bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Obsessive-compulsive Disorder and Overactive Bladder Syndrome
Authors: Allameh Farzad , Motamed Mahtab , Poury Mohammad , Tayyebiazar Ali , Ghiasy Saleh , Fallah-Karkan Morteza , Faraji Saba , Hojjati Seyyed Ali
Published: March 2021

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome correlates with mental disorders, especially depressive disorders and anxiety disorders, and less frequently obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and occurs mostly in older people. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is more frequent in OAB patients. Most OCD people are diagnosed at the age of about 19, typically with an earlier age of onset in boys than in girls, but the onset after age 35 does occur less frequently. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between OCD and OAB. Methods: In this case-control study, 1,160 cases who were over 18 years old who were referred to the urodynamic clinic of Shohada-e-Tajrish center from June 2013 to February 2018 in Tehran, Iran, enrolled of whom 580 were considered the control group who were non-OAB patients, and 580 subjects were considered the case group who were OAB patients. The diagnosis of OAB was confirmed by a single urologist. All cases had detrusor overactivity (DO) in urodynamic study (UDS). The OAB-validated 8-questionnaire screen test (OAB-V8) was conducted, and the diagnosis of OCD was confirmed by a single psychiatrist according to DSM-5 criteria. Moreover, the Yale-Brown questionnaire was completed for each patient to rate the severity of OCD symptoms. Results: About the Yale-Brown Obsessive-compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) total score, there is a significant difference between patients with obsessive traits and the control group (P < 0.001). OCD scores were significantly higher in the OAB group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the population of the studied patients with OAB was more probable to have OCD than non-OAB control subjects in aged classified groups (OR: 6.23; P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that OAB patients reported higher obsessive-compulsive scores (Y-BOCS) compared to the controls. There is an independent correlation between OCD and OAB. However, the linkage between OCD and OAB justifies the need for more research.
Quantitative Evaluation of Pubic Symphysis in Late Pregnancy Using T2* Mapping
Authors: Zhang Xia , Gong Tao , Yuan Shuhui , Wang Guangbin
Published: March 2021

Background: T2* mapping is a reliable tool in articular cartilage imaging. It has been widely used to evaluate the degeneration of knee joint and intervertebral discs. Degenerative joint disease of pubic symphysis is the primary cause of groin pain during late pregnancy. Objectives: To evaluate the alterations of pubic symphyseal cartilage during late pregnancy using T2* mapping. Patients and Methods: Sixty-one first-pregnancy women, 48 second-pregnancy women and 64 nulliparous women were enrolled in this case-control study. All subjects underwent MRI exam of the pubic symphysis on a 1.5T MR scanner, including T2* mapping sequence. Regions of interest (ROIs) were hand-drawn on T2* maps along the left and right side of the cartilage and anterior/middle/posterior sub-regions of each side. T2* values were analyzed and compared among the three groups using analysis of variance. The average pubic symphyseal width was measured. The correlation between pubic symphyseal width and T2* values of cartilage were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: Compared with nulliparous women, T2* values increased significantly in late pregnancy in the left/right cartilage of pubic symphysis. The differences were mainly driven by the posterior sub-region; while, no differences were found between women during first and second pregnancies. The positive linear correlation between symphyseal width and mean T2* values of the cartilage was only seen in the group of women during first pregnancy, with no significant linear correlation in the other two groups. Conclusion: T2* mapping is a sensitive quantitative method capable of detecting changes in the pubic symphyseal cartilage related to pregnancy, and the T2* values increased significantly during late pregnancy.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Self-regulation Strategy Training on Procrastination, Happiness and Academic Achievement
Authors: Naderi Kheironessa , NeshatDoost Hamid Taher , Talebi Hooshang
Published: March 2021

Objectives: This study was carried with the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of self-regulation strategy training on procrastination, academic achievement, and happiness of 1st grade high school male and female students. Methods: It is a quasi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest design involving a control group. Sixty students were selected by means of multistage cluster sampling plan and randomly grouped in 4 groups of 15. Research instrument consisted of Solomon and Rothblum Academic Delay, Oxford Happiness, and Standard Academic Achievement Questionnaire. Test group received 8 self-regulation training sessions of 45-minute duration each. Results: Results revealed that self-regulation training has a meaningful effect on dependent variables (P < 0.001). In the presented model, "gender", "time and group", "interactive effect of gender and group", and "interactive effect of group and time" were meaningful, as opposed to the "interactive effect of gender and time" and "interactive effect of gender, group, and time" which lacked any significance. Conclusions: Results of LSD post hoc test showed no meaningful difference between the mean happiness, procrastination, and academic achievement scores of experimental and control groups in the pretest stage. However, in the posttest and follow-up stage, the mean scores of the two groups differed significantly.
Comparison of High-resolution Melting Curve Analysis with Specific Target Gene Sequencing to Identify the Most Common Species of Aspergillus and Fusarium
Authors: Shirvani Fariba , Yassin Zeynab , Erami Mahzad , Lotfali Ensieh , Ghasemi Reza , Fattahi Azam
Published: March 2021

Background: Currently, it appears that new molecular-based methods could substitute microscopic and culture assessment for the first-line detection of microorganisms isolated from clinical specimens. However, it will remain the "continual strategy" until this technology is attuned to identifying all fungi that can be isolated from biological specimens. Objectives: The present study aimed to validate a high-resolution melting (HRM) technique to identify clinical filamentous fungi. Moreover, it was attempted to compare the results with those of the target gene’s polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing. Methods: A total of 54 specimens of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), nail, ear discharge, blood culture, and cornea were collected from patients suspected of fungal infection. All Fusarium spp. and Aspergillus spp. were recognized based on Tef-α and beta-tubulin region sequencing, as well as PCR-HRM analysis. Results: The Tef-α sequence analysis revealed the most frequent spp. to be Fusarium solani followed by F. oxysporum (n = 3), F. caucasicum (n = 3), F. coeruleum (n = 3), F. falciforme (n = 1), F. proliferatum (n = 1), F. brevicatenulatum (n = 1), F. globosom (n = 1), and F. verticillioides (n = 1). Based on the beta-tubulin sequences, Aspergillus flavus (n = 10), A. fumigatus (n = 7), A. niger (n = 2), A. terreus (n = 1), and A. orezea (n = 1) were identified in this study. Furthermore, the dataset analysis of PCR-HRM revealed that 33 isolates belonging to Fusarium spp. were F. solani (n = 24), F. oxysporum (n = 3), F. proliferatum (n = 3), F. falciforme (n = 1), F. verticillioides (n = 1), and F. brevicatenulatum (n = 1). Moreover, isolates (n = 21) belonging to Aspergillus spp. included A. flavus (n = 11), A. fumigatus (n = 7), A. niger (n = 2), and A. terreus (n = 1). Conclusions: The sequencing method has a time-consuming and costly nature, and there exists conformity between the sequence results of the Tef-α/beta-tubulin regions and PCR-HRM. The PCR-HRM method is a reliable approach in the clinical laboratory to identify Aspergillus and Fusarium spp. However, some closely related spp. show no curve algorithm differences in PCR-HRM.
Downregulation of miR-143/145 Cluster in Breast Carcinoma Specimens: Putative Role of DNA Oncoviruses
Authors: Nakhaie Mohsen , Makvandi Manoochehr , Charostad Javad , Arabzadeh Seyyed Ali Mohammad , Motamedfar Azim , Kaydani Gholam Abbas
Published: March 2021

Background: The DNA oncoviruses, including human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are among the most important infectious agents involved in breast carcinogenesis. These oncoviruses have a broad disrupting effect on cellular miRNAs and their functions, by which they contribute to carcinogenesis. Objectives: In this investigation, we evaluated the correlation between HPV and EBV and the expression level of tumor suppressor miRNAs (miR-143 and 145), clinical outcomes, and their association with stimulating inflammatory cytokines in patients with breast carcinoma. Methods: In our case-control study, 35 cancerous tissues and 35 adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected from 35 patients. Nested-PCR was set up for the detection of HPV and EBV genomes, and RT-qPCR was used for miRNA expression in the case and control groups. In addition, serum specimens were obtained from all patients (n = 35) and healthy controls (n = 35) to determine the IL-8 serum concentration. Results: We found HPV and EBV in 14.2% (10/70) and 7% (5/70) of all samples, respectively. The distributions of positive samples in the case and control groups were 25.7% (9/35) and 2.9% (1/35) (P = 0.006) for HPV and 11.4% (4/35) and 2.9% (1/35) (P = 0.164) for EBV, respectively. Besides, RT-qPCR showed that miR-143 and miR-145 were significantly downregulated in HPV and EBV-infected cases compared to non-infected ones (P < 0.05). Data also indicated that the promotion of metastasis status was related to miR-143/145 downregulation and HPV infection (P = 0.003). No significant difference was found in serum IL-8 concentration concerning viral infections. Conclusions: Our results suggested the possible involvement of viral infections in breast carcinogenesis and adverse clinical outcomes by downregulating miR-143/145.
From Reificatory Reflection, via Reflective Recognition of Consciousness to Reflective Choice of Identity
Authors: Glynn Simon ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

Taking its point of departure from Husserl’s recognition that consciousness is intentional, and Sartre’s concomitant non-reificatory notion of consciousness, understood therefore as not a thing, or as nothingness, definitive of human identity, the article proceeds by asking how, if this is so, is it possible to become conscious of consciousness, which is to say reflectively self-conscious. Explicating the relationship between the reflective mirroring of the Self to the Self, as reflected in “the look of the Other,” and the self’s unmediated or immediate self-recognition, the article proceeds to evaluate each, before providing reasons for the perhaps somewhat startling conclusion that it is our view of the world that is apt to reflect our most authentic image of ourselves to us. While exploring the implications of this, the article concludes by investigating the role of intellectual or rational reflection in ensuring our freedom of choice, and consequent responsibility, for who we choose to be.
“L’uomo è specchio per l’uomo”. Merleau-Ponty, Lacan e la nascita prolungata
Authors: Bonazzi Matteo ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

This essay investigates the question of the birth of the subject through Lacan’s and Merleau-Ponty’s reflections on the function of the mirror, specularity, and the speculative. The first section draws on the “duplication” of self-consciousness described by Hegel in the first pages of Phenomenology of Spirit. The question of the double and the mirror is then examined through the three main versions of Lacan’s mirror stage, interpreted in light of Merleau-Ponty’s own reflections. Finally, I draw on passages from The Prose of the World and Eye and Mind to illustrate an original convergence with questions raised by Lacan’s late teachings.
L’inventivité du vivant chez Maurice Merleau-Ponty
Authors: Andrieu Bernard , da Nobrega Petrucia ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

The inventiveness of life is at the heart of Merleau-Ponty’s ontology because by separating with behaviorism, philosophy could dialogue with the sciences of development to describe several techniques that we successively study as degrees in the normativity of the living : immanent techniques, ecological techniques, bodily intelligence, and, finally, morphogenetic techniques of development. Through this analysis, we demonstrate the thesis of an activation of the living body from its reflex reactivity to its non-intentional projections in its forms.
Virtual Embodiment
Authors: Giomi Andrea ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

Although Merleau-Ponty never directly addressed the question of technics, over the past three decades, some of the core concepts of his philosophy have profoundly informed digital media discourse, especially in the field of media arts. The problem of embodiment, in particular, represents a keystone for the understanding of the relationship between bodies and technology. This paper seeks to examine the ways in which some of the French philosopher’s key concepts– embodiment, body schema, presence, intertwining, and flesh – have been employed and re-elaborated in the context of media art theory and practice. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the main conceptual entanglements between Merleau-Pontian philosophy and digital arts and performances. Thus, four topics will be discussed: the virtual body, prosthetics, virtual presence, and digital intertwining of flesh. In the conclusion, I question these concepts and their possibility/ability to pave the way for a Merleau-Pontian philosophy of technology based on the wider paradigm of virtual embodiment.
L’epistemologia dell’incorporazione attraverso la storia materiale degli arti artificiali
Authors: Sartori Samuele ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

The aim of this article is to enrich the concept of technological incorporation, as thematized by Merleau-Pontian phenomenology and post-phenomenology, through a study of the material history of artificial prostheses. We will see in the first section that post-phenomenology, by discussing the plasticity of the corporeal schema, did not recognize the importance of technological transformations; that is, it has given little importance to the inorganic, material correlate through which hybridization is possible. Secondly, we will show how Merleau-Ponty, through a reading of Marx, contributes to phenomenology a naturalistic dialectic between material history and corporeity. This relation appears central to our understanding of the constitutively plastic and performative essence of the corporeal schema. The dialectics that technologies institute, however, do not necessarily lead to an increase in one’s perceptive-agentive capacities. The last section of this article investigates this claim through an analysis of the pathology of phantom limbs, in light of the evolution of prosthetic technologies between the two World Wars.
Médiation phénoménale du corps vécu. Embodiment et corporéalité en émergence sous l’effet des technologies
Authors: Choinière Isabelle ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

The mediation of the performative body raises the question of the re-evaluation of the lived body in relation to phenomena of re-creation or re-composition involving the sensible and somatic body when it is affected by technology and incorporates its effects. To understand this phenomenon, this essay examines the interrelation of the notions of corporality (a notion which concerns the physical body in its materiality, or the anthropomorphic body), corporeality, and embodiment through a transdisciplinary approach and as an anchoring to a dynamic of self-eco-organization. Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy underpins the very foundations of this research and will allow us to reflect on the new status of the contemporary body in technological contexts. Two main notions will be used. “Corporeality”, as a form of the lived body and a transdisciplinary concept and embodiment as an act of integration by the body – here in a technological environment. In the evolution of the interrelation between the body and the changing environment, the two are in trans-relation, a trans-formation occurs. To conclude, we propose to analyze these new “realities” in a Merleau-Pontian and Nietzschean interconnected approach, that is, through a philosophy of becoming, a philosophy that flows through the body: being a body, doing, risking and creating – a philosophy that resonates with this trans-formation.
Reading Merleau-Ponty Reading Montaigne
Authors: Hamrick Will iam S. ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

Phenomenologists have always been concerned with the relationships between their methods and the life that sustains and instructs them, and which are, in turn, instructed by it. In its most general form, it is a question of relationships between philosophy and non-philosophy. Maurice Merleau-Ponty conceives of these connections in terms of a reversible inside-outside dynamic from at least Phenomenology of Perception to his unpublished manuscripts. No philosopher better illustrates this dialectic of life and ideas than Michel de Montaigne, whose life and work are the subject of “Reading Montaigne” in Signs. This paper consists of a critical analysis of that essay, and thus forms a meta-inside/outside relationship in reading Merleau-Ponty reading his predecessor. The essay examines, among other things, how Montaigne’s writing provides an instructive example of the intertwining of life and ideas as Merleau-Ponty understood it as well as a puzzle about why he did not connect “Reading Montaigne” with the two chapters of Signs that concern language.
La sensazione e il vortice del sonno
Authors: Tuppini Tommaso ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

We typically conceive of sensation as a residue of empiricism and idealism, both of which claim to reduce our experience to a sum of elementary data that the subject encounters. For Merleau-Ponty, sensation is none of these things: it defines our ability to let ourselves be solicited by the relief and questions of the world. What is sensed is not an inert datum but a gesture of existence that concerns me, invites me to correspond to it and follow it. When I respond to the invitations of what I sense, the connection between me and the world functions as the immobile axis around which the whirls of a whirlwind are formed. Whirlwind of sensation or whirlwind of sleep, because sensing is also made of a night time-space in which the connection with things seem to be broken. The inertia of sleep is whirling in its own way, just as the dynamism of sensation has its own condition of possibility in an immeasurable measure of apathy and indifference.
Modernity as a philosophical problem
Authors: Flynn Bernard ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

The title of this paper makes an obvious reference to Pippin’s book Modernism as a Philosophical Problem. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part presents Pippin’s conception of Modernity, why it is a philosophical problem, and how two philosophers have responded to it, namely, Kant and Hegel whose position in an attenuated manner Pippin supports. The second part evokes dimensions of Merleau-Ponty’s thought which contest Pippin’s Hegelianism. The third part of the paper offers a different conception of Modernity drawn from the work of Claude Lefort. Lefort’s understanding of Modernity avails itself of aspects of Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy, in particular: Hyper-reflection and Institution.
Recension d’Ange Bergson Lendja Ngnemzué, Identité et primauté d’autrui. La philosophie merleau-pontyenne de l’hospitalité
Authors: Melançon Jérôme ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

The book Identité et primauté d’autrui presents a study of intersubjectivity in Merleau-Ponty. Subjectivity emerges against a background of a world shared with the other, a human world, and is preceded by its relationship to the other. The assumption of the primary character of this relationship takes on the shape of hospitality. Such a politics of hospitality is opposed to state politics aiming for cultural security and the defense of values, taking their origins in neoconservatism and notably deployed against immigration and mixity. This original study of hospitality, departing from Merleau-Ponty in an original manner while remaining anchored in the Phenomenology of Perception, offers a response to the need to protect an unavoidable ontological pluralism.
Compte rendu de Claudio Cormick, Opacidad y relativismo. La situacionalidad del conocimiento en tensión entre Merleau-Ponty y Foucault
Authors: Buceta Martín Miguel ,   Chiasmi International
Published: March 2021

In Opacidad y relativismo. La situacionalidad del conocimiento en tensión entre Merleau-Ponty y Foucault, Claudio Cormick introduces Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s and Michel Foucault’s philosophies as attempts to face two possible obstacles for human knowledge : on the one hand, the opacity of consciousness with regard to the foundations of its own positions; on the other, the relative, non-absolute character of our claims to truth, inasmuch as they are formulated within concrete social and historical conditions.
Targets of the Censor
Authors: Diaz Eleanor
Published: March 2021

BooksStudent PublicationsArtwork
Comparison of theoretical and experimental investigation of protonation process of some thiones in acid media
Authors: Jankulovska Mirjana , Dimova Vesna , Spirevska Ilinka , Jankulovska Milena
Published: March 2021

PM3 semiempirical method was used for quantum chemical investigation in order to investigate the electronic properties and to determine the protonation centre in 1,2,4-triazoline-3-thione molecule. Confirmation of protonation center in acid media of investigated compounds was made using the values of atomic charges, as well as, proton affinity values. The results from semiempirical calculations indicated that the protonation center in the thione molecule was the sulphur atom. The behavior of thiones was investigated in mineral acid media using UV spectroscopy. The influence of the strength of the acid and its anion on the protonation process was discussed using three different mineral acids (perchloric, hydrochloric and phosphoric acid) for protonation. The protonation process in perchloric and hydrochloric acid took place in one step, while in phosphoric acid was not finished even when its concentration was to the highest degree. The dissociation constants of protonated forms (pKBH + ) and the solvation parameter m* values were calculated in accordance with "excess acidity" function method (Cox and Yates) using the absorbance data from the experimental and reconstructed spectra (Characteristic Vector Analysis (CVA)). The determined pKBH + values in hydrochloric acid had more negative value than those obtained in perchloric acid media. The pKBH + values were in agreement with the literature data for this class of compounds.
From Independent Publishers to Literary Festivals
Authors: Søndergaard Clara Sortsøe
Published: March 2021

This article examines the complex nature of cultural policy, economy and labour and their importance to the creative industries. Through an exploration of the publishing industry and the rising popularity of literary festivals and events, the article considers the challenges and the future of modern publishing and the role of funding and local policy in creating a diverse and inclusive literary identity. Furthermore, the article considers the role of publishers and literary festivals in facilitating and enabling this by creating sites for cultural and literary engagement in the face of a constantly changing industry dominated by algorithms, ebooks and new forms of production and distribution. The article therefore takes a closer look at the potential for literary festivals to fit into a modern publishing culture and the literary field as a whole, and uses local literary festival LiteratureXchange as an example of the potential of these events.
When Podcast Met True Crime
Authors: Clausen Line Seistrup , Sikjær Stine Ausum
Published: March 2021

This MA thesis examines the connection between the rise of the podcasting medium and the rise of the true crime genre. The ways in which true crime and podcasting have influenced each other reflect the dynamic relationship between media, genre, technology, and audience behavior, which is ultimately useful in better understanding contemporary American popular culture. The true crime genre helped popularize the podcasting medium, and today, true crime podcasts hold a significant place within popular culture. Together, they went from niche to mainstream, and we might refer to this process as genre-medium coevolution. Throughout this thesis, it will become evident that neither genre nor medium is static, and whereas the two might have benefitted from each other at an early stage of development, they might not continue to.
What’s in a name? Danske moskeer i et onomastisk perspektiv
Authors: Nielsen Helle Lykke
Published: March 2021

Moskeer i Danmark har typisk en kompleks navnepraksis, både pga. den flersproglighed, der præger moskeerne, og fordi de organisatorisk er et relativt nyt fænomen i en dansk kontekst. Artiklen undersøger, om moskenavne er et produktivt felt, der kan generere ny viden om muslimske gruppers placemakingstrategier i Danmark, og i hvilket omfang navne bruges til at positionere moskeerne såvel indbyrdes som over for majoritetsbefolkningen. Ved hjælp af Giraut og Houssay-Holzschuchs teoretiske rammemodel for navngivning og navngivningsprocesser (2016) og begrebet spatial scaling undersøges navne på fire danske moskeer: Fredens Moske i Aarhus, Islamisk Trossamfund på Fyn, Odense Selimiye Moske samt Khayr el-Barriya-moskeen i København. Analysen viser, at moskeerne betjener sig af et bredt spektrum af navneteknologier, der afspejler forskellige måder at positionere sig på i det danske moskelandskab, og åbner samtidig op for nye spørgsmål og overvejelser om, hvordan moskeerne (i betydningen bestyrelse, donorer eller andre navngivere) ser deres rolle i diasporaen. Undersøgelsen konkluderer, at der ligger værdifuld information gemt i de navne, moskeerne selv vælger, og at denne information kan bruges til at indfange aspekter af moskeernes selvforståelse, som det kan være vanskeligt at indfange på anden vis.
Acute Presentation of Amiodarone Toxicity with Pleural Involvement
Authors: Ramachandran Divya , Varghese Jaicob , Haridas Meera , Venkitakrishnan Rajesh , Augustine Jolsana , Cleetus Melcy
Published: March 2021

Amiodarone is a frequently prescribed anti-arrhythmic drug which is used to treat ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmia. Although it has excellent efficacy in controlling or preventing common arrhythmias, it is potentially associated with a variety of adverse effects, the most serious of these being pulmonary toxicity. Amiodarone-associated toxicities are usually seen in solid organs like lung, spleen and thyroid due to extension of its pharmacokinetic properties. The presentation is often subacute. Acute presentation with pleural involvement is distinctly uncommon in amiodarone toxicity and can pose diagnostic challenges. Here the case presented is of a 67 year old female with multiple co-morbidities on amiodarone therapy, who presented with massive pleural effusion and respiratory failure. Typical radiological findings along with exclusion of alternate causes with appropriate tests led to a diagnosis of amiodarone toxicity involving lung parenchyma, pleura, liver and other organs. She responded to withdrawal of drug, steroid therapy and supportive care.
Women’s Participation in Agricultural Cooperative Activities in the Era of Liberalization in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon
Authors: Budi F. T. , Amungwa F. A. , Manu I. N.
Published: March 2021

This study was carried out from February 2019 to May 2020 in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon. The objective of the study was to examine women’s participation in agricultural cooperatives’ activities in the era of liberalization. A simple random sampling technique was used in selecting 350 farmers from the purposefully selected 52 agricultural cooperatives. Data was collected through the use of structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, frequency and percentages) and inferential statistics (Chi square). Eighteen interviews were conducted with officials of agricultural cooperatives and public extension organizations beside 5 focus group discussions. A five-point Likert scale was used to measure the extent to which women participate in agricultural cooperative and the extent to which cooperatives have succeeded in making women participative agents in cooperative activities. The findings of the study show that 90% of the respondents agreed that women do participate in agricultural cooperative activities and the extent to which women participate is ‘much’ as declared by 33.7% of the respondents. Seventy two percent of the respondents accepted that there are factors that hinder women’s participation in agricultural cooperatives, prominent among which are: low level of education, domestic and child care responsibilities and cultural constraints with low level of education being the major factor. However, 80.9% of the participants of the study declared that agricultural cooperatives have succeeded in making women participative agents in agricultural cooperatives. Women are members of Board of Directors, treasurers, vendors of agricultural products and farmers on their own right. Conclusively, women’s participation in agricultural cooperatives in the era of liberalization is not nominal, passive or a mere formality but interacting participation as women have a voice and influence decisions in their cooperatives.
The Effect of Difference Culture Media Maggot Black Soldier Fly Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) on the Growth of Striped Catfish Seeds Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) (Pangasiidae)
Authors: Haetami Kiki , Dhahiyat Yayat , Suryadi Ibnu Bangkit Bioshina , Zulkarnaen Bagja Satria
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the type of maggot media that can produce the highest survival, growth, feed efficiency and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) to Striped catfish fingerling. This research was conducted during July 2020 – January 2021 at the Laboratory of Building 4, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran. The research method was carried out experimentally using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method and four treatments. The treatment given is a combination of commercial feed and maggot with different media consisting of A (50% commercial feed + maggot with 50% mixed media), B (50% commercial feed + maggot with 50% fruit media), C (50% commercial feed + maggot with 50% layer media) and D (50% commercial feed + maggot with 50% bran media). The parameters observed were survival, daily weight growth rate, length, feed efficiency, food conversion ratio and water quality. . Giving a combination of 50% commercial feed and cultured maggot with mixed media of 50% gave the best daily growth rate, length growth and feed efficiency results, namely 1.23%, 0.99% and 62.79% and the lowest feed conversion ratio value. that is 1.67.
The Literature Review of Blockchain Adoption
Authors: Almekhlafi Sukina , Al-Shaibany Nagi
Published: March 2021

Blockchain is an emerging technology that depends on distribution, decentralization, and encryption. Recently, it has gained wide interest in various fields of studies. Several considerable research on blockchain adoption has appeared in international journals across different disciplines, however, a review of literature on the adoption of blockchain remains rare. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive literature review of the current blockchain adoption studies that use individual adoption models or theories. This paper included the papers that are published in the 7 Scopus database from 2017-2021. Studies were analyzed to determine the adoption models or theories that are used, industry, country, methodology, and identify the most important influencing factors that drive the user to accept the adoption of blockchain technology. The results showed that there are still limitations in adoption studies in various fields such as health and education however, the field of supply chain management is one of the areas that received the most attention in the studies. Common studies relied on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) model as well as the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Moreover, perceived ease of use (PEOU), perceived usefulness (PU) are considered the most important factors affecting the intention of users in adopting blockchain technology in different fields. The research findings have implications on blockchain adoption research. In terms of theory, the findings provide a guideline for the other researchers to put their own research in a better context and thus contribute to understanding the relevant blockchain adoption issues that require further investigation.
A New Statistical Test for PRNG Based on the Attendance’s Law
Authors: Ndaw Babacar Alasane , Ndiaye Ousmane , Sanghar´e Mamadou , Gueye Cheikh Thi´ecoumba
Published: March 2021

One family of the cryptographic primitives is random Number Generators (RNG) which have several applications in cryptography such that password generation, nonce generation, Initialisation vector for Stream Cipher, keystream. Recently they are also used to randomise encryption and signature schemes.

A pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) or a pseudo-random bit generator (PRBG) is a deterministic algorithm that produces numbers whose distribution is on the one hand indistinguishable from uniform ie. that the probabilities of appearance of the different symbols are equal and that these appearances are all independent. On the other hand, the next output of a PRNG must be unpredictable from all its previous outputs. Indeed, A set of statistical tests for randomness has been proposed in the literature and by NIST to evaluate the security of random(pseudo) bit or block. Unfortunately there are non-random binary streams that pass these standardized tests.

In this pap er, as outcome, we intro duce on the one hand a new statistical test in a static contextcalled attendance’s law and on the other hand a distinguisher based on this new attendance’s law.
PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK NELAYAN DALAM PEMBUATAN IKAN ASAP DAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PERIKANAN MENJADI PAKAN PUYUH DI DESA KUALA TAMBANGAN KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT
Authors: Kuswoyo Anton , Zein Mufrida , Syahyuniar Rusuminto
Published: March 2021

Kelompok nelayan “Mandiri Putra” Desa Kuala Tambangan Kecamatan Takisung Kabupaten Tanah Laut, merupakan sekumpulan nelayan yang setiap hari bekerja mencari ikan di laut. Terdiri dari 10 anggota. Mereka menangkap ikan menggunakan pukat, jaring, jala, dan pancing.  Biasanya dalam satu perahu memuat 2-3 pekerja (awak perahu) yang membantu menangkap ikan. Para nelayan menghadapi tiga permasalahan yaitu: harga ikan hasil tangkapan naik turun dan bahkan cenderung murah sehingga penghasilan nelayan pas-pasan; sebagian hasil tangkapan (25%-30%) hanya menjadi limbah yang tidak laku dijual serta belum dimanfaatkan sehingga mengurangi pendapatan nelayan; dan selama ini mitra belum memiliki kemampuan mengolah hasil perikanan, belum memiliki keterampilan pemasaran produk (ikan hasil tangkapan), sehingga masih sangat tergantung pada tengkulak ikan. Maka solusi yang diterapkan pada kelompok nelayan tersebut adalah melatih pembuatan ikan asap dan mengolah limbah perikanan menjadi pakan puyuh sehingga meningkatkan harga jual ikan. Selain itu juga meningkatkan nilai guna limbah perikanan menjadi pakan puyuh. Nelayan juga dilatih memasarkan produk dan manajemen usaha. Hasilnya, nelayan telah mampu membuat ikan asap dan pakan puyuh dari limbah perikanan. Nelayan juga mulai mampu memasarkan produk sehingga menambah penghasilan.
PENGUATAN PERAN POKDARWIS DAN UKM UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PELAGA AGROTOURISM PARK BERBASIS MASYARAKAT
Authors: Pantiyasa I Wayan , Sutiarso Moh Agus , Suprapto I Nyoman Arto
Published: March 2021

The goal of community service in the second year (2020) in Pelaga village is to increase the role of tourism aware groups (Pokdarwis) and small business groups (SMEs) for the development of Pelaga Agrotourism Park-based on community. Through mentoring done by the team has been successfully created preferred tour packages and promotional tools online on Youtube, Facebook and Instagram. Agricultural products as supporting tourism produced by SME groups have been successfully improved quality and performance by using the brand Pelaga Agrotourism Park. It is hoped that the use of destination branding will increase the promotion and marketing of agribusiness products and Pelaga village as an agrotourism destination. Keywords: Pelaga Agrotourism Park, village community empowerment.
Primary and secondary structure of conotoxin GI, a neurotoxic tridecapeptide from a marine snail
Authors: Nishiuchi Yuji , Sakakibara Shumpei
Published: July 2002

To determine the mode of disulphide bond formation in conotoxin GI, a tridecapeptide amide with 4 Cys residues, all 3 of its peptides having different modes of disulphide‐bond formation were synthesized by solution procedure using selectively removable protective groups at the Cys residues. After deprotection with HF, one pair of acetamidomethyl groups was left unremoved, and then two sets of disulphide bonds were formed selectively. The toxic potency in mice of one product was comparable with that reported for native conotoxin GI and was almost 10‐fold as high as that of the other two products. The toxicity of the native toxin reportedly is not regenerated upon reduction and reoxidation, but this study showed that the most toxic product was the most readily formed one.
The amino acid sequence of human liver apoferritin
Authors: Addison J.M. , Fitton J.E. , Leis W.G. , May K. , Harrison P.M.
Published: July 2002

The protein component of the iron storage molecule, ferritin, contains 24 subunits in form of a hollow shell known as apoferritin. The amino acid sequence has been determined for apoferritin subunits from human liver. The sequence comprises 174 amino acids giving an M
r of 19 900. It shows extensive homology with the primary structures of apoferritins from human and horse spleen and from rat liver. Sequence substitutions are discussed in relation to the known three‐dimensional structure of horse spleen apoferritin. Evidence for a second minor sequence in human liver apoferritin is presented.
Amino acid sequence of the N‐terminal domain of calf thymus histone H2A.Z
Authors: Ball Dorothy J. , Slaughter Clive A. , Hensley Preston , Garrard William T.
Published: July 2002

The minor histone H2A subtype, H2A.Z, has been purified to homogeneity from calf thymus and subjected to automated Edman degradation. The sequence of the first 30 amino acids possesses only 60% homology with major H2A subtypes of the same tissue. This sequence difference is more extreme than that exhibited between evolutionarily distant major H2A subtypes. However, an analysis of secondary structure reveals that H2A.Z and major H2A subtypes exhibit the same general topographical features within their N‐terminal domains.
Inhibition of glycogenolysis by 2,5‐anhydro‐D‐mannitol in isolated rat hepatocytes
Authors: Stevens Hope C. , Dills William L.
Published: July 2002

2,5‐Anhydro‐D‐mannitol, an analog of D‐fructofuranose, inhibited basal and glucagon‐stimulated glycogenolysis and glucose production in hepatocytes isolated from fed rats. Glucose formation from galactose was unaffected by the inhibitor. 2,5‐Anhydro‐D‐mannitol‐1‐phosphate inhibits phosphorylaseawith aKivalue of 2.4mM. This same phosphorylated metabolite accumulates to the extent of 9.2 μmol/g wet wt in treated hepatocytes suggesting that phosphorolysis is the locus of the inhibition of glucose production from glycogen. Our results suggest that 2,5‐anhydro‐D‐mannitol can be used to produce a model of hereditary fructose intolerance and that it merits further study as a hypoglycemic agent.
Benzodiazepine receptors along the nephron: [3H]PK 11195 binding in rat tubules
Authors: Butlen D.
Published: July 2002

Binding of [3H]PK 11195, an isoquinoline carboxamide derivative, was measured in microdissected tubule segments of rat nephron. High specific binding capacities (1.1–1.8 fmol·mm−1) were found in the thick ascending limb of the Henle's loop and in the collecting tubule, whereas specific binding could not be detected in the proximal tubule. In the medullary collecting tubule, the association and dissociation rate constants at 4°C were k
1 = 3.0 × 106 M−1·min−1 and k
−1 = 0.021 min−1; the ratio k
−1/k
1 = 7.0 nM was in agreement with the estimated equilibrium dissociation constant (K
d = 2.4 nM). [3H]PK 11195 binding sites from medullary ascending limb and medullary collecting tubule revealed the following sequence of specificity: PK 11195 = Ro 5‐4864 ⪢ clonazepan, indicating that tubule binding sites might be the peripheral benzodiazepine receptors of the rat kidney.
Electrofusion of spermine‐treated plant protoplasts
Authors: Chapel Marc , Teissie Justin , Alibert Gilbert
Published: July 2002

Fusion
Electrofusion
Plant protoplast
Spermine
Identification of possible adenine nucleotide‐binding sites in nitrogenase Fe‐ and MoFe‐proteins by amino acid sequence comparison
Authors: Robson R.L.
Published: July 2002

Amino acid sequence
Adenine nucleotide binding
Nitrogenase
Fe‐protein
MoFe‐protein
The organ uptake of intravenously administered colloidal particles can be altered using a non‐ionic surfactant (Poloxamer 338)
Authors: Illum L. , Davis S.S.
Published: July 2002

Small polystyrene particles coated with a high M
r non‐ionic surfactant (Poloxamer 338) are diverted from the reticuloendothelial system of the liver and spleen to other tissue sites. These results are discussed in terms of the adsorption of the Poloxamer to the particle surface and the implications for drug targeting.
Phospholipase A2activity of pancreatic secretory factor, a new secretagogue isolated from the venom ofHeloderma suspectum
Authors: Dehaye Jean-Paul , Winand Jacques , Michel Patrick , Poloczek Piotr , Damien Catherine , Vandermeers-Piret Marie-Claire , Vandermeers André , Christophe Jean
Published: July 2002

Pancreatic secretory factor (PSF), an efficient pancreatic secretagogue recently isolated from the venom ofHeloderma suspectumis shown to exert phospholipase A2activity towards phosphatidylcholine. This activity is strictly dependent on calcium (apparentKa40 nM) and has an optimum pH around 9. At pH 7.4 and in the presence of calcium, PSF retains 40% of its phospholipase A2activity. These results are compared to the calcium dependency of the secretory effect of PSF on rat pancreatic acini. Taken collectively, the present data on PSF suggest that a similar endogenous phospholipase A2activity might be involved in the late steps of stimulus‐secretion coupling in the exocrine pancreas.
Energetics of tetracycline efflux system encoded by Tn10 in Escherichia coli
Authors: Kaneko Midori , Yamaguchi Akihito , Sawai Tetsuo
Published: July 2002

Tritiated tetracycline was actively accumulated in inverted membrane vesicles prepared from Escherichia coli W3104rif, which has a transposon, Tn10, on the plasmid, R388, by means of a protonmotive force when NADH was added as an energy source. The tetracycline accumulation was reduced to about one‐half the full value on the addition of a cation/proton‐exchange ionophore, nigericin. In contrast, remarkable stimulation of the tetracycline accumulation was observed with a K+‐specific ionophore, valinomycin. The accumulation of [3H]tetracycline could also be driven by an artificially imposed interior‐acidic pH gradient (ΔpH), but not, however, by an artificially imposed interior‐positive membrane potential (Δψ). These results strongly indicate that the plasmid‐encoded tetracycline transport was mainly due to an electrically neutral proton/tetracycline antiport system.
Temperature‐induced reversible migration along the thylakoid membrane of photosystem II regulates it association with LHC‐II
Authors: Sundby Cecilia , Andersson Bertil
Published: July 2002

Subfractionation of chloroplast thylakoids at elevated temperatures shows that above 35°C the photosystem II core and some of its light‐harvesting complex (LHC‐II) migrates laterally from the appressed thylakoid regions out to the non‐appressed regions, leaving behind free LHC‐II in the appressions. These structural rearrangements of the thylakoid membrane are largely reversible upon lowering the temperature and may play a physiological role in preventing overexcitation of photosystem II under high light intensities which normally induce elevated leaf temperatures.
Involvement of lysine residues in the binding of hGH and bGH to somatotropic receptors
Authors: Martal J. , Chêne N. , de la Llosa P.
Published: July 2002

The biological activities of human (hGH) and bovine (bGH) growth hormone derivatives obtained by chemical modification of the lysine residues were studied by radioreceptor assays using rabbit liver homogenates for somatotropic activity (SA). Control treatment with BH4−had a very slight effect on the SA, whereas the methylation and ethylation drastically reduced the acitivty of both hormones. Guanidination of these hormones and even acetimidination at a lower rate are accompanied by a considerable loss of biological activity. These results show the involvement of lysine residues in the interaction of hGH and bGH with somatotropic receptors. The structure‐function relationship of these molecules is discussed, suggesting that the lysine or arginine residues in positions 41, 64, 70 and 115 might be particularly implicated.
Tris(picolinato)manganese(II): a chemical model for the mechanism and function of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase
Authors: Yamaguchi Kenneth S. , Spencer Lee , Sawyer Donald T.
Published: July 2002

The reaction of HO2
. with the allylic groups of lipids initiates their peroxidation and auto‐oxidation, and probably represents the most serious biological hazard of O2
.−‐derived species. The presence of tris(picolinato) manganese(II) [MnII(PA)2(PAH)(H2O)], a model complex for mitochondrial Superoxide dismutase, (i) efficiently catalyzes the disproportionation of O2
.−, (ii) precludes the formation HO2
., and thereby (iii) prevents hydrogen abstraction from allylic and thiol groups. Such protection demonstrates that a primary function of superoxide dismutase is to block the formation of HO2
., which is the obligatory intermediate for the nonenzymatic proton‐induced disproportionation process. This requires that the primary step for the enzyme‐O2
.− reaction be kinetically favored and dominant relative to the protonation reaction (HA + O2
.−).
Na+/H+ antiport in isolated plasma membrane vesicles from the halotolerant alga Dunaliella salina
Authors: Katz Adriana , Kaback H.Ronald , Avron Mordhay
Published: July 2002

Plasma membrane vesicles isolated from the halotolerant alga Dunaliella salina catalyze Na+/H+ antiport in a manner that is highly specific for Na+ (apparent K
m ≅ 16 mM). Li+ and amiloride inhibit the process competitively with apparent K
i values of 38 and 37 μM, respectively. It is suggested that Na+/H+ antiport in this organism plays a major role in maintaining low intracellular Na+ concentrations and may also function to drive Na+/HCO3
− symport, an important step in photosynthetic carbon fixation.