bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Color-validity associations put to the test: Examining the robustness of red-false and green-true associations in the Implicit Association Test
Authors: Nadarevic Lena , Kias Alina
Published: October 2021

Although there is a considerable amount of research on color associations, not much is known about color-validity associations. Initial work with a Stroop task suggests automatic green-true and red-false associations. In the present work, we were interested in testing the generalizability of these associations by using a different procedure, the Implicit Association Test (IAT). In four IAT-experiments we investigated red-false and green-true associations across different color contexts and stimulus materials. Participants categorized objects presented in two different colors as well as true and false statements (Experiment 1), true and false mathematical equations (Experiment 2), or true-related and false-related words (Experiment 3). The hypothesized green-true and red-false associations were observed in all experiments when both red and green stimuli appeared within the same task but varied in tasks involving only one of both colors and a respective control color. The use of conceptual color representation instead of colored objects (Experiment 4) did not produce a clear pattern. A final, registered experiment aims at finding an explanation in valence- and/or salience-asymmetries as potential confounds of IAT effects.
How Survey Scoring Decisions Can Bias Your Study’s Results: A Trip Through the IRT Looking Glass
Authors: Soland James , Kuhfeld Megan
Published: October 2021

Though much effort is often put into designing psychological studies, the measurement model and scoring approach employed are often an afterthought, especially when short survey scales are used (Flake & Fried, 2020). One possible reason that measurement gets downplayed is that there is generally little understanding of how calibration/scoring approaches could impact common estimands of interest, including treatment effect estimates, beyond random noise due to measurement error. Another possible reason is that the process of scoring is complicated, involving selecting a suitable measurement model, calibrating its parameters, then deciding how to generate a score, all steps that occur before the score is even used to examine the desired psychological phenomenon. In this study, we provide three motivating examples where surveys are used to understand individuals’ underlying social emotional and/or personality constructs to demonstrate the potential consequences of measurement/scoring decisions. These examples also mean we can walk through the different measurement decision stages and, hopefully, begin to demystify them. As we show in our analyses, the decisions researchers make about how to calibrate and score the survey used has consequences that are often overlooked, with likely implications both for conclusions drawn from individual psychological studies and replications of studies.
Sport as Culture: Social class, styles of cultural consumption, and sports engagement in Canada
Authors: Gemar Adam
Published: October 2021

The consumption of culture has often been ascribed the power to reflect and reproduce social inequalities. However, most work in this area has focused upon music and the arts. Sport is an important element of culture that can and should be studied in a similar fashion as others (Bourdieu, 1978). This thesis thus seeks to bring the theoretical frameworks and analytical tools of sociologies of culture further into the realm of sport. Substantively, this thesis provides an updated and comprehensive re-examining of the relationship between direct sports participation and social stratification in the relatively unexplored national context of Canada. I also innovatively provide an examination of the relationship between social stratification and professional sports consumption. Finally, this thesis fills a gap in the literature by analysing where the consumption of sport fits within broader cultural lifestyles. For these investigations, I use large-scale survey data and various statistical methods to test the foundational theories of Pierre Bourdieu, the ‘omnivore’ thesis, and individualisation arguments of social action to explain these patterns. The findings show direct sports participation relying primarily on dispositions towards the body which are stratified by education and income, especially for the most elite sports. They also show the two most selective omnivorous profiles for professional sport, rather than the most omnivorous, with the highest levels of education and income. This thesis thus sheds doubt on the omnivore thesis within sport, while also showing elements of individualisation regarding age and sex differentiation in consumption. Sports consumption in Canada thus cuts across all three theories of the relation between socio-economic position and sport. These more delimitated consumption profiles contrast with the general adherence to the omnivore thesis within broader cultural lifestyles. This therefore suggests that sport may be a cultural domain where general omnivores practise more distinctive consumption.
Cognitive effects of ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa and its silvernanoparticles in ethanolic dementia model
Authors: Ittiyavirah Sibi P. , Ghosh Reshma
Published: October 2021

Dementia is a condition of progressive deterioration of intellectual or cognitive function. Several factors cause dementia such as excessive alcohol consumption, elevated cholesterol, obesity, hypertension, diabetes (treat to avoid frequent hypoglycaemia) etc. Present study investigated the effects of ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa (EEBD) and its silver nanoparticles AgNPsBD in Ethanol induced interoceptive dementia rat model. Silver nanoparticles of Boerhaavia diffusa (AgNPsBD) were biosynthesized and characterised analytically by UV, SEM, and DLS. Male Wistar albino rats received Ethanol (2.5mg/kg, i.p.) for 15 days. Animals were divided into five groups. Group I contained normal rats, Group II contained Control rats that received Ethanol 2.5 mg/kg i.p. and Group III, Group IV and Group V were received Piracetam, EEBD (300mg/kg) and AgNPsBD (30 mg/kg) p.o. respectively along with Ethanol. Elevated plus maze and Morris water maze were used as exteroceptive models for analysing cognitive performances. The animals were sacrificed and estimated lipid peroxidase and reduced glutathione in rat brain. Dementia induced animals showed reduced cognitive performance and increased oxidative stress when compared to other groups. It is concluded that the EEBD causes a reduction in both transfer latency and retention latencies and the biochemical parameters also indicates the cognitive enhancing effect of EEBD compared to its silver nanoparticles.
Chemical constituents and pharmacological action of Ocimum sanctum (Indian holy basil-Tulsi)
Authors: Verma Sunita
Published: October 2021

The plant of Oscimum sanctum commonly known as “Tulsi”, belong to Lamiaceae family. It is an erect, much branched, fragrant and erected plant attaining a height of about 20-50 cm. Different parts of the plant are used in Ayurveda and Siddha systems of medicine for prevention and cure of many illnesses like cough, influenza, common cold, headache, fever, colic pain, bronchitis, asthma, hepatic diseases, fatigue, skin diseases, arthritis, digestive disorders. The present paper is an attempt to provide a detailed botanical description, taxonomy, traditionally used and various pharmacological activity study of the plant.
Standardization of Naga Bhasma prepared by two different Bhavana Dravya
Authors: Verma Ashish , Bedarakar Prashant , Galib Dr. , Patgiri B.J. , Prajapati P.K.
Published: October 2021

Naga Bhasma is one of the herbo-metallic preparations used in Ayurveda and claimed to possess broad spectrum of therapeutic efficacy. The Standard manufacturing Procedures of Naga Bhasma prepared by two methods by changing Bhavana dravya were developed with latex (NBAD) and leaf juice of Calatropis procera (NBAS). Shuddha Manahshila (Realgar) was taken as a Maraka Dravya. Naga Bhasma was prepared by using classical guidelines described in Rasa Ratna Samuchhaya. Total 10 Puta are required for preparation of Naga Bhasma. Total three batches of each group were prepared. An Average of 8.83% increase in weight of Manahshila was observed after Shodhana and 1600 ml Ardraka Swarasa was required for levigation. An Average of 12.57 & 18.55% increase in weight was found in NBAD and NBAS groups’ respectively. An Average of 181.33 ml of latex and 182.66 mlleaf juice of Calatropis procera were required for Bhavana. Grey coloured Naga Bhasma was obtained after 10 Puta in EMF. Both the Bhavana dravya i.e. latex and leaf juice were found similar in view of pharmaceutical and analytical aspect, hence method of preparation of Naga Bhasma with Arkapatra Swarasa may be preferred in view of large scale manufacture, cost, labour and availability of drugs.
Eco-friendly Methods of Natural Dye Extraction from Bark of Ficus religiosa and Their Impacts on Dyeing Technology in Nepal
Authors: Pandey Durga Prasad , Parajuli Numkant , Devkota Anil , Aryal Sangam , Bhandari Netra Lal
Published: October 2021

Plant-based natural dyes are eco-friendly and less allergic to the human body. Different reports on toxicity and allergic reactions that appeared in synthetic dyes cause interest in natural dyes in recent years. The present study focused on the feasibility of aqueous extraction of plant dyes from the bark of Ficus religiosa (Peepal), a historical tree of Hindu culture.  Extracted dyes were characterized by ultra-violet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to reveal the structural and functional confirmation of extracted dye. Dye was used for dyeing fabric using both natural and commercial mordant. Mordants such as lemon juice and metallic salts such as potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), copper sulphate (CuSO4.5H2O), and iron sulphate (FeSO4) are used to set extracted dye on cotton fabrics and other fibers. This research aims to find the effectiveness and feasibility study of the use of natural mordant instead of metallic mordant. The use of natural dyeing with natural mordant is very effective for health purpose but found to be expensive.
Preparation and Quality Evalution of Amala (Phyllanthus emblica L.) Fruit Leather
Authors: Guragain Nabin , KC Yadav
Published: October 2021

Preparation and quality evaluation of amala (Phyllanthus emblica L.) fruit leather from chakaiya variety was done. The amala pulp and sugar  were mixed separately at the proportion of 50:50, 65:35, 57.5:42.5, 80:20, and 72.5:27.5 to prepare leather and labeled as samples A, B, C, D and E respectively. Total soluble solids, acidity, pH, total ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, total sugar and vitamin C content of each product samples prepared were determined. For sensory analysis, 9-point hedonic rating test was carried out. Sensory evaluation showed that all the sensory attribute scores were significantly higher (P<0.05) in leather prepared by using 65 parts and 57.5 parts amala pulp. The chemical analysis of leather samples showed that crude fat (0.26±0.02%), crude protein (1.60±0.06%), crude fiber (4.78±0.06 %), total ash (2.29±0.04%), acidity (2.60±0.01%) and vitamin C (394.37±0.6 mg/100 g) were significantly higher (P<0.05) in leather prepared by using amala pulp: sugar ratio of 80:20. But, total soluble solids (67±0.5 °Bx), energy value (382.60±0.95 Kcal/100 g) and total sugar (88.82±1.12%) were significantly higher in leather prepared by using 50 parts amala pulp. However, nutritional characteristics in sample B (65 parts pulp) were significantly higher than that of sample C (57.5 part pulp) so that sample B was selected as the best of all the samples.
Impact of Government Policy on Women Empowerment: Evidence from the Poverty Alleviation Fund, Nepal
Authors: Gautam Susmita
Published: October 2021

Traditionally, most of the women in developing countries like Nepal have had to face different forms of inequality and discrimination such as limited access to education, deprivation from property rights and forced early marriage mainly due to the patriarchal structure of society. As a result, gender disparity, forced marriage and violence against them, women have a lower societal status and lower level of education, few accesses to employment and legal rights compared to male. Government policies and programs helps to improve all the aspects of women empowerment. The main objective is to study the impact of government policy based programme for women empowerment. The study demonstrates the role, responsibility, opportunity, and decision-making issues of women. Taking reference of PAF model for women empowerment members of community organizations (CO) involved were selected as a sample. Both qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed. The PAF model takes community demand driven approach and supports the formation of representative community organizations of the poor and helps them identify their own development priorities, needs and solutions. The findings revealed that the women are in the process of their empowerment. They need position help and support from the family, society, and country as well. For this, country should develop gender friendly policies and programs.
Social Life and Everyday Experience of Ethnic People in Urban Setting: An Anthropological Overview of Darai People of Damauli Bazaar
Authors: Kaini Tika Raj , Shree Bishista
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the issues of urban development and the quality of life of Darai people with the process of modernization. It explores the process of urbanization and distribution of land after the planning in urban area. The paper highlights issues of ethnic solidarity, tensions and situation of utilization of modern facilities among the Darai ethnic population of Damauli Bazaar. Findings of this research point out the overall dissatisfaction with inadequate facilities, fear of ethnic tensions, exclusion from social processes and division in ethnic solidarity among the studied population.
नेपालमा ऋषिमुनिका आश्रम [Ashram under sage in Nepal]
Authors: दुलाल लोकनाथ
Published: October 2021

नेपाल तीर्थहरूको मुहान मानिन्छ । यो पुण्यभूमिभित्र विश्वास गरिएका र ख्याति कमाएका धेरै तीर्थस्थलहरू छन् । जङ्गमतीर्थ, मानसतीर्थ र भौमतीर्थ यी त्रिविध तीर्थको कमी यहाँ छैन । यहाँ ऋषिमुनि तथा सिद्धहरूले लामो समयसम्म साधना गरेका, ज्ञान बाँँडेका एवम् सिद्धिप्राप्त गरेका तपोभूमि, ज्ञानभूमि, सिद्धभूमि, आश्रमजस्ता पुरातात्त्विक, ऐतिहासिक, धार्मिक, सांस्कृतिक महŒवका स्थलहरू छन् । ती सबै तीर्थस्थलअन्तर्गत पर्ने सम्पदा हुन् । यो पुण्यभूमिमा सत्य, त्रेता र द्वापर युगमा ऋषिमहर्षिहरूले साधना गरी ज्ञान उत्पादन गरेको मानिन्छ । प्राप्त ज्ञानले दुनियाँलाई दीक्षित बनाए । ऋषिमहर्षि तथा सिद्धहरूले योगसाधना, ज्ञान तथा साहित्य सिर्जना, ज्ञान प्रवद्र्धन एवं वितरण गरेका तपोभूमि, ज्ञानभूमि, सिद्धभूमि, आश्रमहरूको सङ्ख्या यहाँ धेरै छन् भन्ने मान्यता रहेको छ ।कतिपय यस्ता स्थलहरू अझसम्म पनि प्रकाशित हुनसकेका छैनन् । नेपालमा दसवटा स्थान विश्वसम्पदा सूचीमा सूचीकृत छन् । दुर्भाग्यवश यी पुण्यभूमिमध्ये कुनै एक स्थान पनि विश्वसम्पदा सूचीमा सूचीकृत हुनसकेका छैनन् । ऋषिमुनि तथा सिद्धहरूसँग सम्बन्धित त्यस्ता स्थलहरू आज बेखबर छन् । अध्ययन अनुसन्धानकर्ताको ध्यान पर्याप्त रूपमा त्यसतर्फ पुग्न सकेको देखिँदैन । यसलाई शोधखोजको क्षेत्रमा देखिएको एउटा उल्लेख्य समस्या ठानिएको छ । अतः यो प्राज्ञिक खाँचो आंशिक रूपमा भए तापनि सम्बोधन तथा परिपूर्ति गर्ने उद्देश्यले यो लेख तयार पारिएको हो । यो अध्ययन प्राथमिक तथा द्वितीयक तथ्याङ्कमा आधारित छ ।यस लेखमा गुणात्मक प्रकृतिका तथ्याङ्कहरू सङ्कलन तथा विश्लेषण गरिएका छन् । अतः यो गुणात्मक ढाँचामा आधारित लेख हो । [Nepal is considered the source of pilgrimage. There are many places of pilgrimage that are believed and famous in this holy land. There is no shortage of these three types of pilgrimages, Jangmatirtha, Manasatirtha and Bhoumatirtha. There are places of archeological, historical, religious and cultural significance such as Tapobhumi, Gyanbhumi, Siddhabhumi and Ashram where sages and Siddhas practiced for a long time, shared knowledge and attained perfection. All of them are heritage sites. In this holy land, in the age of Satya, Treta and Dwapar, sages are believed to have produced knowledge through sadhana. The knowledge gained made the world initiated. It is believed that there are a large number of Tapobhumis, Gyanbhumis, Siddhabhumis and Ashrams where sages and sages have practiced yoga, created knowledge and literature, promoted and distributed knowledge. Some such sites have not been published yet. Ten places in Nepal are listed in the World Heritage List. Unfortunately, none of these holy places have been inscribed on the World Heritage List. Such sites associated with sages and sages are unknown today. The study researcher's attention does not seem to have reached enough. This is considered to be a significant problem in the field of research. Therefore, this article has been prepared for the purpose of addressing and fulfilling this academic need, even if only partially. This study is based on primary and secondary data. This article collects and analyzes data of qualitative nature. So this is an article based on a qualitative format.]
Managing the tension between trust and security: A qualitative study of Norwegian social workers’ experience with preventing radicalisation and violent extremism
Authors: Haugstvedt Håvard
Published: October 2021

In Norway, social workers play a formalised part in the national strategy to prevent radicalisation and violent extremism. This part is played out by engaging with other services and organisations, such as the schools, health services, police and the police security service (PST), in a multiagency cooperation. In addition, social workers engage directly with individuals who have been deemed at risk of further radicalisation and are tasked with providing prevention and follow-up services. Norwegian social workers’ experiences from the work to prevent radicalisation and violent extremism (PVE) have not yet been specifically explored. Thus, this study asks the following main research question: How do Norwegian social workers experience and reflect upon their engagement in preventive work against radicalization and violent extremism? To answer this, an explorative qualitative study was devised utilizing data from 17 in-depth interviews and two focus-group interviews, analysed through an eclectic theoretical framework to reveal new knowledge. Furthermore, the study seeks to contribute to a theoretical development of social work in a new knowledge and practice field, alongside police and PST. The study finds that Norwegian social workers performing PVE experience tension from conflict expectations. First, Norwegian social workers frame and approach the task of PVE as a social issue and lean on common social worker strategies, and trustbuilding, in particular. This is labelled internal expectations. Next, through cooperation with police and PST, they are expected to participate in a more ‘secretive’ practices, where sensitive information flows more smoothly, without clients’ necessarily being aware of this. Analysis of this cooperation indicates that several types of jurisdictional settlements between social workers and the police, and PST in particular, exits. Of these, subordination to PST raise the most apparent ethical dilemmas for social workers. This practice influence and expectations from policy documents are labelled as external expectations. The conflict occurring between these two expectations create tension in the form of emotional dissonance and person role/conflicts. To cope with these, social workers apply emotion management strategies (internal management) as well as social support from peers and support staff (external management). As an extension of social support, where social workers may become aware of how policy and other professional logics influence their practice field, this thesis suggests that social workers may communicate these challenges to managers and policymakers through an offensive policy directed practice. These findings contribute to the development of the role of the social worker itself, influenced by security logics and policy, and suggests how this can be dealt with through a clearer demarcation between what is and what is not included in the tasks and responsibilities of social workers in PVE.
Perancangan Alat Ukur Suhu Tubuh Dan Hand Sanitizer Otomatis Berbasis IOT
Authors: Hendrian Yayan
Published: October 2021

Abstrak  - Wabah Covid-19 yang melanda hampir di seluruh dunia membuat sistem kehidupan manusia berubah dan menciptakan beberapa kebiasaan baru, salah satunya gerakan mencuci tangan dengan baik dan benar. Untuk mendukung gerakan 3 M diperlukan penemuan-penemuan baru yang praktis dan menambah nilai guna, contohnya penggunaan hand sanitizer dan pengukuran suhu tubuh yang dikombinasikan dalam satu alat berbasis IOT. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat alat ukur suhu tubuh dan hand sanitizer otomatis dengan menggunakan sensor LM35 sebagai sensor suhu,  NodeMCU ESP 8266 sebagai pemrosesan data yang kemudian menampilkan hasilnya pada LCD dan aplikasi Thinkspeak, sensor infrared digunakan untuk mendeteksi jarak suatu objek, lalu motor servo akan merespon perintah berdasarkan masukan dari sensor infrared. Alat ini dibuat dengan menggunakan modul NodeMCU ESP8266 yang diprogram dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman C pada Arduino IDE yang hasil keluarannya menggunakan web. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa monitoring suhu tubuh dan hand sanitizer otomatis menggunakan NodeMCU ESP 8266 berbasis IOT berhasil dibuat dan dapat memberikan informasi secara realtime mengenai temperature tubuh. Alat ukur suhu tubuh ini dapat membantu menampilkan hasil sensor yang telah terbaca ditampilkan dalam bentuk web.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Shipbroker Sebagai Media Transaksi Sewa Menyewa Kapal Berbasis Web
Authors: Hidayatulloh Syarif , Radiyah Ummu , Umma Fauzan Khairo
Published: October 2021

PT Samudera Perdana Transpotama adalah sebuah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang jasa pengurusan transportasi. Perusahaan ini menggunakan email sebagai media komunikasi. Begitu banyak email yang masuk sehingga mengakibatkan lambatnya proses mediasi dalam mencocokan permintaan antara pihak pemilik kapal dan penyewa. Pengembangan media berupa aplikasi berbasis website merupakan solusi terbaik untuk perusahaan ini agar lebih maju dan profesional. Model pengembangan sistem yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan metode Waterfall atau disebut juga Classic Life Cycle. Bahasa pemrograman yang dipakai untuk pembuatan sistem ini adalah PHP. Untuk bagian desain menggunakan Jquery dan Bootstrap. Pada penyimpanan dan pengolahan data menggunakan database MySQL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat aplikasi yang dapat memudahkan mediator dan perusahaan dalam menjalankan proses bisnisnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu membangun suatu sistem aplikasi Shipbroker berbasis web pada PT Samudera Perdana Transpotama, dengan adanya sistem ini user dapat menawarkan kapalnya untuk disewakan dan juga user dapat mencari kapal yang ingin di sewa sesuai kebutuhannya.
«Z lupoyu literaturnoho detektyva» (Do problemy identyfikatsiyi utayemnychenykh tekstiv)
Authors: Krupach Mykola
Published: October 2021

The article “Contemporary Ukrainian Poetry” by Oleh Olzhych has been given the status of an authoritative source in domestic literary criticism in recent decades, in particular, in the study of the genesis of emigrant poetry of 1920-1930 and in general on the interpretation of the state of national literature in eastern and western countries, which in the interwar period were respectively under the rule of Russia and Poland. Only the “textual coincidences, general concept and intonation” of the article and Olzhych’s related texts were taken as the basis of identification. Such a technique contains elements of pre-programming of the final result and can lead to erroneous conclusions in identifying the author of the publication. It draws attention to the analogies of text construction, subject matter, lexical and stylistic coincidences, etc., but distracts from what is the main in the objective establishment of the publication of a particular person - the (internal) content of the text. The example of Olzhych’s attitude to the process of development of national literature in the interwar period and especially to the work of his father (Oleksandr Oles) shows that he can’t be the author of a politically quite controversial article “Contemporary Ukrainian Poetry”.
Graniczne kształty ukraińskiego dramatu. Nataliia Maliutina, Ukraińska dramaturgia końca XIX i początku XX wieku. Redakcja naukowa Bogusław Bakuła, Agnieszka Matusiak, Toruń: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, 271 s.
Authors: Polishchuk Yaroslav
Published: October 2021

The review analyses the new book of professor Natalia Maliutina Ukrainian Drama of the End of XIX and Beginning of XX Centuries (Toruń 2020). The discussed book offers a systematic view of the Ukrainian drama. The author is interested in the process of the appearance of the new drama’s forms and genres on the borders of mentioned ages at the time when in Ukrainian literature period of modernism was beginning. The main attention in the book is dedicated to literary works of outstanding writers such as Ivan Karpenko-Karyi, Lesia Ukrainka, Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Oleksandr Oles. Therefore, the researcher also appeals to the creativity of less known and even forgotten writers of that time, between them Spyrydon Cherkasenko, Liubov Yanovska, Hnat Khotkevych etc. The monography of Natalia Maliutina evidences the influences of European culture on Ukrainian drama and appeals to the wide comparative problems of Europe of the mentioned period.
Diariusz wojny smoleńskiej Władysława IV (1633-1634)
Authors: Nagielski Mirosław
Published: October 2021

Władysław IV Smolensk campaign is well described both in historical works and sources including diaries of Mikhail Borisovich Shein. One of these diaries now kept Riksarkivet in Stockholm describes military activities from the coming of relief force organized by Władysław IV in September 1633 to the Treaty of Polyanovka signed in June 1634. It contains previously unknown information about battles of Smolensk, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth troops march, complex relationships between hetmans, difficulties of army provisioning, officers and soldiers of various types of units. Thanks to the documents from the theatre of war we are able to reconstruct the structure of the officer cadre of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Muscovite forces. Also noteworthy are relations of Registered Cossacks comprised special units of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that came to present in front of the king. The Diary mainly describes military activities until the surrender of Shein, leaving little space to describe the struggle on the Biała in spring 1634. That event is described in every detail in the diary of John Moskorzewski.
Pylyp Orlyk sam pro sebe
Authors: Sobol Walentyna
Published: October 2021

This article explores various forms of self-presentation of the hetman on the path of self-knowledge in the conditions of hopelessness caused by emigration. Pylyp Orlyk’s handwritten diary of 1725, 1726, and 1727 is dominated by motives of accustoming to emigration conditions, protection of privacy, discourses, illness and recovery, friendship, solitude with reading, and finally, more clearly than before, the self-awareness of the soul. “Peregrine”, as Orlyk calls himself in 1727, after eighteen years of emigration. He orders two or three services at once for the children on their birthdays, for the health of his wife Anna of the Hercyk family. Orlyk visits all the churches in Thessaloniki, is a good Christian, but nowhere emphasizes his denomination. He believes in the power of praying for the health of his family and friends. Sincere prayer becomes medicine. One of the described disasters of that time is perceived today in a very modern way - “bad air”. This euphemism is repeated in the manuscript when it comes to the plague pandemic in Thessaloniki, Smyrna, Istanbul.
Utverdzhennya prosvitnytsʹkoyi estetyky u shchodennyku Petra Apostola
Authors: Myshanych Yaroslav
Published: October 2021

The diary of Petro Apostol belongs to great samples of documentary prose of the beginning of the 18th century. The document indicates an expressive influence of the European ideological and cultural trend of the Enlightenment, which found its reflection in the language, figurative system and problems. The author wrote his diary for more than two years - from May 1725 to August 1727. There are several motifs in the diary, against the background and in the interweaving of which the historical era of Ukraine of that time is visible. First of all, it is told about the family of the Apostols and their life in the Myrgorod regiment. The system of images created by the author is interesting - here his parents, peasants, Cossacks, serfs, Cossacks foremen, Russian nobles, merchants, princes, tsars, foreigners, friends of the author. The author’s attitude to his heroes is characteristic of enlighteners. It is rationalistic, that is, each mentioned person in society performs his function regardless of which class he belongs to. Particular interest in a wide range of problems that the author writes about in his notes - he is interested in family, agriculture, relations between people, legal issues, the problem of serfdom, poverty, personal relations, he talks about books and newspapers, about friends, about his father, about Prince Menshikov and his service, talks about entertainment and leisure, about dances and receptions, talks about clothes and everyday life, about gift s for the family, about his wife, about baptism and the birth of a child. The author does these problems esthetic in his notes, puts them into literary practice.
“Like a Song Gone Silent”: The Political Ecology of Barbarism and Civilization in Waiting for the Barbarians and The Legend of the Thousand Bulls
Authors: Dirlik Arif
Published: October 2021

Of all the ideas that have gone into shaping our conception of history, those that are products of the juxtaposition of the civilized against the barbarian are among the most fundamental, universal, and persistent. History as we know it is the account of civilization which, in this conception, is another way of saying a break with and subsequent conquest of nature and the creation of a physical and social space within which men (and to a lesser extent, women) can overcome the animality of their natures to become human beings. Outside that space is the realm of the barbarian: a realm without history, a realm represented as that which civilization seeks not to be and in which humanity is once again subject to nature and animality. While the boundaries of the two realms may shift and, with them, our ideas of what it means to be civilized (and therefore human), there is little disputing that the conflict between civilization and barbarism is a grand metahistorical theme around which we have thought and written history.
Diaspora by Design: Flexible Citizenship and South Asians in U.S. Racial Formations
Authors: Viwweswaran Kamala
Published: October 2021

Is the warm reception given Dinesh D’Souza’s writing not in part due to the place he occupies as a member of a “model minority” seen as increasingly important to political conservatives like Phil Gramm? I wonder. I have been equally struck by the fact that under the second Reagan administration, one of the most prominent members of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the agency charged with monitoring and investigating claims of racial discrimination, was Joy Cherian, an Indian immigrant. More recently, I have contemplated the role Pakistani-American M. Ali Raza played (in 1994) in asking California State Attorney Quentin Kopp for an opinion on the affirmative action hiring policies in the California State University system.
Building Clinical Skills Teaching Materials: A Study of Cognitive Task Analysis Versus Free Recall Instruction to Teach Canine Indirect Ophthalmoscopy
Authors: McMillan Chantal J. , Read Matt R. , Hecker Kent G. , Skorobohach Brian J. , Banse Heidi E.
Published: October 2021

Ophthalmoscopy is a core component of a complete ophthalmic examination. Due to its complex technical aspects and patients becoming uncooperative if the procedure is prolonged, it can be a difficult skill for a novice to learn and develop proficiency in. Skills instruction is typically provided by subject matter experts (SMEs) through free recall without an agreed-upon instructional framework. This can lead to unintentional omission of essential steps and knowledge required to perform skills correctly. Cognitive task analysis (CTA) allows for construction of standardized instructional protocols that encompass the knowledge and skills experts apply when performing tasks. The objectives of this study were to (a) develop a CTA-based teaching protocol for canine indirect ophthalmoscopy and (b) compare the steps verbalized or demonstrated by SMEs during free recall instruction versus those ultimately identified by CTA. Four SMEs participated in free recall instructional sessions and interviews used for the development of a CTA-based teaching protocol for novice learners. The CTA-based protocol identified 66 steps and sub-steps considered essential for successfully performing canine indirect ophthalmoscopy. During instructional sessions, SMEs on average failed to verbalize 57.1% of clinical knowledge steps, did not verbalize or demonstrate 68.3% and 9.5% of action steps and did not verbalize or demonstrate 73.2% and 40.4% of decision steps, respectively. This study demonstrates that SMEs teaching indirect ophthalmoscopy by free recall may unintentionally omit important steps, suggesting that compared with free recall, CTA may generate more comprehensive and thus potentially more effective instructional materials for teaching technical skills in veterinary medicine.
In Relation: Indigenous and Black Excursions on Our Now
Authors: Walcott Rinaldo
Published: October 2021

The relation of Idle No More to Black Lives Matter as movements and organiza¬tions is undeniable. In each case women are credited with starting the organizations and significantly impacting the larger social movements of which the organizations are a major element and powerful driving force. Jessica Gordon, Sheelah McLean, Sylvia McAdam and Nina Wilson, the founders of Idle No More, and Alicia Garza, Opal Tometi and Patrisse Cullors of Black Lives Matter represent a new moment in social movement organizing in which people identifying as women, queer and trans have taken the public leadership roles in direct action and grass roots organizing in a fashion not so clearly witnessed before. Their collective actions have brought significant attention to Indigenous and Black lives in North America in a dramatic political fashion that has reshaped our present political context. In this issue of TOPIA Indigenous lives and Black Lives live close up to each other on our pages.
ambigüedad y su afectación en las organizaciones. Una revisión de literatura.
Authors: Ordoñez Abril Daniel Yiwady , Cabezas Valencia Pilar , Gonzáles García Marlly , Marín Serna Yessica
Published: October 2021

La ambigüedad  se desarrolla en ambientes  organizacionales confusos que requiere de líderes y/o gerentes que implementen metodologías, estrategias, competencias y habilidades que promueva  buenas relaciones laborales, aumento en la productividad y sostenibilidad en el mercado. Este artículo propone revisar sistemáticamente la literatura sobre la ambiguedad en las organizaciones y su impacto en desarrollo social. Evidenciando,  que este entorno se puede desarrollar en cualquier contexto, no tiene técnicas o estrategias establecidas; pero si es necesario, que las personas encargadas tengan liderazgo, tomen decisiones acertadas, gestionen las situaciones ambiguas y sean creativos e innovadores ante las situaciones emergentes. Esta investigación concluye que en contextos caóticos donde se presenta continuamente situaciones de ambigüedad, es vital que los lideres de procesos organizacionales cuenten con habilidades blandas y duras que le permitan afrontar de forma efectiva las condiciones del contexto y mitigar los riesgos psicosociales.
Kedudukan dan Peran Manusia dalam Alam: Tanggapan atas Kritik Al Gore terhadap Arne Naess
Authors: Ohoiwutun Barnabas
Published: October 2021

This articleaims to respond Al Gore’s critics onArne Naess’ concept of deep ecology. ForAl Gore, deep ecology of ArneNaesshas reduced the position and the role of human being in nature. The reason is becauseNaess’s deep ecologyis assumed to see human being as the source of destruction on earth and alien which is not part of nature; it grasps man as creature without ability to think and to have free will; and it has no solution for current ecological crisis. Naess, in constrast, comprehends human beings as good in himself, part of nature, and a unique creature. Because of this uniqueness,human being has responsibility to protect and to preserve nature.Thus, although they have differences, both deep ecology of Naess and the ecology of Al Gore havemany similarities. These similarities can be used ascontribution to any effort to save the earth today.

Key words: ekologi dalam, menusia, alam, antroposentrisme, ekosentrisme
Reading Texts on The Violence of God in The Bible
Authors: Wardoyo Gregorius Tri
Published: October 2021

Violent texts in the bible both in the Old Testament or in the New Testament, especially in the Old Testament, arise a problem for a potential reader on how to read and understand their message and the theology of the author of the Book. For this reason, biblical scholars try to read it and they propose the way to read such texts, such as to read them in the historical context of the Book itself, and interpret them as a reflection of the author and their experience. This article tries to propose another way to read violent texts, in particularly that involve God as author of violent deeds. The methode of this discussion is exegetical analysis on the texts of the Old Testament, especially on those which narrate the violent deeds of God . The result of the study is the violent deeds of God aim to recreate the creation; that is why such violent texts might be read in the frame of the new creation.

Key words: Alkitab, Keluaran, Kekerasan, Allah, Penciptaan (Baru)
Teologi Bisnis: Korporasi, Masalah HAM dan Mandat Penciptaan-Penyelamatan
Authors: Mere Winibaldus Stefanus
Published: October 2021

This article aims at framing a theological understanding about business in the context of the impacts of corporate conducts on human rights. The relevance of this theological understanding arises from the need to bring a true liberation (salvation) in a contradictory reality: human suffering due to human rights violation in business activities on the one hand and ineffectiveness of legal and moral instruments, as well as weak individual and collective commitments of government and business actors in dealing with that problem on the other hand. Using “creation, fall and redemption” approach as basis for biblical worldview to understand issues related to business and its social impacts, this article highlights the necessity of internal factors as foundational values that can bring about a true commitment to do business not only based on legal and moral norms as a mere socio-political consensus, but also as an expression of a socio-spiritual obedience to and faith in God. Because, more than just accumulating commercial benefits, business has mission to realize God’s work for human salvation in this world. Business actors as individuals and organization (corporation) become God’s collaborators – mainly in their nature as bearer of the Image of God and mandate of creation - to materialize the works of salvation in this world through their activities in the production and distribution of goods and services that respect human rights.

Keywords: teologi bisnis, korporasi, hak asasi manusia, gambaran Allah, mandat penciptaan, penebusan, kapitalisme liberal
Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio, Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Tumor Microemboli as Predictors of Thrombosis in Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Soriano Pignataro Bruno , Soriano Pignataro Bruno , Ali Abdallah Emne , Fernando Calsavara Vinicius , Lopes Mello Celso Abdon , Nishinari Kenji , Yazbek Guilherme , Domingos Chinen Ludmilla Thome
Published: October 2021

Background: Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in oncology patients. There are no accurate risk assessment tools to predict venous thromboembolism (VTE). Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor microemboli (CTM), and high platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) may predispose to VTE.
Objective: To evaluate correlations of CTCs, CTM, and PLR with VTE and progression-free survival (PFS) in gastric cancer patients.
Methods: Patients with gastric cancer were recruited (March 2016 to April 2017). CTCs were assayed by ISET at two timepoints: before neoadjuvant treatment (CTC1) and after surgery/before adjuvant therapy (CTC2) for patients with localized disease, and before first-line chemotherapy (CTC1) and after 6 months (CTC2) for patients with metastases. VTE incidence was determined retrospectively. PFS was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Results: We studied 93 patients. According to Khorana scores, 63 (67.7%) patients were at intermediate and 30 (32.3%) were at high risk for VTE. VTE incidence was 20.4% and CTM were found in 39.8%. VTE developed in 7/37 (18.9%) CTM-positive and in 11/50 (22%) CTM-negative patients (p=0.93). When PLR >288, VTE occurred in 7/14 patients (p=0.005). PLR also associated with poor PFS (p<0.0001). CTC2 was associated with poor PFS (p<0.0001). CTC2, PLR and VTE were independent prognostic factors for PFS (p=0.005, 0.043, and <0.0001 respectively).
Conclusion: PLR is a prognostic indicator for PFS and for VTE in gastric cancer. Neither CTC, nor CTM improved risk stratification for VTE in our population.
Globalization challenges and competitiveness of the enterprise’s personnel
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Zelinska H. , Andrusiv U. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas
Published: October 2021

H. Zelinska, U. Andrusiv. Globalization challenges and competitiveness of the enterprise’s personnel The article examines certain aspects of the social component of personnel in the context of the innovative development of an enterprise, the strengthening of globalization challenges the Ukrainian economy faces. It is substantiated that in the modern conditions of the enterprise the problem of personnel sustainability is ripe. The possibility of considering this issue through such components as motivational, managerial and public has been determined. It is determined that the competitiveness of staff is a significant factor in shaping the competitive advantages of any enterprise. It has been proved that education and professional development of personnel are becoming the dominant factors in the formation of competitive advantages of enterprises in the agro-industrial complex. Keywords: development, social component, enterprise, personnel, innovation, competitiveness, globalization, potential.
Dioctofimose em canino de zona rural da cidade de Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Della Senta Mirele , Andrade Romani Carolina , Spengler Andressa
Published: October 2021

Dictofimosis is a disease caused by the nematode Dioctophyma renale and is characterized by a relatively common finding in rural dogs, most often as an asymptomatic condition. The parasitism usually affects the right kidney, because of its proximity to the duodenum, however, there are literature reports indicating the involvement of the contralateral kidney and ectopic locations. The epidemiology of nematode parasitism involves a complex evolutionary cycle, and may even have man as an accidental host. The most effective treatment is through surgical removal of the parasite and removal of the affected kidney. Canine populations that live on riverbanks, lakes and other aquatic habitats are more susceptible to infection, due to the greater contact and possibility of ingesting paratenic hosts such as fish and frogs. Thus, the knowledge of this disease by veterinarians should be included in the differential diagnosis of causes of nephropathies.
Hipercoagulabilidade secundária ao hiperadrenocorticismo em cães: Revisão
Authors: Almeida Gabriela Barbosa de , Santos de Miranda Mariana , Segalla Caragelasco Douglas , Andrade de Barros Michele
Published: October 2021

Hyperadrenocorticism or Cushing's Syndrome is an endocrinopathy characterized by a high concentration of cortisol in the circulation. This hormone is responsible for numerous changes in the body, including increased clotting that contributes to the formation of thrombi. This complication is considered highly fatal, in this sense, the objective of the present study was to understand, through literature and academic review of scientific papers, the pathophysiology of hypercoagulability secondary to hyperadrenocorticism, in addition to identifying diagnostic methods for such anomalies and their possible treatments. Numerous possibilities have been found to explain the increase in coagulation, however, all the theories cited by the authors are still poorly understood. The diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome can be made by several methods, the most used being the low dose dexamethasone suppression test. Hypercoagulability, on the other hand, may be identified through thromboelastrography or rotational thromboelastometry, these tests may fully evaluate hemostasis. In addition to these tests, other diagnostic methods can also assist in the assessment of the animal's hemostatic situation, such as platelet count, measurement of coagulation factors, fibrinogen concentration, among others. The treatment of hyperadrenocorticism basically consists of the administration of trilostane or mitotane. Nevertheless, the control of this hormone does not guarantee a significant improvement in the hypercoagulable state present in the patient, since cortisol has a prolonged effect on the body and depending on the dosage established for a period of time without action of the medication. Hence, this complication must be treated when the tests show signs of hypercoagulability or when the animal has a concomitant condition that predisposes to the formation of thrombi, and then establishes anticoagulant therapy.
Mieloencefalite protozoária em potros: Relato de casos
Authors: Gazeta de Jesus Gislaine
Published: October 2021

Equine protozoan myeloencephalitis is considered a neurological disease of importance. The protozoan that causes the disease is Sarcocystis neurona and is transmitted to horses via the oro-fecal route through the waste of the definitive hosts, the possums (Didelphis virginiana and Didelphis albiventris). The disease causes neurological symptoms in horses due to the direct action of the parasite on the nervous tissue, causing secondary inflammatory response and clinical signs such as asymmetric muscle atrophy, muscle weakness, motor incoordination resulting from decreased proprioception. The signs of the disease may vary, as it will depend on the location of the lesion (brain, cerebellum or even spinal cord). Two horses with the disease attended the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Mato Grosso. The treatment of choice was carried out using toltrazuril, sulfa / trimethoprim, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, thiocolchicoside and vitamin E and selenium. However, the best form of prevention is to avoid contamination of the food by the definitive host.