bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of whales and dolphins in Pakistan with reference to fishers’ knowledge and impacts
Authors: Gore M. A. , Kiani M. S. , Ahmad E. , Hussain B. , Ormond R. F. , Siddiqui J. , Waqas U. , Culloch R.
Published: February 2023

This paper reports the findings of a project (Cetacean Conservation Pakistan) launched in 2004 with a view to: (a) undertaking quantitative surveys to determine the variety and abundance of species present; (b) working with local fisher communities to collate local knowledge and promote public awareness; and (c) promoting a marine cetacean conservation strategy and measures. Boat-based surveys for live animals and shore surveys for beachcast specimens have confirmed the presence of twelve species of whale and dolphin. Among these bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.) occur both inshore along the coasts of Sindh and Balochistan, and offshore in parts of Balochistan; these two populations possibly representing different sub-species. Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) are common inshore around the mouth of the Indus Delta and in large sheltered bays in Balochistan, where finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) also occur. Spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) were observed in very large schools (up to 2,000) around the shelf edge in eastern Balochistan, as were Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus) in smaller numbers. Common dolphins (Delphinus capensis) were recorded even further offshore. There were two sightings of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), and one of a killer whale (Orcinus orca). Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera edeni), sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and Cuvier’s beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris) were recorded only during beach surveys, while skeletal remains in institutions also supported the occurrence of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus). Work with local fisher communities supported this picture of species distribution and provided information on threats to local cetaceans. These are principally occasional entanglement in fishing gear and opportunistic exploitation for use as food, as bait, as medicine or for other purposes. The project incorporated policy development and the preparation of a marine cetacean biodiversity action plan that included the listing of species in provincial conservation legislation, the designation of a marine protected area in Balochistan, the establishment of a national whale and dolphin conservation society, and trials of whale and dolphin watching as a means of raising public awareness and providing alternative economic value.
Recent abundance of bowhead whales in Isabella Bay, Canada
Authors: Hansen R. G. , Heide-Jørgensen M. P. , Laidre K. L.
Published: February 2023

An aerial survey of the late-summer distribution of bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, in Isabella Bay, Nunavut, Canada, was conducted on 19 September 2009. A total of 28 sightings were obtained during 155km of survey effort and >90% of the sightings were detected by both platforms. Corrections were made for whales that were submerged during the passage of the survey plane, resulting in an abundance estimate of 1,105 bowhead whales (95% CI: 532–2,294). No cow-calf pairs were observed confirming earlier observations that east Baffin Island is primarily visited by subadult and adult whales.
A note on biological data from the hunt of bowhead whales in West Greenland 2009–2011
Authors: Heide-Jørgensen M. P. , Garde E. , Nielsen N. H. , Andersen O. N. , Hansen S. H.
Published: February 2023

One male and six female bowhead whales were taken for subsistence in Disko Bay, West Greenland, in April–May 2009–2011. All of these whales were sexually mature with body lengths exceeding 14m. One female was pregnant with a 3.87m foetus and three others presumably had small foetuses that were not detected in the field. Another female that showed no signs of recent pregnancy had a minimum of 7–8 corpora albicantia but no mature follicles. One 14.10m male with a 42kg testis was classified as sexually mature. Estimated ages of the whales were between 37 and 50 yrs. The observations on growth and reproduction were consistent with data on bowhead whales in Alaska. Four of the whales had recently been feeding as their stomachs contained calanoid copepods, especially Calanus hyperboreus.
Relatedness between samples quantified and an optimal criterion for match detection approximated
Authors: Gunnlaugsson Thorvaldur
Published: February 2023

Data on relatedness of individuals between or within samples can be used to address population parameters in much the same way as conventional mark-recapture data and has some advantages, but also opens up new research areas. In such studies not only decisions on the sample size have to be made but also the number of genetic markers to be worked up, or even developed, and during analysis the criteria for accepting a match chosen. The likelihood of detecting a true match must be assessed and weighed against the likelihood of including a false positive. To aid with this, formulae are presented here for the probability of the number of relatives alive over periods of time and a process to approach the optimal criterion for match detection. To apply the process programs were developed that are made available, and an example is given.
A note on a mother-foetus pair and alleged father match in the Atlantic fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) off Iceland
Authors: Pampoulie Christophe , Olafsdottir Gudbjorg , Hauksdottir Sigurbjorg , Skirnisdottir Sigurlaug , Olafsson Kristinn , Magnusdottir Steinunn , Chosson Valerie , Halldorsson Sverrir Daniel , Olafsdottir Droplaug , Gunnlaugsson Thorvaldur , Danielsdottir Anna K. , Vikingsson Gisli A.
Published: February 2023

The North Atlantic fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) undertakes long-distance annual migration between high-latitude summer feeding locations and low-latitude winter mating locations, like most of the baleen whales. By statistically comparing genotype profiles of mother-foetus pairs (n = 23) to that of the potential alleged father (n = 139) captured at the same feeding location in Iceland, we found a matching pairing of a mother-foetus captured in 2009 and a father captured in 2010. To our knowledge, the present study is the first one to detect a mother-foetus pair matching with an alleged father, caught at exactly the same feeding area one year later.
Long-term site fidelity and seasonal abundance estimates of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) along the southwest coast of Florida and responses to natural perturbations
Authors: Bassos-Hull Kim , Perrtree Robin M. , Shepard Christine C. , Schilling Stephanie , Barleycorn Aaron A. , Allen Jason B. , Balmer Brian C. , Pine William E. , Wells Randall S.
Published: February 2023

Information characterising site fidelity and abundance for common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) along the southwest coast of Florida is important for defining stock structure for management purposes. Long-term site fidelity and ranging patterns of bottlenose dolphins in Charlotte Harbor and Pine Island Sound, Florida were investigated using photo-ID data collected during 566 boat-based surveys from 1982 through 2007. Seasonal abundance estimates were generated from seven multi-week field seasons during 2001 through 2006, before and after a major hurricane and red tide event occurred in the area. In total, 1,154 distinctive dolphins were identified up to 34 times each with 84% of individuals resighted on more than one day. Multiple year residency rates were high with 81% of dolphins sighted in at least two years and 30% over ten or more years. Seventy-six percent of individuals with sightings on two or more days were observed in both summer and winter. Of 249 dolphins sighted on ten or more days in the study area, 83% were never observed outside the study area, indicating strong site-fidelity. Two years after a devastating Category 4 hurricane in 2004 and following two years of Karenia brevis harmful algal blooms, 94% of dolphins were observed in the same region within the study area and abundance estimates remained stable. Documenting range and site fidelity patterns of individuals over long periods of time is helpful for characterizing population structure and for examining changes attributable to environmental factors and perturbations such as hurricanes, harmful algal blooms and climate change.
Defining the appropriate ‘Unit-To-Conserve’ under the International Whaling Commission’s Revised Management Procedure
Authors: Martien K. K. , Gregovich D. P. , Punt A. E.
Published: February 2023

Identifying the appropriate ‘Unit to Conserve’ (UTC) is critical to the success of any management scheme. While the need to define the UTC appropriate to the IWC’s Catch Limit Algorithm (CLA) has long been recognised by its Scientific Committee, little progress has been made on this issue. The CLA was rigorously tested prior to its adoption. However, most of those original performance trials focused on single-population scenarios or two-population scenarios with no ongoing dispersal. None of the trials considered the performance of the CLA across a range of dispersal rates. In this study, the performance of the CLA under a variety of population structure scenarios is examined. This is the first study to investigate the levels of connectivity (i.e. dispersal rate) for which populations require separate management to meet the conservation goals of the CLA. All the trials consisted of two populations that were managed as a single stock for 100 years. Both historical and modern hunts were spatially-biased so that population 1 was the primary target of hunting. Parameters that varied among trials were the relative carrying capacities (K) of the populations, the dispersal rate between them, maximum sustainable yield rate (MSYR1+), and the precision in simulated abundance estimates. All of these parameters had strong effects on the conservation performance of the CLA. Trials with a low MSYR1+ (1%) generally ended with the abundance of population 1 below 0.54K, regardless of the dispersal rate or relative carrying capacities of the two populations. The same was true of trials in which the carrying capacity of population 1 represented only 10% of the total landscape carrying capacity and the CV of the abundance estimates was low, even when dispersal between populations was high (5 × 10–3yr–1) and MSYR1+ was 4%. The results suggest that the appropriate UTCs under the RMP are likely to exchange dispersers at high enough rates that they will be difficult to delineate using existing methods. These results also highlight the value of spatially-diffuse hunting patterns that avoid potential overhunting of unrecognised stocks.
New insight into migration patterns of western North Pacific humpback whales between the Babuyan Islands, Philippines and the Commander Islands, Russia
Authors: Silberg J. N , Acebes J. M. V , Burdin A. M. , Mamaev E. G. , Dolan K. C. , Layusa C. A. , Aca E. Q.
Published: February 2023

The population structure of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the North Pacific has received significant attention in recent years through the collaborative Structure of Populations, Levels of Abundance, and Status of Humpback whales in the North Pacific (SPLASH) study. However, the analysis of humpback whales in the western North Pacific Asian population was limited in the SPLASH study, due to small sample size. Much of the Asian population summers off Kamchatka, Russia and spends the winters in breeding grounds in Okinawa and Ogasawara, Japan and the Babuyan Islands in the northern Philippines. Prior studies grouped the Commander Islands feeding ground in Russia, with the eastern Aleutian Islands as part of the central humpback whale stock. This paper uses additional years of photo-ID data from both the Philippines (160 whales from 2000–12) and the Commander Islands (531 whales from 2008–10) to establish a previously unreported migratory connection by matching four animals between the two sites. The new migratory linkage found in the present study suggests that a small portion of humpback whales hypothesised to be migrating to a ‘missing’ breeding ground in the central North Pacific are actually migrating to the Philippines. However, additional studies on a wider geographical scale are required.
Trends in collisions between vessels and North Pacific humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Hawaiian waters (1975–2011)
Authors: Lammers M. O. , Pack A. A. , Lyman E. G. , Espiritu L.
Published: February 2023

Injury from collisions with vessels is a growing threat worldwide for many species of whales. Thirty seven years of historical records were examined for evidence of vessel collisions with humpback whales in the main Hawaiian Islands. Between 1975 and 2011, 68 collisions between vessels and whales were reported including 59 witnessed collisions and 9 observed whale injuries that were consistent with a recent vessel collision. No collisions were immediately lethal. The waters between Maui, Molokai, Lanai and Kahoolawe, which are known to have one of the highest concentrations of humpback whales in the Hawaiian Islands, had the highest incidence of collisions. Over 63% of the collisions involved calves and subadults, suggesting a greater susceptability towards collisions among younger animals. The rate of collisions increased significantly over the final twelve breeding seasons of the study and was greater than predicted by the estimated annual increase in the whale population, suggesting that the rising number of reported collisions cannot be explained solely by the annual increase in whale abundance. Although the total number of registered vessels and shipping traffic in Hawaii remained relatively constant between 2000 and 2010, there was a significant increase in the number of vessels between 7.9m and 19.8m in length. Vessels within this size range were also the most commonly involved in collisions during the study period, accounting for approximately two thirds of recorded incidents. It is concluded that from 1975–2011, there was a significant increase in reports of non-lethal collisions between vessels and humpback whales, especially calves and subadults, in the main Hawaiian Islands that likely reflects a combination of factors including the recovery of the population of North Pacific humpback whales, increases in traffic of particular vessel types, and increased reporting practices by operators of vessels.
Bayesian estimate of Australian humpback whale calving interval under sparse resighting rates: 1987–2009
Authors: Rankin Robert William , Maldini Daniela , Kaufman Greg
Published: February 2023

This study estimates a calving interval for humpback whales from a longterm photo-ID catalogue of 2,973 individuals resighted in Hervey Bay, East Australia. The study proposes a modification of two existing methods to handle partial identification of sex and age-classes of whales from visual surveys. One method truncates the data to just breeding females and discards all resighting events prior to the first observed breeding event. The second method utilises the multi-stage mark recapture (MSMR) framework and multi-event extension to include all resighted individuals and their entire encounter history. The performance of each method is assessed and the conditioning required to handle ambiguity of sex and age-classes is detailed, which is subtly different from most other mark-recapture methods. Both truncation and the multi-event methods led to similar estimates of calving intervals: 2.98 years (95% CI: 2.27–3.51) and 2.78 years (95% CI: 2.23–3.68) respectively. More importantly, estimates were more sensitive to the exact specification of resighting probabilities among age and sex classes than to the type of conditioning. However, the multi-event framework resulted in more precise estimates of other important life-history parameters such as apparent survival, and included a wider constituency of age and sex classes.
Abundance estimates and trends for Antarctic minke whales (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) in Antarctic Areas IV and V for the period 1989/90–2004/05
Authors: Hakamada Takashi , Matsuoka Koji , Nishiwaki Shigetoshi , Kitakado Toshihide
Published: February 2023

The Japanese Whale Research Programme under Special Permit in the Antarctic (JARPA) conducted sighting surveys during the 1989/90 to 2004/05 austral summer seasons (mainly in January and February), alternating between IWC management Areas IV (70°E–130°E) and V (130°E–170°W), both south of 60°S each (split-)year. These data are analysed to obtain abundance estimates for Antarctic minke whales (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) in these Areas. The estimates are calculated by standard line transect analysis methods using the program DISTANCE under the assumption that g(0) = 1. Annual rates of increase in abundance are estimated using log-linear models. The analyses take several recommendations from the 2006 JARPA Review Meeting into consideration. Those addressed here aim to: (a) improve the point estimates of abundance and their precision; and (b) evaluate (through sensitivity tests) the effect of different factors associated with the JARPA survey on the estimates of abundance and trend. GLM models are used to adjust for different strata being surveyed at different times of year over the duration of JARPA, with model selection being based on AICc . Abundance estimates for Area IV range from 16,562 (CV = 0.542) in 1997/98 to 44,945 (CV = 0.338) in 1999/00, while those for Area V range from 74,144 (CV = 0.329) in 2004/05 to 151,828 (CV = 0.322) in 2002/03. Estimates of the annual rates of increase in abundance are 1.8% with a 95% CI of [–2.5%, 6.0%] for Area IV and 1.9% with a 95% CI of [–3.0%, 6.9%] for Area V. Estimates of these trends are robust to the effects of changes in survey timing, the shapes of the shoulders of detection functions, portions of survey tracklines following the ice edge, parts of the Areas in which no survey took place and poor coverage within some strata. Adjustments to allow for the g(0) being less than 1 are made by the application of a regression model, developed from the results of the Okamura-Kitakado (OK) method estimate of minke whale abundance from the IDCR-SOWER surveys, which provides estimates of g(0) from the statistics of the minke whale school size distribution in a stratum. With this adjustment, abundance estimates increase by an average of 32,333 (106%) for Area IV and 89,245 (86%) for Area V, while the estimates of annual rates of increase and their 95% CIs change slightly to 2.6% [–1.5%,6.9%] for Area IV and 1.6% [–3.4%,6.7%] for Area V.
Revised estimates of foetal and post-natal growth in young gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus)
Authors: Sumich James L. , Blokhin Sergey A. , Tiupeleyev Piotr A.
Published: February 2023

Patterns of gray whale growth in body length and weight with age are evaluated using published values of foetal and post-natal body dimensions at reported ages, supplemented with previously unpublished measured lengths of 88 mid-gestation foetuses, 82 first-summer calves and 30 secondsummer whales taken in the summer/autumn Chukotkan native subsistence fishery. Gompertz growth models are fitted to foetal and post-natal lengths at age, predicting mean lengths at birth in mid-January of 4.7m, 7.9m at weaning and 8.7m at one year. The late foetal diapause in growth of length is not supported by the available data. Two equations were derived for estimating body weights from the linear body dimensions of length and maximum girth. For biomass estimates, two equations based on length alone and on both girth and length are derived. A multiple least squares regression equation fit to 14 measurements of the same whale over 14 months of captive rehabilitation predicts mean body weights at birth of 1,100–1,200kg, 5,100–5,200kg at six months (weaning), and 6,700–6,800kg at one year of age.
A statistical model for quantifying age-reading errors and its application to the Antarctic minke whales
Authors: Kitadado Toshihide , Lockyer Christina , Punt Andre
Published: February 2023

A statistical method for quantifying age-reading error, i.e. the extent of bias and inter-reader variability among readers, is introduced. The method assumes the availability of an independent ‘control reader’ who produces reference ages for age-reading structures which are also read by additional readers. This control reader is assumed to provide unbiased or consistently biased age estimates so that the additional readers’ age-reading outcomes can be standardised. Linear structures in bias and variance are incorporated in a conditional probability matrix representing the stochastic nature of age-determination for each reader. A joint likelihood function for the parameters related to age-reading bias, variance and nuisance parameters is defined based on observed age-reading outcomes from both the control and additional readers. The method is applied to data for Antarctic minke whales taken during Japanese commercial (1971/72–1986/87) and scientific (JARPA: 1987/88–2004/05, JARPA II: 2005/06–2010/11) whaling. A total of 250 earplugs selected according to a predetermined protocol were used in the analyses to estimate the inter-reader variation for four Japanese readers. One of the authors acted as the control reader. The Japanese readers and the control reader differed in terms of both the expected age given the true age, and variance in age-estimates. The expected age and random uncertainty in age-estimates differed among the Japanese readers, although the two readers in charge of age-reading for samples taken during Japanese scientific whaling (JARPA and JARPA II) provided quite similar agereading outcomes. These results contribute to analyses using catch-at-age data for this species. It should also be noted that the model and approach in this paper can be applied to populations other than the Antarctic minke whales, if a control reader is available, even retrospectively.
Neuromusic Education in Cognition and Quality-of-Life Promotion. An Outline
Authors: Gkintoni Evgenia , Farmakopoulou Ignatia , Theodoratou Maria
Published: February 2023

The new cognitive field of neuromusical education and research combines neuroscience and music. This article reviews recent research literature and discusses the application of neuroscience to music education, highlighting the positive effects of music education on the cognitive functions of the brain and the enhancement of an individual's quality of life. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to examine the value of music education in enhancing brain function and promoting quality of life, as well as its continued application in the contemporary educational environment.
Investigating the Role of the Islamic Culture Course Syllabi in Infusing Islamic Tolerant Moral Values among University students: Staff Members' Perspectives at King Khalid University
Authors: Alwadai Mesfer Ahmed Mesfer , Alhaj Ali Albashir Mohammed
Published: February 2023

The present research aspires to scrutinize the role of the Islamic culture course syllabi in infusing Islamic tolerant moral values among university students from the perspectives of staff members at  King Khalid University. Also, the study pointed to probing the degree to which the Islamic culture course syllabi infuse Islamic tolerant moral values among university students. The quantitative and qualitative research methods with the survey method were taken by the two researchers. Moreover, the two researchers developed an opinion poll of fifteen items based on a five-point Likert Scale that was analyzed quantitatively by applying descriptive data. The two researchers chose a random stratified sample from different campuses of King Khalid University in Abha, Algraa, Alomhalah, Dhahran Aljanoub, and to mention a few). The purposive sample of the study consists of hundred staff members. The results revealed that the general average of the role played by the Islamic culture course syllabi in infusing Islamic tolerant moral values among university students from the perspectives of staff members at  King Khalid University came to a high degree with an arithmetic average of (4.17). Also, the findings demonstrated that the content of the Islamic culture syllabus better’s university students’ moral and intellectual capacity and prevents them from extremism, and ideological conflicts. The study recommends the requirement to carry out further investigations on the role of Islamic culture course syllabi courses on other variables such as character internationalization and advancement of work ethics among students.
A Module of Systematic Desensitization Guidance and Counseling to Reduce Learning Anxiety of Junior High School Students
Authors: Hulukati Wenny , Hulukati Evi , Puluhulawa Meiske
Published: February 2023

Generated from the problem statement, the present study aimed to produce a module of systematic desensitization guidance and counseling as a medium to reduce the learning anxiety of junior high school students. It relied on a Research and Development method by Sugiyono, limited to seven stages: (1) potential and problem, (2) data collection, (3) product design, (4) design validation, (5) design revision, (6) product trial, (7) product revision. The expert subject consisted of the experts of guidance and counseling media, guidance and counseling, and Indonesian language. Meanwhile, the small-group trial subject involved four teachers of guidance and counseling. The data were primarily collected from a questionnaire and were analyzed qualitatively (content analysis) and quantitatively (t-test). The results of the expert validation and the small-group trial showed that the module of systematic desensitization guidance and counseling was feasible and practical as a medium to reduce the learning anxiety of junior high school students.
Sobre El Carro de Heno de El Bosco: de la fragmentación a la unidad
Authors: Echarte Cosío María José
Published: February 2023

Analizamos las tablas central y derecha de El carro de heno de El Bosco, Museo del Prado Madrid, desde una metodología estructural: a un significante —imágenes de la pintura— le corresponde un significado, desdoblado en la pintura en dos modos de significar, superficial y profundo. Obviando aspectos externos o puramente técnicos, dedicamos atención preferente al significado del plano profundo: El Bosco, hombre del Renacimiento, narra, desde el sustento de la Cultura Clásica y en conjunción con la alquimia esotérica, la historia de la familia del fundador de Tebas, Cadmo, y, en ella, fundamentalmente, del dios primordial Dioniso-serpiente: desde su σπαραγμός o fragmentación hasta el regreso a la Unidad.
Acción Artística de Ecorreciclaje
Authors: Scariani Stefano
Published: February 2023

Si el pensamiento artístico pretende relacionarse con la sociedad en la que se desarrolla, no puede no enfrentarse al hecho de que vivimos en un mundo donde la sovraproducción industrial y la obsolesciencia programada de sus productos determina las relaciones económicas y sociales globales. El arte posee la capacidad de marcar un cambio en la tendencia económica y social a través de una apropiación del producto industrial y su transformación en un anti-producto que contraste su misma natura de producto industrial. En éste artículo se pretende desbozar elementos de este pensamiento artístico antagonista y al mismo tiempo describir tres ejemplos prácticos de como reciclar y convertir productos tecnológicos en herramientas para el arte.
 
[1] Un ejemplo en este sentido es representado por el videoarte, en principio desarrollado dentro de los laboratorios de los broadcast televisivos de los que se solía contenstar el rol socio-político.
Territorialidade, financiamento e jornalismo independente no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Patrício Edgard
Published: February 2023

Patrício e Batista (2017, 2020) recensearam os elementos de identidade jornalística presentes nas autonarrativas de grupos de produção de jornalismo independente em plataformas digitais. Um desses elementos seria o contraponto estabelecido entre centro versus periferia, entre mídia independente e mídia convencional. Essa constatação levou Silva e Patrício (2019) a se debruçarem sobre a regionalidade como fator de produção do jornalismo nas iniciativas independentes, num contexto de intensificação tecnológica digital. Foram identificados marcadores territoriais no ethos discursivo dessas iniciativas. Esse artigo avança no sentido de perceber possíveis relações entre esses marcadores territoriais e as estratégias de sustentabilidade financeiras de iniciativas de jornalismo independente. A partir da análise da atuação de seis iniciativas de jornalismo independente do Nordeste do Brasil, constatou-se que os apoios locais que possibilitam sua sustentabilidade financeira dialogam diretamente com esses marcadores territoriais.
Recursos de transparência jornalística na coluna de ombudsman da Folha de S. Paulo
Authors: Medeiros Kalianny Bezerra de
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho objetiva identificar aspectos e recursos de transparência jornalística utilizados e apontados nas colunas de ombudsman do jornal Folha de S. Paulo. O corpus da pesquisa é composto pelos 46 textos publicados nessa coluna entre os meses de janeiro e dezembro de 2021. Entre os mecanismos de transparência que se manifestam estão a crítica a coberturas, a apresentação e o esclarecimento de erros e a participação do leitor. Ainda que as colunas produzam críticas ao trabalho jornalístico desenvolvido na FSP e busquem, em determinados momentos, trazer esclarecimento às dúvidas e aos questionamentos dos leitores, os resultados da análise destacam que são praticamente inexistentes explicações ou críticas sobre o percurso e os métodos adotados na apuração e na divulgação das matérias veiculadas pelo jornal.
Cenários prospectivos das indústrias de jornalismo digital do Brasil no horizonte 2030
Authors: Guerra Lorena , Forte Sergio Henrique Arruda Cavalcante
Published: February 2023

Foi identificada uma lacuna na literatura, com a ausência de estudos de cenários prospectivos que discorram sobre as indústrias de jornalismo digital. Assim, esta pesquisa objetiva prospectar cenários para a indústria de jornalismo digital do Brasil no horizonte 2020 a 2030, a partir do contexto da pandemia Covid-19. A pesquisa é descritiva, qualitativa e quantitativa, com coleta de dados secundários e entrevistas com 28 expertises (mestres, doutores e especialistas em jornalismo digital), usando técnicas de análise de conteúdo, método de pertinência, probabilidade e favorabilidade e storytelling. Dois cenários foram prospectados: realista e pessimista. Um olhar mais realista e favorável cairá sobre as fontes de múltiplas receitas que serão os mantenedores e propulsores das Redações durante e após a pandemia. Já os fatores exógenos, como a restrição à liberdade de imprensa, recessão social e o aumento da inflação serão os eventos que mais impactarão no cenário pessimista.
My Shakespeare
Authors: Doran Greg
Published: February 2023

This book charts the personal and professional journey of Gregory Doran, Artistic Director of the Royal Shakespeare Company since 2012 and “one of the great Shakespearians of his generation” (Sunday Times).

During his illustrious career, he has directed or produced all of the plays within Shakespeare’s First Folio – a milestone reached in the same year that the world celebrates the 400th anniversary of the First Folio’s original publication.

Each of the book’s chapters looks at a different play, considering the choices made and weaving in both autobiographical detail and background on the RSC, as well as giving insights on key collaborations, including with actors such as Judi Dench, David Tennant, Harriet Walter, Patrick Stewart, Simon Russell Beale, Paterson Joseph and Doran’s husband, the late Antony Sher, and seminal teachers such as Cicely Berry, John Barton and Terry Hands.

Through Doran’s account of this extraordinary journey, we see how Henry VIII, initially regarded as a poisoned chalice, became his lucky break; how the tragedy of 9/11 happened during a matinee of King John and how the language of the play went some way in helping to articulate the unfathomable; how a RSC supporter bequeathed their skull to the RSC to be used as Yorick in Hamlet; how meeting Nelson Mandela inspired the production of Julius Caesar; how Falstaff was introduced to China for the very first time; and how arachnophobia informed the production of Macbeth.

This book uniquely captures the excitement, energy, surprises, joys and agonies of working on these greatest of plays and gives unprecedented access into the life and loves of this exceptional director.
Charlotte Brontë
Authors: Plasa Carl
Published: February 2023

The writings of Charlotte Brontë - a member of one of the great literary families - have inspired, fascinated and moved readers ever since their first publication in the mid-nineteenth century. In this new study, Carl Plasa elaborates a series of textually focused, historically grounded and theoretically informed analyses of the full range of the author’s texts. As well as providing original readings of Brontë’s four best known novels - The Professor, Jane Eyre, Shirley and Villette - attention is given to less familiar and critically neglected areas of Brontë’s work, such as the Ashanti narratives, the poetry and the Belgian essays of the early 1840s. Charlotte Brontë’s work has undergone a significant reassessment from a postcolonial critical perspective in recent years. By examining Brontë’s textual production from its exuberant and experimental beginnings to the formal complexity of Villette, her last completed novel, Plasa offers what is the most comprehensive exploration to date of the shifts in the writer’s engagement with the question of colonialism. In so doing, he brings to light the subtle relationships of continuity and transformation between the earlier and later stages of Brontë’s literary career and demonstrates the extent to which that career was sparked and driven by her ‘colonial imagination’.
The Changing State of Youth
Authors: Mizen Phil
Published: February 2023

During the course of the last quarter of the Twentieth-century, we witnessed a dramatic reversal in the fortunes of young people. From being a key beneficiary of the post-war political commitment to inclusion and concession, youth became re-constituted as a much more costly 'state' to be in. This important new text takes as its basic premise the idea that age is a key site of division and explores the key elements of the process by which young people are integrated into society. Both detailed and wide-ranging in its analysis, it provides an accessible introduction to the major issues involved in the study of youth.
Philosophy of Nursing
Authors: Edwards Steven D.
Published: February 2023

This book provides an introduction to a new and emerging area of nursing scholarship, that of philosophy of nursing. It describes the nature of philosophy of nursing and then focuses on three areas of enquiry central to nursing theory and practice: knowledge, persons and care. Having developed positive accounts of these key areas the nature of nursing is then examined. Throughout there is critical engagement with the work of leading nurse writers, in particular Benner and Wrubel, and Carper.
Refugees in a Global Era
Authors: Marfleet Philip
Published: February 2023

This topical new book offers an authoritative analysis of forced migration in the age of globalization. It explores histories of migration, the changing patterns of migration and the refugee experience of displacement, flight and the search for asylum. Critical reading for all students seeking to understand the position of refugees today.
Design of Structural Timber
Authors: McKenzie W.M.C. , Zhang Binsheng
Published: February 2023

This New Casebook contains ten essays written about Blake's poetry since 1970 selected to show the diversity of Blake criticism during the last twenty years and the ways in which contemporary critical theories open up new readings of his work. Essays representative of Marxist, psychoanalytic, deconstructionist, feminist and new historicist criticism are included. David Punter's Introduction places these in the context of recent developments in critical theory and shows how today's student can best engage with Blake's complex and rewarding work.
Transversal Reasoning on Emunah
Authors: Hasselaar Jan Jorrit
Published: February 2023

This chapter aims to initiate transversal reasoning (TR) between Sacks’
understanding of emunah (a type of trust) and Nooteboom’s understanding
of trust. This TR is part of the larger TR presented in consecutive
chapters. First, it is argued that Nooteboom, Bowles, Ariely and Kay &
King largely meet the requirements for entering into TR with Sacks in
these chapters. The reason for employing TR is to explore its relevance for
a social response to radical uncertainty in the context of climate change.
The relevance of TR between Sacks and Nooteboom on emunah appears
in their treatment of what can be described as relational knowledge, a
third form of knowledge, besides objective and subjective knowledge.
Relational knowledge allows to embrace radical uncertainty in the context
of climate change. In discourses on climate change, elements of this kind
of knowledge can already be found in pleas for post-normal science.
Transversal Reasoning on Change of Identity
Authors: Hasselaar Jan Jorrit
Published: February 2023

The aim of this chapter is to continue transversal reasoning (TR) with a
conversation between Sacks and Bowles on change of identity, and between
Sacks and Ariely on the governance of change of identity. The reason for
TR is to explore its relevance for a social response to radical uncertainty in
the context of climate change. The relevance of the conversation between
Sacks and Bowles on change of identity is that it highlights the need for time,
expressed as a journey of two stages. The first stage of the journey is based on
who we are, the identity underlying the actions that caused climate change.
The second stage of the journey orients us to a new and liberating identity,
a new ‘we’. It is about who humans and non-humans want to be with one
another. Hope does not accentuate the outcome of a response to climate
change, but the process towards the outcome. TR shows that other-regarding
motivation, an essential ingredient for a social response, can be crowded out
by monetary incentives. TR also shows that there is not yet an institution
that can stimulate wise combinations of self-interest and other-regarding
motivation in order to develop prudent policies. TR between Sacks and
Ariely highlights a public Sabbath, a ‘workplace of hope’, as a possible key
public institution to coordinate a social response to radical uncertainty in
the context of climate change for all involved, not just religious people. A
workplace of hope can also deepen existing meetings and summits by providing
rituals to embrace radical uncertainty in the context of climate change.
Introduction
Authors: Staub Susan C.
Published: February 2023

This introduction summarizes some of the different ways that plants are
enmeshed in all aspects of human life in the early modern period and in
Shakespeare’s works. It points to the many ways that plants in the period
are vital and active, part of a network of meaning that belies our own sense
of the word “vegetable.” These various interpretations of plants provide
context for the essays gathered in this volume. Essays in this collection
show the power plants have to interact with and affect humans; how the
boundary between plant and human is often blurred; and how considering
temporality in conjunction with plants forces a reconsideration both of
time and of human life.
The Agricultural Data Imaginary
Authors: Müller Eggo
Published: February 2023

Big Data come with the promise of a better future. In the agricultural
discourse on smart technologies and data-based applications in farming,
so-called “precision farming” is envisioned as a “revolution” of traditional
agricultural mass production of crops and livestock. Big Data are imagined
as making the agrifood industry more efficient, more profitable, and more
sustainable. Drawing on David Beer’s concept of the “data imaginary”
(2019), this chapter examines discourses on precision farming in corporate
advertisements, lobbyist agricultural journals, and review articles in
academic journals in the field of agriculture and computing. It argues
that data-based agrifood production is seen as the next technological
fix of the broken system of traditional industrial farming, while it in
fact reinforces the devastating environmental and social damages that
traditional industrial farming has caused.
Schooled by Dashboards?
Authors: Kerssens Niels
Published: February 2023

Personalized learning is rapidly becoming a reality in classrooms worldwide
through platformization. At the classroom level, digital platforms
shape learning toward personal needs through pedagogies encoded into
their design—their algorithms, but also into dashboard interfaces teachers
increasingly employ as part of their educational toolkit. This study investigates
how dashboards can impact teaching in primary school classrooms
by examining how their data visualizations configure particular views on
learning, which educators increasingly depend on to make pedagogical
decisions. It will address two research questions: What are the pedagogical
underpinnings of learning dashboards integrated in personalized learning
technologies? How may pedagogies encoded into these dashboards affect
teaching? To answer these questions, the chapter will start by setting
out a theoretical perspective on platform pedagogy. Subsequently, it will
describe teaching and learning relationships encoded in the teaching
dashboard of the Dutch adaptive learning platform Snappet and argue
that its pedagogy of performativity may disempower teachers’ control
over learning. The concluding section will discuss actions needed to
strengthen schools’ and teachers’ control over the pedagogical dimensions
of learning platforms.
Types of Self-harm Behaviour among Chinese Adolescents in Malaysia
Authors: Teik Ee Guan , Poh Li Lau
Published: February 2023

Suicide statistics obtained from the World Health Organization in 2014 revealed that approximately one million people worldwide die from suicide every year which is equivalent to one death every 40 seconds. Since suiciderates throughout Asia are higher than in Western countries, it was hypothesized that rates of self-hurt might also be higher. In recent years, adolescent self-harm behaviour has become an issue of major concern in the international arena. There is virtually no empirical data about self-harm in Malaysia, as the subject remainsa taboo. Records showing the prevalence of such behaviour among Malaysian Chinese adolescents are only available from non-government organizations and newspaper reports. Hence, any pioneer research carried out in this area should take cognizance of self-harm behaviour among the ethnic Chinese. The data obtained would then be compared with results from other countries.
PENGANAN: MAKANAN WARISAN TIDAK KETARA MASYARAKAT IBAN DI SARAWAK (SATU PENELITIAN AWAL)
Authors: Tugang Noria , Kiyai @ Keai Gregory , Beatrice Anne
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Human-made culture is a symbol and identity of people in distinguishing themselves from other groups and communities.  In form of cultural context, there are many types of heritage created and inherited through the age.  Begin with a tangible culture that involves the use of cultural artifacts in life up to the intangible aspect of preserving traditional culinary heritage.  Food has a long history in human civilization, starting with the basic and simple diet of the early human civilization of the mid-Paleolithic period around 200 00 BC until evolution became more complex and has its own aesthetic value.  This is influenced by various factors and environmental conditions.  For the Iban community in Sarawak, Penganan is traditional culinary legacy that still provided in the diet and Iban cuisine.  Penganan is not just a traditional dish but the practice and process of making it is full of tips and prohibitions and it is very significant to the Iban culture.  The objective of this research is to develop and introduce Penganan globally.
 
Abstrak
Budaya yang diciptakan manusia adalah sebagai satu lambang dan identiti bagi sesebuah kaum dalam mebezakan diri mereka dengan kelompok atau komuniti yang lain. Dalam konteks budaya, terdapat pelbagai jenis warisan yang dicipta dan diwarisi secara turun temurun. Bermula dengan budaya ketara yang melibatkan penggunaan artifak budaya dalam kehidupan sehinggalah kepada aspek warisan tidak ketara iaitu pengekalan warisan kulinari tradisional. Makanan memiliki sejarah yang panjang dalam tamadun manusia, bermula dengan diet pemakanan yang asas dan ringkas semasa tamadun awal manusia iaitu zaman paleolitik pertengahan kira-kira 200 000 SM sehinggalah berevolusi menjadi lebih kompleks dan mempunyai nilai estitika yang tersendiri. Hal ini adalah dipengaruhi oleh pelbagai faktor dan keadaan persekitaraan. Bagi masyarakat Iban di Sarawak, Penganan merupakan satu legasi kulinari tradisional yang masih disediakan dalam diet dan sajian kulinari masyarakat Iban. Penganan bukan hanya sekadar sajian tradisional sahaja bahkan amalan dan proses pembuatannya adalah sangat tabbo dan penuh pantang larang serta sangat signifikan dalam budaya Iban. Objektif penyelidikan ini adalah sebagai satu penelitian awal dalam  usaha menginventori dan memperkenalkan sajian Penganan ini secara global.
Evaluating and Improving Context Attention Distribution on Multi-Turn response generation using Self-Contained Distractions
Authors: Xing Yujie , Gulla Jon Atle
Published: February 2023

Despite the rapid progress of open-domain generation-based conversational agents, most deployed systems treat dialogue contexts as single-turns, while systems dealing with multi-turn contexts are less studied. There is a lack of a reliable metric for evaluating multi-turn modelling, as well as an effective solution for improving it. In this paper, we focus on an essential component of multi-turn generation-based conversational agents: context attention distribution, i.e. how systems distribute their attention on dialogue’s context. For evaluation of this component, We introduce a novel attention-mechanism-based metric: DAS ratio. To improve performance on this component, we propose an optimization strategy that employs selfcontained distractions. Our experiments on the Ubuntu chatlogs dataset show that models with comparable perplexity can be distinguished by their ability on context attention distribution. Our proposed optimization strategy improves both non-hierarchical and hierarchical models on the proposed metric by about 10% from baselines.
Implementation of a New E-voting System based on Blockchain using ECDSA with Blind Signatures
Authors: Lumburovska Lina , Dimitrova Vesna , Mitrovikj Aleksandra Popovska- , Cyril Ss.
Published: February 2023

The latest research shows the benefits, the impact, and the usage of Blockchain and decentralized systems with a high confidence. Its popularity becomes even higher with the electronic voting systems based on the technology itself. In this paper we propose a new implementation of an electronic voting system based on Blockchain using ECDSA with blind signatures. Additionally, the system is compared with other electronic voting systems based on Blockchain technology. Mainly these types of systems hardly ever fulfill the scalability. Nevertheless, our system has an advantage in comparison with the other systems. Since the idea of the Blockchain technology is to show the flexibility and equal privileges to all nodes, this implementation with Angular and Spring Boot shows that, so everyone can track the chain. To sum up, this implementation can have a good usage in smaller departments, because of the performances and all mathematical operations.