bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Regulation, Functions, and Signaling of miR-153 in
Neurological Disorders, and Its Potential as a Biomarker and
Therapeutic Target
Authors: Jaberi Khojaste Rahimi , Alamdari-Palangi Vahab , Jaberi Abbas Rahimi , Esmaeli Zahra , Shakeri Abolfazl , Gheibi Hayat Seyed Mohammad , Tajbakhsh Amir , Savardashtaki Amir
Published: August 2022

Treatment of neurological disorders has always been one of the challenges
facing scientists due to poor prognosis and symptom overlap, as well as the progress of
the disease process. Neurological disorders such as Huntington’s, Parkinson's,
Alzheimer's diseases, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis are very debilitating. Therefore,
finding a biomarker is essential for early diagnosis and treatment goals. Recent studies
have focused more on molecular factors and gene manipulation to find effective
diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Among these factors, microRNAs (miRNAs/
miRs) have attracted much attention. On the other hand, a growing correlation between
miRNAs and neurological disorders has caused scientists to consider it as a diagnostic
and therapeutic target. In this line, the miR-153 is one of the most important and highly
conserved miRNAs in mice and humans, whose expression level is not only altered in
neurological disorders but also improves neurogenesis. MiR-153 can regulate multiple
biological processes by targeting various factors. Furthermore, the miR-153 expression
also can be regulated by important regulators, such as long non-coding RNAs (e.g.,
KCNQ1OT1) and some compounds (e.g., Tanshinone IIA) altering the expression of
miR-153. Given the growing interest in miR-153 as a biomarker and therapeutic target
for neurological diseases as well as the lack of comprehensive investigation of miR-153
function in these disorders, it is necessary to identify the downstream and upstream
targets and also it's potential as a therapeutic biomarker target. In this review, we will
discuss the critical role of miR-153 in neurological disorders for novel diagnostic and
prognostic purposes and its role in multi-drug resistance.
Diabetic Neuropathy: A Repercussion of Vitamin D Deficiency
Authors: Sharma Prerna , Rani Nidhi , Gangwar Aishwarya , Singh Randhir , Kaur Rajwinder , Upadhyaya Kumud
Published: August 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a crucial health issue worldwide. The worldwide ubiquity is 8.8%
among adults, which is predicted to rise to 10.4% by 2040. Diabetic neuropathy is a long-term
complication associated with the diabetes mellitus condition, which primarily targets Schwann
cells, peripheral axons and cell bodies (perikarya) in DRG (dorsal root ganglia). It can be accompanied
by different factors such as metabolic factors such as insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity,
low HDL level, and hypertriglyceridemia. The etiology of DPN is multifactorial. It is caused
by hyperglycemia, micro-angiopathy, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, smoking status, high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol and hypertension. Also, increased glucose conditions decrease vitamin D
levels. Vitamin D, which is involved in neurotrophins such as NGF (nerve growth factor) and NCH
(neuronal calcium homeostasis), plays a neuroprotective role in peripheral nerves. Depletionleads
to vitamin D deficiency which further develops peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients. Accumulation
of AGEs (advanced glycation end product) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of
sensory neuronal damage. It contributes to microangiopathy and endoneurial vascular dysfunction
in peripheral nerves. With vitamin D supplementation, the neuropathy pain scores were improved.
Impact of Age and Gender Disparity on CD4+ Cell Counts to Control
Disease Progression Using Specific HAART in HIV-1 Positive Patients: A
Case-Control Study
Authors: Singh Aakansha , Kumar Manoj , Singh Ashok K. , Verma Neeraj
Published: August 2022

Background:

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) is composed of several
drugs in the antiretroviral class to better treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
patients. The estimation of CD4+ T cell counts and HIV-1 viral load in plasma is required to
evaluate the treatment success of a specific HAART.

Methodology:

The study included the effects of NRTIs (nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitors) and novel protease inhibitors (HAART) on normal control subjects and HIV-1
positive subjects from SGPGIMS, Lucknow, with different age groups and genders. Furthermore,
the study was conducted by the estimation of HIV through ELISA, measurement of absolute
CD4+ cell count, and the measurement of viral load through qRT-PCR. Furthermore, NRTIs
(Retrovir and Epivir) were administered orally one tablet daily in the morning followed by newly
FDA-approved protease inhibitors (fosamprenavir and darunavir) orally in the evening at the
same dose. Furthermore, CD4+T cell counts and HIV-1 viral load were investigated and
correlated in patients with different genders and age groups.

Result:

Administration of NRTIs and novel protease inhibitors (HAART) in HIV patients had a
significant effect on the CD4+ cell count in various age intervals among males and females.
The mean comparison of viral load distribution based on gender in CD4 +ve patients in the case
group exhibited a viral load higher in females compared to males, indicating a statistically
significant difference between males and females (p<0.05). A notable association between
virological and immunological parameters was observed with a reciprocal relationship between
viral load and CD4 cell count in CD4 +ve patients, demonstrating multiple correlation
coefficients with an R-value of 0.853.

Conclusion:

The administration of specific HAART (NRTIs and novel protease inhibitors) in
HIV patients had a notable improvement in the CD4+ cell count and viral load with significant
age and gender disparity.
Effect of Surface Charge Density of a w/o/w Emulsion on the Brain Targeting
of Levodopa in Rats for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Ramani Chandir C. , Babu R. Jayachandra , Dhanasekaran Muralikrishnan , Apte S.S. , Rambhau Devaraj
Published: August 2022

Background:

Amidst levodopa being considered as the “Gold standard” in the treatment
of Parkinson’s disease (PD), it still has critical therapeutic issues with its dose regimen and dosage
forms leading to severe adverse drug effects, decreased drug efficacy during chronic use, and requires an enforced “drug holiday” in PD patients. Hence, in this study, we designed a novel levodopa and carbidopa water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) formulation for bioavailability improvement in the
central nervous system (CNS).

Methods:

The new one-in-one embedment of the w/o/w levodopa and carbidopa emulsion formulation was obtained by a double emulsion technique. The plasma and brain levels following intravenous administration of the emulsions in rats were determined.

Results:

The incorporation of stearylamine (a cationic surfactant) considerably increased the surface
charge density of the emulsion droplets. This formulation exhibited a narrow particle size distribution enabling parenteral administration. The formulation also provided a high drug loading capacity.
In in vivo study, this novel formulation significantly increased the bioavailability of levodopa in the
CNS (P < 0.001). The strong resistance to desorption (due to higher charge density) and the presence of positive charge on the particles upon dilution may be the main reason for enhanced brain
levels of levodopa.

Conclusion:

Our current formulation F5 may decrease the dose of levodopa, leading to decreased
adverse effects and dosing problems, thus appreciably benefit PD patients in the future.
A Mini-Review on Marine Bioactive Compounds as a Source of Antiviral
Drug Lead
Authors: Parmar Ghanshyam , Chudasama Jay Mukesh , Shah Vaidehi , Shah Ashish P. , Patel Ashish
Published: August 2022

Currently, pathogens or some microorganisms that are dangerous to human society cause
plenty of diseases. All these diseases are spreading because of the limited available treatment options.
Some pathogens species are very dangerous to humankind, particularly viral pathogens. These
viral pathogens (viruses) have become resistant and immune to many of the medications, thus requiring
more and more drug molecules or treatments to be discovered. Many new drugs or treatments
are discovered and under clinical trials, and many are being tested. Presently, researchers are
in continuous search of newer drugs or molecules using synthetic chemistry or exploring natural resources.
However, synthesizing a drug molecule is time-consuming and requires more workforce
and much more costly equipment. To tackle this challenge, the use of computational approaches
provided complementary information that may also help in the discovery of new molecules. Recently,
the fragment molecular orbit based density-functional tight-binding method (DFTB) of drug discovery
of drug-like lead is rapid and accurate as compared to conventional computational approaches.
Natural resources from land and water can become a choice as an alternative option to discover
new entities. The marine environment provides us with a broad spectrum of chemically diverse antiviral
compounds isolated from many marine organisms such as bacteria, fungi, sponges, algae, etc.
Now, the natural marine molecule as an antiviral agent harrows a new way to modern medicine.
PMSM Drives and its Application: An Overview
Authors: Singh Shweta , Singh S.N. , Tiwari A.N.
Published: August 2022

The Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive has emerged as one of the most preferred motor drives for industrial applications. Its distinguished advantages include high torque density, high efficiency, and vast speed range operation. This paper presents, First, details of PMSM drives and their components. Second, explain the modelling of PMSM. Third, discuss the needs of position sensors, their applications, and their performance with the required accuracy. They are finally concerned about extensive industrial applications and future sensorless and sensor-based PMSM drives research trends.
Conclusion This paper reviews permanent magnet synchronous motor types and Permanent magnet materials used its advantage and disadvantage and the classification of PM rotor type. This paper briefly discusses the position sensor, its types, and application based on requirements. Based on comparative analysis of permanent magnet materials, briefly discuss sensors and classification of permanent magnet motor, recommendations are given on their practical application.
Withdrawal Notice: Cluster-based Sampling for Fake News on Healthcare During COVID-19 Infodemic
Authors: Agarwal Isha , Rana Dipti , Jariwala Aemie , Bondre Sahil
Published: August 2022

This article has been withdrawn from the journal Recent Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php.

BENTHAM SCIENCE DISCLAIMER:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously
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must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting
the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the
authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Auditor dysfunctional behavior mediates the effect of locus of control, turnover intention, and time budget pressure on audit quality
Authors: Putri Kadek Gita Amdika , Sisdyani Eka Ardhani , Budiartha I Ketut , Mimba Ni Putu Sri Harta
Published: August 2022

Dysfunctional behavior that can directly affect audit quality is referred to as audit quality reduction behaviors. The research aims to study the mediating role of the auditor dysfunctional behavior towards the effect of locus of control, turnover intention, and time budget pressure on audit quality. Sample consists of 151 public accounting firms in Bali. Data are collected using a 1 to 4 Likert-Like Scale questionnaire. Data analysis using SEM PLS finds that external locus of control, turnover intention, and time budget pressure have negative effect on audit quality; external locus of control, turnover intention, and time budget pressure have positive effect on the dysfunctional behavior of auditors; auditor's dysfunctional behavior negatively affects audit quality; and auditor dysfunctional behavior mediates the effect of external locus of control, turnover intention, and time budget pressure on audit quality.
Legal protection of workers due to termination of employment due to resignation
Authors: Mofea Sukhebi
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out (1). Legal protection of workers due to termination of employment (2). The role of the government in manpower is following Article 156 paragraph 4 letter c of Law Number 13 of 2003 (3). The legal culture carried out by the company is related to the legal protection of the rights of resigning workers. The research method uses normative law based on secondary data, supported by data obtained from interviews with workers, and public-private institutions. The results obtained (1). The substance of the regulation concerning the legal protection of workers' rights due to termination of employment due to resignation (2). Regulations have not been formulated clearly and comprehensively it creates legal uncertainty for workers (3). Regulations have an impact on government officials in implementation, with higher laws and regulations, (4). Create differences in legal culture in private companies and state-owned enterprises.
The Development of Islam and Its Traditions in the Territory of the Golden Horde, According to Medieval Arabic Sources of the 13th–15th Centuries
Authors:   Sh. Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Sayfetdinova Elmira Gadelzyanovna
Published: August 2022

The article deals with the adoption of Islam and its legitimization in the territory of the Golden Horde. It is noted that Islam played an important role in the formation and development of this medieval state, helping to strengthen its position both within the country and abroad. Islamiza-tion also influenced the process of integrating socio-cultural and ethno-political elements into a single community, thanks to the implementation of a tolerant religious policy. Sufism also made an important contribution to the development of Islamic institutions. The spread of Sufism in the terri-tory of the Golden Horde also led the formation of various Sufi teachings, widely disseminated both among the common people and in the ruling elite. The latter supported the teachings of sheikhs and representatives of various religious schools, which is confirmed by chronicles, historical and artistic works. Most of the information on the formation and spread of Islam in the territory of the Golden Horde can be found on the pages of medieval Arabic chronicles of the 13th–15th centuries. For the most part, these are the memoirs of Muslim merchants and travelers who personally visited the Golden Horde, as well as the writings of Egyptian scribes who served at the court of the Mamluk sultans in Egypt at a time when diplomatic and friendly ties were established between the two states.
The Muslim Ummah in Indonesia in 2021: Actors, Processes and Contradictions of Development
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Kyrchanoff Maxim Valerievich
Published: August 2022

The author analyzes the features of development and the main vectors of transformation of the moderate trends of Indonesian political Islam in 2021. It is assumed that the COVID-19 pandem-ic has become an incentive for the technical modernization of Islam in the context of its virtualization. The article deals with the problems of activation of the oldest, “historical” organizations of In-donesian Muslims, including Muhammadiyah and Nahdatul Ulama. The author provides the materi-als of their congresses held in 2021. The role of political parties in the contemporary history of Indonesian political Islam is considered. The author believes that modern Indonesian political Islam is looking for new forms of structural self-organization. Therefore, it is shown that moderate political Islam seeks to use the resources of modernization and is active also in the development and use of virtual space.
Review of the Monograph by D. Motadel “Islam in the Politics of Nazi Germany (1939–1945)”
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Akhmadullin Vyacheslav Abdulovich
Published: August 2022

The reviewer analyzes the monograph by David Motadel “Islam in the Politics of Nazi Ger-many (1939–1945)” published in German in 2014 and subsequently, on the wave of popularity, re-printed in Turkish (2015), German (2017, 2018), French, Persian (2019), Spanish and Italian (2020) and in Russian in 2020. The review focuses specifically on the fourth chapter, “Islam and the War on the Eastern Front”, since it is in this part of the book that the policy of the Nazis towards Soviet Muslims is described to the fullest. The reviewer questions the correctness of some of the conclu-sions in this monograph and points to the absence of references to historical documents mentioned in the book and allegedly used by the author when writing the work in the archives of Moscow and Simferopol. Meanwhile, such archives as the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF), the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History (RGANI), the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI), the Central State Archive of Moscow (TsGA of Moscow), hold the doc-uments whose analysis would provide objective answers to the questions posed by Motadel. The re-viewer also notes some factual errors and believes that, taken together, all this gives the study a ten-dentious character, and David Motadel himself, in accordance with the tradition of anti-Sovietism, seems to be unwilling to show to the Western reader the heroism of Soviet Muslims and the valiant pages of the history of the USSR.
Conversion of Jews to Islam in Pre-Revolutionary Central Asia
Authors:   Independent researcher, Litvinenko Pavel Valerievich
Published: August 2022

The paper is devoted to the problem of relations between Jews and Muslims in Central Asia. The author notes that in spite of their plight Jews played an appreciable role in the economic life of regional khanates. Jews dominated in manufacture and trade in silk, and some of them were engaged in usury forbidden by Islam. They were wealthy enough to lend money to Moslems, including gover-nors of local khanates. The result of the long coexistence of Jews with dominant Muslim pop-ulation was that some of them were converted to Islam. Such Jews were referred to as chala. With the arrival of Russia to the region, chala began to return to their original faith. The authorities of Russian Turkestan were accepting of it and granted Jews many rights and freedoms. However, though they did not get any special preferences, the trend of Jews converting to Islam remained. The author concludes that part of Jews converted to Islam for selfish reasons.
A study on metaphorical thinking and the research contents of
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Hwang Yae-in
Published: August 2022

In this study, I tried to prepare educational content by suggesting metaphorical thinking as an alternative to overcome the biased theme consciousness of . To this end, the meaning and structure of metaphorical thinking were clarified, and the actual educational content of  was prepared from the point of view of metaphorical thinking.
Paying attention to the characteristic of metaphorical mobility, metaphorical thinking was viewed as a concept that includes the expansion of the cognitive structure that learners can form through metaphors, the formation of relationships with objects, and the subjective construction of meanings for the given meanings. And the structure of metaphorical thinking was proposed as the formation of a relationship with a heterogeneous object by similarity, the formation of a new gaze on the object, and a reinterpretation of the given meaning.
These contents can be a way for  to transmit the value of filial piety and overcome the limited understanding that was perceived as a sanction. In addition, it can be an alternative for in-depth metaphorical education by solving the problem that metaphoric education was limitedly focused on justice and effect in literature education.
How are the Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor Levels of Primary School Learners Living in Suburban Area of Yogyakarta based on Career Development?
Authors: Lidyasari Aprilia Tina , Rachmawati Indriyana , Costa Augusto Da , Wanyi Poh
Published: August 2022

Career development influences learners’ life in the future and their career selections. The development career of learners at the primary level has an important role to facilitate individuals in planning, understanding, and having clear career identities. This research described the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor levels of Primary School learners living in suburban areas of Yogyakarta based on their career development. The research sample consisted of primary schools in suburban Yogyakarta with 268 learners. The applied sampling technique was convinced sampling. The researchers used the personally developed questionnaire on career development based on Bloom's taxonomy. The questionnaire consisted of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects with expert judgment to validate the questionnaire. The applied technique of analyzing the data was a descriptive technique to explain the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor levels of the primary school learners based on their career development. The applied data type was the frequency to determine the learners' career development levels. The findings showed that 97% of learners had excellent career development. Then, the remaining percentage, 3%, had not developed excellent career development. The evidence was observable in the poor skill to improve achievement and achieve the expected objectives, lack of self-esteem and skills to struggling, and lack of effort to seek help from other friends.
E-Module of Cube and Beam Based on Inquiry for Five Grade Students of Elementary School
Authors: Triwahyuningtyas Dyah , Setiawan Octavianus Yoga , Mahmuda Novia Eka
Published: August 2022

The background of this research is to produce and develop an e-module product of cube and block material centered on the approach. The teaching materials used printed books containing material and questions without any complex mathematical concepts so there is a lack of contextual learning in learning. That affects the lack of understanding of students' contextual knowledge during the geometry material pandemic. This study aims to develop an inquiry-based cube and block e-module for fifth-grade elementary students. Development research methods with 4D models include Definition, Design, Development, and Deployment. This research uses quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques through media and material expert validators and teacher and student response questionnaires. The results showed that the inquiry-based cube and beam e-module was declared feasible or valid with an average score of 89.05%. Furthermore, e-modules through teacher and student response questionnaires obtained an average of 91.5%, which is very practical. Therefore, it influences students' cognition in understanding cube and block material with an average value of 84.1. Therefore, the inquiry-based cube and block e-module can help students improve their contextual abilities.
Território Mitã Kuera
Authors: Knapp Cássio , Sangalli Andréia , Lopes Adrielli Caroline Marques
Published: August 2022

O território Mitã Kuera, território da criança indígena, foi afetado pelo cenário mundial vivenciado desde o início de 2020, tendo que adaptar-se as mudanças resultantes da pandemia por Covid-19. Nesse contexto, o objetivo central de investigação foi a caracterização do universo das crianças indígenas Guarani e Kaiowá, na Reserva Indígena de Dourados (RID) durante esse período, elencando as mudanças no modo de viver individual e familiar das crianças indígenas em situação de isolamento social. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa pautou-se em diferentes estratégias que se inserem na abordagem qualitativa, dentre elas, a revisão bibliográfica, a pesquisa etnográfica e a pesquisa de campo (nesse momento restrita a visitas in locu nas escolas indígenas municipais da Reserva Indígena de Dourados). Para o momento, a investigação traz contribuições no sentido de reafirmar que as crianças indígenas experienciam, vivenciam e transmitem suas culturas e também seus saberes entre si e com os adultos que convivem. Ao considerar o atual cenário, as crianças indígenas buscaram adaptar-se às condições de isolamento social, sem perder a essência do brincar e do ser criança. Quanto ao processo de educação escolar, as práticas educativas tradicionais constituem movimentos pedagógicos que vão se desenvolvendo ao longo das fases de crescimento das crianças indígenas e revelam saberes necessários para a formação da cultura e da identidade.
Muxes en la interculturalidad y territorialidad de la comunidade zapoteca en Oaxaca-México
Authors: Hernandez Chávez Ani Darío , Faria Ivani Ferreira de
Published: August 2022

Este estudio buscó comprender la territorialidad de los muxes y cómo las políticas interculturales pueden potenciar su identidad en la comunidad zapoteca, Oaxaca, México. En esta investigación se realizó trabajo de campo y reconocimiento del territorio en los límites de Juchitán y Santo Domingo de Tehuantepec, con la ayuda de los muxes para registrar testimonios de cómo es su vida cotidiana en esta región con metodologías participativas respetando sus cosmologías, fundamental para la promoción de la autonomía. Los muxes responden a un rol establecido por la sociedad, por el trabajo que algunos siguen desempeñando, por su cuerpo y deseo homoerótico que tiene una función social específica en las relaciones de dominación de los hombres. La interrelación de hombres, mujeres y muxes para el sustento cultural, social y económico de Juchitán muestra cómo existe más de una historia de género fija y lineal, sin que ello redunde en la ausencia de relaciones de dominación.
Acute Otitis Media and Mastoiditis with Post-Auricular Abscess in a Five-Week-Old
Authors: Wanstreet, BS Tyler , Shaffer, MD Marcus
Published: August 2022

Mastoiditis and post-auricular abscesses are exceptionally rare complications of acute otitis media in children less than six months of age. We report the case of a five-week-old boy who presented with protrusion of the right ear accompanied by surrounding erythema and edema. Head computed tomography (CT) revealed right acute otitis media with mastoid opacification and possible post-auricular abscess formation. After one day of intravenous antibiotics and corticosteroids, repeat head CT with contrast revealed right mastoid effusion, breech of the temporal bone cortex overlying the right mastoid air cells, and abscess formation. The disease course and treatment are described.
Chatbots for Smoking Cessation: Scoping Review
Authors: Whittaker Robyn , Dobson Rosie , Garner Katie
Published: August 2022

Background

Despite significant progress in reducing tobacco use over the past 2 decades, tobacco still kills over 8 million people every year. Digital interventions, such as text messaging, have been found to help people quit smoking. Chatbots, or conversational agents, are new digital tools that mimic instantaneous human conversation and therefore could extend the effectiveness of text messaging.

Objective

This scoping review aims to assess the extent of research in the chatbot literature for smoking cessation and provide recommendations for future research in this area.

Methods

Relevant studies were identified through searches conducted in Embase, MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and Scopus, as well as additional searches on JMIR, Cochrane Library, Lancet Digital Health, and Digital Medicine. Studies were considered if they were conducted with tobacco smokers, were conducted between 2000 and 2021, were available in English, and included a chatbot intervention.

Results

Of 323 studies identified, 10 studies were included in the review (3 framework articles, 1 study protocol, 2 pilot studies, 2 trials, and 2 randomized controlled trials). Most studies noted some benefits related to smoking cessation and participant engagement; however, outcome measures varied considerably. The quality of the studies overall was low, with methodological issues and low follow-up rates.

Conclusions

More research is needed to make a firm conclusion about the efficacy of chatbots for smoking cessation. Researchers need to provide more in-depth descriptions of chatbot functionality, mode of delivery, and theoretical underpinnings. Consistency in language and terminology would also assist in reviews of what approaches work across the field.
Discovering Long COVID Symptom Patterns: Association Rule Mining and Sentiment Analysis in Social Media Tweets
Authors: Matharaarachchi Surani , Domaratzki Mike , Katz Alan , Muthukumarana Saman
Published: August 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic is a substantial public health crisis that negatively affects human health and well-being. As a result of being infected with the coronavirus, patients can experience long-term health effects called long COVID syndrome. Multiple symptoms characterize this syndrome, and it is crucial to identify these symptoms as they may negatively impact patients’ day-to-day lives. Breathlessness, fatigue, and brain fog are the 3 most common continuing and debilitating symptoms that patients with long COVID have reported, often months after the onset of COVID-19.

Objective

This study aimed to understand the patterns and behavior of long COVID symptoms reported by patients on the Twitter social media platform, which is vital to improving our understanding of long COVID.

Methods

Long COVID–related Twitter data were collected from May 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021. We used association rule mining techniques to identify frequent symptoms and establish relationships between symptoms among patients with long COVID in Twitter social media discussions. The highest confidence level–based detection was used to determine the most significant rules with 10% minimum confidence and 0.01% minimum support with a positive lift.

Results

Among the 30,327 tweets included in our study, the most frequent symptoms were brain fog (n=7812, 25.8%), fatigue (n=5284, 17.4%), breathing/lung issues (n=4750, 15.7%), heart issues (n=2900, 9.6%), flu symptoms (n=2824, 9.3%), depression (n=2256, 7.4%) and general pains (n=1786, 5.9%). Loss of smell and taste, cold, cough, chest pain, fever, headache, and arm pain emerged in 1.6% (n=474) to 5.3% (n=1616) of patients with long COVID. Furthermore, the highest confidence level–based detection successfully demonstrates the potential of association analysis and the Apriori algorithm to establish patterns to explore 57 meaningful relationship rules among long COVID symptoms. The strongest relationship revealed that patients with lung/breathing problems and loss of taste are likely to have a loss of smell with 77% confidence.

Conclusions

There are very active social media discussions that could support the growing understanding of COVID-19 and its long-term impact. These discussions enable a potential field of research to analyze the behavior of long COVID syndrome. Exploratory data analysis using natural language processing methods revealed the symptoms and medical conditions related to long COVID discussions on the Twitter social media platform. Using Apriori algorithm–based association rules, we determined interesting and meaningful relationships between symptoms.
A Tailored Occupational Therapist–Led Vocational Intervention for People With Stroke: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: O'Keefe Sophie , Radford Kathryn , Farrin Amanda , Oakman Jodi , Alves-Stein Serena , Cloud Geoffrey , Douglas Jacinta , Stanley Mandy , Lannin Natasha A
Published: August 2022

Background

Resuming work after stroke is a common goal of working-age adults, yet there are few vocational rehabilitation programs designed to address the unique challenges faced following stroke. The Work intervention was developed to address these gaps.

Objective

This paper presents a protocol that outlines the steps that will be undertaken to pilot both the intervention and trial processes for the Work trial.

Methods

The Work trial is a 2-arm, prospective, randomized, blinded-assessor study with intention-to-treat analysis. A total of 54 adults of working age who have experienced a stroke <4 months prior will be randomized 1:1 to either (1) an experimental group who will receive a 12-week early vocational intervention (Work intervention) plus usual clinical rehabilitation or (2) a control group who will receive only their usual clinical rehabilitation.

Results

Outcomes include study and intervention feasibility and intervention benefit. In addition to evaluating the feasibility of delivering vocational intervention early after stroke, benefit will be assessed by measuring rates of vocational participation and quality-of-life improvements at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Process evaluation using data collected during the study, as well as postintervention individual interviews with participants and surveys with trial therapists, will complement quantitative data.

Conclusions

The results of the trial will provide details on the feasibility of delivering the Work intervention embedded within the clinical rehabilitation context and inform future trial processes. Pilot data will enable a future definitive trial to determine the clinical effectiveness of vocational rehabilitation when delivered in the early subacute phase of stroke recovery.

Trial Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619001164189; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=378112&isReview=true

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/40548
Analysis of pre-hospital delay in Chinese patients with diabetic foot ulcers: based on 46 cases. (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Zhenmi , Ge Qiaoyue , Zhou Yue , Tian Fan , Jiang Qingling , Hou Bowen
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition caused by impaired regulation of blood glucose levels. The number of adult diabetic patients in China is a total of 116.4 million, among which the incidence of diabetic foot (DF) is as high as 15% ~ 25%. Estimates of the prevalence of foot ulceration vary, but around 1% to 4% of people with DM have foot ulcers at any given time which has a serious impact on health-related quality of life, particularly with respect to physical functioning and role-limitations due to physical and emotional issues.
According to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), the DFUs patients are considered having pre-hospital delay if the interval between the first discovery of foot ulcers to the first visit to a hospital with a diabetic foot specialist treatment team was more than 24h. Some studies have shown that most patients with DFUs do not seek medical treatment in a timely manner. Delays in seeking medical treatment can significantly increase the risk of amputation and death. Therefore, the overall aim of this study is to analyze DFU patients’ treatment-seeking behaviors.

OBJECTIVE

To study the causes of pre-hospital delay in Chinese patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

METHODS

A retrospective study, investigating a case series of 46 DFUs treated at a single hospital, was conducted to evaluate wound condition, wound treatment, costs and patients’ complete medical records, and analyze the reasons causing the pre-hospital delay.

RESULTS

We assessed 46 DFUs aged between 53 to 92 years old. The average pre-hospital delay was 5 months, with nearly 20% being delayed for more than 1 year. The average length of hospital stay in China was 21 days, with an average cost of $8672. Recurrence rate of diabetic foot ulcers was 21%, and three patients were recommended to transfer to upper-level hospital. Besides, the intervention was limited and homogenous and medical records were incomplete.

CONCLUSIONS

Medical service users’ limited understanding of diseases, high costs that patients need to afford, and unsatisfactory treatment by medical service providers are the main reasons for patients’ delay in seeking treatment. Recommendations are offered to reduce the pre-hospital delay of Chinese patients with DFUs.
Extrasensory perception as an instrument for good or Evil a study of Royver’s I see things others do not see and the claw, the tail and the cross
Authors: Catherine Isaac- Agbontai Etunim
Published: August 2022

Man as a generic being has always believed that there was to more to the physical world in which he exists. One of the phenomenon that has concretized this belief, is the ability of certain people, regardless of sex or age to manifest powers beyond the ability of the five senses. In most primitive societies, these people have always been regarded as special. They are readily used in their communities as mediums between this physical world and the spirit world. However, not all of such power holders were considered beneficial as a result of carrying out unwholesome activities that were considered evil for example, witches. These, were many times, feared and ostracised. In modern times, these power holders have lost the glitz and attention they enjoyed in the African traditional religion. They have practically gone under. Without the direct scrutiny of the society which would include the Government, religious bodies, or the police, they are now left to themselves to choose whatever they wanted to do with their powers. In this work, we are able to follow the activities of these power holders as they decide whether to use these powers, to benefit their world, or cause more chaos. We then come to the startling conclusion that it is not the supernatural power or any other kind of power itself that has potential evil but the power holders themselves who driven by power, survival, fear or love can use such uncanny powers for good or evil.
Оптический суперрезонанс в мезоразмерных диэлектрических сферах
Authors: Минин И.В. , Минин О.В.
Published: August 2022

Кратко рассмотрены особенности свой­ств рассеяния плоской электромагнитной волны на сферической диэлектрической частице с параметром размера q порядка 10. Несмотря на долгую историю вопроса, новые решения приводит к неожиданным и иногда необычным результатам, демонстрирующим ряд практически важных свой­ств, в том числе резонанс Фано высокого порядка с генерацией сверхвысокой электромагнитной волны.
Displasias epiteliales, un reto diagnóstico para el patólogo bucal
Authors: Rivera Reza Diana Ivette , Páramo Sánchez Jesica Tamara
Published: August 2022

En patología bucal y maxilofacial la toma de biopsia y, por tanto, el estudio histopatológico es sin duda el estándar de oro para el diagnóstico de la amplia gama de enfermedades que afectan la región bucal y maxilofacial; un caso muy particular es el de las lesiones potencialmente malignas, las cuales hispatológicamente presentan diferentes grados de displasia. Para establecer el diagnóstico de las displasias epiteliales, debemos centrarnos en dos aspectos generales, las características arquitecturales y citológicas. Dentro de los cambios arquitecturales tenemos la estratificación irregular del epitelio, pérdida de la polaridad de las células basales, pérdida de la cohesión de las células, entre otras. En cuanto a los cambios citológicos, los más frecuentes son la variación anormal del tamaño y forma del núcleo y citoplasma, así como la presencia de mitosis atípicas. Estos cambios están presentes en mayor o menor medida en el epitelio, y para asignar grados a cada caso tenemos dos opciones, debido a que aún no existe un consenso; la primera, de forma binaria, es decir clasificar como leve o severa y la establecida por la OMS (Organización Mundial de la Salud), que a su vez es la más utilizada en el gremio y consiste en un enfoque más objetivo con tres categorías, leve, moderado y severo (1-3),  esto considerando el espesor epitelial y el nivel afectado.
Expresión de p63/p40 en quistes y tumores odontogénicos benignos
Authors: Urias Barreras Cynthia Marina , Ramírez Camou Jessica Guadalupe , Ríos Burgueño Efrén Rafael
Published: August 2022

Introducción: p63 pertenece a la familia de genes p53 y codifica diferentes isoformas, TAp63 transactiva el gen diana de p53 que induce la apoptosis, Np63 inhibe la actividad de TAp63 y p53 promoviendo la proliferación y el crecimiento celular. El anticuerpo p63 reconoce las isoformas TAp63 y Np63, mientras que el anticuerpo p40 sólo reconoce la isoforma Np63. Objetivos: Analizar las propiedades discriminatorias de agresividad del inmunoperfil p63/p40 en quistes y tumores odontogénicos benignos. Material y méto- dos: Cinco tumores odontogénicos (tres ameloblastomas, un tumor odontogénico primordial y un fibroma ameloblástico) y 25 quistes odontogénicos (12 queratoquistes odontogénicos, seis quistes radi- culares, cinco quistes dentígeros, un quiste odontogénico glandular, y un caso con nidos epiteliales en la pared quística) se evaluaron con anticuerpos p63 y p40. Resultados: Los ameloblastomas y el fibroma ameloblástico presentaron p63+/p40+ en todas las células neoplásicas epiteliales. El tumor odontogénico primordial mostró positividad en el componente epitelial, excepto en áreas del estra- to superficial. Los queratoquistes odontogénicos mostraron p63+/ p40+ en todos los estratos epiteliales, excepto en la capa superficial paraqueratinizada. Los quistes dentígeros fueron positivos en todas las células epiteliales, algunos con menor intensidad en el estrato superficial. No fue posible evaluar el quiste odontogénico glandu- lar, ya que perdió el componente epitelial en el procesamiento. Los quistes radiculares mostraron p63+ en todos los estratos epiteliales, excepto un caso con positividad intensa pero focal; p40 mostró positividad en algunos casos muy fuerte, en otros, moderada o focal. Por otro lado, se observó p63+/p40+ en los nidos epiteliales odontogénicos en la pared de un quiste. Conclusiones: El inmunofenotipo p63/p40 no es discriminatorio de agresividad en el diagnóstico de quistes y tumores odontogénicos benignos.
Terapia adyuvante con 5-fluorouracilo tópico para queratoquiste odontogénico, presentación de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Hernández-Ortega Óscar Rohel , Malanche-Abdalá Germán , Salgado-Chavarría Fabiola
Published: August 2022

El queratoquiste odontogénico es el tercer quiste más usual de la región maxilar, después del quiste periapical y el quiste dentígero. Se presenta más comúnmente en la zona posterior mandibular, clínicamente puede causar expansión de corticales y desplazamiento del diente involucrado dentro de la lesión. En la actualidad, se han descrito distintos tratamientos para estas entidades, con el objeti- vo de reducir las morbilidades creadas por el cirujano mediante eltratamiento elegido. El 5-fluorouracilo es un antimetabolito utilizado para el tratamiento de carcinomas basocelulares, inhibiendo la vía de señalización Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), la cual, según por su pa- togénesis molecular, también es compartida por los queratoquistes, por lo que recientemente se ha propuesto su tratamiento mediante la aplicación tópica de este metabolito, por su menor morbilidad y su nula neurotoxicidad comparada con otros tratamientos. Se presenta el caso de paciente femenino de 19 años de edad, quien fue tratada con descompresión, enucleación de la lesión y aplicación tópica con 5-fluorouracilo.
Tumor de la infancia infrecuente y localmente agresivo: reporte de caso de fibroma ameloblástico
Authors: Félix Rojas Francisco Javier , Salazar Navarro Luis Alonso , Benítez Pascual Julio , Ríos Burgueño Efrén Rafael , Ochoa Viedas Ricardo , Urias Barreras Cynthia Marina
Published: August 2022

Introducción: El fibroma ameloblástico es un tumor odontogénico mixto, benigno e infrecuente; constituye 1.5-6.5% de los tumores odontogénicos. Se considera un tumor de la infancia, con ligera predilección por el género masculino y fuerte por la región posterior de la mandíbula. Su tratamiento más común, enucleación y curetaje es controversial, debido a la posibilidad de recurrencia y transformación maligna. Presentación del caso: Se reporta un caso de paciente femenino de 12 años, con aumento de volumen asintomático en mandíbula del lado izquierdo. Radiográficamente, se observó una zona radiolúcida multilocular, en cuerpo mandibular y rama ascendente, asociada a un segundo molar inferior impactado y desplazado. Se realizó enucleación y curetaje con colocación de aloinjerto. En el examen microscópico, se observó una proliferación neoplásica de células mesenquimales sobre un estroma mixoide similar a la papila dental, y de células epiteliales dispuestas en folículos y cordones, sin formación de tejidos dentales duros. Por persistencia de la lesión, se realizó una reintervención quirúrgica con resección mandibular y colocación de placas de titanio. Después de 30 meses de seguimiento, la paciente se encuentra libre de lesión y en proceso de rehabilitación oral. Conclusión: El fibroma ameloblástico puede mostrar un comportamiento agresivo persistente a un tratamiento conservador y requerir una intervención quirúrgica radical, por lo que el seguimiento a largo plazo es indispensable.
Enfermedad periodontal asociada al tratamiento oncológico no quirúrgico: una revisión de la bibliografía
Authors: Ysla Hualpa Danna Isabella , Moses Augusto Ana Ximena , Munive Méndez Arnaldo Alfredo
Published: August 2022

Introducción: La periodontitis es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica multifactorial caracterizada por la pérdida de soporte de los dientes. Ésta puede agravarse dependiendo de la condición sistémica de los pacientes; en situaciones tales como el trata- miento oncológico, los procedimientos pueden alterar las estruc- turas de soporte periodontal. Por ello, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo revisar en la literatura la asociación de la enfer- medad periodontal con el tratamiento oncológico. Material y mé- todos: Para la presente revisión se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos (SciELO y MEDLINE), utilizando las palabras cla- ve para SciELO: agentes antineoplásicos, radioterapia, enferme- dad periodontal, neoplasias, periodontitis y para la base de datos MEDLINE: «antineoplastic agents», «radiotherapy», «periodon- tal disease», «neoplasms» y «periodontitis». Las investigaciones consultadas para el presente artículo de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión fueron revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis, estudios experimentales, observacionales y descriptivos, priorizando los artículos de los últimos siete años, no se hizo restricciones en el idioma, se excluyeron estudios en animales. Conclusiones: El tratamiento oncológico genera un estado proinflamatorio celular que agudiza la enfermedad periodontal incrementando el riesgo de destrucción en los tejidos periodontales. Por ello, se recomien- da un manejo clínico adecuado que controle los efectos adversos al periodonto.