bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the ESG focus on any efficiency and fairness of the stock market
Authors: Karginova-Gubinova V. V.
Published: April 2023

The need to ensure sustainable development of territories has led to the emergence of responsible issuers and investors. At the same time such actors’ impact on the stock indices remains understudied, which makes the studies focused on these issues relevant. The goal of this paper was to see into the impact of investors’ ESG focus on the efficiency and fairness of the stock market. The research draws on 2018-2021 data for 232 Russian firms taken from the ESG Ratingby S&P Global Sustainable and https://smart-lab.ru portal. Indicators of particular companies and the market as a whole were estimated using descriptive statistic methods and Cramer’s V-coefficient, and cluster analysis was done. The results showed that any ESG rated assets have higher dividend yield and stock price to revenues ratio (P/S multiplier), which are statistically significant, but the P/S value can be recognized as optimal both for sustainability-rated assets and the unrated ones. It is concluded that the Russian stock exchange is currently lacking any distributive justice and any responsible investors’commitment has no influence on the market efficiency. The theoretical value of the study lies in its confirming Eugene Fama’s efficient market hypothesis being applicable to responsible issuers’ stocks and in defining the indicators of the market’s distributive justice. Its scholarly importance stems from its assessing the current rate of the Russian stock exchange’s efficiency and fairness when ESG commitments are expanding among investors. The identified failures of the financial market, which managers of responsible companies and shareholders should consider in their activities, are of practical value.
Estimation of Socio-Economic Potential of the Far Eastern Federal District
Authors: Gulakova O. I. , Moissenko V. D.
Published: April 2023

To implement the strategic plans for national economic growth, it is necessary to develop the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD), which is a link between Russia and the Asia-Pacific Region (APR). The aim of the work is to analyze and evaluate the main macroeconomic trends affecting the socio-economic development of the Far Eastern Federal District. The shift-share method and empirical analysis of the main macroeconomic indicators of the region were used as the main research methodology. Due to the fact that the foundation for the development of the region is formed by the factors of influence that formed before the coronavirus pandemic and the start of a special operation in Ukraine, the analysis of the Far Eastern Federal District was carried out for the period from 2014 to 2019. The study showed that, in general, the Far East showed positive dynamics in the analyzed period, due to the fact that the growth rates of the district's industries exceeded the national ones, which was ensured both by high external demand for their products and by the positive results of the program for the accelerated development of the Far Eastern Federal District, which had a favorable effect in the areas of specialization of the region. However, industries with a high share of value added are in a crisis situation, which may neutralize the positive trends in the development of the region in the near future, and there are still no favorable changes in the social sphere, which is primarily characterized by a continuing decline in the region's population.
Taxonomy of Sustainable Finance and ESG Principles
Authors: Zakhmatov D. Yu.
Published: April 2023

In the context of intense external and internal economic and social changes, there is a high degree of uncertainty in the financial, commodity, stock and other markets both in individual countries and in the global economy. The consequences of these changes result in increase in the volatility of the exchange rate of domestic currencies of individual countries in relation to the leading world currencies, as well as local investment markets, real estate, business and other assets. The most important task of investors and companies, especially in times of uncertainty, is to make informed management decisions, its purpose is to increase the sustainability of business and investment in business projects. One of the strategies for increasing the sustainability of business and its sustainable development is traditionally compliance with ESG (Environment Social Governance) principles, the advantage of which is the combination and mutual influence in the areas of environmental, social and economic sustainability of activities. Since both enterprises themselves, countries, economies, societies and disclosure of information about them are in constant change, a unified classification system for identifying sustainable economic activity, or “taxonomy”, is important. World experience demonstrates, on the one hand, trends towards uniformity of the methodology and concept of the taxonomy of sustainable finance; on the other hand, the individual characteristics of the national economy of a country require adaptation of general concepts to its unique characteristics. Currently, Russian developments in the field of taxonomy of sustainable finance are actively developing, and in this article, research has been carried out on the steps taken in this direction in Russia and the world, and a simplified scheme for determining the areas that fall within the scope of various taxonomy terms has been proposed, modified taking into account Russian specifics.
Synergy of Investment Projects: A Cognitive Approach
Authors: Yagolnitser M. A. , Ovsiannikova M. A. , Kostin A. V.
Published: April 2023

An important part of the analysis of economic growth of regions is the study of the investment distribution within industries and Russian Federation regions. Carefully considered construction of extra value sequences can create positive impulses because of the synergetic effects of investment projects. The purpose of the study is to analyze the synergetic effects of regional investment projects and impulse modeling their effects on Russian economic system. Finding such effects requires complex mathematical models implementation, and usually it cannot describe all existing investment relationships. Cognitive modeling methods can become the solution of stated problem. Cognitive modeling is a combination of mathematical approaches and expert assessments. The following study includes multidimensional factor statistical analysis, which was applied to construct a cognitive map for impulse modeling. Based on investment projects in Russia, there were identified 4 main generalized economic factors. These factors were sets of closely interrelated industries. Complied factors were energy and chemical industry, mining and processing of minerals and mechanical engineering, quality of life, metalworking and woodworking. four main scenarios of investment impulses in the constructed factors were also evaluated. The growth of investment flows in the “quality of life” factor was chosen as the optimality criterion. It was revealed that the development of metal- and wood-processing provides the biggest positive effect. The conducted research shows the importance of investment synergy studying and describes a methodological approach to perform calculations.
Small DSGE Model of the Russian Economy with Heterogeneous Adaptive Learning
Authors: Kolyuzhnov D. V. , Lyahnova M. V.
Published: April 2023

Within the framework of this study, a small DSGE model of the Russian economy with heterogeneous adaptive learning of economic agents is being developed. Comparing several modifications of the model through various assessments, building retrospective forecasts, calculating error measures, it is concluded that a model with heterogeneous adaptive learning of agents fits the data better than a model with rational expectations or homogeneous adaptive learning. Also, within the framework of the constructed model, the best rule of monetary policy is determined; according to it, the Central Bank should take into account not only inflation and output, but also respond to the exchange rate and the domestic oil price. The model constructed in this paper can potentially be used as a not very cumbersome tool for analyzing and forecasting the dynamics of the Russian economy, and the resulting conclusions about the optimal policy can be used to form the economic policy of the state.
Positioning of Russian Business Ecosystems
Authors: Markova V. D. , Kuznetsova S. A.
Published: April 2023

Modern business ecosystems are becoming an integral part of the digital economy and an object of research. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of major Russian diversified business ecosystems: Yandex, VK, Sber, MTS and Tinkoff based on the case study method. An approach to their positioning in the market based on the share of the main business in the income of the company - leader of ecosystem and the number of ecosystem services is proposed. It is shown that while maintaining the specialization in some market segments there is a process of convergence of ecosystems by types of services offered, which aggravates competition between them, The factors that, along with competition, cause low financial results of the leading ecosystems are identified.  These are an unrelated type of diversification that complicates the realization of  synergy, development mainly at the expense of own resources without using the potential of partnership, copying of services accompanied by the absence of consumer retention mechanisms.

The obtained results contribute to the discussion of controversial issues about the chances of market dominance of ecosystems and their impact on competition.
COVID-19: Correlation between HRCT findings and clinical prognosis and analysis of parenchymal pattern evolution
Authors: Picchi Stefano Giusto , Lassandro Giulia , Corvino Antonio , Tafuri Domenico , Caruso Martina , Faggian Guido , Cocco Giulio , Pizzi Andrea Delli , Gallo Luigi , Quassone Pasquale , Boccatonda Andrea , Minguzzi Maria Teresa
Published: April 2023

Objectives:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a single-stranded positive ribonucleic acid virus of the coronaviridae family. The disease caused by this virus has been named by the World Health Organization coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), whose main manifestation is interstitial pneumonia. Aim of this study is to describe the radiological features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in its original form, to correlate the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) patterns with clinical findings, prognosis and mortality, and to establish the need for treatment and admission to the intensive care unit.

Material and Methods:

From March 2020 to May 2020, 193 patients (72 F and 121 M) who were swab positive for SARS-CoV-2 were retrospectively selected for our study. These patients underwent HRCT in the clinical suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 interstitial pneumonia.

Results:

Our results confirm the role of radiology and, in particular, of chest HRCT as a technique with high sensitivity in the recognition of the most peculiar features of COVID-19 pneumonia, in the evaluation of severity of the disease, in the correct interpretation of temporal changes of the radiological picture during the follow-up until the resolution, and in obtaining prognostic information, also to direct the treatment.

Conclusion:

Chest computed tomography cannot be considered as a substitute for real-time - polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of COVID-19, but rather supplementary to it in the diagnostic process as it can detect parenchymal changes at an early stage and even before the positive swab, at least for patients who have been symptomatic for more than 3 days.
UJI PERENDAMAN KOMBINASI LARUTAN TEPUNG KUNYIT DAN CACING SUTERA (Tubifex sp) TERHADAP SINTASAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN BAUNG (Hemibagrus nemurus)
Authors: Muhammad Hasby  , T. Iskandar Johan  , Akbar Antoni
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the long soaking of silkworms (Tubifex sp) in turmeric flour solution on the dilution and growth of baung fish fry (Hemibagrus nemurus). The method used is a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with 5 treatments of 3 tests, namely P0 treatment = no soaking, P1 = Soaking for 20 minutes, P2 = 25 minutes, P3 = 30 minutes and P4 35 minutes. The baung fish used are fry that are 8 days old with an average weight of 0.09 gr / tail with a length of 0.70 cm / tail. The seeds were obtained from Saprizal's UPR in Padang Mutung village, Kampar district. From the results of the study, the highest dilution was obtained in the P4 treatment by 100% and the lowest in P0 by 97.33%. The highest absolute weight growth of P4 treatment was 0.57 gr and the lowest was 0.37 gr. The highest absolute length growth in the P4 treatment was 3.46 cm and the lowest was 2.99 cm. The highest daily growth rate of P4 treatment was 0.08% and the lowest was 0.05%. The best feed conversion value is P4 treatment of 0.463%. Water quality parameters are temperature 28-30 0C, pH 6.13-7.69, dissolved oxygen 3.4-6.3 mg/L and Ammonia 0.88-4.22 mg/L.
Model Usahatani Integrasi Tanaman Sereh Wangi Menjadi Minyak Atsiri dan Ternak Sapi di Kabupaten Ogan Ilir
Authors: Malini Henny , Mulyana Eka , Syaiful Friska
Published: April 2023

This study aims to identify the farming model and calculate the Financial Feasibility of the integration of Citronella and cattle in the Ogan Ilir Regency. The location determination was carried out purposively because in this district there is a community business of Citronella Oil Refining combined with cattle business (plant - livestock integration) in Indralaya District, Ogan Ilir Regency. The research method is a case study, the first objective is identified and then described in a diagram and descriptive manner. the second objective is analyzed mathematically by calculating the BC/RC Ratio, Payback Period, NPV, and IRR. The Integration Model of Citronella Plants and cattle is an integrated farming model, a business model that is interrelated with each other, where the waste from the Citronella plant can be utilized, as well as cow dung. Based on the financial feasibility analysis, the Gross B/C value produced is 2.07 and the Net B/C is also 2.30. The resulting Payback Period value is 4 years, BEP (kilogram) is 503.69 kg and BEP (Rupiah) is Rp. 125,923,822, while based on the feasibility analysis of cattle business in Ogan Ilir Regency, the Gross B/C value obtained is 1, 44, and Net B/C of 1.44. The resulting Payback Period value is 2.2 years, BEP (unit) is 33 heads and BEP (Rupiah) is 294,160,182, - So it can be concluded that fragrant lemongrass farming and cattle farming are financially feasible.Keywords: Feasibility, Financial, Integration, Lemongrass, Model.
Strategi Pemasaran Coffeeshop Boy’s Selama Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Menggunakan Analisis SWOT
Authors: Adrinoviarini Adrinoviarini , Widyaningtyas Shinta , Nanda Ririn Fatma , Hariyadi Sofyan
Published: April 2023

Coffeeshop Boy's is one of the cafes that has survived the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (LSSR) and Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities (ERCA) policies during the pandemic. The power of investors and the quality of coffee are the reasons the Coffeeshop Boy's stay afloat. Coffee is a refreshing ingredient that comes from annual plantations. In Indonesia, farmers cultivate Robusta coffee and Arabica coffee, the difference between these two types of coffee can certainly be known from the taste. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. Coffeeshop Boy's was originally a bottled coffee company that later turned into a home cafe. The LSSR and ERCA policies make this business must implement the right marketing strategy with the SWOT analysis method to find out the appropriate marketing strategy for this business in maintaining its business in the midst of a pandemic. The results of the SWOT analysis have shown that the total score of the IFAS matrix for strength items is 3.956 while for weakness items are 1.678. The results of the SWOT analysis have shown that the total score of the EFAS matrix for opportunity items is 3.241 while for threats items are 3.359. Based on the coordinates of the IFAS and EFAS matrices, Coffeeshop boy's is in quadrant 2 (ST Strategy) with a product diversification strategy. This has shown that Coffeeshop boy's can face the various threats that exist by taking advantage of the strengths they have. The ST strategy that needs to be implemented is to create new product innovations, provide special offers for new consumers, consumers who are having birthdays, or booking meetings, extend operational time, and create events to strengthen Coffeeshop Boy's branding.
Seasonal and interannual variability of fish species composition in catches of bottom nets in the Russian waters of the Kunashir Strait
Authors: Velikanov A. Ya. , Mukhametov I. N. , Shevchenko G. V. , Tshai Zh. R. , Chastikov V. N.
Published: April 2023

Seasonal and interannual variability of the demersal fish species composition is considered for the depths of 70–315 m in the eastern Kunashir Strait on the data obtained in 1998–2014. The fish community includes the species belonged to nine zoogeographical complexes and eighth ecological groups. Among them, species diversity is higher for the arctic-boreal, wide-boreal Pacific, wide-boreal Asian, and low-boreal Asian complexes and for the sublittoral, elittoral, and mesobental groups. The species diversity of fish in the surveyed area depends on seasonal migrations of demersal and pelagic fishes, including pacific salmon and some subtropical and tropical species. Interannual variations in the species composition are determined mainly by changes in the depth of netting and water temperature, but do not depend on the timing of samples collection during a season.
Some biological parameters of pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) in the Busse Lagoon (Sakhalin Island) in 2010–2020
Authors: Kim A. Ch. , Lozhkin D. M.
Published: April 2023

Size-age structure and spatial distribution of pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in the Busse Lagoon (Sakhalin Island) in 2010–2020 are analyzed. The oyster colony is in depression. Height of the shells, weight and age of clams have decreased significantly during the decade of observations. The oysters with non-commercial size dominate in the colony.
Influence of early melting of the ice cover and high water level on functioning of the coastal rookery for baikal seal (Pusa sibirica Gm.) on Dolgiy Island (Lake Baikal), on materials of 2020
Authors: Petrov E. A. , Kupchinsky A. B.
Published: April 2023

Functioning of a coastal seal rookery is considered on example of those located on Dolgiy Island in Lake Baikal, regularly visited by baikal seal Pusa sibirica Gm., which is constantly monitored by video surveillance. A case of the year 2020 with extremely early (comparing to 2011–2019) destruction and disappearance of ice in the northern part of the lake and rapid rise of the water level in summer-autumn is analyzed. Timing of the seals haul onshore and their abundance in rookery depend on the ice conditions: the lower ice cover – the earlier hauling-out and the higher abundance. Since the beginning of the rookery formation in May, up to 400 animals roosted there at the same time. Too early disappearance of the floating ice caused an abnormally large portion of individuals with incomplete molting on the rookery, and the delay in molting affected likely negatively on the animals health. Other negative factor was the deficit of available solid substrate for hauling-out because of rapid rise of the water level, particular in early summer. However, a large number of very well-fed adult females and males was observed on the rookery in May; presumably they did not participate in reproduction of population in 2020.
Feeding of walleye pollock and its feeding base in the Chukchi Sea in summer-autumn period
Authors: Kuznetsova N. A. , Shebanova M. A.
Published: April 2023

Data on feeding of walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus (3–70 cm long) in the Chukchi Sea in summer-autumn of 2017–2020 are presented. The food base includes zooplankton, benthic invertebrates and fish. The juveniles in the northwestern part of the sea consumed 0.033 t/km2 of prey per day, mainly fish (30.9 %), mysids (20.1 %) and amphipods (13.9 %), whereas the portion of copepods and euphausiids was 5.0–7.6 % of the diet. In the southwestern part of the sea, the juveniles consumption was much higher, as 0.200 t/km2 of prey per day, and included mainly euphausiids and copepods (24.9–51.1%). The adults with length 40–70 cm long dominated in the southwestern Chukchi Sea and consumed on average 13.2 t/km2 of prey per day, shared between fish (42 %), euphausiids (20 %), copepods (6 %), and decapods (11 %). Composition and structure of plankton was different between the main water masses on the shelf occupied the northern and the southern parts of the sea. In the northwestern Chukchi Sea, zooplankton distributed with the mean spatial density of 56.3 t/km2, formed mostly by chaetognaths (35.3 t/km2) and copepods (12.6 t/km2). In the southwestern Chukchi Sea, the mean spatial density of zooplankton was 49.2 t/km2, mostly euphausiids (17.3 t/km2), chaetognaths (15.8 t/km2) and copepods (9.2 t/km2). The total density was close to the level observed in the 2000s, but slight decreasing in biomass of chaetognaths and copepods was observed, mainly due to the recent lack of cold-water species Calanus glacialis, whereas the biomass of euphausiids, in particularly Thysanoessa inermis, had almost doubled. Biomass of the main groups of zooplankton prevailing in the diet in the Chukchi Sea in summer-autumn, as copepods and euphausiids, exceeded daily consumption of these groups by walleye pollock in 6–11 times that may indicate a sufficient food supply for this species. Besides, walleye pollock dwelled at the sea bottom and fed on shrimps, gammarids, bottom polychaetes, echiurids, mollusks, and also bottom fish. Total fullness of the pollock stomachs was in the range of 218–228 ‱ that also suggested successful feeding.
The database on oceanography of the eastern Okhotsk Sea
Authors: Kolomeytsev V. V. , Gorin S. L.
Published: April 2023

Database for the data of oceanographic observations in the eastern part of the Okhotsk Sea (on the shelf of West Kamchatka and in adjacent waters) obtained in 1888–2020 is created in KamchatNIRO (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky) that introduces many previously inaccessible data into scientific circulation and thus provides new possibilities for exploration of this area. The database is heterogeneous in its temporal and spatial resolution. The 1961–1990 period is better covered by the data, whereas the observations in the last three decades (1991–2020) are slightly less numerous. Spatial density of observations increases from the open sea to the coast and from the north to the south; the densest net of stations is located at the southwestern coast of Kamchatka.
A method to determine patterns for changing parameters of the rope-net shell of midwater trawl along its length
Authors: Simkin L. M.
Published: April 2023

A technique for designing the rope-net shell of midwater trawl is described on example of the trawl Sirius Shelf project AS 11.012.000 designed by Aquaservice Ltd. Diagrams of the rope-net shell parameters distribution along trawl are used. The technique allows to analyze variations of these parameters for their optimization. A wide range of the trawl designing criteria can be taken into account using the diagram approach.
Comparison on two different methods for assessment of population fertility of the Okhotsk herring on the data of standard roe survey
Authors: Dulenin A. A. , Dulenina P. A. , Sviridov V. V.
Published: April 2023

The main part of the spawning grounds of herring in the northwestern Okhotsk Sea, from the Ayan Bay to the Eirineiskaya Bay, was surveyed on June 3–21, 2022 using standard methods of the roe diving survey. In order to rationalize the survey methodology, the herring population fertility (PF) was evaluated using two different approaches. The first is a standard method (described by Farkhutdinov, 2005) with calculation of the spawning ground areas and the roe density (RD) for each of them. The second method is based on the relationship between the total area of spawning grounds and PF detected previously by Dulenin and Didenko (2021). The spawning conditions for Okhotsk herring were abnormal in 2022. Just before the mass spawning, a strong storm had destroyed many spawning substrates and redistributed the spawning shoals of herring in the coastal zone. As the result, mean RD was extremely low – 1075318 eggs/m2 (long-term average value was 4170320 eggs/m2), but herring spawned in new areas, additionally to usual spawning grounds, so the total area of surveyed spawning grounds was rather large, as 38.68 km2. The population fertility calculated for this total area using the relationship between these indices was 182 . 1012 eggs that corresponded to the spawning stock number (SSN) of 6.513 . 109 ind. and the spawning stock biomass (SSB) of 1.823 . 106 t. These estimates match well with results of the stock assessment by other methods. On the contrary, unrealistic low assessments were provided using the routine method with calculation of RD on the annually surveyed spawning grounds (PF 51 . 1012 eggs, SSN 1.936 . 109 ind., SSB 0.542 . 106 t), because the spawning on destructed substrate could not represent adequately the state of the herring population during 2–3 years, until restoration of the algae belt. Besides, the standard method for data processing of the roe diving surveys is based on a number of non-formalized subjective assessments and assumptions that cannot ensure verification of the survey results. In opposite to this disadvantage, the calculation of PF by the area of spawning grounds is methodologically simple and allows to use remotely operated underwater vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles and geographic information systems, with complete hardware and software documentation of survey materials. Thus, the PF evaluation using its relationship with the total area of spawning grounds is recommended for introduction as the main method of the Okhotsk herring stock assessment.
PInk salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) on the continental coast of the Okhotsk Sea. Communication 1. The juveniles
Authors: Marchenko S. L.
Published: April 2023

Data on juvenile pink salmon from the continental coast of the Okhotsk Sea obtained in 1960s–2010s are summarized. The timing and dynamics of their downstream migration are considered in terms of biological parameters and nutrition. Brief information on their early marine life is presented. The mass seaward migration of pink salmon begins when the river water is warmed to 2.5–4.0 оC. The juveniles migrate from rivers to the coastal marine waters diurnally. During the seaward migration, their body length and weight do not change significantly, as a rule, but a portion of fish with external feeding increases. Year-toyearly, in the rivers the portion of juveniles switched to external feeding is higher in the years with mild spring flood.
On state of commercial herd of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and forecasting its abundance at Iturup Island
Authors: Elnikov A. N. , Zelennikov O. V.
Published: April 2023

Population dynamics and size-age structure are analyzed for the chum salmon herd formed in the Prostor and Kurilsky Bays of Iturup Island (Kuril Islands). Release of chum juveniles into the waters of the bays increased from 10.7.106 ind. in 1996 to 197.6.106 ind. in 2020. The catch of adults was closely related with the release of juveniles (r = 0.66) and increased from 800 t in 1996 to 18,968 t in 2019. Year-to-year dynamics of the chum salmon catch coincides in these two bays, i.e. strong year-classes provide good catch in both bays and low survival causes low catch everywhere. The spawners of age groups 2+ and 3+, mostly 3+ (62 %, on average) dominated in the catches in 2014–2022. This feature makes available the forecast of chum salmon landing in the Prostor and Kurilsky Bays because of strong dependence of annual catch of fish at the age 3+ on the catch at the age 2+ in preceding year (r = 0.89; rs = 0.98). Besides, a significant relationship is noted between the annual catches of chum and pink salmon belonged to the same year-class, i.e. between the catches of chum salmon at the age 3+ and the catches of pink salmon in preceding year (r = 0,71; rs = 0,75).
Unlocking chloride sensing in the red at physiological pH with a fluorescent rhodopsin-based host
Authors: Phelps Shelby , Tutol Jasmine , Advani Deeya , Peng Weicheng , Dodani Sheel
Published: April 2023

Chloride is a vital ion for all forms of life. Nature has evolved elegant supramolecular machines to facilitate chloride transport across cell membranes. Protein-based fluorescent biosensors can enable researchers to intercept and monitor chloride in living cells but remain underdeveloped. Here, we demonstrate how this can be achieved through the introduction of a single point mutation in an engineered, microbial rhodopsin from the archaebacterium Halorubrum sodomense resulting in ChloRED-1-CFP. This membrane-bound host is a far-red emitting, ratiometric sensor that provides a reversible readout of chloride in live bacteria at physiological pH, setting the stage to investigate the roles of chloride in a wide range of biological contexts.
Functional Dithienopyrazines – Structure-Property Relationships
Authors: Baeuerle Peter , Mena-Osteritz Elena , Kreuzer Franziska
Published: April 2023

Dithienopyrazines are only scarcly used as building blocks in organic electronic materials. Here, we report efficient preparation and investigation of syn- and anti-dithienopyrazines, which were functionalized with triaraylamine units to provide different series of donor-acceptor-donor-type materials. The characterization of the optoelectronic properties resulted in valuable structure-property relationships and allowed for the elucidation of the influence of structural effects such as core structure (syn vs anti), type of substituents (directly arylated vs ethynylated aryl), and substitution pattern (a,a‘- vs ß,ß‘- vs fourfold substitution). Finally, first application of a dithienopyrazine derivative as model for hole-transport materials tailored for organic electronic devices has been realized.
A simple yet stable molybdenum(0) carbonyl complex for upconver-sion and photoredox catalysis
Authors: Kitzmann Winald R. , Bertrams Maria-Sophie , Boden Pit , Fischer Alexander C. , Klauer René , Sutter Johannes , Naumann Robert , Förster Christoph , Niedner-Schatteburg Gereon , Bings Nicolas H. , Hunger Johannes , Kerzig Christoph , Heinze Katja
Published: April 2023

Photoactive complexes with earth-abundant metals have attracted increasing interest in the recent years fueled by the promise of sustainable photochemistry. However, sophisticated ligands with complicated syntheses are oftentimes required to enable photoactivity with non-precious metals. Here, we combine a cheap metal with simple ligands to easily access a photoactive complex. Specifically, we synthesize the molybdenum(0) carbonyl complex Mo(CO)3(tpe) featuring the tripodal ligand tris(pyridyl)ethane (tpe) in two steps with high overall yield. The complex shows intense deep-red phosphorescence with excited state lifetimes of several hundred nanoseconds. Time-resolved infrared spectroscopy and laser flash photolysis reveal a triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (3MLCT) state as lowest excited state. Temperature-dependent luminescence complemented by density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest thermal deactivation of the 3MLCT state via higher lying metal-centered states in analogy to the well-known photophysics of [Ru(bpy)3]2+. Importantly, we found that the title compound is very photostable due to the lack of labilized Mo–CO bonds (as caused by trans-coordinated CO) in the facial configuration of the ligands. Finally, we show the versatility of the molybdenum(0) complex in two applications: (1) green-to-blue photon upconversion via a triplet-triplet annihilation mechanism and (2) photoredox catalysis for a green-light driv-en dehalogenation reaction. Overall, our results establish tripodal carbonyl complexes as a promising design strategy to ac-cess stable photoactive complexes of non-precious metals avoiding tedious multi-step syntheses.
Bicyclic Bioisosteres of Piperidine: Version 2.0
Authors: Kirichok Alexander , Tkachuk Hennadii , Kozyriev Yevhenii , Shablykin Oleh , Datsenko Oleksandr , Granat Dmitry , Yegorova Tetyana , Bas Yuliya , Semirenko Vitalii , Pishel Iryna , Kubyshkin Vladimir , Lesyk Dmytro , Klymenko-Ulianov Oleksii , Mykhailiuk Pavel
Published: April 2023

1-Azaspiro[3.3]heptanes were synthesized, characterized, and validated biologically in vivo as a new generation of saturated piperidine bioisosteres.
Sleep–wake patterns are altered with age, Prdm13 signaling in the DMH, and diet restriction in mice
Authors: Tsuji Shogo , Brace Cynthia S , Yao Ruiqing , Tanie Yoshitaka , Tada Hirobumi , Rensing Nicholas , Mizuno Seiya , Almunia Julio , Kong Yingyi , Nakamura Kazuhiro , Furukawa Takahisa , Ogiso Noboru , Toyokuni Shinya , Takahashi Satoru , Wong Michael , Imai Shin-ichiro , Satoh Akiko
Published: April 2023

Old animals display significant alterations in sleep–wake patterns such as increases in sleep fragmentation and sleep propensity. Here, we demonstrated that PR-domain containing protein 13 (Prdm13)+ neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) are activated during sleep deprivation (SD) in young mice but not in old mice. Chemogenetic inhibition of Prdm13+ neurons in the DMH in young mice promotes increase in sleep attempts during SD, suggesting its involvement in sleep control. Furthermore, DMH-specificPrdm13-knockout (DMH-Prdm13-KO) mice recapitulated age-associated sleep alterations such as sleep fragmentation and increased sleep attempts during SD. These phenotypes were further exacerbated during aging, with increased adiposity and decreased physical activity, resulting in shortened lifespan. Dietary restriction (DR), a well-known anti-aging intervention in diverse organisms, ameliorated age-associated sleep fragmentation and increased sleep attempts during SD, whereas these effects of DR were abrogated in DMH-Prdm13-KO mice. Moreover, overexpression ofPrdm13in the DMH ameliorated increased sleep attempts during SD in old mice. Therefore, maintaining Prdm13 signaling in the DMH might play an important role to control sleep–wake patterns during aging.
Experience and benefits of using green roofs as an element in green infrastructure
Authors: Hrechko A. A.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To analyze the international experience of using green roofs an element of green infrastructure as, to outline the main advantages of using this element, to analyze the ways of implementation in Ukraine and to identify difficulties in this process.

Results. Modern processes of urbanization lead to a reduction in the number of green spaces, climate change, an increase in the city's heat island, the impoverishment of biodiversity and more. The use of green infrastructure strategy provides a foundation for further sustainable urban development. Green infrastructure plays a key role in finding a balance between nature and urbanization. It can solve a number of problems, as well as improve the quality of ecosystem services. An analysis of scientific sources on the use of such an element of green infrastructure as green roofs was performed. It has been established that green roofs have a very long history of creation in the Scandinavian countries, their use dates back to 1500 years, in European countries the most advanced country is Germany. The implementation of green roofs has significant advantages when properly implemented can provide a wide range of ecosystem services. However, there are some subtleties for their proper implementation.

Conclusions. The implementation of green roof technology in different countries has different features, the common denominator is that when choosing plants it is necessary to use local plants that are adapted to the climatic conditions of a particular area, you need a legal basis to develop this idea. Taking into account all the benefits of using this technology, we can state that their implementation is a necessary today for adaptation to climate change.
Mathematical models for estimate of the ecological consequences of the impact of the pyrogenic factor on forest ecosystems
Authors: Chernogor L. F. , Nekos A. N. , Titenko G. V. , Chornohor L. L.
Published: April 2023

There is a need for the development of simple analytical mathematical models of the burning of large forest areas, necessary for the assessment of the ecological consequences of the impact of the pyrogenic factor.

Purpose. Develop mathematical models describing the spread of large-scale forest fires aimed at estimate the ecological consequences of the impact of the pyrogenic factor.

Methods. Analytical review of research on the problem, theoretical and computational, mathematical modeling.

Results. The results of the main parameters analysis of large forest areas combustion are presented. These include the area covered by the fire, the duration of the fire, the burnout time, the specific mass of combustible materials, the energy and power of combustion, the specific calorific value, the intensity of combustion, the movement speed of the combustion front, the influx of combustible materials, etc. Simple analytical mathematical models of large forest areas combustion have been established. These include the following models: a model with a constant growth rate of the fire area, a two-dimensional model, a model with sectorial movement of the combustion front, a model with a linear growth of the length of the combustion front, a model with a quadratic growth of the change rate of the fire area, and a generalized model. A new fire intensity classification has been proposed, containing 1–7 points from extremely low to extreme intensity. The maximum area covered by the fire (10–100 thousand km2), combustion energy (1–10 EJ) and combustion power (0.1–1 PW) have been estimated.

Conclusions. Simple analytical mathematical models of the combustion process of large forest surface areas, which are necessary for quantitative assessment of the ecological consequences of fires, have been developed.
A Case for Optimism around Philosophical Progress
Authors:   , Skrzynski Jordan
Published: April 2023

In this thesis, I analyse the meta-philosophical dialectic of philosophical progress: a discourse and debate concerned with whether and how the field of philosophy can be justifiably described as making progress or not. The conclusion I defend is an optimistic one; I argue that we can have a reasonable level of confidence that many philosophical investigations are progressing in a reasonably satisfactory manner. More than defending an optimistic position, I defend an optimism along tradition-preserving lines as well. My assertion is not just that philosophy can be defended as making progress (in general), but also that it can be defended as making progress as a field of investigative inquiry, akin to the sciences (rather than only as a ‘pragmatic’ or ‘view refining’ discipline, for example). Aside from defending my own view, I also map out, analyse, and critique the most prominent arguments for optimism that appear in the contemporary philosophical progress literature, in order to afford the opportunity for future arguments around philosophical progress to take place with more conceptual clarity and precision. Ultimately, I forward an original optimistic argument for progress based on an adapted truthlikeness model, modified to fit the context of philosophy.
Do performance metrics of self-identifying Māori firms differ from non-Māori firms?
Authors:   , Chen Lucas
Published: April 2023

The Māori economy is an increasingly important contributor to the wider New Zealand economy, with an estimated asset base of at least $68.7 billion in 2018. Nicholson Consulting (2020) uncovered more than 10,000 economically significant Māori-owned businesses (excluding sole traders), representing 6% of all businesses with active shareholders across New Zealand. Stats NZ’s Tatauranga Umanga Māori 2019 reported record profits in Māori farming businesses and the Productivity Commission’s frontier firms inquiry noted how tikanga values and “multiple bottom lines” can drive innovation and growth. Success in the Māori economy can diffuse through the national economy and improve both Māori and non-Māori prosperity. This paper examines the performance, productivity, and growth dynamics of self-identifying Māori firms surveyed in the Business Operations Survey (BOS) relative to that of non-Māori firms using Stats NZ’s longitudinal business database (LBD). The study population comprises of longitudinally matched Māori firms with non-Māori firms surveyed in BOS, based on their respective age, size, and industry characteristics. Pooled regression models estimate Māori firms have 6.3% lower labour productivity than matched non-Māori firms, but this isn’t fully reflected in wage and salary earnings. Wage and salary earnings per employee are only 2.6% lower in Māori firms, thus comprising a greater relative portion of Māori firms’ value added. Growth dynamics are not significantly different between Māori and non-Māori firms but industry differences are, particularly in agriculture and certain services sectors.
النهج الكلامي للقاضي عبد الجبار حول وضع اللغة
Authors: AKAN Yasin , HACAK Hasan
Published: April 2023

إن الاستدلال بالنصوص الشرعية أصبحت منهجا في العلوم الإسلامية منذ الفترات الأولى. ومسألة وضع اللغة أيضا نوقشت بهذه الطريقة. وعندما لم يكن هناك أي دليل نقلي يتعلق بهذه المسألة مباشرة، حاول البعض أن يستدل بأدلة غير مباشرة في الموضوع. فذكر المفكر المعتزلي القاضي عبد الجبار أولا، أنه لا يوجد أيّ دليل نقلي يمكن أن يبنَى عليه وضع اللغة، وحاول أن يبنيَه على نهج كلامي هو يتبناه. فتناول القاضي عبد الجبار المسألة في إطار المفاهيم التي لها مكانة مهمة في فكر المعتزلة، وهي التكليف، والتوحيد، والعدل، والحُسن والقبح. فبناء عليه أشارنا إلى أن القاضي عبد الجبار ذكر أساس التوحيد، حيث صرّح بأن ابتداء وضع اللغة لابد أن يكون بالإشارة التي يقتضي العلمَ الضروريَّ وأن الإشارة لا يجوز على الله. وكذلك ذكرنا استدلال القاضي عبد الجبار بالمفاهيم المذكورة التي كانت لها أهمية عند المعتزلة على أن ابتداء وضع اللغة لابد أن يكون بالمواضعة ولا يجوز أن يكون بالتوقيف. وأخيرا تم فحص مسألة النقل في اللغة ووضع الأسماء الشرعية التي نوقشت حول وضع اللغة. ففي هذه الدراسة التحليلية تم إثبات أن القاضي عبد الجبار بنَى رأيه في مسألة ابتداء وضع اللغة على المفاهيم المذكورة بمنظور كلامي بحت، وأنه شرح الحقائق الشرعية، التي كانت لها مكانة مهمة في المناقشات الكلامية في الفترات الأولى حول النقل في اللغة.
Application of the balanced scorecard and the cost-benefit model for evaluate of social projects
Authors: Solntsev I. V.
Published: April 2023

Social initiatives are not always considered in the context of efficiency the solution of certain tasks often prevails, without taking into account the necessary investments or generated results. In the current crisis, when access to financial resources is extremely limited, the issue of efficiency is of particular relevance both for the state and for private investors implementing social projects. One of the most common methods for their evaluation is the balanced scorecard and the cost-benefit model. The purpose of this work is to study the features of the practical application of these tools for evaluating the effectiveness of social projects, the rationale for specific metrics, approaches to their integration into a single system, as well as consideration of some features of the calculations, for example, the justification of the social discount rate. The work used such scientific methods as analysis, comparison, generalization and modeling. The author adapts the balanced scorecard for the evaluation of social projects, explains its structure and offers a typical model that can be used regardless the field of application (health, education, sports, etc.). Today the presence of a fair evaluation system will become an important competitive advantage that makes this study interesting for government agencies at the federal and regional levels, government corporations and businesses, as well as charitable foundations.
Selected aspects of sentiment analysis in the context of human communication
Authors: Redzimska Joanna
Published: April 2023

In the modern world, AI language-based solutions are more and more present in everyday life. Language users deal with chatbots or intelligent assistants (e.g., Siri or Alexa) that provide a human-machine interaction. This interaction relates not only to the knowledge of language rules but also to the way language exchange works among its users. Furthermore, such interaction definitely suggests implied meaning and cognitive aspects of the human communication. Thus, the research question of this work proposes the thesis that in the process of natural language processing, the above-mentioned aspects must be taken into account. The present article attempts to address the issue of whether the interpretation of the sentiment analysis models the cognitive background of the language interaction (human communication). Additionally, this analysis provides qualitative data that support the integrity of the NLP processes.
Istana Dalam Loka Sebagai Ide Perancangan Batik Sumbawa
Authors: Deni Gustu Rahma , Abdurrozaq Abdurrozaq
Published: April 2023

This research is conducted based on the low appreciation of the public and tourists towards the existence of the Dalam Loka Palace in Sumbawa Regency. Istana Dalam Loka was designed as a leading regional tourist attraction, yet its existence is not outstanding both in terms of management and facilities. It is expected that the research on the design of Sumbawa Batik whose pattern is inspired by Istana Dalam Loka will motivate Sumbawa people and tourists to show more appreciation towards the Istana Dalam Loka better. In addition, it can provide new ideas or alternatives related to the batik industry in Sumbawa Regency. This research is qualitative research with a case study approach. Methods of collecting data used are observation, literature study, and interview. The research data were analyzed to determine the design of ornamental motifs and designs of Sumbawa Batik. This research is very important to be carried out because it can offer novelty in the development of the batik industry in Sumbawa Regency and increase the interest of the community or tourists to know more about Istana Dalam Loka.Keywors: Istana Dalam Loka; Various Batik Motifs;Sumbawa Batik AbstrakIstana Dalam Loka dirancang sebagai objek wisata unggulan daerah, namun keberadaannya kurang mendukung baik dari sisi manajemen pengelolaan maupun fasilitas yang ada sebagai sebuah objek wisata. Melalui penelitian perancangan Batik Sumbawa dengan Istana Dalam Loka sebagai sumber inspirasi, maka diharapkan masyarakat Sumbawa maupun wisatawan dapat mengapresiasi Istana Dalam Loka dengan lebih baik dan mampu memberikan alternatif gagasan baru terkait industri batik di Kabupaten Sumbawa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, studi pustaka, dan wawancara. Data penelitian dianalisa guna menentukan rancangan motif hias dan rancangan Batik Sumbawa. Penelitian ini sangat penting untuk dilaksanakan karena dapat menawarkan kebaruan dalam pengembangan industri batik di Kabupaten Sumbawa serta meningkatkan animo masyarakat atau wisatawan untuk dapat mengenal lebih jauh tentang Istana Dalam LokaKatakunci : Istana Dalam Loka; Motif Batik; Batik Sumbawa