bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular evidence and ecological niche modeling reveal an extensive hybrid zone among three Bursera species (section Bullockia)
Authors: Quintero Melecio Eduardo , Rico Yessica , Lira Noriega Andrés , González Rodríguez Antonio
Published: November 2021

The genusBursera, includes ~100 shrub and trees species in tropical dry forests with its center of diversification and endemism in Mexico. Morphologically intermediate individuals have commonly been observed in MexicanBurserain areas where closely related species coexist. These individuals are assumed to result from interspecific hybridization, but no molecular evidence has supported their hybrid origins. This study aimed to investigate the existence of interspecific hybridization among three MexicanBurseraspecies (Bullockiasection:B.cuneata,B.palmeriandB.bipinnata) from nine populations based on DNA sequences (three nuclear and four chloroplast regions) and ecological niche modeling for three past and two future scenario projections. Results from the only two polymorphic nuclear regions (PEPC, ETS) supported the hybrid origin of morphologically intermediate individuals and revealed thatB.cuneataandB.bipinnataare the parental species that are genetically closer to the putative hybrids. Ecological niche modeling accurately predicted the occurrence of putative hybrid populations and showed a potential hybrid zone extending in a larger area (74,000 km2) than previously thought. Paleo-reconstructions showed a potential hybrid zone existing from the Last Glacial Maximum (~ 21 kya) that has increased since the late Holocene to the present. Future ecological niche projections show an increment of suitability of the potential hybrid zone for 2050 and 2070 relative to the present. Hybrid zone changes responded mostly to an increase in elevational ranges. Our study provides the first insight of an extensive hybrid zone among three MexicanBurseraspecies based on molecular data and ecological niche modeling.
Sexual and gender minority identity in undergraduate medical education: Impact on experience and career trajectory
Authors: Madrigal Josef , Rudasill Sarah , Tran Zachary , Bergman Jonathan , Benharash Peyman
Published: November 2021

Introduction

The wellbeing of sexual and gender minority (SGM) medical students and the impact of their experiences on career trajectory remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to characterize the incidence of mistreatment in SGM trainees as well as general perspectives on the acceptance of SGM individuals across medical and surgical specialties.

Methods

This was a cross sectional survey study of all actively enrolled medical students within the six University of California campuses conducted in March 2021. An online, survey tool captured incidence of bullying, discrimination, and suicidal ideation as well as perceived acceptance of SGM identities across specialties measured by slider scale. Differences between SGM and non-SGM respondents were assessed with two-tailed and chi-square tests. Qualitative responses were evaluated utilizing a multi-stage, cutting-and-sorting technique.

Results

Of approximately 3,205 students eligible for participation, 383 submitted completed surveys, representing a response rate of 12.0%. Of these respondents, 26.9% (n = 103) identified as a sexual or gender minority. Overall, SGM trainees reported higher slider scale scores when asked about being bullied by other students (20.0 vs. 13.9, P = 0.012) and contemplating suicide (14.8 vs. 8.8, P = 0.005). Compared to all other specialties, general surgery and surgical subspecialties had the lowest mean slider scale score (52.8) in perceived acceptance of SGM identities (All P < 0.001). In qualitative responses, students frequently cited lack of diversity as contributing to this perception. Additionally, 67.0% of SGM students had concerns that disclosure of identity would affect their future career with 18.5% planning to not disclose during the residency application process.

Conclusions

Overall, SGM respondents reported higher incidences of bullying and suicidal ideation as well as increased self-censorship stemming from concerns regarding career advancement, most prominently in surgery. To address such barriers, institutions must actively promote diversity in sexual preference and gender identity regardless of specialty.
Lecture empathique et trauma de la guerre d’Algérie chez Assia Djebar, Boualem Sansal et Leila Sebbar
Authors: Husung Kirsten
Published: November 2021

This article analyses the narrative processes and literary strategies that seek to engender the reader’s empathy for the main characters in three Francophone texts that depict the trauma of the Algerian War of independence. Each text starts from a real event by intertwining historical facts and the present with fiction, allowing for a better understanding of the postcolonial situation. These expectations are reinforced by Djebar’s and Sansal’s paratexts. Drawing on the theories of Suzanne Keen and Fritz Breithaupt empathy can especially be favoured by internal focalization, the characters’ empathic interpersonal relationships as well as polyphony. The imaginative construction of the other is emphasized as necessary, while the detailed description of historical facts may rather provoke feelings of pity. A fortiori, empathy can decline or be blocked in the passages, which go against the moral convictions of the reader. This imaginative resistance is due to the fact that these passages concern reality and not fiction
A Investigação e a Escrita: Publicar sem Perecer
Authors: Sequeiros Paula , Carvalho Maria José , Capinha Graça
Published: November 2021

A Investigação e a Escrita: Publicar sem Perecer é uma coletânea publicada em Português, a partir de uma experiência de cinco anos de formação avançada extracurricular (Publicar sem Perecer: Sobreviver ao Turbilhão), em literacia da informação, escrita e publicação científica. Esta é uma reflexão e uma problematização do que deve ser o papel da ciência num contexto que, cada vez mais, parece querer reproduzir na academia o mercantilismo de índole neoliberal. Aqui se lê a colaboração de autorias nacionais e internacionais que consideram uma diversidade de campos teóricos e empíricos sobre o fenómeno. Esta obra pretende ser um contributo para identificar e questionar os problemas daí resultantes, tentando apontar algumas soluções para o mal-estar crescente que se vive no mundo académico.
Study to Assess Nutritional Status, Health Problems and Psychosocial Behaviour of Adolescents in Central India
Authors: Marskole Priyesh , Bhagora Rinku , Yadav Rashmi , Parmar Sachin , Parihar Leena
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND Adolescence is the period between the onset of puberty and the cessation of physical growth roughly from 11 to 19 years of age. Adolescence vacillates between being children and being an adult. They are adjusting to the physiologic changes their bodies are undergoing and are working to establish sexual identification and use these changes for their benefit as well as that of the society. The objectives of the study were to assess the socio-demographic characteristics of boys, various adolescent health problems, explore the nutritional status of children through B.M.I and psycho-social behaviour and suicidal tendencies among adolescent boys. METHODS The parent study was done in Govt. Boys school which is a multistage sampling. Firstly from DOE, a list of Govt. Boys school, Gwalior was taken, and from that list the schools were randomly selected. A predesigned, pretested, structured and validated questionnaire in Hindi was given to the student returned questionnaire. RESULTS Out of 400 students, 176 (44 %) had fouling of gums; 44 (11 %) had bleeding gums; 152 (38 %) had hair fall, 76 (19 %) had white patches on their nails; 40 (10 %) had urinary irritation; 48 (12 %) had pain in the ear; 8 (2 %) had diabetes; 8 (2 %) had high B.P ; 12 (3 %) had asthma; 4 (1 %) had low B.P ; 176 (44 %) had acne; 100 (25 %) had short height. CONCLUSIONS They have simple but wide pervading crucial reproductive health needs-menstrual hygiene, contraception (including emergency contraception) safety from sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV. A communication gap exists between parents and other adults (lack of family connectedness) which needs to be corrected. KEY WORDS Adolescent, Reproductive Health, Communication Gap.
WEB-BASED SOFTWARE FOR REAL-TIME SIMULATION-ASSISTED TRIAL DESIGN IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: Polhamus D. , Kang J. , Rogers J. , Gastonguay M.
Published: November 2021

Clinical trials for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are necessarily designed in the presence of substantial quantitative uncertainty. Certain important aspects of this uncertainty can be mitigated by developing longitudinal models for AD progression and by using these models to simulate virtual trials and estimate operating characteristics (such as statistical power, the probability of stopping at an interim analysis, the probability of identifying the correct dose, etc.) as a function of candidate design features, such as inclusion / exclusion criteria. In this brief report we describe the development and deployment of a customized software solution that allows such simulation-based results to be generated “on the fly” in the context of a drug development team meeting. This solution leverages a number of recent practical advances in statistical and scientific computing that could be much more broadly leveraged to assure more quantitatively grounded trial designs in Alzheimer’s Disease.
Cururueiros no Pantanal sul-mato-grossense
Authors: Marcos de Sena Divino
Published: November 2021

O cururu e o siriri são folguedos populares existentes no Pantanal brasileiro, a maior planície alagável do planeta. Esses complexos musicais e coreográficos são repletos de simbologias para os seus praticantes tradicionais. Os cururueiros portam um conjunto saberes e práticas que eram transmitidos oralmente e entre familiares e amigos, sobretudo em ambientes rurais. Esse conjunto, intitulado “Modo de Fazer Viola-de-Cocho”, foi registrado pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN) como Patrimônio Cultural. Apesar disso, ele corre o risco de desaparecer nos municípios de Corumbá e Ladário em Mato Grosso do Sul. Essa é uma das abordagens deste artigo que apresenta as percepções dos cururueiros frente a tal problema, além de analisar os perfis desses indivíduos e o que foi alterado em suas vidas com o reconhecimento nacional dado aos saberes que possuem.
Migrações venezuelanas, crise da reprodução social capitalista e necropolíticas de fronteira
Authors: Gonçalves Leite Ana Carolina , Castro Mariana de Araújo
Published: November 2021

Nesse artigo, discutimos alguns aspectos das atuais migrações venezuelanas, chamadas também de diáspora venezuelana, relacionando-as à crise da reprodução social capitalistas e às necropolíticas engendradas por essa última. Para tanto, relacionamos tais migrações com o estouro da bolha que caracterizou o fim do boom das commodities e a crise mundial de 2008, que resultaram em uma brutal deterioração das condições de vida da população e ampliação da gestão armada da vida social na Venezuela; avançamos uma discussão crítica sobre os limites da distinção entre migrações forçadas e voluntárias; e observamos dimensões conflituosas do acolhimento recebido pelos venezuelanos no Brasil, levando em conta a gestão de populações e as políticas de fronteira. Para além do debate bibliográfico, da análise de documentos e matérias jornalísticas, sustentam ainda nossas reflexões, trabalhos de campo realizados pelas autoras a Roraima em 2019 e em 2020.
Multilateralismo, crise e migração venezuelana: o Grupo de Lima e o Processo de Quito em perspectiva comparada.
Authors: Villamar María del Carmen Villarreal
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho analisa em perspectiva comparada os discursos e as respostas oferecidas por parte do Grupo de Lima (GL) e o Processo de Quito (PQ) respeito à crise e a migração venezuelana no período 2017-2020. Ambos os espaços multilaterais emitiram declarações conjuntas e estabeleceram compromissos, ao passo que promoveram a articulação com organizações internacionais em matéria de migração e refúgio. Contudo, entre os dois processos existem diferenças importantes quanto às suas posições políticas em relação ao atual Governo da República Bolivariana da Venezuela, seus objetivos, formas de funcionamento e o grau de centralidade que atribuem à questão migratória. Para tal, o texto discute teoricamente o fenômeno do multilateralismo, seus vínculos com as migrações e fenômenos como o multilateralismo contestado. Metodologicamente utilizou-se a análise documental e de conteúdo qualitativa de declarações, comunicados e artigos de imprensa e a análise de dados secundários da Plataforma R4V e da ENCOVI. Os resultados apontam que embora América Latina conte um uma longa tradição de cooperação multilateral, tanto o GL quanto o PQ constituem mecanismos ad hoc que transcendem os espaços tradicionais de abordagem das crises e das migrações a nível regional.
Direito humano de migrar: uma aproximação à normativa migratória do Brasil
Authors: Silva João Carlos Jarochinski , Velásquez Militza Pérez
Published: November 2021

Este artigo visa analisar as atuais normas que regem as categorias de imigração de refugiados e residentes temporários no Brasil, com o objetivo de avaliar sua abrangência, aplicabilidade e eficácia no tratamento da mobilidade venezuelana. Para obter tal resultado, os autores fundamentaram sua análise dos textos legais, nos documentos oficiais e na reflexão a partir do campo, em que foram realizadas entrevistas com pessoas venezuelanas enquadradas em diferentes categorias migratórias no Brasil, no sentido de se verificar os contrastes em termos de regulação migratória, a incompreensão das distinções relativas às categorias jurídicas no cotidiano desses indivíduos e as dificuldades no processo de regularização ou mudança de enquadramento migratório. Para tanto, parte-se de conceitos e teorias que se desenvolvem ao longo do texto para abordar a temática da mobilidade humana e a forma como o Estado atua frente a esse fenômeno, numa perspectiva que contemple diversos campos analíticos, os quais devem estar em consonância com seu caráter multifacetado e interdisciplinar. O artigo aponta que as ações brasileiras são reveladoras de um anseio de controlar e impedir o ingresso dessas pessoas, mesmo quando se reconhece a vulnerabilidade delas.
Primary Effusion Lymphoma: Small Bowel Recurrence After Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: Mushtaq Sarah , Prabakaran Sabrina , Elharake Maher , Mirza Sayeef , Ravindran Adharsh , Faramand Rawan , Sokol Lubomir
Published: November 2021

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma, growing in the serous body cavities as a lymphomatous effusion. The endoscopic features of PEL can mimic Kaposi sarcoma (KS). We present a case where PEL presented as small intestinal masses which had a similar macroscopic appearance to KS. Endoscopic evaluation was used with biopsies which confirmed the diagnosis of PEL. PEL is a differential of gastrointestinal KS. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for prognostication in these patients. Our case emphasizes that PEL presenting as intestinal tumors can mimic KS macroscopically. Although treatment for PEL and KS includes standard chemotherapy with concurrent antiretroviral therapy, early detection of PEL can improve overall survival in these patients.
The Impact of KRAS Mutation in Patients With Sporadic Nonampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors
Authors: Kinugasa Hideaki , Kanzaki Hiromitsu , Tanaka Takehiro , Yamamoto Shumpei , Yamasaki Yasushi , Nouso Kazuhiro , Ichimura Kouichi , Nakagawa Masahiro , Mitsuhashi Toshiharu , Okada Hiroyuki
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCTION:

The genomic characterization of primary nonampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma indicates a genetic resemblance to gastric and colorectal cancers. However, a correlation between the clinical and molecular characteristics of these cancers has not been established. This study aimed to elucidate the clinicopathological features of sporadic nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors, including their molecular characteristics and prognostic factors.

METHODS:

One hundred forty-eight patients with sporadic nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors were examined in this study. Patient sex, age, TNM stage, tumor location, treatment methods, histology, KRAS mutation, BRAF mutation, Fusobacterium nucleatum, mucin phenotype, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) status were evaluated. KRAS and BRAF mutations, Fusobacterium nucleatum, mucin phenotype, and PD-L1 status were analyzed by direct sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunochemical staining.

RESULTS:

The median follow-up duration was 119.4 months. There were no deaths from duodenal adenoma (the primary disease). Kaplan-Meier analysis for duodenal adenocarcinoma showed a significant effect of TNM stage (P < 0.01). In univariate analysis of primary deaths from duodenal adenocarcinoma, TNM stage II or higher, undifferentiated, KRAS mutations, gastric phenotype, intestinal phenotype, and PD-L1 status were significant factors. In multivariate analysis, TNM stage II or higher (hazard ratio: 1.63 × 1010, 95% confidence interval: 18.66–6.69 × 1036) and KRAS mutation (hazard ratio: 3.49, confidence interval: 1.52–7.91) were significant factors.

DISCUSSION:

Only KRAS mutation was a significant prognostic factor in primary sporadic nonampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma in cases in which TNM stage was considered.
Hacia un enfoque literario funcional en el estudio de los textos enciclopédicos latinos tardíos: problemas y propuestas
Authors: Cardigni Julieta
Published: November 2021

En el presente trabajo nos proponemos estudiar los textos enciclopédicos latinos tardíos desde la perspectiva del Análisis del discurso basado en un marco teórico-metodológico de carácter funcional. Nuestro objetivo principal es mostrar que, a partir de un enfoque funcional de género literario, que combine texto y contexto, es posible analizar de manera profunda obras que, desde estudios retórico-formales, presentan dificultades en su caracterización. Para acompañar el planteo del problema tomaremos como ejemplos dos obras de nuestro corpus: los Commentarii in Somnium Scipionis de Macrobio y De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii de Marciano Capela (ambos del s. V d. C.).
Accounting Ethics in Financial Reporting in The Context of The Metaphor of â€˜Lawang Sewuâ€™ (thousands of doors, thousands of information, thousands of interests)
Authors: Setyawati Debi , Sudaryati Erina
Published: November 2021

This study aims to improve the readability and understanding of financial statements through a conceptual framework of financial reporting and its derivatives. This study employed an analytical method as a conceptual framework, where financial accounting standards, financial reporting, and the results are described by the term "Lawang Sewu" as a reflection. The results show that the term 'Lawang Sewu' has similarities with accounting ethics in financial reporting, where "lawang" (Javanese) means door refers to "door of information" and "sewu" (Javanese) means a thousand or many refers to having many information and interest in accounting reporting performance. Accounting ethics in financial reporting also describes the strength of the 'Lawang Sewu' building which is not damaged despite its old age. Financial statements reflect the company's past, present and future values. Based on the conceptual framework of accounting, financial statements must meet two qualitative criteria: primary qualitative (relevant and in accordance with actual conditions) and secondary qualitative (comparable, testable, timely and understandable). Thus, financial reports are expected to be transparent so that users can use them appropriately.
Culture of Corruption and Symbolic Rationality of Accounting Information â€“ Higher Education Implication
Authors: Wahyudi Imam
Published: November 2021

When corruption becomes daily and socially acceptable practices, the functions of financial accounting have shifted from the instrument of managerial responsibility to a symbolic rationality of actions. Professional organizations of accountants and educational institutions consider this phenomenon as an ethical issue and have made professional ethics a mandatory subject for accounting students. This study aim to gain a better understanding of the role of accounting information in a corrupt society. It also tries to gain a better understaning that the accounting higher education institutions should play their role in this context. This study uses an interpretive phenomenological approach for the analysis. It is noted that it stresses the need for higher education institutions to take additional action by criticizing accounting principles that are fundamentally very capitalistic, being more flexible to different schools of thought, and incorporating the values of divinity into all accounting subjects.
Simulation-based optimization of coupled material–energy flow at ironmaking-steelmaking interface using One-Ladle Technique
Authors: Hu Z.C. , Zheng Z. , He L.M. , Fan J.P. , Li F.
Published: November 2021

The ironmaking-steelmaking interface of the steel manufacturing process involves the hot metal ladle circulation and the energy dissipation which are coupled processes with an interrelated but independent relation. Therefore, the synergistic operation of the material flow and the energy flow at the interface is momentous to the effective production of the ironmaking-steelmaking section. However, there is a lack of solutions to realize the synergy. Here, we presented a coupling simulation model for the material flow and energy flow of the ironmaking-steelmaking interface, based on the mathematical description of their operation behaviors, the operation and technical model of the production equipment and the temperature-decreasing model of the ladle. Further, the coupling simulation model was applied to a concrete ironmaking-steelmaking interface using the One-Ladle Technique. The coupling simulation model proved its performance in providing comprehensive decision-making supports and optimized production management strategies by achieving a solution that results in a decline of 10 °C in the average temperature drop of the hot metal and a reduction in the cost per tonne of steel by CNY 1.02.
Anti-osteoporotic effect of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. in bilateral ovariectomized induced post-menopausal osteoporosis in experimental rats
Authors: Kakadia Nimisha , Kanaki Niranjan
Published: November 2021

Objectives

In ancient times Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. (TA) was used for fast healing of fracture and to strengthen the bone. However, no scientific study has been done to validate its usefulness in the alleviation of osteoporosis. To investigate the efficacy of stem bark TA against post-menopausal osteoporosis using bilateral ovariectomized rat model.

Methods

Aqueous (TAA) and methanolic (TAM) extracts of TA was evaluated for its anti-osteoporotic activity. Sham control rats were allotted as Group I (Normal control); Group II animals acted as OVX control (Disease control); Group III OVX rats were treated with estrogen (Standard group – 2 mg/kg) Group IV and V OVX rats give treatment to TAA (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.), respectively. This treatment is continue for the four weeks and at the end, serum biochemical parameters such as serum calcium and alkaline phosphate were evaluated. Femoral bone parameters (Compression of vertebrae, femoral neck load testing, Three point bending of tibia, Femur length and weight), histology, body weight, and fifth lumbar vertebra breaking strength were also assessed after the sacrificing the animal.

Results

In OVX rats, atrophy of uterus and descent of BMD were suppressed by treatment with TAA and TAM. In addition, TAM 500 completely corrected the decreased serum concentration of Calcium, Phosphorus, ALP and TRAP observed in OVX rats. TAA and TAM both increased biomechanical strength significantly in comparison to the sham group. Histological results also revealed its protective action through elevation of bone formation. TAM significantly increase the uterine and femoral bone weight The TAM showed maximum anti-osteoporotic activity in in vivo study as compare to TAA.

Conclusions

The results, evaluated on the basis of biochemical, bone mineral density, biomechanical, and histopathological parameters, presented that TAA and TAM has a definite antiosteoporotic effect, like to estrogen, especially effective for inhibition bone fracture induced by estrogen deficiency.
A DFT study on the molecular properties of synthetic ester under the electric field
Authors: Wang Yachao , Lin Xiaoran , Wang Mei , Wang Jifang
Published: November 2021

Synthetic ester can replace the mineral oil traditionally used in transformers to avoid the environmental problems caused by oil leakage. However, the fast discharge phenomenon in a high electric field in transformers using synthetic ester seems to indicate its insulation property is inferior to that of mineral oil. In this paper, typical molecular models of synthetic ester, including F2, F4, F6, F8, and F10, are constructed. We studied the effect of electric fields on the molecular properties of the five molecules by density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory. According to the electric field intensity required for discharge initiation and propagation in insulating oil, the electric field intensity applied in this study varied from 108 to 109 V/m. The results showed that the molecular bond lengths are obviously dependent on the electric field. The ionization potential (IP) of the F8 and F10 molecules decreases sharply under electric field intensities of 3.1 × 109 and 4.0 × 109 V/m. It can be inferred that the IP reduction of the long carbon chain molecules, such as F8 and F10, is the reason for the formation of fast discharge in the case of synthesis ester. Calculations for excited states show that the introduction of an electric field makes the electron transition more active. The results obtained by this work improve our understanding of the discharge mechanism in synthetic ester dielectrics and provide theoretical support for improvement in the performance of synthetic ester insulating oil.
Comparison of enzyme-linked fluorescent assay and electrochemiluminescence immune assay in procalcitonin measurement
Authors: Erdem Kinas Burçin , Etem Akagac Arzu , Erek Toprak Aybala , Batcık Sule , Uras Ahmet Rıza
Published: November 2021

Background

Procalcitonin (PCT) measurement is required for intensive care patients with systemic inflammation symptoms, early diagnosis of possible infections, and evaluation of sepsis severity and prognosis.

Objectives

We aimed to determine the analytical performance of PCT measurement in a Roche Modular E170 (ECLIA) analyzer and compare the performance with VIDAS (BRAHMS/ELFA) analyzer findings.

Material and methods

Within-day and between-day precision value, linearity was determined, and two methods were compared with regression and Bland–Altman analysis.

Results

Both ECLIA and ELFA assays indicated excellent precision, where within-day precision varied between 1.18% and 3.97% CV, and between-day precision varied between 1.77% and 3.93% CV. The ECLIA method was linear up to 62.15 ng/mL. The arithmetic mean was 6.02 ng/mL with the ECLIA method and 8.02 ng/mL with the ELFA method. The correlation coefficient was r=0.996 and p=0.001. The correlation was linear between the two methods. Regression equation was found y=0.78x − 0.23. The Bland–Altman figure was revealed the difference between the methods was specifically in lower concentrations (<0.15 ng/mL).

Conclusions

Both methods show good precision and correlation. It was determined that the difference between methods was significant, especially at <0.15 ng/mL concentration.
On trans-Sasakian $3$-manifolds as $\eta$-Einstein solitons
Authors: Ganguly D. , Dey S. , Bhattacharyya A.
Published: November 2021

The present paper is to deliberate the class of $3$-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifolds which admits $\eta$-Einstein solitons. We have studied $\eta$-Einstein solitons on $3$-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifolds where the Ricci tensors are Codazzi type and cyclic parallel. We have also discussed some curvature conditions admitting $\eta$-Einstein solitons on $3$-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifolds and the vector field is torse-forming. We have also shown an example of $3$-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold with respect to $\eta$-Einstein soliton to verify our results.
One-dimensional Wiener process with the properties of partial reflection and delay
Authors: Kopytko B.I. , Shevchuk R.V.
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we construct the two-parameter semigroup of operators associated with a certain one-dimensional inhomogeneous diffusion process and study its properties. We are interested in the process on the real line which can be described as follows. At the interior points of the half-lines separated by a point, the position of which depends on the time variable, this process coincides with the Wiener process given there and its behavior on the common boundary of these half-lines is determined by a kind of the conjugation condition of Feller-Wentzell's type. The conjugation condition we consider is local and contains only the first-order derivatives of the unknown function with respect to each of its variables.

The study of the problem is done using analytical methods. With such an approach, the problem of existence of the desired semigroup leads to the corresponding conjugation problem for a second order linear parabolic equation to which the above problem is reduced. Its classical solvability is obtained by the boundary integral equations method under the assumption that the initial function is bounded and continuous on the whole real line, the parameters characterizing the Feller-Wentzell conjugation condition are continuous functions of the time variable, and the curve defining the common boundary of the domains is determined by the function which is continuously differentiable and its derivative satisfies the Hölder condition with exponent less than $1/2$.
Impedance spectroscopy of capacitor systems based on saccharide-derived porous carbon materials.
Authors: Mandzyuk V.I. , Mironyuk I.F. , Ivanichok N.Ya. , Rachiy B.I.
Published: November 2021

The electrochemical processes in capacitor systems based on porous carbon materials (PCMs) derived from glucose, lactose, and saccharose at activation temperature of 800 and 1000°C are explored using impedance spectroscopy method. An equivalent electric circuit, which allows modeling of the impedance spectra in the frequency range from 10-2 to 105 Hz, is proposed, and a physical interpretation of each element of the electrical circuit is presented. It is set that in capacitor systems on the basis of the explored materials the accumulation of capacitance occurs due to the formation of a double electric layer at the electrode/electrolyte boundary, and Faradaic processes are minimized. The specific capacity of supercapacitors based on PCMs obtained at 800°C is 91-154 F/g due to the developed microporous structure of materials.
Understanding Ta-Nehisi Coates’ Rejection of Hope
Authors: Dhillon Maanvi
Published: November 2021

Ta-Nehisi Coates’ book Between the World and Me is written as a letter to his son, but serves many roles: a collection of personal experiences as an African American man, a history of black people’s exploitation and oppression in America, and advice for navigating the country and its historical, systematic, expansive and deeply embeddedd racism. Readers and critics have noted the pessimism of the work, as Coates writes pragmatically and coldly with no optimism about the potential to end the racist oppression of black Americans. This essay analyzes Coates’ rejection of hope by parsing through the audiences he addresses and the respective messages underlying his work. First, the essay considers how Coates urges readers to think critically about the hopeful narrative of the American Dream and see how it obscures the racism underlying and determining both white Americans’ economic, political and social successes, as well as the struggles and cyclic obstacles afflicting black American communities. Using literary analysis, the essay argues that Coates’ rebuke of the American dream is meant to be addressed towards white Americans, as they are more susceptible to accepting its tempting and convenient narrative. Coates provides his son and the black American community with a different critique of hope; he shows the futility of maintaining optimism about the achievement of racial equality when that outcome depends on their nation and white peers who demonstrate no interest in ending the racist structures and systems that privilege them. Coates’ argument is clarified in the essay by framing it as a form of literary theorist Lauren Berlant’s conception of cruel optimism. Ultimately, by exploring the nuance in Coates’ pessimistic work, the essay reveals how Coates’ rejection of hope is both an effective message in addressing his various audiences and a justified sentiment, particularly given the high cost of holding on to hope for black Americans.
Production of nanocrystalline cellulose from bleached soda bagasse pulp
Authors: Birgani Sabah Ashrafi , Talaeipour Mohammad , Hemmasi Amir Hooman , Bazyar Behzad , Larijani Kambiz
Published: November 2021

The cellulose used in this study was prepared from bleached soda bagasse obtained from the Pars paper factory. To prepare nanocellulose, the sample was subjected to alkaline pretreatment and then acid hydrolysis using 54% sulfuric acid at several temperatures (35, 50, 60, and 65 °C) and different times (30, 60, 90, and 120 min). Then, they were prepared using a centrifuge, dialysis bag, ultrasound, and freezer, respectively. The produced nanocellulose was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). According to the results, temperatures of 50 and 90 °C were selected for the preparation of nanocellulose. The crystallization index of the hydrolyzed pulp and produced nanocellulose was 53 and 61%, respectively. The produced nanocellulose had a fibrillar shape.
Presenting a risk management model for residential wooden structures in earthquake-prone areas of Iran
Authors: Mardani Bahram , Latibari Ahmad Jahan , Tajdini Ajang
Published: November 2021

A risk management model was applied to residential wooden structures in earthquake-prone areas of Iran. The statistical population of the study consisted of academic and organizational experts. Thirty individuals were interviewed using a purposive non-random sampling technique and the data adequacy and saturation principle. A semi-structured interview was used to collect the required data. The validity was assessed using content and construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability, and it was greater than 0.7 for all components. In the qualitative section, data analysis was performed via a theoretical coding method that used the Grounded Theory approach, and the model was presented using interpretive structural modeling. The results revealed that the dimensions of the seismic related risks in the implementation of wooden residential structures in earthquake-prone areas of Iran, which included the internal risks (employer risk, implementation risk, scheduling risk, manpower risk, and design risk) and the external risk (risk due to political, economic, legal, and natural factors), were the most important risks.
Real-Time Face Mask Detection using Deep Learning
Authors:   Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Munjal Pranad , Rattan Vikas ,   Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Dua Rajat ,   Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Malik Varun ,   Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India
Published: November 2021

The outbreak of COVID-19 has taught everyone the importance of face masks in their lives. SARS- COV-2(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) is a communicable virus that is transmitted from a person while speaking, sneezing in the form of respiratory droplets. It spreads by touching an infected surface or by being in contact with an infected person. Healthcare officials from the World Health Organization and local authorities are propelling people to wear face masks as it is one of the comprehensive strategies to overcome the transmission. Amid the advancement of technology, deep learning and computer vision have proved to be an effective way in recognition through image processing. This system is a real-time application to detect people if they are wearing a mask or are without a mask. It has been trained with the dataset that contains around 4000 images using 224×224 as width and height of the image and have achieved an accuracy rate of 98%. In this research, this model has been trained and compiled with 2 CNN for differentiating accuracy to choose the best for this type of model.It can be put into action in public areas such as airports, railways, schools, offices, etc. to check if COVID-19 guidelines are being adhered to or not.
O espaço das vagas
Authors: Maciel Ruth Anne Santos
Published: November 2021

Entendendo mulheres negras como construto, o presente trabalho pretende, a partir da lente interseccional, refletir primeiro sobre seus lugares sociais, identitários e políticos para argumentar sobre se/como uma teoria de conhecimento que as desloca para o centro das reflexões tende a enfatizar a importância de outros rumos epistêmicos de produção e de validação de conhecimentos que questionem versões da verdade prevalecida como dominante e tida como universal.
A Timokratés elleni beszéd érvrendszerei
Authors: Seres Dániel
Published: November 2021

Jelen tanulmány célkitűzése kettős. Egyrészt a Timokratés elleni beszéd érvrendszereinek mélyreható elemzését kívánom nyújtani, másrészt ezen elemzésen keresztül a XIX. században felmerült és azóta is sokat vitatott szövegkritikai problémákat veszem górcső alá. Új aspektusból közelítve a korábban felvetett problémákhoz – az érveléstechnika elemzésén keresztül kiegészítve E. M. Harris meggyőző érveit – amellett érvelek, hogy a beszéd két része valójában egy jól átgondolt, precízen szerkesztett egészet alkot, így a szöveg integritását nem indokolt megkérdőjelezni.

The current study has two objectives. On the one hand, it provides an in-depth analysis of the argumentation of the oration Against Timocrates. On the other hand, the analysis focuses on the issues of textual criticism that arose in the 19th century and have been debated ever since. Approaching the problems from a new perspective – augmenting the convincing arguments put forward by E. M. Harris with the analysis of the argumentation – the study argues that the two halves of the speech are in fact parts of a well-planned, and precisely edited whole, and the integrity of the text need not be questioned.
Ichthyofauna associated with sandy beaches of the rio Machado, tributary of the rio Madeira, northern Brazil
Authors: da Costa Igor David , Neto dos Santos Nunes Natalia , Rosental Zalmon Ilana
Published: November 2021

The rio Machado is an large tributary of the rio Madeira, and investigations of the ichthyofauna are urgent given the current high threat of habitat loss on account of a hydroelectric plant under construction. Our inventory quantified 9,544 specimens, representing four orders and 38 species. Our study provides an unprecedented list of fish species from a poorly studied South American basin. This basin, which is considered one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, presents high endemism, few cases of co-existence of phylogenetically related lineages, low species diversity, and few species occurrences with wide distribution.
The Case Against Rudolf Nureyev: A Legal Case Study of the KGB’s Pursuits against Defectors
Authors: Montana Katherine
Published: November 2021

This article will investigate the legal investigation against Rudolf Nureyev that led to his defection, as well as the legal limitations placed upon him by the USSR after permanently settling in the West. It will also track the legal pursuit of restrictions against the dancer by the KGB that lasted for almost his entire life.
Is Innovation a sound justification for Medical Patents?
Authors: Tuncel Dara
Published: November 2021

This essay will interrogate the legality of medical patents, arguing that one ought to reject the traditional utilitarian framework often used to justify IP law. Instead, this essay will turn to a more deontological justification for IP rights in UK law.
Does the insanity plea allow the infringement of the public’s right to security or is taking away the plea an infringement of yours?
Authors: Khandheria Nikita A
Published: November 2021

This paper will focus on an assessment of the plea ‘not guilty by reason of insanity.’ The piece will seek to interrogate how the mentally ill are treated by the judicial system, whether the NGRI plea is reasonable, and the ways in which the legislative system must adapt to ensure that mental health is prioritised.
EFEITO DE DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO NA UNIFORMIDADE DE GRÃOS MOCA DO CAFÉ CÓNILON, EM CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES, RJ
Authors: Mendonça José Carlos , Garcia Andre Dalla Bernardina , Almeida Claudio Martins de
Published: November 2021

O café tem grande importância econômica na agricultura brasileira, sendo o segundo maior produtor mundial, atrás apenas da Etiópia. Entretanto, para exportação cada vez mais é requerido alta qualidade e seletividade dos grãos, para que tenham um processamento adequado nas indústrias. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de diferentes condições de irrigação na uniformidade e classes de peneira dos grãos moca do café conilon. O experimento foi conduzido na área pertencente à Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, composto pelos fatores: Sistema de irrigação (superficial e subsuperficial) e Lâminas de água (0, 25, 50, 100 e 125% da ET0), estas se constituíram nos tratamentos. A classificação por peneiras foi determinada segundo o formato do grão e sua granulometria, e diferentes números de peneiras, sendo definidos como Moca Graúdo (MG), Moca Médio (MD), Moca Miúdo (MM).  Após realização do estudo concluiu-se que há tendência na uniformização da produção nas peneiras 10 a 11, classificados como Moca Médio com o aumento da irrigação, para as condições apresentadas, de modo que as lâminas de 100 a 125% da ET0 tiveram o maior percentual para essa classe de grãos.
Cesarean childbirth: an institutional socio-clinical study of the professional practices and discourses
Authors: Silva Simone Santana da , Fortuna Cinira Magali , Monceau Gilles
Published: November 2021

Objective: to analyze how the social, historical, economic and professional elements influence the institutionalization process of cesarean childbirth in Brazil and France. Method: a qualitative study grounded on the theoretical framework of the institutional socioclinic. The data were produced through focus groups and individual interviews, supported by semi-structured scripts, with health professionals, mothers and fathers and a research diary. The study had 83 participants. The analysis was based on the theoretical framework and thematic analysis. Cross analysis was developed between the different types of data, services and groups, as well as between countries. Results: the participants were characterized in terms of schooling, employment, level of training and workplace. The countries researched have their own peculiar health and educational structure and are marked by a social-historical-economic construction outlined by patriarchy. The New Public Management influences both contexts and makes health care precarious. The technical and organizational dimensions reinforce an intellectual and social division of work and knowledge in health. Conclusion: the institutionalization process of childbirth in the countries is marked by social, economic and professional aspects. Practices and speeches of the professionals in their work process influence the occurrence, or not, of cesarean sections.
Quality of life and eating habits of patients with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Foppa Luciana , Mota Ana Laura Rodriguez da , Morais Eliane Pinheiro de
Published: November 2021

Objective: to verify the quality of life and eating habits of patients with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: cross-sectional study with 68 outpatients, candidates for bariatric surgery, at university hospital in the Southern Brazil. Data collection was carried out by telephone, with questions about the profile of the participants and social distancing; questionnaires on quality of life and eating habits were also used. The data analysis, the logistic regression model, Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney U and Student t-tests were used for independent samples. Results: the general quality of life was 57.03 points and the eating habit with the highest score was cognitive restraint (61.11 points). Most patients (72.1%) were socially distancing themselves and 27.9% had not changed their routine. The chance of isolation was 3.16 times greater for patients who were married. There is a positive correlation between the domains of the Quality of Life questionnaire and cognitive restraint from the questionnaire about eating habits. Conclusion: we found that the participants tended to have a better quality of life as cognitive restraint increased.
Pregnancy planning does not interfere with child development in children aged from 11 to 23 months old
Authors: Solís-Cordero Katherine , Couto Luciana Assis , Duarte Luciane Simões , Borges Ana Luiza Vilela , Fujimori Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

Objective: to analyze the correlation between child development and pregnancy planning and other associated aspects. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with 125 mother-child dyads, the children aged from 11 to 23 months old and attending daycare centers located in socially disadvantaged areas. Child development according to domains was assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaire-BR and pregnancy planning was evaluated through the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy. The mothers were interviewed at their homes and non-parametric tests were used for data analysis. Results: 17.6% of the pregnancies were unplanned, 24.8% were planned and 57.6% were ambivalent. Inadequate development in the different domains ranged from 21% to 40% and was not associated with pregnancy planning. However, the “communication” domain was associated with Bolsa Família and the “personal/social” and “communication” domains, with gender; while “personal/social”, “broad motor coordination” and “fine motor coordination” were domains related to the child’s age. Conclusion: no correlation between pregnancy planning and child development was observed; however, the low frequency of planned pregnancies and the high percentages of inadequate child development show the need to invest in the training of health professionals, both for contraceptive care and preconception health and for the promotion of child development, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged contexts.