bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROBLEMS OF STRATEGIC PLANNING OF OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY IN A TURBULENT ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Management Department of L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Amerkhanova A. B. ,   amerkhanova080@gmail.com,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0465-272X, Meshkov V. R. ,   Associate Professor, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia; meshkov_vr@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6539-0159
Published: October 2020

In market conditions the external environment, economy, technology, politics, culture and society in general that affect the organization's activities are constantly changing. Therefore, strategic analysis and planning is a tool for forming an attitude to the future of the organization taking into account these changes, as a tool for reacting and adapting to such changes. To ensure the adaptability of strategic planning, effective contingency measures must be provided for in all types of planning. At the same time, at each stage of strategic planning, its adaptive potential must be realized. In a competitive economy, most domestic enterprises are required to make qualitatively new decisions for long-term effective development. Planning should facilitate the adaptation of the enterprise to market requirements in accordance with the goals and objectives of the enterprise, its internal capabilities and environmental conditions. In this regard, planning is becoming more and more strategic. However, traditional long-term planning does not lose its relevance, since strategic planning is based on traditional long-term planning. In developed market economies, tools for developing long-term development scenarios for companies have been the subject of research for decades. The experience of foreign forecasting is widely used by Kazakhstani companies today. However, as practice shows, direct use and copying of foreign experience in the development of strategies often lead to errors and distortions. In practice, Kazakh companies need to apply appropriate tools and mechanisms for strategic planning, coordinated and adapted to the specific risks. The goals and main provisions of strategic planning of oil companies are discussed in the article. The role of the oil industry in the main macroeconomic indicators of the country's development is shown.
ARRANGEMENT OF THE NATIONAL SYSTEMS OF REGULATORY IMPACT ASSESSMENT: EXPERIENCE OF RUSSIA, KAZAKHSTAN, AND UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Professor, Director Deputy on Science of the High School of Economics and Management, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Turgel I. D. ,   turgel@k96.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000- 0001-8647-7739, Panzabekova A. Zh. ,   Candidate of Economics, Docent, Director Deputy on Science of the Institute of Economics of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan; aksanat@mail.ru; https://orhid.org/0000-0002-6389-9637, Symaniuk N. V. ,   Candidate of Juridical Sciences, Docent of the Department of Theory, Methodology and Legal support, Institute of Economics and Management, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia; n.v.symaniuk@urfu.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-857X
Published: October 2020

The present research is aimed at comparative analysis of approaches to the arrangement of the national systems on the regulatory impact assessment in the post-Soviet countries – Russia, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan, revealing of existing problems in arranging the regulatory impact assessment in the mentioned countries, and formulating of the best practices in arranging the regulatory impact assessment to improve the activity and effectiveness of this institute. The results of the research can be used by the state governmental bodies of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan, supranational structures of the Eurasian Economic Union to justify the most effective ways of adoption and implementation of the managerial decisions in the field of regulatory policy, to enhance the transparency of the state policy in the post-Soviet countries, and forming of the effective interaction model of the state, business, and civil society. Following the research results, the prospective trends of the national systems of the regulatory impact assessment development are suggested.
COMPETITIVENESS OF THE REGION AS A TRANSFORMATION BASIS FOR THE ECONOMY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Kandidates degree in Economic sciences, Academician E. A. Buketov Karaganda University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Arynova Zh. Z. ,   mamatai1966@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3365-2534, Abdykarimov A. Т. ,   Economics, Karaganda Economic University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Karaganda, Kazakhstan; aliyata@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5440-9803, Zhetpisbayeva M. К. ,   Academic degree: Candidate of Economic Sciences, Karaganda Economic University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Karaganda, Kazakhstan; rimakeu@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 1341-3563, Salzhanova Z. A. ,   Doctor of Economics, Professor, Karaganda Economic University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Karaganda, Kazakhstan; satname.@bk.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0763-3399, Kuttybaeva N. B. ,   Senior Lecturer, Karaganda Economic University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Karaganda, Kazakhstan; nurg_78@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8250-4111, Kenges G. K. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Kazakh Agrotechnical University named after S. Seifullin, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan; gulji@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8529-8923
Published: October 2020

. In the era of globalization, the development of countries with a small open economy largely depends on the intensity of using various forms of international economic relations, among which the competitiveness of each country plays a special role. At the present stage of development, the problem of competitiveness is central to the economic policy of the state. Creating competitive advantages over an opponent becomes a strategic direction of the state and its bodies and applies to all levels of the hierarchy: products (goods and services), enterprises, industries, regions and the country as a whole, but the country's competitiveness is of particular importance. The competiti-veness of the region is determined in comparison with other similar facilities. This characteristic refers to estimated indicators, therefore, it assumes, along with the subject and subject of the assessment, the presence of certain criteria. Evaluation criteria (goals) may be the market position, the pace of development, the ability to pay for the borrowed funds received, consumer properties in relation to the price of the goods, etc.
IDENTIFICATION OF TEACHING COMPETENCIES AMONG TVET INSTRUCTORS TOWARDS THE REALIZATION OF 4TH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Authors:   (Technical and Vocational Education) from The National University of Malaysia, MSc (Vocational Education) from Universiti Putra Malaysia, B. Tech. Ed (Civil Eng) from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Minghat Asnul Dahar ,   asnul@utm.my,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6831-110X, Ana A. ,   Technical and Vocational Education, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Home Economics Education, Universitas Pendidikan in Indonesia; ana@upi.edu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6480-951X, Jamaludin Suhaida ,   ostgraduate MSEE, Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Mustakim Siti Salina ,   Educational Measurement, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Foundation Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia; mssalina@upm.edu; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6233- 1417, Shumov Petr V. ,   Candidate of Law (PhD in Law), Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure, M.M. Speranskiy Law Institute (Law Institute named after M.M. Speranskiy), Vladimir State University, Vladimir, Russia; pshumov@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9275-9791
Published: October 2020

Developing in the field of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) continuously is a challenge for the career of TVET instructors to maintain their success. It is very necessary to encourage teachers for making progress in teaching and efficient learning. It is also of great importance to have the ability to understand the skills that are required by their job needs. From a broader perspective, those trained through the processes of vocational learning will meet the labor market's skill needs. In the aftermath of this study, teaching should be focused on the profile of the teaching competencies of the TVET-instructor. The Delphi approach was the compilation, interpretation, and evaluation of qualitative data in this study. Qualitative data was collected from the 11 expert panels of TVET, based on their skills and experience. The quantitative data were collected using the questionnaire set by the researcher based on the competence of the teaching elements proposed by the Delphi system. The random sampling technique was used as respondents from five selected public skills training institutions in the selection of 106 mechanical engineering and manufacturing technology instructors. Research findings have shown that the dimension of teaching technique is important for teaching profiles of competencies at the instructors of the Public Skills Training Institution TVET. In the context of mastering the competence for the implementation of the 4th Industrial Revolution, the study also found that the use of project-based learning methods is ranked as the lesser in teaching methodology as it should be reinforced at five selected training institutions for public skills.
THE ESSENCE AND CONTENT OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
Authors:   corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Chief Researcher of the Institute of Philosophy, Politology and Religion of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Doctor of Science in Philosophy, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Seitakhmetova N. L. ,   nseytakhmetova@bk.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-5406, Kussainov D. U. ,   Doctor of Science in Philosophy, Professor, Kazakh national pedagogical University named after Abai, Almaty, Kazakhstan; daur958@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4274-5986, Ayupova Z. K. ,   Doctor of Science in Law, Professor of Law, Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; zaure567@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5925-1619, Kuttybekkyzy G. ,   Doctoral student, Kazakh national pedagogical University named after Abai, Almaty, Kazakhstan; guskoni_92@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0018-1871, Nurov M. M. ,   Doctoral student, Professor, Kazakh national pedagogical University named after Abai, Almaty, Kazakhstan; markhabat-nur@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1219-3298
Published: October 2020

Islamic education is the component of the educational process in post secular society, because the post secularity today acquires another sense than in the last century. Post secularity as the continuation of the secular process in the modern historical, sociocultural and political processes was found as an epoch, involving the secular educational projects in the modern time. If in the past century theology education was distanced from pragmatism of the secular educational practices, finding them too utilitarian and maintenance of man in the world; today theologies, designing the religious education, enter the modern scientific secular dialogues in the standardized programs of education. Criticism of the secular education was related to the problem of crisis of the western thinking. The wellknown thinkers of the West declared about this crisis.
THE ISLAMIC WORLD IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERNIZATION IN THE ERA OF GLOBALIZATION: DYNAMICS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   The actor of culture, of The Republic of Kazakhstan doctor of philosophical sciences, professor The vice predident on the social support and upbrining issues «Akhmet Yassawi International KazakhTurkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan, Abuov Amrekul ,   naukakaz@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4408-3923, Orazaliyev Bakhytzhan ,   Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Eurasian National University; Orazali_BA@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6834-7612, Raimkulova Aktoty ,   Doctor of Art History on musicology and musical art, DBA, Minister of Culture and Sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan; aqtoty.raimqulova@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0826-3652
Published: October 2020

Geographical migration, intercultural and inter-civilizational interactions are not the only phenomena of the last decade of the XX century. The search for knowledge and the spread of the teachings of Allah (Christianity, Islam or Buddhism) and the search for livelihoods are among the reasons that trade and migration inevitably lead people to interact with one another. Wars and political arrogance, aimed at expanding the borders of the empire, and the constant attempt to rule the world are another factor in the reorganization of power to create global alliances. Given this, we can say that globalization is not a new phenomenon. After the Industrial Revolution and the rise of world capitalism, with the advent of lighter and faster communications, transport and other infrastructure, relations between the peoples of the world, cultural dialogue, interaction have grown and become more and more new every year. began to happen. To get an idea of the main features of modernization, it is necessary to refer to the experience of industrial societies in Europe and North America. Historical, scientific and technological progress has played a key role in the transformation of traditional European feudal society into a modern capitalist society. As a result of this progress, developing on the basis of pragmatism, the relations between new social classes, individuals and groups were reorganized, which underwent significant changes.
MODERNIZATION PROCESSES IN THE MODERN FINE ART
Authors:   Doctoral Student, 2-Year of Study, Kazakh National Academy of Art named after T.K. Zhurgenov, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Karabalayeva B. R. ,   balnur_karabalaeva@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3061-8675, Pelshe S. ,   Art critic of the Latvian University of arts, Riga, Latvia; stella.pelshe@bk.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0918-9818, Seitakhmetova N. L. ,   corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Chief Researcher of the Institute of Philosophy, Politology and Religion of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Doctor of Science in Philosophy, Almaty, Kazakhstan; nseytakhmetova@bk.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-5406
Published: October 2020

Today, in the visual arts of Kazakhstan, the actual art is developing dynamically. Although the popularity of new technologies has been observed only in the last decade, there are selected, unique works in the actual art of Kazakhstan. The artists received the core of actual art they were interested in from the conceptual art of Russia. It began to expand, because in General, within the framework of conceptual art, social and basic ideas were very well developed. This affected not only the spiritual process, but also people's thoughts. The main search for contemporary art can be observed in the creation of mythological images. The attempt of brush masters to abstract originates from bold fantasies that smoothly pass to iconic images, along with various ways of image; there are attempts to convey the idea of compositional works. In the article, the authors review the space of historical development of the art of Kazakh painting. In addition, the modern art of painting in Portugal is offered as an analysis of the set themes and positions of modern art of painting, comparative analyses are provided. Today’s visual art landmarks will be used to analyze the predictive and critical point of view of the past and future.
INFLUENCE OF DESIGN AND MONUMENTAL PAINTING ON MODERN KAZAKH ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   Undergraduate student, 2-year of study, Kazakh National Academy of arts named after T. Zhurgenov, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Adil A. M. ,   alua.muslim@gmail.com,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2683-2054, Seitakhmetova N. L. ,   Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Chief Researcher of the Institute of Philosophy, Politology and Religion of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Doctor of Science in Philosophy, Almaty, Kazakhstan; nseytakhmetova@bk.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-5406
Published: October 2020

Design is the tool, understands the person’s image of the world, changed through real objects, space and language design. In this article it was established that the interior of the cultural objects of the capital of Kazakhstan is the basis not only in the real content of the decor, but also in the philosophical semantic environment and adaptation of an ethnic group, modern interior with the national component. The study of interior design as the semantic structure allows you to see the interior or other approaches to the design of the cultural objects of NurSultan, as well as many representations that are manifested in the representation of the modern person, who strives for an objective world, design and management of the designer. Modern man and his objective world, especially the culture and cultural forms of Kazakhstan, were formed on the basis of the material and environmental culture of the Kazakh society and this cultural heritage is formed over the centuries.
UNIQUE WORLD OF THE CREATOR
Authors:   Candidate of Art Sciences, Institute of Literature and Art named for M. Auezov, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kaztuganova A. Zh. ,   zhasaganbergen@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1248-2759, Omarova A. K. ,   Candidate of Art Sciences, Associate Professor, Institute of Literature and Art named for M. Auezov, Almaty, Kazakhstan; aklima_omarova@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8681-2207, Karomat D. F. ,   Institute of Art Sciences, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; dilkaramat@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9025-6194
Published: October 2020

The article describes some issues of formation of personal qualities and spheres of activities of N.Tlendiev, that have been determined through ethnicity hearing. The range of issues include the analysis of performing and composing activities, stage behavior, as well as innovative performance style, introduced by the famous kuishi into Kazakh music. On the one hand, the formation of N. Tlendiev as a person was determined by the strength of ethnic ear, and, on the other, by the depth of professional knowledge. It was determined that in all his diverse creative activities, that is, performing, composing, conducting or organizing activity, the gift of ethnic ear and high professional competence played an important role. The rich images reflected in his musical compositions, a wide range of thematic lines, the variety of musical methods and instrumental techniques that have not been studied, will result in new research works in the future. In the future the vital activities of N. Tlendiev should be investigated from a scientific point of view, confirmed by documents and facts, and the particular monographic work should be devoted to them.
Perfection of the equipment of electromagnetic stirring in moulds of billet and bloom CCM
Authors: Shakhov S. I. , Sivak B. A. , Vdovin K. N. , Shakhov D. S. , Kerimov R. I. , Bairamov А. Т.
Published: October 2020

To avoid defects of continuously casted billets, such as core porosity, shrink liquation, ingot developed dendrite structure and others, various methods of external physical impact on the crystallizing billet are used. One of the most technological and effective of them is the electromagnetic stirring (EMS) of the liquid melt of the crystallizing billet. An analysis of the experience of industrial EMS systems application at steel plants of Russia was accomplished. It was noted, that operating in Russia industrial CCM, intended for production of high quality billets, are equipped mainly by EMS systems of foreign production. The stator of the EMS is located outside a mould body and the bodies of the stator and the mould are manufactured of nonmagnetic steel of austenite class. Such systems are characterized by low reliability and high energy consumption because of their design features (location outside a mould body and necessity to use for them a separate circuit of cooling by a “boiler” water). Bessides, most of the EMS stators of foreign manufacturing are made in nonseparable bodies, hence in case of a failure the expensive rrepair of the stators should be carried out at the foreign plants-manufacturers. At present in Russia the EMS systems are being elaboorrated by specialists of AKKH “VNIIMETMASH”, Moscow. VNIIMETMASH within the frame of import substitution program elaboorated both built-in and external variants of EMS systems for moulds of billet and bloom CCM, the stator coil poles being cooled bby the water of the mould and its winding is made of immersible into water wire with a double insulation. Based on the results of thee study it was determined, that location of the elaborated EMS systems in a mould results in improving of the surface quality, as welll as quality of the subsurface layer and the billet macro-structure, decreasing of the point unevenness and decreasing of number of thee subshell bubbles.
Study of operating properties of aanticorrosion packing papers
Authors: Ponomarev A. P. , Kolyada L. G. , Tarasyuk E. V.
Published: October 2020

Metal products are subjected to atmospheric corrosion during transportation and storing. An important way to prevent this negative phenomenon is application of special packing materials, in particular materials, containing volatile inhibitors of corrosion, which protect metal against various corrosion agents. To protect metal effectively it is necessary to provide a definite level of operating characteristics of packing materials. The purpose of the work was the study of operating properties of inhibited crepe, inhibited and laminated polyethylene film, inhibited crepe and reinforced by polypropylene web papers, manufactured by OJSC “PP TechnoKhim”, Magnitogorsk, used for packing of metals. Structural and dimensional, sorption, deformation and strength characteristics, of the studied anticorrosion papers are presented, the characteristics being calculated based on the results of measurements. To determine their physical-mechanical and anticorrosion properties, standard methods and methodologies were used. To evaluate impact of moisture and transportation conditions, indices of water adsorption and wear of the studied papers were determined. Inhibitor content in these materials was determined by thermogravimetric analysis method. Their protective ability was studied on samples of low carbon steel strip. For accelerated corrosion tests the strip samples were degreased by alcohol, dried in air and packed in the studied anticorrosion papers, after that they were exposed under increased temperatures and moisture conditions. It was determined, that among the materials under the study, the inhibited crepe paper, reinforced by polypropylene web, hhas the best complex of physical-mechanical and anticorrosion properties. It provides a higher level of prevention corrosion of metal l and surpasses other materials in a number of deformation and strength characteristics. Recommendations were proposed to improve qquality of produced anticorrosion papers.
Evaluation of a possibility of implementation of the Cold Stretching technology for increasing quality of class 500 cold-deformed rebars under conditions of OJSC “MMK-Metiz”
Authors: Stolyarov A. Yu. , Zaitseva M. V. , Stolyarov F. A.
Published: October 2020

The new GOST 34028–2016 “Reinforcing bars for concrete-steel construction” introduced new requirements to a number of operational characteristics of reinforcement, in particular, to ensure stability of plastic characteristics. It is possible to increase the plasticity of cold-deformed reinforcement made of low-carbon steel grades and to ensure its stability by changing the chemical composition of the steel or through deformation methods of action. To solve this problem, a method of hardening with a low degree of deformation, called Cold Stretching, is widely used abroad. Technical analysis of data from Russian manufacturers of reinforcing wire and rolled products using Cold Stretching technology has been carried out. The data on the processing of A400C class reinforcing steel with its use, as well as the results of mechanical tests of the reinforcement of the Sсhnell company, Italy, specializing in the production of lines for the production of reinforcing wire, both by the traditional method of pulling in roller stands and by a promising method tension-compression. The specialists of OJSC “MMK-Metiz” carried out two series of experimental works to simulate the Cold Stretching process using hot-rolled steel produced by PJSC MMK. In the first series of tensile tests, hotrolled thermomechanically hardened steel of class 500 was used. As a result of this series of experiments, a high increase in strength properties was established without a significant improvement in plastic properties. In the second series of experiments, in which hotrolled reinforcement of class 400 made of steel grade 18Г2С was used, higher strength and plastic properties were obtained, which confirms the expediency of using the Cold Stretching process in the production of reinforcing wire. The advantage of the Cold Stretching technology in comparison with the existing technology at OJSC “MMK-Metiz” was noted – the exclusion of the rolling operation with the application of a profile, which significantly reduces the cost of reinforcement and excludes some of the lengthy technological operations associated with the manufacture of rollers and assembly of stands.
EZTM experience in designing and manufacturing of rolling mill main drive gearboxes
Authors: Bednyakov V. V. , Gudov E. A. , Lagutin S. A.
Published: October 2020

The experience of the Electrostal Heavy Machinery Plant (EZTM) in designing and production of special gearboxes and gear stands for main drive of various rolling mills is summed up. The specifics of section and ball-rolling mills, piercing and reduction mills, mills for cold rolling of tubes and mills for the production of reinforcing bars are considered. It was shown that at designing of special gearboxes for the main drives of rolling mills, the designer, taking into account the parameters of the mill, must build a cyclogram of their loading, which depends both on the range of rolled products and on the variability of loads within the rolling cycle of one billet. In the Designing Department of EZTM, the strength calculation of gears of different types is carried out in the REDUK 4.3 software package, which allows performing strength calculations of gears taking into account the expected loading cyclogram. At the same time, the program provides the initial data for calculating the shafts and bearings, i.e, the forces in engagement and the rotational speed of each of the shafts for the first stage of the cyclogram. The geometrical parameters of the gears are optimized according to the criterion of contact and flexural strength, both between the stages and within each of them.The load sequence diagram depends both on the range of rolled products, and variable loadings in a rolling cycle of a workpiece. Geometric parameters of gears are optimized by contact and bending equal strength, as between the stages as within each of them. Carburizing, hardening and grinding of teeth are provided and secured technologically. Currently, the gearboxes manufactured by the plant are successfully operated at many metallurgical enterprises, both in Russia and abroad. Among them, the gearboxes of main drive of the piercing mill of the Seversk Pipe Plant, the mills for cold rolling of tubes in the USA and China, the section mills at the Yartsevo Casting and Rolling Plant, the reduction mill at the Dnepropetrovsk Metallurgical Plant, etc.
An experience of elaboration and implementation of systems of slag-forming mixtures mechanized feeding into CCM moulds
Authors: Eron’ko S. P. , Tkachev M. Yu. , Oshovskaya E. V. , Starodubtsev B. I. , Mechik S. V.
Published: October 2020

Effective application of slag-forming mixtures (SFM), being fed into continuous castingg machine (CCM) moulds, depends on their even distribution on the melt surface. Manual feeding of the SFM which is widely usedd does not provide this condition, resulting in the necessity to actualize the work to elaborate systems of SFM mechanized feedingg into moulds of various types CCM. A concept of the designing of a system of SFM feeding into CCM moulds presented with the ratte strictly correspondent to the casting speed and providing formation of an even layer of fine material of given thickness on the whoole surface of liquid steel. The proposed methods of designing of the SFM mechanized feeding systems based on three-dimensional computer simulation with the subsequent verification of the correctness of the adopted technical solutions on field samples. Informattion is presented on the design features of the adjusted facilities intended for continuous supply of finely granulated and powder mixtuures on metal mirror in moulds at the production of high-quality billets, blooms and slabs. Variants of mechanical and pneumo-mechaanical SFM supply elaborated. At the mechanical supply the fine material from the feeding hopper is moved at a adjusted distance bby a rigid horizontally located screw. At the pneumo-mechanical supply the metered doze of the granular mixture is delivered by a sshort vertical screw, the lower part of which is located in the mixing chamber attached from below to the hopper and equipped with ann ejector serving for pneumatic supply of the SFM in a stream of transporting gas. It was proposed to use flexible spiral screws in the ffuture facilities of mechanical SFM feeding. It will enable to eliminate the restrictions stipulated by the lack of free surface for locatiion of the facility in the working zone of the tundish, as well as to decrease significantly the mass of its movable part and to decreaase the necessary power of the carriage moving mechanism driver. The novelty of the proposed technical solutions is protected by thhree patents. The reduction of 10–15% in the consumption of slag-forming mixtures during the transition from manual to mechanizeed feeding confirmed. The resulting economic effect from the implementation of technical development enables to recoup the costs inncurred within 8–10 months.
Liberty and the News
Authors: Lippmann Walter
Published: October 2020

Liberty and the News was published a century ago, the young Walter Lippmann’s fifth book. The slim volume merits a fresh read in our post-truth moment. “In an exact, sense,” Lippmann writes, “the present crisis of western democracy is a crisis in journalism.” For Lippmann, liberty constitutes a method, not a series of prohibitions and permissions. The book’s aim is to identify and examine potential reforms to boost the reliability of news—a project as relevant today as it is unfinished. Liberty and the News is republished in this mediastudies.press edition with a new introduction by Sue Curry Jansen.
Chapter 3: Liberty and the News
Authors: Lippmann Walter
Published: October 2020

THE debates about liberty have hitherto all been attempts to determine just when in the series from Right to Left the censorship should intervene. In the preceding paper I ventured to ask whether these attempts do not turn on a misconception of the problem. The conclusion reached was that, in dealing with liberty of opinion, we were dealing with a subsidiary phase of the whole matter; that, so long as we were content to argue about the privileges and immunities of opinion, we were missing the point and trying to make bricks without straw. We should never succeed even in fixing a standard of tolerance for opinions, if we concentrated all our attention on the opinions. For they are derived, not necessarily by reason, to be sure, but somehow, from the stream of news that reaches the public, and the protection of that stream is the critical interest in a modern state. In going behind opinion to the information which it exploits, and in making the validity of the news our ideal, we shall be fighting the battle where it is really being fought. We shall be protecting for the public interest that which all the special interests in the world are most anxious to corrupt.
Energy-Efficiency Approach for Long Range Wireless Communication
Authors: Nga Le Cong , Pham Cuong Quoc , Ngoc Thinh Tran
Published: October 2020

According to recent researches, the wireless sensor networks (WSN) which consume low levels of energy become more and more popular nowadays, so the research trend of optimizing energy for WSNs is rapidly increasing. LoRa technology is a modulation technique that provides long-range transfer of information and low power consumes. Besides, LoRaWAN is a network protocol that optimized for battery-powered end devices. The LoRa and LoRaWAN can be considered a suitable candidate for WSNs, which can reduce power consumption and extend the communication range. In this paper, we studied adaptive mechanisms in the transmission parameters of the LoRa network and proposed an energy-optimized solution for the adaptive algorithm. This research not only introduced the reference hardware of a sensor node in WSNs but also conducted experiments on typical LoRa network infrastructure
Modeling the Flow of Crude Oil in Cracked Pipeline
Authors: Kamal Kavi K. , A. ALI Jafar , khidhir Dara K.
Published: October 2020

The form of transportation of energy from the sources to the consumers is the concern of the researchers across the world, this is due to the consequences upon the failures. Some of these failures causing economical losses and environmental damages. Both are worth to be investigated and studied to reduce the risks and losses. In this paper the effects of cracks in pipelines has been investigated, it is found that the crack is causing the decrease in pressure. Several pipes were used in the experiment, one without crack and the rest with different crack size. The pressure drop in the area around the crack (named crack zone) was bigger in the up and down stream zones. Computational fluid dynamics CFD package ANSIS (Fluent) was used in the analysis and the results presented. Because the fluid used in the research is crude oil, so the paper is mainly for the benefit of the oil and gas industries and the pipeline designers and manufacturers.
Statistical Analysis of Seasonal Rainfall Variability and Characteristics in Ahmednagar District of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Deepak Janardhan Gadekar , Sonkar Soniya
Published: October 2020

The three major characteristics of rainfall are mainly its amount, frequency and intensity. The value of rainfall varies greatly from day to day, place to place, month and year to year. Generally Akole tehsil receives the highest rainfall and Karjat and Jamkhed tehsils receives the least rainfall. The main reason for the highest rainfall in Akole tehsil is orographic type rainfall. The rainfall characteristics and distribution in drought prone area in study area. The research covers rainfall data from 1981 to 2014 and the rainfall data is taken from the statistical department website of Ahmednagar district.
论装配式建筑施工技术在建筑工程施工管理中的应用
Authors: 杜 维维
Published: October 2020

在最近的几年时间里，在多方面利好因素的影响下，使得我国社会经济得到了显著的发展进步，从而为我国建筑工程行业的发展创造了良好的基础。装配式建筑是整个建筑工程行业稳步持续发展的产物，因为其具有施工效率好，工程成本低的优越性，所以受到了人们的广泛青睐。装配式建筑其实质就是将建筑结构分支部件在工厂内完成统一生产制造，随后被运送到施工现场进行安装，最终形成完整的建筑工程的施工方式。与以往老旧模式的工程施工方法相对比来说，装配式建筑对于外界的影响较小，并且施工效率和质量相对更好，所以适合大范围的加以运用。
桥梁结构耐久性设计方法研究
Authors: 王 芳
Published: October 2020

近年来，在各方面利好因素的影响下，使得我国综合国力得到了全面的提升，从而推动了整个交通工程行业的发展壮大。社会为飞速发展为整个交通运输行业的载荷能力提出了更高的要求，在各方面因素的影响下，使得大量的桥梁工程结构在实际使用的过程中经常会发生材料性能下降的情况，诸如：钢筋结构遭到腐蚀，水泥质量低劣等等，如果遇到这类问题那么必然会对工程整体结构质量造成一定的损害，并且还会影响到工程后期的使用效果和使用寿命，甚至会引发严重的危险事故的发生。鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对桥梁工程结构的耐久性设计展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对整个桥梁工程行业的稳步健康发展有所帮助。
浅谈交通检测技术及其未来发展趋势
Authors: 徐 华
Published: October 2020

交通发展对于经济的发展具有重要意义。当前，我国交通普遍存在道路拥挤、车辆拥堵、事故频发等问题。同时，大量的尾气排放也导致了严重的环境污染，不符合绿色低碳的生活理念。因此，交通管理部门需要针对这些问题采取有效措施，减轻交通压力。其中，使用交通检测技术，对车辆状况和路况进行分析，成为了交通管理的关键工作内容。基于此，文中将讨论交通检测技术的具体作用原理，介绍现阶段所使用的交通检测器，对交通检测技术的未来发展趋势进行一定分析和探究。
建筑规划设计在城市规划中的重要性
Authors: 赵 世涛
Published: October 2020

近年来，在多方面利好因素的影响下，使得我国综合国力得到了显著的提升，从而推动了城市化建设工作的全面实施。在这种形势下，人们对城市规划提出了更高的要求。城市规划建设整体水平不但与城市经济发展形势存在密切的关联，并且也会对城市文明建设工作的实施起到积极的影响作用，切实的运用有效的方式方法来提升城市规划建设的整体水平，可以促进城市经济的稳步发展，并且对于城市文化建设工作还可以起到良好的辅助作用，在实施区域性商业活动的过程中，城市建设整体水平和文化发展形势都是较为关键的参考因素，所以我们务必要对城市建设规划工作加以重点关注，并且从多个角度入手来实施整体统筹规划。在这个过程中，建筑规划设计的影响力是非常巨大的，鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对建筑规划设计在城市规划中的作用展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国建筑规划设计领域的稳步健康发展有所帮助。
桥梁工程质量控制中无损检测技术的运用
Authors: 陈 照海
Published: October 2020

在城市的道路桥梁工程项目的建设施工的质量管理和控制的工作当中，加强无损性的检测和控制技术的应用，在一定程度上可以大大降低工程项目的安全隐患和质量问题的可能性。这些质量问题如果在城市的市政道路上桥梁工程项目当中没有及时的发现，那么会造成严重的后果，通过对道路桥梁工程项目进行无损的检测控制，人们不仅能够更加准确的评估城市道路桥梁工程项目的可靠性、安全性、耐久性和承载能力，同时对不同损坏程度的市政道路桥梁工程项目，特别是处于老化阶段的市政道路桥梁工程项目进行专业诊断。对于工程项目的使用过程中存在的一些潜在威胁和风险能够进行预先的评估。基本上可以提前发出关于道路桥梁工程项目在特殊天气、运行条件或不正常运行状态下的预警信号，并为有关道路桥梁工程项目的维修、养护和管理的决策提供基础指导。
试析市政工程道路沥青路面施工技术
Authors: 肖 磊 , 陈 尊鹏
Published: October 2020

随着中国经济社会的快速向前进步，城镇化水平有了更新的发展，城市的大量基础设施建设为人们的生活带来了很大的便捷，特别是道路工程项目的建造数量和建设的规模都越来越大。在基础设施建设方面，道路工程项目的建设是一个非常关键和重要的部分，它们和人们的出行是相互关联和密切联系的，也是一个需要严格而系统管理的工程。目前，沥青路面的施工技术经常用于市政道路工程项目的建设当中，但这种施工技术往往会受到温度的高低或者是降雨降雪等天气情况的影响，高速增长的交通流量和其他相关因素也给工程项目的建设带来了一定干扰，沥青涂层的强度会降低，甚至远达不到工程项目设计的预期寿命，这导致沥青路面的总体效益不足。在使用环节出现了各种损伤现象。因此，必须要进行高水平的设计，仔细控制和管理工程项目的建设材料、技术选择、机械设备、人员管理、军工检查等诸多环节，以提高工程项目的质量和耐久性，以及避免道路工程项目在使用环节的频繁损坏。
北京老年医院多能源互补热水系统运营改造的技术应用
Authors: 王 玉波 , 董 文洲 , 贾 炳泉
Published: October 2020

介绍了北京老年医院已建成多年的老旧太阳能热水系统，通过与余热回收联合多能源互补技术改造及良好的运营方法，使得老旧系统的运行水平上整体提高了一个档次，完全摒弃了电辅助加热，不仅使得管理更加科学化，规范化，系统更加安全可靠，还大幅度的提高了节能效果。为营造绿色、节能型示范医院，做出了贡献。
论山区高填方路堤沉降变形分析
Authors: 李 思水
Published: October 2020

高填方路堤是山区公路的常见的路基形式之一，沉降问题一直是高填方路堤研究的一个重要课题。针对高填方路堤沉降问题，通过室内离心试验模拟与数值模拟试验计算分析，对高填方路堤沉降变形进行了较全面的分析，为高填方路堤沉降控制提供一定的参考依据。
市域快速轨道交通线路规划的特点和建议
Authors: 廖 琦
Published: October 2020

国外大城市快速轨道交通的经验告诉我们，要在城市轨道交通和市域快速轨道交通的基础上构建大城市市域快速轨道交通线网，而且还要给出系统制造模式、设计的速度，运营的相关问题和收费方法等。通过提出市域快速轨道交通“贯穿式”空间网络布局的设想方案，来与地铁线互相接通，实现市区与远郊区快速交通的目标和城市交通轨道收益，给国内大城市的轨道交通发展提供了大量经验。
浅谈一种便携操作式安全切断阀的燃气调压器的结构
Authors: 胡 丽芬 , 刘 云飞
Published: October 2020

具体涉及一种可以根据客户的需求：是左进右出，还是右进左出的方向，而选择安装安全切断阀的新型的燃气调压设备。从而有利于安全切断阀的维护以及操作。即一种便携操作式安全切断阀的燃气调压器其工作原理利用出口压力变化，直接控制驱动器带动调节元件运动的调压器，主要采用了模块式设计，包括主阀体、主调阀、切断阀三部分。这种设计具有结构简单、拆卸方便、维修容易等优点。调压器采用内部平衡阀结构设计，该结构的优点是出口压力不受进口压力变化的影响。
基于物联网技术探讨网络安全问题及应对策略
Authors: 夏 智伟
Published: October 2020

随着社会的不断发展、经济的不断进步和科学技术的飞速发展，网络时代的到来改变了人们的工作和生活的方式。物联网的发展被称为继计算机和互联网之后的第三次革命，其内容应用的非常普遍。然而，作为一种新技术，物联网也存在许多安全问题。它应用广泛，其安全问题一直备受关注。根据物联网技术，对网络安全问题进行了相应分析，并提出了妥善的对策，希望可以对物联网的发展有所帮助。
大城市轨道交通线网规划关键技术探讨
Authors: 武 海鹏
Published: October 2020

随着我国综合国力的不断提高发展，人们的生活水平得到了飞速的提升，城市的轨道交通规划越来越受到社会各界人士的重视。当今城市化水平的不断上升，人口在各大城市的轨道交通规划中逐渐成为了重要的参与人。大城市在各种领域中都存在着较大的差异，所以让大城市的轨道交通线网的规划和设计受到了不良影响。文中针对这些不良影响进行了分析，从大城市和城市轨道间的互动联系等方向进行问题分析、解决研究和实际实施等内容提出了策略，希望能够为相关部门提供有效帮助参考。
液压轮胎硫化机液压系统泄露处理分析
Authors: 武 磊
Published: October 2020

在进行液压系统应用的过程中，泄露问题是常见的一种故障问题，在对这个问题进行解决的过程中，需要对液压系统的泄漏种类和导致泄漏问题发生的原因进行深入的分析和研究。才能制定针对性的解决措施，对这些问题进行有效的处理，确保液压系统在运行的过程中更加的安全稳定。在对液压轮胎的硫化机液压系统进行管理的过程中，不仅要做好日常的维修保养工作。还应该从结构和生产等方面对故障问题进行规避，才能提高系统的运行效率。文中就液压轮胎硫化机液压系统泄漏处理进行相关的分析和探讨。
现代建筑立面装饰设计原则及方法探究
Authors: 蒋 骁闻
Published: October 2020

建筑的外立面是人们首先感受到的部分，建筑的立面设计能够极大的影响建筑整体的美观性。因此，一定要重视建筑立面装饰设计，严格遵循设计原则，采取合理的方法，将建筑个性和建筑风格体现出来。文中就将阐述建筑立面该如何打造，建筑立面设计的处理手法。
节约理念在市政园林建设中的应用研究
Authors: 孟 翔
Published: October 2020

要想促进我国市政园林工程项目整体水平的不断提升，最为重要的就是需要将节约理念与当前我国市政园林整体规划充分的结合起来，增强对园林绿化设计方案的审核力度，针对各项规划工作给予切实的安排，从而促进各类绿地布设的规范性和科学性水平得到良好的提升，在城市绿化系统的基础上进行有效的扩展。在市政园林绿化整体水化设计工作的开展规程中，应当将自然和生态系统综合效应设置在关键的位置上，所有控制工作都需要朝着人工操作的方向过渡，并且要大范围的运用各类节约措施，这样才能确保城市园林工程的整体效果。
一种节水型乡村家庭生态厕所的设计初探
Authors: 张 诗慧 , 郝 大程
Published: October 2020

自改革开放以来，中国农村各方面都得到了发展。但在大部分农村地区由于基础配套设施不完善，农村旱厕大量存在。随着新农村建设的逐步推进，以干净卫生、节水为目标的新一轮“厕所革命”正在悄然兴起，全国各地关于“厕所革命”的改革方案也在逐步推进。文章中从生态发展的角度，寻求农村家庭节水生态厕所设计的新理念，描述创新的研究内容和使用方法，提出针对节水型蹲便器并结合双瓮化粪池的设计方案。最后文章中将说明双瓮化粪池与节水型泡沫蹲便器连接方法，探究整体设计可行性，同时与各类厕所进行分析比较总结，探索适应未来农村节水生态厕所的改进方向，以适应可持续发展目标。
浅谈铁路框架涵施工关键点及质量控制措施
Authors: 朱 新贺
Published: October 2020

在铁路工程中桥涵施工是其中的重点内容，因此应对其质量进行严格控制。在文中以某桥梁为例，对铁路框架涵施工关键点及质量控制措施进行了分析，并提出了相应的建议，最终提升铁路框架涵工程建设质量，加快我国铁路建设事业的发展。
论新环境下通信技术在电力企业智能电网中的应用
Authors: 伍 华
Published: October 2020

在当前5g全民应用，科技不断发展的新环境下，我国电力系统涉及的领域中，通信技术是很重要的一份子，同时也是电力系统正常、稳定、安全运行的基础保证。电力企业智能电网在发展过程中利用通信技术科学合理地使用，不仅保证了电网正常运行的安全性，而且保证了通信信道质量。电力企业智能电网的建设对我国的全面电网用电安全等起到了加强作用，同时促进了我国电力行业未来的发展。
基于物联网的智能家居控制系统设计与实现
Authors: 涂 晓军 , 吴 艳
Published: October 2020

近年来，我国社会经济水平得到了显著的提升，从而使得民众的生活水平得以明显的提升，这样就为各个领域的发展壮大创造恶劣良好的基础。物联网其实质就是说将那些具有良好感知能力的物体借助互联网相互连接之后所形成的集合网络。在科学技术快速发展的推动下，使得大量的新型科学技术应时而生，为智能家居行业的良好发展给予了重要的技术支持。借助互联网将各个物体进行连接，从而实现信息的共享，针对人与物进行高度智能化控制是智能家居领域未来发展的主流趋势。所以，综合实际情况针对智能家居控制系统的设计展开深入的分析和优化，从而更好的为人们提供舒适的生活环境。这篇文章主要围绕基于物联网智能家居控制系统设计展开深入综合分析，希望能够对我国智能家居领域的发展起到积极的推动作用。
城建施工的路基土方开发技术运用分析
Authors: 周 莹莹 , 尚 军材 , 李 昂 , 张 会歌
Published: October 2020

路基土方开挖，是道路建设施工的主要环节，其施工品质与道路夯实度和稳定性之间关联密切。为此，文章以A城市工程为例，首先对路基土方开挖准则进行分析，其次从前期准备，开挖施工要点等方面，探究城建施工的路基土方开发技术运用方法，以达到明晰技术特点，合理进行城市建设的目的。
城建混凝土施工技术研究
Authors: 杨 光 , 陈 方成 , 张 珊珊 , 任 路婷
Published: October 2020

城建工程，多数项目为市政工程或大型建筑住宅工程，因此选用何种建设方式是决定城建工程建筑质量、工期等结果的重要因素。文章对城建工程中使用混凝土施工技术进行必要性分析，继而通过细分混凝土施工技术中的原料施工准备阶段，将技术的前提条件做出讨论，最后详细解析混凝土施工中需要何种技术支持，为我国城市建设工程的良好展开，提供理论依据。
城建施工过程中技术管理和控制分析
Authors: 徐 亚周 , 张 珊珊 , 赵 瑞 , 尚 泳延
Published: October 2020

基于城市化进程不断加快的背景下，城市建筑规模不断扩大，加强城建过程中技术管理和控制，能够有效规范施工作业行为，提高建筑施工质量。基于此，文章阐述了技术管理和控制在城建施工过程中的重要性、分析城建施工过程中技术管理和控制存在的问题，并就问题提出优化的措施。
城建混凝土施工技术及预防措施研究
Authors: 温 亚楠 , 马 二刚 , 杨 光 , 张 晓龙
Published: October 2020

在进行城建工程项目的建设过程中，混凝土在原材料中的占比比较大，为此有着重要的作用。因此，为了进一步提升在城建混凝土工程的施工效率，进一步降低在施工建设的过程中存在的问题，就需要在混凝土施工过程中明确施工技术以及各种预防的措施。
城建混凝土施工技术及预防措施分析
Authors: 刘 艳秋 , 李 晓晓 , 司 会东 , 赵 丽丽
Published: October 2020

随着我国城市化进程的不断推进，城建工程也逐渐增多，这对混凝土施工质量提出了更高的要求。基于此，文章对城建中混凝土的施工技术进行分析，并对该技术的有关预防措施进行研究，以期提高混凝土施工技术的应用效果。
基坑开挖对近接高铁车站影响的数值分析
Authors: 聂 平太
Published: October 2020

在文章论述中，主要是针对近接高铁车站，在基坑开挖的过程中，所产生的各类影响数值进行分析。在进行基坑开挖的过程中，为了保障地下空间的结构近距离下穿当中，进行安全高效的施工建设。其在结构方面，需要进行优化设计以及施工高质量的建设，从而保障不会对高铁车站造成严重的不良影响。
风碎粒化钢渣砂在道路混凝土中的应用探析
Authors: 周 海生
Published: October 2020

文中通过概述风碎粒化钢渣砂组成和性质，分析该材料对于混凝土物理性能方面的影响，探究风碎粒化钢渣砂在道路混凝土施工中的应用优势。经过研究得出，风碎粒化钢渣砂能够取代部分黄砂用于道路混凝土工程中，节省新资源的消耗、降低工程成本，促进循环经济发展，实现道路工程可持续发展。
自然山水公共空间在城市设计中的应用
Authors: 张 均辉 , 张 梦洁
Published: October 2020

十九大报告提出“提高保障和改善民生水平，加强和创新社会治理——完善公共服务体系，保障群众基本生活。”为此，本研究重点研究教育、医疗、文化、体育等公共服务设施，从理论解析、配置标准等方面，按照大视野、可比性、针对性的原则，选取北京、香港、苏州、纽约、伦敦、巴黎、东京等多个国内外城市，总结国际经验研究，为当前国土空间规划编制、公共服务设施配置标准制定提供技术支撑。
ETC全国高速公路联网对经济管理价值分析
Authors: 顾 世俊
Published: October 2020

ETC作为当前世界范围内先进程度最高的高速公路（桥梁、隧道）收费方式，不仅给人们的驾车出行提供了极大的方便，对于提升经济发展也能起到良好的促进作用。文章对ETC高速公路收费模式的经济价值进行介绍，围绕ETC全国高速公路联网对经济管理产生的价值影响展开分析，以供参考。
Application of probiotics in commercial layer diets: a review
Authors: Chowdhury SD , Ray BC , Khatun A , Redoy MRA , Afsana AS
Published: October 2020

Probiotics of various commercial preparations are being considered worldwide for poultry as performance enhancers and suitable alternatives to antibiotics. Much of the previous efforts to explore beneficial effects of probiotics were directed for commercial broilers and scientific information for commercial layer nutrition is limited in contrast to that of broilers. To our knowledge, whatever information is available, no attempt has been made as yet to make a comprehensive review of the effects of probiotics on layer chicken covering different aspects of production. This review is prepared by consolidating and updating information available in the literature covering laying performance, serum chemistry, egg quality and its safety aspects. Data generated from a number of studies clearly indicated that apart from a few exceptions, probiotics are found to be effective for the improvement of laying performance; serum biochemical parameters, egg shell and albumen quality and they are suitable for the production of safe eggs. Effect of probiotics on layers is mediated by boosting up gut health thereby creating an environment for better nutrient assimilation and thus an improvement of production and egg quality is achieved. Factors affecting such results need to be assessed more precisely since they contribute to some contradictions in the literatures. Nevertheless, the feed industry can rely on probiotics as quite safe for the production of quality feed to support commercial layer nutrition.

Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2020. 49 (1): 1-12
Impact of community based breeding program on breeding buck availability, growth and reproductive performance of Black Bengal goat
Authors: Solaiman M , Apu AS , Ali MY , Fakruzzaman M , Faruque MO
Published: October 2020

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the availability of breeding bucks as well as growth and reproductive performances of Black Bengal goat under community based breeding program. A total of 30 goat rearers in three areas of Sakhipur upazilla were selected based on the survey result. Selected goat rearers were trained on scientific rearing, management and community-based breeding of Black Bengal goat and also build up community link with them. Three Black Bengal breeding bucks have been distributed among three potential farmers in three villages under Sakhipur upazilla. The management and performance of Black Bengal goats were monitored closely and analyze the impact of community based breeding program. The analysis of the growth performance showed that male kids attained significantly (p<0.05) higher birth weight (1.28±0.04 kg) than that of female kids (1.06±0.02 kg). The body weights of male at 3, 6, 9 and 12-month were 5.41±0.28, 9.18±0.32, 12.87±0.35 and 16.91±0.46 kg whereas female reached significantly (p<0.05) lower body weight as 4.97±0.16, 8.02±0.21, 10.91±0.23 and 14.21±0.34 kg at the same ages, respectively. Average daily body weight gain up to 12 months of age was also significantly (p<0.05) higher in males (43.42±1.17 g/day) than females (36.53±2.49 g/day). On the other hand, season had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the body weights of Black Bengal goat at 0 (birth), 3, 6, 9, 12-month of age. In case of reproductive performances, it was revealed that age at sexual maturity was 199.32±2.41 days; age at first kidding 393.23±1.38 days; service per conception 1.17±0.04, and litter size was 1.76±0.08 in community based breeding program. Beside these, post-partum heat period of Black Bengal goat was found 47.50±0.87 days. Comparing with the findings of previous research works, these results suggested that community based breeding program has not only reduced the scarcity of good quality breeding bucks but also improved the growth and reproductive performances of Black Bengal goats.

Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2020. 49 (1): 13-21
Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms in Nepalese Achhami cattle
Authors: Gorkhali NA , Dhakal A , Sapkota S , Sherpa C , Pokhrel BR , Kolachhapati MR , Bhattarai N
Published: October 2020

Achhami cattle is claimed to be the world's smallest cattle which is found in Achham district of Sudur Paschim Province of Nepal. A study was carried out to investigate the polymorphism in the control region of the mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in these Achhami cattle. Thirty-seven blood samples were collected from different pocket areas of in Achham district. Our study revealed that Achhami cattle lie significantly within the indicine haplogroups rather than taurine (34 out of 37 samples) manifesting the later introgression by taurine cattle population. The taurine haplogroup, found within Achhami was different than Lulu cattle, which might be from the independent domestication event. Within indicine haplogroup, I1 type haplogroup (64.7%) was found dominant over I2 type haplogroup (35.3%). Achhami cattle revealed its uniqueness as it segregates from Indian cattle for indicine type as well as Chinese cattle for taurine type. In order to understand its ancestry, the whole genome should be studied together with the consideration of more population of cattle from the Asian region.

Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2020. 49 (1): 22-28