bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMAGE-SCHEMATIC STRUCTURING OF REALITY IN POLITICAL SPEECHES ON THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK
Authors: Jeftić Ljerka
Published: August 2021

The paper is concerned with analysis of Donald Trump and Angela Merkel’s speeches to their respective nations on the occasion of the COVID-19 outbreak. Within the integrated cognitive-critical approach to discourse analysis framework the paper focuses on the interplay between the cognitive mechanisms and discursive structures that make up meanings in a genre of political discourse. Assuming that specific actions and measures are to be communicated so as to deal with the threat presented by the coronavirus, analysis of the cognitive dimension of language use focuses on the underlying force (linguistically articulated by way of modal verbs) and containment image schemas considered as indicative of the ways the speakers conceive of the power vested in them. The political dimension analysis focuses on pronominal forms as discourse structures establishing relationships with addressees. The results point to D. Trump’s self-representation of the protector of nation unlike A. Merkel’s encouragement of solidarity empowered by knowledge-based joint actions and behaviour.

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BETWEEN CURSE AND DESTINY: TOWARDS A SEMIOTIC READING OF DANIEL DEFOE’S ROBINSON CRUSOE / ENTRE MALEDICTION ET DESTIN : VERS UNE LECTURE SEMIOTIQUE DE ROBINSON CRUSOE DE DANIEL DEFOE
Authors: Kloutse Biava Kodjo
Published: August 2021

Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe depicts the adventures of a protagonist named Crusoe who grew up in a family entirely devoted to the teachings of the Holy Bible in a dogmatic wing of Christianity known as puritanism. As he reaches his maturity, the young Crusoe went to sea much against his father, whence he started experiencing such unbearable misfortunes that he always regrets his deed at every single misadventure. This paper intends to elaborate on the relevance of the fourth commandment in the novel of Daniel Defoe by conducting a meticulous analysis upon the adventures of Crusoe in order to propose a new reading of the adventures of Crusoe by pointing out the relevance of experience and self-made-man attitude in the fulfilment of every successful man.

Robinson Crusoé de Daniel Defoe est un roman d’aventure dont le personnage principal est Crusoé. Crusoé a grandi dans une famille fortement religieuse de l’aile radicale du christianisme connu sous le nom de puritanisme. Celui-ci dans sa quête de réalisation de soi, désobéit à son père en allant à la mer. Ce choix l’exposa à une pléthore de malheurs qu'il regrettait toujours son choix à chaque mésaventure. Cet article se propose de vérifier la pertinence du quatrième commandement biblique dans le roman de Daniel Defoe en menant une analyse minutieuse sur les aventures de Crusoé afin de proposer une nouvelle lecture des aventures de Crusoé en soulignant la pertinence de l'expérience et du self-made-man dans l'accomplissement de soi.

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A REVIEW ON THE USE OF L1 IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS
Authors: Zilian Peng
Published: August 2021

This review aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the use of first language (L1) in foreign language classrooms by reviewing 15 empirical studies. This review found that the focuses of those studies can be categorized from five aspects: (1) extent of L1 use, (2) the purpose of L1 use, (3) factors inﬂuencing teachers’ use of L1, (4) attitudes and identities related to L1 use, and (5) the effectiveness of L1 use on second language (L2) learning. Methods for research on this area and directions for future research are suggested.

本文旨在通过对15篇实证研究的回顾，对外语课堂中母语的使用提供一个全面的视角。本文主要发现, 这些研究的主题可以分为五类: (1)使用母语的程度, (2) 使用母语的目的, (3) 影响教师使用母语的因素, (4) 关于母语使用的态度和身份转变, 以及 (5) 母语使用对外语学习的影响。基于以上发现本文总结了该领域的研究方法，指明了未来的研究方向。

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METAFICTIONAL FEATURES IN MUṢṬAFĀ AL-RĀFI‘Ī’S “RASĀ’IL AL-’AḤZĀN (LETTERS OF SORROWS)” ملامح ميتاقصّيّة في "رسائل الأحزان" لمصطفى الرافعي
Authors: Hamad Mohammad , Kabha Mahmoud
Published: August 2021

This study traces the signs of metawriting or metafiction as a phenomenon in a literary sample written by al-Rāfi‘ī in 1924. More specifically, the study investigates the features of this phenomenon in al-Rāfi‘ī’s book “Rasā’il ’al-’Aḥzān (Letters of Sorrows)”. The study attempts to answer the following questions: How did al-Rāfi‘ī work with metafiction before it appeared as a literary phenomenon at the end of the twentieth century? And how was metafiction reflected in his literary writings? We do indeed find that al-Rāfi‘ī talked about the author, the narrator and the implied author. He also talked about metalanguage and about writing as a craft, discussing its processes, purposes, methodologies and expressive techniques as well as exploring the relationship between the author and the implied reader. All of these are considered metafictional features, thus proving our hypothesis that metafiction as a phenomenon had existed before the end of the twentieth century, and that al-Rāfi‘ī used various metafictional features in his writings.

نتتبع في هذه الدراسة إرهاصات لظاهرة الميتاكتابة أو الميتاقص، في نموذج أدبي للرافعي من عام 1924. حيث تستقصي الدراسة ملامح الظاهرة في كتابه "رسالة الأحزان".

تحاول الدراسة الإجابة عن السؤال: كيف اشتغل الرافعي بالميتاكتابة قبل أن تكون ظاهرة أدبية كما ظهر في نهاية القرن العشرين؟ وكيف انعكست الميتا كتابة في كتاباته الأدبية؟

نجد أن الرافعي قد تحدّث عن المؤلف والراوي والمؤلف الضمنيّ، وعن الميتالغة وعن الكتابة كصنعة، سيرورتها والغاية منها، منهجيتها وأدواتها التعبيرية، كما تحدث عن علاقة المؤلف بالقارئ الافتراضي المروي له.

يعتبر كل ذلك ملامح ميتاقصية، مما يثبت فرضيتنا أن الظاهرة الميتاقصية وجدت قبل نهاية القرن العشرين، وأن الرافعي استخدم بعضا منها.

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DOS PASSOS’S U.S.A. THROUGH THE LENS OF LEFT-WING PUBLICATIONS IN THE USSR
Authors: Despotis Stefanos
Published: August 2021

The subject of this paper was borne out of engagement with the genre of proletarian literature in 1930’s America, the artistic output of the Popular Front era, as well as the multifaceted scholarly debates that surround them. Slightly refining the scope of this investigation, I will be examining John Dos Passos’s U.S.A. trilogy, and situating it within the context of the nuanced interconnection of aesthetics and politics in that era. I wish to argue that U.S.A. became a highly contested space of literary and ideological conflict. Within this space, a wide-ranging and sometimes heated debate on form and content transpires which is inseparable from the political project of socialist construction in the USSR. This debate was held between proponents of the aesthetic movements of modernism and realism, and was intensely present in organs and publications affiliated with these left-wing institutions. Therefore, I divert my attention towards one of these Anglophone publications, namely International Literature, in order to map Dos Passos’s presence within them and gauge the extent to which my hypothesis is legitimate. I will develop an exposition of archival material from this journal which serve the purpose of illuminating the extent to which there was a preoccupation with the work of Dos Passos within the literary circles of the organised Left, as well as outlining the content of the attitudes expressed towards him. This exposition however will necessarily be accompanied by an engagement with the scholarship around this subject, especially taking into consideration the historicity of the scholarship itself; that is to say, the recognition of historical limitations within the scholarship, as well as the attempt to supersede these limitations by more recent critical works.

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AN EXAMINATION OF THE REPRESENTATIONS OF NATURE IN THE SHORT STORIES OF AWARD WINNING ZAMBIANS
Authors: Simpande Alex
Published: August 2021

The short story scene of award winners in Zambia is dominated by female writers. Chicken, by Efemia Chela, was nominated for the Caine Prize for African writing in 2014. A Hand to Hold, by Mali Kambandu, won the 2018 Kalemba Prize, a local award for Zambian writers. The Sack, by Namwali Serpell, won the Caine Prize in 2015 and Madam’s Sister, by Mbozi Haimbe, was the African regional winner of the Commonwealth Short Story Prize in 2019. Studies between literature and the physical environment have become an area of interest for many writers. Following the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005 – 2014) and Agenda 2030, this study examines the representations of nature and ecocritical issues in the works of four award winning Zambian short story writers. Using the model by Glotfelty (1996), the examination addresses two issues (1) how nature is represented in four award winning short stories (2) the ecocritical issues raised in the short stories. Through a qualitative, textual analysis of the short stories, the findings highlight contributions that literature by Zambian writers can make towards the discourse on sustainability issues and raise awareness about nature and environmental concerns of the 21st century.

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AN APPEARANCE OF A SEASONABLE SILVER LINING WITHIN THE DUO INTERSPECIES RELATIONSHIPS: A RELATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Joshi Monica
Published: August 2021

This paper rests on how the two bestseller horror novels chosen to compare actually connect to each other. It reviews twin interspecies relationships. The first one is a young adult debut novel The Silver Kiss (2009) by English born American author Annette Curtis Klause. It was published in 1990 and republished in 2009 with two additional short stories, “The Summer of Love” and “The Christmas Cat.” Michigan Library Association picked it as the ‘Best Book of the Year Honor Book‘ in 1990. School Library Journal too gave it place among the Best Books in the same year and American Library Association, in 1991, considered it among the Best Books for Young Adults. The other is also a debut work Let the Right One In (original Swedish: Lat denratteKomma in), also known as Let Me In (2004). It is a vampire fiction novel written by Swedish writer John Ajvide Lindqvist and translated by Ebba Segerberg into English (2008).The subject of both the works taken into consideration here is loss, relationships and vampires. ‘Species’ means type or class of individuals sharing common characteristics, whereas inter-species means taking place between species. The Silver Kiss unfolds the tale of the teenager heroine Zoe’s life, taking into account her mother’s battle with cancer and death. She is very courageous, but all alone. She is in need of someone who can hold her in sleepless nights. Late one night, she takes a walk around the garden where she meets the dashing and silver haired Simon. He realizes the agony of desolation and death and Zoe’s pensive contemplation of her sinking mother. Both of them become reconciled to emotional loss via their budding inter-relation and are strongly concerned for each other. Let the Right One In revolves around the affinity betwixt Oskar Eriksson, who is twelve years of age and an age-old vampire in the figure of Eli who also happens to be a child. Oskar is all the time teased in school by a bunch of bullies, who take pleasure in inflicting severe pain and shame upon him. With Eli’s support, he is able to retaliate against his cuss harassers. A distinctive impression of vampirism has been created by both Klause and Lindqvist together. Connectively, the inferno strikes one with all the returning warmth. Details of the figures’ everyday lives have been shared with the readers appealingly. Initially, the whole lot of selves give the impression of being unattached, after all they come to be interrelated before long. By-and-large, the novels under discussion in this place are manifold and come up with the matters in question for the reviewers to ponder over.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF DRUG AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE PREVENTION PROGRAMS AMONG SCHOOLS IN DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Authors: Murah Tariq Ali , Azam S. M. Ferdous , Khatibi Ali , Tham Jacquline
Published: August 2021

This research was done in order to analyse the need for effective drug awareness training programs, to identify and analyse the key characteristics of effective drug prevention programs and to propose a framework for effective delivery of Drug Prevention Programs in schools of UAE. Hence, a survey was done to get to the findings of the research. As a result, a quantitative study among school children has been conducted across 4 schools involving 201 students. This research, with particular emphasis on the effectiveness of drug and substance abuse prevention programs among schools in Dubai Emirates. The findings of this study have shown that there is a need for effective drug awareness training programs, as the results have shown that 11.6% of all students have indeed used drugs. The results have also shown that there are three main characteristics which will make the drug prevention programs more effective. The three key characteristics are drug awareness training program through counselling, involving parents and community as well as using interactive program and multimedia in order to boost student’s confidence and increase resistance skills against the use of drugs. Hence, it is recommended that drug awareness programs alone will not be fully effective in reducing the use of drugs among students in Dubai, UAE.

 

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A FRAMEWORK FOR IMPROVING EFFECTIVENESS OF DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION PROGRAM IN DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Authors: Murah Tariq Ali , Azam S. M. Ferdous , Khatibi Ali , Tham Jacquline
Published: August 2021

There are visible dimensions for the problematic phenomenon of drugs abuse and abusers, and yet it has hidden dimensions related to those who are not abusers but have psychological and social readiness if the conditions allow them to, we call those the vulnerable This research was done in order to analyse the need for effective drug awareness training programs by analysing a framework based on 10 guiding principles for school-based education for drug abuse prevention in schools of UAE. Hence, a survey was done to get to the findings of the research. As a result, a quantitative study among school children has been conducted across 4 schools involving 201 students. This research, with particular emphasis on the effectiveness of drug and substance abuse prevention programs among schools in Dubai Emirates. The findings of this study have shown that there is a need for effective drug awareness training programs and the importance of adopting the 10 principles for prevention of drug abuse in UAE. Hence, it is recommended that teachers in schools get advice and networking opportunities for sharing both successes and problems solving training for drug abuse. Moreover, it is required to arrange a sufficient time to be allocated to achieving clearly stated learning outcomes and collaborative partnerships between schools and family of student and the community as well to be developed in an atmosphere supportive of drug abuse prevention program.

 

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EXPLORING THE ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE ZIMBABWE BANKING SECTOR
Authors: Shambira Leonard
Published: August 2021

This study examines how far the Zimbabwe banking sector has progressed in adopting AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology in their banking processes. According to PwC’s AI impact index which looks at 300 AI use cases around the globe the technology will contribute US$15.7 trillion to the global economy by 2030 boosting the GDP of individual countries by up to 26%. AI technology enables computers to mimic human intelligence so that they can learn, sense, think and act in order to achieve automation and gain analytic insights. The study revealed that the drivers for adopting AI in the banking sector are customer satisfaction, cost reduction and the need to better manage risk and the barriers to adoption of AI are lack of AI knowledge, lack of resources including AI talent and establishing governance for ethical AI, data privacy and other security issues. The primary data was collected using survey as a research strategy, the data was collected from 120 bank employees across ten banks. The study also revealed that the banking sector in Zimbabwe has adopted AI embedded in their banking software to enhance bank processes and also to enhance security and risk control and only 16% of the surveyed banks had adopted some form of AI to enhance customer interaction and experience in the form of chatbots.

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TRADITIONAL CULTURE CHANGES OF ETHNIC MINORITY IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS IN THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT AND INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION: A STUDY OF THE BA NA ETHNIC GROUP IN KON TUM PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Authors: Cuong Do Thi
Published: August 2021

Kon Tum is a province located in an important geopolitical position, with 28 ethnic groups living together, of which 7 ethnic groups are local groups: Xo Dang, Ba Na, Gie Trieng, Gia rai, Brau , Ro Mam and Hre with many different cultural characteristics, [1, p.1]. A system of plentiful tangible and intangible cultural heritages bears the distinctive characteristics of the forest culture area, upland farming culture and gong culture. Mr. Koichiro Matsuura - General Director of UNESCO at the ceremony of announcing the Central Highlands Gong Culture, said: “I have enjoyed the very unique Vietnamese style of gong music and have also seen very unique musical instruments in the gong orchestra of ethnic groups in the Central Highlands. This is a very unique traditional culture of Vietnam. It's very wonderful and unique…” [5, p.1]. Nowadays, under the impact of socio-economic conditions, the exchange and integration increase; the culture of the Ba Na ethnic group is undergoing strong changes. We can easily see that, from the daily routines such as eating, clothing, accommodation, travel...to voice, customs and beliefs, as well as images, patterns... are changing. Through the process of researching and surveying ideas of artists, village elders and experts on the Ba Na ethnic group in Kon Tum province, we generalize the changes in traditional culture of the Ba Na ethnic group in Kon Tum province.

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NEW POINTS OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE 2015 ON PROCEDURES FOR PEOPLE UNDER 18 YEARS OLD
Authors: Yen Dinh Thi Hai
Published: August 2021

The Criminal Procedure Code 2015 is defined as a fundamental and comprehensive amendment, including 510 articles, of which 176 new articles are added, 317 articles are amended, and 26 articles are annulled. The Code is created to meet the requirements of building and perfecting a socialist law-governed state of Vietnam and implementing the policy of judicial reform, meeting the practical requirements of the investigation, prosecution and adjudication and protect human rights. The article focuses on analyzing the new points of the Criminal Procedure Code 2015 on legal procedures for people under 18 years old.

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LIVING EXPERIENCE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS DURING COVID-19: A STUDY AT HUZHOU UNIVERSITY, CHINA
Authors: Masud Nuruddin Ahmed , Suborna Taherun Nesa , Hosan Shamim , Hassan Mohammad Jahid
Published: August 2021

The rapid spread of the Covid-19 around the world following the discovery of a new outbreak in December 2019 has completely paralyzed the lives of all people. The main purpose of this study is to observe the experiences and challenges of international students living at Huzhou University during the epidemic. Qualitative methods in a phenomenological manner have been used in the study through which in-depth research has been conducted and data has been collected through semi-structured interviews using purposive sampling. The results of this study showed that, international students have been able to cope with the challenges they have faced such as psychological, academic & social. At the time of the epidemic, they were paralyzed, but over time, they were able to make a living, as well as communicate regularly with peoples close to them.

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IMPACT OF TEACHERS’ BEHAVIOR ON THE MOTIVATION OF STUDENTS AT HIGH SCHOOL LEVEL: EMPIRICAL STUDY OF DISTRICT HYDERABAD, SINDH, PAKISTAN
Authors: Shah Kashif Ali , Asif Nawal , Shah Sajjad Dino , Ibupoto Mukhtiar Hussain
Published: August 2021

Education is considered as an authentic tool for rapid nation building, empowerment, prosperity and economic development. The quality of education remained main issue for Policy makers and curriculum designer. Policy makers have dedicated huge amount of time and energy to provide quality education. Mainly focus of quality betterment relies was associated with infrastructural development like, buildings, furniture, laboratories, libraries and play grounds. In this relation, curriculum designing, hiring of new trained teacher, external environment, nutrition, poverty alleviation also remained priority for betterment of education. But the major element of education is related with student psychology. One major factor is being over shadowed; the motivation of the students, even with the best administrators, highly qualified faculty, curriculum and materials in place, if students are not motivated, to learn and excel, the achievement of goal will become difficult. Therefore, current study major purpose was to investigate the impact of teacher’s behavior on the motivation of students at high school. The study based on inductive approach. The quantitative technique was employed for data collection. The data were analyzed through statistical package for social science 24 version for windows. The findings of study revealed that impact of teacher’s behavior on the motivation of students is positively associated. The teacher motivation has great impact on student attitude, learning, understanding and mental development. Therefore, policy makers, curriculum designers should focus on motivation of students.

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COMMUNAL VIOLENCE AND THE EXTREMITY OF POVERTY AMONG RURAL FARMERS IN THE NORTH – CENTRAL REGION OF NIGERIA
Authors: Akpehe Godwin Aondongu , Dewua Ebi Rhoda , Mase A. Judith , Timin Luther
Published: August 2021

The increasing spate of communal violence in North – Central region of Nigeria has taken a very high toll on lives and livelihoods and had displaced several people. These resultantly had exacerbated the level of vulnerability, food/economic insecurity, destitution, extreme deprivation and misery in the region especially among the rural farmers thereby exposing them to extreme poverty. This paper focuses therefore on examining the effects of communal violence on rural poverty, the extent to which communal violence has extremely impoverished the rural populace in the North – Central region of Nigeria and ways of minimising its spate. Data for the study was sourced from 405 respondents across the region using questionnaire method. Findings of the study identified the effects of communal violence to include: wanton destruction of human lives, property and other sources of livelihood, psychological trauma, food and health insecurity as well as displacement of small – holder rural farmers, making their living standards miserable and deplorable thereby increasing very extremely the rate of poverty in the area by 85 per cent. The paper therefore recommends immediate trial of perpetrators of violence, conflict management and peace studies and poverty alleviation as actionable solutions.

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SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MORAL EDUCATION FOR VIETNAMESE STUDENTS IN THE CURRENT INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION CONTEXT
Authors: Hang Nguyen Thi
Published: August 2021

As one of the forms of social consciousness, morality is seen as a mirror reflecting quite honestly the physical living conditions of society and is determined by those physical conditions. In this article, the author focuses on analyzing a number of solutions to improve the effectiveness of moral education for Vietnamese students in the current international integration context.

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COVID-19 PANDEMIC FIGHT IN GHANA: DOMESTIC PRODUCTION OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) AND LINGUISTIC CHOICES IN PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESSES FROM MARCH – NOVEMBER 2020
Authors: Osuanyi Quaicoo Essel , Logogye Cynthia
Published: August 2021

This article does a critical discourse analysis of the first nineteen (19) addresses delivered by president Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo Addo (from March – November 2020) with regards to the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic to determine the content and context of the linguistic choices in relation to the laid-out measures in favour of developing the local fashion and textiles industry. Critical discourse analysis was used as research design and as data analysis plan. Inductive content analysis formed part of the analytical tools. The analysis revealed that specific measures put in place to curtail the importation of PPE was engagement of the local fashion designers, tailors and seamstresses some of which had begun production of some the PPE in smaller quantities for commodification. The high cost of importation of PPE, its global shortage, and proactive response of the Ghanaian sartorial workers pushed the government to do the needful by falling on local manufacturing companies to assist them in the domestic production of PPE. It recommended that the government must provide the fashion and textiles industry with credit facilities, tax waivers; and logistical support such as industrial machineries and other needed equipment for expansion of the industry in the subsequent budgets, and maintain fiscal and tactical discipline to these. This must be done with the aim of strengthening domestic production, advancing the nation’s self-reliance, stopping the imports of the PPE and at the same time creating more jobs in the multimillion sector in this time of economic hardship.

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WORK LIFE BALANCE WITHIN THE PRIVATE SECTOR: THE PREDICTIVE ROLES OF SOCIAL SUPPORT AND LOCUS OF CONTROL
Authors: Oguegbe Tochukwu Matthew , Iloke Stephen Ebuka , Ezisi Jerome Ogochukwu , Ofoma Enyeobi Bede
Published: August 2021

The study investigated social support and locus of control as predictors of work life balance among workers. One hundred and forty one (141) workers from Stine Rice Industry, Amichi served as participants in the study, comprising 90 males (66.08%) and 51 females (33.92%). Their age ranged between 18 – 50 years with a mean age of 30.04 years and standard deviation of 8.1 years. The participants were selected using systematic and convenient sampling technique. Fisher's work life balance Scale (Fisher, 2001), Rotter internal-external locus of control scale 1966 (Rotter, 1966), and multidimensional scale of perceived social support (Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet & Farley, 1988) was used for data collection. The design adopted in the research is a correlational design. Based on this, Multiple Linear Regression was adopted as the statistical tool for data analysis using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Three hypotheses were tested, and the results revealed that the first hypothesis which stated that social support would significantly predict work life balance among workers was accepted at (p>.05, t=2.161). The second hypothesis which stated that locus of control would significantly predict work life balance among workers was also accepted at (p>.05, t=-6.02). The third hypothesis which stated that social support and locus of control would jointly predict work life balance among workers was accepted at F(2,138)=24.214, p<.05 level of significant. Thus, based on the findings of this study, the researchers recommended that organizations should provide mechanisms that will provide support for workers in order to balance their work lives, should provide human resource initiatives that will enhance their productivity level. Also, the needs of employees are increasing owing to the many roles they play outside the work and family environment; managers are to be understanding when employees make requests to meet these needs. Limitations and implications of the study were also discussed.

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EUTHANASIA FOR COVID-19 PATIENTS DURING THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Mahzaniar M. , Lubis Muhammad Ridwan , Nasution Adawiyah , Maryani Halimatul
Published: August 2021

In this study, this paper focuses on the study of euthanasia of COVID-19 patients, which causes the endless spread of COVID-19 and the possible practice of euthanasia assumed by Western medical personnel, as well as the ongoing debate over euthanasia because it is related to religious views. The above-mentioned motives are some factors that the paper attempts with an analytical descriptive writing method that cites references from several literatures such as books, journals, previous research and digital literacy. The study concludes that in Indonesia, although the Criminal Code does not explicitly mention the word euthanasia, however, based on the provisions of Article 344 of the Criminal Code, doctors should refuse to take this action even if the patient's family wishes. According to law, social norms, religion and ethics of doctors, euthanasia is not allowed. It is because the country of Indonesia, which has a majority Muslim population and religion, is in conflict with the issue.

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EXECUTION OF SENSITIZATION PROGRAMMES OF ADVENTIST RELIEF AGENCY ON FEMALE CIRCUMCISION IN NYAMIRA CONFERENCE OF SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS IN NYAMIRA COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Mensire Josephine , Nyabwari Bernard Gechiko , Kyalo Paul Mulwa
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which sensitization programmes of Adventist Relief Agency on female circumcision have been executed in Nyamira Conference of the Seventh-day Adventists in Nyamira County, Kenya. This study adopted a theoretical framework based on social change, social control theories. This study adopted mixed methods approach which includes both quantitative and qualitative methods which encompassed concurrent triangulation. Concurrent triangulation enabled the researcher to adopt descriptive survey research design. The target population in this study was 7 Conference management staff, 3 ADRA programme implementation officers, 60 church pastors and 700 church lay leaders. The sample size consisted of 18 church pastors and 210 lay leaders which was 30% of the target population whereas all the 7 Nyamira Conference management staff members and the 3 ADRA programme implementation officials were purposively included in the study. The study used questionnaires and oral interviews to collect data from the respondents. A pilot study was conducted for reliability and validity of the research instruments. The instruments were piloted in the churches within Nyamira Conference whose pastors and lay leaders did not participate in the study utilizing simple random sampling to select respondents. To ensure reliability of the findings, the data was subjected to cronbanch alpha index. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.7878 was obtained and this implied that the research instruments were reliable and therefore the researcher adopted the research instruments. It was established that there were sensitization programmes on female circumcision in Nyamira County. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that there is need to support the sensitization programmes of Adventist Relief Agency on female circumcision in Nyamira Conference of the Seventh-day Adventists in Nyamira County. Based on the findings of this study it was recommended that the Nyamira Conference management of the Seventh Day Adventist church should strive to encourage and support the sensitization programmes by the Adventist Relief Agency on female circumcision in the area of jurisdiction.

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THE IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING THE DIALECTICAL THINKING CAPACITY OF STUDENTS AT THE MILITARY SCIENCE ACADEMY IN VIETNAM
Authors: Tuyen Hoang Van
Published: August 2021

Materialistic dialectical thinking is a type of thinking that develops at the highest level of thinking, plays an important role in the process of world perception and human practical activities. In this article, the author focuses on analyzing the importance of developing the dialectical thinking capacity of students at the Military Science Academy in Vietnam in developing the ability to acquire and store Marxism-Leninism scientific knowledge, whose core is the materialistic dialectics, applying worldview, materialistic dialectical methodology in learning, training and scientific research; the capacity to think logically, synthesize existing knowledge, create new knowledge, the capacity to summarize the practice in learning, training and scientific research.

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BEYOND THE RHETORIC: THE CASE FOR THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF COMPREHENSIVE SEXUALITY EDUCATION IN KENYAN SCHOOLS
Authors: Kiswili Keith
Published: August 2021

Comprehensive Sexuality Education remains one of the most controversial topics in global development discourse. Organizations such as UNESCO, WHO and UNICEF have championed for the institutionalization of CSE in countries across the globe, citing the relative merits of this education on young people. Kenya, like a lot of other countries has faced formidable opposition in the institutionalization of CSE with much of the opposition being spearheaded by religious groups and advocacy groups that posit that CSE would have negative consequences on young learners. This review sought to document the milestones that have defined the institutionalization of CSE by the Kenyan government and to establish the legal policy regimes that have informed the process. It also sought to highlight the barriers that have impeded the process and lastly, it endeavored to suggest ways which these impediments can be overcome. This review was a culmination of systematic analysis of the available literature on sex education in Kenya.

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CURRENT SITUATION AND SOLUTIONS DEVELOPING TEAM OF THE LECTURES IN VIETNAM CURRENT EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Quang Tran Viet , Thanh Nguyen Ho
Published: August 2021

In the context that the fundamental and comprehensive reform of higher education in Vietnam is being promoted, it is becoming increasingly urgent to set requirements for innovation and to develop the team of lecturers, especially when the goal of education is the formation of personality and the development of personal capabilities for learners. With the identification of the teaching staff as the decisive factor for the success of the educational innovation process, the article summarizes and analyzes the current situation of the team of lecturers in higher education institutions in Vietnam today. On that basis, some basic solutions are proposed to develop the teaching staff to meet the tasks in the coming time.

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COMPLIANCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REGULATIONS BY A GOLD MINING COMPANY IN ZAKA DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE - A TRAVESTY OR TRIBUTE TO ENVIRONMENTAL DEMOCRACY AND JUSTICE
Authors: Mutanda Gideon Walter , Murwendo Talent , Sawunyama Lawrence
Published: August 2021

Zimbabwe’s Environmental Management Act has provisions promoting the conduct of environmental impact assessment (EIA) prior to project implementation to protect the environment and environmental rights. Using data collection methods inspired by phenomenological study, this paper discusses if EIA processes by a gold mining company had mainstreamed or marooned ‘access rights’ which are the cornerstone of environmental democracy. While the Zimbabwe’s EIA policy is applauded for covertly mainstreaming environmental democracy, research findings suggest that there exist gaps in the policy framework, policy and practice in promoting comprehensive environmental democracy. EIA processes are done to fulfil legal obligations but with little motivation to protect community interests as participation is symbolic. It is recommended to redesign EIA policy and embed broader attributes of environmental democracy such as locals’ participation in all EIA stages and inclusion of experts on community issues in the EIA review panel to promote fairness, inclusivity, transparency during EIA.

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Narrative Study of Science Teaching Methods and Techniques in the New Normal
Authors: Florungco Jastine Kent , Caballes Dennis G.
Published: August 2021

This study aims to discover the different techniques teachers use in delivering lessons in an online class. Teachers are still adjusting to the effects of the pandemic on the education system, particularly on the delivery of learning online. It was revealed that educators tend to test various techniques in teaching the learners' competencies. Assessments play a key role in dictating the success of these methods, which is why teachers are seemed to be very cautious in conducting quizzes and exams because these may be prone to cheating since it is online nature. On the other hand, the ongoing internet issues still hound the system here in the country.
What Stops the Internationalization of Emerging Market Multinational Corporation (EMNCs): Designing a Strategic Framework for Global Business
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Ahmad Sayed Fayaz , Cavaliere Luigi Pio Leonardo
Published: August 2021

The aim of the study is to formulate strategic guidelines for organizations to achieve successful globalization. The study is mainly focused on organizations for emerging markets or underdeveloped economies that have the capacity to grow globally and capture international market share. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire has been adopted and data was collected from a business market. Regression analysis, Pearson correlation, and descriptive analysis have been applied to collected data. Results of the study reveal that all of the three variables Foreign Regulations (FR), Institution support (IS), and Corporate Strengths and Competencies (CSC) have a positive and significant relationship with corporate globalization. Results of the study may be used for the strategy formulations process for globalization and companies may adopt the results for strategic decision-making.
Salt Water Voices: Listen between the Trauma
Authors: Bonaparte Cindy
Published: August 2021

Salt Water Voices continue Black liberatory pedagogy, healing how we listen between the trauma. Salt Water Voices cleanse the pain of double consciousness and reconciles our internal waters to the power of the Ocean Mother.
Woman as embodiment of nature: A cultural ecofeminist analysis of 'The Last Quarter of the Moon'
Authors: Muhammad Nazir , Hussain Lubna , Ahmadzai Iqbal Khan
Published: August 2021

The paper explores influences of postmodern technologies over the deep-rooted ideological order of the ancient Chinese Evenki tribe in Chi Zijian’s ‘The Last Quarter of the Moon.’ The technological advancement and subsequent cultural transformation resulted in a great imbalance in the ecology of rivers, mountains, and forests and the feminine gender was the recipient of most of the consequences and disparities because of the women’s true spiritual socializing-relationship with nature. The divine embodied bond between women and nature was a source of inspiration and empowerment for the Evenki women. Modern way of life and lust for material progress blinded Evenki vision to the healing powers of nature once witnessed and utilized by their ancestors. The paper critiques the unsettling society of ancient deep-rooted spiritual order of Evanki based on their interdependent relations with spirits, the woman and mother nature. The study subscribes to the theoretical postulates of eco-cultural feminism as theorized by Merchant (2005) and Starhawk (1990). The relationship between woman and nature got destroyed when the world of Evenki shrunk under the spill of postmodern race and evaded by greed for money. The technological advancement and the resultant tempering in nature is a suppression for both women and nature.
EPISTEMOLOGI TASAWUF; DARI CONTEXT OF DISCOVERY KE CONTEXT OF JUSTIFICATION
Authors: Cibro Ramli
Published: August 2021

Dari keseluruhan model ilmu keislaman, tasawuf adalah yang paling luas jangkauan epistemologi dan sekaligus yang paling kontroversi. Keluasan tersebut karena tasawuf mencakup aspek jahir dan aspek batin kehidupan manusia. Bahwa tasawuf juga mengidentifikasi jenis keilmuan yang tidak didapat dari olah fikir atau proses transfer, tetapi melalui olah batin (tazkiat nafs), riyadhah dan mujahadah. Dengan metode diskursus-analisis atas literatur-literatur kesufian, disini ditelaah, model-model epistemologi yang terdapat dalam tasawuf. Hasilnya bahwa tasawuf memiliki keragaman epistemologi, baik dari aspek discovery (jalan suluk), discourse (kontemplatif-filosofis) hingga justification (analisis-filosofis-teologis). Kesemua model epistemologi ini merupakan kesatuan utuh yang membuat tasawuf semakin diminati oleh orang-orang dari berbagai latar dan orientasi.
FANA’ DALAM PANDANGAN ULAMA SUFI: TINJAUAN TERHADAP PEMIKIRAN SUFI SHEIKH HAMZAH FANSURI
Authors: Gunandar Jerri
Published: August 2021

Abstrak

Fana’ menurut disiplin Ilmu Tasawuf ialah lenyap dari sifat manusiawi yang terbelenggu dengan berbagai tuntutan syahwat dan hawa nafsu, hal keadaan tumpuan ingatan hati hanya tenggelam dalam menghayati sifat kesempurnaan dan keagungan Allah SWT. Hal demikian adalah karena fana’ merupakan kesadaran tingkat tinggi dan tumpuan ingatan yang jitu yang hanya tertuju kepada Allah SWT hingga ingatan dan perasaan terhadap perkara lain menjadi tumpul seolah-olah lenyap dari ingatan. Walaupun begitu, dalam wacana pemikiran akidah, banyak ditimbulkan isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan kesalahfahaman dan penyelewengan terhadap institusi tarekat khususnya yang berkaitan dengan konsep fana’. Dengan demikian, artikel ini mencoba mengetengahkan konsep fana’ menurut Sheikh Hamzah Fansuri (w. 1630M) melalui karya beliau untuk meneliti sejauh mana konsep fana yang telah dikemukakan oleh beliau sejalan dengan tokoh sufi Nusantara yang lain dan tokoh-tokoh sufi yang muktabar. Kajian ini menggunakan metode analisis kandungan dengan melihat karya sufi Sheikh Hamzah Fansuri yang berjudul “Asrar al-‘Arifin”. Kajian mendapati bahwa istilah fana’ yang dikemukakan oleh Sheikh Hamzah Fansuri sejalan dengan makna fana’ yang telah dikemukakan oleh tokoh sufi Nusantara seperti Sayyid Abdul Rahman (w. 1917M), Sheikh Abdul Samad al-Falimbani (w. 1788M) dan tokoh sufi lain yang muktabar. Walau bagaimanapun, penggunaan istilahnya agak berbeda dalam memberikan penjelasan tentang pengertian fana’. Di samping itu, Sheikh Hamzah Fansuri dalam karya beliau lebih banyak menekankan perbincangan terhadap aspek eksistensi yang diistilahkan oleh beliau sebagai martabat tujuh. Kajian menyimpulkan bahawa konsep fana’ yang dikemukakan beliau merupakan suatu asas yang penting dalam memahami konsep fana’ yang digunakan oleh penganut tarekat kesufian dalam kalangan masyarakat kini.
Accordance of William Morris Davis Theory with the Landscapes of the Earth Surface
Authors: Khairandish Gulistan , Anwari Shirkhan
Published: August 2021

The natural surface views of the earth's surface are actually like the broken mosaics that formed the earth's crust. The surface of the earth is composed of different views, which is has been existed due to different internal and external forces of the earth's crust, such as destructive operations of the earth's surface, terrestrial operations, orogenic operations, folds, protrusions and number of processes that cause changes in the Earth's crust. The complexities of natural landscapes are greater than the simple buildings and flatness of the surface those collectively introduce the features of the surface. Landscapes are usually better explained by understanding the factors that cause them, because each of the terrestrial landscapes are remnants of various geomorphological factors that cannot be easily identified and need further investigation. William Morris Davis is an American geomorphologist who was the first to offer a general view of the Earth's appearance.
Influence of Covid-19 pandemic on employees’ quality of life in Romania
Authors: Enache Rodica , Sandu Mihaela Luminița , Miloș (Ilie) Constаntinа Alinа , Știrbețiu (Stancu) Maria
Published: August 2021

In this research we describe the quality of life in Romania during the Covid-19 pandemic, factors that impact the Romanian employees’ quality of life. The objective of this paper was to conduct a study on the quality of life of employees in public and private organizations in Romania and how it influenced their motivation and self-esteem during the Covid Pandemic 19.
Superpower Dominance: The Yum Kippur Case
Authors: Soueidan Mohamad Hasan
Published: August 2021

The Yum Kippur War, or as the Egyptians call it The October War, is one of the most important wars in the history of the Middle East between the coalition of Egypt and Syria versus Israel. It occurred at a time when the two superpowers then, the Americans and the Soviet Union, were in engaging in what was called the Cold War. For that every Superpower used to support a certain party of conflict to assure the balance of global dominance isn't affected. This paper reviews American foreign policy during the war in 1973. It concentrates on how the American institutions and foreign policy activists acted and influenced the outcome of the war. The paper finally conducts a counter analysis on what could have happened if the Americans didn’t support the Israelis in the war.
Exploring academic and character strengths in students with sex chromosome aneuploidies
Authors: Thompson Talia , Davis Shanlee , Takamatsu Stephanie , Howell Susan , Tartaglia Nicole
Published: August 2021

Children with sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs) are often characterized in the literature by limitations and pathologies related to the genetic diagnosis. This study aimed to broaden the SCA phenotype by describing parent reported character and academic strengths. Parents of children with SCAs ages 3-21 (N=377) responded to an electronic survey asking them to describe their child’s strengths in academic settings. Responses were coded for strengths-based content and analyzed using a mixed-methods content analysis approach. We identified overarching qualitative themes of Social Strengths and Assets for Learning. Quantitative results showed a pattern of overlapping strengths among the trisomy SCAs (perseverance and love of learning), with some significant differences between children with supernumerary X chromosomes (strengths in kindness) and those with an additional Y chromosome (strengths in curiosity, humor, and teamwork). Suggestions for future strengths-based research and educational practices to address academic, developmental, and psychosocial risks are explored.
LA PÉRDIDA DE OPORTUNIDAD PROCESAL COMO DAÑO INDEMNIZABLE POR EL ESTADO
Authors: COBREROS MENDAZONA EDORTA
Published: August 2021

La pérdida de oportunidad procesal ha sido admitida por la jurisprudencia
entre los conceptos indemnizables. También para el caso de que la
haya originado una indebida actuación de la Administración de Justicia. Pero la
pérdida de oportunidad procesal indemnizable por el Estado presenta algunas especificidades
merecedoras de atención.

Prozesuko aukera galaraztea kitatu beharreko galeratzat jo du
jurisprudentziak. Baita galaraztea justizia-administrazioaren jardun txarraren ondoriozkoa
denean ere. Baina estatuak kitatu beharreko prozesu-aukera galtzeak baditu
bereizgarri batzuk, eta horiexei erreparatuko diegu.

Missing the opportunity to act before courts has been accepted
as covered concepts by case law. Also when an incorrect performance by the
judiciary is the origin. Yet missing the opportunity to act which might be covered
by the State has some specific features which deserve attention.