bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contractual Business Networks: The Case of Syndicated Loans
Authors: Estevan de Quesada Carmen , Renner Moritz
Published: October 2018

There is a growing debate in law, economics and sociology about contractual business networks as a hybrid form of cooperation that combines governance elements from market and firm. Most treatments of the subject focus on the structures of supply and distribution networks and their consequences on liability and contractual interpretation. This article confronts network theory with the case of cross-border syndicated loans. Syndicated loans are a highly important instrument of corporate finance, and they merge contractual and corporate cooperation in a particularly sophisticated manner. Theories of network contracts can thus be helpful to address the legal issues of syndicated loans in different fields of law, ranging from conflict of laws to antitrust law. In turn, the analysis of syndicated loans as an example of horizontal business networks can help generate insights for the general discussion of networks in private law.
Contracts on Human Biological Samples: the European Prohibition of Financial Gain from the Human Body and its Parts
Authors: Santamaría Enrique
Published: October 2018

Several European law documents (including the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union) lay down a general prohibition on making the human body and its parts, as such, a source of financial gain. Scholars have identified three reasons for this prohibition: human dignity, equality, and solidarity. This paper aims at exploring to what extent non-gratuitous contracts on human biological samples can be validly concluded for purposes of research and commercial applications of the research results. In particular, the present paper will firstly, analyse the role of the three aforementioned reasons – dignity, equality, and solidarity – in the assessment of the validity of non-gratuitous contracts on human biological samples for the purposes of research and possible commercial uses thereof. Secondly, this paper will outline some possible advantages of excluding this kind of contracts from the scope of application of the prohibition of financial gain.
Solvent Retention in Electrospun Fibers Affects Scaffold Mechanical Properties
Authors: D’Amato Anthony R. , Bramson Michael T. K. , Corr David T. , Puhl Devan L. , Gilbert Ryan J. , Johnson Jed
Published: October 2018

Electrospinning is a robust material fabrication method allowing for fine control of mechanical, chemical, and functional properties in scaffold manufacturing. Electrospun fiber scaffolds have gained prominence for their potential in a variety of applications such as tissue engineering and textile manufacturing, yet none have assessed the impact of solvent retention in fibers on the scaffold’s mechanical properties. In this study, we hypothesized that retained electrospinning solvent acts as a plasticizer, and gradual solvent evaporation, by storing fibers in ambient air, will cause significant increases in electrospun fiber scaffold brittleness and stiffness, and a significant decrease in scaffold toughness. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated solvent retention in PGA, PLCL, and PET fibers, and not in PU and PCL fibers. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that polymers that were electrospun below their glass transition temperature (Tg) retained solvent and polymers electrospun above Tg did not. Young’s moduli increased and yield strain decreased for solventretaining PGA, PLCL, and PET fiber scaffolds as solvent evaporated from the scaffolds over a period of 14 days. Toughness and failure strain decreased for PGA and PET scaffolds as solvent evaporated. No significant differences were observed in the mechanical properties of PU and PCL scaffolds that did not retain solvent. These observations highlight the need to consider solvent retention following electrospinning and its potential effects on scaffold mechanical properties.
Magnetic particle imaging in vascular medicine
Authors: Bakenecker Anna C. , Ahlborg Mandy , Debbeler Christina , Kaethner Christian , Buzug Thorsten M. , Lüdtke-Buzug Kerstin
Published: October 2018

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a new medical imaging technique that enables three-dimensional real-time imaging of a magnetic tracer material. Although it is not yet in clinical use, it is highly promising, especially for vascular and interventional imaging. The advantages of MPI are that no ionizing radiation is necessary, its high sensitivity enables the detection of very small amounts of the tracer material, and its high temporal resolution enables real-time imaging, which makes MPI suitable as an interventional imaging technique. As MPI is a tracer-based imaging technique, functional imaging is possible by attaching specific molecules to the tracer material. In the first part of this article, the basic principle of MPI will be explained and a short overview of the principles of the generation and spatial encoding of the tracer signal will be given. After this, the used tracer materials as well as their behavior in MPI will be introduced. A subsequent presentation of selected scanner topologies will show the current state of research and the limitations researchers are facing on the way from preclinical toward human-sized scanners. Furthermore, it will be briefly shown how to reconstruct an image from the tracer materials’ signal. In the last part, a variety of possible future clinical applications will be presented with an emphasis on vascular imaging, such as the use of MPI during cardiovascular interventions by visualizing the instruments. Investigations will be discussed, which show the feasibility to quantify the degree of stenosis and diagnose strokes and traumatic brain injuries as well as cerebral or gastrointestinal bleeding with MPI. As MPI is not only suitable for vascular medicine but also offers a broad range of other possible applications, a selection of those will be briefly presented at the end of the article.
Coupling photoredox and biomimetic catalysis for the visible-light-driven oxygenation of organic compounds
Authors: Mühldorf Bernd , Lennert Ulrich , Wolf Robert
Published: October 2018

Recent advances in the development of coupled photoredox systems for the oxygenation of organic compounds are reviewed.
Risk Taking with Variable Resources: a Field and a Laboratory Experiment
Authors: Faragó Klára , Uatkán Ajna
Published: October 2018

Background: Theoretical predictions and experimental findings concerning the relationship between risk taking and accumulated resources are contradictory. In contrast to laboratory experiments, studies conducted in an ecologically valid environment allow for the evaluation of available resources and the motivational impact of potentially serious consequences for risk taking. Objective: Our aim was to (i) examine the influence of available resources on risk taking in an ecologically valid field experiment; and (ii) to compare “real life” and laboratory experiments assessing risk taking. Method: To reproduce real decisions involving real stakes, the students were asked to choose between exam questions representing different levels of difficulty. Available resources of the students were defined as the amount of points accumulated during the semester. In parallel, the laboratory experiments were conducted to assess risk taking in a laboratory setting. Results: The two experimental setups yielded different results. In the field experiment, risk taking decreased with the available resources, whereas the laboratory experiments suggested an inverse tendency. The influence of contextual effects was only prominent in the field experiment.Conclusion: The results of the field experiment support the variable risk preference model, whereas the risk-sensitivity theory could only be validated in the laboratory setting.
L’apprentissage de la programmation : Par quoi commencer et dans quel ordre?
Authors: Giroux Patrick , Boivin Maxime , Porta Scarta Vincent
Published: October 2018

Les technologies occupent une part de plus en plus importante dans nos vies et la programmation est une compétence qui gagne en importance. De nombreux enseignants du préscolaire, du primaire et du secondaire intègrent des activités d’apprentissage de la programmation dans leurs activités en lien, notamment, avec les mathématiques. Ce texte a comme objectif d’aider les enseignants à planifier des activités de formation à la programmation en définissant les principaux concepts à maitriser pour apprendre à programmer, en suggérant un ordre fondé sur l’expérience et en donnant des exemples de stratégies ou d’activités pour initier les jeunes à la programmation.
“Once a typist always a typist”
Authors: Baker Jeannine
Published: October 2018

This article discusses the Australian Women's Broadcasting Co-operative (AWBC), formed by women working at the Australian Broadcasting Commission in response to the United Nations' declaration that 1975 would be International Women's Year. It examines the AWBC's attempts to challenge entrenched structural inequalities and sexual discrimination, improve opportunities for women in the organization, and change dominant representations of women's lives in the media. It analyzes the significance of the AWBC's key interventions, including the production of a national weekly radio show for women, The Coming Out Show; the provision of production training for women; pushing for a formal inquiry into the status of women; lobbying for staff childcare facilities; and representing women employees in industrial relations matters. The article concludes with a discussion of the long-term impact of the AWBC and the Coming Out Show, which, despite its genesis as a “bold experiment,” endured for twenty-three years.
Engineering Difference
Authors: Sandon Emma
Published: October 2018

The experiences of women engineers working in the BBC Television Service at Alexandra Palace, London, during the 1940s and 1950s, give insights into gender discrimination in broadcasting. These women first joined as radio engineers when the BBC was recruiting women during World War II, then transferred to television between 1946 and 1947. In interviews recorded in the 1990s, they talk about incidents of bullying and exclusion by men on crews who were hostile to women doing engineering jobs. Other memories are about being demoted from positions on camera and sound to vision mixing when the BBC Staff Association negotiated new grading for cameramen with BBC management at the expense of its female members. As the Television Service became established, women were eased out of skilled and responsible jobs when men returning from the war regained their positions in broadcast engineering.
The Development of Labor under Contemporary Capitalism
Authors: Agarwala Rina
Published: October 2018

This paper offers a revised theoretical model to understand the historical development of labor under capitalism. Drawing on Antonio Gramsci, Karl Polanyi, and Nancy Fraser, the revised model highlights how state politics and ideologies have reshaped formal and informal labor to fuel evolving accumulation models since the 1950s. It also deepens our analysis of the potential and limits of labor's contemporary countermovements. Potential advances must be read in terms of increased protection and increased recognition relative to earlier eras. Limits must be read relative to the hegemonic forces splintering workers’ countermovements. Applying the revised model to the empirical case of Indian informal workers in various sectors, I illustrate how the Indian state used informal workers as a political actor (not just an economic actor) to organize consent for a powerful new hegemonic project of market reforms (of the Gramscian variety) that undid labor's twentieth-century gains and empowered large businesses, but retained democratic legitimacy with the mass labor force. I also expose and evaluate two kinds of countermovements emerging from below by Indian workers: self-protection movements (of the Polanyian variety) and emancipatory/recognition movements (of the Fraserian variety). India's recent hegemonic project enabled informal workers to counteract the dehumanizing effects of labor commodification by offering an alternative labor protection model. This model has the potential to redefine the working class (and its protection) to include multiple employment relationships for the first time. It also promises to recognize the social relations between multiple categories of vulnerable populations, reminding us that caste, gender, and class are mutually constitutive (rather than mutually exclusive). But this model is highly constrained by contemporary hegemonic forces, highlighting the complex relationship of society to state—one of contestation and, for the sake of survival, collaboration.
What is Really Happening with Global Inequality?
Authors: Alderson Arthur S. , Pandian Roshan K.
Published: October 2018

We use the latest available data from the World Income Inequality Database 3.4 and the Penn World Tables 9.0 to examine some of the core issues and concerns that have animated research on global inequality. We begin by reviewing the evidence on trends in within-country inequality, drawing out some of the implications of this for our thinking about inequality and economic development. We examine between-country inequality, computing updated estimates of trends in both unweighted and population-weighted between-country inequality. The data reveal that inequality between countries increased across the latter half of the twentieth century, then turned to decline measurably thereafter. We show that this decline is robust to a range of methodological and measurement decisions identified as important in previous research. We then examine estimates of true global inequality, situating these in relation to lower- and upper-bound estimates of global inequality. We conclude by noting the critical and contested role of globalization in inequality reduction.
Development and Gender-Linked Economic Inequality in the Era of Globalization
Authors: Semyonov Moshe
Published: October 2018

This paper focuses on the relations between development and gender disparities in labor market outcomes in the era of globalization. Within a cross-national comparative framework, the article examines the relations between development and globalization and three aspects of gender-linked disparities (women's labor force participation, gender occupational differentiation, and gender pay gap) at two time points: 1990 and 2015. The data reveal patterns in the relationship between development, globalization, and each dimension of gender inequality. First, development but not globalization tends to increase women's labor force participation. Second, development is likely to reduce gender occupational segregation. But the effect is indirect; it is transmitted via the increased number of economically active women. Third, less gender occupational segregation does not necessarily mean greater occupational equality; high female labor force participation is likely to reduce women's likelihood of employment in high-status professional and managerial occupations. Fourth, gender occupational inequality appears to be one of the sources of a country's gender pay gap; the pay disparity between men and women tends to be greater in countries where gender occupational inequality is high. A model that summarizes the complex relations among development, globalization, and the various dimensions of gender-linked economic activity and inequality is proposed and discussed.
Cultivating Empathy and Community for Adults with Disabilities: Germany’s “Die Lebensgemeinschaft e. V.” of Sassen and Richthof
Authors: Gedigk Nicolas
Published: October 2018

Sassen, a German rural community, cares for mentally disabled adults with the purpose of providing them with the empathy, freedom, and community that other institutions often fail to provide. Through participant-observation and interviews, this study examines the ways in which this isolated community does not deny disabled individuals of their humanity. Sassen has full-time, live-in caretakers that care for their own surrogate family of disabled residents, creating an empathetic, and personal community. Through its isolation from society and its live-in staff, Sassen goes beyond ensuring their residents’ survival and provides them with the freedom and empathy to engage in romantic relationships, belong to a family, and have a sense of purpose through their jobs that help sustain their community – to live and not just survive.
“Of Course, I am a Human Being, Too”: Nationalism and Contact in the Republic of Turkey and State of Israel
Authors: Nicholson Jr. C. Phifer
Published: October 2018

This article analyzes the secular and religious nationalisms in the Republic of Turkey and State of Israel as experienced by ethnic and religious minorities in both locales. This ethnographic work focuses on the embodied experiences of individuals in their religious, political, and social entirety, seeking to delve into their lives as an oft-neglected or feared group, and explore their contact (or lack thereof) with members of the majority culture. Semi-structured interviews revealed historical and present-day structures created and maintained through avenues such as media, education, literature, language, and politics that seek to define and separate groups that do not fit the prevailing nationalistic narratives. This is exacerbated by negative contact that is generally oriented around political disagreement and conflict. However, in some cases, positive intergroup contact served to facilitate fundamental changes. Therefore, despite its limitations, contact has the potential to not only reduce prejudice, but also inspire lives of political and humanistic engagement that can undermine the “single stories” stigmatization propagates.
Acute Awareness of the Self and Interaction: Responsive Embodiment among Dancers and Sociologists
Authors: Farley Shimota Andrea
Published: October 2018

My experience and observation of the physical manifestations of insecurities as a dancer and sociologist led me to develop questions surrounding kinesthetic intelligence, critical cerebral processing, the concept of a “self,” and feelings of embodiment. I became interested in how these reconcile under structures that promote external validation, alienation, and logical thought. This article describes a research-creation project that I began by choreographing a dance with six conservatory students researching themes of alienation, socialization, and scripted behavior. These dancers were individually interviewed about the creation process as well as their experience of dancing. I also conducted a contact improvisation event and group interview with the six dancers and three sociology students. An analysis of the results revealed that they felt a pervasive sense of monotony and disenchantment occurring with routine behavior and interaction in everyday life. They were able to disrupt this disenchantment by working to generate a sense of their own embodiment. Specifically, this entailed attending to concrete details, personal responsiveness, and acknowledging their own impulses toward and away from others. This allowed them to connect to a “self” and to others. In addition, novel physical interactions helped facilitate an understanding of where attention lies, amplified social connection, and combated alienation and disenchantment.
Serum vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents is associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Liu Changwei , Wang Jingwen , Wan Yuanyuan , Xia Xiaona , Pan Jian , Gu Wei , Li Mei
Published: October 2018

Background

To investigate the relationship 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) level among children and in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods

A case–control study was conducted to compare the serum 25OHD levels between cases and controls. This study recruited 296 T1DM children (106 newly diagnosed T1DM patients and 190 established T1DM patients), and 295 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects as controls.

Results

The mean serum 25OHD in T1DM children was 48.69 ± 15.26 nmol/L and in the controls was 57.93 ± 19.03 nmol/L. The mean serum 25OHD in T1DM children was lower than that of controls (P < 0.01). The mean serum 25OHD level (50.42 ± 14.74 nmol/L) in the newly diagnosed T1DM children was higher than that (47.70 ± 15.50 nmol/L) in the established T1DM children but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.16). HbA1c values were associated with 25OHD levels in established T1DM children (r = 0.264, P < 0.01), and there was no association between 25OHD and HbA1c in newly diagnosed T1DM children (r = 0.164; P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Vitamin D deficiency is common in T1DM children, and it should be worthy of attention on the lack of vitamin D in established T1DM children.
Validez de una escala de resiliencia (RESI-M) en mujeres indígenas de México
Authors: Sanjuan-Meza Xiomara Sarahí , Landeros-Olvera Erick Alberto , Cossío-Torres Patricia Elizabeth
Published: October 2018

Resumen: La resiliencia engloba una serie de capacidades y habilidades, las cuales son adquiridas como resultado de la interacción del individuo con su contexto, logrando superar sus propios límites de resistencia, a través de la generación de mecanismos, procesos de defensa y protección más eficientes que antes, ante la exposición a eventos adversos. La medición de la resiliencia se hace a través de la medición de la adversidad, adaptación exitosa y el proceso, lo que ha generado en la actualidad una variedad de herramientas. En la literatura no existe un instrumento que contemple la resiliencia desde una perspectiva cultural indígena y en mujeres, por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la validez y confiabilidad de las puntuaciones obtenidas con esta escala, al ser aplicada en mujeres indígenas. La muestra la integraron 180 participantes, pertenecientes a diversas localidades indígenas de México, a las cuales se les aplicó la Escala de Resiliencia Mexicana (RESI-M) de Palomar Lever & Gómez Valdez 2010. Se evaluó la consistencia interna mediante el coeficiente de fiabilidad alfa de Cronbach y se determinó la estructura interna de cada una de las dimensiones por medio de un análisis factorial de componentes principales con rotación Varimax. La edad media de las participantes fue de 33±9,4 años de edad. Tras los análisis de confiabilidad y validez estadística, se obtuvo una versión final del instrumento de 34 preguntas, de las 43 originales; con una confiabilidad aceptable de 0,942 (alfa de Cronbach) y con 6 factores que explican el 56,34% de la varianza total. La versión es válida y confiable, con una estructura que permite evaluar la resiliencia como un proceso en mujeres indígenas.
Nova validação semântico-cultural e estudo psicométrico da CASP-19 em adultos e idosos brasileiros
Authors: Neri Anita Liberalesso , Borim Flávia Silva Arbex , Batistoni Samila Sathler Tavares , Cachioni Meire , Rabelo Dóris Firmino , Fontes Arlete Portella , Yassuda Mônica Sanches
Published: October 2018

Os objetivos foram investigar indicadores psicométricos de validade de nova versão da CASP-19 para brasileiros com 55 anos e mais e estudar relações entre pontuações na escala e sexo, idade, escolaridade e status conjugal. Trezentos e sessenta e oito frequentadores de programas educacionais para a 3ª idade responderam à CASP-19 (controle, autonomia, autorrealização e prazer), traduzida e adaptada do inglês por cinco especialistas e testada em 19 mulheres (α = 0,730). Os dados foram submetidos a análises fatoriais exploratórias (AFE) e confirmatórias (AFC) pelo método de equações estruturais para variáveis latentes; de consistência interna e de correlação com instrumentos de conteúdo similar. Foram comparadas as pontuações dos grupos de sexo, idade, escolaridade e status conjugal. AFC produziram modelo com 19 itens e 2 fatores (autorrealização/prazer e controle/autonomia), com bons índices de ajustamento (GFI = 0,8; AGFI = 0,7606; CFI = 0,7241; NNFI = 0,6876; SRMR = 0.0902; RMSEA = 0,0928; IC90%: 0,0827-0,1031). Os α de Cronbach foram 0,837 para o fator 1 e 0,670 para o 2; 0,874 na escala total para os de 9 anos ou mais de escolaridade, 0,834 para os de 5 a 8 anos e 0,772 para os de 1 a 4 anos. Foram observadas correlações altas e significativas com os escores em escalas de satisfação e felicidade subjetiva. Homens tiveram pontuação mais alta em autorrealização/prazer do que mulheres; os mais velhos e os mais escolarizados, pontuação mais baixa em controle/autonomia; os sem cônjuge, mais alta em controle/autonomia. A nova versão da CASP-19 foi eficaz para avaliar a qualidade de vida percebida em indivíduos de 55 anos e mais, residentes nas regiões Sudeste, Sul e Nordeste do país.
Synopsis of the knowledge on the Brazilian aplacophorans (Mollusca: Caudofoveata & Solenogastres)
Authors: Passos Flávio Dias , Miranda Marcel Sabino , Corrêa Paulo Vinicius Ferraz
Published: October 2018

Abstract: Aplacophorans are well known as exclusively marine benthic molluscs with a vermiform body covered by aragonitic sclerites (also called spicules), whose species are widely distributed from the sublittoral down to the abyss. Currently, only nine species are known from Brazil (one Solenogastres and eight Caudofoveata), but these very few records are no longer a reflection of an existing low diversity. Sampling in deep waters has been conducted recently in oil-rich areas of the Brazilian coast, and the museum collections have now many aplacophoran lots. There is a need to learn about and/or install some microscopical facilities in Brazilian institutions, to form expertise for the investigations on these generally small animals. With studies on taxonomy, phylogeny, biogeography and ecology, important questions will be surely answered about the diversity, distribution, and the relationship among the deep-sea fauna from Brazil and from other places.
Nitrous oxide emission in response to N application in irrigated sugarcane
Authors: Lopes Alzeneide da S. , Andrade Júnior Aderson S. de , Bassoi Luís H. , Silva Josiane F. , Bastos Edson A. , Paulo Vitória de F.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare the emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) resulting from the application of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) doses in fertigated sugarcane, in comparison to emissions from conventional fertilizer application. The study was conducted in the experimental area of Embrapa Mid-North, Teresina, Piauí state, Brazil, from August 2014 to January 2015. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, analyzed in a (2 x 2) +1 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of the combination of two doses of N and K2O (60-120 and 120-180 kg ha-1, respectively) and two methods of application (in soil and fertigation), and a control. The use of fertigation reduced the emissions of N2O in sugarcane compared with the crop under conventional fertilization. Increase in N dose from 60 to 120 kg ha-1 applied through fertigation did not affect N2O emissions, while 60 and 120 kg ha-1 applied in the soil led to 40.6 and 50.2% increases in N2O emissions, respectively. The application of 60 and 120 kg ha-1 of N in the soil led to higher N2O emission factor, being 1.39 and 2.08% higher than in the crop fertigated with 60 and 120 kg ha-1 of N, respectively.
Growth and gas exchanges in soursop under irrigation with saline water and nitrogen sources
Authors: Silva Evandro M. da , Lima Geovani S. de , Gheyi Hans R. , Nobre Reginaldo G. , Sá Francisco V. da S. , Souza Leandro de P.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) fertilization has been tested for the mitigation of salt stress in some species including fruit crops. However, special attention should be paid to the source of N, due to the different compositions and saline indices of the fertilizers, particularly when irrigation is conducted using waters with salinity levels that are restrictive to agriculture. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of fertilization with N sources on the growth and gas exchanges of soursop irrigated with saline water after transplanting. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse at the Center of Technology and Natural Resources of the Federal University of Campina Grande, and treatments were arranged in randomized blocks, in 4 x 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to electrical conductivity of water - 0.5, 1.1, 2.5 and 3.5 dS m-1, and the N sources urea, ammonia sulfate, calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate, with three replicates. Growth and gas exchanges of soursop at 110 days after transplanting were not influenced by either the interaction between water salinity and N sources or the individual action of N, but were inhibited by the increase in water salinity from 0.5 dS m-1. Increasing water salinity inhibited stomatal opening and carboxylation in the leaves.
Growth-promoting potential of bacterial biomass in the banana micropropagated plants
Authors: Silva Christiana de F. B. da , Brito Thaís L. de , Taniguchi Carlos A. K. , Lopes Larissa A. , Pinto Gustavo A. S. , Carvalho Ana C. P. P. de
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT In the banana production system, a sustainable alternative for producing quality plantlets would be inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the growth-promoting potential of a bacterial biomass in micropropagated banana plantlets cultivar Prata Catarina, and to identify the mechanisms involved in plant-microorganism interactions. In vitro, the biochemical assays tested were the solubilisation of phosphates, production of enzymes, production of ammonia, siderophores, and indole acetic acid. In the in vivo tests, the plants were bacterised (109CFU mL-1) in two phases: acclimatisation, and cultivation in plastic bags. The design was a randomised block with 9 and 7 repetitions per treatment, which were: T1: control; T2: plants treated with isolate E2 (Bacillus pumilus group); T3: plants treated with RAB9 isolate (B. pumilus) for each phase. Bacterial isolates were capable of producing cellulases, amylases, pectinases, lipases, proteases, and siderophores. The plants gained in height, root length, root dry mass, pseudostem diameter, and leaf area. It is concluded that the PGPB can promote the growth of micropropagated banana plantlets through the production of enzymes and siderophores.
Complementary feeding in infants born prematurely
Authors: Menezes Larissa Vieira Pinto , Steinberg Carla , Nóbrega Ana Caline
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate if there is difficulty in introducing complementary feeding in premature infants. Methods This is an exploratory, cross-sectional study performed in premature infants between six and twenty-four months of gestationally corrected age, using complementary feeding. Thirty-eight infants born prematurely were included. The feeding difficulties presented by the infants were investigated through an objective question followed by the application of a food behavior checklist for the last month. The children's clinical variables were investigated through a medical record review. An interview was conducted with those responsible for the child to identify the sociodemographic aspects and the type of breastfeeding before the corrected six months of age. Results Asked about the general perception, 50% of parents answered that their children did not present feeding difficulties in the last month. However, when a checklist was applied, 73.7% of the parents reported that their children had at least one defensive behavior at mealtime. Refusal to open their mouths (42.1%), food selectivity (28.9%), and feeding refusal (26.3%) were the most frequent defensive behaviors. The food refusal item (44.4%) had a greater association with formula feeding (p = 0.033). Conclusion The present study showed an association between the type of breastfeeding and the difficulties in complementary feeding, especially in premature infants with formula feeding, presenting food refusal during meals. We found the presence of different types of defensive behaviors at mealtime in the majority of premature infants investigated.
Intervenção fonoaudiológica com a utilização de software em casos de distúrbios dos sons da fala
Authors: Sotero Laura Karolainy Barcelos , Pagliarin Karina Carlesso
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar os efeitos da terapia fonoaudiológica com enfoque na consciência fonológica e fonoarticulatória nas habilidades de fala e no processo de alfabetização de crianças com distúrbios dos sons da fala. Participaram deste estudo sete crianças com idade entre seis e sete anos, de ambos os gêneros e com queixa de alterações na fala. As crianças foram submetidas às seguintes avaliações fonoaudiológicas: Avaliação Fonológica da Criança, Exame Articulatório, Avaliação Consciência Fonoarticulatória, Prova de Consciência Fonológica Por Produção Oral e Avaliação da Escrita de Palavras. Em seguida, foram submetidas à terapia fonoaudiológica por meio do software “Pedro em uma noite assustadora”, semanalmente, com duração de aproximadamente 30 minutos cada. Ao final de oito sessões as crianças foram reavaliadas com os mesmos instrumentos utilizados na avaliação inicial. Os dados foram analisados qualitativa e quantitativamente. A partir da análise dos dados obtidos, constatou-se melhora na fala, nas habilidades de consciência fonoarticulatória e de consciência fonológica e da Hipótese de Escrita de todas as crianças. Pode-se concluir que a terapia fonoaudiológica com enfoque nas habilidades de consciência fonológica e fonoarticulatórias, a partir de software especifico, influenciou a organização dos padrões de fala e aquisição da linguagem escrita na maioria dos sujeitos.
Phonological acquisition in children with early-treated congenital hypothyroidism: association with clinical and laboratory parameters
Authors: Dassie-Leite Ana Paula , Behlau Mara , Nesi-França Suzana , Lima Monica Nunes , Lacerda Luiz de
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the phonological characteristics of children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Methods Observational, analytical, cross-sectional, ambispective study including prepubertal children with CH (n=100; study group, SG) and controls without CH ( n=100; control group, CG). Assessments included a speech language pathology interview, the phonological evaluation of the ABFW Child Language Test, medical data, and neuropsychological tests in the first three years of life. Results On treatment onset of the SG, the median chronological age of the participants was 18.0 days and 48.4% had total T4 <2.5 µg/dL (31.75 nmol/L). At the age of 7 years, children in the SG had higher rates of consonant cluster simplification and lower rates of complete phonological system compared to those in the CG. On analysis of combined age groups (4+5 and 6+7 years), the CG had a higher frequency of complete acquisition versus the SG. On multivariate analysis, thyroid agenesis, abnormal scores on the Clinical Linguistic and Auditory Milestone Scale and developmental quotient tests were associated with the occurrence of phonological disorders. Conclusion Children with CH present delay in phonological acquisition, despite early diagnosis and adequate treatment, especially between the ages of 6–7 years. The etiology of CH and the results of neuropsychological tests in the first years of life seem to be related to this delay.
Associação entre disfunção temporomandibular e zumbido em idosos
Authors: Macedo Julya , Doi Marcelo Yudi , Macedo Alyne , Oltramari-Navarro Paula Vanessa Pedron , Poli-Frederico Regina Célia , Navarro Ricardo de Lima , Marchiori Luciana Lozza de Moraes
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a associação entre zumbido e disfunção temporomandibular em idosos. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com a inclusão de idosos com vida independente. A disfunção temporomandibular foi avaliada por exame odontológico e o zumbido foi verificado pela história médica. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o teste Qui-quadrado, o risco relativo e a regressão logística. Resultados O zumbido foi observado em 82,9% dos indivíduos com disfunção temporomandibular e, através desta análise, observou-se que a disfunção temporomandibular é um fator de risco para o zumbido. Conclusão Houve associação entre zumbido e disfunção temporomandibular na população idosa. Ressalta-se a importância de identificar fatores de risco para o zumbido, que podem ser modificados por meio de intervenções específicas, uma vez que esta prática é essencial na prevenção de episódios futuros, bem como na gestão do processo de tratamento de pacientes idosos, em geral.
Escala de desenvolvimento auditivo e de linguagem na criança implantada
Authors: Moretti Claudia Andriguetto Maoski , Ribas Angela , Guarinello Ana Cristina , Rosa Marine Raquel Diniz da
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar o desempenho auditivo e de linguagem oral em crianças implantadas com menos de dois anos de idade auditiva, por meio da Escala de Desenvolvimento de Audição e Linguagem (EDAL-1) e comparar os resultados aos de crianças ouvintes até 2 anos de idade. Métodos Estudo experimental de caráter descritivo. Participaram 141 crianças, divididas em dois grupos: grupo controle, com 92 normo-ouvintes, e grupo experimental, com 49 crianças surdas acompanhadas audiologicamente, durante os dois primeiros anos após a implantação. As normo-ouvintes passaram por avaliação auditiva e os pais responderam ao questionário EDAL-1. As crianças implantadas passaram por avaliação otorrinolaringológica e fonoaudiológica a cada três meses e os pais responderam ao EDAL-1. Resultados Nos dois grupos foram observadas respostas ascendentes, com melhora de acordo com o aumento da idade cronológica. Os resultados obtidos no grupo experimental foram estatisticamente piores que no grupo controle, porém, com tendência de crescimento. O EDAL-1 mostrou-se de fácil aplicação e permitiu o monitoramento do desempenho das crianças implantadas. Conclusão O desempenho auditivo e de linguagem oral em crianças surdas, usuárias de implante coclear, foi caracterizado pelo EDAL-1 e mostrou-se em crescimento, conforme o aumento do tempo de estimulação auditiva, fato também observado nas crianças ouvintes. Apesar disso, os resultados das crianças ouvintes foram melhores que os das crianças surdas implantadas.
Allelopathic Effects of Different Plant Water Extracts on Yield and Weeds of Wheat
Authors: NAEEM M. , CHEEMA Z.A. , IHSAN M.Z. , HUSSAIN Y. , MAZARI A. , ABBAS H.T.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: Use of synthetic herbicides to control weeds poses serious threats to sustainable agricultural production around the globe. The phytotoxic effect of different plant water extracts (i.e., sorghum, sunflower and mulberry) against weeds has been previously studied; however, their combined effects at different rates are yet to be explored. In this study, mixtures of allelopathic water extracts of sorghum + sunflower and sorghum + sunflower + mulberry were sprayed each at 12, 15, 18 and 21 L ha-1 at 40 and 55 days after sowing in wheat to control wild oats (Avena fatua), little seed canary grass (Phalaris minor), lamb’s quarters (Chenopodium album) and swine cress (Coronopus didymus). A synthetic herbicide Affinity 50 WP (Carfentrazone-ethyl 0.75% + Isoproturon 50% applied at 1000 g a.i., ha-1) and a weedy check were kept as a control treatment. The increasing order of water extract dose 12-21 L ha-1 showed substantial reduction in total weed density and their dry biomass production of both narrow and broad-leaved weeds in all the treatment combinations. Mixture of sorghum + sunflower + mulberry water extracts each at 18 L ha-1 applied at 40+55 DAS resulted in an 87.14% decrease in total weed dry matter with a 19.5% increase in grain yield of wheat and higher net benefits of Rs. 100525 with 777.5% marginal rate of return. Nonetheless, application of sorghum + sunflower water extracts each at 12 L ha-1 at 40+55 DAS was more economical than the other treatments in terms of higher marginal rate of return of 799.82%. Based on this study, it can be suggested that the use of allelopathic plant water extracts in a mixture may act as a potential weed control strategy in wheat.
Effects of Adding Organic Matter to a Red-Yellow Latosol in the Sorption and Desorption of Tebuthiuron
Authors: TEIXEIRA M.F.F. , SILVA A.A. , NASCIMENTO M.A. , VIEIRA L.S. , TEIXEIRA T.P.M , SOUZA M.F.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: Tebuthiuron is one of the most widely used herbicides in the sugarcane culture and its characteristic is the long persistence in soil. When used without knowing its interactions with soil attributes, it can reduce the sustainability of cropping systems and contaminate surface and groundwaters. In this research, by using a high-performance liquid chromatography, the effects of adding organic matter in a Red-Yellow Latosol were evaluated, as for the sorption and desorption of tebuthiuron. It was concluded that there is a direct relation between the sorption of tebuthiuron and the organic matter content in Red-Yellow Latosols and there is an inverse relation for desorption. The hysteresis index was lower in samples with high organic matter content.
Growth and Accumulation of Nutrients by Weeds, in Maize and Legumes Intercrops
Authors: NOLLA A. , JUCKSH I. , CASTALDO J.H. , ALVARENGA R.C. , ALBRECHT L.P.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT: The presence of weeds on fields is a concern for farmers, due to competition with the commercial crops, reducing yields. The intercropping of maize with legumes provides weed control; after senescence, the nutrients accumulated by plants are released, recycling nutrients. The study of plant species and their diversity is called phytosociology. This study aimed at evaluating the accumulation of dry phytomass by maize intercropped with legumes and weeds species, and at evaluating nutrient cycling and the phytosociology of weeds. The experiment consisted of maize intercropped with legumes cover crops: jack-beans, Brazilian jack-beans, velvet bean, lablab-beans, and pigeon pea, and the control treatment (maize without intercrop), all without chemical or mechanical weed control. Maize was sown in the plots, and legumes were sown 64 days after maize. Maize was harvested 120 days after sowing (DAS), and legumes at 144 DAS. Weeds were sampled at 84 and 144 DAS. It was possible to evaluate the accumulation of dry phytomass, the nutrient content of the intercrop components, and the phytosociology of weeds. The phytomass accumulation by maize was not affected by the intercrop with legumes. The intercrop with velvet bean accumulated higher dry phytomass and suppressed weeds. Jack beans accumulated dry mass, but did not suppress weeds. The intercropping system changed the diversity of weeds. Panicum maximum, Commelina nudiflora, Commelina benghalensis, Leonotis nepetaefolia and Melampodium divaricatum stood out by presenting higher values of phytosociological index and nutrient recycling.
Consumo energético de salas de escritório climatizadas de modo misto em São Paulo: considerações sobre o projeto
Authors: Santesso Caroline Antonelli , Chvatal Karin Maria Soares
Published: October 2018

Resumo Na literatura há poucos estudos sobre edifícios climatizados de modo misto (ou com ventilação híbrida) com estratégias simples de projeto. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa avalia o impacto de parâmetros arquitetônicos (formato da sala, tamanho e orientação das aberturas) e de uso (densidade de carga de equipamentos e temperatura de acionamento do ar-condicionado) no desempenho energético de salas de escritório de modo misto na cidade de São Paulo. O método consistiu em um levantamento de dados dessa tipologia de edifício, caracterizando os modelos de estudo, e simulações paramétricas no programa EnergyPlus. Verificou-se que o uso da ventilação híbrida proporcionou reduções de até 52% no consumo energético do ar-condicionado para resfriamento. Ao se adotar essa estratégia, é importante associar a forma da sala à área da janela. Menores consumos energéticos foram observados para as combinações de salas estreitas e profundas com janelas maiores ou de salas menos profundas e mais largas com janelas menores. Contudo, a diminuição da área efetiva para ventilação alterou essas conclusões, tendo sido obtido menor consumo de energia sempre com janelas menores. Este trabalho indica que a combinação adequada dos parâmetros estudados pode gerar projetos com menor consumo energético, o que auxilia na concepção dessa tipologia de edifício.
Avaliação de dispositivos de sombreamento no RTQ-R do ponto de vista térmico e luminoso
Authors: Souza Roberta Vieira Gonçalves de , Soares Carla Patrícia Santos , Alves Tatiana Paula
Published: October 2018

Resumo Considera-se que o Regulamento Brasileiro de Eficiência Energética em Edificações Residenciais (RTQ-R, 2012) apresenta um sistema de pontuação que desvaloriza o uso de dispositivos de sombreamento para as aberturas que não venezianas. Esses dispositivos são considerados com peso máximo de 50% em relação à pontuação das venezianas ainda que apresentem desempenho superior a esse peso. O presente estudo investigou o desempenho térmico e luminoso de diferentes tipologias de proteção solar em aberturas a fim de propor uma adequação do sistema de pontuações desses dispositivos pelo RTQ-R. Para tanto, foram feitas simulações computacionais com aberturas para quatro orientações em sete zonas bioclimáticas brasileiras e com variações nas tipologias e do acionamento dos dispositivos de proteção solar para ambientes de dormitório e de estar. A partir das simulações computacionais realizadas foi proposta uma escala única de pontuação para os dispositivos de sombreamento. Os resultados das pontuações indicam valores significativamente superiores ao máximo atribuído às venezianas pelo RTQ-R, o que mostra uma distorção entre os valores resultantes das simulações e os valores praticados pelo RTQ-R. Observou-se que as pontuações variam significativamente tanto entre as zonas bioclimáticas quanto com a orientação solar, e, por isso, o estudo propõe um critério de pontuação que considere essas variáveis.
Mapping humidity plume over local climate zones in a high-altitude tropical climate city, Brazil
Authors: Masiero Erico , Souza Léa Cristina Lucas de
Published: October 2018

Abstract The aim of this research is to detect the cooling effects of water body evaporation in different Local Climate Zones (LCZs) in a tropical area. We attempted to register the humidity action over the urban environment caused by the evaporation of an urban lake according to the typical regional winds. The method was developed on the basis of three steps: the physical characterization of the LCZ conditions, the definition of data collection procedures with the mesoclimate analysis; and the interpretation of data by mapping the local measured variables. The study also included a microclimate data collection campaign aimed to evaluate more specifically the typical behaviour of the air temperature and absolute humidity in areas near the water body and in environments of the urban centre of São Jose do Rio Preto in Brazil. The air temperature range in areas near the water surface presented values lower than the denser areas, reaching differences close to 4 °C, and as the environment becomes drier and impermeable, the air temperature tended to be higher. This fact highlights the need to being outlined urban occupation strategies for improving the thermal quality of the built environment, mainly in cities located in regions with a predominantly high altitude tropical climate.