bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF MULTI-BAND SIMULATOR OF THE MANUFACTURER OF ACTIVE NOISE JAMMER
Authors: Kostyria O. O. , Hryzo A. A. , Dodukh О. M. , Nevmerzhytskyi І. М. , Nahorniuk O. A. , Miniailo V. M.
Published: December 2022

The article provides information on the results of experimental studies of a multi-band hardware and software complex for simulating the action of an active noise jammer, which has been created for the training of operators of radar stations of radio engineering troops.
One of the important elements of the professional training of the radar stations operators of the air defense radio engineering forces is their ability to work in difficult target and jamming conditions.
The existing simulators for training operators do not fully meet the requirements of the quality of training, since they form only secondary bearing marks on the jammer manufacturer and do not reproduce the situation of deterioration of target detection conditions as a result of the simultaneous action of active and passive noise jammer, as well as the influence of the autocompensator of jammer on the quality of the radar, as it happens in real situation.
The offered device for simulating the influence of active jammer has been built according to the modular principle and implemented using software-defined radio technology, which allows to quickly change both the type of signal and its parameters. Power amplifiers and antenna systems have been designed to operate in the 140–190 MHz, 470–900 MHz, and 2500–3500 MHz bands, and for experimental research radar stations in the meter, decimeter, and centimeter wave ranges have been involved.
The method of using the simulator has been substantiated, and the conducted studies showed that for radar stations in which the angular beams of the directional pattern have different operating frequencies, there is an additional possibility of simulating the action of the active jammer by changing the frequency of the jammer in the case of operation of the complex directly near the suppression object, where the directional pattern of the radar station antenna has not yet been formed. The method of using the complex both for training sessions and during tactical exercises of the radio technical troops unit to simulate the action of an air-based jamming device or a dropped jamming transmitter has been substantiated.
Keywords: active noise jammer; simulation; hardware and software complex; radar station; programmed radio.
FEATURES OF THE DETECTION OF OPERATIONAL TACTICAL UAVS BY RADIOLOCATORS OF THE RADIO ENGINEERING TROOPS
Authors: Tarshyn V. A. , Zalevsky Z. S. , Ochkurenko O. V. , Stovba R. L.
Published: December 2022

The range of aircraft is expanding rapidly and it should currently include objects from hypersonic aircraft to small unmanned aerial vehicles. Accordingly, airspace control must be carried out on all types of aircraft. The article discusses the features of radar detection of very complex objects for active location - unmanned aerial vehicles of tactical and operative-tactical level. Their tactical and technical characteristics, design features and tactics of application allow such aircraft to perform combat missions sometimes without detection of the enemy's air defense system. The article discusses the factors and features that contribute to the untimely detection of objects such as unmanned aerial vehicles by radar stations of radio troops or lead to difficulties in their observation. Ways to improve radar surveillance of unmanned aerial vehicles are noted. The analysis of the experience of combat use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the area of the Joint Forces operation is carried out in the east of Ukraine in 2014–2022 the Syrian military conflict, the second Karabakh war of 2020 and the modern Russian-Ukrainian war. There are more important factors that contributed to the effective use of unmanned aerial vehicles. The generalized information of change of features of the military conflicts which were formed thanks to possibilities of unmanned aerial vehicles is resulted. It is shown that modern reconnaissance and combat capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles are rapidly changing not only the tactics of using weapons and military equipment of the Armed Forces, but also changing the strategy of warfare. Much attention is paid to the analysis of the mass use of unmanned aerial vehicles of various types in the current Russian-Ukrainian military conflict.
Keywords: unmanned aerial vehicle, low-visibility detection, passive interference, radio technical troops.
The Effect of Value for Money on Travel Anxiety and their Impact on the Behavioural Intention of Passengers Low-Cost Carrier Airlines
Authors:   MM Study Program, FEB Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 23111, Mauliza Maudi , Nurdasila Nurdasila ,   MM Study Program, FEB Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 23111, Chan Syafruddin ,   MM Study Program, FEB Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 23111
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the mediation function of travel anxiety on the effect of value for money and service quality on the behavioral intention of passengers on low-cost carrier airlines Citilink and Lion Air. The population used in this study were passengers of low-cost carrier airlines entering Banda Aceh, namely Wings Air and Citilink. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling with a convenience sampling approach. The respondents in this study were all passengers of low-cost carrier airlines entering Banda Aceh, namely Wings Air and Citilink. The number of sampling in this study is the multiplication of the number 5 with the number of existing indicators (Ferdinand 2010), namely 5 x 31 indicators = 155 people. Data processing is done using SPSS and Smart PLS software. Of the five direct influence hypotheses tested, namely the Effect of the Value of Money on Travel Anxiety, the Effect of the Value of Money on Behavioral Intention, the Effect of Travel Anxiety on Behavioral Intention, the Effect of Service Quality on Travel Anxiety, and Effect of Service Quality on Behavioral Intention, there is one that is not significant, namely the effect of Value for Money on Behavior Intention. The meaning is in encouraging someone to travel, even though in the case of Low-Cost Carrier it turns out that at the 5% alpha level the effect is not significant. But if we use 10% DF, then all direct hypotheses in this study have a significant effect. As for the indirect effect, the two hypotheses of the Effect of the Value of Money on Behavioral Intention through Travel Anxiety and the Effect of Service Quality on Behavioral Intention through Travel Anxiety, do not of them produce a significant effect. Only the influence of Service Quality on Behavioral Intention through Travel Anxiety is significant, although the role of travel anxiety in linking service quality variables to behavior intention is only a partial intervention.
Desigualdad de género en el deporte de competición: voces y reflexiones (Gender inequality in competitive sport: voices and reflections)
Authors: Donoso Pérez Belén , Reina Giménez Amalia , Álvarez-Sotomayor Alberto
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar las posibles situaciones de desigualdad percibidas por las mujeres deportistas de competición en la provincia de Córdoba (España) a partir de sus propias voces. La investigación, de tipo cualitativo, se diseñó siguiendo la Teoría Fundamentada. Se llevaron a cabo cinco grupos focales en los que participaron 45 mujeres practicantes de fútbol sala, balonmano, voleibol, atletismo, natación y esgrima. Los datos indican situaciones de desigualdad en diferentes ámbitos como la cobertura mediática, en términos de sentirse infrarrepresentadas y silenciadas en los medios de comunicación; el escaso apoyo y reconocimiento de las instituciones deportivas locales frente a las que tienen que demostrar altísimas cotas de rendimiento para ser valoradas; la escasa promoción y organización del deporte colectivo femenino en el contexto universitario, y el trato discriminatorio que perciben por parte de las distintas federaciones en aspectos como el acceso a las becas, el apoyo al deporte base y a los clubes, la continuidad de las selecciones andaluzas, la promoción de la asistencia a sus partidos y la implicación de los dirigentes en el fomento del deporte femenino. Los resultados ofrecen un diagnóstico de las necesidades reales sobre las que deberían construirse las actuaciones para mejorar el sistema deportivo andaluz y alcanzar de esta manera una práctica deportiva igualitaria.
Palabras clave: desigualdad, género, deporte de competición, estudio cualitativo, teoría fundamentada.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to explore the situations of inequality perceived by female competitive athletes in the province of Córdoba (Spain) based on their own voices. The qualitative research was designed following Grounded Theory. Five focus groups were carried out in which 45 women practicing futsal, handball, volleyball, athletics, swimming and fencing participated. The data indicate situations of inequality in different areas such as media coverage, in terms of feeling underrepresented and silenced in the media; the lack of support and recognition of local sports institutions against which they have to demonstrate very high levels of performance to be valued; the inadequate promotion and organization of women's collective sport in the university context and the discriminatory treatment they receive from the different federations in aspects such as access to scholarships, support for grassroots sports and clubs, the continuity of Andalusian teams, the promotion of attendance at their matches and the involvement of the leaders in promoting women's sports. The results offer a diagnosis of the real needs on which the actions to improve the Andalusian sports system should be built and thus achieve equal sports practice.
Key words: Inequality, gender, competitive sport, qualitative study, grounded theory.
Effect of attentional focus on squats on lactate production and rating of perceived exertion in trained men
Authors: Vargas-Molina Salvador , García Sillero Manuel , Salgado Ulises , Carbone Leandro , Martín-Rivera Fernando
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of internal focus (IF) and external focus (EF) on lactate production and the perception of perceived exertion in the squat in strength trained-men. Methods: Thirteen men with experience in strength training (age =22.61 ± 1.19 years; height = 180 ± 6.55 cm; body mass = 79.38 ± 5.57 kg; BMI = 24.56 ± 2.11 kg·m-2; Squat = 129 ± 20 kg) performed two sessions, separated by one week, comprising 3 sets of 10 repetitions of the back squat with one minute of rest between sets. During the IF protocol participants were instructed to focus on tightening the quads during all repetitions, while participants in the EF were instructed to focus on lifting the barbell. Blood lactate samples were collected before and at immediately after each of the 3 sets, as well as 15 minutes after the last set. Additionally, the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was evaluated using the OMNI-RES scale immediately after the completion of each session. Results: Significant increases were found in the IF protocol at the end of each of the 3 sets, with significant effect sizes (1ª set, P= .000, d= 2.66; 2ª set, P= .000; d= 3.14; 3ª set, P= .000, d= 3.50), as in the EF protocol (1ª set, P= .001, d= 2.24; 2ª set, P= .000, d= 3.35; 3ª set, P= .000; d= 3.67). However, there were no significant inter-group differences between pre and any set (1ª set, P=0.951, d=0.03; 2ª set, P=0.239, d=0.47; 3ª set, P=0.435, d=0.31, respectively). Additionally, the perceptions on the RPE scale were higher in the FI (P= 0.032; d = 0.47). Conclusions: Findings suggest that the application of IF may indirectly contribute to muscle hypertrophy in multi-joint lower limb exercises, due to the increase in RPE values and the existing correlation with lactate production.
Keywords: Mind-muscle, muscle hypertrophy, internal focus, mind-muscle connection, resistance training
Efectividad de programas de intervención escolar orientada la reducción de la obesidad infantil: Una revisión sistemática (Effectiveness of school intervention programs to reduce childhood obesity)
Authors: Maldonado Soto Judith , Castillo-Quezada Humberto , Hernandez Mosqueira Claudio , Sandoval-Obando Eduardo
Published: December 2022

La prevalencia de la obesidad ha ido en un acelerado aumento en todo el mundo convirtiéndose en una de las preocupaciones de salud pública más desafiantes del siglo XXI. La escuela constituye uno de los lugares más favorables a la hora de orientar la conducta del niño mediante estilos de vida saludables, debido al gran número de horas que los estudiantes permanecen en ella y la cantidad de años de su formación académica. El objetivo fue determinar qué tipo de intervención escolar presenta mayores beneficios en la reducción de los índices de obesidad en escolares entre 6 a 12 años.  Se revisaron artículos publicados entre los años 2014 y 2020 en las siguientes bases de datos: Sciencedirect, Scielo y Pubmed, utilizando para ello las recomendaciones de la guía PRISMA. Se contabilizaron 656 artículos, tras la eliminación de la lectura de resúmenes (615), lectura de texto completo (41) donde solo 6 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se concluye que los programas de intervención analizados de carácter multimodal, principalmente donde se incluía la actividad física y hábitos alimenticios, son los más efectivos para la reducción de la obesidad en niños entre 6 y 12 años.
Palabras clave: Obesidad; Niños; Escuela; Programas
Abstract. The prevalence of obesity has been increasing rapidly throughout the world, becoming one of the most challenging public health concerns of the 21st century. The school is one of the most favorable places when it comes to guiding the child's behavior through healthy lifestyles, due to the large number of hours that students remain in it and the number of years of their academic training. The objective was to determine what type of school intervention has the greatest benefits in reducing obesity rates in schoolchildren between 6 and 12 years of age. Articles published between 2014 and 2020 in the following databases were reviewed: Sciencedirect, Scielo and Pubmed, using the recommendations of the PRISMA guide. 656 articles were counted, after the elimination of abstract reading (615), full text reading (41) where only 6 met the inclusion criteria. It is concluded that the multimodal intervention programs analyzed, mainly where physical activity and eating habits were included, are the most effective for reducing obesity in children between 6 and 12 years of age.
Key Words: Obesity, Child; School; Program.
Systematic Literature Review: Students' Sustainable Thinking Toward Environment
Authors: Ab Manaf Noor Asiah , Ahmad Rashid Rabiatul-Adawiah
Published: December 2022

Environmental issues are often debated in the mass media, thus indicating the need for improvement in existing efforts, primarily through the education system. It is common knowledge that environmental education is a curriculum integrated into several subjects, one of which is Moral Education. In addition, environmental sustainability is one of the elements across the curriculum applied in the Moral Education. This shows that the application of this education is crucial in helping to realize the goals of the Moral Education curriculum in line with the goals of sustainable development. Therefore, this article is presented to review the literature on students' sustainable thinking toward the environment. The researchers use the Systematic Literature Review methodology based on three stages of selecting relevant articles: identification, screening, and eligibility. The findings of this article showed that the level of sustainable thinking of students is still at a low level, while the application of environmental education is not satisfactory. This research integrated various research designs where studies were selected based on published standards. The articles used were those published from 2015 to 2022. This study selected articles using two leading databases, Scopus and Web of Science, and one supporting database, Google Scholar. This study is expected to be a source for other studies on sustainable thinking toward the environment.
The The Effects of Hedonic and Utilitarian Values on Consumer Intention to Return to Ethnic Restaurants
Authors: Nazlan Nadia Hanin , Zainal Artinah , Zali Ahmad Nizan
Published: December 2022

Ethnic restaurants play a crucial role in introducing non-ethnic clients to ethnic foods. Understanding the physical and psychological aspects that influence customer satisfaction and revisiting intention would benefit restaurateurs and contribute to the promotion of a nation's culinary history. This study examines the relationship between dining atmospherics, hedonic and utilitarian values on customer satisfaction and revisits intention in the ethnic fine dining restaurant context. 215 respondents were surveyed at 15 ethnic fine-dining establishments in Kuala Lumpur. The analysis found that restaurant ambiance and hedonic values are substantial predictors of customer satisfaction and propensity to return. Surprisingly, this is not true of utilitarian values. This paper presents implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research.
Pembangunan Produk Budaya Melayu Sebagai Sektor Pelancongan di Malaysia
Authors: Zakaria Zulayti , Hua Ang Kean
Published: December 2022

Secara genre, Kajian ini mendapati pelbagai pihak, baik dalam kalangan penggubal dasar, pelaksana pembangunan dan para penyelidik dalam bidang pelancongan sendiri, masih skeptikal tentang konsep pelancongan budaya yang masih belum dapat menjadi niche ataupun dapat berdiri sebagai bidang pelancongan tersendiri di negara ini walaupun sebenarnya produk budaya, terutamanya budaya Melayu, merupakan bahagian paling utama dalam produk pelancongan. Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk memaparkan realiti mengenai ciri-ciri budaya Melayu dalam sektor industri pelancongan, di mana pendekatan kualitatif secara observasi di aplikasikan untuk tujuan pengumpulan data. Data yang diperoleh daripada kajian lapangan, penelitian Laporan Tahunan pelbagai agensi kerajaan, bahan-bahan terbitan LPPM (Lembaga Penggalakan Pelancongan Malaysia, brosur Lembaga Kraf Tangan Malaysia, akhbar dan siaran televisyen serta temu bual dengan tokoh berwibawa dalam bidang ini. Dapatan kajian memaparkan produk pelancongan melibatkan pembangunan kraf Melayu, pembangunan makanan Melayu, dan pembangunan seni persembahan Melayu serta peranan tokoh dalam meningkatkan kebolehakses terhadap pelancongan budaya oleh pelbagai pihak. Kesimpulannya, pelancongan budaya bukan sahaja menjadi sumber daya tarikan atau ‘centre of gravity’ untuk menarik pelancong berkunjung ke sesebuah destinasi, malah merupakan penjanaan ekonomi utama bagi sesebuah negara.
UNDERSTANDING HALUA BRAHMIN AMONG THE BRAHMINS OF ODISHA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO GANJAM DISTRICT
Authors: Dhal Saroj Kumar , Sahoo Priyadarshini
Published: December 2022

Caste has been an important social fact from antiquity to modernity. It has influenced our society to a great extent. We can say it has affected our society from womb to tomb and cradle to grave, even beyond. Caste and hierarchy both are dependant on each other. Studies on caste, hierarchy, untouchability and many more aspects has been studied by many social scientists. Neither caste is homogenous not Brahmin. Both vary from state to state in many sense from rituals to identity. This particular paper giving an idea of one particular type of Brahmins in Odisha, named as ‘Halua’ Brahmin. There is a sociology behind this type of Brahmin. Their identity has been interpreted in many ways. They identify as half brahmin or as not pure brahmin. They straddle between Brahmins and non-Brahmins.
MENTAL HEALTH WELLBEING OF SCHOOL CHILDREN IN COVID-19
Authors: Mrinal Madhur
Published: December 2022

Paper deals with mental health of Children during lockdownand sharing his study- author’s work, a voluntary organization working in Delhi, on the mental health issues of the school children and his field work with school children on mental health narratives in pandemic. It finally sum ups in discussion on the myths of our education system, digital divide in gender, DGs and EWS and camp model approach.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIQUIDITY, PROFITABILITY, FINANCIAL LEVERAGE AND DIVIDEND POLICY: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AUTOMOBILE SECTOR IN INDIA
Authors: Yadav Sachita
Published: December 2022

This research is going to investigate the relationship between financial ratios and dividend policy of the automotive companies in India during the period 2010 to 2021. The Correlation, Regression, and Granger Causality Test has been used to identified the relationship between the dividend policy, liquidity, profitability and financial leverage of the Automotive Sector in India. The result of the empirical analysis showed that company like Maruti Suzuki has a high and stable dividend policy among all other automotive companies the current ratio and debt equity ratio are significantly negatively correlated with dividend pay-out ratio. M&M shown a positive and significant relationship between dividend pay-out ratio, return on assets and return on equity. This indicated that these companies pay more dividend in case of more earnings. The result of the study has drawn a conclusion that dividend policy is a discrete decision of the management of the company. Few companies are considering factors like liquidity, leverage, return on assets and return on equity while deciding the dividend policy and some companies are considering stable dividend policy irrespective of the other mentioned factors
AN APPLICATION OF THIRLWALL'S MODEL TO BOTSWANA'S ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: P.N Baitsile , G.R. Motlaleng , Z Kahaka
Published: December 2022

This paper estimates economic growth of Botswana using Thirlwall's and the Extended Thirlwall's models for the period of 1980-2016. Parameters from the Thirlwall's model shows the calculated growth rate of 5.63 percent while the actual growth rate was 6.52%. These growth rates are very close to each other. This indicates that price and income elasticities of exports and imports influence Botswana's economic growth. Our empirical findings support those of Matsheka (1998). These empirical findings suggest that the Thirlwall's law holds in Botswana. i.e., Botswana's economic growth rate is balance of payments constrained. The Extended Thirlwall's model showed lower growth rate of 4.26% which is less than the actual growth rate. This suggested that the productivity factor has not played a significant role in the economic growth of Botswana. This might not be surprising. Botswana's economic growth is driven by the growth of diamonds exports where productivity might not be easily measured like in the manufacturing and services industries. These findings are in contrast to those of Romero and McCombie (2016) when investigating the impact of relative productivity growth on trade performance on developed countries. It is recommended that Botswana should improve her exports diversification strategies to increase economic growth without deteriorating her balance of payments
THE IMPULSE RESPONSES OF CAPITAL, CONSUMPTION, AND PRICES IN THE STOCHASTIC RAMSEY MODEL WITH AN INFINITE TIME HORIZON EMPLOYING VALUE FUNCTION ITERATION AND LINEAR INTERPOLATION
Authors: Kong Lingkai , Chang Yunxin
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we use value function iteration and linear interpolation to solve an example of a stochastic, infinite-horizon Ramsey model, which is one kind of dynamic general equilibrium (DGE) model. To obtain an approximation of the policy function’s solution, we pick a grid of capital investments for each period, set the starting value of the value function, build an iterative loop to compute the new value using interpolation, and establish the selection criteria and stop conditions. We model transient shocks to total factor productivity (TFP) and capture the impulsive reactions of consumption, capital, and factor pricing, with the algorithm anticipated to converge in “x” iterations. This concept is helpful and inspiring for assessing financial risk avoidance and dealing with and better comprehending potential shocks.
MODEL OF THE INFLUENCE OF INTENSITY OF TRADE ON CHANGING OF WAGES OF EMPLOYEES OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Pankratov E. L.
Published: December 2022

In this paper we introduce a model for prognosis of changing of wages of employees of an industrial enterprise. The introduced model describes the dynamics of developing of economic systems under influence of trade-related effects
DİJİTAL BANKACILIK UYGULAMALARININ MÜŞTERİ DENEYİMİ, TATMİNİ VE SADAKATE ETKİSİ
Authors: DEMİREL Dr.öğretim Üyesi Serkan
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada bankacılık sektöründeki dijital dönüşümün ve değişimin müşteri deneyimi, müşteri tatmini ve sadakatine etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında veriler, dijital bankacılık müşterilerinden anket yöntemiyle (n=336) elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS istatistik programı aracılığı ile analiz edilmiş (Anova) ve yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre dijital bankacılık uygulamalarının kullanım sıklığı ve yoğunluğu yüksek bulunmuş, özellikle dijital bankacılık işlemlerinden mobil bankacılık uygulamalarının kullanımı diğerlerine göre fazla çıkmıştır. Ayrıca dijital bankacılık uygulamalarında müşteri deneyimi, müşteri tatmini ve sadakati arasında anlamlı etkileşim olduğu yapılan analizler ile tespit edilmiştir.
Pelatihan Pengembangan Kelembagaan Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUBE) di Kecamatan Moramo Utara
Authors: Arsyad Muhammad , Hos Jamaluddin , Bahtiar  , Upe Ambo , Supiyah Ratna , Roslan Suharty , Anggraini Dewi
Published: December 2022

This article begins with the problem of developing strategies for increasing capacity and how to improve the knowledge and awareness of group members to increase the productivity of joint business balance. The implementation of the activity has taken place in stages, starting with lectures and open discussions with all members of the collaborative business group and field agricultural extension officers. Based on the results of the activities that have been carried out, the joint business group institutional development training, namely the application of concepts and techniques delivered in training, farmer groups cooperate in developing businesses while always following the recommendations of field agricultural extension officers assigned to each village in North Moramo district. To the village, sub-district, community, and provincial governments to always listen and pay attention to the needs in the context of developing the institutions of the joint business groups in each village, especially those in each town. And to the field agricultural extension officers to continue to establish a joint business group in increasing its institutional capacity. The main contribution to be achieved and expected in this activity is to make a positive contribution, especially in enriching the insights of the members of the joint business group and the agricultural extension officers of the field.
Pelatihan Kewirausahaan pada Masyarakat di Desa Lalowulo Kecamatan Besulutu Kabupaten Konawe
Authors: Tanzil  , Juhaepa  , Peribadi  , Bauto La Ode Monto , Sarpin
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this community service activity is to conduct entrepreneurship training in the community to encourage people to have an independent life. This service activity was carried out in Lalowulo Village, Besulutu District, Konawe Regency. The implementation of this devotion is carried out in two stages; First counseling/training. In the first stage, the extension worker gives a lecture to the trainees. Extension workers/trainers encourage all participants to have high motivation for entrepreneurship. Furthermore, extension workers/training interact directly with citizenship to understand the problems faced in entrepreneurship. This service activity also utilizes the Focus Group Discussions method with various parties, especially with the local government, and business actors. This activity has also provided guidance to business groups in the community. The group of business groups is encouraged and trained to take advantage of the opportunities that exist to obtain the greatest profit. This activity is integrated with the Village Development Program in the area of service activities so that there is mutual support between the community and the Village Government.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Nelayan di Wilayah Pesisir Kecamatan Marusu Kabupaten Maros
Authors: Sumandiyar Adi
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the success of empowering fishing communities in the coastal areas of Marusu District, Maros Regency. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, with a multisystemic approach model used to provide an overview of the research location. A qualitative descriptive research approach is used to thoroughly analyze the author's main ideas about the subject in the form of discourse and context of specificity. The results showed that the implementation of empowering fishing communities in the coastal areas of Marusu District, Maros Regency, was by making instruments that regulate the empowerment of fishing communities. This is done to be able to optimize the quality of the coastal environment covering social, economic, and cultural aspects. In addition, the strategy can create an atmosphere conducive to the implementation of development to provide access to various interests of fishing communities to optimize development in coastal areas.
Diversifikasi Olahan Produk Pisang sebagai Potensi Desa Putrapinggan Kecamatan Kalipucang Kabupaten Pangandaran
Authors: Masitoh Noneng , Yuniasih Yuyun , Rahmawati Mira , Marino Wilman
Published: December 2022

Putrapinggan Village is a village that is included in the Pangandaran Regency area with abundant natural resources, one of its mainstay commodities is processed banana products in the form of banana chips and sales. The potential of processed banana products has not been optimally absorbed because it is only produced based on the request of the packaging center without being able to independently expand the market. The purpose of community service is to increase knowledge and skills regarding the diversification of processed banana products so that people know how to modify the product so that it is more diverse, able to last a long time, and provides added value. Methods in implementing this community service program include socialization of activities; Problem mapping; Organizing training by involving residents who use processed bananas; and Community assistance in the form of making banana processed products. The results of the service activities have achieved the goal of increasing insight into the diversification of banana processing and improving skills in making various banana products for higher selling values, including banana cakes, banana steamed cakes, banana cakes, and banana satay.
Dealing with Literature Review and Epistemological Underpinnings in Grounded Theory Methodology
Authors: Niasse Ndiaga
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper is to review the crucial debate about undertaking a literature review and adopting an epistemological position in doing a grounded theory study. By relying on existing knowledge about the subject, three main Grounded Theory Approaches are discussed: Glaserian, Straussian, and Constructivist Grounded Theory Methodology. All of them differ somewhat both in adopting an epistemological stance that fits well with their research strategy and conducting a literature review at the earlier stages of the research process. The paper contributes to enhancing knowledge about Glaser’s dictum of ‘getting started’ which seems to be misunderstood by those who still misunderstand the Grounded Theory Methodology (GTM) orthodoxy version.
Strategi dan efisiensi pemasaranikan bandeng (chanos chanos.) oleh petani tambak di desa Tratebang Kecamatan Wonokerto Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Wiharso, dan  R. Pramono Nur Agil Wibowo,
Published: December 2022

ABSTRAK            Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran, marjin pemasaran, farmer's share dan efisiensi pemasaran Ikan Bandeng. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Tratebang Kecamatan Wonokerto Kabupaten Pekalongan pada bulan Februari sampai dengan Maret 2021. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Mengambil responden 30 petani tambak menggunakan metode random sampling. Responden pedagang pengumpul 3 orang, pedagang besar 3 orang dan pedagang pengecer 8 orang dengan metode snowball sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara terstruktur, kuisoner, observasi dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : 1). Saluran pemasaran ikan bandeng ada 4 saluran. 2). Strategi SWOT : Meningkatkan produksi ikan bandeng.,Memperluas jangkauan pemasaran ikan bandeng agar semakin dikenal di luar kota., Memaksimalkan potensi dari ikan bandeng. Ketersediaan fasilitas dan infrastruktur untuk memasarkan ikan bandeng. 3). saluran pemasaran yang relatif efisien adalah saluran 1 dengan nilai marjin pemasaran sebesar Rp 4.000 /kg, nilai farmer’s share sebesar 82,61 persen, dan nilai rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya sebesar 1.64
Analisis Kepuasan Pengunjung Dan Pengembangan Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana Di Desa Gondang, Kecamatan Limbangan, Kabupaten Kendal
Authors: Harum Sitepu dan  Sulistyowati Heny Kartika,
Published: December 2022

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepuasan pengunjung Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana dan  bagaimana cara pengembangan Agrowisata tersebut.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif deskriptif melalui Analisis SWOT, pengambilan sampel dengan metode accidental sampling, dan pengumpulan data dengan interview, kuesioner (Angket), dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) kepuasan pengunjung dengan variabel Sumber Daya Manusia  didapat 77,3% (Puas), Sumber Daya Alam didapat 78 % (Puas), Sarana dan Prasarana didapat 78,6% (Puas), Harga didapat 72% (Puas), Emosi didapat 92% (Sangat Puas). 2) pengembangan Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana masuk dalam posisi kuadaran II yang artinya Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana menghadapi berbagai ancaman tetapi masih memiliki kekuatan dalam segi internal. Alternatif strategi tersebut berupa S-O, S-T, W-O, dan W-T. Kesimpulan : kepuasan pengunjung terhadap Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana dikatakan puas yaitu dengan rata-rata 79,6%. Sedangkan alternatif strategi pengembangan Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana menggunakan Analisis SWOT terdiri atas enam alternatif strategi yaitu, memperbanyak spot foto yang unik dan khas, membuat acara pada saat akhir pekan, membuat tim khusus promosi, menerapkan perkembangan teknologi dalam sistem kerja, meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dan fasilitas, serta melakukan kerjasama dengan berbagai pihak untuk melakukan acara.
A Critical Analysis of Democratic Elections as a Dimension of Peace and Legitimacy: A Case Study of the Liberian Electoral System (2005 - 2014)
Authors: Joekai. Jr. Josiah F. , Sayndee Prof. T. Debey
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the research was to do an in-depth analysis of elections with a focus on providing a clear understanding of democratic elections as a dimension of peace and legitimacy. The emphasis of the research was on the electoral system of Liberia and the measure of its contribution to the promotion of peace and legitimacy in the country from 2005 to 2014. The researcher used the qualitative research method, descriptive design, and questionnaires as data collection tools. The population of the research was five hundred fifty-five (555) representing the population of the workforce of the National Elections Commission of Liberia and the leaders of registered political parties. The sample size of the research was fifty-five (55) based on Purposive Sampling Techniques (Patton, 1990). The research showed that in spite of frequent elections conducted from 2005 to 2014, not many Liberians understand elections within the framework of the concept of democracy. Many are yet to understand or come to the full realization that there are roles, rights, and responsibilities of the individual citizen in democracy beyond ballot casting. The research further showed that 34.5% of respondents of the total of 55 respondents said the extent to which Liberians understand democracy as a model of governance is very little. This finding has implications for the attainment of genuine peace and legitimacy in Liberia. The researcher concluded that there is an urgent need for government to establish a national mechanism for a rolling public or civic education program that will deepen the understanding of the people on elections and democracy-related issues on a regular basis. In his conclusion, the researcher furthered that this gap is responsible for the reported limited understanding of the citizenry and if the principle of participation must be realized, then efforts have to be made to educate the citizenry on democratic values and principles.
Kinetics of Tyrosinase Inhibition, Antioxidant Activity, Total Flavonoid Content and Analysis of Averrhoa bilimbi L. Extracts and its Fruit Vinegar Using FTIR and Multivariate Methods
Authors: Thummajitsakul Sirikul , Silprasit Kun
Published: December 2022

Melanin is a natural substance responsible for human skin pigmentation. Tyrosinase is known as a key enzyme involved in melanin production; therefore, hyperactivity of this enzyme leads to hyperpigmentation in human. In current study, leaves and fruits of Averrhoa bilimbi L. were extracted with ethanol and water solvents, and its fruit vinegar was produced by fermenting fresh fruits with sugar at room temperature for 10 days. The leaf and aqueous extracts of A. bilimbi L. and its fruit vinegar were investigated for tyrosinase inhibitory activity using L-DOPA as substrates, antioxidant activity using 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation decolorization assay and total flavonoid content (TFC) using aluminium chloride colorimetric method.  Moreover, kinetic study of anti-tyrosinase activity of A. bilimbi extracts and its fruit vinegar, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and principal component analysis (PCA) were carried out. The result indicated ethanol extracts from A. bilimbi fruits and leaves showed the highest TFC and anti-tyrosinase activity, whereas aqueous extracts of its fruits and leaves showed the highest radical scavenging activity. Interestingly, the result revealed the existence of TFC, radical scavenging activity and anti-tyrosinase activity in the vinegar sample. The anti-tyrosinase potential of the fruit and leaf ethanol extracts of A. bilimbi was identified as an uncompetitive inhibitor (Km= 0.54 and 0.51 µM, Vmax= 0.0173 and 0.0146 O.D.450/min, respectively). Positive correlation was significantly found between radical scavenging activity and TFC, between anti-tyrosinase activity and TFC, between FTIR data and TFC, and between FTIR data and anti-tyrosinase activity, (r = 0.83, 0.56, 0.66, 0.75; p-value < 0.05, respectively). Therefore, the extracts and fruit vinegar of A. bilimbi L. could be considered as natural source of an anti-tyrosinase compounds for cosmetics and healthy foods.
HIGHLIGHTS

The ethanol extracts and fruit vinegar showed high flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and anti-tyrosinase activity
The anti-tryrosinase potential was identified as an uncompetitive inhibitor
Positive correlation was significantly found between chemical and biological data
FTIR, PCA and cluster analysis showed differentiation between extracts and its fruit vinegar

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Türk Romanında Milli Mücadele Dönemi'nin Merkezi Ankara'ya Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: GÖRGÜLÜ Pelin
Published: December 2022

İki bin beş yüz yılı aşkın süredir var olan Ankara, Anadolu topraklarının en eski yerleşim yerlerinden biridir. Milli mücadele yıllarına gelene kadar çevresindeki savaşlara uzaktan bakmış, Kurtuluş Savaşı’na ve Cumhuriyet’in ilanına yakından şahitlik etmiş, hürriyet ve istikbal mücadelesini bizzat yaşamıştır. O yıllarda Ankara, ülke topraklarının kaderini değiştiren önemli olaylara ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Stratejik konumu, telgraf ve demiryolları ağı ile düşman işgali altında olan yerlere yakınlığı, şehrin güvenli bir yere kurulduğunu göstermekteydi. 27 Aralık 1919’da Gazi Paşa’nın Dikmen sırtlarından Ankara’ya gelmesiyle şehir, milli mücadelenin kalbi olmuştur. 1923’te yeni devletin -Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin- başkenti olan bu küçük taşra kasabası, bir harekatın bedeni ve büyük bir fikrin sembolüdür. Ankara’nın siyasal karargah olmasının yanında bütün bu yaşananlarla beraber, şehrin edebi hayatta da etkin bir rol oynadığını görmekteyiz. Anadolu’nun ortasında çorak, bakımsız, küçük bir taşra kasabası olan şehir, milli mücadele romanlarına büyük ölçüde kaynaklık etmiştir.. Bu dönemde yazarlarımız, ölüm kalım mücadelesi veren Türk milletine moral olmuş, cephe gerisindeki Türk askerine yazılarıyla destek olmuşlardır.

Bu çalışmamızda Ankara’nın milli mücadele yıllardaki durumu seçtiğimiz eserler üzerinden tasvir edilerek incelenecektir. Çalışmamıza kaynak edecek olan eserler ise Halide Edip Adıvar- Türk’ün Ateşle İmtihanı, Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu-Ankara, Aka Gündüz - Dikmen Yıldızı olarak belirlenmiştir.
Effectiveness of the Force Account Approach in Tanzanian Local Government Authorities: Do Management Support and Staff Competence Matter?
Authors: Macharia Theresia Ernest , Banzi Alex Lelian , Changalima Ismail Abdi
Published: December 2022

In Tanzania, the force account approach has been used for years as a technique for procuring works in the form of construction projects. In this regard, it is necessary to investigate the effectiveness of the force account approach in construction projects. The objective of this research is to look into the influence of management support and staff competence on the effectiveness of the force account approach in Tanzanian local government construction projects. Cross-sectional data were collected from procurement practitioners involved in force account construction projects at Kongwa District Council using structured questionnaires. The findings revealed that management support and staff competence are important determinants of the effectiveness of the force account approach in Tanzanian local government authorities' construction projects. The findings also revealed that staff competence is the most important factor influencing the effectiveness of force account in local government authorities, with β = 0.558 and p is less than 0.001. Furthermore, management support and the force account approach's effectiveness are positively and significantly related (β = 0.233 and p = 0.006). As a result, procurement practitioners in respective local government authorities should ensure that they can implement the force account approach. The study also suggests future research on other factors that may explain the variation in the effectiveness of implementing the force account approach. Furthermore, because the study focused on local government authorities, future studies can be conducted by soliciting input from central governments and other public procuring entities.
Editor’s Introduction: Assessing Writing Programs and Their Impacts on Students
Authors: Whithaus Carl
Published: December 2022

This editor's column provides an overview of Tamara Tate and Mark Warschauer's "Access, Digital Writing, and Achievement," Mary Stewart’s “Confronting the Ideologies of Assimilation and Colorblindness in Writing Program Assessment through Antiracist Dynamic Criteria Mapping," and Analeigh Horton's “Two Sisters and a Heuristic for Listening to Multilingual, International Students’ Directed Self-Placement Stories.”
Noviembre-diciembre
Authors: El Editor
Published: December 2022

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ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 45, No. 505-506, 1990: 1045-1058.
1924’ten 2018’e Temel Eğı̇tı̇m Matematı̇k Dersı̇ Öğretı̇m Programlarının Eleştı̇rel ve Yaratıcı Düşünme Becerı̇lerı̇ Açısından İncelenmesı̇
Authors: KÖPRÜLÜ Sultan , KORKMAZ Hunkar
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada, resmi temel eğitim matematik dersi öğretim programlarının, eleştirel ve yaratıcı düşünme becerileri açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel bir çalışma olan bu araştırmada doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın verilerini 1924-2018 tarihleri arası geliştirilen temel eğitim matematik dersi öğretim programlarının yazılı metinleri oluşturmuştur. İlgili dokümanlar içerik analizi tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Alan yazında eleştirel ve yaratıcı düşünme becerilerinin kapsamı temele alınarak programda ilgili becerilerle bağlantılı olan kodlar, kodlardan benzer amaçlara hizmet edenler gruplandırılarak kategoriler elde edilmiştir. Eleştirel düşünme becerileri açısından (1) Muhakeme etme (2) Karar verme veya sonuç çıkarma (3) Varsayımları fark etme (4) Zihinden işlem veya tahmin stratejileri kullanma (5) Araştırma yapma (6) Değerlendirme (7) Eleştirel düşünme ve yaratıcı düşünme becerileri açısından (1) Farklı veya orijinal yollar arama (2) Zihinden işlem veya tahmin stratejisi kullanma (3) Keşfetme veya oluşturma (4) Problem kurma veya zenginleştirme (5) Yaratıcı düşünme kategorileri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak hazırlanan bütün programlarda eleştirel ve yaratıcı düşünmenin ele alındığı fakat programlarda öne çıkan kategorilerin değiştiği görülmüştür. Programlarda eleştirel ve yaratıcı düşünme becerileri açısından bir standardın oluşmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca hedefler, eğitim durumları ve sınama durumları açısından incelendiğinde bütün programlarda hedefler ögesinin ön plana çıktığı diğer ögelerde ise eleştirel ve yaratıcı düşünme becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik yeterli açıklamanın bulunmadığıdır.
MODIFICATION OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER ATCC 11414 GROWTH FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF PROTEASE PRODUCTION BY THE EFFECT OF NATURAL MICROPARTICLES
Authors: ÇOBAN Hasan Buğra
Published: December 2022

Even though fungal proteases under interest, bulk fungal growth during the productions decreases the overall mass transfer and consequently the yield. In this study, instead of inorganic microparticles, various organic microparticles were used in the production medium to prevent bulky fungal growth and increase the homogeneity. Results showed that all microparticle additions did not only increased the maximum enzyme activity but also decreased the required time to reach the highest value. Among organic microparticle addition productions, the highest protease activity was reported as 100,76 U/ml in walnut shells added flasks, which was approximately 1,4 fold higher compared to highest activity obtained in the control production. It was also reported that microparticle addition increased the homogeneity but also resulted in higher viscosity due to hyphae type growth. Additionally, evaluation of various storage temperatures showed that produced enzyme lost only its 7% activity at 4oC at the end of 25 days.