bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of potential contamination of groundwater in abandoned mining region of Ben Taieb, Northeastern Morocco using statistical studies
Authors: Gueddari Hicham , Akodad Mustapha , Baghour Mourad , Moumen Abdelmajid , Skalli Ali , Chahban Mohamed , Azizi Ghizlane , Hmeid Hanane Ait , Maach Mustapha , Riouchi Riouchi , Yousfi Yassine El
Published: April 2022

The objective of the study is to raise awareness of the effect of anthropogenic activity on groundwater in the urban area, water samples were collected from 12 wells in the area in April and September 2019.  From these samples, pH and conductivity were determined using a pH meter/conductivity meter. From these samples, pH and conductivity were determined using a pH meter/conductivity meter, while heavy metal concentrations (Mn, Fe, Pb, Cu and AL) were determined by atomic analysis and ICP-MS. The study showed that groundwater in the study area is (0.01mg/l<Mn2+<0.06 mg/l) and contains (0.14mg/l<Cu2+<0.03 mg/l), (0.02mg/l<Fe2+<0.4 mg/l), (0.02mg/l<Zn2+<1.8mg/l) and (0.01mg/l<AL3+<0.05mg/l). These concentrations are above the permissible limits recommended by the World Health Organization (0.05, 0.2, 0.3, 5 and 0.2 mg/l, respectively; p > 0.05). Bacteriological analyses show that the vast majority of the wells studied in the Ben Taib area harbour high densities of Faeceal coliform (0 to more than 420 CFU/100ml) and Fecal Streptococci (0 to over 25 CFU/100ml). The presence of these high quantities of pathogens, which are indicators of pollution and bacteriological contamination by wastewater, could be due to anthropic activities.
rise of online learning during the pandemic: a study of its challenges and opportunities
Authors: Kumar Saurav , Mir Yohana Yosuf , Singh Gurpreet , Devadharshini S. , Thongam Gelina , Agnihotri Brijendra Kumar
Published: April 2022

This article critically examines the change of mode of education to online during the global distress of the pandemic. Even though India has achieved milestones in innovation and advancement of technology for the purpose of education and has been on the path of growth, there is still a sector of disadvantaged people who are left behind in this whole race. This article then focuses on the digital divide caused to the disadvantaged sector of people and to find out the causes of their disadvantaged state to find workable solutions for improvement of it. It examines the pros and cons of the Online education by reviewing relevant literature as well as through the insights and results given by 82 participants who took part in the online based survey. According to the collected data, the loopholes due to which the online education is deemed less effective are examined. It is a well-known fact that the online mode of education made it less costly and available to a lot of people regardless of their age .
Impact of financial burden on psychological wellbeing among relatives of cancer patients
Authors: Hassan Abbas Abdul-Hussein , Sajit Kareem R.
Published: April 2022

Patients with cancer in a family member can create situational crises that can lead to emotional distress throughout the family and may impair the family’s ability to support the patient. To assess the financial burdens in family of patients with cancer and find out the relationship between psychological wellbeing and sociodemographic characteristics of relatives such as age, gender, level of education and the occupational status. A cross-sectional study conducted among 102 participants: the relatives of patients with cancer using the valid financial burden scale; 15 participants participated in the pilot study prior to the main study. The study carried out in the Euphrates Centre for Carcinogenic Tumours in Al-Najaf City, Iraq. This study indicates that there is a severe impact of financial burden of patients with cancer on their family members at the mean score of 45.94 (52.9%). Participated in the current study were male (68.2%), 28-37 years old (38.8%), married (64.7%), and (29.4%) of them were unemployed. The result indicated that family members of patients with cancer experienced a severe financial burden as a result of their patients’ illnesses.
Effect of potassium fulvate and organic nitrogen rates on growth, yield and nutritional status of onion plants grown in sandy soil
Authors: Hamza A. E. , El-Damarawy Yasser A. , El-Ashry Soad M.
Published: April 2022

Two field experiments were conducted during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 growing seasons at the National Research Centre Experimental farm at El-Nubaria, El-Behira Governorate.  The aim of the research was to study the effect of potassium fulvate and organic nitrogen on the growth, yield and nutritional status of onion plants grown in sandy soil. The factorial experiment was consisting of 12 treatments with four replicates. The experiment was arranged in split plot design. Four levels of K-fulvat (10% K2O) (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg/fed.) were occupied at the main plots and the three concentrations of organic nitrogen (15 % N) (0, 1, 2 cm/l) were randomly allocated in the sub plots. The results indicated to increase in spraying the concentrations of organic nitrogen from 0 to 2 cml-1 with the addition of different rates of potassium fulvate, the growth and yield parameters of onion plants increased significantly and morally during the two successive growing seasons. The best experimental treatments were which gave the highest yield and quality of onion bulbs when spraying the highest concentration of organic nitrogen (2 cml-1) with the highest addition of potassium fulvate (75 kg  fed-1), during the two successive growing seasons.
The Utilization of Green Algae into Bioethanol Fuel with Hydrolysis Reaction of Sulfuric Acid
Authors: Hilwatullisan  , Ibnu Hajar  , Zurohaina
Published: April 2022

The increase in population has increased the need for fuel oil and gas, our fossil energy reserve is increasingly decreasing, while its needs continue to increase. This fact opens up a chance to use renewable energy and reduce the use of fossil fuels. In addition to the depletion of the number of fossil fuels, other important reasons for reducing its use are environmental damage issues, ongoing prices, and greater subsidization burden. To overcome the situation, can be pursued in two ways. First reducing the level of consumption and both continue to develop other alternative energy sources, especially renewable energy sources. Lately emerged various findings. Ranging from cassava, sweet potatoes, to corn that is processed into bioethanol. But on its way, the development of the fuel is often burp. The clash with food needs is one of the challenges. While the crop fails and the land needed to be another problem that cannot be underestimated, especially amid the issue of global warming. BioEthanol itself is processed from carbohydrates or starch contained in natural materials. During this time bioethanol is produced by many food crops such as corn, cassava, and sweet potatoes. In fact, these materials are still needed as a support for foodstuffs. Through this study, the author lifted the green algae (Cladophora sp) as one of the alternative solutions in the production of bioethanol which can someday become an alternative fuel. This is because green algae (Cladophora sp) are scattered everywhere and the Carbohydrates content is quite high i.e. 52.54-60.98% (Khuantrairong et al., 2011). In this research researchers utilize the green algae to produce alternative fuels by looking at how the H2SO4 solvent concentration affects the resulting product.
ANALISIS PERAN MEDIA SOSIAL TWITTER RUANG GURU SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF SARANA PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENGGUNA AKTIF TWITTER RUANG GURU MELALUI #RUANGGURU
Authors: Aziz Reza Randisa  , Yoga Andriyan
Published: April 2022

Ruang Guru hadir untuk memberikan sarana pendidikan alternatif di Indonesia dalam bentuk pendidikan secara online melalui aplikasi interaktif yang dilakukan oleh guru dalam bentuk tutorial video dan animasi. Ruang Guru merupakan perseroan terbatas yaitu PT. Ruang Raya Indonesia yang bergerak dibidang pendidikan non formal yang berfokus pada pada layanan berbasis pendidikan. Ruang Guru menjadi perusahaan terbesar di Indonesia yang berfokus dalam layanan berbasis pendidikan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa tweets yang penggunaan #ruangguru cenderung merespon positif dari adanya aplikasi pendidikan ruang guru tersebut, yang di karenakan adanya pembaharuan dalam metode pembelajaran yang diberikan oleh Ruang Guru. #ruangguru berisikan informasi sebagai alternatif pembelajaran dalam mendorong penyediaan sarana pendidikan di Indonesia. Ruang Guru mendapat respon yang baik dari pengguna twitter aktif yang mengikuti akun @ruangguru dalam menyediakan dan memperluas akses pendidikan berkualitas melalui teknologi yang tak terbatas tempat dan waktu.

Kata Kunci : Media Sosial, Ruang Guru, Sarana Pendidikan, Twitter, #ruanggu
PPP DAN KEPEMIMPINAN PEREMPUAN (STUDI ATAS PEMENANGAN ADE MUNAWAROH YASIN SEBAGAI BUPATI KABUPATEN BOGOR TAHUN 2018)
Authors: Siska Andrianika
Published: April 2022

In this modern era, one of the strongest obstacle deterring the emergence of women's leadership are the cultural barriers that connected to cultural norms and even religious norms. In this regard, the succession of women's leadership has become an important agenda in order to create a non-patriarchal government. This research analyzes the leadership of women and Islamic political parties in the success of Ade Munawaroh Yasin becoming a Regent of Bogor Regency in 2018. The purpose of this research is to examine the perspective of the DPC PPP Bogor Regency on women's leadership, especially in the succession of Ade Munawaroh Yasin. The author used a qualitative method followed by a case study examination. The research data collection method was conducted by interview followed by documentation. The theoretical framework and concepts used in this study are the concept of Islamic parties and identity politics, gender and politics and also the concept of women's leadership. The research found that the DPC PPP Bogor Regency PPP no longer had a problem with women's leadership because that matter cannot be separated from the universal value of Islam embraced by PPP. This means that men and women have the same rights to become leaders on a micro and macro scale depend on the level of ability and quality of each individual.

Keywords : gender, Islamic parties, leadershipand politics, women.
POLITIK REKOGNISI SEBAGAI PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK AGAMA DI DALAM MASYARAKAT MULTIKULTURAN (STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN BANTUL)
Authors: Agisthia Lestari
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mengenai konflik-konflik agama yang terjadi di Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskripstik-analitik. Pengumpulan data dihasilkan dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam dan studi literasi. Untuk mempertajam analisis dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan teori politik rekoginisi, teori konflik, teori multikulturalisme, dan juga teori kebijakan. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa konflik-konflik agama yang terjadi di Kabupaten Bantul sepanjang tahun 2016-2020 disebabkan oleh adanya intoleransi beragama, melongarnya kohesi sosial, dan peraturan dan perundang-undangan. Konflik ini dipicu antara lain oleh Berkembangnya Kelompok-Kelompok Vigilantis dan Adanya Penetrasi Paksa Ide/Gagasan dari Kelompok ini. Media masa dan media daring menjadi pemercepat konflik sehingga melibatkan banyak pihak. Selain itu, konflik-konflik ini terjadi karena adanya kebijakan yang menyulitkan kelompok-kelompok minoritas, terutama mengenai perijinan rumah ibadat. Instruksi Gubernur DIY mengenai Pencegahan Potensi Konflik Sosial adalah salah satu trasformasi regulasi yang dianggap mampu menyelesaikan konflik-konflik tersebut

Kata Kunci: Politik Rekoginisi, Konflik Agama, Multikulturalisme, Kebijakan.
REFLEKSI KINERJA PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDEN JOKOWI SELAMA TIGA TAHUN PADA PERIODE KEDUA PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Cornelia Evelin Cabui
Published: April 2022

Presiden Jokowi kini sedang menjalani masa jabatan kedua sebagai presiden Indonesia. Namun, perjalanan periode keduanya tidak berjalan mulus. COVID-19 telah menyerbu Indonesia sejak Maret 2020. Berbagai pernyataan terkait COVID-19 seolah menjadi bahan tertawaan yang menimbulkan kontroversi. Selanjutnya, berbagai pernyataan pemerintah mengenai berbagai isu publik, seperti Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja, menimbulkan gesekan yang berujung pada konflik. Kepuasan masyarakat terhadap kinerja Pemerintah. Dengan Kinerja yang baik dapat meningkatkan kepuasan masyarakat. Artikel ini menggunakan metode studi Literatur dan observasi dengan analisis kualitatif kinerja pemerintahan presiden Jokowi menurun yang berujung pada kepuasan masyasrakat. Jokowi harus melakukan reshuffle kabinet karena Kebutuhan reshuffle kabinet sangat mendesak terutama pada kementrian terkait harga kebutuhan pokok dan energi sebagai masalah mendesak yang perlu diselesaikan.

Kata kunci: Kinerja Pemerintahan Presiden Jokowi
Analysis of ethanol extract of Solanum anomalum leaves for Antidiarrheal Activity
Authors: Udobang John , Okokon Jude , Ukpong Blessing , Akpan Sifon
Published: April 2022

Diarrhoea, characterized by increased frequency of stools (3 or more per 24 hrs), increased fluidity of stools and/or the presence of blood/mucus, affects people of any age, but is the third commonest disease in children in developing countries, and is responsible for about one third of all hospitalizations among children under five years. Research into drug treatment of diarrhoea, revealed that several species of Solanum are used in traditional  medicine to treat diarrhoea. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and possibly authenticate the antidiarrhoeal activity of ethanol extracts of  S. anomalum leaves, as used in traditional medicine.  The ethanol extract of S. anomalum leaves was evaluated to authenticate its antidiarrhoeal activity using rats.  Ethanol extract  at doses of  70, 140 and  210 mg/kg was checked for antidiarrhoeal  effect using three models of small bowel transit time, castor oil induced diarrhoea, and castor oil induced accumulation of fluid. The leaf extract caused significant (p<.001) inhibition of small bowel transit time, castor oil induced diarrhoea, and castor oil induced fluid accumulation. In conclusion, the findings of this study show that the ethanol extract of  S. anomalum leaves has antidiarrhoeal properties, therefore confirming its traditional use as medicine in the management of diarrhoeal disorders.
Comparative anticonvulsant studies on ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Zingiber Officinale Roscoe rhizome in mice and chicks
Authors: Yakubu Musa I , Enoch Timothy , Abbas Medinat Y , Abah Johnson O , Jimoh Abdulfatai A , Danbala Ahmed A , Chindo Ben A
Published: April 2022

Epilepsy represents a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries of Africa and Latin America where over 75% of patients do not have access to treatment. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Zingiber officinale have been reported previously to have anticonvulsant effect. This study was aimed at comparing the anticonvulsant effect of ethanol and ethylacetate extracts of Zingiber officinale rhizomes in mice and chicks. Fresh rhizomes of Zingiber officinale (ginger) were collected, size reduced, air-dried under shade and extracted with ethanol and ethylacetate using cold maceration.  Anticonvulsant activity of the extracts was determined by maximal electroshock stimulation (MES) in chicks, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and strychnine induced seizure models in mice. The ethanol and ethylacetate extracts of the ginger at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg were administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to the induction of seizures. Both ethanol and ethylacetate extracts of Zingiber officinale at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg produced a dose-dependent protection against tonic hind limb extension seizure in MES model, significantly (p< 0.01) decreased the onset of clonic seizure in the strychnine model and significantly (p<0.001) prolonged the mean time of death in the PTZ model. In addition, the ethanol extract at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly (p<0.001) decreased the onset of seizure in the PTZ model. It might be concluded that both ethanol and ethylacetate extracts of Zingiber officinale contain biologically active compounds with significant anticonvulsant activity, but the ethanol extract produced a better anticonvulsant activity.
Menentukan tingkat kerusakan jalan menggunakan metode International Roughness Index (IRI) pada ruas jalan Medan – Tebing Tinggi Provinsi Sumtera Utara
Authors: Ilham Ahmad
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam rangka untuk menenetukan Tingkat Kerusakan Jalan dengan menggunakan metode IRI (International Roughness Index) dengan menggunakan alat roughness meter NAASRA. Analisis mengunakan data Survey yang dilakukan oleh BP2JN Pemrov Sumatera Utara pada ruas jalan Medan – Tebing Tinggi Km. 75 sepanjang 5 (lima) kilometer, tepatnya di jalan setiabudi, dengan menggunakan metode NAASRA. Indikasi tingkat kerusakan jalan ditentukan melalui nilai IRI. Perolehan nilai IRI (International Roughness Index) dilakukan melalui hasil kalibrasi alat NAASRA selanjutnya dihitung dengan persamaan korelasi R2, melalui  persamaan IRI y=a1x+a2. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa ruas Jalan Setiabudi mengalami kerusakan sepanjang 4.000 meter (80%) dengan rata-rata nilai IRI = 11-13. Sedangkan sisanya sepanjang 1.000 meter berada dalam kondisi sedang, dengan nilai IRI=8. Dari jalan yang rusak tersebut diketahui bahwa ada 1.000 meter, berada dalam kondisi rusak berat dan harus segera mendapat penanganan berupa rekonstruksi.
Integrasi metode AHP dan TOPSIS dalam pemilihan supplier bahan baku sabun di PT. Berlian Eka Sakti Tangguh Medan
Authors: Nulsyah Riza , Hasibuan Meuthia , Panjaitan Nismah
Published: April 2022

Pada saat ini banyak perusahaan yang menentukan supplier berdasarkan intuisi dan faktor kekerabatan, sehingga tidak disertai dengan evaluasi yang rasional dan terukur. Yang berakibat perusahaan sering tidak mendapatkan supplier terbaik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemilihan pemasok (supplier) pada PT. Berlian Eka Sakti Tangguh Medan, merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang manufacturing yang memproduksi Soap Plant (pabrik sabun), dengan pendekatan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Technique For Orders Reference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Analisis data menggunakan kuesioner berpasangan, sehingga hasil yang didapat pemasok bahan baku (supplier) terbaik yang memenuhi kriteria yang telah ditetapkan perusahaan adalah CV. SMS sebagai supplier utama dengan bobot 0,3137 (AHP), 0,6873 (TOPSIS), Supplier II: CV. Intan Cemerlang (0,2831 - 0,6169), Supplier III: CV. Cherry (0,2330 - 0,4036) dan Supplier IV : CV. Ahmad Siddiq (0,1711 - 0,1618).
Analisis pengendalian kualitas pada Crude Palm Kernel Oil dengan metode Six Sigma di PT. X
Authors: Septiawan Irsyad , Ningsih Margie Subahagia , Gunawan Indra
Published: April 2022

Perkembangan industri kelapa sawit sedang meningkat di Indonesia, karena kelapa sawit merupakan tanaman primadona yang menjadi sumber devisa bagi negara. PT. X merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang pengolahan minyak kelapa sawit dan salah satu produksi perusahaan adalah minyak Crude Palm Kernel Oil (CPKO), agar bisa bersaing di pasaran, perusahaan berusaha terus meningkatkan kualitas dengan menekan angka produk out of spesification (outspec). Pada data produksi tahun 2020-2021, diketahui produk masih banyak mengalami outspec. CPKO yang diproduksi dipengaruhi beberapa faktor yaitu, kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB), \ kadar air, kadar kotoran dan warna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tindakan yang meminimalisir produk outspec dan mengetahui faktor yang paling mempengaruhi kualitas CPKO dengan menggunakan metode Six Sigma. Six sigma merupakan metode untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk mencapai target 3,4 kegagalan per satu juta kesempatan (DPMO) untuk setiap transaksi produk barang dan jasa. Dalam Six Sigma ada lima fase untuk meningkatkan kualitas yaitu Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control. Menggunakan metode six sigma diketahui kualitas produk minyak CPKO dari PT. X adalah 3.16 dengan outspec sebesar 502.703 kg. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas CPKO adalah asam lemak bebas (FFA) dengan jumlah 443.214 kg/60,46 %, kadar air 156.201 kg/21,31 %, kadar kotoran  58.620 kg/8,00 %, dan warna 75.020 kg/10,23%, dimana asam lemak bebas yang menjadi faktor utama dalam penurunan kualitas CPKO
Pengendalian kualitas produk pulp dengan menggunakan metode Kaizen di PT. Toba Pulp Lestari, Tbk
Authors: Napitu Thony Herman , Harahap Uun Novalia , Suratman Jumadi
Published: April 2022

Peningkatan kualitas produksi perusahaan keseluruhan dapat dilakukan dengan penurunan jumlah produk yang mengalami kerusakan atau off grade produk serta menghilangkan pemborosan berupa pengerjaan ulang akibat kerusakan produk secara terus menerus.tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan yaitu menganalisis kualitas produk di PT.Toba Pulp Lestari, Tbk dimana data hasil produksi 3 tahun terakhir diperoleh rata-rata off grade 2,68 %/ tahun sehingga dilakukan pendekatan dengan metode Kaizen yang menghasilkan kecacatan tertinggi yaitu jenis pulp low brightness sebesar 53,29 % dan nilai silica acid yang out spect sebesar 26,81% yang dilihat pada diagram pareto. Off grade yang berada diluar batas control menunjukkan bahwa proses yang terjadi dalam keadaan tidak stabil dikarenakan mengalami kenaikan dan penurunan.
Peran Orang Tua Dalam Mendidik Anak Berdasarkan Kitab Ulangan 6:4-9
Authors: Ligan Lukas
Published: April 2022

Educating children is a must for parents, because parents are responsible to God. Parents cannot make busy work an excuse for not educating their children in God, and regard it as the duty and responsibility of the school and church. Being a parent means taking on a great responsibility, namely educating children in all aspects. This responsibility is not something that is easily delegated to other parties, such as schools or churches, but is something that is integral to the life of every parent. The growth and development of children's knowledge will depend on the role of parents. This article tries to provide an understanding regarding the main role of parents in educating children based on the book of Deuteronomy 6:4-9. First, parents introduce God to their children through teaching, secondly teach God's commands repeatedly and thirdly, become an example in loving God. This article uses descriptive qualitative research with a literature and biblical text approach and focuses on discussing the role of parents in educating children based on Deuteronomy 6:4-9.

Mendidik anak adalah sebuah keharusan bagi para orang tua, karena orang tua bertanggung jawab kepada Tuhan Allah. Orang tua tidak bisa menjadikan kesibukan bekerja menjadi alasan untuk tidak mendidik anak-anak di dalam Tuhan, dan mengangap hal itu sebagai tugas dan tanggungjawab pihak sekolah maupun gereja. Menjadi orang tua berarti mengemban Tanggung jawab yang besar yaitu mendidik anak dalam segala aspek. Tanggungjawab ini bukanlah merupakan sesuatu yang dengan mudah saja dilimpahkan ke pada pihak lain, seperti sekolah maupun gereja, melainkan merupakan sesuatu yang terintegral dalam kehidupan setiap orang tua. Tumbuh kembang dan pengetahuan anak akan sangat bergantung pada peran orang tua. Artikel ini mencoba memberi pemahaman terkait Peran utama orang tua dalam mendidik anak berdasarkan kitab Ulangan 6:4-9. Pertama orang tua memperkenalkan Tuhan kepada anak melalui pengajaran, kedua mengajarkan perintah Tuhan secara berulang-ulang dan yang ketiga menjadi Teladan dalam mengasihi Tuhan. Artikel ini mengunakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan pustaka dan teks Alkitab dan berfokus pada pembahasan mengenai Peran orang tua dalam mendidik anak berdasarkan Ulangan 6:4-9.
Iridescence in land snails
Authors: González-Guillén Adrián , Teruel Rolando
Published: April 2022

For the first time, 14 genera of land snails that contain individuals who display iridescence on either the animal and/or shell are identified. This phenomenon has not been previously reported in the malacological literature. The biological significance of iridescence among these snails is currently unknown.
A revision of Doxanderina Dekkers and Maxwell, 2020 (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae: Strombidae): The extant Doxander Wenz, 1940 and a new species from Queensland
Authors: Maxwell Stephen
Published: April 2022

In this study, the extant Doxanderina species are addressed. Species contained within Doxander are examined based on type material, and a new species from Queensland is recognised. Comparisons are made based on morphology. This revision recognises six species in the Doxander complex: D. campbellii, D. entropi, D. japonicus, D. queenslandicus nov. sp, D. operosus, and D. vittatus. Doxander queenslandicus is most similar to D. vittatus from Indonesia, but differs in the body whorl being more dorso-laterally compressed, having a terminal point of the anterior canal which does not extend past the outer lip as in D. vittatus, and the presence of a dorsal knob on the shoulder of D. queenslandicus.
Genetic and Chemical Variability in Populations of Dioscorea Pentaphylla L. in Tirunelveli Hills in South India
Authors: Britto A. , Kumar N.
Published: April 2022

Dioscorea pentaphylla L was collected from ten locations in Tirunelveli hills and the genetic variability was investigated using RAPD - PCR fingerprint and the populations which showed high percentage of polymorphism was selected. Those populations were chosen for further phytochemical analysis. The active principle in these plants has been quantified by HPLC analysis. The population which exhibited both high percentage of polymorphism and high amount of active principle was considered to be the superior genotype.
Pancasila Implementation Strategy as Dar al-ahdi wa al-syahadah
Authors: Murod Ma'mun , Patrianti Tria , Andriyani Lusi , Usni Usni , Gunanto Djoni
Published: April 2022

Pancasila has become an agreement as to the final form of state philosophy or ideology. Pancasila is considered a "middle way". Muhammadiyah, as an important actor in the process of formulating Pancasila, feels it is important to maintain Pancasila as the basis of the state. At the 47th Muhammadiyah congress in Makassar, 2015, Muhammadiyah decided to make Pancasila as Dār Al-Ahdi Wa Al-Syahādah. This paper examines the Pancasila Implementation Strategy as Dār Al-Ahdi Wa Al-Syahādah to provide solutions to the ideological and practical problems of Pancasila. There are many challenges facing Pancasila. Some are ideological and some are practical. The ideological challenges are relatively reduced as a result of the commitment of Islamic organizations such as Muhammadiyah to Pancasila. On the other hand, the practical challenges related to the implementation of Pancasila are even greater. For example, Pancasila has played a role in Indonesian economic policies in dealing with COVID-19, business monopolies and oligarchs, and eradicating corruption?. This study uses the Literature Review method for meta-analysis of data by reviewing several articles in national and international journals. The conclusion is that the Pancasila problem is more related to the implementation of the values contained in the Pancasila precepts. The very great values of Pancasila are not able to colour the life of the nation and state.
The Effect of Enviromental Performance, Company's Characteristics and Good Corporate Governance (GCG) on Environmental Disclosure (Empirical Study of Mining Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX)2015-2019)
Authors: Nurvita Tita , Priambodo Aloysius
Published: April 2022

The study aims to determine the effect of environmental performance, company’s characteristics (company size, company age) and good corporate governance (GCG) (Board of Commissioners, Independent Commissioners and Audit Committee) on environmental disclosure. The population in this study are mining companies published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2015-2019 period. The analysis carried out in this research is descriptive statistical test, panel data testing, classical assumption test and hypothesis testing. The results indicate that the Environmental Performance variable and the Firm Size variable have a positive effect on Environmental Disclosure. While the variables of company age, Board of Commissioners, Independent Commissioner and Audit Committee have no effect on Environmental Disclosure.
Stock Investment Behavior of the Millennial Generation: The Moderating Role of Financial Literacy
Authors: Alva Andreas Gelbert Hariputra , Rita Maria Rio
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze the investment behavior of the millennial generation in Indonesia. The independent variables in this research are gender, income, and social environment. The dependent variable is investment behavior, while financial literacy is the moderating variable. The sample of this research was determined based on the purposive sampling method. There were 144 respondents selected from the millennial generation who were in the age range of 21-41 years old and had invested in stocks. The data collection was carried out online by distributing questionnaires through Google Forms in a WhatsApp group and a stock investment community Telegram group. The analysis technique used was a Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). This research found that income and gender have no effect on the millennial generation’s stock investment behavior. Financial literacy is not confirmed to moderate the effect of income on investment behavior and the effect of gender on investment behavior. However, the social environment has a significant positive effect on investment behavior, and there is evidence that financial literacy moderates the influence of the social environment on the stock investment behavior of the millennial generation.
Participatory design and implementation of an organizational plan to address burnout in hospice employees
Authors: Lehto Rebecca H. , McDaniel Patricia , Derry Rachel , Heeter Carrie , Miller Patrick , Paletta Michael
Published: April 2022

Hospice professionals face practice challenges that place them at increased risk for burnout. Limited research has reported on organizational efforts to address burnout and reduce work-related stressors with participatory involvement from employee stakeholders. In a large state-wide hospice organization, focus groups were initially conducted by external researchers with mixed groups of interdisciplinary employees to evaluate workplace stressors and to determine team member perceptions relative to burnout and its’ management. The paper reports an innovative multifaceted organizational education strategy that was conceived and implemented in response to the focus group findings to address or remediate work related stressors to support interdisciplinary employees across rural and urban regions who were involved in home or institutional hospice care delivery. Key executive leadership members evaluated and approved the multi-pronged organizational action plan. Interdisciplinary workgroups were formed and tasked with generating practice strategies to address four major areas of employee concern including work-related stressors, technology issues, staff appreciation and recognition, and communication. Implementation of the workgroups and delivery of the workplace changes have practice, education, and research implications. The process of stakeholder engagement with focus group findings to generate solutions may be utilized in other organizations seeking to learn strategies to address workplace stressors and improve employee wellbeing.
The relation of raindrop size to intensity of rainfall in different types of tropical rain using a simple raindrop recorder
Authors: SIYARAMAKRISHNAN MY , MARYSELYAM M
Published: April 2022

The paper give3 the results of studies of raindrop size characteristics in three other different types of tropical rain to what Sivaramakrishnan had earlier studied {1961), using the simple raindrop recorder. The study of raindropsize characteristics refers to analysis of raindrop samples taken at Poona in (1) typical shower types of rain without thunder (cumuliform clouds), (2) continuous type of rain with occasional thunder (cumuliform and stratiform clouds mixed) and (3) non freezing rain during typical monsoon from stratiform clouds. Regression equations connecting the intensity of rainfall with the various rainfall parameters such as median drop size Dn, liquid water  content W, radar reflectivity Z have been developed and compared with findings of other investigators all over the world. Best's formula is found to represent the size distribution of raindrops in the tropics also but with suitable changes in the constants. It is also shown in agreement with results obtained earlier by Sivaramakrishnan (1961),Blanchard (1953), Best (1951), Atlas and Chmela (1957) and Spilhaus (1948) that the median drop diameter is the most suitable parameter for describing the average size of the drop size distribution in preference to other  average size parameters such as mean diameter Dm, mode diameter Dd , mean volume diameter Dv and predominant diameter Dp.
An estimate of Thermal Comfort at some stations in India
Authors: VENKITESHWARAN SP , SWAMINATHAN MS
Published: April 2022

The paper describes briefly how the thermal aspect influences comfort. Since comfort depends not only on the temperature of the air, but also on the relative humidity and air movement, no simple formula to obtain an index involving all the factors is available. In this paper Thorn's simple empirical formula for a Discomfort Index =0.4(td +tw )+15, where td is air temperature and tw is the wet bulb temperature, is used and the mean hourly  values of discomfort index are calculated for different months for the 5 stations, New Delhi, Calcutta, Poona, Madras and Trivandrum. According to Thom, people in the U.S.A., feel discomfort as the index rises above 70 and everyone is uncomfortable by the time the index reaches 79. When the index becomes 86 or higher, in Washington metropolitan area, mass dismissal of employees are permitted. The analysis of Indian data shows that in general, the prevailing DI for India is in the range 76-80 or less, except in the summer months, April-May to September, when it exceeds this value. Poona has the largest number of hour days with DI = or <75. In the range Dl= 76-80, Poona and Trivandrum have the largest and almost similar values, viz., 8224 and 8343 hour days respectively but a possible total  of 8760 during the year. Dl = 86-90 is experienced in the pre-monsoon months only in New Delhi (368 hour-days), Calcutta (183) and Madras (239). It is generally observed that the indices can be adopted for the tropical Indian conditions also. They will, therefore, be of value to visitors from abroad and to the Indians. They will also be useful to plan, air conditioning units for Indian use.
A statistical study of daily maximum temperatures at Madras during the summer months
Authors: SRINIVASAN TR , HASHIM SS
Published: April 2022

Daily maximum temperature data. of Madras for the months April, May and June for the period 1945.1964 have been analysed. The frequency of spells of days having the same type of maximum temperature tendencies appear to follow a random probability model sc =Kpx, K and p being the parameters determinable from the data. sx representing the frequencies of spells of x days duration. It is also shown that low level wind field over Madras and Anantapur at OOZ can be utilised in predicting the day's maximum temperature. Maximum temperature forecast diagrams for May the hottest mouth, have been constructed on the basis of graphical integration method; and utility of these diagrams discussed.
A climatological study of severe Cold Waves in India
Authors: RAGHAVAN K
Published: April 2022

Results of a climatological study of severe cold waves in India based on observations extending over a period of 51 years are presented. The main aspects considered are the period of occurrence, frequency, intensity, persistency, extent, development and decay.
Study of heavy rainfall associated with low pressure microcells over northeast India
Authors: GUPTA DNDAS
Published: April 2022

Low pressure vortices of small extent or microcells of low pressure are sometimes embedded in the large scale circulation of the lower levels of the atmosphere. These can be located on the surface iecbaric charts plotted on a large scale map by drawing isobars at intervals of 1.0 or 0.5 mb. It is seen that location and movement of these vortices sometimes influence distribution of rainfall over small areas, The spots of heavier rainfall tend to move near to the microcells of low pressure, A II1eso-scale network of observing stations is necessary for precises location of these cells and for study of their movements and influence on rainfall distribution. Results of studies with available observations on some typical days of the monsoon season in 1961 are presented in this paper.
The Indian equatorial electrojet in IGY and IQSY
Authors: YACOB A
Published: April 2022

The parameters of the Indian equatorial electrojet are obtained for the months April to August of the solar maximum year, 1958 and the solar minimum year, 1964. The half-width for the two epochs are found to be 297 km and 276 km respectively, showing only a small (change with solar activity. The total peak current intensity for 1958 is 186 A/km and for 1964 it is 97 A/km. The factor by which the normal current intensity is augmented in the electrojet is, however, found to be a little more for 1964 than for 1958.
On the Polarization Characteristics of middle latitude Geomagnetic Micropulsations
Authors: ZYBIN KYu
Published: April 2022

Geomagnetic micropulsations of different types are observed on the Soviet stations in the middle latitudes of the Northern hemisphere, Behaviour of the 'horizontal disturbed vector is analysed.

 

Micropulsations of Pc2-4 and Pi2 types are shown to have statistically dominant counter-clockwise sense of rotation in the morning hours but clockwise sense of rotation in the evening hours. Both the rotational character of polarization and the diurnal variation of the sense of rotation suggest the Alfven (transverse) hydromagnetic thanks to mode is an important part of the micropulsation mechanism, although it is difficult to explain the micopulsation occurrence in middle and low latitudes Ignoring the magneto-acoustic (longitudinal) mode of propagation.

 

All the micropulsation types appear to have the preferred directions characteristic of the observational point Diurnal variation of the hourly mean directions are similar at different sites and appear to have the largest departure progress of from the mean around the morning and the evening hours. Directional properties of micropulsations can be explained by the lateral in-homogeneities in the sub-surface geo-electrical structure.
An objective method of Forecasting Pentad Rainfall anomaly in Konkan coast during July
Authors: SHUKLA JAGADISH
Published: April 2022

The contingency technique has been applied to forecast the pentad rainfall over Konkan coast in the month of July. From the 700.mb level 5-day mean and 1-day mean charts, antecedent to abnormal and subnormal, rainfall over Konkan coast, suitable predictor parameters have been obtained which are statistically significant. Using these predictors and pentad rainfall being the predict and, contingency tables have been prepared in the form of final forecast scheme, The technique has been evolved on the basis .of 5-day mean and l day mean 700.mb contour charts for over-lapping pentads for the period 1957-1961. The independent data of 1962-1963 has been used for verification. The method has shown a skill score of 51 per cent.
Cold Waves over northwest India and neighbourhood
Authors: BEDI HS , PARTHASARATHY B
Published: April 2022

Based on 50 years (1915-16 to 1964-65) daily minimum temperature anomalies of meterological stations in Indo-Pakistan sub-continent north of 22 1/20N and west of 82 1/20E a statistical study of duration, intensity and movement of cold waves in this region has been made. Duration of cold wave occasionally exceeds 10 days in Baluchistan, Kashmir and northwest Rajasthan whereas in east Uttar Pradesh, it last only for about 2-4 days. Maximum intensity of cold wave is also in Baluchistan, Kashmir and northwest Rajasthan. In the plains, Gujarat also experiences comparatively intense cold waves. The cold waves are comparatively mild in east Uttar Pradesh.

Probable duration of cold waves likely to be exceeded once in 5,10,25,50 and 100 years has also been calculated and duration distribution charts prepared.
Thermal structure of the troposphere over Bangalore
Authors: WILLIAMS SD
Published: April 2022

The paper presents monthly mean values of upper air temperatures over Bangalore at 5000, 10,000…….. 50,000 ft a.s.l. based on the 00 Z radiosonde data for the period 1961-1965. The diurnal variation of temperature at these levels on the basis of 00 and 12 Z data is found to be generally less than loC, the evening temperatures being higher. Lapse rates are higher in the evenings below 10,000 ft but show little variation aloft.
A radar study on thunderstorms and convective clouds around New Delhi during southwest monsoon season
Authors: GHOSH BP
Published: April 2022

Data collected during the monsoon season of 1959 with an AN/CPS-9 radar located at New Delhi have been used to study and distinguish the echoes from thunderstorms with that from convective clouds. It is shown that for an echo whose top is colder than-25'5°Cthereis 85 percent probabilities at it is or will shortly become a thunderstorm. Convective echoes which do not grow above this level are less likely to produce thunderstorms. It is also shown that from the knowledge of the height of the echo tops and the height of the 0°C Isotherm from radar and radiosonde observation. one can ascertain with 85 per cent probability whether the clouds still remain convective or have culminated into thunderstorm. From the point of view of aviation weather warning this simple method would be of considerable practical utility.
Enhancement of Atmospherics in relation to pre-monsoon and monsoon Thunderstorms
Authors: SEN AK
Published: April 2022

Enhancements of atmospherics associated with local thunderstorms occurring in a tropical station. Calcutta, were studied on 30 kc/s. The various stages of an enhancement were correlated with the different stages of development of thunderclouds occurring in the rainy seasons. The results show an association of a sudden increase and sudden decrease of atmospherics in the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons respectively with precipitation. Atmospherics activity noticed early m the process of development of clouds before any precipitation occurs and even before the cloud has, perhaps, developed up to the ice-forming level is indicated. The potential meteorological Importance of the enhancements ill forecasting the thunderstorms and also in providing with a new insight into the mechanism of charge separation in thunderclouds in discussed. The studies also indicate the significance of cloud discharges as a source of atmospheric radio noise.
Prevalence and Identification of Binge Eating Pattern Among University Students: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Aslam Maria , Shahid Mehroze , Sohail Aroosha , Fatima Rida , Tayyaba Attiqa , Ijaz Kainat , Mughal Muzna , Tahir Mawra , Fatima Noor , Shafi Inam , Irfan Muhammad Umair
Published: April 2022

Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is defined as a condition in which there is consumption of food in larger amounts in a very short time period than normal. Every week over 3 months the episodes of BED occur. BED is a diagnosis which differs from bulimia nervosa which is also an eating disorder. Objective: To find out the prevalence and identification of binge eating patterns among university students Methods: A cross sectional study was done at The University of Lahore, Lahore Campus for duration of 4 months, using convenient sampling technique. Data was collected from100 university students by a self-governing questionnaire. Different statistical tools were used in SPSS to analyze the data which included inferential statistics and cross tabulation. Results: The results revealed that students in this study included 32% males and 68% females from middle and upper middle socioeconomic class. The results revealed that 13% of students had fixed meal time while 87% did not, 84% were influenced by factors such as advertisements and stress etc., 83% could not stop eating, 54% were hostelites, 89% consumed instant food, 54% avoided hostel food and ate fast food, 80% had their habits changed due to being away from parents, 65% were stressed by eating in public, 76% of them had an influence of friends on their food habits and 61% were depressed after over-eating. According to the P-values which were<0.05 BED and stress (other factors) had a strong association with each other Conclusions: This study concludes that young generation needs guidance and help to cope up the stress and negative factors around them causing BED, promoting fast food and having bad eating habits. So, government as well as private sectors needs to do work on it by promoting activities and inducing strategies which promote healthy eating and coping up stress strategies.
Characterization of portal vein and other abdominal organs in portal hypertension patients using ultrasound
Authors: Iqbal Sehrish , John Akash , Ali Abid , Nasir Urwa , Kiran Warda
Published: April 2022

Portal hypertension occurs when the venous pressure increases in the portal vein due to some pathological changes such as liver cirrhosis, which results in an increased diameter of the portal and splenic vein. Objective: To assess and characterize the portal vein and other abdominal organs in portal hypertension patients using ultrasound to minimize the incidence of serious and life-threatening consequences of portal hypertension. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a sample size of 108 patients was carried out in five months, in a private hospital in Gujranwala. The subjects of age > 30 years were included with other considered variables such as gender, portal and splenic vein diameter, size, and characteristics pattern of the liver & spleen size with other abdominal complications. After taking informed written consent, patients were examined in a supine position using Mindray DC-3 Ultrasound Machine with a convex probe of 3.5 MHz’s frequency. After collecting data, it was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The study revealed that 73.1% of patients were predominantly male with a male-to-female ratio and the patients in age between 50 – 59 years were more afflicted with this condition. 51.9% of patients were diagnosed with moderate dilatation of the portal vein and severe splenic vein dilatation was seen in 36.1% of the patients. The liver size was reduced in 75% of patients. 35.2% of patients were diagnosed with grossly enlarged spleen while the other 65% of patients were with mild and moderate splenomegaly. In 87% of patients, normal liver echotexture was changed into a heterogenous texture. Only 12% of patients were diagnosed with ascites and 27.8% with increased GB walls thickness. Conclusions: There was a notable link of portal hypertension with gender and age, as males of age between 50 – 59 years were commonly affected with this condition. Increased diameter of the portal and splenic vein, reduced liver size, splenomegaly, heterogeneous liver echotexture, ascites, and increased GB wall thickness were the common ultrasound findings in patients with portal hypertension.