illumination Conditions
Authors: Zhang L. , Livingstone J.R. , Tarui Y. , Hirasawa E.
Published: August 2023

Potted young hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis ‘Italian Red’) plants were placed in a postharvest environment under low-illumination conditions in a room from 22 July to 31 Dec. 2003. On treatment with a mineral nutrition (MN) solution, 19% of their leaves remained intact after 8 weeks, but all the leaves were lost after 12 weeks from the time of placement. Incorporation of citric acid (CA) into the MN solution at a final concentration of 5 mm considerably suppressed the defoliation so that 57% of the leaves remained intact after 8 weeks and 53% did so after 12 weeks from the time of placement. Furthermore, treatment with 3% sucrose (SUC) instead of CA also considerably suppressed the defoliation, with 26% of the leaves remaining intact for more than 8 weeks and 20% remaining intact for more than 12 weeks. Neither the CA nor the SUC solution was effective in maintaining the hibiscus plants for more than 20 weeks under low illumination. However, treatment with MN solution containing CA and SUC was highly effective in suppressing defoliation. About 60% of the leaves on the plants that were treated with the solution were retained for the entire 24-week period. The proton concentration of the organic solution was found to be a critical factor that affected plant maintenance. The plants survived only on treatment with a solution of pH 5.0, but not with one with a pH of 6.0 or 7.0.
Alternative Management of Roadside Vegetation
Authors: Barker Allen V. , Prostak Randall G.
Published: August 2023

Management of vegetation is an important element of roadside maintenance for safety and aesthetics. Current methods of management by highway departments principally involve mowing and the use of conventional, chemical herbicides. This research addressed use of herbicides (citric acid, clove oil, corn gluten meal, and pelargonic acid) that are considered as alternatives to conventional herbicides and the use of mechanical treatments of woodchip and bark mulches and burning. These alternative methods were compared with the use of conventional herbicides to assess the relative efficacy of treatments on roadside sites. A single application of pelargonic acid demonstrated immediate or short-term suppression of growth of vegetation; however, the efficacy lasted for no more than 6 weeks, after which regrowth was not distinguishable from untreated vegetation. Repeated applications of pelargonic acid will be necessary for season-long efficacy. Formulations of citric-acetic acid gave no control or only weak suppression of vegetative growth soon after application, and no suppression was evident after 6 weeks, suggesting that these materials have only limited use in roadside environments. The effects of burning lasted for about 6 weeks. No suppression of growth of roadside vegetation occurred with the use of corn gluten meal, which acted as a nitrogen fertilizer to promote growth. Mulches of bark or woodchips were strongly suppressive against emerging vegetation for 2 years, but were more effective in the first year than in the second year after application. The costs of materials and labor for the alternative practices were substantially more than for the conventional herbicides used in this study.
The Effect of Time of Sweetpotato Whitefly Infestation on Plant Nutrition and Development of Tomato Irregular Ripening Disorder
Authors: McKenzie Cindy L. , Albano Joseph P.
Published: August 2023

Tomato irregular ripening (TIR) disorder is associated with sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) biotype B feeding and is characterized by incomplete ripening of longitudinal sections of fruit. Our objective was to determine the effect of time of sweetpotato whitefly infestation on plant nutrition and the development of TIR disorder. Healthy tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum ‘Florida Lanai’) were introduced to sweetpotato whitefly infestations at different developmental stages of plant growth: 1) five to seven true leaves, 2) flower, 3) green fruit, and 4) breaking red fruit and were compared with noninfested control plants of the same age. Plants were fertilized every 7 to 14 days. Plant nutrition was monitored over time between the noninfested control and the longest infestation interval (five to seven true leaves) and between all infestation intervals at harvest. Sweetpotato whitefly (egg, nymph, and adult) and plant parameters (height, canopy diameter, number of leaves, flowers, and fruit per plant) were taken every 7 to 14 days after sweetpotato whitefly infestation. Almost all of the fruit (99%) produced by tomato plants infested with sweetpotato whitefly at stages 1 and 2 (78 and 56 days of sweetpotato whitefly exposure, respectively) developed TIR with fruit exhibiting internal and external symptoms. Plants infested at stage 3 (35 days of sweetpotato whitefly exposure) had 79% to 80% of the fruit develop TIR. Surprisingly, 58% of fruit from plants infested at stage 4 (14 days of sweetpotato whitefly exposure) also developed the disorder, indicating that tomatoes may need to be protected from sweetpotato whitefly until harvest to avoid this disorder. Seed germination was unaffected by TIR. Plants infested with sweetpotato whitefly had mean foliar levels of calcium, copper, iron, phosphorous, potassium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc that were greater than in noninfested control plants at final harvest for both studies, regardless of time of infestation.
Cover Crop and Herbicide Combinations for Weed Control in Polyethylene-mulched Bell Pepper
Authors: Bangarwa Sanjeev K. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Gbur Edward E.
Published: August 2023

Field trials were conducted in 2006 and 2007 to evaluate the performance of ‘Caliente’ mustard cover crop and herbicide combinations for weed control in polyethylene-mulched bell pepper (Capsicum annuum). ‘Caliente’ mustard is a blend of brown mustard (Brassica juncea) and white mustard (Sinapis alba). Herbicide treatments included 1/2× and 1× rates of two pre-emergence (PRE) and two postdirected (PD) herbicides. PRE herbicides were applied 1 week before transplanting, whereas PD herbicides were applied at 4 to 5 weeks after transplanting. ‘Caliente’ mustard did not supplement weed control or improve bell pepper yield in herbicide-treated plots. There was a significant herbicide selection by application rate interaction for large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) control and bell pepper yield, but only the main effect of herbicide selection and application rate affected the control of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus), and palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). Bell pepper injury was not more than 9% from all herbicides and application rates. Except for large crabgrass, control of all weed species improved by increasing the application rate from 1/2× to 1×. S-metolachlor PRE provided more broad-spectrum weed control than other herbicides. Halosulfuron applied PRE or PD was selective to purple nutsedge and yellow nutsedge, whereas trifloxysulfuron performed better than halosulfuron on palmer amaranth and large crabgrass. Plots treated with the 1× rate of S-metolachlor or trifloxysulfuron produced the highest marketable bell pepper yield among the herbicide treatments, but no herbicide treatment allowed for marketable yield equivalent to the weed-free treatment.
Yields of Organically Grown Sweet Pepper Cultivars and Lines during the Hot-wet and Cool-dry Season in the Tropics
Authors: Juroszek Peter , Tsai Hsing-Hua
Published: August 2023

Organic production is considered by many researchers to be a viable alternative to conventional farming systems. Equivalent yields already have been demonstrated in several studies. The major objective of our study was to collect data on total and marketable fruit yields of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) under organic farming conditions in the tropics. Experiments were conducted during the hot-wet season from 7 Mar. 2007 to 30 July 2007 and during the cool-dry season from 27 Nov. 2007 to 7 Apr. 2008. The six experimental entries included four commercial F1 hybrids and two genotypes bred at AVRDC–The World Vegetable Center (Shanhua, Taiwan). During the hot-wet season, high total (44.6–55.7 t·ha−1) and marketable yields (36.9–45.6 t·ha−1) were achieved under organic farming conditions in the open field similar to yields of conventionally produced sweet pepper in previous field experiments at AVRDC. The total yield of the commercial cultivars Queen Star and Hercules exceeded 50 t·ha−1; however, this was not significantly different compared with the other trial entries. During the cool-dry season, the total (25.4–45.7 t·ha−1) and marketable yields (21.1–37.8 t·ha−1) of all trial entries were reduced, probably because the relatively late planting date in November and relatively low air temperature resulted in reduced fruit set. The commercial cultivars Andalus and Green Bell Improved realized in both seasons a total fruit yield of more than 40.0 t·ha−1, suggesting that these can be grown successfully in hot-wet and cool-dry seasons. The relatively high yields of sweet pepper achieved on-station under tropical climatic conditions may encourage farmers and agricultural stakeholders to consider organic farming approaches as a viable alternative to conventional farming systems.
A Comparison of Rapid Potentiometric and Colorimetric Methods for Measuring Tissue Nitrate Concentrations in Leafy Green Vegetables
Authors: Ott-Borrelli Kristy A. , Koenig Richard T. , Miles Carol A.
Published: August 2023

Leafy green vegetables such as lettuce (Lactuca sativa), Asian greens (Brassica spp.) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) have a tendency to accumulate high concentrations of potentially harmful nitrate–nitrogen (NO3-N). It would be advantageous for growers to have rapid and inexpensive methods to accurately measure plant tissue NO3-N to make fertility and harvest management decisions for these crops. This study compared fresh sap expressed from whole leaves and analyzed with a Cardy meter with the analysis of dry leaf tissue extracts analyzed with a benchtop ion selective electrode (ISE) and an automated colorimetric method for determining NO3-N concentration. Results from ISE and colorimetric analysis of the same dry leaf tissue extracts had a strong relationship (r2 = 0.92). The ISE was relatively easy to operate and affordable, suggesting it is an adequate substitute for automated colorimetric analysis of dry plant tissue extracts. Results of fresh whole leaf sap analyzed with the Cardy meter showed a poor relationship with dry leaf tissue extracted and analyzed using the ISE (r2 = 0.25) or with colorimetric analysis (r2 = 0.21). When fresh whole leaf sap was diluted 1:1 with aluminum sulfate [Al2(SO4)3] to adjust for potential matrix effects, there was still a relatively poor relationship (r2 = 0.41) between the diluted sap samples analyzed with a Cardy meter and the dry leaf tissue extracted and analyzed with the ISE. When the same dry leaf tissue extracts were analyzed with the Cardy meter and the ISE, the results related well (r2 = 0.96). As a result of tissue processing and/or instrument differences, Cardy meter analysis of sap expressed from whole leaves was not comparable to ISE or colorimetric analyses of dry leaf tissue extracts for leafy green vegetables.
Fungicide Seed Treatment Effects on Seed-borne Ascochyta rabiei in Chickpea
Authors: Wise Kiersten A. , Henson Robert A. , Bradley Carl A.
Published: August 2023

A chickpea (Cicer arietinum) seedlot, naturally infected with Ascochyta rabiei, was sorted into two lots of asymptomatic and symptomatic, based on visual symptoms observed. A laboratory assay showed 16% A. rabiei infection in asymptomatic seeds, while symptomatic seeds had 73% infection. Asymptomatic and symptomatic seeds were treated with different fungicides to determine their effects on seedling emergence from soil and on ascochyta blight development in seedlings grown in a growth chamber and in the field at Fargo and Carrington, ND, in 2006. The emergence of seedlings grown from asymptomatic seeds was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) greater than the emergence of seedlings grown from symptomatic seeds in the growth chamber and field trials. Fungicides were able to increase plant emergence from symptomatic seeds when compared with a control in the growth chamber trials. In the growth chamber trials, the treatment with a mixture of metalaxyl + thiabendazole + ipconazole + azoxystrobin was the most effective at slowing the development of disease on plants from symptomatic seeds. This research reinforces the importance of seed health testing and fungicide seed treatments as part of an ascochyta blight management program.
In-row Distance in Triploid Miniwatermelon Cultivars Affects Yield and Quality in Diverse Environments in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Hassell Richard L. , Schultheis Jonathan R. , Jester Wilfred R. , Olson Stephen M. , Miller Gilbert A.
Published: August 2023

The goals of these studies were to determine how miniwatermelon (Citrullus lanatus) cultivars differed and responded to plant in-row spacing in terms of percentage of marketable fruit and yields, and if plant spacing impacted internal fruit quality. Three genetically diverse triploid miniwatermelon cultivars (Mohican, Petite Perfection, and Xite) were selected. These cultivars were evaluated in field locations at northern Florida (Quincy), central South Carolina (Blackville), coastal South Carolina (Charleston), and eastern North Carolina (Kinston) at five within-row distances. Within-row distance included 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 inches. All plots were15 ft long with row middles 9 ft apart. Fruit were categorized as marketable if they weighed between 3.1 and 9.0 lb per fruit. Within this range further categories were divided as follows: ≤3.0 lb (cull), 3.1 to 5.0 lb (small), 5.1 to 7.0 lb (average), 7.1 to 9.0 lb (large), and ≥9.1 lb (cull). There was a cultivar by location interaction, suggesting that the three cultivars responded differently at each of the four locations. ‘Petite Perfection’ was among the highest yielding at all locations except Quincy, where it was the lowest yielding cultivar. As with total yields, the percentage of marketable fruit was similar for some cultivars across locations. Cultivar Petite Perfection produced the highest percentage of marketable fruit at three of the four locations. The exception was the Quincy site where ‘Xite’ had the highest percentage of marketable fruit. Within-row plant distances and populations affected total marketable yield, both for fruit weight and number per plant, regardless of cultivar and location. As the plant population increased from eight plants per plot (21-inch in-row spacing) to 12 plants per plot (15-inch in-row spacing), total marketable miniwatermelon fruit yields increased in total fruit number as well as total weight. There was a cultivar by location interaction for the percentage of soluble solids and the rind thickness measurements, suggesting that some cultivars responded differently at each of the four locations. Quality effects were more apparent with ‘Mohican’ and ‘Xite’, as they were more responsive to location than ‘Petite Perfection’.
Postharvest Evaluation of Cut Dahlia, Linaria, Lupine, Poppy, Rudbeckia, Trachelium, and Zinnia
Authors: Dole John M. , Viloria Zenaida , Fanelli Frankie L. , Fonteno William
Published: August 2023

Vase life of ‘Karma Thalia’ dahlia (Dahlia ×hybrida), ‘Lace Violet’ linaria (Linaria maroccana), ‘Sunrise’ lupine (Lupinus hartwegii ssp. cruickshankii), ‘Temptress’ poppy (Papaver nudicaule), ‘Indian Summer’ rudbeckia (Rudbeckia ×hybrida), ‘Jemmy Royal Purple’ trachelium (Trachelium caeruleum), and ‘Benary's Giant Scarlet’ and ‘Sun Gold’ zinnias (Zinnia elegans) was determined after being subjected to postharvest handling procedures. Cut dahlia, lupine, poppy, rudbeckia, trachelium, and ‘Sun Gold’ and ‘Benary's Giant Scarlet’ zinnia flowers could be held in unamended tap or deionized (DI) water with no effect on vase life. Vase life of linaria was longest when placed in DI water with 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate and a solution pH of 3.5. A vase solution of 2% sucrose without foam extended consumer vase lives for linaria, trachelium, and ‘Benary's Giant Scarlet’ zinnia. Floral foam or 2% or 4% sucrose had no effect on the consumer vase life of dahlia, lupine, rudbeckia, and poppy. Trachelium and rudbeckia did not tolerate a 20% sucrose treatment for 24 h, whereas linaria and ‘Benary's Giant Scarlet’ zinnia had a longer vase life with a 10% sucrose pulse than a water-only pulse. For trachelium, the longest (17.5 days) consumer vase life occurred when the Chrysal Professional 2 Processing solution (CP2) was used after pretreatment with DI water. Either of two commercial holding solutions, CP2 or Floralife Professional (FLP), similarly extended the vase life of linaria. The use of FLP or CP2 improved consumer vase life of dahlia, lupine, and poppy compared with DI water. Dahlia, trachelium, and zinnia flowers could not be cold stored at 2 °C. Lupine and poppy could be stored at 2 °C wet or dry for 2 weeks. Linaria and rudbeckia could be cold stored for 3 weeks. Lupine and trachelium were susceptible to 1 μL·L−1 exogenous ethylene, which induced floret abscission in lupine and stopped floret opening in trachelium. 1-Methylcyclopropene and silver thiosulfate similarly suppressed the ethylene effect. Cut linaria, zinnia, dahlia, rudbeckia, and poppy flowers were unaffected by exogenous ethylene.
Evaluation of ‘AU-Performance’ Watermelon for Its Response to Virus Inoculation
Authors: Murphy John F. , Dane Fenny
Published: August 2023

The watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus) ‘AU-Performance’ was developed for resistance to multiple fungal pathogens and the plant virus, zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). A greenhouse-based evaluation was carried out to determine the response of ‘AU-Performance’ to inoculation with three important cucurbit (Cucurbitaceae) viruses in the genus Potyvirus: papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), and ZYMV. The evaluation included the resistant parent (PI595203), the susceptible parent (‘AU-Producer’), and varieties AU-Allsweet and Charleston Gray. Each of the three viruses systemically infected ‘AU-Performance’ with 100% infection and development of characteristic systemic symptoms. The susceptible parent (‘AU-Producer’), ‘AU-Allsweet’, and ‘Charleston Gray’ responded similarly with 100% infection and systemic symptoms. In contrast, the resistant parent (PI595203) was resistant to WMV and ZYMV; however, PRSV-inoculated plants developed a systemic infection with accompanied symptoms and high levels of PRSV accumulation in noninoculated leaves. PI595203 was shown in previous studies to be resistant to PRSV. We show in this report that under greenhouse conditions and application of virus by mechanical inoculation, ‘AU-Performance’ was not resistant to infection by the three potyviruses.
Brushing Using a Hand Coated with Body Lotion or in a Latex Glove Decreases African Violet Plant Quality and Size
Authors: Brotton Julia C. , Cole Janet C.
Published: August 2023

Plants of two cultivars of african violet (Saintpaulia ionantha), ‘Michigan’ and ‘Gisela’, were brushed for 30 or 90 seconds three times per week for 5 weeks with a gloved or nongloved hand to which body lotion had been applied. ‘Michigan’ damage rating and size was more affected by brushing than was ‘Gisela’. Brushing generally increased the damage rating and decreased plant size compared with not brushing. Plants brushed with a gloved hand had lower damage ratings and were larger than those brushed with a nongloved, lotioned hand. Plants brushed for 30 seconds had lower damage ratings and were generally larger than those brushed for 90 seconds. Brushing leaves of african violets, particularly with a hand to which body lotion has been applied, is not recommended because repeated brushing can decrease plant quality and size.
Eficiencia de los métodos de diagnóstico de la preñez en el desempeño reproductivo de bovinos: Meta-análisis
Authors: Vindrola Muñóz Natalia Sofia , Mellisho Salas Edwin Alberto
Published: August 2023

Los métodos de diagnóstico de preñez temprana tradicionales son la palpación rectal (PR) o la ultrasonografía transrectal (TRUS) antes de los días 35-45 post IA. Existen pruebas alternativas como la prueba de progesterona (P4), la glicoproteína asociada a la preñez (PAG) y los genes estimulados por interferón (ISG). Con el objetivo de determinar el método de diagnóstico de preñez con más precisión y con mayor similitud en comparación con la palpación rectal o ultrasonido (gold standard). Se realizó un enfoque estático utilizando un meta-análisis de efectos aleatorios que incluía cuatro métodos de detección temprana de gestación. Un resultado reproductivo de interés fue la precisión de diagnóstico de vacas preñadas para cada método. Todos los resultados nos muestran relación de probabilidades (OR) superior a 1, lo que significa que existe una mayor probabilidad de detectar vacas preñadas utilizando estas metodologías en lugar del estándar de oro. Aunque, el único método con un resultado significativo (p<0,05) es la prueba P4. Como el valor de OR supera 1, significa que el método evaluado detecta con más precisiones vacas preñadas en comparación con el patrón oro. Esta diferencia numérica significaría que todos los animales diagnosticados inicialmente como positivos (vacas gestantes) o sufrieron mortalidad embrionaria/fetal o fueron diagnosticados como falsos positivos. De lo contrario, cuando el valor de OR esté más cerca de 1, significa que la precisión de diagnóstico de las vacas preñadas se mantendrá hasta el segundo método de diagnóstico (estándar de oro). En este estudio, la prueba TRUS fue la más cercana a 1. En conclusión, la detección del embarazo por el método de la progesterona está relacionada con altas tasas de falsos positivos o mortalidad embrionaria. El método TRUS es el método que tiene mayor similitud con el patrón oro cuando se trata de vacas preñadas, seguido por PAG e ISG.
Body Fat Distribution Contributes to Defining the Relationship between Insulin Resistance and Obesity in Human Diseases
Authors: Adeva-Andany María M. , Domínguez-Montero Alberto , Adeva-Contreras Lucía , Fernández-Fernández Carlos , Carneiro-Freire Natalia , González-Lucán Manuel
Published: August 2023

The risk for metabolic and cardiovascular complications of obesity is defined by body fat distribution rather than global adiposity. Unlike subcutaneous fat, visceral fat (including hepatic steatosis) reflects insulin resistance and predicts type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In humans, available evidence indicates that the ability to store triglycerides in the subcutaneous adipose tissue reflects enhanced insulin sensitivity. Prospective studies document an association between larger subcutaneous fat mass at baseline and reduced incidence of impaired glucose tolerance. Case-control studies reveal an association between genetic predisposition to insulin resistance and a lower amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue. Human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) promotes subcutaneous adipocyte differentiation and subcutaneous fat deposition, improving insulin resistance and reducing visceral fat. Thiazolidinediones reproduce the effects of PPAR-γ activation and therefore increase the amount of subcutaneous fat while enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing visceral fat. Partial or virtually complete lack of adipose tissue (lipodystrophy) is associated with insulin resistance and its clinical manifestations, including essential hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, reduced HDL-c, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and kidney disease. Patients with Prader Willi syndrome manifest severe subcutaneous obesity without insulin resistance. The impaired ability to accumulate fat in the subcutaneous adipose tissue may be due to deficient triglyceride synthesis, inadequate formation of lipid droplets, or defective adipocyte differentiation. Lean and obese humans develop insulin resistance when the capacity to store fat in the subcutaneous adipose tissue is exhausted and deposition of triglycerides is no longer attainable at that location. Existing adipocytes become large and reflect the presence of insulin resistance.
Training of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Improves the Severity and
Quality of Urine Incontinence and Increases Social Participation of Older
Women in Southern Iran
Authors: Hoseini Somayeh Sheikh , Ghahremani Leila , Khorasani Fahimeh , Yarelahi Mahsa , Asadollahi Abdolrahim
Published: August 2023

Background:

Aging and gender are risk factors for urine incontinence, which can lead
to psychological, physical, and social complications.

Objective:

This community-based study investigates the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training
on the severity and quality of urine incontinence and social participation of older women.

Methods:

This quasi-experimental community-based study was performed with the participation of
60 older women referring to the Public Health Center in Kerman City, southern Iran. The experiment
group was trained with pelvic floor muscle training in 7 training sessions with distance health
education in the second half of 2021. Before and after the intervention, data were collected based
on: demographic, severity and quality of urine incontinence, and social participation inventories.
Data were analyzed using a t-test and ANOVA (P ≤ 0.05).

Results:

The mean scores of severity and quality of urine incontinence and social participation in
the experiment and control groups before receiving the intervention were not statistically significant
(P ≥ 0.05). But after that, a statistically significant difference was observed between the
groups (P <0.05), which showed an improvement in the severity and quality of urine incontinence
scores as well as SP in the experiment group.

Conclusions:

Tele-training of the Kegel exercise, even during the pandemic, can play an important
role in improving incontinence and social participation in older women. Therefore, this training can
be used to prevent and improve urine incontinence in public health centers in the community.
Lista actualizada de las macroalgas marinas cubanas
Authors: Suárez Ana M. , Martínez-Daranas Beatriz , Alfonso Sánchez Yusimí , Moreira-González Ángel R. , Jover Capote Abdiel
Published: August 2023

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Desde la publicación del libro sobre las macroalgas marinas de Cuba en 2015 se han publicado nuevos registros y cambios taxonómicos. Por lo anterior, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue presentar una quinta revisión sistemática actualizada, que incluye Ochrophyta (Clase Phaeophyceae), Rhodophyta y Chlorophyta. Métodos: Se recopiló la información disponible en publicaciones científicas, tesis de licenciatura, maestría y doctorado, e informes científico-técnicos de especialistas reconocidos, considerando aquellas que no fueron comprendidas en la revisión anterior o que fueron publicadas después de 2015. Los taxones encontrados fueron ordenados sistemáticamente, los nombres actualizados y la sinonimia revisada según AlgaeBase y la literatura más reciente. Las especies se ordenaron alfabéticamente dentro de cada familia. La distribución de cada taxón se resumió para nueve zonas consideradas como Distritos Ecológicos (zonas) de la plataforma cubana.Resultados claves: Se presenta un listado florístico actualizado con 569 especies, una subespecie, 25 variedades y 21 formas. Se añaden a la anterior revisión 38 especies, de las cuales siete son nuevos registros para Cuba: Hydrolithon boergesenii, Neogoniolithon mamillare, N. propinquum, N. rhizophorae, Lithothamnion crispatum, Liagoropsis schrammii y Peyssonnelia rubra. Se da la distribución de cada uno de estos taxones en las nueve zonas de la plataforma cubana.Conclusiones: Las zonas que presentaron más especies son aquellas que han tenido un mayor esfuerzo de muestreo o donde predominan los fondos rocosos arrecifales, aunque no se han inventariado detalladamente las macroalgas en la zona mesolitoral, bahías y lagunas costeras.
Using ChatGPT as a Learning Tool in Acupuncture Education: Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Hyeonhoon
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

ChatGPT (Open AI) is a state-of-the-art artificial intelligence model with potential applications in the medical fields of clinical practice, research, and education.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of ChatGPT as an educational tool in college acupuncture programs, focusing on its ability to support students in learning acupuncture point selection, treatment planning, and decision-making.

METHODS

We collected case studies published in Acupuncture in Medicine between June 2022 and May 2023. Both ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 were used to generate suggestions for acupuncture points based on case presentations. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was conducted to compare the number of acupuncture points generated by ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4, and the overlapping ratio of acupuncture points was calculated.

RESULTS

Among the 21 case studies, 14 studies were included for analysis. ChatGPT-4 generated significantly more acupuncture points (9.0, SD 1.1) compared to ChatGPT-3.5 (5.6, SD 0.6; P<.001). The overlapping ratios of acupuncture points for ChatGPT-3.5 (0.40, SD 0.28) and ChatGPT-4 (0.34, SD 0.27; P=.67) were not significantly different.

CONCLUSIONS

ChatGPT may be a useful educational tool for acupuncture students, providing valuable insights into personalized treatment plans. However, it cannot fully replace traditional diagnostic methods, and further studies are needed to ensure its safe and effective implementation in acupuncture education.
Implementable prediction for pressure injuries in hospitalized adults: model development and validation (Preprint)
Authors: Reese Thomas J. , Domenico Henry J. , Hernandez Antonio , Byrne Daniel W. , Moore Ryan P. , Williams Jessica B. , Douthit Brian J. , Russo Elise , McCoy Allison B. , Ivory Catherine H. , Steitz Bryan D. , Wright Adam
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Numerous pressure injury prediction models have been developed using electronic health record data. Yet, hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) are increasing, which demonstrates the critical challenge of implementing these models in routine care.

OBJECTIVE

To help bridge the gap between development and implementation, we sought to create a model that was feasible, broadly applicable, dynamic, actionable, and rigorously validated and then compare its performance to usual care (i.e., Braden Scale).

METHODS

We extracted electronic health record data from 197,991 adult hospital admissions with 51 candidate features. For risk prediction and feature selection, we used logistic regression with a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) approach. To compare the model with usual care, we used the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), Brier Score, slope, intercept, and Integrated Calibration Index. The model was validated using a temporally staggered cohort.

RESULTS

A total of 5,458 HAPIs were identified between January 2018 and July 2022. We determined 22 features were necessary to achieve a parsimonious and highly accurate model. The top five features included tracheostomy, edema, central line, first albumin measure, and age. Our model achieved higher discrimination than the Braden Scale (AUC, 0.897; 95% CI, 0.893 to 0.901 versus AUC, 0.798; 95% CI, 0.791 to 0.803).

CONCLUSIONS

We developed and validated an accurate prediction model for HAPIs that surpassed the standard-of-care risk assessment and fulfilled necessary elements for implementation. Future work includes a pragmatic randomized trial to assess whether our model improves patient outcomes.
Classroom Cryotherapy: A Possible “Cool” Alternative or Complement to Traditional Mindfulness Techniques to Help Undergraduate Students’ Well-Being (Preprint)
Authors: Neptune Eryn
Published: August 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

There is a critical need for short-term, cost efficient, and effective mental health support for students on college campuses due to a surge of students with depression, anxiety, and overall stress. Because of this, many different mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) or mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) techniques have emerged that generally help promote well-being. Growing evidence supports cryotherapy, the therapeutic use of cold, having both physical and mental health benefits, but there is a significant lack of research that explores cryotherapy in a classroom setting, and if there is a connection to mindfulness. This quasi-experimental quantitative research design involved participants completing a pre- and post- test that measured their overall level of mindfulness after being assigned an experimental group that may or may not have had them hold an ice cube or complete a breathing exercise. Though there were no statistically significant differences between any of the experimental groups, further research is warranted to continue to explore cryotherapy as a possible resource-savvy, innovative complement or replacement for traditional MBSR techniques in a collegiate setting in order to help improve undergraduate student well-being.
The Psychometric Properties of the Three-Dimensional Work Fatigue Inventory Among Rural Teachers in China
Authors: Niu Yue , Qiao Xianpeng
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to translate the Three-Dimensional Work Fatigue Inventory (3D-WFI) from English to Chinese and assess its psychometric properties. We performed exploratory and experimental factor analyses using data collected from Chinese rural teachers. We selected the
Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey as a criterion measure to examine the association between work fatigue and job burnout. Results of the exploratory factor analysis using data from 306 teachers showed that the Chinese version of the 3D-WFI had 18 items and three subscales, and confirmatory
factor analysis results using data from 754 teachers showed that it had adequate structural validity. The Chinese version of the 3D-WFI has adequate psychometric properties and can be used as an effective tool to measure work fatigue among rural teachers in China.
COVID-19 Infection in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Receiving Maintenance Therapy: Don’t Discount the Risk
Authors: Kahn Alissa , S Elizabeth Davis , Caudill Caroline , Martinez Isaac , Brackett Julienne , Sharma Archana , Schwalm Carla , Kebede Ann , Dickens David , Richman Joshua , Colace Susan , Bhatia Smita , Wolfson Julie , Levine Jennifer , Johnston Emily
Published: August 2023

Background: Unlike other pediatric cancers, acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(ALL) treatment includes a prolonged maintenance phase during which
children typically resume regular activities. As COVID-19 transmission
persists despite the end of the public health emergency declaration,
physicians need data regarding the impact of COVID-19 in this population
to guide families in managing risk. Procedure: The Pediatric Oncology
COVID-19 Case Report (POCC) collected de-identified clinical and
sociodemographic data on children with cancer and COVID-19. This subset
analysis compares 481 children (≤21yo at COVID-19 infection) with ALL in
maintenance (ALL-MTN) to other children with cancer and COVID-19
(n=1,190). Results: Children in ALL-MTN had fewer hospitalizations,
(23% vs 29%, p=0.01), intensive care unit admissions (ICU: 3% vs 5%,
p=0.01), and were less likely to die (0% vs 2%, p=<0.01).
However, they more often had cancer therapy changed (50% vs 33%,
p=<0.01). Lower odds of hospitalization and ICU admission
persisted in multivariable analyses adjusting for age, race/ethnicity,
insurance, ANC, and comorbidities. There were independent associations
among children in ALL-MTN with sociodemographic factors (Hispanic
ethnicity, public insurance) and clinical characteristics (comorbid
conditions, neutropenia) and both hospitalization and ICU admission.
Vaccination decreased odds of hospitalization. Conclusions: Children in
ALL-MTN continue to have significant COVID-19 risks, with less
hospitalization and ICU admission but more therapy changes than other
children with cancer. These risks should be addressed when discussing
participation in activities (school, camp, sports, etc.), prevention
(COVID-19 vaccination) and mitigation (masking) strategies. The high
level of therapy modifications could have long-term consequences and
should continue to be followed.
Taxonomic significance of morphological and elemental characteristics of achenes of Artemisia genus from Turkey
Authors: KARAİSMAİLOĞLU Mehmet Cengiz , ALKAN Nagihan POLAT , KÜRŞAT Murat , Civelek Şemsettin
Published: August 2023

In the study, the achene macro and micro morphological characters of the
genus Artemisia distributed in Turkey have been researched with
the target to know systematically important carpological structures for
the examined species. Color, shape and dimension of achene have
macro-morphologically shown variations. The examined achenes are
separated into 4 shapes; fusiform-oblong, oblong, oblong-ovate and
ovate. Oblong-ovate is the most common type. However, oblong is typical
form for A. abrotanum. Achene dimensions range from 0.62 mm to
2.48 mm in length, from 0.30 mm to 1.21 mm in width. As A.
santonicum subsp. patens is of the largest achenes , A.
annua and A. verloitorum have the smallest achenes. Also,
carpopodium diameter vary between 0.10 mm and 0.19 mm. The largest
carpopodium diameter is found in taxa A. fragrans and A.
taurica var. vanensis , while the narrowest one is A.
alpina species. Achene surfaces of the examined taxa are
micro-morphologically assessed, and the substantial differences are
noticeably detected on behalf of the surface structures for instance,
surface ornamentation, anticlinal and periclinal cell walls, epidermal
cells and presence of secondary structures of the achenes. Surface
ornamentation is separated into 10 types: irregularly sulcate, regularly
sulcate, ruminate, sulcate-scalariform, rugose, favulariate, slightly
sulcate, alveolate, tuberculate and reticulate. The most common types
are irregularly sulcate (in 7 taxa) and regularly sulcate (in 7 taxa),
while ruminate (in A. abrotanum), rugose (in A.
chamaemelifolia), favulariate (in A. arborescens), alveolate (in
A. santonicum subsp. patens), tuberculate (in A.
taurica var. vanensis) and reticulate (in A.
bashkalensis) ornamentation types are found as taxon-specific. A
percentage comparison of the elements in the achene pericarp of the
studied taxa have performed with SEM-EDS. Accordingly, pericarps in taxa
include C, Ca, K, Mg, Cl, Si, Na and S elements. The most common seen
element is C, which ranges from 77.4 (in A. austriaca) to 96.2
(in A. absinthium). Na element is observed only in A.
santonicum subspecies and A. arborescens species. On the other
hand, S element is found in low amounts only in A. alpina
species. In the taxonomy of the genus Artemisia, the achene
morphological characters are very significant characteristics that
disclose inter-specific relations among the examined taxa. Moreover, a
dichotomous key is offered for the identification of the studied taxa
based on achene characters.