bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
تقنين مقياس اعلام التسويق الرياضي من وجهة نظر الهيئات الادارية للأندية الرياضية لدوري الدرجة الاولى في العراق
Authors: Lec. Dr. Karar Ihsan Muhammad  , Asst. Lec. Abdul Samad Nassif Jassim
Published: August 2024

للأعلام دور اساسي  في تطوير المنظومة الرياضية، وان الرياضة من الانشطة المهمة للبرامج الاعلامية التي ساعدت وبشكل كبير في نشر الثقافة الرياضية وزيادة الاقبال عليها سواء زيادة الممارسين او المتابعين لها، فمن خلال الاعلام الرياضي بدأ التسويق الرياضي الذي اصبح احد المجالات التي تعتمد عليها المؤسسات الرياضية في مختلف الدول  نتيجة انحسار مصادر التمويل المالي المرافق للتكاليف الباهظة التي تحتاجها تلك المؤسسات بمختلف جوانبها ، لذلك ينظر إلى هذه العملية بانها أكثر الخيارات نجاحاً و يمكن من خلاله ضمان ديمومة الانتعاش الاقتصادي الكفيل بتغطية النشاطات الرياضية  فضلاً عن توفير الربح المالي الذي يسهم في عملية نمو وتطور تلك المؤسسات وبما يتناسب مع الأهداف التي تطمح الوصول اليه من جهة ، ويجعلها مكان للتوسع والانتشار, تكمن أهمية الدراسة الحالية بناء وتقنين مقياس اعلام التسويق الرياضي للتعرف على دوره في المجال الرياضي من وجهة نظر هيئات الاندية الرياضية العراقية ودوره في تحقيق المكاسب المالية لها، ﻟذا ارﺘﺄى اﻟﺒﺎﺤثان اﻟﺨوض ﻓﻲ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻤﺸﻛﻠﺔ ﻤن ﺨﻼﻝ تقنين مقياس اعلام التسويق ودوره في ديمومة الاندية الرياضية وتحقيق المكاسب المالية, لذلك اعتمد الباحثان المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب المسحي والعلاقات الارتباطية, وقد تم إجراء التجربة الاستطلاعية على (10) من الاعضاء، وبعدها قام الباحثان بتقنين مقياس اعلام التسويق الرياضي ، وبعد الحصول على النتائج قام الباحثون بمعالجتها عن طريق استخدام الحقيبة الاحصائية spss وبعد تحليل النتائج توصل الباحثون إلى استنتاجات أهمها ، تبين من خلال النتائج التي توصلت اليها الدراسة إن اعلام التسوير الرياضي له دوراً ايجابيا في جذب الشركات الداعمة والمستثمرين
تأثير تمرينات خاصة على وفق استراتيجيتي (K,U,D) و(التعلم الهرمي) في تعلم أداء مهارتي الاعداد واستقبال الارسال لناشئي نادي الكوفة بالكرة الطائرة
Authors: Muhannad Muhammad Kadhem Abboud
Published: August 2024

دأب العلماء في مجال العلوم التربوية والتطبيقية الى تجريب وسائل عدة للنهوض بالواقع التعليمي والتربوي وإيجاد أقصر الطرق وأيسر السبل لتحقيق غاياتهم المنشودة، وكباقي العلوم التي تواكب التطور العلمي الحاصل في عصرنا الحديث الا وهي علوم التربية الرياضية والتي لها الأثر البالغ في هذا المصاف.
وسعى الباحث دائما وابداً الى اختيار ما يناسب الفئات العمرية لضمان اكتساب عملية التعلم بأفضل صورة ممكنة، ويبقى التعلم والتعليم هو الشغل الشاغل لجميع العاملين في هذا الاختصاص، ونلحظ تطور هذه العلوم باستعمال الاستراتيجيات التعليمية الحديثة والتي أصبح استعمالها شيئا أساسيا في العملية التعليمية لتحسين مستوى المتعلمين مع الموقف التعليمي المرتبط بالمهارة الحركية، وتعتبر لعبة الكرة الطائرة واحدة من الرياضات التي تعتمد على هذا العلوم.
هدف البحث إلى إعداد تمرينات خاصة وفق استراتيجيتي k,u,d)) و(التعلم الهرمي) في تعلم أداء مهارتي الاعداد واستقبال الارسال لناشئي نادي الكوفة بالكرة الطائرة. وطبقت هذه التمرينات لمدة شهرين بواقع وحدتان تعليميتان في الاسبوع على عينة البحث البالغ عددهم (14) لاعب للموسم الرياضي 2023-2024، الذين تم تقسيمهم (بأسلوب القرعة) الى مجموعتين متكافئتين بمعدل (7) لاعبين لكل مجموعة، وتم إجراء الاختبارات ذات العلاقة بالبحث والتي تخص (الاعداد، استقبال الارسال)، وقد أظهرت النتائج معنوية الفروق للتمرينات المعدة لكلا المجموعتين في الاختبارات القبلية-البعدية، وعدم المعنوية في الاختبارات البعدية، واستنتج الباحث سبب هذه النتائج الى استعمال الاستراتيجيتين، اذ يوصي الباحث باستعمال هذه التمرينات لتحقيق نتائج أفضل في مختلف الالعاب الرياضية وخصوصا التي تعتمد على المجال الحركي الواسع والتأكيد على تخصيص تمرينات مشابهة للتكنيك (الأداء الفني) خصوصاً مع هكذا مراحل عمرية وايضاً اجراء دراسات مشابهة على العاب وفعاليات اخرى.
Variation of winter wheat plant height depending on ecotype and meteorological conditions
Authors: Samoilyk M. , Lozinskiy M. , Yurchenko A. , Ustinova H.
Published: August 2024

During 2021-2023, the formation of plant height in soft winter wheat varieties of Forest Steppe, Steppe, and Western European ecotypes was studied at the training and production center of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University. A significant 11 < Cv ≤ 21% and a large 21 < Cv ≤ 51% variation of plant height in varieties of Forest-Steppe and Western European ecotypes and a significant one in Steppe ecotype was found. Lower indicators of plant height variability during the years of research were found in the following varieties: «Lisova pisnya» (23.6 cm) – forest-steppe ecotype; «Harmoniya Odesska» (24.8 cm), «Lastivka Odesska» (25.0 cm) – steppe ecotype. At the same time, the most variable plant heights has «Zorepad bilotserkivskyi» (45.0 cm), «Kalуnova» (39.9 cm), «Kvitka рoliv» (37.8 cm) – Forest-Steppe ecotype, «Mulan» (39.5 cm) and «Akter» (35.9 cm) – Western European ecotype. The influence of adverse meteorological conditions causes a decrease in the height of soft winter wheat plants, and stressful conditions form the indicators of the lower group according to the classification, which significantly increases the variability of the studied trait. According to the high indices of homeostasis (Hom) and breeding value (Sc) of wheat plant height formation, the following varieties stood out: «Madіarka» (Hom = 465; Sc = 68.6), «Kvitka poliv» (Hom = 459; Sc = 55.2) – Forest-Steppe ecotype, «Harmoniya Odesska» (Hom = 492; Sc = 53.5), «Lastivka Odesska» (Hom = 468; Sc = 52.8) – Steppe ecotype and «Akter» (Hom = 446; Sc = 53.7) – Western European ecotype. The variability of plant height of the studied varieties is largely (87.22 %) due to the year conditions. In the context of the studied ecotypes the greatest influence of the year conditions was found in varieties of Western European (98.42%) and Steppe (96.31%) ecotypes, and the «variety» factors of the Forest-Steppe ecotype was 8.08%. The smallest share of «variety–year conditions» interaction 0.70 % was found in the group of varieties of the Western European ecotype, with the influence of the «variety» factor at 0.87%.
Key words: soft winter wheat, plant height, ecotype, variety, variability index, variability.
Features of in vitro multiplication of stone fruit crops
Authors: Shita О. , Filipova L. , Matskevych V.
Published: August 2024

The main goal of these studies is to improve certain aspects of the technology of microclonal propagation of stone fruit crops. The tasks included the influence analysis of bud explants location on the donor plant on the regenerants formation, as well as peculiarities establishing of hormonal and trophic control over the explants ontogenesis at the stage of multiplication of microclonal seedlings. Unlike pome fruits, stone crops have vegetative buds located in the upper part and generative buds located in a lateral position. Most fruit buds are characterized by a simple structure, that is only flowers and fruits develop from them. This leads to the branches exposition where the flower buds used to be. The growth of branches is provided by the upper bud. This specific growth of vegetative buds requires a special approach in the nutrition of stone fruit crops. Ukraine is actively engaged in the cultivation of both indigenous and introduced types of stone crops, such as cherries, sweet cherries, cherry plums, apricots, plums, peaches, apricots and almonds, as well as their hybrids. The main purpose of growing these crops is to obtain stone fruits, where the seeds are in a hard shell, and the pulp is juicy and suitable for consumption. Local varieties of stone crops belonging to the Rosaceae family, Amygdaloideae or Prunoideae subfamily have been adapted to the conditions of our region and require an effective propagation procedure for rapid spread. Their origin is mainly associated with the East Asian center of cultivated plants, especially with China. These plants have a high resistance to heat and moisture, which is a characteristic feature of their origin. Microclonal reproduction is one of the reliable methods of obtaining high-quality planting material, which is free from diseases and provides fast reproduction rates. The metabolic features of these plants arose as a result of their evolutionary development in natural conditions. The determinants system, in particular trophic ones, is preserved even in in vitro conditions. Stone fruit crops require soils with a high nutrients content, such as calcium and other light loamy components, with a drained structure and a neutral acidity level (pH>6.0–6.5). The most drought-resistant among them are apricot and cherry, although other crops can also grow successfully in relatively dry conditions. Such specific environmental requirements necessitate the need for appropriate feeding systems, such as Murashige and Skoog or Quarin Lepouvre environments.
Key words: stone fruit crops, multiplication, nutriculture medias, microshoots, microclonal propagation.
Ecological problems of modern corn protection systems against harmful organisms in Ukraine: review
Authors: Glukhovets D. , Matusievich G.
Published: August 2024

Maize remains one of the few grain crops that in terms of marginality aand cultivation volumes in agribusiness is not inferior to traditional field crops. This agricultural crop currently also provides a fairly significant share of foreign exchange earnings from the export of agricultural products and remains highly profitable in the farms in compliance with cultivation technologies. Modern grain cultivation technologies involve the extensive use of chemical plant protection agents against pests, diseases, and weeds. The application of pesticides in grain crops is a crucial factor guaranteeing improved quality of crop products and high yields of agricultural crops. In this regard there are high demands on pesticides themselves. They must ensure biological effectiveness with minimal consumption rates, be as environmentally friendly as possible, including showing no harmful effects on soil, plants, and other beneficial organisms, and have low persistence in the natural environment. Therefore, scientific research related to the chemical plant protection ecologization against harmful organisms and reducing the impact of pesticides on the natural environment are quite relevant. Based on researched foreign literature information on the use of pesticides in the world has been summarized. Data on the use of plant protection products in Ukraine are presented. The article outlines the main adverse consequences of widespread pesticide use in maize chemical protection, namely phytotoxic effects on plants, negative impact on beneficial entomofauna, soil microbiome, resistance manifestation, and accumulation of pesticide residues in plants and soil.
Key words: corn, pesticides, chemical pollution, biological diversity, soil microbiological activity, resistance.
Ontogenesis of Helleborus foetidus L. upon introduction in the National Dendrological Park «Sofiyivka» of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Authors: Boiko I. , Ishchuk L. , Usoltseva O. , Ishchuk G. , Vegera L.
Published: August 2024

The article presents the biomorphological features of Helleborus foetidus L. at different stages of ontogenesis. The latent, virginal, and partially generative periods of development under the conditions of introduction of the species in the National Dendrological Park «Sofiyivka» of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine were studied. Indicator signs of age-related states, their duration and main characteristics were established. It was found out that the fruits ripen in the middle of June. Seeds (sm) are brown in color, bean-shaped, 4.8±0.5 mm long, 2.1±0.3 mm wide, weight of 1000 seeds is 13.4±0.3 g. Indicator signs of the onset of juvenile age (j) are the appearance of true leaves and the formation of lateral roots. The duration of this agerelated state is about three months. An indicator of the transition of individuals of H. foetidus to the immature age state (im) is the beginning of shoots branching. Signs of basitonia characteristic of H. foetidus appear at the initial stages of ontogenesis. In the virgin age (v), the branching of the shoots increases to the third order, additional roots are formed in the places where the basal areas of the lateral shoots touch the surface of the substrate. In the generative period, a hidden generative age state (g0 ) is distinguished, the indicator signs of which are the appearance of a transitional type of leaves (with short, wide petioles and a blade much smaller in size than typical leaves of the middle formation) and a characteristic thickening at the shoot top with embryonic inflorescence inside. The total duration of the virginal period of the ontogenesis of H. foetidus in the introduction conditions is about 18 months. The generative period is longer than the virginal period.
Key words: Helleborus foetidus, age states, seedlings, virginal period, generative.
Dendrobiotic diversity of the «Fastivskyi» landscape park of local significance, its scientific value and preservation state
Authors: Levandovska S. , Khryk V.
Published: August 2024

The inventory results and comprehensive analysis of tree and shrub plantations of the park-monument of horticultural art of local importance «Fastivskyi» are highlighted. It was established that the park dendroflora is represented by 43 species belonging to 33 genera, 21 families, two classes and two divisions. The division Pinophyta includes 7 species, which are grouped into 6 genera, 3 families, 2 orders, one subclass and one class. The department Magnoliophyta includes 36 species, which are grouped into 27 genera, 18 families, 14 orders, 4 subclasses, and one class. The families Rosaceae (18,6%) and Aceraceae (11,6%) dominate by the number of species. The genus Acer has the greatest species diversity (5 species). Most of the territory of the landmark park (94,12%) is covered with forest, with the predominance of plantations of artificial origin. Forest massifs are mainly formed by Quercus robur L. (50,8 %) and Pinus sylvestris L. (21,3 %). The predominance of woody plant species number over the number of shrub species in the dendroflora indicates the forest type of the park landscape. The park landscape corresponds to the second stage of recreational digression. The landmark park acquires a special natural value due to the oak stands of 101-106 years old and medieval dendroexotics Catalpa bignonioides Walt., Cuninghamia lanceolata Hook., Larix decidua Mill., Pinus strobus L., Phellodеndron amurеnse Maxim. The results of a comprehensive assessment of the park's plantings indicate its significant dendrological value. The lowest is the assessment based on the criteria of the sanitary condition of tree plantations. It was established that the general sanitary condition of park plantations is unsatisfactory: the share (46,0%) of weakened, very weakened and drying trees outweighs the share of healthy ones (35,0%). A significant number of dead trees (19,0%) was found, which indicates the need for immediate reconstruction of the protected object and restoration works.
Key words: park-monument of horticultural art, taxonomic composition of dendroflora, introducers, ancient trees, stages of recreational digression, forest pathology examinations, sanitary condition.
Sentiment Analysis of Indonesian Citizen Tweets Using Support Vector Machine on the Rebranding of Twitter to X
Authors: Hakim Bhustomy , Kinasih Putri Rindu
Published: August 2024

How other people see the world and assess it affects their opinions, their understanding of it, and the choices they make. As a result, when we need to make a choice, we frequently ask for other people's opinions. Sentiment analysis, also known as opinion mining, is a cost-effective way for businesses and individuals to gather information about public sentiment. In this research, the writers aimed to study Indonesian netizen’s sentiment towards the rebranding of Twitter to X. Obviously, it is impossible to ignore the name and logo changes. The blue and white bird logo on Twitter has become a symbol of the network's culture and lexicon for over ten years. The verb "tweet" has evolved to refer to a post. With 14.75 million Twitter users, which ranks Indonesia sixth in the world, the writer is intrigued to study more about how Indonesian citizens see the rebranding issue. The data scrapping which collects the tweets about Twitter rebranding into X is collected from July 23rd, 2023, when the rebranding news appeared, and July 31st, 2023, which focuses on the day of rebranding that occurred. And, for the feature extraction, we will be using the TD-IDF method and Support Vector Machine using Gaussian Radial Basis Function Kernel as the model. Afterward, in the evaluation phase, we are using Confusion Matrix to find accuracy, f1-score. Lastly, the sentiment will also be analyzed by using rebranding theory. The result of this research shows that the Indonesian netizens' neutral sentiments. This result is also strengthened by the word cloud results which mostly show general words such as rebranding, twitter, https, jadi, yang, and X.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Kopi dan Edukasi Cuci Tangan untuk Menekan Penularan Penyakit di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Wibawa Agung Ari Chandra , Adrianta Ketut Agus , Sari Ni Wayan Suryani Puspita
Published: August 2024

The service activity aims to increase students' knowledge and skills in processing natural coffee ingredients into soap to prevent disease transmission in the school environment. The method of implementing this service used training and education. This service partner was SD Negeri 5 Subagan, Karangasem District, Karangasem Regency, Bali Province. The evaluation instruments used in this service activity were pre-test and post-test instruments. The data analysis technique used statistical analysis, namely the Wilcoxon test (P<0.05). The results of this service showed that students' knowledge and skills have increased in processing coffee into soap. In addition, students' understanding of the importance of washing hands with soap increased. It could be seen from the significant increase (P<0.05) incorrect answers in students' pre-test and post-test scores.
Monitoring dan Evaluasi Tenaga Ahli Teknik Bersama BPK Perwakilan Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Djau Rahman A. , Ma’sum Ratna D. , Pido Rifaldo , Boli Rahmad H. , Ichsan Ilyas , Bumulo Nasir
Published: August 2024

Pengabdian dalam rangka melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kenyataan fisik dilapangan bahwa pekerjaan konstruksi yang dilaksanakan pada 4 dinas / instansi, yaitu Provinsi Gorontalo, Kota Gorontalo, Kabupaten Bone Bolango dan Kabupaten Pohuwato sudah tercapainya tepat waktu, tepat mutu, tepat anggaran dan tepat sasaran. Permasalahan yang sering dihadapi yaitu ketidaksesuaian kuantitas dan kualitas serta spesifikasi sebagaimana yang tertuang dalam kontrak serta kelengkapan administrasi yaitu dokumentasi dan nota pembelian. Metode yang digunakan adalah melakukan pengukuran kembali untuk kuantitasnya dan pengambilan sampel data untuk pengujian kualitasnya. Berdasarkan hasil temuan dilapangan ini memberikan pelajaran dan pengalaman yang penting bagi penyedia jasa agar dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaan harus memperhatikan spesifikasi yang tertuang dalam kontrak
DETERMINATION OF N-NITROSODIMETHYL AMINE (NDMA) AND N-NITROSODIETHYL AMINE (NDEA) IN MEDICINES CONTAINING SARTAN AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Authors: Sungur Şana , Aljoubasi Muhammed , Aydın Zeki
Published: August 2024

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the amounts of N-nitrosodimethyl amine (NDMA) and N-nitrosodiethyl amine (NDEA) in drugs containing sartan and its derivatives.
Material and Method: Medicines containing sartan and its derivatives as active ingredients such as valsartan, losartan, telmisartan, olmesartan, candesartan, irbesartan were purchased from pharmacies. NDMA and NDEA amounts of drugs were determined by headspace GC-MS.
Result and Discussion: The highest NDMA concentrations were found in drugs with losartan active ingredient (67.05±0.15mg kg-1), and the highest NDEA concentrations were found in drugs with candesartan (22.48±0.06 mg kg-1) and olmesartan (20.13 ± 0.06 mg kg-1) active ingredient. The NDMA contents in each tablet were between 3.6x10-4- 1.7x10-2 mg and the NDEA contents were between 3.3x10-4 – 8.8x10-3 mg. The acceptable daily intake limits specified by the European Medicines Agency and the Food and Drug Administration are 96 ng/day for NDMA and 26.5 ng/day for NDEA. It was observed that the values obtained were above the acceptable intake limits even if one tablet was taken per day.
Towards global prevention of severe pediatric RSV infection
Authors:   , Löwensteyn Yvette Nicole
Published: August 2024

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of respiratory infections in young children. Globally, RSV infection presents a significant health problem with over 100,000 deaths annually among children <5 years. The majority of these deaths occur in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) due to lack of high-quality healthcare. Unequal distribution of RSV mortality calls for equitable distribution of RSV vaccines, prioritizing regions with the highest disease burden. Unfortunately, there are no RSV vaccines available in LMICs.
An important aim of this thesis was to enhance our understanding of RSV mortality in LMICs to support equitable RSV vaccine distribution. Using a global database, subgroups with RSV mortality are described: children with Down syndrome, children who die outside the hospital, and children who acquire RSV infection in the hospital. A prospective study among children admitted to intensive care units across 10 LMICs revealed RSV in nearly one-third of all children with life-threatening respiratory infection.
This thesis also includes the results of a phase 1/2b randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial: intranasal palivizumab to prevent RSV infection. Palivizumab has long been available but not in LMICs due to high costs. Administered as nasal drops, costs could be significantly reduced. Although safe, the trial showed inefficacy.
Over time, access to RSV vaccines for LMICs can be enhanced by drug development reform. By prioritizing impact (lives-saved) over profit (return-on-investment), vaccine development can be aligned with mortality burden.
Finally, in this thesis I advocate for equitable future RSV research through co-creation, equitable partnership and authorship policy, and sustainable capacity strengthening.
Efektivitas Dana Desa Dalam Pembangunan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Di Desa Tambusai Batang Dui Kecamatan Bathin Solapan Kabupaten Bengkalis Provinsi Riau
Authors: Mulyana Mulyana , Al Habib Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Dana desa dinilai dapat meningkatkan kemandirian dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Dana desa yang ada di Desa Tambusai Batang Dui perlu dikaji efektivitas penerapannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis efektivitas dana desa dalam pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat di Desa Tambusai Batang Dui Kecamatan Bathin Solapan Kabupaten Bengkalis Provinsi Riau. Metode penelitian adalah kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada dimensi jumlah hasil yang dapat dikeluarkan, ditemukan bahwa adanya penganggaran yang dilakukan telah melibatkan aspirasi masyarakat yang disampaikan melalui perangkat desa; pada dimensi tingkat kepuasan yang diperoleh, ditemukan bahwa masyarakat di Desa Tambusai Batang Dui terbagi ke dalam 2 (dua) kelompok, yaitu masyarakat yang sudah merasakan dampak dari adanya Dana Desa dan masyarakat yang belum merasakan dampaknya; pada dimensi produk kreatif, ditemukan bahwa Pemerintah Desa Tambusai Batang Dui menjalin kerjasama dengan generasi muda yang ada di desa; pada dimensi intensitas yang akan dicapai, ditemukan bahwa Pemerintah Desa Tambusai Batang Dui telah menyusun program yang berkelanjutan dan dapat melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat desa secara luas. Kesimpulannya, efektivitas pengelolaan Dana Desa di Desa Tambusai Batang Dui termasuk dalam kategori cukup efektif.
Kata Kunci : Efektivitas Dana Desa, Pembangunan Infrastruktur Desa, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa.
Cultural policy and emotional clusters in the context of an organic crisis. Performing arts and emotions between top-down and bottom-up negotiations
Authors: Ciancio Giuliana
Published: August 2024

Navigating the complexities of nowadays cultural and political landscapes requires acknowledging the significant role emotions play in shaping cultural policy processes. This paper addresses this crucial issue by conducting a thorough examination of two distinct case studies: the EU Creative Europe programme, focusing on cultural participatory practices within the Audience Development (AD) priority, and the city context of Naples, during its “Season of the Commons” from 2012 to 2021. Through these case studies, this research delves into the intricate interplay between emotions, cultural policy, and political dynamics. Drawing from a multidisciplinary framework encompassing sociology, political science, and cultural studies, the analysis offers both theoretical insights and empirical evidence to define the concept of emotional clusters. These clusters represent a form of social adaptation in times of organic crisis, forming the foundation of novel and often unrecognized spaces of resistance that operate within the spectrum between hegemonic and counter-hegemonic realms. This work aims to critically reflect on the role of emotions in the tension between top-down cultural policymaking and bottom-up cultural practices by scrutinizing the connection between emotional clusters and the empirical evolution of cultural policy processes. In doing so, it aspires to provide empirical analysis of emotions as a means to comprehend contemporary decision-making procedures in cultural and policy/political dynamics, while suggesting coordinates for viewing cultural policies as a lively political matter.
A new Steiner symmetrization defined by a subclass of analytic function in a complex domain
Authors: Alazman Ibtehal , Ibrahim Rabha W.
Published: August 2024

In this effort, we present a new definition of the Steiner symmetrization by using special analytic functions in a complex domain (the open unit disk) with respect to the origin. This definition will be used to optimize the class of univalent analytic functions. Our method is based on the concept of differential subordination and the Carathéodory theory. Examples are illustrated in the sequel involving the modified Libera–Livingston–Bernardi integral operator over the open unit disk. The result gives that this integral satisfies the definition of bounded turning function (univalent analytic function).
Histone deacetylases: potential therapeutic targets for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Cheng Hai-peng , Jiang Shi-he , Cai Jin , Luo Zi-qiang , Li Xiao-hong , Feng Dan-dan
Published: August 2024

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease of unknown origin and the most common interstitial lung disease. However, therapeutic options for IPF are limited, and novel therapies are urgently needed. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that participate in balancing histone acetylation activity for chromatin remodeling and gene transcription regulation. Increasing evidence suggests that the HDAC family is linked to the development and progression of chronic fibrotic diseases, including IPF. This review aims to summarize available information on HDACs and related inhibitors and their potential applications in treating IPF. In the future, HDACs may serve as novel targets, which can aid in understanding the etiology of PF, and selective inhibition of single HDACs or disruption of HDAC genes may serve as a strategy for treating PF.
E3 ubiquitin ligases: key regulators of osteogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for bone disorders
Authors: Zhang Heng-Rui , Wang Yang-Hao , Xiao Zhen-Ping , Yang Guang , Xu Yun-Rong , Huang Zai-Tian , Wang Wei-Zhou , He Fei
Published: August 2024

Ubiquitination is a crucial post-translational modification of proteins that mediates the degradation or functional regulation of specific proteins. This process participates in various biological processes such as cell growth, development, and signal transduction. E3 ubiquitin ligases play both positive and negative regulatory roles in osteogenesis and differentiation by ubiquitination-mediated degradation or stabilization of transcription factors, signaling molecules, and cytoskeletal proteins. These activities affect the proliferation, differentiation, survival, and bone formation of osteoblasts (OBs). In recent years, advances in genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics have led to a deeper understanding of the classification, function, and mechanisms of action of E3 ubiquitin ligases. This understanding provides new insights and approaches for revealing the molecular regulatory mechanisms of bone formation and identifying therapeutic targets for bone metabolic diseases. This review discusses the research progress and significance of the positive and negative regulatory roles and mechanisms of E3 ubiquitin ligases in the process of osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, the review highlights the role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in bone-related diseases. A thorough understanding of the role and mechanisms of E3 ubiquitin ligases in osteogenic differentiation could provide promising therapeutic targets for bone tissue engineering based on stem cells.
A Toxoplasma gondii thioredoxin with cell adhesion and antioxidant function
Authors: Wang Dawei , Shi Yuyi , Cheng Ziwen , Luo Like , Cheng Kuo , Gan Shengqi , Liu Che , Chen Zeliang , Yang Baoling
Published: August 2024

Background

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a widespread, zoonotic protozoan intracellular parasite with a complex life cycle, which can cause toxoplasmosis, a potentially serious disease. During the invasion process, T. gondii proteins first bind to the relevant host cell receptors, such as glycosaminoglycan molecule (GAG-binding motif), which is one of the main receptors for parasites or virus to infect host cells. However, research on TGME49_216510 (T. gondii Trx21), a protein from Toxoplasma gondii, is limited.

Methods

Bioinformatics analysis of the Trx21 protein was performed firstly. And specific primers were then designed using the conserved domain and GAG-binding motif to amplify, express, and purify a fragment of the Trx21 protein. The purified Trx21-GST protein was used for antioxidant and cell adhesion experiments. Simultaneously, mice were immunized with Trx21-His to generate specific polyclonal antibodies for subcellular localization analysis.

Results

The Trx21 protein, consisting of 774 amino acids, included a transmembrane region, three GAG-binding motifs, and a Thioredoxin-like domain. The recombinant Trx21-His protein had a molecular mass of about 31 kDa, while the Trx21-GST protein had a molecular mass of about 55 kDa, which was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Subcellular localization analysis by IFA revealed that Trx21 is predominantly distributed in the cytoplasm of T. gondii. Furthermore, Trx21 exhibited a protective effect on supercoiled DNA against metal-catalyzed oxidation (MCO) and demonstrated adhesion abilities to Vero cells.

Conclusions

These results indicate that Trx21 plays an important role in host cell interaction and oxidative damage.
The association of frailty on cardiac rehabilitation goal achievement
Authors: MacEachern Evan , Quach Jack , Giacomantonio Nicholas , Theou Olga , Hillier Troy , Firth Wanda , Kehler Dustin Scott
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Frailty is common among patients entering cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Frailty is associated with poor health outcomes; however, it is unclear if frailty influences achieving goals in CR.

Methods

We report a secondary analysis of participants who were referred to an exercise and education-based CR program from 2005 to 2015. Frailty was measured by a 25-item accumulation of deficits frailty index (FI) ranging from 0 to 1; higher scores indicate higher frailty. Participants were categorized by admission frailty levels (FI scores: < 0.20, 0.20–0.29, 0.30–0.39, > 0.40). CR goals were determined with shared decision-making between CR staff and the patients. We conducted logistic regression analyses to examine the odds of goal attainment by CR completion, adjusting for age, sex, education, marital status, and referring diagnosis. Analyses were performed using baseline frailty as a categorical and continuous outcome, and frailty change as a continuous outcome in separate models.

Results

Of 759 eligible participants (age: 59.5 ± 9.8, 24% female), 607 (80%) participants achieved a CR goal at graduation. CR goals were categorized into similar themes: control or lose weight (n = 381, 50%), improve physical activity behaviour and fitness (n = 228, 30%), and improve cardiovascular profile (n = 150, 20%). Compared to the most severe frailty group (FI >0.40), lower levels of frailty at baseline were associated with achieving a goal at CR completion [FI < 0.20: OR = 4.733 (95% CI: 2.197, 10.194), p < .001; FI 0.20–0.29: OR = 2.116 (1.269–3.528), p = .004]. Every 1% increase in the FI was associated with a 3.5% reduction in the odds of achieving a CR goal [OR = 0.965 (0.95, 0.979), p < .001]. Participants who reduced their frailty by a minimally clinically important difference of at least 0.03 (n = 209, 27.5%) were twice as likely to achieve their CR goal [OR = 2.111 (1.262, 3.532), p = .004] than participants who increased their frailty by at least 0.03 (n = 82, 10.8%). Every 1% improvement in the FI from baseline to follow up was associated with a 2.7% increase in the likelihood of CR goal achievement [OR = 1.027 (1.005, 1.048), p = .014].

Conclusion

Lower admission frailty was associated with a greater likelihood of achieving CR goals. Frailty improvements were associated with CR goal achievement, highlighting the influence of frailty on goal attainment.
Dual conjugation of magnetic nanoparticles with antibodies and siRNA for cell-specific gene silencing in vascular cells
Authors: Karpinska Katarzyna , Li Lin , Wang Tao
Published: August 2024

RNA therapy is a rapidly expanding field and has great promise in achieving targeted gene silencing and contributing to personalized medicine. However, the delivery of RNA molecules into targeted organs or cells is still challenging. To overcome this hurdle, a number of nanocarriers with pros and cons have been developed. This study was designed to develop a simple and cost-effective approach to functionalize biodegradable magnetic iron nanoparticles (MNPs) for cell-specific siRNA delivery. MNPs were synthesized based on co-precipitation and further functionalized with sodium citrate and polyethyleneimine (PEI) followed by material characterization using TEM, FTIR, and Zeta potential. The citrate and PEI-coated MNPs were further conjugated with CD31 antibody and complexed with siRNA using a linker-free approach. siRNA-loaded MNPs successfully knocked down the expression of GAPDH in human endothelial cells (ECs) and NOTCH3 in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In an EC and VSMC co-culture system under shear stress to mimic blood flow, siRNA and CD31 conjugated MNPs specifically targeted and delivered siRNA into the ECs. Our approach represents a versatile platform that could be adopted for targeted general siRNA delivery.
Tephra fall impacts to buildings: the 2017–2018 Manaro Voui eruption, Vanuatu
Authors: Jenkins Susanna F. , McSporran Ame , Wilson Thomas M. , Stewart Carol , Leonard Graham , Cevuard Sandrine , Garaebiti Esline
Published: August 2024

Building damage from tephra falls can have a substantial impact on exposed communities around erupting volcanoes. There are limited empirical studies of tephra fall impacts on buildings, with none on tephra falls impacting traditional thatched timber buildings, despite their prevalence across South Pacific island nations and parts of Asia. The 2017/2018 explosive eruption of Manaro Voui, Ambae Island, Vanuatu, resulted in damage to traditional (thatched timber), non-traditional (masonry), and hybrid buildings from tephra falls in March/April and July 2018. Field and photographic surveys were conducted across three separate field studies with building characteristics and damage recorded for a total of 589 buildings. Buildings were classified using a damage state framework customised for this study. Overall, increasing tephra thicknesses were related to increasing severity of building damage, corroborating previous damage surveys and vulnerability estimates. Traditional buildings were found to be less resistant to tephra loading than non-traditional buildings, although there was variation in resistance within each building type. For example, some traditional buildings collapsed under ∼40 mm thickness while others sustained no damage when exposed to >200 mm. We attribute this to differences in the pre-eruption condition of the building and the implementation of mitigation strategies. Mitigation strategies included covering thatched roofs with tarpaulins, which helped shed tephra and consequently reduced loading, and providing an internal prop to the main roof beam, which aided structural resistance. As is typical of post-event building damage surveys, we had limited time and access to the exposed communities, and we note the limitations this had for our findings. Our results contribute to the limited empirical data available for tephra fall building damage and can be used to calibrate existing fragility functions, improving our evidence base for forecasting future impacts for similar construction types globally.
Investigating the dynamics of water and sediment disruption due to impeller action in silt-rich reservoir zones of inland waterways in China
Authors: Wang Hao , Wang Yu , Liu Kaiqing , Luo Tianfeng , Li Jinping , Zhang Ying , Miao Tian , Tian Miao , Wang Zhehui , Zhang Xiaolong
Published: August 2024

Introduction: This study investigates the characteristics of sediment disturbance caused by impeller rotation in reservoirs of inland rivers with high sediment content in China. A scaled experimental model, reflecting typical environmental conditions of inland water reservoirs in Northwest China, was established in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, following the principle of similarity.

Methods: The study integrates numerical simulations using Ansys Fluent software and corroborates the findings through hydraulic experiments. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and the κ–ε Realizable model were employed to simulate the solid-liquid mixing process, which was verified against the experimental model.

Results: The results indicate that increasing the impeller velocity from 2 rad/s to 8 rad/s, while submerged at a depth of 1000 mm in the flow field, enhances the rate of bottom sediment suspension. Furthermore, the rate of suspended sediment discharge from the model outlet increased with inflow velocity ranging from 0.1 m/s to 0.8 m/s. A decrease in the impeller’s submersion depth from 600 mm to 1200 mm was found to reduce the maximum disturbance radius affecting the bottom sediment.

Discussion: The reliability of the simulation was confirmed by comparing the software results with experimental data. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of sediment-laden flow disturbance in the reservoir areas of inland rivers in China and lays the groundwork for more comprehensive investigations into sediment discharge in these environments.
Environmental education for sustainable development in engineering education in Colombia
Authors: Acosta-Castellanos Pedro Mauricio , Queiruga-Dios Araceli , Camargo-Mariño Julian A.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Environmental education (EE) has been extensively studied and promoted in Latin America, particularly in Colombia, through educational policies and regulations at all educational stages. While EE is well-established, Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is gaining increasing global importance, especially with the advent of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Despite this, there remains a lack of knowledge, application, and research of ESD within engineering programs in higher education. This study aims to explore these gaps and assess the acceptance of ESD compared to EE among engineering students in Colombia.

Methods

A survey was conducted among 406 engineering students from eight universities in Colombia that offer undergraduate engineering programs. The survey included both Likert scale questions and open-ended questions. The objective was to measure students’ knowledge and perception of ESD, identify the roots of EE within engineering programs, and evaluate the progressive integration of ESD in these curricula.

Results

The results revealed the deep-rooted presence of EE in Colombian engineering programs and a gradual incorporation of ESD into these curricula. However, significant gaps were identified. The majority of students demonstrated limited knowledge of ESD and Sustainable Development (SD). Furthermore, there was a noticeable lack of academic areas or subjects within the engineering curriculum that specifically promote the knowledge and application of ESD. Students’ responses also highlighted the unusual convergence between EE, a traditionally conservationist field, and ESD, which is more development-oriented.

Discussion

This research identifies several critical challenges faced by engineering education in Colombia. The limited awareness of ESD among students suggests a need for enhanced integration of sustainable development concepts within engineering curricula. The lack of academic subjects dedicated to ESD further exacerbates this issue. Based on these findings, a transition strategy is proposed to bridge the gap between EE and ESD in Colombian higher education. This strategy aims to provide a smoother transition and better integration of sustainable development principles within engineering programs, ultimately supporting the development of engineers equipped to address contemporary global challenges.
Development and validation of ARSAC-CORTH coupling code based on a generic coupling architecture
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Qiu Zhifang , Peng Shinian , Deng Jian , Zeng Wei , Liu Luguo , Zhang Xilin , Zhang Xue , Xia Yunfeng , Wang Mingjun
Published: August 2024

Reactor thermal-hydraulic codes can be categorized into system codes, sub-channel codes and CFD (computational fluid dynamics) codes according to the spatial discretization and simplification methods. As a traditional reactor system safety analysis code, system code is able to analyze the overall performance of the reactor quickly, while it cannot capture the mixing effects between coolant channels in the core accurately. The sub-channel code is currently the most suitable code for core analysis, with higher fidelity than system code and less computation resources than CFD code. To perform analysis of coupling effects between thermal-hydraulics characteristics of the reactor system and those of core, the in-house system code ASRAC and the in-house sub-channel code CORTH are coupled based on a generic coupling architecture. This generic coupling architecture comprises the generic coupling interface concept ICoCo (Interface for Code Coupling) and the generic data exchange model MED (Model for Exchanging field Data). In order to evaluate the accuracy and capability of the coupling code, the LOFT experiment case is chosen and analyzed. According to the validation results, compared with ASRAC code standalone, the ARSAC-CORTH coupling code is able to better analyze the coupling effects of loop system and core, meanwhile capturing the coolant mixing between coolant channels.
Host response to influenza infections in human blood: association of influenza severity with host genetics and transcriptomic response
Authors: Schughart Klaus , Smith Amber M. , Tsalik Ephraim L. , Threlkeld Stephen C. , Sellers Subhashini , Fischer William A. , Schreiber Jens , Lücke Eva , Cornberg Markus , Debarry Jennifer , Woods Christopher W. , McClain Micah T. , Heise Mark
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Influenza virus infections are a major global health problem. Influenza can result in mild/moderate disease or progress to more severe disease, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Severity is thought to be primarily driven by immunopathology, but predicting which individuals are at a higher risk of being hospitalized warrants investigation into host genetics and the molecular signatures of the host response during influenza infections.

Methods

Here, we performed transcriptome and genotype analysis in healthy controls and patients exhibiting mild/moderate or severe influenza (ICU patients). A unique aspect of our study was the genotyping of all participants, which allowed us to assign ethnicities based on genetic variation and assess whether the variation was correlated with expression levels.

Results

We identified 169 differentially expressed genes and related molecular pathways between patients in the ICU and those who were not in the ICU. The transcriptome/genotype association analysis identified 871 genes associated to a genetic variant and 39 genes distinct between African-Americans and Caucasians. We also investigated the effects of age and sex and found only a few discernible gene effects in our cohort.

Discussion

Together, our results highlight select risk factors that may contribute to an increased risk of ICU admission for influenza-infected patients. This should help to develop better diagnostic tools based on molecular signatures, in addition to a better understanding of the biological processes in the host response to influenza.
Role of TIM-3 in ovarian cancer: the forsaken cop or a new noble
Authors: Chang Xiangyu , Miao Jinwei
Published: August 2024

T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3), a crucial immune checkpoint following PD1 and CTLA4, is widely found in several immune cells. Nonetheless, its performance in recent clinical trials appears disappointing. Ovarian cancer (OC), a malignant tumor with a high mortality rate in gynecology, faces significant hurdles in immunotherapy. The broad presence of TIM-3 offers a new opportunity for immunotherapy in OC. This study reviews the role of TIM-3 in OC and assesses its potential as a target for immunotherapy. The regulatory effects of TIM-3 on the immune microenvironment in OC are discussed, with a focus on preclinical studies that demonstrate TIM-3’s modulation of various immune cells in OC. Additionally, the potential therapeutic advantages and challenges of targeting TIM-3 in OC are examined.