bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gündelik Yaşam Alışkanlıkları, Sosyal Sermaye ve Yaşam Doyumu İlişkisi: Lise ve Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerinde Karşılaştırmalı Bir İnceleme
Authors: KÖSE Mehmet Fatih , AKYÜREK Muhammet İbrahim
Published: September 2022

Araştırmanın temel amacı, lise ve üniversite öğrencisi gençlerin gündelik yaşam alışkanlıkları, sosyal sermayeleri ve yaşam doyumları arasındaki ilişkilerin karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesidir. İlişkisel tarama modelinde tasarlanan araştırma, Türkiye genelinde 2472 lise ve üniversite öğrencisinin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada; Gündelik Yaşam Alışkanlıkları Ölçeği, Sosyal Sermaye Ölçeği ve Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veri analizinde betimsel istatistiklerin yanı sıra, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri ile yol analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın temel bulguları, gündelik yaşam alışkanlıklarının öğrencilerin sosyal sermayeleri üzerindeki etkisinin güçlü ve anlamlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Gündelik yaşamda akademik faaliyetler ve çevrim içi faaliyetler öğrencilerin yaşam doyumlarını sosyal sermaye aracılığı ile olumsuz etkilemektedir. Araştırma sonuçları, akademik faaliyetlerin öğrencilerin sosyal sermayelerine ve yaşam doyumlarına olumlu bir katkı sağlayamadığını ortaya koyması bakımından eğitim sisteminin en temel iki önceliği olan toplumsallaşma ve mutluluk bağlamındaki eksikliklerine dikkat çekmektedir. Gündelik yaşam alışkanlıklarının öğrencilerin sosyal sermayelerini ve yaşam doyumlarını artırmak açısından öğrenci merkezli, önemli ve pratik bir müdahale alanı olarak dikkate alınması önerilmektedir.
Farklılaştırılmış Öğretim Yaklaşımına Yönelik Öğretmen Yeterlikleri
Authors: ZORALOĞLU Saadet , ŞAHİN Ali E.
Published: September 2022

Farklılaştırılmış öğretim, eğitimde adaleti sağlayan bir yaklaşımdır. Bu nedenle öğretmenlerin, öğretimi farklılaştırması profesyonel bir sorumluluktur. Bu çalışmada, farklılaştırılmış öğretim yaklaşımına yönelik yeterliklerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sorusunun doğası ve bağlamına uygun olarak, yeterliklerin belirlenmesi için ilgili alan literatürünün incelenmesi yöntemi seçilmiştir. Araştırmada nitel yaklaşımlardan doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın veri kaynağını, farklılaştırılmış öğretim yaklaşımıyla ilgili hakemli yayınlar ve temel kaynak kitaplar oluşturmaktadır. Veri kaynaklarının analiz edilmesiyle tespit edilen yeterlikler, bulgularıyla birlikte belli temalar altında toplanmıştır. Ardından uzmanlardan görüş alınarak yeterliklere son hâli verilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda bilgi, beceri ve inanış olmak üzere üç yeterlik alanı altında 39 öğretmen yeterliği tespit edilmiştir. Belirlenen yeterliklerin kullanılması doğrultusunda araştırma ve uygulamaya dönük önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Öğretmenlerin “Ara Tatil” ve “İdeal Ara Tatil” Kavramlarına İlişkin Metaforik Algıları
Authors: KOŞAR Didem , ERTÜRK Su , KOŞAR Serkan
Published: September 2022

The aim of this research was to determine the teachers’ perceptions about the concept of "midterm break" and "ideal midterm break" through metaphors. The research was designed descriptively and conducted in the phenomenology pattern, one of the qualitative research methods. 414 teachers working in public schools in the 2019-2020 academic year constitute the working group of the research. As the data collection tool, “Midterm break was like …, because…” regarding the midterm break practice, which was implemented for the first time in 2019 in Turkey. And “Midterm break should be like …, because …”, an open-ended online questionnaire containing conceptual/ideal metaphor questions and demographic information were used. The collected data were analyzed with content analysis method in qualitative research design. In the analysis of the data, categories and themes were created from the metaphors that emerged with the coding based on the analogy, characterization and evaluation aspects of the figurative images. Whether the metaphors represent conceptual categories has been confirmed by the researchers. As a result of the analysis, 274 different metaphors related to the midterm break in seven conceptual categories, and 310 different metaphors in the ideal midterm break were collected in nine ideal categories. The believes that the midterm holiday increases the motivation and provides opportunities and on contrast the believes that midterm holiday is waste of time and cannot be conducted well form the basis of conceptual themes. On the other hand the themes regarding the ideal midterm holiday provided by the teachers are improving, can be applied, resting, enjoying and open to participation. As the result of the study, it is found that the meaning given to midterm holiday by the teachers is positive and it is seen that the belief that it will be more planned and useful by the time is common.
Standing wave solution for the generalized Jackiw-Pi model
Authors: Huh Hyungjin , Jin Yuanfeng , Ma Youwei , Jin Guanghui
Published: September 2022

We study the existence and nonexistence of the standing wave solution for the generalized Jackiw-Pi model by using variational method. Depending on interaction strength

λ

\lambda

, we have three different situations. The existence and nonexistence of the standing wave solution correspond to

1
<
λ

1\lt \lambda

and

0
<
λ
<
1

0\lt \lambda \lt 1

, respectively. We have the explicit solution of self-dual equation for the borderline

λ
=
1

\lambda =1

.
Robustly Optimal Monetary Policy in a Behavioral Environment
Authors: Bounader Lahcen , Traficante Guido
Published: September 2022

This paper studies robustly optimal monetary policy with myopic agents in a behavioral New Keynesian model. The central bank is assumed to have Knightian uncertainty about the degree of myopia and the degree of price stickiness. We show that, under uncertainty about myopia, the Brainard’s attenuation principle holds under commitment and discretion, while, under uncertainty on price stickiness, alone or in addition to myopia, monetary policy becomes more aggressive. Welfare evaluation shows significant gains from a robust conduct of monetary policy when the model is distorted.
Two Methods for the Implicit Integration of Stiff Reaction Systems
Authors: Butakov Ivan D. , Terekhov Kirill M.
Published: September 2022

We present two methods for the implicit integration of nonlinear stiff systems.
Direct application of the Newton method to backward Euler discretization of such systems may diverge.
We observe that the solution is recovered by smoothing out certain eigenvalues in the Jacobian matrix.
To this end, we introduce a solution-dependent matrix-weighted combination of backward and forward Euler methods.
The weight is tuned on each Newton iteration to reproduce the solution with an exponential integrator, whereby a weight function for smoothing eigenvalues is obtained.
We apply the proposed techniques, namely quasi-Newton backward Euler and matrix-weighted Euler, to several stiff systems, including Lotka–Volterra, Van der Pol’s, and a blood coagulation cascade.
A subspace of linear nonconforming finite element for nearly incompressible elasticity and Stokes flow
Authors: Zhang Shangyou
Published: September 2022

The linear nonconforming finite element, combined with constant finite element for pressure, is stable for the Stokes problem. But it does not satisfy the discrete Korn inequality. The linear conforming finite element satisfies the discrete Korn inequality, but is not stable for the Stokes problem and fails for the nearly incompressible elasticity problems. We enrich the linear conforming finite element by some nonconforming P1 bubbles, i.e., select a subspace of the linear nonconforming finite element space, so that the resulting linear nonconforming element is both stable and conforming enough to satisfy the Korn inequality, on HTC-type triangular and tetrahedral grids. Numerical tests in 2D and 3D are presented, confirming the analysis.
Multiplicity solutions for a class of p-Laplacian fractional differential equations via variational methods
Authors: Chen Yiru , Gu Haibo
Published: September 2022

While it is known that one can consider the existence of solutions to boundary-value problems for fractional differential equations with derivative terms, the situations for the multiplicity of weak solutions for the p-Laplacian fractional differential equations with derivative terms are less considered. In this article, we propose a new class of p-Laplacian fractional differential equations with the Caputo derivatives. The multiplicity of weak solutions is proved by the variational method and critical point theorem. At the end of the article, two examples are given to illustrate the validity and practicality of our main results.
Challenges and opportunities in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Wang Xiaobo
Published: September 2022

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has emerged as the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and is rapidly increasing in prevalence due to the obesity epidemic. There are currently no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs to treat NASH, and therefore a critical need exists for novel therapies that can halt or reverse the progression to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinical trials to date using single drugs to treat NASH have shown disappointing efficacy. Combination therapies to attack different targets underlying disease pathogenesis of NASH are being explored as a strategy currently. Novel RNA therapies are also being developed to target previously “undruggable” targets and are close to the maturity necessary to be viable therapeutic approaches for the treatment of NASH and fibrosis. Identifying circulating biomarkers of fibrosis could serve as a valuable, non-invasive diagnostic tool to guide clinical practice. Despite progress in translational and clinical research, one of the major reasons for the absence of effective therapeutics is our incomplete understanding of the pathophysiology that underlies the progression from steatosis to NASH and its most deadly consequence-fibrosis. Multi-omics platforms will help to drive effective precision medicine development in NASH and hepatology.
The crystal structure of N′-[bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]pyridine-4-carbohydrazide, C19H15N3O3
Authors: Setshedi Itumeleng B. , Lemmerer Andreas , Smith Mark G.
Published: September 2022

C19H15N3O3, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 20.6917(6) Å, b = 10.1392(3) Å, c = 16.9544(5) Å, β = 115.739(1)°, V = 3204.07(17) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0364, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1009, T = 173 K.
Social Thought from the Global South: A Comparative-Historical View from Xi’s China and Modi’s India
Authors: Schroeder Ralph
Published: September 2022

It has been argued that social thought is Western-centric or Euro-centric. This essay argues that there are alternatives that have been put forward from the Global South, though they have been overlooked. Examples can be found in the different schools of thought about development that have emerged in India and China. Non-Western social thought in these two countries borrows from – but also departs from – that in the West, and includes versions of socialism, liberalism, and conservatism. These schools of thought also blur, as do Western ones, academic theories, political ideologies, and models of societal development. This essay will briefly present these schools, but the aim is not to detail them but rather to spell out their implications. These implications include that they do not map easily onto the Western left-right divide. Further, these schools illuminate how forms of inclusion and exclusion have been shaped by the state’s responses to distinctive pressures “from below.” In the conclusion, the essay discusses how these schools offer models for other parts of the Global South and hold a mirror up to the West.
Fumaric acid: fermentative production, applications and future perspectives
Authors: Mohmad Masrat , Agnihotri Nivedita , Kumar Vikas
Published: September 2022

The rising prices of petroleum-based chemicals and the growing apprehension about food safety and dairy supplements have reignited interest in fermentation process to produce fumaric acid. This article reviews the main issues associated with industrial production of fumaric acid. Different approaches such as strain modulation, morphological control, selection of substrate and fermentative separation have been addressed and discussed followed by their potential towards production of fumaric acid at industrial scale is highlighted. The employment of biodegradable wastes as substrates for the microorganisms involved in fumaric acid synthesis has opened an economic and green route for production of the later on a commercial scale. Additionally, the commercial potential and technological approaches to the augmented fumaric acid derivatives have been discussed. Conclusion of the current review reveals future possibilities for microbial fumaric acid synthesis.
A Pécsi Bányavasutak szerepe az iparvidék történetében 1854 és 2004 között – A tulajdonjoggal rendelkező vállalatok rövid története
Authors: Bércesi Richárd
Published: September 2022

Publikációmban rövid, áttekintő jellegű ismertetést adok az 1854 és 2004 között a Pécsi Bányavasutak felett tulajdonjoggal rendelkező hét vállalatnak (Első Dunagőzhajózási Társaság – a továbbiakban: DGT, Magyar és Szovjet Hajózási Rt. – a továbbiakban: MESZHART, Pécsi Szénbányák Vállalat, Mecseki Szénbányák, Pécsi Hőerőmű Rt., és jogutódja, a PannonPower Zrt., Magyar Államvasutak – a továbbiakban: MÁV) a bányavidékhez kapcsolódó történetéről, amely téma a személyes érdeklődésemen alapuló pécsi bányatörténeti kutatásom része.

Vizsgálataim során több kérdésre is választ kerestem: Mely cégek rendelkeztek tulajdonjoggal a pécsi bányavidék, és azon belül a Pécsi Bányavasutak vonalhálózata felett? Hogyan kerültek kapcsolatba a várossal és a bányavidékkel? Üzleti profil szempontjából (pl.: vállalatszerkezet, belső működés, szénfelhasználási szempontok) miben különböztek egymástól és miben hasonlítottak?

Mindegyik cég maradandó értékeket hagyott a város és az iparág történetében vagy a jelentőségük nem volt egyforma mértékű? Hogyan változott megítélésük a korábbi időszakokban és milyen emlékezetük van napjainkban?

Összegezve arra a következtetésre jutottam, hogy a jelenleg is ellentétes megítélésű bányatulajdonos vállatok (főként a DGT és a Mecseki Szénbányák) egyaránt kiemelt fontossággal bírnak a 160 000 főnyi lakosra növekvő Pécs városa, az iparvidék, és azon belül a Pécsi Bányavasutak történetében, mivel a fejlesztést célzó beruházásaik, (a legtöbb esetben az országos politika elvárásainak megfelelni akaró) üzletpolitikai, gazdasági és vállalatszerkezeti döntéseik alapjaiban határozták meg a pécsi bányavidék működését és sorsát.
A tudományos teljesítmény és a publikációs stratégiák – Tudománymetriai, bibliometriai mérések a bölcsészet- és társadalomtudományokban
Authors: Varga Katalin , Dömsödy Andrea
Published: September 2022

A kutatás célja, hogy bemutassa a tudományos teljesítmények értékelésére használható tudománymetriai, bibliometriai mérések jelentőségét a bölcsészet- és társadalomtudományok publikációs stratégiáinak megismerésében. Az elméleti alapok után a 2000-2015 közötti időszak hazai neveléstudományi publikációinak vizsgálatán keresztül mutatja be a publikációs stratégiák tudományspecifikus jellegzetességeit. A neveléstudomány mintaként alkalmas arra, hogy körvonalazódjanak a bölcsészet- és társadalomtudományok sajátosságai. A vizsgálat második része a nemzetközi adatbázisokban is regisztrált magyar publikációkat vizsgálja hasonló módszerekkel. Hipotézisünk szerint a publikációk statisztikailag mérhető jellemzőiből kibonthatók a tudományterületre jellemző publikációs stratégiák, és ezek változásaiból nyomon követhetők a tudományterületre jellemző publikációs trendek. Az eredményekből jól látszik, hogy bár a bölcsészet- és társadalomtudományi témájú publikációk, ezen belül is a neveléstudomány kutatási eredményei jelentős számban vannak jelen a magyar szakirodalomban, számuk mégis folyamatosan csökken. Ezzel párhuzamosan növekszik a nemzetközi fórumokon megjelenő publikációk száma, de kisebb mértékben. A hazai és nemzetközi megjelenésű publikációknál egyaránt uralkodó publikációs forma a tanulmány, ez is főként gyorsan megjelentethető folyóiratcikk formában. Az átlag terjedelem az évek során növekvő tendenciát mutat. Tematikailag dominálnak az empirikus kutatások. A szerzők nagyobb része a szakterületi folyóiratokban törekszik publikálni, viszonylag kicsi a szakirodalom szóródása. A nemzetközi publikációk idézettsége jóval magasabb, mint a magyaroké, és erőteljesen növekszik.
Oh, We Got Beef?!
Authors: Dill LeConté J. , Sutton Shavaun S. , Cowan Emily S. , Holdbrook-Smith Arielsela
Published: September 2022

There is a bevy of scholarship that suggests that research can be strengthened through community–academic partnerships and that such partnerships are inherently mutually beneficial. However, there are competing cultures of community-based organizations and academic institutions, oftentimes with different stakes, timelines, constituents, and sites of knowledge making and knowledge production. The COVID-19 pandemic and its “afterlives” made hyper-visible the miscommunications, misunderstandings, and misalignment of a grant-funded community partnership in which we were engaged. In this article, we employ collaborative autoethnographic and poetic inquiry approaches to theorize “beef”—a Black cultural understanding of mis/understandings, problems, arguments, fights, and so on. While we will work toward offering our reflections in this piece for our future commitments to the field as “community-accountable scholars,” we also center a transparency and vulnerability about our dis/comfort and about the actual ruptures that did and can happen in partnerships.
Re/Conceptualizing In/Visibility
Authors: Cain Leia K.
Published: September 2022

In this article, I explore the dualism of visible–invisible (henceforth referred to as in/visibility) as a spectrum while utilizing autoethnographic accounts to contextualize my personal experiences traveling through liminal identity spaces. I embrace my in/visible identities as a queer woman in a society entrenched in heteronormativity, a disabled individual whose disability is not always visible, and an assistant professor who carefully navigated her academic career beginning as a non-tenure-track faculty member. Specifically, I explore the various considerations necessary in choosing to disclose (or not disclose) marginalized identities as navigating the gray space between visible and not and how these actions align with the spectrum of dis/comfort. I traverse topics such as how in/visibility can be harmful and powerful, what the ethical considerations are in crossing the border into in/visibility, and finally, how the act of border crossing via self-disclosure, along with engaging in perceived deficits, may at times be strategic. My work is primarily influenced by Anzaldúa’s notions of border crossing, nepantla, and New Mestizas.
mPRα and PR co-operate in progesterone inhibition of endothelial cell focal adhesion
Authors: Pang Yefei , Thomas Peter
Published: September 2022

Progesterone causes vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation through membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs), which are members of the progestin and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family, and nuclear PRs (nPRs). However, beneficial vascular effects of progesterone in preventing pre-atherosclerosis and the involvement of mPRs and nPRs remain unclear. The results show short- to long-term treatments with 100 nM progesterone (P4) and specific agonists for mPRs, OD 02-0, and nPRs, R5020, inhibited pre-atherosclerotic events in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), decreasing focal adhesion (FA) by monocytes, FA signaling, HUVEC migration and invasion, and vinculin expression. Progesterone and OD 02-0, but not R5020, inhibited phosphorylation of Src and focal adhesion kinase, critical kinases of FA signaling, within 20 min and migration and invasion of HUVECs and monocyte adhesion after 3 h. These inhibitory P4 and 02-0 effects were attenuated with MAP kinase and Pi3k inhibitors, indicating involvement of these kinases in this mPR-mediated action. However, after 16 h, OD 02-0 was no longer effective in inhibiting FA signaling, while both progesterone and R5020 decreased the activity of the two kinases. Knockdown of receptor expression with siRNA confirmed that mPRα mediates short-term and nPR long-term inhibitory effects of progesterone on FA signaling. Thus, progesterone inhibition of FA signaling and pre-atherosclerosis is coordinated through mPRα and nPRs.
Summary of the Experiences and Results of Transesophageal Ultrasound-Guided Ventricular Septal Defect and Atrial Septal Defect Closure Operation
Authors: Wang Fudong , Wang Wenjun , Wu Qicai , Cao Yuanping , Huang Huang , Tao Ende , Fang Qiao , Tang Liang , Wan Li
Published: September 2022

Background: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) and atrial septal defect (ASD) are congenital heart diseases. The techniques of transthoracic closure (TC) and percutaneous closure (PC) for the treatment of VSD and ASD have continuously improved and matured. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the therapeutic effects of TC and PC on VSD and ASD patients.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 928 patients (552 VSD and 376 ASD) who had undergone TC or PC guided by transesophageal ultrasound at the Department of Cardiac Macrovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between August 2010 and August 2020. We collected and evaluated the clinical data of the patients, including age, gender, weight, inlet and outlet diameters of defect, and the operation results of TC and PC. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze means and standard deviations (SD), and the Chi-square test was used to evaluate the difference between groups.
Results: Among the 928 patients who were treated with the closure operation, there were no casualties, with 907 patients (97.7%) showing successful closure. Among the 552 VSD patients who were treated with TC, 540 showed successful close, while 12 cases required extracorporeal circulation after the failure of TC. Among the 376 patients with ASD, 256 patients were treated with TC, of which 251 were successful, and five were failures, including three shedding cases. In addition, among the 120 patients who were treated with PC, 116 were successful, and four were failures, including two shedding cases. Postoperative follow up for patients with successful closure operations demonstrated that the complications of aortic and tricuspid regurgitation, hydro-pericardium, III° atrioventricular block, shedding of closure umbrella, hemolysis, and thrombosis had not occurred.
Conclusion: Closure operation of VSD and ASD by esophageal ultrasound has the advantages of lower trauma and blood loss, shorter hospital stay, simple operation, fewer postoperative complications, and significant therapeutic efficacy.
Gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bäcklund Christian , Elbe Pia , Gavelin Hanna M. , Sörman Daniel Eriksson , Ljungberg Jessica K.
Published: September 2022

Background and aims

The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the available literature on the relationship between gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms. Specifically, to (1) explore what gaming motivation questionnaires and classifications are used in studies on gaming disorder symptoms and (2) investigate the relationship between motivational factors and symptoms of gaming disorder.

Method

An electronic database search was conducted via EBSCO (MEDLINE and PsycINFO) and the Web of Science Core Collection. All studies using validated measurements on gaming disorder symptoms and gaming motivations and available correlation coefficients of the relationship between gaming disorder and gaming motivations were included. The meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model.

Results

In total, 49 studies (k = 58 independent sub-samples), including 51,440 participants, out of which 46 studies (k = 55 sub-samples, n = 49,192 participants) provided data for the meta-analysis. The synthesis identified fourteen different gaming motivation instruments, seven unique motivation models, and 26 motivational factors. The meta-analysis showed statistically significant associations between gaming disorder symptoms and 23 out of 26 motivational factors, with the majority of the pooled mean effect sizes ranging from small to moderate. Moreover, large heterogeneity was observed, and the calculated prediction intervals indicated substantial variation in effects across populations and settings. Motivations related to emotional escape were robustly associated with gaming disorder symptoms.

Discussion and conclusions

The present meta-analysis reinforces the importance of motivational factors in understanding problematic gaming behavior. The analysis showed significant heterogeneity in most outcomes, warranting further investigation.

Registration detail

PROSPERO (CRD42020220050).
Occurrence of Oxyruncus cristatus (Swainson, 1821), Sharpbill (Aves, Oxyruncidae), in the Belem area of endemism and first records from Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Morais Luis Aguiar de , Ubaid Flávio Kulaif
Published: September 2022

We document the first record of Oxyruncus cristatus Swainson, 1821, Sharpbill, in the Brazilian state of Maranhão. This represents the first documented occurrence of this species in the Bélem area of endemism. The species was monitored in a fragment of lowland forest where it remained throughout the year, contradicting the altitudinal migrations described for the Amazonian subspecies, O. c. tocantinsi Chapman, 1939. It is possible that migratory movements are facultative in O. cristatus, or even that extensive deforestation can suppress migratory behavior, based in scattered records.
Âşıklık Geleneği Kültür Elçisi Âşık Yaşar Reyhanî’nin Müzikal Kimliği Üzerine Tespitler
Authors: AÇAR Yakup
Published: September 2022

Âşıklar, Türk kültürünün hâkim olduğu coğrafyalarda sözlü gelenekle beraber müzik kültürünü de temsil ve muhafaza etmede önemli bir noktadadır. Sosyo-kültürel yapıya yön vererek toplumun sanatsal ifade ve algısının gelenek ve görenekler içerisinde kalmasını sağlamıştır. Âşık Reyhanî, gelenek bağlılığında âşık edebiyatını ve müziğini bir sonraki nesle aktarma hususunda yetiştirdiği çıraklarla, topluma kazandırdığı usta malı ve kendi ürettiği eserlerle kendinden önceki ve sonraki nesil arasında köprü olmayı başarmış bir âşıktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Âşık Reyhanî’nin gerek kuramsal bilgileri ve zengin melodi dağarıyla, gerekse de ses ve saz icra teknikleriyle âşık müziğine olan hâkimiyetini bilgi ve belgeler ışığında ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın kuramsal bölümü oluşturma adına; ozan, âşık, âşıklık geleneği, Türk halk müziğinde âşıklık geleneğinin yeri, Erzurum ili âşık müziği ve Âşık Reyhani’nin sanat yaşamına yönelik literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Âşık Reyhanî’ye ait müzikal bulguları elde etme adına verilerin toplanmasında belgesel tarama modeli kullanılarak Âşık Reyhanî’nin plak-kaset albümleri, video kayıtları, katıldığı televizyon programları, Âşık Reyhanî temalı belgeseller ve yazılı kaynaklardan faydalanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara doğrultusunda; Âşık Reyhanî bağlama sazının icrasına yönelik çeşitli icra tekniğine, tel ve perde düzeni bilgilerine sahiptir. İcralarında ekseriyetle divan sazını kullanmakla beraber tambura sazını da tercih ettiği görülmektedir. Âşık Reyhanî albümlerinde Maya ve Divan gibi Türk halk müziği uzun hava türlerine benzerlik gösteren uzun havalar; Sümmanî ve Köroğlu havaları gibi çeşitli ezgi kalıplarında kırık havalar seslendirmiştir. Âşık Reyhanî’nin seslendirdiği eserlerin diyapazona göre karar sesleri incelendiğinde genel olarak fa# (F#3), fa (F3), ve sol (G3) sesleriyle söylediği görülmektedir. İcra ettiği eserler ekseriyetle bir oktavı aşmayacak şekilde olup 4-5 ve 7 ses aralığındadır. Yörede sık kullanılan Uşşak ve Hüseyni makamlarının dışında Hicaz, Muhayyer, Saba ve Karcığar makamlarıyla eserler de seslendirmiştir. Âşık Reyhanî kırık havaları en çok 4/4 ve 2/4’lük basit usulde ve 5/8’lik bileşik usulde icra etmiştir.
Raciocínio Matemático em Contextos Algébricos e Geométricos: uma análise com alunos medalhistas de 9º ano
Authors: Campos Adilson de , Ponte João Pedro da
Published: September 2022

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é compreender os processos de raciocínio de alunos de 9º ano empregados durante a realização de duas tarefas: uma de cunho aritmético/algébrico e outra de geometria plana. A metodologia utilizada é qualitativa, inscrita em um paradigma interpretativo com recurso à análise documental de seis produções escritas de quatro alunos: alunos medalhistas na Olimpíada Brasileira de Matemática das Escolas Públicas (OBMEP) e na Olimpíada Regional de Matemática (ORM) do Estado de Santa Catarina. A análise das resoluções dos alunos foi realizada de acordo com as seguintes categorias: (i) processos e tipos de raciocínio e (ii) representações. O resultados apontam para uma grande potencialidade do recurso à Álgebra (com o domínio da linguagem algébrica) na realização das justificações dos alunos. Tal uso parece ter permitido aos alunos diversificar os seus registros semióticos de representação e também a coordenação destes registros. Ademais, e de um modo distinto do relatado na literatura, os alunos conseguiram realizar as suas justificações sem a necessidade de serem questionados pelo professor. Tal questão parece estar associada ao fato destes alunos serem medalhistas em Olimpíadas de Matemática, certame em que a construção de uma justificação matematicamente correta assume um papel central.
Conhecimento matemático de futuros professores: aprendizados realizados num estudo de aula
Authors: Vieira Raquel , Ponte João Pedro da , Mata-Pereira Joana
Published: September 2022

Resumo O nosso objetivo é conhecer os aprendizados no domínio do conhecimento matemático, no tópico de Sequências e Regularidades , realizados por duas futuras professoras dos anos iniciais durante a sua participação num estudo de aula, e conhecer as suas percepções acerca do seu aprendizado. Seguimos uma abordagem qualitativa, no quadro do paradigma interpretativo e integrada numa investigação baseada em design . Recolhemos dados, recorrendo à observação participante, diário de bordo, recolha documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Para a análise dos dados, mobilizamos o modelo Mathematics Teacher’s Specialised Knowledge , no domínio do conhecimento matemático, vertente que aqui aprofundamos. Os resultados mostram que as futuras professoras desenvolveram o seu conhecimento matemático, no subdomínio do conhecimento acerca do tópico, ao colocarem em práticas conceitos, procedimentos e registros de representação; do conhecimento acerca da estrutura da matemática, quando estabelecem conexões baseadas na simplificação e no aumento de complexidade e do conhecimento de práticas em matemática, ao aplicarem o seu raciocínio, justificação e estratégias de generalização na resolução de tarefas.
Um Mapa Teórico das Práticas Formativas Direcionadas aos Professores que Ensinam Matemática nos Anos Iniciais
Authors: Pereira Fernanda Angelo , Mumbach Simone , Pereira Elaine Corrêa , Machado Celiane Costa , Silva Mauren Porciúncula Moreira da
Published: September 2022

Resumo Este mapa teórico, realizado de acordo com as concepções de Biembengut (2008), teve por objetivo identificar e compreender as práticas formativas direcionadas aos professores que ensinam Matemática nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Para alcançar tal objetivo, uma busca por trabalhos foi realizada no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Optou-se pela busca avançada selecionando, ao mesmo tempo, o termo “formação de professores” no título e o termo “matemática” em qualquer parte da publicação, limitado ao intervalo de 01/01/2011 a 24/09/2021. Nesse primeiro movimento, foram recuperados 452 documentos, os quais foram exportados para uma planilha eletrônica. A partir disso, foram excluídos os documentos repetidos e realizada a busca, nos resumos e nas palavras-chaves, pelos termos que caracterizam os Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Após esta etapa, a seleção restringiu-se a 63 artigos para a leitura dos resumos, no intuito de identificar aproximação com o objetivo deste estudo. Este refinamento resultou em 15 artigos, os quais constituíram o corpus dessa pesquisa. O mapa mostrou que existe um maior interesse por práticas que propiciam a valorização da profissão e dos saberes docentes, bem como apontou que Números e Operações são os conceitos matemáticos mais desenvolvidos nos processos formativos. Os resultados reforçam, ainda, a importância da partilha de experiências e da construção coletiva e colaborativa para o desenvolvimento profissional dos professores.
Gênero, Discurso e Docência em Matemática no Ensino Superior: Um olhar para o Norte de Minas Gerais
Authors: Almeida Dione Alves de , Almeida Shirley Patrícia Nogueira de Castro e , Amorim Mônica Maria Teixeira
Published: September 2022

Resumo O presente artigo busca problematizar a formação e atuação de professoras de Matemática no Ensino Superior Norte-Mineiro, considerando a Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes) e o Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais (IFNMG) como loci de investigação. Foram entrevistadas cinco professoras que lecionam disciplinas de Matemática nos cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática dessas instituições. Entre elas, duas encontram-se lotadas na Unimontes e três no IFNMG. Para nosso estudo, mobilizamos a metodologia da História Oral, utilizando um roteiro de entrevistas que nos possibilitou ouvir, conhecer e aprofundar nas histórias de vida das professoras, revelando-nos seus saberes e fazeres, além de como esses foram e são perpassados pelas relações de gênero. Destacamos que, de modo recorrente, ouvimos nas narrativas das professoras que os discursos naturalistas e cartesianos, a divisão social e sexual do trabalho e o habitus masculino da Matemática foram e continuam sendo os desafios que elas encontram para manterem-se e progredirem na carreira, uma vez que foram estabelecidos, assimetricamente, segundo o molde da cultura machista, patriarcal e androcêntrica que perpassa a esfera do conhecimento.
News Recommendation in Forum-Based Social Media
Authors: Wang Jia , Li Qing , Chen Yuanzhu , Liu Jiafen , Zhang Chen , Lin Zhangxi
Published: September 2022

Self-publication of news on Web sites is becoming a common application platform to enable more engaging interaction among users. Discussion in the form of comments following news postings can be effectively facilitated if the service provider can recommend articles based on not only the original news itself but also the thread of changing comments. This turns the traditional news recommendation to a "discussion moderator" that can intelligently assist online forums. In this work, we present a framework to implement such adaptive news recommendation. In addition, to alleviate the problem of recommending essentially identical articles, the relationship (duplication, generalization or specialization) between suggested news articles and the original posting is investigated. Experiments indicate that our proposed solutions provide an enhanced news recommendation service in forum-based social media.
Commonsense Knowledge Mining from the Web
Authors: Yu Chi-Hsin , Chen Hsin-Hsi
Published: September 2022

Good and generous knowledge sources, reliable and efficient induction patterns, and automatic and controllable quality assertion approaches are three critical issues to commonsense knowledge (CSK) acquisition. This paper employs Open Mind Common Sense (OMCS), a volunteers-contributed CSK database, to study the first and the third issues. For those stylized CSK, our result shows that over 40% of CSK for four predicate types in OMCS can be found in the web, which contradicts to the assumption that CSK is not communicated in texts. Moreover, we propose a commonsense knowledge classifier trained from OMCS, and achieve high precision in some predicate types, e.g., 82.6% in HasProperty. The promising results suggest new ways of analyzing and utilizing volunteer-contributed knowledge to design systems automatically mining commonsense knowledge from the web.
Keyword Extraction and Headline Generation Using Novel Word Features
Authors: Xu Songhua , Yang Shaohui , Lau Francis
Published: September 2022

We introduce several novel word features for keyword extraction and headline generation. These new word features are derived according to the background knowledge of a document as supplied by Wikipedia. Given a document, to acquire its background knowledge from Wikipedia, we first generate a query for searching the Wikipedia corpus based on the key facts present in the document. We then use the query to find articles in the Wikipedia corpus that are closely related to the contents of the document. With the Wikipedia search result article set, we extract the inlink, outlink, category and infobox information in each article to derive a set of novel word features which reflect the document's background knowledge. These newly introduced word features offer valuable indications on individual words' importance in the input document. They serve as nice complements to the traditional word features derivable from explicit information of a document. In addition, we also introduce a word-document fitness feature to charcterize the influence of a document's genre on the keyword extraction and headline generation process. We study the effectiveness of these novel word features for keyword extraction and headline generation by experiments and have obtained very encouraging results.
Adopting Inference Networks for Online Thread Retrieval
Authors: Bhatia Sumit , Mitra Prasenjit
Published: September 2022

Online forums contain valuable human-generated information. End-users looking for information would like to find only those threads in forums where relevant information is present. Due to the distinctive characteristics of forum pages from generic web pages, special techniques are required to organize and search for information in these forums. Threads and pages in forums are different from other webpages in their hyperlinking patterns. Forum posts also have associated social and non-textual metadata. In this paper, we propose a model for online thread retrieval based on inference networks that utilizes the structural properties of forum threads. We also investigate the effects of incorporating various relevance indicators in our model. We empirically show the effectiveness of our proposed model using real-world data.
UserRec: A User Recommendation Framework in Social Tagging Systems
Authors: Zhou Tom , Ma Hao , Lyu Michael , King Irwin
Published: September 2022

Social tagging systems have emerged as an effective way for users to annotate and share objects on the Web. However, with the growth of social tagging systems, users are easily overwhelmed by the large amount of data and it is very difficult for users to dig out information that he/she is interested in. Though the tagging system has provided interest-based social network features to enable the user to keep track of other users' tagging activities, there is still no automatic and effective way for the user to discover other users with common interests. In this paper, we propose a User Recommendation (UserRec) framework for user interest modeling and interest-based user recommendation, aiming to boost information sharing among users with similar interests. Our work brings three major contributions to the research community: (1) we propose a tag-graph based community detection method to model the users' personal interests, which are further represented by discrete topic distributions; (2) the similarity values between users' topic distributions are measured by Kullback-Leibler divergence (KL-divergence), and the similarity values are further used to perform interest-based user recommendation; and (3) by analyzing users' roles in a tagging system, we find users' roles in a tagging system are similar to Web pages in the Internet. Experiments on tagging dataset of Web pages (Yahoo!~Delicious) show that UserRec outperforms other state-of-the-art recommender system approaches.
Integrity Constraints in OWL
Authors: Tao Jiao , Sirin Evren , Bao Jie , McGuinness Deborah
Published: September 2022

In many data-centric semantic web applications, it is desirable to use OWL to encode the Integrity Constraints (IC) that must be satisfied by instance data. However, challenges arise due to the Open World Assumption (OWA) and the lack of a Unique Name Assumption (UNA) in OWL’s standard semantics. In particular, conditions that trigger constraint violations in systems using the ClosedWorld Assumption (CWA), will generate new inferences in standard OWL-based reasoning applications. In this paper, we present an alternative IC semantics for OWL that allows applications to work with the CWA and the weak UNA. Ontology modelers can choose which OWL axioms to be interpreted with our IC semantics. Thus application developers are able to combine open world reasoning with closed world constraint validation in a flexible way. We also show that IC validation can be reduced to query answering under certain conditions. Finally, we describe our prototype implementation based on the OWL reasoner Pellet.
High-Quality Policies for the Canadian Traveler's Problem
Authors: Eyerich Patrick , Keller Thomas , Helmert Malte
Published: September 2022

We consider the stochastic variant of the Canadian Traveler's Problem, a path planning problem where adverse weather can cause some roads to be untraversable. The agent does not initially know which roads can be used. However, it knows a probability distribution for the weather, and it can observe the status of roads incident to its location. The objective is to find a policy with low expected travel cost.We introduce and compare several algorithms for the stochastic CTP. Unlike the optimistic approach most commonly considered in the literature, the new approaches we propose take uncertainty into account explicitly. We show that this property enables them to generate policies of much higher quality than the optimistic one, both theoretically and experimentally.
A Proof-Producing CSP Solver
Authors: Veksler Michael , Strichman Ofer
Published: September 2022

PCS is a CSP solver that can produce a machine-checkable deductive proof in case it decides that the input problem is unsatisfiable. The roots of the proof may be nonclausal constraints, whereas the rest of the proof is based on resolution of signed clauses, ending with the empty clause. PCS uses parameterized, constraint-specific inference rules in order to bridge between the nonclausal and the clausal parts of the proof. The consequent of each such rule is a signed clause that is 1) logically implied by the nonclausal premise, and 2) strong enough to be the premise of the consecutive proof steps. The resolution process itself is integrated in the learning mechanism, and can be seen as a generalization to CSP of a similar solution that is adopted by competitive SAT solvers.
Independent Additive Heuristics Reduce Search Multiplicatively
Authors: Breyer Teresa , Korf Richard
Published: September 2022

This paper analyzes the performance of IDA* using additive heuristics. We show that the reduction in the number of nodes expanded using multiple independent additive heuristics is the product of the reductions achieved by the individual heuristics. First, we formally state and prove this result on unit edge-cost undirected graphs with a uniform branching factor. Then, we empirically verify it on a model of the 4-peg Towers of Hanoi problem. We also run experiments on the multiple sequence alignment problem showing more general applicability to non-unit edge-cost directed graphs. Then, we extend an existing model to predict the performance of IDA* with a single pattern database to independent additive disjoint pattern databases. This is the first analysis of the performance of independent additive heuristics.
Hydra: Automatically Configuring Algorithms for Portfolio-Based Selection
Authors: Xu Lin , Hoos Holger , Leyton-Brown Kevin
Published: September 2022

The AI community has achieved great success in designing high-performance algorithms for hard combinatorial problems, given both considerable domain knowledge and considerable effort by human experts. Two influential methods aim to automate this process: automated algorithm configuration and portfolio-based algorithm selection. The former has the advantage of requiring virtually no domain knowledge, but produces only a single solver; the latter exploits per-instance variation, but requires a set of relatively uncorrelated candidate solvers. Here, we introduce Hydra, a novel technique for combining these two methods, thereby realizing the benefits of both. Hydra automatically builds a set of solvers with complementary strengths by iteratively configuring new algorithms. It is primarily intended for use in problem domains for which an adequate set of candidate solvers does not already exist. Nevertheless, we tested Hydra on a widely studied domain, stochastic local search algorithms for SAT, in order to characterize its performance against a well-established and highly competitive baseline. We found that Hydra consistently achieved major improvements over the best existing individual algorithms, and always at least roughly matched — and indeed often exceeded — the performance of the best portfolios of these algorithms.
Representing Preferences Among Sets
Authors: Brewka Gerhard , Truszczynski Miroslaw , Woltran Stefan
Published: September 2022

We study methods to specify preferences among subsets of a set (auniverse). The methods we focus on are of two types. The first one assumes the universe comes with a preference relation on its elements and attempts to lift that relation to subsets of the universe. That approach has limited expressivity but results in orderings that capture interesting general preference principles. The second method consists of developing formalisms allowing the user to specify "atomic" improvements, and generating from them preferences on the powerset of the universe. We show that the particular formalism we propose is expressive enough to capture the lifted preference relations of the first approach, and generalizes propositional CP-nets. We discuss the importance of domain-independent methods for specifying preferences on sets for knowledge representation formalisms, selecting the formalism of argumentation frameworks as an illustrative example.
Reasoning about Imperfect Information Games in the Epistemic Situation Calculus
Authors: Belle Vaishak , Lakemeyer Gerhard
Published: September 2022

Approaches to reasoning about knowledge in imperfect information games typically involve an exhaustive description of the game, the dynamics characterized by a tree and the incompleteness in knowledge by information sets. Such specifications depend on a modeler's intuition, are tedious to draft and vague on where the knowledge comes from. Also, formalisms proposed so far are essentially propositional, which, at the very least, makes them cumbersome to use in realistic scenarios. In this paper, we propose to model imperfect information games in a new multi-agent epistemic variant of the situation calculus. By using the concept of only-knowing, the beliefs and non-beliefs of players after any sequence of actions, sensing or otherwise, can be characterized as entailments in this logic. We show how de re vs. de dicto belief distinctions come about in the framework. We also obtain a regression theorem for multi-agent beliefs, which reduces reasoning about beliefs after actions to reasoning about beliefs in the initial situation.