bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriações a partir de uma conversa com Ernesto Oroza
Authors: Lopes Maria Fernanda de Mello , Pinheiro Amálio
Published: November 2020

Entrevista realizada com o artista e designer cubano Ernesto Oroza. Trata-se de uma conversa que se deu em mais de um momento e que, por isso, ao parecer, mais do que uma transcrição, requer o conceito de transcriação, conforme desenvolvido por Haroldo de Campos, por não consistir mais apenas em uma entrevista fiel ao seu primeiro roteiro, que foi anteriormente usado de maneira desviada da planejada. A conversação gira em torno da pesquisa de Oroza: enquanto comenta sua prática, o designer traça também um pano de fundo sobre o contexto cubano, discorrendo acerca de suas ferramentas, seus métodos de criação e de investigação. As perguntas se ativeram a algumas de suas produções, em especial o projeto Desobediência Tecnológica, exposto no ano de 2015 na Caixa Cultural de Recife, um trabalho que é aqui pensado em relação à ideia de gambiarra no Brasil.
Profile of users of the oral health service in Comendador Levy Gasparian/RJ
Authors: Melo Renata Patrícia Pereira de , Silva Natália Leal da , Machado Fátima Lúcia Cartaxo , Souza Rafael de
Published: November 2020

The health of teeth and the oral cavity affects people’s quality of life, as it interferes with the ability to eat, communicate, aesthetics and prevent other diseases. The aim of this research is to identify the profile of users of oral health services in basic health units in the municipality of Comendador Levy Gasparian/RJ. The study population was composed of all users of the dental service of the municipality and the sample size for collection used a nonparametric sampling of the type for convenience. The research was carried out using the quantitative approach and data analysis using Descriptive Statistics. To facilitate analysis and compression, graphs were constructed with univary and bidata data. The results showed women, young people, the elderly, people of the yellow race and patients with Higher Education represent groups that least use the dental services of the municipality and strategies that attract such audiences can increase access to the service. The units near the urban center of the municipality received a larger number of participants.
Il cervello bilingue: processi cerebrali durante l’acquisizione del linguaggio
Authors: Gabriotti Rafaela Bepe , Zomignan Rosângela
Published: November 2020

Questo lavoro è uno studio sull’acquisizione del linguaggio, sui processi cerebrali coinvolti durante la sua acquisizione e il bilinguismo. L’obiettivo di questa ricerca è quello di capire meglio come due lingue stanno imparando contemporaneamente, in modo che possiamo essere meglio preparati ad assistere i bambini durante l’acquisizione linguistica, nonché a sostenere l’insegnante e la famiglia attraverso la base teorica. Aspetti come l’organizzazione corticale del linguaggio, le differenze tra il cervello bilingue, rispetto al cervello monolingue, e l’influenza dell’interazione sociale sull’apprendimento linguistico sono spiegati in questo lavoro per fornire un’ampia visione dell’acquisizione di lingue bilingue. Per questo studio, abbiamo scelto di utilizzare la ricerca bibliografica della letteratura straniera, perché non sono stati trovati abbastanza materiali nei portoghesi che coprivano le aree di studio contemplate. I risultati mostrano come il cervello elabora l’acquisizione del linguaggio, mostra la differenza tra l’apprendimento di due lingue contemporaneamente e in sequenza, e presenta come i fattori sociali e la lingua sono associati.
معاملة النصارى في ضوء السيرة النبوية، نصارى نجران نموذجا
Authors: Bin Abu Hassan Muhammad Ikram
Published: November 2020

Islam is a religion came to bring people from darkness to light However, the principle of compulsion in religion is one of the basic principles in Islam. The country is not without Muslim countries of non-Muslims of different religions, especially the Christians, and hence the problem arises in the knowledge of how best to deal with the perception that they are the people of the book. This research aims to know how to deal with the Prophet peace be upon him through his dealings with the Christians Najran in his reign peace be upon him. As well as aims to reveal the charters that took place between the Prophet and the Christians of Najran. This research was followed by an inductive analytical method through induction and analysis of texts from modern and biographies. The results found that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to deal with them and give them the right to live, equality, and so on. This indicates that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was greedy to invite them into Islam. And also because of this policy prevailed security and stability in the region and the safest of the safest of the Christians because of the wisdom of the Prophet peace be upon him. This research should be used by students of science and Islamic countries in their dealings with Christians and other Muslims.
Przeciwdziałanie unikaniu opodatkowania
Authors: Gomułowicz Andrzej
Published: November 2020

Klauzula przeciw unikaniu opodatkowania narusza zasady ustrojowe, które stanowią o respektowaniu przez prawodawcę zasady demokratycznego państwa prawnego (art. 2 Konstytucji). Neguje, i to w sposób oczywisty, jaskrawy, treść zasady zaufania do państwa i stanowionego przez nie prawa podatkowego. Oznacza to, że klauzula stoi w sprzeczności z art. 2 Konstytucji w zw. z art. 31 ust. 3 Konstytucji. Tym samym, został złamany konstytucyjny nakaz, który zobowiązuje prawodawcę do precyzyjnego, tj. jednoznacznego w treści, zakresu i przesłanek dopuszczalnej ingerencji w prawa podmiotowe podatnika. Arbitralne wkroczenie w wolności gwarantowane Konstytucją, w tym wolności gospodarcze, jest tym bardziej niebezpieczne dla podatnika, że przyjęte w klauzuli unormowania proceduralne, które mają chronić podatnika przed nadużyciem stosowania klauzuli, są tylko pozorne i mają charakter złudy prawnej. A to narusza zasadę wzajemnej lojalności w relacjach państwo–podatnik. Klauzula ma kwalifikowane wady, albowiem: a) nie zapewnia bezpieczeństwa prawnego podatnikowi, b) nie respektuje zasady określoności przepisów prawa podatkowego, c) nie respektuje zasady wzajemnej lojalności w relacjach państwo a podatnik, d) narusza także zasadę zaufania do państwa i stanowionego przez nie prawa podatkowego. Z winy prawodawcy konstrukcja prawna klauzuli jest niejasna, nieprecyzyjna, wieloznaczna, a to stwarza niepewność, co do praw i obowiązków podatnika, a zatem stwarza podstawy do arbitralnych rozstrzygnięć organów podatkowych, albowiem swoboda luzu decyzyjnego organu podatkowego jest nadmierna.
水利工程空间数据采集处理及专题地图编制技术研究
Authors: 南 永天
Published: November 2020

开展水利工程空间数据采集处理，并将成果以专题地图等多种形式向社会公众进行宣传和应用推广是一项很重要的工作。开展水利工程多个专项要素对象的空间位置分布及业务属性信息全面核查，了解水务行业能力建设情况，摸清城市经济社会用水状况，将为经济社会发展提供可靠的基础水信息保障[1]。
水利工程施工管理特点及质量控制措施分析
Authors: 肖 依
Published: November 2020

近年来，我国社会经济整体水平得到了全面的提升，从而为水利工程建设工作的快速发展创造了良好的基础。水利工程属于国家基础设施中的一部分，水利工程施工质量与社会的和谐发展存在密切的关联。全面的落实水利工程施工质量管理工作，加大力度针对工程施工工作进行全面管理和监督，利用有效的方式方法来促进水利工程各项施工工作有序的开展，从根本上对水利工程施工安全性加以保障。这篇文章主要针对水利工程施工管理工作以及质量控制工作展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国水利工程施工质量的提升有所帮助。
浅议水利工程的灌溉管理
Authors: 白 占军
Published: November 2020

当前社会的社会经济水平发展越发迅速，科学技术的发展也越发开阔，西藏水文工作有了更大的发展机遇也面临更大的技术挑战，在工作要求方面对于水文工作的专业性要求也逐步提高。文中结合西藏区域当下的水文信息发展现状，进行介绍和分析，阐明西藏水文信息化未来发展的方向。
水文水资源管理对防洪减灾的意义
Authors: 刘 彦飞 , 郭 飞燕
Published: November 2020

在最近的今年时间里，我国社会经济得到了良好的发展，在这个过程中，大量的资源被开发利用，从而导致资源匮乏的问题越发的凸现出来。就现如今实际情况来说，我国水资源治理工作中还存在诸多的问题，并且防洪减灾形势十分的严峻，这样就对我国水文水资源管理工作提出了更高的要求。经过大量的调查分析我们发现，导致水文水资源污染问题的主要根源就是因为我国工业产业的发展以及民众生活所导致的，最终也会对我国水资源治理工作的开展形成了严重的阻碍。针对上述问题，我们应当加大力度全面落实水资源治理工作，尽可能的避免洪灾的发生。这篇文章主要针对水文水资源管理对防洪减灾中的作用展开全面深入的分析研究，希望能够对我国社会和谐稳定发展有所帮助。
水利工程施工中堤防防渗技术的应用研究
Authors: 山 世成 , 赵 子超
Published: November 2020

在各种基础设施中，水利工程的重要性毋庸置疑。无论是生产活动还是日常生活，水利工程都能够产生非常重要的影响。但是在施工和使用过程中，堤坝渗漏一直是导致水利设施使用安全性与使用寿命快速降低的重要原因之一。为预防和控制这一问题，文中针对当下比较常用的水利工程施工中堤防防渗技术及其在施工过程中的应用进行了比较细致的研究。通过本研究，希望能够帮助水利工程施工企业进一步提升堤坝防渗漏水平，提升水利工程的质量和使用安全性。
水利工程施工现场管理存在的问题及应对措施
Authors: 买买托 合托
Published: November 2020

在我国社会快速发展的带动下，使得我国经济水平得到了显著的提升，在这个过程中水利工程行业发挥出来巨大的影响作用。水利工程不但能够起到推动国家综合国力不断提升的作用，并且其与民众的生活水平的提升也存在密切的关联，所以为了切实的将水利工程项目的作用发挥出来，最为重要的就是要重视水利工程管理制度的制定，并且要从各个细节入手来对工程各项施工工作加以监督，为水利工程建设管理工作的有序开展创作良好的基础。在实际组织开展水利工程建设工作的过程中，务必要充分结合各方面实际情况来制定针对性的工程施工现场管理方案，切实的对工程施工质量加以保障，为我国水利工程行业的良好发展起到积极的辅助作用。
Validation of the HPLC-UV Method for Quantitative Determination of Steroid Sapogenin Diosgenin from Hay Fenugreek Seeds, Trigonella Foenum-graecum L.
Authors: Sukhanov A. E. , Stavrianidi A. N. , Kubasova E. D. , Panasyuk A. S. , Buyuklinskaya O. V.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Modern pharmacognostic research is aimed at searching for plant biologically active individual compounds (hereinafter referred to as RBAIS) isolated from plant extracts.

Aim. Validation of HPLC-UV quantitative determination of sapogenin diosgenin in plant extracts from fenugreek seeds.

Materials and methods. The object of study was raw materials-fenugreek seeds produced as medicinal plant raw materials by LLC «Sage» (Irkutsk). Validation of the method was carried out according to the parameters: specificity, linearity, correctness, precision in accordance with the requirements of SP XIV. One series of medicinal plant raw materials was used for the analysis, such as serial number – 010117, release date – 15 february 2017.

Results and discussion. Validation characteristics were determined and their compliance with the necessary acceptance criteria was experimentally confirmed.

Conclusion. It is established that the developed method of identification and quantitative determination of diosgenin in fenugreek seed extracts by HPLC-UV is correct, precise, specific and linear in the analytical field.
Quantitative Determination of Benzalconium Chloride in the Naltrexone Hydrochloride Nasal Spray
Authors: Domnina Yu. M. , Suslov V. V. , Kedik S. A. , Vorfolomeeva E. V. , Meleshko A. V.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Benzalkonium chloride is widely used as a conservation agent in medicines. For quantitative determination, the methods described in the European and American Pharmacopoeias by chromatography using columns with nitrile sorbent are often used. However, in order to unify the methods and simplify the quality control technology in the production process, it is advisable to adapt the existing methods for new goals and objectives.

Aim. To develop a method for the quantitative determination of benzalkonium chloride in a nasal spray containing a thermosensitive polymer Poloxamer 407 and validate it.

Materials and methods. As an object of research, a naltrexone hydrochloride nasal spray was used. The quantitative determination of naltrexone in the test sample was developed using a Dionex UltiMate 3000 high-performance liquid chromatograph (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) equipped with a diode-matrix detector.

Results and discussion. The paper explored the possibility of using an earlier developed method for the quantitative determination of naltrexone hydrochloride for the quantitative determination of benzalkonium chloride in the composition of a nasal spray. Based on the results obtained, changes were made to the quantitative determination method, and the sample preparation of the samples under study was adapted.

Conclusion. As a result of the studies carried out, the most acceptable conditions for the preparation of the nasal spray for the quantitative determination of the preservative were selected. The developed technique provides for the chromatographic conditions previously used for the determination of naltrexone hydrochloride, which makes it possible to use the equipment as efficiently as possible in the analysis of the finished drug. The method has been validated and its specificity, linearity, correctness and precision have been proven.
The Modern Concepts of Pharmaceutical Development in the Context of the Transition to a Uniform Regulation of Medicinal Products Circulation
Authors: Feofilova A. E. , Foteeva A. V. , Rostova N. B.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. At the stage of transition from national to a uniform of circulation of pharmaceutical products regulation at the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) framework, harmonization of requirements for the development of medicines determines the need of use modern approaches, including the use of new methods and tools, thus to assure EAEU and other integration associations markets entry for effective and safe medicinal products. The new medicinal products development model, described in the ICH guidelines (The International Conference of Harmonization), involves a science-based approach to developing, using appropriate tools, such as defining a target product profile, establishing of critical quality indicators, risk assessment, establishment of design space, development of control strategy, drug lifecycle management and continuous improvement of existing processes. These approaches and techniques are not a part of the traditional paradigm of pharmaceutical development; although they are poorly understood and expensive, they are ensure the market entry of effective products with the desired quality parameters.

Aim. Main purposes of this work are to compare two concepts of pharmaceutical developmentof medicinal products: traditional and improved, and to consider the necessity of new model usingin generic products development.

Materials and methods. Research materials of this study were available literature sources, regulatory documents and guidelines regarding pharmaceutical products development, registration dossier documents, reports of regulatory authorities, pharmaceutical development reports. The achieving of study purposes was carried out on the basis of scientific research methods in the framework of comparative and logical analysis, and through the analysis and interpretation of the obtained data regarding pharmaceutical development of medicinal products.

Results and discussion. On the basis of the data provided, author assess that modern concept it is a new, improved tool for development of medicinal products with specified quality parameters.

Conclusion. The modern paradigm requires new expensive methods, stuff special knowledge and skills, investment and time, but it is effectively oriented on development of effective and safe medicinal products.
Phase Equilibrium of Biologically Active Systems 4,6-dinitro-5,7-dichlorobenzofuroxane and 5-nitro-4,6-dichlorobenzofuroxane
Authors: Yusupova L. M. , Khuziakhmetova A. N. , Gorelova E. G. , Mingazova V. K. , Galkina I. V.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. One of the intensive ways to increase the therapeutic efficacy and safety of a drug is a combination of several already known substances or chemical compounds, leading to the appearance of a synergistic effect. This method of creating a medicinal product is one of the most important trends in recent times, since the synergistic effect allows one to achieve greater pharmacological activity, expand the range of medical applications and reduce the toxic effect of the drug on the organism. These pharmaceutical active substances include a binary mixture "Dimixan"(mixture 4,6-dinitro-5,7-dichlorobenzofuroxan (4,6-DNDHBFO) and 5-nitro-4,6-dichlorobenzofuroxan (5-NDHBFO). They demonstrate potentiated synergism to the ultra-resistant mold fungus of the species Aspergillius niger. However, the synergy mechanism of the mixture of 5-NDHBFO and 4,6-DNDHBFO is not fully studied. The results of determining the thermodynamic characteristics and phase equilibria in these systems will make it possible to determine the nature of the interaction between 5-NDCBPO and 4,6-DNDCBPO, which will undoubtedly contribute to the optimal organization of the production of a promising drug.

Aim. Establishing the nature of the interaction between 5-NDHBFO and 4,6-DNDHBFO in the system.

Materials and methods. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), phase equilibria in the 5-NDHBFO and 4,6-DNDHBFO systems were studied in a wide range of component concentrations. From the state diagram, the thermodynamic characteristics of the eutectic were determined: the enthalpy and entropy of melting of mixtures of 5-NDHBFO – 4,6-DNDHBFO at different ratios of components.

Results and discussion. Based on the results of the study, phase reactions with the physicochemical interaction of 5-NDHBFO and 4,6-DNDHBFO in two-component systems with the formation of eutectic alloys of the "solid solution" type are identified. The specific values of the enthalpies of melting of alloys of eutectic compositions were determined, from which the entropies of melting were calculated. The results of a study of the density of eutectic compositions of 5-NDHBFO – 4,6-DNDHBFO indicate the formation of an interstitial solid solution.

Conclusion. The nature of the interaction between 5-NDHBFO and 4,6-DNDHBFO in the system, leading to the appearance of a synergy effect, has been established. The results obtained are important for predicting the eutectic compositions of 5-NDHBFO and 4,6-DNDHBFO as active pharmaceutical ingredient with increased biological activity.
Development and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of Tablets Based on the Poorly Water-soluble Substance 1-[2-(2-benzoylphenoxy)ethyl]-6-methyluracil
Authors: Demchenko D. V. , Jain (Korsakova) E. A. , Balabanyan V. Yu. , Makarova M. N. , Makarov V. G.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. 1-[2-(2-benzoylphenoxy)ethyl]-6-methyluracil is a substance of scientific interest intended for the treatment of HIV-infection. However, its low bioavailability is a major limitation in successful drug delivery by oral route. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to enhance itssolubility by using solid dispersion technique followed by the development of a solid dosage form.

Aim. Development of the composition and technology of tablets based on 1- [2-(2-benzoylphenoxy)ethyl]-6-methyluracil with the appropriate technological properties providing the most complete release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in vitro.

Materials and methods. The pharmaceutical substance 1-[2-(2-benzoylphenoxy) ethyl]-6-methyluracil is a crystalline powder with poor solubility. Solid dispersions were prepared using Lactose, Kollidon® 17PF, Kollidon® 30, Kollidon® VA64, Kollidon 90F, and PEG-6000 as a carrier mostly in 1:4 ratio by two methods – co-melting and solvent evaporation. The technological properties of substance, tablet masses and tablet quality were determined according to the methods described in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (14th edition).

Results and discussion. Article shows the results of development of the composition and technology of a medicine in the form of tablets based on the substance 1-[2-(2-benzoylphenoxy)ethyl]-6-methyluracil. Solid dispersion technique was used to improve the biopharmaceutical properties of 1-[2-(2-benzoylphenoxy)ethyl]-6-methyluracil.

Conclusion. In vitro dissolution studies showed enhanced dissolution rate of the drug-loaded solid dispersion with Kollidon 17PF as a carrier as compared to pure drug.
Development of Thermoreversible Dental Gel with Berberine
Authors: Palvinskiy A. G. , Bakhrushina E. O. , Kozlova Z. M. , Sinitsyna A. A. , Krasnyuk I. I.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Dental gel is one of the modern dosage forms with optimal biopharmaceutical properties for the treatment and prevention of oral diseases An isoquinoline alkaloid berberine is the promising active substance with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect, capable of forming stable dispersed systems with gel-forming components. It is noteworthy that, despite the pronounced antimicrobial activity of the alkaloid berberine, there is currently no dental dosage form with this component on the pharmaceutical market, and therefore research in this direction is of great interest.

Aim. Selection of the optimal technology for obtaining dental gel with berberine for the treatment of oral diseases.

Materials and methods. Berberine bisulfate (manufactured by CJSC «Vifitech», Obolensk, Moscow region, RF), poloxamers P407 and P338 (EP, USP/N; BASF, Germany), propylene glycol (USP; BASF, Germany), sodium chloride (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany, Cat. No. S9888), mucin type II from a pig stomach (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany, Cat. No. M2378). In the development of the composition and technology for the preparation of gels, a magnetic stirrer with a temperature control function (C-MAG HS 7 from IKA, Germany) was used. Gels were prepared by the «hot method» and «cold method».

Results and discussion. The production of the gel by the «hot method» provided a uniform dosage form. The obtained pH value is within the range of optimal diapason. Measurement of the specific peel force of the model gel sample showed pronounced mucoadhesive properties, which indicates that there is no need to adjust this parameter by introducing additional components into the formulation. The spectroscopic method is applicable for the analysis of berberine gel. It has been found that a significant dilution of the reference substance sample is required to develop an identification procedure.

Conclusion. The production of a sample of the dosage form by the «hot method» is optimal, which is probably due to the effect of solubilization and better distribution of the active substance in the base.
Development and Standardization of Crayons with Eucalimine
Authors: Aleshnikova K. Yu. , Dul V. N. , Dzhavakhyan M. A. , Semkina O. A.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Promising sources of preparation of antiinflammatory drugs of interest for practical medicine are substances of plant origin. One of them is eucalimine, isolated from leaves or shoots of eucalyptus prutoid (Eucalyptus viminalis Labil) of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae), is a purified sum of terpenoid phenoloaldehydes of the floroglucine series (euglobals) and triterpenoids.

Aim. The purpose of the present work is to create drug pencils with eucalimine for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.

Materials and methods. The object of research is eucalymin. The study of the shape and size of ekalimine particles and its distribution in various dispersion media: cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, emulsion wax, castor oil, peach oil, medical petroleum jelly was carried out.

Results and discussion. The paper presents the results of experimental studies justifying the selection of adjuvants for medical pencils and their standardization.

Conclusion. The composition and technology of medicinal pencils with eucalimine for external use has been developed, quality indicators have been established.
Formação continuada e desenvolvimento profissional docente: narrativas de experiências vividas em escola Pública de Mato Grosso
Authors: Evangelista Edson Gomes , Novais Critiane Montes de
Published: November 2020

As narrativas que compõem este artigo começaram a ser esboçadas a partir do perscrutar de ações delineadas em uma escola pública de Mato Grosso no ano de 2016.  Objetiva-se antes e precipuamente entender como vem se dando os encontros de formação, no âmbito do Projeto Sala do Educador. Que perspectivas apresentam estes encontros quando considerados as relações entre formação continuada e desenvolvimento profissional docente, diálogos autênticos e experiências? Fulcra-se em termos metodológicos na Pesquisa Narrativa, tal como compreendida por Clandinnin e Connelly. O narrar aqui é concebido como um contar de histórias capazes de suscitaram novos sentidos a experiências vividas, narrativizadas. Da incursão realizada naquela manhã de sábado resultou a compreensão de que de modo bastante peculiar, resguardas devidas proporções, coletivos de aprendizagem vem se constituindo em contextos escolares, inclusive fomentadas por políticas públicas do Estado de Mato Grosso. Resta compreender, contudo, o impacto de tais encontros no desenvolvimento profissional docente, portanto pode-se dizer que é preciso perscrutar quais abordagens levadas a cabo nestes encontros favorecem o tornar-se pessoa e professor.
Transtornos alimentares e percepção de autoimagem
Authors: Nascimento Andressa Rodrigues , Bezerra Keila Cristiane Batista
Published: November 2020

O presente estudo tem como temática o vínculo existente entre a percepção da autoimagem com os transtornos alimentares. Nesse sentido, o objetivo foi demonstrar através de artigos ligados ao tema como efetivamente os distúrbios alimentares refletem na vida das pessoas através da percepção, bem como verificar que há influências significativas no cotidiano desses indivíduos e na forma que os mesmos se apresentam e reconhecem a sua realidade. A metodologia utilizada foi o método de revisão integrativa, com pesquisas realizadas entre o período de fevereiro a abril de 2020, que objetivou encontrar trabalhos sobre o tema, filtrando as pesquisas que seriam relevantes, excluindo as que não fossem necessárias e alinhando aquelas que seriam usados no estudo. No decorrer da presente pesquisa, foi possível verificar que em muitos casos a percepção da autoimagem pode ocasionar danos à saúde e consequentemente problemas sérios, tais como: transtornos ligados à bulimia, anorexia e compulsão alimentar. Os resultados dos dados coletados indicaram que a percepção da autoimagem associada com fatores externos influencia consideravelmente na ocorrência de transtornos alimentares, afetando principalmente mulheres, adolescentes, jovens e adultos. Ademais, constatou-se que os transtornos alimentares relacionados com a percepção da autoimagem são distúrbios psíquicos. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que a avaliação nutricional de cada indivíduo é de suma importância e o primeiro passo para demonstrar para o mesmo que a imagem construída por ele nem sempre reflete a realidade saudável e ideal.
Uma análise interprofissional do impacto do isolamento social na saúde da mulher durante a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Cruz Rita de Cassia Moura da , Rodrigues Rayssa Lorena Ferraz de Sousa , Nascimento Giovanna Gonçalves Palha do , Araújo Danielle Silva , Sousa Isadora Almeida de , Paes Júlia Maria Dias Carvalho , Jaques Aline Almondes , Santos Débora de Moura , Reis Mageany Barbosa dos , Cruz Sery Neely Santos Lima , Silva Ana Roberta Vilarouca da , Pereira-Freire Joilane Alves , Maia Verônica Lourdes Lima Batista
Published: November 2020

O objetivo foi realizar uma revisão narrativa na visão do trabalho de saúde interprofissional para identificar as principais dificuldades e problemas enfrentados pela mulher quanto aos cuidados de saúde, dificuldade de trabalho e coexistência forçada de estresse econômico e temores sobre a pandemia. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão narrativa, utilizou-se a seguinte equação de busca: (Health AND Woman AND Covid-19) e (Coronavirus OR Covid-19 AND Violence AND Woman) nas seguintes bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e BVS. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos sem limite de idiomas, estudos que relatam dificuldades enfrentadas pelas mulheres, em tempos de pandemia, texto completo disponível e foram excluídos estudos duplicados. As medidas de isolamento social trouxeram forte impacto no sexo feminino, marcado pelo aumento da violência doméstica, do trabalho doméstico, do cuidado com crianças, idosos e familiares enfermos e além dos serviços inerentes ao seu ofício. Além disso, a diminuição ou ausência de atividade física habitual bem como as mudanças na rotina alimentar acaba contribuindo para alteração do estado nutricional. Com isso, as consequências da Pandemia e o isolamento social são maiores para grupos sociais mais vulneráveis, como as mulheres e dessa forma é fundamental que sejam incentivados programas de saúde com estratégias que garanta o direito de acesso aos serviços de saúde e também de segurança para denunciarem situações de abuso.
Verbal Reports Influence on Pilot Flight Performance and Mental Stress Under Spatial Disorientation
Authors: Kang Yohan , Yun Myung Hwan , Kim Sungho
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND: Circumstances in flight can adversely affect a pilots spatial abilities and lead to spatial disorientation (SD), increasing the potential for fatal accidents. To systematically understand the impact of SD, it is important to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze
pilots flight performance and mental stress, and to verify the effectiveness of verbal reports (VR) in enabling pilots to deal with an SD situation. This study investigated the effects of VR execution and type of SD on flight performance and mental stress.METHODS: SD simulation
experiments were conducted on 30 Air Force fighter pilots (15 in the VR group and 15 in the non-VR group) with electrocardiography (ECG) sensors attached. The pilots gave their VRs by immediately verbalizing their attention to instrument information and six potentially disorientating scenarios
were implemented in each flight phase. Flight performance was analyzed using instructor evaluation and self-evaluation scores, and mental stress was measured using heart rate variability (HRV) and perceived distress score.RESULTS: In maintaining flight performance, the VR group,
respectively, had 8% and 10% higher scores for altitude and speed than the non-VR group. The self-evaluation scores were lowest for Coriolis, while Graveyard Spin was scored lowest in the instructor evaluations. Regarding mental stress, the VR group tended to have higher HFs and lower LF/HF
ratios among HRV measures than the non-VR group, and an 11% lower perceived distress score. The highest perceived distress score was for Coriolis.DISCUSSION: We suggest that pilots can be assisted to understand and overcome SD situations through VR.Kang Y, Yun MH, Kim S.
Verbal reports influence on pilot flight performance and mental stress under spatial disorientation. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(12):948955.
Propellant Off-Gassing and Implications for Triage and Rescue
Authors: Schwertz Hansjrg , Roth Lisa A. , Woodard Daniel
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION: Hypergolic propellants can be released in large amounts during space launch contingencies. Whether propellant-contaminated suit fabric poses a significant risk to rescue crews, due to off-gassing, has not been explored in detail. In this study, we addressed this
issue experimentally, exposing space suit fabric to propellants (dinitrogen tetroxide [N2O4] and monomethyl hydrazine [MMH]).METHODS: The NASA Space Shuttle Program Advanced Crew Escape System II (ACES II) is similar to the NASA Orion Crew Survival System (OCSS)
and was utilized here. Suit fabric was placed and sealed into permeation cells. Fabric exterior surface was exposed to constant concentrated hypergolics, simulating permeation and leakage. Fabric was rinsed, and permeation and off-gassing kinetics were measured. Experimental parameters were
selected, simulating suited flight crewmembers during an evacuation transport without cabin air flow.RESULTS: The fabric allows for immediate permeation of liquid or vaporized MMH and N2O4. NO2 off-gassing never exceeded the AEGL-1 8-h level (acute
exposure guideline level). In contrast, MMH off-gassing levels culminated in peak levels, approaching AEGL-2 10-min levels, paralleling the drying process of the fabric layers. DISCUSSION: Our findings demonstrate that MMH off-gassing is promoted by the drying of suit material in
a delayed fashion, resulting in MMH concentrations having the potential for adverse health effects for flight and rescue crews. This indicates that shorter decontamination times could be implemented, provided that suit material is either kept moist to prevent off-gassing or removed prior to
medical evacuation. Additional studies using OCSS or commercial crew suits might be needed in the future.Schwertz H, Roth LA, Woodard D. Propellant off-gassing and implications for triage and rescue. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(12):956961.
Poetological dominants of historical memory in works of asian immigrant writers in Canada
Authors: Ovcharenko Nataliia
Published: November 2020

Poetological dominants of historical memory in works of asian immigrant writers in Canada

The paper highlights the development of literature related to the historical memory concept of Canadian immigrants from Asian countries. It covers the period of the late 20th ― first decades of the 21st century. The complex of problems, analyzed and structured within the semantic field of the modern historical memory concept, is often applicable both to Canada and Ukraine. The research broadens the knowledge of Canadian literature introducing the names of researchers and writers new to Ukrainian literary studies. The paper overviews the interpretations of Canadian Asian immigrants’ dispositions within the paradigm of modern arts and humanities. The focus is on the issues of double identity, the coherence of ethnic and North American mentality. The researcher generalizes the poetical aspects of the works by Ying Chen, Kim Thui, Joy Kogawa, Michael Ondaatje. Attention has been paid to the definition of discursive parameters, which allow shaping the concept of historical memory in ‘mosaic’ Canadian society; the issues of identities; the main markers of Canadian historical strategies; and versatile patterns of literary texts.

The participation of Canada in the global dialog, which involves its culture and literature, plays probably the most important role in the debate on Canadian polyethnic literature. Regional, national, and international features demand some combined definition. The research explicates modern historical memory strategies in the context of conventional territory with its specific spatial and temporal characteristics. The author demonstrates the main local views on peculiarities of the Canadian literary process of the 2nd half of the 20th ― early 21st century and analyzes literary texts. All the novels show profound connection between representatives of Canadian literature, who may seem essentially different but manifest temporal and subjective similarity.

The paper lists the names of authors working within the ‘double vision’ formula suggested by N. Frye. This approach focuses on the elements of North American culture pertaining to Canadian multicultural world structure as well as traditional cultures of the writers’ ancestral homelands. The paper also considers the generation paradigm, structured on the basis of social and historical algorithms and psychological markers. The types of generational modes (Kim Thuy, Michael Ondaatje) in literature were combined through a common denominator ― canadianness ― based on a double identity.
Türkiye’de Devlet Üniversitelerinin Yönetim Kurullarında Kadın Temsili| Women's Representation in Management Boards of State Universities in Turkey
Authors: HOŞTUT Sibel
Published: November 2020

Türkiye nüfusunun cinsiyet eşitliği konusunda oransal bir denge söz konusudur. Ancak konu eğitim, istihdam ve siyasal katılım olunca kadınların aleyhine dönüşen büyük bir fark oluşmaktadır. Yapılan araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki devlet üniversitelerinin yönetim kurullarının karakteristiğini incelemektedir. Bunun için Yükseköğretim Kurulu’nun web sayfasında açıklanan 129 Devlet Üniversitesi araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Erişime açık olan yönetim kurulu listelerine (%92) içerik analizi tekniği uygulanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre yönetim kurullarındaki üyelerin %83’ü erkek, %17’si kadın. Yakın zamanda kurulmuş 21 üniversitenin yönetim kurulları tamamen erkeklerden oluşmaktadır. Kadın akademisyenlerin üniversite yönetim kurullarının karar verici pozisyonlarında temsili çok düşüktür. Kadınların hemşirelik, eczacılık ve mimarlık fakültelerininakademik kadrolarındaki baskın durumu, yönetici pozisyonlarına yansımamıştır. Araştırma görevlisi ve öğretim görevlisi kadrolarındaki kişilerin tümünün öğretim üyeliği kadrolarına yükselmesi beklenemez ancak kadınlar, sızdıran boru hattı gibi bu süreçte erkeklerden çok daha fazla oranda öğretim üyesi kadrolarına erişememektedir. Bu durum akademide kadınlar için cinsiyetçi yaklaşımların, yatay ve dikey ayrışmanın, cam tavan metaforunun devam ettiğini ve özellikle yönetici pozisyonlarında daha da derinleştiğini göstermektedir.
Collagen-Derived Di-Peptide, Prolylhydroxyproline (Pro-Hyp): A New Low Molecular Weight Growth-Initiating Factor for Specific Fibroblasts Associated With Wound Healing
Authors: Sato Kenji , Asai Tomoko T. , Jimi Shiro
Published: November 2020

Many cells and soluble factors are involved in the wound healing process, which can be divided into inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, especially during the proliferative phase, and show heterogeneity depending on lineage, tissue distribution, and extent of differentiation. Fibroblasts from tissue stem cells rather than from healthy tissues infiltrate wounds and proliferate. Some fibroblasts in the wound healing site express the mesenchymal stem cell marker, p75NTR. In the cell culture system, fibroblasts attached to collagen fibrils stop growing, even in the presence of protein growth factors, thus mimicking the quiescent nature of fibroblasts in healthy tissues. Fibroblasts in wound healing sites proliferate and are surrounded by collagen fibrils. These facts indicate presence of new growth-initiating factor for fibroblasts attached to collagen fibrils at the wound healing site, where the collagen-derived peptide, prolyl-hydroxyproline (Pro-Hyp), is generated. Pro-Hyp triggers the growth of p75NTR-positive fibroblasts cultured on collagen gel but not p75NTR-negative fibroblasts. Thus, Pro-Hyp is a low molecular weight growth-initiating factor for specific fibroblasts that is involved in the wound healing process. Pro-Hyp is also supplied to tissues by oral administration of gelatin or collagen hydrolysate. Thus, supplementation of gelatin or collagen hydrolysate has therapeutic potential for chronic wounds. Animal studies and human clinical trials have demonstrated that the ingestion of gelatin or collagen hydrolysate enhances the healing of pressure ulcers in animals and humans and improves delayed wound healing in diabetic animals. Therefore, the low molecular weight fibroblast growth-initiating factor, Pro-Hyp, plays a significant role in wound healing and has therapeutic potential for chronic wounds.
Overexpression of Human SNX27 Enhances Learning and Memory Through Modulating Synaptic Plasticity in Mice
Authors: Huo Yuanhui , Gao Yue , Zheng Qiuyang , Zhao Dongdong , Guo Tiantian , Zhang Shuo , Zeng Yuzhe , Cheng Yiyun , Gu Huaping , Zhang Lishan , Zhu Bin , Luo Hong , Zhang Xian , Zhou Ying , Zhang Yun-wu , Sun Hao , Xu Huaxi , Wang Xin
Published: November 2020

Abnormal synaptic transmission leads to learning and memory disorders and is the main feature of neurological diseases. Sorting nexin 27 (SNX27) is an endosomal adaptor protein associated with a variety of nervous system diseases, and it is mainly responsible for the trafficking of postsynaptic membrane receptors. However, the roles of SNX27 in regulating synaptic and cognitive function are not fully understood. Here, we first generated a neuron-specific human-SNX27 transgenic mouse model (hSNX27 Tg) that exhibited enhanced excitatory synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation (LTP). In addition, we found that the hSNX27 Tg mice displayed enhanced learning and memory, lower-level anxiety-like behavior, and increased social interaction. Furthermore, we found that SNX27 overexpression upregulated the expression of glutamate receptors in the cortex and hippocampus of hSNX27 Tg mice. Together, these results indicate that SNX27 overexpression promotes synaptic function and cognition through modulating glutamate receptors.
Liraglutide Alleviates Hepatic Steatosis by Activating the TFEB-Regulated Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway
Authors: Fang Yunyun , Ji Linlin , Zhu Chaoyu , Xiao Yuanyuan , Zhang Jingjing , Lu Junxi , Yin Jun , Wei Li
Published: November 2020

Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), has been demonstrated to alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Increasing evidence suggests that autophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis. In this study, we examined whether liraglutide could alleviate hepatic steatosis through autophagy-dependent lipid degradation and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Herein, the effects of liraglutide on NAFLD were evaluated in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse model of NAFLD as well as in mouse primary and HepG2 hepatocytes exposed to palmitic acid (PA). The expression of the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) was measured in vivo and in vitro. Oil red O staining was performed to detect lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of autophagic vesicles and autolysosomes. Autophagic flux activity was measured by infecting HepG2 cells with mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus. The roles of GLP-1R and transcription factor EB (TFEB) in autophagy-lysosomal activation were explored using small interfering RNA. Liraglutide treatment alleviated hepatic steatosis in vivo and in vitro. In models of hepatic steatosis, microtubule-associated protein 1B light chain-3-II (LC3-II) and SQSTM1/P62 levels were elevated in parallel to blockade of autophagic flux. Liraglutide treatment restored autophagic activity by improving lysosomal function. Furthermore, treatment with autophagy inhibitor chloroquine weakened liraglutide-induced autophagy activation and lipid degradation. TFEB has been identified as a key regulator of lysosome biogenesis and autophagy. The protein levels of nuclear TFEB and its downstream targets CTSB and LAMP1 were decreased in hepatocytes treated with PA, and these decreases were reversed by liraglutide treatment. Knockdown of TFEB expression compromised the effects of liraglutide on lysosome biogenesis and hepatic lipid accumulation. Mechanistically, GLP-1R expression was decreased in HFD mouse livers as well as PA-stimulated hepatocytes, and liraglutide treatment reversed the downregulation of GLP-1R expression in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, GLP-1R inhibition could mimic the effect of the TFEB downregulation-mediated decrease in lysosome biogenesis. Thus, our findings suggest that liraglutide attenuated hepatic steatosis via restoring autophagic flux, specifically the GLP-1R-TFEB-mediated autophagy-lysosomal pathway.
Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by Ecofriendly Routes: Adsorbent for Copper Removal From Wastewater
Authors: Primo Julia de O. , Bittencourt Carla , Acosta Selene , Sierra-Castillo Ayrton , Colomer Jean-François , Jaerger Silvia , Teixeira Verônica C. , Anaissi Fauze J.
Published: November 2020

Zinc Oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized by two simple routes using Aloe vera (green synthesis, route I) or Cassava starch (gelatinization, route II). The XRD patterns and Raman spectra show that both synthesis routes lead to single-phase ZnO. XPS results indicate the presence of zinc atoms with oxidation state Zn2+. SEM images of the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using Cassava starch show the presence of pseudo-spherical nanoparticles and nanosheets, while just pseudo-spherical nanoparticles were observed when Aloe vera was used. The UV-Vis spectra showed a slight difference in the absorption edge of the ZnO particles obtained using Aloe vera (3.18 eV) and Cassava starch (3.24 eV). The ZnO nanoparticles were tested as adsorbents for the removal of copper in wastewater, it is shown that at low Cu2+ ion concentration (~40 mg/L) the nanoparticles synthesized by both routes have the same removal efficiency, however, increasing the absorbate concentration (> 80 mg/L) the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using Aloe vera have a higher removal efficiency. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles can be used as effective and environmental-friendly metal trace absorbers in wastewater.
A Review Study on Sulfate-Radical-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes for Domestic/Industrial Wastewater Treatment: Degradation, Efficiency, and Mechanism
Authors: Xia Xinhui , Zhu Fengyi , Li Jianju , Yang Haizhou , Wei Liangliang , Li Qiaoyang , Jiang Junqiu , Zhang Guangshan , Zhao Qingliang
Published: November 2020

High levels of toxic organic pollutants commonly detected during domestic/industrial wastewater treatment have been attracting research attention globally because they seriously threaten human health. Sulfate-radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) have been successfully used in wastewater treatment, such as that containing antibiotics, pesticides, and persistent organic pollutants, for refractory contaminant degradation. This review summarizes activation methods, including physical, chemical, and other coupling approaches, for efficient generation of sulfate radicals and evaluates their applications and economic feasibility. The degradation behavior as well as the efficiency of the generated sulfate radicals of typical domestic and industrial wastewater treatment is investigated. The categories and characteristics of the intermediates are also evaluated. The role of sulfate radicals, their kinetic characteristics, and possible mechanisms for organic elimination are assessed. In the last section, current difficulties and future perspectives of SR-AOPs for wastewater treatment are summarized.
Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes the Development of Ulcerative Colitis by Inducing the Autophagic Cell Death of Intestinal Epithelial
Authors: Su Wenhao , Chen Yongyu , Cao Pan , Chen Yan , Guo Yuanmei , Wang Siwei , Dong Weiguo
Published: November 2020

There is a growing body of evidence which suggests that intestinal microbiota, especially Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), are associated with intestinal immune disease such as ulcerative colitis (UC). The mechanism by which F. nucleatum promotes intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death remained undefined. Here, we investigated the potential mechanisms about how F. nucleatum aggravates IEC death in UC. We first detected the abundance of F. nucleatum in UC tissues and analyzed its relationship with the clinical characteristics of UC. Next, we explored whether F. nucleatum promotes intestinal epithelial cell death in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we extracted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the F. nucleatum and examined whether F. nucleatum exacerbates UC via LPS. Our results indicated that F. nucleatum was abundant in UC tissues and was correlated with clinical characteristics. In addition, we demonstrated that F. nucleatum and its LPS aggravated IEC death by promoted IEC autophagy. Furthermore, autophagy inhibitors, chloroquine (CQ), 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or Atg5 silencing prevented IEC death mediated by F. nucleatum, which suggests F. nucleatum may contribute to UC by activating autophagic cell death. All our results uncover a vital role of F. nucleatum in autophagic cell death and UC, giving rise to a new sight for UC therapy by inhibiting excessive IEC autophagy and autophagic cell death.