bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
History and evolution of surgical treatment for spasticity: a journey from neurotomy to selective dorsal rhizotomy
Authors: Cespedes Jorge , Escobar Vidarte Oscar Andrés , Uparela María José , Osorio-Fonseca Enrique , Alvernia Jorge E.
Published: June 2024

The evolution of neurosurgical approaches to spasticity spans centuries, marked by key milestones and innovative practitioners. Probable ancient descriptions of spasmodic conditions were first classified as spasticity in the 19th century through the interventions of Dr. William John Little on patients with cerebral palsy. The late 19th century witnessed pioneering efforts by surgeons such as Dr. Charles Loomis Dana, who explored neurotomies, and Dr. Charles Sherrington, who proposed dorsal rhizotomy to address spasticity. Dorsal rhizotomy rose to prominence under the expertise of Dr. Otfrid Foerster but saw a decline in the 1920s due to emerging alternative procedures and associated complications. The mid-20th century saw a shift toward myelotomy but the revival of dorsal rhizotomy under Dr. Claude Gros’ selective approach and Dr. Marc Sindou’s dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) lesioning. In the late 1970s, Dr. Victor Fasano introduced functional dorsal rhizotomy, incorporating electrophysiological evaluations. Dr. Warwick Peacock and Dr. Leila Arens further modified selective dorsal rhizotomy, focusing on approaches at the cauda equina level. Later, baclofen delivered intrathecally via an implanted programmable pump emerged as a promising alternative around the late 1980s, pioneered by Richard Penn and Jeffrey Kroin and then led by A. Leland Albright. Moreover, intraventricular baclofen has also been tried in this matter. The evolution of these neurosurgical interventions highlights the dynamic nature of medical progress, with each era building upon and refining the work of significant individuals, ultimately contributing to successful outcomes in the management of spasticity.
Percutaneous thermal radiofrequency rhizotomy of L2–S1 spinal nerve roots in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Shapkin Andrey G. , Iakimov Iurii , Sufianov Rinat A. , Sufianova Galina Z. , Sufianov Albert A.
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE

This study presents the results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of percutaneous thermal radiofrequency (RF) ablation of spinal nerve roots to reduce spasticity and improve motor function in children with cerebral palsy (CP).

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the surgical treatment outcomes of 26 pediatric patients with severe CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System levels IV–V). The assessment protocol included muscle tone assessment using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), evaluation of passive and active range of motion, gait video recording, and locomotor status evaluation using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)–88 scale. Thermal RF rhizotomy (ablation of spinal nerve roots) was performed on all patients at the L2–S1 levels at 70°C for 90 seconds. The statistical data analysis was conducted using the t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

Before the operation, the average level of spasticity in the lower-limb muscles of all patients was 3.0 ± 0.2 according to the MAS. In the early postoperative period, the spasticity level in all examined muscle groups significantly decreased to a mean of 1.14 ± 0.15 (p < 0.001). In the long-term postoperative period, the spasticity level in the examined muscle groups averaged 1.49 ± 0.17 points on the MAS (p < 0.001 compared to baseline, p = 0.0416 compared to the early postoperative period). Despite the marked reduction of spasticity in the lower limbs, no significant change in locomotor status according to the GMFM-88 scale was observed in the selected category of patients. In the long-term period, during the control examination of patients, the GMFM-88 level increased on average by 3.6% ± 1.4% (from 22.2% ± 3.1% to 25.8% ± 3.6%).

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study offer preliminary yet compelling evidence that RF ablation of spinal nerve roots can lead to a significant and enduring decrease in muscle tone among children with severe spastic CP. Further studies and longer-term data of the impact on functionality and quality of life of patients with CP after spinal root RF ablation are needed.
Acceptance of New Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine among Pregnant Women in Nepal for Future Routine Immunization: A Descriptive Crosssectional Study
Authors: Adhikari Santosh , Chapagain Ram Hari , Maharjan Jessica , Kunwar Kshitij , Pudasaini Sudip , Singh Pramod , Gautam Abhiyan , Bhattarai Tribhuwan , Bhattarai Srijana
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Children are at greatest risk for severe illness from Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). The aim of the study was to find out the knowledge of RSV, practice and knowledge about vaccination during pregnancy and the willingness to accept vaccines against RSV during pregnancy in the future among mothers needs to be understood which would add up information for stakeholder and policy makers.Methods: A preformed Performa was used for face-to-face interview was conducted among 340 pregnant women who visited the Antenatal clinic from 15-Oct-2023 to 30-Nov-2023 in their second and third trimester. Socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and the attitude concerning antenatal vaccination affecting the acceptance of RSV vaccine were evaluated from the interview.Results: The mean age was 28.4 years, with 310 (91.18%) already having at least one child. Six (1.76%) participants had previously heard about RSV, and 325 (95.59%) were aware of the problem caused by RSV after they were briefly explained about it in their local language. A total of 246 (72.35%) of the mothers expressed willingness to be vaccinated themselves rather than vaccinating their children if such an option existed. Only 2 (0.59%) participants were familiar with nasal vaccines, and only 18 (5.29%) believed in such vaccines being effective. Despite this, almost all participants 339 (99.71%) in the study demonstrated willingness to receive additional antenatal vaccines if approved for use in future.Conclusions: The study showed a limited understanding of RSV in children among pregnant women in Nepal. However, they are aware of the impact of bronchiolitis and expressed a strong willingness to undergo maternal vaccination against RSV.
Diagnosis of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Pyrexia of Unknown Origin: A Case Report
Authors: Thapa Khusbu , Thapa Khusbu , Kharel Bikranta Bikram , Shrestha Shreya , Ikram Tanbir
Published: June 2024

A case of a 61-year male presented with chief complaints of fever for three months. Diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was made after liver biopsy when Positron-Emission Tomography revealed multiple fluoro deoxy glucose avid lesions in the liver. The patient of this disease typically presents with fever, splenomegaly, hyperferritinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, raised liver enzymes, and marrow features suggestive of hemophagocytosis. The treatment is usually systemic corticosteroids, chemotherapy with etoposide, cyclosporine, or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, depending on the cause. A diagnosis like hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis can easily be missed in developing countries with low resources like Nepal. Hence, this disease should be suspected in patients presenting with pyrexia of unknown origin by treating physicians.
Drawing of the Russian population into large cities and their suburbs
Authors: Мкртчян Н.В.
Published: June 2024

Масштабы перетока населения в крупные города и их пригороды в России в 2011– 2020 гг. оцениваются в 3,5–5,5 млн человек. В результате миграции эти территории существенно увеличили свое население за этот период. В расчетах использованы индивидуальные деперсоницифированные данные, позволяющие на основе авторской методики выделять центры (крупные города разного размера и их пригороды) и периферийные территории и анализировать миграцию между ними. Детальность данных позволяет делимитировать переток в крупные города из населенных пунктов разного размера периферийных территорий, а также констатировать перераспределение населения между центрами разного размера в пользу крупнейших. Приток в центры разных размеров, в свою очередь, имеет специфику: жители крупных населенных пунктов на периферии переезжают в крупнейшие агломерации. Чем меньше центр, тем в большей мере его миграционный прирост обеспечен жителями малых населенных пунктов. Города размером менее 250 тыс. жителей и их пригороды не имели миграционного прироста населения, так как приток с периферии не мог восполнить их убыль в миграции с более крупными центрами. Все расчеты выполнены с учетом искажающего влияния автовозврата на масштабы перетока населения.

The scale of population fl ow to large cities and their suburbs in Russia in 2011–2020. is estimated at 3.5–5.5 million people, because of migration these territories have signifi cantly increased their population during this period. During the calculations, individual depersonalized data were used, which made it possible, based on the author’s methodology, to identify centers (large cities of various sizes and their suburbs) and peripheral territories and analyze migration between them. The detail of the data makes it possible to delimit the fl ow to large cities from settlements of different sizes in peripheral territories, as well as to state the redistribution of the population among centers of different sizes in favor of the largest ones. The infl ux of the population to centers of different sizes, in turn, has specifi cs: residents of large settlements in the periphery move to the largest agglomerations. The smaller the center, the more its migration increase is provided by residents of small settlements. Cities with less than 250 thousand inhabitants and their suburbs did not have a migration increase in population, because the infl ux from the periphery could not compensate for their migration loss into larger centers. All calculations were made taking into account the distorting infl uence of auto return on the scale of population fl ow.
Evaluation of non-systemic fungicides for growth inhibition of Alternaria burnsii causing blight in cumin
Authors: MAKWANA KAJAL G. , TALAVIYA J. R. , SHAH K. D. , SAVALIYA V. A. , LATHIYA S. V.
Published: June 2024

Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is an important seed spice crop at world level and India is the leading producer (70% of world production), consumer and exporter of cumin in the world. Almost 80% of the crop cultivated is consumed in India. The crop yield is affected by several biotic and abiotic factors, among them, blight caused by Alternaria burnsii (Uppal, Patel and Kamat) is one of the most dreaded diseases and a major production constrain for the successful cultivation of cumin crop. Among the non-systemic fungicides tested, captan 75% WP, chlorothalonil 75 % WP and mancozeb 75 % WP were most effective with 95.67, 95.62 and 94.86 per cent growth inhibition, respectively whereas hexaconazole 5 % EC was most effective in systemic fungicides with 99.98 per cent inhibition followed by Tebuconazole 25.9 % EC 87.40 per cent inhibition.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Efektivitas Pengambilan Keputusan
Authors: Hendriani Susi , Rika Yohana Sari  , Nurhizrah Gistituati
Published: June 2024

This research aims to investigate the influence of leadership style on the effectiveness of decision making in an organizational context. The focus of this research is to analyze the relationship between various leadership styles, such as authoritarian, democratic, transformational, and transactional, with effective decision making results. The results of the data analysis will be used to understand the extent to which certain leadership styles contribute to the quality of the decisions produced. Various decision-making processes, styles and techniques are explored as potential moderator variables in seeing the influence of effective decision-making on organizational progress. It is hoped that the practical implications of this research finding will provide insight for leaders and business practitioners in developing leadership strategies that support effective decision making. By understanding the impact of leadership style on decision making, this research seeks to contribute to the leadership and management literature, while also providing practical guidance for leaders who desire to increase decision effectiveness within their organizations.
Implementasi Pemberian Bantuan Hukum terhadap Aparatur Sipil Negara Tenaga Kesehatan di Kabupaten Kampar Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang ASN
Authors: Afriadi Hamid  , Ardiansah  , Sudi Fahmi
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini membahas implementasi pemberian bantuan hukum kepada Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) yang bergerak di sektor tenaga kesehatan di Kabupaten Kampar, dengan merujuk pada Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang ASN. Dalam paradigma negara hukum dan demokrasi, pemberian bantuan hukum menjadi krusial untuk memastikan perlindungan hak-hak hukum ASN. Kendala-kendala seperti kurangnya pemahaman ASN terhadap hak mereka, aspek administratif dan prosedural yang kurang jelas, serta keterbatasan anggaran menjadi fokus penelitian. Metode penelitian melibatkan analisis dokumen hukum, wawancara dengan pejabat terkait, dan survei ke ASN di Kabupaten Kampar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya tantangan dalam pemahaman ASN terhadap hak mereka untuk mendapatkan bantuan hukum, disertai dengan kendala administratif dan keterbatasan anggaran. Meskipun Pemerintah Kabupaten Kampar telah melakukan upaya seperti program edukasi, transparansi prosedur pemberian bantuan hukum masih perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya keterlibatan aktif pihak hukum pemerintah dan inisiatif sukarela ASN dalam meminta bantuan hukum. Evaluasi dan penyesuaian mekanisme pemberian bantuan hukum di Kabupaten Kampar menjadi kunci untuk memastikan hak-hak hukum ASN, terutama yang bergerak di bidang kesehatan, terlaksana sesuai dengan ketentuan undang-undang yang berlaku. Implikasi temuan ini dapat menjadi dasar bagi perbaikan kebijakan dan langkah-langkah konkretdalam meningkatkan efektivitas pemberian bantuan hukum di lingkungan ASN Kabupaten Kampar
Strategi Indonesia Dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif Ditengah Masuknya Korean Wave Tahun 2017-2020
Authors: Juliette Heuvel Harlapan  , Triesanto Romulo Simanjuntak  , Roberto Cornelis Octavianus Seba
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implikasi masuknya Korean Wave ke Indonesia dalam bidang industri kreatif dan hubungan bilateral antara Indonesia dengan Korea Selatan. Sehingga peneliti mencoba untuk menganalisis strategi yang harus dilakukan Indonesia dalam memanfaatkan peluang hadirnya Korean Wave sebagai sebuah inovasi baru. Hubungan bilateral Indonesia dengan Korea Selatan begitu erat, sehingga juga menjadi sebuah kesempatan bagi Indonesia untuk mengembangkan ekonomi kreatif nya dan di perkenalkan di Korea Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Sebagian besar data yang dikumpulkan berasal dari hasil literatur yang didukung oleh studi pusaka dan data dari website. Teori yang digunakan yakni Neoliberalisme dengan konsep hubungan kerja sama bilateral dan ekonomi kreatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan diplomasi yang dilakukan oleh badan ekonomi kreatif Indonesia dengan berbagai pihak baik dalam negeri maupun luar negeri mampu memperkenalkan karya produksi Indonesia di Korea Selatan. Peneliti menemukan strategi Bekraf, dengan melakukan perluasan pasar baik dalam lingkungan domestik maupun luar negeri, melakukan pendekatan dan kerja sama dengan lembaga pemerintah dan non-pemerintah, melakukan pelatihan, dan melakukan program hubungan kerja sama Indonesia-Korea Selatan pada event yang diselenggarakan
Gasifikasi Limbah Tempurung Kelapa Sebagai Gas Bakar Pada Motor Bakar Empat-Tak
Authors: Tiara
Published: June 2024

Energi merupakan kebutuhan pokok bagi kegiatan sehari-hari mulai dari kebutuhan rumah tangga sampai dengan kebutuhan di bidang industri. Di Indonesia pada umumnya masih menggunakan sumber energi yang tak terbarukan, sumber energi itu berasal dari minyak bumi, batubara, dan gas bumi. Karena tidak dapat diperbarui, hal ini menyebabkan adanya kekhawatiran akan terjadinya kekurangan energi yang besar di masa depan. Dengan adanya fakta tersebut maka akan dilakukan penelitian untuk memanfaatkan dan mengoptimalkan penggunaan dari energi terbarukan dengan salah satu metode yaitu dengan gasifikasi biomassa. Dengan bahan baku tempurung kelapa. Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh rasio udara bahan bakar terhadap komposisi gas hasil, stabilitas nyala api dan stabilitas nyala engine. Penelitian ini menggunakan rasio udara bahan bakar 0,79, 0,86, 1,086, 1,22, dan 1,30. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan kondisi operasi yang optimal pada temperatur 500oC dengan Rasio Udara Bahan Bakar yaitu 0,79 yang menghasilkan warna nyala api yang biru dengan kondisi engine stabil. Kemudian kandungan combustable gas tertinggi yang dihasilkan yaitu (8,067%CH4, 33,56%CO, 11,45%H2) pada konsisi operasi optimal 500oC dan Rasio Udara Bahan Bakar 0,79.
TEORI PERKEMBANGAN ETIKA LINGKUNGAN DALAM PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP HAK ATAS LINGKUNGAN YANG BAIK DAN SEHAT
Authors: Fawwaz Asyraf
Published: June 2024

The development of environmental law should be orientated towards management in modern environmental law. The act of destroying the environment is an act of violating environmental rights as well as harming human interests. The anthropocentrism paradigm in the theory of environmental ethics imposes humans as rulers over nature, who do not pay attention to environmental conservation in their management, merely to fulfil their needs in obtaining a good and healthy environment which is part of human rights. This research talks about Environmental Ethics which is closely related to humans as an entity that cannot be separated from the environment because it is closely related to human behaviour and how it relates to the environment. Environmental management is concerned with the value of awareness to be able to fulfil the rights and obligations of an environment, the manifestation of the influence of global or international legal awareness has influenced environmental policy in Indonesia which until now is contained in the UUPPLH. Environmental legal instruments in Indonesia have regulated the right to a good and healthy environment so that humans create environmental rights not to be damaged or polluted which can harm human rights. This research, discusses and includes legal studies, legal concepts from experts and approaches that are closely related to the level of human awareness of the importance of managing and maintaining the right to the environment in order to create a good and healthy environment as stated in the Law.
Keywords: Environmental Law, Environmental Ethics, Right to a Good and Healthy Environment
PENGARUH INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT (ICM) TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN WILAYAH PESISIR DI NEGARA ASIA TIMUR
Authors: Kholik Saeful , Siregar Syamsul Bahri , Attoilah Attoilah , Alam Kodrat , Jastitia Mentari
Published: June 2024

Integrated coastal management (ICM) is a guideline and framework for peer assessment services for coastal area protection and management. The ratification of the international conference on the protection of seas and coastal areas underlies the exploitation of seas and coastal areas that exceed the carrying capacity and resilience of environmental management. The conception of ICM in its framework carries integration or integration between sectors such as central and local governments, the private sector, and entrepreneurs. The success of the conception of ICM can be seen in terms of the functions and rules of ICM that affect the development of sustainable coastal areas. However, with the success of ICM, of course, it saves the negative side of the limits and policy patterns based on local government authority, it will be possible to overlap the determination of the role and function of centralized ICM. The research method used is juridical-normative, namely research that prioritizes data analysis based on norms and rules that can then be analyzed through qualitative stages with description-analysis. Based on the results of the study that the limits of the function and role of ICM lie in matters of authority between the central and regional governments, these limits will arise on the content of the interests of managing arrangements, utilizing coastal areas.
ON DIGITAL ETHNOGRAPHY: NONVIOLENT CAMPAIGN MOVEMENT OF THE INSTAGRAM COMMUNITY @TOLERANSI.ID IN REALIZING RELIGIOUS MODERATION
Authors: Pamungkas Martinus Danang , Suleman Zulfikri , Santoso Anang Dwi
Published: June 2024

This study discusses the movements of the Instagram community @toleransi.id in promoting religious moderation through nonviolent campaigns during online radicalism and religious extremism. Instagram is used as a tool to achieve religious harmony. However, the community faces challenges such as digital repression and restrictions on the freedom of religious expression. The research method involves qualitative descriptive content analysis. Furthermore, digital ethnography is used to holistically understand the cultural and social experiences of @toleransi.id community activities in the digital world of Instagram. Data were collected through observation and documentation of digital content published by @toleransi.id from 2019 to 2023. Data analysis involved symbol classification, determination of analysis criteria, and analysis using the theoretical and conceptual frameworks of nonviolent campaigns, networked social movements, and religious moderation. The results show that this community faces semantic and behavioral barriers due to the open autonomy space of the internet. They use tactics such as creative and inclusive digital content, dialogue spaces, intellectual discourse, and Instagram as a campaign platform to influence public opinion and build networks. The findings contribute to the study of social movements and religious moderation by showing how @toleransi.id initiated a religious moderation movement with a nonviolent campaign initiated by the Internet autonomy space
LOCAL WISDOM VALUES OF MALAQBI AS THE FORMATION OF MANDAR ETHNIC CHARACTER
Authors: Nasir Muhammad , Danial Muhammad , Azis Ahmad Ridhai , Adawiah Rabiatul
Published: June 2024

This research aims to describe the value of local wisdom "malaqbi" in shaping the characteristics and uncovering the factors underlying the existence of the Mandar ethnic group. The study employs a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach (phenomenology, sociocultural, and critical literacy). The research locations are in Napo Village, Limboro District, Polewali Mandar Regency, and Adolang Village, Pamboang District, Majene Regency. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, FGD (Focus Group Discussion), and documentary studies.

The findings indicate the value of local wisdom "malaqbi" in shaping the character of the Mandar Ethnicity, namely: (1) The malaqbi value is used as the basic concept of self-awareness in interpreting the philosophy of Mandar Ethnic life; (2) The malaqbi value is used as the foundation of discourse;    (3) The local wisdom value of malaqbi is used as the foundation of attitude; and (4) The malaqbi value is used as the foundation of social behavior. The factors underlying the existence of the local wisdom value of malaqbi in the Mandar Ethnicity are: (1) Awareness of mutual respect and respect for fellow human beings; (2) Awareness of clarifying identity as Mandar people; (3) Awareness of historical events; and (4) Awareness of "siri'" as the consequence of behavior that is not in accordance with malaqbi.
The implication of this research is that the value of malaqbi, which is very wise and full of teachings about life, especially social life, should always be applied by the Mandar Ethnic community in all fields. The malaqbi value has existed before Islamic teachings spread to the Mandar region. Understanding of the malaqbi value even applies to several designations for the Mandar Ethnic community, such as "to I Mandar" (original Mandar people), "to Mandar" (people who come and reside in Mandar), and "pammandar" (people who come to Mandar for specific purposes but do not reside there or only temporarily).
NAHDLATUL ULAMA’S CONCEPT OF PROMOTING GLOBAL HARMONY THROUGH RELIGION TWENTY
Authors: Hannase Mulawarman , Hamzah Idil , Akbar Akbar , Zahran Mostafa
Published: June 2024

This article explores the concept of Nahdatul Ulama in promoting global harmony through the R 20 activities. The research employs a qualitative method with data sourced from library research. The article concludes that R 20 has taken concrete steps, facilitated by Nahdatul Ulama, to foster global harmony. These efforts culminated in a collective agreement termed the ‘Communique’ focusing on four key aspects elucidating religion as a conflict resolution: firstly, tolerance (Tasāmuh), in the dynamics of social diversity, emphasizing the development of tolerant attitudes among religious communities as an expression of the ability to bear the burden of differing perspectives. Secondly, ecotheology, a theological concept exploring the interconnectedness of religion and nature, encourages integrating spiritual dimensions with environmental responsibilities. Thirdly, Interfaith Dialogue underscores the necessity for in-depth dialogues to achieve peace among nations and religions. With openness, communication, and compassion, conflicts are viewed as opportunities to enhance understanding, fostering harmonious relationships among religious practitioners. Lastly, the article highlights the active roles of government and religious leaders in addressing extremism and intolerance, contributing to the realization of harmony. The concept used by NU as a basis for compiling the 'Communique' is special because it specifies universal religious values and strengthens the national program, namely Religious Moderation. This is based on NU's commitment as a religious organization that maintains traditionalist theological values as well as being a guardian of national policy.
Mathematics Pre-Service Teachers’ Understanding on Oughtred and His Inventions
Authors: Noto Muchamad Subali , Putri Anisyah Pratiwi , Harisman Yulyanti , Harun Lukman
Published: June 2024

Penemuan William Oughtred berupa alat peraga yang disebut slide rule membuat matematika terus berkembang. Slide rule membantu para ilmuwan dan teknisi dalam melakukan perhitungan matematika kompleks, serta membuka jalan perkembangan teknologi baru.  Tujuan penelitian untuk memotivasi, memberikan informasi, dan mengetahui pengetahuan mahasiswa calon guru mengenai matematikawan Oughtred dan penemuannya. Penelitian berjenis kualitatif dengan metode literature review dan studi kasus. Literatur review didapatkan dari beberapa jurnal yang berhubungan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menelaah, menganalisis, dan mengelompokkan sehingga diperoleh kesimpulan. Studi kasus didapat dari wawancara terhadap subjek penelitian, yaitu 10 mahasiswa prodi pendidikan matematika. Instrumen berbentuk wawancara terbuka. Setiap mahasiswa diberikan pertanyaan mengenai pengetahuan tentang William Oughtred dan penemuannya. Analisis data dilakukan dengan meta analisis dan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat tiga kategori respon mahasiswa pendidikan matematika terhadap topik wawancara. Kategori tersebut yaitu Know History Oughtred, Forget History Oughtred, dan Indifferent to History Oughtred.
William Oughtred's invention in the form of a teaching aid called the slide rule made mathematics continue to develop. Slide rules help scientists and technicians perform complex mathematical calculations and pave the way for new technological developments. The research aims to motivate, provide information, and find out the knowledge of prospective teacher students about the mathematician Oughtred and his findings. Qualitative research used literature review and case study methods. Literature reviews were obtained from several related journals. Data collection techniques are carried out by examining, analyzing, and grouping conclusions obtained. Case studies were obtained from interviews with research subjects, namely 10 students in a mathematics education study program. The instrument is in the form of an open interview. Each student is given questions regarding knowledge about William Oughtred and his discoveries. Data analysis was performed by meta-analysis and thematic analysis. The results showed that there were three categories of mathematics education students' responses to the interview topic. These categories are Know History Oughtred, Forget History Oughtred, and Indifferent to History Oughtred.
Students' Computational Thinking Ability in Calculating an Area Using The Limit of Riemann Sum Approach
Authors: Junaeti Enjun , Herman Tatang , Priatna Nanang , Dasari Dadan , Juandi Dadang
Published: June 2024

Melatih kemampuan berpikir komputasional mahasiswa membuka peluang untuk lebih menguasi konsep, menganalisis permasalahan, dan membangun solusi dunia nyata. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis kemampuan berpikir komputational mahasiswa Pendidikan Ilmu Komputer berupa kemampuan abstraksi, dekomposisi, berpikir algoritmik, dan generalisasi. Metode penelitian yaitu studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Pembelajaran dilakukan kepada 40 mahasiswa semester 1 (satu) secara kolaboratif dalam penyelesaian masalah luas daerah dengan pendekatan limit. Pada akhir pembelajaran mahasiswa diberikan soal tes kemampuan berpikir komputasional mahasiswa. Jawaban tes setiap mahasiswa dianalisis dari segi sisi fungsi mental yang muncul untuk mengetahui karakteristik akusisi kemampuan penyelesaian masalah. Pada penelitian yang telah dilakukan mahasiswa dikategorikan dalam kelompok novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, dan expert berdasarkan karakter penyelesaian masalahnya. Pada umumnya setiap mahasiswa telah memiliki kemampuan berpikir algoritmik. Sebagian besar mahasiswa (kecuali kategori novice) juga telah mampu mengabstraksi dan mendekomposisi permasalahan. Sedangkan kemampuan pengenalan pola baru terlihat pada mahasiswa dengan kategori competent, proficient, dan expert.
Training students' computational thinking ability provides opportunities to comprehend concepts, analyse problems, and build solutions in real-life contexts. The purpose of the study was to analyse the computational thinking abilities of Computer Science Education students, i.e., abstraction, decomposition, algorithmic thinking, and generalization abilities. The research method used was a case study with a descriptive qualitative approach. The learning process was conducted by 40 students for semester 1 (one) semester collaboratively in solving area problems using the limit approach. At the end of the lesson, the students were tested through students' computational thinking abilities. Each student's answers were analyzed in terms of the mental functions that emerged to determine the characteristics of the acquisition of problem-solving ability. In this study, the students were categorized into groups of novices, advanced beginner, competent, professional, and expert based on the natures of their problem solving. In general, every student had the ability to think algorithmically. Most students (except the novice category) were able to abstract and unravel the problems. Meanwhile, the ability to recognize new patterns were demonstrated by the students in the competent, professional, and expert categories.
Students' Higher Order Thinking Process in Solving Math Problems by Gender
Authors: Herawati Tutik , Hidayati Wiwin Sri , Iffah Jauhara Dian Nurul
Published: June 2024

Keterampilan proses berpikir tingkat tinggi dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika diperlukan siswa dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian mendeskripsikan proses berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa laki-laki dan perempuan level menganalisis (C4), mengevaluasi (C5), dan mencipta (C6) dalam menyelesaikan masalah. Subjek penelitian 1 siswa laki-laki dan 1 siswa perempuan. Instrumen utama peneliti sendiri, instrumen pendukung tes berpikir tingkat tinggi dan pedoman wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data mengunakan tes dan wawancara. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi waktu. Teknik analisis data melalui reduksi, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian subjek laki-laki (C4), mengenali, menyebutkan hal penting, dan membuat rencana solusi. (C5), memeriksa kebenaran pekerjaan, membuktikan kesamaan luas lahan dan memberikan penilaian. (C6), membuat dua  gambar berbeda dari solusi jawaban yang pertama serta membuktikan kesamaan luas. Subjek perempuan (C4), mengenali hal penting dan tidak penting, membuat rencana solusi dengan menggambar lahan, membuktikan kesamaan luas dengan menghubungkan materi sumbu simetri dan rumus luas bangun trapesium. (C5), memeriksa kebenaran hasil pekerjaan  dengan menghitung luas lahan serta  memberikan penilaian, dan menghubungkan konsep materi sumbu simetri. (C6), membuat satu  gambar yang berbeda, tidak membuktikan kebenaran kesamaan luas, dan menghitung panjang pagar.
Higher-order thinking process skills in solving mathematical problems are necessary in the learning process. The purpose of the study was to describe the high order thinking process of male and female students at analyzing (C4), evaluating (C5), and creating (C6) in problem solving. The participants were 1 male student and 1 female student. The main instrument was the researcher himself, and the supporting instruments were higher order thinking tests and interview guidelines to collect the data. To validate the data, this study utilized time triangulation. The data analysis was processed through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The findings of the study revealed that the male subject could (C4), identify the problem, mention important things, and plan the solutions, (C5) evaluate the work, prove the similarity of the land area and provide an assessment, (C6) make two different pictures of the first answer's solution and prove the broad similarity. The female subject could (C4), recognize important and unimportant things, make a solution plan by drawing the land, prove the similarity of areas by connecting the material axes of symmetry and the formula of ​​a trapezoid area, (C5) evaluate the answer by calculating the land area and providing an assessment, and connecting the material concept of the axial symmetry, (C6) make a different picture, not prove the truth of the area similarity, and calculate the length of the fence.
Students’ Scientific Attitudes and Creative Thinking Skills
Authors: Halini  , R Zubaidah , Pasaribu Revi Lestari , Mirza Ade , Afriansyah Ekasatya Aldila
Published: June 2024

Salah satu yang dapat mempengaruhi terbangunnya keterampilan berfikir kreatif adalah scientific attitudes seseorang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (a) Mendeskripsikan profil scientific attitudes mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan matematika, (b) Mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kreatif mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan matematika, (c) Menguji keterkaitan antara scientific attitudes dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif mahasiswa. Aspek kelancaran, aspek keaslian dan aspek kerincian termasuk kategori tinggi. Sedangkan aspek keluwesan termasuk pada kategori sedang. Bentuk penelitian menggunakan mixed methods dengan status sepadan yaitu menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sedangkan sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa yang tidak mengulang pada mata kuliah penilaian proses dan hasil pembelajaran matematika tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik klaster random sampling. Pengujian hipotesis penelitian dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi Kendall Tau. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keterkaitan yang erat antara scientific attitudes dengan kemampuan berfikir kreatif mahasiswa pada perkuliahan penilaian proses dan hasil belajar matematika.
One that can affect the development of creative thinking skills is a person's scientific attitude. The aims of this study were (a) to describe the scientific attitude profile of students in the Mathematics Education Study Program, (b) to describe the creative thinking skills of students in the Mathematics Education Study Program, (c) to test the relationship between scientific attitudes and students' creative thinking skills. Aspects of fluency, aspects of creativity, and aspects of fact are included in the high category. In comparison, the aspect of flexibility is included in the medium category. This form of research uses mixed methods with commensurate status, namely using a qualitative descriptive approach and a quantitative approach. Meanwhile, the research sample was students who did not repeat the mathematics learning process and results in the 2022/2023 school year assessment course. Sampling using cluster random sampling technique. Testing the research hypothesis using Kendall Tau correlation analysis. The results of hypothesis testing show a close relationship between scientific attitudes and students' creative thinking abilities in the process assessment lectures and mathematics learning outcomes.
Mathematical Knowledge Content in Junior High School Curriculum: A Comparative Study of the 2013 Curriculum and Merdeka Curriculum
Authors: Pusporini Widowati , Widodo Sri Adi , Wijayanti Astuti , Wijayanti Nisa , Utami Wikan Budi , Taqiyudin Muhammad , Irfan Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi materi matematika SMP pada kurikulum Merdeka, dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan materi matematika pada kurikulum Merdeka dan kurikulum 2013. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan tinjauan pustaka secara sistematik. Hal ini karena digunakan sebagai studi pengembangan awal yang dilakukan untuk penyusunan LKS. Sesuai dengan metode penelitian yang digunakan, peneliti menjadi instrumen utama. Langkah-langkah penelitian ini adalah (1) merumuskan pertanyaan tinjauan, (2) melakukan pencarian literatur secara sistematis, (3) menyaring dan memilih artikel penelitian yang sesuai, (4) menganalisis dan menyintesis temuan kualitatif, (5) menjaga kendali mutu, dan (6) menyajikan temuan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari regulasi kurikulum merdeka, regulasi kurikulum 2013, dan mengidentifikasi artikel dari jurnal. Teknik analisis data mengacu pada reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa materi matematika yang dipelajari siswa pada kurikulum Merdeka sebagian besar sama dengan kurikulum 2013, namun terdapat perbedaan pada materi lingkaran. Untuk materi himpunan, dan aritmetika sosial belum dipelajari dalam kurikulum merdeka.
This study aimed to identify junior high school mathematics material in the Merdeka curriculum and to find out the differences in mathematics material in the Merdeka curriculum and the 2013 curriculum. The research method used in this study was qualitative with a systematic literature review approach because it served as a preliminary development analysis carried out to prepare worksheets. According to the research method used, the researcher becomes the main instrument. The steps of this research are (1) formulating the review question, (2) conducting a systematic literature search, (3) screening and selecting appropriate research articles, (4) analyzing and synthesizing qualitative findings, (5) maintaining quality control, and (6) presenting finding. The Merdeka curriculum's regulation provided the data for this study, 2013 curriculum regulation, and identifying articles from journals. Data analysis techniques refer to data reduction, display, and verification. The results show that the mathematics material that students learn in the Merdeka curriculum is mostly the same as the 2013 curriculum, but there are differences in the circle material. The Merdeka curriculum excludes the study of set content and social math.
Social capital in the development of social entrepreneurship
Authors: Shelenko Dіаna , Balaniuk Ivan , Balaniuk Vira
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate and analyze the ways in which social capital influences the devel-opment of social entrepreneurship. The task of this study is aimed at increasing attention to the impact of social capital on the development of social entrepreneurship and outlining opportunities for effective activities of economic entities. Research methods. The methodological basis of the research is a complex research method - to characterize socially active enterprises operating in Ivano-Frankivsk region, as well as to get acquainted with the world experience of social entrepreneurship. A prerequisite for the formation of social capital of the potential inherent in it is a consistent and systematic solution to the problem, which will include a set of defining principles. The following general and special methods were used in the research process: analysis and synthesis to evaluate the activity of socially active entrepreneurship; analytical groupings - to establish differences between business and social entrepreneurship; abstract-logical during the formation of theoretical generalizations. Research results. The role and place of social capital in the development of social entrepreneurship have been considered. Consistent contexts of studying the theory of social capital are highlighted. The socially active enterprises of Ivano-Frankivsk region are analyzed and the description of achievements of their activity is given. The main directions of social enterprise development in the countryside have been given. The world experience of social entrepreneurship is studied. The differences between business entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship are identified. Scientific novelty. The substantiation of the development of social capital in the development of entrepreneurship has been deepened. The interpretation of social capital gave grounds to consider it as a system that covers the necessary for each episode of the set of subsystems at different levels, which is designed to have a real impact on the development of economic entities. Practical significance. Proposals for scientific understanding of the essence of the potential of socially active enterprises have been developed, which will serve as a basis for deepening theoretical and methodological research on the problems of social capital development in entrepreneurship. The presented provisions are aimed at revealing the typical features and the most significant problematic issues of the characteristics of socially active enterprises of Ivano-Frankivsk region, which need attention from public authorities and local governments.
Imperatives of formation of the organizational mechanism efficient operation of milk processing enterprises
Authors: Kryvun Mykhailo
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the imperatives of forming an organizational mechanism for the effective functioning of dairy enterprises with justification of the prospects for their further progressive development in modern economic conditions. Research methods. In the process of research a number of methods were used: monographic - to determine the essence of the concept of imperative; analysis and synthesis - to outline the organizational factors influencing the activities of milk processing enterprises and legal regulation of production and requirements for compliance with the safety and quality of milk and dairy products; modeling - to build conceptual models of organizational structure and institutional organization of the milk and dairy products market; comparisons and comparisons - to identify differences between the quality management system and product safety, based on international standards of the ISO series, and the HACCP food safety system; abstract-logical - to formulate conclusions. Research results. The basic requirements to the effective functioning of milk processing enterprises are considered. Based on the marketing chain, the organizational structure is outlined, the current state is analyzed, development options and requirements for a comprehensive assessment of the milk and dairy products market are identified. The institutional organization of the dairy market, the requirements of state institutions of legal regulation to the production and safety and quality of dairy products of enterprises are analyzed. Contradictions of normative-legal documents interfering with the work of milk processing enterprises have been established. The activity of institutes of public self-government of dairy producers, their influence on the functioning and requirements for improving the efficiency of milk processing enterprises was monitored. The organizational principles of building partnerships between dairy market participants are outlined. Comprehensive approaches to ensuring the quality of dairy products in the operational activities of enterprises based on the requirements of quality management systems and safety of dairy products and risk analysis and control of hazards are proposed. Scientific novelty. Methodological and practical aspects of a comprehensive study of the requirements for the formation of the organizational mechanism and justification of measures to ensure the effective functioning of dairy enterprises in modern economic conditions have been further developed. Practical significance. The defined approaches and results of research of imperatives of formation of the organizational mechanism can be used by bodies of the state and branch management at the organization of monitoring and development of priority actions for increase of efficiency of the enterprises of domestic dairy branch.
Theory of essence of the definition "rural areas"
Authors: Bezhenar Inna , Mamchur Volodymyr , Malik Larisa , Hermaniuk Nataliia , Demchenko Olena
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to deepen the theoretical and substantiation of methodological provisions for defining the concept of "rural areas". Research methods. It has been used general and unique methods, including theoretical generalization and dialectical methods of cognition of processes and phenomena (specifying the categorical-conceptual apparatus), monographic (analysis of the evolution of scientific achievements to define and interpret the category of "rural areas"), abstract-logical formulation of conclusions), comparative analysis (identified basic approaches to the interpretation of economic concepts from the administrative, resource, systemic, territorial point of view), empirical (for a comprehensive assessment of definitions). Research results. The relevance of theoretical research of rural areas is substantiated. The approaches of different authors to the interpretation of the economic category "rural areas", transformations in economic research, identification of patterns and socio-economic nature of the origin of approaches to their performance, and summarize the research results to determine this definition. Based on the analysis, several scientific and methodological approaches are singled out, particularly territorial, spatial, structural, systemic and multicriteria. Based on these definitions, we formulated the author's definition. Scientific novelty. Theoretical provisions on the definition of "rural area" have been further developed. The author's view of the essence of this concept is formulated, and its components are singled out, according to which their spatial and economic definition can be given. Practical significance. Proposals have been made to interpret the category "rural area". The results of the study can be taken into account in determining the priority areas and prospects for the development of individual regions and will contribute to the development of new effective strategies and programs to ensure the economic potential of the rural regions to develop their infrastructure and create appropriate conditions for rural self-realization.