bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Spiritual Perspective Scale-Family Version (SPS-FV): A Tool for Assessing Perceptions of Spirituality Within Families
Authors: Taylor Sherria D. , Stahl Michelle , Distelberg Brian
Published: September 2021

The role of spirituality in families is an important factor in family resilience. Currently, however, no quantitative instruments exist that adequately assess this phenomenon. This study introduced the adapted Spiritual Perspective Scale-Family Version (SPS-FV) and explored its psychometric
qualities among 574 majority ethnic minority individuals living in public housing. Structural equation modeling analyses supported a two-dimensional structure (shared spiritual beliefs, shared spiritual behaviors), and the results supported the SPS-FV as a useful tool in assessing perceptions
of family spirituality. Family and consumer sciences (FCS) professionals can enhance their work in low-income, ethnic minority communities by using the SPS-FV as a means to support individuals and families in identifying family spirituality as a significant resource in individual and family
resilience.
Estimating Regional Soil Moisture with Synergistic Use of AMSR2 and MODIS Images
Authors: Rahimzadegan Majid , Davari Arash , Sayadi Ali
Published: September 2021

Soil moisture content (SMC), product of Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2), is not at an adequate level of accuracy on a regional scale. The aim of this study is to introduce a simple method to estimate SMC while synergistically using AMSR2 and Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS) measurements with a higher accuracy on a regional scale. Two MODIS products, including daily reflectance (MYD021) and nighttime land surface temperature (LST) products were used. In 2015, 1442 in situ SMC measurements from six stations in Iran were used as ground-truth
data. Twenty models were evaluated using combinations of polarization index (PI), index of soil wetness (ISW), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and LST. The model revealed the best results using a quadratic combination of PI and ISW, a linear form of LST, and a constant value.
The overall correlation coefficient, root-mean-square error, and mean absolute error were 0.59, 4.62%, and 3.01%, respectively.
Foucault, posverdad y parresía.
Authors: Vaccaro Salvo
Published: September 2021

En este artículo, Vaccaro pretende interrogar el valor político de la verdad. Partiendo de Hannah Arendt y del debate entre modernidad y posmodernidad, el artículo se centra en la Voluntad de verdad según la elaboró Nietzsche, pero también en el primer curso de Collège de France de Foucault en los años 70. La tesis es una etopolítica de decir la verdad, es decir, la parresia, como antídoto tanto contra la aniquilación de la verdad por parte de la posverdad, como para el fortalecimiento de la verdad como lo Uno de la política.
Impact of essential oils on the development of pathogens of theFusariumgenus and germination parameters of selected crops
Authors: Grzanka Monika , Sobiech Łukasz , Danielewicz Jakub , Horoszkiewicz-Janka Joanna , Skrzypczak Grzegorz , Sawinska Zuzanna , Radzikowska Dominika , Świtek Stanisław
Published: September 2021

Fungal pathogens can significantly reduce the potential yield of agricultural crops, especially cereals. One of the most dangerous are pathogens of theFusariumgenus. They contribute to the infestation of plants, reduction of yields, and contamination of agricultural crops with mycotoxins, which are harmful to human beings and animal health. The absence of active substances, the problem of pathogen resistance to fungicides, and the pressure of society to limit the use of chemical plant protection products are the most important issues in agriculture. This has resulted in research aimed at finding natural methods to control plant pathogens gaining importance. One of them is the use of essential oils. In laboratory experiments, clove essential oil and pine essential oil were used. The influence of different concentrations of the above-mentioned substances on the development of the mycelium ofFusariumspecies (F.equiseti,F.poae,F.culmorum, andF.avenaceum) was analyzed and the germination of wheat and maize seeds infected with the pathogens of the genusFusariumwas assessed. Clove oil significantly inhibited the growth of mycelium of theFusariumspecies and reduced germination parameters than pine oil.
Patterns of semantic variation differ across body parts: evidence from the Japonic languages
Authors: Huisman John L. A. , van Hout Roeland , Majid Asifa
Published: September 2021

The human body is central to myriad metaphors, so studying the conceptualisation of the body itself is critical if we are to understand its broader use. One essential but understudied issue is whether languages differ in which body parts they single out for naming. This paper takes a multi-method approach to investigate body part nomenclature within a single language family. Using both a naming task (Study 1) and colouring-in task (Study 2) to collect data from six Japonic languages, we found that lexical similarity for body part terminology was notably differentiated within Japonic, and similar variation was evident in semantics too. Novel application of cluster analysis on naming data revealed a relatively flat hierarchical structure for parts of the face, whereas parts of the body were organised with deeper hierarchical structure. The colouring data revealed that bounded parts show more stability across languages than unbounded parts. Overall, the data reveal there is not a single universal conceptualisation of the body as is often assumed, and that in-depth, multi-method explorations of under-studied languages are urgently required.
Humor styles influence the perception of depression-related internet memes in depression
Authors: Gardner Kathryn J , Jabs Nicola-Maria , Drabble Jennifer , Akram Umair
Published: September 2021

Previous research highlights the potential benefits of engaging with depressive Internet memes for those experiencing symptoms of depression, a phenomenon that can be explained by the humorous interpretation of depressive stimuli and perceived social support through symptom normalization. We examined whether individuals experiencing depressive symptoms would differ from controls in their interpretation of Internet memes related to depression, whilst incorporating the mediating role of humor style. N=78 individuals with self-reported depressive symptoms (≥24 on CES-D) and 67 controls (≤23) rated the emotional valance, humor, relatability, shareability, and mood-improving potential of 32 depressive and control memes (depicting neutral/positive social commentaries). Measures of depression and humor style were also completed. Perceived humor, relatability, shareability and mood-improving potential of depressive, but not control, memes were greater amongst individuals displaying depressive symptoms. However, differential ratings of humor, shareability and relatability were mediated by the extent of ones self-defeating humor style. These outcomes further evidence benefits of interacting with depression-related Internet memes for those with depression.
Investigation of quality of life in obese adolescents: the effect of psychiatric symptoms of obese adolescent and/or mother on quality of life
Authors: Işık Ümit , Bağcı Büşra , Kılıç Faruk , Aktepe Evrim , Pirgon Mustafa Özgür
Published: September 2021

Objectives

The present study assessed the obese adolescents’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) based on both adolescent-reported and maternal-reported questionnaires to clarify adolescent-related psychiatric factors, maternal psychiatric factors, and body mass index (BMI) percentile variables that independently affect the quality of life (QoL).

Methods

A total of 190 adolescents (120 females and 70 males) were included in the study. The impact of clinical and psychiatric factors on the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory-Child Version (PedsQL-C) scores was analyzed using hierarchical linear regression methods.

Results

The final models showed that only the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Child Version major depressive disorder scores negatively predicted the physical, psychosocial, and total health scores of the PedsQL-C. The psychosocial scores of the PedsQL-P were negatively predicted by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire emotional, and Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised-Short Form (CPRS-R-S) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) index scores. The PedsQL-P total scores were negatively predicted by the CPRS-R-S ADHD index scores.

Conclusions

The findings of this study indicate that the adolescents’ psychiatric symptoms and BMI percentile played a significant role in the PedsQL subscale functioning of obese adolescents compared to maternal psychiatric symptoms.
Defining Fake News
Authors: Anderau Glenn
Published: September 2021

Fake news is a worrying phenomenon which is growing increasingly widespread, partly because of the ease with which it is disseminated online. Combating the spread of fake news requires a clear understanding of the nature of fake news. However, the use of the term in everyday language is heterogenous and has no fixed meaning. Despite increasing philosophical attention to the topic, there is no consensus on the correct definition of “fake news” within philosophy either. This paper aims to bring clarity to the philosophical debate of fake news in two ways: Firstly, by providing an overview of existing philosophical definitions and secondly, by developing a new account of fake news. This paper will identify where there is agreement within the philosophical debate of definitions of “fake news” and isolate four key questions on which there is genuine disagreement. These concern the intentionality underlying fake news, its truth value, the question of whether fake news needs to reach a minimum audience, and the question of whether an account of fake news needs to be dynamic. By answering these four questions, I provide a novel account of defining “fake news”. This new definition hinges upon the fact that fake news has the function of being deliberately misleading about its own status as news.
Finite groups with 4p
2
q elements of maximal order
Authors: Tan Sanbiao , Chen Guiyun , Yan Yanxiong
Published: September 2021

It is an interesting and difficult topic to determine the structure of a finite group by the number of elements of maximal order. This topic is related to Thompson’s conjecture, that is, if two finite groups have the same order type and one of them is solvable, then the other is solvable. In this article, we continue this work and prove that if

G

G

is a finite group which has

4

p

2

q

4{p}^{2}q

elements of maximal order, where

p

p

,

q

q

are primes and

7
≤
p
≤
q

7\le p\le q

, then either

G

G

is solvable or

G

G

has a section who is isomorphic to one of

L

2

(

7

)

{L}_{2}\left(7)

,

L

2

(

8

)

{L}_{2}\left(8)

or

U

3

(

3

)

{U}_{3}\left(3)

.
Clinical factors predicting ureteral stent failure in patients with external ureteral compression
Authors: Wu Kuan Ju , Chen Yi Zhong , Chen Marcelo , Chen Yu-Hsin
Published: September 2021

Double-J stent (DJ) placement is usually the treatment of choice for relieving external compression of the ureter. However, in some cases DJ function may become impaired and a percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) may be required. Previous studies have reported different predictive factors for choosing PCN or DJ insertion as the initial treatment. In this study, we analyzed the risk factors for DJ failure in patients with external ureteral compression. Our results showed that the patients with moderate and severe hydronephrosis (p-value = 0.0171 and 0.0249, respectively), preexisting pyuria (p-value = 0.0128), or lower ureter obstruction (p-value = 0.0305) were more prone to DJ laterality. Age was also an important predictor. Urologists should pay more attention to these patients and consider PCN as the initial treatment.
Approximate noise maps as instrument for evaluation of the city environment quality
Authors: Ziv Alexander , Solov’eva Elena
Published: September 2021

The paper discusses noise mapping from the prospective of general evaluation of the state of the city environment. Suggested is a noise evaluation procedure based on a two-step spatial discretization - coarse and fine grids. The coarse grid is used for evaluation of average noise levels (background noise). For this, rather simple method is proposed, where average noise levels are estimated directly for the whole coarse grid cells instead of averaging the noise levels computed point-wise. The fine grid is used for finding the obstacle density to apply in calculations over the coarse grid. It may be used also for additional noise levels detailing in the close vicinity of noise sources where noise propagation is strongly affected by surrounding structures. The detailed results allow correction of the averages over the coarse grid. In comparison with other approaches, the suggested procedure takes little computing time to execute for the entire city. Test example shows reasonable agreement with results computed using the ‘Ecolog-Noise’ software package that has gained popularity in Russian Federation since its introduction in 2008. Another example describes the application of the proposed method for a moderate size densely built city.
Bundling and Consumer Churn in Telecommunications Markets
Authors: Grzybowski Lukasz , Liang Julienne , Zulehner Christine
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we analyze how fixed-mobile (quadruple-play) bundling impacts the decision of consumers to churn telecommunications services. We use a database from an European operator of fixed and mobile telecommunications services which includes information about 9.6 million fixed broadband subscribers and 14.2 million mobile subscribers between March 2014 and February 2015. These data is combined with socio-demographic characteristics from each municipality in this country. We find that consumers who bundle fixed and mobile services from the same provider are less likely to churn. Without fixed-mobile bundling the annual churn of fixed broadband consumers would increase from 8.4 to 9.2%. Furthermore, the consumer churn in the mobile market would increase from 11.5 to 13.1%. We conclude that in the current competitive environment in the country considered, bundling has a moderate impact on consumer retention on both fixed and mobile networks.
Los orígenes de la presencia diplomática venezolana en China: El Consulado General en Shanghai (1936–1938)
Authors: Medina Norbert Molina
Published: September 2021

A finales de agosto de 1941, fue designado Li Dijun (李迪俊) como el primer Enviado Extraordinario y Ministro Plenipotenciario de China en Venezuela. Li, arribó a Caracas a inicios de 1943 y presentó formalmente sus Cartas Credenciales al presidente Isaías Medina Angarita (1941–1945) el 13 de abril. Asimismo, instaló la Legación de China en la capital del país caribeño, quedando formalizadas de esta manera las relaciones binacionales. Ahora bien, previo a este importante hecho histórico, existe un antecedente no menos trascendente que obedece a la creación de una efímera sede consular venezolana en la ciudad de Shanghai en 1936, para la cual fue designado como Cónsul General, el 22 de julio, el poeta y escritor José Miguel Ferrer. En tal sentido, nuestro objetivo es, a través del método histórico-documental, analizar los orígenes de la presencia diplomática venezolana en China, a través de lo que fue la referida sede consular entre 1936 y 1938.
A szülői felügyelet szabályozása a magyar jogfejlődésben
Authors: Gothárdi Enikő
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this paper is to briefly present the development of legal regulation and judicial practice of parental responsibility in Hungary, from the age of the so called traditional law before 1848 until the entry into force of the new Hungarian Civil Code in 2014, including some outlook to the concurrent progress in other European countries. The study shows how paternal power turned to parental power in the 19th and then parental responsibility in the 20th century, and particularly examines that in case of divorce or break-up of the parents, which parent, on what grounds and in what type of procedure was empowered to exercise – elements of – parental responsibility.
Marital Agreements in Vietnam from 1858 until Now
Authors: Linh NGUYỄN THỊ MỸ
Published: September 2021

The institution of prenuptial agreement is a founder of contractual matrimonial property regime. The possibility of concluding a marriage contract contributes to ensuring the equal rights of the spouses, as they are free to agree on their pre-marital property.  Recognizing the necessity of the contractual freedom in family law, the 2014 Act on Marriage and Family of Vietnam allows couples to choose between the statutory property regime and the agreed property regime. This article presents the history of the institution of marriage agreement in Vietnam, also with regard to the development of law in European countries.
A gyermekjogok szabályozása és e jogok érvényesülése a szülők „válása” esetén
Authors: Visontai-Szabó Katalin
Published: September 2021

Ellen Key was right when, in 1902, she predicted that the 20th century would be the century of the children. From the brief historical description of my study, it can be seen, that the treatment of children changed a lot in the 1900s, they turned from little adults owned by their parents to individuals with independent rights, who deserve protection. The rights of children are guaranteed by many national and international documents, which I tried to collect. The greatest burden for children is the dissolution of the parent’s relationship, so it is particularly important in this process that the parents and the authorities take into account the children’s rights, focus on the child’s best interests in their decisions and protect them from physical and mental harm.
Turkey and NATO: the Biden’s Factor. Part 2: Afghanistan
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shumilin Aleksandr
Published: September 2021

The first part of the article examined the reasons for the deterioration of relations between Turkey and its Western partners, the European Union and the United States, which has progressed over the past four years. According to the author, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan managed to avoid aggravation of conflict situations fraught with the possibility of their solutions, including by force (for example, in the confrontation between Ankara and Nicosia and Athens). All this largely thanks to his personal relationship with the then US President Donald Trump. A priori, the arrival of Joseph Biden to the White House promised little to Erdogan and the prospects for the development of US – Turkish relations in general. In the second part of the article, the author focuses on the attempts, first of all, by the Turkish leader to normalize his country's relations with the United States and the EU – in the absence of the former factor of mutual personal sympathy between him and the head of the White House (under Trump). Erdogan made the main stake on demonstrating the usefulness of Turkey as a NATO member. The calculation partially justified itself against the background of the growing and aggravated problem of Afghanistan due to the accelerated (by August 31) withdrawal of US and NATO troops from there.
German’s Maritime Economy Sector: Before and In Time the Pandemic
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotov Aleksandr
Published: September 2021

As an industrially developed economy with a large export share, Germany is inconceivable without reliable and comprehensively developed maritime and inland shipping. Shipbuilding, waterway infrastructure, ports and logistics, marine technology, research and development, energy production and consumption, high-tech services form the framework of the «maritime economy» are interconnected and ensure uninterrupted transportation of goods, goods and people. The paper analyzes the national economic significance of the maritime industry in the modern German economy. It is emphasized that in addition to performing the transport function itself, this industry provides the launch of important multiplier effects on the economy as a whole. All those issues are considered with the challenges of climate policy. In this regard, we consider that the innovative role of German shipbuilding will increase, despite the decline in economic activity during the pandemic. We hypothesize that industry is facing an uncertain future, simultaneously, it should be emphasized that after the pandemic, the federal government is sending a clear signal to the industry community – the shipbuilding industry and the merchant marine are the drivers of the industry and part of environmental change, where a lot depends on new investments in training, expanding digitalization, application new types of fuels. This may be the result of more flexibility when placing orders for various types of vessels, reducing bureaucracy in the implementation of infrastructure water projects.
Photoreceptor cKO of OTX2 Enhances OTX2 Intercellular Transfer in the Retina and Causes Photophobia
Authors: Pensieri Pasquale , Mantilleri Annabelle , Plassard Damien , Furukawa Takahisa , Moya Kenneth L. , Prochiantz Alain , Lamonerie Thomas
Published: September 2021

In the mature mouse retina,Otx2is expressed in both retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor (PR) cells, andOtx2knock-out (KO) in the RPE alone results in PR degeneration. To study the cell-autonomous function of OTX2 in PRs, we performed PR-specificOtx2KO (cKO) in adults. As expected, the protein disappears completely from PR nuclei but is still observed in PR inner and outer segments while its level concomitantly decreases in the RPE, suggesting a transfer of OTX2 from RPE to PRs in response toOtx2ablation in PRs. The ability of OTX2 to transfer from RPE to PRs was verified by viral expression of tagged-OTX2 in the RPE. Transferred OTX2 distributed across the PR cytoplasm, suggesting functions distinct from nuclear transcription regulation. PR-specificOtx2cKO did not alter the structure of the retina but impaired the translocation of PR arrestin-1 on illumination changes, making mice photophobic. RNA-seq analyses followingOtx2KO revealed downregulation of genes involved in the cytoskeleton that might account for the arrestin-1 translocation defect, and of genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) and signaling factors that may participate in the enhanced transfer of OTX2. Interestingly, several RPE-specific OTX2 target genes involved in melanogenesis were downregulated, lending weight to a decrease of OTX2 levels in the RPE following PR-specificOtx2cKO. Our study reveals a new role of endogenous OTX2 in PR light adaptation and demonstrates the existence of OTX2 transfer from RPE to PR cells, which is increased on PR-specificOtx2ablation and might participate in PR neuroprotection.
Under Pressure: A Microfluidic Chip for Prolonged, Anesthetic-Free Imaging of Neuronal Mitostasis inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Franco Joy A.
Published: September 2021

Highlighted Research Paper:Tracking Mitochondrial Density and Positioning along a Growing Neuronal Process in IndividualC. elegansNeuron Using a Long-Term Growth and Imaging Microfluidic Device by Sudip Mondal, Jyoti Dubey, Anjali Awasthi, Guruprasad Reddy Sure, Amruta Vasudevan, and Sandhya P. Koushika.
Why has phonodidactics become “the neglected orphan” of ESL / EFL pedagogy? Explaining methodology- and ELF-related motives behind a reluctance towards pronunciation teaching
Authors:   Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Poland, Gajewska Klaudia
Published: September 2021

The post-method reality of ESL/EFL education, in which LT is no longer perceived as a largescale enterprise based on one universal method, has encouraged theoreticians and practitioners to search for more personalised ways of L2/FL teaching. This specifically applies to pronunciation instruction, whose models, priorities and teaching procedures ought to be considered in light of the tenets of the Post-Method Era. Even though there is no disputing the fact that the influences of methodology- and globalisation-driven transformations have been generally positive in the sense that they have individualised approaches to LT and facilitated international communication respectively, they have also lowered the status of phonodidactics, which, in effect, is disparagingly referred to as “the neglected orphan” of ESL/EFL pedagogy.
Translating irony. Translation strategies and techniques used by Polish translators of Pride and Prejudice
Authors:   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Poland, Żochowska Magdalena
Published: September 2021

This article presents the results of a comparative analysis of two Polish translations of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen. The authors of the translations are Anna Przedpełska-Trzeciakowska and Magdalena Gawlik-Małkowska. Attention is given to rendering irony, which is the novel’s characteristic feature. The analysed excerpts illustrate the main translation strategies and techniques used in the Polish translations. A comparative analysis shows that techniques applicable to rendering humour and culture-bound elements can be used to translate irony as well. The Polish translations convey irony, but there are differences caused by the translators’ interpretations and by their choice of s trategies and techniques. Przedpełska-Trzeciakowska often uses the strategy of foreignization, but she tries to guide the reader so that they can perceive the implicature. Gawlik-Małkowska’s translation is more literal and more modern, and its irony is more covert.
The association between serum adenosine deaminase levels and Graves’ disease
Authors: Lu Chun-feng , Liu Wang-shu , Ge Xiao-qin , Xu Feng , Su Jian-bin , Wang Xue-qin , Wang Yan
Published: September 2021

Background

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is essential for the differentiation and maturation of lymphocytes, while lymphocytes infiltration in thyroid tissue is a vital pathological feature of Graves’ disease (GD). The aim of the present study was to compare the concentration of ADA between healthy controls (HC) and patients with GD, and evaluate the association between ADA and GD.

Methods

A total of 112 GD patients and 77 matched HC were enrolled in this study. Each participant was examined for thyroid hormones and autoantibodies, ADA concentration, and thyroid ultrasonography.

Results

Serum ADA levels in GD patients were significantly higher than that in HC subgroup (P < 0.001). In GD patients, serum ADA levels were positively associated with serum-free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) levels, and total thyroid gland volume (thyroid VolT) and negatively associated with serum thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH) levels (all P < 0.05). There were no similar correlations in the HC subgroup. Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that serum TSH, FT3, and ADA levels played an important role in serum TRAb levels.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated that serum ADA levels were closely associated with GD.
Screening for Anxiety in Pediatric Primary Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kemper Alex R. , Letostak Tiasha Barik , Hostutler Cody A. , Stephenson Kevin G. , Butter Eric M.
Published: September 2021

CONTEXT

Anxiety is common, screening tools are available, and treatment can be effective. Recently, anxiety screening has been recommended for adolescent girls beginning at 13 years of age.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the evidence regarding anxiety screening test accuracy in primary care for children and adolescents and assess the effectiveness of treatment of individuals identified through screening.

DATA SOURCES

We searched PubMed, the Cochrane library, and references to potentially eligible studies cited in other articles.

STUDY SELECTION

Screening studies were included if they were conducted in primary care or a similar population and employed a reference standard based on DSM criteria. Treatment studies were included if subjects were identified through screening and there was at least 1 comparator intervention or a placebo arm.

DATA EXTRACTION

At least 2 reviewers evaluated each identified reference.

RESULTS

Two screening studies (1 with low risk of bias and 1 with high risk of bias) and 1 treatment study with a low risk of bias were included. The screening study with a low risk of bias reported a sensitivity of 56% and specificity of 80%. The treatment study found individual cognitive behavioral therapy to be effective for screen-detected adolescents with social phobia.

LIMITATIONS

This review only included screening or treatment studies with clear evidence that the study populations were derived from an unselected population reflective of typical primary care. Relevant studies not indexed in PubMed or the Cochrane library could have been missed.

CONCLUSIONS

There are significant gaps in evidence related to anxiety screening in the primary care setting.
A interioridade no Livro X das Confissões
Authors: Martinelli Águeda Vieira , Silva Lilian Alencar da
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo analisa o livro X das Confissões sob o viés da interioridade. Esse livro aborda de que maneira a memória se relaciona com a possível busca por Deus. Destaca-se que a possibilidade de procurar algo se deve a de alguma maneira estar guardado em nosso espírito tal memória. Porém, para encontrar Deus não basta a reminiscência, mas que o indivíduo busque através da razão em seu interior encontrá-Lo. Como a felicidade é algo que todos procuram, mesmo que muitas vezes as coisas do mundo pareçam ser a realização da felicidade, Agostinho aborda as concupiscências de maneira a revelar que a verdadeira felicidade só se encontra em Deus, e que se deve evitar os exageros nas paixões pois afastam de Deus. Percebe-se que o ser humano é dividido entre a natureza e o infinito e por isso procura-se mostrar que a investigação efetuada por Agostinho oferece o relato de alguém que se empenhou numa busca interna que não é somente por Deus, mas que também se revela como uma busca que leva ao conhecimento de si e ao desenvolvimento de si.
A Igreja tinha razão?
Authors: Prado Jeferson Scaccheti
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo investigar o caso Galileu sob a perspectiva feyerabendiana. O julgamento de Galileu recebe um lugar de destaque na história da ciência, principalmente, tratando-se de seus desdobramentos políticos. Com efeito, a comunidade científica e a academia caracterizam um Galileu injustiçado, enquanto a Igreja é representada como a inimiga da ciência na história. Este trabalho visa a perscrutar alguns pontos importantes da filosofia feyerabendiana. Em primeiro lugar, será discutido o problema da racionalidade em face ao progresso da ciência. Nessa parte, Feyerabend faz uma defesa dos procedimentos irracionais para o escopo científico. Em seguida, será examinado a relação entre ciência e ideologia, uma vez que a ciência possui certa predominância sobre as demais áreas. Por fim, nossa discussão é direcionada ao caso de Galileu, pois Feyerabend, ao analisar a história da ciência e o julgamento de Galileu, percebe que a Igreja estava mais próxima da razão do que Galileu. Para Feyerabend, a teoria galileana estava fora do alcance da experiência e da observação, assim a justificativa do físico era insuficiente para corroborar suas teses. Além disso, os agentes inquisitoriais alertaram sobre as possíveis implicações de Galileu em divulgar sua teoria. O físico cumpre duas partes importante na filosofia feyerabendiana: a complexidade das narrativas históricas e a defesa de procedimentos irracionais no desenvolvimento da ciência.
Nietzsche como parte da história da metafísica
Authors: Smolniakof Barbara
Published: September 2021

É notório que a leitura que Heidegger fez da filosofia nietzschiana foi uma das mais polêmicas. Sobretudo porque ele insistiu em enquadrar Nietzsche na linha que mais era alvo de seu pensamento, isto é, a metafísica. Este trabalho objetiva explicitar de que modo Nietzsche é compreendido como parte da história da metafísica sob a perspectiva filosófica de Martin Heidegger. Para tanto, será necessário dar dois passos gerais. Primeiro, apontar o que Heidegger entende por metafísica, a saber, a história da filosofia como o esquecimento do Ser. Segundo, fazer uma leitura pormenorizada do ensaio “a sentença nietzschiana ‘Deus está morto’” reconstruindo o argumento de Heidegger. É nesse ensaio em que ele localiza a filosofia de Nietzsche dentro da metafísica, mais exatamente, como a parte que a esgota.
A Magyar pszichológiatörténeti vizsgálódás 30 éve (1990–2020)
Authors: Pléh Csaba
Published: September 2021

Az áttekintő dolgozat a magyar pszichológiatörténeti munkálatokat mutatja be az utóbbi 30 évben. Intézményesen a Magyar Pszichológiai Társaság szekciója és az egyetemi kurzusok ezen munkálatok megjelenítői. A történeti tudatosságot magyar nyelvű gyűjteményes kötetek és tankönyvek képviselik. A magyar pszichológiatörténetírás képviselői ugyanakkor jelen vannak a nemzetközi nyilvánosságban is, amit a négy magyarországi ESHHS konferencia is mutat. A hazai általános trendek angol nyelvű bemutatásán túl a legtöbb releváns, filológiai munkát és kulturális beágyazást használó munka a magyar pszichoanalízis történetével, ezen belül a kényszerű emigrációval és elnyomatással (Mészáros), Ferenczi jelentőségével (Erős, Mészáros), a pszichoanalízis pedagógiai és nőmozgalmi vonatkozásaival (Vajda, Borgos) és a hazai kognitív kutatás nemzetközi beágyazásával (Pléh) kapcsolatos.

This review paper surveys Hungarian studies on the history of psychology during the last 30 years. Institutionally, the section of the Hungarian Psychological Association, and university courses represent these efforts. Historical self-consciousness is served by Hungarian language collective volumes and by textbooks. At the same time, representatives of Hungarian history of psychology are present on the international scene as well, shown among others by the 4 ESHHS conferences organized in Hungary. Besides English language presentations of general Hungarian trends, most of the relevant works involving both philological research and cultural embedding deal with the history of Hungarian psychoanalysis, including the forced emigration and oppression (Mészáros), with the importance of Ferenczi (Erős, Mészáros), with the relations of psychoanalysis to education and feminist movements (Vajda, Borgos), and the international embedding of Hungarian cognitive research (Pléh).
Refined palm oil fractions: Effect of skim milk powder and maltodextrin on emulsion properties and microencapsulation by spray drying
Authors: Cevik K. , Yalcin H.
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate microencapsulation of palm oil fractions (palm olein (POL) and 90% palm olein+10% palm stearin (POS)) using skim milk powder (SMP) and maltodextrin (MD) by spray drying. Twenty-seven emulsions with POL were prepared to determine appropriate solid content (SC) and oil/coating material ratio (O/CM) of the emulsions to be fed into the spray dryer. Emulsion properties, such as viscosity and stability, were affected by SC and coating materials. The effects of coating materials used in microencapsulation of POL and POS were also tested by using different ratios of SMP and MD. The microencapsulation efficiency (69.28–84.97%), the microencapsulation yield (14.50–31.79%), and the peroxide value (4.12–7.07 meq O2/kg oil) of the powders were affected by the coating materials (P < 0.05).
Association of severity of allergic rhinitis with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, eosinophil-to-neutrophil, and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratios in adults
Authors: Kant Aydın , Terzioglu Kadriye
Published: September 2021

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa. T-helper 2 lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils play an active role during the late-phase immune response after exposure to allergen.Objective: We aimed to investigate the usefulness of inflammatory parameters of neutro-phil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), eosinophil-to-neutrophil ratio (ENR), and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR) as markers for distinction between intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis.Material and Methods: This was a double-center, retrospective study. Patients were enrolled after diagnosed with AR according to the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma guide-lines. Individuals with an active infection were excluded. A cohort of healthy subjects acted as a control group. NLR, ENR, and ELR were calculated using the results obtained from the patients’ complete blood count. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for all studied variables.Results: In all, 205 AR patients and 49 healthy individuals were included. AR patients had sig-nificantly higher levels of absolute eosinophils, ENR, and ELR, and significantly lower levels of NLR than the healthy controls (P < 0.05). A total of 160 (78%) patients with persistent AR had significantly higher levels of absolute eosinophils, ENR, and ELR, and significantly lower levels of NLR than patients with intermittent AR (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Currently, classification of severity of AR is based on the patient’s anamnesis. It has been shown in this study that serum eosinophil levels in persistent AR patients could be used as traceable parameters in evaluating severity of the disease by looking at the propor-tions of ENR and ELR. We anticipate that in the future this issue would be supported by a larger number of studies.
Fish allergy tolerance 16 months after diagnosis
Authors: Okamoto Mitsuhiro , Takafuji Satoru , Inoue Shintaro , Tanaka Yuya
Published: September 2021

Fish allergy is generally thought to be persistent, and approximately 80% of patients with fish allergies do not develop tolerance even 10 years after diagnosis. There have been no reports of rapid tolerance development in patients with severe fish allergies. We report the development of tolerance 16 months after the diagnosis of fish allergies. A 13-month-old boy was diagnosed with rosefish allergy (Sebastes matsubarae) and Japanese jack mackerel allergy (Trachurus japonicus). To find out which species of fish he could consume safely, he under-went several oral food challenge (OFC) tests. It was determined that he could consume tuna, salmon, cod, sardine, chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus), and Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueradiata) without eliciting signs of allergy. He continued to eat the fish that did not produce allergic reactions three to four times a week. The titer of serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) to fish had decreased in a subsequent ImmunoCAP®-specific IgE blood test performed 16 months after the diagnosis of the rosefish allergy. Following this test result, he underwent OFCs with rosefish and Japanese jack mackerel, both of which turned out to be negative, and it was determined that he had developed tolerance to fish. In this case, the repeated OFCs were useful in identifying fish species that were safe for consumption. In addition, the decrease in allergen-specific IgE was useful in predicting the development of tol-erance. We hypothesize that proactive consumption of available fish species may lead to this rapid induction of tolerance to fish allergens.
Rendimiento Académico en Ambientes Virtuales del Aprendizaje Durante la Pandemia Covid-19 en Educación Superior
Authors: Zimbrón Alejandro Higuera , Gutiérrez Erika Rivera
Published: September 2021

El propósito de este documento es analizar el rendimiento académico (RA) en ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje (AVA) durante la pandemia Covid 19 para las Instituciones Incorporadas a la Universidad ubicada en el Estado de México. Para ello se hizo una revisión de literatura científica (RLC) que sustenta en referentes vigentes en bases de datos especializadas. El diseño metodológico se incerta en un estudio de corte cualitativo de caso de estudio con una muestra de 15 instituciones de nivel superior, 1200 profesores que dictaron clase en el periodo académico, con 700 estudiantes a quienes se les aplicaron los instrumentos durante el año 2020-2021. La recolección de datos se hizo a través de instrumentos denominados. El análisis de la información se describe y muestra mediante tablas de frecuencias. Los resultados de las encuestas muestran que en educación media superior y superior el 96% realizó trabajo a distancia. La plataforma más utilizada fue Googleclassroom,  el principal medio de comunicación fue Zoom y WhatsApp.  Se cumplió con el 80% de los contenidos de los programas. El 90% considera que el rendimiento académico es subjetivo. El 90% requiere desarrollar competencias digitales. El 95% considera que el acceso a la tecnología es un obstáculo para lograr el aprendizaje. Discusión y conclusiones.
Características biológicas de las variantes de SARS-CoV-2 de interés epidemiológico y su impacto sobre la eficacia y la efectividad vacunal
Authors: Torres Carolina , Debat Humberto , Viegas Mariana
Published: September 2021

Desde el mes de diciembre de 2020, la detección de variantes virales emergentes del SARS-CoV-2 ha llamado la atención de la comunidad científica y de los gobiernos a nivel nacional e internacional. Algunas versiones del virus caracterizadas por cambios genéticos, epidemiológicos y/o fenotípicos han sido clasificados por la OMS como variantes para monitoreo adicional, variantes de interés (VOI) o variantes de preocupación (VOC). A nivel internacional la situación actual de variantes refleja el avance sostenido de la VOC Delta, impulsando nuevas olas de infecciones en gran parte del mundo. Por otro lado, América del Sur exhibe un paisaje particular de linajes circulantes, dominado por las variantes de emergencia regional Gamma (VOC) y Lambda (VOI). Esta región empieza a afrontar el ingreso de Delta en un equilibrio dinámico de tensión entre la evolución viral, la inmunidad adquirida de la población asociada a la segunda ola, y la asimetría en las campañas de vacunación y en las políticas sanitarias regionales. En esta revisión presentamos una actualización de los últimos avances relativos al estudio de las variantes virales emergentes del SARS-CoV-2, su potencial impacto en la dinámica epidemiológica y en la efectividad vacunal, con especial foco en la situación regional latinoamericana de pandemia de la COVID-19 en el segundo semestre de 2021.
Comparison of runoff from low-impact development measures in arid and humid cities
Authors: Hou Jingwei , Sun Shiqin , Wang Yanjuan , Wang Junren , Yang Chen
Published: September 2021

A study was undertaken to identify differences in the performance of low-impact development (LID) measures in arid and humid cities. Yinchuan and Guangzhou in China were selected as a representative of each type. A stormwater management model was constructed with the aid of a geographic information system and LID measures of permeable pavements (PP), rain gardens (RG), green roofs (GR) and combinations of these were then designed. The results showed that a combination of PP, RG and GR provided the largest reduction in total runoff, peak runoff and runoff coefficient in both cities. Paired measures also delivered a significantly higher performance than single measures, with PP plus GR better than other paired combinations. The results of this work could guide the construction of sponge cities in both arid and humid areas.
PREPARATION OF ACYCLOVIR-ISONICOTINAMIDE COCRYSTAL BY SOLVENT EVAPORATION METHOD WITH METHANOL AND ISOPROPANOL
Authors: Winantari Agnes Nuniek , Nawatila Roisah , Jocelyn Cecilia
Published: September 2021

PREPARATION OF ACYCLOVIR-ISONICOTINAMIDE COCRYSTAL BY SOLVENT EVAPORATION METHOD WITH METHANOL AND ISOPROPANOL. Acyclovir is a nucleoside synthetic analog antiviral group used in the treatment of Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 & HSV-2) and Varicella zoster virus (VZV). Acyclovir has low water solubility, so it needs to be modified in the form of cocrystal with isonicotinamide. This study aims to obtain the physical characteristics produced by acyclovir-isonicotinamide cocrystal (1:1) made through the solvent evaporation method with methanol and isopropanol. The crystalline formed is characterized by DSC, PXRD, FT-IR and SEM. The characterization results showed the presence of new crystals that formed between acyclovir-isonicotinamide in methanol and isopropanol solvents. Thermograms showed sharp exothermic peaks at 183.31°C and 186.24°C. The diffractogram showed a new peak at 2θ = 5.19 and 5.82. The spectrum showed a shift in wavelength in the cocrystal formed. The cocrystal has a different morphology compared with parent drug and coformer on analysis using SEM. This research shows that acyclovir can form cocrystal with isonicotinamide by solvent evaporation method with methanol and isopropanol.
THE UTILIZATION OF PET WASTE AS RAW MATERIAL FOR PRODUCING MONOFILAMENT YARN : THE EFFECT OF WINDING SPEED ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE YARN
Authors: Abdurrohman Abdurrohman , Vidia Putra Valentinus Galih , Abdulllah Akbar Hanif Dawam
Published: September 2021

THE UTILIZATION OF PET WASTE AS RAW MATERIAL FOR PRODUCING MONOFILAMENT YARN : THE EFFECT OF WINDING SPEED ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE YARN. Plastic waste production in Indonesia is quite high, reaching 15% to the total national waste production or 189-kilo tons/day with an average growth of 14.7% per year, the second biggest contributor after organic waste. This fact greatly affects human health and the environment since plastic is difficult to degrade, estimated to require 100 to 500 years for the plastic to decompose completely. Therefore, recycling becomes a popular solution to reduce waste or plastic waste by turning it into new products that have added value. Plastic materials, such as PET, have thermoplastic properties which become a special potential to use as recycled materials. The aim of this research was to study the ability of PET plastic waste as a raw material for making monofilament yarn by melt-spinning methods. PET plastic waste is melted at 250-260 °C, then is extruded using a prototype melt-spinning tool with a single spinneret hole which the diameter is 3 mm into a monofilament yarn using three variations of winding speed (a) 43.33 m/min, (b) 59.35 m/min and (c) 72.72 m/min The results showed that the yarn with the highest winding speed (variation C) produced yarn with the highest fineness, reaching (30.06± 4.82) denier, and the best tensile strength compared with the other, reaching (47.7±14,97) MPa with elongation of of (10± 9.65) %.
SIMULATION OF IRON CORROSION IN LEAD-MAGNESIUM EUTECTIC (LME) USING OXYGEN INHIBITOR
Authors: Sa'adah Umi , Arkundato Artoto , Hasan Moh.
Published: September 2021

SIMULATION OF IRON CORROSION IN LEAD-MAGNESIUM EUTECTIC (LME) USING OXYGEN INHIBITOR. Lead-magnesium (Pb-Mg) is a metal that considered to have potential as a coolant raw material in the heat transfer system of nuclear reactors. However, the coolant in the form of Pb-Mg eutectic is corrosive to structured materials (eg steel cladding) used in reactors. In this research, steel material is represented by pure iron to simplify the simulation and calculation. This research aims to determine the effect of temperature on iron corrosion and the effect of adding oxygen as an inhibitor to reduce the iron corrosion rate in LME. In this study, corrosion was observed by looking at (coefficient) the diffusion of iron atoms into LME. A large iron diffusion coefficient represents high iron corrosion. To see inhibition effectivity with oxygen, the most effective oxygen concentration that can reduce the iron diffusion coefficient is searched. Simulations of iron corrosion and inhibition are performed using molecular dynamics simulation. The result of this research showed that oxygen concentration mixed into LME for effective inhibition of iron corrosion was in the range of 0.125 wt% - 0.135 wt% (for temperatures of 973K). Thus, oxygen is believed that able to inhibit iron corrosion in Pb-Mg eutectic up to 98.44%