bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Participant Contributions to Person-Generated Health Data Research Using Mobile Devices: Scoping Review
Authors: Song Shanshan , Ashton Micaela , Yoo Rebecca Hahn , Lkhagvajav Zoljargal , Wright Robert , Mathews Debra J H , Taylor Casey Overby
Published: September 2024

Background

Mobile devices offer an emerging opportunity for research participants to contribute person-generated health data (PGHD). There is little guidance, however, on how to best report findings from studies leveraging those data. Thus, there is a need to characterize current reporting practices so as to better understand the potential implications for producing reproducible results.

Objective

The primary objective of this scoping review was to characterize publications’ reporting practices for research that collects PGHD using mobile devices.

Methods

We comprehensively searched PubMed and screened the results. Qualifying publications were classified according to 6 dimensions—1 covering key bibliographic details (for all articles) and 5 covering reporting criteria considered necessary for reproducible and responsible research (ie, “participant,” “data,” “device,” “study,” and “ethics,” for original research). For each of the 5 reporting dimensions, we also assessed reporting completeness.

Results

Out of 3602 publications screened, 100 were included in this review. We observed a rapid increase in all publications from 2016 to 2021, with the largest contribution from US authors, with 1 exception, review articles. Few original research publications used crowdsourcing platforms (7%, 3/45). Among the original research publications that reported device ownership, most (75%, 21/28) reported using participant-owned devices for data collection (ie, a Bring-Your-Own-Device [BYOD] strategy). A significant deficiency in reporting completeness was observed for the “data” and “ethics” dimensions (5 reporting factors were missing in over half of the research publications). Reporting completeness for data ownership and participants’ access to data after contribution worsened over time.

Conclusions

Our work depicts the reporting practices in publications about research involving PGHD from mobile devices. We found that very few papers reported crowdsourcing platforms for data collection. BYOD strategies are increasingly popular; this creates an opportunity for improved mechanisms to transfer data from device owners to researchers on crowdsourcing platforms. Given substantial reporting deficiencies, we recommend reaching a consensus on best practices for research collecting PGHD from mobile devices. Drawing from the 5 reporting dimensions in this scoping review, we share our recommendations and justifications for 9 items. These items require improved reporting to enhance data representativeness and quality and empower participants.
Medical information retrieval systems in diabetes management
Authors: Krytskyy T.I. , Pasyechko N.V. , Naumova L.V.
Published: September 2024

Background. Medical information retrieval is becoming more crucial as a way to support decision-making and improve access to knowledge and information for doctors and other specialists in the field. By the incorporation of medical domain knowledge for relevance evaluation, integrating the medical knowledge bases has the potential to enhance information retrieval performance. The system uses various search algorithms and techniques to provide accurate and comprehensive results to medical professionals and researchers. Medical information retrieval systems are particularly useful for healthcare providers who need to stay up-to-date with the latest medical research, guidelines, and treatment options. The purpose was to study the use of medical information systems to improve the quality of medical care for patients with diabetes. Materials and methods. To assess the relevance of research using information systems in the SCOPUS database, an analytical query was formulated: ALL (“Diabetes”) AND (ALL (“Constant monitoring of glucose”) OR ALL (“Coefficient of variability of glucose”) OR ALL (“Time in the given target range”) OR ALL (“Time above range”) OR ALL (“Time below range”) OR ALL (“Insulin pump”). A search query on this topic found 17,532 scientific papers from 1974 to 2023. Results. The largest number of literary sources on the researched topic falls on 2014–2023. During this period, 10,531 works were published. In 2014, 728 papers were published, and in 2023 — 1,499 papers, which confirms the constant growth of interest and relevance in improving medical care for patients with diabetes worldwide. Since the statistics show a steady annual increase in the number of patients with diabetes, the search for effective methods of control and treatment of this nosology is extremely urgent. Conclusions. The implementation of medical information systems in diabetology has significant potential and can significantly improve the control and management of the disease, increase not only the duration, but also the quality of life of patients and optimize the work of medical personnel.
Association between diabetes distress and sociodemographic factors among adults in Ukraine
Authors: Pankiv V.I. , Yuzvenko T.Yu. , Vasiuk V.L. , Nykytiuk L.A. , Yuzvenko V.S. , Mikulets L.V.
Published: September 2024

Background. Diabetes-related distress (DRD) is a psychological syndrome with worsened prognosis in uncontrolled diabetic patients. Risk of DRD progression is increased with uncontrolled diabetes, development of complications, concomitant medical conditions, and complicated treatment regimens. In addition to the di­sease burden, there are other factors that increase the risk of DRD such as lower level of education, younger age, se­dentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, and poor self-care behavior. The current study purposed to assess the factors contributing to DRD among the Ukrainian population using the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17) score and its sub-scores. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted between January and June 2024 enrolling 125 diabetic patients from five Ukrainian regions. The survey included two parts: the first section gathe­red sociodemographic data and the second one focused on assessing the DDS-17 score. Results. Participants aged 46 years old and above had higher emotional distress compared to younger patients. Those with a primary educational level showed significantly higher emotional distress than those with a secondary level of education. Participants who were treated with both insulin and non-insulin medications or had a diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mm Hg showed significant moderate to high distress. Participants who lived in rural areas showed higher distress. Obese and overweight people had significant moderate to high distress. The association between medical history with total distress showed that participants with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of more than 8.0 followed by those who had HbA1c between 7.1 and 8.0 showed moderate to high total distress. Conclusions. It is concluded that the prevalence of DRD is high in Ukraine, more common among rural residents, and among participants with high HbA1c, low educational level and those on complex treatment regimens. Screening for DRD and providing better support can optimize clinical outcomes.
Cytotoxicity of hantap (Sterculia oblongata Mast) leaves extracts against breast cancer cell line (T47D): effect on apoptosis and caspase-3 mRNA expression
Authors: Adika Suwarman  , Indwiani Astuti  , Woro Rukmi Pratiwi  , Sitti Ayu Suhartina Yahya
Published: September 2024

Hantap (Sterculia oblongata Mast) leaves has been traditionally used in Palu, Central Sulawesi to treat breast cancer. However, its scientific evidence is limited. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of hantap leaf extracts against T47D breast cancer cells. The apoptotic activity of the extracts and its effect on caspase expression were also evaluated. The extracts were prepared by multilevel maceration using n-hexane, methanol, and water. Cytotoxic activity was evaluated by MTT assay. The apoptotic activity was observed by using a fluorescence microscope after acridine orange-propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining, whereas the caspase-3 mRNA expression was examined by using RT-PCR. Among the 3 tested extracts, the methanol extract exhibited the highest cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 85 μg/mL. The methanol extract at concentrations of 42.5 μg/mL (½IC50), 85 μg/mL (IC50), and 170 μg/mL (2IC50) induced 127.25, 85.50, 479.5% of cell apoptosis, respectively. Furthermore, the methanol extract at concentrations of ½IC50, IC50, and 2IC50 increased 1.04, 1.43 and 1.69 time higher of caspase-3 mRNA expression. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of hantap leaf exhibits cytotoxicity against T47D breast cancer cells, by inducing apoptosis and increasing caspase-3 mRNA expression.
Single nucleotide polymorphism of AGT rs699 in the pathogenesis of hypertension and ACE inhibitors response: a narrative review
Authors: Hartienah Septiayu Dwi , Ikawati Muthi' , Zullies Ikawati
Published: September 2024

Hypertension is a chronic cardiovascular disease that affects more than one billion people in the world. Angiotensinogen in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is the main precursor encoded by angiotensinogen (AGT) gene and plays an important role in the development of hypertension. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of AGT gene is thought related to the pathogenesis of hypertension and angiotensinogen levels in plasma that may affect response to ACE inhibitors. This article reviewed the association of SNP AGT rs699 with the pathogenesis of hypertension and ACE inhibitors response. A total of 14 articles published from 1995 to 2023 were collected from databases including NCBI, Google Scholar,  PubMed  and  Science Direct. Several studies in different populations have been conducted and showed various results. The T allele or TT genotype of AGT rs699 was associated in the pathogenesis of hypertension. However, the association between AGT rs699 and ACE inhibitor response shows inconsistent results, thus further research is needed.
Intralingual and Interlingual Translation of Chinese Classics—Taking the English Translation of the Tao Te Ching as an Example
Authors: Ye Zixian
Published: September 2024

Chinese classical texts represent the essence of Chinese culture, encapsulating rich humanistic, philosophical, and scientific content. This paper takes the translation and appreciation of Chinese classical texts as its focus, aiming to delve into the significant implications for cultural heritage and cross-cultural communication in this field. With Arthur Waley's English translation of the Tao Te Ching as the subject of study, the paper initially explores the linguistic and cultural differences encountered in the translation process, as well as the contextual shifts between ancient and modern times. Subsequently, the paper places a particular emphasis on analyzing the role of translation and appreciation in cultural heritage, underscoring the importance of disseminating Chinese culture through translation. Building on this foundation, the paper further investigates the facilitating role of classical text translation in cross-cultural communication, conducting a thorough analysis of how translation can foster dialogue and understanding between different cultures. Finally, in conjunction with the translation philosophy of Roman Jakobson, the paper proposes practical methods for translating Chinese classical texts, with the overarching goal of accurately conveying the original content.
Применение методики компенсации остаточных деформаций при прямом лазерном выращивании крупногабаритных изделий
Authors: Ковчик А.Ю. , Вильданов А.М. , Алымов Н.Р. , Иванов С.Ю. , Мендагалиев Р.В.
Published: September 2024

Прямое лазерное выращивание находит
широкое применение в наукоемких
отраслях промышленности благодаря
возможности создания сложнопрофильных
изделий, изготовление которых невозможно
традиционными методами производства.
Однако производственный процесс
осложнен формированием остаточных
напряжений и деформаций в изделии
негативно влияющих на его качество. Поле
распределения напряжений и деформаций
в изделии связано с его геометрией.
В данной статье представлены основные
способы решения данной проблемы,
описаны типовые для ПЛВ виды деформаций
и методы их компенсации. Представлены
результаты компенсации деформаций на
примере четырех изделий различной формы,
из нержавеющей стали марки 12Х18Н10Т
и жаропрочного сплава ВЖ159.
Безопасность – вопрос комплексный
Authors: Попов С.А.
Published: September 2024

С 29 мая по 1 июня 2024 года в павильонах и на открытых площадках армейского конгрессно-выставочного центра "Патриот" в подмосковной Кубинке состоялся XV Международный салон средств обеспечения безопасности "Комплексная безопасность – 2024". Одной из традиционных тем мероприятия был "Безопасный город".
Проверка УЗИП в процессе эксплуатации: чем, зачем, как и когда. Часть 2
Authors: Терентьев Д.Е.
Published: September 2024

Рассматривается проверка устройств защиты от импульсных помех. В первой части статьи (ПЕРВАЯ МИЛЯ, 2024, №2) были даны ответы на вопросы: чем проверять УЗИП и зачем этим заниматься. Осталось ответить еще на два: как и когда. Во второй части рассмотрены УЗИП для защиты цепей связи и передачи данных.
Leveraging Data Analytics in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Approach to Integration and Reporting
Authors: Komanpally Srinivas Reddy
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This comprehensive article explores the transformative role of data analytics in modern healthcare, focusing on the critical processes of data integration and advanced reporting. It examines how healthcare organizations are leveraging sophisticated analytical tools to consolidate diverse data sources, including electronic health records, laboratory results, and claims data, into unified systems that provide actionable insights. The article delves into advanced integration techniques such as semantic interoperability and metadata-driven architectures, and discusses the functionalities of advanced reporting tools, including interactive dashboards and data visualizations. Key applications of healthcare data analytics are explored, ranging from evidence-based decision-making to improved patient care coordination and enhanced operational efficiency. The article also addresses the significant impacts of integrated data and advanced reporting on patient outcomes, healthcare provider performance, and overall system efficiency. While highlighting the potential of these technologies, the article acknowledges challenges such as data privacy concerns, implementation barriers, and the growing skill gap in healthcare analytics. Looking towards the future, the article discusses emerging trends in healthcare data analytics, including the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning, and provides recommendations for healthcare organizations to effectively harness the power of data analytics. Through a balanced examination of current practices, challenges, and future directions, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the state of data analytics in healthcare and its potential to revolutionize patient care and healthcare management.
Systems of Farm-level Storage of Food Grains and Use of Ferrocement for making Silos: A Review
Authors: Deshpande Chetan S. , Deshpande Dr. Narendra V.
Published: September 2024

Abstract: In India, agriculture is considered as backbone for its economic development in view of the facts that agriculture and allied sectors have significant share on revenue and employment generation. Therefore, in the era of industrial development, agriculture still holds a place of pride for the national development. According to the Department of Food & Public Distribution of India, it aims to ensure food security for the country by monitoring its production and facilitating sufficient food grain storage systems. The focus is on incentivizing farmers through fair value of their produce by way of Minimum Support Price mechanism. To fulfill the aforementioned policy, along with sufficient production of food grains, proper storage facilities should be ensured. Ferrocement is a strong, versatile, light weight, durable building material which is simple in composition, requires almost no formwork, labour intensive with minimum skill and of low overall construction cost. Ferrocement may prove to be an effective and overall economic material for the construction of grain storage silos. Thus, the review covers the food grain storage systems in India, study of response of ferrocement as a structural material and pressure computation in silos
Shear Strength of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Talokar Prof. Saurabh V.
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This paper present an experimental investigation of geopolymer concrete. Cement is one of the most important construction material. Cement is a backbone of civil engineering work. Development of whole world depends upon increasing infrastructure. For which cement is very necessary. Manufacturing of cement produce huge amount of carbon di-oxide and other greenhouse gases which is hazardous to the environment causes pollution. Hence it is very necessary to develop alternative binding material instead of cement for construction. Many researchers contribute their work on replacement of cement in concrete. Now a day’s various researchers contribute their research for using industrial waste instead of cement in concrete such as fly ash, Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) which form a geo-polymer concrete by adding alkaline material such as sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. For design purpose shear strength is very important for any type of concrete because shear strength is very ductile in nature. So many researchers work on compressive strength, tensile strength, etc. but very few study is available on shear strength of fly ash geo-polymer concrete. Fly ash based geo-polymer concrete require elevated temperature for curing to improve strength properties and it impossible on actual site. In this project we can prepare fly ash based geopolymer concrete at ambient temperature curing by adding percentage of GGBS with fly ash to improve strength of concrete and obtained compressive strength and shear strength. From the result compressive strength and shear strength of concrete increases with increasing GGBS content with percentage of fly ash. Compressive strength of concrete at 28 days in ambient curing obtained is 9.88 Mpa, 31.10 Mpa, 33.15 Mpa, 35.27 Mpa and 41.07 Mpa for percentage replacement of GGBS with fly ash is 00%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% respectively and shear strength obtained is 0.59 Mpa, 1.14 Mpa, 1.18 Mpa, 1.23 Mpa and 1.34 Mpa for percentage replacement of GGBS with fly ash is 00%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% respectively. From above result it will be say that fly ash based geopolymer concrete may be used for construction purpose
Solution-Focused Therapy for improving spouse’s communication pattern
Authors: Ramadhana Firgineta Salsabela , Pertiwi Ratih Eka , Suryaningrum Cahyaning
Published: September 2024

Problems in the family, especially among married couples, are often caused by unhealthy communication patterns such as indirect communication. The aim of this research is to improve communication patterns between husband and wife to be more effective. The assessment was applied to the married couple using interviews, observation methods, and the Couple Communication Satisfaction Scale (CCSS). The results show that the husband and the wife had difﬁculties in expressing their aspirations and emotions. The husband is unable to communicate his loneliness after retirement. Moreover, he wants to spend time with his wife at home. On the other hand, the wife is busy with her work, she rarely pays attention to her husband at home. The intervention technique was 6 sessions of Solution-Focused Therapy (SFT) to improve the communication pattern between spouses. The results indicated that the therapy is an effective intervention to improve communication patterns. At the end of the intervention, the husband and wife can communicate directly and openly.
Permasalahan dalam keluarga, khususnya pada pasangan suami istri, sering kali disebabkan oleh pola komunikasi yang tidak sehat seperti komunikasi tidak langsung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperbaiki pola komunikasi suami istri agar lebih efektif. Asesmen dilakukan pada pasangan suami istri dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi, dan Couple Communication Satisfaction Scale (CCSS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suami istri mengalami kesulitan dalam mengungkapkan aspirasi dan emosi. Suami tidak mampu mengomunikasikan rasa kesepiannya setelah pensiun. Selain itu, ia ingin menghabiskan waktu bersama istri di rumah. Di sisi lain, istri sibuk dengan pekerjaannya, ia jarang memperhatikan suaminya di rumah. Teknik intervensi yang dilakukan adalah Solution-Focused Therapy (SFT) sebanyak 6 sesi untuk memperbaiki pola komunikasi pasangan suami istri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terapi tersebut merupakan intervensi yang efektif untuk memperbaiki pola komunikasi. Di akhir intervensi, suami istri dapat berkomunikasi secara langsung dan terbuka.
Pengaruh terapi REACH forgiveness terhadap dimensi attachment remaja dengan perilaku Non Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI)
Authors: Kristianti Windy , Yuspendi Yuspendi , Cahyono Maria Yuni Megarini
Published: September 2024

Insecure attachment to parents can cause many problems in adolescents, one of which is Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) behavior. This research aims to determine the effect of REACH forgiveness therapy on the attachment dimensions of adolescents with NSSI behavior. This research uses an experimental method with a single group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects were 3 people, still attending junior high school, and all three of them were doing NSSI due to insecure attachment to their parents. The research results obtained showed that there was no signiﬁcant inﬂuence from REACH forgiveness therapy on the attachment dimensions of adolescents with NSSI behavior, but forgiveness therapy had a relatively moderate impact on the three subjects. Another ﬁnding obtained was that the three subjects no longer engaged in NSSI due to insecure attachment with their parents.
Keterikatan tidak aman dengan orang tua dapat menimbulkan banyak masalah pada remaja, salah satunya adalah perilaku Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi memaafkan REACH terhadap dimensi kelekatan pada remaja dengan perilaku NSSI. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain single group pretest-posttest. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 3 orang, masih duduk di bangku SMP, dan ketiganya melakukan NSSI karena insecure attachment dengan orang tuanya. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari terapi memaafkan REACH terhadap dimensi kelekatan pada remaja dengan perilaku NSSI, namun terapi memaafkan memberikan dampak yang relatif sedang pada ketiga subjek. Temuan lain yang diperoleh adalah ketiga subjek tidak lagi melakukan NSSI karena insecure attachment dengan orang tuanya.
KWHO-CNN: A Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm Based Optimzed Attention-Driven CNN for Automatic Clinical Depression Recognition
Authors: Priti Parag Gaikwad  , Mithra Venkatesan
Published: September 2024

Depression is a widespread mental disorder with inconsistent symptoms that make diagnosis challenging in clinical practice and research. Nevertheless, the poor identification may be partially explained by the fact that present approaches ignore patients' vocal tract modifications in favour of merely considering speech perception aspects. This study proposes a novel framework, KWHO-CNN, integrating a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm with Attention-Driven Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), to enhance depression detection using speech data. It addresses challenges like variability in speech patterns and small sample sizes by optimizing feature selection and classification. Initial pre-processing involves noise reduction, data normalization, and segmentation, followed by feature extraction, primarily utilizing Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs). The Krill Wolf Hybrid Optimization (KWHO) Algorithm optimizes these features, overcoming issues of over-fitting and enhancing model performance. The Attention-Driven CNN architecture further refines classification, leveraging dense computations and architectural homogeneity. The suggested model outperforms in depression diagnosis, with over 90% accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, demonstrating its potential to greatly impact clinical practice and mental health research.
Polemics of M. O. Menshikov with D. S. Merezhkovsky on A. S. Pushkin: Towards an Understanding of the Article “The Slander of Adoration”
Authors:   Kuban State University, Krizhanovskiy Nikolay I.
Published: September 2024

The study focuses on the polemical response of the publicist M. O. Menshikov (who gained popularity in the 1890s) to the critical and philosophical work of D. S. Merezhkovsky, “A. S. Pushkin,” little studied by contemporary scholars. The article aims to reveal the features of critical assessments in M. O. Menshikov’s article “The Slander of Adoration” to determine the specifics of his views at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. The work explores the creative connections of M. O. Menshikov with V. S. Solovyov, reveals the features of the polemic with the decadent writer, and notes the critic’s ability to delve into the historical and spiritual context of Pushkin’s work. In particular, M. O. Menshikov’s understanding of the central images of the poem “The Poet and the Crowd” and “The Bronze Horseman” by Pushkin refutes interpretations of works based on Nietzscheanism, which is alien to Pushkin’s oeuvre. The article proves that when analyzing the poem “The Poet and the Crowd,” Menshikov was one of the first to point out the differences between the image of the Poet and the personality of Pushkin. The research indicates the connection between Menshikov’s beliefs and the teachings of L. N. Tolstoy in understanding such phenomena as “non-resistance to evil by violence,” “heroism,” and “church.” The critic in the polemic acted as a defender of the traditions of Russian classics despite the inconsistency of some of his assessments.
N. S. Leskov and Ecclesiastes: Sources of the Writer’s Knowledge About the Old Testament Book
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Satarova Sofia N.
Published: September 2024

The article is the first attempt to reveal the sources of N. S. Leskov’s knowledge about the book of Ecclesiastes. The works on isagogics and exegetics demonstrate that in Russia, by the second half of the 19th century, the problems of attribution and interpretation of Ecclesiastes were widespread. Since the 1860s, translations of the book into Russian have appeared in periodicals. A comparison of borrowings from Ecclesiastes from Leskov’s texts with the translations of the book that existed at the time of their writing allowed us to establish that the writer consistently turned to the most common and modern translations: the artistic arrangement of N. M. Karamzin’s “Experienced Solomon’s Wisdom, or Thoughts Selected from Ecclesiastes” and the Synodal Translation. The article examines Leskov’s fictional, journalistic, and epistolary heritage, which determines the level of the writer’s knowledge about topical issues of theological science, particularly the history and specifics of the text of Ecclesiastes. The research reveals the typological similarities between Leskov’s work and the Old Testament book and the connection of the writer’s dominant poetics with the peculiarities of the biblical text.
Spatial Images of the Liminal South-West of the Russian Empire (Based on “Travel Notes Across Russia” by M. P. Zhdanov)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Zhdanov Sergey S.
Published: September 2024

The paper deals with spatial images of the liminal South-West of the Russian Empire thatare presented in “Travel Notes across Russia” by M. P. Zhdanov and include a representation of Kharkiv, Ekaterinoslav (Novorossiya), as well as Poltava, Kyiv, and Chernihiv (Little Russia) provinces. The description of these three local types unfolds from the point of view of economic, historical, and everyday spheres (including education). The article highlights the core motifs of novelty, wildness, disorder, scarcity of people, and projectness typical for the southwestern Russia image. In this regard, the space of Novorossiya appears primarily as a steppe, a frontier, and a subject to colonization. At the same time, the Kyiv topos appears variable and combines old and new elements. The article emphasizes the differences between Zhdanov’s rational narration manner and the tradition of representing the “noonday Russia” space.
Culturally Congruent Latino-Adapted Telemonitoring of Underrepresented Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: the CULTURA-DM2 Trial
Authors: Pekmezaris Renee , Martinez Sabrina , Correa Gomez Valeria , Marino Jose , Goris Nicole , S. Williams Myia , Cigaran Edgardo , N. Nouryan Christian , H. Patel Vidhi , K. Myers Alyson , Barbero Paulina , Granville Dilcia , F. Murray Lawrence , Guzman Josephine , N. Makaryus Amgad , I. McFarlane Samy , Zeltser Roman , Pena Maria , Sison Cristina , L. Lesser Martin , Kline Myriam , Polo Jennifer , J. DiClemente Ralph , Bauer Lorinda , Baron-Yurkew Andrea , Elsayad Chris , Muscarello Mary , Gehrhardt William , Zavala Natalie , T. Harris Yael
Published: September 2024

This study reports on the development and testing of a comprehensive diabetes telemonitoring program tailored to meet the needs of underserved Hispanic/Latino patients with diabetes. Individuals participating in the culturally tailored program had significantly better 6-month outcomes than those receiving comprehensive outpatient management for A1C, blood pressure, and diabetes self-efficacy, with no differences between groups in quality of life, medication adherence, emotional functioning, patient activation, or unscheduled physician visits. These findings suggest that culturally congruent diabetes telemonitoring may be effective for this underserved population.
Introduction to Special Theme Issue: Pandemic Pivots, Part 1
Authors:   Purdue University, Jesiek Brent
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted higher education in manifold and complex ways, not least in the area of international education. Programs built around the physical mobility of students, faculty, and staff were profoundly disrupted beginning in early 2020, necessitating the repatriation of students abroad, cancellation of future travel plans, and rapid development of new options and modalities for global learning. Recognizing this changing landscape, in late 2020 we issued a call for a special issue of JIEE focused on “contemporary trends in international engineering education, including in response to the COVID pandemic, rapid changes in political and economic dynamics, and other disruptions.” We received a strong response to our call, and have worked closely with numerous authors to develop manuscripts on a variety of related topics. This editorial introduces the first of two planned special issues exploring pandemic-related change and innovation in the field of global engineering education.
Using Byram's Five Savoirs to Measure the Development of Intercultural Competence in the COVID-19 Era during an Engineering Sojourn Abroad
Authors:   University of Rhode Island, Erickson Lars , Berka Sigrid ,   University of Rhode Island, Pérez-Ibáñez Iñaki ,   University of Rhode Island, Tracksdorf Niko ,   University of Rhode Island, La Luna Michelangelo ,   University of Rhode Island
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the intercultural learning of students during a sojourn abroad that was disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic and their resulting return to the U.S. To measure students’ intercultural development and to characterize students’ comments about their experience abroad, the researchers used Michael Byram’s Intercultural Communicative Competence model and its five savoirs. The comments were elicited at four different moments using different elicitation tools. Comments were evaluated by the researchers who determined their applicability to any of Byram’s five savoirs. The results show that despite the COVID-19 pandemic, intercultural learning took place and students made gains in intercultural competence. Furthermore, the results show that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted different aspects of students’ intercultural learning in different ways at different times, and also extended their learning beyond the intercultural. Of Byram’s five savoirs, knowledge remained free of variation due to the pandemic. For the savoir of attitudes of openness and curiosity, in the before-pandemic portion, students focused on staying open to new experiences in the local culture. During the pandemic, students shifted to a more abstract kind of openness toward the future in general. The savoir linked to the skill of discovery and interaction was the most negatively impacted by the pandemic. For the fourth savoir, the skill of interpreting and relating, students’ reflections during the pandemic showed a more nuanced understanding of societal contexts since they noticed contrasts in how their host and home culture handled pandemic management. The fifth savoir, critical cultural analysis, was positively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Before the pandemic, students shared insights that displayed a somewhat superficial appreciation of cultural difference. In contrast, the examples taken from the during-pandemic portion revealed a deeper intercultural understanding, stemming from their ability to decenter from their home culture and to contrast critically societal norms and values in both the host and home cultures.
Integrating the Humanities with Engineering through a Global Case Study Course
Authors:   Purdue University, Davis Kristen , Joshi Siddhant ,   Purdue University, Czerwionka Lori ,   Purdue University, Montalvo Francisco ,   Purdue University, Rios-Rojas Gabriel ,   Purdue University, Tort Joe ,   Purdue University, Marston William Jennifer ,   Purdue University, Nauman E ,   Purdue University
Published: September 2024

As the world becomes more connected and globalized, the problems that engineers are called upon to solve are increasingly complex and interdependent. Unfortunately, engineering coursework has traditionally focused on abstract and closed-ended problem solving, offering few opportunities for students to develop these skills. In this practice paper, we argue for the importance of integrating the humanities and engineering to understand the multiple and intersecting layers of context in an engineering project. We then describe the Humanities-Informed Engineering Projects course, which we developed to help students acquire this perspective. The course was piloted in Spring 2021 in response to the obstacles to international and community engineering experiences caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Lastly, we share preliminary assessment data on the development of systems thinking through the course. This pedagogical description and assessment project contributes to the understanding of the development of systems thinking and it also provides empirical evidence about the potential benefits of integrating the humanities and engineering in the classroom.
Developing Global Sociotechnical Competency Through Humanitarian Engineering: A Comparison of In-Person and Virtual International Project Experiences
Authors:   Colorado School of Mines, Smith Jessica , Lucena Juan ,   Colorado School of Mines, Rivera Angelina ,   Colorado School of Mines, Phelan Thomas ,   United States Air Force Academy, Smits Kathleen ,   University of Texas - Arlington, Bullock Robin ,   Montana Tech
Published: September 2024

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a group of engineering educators in the United States and Colombia designed and led a two-week virtual “field session” for engineering undergraduate students that aimed at achieving the same educational outcomes as those from the previous in-country field session. Our NSF PIRE funded Responsible Mining, Resilient Communities (RMRC) project uses multi-country, interinstitutional, and interdisciplinary collaboration to train U.S. engineering students to co-design socially responsible and sustainable artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) systems with mining communities and engineers in Latin America. Drawing from pre- and post-field session student interviews, essays, and survey responses, this article analyzes how the virtual 2020 field session and the in-person 2019 session influenced students’ global sociotechnical competency. We offer a conceptualization of global sociotechnical competency that synthesizes notions of global engineering competency with theories of socially responsible engineering that emphasize problem definition and solution with underserved communities. Our research suggests that whereas many educators raised concerns about the efficacy of virtual formats for student learning and professional development, the 2020 session was effective for enhancing students’ abilities to identify stakeholders and methods to engage them, as well as for using sociotechnical coordination while engaging in problem definition. While the small number of student participants cautions against making broad generalizations, the virtual (2020) and in-person (2019) students experienced similar increases in self-reported empathizing practices with the intended users of their designs; a desire and ability to integrate social concerns into their design; a desire and ability to work with people from different backgrounds; and self-efficacy in engineering. The virtual students were less likely, however, than their in-person counterparts to desire a humanitarian engineering career. While the small number of students raises questions for extrapolating the results of our findings, our research does signal fruitful areas of future research for making humanitarian engineering projects more equitable and effective, even in virtual settings.
CORONAcredits: Program Innovations to Aid Student Completion of Disrupted Fieldwork Abroad Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   North Arizona University, Tieke Benning , Pino Alcaraz Marcela ,   Northern Arizona University, Armstrong Melissa ,   Northern Arizona University
Published: September 2024

The Spring 2020 semester provided unique challenges for global experiences of all types to meet the intended learning objectives for students due to the COVID-19 pandemic disruption. This was especially true for experiential language and cultural immersion programs where engineering students were in the midst of their fieldwork experience abroad. The COVID-19 disruption presented unique challenges to recreate language and cultural understanding within international engineering fieldwork experiences in the US. This article outlines the response to the COVID-19 pandemic by the Interdisciplinary Global Programs (IGP) at Northern Arizona University (NAU). The IGP response was an innovative interdisciplinary and cross-institutional collaboration between NAU’s international office and faculty across three academic colleges to assist students in completing the interdisciplinary engineering, language, and cultural understanding objectives, absent direct immersion abroad. IGP developed “CORONAcredits” focused on exploration of the worldwide impact of COVID-19 to help students complete their fieldwork experience. The CORONAcredits engaged students in exploration of their personal experiences within the greater context of how different cultures handled the worldwide pandemic, enabling students to continue to build their global understanding from the US. Students analyzed the worldwide response of the unfolding pandemic across cultures and engaged in a mix of assignments that included discussion contributions where students shared their personal experiences abroad. CORONAcredits exposed students to a diversity of approaches to highlight cultural differences and deepen understanding of global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts present in the way that each student navigated the pandemic both domestically and abroad. Findings highlight the importance of flexibility and an interdisciplinary design, guiding students in their intercultural reflections, and incorporating new materials into module design. CORONAcredits can provide a “break in case of emergency” navigation plan that can be employed when unforeseen circumstances arise in engineering study abroad contexts.
Global Engineering Ethics: What? Why? How? and When?
Authors:   Virginia Tech, Clancy Rockwell , Zhu Qin ,   Virginia Tech
Published: September 2024

Even though engineering programs, accreditation bodies, and multinational corporations have become increasingly interested in introducing global dimensions into professional engineering practice, little work in the existing literature provides an overview of questions fundamental to global engineering ethics, such as what global engineering ethics is, why it should be taught, how it should be taught, and when it should be introduced. This paper describes the what, why, how, and when of global engineering ethics – a form adopted from a 1996 article by Charles Harris, Michael Davis, Michael Pritchard, and Michael Rabins, which has influenced the development of engineering ethics for over twenty-five years. First, this paper describes global engineering ethics as a response to the increasingly cross-cultural, international characteristics of contemporary engineering, as well as four fundamental approaches to conceive and deliver this training (what). Next, it explains the motivations for global engineering ethics: Neither educators nor practitioners can necessarily assume a shared nationality or culture among students or between coworkers (why). Third, this paper discusses how global engineering ethics should be taught: One of the most prevalent approaches uses case studies with a cross-cultural and/or international dimension (how). Finally, it identifies spots within curricula for global engineering ethics: standalone courses, integrated modules, micro-insertions, competence-based training scenarios, and extracurricular activities (when). As the world becomes ever more cross-cultural and international, training in global ethics will be essential for both students and practicing engineers.
Kappa Casein in Farm Animals: A Review
Authors: Ninan Jacob , Vadodaria V. P.
Published: September 2024

A review of the results reported by different research workers has been compiled; with the aim to focus on various aspects encompassing the application of the important areas of research work on milk kappa casein. The major whey proteins in cow milk are alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin. Casein is a slow-digesting protein in contrast to whey protein that is rapid digesting. Milk Casein is of 3 or 4 types and each type has a similar structure but distinct molecules with different compositions, genetic variations, and functional properties. The main components of the cow milk casein complex are αs1 (CSN1S1), αs2 (CSN1S2), β (CSN2), and κ-caseins (CSN3) with each one of them occurring in two or more variants. Transgenic technologies could be used to alter milk composition in cows. Kappa-casein has been associated with differences in milk yield, composition and processing. Research work on casein has been attempted in different species (cow, buffalo, sheep, goat, horse, camel), yet it needs be extended to the remaining species and breeds of animals. The accurate and early identification of milk protein genotypes can have a direct impact on reviewing and developing dairy cattle breeding programs, to achieve the target of increasing production of milk and quality of its constituents on an economic footing. The review details the applied aspects of casein, classification and structure, polymorphism of kappa casein gene in different species of animals.
Análisis de la educación en Corea del Sur: confucianismo, desarrollo económico y familia
Authors: Murrieta Ortega Raymundo , Serna Segura Saul
Published: September 2024

La investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar las características de la educación en Corea del Sur, centrándose en tres elementos esenciales: confucianismo, desarrollo económico y familia, aspectos que son fundamentales en la sociedad coreana. Este estudio cualitativo se desarrolló con un enfoque narrativo biográfico y de estudio de caso. Se utilizaron como herramientas de recopilación de datos la observación, el diario de campo y las entrevistas realizadas a cuatro docentes de escuelas primarias en Corea del Sur. Para enriquecer el análisis, se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica sobre confucianismo, familia y educación. Además, se incluyeron las vivencias de un docente mexicano residente en Corea, quien trabajó como instructor multicultural en varias escuelas primarias de Seúl a través del Mizy Center, centro administrado por la Comisión Nacional Coreana para la Fundación Daesan y respaldado por el gobierno metropolitano de Seúl, el cual se dedica a fomentar el intercambio cultural internacional entre jóvenes coreanos mediante conferencias y diversas actividades con extranjeros.
Los hallazgos del estudio revelan que la educación en Corea del Sur se sustenta en gran medida en la ética confuciana, que enfatiza la piedad filial; es decir, el amor y respeto de los hijos hacia los padres, lo cual se manifiesta en una serie de obligaciones familiares (Choi, 2010). También se identificó que el contexto económico, cultural y familiar influye significativamente en los logros educativos de los estudiantes coreanos.
Navigating Cultural, Health, and Information Landscapes A User-focused Approach to Immigrant Health in a Nordic Context
Authors: Ahmadinia Hamed
Published: September 2024

Hamed Ahmadinia’s dissertation in the field of Information Studies, ”Navigating Cultural, Health, and Information Landscapes A User-focused Approach to Immigrant Health in a Nordic Context”, was examined on May 13, 2024, at the Åbo Akademi's Faculty of Social Sciences, Business and Law. Professor Ágústa Pálsdóttir (University of Iceland, Iceland served as the opponent, with Professor Kristina Eriksson-Backa (Åbo Akademi) as the custodian. The dissertation is published in Åbo Akademi's publication archive Doria at https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-12-4364-6.