bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of TOI-406 as a showcase of the THIRSTEE program
Authors: Lacedelli G. , Pallé E. , Luque R. , Cadieux C. , Murphy J. M. Akana , Murgas F. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. , Tabernero H. M. , Collins K. A. , Watkins C. N. , L’Heureux A. , Doyon R. , Jankowski D. , Nowak G. , Artigau É. , Batalha N. M. , Bean J. L. , Bouchy F. , Brady M. , Canto Martins B. L. , Carleo I. , Cointepas M. , Conti D. M. , Cook N. J. , Crossfield I. J. M. , González Hernández J. I. , Lewin P. , Nari N. , Nielsen L. D. , Orell-Miquel J. , Parc L. , Schwarz R. P. , Srdoc G. , Van Eylen V.
Published: November 2024

Context. The exoplanet sub-Neptune population currently poses a conundrum, as to whether small-size planets are volatile-rich cores without an atmosphere, or rocky cores surrounded by a H-He envelope. To test the different hypotheses from an observational point of view, a large sample of small-size planets with precise mass and radius measurements is the first necessary step. On top of that, much more information will likely be needed, including atmospheric characterisation and a demographic perspective on their bulk properties.

Aims. We present here the concept and strategy of the THIRSTEE project, which aims to shed light on the composition of the sub-Neptune population across stellar types by increasing their number and improving the accuracy of bulk density measurements, as well as investigating their atmospheres and performing statistical, demographic analysis. We report the first results of the program, characterising a new two-planet system around the M-dwarf TOI-406.

Methods. We analysed TESS and ground-based photometry together with high-precision ESPRESSO and NIRPS/HARPS radial velocities to derive the orbital parameters and investigate the internal composition of the two planets orbiting TOI-406.

Results. TOI-406 hosts two planets with radii and masses of Rc = 1.32 ± 0.12 R⊕, Mc = 2.08−0.22+0.23 M⊕ and Rb = 2.08−0.15+0.16 R⊕, Mb = 6.57−0.90+1.00 M⊕, orbiting with periods of 3.3 and 13.2 days, respectively. The inner planet is consistent with an Earth-like composition, while the external one is compatible with multiple internal composition models, including volatile-rich planets without H/He atmospheres. The two planets are located in two distinct regions in the mass-density diagram, supporting the existence of a density gap among small exoplanets around M dwarfs. With an equilibrium temperature of only Teq = 368 K, TOI-406 b stands up as a particularly interesting target for atmospheric characterisation with JWST in the low-temperature regime.
Vera rubin observatory and LSST
Authors: Ansari R. , Doux C.
Published: November 2024

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory [1] is a large, 8-meter class, wide field of view optical telescope instrumented with a gigantic, 3 billion pixel, astronomical camera. It is designed to carry out a photometric survey of the southern sky and will map more than half of the sky every 4 nights.
Peering into the cosmic depths with high-energy neutrinos
Authors: Coniglione R. , Ferrara G.
Published: November 2024

Neutrinos, elusive particles that can be detected with extraordinary apparatus located in the hostile environments of deep water or deep polar ice, offer a unique opportunity to explore the most violent phenomena in our universe. The observation of the first highenergy astrophysical neutrinos has ushered in a new era of neutrino astronomy.
A rare case report on infratemporal, masticator and parapharyngeal space infection secondary to decayed upper wisdom tooth
Authors: Rajanikanth B.R. , Prasad K. , Achar A.T.
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Space infections of infratemporal and temporal spaces are rare. These spaces rarely present as the primary space. An infection here could migrate to cavernous sinus through the pterygoid plexus or into the orbit through the valveless ophthalmic veins which has dangerous consequences. Case report: A 66-year-old male reported to the Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery with difficulty in mouth opening and pain in left temporal region. Patient was prescribed antibiotics and analgesics and recalled for extraction of upper left third molar under local anaesthesia once mouth opening improved. After 15 days, patient presented with generalized edema in relation to left side of the face. MRI revealed abscess in Left infratemporal spaces and edema of the left parotid, pharyngeal space and effusion of left temporomandibular joint. Incision and drainage along with extraction of upper left third molar was performed under general anaesthesia. Conclusion: Infratemporal space is a primary space involved in odontogenic infections and symptoms of this are hard to identify. If left untreated, it may spread to deeper spaces. Immediate intervention in the form of extraction of offending teeth and/or incision and drainage along with adequate intravenous antibiotics and analgesics will help the clinician to treat this condition.
Characteristics of biodegradable polymers when subjected to ceramic coatings
Authors: Mazurchevici Simona-Nicoleta , Marguta Alina , Nedelcu Dumitru
Published: November 2024

This manuscript highlights the behavior of a biodegradable polymer (Arboblend V2 Nature) coated with three distinct ceramic powders, Cr2O3–chromium oxide thermal spray powder, ZrO2 18TiO2 10Y2O3–zirconia–titania–yttria composite powder and Cr2O3-xSiO2-yTiO2–chromia–silica composite powder. The coated was realized on injected samples by using the Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS) technique. The current investigation will explain the results related to the surface quality, micro-structure, morphology, mechanical, thermal and tribological properties. Thus, from a structural point of view the most uniform deposition was obtained in the case of composite powder based on zirconia. The thermal behavior of the samples coated with ceramic micro layers achieved stability up to temperatures slightly above 200 °C, pyrolysis taking place around 340 °C. The micro indentation, DMA, and scratch analysis responses were significantly influenced by the crystalline structure of the samples and the presence of the Cr2O3 compound. Based on the increased characteristics of the coated samples the authors of the present paper consider that from parts made of biodegradable polymers and coated with ceramic micro-particles are appropriate for some applications that required harsh operating conditions.
Micro-mechanism of static softening of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Hui-Hua Wen , Feng-Ming Qin , Hui-Qin Chen
Published: November 2024

The stress softening behavior and microstructure evolution of Mn18Cr18N steel remelted by electroslag remelting during the holding process were studied through two-pass hot compression tests with different parameters. The static recrystallization kinetics model of the steel was established by calculating the softening rate in two-pass hot compression, and the activation energy of static recrystallization was calculated to be 279.81 KJ/mol. Investigation of microstructural showed that the occurrence of complete static recrystallization needed sufficiently pre-strain and temperature. The static recrystallization was basically completed when compressed to a pre-strain 0.26 after holding 120 s with 1 s−1 at 1273 K. While the pre-strain was lowered to 0.18 requires a longer holding time of 320 s or a higher temperature of 1373 K to obtain complete static recrystallization. The EBSD analysis of the static recrystallization grain structure shows that the static recrystallization nucleation mechanism of this steel is mainly dominated by dislocation driven grain boundary migration, and few annealing twins are generated during the grain boundary migration process, promoting the fine homogenisation of the grains.
Numerical simulation of stress and strain in cast-rolling of AZ31 magnesium alloy
Authors: Cai Guofeng , Huang Zhiquan , Gao Xiangyu , Zou Jinchao , Liang Hanxiao
Published: November 2024

A numerical simulation of a two-roll continuous casting machine has been performed. The influence of the key process parameters on the position of the end of solidification (called here solidification welding point: SWP), and on the stress state in the solidified strip have been analyzed. The stress and strain distribution in the rolling stage and the mechanism of the change of thermal stresses caused by air cooling on the edge crack were analyzed by the structural simulation in the plastic forming stage. The results show that the cracking tendency is the smallest when the cast-rolling temperature is 930 K, the heat transfer capacity of the roll is 3000 W/(m2 K) and the cast-rolling speed is 3.2 m/min. The equivalent strain at the edge of the cast-rolled sheet is higher than that in the middle, and cracks are more likely to occur. After passing through the roll gap, the thermal stress changes through three stages: transient, transition and stability, and the shrinkage along the width direction is much larger than that in the thickness direction.
Effect of annealing process on recrystallization behavior of non-oriented silicon steel with Nb-rich for new energy vehicles
Authors: Li Jipeng , Zhang Huimin , Zhang Chengyuan , Wu Zhongwang , Su Zhihe , Lin Zibo
Published: November 2024

Baiyun Ebo ore in Inner Mongolia in China is an associated ore rich in RE, Nb, Ti and other elements, which still have trace residues after smelting. In order to promote the comprehensive utilization of superior mineral resources and give full play to the role of these alloying elements in steel, the microstructure, texture and precipitates evolution of non-oriented silicon steel containing Nb were studied in different annealing processes in this research. The results show that when the non-oriented silicon steel containing Nb is annealed at 850°C, with the extension of annealing time, the recrystallized grains preferably nucleate and grow in the deformation band and grain boundary on the surface of the annealing plate. When the holding time is 3 min, the recrystallization proportion is about 20%. When the holding time reaches 9 minutes, recrystallization occurs completely, and the final recrystallization texture is mainly {111}<112> orientation. The precipitates of the steel is mainly Fe16Nb6Si7 after annealing, the particle size can reach 100 nm. When annealed at 850°C, the volume fraction of Fe16Nb6Si7 phase decreases with the increase of annealing time, from 0.03236% to 0.01036%. When annealed at 850 °C for 3 min, the strength of the second phase increases to 9.4 MPa, and when the annealing time reaches 9 min, the strength of the second phase increases to 3.88 MPa. Therefore, when annealed at 850 °C, the precipitation of Fe16Nb6Si7 particles has little effect on the intensity increment. In the design of annealing process, the Nb-rich phase should be solid dissolved into the matrix as much as possible, on one hand, the adverse effects of particles on magnetic induction and iron loss are reduced, on the other hand, the strength of non-oriented silicon steel can be improved by solid solution strengthening.
Erfahrungen von Psychologen und Sporttherapeuten mit der Durchführung
offener und geschlossener Therapiegruppen
Authors: Südmeier Meike , Gissendanner Scott , Lorenz Kai , Muschalla Beate
Published: November 2024

In Literatur und Forschung mangelt es an Vergleichsstudien zu offenen und
geschlossenen Therapiegruppen. Differenzielle, bislang theoretisch und praktisch
fundierte Charakteristika beider Formate sind vermutlich für unterschiedliche
therapeutisch relevante Effekte verantwortlich. Ziel der vorliegenden Analyse
ist es, den bisherigen Forschungsstand durch eine Bestandsaufnahme von
Expertenerfahrungen eines Therapeutenteams mit beiden Gruppenformaten zu
ergänzen und Hinweise für die Auswahl eines geeigneten Gruppenformates
bereitzustellen. Dazu wurden die Psychologen und Sporttherapeuten einer
Abteilung für verhaltensmedizinisch orientierte orthopädische Rehabilitation
(VOR) während einer Umstellung von geschlossenen auf offene Gruppen in offenen
leitfadengestützten Gesprächen zu ihren Erfahrungen befragt. Ihre Antworten
wurden mithilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. In der Literatur
benannte Charakteristika offener und geschlossener Gruppen bestätigen sich
überwiegend. Sie werden mit in der Literatur noch nicht identifizierten
Aspekten, die den Therapiealltag und die Therapeutenmotivation betreffen,
ergänzt. Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen Sport- und Psychotherapie
werden herausgestellt. Geschlossene Gruppen sind von einem Zusammenwachsen und
tiefergehenden Beziehungen im Therapieverlauf geprägt. Sitzungen geschlossener
Gruppen können aufeinander aufbauen und laufen strukturiert ab. Offene Gruppen
weisen einen über die Zeit gleichbleibenden Energielevel und stärkere Dynamik
auf und bieten breite Kontaktmöglichkeiten. Verschiedene Patientenrollen in
Therapiegruppen müssen in beiden Formaten im Blick behalten werden. Beide
Gruppenformen verfügen über Charakteristika, die für verschiedene Therapieziele
und Indikationen differenziert genutzt werden können, und haben somit ihre
Berechtigung im therapeutischen Kontext. Diese empirischen Befunde legen nahe,
dass Therapeuten eine spezifische Gruppenform gezielt auswählen können, um
spezifische Patiententypen besser zu unterstützen oder spezifische Therapieziele
zu realisieren.
Is rural nonfarm employment distress driven in Uttar Pradesh? Evidence from the NSSO rounds and PLF survey
Authors: Hashmi Shadab
Published: November 2024

Using National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) data, this study assesses the employment situation in Uttar Pradesh (UP), the most populous state in India, focusing on rural nonfarm employment. The primary objective of our study is to investigate the potential reasons for the movement of the labour force from farm to nonfarm activities over time in Uttar Pradesh. In UP, we observe that a higher proportion of workers are engaged in casual employment and employment growth stagnation in the rural manufacturing sector. We further observe that there is a declining proportion of people who are self-employed and regularly employed, and this situation has contributed to the casualisation of the rural workforce in UP. We also find that the average wages in agriculture are lower than those in non-agricultural activities. These observations point to the direction of distress in the agricultural sector, causing a shift in the workforce to a rural nonfarm sector. Casual employment in the rural nonfarm sector is considered to be low-paying employment compared to self-employment and regular employment outside agriculture, which are considered better-paying options. Hence, any movement of the workforce from agriculture to rural casual nonfarm employment is possibly driven by distress in the agricultural sector. Using a multinomial logit model, this study reveals that across all employment status categories, including agricultural labour, cultivators, nonfarm regular employment, nonfarm self-employment, and nonfarm casual employment, the likelihood of working in high-paying nonfarm regular and self-employment activities increases with better educational attainment, larger landholdings, and placement among the upper castes in social groups.
Fundamental optical transitions in hexagonal boron nitride epilayers
Authors: Li J. , Lin J. Y. , Jiang H. X.
Published: November 2024

Fundamental optical transitions in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) epilayers grown on sapphire by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using triethylboron as the boron precursor have been probed by photoluminescence (PL) emission spectroscopy. The low temperature (10 K) PL spectrum exhibits two groups of emission lines. The first group includes the direct observation of the free exciton and impurity bound exciton (BX) transitions and phonon replicas of the BX transition, whereas the second group is attributed to the direct observation of the band-to-band transition and its associated phonon replicas. The observations of zero-phonon lines of the band-to-band and exciton transitions, which are supposedly forbidden or “dark” in perfect h-BN crystals, result from a relaxed requirement of momentum conservation due to symmetry-breaking in the presence of high concentrations of impurities/defects and strain, which in turn provided more deterministic values of the energy bandgap (Eg), exciton binding energy (Ex), and binding energy of impurity bound excitons (EBX) in h-BN epilayers. Excitonic parameters of h-BN epilayers grown by MOCVD, carbon-free chemical vapor deposition, and high purity h-BN bulk materials are compared and discussed. The present results, together with available information in the literature, represent a significant improvement in the understanding of the fundamental optical properties and excitonic parameters of h-BN ultrawide bandgap semiconductors.
IFN-γ-induced Th1-Treg polarization in inflamed brains limits exacerbation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Okamoto Masaaki , Kuratani Ayumi , Okuzaki Daisuke , Kamiyama Naganori , Kobayashi Takashi , Sasai Miwa , Yamamoto Masahiro
Published: November 2024

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most widely used rodent model for multiple sclerosis. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) are individually well known to play beneficial roles in amelioration of EAE. However, little is known about the relationship between IFN-γ and Tregs during the disease. Here, we show that IFN-γ polarizes Tregs into T helper 1 (Th1)-type Tregs (Th1-Tregs) to recover from EAE. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that brain Tregs showed signs of IFN-γ stimulation during EAE. Loss of IFN-γ signaling in Tregs and of T cell-derived IFN-γ impaired the Th1-Treg polarization and worsened the disease. Moreover, selective ablation of Th1-Tregs using an intersectional genetic method promoted proinflammatory features of macrophages in the inflamed brains and exacerbated the EAE. Taken together, our study highlights a critical role of T cell-derived IFN-γ for Th1-Treg polarization in inflamed brain to ameliorate EAE.
Small-molecule disruption of androgen receptor–dependent chromatin clusters
Authors: Kohrt Sarah E. , Novak Emily J. , Tapadar Subhashish , Wu Bocheng , Strope Jonathan , Asante Yaw , Kim Hyunmin , Chang Matthew S. , Gurdak Douglas , Khalil Athar , Rood Michael , Raftery Eric , Stavreva Diana , Nguyen Holly M. , Brown Lisha G. , Ramser Maddy , Peer Cody , Meyers Warren M. , Aboreden Nicholas , Chakravortee Maharshi , Sallari Richard , Nelson Peter S. , Kelly Kathleen K. , Graham Thomas G. W. , Darzacq Xavier , Figg William D. , Oyelere Adegboyega K. , Corey Eva , Adelaiye-Ogala Remi , Gryder Berkley E.
Published: November 2024

Sustained androgen receptor (AR) signaling during relapse is a central driver of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Current AR antagonists, such as enzalutamide, fail to provide long-term benefit for the mCRPC patients who have dramatic increases in AR expression. Here, we report AR antagonists with efficacy in AR-overexpressing models. These molecules bind to the ligand-binding domain of the AR, promote AR localization to the nucleus, yet potently and selectively down-regulate AR-target genes. The molecules BG-15a and the pharmacokinetically optimized BG-15n elicit a decrease in cell and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo in models of mCRPC. BG-15a/n treatment causes the collapse of chromatin loops between enhancers and promoters at key genes in the AR-driven epigenome. AR binding in the promoter, as well as 3D chromatin clustering, is needed for genes to respond. BG-15a/n represent promising agents for treating patients with relapsed AR-driven mCRPC tumors.
1.1.2. Early modern holograph manuscripts
Authors: Woudhuysen H. R.
Published: November 2024

Early modern holograph manuscripts are particularly well served by Peter Beal’s online Catalogue of English Literary Manuscripts, 1450–1700. Using this resource, it is possible to study the autograph literary manuscripts of 236 named authors. The question of whether their holographs are drafts or fair copies is by no means always certain. Different sorts of manuscripts, the forms they take, and the occasions on which they were written are described and particular attention is paid to those by women. While often relying on professional scribes to produce fair copies, writers themselves tended to like revising those manuscripts, as well as to revise and correct their own autograph fair copies.
1.2.3. Eastern European traditions
Authors: Antoniuk Mateusz , Flaišman Jirí , Kosák Michal , Major Ágnes , Navrátil Martin , Yesypenko Dmytro
Published: November 2024

This chapter refers to literature in five languages: Czech, Hungarian, Polish, Slovak and Ukrainian. Firstly, it presents the histories of Eastern European literary drafts. In this section answers to the following questions are delivered: from what time do the oldest surviving rough drafts date? How did the culture of archiving evolve? What impact did historical events have on the state of preservation of the documents? The focus then shifts to the issue of the genetic approach in Eastern European scholarship. The aim of this section is to discuss how creative writing processes were dealt with by different philological traditions. Finally, East European reception of critique génétique is presented.
1.2.6. French traditions
Authors: Johansson Franz
Published: November 2024

Victor Hugo’s bequest of all his work documents to the Bibliothèque nationale de France in 1881 shook off a tradition characterised by a certain indifference to the manuscript in its material and historic existence. Despite some one-off undertakings, it was not until the 1960s that an original theory and a systematic method of examining manuscripts, and more particularly drafts in their various forms, was developed in France: genetic criticism’s concerns and procedures, in their intention to understand the gestation processes of a work through each of its material traces, have spread throughout Europe and the world, and have become essential in the field of textual criticism.
Dissecting Superradiant Phase Transition in the Quantum Rabi Model
Authors: Yang 杨 Yun-Tong 贇彤 , Luo 罗 Hong-Gang 洪刚
Published: November 2024

Phase transitions are both thermodynamically and quantum-mechanically ubiquitous in nature and laboratories, and their understanding remains one of the most active issues in modern physics and related disciplines. The Landau theory provides a general framework to describe phenomenologically phase transitions by introducing order parameters and associated symmetry breaking. This theory is also taken as a starting point to explore critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions in the renormalization group, which provides a complete theoretical description of behaviors close to critical points. In this context, the microscopic mechanism of phase transitions remains unclear. In this study, we explore the microscopic mechanism of the superradiant phase transition in the quantum Rabi model (QRM). First, we perform a diagonalization operation in an operator space to obtain three fundamental patterns, denoted as λ
1, λ
2, and λ
3, involved in the QRM. Then, we explicitly analyze the energy evolutions of these patterns with increasing coupling strength. The observed characteristic behaviors reveal the microscopic mechanism of the superradiant phase transition as a consequence of competition between patterns due to different phase relations. In other words, with increasing coupling strength, the pattern λ
1 drives the phase transition, the pattern λ
2 exhibits a similar response speed but less energy compensation than the pattern λ
1, and the pattern λ
3 exhibits a slow response speed but plays a key role in the balance between it and the pattern λ
1, which stabilizes the new phase. This type of dissecting mechanism explains why and how the superradiant phase transition occurs in the QRM and paves the way for exploring the microscopic mechanism of phase transitions that occur frequently in nature.
Relic gravitons and non-stationary processes
Authors: Giovannini Massimo
Published: November 2024

Stationary processes do not accurately describe the diffuse backgrounds of relic gravitons whose correlations are homogeneous in space (i.e. only dependent upon the distance between the two spatial locations) but not in time. The symmetries of the autocorrelations ultimately reflect the quantum mechanical origin of the diffuse backgrounds and lead to non-stationary observables at late time. In particular, large oscillations are believed to arise in the spectral energy density that is customarily (but approximately) related to the tensor power spectrum. When the full expression of the spectral energy density is employed the amplitudes of oscillation are instead suppressed in the large-scale limit and the non-stationary features of the late-time signal practically disappear. For similar reasons the relations between the spectral energy density and the spectral amplitude are ambiguous in the presence of non-stationary features. While it is debatable if the non-stationary features are (or will be) directly detectable, we argue that the spectral amplitude following from the Wiener-Khintchine theorem is generally inappropriate for a consistent description of the relic signal. Nevertheless the strong oscillatory behaviour of the late-time observables is naturally smeared out provided the spectral energy density is selected as pivotal variable.
Manipulating optical and electronic properties through interfacial ferroelectricity
Authors: Liu 刘 Yulu 钰璐 , Liu 刘 Gan 敢 , Xi 奚 Xiaoxiang 啸翔
Published: November 2024

Interfacial ferroelectricity is a recently established mechanism for generating spontaneous reversible electric polarization, arising from the charge transfer between stacked van der Waals layered atomic crystals. It has been realized in both naturally formed multilayer crystals and moiré superlattices. Owing to the large number of material choices and combinations, this approach is highly versatile, greatly expanding the scope of ultrathin ferroelectrics. A key advantage of interfacial ferroelectricity is its potential to couple with preexisting properties of the constituent layers, enabling their electrical manipulation through ferroelectric switching and paving the way for advanced device functionalities. This review article summarizes recent experimental progress in interfacial ferroelectricity, with an emphasis on its coupling with a variety of electronic properties. After introducing the underlying mechanism of interfacial ferroelectricity and the range of material systems discovered to date, we highlight selected examples showcasing ferroelectric control of excitonic optical properties, Berry curvature effects, and superconductivity. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities that await further studies in this field.
Quasinormal modes of a black hole surrounded by a fluid of strings in Rastall gravity*
Authors: Zhang 张 Ming 明 , Yue 岳 Rui-Hong 瑞宏 , Zou 邹 De-Cheng 德成
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we explore the quasinormal modes (QNMs) of a black hole surrounded by a fluid of strings within the framework of Rastall gravity. We analyze the behavior of scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational perturbations, focusing on the influences of black hole charge Q and angular momentum l on the quasinormal frequencies. Our numerical results reveal a significant dependence on parameter ε. These trends are consistent across different types of perturbations, emphasizing the relationship between black hole parameters and QNM behavior.
Representative Points Based Goodness-of-fit Test for Location-scale Distributions
Authors: Li Jie , Liang Jiajuan , Kang Jiangrui , Peng Xiaoling
Published: November 2024

The classical Pearson-Fisher chi-square test is a general approach to testing goodness-of-fit for univariate data. There is a considerable amount of discussion on how to effectively apply this test to practical goodness-of-fit problems in the literature. However, the choice of optimal grouping intervals in constructing the chi-square statistic still remains arguable and uncertain. Based on the statistical principle of defining the mean-square-error representative points, we propose to employ the statistical representative points to construct the Pearson-Fisher chi-square test. We carry out an extensive Monte Carlo study on the performance of the new-type of chi-square test by focusing on some location-scale distributions. It shows that our construction of the chi-square test outperforms the traditional construction of the same test by using equiprobable points for the grouping intervals in the sense of type I error control and power against some general alternative distributions.
A Data-driven Modeling and Control Method for CO2 Expanding Tobacco Production Line
Authors: Huang Liren , Wang Hao , Zhong Daoyue , Huang Guoyun , Dong Zixin , Nong Yizhou
Published: November 2024

An expanded tobacco production line is a typical industrial process with a large time lag, nonlinearity and time-varying nature. Aiming at the controller design problem of this industrial process, this paper proposes a control scheme that adopts the Dalin control algorithm based on a data-driven model. The scheme first regards the industrial process of expanding tobacco as a dynamic object that can be linearized near the working point, then calculates the parameters of the dynamic linearized model by using the Kaczmarz projection algorithm, and finally obtains the controller parameters according to the Dahlin control algorithm. The simulation and calculation results show that the scheme can extract an effective data-driven model from the production data and design reliable controller parameters.
State of Charge Estimation for Lithium-ion Battery Using Long Short-Term Memory Networks
Authors: Chen Huimin , Wang Liyong , Xu Yangyang , Jin Yuan , Chen Xi , Zhang Qian , Li Shengjia , Liao Chenglin , Wang Lifang , Wang Liye
Published: November 2024

Accurate estimation of the State of Charge (SOC) in lithium-ion batteries is crucial for enhancing performance and extending battery life, especially in applications like electric vehicles and energy storage systems. This study introduces a novel method for SOC estimation that utilizes Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks. To evaluate the LSTM model’s effectiveness, we compared its performance with that of Backpropagation (BP) neural networks and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as the evaluation metric. The findings reveal that the LSTM model achieved a significantly lower RMSE of 0.0107, surpassing the performance of the BP neural network and RNN, which had RMSEs of 0.015 and 0.0149, respectively. These results highlight the LSTM network’s exceptional capability to capture the temporal dynamics inherent in battery data, resulting in more accurate SOC predictions. This research underscores the substantial potential of LSTM networks in battery management systems and provides valuable insights into advancing SOC estimation methodologies.
Research of Shock Response Spectrum Prediction based on Machine Learning Method
Authors: Li Jian , Su Botai , Liu Xiaozhen , Zou Yuchi , Feng Zeng , Yang Lingzhi
Published: November 2024

Shock response spectrum (SRS) is the primary method of simulating explosive separation impact environment. SRS is obtained from shock experiments in traditional research, which consumes lots of materials. In this study, a prediction model based on machine learning (ML) is established to rapidly obtain SRS. 1053 sets of data obtained by shock experiments were used in the model. A total of 15 features are selected, in which 7 accelerations of different frequencies on the SRS are taken as target features. 7 types of ML algorithm are used for the prediction and the best one in each target is integrated in the completed model. The results indicate that the optimal average percentage errors at frequencies of 100Hz, 500Hz, 1000Hz, 3000Hz, 5000Hz, 7000Hz, and 10000Hz are 5.9%, 6.8%, 8.1%, 19.5%, 20.0%, 22.0%, and 19.7%, respectively. The error range of SRS fit by the 7 prediction targets is within ±20%. This study is contributed to improving the debugging efficiency of SRS.
Industrial Process Modeling Method Using Arima-ACNN-LSTM Coupling Algorithm
Authors: Cui Chen , Chen Jian
Published: November 2024

Considering the difficulty to built mechanisms models for complex industrial processes, this paper proposes a data-driven modelling method. This method includes a process for processing real industrial data and an improved deep learning algorithm. The data processing flow completes the basic preparation work for the raw data, and the improved algorithm calculates the model based on this. The improved algorithm is Arima-ACNN-LSTM coupling algorithm, which can enhance the original LSTM algorithm by adopting CNN and Attention mechanisms. The experimental results show that, the accuracy of the model using the proposed improved algorithm is better than that using the ARIMA algorithm, the LSTM algorithm and the ARIMA-LSTM coupling algorithm. So this paper provides an inspiring approach for industrial processes modelling with complex characteristics.
Edge Computing-driven Smart Transportation: Analysis and Prediction of Urban Traffic Flow
Authors: Zhong Huihui , Cai Kefan , Fan Jianjun
Published: November 2024

With the continuous development of artificial intelligence, the research and application of automated connected driving is receiving more and more attention. The combination of mobile edge computing and Telematics provides crucial technical support. In this paper, we propose a rasterization method for mobile edge computing scenario. We establish a grid classification model based on K-means to facilitate targeted and distributed optimization of computing resources. Meanwhile, we dynamically adjust the allocation of computational resources and the location of edge servers in advance deployment by predicting vehicle traffic. The experimental results demonstrate that the K-means-based grid classification model can accurately classify the grids and differentiate the traffic patterns of the grids, such as remote suburban areas, suburban areas, residential living areas, production industrial areas, and commercial center areas. The Backpropagation (BP) neural network-based grid traffic flow prediction model can simulate the overall changes of the grid traffic flow throughout a day to the maximum extent. Finally, we plan optimization scheme in urban mobile edge scenarios based on the results obtained from our analysis and prediction, and through our results, we can make edge computing resources be utilized efficiently.
Drone Delivery Trajectory Prediction Using Nonlinear First-order Systems and Their Numerical Solutions
Authors: Hu Shiven
Published: November 2024

Drone delivery trajectory prediction under extreme weather condition is an essential issue to consider in the application of unmanned aerial vehicles. In this paper, the nonlinear first-order differential equation system is established to describe the drone delivery trajectory, where the wind is considered in different formulations. In autonomous case where the variable “time” does not involve in equation system, the analytical solution is obtained. In the non-autonomous cases where variable “time” appear in our system, the numerical solutions are achieved by using the fourth-order method of Runge-Kutta. From the graphs of these solutions, it is clear to see that the nonlinear first-order systems proposed in this paper are reasonable to predict the trajectory of the unmanned aerial vehicle under different wind scenarios.
Optimization Method for Thin-walled Structures with Directional Stiffeners Based on Single-variable Characteristic Functions
Authors: Huang Zehan , Liao Haitao , Li Guangliang , Kong Xiangyi
Published: November 2024

Continuum topology optimization is a powerful structural optimization method, but its application often leads to thin-walled structures with complex and irregular stiffening patterns, making the manufacturing process challenging. To address this issue, a novel optimization method for thin-walled structures with directional stiffeners is proposed. By introducing the single-variable characteristic function into the Discrete Material Optimization (DMO) model, a diagonal elements scheme is developed. This approach significantly reduces the number of design variables and enables the rapid optimal design of thin-walled structures with directional stiffeners. Firstly, a set of single-variable are introduced to describe the stiffeners in a given direction. The original variables are transformed into a set of density functions using the single-variable characteristic function. These density functions are incorporated into the DMO model to construct a new interpolation model. The update of design variables is driven by the genetic algorithm. An adaptive smoothing strategy is employed to adjust the projection slope and penalty parameters, which improves optimization efficiency. A numerical example verifies that the proposed method not only successfully achieves optimized results but also ensures good manufacturability.
A New Mathematical Model in Three-dimensional Variational Data Assimilation for Air Quality Prediction
Authors: Zhu Zhaochen , Gao Yunyun , Li Haihe
Published: November 2024

The three-dimensional variational (3DVar) data assimilation is a critical component of air quality prediction, and the forecast state in air quality prediction is inferred to be approximately low rank and heavily laden with low-frequency noises through the application of tensor decomposition. To reduce the effects of these uncertainties and achieve a more precise analysis state, we establish a new objective function that consists of the weighted sum of three terms: the first term is the norm difference between the gradients of the forecast and analysis states, the second term is the norm difference between the observation and the analysis state in observational space, and the third term is the rank of the analysis state. Numerical results show that our treatment is superior to other methods, such as the classic 3DVar method, the En3DVar method, and the method of 3DVar with forecast gradient.
The Improved Inertial Navigation Algorithm for Low-cost MEMS Sensors
Authors: Feng Tong , Ming Chao , Xu Zihe , Bai Zhiheng
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes an improved low-cost inertial guidance solution algorithm to address the issue of insufficient solution accuracy of traditional low-cost device inertial guidance algorithms. The influence of the Earth’s rotation is introduced into the attitude update of the traditional low-cost inertial guidance algorithm, thereby improving the navigation and positioning capability of the carrier. The results of the simulation demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the traditional algorithm in terms of attitude angle error, with a reduction of four orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the northward and skyward velocity errors are reduced by one order of magnitude, while the eastward velocity dispersion is effectively suppressed. The positioning accuracy is improved by 66%. These findings provide valuable insights that can inform the development of low-cost MEMS navigation engineering applications.
Disjoint Optimizers and the Directed Landscape
Authors: Dauvergne Duncan , Zhang Lingfu
Published: November 2024

We study maximal length collections of disjoint paths, or ‘disjoint optimizers’, in the directed landscape. We show that disjoint optimizers always exist, and that their lengths can be used to construct an extended directed landscape. The extended directed landscape can be built from an independent collection of extended Airy sheets, which we define from the parabolic Airy line ensemble. We show that the extended directed landscape and disjoint optimizers are scaling limits of the corresponding objects in Brownian last passage percolation (LPP). As two consequences of this work, we show that one direction of the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth bijection passes to the KPZ limit, and we find a criterion for geodesic disjointness in the directed landscape that uses only a single parabolic Airy line ensemble.

The proofs rely on a new notion of multi-point LPP across the parabolic Airy line ensemble, combinatorial properties of multi-point LPP, and probabilistic resampling ideas.
Asymptotic Analysis for Sacks-Uhlenbeck 𝛼-Harmonic Maps From Degenerating Riemann Surfaces
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhu Miaomiao
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we investigate the asymptotic analysis and qualitative behaviour for a general sequence of Sacks-Uhlenbeck

α
\alpha

-harmonic maps from degenerating Riemann surfaces. This answers an open problem proposed by J. D. Moore, aiming at developing a partial Morse theory for closed parametrized minimal surfaces with arbitrary codimensions in compact Riemannian manifolds. In technical terms, we shall deal with three types of necks which give rise to new difficulties. We establish a generalized energy identity involving some new quantities, such as Pohozaev type constants which measure the extent to which the Pohozaev type identity fails, and some locating constants which characterize the limit position of the blow-up points in long hyperbolic cylinders. Furthermore, we show that the limit of necks are all geodesics in the target manifold where some length formulas are given. Finally, we exploit some geometric and topological conditions to ensure that the limiting neck geodesics appeared in a blow-up sequence of

α
\alpha

-harmonic maps with finite Morse index are all of finite length, which implies that energy identity hold.
Everyday Politics, Ordinary Lives
Authors: Bingham Adrian
Published: November 2024

What did British citizens really feel about the political system, their role in it, and the people who represented them? This book examines British democracy from below, investigating how electors understood politics and how they viewed its relationship to their lives, from the establishment of a near democracy with the Representation of the People Act 1918 up until the rise of the internet and 24-hour news channels in the early 1990s. It focuses on the everyday political opinions, discussions, and interactions of ordinary British voters in the period, and pays attention to the ways in which women, young people, and minoritized groups related to a political system dominated by middle-aged men. The book argues that most people, across the period, felt remote from politics and sceptical of politicians. But this reflected the perception that the world of parliamentary debates and party intrigue was distant, insular, and rather impenetrable, not that people did not care about political issues or have a desire to improve their position. Britain was home to plenty of everyday political thinking and conversation, and the amount and quality of this activity tended to increase and improve over the period as people became better educated, had access to more information through the media, and the power of the democratic ideal grew in strength over the period. The book maps these changing patterns of political support to deeper social and cultural developments, and thereby produce a new and distinctive history of British democracy that challenges some of the simplistic narratives that underpin contemporary political debate.
Introduction
Authors: Bingham Adrian
Published: November 2024

The introduction outlines the key themes of the book, discusses the relevant literature, explains the methodological approach, and sets out some of the key findings. It clarifies the use of terms such as ‘everyday’ and ‘ordinary’, noting that the central focus is on the ‘unmobilized majority’ of citizens who were not (or were only intermittently) party members, political activists or participants in social movements, and on how their thinking about politics was shaped by their family life, social and workplace interactions, and media consumption. It argues for a fluid and capacious definitions of both ‘politics’ and ‘engagement’. It explains that the book analyses three broad types of popular political thinking: high-level frames and narratives; opinions about the performance and competence of leaders, parties, and governing institutions; and views about specific issues and policies.
Divided Democracy, Early 1970s to Early 1990s
Authors: Bingham Adrian
Published: November 2024

This chapter shows how the tensions underlying British politics emerged more clearly from the early 1970s as the economic situation worsened, and Conservative and Labour governments alike struggled to deal with challenges of weakening growth, inflation, and industrial action. Ordinary voters were becoming increasingly disillusioned with the main parties and susceptible to alternatives. Margaret Thatcher, who became Conservative leader in 1975, was able to exploit the appetite for change with a rhetoric of individual opportunity and the return of traditional values that resonated with people who were anxious about the overreach of the state, the power of trade unions, and the pace of social change. Thatcher alienated as many voters as she attracted, but she was able to marshal a powerful electoral coalition against a divided political opposition, particularly after her leadership in the Falklands War transformed belief in her overall competence. With social and economic divisions widening, however, and modest victories in general elections translating into crushing parliamentary majorities, significant sections of the population were becoming further disaffected with politics. The 1992 election demonstrated the importance of competence in voters’ calculations, but enthusiasm for politics, and trust in politicians, remained at a low ebb.
Oral Poetry from Yemen and the Arabian Peninsula Part I: The Qaṣīdah
Authors: Liebhaber Samuel
Published: November 2024

The intellectual discipline of orality and literacy studies has moved beyond a binary approach to entertain the possibility of multiple oralities and literacies. This multisided approach emphasizes the considerable overlap between orality and literacy, centering the notion of transitional literature: practices of “orature” (oral literature) characterized by the interplay of oral composition and writing technologies, extemporized performance, and stable texts. Given the coexistence of vibrant popular poetic traditions with written practices and the text concept in the Arabian Peninsula and Yemen for nearly two millennia, the analysis of those traditions offers new insights into the concept of transitional literatures. The Arabian Peninsula witnessed the first attestations of Arabic poetry: the pre-Islamic qaṣīdahs, which are preserved as written texts yet embody an oral imaginary. From the 8th century ce onward, critical assessment began to favor literary Arabic poetry with its sophisticated, cosmopolitan stylings. Poetry perceived as rural, noncosmopolitan, and oral—while very much a part of the cultural landscape—was disregarded in the critical corpus and remained virtually undocumented until the 20th century. The 20th century witnessed a reassessment of folk poetry and poetic traditions from Yemen and the Arabian Peninsula; folk poetry that had been formerly ignored was documented in Arabic and non-Arabic scholarship. As that scholarship increasingly demonstrates, Arabian and Yemeni rural folk poetry is not the product of a primary oral culture but, rather, incorporates elements of orality and written culture to appeal to different sources of social and political authority.
Inflection Classes in Nouns and Adjectives in the Romance Languages
Authors: Bach Xavier
Published: November 2024

The history of inflection classes in nouns and adjectives in the Romance languages involves a number of changes, which most often imply the loss of distinctions (loss of features such as case, loss of values such as the neuter gender, or loss of inflection class distinctions), but which can also imply a multiplication of new distinctions (features of predication or position, development of new inflection class distinctions based on the phonology of nouns). Class distinctions have often been said to be marked by final vowel distinctions, but it is not always so, and a number of systems present classes while having lost most final vowels.