bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On making meanings: Curators, social assembly, and mashups
Authors: Mitnick Barry M. , Ryan Robert C.
Published: April 2015

The central argument of this article is that institutional theory is fundamentally concerned with the creation, distribution, and application of meaning. The field today only recognizes two of these three collective practices: what we term meaning-evangelizing, concern for how actors and institutions distribute and contest meanings; and meaning-applying, how and to what end actors apply existing, established categorical systems and logics to token objects, actors, organizations, and so on. This essay focuses on the third, less studied leg: meaning-making, the construction of the meanings that guide social actors. This essay offers a theoretical path for exploring meaning-making by discussing its actors, actions, and outcomes: the institutional actors who create meanings (such as curators), how they do it ( social assembly), and what is made ( social mashups, i.e., candidate meanings).
Illusions of Empowerment
Authors: Batabyal Somnath
Published: April 2015

This article examines the phenomenon of political talk shows during elections in geographically and politically marginal areas. Using the 2014 elections in India as a case study and focusing on Assam, the article examines how a television economy that includes poorly trained and ill-paid journalists, unscrupulous owners, and the stigma of paid news have used the format of “live television” as means of “representing” rural audiences. The “spectacle” of such shows has pushed television ratings up while trivializing democratic debate.
A Review of Participant-Generated Image Methods in the Social Sciences
Authors: Balomenou Nika , Garrod Brian
Published: April 2015

This article makes a systematic review of the use of participant-generated image methods in social science research. Such methods have a long history of application across the social sciences. Their development has, however, been uneven and fragmented, resulting in a lack of gestalt (wholeness or unity). This has led to the methods being underappreciated and sometimes mistrusted. The article compares and contrasts the design, implementation, and analytical methods of nearly 300 studies. Six main groups or traditions are identified. However, the study finds no strong evidence that any is distinctive enough to warrant being awarded its own name. Meanwhile, no convincing evidence is found to suggest that best practice has either been identified or adopted.
Police legitimacy, ideology and qualitative methods: A critique of procedural justice theory
Authors: Harkin Diarmaid
Published: April 2015

I argue that there are unconsidered complexities to police legitimacy and use examples from my study of police–public consultation forums in Edinburgh, Scotland to illustrate. I make a number of conceptual and methodological critiques by drawing upon Steven Lukes’ social theory on power to show how legitimacy can be a product of authority relations as much as it is a cause of authority relations. This view finds support from systems-justification theory. I also tackle Beetham’s conception of legitimacy and argue that there is evidence from police studies that the police breach his key antecedents to legitimacy without incurring the expected consequences. Furthermore, I take an original methodological approach to studying police legitimacy which reveals additional insights. For instance, Bottoms and Tankebe suggest legitimacy addresses multiple ‘audiences’; I would also add that it addresses multiple recipients as legitimacy is shown to vary among officers and positions of rank.
Benefits and barriers to the public health pharmacy: a qualitative exploration of providers’ and commissioners’ perceptions of the Healthy Living Pharmacy framework
Authors: Firth Hannah , Todd Adam , Bambra Clare
Published: April 2015

Aims:

The aims of this study were to explore the barriers to the implementation and progression of the Healthy Living Pharmacy (HLP) framework, from both provider and commissioner perspectives, and to ascertain whether the successes and barriers of the framework perceived by pharmacies are shared with commissioners.

Methods:

A structured qualitative interview study, using purposive sampling, was undertaken with 11 community pharmacists and 11 Healthy Living Champions (providers) from HLPs in the north of England. Four commissioners of such services were also interviewed. Interviews were analysed using a thematic approach.

Results:

There were many aspects of the HLP framework that the service ‘providers’ were positive about, namely, workforce development, engagement (particularly with the smoking cessation service) and as a motivation for pharmacy teams. However, there were areas of concern about low awareness among pharmacy users, the time involved in delivery, as well as financial considerations. These were exemplified by the health checks element. Commissioners also expressed concerns about health checks as well as a lack of cohesion between commissioners and service providers and a poor understanding of the broader framework.

Conclusion:

The HLP framework was perceived as valuable by providers although there were areas of concern. A key barrier to the framework – perceived by both providers and commissioners – was the implementation of health checks. This should be considered in future commissioning.
Having a Thicker Skin
Authors: Kuehn Maya M. , Chen Serena , Gordon Amie M.
Published: April 2015

Social power elicits an array of psychological tendencies that likely impact processes related to the fundamental need for belonging—including how people respond to social rejection. Across three studies, using multiple methods and instantiations of power and rejection, we hypothesized that power buffers people from the typically adverse emotional and self-esteem consequences of rejection. Supporting this, power buffered participants from increases in negative emotion and/or decreases in self-esteem in response to rejection from a romantic partner (Study 1), an anticipated interaction partner (Study 2), and a hypothetical coworker (Study 3). These findings document a direct link between power and emotional and self-esteem reactions to rejection.
Management of cirrhotic ascites
Authors: Pedersen Julie Steen , Bendtsen Flemming , Møller Søren
Published: April 2015

The most common complication to chronic liver failure is ascites. The formation of ascites in the cirrhotic patient is caused by a complex chain of pathophysiological events involving portal hypertension and progressive vascular dysfunction. Since ascites formation represents a hallmark in the natural history of chronic liver failure it predicts a poor outcome with a 50% mortality rate within 3 years. Patients with ascites are at high risk of developing complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hyponatremia and progressive renal impairment. Adequate management of cirrhotic ascites and its complications betters quality of life and increases survival. This paper summarizes the pathophysiology behind cirrhotic ascites and the diagnostic approaches, as well as outlining the current treatment options. Despite improved medical treatment of ascites, liver transplantation remains the ultimate treatment and early referral of the patient to a highly specialized hepatology unit should always be considered.
The Frequency of Using Herbal Medicines Among Patients With Hypertension in Kerman, Iran, 2012-2013
Authors: Tajadini Haleh , Divsalar Kouros , Mehrabani Mitra , Haghdoost Ali Akbar , Esmaili Zahra , Shadkam Mitra , Moradi Mehdi
Published: April 2015

Introduction. The use of medicinal plants has dramatically increased in recent years. Given the increasing rate of hypertension and medical plants usage by these patients and considering drug interactions due to concomitant use with drugs, the present study aims to evaluate the rate of medicinal plants usage in hypertensive patients. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study (descriptive–analytical) in which 650 hypertensive patients referring to the subspecialty clinic of Kerman were questioned about medicinal plants usage by a medicinal plants questionnaire. Among these patients, there were 612 who consented to participate. After the variables were described, the data were finally analyzed using Stata 12. Results. The average age of those using these drugs in the past year was 58.8 ± 10 years. Of the total number of participants using medicinal plants, there were 58 males (23.5%) and 122 females (33.4%). There were 129 participants (72.5%) using medicinal plants through self-administration, 17 participants (9.5%) on experienced users’ advice, 16 participants (9%) as administered by herbalists, and 11 participants (6%) as administered by doctors. However, the most important resources for using a drug that prevents hypertension were family and friends (74 participants; 41.5%) and doctors (13 participants; 7.3%). According to the results, there was no significant difference between the level of education and medicinal plants usage ( P = .95); however, there was a significant difference between gender and medicinal plants usage ( P = .009). Discussion. According to the results indicating the relatively high prevalence of medicinal plants usage and their arbitrary use by hypertensive patients without consulting a specialist, it seems necessary to plan for more effective and secure public education and train people to provide herbal drug services for various diseases with hypertension being the most common one.
Immunomodulatory Properties of Taranjebin (Camel’s Thorn) Manna and Its Isolated Carbohydrate Macromolecules
Authors: Hamedi Azadeh , Farjadian Shirin , Karami Mohammad Reza
Published: April 2015

Taranjebin manna is a substance produced by Poophilus nebulosus Leth. (Aphrophoridae) larva that feed from host plant Alhagi maurorum (Leguminosae). In Persian ethnomedicine, it is used as an antipyretic, antiviral, antimicrobial, demulcent, and adaptogen. But it is contraindicated in acute fever and some infections. This controversy might be due to its immunomodulatory properties. This study evaluated immunomodulatory properties of Taranjebin and its macromolecules. Taranjebin solution was prepared as described in traditional literature. After dialysis and precipitation, the macromolecules were isolated on DEAE Sephadex A-25. The cytotoxic/proliferative properties of Taranjebin and its isolated macromolecules on human Jurkat E6.1 cells were investigated (15.62-1000 μg/mL) using WST-1 reagent. Three of 4 isolated acidic polysaccharides inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat cells in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations higher than 31.25 μg/mL (IC50 range of 44.81-147.97 μg/mL). The crude aqueous Taranjebin solution had proliferative effects. These results indicate the immunomodulatory properties of Taranjebin.
Individual Difference Predictors of the Experience of Emerging Adulthood
Authors: Skulborstad Hayley M. , Hermann Anthony D.
Published: April 2015

The current study examined the dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (EA) and specific self and social processes that influence the experience of this important transitional developmental period, with a particular focus on identity exploration. A large sample collected from a multi-institution collaboration was examined. Results indicated that Arnett’s EA key dimensions (identity exploration, feeling in-between, self-orientedness, negativity/instability, and experimentation), plus an exploratory dimension, other orientedness, shift as a function of age and analyses of quadratic effects suggest that some dimensions may characterize EA better than others. In addition, perceptions of others’ regard (and not self-esteem) moderated the relationship between age and identity exploration. Findings support Arnett’s theory, but also suggest that interpersonal factors are more influential than intrapsychic in prompting identity exploration during EA.
Does More Public Health Spending Buy Better Health?
Authors: Marton James , Sung Jaesang , Honore Peggy
Published: April 2015

Background:

In this article, we attempt to address a persistent question in the health policy literature: Does more public health spending buy better health? This is a difficult question to answer due to unobserved differences in public health across regions as well as the potential for an endogenous relationship between public health spending and public health outcomes.

Methods:

We take advantage of the unique way in which public health is funded in Georgia to avoid this endogeneity problem, using a twelve year panel dataset of Georgia county public health expenditures and outcomes in order to address the “unobservables” problem.

Results:

We find that increases in public health spending lead to increases in mortality by several different causes, including early deaths and heart disease deaths. We also find that increases in such spending leads to increases in morbidity from heart disease.

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that more public health funding may not always lead to improvements in health outcomes at the county level.
Sheikh Hasina Government’s India Policy: A Three-level Game?
Authors: Chakma Bhumitra
Published: April 2015

This article seeks to analyze the sources of the Sheikh Hasina government’s India-positive foreign policy approach from theoretical and empirical standpoints. Theoretically, it engages three broad schools of thought and their competing claims about state foreign policy behaviour. These claims then are examined in the context of Bangladesh’s foreign policy towards India. It is argued here that three levels—individual, unit/national and external environment—need to be engaged together to understand the sources of the Sheikh Hasina government’s India policy.
Fbxl10 overexpression in murine hematopoietic stem cells induces leukemia involving metabolic activation and upregulation of Nsg2
Authors: Ueda Takeshi , Nagamachi Akiko , Takubo Keiyo , Yamasaki Norimasa , Matsui Hirotaka , Kanai Akinori , Nakata Yuichiro , Ikeda Kenichiro , Konuma Takaaki , Oda Hideaki , Wolff Linda , Honda Zen-ichiro , Wu Xudong , Helin Kristian , Iwama Atsushi , Suda Toshio , Inaba Toshiya , Honda Hiroaki
Published: April 2015

Key Points

Fbxl10 is a bona fide oncogene in vivo. Fbxl10 overexpression in HSCs induces mitochondrial metabolic activation and enhanced expression of Nsg2.
Creation of a free, Internet-accessible database: the Multiple Target Ligand Database
Authors: Chen Chao , He Yang , Wu Jianhui , Zhou Jinming
Published: April 2015

Background

Polypharmacology plays an important part in drug discovery, and remains a major challenge in drug development. Identification of the underlying polypharmacology of a drug, as well as development of polypharmacological drugs, have become important issues in the pharmaceutical industry and academia.

Description

Herein, through data mining of the Protein Data Bank (PDB), a free, Internet-accessible database called the Multiple Target Ligand Database (MTLD; www.mtdcadd.com) was constructed. The MTLD contains 1,732 multiple-target ligands (MTLs) which bind to 14,996 binding sites extracted from 12,759 PDB structures. Among MTLs, 222 entries are approved drugs and 1,334 entries are drug-like compounds. The MTLD could be an extremely useful tool in the development of polypharmacological drugs. It also sheds light on the side effects of drugs through anticipation of their multiple functions and similarities in the binding sites of multiple targets. The entire database is free for online searching, browsing, and downloading.

Conclusion

As a crucial expansion of the PDB, increasing numbers of MTLs will be included in the MTLD. Eventually, it will become an efficient platform to obtain useful information on MTLs and their underlying polypharmacology.
Association of dietary pattern with biochemical blood profiles and bodyweight among adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Darani Zad Nasrin , Mohd Yusof Rokiah , Esmaili Haleh , Jamaluddin Rosita , Mohseni Fariba
Published: April 2015

Background

This study was conducted to identify dietary patterns and evaluated their association with biochemical blood profiles and body weight among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

This was a cross sectional study conducted among 400 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tehran from March to August 2013. Biochemical blood profiles, socio-demographic, lifestyle, anthropometric measurements, and dietary data were obtained. Dietary data from food frequency questionnaire were used to derive dietary patterns. Factor analysis was conducted to ascertain the dietary patterns, and analysis of covariance was fitted to assess the relation between blood profiles, body weight and adherence to dietary patterns.

Results

Three dietary patterns by factor analysis were identified, Vegetable & Poultry, Western and Semi-healthy. After control for potential confounders, body mass index (b = −0/03, p < 0.05) were negatively associated with vegetable and poultry dietary pattern. Conversely, total cholesterol (b = 0.004, p < 0.01) and fasting blood glucose (b = 0.014, p < 0.05) were positively associated with western dietary pattern. A dietary pattern labeled as semi-healthy pattern was found to be positively related to HDL-cholesterol (b = 0.006 p < 0.01). Associations between semi-healthy pattern, LDL-cholesterol (b = −0.120 p < 0.05) and waist circumference (b = −0.020, p < 0.05) were negative.

Conclusion

Adherence to Vegetable & Poultry dietary pattern was favorably related to body weight, semi healthy related to lower LDL and higher HDL cholesterol whereas western related to higher fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol. Further studies are necessary to confirm the benefits of the dietary patterns for diabetes.
Large animal models in experimental knee sports surgery: focus on clinical translation
Authors: Madry Henning , Ochi Mitsuo , Cucchiarini Magali , Pape Dietrich , Seil Romain
Published: April 2015

Large animal models play a crucial role in sports surgery of the knee, as they are critical for the exploration of new experimental strategies and the clinical translation of novel techniques. The purpose of this contribution is to provide critical aspects of relevant animal models in this field, with a focus on paediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, high tibial osteotomy, and articular cartilage repair. Although there is no single large animal model strictly replicating the human knee joint, the sheep stifle joint shares strong similarities. Studies in large animal models of paediatric ACL reconstruction identified specific risk factors associated with the different surgical techniques. The sheep model of high tibial osteotomy is a powerful new tool to advance the understanding of the effect of axial alignment on the lower extremity on specific issues of the knee joint. Large animal models of both focal chondral and osteochondral defects and of osteoarthritis have brought new findings about the mechanisms of cartilage repair and treatment options. The clinical application of a magnetic device for targeted cell delivery serves as a suitable example of how data from such animal models are directly translated into in clinical cartilage repair. As novel insights from studies in these translational models will advance the basic science, close cooperation in this important field of clinical translation will improve current reconstructive surgical options and open novel avenues for regenerative therapies of musculoskeletal disorders.
Vertical Ground Motion Model for PGA, PGV, and Linear Response Spectra Using the NGA-West2 Database
Authors: Bozorgnia Yousef , Campbell Kenneth W.
Published: April 2015

We summarize the development of the NGA-West2 Bozorgnia-Campbell empirical ground motion model (GMM) for the vertical components of peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), and 5%-damped elastic pseudo-absolute acceleration response spectra (PSA) at vertical periods ranging from 0.01 s to 10 s. In the development of the vertical GMM, similar to our 2014 horizontal GMM, we used the extensive PEER NGA-West2 worldwide database. We consider our new vertical GMM to be valid for shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions for magnitudes ranging from 3.3 to 7.5–8.5, depending on the style of faulting, and for distances as far as 300 km from the fault.
Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation Without Hematopoietic Support for the Treatment of Hematologic Malignancies in Jehovah's Witnesses
Authors: Ford Patricia A. , Grant Shakira J. , Mick Rosemarie , Keck Gina
Published: April 2015

Purpose

Autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) has shown to provide curative benefit in patients with relapsed lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM), often requiring hematopoietic support until marrow engraftment. Because of Jehovah's Witnesses' (JW) refusal of blood products, treatment challenges arise. This study represents 125 JWs with lymphoma (n = 55), MM (n = 68), or amyloidosis (n = 2), treated with high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and ASCT without transfusions.

Patients and Methods

Priming with intravenous iron and erythropoietin occurred to increase hemoglobin (Hb) pretransplantation. Cytokine mobilization of stem-cells was used. Delay to HDC was done to allow Hb and platelets to approach 11 g/dL and 100 × 103/μL, respectively. Patients with MM received a standard dose of melphalan 200 mg/m2, with dose reduction for severe kidney dysfunction. Patients with lymphoma received carmustine 300 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 1,500 mg/m2 on days 2 through 5 (total 6 g/m2), and etoposide 700 mg/m2 per day on days 2 through 4 (total 2,100 mg/m2). Post-transplantation, a combination of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, erythropoietin, aminocaproic acid, and phytonadione was administered.

Results

There were two major and 15 minor bleeding complications, none occurring at platelets less than 5.0 × 103/μL, with six (4.8%) treatment-related mortalities. The median decrease in Hb was 5.0 g/dL, with median Hb nadir of 7.0 g/dL. The median number of days with platelet count less than 10 × 103/μL was 3, with median platelet nadir of 5.0 × 103/μL. Cardiac complications occurred in 40 patients (32%).

Conclusion

ASCT can safely be performed without transfusion support. A platelet transfusion trigger of ≤ 5 × 103/μL may be appropriate in select patients. Pharmacotherapy and cardiac monitoring are effective in the management of cardiac complications.
Inhibition of Sphingosine Kinase 1 Ameliorates Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Inhibits Transmembrane Calcium Entry via Store-Operated Calcium Channel
Authors: Wilson Parker C. , Fitzgibbon Wayne R. , Garrett Sara M. , Jaffa Ayad A. , Luttrell Louis M. , Brands Michael W. , El-Shewy Hesham M.
Published: April 2015

Angiotensin II (AngII) plays a critical role in the regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure mainly via regulation of Ca2+ mobilization. Several reports have implicated sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1)/sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ through a yet-undefined mechanism. Here we demonstrate that AngII-induces biphasic calcium entry in vascular smooth muscle cells, consisting of an immediate peak due to inositol tris-phosphate-dependent release of intracellular calcium, followed by a sustained transmembrane Ca2+ influx through store-operated calcium channels (SOCs). Inhibition of SK1 attenuates the second phase of transmembrane Ca2+ influx, suggesting a role for SK1 in AngII-dependent activation of SOC. Intracellular S1P triggers SOC-dependent Ca2+ influx independent of S1P receptors, whereas external application of S1P stimulated S1P receptor-dependent Ca2+ influx that is insensitive to inhibitors of SOCs, suggesting that the SK1/S1P axis regulates store-operated calcium entry via intracellular rather than extracellular actions. Genetic deletion of SK1 significantly inhibits both the acute hypertensive response to AngII in anaesthetized SK1 knockout mice and the sustained hypertensive response to continuous infusion of AngII in conscious animals. Collectively these data implicate SK1 as the missing link that connects the angiotensin AT1A receptor to transmembrane Ca2+ influx and identify SOCs as a potential intracellular target for SK1.
Optical and Cognitive Illusions: The MIT Visualizing Cultures Controversy in Spring 2006
Authors: Elman Benjamin A.
Published: April 2015

The “rise of China” narrative in the twenty-first century is replacing the long-standing “rise of Japan” story line of the twentieth century. This article examines the role of wars in redirecting public opinion and, in particular, the effect of the 1894–95 war in refracting Qing Dynasty (1644–1911) reforms since the 1860s into “failures” and contemporary Meiji (1868–1912) reforms into “successes.” To grasp this dramatic reversal, we need new interpretations of the 1894–95 Sino-Japanese War that will unravel the Japanese and global propaganda that engulfed the world press in this “Social Darwinian” era of scrambling empires out of which the “rise of Japan” and the “fall of China” narratives emerged.

Challenging this standard narrative, the article uses Meiji woodblock prints of the war to demonstrate how “optical illusions” were constructed to support a Japanese master-narrative of Qing “backwardness,” which influenced not only Europeans and US citizens but also modern Chinese reformers and revolutionaries in their efforts to fashion a “new” China that would one day catch up with and surpass Japan. This 1895 reversal of narratives lies in the background of the 2006 MIT controversy, namely, the current “great reversal” occurring between Japan and China. The MIT controversy thus serves as an indicator of a sea change in the global perceptions of China and Japan in the present day. The current reversal that sparked the MIT controversy must be understood in light of a new historical context that has challenged a perennial Japan-centered perspective since 1895, namely, that the Japanese are the dominant power, culture, and people in East Asia.

The rise of a China-centered narrative since the late 1990s has superseded the assumed preeminence of Japan in Asia, a preeminence that began in the aftermath of what the Japanese misrepresented as the so-called “First” Sino-Japanese War. Japanese accounts since 1895 have conveniently repressed Toyotomi Hideyoshi's 1592 invasion of Korea, for example, which touched off the actual first Sino-Japanese War and led to the unilateral withdrawal of Japan's troops from the Korean peninsula. Hideyoshi's defeat was displaced as a false start in Sino-Japanese relations after 1895.
Lantern Slide Moments and the Taught Subject, 1906 and 2006
Authors: Wong Winnie Won Yin
Published: April 2015

This article explores the correspondences between Lu Xun's famous “lantern slide moment” at Sendai Medical Academy in Japan in 1906, and the Visualizing Cultures student protest at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 2006. In both incidents, wartime images of Japanese military execution of Chinese prisoners of war were displayed in a pedagogical context, instigating textual protests on the part of Chinese students studying abroad. This article analyzes the two institutional contexts of display, the two images of wartime execution, the pedagogical uses of images and narrative, and the visual rhetoric of compulsory witnessing. Reflecting on the historical continuities between the two incidents, this article shows how the 2006 MIT controversy anticipated the authorial and participatory challenges faced by present-day digital online pedagogy platforms.
Image/Text::Text/Image
Authors: Hevia James L.
Published: April 2015

The Visualizing Culture controversy demonstrated the ongoing struggle in East Asia over the meaning of the twentieth-century conflicts between Japan and neighboring countries. Critics demanded that the images of Japanese and Qing soldiers required narrative context, but narratives differ substantially in Japan as opposed to its former colonies. The controversy also points to the explosion in publications and on the Web of visual imagery from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The ability to publish photographs at low cost means that those who do so should recognize that the image is not neutral; images have a malleable rhetorical force that defies reduction to a stable meaning.
How Chinese Are You? Or, It Could Have Been Me
Authors: Barlow Tani
Published: April 2015

This essay raises for discussion complicated issues of political community, political action, racial identification, and moral panic. Barlow's commentary on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) controversy asks why identification with brutal images seems to lead no further than ritualized failure to misread or disavow the ideological positioning that instigates recrimination. Barlow argues that this journal issue is an important opportunity to rethink automatic response and to seek better, more clear and compelling alternatives to repetitive, racialized, nationalist moral panic.
Textualizing Cultures: Thinking beyond the MIT Controversy
Authors: Callahan William A.
Published: April 2015

This essay examines how the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) controversy hardened identities in terms of the time-worn template of geopolitical conflict of national stereotypes. It critically analyzes the Chinese students' response to the Visualizing Cultures project by putting it in the context of the People's Republic of China's (PRC) patriotic education policy that securitizes culture by focusing on identity as difference in a zero-sum game that distinguishes civilization from barbarism, and China from the rest of the world. It critically analyzes the professors' response to the controversy by highlighting how meaning is not only produced by the author; it is also consumed by various audiences that bring diverse sets of experiences into meaning making. It concludes that the controversy is less about content and more about who controls knowledge production and distribution.
Go Baobao! Image-Driven Nationalism, Generation Post-1980s, and Mainland Students in Hong Kong
Authors: Qiu Jack Linchuan
Published: April 2015

This article provides a historical overview of image-driven nationalism with special emphasis attached to (a) the transforming culture of online nationalism that underlies college-student forums such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology bulletin board system (MIT BBS), which by 2006 had formed close relationships with major commercial forums championing anti-Japanese nationalism as a populist strategy, and (b) the generation of Chinese born after 1980 (80 hou) and their identity politics, illustrated by a discussion on those who are university students in Hong Kong. In so doing, this article maintains that visual images have become increasingly central to Chinese online nationalism and youth politics in cyberspace, both in online forums and among the post-1980s generation. It also attempts to establish an overall descriptive and explanatory account through which the Visualizing Cultures dispute can be better contextualized and understood. The issues at stake are not only technological, nor are they restricted to the structural transformations of educational institutions such as the growing popularity of e-learning platforms. To fully examine today's Chinese online nationalism and the critical centrality of visual images therein, one must also consider the generational characteristics of present-day college students, cultural formations in their online communities, their family backgrounds, global networking, and particular societal factors, including educational settings.
Reframing the Visualizing Cultures Controversy: Let's Talk about the Digital Medium
Authors: Wang Jing
Published: April 2015

This think piece returns the MIT controversy to an analytical frame that was largely ignored in 2006—the digital. Online reading habits have changed the ways of how we navigate the Web. Surfing through hyperlinks gave rise to decontextualization and the decoupling of images from their explanatory texts. The MIT controversy opened our eyes not only to the destabilizing effect of knowledge production in the digital era but also the perils of participatory culture online. The 2006 debate also drove home the crisis about online publishing: materials published online are never going to be completely acceptable to a “global audience” who straddles across diverse ethnic, cultural, religious, national, and ideological borders. Running through this piece is a complementary theme—the “racialization of point of view”—which further tied the participants of this controversy to a polarizing, dichotomous positioning of “us” versus “them” and “Free America” versus “Red China,” from which an internationalist position was difficult to emerge.
Resonance Raman Spectroscopy with Chemical State Selectivity on Histidine and Acetamide Using Synchrotron Radiation
Authors: Saito Makina , D’Amico Francesco , Camisasca Gaia , Bencivenga Filippo , Cucini Riccardo , Gessini Alessandro , Principi Emiliano , Ogura Takashi , Masciovecchio Claudio
Published: April 2015

We report on ultraviolet resonance Raman scattering experiments carried out on two model substances: histidine and acetamide using a UV synchrotron radiation source. In the case of aqueous histidine solution each protonated state of histidine tautomers was selectively excited by tuning the incident wavelength and the vibrational state of each protonated state was studied. We also demonstrated that the local pH condition of histidine can be identified directly from the spectra above pH 9. In the case of acetamide, the resonance Raman bands of acetamide with a stronger hydrogen bond at the NH2 site and weaker hydrogen bond at the C=O site were selectively observed. These findings will extend the selectivity and sensitivity of RR spectroscopy that is helpful to understanding protein functionality.
Use of Modified Self-Frictional Laguerre Power Series for Study of Atomic Nuclear Attraction Integrals of Noninteger Slater-Type Orbitals and Coulomb–Yukawa-Like Potentials
Authors: Guseinov I I
Published: April 2015

Using complete orthonormal L(α*)-modified self-frictional Laguerre polynomials (L(α*)-MSFLPs) in standard convention introduced by the author, the expressions for transformation of χ-noninteger Slater type orbitals (χ-NISTOs) and V-noninteger Coulomb–Yukawa-like potentials (V-NICYPs) to the MSF Laguerre power series are suggested, where α* are the integer (α* = α, −∞ < α ≤ 2) or noninteger (α* ≠ α, −∞ < α* < 3) SF quantum numbers. By the use of these power series, the atomic nuclear attraction integrals of χ-NISTOs and V-NICYPs are evaluated. The convergence and accuracy of obtained MSF Laguerre power series are tested by calculating concrete cases.
The influence of light and water mass on bacterial population dynamics in the Amundsen Sea Polynya
Authors: Richert Inga , Dinasquet Julie , Logares Ramiro , Riemann Lasse , Yager Patricia L. , Wendeberg Annelie , Bertilsson Stefan
Published: April 2015

Despite being perpetually cold, seasonally ice-covered and dark, the coastal Southern Ocean is highly productive and harbors a diverse microbiota. During the austral summer, ice-free coastal patches (or polynyas) form, exposing pelagic organisms to sunlight, triggering intense phytoplankton blooms. This strong seasonality is likely to influence bacterioplankton community composition (BCC). For the most part, we do not fully understand the environmental drivers controlling high-latitude BCC and the biogeochemical cycles they mediate. In this study, the Amundsen Sea Polynya was used as a model system to investigate important environmental factors that shape the coastal Southern Ocean microbiota. Population dynamics in terms of occurrence and activity of abundant taxa was studied in both environmental samples and microcosm experiments by using 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes. We found that the BCC in the photic epipelagic zone had low richness, with dominant bacterial populations being related to taxa known to benefit from high organic carbon and nutrient loads (copiotrophs). In contrast, the BCC in deeper mesopelagic water masses had higher richness, featuring taxa known to benefit from low organic carbon and nutrient loads (oligotrophs). Incubation experiments indicated that direct impacts of light and competition for organic nutrients are two important factors shaping BCC in the Amundsen Sea Polynya.
Warning: care home system in crisis
Authors: Learner Sue
Published: April 2015

Three of the largest care operators in the UK are warning of a crisis for care homes. With cuts to public spending, they argue that homes will close unless there are significant improvements
How to…care for an older person with a stoma
Authors: Burch Jennie
Published: April 2015

In this article, Jennifer Burch advises care home staff how to care for someone with a stoma. With different types of stoma and stoma appliance, it is important to know how to adapt treatment to each individual and use appliances correctly
Music mirrors: a resource for communication and reminiscence
Authors: Edwards Heather
Published: April 2015

In this article Heather Edwards relates how Music Mirrors, simple digital resources, can be used to help and stimulate those with dementia, whether by encouraging engagement or by sparking personal memories
The importance of innovation in care homes
Authors: Candy Maggie
Published: April 2015

In this article Maggie Candy explores the many innovative and exciting ways to promote health and wellbeing; whether it's taking part in music or doll therapy, creating a memory box or practising yoga
Payroll: the new playground for form-fillers
Authors: Piper Jason
Published: April 2015

Real Time Information (RTI) and pensions auto-enrolment represent a huge shake-up for employee payroll. Low pay and high turnover in some parts of the care home sector can makes things even more complicated. Jason Piper looks for ways to ease the headache
The cost of care: charging reform within the Care Act 2014
Authors: Barrett Caroline
Published: April 2015

The cost of social care is a hot and contentious topic. So will the proposed reforms to the Care Act reduce the cost of care for most people? Caroline Barrett investigates
Complaints: a force for improvement?
Authors: Frankova Helena
Published: April 2015

Reports from Which? and the Care Quality Commission (CQC) underline what the best providers have always known. They must act on complaints swiftly to make positive changes for service users. This article outlines the issues and what providers must consider
Taking advantage of early childhood education and care: the priorities of low-income families in their children’s early years
Authors: Skattebol Jennifer
Published: April 2015

It is now accepted that high-quality early childhood education and care (ECEC) can bring lasting benefits to children from disadvantaged contexts. However, a significant number of families with young children who are disadvantaged find it difficult to take up resources in the ECEC system. As governments all over the world heed arguments that ECEC is a prudent social investment, it is useful to consider the service system from the perspective of the families targeted by these logics. Outside of the United Kingdom, the question of how families make moral and practical decisions about their use of ECEC has received relatively little attention. This article draws on an Australian study, which explored how families who were disadvantaged imagined strong childrearing environments and then used services to progress this vision. These perspectives complicate and challenge social investment approaches that predominantly focus on the provision of childcare or preschool subsidies and places as a way of redressing social disadvantage. Many participants wanted to establish family stability and adequate material and social resources before participating in early years education. Investment in community development is an important mechanism for addressing service exclusion.
Producing a meaningful difference: The significance of small creative acts in composing within online participatory remix practices
Authors: Michielse Maarten , Partti Heidi
Published: April 2015

Online remix competitions focus strongly on community interaction, creative production and sharing, and can be seen as manifestations of an emergent musical participatory culture within which participants collectively generate and rework cultural content. This article engages in a theoretical exploration of the ways in which participants of online remix contests collectively discuss and exchange different takes on a single song, and how they appraise small similarities and differences in these derivative works. The concept of the small creative act offers a heuristic lens through which to investigate online participatory remix practices. Examples from a recent ethnographic study of the international IndabaMusic.com online remix platform illustrate how online remix contests enable the development of aural discernment through novel forms of access to the field of musical works, encourage growth into expertise through a collective and participatory form of appropriation and provide the means for making meaningful differences through the constant repositioning of oneself relative to others in the remix community. Finally, the article discusses the implications that practices based on the idea of the small creative act have for learning to compose in online remix communities.
Participatory and digital cultures in practice: Perspectives and possibilities in a graduate music course
Authors: Tobias Evan S.
Published: April 2015

Music educators seeking to address contemporary society might look to existing and emerging ways that people engage with music. Participatory culture(s) as discussed primarily in media studies and related fields offers a fruitful context for expanding music education. This study addresses graduate music students’ perspectives on integrating expressions and circulations related to participatory culture in music education settings. Participants described musical expressions such as appropriating or transforming existing music as having creative and learning potential. Participants also expressed how students’ creative expressions in the form of appropriating music could be meaningful and empowering. Participants experienced challenges ranging from difficulty envisioning concrete applications of participatory culture in existing curricular structures such as large ensembles, to unresolved perspectives of related ethical, legal, philosophical and pedagogical issues. Findings suggest that media and musical skills specific to participatory culture along with related understanding and dispositions are important for its realization in music education.
Participation in the School Orchestra and String Teachers Facebook v2 group: An online community of practice
Authors: Palmquist Jane E. , Barnes Gail V.
Published: April 2015

The School Orchestra and String Teachers v2 (SOST v2) Facebook group is a self-directed online community of practice. In this study we describe the posting behaviour of SOST v2 members during the initial eighteen months of its launch on Facebook. Analysis of member-initiated posts (N=1,676) revealed the following:

• Nearly 22 per cent of SOST v2 members contributed posts.

• Repertoire (n=276), teaching advice (n=252) and links to articles and websites (n=231) were the most frequently posted topics.

• SOST v2 members represent Canada, Hong Kong, Morocco, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States.

School orchestra and string teachers have formed a viable community of practice on Facebook. Facebook groups provide a means by which music teachers may form a network for informal learning for music teachers and communicate easily with peers across the world. The challenges and potential of social media research are discussed.
Acceso abierto y su repercusión en la Sociedad del Conocimiento: Reflexiones de casos prácticos en Latinoamérica
Authors: Ramírez Montoya María Soledad
Published: April 2015

En una sociedad cambiante, el acceso abierto puede representar una alternativa de crecimiento y recursos para la comunidad educativa, desde las posibilidades que da a los estudiantes, hasta los profesores, investigadores y gestores de instituciones educativas. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las oportunidades y retos que da el acceso abierto para la comunidad educativa, a través de la presentación de una visión conceptual y de casos prácticos en América Latina, con respecto al tema de los recursos educativos abiertos, los repositorios, revistas y políticas de acceso abierto –de las universidades y del gobierno o agencias de financiación– y su vinculación con una sociedad del conocimiento. Las conclusiones se presentan en torno a tres elementos clave: posibilidades, retos y oportunidades en el acceso abierto para la sociedad del conocimiento.
La caída de los muros del conocimiento en la sociedad digital y las pedagogías emergentes
Authors: Gros Begoña
Published: April 2015

Este artículo sostiene que una de las consecuencias más importantes de la sociedad del conocimiento es la transformación de los espacios y lugares para el aprendizaje. Consideramos el aprendizaje “sin costuras”, la ubicuidad y los entornos personales de aprendizaje como pilares fundamentales de los nuevos espacios formativos. Las pedagogías que emergen deben posibilitar la eliminación de los muros del conocimiento dotando a las personas de la capacidad suficiente para enfrentarse a un aprendizaje a lo largo y ancho de la vida. Para ello, sostenemos que es necesario el desarrollo de una pedagogía mucho más transparente y basada en el diseño del aprendizaje. En este artículo abordamos el significado actual del conocimiento y los cambios que suponen el lugar y los tiempos para el aprendizaje a través de la caracterización del aprendizaje. Finalmente, establecemos las características y dimensiones de las pedagogías que emergen para posibilitar la eliminación de los muros del conocimiento.
How to run a successful and educational basketball camp
Authors: LeMar Brooke , Deutsch Joe
Published: April 2015

Camps are a great introduction to the sport of basketball for children. Universities and colleges usually offer different types of camps, typically during the summer months. Depending on the skill and maturity level of the player, basketball camps can serve a variety of purposes. Some popular types of camps include offensive skills, shooting, team, and youth camps. Regardless of the camp that is chosen, children need to have goals set for themselves before, during, and after to enhance the benefits. Each camper should have the opportunity to grow and develop as a basketball player as well as an individual. Running a successful camp is not only rewarding for the coaches, but for the players and campers too, which ultimately leads to the campers choosing to come back every year.
More than a Feeling: Emotional Contagion Effects in Persuasive Communication
Authors: Hasford Jonathan , Hardesty David M. , Kidwell Blair
Published: April 2015

The authors develop an affect-as-information model to explain how targeted emotions used in persuasion can influence unrelated products and brands that are presented nearby. In Study 1, the presence of an emotion-eliciting image affected consumer spending on unrelated products in a simulated retail environment. In Study 2, emotional processing ability and whether consumers monitored their feelings moderated emotional transfers between unrelated advertisements, providing support for an affect-as-information model. In Studies 3 and 4, the authors use the context of evaluative conditioning to generalize the incidence of emotional contagion in persuasive communication. They manipulate salience of affect and whether brand attitudes were measured or primed to provide additional evidence for and extend affect-as-information theory.