bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PAINFUL ECCRINE ANGIOMATOUS NEVUS ON THE SOLE
Authors: Kikuchi Ichiro , Kuroki Yasumasa , Inoue Shouhei
Published: April 2015

A case of painful eccrine angiomatous nevus of the sole in a five‐year‐old boy is presented.
CELL‐MEDIATED IMMUNITY TO VARICELLA‐ZOSTER VIRUS DEMONSTRATED BY LYMPHOCYTE TRANSFORMATION IN HERPES ZOSTER
Authors: Hata Seiichiro
Published: April 2015

Lymphocyte transformation by varicella‐zoster virus antigen was investigated in 43 blood samples from herpes zoster patients without serious underlying diseases. Lymphocyte responses were low in the early days of the illness and increased in the convalescent stage with wide dispersion. Although the intensity of the skin test and complement fixing antibody became mostly positive on coincident convalescent days, no distinct correlation was observed in the values of these three immunological indexes.
HISTIDINE‐RICH PROTEIN AS A POSSIBLE ORIGIN OF FREE AMINO ACIDS OF STRATUM CORNEUM
Authors: Horii Izumi , Kawasaki Kiyoshi , Koyama Junichi , Nakayama Yasuhisa , Nakajima Keisuke , Okazaki Kuninobu , Seiji Makoto
Published: April 2015

Pulse‐chase labeling experiments with 3H‐histidine and 3H‐arginine were performed in hairless mice to investigate the origin of free amino acids in the stratum corneum. Time‐course labeling of epidermal proteins was examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacryl amide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE). The radioactivity was also measured in the following three epidermal fractions; 0.1 N HClO4 soluble‐ethanol soluble fraction (Fr. I), 0.1 N HClO4 soluble‐ethanol insoluble fraction (Fr. II, histidine‐rich protein fraction) and 0.1 N HClO4 insoluble‐8M urea soluble fraction (Fr. III).

Labeled amino acids were rapidly incorporated into Fr. III, especially into a particular protein which showed little mobility on SDS‐PAGE. As the radioactivity of this protein decreased, an increase in radioactivity was observed in a 32,000 MW histidine‐rich protein, the only major protein in Fr. II. The radioactivity of 32,000 MW protein then fell, accompanied by an increase in radioactivity of Fr. I. The major radioactive substances in Fr. I were identified as 3H‐histidine and 3H‐urocanic acid after 3H‐histidine injection and as 3H‐arginine after 3H‐arginine injection. The amino acid composition of the histidine‐rich protein was very similar to the composition of free amino acids of the stratum corneum, in which amino acid metabolites were considered as their precursor amino acids.

These results suggested that the free amino acids of the stratum corneum might be a final product of the degradation of histidine‐rich protein.
SYSTEMIC EFFECTS OF 0.064% BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE OINTMENT AND CREAM BY SIMPLE APPLICATION
Authors: Aso Miki , Shimao Shuhei
Published: April 2015

Forty‐six patients with various skin diseases applied 0.064% betamethasone dipropionate (BD) ointment and cream simply for 3 to 6 weeks, and serum cortisol, blood sugar, and peripherocirculatory eosinophyll counts were measured.

Serum cortisol was almost unaffected by the application of BD ointment or cream at the rate of 10 g a day. After using between 10 and 20 g a day a reducing trend in cortisol levels was observed with BD ointment, but not with BD cream. When the application was increased to 20 g a day or more, a marked reduction was noted. This reduction was temporary and the serum cortisol returned to the normal level in no more than one week after the treatment. Peripherocirculatory eosinophyle counts decreased with application of even less than 10 g per day, and then markedly decreased further as the dose increased. Blood sugar was not increased by BD ointment or cream.

Topical corticosteroid treatment is generally used by outpatients who usually receive less than 10 g of medication per day. Thus, it was presumed that, for outpatients, simple application of BD ointment or cream should not cause any systemic effects, and that, even if there were effects, they would only be slight, as far as suppression of adrenocortical functions was concerned.
A CASE OF THE HYPEREOSINOPHILIC SYNDROME COMPLICATED BY MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA
Authors: Sato Akihiko , Kobayashi Kazuo , Okabe Hitoshi , Fukuda Sembun
Published: April 2015

A case of hypereosinophilic syndrome complicated by malignant lymphoma is reported, including autopsy results. The malignant lymphoma was pleomorphic and characterized clinically and histologically by its unusual localization in the brain. The disturbed immune system of the patient, who had been immunologically compromised by immunosuppression therapy consisting of predonisolone and azathioprine, seemed relevant to the pathogenesis of this malignant lymphoma.
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA COMPLICATING CHRONIC DISCOID LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (CDLE)
Authors: Sehgal V.N. , Reddy B.S.N. , Koranne R.V. , Sharma A.K. , Jain R.K.
Published: April 2015

Occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma with some unusual clinical features is described in two female patients.
NODULAR FASCIITIS UNDER A SPLINT
Authors: Kikuchi Ichiro , Kuroki Yasumasa
Published: April 2015

A 61‐year‐old man developed nodular fasciitis on the left forearm at the center of a splint used for the immobilization of a skin graft for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma. It was first noted by the patient 30 days after the operation and 22 days after the removal of the splint.
PENETRATION OF FRAGRANCE COMPOUNDS THROUGH HUMAN EPIDERMIS
Authors: Jimbo Yuko
Published: April 2015

Penetration through excised human epidermis of six phenolic, four benzyl, two salicylate and six cinnamic compounds was examined. A considerable difference in penetration of the compounds tested was observed. Benzyl alcohol penetrated most rapidly. Solubility in water and octanol of each compound was studied. All compounds were freely soluble in octanol. A high correlation between water solubility and percent penetration through human epidermis of compounds was observed. The percent penetration of compounds was not related to allergenic potency.
EFFECTS OF KC‐400 (POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS) ON PORPHYRIN METABOLISM
Authors: Honda Tetsuzo , Nonaka Shigeo , Murayama Fumio , Ohgami Taro , Shimoyama Tokio , Yoshida Hikotaro
Published: April 2015

To investigate the influence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) on porphyrin metabolism, Wistar rats were orally administered KC‐400. The mean value of liver/body weight ratio in normal rats was 3.86%, with a range of 3.44% to 5.22%. Their mean blood protoporphyrin level was 23.3 μg/dl packed cell volume (p.c.v.), with a range of 11.8 to 64.4 μg/dl p.c.v., and their mean liver protoporphyrin level was 0.17 μg/gm wet weight, with a range of 0.03 to 0.40 μg/gm wet weight.

A feed containing KC‐400 (140–160 ppm) was given for 2 to 20 weeks to 20 rats. The mean value of liver/body weight ratio was 5.00%, with a range of 3.80% to 6.16%. The mean erythrocyte protoporphyrin level was 47.4 μg/dl p.c.v., with a range of 19.7 to 83.2 μg/dl p.c.v., and the mean liver protoporphyrin level was 0.36 μg/gm wet weight, with a range of 0.04 to 0.67 μg/gm wet weight. The liver coproporphyrin level showed abnormalities in 2 of 20 rats fed the feed containing KC‐400, with values of 0.71 and 9.89 μg/gm wet weight, respectively. After administration of KC‐400 feed for 43 weeks, the mean value of blood coproporphyrin level rose to 32.1 μg/dl p.c.v., with a range of 11.4 to 54.6 μg/dl p.c.v. The mean erythrocyte protoporphyrin level was 74.3 μg/dl p.c.v., with a range of 49.5 to 102.1 μg/dl p.c.v. The mean liver coproporphyrin level was elevated to 5.15 μg/gm wet weight, with a range of 0.45 to 9.48 μg/gm wet weight, and the mean liver protoporphyrin level was 0.65 μg/gm wet weight, with a range of 0.43 to 9.88 μg/gm wet weight. Thus, there was an increase in both liver porphyrin and coproporphyrin following KC‐400 feeding. Liver cells in the rats with abnormal porphyrin levels exhibited a red fluorescence. From these results, we can deduce that KC‐400 may induce abnormalities in porphyrin metabolism, when it is fed orally for a long period of time. These abnormalities in porphyrin metabolism are limited to the liver only.
STASIS DERMATITIS IN A PATIENT WITH NOONAN'S SYNDROME
Authors: Tsuzuki Chiharu , Hidano Akira
Published: April 2015

A typical 20 year old case of Noonan's syndrome is reported. Skin symptoms included curly hair, low hairline, ptosis, and increased elasticity over the whole skin. The patient also had a stasis dermatitis which had begun at the age of 18.
STUDY ON THE SUPPRESSOR PHENOMENON INDUCED IN CONTACT HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION
Authors: Kotake Kimiko , Kanagawa Hisami , Semma Masanori , Sagami Seichiro
Published: April 2015

From the present experiments in which sensitization was induced by painting contactants on the same skin of the same mouse over time, the following findings were observed.

When mice were sensitized first with PCl, then with DNFB, and finally with OX, the animals showed a normal contact hypersensitivity response to PCl, but abnormal responses to both DNFB and OX, suggesting some suppressor phenomenon.

This suppression was shown to be partly due to hapten (DNFB)‐specific suppressor cells, and it was suggested that other suppressor cells different from suppressor T cells in nature might be involved.

It was considered that induction of suppressor cells might be due to depressed function of the epidermal Langerhans cell affected by potent sensitizers as well as by unknown mechanisms.
LABORATORY STUDY OF COLLAGEN WOUND DRESSING (CAS)
Authors: Takeda Ueto , Izawa Masanori , Koeda Takemi , Shibata Uichi
Published: April 2015

In order to determine whether collagen wound dressing (CAS) has any immunogenicity, we carried out various immunological tests with Japanese albino rabbits and BALB/c mice. CAS extract produced no antibodies while atelocollagen, the source material of CAS, has less antigenicity than acid soluble collagen, a tropocollagen. Moreover, the antigenicity of CAS was much lower than that of lyophilized porcine skin which is much used in clinical practice. It is assumed that CAS would be immunologically safe as a wound dressing.
PLATELET FUNCTION IN BEHÇET'S DISEASE
Authors: Haim S. , Brook J.G. , Gilhar A. , Friedman‐Birnbaum R. , Markel A. , Aviram M. , Marmur A. , Youdin M.
Published: April 2015

The coagulopathy observed in Behçet's disease has defied explanation. No pathology in concentration or function of coagulation parameters has been demonstrated. We have studied platelet adhesion function in 13 patients with established Behçet's disease, 5 with venous thrombosis and 8 with no involvement of veins, as well as in 30 age and sex matched healthy controls. Platelets derived from 10 of the 13 Behçet's patients exhibited significantly increased adhesion as compared to the controls (p<0.01). The platelets of 11 of the 13 tested patients showed significantly increased aggregation in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and epinephrine incomparison to those from controls (p<0.01).

However, no correlation between disturbed platelet function and the clinical occurrence of the thrombotic phenomenon was noted. It is suggested that the thrombotic tendency may be related to platelet abnormality while the generation of the actual process is dependent on other factors which await elucidation.
MALIGNANT SKIN TUMORS AMONG DERMATOLOGY PATIENTS IN UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS OF JAPAN
Authors: Tada Masanori , Miki Yoshiharu
Published: April 2015

A total of 829 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 942 patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 256 patients with malignant melanoma (MM) was encountered among 1,033,678 new dermatology patients in 44 of 46 university hospitals of Japan between 1971 and 1975. The incidences of skin cancers (SCC and BCC) and of MM among new dermatology patients were 0.171% and 0.025% respectively. The incidences had increased 2 to 2.5 times over those of the previous survey between 1956 and 1960.

Skin cancers were most frequently seen among those over 60 years of age and on exposed sites. Burn scars, chronic radiodermatitis, traumatic scars and xeroderma pigmentosum were common preceding diseases in skin cancers, although the majority of the cancers were without apparent preceding diseases. The incidence of skin cancers on exposed sites without preceding diseases showed a statistically significant exponential correlation with the decreasing degrees of the Northern Latitude (NL) of the university locations. The incidence of MM was most common on the extremities and showed no such geographic correlation.
FAMILIAL HYPERKERATOSIS LENTICULARIS PERSTANS
Authors: Ishibashi Akira , Tsuboi Ryoji , Fujita Keiichi
Published: April 2015

A 58‐year‐old male patient with familial hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (HLP) was reported. Six members of his family have died of cancers of the stomach, liver, and colon. There may be some relationship between genes participating in oncogenesis and HLP genes. Histologically, serial sections of several papules revealed no marked thinning of the epidermis nor severe cell infiltration in the upper dermis, suggesting that the cell infiltration in the upper dermis was secondary.
TRANSFER OF A DRUG‐INDUCED GENERALIZED RASH IN GUINEA PIGS
Authors: Kitamura Kazuko
Published: April 2015

ABSTRUCT

Passive transfer of experimentally induced drug‐rash (GR) was studied in JY‐1 strain guinea pigs. Sulbenicillin (SBPC)‐induced GR was transferred into four of ten recipients by SBPC immunized cells. CET‐induced GR was transferred into twelve of seventeen recipients by CET‐immunized cells and accidentally transferred into two of fifteen recipients by CET‐immunized serum. However, CET‐induced GR was not successfully transferred by SBPC‐immunized cells, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)‐immunized cells, frozen and thawed materials, or sonicated cells of CET‐immunized cells. Anti‐CET antibody of CET‐immune serum was not detected by passive hemagglutination assay.

CET‐immunized cells were separated into adherent and nonadherent fractions (Ad and Non‐Ad) in laboratory dishes coated with anti‐guinea pig γ‐globulin. CET‐induced GR was not transferred by Ad, but was transferred into eight of twenty‐two recipients by Non‐Ad. Only 4.6% of Non‐Ad cells were immunoglobulin bearing. Transferred GR appeared about 19–24 hr after GR‐elicitation. Erythema was paler than that of GR in actively sensitized guinea pigs.

Microscopic examination of the skin taken about 24 hr after the cell transfer with systemic challenge revealed edema, dilation and compaction of capillaries, and diffuse lymphoid cell infiltration with a few eosinophils and basophils in the upper dermis. After about 48–72 hr, basophils were not confirmed as in actively sensitized animals. The count of peripheral leukocytes increased until 24 hr after GR elicitation in both recipients of immunized cells and immunized serum regardless of the severity of the GR reaction. It is likely that, in the transfer of drug‐induced GR, immune cells (probably primed T cells) which do not bear immunoglobulin have a significant role in GR, but serum factors also are involved, at least in some aspects of GR.
MONONUCLEAR CELL VERSUS MONOCYTE CHEMOTAXIS IN PSORIASIS
Authors: Tosca Androniki , Hatzis John , Panteleos Demeter , Varelzidis Anthony
Published: April 2015

Chemotaxis under agarose of psoriatic mixed mononuclear cells (MNs) and pure monocytes against Zymosan treated sera (ZAS), fresh psoriatic serum, and fresh normal serum was studied and compared with that of normal cells. Purification of monocytes was achieved on microexudate coated BHK flasks. Psoriatic MNs were found to be more chemotactic against psoriatic serum (P.S.) than normal MNs against normal serum (N.S.). Psoriatic cells were chemotactically more active than normal ones against psoriatic and normal serum but not against ZAS. Mixed mononuclear cells showed definitely increased chemotaxis over that of pure monocytes. When culture supernatants with lymphocyte derived factor (LDCF) activity were mixed with normal pure monocytes, the chemotactic activity of the monocytes recovered. It is, therefore, proposed that the LDCF from in vivo stimulated psoriatic lymphocytes by antigenic or mitogenic substances of psoriatic plaque might be an essential factor for the increased chemotaxis of mixed psoriatic MNs compared to pure monocytes. This hypothesis also explains the increased chemoattracting capacity of psoriatic serum for psoriatic and normal MNs as due to the in vivo release of lymphokine.
DRUG‐INDUCED LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION IN THE EXPERIMENTAL SULBENICILLIN (SBPC) RASH OF GUINEA PIGS AND THE ENHANCEMENT EFFECTS OF INTERLEUKIN 2 (IL2)
Authors: Ikezawa Zenro , Aihara Michiko , Nagai Ryukichi
Published: April 2015

The effects of interleukin 2 (IL2) on drug‐specific lymphocyte proliferative responses and their suppression by elicitation of sulbenicillin (SBPC) rash and by induction of SBPC tolerance were studied. GR‐LC and TO‐LC, the draining lymph node cells taken from animals with SBPC generalized rash (GR) and SBPC tolerance (TO), respectively, were incubated with IL2 rich medium (IL2RM) overnight, then washed, and tested for antigen‐specific response in a standard 3‐day proliferation assay. The GR‐LC and TO‐LC showed low responsiveness or unresponsiveness to specific drug before overnight incubation with IL2LM, but recovered a distinct responsiveness after overnight incubation with IL2LM. This result is encouraging for the establishment of the drug‐specific lymphocyte proliferation test for determination of the causative drug in patients with delayed type hypersensitivity drug eruptions.
DEMONSTRATION OF EOSINOPHIL CHEMOTACTIC FACTOR IN THE BLISTER FLUID OF PATIENT WITH INCONTINENTIA PIGMENTI
Authors: Tsuda Shingo , Higuchi Mitsunari , Ichiki Mikio , Sasai Yoichiro
Published: April 2015

A case of incontinentia pigmenti associated with tissue and peripheral blood eosinophilia was reported. Eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) with low molecular weight was detected in the blister fluid at 17 days after birth by an in vitro chemotactic assay. ECF showed two different molecular weights; one was approximately 1355 daltons and the other much smaller. A similar factor was also detected in the content of a suction blister in clinically uninvolved skin at 2 months after birth. Investigations of ECF generation appears to be important in understanding of this disease.
CONTACT SENSITIVITY IN RATS INDUCED BY TOLYLENE DIISOCYANATE (TDI)
Authors: Tanaka Ken‐Ichi , Nagaya Yoshiko , Marui Shogo , Okamoto Yutaka , Hanada Satoshi
Published: April 2015

A model of contact sensitivity (CS) based upon ear swelling has been developed in rats, which are regarded as low responders to common contact sensitizers. For sensitization, a 1% solution of tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) in ethyl acetate was applied to male F344 rats in three different ways; the solution was applied to the shaved backs (1st group), to the unshaved tails (2nd group), and to the tails and then, seven days later, to the backs (3rd group). All the rats were ear‐challenged seven days after the above treatments. The most remarkable ear swelling was observed in the 3rd group, the rats sensitized by the double application method. Delayed onset of the ear response together with histology of the swollen ear showed that the response was characteristic of delayed‐type hypersensitivity. This was confirmed by the successful achievement of CS transfer with lymphocytes from sensitized rats. When picryl chloride was used as a sensitizer instead of TDI, no comparable ear swelling was induced irrespective of the sensitization method. It was also found that topical application of a corticosteroid cream dramatically reduced the ear swelling induced by TDI. These results suggest not only that an experimental model for CS can be developed in rats using TDI, but also that CS induced by TDI can be used as a model for evaluation of anti‐CS drugs.
Genetic Control of Sulbenicillin (SBPC)‐Induced T Cell Proliferation in Mice
Authors: Ikezawa Zenro , Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Sato Masahiro
Published: April 2015

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) control of T cell‐mediated response to drug‐derived determinants is not well understood. As a first step in studying the MHC control of drug hypersensitivity, semisynthetic penicillin, sulbenicillin (SBPC), was used as an antigen to establish an in vitro proliferative assay for mouse T cell response to this drug. The lymph node cells taken 7–9 days after immunization with 10 mg SBPC in complete adjuvant were tested for SBPC‐specific response in a standard 3 day proliferation assay. SBPC‐induced proliferation of the primed lymph node cells was mediated by the Thy‐1+, Lyt‐1+2– cells, i.e., helper type T (Th) cells. The Lyt‐1+2–, T cell proliferative responsiveness to SBPC was mapped on the I‐A locus within the H‐2 MHC regions. The proliferation was inhibited by the monoclonal antibody against Aβ molecules, product of the I‐A locus, but not by the monoclonal antibody against Eα molecules, product of the I‐E locus. These results indicate that the SBPC response of Lyt‐1+2–, Th cells is controlled by the I‐A locus, the products of which, the MHC class II A (AβAα) molecules, function as restriction molecules in the Th cell recognition of SBPC.

The removal of the Lyt‐2+ suppressor type T (Ts) subset from the SBPC nonresponder cultures by a positive Lyt‐separation did not reverse the I‐A allele‐related nonresponsiveness. This result suggests that the nonresponsiveness is not due to the presence of the Lyt‐2+ Ts subset, but rather to the absence of the Lyt‐1+ Th subset, which recognizes SBPC together with self A molecules on the antigen presenting cell and proliferates in the SBPC nonresponder cultures.
Malignant Hemangioendothelioma in Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Sarashi Chizuko , Nishioka Kiyoshi , Maeda Motomu , Fujikawa Masakazu , Matsumoto Koreaki , Sano Shigeharu
Published: April 2015

A 51‐year‐old gardener developed malignant hemangioendothelioma in a lesion of discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) after repeated occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma. The hemangioendothelioma arose in the same DLE lesion where squamous cell carcinoma had appeared. It was treated with surgical exision followed by intraveneous dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide (DTIC). He has not shown any signs of recurrence for a follow‐up period of 45 months. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of the occurrence of malignant hemangioendothelioma in a DLE lesion.
Basal Cell Epithelioma with Dermal Melanocytes
Authors: Ono Tomomichi , Fallas Victor Hugo , Higo Junko
Published: April 2015

We observed dermal melanocytes running in parallel with collagen fibers in the peritumoral stroma of a basal cell epithelioma. The dermal melanocyte contained many free mature melanosomes. They frequently showed an intimate contact with elastic fibers and were surrounded by an extracellular sheath with elastic fibers. These cells may have occurred due to the activation of dormant dermal melanocytes following the appearance of basal cell epithelioma, which may have been derived from a nevoid tumor originating from dormant, latent embryonic foci.
Definition and Classification of Eczemas —A Pertinent Challenge to Dermatologists —
Authors: Hornstein Otto Paul
Published: April 2015

Since, in dermatological literature, the term ‘dermatitis’ is frequently confused with ‘eczema’, is has to be unequivocally stated that ‘dermatitis’ is a generic term covering very different patterns of dermal inflammation, whereas ‘eczema’ (or ‘eczematous dermatitis’, resp.) represents a distinct pattern of superficial dermatitis histologically characterized by spongiotic dermo‐epidermitis. Eczemas can be defined as inflammatory, non‐infectious intolerance reactions of the epidermo‐papillary skin compartment with reversible epidermotropic exudation caused by an immense variety of external and/or internal agents combined with increased individual susceptibility to respond.

As current classifications only partially reflect the complex causative conditions involved in the etiology and pathodynamics of eczematous disease, the author proposes to classify eczemas according to the following major categories: 1) Mainly exogenous eczemas including those of contact‐induced non‐allergic, allergic and photo‐allergic origin, 2) mainly endogenous (or atopic, resp.) eczemas, and 3) eczemas of combined dysregulatory‐microbial origin. The latter group comprises eczemas caused by various functional and/or structural derangements of epidermal protective properties (summarized by the term ‘dysregulation’) which in turn permit the resident and/or transient microflora of the damaged horny layer to induce eczematous inflammatory responses.

Since topical and morphological attributes may change during the course of the very same eczema, they are inappropriate for basic classification and should be used only as minor criteria for characterizing the sites and predominant lesional type of the respective eczema. The possible combination of eczemas representing two or even three major categories in one patient leads to intermediate forms entirely in keeping with the division into three principal groups. The proposed classification is aimed at eliminating the terminological confusion of eczemas as well as enabling reliable documentation for statistics which can be used in computer‐aided comparisons of multicenter studies on etiology or epidemiology of eczemas.
Common Blue Nevus of the Upper Lip —A Possible Relationship to Mongolian Spot—
Authors: Kikuchi Ichiro , Inoue Shouhei
Published: April 2015

Three cases of common blue nevus occurring on the upper lip in Japanese are reported. This occurrence appears to be significant because the upper lip is the site of predilection for dermal melanocytosis in Japanese babies with cleft lip.
A Case of Acantholytic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Derived from the Acantholytic Type of Solar Keratosis
Authors: Uchiyama Noriko , Shindo Yasuko
Published: April 2015

A case of acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma in the middle of the forehead of a 102‐year‐old Japanese woman is reported. The tumor mass had infiltrated toward the subcutaneous fatty tissue and had tubular structures composed of atypical squamous cells in numerous places. At the border of the tumor, there were histological features of the acantholytic type of solar keratosis, and apparent solar elastosis was observed beneath the normal epidermis surrounding the tumor mass. Metastases to regional lymph nodes occurred a year and a half after excision of the tumor and the patient died.
Chromate Allergy: Chromate Content of Asian Cement
Authors: Goh Chee Leok , Kwok Sau Fong
Published: April 2015

The chromate content of 10 different Asian cements is studied. The hexavalent chromate and total chromium concentrations in these cements were analyzed using colorimetric spectrophometry and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, respectively. The pH of an aliquot of 20% w/v of cement in water ranged from 11.8 to 12.1. Total chromium content of the 10 brands of cement ranged from 15.9 ug/g to 30.0 ug/g; the hexavalent chromate content ranged from 3.6 ug/g to 25.1 ug/g. These findings were comparable to those reported in Europe and Scandinavia. There was no direct correlation between total chromium and hexavalent chromate content in cement.
A Case of Contact Dermatitis Due to Betamethasone Valerate
Authors: Nakajima Hiroshi , Mohri Shinobu , Nagai Ryukichi
Published: April 2015

A patient with contact dermatitis due to betamethasone valerate and povidone iodine is reported. The Japanese literature concerning contact dermatitis caused by corticosteroids is reviewed. For diagnosis, a patch test (twice if possible) is recommended. Reading should be done at 72h and on day 4 or 5. Erythematous (?+) reaction should be regarded positive when corticosteroids are patched.
Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum Associated with Poroma Folliculare
Authors: Fujita Masaru , Kobayashi Masako
Published: April 2015

A 70‐year‐old woman had a dome‐shaped with a keratinous mass nodule which measured 1.0 × 1.0 × 0.9 cm on the inner canthus. Multiple confluenced vesicles were seen in a small area of the tumor. Histological examination revealed that the tumor had two different portions. The larger portion was poroma folliculare and the smaller was syringocystadenoma papilliferum. We collected cases of syringocystadenoma papilliferum reported in Japan, but there were no other cases associated with poroma folliculare. We suggest that a teratogenic follicle developed poroma folliculare on one side and syringocystadenoma papilliferum on the other.
Status of Histoid Leprosy — A Clinical, Bacteriological, Histopathological and Immunological Appraisal —
Authors: Sehgal Virender Nath , Srivastava Govind
Published: April 2015

The study of different aspects, namely clinical, bacteriological, histopathological and immunological, of 23 cases of histoid leprosy were quite revealing. The salient features included the occurrence of histoid lesions in a proportion of untreated leprosy patients in addition to those on dapsone treatment for a variable periods of time, a high bacteriological index in spite of infrequent formation of globi, high morphological indices and the immunological status of these patients. Cell‐mediated immunity, which was deficient in relation to healthy controls, appeared to be augmented when compared with active lepromatous (LL) patients. A few contributory factors to the development of such a situation are discussed.
Immunohistochemical Localization of Ornithine Decarboxylase in Human Skin
Authors: Verrando Patrick , Juhlin Lenhart , Lacour Jean‐Philippe , Ortonne Jean‐Paul
Published: April 2015

The localization of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in human skin and cultured keratinocytes was studied with an immuno‐histochemical method. ODC was found in the epidermis, hair follicles, sweat glands and errector muscles. Irritation induced by stripping or UV‐B irradiation did not change the staining pattern in the epidermis. In psoriasis, the staining was most marked at the tip of the epidermal rete ridges. In basal cell carcinoma, there was a homogeneous labelling of the tumor cells and, in squamous cell carcinoma, the labelling was strong but less homogeneous. Melanoma and dermal naevus also positively stained for ODC. Cultured human keratinocytes also showed ODC positive immunofluorescence. This technique detects the ODC antigen present rather than levels of ODC activity.
A Case of Scabies Complicated by Acute Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Takiguchi Yoshihiko , Kusama Kyoko , Nagao Sadanori , Iijima Susumu
Published: April 2015

A 21‐year‐old male patient with scabies complicated by acute glomerulonephritis was reported. In the literature, such patients are prevalent in the tropical and subtropical zones, but only sporadic in the temperate zone. The incidence of such patients and the cause of glomerulonephritis were discussed.
Dermo‐epidermal Blister Formation by Linear IgA Dermatosis Sera in Normal Human Skin in Organ Culture
Authors: Akahoshi Yoshinori , Kanda Genta , Anan Sadao , Yoshida Hikotaro
Published: April 2015

Fresh normal human skin samples were cultured at 37°C for 48 hours with sera from 3 patients with linear IgA dermatosis and 2 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). Dermo‐epidermal separation (DES) occurred in the skin samples cultured with the sera from linear IgA dermatosis patients, and linear IgA deposition was observed in the dermo‐epidermal junction zone. However, no IgA deposition or DES was observed in the skin cultured with the sera of DH patients or normal individuals.

The results were the same when sera of patients with linear IgA dermatosis were heated at 56°C for 30 minutes before culturing with skin samples, but DES was prevented when a proteinase inhibitor, aprotinin (50%), or α2‐macroglobulin (10 mg/dl) was added to the cultures.

Our results suggest that IgA deposition in the basement membrane and proteinases are involved in the formation of vesicles in patients with linear IgA dermatosis, but complements are not directly involved.
A Monoclonal Anti‐keratin Antibody Reactive with Amyloid Deposit of Primary Cutaneous Amyloidosis
Authors: Kitano Yukio , Okada Natsuko , Kobayashi Yoichi , Tanigaki Takehiko , Okano Masaki , Yoshikawa Kunihiko
Published: April 2015

Specimens from cutaneous amyloidoses (lichen amyloidosis and macular amyloidosis) were stained immunohistochemically with monoclonal anti‐keratin antibodies. One monoclonal antibody raised against hair keratin (HKN‐6) reacted with the amyloids of both primary amyloidoses. Another monoclonal antibody, HKN‐2, did not decorate the amyloid deposit. HKN‐6 did not stain the interfollicular epidermis, but HKN‐2 did. The possible explanations of these findings are 1) amyloid deposits contain keratin protein modulated to react with HKN‐6; 2) amyloid deposits contain a protein unrelated to keratin protein, but reactive to HKN‐6.
The Glucagonoma Syndrome
Authors: Leibovici Vera , Granot Esther , Eid Ahmed , Goldin Eran , Okon Elimelech
Published: April 2015

A case of necrolytic migratory erythema in a 52‐year‐old male is described. The absence of diabetes delayed the recognition of the clinical syndrome. A short review of the pathologic and metabolic features of this syndrome is presented.
Haematoxylin Stainable Epidermal Protein of the Newborn Rat
Authors: Takahashi Masae , Tezuka Tadashi
Published: April 2015

A haematoxylin stainable protein (HSP) extracted from the EDTA‐separated epidermis of 3‐day‐old rats was purified through preparative isoelectric focusing followed by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) using a Superose 12 column and a Mono‐Q anion exchange column. The purified protein was a single protein in SDS‐PAGE; it had a molecular weight of 14,500 daltons and an isoelectric point of pH 4.7. The amino acid composition included 14% glutamic acid, 13.7% lysine, 12% aspartic acid, 10% glycine, 8% valine and 0.3% ornithine, but only 1.2% histidine.

An antibody elicited by the purified antigen also localized in the cell membrane region of the stratum corneum cells of the flank skin, but not in the keratohyalin granules, in indirect immunofluorescent studies.
Depigmenting Potency of Hydroquinone Fatty Acid Esters on the Skin
Authors: Hashimoto Akira , Hasegawa Kenji , Asai Takashi , Masamoto Yukimitsu , Ichihashi Masamitsu , Mishima Yutaka
Published: April 2015

In order to improve the oxidative stability of hydroquinone (HQ), the only depigmenting agent available clinically for skin, 14 hydroquinone fatty acid esters (HQ‐Rs) were synthesized and examined for their stability, efficacy, and intradermal metabolism. HQ‐Rs containing more than 3 carbon atoms in the fatty acid side chain showed excellent stability in an aqueous base (pH 6). HQ‐Rs containing fewer than 8 carbon atoms in the fatty acid side chain exhibited skin depigmenting potencies better than that of HQ. HQ‐R was quantitatively hydrolyzed by a skin homogenate to liberate HQ. The hydrolysis velocity of the HQ‐Rs was dependent on the length of the fatty acid side chain; the longer the length, the slower the hydrolysis velocity. From these results, we concluded that HQ‐R is absorbed into the skin after topical application, hydrolyzed by esterase, and it depigments the skin by liberating HQ. Thus, HQ‐R function as a prodrug of HQ; it exhibits both an excellent oxidative stability and an excellent skin depigmenting potency by liberating HQ within the skin.
Fixed Drug Eruptions: A Study of Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Aspects of 89 Cases from India
Authors: Sehgal Virendra N. , Grangwani Om P.
Published: April 2015

Fixed drug eruption incidence was 0.3% of outpatients. It affected individuals of both sexes in their 3rd and 4th decades, with a preponderance of males. Literary index and occupation were inconsequential. High index of suspicion for an etiologic drug was cardinal and was invariably supported by history. The clinical features of FDE were characteristic; it affected the upper and lower extremities, trunk, and lower lips. The diagnosis was confirmed by provocation test in 86 and cross‐sensitivity in 11 patients. Analgesics and chemotherapeutic agents were primarily responsible for FDE in this population.
Presence of Cytokeratins in Human Eccrine Sweat Gland Epithelia
Authors: Kurokawa Ichiro , Mayer‐da‐Silva Augusto , Gollnick Harald
Published: April 2015

The distribution of various cytokeratins in human eccrine sweat gland epithelia was studied using the antikeratin monoclonal antibodies KL1, CK 8.12, CK 8.60, PKK2, CK 8.13, CK 4.62 and RPN 1160. Immunocytochemical techniques were performed according to a standard alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal anti‐alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method.

Specific patterns of cytokeratins were found in each of the cell types that constitute the three anatomical areas of the gland. Luminal cells in the intradermal duct displayed the same labeling patterns as inner cells in the acrosyringium. Moreover, identical labeling patterns were found in the outer cells in the acrosyringium and the prickle cells in the interfollicular epidermis. Characteristically, CK 8.60, which expresses cytokeratin 10/11, labeled only in the upper ductal portion of the eccrine sweat gland, and cytokeratin 18, which is specifically recognized by RPN 1160, was present only in the secretory cells in the secretory portion. In addition, cytokeratin 19, recognized by CK 4.62, was present in the cells of the secretory portion, luminal cells, and inner cells. Distinctive cytokeratin antigenicity was also found in the inner cells of the interfollicular epidermis.

Our results showed that 1) distinct cell types of the human sweat gland express different cytokeratin contents; 2) some of these cells present common cytokeratin types, most probably a cytogenetic expression reflecting related origin; 3) the application of various antikeratin monoclonal antibodies may be useful in determining the origin of tumors derived from the eccrine sweat gland.
Glycosylated Proteins of Stratum Corneum, Nail and Hair in Diabetes Mellitus: Correlation with Cutaneous Manifestations
Authors: Nozaki Shigeyuki , Sueki Hirohiko , Fujisawa Ryuichi , Aoki Kimiko , Kuroiwa Yukio
Published: April 2015

Nonenzymatic glycosylation of protein may play some role in the development of diabetic complications. To study the association of nonenzymatically glycosylated protein in keratinized tissues with the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations frequently observed in diabetics, we measured furosine values of stratum corneum, nail and hair from 61 diabetics and assessed their cutaneous manifestations. The manifestation most frequently found in this study was 10 cases of pigmented pretibial patches. We did not detect significant correlations between the prevalence of any cutaneous manifestations and furosine values of any keratinized tissues. However, 11 of the 17 patients with yellow nail showed high nail furosine values. Our data suggest that nonenzymatically glycosylated protein levels in the keratinized tissues do not correlate with the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in diabetics, but do not exclude a role in the formation of yellow nail.
Solitary Angiokeratoma
Authors: Gomi Hiroko , Eriyama Yohko , Horikawa Etsuro , Miura Takashi
Published: April 2015

Solitary angiokeratoma is a distinct clinical entity which has a hyperkeratotic verrucous appearance. The present paper deals with a histologically typical case which had a soft capillary hemangioma‐like appearance on palpation.
Hair Low‐sulfur Protein Composition does not Differ Electrophoretically among Different Races
Authors: Dekio Satoshi , Jidoi Joji
Published: April 2015

SCM low‐sulfur proteins of scalp hairs from Mongoloid, Negroid and Caucasoid individuals were analyzed by two‐dimensional electrophoresis. The electrophoregrams obtained showed no differences among the three races; the low‐sulfur protein composition of the hair did not differ electrophoretically among the three races. This suggested that the low‐sulfur proteins may not be responsible for the macroscopic racial variations in the form of hair.
Reactions in Leprosy
Authors: Sehgal Virendra N. , Sharma Vandana
Published: April 2015

The clinical manifestations of types I (lepra) and II (ENL) reactions are now well‐appreciated. The correlation of clinical expression to bacterial index, lepromin response and histological features has hardly been attempted. In a study of 35 reaction patients, 18 type I (lepra) and 17 type II (ENL), the preceding parameters were studied in detail. Their incidence among leprosy patients was 20%. Males in the age group 20–30 years were frequently affected, the ratio of males to females being 6:1. The mean age at onset in type II (ENL) was younger than in type I (lepra) reactions. However, the duration of the reactions was variable. They were frequently precipitated by antileprosy drugs. The clinical features were cardinal. The bacteriological features reflected wide variations, but were considered imperative. Early Fernandez and Late Mitsuda reactions were useful adjuvants for monitoring progress. The utility of changing microscopic pathology in determining the swing towards the lepromatous or tuberculoid end of leprosy spectrum are emphasized.
Immunohistochemical Staining Properties of Keratin Type Intermediate Filaments in Mammary and Extramammary Paget's Disease
Authors: Yoneda Kazufumi
Published: April 2015

Utilizing three different anti‐keratin antibodies and the avidin‐biotin peroxidase complex system on sections of formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues and on cryostat sections, immunohistochemical localization of keratin type intermediate filaments in mammary Paget's disease and extramammary Paget's disease was investigated. Anti‐keratin antibodies EAB‐903 and EAB‐904, which recognize 66K and 57K dalton keratin peptides, did not decorate any Paget's cells in either mammary or extramammary Paget's disease. On the other hand, anti‐keratin antibody MAK‐6, which recognizes 52.5K, 50K, 48K, 45K and 40K daltons keratin peptides, did decorate Paget's cells in both Paget's diseases. These staining properties of Paget's cells were the same as those of secretory cells in normal human sweat glands and mammary glands. Anti‐keratin antibody MAK‐6 is thought to be useful in the diagnosis of mammary and extramammary Paget's diseases.
Tumoral Calcinosis in Scleroderma
Authors: Katayama Ichiro , Higashi Kazunori , Mukai Hideki , Nishioka Kiyoshi , Nishiyama Shigeo
Published: April 2015

A 36‐year‐old female patient with scleroderma/Sjögren's syndrome developed multiple cystic tumors on the dorsal aspect of her left hand, right elbow, and left shoulder joint two years after the onset of scleroderma. Histologically, amorphous eosinophilic substances located in subcutaneous tissue showed a strong positive reaction to PTAH and rosindole stain, and focal positive reaction to Von Kossa stain. Rheumatoid rice body like substances with chalky fluid were discharged from tumoral lesions. From these results, this case was diagnosed as tumoral calcinosis secondary to connective tissue degeneration due to the pathogenetic mechanism underlying scleroderma/Sjögren's syndrome.
Decreased Leukocyte Ferrochelatase Activity in Erythropoietic Protoporphyria
Authors: Kondo Masao , Ohe Manko , Mizuguchi Michi
Published: April 2015

We studied the porphyrin metabolism of a 7‐year‐old Japanese boy with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) and his family members. Leukocyte ferrochelatase activity was markedly decreased in this patient, being approximately 12% of the mean value of normal controls (4 aged‐matched healthy boys). In contrast, leukocyte δ‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthase activity was normal. The free protoporphyrin content of erythrocytes was greatly increased (4.3 mg/100 ml RBC), while erythrocyte ALA dehydratase and porphobilinogen (PBG) deaminase activities were 1.7‐ and 2.2‐fold of respective control values. A survey of his family revealed that 12 of 19 members probably had manifest EPP or were EPP carriers. These results suggest that, in EPP, there might be an inherited impairement of ferrochelatase activity which gives rise to an elevation of erythroblast ALA dehydratase and PBG deaminase activities to compensate for a resultant decrease in heme production.
Immunohistochemically Detectable Duct‐like Structures in Benign and Malignant Eccrine Poromas: CEA and Involucrin Immunostaining
Authors: Tokura Yoshiki , Yoshikuni Kohdo , Teraki Yuichi , Sugiura Makoto , Takigawa Masahiro , Yamada Mizuho
Published: April 2015

The duct‐like structures present in 7 cases of benign and malignant eccrine poroma were examined by immunohistochemical staining for carcinoembryonic antigen (CFA), involucrin, and S‐100 protein. The demonstration of CEA and involucrin was helpful in the recognition of these structures. The overt immunopositivity precedes morphological evidence for duct formation. On the basis of the CEA immunostaining, the duct‐like structures were divided into 4 types: 1) mature acrosyringeal structure, 2) cystic luminal structure lined by elongated cells, 3) immature acrosyringeal structure, and 4) vacuole‐ or dot‐like potential lumen in a single cell. Involucrine was observed in the lining cells of 1) and 2). None of the 4 types showed positive reactivity for S‐100 protein, suggesting the irrelevance of these structures to the secretory element of sweat gland. The polymorphism of the ductal formation tended to be more remarkably observed in malignant eccrine poromas than in the cases of benign eccrine poroma and poroepithelioma tested.
Nevus of Ota with Nevus of Ito
Authors: Dekio Satoshi , Koike Shun'ichi , Jidoi Joji
Published: April 2015

A 53‐year‐old Japanese male patient with both nevus of Ota and nevus of Ito developed cataract of the eye ipsilateral to the side of the nevi. In this patient, cataract might have appeared in a close pathogenetic relationship with nevus of Ota.
Cisplatin Combination Chemotherapy in Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Skin
Authors: Ikegawa Shuichi , Saida Toshiaki , Obayashi Hiroto , Sasaki Akira , Esumi Hiroyasu , Ikeda Shigeo , Kiyohara Yoshio , Hayasaka Kenichi , Ishihara Kazuyuki
Published: April 2015

Seven patients with skin cancers, six with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and one with adenoid cystic carcinoma, were treated with cisplatin in combination with vindesine or adriamycin. Partial response was observed in three patients with squamous cell carcinomas: two cases with metastatic lung lesions and one with a primary skin lesion and lymph node metastasis. Two of the responding SCC had been resistant to previous chemotherapy, including peplomycin and mitomycin C. Multiple metastatic lesions of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skin completely regressed after two courses of the combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and adriamycin. This report showed that cisplatin combination chemotherapy may be useful for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, which is resistant to peplomycin, and adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skin.
Papular Acantholytic Dyskeratosis of the Genitalia
Authors: Lee Seung Hun , Jang Jin Gon
Published: April 2015

A 32‐year‐old man presented with multiple papules on the pubic area for 5 months. There were no subjective symptoms. We could not find any clues for predisposing factors. Pathological examination of the excised papules revealed marked acantholysis and dyskeratosis in the epidermis. The lesions persisted for 5 months after the pathological examination. We consider the present case to be similar to that of Chorzelski et al., papular acantholytic dyskeratosis of the vulva, reported in 1984. We would like to propose this case as papular acantholytic dyskeratosis of the genitalia.
Cutaneous Mucinosis Associated with SLE
Authors: Nishimoto Masayoshi , Takaiwa Takashi , Kodama Hajime , Nohara Nozomi
Published: April 2015

A patient with SLE which was complicated by a characteristic cutaneous mucinosis is reported. The skin lesions were composed of intradermal soft nodules, purple‐red plaques, and alopecia of the scalp. Acid mucopolysaccharides accumulated in each lesion. PUVA provoked an infiltrated skin lesion in which acid mucopolysacchraides were deposited in the dermis. Deposition of immunoglobulins and complements were also observed at the dermo‐epidermal junction and on the vascular walls. Some immunological processes which may stimulate the synthesis of acid mucopolysaccharides in the dermis were suggested.