bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internet som tekstsamling og resourcebank i sprogundervisning
Authors: Møller Bernt
Published: March 2017

The World Wide Web contains huge amounts of documents in several languages. Also, internet offers numerous resources which may help in finding and understanding web documents. This article firstly aims at passing on facts and considerations from the author’s teaching experience within a thematic process framework of Information Management. Here, information searching, evaluation, registration and presentation are guide-lines. In information searching, the points touched upon include search engine strate-gies, such as qualified URL guessing and language checking. Information evaluation mentions a few basic techniques while information registration and presentation point to the utility of co-integrating multimedia links in the software applications. Secondly, the article in a smaller section suggests a typology for internet language resources and comments on a number of useful language web sites. Finally, selected perspectives and challenges are outlined.
Netværksbaseret læring
Authors: Pilegaard Morten
Published: March 2017

This paper discusses pedagogical and technological aspects of networked learning and the interplay between pedagogical principles, information technology and the educa-tional and organisational frameworks in the context of a distance-teaching course for Danish graduates seeking research-based further education and training in English for medical purposes. The empirical basis is an evaluation report of a second generation distance-teaching course where applied information technologies are geared to maxi-mum pedagogical efficiency by presenting on-line course materials in a flat visual de-sign and by facilitating dialogue between course participants working in teams.
Tekstuelle bistrukturer - definition og funktion
Authors: Bernhardt Lise
Published: March 2017

A text can be divided into a main line and “someting else”, which is not part of the main line. The main line, which may also be called the main structure of the text, has been defined on various occasions by the use of such terms as “chronological development”, “foreground”, etc. Furthermore, it has been described as the skeleton of the text. Those parts which are not main structure, and which may be called side structures, have until now only been defined negatively as not being main structure.This article describes the German researcher Christiane von Stutterheim’s definition of main- and side structures. After this it suggests an alternative definition, which pro-vides more insight about side structures, beside the fact that they are not main structure. To reach a more complete description of side structures, this article analyses the functions that side structures have in texts.
Règles de formation de prédicats et paramètres textuels
Authors: Jadir Mohamed
Published: March 2017

No abstract.
Reformulation of the domain-level semantic pattern of axiological evaluation in the lexicon of English verbs
Authors: Lago Ángel Felices
Published: March 2017

The three-level hierarchy of values in Faber and Mairal‘s work (Constructing a Lexicon of English Verbs, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1999) is based on the scales of values given by Max Scheler or Józef Tischner, which are deeply rooted in the theory of the Great Chain of Being  (employed by Aristotle in his scala naturae). Faber and Mairal also provide an account of the relationship between lexical structure and cognition. A key issue was the introduction of a cognitive axis and a typology of predicate schemas in the lexicon (at lexeme, sub-domain and domain level). Among the four domain-level semantic patterns proposed, axiology is considered to appear in many domains. How-ever, in this article it is claimed that the axiological parameter needs further clarification and decomposition. Its structure is multidimensional, internally hierarchical and ca-nonical. In consequence, the three-level hierarchy of values in the lexicon of English verbs is reformulated and the axiological parameter is divided into multilevel categories crossed by two layers of canonical axes. It is also claimed that the axiological formula incorporating this might improve the understanding of this parameter within the lexical architecture of the verbal lexicon.
Translation for language purpose: Preliminary results of an experimental study of translation and picture verbalization
Authors: Schjoldager Anne
Published: March 2017

No abstract.
En analyse af referenceforhold i bestemte nominalsyntagmer i spansk
Authors: Dam Helle
Published: March 2017

No abstract.
Two empirical models for short‐term forecast of Kp
Authors: Luo B. , Liu S. , Gong J.
Published: March 2017

In this paper, two empirical models are developed for short‐term forecast of the Kp index, taking advantage of solar wind‐magnetosphere coupling functions proposed by the research community. Both models are based on the data for years 1995 to 2004. Model 1 mainly uses solar wind parameters as the inputs, while model 2 also utilizes the previous measured Kp value. Finally, model 1 predicts Kp with a linear correlation coefficient (r) of 0.91, a prediction efficiency (PE) of 0.81, and a root‐mean‐square (RMS) error of 0.59. Model 2 gives an r of 0.92, a PE of 0.84, and an RMS error of 0.57. The two models are validated through out‐of‐sample test for years 2005 to 2013, which also yields high forecast accuracy. Unlike in the other models reported in the literature, we are taking the response time of the magnetosphere to external solar wind at the Earth explicitly in the modeling. Statistically, the time delay in the models turns out to be about 30 min. By introducing this term, both the accuracy and lead time of the model forecast are improved. Through verification and validation, the models can be used in operational geomagnetic storm warnings with reliable performance.
Water‐resistant modification of poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyamidoxime chelating fibers prepared by emulsion spinning and their adsorption properties
Authors: Song Yongjiao , Zhang Xianghan , Ye Guangdou , Xu Jianjun , Jiang Mengjin
Published: March 2017

The poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyacrylonitrile (PVA/PAN) precursor fiber prepared by emulsion spinning was separately crosslinked with dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU), formaldehyde (FA), and both DMDHEU and FA for preparing PVA/polyamidoxime (PAO) chelating fibers with elevated water‐resistance. Effects of different crosslinking systems on the properties of the composite amidoxime chelating fibers have been investigated. Results show that FA treatment can effectively increase the water‐resistance of composite fiber, but would dramatically decrease the adsorption properties of composite fiber. Conversely, DMDHEU treatment has inferior effects on the water‐resistance of the composite fiber, but would impressively increase the adsorption properties of composite fiber. The composite fiber treated with both DMDHEU and FA could reach good overall performances (water contact angle: 94.83°; soft point in hot water: 116 °C; breaking strength in dry condition: 441.80 MPa; the maximum adsorption capacities of precious ions: 1207.66 and 653.59 mg Ag g−1). © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44965.
High‐resolution X‐ray spectroscopy: The coming‐of‐age
Authors: Kaastra J. S.
Published: March 2017

Since the launch of Chandra and XMM‐Newton, high‐resolution X‐ray spectra of cosmic sources of all kinds have become available. These spectra have resulted in major scientific breakthroughs. However, because of the techniques used, in general, high‐quality spectra can be obtained only for the brightest few sources of each class. Moreover, except for the most compact extended sources, such as cool core clusters, grating spectra are limited to point sources. Hitomi made another major step forward, providing for the first time a high‐quality spectrum of an extended source and improved spectral sensitivity in the Fe‐K band. For point sources with the proposed Arcus mission, and for all sources with the launch of Athena, X‐ray spectroscopy will become mature. It will allow us to extend the investigations from the few handful of brightest sources of each category to a large number of sources far away in space and time, or to get high time resolution and high spectral resolution spectra of bright time‐variable sources.
Cosmic X‐ray surveys of active galactic nuclei: The synergy between X‐ray and infrared observations
Authors: Alexander D. M.
Published: March 2017

We briefly review the synergy between X‐ray and infrared observations for active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected in cosmic X‐ray surveys, primarily with XMM‐Newton, Chandra, and NuSTAR. We focus on two complementary aspects of this X‐ray–infrared synergy: (a) the identification of the most heavily obscured AGNs, and (b) the connection between star formation and AGN activity. We also briefly discuss future prospects for X‐ray–infrared studies over the next decade.
Bridging the Telepresence Valley: Greg Welch Speaks
Authors: Hardin Steve
Published: March 2017

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

Greg Welch, chair of healthcare simulation at University of Central Florida, spoke at the 2016 ASIS&T Annual Meeting as the first plenary speaker. He discussed the meaning of a telepresence valley, which is the gap between people in a situation where telepresence is involved. Welch noted that telepresence is markedly different from telecollaboration and, in an ideal telepresence situation, people from different remote locations can feel they are together in one common location. One telepresence application, TLE TeachLivE, is a simulated classroom that allows teachers to improve their skills in interacting with students. TLE simulates avatar students that react to the teacher, thus giving realistic feedback in real time. Welch also discussed applications in the healthcare industry, such as a touch‐sensitive mannequin head that Welch and his team are developing to react to the actions of a provider.
Some European Contributions to Information Science
Authors: Buckland Michael K.
Published: March 2017

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

European contributions to the field of information science are often overlooked or forgotten in the popularity and prominence of the Association for Information Science and Technology, previously known as the American Society for Information Science and Technology. Areas covered include information science theory, bibliographical descriptions, documentation theory, library science, classification, information retrieval, bibliometrics and standards. One noteworthy contributor to the field of information science as a whole is Karl Marx, who is credited as a “herald of the information society. Two international conferences, the International Conference on Scientific Information in Washington D.C. in 1958 and the Royal Society Scientific Information Conference in London in 1948, are cited as recognizing the importance of the field. Another conference series highlighted here is the Conceptions of Library and Information Science, which promotes innovations from the European community and is maintained primarily by Europeans.
Outstanding Information Science Teacher Award: Teaching, Writing and Reflective Practice
Authors: Nathan Lisa P.
Published: March 2017

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

Lisa Nathan is an assistant professor at the iSchool at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and recipient of the 2016 ASIS&T Outstanding Information Science Teacher Award. She creates “real‐world” assignments and thoughtful activities in order to develop students into critically thinking information professionals. Lisa outlines four teaching techniques she uses and provides examples of each one. In a method she calls reflective reading, she asks students to come up with discussion questions based on the weekly reading materials, and the originators of each question run a discussion with other students. She promotes effective communication by building up writing and oral skills for each student to allow them as many outlets as possible to express their opinions thoughtfully. Finally, she extends her teaching outside the classroom and was awarded funds from the UBC's Remote Community Based Learning Fund in 2016 and 2017 for graduate students to work with the Heiltsuk Cultural Education Centre.
Doctoral Student Research Video Competition: Information Behavior of Refugees: Viewing Refugee Integration Through an Information Science Lens
Authors: Oduntan Olubukola
Published: March 2017

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees reports 65 million refugees around the world, a 50 percent increase over the last five years and a 75 percent increase over the last 20 years. With over 80 percent of refugees living below the poverty line, new ideas and innovations are desperately needed to assist with refugee integration into host countries. This information behavior investigation is an attempt to identify information needs, both individually and publically, in refugee integration. Concepts considered in this investigation include the hierarchy of needs, social capital, accessibility and quality of information and sense‐making. One main goal of the investigation was to determine situations where refugees experienced a lack of information during the integration process. Using the materials for this investigation, Olubukola Oduntan created and submitted the winning video for the first ASIS&T Doctoral Student Research Video competition.
Early Days for the Differentiation Policy Framework in Ontario
Authors: Sianos Helen
Published: March 2017

The Ontario Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities in Canada released Ontario's Differentiation Policy Framework for Postsecondary Education in 2013. This chapter examines the mandate as it pertains to the college sector.
Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 with an Oxide‐Derived Lead Nano‐Coralline Electrode in Dimcarb
Authors: Chen Lu , Li Fengwang , Bentley Cameron L. , Horne Mike , Bond Alan M. , Zhang Jie
Published: March 2017

Electroreduction of CO2 in the distillable ionic liquid dimethylammonium dimethylcarbamate (dimcarb) has been investigated with an oxide‐derived lead (od‐Pb) electrode. Compared with unmodified polycrystalline Pb, where H2 is the dominant electrolysis product, od‐Pb possesses impressive catalytic properties for the reduction of CO2 in dimcarb (mixing molar ratio of CO2 and dimethylamine (DMA) >1 : 1.8), with faradaic efficiencies for the generation of H2, CO, and [HCOO]− of approximately 15, 10, and 75 %, respectively. These efficiencies are independent of the applied potential in the range of −1.34 to −3.34 V vs. Cc0/+ (where Cc+=cobaltocenium). Thorough analysis of the properties of od‐Pb, we demonstrate that its intrinsically high catalytic activity towards CO2 reduction compared to bulk Pb is attributable to an increased surface roughness and greater surface area (ca. 10 times higher), rather than the existence of residual metal oxides that are known to suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction, preferred crystal orientation, or the existence of metastable active sites.
Oxygen Delivery as a Limiting Factor in Modelling Dicopper(II) Oxidase Reactivity
Authors: Gülzow Jana , Hörner Gerald , Strauch Peter , Stritt Anika , Irran Elisabeth , Grohmann Andreas
Published: March 2017

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Gerald Hörner and Andreas Grohmann at the Technical University of Berlin. The image depicts that the browning of cut fruit is effected by copper‐ and oxygen‐dependent oxygenases, leading to melanine pigments, which are polymeric ortho‐quinone derivatives. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201605868.
Synthesis of 4,4‐Disubstituted 3‐Methylidenechroman‐2‐ones as Potent Anticancer Agents
Authors: Jakubowski Rafał , Pomorska Dorota K. , Długosz Angelika , Janecka Anna , Krajewska Urszula , Różalski Marek , Mirowski Marek , Bartosik Tomasz , Janecki Tomasz
Published: March 2017

The synthesis of a new library of 4,4‐disubstituted 3‐methylidene‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐chroman‐2‐ones applying Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons methodology for the construction of an exo‐methylidene moiety is reported. Corresponding 3‐diethoxyphosphorylchroman‐2‐ones were synthesized in a three‐step reaction sequence consisting of O‐methylation of ethyl 2‐diethoxyphosphoryl‐3‐oxoalkanoates, followed by reaction of the obtained 2‐diethoxyphosphoryl‐3‐methoxy‐2‐alkenoates with phenols or 1‐naphthol. The resulting 3‐diethoxyphosphorylochromen‐2‐ones proved to be effective Michael acceptors in reactions with various Grignard reagents. Preliminary biological evaluations showed that many of the synthesized 3‐methylidenechroman‐2‐ones possess very high cytotoxic activity against NALM‐6 and HL‐60 cancer cell lines (IC50<1.0 μm) as well as high activity against the MCF‐7 cancer cell line (IC50<10 μm). Furthermore, two of the highly active 3‐methylidenechroman‐2‐ones with geminal methyl and ethyl substituents at position 4 showed promising therapeutic indexes of 10 and 13 in tests against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
Color specification of two new resin composites and influence of stratification on their chromatic perception
Authors: Gueli Anna M. , Pedullà Eugenio , Pasquale Stefania , La Rosa Giusy R. , Rapisarda Ernesto
Published: March 2017

Accurate color reproduction in conservative dentistry is fundamental to the aesthetic success of the restorations. The need to specify the color objectively has been known for some years, and this article aims to make a contribution to this field. This work is part of a multidisciplinary research project, and it has a double aim. The first purpose was to measure the color differences between the two new composite resin restorative materials and the most used dental color scale. Measurements show some differences from color shades indicated by the manufacturers and those obtained from experimental data. The influence of different order of enamel and dentin layers on color perception was also investigated to evaluate clinical strategies useful to obtain desired result. Relevant differences are observed in the stratification of dentin and enamel discs especially for one of the two studied composites.
Preventing intimate partner violence via the Internet: A randomized controlled trial of emotion‐regulation and conflict‐management training for individuals with aggression problems
Authors: Hesser Hugo , Axelsson Sandra , Bäcke Victoria , Engstrand Jonna , Gustafsson Tina , Holmgren Elin , Jeppsson Ulrika , Pollack Maria , Nordén Kjell , Rosenqvist Dan , Andersson Gerhard
Published: March 2017

Objective

The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate the effect of an Internet‐delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (iCBT), which incorporated emotion‐regulation and conflict‐resolution techniques, on intimate partner violence (IPV). Another aim was to test the theoretical underpinnings of the treatment model using mediation analysis.

Method

Sixty‐five participants with aggression problems in intimate adult relationships were recruited from the community and were randomly assigned to iCBT or to a monitored waitlist control. Participants were assessed with standardized self‐report measures of IPV or aggression (Multidimensional Measure of Emotional Abuse, Revised Conflict Tactics Scale, and Aggression Questionnaire), relationship quality (Dyadic Adjustment Scale), anxiety or depression symptomatology (Patient Health Questionnaire; Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener), at pretreatment, posttreatment (8 weeks), and 1‐year follow‐up. Process variables (subscales of Dysfunctional and Emotional Regulation Scale and Anger Rumination Scale) were assessed weekly over the active treatment phase.

Results

Robust linear regression analysis of all randomized participants showed significant treatment effects on emotional abuse relative to control at postassessment. Mediation analysis using growth curve modeling revealed that the treatment effect was partially mediated by changes in emotion‐regulation ability. Controlled effects on secondary outcomes were also observed. Analyses of uncontrolled effects indicted that gains on IPV were maintained at 1‐year follow‐up.

Conclusions

iCBT focusing on enhancing conflict‐resolution skills and emotion‐regulation ability has the potential to reduce IPV among self‐recruited individuals with mild forms of abusive behaviour in intimate relationships. Emotion‐regulation ability is potentially a key therapeutic process of change.

Key Practitioner Message

Internet‐delivered clinician‐guided cognitive behaviour therapy is a viable treatment option for reducing intimate partner violence among self‐recruited individuals with mild forms of abusive behaviour.

For persons who display patterns of frequent and severe violence, other treatments are most likely needed.

Emotion‐regulation training is potentially a key therapeutic component that ought to be incorporated in interventions targeting IPV.
A flowcytometric analysis to efficiently quantify multiple innate immune cells and T Cell subsets in human blood
Authors: Draxler D.F. , Madondo M.T. , Hanafi G. , Plebanski M. , Medcalf R.L.
Published: March 2017

The balance of inflammation and immunosuppression driven by changed ratios in diverse myeloid and T cell subsets, as well as their state of activation and ability to migrate to lymphoid compartments or inflammatory sites, has emerged as a highly active area of study across clinical trials of vaccines and therapies against cancer, trauma, as well as autoimmune and infectious diseases. There is a need for effective protocols which maximally use the possibilities offered by modern flow cytometers to characterize such immune cell changes in peripheral blood using small volumes of human blood. Additionally, longitudinal clinical studies often use cryopreserved samples, which can impact flow cytometric results. To efficiently gauge both the innate and the adaptive immune response, two novel 15‐color antibody panels to identify key myeloid and T cell subsets and their functional potential were established. This approach was used to compare cellular immune profiles in fresh whole blood and in matched cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Cocktail I was designed to identify and characterize myeloid cell populations including dendritic cells (DCs), monocytic monocyte‐derived suppressor cells (MO‐MDSC), and monocytes, determining further core aspects of their state of maturity, T cell stimulatory (or inhibitory) potential, and migration capability. Cocktail II was used for phenotyping diverse T cells subsets, and their key migration and functional regulatory capabilities. The two 15‐color antibody panels for the evaluation of both immune‐stimulating and immunosuppressive processes presented herein allowed for efficient evaluation of the balance of immune activation versus immunosuppression across key blood cells, with good resolution for all 15 markers stained for in each panel. Gating strategies for the myeloid and T cells are presented to further support specific subset identification. This protocol was shown to be reproducible across donors and useful to study both RBC‐lysed whole blood and cryopreserved PBMCs. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Menstrual cycle loss and resumption among patients with anorexia nervosa spectrum eating disorders: Is relative or absolute weight more influential?
Authors: Berner Laura A. , Feig Emily H. , Witt Ashley A. , Lowe Michael R.
Published: March 2017

Objective

Prior research suggests that both body mass index (BMI) and weight suppression (highest past weight minus current weight; WS) are important in determining adult anorexia nervosa (AN) severity. We examined associations between amenorrhea and WS, DSM‐5 BMI severity category, and highest premorbid BMI among patients with AN.

Method

Participants (N = 69) were adult female AN‐spectrum patients at two residential treatment facilities. At admission, height, and weight were measured, and participants completed questionnaires assessing menstrual status and weight history.

Results

Greater WS, adjusted for BMI, was associated with menstrual function at admission. First amenorrhea onset occurred at a normal BMI for 38.5% of participants. Premorbid highest BMI positively correlated with BMI at amenorrhea onset, and higher BMI at amenorrhea onset was associated with higher BMI at menses resumption.

Discussion

These findings add to the literature indicating that relative and absolute weight status are dual indicators of illness severity in AN, and preliminarily suggest that a large proportion of adults who present for treatment initially may have shown symptoms of starvation at a normal BMI. Results underscore the need to focus on weight loss in early detection efforts and may inform target weight setting in the treatment of AN.
Transoral ultrasonic surgery of pharyngolaryngeal giant hemangioma after ethylene‐vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx) embolization
Authors: Valls–Mateus Meritxell , Román Luis San , Macho Juan , Nadal Alfons , Bernal–Sprekelsen Manuel , Vilaseca Isabel
Published: March 2017

Background

Cervico‐mediastinal hemangiomas in adulthood are rare and slow‐growing vascular tumors. The optimal treatment for giant hemangiomas is controversial. In asymptomatic cases, clinical observation is generally recommended.

Methods

We report the transoral resection of a pharyngolaryngeal hemangioma (diameters of 44 × 56 × 39 mm) with tracheal involvement and mediastinal extension. Clinically, the patient had throat foreign body sensation, severe dyspnea and stridor. The hemangioma was first embolized by injecting ethylene‐vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx) transorally, and then the obstructive aspect of the tumor was resected with a bipolar and ultrasonic clamp (ThunderBeat®, Olympus).

Results

Two months after surgery, nasal fiberendoscopy showed complete disappearance of the vascular mass at the larynx and hypopharynx, with a normal mobility of the larynx.

Conclusion

In symptomatic patients, surgical reduction of large pharyngolaryngeal hemangiomas may be feasible by direct embolization and transoral ultrasonic resection. Both may provide an almost bloodless surgical field. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 1239–1242, 2017
Differences in seasonality and temperature dependency of stand transpiration and canopy conductance between Japanese cypress (Hinoki) and Japanese cedar (Sugi) in a plantation
Authors: Saito Takami , Kumagai Tomo'omi , Tateishi Makiko , Kobayashi Nakako , Otsuki Kyoichi , Giambelluca Thomas W.
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we present an investigation of interspecies differences in transpiration of the 2 most common plantation forest tree species in Japan, both in the family Cupressaceae with different northern limits of native distribution, Japanese cypress (Hinoki; Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc.) and Japanese cedar (Sugi; Cryptomeria japonica D. Don). The stem sap flow rate was measured in 2 nearby stands of similar leaf area index in a 42‐year‐old plantation. Single‐tree and stand‐scale transpiration rates (Etre and Esta, respectively) were observed during an ideal autumn environment. At the stand scale, mean sap flux density of Hinoki was greater than that of Sugi, whereas total sapwood area per ground area was smaller in Hinoki than Sugi. Because the 2 variables had counterbalancing effects on transpiration, Esta of Hinoki was similar to (94% of) that of Sugi. This offset was also found between the mean Etre of the 2 species. Esta was similar between the stands from May to October, whereas Esta of Sugi was notably greater than that of Hinoki from February to April. During these 3 months, the difference in cumulative Esta was 21.7 mm, which accounted for 79% of the difference in annual Esta between Hinoki and Sugi (192 and 219 mm/year, respectively). We found that canopy conductance (Gc) and its sensitivity to the mean vapour pressure deficit during daylight hours in Sugi were particularly high in early spring, whereas those in Hinoki shifted gradually throughout the growing season. This difference was related to the optimal temperature of Gc in Sugi, which was approximately 10 °C lower than that in Hinoki. Our results suggest that plantations of water‐conserving species such as Hinoki produce timber slowly but yield water resources generously. Moreover, for plantations of trees sensitive to high temperature, such as Sugi, managers should be concerned about possible future decline caused by anticipated global warming.
Feeling Thanks and Saying Thanks: A Randomized Controlled Trial Examining If and How Socially Oriented Gratitude Journals Work
Authors: O'Connell Brenda H. , O'Shea Deirdre , Gallagher Stephen
Published: March 2017

Objective

This study examined the effect of a reflective interpersonal gratitude journal, a reflective‐behavioral interpersonal gratitude journal and an active control journal, on primary qualities of well‐being and depression.

Method

Participants (n = 192; 67.2% female) completed this 3‐month longitudinal randomized controlled design.

Results

Participants in the reflective‐behavioral condition experienced the greatest improvements in affect balance and reductions in depression at immediate posttest. Both gratitude interventions improved affect balance at 1 month, compared to the control. Changes in affect balance for those in the reflective‐behavioral condition were mediated by the rate at which people expressed gratitude in their existing relationships. This effect was moderated by participant's baseline depressive status.

Conclusion

Expressing felt gratitude to others appears to be a crucial step in deriving benefits, and these benefits may not be limited to the emotionally healthy. Given the applied popularity of gratitude interventions, understanding not only if but also how they work is essential.
Feasibility of gadoteric acid for delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) at the wrist and knee and comparison with Gd‐DTPA
Authors: Rehnitz Christoph , Klaan Bastian , Do Thuy , Barié Alexander , Kauczor Hans‐Ulrich , Weber Marc‐André
Published: March 2017

Purpose

To assess the feasibility of gadoteric acid for delayed gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and to compare the dGEMRIC values obtained using gadoteric acid with those obtained by an equimolar dose of Gd‐DTPA.

Materials and Methods

At 3T, dGEMRIC of the wrist was performed twice using a T1‐weighted 3D‐volumetric interpolated breath‐hold examination sequence in 16 healthy volunteers (10 women; mean age 26.0 years) using gadoteric acid first and Gd‐DTPA 3 weeks later. In addition, 24 patients with knee pain were examined using gadoteric acid (n = 12; seven women; mean age 45.8 years) or Gd‐DTPA (n = 12; four women; mean age 47.1 years). T1 values, the relative decrease in T1, and the delta R1 were compared using t‐tests. Interobserver agreement was assessed using the intraclass correlation (ICC) between two independent readers.

Results

At the wrist, there was no significant difference in delta R1 values (0.34 ± 0.10/s, 95% confidence interval [0.30;0.38]/s for gadoteric acid and 0.32 ± 0.09 [0.29;0.35]/s for Gd‐DTPA, P = 0.24) or the relative decrease in T1 (0.25 ± 0.06 [0.29;0.35] msec for gadoteric acid and 0.24 ± 0.05 [0.22;0.27] msec for Gd‐DTPA, P = 0.35). High observer agreement was found at precontrast (ICC = 0.87, P < 0.001) and postcontrast (ICC = 0.89, P < 0.001). Similarly, at the knee, there was no significant difference in delta R1 (0.39 ± 0.18 [0.32;0.47]/s for gadoteric acid and 0.41 ± 0.09 [0.38;0.45]/s for Gd‐DTPA, P = 0.59) or the relative decrease in T1 (0.30 ± 0.10 [0.26;0.34] msec for gadoteric acid and 0.33 ± 0.05 [0.30;0.35] msec for Gd‐DTPA, P = 0.28). High ICCs of 0.96 (P < 0.01) were noted both at precontrast and postcontrast.

Conclusion

dGEMRIC using gadoteric acid is feasible and yields comparable values when compared with Gd‐DTPA.

Level of Evidence: 2

Technical Efficacy: Stage 2

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1433–1440.
The Association of Diabetes and Obesity With Prostate Cancer Progression: HCaP‐NC
Authors: Khan Saira , Cai Jianwen , Nielsen Matthew E. , Troester Melissa A. , Mohler James L. , Fontham Elizabeth T. H. , Hendrix Laura H. , Farnan Laura , Olshan Andrew F. , Bensen Jeannette T.
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND

The role of race in modifying the association among diabetes, obesity, and prostate cancer (CaP) progression is not well studied. We evaluated diabetes and obesity in association with time to CaP progression in White Americans (Whites) and Black Americans (Blacks).

METHODS

Our study sample consisted of 363 White and 284 Black research participants from the Health Care Access and CaP Treatment in North Carolina (HCaP‐NC) cohort. The association between self‐reported diabetes or obesity and CaP progression (mean follow‐up time approximately 5 years) was assessed using Cox proportional hazards modeling, with adjustment for potential confounders. Stratum‐specific hazard ratio (HR) estimates for Whites and Blacks were evaluated.

RESULTS

Self‐reported diabetes was not associated with CaP progression in the cohort as a whole (HR: 0.86, 95%CI: 0.54, 1.35), or among racially defined groups (Whites, HR: 1.03, 95%CI: 0.50, 2.13 or Blacks, HR: 0.77, 95%CI: 0.43, 1.39). Obesity was positively associated with CaP progression among Whites, in models including (HR: 1.79, 95%CI: 1.08, 2.97), and excluding (HR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.09, 2.96) diabetes as a covariate. No association was observed between obesity and CaP progression in Blacks or the cohort as whole.

CONCLUSIONS

Self‐reported diabetes was not associated with CaP progression In HCaP‐NC. Obesity was associated with CaP progression only among White research participants. Prostate 77:878–887, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of Comorbidity and Prescription Drugs on Haemorrhage in Cholecystectomy
Authors: Strömberg J. , Sandblom G.
Published: March 2017

Background

The purpose of the present study was to analyse the impact of patient‐related risk factors and medication drugs on haemorrhagic complications following cholecystectomy.

Methods

All cholecystectomies registered in the Swedish population‐based Register for Gallstone Surgery and ERCP (GallRiks) were identified. Risk factors for bleeding were assessed by linking data in the GallRiks to the National Patient Register and the Prescribed Drug Register, respectively. The risk of haemorrhage leading to intervention was determined by variable regression, and Kaplan–Meier analysis assessed survival rate following perioperative haemorrhage.

Results

A total of 94,557 patients were included between 2005 and 2015, of which 799 (0.8%) and 1192 (1.3%) patients were registered as having perioperative and post‐operative haemorrhage, respectively. In multivariable analysis, an increased risk of haemorrhagic complications was seen in patients with cerebrovascular disease (p = 0.001), previous myocardial infarction (p = 0.001), kidney disease (p = 0.001), heart failure (p = 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.001), peripheral vascular disease (p = 0.004), and obesity (p = 0.005). Prescription of tricyclic antidepressant (p = 0.018) or dipyridamole (p = 0.047) was associated with a significantly increased risk of perioperative haemorrhage. However, this increase in risk did not remain significant following Bonferroni correction for mass significance. Perioperative haemorrhage increased the risk of death occurring within the first post‐operative year [Hazard Ratio, (HR) 4.9, CI 3.52–6.93] as well as bile duct injury (OR 2.45, CI 1.79–3.37).

Conclusion

The increased risk of haemorrhage associated with comorbidity must be taken into account when assessing patients prior to cholecystectomy. Perioperative bleeding increases post‐operative mortality and is associated with an increased risk of bile duct injury.
The Wiener criterion and quasilinear uniformly elliptic equations
Authors: Michael J.H. , Ziemer William P.
Published: March 2017

In this paper the Dirichlet problem is considered for a wide class of quasilinear elliptic equations with

C^1

coefficients in divergence form. The main result is that if

Ω

is an arbitrary bounded open subset of

R^n

and

ψ

is a continuous function defined on the boundary of

Ω

, then there is a solution to the equation in

Ω

which assumes the boundary data continuously at all points at which a Wiener condition is satisfied. This condition is satisfied at all points of the boundary except for a set of capacity zero.

Dans ce travail nous considérons le problème de Dirichlet pour une large classe d’équations elliptiques avec des coefficients de classe

C^1

. Le résultat principal est le suivant. Soit

Ω

un ensemble ouvert borné arbitraire dans

R^n

, et soit

ψ

une fonction continue sur la frontière de

Ω

. Alors il y a une solution de l’équation dans

Ω

qui est continue et égale à

ψ

dans tous les points où la condition de Wiener est satisfaite. Cette condition est satisfaite dans tous les points de la frontière, à l’exception d’un ensemble de capacité nulle.
An isoperimetric inequality in ℝ3
Authors: Esteban Maria J.
Published: March 2017

In this paper we give an inequality of isoperimetric type in

ℝ^3

, which is a natural extension of the better known isoperimetric inequalities in

ℝ^2

. It shows the relationship between the “degree” of a function from

ℝ^3

to

S^3

and a certain functional which is relevant in the study of mesons in Nuclear Physics.

Dans cet article on démontre une inégalité isopérimétrique dans

ℝ^3

, qui généralise de façon naturelle une inégalité isopérimétrique classique dans

ℝ^2

. Cette inégalité met en évidence la relation existant entre le « degré » des fonctions définies dans

ℝ^3

et à valeurs dans

S^3

et une certaine fonctionnelle liée à l’étude des mésons en Physique Nucléaire.
A proof of Weinstein’s conjecture in ℝ2n
Authors: Viterbo Claude
Published: March 2017

We prove that a hypersurface of contact type in

(ℝ^{2n},\:\sum dx_{i} \wedge dy^{i})

has a closed characteristic. A geometric trick is used to reduce this problem to finding T-periodic solutions of a Hamiltonian system. This system is studied using the Clarke–Ekeland–Lasry dual action functional.

On démontre que toute hypersurface de genre contact de

(ℝ^{2n},\:\sum dx_{i} \wedge dy^{i})

admet au moins une caractéristique fermée. Une astuce géométrique ramène notre problème à la recherche d’orbites T périodiques d’un système hamiltonien. Ce système est analysé en utilisant la fonctionnelle d’action duale de Clarke–Ekeland–Lasry.
Critical points of convex perturbations of some indefinite quadratic forms and semi-linear boundary value problems at resonance
Authors: Mawhin J. , Willem M.
Published: March 2017

Critical points of convex perturbations of indefinite quadratic forms are obtained from the dual least action principle. The main result leads to necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a critical point when the corresponding Euler equation is scalar or when the perturbation is strictly convex. Applications are given to periodic solution of hamiltonian systems and to systems of semi-linear beam equations. A global version of the averaging method is given.

On prouve l’existence de points critiques de perturbations convexes de formes quadratiques indéfinies par le principe de moindre action duale. Si l’équation d’Euler est scalaire ou si la perturbation est strictement convexe, on obtient des conditions nécessaires et suffisantes pour l’existence d’un point critique. Des applications sont données aux solutions périodiques de systèmes hamiltoniens et à des systèmes d’équations de poutre semi-linéaires. On obtient une version globale de la méthode de la moyenne.
Lessons Learned From an Active Shooter Full-Scale Functional Exercise In a Newly Constructed Emergency Department
Authors: Wexler Bryan , Flamm Avram
Published: March 2017

Objective

The primary objective of this exercise was to conduct a full-scale functional exercise utilizing an active-shooter-based scenario to test and evaluate hospital response and coordination with local law enforcement.

Methods

A multidisciplinary group, including community partners, formulated objectives in accordance with the Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program and defined a scenario. A date to conduct the exercise was chosen on the basis of the expected completion of a large section of the new emergency department but prior to its opening for patient care.

Results

The exercise highlighted several strengths, but more importantly, illuminated areas for improvement that might otherwise have been missed in tabletop exercises and smaller-scale drills. Educational opportunities to improve functional skills and protocol were recognized.

Conclusion

Conducting a full-scale functional exercise of an active shooter in a newly constructed emergency department prior to opening for patient care provided valuable insight into areas for improvement while minimizing the impact such an exercise can have on daily operations. Should a similar opportunity arise as a result of new facilities being developed or renovations and maintenance requiring temporary closure, we advise hospitals to consider planning an exercise in the area prior to reopening for patient care. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:522–525)
Management and Organization Review Special Issue ‘Doing Qualitative Research in Emerging Markets
Authors: Plakoyiannaki Emmanuella , Wei Tian , Hsu Carol , Cassell Catherine , Prashantham Shameen
Published: March 2017

The Management and Organization Review (MOR) special issue on ‘Doing Qualitative Research in Emerging Markets’ aims to advance the quality, diversity, and understanding of qualitative research methods in management in the context of emerging markets. The value of qualitative research is increasingly embraced by management scholars thanks to its merits for building new theories and testing existing ones, as well as exemplifying new phenomena by surfacing contextual idiosyncrasies (Bansal & Corley, 2011; Birkinshaw, Brannen, & Tang, 2011; Eisenhardt & Graebner, 2007; Rynes, 2007; Welch, Piekkari, Plakoyiannaki, & Paavilainen-Mantymaki, 2011). As Bansal and Corley (2011: 234) suggest ‘The beauty of qualitative research is that it accommodates different paradigms and different styles of research and research reporting. Although there are merits to having norms emerge for the style of qualitative research manuscripts, we do not want to stifle creativity’.
Popular Participation and Governance in the Kirchners' Argentina and Chávez's Venezuela: Recognition, Incorporation and Supportive Mobilisation
Authors: HANSON REBECCA , LAPEGNA PABLO
Published: March 2017

How did governance in Kirchner's Argentina and Chávez's Venezuela interact with popular mobilisation? How have popular sectors engaged with and participated in Left-of-centre governance? Using ethnographic data, we argue that the answers to these questions lie in three social mechanisms that we call recognition, incorporation and selective mobilisation. We analyse how activists and participants interpreted and contested these mechanisms, paying attention to how they informed the everyday life of activism and the situated actions of participants. Underscoring their socially embedded and path-dependent nature, we argue that these mechanisms shaped mobilisation differently in each country.
Anger Issues: Mark 1.41 in Ephrem the Syrian, the Old Latin Gospels and Codex Bezae
Authors: Johnson Nathan C.
Published: March 2017

While the vast majority of manuscripts portray Jesus in Mark 1.41 as ‘moved to compassion’ (σπλαγχνισθείς) before healing a leper, five putative witnesses in three languages depict him ‘becoming angry’ (ὀργισθείς/iratus). Following Hort's dictum that ‘knowledge of documents should precede final judgments on readings’, this article offers the first thorough examination of the witnesses to ‘anger’, with the result that the sole putative Syriac witness is dismissed, the Old Latin witnesses are geographically isolated, and the sole Greek witness linked to the Old Latin as a Greek–Latin diglot. Since the final grounds for Jesus’ ‘anger’, that it is thelectio difficilior, also prove insubstantial, σπλαγχνισθείς is concluded to be original, with ‘anger’ originating in the Old Latin manuscript tradition.
Narrative Criticism of the Religious Authorities as a Group Character in the Gospel of John: Some Problems
Authors: von Wahlde Urban C.
Published: March 2017

Recent narrative critical studies of the religious authorities in the Fourth Gospel have proposed, first, that the term ‘Jews’ has only one meaning in the Gospel and, second, that ‘the Jews’ and ‘the Pharisees’ constitute a single group character. However, when viewed from a different perspective, the term ‘Jews’ can be said to have three different meanings in the Gospel. Moreover, when viewed from this perspective, the various usages exhibit a remarkable consistency, one not evident when all instances are thought to have the same meaning. If only those instances of ‘the Jews’ that refer to religious authorities are studied from the point of view of narrative analysis, their character exhibits a great homogeneity but at the same time contrasts consistently with the portrayal of the character of ‘the Pharisees’ (together with ‘the chief priests’ and ‘rulers’). This article describes eight ways in which the character of the religious authorities is portrayed differently (and in a contrasting manner) in the two sets of terms, thus indicating that not all instances of the term ‘Jews’ have the same meaning and that the terms for religious authorities do not constitute a single group character, thus raising substantial questions about the proper method for interpreting these texts within the Gospel.
Marcion's Gospel and the New Testament: Catalyst or Consequence?
Authors: Lieu Judith
Published: March 2017

These three short papers were delivered in the ‘Quaestiones disputatae’ session at the 71st General Meeting of the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas, held at McGill University, Montreal, on 3 August 2016. The session was chaired by Professor Carl Holladay, President of the Society.
Nationwide investigation of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coliamong cattle in Japan revealed the risk factors and potentially virulent subgroups
Authors: LEE K. , KUSUMOTO M. , IWATA T. , IYODA S. , AKIBA M.
Published: March 2017

A nationwide study of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC) was performed to determine the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors for fecal shedding of STEC among cattle in Japan. Information on rearing practices was also collected to identify risk factors for fecal shedding of STEC. STEC was isolated from 24·1% of samples (133/551) collected from 59·1% of farms (65/110). Bayesian clustering using the virulence marker profiles of the isolates subdivided the isolates into four genetically distinct groups, two of which corresponded toeae- orsaa-positive STEC, which can cause severe disease in human. Both STEC groups exhibited characteristic phylogeny and virulence marker profiles. It is noteworthy that the tellurite resistance gene was not detected in allsaa-positive STEC isolates, suggesting that the standard isolation method using tellurite might lead to an underestimation of the prevalence ofsaa-positive STEC. A multivariate logistic regression model using epidemiological information revealed a significantly (P< 0·01) high odds ratio on STEC fecal shedding in tie-stall housing and a low odds ratio in flat feed box and mechanical ventilation. Information on isolate characteristics of the two major pathotypes and risk factors in rearing practices will facilitate the development of preventative measures for STEC fecal shedding from cattle.
RARE EVENTS IN THE STOCHASTIC CAMASSA–HOLM EQUATION
Authors: CHEN YONG , LUO HUA
Published: March 2017

We investigate rare or small probability events in the context of large deviations of the stochastic Camassa–Holm equation. By the weak convergence approach and regularization, we get large deviations of the regularized equation. Then, by stochastic equations exponentially equivalent to the corresponding laws, we get large deviations of the stochastic Camassa–Holm equation.