Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Sistem Zonasi PPDB Sebagai Upaya Pemerataan Pendidikan Sekolah Menengah Atas Di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Wijayanti Melly Permatabella , Nurjaman Asep 
Published: April 2020

Abstract: The basis for the implementation of Child-Friendly Schools regarding Article 4 of Law No.23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. Schools designate as implementing agents in the education process who must have a friendly culture in carrying out their functions to achieve the goals of education. The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of anti-bullying in preparing the SRA, the participation of stakeholders, and the challenges in the process of implementing anti-bullying in the making of Child-Friendly Schools in SD and MI Tanah Bumbu Regency. This research uses descriptive qualitative. With data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation of participation, and study documentation. The results of this study indicate that: 1) this child-friendly school model is to create quality education for every child with children's rights and is also free from the conversation, friendly school programs namely anti-bullying is one way to tackle and correct problems or help bullying in school; 2) educators and parents a. This study aims to describe the implementation of the PPDB zoning system policy as an effort to equalize access to education in DIY and the impact of implementing the policy. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach which is carried out in SMA Negeri 1 Yogyakarta and SMA Negeri 1 Panggang. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and study documentation. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation, and concluding with the validity test of data using triangulation of sources and techniques. The results showed that: 1) zoning system policy implementation fulfills six Van Meter and Van Horn variables such as a) zoning system standards and policy objectives in DIY refer to the Disdikpora Regulations on Technical Guidelines for PPDB SMA / SMK Negeri, but not all people understand the contents of the regulation; b) sufficient resources are available with the PPDB committee and supporting infrastructure; c) communication between implementers went smoothly with the socialization as well as WhatsApp and line groups; d) the characteristics of the zoning system in DIY are not purely using zones but rather using the UNBK result values sorted by ranking; e) the disposition of implementors shows that they support the existence of a zoning system but needs to be improved in the system; f) economic conditions in the environment of SMA Negeri 1 Yogyakarta, the average parent of students working as an entrepreneur while in SMA Negeri 1 Bake, the average livelihood of parents as farmers or laborers. 2) Positive impacts of zoning system implementation are equitable student input and increased motivation to learn in favorite schools, while negative impacts can affect the social environment of students and social jealousy.Keywords: Zoning System, Favorite School, Social EnvironmentAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan implementasi kebijakan sistem zonasi PPDB sebagai upaya pemerataan akses pendidikan di DIY dan dampak implementasi kebijakan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif jenis deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Yogyakarta dan SMA Negeri 1 Panggang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dengan uji keabsahan data menggunakan trianggulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) implementasi kebijakan sistem zonasi memenuhi enam variabel Van Meter dan Van Horn seperti: a) standar dan tujuan kebijakan sistem zonasi di DIY mengacu pada Peraturan Disdikpora tentang Juknis PPDB SMA/SMK Negeri, namun tidak semua masyarakat memehami isi dari peraturan tersebut; b) sumber daya yang sudah tercukupi dengan adanya panitia PPDB serta sarana prasarana yang mendukung; c) komunikasi antarpelaksana berjalan lancar dengan adanya sosialisasi serta grup whatsapp dan line; d) karakteristik sistem zonasi di DIY tidak murni menggunakan zona melainkan menggunakan nilai hasil UNBK yang diurutkan menggunakan ranking; e) disposisi implementor menunjukkan bahwa mereka mendukung adanya sistem zonasi namun perlu ada yang diperbaiki dalam sistemnya; f) kondisi ekonomi di lingkungan SMA Negeri 1 Yogyakarta rata-rata orang tua peserta didik bekerja sebagai wirausaha sedangkan di SMA Negeri 1 Panggang rata-rata mata pencaharian orang tua sebagai petani atau buruh. 2) Dampak positif implementasi sistem zonasi yaitu input peserta didik yang merata dan meningkatnya motivasi belajar di sekolah favorit, sedangkan dampak negatif dapat berpengaruh terhadap lingkungan sosial peserta didik dan kecemburuan sosial.Kata Kunci: Sistem Zonasi, Sekolah Favorit, Lingkungan Sosial