bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of an efficient antimicrobial susceptibility testing method with species identification by Nanopore sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons
Authors: Kawai Yuto , Ozawa Naoya , Fukuda Takako , Suzuki Noriyuki , Mikata Kazuki
Published: February 2022

While amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA is a common method for studying microbial community, it has been difficult to identify genera and species using next-generation sequencers to examine some regions (e.g., V3–V4 of 16S rRNA) because of the short read lengths. However, the advent of third-generation sequencers has made it possible to analyze the full length of the 16S rRNA gene, which allowed for species level identification at low cost. In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of the identification with a third-generation sequencer, MinION from Oxford Nanopore Technologies, using nine indigenous bacteria that can pose problems with food poisoning and opportunistic infections as an example. We demonstrated that Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus hirae could be identified at the species level with an accuracy of 96.4% to 97.5%. We also demonstrated that the absolute counts of various bacteria could be determined by spiking the sample with a bacterium as an internal standard. Then, we tested whether this convenient bacterial identification method could evaluate the antibiotic sensitivities of multiple bacteria simultaneously. In order to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility, a mock community, an artificial mixture of the nine bacterial strains, was prepared and cultured in the presence of the antibiotics ofloxacin or chloramphenicol, and the 16S rRNAs were analyzed by using Nanopore sequencer. We confirmed that antibiotic-induced cell count reductions could be measured simultaneously by quantifying the abundances of various bacteria in the mock community before and after culture. It was thus shown that the antibiotic sensitivities of multiple bacteria could be evaluated simultaneously, with distinction made between bactericidal action and bacteriostatic action. This methodology would allow rapid evaluation of antibiotic activity spectrum at the species level containing a wide variety of bacteria, such as biofilm bacteria and gut microbiota.
Risk of HIV viral rebound in HIV infected patients on direct acting antivirals (DAAs) treatment for HCV
Authors: Morsica Giulia , Galli Laura , Messina Emanuela , Castagna Antonella , Bagaglio Sabrina , Salpietro Stefania , Liviana Della Torre , Uberti-Foppa Caterina , Hasson Hamid
Published: February 2022

Background

The dynamic of HIV-viral load (VL) remains poorly investigated in HIV/HCV patients under direct acting antivirals (DAAs).

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated HIV-VL at baseline (BL) during and up to 24 weeks post-DAAs in a cohort of 305 HIV-1/HCV patients, on ART and with no HIV virological failure (VF) in the 6 months before treatment with DAAs; during the period of observation VF was defined as confirmed VL≥50 copies/mL; virological blips (VB, transient, not confirmed, VL ≥50 copies/mL). Stepwise Cox regression models were fitted to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) of VF.

Results

Fifteen VF occurred in 13 patients over 187 person-years of follow-up (PYFU): incidence rate (IR) of 8.0 per 100-PYFU (95% CI = 4.0–12.1); 29 VBs were detected in 26 patients over 184 PYFU: IR = 15.8 per 100-PYFU (95% CI = 10.0–21.5). The most prominent factor associated with VF was the presence of BL HIV residual viremia (RV = HIV-RNA detectable but not precisely quantifiable) [aHR = 12.26 (95% CI = 3.74–40.17), P<0.0001]. Other factors were ≥1 VBs in the 6 months before DAAs [aHR = 6.95 (95% CI = 1.77–27.37) P = 0.006] number of ART regimens failed before DAAs initiation [aHR (per more regimen) = 1.22 (95% CI = 1.04–1.42), P = 0.012] and age [aHR (per year older) = 1.16 (95% CI = 1.04–1.29), P = 0.010].

Conclusions

Our findings underline the importance for close monitoring HIV-VL in selected patients. Whether this phenomenon is triggered by the rapid clearance of HCV remains to be established.
Humidified and standard oxygen therapy in acute severe asthma in children (HUMOX): A pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: McNamara Paul S. , Clayton Dannii , Burchett Caroline , Compton Vanessa , Peak Matthew , Clark Janet , Jones Ashley P.
Published: February 2022

Background

Oxygen (O2) is a mainstay of treatment in acute severe asthma but how it is administered varies widely. The objectives were to examine whether a trial comparing humidified O2 to standard O2 in children is feasible, and specifically to obtain data on recruitment, tolerability and outcome measure stability.

Methods

Heated humidified, cold humidified and standard O2 treatments were compared for children (2–16 years) with acute severe asthma in a multi-centre, open, parallel, pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT). Multiple outcomes were assessed.

Results

Of 258 children screened, 66 were randomised (heated humidified O2 n = 25; cold humidified O2 n = 21; standard O2 n = 20). Median (IQR) length of stay (hours) in hospital was 37.9 (29.1), 52 (35.4) and 49.1 (29.7) for standard, heated humidified and cold humidified respectively and time (hours) on O2 was 15.9 (9.4), 13.6 (14.9) and 13.1 (14.9) for the three groups respectively. The mean (standard deviation) time (hours) taken to step down nebulised to inhaled treatment was 5.6 (14.3), 35.1 (28.2) and 32.7 (20.1). Asthma Severity Score decreased in all three groups similarly, although missing data prevented complete analysis. Humidified O2 was least well tolerated with eight participants discontinuing their randomised treatment early. An important barrier to recruitment was research nurse availability.

Conclusion

Although, the results of this pilot study should not be extrapolated beyond the study sample and inferential conclusions should not be drawn from the results, this is the first RCT to compare humidified and standard O2 therapy in acute severe asthmatics of any age. These findings and accompanying screening data show that a large RCT of O2 therapy is feasible. However, challenges associated with randomisation and data collection should be addressed in any future trial design.
A scoping review of interventions to improve strength training participation
Authors: Ma Jasmin K. , Leese Jennifer , Therrien Stephanie , Hoens Alison M. , Tsui Karen , Li Linda C.
Published: February 2022

Background

Low participation rates (1–31%) and unique barriers to strength training (e.g., specialized knowledge, equipment, perceived complexity) suggest effective strength training interventions may differ from effective aerobic or general physical activity interventions. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine interventions used to improve strength training participation through mapping theory, intervention characteristics, prescription parameters, and behaviour change techniques.

Methods

Recommendations by Levac et al. (2010) and PRISMA-ScR were followed in the conduct and reporting of this review, respectively. Patients and exercise professionals participated in developing the research question and data extraction form, interpreting the findings, and drafting the manuscript. Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed databases (inception–December 2020) were searched. The inclusion criteria were (a) original peer-reviewed articles and grey literature, (b) intervention study design, and (c) behavioural interventions targeted towards improving strength training participation. Two reviewers performed data screening, extraction, and coding. The interventions were coded using the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy version 1. Data were synthesized using descriptive and frequency reporting.

Results

Twenty-seven unique interventions met the inclusion criteria. Social cognitive theory (n = 9), the transtheoretical model (n = 4), and self-determination theory (n = 2) were the only behaviour change theories used. Almost all the interventions were delivered face-to-face (n = 25), with the majority delivered by an exercise specialist (n = 23) in community or home settings (n = 24), with high variability in exercise prescription parameters. Instructions on how to perform the behaviour, behavioural practice, graded tasks, goal setting, adding objects to the environment (e.g., providing equipment), and using a credible source (e.g., exercise specialist delivery) comprised the most common behaviour change techniques.

Conclusions

Our results highlight gaps in theory, intervention delivery, exercise prescription parameters, and behaviour change techniques for future interventions to examine and improve our understanding of how to most effectively influence strength training participation.
Integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches to assess wintertime illness-related absenteeism and its direct and indirect costs among the private sector in Ulaanbaatar
Authors: Ganbat Mandukhai , Erdenebileg Nasantogtokh , Batbold Chuluunbileg , Nergui Saruultuya , Anderson Ron , Wigfall Clarence , Amarsanaa Narantsetseg , Heikens Alex , Sarantuya Moiltmaa , Warburton David
Published: February 2022

Causes for employee absenteeism vary. The commonest cause of work absenteeism is “illness-related.” Mongolia’s capital city, Ulaanbaatar, experiences high employee absenteeism during the winter than during other seasons due to the combination of extreme cold and extreme air pollution. We identified direct and indirect costs of absenteeism attributed to air pollution among private-sector employees in Ulaanbaatar. Using a purposive sampling design, we obtained questionnaire data for 1,330 employees working for private-sector companies spanning six economic sectors. We conducted 26 employee focus groups and 20 individual employer in-depth interviews. We used both quantitative and qualitative instruments to characterize the direct and indirect costs of absence due to illnesses attributed to severe air pollution during wintertime. Female employees and employees with a young child at home were more likely to be absent. Respiratory diseases accounted for the majority of reported air pollution-related illnesses. All participants perceived that air pollution adversely affected their health. Individual employee direct costs related to absence totaled 875,000 MNT ($307.10) for an average of three instances of three-day illness-related absences during the winter. This sum included diagnostic and doctor visit-related, medication costs and hospitalization costs. Non-healthcare-related direct cost (transportation) per absence was 50,000₮ ($17.60). Individual indirect costs included the value of lost wages for the typical 3-day absence, amounting to 120,000₮ ($42.10). These total costs to employees, therefore, may amount to as much as 10% of annual income. The majority of sick absences were unpaid. Overall, the cost of wintertime absences is substantial and fell disproportionately on female employees with young children.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of myopia prevalence in African school children
Authors: Ovenseri-Ogbomo Godwin , Osuagwu Uchechukwu L. , Ekpenyong Bernadine N. , Agho Kingsley , Ekure Edgar , Ndep Antor O. , Ocansey Stephen , Mashige Khathutshelo Percy , Naidoo Kovin Shunmugan , Ogbuehi Kelechi C.
Published: February 2022

Purpose

Increased prevalence of myopia is a major public health challenge worldwide, including in Africa. While previous studies have shown an increasing prevalence in Africa, there is no collective review of evidence on the magnitude of myopia in African school children. Hence, this study reviews the evidence and provides a meta-analysis of the prevalence of myopia in African school children.

Methods

This review was conducted using the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Five computerized bibliographic databases, PUBMED, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Africa Index Medicus were searched for published studies on the prevalence of myopia in Africa from 1 January 2000 to 18 August 2021. Studies were assessed for methodological quality. Data were gathered by gender, age and refraction technique and standardized to the definition of myopia as refractive error ≥ 0.50 diopter. A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence. Significant heterogeneity was detected among the various studies (I2 >50%), hence a random effect model was used, and sensitivity analysis was performed to examine the effects of outliers.

Results

We included data from 24 quality assessed studies, covering 36,395 African children. The overall crude prevalence of myopia over the last two decades is 4.7% (95% CI, 3.9–5.7) in African children. Although the prevalence of myopia was slightly higher in females (5.3%, 95%CI: 4.1, 6.5) than in males (3.7%, 95% CI, 2.6–4.7; p = 0.297) and higher in older [12–18 years 5.1% (95% CI, 3.8–6.3) than younger children (aged 5–11 years, 3.4%, 95% CI, 2.5–4.4; p = 0.091), the differences were not significant. There was a significantly lower prevalence of myopia with cycloplegic compared with non-cycloplegic refraction [4.2%, 95%CI: 3.3, 5.1 versus 6.4%, 95%CI: 4.4, 8.4; p = 0.046].

Conclusions

Our results showed that myopia affects about one in twenty African schoolchildren, and it is overestimated in non-cycloplegic refraction. Clinical interventions to reduce the prevalence of myopia in the region should target females, and school children who are aged 12–18 years.
Essential medicines and technology for hypertension in primary healthcare facilities in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Adeke Azuka Stephen , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David , Balogun Muhammad Shakir , Odili Augustine Nonso
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) now constitute major cause of morbidity and mortality in middle and low income countries including Nigeria. One of the major efforts at controlling CVDs in Nigeria includes expanding universal access to care through the primary healthcare (PHC) system. The study was to assess essential medicines and technology for control of hypertension in PHC facilities in Ebonyi Nigeria.

Methods

The study used mixed method cross-sectional survey to assess availability, affordability and accessibility of essential medicines and technology in 45 facilities and among their patients with hypertension (145).

Results

Most of the PHC facilities (71.1%) assessed were rural. The heads of facilities were mainly community health extension workers (86.7%). One (2.2%) facility had a pharmacy technician. All facilities had been supervised by the regulatory authority in the last one year. Out of 15 anti-hypertensive drugs assessed, 10 were available in some facilities (2.2%–44.4%) but essential drug availability was low (<80%). Only mercury sphygmomanometers were available in all facilities with 82.2% functioning. Stethoscopes were available in all facilities and 95.6% were functional. Glucometers were present in 20.0% of facilities and were all functional.

All the respondents (100.0%) reported they could not afford their anti-hypertensive drugs. Median monthly income was 8,000 Nigerian Naira (range = 2,000–52,000). Median monthly cost of anti-hypertensive drugs was 3,500 Naira (range = 1,500–10,000). For 99 (68.3%) of the respondents, the facilities were accessible. Median cost of transportation for care was 400 Naira (range = 100–2,000).

Conclusion

Gaps still exist in the provision of hypertension control services in PHC facilities in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The essential drugs were not always available, and cost of the drugs were still a challenge to the patients. There is urgent need to expand health insurance coverage to rural communities to ameliorate the catastrophic out-of-pocket health expenditures and improve control of CVDs.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are more prominent in retinal artery occlusion (RAO) compared to retinal vein occlusion (RVO)
Authors: Qin Guanghao , He Fang , Zhang Hongda , Pazo Emmanuel Eric , Dai Guangzheng , Yao Qingchi , He Wei , Xu Ling , Lin Tiezhu
Published: February 2022

Aim

To evaluate the association between the value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) and the development of retinal artery occlusion (RAO) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods

This retrospective study assessed 41 RAO, 50 RVO and 50 control (age and gender matched senile cataract) participants. The NLR, PLR and MHR parameters of patients’ peripheral blood were analyzed. A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis and the best cutoff value were used to specify the predictive value of NLR, PLR and MHR in RAO and RVO.

Results

The NLR, PLR and MHR were significantly higher in RAO group compared to the control group (p<0.001, p<0.001 and p = 0.008; respectively). The NLR, PLR and MHR were also significantly higher in the RVO group compared to the control group (p<0.001, p = 0.001 and p = 0.012, respectively). The NLR and PLR were significantly higher in the RAO group compared to the RVO group (p<0.001 and p = 0.022, respectively). The optimal cut-off value of NLR to predict RAO was >2.99, with 90.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The PLR to predict RAO was > 145.52, with 75.6% sensitivity and 80.0% specificity.

Conclusion

Higher NLR, PLR and MHR are related to the occurrence of RAO and RVO. NLR and PLR are more prominent in RAO compared to RVO.
Cases of acute coronary syndrome and presumed cardiac death prior to arrival at an urban tertiary care hospital in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sheikh Sana , Van Cleve Wil , Kumar Vinod , Peerwani Ghazal , Aijaz Saba , Pathan Asad
Published: February 2022

Background

A reduction in overall acute coronary syndrome (ACS) cases, increases in the severity of ACS presentation, and increased rates of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have been reported from multiple countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The attributed factors include COVID-19 infection, fear of COVID-19 and resultant avoidance of health care facilities, and restrictions on mobility. Pakistan, a country with a high burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and challenges related to health care access, will be expected to demonstrate these same findings. Therefore, we compared ACS hospitalization, ACS severity, and patients who have already died (dead on arrival, or DOA) due to presumed OHCA at a tertiary cardiac hospital during pre-pandemic and intra-pandemic periods in Pakistan.

Methods

Standardized data elements were extracted from the charts of patients with ACS, and telephonic verbal autopsies (VA) using a validated tool were conducted for patients who were arrived DOA. As a comparison, cases during the same months prior to the COVID-19 were analyzed for respective waves. Events were counted, and proportions and frequencies are reported for each time period.

Results

A total of 4,480 ACS cases were reviewed; 1,216 cases during March-July 2019, 804 cases in the same months of 2020 (33.8% decrease); 1,304 cases in August 2019-January 2020 and 1,157 in the corresponding months of 2020 and 2021 (11.2% decrease). There was no observed change in the baseline characteristics of patients with ACS or their symptom-to-door time, and in-hospital mortality was unchanged across all time periods. There were 218 DOA cases in pre-pandemic months and 360 cases during the pandemic. The pre-pandemic rate of DOA was 12/1000 emergency patients (95% CI 10–13) compared to 22/1000 (95% CI 22–27) during the pandemic (30/1000in the 1st wave and 17/1000 during 2nd wave). On VA, CVD was found to be the major cause of death during both time periods.

Conclusion

At a cardiac hospital in Pakistan, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a reduction in ACS hospitalization and an increased DOA rate.
Microbial (co)infections: Powerful immune influencers
Authors: Hassan Ali , Blanchard Nicolas
Published: February 2022

It is well established that by modulating various immune functions, host infection may alter the course of concomitant inflammatory diseases, of both infectious and autoimmune etiologies. Beyond the major impact of commensal microbiota on the immune status, host exposure to viral, bacterial, and/or parasitic microorganisms also dramatically influences inflammatory diseases in the host, in a beneficial or harmful manner. Moreover, by modifying pathogen control and host tolerance to tissue damage, a coinfection can profoundly affect the development of a concomitant infectious disease. Here, we review the diverse mechanisms that underlie the impact of (co)infections on inflammatory disorders. We discuss epidemiological studies in the context of the hygiene hypothesis and shed light on the sometimes dual impact of germ exposure on human susceptibility to inflammatory disease. We then summarize the immunomodulatory mechanisms at play, which can involve pleiotropic effects of immune players and discuss the possibility to harness pathogen-derived compounds to the host benefit.
Remembering North Africa in French popular music at the turn of the twenty-first century
Authors: Bentahar Ziad
Published: February 2022

At the turn of the twenty-first century, memory was a recurrent theme in French songs about North Africa. This painted the region as a place of the colonial past, diminishing its current relevance to France by occulting immigrant perspectives. In the early 2000s, ‘Adieu mon pays’, Enrico Macias’s 1962 song about a departure from Algeria upon its independence, continued to be the exemplar of the song about North Africa. However, songs from the 1990s by North African artists show different views on remembering the region. The dynamics of French and Arabic in songs by Rachid Taha and Khaled indicate that an underlying malaise with remembering North Africa can manifest in a disconnection between two perspectives rooted in two different languages, and Faudel’s 2006 song ‘Mon pays’ shows the limits of memory as a mode of engagement with the lands of origin for second-generation immigrants. Although we may not extrapolate historical claims from the surge of North African memories as a theme in French music in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, the context of the time can help us interpret lyrics about the region in song from this period.
Transnational Identity and Memory Making in the Lives of Iraqi Women in Diaspora, Nadia Jones-Gailani (2020)
Authors: Bellotta Samanta
Published: February 2022

Review of: Transnational Identity and Memory Making in the Lives of Iraqi Women in Diaspora, Nadia Jones-Gailani (2020)

Toronto, Buffalo and London: University of Toronto Press, 200 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-48750-316-1, h/bk, £44.55
A gestão dos “novos” resíduos da pandemia
Authors: Marques Paixão Maria João
Published: February 2022

A crise sanitária suscitada pela pandemia de covid-19 abalou profundamente todas as dimensões da mundividência contemporânea. De entre as particularidades do “novo normal” destaca-se o uso obrigatório ou de máscara de proteção. Num cenário – outrora quimérico – em que milhões de cidadãos saem à rua, todos os dias, com uma máscara sobre o rosto, é urgente pensar a gestão da avalanche de resíduos plásticos resultantes. As máscaras descartáveis, em particular, constituem um dos nossos próximos grandes desafios. A sua adequada gestão é conditio sine qua non da recuperação holística necessária para um futuro sustentado.
Urgências climáticas
Authors: Tavares Vitali Karoline
Published: February 2022

No contexto de explosão de declarações simbólicas de emergência climática, em que se insere a Declaração de Emergência Climática e Ambiental do Parlamento Europeu, pouco ou muito pouco se tem feito para o desencadear de uma ação em resposta à crise ambiental. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho, essencialmente exploratório e propositivo, busca analisar os desafios da operacionalização jurídica da urgência ambiental, que começam pela natureza jurídica de suas declarações, mergulham em preocupações democráticas e com a proteção dos direitos fundamentais, e estão sempre permeados pela necessidade de ações coordenadas a viabilizar respostas eficazes à emergência ambiental.
A megújuló energia szerepe a falusi turizmus és a magyarországi falvak modernizációjában
Authors: Michalkó Gábor , Lontai-Szilágyi Zsuzsanna , Kiss Kornélia , Martonné Erdős Katalin
Published: February 2022

A korszerű energiaellátás biztosítása a vidéki térségek modernizációjának letéteményese. A villamosener­gia-hálózat XX. század folyamán megvalósított kiépítése, a „falvak villamosítása”, Magyarországon is alap­vető változásokat hozott a vidéki társadalom életében. A modernizáció akkoriban is együtt járt a településkép átalakulásával, a villanypóznák, a légvezetékek és a transzformátorházak a falusi miliő szerves részévé váltak. A fenntartható fejlődés égisze alatt napjainkban észlelhető energiatakarékossági törekvések újabb színfoltokkal gazdagítják a rurális látképet. A falvak környezeti és településmorfológiai sajátosságai kedvező feltételeket kínálnak a megújuló energia hasznosításához. A korszerűséget tükröző napelemek, napkollektorok, kisebb szélturbinák fokozatosan a falusi udvarok megszokott kellékei lesznek. A megújuló energiát előállító objektu­mok elterjedésében az átlagosnál nagyobb energia-igényű falusi szálláshelyeknek élenjáró szerep jut. A falusi szállásadók, a szolgáltatást nyújtó vállalkozók egy része felismerte a megújuló energiában rejlő, és a társadalmi felelősségvállalásban testet öltő üzleti lehetőségeket. A komplex, a marketingkommunikációban és a vendégelé­gedettségben is tükröződő hasznosítás azonban még várat magára. Az Európai Unió által Magyarország szá­mára 2020-ra előirányzott 13%-os megújuló energiafelhasználás teljesítéséhez a falusi turizmus is érdemben hozzájárulhat.
A turisztikai kereslet fejlesztésének lehetséges irányai egy innovatív városban
Authors: Tóth Attila Albert , Happ Éva
Published: February 2022

A szabadidős turizmus fejlesztésével kapcsolatos kérdések egyre inkább a figyelem középpontjába kerül­nek egy olyan városban, ahol a turizmus hazai viszonylatban már jelentősnek mondható, de alapvetően a hivatásturizmus a meghatározó. Győrben a hivatásturizmuson belül elsősorban a külföldi üzleti utazók által generált vendégéjszakák és az ezek kapcsán jelentkező bevételek jelentősek, amelyek nagymértékben függnek a városban működő cégek aktuális beruházásaitól, ezek periodikus hatásaitól. A Győrben üzemelő szállodáknak, vendéglátóhelyeknek, és minden turisztikai szolgáltatónak érdeke és egyben fontos célja is, hogy növelje a szabadidős turizmus részarányát, mellyel szoros összefüggésben csökkenteni tudja függő­ségét az üzleti turizmus váltakozó intenzitásától. Kutatásunk a győri turizmus egyik fontos fejlesztendő szegmensének, a szabadidős turizmusnak az értékeléséről szól, szekunder és primer források elemzésével, kérdőíves és mélyinterjús kutatással.
Megújuló energiaforrások szerepe és jelentősége a hazai turisztikai szektorban – az energia mint „helyi termék”
Authors: Németh Kornél , Péter Erzsébet , Pintér Gábor
Published: February 2022

Az energetikai szemléletváltás igénye a turisztikai ágazatban a minél gazdaságosabb üzemeltetésére való törekvésben, valamint a környezeti, társadalmi szempontok és növekvő elvárások érvényesítésében, gya­korlatban való alkalmazásában jelentkezik. A folyamatos fejlődést mutató megújuló energia-ipar technikai megoldásainak, az egyes rendszerek kombinációinak, az egyedi igényekre szabott alkalmazásoknak ma már szinte csak a mérnöki, tervezői fantázia és az adott beruházásra szánt összegek szabnak határt. A helyi értékeket és érdekeket szem előtt tartó, környezetbarát energiatermelési módok egyre szélesedő per­spektívái a turisztikai ágazatban is komoly lehetőségeket kínálnak. A kutatás a helyi, térségi adottságokat és a turisztikai ágazat sajátosságait figyelembe véve ezen megoldásokat veszi górcső alá, szem előtt tartva a témakör multidiszciplinaritását. A szerzők megújuló energiaforrások témakörben végzett széleskörű vizsgálatai és az ezek során alkalmazott gazdag módszertani eszköztár elősegítik a témakör tudományos igényű elemzését, az egyes elméleti megközelítések mindennapi gyakorlatba való átültetését.
Proximidades e distâncias entre Bosse, Vernet e Meirelles
Authors: Sant'Anna Mara , Régis Natália
Published: February 2022

Fruto de pesquisa mais densa e ampla, o presente artigo dedica-se a apresentar a metodologia utilizada para realização de estudo comparativo dos estudos de trajes desenvolvidos por Abraham Bosse, Carle Vernet e Victor Meirelles de Lima que, a despeito de serem artistas de três períodos históricos distintos, têm em comum a dedicação ao registro de costumes vestimentares de suas épocas. A metodologia consistiu na busca e catalogação de obras especificas que, posteriormente, foram quantificadas e analisadas de maneira a tornar possível comparação entre esses conjuntos de imagens. A relevância do estudo se coloca em dois caminhos, primeiramente, na valorização das ditas obras menores de artistas consagrados, mediante problemática e metodologias adequadas de investigação e, em segundo plano, por orientar pesquisas futuras de temáticas semelhantes pela exposição minuciosa da metodologia desenvolvida. Por outro lado, a pesquisa contextualiza as produções dessa ordem à instalação de uma sociedade moderna, afeita às temporalidades efêmeras, ao gosto pela aparência e ao valor da novidade, argumentação poucas vezes cogitada em bibliografias do campo artístico.
FeridaCalo
Authors: Berte Odailso , Da Silva Castro Crystian Danny , Corrêa de Borba Barboza Mônica
Published: February 2022

O presente texto objetiva refletir sobre o processo de criação do espetáculo e intervenção artística FeridaCalo (2016), construído a partir da relação entre corpo e imagem. Ancorado no campo de estudos da cultura visual e utilizando da abordagem metodológica da bricolagem, este escrito realiza uma discussão transdisciplinar, entrecruzando as artes visuais e cênicas e aspectos de diferentes áreas de conhecimento, produzindo uma forma multidirecional e alternativa de reflexão. Do trânsito entre artes, do processo criativo coletivo e do princípio de que o pessoal é político, emerge a possibilidade de pensar-fazer a dança contemporânea como uma “pronúncia de mundo” (FREIRE, 2005).
processo criativo com os anthotypes no documentário “Saberes da Terra”
Authors: Pinheiro Daniela
Published: February 2022

Este artigo investiga o fazer fotográfico através do processo histórico de fotografia do século XIX, chamado de anthotype, por meio do qual se entrecruzam, a fotografia digital e o vídeo, no documentário “Saberes da Terra”. O documentário, que tem como tema a agricultura agroecológica, faz parte da pesquisa de doutorado em Media Artes, na Universidade da Beira do Interior, em Portugal. A criação das imagens em anthotype, que fazem parte de “Saberes da Terra”, é realizada pelos alimentos dos agricultores agroecológicos entrevistados. Procura-se assim por meio deste estudo, ampliar os horizontes do fazer fotográfico, alcançando novas aberturas e dilatações a partir do encontro e da contaminação das imagens, ampliando o espaço de experimentações poéticas. Essas experiências vão ao encontro dos conceitos de fotografia expandida (Fernandes Junior, 2006) e de hibridação, de Couchot (1993). Assim, o artigo investiga a construção de um campo visual expandido híbrido, entre os pixels da captura digital, dilatado pela impressão artesanal do anthotype, atravessado pelas imagens em movimento do vídeo e, posteriormente, pelo documentário.
interartes e seu lugar no contexto atual disciplinar dos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação em arte nas universidades brasileiras.
Authors: Ramos Eduardo
Published: February 2022

Este artigo apresenta um panorama sobre a importância das Interartes e interfaces da arte e a abordagem dessa disciplina dentro dos institutos de arte das universidades brasileiras. Na primeira parte apresentamos um histórico da epistemológico das correspondências artísticas. Como esse conhecimento tem sido abordado pelos institutos de graduação em arte. Observamos as construções curriculares dos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação e suas ofertas de disciplinas na construção do conhecimento das Interartes. Apresentamos teses, livros e artigos que trabalham o paralelismo das artes e sua importância para a pesquisa e produção da arte contemporânea. Ao final apontamos para a importância curricular das Interartes. Apontamos novas (ou antigas) possibilidades de diálogos de diferentes campos da ciência com a pesquisa em arte, diálogos entre as diversas linguagens artísticas e como esse diálogo está em consonância com a necessidade formativa para o docente do ensino básico, para a compreensão do processo criativo artístico, para a pesquisa em arte e para a produção artística contemporânea.
Recepción del decreto conciliar «Optatam totius» en las conferencias generales del episcopado latinoamericano
Authors: Costadoat-Carrasco Jorge-Eduardo
Published: February 2022

Esta publicación se aboca a la recepción que las últimas conferencias generales del episcopado latinoamericano y caribeño han hecho de Optatam totius, el documento conciliar que aborda la formación del clero. Da una especial importancia a Medellín, pues esta debió ser la conferencia que debía actualizar la enseñanza conciliar en el continente, expectativa que cumplió al dedicar al tema un capítulo entero. Medellín, no obstante sus límites, demandó que se capacitara a los seminaristas en el discernimiento de los signos de los tiempos. Sin embargo, las siguientes conferencias de Puebla, Santo Domingo y Aparecida se fueron alejando progresivamente de esta innovación y del decreto mismo del Concilio. Por tanto, no ha de afirmarse fácilmente que la Iglesia de América Latina y el Caribe haya hecho una recepción creativa de Optatam totius, como suele decirse de la recepción latinoamericana del Vaticano II en general.
Belarmino y las disputas «de auxiliis»
Authors: Torrijos Castrillejo David
Published: February 2022

Para conmemorar el cuarto centenario del fallecimiento de san Roberto Belarmino, prestamos atención a su significativa contribución a la controversia de auxiliis. Se indican los hitos principales de su intervención en esta polémica: la censura interna que Belarmino hizo de la Concordia de Molina para Aquaviva, así como algunos detalles de su relación con Clemente VIII. Compuso diversos opúsculos a propósito de estas discusiones que están en su mayoría ya publicados. Aquí transcribimos un manuscrito inédito redactado en los últimos años de las Congregaciones de auxiliis. Se trata de un informe para Paulo V sobre el conocimiento divino de los futuros condicionados. Esta cuestión proporciona a Belarmino una oportunidad más para criticar la doctrina de la predeterminación física. Dicha tesis era, para él, una doctrina más peligrosa que las afirmaciones erróneas que incluso el cardenal jesuita reconocía en la Concordia.
Notas sobre la sinodalidad en el primer milenio
Authors: Sieben Hermann Josef
Published: February 2022

Se repasan los textos más significativos del primer milenio en los que o bien un concilio se pronuncia sobre las prerrogativas del papado en relación con el concilio o bien un pontífice hace afirmaciones acerca del alcance de las decisiones conciliares o sinodales con respecto al papado.
Improvisations in the embodied interactions of a non-speaking autistic child and his mother: practices for creating intersubjective understanding
Authors: Chen Rachel S. Y.
Published: February 2022

The human capacity for intersubjective engagement is present, even when one is limited in speaking, pointing, and coordinating gaze. This paper examines the everyday social interactions of two differently-disposed actors—a non-speaking autistic child and his speaking, neurotypical mother—who participate in shared attention through dialogic turn-taking. In the collaborative pursuit of activities, the participants coordinate across multiple turns, producing multi-turn constructions that accomplish specific goals. The paper asks two questions about these collaborative constructions: 1) What are their linguistic and discursive structures? 2) How do embodied actions contribute to these constructions? Findings show that the parent and child repeatedly co-produced multi-turn constructions that had consistent structures, implying a sophisticated ability to anticipate the completion of action trajectories. Examining the embodied actions of interactants revealed that the child often accommodated to the parent’s demands for participation. Nonetheless, the child occasionally pursued his own goals by improvising with and within multi-turn constructions. He launched constructions to redirect parental attention, and otherwise produced surprising actions within the turn-taking structure of these constructions. The paper concludes that multi-turn constructions in the midst of activities are a primordial site in which to begin observing the competencies of non-speaking autistic children for intersubjective engagement.
A self-adaptive Tseng extragradient method for solving monotone variational inequality and fixed point problems in Banach spaces
Authors: Jolaoso Lateef Olakunle
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we introduce a self-adaptive projection method for finding a common element in the solution set of variational inequalities (VIs) and fixed point set for relatively nonexpansive mappings in 2-uniformly convex and uniformly smooth real Banach spaces. We prove a strong convergence result for the sequence generated by our algorithm without imposing a Lipschitz condition on the cost operator of the VIs. We also provide some numerical examples to illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithm by comparing with related methods in the literature. This result extends and improves some recent results in the literature in this direction.
Estimating SPARMA Models with Dependent Error Terms
Authors: Boubacar Maïnassara Yacouba , Ilmi Amir Abdoulkarim
Published: February 2022

We are interested in a class of seasonal autoregressive moving average (SARMA) models with periodically varying parameters, so-called seasonal periodic autoregressive moving average (SPARMA) models under the assumption that the errors are uncorrelated but non-independent (i.e. weak SPARMA models). Relaxing the classical independence assumption on the errors considerably extends the range of application of the SPARMA models, and allows one to cover linear representations of general nonlinear processes. We establish the asymptotic properties of the quasi-generalized least squares (QLS) estimator of these models. Particular attention is given to the estimation of the asymptotic variance matrix of the QLS estimator, which may be very different from that obtained in the standard framework. A set of Monte Carlo experiments are presented.
The crystal structure of tris(4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methane, C13H16N6
Authors: Wu Gui-Ling
Published: February 2022

C13H16N6, orthorhombic, Pbca (No. 61), a = 16.097(2) Å, b = 9.8309(13) Å, c = 17.349(2) Å, β = 90°, V = 2745.4(6) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt
(F) = 0.0434, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1302, T = 296(2) K.
HTR: An ultra-high speed algorithm for cage recognition of clathrate hydrates
Authors: Liu Yisi , Xu Ke , Xu Yihua , Liu Jinjie , Wu Jianyang , Zhang Zhisen
Published: February 2022

Clathrate hydrates find diverse significant applications including but not limited to future energy resources, gas storage and transport, gas separation, water desalination, and refrigeration. Studies on the nucleation, growth, dissociation, and micro/nanoscale properties of clathrate hydrates that are of utmost importance for those applications are challenging by experiments but can be accessible by molecular simulations. By this method, however, identification of cage structures to extract useful insights is highly required. Herein, we introduce a hierarchical topology ring (HTR) algorithm to recognize cage structures with high efficiency and high accuracy. The HTR algorithm can identify all types of complete cages and is particularly optimized for hydrate identification in large-scale systems composed of millions of water molecules. Moreover, topological isomers of cages and n × guest@cage can be uniquely identified. Besides, we validate the use of HTR for the identification of cages of clathrate hydrates upon mechanical loads to failure.
Synthesis of bioactive scaffolds catalyzed by agro-waste-based solvent medium
Authors: Kamanna Kantharaju , Amaregouda Yamanappagouda
Published: February 2022

The backbone of synthetic organic chemistry is the formation of carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds. Scientists are actively working to develop new methods of bond-forming reactions because it is one of the most useful tools for the development of structurally diverse molecular entities. On the other hand, scientists are constantly discovering chemical processes to make them more sustainable in order to avoid the ever-increasing chemical emission associated with hazards to the environment. Thus, the development of greener catalytic reactions demonstrated a massive uptick in the ability to carry out carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond-forming reactions under environmentally friendly and simple reaction conditions. Various approaches are demonstrated, namely, solvent-free, microwave irradiation, ionic liquids, ball milling, ultrasound, one-pot, and aqueous-mediated methods under green chemistry protocol. Agro-waste is the postharvest part or agricultural residues derived from various agricultural activities, which has diverse scope and applications. The use of this agro-waste is an eco-friendly and cost-effective process of waste management. Appropriate and optimal utilization of these waste by-products is one of the major challenges in the present days. The recent trend around the globe is to transform waste into wealth concepts to achieve various applications. Agro-waste-derived ashes and extracted medium are successfully studied recently as a heterogeneous- or homogenous-based catalyst in various organic transformations. Agro-waste-derived catalysts are easily available, cost-effective, simple to prepare, nontoxic, easy to handle, biodegradable, and more environmentally benign. This article focuses more on a few instances of agro-waste-based homogeneous and heterogeneous organic synthesis, especially those used in the construction of bioactive molecule synthesis via C–C and C–X bond formation reactions are discussed. The compiled literature in this article is based on keywords used in the search engine on “agro-waste-based catalyst for organic transformations”, and review articles published on this topic, future scope, and summary are discussed.
CLSPCOL rescues Alzheimer’s disease mouse models
Authors: Kusakari Shinya , Nawa Mikiro , Hashimoto Yuichi , Matsuoka Masaaki
Published: February 2022

Calmodulin-like skin protein (CLSP) inhibits Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related neurotoxicity. The activity of CLSP is reduced in AD. To restore the CLSP activity, we developed a hybrid peptide named CLSPCOL, consisting of CLSP(1–61) and the collagen-homologous region (COL) of adiponectin. It was previously shown that the CLSPCOL-mediated restoration of the reduced CLSP activity alleviated memory impairment and neuronal synaptic loss in APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice (APP/PS1 mice) at an advanced phase. Here, we examined whether CLSPCOL is effective against the memory impairment of the APP/PS1 mice at an early phase, and the memory impairment, caused by the temporal disturbance of the cholinergic neurotransmission, that mimics a part of AD-linked neuronal abnormality. The CLSPCOL-mediated restoration of the CLSP activity corrected the impairment in acquisition of fear-conditioned memory at an early-phase AD model. A single subcutaneous injection of CLSPCOL rescued the short-term working memory impairment, caused by subcutaneous injection of scopolamine. We have concluded that CLSPCOL is a promising disease-modifying therapeutic agent for not only the advanced phase but also the early-phase AD. It also serves as a symptomatic modifier of AD by potentiating the cholinergic neurotransmission.
Development Of Pitch, Tempos, And Dynamics Learning Materials In Music Learning Based On Dalcroze Eurhythmics
Authors: Heldisari Hana Permata , Ramadhan Mohammad Ilham
Published: February 2022

This study aims to produce a product in the form of learning materials for pitch, tempo, and dynamics with eurhythmic-based mp3 format. The theory used is music learning and eurhythmic dalcroze. This research is a research and development with ADDIE (Analysis-Design-Develop-Implement-Evaluate) learning design model. The trial subjects were 40 students who were taking Diatonic Music Theory courses in the 2020/2021 school year. Collecting data in this study using a questionnaire used to measure the feasibility of the product by material experts and product users. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics to determine the extent to which the product is feasible for use in the wider community. The result of this research is to produce a product in the form of teaching material about pitch, tempo and dynamics based on eurhythmic which is measurable its feasibility. Based on field trials, the product achieved an eligibility percentage of 93.3% with the category very feasible to use from the user's point of view, namely students as prospective teachers of cultural arts.
Song Of The Spirit In The Jak Mania Chants: Tribute From Fans To Footballers
Authors: Sihombing Lambok Hermanto , Aristia Andhien Ayu , Bumi Lanang Tirta
Published: February 2022

Chant is a supportive song that is usually shown to idols. Chants are performed by fans as a form of love and support for their idols. Chants usually contain words of encouragement and support and that make the enthusiastic in competition. This study aimed to analyze the chants from one of the Indonesian soccer teams, namely PERSIJA JAKARTA (Persatuan Sepak bola Indonesia Jakarta). The chants that the researchers used are Kesurupan, Majulah Persija, and Menerjang Badai. In order to help the researchers in doing the analysis, Fandom Theory is used in this study to elaborate the lyrics of those three chants. As the result, those three chants do not only contain words of encouragement but also moral messages and even critics towards government.
The Identification of Basic Music Learning Needs Students of Music Arts Study Program Solfeggio Courses
Authors: Salafiyah Nafik , Kevin Kristian
Published: February 2022

To improve the quality of learning music in addition to ability and skills are also needed awareness of the requirements behind the success of students in learning music. The first step to learn the music before plunging into the skill of the instrument started by learning music basics first. To find out the problems faced by the students and how large the scope of the requirements needed by the students to support and simplify the learning of basic music and how to cope with them. The method that used in this research is qualitative method. The data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and documentation. The analysis data technique that used is reduction stage, data presentation, and verification or conclusion. The result of the research states that found some identification requirements to learn basic music involve Milleu, Man, Method, Machine, Money, and Material. Where each requirement should be understood and noticed by the students in order to optimize the mastery of basic music in the Solfeggio course