bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the efficacy of two phenotypic identification kits and classic PCR methods to identify Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from fish farms
Authors: Balcı Şerafettin , İpek Zeynep Zehra , Er Akif , Kayış Şevki
Published: April 2023

In recent years, phenotypic identification kits have been reported to give incorrect results in identifying Aeromonas species, whereas molecular identification is quite reliable. In this context, Aeromonas hydrophila strains, isolated from fish farms (9 strains), identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and ATCC strain bacteria were used in the present study for the determination of the usability of API 20NE and Microgen GN-ID A + B panel test kits. All strains were determined as A. hydrophila in molecular methods. After phenotypic identification, a 100% accuracy rate was obtained for A. hydrophila with API 20NE. In the Microgen GN-ID A + B, these rates were 60% for the strains used in this study. Phenotypic identification for the ATCC strain in both kits was correct. This study showed that the API 20NE test kit had high validation for the rapid and correct identification of fish pathogenic A. hydrophila.
Effects of environmental deterioration on Northeast Anatolia Trout (Salmo spp.) Populations
Authors: Zengin Mustafa , Çakmak Eyüp , Özel Osman Tolga
Published: April 2023

In this study, the possible effects of overfishing pressure on local Salmonid populations and the critical environmental changes that have occurred in the wild habitats that have been deteriorating since the beginning of the 21st century were investigated in Northeast Anatolia. In the research, methods including quantitative and qualitative impact assessments were used to determine environmental changes and anthropogenic effects. In addition to numerical data, observations of the stream and its surroundings were recorded. As a result, it has been determined that the natural trout populations, distributed in the limited habitats in the middle and upper parts of the studied rivers, have decreased considerably, especially since the number of individuals who have reached breeding age has reduced to a high level. It has been determined that the habitats in localities where the research was conducted have been under great pressure, since the end of the 20th century, due to infrastructure works, urbanization, and illegal fishing. It has been determined that the local trout populations, distributed in the limited habitats in the middle and upper basins of the studied rivers, are quite damaged. The number of individuals that have reached the breeding age has decreased significantly.
KONTEKSTUALISASI TEORI KEADILAN JOHN RAWLS PADA KONSTELASI KEMASYARAKATAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wahyudhi Syukron , Achsan Baihaqi Faza
Published: April 2023

Next year Indonesia held a political election. Political actors may express their aspirations and hope within the public sphere. As consequence, political contestation increases dramatically. While the expression is abundant, it can be called the democratic feast. But previous democratic feasts taught us that the process of electoral politics seems so far from its idealized norms. For example, the relationship between minority and majority has worsened because of identity politics. Why this is happening? This article wants to address that problem from Rawlsian point of view. Equipped with a theory of justice, we would reflect the condition of Indonesia’s political world. To consider the effect of strong religious attainment and religious plurality, our analysis will be complemented with a doctrinal perspective, especially from Quran and Bible. We found that, within modern-state politics, majoritarian power is allowed because it is the best way to ensure regulation bills pass smoothly. It is consistent with Rawls’ argument that majoritarian power flourishes within rational calculation about the goals of principles of justice. It is not quite different from doctrinal perspectives which insist on citizen participation as an essential part of national building.
Design and Build a Web-Based Village Information System for Acceleration of Village Services in Gampong Jantho Makmur
Authors: Ichsan  , Feri Susilawati  , Muhammad Haykal
Published: April 2023

Today, information systems are very important in village governance. Jantho Makmur is one of the villages which currently still uses the conventional system in various ways, this method is not very effective considering that the times are developing and technology is getting more advanced. To provide efficient services to the public, we need an information system that can replace the conventional system. Based on this, a web-based village information system was developed. In its creation, this system uses the PHP programming language with Laravel as the Framework and MySQL as database management. This village information system provides an online feature for making certificates and public complaints. Submissions of letters and complaints that have been validated will be sent to the WhatsApp community in PDF format using the WhatsApp API Gateway. This application also implements Ajax and Datatables technology so it is very light and efficient to use. Besides that, this application also has features for filing incoming and outgoing letters, managing population data, writing articles and photo documentation of community activities.
Pengaruh Intellectual Capital, Kebijakan Dividen, dan Pertumbuhan Aset terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan dengan Komite Audit sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Pattiselanno Vanezha Wilhelmina , Widiyati Dian
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the influence of intellectual capital, dividend policy, and asset growth on company performance with the audit committee as a coding variable in Primary Consumer companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2021. The population in this study was 66 companies. The sampling method in this study used the purposive sampling method, so that a research sample of 18 Primary Consumer companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2021 was obtained. The data source used in this study is secondary data. Data analysis was performed using Eviews 10. Partial intellectual capital and dividend policy have no effect on the company's performance, Asset growth affects company performance, the audit committee as a moderation variable can moderate the effect of asset growth relationships on company performance, but cannot moderate intellectual capital relationships on company performance, as well as dividend policy on company performance.
The Effect of Internal Control Systems and Accounting Information Systems on the Quality of Financial Statements PT. Gudang Garam, Tbk and PT. Wilmar Group
Authors: Faisal Yusuf , Yulivianti Annisa Rahayu , Rindiani Suci Dwi
Published: April 2023

This research aims to explain how the influence of Internal Control Systems and Accounting Information Systems on the Quality of Financial Statements. Quantitative method used in this research. The population in this study is PT Gudang Garam Tbk and PT Wilmar Group. The sampling technique using a purposive sampling technique was taken based on the criteria for obtaining it, meaning that the information obtained was based on predetermined criteria, namely the finance and accounting departments. The sample of this research is 37 respondents. Methods of data collection using the survey method, namely the authors disseminate directly to the respondents. Data analysis techniques in this study used descriptive statistical tests, data quality tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression tests, and hypothesis testing. this study found that there is a positive insignificant effect between the Internal Control System on the Quality of Financial Statements There is a significant positive impact between accounting information systems and the quality of financial statements.
Залежність тяжкості депресії у хворих з печінковою енцефалопатією від рівня цитокінів
Authors: Manzhaliy E. G. , Virchenko O. V. , Nykula T. D. , Bondur V. V. , Moyseyenko V. O. , Kondaurova A. Yu.
Published: April 2023

Печінкова енцефалопатія (ПЕ) – неврологічне порушення, що розвивається на фоні ураження печінки, зумовленого переважно алкогольною інтоксикацією та/або інфікуванням вірусом гепатиту. Запальні процеси в печінці супроводжуються значним збільшенням вмісту прозапальних цитокінів у крові. Останні дослідження свідчать, що вони є не лише окремою ланкою патогенезу ЦП, але й етіологічним чинником печінкової енцефалопатії. Метою дослідження було встановити зв'язок між цитокіновим профілем та розвитком печінкової енцефалопатії залежно від етіології, а також залежність між зміною рівня цитокінів та тяжкістю депресії у хворих. Дослідження проведено у 20 хворих з підтвердженою ПЕ нейропсихологічно, зокрема за шкалою депресії Бека. Концентрацію інтерлейкіну (ІЛ)-1β, 4, 6 та інтерферону (ІНФ)-γ визначали за допомогою комерційних наборів «Вектор Бест» (Новосибірськ, Росія). У хворих з ПЕ було встановлено збільшення концентрації ІЛ-1β, 4, 6 та ІНФ-γ в 4,4 (P < 0,05), у 1,8 (P < 0,05), в 3,2 (P < 0,05) та в 1,8 (P < 0,05) раза відповідно порівняно з обстеженими контрольної групи. У хворих з високим ступенем тяжкості депресії також була більша концентрація прозапальних цитокінів. Найбільш виражені порушення виявлено у хворих з IV ступенем тяжкості депресії за шкалою Бека. Отримані результати підтверджують та доповнюють уявлення про роль цитокінів в етіології та патогенезі ПЕ і свідчать про посилення депресії у разі інтенсифікації запальних процесів.
Вплив комплексу лікувально-оздоровчих заходів на динаміку функціонального стану серцевосудинної системи школярів, народжених передчасно
Authors: Popov S. V. , Bokova S. I. , Smiyan O. I. , Demikhova N. V.
Published: April 2023

Проведено аналіз ефективності комплексу лікувально-оздоровчих заходів з метою покращання функціонального стану серцево-судинної системи у школярів, народжених недоношеними. Обстежено 21 дитину віком від 10 до 12 років, народжену в термін гестації 34–36 тиж і проліковану запропонованим комплексом. Встановлено підвищення рівня показників систолічної функції міокарда лівого шлуночка та діастолічної функції міокарда обох шлуночків.
Клинический полиморфизм первичной олигоменореи у девочек-подростков
Authors: Udovikova N. A. , Bulich I. N.
Published: April 2023

Для выявления клинических особенностей первичной олигоменореи (І ОМ) у 137 девочек в возрасте 13–17 лет проанализированы показатели индекса массы тела, степени развития вторичных половых признаков, характер течения раннего пубертатного периода, степень выраженности гирсутизма, возраст появления менархе, данные ультразвукового исследования органов малого таза, результаты рентгенографии кисти и лучезапястных суставов для определения «костного возраста», частота и характер сопутствующей экстрагенитальной патологии. Группу сравнения составили 102 девочки такого же возраста с регулярным менструальным циклом. Установлено, что І ОМ характеризуется клиническим полиморфизмом. У девочек с І ОМ наблюдается высокая распространённость экстрагенитальной патологии (89,9 %), в связи с чем все подростки нуждаются в консультации смежных специалистов. Позднее менархе, инвертированный пубертат, гирсутизм ІІ–ІІІ степени, ожирение могут рассматриваться как факторы риска появления стойкой ОМ уже в первый год после менархе.
Цитопатичний вплив парвовірусної інфекції на плаценту
Authors: Bondarenko N. P , Stechenko L. O. , Lakatosh V. P. , Lakotosh P. V.
Published: April 2023

Сприйнятливість плацентарних клітин – цито- та синцитіотрофобласта – до парвовірусу В19 та його вплив на клітини-мішені обумовлює природу патогенетичних порушень, зокрема викидня, та загибель плода в терміни до 20 тиж гестації. За допомогою електронної мікроскопії було виявлено невелику кількість вірусних часточок як в ядрі, так і в цитоплазмі клітин плаценти вагітних з парвовірусною інфекцією Встановлено, що в клітинах цитотрофобласта, синцитіотрофобласта, ендотеліоцитах і клітинах крові проявляється цитопатичний ефект, зумовлений дією парвовірусу. Стан клітин при інфікуванні парвовірусом характерний для першого етапу аутофагії – одного из видів загибелі інфікованих клітин. Частки парвовірусу В19 візуалізували в 100 % випадків самовільного переривання вагітності з набряковим синдромом у плода та набряком плаценти в терміни 14–20 тиж, тоді як гостра парвовірусна інфекція у матері (за виявленням IgM до парвовірусу В19) була діагностована за імуноферментним аналізом лише у 62,5 % пацієнток. Виявлення часток парвовірусу В19 у плацентарній тканині плода з набряковим синдромом неімунного походження є допоміжним методом у діагностиці вертикальної передачі парвовірусу В19 під час вагітності.
Придатність до військової служби, якість життя і поліморбідність у чоловіків мобілізаційного віку з артеріальною гіпертензією та ішемічною хворобою серця
Authors: Buzhenko A. I.
Published: April 2023

Менше половини чоловіків мобілізаційного віку придатні до військової служби. У пацієнтів випадкової вибірки мобілізаційного віку найчастіше діагностують поліморбідну патологію у вигляді поєднання ішемічної хвороби серця (ІХС), артеріальної гіпертензії (АГ) і цукрового діабету (ЦД) типу 2, рідше – коморбідну патологію у поєднання ІХС, АГ. У пацієнтів мобілізаційного віку із серцево-судинними захворюваннями і ЦД типу 2 порівняно з пацієнтами із серцево-судинними захворюваннями без ЦД нижчі показники якості життя за шкалами оцінки проведеного лікування і сприйняття хвороби.
Стан та відновлення системи охорони здоров’я в областях Північного Лівобережжя України в перші післяокупаційні роки
Authors: Havrilov V. M.
Published: April 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню стану системи охорони здоров’я на прикладі областей Північного Лівобережжя України після звільнення від фашистської окупації. Проведено аналіз захворюваності жителів регіону, визначено фактори, які на неї впливали, а також заходи влади з відновлення галузі у кадровому і матеріальному сегментах та прослідковано динаміку змін системи у перші повоєнні роки.
The absolute mass of the internal organs of the Landras pigs grown in Western Siberia
Authors: Zaiko O. A. , Biryulya I. K. , Konovalova T. V. , Gluschenko E. E. , Korotkevich O. S. , Zheltikov A. I.
Published: April 2023

Several factors determine the development of internal organs. They characterise the intensity of animals’ growth, physique, constitutional strength, resistance to diseases of various genesis and, in general, the adaptive ability of animals. The authors assessed the absolute mass of such parenchymal abdominal organs as the liver, kidneys, and spleen of Landrace pigs. A group of representatively selected pigs, taking into account their origin, sex, age, and live weight, was formed at the early stages of the technological cycle. The total number of animal units was 12. The fattening of the animals took place on a large pig farm in the Altai Territory. The conditions of keeping the animals corresponded to the regular feeding for meat fattening. In addition, a preventive plan for vaccinated animals and systematic veterinary control was provided. Based on the current technical instructions and other regulatory documents, Slaughter was carried out at the end of the technological cycle when the live weight reached 100 kg. The absolute mass of organs without surrounding structures was determined by weighing on a balance with a high accuracy class. The obtained data were evaluated using Microsoft Office Excel and the R programming language in the data analysis environment RStudio version 2022.07.2+576 (RStudio, PBC). The visual assessment showed the absence of pathological and anatomical changes in organs. Based on the ShapiroWilk test, a normal distribution was established in all cases. For the liver, the W-criterion is 0.93, the kidneys - 0.90 and the spleen - 0.98; the significance level is more significant than 0.05. In pigs, the median absolute weight of the liver was 1542.0 g; for the kidneys - 303.0, and the spleen - 164.0 g; The 95% confidence interval for kidneys is 133.0–195.0 g; for the spleen - 120.0–197.0; for the liver - 1310.0–1792.0 g. The article presents the indicators of the variability of the trait under consideration. The authors established interbreed differentiation of pigs by the mass of parenchymal organs.
Influence of Biosteel on the reproductive ability of American Mink, the Standard dark brown genotype with different defensive response to humans
Authors: Sysoeva E. A. , Rasputina O. V. , Trapezov O. V.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of different doses of Biosteel, when administered orally, on the reproductive ability of American mink females of the Standard dark brown (+/+) genotype with a positive and negative defensive reaction to humans. The studies were carried out at the Department of Obstetrics, Anatomy and Histology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University and based on the Mustelidae Genetics Sector of the Center for Collective Use “Gene Pools of Fur and Agricultural Animals” of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In the technology of reproduction of animals of the experimental and control groups, the system of conducting the rut, generally accepted on fur farms, was used. Biosteel was applied to females and males of Standard dark brown (+/+) American mink of manual and aggressive types of behaviour at a dose of 0.05 ml/kg and 0.025 ml/kg of body weight before mating for five days and during mating for five days. The effectiveness of using Biosteel to improve the reproductive function of females depended on its dose and the type of animal behaviour. Compared with the minks of the control groups, the females of the experimental groups showed higher rates of reproductive ability. In the group of tame females that received the drug with food at a dose of 0.05 ml/kg of body weight, there were no dead females, the survival of puppies in the first seven days of life increased by 3.8 times, and there was a tendency to reduce stillbirths. Biosteel had a pronounced beneficial effect on the reproduction of females with an aggressive type of behaviour at a dose of 0.025 ml/kg of body weight: the integral reproduction index increased by 1.13 heads. And the number of females that successfully whelped by 17%, the number of females without offspring decreased by 5.9 times, and the mortality of minnows in the first seven days of life declined by 3.9%. The absolute body weight of the offspring of females by the time of jigging increased by 19.2 – 24.5%, and by 6 – 7 months of age – by 4 – 11%.
Cytological structure of a vaginal stroke in American mink during estrus
Authors: Sysoeva E. A. , Rasputina O. V. , Trapezov O. V.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the data of domestic and foreign authors on the features of the oestrous process of American minks. The results of studies of the cytological structure of the vaginal smear in American minks during estrus are presented. The study was conducted on clinically healthy American mink females of the Standard dark brown (+/+) genotype in 92 animals before the technological rut (February 20-28). A vaginal smear was taken at different periods of changes in the external genital organs - the genital loop, taking into account the scoring of its development (from 0 to 5 points). Microscopic examination of smears taken during this period showed a predominance of superficial, intermediate, and parabasal cells and a small number of basal and spindle cells. The analysis of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio made it possible to indicate the specificity of the morphometric parameters of the cells of the vaginal integumentary epithelium. Surface epitheliocytes and intermediate cells have a sizeable cytoplasmic area and a low nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of 0.034. Parabasal cells have the minimum size of the nucleus and cytoplasm but a high value of the nuclear-cytoplasmic percentage, seven times higher than that of superficial cells and three times intermediate. Quantitative proportions of epithelial cells of the vaginal smear cytogram from February 20 to 28 correspond to the proestrus-estrus stage. The data obtained indicate significant features of the morphological changes in the integumentary epithelium of the vagina and the difference in the cytological dynamics of the oestrous cycle in American minks from other mammals. The cytogram of the vaginal smear of minks with a 4-5 point assessment of the readiness of females for mating does not contain the predominant number of keratinized epithelial cells, which is characteristic of most mammals during the period of ovulation. An important morphological criterion in the analysis of the vaginal smear cytogram in minks is the value of the ratio of superficial and parabasal cells and scales and parabasal cells.
The use of a Habrobracon blunted to protect bee honeycomb
Authors: Chuchunov B. A. , Radzievsky E. B. , Konopley T. V. , Samoylova T. S. , Perepelitsa M. A.
Published: April 2023

The research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using the entomophagous of the Habrobracon in honeycombs as a means of biological protection of the land from wax moths. We have conducted studies on the possibility of using organic beekeeping to protect honeycombs from wax moths through Habrobracon. Since the timing of seasonal colonization of wax moths in biological protection is paramount, to get the maximum benefit from using entomophagous, we conducted a two-factor experiment, taking into account the diversity of treatments and the amount of entomophagous used. The group produced entomophagous; 60-70% accounted for females and 30-40% for males. During our research, we formed eleven groups of 19 frames with dry. The authors placed a structure of freshly woven honeycombs with honey residues in the middle of the hive to provide nutrition for imago-entomophagous. The formed groups were identified in 20 frame hives that filled the land. As a result of the peculiarities of the entomophagous to penetrate various holes and cracks, the hives were located apart from each other at a distance allowing to prevent the entomophagous from entering from another pack. No protective treatments were carried out in the control group, and when setting a negative experience along with the dry, frames were placed in the hive, already affected by larvae and wax moth pupae. During the season, the authors visually noted the degree of damage to combs by wax moths. The effectiveness of using Habrobracon as a biological protection of combs was determined by the number of natural frames that flew out, parasitic caterpillars and adults of the wax moth. Assessing the degree of damage to honeycombs by wax moth, it was noted that in variants where the placement of entomophagous was seven pieces or more per m2 with the subsequent settlement of their population according to the research scheme, there were practically no cell lesions. However, it should be noted in some hives, the presence of wax moth larvae is affected by entomophagous. The pest affected the entire land by July-August simultaneously in both the control and group where the negative experience was laid. Our studies convincingly prove the practicality of using the bee’s cells to combat the larva of the wax moth. The entomophagous of the Habrobracon blunted in the amount of 7 pcs/m2 , with the population settling during the season by a 4-fold release of the entomophagous.
Inbreeding and reproductive signs in mini-pigs ICG SB RAS
Authors: Shatokhin K. S. , Nikitin S. V. , Kochnev N. N. , Zaporozhets B. I. , Sedovich M. E. , Korshunova E. V. , Ermolaev B. I.
Published: April 2023

There is practically no statistical analysis of the influence of the degree of inbreeding on the reproductive qualities of laboratory mini-pigs in the literature. The present work is aimed at determining the impact of the inbreeding factor on the development of such signs of reproduction as live weight at birth, multiple births and the safety of piglets during the suckling period. Laboratory mini-pigs bred at the Institute of Cytology, and Genetics SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia) were selected as the research object. The following signs were directly evaluated: the mass of an individual at birth (significant fertility); intra-nest minimum and maximum by live weight at birth; the intra-nest standard deviation of live weight at birth; the number of live piglets in the nest at birth (multiple births); safety from birth to 30 days; safety from the 6th to the 30th day of life. The results showed that the relationship between Shapiro and the inbreeding coefficient by Wright did not significantly affect the studied traits. The use of a linear regression model in the analysis indicates the existence of an inverse dependence of the intra-nest standard deviation of the live weight of a newborn piglet on the Wright inbreeding coefficient. An assumption was made explaining the almost complete absence of the influence of the inbreeding coefficient on the development of the average values of reproductive traits. This was because of the breeding system, in which close inbreeding was used with “looping” on the best animals. The primary vector of selection is aimed at the viability and development of a harmonious exterior of animals. Thus, systematic closely related crosses with the primary vector contributed to the purification of the herd from harmful recessive mutations, which are considered the leading cause of the negative consequences of inbreeding
The effect of mineral fertilisers and herbicides on the seed productivity of perennial grasses in Yenisei Siberia
Authors: Trubnikov Yu. N. , Bopp V. L.
Published: April 2023

On the dark grey forest soils of the taiga zone of the Yenisei Siberia, the structure of the weed component of agrophytocenoses of perennial grasses is dominated by perennial segetal and segetal-ruderal weed species, the proportion of which is 60-70%. Using Magnum herbicides in timothy grass Kazachinskaya 2 and Lontrel-300 in the crops of meadow fescue grass Kazachinskaya 182 allowed for reducing the contamination of fields with perennial weeds from medium to weak. Herbicides reduce 94% the weight of weeds from 1 ha while increasing the biomass of timothy grass by 30%. Against the background of fertilizers, the weight of weeds decreased by 85.3%, and the importance of timothy grass increased by 118%. Mineral fertilizers increase the yield of timothy seeds for three years of use from 3.64 c / ha to 5.31-8.62 c / ha and oatmeal seeds - from 3.22 c/ ha to 4.97-6.91 c /ha. The complete collection of grass seeds was obtained on variants N60P60K60 with the leading share of the influence of nitrogen fertilizers, the introduction of which increased the yield of timothy seeds by 125% and fescue by 87%. The introduction of potash fertilizers caused an increase in the output of timothy grass of the 2 and 3 g. p. by 160 and 190%, respectively, and fescue of the 2 g. p. by 160%. The sowing qualities of seeds characterized by germination energy, germination and weight of 1000 seeds of timothy increased under the influence of phosphorus and potash fertilizers.
Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infections: CLABSI Care Bundle Approach of Prevention
Authors: Veer Nilesh , Sharma Jyoti
Published: April 2023

Infections of the bloodstream that is caused by vascular catheters can be divided into two primary groups both bloodstream infections that can be traced back to catheters and those that can be traced back to central lines. There are clear differences between the two, despite the fact that they are interchangeable. Infections that cannot be traced to an infection unrelated to a catheter but still arise when a central venous catheter is present or within 48 h after the catheter has been withdrawn are referred to as having a “central line-associated bloodstream infection” (CLABSI). A “bundle” of catheter care refers to the provision of care utilizing a consistent combination of actions to reduce the risk of bloodstream infections associated with central lines CLABSIs. Hand hygiene, the use of maximum sterile barriers during line insertion, the washing of the insertion site with chlorhexidine, avoiding the use of the femoral and jugular sites for line insertion, and the timely removal of superfluous catheters are all components of this combination. The implementation of an evidence-based CLABSI prevention bundle and process monitoring by direct observation led to a considerable improvement in reducing the CLABSI rate in adult intensive care unit patients, which was then maintained over time.
ANUSH-TEGIN AS THE EPONYM OF THE KHOREZM DYNASTY IN MUSLIM SOURCES
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Timokhin Dmitry M.
Published: April 2023

In this article, the author analyzes the formation in Muslim literature of the twelfth — thirteenth centuries of the eponym of the dynasty of Khorezm rulers, whose power in this region begins in 1097 and ends in the era of the Mongol invasion. We are discussing the Anushteginid dynasty and the father of the first Khorezmshah, Qutb ad-Din Muhammad, after whom this dynasty was named by researchers. According to medieval Muslim historians, Anush-tegin or Nush-tegin Garcha/Garja himself never ruled Khorezm, but his descendants not only managed to gain a foothold in these lands, but also created one of the most powerful Muslim states of the Middle East, which was destroyed only by the Mongol conquerors. Despite the close attention to the power of the Khorezmshahs in the research environment, which has been reflected in numerous special works, to this day we do not see in Russian and foreign literature a single study devoted to the ancestor of the Anushteginid dynasty, or rather, the analysis of the description of his biography in Muslim sources. Researchers, relying mainly on reports on this subject by the historian of the first half of the thirteenth century, Ibn al-Asir, broadcast his story about Anush-tegin, often not taking into account the nature and volume of information about this eponym as part of earlier sources. We will also attempt to understand what Muslim authors of the twelfth century write about Anush-tegin, how fully his biography is reflected in these texts in comparison with ‘al-Kamil fi-t-Tarikh’ by Ibn al-Asir, and what is the specificity of their description of the biography of the ancestor of the Khorezm rulers. In addition, we will try to consider what pre-Mongol texts Ibn al-Asir and subsequent historians could rely on in their reconstructions of the history of Anush-tegin’s life and work, as well as what contradictions in this case could arise between individual authors. We hope that this work will be useful to specialists in the history of the Middle East in the pre–Mongol period, as well as to researchers of Muslim historical literature of the twelfth-thirteenth centuries.
DIGITAL (VIRTUAL) CURRENCY AS AN OBJECT OF CIVIL RIGHTS IN UKRAINE AND EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: LESHCHENKO Dmytro
Published: April 2023

The article examines the legal status and features of digital currency as an object of civil rights in Ukraine and the EU. The legal nature of digital currency as a whole and its variety - cryptocurrency (virtual currency), which does not have a clearly defined legal nature and is recognized either as a means of payment or as a commodity in European countries – has been studied. Digital (electronic) currency is electronic money that is used as an alternative or additional currency. Most often, their value is tied to national currencies. Such digital currencies as Estcoin, eKrona, e-hryvnia were analyzed. It was determined that virtual currency, as a special type of digital currency, does not have the status of legal tender in the vast majority of jurisdictions of European countries. The normative definitions of digital currencies in Ukraine and the EU were studied, as well as the jurisdictions in which virtual currencies were given official status as a means of payment were analyzed. Focused attention on the prospective legislation of Ukraine, dedicated to virtual assets and virtual currency. Features of digital currency as an object of civil rights and peculiarities of its legal status are formulated.
LEGAL REGULATION OF PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD
Authors: RYBALCHENKO Liudmyla , KOSYCHENKO Oleksandr , KLINYTSKYI Illia
Published: April 2023

According to the legislation, personal data is information or a set of information about a natural person who is identified or can be specifically identified. Technological progress creates an ever-widening range of needs and opportunities for society, from business to politics. In recent years, the collection and processing of personal data has been increasingly used in all spheres of human life. The rapid development of information technologies requires the use of personal data not only for work, but also for everyday life, private life, medicine, etc. There are questions about the violation of human rights. Therefore, the creation of reliable protection of personal data against illegal use is relevant for society. Creating an appropriate level of personal data protection system is one of the important tasks of Ukraine in the international space. Improving the existing system of personal data protection is a priority direction for the construction of state and legal regulation of the protection of the rights and freedoms of society, as well as integration into international and European standards. Confidentiality of personal data is protected by the Constitution of Ukraine. According to the legislation of Ukraine, enterprises, institutions, private companies, banks and others have the right to process personal data of consumers, at the same time they are obliged to protect this data and are responsible for violations of their confidentiality. One of the ways to prevent violations of human rights to the protection of personal data is to increase the level of awareness of the legal principles of processing and protection of personal data. The introduction of the best tools and European standards for the protection of personal data into domestic legislation, strengthening of responsibility for its violations and monitoring in the field of personal data protection will provide an opportunity to increase and strengthen the protection of citizens’ rights to non-interference in their personal lives.
CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY IN THE MEDICAL FIELD: INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL CONTEXT
Authors: RYABCHYNSKA Olena , STOMATOV Eduard
Published: April 2023

The article analyzed the fundamental provisions of legal regulation of the information content about a person’s health status and its correlation with such concepts used both in international documents and national legislation as private and family life, confidential information, medical information, medical secrecy, and medical privacy, taking into account international legal standards in this field as well as academic research in the theory of law and branch disciplines, in particular constitutional, criminal, administrative, and civil law, legislation in the field of information, health care, and ECHR practices, etc. The following are the promising areas of research in the field of criminal law protection of a person’s privacy in the medical field: analysis of the correlation between the right of a person to private and family life as an object of criminal law protection and the object of criminal offenses under Art. 132 and Art. 145 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; clarification of the content of the "medical privacy", "medical secrecy", and "confidential information about the health status" concepts in order to eliminate the existing unclearly defined, conflicting provisions, and gaps in the regulatory framework in the part of informational and legal relations that negatively affect the ensuring of constitutional rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen; identification of persons who may have access to such confidential information in order to clarify the circle of persons who may be recognized as subjects of a criminal offense under Art. 145 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; improvement of the legal regulation of the procedure for collection, storage, use and circulation of information, in particular, on the mental state of a person, their compulsory examination and treatment, use of confidential data in the field of psychiatry, to which the Constitutional Court of Ukraine drew attention when interpreting Articles 3, 23, 31, 47, 48 of the Law of Ukraine "On Information", etc.
CRIMINAL OFFENCES COMMITTED IN IMPRISONMENTS OF THE STATE CRIMINAL EXECUTIVE SERVICE OF UKRAINE
Authors: KOLODCHYN Dmytro
Published: April 2023

The article provides a thorough analysis of the types of criminal offenses committed by convicts in places of detention of the State Criminal Enforcement Service of Ukraine (SCSU). It has been proven that the commission of a criminal offense of free will by convicts in places of deprivation of liberty is not only a dangerous encroachment on the goal and task of justice and the normal operation of the penal institutions of the State Security Service of Ukraine, but also prevents the achievement of the goal of punishment and, above all, its counteraction and prevention. Among the most important theoretical and practical issues that have influenced judicial and executive practice and that currently require elaboration and research, the author includes such high-profile criminal offenses as: malicious disobedience to the requirements of the administration of the penal institution; actions that disorganize the work of penal institutions; escape from the place of deprivation of liberty or from custody. The greatest danger in the correctional colonies of Ukraine is criminal offenses combined with an attack by convicts on the guards in order to remove obstacles to the implementation of the plan and to take possession of weapons, which they use for armed resistance during their subsequent detention, as well as to commit new crimes. The author’s definition of a criminal offense in places of deprivation of liberty of the State Security Service of Ukraine is formulated. This is a socially dangerous act (action or inaction), committed by a special subject, in places of deprivation of liberty of the State Security Service of Ukraine and which encroaches on the goal and task of justice and the normal operation of institutions for the execution of punishments, as well as prevents the achievement of the goal of punishment, correction and resocialization of convicts.
CURRENT EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD OF PROTECTION AGAINST FAMILY VIOLENCE AND PECULIARITIES OF PREVENTION
Authors: TSURKALENKO Dmytro
Published: April 2023

The article provides an author’s definition of the term "domestic violence prevention" by analyzing scientific publications and current legislation. Namely, the actions of state and public institutions aimed at preventing domestic violence and at increasing the level of public awareness of the forms, causes, and consequences of domestic violence, the formation of an intolerant attitude towards violent behavior in private relationships, an indifferent attitude towards the victims, first of all towards the victim’s children, eradicating discriminatory ideas about the social roles and responsibilities of women and men, as well as any customs and traditions based on them. In this article, the authors investigate the normative regulation of domestic violence prevention in Ukraine. Attention is drawn to the fact that today the legislator has carefully prescribed all the necessary tools for combating domestic violence in the law and by-laws. At the same time, today, according to the authors, the issue of preventive activities in the researched problems comes to the fore. Research subjects in the field of combating domestic violence, it is emphasized that the designated state-authorized subjects of prevention of administrative offenses implement preventive activities in the specified field using such methods as coercion, encouragement, and persuasion. It was emphasized that the issue of prevention of domestic violence is timely, because despite having all possible tools for preventing and countering this extremely negative phenomenon, there is still an opinion among the population that domestic violence is the norm, and victims of domestic violence usually seek help ashamed and embarrassed. It was concluded that the next step of the state in the direction of combating and preventing domestic violence should be the creation of a normatively established complex of preventive measures in the specified area. With the help of which, consistently, by the forces of state and public institutions, the problem of domestic violence in Ukraine will become less global and more widespread.
COORDINATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF BODIES AND UNITS OF THE NATIONAL POLICE OF UKRAINE DURING DISCLOSURE AND INVESTIGATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES
Authors: CHAPLYNSKYY Kostyantyn
Published: April 2023

Coordination of the activities of bodies and units of the National Police of Ukraine during disclosure and investigation of criminal offenses. The scientific article is devoted to the coverage of problematic issues of interaction between bodies and units of the National Police during the disclosure and investigation of criminal offenses. Attention is paid to the creation of a modern effective system of forensic support of interaction between police units. Such a system requires mandatory summarization of law enforcement practice materials and analysis of scientific developments to formulate the most effective ways and methods of its application. Attention is focused on defining the concept and essence of interaction. Timely and high-quality interaction of the bodies and units of the National Police ensures timely disclosure and quick investigation of criminal offenses. Systematic and coordinated activity of employees of various departments allows to carry out individual investigative (search) actions quickly and rationally, to obtain the necessary amount of evidentiary information. The activity of uncovering and investigating criminal offenses requires law enforcement officers to plan their actions quite clearly, especially at the initial stage of their investigation. Considering this, the development of practical recommendations for the interaction of the bodies and units of the National Police is one of the important directions for achieving the goal of criminal proceedings. The main forms of interaction in criminal proceedings are disclosed. The main organizational and procedural forms of interaction between the investigator and operative units during the investigation of criminal offenses are defined. Procedural forms of interaction include: a) execution by the operational unit of the investigator’s instructions regarding the verification by operational-investigative means of information that is important for establishing the presence or absence of grounds for entering information into the ERDR based on operational materials; b) execution of the instructions of the investigator on conducting investigative (search) actions and covert investigative (search) actions. Among the organizational forms of cooperation in the investigation of criminal offenses, the following are distinguished: a) joint activity as part of investigative and operational groups; b) mutual exchange of operational information between the investigator and employees of operational units; c) joint planning of the initial stage of the investigation and priority procedural actions; d) use of forensic and operational-technical means, etc.
СERTAIN ISSUES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF UNDERGROUND INVESTIGATORS (DEVICE) ACTIONS IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES
Authors: PRYLOVSKYI Volodymyr
Published: April 2023

The scientific article examines some aspects of the organization of undercover investigative (search) actions (hereinafter – NSRD) in the investigation of criminal offenses. The existing problematic issues of today regarding the organization of NSRD and the possibilities of simplification and optimization for perfect investigation of criminal offenses (crimes), especially at the present time, are considered. The views of scientists regarding the specified aspect of illegal (criminal) activity in general, as well as in the conditions of modern realities in Ukraine, are considered. The author indicated the necessity and indisputability of a certain procedural sequence in the organization of the NSRD without excluding the methodology of investigation of criminal offenses. After all, both the understanding and definition of the essence and content of both the specified and any other scientific category determine its further research and its individual components. That is, the determination of the essence of the organization of the NSRD in the investigation of criminal offenses is one way or another important for the structuring and optimization of the specified process. At the same time, an important element of the defined category is the concept of organization (that is, the organization of activities), which is the basis of any process in the investigation of criminal offenses, detection, fixation, extraction and examination of factual (evidential) material. This component exists in the structure of the methodology and tactics of the investigation, and it took the appropriate place in its structure. Therefore, its research in the context of a general scientific category is important for improving effective methods of investigating criminal offenses (crimes). On the basis of the study of scientific opinions and conclusions of scientists, the practice of operational units of the National Police of Ukraine, the main issues, if not inhibitions, then slippage of the process of high-quality operational organization of the NSRD, have been determined.
FEATURES OF THE CONDUCT SEARCH UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE STATE OF WAR
Authors: SOLDATENKO Olena , KІIYANYTSІA Volodymyr
Published: April 2023

The armed aggression of the russian federation radically changed the life of every Ukrainian, and at the same time led to a number of challenges during the implementation of criminal proceedings on the territory of Ukraine. Therefore, with the aim of bringing criminal procedural activities closer to wartime realities, the Ukrainian Parliament adopted a number of laws aimed at regulating issues of criminal proceedings under the conditions of the state of war, in particular, regarding the specifics of carrying out certain procedural actions based on the decision of the investigating judge. To what extent are such changes justified, does the scope of rights of people who can potentially become objects of criminal prosecution narrow, how should law enforcement agencies influence the observance of human rights in war conditions, how should the investigator work as a whole, so that the balance of interests is preserved – this is just a small list of questions that arise in today’s conditions. The article provides a systematic analysis of the norms regulating the procedural order of conducting a search under the conditions of state of war. The work analyzes the legislation of Ukraine, the practice of applying domestic legislation, the scientific positions of domestic procedural scientists regarding guarantees of protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of participants in criminal proceedings during a search. Scientific and practical recommendations have been developed regarding the legal application of provisions regulating the procedural order of conducting a search under the conditions of state of war, which raise questions for practical workers.