bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Eucalyptus Tree on Selected Soil Physico-Chemical Properties in Gidami District, West Ethiopia
Authors: Daka Yohannes Shifera , Geleta Zelalem Telila
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted in district of Gidami, western Oromia region, Ethiopia. The aim was to investigate effects of Eucalyptus tree (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) on soil physico-chemical properties. Eucalyptus is widely planted in farmland in the study area largely because of construction purpose and financial income. However, the cultivation of eucalyptus is becoming a major concern because of its long-term site impact. Long-term consequences have been observed, including drying up of water courses, effects on soil physico-chemical characteristics, ability to drain soil nutrients and fertility, suppression of other plants, forest biodiversity decline, and reduced agricultural yields in agroforestry systems. However, Eucalyptus plantations on study area farmland are expanding regardless of its impacts on soil fertility and competition for crop land. On the other hand, human population is increasing from time to time and hence the demand for agricultural crop is increasing, however; the environment is degrading. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim to study the effects of Eucalyptus tree on selected soil physico-chemical properties in Gidami District, West Ethiopia. For this study, randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used. Three farmers land 50m by 50m Eucalyptus plantation forest having similar age was selected, which served as experimental plot. Each experimental plot (farmland) was subdivided into 5 sub blocks. Then, sampling points (treatments) were randomly assigned to each block. Soil samples were collected by using auger at five different sampling points (at middle of canopy, 5m, 10m, 15m and, 40m distances) with two depths (0-15cm and 15-30 cm). 10 soil samples were collected from each block and a total composite soil samples collected were 30. Each composite sample soil was prepared by mixing three sub samples. Soils sampled at 40m distance were used as control group. Soil physico-chemical property analyses were conducted in Nekemt soil laboratory. The two ways ANOVAs were carried out by SAS version 9.0. The effects of Eucalyptus tree were insignificant on soil bulk density, exchangeable acidity, organic matter, exchangeable base, organic C, and Pat different distance, and pH with depth. Soil moisture, pH, CEC increased in further distance from the Eucalyptus trees. However, total N decreased as distance increased further from Eucalyptus tree. Surface soils (0-15 cm) were higher in total N, K, C, and organic matter than sub soil (15-30 cm) depth.
Studying The Knowledge and Awareness of Medical Students about Brain Death and Organ Donation
Authors: Alshuayb Haneen Jamal , Khoury Yazan Ayman , Fawares Maamoun Ayman AL- , Rekmani Najwa Fajr
Published: August 2023

Introduction and objective:
Organ donation is affected by brain death, where the time of death must be determined in an accurate way, and confirmed by important medical tests, and this allows organ donation without medical error and does not conflict with human ethics and values. This research aims to assess the knowledge of the concept of brain death, the attitude, and the level of awareness towards Organ donation and transplantation among medical students in Syrian Arab Republic.
Materials and methods
The research design is an observational and descriptive study of the cross-sectional study style. The required sample size was 200 that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples were collected in the period between 7/23/2023 and 8/11/2023.
Results
The total number of the sample was (200) male and female students from various medical colleges (56% males, 44% females), the largest number of whom were from the sixth year, as they numbered 95 male and female students at a rate of 47.5%, followed by fifth, fourth, third, and second year students. And the first (35%, 7, 4.5%, 4.5%, 1.5%, respectively), most of the students were from Spu University (89.5%), and most of the students were from the city (82%), most of the students had a very good economic situation (42.5%), EEG, lateral brain ultrasound, and radioisotope scintigraphy are the most common supportive tests used to diagnose brain death, with rates (23.8%, 20%, and 16.6%, respectively).
Conclusion
There is no previous study conducted in Syria about students' awareness of brain death and organ donation, as our study shows that knowledge was in an appropriate range, but despite this, it is necessary to raise the level of understanding and knowledge among Syrian students in order for it to improve, and this can be achieved through Exposure during clinical training and formal study to standards and techniques for brain death diagnosis and transplantation surgery and principles.
Pre-Job loss Grief Reactions and Work Attachment among Sick-Listed Employees: Introduction of the Imminent Job Loss Scale
Authors: Eersel Janske H. W. , Wickham Miriam I. , Smid Geert E. , Boelen Paul A.
Published: August 2023

Purpose
With this study, we aimed to explore the emotional experiences of sick-listed employees facing imminent job loss, as this emotional distress may hinder successful job search outcomes. The study had two objectives: (1) to develop and validate the Imminent Job Loss Scale (IJLS) for assessing pre-job loss grief reactions and (2) to examine its relationship to work attachment.
Method
Development of the IJLS was carried out using feedback from an expert panel. The psychometric properties of the IJLS were evaluated, and its association with work attachment was examined using data from 200 sick-listed employees facing imminent job loss.
Results
The IJLS demonstrated strong internal consistency and temporal stability, distinctiveness from depression and anxiety symptoms, and solid convergent validity. Work-centrality and organizational commitment were positively related to pre-job loss grief reactions, while work engagement and calling showed no significant associations.
Conclusion
This study provides valuable insights into pre-job loss grief reactions and shows the potential utility of the IJLS for screening and monitoring purposes. Understanding pre-job loss grief reactions can improve the re-integration and job prospects of sick-listed employees. In future research, explorations of these dynamics should continue to provide better support to sick-listed employees during this challenging period.
Pigmentação em Prótese Maxilofacial - Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Dias Lara de Oliveira , Ribeiro Vitória Maria Siqueira , Haddad Marcela Filié
Published: August 2023

Introdução: A prótese bucomaxilofacial é uma alternativa de reabilitação de pacientes que tiveram perdas intra ou extraorais. Essa pode ser confeccionada com resina acrílica ou silicone, sendo o segundo o mais utilizado. A etapa mais crítica na confecção dessas próteses consiste na pigmentação, visto que a proximidade com a cor da pele do paciente é essencial para um bom resultado estético. Objetivo: A finalidade desse trabalho é discutir, através de uma revisão de literatura, as diferentes técnicas de pigmentação e os tipos de pigmentos existentes. Material e Método: Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados Pubmed, Google acadêmico e Scielo e 33 artigos foram selecionados para comporem a revisão. Resultados: Para caracterização das próteses maxilofaciais é necessário se combinar técnicas de pigmentação intrínseca e extrínseca. Destas, a intrínseca é a que sofre menor alteração cromática com o uso da prótese. Os pigmentos podem ser de origem orgânica e inorgânica (mais estável). Novos tipos de pigmentos vêm sendo desenvolvidos, na tentativa de aproximar a coloração da pele com a coloração da prótese, como por exemplo, os pigmentos termocrômicos. Apesar de tantos estudos e experiências feitas sobre as próteses maxilofaciais, observa-se que os maiores problemas enfrentados pelos profissionais que atuam na área da especialidade bucomaxilofacial, na confecção das próteses são a durabilidade das mesmas devido a alterações de coloração. Conclusão: Novos estudos são necessários na tentativa de se aprimorar as técnicas de pigmentação e de desenvolver pigmentos mais estáveis à exposição aos raios ultravioleta e à ação de agentes de limpeza.
2-group global symmetries, hydrodynamics and holography
Authors: Iqbal Nabil , Poovuttikul Nick
Published: August 2023

2-group global symmetries are a particular example of how higher-form and conventional global symmetries can fuse together into a larger structure. We construct a theory of hydrodynamics describing the finite-temperature realization of a 2-group global symmetry composed out of U(1)U(1) zero-form and U(1)U(1) one-form symmetries. We study aspects of the thermodynamics from a Euclidean partition function and derive constitutive relations for ideal hydrodynamics from various points of view. Novel features of the resulting theory include an analogue of the chiral magnetic effect and a chiral sound mode propagating along magnetic field lines. We also discuss a minimalist holographic description of a theory dual to 2-group global symmetry and verify predictions from hydrodynamic descriptions. Along the way we clarify some aspects of symmetry breaking in higher-form theories at finite temperature.
Hydrological responses to land use and land cover change and climate dynamics in the Rift Valley Lakes Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayalew Ayenew D. , Wagner Paul D. , Tigabu Tibebe B. , Sahlu Dejene , Fohrer Nicola
Published: August 2023

Due to the rapid socio-economic development in the Ethiopian Rift Valley basin, the pressures on water resources are increasing. To understand the change of spatio-temporal water fluxes, the hydrologic model SWAT+ (Soil and Water Assessment Tool+) was applied to five selected watersheds within the basin. With regards to the objective functions, Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE: 0.68–0.84), the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE: 0.61–0.73), percent bias (PBIAS: −3.4 to 1.4), and RMSE-observations standard deviation ratio (RSR: 0.52–0.69), the SWAT+ model performed very well for daily streamflow in all watersheds. The change in water balance components indicated a considerable spatial variation of water fluxes in the watersheds. Precipitation, evapotranspiration, and infiltration have generally decreased, but surface runoff has increased in the interference period compared to the baseline period. The spatial distribution of rainfall (−40 to 10%), evapotranspiration (−20 to 5%), surface runoff (7.8–13.1%), lateral flow (4.47 to −16.5%), and percolation (−3.3 to −10.2%) varied. The changes in the hydrologic system within the basin are greatly attributed to the combination of land use and land cover change due to rapid population growth and climate variability.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE PAUL SINGER PARA A TEORIA SOCIAL CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Jacques Caroline , De Oliveira Estevam Dimas
Published: August 2023

Paul Singer é um intelectual amplamente reconhecido no Brasil por obras que versam sobre o desenvolvimento, o socialismo e a economia solidária. Contudo, seus estudos são mais abrangentes incluindo temas como o solo urbano, o desenvolvimento capitalista, a política, o poder e a educação.  O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar de forma concisa a contribuição do pensamento de Paul Singer para a teoria social contemporânea brasileira. Com base em pesquisa bibliográfica em portais de periódicos com a indicação de autoria de Paul Singer, reuniu-se um conjunto de 8 artigos publicados pelo autor entre os anos de 1980 a 2009. Como resultado, evidenciou-se que a contribuição da carreira intelectual de Singer é significativa na medida em que se desdobra em temas complexos e profícuos para à compreensão da sociedade brasileira. Dentre os temas destacam-se a crítica à economia de mercado, a dinâmica da formação social capitalista, estudos críticos sobre a teoria da dependência, desenvolvimento solidário e ainda, educação, democracia, sociedade e Estado. Assim, conclui-se que a teoria social encontra nos escritos de Paul Singer uma vasta literatura científica capaz de lançar luz sobre o funcionamento e o desenvolvimento do sistema capitalista, mas também sobre os mecanismos de mudança institucional e social em direção a uma economia e uma sociedade centrada na dignidade humana.
BÚSSOLA SINGERIANA PARA O SOCIALISMO
Authors: Souza André Ricardo de
Published: August 2023

O modo como Paul Singer refletiu e buscou em sua vida militante o socialismo, necessariamente democrático, é abordado neste artigo elaborado com base em texto anterior de minha autoria, contendo revisão e relevante complementação. São tratados aspectos concernentes a escritos importantes de Singer, assim como seus ditos em aulas e reuniões de grupos de estudo de economia solidária. No artigo é feita ainda uma fundamental distinção do socialismo democrático em relação à social-democracia, enquanto referência política para a esquerda contemporânea e são discutidos determinados caminhos pensados pelo professor para a edificação do socialismo apontado por ele como autêntico.
SOLIDARY ECONOMY ON THE COUCH
Authors: De Almeida de Paula Patrícia , Luzio-dos-Santos Luís Miguel , Fabiano Amancio Vieira Saulo , Borinelli Benilson
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo se propõe a fazer uma reflexão a partir do pensamento de Paul Singer, considerado o “pai” da Economia Solidaria no Brasil. Seu trabalho profícuo como pesquisador e intelectual engajado com as causas populares, fizeram-no referência na discussão dos principais problemas nacionais.  Sua bibliografia é repleta de inquietudes e analises profundas sobre os principais dilemas brasileiros, mas isso não o impediu de ousar e propor soluções para um mundo mais justo e solidário. Inicia-se o texto com suas ideias a respeito da Economia Solidária, confrontando-as com a realidade histórica de quase quatro décadas de experiências práticas em território nacional. Procurou-se dar relevo aos dilemas e limites dessa trajetória, confrontando expectativas com a realidade vivida. A pesquisa pode ser classificada como qualitativa e descritiva, fez uso de fontes secundárias, como o Atlas da Economia Solidária de 2014, entre outras pesquisas acadêmicas que versam sobre o assunto. O pensamento complexo de Edgar Morin serviu de pano de fundo para o entendimento do fenômeno, procurando compreender a realidade numa perspectiva multifacetada, descolada de visões dogmáticas e maniqueístas, que tendem a mascarar os fatos concretos.
Alleviative Effects of Adipose Tissue-derived Stem Cells and α-NETA on
Metabolic, Biochemical, and Endocrine Parameters in a Letrozole-induced Rat
Model of PCOS
Authors: Nejabati Hamid Reza , Nikzad Sadeneh , Roshangar Leila
Published: August 2023

Background:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most prevalent reproductive disorder, is accompanied
by hyperandrogenism (HA), ovulatory dysfunction (OD), and insulin resistance (IR). A number of
reports indicate that adipokines play a vital role in the pathophysiology of PCOS. One of these adipokines is
chemerin, which is engaged in metabolic disorders, especially obesity, diabetes, and PCOS. Based on the data,
the circulating levels of chemerin and the expression of chemokine-like receptor-1 (CMKLR1) in white adipose
tissue (WAT) of women with PCOS are significantly higher than in healthy ones. Currently, several scholars
have emphasized the therapeutic capacities of stem cells, notably mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), for the treatment
of PCOS.

Objective:

In this study, for the first time, the impacts of 2-(α-naphthoyl) ethyltrimethylammonium iodide (α-
NETA), an antagonist of CMKLR1, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and their combinations on metabolic
and endocrine aberrancies were assessed in the WAT and ovarian tissues of the letrozole (LET)-induced PCOS
rats.

Methods:

In the current study, 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control (n = 6), LET-induced
PCOS (1.5 mg/kg p.o., n = 6), LET + ADSCs (106 ADSCs i.v., n = 6), LET + α-NETA (10 mg/kg p.o., n
= 6), and LET + ADSCs + α-NETA (n = 6). The blood samples and adipose and ovarian tissues were obtained
to evaluate the effects of ADSCs and α-NETA on hormonal and metabolic parameters in the PCOS rats.

Results:

Our findings showed that the administration of α-NETA, ADSCs, and the combination of both favorably
restored the irregular estrus cycle and considerably modulated the endocrine parameters in PCOS rats. In addition,
these therapeutic factors remarkably regulated steroidogenic and adipogenic gene expressions, as well as
the genes related to glucose metabolism and brown adipose tissue (BAT) markers in these animals.

Conclusion:

These findings indicate that the combination of ADSCs and α-NETA can successfully ameliorate
metabolic and endocrine dysfunction in LET-induced PCOS rats, and this strategy could be a new therapeutic
choice for patients with PCOS.
Pharmacological Activities of the Roots of Stemona tuberosa Medicinal
Plant: An Overview
Authors: Pathak Shilpi , Verma Riya , Sharma Richa
Published: August 2023

:

Since childhood, plants and plant products have been used extensively as medicine. The
majority of rural residents still rely on natural resources and the old-fashioned medical system for
their daily needs. The biological richness of Arunachal Pradesh is renowned, as is its rich cultural
diversity. The native population uses a number of aromatic and medicinal plant species to cure a
wide range of illnesses. The current review deals with the biological activity of Stemona tuberosa, a
possible medicinal plant species of Arunachal Pradesh. Extract from tuberous roots has numerous
properties, including anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tobacco mosaic virus, antitussive,
wound healing, and anti-herpes. The roots' powder is employed as a preservation and insect deterrent.
Alkaloids, sugars and glycosides, phenolic compounds, trace amounts of proteins, saponin,
flavonoids, and gum mucilage, were all found during the phytochemical analysis, which shows that
the species has a significant potential for therapeutic use. As a result, it is possible to think of the
examined species as a potential source of beneficial medications.
WITHDRAWN: Distributed Energy Storage Data Sharing Based on
Privacy Protection using Secure Multiparty Computation
Authors: Yu Xingxing , Li Yuancheng , Wang Qingle , Guo Yiguo , Yang Hang
Published: August 2023

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

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of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Comparative Study of Manufacturing Process Differentiation of
Volatile Components in Kenya Purple Tea Variety TRFK 306/1
Authors: Zhou Zi-wei , Cai Lie-wei , Zheng Shi-zhong , Wu Qing-yang
Published: August 2023

Background:

Purple tea variety tea is a kind of special tea germplasm resource,
which attracts attention due to its rich anthocyanins, unique leaf color and health care.

Methods:

This study clarified characteristic volatile components among different tea categories
made from Kenya's purple tea variety. As raw materials, one bud and two or three
leaves of Kenya purple tea variety (TRFK306/1) were utilized. Then, the fresh tea leaves
were processed into green tea (PG), white tea (PW) and black tea (PB) based on different
manufacturing processes. Volatile compounds in different categories of tea were detected
and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by Head Space-Solid Phase Micro Extractions-
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPEM-GC-MS), in combination with
principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares (PLS) analysis. Moreover, variance
verification and tea sensory evaluation analysis were also conducted to explore characteristic
metabolites.

Results:

The result showed that 45 kinds of volatile components were identified in green
and black tea, and 38 kinds were identified in white tea. The volatile components could be
divided into six categories, including alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, hydrocarbons
and nitrogen-containing compounds. The number of volatile components among teas is
5(PG_vs_PB), 6(PG_vs_PW), and 9 (PW_vs_PB), respectively. There was a significant
difference between PB and PW in the first principal component (R2X1=0.571), and PG
was in between. It was found by PLS model analysis that there were 12 potential characteristic
components with variable importance factor (VIP) greater than 1.0.

Conclusion:

The result showed that trans-β-Ocimene, nonanal and 6-Methyl-5-heptene-2-
one as characteristic volatile components in PG, and β-ionone and trans-geraniol were
characteristic aroma components of white tea and black tea, respectively.
Metabolic Syndromes and Cardiovascular Disease: What is on the horizon?
Authors: Santoso Anwar
Published: August 2023

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterised by the simultaneous occurrence of at least three out of five cardio-metabolic disorders.1, 2 These problems consist of visceral obesity, hypertension, high blood glucose, high triglyceride, and low HDL cholesterol levels.2 It is unclear to what extent communities with diverse ethnic backgrounds differ in the contributing factors. Additionally, the risk of cardio-vascular disease (CVD) mortality may vary depending on the frequency of MetS and its components in various ethnic groups and nations.3 Inappropriately, information on the CVD mortality risk associated with MetS is still quite limited, especially in Asian countries. The majority of investigations were limited to determining the prevalence of MetS and its contributing variables among Asians. Due mostly to unhealthy lifestyle such as an imbalanced diet high in carbohydrate and sedentary habits, the prevalence of MetS has been rising along with urbanisation.4
The Effect of Exercise Training as Adjuvant Treatment on Functional Capacity in Congenital Heart Disease with Negative Vaso Reactivity Test Pulmonary Hypertension Patient at Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang
Authors: Kamelia Pratiwi Irma , Martini Heny , Tri Tjahjono Cholid , Anjarwani Setyasih , Dyah Handari Saskia
Published: August 2023

Background: Pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) is an important subgroup that accounts for approximately 11% of all patients with PAH. Physical limitations are one of the main symptoms of hemodynamic changes in patients with PH. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical exercise therapy for 12 weeks as an additional therapy with PDE-5 inhibitors on the functional capacity of patients with Congenital Heart Disease accompanied by Pulmonary Artery Hypertension (CHD – PH). Method: This research was an analytic experimental study with a prospective cohort research method. This study used data sources obtained from medical records to adjust subjects based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, initial cardiac training test examination data was carried out at IPJT in patients selected as subjects. The patient's clinical outcomes were followed in the next 12 weeks. Result: This research was conducted on 16 samples divided into two groups, namely the control and study groups. The evaluation after 12 weeks found that there was an increase in mileage as measured through the 6MWT submaximal test and a better duration of physical activity in the study group tested through the Endurance Shuttle Walk Test (ESWT). This is consistent with the effect of physical exercise, which suppresses systemic inflammation and causes vasodilation, thereby increasing oxygen delivery to the tissues. This causes more optimal aerobic metabolism and reduces lactate production. So that the patient did not quickly feel tired during activities. However, there was no significant increase in the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test. This could be due to the relatively short training duration of 12 weeks. Conclusion: A positive correlation exists between physical exercise and increased functional capacity of patients with CHD who were evaluated using 6MWT and ESWT.
Correlation Between Smoking and Il-1 Level and Arterial Stiffness as Measured By Cavi in the Young Adult Population Without other Cardiovascular Risk Factors.
Authors: Galih Prakosa Ardani , Tri Tjahjono Cholid , Kurnianingsih Novi , Sargowo Djanggan , Anjarwani Setyasih
Published: August 2023

Background: Recent studies have shown that arterial stiffness is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality, with CAVI (Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index) as a non-invasive arterial stiffness testing method in daily practice. Objective: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between smoking -as a risk factor for arterial stiffness- and CAVI values, as well as levels of IL-1β (Interleukin 1β) as a cytokine that plays a role in the pathophysiology of arterial stiffness. Methods: Eighty-four participants, including smokers and non-smokers without other cardiovascular risk factors, were included in the study. Demographic data, medical history, and smoking behavior were taken using a questionnaire, then IL-1β and CAVI levels were examined Results: The mean level of IL-1β in smoking subjects was significantly higher (15.09 ± 0.48) than in non-smoking subjects (5.53 ± 0.79; p=0.001). CAVI values in smoking subjects were also significantly higher (8.0 ± 0.06) than in non-smoking subjects (6.9 ± 0.02; p=0.001). Further analysis showed a strong positive correlation between smoking and IL-1β levels (r=+0.776; p=0.001) and CAVI values (r=+0.759; p=0.001). Conclusion: This study shows that smoking significantly correlates with IL-1β levels and CAVI values. The greater number of cigarettes used per day and the longer duration of smoking, there was a positive correlation between IL-1β levels and arterial stiffness as measured by CAVI.
Benefits of Low Dosage of Colchicine Administration on Decreasing Rehospitalization and Mortality within 30 Days in Post-Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Satrijo Budi , Wicaksono Ashari Yordan , Saifur Rohman Mohammad , Anjarwani Setyasih , Tri Tjahjono Cholid
Published: August 2023

Background: The role of inflammation in myocardial infarction and post-infarction MI remodeling has become a concern for the development of treatment in the last decade. Colchicine can prevent increased inflammation during acute injury. Objective: This study focused on the role of colchicine as an on-top medical treatment, hoping it can reduce mortality and short-term rehospitalization in patients with STEMI. Methods: 347 AMI patients (18-80 year old adults) who visited RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang, between February 2022 and January 2023, participated in this prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled experiment. Patients were split into two groups and given either a placebo or colchicine 0.5 mg daily for a month. Standard medical therapy was administered concurrently to both groups as an approachable guideline. The study endpoints were mortality and rehospitalization rates. Result: After one month of follow-up, there was a reduction in rehospitalization due to cardiovascular causes (2 [1.3%] vs. 4 [2.7%], HR 3.42 [1.36-8.56], p<0.05), which was significant in the treatment group compared to the control group. Also, there was a reduction in all-cause mortality, but not statistically significant (2 [1,3% v 3 [2,0%], HR 3,38 [0,53-7,48], p>0,05). In the treated group, there was also a lower non-cardiovascular rehospitalization rate compared to placebo, but not significant (4 [2.6%] vs. 7 [4.7], HR 0.42 [0.15-1.02], p<0.05). Conclusion: The administration of low-dose colchicine for one month has shown benefits in reducing rehospitalization in patients with STEMI who receive PCI therapy.
News Coverage of Face Masks in Australia During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic: Topic Modeling Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dasgupta Pritam , Amin Janaki , Paris Cecile , MacIntyre C Raina
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

During the COVID-19 pandemic, web-based media coverage of preventative strategies proliferated substantially. News media was constantly informing people about changes in public health policy and practices such as mask-wearing. Hence, exploring news media content on face mask use is useful to analyze dominant topics and their trends.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study was to examine news related to face masks as well as to identify related topics and temporal trends in Australian web-based news media during the early COVID-19 pandemic period.

METHODS

Following data collection from the Google News platform, a trend analysis on the mask-related news titles from Australian news publishers was conducted. Then, a latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling algorithm was applied along with evaluation matrices (quantitative and qualitative measures). Afterward, topic trends were developed and analyzed in the context of mask use during the pandemic.

RESULTS

A total of 2345 face mask–related eligible news titles were collected from January 25, 2020, to January 25, 2021. Mask-related news showed an increasing trend corresponding to increasing COVID-19 cases in Australia. The best-fitted latent Dirichlet allocation model discovered 8 different topics with a coherence score of 0.66 and a perplexity measure of –11.29. The major topics were T1 (mask-related international affairs), T2 (introducing mask mandate in places such as Melbourne and Sydney), and T4 (antimask sentiment). Topic trends revealed that T2 was the most frequent topic in January 2021 (77 news titles), corresponding to the mandatory mask-wearing policy in Sydney.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated that Australian news media reflected a wide range of community concerns about face masks, peaking as COVID-19 incidence increased. Harnessing the news media platforms for understanding the media agenda and community concerns may assist in effective health communication during a pandemic response.

CLINICALTRIAL
Characterization of Botanical Parts of Erythrina crista-galli Using Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Akili Abd. Wahid Rizaldi , Hardianto Ari , Latip Jalifah , Ismiyati Maya , Herlina Tati
Published: August 2023

Erythrina crista-galli is commonly used in folk medicines for its pharmacological properties which are associated with the bioactive compounds. Profiling botanical parts of E. crista-galli is an exciting topic and essential to uncover the similarity and clustering based on their chemical content. The botanical parts of E. crista-galli, including bark, flowers, leaves, roots, and twigs, were subjected to pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The samples were pyrolyzed using a multi-shot pyrolyzer. The relative abundance of the pyrolysate was subjected to multivariate analysis, i.e., principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The scree plot for PC.1, PC. 2, and PC. 3 accounted for 36.5%, 27.2%, and 20.3%, respectively. Together, the first three PCs explain 84% of the total variance. The PCA allows characterizing the roots of E. crista-galli by the highest relative abundance of lignin G, followed by the twigs, bark, and leaves, while the flowers had the least relative abundance of lignin G. The HCA allows to cluster the botanical parts of E. crista-galli into three different clusters based on their chemical component similarity, i.e., flowers-leaves, twigs, and roots-bark. In conclusion, Py-GC/MS analysis can be used in conjunction with multivariate data analysis to characterize the botanical parts of E. crista-galli.
Rapid Colorimetric Sensor Based on Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized 4-Amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole for Cortisol Detection in Saliva Sample
Authors: Badi'ah Hanim Istatik , Puspaningsih Ni Nyoman Tri , Supriyanto Ganden , Nasronudin Nasronudin
Published: August 2023

The rapid, simple, and selective colorimetric sensing method of cortisol has been successfully developed using AuNPs modified with 4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (AuNPs-AHMT). The principle of this method is based on the color change from wine red to purple (redshift) when AuNPs-AHMT interacts with cortisol. The hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl group from cortisol and the amine group from AHMT induces the aggregation of AuNPs. The modification of the AuNPs surface with AHMT aims to increase its stability. The properties of AuNPs and AuNPs-AHMT were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometer. The interaction between AuNPs-AHMT and cortisol was studied by UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopies. The proposed method was optimized and validated. Au(III) was reduced to AuNPs at an optimum NaBH4 concentration of 1.0 mM. Validation of the proposed method showed good analytical performance with linearity from 1.0–50.0 nM, accuracy 91.07–102.77%, intra-day precision < 2.22% and inter-day precision < 2.17%, detection limit 0.76 nM, quantification limit 2.54 nM, and sensitivity 0.0112 nM/mL. The proposed method also showed good selectivity with the presence of some interferences in the sample. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of cortisol in the saliva by the standard addition method with acceptable recovery.
Activated Charcoal from Coffee Dregs Waste as an Alternative Biosorbent of Cu(II) and Ag(I)
Authors: Prabawati Susy Yunita , Widiakongko Priyagung Dhemi , Taqwim Mohammad Ahsani
Published: August 2023

This study examines the use of coffee dregs waste as biosorbents of Cu(II) and Ag(I). Coffee dregs waste still contains a high level of carbon and cellulose for biosorbents production. The production process was started with charcoal activation using H3PO4. The batch method was applied by variations of contact time, the mass of the biosorbent, and the initial concentration of metal ions. The results showed that Cu(II) and Ag(I) were optimally adsorbed at pH 6 and 4, respectively. The amount of adsorbed metal ions increased with adsorption contact time. The adsorption process of both metal ions reaches stability within 60 min and the optimum biosorbent mass is 1 g. Isothermal adsorption studies show that Cu(II) adsorption tends to follow Langmuir isotherm with an adsorption energy of 31.42 kJ/mol and Ag(I) adsorption follows Freundlich isotherms with an adsorption energy of 27.74 kJ/mol. Based on the results, the interaction between metal ions and adsorbents is a chemical adsorption process and coffee dregs charcoal has the potential to adsorb Cu(II) and Ag(I) metal ions.
The Regime of Truth, Partnerships, and Palm Oil Expansion in East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman
Published: August 2023

A large part of the uplands in East Kalimantan has been converted to oil palm plantations through partnership schemes, making it increasingly difficult for the indigenous Dayak people to find land for swidden agriculture. Therefore, a better understanding of partnership discourses and narratives is needed. This article adopts a Foucauldian perspective on truth regimes and ethnographic methods to examine the Indonesian government's strategy to expand state space for oil palm expansion in Dayak customary lands in East Kalimantan. This article argues government strategies need to be formulated by involving a robust analysis of the circular power-knowledge relationship. This perspective allows an understanding of partnerships at the discourse level, i.e., as an extension of power, not just stories about community empowerment behind the invisible hands of capitalism. Oil palm partnerships are a temporary policy structure as it confronts another power‐knowledge configuration: the Dayak community. Within this framework, customary practices are not static but are redefined continuously. In the uplands of East Kalimantan, oil palm agribusiness partnership policies often result in subjugating, disqualifying, and marginalizing practices. This article also investigates the implications of the formation of oil palm truth regimes.
The Return of Media Diplomacy: Examples from Kosovo
Authors: Saliu Hasan , Abrashi Gazmend
Published: August 2023

After the Cold War, states focused their campaigns on self‐promotion on the global stage, so media diplomacy has been pushed to the periphery, hence not being a central research theme. However, the geopolitical clashes over Kosovo and the war in Ukraine have repositioned the role of media diplomacy in international politics. This paper aims to analyze Kosovo's media diplomacy in the following key moments: at the time of the declaration of independence (2008), and during the Russian aggression in Ukraine (2022). Data were collected from global media such as CNN, Al Jazeera, Reuters, and The New York Times, which have given space to Kosovo’s political actors and influential global politicians. The US president Bush was the example of the enormous media coverage in 2008. Messages of these communications were analyzed using the framing method. The results show that media diplomacy revived in three cases: before and after Kosovo's declaration of independence in 2008, and again in 2022, with the fear that the Russian scenario for Ukraine would be followed by Serbia against Kosovo. Also, media diplomacy today establishes communications between countries with no diplomatic relations and even between countries with strained relationships.
Time-Stage Model of Failure
Authors: Pang Cheng
Published: August 2023

In the past few decades, failure has attracted more attention as people realize that experiencing and learning from failure is an essential part of achieving success. In light of this, I propose a time-stage model of failure, which describes and predicts the processes and responses at three stages of failure: In the first stage, individuals experience immediate emotional pain and a sense of threat to their fundamental needs upon detecting failure; in the second stage, individuals reflect on the significance of their failure and develop different motives to recover from the threatened needs. In the third stage, prolonged exposure to failure drains individuals’ resources and leads them to believe that they are destined for continuous failure. This can result in compliance, avoidance, and a decrease in self-efficacy. Finally, we call for more research to explore the factors and psychological mechanisms that affect the individuals’ response to failure, so that more strategies can be developed to help individuals recover from short-term failures and minimize the negative consequences of long-term failure.
ANTI-ATHEROGENIC ACTIVITY OF ETHYL ACETATE AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF CAESALPINIA BONDUCELLA LINN.F. ON HIGH-FAT DIET-INDUCED ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN RATS
Authors: SHAMMAH CYRIL JANE , THENMOZHI ANNADURAI
Published: August 2023

Objective: The aim is to investigate the anti-atherogenic effect of ethyl acetate (EACB) and ethanolic extracts of Caesalpinia bonducella (ETCB) kernels against high-fat diet (HFD) induced atherosclerosis (AS) in male Wistar rats.
Methods: Rats were divided into seven groups of six each. Group I served as normal control, group II received HFD (20.5% of wheat flour, 52.6% of roasted bengal gram, 5% of skimmed milk powder, 4% of refined oil, 4% of casein, 4% starch with salt mixture, 9% of coconut oil, 0.5% of choline mixture and vitamin and 0.4% of cholesterol), group III received HFD+Standard drug atorvastatin (1.2 mg/kg b.w.) and the remaining four groups IV, V, VI, and VII received HFD along with EACB (100 and 200 mg/kg b.wt) and HFD along with ETCB (100 and 200 mg/kg b.wt) respectively for 90 days. Anti-atherogenic activity was assessed by quantifying the concentration of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very LDL cholesterol, and phospholipids (PL). Tissue levels of TC, TG, and PL were also determined. Lipid peroxidation and enzymatic anti-oxidants were determined in the liver, heart, and aorta tissue. The histopathological analysis of the liver and aorta tissue supported the dose-dependent anti-atherogenic effects of EACB and ETCB.
Results: EACB and ETCB significantly (p≤0.05) protected the above-mentioned parameters to fall from the normal levels.
Conclusion: These observations suggest that the EACB and ETCB have a dose-dependent anti-atherogenic effect against HFD-induced AS.
COMPARISON OF DOUBLE-DISC SYNERGY, COMBINED DISC DIFFUSION, AND E TEST FOR METALLO-BETA-LACTAMASE DETECTION IN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: D Varshini , A Anu priya , J LAITHAMBIGAI , P Chitra Rajalakshmi , R Saraswathi
Published: August 2023

Objective: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen associated with nosocomial infections. The metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) are an important class of carbapenemases which are predominantly produced by P. aeruginosa. This study is aimed to study the prevalence of MBLs among imipenem (IMP)-resistant P. aeruginosa and to evaluate three different methods of screening and detecting MBLs produced by P. aeruginosa. Methods: 100 isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from various clinical specimens, including pus, wound, sputum, urine, body fluids, and ET tips received at the laboratory from July 2021 to December 2021. Screening for MBL production among IMP-resistant P. aeruginosa was done by double-disc synergy test and combined disc test. Confirmation of MBL production was done by E-test. Results: Of the 100 P. aeruginosa isolates, 16 were IMP resistant, of which 16 are MBL producers. Most of the samples were obtained from 50 to 60 years followed by 40–50 and 60–70 were pus (50%) followed by sputum (20%), urine (15%), and body fluids (5%). Of the 100 isolates, 66 were isolated from females and 34 from males. Pus samples showed most MBL-producing isolates, accounting for 60.5%. MBL producers accounted for 90% of IMP-resistant cases using combined disc method and 100% using MBL E-strip test. By comparison, double-disc synergy test (DDST) retrieved 45% of Pseudomonas MBL producers. Conclusion: This study found moderate prevalence of Pseudomonas MBL producers (16/100). The study supports the use of combined disc-diffusion test and DDST for screening and confirming MBL producers of P. aeruginosa by E test where polymerase chain reaction is not available.
CLINICAL AND ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF MALIGNANT ASCITES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SAAG CRITERIA AND BIOLOGICAL MARKERS
Authors: JENA AMALENDU , PARIDA SURYAKANTA , SAMAL SATYAJIT , SAMANTARAY SATYA PRASAD
Published: August 2023

Objective: The aim and objective of the study are to the analysis of the various patterns of malignant ascites (MA) in our setup.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted from November 2008 to August 2010 in the Postgraduate Department of General Medicine, S.C.B. Medical College, Cuttack. Diagnosed patients with ascites due to malignancy (intra-abdominal or extra-abdominal) were enrolled into the study. A thorough history and clinical examination were recorded. Patients underwent abdominal paracentesis in the first 24 h after the admission. Ascitic fluid was obtained from the left lower abdominal quadrant and samples were sent for biochemical, cytological, and microbiological analysis.
Results: Among 62 patients, male predominance was 71% and mean age of presentation was 55±20.5 years. Histopathological study revealed malignant cells in 32 cases in their ascitic fluid and was classified as MA or peritoneal carcinomatosis. In 30 patients, the ascitic fluid was negative for malignant cells and was classified as malignant-related ascites (MRA). The most common cancers causing MA were gastric (62.5%) followed by ovarian (25%). The most frequently associated cancers in MRA were hepatobiliary (53.3%) and ovarian (13.3%) cancers. Biomarkers were positive in total 32 cases. All 32 patients with carcinomatous peritonitis demonstrated a low (<1.1 mg/dL) serum ascites-albumin gradient (SAAG) and all 30 patients with MRA had high SAAG (>1.1 mg/dL).
Conclusion: The incidence of MA was 51.61% and MRA was 48.39%, and highest incidence was seen in the elderly males. SAAG was diagnostic in differentiating MA from MRA with an accuracy of 100%.
ASSOCIATION OF FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA WITH CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS IN MALIGNANCIES
Authors: Swain Byomakesh , Singh Harpreet , Jain Ravi , Mishra SANDEEP
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate episodes of FN in patients with malignancies, to find out the association of FN with various chemotherapeutic regimens, and to identify the microorganisms and the factors affecting the outcome.
Methods: All patients with FN were admitted and detailed history was taken with thorough clinical evaluation. Blood, urine, and throat swab cultures and cultures from any other clinically evident site of infection were sent to all the patients.
Results: Most common diagnosis was Ca breast and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 13 patients. The ECOG performance status of 2 was seen in 61% of patients. The FN episodes (11%) were associated with carboplatin plus paclitaxel, and in patients with Ca cervix, Ca esophagus, and Ca ovary. The chest was involved in 16% of patients followed by the GI tract in 10%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa organism growth was seen in a 50% sample of throat swabs. The mean number of days of chemotherapy, after which patients reported to have FN, was 3.6, and median (interquartile range [IQR]) days was 2. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was administered in all patients in this study. The mean number of days of recovery of the patients was 4.9 and median (IQR) days was 4.
Conclusion: The episodes of FN occurred mostly in patients with Ca breast, followed by non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. FN was more commonly seen with taxanes.
Martinica, tras las huellas de la antillanidad
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones sobre América Latina y el Caribe, Vargas Canales Margarita Aurora
Published: August 2023

Martinica, uno de los departamentos de ultramar de Francia en el Caribe insular ha sido narrada, imaginada y creada a través de la mirada literaria de uno de sus escritores más prolíficos Édouard Glissant (1928-2011). El llamado Padre de la Antillanidad construye, a partir de elementos etnográficos, geográficos, históricos y lingüísticos una propuesta de interpretación para el Caribe insular, y al mismo tiempo edifica un universo literario que plasma las huellas delas culturas caribeñas.
"Los que huyeron". Indígenas desplazados: sus derechos humanos y representaciones sociales
Authors:   Facultad de Psicología UNAM, Herazo González Katherine Isabel
Published: August 2023

Este libro tiene una carga de sentido y de reflexión solidaria, éticamente comprometida con los indígenas. Producto de una investigación interdisciplinaria con un enfoque latinoamericanista, la autora abre la comprensió del problema de los indígenas desplazados en nuestra América en la época de finales de los años ochenta y la década de los noventa del siglo XX. Profundiza en el análisis del devenir histórico de "los que huyeron" en la región a causa de los conflictos sociopolíticos, las guerras y la violación masiva de los derechos humanos.