bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation and Analysis of International Demands for Development of Acupuncture-moxibustion Technical Specifications and General Rules for Drafting
Authors: Huo Jin , Chen Zhong-Jie , Gao Qi , Wang Xiao-Yu , Zhang Yi , Hu Jing , Wu Xiao-Dong , WANG Jingjing
Published: April 2020

Background To investigate and analysis of international demands of Chinese and international experts for the development of A cupuncture-moxibustion t echnical s pecifications and G eneral r ules for d rafting.Methods The target of the study was selected from experts in the field of acupuncture-moxibustion standardization and from some acupuncture-moxibustion experts. Questionnaire was developed through Questionnaire Star (wjx.cn). 187 links of target-oriented online questionnaires were sent via E-mail. 102 valid questionnaires returned. Excel was adopted to establish database and analyze the statistics.Results 98.04% of the experts hold that it is necessary to develop the international standard, the Technical Specification of Acupuncture-moxibustion: General Rules for Drafting . A survey on the scope of the existing standards shows that demands of experts inside and outside Chinese mainland are slightly different. Standards of the Chinese mainland highlight commonality. While countries/regions outside the Chinese mainland emphasize on individuality. All experts (inside and outside the Chinese mainland) reach the consensus that importance shall be attached to the common issues concerning acupuncture-moxibustion application process. However, wide discrepancy is found in 3 aspects in terms of ‘relevant terminology’, ‘pre-operative preparation’ and ‘adverse reactions and contraindications’.Conclusions There is a great international demand for developing the international standard of the Technical Specification of Acupuncture-moxibustion: General Rules for Drafting . Ensuring the accuracy of the common problems during the development process, demands of different countries/regions shall be fully considered. Effort shall be given in balance between refining the common problems and meeting the special demands, so as to enhance the international compatibility and applicability.
Percutaneous Endoscopic Unilateral Laminotomy and Bilateral Decompression under 3D Real-Time Image-Guided Navigation for Spinal Stenosis in Degenerative Lumbar Kyphoscoliosis Patient: An Innovative Preliminary Study
Authors: Ho Tsung-Yu , Lin Chung-Wei , Chang Chien-Chun , Chen Hsien-Te , Chen Yen-Jen , Lo Yuan-Shun , Hsiao Pan-Hsuan , Chen Po-Chen , Lin Chih-Sheng , Tsou Hsi-Kai
Published: April 2020

Background The aim of this study is to report a new method of percutaneous endoscopic decompression under 3D real-time image-guided navigation for spinal stenosis in degenerative kyphoscoliosis patients without instability or those who could not endure major surgery due to multiple comorbidities. Decompression along using endoscope for kyphoscoliosis patient is technical demanding and may result in unnecessary bone destruction leading to further instability. With 3D real-time image-guided navigation, we could improve the accuracy of surgery and maintain the spinal stability as preoperative condition. This is the first study which reports on treating spinal stenosis in patients with degenerative kyphoscoliosis using percutaneous endoscope under 3D real-time image-guided navigation. MethodsIn this study, we presented four cases. All patients were over 70 years old with variable degrees of kyphoscoliosis and multiple comorbidity who could not endure major spine fusion surgery. Percutaneous endoscopic unilateral laminotomy and bilateral decompression under 3D real-time image-guided navigation were successfully performed. Intraoperative photos demonstrating this technique are also provided Results All patients were successfully treated with percutaneous endoscopic laminotomy with under 3D real-time image-guided navigation. Post-operative X ray and MRI were arranged and revealed sufficient decompression without any unnecessary bone destruction. All preoperative neurological symptoms improved postoperatively. There is no surgery-related complication such as inadequate decompression, dural tear, iatrogenic neurological injury, uncontrolled epidural hemorrhage, unnecessary bone destruction with further instability. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first preliminary study of percutaneous endoscopic laminotomy under O-arm navigation with successful outcomes. The innovative technique serves as a promising solution in treating spinal stenosis patients with lumbar kyphoscoliosis and multiple comorbidities.
Inverse association of transferrin saturation with mortality risk in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Li Xin , Danielson Kristin , Forsal Innas , Iseri Ken , Dai Lu , Heimbürger Olof , Bárány Peter , Yu Chen , Qureshi Abdu Rashid , Stenvinkel Peter , Lindholm Bengt
Published: April 2020

Background: Transferrin saturation (TSAT) is an indicator of iron deficiency or overload, but its relationship with mortality in patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unclear. We investigated the association of TSAT with mortality in CKD patients. Methods: In 479 CKD patients (97 CKD3-4 patients, 298 CKD5 non-dialysis patients and 84 peritoneal dialysis patients; median age 58 years, 67% males, 33% cardiovascular disease, CVD, and 29% diabetes), biomarkers of iron status (plasma iron, TSAT, transferrin and ferritin), systemic inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein, hsCRP, and interleukin-6, IL-6) and nutritional status were assessed. During median follow-up of 35.6 months, 139 (29%) patients died, and 176 (37%) patients underwent renal transplantation. Patients were stratified into Low (n=157) and Middle and high (n=322) TSAT tertile groups. All-cause and CVD mortality risk were analyzed by competing risk regression with renal transplantation as competing risk. Results: TSAT (median 23%; interquartile range, 17-30%) was negatively associated with presence of diabetes and CVD, body mass index, hsCRP, IL-6, erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA) dose, erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) and iron supplementation, and positively associated with hemoglobin, ferritin and s-albumin. In competing risk analysis, low tertile of TSAT was independently associated with increased all-cause mortality risk (sHR=1.74, 95%CI 1.30-2.54) and CVD mortality risk (sHR=1.80, 95%CI 1.02-3.16) after fully adjusting for 1-standard deviation (SD) of age, sex, CKD stages, 1-SD of hemoglobin, 1-SD of ferritin, 1-SD of hsCRP, 1-SD of ESA dose and iron supplementation. Conclusions: Lower TSAT indicating iron deficiency was independently associated with increased mortality risk in CKD patients, underlining that iron status should be considered when evaluating clinical outcomes of CKD patients.
Circulating exosome-derived miR-191-5p is a novel therapeutic biomarker for radiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: WANG HUAN , Kano Masayuki , Matsumoto Yasunori , Toyozumi Takeshi , Endo Satoshi , Suito Hiroshi , Kamata Toshiki , Okada Koichiro , Shiraishi Tadashi , Liu HongXu , Ryuzaki Takahiro , Hirasawa Soichiro , Yokoyama Masaya , Kinoshita Kazuya , Iida Keiko , Murakami Kentaro , Sakata Haruhito , Matsubara Hisahiro
Published: April 2020

Background: Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles and are detectable in most body fluids. Circulating exosomal microRNAs are an easily obtained, and they could be minimally invasive biomarker for cancer treatment. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive carcinomas. Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatment option for ESCC, and it would thus be extremely crucial to predict therapeutic sensitivity and the patient prognosis in advance. Methods: A search for miRNAs with a therapeutic biomarker in ESCC was performed using the miRNA expression signatures obtained from ESCC plasma before radiotherapy. miR-191-5p was selected because it was found to be associated with the prognosis in ESCC based on the findings of previous reports. As a result, we decided to perform more studies to elucidate the significance of miR-191-5p. Gain-of-function analyses were performed to evaluate the functional significance of miR-191-5p in ESCC progression. The effects of miR-191-5p on ESCC radiosensitivity were determined by cell proliferation, a clonogenic survival assay and an apoptosis assay. A gene set enrichment analysis was used to investigate the downstream signaling pathway related to the miR-191-5p functions. The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was used to directly compare the usefulness of these biomarkers for determining the patient prognosis between the miR-191-5p high expression patients and low expression patients. Results: A subset of seven microRNAs (miR-628, miR-363, miR-191-5p, miR-185, miR-148a, miR-320d, miR-30e) was identified to be candidates of therapeutic biomarker for ESCC patients underwent radiotherapy in a global microRNA expression analysis. A high miR-191-5p expression promoted ESCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induced G0/G1 to S/G2M transition. miRNA-191-5p overexpression promoted cell survival and reduced cell apoptosis after irradiation. Mechanistically, miR-191-5p may directly target death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) to induce radiation resistance via the MAPK-JNK pathway. The 5-year progression-free survival rate for ESCC patients who underwent radiotherapy with high circulating exosomal miR-191-5p expression was significantly lower than in those with a low expression. Conclusion: Tumor-derived exosomal miR-191-5p is a potential non-invasive biomarker for predicting the prognosis in esophageal cancer patients after radiotherapy.
Effect of Milling Time, Doping Concentration and Temperature on the Structural, Microstructural and Optical Properties of Cu Doped ZnO Nanoceramics
Authors: Das Bikram Keshari , Das Tanushree , Parashar Kajal , Parashar SKS , Kumar Rajeev , V. Anupama A. , Sahoo Balaram
Published: April 2020

In this work, high energy ball milling (HEBM) technique has been employed to successfully synthesize a series of Cu-doped ZnO nanoceramics (Zn 1-x Cu x O) with Cu concentration x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04. The synthesized nanoceramic was analysed by XRD, FESEM, TEM, Uv-Vis-DRS. The structural, microstructural and optical properties of the synthesized sample with different duration of milling, doping concentration and temperature has been investigated. X-ray diffraction result indicates that the samples are wurtzite structure with single phase. A decrease in peak intensity was observed with increase in milling time. 10h milled Cu doped ZnO sample shows single phase. After calcination at 900 ºC in x = 0.04 few peaks related to CuO was observed indicating the solubility limit of Cu in ZnO is 3 atomic%. With increase in milling time crystallite decreases where as strain increases however after calcination crystallite increases where as strain decreases. After calcination peak intensity increases. The specific surface area of ZnO increases after Cu doping but decreases after calcination. Bond length decreases after calcination but lattice distortion increases. FESEM micrograph shows particle growth after calcination. The average particle size decreases with increase in Cu concentration(30 nm to 20 nm) whereas increases after calcination and sintering (488 nm-2706 nm).The band gap decreases with increasing in milling time also with increase in Cu concentration and after calcination. Cu doping in ZnO shows red shift indicating Cu doped ZnO samples are suitable for optoelectronic device applications.
Extracellular vesicles from deciduous pulp stem cells recover bone loss by regulating telomerase activity in an osteoporosis mouse model
Authors: Sonoda Soichiro , Murata Sara , Nishida Kento , Kato Hiroki , Uehara Norihisa , Kyumoto Yukari N. , Yamaza Haruyoshi , Takahashi Ichiro , Kukita Toshio , Yamaza Takayoshi
Published: April 2020

Background: Systemic transplantation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) induces bone regeneration in animal models of osteoporosis; however, the mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Here, we hypothesized that trophic factors within SHED-releasing extracellular vesicles (SHED-EVs) rescue osteoporotic phenotype.Methods: EVs were isolated from culture supernatant of SHED. SHED-EVs were treated with or without ribonuclease and systemically administrated into ovariectomized mice, followed by the measurement of bone regenerative function of recipient bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) including Tert expression. Subsequently, human BMMSCs were stimulated by SHED-EVs with or without ribonuclease treatment, and then human BMMSCs were examined osteogenic function in vitro and telomerase activity. Furthermore, SHED-EVs treated human BMMSCs were subcutaneously transplanted into dorsal skin of immunocompromised mice with hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) careers and analyzed the de novo bone forming ability.Results: We revealed that systemic SHED-EV-infusion recovered bone volume in ovariectomized mice and improved osteogenic function of recipient BMMSCs by rescuing the mRNA levels of Tert and telomerase activity. Ribonuclease treatment depleted RNAs, including microRNAs, within SHED-EVs and these RNA-depleted SHED-EVs attenuated SHED-EV-triggered bone regeneration and telomerase-mediated osteogenesis in the ovariectomized mice. These findings were supported by in vitro osteogenic assays using human BMMSCs incubated with SHED-EVs.Conclusion: Collectively, our findings suggest that SHED-secreted trophic factors, specifically microRNAs, play a crucial role in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis by targeting the telomerase activity of recipient BMMSCs.
Substrate competition contributes to the niche differentiation between ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea in ammonium-rich alkaline soils
Authors: Yin Chang , Fan Xiaoping , Chen Hao , Ye Mujun , Yan Guochao , Li Tingqiang , Peng Hongyun , E Shengzhe , Che Zongxian , Wakelin Steven A. , Liang Yongchao
Published: April 2020

Background The niche differentiation between ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) has been believed to primarily stem from their disparities in substrate affinity and tolerance threshold for ammonia, such that the latter group dominates in ammonium-rich neutral-alkaline soils. However, recent surveys indicate that direct competition between them might be of importance in driving this phenomenon. As such, diverse AOA lineages might grow in ammonium-rich alkaline arable soils if AOB growth was suppressed. To test this hypothesis, a microcosm study using three alkaline arable soils differing substantially in biogeochemical properties was established in which high ammonium concentration (200 μg N g -1 dry soil) was maintained by routinely replenishing urea, and activities of AOB were selectively inhibited by 1-octyne or 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP). The dynamics of AOA and AOB population were monitored throughout the incubation. Results Our results suggested that amendment with either 1-octyne or DMPP retarded the growth of AOB to varying extents, but AOA proliferation accelerated in both treatments; this fitted well with the magnitude to which AOB growth was inhibited. Unexpectedly, nearly identical AOA OTUs were enriched by high-ammonium amendment across the soils tested, and they were taxonomically related to Nitrososphaera sp. JG1, N. viennensis EN76, and N. garnensis . These phylotypes have been previously demonstrated to be sensitive to high ammonia concentrations adopted here. Besides, the changed OTUs in the same lineage of AOA showed a similar response pattern to a given treatment across soils. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that some AOA phylotypes occupy a wider niche than previously believed, and it is the competitiveness for ammonia rather than disparities in substrate affinity and tolerance threshold for ammonia that drives niche differentiation between these AOA and AOB in ammonium-rich alkaline soils. These results further expand our understanding of microbial nitrogen cycling in the terrestrial environment.
Review of the monograph «Scientific bases of radiation protection in modern medicine» Volume 1 «Radiation diagnostics»
Authors: Baltrukova T. B.
Published: April 2020

This article presents the review on the monograph “Scientific bases of radiation protection in modern medicine “volume 1” X-ray diagnostics “ by M.I. Balonov, V.Yu. Golikov, A.V. Vodovatov, L.A. Chipiga, I.A. Zvonova, S.A. Kalnitsky, S.S. Sarycheva, I.G. Shatsky, edited by Professor M.I. Balonov. – St.-Petersburg Institute of Radiation Hygiene after prof. P.V. Ramzaev, 2019. Due to the increasing use of ionizing radiation in medicine, implementation of new imaging modalities and equipment, increase of the patient and staff doses, the aspects of their radiation protection are very relevant. The monograph is based on the analysis of data from national and foreign studies, as well as the data from own research conducted in the laboratory of radiation hygiene of medical facilities of the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene named after Professor P. V. Ramzayev for almost 20 years. It reflects the current trends in radiation protection for various imaging modalities and it will be useful to a wide range of readers, especially specialists in the field of X-ray diagnostics and radiation hygiene.
Dosimetry of external population exposure: a comparison of the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents
Authors: Golikov V. Yu.
Published: April 2020

The paper is devoted to comparing the models and the doses of the population external exposure from radioactive fallout after the accident at the Chernobyl and Fukushima-1 NPPs estimated with their help. In the case of the Fukushima-1 accident, the model proposed by the UNSCEAR was used. Both the values of the doses of gamma radiation in the environment and the values of the effective doses of external exposure of comparable population groups normalized to the same surface activity of radionuclides were close for both accidents. The reasons for this are both the similarity of the isotopic compositions of the radioactive fallout and the fact that the “Japanese” model of external exposure was based on the “Chernobyl” model up to using the same numerical values for some parameters, due to the lack of specific Japanese post-accident data for the moment of the first dose estimates for the inhabitants of Japan. For a more accurate comparison of the external exposure of residents after two accidents it is necessary to verify the values of the parameters of the Japanese model using the results of measurements of gamma radiation dose rates in the environment and individual external doses of the residents after the accident at the Fukushima-1 NPP.
The influence of nitric oxide synthases inhibitor Т1023 on the development of radiation pneumofibrosis in rats
Authors: Saburova A. S. , Filimonova M. V. , Yuzhakov V. V. , Shevchenko L. I. , Yakovleva N. D. , Bandurko L. N. , Koretskaya A. E. , Fomina N. K. , Saburov V. O. , Filimonov A. S.
Published: April 2020

The purpose of the work was to study the ability of the NOS inhibitor T1023 to prevent late radiation injuries. Methods: the effects of T1023 (75 mg / kg, once i.p. 30 minutes before the irradiation) on the development of post-radiation pulmonitis and pneumofibrosis in rats with thoracic exposure to g-radiation at  a dose of 12.5 Gy were studied histopathologically and morphometrically. The results of the studies showed that there wasn’t a significant objective effect of T1023 on the development of early radiation-induced lung injuries  (9 weeks after irradiation). But it prevented late radiation induced lung injuaries (26 weeks after irradiation) – there were a significant lesser pathomorphological manifestations of post-radiation pulmonitis, proliferation of connective tissue and the development of fibrotic changes in the lung parenchyma. At this stage, the action of T1023 clearly contributed to the preservation of the normal histostructure of the lungs, reducing by 40% the content of compaction zones in the parenchyma. The ability of the NOS inhibitor T1023 to significantly limit the development of lungs late radiation reaction confirms the promise of further development  of this compound as a means for prevention radiation therapy complications.
On the issue of the methodology of quantitative assessment of radiation risk
Authors: Sakovich V. A.
Published: April 2020

Peculiarity of various methodology aspects for estimate radiation risk in dependence of using area are discussed in this article; perspective of the estimate perfection is discussed too. It is consideration such area of using as medico-biology, epidemiology, radiation protection, medical exposure. The opinion expressed that it is difficult to insert subjectively-psychological perception of risk in the methodology. It is generalized systematically author’s methodological judgement, which been published before. The article contain discussion moment, which is inevitable in given theme.
Russian Emotive Verbs in the Semantic Classification of Predicates
Authors: Kukatova O. A.
Published: April 2020

The present research features predicates expressed by Russian reflexive emotive verbs. The paper focuses on statements containing reflexive emotive verbs and their convertible correlates, e.g. volnovatsia – volnovat, trevozhitsia – trevozhit, serditsia – serdit, etc. The research objective was to determine the place of these pairs of emotive verbs in the semantic classification of predicates of the Russian language. The author used the method of semantic testing for localization / non-localization on time axis and controllability / non-controllability. The method made it possible to assign these predicates to a particular class, as well as to reveal in their semantic structure a derived value that has not been fixed by explanatory dictionaries. As a result, the predicates were split into two semantic classes, i.e. properties and states. The division was confirmed by semantic tests for localization / non-localization on time axis and controllability / non-controllability. According to the tests, the predicates expressed by the convergent pairs of emotive verbs were included in the group of state predicates, due to their localization on the time axis. The semantic sign of uncontrollability was inherent in the studied predicates of the state in their emotive meaning. Acquisition by these predicates of the meaning "purposeful activity", "imitation of an emotional state", "opportunity, duty", and, accordingly, the sign of controllability made it possible to classify them as a group of activity predicates.
Police Department in the Kuznetsk, Barnaul, and Biysk Districts (Parishes) in the Second Half of the XIX Century
Authors: Moskvitin Yu. N.
Published: April 2020

The research featured the changes associated with the abolition of serfdom, which affected the law enforcement system of the state and, most of all, the police. In Siberia, police reforms were conducted several years after they had been introduced in the Central European part of the state. While the reforming of the police system of the Tomsk province was inevitable, the process was especially difficult for three parishes (uyezds), namely, Kuznetsky, Barnaul, and Biysk. The problem was that on these territories there were eight mining areas, or volosts: two in Barnaul (Pavlovsk and Suzun), one in the Kuznetsk (Salair), and five in Biysk (Loktev, Kolyvansk, Riddersk, Zmeinogorsk, and Zyryanovsk). The abolishment of the mining police in the mining volosts predetermined some specifics of the local police forces. In the newly emerging conditions of interaction between the authorities of the Altai mining district and Tomsk, contradictions often arose on the issues of appointment to the posts of police officials in mining villages. Each institution wanted to gain control over the population of the volosts. When municipal and district (uyezd) police had to merge together under the command of the uniform police officer, this process was also extremely painful. In the post-reform period, the tsarist government sought to adapt existing rules to new conditions. As a result, provincial audits became one of the forms of control over the activities of police officers. However, the autocracy failed to start a comprehensive reform of the police in order to relieve the burden of extrinsic functions.
Reproducing different types of changes in hydrological indicators with rainfall-runoff models
Authors: Massmann Carolina
Published: April 2020

Hydrological indicators support analyses about the impact of climate and anthropogenic changes on riverine ecosystems. As these studies often rely on hydrological models for estimating the future value of the indicators, it is important to investigate how well, and under which conditions, we can replicate changes in the indicators. This study looks at these questions by investigating the performance that can be achieved depending on the objective function for calibrating the model, the direction of the change in the indicator, the magnitude of this change and the properties of the catchments. The results indicate that, in general, indicators describing the magnitude of discharge (monthly and annual) can be adequately estimated with hydrological models, but that there are difficulties when estimating the characteristics of flow pulses, flow reversals and timing variables. For some of these indicators, it is not even possible to correctly estimate the direction of large changes. The analysis showed further that these problems cannot be resolved by adjusting the calibrated parameters, but that the model structure is unsuitable for modelling these indicators.
Assessment of actions to tackle the shortages of water in La Paz, Bolivia
Authors: Rivero Norah Patricia Panozo , Morais Danielle Costa , Pereira Leydiana de Sousa
Published: April 2020

Water scarcity is a persistent problem in diverse regions of the world. This study focuses on the extreme scarcity of water affecting La Paz, a municipality in the west of Bolivia. The intense drought of the last few decades and the inadequate management of water utilities have impacted several factors. Within this context, this study identified that establishing efficient water resource management is essential to guarantee social welfare. The researchers analyzed the scarcity of water in La Paz by using the Strategic Choice Approach, which is a problem structuring method based on a strategic process that takes different types of uncertainty into account. The results of this study revealed decision actions and uncertainties in two categories: the present and the future. The outputs enabled a strategic plan to be drawn up that tackles the scarcity of water responsibly and equitably. Innovation and investment in ways to reuse water are fundamental to developing a responsible solution.
Struvite formation associated with the microalgae biofilm matrix of a rotating algal biofilm reactor (RABR) during nutrient removal from municipal wastewater
Authors: Hillman Kyle M. , Sims Ronald C.
Published: April 2020

Struvite was observed within the microalgae biofilm matrix of an outdoor, pilot-scale rotating algal biofilm reactor (RABR) designed to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from municipal anaerobic digester filtrate. The bottom layer of cells (2.5-month growth) and two top layers of cells (1-week and 2.5-month growth) were evaluated on east- and west-facing sides of the RABR. Sun orientation and shading effects of upper biofilm layers impacted the species composition and microalgae content of the bottom biofilm layers. Struvite formed within the microalgae biofilm matrix, and a higher struvite content appeared to be correlated with a higher microalgae content. The highest struvite content (expressed as %wt. of total solids) was observed in the east- and west-facing bottom layers of growth and west-facing 1-week growth (5.0%, 4.3%, and 4.1%, respectively). The lowest struvite content was observed in east- and west-facing 2.5-month growth and east-facing 1-week growth (1.1%, 1.5%, and 1.1%, respectively). Despite RABR influent component ion molar ratios with potential for various magnesium and calcium precipitates, microalgae biofilm provided pH and nucleation sites favorable to struvite precipitation. This evaluation is the first in the refereed literature the authors are aware of that reports on the association of struvite formation in the presence of a microalgae biofilm.
Assessment of novel rotating bipolar multiple disc electrode electrocoagulation–flotation and pulsed plasma corona discharge for the treatment of textile dyes
Authors: Nippatlapalli Narasamma , Philip Ligy
Published: April 2020

The current study evaluates the performance of the designed novel electrolytic reactor with rotating bipolar multiple disc electrode (RBDE) in the electrocoagulation–flotation (EC-F) process and a pulsed plasma reactor for the removal of toxic textile dyes. Two different classes of dyes, Methyl Orange (MO), an azo group of dye, and Reactive Blue 19 (RB19), a reactive group of dye, were selected. Efficient removal of both the dyes at a faster rate was obtained with the designed RBDE reactor compared to the EC-F process with static electrodes. RB19 and MO were completely decolourized (100%) within 2 min of electrolysis time with rotating and 6 min with static (non-rotating) electrodes, respectively. Similarly, the maximum chemical oxygen demand removal of 86.4% and 93.2% was obtained for RB19 and MO, respectively, with the rotating electrode EC-F process. On the other hand, complete decolourization was obtained in 10 min and 12 min of pulsed corona discharge for MO (50 mg/L) and RB19 (50 mg/L), respectively. The comparison studies of RBDE and pulsed power plasma reactor (PPT) showed that MO removal was faster than RB19 removal in both RBDE EC-F and PPT processes. Relatively long treatment time was needed for RB19 compared to MO due to its complexity of structure and high solubility. RB19 and MO were completely degraded through pulsed corona discharge without any sludge production. The results show that the designed RBDE reactor performed much better than existing conventional electrocoagulation reactors. The RBDE reactor can be used as a pre-treatment unit for industrial wastewater, which can improve the treatment efficiency and reduces the energy consumption. Plasma technology showed complete degradation of pollutant without sludge production. The formation of a wide variety of reactive oxygen species during corona discharge helps in degrading the pollutants. Plasma technology can be used as a secondary treatment system along with the RBDE as pre-treatment process for complex industrial wastewaters. This will improve the quality of treated effluent and reduce the overall cost of treatment.
Empleo y demanda efectiva en la actividad textil, prendas de vestir e industria del cuero de la economía mexicana
Authors: Varela Llamas Rogelio , Castillo Ponce Ramón
Published: April 2020

El presente trabajo analiza el impacto de la demanda efectiva sobre el nivel de ocupación en las 51 clases de actividad económica que conforman el subsector 32 de la industria manufacturera en México. Específicamente, se procura identificar las clases de actividad económica que presentan una probabilidad aceptable de potenciar el empleo por encima del promedio del subsector. Para tal efecto, se estiman tres modelos de elección discreta: uno de probabilidad lineal, un Logit y un Probit. Esto con el interés de contrastar resultados alternativos y seleccionar el modelo más idóneo para explicar la relación analítica indicada. Los resultados empíricos indican que el modelo Probit exhibe el mejor ajuste para explicar la capacidad de generar empleos. Palabras clave: empleo, demanda efectiva, modelo de probabilidad lineal, modelo Logit, modelo Probit.
Land Markets and its Effects on the Spatial Segregation: The Case of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico
Authors: Fuentes César M. , Cervera Luis E.
Published: April 2020

The objective of this article is to analyze the land market imperfec-tions and their effect on spatial segregation. It uses a spatial approach through the construction of socio-spatial segregation and infrastructure deficit indexes. The principal component element was used to estimate the socio-spatial in-dexes at the AGEB scale. The data used to calculate the indexes was obtained from the XII Population and Housing Census at census tracts level. The result show that the city suffers from spatial segregation caused mainly by land market imperfections. The land market is not able to ensure an adequate supply at affordable prices and as a result, the biggest sufferers have been the urban poor. The lack of access to urban land has pushed low income inhabitants to the outer limits of the urban core: low value areas without public infrastructure.
Las fronteras entre poder, estado y medios de comunicación masiva desde la teoría crítica
Authors: Ortiz Marín Manuel
Published: April 2020

Se presenta una concepción de poder, desde la mirada de la Teoría Crítica, que permite comprender el complejo tejido que engarzan las relaciones de poder a la mayoría de las actividades humanas. Asimismo se aborda el papel del Estado como elemento regulador de las distintas fuerzas de carácter institucional que operan en su interior como estructuras de poder y la función que cumplen los medios de comunicación masiva en la complejidad de las sociedades modernas.
Violencia y desplazamiento: hacia una interpretación de carácter regional y local. El caso de Risaralda y su capital Pereira
Authors: Martínez Herrera Luis Adolfo
Published: April 2020

En la presente disertación se realiza un análisis de los fenómenos de violencia que se experimentan en el departamento de Risaralda y su capital Pereira. La reflexión planteada se construye a la luz de una mirada histórica, una caracterización de la violencia y algunas de sus explicaciones causales, una reflexión realizada tomando como referencia el territorio y sus múltiples escenarios que conjugan cruces de actores, intereses y dominios territoriales, un proceso migratorio por violencia que materializa las secuelas del conflicto y una mirada local que reconoce en las sociedades globalizadas, nuevos escenarios de conflictos no regulados por el Estado-Nación. El análisis realizado, permite reconocer las lógicas territoriales de control y dominio, conjuga explicaciones estructurales que manifiestan continuidades y discontinuidades que afectan de manera diferenciada a la población del departamento. La reflexión permite reconocer nuevas preguntas que podrían orientar futuras investigaciones en la región.
Los actores y la privatización del servicio de limpia en Ciudad a Juárez , Chihuahua
Authors: Córdova Bojórquez Gustavo , Romo Aguilar Lourdes , Sarabia Ríos Cecilia , Arcos Israel Díaz
Published: April 2020

El presente trabajo ofrece un análisis de las posibilidades de que se implemente con éxito un sistema de concesión del servicio de recolección y confinamiento de los residuos sólidos urbanos no peligrosos en Ciudad Juárez. La identificación de las posturas de los diferentes actores que generan la ciudad a través de una revisión hemerográfica, una encuesta aleatoria a hogares y entrevistas a líderes de opinión nos permitió establecer que existe una alta politización en el manejo de la basura en la ciudad que obstaculiza implementar alternativas que exigen invariablemente eficiencia, eficacia, transparencia y participación ciudadana.
Focus on the Use of Resveratrol as an Adjuvant in Glioblastoma Therapy
Authors: Dionigi Lamberto , Ragonese Francesco , Monarca Lorenzo , Covino Stefano , de Luca Antonella , Iannitti Rossana G. , Bastioli Federica , Moulas Anargyros N. , Allegretti Marcello , Fioretti Bernard
Published: April 2020

Glioblastoma (GB) represents the most common and malignant form of glioma cancer. The Gold Standard
in Glioblastoma is neurosurgical tumor removal and radiotherapy treatment in concomitant with temozolomide
(TMZ). Unfortunately, because of tumor chemo and radio-resistance during this therapy, the patient’s
outcome remains very poor, with a median overall survival of about 14.6 months. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol
with a stilbene structure with chemopreventive and anticancer properties. In the present review, we evaluated
data from preclinical studies conducted with resveratrol as a possible adjuvant during the standard protocol
of GB. Resveratrol can reach the brain parenchyma at sub-micromolar concentrations when administrated through
conventional routes. In this way, resveratrol reduces cell invasion and increases the efficacy of radiotherapy (radiosensitizer
effects) and temozolomide. The molecular mechanism of the adjuvant action of resveratrol may
depend upon the reduction of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB axis and downstream targets O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase
(MGMT) and metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). It has been reported that redox signaling plays an important
role in the regulation of autophagy. Resveratrol administration by External Carotid Artery (ECA) injection or
by Lumbar Puncture (LP) can reach micromolar concentrations in tumor mass where it would inhibit tumor
growth by STAT-3 dependent mechanisms. Preclinical evidences indicate a positive effect on the use of resveratrol
as an adjuvant in anti-GB therapy. Ameliorated formulations of resveratrol with a favorable plasmatic profile
for a better brain distribution and timing sequences during radio and chemotherapy could represent a critical
aspect for resveratrol use as an adjuvant for a clinical evaluation.
Cardiovascular Benefits of Extended-Time Nocturnal Hemodialysis
Authors: Roumeliotis Athanasios , Roumeliotis Stefanos , Chan Christopher , Pierratos Andreas
Published: April 2020

Hemodialysis (HD) remains the most utilized treatment for End-Stage Kidney Disease
(ESKD) globally, mainly as conventional HD administered in 4 h sessions thrice weekly. Despite advances
in HD delivery, patients with ESKD carry a heavy cardiovascular morbidity and mortality burden.
This is associated with cardiac remodeling, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), myocardial stunning,
hypertension, decreased heart rate variability, sleep apnea, coronary calcification and endothelial
dysfunction. Therefore, intensive HD regimens closer to renal physiology were developed. They include
longer, more frequent dialysis or both. Among them, Nocturnal Hemodialysis (NHD), carried out at
night while asleep, provides efficient dialysis without excessive interference with daily activities. This
regimen is closer to the physiology of the native kidneys. By providing increased clearance of small and
middle molecular weight molecules, NHD can ameliorate uremic symptoms, control hyperphosphatemia
and improve quality of life by allowing a liberal diet and free time during the day. Lastly, it improves
reproductive biology leading to successful pregnancies. Conversion from conventional to NHD is followed
by improved blood pressure control with fewer medications, regression of LVH, improved LV
function, improved sleep apnea, and stabilization of coronary calcifications. These beneficial effects
have been associated, among others, with better extracellular fluid volume control, improved endothelial-
dependent vasodilation, decreased total peripheral resistance, decreased plasma norepinephrine levels
and restoration of heart rate variability. Some of these effects represent improvements in outcomes
used as surrogates of hard outcomes related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this review,
we consider the cardiovascular effects of NHD.
Role of Neurochemicals in Schizophrenia
Authors: Singh Sher , Khanna Deepa , Kalra Sanjeev
Published: April 2020

Background:

Schizophrenia is a complex, unpredictable and severe psychiatric disorder, which affects several domains of cognition, behavior and characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Etiology of schizophrenia represents the involvement of environmental factors, role of genes, social stressors, like discrimination or economic hardship, relationships, childhood difficulty, use of cannabis in adolescence, maternal stress, nutritional deficiencies, maternal infections, intrauterine growth retardation, and complications of pregnancy, while pathophysiology represents dysfunctional neurotransmission of dopamine, stress-associated signaling cascades (gabanergic, glutamatergic, cholinergic, serotonin, and adrenergic singling cascades) and enzymatic changes (acetylcholinesterase, catechol-o-methyl-transferase, monoamine oxidase, and phosphodiesterase).

Objective:

The objective of the current review is to determine the role of pathophysiological hypothesis impairments leading to positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Methods:

Various pathophysiological hypotheses of schizophrenia were identified through searching relevant databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to the year 2019, using the keywords schizophrenia, role of dopamine, acetylcholine, oxidative stress, and inflammation in schizophrenia.

Result:

Alterations in the neurotransmission of dopamine, stress-associated signaling cascades (Gabanergic, glutamatergic, cholinergic, serotonin, and adrenergic singling cascades) and enzymatic changes (acetylcholinesterase, catechol-o-methyl-transferase, monoamine oxidase, and phosphodiesterase) were compiled in this review for easy learning of Schizophrenia.

Conclusion:

Schizophrenia is a major illness defined by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized behavior, and cognitive difficulties such as memory loss. This review aims to provide a brief overview of neurotransmitter role as well as other pathophysiological alterations in schizophrenia. A focus on more predictive animal models and specific biomarkers for positive, negative and cognitive symptoms will help to identify and develop novel therapeutic agents with fewer side effects.
STRENGTHENING ISLAMIC BEHAVIOR AND ISLAMIC PSYCHOSOCIAL IN DEVELOPING PROFESSIONAL MADRASAH TEACHERS
Authors: Tambak Syahraini , Sukenti Desi
Published: April 2020

Studies on professional madrasah teachers have been widely explored, but its development from the religious aspect is still limited, while professional teachers are needed in the development of quality madrasah education. This research focused on developing professional teacher of Madrasah Aliyah by strengthening Islamic behavior and Islamic psychosocial. Using ex post facto research design and involving 397 Madrasah Aliyah teachers in 12 regencies/cities of Riau Province, Indonesia. A questionnaires were made to measure Islamic behavior and Islamic psychosocial and tests to measure professional madrasah teachers. The data were analyzed using inferential statistics. The findings of this research revealed that mastery of Islamic behavior and Islamic psychosocial contributes to developing professional madrasah teachers in carrying out teaching profession. Islamic behavior and Islamic psychosocial, specifically, is predicted to improve professional madrasah teachers. However, Islamic behavior has a higher contribution than Islamic psychosocial. This study concludes that professional madrasah teachers can be developed significantly by strengthening Islamic behavior and Islamic psychosocial in madrasah teachers. This research contributes to the Director General of Islamic Education of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia in taking the policy to develop professional madrasah teachers in Indonesia and design lecture materials for prospective madrasah teachers.
“I’M A SUPERHERO”: INCREASING STUDENTS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL THROUGH STORYTELLING
Authors: Prihatsanti Unika , Ratnaningsih Ika Zenita , Prasetyo Anggun Resdasari
Published: April 2020

Psychological capital as a positive psychological characteristic that reflected through several components such self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience is important to adjust the changes that experienced by freshmen in a college. Storytelling is a form of communication that allows the listener to fully immerse in the content of the story and experience the emotions felt by the characters. This study aims to determine the effect of storytelling activities use “I’m a Superhero” module to increase students’ psychological capital. Quasi-experimental methods were used in the study that involving 127 first-year college students. The subjects of this study divided into two groups, 56 for the experimental group and 71 for the control group. The interventions were done for 22 days divided into six sessions and described in "I'm a Superhero" module. The analysis results using an independent sample t-test showed that there was a difference between experiment and control groups (t(125) = 5.176; p < .01). It shows that the storytelling activity is the potential to be an alternative media to increasing students' psychological capital so that the freshmen more independent and quickly adjust to change.
SWIMMING CRAWL STYLE: THE EFFECT OF PURE OR PROGRESSIVE METHOD AND LEVEL OF BODY FAT
Authors: Subagyo Subagyo , Guntur Guntur , Alim Abdul
Published: April 2020

The crawl style is a freestyle which is frequently used in national and international competitions. However, this swimming style requires much attention because of its complexity. On the other hand, it is very beneficial despite the facts that athletes do not like it. The objectives of this research were to examine the significant difference between two teaching methods: the pure and the progressive teaching methods. The sample of this study were 32 male students from a junior high school in Yogyakarta. The sample were divided into two groups with 16 students in the control group and 16 students in the experimental group. The data in this study were collected through a measurement on the students crawl style basic movements and the body fat level. The data were subsequently analyzed with independent sample t-test and correlation by the means of SPSS version 23. The result showed that there was a significant difference of basic movement score between the pure method and progressive method learning with p value of 0.03 < 0.05. The level of fat was not a constraint on both methods of teaching. High and low fat were positively correlated on both methods with the strength of the correlation was very high. In conclusion progressive method was better method to teach crawl style compared to the pure method of teaching because it gave many benefits for learners compared to the pure method teaching, regardless the level of the body fat.
CULTIVATING MARINE LEADERSHIP CHARACTER THROUGH MULTICULTURAL BOARDING-SCHOOL SYSTEM
Authors: Ubaidillah Aan Fardani , Bafadal Ibrahim , Ulfatin Nurul , Supriyanto Achmad
Published: April 2020

The internalization of character values in the boarding-schools should ideally be designed to answering the challenges of the context of Indonesia as a multicultural country. This study aims to reconstruct the character cultivation through the multicultural boarding school system as an internalization model of marine leadership characters. This study employed a single-holistic case study in a Senior High School of Taruna Nala, East Java, Indonesia, that implemented a boarding school system. The data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentary analysis, and the results was presented interactively. The data sources studied were determined by purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The data validity was tested with four criteria: credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability. This study found that the character of maritime leadership is the reponsive (tanggap), tough (tanggon), and agile (trengginas) as unique-intelligent characters that must be mastered by senior high schools in Indonesia as a maritime country. To make it happens, the internalization of character values can be done through a cultivation model, like in planting, consisting of: (1) determining the goals, (2) the seeds selection, (3) land cultivation, (4) planting the seeds, (5) maintenance, and (6) fertilization. The model is carried out in full through the boarding system education system.