bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the differential expression patterns of yield-related negative regulators in hexaploid wheat and F1 hybrids at different growth stages
Authors: Awan Muhammad Jawad Akbar , Farooq Muhammad Awais , Naqvi Rubab Zahra , Karamat Umer , Bukhari Sayyad Ali Raza , Waqas Muhammad Abu Bakar , Mahmood Muhammad Arslan , Buzdar Muhammad Ismail , Rasheed Awais , Amin Imran , Saeed Nasir A. , Mansoor Shahid
Published: August 2023

Being a major source of protein and calories in the human diet, bread wheat is cultivated worldwide, and its yield is showing dwindling notion due to various environmental challenges. Hexaploid bread wheat underwent a series of polyploidization events through interspecific hybridizations that conferred adaptive plasticity and resulted in duplication and neofunctionalization of major agronomic genes. Interestingly the genetic architecture of polyploid wheat not only confers adaptive plasticity but also offers huge genetic diversity. However, the contribution of different gene copies (homeologs) encoded from different subgenomes (A, B, D) at different growth stages remained unexplored. In this study, we assessed the differential expression profiles of yield-related negative regulators in elite cultivars of wheat and their F1 hybrids and identified various cis-regulatory signatures that might influence these expression patterns. Furthermore, the differential and preferential expression patterns of the homeologs showed dynamic expression profiles of A, B, and D subgenomes at six different growth stages, portraying the different homeolog-dominance at the same stage in the different cultivars and their F1 hybrids. Based on the expression profiling, hybrid progenies of elite cultivars were developed that showed better heterosis such as up to 17% increase in the average number of grains and up to 50% increase in average thousand grains weight as compared to mid-parents and the F2 segregating populations demonstrated varying yields from high-yielding parents. These results suggest the significance of dynamic transcriptional expression patterns and the regulatory signatures of major genes that can substantially contribute and provide insights for the selective introduction of better cultivars into hybrid breeding programs which can be harnessed for the improvement of future wheat.
LC-MS Analysis, Total Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Fractions of Skin (Epicarp) and Seed Pulp (Mesocarp) of Green and Red Wild Africa Berries.
Authors: BELLO Oluwasesan M. , Nok Evelyn Ali , Musa Bashir , Musharaf Abdullateef , Abiodun Ogbesejana B.
Published: August 2023

Background
These green and red wild African berries (Lannea microcarpa) are not cultivated like other known crops but grow in the wild, mostly in the northern part of Nigeria. Although its culinary uses are quite popular during the early part of the rainy season, its chemistry remains vague, hence the present study.
Aim
The study aims at assessing the antioxidant activity of these berries and further identifying the phytocompounds to determine their biofunctional abilities.
Methods and Materials
The fresh fruits of green and red wild berries were collected and identified. The antioxidant activity of the berry types was assessed employing three assays (2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, 2, 2 - azino-bis-(3-ethyl) benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) reducing power) of the skin and pulp of green and red wild African berries (FUS = Green Berries Skin, FRS = Red Berries Skin, FSP = Red Berries Seed Pulp, UFSP = Green Berries Seed Pulp). The total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total anthocyanins (TAC) were also investigated. These ethanolic fractions of the extracts were evaluated employing Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS).
Results
Total anthocyanin content is interestingly higher in FRS and FSP (deep red berries) than in FUS and UFSP (green berries). In the DPPH assay, the antioxidant activity of the various parts of the two berry types followed the following trend: UFSP ˃ FUS ˃ FRS ˃ FSP and a similar trend was noticed in the ABTS assay. Interestingly, the H2O2 assay followed the following trend: FUS ˃ UFSP ˃ FRS ˃ FSP. About 21 compounds belonging to different phenolic families, namely anthocyanidins, flavones, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, and hydroxycoumarins, were identified. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside is reportedly present in all the parts investigated.
Conclusion
This study provided insight into the phytochemical profiles and pharmacological importance of L. microcarpa beyond its basic nutritional values. This fruit can be useful as a functional food.
Wireless Sensor Networks in Air Pollution Monitoring Using 5G
Authors: Kaur Gurleen , Ishaq Malik Muzamil
Published: August 2023

Delhi, known for being one of India's most polluted cities, has garnered worldwide attention due to its severe air pollution issues, surpassing alarming levels of Air Quality Index (AQI). A pivotal event in this context was November 8, 2017, when the pollutant levels spiked, reaching an unprecedented value of 999 ppm. In response to these environmental concerns, our study was undertaken to monitor air quality within the IITD campus, utilizing BME and PMS sensors. The primary objective was to comprehend the concentration levels of particulate matter, specifically PM 2.5 and PM 10, alongside other relevant parameters such as Pressure, Temperature, and Humidity. Weather data from various government sources like Metroblue, aqicn.org, datagov.in, EBAM, and CPCB were incorporated to conduct a comprehensive analysis and establish relationships between different variables. An integral aspect of our research was to develop a prediction model capable of forecasting particulate matter (PM) levels based on other relevant parameters. Time series data forecasting and spatial visualization techniques were employed to explore the dataset effectively. Moreover, correlation statistics, including Pearson coefficient and Spearman coefficient, were applied to examine positive and negative correlations between the various factors under investigation. By adopting a scientific approach and employing robust methodologies, our study provides valuable insights into Delhi's air quality dynamics and contributes to a better understanding of air pollution control measures.
Carbon dioxide adsorption on highly crystalline carbonaceous materials obtained by chemical synthesis
Authors: Albesa Alberto
Published: August 2023

The search for materials for the adsorption of carbon dioxide, one of the main gases that cause the greenhouse effect, has put the spotlight on carbonaceous materials, mainly on activated carbons, since they are materials that have a high specific surface area, a wide variety of surface chemistry and, above all, a relatively low cost. However, activated carbons are amorphous materials and their structures could not be accurately characterized to this day. This lack of characterization leads to the synthesis of activated carbons for specific purposes becomes a complicated task since it is difficult to manage parameters such as the distribution of pore sizes, the aforementioned surface chemistry and even to achieve uniformity in the surfaces specific.In this work we examine, using Monte Carlo simulations, the adsorption capacities and isosteric heats of adsorption of new materials that have been synthesized in the laboratory and that have a crystalline structure: Carbon Nanocone by Cascade Annulation, Highly Twisted, Nonplanar Aromatic Macrocycles Enabled by an Axially Chiral 4,5-Diphenylphenanthrene Building Block, Corannulene-Based Nanographenes and Three-Bladed Rylene Propellers with Three-Dimensional Network.We found that the adsorption capacities are greater than those obtained in the majority of activated carbon molecular models and, therefore, are promising candidates for capturing carbon dioxide.
Ambient Carbon Dioxide Concentration Correlates with SARS-CoV-2 Aerostability and Infection Risk
Authors: Haddrell Allen , Oswin Henry , Otero-Fernandez Mara , Robinson Joshua , Cogan Tristan , Alexander Robert , Mann Jamie , Finn Adam , Hill Darryl , Davidson Andrew , Reid Jonathan
Published: August 2023

An improved understanding of the underlying physicochemical properties of respiratory aerosol that influence viral infectivity may open new avenues to mitigate the transmission of respiratory diseases such as COVID-19. Previous studies have shown that a rapid increase in the pH of respiratory aerosols following generation due to changes in the gas-particle partitioning of pH buffering bicarbonate ions and carbon dioxide is a significant factor reducing viral infectivity. We show here that a significant increase in viral aerostability results from a moderate increase in the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (e.g. 1,800 ppm), an effect that is more marked than that observed for changes in relative humidity. We model the likelihood of COVID-19 transmission on the ambient concentration of CO2, concluding that even a moderate increase in CO2 concentration results in a significant increase in overall risk. These observations confirm the critical importance of ventilation and maintaining low CO2 concentrations in indoor environments for mitigating disease transmission. Moreover, the impact of CO2 concentration correlating with viral aerostability suggests increased risks of respiratory pathogen transmission will accompany increased ambient CO2 concentrations as our climate changes.
Assessment of Metabolic Tumor Burden in Primary Staging of Rectal Cancers Using Fdg Pet/ct
Authors: Fonseca Juliano Silveira da , Mendes Maria Carolina S. , Amorim Barbara , Santos Allan , Silveira Marina Nogueira , Silva Cleide , Heringer Victor C , Lima Mariana , Martinez Carlos Augusto Real , Coy Claudio Saddy Rodrigues , Carvalheira Jose Barreto Campello , Etchebehere Elba
Published: August 2023

INTRODUCTION
The prognostic value of FDG PET/CT metabolic tumor burden has been established in various solid tumors, but its significance in the staging of rectal cancer remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of FDG PET/CT metabolic tumor burden in the primary staging of rectal cancer.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 82 consecutive histology-proven rectal cancer patients, including 29 females (37%), with a mean age of 60.8 years. These patients underwent staging FDG PET/CT, and various metabolic tumor burden parameters (hSUVmax, tuMTV, wbMTV, tuTLG, wbTLG) were calculated. The study assessed the correlation between metabolic tumor burden parameters and overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), as well as histopathology, clinical staging, performance status, bone-mineral indexes, hematology, and therapy management strategies.
RESULTS
The study revealed that metabolic tumor burden, along with the presence of sarcopenia and absence of surgery, were significantly and independently associated with overall survival. Notably, a wbTLG cutoff value of 354 effectively discriminated survivors from non-survivors (p = 0.0007) with 83% specificity. Furthermore, higher whole-body tumor burden (wbTLG: p = 0.0090) and low body mass index (p = 0.0231) were significantly linked to an increased risk of disease progression.
CONCLUSIONS
This research suggests that whole-body tumor burden assessed through staging FDG PET/CT can serve as an independent imaging biomarker for prognostication in rectal cancer patients.
LRRK2 is involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and is required for the GTP-binding activity of mitofusin 2 upon fMLP stimulation
Authors: Mazaki Yuichi , Handa Haruka , Fumoto Yoshizuki , Horinouchi Takahiro , Onodera Yasuhito
Published: August 2023

Background
Neutrophils heavily depend on glycolysis for energy under normal conditions. In contrast, neutrophils require energy supplied by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) during chemotaxis. However, the mechanism by which the energy supply changes from glycolysis to OXPHOS remains unknown. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is partially present in the outer mitochondrial membrane fraction. Lrrk2-deficient cells show mitochondrial fragmentation and reduced OXPHOS activity. We have previously reported that mitofusin (MFN) 2 is involved in chemotaxis and OXPHOS activation upon chemoattractant N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) stimulation in differentiated HL-60 (dHL-60) cells. It has been previously reported that LRRK2 binds to MFN2 and partially colocalizes with MFN2 at the mitochondrial membranes. This study investigated whether LRRK2 is involved in chemotaxis and MFN2 activation in neutrophils and dHL-60 cells.
Methods
Lrrk2 knockout neutrophils and LRRK2 knockdown dHL-60 cells were used to examine the possible involvement of LRRK2 in chemotaxis. The relationship between LRRK2 and MFN2 was investigated by measuring the GTP-binding activity of MFN2 in LRRK2 knockdown dHL-60 cells. The effects of LRRK2 kinase activity on chemotaxis were examined using LRRK2 kinase inhibitor MLi-2.
Results
fMLP-induced chemotactic activity was reduced in Lrrk2 knockout neutrophils and LRRK2 knockdown dHL-60 cells. LRRK2 knockdown dHL-60 cells showed reduce OXPHOS activity and suppressed mitochondrial morphological change, similar to MFN2 knockdown dHL-60 cells. The amount of LRRK2 in the mitochondrial fraction and the GTP-binding activity of MFN2 increased upon fMLP stimulation. In LRRK2 knockdown dHL-60 cells, fMLP stimulated MFN2 GTP-binding activity was suppressed. Furthermore, the kinase activity of LRRK2 was reduced upon fMLP stimulation, and LRRK2 kinase inhibition by MLi-2 increased the migration to fMLP.
Conclusions
LRRK2 is involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and the GTP-binding activity of MFN2 upon fMLP stimulation. Furthermore, the kinase activity of LRRK2 plays an important role in chemotaxis.
U-Net Based Vortex Detection in Bose-Einstein Condensates with Automatic Correction for Manually Mislabeled Data
Authors: Ye Jing , Huang Yue , Liu Keyan
Published: August 2023

Quantum vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are essential phenomena in condensed matter physics, and precisely locating their positions, especially the vortex core, is a prerequisite for studying their properties. With the rise of machine learning, there is a potential to expedite the localization process and provide accurate predictions. However, traditional machine learning requires a considerable amount of manual data annotation, leading to uncontrollable accuracy. In this paper, we utilize the U-Net method to detect vortex positions accurately at the pixel level and propose an Automatic Correction Labeling (ACL) approach to optimize the acquisition of data sets for vortex localization in BECs. This approach addresses inaccuracies in the labeled vortex positions and improves the accuracy of vortex localization, especially the vortex core positions, while enhancing the tolerance for human labeling. The main process involves Rough Labeling -- Machine Learning -- Probability Region Search -- Data Relabeling -- Machine Learning again. The objective of ACL is to obtain more accurate labeled data for model retraining. Through vortex localization experiments conducted in a two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate, our results demonstrate the following: 1. Even under conditions of biased and missing manual annotations, U-Net can still accurately locate vortex positions; 2. Vortices exhibit certain regularities, and training U-Net with a small number of samples yields excellent predictive results; 3. The machine learning vortex locator based on the iterative ACL method effectively corrects errors in manually annotated data, significantly improving the model's performance metrics, thus enhancing the precision and metrics of vortex localization. This substantial advancement in the application of machine learning in vortex localization provides an effective approach for vortex dynamics localization. Furthermore, this method of obtaining more accurate approximate human labels through machine learning offers new insights for machine learning in other types of image recognition problems.
Effects of Different Feature Representations on Global Ionospheric TEC Model Based on Spatiotemporal Convolutions
Authors: Gao Xin , Yao Yibin , Wang Yang
Published: August 2023

The Total Electron Content (TEC) is a commonly used parameter for characterizing the morphology of the ionosphere. In this paper, we propose a novel feature representation of the time, called the Day and Night Map (DNM), for improving the global ionospheric TEC model. The specific effects of different feature variables (e.g., TEC, DNM, solar and geomagnetic indices) on forecasting global TEC maps are also analyzed. We apply factorized 3D convolutions, a new form of spatiotemporal convolutions, to construct the global TEC model. The global ionospheric TEC maps with a 2-hour temporal resolution are provided by the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE). The data sets that are resampled by a data segmentation strategy are used to train and evaluate the model. Results show that the DNM has a significant improvement in forecasting global TEC maps compared to the model with a single TEC feature, especially in the middle and low latitudes where large-scale ionospheric TEC anomalies occur frequently. Solar and geomagnetic indices facilitate the prediction capability of the global TEC model, but more indices are not always better. We demonstrate that matching appropriate feature variables with the structural characteristic of the deep learning algorithm is significantly important.
The relationship between chronic anemia caused by hematologic disease and cognitive impairment
Authors: Xu Liaoyang , Zhou Hang , Zhou Xinyu , Wei Jifeng
Published: August 2023

Patients with hematology disease ( such as aplastic anemia, primary myelofibrosis, and myelodysplastic syndrome) always in the condition of moderate and severe anemia for a long time. However, this chronic anemia condition impact on cognitive function was not well studied. We aim to explore the relationship between chronic anemia and cognitive function. We conducted a cross-sectional study. Collecting patients’ clinical dates and demographic characteristics from blood routine examination and self report. Objective cognition function was assessed by Chinese versions of Montreal Cognitive Assessment ( MoCA), total score of cognitive function and subscores of cognitive domains were calculated for each. Associations with chronic anemia and cognitive function were estimated using logistic regression. A total of 214 people including 70 chronic anemia and 144 non-anemia. Chronic anemia was independent factor for overall cognitive impairment, visual space and execution, attention, abstract and delayed recall (P < 0.05). The longer time of chronic anemia, the more possibility to have cognitive decline (P < 0.05). 36.5 months is a cutoff line for cognitive impairment among patients with chronic anemia. Chronic anemia can cause cognitive impairment; the longer time of chronic anemia, the easier to have cognitive decline.
Nonlinear modelling and dynamics of spatial multi-link rigid-flexible manipulator with moving platform
Authors: Kumar Pravesh , Pratiher Barun
Published: August 2023

The demand of developing lighter manipulators especially in various long-reach applications has been immensely escalated and in most of these applications, the presence of inherent structural flexibilities is more inevitable that causes vibration. As a result, this undesirable residual vibration reduces the working efficiency and positioning accuracy. For the first time, the present work formulates a nonlinear dynamical model of a spatial multi-link manipulator mounted on a mobile platform incorporating rigid and flexible links, and payload to study the end-point residual vibration characteristics. The dynamic modelling takes into account of coupled geometric and inertial nonlinearities due to impinging motion quality between joints, actuators, and elastic link deflections. The manipulator consists of rigid and two three-dimensional flexible links driven by prismatic joint and revolute joints, respectively. The flexible links assume the Euler-Bernoulli beam elements and time-dependent in-plane motion is provided to the rigid link. Sets of nonlinear governing equations of motion have been developed analytically using Hamilton’s variational principle. An independent generalized coordinates system is then used to obtain a nonlinear reduced form by discretizing the spatio-temporal equations of motion and study the trajectory dynamics of the robotic manipulator. The residual vibration characteristics at the payload end have been graphically investigated by imparting generalized sinusoidal and bang-bang torque profiles at respective joints. Nonlinear structural flexibility and material’s class can play key factors that influence the residual end-point vibration. It is proven that Bang-Bang torque profile widens the settling period in residual vibration due to its complex transition characteristics as compared to sinusoidal motion profile for a specific torque duty cycle. The numerical simulations demonstrate that the end-point residual vibrations and joint deflections are significantly influenced by the changes in physical and geometric variables which may lead to positioning errors and control of spatial flexible manipulators.
Effect of the Emotional Antisaccade Tasks on Salivary Trace Elements and Resting State EEG in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Portnova Galina V. , Khayrullina Guzal , Mikheev Ivan V. , Byvsheva Sophia M. , Proskurnina Elena V. , Martynova Olga V.
Published: August 2023

The study of salivary microelements and their neurophysiological and behavioral correlates in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a pressing issue in modern psychiatry, which, however, lacks adequate research at this time, especially in terms of emotional or cognitive effort. In this study, we tested the dynamics of behavioral parameters, electroencephalogram (EEG) parameters, and salivary iron, copper, manganese, magnesium, and zinc in 30 healthy volunteers and 30 OCD patients using an emotional antisaccade task with an overlap design. We recorded both 64-channel EEG and eye-movement data and investigated the task-solving effectiveness and linear and non-linear features of the EEG resting states before and following the experimental paradigm. Our research revealed consistently increased manganese concentrations in OCD patients compared to healthy volunteers associated with higher amplitude variability of the EEG and symptom severity. The dynamics of salivary microelements and resting state EEG associated with task solving differed between groups. In healthy volunteers, there was a decrease in salivary iron with an increase in high-frequency PSD. In patients with OCD, there was a decrease in salivary copper with increased Hjorth mobility of the EEG.
Risk Assessment of Industrial Microbes Using a Terrestrial Mesocosm Platform
Authors: Arnolds Kathleen , Higgins Riley C. , Crandall Jennifer , Li Gabriella , Linger Jeffrey G. , Guarnieri Michael T.
Published: August 2023

Industrial microbes and bio-derived products have emerged as an integral component of the bioeconomy, with an array of agricultural, bioenergy, and biomedical applications. However, the rapid development of microbial biotechnology raises concerns related to environmental escape of laboratory microbes, detection and tracking thereof, and resultant impact upon native ecosystems. Indeed, though wild-type and genetically modified microbes are actively deployed in industrial bioprocesses, an understanding of microbial interactivity and impact upon the environment is severely lacking. In particular, the persistence and sustained ecosystem impact of industrial microbes following laboratory release or unintentional laboratory escape remains largely unexplored. Herein, we investigate the applicability of soil-sorghum mesocosms for the ecological risk assessment of the industrial microbe, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We developed and applied a suite of diagnostic and bioinformatic analyses, including digital droplet PCR, microscopy, and phylogenomic analyses to assess the impacts of a terrestrial ecosystem perturbation event over a 30-day time course. The platform enables reproducible, high sensitivity tracking of S. cerevisiae in a complex soil microbiome and analysis of the impact upon abiotic soil characteristics and soil microbiome population dynamics and diversity. The resultant data indicate that even though S. cerevisiae is relatively short-lived in the mesocosm, a single perturbation event can have sustained impact upon soil composition and underlying microbial populations, underscoring the necessity for more comprehensive risk assessment and development of mitigation and biocontainment strategies in industrial bioprocesses.
Breathing sounds analysis system for early detection of airway problems in patients with a tracheostomy tube
Authors: Kim Hyunbum , Koh Daeyeon , Jung Yohan , Han Hyunjun , Kim Jongbaeg , Joo Younghoon
Published: August 2023

To prevent immediate mortality in patients with a tracheostomy tube, it is essential to ensure timely suctioning or replacement of the tube. Breathing sounds at the entrance of tracheostomy tubes were recorded with a microphone and analyzed using a spectrogram to detect airway problems. The sounds were classified into three categories based on the waveform of the spectrogram according to the obstacle status: normal breathing sounds (NS), vibrant breathing sounds (VS) caused by movable obstacles, and sharp breathing sounds (SS) caused by fixed obstacles. A total of 3,950 breathing sounds from 23 patients were analyzed. Despite neither the patients nor the medical staff recognizing any airway problems, the number and percentage of NS, VS, and SS were 1,449 (36.7%), 1,313 (33.2%), and 1,188 (30.1%), respectively. Artificial intelligence (AI) was utilized to automatically classify breathing sounds. MobileNet and Inception_v3 exhibited the highest sensitivity and specificity scores of 0.9441 and 0.9414, respectively. When classifying into three categories, ResNet_50 showed the highest accuracy of 0.9027, and AlexNet showed the highest accuracy of 0.9660 in abnormal sounds. Classifying breathing sounds into three categories is very useful to decide whether to suction or change the tracheostomy tubes, and AI can accomplish this with high accuracy.
A Systematic Review of Seizure Onset Pattern in SEEG and a Proposal for Morphological Classification
Authors: Yindeedej Vich , Uda Takehiro , Tanoue Yuta , Kojima Yuichiro , Kawashima Toshiyuki , Koh Saya , Uda Hiroshi , Nishiyama Taro , Takagawa Masanari , Shuto Futoshi , Goto Takeo
Published: August 2023

Background: Seizure onset pattern (SOP) represents an alteration of electroencephalography (EEG) morphology at the beginning of seizure activity in epilepsy. With stereotactic electroencephalography (SEEG), a method for intracranial EEG evaluation, many morphological SOP classifications have been reported without established consensus. These inconsistent classifications with ambiguous terminology present difficulties to communication among epileptologists.
Methods: We systematically reviewed SOP in SEEG by searching the PubMed database. Reported morphological classifications and the ambiguous terminology used were collected. After thoroughly reviewing all reports, we reconsidered the definitions of these terms and explored a more consistent and simpler morphological SOP classification.
Results: Of the 458 studies initially found,8 studies were finally included after screening and excluding irrelevant studies. We reconsidered EEG onset, period for determining type of SOP, core electrode and other terms in SEEG. We proposed a morphological SOP classification comprising four major types with three special subtypes.
Conclusions: A systematic review of SOP in SEEG was performed. Our classification may be suitable for describing SOP morphology.
Derivation and Comparative Analysis of End-To-End Power Models for 5G RAN Architectures
Authors: Doorgakant Bhuvaneshwar , Fowdur Tulsi Pawan
Published: August 2023

A considerable rise in the conventional trajectory of energy consumption is expected to be introduced by 5G which already consumes four times more energy than 4G. Consequently, energy efficiency is a major concern in 5G in contrast to earlier generations due to the further densification of cells. This paper proposes end-to-end power models for three different 5G RAN deployment architectures, namely the 5G distributed RAN, the 5G centralised RAN with dedicated hardware and the 5G Cloud Centralised-RAN. The end-to-end modelling of the power consumption of a complete 5G system is obtained by combining the power models of individual components such as the Base Station, the Core Network, front-haul, mid-haul and backhaul links, as applicable for the different architectures. The variation of the end-to-end power consumption of the 5G networks against key dependent parameters is analysed. The apportionment of power consumption at the different segments of the 5G networks is also calculated and discussed. It was found that the Decentralised 5G scenario had the highest power consumption of the three models analysed. On the other hand, the Centralised 5G and the 5G Cloud C-RAN consumed 12% and 20% less power respectively as compared to the Decentralised solution. Moreover, calculations demonstrated that the power consumption attributed to Base Stations varied between 74–78% of the Global 5G network power consumption. Thus, this study provides valuable insights for understanding the power consumption of various 5G architectures thereby laying the foundation for their sustainable deployment.
Molecular Property Diagnostic Suite Compound Library (MPDS-CL): A Structure based Classification of the Chemical Space
Authors: John Lijo , Nagamani Selvaraman , Mahanta Hridoy Jyoti , Vaikundamani S. , Kumar Nandan , Kumar Asheesh , Jamir Esther , Priyadarsinee Lipsa , Sastry G. Narahari
Published: August 2023

Molecular Property Diagnostic Suite-Compound Library (MPDS-CL), is an open-source galaxy-based cheminformatics web-portal which presents a structure-based classification of the molecules. A structure-based classification of nearly 150 million unique compounds, which are obtained from 42 publicly available databases were curated for redundancy removal through 97 hierarchically well-defined atom composition-based portions. These are further subjected to 56-bit fingerprint-based classification algorithm which led to a formation of 56 structurally well-defined classes. The classes thus obtained were further divided into clusters based on their molecular weight. Thus, the entire set of molecules was put in 56 different classes and 625 clusters. This led to the assignment of a unique ID, named as MPDS-Aadhar card, for each of these 149 169 443 molecules. Aadhar card is akin to the unique number given to citizens in India (similar to the SSN in US, NINO in UK). MPDS-CL unique features are: a) several search options, such as exact structure search, substructure search, property-based search, fingerprint-based search, using SMILES, InChIKey and key-in; b) automatic generation of information for the processing for MPDS and other galaxy tools; c) providing the class and cluster of a molecule which makes it easier and fast to search for similar molecules and d) information related to the presence of the molecules in multiple databases. The MPDS-CL can be accessed at http://mpds.neist.res.in:8086/.
Targeted combination of Bevacizumab demonstrates superior efficacy for stage IV Adenocarcinoma of the lung with EGFR mutation: A Real World Study
Authors: Yu Yongkui , Xu Lei , Wei Xiufeng , Xie Hou-nai , Chen Yongfeng , Li Haomiao , Liu Qi , Sun Haibo , Ma Haibo , Xing Wenqun
Published: August 2023

Background
Research on bevacizumab combined with EGFR-TKIs is limited to erlotinib, and the NCCN guidelines only recommend erlotinib combined with bevacizumab as a nonfirst-line option. Consequently, To address the real-world efficacy of various treatment regimens, we conducted this study.
Methods
A total of 11,893 patients were screened. The patients were divided into three distinct groups: single targeted group(T), targeted combined chemotherapy group(TC) and targeted combined bevacizumab group(TB), and. The targeted therapy plans encompassed the utilization of first-, second-, and third-generation targeted drugs, namely, Iresa, Ireko, Echtenib, Afatinib, and Osimertinib. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of pemetrexed in combination with platinum, administered in a 21-day cycle for a total of 4–6 cycles. Subsequently, the patients continued receiving targeted drugs until disease progression. Statistical analysis was performed using the R programming language. The survival analysis compared patients treated with the three groups and who received first-generation combined targeted bevacizumab with single T. Subgroup analysis was performed for each factor.
Results
The study included a total of 822 patients, comprising 308 males (36.2%) and 542 females (63.8%), with ages ranging from 26 to 88 years (mean age of 58.9 ± 11.0 years). A total of 591 cases were group T, 152 cases were TC, and 107 cases were TB. The five-year survival of TB (78.5%, 95% CI: 0.625–0.985) was found to be significantly higher than TC (63.1%, 95% CI: 0.54.7-0.728) and T (44.1%, 95% CI: 0.387–0.503). Subgroup analysis revealed that among patients with stage IV adenocarcinoma of the lung with EGFR-sensitive mutations, women (p = 0.05), ≤ 65 years old (p = 0.05), no history of hypertension (p = 0.04), no history of diabetes (p = 0.04), no history of smoking (p = 0.05), smoking index ≤ 200 years (p = 0.04), and no brain metastasis (p = 0.05) who treated with TB experienced a survival advantage. The combination of bevacizumab with first-generation targeted drugs demonstrated superior efficacy compared to first-generation and third-generation targeted drugs (HR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.47–1.81, p < 0.0001).
Conclusion
In patients diagnosed with stage IV adenocarcinoma of the lung with EGFR-sensitive mutations, TB demonstrates superior efficacy compared to TC and T. Furthermore, the efficacy of first-generation targeting combined with bevacizumab surpasses that of single targeting.
The limits of inductive reasoning for clinical evidence appraisal – a simulation study (Protocol)
Authors: Mickenautsch Steffen , Yengopal Veerasamy
Published: August 2023

Objectives: To establish the possible likelihood of a body of evidence, inductively judged to be of ’low bias risk’/‘high-quality’ according to a limited set of appraisal criteria, of actually being error free.
Methods: We will generate 45 simulation trials and randomly assign to each 0-5 errors out of a total of 65 error domains. The trials will then be appraised for errors with a simulated appraisal tool comprising of five pre-specified error domains. Trial appraisal will yield either true positive, true negative, false negative and false positive results. From these values the negative likelihood ratio (-LR) with 95% Confidence interval (CI) will be computed. -LR computation will be repeated 25 times, each with newly generated random values for all 45 trials. The results of all 25 runs will be statistically pooled. The pooled –LR result with 95% CI will be interpreted as how likely a ’low bias risk’/‘high-quality’ rated body of evidence is to be actually error-free.
Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for simulation-based studies. The results will be disseminated as a prior preprint version and subsequent peer-reviewed publication.
The use of IRI data in developing optimal pavement rehabilitation plan for developing countries: Palestine as a case study
Authors: Abaza Khaled A , Assi Nizar A
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates the potential use of international roughness index (IRI) in generating optimal rehabilitation plans at the network-level. The IRI data used in the study is obtained using the portable vehicle-mounted IRIMETER-2 profilometer, which is a product of Englo LLC, Tallinn, Estonia. An optimum rehabilitation model is proposed which aims to minimize the average IRI value at the network-level subject to variable and budget constraints. The model mainly focusses on using major rehabilitation strategies that are capable of producing major improvement in pavement condition. An alternate maximization model that can use other pavement condition indicators such as present serviceability index (PSI) and pavement condition index (PCI) is also presented. The PSI and PCI can be estimated from the IRI using correlation models. The proposed optimum models are linear in form and can easily be solved using the proposed cost-effectiveness ratio. The sample results presented for 27.1 km suburban highway has indicated the reliability of using the IRI data in generating optimal rehabilitation plans. A statistical uncertainty analysis of IRI measurements has produced a mild impact on optimal solutions derived using ten independent IRI tests and 99% confidence level. The uncertainty analysis has also indicated the use of only one IRI test provides results that are statistically indifferent from those obtained using ten IRI tests.
Residential building damage assessment and evaluation for the July 2021 flood in Westport, New Zealand
Authors: Paulik Ryan , Wild Alec , Zorn Conrad , Wotherspoon Liam , Williams Shaun
Published: August 2023

Reliable flood damage models are informed by detailed damage assessments. Damage models are a critical flood risk assessment component representing flood exposed object vulnerabilities. This study evaluates residential building flood damage information collected following the July 2021 flood in Westport, New Zealand. We report hazard, exposure and damage characteristics observed and recorded from 247 damaged buildings then develop and evaluate the predictive performance of six univariable and two multivariable damage models. Building characteristic homogeneity and component damage caused primarily from water depth resulted in similar relative damage prediction precision and reliability for different univariable models based on water depth above ground alone. Compared to univariable models the Random Forest algorithm improved precision by 10% when the most important explanatory damage variables for relative damage were considered. Our results suggest that building heterogeneity should be identified for exposed objects when determining univariable or multivariable damage model selection in flood risk assessment. Residential building damage homogeneity in Westport indicates the comparatively simpler univariable damage models could be applied in similar flood risk contexts.
Sistemas de Classificação em Arcos Parcialmente Edêntulos: Revisão Narrativa da Literatura
Authors: Figueiredo Viviane Maria Gonçalves de , Silva Larissa Micaella Moraes Arcoverde e , Grangeiro Manassés Tercio Vieira
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Objetivou-se realizar uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre sistemas classificação de arcos parcialmente edêntulos. Metodologia: Nesta revisão narrativa da literatura, buscou-se a literatura através livros sobre prótese parcial removível e por meio de bases de dados como Google Acadêmico e Pubmed . Utilizando os termos chaves classification sistem (sistema de classificação), educação dental (dental education) e removable partial prosthesis (prótese parcial removível). A seleção da literatura foi realizada com base na leitura de resumos e abstracts; assim os critérios de inclusão foram literaturas em língua portuguesa e inglesa, estudos de pesquisa e revisões de literatura. Já os critérios de exclusão foram literaturas que não abordassem o tema em questão ou classificações que não abordavam reabilitação com PPR. Resultados: Literatura escassa, diversas classificações existentes, porém muitas não foram bem aceitas pela comunidade odontológica. As classificações de Cummer, Kennedy, Rumpel, Müller, Wild, Kennedy-Applegate, American College of Prosthodontists, Implant Corret-Kennedy são as mais relevantes e prevalentes na literatura. O estudo das classificações anteriormente foi proposto de forma estática, mas sabe-se que é essencial para o planejamento da estrutura metálica da prótese. Considerações Finais: Conforme a literatura pesquisada, mostra que apenas uma única classificação não é suficiente para identificar o arco parcialemente edêntulo, e que a classificação deve vislumbrar o planejamento da PPR. Assim deve-se agrupar classificações com base biomecânica, topográfica, funcional, de transmissão de carga mastigatória, diagnóstico e tratamento.
Higher-point integrands in $\mathcal{N} = 4$ super Yang-Mills theory
Authors: Bargheer Till , Fleury Thiago , Gonçalves Vasco
Published: August 2023

We compute the integrands of five-, six-, and seven-point correlation functions of twenty-prime operators with general polarizations at the two-loop order in \mathcal{N}=4𝒩=4 super Yang-Mills theory. In addition, we compute the integrand of the five-point function at three-loop order. Using the operator product expansion, we extract the two-loop four-point function of one Konishi operator and three twenty-prime operators. Two methods were used for computing the integrands. The first method is based on constructing an ansatz, and then numerically fitting for the coefficients using the twistor-space reformulation of \mathcal{N}=4𝒩=4 super Yang-Mills theory. The second method is based on the OPE decomposition. Only very few correlator integrands for more than four points were known before. Our results can be used to test conjectures, and to make progresses on the integrability-based hexagonalization approach for correlation functions.
A meta-analysis of determinants influencing bank employees’ satisfaction
Authors: Nantavisit Nuttaprachya , Kim Long , Dorn Udom
Published: August 2023

Job satisfaction is an important factor in the success of any organization, and the banking industry is no exception. This study conducted a meta-analysis of 34 empirical studies to identify the key factors that influence job satisfaction among bank employees. The results showed that seven factors were most frequently cited as important: leadership, intrinsic motivation, reward, organizational commitment, work ethic, HRM activities, and working conditions. These factors were all found to have a positive impact on job satisfaction, with leadership having the strongest effect. The meta-analysis also found that the effect sizes of these factors were relatively large, indicating that they have a significant impact on job satisfaction. This suggests that banks can improve job satisfaction among their employees by focusing on these factors. For example, banks can provide employees with strong leadership, offer competitive rewards, and create a positive work environment. By doing so, banks can boost employee morale and productivity, which can lead to improved customer service and financial performance.
A pénzügyőri hivatásválasztás hátterének kvalitatív vizsgálata
Authors: Erdős Ákos , Magasvári Adrienn
Published: August 2023

A szerzők egyetemi oktatóként, a pénzügyőrök pályaszocializációs képzése során szembesültek azzal a ténnyel, hogy a rendészeti hivatások, így a pénzügyőri hivatás utánpótlásproblémái már a felsőoktatási intézményt is elérték. A feltáró kutatással azt a célt tűzték maguk elé, hogy feltérképezzék a pénzügyőr hallgatók pályaválasztási motivációt, segítve ezzel az egyetem és a munkáltató adó- és vámhatóság toborzási és megtartási stratégiájának alakítását. Arra kerestek választ, hogy milyen tényezők indítják arra a mai fiatalokat, hogy egyenruhás, rend- vagy honvédelmi pályát válasszanak. Ezen belül pedig milyen motívumok vezetnek a pénzügyőri hivatás választásához? A kutatás kérdéseinek tisztázására fókuszcsoportos interjúkat készítettek, amelyek mentén azonosították azokat az egyénhez kötődő, illetve a munkához (hivatáshoz) kapcsolódó külső és belső motívumokat, amelyek egyrészt az egyenruhás hivatás választását ösztönzik, másrészt egyértelműen elhatárolják a rend- és honvédelmi pályára, illetve a pénzügyőri pályára orientáló tényezőket.
Hivatásos jogviszonyban álló oktatók narratívái oktatói identitásukról
Authors: Hegedűs Judit , Fekete Márta
Published: August 2023

A felsőoktatásban oktatók nem feltétlenül készültek arra pályájuk elején, hogy oktatói feladatokat lássanak el, éppen ezért is izgalmas megvizsgálni, hogy miként határozzák meg saját oktatói szerepüket. Az oktatói identitásról születtek már kutatások (Beauchamp & Thomas, 2009; Kálmán, 2019), azonban ezidáig olyan hazai vizsgálat még nem látott napvilágot, ahol a hivatásos állományban lévő, oktatói, nevelési feladatokat ellátókat kérdezik meg a saját oktatói identitásukról (külföldiek közül lásd pl: McCoy, 2006). Egy nagyobb, a Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetemen zajló, oktatói kompetenciákat vizsgáló kutatásunkban ezért kifejezetten törekedtünk arra, hogy hivatásos állományú kollégák esetében vizsgáljuk meg, miként definiálják önmagukat, mint oktatókat mennyire jelenik meg tudatos döntésként pályaválasztásukban az oktatói pálya, hogyan készültek fel erre, milyen nehézséget okoz a rendészeti/honvédelmi szervezeti kultúrában betöltött státusz és az oktatói szerep összehangolása. A fentebb feltett kérdéseink megválaszolására a jelenleg is folyamatban lévő komplex vizsgálódásunk keretein belül félig strukturált interjúkat készítettünk a rendészeti és honvédelmi felsőoktatásban dolgozó, hivatásos állományban lévő kollégákkal. A nagyobb kutatás keretein belül 25 interjú készült, melyek elemzése alapján elmondható, hogy azon hivatásos kollégák, akik civil diplomával rendelkeznek, jóval nyitottabbak az innovatív oktatási módszerek iránt, számukra az oktatói szerep hangsúlyosabb, míg az eredetileg hivatásosként, korábban terepen dolgozó kollégák inkább rendészeti szakemberként értelmezik önmagukat, számukra az oktatói munka nem elsődleges célként körvonalazódik szakmai karrierjükben. Továbbá azon kollégák számára, akik hosszabb időt kint töltöttek a terepen, kihívást is jelent a megváltozott hallgató-oktató viszonyban gondolkodni.
Pályaorientáció tanári szemmel
Authors: Emerencia Héjja Bella
Published: August 2023

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A nevelésszociológiáról – Mindenkinek
Authors: Gál Enikő
Published: August 2023

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Weed Control Strategies for Restoration of the Atlantic Forest in the State of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil
Authors: Lisboa Alysson Canabrava , Silva Charles Oliveira da , Santos Alinne Rocha , Santana João Elves da Silva , Antunes Luiz Fernando de Sousa , Leles Paulo Sérgio dos Santos
Published: August 2023

The objective was to evaluate the best weed control strategy, for the formation of forest stands in Atlantic Forest, Brazil, aiming at restoration in an area dominated by Urochloa decumbes, evaluating the biological indicators and costs. It also sought to verify the magnitude of response of mechanical control compared to treatment without intervention, for similar sites where the experiment was installed and conducted. The treatments were: T1 - mechanical (mowing and crowning); T2 - chemical (application of glyphosate syrup); T3 - mechanical cultural (weeding, seeding and cultivation of Cajanus cajan and Canavalia ensiformes); T4 - chemical cultural (application of glyphosate, seeding and cultivation of legumes); T5 - absolute control (no intervention after planting). Activities and evaluations were carried out up to 30 months after planting the seedlings of the five species used. It was observed that in all treatments the survival of the plants reached values higher than 80%, at 6 and 18 months after planting. It was found that, on average, the tree plants in T2, T3, and T4 showed significantly higher growth than those in T1 and T5, which did not differ. The control with glyphosate is indicated for areas with predominance of Urochloa sp. Strategy control with glyphosate and cultivation of herbaceous legumes has potential use and needs adjustments to reduce costs. Also, that the control with mowing and crowning is not indicated due to the high cost and not favoring the growth of the planted trees, because it did not show significant differences in relation to the controls.