bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Product property of global $P$-extremal functions
Authors: Dieu Nguyen Quang , Long Tang Van
Published: December 2021

In this note, we establish a product property for $P$-extremal functions in the same spirit as the original product formula due to J. Siciak in Ann. Polon. Math., 39 (1981), 175–211. As a consequence, we obtain convexity for the sublevel sets of such extremal functions. Moreover, we also generalize the product property of $P$-extremal functions established by L. Bos and N. Levenberg in Comput. Methods Funct. Theory 18 (2018), 361–388, and later by N. Levenberg and M. Perera, in Contemporary Mathematics 743 (2020), 11–19, in which no restriction on $P$ is needed.
DEVELOPING A STRUCTURED SYSTEM FOR SPECIALISED INDUSTRIAL REPORTING
Authors: Taljaard Stephan , van Niekerk Sybrand , Vosloo Jan , du Plessis Johan , van Laar Jean
Published: December 2021

Reporting assists with informed decision-making. For industrial processes, accurate reporting of data can be vital to the success of a project. Reporting efforts can be scaled and automated by making use of software tools and products. It is often the case that tools that are not developed for reporting purposes (e.g., spreadsheets) are used to report on industrial data. This results in a lack of standardisation, and hinders large-scale implementation. Existing reporting software also does not focus on being specialised for both industrial data and large-scale implementation. The study aims to develop a system that addresses these problems. To validate it, the system is implemented on multiple large-scale South African mines, and more than 380 specialised reports are distributed daily using the newly developed system.
The Impact of Radical Change on Leadership Development in Large Companies
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Majczyk Julita
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This study aims to identify and describe changes in leadership development programs caused by the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Design/methodology/approach: Participants were selected purposefully. The core part of the qualitative study involved 25 individual in-depth interviews. Findings: The data indicates that leadership development is not perceived as a core business process. In most cases, certain learning interventions were withheld but not terminated or managers ordered a digital culture transition. Data shows that given the progressing change, there is a need for further reflection on whether technology-mediated leadership behaviour would not be a standard. Research limitations/implications: Qualitative research does not permit broad generalizations. Although the data collected allows indicating how leader-nurturing process owners perceive change that impacts leadership development, there is no possibility to indicate the intensity or importance of the reactions. Originality/value: This study enriches the research on leadership management in big enterprises. It provides meaningful insights by examining the attitude and reactions of managers responsible for nurturing leaders. The findings of this study extend the understanding of the leadership development goal and its impact under specific conditions.
Functioning of Health Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic – Review of Literature
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Haczyński Józef , Trojniak Agnieszka ,   University of Zielona, Jarowicz Krzysztof ,   University of Zielona Góra, Skaza Dawid ,   University of Zielona Góra
Published: December 2021

Purpose: A review of the literature on reorganization of the health care system in selected medical specializations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: A review and analysis of available scientific literature from ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed and other scientific sources, and data analysis using Microsoft Excel. Articles were found using specific keywords, then they were assessed in detail against the criteria set by the authors Findings: The COVID-19 pandemic caused many organizational changes in health care. As a result of activities limiting the spread of COVID-19 in medical facilities, the following were observed: increased use of telemedicine to contact medical staff, limited access to physicians of various specialties, delayed diagnosis and treatment in many fields of medicine and also increased financial investment in the health care. Additionally, the pandemic reduced social contacts. It is forecast that after the pandemic, there will be an increase in demand for medical consultations due to undiagnosed and untreated patients during the pandemic. Research limitations/implications: A lack of scientific study with long-term data, a survey on a small group of respondents, studies from countries with different degrees of development (a more difficult comparative analysis), discrepancy of data in some studies due to insufficient research on the new virus – SARS-CoV-2. Originality/value: The work collects data from various medical disciplines and presents the possible impact of reorganization on the post-pandemic situation. The article is original because of the combination of medical and management aspects of the health care organization during the pandemic.
“Where Children Play Among the Ruins of the Language”: A Nest of Ninnies and the Literary Legacies of New York Dada
Authors: Pióro Tadeusz
Published: December 2021

Narration and dialogues in A Nest of Ninnies rely largely on linguistic equivalents of what are known as “found objects,” or “ready mades,” in the visual arts. This endows Ashbery’s and Schuyler’s novel with a sense of humor much like the one developed by the New York Dadaists in the years 1916-1920. Because of the high incidence of camp humor in the novel, affinities between it, as well as the camp aesthetic more generally, and the New York version of Dada, may be seen. Yet the principal claim of the article is that this novel is part of the literary legacy of New York Dada, a movement significantly different from the original Dada of Zurich.
Negotiating Subjectivity within Simulation: The Posthuman in Philip K. Dick’s Ubik
Authors: Płomiński Piotr
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper is to offer a reading of P. K. Dick’s Ubik which investigates the possibility for a representation of posthuman subjectivity in the novel. The forming of a sustainable posthuman subjectivity occurs in the novel against the backdrop of what might be described in Baudrillardian terms as hyperreality. The use of Baudrillard?s idea of hyperreality may not only guide the analysis towards uncovering the circumstances facilitating the emergence of posthuman subjects in Ubik, but also reveal an illustration of the dialogue between the postmodern and the posthuman positions. Ultimately, I contend that Dick’s novel depicts the emergence of posthuman modes of subjectivity in a process which is facilitated by the context of hyperreality. This unexpected coincidence occurs through a positive, constructive interaction with the environment, bestowing, through symbolic exchange, sustainability to the inhabitants of unstable reality.
“They Look Like They’re Trying to Pull Up Nails with Their Heels”: Ricardo Güiraldes’s Response to Cultural Appropriation in Don Segundo Sombra
Authors: Savage Lee Susan
Published: December 2021

Cultural appropriation has often been linked to American treatment of indigenous cultures. In Playing Indian, for example, Philip J. Deloria investigates how images of Indianness, however inauthentic, stereotypical, or completely ethnocentric, work to help white Americans come to terms with their history of conquest and possession. While the term cultural appropriation has been linked to the conflict between dominant and indigenous cultures as Deloria suggests, it is used far less frequently with respect to American and Latin American cultural identities. Yet, the preponderance of movies and literary works in which Americans follow the same rubric – use Latin American culture to define American cultural identity – evoke the same sense of loss on the part of Latin Americans, in this case, Argentines. For over a century, for example, the gaucho has been examined, evaluated, and reevaluated by Argentines within gauchesque literature to make sense of modernization, notions of civilization versus barbarism, and what creates argentinidad, or what it means to be Argentine. Ricardo Güiraldes sought to respond to the cultural appropriation and misrepresentation of the gaucho, specifically that gaucho culture could be taken up by anyone and used for any purpose, no matter how benign; and that gauchos were a part of the past, eschewing modernization in forms such as industrial ranching and technology when, in fact, they embraced it. In Don Segundo Sombra, Güiraldes addresses these issues. Rather than permit cultural appropriation and ethnocentrism to remain unremarked upon, Güiraldes demonstrates that gaucho culture has remarkable qualities that cannot be imitated by novices, both foreign and native. He then examines gaucho culture, particularly the link between frontier life and economic displacement, in order to champion the gaucho and argentinidad as the models for Argentines to follow.
Going to Extremes: Post-9/11 Discrimination in Fiction
Authors: Žindžiuviene Ingrida Egle
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article is to discuss the representation of discrimination and polarization of the American society after the events of 9/11 in Laila Halaby’s novel Once in a Promised Land (2007). The novel presents the point of view of “the Other” and focuses on the analysis of the antagonistic processes in the American society and their outcomes in the lives of ordinary citizens, accused of being “the Other.” The article examines the deterioration of beliefs and values and the “death” of the American Dream. Based on the fundamental theory of Trauma Studies, the article discusses the issues of personal and collective trauma and their representation in Laila Halaby’s novel. Collective traumas may unify or polarize the society–both aspects have had negative outcomes in the USA. Increased patriotism and solidarity were particularly prominent during the immediate aftermath of 9/11 and resulted in the discrimination and polarization of the society, the anger being directed at Muslim communities. The first days of the aftermath marked the start of antagonism on different levels: despite being US citizens, representatives of the Muslim communities experienced harsh reactions in their neighborhoods, jobs, social spheres, etc. For many of those “on the other side” these processes meant the end of their normal lives and dreams. The article examines both the informational and empathic approach used by the author of the novel to disclose irreparable processes that may happen in any society.
Fictionalizing Nuclear Terrorism in US Nuclear Fiction: James Reich’s Bombshell
Authors: Sukhenko Inna
Published: December 2021

This paper studies the phenomenon of fictionalizing terrorism as a literary response to the violence paradigm within nuclear narrative from the perspective of nuclear awareness formation as a critical thinking product about the nuclear energy related issues within the Nuclear Anthropocene. Focusing on James Reich’s Bombshell (2013), the paper goes beyond literary critical analysis of exploring the ways of fictionalizing the sociopolitical and psychic motives and ideas behind an act of terrorism. The paper highlights the factual component of the literary figurations of terrorism and terrorist activities in nuclear fiction, which is regarded here not only as a factor of weakening the apocalyptic rhetoric of nuclear narrative by transforming its “fabulously textual” nature, but mainly as a trigger of shaping public awareness and knowledge management on nuclear history and nuclear industry with a view to considering the possible patters of nuclear terrorism within the contemporary nuclear agenda.
Becoming Horse–Capitalism and the Human Identity: An Analysis of Boots Riley’s Sorry to Bother You
Authors: Myszka Mateusz
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article is to dissect the phenomenon of capitalist labor in the US as depicted in Boots Riley’s film Sorry to Bother You (2018). The primary focus of the article is the film’s rendering of the creation of horse humans which the article reads as a metaphor for class relations in the modern society. First, the article analyzes the film’s plot in the context of the cultural assumptions and beliefs connected with the figure of the horse. Next, it draws on Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of “becoming-animal” in order to unveil the revolutionary potential possibly latent in hybridization. Finally, after commenting on the ways in which capitalism weaponizes technological development, the article inscribes the notion of hybridization into the nature-culture dichotomy.
Transgressing the Controlling Images of African-American Women? Performing Black Womanhood in Contemporary American Television Series
Authors: Różalska Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

Drawing from intersectionality theories and black feminist critiques of white, masculinist, and racist discourses still prevailing in the American popular culture of the twenty-first century, this article looks critically at contemporary images of African-American women in the selected television series. For at least four decades critics of American popular culture have been pointing to, on the one hand, the dominant stereotypes of African-American women (the so-called controlling images, to use the expression coined by Patricia Hill Collins) resulting from slavery, racial segregation, white racism and sexism as well as, on the other hand, to significant marginalization or invisibility of black women in mainstream film and television productions. In this context, the article analyzes two contemporary television shows casting African-American women as leading characters (e.g., Scandal, 2012-2018 and How To Get Away With Murder, 2014-2020) to see whether these narratives are novel in portraying black women’s experiences or, rather, they inscribe themselves in the assimilationist and post-racial ways of representation.
Wild cereal grain consumption among Early Holocene foragers of the Balkans predates the arrival of agriculture
Authors: Cristiani Emanuela , Radini Anita , Zupancich Andrea , Gismondi Angelo , D'Agostino Alessia , Ottoni Claudio , Carra Marialetizia , Vukojičić Snežana , Constantinescu Mihai , Antonović Dragana , Price T Douglas , Borić Dušan
Published: December 2021

Forager focus on wild cereal plants has been documented in the core zone of domestication in southwestern Asia, while evidence for forager use of wild grass grains remains sporadic elsewhere. In this paper, we present starch grain and phytolith analyses of dental calculus from 60 Mesolithic and Early Neolithic individuals from five sites in the Danube Gorges of the central Balkans. This zone was inhabited by likely complex Holocene foragers for several millennia before the appearance of the first farmers ~6200 cal BC. We also analyzed forager ground stone tools (GSTs) for evidence of plant processing. Our results based on the study of dental calculus show that certain species of Poaceae (species of the genus Aegilops) were used since the Early Mesolithic, while GSTs exhibit traces of a developed grass grain processing technology. The adoption of domesticated plants in this region after ~6500 cal BC might have been eased by the existing familiarity with wild cereals.
“Escribir artículo“: nombres singulares escuetos en posición de objeto en español rioplatense
Authors: Oggiani Carolina
Published: December 2021

En este artículo analizamos el comportamiento semántico-sintáctico de un grupo de nombres singulares contables en español rioplatense. Específicamente, nos referimos a los nombres singulares que aparecen en posición de complemento de verbos de presentación y de creación, como en presentó obra y escribió artículo. En primer lugar, presentamos una serie de diagnósticos que muestran que estos escuetos presentan las propiedades típicamente atribuidas a los fenómenos de seudoincorporación. Luego de ofrecer una descripción sistematizada, presentamos un modelo formal —inspirado en Dayal (2011) y Baker (2014)—, con el fin de capturar su naturaleza semántica y sintáctica seudoincorporada. En resumen, nuestro análisis propone que estos escuetos denotan una propiedad de un individuo y que alcanzan la proyección de SNúm. Asimismo, mostramos que los análisis anteriores —como el de Espinal & McNally (2011) y Rinaldi (2018)— centrados en los nombres singulares que aparecen como complemento de verbos de posesión, son insuficientes para dar cuenta del fenómeno que aquí nos interesa.
SE in Spanish
Authors: Fábregas Antonio
Published: December 2021

This article provides an overview of Spanish SE, covering the main empirical facts, analyses and theoretical issues that it raises, and exploring the prospects to unify all uses –which are over a dozen in the literature– under one same object that keeps its surface properties invariable. We will show that it is almost inescapable to propose that SE is associated to two types of objects, defective arguments and defective verbal heads; both objects share the property of not introducing referentially independent DPs, which can be argued to be the result of the grammaticalisation of a reflexive element in contemporary Spanish. The chapter proposes that a treatment of SE as a projection introduced high in the clausal structure and acting as an agreement locus can be a fruitful way to unify all uses of SE.
The Effect of Psychodrama on Women's Codependence, Self-Realization and Problem Solving Skill Perception
Authors: Ulusoy Yağmur , Kırlangıç Şimşek Bircan
Published: December 2021

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of psychodrama on the codependency, self-actualization and problem-solving skills of women attending Public Education Center Tailoring Courses. The study was conducted with the quasi-experimental design based on the pretest-posttest model with an experimental group. Fifteen volunteering women attending tailoring courses at Malatya Battalgazi District Public Education Center during the 2015-2016 academic year participated in the study. The study data were collected with the Composite Codependency Scale, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile, and Problem-Solving Inventory. These three scales were applied to the study group before the application. After the pre-test, a psychodrama group study that included 18 sessions was conducted with eight women in the study group. At the end of the application, the scales were applied as post-test measurements to the study group. To test the effectiveness of the experimental process, the dependent samples t test technique was used. The comparison of the study group pretest and posttest scores revealed a significant difference between pretest and posttest self-actualization scores; however, there was no significant difference between codependency, interpersonal control, self-sacrifice, suppression of emotions, and problem-solving skill perception pretest and posttest scores. Thus, it was observed that psychodrama had a significant effect on the improvement of the self-actualization levels of participating women; however, it did not have a significant effect on the reduction of their negative perceptions about problem-solving skills and codependency levels.
Foundations of Pension Legislation in Russia, France, and Great Britain: An Investigation on Political Doctrines in the 17-20th Centuries
Authors: Aleksandrova Anna Victorovna
Published: December 2021

The article considers the process of forming conceptual foundations of pension legislation in Russia, France, and Great Britain. The scientists of 17-18th centuries substantiated the right to life and human dignity as the most important human rights. Later, in 19-20th centuries, the right to a dignified existence, the right to assistance from the state in case of disability were formulated. The need for the livelihood of the elderly was recognized by most authors, however, there were serious discrepancies regarding the methods for provision and sources of financing payments. The article considers the pension laws adopted in Great Britain, France, and Russia in the first half of the 20th century that reflected the above concepts anyway. The French pension legislation has embodied the insurance model of pension security and was strongly influenced by Bismarck legislation, while the British one reflected the legislator’s desire to abandon the extremes of the ideology of individualism and ‘self-help’ through the introduction of state budget pensions. In Russia, the origin of compulsory social insurance took place almost simultaneously with Western European countries; however, this process was broken by the revolutionary events of 1917. As a result, a state budgetary pension system was created in Soviet Russia. The author comes to the conclusion about the mutual influence of various models of pension protection, legalized in the first half of the 20th century in the countries under consideration, as well as the special role of social solidarity concepts and the generational contract for the formation of these models.
Challenges Faced by Working Mothers in Turkey
Authors: Zavalsız Y. Sinan , Göksu Gülşah
Published: December 2021

This research deals with the advantages and disadvantages of the women who started to work outside the home with the Industrial Revolution in addition to the housework they were responsible for in the traditional period. With industrialization, the employment rate of women who began to work to support their family financially, gain economic independence and self-confidence, and fulfill their education requirements has increased exponentially to date.
The research emphasizes that working women are stuck between their roles in working life and home. Expectations are increasing from the women who have started to take part in working life, and different roles are expected from her such as being a good wife, a good mother, a good housewife as well as being a good worker. The reflection of these expectations in families constitutes this study's main subject. The study aims to reveal how women working reflect on themselves, their children, their spouses, and their home from the working women's perspective.
This study has emerged by interviewing 25 working women residing in the province of Karabuk, Turkey with a qualitative research model. The conditions such as being married and having at least one child were mandatory while assigning the research group's persons. Also, attention has been paid to ensure that the subjects included in the study work in different professions.
As a result of the study, women have generally highlighted negative aspects of their work. However, the working women feel good with her contribution to home economics, has a separate economic income, and offering a better life for her children. The study shows that, despite the difficulties in working life, women who receive support from their spouses maintain a happier marriage. In contrast, those who have weak bonds with their spouses become lonely at home. At the same time, some women try to carry out this process with psychological support.
Haçlı Devletleri Döneminde Kadın Algısı, Siyasi Evlilikler ve Devlet Yönetiminde Kadınların Rolü
Authors: Altınay Ramazan , Dağdeviren Habibe Ceren
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırmada Haçlı Seferleri dönemindeki kadın algısı, siyasi evlilikler ve devlet yönetiminde kadınların rolünün ne olduğu incelenmektedir. Orta Çağların en büyük askerî harekâtlarından biri olan Haçlı Seferleri, Batılı Hıristiyanlar ile Doğulu Müslümanları karşı karşıya getiren ve 1096 yılında başlayıp 1291 yılında Latin Hıristiyanların Doğu'da Akka’dan çıkartılmalarına kadar süren ve sekiz büyük askeri seferi kapsayan yaklaşık iki yüz yıllık bir dönemi kapsamaktadır. Araştırmanın giriş bölümünde Haçlı Seferlerinin tarihsel süreci incelendikten sonra seferlerin yapıldığı dönemdeki kadın algısı ve kadınların seferlere karşı yaklaşımı incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra Haçlı devletlerinde (Urfa Haçlı Kontluğu (1098-1144), Antakya Prinkepsliği (1098-1268), Kudüs Krallığı (1099-1291) ve Trablus Kontluğu (1109-1289) soylu kadınlarla yapılan evliliklerin siyaset üzerindeki etkisi tartışılmıştır. Araştırmanın bu bölümünde soylu kadınlarla yapılan evliliklerin siyaset üzerindeki etkisi ile ilgili çok sayıda örneğe yer verilmiştir. Verilen örnekler ışığında, Haçlı devletlerinin yöneticilerinin, oluşturdukları siyasi organizasyonu devam ettirebilmek, güçlendirmek ve hâkimiyet alanlarını genişletebilmek için çıkarlar doğrultusunda anlaşmalar yapmak ya da savaşmak gibi faktörlerin yanı sıra evlilik yoluyla kurulan ilişkilere de önem verdikleri sonucuna varılmıştır. Soylu kadınlar ya da yerel yöneticilerin kızları ile yapılan evlilikler yolu ile kurulan akrabalık ilişkilerinin bazen hâkimiyet alanlarını genişletmek ve hatta tehdit oluşturan güçlere karşı ittifak sağladıkları gibi, bazen devletlerin devamının bu evlilikler sayesinde gerçekleştiği tespiti yapılmıştır. Böylece Haçlı Seferleri esnasında, Orta Çağlar’ın olumsuz kadın algısına rağmen, soylu kadınların siyasi ilişkilerde devleti yönetecek konuma kadar yükselerek siyasette etkin bir rol üstlendikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma bu yönüyle Haçlı devletleri dönemindeki kadın rollerini inceleyerek kadınların tarih boyunca üstlendikleri rollerin anlaşılması noktasında genel bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır.
Risk Factors for Spoilage of Groundnut Seeds in Shops during Marketing
Authors: Boli Z. B. I. A. , Coulibaly W. H. , Bamba R. , Allouet-Boraud W. M. , Koffi-Nevry R. , Dje K. M.
Published: December 2021

Post-harvest storage of oilseeds, particularly groundnut, is a real problem for farmers and traders whose stocks are subject to attacks by pests and fungal contaminants in the shops. In order to find alternative solutions to this problem, a survey was conducted in Côte d’Ivoire, specifically in the markets of the communes Abobo, Adjamé and Yopougon in city of Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this work is to evaluate the main risk factors for spoilage of groundnut seeds sold during storage in the Abidjan markets. To this end, a survey was conducted among 75 groundnut seeds sellers in the three aforementioned communes of Abidjan and identified the main risk factors favorable to spoilage of groundnut seeds sold during storage. The lack of exact knowledge of the origin of the groundnut seeds sold (92 to 100%), the storage of groundnut seeds in polyethylene bags (84 to 100%), the lack of knowledge of spoilage (28 to 44%), the long periods of sale (22.2 to 86.7%), moisture (0 to 72.2%) and insect pests (5.6 to 20%° were identified as the main factors of these risk of spoilage.
To Assess the Effectiveness of Video-assisted Teaching on Knowledge Regarding Male Breast Cancer among Adult Males
Authors: Gadhave Shalaka , Gahane Vaishali , Gajbhiye Poonam , Gandhare Harsha , Pohekar Savita
Published: December 2021

Introduction: As the healthcare programs focus on the relatively higher incidence, women have a fair level of awareness of breast cancer. Breast of male hence ignored in the community. Studies from India have shown that medical care is often taken in an advanced stage because of lack of awareness, and the aggressive nature of breast cancer in Indian men and seen at quite an early age. Video-assisted knowledge teachings about awareness of male breast cancer among adult males would improve their understanding and exploration of the perceptions and opinions of Indian male cancers.

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of video-assisted education on male breast cancer knowledge among adult males in the city of Wardha.

Methods and Materials: One group pretest and posttest design with a quantitative research approach has been used in this interventional study design. This study has been carried out in community set up. Sample size was100. Validated Pretested predesigned structured questionnaires were used. In Microsoft excel sheet, data collected was entered. SPSS-software was used to perform the statistical analysis. Frequencies and percentages for categorical variables have been presented.

Results: The pre-test findings show that 15(15%) of the adult males had a poor level of knowledge score,  50(50%) had average knowledge and 31(31%) of them had good knowledge and 4(4%) of them had found a very good level of knowledge. After video-assisted teaching in the post-test 3(3%) had a good knowledge score and 97(97%) had very good knowledge, thus it shows that after the post-test the knowledge score was increased. The Mean value of the pre-test is 9.32 and the post-test is 23.14 (p-value is 0.001), the calculated t-value is 35.47. Hence it indicates that Teaching aided with video was effective. The post-test score was significantly associated with population variables such as occupation and bad habits. The post-testing knowledge score with demographic variables such as age, religion, family type, education, marital status, dietary pattern, and area of residence was not significantly linked.

Conclusion: The study shows that the expected teaching on male breast cancer has helped adult males to gain a better understanding of the nature of the disease and to take measures to prevent male breast cancer.
A 2 Years Girls with Nephroblastoma: A Case Report
Authors: Mendhe Deeplata , Jiwane Achal , Sharma Ranjana , Wanjari Mayur
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Wilm's tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a common complication in children with renal cancer. It was responsible for 6% of all malignancies. It almost always affects children under the age of five. 90% of cases are diagnosed before the age of three, with the peak incidence occurring between the ages of two and five years. The case of a 2-year-old girl with Wilm's tumor is shown below. The majority of cases are unilateral, but 5% to 10% of the time both kidneys are affected.

Case Presentation: A 2-year-old girl was taken to the hospital with a chief complaint of a lump in the abdomen, fever, vomiting and fatigue, nausea, swelling, pain in the abdomen, weakness. On physical examination the patient has experienced in weakness the upper and lower limb, pain experiencing in the abdomen and presenting lumps in the abdomen S1 and S2 are heard in the cardiological system, and air entry is bilaterally equal in the respiratory system. Pupils are reflected light, tone, and a palpable smooth abdominal mass is frequently discovered by chance. The infant was never admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). There had been no previous evidence of neonatal sepsis or jaundice. For a year, the girl was breastfed. The right side of the abdomen was where the first symptoms appeared. Small at first, but quickly grew larger and more asymmetrical.
A Study Protocol on the Effectiveness of Post Mastectomy Exercises in Breast Cancer Patients on Reduction of Lymphedema and Improving Range of Motion among Patients Undergone Mastectomy
Authors: Kothe Amruta , Ankar Ruchira
Published: December 2021

Background:  Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer in the world and it is a major stressor in women's lives. Breast cancer cases are increasing in both rural and urban settings. Mastectomy is a procedure that removes the breast to prevent cancer cells from returning. Many complications can develop after a mastectomy but lymphedema and limited range of motion are the most prevalent. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of post mastectomy exercises in breast cancer patients on reduction of lymphedema and improving range of motion among patients undergone mastectomy.

Objectives:

To assess pre interventional level of lymphedema among patients undergone mastectomy.

To assess pre interventional range of motion among patients undergone mastectomy.

To evaluate the effectiveness of post mastectomy exercises in reducing lymphedema among patients undergone mastectomy

To evaluate the effectiveness of post mastectomy exercises in improving range of motion among patients undergone mastectomy.

To associate demographic variable with post mastectomy exercises.

To associate correlation of post mastectomy exercise with lymphedema and range of motion.

Methodology: A pre interventional one group pretest posttest design would be adopted to assess the effectiveness of post mastectomy exercises in breast cancer patients on reduction of lymphedema and improving range of motion among patients undergone mastectomy. In this study interventional analytical study will be used. Purposive sampling technique will be used to collect the data. The study will include 30 patients undergone mastectomy will be assessed by using American lymphology lymphedema scale and Elvaru STJ (Subtalar joint) range of motion and range of motion reliability tool with the help of inch tape and goniometer and then post mastectomy exercises will be teach by researcher as intervention.

Expected Results: The goal of this study is to see how effective post-mastectomy exercises are at reducing lymphedema and improving range of motion in breast cancer patients who had undergone mastectomy. Teaching post-mastectomy exercises can help the respondents reduce lymphedema and improve their range of motion.
A Case of Mucinous Cystadenoma Carcinoma
Authors: G. Hatwar Vaibhav , Sharma Ranjana , Wanjari Mayur , Wankhede Pratibha , Alwadkar Sagar , Rodge Hina
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Mucinous Cystadenoma carcinoma is a type of tumor in the cyst adenocarcinoma grouping it can occur in the breast as well as the ovary. Tumors are normally multiocular with various smooth thin-walled cysts. Within the cyst is found an emergence or cellular debris.

Patient History: The female patient 63-year-old who was admitted to AVBRH on the date 21/05/2021 in the obstetric and gynae ward with a chief complaint of generalized weakness, loss of appetite, fever for 2 days 7 days ago, 2-3 fever spikes and burning micturition. All over investigation observed like blood and urine investigation, CT scan of the abdomen, histopathology then the final diagnosis is confirmed as mucinous Cystadenoma carcinoma.

Pharmacology: The patient was treated with antibacterial medicine, antibiotics, and diabetics, thyroxin stimulating drugs, etc. Management: Inj. Ceftriaxone 1gm 12 hourly, Inj.-piptaz 4.45 gm, 8 hourly, tab. Gimipride 0.5 mg with tab. Metformin 500 mg 12 hourly, tab. Thyrox 62.5 mcg, tab telmisartan 40 mg with tab. Chlorthalidone 12.512.5 mg 12 hourly, Inj.-pan 40 mg, 12 hourly, Inj.- Neomol 100 ml, and Tablet- nitrofurantoin 6 hourly.

Nursing Management: Monitor the vital sign, monitor nutritional status and monitor random blood sugar. Maintained bed rest of patient, managed the pain level of the patient. The patient was assessed for risk of bleeding.

Conclusion: The patient was admitted to the hospital with the chief complaint of generalized weakness, loss of appetite, fever for 2 days 7 days ago, 2-3 fever spikes and burning micturition.  and the patient was admitted to AVBR Hospital in the obstetric and gynae ward, immediate treatment was started by a health team member and all possible treatments were given and now the patient's condition is satisfactory.
Patient‐derived organoids as a preclinical platform for precision medicine in colorectal cancer
Authors: Cho Young‐Won , Min Dong‐Wook , Kim Hwang‐Phill , An Yohan , Kim Sheehyun , Youk Jeonghwan , Chun Jaeyoung , Im Jong Pil , Song Sang‐Hyun , Ju Young Seok , Han Sae‐Won , Park Kyu Joo , Kim Tae‐You
Published: December 2021

Patient‐derived organoids are being considered as models that can help guide personalized therapy through in vitro anticancer drug response evaluation. However, attempts to quantify in vitro drug responses in organoids and compare them with responses in matched patients remain inadequate. In this study, we investigated whether drug responses of organoids correlate with clinical responses of matched patients and disease progression of patients. Organoids were established from 54 patients with colorectal cancer who (except for one patient) did not receive any form of therapy before, and tumor organoids were assessed through whole‐exome sequencing. For comparisons of in vitro drug responses in matched patients, we developed an ‘organoid score’ based on the variable anticancer treatment responses observed in organoids. Very interestingly, a higher organoid score was significantly correlated with a lower tumor regression rate after the standard‐of‐care treatment in matched patients. Additionally, we confirmed that patients with a higher organoid score (≥ 2.5) had poorer progression‐free survival compared with those with a lower organoid score (< 2.5). Furthermore, to assess potential drug repurposing using an FDA‐approved drug library, ten tumor organoids derived from patients with disease progression were applied to a simulation platform. Taken together, organoids and organoid scores can facilitate the prediction of anticancer therapy efficacy, and they can be used as a simulation model to determine the next therapeutic options through drug screening. Organoids will be an attractive platform to enable the implementation of personalized therapy for colorectal cancer patients.
Validation of Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm for CyberKnife multileaf collimator
Authors: Gondré Maude , Marsolat Fanny , Bourhis Jean , Bochud François , Moeckli Raphaël
Published: December 2021

Purpose

To commission and evaluate the Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculation algorithm for the CyberKnife equipped with a multileaf collimator (MLC).

Methods

We created a MC model for the MLC using an integrated module of the CyberKnife treatment planning software (TPS). Two parameters could be optimized: the maximum energy and the source full width at half‐maximum (FWHM). The optimization was performed by minimizing the differences between the measured and the MC calculated tissue phantom ratios and profiles. MLC plans were calculated in the TPS with the MC algorithm and irradiated on different phantoms. The dose was measured using an A1SL ionization chamber and EBT3 Gafchromic films, and then compared to the TPS dose to obtain dose differences (ΔD). Finally, patient‐specific quality assurances (QA) were performed with global gamma index criteria of 3%/1 mm.

Results

The maximum energy and source FWHM showing the best agreement with measurements were 6.4 MeV and 1.8 mm. The output factors calculated with these parameters gave an agreement within ±1% with measurements. The ΔD showed that MC model systematically underestimated the dose with an average of −1.5% over all configurations tested. For depths deeper than 12 cm, the ΔD increased, up to −3.0% (maximum at 15.5 cm depth).

Conclusions

The MC model for MLC of CyberKnife is clinically acceptable but underestimates the delivered dose by an average of −1.5%. Therefore, we recommend using the MC algorithm with the MLC only in heterogeneous regions and for shallow‐seated tumors.
Long‐term follow‐up in a cohort of children with isolated corpus callosum agenesis at fetal MRI
Authors: Romaniello Romina , Arrigoni Filippo , De Salvo Patrizia , Bonaglia Maria Clara , Panzeri Elena , Bassi Maria Teresa , Parazzini Cecilia , Righini Andrea , Borgatti Renato
Published: December 2021

Objective

This long‐term retrospective follow‐up study aimed to address the knowledge gap between prenatal diagnosis of complete isolated Agenesis of Corpus Callosum (cACC) at fetal MRI and postnatal neurodevelopmental outcome to improve prenatal counseling for parents.

Methods

Data on fetuses with isolated cACC from a single‐center MRI database built up in two decades were considered. Detailed postnatal clinical, neuropsychological evaluations were performed and descriptions of available neuroradiological and genetic data were provided.

Results

Following a detailed neuropsychological evaluation and a long‐term follow‐up, the subsequent results emerged: 38 school‐aged children (older than 6 years) of 50 (aged 2.5‐15 years) showed normal intellectual functions (50%), intellectual disability (21%), and borderline intelligence quotient (29%). Deficits in motor functions (58%), executive functions (37%), language (61%), memory abilities (58%), and academic performances (53%) were found. Twenty‐one percent of participants showed behavioral difficulties. Almost half of the participants underwent rehabilitation. Additional findings (21%) were detected at postnatal brain MRI, and a significant association between additional findings at postnatal imaging and abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome was observed.

Interpretations

This study supports the view that children with prenatal diagnosis of isolated cACC may present with several degrees of neurologic and neuropsychological impairment which become more evident only in their second decade of life. Postnatal MRI and detailed genetic analysis may add crucial information to prenatal data and substantially influence final judgment on the outcome and orient clinical management and counseling.
Journal Club Review of "What Is the Persistence to Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Does Machine Learning Outperform Hypothesis‐Based Approaches to Its Prediction?"
Authors: Park Elizabeth
Published: December 2021

Objective

The objectives of this study were to assess the 1‐year persistence to methotrexate (MTX) initiated as the first ever conventional synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug in new‐onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to investigate the marginal gains and robustness of the results by increasing the number and nature of covariates and by using data‐driven, instead of hypothesis‐based, methods to predict this persistence.

Methods

Through the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register, linked to other data sources, we identified a cohort of 5475 patients with new‐onset RA in 2006‐2016 who were starting MTX monotherapy as their first disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug. Data on phenotype at diagnosis and demographics were combined with increasingly detailed data on medical disease history and medication use in four increasingly complex data sets (48‐4162 covariates). We performed manual model building using logistic regression. We also performed five different machine learning (ML) methods and combined the ML results into an ensemble model. We calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and made calibration plots. We trained on 90% of the data, and tested the models on a holdout data set.

Results

Of the 5475 patients, 3834 (70%) remained on MTX monotherapy 1 year after treatment start. Clinical RA disease activity and baseline characteristics were most strongly associated with the outcome. The best manual model had an AUROC of 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60‐0.71). For the ML methods, Lasso regression performed best (AUROC = 0.67; 95% CI 0.62‐0.71).

Conclusion

Approximately two thirds of patients with early RA who start MTX remain on this therapy 1 year later. Predicting this persistence remains a challenge, whether using hypothesis‐based or ML models, and may yet require additional types of data.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/acr2.11266

Westerlind H, Maciejewski M, Frisell T, Jelinsky SA, Ziemek D, Askling J. What is the persistence to methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis, and does machine learning outperform hypothesis‐based approaches to its prediction? ACR Open Rheumatol 2021;3:457‐463.
Flexible Carbon‐Based 3D Conductive Network Structure Blade‐Coated on Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Substrate for Light‐Emitting Electronic Devices
Authors: Wu Yu , Chen Chao , Meng Yuan , Huang Wenjie , Hu Jianfei , Chang Meng , Liu Ziwei , Zhang Qunchao , Jiang Tao , Wu Wei , Cao Xianwu , Shi Dean , Hao Tonghui
Published: December 2021

Herein, the blade‐coated conductive ink on poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate with unique features is demonstrated, aiming at the fabrication of flexible light‐emitting electronic devices. The inks are prepared by combining carbon‐based fillers and epoxy resin to achieve a high‐performance 3D conductive channel network with low resistance. The carbon‐based channels in the conductive composites withstand 2000 bending‐releasing cycles (bending radius of 10 mm); excellent resistance reliability with the value of R/R
0 is 1.059. Moreover, carbon‐based epoxy composites also possess a mechanical fastness under ultrasonic treatment and chemical durability to various organic solvents and have an excellent performance in the application of light‐emitting electronic devices. Here, this work provides a new solution for the development of high‐efficiency, low‐cost, large‐scale production of flexible electronics.
The Introduction of Defects in Ti3C2Tx and Ti3C2Tx‐Assisted Reduction of Graphene Oxide for Highly Selective Detection of ppb‐Level NO2
Authors: Yang Zijie , Zou Hongshuai , Zhang Yueying , Liu Fangmeng , Wang Jing , Lv Siyuan , Jiang Li , Wang Chenguang , Yan Xu , Sun Peng , Zhang Lijun , Duan Yu , Lu Geyu
Published: December 2021

At present, the main gas‐sensing mechanism of oxidized MXene (Ti3C2Tx) is commonly regarded as Schottky barrier modulation, but the influence of surface defects generated by oxidation is ignored and ambiguous. Herein, oxidized Ti3C2Tx crumpled spheres (MS) are obtained, accompanying numerous surface defects through thermal oxidation of MS synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technology and gas‐sensing properties of oxidized MS with Ti3C2Tx/TiO2 crumpled spheres (MT‐10‐1) without new surface defects are compared. It is demonstrated that the significant improvement of the gas‐sensing properties of oxidized MS is due to the introduction of Ti atom defects rather than Ti3C2Tx/TiO2 heterojunction in‐situ generated by oxidation. First‐principles density functional theory calculations show that Ti atom vacancy can greatly improve the adsorption ability of Ti3C2Tx to gases (especially for NO2). Subsequently, with the facile oxidability, Ti3C2Tx is utilized as a reductant to assist the reduction of graphene oxide, and Ti3C2Tx/TiO2/rGO crumpled spheres are subtly designed and successfully synthesized for further enhancing the gas‐sensing performance. The MG‐2‐1 sensor achieves a low detection limit of NO2 (10 ppb), great NO2 selectivity, and high NO2 response. The clarification of the gas‐sensing mechanism of oxidized Ti3C2Tx and the utilization of oxidation of Ti3C2Tx provide a new idea for the application of MXenes.
Injectable Double‐Crosslinked Adhesive Hydrogels with High Mechanical Resilience and Effective Energy Dissipation for Joint Wound Treatment
Authors: Chen Kai , Wu Zihan , Liu Yutong , Yuan Yuan , Liu Changsheng
Published: December 2021

Due to the moist environment and inevitable movement, efficient wound closure and healing of vulnerable joint skin remains a great challenge. Herein, a poly(γ‐glutamic acid)‐crosslinked amino‐functionalized PEGylated poly(glycerol sebacate) (γ‐PGA/PEGS‐NH2) adhesive hydrogel is reported. PEGS‐NH2 and γ‐PGA not only forms covalent amide bonds with biological tissue surfaces to achieve strong moist adhesion but also establishes a stable chemically crosslinked network in bulk hydrogels to resist deformation. Furthermore, bioinspired gallic acid‐modified chitosan (CS‐GA) is introduced to enhance moist adhesion via multiple hydrogen bonds and establish a dynamic physically crosslinked network to dissipate energy. Consequently, this adhesive hydrogel strongly adheres to moist biological tissue, showing an adhesion six times higher than that of fibrin glue and comparable to that of strong cyanoacrylate glue. Moreover, benefiting from high mechanical resilience and effective energy dissipation, 200 cycles of loading–unloading mechanical tests conducted under an adhesive state and a full‐thickness rat skin incision model applied on a dynamic nape further confirmed the desirable dynamic tissue adhesion and wound healing performance. Combining the above ideal features with their good injectability and shape‐adaptability to complex contours, such adhesive hydrogels are demonstrated to be promising candidates for joint wound closure and healing in moist and dynamic physiological environment.