bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effective field theory for hydrodynamics without boosts
Authors: Armas Jácome , Jain Akash
Published: September 2021

We formulate the Schwinger-Keldysh effective field theory of
hydrodynamics without boost symmetry. This includes a spacetime covariant
formulation of classical hydrodynamics without boosts with an additional
conserved particle/charge current coupled to Aristotelian background
sources. We find that, up to first order in derivatives, the theory is
characterised by the thermodynamic equation of state and a total of 29
independent transport coefficients, in particular, 3 hydrostatic, 9
non-hydrostatic non-dissipative, and 17 dissipative. Furthermore, we study the
spectrum of linearised fluctuations around anisotropic equilibrium states with
non-vanishing fluid velocity. This analysis reveals a pair of sound modes that
propagate at different speeds along and opposite to the fluid flow, one charge
diffusion mode, and two distinct shear modes along and perpendicular to the
fluid velocity. We present these results in a new hydrodynamic frame that is
linearly stable irrespective of the boost symmetry in place. This provides a
unified covariant stable approach for simultaneously treating Lorentzian,
Galilean, and Lifshitz fluids within an effective field theory framework and
sets the stage for future studies of non-relativistic intertwined patterns of
symmetry breaking.
Mathematical Modeling of the Film Influence on the Salting Time of Mozzarella Cheese in a Static and Dynamic System: Application of Artificial Neural Networks of the Multilayer Perceptron Type
Authors: Borsato Dionisio , de Souza Winnicius , de Oliveira Talita , Clemente Marco , Silva Hágata , Mantovani Ana , Chendynski Letícia , Angilelli Karina
Published: September 2021

The NaCl and KCl diffusion in the film formed on the cheese surface during salting was simulated by the finite element method. The time and salts concentration values on the cheese surface were determined, tabulated, and presented to the multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP) for the regression modeling. The samples were divided into 70, 15 and 15% for training, testing, and validation, respectively. The networks with the best performance showed 5 to 12 hidden layers. The Tukey’s test showed that there was no significant difference, at the 5% level, between the time value used and the mean value modeled for training, testing, and validation for the NaCl. For the KCl, a significant difference was observed only for 2 training samples and 1 test sample. Sensitivity analysis showed that the discrete variable Z, which represents the static and dynamic systems, was the most important in the models’ construction.
Disease Burden and Current Therapeutical Status of Leprosy with Special
Emphasis on Phytochemicals
Authors: Swain Shasank Sekhar , Sahoo Gunanidhi , Mahapatra Pravati Kumari , Panda Sujogya Kumar
Published: September 2021

Background:

Leprosy (Hansen’s disease) is a neglected tropical disease affecting millions
of people globally. The combined formulations of dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimine
(multidrug therapy, MDT) is only supportive in the early stage of detection, while “reemergence” is
a significant problem. Thus, there is still a need to develop newer antileprosy molecules either of
natural or semi-synthetic origin.

Objective:

The review intends to present the latest developments in the disease prevalence, available
therapeutic interventions and the possibility of identifying new molecules from phytoextracts.

Methods:

Literature on the use of plant extracts and their active components to treat leprosy was
searched. Selected phytoconstituents were subjected to molecular docking study on both wild and
mutant types of the Mycobacterium leprae. Since the M. leprae dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) is
not available in the protein data bank (PDB), it was modelled by the homology model method and
validated with the Ramachandran plot along with other bioinformatics approaches. Two mutations
were introduced at codons 53 (Thr to Ile) and 55 (Pro to Leu) for docking against twenty-five selected
phytoconstituents reported from eight plants that recorded effective anti-leprosy activity. The
chemical structure of phytochemicals and the standard dapsone structure were retrieved from the
PubChem database and prepared accordingly for docking study with the virtual-screening platform
of PyRx-AutoDock 4.1.

Results:

Based on the docking score (kcal/mol), most of the phytochemicals exhibited a higher
docking score than dapsone. Asiaticoside, an active saponin (-11.3, -11.2 and -11.2 kcal/mol), was
proved to be the lead phytochemical against both wild and mutant types DHPS. Some other useful
phytoconstituents include echinocystic acid (-9.6, -9.5 and -9.5 kcal/mol), neobavaisoflavone (-9.2,
-9.0 and -9.0 kcal/mol), boswellic acid (-8.90, -8.90 and -8.90 kcal/mol), asiatic acid (-8.9, -8.8 and
-8.9 kcal/mol), corylifol A (-8.8, 8.0, and -8.0), etc. Overall, the computational predictions support
the previously reported active phytoextracts of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, Albizia amara (Roxb.)
Boivin, Boswellia serrata Roxb. and Psoralea corylifolia L. to be effective against leprosy.

Conclusion:

A very small percentage of well-known plants have been evaluated scientifically for
antileprosy activity. Further in vivo experiments are essential to confirm anti-leprosy properties of
such useful phytochemicals.
Natural Molecules as Talented Inhibitors of Nucleotide Pyrophosphatases/
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs)
Authors: Orhan Ilkay Erdogan , Rauf Abdur , Saleem Muhammad , Khalil Anees Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Background:

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a wide group of enzymes with multiple
therapeutic actions, including vasorelaxation, cardiotonic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic,
anti-spasmolytic, memory-enhancing, and anti-asthmatic. PDEs with eleven subtypes
from PDE-1 to PDE-11 typically catalyze the cleavage of the phosphodiester bond and, hence, degrades
either cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP).

Objective:

Several selective or non-selective inhibitors of the PDE subtypes are used clinically, i.e.
sildenafil, rolipram, cysteine, etc. Recently, interest in plant-based pharmacologically bioactive
compounds having potent PDEs inhibitory potential has increased. Purposely, extensive research
has been carried out on natural products to explore new inhibitors of various PDEs. Therefore, this
review summarizes the published data on natural PDEs inhibitors and their potential therapeutic applications.

Methods:

For this purpose, natural compounds with PDE inhibitory potential have been surveyed
through several databases, including PubMed, Web of Sciences (WoS), Scopus, and Google Scholar.

Results :

According to a detailed literature survey, the most promising class of herbal compounds
with PDE-inhibiting property has been found to belong to phenolics, including flavonoids (luteolin,
kaempferol, icariin, etc.). Many other encouraging inhibitors from plants have also been identified,
such as coumarins (23, 24) (licoarylcoumarin and glycocoumarin,), saponins (agapanthussaponins),
lignans (31, 33) [(±)-schizandrin and kobusin], terpenes (28, 29, 31) (perianradulcin A,
quinovic acid, and ursolic acid), anthraquinones (18, 19) (emodin and chrysophanol), and alkaloids
(Sanjoinine-D) (36).

Conclusion:

In this review, studies have revealed the PDE-inhibitory potential of natural plant extracts
and their bioactive constituents in treating various diseases; however, further clinical studies
comprising synergistic use of different therapies (synthetic & natural) to acquire multi-targeted results
might also be a promising option.
The Coexistence of Two Different Epithelial Ovarian Tumors: A Rare Case
Authors: Topaloğlu Ömer Faruk , Uysal Emine , Çelik Zeliha Esin , Çelik Çetin
Published: September 2021

Background:

Background: Epithelial tumors are the most common subgroup and are seen in 60-70%
of all ovarian tumors. Serous cystadenoma and mucinous cystadenoma are the most common benign
epithelial tumors. Serous cystadenomas are ovarian tumors with the highest bilateral incidence.
The coexistence of tumors with different histopathology in the ovaries is extremely rare and
has only been reported in a few cases in the literature. We present a case of bilateral ovarian tumor
that was diagnosed as serous and mucinous cystadenoma after laparoscopic surgery.

Case report:

A 45-year-old female patient was admitted to our center with swelling in the pelvic
region and pain in the left lumbar region. US imaging showed a cystic lesion in the right adnexal
area, 4x2 cm in size, well-circumscribed, containing a few thin septa, and a low echo fluid content.
A cystic lesion with 6x4cm sized multilocular, well-circumscribed, slightly high echo fluid content
was observed in the left adnexal area. On CT, a complex cystic lesion measuring 6x4cm was observed
in the left adnexal area, pushing the left ureter laterally and causing the hydroureter. In addition,
a 4x2 cm cystic lesion was observed in the right adnexal area and hydroureter was observed
on the right side proximal to this lesion. Both lesions were removed by surgery. On histopathologic
examination, the left-sided cystic lesion was diagnosed as mucinous cystadenoma, and the right-sided
cystic lesion was diagnosed as serous cystadenoma.

Conclusion:

The coexistence of different ovarian tumor subtypes is rare. In this article, we presented
a case in which serous and mucinous cystadenoma lesions were seen together for the fourth time
in the literature, according to our knowledge.
Withdrawal Notice: An Insight Data On Medication Safety in Accordance with Drug Complications Based On Automated Drug Dispensing System
Authors: Chaudhary Nandini , Gupta Harshita , Dwivedi Divya
Published: September 2021

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors of the journal Current Drug Safety, due to incoherent content.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

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The Evolution of Rumors on a Closed Social Networking Platform During COVID-19: Algorithm Development and Content Study
Authors: Wang Andrea W , Lan Jo-Yu , Wang Ming-Hung , Yu Chihhao
Published: September 2021

Background

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic put the world in a crisis regarding both physical and psychological health. Simultaneously, a myriad of unverified information flowed on social media and online outlets. The situation was so severe that the World Health Organization identified it as an infodemic in February 2020.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the propagation patterns and textual transformation of COVID-19–related rumors on a closed social media platform.

Methods

We obtained a data set of suspicious text messages collected on Taiwan’s most popular instant messaging platform, LINE, between January and July 2020. We proposed a classification-based clustering algorithm that could efficiently cluster messages into groups, with each group representing a rumor. For ease of understanding, a group is referred to as a “rumor group.” Messages in a rumor group could be identical or could have limited textual differences between them. Therefore, each message in a rumor group is a form of the rumor.

Results

A total of 936 rumor groups with at least 10 messages each were discovered among 114,124 text messages collected from LINE. Among 936 rumors, 396 (42.3%) were related to COVID-19. Of the 396 COVID-19–related rumors, 134 (33.8%) had been fact-checked by the International Fact-Checking Network–certified agencies in Taiwan and determined to be false or misleading. By studying the prevalence of simplified Chinese characters or phrases in the messages that originated in China, we found that COVID-19–related messages, compared to non–COVID-19–related messages, were more likely to have been written by non-Taiwanese users. The association was statistically significant, with P<.001, as determined by the chi-square independence test. The qualitative investigations of the three most popular COVID-19 rumors revealed that key authoritative figures, mostly medical personnel, were often misquoted in the messages. In addition, these rumors resurfaced multiple times after being fact-checked, usually preceded by major societal events or textual transformations.

Conclusions

To fight the infodemic, it is crucial that we first understand why and how a rumor becomes popular. While social media has given rise to an unprecedented number of unverified rumors, it also provides a unique opportunity for us to study the propagation of rumors and their interactions with society. Therefore, we must put more effort into these areas.
Effectiveness of a diabetes focused electronic discharge orderset and post-discharge nursing support among poorly controlled hospitalized patients: A randomized controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: White Audrey , Bradley David , Buschur Elizabeth , Harris Cara , LaFleur Jacob , Pennell Michael , Soliman Adam , Wyne Kathleen , Dungan Kathleen
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

While electronic order sets have become standard practice for inpatient diabetes management, there is limited decision support at discharge.

OBJECTIVE

This study assessed whether an electronic discharge order set (DOS) plus nurse follow up calls improves discharge orders and post-discharge outcomes among hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

METHODS

This is a randomized open label single center study comparing an electronic DOS and nurse phone calls to enhanced standard care (ESC) in hospitalized insulin-requiring patients with T2D. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c at 24 weeks post-discharge. Secondary outcomes included completeness and accuracy of discharge prescriptions related to diabetes.

RESULTS

The study was stopped early due to feasibility concerns related to long-term follow-up. However a total of 158 subjects were enrolled (DOS=82, ESC=76), 155 of whom had discharge data. The DOS group had a greater frequency of prescriptions for bolus insulin (81% vs 44%; P=0.01), needles/syringes (95% vs 63%; P=0.03), and glucometers (86% vs 36%; P=0.0002). Clarity of orders was similar. HbA1c was available in 27 subjects in each arm at 12 weeks, and 20/21 subjects in the DOS/ESC arms at 24 weeks. The adjusted difference in change in HbA1c (DOS-ESC) was -0.5 ± 0.4% at 12 weeks (P = 0.20) and -0.7 ± 0.4% at 24 weeks (P= 0.09). Achievement of individualized HbA1c target was greater in the DOS group at 12 weeks but not 24 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS

A DOS resulted in more complete discharge prescriptions. Assessment of post-discharge outcomes was limited due to loss of long-term follow-up but suggests possible benefit in glucose control.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT03455985 Effectiveness of a Diabetes Focused Discharge Order Set Among Poorly Controlled Hospitalized Patients Transitioning to Glargine U300 Insulin
Variations of Movement, Dispersal, and Morphometrics among Subpopulations of Javan Endemic Damselfly, Drepanosticta spatulifera (Odonata: Platystictidae) in Petungkriyono Forest
Authors: Nugrahaningrum Amelia , Soesilohadi R.C. Hidayat
Published: September 2021

Drepanosticta spatulifera is a Javan endemic damselfly. The population is spread unevenly in the Petungkriyono Forest and is threatened due to environmental pressure. The aims of this research are to know the variation of the movement, dispersal, and morphometric among subpopulations of D. spatulifera. Movement and dispersal variation data collection was done using Mark Release Recapture (MRR) for six weeks from early August until mid-September 2020. The collection of morphometric samples was done during the last week of the MRR survey and 46 individuals were measured with 12 continuous characters. During the MRR survey, 596 males of D. spatulifera were marked and 302 were recaptured. D. spatulifera had short movement and dispersal thus no individuals were found across the subpopulations. The distance moved of successive capture and net lifetime movement were dominantly less or equal to five meters. The duration of the MRRsurvey had a low correlation with the dispersal distance of D. spatulifera. In themorphometric variations, closer subpopulations tended to have a similar cluster ofmorphometric characters. Variation of distance moved between successive captureand wing size from Mangli Stream was significantly different from other sites. Thesubpopulation of Mangli, the farthest and higher altitude of the sites, had thehighest distance move, more disperse, and the largest wing size. Our study showedthat D. spatulifera was extremely sedentary damselfly. It will enhance inbreeding andvulnerability to extinction. Therefore, the interaction between the subpopulationsof D. spatulifera in the Petungkriyono Forest needs to be done more.
Intergeneric Hybridization between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda ‘saint valentine’: Characterization of Parents Using ndhE cpDNA Partial Sequence
Authors: Dwiati Murni , Susanto Agus Hery
Published: September 2021

An intergeneric cross between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda ‘saint valentine’ has successfully produced protocorms that will be grown further to form seedlings. The present study aims to genetically characterize both parents by using ndhE partial gene as its sequence is shown polymorphic among five orchid genera of the subtribe Oncidiinae. The results reveal that the ndhE partial sequences of Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda ‘saint valentine’ are considerably homologous with those of Oncidium. However, alignment of ndhE partial sequences between both parents shows only 58% similarity, leading to the conclusion that a relatively high genetic difference between them may occur.
Corporate Social Responsibility: A Stakeholders Perspective Applied to the Lebanese Heart Hospital
Authors: Younis Joumana A. , Hejase Hussin J. , Brayhi Zeina H. , Hejase Ale J. , Frimousse Soufyane
Published: September 2021

This research aims to assess Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practice applied to the Heart Hospital, Tripoli, Lebanon. A stakeholders (workers, patients, the local community, and the environment) perspective is considered. The population of the research includes all workers in the target hospital, however the research sample consists of 40 employees. This research is quantitative, descriptive and analytic based on a structured questionnaire designed and distributed to the respondents. The study found that the activities related to CSR were adapted and practiced to different levels. Employees’ responses about the dimensions of CSR were varied. Findings show that the hospital does exercise its social responsibilities towards patients (Mean=3.97), it does exercise its social responsibilities towards the environment (Mean=3.96), it moderately exercises its social responsibilities towards the local community (Mean=3.36), and it weakly exercises its social responsibilities towards its workers (Mean=2.75). Therefore, it is recommended that the hospital administrators must review their CSR strategy to reinstate one of the most critical factors for the success of the institution namely the human assets besides giving more attention to its local community needs.
TOTAL PHENOLIC, FLAVONOID, TANNIN CONTENTS, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ORGANIC EXTRACTS OF VEGETATIVE AND FLOWERING STAGES OF MECARDONIA PROCUMBENS (MILL.) SWALL.
Authors: CHAITRA B NEGLUR  , ASHWINI M GAJAKOSH
Published: September 2021

Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the total amount of phenols, flavonoid, and tannin content along with its antioxidant property of two physiological different stages such as vegetative and flowering in Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Swall.
Methods: subsequent extraction s done by socklet apparatus with solvents of increasing polarity: hexane, acetone, methanol, and to estimated for the biological metabolites.
Results: Stage of the plant significantly affected the quality of the phenols, flavonoids, and tannins. The highest amount of phenol (86.25±1.03 Gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight [GAE/g DW]) was reported in acetone extract in flowering sage similar result was with the flavanoid W(14.25±0.52 GAE/g DW). Whereas tannins were high in methanol extract of the flowering stage (49.52±1.02 mg catechin/g DW). The best scavenging activity was found in the flowering stage of acetone extract (3.5±0.06 μg/mL) and total antioxidant property was also in flowering stage of methanol extract (97.48 mg GAE/g DW) the M. procumbens.
Conclusion: Extracts of acetone and methanol were more effective and could be used as preservatives in food or pharmaceuticals.
DETERMINATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TAMARINDUS INDICA STEM BARK EXTRACT AGAINST SELECTED MICROBES
Authors: ABOKO JAMES , ANABIA MARGARET , ACHEAMPONG CHARLES
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The present study determines the bioactive constituents in the stem bark of Tamarindus indica and also assesses its biological properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro.
Methods: The clinical isolates were collected from wounds of patients and cultivated in a nutrient broth. The extract of stem bark of T. indica was added to the bacteria in Muller Hinton ager to test its biological activity.
Results: Crude extracts of T. indica showed potency against S. aureus with the highest zone of inhibition of 19.00 ± 0.60 mm at 200 mg/ml concentration of the extract. The extract showed potency against P. aeruginosa at varying concentrations with a zone of inhibition between 13.5 ± 0.20 mm and 6.25 ± 0.45 mm. However, the extracts of T. indica recorded a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 6.25 mg/ml and an minimum bactericidal concentration value of 25 mg/ml against P. aeruginosa and also recorded a MIC value of 3.13 mg/ml against S. aureus. The preliminary analysis of bioactive compounds of the crude extract of T. indica showed that it has a wide range of phytochemical constituents including saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and anthraquinones.
Conclusion: The results suggested that the extract of stem bark of T. indica has the potential of being the best alternative antimicrobial agent use to cure infectious diseases caused by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.
MONITORING OF TURNAROUND TIME IN DIAGNOSING CORONAVIRUS DISEASE-19 SAMPLES: NEED OF THE HOUR
Authors: A ANUPRIYA , EDWIN DIEGO , J LALITHAMBIGAI , N PRABHUSARAN
Published: September 2021

Objective: To evaluate laboratory turnaround time (TAT) and to find out the reasons for delay in TAT in diagnosing coronavirus disease (COVID) samples.
Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational study was conducted from August 2020 to March 2021 in a Tertiary care teaching hospital. TAT was calculated from sample reception to report dispatch.
Results: Of the 4500 samples analyzed in Molecular Laboratory for the purpose of COVID diagnosis, 890 (19.7%) had delayed TAT. The average TAT of samples in Emergency and Intensive care units (ICU) is 3 h; and it is 3 h and 30 min in inpatient and outpatient (OP) services. The average prolonged TAT is 3 h and 30 min and 4 h 10 min in Emergency care, ICU services, and inpatient and OP services respectively. The reasons for prolonged TAT includes payment for tests in the cash unit, repetition of test, specimen related, reagent related, machine breakdown, and software related.
Conclusion: The TAT demonstrates the need for improvement in the pre- and post-analytical period.
TRINITY OF SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS-2: ORIGIN, GENOTYPE, PHENOTYPE, AND IMMUNE RESPONSE IN CORONAVIRUS DISEASE-2019
Authors: NANDAGOPAL MURUGAN , BALAKRISHNAN ARULMOZHI , PADHIAR CHIRAYU
Published: September 2021

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) or a novel coronavirus (2019-CoV) has prompted global health concerns. A pandemic resulted from the disease’s transmission through many routes. In this pandemic, the interaction between coronavirus and the host immune system, particularly the innate immune system, is becoming more prominent. Against viruses and pathogens, innate immunity serves as a first line of defense. Our understanding of pathogenesis will benefit from a better grasp of the mechanisms of immune evasion techniques. The origin, classification, structure, and method of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 were summarized in this paper. We have discussed the importance of important communications. In this review, we have discussed the function of important components of the innate immune system in COVID-19 infection, as well as how the virus evades innate immunity through multiple tactics and contributes to a wide range of clinical symptoms and outcomes.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF MELATONIN ON PARACETAMOL INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN ALBINO RATS
Authors: SHANKARAPPA DEEPAK , JAFRIN A LOURDU , B JAYAPRIYA , B MAHARANI
Published: September 2021

Objective: Liver is the most important organ involved in the biotransformation of drugs and hence also a prime site for drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Among the hepatotoxic drugs, paracetamol which is commonly used is a major offender, leading to about 40% of DILI. N-acetyl cysteine is commonly used to manage paracetamol poisoning. However, it has its own disadvantages. This study has been designed to probe into the possibility of an alternative drug for paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. The objective is to study the hepatoprotective effect of melatonin on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats.
Materials and Methods: After prior approval from the IAEC, 36 albino rats were divided into six groups of six each. Each group received distilled water, paracetamol, paracetamol+N-acetyl cysteine, paracetamol+melatonin, and paracetamol+melatonin+N-acetyl cysteine, respectively. The liver function tests and histopathology of the liver of all the groups were compared. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett’s test were used.
Results: Melatonin alone and in combination with N-acetyl cysteine is found to have significant hepatoprotective effect in paracetamol-induced acute liver injury.
Conclusion: The main reason for hepatotoxicity is depletion of glutathione which is essential for conjugating the toxic metabolite N acetyl-p- benzoquinonimine (NAPQI) and CYP2E1 is playing the vital role of being the rate limiting enzyme initiating the cascade of events leading to acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. This is postulated to be reversed by melatonin.
BIOINFORMATICS APPROACH ON ACTION AND MECHANISM OF BROMELAIN IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: S MURTHY SUSHMA , NARSAIAH T BALA
Published: September 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to understand biomolecular interactions of Bromelain and its networking with p53 and β-catenin by a computational method of analysis in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) condition.
Methodology: The protein interaction partners for p53 and β-catenin involved in the progression of HCC were collected from National Center for Biotechnology Information. We collected data points and standardized the data points for our data analysis from the public database. We used Cytoscape 3.8.2 version plug-in for constructing a Protein-Protein interaction network. We constructed a pathway network using Biorender.com.
Results: The protein interactions concerning p53 and β-catenin are identified and a network is constructed. A total of 18 and 34 nodes were identified which are involved in down-regulation and up-regulation of β-catenin and a total of 30 and 27 nodes for homosapiens are identified which are involved in the downregulation and upregulation of the p53 gene. We identified different pathways which trigger and impact the p53 and Wnt/β- catenin signaling pathways as potential target sites for Bromelain to arrest the progression of cancer
Conclusion: In conclusion, our in silico studies anti-cancer activity of Bromelain in HCC relating its effect on apoptosis, cell differentiation, mesenchymal transition, p53 signaling, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.
The landscape of diabetic foot in Peru
Authors: Saravia-Hernández Ericka , Salvador-Carrillo José , Zevallos Alejandra , Calderón-Ticona Jorge
Published: September 2021

Diabetic foot (DF) is one of the main complications responsible for the significant deterioration of the quality of life in diabetic patients, particularly, in developing countries. In Peru, 18.9% of diabetic inpatients present DF and 61% develop a foot sepsis. Therefore, the burden of DF is considerable in the country. In this work, we summarize the current scientific evidence of DF in the Peruvian population describing its epidemiology, risk factors, increase of time of hospitalization, bacterial resistance, rate of amputations, and the theoretical medical costs for disease management. According to the reviewed literature, we suggest that more local research should be conducted to better understand the impact of the DF on the Peruvian population.
Indonesia stock exchange: Abnormal return amid pandemic
Authors: Gunistiyo Gunistiyo , Waskito Jaka , Utami Yuni
Published: September 2021

This study aims to reveal the behavior of investors on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) before and during (early) the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is an extension of references to understand market reactions in response to future crises. This study is an event study with a time window of 76 trading days before and after the first case was officially announced by the authorities in Indonesia. Taking a sample of stocks included in the Liquid Index (LQ) 45, this study measures the abnormal return and transaction volume during the pre and post-first official announced cases and test the whole data by t-test. The results of data analysis indicate that there is no difference in abnormal returns, but there is a significant difference in transaction volume. These findings indicate that, in general, the Indonesian market is quite efficient, as evident from the absence of different abnormal returns. On the other hand, the market also appears to be cautious in making investment decisions amid uncertainty.
Banking credit restructuring in Indonesia: Quo vadis?
Authors: Indramawan Dendy
Published: September 2021

This research aims to analyze the impact of Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) on the accounting practices in banks associated with Indonesian Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) 71 – Financial Instrument, particularly the allowance for impairment losses (CKPN) to respond to the Indonesian Financial Service Authority's Regulation (POJK) Number: 11/POJK.03/2020 concerning credit restructuring program and quality assets assessment. The research methodology is triangulation. This study reveals that the restructuring program helps banks from a significant jump of weak quality credits. Banks need to analyze the recovery rate of debtors as a basis for the stage of PSAK 71 with the Expected Credit Loss approach. The higher the CKPN, the smaller the net income. Besides, a tremendous amount of CKPN will pressure the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). Therefore, shareholders should increase the capital, or the Indonesian Financial Service Authority (OJK) forces the bank(s) into a merger or acquisition.
Understanding taxpayer's compliance on E-Commerce
Authors: Irawati Wiwit , Rendy Rendy , Angraini Dila , Annisa Dea , Utami Tri
Published: September 2021

E-Commerce should be a potential source of tax revenue seeing its rapid growth and is supported by the growing growth of internet users. But in fact, the tax revenue target has not been achieved. This study aims to determine the effect of Taxpayer awareness and Understanding on Taxpayer compliance. The population used is taxpayers who do E-Commerce registered in Depok City, West Java. The sample was selected using a convenience sampling method with a sample size following the Slovin formula. Before testing the hypothesis, the data are tested by the validity and reliability test and the classical assumption test. The test results show that the understanding of tax regulations partially affects Taxpayer compliance. Furthermore, Taxpayer awareness has no partial effect on Taxpayer compliance with e-Commerce users.
Young People: Between Literature and Advanced Technologies
Authors: Asmaradhani Ahmad Idris
Published: September 2021

In the eyes of literature, existentialist thinkers focus on the question of concrete human existence and the conditions of this existence rather than hypothesizing a human essence, stressing that the human essence is determined through life choices. The ideal, however, is that humans exist in a state of distance from the world that they nonetheless remain in the midst of. This distance is what enables humans to project meaning into the disinterested world of in-itselfs. This projected meaning remains fragile, constantly facing breakdown for any reason— from a tragedy to a particularly insightful moment. In such a breakdown, humans are put face to face with the naked meaninglessness of the world, and the results can be devastating. It is porposed that literature and the media combined have a powerful impact on those who wish to truly realize and understand their message. By studying, reading, learning, experiencing, and knowing the culture of the present and those cultures of the past then one can understand the ideas of life and how the two work together to help us better understand each other and ourselves. In what ways our present culture, our technological advances, and the media shape who we are as individuals is not a simple question. The answer seems to elusively hide in a world filled with cultural complexities. But, it is no secret to find that literature is a source of power. It does influence, guide, and shape the human become as they continue their journey through life. Hence, since human are never without the influence of literature, they will always have factors working to modify the human being. However, it is their choice as to how they internalize what they are exposed to, and in turn, it is up to them to determine the individual that ultimately prevails.
Infleksi dan Derivasi dalam Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Bagiya Bagiya
Published: September 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan masalah inflkesi dan derivasi dalam bahasa Indonesia.  Untuk mengetahui kaidah-kaidah infleksi dan derivasi dalam bahasa Indonesia itu,  perlu adanya seperangkat data yang mencukupi untuk pembuktiannya berdasarkan teori yang ada.  Dalam makalah ini akan dikaji verba  dalam bahasa Indonesia diharapkan dapat diketahui sejauh mana konsep infleksi dan derivasi itu dapat diterapkan, sehingga dapat ditemukan kaidah-kaidahya. Secara teoretis membuktikan bahwa bahasa Indonesia memang berbeda keserumpunannya dengan bahasa-bahasa Endo Eropa yang telah dijadikan dasar analisis para ahli bahasa. Maka dari itu, perlu diperhatikan data-data bahasa Indonesia yang menyangkut masalah infleksi  dan derivasi tersebut.
Penerapan Kaidah Berbahasa dalam Percakapan Berbahasa Indonesia
Authors: Fakhrudin Mohammad
Published: September 2021

Kaidah berbahasa yang diterapkan dalam percakapan berbahasa Indonesia terdiri atas kaidah linguistis, kaidah sosiolinguistis, kaidah pragmatis, dan kaidah psikolinguistis,  tetapi penerapannya berkaitan dengan komponen percakapan, yang di antaranya adalah (1) partisipan, (2) maksud, dan (3) instrumen. Partisipan yang bersikap tidak formal dan mempunyai hubungan akrab dan hangat, menerapkan kaidah linguistis, tetapi tidak terikat ketat. Sementara itu, partisipan yang bersikap formal, mempunyai hubungan kurang akrab dan kurang hangat, menerapkan kaidah linguistis secara ketat. Lazimnya, secara linguistis, bahasa Indonesia yang digunakan oleh partisipan yang demikian memiliki ciri kebakuan fonologis, morfologis, struktur sintaktis, dan semantis, bahkan kewacanaan. Dalam percakapan berbahasa Indonesia, prinsip kerja sama dan prinsip kesantunan juga diterapkan. Bertindak tutur tidak langsung merupakan salah satu cara yang digunakan oleh partisipan untuk menyampaikan maksud secara santun. Dalam hal tertentu, ada perbedaan kaidah yang diterapkan dalam percakapan bersemuka dari percakapan melalui telepon. Ada tuturan yang khusus hanya digunakan untuk membuka dan/menutup percakapan bersemuka, tetapi tidak digunakan untuk membuka dan/atau menutup percakapan melalaui telepon. Ada tuturan yang lazim difungsikan untuk melakukan klarifikasi dalam percakapan melalui telepon, tetapi tidak demikian halnya untuk melakukan klarifikasi dalam percakapan bersemuka.
Efficacy of Hawthorn fruit extract on blood pressure and quality of sleep in patients with hypertension along with sleep disorders: A randomized double-blind controlled trial
Authors: Abbasi Masumeh , Gohari Sepehr , Ahangar Hassan , Bahrami Mohsen , Kamalinejad Mohammad , Reshadmanesh Tara , Nazari Seyede Shadi
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Crataegus monogyna (C.monogyna) on controlling the blood pressure in patients with hypertension along with sleep disorder.
Methods: This was a parallel double-blind, placebo-controlled trial study from May, 2018 to December, 2019. Total of 60 patients with hypertension and sleep disorder were randomly assigned to C.monogyna and placebo groups. The groups received C.monogyna and placebo capsules twice-daily for 8 weeks. The primary outcomes were the changes of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and Pittsburgh questionnaireâ€™s scores from baseline measurements. The secondary outcomes were changes in serum biochemical markers from baseline.
Results: Before treatment, there was no significant difference between study groups in terms of demographic data and outcomes (P>0.05) except body mass index (P=0.02). After treatments, the intervention group had a significant improvement in systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to placebo ((118.14Â±6.76 vs 129.76Â±8.28, 95% CI: 7.54 â€“ 15.69, P<0.001 and 77.14Â±5.32 vs 83.57Â±6.73, 95% CI: 3.17 â€“ 9.68, P<0.001, respectively) analysis revealed no significant difference observed between study groups in terms of baseline characteristics and pre-and posttreatment laboratory tests. Also, none of the groups had superiority in terms of the Pittsburgh questionnaireâ€™s scores (P=0.44); however, the intragroup analysis revealed significant improvements in the intervention group (P= 0.001).
Conclusion: C.monogyna fruit extract as a supplementary medication has beneficial effects on controlling blood pressure and quality of sleep in patients with hypertension along with sleep disorders.
Design of ASR Software for Recognition of the Russian Language Variants
Authors: Valuitseva Irina I. , Filatov Igor Ie.
Published: September 2021

The article first touches on the problem of speech recognition of Russian language variants. With the development and growing (ASR) popularity of the automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology, more and more attention is now being paid to the problems related to the incompatibility of modern applications to work with non-standard language varieties. This question is especially relevant for Russian, as it is, contrary to the conservative statement about its homogeneity, represented by many forms that differ from the standard one, which generally have a wide distribution in various regions of Russia and throughout the world. The study of various aspects of the interaction of ACER algorithms with non-standard varieties of the Russian language, as well as existing approaches to creating an ASR product that can process such idioms, today seems to be an urgent direction. The aim of the work is to analyze in detail the methods for developing ASR systems capable of performing the task of recognizing and processing speech samples of speakers of Russian language forms different from the standard, which may contribute to further research on this topic. The research material is based on the software interface of the SOVA ASR application for automatic speech recognition, as well as a selection of audio recordings of speech of native speakers of the Central Asian and Ukrainian versions of Russian, and the corresponding transcription texts. The research methods such as the study and analysis of specialized literature, data collection for subsequent software processing, qualitative and quantitative analysis, and experimental data are used.
Transcultural and Literary Measurements of Evolution of Feminism: La Jouissance Versus Κάθαρση
Authors: Bilchenko Ievgenia V.
Published: September 2021

The relevance of the topic is due to the radicalization of the feminist movement in the global multicultural world, which is reflected in philosophical and literary reflection. The aim of the study is to reveal the socio-cultural and literary dimensions of feminist discourse through the prism of transcultural and decolonization projects. Research materials: original English-language texts of cultural and social studies, ancient sacred texts in Sanskrit in English translations, Russian-language philosophical, sociological, political science, psychoanalytic, philological and cultural studies. Research methods: dialectical, concrete-historical, phenomenological-hermeneutic, semiotic, comparative, structuralistic, psychoanalytic, deconstructivistic. Research results: demonstration of the evolution of feminism from class (Marxist) to culturalist (neoliberal) through its three historical waves with literary examples. The conclusion of the study is the shift of feminist ideals from the pattern of cathartic emancipation through gender equality to the pattern of pragmatic pleasure through gender superiority based on the theory of difference and privilege and the politics of protectionism and identity.
Moscow Hodonyms: Representation of Linguo-Cultural Information in the Toponymy Training Database
Authors: Qu Yue
Published: September 2021

On the example of three semantic fields identified in the corpus of historical Moscow hodonyms (Daily Life, Color and Occupation), it is demonstrated how the description of hodonyms by groups of features can contribute to the formation of toponymic images that approach the Russian toponymic picture of the world. As a result of the study, it is concluded that the reconstruction of the toponymic image based on the identification of semantic fields of toponyms contributes to the formation of the secondary linguistic personality with a great potential for adaptation to the foreign geocultural space.
“Language in Culture and Society”: VIII Annual Conference
Authors: Kulieva Sheker A.
Published: September 2021

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Caracterización de la oferta del crimen en Colombia 2010-2017
Authors: Martínez Duarte Héctor Daniel , Ramirez Romero Angel david , Botello Sánchez Eder Alexander
Published: September 2021

El crimen es un fenómeno social altamente complejo. Si bien para su comprensión se ha hecho necesario el abordaje desde diversas ciencias dada su multidimensionalidad, el enfoque ortodoxo sigue siendo una de las mejores aproximaciones al explicar el comportamiento promedio del mismo.El presente artículo tiene como fin caracterizar la oferta criminal de Colombia y sus departamentos para contribuir a una mejor comprensión. Para ello, se vale del análisis estadístico descriptivo y geoespacial de las principales variables que rodean el delito desde la teoría clásica de la economía del crimen y sus más recientes aplicaciones. Los resultados sugieren que el crimen y su comportamiento no solo ha mutado en los últimos años, sino que no es homogéneo en todo el territorio dadas las diversas condiciones de los mismos.
Transición de los sistemas generalizados de preferencias: un cambio de política en cooperación internacional
Authors: Baena Rojas Jose Jaime
Published: September 2021

Tras el fin de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la cooperación internacional aumentó notablemente. Este escenario propició el auge de preferencias arancelarias unilaterales a través de los sistemas generalizados de preferencias (SGP), entendidos como otro mecanismo para promover el desarrollo económico y social. De este modo, en este documento se efectúa un estudio descriptivo sobre el comportamiento de este tipo de tratados internacionales a partir de la base de datos de los acuerdos comerciales regionales de la Organización Mundial de Comercio. Se concluye que los SGP, concedidos a los países menos adelantados, parecen extinguirse a causa de los nuevos intereses de los países adelantados que firman acuerdos de libre comercio (ALC) para acabar ciertos SGP, y porque los ALC permiten crear disposiciones normativas adicionales al margen de la OMC.
Diseño del esquema de calidad de la experiencia turística en hoteles
Authors: González Camejo Ivis Taide , Vega de la Cruz Leudis Orlando , Chong Poutou Juan Antonio
Published: September 2021

La calidad de la experiencia turística constituye un elemento determinante en la satisfacción del cliente a partir de la última década. El objetivo de este artículo es diseñar el esquema de calidad de la experiencia turística para entidades hoteleras. Para ello, se emplearon herramientas estadísticas que facilitaron la identificación de los elementos determinantes, siguiendo el enfoque del ciclo de gestión. Como principal resultado de esta investigación, se presenta un esquema de calidad de la experiencia turística adaptado a las características del sector hotelero que integra los componentes, dimensiones y ámbitos de la experiencia que más influyen en la percepción de la calidad por parte del cliente, lo que permite identificar las expectativas del cliente y diseñar estrategias en función de estas.
Análisis prospectivo y escenario de pymes panaderas, caso megasuperior en la provincia Tsachilas – Ecuador
Authors: Pilay Toala Félix , Gallardo Montes Lady , Vásquez Muñoz Lissette
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es dar a conocer los beneficios del uso de la disciplina prospectiva estratégica para el correcto direccionamiento y toma de decisiones en las empresas panaderas, caso megasuperior. La metodología aplicada cuali-cuantitativa con investigación descriptiva, utilizó un software Mic Mac para analizar la relación entre las variables Mactor que establece la identificación de actores para convergencias y divergencias; se aplicaron a expertos 100 encuestas Delphi de una muestra por conveniencia para obtener probabilidades simples y condicionales. La obtención de factores claves se efectuó a través del diagnóstico para la información de fuentes primarias y secundarias, se procedió a identificar escenarios en donde se cumplieron los objetivos, se verificó procedimientos de ejecución en el árbol de pertinencias. Se contrastó con la teoría de Godet para el procesamiento de datos que permitieron reducir incertidumbres ante las probabilidades subjetivas. Los resultados evidenciaron cambios ocurridos y originados por el alto endeudamiento, deficiente política de ventas y restricción de mercado. Los hallazgos mediante el método Mic Mac, existencia de nodos críticos por el alto nivel de dependencia, baja rotación de inventario y escasa fuerza de ventas. Conclusiones, que el endeudamiento supera los límites financieros saludables.