bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Akar Ceplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Viogenta Pratika , Wahidah Lilik Koernia , Saputri Ika Harum
Published: December 2019

Root ceplukan (Physalis angulata L.) is one of the medicinal plants that contain several active compounds that are antibacterial. This study aims to prove the antibacterial activity of root ceplukan extract againsts Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Root ceplukan was extracted by maceration with ethanol 70%. Root root extracts of phytochemical screening include flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. The ceplukan root extract was then tested against S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa bacteria using wells method with concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, aquades as a negative control and amikacin as a positive control. Inhibitory zone diameter with each concentration for P. aeruginosa bacteria, among others, negative control = 0 mm, positive control = 21,623 mm, 100% = 16.9 mm, 80% = 15.05 mm, 60% = 13.703 mm, 40% = 12.02 mm, 20% = 12.02 mm and S. epidermidis bacteria have inhibitory zone at positive control of 21,623 mm. The results of this study showed that root extract ceplukan proved to have inhibition zone against bacteria P. aeruginosa at all concentrations but has no inhibition zone against S. epidermidis bacteria. Root ceplukan extract has a minimum inhibitory concentration of 14% and a minimum bacterisid concentration of 20%, against P. aeruginosa bacteria. The results of phytochemical analysis showed that root ceplukan positively contain flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins are suspected as antibacterial compounds.

Keywords : Antibacterial, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Ceplukan root extract
EKSTRAK DAUN KATUK (Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Tri Mulyani Yuli Wahyu , Hidayat Dadan , Isbiantoro Isbiyantoro , Fatimah Yeni
Published: December 2019

Katuk is one of the most common plant species in Indonesia which is known by the community to treat the disease, especially the leaf part can be used as a milk mat. katuk leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr) also contains saponin, flavonoid and tannin Inhibits the growth of bacteria one of the bacteria that cause acne bacteria P. acnes and S. epidermidis. The aim of this research is to know the antibacterial inhibition effect of katuk leaf extract to growth of P. acnes and S. epidermidis using Cup-plate or pit diffusion method with concentration 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. Clindamycin is used as a positive control and aquades as a negative control. The leaves of katuk extracted with 70% ethanol solvent showed no antibacterial activity against P. acnes bacteria while against S. epidermidis bacteria showed antibacterial activity. The highest antibacterial activity at 100% concentration with 18.17 mm zone diameter belong to the category of inhibitory resistance of medium growth and the lowest concentration at concentration of 40% with 16.68 mm inhibitory zone diameter belong to the weak growth inhibitory response category. The minimum inhibitory concentrations produced in S. epidermidis bacteria were 39% - 36%.

Keywords : Sauropus androgynus, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphilococcus epidermidis, Minimal Inhibitory Concentration.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN GLODOKAN TIANG (Polyalthia longifolia S.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Soemarie Yulistia Budianti , Apriliana Anita , Indriastuti Meita
Published: December 2019

Jerawat merupakan penyakit kulit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri salah satunya bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penggunaan obat jerawat secara terus menerus dari bahan kimia sintetik dapat menimbulkan efek samping yang merugikan berupa resistensi. Alternatif pengobatan yang digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah jerawat adalah dengan pemanfaatan tanaman glodokan tiang (Polyalthia longifolia S.). Pemanfaatan obat dari tanaman dapat mengurangi terjadinya efek samping yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan kulit dibandingkan senyawa kimia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun glodokan tiang terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Tahapan penelitian dimulai dengan penyiapan sampel, determinasi, ekstraksi, skrining fitokimia, dan uji antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun glodokan tiang terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Pada uji aktivitas dan uji antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan konsentrasi 30%, 40%, dan 50% serta kontrol positif Klindamisin 150 mg dan kontrol negatif dimetil sulfoksida 1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun glodokan tiang mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder antara lain alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, dan saponin. Zona hambat yang terbentuk pada konsentrasi 30%, 40%, dan 50% secara berurut adalah 8,83 mm, 9 mm, dan 10,5 mm. Dari ketiga konsentrasi tersebut zona hambat yang paling kuat terdapat pada konsentrasi 50% yaitu sebesar 10,5 mm.

Kata Kunci : Propionibacterium acnes, glodokan tiang (Polyalthia longifolia S.), metode difusi cakram.
EKSTRAK DAUN KEMBANG BULAN (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans dan Streptococcus sanguinis
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Isbiyantoro Isbiyantoro , Fadillah Heni
Published: December 2019

Kembang bulan (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional di Indonesia dan diberbagai negara. Tanaman ini dimanfaatkan sebagai Antivirus, antidiabetes, liver, atau radang tenggorokan. Daun kembang bulan mengandung senyawa flavanoid, glikosida, saponin, tanin, dan triterpenoid/steroid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji adanya daya hambat ekstrak daun kembang bulan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Streptococcus sanguinis. Proses ekstraksi daun kembang bulan dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan penyari etanol 70%. Sementara pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode sumuran dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%, kontrol positif menggunakan klorheksidin 0,2% dan kontrol negatif menggunakan aquades. Pengujian dilanjutkan dengan menentukan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua konsentrasi ekstrak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. mutans dan S. sanguinis. Aktivitas antibakteri paling besar pada ekstrak kembang bulan yaitu pada konsentrasi 100%, hasil diameter zona hambat yang terbentuk terhadap bakteri S. mutans (14.12 mm) dan S. sanguinis (14.52 mm). Nilai Konsentrasi hambat minimum pada S. mutans adalah 11% yang bersifat bakteriside sementara pada S. sanguinis adalah 16% bersifat bakteriostatik.

Kata Kunci : Kembang Bulan, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococccus sanguinis
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN BORAKS PADA KERUPUK NASI YANG DIJUAL DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-Vis
Authors: Samsuar Samsuar , Rokiban Akhmad , Suparsi Suparsi
Published: December 2019

The use of additional subtance for food is to increase or to maintain nutritional value and quality of storability. Our govermment prohibits the use of borax as an additives subtance for food as appointed in Permenkes No.033, 2012. Borax is a chemical compound in white colorless crystalline with a chemical formula Na2B4O7.10H2O. Rice crackers are crackers made from rice with spices and flavor enhancer. In manufacturing crackers Borax is sometimes added to get savory crackers and to make them swelling. The purpose of this study is to find out the borax content on rice crackers in traditional markets Tanggamus district by using the qualitative method. It uses the flame test, cucurmin reagen test and ammonia steam test. It also applies quantitative test by using spectophotometry UV-Vis. There are 8 samples which were taken in tradisional markets Tanggamus district. The result of determination of the maximum length waves is 543 nm. This method has been validated before being used for the samples. The resulf of the research shows a curve with linear calibration,with the regression equalition y = 0,539x + 0,009 and correlation coefficient (r) = 0,9979. The average recorvery or accuracy value is 104,71 %. The precision or the result of standartd deviation and standard deviation relative or coeffecient of variation (CV) is 0,219%. The LOD acquistion value is 0,069 µg/ml and the LOQ is 0,320 µg/ml. The validation of the test shows that all methods have been done are valid, so it can be used to test the borax assay on the samples. Based on the analysis on 8 samples of rice crackers, quanlitative obtained sample testing shows 6 detected containing borax, then the result of quantitative obtained the level of borax ranged from 46,75 µg/g until 107 µg/g.

Keywords : borax, rice crackers, Spectrofometry UV-Vis
UJI VIABILITAS MIKROENKAPSULASI Lactobacillus casei MENGGUNAKAN MATRIK NATRIUM ALGINAT
Authors: Suryani Nelly , Betha Ofa Suzanti , Mawaddana Qurry
Published: December 2019

Lactobacillus casei is a species that is often used as a probiotic but is not resistant to very acidic environments. Microencapsulation in this study was carried out using the extrusion method with a matrix of sodium alginate concentrations of 2%, 3%, and 4%. The three concentrations of sodium alginate were tested for their ability to protect Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 from the effects of gastric acid simulation fluid. From the viability test, the results of enumeration of cells in the concentration of sodium alginate 2%, 3% and 4% were 3.08 x

106 colonies / gram; 7.41 x 104 colonies / gram; and 1.01 x 107 colonies / gram. The three

MLNs with the three concentrations were incubated in gastric acid simulation fluid (0.08 M HCl; 0.2% NaCl; pH 1.5) for 120 minutes. The enumeration results of MLN viability after testing the gastric acid liquid at a concentration of 4% were 4.5 x 103 colonies / gram, whereas at a concentration of 2% and 3% the viability value was
FORMULASI ORALLY DISINTEGRATING TABLET (ODT) EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TAHONGAI (Kleinhovia hospita L.) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI EXPLOTAB®
Authors: Sa`adah Hayatus , Anggraini Reni , Sapri Sapri
Published: December 2019

Tahongai leaves (Kleinhovia hospita L.) is a medicinal plant that has antioxidant activity which is almost equivalent to vitamin C. The development of the dosage form to improve the utilization of these plants. Therefore Tahongai leaves made in the form Orally Disintegrating Tablets (ODT), which has several advantages such as more practical use because it can be consumed without the use of water and can be used by people who are hard to swallow capsules or tablets as well as having good taste in the mouth. This study was carried out experimentally using four formulas with various concentrations Explotab® ie; formula 1 (2%); formula 2 (4%); Formula 3 (6%) and the formula 4 (8%). The evaluation of ODT are uniformity of weight, hardness, friability and disintegration time.The results showed that the concentration Explotab® influence on the physical properties of ODT ie hardness, friability and disintegration time. Explotab® concentration of 4% is the best concentration that meets the requirements of the physical properties ODT Tahongai leaf extract.

Keywords: Formulation, Orally Disintegrating Tablets (ODT), Explotab, Tahongai

(Kleinhovia hospita L.)
FORMULASI SEDIAAN KRIM EKSTRAK BIJI KAKAO (Theobroma cacao) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI Propionibacterium acne
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Nopiyansyah Nopiyansyah , Rahmawati Ira Dwi
Published: December 2019

Cocoa bean is one part cocoa plant which has many benefit in the health field. Polyphenolic compounds cocoa bean proven to have activity antioxidants and antibacterial. This research purposes to prove that cocoa bean extract (Theobroma cacao) could be formulated become cream preparation and had antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acne. In this research cocoa bean extract formulated in cream preparation with different extract concentration such as, F1 (3%), F2 (6%) and F3 (12%) with using stearic acid, paraffin liquid, adepslanae, as oil phase, TEA, aquadest as water phase, and methyl paraben as preservative. Then that were evaluated of homogenity, organoleptic, pH, viscosity dispersive power, glutinous power and inhibition power of antibacterial. Result of evaluation of stock had a pH range of between 6,4-8,1, the viscosity range from 2324-526 cps 1, dispersive power between 5,47-6,95 cm, and the glutinous power between 4,2-5,3 second. Each formula was stable in storage cycling testand temperature 40ºC ± 2ºC, 28ºC ± 2ºC, 4ºC ± 2ºC and the three formulas had antibacterial of Propionibacterium acne. The conclusion of this study is cocoa bean extract could be formulated in cream preparations and had a zone of inhibition against bacteria Propionibacterium acne.

Keywords: Antibacterial cream, Propionibacterium acne, Theobroma cacao
Pengaruh Pemberian Bungkil Kelapa Sawit Segar (BKS) dan Fermentasi (BKSF) Terhadap Kualitas Fisik Telur Itik
Authors: Pranata Arif
Published: December 2019

This research was conducted to utilize fresh and fermented palm kernel cake in the ducks diets on egg physical quality. One hundred and five laying ducks were randomly devided in to five diets treatments in three replications with seven laying ducks each the dietary treatments were K = control, was diet without palm kernel cake, BKS 10 and BKS 30 diets with addition 10 % and 30 % fresh palm kernel cake, BKSF 10 and BKSF 30 diets with addition 10 % and 30 % fermented palm kernel cake. The data collected were egg mass, shell thickness, Haugh Unit and yolk colour and will be analyzed by a one way classification of variance analysis (CRD), followed by testing the significant mean by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed the egg mass, shell thickness, and HU had not significant different and egg mass were (64,74, 65,71, 67,22, 65,39, 63,52 g), shell thickness were (0,47, 0,49, 0,44, 0,48, 0,45 mm), Haught Unit were (86,81, 87,44, 90,94, 88,15, 88,08 %). Yolk colour had significant different between the treatment (9.31, 9,72, 9,81, 10,69, 10,74). It be concluded that the utilization 30% of fresh and fermented palm kernel cake in feed duck had not increase egg mass, shell tickness, and haugh unit, except on yolk colour.

Key words :Fermentation, Egg Quality, Laying Duck, Palm kernel cake
Analisis Marjin Harga, Keuntungan, dan Share Keuntungan Pemasaran Ayam Ras Pedaging (Broiler) di PT. Ciomas Adisatwa Kota Metro
Authors: Heldi Parel
Published: December 2019

The aim of this research is from this research to find out 1) what kind of marketing institution plays a role in the marketing of broiler chickens in the partnership of PT. Ciomas Adisatwa and 2) price margins, profits, and marketing profits for broiler broiler at PT. Ciomas Adisatwa Metro City. The research method used in the research is using quantitative descriptive method. The research sample is a partnership farmer of PT. Ciomas Adisatwa, traders, and end consumers who buy chicken sourced from partnership farmers. Data analysis techniques used are analysis of price margins, profits, and profit share. The results of the research are three channels of marketing broiler broiler in Metro City, namely the first channel consists of breeders, collectors I, collectors’ II traders, collectors III, retailers and consumers. The second marketing channel is farmers, collectors I, collectors II, retailers, and consumers. The third marketing channel pattern is breeders, collectors, retailers, and consumers. The highest price margin is found in the pattern of the first third marketing channel, namely at the retail level, while the largest profit share is in the second channel pattern, that is, the collecting traders I.

Keywords: Broiler, Price, Profit, Share Profit Margins
THE INNER CONFLICT OF THE MAIN CHARACTER IN THE AVIATOR (2004) USING SIGMUND FREUD PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Srikandi Cut Novita
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to analyze the inner conflict of the main character in the movie entitled The Aviator. The Aviator takes the life story of world aviation named Howard Hughes. Howard Hughes is a young millionaire, entrepreneur, and also a movie director. He succeed seize his ambition at 24 years old. Freud's psychoanalysis approach used in analyzing the main characters is experiencing growth or personality changes dynamically. Changes and developments in the main characters' personalities due to their inner conflicts are complicated. The main character is kept up haunted by inner conflict, anxiety, and helplessness facing reality outside itself. Inner conflicts triggered by the sequences of events in the past, directly and indirectly influence or change the personality of the character. The inner conflict was traced and understood by using the theory of Freud's psychoanalysis.
JAVANESE LANGUAGE OF BANTEN DIALECTS IN TANGERANG REGENCY
Authors: Sulaiman Agus
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the phonological and morphological structure of the Java language dialect of Banten. The method used is descriptive-research. The researcher used methods into the field directly with data collection  done by recording the  written language and spoken language recording data. The study was conducted in the District Kronjo and Mekar Baru subdistrict, Tangerang. Both districts are predominantly speak dialects of Java Banten. The data described are living languages ​​and used in Tangerang. The data is sourced from the spoken language. The sample is done randomly based on the use of languages ​​in order to obtain sorts of the Java language dialect Banten. Informants were used as sources of information and data. This informants used in this study are (1) native speakers who settled in the area, (2) are not physically disabled, especially those associated with the pronunciation, and (3) have a good memory. For the validity of the data is taken at least two informants in every village. In addition to the informant, the informants also who have sufficient knowledge in the field of the realm of life to get certain vocabulary typical area of ​​Tangerang, so as to know the structure of the phonology and morphology of the Java language dialect Banten.
STUDENTS’ NEED OF ENGLISH SKILLS IN HOTEL MANAGEMENT STUDY PROGRAM
Authors: Yundayani Audi , Aprilialamongi Mariam Brenda
Published: December 2019

The objective of the research is to find out students’ needs of English skills in Hotel Management Study Program. As a part of English as Specific Purposes (ESP), English comprehension should play an important role in Hotel Management study Program. This is a descriptive research that used observation, questionaire and interview. The data analysis and interpretation indicates that, 1)speaking skill is the major need of the hotel front officer, because oral communication is the most frequently used skill to communicate with the customers; 2) listening skill is required by students since speaking and listening are interrelated skills. It is important for the teacher to provide the suitable learning material and learning technique based on the requirement
THE IMPORTANCE OF SUBMITTING MINI PLAN BEFORE TEACHING ENGLISH AS FOREIGN LANGUAGE AT INTENSIVE ENGLISH COURSE BEKASI BRANCHES
Authors: Abdulloh Abdulloh
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to determine the importance implementation of lesson plan” Mini Plan”  to improve the competence of the perspective teacher of English at one of the English schools, IEC in Bekasi. The competence in this study referred to the competence of preparing lesson plan and implementing classroom practice using mini lesson plan . This research conducted on population of 30 teachers and sample of 7 teachers  of English clasess in IEC Bekasi. This study was descriptive study. This study tells us the condition before the implementation of submitting mini plan and after that implementation.The result shows that the readyness, professioanalism, achievement of the teachers before teaching, and the students retention in class are increased.
PROMOTING DESIGN THINKING AS A TECHNIQUE ON TEACHING SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Sa'diah Siti , Novita Endah , Latifah Nur
Published: December 2019

Speaking in English as a foreign language is highly complex and challenging skill for Indonesian students. It requires grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary mastery. It also needs students’ confidence to be brave to share their ideas. This study attempted to promote design thinking that can be used on teaching speaking in order to stimulate the teachers to try to apply this technique on their teaching and to enhance their students’ speaking skill. In order to reach the objective of the study, the qualitative approach was used. Based on the analysis, it showed that the design thinking technique guides gradually the students to overcome the problem situationally and contextually by understanding, observing, pointing view, ideating, prototyping, and testing all ideas related to the problem in order to get the distintive and creative solution. In other words, the students are directed to think critically and brave to share their thoughts in a spoken language. So, the students can get more chance to speak them up and it, certainly, can help the students to increase their speaking skill
THE DIFFERENCE OF ENGLISH VOCABULARY MASTERY BETWEEN BOYS AND GIRLS
Authors: Ika Mary , Muassari Ayu , Yundayani Audi
Published: December 2019

The objective of the research was to find out English vocabulary mastery between boys and girls, including words size in production.  This was a descriptive qualitative research. The data was taken from students’ writing product. The data analysis was conducted through collecting, reducing and displaying. The research finding showed that, 1) the girls are able to produce more words than the boys; and 2) the girls have more vocabularies amount than boys.
THE EFFECT OF VOCABULARY MASTERY TOWARD THE READING COMPREHENSION SKILL FOR THE STUDENTS GRADE VIII IN THE STATE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN BEKASI DISTRICT
Authors: Fasikh Mukhlasul
Published: December 2019

This study aims to check out the effect of vocabulary mastery toward the reading comprehension skill in the State of Junior High School in Bekasi District. The method used in this research is expose facto with the correlation and regression analysis that is connecting between data showing the level vocabulary mastery toward the reading comprehension skill of students in the State of Junior High School in Bekasi District. Sampling was done by random sampling technique. The respondents are 80 students in this research. The research instruments were the test questions with multiple choice forms. The result showed that there is a significant influence of vocabulary mastery toward the reading comprehension skill of English Language on students Grade VIII in the State of Junior High School in Bekasi District. This is evidenced by the acquisition of Sig value. 0.003 <0.05 and th = 3.019. Variable vocabulary mastery contributed 13.86% in improving the reading comprehension skill
THE EFFECT OF LEARNING MEDIA AND LEARNING STYLE TOWARD ENGLISH STUDYING RESULT
Authors: Murtadho Abdul Muhid
Published: December 2019

This research was held to check out the effect of learning media and learning style toward English studying result for the second grade students of the Junior High School. This Research was held at SMP 5 Setu – Bekasi and SMP 12 Tambun - Bekasi. The writer took 165 students as sample for research. The research instrument is the questionnaire of Learning Style and the teaching prosess by using different Learning Media (Multimedia Based and Conventional Based). The methodolgy used by the writer is survey dan experiment which is used treatment anylisi method by level. The type of testing used is Anova Dua Arah. From this research writer found that there is a significant correlation between  Learning Media toward English studying result. It was proved by the obtanined of Fo = 11,070 and Sig. = 0,000 < 0,05. There is a significant correlation between  Learning Style toward English studying result.  It was proved by the obtanined of Fo = 8,982 dan Sig. = 0,000 < 0,05. There is not any significant interaction effect between Learning Media and Learning Style toward English studying result. It was proved by the obtanined of Fo = 0,043 dan Sig. = 0,958 > 0,05
APPLYING SCANNING AND SKIMMING SKILLS TO UNDERSTAND LIFE SKILLS READING
Authors: Basuki Slamet
Published: December 2019

The purpose of life skills reading is to extract information that will assist the reader in performing some task of work or for daily life. Most formal school students who are given training on the life skills reading, they can comprehend the meaning of the text. Since the purpose of life of reading skills is to derive meaning from it, the readers should not translate word by word what they have read. Therefore skimming and scanning skills are important to be trained to senior school students as well as college students. This research is given to the senior school students. The findings show that students who have skimming and scanning skills are able to comprehend the meaning of the texts. By obtaining skills on reading such those kinds of text, students are expected to be able to comprehend what they have read and assist people who need help in understanding the life skills reading. This research suggests the teachers to encourage students to be able to know the meaning of the life skills reading so that the people around them can take the benefit of him/her. It also has the implication that teachers can give their students skimming and scanning skills in the reading activities
ENGLISH LOAN WORDS ON INDONESIAN HEALTH ARTICLES IN ONLINE NEWS PAGES
Authors: Supeni Sri , Fauziah Anna
Published: December 2019

This study focuses on the process of English words which are loaned or borrowed into Indonesian language and are used on Indonesian health articles in online news pages such as detik.com, kompas.com and viva.com. The data are analyzed based on the four word forms namely noun, verb, adjective and adverb. Besides, they are also analyzed based on either the morphological process or phonological process. The study applies the descriptive qualitative method applying the content analysis technique. The findings of the research show that there are 606 loan words. Based on word form category there are 425 words (70.13 %) as noun, adjective with 96 words (15.84%), verb with 82 words (13.50%) adverb with only 3 words (0.49%). For morphological process, it can be categorized in some various processes, they are affixation with several prefixes and suffixes. In addition, there are some words with reduplication as many as 7 words (6.14%) and abbrevation process, they are 13 words (11.40%). Phonological process occurs into several parts, they are adoption, translation and adaptation. For adoption, there are 395 words (65.18%), adaptation with 166 words (27.39%) and translation with 45 words (7.42%).
CODE MIXING IN A NOVEL CELEBRITY WEDDING BY ALIAZALEA
Authors: Ermawati Fitri , Sitohang Mangantar
Published: December 2019

This study is aimed to describe code mixing facts or presence in the novel Celebrity Wedding by AliaZalea.  In fact, there are a lot of factors that influence people using code mixing, to mention one or two, can be due to someone’s bilingualism or multilingualism condition. The writers use descriptive and content analysis method to analyze the forms code mixing, the types of phrases and compound of code mixing found in the novel Celebrity Wedding. The (English) data taken from the Novel are phrases, compounds. The writers then identified, collected, sorted and classified all the data, and made the analysis to find and determine the types of the phrases and the forms/types of modifiers present in the novel itself.  From the result of analysis/discussion there are more Noun Phrase Types than Verb Phrase Types. There are five Noun Phrases containing premodifiers and four postmodifiers five containing both premodifiers, the dominant modifiers are Adjective followed by Noun the Preposition Phrases.
DEVELOPING EXTENSIVE READING THROUGH JIGSAW TECHNIQUE
Authors: Mansur Mohamad
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this research is to find out the effectiveness of developing extensive reading through jigsaw technique students of a university in East Jakarta. The method used in this study was qualitative applying the four stages in reading Tales of Terror book. The result shows that each student could answer the comprehension questions with the average score is 86. The students’ achievement in reading comprehension of extensive reading by using jigsaw technique is quite good. The presentation stage shows that most students are able to deliver their understanding of the Tales of Terror book in a very systematic and clear explanation. Referring to the result of the presentation, the writer concluded that jigsaw technique is effective and applicable for the students of university.
IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ READING SKILL THROUGH SHORT STORY TECHNIQUE
Authors: Poejilestari Noening
Published: December 2019

The aims of this research are to solve the English reading problem and to know the effectiveness of using short story in teaching reading. This research is using classroom action research with three cycles. Each cycle consist of four steps; planning, action, observation and reflection. The sample of the research is the seventh grade of Junior High School students. The data are obtained from direct and indirect observation and collaboration. In the direct observation, the data is from field observation and In the indirect one, the data is from the test result. Based on the data collected it is found that some students are active in reading practice through short story technique. Further, the students have more desire and motivation to improve their reading skill. Looking up the evaluation table, the reading from thirty three students in three cycles can be explained; in the first cycle, students get the average score 63.0 or there are thirteen students (39.4%) who achieve the standard of minimum score achievement (65.0). In the second cycle, they get the average score 69.6 or there are twenty eight students (84.8%) who achieved the standard minimum score. While in the third cycle, they get 77.0 on their average sore or all of them (100%) can achieve the standard minimum score. Furthermore, the writer concludes that the use of short story technique approach can be one of the appropriate approach to teach English reading skill for the students
AFFIXATION, REDUPLICATION IN DESCRIPTION TEXT OF THAILAND EXCHANGED STUDENTS
Authors: Sulaeman Agus
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this research is to describe the form of affixation interference and reduplication of Indonesian language in description  text of Thailand exchanged students who learned Indonesian Language in Indonesian Education and Literature department (PBSI), University of Muhammadiyah Tangerang. This study used a qualitative approach with content analysis research method which aimed to explain and interpret the data  systematically, thoroughly, and the relationship between the events investigated. The content analysis is a method which is conducted by making inference contextually. The sources of data related to this research language and Literature is morphological interference in description text of Thailand exchanged students learned in UMT. The data collection techniques were gained by observation and document studies. The document study was in from the students’ description  text. The result of this research is assumed to be very important since the affixation interference must be handled as early as possible, especially in the world of interference education. Interference is a violation in Indonesian language. How to prevent the spread of interference is to conduct research that occurs in the world of education and fix it as early as possible.
PERSIAPAN SPIRITUAL SEBAGAI UPAYA MENGHADAPI PERSALINAN YANG NYAMANDI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PAMITRAN KOTA CIREBON 2018
Authors: Nurrochmi Endang , Nurlina Neli , Padmawati Rinela
Published: December 2019

Proses persalinan seolah-olah menjadi peristiwa medis, sehingga para perempuan tanpa pemahaman yang cukup cenderung menyerahkan tubuhnya pada pihak yang dianggap lebih tahu Doa atau afirmasi positif memang sangat dipercaya dapat menghalau energi-energi negatif, membebaskan rasa takut, serta menciptakan harmoni berupa pikiran dan perasaan yang positif. Juga akan membantu bayi lahir dalam suasana yang tenang dan nyaman. Metode yang dilakukan pada kegiatan ini adalah memberikan materi kepada ibu hamil trimester akhir tentang persiapan fisik dan mental melalui afirmasi dan doa (khusus untuk penganut agama Islam) berikan selama 3 kali di PONED Pamitran. Kemudian ibu hamil diberikan buku panduan untuk dibaca dan berlatih doa dan afirmasi. Kemudian dievaluasi setelah ibu melahirkan dengan wawancara untuk mengungkapakan pengalaman selama proses persalinan. Hasil terdapat peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan tentang kehamilan, persalinan, persiapan menghadapi persalinan dan persiapan spiritual menghadapi persalinan, skala distress  ibu hamil berada pada tingkat stress ringan dan mengalami penurunan setelah diberikan relaksasi hypnobirthing dan melakukan doa dan afirmasi untuk kelancaran proses persalinan. Kesimpulan  persiapan menghadapi persalin sebaiknya tidak hanya fisik saja tetapi kesiapan mental dan spiritual sangat penting untuk dipersiapkan untuk menghadapi proses persalinan yang tidak dapat diprediksi prosesnya. Semua fasilitas kesehatan dapat menambah materi kelas ibu dengan persiapan spiritual dan pendamping persalinan sebagai upaya memperoleh pengalaman melahirkan yang menyenangkan dan minim trauma.
MAKANAN PENDAMPING AIR SUSU IBU (MP-ASI) BERKUALITAS DAPAT MELAHIRKAN GENERASI YANG BERKUALITAS
Authors: Hapitria Pepi , Jubaedah Entin , Mariani Nina Nirmaya
Published: December 2019

Saat ini, perkembangan masalah gizi di Indonesia semakin kompleks, masalah kekurangan gizi akan berdampak pada gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan fisik serta kognitif anak. Pemberian Makanan Pendamping ASI yang baik dari segi kuantitas maupun kualitas dapat memperbaiki status gizi. Olah karena itu secara global disadari bahwa perbaikan pada kualitas dan kuantitas MP-ASI menjadi bagian penting dari masa depan suatu bangsa dan negara. Kegiatan pengabmas yang dilaksanakan di UPT Puskesmas Pamitran melibatkan kader sebagai sasaran karena kader berperan langsung dan rutin dalam kegiatan Posyandu berhadapan dengan berbagai permasalahan masyarakat termasuk masalah status gizi bayi balita. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif untuk mengetahui peningkatan pengetahuan kader tentang dasar-dasar MP-ASI. Kuesioner digunakan sebagai pedoman wawancara dalam mengukur pengetahuan. Selain pengetahuan, kader dituntut untuk mampu mengolah bahan makanan menjadi MP-ASI berkualitas serta praktik konseling pada ibu  baduta dengan menggunakan MP-ASI yang telah dibuat sebagai media konseling. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah adanya peningkatan pengetahuan, kemampuan keterampilan mengolah MP-ASI dan kemampuan konseling yang baik.
PENERAPAN STIMULASI DETEKSI DAN INTERVENSI DINI TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK PADA GURU PAUD DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUNYARAGI KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Sekriptini Ayu Yuliani , Zaitun Zaitun
Published: December 2019

Program Stimulasi, deteksi, dan Intervensi Dini Tumbub Kembang (SDIDTK) merupakan program pembinaan tumbuh kembang anak secara komprehensif dan berkualitas melalui kegiatan stimulasi, deteksi dan intervensi dini penyimpangan tumbuh kembang pada masa lima tahun pertama kehidupan. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan guru pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) dalam melakukan SDIDTK pada anak usia pra sekolah. Khalayak sasaran pada kegiatan ini adalah guru PAUD di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sunyaragi. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini melibatkan mitra dari 8 sekolah PAUD di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sunyaragi yang diikuti oleh 22 Guru PAUD. Evaluasi dilaksanakan dengan evaluasi kognitif, psikomotor dan monitoring langsung ke lapangan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa guru PAUD sangat antusias dalam mengikuti rangkaian kegiatan PKM ini. Sejumlah 22 orang guru lulus  mengikuti semua tahapan dalam kegiatan PKM ini dengan indikator terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan tentang SDIDTK dan tumbuh kembang pada anak dari nilai rata-rata pretest 41,6 (SD = 18,9) menjadi nilai rata- rata posttest 65,6 (SD = 17,6), dengan rata-rata peningkatan skor 24,0 (SD = 18,3); dan kemampuan psikomotor peserta 100% lulus dalam kegiatan praktikum. Hasil screening tumbuh kembang pada 80 murid pra sekolah ditemukan 85% anak prasekolah yang gizi baik, anak dengan tinggi badan normal 86,25% dan 78,75% anak prasekolah perkembangnya sesuai berjalan sesuai dengan tahapan usia.
IMPLEMENTASI PAKET ONE HUSBAND ONE CLIENT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEPATUHAN IBU HAMIL MENGKONSUMSI TABLET FE DI PRAKTIK MANDIRI BIDAN FITRIANI
Authors: Aminin Fidyah , Mukodri Dewi Mey Lestanti
Published: December 2019

Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah gizi makro terbesar dan tersulit diatasi yang banyak terjadi pada ibu hamil di seluruh dunia.  Mengingat dampaknya yang membahayakan maka perlu pencegahan dengan memberikan tablet zat besi pada ibu hamil. Peran dan fungsi keluarga sangat penting dalam memberikan motivasi, memantau kesehatan dan mengigatkan dalam mengkonsumsi obat. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pendampingan dan pengawasan minum tablet Fe oleh suami terhadap ibu hamil yang sedang mengkonsumsi tablet Fe. Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan suami ibu hamil mengenai anemia dan pencegahan anemia, meningkatkan pendampingan suami terhadap ibu hamil yang mengkonsumsi tablet Fe dan meningkatkan kepatuhan ibu hamil mengonsumsi tablet Fe. Sasaran kegiatan adalah ibu hamil dan suami ibu hamil. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini berupa pendampingan dan pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan media leaflet. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di salah satu Praktik Mandiri Bidan yang ada di wilayah Kota Tanjungpinang Kepulauan Riau yaitu Bidan Fitriani, SST dan dilakukan oleh 2 orang tenaga kesehatan bidan yang dibantu oleh mahasiswa Jurusan Kebidanan Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA INFORMASI UNTUK EDUKASI PELAYANAN PENDAFTARAN PASIEN DI PUSKESMAS SUNYARAGI KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Mustara Mustara , Suhartini Suhartini , Hidayati Retno
Published: December 2019

Salah satu kriteria penilaian akreditasi puskesmas adalah tersedianya informasi tentang alur prosedur pelayanan saat pasien mendaftar di loket pendaftaran. Kejelasan informasi yang diterima pasien akan memberikan rasa puas terhadap pasien. Kesan pertama di loket pendaftaran akan membentuk persepsi pasien terhadap keseluruhan pelayanan di puskesmas. Tujuan kegiatan ini menyediakan media informasi untuk edukasi pasien saat mendaftar tentang alur dan prosedur pelayanan di loket pendaftaran. Metode yang lakukan adalah advokasi ke puskesmas, identifikasi dan analisis kebutuhan media informasi, perencangan media informasi, ujicoba media, sosialisasi, dan evaluasi. Hasil yang diperoleh tersedianya media informasi dalam bentuk animasi, leaflet, dan banner tentang alur prosedur pelayanan di puskesmas.
Prevalence and Factors Associated to Dental Erosion in 12-year-Old School Children from the City of Joaçaba (SC-Brazil)
Authors: da Rosa de Carvalho Roberta Tagliari
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of erosion in the permanent dentition of 12-year-old schoolchildren in the municipality of Joaçaba (SC-Brazil) and identify the factors associated with this condition. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 222, 12-year-old schoolchildren in the municipality. The presence and severity of erosion were evaluated by the O’Brien index for the four maxillary incisors and first permanent molars A questionnaire was also applied to trace the hygiene-diet and health profile of the participants in relation to tooth erosion. The data obtained were statistically analyzed by the Chi-square test and logistic regression models (a=5%). The prevalence of erosion was 9% (CI95%, 0.53-3.46%), with lesions restricted to enamel. The presence of erosion was shown to be associated with variables related to the schoolchildren’s general health, oral hygiene and dietary habits. Only the variables acidity (OR=5.86; CI95%:1.65-20.77), habit of having a beverage at night (OR=5.49; CI95%:1.60-18.33) and not using dental floss (OR=4.44; CI95%:1.18-16.63) remained after analysis of the multiple logistic regression model. The presence of tooth erosion value was lower than that verified in the literature for the age-range of the study. The risk of developing tooth erosion was higher in children who had the habit of ingesting a beverage at night, those who did not use dental floss and reported having acidity.
Presence of Proteins In 17 percent EDTA after Contact with the Bovine Dentine
Authors: Salas López María Mercedes
Published: December 2019

EDTA 17% is a solution frequently used in endodontics for the extraction of the mineralized remains of dentine from the root canals. Its chelating action could affect the dentine making it susceptible to insults. The objective of the work is to identify proteins and inorganic components present in the 17% EDTA solution and in the Dentine after 30 minutes of contact.

Bovine uniradicular teeth obtained from young animals recently slaughtered for slaughterhouse have been devoid of the crowns and their roots were sectioned in the mesial and distal halves. The pulp was extracted with a cotton clip and the cement was worn with a curette and scalpel, without mechanical action of instruments. The half dentine of each tooth was suspended, one half in 2 ml of EDTA 17% and the remaining one or control in 2 ml of sterile distilled water. In the solution, total proteins were quantified by spectrophotometry (Lowry method) and separated by SDS-page 12% according to their molecular weights; by Raman spectroscopy the residual organic and inorganic ions were identified and semi-quantified in dentine.

Proteins of molecular weight less than 70 kDa were found that would correspond to proteins from the partially mineralized tissue. The Raman spectra of treated dentine confirm the results by changing the width and intensity of the peaks obtained for organic and inorganic components with respect to the control dentine. EDTA 17% in contact with bovine dentine affects the tissues as it produced alterations in its organic and inorganic composition.
Editor Note on Oral Antidiabetics Drugs: to Help Billions of Patients
Authors: Kpoumie Carolle Laure
Published: December 2019

Oral anti-diabetic drugs are drugs used to treat diabetes mellitus. They generally work by lowering blood sugar and their use depends on the nature of the diabetes, the age and circumstances of the person, and many other factors.
The Smoking Fiscal Space in Cuba
Authors: Hernandez Fe Fernandez
Published: December 2019

Smoking is one of the most researched risk factor around the world. This is because the bad consequences of smoking over life quality given by the morbidity and the mortality attributable to smoking. One of the main points to make stronger the smoking control is the use of the fiscal policy specially the tributary one. The implementation of effectives fiscals policy to smoking control must begin in the full understand about smoking impact over the society, the health and the economy. Several Cuban researcher had written about smoking epidemiologic consequences but the author who had written about the fiscal consequences attributable to smoking in Cuba are few and the researches too. That’s why this paper looks for describing the smoking fiscal space in Cuba. In Cuba smoking reduces the potential possibilities to obtain tributaries income from taxes over salaries because of the labor productivity lose, increase the spends from Public Health and Social Security and create serious uncertain about the foreign tobacco trade to finances the international currency needs from the tobacco sector and the induced needs from smoking to the Public Health.
Epidemiological Profile of the Cancer AR the Regional Hospital of Ngaoundere (Cameroon)
Authors: Ngaroua Ngaroua,
Published: December 2019

Objective: To determine the epidemiologic profile of tumours at the regional hospital of Ngaoundéré. Materials and methods: It were a descriptive retrospective design study carried out over a period of five years (2011-2015), on benign and malignant tumours diagnosed clinically and histologically with confirmed results from the laboratories of anatomic pathology of the university hospital of Yaoundé (CHU) and Centre Pasteur of Garoua. The studied parameters where age, sex, type of tumour, site of localisation, histopathological diagnoses, surgical resection.

Results: A total of 215 cases of tumours was registered amongst which 86.97% was benign and 13.03% malignant with a predominance sex ratio of 3:1 in favour of females.Ages varied in women between 31- 40 years with a mean age of 36.8 years for benign cases and 48.8 years for cancers. Leiomyoma with 50% was the most frequent of all benign tumours followed by fibro adenomas of the breast. Concerning malignant tumours, breast cancer recorded the highest frequency followed by the cancer of the cervix. In males, 24% of benign and 54% of malignant tumours were recorded within the age range of 51-60 years for benign and 61-70 yearsfor malignant. Benign prostate hypertrophy was the main tumours affecting men with a percentage of 68.88%, whereas, the most prevalent male cancer was still that of the prostate gland followed by the colorectal cancer.

Conclusion: Though the number of populations in this study was not representative of the Adamawa region,the incidence was similar to those observed in other countries as such, risk factors of tumours were the same therefore this study will better equip health leaders so as to develop and reinfor
SOME APPROACHES TO EVALUATION MACROECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF DIGITALISATION
Authors: Stremousova Elena , Buchinskaia Olga
Published: December 2019

Purpose – the purpose of the article is to study the effect of digitalisation development indicators on per-capita GDP growth.

Research methodology – the basic research method is the fixed-effects panel regression that describes the effect of the digitalisation development indicators on per-capita GDP between 1999 and 2017.

Findings – research showed the most critical factors for per-capita GDP growth are the ones that linked with fixed and mobile subscriptions.

Research limitations – The limitations of the research stem from the limitations of analysis as the method that has been employed makes it possible to measure the effect of the selected variables on per-capita GDP, but further research requires a detailed analysis of the factors being studied in application to each country.

Practical implications – The findings can be used as a basis for choosing areas of more detailed factor analysis of the digitalisation process effectiveness and can support investment decision-making.

Originality/Value – The study enables one to identify the most and the least important factors that are reflected by digitalisation indicators that have an impact on the per-capita GDP.
AUTONOMOUS UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE FLIGHT ACCURACY EVALUATION FOR THREE DIFFERENT PATH-TRACKING ALGORITHMS
Authors: Kikutis Ramūnas , Stankūnas Jonas , Rudinskas Darius
Published: December 2019

This paper shows mathematical results of three methods, which can be used for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to make transition from one flight leg to another. In paper, we present general equations, which can be used for generating waypoint-switching methods when for experiment purpose mathematical UAV model is used. UAV is modelled as moving dot, which eliminates all of the aerodynamics factors and we can concentrate only on the navigation problems. Lots of attention is dedicated to show possible flight path error values with representation of modelled flight path trajectories and deviations from the flight mission path. All of the modelled flight missions are done in two-dimensional space and all the results are evaluated by looking at Probability Density Function (PDF) values, as we are mostly interested in the probability of the error.