bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantum Masculinities: Doing Gender with Max Tegmark’s Mathematical Universe Hypothesis
Authors: Gelfer Joseph , Organ Joseph
Published: October 2018

In his book Our Mathematical Universe, Max Tegmark proposes a way of viewing “reality” as a multiverse of parallel universes governed by mathematics. In this article we take a few of Tegmark’s more accessible ideas and combine them with the study of masculinities to form “quantum masculinities.” Specifically, we use Tegmark’s presentation of the multiverse and the quantum state of superposition as a thinking tool for imagining not just multiple masculinities but infinite and contradictory masculinities. We then mobilize this newly proposed concept of quantum masculinities in two contexts. First, we put quantum masculinities in dialogue with Judith Butler’s theory of gender performativity to question to what degree gender performance requires an observer. Second, we explore how far quantum masculinities are reconcilable with The Five Stages of Masculinity. We conclude with some discussion about the categories of “I” and “we” in imagining the self, as well as how the study of masculinities might evolve.
GEOLOGISTS JOHN FAREY AND WILLIAM SMITH AWARDED SILVER MEDALS FOR AGRICULTURE
Authors: LEWIS CHERRY
Published: October 2018

In 1805 John Farey and William Smith, received silver medals for agriculture from the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, in recognition of work they had carried out on the Duke of Bedford's estate at Woburn. Today we recognise these men as leading geologists of their time, but Farey's medal was awarded for experiments which recorded the growth of timber trees in Brown's Wood over a sixteen-year period and William Smith's for turning Prisley Bog into a water meadow. While today these agricultural endeavours may appear unrelated to geology, this paper demonstrates how an increasing understanding of the substratum became an important aspect of agriculture, and how the offer of premiums for agriculture indirectly contributed to advancing the young science of geology.
NEGATIVE GEOLOGY: HUMPHRY DAVY AND FORMING THE ROYAL INSTITUTION'S MINERAL COLLECTION, 1803–1806
Authors: JAMES FRANK A. J. L.
Published: October 2018

This paper discusses Humphry Davy's geological interests and the formation of the Royal Institution's mineral collection during the early nineteenth century. Compared to other aspects of Davy and the Royal Institution, both these topics have been comparatively neglected in historical studies. The evidence supports the argument that applying scientific knowledge and method to practical problems was very difficult at the time. This suggests, despite the hopes entertained for it, that geology and mineralogy did not then contribute to the process of industrialisation, except in a negative manner. This failure may explain why the Royal Institution did not develop its mineral collection following initial enthusiasm.
ROBERT BEDFORD (1874–1951), THE KYANCUTTA MUSEUM, AND A UNIQUE CONTRIBUTION TO INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY
Authors: COOPER BARRY J. , JAGO JAMES B.
Published: October 2018

Robert Bedford (1874–1951), based in the isolated community of Kyancutta in South Australia, was a unique contributor to world geology, specifically in the field of meteorites and fossil archaeocyatha. Born Robert Arthur Buddicom in Shropshire, UK, he was an Oxford graduate who worked as a scientist in Freiberg, Naples, Birmingham and Shrewsbury as well as with the Natural History Museum, Kensington and the Plymouth Museum in the United Kingdom. He was a Fellow of the Geological Society of London, 1899–1910. In 1915, Buddicom changed his surname to Bedford and relocated to South Australia. During the 1920s, Bedford expanded his geological interests with the establishment of a public museum in Kyancutta in 1929. This included material previously collected and stored in the United Kingdom before being sent to Australia. Bedford was very successful in collecting material from the distant Henbury meteorite craters in Australia's Northern Territory, during three separate trips in 1931–1933. He became an authority on meteorites with much Henbury material being sent to the British Museum in London. However, Bedford's work on, and collecting of, meteorites resulted in a serious rift with the South Australian scientific establishment. Bedford is best known amongst geologists for his five taxonomic papers on the superbly preserved lower Cambrian archaeocyath fossils from the Ajax Mine near Beltana in South Australia's Flinders Ranges with field work commencing in about 1932 and extending until World War II. This research, describing thirty new genera and ninety-nine new species, was published in the Memoirs of the Kyancutta Museum, a journal that Bedford personally established and financed in 1934. These papers are regularly referenced today in international research dealing with archaeocyaths.
Цифровая трансформация бизнеса: модели и алгоритмы
Authors: Гарифуллин Булат Маратович , Зябриков Владимир Васильевич
Published: October 2018

В статье рассмотрена специфика процесса цифровой трансформации бизнес-моделей фирмы, определены области внутренней среды фирмы, которые являются приоритетными при проведении цифровой трансформации бизнеса, и предложен алгоритм принятия управленческих решений осуществления цифровой трансформации.
Показано, что в деле совершенствования менеджмента цифровой подход представляет собой не революционное средство, сводящее к нулю достижения предыдущего этапа развития фирмы, а нейтральный ускоритель ее организационного развития. Если стратегия фирмы выбрана верно, и менеджмент непрерывно совершенствуется, то на базе новых цифровых технологий фирма быстро прогрессирует, а если же нет – также быстро деградирует.
Важную роль в успехе внедрения цифровых технологий играет выбор областей бизнеса, которые должны быть реформированы в первую очередь, а также алгоритм проведения процедур цифровой трансформации, которые представлены в тексте настоящей статьи.
Новый технологический уклад на пути становления инновационной экономики
Authors: Калашников Игорь Борисович , Вавилина Алла Владимировна , Якубова Татьяна Николаевна
Published: October 2018

В статье дается теоретическое обоснование инновационным преобразованиям экономики России в ходе смены технологических укладов и мерам, обеспечивающим продвижение экономики к новой неоиндустриальной реальности. Технологический уклад рассматривается как особое технико-технологическое устройство производства стратегически важных промышленных изделий. В этом своем качестве он предстает как активизирующая база дальнейшего развития производительных сил общества, выявляются возможности формирования цифровой экономики и её инновационных и конкурентных преимуществ. В рамках использования системно-эволюционного и воспроизводственного методов исследования обосновывается зависимость процессов становления нового технологического уклада, смены стадий формационного развития и динамики формирования инновационной экономики. Технологическая база инновационной экономики рассматривается как структурное соотношение и воспроизводственное взаимодействие технологического и инновационного капитала, а структурно-инвестиционная политика направлена на сглаживание диспропорций отраслевого, технологического и пространственного характера.
Complicated bilateral fungal emphysematous pyelonephritis in a 55-year-old diabetic female: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Lotfali Ensieh , Abolghasemi Sara , Gatmirimotahhari Fatemeh Sadat , Alizadeh Mohammad , Arab-Mazar Zahra
Published: October 2018

Background and Purpose: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare and
serious disease causing acute renal failure. Diabetes is a major risk factor for this infection.Case report: Herein, we present the case of a 55-year-old female patient with diabetes and EPN caused by Candida albicans. The infection was complicated with endophthalmitis and endocarditis. The results of antifungal susceptibility analysis showed that C. albicans was resistant to fluconazole and susceptible to amphotericin-B and itraconazole. Infection could be controlled by amphotericin-B followed by itraconazole therapy, and the patient was discharged in good condition while receiving antifungal therapy.
Conclusion: Complicated pyelonephritis with unusual microorganisms should be considered in patients with diabetes and urinary symptoms.
Keywords: Candida albicans, Emphysematous pyelonephritis
Molecular identification of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species in feedstuff samples
Authors: Sohrabi Nooshin , Taghizadeh Morteza
Published: October 2018

Background and Purpose: Aflatoxins are naturally produced by some species of
Aspergillus, such as A. flavus and A. parasiticus. Aflatoxins reportedly have carcinogenic effects on human, poultry, and livestock, and therefore could be linked to severe human illnesses. Aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway involves different clustered genes, including structural, regular, and unassigned genes. The present study was conducted to detect aflR, aflP, and aflD as three important genes contributing to aflatoxin B1 production cycle in Aspergillus species isolated from the feedstuffs of animal husbandry.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 25 isolates of A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. nomius, and A. nidulans, isolated from animal feedstuff as a test group. The test group was compared with two standard strains (i.e., A. flavus and A. parasiticus) as aflatoxigenic reference organisms and negative controls (i.e., A. fumigatus, A. fusarium, and A. penicillium) in terms of the presence of aflR, aflP, and aflD genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The determination of the toxigenicity and aflatoxin production of isolated Aspergillus species was accomplished using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Results: The results obtained by the amplification of the selected genes by PCR method for the detection of aflatoxigenic Asprgillus species were significantly correlated with TLC and HPLC results. Accordingly, all samples, having positive results for aflatoxin B1 production in TLC and HPLC, were able to show the amplification of three target genes. However, 4 cases out of 6 (66%) non-aflatoxigenic isolates were positive for three or two genes.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, the molecular detection of aflatoxin biosynthesis genes (i.e., aflP, aflD, and aflR) could be considered as a quick and reliable method for the detection of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus. Furthermore, this method could be useful in planning and implementing strategies targeted toward improving the safety of human or animal food.
Keywords: Aflatoxigenic, Aspergillus, HPLC, PCR, TLC
Inherited Bleeding Disorders in Iraq and Consanguineous Marriage
Authors: Al-Rahal Nidal Karim
Published: October 2018

Background: Consanguineous marriage is defined as inbreeding between second cousins or closer. In such families there will be a potential increase in the autosomal recessive traits with its lethal effect, with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in the new generation.  Inherited bleeding disorders (InBDs) are rare complicated diseases, difficult and expensive to treat, the defect usually due to quantitative or qualitative deficiency of clotting factors, platelets or fibrinolysis. This study attempts to assess the diversity, the frequency and the clinical features of inherited bleeding disorders (InBDs) in central part of Iraq and to determine the state of consanguineous marriage. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the National Center of Hematology NCH, Baghdad, Iraq between June2014 and June 2017. In total, 256 pediatrics and adult patients were included. Full bleeding history, family history, drug history and consanguineous marriage were recorded and followed by medical examination.  First-line laboratory tests were performed and then were followed by further tests included mixing study, lupus anticoagulant testing, clotting factor activity assay, von Willebrand Antigen (VW: Ag), Ristocetin co factor vWF: RiCoF activity and platelet function test. Results: The range of age was from 1 month to 57 years, with mean age 8.424±8.623 years and median age of 6.5years. The male to female ratio was 1.1:1. The most common age group was in the range of 1-10 years (46.45%). Family history was positive in 55.07% of patients (P >0.05). The consanguinity was found in 76.95% of the families studied (P <0.0001).  The most prevalent InBD was von Willebrand disease (42.98%) with majority type 3VWD (86.4%). The second most prevalent was thrombasthenia (36.71%) and the majority had Glanzmann’s thrombosthenia (86.2%). Rare bleeding disorders (RBDs) were observed in 6.25% of patients and the most common factor deficiency was FVII.  Conclusion: Consanguinity is high in patients with inherited bleeding disorders in Iraq, leading to emergence of life-threatening autosomal recessive inherited diseases. Genetic counselling is recommended besides education and awareness to minimize such rare illnesses in the community.
Advancement in Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Myocardial Cell: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bareeqa Syeda Beenish , Bibi Fazeela , Ahmed Syed Ijlal , Samar Syeda Sana
Published: October 2018

Background: Cardiac muscle possesses a limited capacity to regenerate its tissue on its own. It is less likely to reverse the altered cardiac functioning to its normal physiological state after a major myocardial infarction. Stem cell transplantation provided a unique therapeutic approach in managing such injuries. There has been a substantial debate about the complexity, scope and medical application of stem cell transplantation in past few years.
Materials and Methods: An extensive review of medical literature was conducted to establish the consensus about the possible mechanism of cell renewal, associated complications and risks of failure of this technique. Twenty cases of mammalian animals and twenty-four cases of stem cell transplantation in human subjects were reviewed.
Results: Most common associated complication was re-stenosis of coronary artery. Few clinical trials reported the failure in improving cardiac functioning. The success rate of stem cell transplantation was remarkable in the literature related to experimental animal subjects.
Conclusion: It was concluded that renewal of the cardiac cell is a result of induction of angiogenesis and prolonged cell survival. This topic still requires an immense amount of research to fill the gap in adequate knowledge.
 
Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells, Myocardial infarction, Cardiomyocytes, Hematopoietic stem cells
Determination of Clinical Process and Response Rate to Treatment in Patients with Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) with Low and High Risk and Evaluation of Their First Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Aznab Mozaffar , Nankali Anisodowleh , Daeichin Sara
Published: October 2018

Background: The present study was conducted to determine the response to treatment in patients with GTN, the survival rate and to investigate the outcomes of first pregnancy after chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods:  The treatment protocol was based on the FIGO Staging of GTN and the Modified WHO Prognostic Scoring.
Results: Complete remission was achieved with MTX in 100% of the low-risk patients and with combination therapy in 91% of the high-risk cases. Out of 27 low-risk patients, 21 had no metastasis 6 had lung metastasis, 18 preserved their fertility and conceived in the first year following the chemotherapy. Out of 3 patients who had developed invasive moles, 1 got pregnant after chemotherapy. Four of the patients with choriocarcinoma conceived in the first year following the chemotherapy. In the patient with placental site trophoblastic tumors, there was no pregnancy due to hysterectomy.
Conclusion: GTN was found to be a chemosensitive condition, but more effective therapeutic protocols are therefore required. 
Keywords: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, Choriocarcinoma, High dose chemotherapy, Pregnancy
Effect of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β, on Urotensin II Gene Expression in Human Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Okuyan Hamza Malik , Terzi Menderes Yusuf , Önlen Güneri Cansu , Urhan Küçük Meral
Published: October 2018

Objective: Lung cancer is the deadliest cancer type world-wide. Poor prognosis of lung cancer patients and lack of an effective treatment require detailed understanding of lung cancer pathogenesis. It was highlighted in some studies that U-II is likely to be a biomarker or molecular target for the prevention and treatment of some diseases such as lung cancer. But its molecular action mechanism has not been elucidated yet. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of U-II in lung cancer.Methods: In our study, A549 cells were induced with different doses of IL-1β at different durations (1, 3 ng/ml; 6, 24 hours). mRNA levels of GAPDH, NF-κB1, MMP-1, and U-II were analyzed with RT-qPCR. The Delta Delta Ct (ΔΔCt) method was used for data analysis. The analyzed data were expressed as the “fold-change”.Results: Our results indicate that U-II gene is expressed in A549 cells and IL-1β can induce gene expressions of U-II, MMP-1 and NF-κB1 in A549 cells.Conclusions: U-II is a promising molecular target in treatment and prevention of lung cancer. Therefore, further studies are needed to enlighten molecular mechanism of U-II in lung adenocarcinoma.
The Effect of Rose Oil on Penicillin-Induced Epileptiform Activity in Rats: An Electrophysiological Study
Authors: ANKARALİ Seyit , BEYAZCİCEK Ersin , KİLİNC Erkan , BEYAZCİCEK Ozge , OZKAN Kayhan , CETİNKAYA Ayhan , CANGUR Sengul , ANKARALİ Handan
Published: October 2018

Objective: Rose oil (from Rosa damascene) has several effects which are analgesic, antispasmodic, antioxidant and neuroprotective role. Its antiepileptic effect has not been yet studied enough. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate acute effects of rose oil on the epileptiform activity in penicillin-induced epilepsy model in rats.Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats weighing 230 to 260 g were divided into six groups with seven rats in each group. Control (+Penicillin), RO alone, Diazepam, and different doses of Rose oil including 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg. Rats were pretreated with different doses of RO 30 min prior to penicillin treatment. Electrocorticogram recordings were taken from each animal for 2 hours after penicillin treatment.Results: Only the dose of 100 mg/kg of rose oil reduced significantly epileptic spike-wave frequency of epileptiform activity. However, comparing in terms of latency and spike-wave amplitude of epileptiform activity, there were no significant difference between the groups.Conclusions: In conclusion, acute administration of rose oil reduces spike-wave frequency of penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rats. Therefore, these findings indicate that rose oil has antiepileptic effects.
Bakteriyel Konjonktivit Etkenlerinin Rutinde Kullanılan Antibiyotiklere İnvitro Duyarlılıkları
Authors: ÇAKMAKLIOĞULLARI Murat , KAL ÇAKMAKLIOĞULLARI Elçin
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Dünyada en sık görülen oküler enfeksiyon, bakteriyel konjonktivitlerdir. Bakteriyel konjonktivitlerde etken mikroorganizma üretilmeden ve antibiyotik duyarlılık testleri yapılmadan geniş spektrumlu ampirik tedavi kullanımı yaygındır. Biz bu çalışmada, bakteriyel konjonktivit etkenlerini izole ederek invitro şartlarda antibiyotik duyarlılık yüzdelerini saptayarak etkin ampirik tedaviyi bulmayı amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bakteriyel konjonktivit tanısı almış 65 hastanın mukopürülan akıntılarından eküvyon çubuğu ile transport besiyeri içerisine kültür örnekleri alındı. Kültür örneklerinin ekimleri yapılarak üreyen bakteri kolonileri BD Phoenix (Becton Dickinson, USA) tam otomatize sistem kullanılarak tanımlandı. Üreyen bakterilerin herbirine; netilmisin, tobramicin, ofloksasin, tetrasiklin, kloramfenikol, gentamisin, lomefloksasin, moksifloksasin, siprofloksasin diskleri ile Kirby-Bauer disk difüzyon yöntemi uygulandı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen yaşları 21 ile 86 (yaş ortalaması: 48.23 ±10.47) aralığında bakteriyel konjonktivit tanısı almış 30 kadın 35 erkek toplam 65 bakteriyel konjonktivitli hastanın 46’sında (%70,7) etken bakteri izole edildi. Üreyen bakterilerin %86,9’u gram pozitif koklar olup bunlardan da koagülaz negatif stafilokoklar en sık izole edildi. Çalışılan antibiyotiklerin duyarlılık yüzdeleri sırasıyla netilmisin %93,3, kloramfenikol %92,5, tobramisin %90,0, gentamisin %88,2 moksifloksasin %84,3, ofloksasin %80,9, tetrasiklin75,0, siprofloksasin %70,5 lomefloksasin %63,3 olarak bulundu.Sonuç: Yapmış olduğumuz çalışmamızın sonuçlarıyla bakteriyel konjonktivitli hastaların ampirik tedavisinde geniş spekturumlu florokinolonların yerine aminoglikozid türevi antibiyotiklerin ilk sırada kullanılmasının tedavi sürecinde olumlu etki yaratacağı kanaatindeyiz.
Creating and using nutrition education program as example of developing proper eating habits among children
Authors: Szczepańska Elżbieta , Bielaszka Agnieszka , Janion Karolina , Słoma Małgorzata , Stanuch Beata , Stefaniak Apolonia , Szeja Nicola , Grochowska-Niedworok Elżbieta
Published: October 2018

Edukację zdrowotną, w tym także żywieniową, definiuje się jako proces służący nauce sposobu życia, mający na celu zachowanie zdrowia oraz wzmacnianie go, a także tworzenie środowiska sprzyjającego zachowaniu dobrostanu fizycznego i psychicznego. Prawidłowo zaplanowana oraz przeprowadzona edukacja niesie za sobą zarówno efekty zdrowotne, jak i ekonomiczne, ponadto stanowi długofalową inwestycję w zdrowie populacji. Edukacja potrzebna jest szczególnie w najmłodszej grupie wiekowej, począwszy od dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym. Kształtowanie prawidłowych zachowań żywieniowych już od najmłodszych lat życia dziecka może zapobiec rozwojowi w starszym wieku m.in. nadwagi oraz otyłości, jak również chorób towarzyszących, takich jak cukrzyca, miażdżyca czy nowotwory. Konieczne staje się zatem realizowanie programów edukacyjnych, uzupełniających przedszkolną oraz szkolną edukację zdrowotną. Odpowiedzią na potrzeby populacyjne było stworzenie i przeprowadzenie autorskiego programu edukacyjnego „Dziecięca Akademia Sztuki Kulinarnej”, który miał na celu zwiększenie zainteresowania dzieci tematyką prawidłowego odżywiania oraz wykształcenie prawidłowych nawyków żywieniowych, mających w przyszłości wpłynąć na poprawę ich zdrowia. Program składał się z modułu technologicznego, uwzględniającego zajęcia praktyczne w pracowniach technologicznych, oraz edukacyjnego, który obejmował część teoretyczną i ćwiczeniową. Duży sukces obu edycji programu utwierdził Autorów w przekonaniu o konieczności i istotności prowadzenia dalszych działań związanych z edukacją żywieniową.
EMDR y el Modelo del Procesamiento Adaptativo de la Información Mecanismos potenciales del cambio
Authors: Solomon Roger M. , Shapiro Francine
Published: October 2018

La desensibilización y el reprocesamiento a través de movimientos oculares (EMDR) es un enfoque terapéutico guiado por el modelo del procesamiento adaptativo de la información (PAI). Este artículo ofrece una breve visión general de algunos de los principales preceptos del PAI. Se formula la hipótesis de que la base de la patología clínica son los recuerdos almacenados disfuncionalmente, produciéndose el cambio terapéutico a través del procesamiento de dichos recuerdos dentro de redes adaptativas más amplias. A diferencia de las terapias de exposición basadas en la extinción, se propone que los recuerdos sobre los que se incide en EMDR se transmutan durante el procesamiento, volviéndose a almacenar por medio de un proceso de re-consolidación. Por tanto, se ofrece comparación y contraste con los modelos de procesamiento de la información y tratamientos basados en la extinción, incluyendo las implicaciones para la práctica clínica. A lo largo del artículo, se habla de diversos mecanismos de acción, incluyendo aquellos derivados de los principios del modelo PAI, así como los propios procedimientos de EMDR, incluyendo la estimulación bilateral. Se ofrecen sugerencias de investigación, con el fin de investigar diversas hipótesis.
Protocole EMDR individuel pour une utilisation paraprofessionnelle : un essai randomisé contrôlé auprès de premiers intervenants
Authors: Jarero Ignacio , Amaya Carolina , Givaudan Martha , Miranda Alaide
Published: October 2018

Le protocole EMDR (désensibilisation et retraitement par les mouvements oculaires) individuel pour une utilisation paraprofessionnelle dans les situations de traumatisme aigu (EMDR-PROPARA) fait partie d'un projet développé à l'initiative du Dr Francine Shapiro. Cet essai clinique randomisé a examiné l'efficacité de ce protocole, administré par des thérapeutes EMDR expérimentés. Trente-neuf premiers intervenants en service actif ayant subi des traumatismes ont été répartis de manière aléatoire en deux groupes et ont reçu des séances de quatre-vingt-dix minutes, soit d'EMDR-PROPARA, soit de thérapie de soutien. Les participants du groupe EMDR-PROPARA ont montré une amélioration immédiatement après le traitement, et leurs scores au Short PTSD Rating Interview (SPRINT), lors d'un suivi à trois mois, avaient encore baissé. Comparativement, les participants du groupe ayant bénéficié de la thérapie de soutien présentaient une amélioration non significative après le traitement et une augmentation des scores au SPRINT lors du second suivi. La différence significative entre les deux traitements donne un support préliminaire à l'hypothèse de l'efficacité de l'EMDR-PROPARA pour réduire la gravité des symptômes post-traumatiques et favoriser une amélioration subjective globale. Les auteurs recommandent que des études mieux contrôlées soient menées afin d'évaluer plus précisément l'efficacité de cette intervention.
Inclusión del yogurt artesanal de leche de búfala en el pienso de gallinas ponedoras Isa Brown y su efecto en la producción y calidad del huevo
Authors: Ortiz-Milán Abel , Gómez-Sarabia Solimar , Jay-Herrera Osmany , Brea-Maura Odelin
Published: October 2018

Con el objetivo de evaluar la inclusión de 0 (control), 5, 10 y 15 ml de yogurt artesanal/ave/día en el pienso de gallinas ponedoras Isa Brown, y su efecto en la producción y calidad del huevo, se utilizaron 240 aves durante 60 días, en el estado Delta Amacuro, Venezuela, siguiendo un diseño completamente aleatorizado, con cuatro tratamientos y seis repeticiones; cada repetición se realizó con 10 gallinas. Al final del experimento se obtuvo que la producción total de huevos (3.04, 3.22, 3.38 y 3.58 kg/ave), el índice de puesta (88.66, 90.00, 93.33 y 96.66 %), la conversión (2.37, 2.24, 2.13 y 2.01 kg alimento/kg huevo) y el peso del huevo (58.96, 60.86, 62.33 y 65.26 g) mejoraron significativamente en las aves a medida que se incrementó en el pienso la dosis de yogurt de búfala. El porciento de huevos rotos no difirió entre tratamientos, mientras que el porciento de huevos cascados y huevos sucios fue superior significativamente para 15 ml de yogurt con respecto al control. Las características sensoriales del huevo cocido (olor, sabor y textura) no mostraron cambios significativos, según el criterio de los panelistas encuestados. Se concluye que la inclusión del yogurt artesanal elaborado con leche de búfala en la dieta de gallinas ponedoras Isa Brown estimuló el índice de puesta y el tamaño del huevo, sin que se presentaran efectos significativos en la calidad sensorial del huevo.
YENİ MEDYADA CİNSEL KİMLİK TEMELLİ NEFRET SÖYLEMİ: İNCİ SÖZLÜK ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DONDURUCU Zeynep Benan
Published: October 2018

Günümüzde yeni medya, geleneksel kitle iletişim araçlarına kıyasla sağladığı içerik üretim özgürlüğü ve editoryal
denetimden bağımsızlık gibi özelliklere bağlı olarak kullanıcıya ifade özgürlüğü açısından yeni bir alan yaratmıştır.
Ancak, İnternet üzerinde içerik üreticilerinin bilinememesi ve kontrol mekanizmalarının işletilememesi; yeni medyayı
nefret söyleminin yoğun bir biçimde üretildiği ve dolaşıma sokulduğu araçlardan biri haline getirmiştir. Nefret
söyleminin sürekli dolaşıma sokulduğu yeni medya araçlarından biri de; kullanıcıların kollektif bir biçimde içerik
ürettiği katılımcı sözlüklerdir. Katılımcı sözlükler üzerinde nefret söyleminin hedefi haline gelen gruplardan biri de;
cinsel kimlikleri nedeni ile egemen ideolojik söylem çerçevesinde kamusal alanda devamlı olarak ayrımcılığa ve
ötekileştirme pratiklerine maruz kalan LGBT bireylerdir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma içerisinde 2010-2017 yılları arasında
argo ve cinsiyetçi yapısı ile diğer katılımcı sözlüklerden ayrılan İnci Sözlük üzerinde “eşcinsel, gay, lezbiyen, biseksüel,
transeksüel” başlıkları altında popüler kategorisinde yer alan içerikler, cinsel kimlik temelli nefret söylemi üretim
biçimlerinin ortaya konulması amacıyla nitel ve nicel içerik analizi yöntemi temel alınarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmada,
incelenen tüm başlıklarda, farklı cinsel yönelimlerin temsili açısından doğrudan ve dolaylı olarak cinsel kimlik temelli
nefret söyleminin kollektif ve katılımcı bir biçimde üretildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
HALKLA İLİŞKİLER ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN MESLEKİ KAYGILARININ ÖLÇÜLMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: GÜLER Şakir
Published: October 2018

Literatürde Halkla İlişkiler uzman adaylarının mesleğe yönelik kaygı durumlarını tespit edecek nitelikte bir ölçeğe
rastlanmamıştır dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın amacı, halkla ilişkiler uzman adaylarının mesleki kaygılarını tespit
etmeye yönelik “Halkla İlişkiler Mesleki Kaygı Ölçeğini (HMKÖ)” geliştirmektir. Alanında uzman kişiler
eşliğinde çeşitli üniversitelerin halkla ilişkiler bölümlerinde eğitim gören son sınıf öğrencileri ile yapılan
görüşmeler neticesinde aşamalar kaydedilerek ilgili anket formu oluşturulmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonucu
geliştirilen ölçeğin 5 faktörlü bir yapıda olduğu görülmüştür. Birinci faktörde 15, ikinci faktörde 10, üçüncü
faktörde 6, dördüncü faktörde 7 ve beşinci faktörde ise 6 madde bulunmaktadır. İlgili faktörler sırasıyla; “görev ve
görev yeri merkezli kaygı”, “ekonomik ve iş-yaşam merkezli kaygı”, “mesleki yeterlilik ve mahrem merkezli
kaygı”, “belirsizlik merkezli kaygı” ve “kararsızlık ve özgüven eksikliği merkezli kaygı” olarak adlandırılmıştır.
Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa güvenilirlik katsayısı faktörler için sırasıyla 0.91, 0.88, 0.86, 0.84, 0,74’ tür. Ölçeğin
geneline yönelik Cronbach alfa katsayısı ise 0.95’ tir. Test-tekrar test Cronbach alfa değeri ise 0.93 olarak
bulunmuştur. Elde edilen ölçek halkla ilişkiler uzman adaylarının kaygılarını ölçebilecek niteliktedir. Halkla
ilişkiler uzman adaylarının üniversiteden meslek yaşamına geçiş dönemlerinde ilgili kaygılarının tespit edilmesi ve
konuyla ilgili yapılabileceklerin çıkarımlanması noktasında ilgili çalışmanın önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
İTALYAN PROPAGANDASINDA KÜLT LİDER OLGUSU: "IL DUCE" BENITO MUSSOLINI
Authors: KARACA Mustafa
Published: October 2018

Ulusal Faşist Parti lideri Benito Mussolini, 1922 yılında İtalya'da Başbakan olmayı başardı. Bu süreçten itibaren
destekçileri ile birlikte yoğun bir propaganda faaliyeti yürüterek İtalya'da Faşizm ideolojisini hâkim kılmaya çalıştı.
Bu amaçla ilk olarak Mussolini'ye "il duce (lider) ünvanı verildi, ardından da İtalyan kamuoyunda kült lider olarak
inşa edilmeye başlandı. Bu çalışmada İtalyan devlet adamı Mussolini'nin İtalyan propagandasında kült lider olarak
nasıl inşa edildiği nitel araştırma yöntemleri içerisinde yer alan göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılarak ortaya
konmuştur. Bu amaçla çalışma kapsamında Mussolini'nin İtalya'da iktidarda bulunduğu dönemde basılan
propaganda afişleri içerisinden amaçlı örneklem metodu kullanılarak belirlenen dört propagandaafişi (Halk, Ordu,
Sömürge, Zafer) Fransız Dil Bilimci Roland Barthes'ın göstergebilimsel analizi ışığında ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen
bulgular ışığında, propaganda afişlerinde Mussolini'nin kült lider inşasında, İtalyan halkının ve ordusunun
Mussolini'yi desteklediği, İtalya'nın Roma İmparatorluğu'nun eski gücüne ulaştığı şeklinde mitlerin oluşturulmaya
çalışıldığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Y KUŞAĞININ İÇERİK TÜKETİCİSİ OLARAK YOUTUBE KULLANIMI: KULLANIM AMAÇLARI, KULLANIM DÜZEYLERİ VE TAKİP EDİLEN İÇERİKLER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Arklan Ümit , Kartal Nurullah Zafer
Published: October 2018

Web 2.0 teknolojisinin beraberinde getirmiş olduğu sosyal medya ortamlarından olan YouTube, kullanıcıların video izlemek, yüklemek ve paylaşmak üzere tercih ettiği yeni nesil internet uygulamalarındandır. Sağladığı imkanlar sayesinde internet kullanım becerisine sahip tüm insanlar, hem içerik üreticileri hem de içerik tüketicileri olarak söz konusu ortamı tecrübe edebilmektedir. Kişisel tercihler doğrultusunda çok çeşitli konularda farklı kullanım pratikleriyle karşımıza çıkan YouTube ortamı, üyelik şartı aramaksızın içeriklere ulaşım olanağı tanıyan yapısı ve paylaşılan içerikleri takip edilebilme özelliği ile her kuşaktan insanın farklı motivasyonlarla yararlanım durumunu beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışma, YouTube ortamına Y kuşağı özelinde odaklanmakta, Y kuşağının içerik türeticisi olarak YouTube ortamını kullanım amaçlarını, kullanım düzeylerini ve takip ettiği içerikleri ortaya koyma amacı gütmektedir. Bu kapsamda, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi öğrencileri içerisinden küme örneklem yöntemine göre seçilmiş 600 denek üzerinde gerçekleştirilen alan araştırması bulguları paylaşılmaktadır. Yapılan alan araştırmasıyla, Y kuşağının internet ortamında video içerikleri izleyeceğinde birincil önceliği YouTube’a verdiği, söz konusu içerikleri izlerken, farklı deneyimler yaşama, etkileşime girme, popüler olanı takip etme, bilgilenme ve eğlenme amaçları doğrultusunda hareket ettiği, bu bağlamda da en fazla müzik videolarına ilgi gösterirken, en az oyun videolarını ve canlı yayınları takip ettiği ve katılımcı profilinin YouTube kullanımına farklı düzeylerde etkisinin olduğu gözlenmektedir.
New Surfactants and Cosolvents Increase Oil Recovery and Reduce Cost
Authors: Nadeeka Upamali Karasinghe A. , Liyanage Pathma Jith , Jang Sung Hyun , Shook Erin , Weerasooriya Upali P. , Pope Gary A.
Published: October 2018

Scientific understanding of how the molecular structures of surfactants and cosolvents affect microemulsion properties greatly speeds up the process of arriving at optimal chemical formulations for enhanced recovery of a specific crude oil. With the main emphasis on reducing the chemical cost of the formulations, novel surfactants and cosolvents have been developed and shown to have superior performance. We have synthesized and tested surfactants with different hydrophobe sizes and structures varying from ultrashort to large to satisfy a variety of crude-oil requirements over a wide range of reservoir conditions. The cosolvents and surfactants with ultrashort hydrophobes offer advantages such as short equilibration time for the microemulsion formation and lower microemulsion viscosity. Chemical formulations developed using these chemicals have shown excellent performance with very low cosolvent and surfactant retention in cores. Low retention means less chemicals can be used to recover each barrel of oil from the reservoir. These chemicals can be made commercially at low cost. Through use of these new developments, the chemical cost per barrel of oil is low enough to be economically viable, even at low crude-oil prices.
Challenges and Value of Interference Testing During Early Production of Kashagan Field
Authors: Saurbayev Ilyas , Reedy John , Bukharbayeva Aigerim , Hatiboglu Can , Massingill Amber
Published: October 2018

This paper presents the use and value of information obtained from interference testing performed during the early production of Kashagan field. Numerous field examples of the interference and pulse tests are presented along with their implications for improving reservoir characterization and modeling. Design aspects of the conducted tests and an approach to address uncertainties in the pressure data are also described.

A significant amount of important interference data was captured during the start-up and subsequent ramp- up of Kashagan field. This included local well to well interference and pulse testing as well as an extended test that covered a larger area of the field. However, operational activities at observer wells complicated the available data and necessitated application of a pressure correction methodology. This methodology had to account for the inherent uncertainty in the interpretation of the data. Moreover, to increase our confidence in the interpretation, a dedicated pulse test was performed in the specific part of the field. Finally, responses from all observation wells were integrated and analyzed to capture big picture learnings from the early interference testing program.

When results of the interpreted interference response from all observers were combined, several groupings of wells became apparent. This helped to understand the degree of connectivity in various areas of the field. For dynamic model calibration, it was preferable to have a range of interference responses for each well to reflect uncertainty in the data. Therefore, so called "early" and "late" response curves were developed for each well. Overall, the collected and analyzed interference data was very useful in reducing uncertainty during this early period and will be used to optimize reservoir management decisions and future phases of the field development.

Results presented in this paper can be used by practicing engineers as another great example for advocating the use of permanent downhole gauges (PDHGs) and importance of proper planning and execution for the interference and pulse tests.
Design and Performance of Smart Water Shock Injection SWSI in Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Al-Kharusi Balqees , Pourafshary Peyman , Mosavat Nader , Al-Wahaibi Yahya
Published: October 2018

Hydrocarbon liquid production from carbonate formations should be increased in order to meet the global growing demand of fossil fuels. Conventional water flooding application in these reservoirs are not very effective mainly due to the oil-wet nature of carbonate reservoirs. Special attention has been recently directed on changing ions composition of the injected water to improve the oil recovery which is referred to smart water flooding. Different studies showed that the adjusted water altered the rock wettability to preferentially more water wet which improves the ultimate oil recovery.

A major problem in this approach is to adjust the ions composition of the huge volume of the injected brine. In this research, we introduced a novel, more practical approach as Smart Water Shock Injection (SWSI) to reduce the pore volume size of the injection. This approach is applied to an Omani carbonate field. Since smart water is injected within a short period of time, called shock, governing parameters such as brine salinity and active ions have to be optimized to achieve the highest oil recovery. Analytical methods such as contact angle measurement, pH measurement, brine analysis, SEM-EDS, and zeta potential measurement were also utilized to provide comprehensive analyses of the performance of the proposed method.

The results verified that increasing the concentration of sulfate ions and magnesium ions in the injected diluted brine turned the oil-wet carbonate surface to a water-wet surface which affects the oil production by a shock injection. The new sequence of the SWSI makes the low salinity water flooding method more practical and cheaper. Core flooding experiment showed that SWSI as the tertiary oil recovery approach improves the oil recovery by 4.3 %. Diagnostic tests showed that, carbonate dissolution and multi ion exchange (MIE) are dominant mechanisms to alter the wettability and improve the oil recovery in our approach.
Improved Methodology for LWD Response During Closed Hole Circulation Drilling
Authors: Bekkaliyev Zharas , Nursaidova Roza , Inanc Feyzi , Salimova Assel , Stefaniak Andrew
Published: October 2018

We document a technology for environmental corrections during logging while drilling (LWD in wash down mode) operations in closed hole circulation drilling (CHCD). The technology documents a new way to estimate hole size (caliper) and other environmental corrections through implementation of a neural net model to identify zones of varying bore hole fluids followed by new algorithms to create final products. Results with new drill wells spurred a re-evaluation of historical wells ending in a new porosity estimation methodology.

Initial quality checks of Neutron-Density cross-plot data for new wells drilled in CHCD mode indicated that applied environmental correction resulted in potential errors in porosity estimations. Investigation of static and dynamic annular pressure data suggested that mixed density annular fluids, drilling mud and sacrificial fluid, created varying logging conditions. A neural net model was developed to account for these conditions. From this analysis a set of lab test were completed and new algorithms were applied to develop a synthetic caliper.

The results of this work provided internally consistent porosity estimation methodology in zones of wells that are typically difficult to evaluate due to complex drilling conditions. The products provide a more thorough understanding of the distribution of porosity in formation and understanding of potential non-matrix features (fractures/karst). The methodology allowed for re-examination of historical wells that were deemed unusable and unsuitable for porosity estimation. Both of these insights are being considered in the history match and prediction of the reservoir model. The integrated approach of the team demonstrates the value of the technical approach by the contractor and operator to deliver results for the project.
Field Integrated Operating Center: A Collaborative Environment Enabling Daily Operational Support and Maximizing Oil Production
Authors: Svyatov Aidar , Kassenov Baurzhan , Shantayev Arman , Zhulkashev Ruslan , Yessengeldin Askar , Janabekov Berik
Published: October 2018

Tengizchevroil (TCO) is the largest operator in Kazakhstan developing two of the world’s deepest supergiant oilfields - Tengiz and Korolev.

The concept of an Integrated Operations Center (IOC) has been developed and implemented over the last few years in TCO. The TCO IOC approach has been established in both Plants and Field Operations to perform rigorous planning of short and long-term activities, improve communication between operational teams (Field Operations, Plant Operations, Reservoir Management Group, Process Engineering Team, Projects Team, etc.) and increase production efficiency at the Field and Plant level. Two key objectives of the IOC are to utilize an Integrated Asset Management approach to ensure field deliverability is available to maintain plant production demands throughout the year, as well as to utilize planned/unplanned facility downtime to execute field facility maintenance and project scope, reservoir surveillance jobs, etc.

The IOC collaborative environment allowed TCO to improve production efficiency in the field and at the Plant by establishing a clear communication bridge between multi-discipline groups, and implementing a "conflict resolution" process, which enabled all relevant groups to perform integrated planning. The overall IOC process has added more than 15,000 bbls of daily production.

One of the key components to the success of the Integrated Asset Management approach was to embed a production engineer in the IOC to ensure field work scope decisions and scheduling are based on short and long-term production deliverability.

This paper outlines how a real-time system can be used for production planning optimization, resource allocation and integrated plan development. The paper includes a discussion of how the Integrated Asset Management approach can be utilized in an operation center to address some of the challenges associated with production planning in field operations.
Implementation of Virtual Flow Metering Concept in Kashagan Field
Authors: Mursaliyev Adilbek
Published: October 2018

This paper presents the implementation and value of Virtual Flow Metering (VFM) concepts for Kashagan Field wells. The VFM models are used for real time well performance estimation. The models are expected to be used to detect fluid properties changes, restrictions in the well tubing and instrumentation malfunctioning.

The paper also describes how the virtual meters are built, tuned and maintained.

One of the VFM techniques is use of Vertical Lift Performance (VLP) equation. The equation describes the relationship between the velocity of the reservoir fluid in the well tubing and pressure drop across the tubing, fluid and tubing parameters. The method consists of testing each well at wide range of flow rates and tuning the VFM model, based on VLP equation.

The method was tested on wells equipped with individual MPFM. After tuning stage, the model was compared against real time MPFM measurements. The models are also tested by estimation of bottom-hole pressure (BHP) using physically measured flow rate as an input and comparing against measured BHP. The fluid properties and phase fractions are calculated using Peng-Robinson EOS programming routines. Wells used for testing have different deviations from vertical.

The results of tuning the VFM models and testing against real time measurements show that the method can be used for accurate well performance estimation in real time. The models are capable of estimating flow rates with an average error of ±5% of span. It is observed that better match is acquired for high flow rates and for wells with less deviation from vertical. Good results were achieved in estimation of BHP using same tuned models.

The inferred friction coefficients were also compared against friction coefficients calculated by use of Colebrook-White equation. The observation is that there is very good match between the two for certain flow range.

The implementation of VFM models was instrumental on improving the overall reconciliation factor for hydrocarbon allocation process.

As a future work, it is important to better understand the following: Impact of slippage between phases to friction loss in the well production tubing;Impact of flow pattern to friction loss;Impact of well curvature (deviation) to friction loss.

The method presented in the paper makes it possible for an engineer, involved in well performance measurements, to implement using readily available tools with no additional cost for dedicated software. This is a practical implementation of simple VLP equation based VFM model which were tested on producing wells with real time measurements.
Big Loop Technology in Modeling Paleozoic Traps of the Bolshekinelsky Fault Zone: A Case Study
Authors: Samokhina Ekaterina , Semenov Alexander
Published: October 2018

Construction of up-to-date reservoir models depends on the input data, the quality of the geologic, geophysical and petrophysical field data, as well as utilized technology.

In case of limited or poor geological and petrophysical data geological modeling could result in several different variants or reservoir model. When making a decision according to one of the possible variants all available data as well as regional geology and tectonic information of the region should be taken in account.

For the developing fields relevance of geological model is checked at the stage of hydrodynamic modeling when matching to history data. Work on the project in such cases consists of several iterations and implies specialized software and close collaboration between specialists. Advanced technologies have a wide range of modeling tools, which constantly evolve to ensure the speed and efficiency of their use. The Big Loop solution integrates static and dynamic model uncertainty under one streamlined workflow.