bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grupos de investigación colaborativa: ventajas e impacto en la investigación quirúrgica, un llamado desde ColombianSurg
Authors: Pineda Castañeda María Alejandra , Arce Polania Laura Cristina , Torregrosa-Almonacid Lilian , Cabrera-Vargas Luis Felipe , Perez Rivera Carlos Jose
Published: June 2021

La medicina basada en la evidencia surge como una estrategia para superar la práctica médica apoyada en la racionalidad fisiopatológica y la experiencia clínica no sistematizada 1. A lo largo de su desarrollo, ha generado la necesidad de adoptar una mayor responsabilidad frente a la investigación, como un aspecto importante del crecimiento profesional médico. Actualmente, se considera una aptitud clave en el desempeño de la medicina, asociada a la capacidad de contribuir a la investigación clínica, en beneficio de la atención del paciente. De hecho, las competencias investigativas, de comprensión y análisis crítico, de las publicaciones médico-científicas, son fundamentales para una buena práctica clínica 2,3.
TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL E ERGONOMIA DA ATIVIDADE: AMPLIANDO AS INTERSECÇÕES E O DIÁLOGO PARA TRANSFORMAR O TRABALHO
Authors: Alonso Carolina Maria do C. , Nogueira Lilian de Fatima Zanoni , Silva Talita Naiara Rossi da
Published: June 2021

Segundo a Associação Internacional de Ergonomia esta disciplina, também conhecida como Fatores Humanos, estuda as relações entre os seres humanos e outros elementos de um sistema sociotécnico. Assim, os profissionais desta área são capacitados para aplicar teorias, dados, métodos e técnicas a projetos que visam otimizar o bem estar humano e a performance global dos sistemas (IEA, 2011).
TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL E PRÁTICAS ARTÍSTICAS COMUNITÁRIAS: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A CULTURA, MEMÓRIA E EDUCAÇÃO PATRIMONIAL
Authors: Mecca Renata Caruso , Rosa Roberta Pereira Furtado da , Dorneles Patrícia Silva
Published: June 2021

A Constituição Federal de 1988 reconhece os direitos culturais como direitos fundamentais de todo cidadão. Pautada nessa afirmativa, pretendemos discutir como a terapia ocupacional pode contribuir para a promoção da cidadania cultural e para a valorização da cultura e da memória de grupos e populações heterogêneas por meio de práticas artísticas comunitárias. Práticas essas que possibilitam evidenciar os modos como esses grupos constroem suas identidades a partir de referências culturais do território e de que maneira participam do reconhecimento destas como patrimônio cultural. Para isso trazemos a experiência de um projeto de extensão interinstitucional que desenvolve ações desde 2018 na região portuária do Rio de Janeiro. Por meio de metodologias de educação patrimonial e de arte-educação de cunho participativo, trabalhamos com a identificação e o compartilhamento das referências culturais presentes nesse território, observando como essas produções contribuem com o fortalecimento de uma rede de cooperação e com o protagonismo cultural dessa população. Ao partirmos da compreensão de cultura em sua tripla dimensão - simbólica, cidadã e econômica (BRASIL, 2013), e no que tange especificamente à dimensão cidadã enquanto um direito social básico, a Constituição Federal de 1988 é um marco. Esta prevê que os direitos culturais “devem ser garantidos com políticas que ampliem o acesso aos meios de produção, difusão e fruição dos bens e serviços de cultura” (BRASIL, 2013, p.17). Em 2010, é criada a Lei nº 12.343 que institui o Plano Nacional de Cultura (PNC) e cria o Sistema Nacional de Informações e Indicadores Culturais (RUBIM, 2007, DORNELES, 2011), afirmando a função do Estado de ampliação e universalização do acesso e apontando para a necessidade de equilibrar a oferta e a demanda cultural a partir do apoio e implantação de equipamentos culturais, assim como o financiamento de sua programação (BRASIL, 2010). Vemos que mesmo antes dessa institucionalização, os direitos culturais já vinham sendo pautados por grupos minoritários que buscavam meios de sobreviver frente ao abandono do Estado em relação às políticas culturais. Ações essas coletivas e comunitárias que se tornaram resistência à cultura hegemônica e a uma visão de cultura como negócio (DORNELES, LOPES, 2016).
GÊNEROS E SEXUALIDADES NA TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL: BASES TEÓRICAS E CONCEITUAIS
Authors: Correia Ricardo Lopes , Monzeli Gustavo Artur , Melo Késia Maria Maximiano de , Júnior Jaime Daniel Leite
Published: June 2021

A expressão/sigla LGBTQIA+ designa pessoas (L) lésbicas, (G) gays, (B) bissexuais, (T) travestis, transgêneras e transexuais, (Q) queers, (I) intersexo, (A) assexuais e (+) outras designações do sexo ao nascer, orientações sexuais e identidades de gênero (SARAIVA, 2015). Para além da sigla, há também pessoas dissidentes de gêneros e sexualidades que são aquelas que performatizam seus corpos cotidianamente borrando a inteligibilidade heterocisnormativa, ou seja, que não cabem, que não se encaixam ou que não querem ser identificadas nos acoplamentos da sigla LGBTQIA+ (CARVALHO, 2015). Seja pela compreensão dos acoplamentos identitários ou das dissidências, o que se observa são questões de gêneros e sexualidades que se articulam e tensionam as compreensões da realidade social. Estas, historicamente convencionadas por valores heterossexuais e cisgêneros compulsórios, que foram e são produzidos pelas colonialidades impostas nos processos jurídico-institucionais do Estado, do saber científico e dos valores religiosos. A compulsoriedade compreende um poder hegemônico da heterossexualidade e da cisgeneridade (BORRILLO, 2010) que disputa, com marcadores sociais da diferença (ZAMBONI, 2014), como raça, idade, localidade, classe social, entre outros, o lugar de dominação social frente a abjeção, vulnerabilidade e extermínio dos sujeitos e quaisquer expressões destes e do universo das coisas que fujam à centralidade da cultura “homem cisgênero branco heterossexual”. Assim, a construção do tecido social, onde as experiências cotidianas se desenrolam, é tensionada e marcada pelas disputas de gêneros e sexualidades. E por isso, passam a ser compreendidas como questões (forças e variáveis) implicadas nas experiências cotidianas em atividades e ocupações dos sujeitos sociais (BRAGA, et al, 2020). Logo, veremos que gêneros e sexualidades são de interesses emergentes para a Terapia Ocupacional alicerçar, de forma crítica, os processos terapêutico-ocupacionais.
TRAJETÓRIA DO SERVIÇO DE TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL NO HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO CLEMENTINO FRAGA FILHO
Authors: Moram Camila Barros de Miranda , Marinho Fernanda de Sousa , Maia Fátima Beatriz , Cazeiro Ana Paula Martins
Published: June 2021

A criação e a implementação do Serviço de Terapia Ocupacional (TO) no Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF) reafirma a importância de diversas práticas de formação profissional no contexto hospitalar. Este capítulo apresentará essa trajetória e contará com uma introdução sobre terapia ocupacional em contextos hospitalares, abordará diferentes contextos de práticas e a necessidade para abertura de campos para as atividades de ensino, pesquisa, extensão e residência na área de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ).
The Principal Leadership in Developing Inclusive Education for Diverse Students
Authors: Setia Shinta , Leng Pwee , Mauliate Yurillah Endah , Ekowati Dian , Ratmawati Dwi
Published: June 2021

Background – Zonasi, a new ‘zoning-based school’ system implemented by the Indonesian government in June 2019 has created a significatnt impact on student enrollment in all public schools across the country. Before June 2019, student enrollment in public schools were based on its schools selection process, mainly academic achievement, whilst for past 2 years (2019 and 2020) students enrollment has been based on “zonasi”, a geographical distance between student’s home and the chosen school. The closer the distance, the bigger chance to get acceptance. As as result, public schools nowadays has more diverse students than before. Purpose - This research aimed to explore leadership practices of secondary public school principal in transforming a regular public school into inclusive public school through the act of leadership practices. The school was acknowledged by local government and communities as one of the successful inclusive public high school in Surabaya.Design/methodology/approach - This research used a qualitative approach within a case study design. The data collection techniques used in this research were interviews, observations, and school documents. Data were collected from the principal, 2 counseling teachers, 2 special education teachers, and head of educational in the district.Findings - The result revealed four principal leadership behaviour to transform regular public school into inclusive public school i.e. (1) changing mindset the teachers and non-academic staffs, (2) promoting inclusive practices within the school through various programs, (3) promoting inclusive practive in teaching-learning process, (4) building connection with parents & local communities, and seeking government support on the innitiatives.Research limitations – This study only investigated one public school, with the involvement of a school principal and 4 teachers. It would be better if the scope of the research could be broader, for example covering elementary and high schools, and involving more participants, such as the vice principal of the curriculum field, students and parents.Originality/value – This study contributes to leadership research in the context of secondary school education, which has undergone a transformation from the previously students tend to be homogeneous because they are based on standardized academic qualification, nowadays students at schools have more diverse social backgrounds as a result of the implementation of the zoning system in Indonesia. The findings of this paper can be used as a tool. a guide for policy makers and educational planners regarding zoning system in Indonesia. Such practices can also be learned, adapted and imitated by other schools.
Guide Wideband Polarizer for Satellite Feeds
Authors: Alibaba Mahmud
Published: June 2021

This article presents the design and characteristics of new broadband polarizer based on a square guide with diaphragms. Matching and polarization characteristics of the guide polarizer have been simulated and optimized. Frequency dependences of the simulated characteristics are presented. Developed square guide polarizer can be applied in modern satellite antennas.
ANALISIS PERKEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN UNTUK DUNIA PENDIDIKAN DAN PERUSAHAAN
Authors: RIZALITAHER ALIF SAUM
Published: June 2021

Perkembangan SIM sangat pesat dalam bidang teknologi sehingga memaksa perusahaan dan pendidikan harus mengngikuti perkembangannya.Tanpa adanya informasi kita tidak mungkin bisa maju melawan zaman yang serba modern ini. sebab itulah SIM sangat penting bagi dunia pendidikan dan perusahaan. Baik dari luar maupun dari dalam.Semua mencangkup hubungan antara satu dengan yang lainnya.Banyaknya tersedia perangkat lunak memudahkan dalam kegiatan pendidikan dan perusahaan.Pada artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis hasil perkembangan SIM dari tahun-ketahun.Diaharapkan dapat menjadi sumber informasi yang baik dan mendukung perkembangan Sistem Informasi Manajemen.
Over-expression of NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1 in human endometrial cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2021

Gynecologic cancers including cancers of the endometrium are a clinical problem (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover genes associated with endometrial cancers by comparing transcriptomes of the normal endometrium and endometrial tumors from humans. We identified NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1, encoded by NME1, as among the most differentially expressed genes, transcriptome-wide, in cancers of the endometrium. NME1 was expressed at significantly higher levels in endometrial tumor tissues as compared to the endometrium. Importantly, in human endometrial cancer, primary tumor expression of NME1 was correlated with overall survival in white patients with high mutational burden. NME1 may be a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of human endometrial cancer.
SELL expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival at time of analysis: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of selectin L, encoded by SELL, when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, SELL expression was significantly correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. SELL may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
MINIMNYA KEINGINAN BELAJAR DIPENGARUHI OLEH MASALAH EKONOMI
Authors: Azizah Nur
Published: June 2021

Pengaruh ekonomi terhadap suatu pendidikan sangatlah besar. Yang mana pada dasarnya pendidikan merupakan harapan yang dapat menunjang suatu proses pengembangan sebuah kehidupan berekonomi, karena pada dasarnya pelaku dari dari kehidupan ekonomi tersebut ialah manusia itu sendiri. Lalu perkembangan sebuah ekonomi juga dapat menunjang terjadinya suatu proses pendidikan yang mana proses tersebut dibutuhkan dalam perkembangan ekonomi. Kehilangan pekerjaan yang merupakan penghasilan untuk biaya hidup sehari-hari dapat menimbulkan kehilangan pendapatan serta menyebabkan ketidakstabilan dalam situasi pada ekonomi hal ini memicu terjadinya kemiskinan. Dalam konteks ini pendidikan tidak hanya bermanfaat untuk perorangan saja dalam suatu rangka meningkatkan ilmu pengetahuan, akan tetapi sebagai sebagai sebuah komunitas dalam menuju kemajuan untuk pencapaian suatu kesejahteraan sosial dan dapat menjadikan perekonomian dinegara menjadi stabil, sedangkan apabila terjadi kegagalan adalam suatu pendidikan akan menciptakan berbagai macam masalah. Dari sini kita dapat berkaca atau berpandangan pada negara yang maju, karena negara yang maju lebih mengutamakan pendidikan untuk menghasilkan sumber daya manusia yang maju serta berkualitas.
What Happened to MSMEs During the Pandemic?
Authors: Suharsono Andrea Anne
Published: June 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic causes a huge impact to global economy including people’s income and purchasing power. This has brought deflation which triggered by falling prices in several sectors. Some of the biggest affected sectors are food, beverages and also transportation. With this pandemic that affects in both microeconomics and macroeconomics, government should take control so that Covid-19 cases can be minimalized and gain public trust for economic recovery.
Timing of Martian Core Formation from Models of Hf–W Evolution Coupled with N-body Simulations
Authors: Brennan Matthew , Fischer Rebecca , Nimmo Francis , O'Brien David
Published: June 2021

Determining how and when Mars formed has been a long-standing challenge for planetary scientists. The size and orbit of Mars are difficult to reproduce in classical simulations of planetary accretion, and this has inspired models of inner solar system evolution that are tuned to produce Mars-like planets. However, such models are not always coupled to geochemical constraints. Analyses of Martian meteorites using the extinct hafnium–tungsten (Hf–W) radioisotopic system, which is sensitive to the timing of core formation, have indicated that the Martian core formed within a few million years of the start of the solar system itself. This has been interpreted to suggest that, unlike Earth’s protracted accretion, Mars grew to its modern size very rapidly. These arguments, however, generally rely on simplified growth histories for Mars. Here, we combine likely accretionary histories from a large number of N-body simulations with calculations of metal–silicate partitioning and Hf–W isotopic evolution during core formation to constrain the range of conditions that could have produced Mars. We find that there is no strong correlation between the final masses or orbits of simulated Martian analogs and their 182W anomalies, and that it is readily possible to produce Mars-like Hf–W isotopic compositions for a variety of accretionary conditions. The Hf–W signature of Mars is very sensitive to the oxygen fugacity (fO2) of accreted material because the metal–silicate partitioning behavior of W is strongly dependent on redox conditions. The average fO2 of Martian building blocks must fall in the range of 1.3–1.6 log units below the iron–wüstite buffer to produce a Martian mantle with the observed Hf/W ratio. Other geochemical properties (such as sulfur content) also influence Martian 182W signatures, but the timing of accretion is a more important control. We find that while Mars must have accreted most of its mass within ~5 million years of solar system formation to reproduce the Hf–W isotopic constraints, it may have continued growing afterwards for over 50 million years. There is a high probability of simultaneously matching the orbit, mass, and Hf–W signature of Mars even in cases of prolonged accretion if giant impactor cores were poorly equilibrated and merged directly with the proto-Martian core.
Improving Sleep Quality Leads to Better Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Scott Alexander J , Webb Thomas Llewelyn , James Marrissa Martyn-St , Rowse Georgina , Weich Scott
Published: June 2021

The extent to which sleep is causally related to mental health is unclear. One way to test the causal link is to evaluate the extent to which interventions that improve sleep quality also improve mental health. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials that reported the effects of an intervention that improved sleep on composite mental health, as well as on seven specific mental health difficulties. 65 trials comprising 72 interventions and N = 8,608 participants were included. Improving sleep led to a significant medium-sized effect on composite mental health (g+ = -0.53), depression (g+ = -0.63), anxiety (g+ = -0.51), and rumination (g+ = -0.49), as well as significant small-to-medium sized effects on stress (g+ = -0.42), and finally small significant effects on positive psychosis symptoms (g+ = -0.26). We also found a dose response relationship, in that greater improvements in sleep quality led to greater improvements in mental health. Our findings suggest that sleep is causally related to the experience of mental health difficulties. Future research might consider how interventions that improve sleep could be incorporated into mental health services, as well as the mechanisms of action that explain how sleep exerts an effect on mental health.
The interdependence between political institutions and economic growth
Authors: Parma Roman
Published: June 2021

The article concerns on the correlations between the changes in political institutions and the dynamics of economic growth. This controversial issue is a stumbling block in extensive research due to the clash of two large theories of social development in political science: democratization and modernization. The theory of democratization is based on the primacy of civic values, while the theory of modernization gives priority to the efficiency of economic development. The author defines the conceptual positions of the researchers: “democracy promotes growth”, “democracy does not promote growth”, “growth promotes democracy”, and “growth does not promote democracy”. The dominant position “democracy promotes economic growth” is driven by the values of liberal ideology and the notion of a free market. The opposing position “democracy does not contribute to economic growth” proceeds from the weak possibilities of the established liberal order to mobilize resources for solving the state development problems. The modernization position “economic growth contributes to democracy” is dictated by the change in the value attitudes of citizens as they achieve prosperity. The alternative position “economic growth is not conducive to democracy” is supported by countries with authoritarian regimes with weak potential of development. The author comes to the conclusion about the possibilities of multivariate construction of political institutions to ensure economic growth, based on the endogenous and exogenous development factors in any countries.
Institutional solutions for sectarian conflicts in the Middle East in the context of imperial legacy
Authors: Kudryashova Irina , Kozintsev Alexander
Published: June 2021

The article focuses on the nature of sectarian conflicts in the Middle East as well as ways to resolve this and possible transformations. We assume that the rising level of ethnic confrontation stems from the disruption of governance regimes established during the Ottoman Empire. Hence, the research question states as follows: are there any ways to use the imperial practices of ethnocultural diversity management as the institutional framework for the resolution of current sectarian conflicts? By applying a structural functional approach, we identify the political space of the late Ottoman Empire, its main elements and constellation. We show that the process of statebuilding in the Middle East resulted in the decay of social ties between local communities and the increase of ethnic violence. These claims are confirmed by comparative analysis of a number of conflicts. It is found that the institutional framework for conflict resolution in Arab states should be based on political devolution and powerdividing agreements. This allows to reset inactive imperial practices in order to mitigate violence and enhance legitimacy. We point out that among the various reforms designed to achieve harmonization of formal and informal political institutions are federalization, non-territorial autonomy, consociationalism and local governance.
Monitoramento de Drosophila suzukii e Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) e sua resposta em testes de atratividade por leveduras
Authors:   , Bulgarelli Carla Andressa
Published: June 2021

As espécies invasivas como os drosofilídeos Drosophila suzukii e Zaprionus indianus, afetam diferentes culturas no Brasil. Com isso objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a associação destas moscas com diferentes leveduras em ensaios no campo e monitorar a abundância relativa das espécies no total de drosofilídeos coletados em locais com variada antropização, a saber: CEASA – Campinas (alta antropização); Pedra Branca – Campinas (média antropização); Frutopia – São Bento do Sapucaí e NPMSBS – São Bento do Sapucaí (média antropização), Pindamonhangaba (baixa antropização). Em paralelo, foram feitos experimentos para verificar a atratividade de iscas com duas espécies de leveduras (Hanseniaspora uvarum e Saccharomyces cerevisiae) para Z.indianus e D. suzukii. Deste modo, caracterizaram-se variações na abundância relativa das espécies, buscando correlações com variáveis abióticas (temperatura) e bióticas (espécies de fermento associadas).
Measure by Measure and Other Political Satires from New Brunswick
Authors: Smith Mary Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

The tradition of political satire in dramatic form was strong in New Brunswick from the Loyalist era up to the third quarter of the nineteenth century. Measure by Measure , concerned with a controversial non-sectarian school bill, is the last of a group of satires published in The New Dominion and True Humorist between 1866 and 1871. Two others, 'The Government in Session' and 'Northumbria', deal with different aspects of alleged government corruption.
Why Can’t Duddy Go Home Again?
Authors: Lynch Gerald
Published: June 2021

In the continuum of Canadian comic fictions reaching back to the early nineteenth century, in the academic context of its study, The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz is Mordecai Richler’s most important novel. That tradition contains three towering figures, their authors’ signature characters: Thomas Chandler Haliburton’s Sam Slick in The Clockmaker of 1836, Stephen Leacock’s Josh Smith in Sunshine Sketches of a Little Town of 1912, and Richler’s Duddy Kravitz of 1959. All three come to troublesome and troubling ends. In the final pages of Duddy Kravitz, things fall apart badly for Duddy. He has betrayed his surrogate family, comprising Yvette and Virgil, and refuses to go home in the family car. Regarding the refusal, neither Duddy nor the narrator answers father Max’s pointed “Why?” “Never mind why,” says Duddy. This essay minds why. It answers that Duddy may well have been planning to go back to Yvette for one more try at reconciliation, which would have been a momentous event. But he is distracted by a waiter’s offering to run a tab for him, thereby recognizing Duddy’s material success. Had Duddy gone home to Yvette and his only hope of return to true family, the novel would have ended comically rather than tragically. As it is, Duddy Kravitz is left slouching towards his useless old home with his hopeless family, homeless.
Pengaruh Dana Desa dalam Mengentaskan Kemiskinan Penduduk Desa
Authors: Bukhari Eri
Published: June 2021

Abstract

 

Poverty is synonymous with deficiency and underdevelopment. The current phenomenon is the increasingly rapid flow of urbanization from villages to cities which results in the number of rural residents decreasing, even now, the number is less when compared to the population in urban areas. The result of urbanization has left a group of poor people living in the village, thus statistically increasing the number of poor people in rural areas beyond the number of poor people in urban areas. One of the government's efforts to overcome this problem is the provision of Village Funds, which have been budgeted through the State Budget since 2015. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Village Fund program is sufficiently influential in efforts to alleviate poverty, especially for villagers. The variables used are the amount of village funds and the number of rural poor. The research method used is explanatory research, namely quantitative research using secondary data in the form of village fund reports and data on the rural poor in 2015-2019. In addition, this study uses the SPSS 25 statistical tool. The results of this study indicate that the number of rural poor people can be affected by village funds budgeted in the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget, namely the provision of village funds has a significant negative effect. In other words, the program can reduce the number of rural poor people.

 

Keywords: Urbanization, Poverty, Village Fund

 

 

Abstrak

 

Kemiskinan identik dengan kekurangan dan keterbelakangan. Fenomena yang ada sekarang ini adalah semakin derasnya arus urbanisasi dari desa ke kota yang mengakibatkan jumlah penduduk desa berkurang, bahkan saat ini jumlahnya lebih sedikit jika dibandingkan dengan jumlah penduduk di wilayah perkotaan.  Akibat dari urbanisasi ini meninggalkan sekelompok penduduk miskin yang tetap bermukim di desa, sehingga secara statistik menaikkan jumlah penduduk miskin di wilayah pedesaan melebihi jumlah penduduk miskin di wilayah perkotaan. Salah satu usaha pemerintah mengatasi masalah ini adalah pemberian Dana Desa, yang mulai dianggarkan melalui APBN sejak tahun 2015. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah program Dana Desa cukup berpengaruh dalam usaha   mengentaskan kemiskinan khususnya bagi penduduk desa. Variabel yang gunakan adalah jumlah dana desa dan jumlah penduduk miskin pedesaan. Metode penetitian yang digunakan adalah explanatory research yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan dana desa dan data penduduk miskin pedesaan tahun 2015-2019. Selain itu penelitian ini menggunakan alat statistik SPSS 25.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penduduk miskin pedesaan dapat dipengaruhi oleh dana desa yang dianggarkan dalam Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara, yaitu pemberian dana desa berpengaruh negatif signifikan. Dengan kata lain program tersebut dapat mengurangi jumlah penduduk miskin pedesaan.

 

Kata kunci: Urbanisasi, Kemiskinan, Dana Desa
EFFECT OF THE ESTER ON THE RESISTANCE OF ISOPARAFFIN OILS THICKENED WITH ESTER THICKENERS TO MECHANICAL DEGRADATION
Authors: Bagdasarov L. , Mikhailov E.
Published: June 2021

This article examines the effect of esters on the resistance to mechanical degradation of ester thickeners as viscosity modifiers in thickened isoparaffin oils. The main reason for triggering such engine oils is the destruction of the thickener. The introduction of the ester should increase the polymer's resistance to rupture when passing through mechanisms with small gaps – gear oil pumps, in the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine. Also, esters with long alkyl chains should increase the solubility of polar thickeners in low-polar base oils, which can expand the application ranges of such thickeners and increase the resistance of thickened oils to low temperature-to eliminate the precipitation of the thickener at low temperatures. Depending on the thickening capacity of the viscosity modifier, its application may allow the production of motor oils with an extended service life in the entire range of viscosities of commercial oils according to SAE J300.
HYDROGRAPHIC RESEARCH IN TURKESTAN BY RUSSIAN EMPIRE: GOALS AND METHODS.
Authors: Hakimova S.
Published: June 2021

The article provides general concepts of hydrographic research in Turkestan, which was began in the 19th century and for geostrategic reasons were carried out mainly by the Russian Empire. The author reveals the military-strategic, socio-economic, scientific and practical nature of the objectives of these studies. In particular, the results of hydrographic research served to conquer territory of Central Asia, establish navigation in the Aral Sea, Amu Darya and Syr Darya, exert political pressure on the Bukhara Emirate and the Khiva Khanate, expand irrigated lands in Turkestan, develop cotton growing, carry out resettlement policy, design water facilities, replenishment geographic data about the region. 

It is noteworthy that hydrographic expeditions collected information not only in this area, but also of a historical, ethnographic, economic and statistical nature. Also, the article discusses the scientific methods of conducting such research, the establishment of continuous hydrometric works and through archival materials it is substantiated that this area was of great practical importance, as evidenced by the annual increase in its funding. The importance of hydrographic research for the formation of hydrological science in Turkestan and for the further development of irrigation and water supply in the region is revealed.
La construcción del pensamiento metafísico: algunos apuntes para su estudio
Authors: Martínez Sánchez Rigoberto
Published: June 2021

Para obtener un conocimiento integral de todo lo existente, habría que reunir en un sistema único todos los resultados obtenidos por las ciencias particulares. Pero cuando intentamos comparar dichos resultados comprobamos que, acerca de un mismo hecho, existen muy diversas y contradicciones explicaciones. Así, por ejemplo, para el físico, todos los fenómenos que ocurren en el mundo material se deben a transformaciones de la energía: el trabajo mecánico puede convertirse en calor, en luz o en electricidad. Esto es, que se pasa de una forma de la energía a otra. Para el físico todas las transformaciones que ocurren en la materia bruta se deben únicamente a un juego mecánico, al movimiento, es decir, a un desplazamiento de los átomos y moléculas en el espacio. Esta explicación para los fenómenos del mundo físico aparece inteligible por su simplicidad. Pero lo que resulta difícil de comprender, lo que constituye un problema bastante arduo es la interpretación y explicación de los fenómenos del mundo espiritual y sus relaciones con el mundo material. Hay que explicar, por ejemplo, la influencia del cuerpo sobre el espíritu, y viceversa; la acción de nuestra voluntad sobre nuestros miembros; la sensación de dolor a consecuencia de un pinchazo, y todos los demás fenómenos de conciencia, en primer lugar el del pensamiento.
Hobbes y Wittgenstein: una concepción ‘naturalista’ del lenguaje (ordinario) y su dimensión social consecuente
Authors: Márquez Cabrera Manuel de Jesús
Published: June 2021

En este ensayo trataré de esbozar, de manera muy breve y lo más conciso que sea posible, un cierto paralelismo que creo existente entre las filosofías del lenguaje (ordinario) de Ludwig Wittgenstein, particularmente en el marco de lo que es conocido en la literatura filosófica como su “segunda filosofía” o “filosofía tardía” y las reflexiones que T. Hobbes dedica al lenguaje en el marco de su propia perspectiva mecánico-materialista acerca de la realidad en general, la cual incluye al hombre mismo con un peso tradicionalmente importante, como siendo este “el actor principal” en el escenario de dicha realidad material (físico-natural). De manera que, si estoy en lo correcto, creo que en dicho paralelismo entre esas filosofías de lenguaje, es posible encontrar un sustento que podríamos calificar, sino de importante, al menos si de ‘sólido’, el cual funcione para desarrollar una cierta perspectiva comparativa entre la explicación de Hobbes acerca de lo que considera como el llamado “artificio del lenguaje” y la famosa explicación acerca del “lenguaje ordinario” en la filosofía tardía o ultima de Wittgenstein. Lo anterior es expresado con la finalidad de encontrar una explicación que ayude a conectar dichas concepciones filosóficas distintas para explicar, justamente, ¿cómo es posible que el llamado “artificio del lenguaje”, desde esta perspectiva naturalista, nos ayude a construir ciertas estructuras sociales ordenadas?
Modelo educativo en las instituciones de educación superior (IES), una aproximación conceptual
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, López Gutiérrez Yanett Fabiola
Published: June 2021

El escrito es parte de la investigación de tesis doctoral “Experiencias de profesores universitarios en el diseño de dos planes de estudio por competencias”; en el presente artículo se analiza el significado polisémico del concepto Modelo Educativo (ME), determinando un concepto pertinente para la ejecución de la investigación, de la misma forma se visualiza una panorámica de los tipos de Modelos Educativos a manera de otorgar elementos para la distinción, dando paso a la explicación del Modelo Educativo basado en el enfoque por competencias, el cual hoy en día son diversos los países que lo han considerado debido a que se presenta como un paradigma de la educación del Siglo XXI. Sin embargo, para acercarnos a lo relacionado con el ME, en primer momento del documento se describe el proceso por el cual ha transitado la educación para su reconocimiento en la sociedad.
Reflexiones y propuestas en torno a la evaluación del desempeño docente. Experiencias de evaluadores certificados
Authors:   Secretaría de Educación Chiapas, Morales Soto José Alejandro , Pérez Trujillo Alma Rosa ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo surge de la investigación titulada “Experiencias de docentes evaluadores certificados. Análisis de la evaluación del desempeño en México”. El objetivo de este texto es presentar las propuestas de los evaluadores certificados sobre las mejoras hacia una evaluación docente, entendiéndola como un proceso necesario para fortalecer el Sistema Educativo Mexicano. Las reflexiones que se presentan aquí giran en torno a tres categorías: ¿Quién debe evaluar a los maestros? ¿Qué se debe evaluar? Y ¿Con que instrumentos evaluar?, producto de las reflexiones y experiencias de los evaluadores entrevistados.
Improvements in physical functionality in elderly patients with spinal deformity after corrective fusion surgery: a gait analysis
Authors: Arima Hideyuki , Yamato Yu , Hasegawa Tomohiko , Togawa Daisuke , Yoshida Go , Yasuda Tatsuya , Banno Tomohiro , Oe Shin , Ushirozako Hiroki , Yamada Tomohiro , Watanabe Yuh , Ide Koichiro , Matsuyama Yukihiro
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

Extensive corrective fusion surgery was performed on elderly patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) to improve abnormal posture. Varying improvements in postoperative walking function were expected owing to differences in muscular strength and bone quality between patients in their 40s and those over 75 years of age. The purpose of this study was to compare preoperative and postoperative gait posture and physical functionality in elderly patients with ASD who underwent extensive corrective fusion to the thoracic spine.

METHODS

A prospectively maintained surgical database was reviewed for patients with ASD who underwent corrective fusion surgery (thoracic spine to pelvis) between 2011 and 2016. The cohort was divided into three age groups: nonelderly (40–64 years), young-old (65–74 years), and old-old (> 75 years). Patients underwent a 4-m walk test preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively to measure gait-trunk tilt angle and walking speed (meters per minute).

RESULTS

Among 291 patients with ASD who underwent corrective fusion surgery, 56 patients (14 men and 42 women; mean age 68.8 years) were included. Mean preoperative gait-trunk tilt angle (12.9° vs 5.2°, p < 0.01) and walking speed (41.2 m/min vs 45.7 m/min, p < 0.01) significantly improved postoperatively. Intergroup analysis revealed that the mean preoperative gait-trunk tilt angles in the nonelderly (n = 13), young-old (n = 28), and old-old (n = 15) groups were 11.9°, 10.0°, and 19.3°, respectively; postoperatively, these improved to 4.5°, 4.5°, and 7.2°, respectively. Mean preoperative walking speeds of 47.9, 40.0, and 37.7 m/min improved to 52.4, 44.8, and 41.5 m/min postoperatively in the nonelderly, young-old, and old-old groups, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in degree of improvement in gait-trunk tilt angle and walking speed among groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Extensive corrective fusion surgery improved the postoperative walking posture of patients with ASD. Statistical analysis of gait measurements demonstrated intergroup equivalence, indicating comparable improvement in physical functionality in elderly and middle-aged patients after corrective fusion surgery.
Admission trends in pediatric isolated linear skull fracture across the United States
Authors: Tang Alan R. , Reynolds Rebecca A. , Dallas Jonathan , Chen Heidi , Vance E. Haley , Bonfield Christopher M. , Shannon Chevis N.
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

Pediatric isolated linear skull fractures commonly result from head trauma and rarely require surgery, yet patients are often admitted to the hospital—a costly care plan. In this study, the authors utilized a national database to investigate trends in admission for skull fractures across the United States.

METHODS

Children younger than 18 years with isolated linear skull fracture, according to ICD-9 diagnosis codes in the Kids’ Inpatient Database of the Healthcare and Utilization Project (HCUP), who presented between 2003 and 2016 were included. HCUP collected data in 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012, and 2016. Children with a depressed skull fracture, multiple traumatic injuries, and acute intracranial findings were excluded. Sample-level data were translated into population-level data by using an HCUP-specific discharge weight.

RESULTS

Overall, 11,355 patients (64% males) were admitted to 1605 hospitals. National admissions decreased from 3053 patients in 2003 to 1203 in 2016. The mean ± SD age at admission also decreased from 6.3 ± 5.9 years to 1.2 ± 3.0 years (p < 0.001). The proportion of patients in the lowest quartile of median household income increased by 9%, while that in the highest income quartile decreased by 7% (p < 0.001). Admission was generally more common in the summer months (June, July, and August) and on weekdays (68%). The mean ± SD hospital length of stay decreased from 2.0 ± 3.1 days to 1.4 ± 1.4 days between 2003 and 2012, and then increased to 2.1 ± 6.8 days in 2016 (p < 0.001). When adjusted for inflation, the mean total hospital charges increased from $13,099 to $21,204 (p < 0.001). The greatest proportion of admissions was in the South (35%), and the lowest was in the Northeast (17%). The proportion of patients admitted to large hospitals increased (59% to 72%, p < 0.001), which corresponded to a decrease in patients admitted to small hospitals (16% to 9%, p < 0.001). Overall, the total proportion of admissions to rural hospitals decreased by 6%, and that to urban teaching centers increased by 15% (p < 0.001). Since 2003, no child has undergone a neurosurgical procedure or died as an inpatient.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified a general nationwide decrease in admissions for pediatric linear isolated skull fracture, but associated costs increased. Admissions became less common at smaller rural hospitals and more common at larger urban teaching hospitals. This patient population required no inpatient neurosurgical intervention after 2003.
Evaluasi Penggunaan JPO di Kecamatan Widang Tuban Jawa Timur
Authors: Sugiyanto Sugiyanto
Published: June 2021

Lokasi yang menjadi obyek penelitian adalah di Jembatan Penyeberangan Orang (JPO) yang terdapat di Kecamatan Widang, tepatnya di Jalan Raya Widang KM 30 Tuban Jawa Timur. JPO tersebut melintas di atas jalan raya yang tergolong dalam kategori jalan nasional, dimana jalan tersebut diperuntukkan untuk pengguna jalan yang menempuh perjalanan jarak jauh dan dengan kecepatan tinggi. Jalan Raya Widang yang merupakan kategori jalan nasional merupakan jalan arteri dan kolektor dalam sistem jaringan primer yang menghubungkan ibukota propinsi, jalan strategis nasional, dan jalan tol. Rata-rata volume kendaraan yang melintas di tempat obyek penelitian baik pada hari biasa, maupun hari akhir pekan di atas 1.500 kendaraan/jam. Jumlah kendaraan yang melintas tersebut terdiri dari jenis kendaraan tak bermotor dengan persentase 2%, jenis kendaraan sepeda motor dengan persentase 35%, jenis kendaraan ringan dengan persentase 34%, dan jenis kendaraan berat dengan persentase 29%. Berdasarkan atas Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga tentang Tata Cara Perencanaan Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki di Kawasan Perkotaan sudah memenuhi syarat penyediaan fasilitas tipe Jembatan Penyeberangan Orang (JPO). JPO merupakan fasilitas penyeberangan yang diperuntukkan bagi pejalan kaki untuk melakukan aktifitas penyeberangan jalan, dimana pada JPO tidak ada pertemuan sebidang antara arus pejalan kaki dengan arus lalu lintas, sehingga sangat aman dan tidak menyebabkan tundaan lalu lintas/kemacetan. Berdasarkan atas perhitungan Time headway diperoleh hasil kurang dari 2.5 kendaraan/detik , dengan demikian arus lalu lintas kendaraan pada tempat obyek penelitian masuk dalam kategori kepadatan tinggi dan juga memenuhi persyaratan adanya fasilitas jembatan penyeberangan orang (JPO). Pada pengamatan volume pejalan kaki yang melakukan aktifitas penyeberangan di tempat penelitian, diperoleh dari penjumlahan pejalan kaki yang menggunakan JPO dan tidak menggunakan JPO memenuhi 93,2% dari batasan Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga tentang Tata Cara Perencanaan Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki di Kawasan Perkotaan, sehingga adanya fasilitas Jembatan Penyeberangan Orang (JPO) di lokasi tersebut sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Berdasarkan atas penelitian ini diketahui bahwa hanya 40% pejalan kaki yang menyeberang jalan menggunakan JPO, sehingga ditinjau dari efektifitas penggunaan JPO tergolong tidak efektif dan berdasarkan tingkat pemanfaatannya juga masuk dalam kategoti tidak bermanfaat. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara/kuesioner terhadap responden yang melakukan penyeberangan diperoleh 57% mengaku malas menggunakan JPO karena jarak bertambah jauh, 30% karena malas ketinggian, 10% karena kondisi bertambah panas, dan hanya 10% yang mengatakan lokasi tidak cocok.

Kata Kunci: JPO, Kepadatan kendaraan, Time headway, dan Pejalan kaki.
SISTEM PENGANGKUTAN SAMPAH DI TPA BUKIT PINANG KOTA SAMARINDA DENGAN HAULED CONTAINER SYSTEM
Authors: Agustina Fitriyati , Yatnikasari Santi , Zulkarnain Isnaini , Pitoyo Pitoyo , Asnan Muhammad Noor
Published: June 2021

Garbage collecting and transporting operations are complex and complicated, high traffic congestion and distant mileage cause the transport of waste to become obstructed. The purpose of this research is to know the number of waste time and estimate the need of garbage transport until 2028 in Samarinda. In this study used the time series method with hauled container system as a reference in formulate problems in the garbage transport system. Sampling at the research in the garbage disposal in Samarinda Ulu district of Samarinda city. The data used is population data, area density, number of heads of family, travel time of garbage transportation, mileage, growth rate in each sub-district in Samarinda. The district with many inhabitants is the district of Samarinda Ulu 143,908 inhabitants, 28,781 family head and the closest area of Bukit Pinang landfill with a mileage of about 3.2 km. The need for garbage transport vehicles from 2019 to 2028 is increasing due to the development of population in Samarinda. The analysis gained the need for the city of Samarinda in 2028 a number of 65 and the need for Samarinda Ulu Sub-district as the point of research, 16 cargo/day Truck required 4 units with estimated Timmoon garbage 508,948 m3/day with a distance 3.2 km.

Keywords:Garbage, garbage transport, garbage transportation, garbage carrying system
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI SMS GATEWAY UNTUK ANGGOTA SPP PNPM MANDIRI PERDESAAN MALAI V SUKU PARIAMAN BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Nelfira Nelfira , Apriyanto Tri , Elizamiharti Elizamiharti , Icanarwita Icanarwita
Published: June 2021

Abstract : Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Perdesaan (PNPM) Malai V Suku pada kelompok SPP (Simpan Pinjam Perempuan) adalah suatu program simpan pinjam khusus bagi kaum perempuan di Pariaman. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mirta penyampaian informasi kepada anggora, rapat, pengingat jatuh tempo pembayaran simpan Pinjam Perempuan masih secara manual, hanya melalui telepon, pemberitahuan secara langsung, dan pemberitahuan melalui surat undangan, sehingga cara ini tidak efektif dan menimbulkan biaya tambahan. Selain itu juga sering terjadi keterlambatan dalam membayar angsuran tiap bulanya, dan berdampak kepada bendahara kelompok yang mengakibatkan keterlambatan bendahara mengirim laporan keuangan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut perlu diciptakan sebuah aplikasi seperti pemanfaatan SMS Gateway untuk mempermudah PNPM Mandiri perdesaan dalam menyampaikan informasi. Dan dalam Perancangan sistem ini menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, perangkat lunak gammu dan database MySQL, dan metode pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) dengan model air terjun (waterfall) yang sesuai dengan waktu dan sesuai kebutuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun sebuah aplikasi yang bisa membantu mempermudah dalam proses penyampaian informasi kepada anggota meningkatkan kinerja serta mengangkat citra dan nama baik instansi.
PENGENDALIAN PELAKSANAAN PROYEK DITINJAU DARI SEGI WAKTU PADA GEDUNG RRC DI PROYEK REKONTRUKSI DAN PENINGKATAN UNP
Authors: Nasrul Nasrul , Astuti Rosi Maida
Published: June 2021

To monitor and control the timing of the project needs to use one method that meets these goals is a network (network planning) concept of the value of the results ( earned value concept) in the form of a schedule of integrated (schedule variance ), which consists of three indicators , namely BCWS , BCWP , and ACWP , Research procedure begins with a feasibility study case , collecting data , and analyzing the results from the available data.