bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence Imaging System Using High Power LED to Generate Oral Auto-fluoerscence of Sprague dawley Rat
Authors: Sa’adah Lailis , Rakhmadi Frida Agung , Widyaningrum Rini
Published: April 2021

It is difficult to distinguish oral cancer and normal oral mucosa in clinical examination. Hence, it is important to develop a diagnostic tool to aid clinical practitioners to examine and diagnose abnormalities in oral cavity. One of methods applied for this purpose was based on tissue auto-fluorescence. The purpose of this study was to develop a fluorescence imaging (FI) system using High Power LED (HPL) as excitation source. There were 3 HPL with different wavelengths used in this study, i.e. 385, 420, and 455 nm. The system was aimed to generate as well as to detect the auto-fluorescence effect of oral cavity in Sprague dawley rats. This study was done in 6 steps, i.e. development of FI system, early test of FI system using coconut oil, palm oil, olive oil, eucalyptus oil, and pure water as samples, followed by finishing of the system, image acquisition of oral cavity auto-fluorescence from 3 samples of Sprague dawley rats, and the last step was data analysis to determine the best wavelength of HPL for FI system developed in this study. Auto-fluorescence images were obtained by exposing samples by using HPL, then auto-fluorescence effect emitted by samples were captured using Canon EOS D600 camera. Auto-fluorescence intensity from images were analyzed using MATLAB R2008a. Results of this study showed that the best HPL wavelength used for the FI system was 385 nm that was captured with filter in the camera. The auto-fluorscence image produced by using HPL 385nm was showed the lowest intensities.
Usability Analysis of Pornography Detection System on Internet Users using Mc’Calls Method
Authors: Sugiantoro Bambang
Published: April 2021

At this time there are several tools used to prevent a pornography, the most common one is nawala project that use filtering method in DNS, based on Keyword and Image. This method has a weakness, because it could be wrong, when a researcher or lecturer of science and technology need the information about “sex”, the keyword automatically can't be access. Even at this time the maker of pornography sites already so intelligent, they give the sites name which is doesn't have any correlation with pornography. Based on that reason, we proposed a Software quality testing with subject, usability analysis of pornography detection system on internet users using quality factor of Mc Call’s which combine the operability and training matrix as a means to determining the quality of software.
Generative Learning Model to Improve Science Literacy Competence on 10th Grade Students of Sciences Wahid Hasyim Senior High School on Temperature and Heat Topic
Authors: Azizatuzzahro’ Azizatuzzahro’ , Kartika Ika
Published: April 2021

This research was aimed to determine the effect of generative learning models on the competence of science literacy and to know the difference in the side of improvement of students' science literacy competence compared with control class on temperature and heat focus lesson. This educational research was a quasi-experiment research with Nonequivalent control group design. The independent variable of this research was generative learning model and the dependent variable was students’ science literacy competence. This research was conducted in of one school in Sleman through saturated sampling technique. The experiment class is 10th grade students of 1st class and the control class is 10th grade students of second class. We used pretest and posttest as data collection instruments. The data analysis used descriptive statistic with measure of central tendency and size of dispersion include Normalized Gain and effect size. The result of this research showed that there was an effect of generative learning model in case of students’ science literacy competence on temperature and heat focus lesson with average 38,00 for pretest and 79,20 for posttest. There was also improvement on students’ science literacy competence with moderate improvement category, which was indicated by N-Gain value of experimental class 0.66. The control class which was treated with direct instruction model was also increased with N-Gain value of 0.48 or included in the moderate category also. The improvement of the experimental class has a very significant difference with the control class indicated by the effect size value of 1.028.
Android Application for Plants Identification Using Determination Key
Authors: Rifai Muhammad Arif
Published: April 2021

This research aimed at producing application for plant identification using the Android-based determination key and determine the quality of the product application to use as a high school learning support. The study consisted of a preliminary study to identify and capture images of plants from 16 genera of 9 families pteridophyta and 206 genera of 82 families on Spermatophyta. The final result of the product in the form of master Android application with the extension * .APK. Aplikasi rated by one taxonomic expert, one media expert, one information technology expert, 5 peer reviewers, two biology teachers, and tested to 15 students of class X SMA. Overall assessment of the Android application identification of plants shows the percentage of 82.09% votes were included in the excellent qualifications, while the response of students get a percentage rating of 79.82% with good qualifications.
Developing Puzzles Laboratory Safety Symbols for Laboratory Introduction
Authors: Zamhari Muhammad , Setiawati Estriana Murni
Published: April 2021

This work describes a study of puzzles development of laboratory safety symbols for laboratory introduction. The puzzles were purposed as a learning media for students prior to work in chemistry and science laboratory. The puzzles consisted of two different standard systems, Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 704. For instructional development, the media was developed using four-D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). This work was in develop stage and the media was qualitatively tested in State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia and non-university student visited to laboratory in Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand by quiz-team method.
The Development of Momen of Inertia Props Based On Arduino Uno for Second Year of Senior High School Student
Authors: Sukindar Sukindar , Kartika Ika , Untoro Nur
Published: April 2021

Momen of inertia concept is difficult subject to teach. Many teachers still teach momen of inertia concept by using lecture method. On the orther hands, students need a momen of inertia props. It encourages researcher to 1) develop momen of inertia props based on Arduino UNO 2) measure the momen of inertia props based on Arduino UNO quality 3) study the students responses and Arduino UNO-based momen of inertia props enforceability. This research is Research and Development by Borg and Gall model that consists of seven steps, namely 1) Research and information collecting 2) Planning 3)  Develop preliminary form of product 4)  Preliminary field testing 5)  Main product revision 6)  Main field testing 7) Operational product revision. This research is using questionnaires and observation techniques in data collection process with instruments such as assessment sheets, response sheets, and observation sheet. The data were analyzed by finding the average score and compared with classification table. The research results is 1) researcher successfully developed moment of inertia props based on Arduino UNO with Student Worksheet and Teachers Guide 2) Quality of Arduino UNO-based moment of inertia props were set into Very Good category by material experts assessment, media experts assessment, and teachers assessment with average score of 3.38; 3,69; and 3.58 3) student response of the Arduino-based momen of inertia props is set into Agree category with average score of 0.97 and enforceability shows that the props can be used in momen of inertia concept learning in second year grade of Senior High School.
Food Analysis Labwork Guide as A Learning Media
Authors: Sulistiyawati Sulistiyawati , Cahya Adi
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to produce practical guide labwork using a project-based learning models to know the quality of products and to produce practical guide that can be used as a learning media. The study consisted of a preliminary study in the form of carbohydrat tests such as: iodine test, seliwanoff's test and moore test. Lipid solubility test within alcohol, ether and chloroform. Protein tests: biuret test, test and xanthoprotein ninhydrin test. Vitamin C tests: benedict test and iodine test. The results of the research were developed into a practical guide with coreldraw x6 software applications and Microsoft Word 2010 through the stages of data entry into the software developer, the preparation of layout and provision of the activity in laboratory. The final result of the product was a user-based food testing laboratory project. The product guide assess by a subject expert, a media expert, a biology teacher, 5 peer reviewers, while experts responded that module classified into "very good" with a percentage of 85.80%. The assessment from 20 students of class XI and XII High School get a percentage rating of 78.60% with good quality.
Classification of Indramayu’s Mangoes Based on Shape Features Using Neural Network and Rule Based Programming
Authors: Sumarudin Sumarudin , Iryanto Iryanto , Ismantohadi Eka
Published: April 2021

Object classification using image processing simplifies the process. Many approaches have been used to classify the object. In general, classification of mangoes uses image of leaves. In this research, we do a slightly different approach using image of mango itself. Here, two kinds of method are used to classify the object.  Implementations of deep learning using neural network and rule based programming are used in the process. Comparative study of the methods are presented in the article. Our result show that accuracy of deep learning approach is better than the rule based programming. The accuracy is 80% and 8% for neural network and rule based programming, respectively.
Applied Biomechanics: Prosthetic and Orthopaedics
Authors: Wiechert Bernd Udo
Published: April 2021

Biomechanics is closely related to engineering, because it often uses traditional engineering sciences to analyze biological systems. Some simple applications of Newtonian mechanics and/or materials sciences can supply correct approximations to the mechanics of many biological systems. Applied mechanics, most notably mechanical engineering disciplines such as continuum mechanics, mechanism analysis, structural analysis, kinematics and dynamics play prominent roles in the study of biomechanics. Usually biological systems are much more complex than man-built systems. Numerical methods are hence applied in almost every biomechanical study. Research is done in an iterative process of hypothesis and verification, including several steps of modeling, computer simulation and experimental measurements. Prosthetics and orthotics are clinical disciplines that deal with artificial limbs (prostheses) for people with amputations and supportive devices (orthoses) for people with musculoskeletal weakness or neurological disorders and some disability person. The development of prosthetics and orthotics disciplines is depend on development of science and engineering. The understanding of this multidiscipline field is important the advancement in this field. In this session i will overview the current development in prosthetics and orthotics field, expl ain a brief survey on its method, and discuss perspective for future trend and development.
Supply Chain Design for Global Competitiveness
Authors: Jie Ferry
Published: April 2021

A supply chain consists of the flow of products and services from raw materials manufacturers, component and intermediate manufacturers, final product manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers. All are connected by transportation, storage activities, and integrated through information, planning, and integration activities. Many large firms are moving away from in-house Vertically Integrated structures to Supply Chain Management. Supply Chain are the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing and procurement, conversion, and all logistics management activities. It also includes coordination with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, third party service providers, and customers. Supply chain management is the design of seamless value added processes across organization boundaries to meet the real needs of the end customer. Failure to proactively design a SC results in poor coordination of effort, incompatible information systems, long cycle times, communication problems, customer service issues, excessive waste and environmental degradation, relatively high inventories for the level of customer service achieved, and lower the optimal profit. A process map is a graphic representation of the system and contains a sequence of steps that are performed to produce some desired output. The primary goal behind process mapping is to make complex systems visible. The logistics/supply chain design and technology decision is of great strategic importance to logistics, the firm as a whole, and the supply chain. A number of factors may suggest the need to design the logistics/supply chain. A formal, structured process for design and digital tools is preferable; the potential impacts on cost and service justify a significant effort toward following a sound process. Numerous factors including technology may affect the design of a logistics and supply chain and the location of specific facilities within the context of the network.
The Effect of STAD Type Learning Model on the Results of Learning in Term of Critical Thinking Skills of Vocational School Students
Authors: Fuad Lutfiana Sa'adatul , Anggreini Dewi
Published: April 2021

This study aims to look at the effect of learning model STAD type on learning outcomes in terms of the ability to think critically. The research was conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Kras with X-class population is much 272 students and samples were taken by purposive sampling. Collecting data using the test method. Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA test. The conclusion of this study:(1) There are significant differences mathematics influence learning outcomes among students who take STAD learning model with conventional learning models, (2)There are significant differences influence the ability of critical thinking among students who take STAD learning model with conventional learning model,(3) There are significant differences influence interaction between STAD learning model with conventional learning models in terms of the ability to think critically about mathematics learning outcomes.
The Modeling of Funicular Structure Stability of Cordoba Mosque in Spain
Authors: Sedayu Agung
Published: April 2021

The Cordoba Mosque Spain is proof of the glory of Islam in the field of architecture and building construction. This mosque is supported by thousands of funicular that support reliable structural stability and construction. The arrangement of natural stone that complements the arch with a simple system that can make this mosque survive until now. This research is to find out the funicular structure of the Spanish Cordoba Mosque. The method is a structural modeling assisted by SAP 2000 non linear structure analysis program. The results showed that the weight of the stone that formed the curve made it work in place. Beside that, the level of stone curvature durability has supported the durability of the building structure material. Configuration and funicular dimensions also support the rigidity against horizontal, vertical and moment loads. Funiculars with each other connect and encourage building effects produce prestress in the all mosque building.
Investment Value Tauhid on Primary Student Through Realistic Mathematics Education Based on Indigenous System
Authors: Wihaskoro Ahmad Mabruri , Komalasari Mahilda Dea
Published: April 2021

The learning process in primary school is an effective foundation of education in the investment of tauhidism values. Tauhid is the Islamic foundation of individuals. An individual who is strong in tauhidism will get the salvation of the world and the hereafter. The characteristics of the people who have tauhid are (1) faith and fear of Allah, and knowledgeable; (2) responsible; and (3) noble character. The effort to the investment the value of tauhidism should not only be taught in the subjects of Islam but also must be integratedinterconnected with other subject matter in general, including in mathematics subjects. One approach to investing the value of tauhidism in mathematics subjects is realistic mathematics education based on indigenous system. Realistic mathematics education based on indigenous system is a teaching and learning approach that is able to accommodate various concepts of tauhidism to be taught to primary students through discussion of problems based on the reality of local wisdom where the student lives. The preparation of this paper aims to review the literature in the application of realistic mathematics education based on indigenous system that can be used as a model to investing tauhid values in primary school students. The scope of this paper, i.e. : (1) the concept of realistic mathematics education based on indigenous system shapes students' self-awareness of the values of tauhidism; and (2) students are able to invest their tauhid values not only in classroom learning but also in students' daily lives.
The Influence of Remembrance on Sobriety Modern Society at Café Rumi
Authors: Zaranggi Ahmed
Published: April 2021

The spiritual crisis is so much engulfed by the urban community with its materialistic life, this leads to a vacuum of heart and leads to serious stress and turmoil. This turmoil mobilized everyone to overcome it, including Café Rumi worshipers. A spiritual café that offers spiritual needs that are being sought by the urban community. Through the application of routine zikir rituals, it can be a solution to this problem This study aims to find out whether the typical ritual remembrance activities at Café Rumi can have a significant impact and influence on the sobriety of the pilgrims who regularly attend zikir activities that are there. This study uses qualitative methods with descriptive analysis approach through direct observation, in-depth interviews and documentation process. After that, it is done with the data analysis process, compared, described later until the final conclusions are obtained. The target of being a researcher is the Cafe Rumi congregation, most of whom are city residents. This study yields conclusions in the form of the meaning of remembrance in Café Rumi is not merely a ritual but rather a zikir in an act of sharing with others. And from the reading side there is a modification of the addition and subtraction of the number of zikir. Zikir activities are carried out in three forms, namely spiritual meditation with zikir together led by kiyai, culture through sholawatan and Sufi dances accompanied by hadrah music, and social activities in the form of sharing food to people in need at a crossroads. The ritual of the typical Sufi ritual of remembrance is also able to increase the sobriety for worshipers at Café Rumi.
Developing of Performance Testing Scheme for Decentralized Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant in Indonesia
Authors: Darwati Sri , Hastuti Elis
Published: April 2021

Most of the urban and rural areas in Indonesia still use individual scale of decentralized on-site domestic wastewater treatment such as pit latrines and septic tank. For some building and small community using communal scale of wastewater treatment plant such as fabricated biofilter tank, UASB (up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket), Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) and wetland. Many application of the decentralized Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) have low performance and the effluent does not meet standard effluent. To ensure the compliance to the regulation, it is necessary to develop the performance testing scheme for decentralized domestic wastewater treatment plant. The objective of the study is to review performance testing scheme in Indonesia, include the legal aspects, existing performance testing procedure for inspection and certification. The target is to develop performance testing schemes consists of testing standard and institutions scheme. The methodology of research are primary and secondary data collection done through field observation and discussion in stakeholder meeting with stakeholder related. The data analysis of this study are comparative study of certification system of decentralized WWTP in Japan, Thailand and Indonesia, descriptive analysis of performance testing method and the role of stakeholders. In conclusion Indonesia has not have regulation regarding certification schemes for decentralized WWTP. The certification schemes is needed to guarantee the WWTP product compliance with the performance standard and effluent standard. The developing decentralized WWTP need the regulation regarding testing body, the provision of performance testing standard, competent testing body, equipment and human resources.
The Development of Concept Map-Based Biology Module on Animalia Invertebrate Subject Matter for 11th Grade Students
Authors: Amalina Khilma Novia , Savitri Dian , Safitri Annisa
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this research is to produce Concept Map-Based Biology Module and to know the quality of this module as a teaching material for 11th Grade Students. This research developed by Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model. Instrument that used is checklist Questionaire. The result of Concept Map-Based Biology Module quality by a media expert, a material expert, five peer reviewer, a biology teacher is very good with presentation 86,56 %. The quality of this module is rated by fifteen 11th Grade Students of IT Abu Bakar High School too and the result is very good with presentation 83,18 %. So, Concept MapBased Biology Module on animalia invertebrate subject matter has very good quality overall and fit as a teaching material 11th Grade Students.
Design of Online Animal Histology Atlas as a Learning Source
Authors: Khasanah Laela Umi , Pratiwi Millati , Zahroh Risti
Published: April 2021

This study aims to (1) determine the structure of histology of various organ systems, (2) develop online animal histology atlas as a source of learning in high school/MA so as to facilitate students in studying animal tissue, (3) determine the quality of learning resources in the form of online animal histology atlas so worthy of being used as a learning resource for high school biology. Online animal histology atlas is made in several stages. First, photographing histology preparations at the Integrated Laboratory of UIN Sunan Kalijaga, UGM Animal Structure & Development Laboratory, and the Biology Laboratory of Kasihan State High School. Of the three laboratories, histology preparations were obtained from six organ systems, namely the nervous system, cardiovascular system,integumentary system, digestive system, respiratory system, and male and female reproductive systems. Second, design an online animal histology atlas website with HTML 5, CSS 3 and JavaScript programming languages, as well as with the help of Bootstrap framework, resulting in an online animal histology web atlas that has a responsive and attractive appearance. Online Atlas of Animal Histology was then tested on material experts, media experts, peer reviewers, biology teachers and students of MAN 3 Bantul. The results of online animal histology atlas quality assessment by material experts received a score of 90.7% with very good quality, 91.4% of media experts with very good quality, 90.47% peer reviewers with very good quality, biology teacher 87.43% with very good quality, and 84.7% students with very good quality. Thus, the quality of the online atlas entitled "Atlas of Animal Histology" with the address atlashistologi.com as a whole is very good quality and suitable for use as a learning resource.
Developing Pocket Book of Laboratory Safety for Students in SMA Negeri 1 Taman
Authors: Safitri Lailis
Published: April 2021

This works describes a study of developing pocket book of laboratory safety in SMA Negeri 1 Taman. Developing of the pocket book is to increase the awareness of laboratory users (students and teachers) and minimize the work accidents in the laboratory. Based on the observation of the researchers only 38.2% of users in the laboratory have awareness of laboratory safety. The Pocket book was developed using 4-D model that modified to 3-D. The result of the validity is 80,0% which indicates that the pocket book deserves to be used. And the students responses is 87,5% which shows that the students are very enthusiastic.
Increased Ability to Face Disaster Threats for Children with Special Needs in Inclusion Elementary Schools at Yogyakarta City
Authors: Komalasari Mahilda Dea
Published: April 2021

The potential for many disasters in the city of Yogyakarta needs to be addressed with a training to improve the ability to face disaster threats, especially for children with special needs. This training aims to increased ability to face disaster threats for children with special needs in inclusion elementary schools at Yogyakarta City. The capacity building training to face the threat of disaster was carried out by lecture, question and answer, and demonstration methods. This training took place at SDN Karanganyar and SDN Minggiran. Both of these elementary schools are inclusion in the city of Yogyakarta. Based on observations at SDN Karanganyar and SDN Minggiran, it is necessary to conduct training to improve the ability to face disaster threats to improve the ability to face disaster threats because there were students with special needs who did not understand how to protect and save themselves in the event of a disaster. Therefore, Thegoals of this community partnership program are teacher and students with special needs in SDN Karanganyar and SDN Minggiran, and implemented from February 2018 to October 2018. Through training to improve the ability to face disaster threats, it is expected to improve the ability of students with special needs in facing disaster threats.
Arouse the Creativity of a Generation of Millenial Doctrines with the Media Learning Physics and Innovative Eco-Friendly
Authors: Nurhidayati Nurhidayati , Fauzia Syifa , Maknun Al Lu’lu Ul
Published: April 2021

Learning media is an auxiliary tool effectively which can be used by teachers to achieve the desired goals. Learning media usage in the process of teaching and learning can evoke desire and renewed interest, evoking motivation and stimulation of learning activities, even bringing the influences of Psychology against the students. Learning Media research already done by observing the learning achievements before and after using the media. On the research of Alamsyah Noerseelha with the title of "research learning media use power point" in SMK N 1 learning achievements acquired Sumedang of 68.57 before using media and 80.00 after using media. With the name and title of the same study at Junior High School N 1 Cimanggung obtained amounted to 61.90 before using media and80.95 after using media. and in Junior High School N 1 Pamulihan of 67.74 before using media and 83.33 after using media. The main factors that can enhance the learning achievements and arouse the creativity of learners, namely the media and education. While the hallmark of a generation of millennial doctrines which tend to be deeply affected by the technology make it quickly bored with the monotonous thing. To address the authors offer solutions in the form of ideas where teachers use the media learning and learners practice to create a new media that he apply the learning of physics that they already get in College. Because of a growing country is the question "want to be tomorrow what?" while the question of an advanced country that "tomorrow would like for what?". The aim to arouse the creativity of a generation of millennial doctrines created new things by making it interested in the learning media that already exists.
The Significance of Intellectual in Improving the Existence of the Religious Communities Ibn Sina Perspective
Authors: Khair Nurul
Published: April 2021

This paper is a review of Ibn Sina's literature on the significance of reason in increasing religious knowledge. Ibn Sina shared knowledge, hudhuri and husuli. The knowledge of hudhuri is necessary or self-knowledge, so that the truth cannot be doubted. Conversely, knowledge of husuli is non-necessary knowledge which requires argumentation by building prescriptions to justify the information obtained in reality. Ibn Sina studied husuli as a serious discussant in his epistemology study. Perception of the reason is the main basis for justifying information obtained through objects of knowledge, especially religion. Religion contains mystical values that cannot be easily understood through sensory persepsies. Reason is a justification that guides humans to find conclusions that can be objectively justified. However, it is known that the phenomenon of religious communities, especially millennial communities - understanding religious values is not based on reason, but rather perceptual power that implies the existence of shahwati and ghodobiyah encouragement, resulting in a radical paradigm in the existence of religious communities. The purpose of this paper is to know the significance of reason for human life and to respond to the fallacy in understanding religious values. The results of this study are knowing the significance of reason in increasing the knowledge and existence of religious communities to understand religious values. The implication is that it forms an anti-radical paradigm and is objective towards religious values.
Evaluation of Drinking Water Needs in Wae Decer, Manggarai Regency, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province
Authors: Setyowati Rr Diah Nugraheni , Junaidi Rahmad , Suriani Efa
Published: April 2021

Drinking water is a basic need for humans. The provision of drinking water throughout Indonesia is an obligation that has been stated in UUD 45. Based on the Bappenas study with the Ministry of Public Works, universal access to drinking water is targeted to reach 84,8% nationally. Then, this universal access must increase to 92,2% in 2018. In the end, access to drinking water for the community in 2019 is 100%. Based on this description, every region in Indonesia must have universal access to proper drinking water. Manggarai Regency is one of the districts that will alleviate the problem of universal access to drinking water. Existing water sources in Manggarai Regency are in various locations of hills and mountains. This water source is a source of water that can be used as a source of drinking water. Based on the study of SPAM Master Plan, residents of Manggarai Regency who have had access to adequate drinking water are 57.61%. The percentage value is still below the threshold of decent MDGs in 2015 which is 68%. Considering that the target of fulfilling universal access to drinking water in 2019 is 100%, it is necessary to have a major breakthrough in drinking water supply in Manggarai Regency. One way that needs to be done is to evaluate the drinking water needs. Based on the results of a field survey, Manggarai District has the potential of drinking water sources of 150 Lps, water has been utilized by 30 Lps and the services to be developed are 40 Lps. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive method. The results of the analysis obtained from the study on the evaluation of drinking water needs are long-term drinking water needs in 8 (eight villages), the capacity of clean water from Wae Decer water spring cannot supply drinking water by 2029. In 2028, the remaining clean water capacity from MA. Wae Decer only has 0.16 liters per second. If Wae Decer SPAM wants to be extended to 2037 according to long-term planning, then in 2018 the required supply capacity is 48,15 liters per second. The difference of 8,15 liters per second can be taken from Wae Decer which still has the remaining idle capacity of 77 liters per second in 2037. This capacity can be used for the development of drinking water reaching other villages that intersect with the DED Wae Decer system and or added from source of springs adjacent to Wae Decer clean water network.
Designing Household Scale Water Filtering with Two Tubes
Authors: Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Yudiansyah Miftahudin , Khasanah Rizky Anggit Maya Olif Fatul
Published: April 2021

The basic concept of water treatment by filtering is to separate solids or colloids from water using a filter. In the screening process there are two types, namely physics and biology. The particles in the turbid water will be physically retained by the sand layer in the filter. On the other hand, pathogenic bacteria that are retained by the filter will be destroyed by the filter installed. The design process in this paper is a simple process that can be assembled by a small family and the price is quite cheap.
Integration of Selected Herbal Medicine into the Mainstream Healthcare: the Role of Academician in the Translational Research
Authors: Noor Mahanem Mat
Published: April 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by the inability to produce insulin or insulin resistance that resultin g an abnormal high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia). Diabetes mellitus often associated with health complications.  At least 90% of diabetic males are having infertility and libido problems. Synthetic drugs are commonly used in the conventional medication to reduce the blood glucose level. However, these drugs are not able to treat male reproductive health complications due to DM. There are various toxicity effects of these drugs on the liver and the kidney. Therefore a new alternative medication is urgently needed that c an treat not only diabetes, but also synergistically overcome male fertility and libido problems. Several medicinal herbs were identified and characterised as potential herbs as antidiabetic agent as well as male fertility enhancer. Studies on the selected herbs such as Gynura procumbens (GP), Moringae oleifera (MO) and Ficus carica (FC) extracts have shown the potential to treat fertility and libido problems among  diabetes-induced  male  rats.  Biological guided  assays  and  the  sperm proteomic  analysis  reveals  the  specific  sperm  factors deficiency and the role of herbal extract in ameliorating infertility due to diabetic complication.
False Hope and Empty Promises from a Priest-King in the East: How Environment and Communication Shape Belief
Authors: Baeta Joaquim
Published: April 2021

As the 12th century entered its midpoint, unease permeated through Christendom. In 1144, the County of Edessa had fallen to Zengi, the atabeg of Mosul and Aleppo, signalling that all was not well in the Holy Land. News of the fall of Edessa quickly travelled westward, with the Catholic Pope, Eugenius III, issuing a papal bull calling for a Second Crusade in December of the next yea r. Nevertheless, for the Edessa’s fellow Crusader states, the restlessness of being surrounded by the Islamic had turned to alarm. Help was gravely needed. Then came word of aid from an unlikely place: the East itself. Rumours had swirled of a Christian monarch in the East, but actual proof of his existence was scant, based mainly on fantastical tales of the Orient. That changed in December of 1145, with a conversation between Bishops Otto of Freising and Hugh of Jabala. Hugh told Otto of a Nestorian Christian priest-king “beyond Persia and Armenia”, who had “warred upon the so-­called Samiards, the brother kings of the Medes and Persians.” More critically, Hugh reported that this priest-king had “moved his army to aid the church of Jerusalem” but was unable to cross the Tigris and returned home. Such was the legend of Prester John, the ruler of an eastern Christian kingdom that offered hope and little else to a Christian West that would steadily lose its grip on the Holy Land. Why did Prester John never come to the aid of the Crusader states? The story o f this priest- king, his supposed interactions with western Christendom and ultimate failure to deliver on his promises, reveals how the environmen t we inhabit and the methods we use to communicate shape our beliefs and values, and that as our environments and communication methods change, so do these beliefs and values.
Anatomical Study of Caudal Vertebrae of Estuary Crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), Chameleon (Bronchocela jubata) and Klarap (Draco volans)
Authors: Rosel Aidha , Sari Safitri Anggita Tunjung , Hasanah Umi Uswatun
Published: April 2021

Reptile tails have a unique function as self defense, autotomy, and maintaining balance while in nature. There are several species that do not have an autotomy function, these species include Estuary Crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), Java Chameleon (Bronchocela jubata), and Klarap (Draco volans). The species is a reptile class that uses its tail with different functions. Differences in function in the tail can be caused by differences in anatomical structure, morphology, and behavioral adaptations that are owned by each species. With the differences in each species, this study aims to get a comparative picture of the caudal vertebrae (coccyx) anatomy of species of estuary crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), java chameleon (Bronchocela jubata), and klarap (Draco volans) so that anatomical comparison can be seen in each species that affects the difference in tail function. The method used in this study is morphological observation with boiled method, X-Ray method, and Alizarin Red's and Alcian Blue staining methods. Research that has been conducted shows that the anatomical structure of caudal vertebrae (coccyx) in estuary crocodile species has a larger bone structure than the bone structure of java chameleon and klarap. The anatomical structure of caudal vertebrae (coccyx) in klarap has a smaller bone structure than estuary crocodile and java chameleon. The anatomical structure of caudal vertebrae (coccyx) in java chameleon species has a longer bone structure than its body length. Caudal vertebrae of these three species do not have tail fracture fields.
ThIAS (Thief Indication Alarm System) Security Device of Livestock in Animal Cages Based on Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and Microcontroller Arduino
Authors: Rahmadi Aji , Dimisa Adi Ahmad , Kurniawan Asep , Rakhmadi Frida Agung
Published: April 2021

Research on Thias (Thief Alarm Indication System) safety device of livestock in animal cages based on the Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and the Arduino microcontroller has been done. This research aims to design and characterize an alarm system or test the success rate of the alarm system. This study can be used as an alarm when livestock theft is occurring. The method used in this research is divided into three stages, design, manufacture and testing. The working principle of this alarm system, when the laser beams hitch the LDR, then the high value of the resulting LDR then produces an alarm notification in the form of sound. The hitch here is a thief entering or exiting the cage. To control the performance of the alarm system use the Arduino microcontroller. Obtained results from this research is a prototype alarm system. From testing, this alarm system obtained a success rate of 100%. The advantages of this alarm system are cheap and simple.
Mechanical and Optical Properties of Thin Film Titanium Nitride (TiN) Resulting from Deposition DC Sputtering
Authors: Setyanjana Andre Yoan , Melati Asih , Aziz Ihwanul
Published: April 2021

Titanium nitride (TiN) thin film was successfully grown on the surface of stainless steel 304 (SS 304) and preparate glass using the direct current sputtering method. The fabrication was done at high voltage 2.5 kV, sputtering current 40 mA, and deposition time 1 hour. The characterization was carried out using a Micro Hardness Tester and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Based on mechanical properties, the hardness results of deposition on SS 304 obtained vickers hardness value of 153.59 HVN and thin film thickness was preparate glass 172.61 nm. Whereas optical properties, from testing the transmittance of thin films TiN measured at a wavelength range of 300 nm - 800 nm, the thin film TiN optical gap energy is 3.51 eV.
Macro and Microanatomical Structures of Lizard’s Regenerate Tail (Mabouya multifasciata Kuhl, 1820)
Authors: Ardiana Ardiana , Luthfi Muhammad Ja’far , Soesilo Nyoman Puniawati , Nisa Laila Ainun , Widyaningsih Risti
Published: April 2021

Lizards are animals that can do autotomy. Research on the autotomy of lizard’s tail has been carried out, but few have examined about axial skeletons that focus on vertebrae caudales or arranged muscles. That is the background of this research. This research is expected to be a database for further research and as a comparison between animals that can perform other autotomies. This research intend to determine the macro and micro structures of the anatomical axial skeleton lizard’s regenerate tail and to know the micro structures of anatomy muscular segmentation lizard’s regenerate tail. The used methods are X-Ray, Alizarin Red S and Alcian Blue, Paraffin method with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Mallory Triple Strain staining. The result showed that the lizard's regenerate tail was darker than the original. On observations using X-Ray and Alizarin staining showed that the original tail is seen broad and have a Processus. The original lizard's tail is composed of bones, because it is red which shows perfectly calcified bones. While the regenerate of the lizard's tail is composed of bones in the form of long pipes which are red-colored because they have calcified from outside. Muscular segmentation of the original lizard's tail when viewed transversely has irregular segments. While the lizard's regenerate tail has 15 muscle segments. Muscles are composed of a collection of myotubes that become myotomes, each of myotomes confined by the myoseptum.
Anatomical and Histological Structure of Reproductive Organs in Male Flying Squirrel Hylopetes Lepidus (Horsfield, 1822)
Authors: Nirvana Shanghnesy Jovita , Luthfi Muhammad Ja’far , Ekasari Erna , Maghfiroh Lailatul
Published: April 2021

Flying squirrel (Hylopetes lepidus) is an Eutherial mamal (placental mammal), belong to the order Rodentia and belong to the family Sciuridae. Hylopetes lepidus had gray cheek as its unique characteristics. The reproductive organs are the key to success in maintaining the new descendants. Male reproductive organs will produce the male sex cells or spermatozoa. The purpose of the research is to examine the anatomical structure, morphometry, histomorphometry, and histological structure of male reproductive organs (penis, testicle, vas deferens, bulbouretralis gland, prostate and seminal vesicles) of Hylopetes lepidus. The method used in examining histological characteristics is Hematoxyin–Eosin staining method. The histological structure of reproductive organs were observed using optilab microscope. The results of the study showed that the adult male flying squirrel weighed 104.28 ± 0.64 gram. Anatomically, it has oval white reddist testicle. The testicle is located side out of the body cavity in the scrotum. Morphometric observation testicular showed that the right testes has volume 0.35 ± 0.07 ml, and the left has volume 0.35 ± 0.07 ml, weight of the right testicular 0.19   ± 0.01 gram, weight of the left testicular 0.18 ± 0.01 gram, diameter of the right testicular 6.35 ± 0.21 mm, diameter of the left testicular 6.35 0.21 mm, short diameter of the right testicular 3.45 ± 0.21 mm, and short diameter of the left testicular 3.45 ± 0.21 mm. The diameter of tubulus seminiferus 261,4 ± 0.14 μm. The conclusion of this study compared to rodentia other testicular Hylopetes lepidus has a unique testicular bound by the connective tissue in the scrotum so that testicular included in class permanent descending testicular. The rhombus of the prostate gland are blunt, while histologically the sertoli cells in the seminiferus tubule shaped elongated, while in morphometry penis Hylopetes lepidus relatively longer than Mus musculus.
Comparative Anatomy and Histology of Digestive Organs of Fruit-Eating Bats (Pteropus Vampyrus Linnaeus, 1758) and Insect-Eating Bats (Rhinolopus pusillus Temminck, 1834)
Authors: Yani Desi Arsita , Yuliyantika Wanda Nurma
Published: April 2021

Animal Bat consists of Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera. The difference between the two bats lies in the type and behavior of eating. Megachiroptera is a fruit-eating bat, while Microchiroptera is an insect-eating bat. This study aims to compare the digestive organ of fruit-eating bats (Pteropus vampyrus) and insect-eating bats (Rhinolopus pusillus). This research was conducted by observing macroanatomy and microanatomy in the digestive organ of both bats. Macroanatomy observation is done by looking at the shape and curvature of the analysis through organ photo media. Microanatomy observation was done by making organ preparations with hematoxylin-eosin staining and observed using a microscope. The digestive organ of fruit-eating bats and insectivores consists of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum and rectum. Macroanatomically, fruit-eating bats and insectivores differ in size, where the fruit-eating bat's digestive organs are larger than insectivorous bats. Microanatomically, fruit-eating bats and insectivores have relatively similar histological structures, which differ only in the size of the cell.
The Diversity of Understory (Shrubs And Herbs) in Mount of Nglanggeran
Authors: Akbar Didik Zulfahmi , Widodo Widodo , Agustina Tanti
Published: April 2021

Mount of Nglanggeran is areas that have diversity of unique flora. This area is uninhabited, so many diversity flora that not identified and have not experienced exploration. Therefore, further exploration of plant diversity is needed. The research is aim to inventory, documentation, and find out the diversity of understory (shrubs and herbs) on Mount Nglanggeran. This  research used survey and exploration  methods. The researchers documented shrubs and herbs species. Based on result, found 44 family consist of 144 species shrubs and herbs. Those species are flora that has specifically characteristics.
Characteristics of Surface Tension on First Edible Oil and Frying the Mixed with Candles by Using Torsion Dynamometer
Authors: Windarti Dwi , Najib M. Faruq , Rakhmadi Frida Agung
Published: April 2021

Cooking oil pure with the content that has been determined according to the needs that require measurement data minimum and the measurement of the maximum permissibility of the oil it consumed, and the content contained in the oil should have a standard that had been determined by laboratory results that do not interfere with the system of the body when consumed. However, when the pure cooking oil that has been supplemented with other substances or other material that would change the sound into different standard. By way of meeting the data compare surface on pure cooking oil and cooking oil wax mixture. So with this study we can know the difference in surface tension characteristics with Torsion Dynamometer that the elections were not arbitrary and cooking oil consumed well and healthy.