bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dasar pemikiran moneter dalam sistem keuangan islam
Authors: ramadani rahmi qurania
Published: September 2022

Bila melihat sejarah lahirnya sistem-sistem ekonomi dunia, maka kita akan menemukan suatu kesamaan, yakni semua sistem yang pernah ada mempunyai tujuan untuk mecapai tingkat kesejahteraan manusia pada umumnya. Namun karena setiap sistem yang ada, selalu diwarnai dengan ideologi-ideologi penggagas atau pencetus teori ekonomi tersebut, sebut saja ekonomi kapitalis, sosialis dan Islam yang masing-masing mempunyai dasar ideologi berbeda. Ekonomi islam maupun konvensional banyak menyetujui bahwa upaya untuk mengendalikan inflasi agar tetap dalam tingkat moderat, kebijakan pemerintah (kebijikan fiskal) maupun otoritas moneter (kebijakan moneter) merupakan bagian dan upaya menelan inflasi. Apabila inflasi di defenisikan dengan kecendrungan kenaikan harga-harga secara umum, maka akan kita dapati bahwa dalam setiap perekonomian apakah itu menggunakan sistem ekonomi kapitalis ataupun islam akan senantiasa ditemui permasalahan infalasi.
ekonomi moneter islam
Authors: ramadani rahmi qurania
Published: September 2022

pertumbuhan ekonomi merupakan suatu gambaran mengenai dampak kebijakan pemerintah yang dilaksanakan khususnya dalam bidang ekonomi.????'
Embracing Disciplinary Diversity in Visualization
Authors: Losev Tatiana , Raynor Justin , Carpendale Sheelagh , Tory Melanie
Published: September 2022

Visualization is inherently diverse and is employed in countless domains to enable meaningful interactions with data. There is tremendous opportunity in embracing disciplinary diversity to widen the pool of contributions to visualization design, research, and practice. We describe a few examples of diverse approaches: scientific method, design studies, tool building, participatory research and co design with communities, data storytelling, and autographic design. We discuss opening the aperture, pushing back on what we, as a community, deem acceptable and rigorous, and what can be gained through greater inclusivity of approaches.
KONSEP DASAR DAN RANCANG BANGUN (EKONOMI MIKRO SYARIAH)
Authors: Nuraisyah
Published: September 2022

Ekonomi mikro islam berarti suatu sistem yang didalamnya terdapat perilaku beberapa individu, baik itu sebagai konsumen, produsen, atau tenaga kerja yang dalam kegiatan ekonominya selalu diilhami oleh nilai-nilai yang mengenai ajaran ke islaman.
TENTANG MEREKA YANG TERUSIR KARENA IMAN (ANALISIS SOSIOLOGI SASTRA TERHADAP NOVEL MARYAM KARYA OKKY MADASARI)
Authors: Salsabila Nisa Fitma
Published: September 2022

Kekuasaan yang dimiliki oleh mayoritas tidak jarang membawa adanya konflik dengan pihak minoritas. Sama halnya dengan agama. Agama seperti dua sisi mata uang. Pada satu sisi kepercayaan memberi jalan menuju perdamaian, tetapi di sisi lain agama dianggap sebagai sumber perpecahan dalam masyarakat. Bentuk protes dari masyarakat terhadap penindasan kaum minoritas terus berdatangan.Penyuaraan hak asasi manusia tidak hanya dilakukan melalui gerakan-gerakan secara nyata, namun juga dilakukan secara halus dengan memasukan perlawanan serta aspirasi melalui karya sastra. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsiakan bentuk penindasan kaum mayoritas terhadap minoritas (Jemaah Ahmadiyah) dan bentuk perlawanan kaum minoritas sebagai upaya penyuaraan HAM (Hak Asasi Manusia). Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu membaca kritis dan membaca berkesinambungan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara (1) kodifikasi data, (2) pengelompokan data, (3) interpretasi makna, (4) deskripsi bentuk penindasanterhadap kaum minoritas dan bentuk perlawanan kaum minoritas sebagai upaya penyuaraan HAM (Hak Asasi Manusia), (5) penyimpulan hasil analisis. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, bentuk penindasan yang dialami oleh kaum minoritas (Jemaah Ahmadiyah) yaitu berupa pengusiran, kekerasan dan diskriminasi terhadap keluarga Maryam dan para Jemaah Ahmadiyah lainnya. Kedua, bentuk perlawanan dari kaum minoritas digambarkan melalui tokoh Maryam ketika menemui Pak Gubernur untuk meminta keadilan dan kepastian nasib.
Differential expression of PRKG1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines sporadic ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of PRKG1, encoding protein kinase, cGMP-dependent, type I, in primary motor neurons of patients with ALS. PRKG1 was also differentially expressed in the fibroblasts isolated from patients with ALS. PRKG1 transcript was present at higher levels in ALS patient fibroblasts as compared to control, non-diseased fibroblasts. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Ekonomi mikro syariah
Authors: Nurfadila Dayang
Published: September 2022

Ekonomi mikro syariah adalah suatu sistem yang mengatur perilaku konsumen dan produsen yang dalam kegiatan ekonominya berlandaskan al-qur’an dan hadis serta nilai keislaman di dalamnya. Permasalahan Ekonomi MikroMasalah ekonomi mikro syariah, menurut Baqr as-sadr bahwa pada hakikatnya sumber daya itu melimpah dan tidak terbatas, namun permasalahan utamanya ialah manusia yang keinginannya tanpa batas.Pentignya Belajar Ekonomi Mikro SyariahPentingnya belajar ekonomi mikro syariah adalah untuk mendapatkan keyakinan diri tentang penerapan teori ekonomi islam yang relevan dan dapat diterapkan dalam dunia nyata dalam pengambilan keputusan.
Differential expression of C1QC in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published and public data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of C1QC, encoding complement C1q C chain, in the motor neurons of patients with ALS. C1QC was also differentially expressed in the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons of patients with ALS. C1QC transcript was present at significantly higher levels in ALS patient motor neurons as compared to control motor neurons. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
The Kingfisher Story Collection
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang
Published: September 2022

(Third edition with additions)This is a collection of short stories centering around the protagonist character, Kingfisher, originally written in Vietnamese.The book aims to introduce international readers to snippets of Vietnamese culture through the ordinary yet humorous life of the bird village.The first 15 of these short stories were published in the Khoảng Lặng (Quiet Moment) column of the Vietnamese magazine Kinh Tế và Dự Báo (Economy and Forecast Review) from 2017 to 2019.However, this is the first time that the collection of all the Kingfisher stories has been published in its entirety, covering stories that have not been published elsewhere, including new stories written in 2023.The stories of Kingfisher are full of humor and satire while also deep in social commentary. I hope that the book brings readers joy and some food for thought, for beyond satire is genuine contemplation of the humanistic values in life.Hanoi, October 21, 2023Quan-Hoang Vuong(Incld. Artworks by Bui Quang Khiem and Dam Thi Thu Ha)
Gravity: The Effective Mass Theory of Gravity
Authors: McLoughlin Lee
Published: September 2022

F = (G x Mss1) x (G x Mss2)Where G = 1.13832865e−9 and Mss is the effective mass in kg.It should be noted early on also that gravitational formulas aren’t actually used to calculate gravitational force. They are used in transposed form and used to calculate mass where gravitational force is a given. Even here on Earth we use gravitational force to calculate mass such as when we ‘weigh’ something or ourselves. We step on to the scales and use gravitational force (weight) to measure our mass.As you might have guessed from my formulas, Mss1 and Mss2 are fractions of M1 and M2 and represent the ‘effective mass’ of M1 and M2. What this new theory proves is that not the whole mass of two celestial bodies is responsible for the gravitational force between them. The same is true also for surface gravity. When teachers of science impress a class by demonstrating that a small magnet can lift a paperclip against the gravity of the whole Earth well that is very misconceived. If I stood in London and held my arm out in front of me, would the gravity of the whole Earth be pulling down on my arm? No. In fact, the gravity in Sydney, Australia would be pulling in the opposite direction.Mss1 and Mss2, at a fraction of M1 and M2, account for the total mass responsible for the gravitational force between M1 and M2. Therefore, we no longer require dark matter to fill in for the apparent missing mass. The dark matter problem is solved.This paper also covers the inverse square law on gravity, explains why gravitational force appears to follow the inverse square and explains mathematically why it doesn’t follow the inverse square exactly, hence its absence from my formulas.This theory is classical in nature and so relies on the fact that gravity is a force and is a natural phenomenon where the cause of gravity isn’t explained but rather is accepted as a property of mass.Because this theory of gravity is novel and is a standalone replacement theory, this paper seeks to cover everything including gravitational waves, gravitational shielding, general relativity and dark matter we’ve already touched upon in this introduction. Because of the nature and extent of this paper, it is written in ‘text book’ form.
Modality-specific Sensory and Decisional Carryover Effects in Duration Perception
Authors: Li Baolin , Wang Biyao , ZAIDEL ADAM
Published: September 2022

The brain uses recent history when forming perceptual decisions. This results in carryover effects in perception. Although separate sensory and decisional carryover effects have been shown in many perceptual tasks, their existence and nature in temporal processing is unclear. Here, we investigated whether and how previous stimuli and previous choices affect subsequent duration perception, in vision and audition. In a series of three experiments, participants were asked to classify visual or auditory stimuli into ‘shorter’ or ‘longer’ duration categories. In Experiment 1, visual and auditory stimuli were presented in separate blocks. Results showed that current duration estimates were repelled away from the previous trial’s stimulus duration, but attracted towards the previous choice, in both vision and audition. In Experiment 2, visual and auditory stimuli were pseudorandomly presented in one block. We found that sensory and decisional carryover effects occurred only when previous and current stimuli were from same modality. Experiment 3 further investigated the stimulus-dependence of carryover effects within each modality. In this experiment, visual stimuli with different shape topologies (or auditory stimuli with different audio frequencies) were pseudorandomly presented in one visual (or auditory) block. Results demonstrated sensory carryover (within each modality) despite task-irrelevant differences in visual shape topology or audio frequency. By contrast, decisional carryover was reduced (but still present) across different visual topologies, and completely absent across different audio frequencies. These results suggest that serial dependence in duration perception is modality specific. Moreover, repulsive sensory carryover effects generalize within each modality, whereas attractive decisional carryover effects are contingent on contextual details.
Measuring CHAOS? Evaluating the short-form Confusion, Hubbub And Order Scale
Authors: Larsen Sally A. , Asbury Kathryn , Coventry William , Hart Sara Ann , Little Callie , Petrill Stephen
Published: September 2022

The Confusion, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS) – short form – is a survey tool intended to capture information about home environments. It is widely used in studies of child and adolescent development and psychopathology, particularly twin studies. The original long form of the scale comprised 15 items and was validated in a sample of infants in the 1980s. The short form of the scale was developed in the late 1990s and contains six items, including four from the original scale, and two new items. This short form has not been validated and is the focus of this study. We use five samples (N=10,898) from studies in Australia, the UK, and the USA, to examine the measurement properties of the CHAOS short form. We first compare alternate confirmatory factor models for each group; we next test between-group configural, metric and scalar invariance; finally, we examine predictive validity of the scale in each sample under different conditions. We find evidence that a two-factor configuration of the six items is more appropriate than the commonly used one-factor model. Second, we find measurement non-invariance across groups at the metric invariance step, with items performing differently depending on the sample. By contrast we find longitudinal measurement invariance in two of the three samples with multi-wave data collection on the CHAOS. Finally, we report inconsistent results in tests of predictive validity using family-level socioeconomic status and academic achievement as criterion variables. The results caution the continued use of the short-form CHAOS in its current form and recommend future revisions and development of the scale for use in developmental research.
A meeting of positive behaviors: The relations of three aspects of flexibility with character strengths
Authors: Vylobkova Valentina , Heintz Sonja
Published: September 2022

The adaptation of own plans and behaviors to new circumstances seems to be a desirable personal quality in the modern world. However, Lavy (2020) argues that adaptability cannot be transferred to a single character strength. The present research examines this assumption using typical and daily behaviors of three aspects of flexibility (predictability, adaptability and orderliness) and 24 character strengths. Across two studies (N1=283, N2=188), flexibility showed a consistent and large overlap with character strengths. Adaptability was positively related to most of the strengths. Predictability was positively related to humility and prudence, and orderliness to perseverance, prudence, and self-regulation. These results support Lavy`s assumption and build a strong basis for further examining the relationships and interplay between flexibility and character strengths. They also constitute an important first step toward integrative positive interventions that target relevant aspects of flexibility and character.
Testing the State and Trait Accuracy Model: How Accurate Judgments of State Affect Relate and Contribute to Accurate Judgments of Personality Traits
Authors: Letzring Tera D. , Hall Judith Allen , Biesanz Jeremy Charles , Krzyzaniak Sheherezade Liesel , McDonald Jennifer
Published: September 2022

Psychology has long traditions of measuring the accuracy of judging personality and the accuracy of judging emotional states, but little theoretical progress has been made to connect these two processes that are so important in daily life. The State and Trait Accuracy Model (STAM) was designed to describe how accurate judgments of affective states might influence the accuracy of judgments of personality traits. Four studies (total N = 1484) tested the predictions of STAM that 1) accuracy of judging affect is positively related to accuracy of judging traits of the same target people, and 2) accuracy of affect judgments influences accuracy of trait judgments. Judges observed targets who had been recorded in situations of medium strength so that targets with different levels of traits would respond differently, and then provided judgments of affect and traits. Consistent support was found for the positive relation between affect accuracy, especially for positive emotions, and trait accuracy. Some support was also found for the causal connection from affect accuracy to trait accuracy, although this connection was not always in the expected direction. Results from this type of research enhance understanding of the process of judgments of affect and traits, and could be used to design effective methods for increasing the accuracy of judgments of others.
Perceived antidepressant efficacy associated with reduced negative and enhanced neutral mnemonic discrimination
Authors: Phillips Taylor , Castro Madelyn , Vas Rishi , Ferguson Lorena A. , Harikumar Amritha , Leal Stephanie L
Published: September 2022

Background: Depression is associated with general memory impairment as well as a negativity bias, where negative experiences are better remembered. One potential mechanism underlying the negativity bias in depression could be pattern separation, a hippocampal computation that processes similar experiences as unique using non-overlapping representations, enabling individuals to remember the negative details of an experience. Mnemonic discrimination tasks, which provide a behavioral correlate of hippocampal pattern separation, have found that individuals with depressive symptoms show impaired general memory but enhanced negative mnemonic discrimination accompanied by a shift in amygdala-hippocampal dynamics (e.g. increased amygdala and reduced hippocampal activity). Antidepressants are one of the first-line treatments for depression, which have been shown to reverse hippocampal volume reduction, increase neurogenesis, and impact both memory and mood in rodent models. However, the impact of antidepressants on hippocampal pattern separation has not yet been examined in humans. Furthermore, antidepressants have limited efficacy toward successfully reducing depressive symptoms. Methods: We investigated the impact of antidepressants on memory using an emotional mnemonic discrimination task, where we previously reported a negativity bias in depression selective to mnemonic discrimination. Results: We found that individuals who reported a greater improvement in their depressive symptoms after taking antidepressants (responders) showed a reduction in the negativity bias and an enhancement in neutral mnemonic discrimination compared to those with no improvement (non-responders). Discussion: These effects were specific to mnemonic discrimination and not standard memorymeasures, suggesting that effective antidepressants can selectively enhance mnemonic discrimination and reduce the negativity bias observed in depression.
Editors' Introduction: Gender and Sexuality in the European Media: Exploring Different Contexts Through Conceptualisations of Age
Authors: De Vuyst Sara , Scarcelli Cosimo Marco , Chronaki Despina , Baselga Sergio Villanueva
Published: September 2022

Media are a key site for the construction, negotiation and opposition of gender, sexual identities and performances at a social and cultural level. This chapter focuses on diverse expressions of sexuality in media reception, production and representation. It explores, on the one hand, aspects of the changing social and sexual landscape; and on the other hand, how media construct gender and age through censorious or polarised perspectives. In order to explore gender, sexuality and age as social and cultural constructions, we draw on the concept of intersectionality that identifies a mode of analysis integral to feminist, gender and sexuality studies based on the idea that ethnicity, class, gender, sexuality, age and other identity markers are mutually constitutive. In addition to geographical diversity, we have strived for diversity among the authors in terms of age and academic positions. The chapter also presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in this book.
Anonymous Cross-Party Conversations Can Decrease Political Polarization: A Field Experiment on a Mobile Chat Platform
Authors: Combs Aidan , Tierney Graham , Guay Brian , Merhout Friedolin , Bail Christopher A. , Hillygus D. Sunshine , Volfovsky Alexander
Published: September 2022

There is widespread concern that social media is driving political polarization. However, there is also increasing evidence that conversation between people with opposing political views— which social media can enable—may decrease animus between them. Do anonymous online conversations between people of different parties exacerbate or mitigate partisan polarization? We created a mobile chat platform to study the impact of such discussions. Our study recruited Republicans and Democrats in the United States to complete a survey about their political views. We later randomized them into treatment conditions where they were offered financial incentives to use our platform to discuss a contentious policy issue with an opposing partisan. We find that people who engage in anonymous cross-party conversations about political topics exhibit substantial decreases in polarization compared to a placebo group that was asked to write an essay using the same conversation prompts. These depolarizing effects were particularly strong among Republicans and correlated with the civility of dialogue between study participants. Our findings demonstrate the potential for well-designed social media platforms to mitigate political polarization and underscore the need for a flexible platform for scientific research on social media.
Impacto do Isolamento Social na Saúde Mental de Trabalhadores num Instituto de Oncologia durante a Pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Leite Carlos , Morais Cristiana , Calisto Rita , Rocha Diana , Vasques Ana , Lagoa Marta , Pires Lisa , Morais Manuel , Costa Rui , Rocha Luús , Bento João
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on the mental health of workers, in particular healthcare professionals. The social isolation used as a mitigation measure against infection contributed to a reduction in sleep quality, and an increase in depressive symptoms, anxiety, and burnout. Objectives The aims of this study are to assess the impact of isolation and quarantine on the mental health and sleep quality of healthcare professionals in a Portuguese Oncology Institute. Material and Methods An online form was distributed to all healthcare professionals who were in isolation or quarantine during the year 2020 in the IPO-Porto, consisting of three instruments- sociodemographic survey, Mental Health Inventory (MHI) and Basic Insomnia and Sleep Quality Scale (BaSIQS). Data were collected in two moments, from July 25 to December 25, 2020, and in December 2021. Results A total of 359 healthcare professionals were identified (151 by isolation and 208 by quarantine). In the 2020 analysis, 115 responses were obtained (54 by isolation and 61 by quarantine), resulting in a response rate of 32.0%. In the 2021 analysis, 76 responses were obtained with a response rate of 21.1%. Regarding the healthcare professionals in our study, the dimensions that make up the psychological stress of the MHI, show an improvement after the first year of the pandemic, as well as an improvement in the mean total MHI value from 2020 to 2021. Sleep quality (assessed by the BaSIQS) is in the poor-to-intermediate category in the 2020 assessment. Although the 2021 assessment shows a slightly better mean, there is no statistically significant difference between the two. In this sample of health professionals, mental health and sleep quality correlated for the instruments used. Discussion and conclusions Insomnia and sleep quality are a modifiable factor of mental health, with an impact on the quality of life and productivity of healthcare professionals. Social isolation as a disruptor of sleep, daily routine and healthy interaction in work teams may be a factor that aggravates psychological distress. The investment in mental health promotion programs, as well as the coordination of multidisciplinary teams composed of Psychology, Medicine and Occupational Nursing are essential in the monitoring and surveillance of these workers’ health. KEY WORDS: Mental Health, Healthcare Professionals, Occupational Psychology, COVID-19, Occupational Medicine, Occupational Health.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA BIG BOOK PADA TEMA PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN MAKHLUK HIDUP SUBTEMA 1 UNTUK SISWA KELAS III SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Harzuliana Nur Three , Hermita Neni , Alim Jesi Alexander
Published: September 2022

This study aims to develop a big book learning media on the theme of growth and development of living things sub-theme 1 which is valid and practical for third grade elementary school students. This research is research and development, and the researcher applies the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The learning media developed was validated by 2 media experts. To test the practicality, the researcher distributed questionnaires to teachers and students. The data in this study were obtained through interviews, questionnaires, and student learning outcomes in the form of LKPD. The data obtained were then analyzed quantitatively and descriptively. The learning media developed was very valid with an average score of 87.03% and included in the very practical category with an average score of 93.05% from teachers and 90.55% from students. Student learning outcomes in the form of LKPD with an average score of 83.33%. Therefore, the big book learning media with the theme of growth and development of living things in sub-theme 1 can be used by elementary school students and teachers.
PENGARUH SIKAP DAN MOTIVASI SISWA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Anzar Zuari , Retnawati Heri
Published: September 2022

Students' attitudes are less positive towards mathematics and students' motivation to learn is also still lacking in learning mathematics. This study aims to determine the influence of students' attitudes and motivation together on the results of mathematics learning for class VIII of SMP in Baubau. This research is an ex post facto study with the population is all students of class VIII in one of SMP in Baubau which consists of 10 parallel classes with 304 students. Based on this population a sample of 47% or 142 people ware taken. 142 samples were taken from 10 classes. Thus, each class is taken at random as much as 47% of the total number of students in each class with a proportional random sampling technique. Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis of students' attitudes towards mathematics (X1) and students' motivation in mathematics (X2) together with students' mathematics learning outcomes (Y) it was found that the average score of students' mathematics learning outcomes (Y) will experience changes of 0.689 for each unit of change that occurs in students' attitude scores in mathematics (X1) and is also expected to experience a change of value of 0.190 for each unit that occurs in students' motivation test scores (X2). It was concluded that the attitudes and motivation of students in mathematics had a significant positive effect on mathematics learning outcomes of students in one of SMP in Baubau.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI KERJA, DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SD MUHAMMADIYAH UNGGULAN DI KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG
Authors: Rochiyanti Ana
Published: September 2022

This study aims to find out how the leadership of the principal, how is work motivation, how is organizational commitment, is there an influence between leadership and teacher performance, is there an influence between work motivation and teacher performance, is there an effect between organizational commitment and teacher performance, and is there a joint influence between leadership, work motivation, and organizational commitment on the performance of SD Muhammadiyah Unggulan teachers in Temanggung Regency. This research is a quantitative research with data collection techniques through questionnaires. Validity test using normality test and linearity test.The results showed: 1) the principal's leadership was in good criteria, namely 67.5%, 2) work motivation was in the good category at 52.5%, 3) organizational commitment in the good category was 52.5%, 4) teacher performance in good category by 50%, 5) there is a positive and significant influence between leadership and teacher performance of 7.93%, 6) there is a positive and significant influence between work motivation and teacher performance of 47.0%, 7) there is a positive and significant influence between organizational commitment and teacher performance of 6 ,09%, 8) there is a positive and significant influence between leadership, work motivation, organizational commitment to teacher performance of 65.3%.
Effect of irrigation during the dry season on leaf yield of Trichanthera gigantea
Authors:   Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Tran Thi Hoan , Tu Trung Kien ,   Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry
Published: September 2022

The experiment was conducted at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry from 2019 to 2020 to determine the effect of irrigation on the leaf yield of Trichanthera gigantea green fodder in the dry season. The experiment consisted of 4 independent variables (NT1, NT2, NT3, NT4), corresponding to 4 different irrigation levels (0, 40, 80,and 120 m3/ha/harvest) and designed in a completely randomised block with 5 replicates. Plantation density, fertilizer application, and other factors were similar among the four variables. The results showed that the dry matter and crude protein yields of leaves of the irrigated experiments were higher than that of the control (without watering). The dry matter yields of leaves in NT1 to NT4 were 2.410, 2.934, 3.292, and 3.594 tons/ha/dry season, respectively. If the yield of NT1 was considered as 100% then that of NT2, NT3, and NT4 was 121.7, 136.6, and 149.1%, respectively. The protein yields of NT1 to NT4 grew up from 0.618 tons (100%) to 0.922 tons/ha/dry season (149.2%). Dry matter and crude protein yields of NT2, NT3, and NT4 were significantly different from NT1; that of NT4 was significantly different compared to that of NT2 and NT3. Research results have shown that irrigation in the dry season has a significant effect on leaf yield of Trichanthera gigantea green fodder and should be irrigated at 120 m3/ha/harvest.
The Analysis of Indo- British -US Relations During the Period 2009-2019
Authors: Gayantha M. R. K.
Published: September 2022

India is a major power in the Asian continent and hegemonic power in the south Asian region. India is a Strong member of International organizations such as SAARC, Commonwealth organization, the shanghai cooperation and BRICS. Manmohan Sing was the 13th prime minister of India. his second term was from 2019 may 22 to 2014 may 26. He is member of the Indian congress party. The leader of congress party was Sonia Gandhi. Narendra Modi was 14th prime minister of India. His first term was from 2014 may 26 to 2019 may 30. Britain and USA are India most friendly nations. This research seeks to comparatively analyze Indo-British- USA relations during 2nd term of Singh prime minister and the 1st term of Modi prime minister. The author evaluates to research objectives. The researcher will conduct research based on dual research objectives. First, studying of foreign policy of PM Singh & Modi. Second, studying of Indo-British-USA relations during the second term of PM Singh & first term of PM Modi. The author evaluates to broad research questions. First, What are the o foreign policies of PM Singh & Modi? . Second, What are the Indo-British-USA relations during the second term of PM Singh & first term of PM Modi? This research is study based an qualitative data. The researcher used to the secondary data for this research. This study utilized the secondary data from libraries and internet. The researcher used Neo classical realism theory for this research. Studies the country foreign policy and decision making process using Neo classical realism Theory. Recent research on India foreign policy has been minimal. This research is important for those studying Indian political and foreign policy.
Plasma Transferred Wire Arc Spraying of Novel Wire Feedstock onto Cylinder Bore Walls of ALSI Engine Blocks
Authors: Schlaefer T. , Bobzin K. , Ernst F. , Richardt K. , Verpoort C. , Schreiber F. , Schwenk A. , Flores G.
Published: September 2022

Hypoeutectic AlSi engine blocks of modern passenger cars are generally equipped with cast iron liners in order to provide cylinder running surfaces that meet the tribological requirements. A very promising alternative to the use of cylinder liners lies within the application of thermally sprayed coatings onto the walls of cylinder bores as friction partners for the piston rings. This work describes the development of a novel iron based wire feedstock as well as its application by the Plasma Transferred Wire Arc internal diameter coating system. The material developed within the frame of this work leads to partially amorphous coatings with embedded nanoscale precipitations if processed by thermal spraying. The coatings were applied onto the inner diameters of test liners made of Aluminium EN AW 6060 and onto cylinder bore walls of in-line 4 cylinder engines. All substrates were mechanically roughened in order to obtain high bond strengths of the sprayed coatings. The coatings microstructure was analysed by light optical microscopy, hardness measuring by transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore the oil storage capacities of the honed surfaces were determined.
Development of Near Net Shape Coatings for Wear and Corrosion Protection
Authors: Bause T. , Bach F.-W. , Möhwald K. , Erne M.
Published: September 2022

In this work several powder materials typically used for wear and corrosion protection (WCCoCr, Cr3C2 NiCr, Cr2O3) were considered for developing near net shape coatings. In contrast to grain sizes commonly used in thermal spray processes the grain sizes of all examined powders were specified with maximum 25 µm (-15+5 µm, -20+5 µm, -25+5 µm). During the coating experiments the HVOF process was used to apply carbide based powder materials (WCCoCr, Cr3C2 NiCr) whereas the APS process was used to deposit Cr2O3 coatings. Taguchi techniques were utilized in order to reduce the number of experiments and to evaluate and to adjust main process variables. The effectiveness of these techniques could be verified by spraying validation samples successfully. The coatings were examined in terms of deposition efficiency, surface roughness, hardness, porosity, wear and corrosion resistance. The results showed that improvements in terms of porosity, surface roughness and corrosion resistance could be reached by introducing fine powder materials in the spray process. Reducing the influence of effects like decarburization or oxidation caused by the overheating of small spray particles should be considered in future work.
Erosion, Abrasive and Friction Wear Behaviour of Iron Aluminide Coatings Sprayed by HVOF
Authors: Guilemany J.M. , Cinca N. , Fernández J. , Sampath S.
Published: September 2022

Iron aluminides have been lately proposed as promising materials for wear applications. Many authors have focused their investigations on the friction behaviour of FeAl coatings emphasizing the role of this intermetallic as a new matrix to embed ceramic particles and replace for high temperature the extensively studied WC-Co cermet system. However, few works deal with the evaluation of the different tribological properties and their relationship with the coating microstructure. Thus, in the present study, the near stoichometric Fe40Al was successfully sprayed by means of HVOF using different spraying parameters and the tribological behaviour was assessed through solid particle erosion, abrasive and dry sliding tests. The wear mechanisms that took place in the produced coatings are discussed with regard to the obtained results. The friction coefficient versus sliding distance was obtained. In addition, isothermally treated samples in air were tested showing both lower friction coefficient and lower wear rate.
Operational Characteristics of Locally Fluidized Powder Feeders
Authors: Spaulding M.
Published: September 2022

Locally Fluidized Thermal Spray Powder Feeders have been commercially available for the past 25 years and have fundamentally different operating characteristics than the classic Volumetric Powder Feeder. This paper explores the design principles and factors effecting the operation and performance of this technology. The discussion will include the challenges faced in accurately and safely metering powder into high backpressure spray torches.
New Atomization Process to Achieve High Production Rates During Thermal Spraying of Thick Coatings
Authors: Uhlenwinkel V. , Achelis L. , Mädler L.
Published: September 2022

Because of their characteristic spray geometry, pressure-gas-atomizers can be used to create thick coatings from molten metal. Production rates of pressure-gas-atomizers are substantially higher compared to conventional Thermal Spraying (100 – 200 kg/h based on molten tin). The shape of the spray cone can be designed by the geometry of the atomizer. The mean particle sizes and velocities (molten tin and tin-copper alloys) are controlled by the gas flow. Powder products and coatings of several millimeters on steel substrates were investigated. The average density of the layer was higher than 99%.
Development of WC-Co Coatings Deposited by Warm Spray Process
Authors: Chivavibul P. , Watanabe M. , Kuroda S. , Kawakita J. , Komatsu M. , Sato K. , Kitamura J.
Published: September 2022

The high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) process is commonly used to deposit WC-Co coatings. There are some problems with this process, especially the decomposition and decarburization of WC during the spraying. To eliminate these degradation, the warm-spray (WS) process originally developed by our group, which provides a possibility to control the flame temperature and the fabrication of WC-Co coatings can be made at lower temperature ranges that those of HVOF process, was applied to deposit WC-Co coatings. Microstructural characterization and phase analysis were carried out on deposited coatings by SEM and XRD. The mechanical properties such as hardness, fracture toughness, and wear properties were investigated. The results showed that WS coatings did not contain any detrimental phase such as W2C and W, which are usually observed in HVOF coatings. The hardness of WS coatings were lower than those of HVOF coatings, however, the relation of hardness-Co content of WS coatings showed the similar trend as that of the sintered WC-Co. The improvement of wear behavior was also observed in WS coatings.
Coanda-Assisted Spray Manipulation Flame Spray Demonstration
Authors: Smith B.L. , Allen D.
Published: September 2022

This paper will outline the results of a study underway at Utah State University aimed at developing technology to alter the direction and profile of thermal spray flows using the Coanda effect. Coanda-assisted Spray Manipulation (CSM) makes use of an enhanced Coanda effect on axisymmetric geometries through the interaction of a high volume primary jet flowing through the center of a collar and a secondary high-momentum jet parallel to the first and adjacent to the convex collar. The control jet attaches to the convex wall and vectors according to Coanda effect principles, entraining and vectoring the primary jet, resulting in controllable r - θ directional spraying. The basic turning effect was investigated in a fundamental experimental study. The results of the fundamental study were applied to the design of an add-on CSM attached to a Metco 2P powder flame spray gun.
Current Situation and Development Tendency of Thermal Spraying Materials in China
Authors: Yu Y.
Published: September 2022

The current situations of thermal spraying materials in China are described in this paper. The thermal spraying technology in China has a great progress over tens of years. More than one hundred varieties of material products are serving in thermal spraying industry now, which are grouped into three kinds: powders, wires and rods. And technologies for producing alloy or ceramic or composite powders, alloy or cored wires, and oxide ceramic rods are applied to large-scale production. Many research and development works on advanced materials for thermal spraying are carrying out in recent years. They show that the general tendencies of thermal spraying materials in China are composite or low-impurity component, ultrafine or nanosized microstructure, high properties, as well as specialized and systematized applications. Thermal spraying materials have great prospects in China.
Insulating and Sealing of SOFC Devices by Plasma Sprayed Ceramic Layers
Authors: Arnold J. , Ansar S.A. , Maier U. , Henne R.
Published: September 2022

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are one of the options as auxiliary power units (APU) in transportation, e.g. in vehicles or in aircraft. In particular, metal supported SOFCs consisting of metallic frames and substrates coated with plasma sprayed functional layers have shown an excellent stability concerning redox cycling. In order to provide sufficient power, these single cells have to be assembled to stacks. To prevent short-circuiting the frame of each cell has to be electrically insulated from the neighbouring one. For that purpose a ceramic coating is applied on each metal frame by thermal spraying before it is brazed to other stack components. Such layers should at one hand show good wetting and adhesion to the silver based brazing materials. On the other hand it should maintain sufficient electrical resistance even at the fuel cell operating temperature. As the applied solder, which connects the cells and seals the gas manifold simultaneously, is an excellent electrical conductor, it is mandatory to prevent the brazing material from penetrating into the deposit. In this paper a description of the design and experiences with these plasma sprayed insulating layers is given.
APS-Triplex and LPPS-Thin Film as Advanced Plasma Spraying Technologies for Industrialization of SOFC Components
Authors: Gindrat M. , Refke A. , Damani R.
Published: September 2022

Reliable and economically efficient processes are necessary for the production of high quality coatings for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) applications in an industrial scale. In that perspective, Sulzer Metco developed several coating solutions through different processes adapted for each specific applications, in particular on metal supported cells (MSC). Diffusion barrier layers (DBL) using perovskite material, such as Lanthanum Strontium Manganite (LSM), is produced “state-of-the-art” as coating service by Sulzer Metco on metallic interconnects (IC) using the Triplex technology. The newly developed TriplexPro-200 having a long lifetime performance and specific features, like cascaded arc and 3-cathode torch, is the best candidate for producing high quality and reliable coatings in a mass production of SOFC functional layers. LPPS-Thin Film, on the other hand is the technology of choice to deposit very dense, thin and homogeneous layers on various substrates. Yttria stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) layers of 20-40 µm thickness have been deposited on thin metallic substrates (0.7 mm, 140 cm2) without producing any strong deformation of the substrate. Considering the dimension of the metallic substrate the coated cells present very good gas leak tightness performances between 2 and 8 Pa·m/s which is homogeneous on the substrate area. Moreover, LPPS-TF can also be used to produce very dense and thin LSM coatings on interconnects. In this case, LPPS-TF not only produces denser and thinner coatings but also becomes again competitive when considering the manufacturing of DBL for metallic ICs on a high production scale. This paper presents the current developments of these technologies in the domain of SOFC applications.
High Performance Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) Made by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS)
Authors: Vaßen R. , Hospach A. , Hathiramani D. , Mertens J. , Haanappel V. , Vinke I.C. , Stöver D.
Published: September 2022

The potential of atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) technology has been investigated for the manufacture of anode, electrolyte and cathode of a solid oxide fuel cell. As substrates tape-casted or commercial available porous plates both made of a FeCr-alloy were used. The functional layers were applied by atmospheric plasma spraying, however, it turned out that screen printed LSCF cathodes performed better than thermally sprayed versions. Anode layers with high electrochemical activity could be produced by APS using separate injections of NiO and YSZ powders. The manufacturing of gas-tight electrolyte layers was a key-issue of the present development. With adequate processing conditions and advanced gun technology it was possible to produce highly dense ceramic coatings with a very low amount of micro-cracks and pores. These electrolytes gave high open cell voltages above 1 V corresponding to the low measured leakage rates (<10-3 mbar*l/s) of the rather thin (<50 µm) coatings. Additional layers have been applied to reduce the interdiffusion especially of species from the metallic substrates into the anode. These layers could significantly reduce degradation of the cells. SOFCs with a power density at 800°C well above 0.7 W/cm² could be produced by the developed technology.
An Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Approach to Digitalize Expert's Knowledge and Experience for Obtaining High Quality Wear Protective Al2O3 by APS
Authors: Hirose S. , Kitahara S. , Sonoya K. , Ohmori A. , Mori K.
Published: September 2022

The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been widely used as one of decision-making method in economic, social, political and technological field, and for evaluating relative strength of preference quantitatively in decision making process. We think that AHP approach would be useful for analyzing and digitalizing expert’s skills, and for transferring to non-skilled people. In this presentation, we show the AHP approach to analyze a decision to select thermal spraying parameters for achieving high quality wear resistive Al2O3 film by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). From the result of this study, the process of expert’s subjective thinking could be clear and understood for other person.