bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Civilian Mental Health Providers’ Knowledge in Providing Care for Active Duty Service Members: Opportunities for Improvement
Authors: Powers Angie , Lajoie Debra
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTION:

There are a growing number of civilian mental health providers who are treating active duty service members (ADSM) from referrals of local emergency rooms, directly from military installations, or when a military mental health program is unavailable. Civilian providers may be unprepared to address issues that are unique to this population.

AIM:

The purpose of this quality improvement project was to develop and implement a survey-based knowledge assessment, in order to assess civilian psychiatric advanced practice nurse’s (APN) perceptions, knowledge, and practice of treating ADSMs.

METHOD:

The investigator developed and validated a survey that was posted on the American Psychiatric Nurses Association All-Purpose Discussion Forum, and the snowball technique was utilized to enhance psychiatric APN colleague recruitment.

RESULTS:

Seventy-eight participants scored extremely low with average score of 40.4%; however, the psychiatric APNs who received formal training from the Department of Defense on unique mental health issues of ADSMs scored significantly higher (49.6%) than participants without the formal training (38.2%; p = .03).

CONCLUSIONS:

Understanding the knowledge gap of psychiatric APNs as it relates to the care of ADSMs will allow educators to recommend available trainings or develop trainings that are tailored to meet their needs.
Intimate Partner Violence Standardized Patient Simulation for Nurse Practitioner Students
Authors: Woroch Ruth A. , McNamara Mary
Published: June 2021

Objective:

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health threat in the United States, affecting millions of individuals and families. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing recommends that nursing programs, both baccalaureate and graduate, provide students didactic training and clinical experience in the assessment and management of IPV. Our goal was to expose Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) students and Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) students to a simulated IPV scenario so they are prepared to respond appropriately to a survivor’s disclosure of IPV when they begin clinical practice.

Methods:

We integrated a patient simulation scenario into our PMHNP and FNP curriculum. A combined group of PMHNP and FNP students participated in a simulation in which the standardized patient provided an unlikely explanation for her injuries. If students inquired about abuse, the patient revealed that she had experienced IPV. A pre- and posttest survey was used to evaluate student knowledge gain before and after the participating in the scenario. A Related Samples Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to evaluate the results.

Results:

Compared with pretest scores, students demonstrated improved confidence in screening for IPV as well as responding to a disclosure of IPV.

Conclusion:

Simulation provides a method to enhance student knowledge of incidence, risk, and best practices in relation to the screening, assessment and management of IPV.
Nursing Students’ Perceptions Toward Recovery in Mental Health: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Chua Wei Wei , Kuek Jonathan Han Loong , Goh Yong Shian
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Recovery in mental health remains inconclusive where the two most prevailing definitions “clinical” and “personal” remain. In nursing schools, students are predominantly taught straightforward concepts of clinical recovery, which result in only a perfunctory and rudimentary understanding of recovery among the undergraduates.

AIMS

To explore the perceptions of nursing undergraduates on recovery for people experiencing mental health conditions.

METHOD

A descriptive qualitative study was conducted on 14 nursing undergraduates from Years 1 to 4 of the study. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling, and the required sample size was determined by data saturation. Semistructured questions were used during the individual face-to-face interviews from October and December 2019. Recordings were transcribed verbatim; the transcripts were then subjected to thematic analysis.

RESULTS

Three themes were identified to support the research questions: (1) semantics of major terms used in mental health care—where participants provided the description of terminologies used; (2) the meaning of recovery—where participants explained their views on “recovery”; and (3) sources of conceptualization—where participants explained their conceptual understanding on mental health conditions and recovery.

CONCLUSION

The findings suggest that the need for a more holistic approach encompassing personal recovery should be included in the nursing curriculum. This is necessary to promote enabling support in the recovery of people experiencing mental health conditions beyond medical interventions.
Creative Atmosphere in Creative Tourism Destinations: Conceptualizing and Scale Development
Authors: Cheng Tien-Ming , Chen Mei-Tsun
Published: June 2021

Creating a creative atmosphere (CA) is the core value of creative tourism. The purpose of this study is conceptualize a construct of CA in “creative tourism destinations,” as well as to establish a set of reliable and valid measurement tools. In Study 1, we generated initial items through in-depth interviews and content analysis. In Study 2, we collected the first sample and investigated scale factor structure through exploratory factor analysis to obtain five factors: novel atmosphere, joyful atmosphere, artistic atmosphere, hedonic atmosphere, and distinctive atmosphere. A second sample was collected in Study 3 to verify the reliability of the CA scale with confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. This process netted 23 items. A major contribution of this study is to develop a multidimensional scale for CA consisting of the five factors—novel atmosphere, pleasurable atmosphere, artistic atmosphere, hedonic atmosphere, and distinctive atmosphere. The results of this study can be applied as a reference measurement tool for designing creative tourism at tourist destinations.
Loss aversion in hotel choice: Psychophysiological evidence
Authors: Chark Robin , King Brian
Published: June 2021

The authors investigate the psychophysiological correlates of loss aversion in hotel choice. Consumers are frequently found reluctant to shift their choice to a subsequent option from their first encountered hotel. The concept of loss aversion can explain this ordering effect. However, there is a knowledge gap about how exactly loss aversion leads to such inertia. The present study provides a more direct measurement of this decision process by examining electrodermal activities and reaction times when consumers are making hotel choices. The choice data provides evidence of reluctance to switch to higher quality hotels, though not to lower rated properties. Such a switch is found emotionally arousing as indicated by consumers’ electrodermal activity. The reaction time data further suggests that the swiftness of such decisions to “trade up” is associated with the greater vigilance and attention, rather than a cognitive conflict caused by the difficult tradeoff between the hotels.
To Connect and be Heard: Informal Dimension of School Mealtimes Represented by Students’ Self-initiated YouTube Videos
Authors: Janhonen Kristiina , Mäkelä Johanna
Published: June 2021

This qualitative observational study examines Finnish students’ self-initiated YouTube videos of school mealtimes, leaning theoretically on childhood sociology and social constructionist philosophy. Conceptualization of formal and informal dimensions of school mealtimes supported an examination of social media as a tool for children and young people for creative content production and expressions of agency, while acknowledging how their activities challenged formal rules and restrictions. The study shows how YouTube enabled students to construct cool and fun spaces within school mealtimes and provided them ways to voice their opinions of its formal contents. However, the publicity of social media resulted also with collisions between formal and informal dimensions, as the differing norms of online and offline contexts clashed. Overall, results illustrate social meanings of school mealtimes for students, their expressions of agency in relation to institutional boundaries and YouTube as a pathway for children and young people to connect and be heard.
Cardiac changes following arteriovenous fistula creation in a mouse model
Authors: Ingle Kevin , Pham Linh , Lee Viangkaeo , Guo Lingling , Isayeva-Waldrop Tatyana , Somarathna Maheshika , Lee Timmy
Published: June 2021

Background:

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation may negatively affect cardiac structure and function and impact cardiovascular mortality. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize the cardiac changes following AVF creation in a murine AVF model.

Methods:

AVFs were constructed using the carotid artery and jugular vein in C57BL/6 mice. Sham-operated AVF mice served as the control group. 2D-echocardiography was performed prior to AVF creation (baseline) and at 7 and 21 days after creation in AVF and sham-operated mice. Picrosirius red was used to stain the left ventricle for collagen production.

Results:

The cardiac output (CO), left ventricular end diastolic (LVEDD) and systolic (LVESD) diameter, and end-diastolic (LVEDV) and systolic (LVESV) volume was significantly increased at 7 and 21 days in AVF compared to sham-operated mice. There was also a significant increase in CO, LVEDD, LVESD, LVEDV, and LVESV from baseline to 21 days within the AVF group, but not the sham-operated mice. There was a significant decrease in ejection fraction and fractional shortening at 21 days in AVF compared to sham-operated mice. Picrosirius red was significantly more prominent around both the perivascular and interstitial areas of the cardiac tissue from AVF mice compared to sham-operated AVF mice at 21 days.

Conclusions:

The creation of an AVF in our murine model leads to cardiac changes such as increased cardiac output, left ventricular dilation, and cardiac fibrosis, while showing reductions of ejection fraction and fractional shortening.
A triple tunnel from the mid-calf to the femoral vein in patient with severe dementia
Authors: Ostroff Matthew , Hafez Nagwa , Ann Weite Toni
Published: June 2021

Achieving the ideal exit site is the new philosophy for complicated vascular access patients. Recent publications have described multiple venous access solutions such as tunneling to the scapular region, the chest to the arm, and from the femoral vein to the abdominal and patellar region. In the patients afflicted with delirium, dementia, or confusion even these sites may not be sufficient. The following case study illustrates a triple tunneled femoral catheter on a non-cooperative patient with inoperable endocarditis to be discharged and treated with long term antibiotics.
Overlapping stent insertion for a treatment-resistant seroma after arteriovenous fistulation using prosthetic grafts
Authors: Bae Miju , Jeon Chang Ho , Lee Chung Won , Huh Up , Jin Moran , Kwon Hoon
Published: June 2021

An arteriovenous fistula was required for permanent vascular access in a patient undergoing hemodialysis due to progressive chronic kidney disease associated with short bowel syndrome. In the present report, we discuss the case of a patient who underwent arteriovenous grafting because there was no proper native vein as a route, following which a seroma developed near the arterial anastomosis. Despite several surgical treatments, seroma not only recurred but also affected dialysis by compressing the graft. A stent was inserted into the graft to withstand the pressure from the seroma, and because one stent could not withstand the pressure, the stent overlapped where it received the most compression. Since then, the patency of graft has been well maintained for more than 2 years. Increasing the radial force of overlapping stents would be an alternative plan to help solve the problematic repeated compressible seroma despite multiple surgical treatments.
Levelling up: Global examples of reducing health inequalities
Authors: Bambra Clare
Published: June 2021

There are significant inequalities in health by socio-economic status, race/ethnicity, gender, neighbourhood deprivation and other axes of social inequality. Reducing these health inequalities and improving health equity is arguably the ‘holy grail’ of public health. This article engages with this quest by presenting and analysing historical examples of when sizeable population-level reductions in health inequalities have been achieved. Five global examples are presented ranging from the 1950s to the 2000s: the Nordic social democratic welfare states from the 1950s to the 1970s; the Civil Rights Acts and War on Poverty in 1960s USA; democratisation in Brazil in the 1980s; German reunification in the 1990s; and the English health inequalities strategy in the 2000s. Welfare state expansion, improved health care access, and enhanced political incorporation are identified as three commonly held ‘levellers’ whereby health inequalities can be reduced – at scale. The article concludes by arguing that ‘levelling up’ population health through reducing health inequalities requires the long-term enactment of macro-level policies that aggressively target the social determinants of health.
A single-item measure of childhood relationship quality and association with adult health and health behaviours
Authors: Love Gudmundur , Helgason Asgeir R. , Kristjansson Alfgeir L.
Published: June 2021

Aims:

Adverse childhood experiences are known to relate positively to various health risks and adverse health behaviour in adult life, although the precise mechanisms are still debated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a single-item measure of the quality of childhood relationships with family and household members might show a similar association.

Methods:

We measured the overall quality of relationships with family and household members during the first 18 years of life. A one-dimensional question scored 0–10 ( N=4983) was included in the ongoing SIBS Iceland Patient Association’s national ‘Life and Health’ public health prevention project among adults. Relationship quality was then assessed against measures of health and health behaviour using 21 validated scales.

Results:

A lower childhood relationships score was associated with a higher risk of all 21 suboptimal health and health behaviour outcomes in adulthood, with adjusted effect sizes measured by standardised betas (magnitude 0.111–0.284), variance explained (1.3–8.5%) and per-point adjusted odds ratios (1.10–1.30). The strongest associations were found with measures of social and mental health, followed by physical health, alcohol and tobacco use, sleeping problems, financial sustenance, physical pain and aerobic fitness.

Conclusions:

Odds were found to match well with pooled odds ratios presented in a systematic review of 37 adverse childhood experiences studies. This may indicate that a one-dimensional relationships question is a useful substitute in surveys in which a traditional multi-question adverse childhood experiences scale cannot be accommodated. Further investigations are recommended to investigate the applicability of a single adverse childhood experiences question.
Risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure among hospital healthcare workers in relation to patient contact and type of care
Authors: Klevebro Susanna , Bahram Fuad , Elfström K. Miriam , Hellberg Ulrika , Hober Sophia , Merid Simon Kebede , Kull Inger , Nilsson Peter , Tornvall Per , Wang Gang , Conneryd Lundgren Kalle , Ponzer Sari , Dillner Joakim , Melén Erik
Published: June 2021

Aim:

We aimed to assess prevalence of IgG antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and factors associated with seropositivity in a large cohort of healthcare workers (HCWs).

Methods:

From 11 May until 11 June 2020, 3981 HCWs at a large Swedish emergency care hospital provided serum samples and questionnaire data. Presence of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was measured as an indicator of SARS-CoV-2 exposure.

Results:

The total seroprevalence was 18% and increased during the study period. Among the seropositive HCWs, 11% had been entirely asymptomatic. Participants who worked with COVID-19 patients had higher odds for seropositivity: adjusted odds ratio 1.96 (95% confidence intervals 1.59–2.42). HCWs from three of the departments managing COVID-19 patients had significantly higher seroprevalences, whereas the prevalence among HCWs from the intensive care unit (also managing COVID-19 patients) was significantly lower.

Conclusions:

HCWs in contact with SARS-CoV-2 infected patients had a variable, but on average higher, likelihood for SARS-CoV-2 infections.
All-phase fast Fourier transform and multiple cross-correlation analysis based on Geiger iteration for acoustic emission sources localization in complex metallic structures
Authors: Li Yang , Xu Feiyun
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, the localization and identification of acoustic emission (AE) source is widely utilized to structural health monitoring (SHM) of complex metallic structures. However, traditional AE source localization methods are generally difficult to localize and characterize AE sources in plate-like structure that has complex geometric features. To alleviate the problem, a novel AE source localization method based on all-phase fast Fourier transform and multiple cross-correlation analysis is proposed in this article. Moreover, least squares and Geiger iteration algorithm are applied to determine the coordinates of AE sources. In addition, an improved Bayesian information criterion (BIC) version named autoregressive BIC (i.e., AR-BIC) is presented to increase the accuracy of source localization. To validate the performance of the proposed approach, the classical pencil lead break tests are carried out on a 316 L stainless steel with 10 laser cladding layers. Experimental waveforms are generated from AE sources near laser cladding layers, the surface of the structure, and on its edges. Additionally, to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach in three-dimensional AE source localization, an industrial storage tank is used to acquire three-dimensional AE sources through manually striking. Finally, to further verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, comparisons with conventional AE source location methods (i.e., PAC or SAMOS AE acquisition system, Newton’s method, and multiple cross-correlation based on Geiger algorithm) and two representative approaches (i.e., deep learning and Bayesian methodology) for localizing AE sources generated by complex metallic structures are conducted. The comparative results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in AE-based SHM of complex metallic structures.
A Longitudinal Investigation of First-Generation College Students’ Mentoring Relationships During Their Transition to Higher Education
Authors: Hagler Matthew A. , Christensen Kirsten M. , Rhodes Jean E.
Published: June 2021

Non-parent mentoring relationships are important protective factors for first-generation college students. Previous research has focused on singular mentoring relationships measured at one time point, failing to capture the breadth and dynamic nature of social networks. The current study is a longitudinal investigation of first-generation students’ mentoring networks during their transition to college at a four-year, predominantly minority-serving commuter university. At the beginning and end of their first year, students (N = 176) responded to online surveys on their mentoring relationship(s), attitudes toward help-seeking, and college experiences. Cumulative support from pre-college mentoring relationships retained across the first year was positively associated with self-efficacy. Support from newly acquired mentoring relationships was positively associated with psychological sense of school membership. Network orientation was positively associated with self-efficacy and sense of school membership. These findings highlight the importance of diverse mentoring networks and demonstrate the utility of collecting longitudinal data on multiple mentoring relationships.
Seeking Deep Relations in a Precarious Industry: Addressing Mental Health through Independent Videogame Development
Authors: Ruffino Paolo
Published: June 2021

Anxiety, depression, burnout and impostor syndrome are frequently reported among those who work in the videogame industry, and are exacerbated among independents and freelancers. The article draws on interviews with four London-based independent videogame developers who have engaged with the production of videogames about mental health. The article argues that conceiving, producing and releasing these games is understood by their makers as a strategy to establish relations with consumers, participants and other developers that could break the invisible barriers that prevent dialogs around mental wellness. More than being concerned with the outcome of their work or its commercial success, developers seek relations with other game workers and players through the process of making, researching, testing, and showing their videogames. The development of videogames about mental health is interpreted by the participants as facilitating exchanges of autobiographical experiences that are otherwise regulated by the norms of professional networking.
Out-of-Home Activities and Health in Older Adults: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rotenberg Shlomit , Fritz Heather , Chippendale Tracy , Lysack Catherine , Cutchin Malcolm
Published: June 2021

Participating in out-of-home (OOH) activities has been shown to benefit health in older adults. This scoping review aimed to describe the nature of the literature on OOH activities and health in community dwelling older adults, and the operationalization of OOH activity and health-related variables. We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Four databases were searched; studies were selected through title/abstract and full-text screening; and data on study characteristics, sample, and OOH activity and health-related variables were extracted, and summarized descriptively. Sixty articles were identified. There was a considerable focus on leisure and social activities (78% and 75%, respectively) but no predominant health-related outcome was identified. Few studies analyzed sex/gender and/or racial differences (25% and 2%, respectively). Future studies may include systematic reviews focused on health outcomes associated with social and leisure OOH activities; as well as gender-based and/or race-based differences in OOH and health relationships.
Investigation of the fifth generation non-orthogonal multiple access technique for defense applications using deep learning
Authors: Malladi Ravisankar , Beuria Manoj Kumar , Shankar Ravi , Singh Sudhansu Sekhar
Published: June 2021

In modern wireless communication scenarios, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) provides high throughput and spectral efficiency for fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G systems. Traditional NOMA detectors are based on successive interference cancellation (SIC) techniques at both uplink and downlink NOMA transmissions. However, due to imperfect SIC, these detectors are not suitable for defense applications. In this paper, we investigate the 5G multiple-input multiple-output NOMA deep learning technique for defense applications and proposed a learning approach that investigates the communication system’s channel state information automatically and identifies the initial transmission sequences. With the use of the proposed deep neural network, the optimal solution is provided, and performance is much better than the traditional SIC-based NOMA detectors. Through simulations, the analytical outcomes are verified.
Cost-effective reliable transmission service for Internet of Flying Things
Authors: Hassan Najmul , Khan Noor M
Published: June 2021

High-speed quality Internet provision for aircraft passengers is thought to be one of the major unresolved challenges for ubiquitous Internet provision. This article aims to resolve the problem of airborne Internet access with high quality of service for modern Internet of things devices. Large remote regions in the ocean along the busy air routes (e.g. Atlantic Ocean) require high-speed, reliable, and low-cost airborne Internet (i.e. Internet provision to the aircraft) to manage various delay- and throughput-sensitive applications. Conventional satellite-based solutions can be an alternate for Internet provision in such far-flung areas; but, such solutions are lacking quality of service (with longer delays and low bandwidth) and are significantly costly. Fortunately, the underwater optical fiber cables deployed across the oceans pass along the same busy air routes. This infrastructure of underwater optical fiber cables can be exploited for Internet backbone providing high quality of service for wireless Internet provision to the commercial aircraft. Dedicated stationary ships deployed along these underwater optical fiber cables can be utilized for Internet provision, navigation, and security to ships and aircraft. This article not only proposes the networking infrastructure of the submarine cable-based airborne Internet access architecture but also presents a novel routing scheme for airborne ad hoc networks. Also, we analyze quality of service provision as compared to other existing techniques. Our simulation results show that our proposed solution outperforms other existing schemes for airborne Internet service provision, in the presence of high mobility and dynamic topology changes.
‘Thank you for your compliance’: Overwatch as a Disciplinary System
Authors: Tomkinson Sian , van den Ende Benn
Published: June 2021

Toxicity in online multiplayer games has long been an issue, and game developers implement various strategies such as reputation systems to curb such behaviour. Although Foucault’s notion of discipline seems an ideal lens through which to analyse such reputation systems, as of yet there has been little work on the subject. This article addresses the reputation system implemented in 2018 by Blizzard, who created an endorsement system in the team-based multiplayer shooter Overwatch. This successfully encouraged positive player behaviour by implementing rewards, rather than only punishments. In this article, we examine the endorsement system as an example of Foucault’s discipline, one that is particularly relevant to game design because it uses incentives as well as deterrents. We argue that the endorsement system is particularly effective as a form of discipline because it includes players as part of the process, by actively constructing subjects (gamers) to fit a pre-defined mould.
Distal-Ulna Stump Stability: The Role of Distal Interosseous Membrane: Myth or Reality? Anatomical Research
Authors: Poitevin Luciano A. , Postan Daniel , Valente Sergio
Published: June 2021

Background

Distal-ulna stump (DUS) instability often occurs when performing a distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) arthroplasty. Recent studies suggest that the distal interosseous membrane (DIOM) reinforces the triangular fibrocartilage complex, providing additional stability to the DRUJ. The aim of this study was to determine whether the DIOM stabilizes the ulnar stump.

Methods

Twenty fresh-frozen random forearms were dissected. The presence of a distal oblique bundle (DOB) was recorded and measured. The radius was fixed to a vise and the ulna kept free. The DRUJ was fixed with a lag screw. A bone slice was removed by transverse ulna osteotomies 10 and 15 mm proximal to the DRUJ. A 10-N force was applied to the ulna in dorsal and volar directions. Displacements were measured. The DIOM was then transected, and maneuvers and measurements were repeated and compared.

Results

A distinct distal membrane was present in 70% and a cord-like DOB in 30%. The mean length was 29 mm. Its origin was proximal to the sigmoid notch; its insertion was on the distal third of the ulna, at its lateral border. This attachment is comprised between 39 and 48 mm proximal to the ulnocarpal joint. Initial displacements averaged 22 mm dorsally and 13 mm volarly. After DIOM transection, ulnar translocation increased to 31 mm dorsally and 19 mm volarly.

Conclusion

In DRUJ arthroplasties, the DIOM does not appear to be a stabilizer of the DUS beneath a useful threshold. Its retaining effect occurs only after an initial 22-mm dorsal displacement, which we consider not clinically admissible. Therefore, in DRUJ arthroplasties, some augmentation might be advisable.
Plant-Based Diet and IGF-1 Modulation on HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Lifestyle Medicine Nutrition Approach in Oncology
Authors: Simões Laurinda M. F. R. , Tavares Nelson A. R. , Ferreira-Pêgo Cíntia
Published: June 2021

Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer in women worldwide, where nutritional intervention should be part of a multidisciplinary lifestyle approach in oncology, promoting therapeutic success. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), along with estrogen, can promote the development of neoplastic cells in breast tissue. Cancers that develop under IGF-1 stimulation are often resistant to therapy. This case report describes a 47-year-old woman, body mass index 27.4 kg/m2, with HER2-positive breast cancer, as well as elevated blood glucose, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Soon after her breast cancer diagnosis, she transitioned from a Western pattern diet (WPD) to a predominantly whole-food, plant-based diet (PWFPBD) for 1035 days, followed by 232 days of PWFPBD plus night fasting for 16 hours per day. IGF-1 decreased 22.38%, glycemia and total cholesterol decreased by −55.06% and −36.00% at the end of the first intervention and went up by 6.25%, and 3.87%, respectively, at the end of the second intervention. A PWFPBD, with or without 16-hour overnight fasting, seems to modulate plasma levels of IGF-1 on a 47-year-old woman diagnosed with breast cancer, type HER2-positive. Future research, should explore the physiologic and pathophysiological mechanisms and clarify whether this dietary strategy, may be clinically useful in preventing HER2-positive breast cancer.
Venous malformations with severe localized intravascular coagulopathy treated with microwave ablation
Authors: Tai Mao-Zhong , Wang Yu-Ping , Chen Tao , Li Ke-Lei , Xu Zhen-Guo , Ge Chun-Xiao , Qin Zhong-Ping , Zheng Jia-Wei
Published: June 2021

Objectives

To evaluate the safety and feasibility of microwave ablation for treating venous malformations (VMs) with severe localized intravascular coagulopathy (LIC).

Patients and methods

Data for patients with the diagnosis of VMs coupled with severe LIC who underwent color Doppler-guided microwave dynamic ablation between January 2017 and June 2019 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. All patients had previously received sclerotherapy or other treatments with poor outcomes and gradual aggravation of coagulation abnormalities. Microwave treatment with “dynamic ablation” was performed with real-time color Doppler monitoring and was repeated if necessary after 3 months. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) was used to control consumptive coagulopathy. The therapeutic efficacy including coagulation function and lesion size was evaluated using the four-level scale developed by Achauer.

Results

Among 15 patients with extensive diffuse or multiple VMs, 10 patients presented with lesions in a single lower extremity, one in both lower extremities and the perineum, one in both upper extremities and the trunk, and three with multiple lesions. The patients underwent a total of 74 microwave ablation sessions, with an average of 4.9 sessions per person. Coagulation abnormalities were temporarily aggravated in 59 sessions within the first seven days post-ablation but improved to grade II (fair) a week later. From six months to three years after the ablation, the lesions improved to grade IV (excellent) in one patient, grade III (good) in six patients, and grade II (fair) in eight patients. Moreover, the coagulation function improved to grade IV in four patients, grade III in eight patients, and grade II in three patients, resulting in an efficiency rate of 80% (12/15). Post-ablation complications included fever, hemoglobinuria, and elevations in aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alanine aminotransferase. The patients with fever and hemoglobinuria recovered after specific therapeutic measures, but elevations in aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alanine aminotransferase recovered spontaneously without further interventions.

Conclusions

Ablation coupled with anticoagulation can effectively treat VMs in patients with severe LIC and improve the long-term coagulation function.
Infection control practices and challenges in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Abbas Salma , Sultan Faisal
Published: June 2021

Background:

Patient and staff safety at healthcare facilities during outbreaks hinges on a prompt infection prevention and control response. Physicians leading these programmes have encountered numerous obstacles during the pandemic.

Aim/objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate infection prevention and control practices and explore the challenges in Pakistan during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study and administered a survey to physicians leading infection prevention and control programmes at 18 hospitals in Pakistan.

Results:

All participants implemented universal masking, limited the intake of patients and designated separate triage areas, wards and intensive care units for coronavirus disease 2019 patients at their hospitals. Eleven (61%) physicians reported personal protective equipment shortages. Staff at three (17%) hospitals worked without the appropriate personal protective equipment due to limited supplies. All participants felt overworked and 17 (94%) reported stress. Physicians identified the lack of negative pressure rooms, fear and anxiety among hospital staff, rapidly evolving guidelines, personal protective equipment shortages and opposition from hospital staff regarding the choice of recommended personal protective equipment as major challenges during the pandemic.

Discussion:

The results of this study highlight the challenges faced by physicians leading infection prevention and control programmes in Pakistan. It is essential to support infection prevention and control personnel and bridge the identified gaps to ensure patient and staff safety at healthcare facilities.
Associations of loneliness and social isolation with physical and mental health among adolescents and young adults
Authors: Christiansen J , Qualter P , Friis K , Pedersen SS , Lund R , Andersen CM , Bekker-Jeppesen M , Lasgaard M
Published: June 2021

Aims:

The present study investigates whether loneliness and social isolation are associated with poor physical and mental health among adolescents and young adults, and whether age and gender play a role in the associations of loneliness and social isolation with mental and physical health.

Methods:

This study used cross-sectional self-report data from the 2017 Danish Health and Morbidity Surveys titled ‘How are you?’ ( N = 19,890, M = 22.6 years).

Results:

Logistic regression analyses showed that loneliness and social isolation were independently associated with poor physical and mental health. Loneliness was associated with increased odds of asthma, migraine, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension, slipped disc/back pain, tinnitus, long-term mental illness, depressive symptomatology, anxiety symptomatology and alcohol problems. Social isolation was associated with decreased odds of having migraine, osteoarthritis and alcohol problems, and an increased risk of long-term mental illness and depressive symptomatology. Small age and gender differences were detected.

Conclusions:

In adolescents and young adults, loneliness and social isolation were associated with poor mental health and loneliness with poor physical health. These findings highlight the need for targeted prevention and intervention initiatives to alleviate loneliness and social isolation.
Rehabilitation Variability Following Femoral Condyle and Patellofemoral Microfracture Surgery of the Knee
Authors: Crowley Stephen G. , Swindell Hasani W. , Saltzman Bryan M. , Ahmad Christopher S. , Popkin Charles A. , Trofa David P.
Published: June 2021

Objective:

To assess the variability of postoperative rehabilitation protocols used by orthopedic surgery residency programs for microfracture of femoral condyle and patellofemoral lesions of the knee.

Design:

Online postoperative microfracture rehabilitation protocols from US orthopedic programs and the scientific literature were reviewed. A custom scoring rubric was developed to analyze each protocol for the presence of discrete rehabilitation modalities and the timing of each intervention.

Results:

A total of 18 programs (11.6%) from 155 US academic orthopedic programs’ published online protocols and a total of 44 protocols were analyzed. Seventeen protocols (56.7%) recommended immediate postoperative bracing for femoral condyle lesions and 17 (89.5%) recommended immediate postoperative bracing for patellofemoral lesions. The average time to permitting weight-bearing as tolerated (WBAT) was 6.1 weeks (range, 0-8) for femoral condyle lesions and 3.7 weeks (range, 0-8 weeks) for patellofemoral lesions. There was considerable variation in the inclusion and timing of strength, proprioception, agility, and pivoting exercises. For femoral condyle lesions, 10 protocols (33.3%) recommended functional testing prior to return to sport at an average of 23.3 weeks postoperatively (range, 12-32 weeks). For patellofemoral lesions, 4 protocols (20.0%) recommended functional testing for return to sport at an average of 21.0 weeks postoperatively (range, 12-32 weeks).

Conclusion:

A minority of US academic orthopedic programs publish microfracture rehabilitation protocols online. Among the protocols currently available, there is significant variability in the inclusion of specific rehabilitation components and timing of many modalities. Evidence-based standardization of elements of postoperative rehabilitation may help improve patient care and subsequent outcomes.
Psychological distance as a working tool for managers
Authors: Didi Alaoui Mohamed , Cova Véronique
Published: June 2021

This article presents a synthesis of research that has drawn on the concept of psychological distance around questions related to prosocial consumer behavior, digitalization of consumption, and marketing practices. Our study is based on a meta-synthesis of 584 articles from psychology and marketing journals. It consolidates and validates the knowledge of the concept of psychological distance in these different marketing themes. It also shows how psychological distance can be used by managers to improve consumer responses. Managers can act directly on distance by reducing or increasing it to take advantage of the benefits of psychological proximity or remoteness. They can also adjust the variables of the marketing mix according to the psychological distance experienced by the consumer in order to make information processing more fluent and, ultimately, to improve the consumer’s responses.
Total Femoral Replacement- A Case Report
Authors: Guerra Jose , Chaghouri Patrick , Guerra Jose Andres , Peters Sophia Lorina
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Total femoral replacement(TFR) is a well-recognized salvage procedure performed after multiple failed endoprosthetic replacements, which result in severely compromised bone stock and damaged structural integrity. TFR is performed as an alternative to lower limb amputation, restoring femoral integrity and enabling patients to resume ambulation. TFR is expected to be performed more frequently as the worldwide rate of revision arthroplasty increases due to improved patient survival rates and their underlying diseases, exceeding the functional life of endoprosthetic arthroplasty. We present a 74-year-old, overweight woman with an extensive surgical history with respect to her right knee. Her right lower extremity x-rays showed a long-cemented stem knee tumour prosthesis and a Garden 4 subcapital fracture of the ipsilateral hip. Due to multiple surgeries of the knee and femur in the past, a total femoral replacement was required to be performed. The procedure was successful, and the expected outcome was met. A successful procedure performed by a skilled and experienced surgical team, a thorough rehabilitation program, and prompt post-operative management of complications, can overcome the high incidence of infection and dislocation to preserve the limb with improved functionality and reduce pain. TFR is a drastic operative intervention that can preserve the quality of life for most patients.
Reflections on Blended Learning in Management Education: A Qualitative Study with a Push-pull Migration Perspective
Authors: Gupta Jaya , Garg Kapil
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 pandemic is a major disruptor for education today. Its onset has necessitated innovations in design and delivery of teaching and learning environment with extensive technology integration. The present study aims to scan the factors that are bringing about major transformations in management education in current times. The study extends the demographic push-pull (PP) migratory model to explain and analyse the factors that can enable a smooth transit to a technology enabled virtual teaching and learning mode in business schools or B-schools. In the present phenomenological qualitative study, based on the management faculty responses, the major pull and push factors influencing this switching decision are identified. The data is gathered using semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions designed to answer the research questions. The conceptual model has been proposed that portrays the factors influencing switching intentions. This article highlights the need of reforms in the prevailing management educational models. Also, it provides insights into how the necessary changes in Management Education 4.0 that are important to improve the overall learning experience of future business leaders.
Investigating the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Competitive Performance: An Empirical Study Based on Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Yadav Miklesh Prasad , Sinha Neena
Published: June 2021

The present study examines the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on competitive performance of Indian companies. The proxies for the CSR and competitive performance are CSR expenditure and price to book ratio, respectively. The study is based on the 32 companies awarded by CII-ITC Sustainability Awards during 2010–2011 to 2017–2018. After collecting the data of price to book ratio, leverage, CSR expenditure and revenue of entire sample companies, panel data regression has been used to observe the impact of CSR on competitive performance. The results reveal insignificant relationship between CSR and competitive performance. It is noticed that firms do not have a CSR strategy that unifies the diverse range of a company’s philanthropic initiatives under one umbrella. Hence, the present study suggests to embed CSR into the company’s core business strategy.
A Case of IgG4-Related Kidney Disease Developing While on Steroid Treatment for Autoimmune IgG4 Pancreatitis
Authors: Reyes Jonathan Vincent M. , Maldonado Dawn , Stern Aaron S. , Brown Maritza
Published: June 2021

IgG4 (immunoglobulin G4)-related systemic disease is an autoimmune process affecting multiple organ systems. This inflammatory process can present as but not limited to pancreatitis, cholangitis, or unspecified kidney disease. In this case, our patient developed IgG4-related kidney disease while already on a prolonged steroid course for IgG4-related pancreatitis. The patient ultimately had renal recovery after starting a higher dose of prednisone, but also developed steroid-related complications. This case further highlights the relationship between IgG4 diseases now termed IgG4-related systemic disease. This case brings to light the need for further investigative research into ideal steroid dosing, as well as steroid-sparing agents for IgG4-related systemic disease.
Follow the Leader? The Impact of Leader Rapport Management on Social Loafing
Authors: Lam Chris , Campbell Kim Sydow
Published: June 2021

To prepare students for the workforce, instructors of business, technical, and professional communication must incorporate team projects in their curriculum. However, both instructors and students have negative perceptions of team projects due to a variety of factors including team dysfunctions like social loafing. No prior study has examined the relationship between leader rapport management (LRM) and social loafing. LRM refers to the use of linguistic strategies to manage relationships between leaders and members. Therefore, we built and tested a model that examines the relationship between LRM and social loafing that is mediated by leader-member exchange and communication quality.
The Other Agrarian Urbanisation: Urbanism in the Village
Authors: Glover Will
Published: June 2021

This article considers a range of early twentieth-century projects in which rural space was made subject to an ensemble of institutional forms and practices grounded in emergent urban paradigms. The projects in rural reconstruction I consider here seized on village space and the minds and souls of villagers as their terrain of operation. Rural reconstruction entailed the production of intimate knowledge of the rural population, the development of affective modes of engagement with them, and investments of governmental power not only in state institutions but in more abstract concepts like the ‘rural community’. Many projects were largely propagandistic; their concrete effects were minimal. But rural reconstruction brought urban logics, objects, and institutional forms directly into village milieus in ways that continue to shape how India’s urban and rural areas are conceptualised and operate in relation to one another. If urbanism in India today is deeply enmeshed in agrarian processes, then this article attempts to reverse the gaze by asking how expert knowledge directed towards managing rural change in twentieth-century India depended crucially on emergent urban paradigms.
Recasting Land: Agrarian Urbanism in Amaravati
Authors: Upadhya Carol
Published: June 2021

The article explores how the unfolding of the Amaravati project in Andhra Pradesh, India, was shaped by the region’s caste-based agrarian social and political formation. It shows how caste structures not only access to land, resources and power, but also the agrarian land transition in the context of a ‘new city’ project. In particular, caste structured the process of land pooling as well as the land market due to the historical embedding of caste in the land governance system. The article outlines two major ways in which caste inequalities and tensions were reproduced and sharpened—the rapid dispossession of Dalits by the unleashing of a speculative land market, and their marginalisation in the land pooling process. These processes are attributed to the institutionalisation of caste within the land revenue bureaucracy and the entrenchment of caste power and ideology within and beyond the state in the Coastal Andhra region, leading to a caste-based ‘land grab’. In response, Dalits mounted opposition to their marginalisation by framing unequal compensation for assigned lands and the alienation of assigned lands as manifestations of caste oppression. The eruption of caste struggles around land in what was supposed to become India’s first ‘fully planned’ city illustrates a key dimension of ‘agrarian urbanisation’ in contemporary India.