bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic analysis of the contribution of c-myc mRNA constituents upon cap and IRES mediated translation
Authors: Meristoudis Christos , Trangas Theoni , Lambrianidou Andromachi , Papadopoulos Vasilios , Dimitriadis Euthymios , Courtis Nelly , Ioannidis Panayotis
Published: July 2015

Fine tuning of c-MYC expression is critical for its action and is achieved by several regulatory mechanisms. The contribution of c-mycmRNA regulatory sequences on its translational control has been investigated individually. However, putative interactions have not been addressed so far. The effect of these interactions upon the translatability of monocistronic and bicistronic chimaeric mRNAs, carrying combinations of the c-mycmRNA 5′-untranlated region (UTR), 3′-UTR, and coding region instability element (CRD) was investigated on this study. The presence of the 5′-UTR induced an increase in translatability of 50%. The presence of the CRD element, when in frame, reduced translatability by approximately 50%, regardless of the expression levels of the wild type CRD- binding protein (CRD-BP/IMP1). Conversely, overexpression of a mutated CRD-BP/IMP1 (Y396F) further impeded translation of the chimaeric mRNAs carrying its cognate sequences. The presence of the c-myc3′-UTR increased translatability by approximately 300% affecting both cap and c-mycinternal ribosome entry site (IRES) mediated translation. In addition, 3′-UTR rescued the cap mediated translation in the presence of the polyadenylation inhibitor cordycepin. Furthermore, the 3′-UTR rescued cap mediated translation under metabolic stress conditions and this was enhanced in the absence of a long poly (A) tail.
RSM Based Investigations on the Effects of Cutting Parameters on Surface Integrity during Cryogenic Hard Turning of AISI 52100
Authors: Shihab Suha K. , Khan Zahid A. , Siddiquee Arshad Noor
Published: July 2015

Effect of cryogenic hard turning parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut) on surface roughness (Ra) and micro-hardness (µH) that constitute surface integrity (SI) of the machined surface of alloy steel AISI 52100 is investigated. Multilayer hard surface coated (TiN/TiCN/Al2O3/TiN) insert on CNC lathe is used for turning under different cutting parameters settings. RSM based Central composite design (CCD) of experiment is used to collect data for Ra and µH. Validity of assumptions related to the collected data is checked through several diagnostic tests. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to determine main and interaction effects. Relationship between the variables is established using quadratic regression model. Both Ra and µH are influenced principally by the cutting speed and the feed rate. Model equations are found to predict accurate values of Ra and µH. Finally, desirability function approach for multiple response optimization is used to produce optimum SI.
On the different formalisms for the transport equations of thermoelectricity: A review
Authors: Manzanares José A. , Jokinen Miikka , Cervera Javier
Published: July 2015

Researchers in thermoelectricity with backgrounds in non-equilibrium
thermodynamics, thermoelectric engineering or condensed-matter physics tend
to use different choices of flux densities and generalized forces. These
choices are seldom justified from either the dissipation function or the
entropy production rate. Because thermoelectric phenomena are a primary
focus in several emerging fields, particularly in recent energy-oriented
developments, a review of the different formalisms employed is judged
timely. A systematic classification of the transport equations is presented
here. The requirements on valid transport equations imposed by the
invariance of the entropy production are clearly explained. The effective
Peltier and Seebeck coefficients, and the thermal conductivity,
corresponding to the different choices of flux densities and generalized
forces, are identified. Emphasis is made on illustrating the compatibility of
apparently disparate formalisms. The advantages and drawbacks of these
formalisms are discussed, especially from the point of view of the
experimental determination of their thermoelectric coefficients.
Assessment of bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in normal short boys
Authors: Gayretli Aydin Zeynep Gökçe , Bideci Aysun , Emeksiz Hamdi C. , Çelik Nurullah , Döğer Esra , Bukan Neslihan , Yildiz Ummügülsüm , Camurdan Orhun M. , Cinaz Peyami
Published: July 2015

To investigate whether there is a change in bone turnover-related biochemical markers and bone mineral density of children with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) in the prepubertal period.

We measured serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathormone, 25-OH vitamin D, osteocalcin, osteoprotogerin and urinary deoxypyridinoline levels (D-pyd), and bone mineral density (BMD) in 31 prepubertal boys with CDGP. These children were compared with 22 prepubertal boys with familial short stature (FSS) and 27 normal prepubertal boys.

Urinary D-pyd was significantly high in CDGP group as compared to control group (p=0.010). Volumetric BMD did not significantly differ between CDGP, FSS, and control groups (p=0.450). Volumetric BMD and urinary D-pyd levels of FSS and control groups were similar. Mean or median levels of calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathormone, and osteoprotegerin did not significantly differ between CDGP, FSS, and control groups.

Our data suggest that prepubertal boys with CDPG have normal bone turnover. However, their significantly higher urinary D-pyd levels relative to those of FSS and control groups might be an indicator of later development of osteoporosis. Therefore, long-term follow-up studies monitoring bone mineral status of prepubertal boys with CDPG from prepuberty to adulthood are needed to better understand bone metabolism of these patients.
Association of physical activity level with depression, anxiety, and quality of life in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mutlu Ebru Kaya , Mutlu Caner , Taskiran Hanifegul , Ozgen Ilker Tolga
Published: July 2015

Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have low physical activity levels and are at high risk for psychosocial morbidities, including depression, heightened anxiety and low health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

The aim of this study was to assess the associations of physical activity level with depression, anxiety, and HRQoL in children with T1DM.

A cross-sectional study design, including children with T1DM aged between 8 and 12 years and healthy controls, was used. Physical activity (PA) level was assessed with the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C). Anxiety was screened by The Screen for Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). Quality of life was assessed with the The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0).

Forty-seven T1DM and 55 healthy children were included with mean ages of 9.87±1.63 and 9.56±1.60 years, respectively. The T1DM group had significantly higher depression and anxiety score (p<0.05) and lower HRQoL-child self-report score (p<0.05, for all) compared with the control group. Significant associations were found between PAQ-C and PedsQL 4.0 (p<0.05), between SCARED and PedsQL 4.0 (p<0.05), and between HbA1c and PedsQL 4.0 (p<0.05) in children with T1DM.

The result of our study suggested that only HRQoL was related to physical activity, anxiety and HbA1c in children with T1DM.
Anthropogenic transformation of the relief of the Aegean Islands
Authors: Tsermegas Irena
Published: July 2015

The purpose of this article is to present the role of human impact in the forming and transformation of the relief of the Aegean Islands. The most significant changes (with a displacement of more than 10 bln m3 of rock material) are related to the creation of road infrastructure and the construction of agricultural terraces. In order to create stone buildings, 20 mln m3 of rock material was used; for the purposes of air transport a surface area of nearly 2.5 km2 was levelled; many kilometres of artificial shorelines were created and at least 4.5 mln m3 of material was displaced for the purposes of the construction of artificial reservoirs of a total capacity of more than 25 mln m3. A huge amount of material was removed as a result of mining activities. The indirect impact of economic activities on the relief of the discussed area includes mainly slope, fluvial and coastal processes.
Effective communication modes in multilingual encounters: Comparing alternatives in Computer Mediated Communication (CMC)
Authors: van Mulken Margot , Hendriks Berna
Published: July 2015

This paper reports on an experimental study investigating alternative communication modes to English as a Lingua Franca. The purpose was to examine the effectiveness of different modes of communication and to gain insight in communication strategies used by interlocutors to solve referential conflicts. Findings show that ELF may not necessarily be the most effective mode of communication for speakers who do not share a native language. In the context of multinational corporations, RM may be regarded as a viable alternative to English for negotiating mutual understanding, particularly for speakers with (linguistically) closely related mother tongues.
Poczucie koherencji i radzenie sobie ze stresem przez młodych dorosłych z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym/ Sense of coherence and coping in young adults with cerebral palsy
Authors: Dąbrowska-Zimakowska Anna
Published: July 2015

Streszczenie

Wstęp: Wczesna dorosłość jest okresem w życiu człowieka, ktory stawia przed nim liczne zadania. Aby skutecznie je realizować trzeba posiadać dobrze rozwinięte umiejętności radzenia sobie. Niepełnosprawność wrodzona wprowadza w życie dodatkowe wyzwania, ktore często zakłocają proces wchodzenia w dorosłość. Celem pracy jest analiza poczucia koherencji i strategii radzenia sobie ze stresem przez młodych dorosłych z porażeniem mozgowym.

Materiał i metody: W badaniu wzięło udział 30 osob z porażeniem mozgowym w wieku 20-35 lat i 30 osob sprawnych stanowiących grupę odniesienia. Zastosowano kwestionariusz SOC-29 do pomiaru poziomu poczucia koherencji i WCQ określający strategie radzenia sobie ze stresem.

Wyniki: analiza statystyczna wykazała, że osoby z porażeniem mozgowym w porownaniu z osobami sprawnymi przejawiały niższy poziom globalnego poczucia koherencji i poczucia zaradności. W obszarze strategii radzenia sobie ze stresem stwierdzono, że osoby niepełnosprawne znacznie rzadziej stosowały poszukiwanie wsparcia. Analiza korelacji wykazała, związek między poszukiwaniem wsparcia a globalnym poczuciem koherencji i jego trzema komponentami.

Wnioski: Istnieje potrzeba zwrocenia uwagi w procesie rehabilitacji na rozwijanie zasobow odpornościowych pacjentow oraz umiejętność poszukiwania wsparcia, rozumianego jako strategia pośrednicząca w skutecznym radzeniu sobie.
Doświadczanie bólu a aktywność fizyczna u osób z chorobą dyskową odcinka krzyżowo – lędźwiowego kręgosłupa/ Experience of pain and physical activity in people suffering from the disc disease of the lumbosacral spine
Authors: Turkiewicz-Maligranda Agnieszka , Rymaszewska Joanna
Published: July 2015

Streszczenie

Wstęp: Choroba dyskowa dolnego odcinka kręgosłupa jest częstym schorzeniem, na ktore uskarżają się coraz młodsze osoby. Głownym objawem jest dotkliwy bol. Choroba upośledza nie tylko funkcjonowanie fizyczne chorych, ale także społeczne i psychiczne. Ma ona charakter przewlekły i wymaga zmiany trybu życia z antyzdrowotnego na prozdrowotny w sposob stały i systematyczny. Jednym z przejawow prozdrowotnego funkcjonowania w chorobie dyskowej jest wykonywanie systematycznych ćwiczeń dostosowanych do schorzenia w celu wzmocnienia mięśni okołokregosłupowych. Aktywność fizyczna jest jednocześnie leczeniem jak i profilaktyką w chorobie dyskowej kręgosłupa. Ponieważ istnieje pogląd, że głownym motywatorem do leczenia u osob z dyskopatią krzyżowo - lędźwiową jest doświadczany bol postanowiono zbadać czy istnieje związek pomiędzy odczuwanym bolem a podejmowaną aktywnością fizyczną u osob z chorobą dyskową odcinka krzyżowo - lędźwiowego i czy związek ten jest modyfikowany przez zmienne socjodemograficzne.

Materiał i metody: Badania miały charakter podłużny (dwa punkty pomiaru w odstępie poł roku), ktorym zostały objęte 92 osoby z chorobą dyskową odcinka krzyżowo - lędźwiowego kręgosłupa. Rozpoznanie zostało potwierdzone badaniem z wykorzystaniem rezonansu magnetycznego. W badaniach wykorzystano: wywiad (dane socjodemograficzne), skalę VAS oraz skonstruowaną na potrzeby niniejszego projektu ankietę dotyczącą wskaźnika aktywnego radzenia sobie w chorobie dyskowej.

Wyniki: W badanej grupie osob z chorobą dyskową odcinka krzyżowo - lędźwiowego nie stwierdzono związku pomiędzy odczuwanym bolem a podejmowaną aktywnością fizyczną. Jedynie w grupie młodszych badanych pacjentow stwierdzono pozytywny związek pomiędzy bolem a aktywnością.

Wnioski: W grupie najmłodszych osob badanych odczuwany bol może być motywatorem do podejmowania systematycznych ćwiczeń fizycznych.
Does the Credible Fiscal Policy Support the Prices Stabilization?
Authors: Kuncoro Haryo
Published: July 2015

This paper aims at analyzing the co-movement between fiscal policy and monetary policy rules in the context of price stabilization. More specifically, we observe the potential impact of fiscal policy credibility on the price stabilization in the inflation targeting framework. Motivated by the fact that empirical studies concerning this aspect are still limited, we take the case of Indonesia over the period 2001-2013. Based on the quarterly data analysis, we found that the impact of credibility typically depends on characteristics of fiscal rules commitment. On one hand, the credibility of debt rule reduces the inflation rate. In contrast, the incredible deficit rule policy does not have any impact on the inflation rate and therefore does not support to inflation targeting. Given those results, we conclude that credibility matters in stabilizing price levels. Accordingly, those findings suggest tightening coordination between monetary and fiscal policy to maintain fiscal sustainability in accordance with price stabilization policy
Effective Exchange Rates in Central and Eastern European Countries: Cyclicality and Relationship with Macroeconomic Fundamentals
Authors: Stavárek Daniel , Miglietti Cynthia
Published: July 2015

This paper examines the evolution of effective exchange rates in nine Central and Eastern European countries in terms of development trends, volatility and cyclicality. Consequently, it provides direct empirical evidence on the nature of the relationship between effective exchange rates and selected macroeconomic fundamentals, addressing a key precondition of numerous exchange rate determination models and theories that attempt to explain the role of exchange rates in the economy. The results suggest that flexible exchange rate arrangements are reflected in both nominal and real effective exchange rates having higher volatility and variability. Furthermore, the results provide mixed evidence in terms of intensity, direction and cyclicality, but show a weak correlation between exchange rates and fundamentals. Sufficiently high coefficients are found only for money supply. Consequently, using fundamentals for the determination of exchange rates and using the exchange rate to explain economic development may be of limited use for the countries analyzed.
An Evaluation of Selected Economic Areas according to Similarity of Supply and Demand Shocks
Authors: Kappel Stanislav
Published: July 2015

The Euro Area remains a well-known monetary union in the World. But the possibilities of creation of new monetary unions are discussed. It is spoken about NAFTA (Canada, Mexico and the United States) or MERCOSUR (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela). The aim of this paper is to assess the similarity of demand and supply shocks in the countries of NAFTA and MERCOSUR, and to compare it with the countries of the Euro Area. For these aims, correlation and structural vector autoregression methods are used. Methods are based on Blanchard and Quah (1989) and Bayoumi and Eichengreen (1993). We confirm the existence of core states and periphery states in the Euro Area with some exceptions. If we compare supply and demand shocks, we find more similarity in the case of supply shocks in the countries of the Euro Area. According to the results, the countries of NAFTA are more appropriate for the creation of monetary union than the countries of MERCOSUR. The countries of NAFTA achieve high correlation coefficients of supply and demand shocks (except Mexico for supply shocks).
Aerodynamic Design and Numerical Analysis of Supersonic Turbine for Turbo Pump
Authors: Fu Chao , Zou Zhengping , Kong Qingguo , Cheng Honggui , Zhang Weihao
Published: July 2015

Supersonic turbine is widely used in the turbo pump of modern rocket. A preliminary design method for supersonic turbine has been developed considering the coupling effects of turbine and nozzle. Numerical simulation has been proceeded to validate the feasibility of the design method. As the strong shockwave reflected on the mixing plane, additional numerical simulated error would be produced by the mixing plane model in the steady CFD. So unsteady CFD is employed to investigate the aerodynamic performance of the turbine and flow field in passage. Results showed that the preliminary design method developed in this paper is suitable for designing supersonic turbine. This periodical variation of complex shockwave system influences the development of secondary flow, wake and shock-boundary layer interaction, which obviously affect the secondary loss in vane passage. The periodical variation also influences the strength of reflecting shockwave, which affects the profile loss in vane passage. Besides, high circumferential velocity at vane outlet and short blade lead to high radial pressure gradient, which makes the low kinetic energy fluid moves towards hub region and produces additional loss.
Rev Rene celebrating 15 years: building dreams
Authors: Galvão Marli Teresinha Gimeniz
Published: July 2015

First published in 2000, the Journal of Northeastern Nursing Network (Rev Rene), was born of aprofessionals’ agreement representing Polos of knowledge in the Northeast of Brazil. The journal was originatedfrom the dream of create opportunities to disseminate the knowledge of technical and scientific work of nursesin the area (1) . Therefore, the first editorial registered the beginning of this achievement, coordinated by one ofthe most prominent leaders of nursing in Brazil and, at the time, participant in one of the Polos, Professor Dr.Lorita Marlena Freitag Pagliuca, who to this day nourishes the dream to move forward with Rene.
Socio-demographic, economic and health profile of adults with sickle-cell disease
Authors: Amaral Júlia Lamese , Almeida Nívea Aparecida , Santos Paula Silveira , Oliveira Patrícia Peres de , Lanza Fernanda Moura
Published: July 2015

Objective: to describe socio-demographic and economic characteristics, lifestyle, clinical manifestations, use of medicationsand monitoring of adults with sickle-cell disease. Methods: a descriptive study with quantitative approach, made with 20adults, registered in a Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, using, for data collection, interviews in the participant’s homeand medical records. In order to have the database, the EpiDatae analysis software through statistical program was used.Results: most of the population consisted of women, married, with complete high school, which used exclusively the UnifiedHealth System. The average age was 30.6 years, and 90.0% (95% CI 68.3-98.8) were black. All of them reported painful crisesand fatigue. They used folic acid daily 35.0% (95% CI 15.4-59.2). Conclusion: the implications of sickle-cell disease could bemitigated through primary, secondary and tertiary health care, according to the needs of those adults.
Nursing care management in the context of the high performance volleyball player
Authors: Soder Rafael Marcelo , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini
Published: July 2015

Objective: to understand the relationship between the central phenomenon “care management in the context of thehigh performance volleyball player: living and surviving in the multidimensionality of the sporting environment” and thecategories which involved the perspective of management of health care of the athletes in the context of volleyball. Methods:it is a qualitative study, guided by the Theory Grounded in Data, made between February and September 2013, with 34participants in three sample groups. Results: four categories were found, meaning care, health and disease concerningthe high performance volleyball athlete; living and surviving on the limit between being a high performance athlete and ahuman being; waking up to the reality of high performance volleyball; unveiling possibilities and potentialities of health carein high performance volleyball. Conclusion: it is evident that there are concrete and tangible possibilities of insertion of themanagement of health care and nursing in the high performance volleyball.
Rights of patients required in a public service ombudsman
Authors: Martins Maristela Santini , Goese Priscila Becher , Barrionovo Marta Martins , Massarollo Maria Cristina Komatsu Braga
Published: July 2015

Objective: analyzing the rights of patients required in a public service ombudsmen. Methods: an exploratory, descriptivestudy of documentary research. 109 complaint forms coming from the basic network were analyzed, related to 12 BasicHealth Units located within the Southern Health Technical Supervision. Results: grouped into four categories of requiredrights: access to goods and services (62.4%) being, access to specialized exams (28.7%), access to consultations (16.6%),referral to a specialist (5.7%), referral for urgent/emergency cases (1.3%), monitoring through home visits (7.6%),guaranteed medications (2.5%). Quality of health services (36.9%) divided into: decent, considerate and respectful care(26.8%), guidance/clarification (9.6%), and public disclosure of government programs (0.6%) and adequate infrastructure(0.6%). Conclusion: the rights that patients required are related to access, quality, treatment and adequate infrastructure.
Perception of nurses on the adhesion of partners of pregnant women with syphilis to the treatment
Authors: Figueiredo Mayanne Santana Nóbrega de , Cavalcante Edilma Gomes Rocha , Oliveira Célida Juliana de , Monteiro Maria De Fátima Vasques , Quirino Glauberto Da Silva , Oliveira Dayanne Rakelly de
Published: July 2015

Objective: to investigate the perception of nurses of the Family Health Strategy on the factors that influence adhesion totreatment of sexual partners of pregnant women with syphilis. Methods: it is a qualitative research, made with 10 nurses.To collect data, a semi-structured interview was used. The data were submitted to thematic analysis. Results: the followingcategories were identified: the approach of the nurses to partners of pregnant women with syphilis; barriers that influenceon the adhesion to the treatment; strategies and actions of adhesion of the partners in the treatment; perception of the nurseconcerning the responsibility of assistance and effectiveness of the treatment. Conclusion: it was identified that nurses havea wide perception of aspects relating to adhesion to the treatment, but need better scientific and practical basis to performeffectively activities on the management of sexual partners with syphilis.
Socio-demographic and clinical profile of elderly people with depression and the use of psychoactive drugs
Authors: Cantão Luiza , Fonseca Leonardo Leão Kahey , Silva Talita Ingrid Magalhães , Oliveira Marcella De , Oliveira Valéria Da Conceição de , Machado Richardson Miranda
Published: July 2015

Objective: to know the socio-demographic and clinical profile of elderly patients with depressive disorders and the useof psychoactive drugs. Methods: it is a retrospective epidemiological study that analyzed 218 medical records of elderlypatients in a Psychosocial Care Center in a period of 72 months. Results: it was observed that 67.9% of elderly men werepredominantly those aged between 60 and 70 years. Alcohol was the most commonly used drug among men and tobaccoamong women, depression was the most frequent occurrence in both sexes. 53.7% were assisted at a health unit, and thepredominant time of treatment was from 31 to 60 days (47.7%). The patients assisted by the family health teams were lessfrequent (10.5%). Conclusion: the cultural aspects of man’s role in society, easily accessible drugs (alcohol and tobacco) andthe lack of information were the main factors related to depression and the use of drug by the elderly.
Association between physical frailty and cognitive scores in older adults
Authors: Grden Clóris Regina Blanski , Barreto Maynara Fernanda Carvalho , Sousa Jacy Aurélia Vieira de , Chuertniek Juliana Andrade , Reche Péricles Martim , Borges Pollyanna Kássia de Oliveira
Published: July 2015

Objective: to investigate the association between physical frailty and cognitive scores in older adults at an Open Universityof the Third Age in Southern Brazil. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study with convenience sample comprising 100elderly, conducted from March to June 2013. For cognitive assessment, we applied the Mini Mental State Examination andthe Edmonton Frail Scale. Results: there was a predominance of females (93%), with a mean age of 65.6 years. 81% ofthe participants were classified as non-frail, 16% as apparently vulnerable to frailty, and 3% as mild frailty. There was asignificant association between cognitive performance and frailty (p<0.006). Conclusion: the research on the associationbetween physical frailty and cognitive scores in older people promotes the construction of gerontological care plans aimedat managing this syndrome.
(Dis)satisfaction of health professionals who work with oncology
Authors: Bordignon Maiara , Ferraz Lucimare , Beck Carmem Lúcia Colomé , Amestoy Simone Coelho , Trindade Letícia De Lima
Published: July 2015

Objective: identify sources of satisfaction and dissatisfaction at work for health professionals who work with oncology.Methods: Qualitative research conducted with 31 professionals from a multidisciplinary health team who worked in anOncology Inpatient Unit of a public hospital in the south of Brazil, using a semi-structured interview, analyzed accordingto Bardin’s proposal. Results: the main sources of job satisfaction emerged from the relationship between patients andhealth professionals. The dissatisfaction sources were connected to the working environment and conditions. Conclusion:.A humanized look to health professionals who work with oncology, with changes in their work environment seems to berelevant in the context investigated.
Use and development of teaching technologies presented in nursing research
Authors: Salvador Pétala Tuani Candido de Oliveira , Rodrigues Cláudia Cristiane Filgueira Martins , Lima Kálya Yasmine Nunes de , Alves Kisna Yasmin Andrade , Santos Viviane Euzébia Pereira
Published: July 2015

Objective: characterizing teaching technologies used or developed in nursing dissertations and theses in Brazil. Methods: adocumentary research that had data collection sourced from directories of theses and dissertations available on the websiteof the Brazilian Nursing Association, from Volumes Nineteen (XIX) (2001) to Twenty-one (XXI) (2013). Results: of 6346studies, 18 (0.28%) used or developed teaching technologies, composed of the following categories: use of conceptualmap; use of games; development of Virtual Learning Environment; development of educational materials; developmentof Distance Education courses; and artifact development. Conclusion: national research on the development and use ofteaching technology in nursing are still insufficient, especially in the North and Northeast. Multiple benefits of the use ofteaching technologies in nursing and learning environments were highlighted, not only for students and professionals, butalso for patients.aprendizagem da enfermagem, tanto com estudantes e profissionais, quanto com os pacientes.
Health-related quality of life in sepsis survivors
Authors: Silveira Laura Menezes , Dessotte Carina Aparecida Marosti , Dantas Rosana Aparecida Spadoti , Matioli Matheus Rozário , Stabile Angelita Maria
Published: July 2015

Objective: to identify the evidence available on the changes in health-related quality of life of patients who survived anepisode of sepsis. Methods: the LILACS, MEDLINE CINAHL Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus databases wereused. Results: of the 1729 publications identified, 16 were included in the study. Patients who survived an episode of sepsispresented reduction in the quality of life when compared to the general population or to other groups of patients who hadan episode of severe illness, even after long periods following discharge from hospital, independently of the scale used, ofthe patients’ clinical characteristics, and their country of origin. The changes in the quality of life are mainly related to thephysical and mental aspects. Conclusion: knowledge of the changes in quality of life of patients who survived an episode ofsepsis demonstrates the need for long-term monitoring of these patients.
Estimated glomerular filtration rate by serum cystatin C correlates with cardiometabolic parameters in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Ermetici Federica , Filopanti Marcello , Verga Uberta , Passeri Elena , Dito Giorgia , Malavazos Alexis Elias , Mapelli Chiara , Raggi Maria Elisabetta , Spada Anna , Corbetta Sabrina
Published: July 2015

Objective

Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are at risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Cystatin C (Cys-C) is considered a more reliable tool to assess glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than creatinine. The study aimed to assess circulating Cys-C and its relationships with biochemical PHPT and cardiometabolic parameters.

Design and methods

The present cross-sectional study was performed in academic endocrine units on PHPT patients (n=190) and non-hypertensive, non-diabetic, age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n=135) with no established CKD. The main outcomes were creatinine by alkaline picrate method, Cys-C by immunonephelometry and calculation of estimated GFR based on creatinine and Cys-C (eGFRcr-cys) using the CKD-EPI equation.

Results

In PHPT patients, circulating Cys-C ranged 0.45–3.13 mg/l and correlated with creatinine, age and BMI. Mean Cys-C level was higher in PHPT patients than in controls (0.93±0.02 vs 0.78±0.14 mg/l;P=0.03). Cys-C levels in PHPT patients were predicted by age, BMI, ionized calcium, hypertension and HDL-cholesterol, the most significant determinant being ionized calcium. Cys-C positively correlated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurrence. Overall, 18.4% of PHPT patients with eGFRcr >60 ml/min per 1.73 m2(n=169) had Cys-C levels higher than the 95th percentile in controls (1.03 mg/l), consistent with a preclinical CKD, which was associated with hypertension and insulin resistance. Considering eGFRcr-cys, CKD (stages G3a, G3b, 4) was diagnosed in 13.7% of PHPT patients. Estimated GFRcr-cys, but not eGFR based on creatinine, was predicted by insulin resistance and hypertension and positively correlated with CVD.

Conclusions

Elevated Cys-C levels were associated with ionized calcium, cardiometabolic risk factors and CVD, and identified preclinical CKD in PHPT patients.
Co-targeting AR and HSP90 suppresses prostate cancer cell growth and prevents resistance mechanisms
Authors: Centenera Margaret M , Carter Sarah L , Gillis Joanna L , Marrocco-Tallarigo Deborah L , Grose Randall H , Tilley Wayne D , Butler Lisa M
Published: July 2015

Persistent androgen receptor (AR) signaling in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) underpins the urgent need for therapeutic strategies that better target this pathway. Combining classes of agents that target different components of AR signaling has the potential to delay resistance and improve patient outcomes. Many oncoproteins, including the AR, rely on the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) for functional maturation and stability. In this study, enhanced anti-proliferative activity of the Hsp90 inhibitors 17-allylamino-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) and AUY922 in androgen-sensitive and CRPC cells was achieved when the agents were used in combination with AR antagonists bicalutamide or enzalutamide. Moreover, significant caspase-dependent cell death was achieved using sub-optimal agent doses that individually have no effect. Expression profiling demonstrated regulation of a broadened set of AR target genes with combined 17-AAG and bicalutamide compared with the respective single agent treatments. This enhanced inhibition of AR signaling was accompanied by impaired chromatin binding and nuclear localization of the AR. Importantly, expression of the AR variant AR-V7 that is implicated in resistance to AR antagonists was not induced by combination treatment. Likewise, the heat shock response that is typically elicited with therapeutic doses of Hsp90 inhibitors, and is a potential mediator of resistance to these agents, was significantly reduced by combination treatment. In summary, the co-targeting strategy in this study more effectively inhibits AR signaling than targeting AR or HSP90 alone and prevents induction of key resistance mechanisms in prostate cancer cells. These findings merit further evaluation of this therapeutic strategy to prevent CRPC growth.
Genetics of Rapid and Extreme Size Evolution in Island Mice
Authors: Gray Melissa M , Parmenter Michelle D , Hogan Caley A , Ford Irene , Cuthbert Richard J , Ryan Peter G , Broman Karl W , Payseur Bret A
Published: July 2015

Organisms on islands provide a revealing window into the process of adaptation. Populations that colonize islands often evolve substantial differences in body size from their mainland relatives. Although the ecological drivers of this phenomenon have received considerable attention, its genetic basis remains poorly understood. We use house mice (subspecies: Mus musculus domesticus) from remote Gough Island to provide a genetic portrait of rapid and extreme size evolution. In just a few hundred generations, Gough Island mice evolved the largest body size among wild house mice from around the world. Through comparisons with a smaller-bodied wild-derived strain from the same subspecies (WSB/EiJ), we demonstrate that Gough Island mice achieve their exceptional body weight primarily by growing faster during the 6 weeks after birth. We use genetic mapping in large F2 intercrosses between Gough Island mice and WSB/EiJ to identify 19 quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for the evolution of 16-week weight trajectories: 8 QTL for body weight and 11 QTL for growth rate. QTL exhibit modest effects that are mostly additive. We conclude that body size evolution on islands can be genetically complex, even when substantial size changes occur rapidly. In comparisons to published studies of laboratory strains of mice that were artificially selected for divergent body sizes, we discover that the overall genetic profile of size evolution in nature and in the laboratory is similar, but many contributing loci are distinct. Our results underscore the power of genetically characterizing the entire growth trajectory in wild populations and lay the foundation necessary for identifying the mutations responsible for extreme body size evolution in nature.
Antibiotic Exposure and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Horton Daniel B. , Scott Frank I. , Haynes Kevin , Putt Mary E. , Rose Carlos D. , Lewis James D. , Strom Brian L.
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Recent evidence has linked childhood antibiotic use and microbiome disturbance to autoimmune conditions. This study tested the hypothesis that antibiotic exposure was associated with newly diagnosed juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

METHODS:

We performed a nested case–control study in a population-representative medical records database from the United Kingdom. Children with newly diagnosed JIA were compared with age- and gender-matched control subjects randomly selected from general practices containing at least 1 case, excluding those with inflammatory bowel disease, immunodeficiency, or other systemic rheumatic diseases. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the association between antibacterial antibiotics (including number of antibiotic courses and timing) and JIA after adjusting for significant confounders.

RESULTS:

Any antibiotic exposure was associated with an increased rate of developing JIA (adjusted odds ratio: 2.1 [95% confidence interval: 1.2–3.5]). This relationship was dose dependent (adjusted odds ratio over 5 antibiotic courses: 3.0 [95% confidence interval: 1.6–5.6]), strongest for exposures within 1 year of diagnosis, and did not substantively change when adjusting for number or type of infections. In contrast, nonbacterial antimicrobial agents (eg, antifungal, antiviral) were not associated with JIA. In addition, antibiotic-treated upper respiratory tract infections were more strongly associated with JIA than untreated upper respiratory tract infections.

CONCLUSIONS:

Antibiotics were associated with newly diagnosed JIA in a dose- and time-dependent fashion in a large pediatric population. Antibiotic exposure may play a role in JIA pathogenesis, perhaps mediated through alterations in the microbiome.
Use of Serum Bicarbonate to Substitute for Venous pH in New-Onset Diabetes
Authors: von Oettingen Julia , Wolfsdorf Joseph , Feldman Henry A. , Rhodes Erinn T.
Published: July 2015

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate whether serum bicarbonate (HCO3) levels can be used to accurately diagnose diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and classify its severity in children with new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM).

METHODS:

Retrospective study of all patients with NODM presenting to Boston Children’s Hospital from October 1, 2007, to July 1, 2013. DKA was defined as blood glucose ≥200 mg/dL, venous pH (vpH) <7.3, and urine ketones ≥2+, and severe DKA as vpH <7.1. Linear regression was used to assess serum HCO3 as a predictor of vpH, and logistic regression to evaluate serum HCO3 as a predictor of DKA and severe DKA.

RESULTS:

Of 690 study cohort subjects (47% girls, age 10.8 ± 4.3 years, 76.7% white), 19.4% presented with DKA. The relationship between serum HCO3 and vpH was log-linear (r = 0.87, 95% CI 0.85–0.89, P < .001). HCO3 predicted vpH (R2 0.75, P < .001) using the formula vpH = 6.81301 + (0.17823*ln[HCO3]) and DKA and severe DKA (c-statistic 0.97 [95% CI 0.96–0.99, P < .001] and 0.99 [95% CI 0.991–0.999, P < .001], respectively). HCO3 cutoffs of <18 and <8 mmol/L had sensitivities of 91.8% and 95.2%, and specificities of 91.7% and 96.7%, respectively, to diagnose DKA and severe DKA. Findings were similar in a validation cohort of 197 subjects.

CONCLUSIONS:

Serum HCO3 concentration alone can substitute for vpH to diagnose DKA and classify severity in children with NODM. It is suggested as an alternative to reliance on vpH, especially in settings in which access to vpH measurement is limited.
A Tailored Family-Based Obesity Intervention: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Taylor Rachael W. , Cox Adell , Knight Lee , Brown Deirdre A. , Meredith-Jones Kim , Haszard Jillian J. , Dawson Anna M. , Taylor Barry J. , Williams Sheila M.
Published: July 2015

OBJECTIVE:

To determine whether a 2-year family-based intervention using frequent contact and limited expert involvement was effective in reducing excessive weight compared with usual care.

METHODS:

Two hundred and six overweight and obese (BMI ≥85th percentile) children aged 4 to 8 years were randomized to usual care (UC) or tailored package (TP) sessions at university research rooms. UC families received personalized feedback and generalized advice regarding healthy lifestyles at baseline and 6 months. TP families attended a single multidisciplinary session to develop specific goals suitable for each family, then met with a mentor each month for 12 months, and every third month for another 12 months to discuss progress and provide support. Outcome measurements (anthropometry, questionnaires, dietary intake, accelerometry) were obtained at 0, 12, and 24 months.

RESULTS:

BMI at 24 months was significantly lower in TP compared with UC children (difference, 95% confidence interval: –0.34, –0.65 to –0.02), as was BMI z score (–0.12, –0.20 to –0.04) and waist circumference (–1.5, –2.5 to –0.5 cm). TP children consumed more fruit and vegetables (P = .038) and fewer noncore foods (P = .020) than UC children, and fewer noncore foods were available in the home (P = .002). TP children were also more physically active (P = .035). No differences in parental feeding practices, parenting, quality of life, child sleep, or behavior were observed.

CONCLUSIONS:

Frequent, low-dose support was effective for reducing excessive weight in predominantly mild to moderately overweight children over a 2-year period. Such initiatives could feasibly be incorporated into primary care.
Trisomy 21 and Risk of Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Movsas Tammy Z. , Spitzer Alan R. , Gewolb Ira H.
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Trisomy 21 is known to decrease the risk of several (nonocular) angiogenic-mediated diseases. The objective of this study was to determine whether trisomy 21 can also be shown to be significantly protective against ocular angiogenic-mediated disorders such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

METHODS:

A retrospective analysis of deidentified data from the Pediatrix BabySteps Clinical Warehouse. This large repository of neonatal data is approved for use in research studies by the Western Institutional Review Board. The study population consisted of 99 080 infants with very low birth weights (BWs; BW <1500 g), born between 1996 and 2013, cared for at >300 US NICUs, and who had been discharged alive from hospital. Statistical significance for unadjusted comparisons between groups was determined with Pearson’s χ2 test or Student’s t test. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds of ROP (of any stage) and advanced ROP (stage 3 or greater) for infants with trisomy 21 compared with all other infants.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of trisomy 21 was 0.3% in the study population (321 of 99 080). After adjustment for BW, gestational age, oxygen exposure, and other potential confounders, there was an odds ratio of 0.6 (95% confidence interval: 0.5–0.8) for ROP in infants with trisomy 21compared with other infants and an odds ratio of 0.4 (95% confidence interval: 0.1–0.9) for advanced-stage ROP.

CONCLUSIONS:

Trisomy 21 significantly decreases the odds for ROP in very low BW infant survivors. This study unmasks a potentially identifiable genetic component to ROP risk, paving the way for the development of a laboratory-based ROP screening tool.
Choosing Wisely in Newborn Medicine: Five Opportunities to Increase Value
Authors: Ho Timmy , Dukhovny Dmitry , Zupancic John A.F. , Goldmann Don A. , Horbar Jeffrey D. , Pursley DeWayne M.
Published: July 2015

BACKGROUND:

The use of unnecessary tests and treatments contributes to health care waste. The “Choosing Wisely” campaign charges medical societies with identifying such items. This report describes the identification of 5 tests and treatments in newborn medicine.

METHODS:

A national survey identified candidate tests and treatments. An expert panel of 51 individuals representing 28 perinatal care organizations narrowed the list over 3 rounds of a modified Delphi process. In the final round, the panel was provided with Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) literature summaries of the top 12 tests and treatments.

RESULTS:

A total of 1648 candidate tests and 1222 treatments were suggested by 1047 survey respondents. After 3 Delphi rounds, the expert panel achieved consensus on the following top 5 items: (1) avoid routine use of antireflux medications for treatment of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease or for treatment of apnea and desaturation in preterm infants, (2) avoid routine continuation of antibiotic therapy beyond 48 hours for initially asymptomatic infants without evidence of bacterial infection, (3) avoid routine use of pneumograms for predischarge assessment of ongoing and/or prolonged apnea of prematurity, (4) avoid routine daily chest radiographs without an indication for intubated infants, and (5) avoid routine screening term-equivalent or discharge brain MRIs in preterm infants.

CONCLUSIONS:

The Choosing Wisely Top Five for newborn medicine highlights tests and treatments that cannot be adequately justified on the basis of efficacy, safety, or cost. This list serves as a starting point for quality improvement efforts to optimize both clinical outcomes and resource utilization in newborn care.
Alejandro E. Parada. El dédalo y su ovillo. Ensayos sobre la palpitante cultura impresa en la Argentina.Buenos Aires: Instituto de Investigaciones Bibliotecológicas / Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2012. 322 páginas.
Authors: Rubio Alfonso
Published: July 2015

No es fácil encontrar, entre los estudiosos dedicados a las “ciencias de la información”, alguien que se someta a conciencia a lo que Renán Silva en su texto más reciente, Lugar de dudas. Sobre la práctica del análisis histórico. Breviarios de inseguridades, llama como la “lógica del análisis histórico”, o sea, un análisis riguroso en su objeto de estudio, entendido como una indagación sistemática que intenta poner de relieve los múltiples y diversos cruces entre las “condiciones y contextos” específicos que han permitido el surgimiento de un fenómeno o acontecimiento determinado, como punto de partida que facilite su comprensión.
Quem faz as leis na república rousseauniana?
Authors: Moscateli Renato
Published: July 2015

O intuito deste artigo é analisar a cidadania proposta por Rousseau à luz de certas delimitações colocadas pelo filósofo ao exercício desse direito, as quais configuram um tipo de participação política que seria apropriado ao regime descrito no Contrato Social. Assim, procurarei mostrar que a soberania popular tem, para o autor genebrino, um papel fundamental na defesa da legislação, cabendo ao Legislador e aos magistrados guiar os cidadãos comuns na aprovação das boas leis necessárias ao Estado. Essa tese é compatível com o republicanismo rousseauniano, na medida em que ela mostra que esses cidadãos, os membros do pacto social, são os responsáveis por proteger e conservar sua própria liberdade ao longo da existência do corpo político.
Emoções e sentimentos: considerações sobre sua apropriação na abordagem dos dilemas morais
Authors: Napoli Ricardo Bins , Nunes Lauren Lacerda
Published: July 2015

Este trabalho objetiva apresentar razões para a apropriação das emoções e sentimentos na abordagem dos dilemas morais. Isso será feito em três etapas. Primeiramente, ele partirá da análise de Williams em seu artigo Ethical consistency, onde ele dá um primeiro passo no sentido de defender o papel de emoções como remorso e arrependimento, além da introdução da ideia do “resquício emocional” em dilemas morais, com a finalidade de mostrar a importância deste argumento para nossa perspectiva. Em um segundo momento, se reconstruirá a análise de Statman, porque sua sistematização do “argumento dos sentimentos” em favor dos dilemas morais mostrou que não. Em um terceiro momento, a análise se concentrará no artigo Sentiment and Value, de D’arms e Jacobson, que aborda questões prementes acerca da possibilidade de um sentimentalismo moral de base racional. Por fim, se tais abordagens o apelo aos “fatos morais” levam a uma possível justificação dos sentimentos de arrependimento, culpa ou remorso experienciados pelo agente em dilemas morais, então conclui-se que estes não devem ser desconsiderados em uma abordagem mais intuitiva e ampla da questão.