bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENATALAKSANAAN GIGI TIRUAN LENGKAP DENGAN LINGGIR DATAR DAN HUBUNGAN RAHANG KLAS III DISERTAI CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT (LAPORAN KASUS)
Authors: Angelia Veronica , Syafrinani Syafrinani
Published: April 2019

Kasus edentulus dengan resorpsi linggir alveolaris yang berlebihan banyak dijumpai pada pasien lanjut usia (lansia). Selain itu sering juga disertai penyakit sistemik seperti Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) yang berdampak pada daerah rongga mulut dan sekitarnya antara lain paralisis wajah, dysphagia, aphasia, dysphasia, dan dysarthria. Penatalaksanaan gigi tiruan lengkap dengan linggir datar untuk pasien seperti di atas sering menimbulkan kesulitan dalam memperoleh retensi, stabilisasi, oklusi dan estetis yang baik. Laporan kasus ini menjelaskan tentang penatalaksanaan gigi tiruan lengkap dengan linggir datar dan hubungan rahang klas III disertai CVA. Pasien perempuan, usia 70 tahun, datang ke RSGMP FKG USU, ingin dibuatkan gigi tiruan rahang atas dan bawah dengan keluhan sulit mengunyah makanan. Pasien menderita CVA. Pemeriksaan ekstraoral menunjukkan profil wajah tampak samping lurus. Pemeriksaan intraoral menunjukkan linggir datar pada rahang bawah dan ukuran lengkung rahang atas lebih kecil dari rahang bawah. Penatalaksanaan linggir datar rahang bawah yaitu desain basis yang diperluas sampai sulkus alveolingual dan basis diperkuat dengan kerangka logam untuk mencegah patah. Relasi rahang Klas III diatasi dengan pemilihan gigi artifisial semi anatomis dan penyusunan gigi crossbite bilateral. Pasien mengalami CVA sehingga perawatan harus dilakukan dalam waktu yang singkat dan suasana yang nyaman di pagi hari. Kontrol otot diperlukan untuk meningkatkan stabilitas gigi tiruan. Pada keadaan paralisis wajah, latihan memakai gigi tiruan untuk mendeteksi bentuk benda yang ditempatkan di mulut dan melatih pengunyahan pada kedua sisi rahang. Pasien dengan linggir datar dan hubungan rahang klas III disertai CVA memerlukan modifikasi dalam penatalaksanaan gigi tiruan lengkap sehingga menghasilkan retensi, stabilisasi, oklusi dan estetis yang baik untuk dapat meningkatkan nutrisi, kesehatan umum dan kualitas hidup.
ORAL ALLERGY SYNDROME (OAS) AKIBAT REAKSI ALERGI MAKANAN
Authors: Nur'aeny Nanan
Published: April 2019

Allergic condition such as itching of the skin, or runny nose and sneezing are widely known, but different case of allergic reaction in the mouth. Are still unknown, one of them is Oral Allergy Syndrome (OAS). Almost everyone knows food allergens such as shrimp, or marine fish, but actually fresh fruits and vegetables also can trigger allergic reactions like OAS in the form of itching or swelling of the lips, tongue, palate, and pharynx. Author intends to provide further information about the OAS in this paper. The mechanism of OAS is a type I, immunoglobulin E-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, common in atopic people with history of atopic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, or urticaria. Food allergen that causes OAS have a cross reaction/ homolog with pollen from protein pathogen respons / PR-10 family, such as Bet v 1 (Birch) and Bet v 2 (Birch). Some OAS allergens from vegetables that homolog with Bet v 1 includes celery (Api g 1) and soybean (Gly m 4), and other allergens from fruits homolog with Bet v 2, such as Ana c1 alergen pineapple. The diagnosis of OAS based on medical history, clinical examination and diagnostic tests includes skin prick test, specific IgE serum, or basophil activation test, and cellular antigen stimulation test with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Management of OAS consists of non-pharmacological includes information and education to avoid the causes, and give suggestion to eat cooked food. Pharmacologically are prescription of antihistamines or epinephrine injection in case of emergencies. Signs and symptoms of OAS in fact have long been found, but its diagnosis and management are still not widely known. Dentist should know about signs and symptoms of food allergy in the oral mucosa include OAS which caused by fruits and vegetables such as celery, soybean, carrot, apple, pineapple, and strawberry, so finally dentist will provide good management for the patient..
PERTIMBANGAN TERAPI KORTIKOSTEROID PADA STOMATITIS HERPETIK REKUREN
Authors: Mailiza Fitria , Setiadhi Riani
Published: April 2019

Corticosteroid is a group of drugs used as anti-inflamatory and immunosuppresive. Most of the disease which treated with steroids have inflammatory characteristics.This paper is about the management of a 25 year old woman who complained of multiple oral ulcers since 2 months before. Patient had difficulty in eating, drinking and speaking. Before referred to RSUP DrHasan Sadikin she was treated at Hospital X and only got a slight improvement. Diagnosis oral infection Herpes Simplex virus type 1 was made based on anamnesis, clinical examination and laboratory examination (IgG anti HSV-1). Oral lesions showed significant improvement after administration of comprehensive treatment including communication, information and education about the disease as well as topical corticosteroid drug and multivitamin.Corticosteroid was used to limit the inflamatory process caused by the action of T-lymphocytes. However, this drug have many side effects so that practitioners need to consider carefully to use it.Corticosteroid could be considered in the management of oral infections herpes virus type 1 (HSV-1) and showed efficacy in the treatment of this patient.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN NILON MURNI PADA NILON DAUR ULANG TERHADAP PENYERAPAN AIR BASIS GIGI TIRUAN NILON TERMOPLASTIK
Authors: Angeline Angeline , Tamin Haslinda Z
Published: April 2019

Manipulasi basis gigi tiruan nilon termo plastic dengan teknik injection moulding akan menghasilkan nilon sisa (spru) dan nilon sisa dapat dimanfaatkan kembali dengan cara daur ulang dikarenakan ikatan linear dari nilon sehingga material ini dapat dipanaskan kembali. Namun, daur ulang pada nilon sisa akan menyebabkan penyerapan air semakin bertambah dan hal ini akan berdampak pada nilon sebagai basis gigi tiruan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan nilon murni pada nilon daur ulang terhadap penyerapan air basis gigi tiruan nilon termoplastik. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratoris. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah nilon termoplastik berbentuk silindris berukuran diameter 15 ± 1 mm dan ketebalan 0,5 + 0,1 mm dengan jumlah sebanyak 27 sampel untuk 3 kelompok. Hasil uji nilai penyerapan air di analisis dengan uji ANOVA serta uji LSD. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara nilon murni dengan nilon daur ulang (p = 0,001) dan juga antara nilon daur ulang dengan kombinasi 60% nilon murni dengan 40% nilon daur ulang (p = 0,004), tetapi tidak ada perbedaan antara nilon murni dengan kombinasi 60% nilon murni dengan 40% nilon daur ulang dengan nilai (p = 0,629). Sebagai kesimpulan, penambahan 60% nilon murni pada 40% nilon daur ulang menghasilkan nilai penyerapan air yang sama baiknya dengan nilai penyerapan air pada nilon murni.
THE EFFECT OF COMPOSITION GLASS FIBRE NON DENTAL AND GLASS FIBER NON DENTAL IN FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE TO THE STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS BACTERIA
Authors: Dewi Zwista Yulia
Published: April 2019

E-glass fiber dental tersedia sangat terbatas di Indonesia dan mempunyai harga relatif mahal. Glass fiber non dental lebih mudah didapatkan dan harga lebih terjangkau. Glass fiber non dental umumnya digunakan sebagai bahan bangunan dan otomotif. Bakteri Streptococcus mutans mempunyai kemampuan menempel pada seluruh permukaan dalam mulut termasuk material gigi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan komposisi antara glass fiber dental dan glass fiber non dental pada fiber reinforced composite terhadap perlekatan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah E-glass fiber dental (Fiber-splint, Polydentia SA, Switzerland), glass fiber non dental A (LT, China), flowable komposit (CharmFil Flow, Denkist, Korea) dan silane coupling agent (Monobond S, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein). Subjek dibagi dalam 2 kelompok, setiap kelompok terdiri dari 5 sampel. Hasil yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata perlekatan bakteri glass fiber dental (934±7,48), glass fiber non dental (756,8±10,35). Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan variabel komposisi memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap perlekatan bakteri(p <0,05). Kesimpulan bahwa kandungan logam alkali (Na2O dan K2O) yang pada glass fiber dapat mempengaruhi jumlah perlekatan bakteri Streptococcus mutans.
HUBUNGAN APLIKASI CASEIN PHOSPHOPEPTIDE AMORPHOUS CALCIUM PHOSPHATE (CPP-ACP) TERHADAP REMINERALISASI GIGI
Authors: Busman Busman , Arma Utmi , Nofriadi Nofriadi
Published: April 2019

Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) merupakan bahan yang dapat memperkuat dan meremineralisasi gigi serta membantu mencegah karies gigi. Peneliti tertarik melakukan penelitian tentang aplikasi CPP-ACP terhadap remineralisasi enamel gigi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratoris dengan menggunakan penelitian analityc experimental pretest and postest design. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah gigi premolar yang telah diekstraksi dengan teknik selected sampling. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dimana setiap perlakukan menggunakan 10 gigi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan rata-rata berat gigi sebelum dan sesudah perendaman 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5, yaitu dengan hasil berturut-turut: konsentrasi 10% 0,0120 g, 0,0087 g, 0,0078 g, 0,0052 g, 0,0030 g, konsentrasi 20% 0,0134 g, 0,0097 g, 0,0091 g, 0,0051 g, 0,0026 g, dan konsentrasi 30% 0,0162 g, 0,0105 g, 0,0088 g, 0,0058 g, 0,0030 g. Hasil penelitian menunjukan berat gigi sebelum dan sesudah perendaman larutan CCP-ACP selama perendaman 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p
PERBEDAAN SKOR PLAK PEMAKAI PERANTI ORTODONTI CEKAT ANTARA MAHASISWA FKG DENGAN MAHASISWA FK UNIVERSITAS BAITURRAHMAH ANGKATAN 2011-2014
Authors: Selvia Intan Dery , Kornialia Kornialia , Alamsyah Yenita
Published: April 2019

Peranti ortodonti cekat saat ini sudah banyak digunakan di masyarakat luas. Masyarakat sering tidak menyadari resiko dari penggunaan peranti ortodonti cekat. Peranti ortodonti cekat memiliki bentuk yang rumit sehingga mempermudah melekatnya plak lebih lama dan dapat meningkatkan risiko karies, gingivitis, dan kemungkinan terjadi penyakit periodontal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan skor plak pemakaian peranti ortodonti cekat antara mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi dengan mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran angkatan 2011-2014 Universitas Baiturrahmah. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 80. Sampel berjumlah 44 orang yang terdiri dari 22 mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran dan 22 mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran gigi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Independent T-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai p=0,200>0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan tidak terdapat perbedaan skor plak pemakaian peranti ortodonti cekat antara mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi dengan mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran angkatan 2011-2014 Universitas Baiturrahmah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran maupun mahasiswa kedokteran gigi tidak menunjukkan perbedaan skor plak pada pemakaian peranti ortodonti cekat.
GAMBARAN KARAKTERISTIK SCAFFOLD HIDROKSIAPATIT GIGI MANUSIA DENGAN METODE PLANETARY BALL MILL MENGGUNAKAN UJI SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (SEM)
Authors: Bariyah Naim , Pascawinata Andries , Firdaus Firdaus
Published: April 2019

Latar belakang: Kerusakan tulang alveolar dapat menimbulkan berbagai defek. Salah satu cara untuk merekonstruksi defek tersebut adalah dengan teknik bone grafting. Hal ini membutuhkan bahan regenerasi seperti bonegraft. Berbagai jenis bahan bonegraft telah digunakan untuk meregenerasi kerusakan tulang akibat penyakit periodontal. Penelitian ini menggunakan gigi manusia karena bahan ini memiliki kesamaan struktur dengan tulang, dan selain itu gigi yang telah diekstraksi seringkali dibuang karena dianggap sebagai limbah klinis. Tujuan: Mengetahui hasil gambaran karakteristik scaffold hidroksiapatit dari gigi manusia dengan metode planetary ball mill menggunakan uji scanning electron microscope (SEM). Bahan dan Metode: Gigi yang telah diekstraksi dan telah dibuang mahkotanya kemudian direbus, dihancurkan menggunakan palu, di timbang menggunakan neraca, kalsinasi dengan suhu 600℃, 900℃ dan 1200℃ setelah itu di haluskan menggunakan alat ball mill kemudian dilakukan uji SEM. Hasil: Terdapat porus pada masing-masing sampel dengan diameter ± 1,08-2,18 µm dengan suhu 600℃, ± 1,24-1,53 µm dengan suhu 900℃ dan ± 1,34-2,65 µm dengan suhu 1200℃. Simpulan: Dari hasil pengujian SEM pada suhu 1200℃ diameter porusnya lebih besar dibandingkan sampel lainnya dan pada pengujian ini berhasil didapatkannya scaffold dengan sifat porus menggunakan metode planetary ball mill.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN ORANG TUA DENGAN STATUS KARIES GIGI ANAK USIA 7-12 TAHUN DI SD 04 KAMPUNG OLO PADANG
Authors: Elianora Dewi , Utami Sri Pandu , Al Amin Nyak Agam
Published: April 2019

Masalah kesehatan rongga mulut terbesar yang umum dihadapi yaitu karies. Salah satu faktor penting penyebab terjadinya karies yaitu kurangnya pengetahuan orang tua tentang prevalensi karies gigi. Nilai kebersihan rongga mulut penting untuk diketahui tiap individu, hal tersebut berperan dalam upaya pencegahan terhadap terjadinya karies. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan orang tua tentang karies gigi siswa dengan indeks DMF-T/def-t pada kelompok usia 7-12 tahun di SDN 04 Kampung Olo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh orang tua dan siswa murid usia 7-12 tahun SD 04 Kampung Olo, Padang Jumlah populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 285 anak dengan 166 sampel orang tua dan anak, waktu penelitian pada 25-30 Mei 2016 dan instrumen penelitian dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan indeks karies DMF-T dan def-t. Analisis secara univariat ditampilkan dengan tabel distribusi frekuensi dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dengan kepercayaan 95% α = 0.05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar yaitu (85,5%) responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan tinggi, sebagian besar yaitu 83,7% siswa memiliki karies gigi berdasarkan DMF-T sangat rendah. Paling banyak siswa mengalami karies gigi berdasarkan def-t sangat rendah yaitu (39,8%) siswa dan ada hubungan tingkat pengetahuan orang tua terhadap prevalensi akries gigi ebrdasarkan DMF/def-t.
PENGARUH UNDERSTANDING CUSTOMER DAN KOMUNIKASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN INTERNAL PADA DESAIN TATA RUANG RSGM BAITURRAHMAH PADANG
Authors: Amnesty Mulya Fitria , Yandi Satria , Firdaus Firdaus
Published: April 2019

Seorang pegawai pada saat bekerja memerlukan tingkat kepuasan yang tinggi dalam bekerja, kepuasan kerja pada dasarnya adalah sesuatu yang bersifat individual. Salah satunya adalah kepuasan pelanggan internal yang bisa dilihat dari desain tata letak (lay out design),desain tata ruang adalah proses alokasi ruangan, penataan ruangan dan peralatan sedemikian rupa sehingga pergerakan berlangsung seminimal mungkin, seluruh luasan ruangan termanfaatkan dan mencipatkan rasa nyaman. Desain tata ruang yang mampu mempengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan, salah satunya adalah komunikasi internal dan understanding customer. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik. Analisa statistik menggunakan uji regresi linier berganda dengan nilai F hitung > F (7,709>3,259) tabel dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel komunikasi dan understanding customer secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelanggan internal pada desain tata letak ruang RSGM. Namun secara parsial tidak ada pengaruh signifikan antara komunikasi (P=0,492) dan understanding customer (P=508) pada kepuasan pelanggan internal dalam desain tata letak ruang RSGM.
PERBANDINGAN JUMLAH PASIEN YANG MENGALAMI GAG REFLEX DAN TIDAK MENGALAMI GAG REFLEX DALAM PENGAMBILAN FOTO PERIAPIKAL DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RSGM BAITURRAHMAH
Authors: Erin Rahma , Widyawati Widyawati , Iswani Resti
Published: April 2019

Pada teknik pengambilan radiografi periapikal film diletakkan di dalam mulut pasien dalam hal ini akan timbul beberapa masalah dalam pengambilannya, salah satu masalah yang terjadi dalam pengambilan foto tersebut adalah gag reflex atau refleks muntah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan jumlah pasien yang mengalami gag reflex dan tidak mengalami gag reflex dalam pengambilan foto periapikal di Instalansi Radiologi RSGM Baiturrahmah pada tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei deskriptif, populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien yang datang ke Instalasi Radiologi RSGM Baiturrahmah yang diambil sebanyak 30 pasien sebagai sampel dengan metode total sampling, waktu penelitian pada 20-23 Mei 2017 dan analisis secara deskriptif ditampilkan dengan tabel distribusi frekuensi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari 30 pasien sebanyak 7 orang (23.3%) mengalami gag reflex dimana sebanyak 6 orang (85.7%) mengalami gag reflex yang disebabkan oleh somatik dan 1 orang (14.3%) mengalami gag reflex yang disebabkan oleh psikogenik, dari 7 pasien yang mengalami gag reflex sebanyak 5 orang (71.4%) adalah laki-laki dan 2 orang (28.6%) adalah perempuan dimana sebanyak 3 orang (42.9%) berumur dengan kategori kanak-kanak dan 4 orang (57.1%) berumur dengan kategori remaja akhir dalam pengambilan foto periapikal di Instalasi Radiologi RSGM Baiturrahmah.
Recensión de libro: El Análisis Transaccional ante los nuevos retos sociales. Adaptación a un mundo en cambio
Authors: Martorell José Luis
Published: April 2019

Reseña del libro “El Análisis Transaccional ante los nuevos retos sociales. Adaptación a un mundo en cambio” de Lluis Casado Esquius. Se comentan las aportaciones a la teoría del Análisis Transaccional y su vinculación al desarrollo de la sociedad.
Robot Swarm Navigation and Victim Detection Using Rendezvous Consensus in Search and Rescue Operations
Authors: Cardona Gustavo A. , Calderon Juan M.
Published: April 2019

Cooperative behaviors in multi-robot systems emerge as an excellent alternative for collaboration in search and rescue tasks to accelerate the finding survivors process and avoid risking additional lives. Although there are still several challenges to be solved, such as communication between agents, power autonomy, navigation strategies, and detection and classification of survivors, among others. The research work presented by this paper focuses on the navigation of the robot swarm and the consensus of the agents applied to the victims detection. The navigation strategy is based on the application of particle swarm theory, where the robots are the agents of the swarm. The attraction and repulsion forces that are typical in swarm particle systems are used by the multi-robot system to avoid obstacles, keep group compact and navigate to a target location. The victims are detected by each agent separately, however, once the agents agree on the existence of a possible victim, these agents separate from the general swarm by creating a sub-swarm. The sub-swarm agents use a modified rendezvous consensus algorithm to perform a formation control around the possible victims and then carry out a consensus of the information acquired by the sensors with the aim to determine the victim existence. Several experiments were conducted to test navigation, obstacle avoidance, and search for victims. Additionally, different situations were simulated with the consensus algorithm. The results show how swarm theory allows the multi-robot system navigates avoiding obstacles, finding possible victims, and settling down their possible use in search and rescue operations.
A Method of Accelerating the Convergence of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Micro-Siting Wind Mapping
Authors: Kim Hyun-Goo
Published: April 2019

To assess wind resources, a number of simulations should be performed by wind direction, wind speed, and atmospheric stability bins to conduct micro-siting using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This study proposes a method of accelerating CFD convergence by generating initial conditions that are closer to the converged solution. In addition, the study proposes the ‘mirrored initial condition’ (IC) using the symmetry of wind direction and geography, the ‘composed IC’ using the vector composition principle, and the ‘shifted IC’ which assumes that the wind speed vectors are similar in conditions characterized by minute differences in wind direction as the well-posed initial conditions. They provided a significantly closer approximation to the converged flow field than did the conventional initial condition, which simply assumed a homogenous atmospheric boundary layer over the entire simulation domain. The results of this study show that the computation time taken for micro-siting can be shortened by around 35% when conducting CFD with 16 wind direction sectors by mixing the conventional and the proposed ICs properly.
LIFE SOUNDLESS: New Generation of Eco-Friendly Asphalt with Recycled Materials
Authors: Morcillo Miguel Angel , Hidalgo María Elena , Pastrana María del Carmen , García David , Torres Juana , Arroyo María Begoña
Published: April 2019

Noise pollution coming from traffic noise has become an important issue in urban areas. Road noise is one of the main sources of high-level traffic noise. Road noise depends not only on tires but on the pavement. Therefore, a study of mixture parameters should be performed to achieve good acoustic performance. Another important point which has to be taken into account is the acoustic performance durability. Gap-graded mixtures were selected for this project due to poor experiences with open-graded mixtures in terms of performance durability, where texture and clogging issues appeared a few years after paving. The LIFE SOUNDLESS project is seeking different ways to modify stone mastic asphalt mixes to improve the noise attenuation of pavements. A selection of mixes with different additives were created, where some waste materials were used. The selection of the best mixtures was done not only according to traditional mechanical parameters but also others, such as damping and dynamic stiffness. Once the best mixtures had been paved, the acoustic performances were measured several times to evaluate the performance durability. Several experimental methods like the close proximity (CPX) method and statistical pass by (SPB) method were used to check the sound generation and propagation of every pavement. The project was carried out on two roads overseen by the Junta de Andalucía in Seville (Spain). The difference between both roads was the traffic density and the average speed. The noise level has since been reduced by 3 dB and 7 dB on both sites.
Multiple Modeling Techniques for Assessing Sesame Oil Extraction under Various Operating Conditions and Solvents
Authors: Osman Haitham , Shigidi Ihab , Arabi Amir
Published: April 2019

This paper compares four different modeling techniques: Response Surface Method (RSM), Linear Radial Basis Functions (LRBF), Quadratic Radial Basis Functions (QRBF), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The models were tested by monitoring their performance in predicting the optimum operating conditions for Sesame seed oil extraction yields. Experimental data using three different solvents—hexane, chloroform, and acetone—with varying ratios of solvents to seeds, all under different temperatures, rotational speeds, and mixing times, were modeled by the three proposed techniques. Efficiency for model predictions was examined by monitoring error value performance indicators (R2, R2adj, and RMSE). Results showed that the applied modeling techniques gave good agreements with experimental data regardless of the efficiency of the solvents in oil extraction. On the other hand, the ANN model consistently performed more accurate predictions with all tested solvents under all different operating conditions. This consistency is demonstrated by the higher values of R2 and R2adj ratio equals to one and the very low value of error of RMSE (2.23 × 10−3 to 3.70 × 10−7), thus concluding that ANN possesses a universal ability to approximate nonlinear systems in comparison to other models.
The Important Role of Cosmic-Ray Re-Acceleration
Authors: Cardillo Martina
Published: April 2019

In the last decades, the improvement of high energy instruments has enabled a deeper understanding of the Cosmic Ray origin issue. In particular, the γ -ray satellites AGILE (Astrorivelatore Gamma ad Immagini LEggero) and Fermi-LAT (Fermi-Large Area Telescope) have strongly contributed to the confirmation of direct involvement of Supernova Remnants in Cosmic Ray energization. Despite several attempts to fit experimental data assuming the presence of freshly accelerated particles, the scientific community is now aware that the role of pre-existing Cosmic Ray re-acceleration cannot be neglected. In this work, we highlight the importance of pre-existing Cosmic Ray re-acceleration in the Galaxy showing its fundamental contribution in middle aged Supernova Remnant shocks and in the forward shock of stellar winds.
The Role of Governments in the Implementation of Patient Safety and Patient Safety Incident Reporting in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Dhamanti Inge , Leggat Sandra G. , Barraclough Simon
Published: April 2019

(1) Background: A patient safety incident reporting system was introduced in Indonesian hospitals in 2006; however, under-reporting of patient safety incidents is evident. The government plays a vital role in the implementation of a national system. Therefore, this study focuses on how the Indonesian government has been undertaking its role in patient safety at provincial and city/district levels, including incident reporting according to the National Guideline for Hospital Patient Safety. (2) Methods: This study employed a qualitative approach with interviews of 16 participants from seven organizations. The data were managed using NVivo and thematically analyzed. (3) Results: The findings revealed several problems at the macro-, meso-, and micro-level as the government was weak in monitoring and evaluation. The District Health Office (DHO) and Provincial Health Office (PHO) were not involved in incident reporting, and there was a lack of government support for the hospitals. (4) Conclusions: The DHO and PHO have not carried out their roles related to patient safety as mentioned in the national guidelines. Lack of commitment to and priority of patient safety, the complexity of the bureaucratic structure, and a lack of systematic partnership and collaboration are problems that need to be addressed by systematic improvement. To ensure effective and efficient national outcomes, the three levels of government need to work more closely.
Hedgehog Signaling and Embryonic Craniofacial Disorders
Authors: Abramyan John
Published: April 2019

Since its initial discovery in a Drosophila mutagenesis screen, the Hedgehog pathway has been revealed to be instrumental in the proper development of the vertebrate face. Vertebrates possess three hedgehog paralogs: Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Indian hedgehog (Ihh), and Desert hedgehog (Dhh). Of the three, Shh has the broadest range of functions both in the face and elsewhere in the embryo, while Ihh and Dhh play more limited roles. The Hedgehog pathway is instrumental from the period of prechordal plate formation early in the embryo, until the fusion of the lip and secondary palate, which complete the major patterning events of the face. Disruption of Hedgehog signaling results in an array of developmental disorders in the face, ranging from minor alterations in the distance between the eyes to more serious conditions such as severe clefting of the lip and palate. Despite its critical role, Hedgehog signaling seems to be disrupted through a number of mechanisms that may either be direct, as in mutation of a downstream target of the Hedgehog ligand, or indirect, such as mutation in a ciliary protein that is otherwise seemingly unrelated to the Hedgehog pathway. A number of teratogens such as alcohol, statins and steroidal alkaloids also disrupt key aspects of Hedgehog signal transduction, leading to developmental defects that are similar, if not identical, to those of Hedgehog pathway mutations. The aim of this review is to highlight the variety of roles that Hedgehog signaling plays in developmental disorders of the vertebrate face.
Environmental Management Systems and Balanced Scorecard: An Integrated Analysis of the Marine Transport
Authors: Šaković Jovanović Jelena , Fragassa Cristiano , Krivokapić Zdravko , Vujović Aleksandar
Published: April 2019

Critical aspects of the environment can reduce the efficiency of Environmental Management Systems (EMS) when applied to Marine Transport. Accordingly, this paper focuses on the improvement of the traditional EMS approach through the usage of Balanced Scorecard (BSC). The BSC represents a managing tool able to measure and increase organizational performance, taking into consideration environmental aspects. The proposed method, based on the ISO 14001 standard, allows management of environmental metrics through conventional BSC systems and it is applied to the biggest organization for marine transport in Montenegro as a case study methodology. In this qualitative investigation, particular attention was paid to creating EMS criteria able to orient the complete business operation of the organization but also to test their potential linkage to the conventional BSC approach. Four models of the BSC were created, each one including to a different extent the issue of environmental protection. Finally, an expert’s evaluation of model efficiency, based on the ISO 9126, was carried out. As a result, the best ranked model is recommended for the selection of an approach toward environmental protection based on the use of the EMS metric in a conventional BSC system. This method—in short ECO-BSC—was developed for the specific benefit of those organizations operating on the marine transport market.
p-Regularity and p-Regular Modification in ⊤-Convergence Spaces
Authors: Jin Qiu , Li Lingqiang , Lang Guangming
Published: April 2019

Fuzzy convergence spaces are extensions of convergence spaces. ⊤-convergence spaces are important fuzzy convergence spaces. In this paper, p-regularity (a relative regularity) in ⊤-convergence spaces is discussed by two equivalent approaches. In addition, lower and upper p-regular modifications in ⊤-convergence spaces are further investigated and studied. Particularly, it is shown that lower (resp., upper) p-regular modification and final (resp., initial) structures have good compatibility.
New Numerical Aspects of Caputo-Fabrizio Fractional Derivative Operator
Authors: Qureshi Sania , Rangaig Norodin A. , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: April 2019

In this paper, a new definition for the fractional order operator called the Caputo-Fabrizio (CF) fractional derivative operator without singular kernel has been numerically approximated using the two-point finite forward difference formula for the classical first-order derivative of the function f (t) appearing inside the integral sign of the definition of the CF operator. Thus, a numerical differentiation formula has been proposed in the present study. The obtained numerical approximation was found to be of first-order convergence, having decreasing absolute errors with respect to a decrease in the time step size h used in the approximations. Such absolute errors are computed as the absolute difference between the results obtained through the proposed numerical approximation and the exact solution. With the aim of improved accuracy, the two-point finite forward difference formula has also been utilized for the continuous temporal mesh. Some mathematical models of varying nature, including a diffusion-wave equation, are numerically solved, whereas the first-order accuracy is not only verified by the error analysis but also experimentally tested by decreasing the time-step size by one order of magnitude, whereupon the proposed numerical approximation also shows a one-order decrease in the magnitude of its absolute errors computed at the final mesh point of the integration interval under consideration.
Generalized Solutions of the Third-Order Cauchy-Euler Equation in the Space of Right-Sided Distributions via Laplace Transform
Authors: Jhanthanam Seksan , Nonlaopon Kamsing , Orankitjaroen Somsak
Published: April 2019

Using the Laplace transform technique, we investigate the generalized solutions of the third-order Cauchy-Euler equation of the form t 3 y ′ ′ ′ ( t ) + a t 2 y ′ ′ ( t ) + b y ′ ( t ) + c y ( t ) = 0 , where a , b , and c ∈ Z and t ∈ R . We find that the types of solutions in the space of right-sided distributions, either distributional solutions or weak solutions, depend on the values of a, b, and c. At the end of the paper, we give some examples showing the types of solutions. Our work improves the result of Kananthai (Distribution solutions of the third order Euler equation. Southeast Asian Bull. Math. 1999, 23, 627–631).
Characterization of the Primary Sludge from Pharmaceutical Industry Effluents and Final Disposition
Authors: Xavier Alberico Freitas Renata , Aguiar Borges Lara , Fernandes de Souza Handray , Colen Fernando , Rodrigues Cangussu Alex Sander , Macedo Sobrinho Eliane , Souza Alves Fonseca Francine , Henrique Sousa Santos Sérgio , Aparecida de Carvalho Bruna Mara , Viana Brandi Igor
Published: April 2019

The generation of large volumes of waste by industrial processes has become an object of study because of the necessity to characterize the composition of residues in order to suggest appropriate treatments and to minimize adverse environmental impacts. We performed analyses of total fixed and volatile solids, moisture, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). We found high organic matter content. We also measured physicochemical characteristics, including corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity. Sewage sludge showed levels of chloride and sodium above the maximum allowed limits. These data suggest the potential for anaerobic digestion as a treatment option for sewage sludge and for its use as a biofertilizer.
A Numerical Analysis of Pressure Pulsation Characteristics Induced by Unsteady Blood Flow in a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve
Authors: Xu Xiao-gang , Liu Tai-yu , Li Cheng , Zhu Lu , Li Shu-xun
Published: April 2019

The leaflet vibration phenomenon in bileaflet mechanical heart valves (BMHVs) can cause complications such as hemolysis, leaflet damage, and valve fracture. One of the main reasons for leaflet vibration is the unsteady blood flow pressure pulsation induced by turbulent flow instabilities. In this study, we performed numerical simulations of unsteady flow through a BMHV and observed pressure pulsation characteristics under different flow rates and leaflet fully opening angle conditions. The pressure pulsation coefficient and the low-Reynolds k-ω model in CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software were employed to solve these problems. Results showed that the level of pressure pulsation was highly influenced by velocity distribution, and that the higher coefficient of pressure pulsation was associated with the lower flow velocity along the main flow direction. The influence of pressure pulsation near the trailing edges was much larger than the data obtained near the leading edges of the leaflets. In addition, considering the level of pressure pulsation and the flow uniformity, the recommended setting of leaflet fully opening angle was about 80°.
The Proteome of Tetrasphaera elongata is adapted to Changing Conditions in Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors: Herbst Florian-Alexander , Dueholm Morten S. , Wimmer Reinhard , Nielsen Per Halkjær
Published: April 2019

The activated sludge in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) designed for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) experiences periodically changing nutrient and oxygen availability. Tetrasphaera is the most abundant genus in Danish WWTP and represents up to 20–30% of the activated sludge community based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses, although the genus is in low abundance in the influent wastewater. Here we investigated how Tetrasphaera can successfully out-compete most other microorganisms in such highly dynamic ecosystems. To achieve this, we analyzed the physiological adaptations of the WWTP isolate T. elongata str. LP2 during an aerobic to anoxic shift by label-free quantitative proteomics and NMR-metabolomics. Escherichia coli was used as reference organism as it shares several metabolic capabilities and is regularly introduced to wastewater treatment plants without succeeding there. When compared to E. coli, only minor changes in the proteome of T. elongata were observed after the switch to anoxic conditions. This indicates that metabolic pathways for anaerobic energy harvest were already expressed during the aerobic growth. This allows continuous growth of Tetrasphaera immediately after the switch to anoxic conditions. Metabolomics furthermore revealed that the substrates provided were exploited far more efficiently by Tetrasphaera than by E. coli. These results suggest that T. elongata prospers in the dynamic WWTP environment due to adaptation to the changing environmental conditions.
Building a Dataset Search for Institutions: Project Update
Authors: Mannheimer Sara , Clark Jason A. , Espeland James , Hagerman Kyle
Published: April 2019

Most out-of-the-box institutional repository systems do not provide the workflows and metadata features required for research data. Consequently, many libraries now support two institutional repository systems—one for publications, and one for research data—even when there are nearly a thousand data repositories in the United States, many of which provide services and policies that ensure their trustworthiness and suitability for research data. Libraries are either increasing spending by purchasing data repository solutions from vendors, or replicating work by building, customizing, and managing individual instances of data repository software. This article gives an update on a potential solution to this issue: An in-progress prototype for an open source Dataset Search tool that promotes discovery and reuse of institutional research datasets through automatic metadata harvesting and search engine optimization. Once finished, the Dataset Search tool has the potential to support three key impacts: Increasing discovery, reuse, and citation of research data; reinforcing the idea that research data are a legitimate scholarly product; and promoting community-owned systems that require less resource expenditure.
Listening to the Powerless: Experiences of People with Severe Intellectual Disabilities in an Evangelical Church
Authors: Shea Sarah
Published: April 2019

The experiences of people with severe intellectual disabilities (SID) in local churches are rarely studied, and their voices are not being heard in the research and religious communities. This study is an attempt to narrow the gap. Through a research method that combined person-centred care and action research, this study looks to explore the experiences of three persons with SID in a Hong Kong evangelical church, and give an account of the cultural and religious forces that have marginalized them. Findings show that it is not merely feasible but also necessary for church caregivers to listen to these powerless individuals if they want to be liberated from destructive stereotypical images of SID, broaden their basis of religious epistemology, and transform their spiritual care practices. However, the study reveals that there are some remaining barriers. It is found that the problematic evangelical style of spirituality has made Christians without disabilities misconceive individuals with SID as either inferior in the matter of faith or even incapable of coming to faith. Three corresponding types of pastoral responses that have kept persons with SID at the margins of the faith community are identified and discussed in this paper. The research results implies that evangelical Christian communities need nothing less than a critical examination of the logic of coming to faith if they want to remove such religious prejudice against persons with SID in future.
Bose–Einstein Correlations in pp and pPb Collisions at LHCb
Authors: Malecki Bartosz
Published: April 2019

Bose–Einstein correlations for same-sign charged pions from proton–proton collisions at s = 7 TeV are studied by the Large Hadron Collider beauty (LHCb) experiment. Correlation radii and chaoticity parameters are determined for different regions of charged-particle multiplicity using a double-ratio technique and a Levy parametrization of the correlation function. The correlation radius increases with the charged-particle multiplicity, while the chaoticity parameter decreases, which is consistent with observations from other experiments. A similar study for proton-lead collisions at s N N = 5.02 TeV is proposed. These results can give valuable input for the theoretical models that describe the evolution of the particle source, probing both its potential dependence on pseudorapidity region and differences between proton–proton and proton–lead systems.
Thromboembolic and haemorrhagic events in patients with atrial fibrillation: a prospective cohort study in UK primary and secondary care
Authors: Robson John , Mathur Rohini , Priebe Marian , Ahmed Zaheer , Ayerbe Luis
Published: April 2019

Background

Strong evidence on the long-term safety and efficacy of different types of anticoagulants would help clinicians to prevent thromboembolic events among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) while minimising the risk of haemorrhages.

Aim

To estimate the risk of thromboembolic and haemorrhagic events for patients with AF on antiplatelets or anticoagulants.

Design and setting

This was a cohort study using routinely collected UK primary and secondary care clinical data from patients with AF, aged ≥18 years, and with an indication to receive anticoagulation before April 2012.

Method

The risk of ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA), coronary heart disease (CHD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), or gastrointestinal (GI) haemorrhage, between 1 April 2012 and 1 April 2017, was estimated using multivariate Cox regression models for patients on antiplatelets only, a combination of antiplatelets and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), or novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs), and compared with those on VKAs only.

Results

Compared with VKAs, antiplatelets were associated with a higher risk of stroke or TIA, hazard ratio (HR) 1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09 to 2.09, and GI haemorrhage, HR 1.79, 95% CI = 1.01 to 3.18. The risk of thromboembolic and haemorrhagic events was similar for those on a combination of antiplatelets and VKAs, or those on VKAs only. The risk was also similar for those on NOACs or VKAs, except for CHD, where it was higher for patients on NOACs, HR 2.07, 95% CI = 1.35 to 3.19.

Conclusion

Anticoagulants are associated with lower risk of thromboembolic and haemorrhagic events among patients with AF than antiplatelets. More research is required on the risk associated with VKAs or NOACs.
ROLE OF TNF- α AND IL-10 IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS DISEASE AND THE ASSOCIATION WITH SOME HLA -11 DR AND DQ ALLELES
Authors: Raheem Samir Sabaa , M. Alkhatib Mussa , Jabber Asraa jawad
Published: April 2019

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease that causes progressive joint damage and disability.Inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-6, which are mainly produced bymacrophages, play a central role in the development of synovitis. For example, TNF play major role in theexpression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory chemokines which, in combination, facilitate increaseinflammatory leukocytes and severe inflammatory responses.In addition to environmental factors, genetic constitution of hosts seems to play a crucial role in acquiring thedisease and its development. The current study was carried out for the detection of any association of HLA-class 11(DR, DQ) with RA disease by genotyping in Iraqi patients, as well as to provide information about genotypes thatmay confer susceptibility or resistance to the development of the disease.Aim of the study: to assess the role, strength and profile of immune response in patients with rheumatoid arthritisby estimation of TNF- α, IL-10 and levels in compare to healthy control group. And to identify any role for certainalleles in exposure to the disease.Material and Method: Five ml of venous blood samples withdrawn from 30 patients suffering from confirmedRheumatoid arthritis disease, 19 patients were females and 11 males in addition to 30 healthy control samples wereenrolled in this study all samples were subjected for (ELISA test) (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay) toestimate the TNF- α, and IL-10 Levels by using the three ml of blood to extract the serum. Another two ml wasused for DNA extraction, and then HLA-Class Il genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-sequencespecific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSO).Results: A highly statistically significant variation both in TNF – α levels, and IL-10 between RA patients groupand healthy control group was observed, the P value was <0.001No statically significant differences between males and females in frequency of the RA with0.119 P value.HLA-class II genotyping of RA patients in compare with healthy control reflect significant differences in somealleles. Among DR alleles there were some alleles showed higher frequency in control group; DR*0403 alleleshowed increase frequency in control groups with 35% compared with 6.67% in patients group, and the P value was0.020, which is considered as statistically significant Another DR*701 allele showed increase frequency in patientsgroups with 9 cases 30% and the P value was 0.007. Concerning DQ allele’s genotyping no significant allele’sfrequency was noticed. Although *0202 allele occurred in 40% of patients group and 15% in control groups it wasnot significant statistically as the P value was more than 0.05
STUDY THE EFFECT OF GRAPHENE ON POLYMER (PAPA) COMPONENT
Authors: Shatti Ayad , K.Ahmed Kanaan , Adnan Osamah , Aljanabi Ihab
Published: April 2019

In this study graphene was prepared from the reaction of the graphene oxide by hummer methods. The preparednanoparticles were characterized by infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM),and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). Two types of polymers were prepared (PAPA) , Were diagnosed byFT_IR. The polymeric chips were maxed with vinyl alcohol polymer (PVA)(it's physical and chemical propertieswas known). The physical and electronic properties of these polymers were studied after deflection withnanoparticles. Electrophysiological measurements showed that the PAPA with graphene nanoparticles has shown ahigher conductivity than the (PAPA) polymers. and the real dielectric moment constant of (PAPA +Graphene).Whereas the electrostatic moment constant showed a significant in PAPA. The study showed that these latterparticles have a higher electric capacity of store energy than the polymer and are suitable for many applicationsranging from the manufacture capacity to batteries.
SO2F2-mediated transformation of 2'-hydroxyacetophenones to benzo-oxetes
Authors: Lekkala Revathi , Lekkala Ravindar , Moku Balakrishna , Rakesh K P , Qin Hua-Li
Published: April 2019

A catalyst-free novel and efficient methodology for the challenging synthesis of benzo-oxetes from 2'-hydroxyacetophenones mediated by sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) gas has been realized. The combination of 2'-hydroxyacetophenones and SO2F2 furnishes synthetically challenging benzo-oxetanes in moderate to excellent yields. The highlight of this work is the design and synthesis of strained four-membered oxete rings.