bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morbid anatomy of patients with mycobacterial infections, a cross sectional autopsy study at a tertiary Hospital in a high disease burden setting
Authors: Wamala Dan , Kallenius Gunilla , Joloba Moses
Published: August 2019

Background Tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Infections caused by different mycobacteria can be clinically indistinguishable but the differences in their pathological features and mortality are unclear. Methods To evaluate the contribution of different mycobacterial pathogens to lethal mycobacterial disease and assess subsequent pathological features, we performed autopsies of 49 patients with suspected TB. Autopsy specimens were examined histologically and cultured for mycobacteria. We identified Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolates and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), and further genotyped the Mtb isolates. Results Mtb isolates were found in 37 patients and NTM in 12 patients. All patients had signs of caseous pneumonia and 42 patients (86%) had disease involving more than half of the lungs. Two-thirds of the patients with TB or NTM had extrapulmonary engagement in addition to pulmonary pathology. Gross pathology and histopathology were similar in TB patients and patients with NTM, except that patients with NTM had a significantly reduced tendency to cause pleural effusions. Of the Mtb isolates 55% were of the Uganda genotype, which is the predominant Mtb genotype in Uganda. This genotype was significantly more frequent in the younger patients. Conclusion In this autopsy study of patients with presumptive TB a majority of culture positive cases were caused by Mtb. In 25% of patients NTM were identified, and histopathology was similar in TB and NTM patients, although NTM patients had significantly less pleural effusions. These results suggest that NTM contribute to mortality, and that their identification is important because of the special clinical and therapeutic implications associated with NTM infections.
Low seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies in pregnant women of northern Durango, Mexico
Authors: Campos Rolando Adair Facio , Esqu Cosme Alvarado , Olivas Edgar
Published: August 2019

Toxoplasmosis is caused by intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) a zoonotic disease that infects almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. In addition, T. gondii infection can result in serious and life-threatening consequences for the developing fetus or newborn, including spontaneous abortion, congenital blindness, hydrocephalus, mental retardation, and even death. The aim of this research was to estimate the frequency of seropositivity to IgM and IgG antibodies against T. gondii in pregnant women attended in the health services of the “Lagunera” region of Durango State in the period of January 2018 - October 2018. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 434 pregnant women who used the health services of Durango State. Serum was analyzed for T. gondii infection by detecting IgG and IgM anti-T. gondii antibodies using commercial kits through the immunological technique of ELISA. In addition, a standardized questionnaire was applied to evaluate risk factors and sociodemographic characteristics of the participants. From 434 participants, 4 were detected with IgG antibodies (0.92%) and none of these had a positive result to IgM antibodies (0%). Dry meat consumption (OR = 13.5; 95% CI 0.94 – 192.58; p= 0.055) and other types of meat consumption (OR = 15.61; 95% CI 1.08 – 224.05; p= 0.043) were associated factors to infection. The results showed a lower seroprevalence of antibodies against T. gondii than any other study reported before. In addition, our results indicate the majority of the population studied is at risk of having a primary T. gondii infection.
Horizontal gene transfer contributes to virulence and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio harveyi 345 based on complete genome sequence analysis
Authors: Feng Juan , Deng Yiqin , Xu Haidong , Su Youlu , Liu Songlin , Xu Liwen , Guo Zhixun , Wu Jinjun , Cheng Changhong
Published: August 2019

Background Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), which is affected by environmental pollution and climate change, promotes genetic communication, changing bacterial pathogenicity and drug resistance. However, few studies have been conducted on the effect of HGT on the high pathogenicity and drug resistance of the opportunistic pathogen Vibrio harveyi.Results V. harveyi 345 that was multidrug resistant and infected Epinephelus oanceolutus was isolated from a diseased organism in Shenzhen, Southern China, an important and contaminated aquaculture area. Analysis of the entire genome sequence predicted 5,678 genes including 487 virulence genes contributing to bacterial pathogenesis and 25 antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) contributing to antimicrobial resistance. Five ARGs ( tetm , tetb , qnrs , dfra17 , and sul2 ) and one virulence gene (CU052_28670) on the pAQU-type plasmid p345-185, provided direct evidence for HGT. Comparative genome analysis of 31 V. harveyi strains indicated that 217 genes and 7 gene families, including a class C beta-lactamase gene, a virulence-associated protein D gene, and an OmpA family protein gene were specific to strain V. harveyi 345. These genes could contribute to HGT or be horizontally transferred from other bacteria to enhance the virulence or antibiotic resistance of 345. Mobile genetic elements in 71 genomic islands encoding virulence factors for three type III secretion proteins and 13 type VI secretion system proteins, and two incomplete prophage sequences were detected that could be HGT transfer tools. Evaluation of the complete genome of V. harveyi 345 and comparative genomics indicated genomic exchange, especially exchange of pathogenic genes and drug-resistance genes by HGT contributing to pathogenicity and drug resistance. Climate change and continued environmental deterioration are expected to accelerate the HGT of V. harveyi , increasing its pathogenicity and drug resistance.Conclusion This study provides timely information for further analysis of V. harveyi pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance and developing pollution control measurements for coastal areas.
A high number of diseases and consultations: a warning signal for GPs when following up a multimorbid patient
Authors: Aujoulat Paul , NABBE Patrice , LALANDE Sophie , GOFF Delphine LE , DERRIENIC Jeremy , VIALA Jeanlin , FONSECA Jerome , GATINEAU Florence , RESTE Jean Yves LE
Published: August 2019

Background: the European General Practitioners Research Network (EGPRN) designed and validated a comprehensive definition of multimorbidity using a systematic literature review and qualitative research throughout Europe. Detecting risk factors for decompensation would be an interesting challenge for family physicians (FPs) in the management of multimorbid patients. The purpose of the survey was to assess which items belonging to the EGPRN multimorbidity definition could help to identify patients at risk of decompensation in a cohort pilot study over a 24-month follow-up among primary care outpatients.

Method : 131 patients meeting the multimorbidity definition were included using two inclusion periods between 2014 and 2015. Over a 24-month follow-up, the « decompensation » or « nothing to report » status was collected. A logistic regression, following a Cox model, was then performed
to identify risk factors for decompensation.

Results : After 24 months of follow-up, 120 patients were analyzed. 3 clusters were identified. 44 patients, representing 36.6 % of the population, were still alive and had not been hospitalized for a period exceeding 6 days. Two variables were significantly linked to decompensation: the number of visits to the FP per year (HR 1.06, IC 95 %, 1,03-1,10, p-value <0,001) and the total number of diseases (HR 1,12, IC 95 %, 1,013-1,33, p-value = 0,039).

Conclusion: FPs should be aware that a high number of consultations and a high total number of diseases are linked to severe outcomes such as death or unplanned hospitalization. A large-scale cohort in primary care seems feasible to confirm these results.
QALY-Time: Experts’ view on the use of the quality-adjusted life year in cost-effectiveness analysis in palliative care
Authors: Wichmann Anne B. , Goltstein Lia C.M.J. , Obihara Ndidi J. , Berendsen Madeleine R. , Houdenhoven Mark van , Morrison R. Sean , Johnston Bridget M. , Engels Yvonne
Published: August 2019

Background. The Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY) is internationally recognized as standard metric of health outcomes in cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) in healthcare. The ongoing debate concerning the appropriateness of its use for decision-making in palliative care has been recently mapped in a review. Aim. To report on and draw conclusions from two expert meetings that reflected on earlier mapped issues in order to reach consensus, and to advise on the QALY’s future use in palliative care. Methods. A nominal group approach was used. In order to facilitate group decision making, three statements regarding the use of the QALY in palliative care were discussed in a structured way. Two groups of international policymakers, healthcare professionals and researchers participated. Data were analysed qualitatively using inductive coding. Findings. 1) Most experts agreed that the recommended measurement tool for the QALYs ‘Q’ component, the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), is inappropriate for palliative care. A more sensitive tool, which might be based on the capabilities approach, could be used or developed. 2) Valuation of time should be incorporated in the ‘Q’ part, leaving the linear clock time in the ‘LY’ component. 3) Most experts agreed that the QALY, in its current shape, is not suitable for palliative care. Discussion. 1) Although the EQ-5D does not suffice, a generic tool is needed for the QALY. As long as no suitable alternative is available, other tools can be used besides or serve as basis for the EQ-5D because of issues in conceptual overlap. 2) Future research should further investigate the valuation of time issue, and how best to integrate it in the ‘Q’ component. 3) A generic outcome measure of effectiveness is essential to justly allocate healthcare resources. However, experts emphasized, the QALY is and should be one of multiple criteria for choices in the healthcare insurance package.
Base on metabolomics:analysis of the internal causes of nutrient changes in Leymus chinensis at different harvest stage
Authors: Wang wei , Ge Gentu , Zhou Tian rong , Chang Chun , Yin Qiang , Jia Yushan
Published: August 2019

Background Leymus chinensis is one of most valuable forage on the native grassland for its higher nutrition content. But the local farmer often gained the worse Leymus chinensis hay due to the unfavourable harvest stage, the nutrition of Leymus chinensis was decreasing from jointing stage to solid stage fro its growth characteristics, and the results showed that the crude protein (CP) decreased and the fiber content increased which will caused the nutrition of forage reduced. However, the reason for the nutrient changes in Leymus chinensis has not yet explained at the metabolic level. Results In this research, the Leymus chinensis was harvested at two growth stage(jointing stage and solid stage).Metabolomics was used to analyze the expression changes of metabolites in the whole plant of Leymus chinensis at different harvest stage, and the metabolites were analyzed based on LC-MS/MS untargeted metabolomics. A total of 55 metabolic pathways and 119 metabolites were related to the nutritional change in Leymus chinensis. Most of the metabolites are involved in metabolic processes, including amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and acid metabolism biosynthesis. Under the action of EBF1/2 and EIN3, cysteine participates in the ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation pathway. In solid stage, the increasing content of cysteine directly promotes the ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation rate, which is manifested reduce the synthesis of crude protein (CP) in Leymus chinensis, resulting in the decreasing of Leymus chinensis nutrient quality. Carbohydrate metabolism provides raw materials for the synthesis of hemicellulose, leading to the increasing of hemicellulose. In addition, phenylalanine provides the necessary conditions for the synthesis of lignin. These are the internal factors that lead to the decline of quality of Leymus chinensis. Conclusions This study analyzed the elucidate the relationship between the reduction in the nutritional value of Leymus chinensis and complex biological processes by the metabolomic,This study will provides a theoretical basis for producing high-quality Leymus chinensis hay and sets the stage for further research.
Adverse maternal outcomes of pregnancy induced hypertension among pregnant women in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Berhe Abadi Kidanemariam , ILESANMI Abiodun O. , AIMAKHU Christopher O. , Mulugeta Afework
Published: August 2019

Objective The objective of this study was to assess the effect of pregnancy-induced hypertension on adverse maternal outcomes in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. A prospective cohort study was conducted on a total sample of 782 pregnant women attending antenatal care in hospitals of Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaire and review of their medical records from February 1, 2018, to February 30, 2019. Data analysis was performed using Stata version 14.0.Results The overall adverse maternal outcome was 67.7% among women with pregnancy-induced hypertension and 25.1% among normotensive women. Specifically women with pregnancy-induced hypertension were at higher risk of developing Antepartum hemorrhage (Adjusted RR=1.4(1.1,2.5)), postpartum hemorrhage (RR=2.6(1.3,4.9)), induction of labor (RR=5.9(4.0,8.7)) and delivering by cesarean section (RR=2.1(1.6,2.8)) compared to normotensive women.
Self- Care Practices and Associated Factors among Adult Diabetic Patients in Public Hospitals of Dire Dawa Administration, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Getie Asmare , Geda Biftu , Alemayhu Tadesse , Bante Agenehu , Aschalew Zeleke , Alemu Biresaw wassihun
Published: August 2019

Background Diabetes is a huge growing problem, and causes high and escalating costs to the society. To prevent serious morbidity and mortality, diabetes treatment requires commitment to demanding self-care behaviors in multiple domains. Even though the majority of diabetic treatment in lines with good self-care practice, the number of research’s conducted on self-care practice is not adequate and some domains, like foot care practice were not addressed. The aim of this study was to assess self- care practices and its associated factors among adult diabetic patients in Dire Dawa public hospitals of Eastern, Ethiopia.METHODS Cross-sectional study was conducted among 513 diabetic patients. Study participants were selected through systematic random sampling. Data was collected from Feb, 01 to March 01, 2018. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.3.1 and exported to SPSS version 22.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression with crude and adjusted odds ratios along with the 95% confidence interval was computed and interpreted accordingly. A P-value of <0.05 was considered to declare a result as statistically significant.RESULT The result of the study showed that 55.9%,(95% CI: 51.4, 60.3) of participants had good self-care practices. There were statistical association between good diabetes knowledge (AOR= 2.14, 95% CI:1.37, 3.35), family support system (AOR= 2.69, 95% CI:1.56, 4.62), treatment satisfaction (AOR= 2.07, 95% CI:1.18, 3.62), diabetes education (AOR= 2.21, 95% CI: 1.35, 3.63), high economic status (AOR= 1.89, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.48), having glucometer,(AOR=2.69, 95% CI:1.57, 4.63),higher educational status (AOR= 2.68, 95% CI: 1.31, 5.49), and duration of disease greater than 10 years AOR=2.70, 95% CI: 1.17, 6.26) with good self-care practice.Conclusion In this study a substantial number of the patients had poor self-care practices especially dietary practice and self-monitoring of blood glucose which have critical roles in controlling diabetes. Provision of diabetes self-care education and counseling especially on importance of self-monitoring of blood glucose, and dietary practice should be considered by responsible bodies.
Using A Facebook Group to Facilitate Faculty-Student Interactions during Preclinical Medical Education: A Retrospective Survey Analysis
Authors: Henry David S. , Wessinger William D , Meena Nikhil K. , Payakachat Nalin , Gardner Jerad M. , Rhee Sung W
Published: August 2019

Background: Strong learner-teacher relationships are associated with more successful learning outcomes. With shortened modular curricula and increased availability of online resources, fostering faculty interaction with preclinical medical students has become more challenging. We sought to enhance learner-teacher relationships by engaging in discussion with preclinical medical students in their own online space. Methods: We utilized a closed Facebook discussion group, where faculty and students voluntarily joined in informal discussions and shared announcements related to their courses. The closed discussion group allowed only participating students and faculty to see others’ posts within the group. This provided a platform to freely interact within the confines of the group while maintaining privacy for the personal Facebook accounts of both faculty and students. We utilized the discussion group through 3 separate organ system-based modules for 14 weeks. Afterward, students were asked to complete a voluntary online survey about their experience. Results: 94.1% (160/170) of enrolled second-year medical students joined the voluntary FB discussion group. There were 214 posts, 628 comments, and 4166 reactions in this discussion group during the three modules. Of the students in the group, 74.4% (119/160) responded to the online survey. Overall, students strongly agreed that the Facebook discussion group fostered better rapport with faculty, helped content learning, and improved emotional well-being. Also, they felt more comfortable seeking academic help after using the discussion group. They reported a slight preference for Facebook over email as a medium for asking questions, but no preference for either as a medium for distributing announcements. Students overwhelmingly recommended that the discussion group should be continued in future years. Conclusion: The Facebook discussion group was a free, efficient, and effective method of cultivating the learner-teacher relationship with the preclinical medical students, resulting in reported enhancement in learning and morale.
Molecular characterization of strong biofilm producing MDR, XDR and PDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a tertiary care hospital in South India
Authors: Manivannan Bhavani , Pachipulusu Chanakya , Khamari Balaram , Datta Chandreyee , Lama Manmath , Raman Sai Suguna , Bulagonda Eswarappa Pradeep
Published: August 2019

Background : Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic, gram negative bacterium that causes serious infections, especially among immunocompromised patients. An unusually high incidence of nosocomial P. aeruginosa infections was observed among patients hospitalized at Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Puttaparthi, India, between 2014 November and 2015 February. Some of the patients being treated for a variety of cardiac and urological disorders in the Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery - Intensive Care Unit (CTVS-ICU) and Urology ward were found infected with P. aeruginosa . Active surveillance and environmental sampling revealed the presence of two additional MDR P. aeruginosa in the tap waters of CTVS-ICU. Based on the Antibiotic sensitivity pattern, fourteen P. aeruginosa MDR (n=7), XDR (n=6) and PDR (n=1) isolates (inclusive of the two tap water isolates) were shortlisted for additional investigations. These isolates were characterized for antibiotic sensitivity, biofilm production, minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC), presence of antibiotic resistance genes, efflux pumps, and integrons.
Results : Mutations in gyr A, gyr B, par C, mex R, nfx B, mex B and mex F genes were correlated to enhanced antibiotic resistance. Notably, the isolates were also found to harbor integrons and blaNDM-1. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) based phylogenetic analyses grouped the clinical isolates into three distinct ward specific clusters, while the tap water isolates were grouped into a separate cluster. Detection of nosocomial P. aeruginosa in the CTVS-ICU and urology ward triggered the activation of enhanced surveillance and infection control measures to contain and eliminate P. aeruginosa infections.
Conclusions : Multiple clones of P. aeruginosa are prevalent in the study center. Hence, continuous screening and identification of potential reservoirs is absolutely essential to control the spread of drug resistant P. aeruginosa infections.
Anti-pathogenic efficacy of biogenic silver nanoparticles through adherence and biofilm inhibition in multidrug resistant ESKAPE pathogens
Authors: Khan Mohd Hashim , Unnikrishnan Sneha , Ramalingam Karthikeyan
Published: August 2019

Background

The current study aimed to produce AgNPs through a biogenic approach and assessed for their significant anti-pathogenic activities against multi-drug resistant ESKAPE pathogens. The biogenic AgNPs were synthesized through non-toxic manner and characterized by using UV-vis, XRD, DLS, TGA-DTA, FTIR, SEM along with EDX and UHRTEM were used to determine the absorption spectra, shape, size, thermal behaviour, functional groups, morphology, elemental constituents and defined particle size distribution profile, respectively. The AgNPs were evaluated for their anti-pathogenic effects against eleven strains of multi drug resistant ESKAPE pathogens by growth inhibition, biofilm adhesion, growth kinetics and Live/dead assays.Results

The inhibitory range of AgNPs concentration was investigated as higher zones at escalating concentration (50 to 200 µg/ml). The growth kinetics of inhibition of all tested pathogens occurred after 4 hrs of treatment with AgNPs. Adherence assay exhibited highest inhibition in E. faecium (MCC 2763), P. aeruginosa (MTCC 1688) and E. species (MCC 2296) at 100µg/ml of AgNPs. The exposure of AgNPs increased the dead cell and consequently reduced cells density with AgNPs comparable with the effect of commercial antibiotics. The selected pathogens were found more sensitive to AgNPs than Cefotaxime/AgNO3 with the statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion

The emergence of drug resistance in ESKAPE pathogens are the extending reason for nosocomial infections, limiting the choice of antibiotics. Nanomaterials have been considered potential agents to prevent infections. Therefore, present study showed the broad spectrum potential and anti-pathogenic potency of biogenic AgNPs as an alternative to conventional antimicrobial agents.
Nova Politika doživljaja i R. D. Laingove stare »nove ideje«
Authors: Itten Theodor
Published: August 2019

U članku se istražuje psihoterapijsko nasljeđe R. D. Lainga i njegovo novo shvaćanje škotske psihodinamske psihijatrije, u sklopu čije ostavštine je prakticirao koncept – »pacijent je kao ja i ti«. Kritički ću evaluirati njegovo iskustveno svjedočanstvo psihoanalitičara i teoretičara unutar polja tzv. »antipsihijatrije«, »radikalne psihijatrije« i »avanti-psihijatrije«, obilježenog gnjevom i bijesom usmjerenima prema bezličnoj prirodi moderne psihijatrije, malignih utjecaja farmaceutske industrije, otuđujućeg karaktera suvremenog sveučilišnog obrazovanja – čimbenika prisutnih od sredine 1960-ih do kasnih 1980-ih. Fokus Nove politike doživljaja, usmjeren na radikalno društveno razmišljanje i interdisciplinarno istraživanje, temelji se na društvenim fenomenološko-empirijskim istraživanjima i razvoju integrativnog psihoterapijskog pristupa.
Kompleksi
Authors: Vučković Dragutin
Published: August 2019

Autor u članku govori o kompleksima sa stajališta analitičke psihologije C. G. Junga, o njihovom nastanku, manifestaciji i svrsi. Kao i svako znanstveno istraživanje, istraživanje psihe započinje konceptualizacijom određenih prirodnih pojava. Koncept svijesti, nesvjesnog i njihove dinamike osnova je teorije kompleksa. Ako postoji svijest, tada je nesvjesno direktna implikacija njenog postojanja. Autor pokušava opisati djelovanje nesvjesnog na svijest i promjene do koje dovodi asimilacija nesvjesnog sadržaja, tj. asimilacija kompleksa, sa zaključkom kako je asimilacija nesvjesnog sadržaja temelj psihičkog razvoja, kako izvan, tako i unutar psihoanalitičkog procesa.
A flexibilidade do pacifismo japonês
Authors: Gonçalves de Oliveira Alana Camoça
Published: August 2019

Com o fim da Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-1945), em 1947 o Japão adotou uma nova Constituição, conhecida como um dos grandes símbolos dos ideais pacifistas desde o seu estabelecimento, devido ao Artigo 9º, – onde são restringidos os poderes militares do país. Por esse motivo, qualquer tentativa de revisão da Constituição tem impacto tanto doméstica como regional e internacionalmente. Todavia, é preciso abrir a caixa-preta para analisar se a Constituição japonesa é norteada, de fato, pelo pacifismo. À luz das concepções dos realismos sobre a necessidade de um país responder às ameaças do sistema internacional, e questionando o pacifismo nipônico, o presente artigo revisita a história da Constituição do Japão e de suas Forças de Autodefesa com o intuito de debater o comportamento do arquipélago, principalmente no século XXI. A hipótese que norteia este artigo é de que, ao longo da história, as interpretações do governo japonês sobre a Constituição e suas forças de defesa eram e são necessárias diante das transformações do sistema internacional, o que impulsiona a necessidade de flexibilização do documento e o fortalecimento das capacidades de suas forças de defesa.
A resiliência das agências de rating no sistema financeiro internacional
Authors: Machado Pedro Lange Netto , Arienti Patrícia Fonseca Ferreira
Published: August 2019

Por que as agências de rating permanecem como atores chave na dinâmica financeira global, mesmo após seus sucessivos fracassos enquanto avaliadoras de risco? Este artigo analisa a resiliência destas empresas a partir de reflexões teóricas, que permitem confrontar suas trajetórias históricas com uma perspectiva da globalização financeira que leva em conta tanto suas motivações políticas quanto seus desdobramentos econômicos. A hipótese trabalhada considera que o papel desempenhado pelas agências no sistema financeiro internacional excede a função de classificação de risco, consistindo também na manutenção da coerência interna do regime financeiro que se constituiu sobre a projeção do poder estrutural dos Estados Unidos e que se traduz no Consenso de Washington. Com esta finalidade, conjuga-se a teoria de Panitch e Gindin (2012) e de Konings (2011), que compreendem a globalização financeira como uma expansão do sistema financeiro dos Estados Unidos para o restante do globo, com reflexões teóricas e recentes observações empíricas de marcos regulatórios e sobre o modus operandi de Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s e Fitch Ratings. Busca-se, assim, contribuir para melhor compreensão acerca dos objetivos dessas empresas e conferir solidez teórica a possíveis pesquisas empíricas em torno de suas ações.
Spiritualistic Humanistic Communication Strategy on Learning Aqidah Akhlaq at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Prastowo Andi , Latief Muhammad Jamroh
Published: August 2019

This study discusses the communication strategy in learning Aqidah Akhlaq to foster humanistic values and spiritualistic intelligence of learners in religious Elementary School  Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) 1 Yogyakarta. This study used a qualitative approach with case study method. Data were collected by in-depth interview, observation, and documentation, then analysed by interactive model. The results of this study revealed that communication strategy to cultivate the values of humanistic spirituality in MIN 1 Yogyakarta includes 3 three kinds: teachers as a compelling speaker, teachers as less effective preachers, and teachers as moderators.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini membahas strategi komunikasi dalam pembelajaran Aqidah Akhlaq untuk menumbuhkan nilai-nilai humanistik dan kecerdasan spiritualistik peserta didik di Sekolah Dasar Agama Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) 1 Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis dengan model interaktif. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa strategi komunikasi untuk menumbuhkan nilai-nilai spiritualitas humanistik di MIN 1 Yogyakarta meliputi 3 tiga jenis: guru sebagai pembicara yang meyakinkan, guru sebagai pengkhotbah yang kurang efektif, dan guru sebagai moderator.

 
Multicultural Value in the Traditional Islamic Boarding School, Bina Insan Mulia (BIMA), Cirebon, Indonesia
Authors: Nurhayati Eti , Nurhidayah Yayah
Published: August 2019

Multicultural Education in Islamic Boarding Schools teaches tolerance and openness in carrying out activities of daily living. This research was conducted at the Bina Insan Mulia (BIMA) boarding school using descriptive qualitative methods, as well as data collection techniques by interviewing, observing, documenting studies, and FGDs. The conclusions of this study are: (1) The values of Multicultural Islamic Education implemented at the BIMA Islamic Boarding School are sourced from books / books taught to students / students such as the book of Hadith al-Arba'in Nawawiyah, Safinah al-Najah, Fath al-Qarib , Ta'lim al-Mutaa'llim, Taysir al-Khalaq, and Riyadh al-Saliheen; (2) The application of multicultural values includes openness, humanity, tolerance, mutual assistance, justice, equality, brotherhood.

 

Abstrak

Pendidikan Multikultural di Pondok pesantren mengajarkan toleransi dan keterbukaan dalam melaksanakan aktifitas hidup sehari-hari. Penelitian ini dilakukan di pondok pesantren Bina Insan Mulia (BIMA) dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, serta teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, observasi, studi dokumentasi, dan FGD. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah: (1) Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Islam Multikultural yang diterapkan di Pondok pesantren BIMA bersumber dari kitab / buku yang diajarkan kepada murid / Santri seperti kitab Hadits al-Arba'in Nawawiyah, Safinah al-Najah, Fath al-Qarib, Ta'lim al-Mutaa'llim, Taysir al-Khalaq, dan Riyadh al-Shalihin; (2) Penerapan nilai-nilai multikultural tersebut meliputi keterbukaan, kemanusiaan, toleransi, saling membantu, keadilan, kesetaraan, persaudaraan.

 
Ahmad Dahlan’s Perspective about the Model of Modern Integration Islamic Education
Authors: Fanani Ahwan
Published: August 2019

Ahmad Dahlan made a breakthrough in Islamic Education in the Early 20th Century. He was not only educated in a traditional environment, but also influenced by the modernist movement in Egypt, especially Abduh and Rashid Ridla. This article aims to describe the approach of modern Islamic education by Ahmad Dahlan. This writing uses the socio-historical approach. The results show that Dahlan renewed Islamic Education by integrating Islamic subjects into the public school curriculum and vice versa. The project covers aspects of curriculum, methods, and institutions. Integration projects are more practical and in line with projects undertaken by Ismail Raj'i al-Faruqi, Naquib al-Attas, and Amin Abdullah. The modern Islamic education model by Ahmad Dahlan is relevant to current Islamic education.

 

Abstrak

Ahmad Dahlan melakukan terobosan dalam Pendidikan Islam di Awal abad 20. Beliau tidak hanya dididik di lingkungan tradisional, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh gerakan modernis di Mesir, terutama Abduh dan Rashid Ridla. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pendekatan pendidikan Islam modern oleh Ahmad Dahlan. Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan sosial-sejarah. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Dahlan memperbarui Pendidikan Islam dengan mengintegrasikan mata pelajaran Islam ke dalam kurikulum sekolah umum dan sebaliknya. Proyeknya mencakup aspek kurikulum, metode, dan kelembagaan. Proyek integrasi lebih bersifat praktek dan sejalan dengan proyek yang dilakukan oleh Ismail Raj'i al-Faruqi, Naquib al-Attas, dan Amin Abdullah. Model pendidikan Islam modern oleh Ahmad Dahlan relevan dengan Pendidikan Islam saat ini.

 
Liberating People; Critical Pedagogy on the Revolutionary Thought of Hassan Hanafi
Authors: Khasri M. Rodinal Khair
Published: August 2019

The researcher observed the dimension of critical pedagogy in the context of Hassan Hanafi revolutionary thought. He was very good founding the fundamental thought in theology of liberation named Left Islam. This research used a literature study and historical-factual method to analyze the dimension of critical pedagogy on Hassan Hanafi revolutionary thought. The result of this research was new understanding about critical pedagogy dimension on Hassan Hanafi thought. First. Dehumanization in the context of education is inseparable from the influence of Western cultural imperialism. Second, The critical pedagogy found in Hassan Hanafi's thoughts is a pedagogy that aims to eliminate the destructive nature caused by the one-dimensional view that results in educational disorientation from the true educational goal of liberating people.
 

Abstrak
Artikel ini mempresentasikan hasil penelitian terhadap pemikiran revolusioner Hassan Hanafi sehingga ditemukan dimensi pedagogi kritisnya. Hassan Hanafi merupakan sosok pemikir Islam yang sangat baik di dalam membangun pemikiran-pemikiran fundamental di dalam konteks teologi pembebasan, serta yang paling terkenal ia sebut dengan istilah “Kiri Islam”. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam klasifikasi studi literatur dengan metode historis-faktual di dalam menganalisis dimensi pedagogi kritis di dalam pemikiran Hassan Hanafi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pemahaman baru tentang dimensi pedagogi kritis di dalam pemikiran Hassan Hanafi. Pertama, dehumanisasi dalam konteks pendidikan adalah akibat dari pengaruh imperialisme budaya Barat. Kedua, pedagogi kritis Hasan Hanafi fokus pada upaya membangkitkan kesadaran eksistensial di tengah beragam permasalahan yang terjadi di masyarakat. Pedagogi kritis yang ditemukan di dalam pemikiran Hassan Hanafi merupakan pedagogi yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan hal yang bersifat destruktif yang disebabkan oleh pandangan berdimensi-satu yang mengakibatkan disorientasi pendidikan dari tujuan pendidikan yang sesungguhnya yaitu memerdekakan manusia.
 
Comparison of microbial and physicochemical behavior of expanded granular sludge bed system during methylparaben and triclosan removal
Authors: Castrillon Laura , Londoño Yudy Andrea , Pino Nancy J. , Peñuela Gustavo A.
Published: August 2019

Methylparaben and triclosan are antimicrobial agents widely used as preservatives in a variety of personal care and pharmaceutical products. Wastewater is considered the main source of these compounds in the environment. Expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors are a high rate technology for wastewater treatment based on biological processes and have been shown to be efficient in removing different types of compounds; however, little is known about the effect of contaminants such as methylparaben and triclosan on their behavior and effectiveness. In this study, we evaluate and compare the microbial and physicochemical behavior of EGSB systems during methylparaben and triclosan removal. The presence of different concentrations of pollutants had an influence on the cluster organization of microbial communities, especially bacteria. However, this did not affect the stability and performance of the EGSB systems. The banding patterns of the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of archaea demonstrated the constant presence and abundance of Methanosaeta concilii throughout all stages of operation, showing that this microorganism played a fundamental role in the stability of the reactors for the production of methane. The type of compound and its concentration influenced the expression of the mcrA and ACAs genes; however, these changes did not alter the stability and performance of the EGSB systems.
Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homologue (KRAS) Mutations in the Occurrence and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhu Ziying , Xiao Saisong , Hao Haojie , Hou Qian , Fu Xiaobing
Published: August 2019

:

Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant tumor with a 5-year survival rate of less than 6%, and
incidence increasing year by year globally. Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis and a high recurrence
rate, almost the same as the death rate. However, the available effective prevention and treatment measures
for pancreatic cancer are still limited. The genome variation is one of the main reasons for the development
of pancreatic cancer. In recent years, with the development of gene sequencing technology,
in-depth research on pancreatic cancer gene mutation presents that a growing number of genetic mutations
are confirmed to be in a close relationship with invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.
Among them, KRAS mutation is a special one. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the
mechanism of the KRAS mutation in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer, and to explore
the method of its transformation into clinical tumor molecular targeted treatment sites, to further
improve the therapeutic effect on pancreatic cancer. Therefore, to better design chemical drugs, this review
based on the biological functions of KRAS, summarized the types of KRAS mutations and their
relationship with pancreatic cancer and included the downstream signaling pathway Raf-MEK-ERK,
PI3K-AKT, RalGDS-Ral of KRAS and the current medicinal treatment methods for KRAS mutations.
Moreover, drug screening and clinical treatment for KRAS mutated cell and animal models of pancreatic
cancer are also reviewed along with the prospect of targeted medicinal chemistry therapy for precision
treatment of pancreatic cancer in the future.
The Antioxidant, Anticarcinogenic and Antimicrobial Properties of Verbascum thapsus L.
Authors: Mahdavi Saman , Amiradalat Morteza , Babashpour Marzieh , Sheikhlooei Hosein , Miransari Mohammad
Published: August 2019

Background:

The antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial activities of Verbascum
Thapsus L., known as great mullein, (an important medicinal plant containing different biochemical
compounds including sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, saponins and lignins) were determined.
There is not much data, to our knowledge, in this respect.

Methods:

The antioxidant activities of V. Thapsus were investigated by the DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-
1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Using GC-MS, the presence of different anticarcinogenic products including
1-hexzanol (2.11%), 2-hexene (1.95%), etc. was determined in the ethanolic extract of V.
Thapsus. The antimicrobial activities of V. Thapsus were determined by the minimum inhibiting
concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods using the Grampositive
and -negative bacterial strains.

Results:

The least concentration of V. Thapsus L. ethanolic extract (50 mg/l) resulted in only
21.26% inhibition of DPPH free radicals, however, the concentrations of 300 mg/l resulted in almost
the highest inhibition (91.31%) of DPPH free radicals. The antioxidant activities of synthesized
antioxidant BHT at the concentration of 300 mg/l or higher were similar to the antioxidant
activities of V. Thapsus L. ethanolic extract. Both the isolated and the standard Gram-negative bacterial
strains were more tolerant to the V. Thapsus ethanolic extract, compared with the Grampositive
bacterial strains. Bacillus cereus was the most sensitive bacterial strain among the tested
bacterial strains.

Conclusion:

The medicinal plant V. Thapsus L. can be used for the treatment of different diseases,
such as cancer and infectious diseases.
The Interplay Between Asthma and Other Diseases: Role of Ca2+/cAMP Signalling
Authors: Bergantin Leandro B.
Published: August 2019

Objective:

Asthma is correlated with a higher risk of manifesting other diseases, including
hypertension, diabetes, obesity, psychiatric and neurological diseases, and cancer. Therefore, revealing
this interplay between asthma and these illnesses may provide novel insights into their pathogenesis.

Results:

It is highly debated that dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis is involved in the pathogenesis of
these maladies. Not surprisingly, calcium (Ca2+) channel blockers (CCBs), classically used as antihypertensive
medicines, have been demonstrating off-label effects such as alleviating asthma symptoms,
in addition to antidiabetic, antiobesity, anticancer and antineurodegenerative effects. Our studies
about Ca2+/cAMP signalling may shed some new light on this field.

Conclusion:

Thus, considering that asthma and associated illnesses such as hypertension, diabetes,
obesity, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases have become highly prevalent medical problems in the
world, the comprehension of this interplay between asthma and other disorders could improve drug
therapy.
SAUTEE: un recurso en línea para análisis estilométricos
Authors: López-Escobedo Fernanda , Sierra Gerardo , Solórzano Julián
Published: August 2019

La estilometría es la cuantificación del estilo por medio de la búsqueda de rasgos textuales que sean medibles y representativos del estilo de un autor. No existen muchas aplicaciones dirigidas al público en general que permitan realizar estudios de esta naturaleza, y las que existen son relativamente limitadas o no necesariamente amigables al usuario. En este artículo presentamos una aplicación web para análisis estilométrico. La aplicación está respaldada por un gestor de corpus, es de fácil manejo y presenta los resultados de manera intuitiva, sin dejar de lado la visión de ofrecer un catálogo exhaustivo de marcadores estilométricos y métodos de análisis.
ASSESSMENT OF RELIABILITY AND VITALITY OF SYSTEMS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE INTERRELATION OF ELEMENTS WITH SEISMIC EXPOSURE
Authors: Abakarov A. J. , Gasanov R. G.
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to develop a model for assessing the reliability of frame systems, taking into account the redistribution of forces between vertical structures when plastic hinges are formed in them from horizontal seismic effects.

MethodThe research method is based on the analysis of the schemes of mechanisms for the transition of frame systems to limit states, as well as probability theory, random processes and system reliability.

ResultsBased on the analysis of the paths of transition of statically indefinable frame systems to failure states due to the formation of plastic hinges at the junction points of the posts with crossbars, a block diagram of the system elements connection has been developed, presented as a separate redundancy scheme. The expressions for estimating the probabilities of switching off the conditional elements in the computational model and transitions of the system, both to the backup and to the failure states are presented. Expressions are proposed for assessing the survivability of frame systems with a decrease in static indeterminacy due to the formation of plastic hinges in structures. The calculation example is given.

ConclusionThe proposed model for assessing reliability allows, in contrast to the parametric model, to evaluate the reliability of structures with regard to the redistribution of effort in structures with damage accumulated in racks in the form of plastic hinges, and to identify reliability reserves embedded in statically indeterminable systems under strong seismic effects.
CALCULATION OF STRESSED-DEFORMED STATE OF THREE-LAYER PIPES OF SYMMETRIC AND ASYMMETRIC STRUCTURE
Authors: Abakarov M. S. , Vishtalov R. I. , Muselemov H. M. , Ustarkhanov O. M.
Published: August 2019

Objectives This article discusses the evaluation of the effectiveness of three-layer pipes of a symmetric and asymmetric structure. For this, the stress-strain state of three-layer pipes of different materials under the influence of internal pressure is investigated. Pipeline structures today occupy important positions in the infrastructures of many countries. Trunk structures affect the economy, industry. Every year, new safety requirements are added to the reliability indicators of these structures.

Method The calculation is carried out by numerical methods, namely using the finite element method (FEM), implemented in the LIRA PC.

Result The calculation of the pipes is performed, on the load from the transported medium, applied to the inner contour of the pipe. Moreover, for three-layer pipes of all variants, Nx tensile stresses along the generatrix, Ny ring tensile stresses and Txy shear stresses in the xy plane were determined. Isopoles of tensile and shear stresses are given.

Conclusion The numerical results showed that the use of less deforming material as a material for the manufacture of asymmetric bearing layers leads to a redistribution of stresses in the bearing layers and aggregate, and this must be taken into account when designing three-layer pipes.
CONCRETE COMPOSITES USING GRAND-SANDY MIXTURES OF DEPOSITS OF THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC
Authors: Alaskhanov A. Kh. , Murtazaev S.-A. Yu. , Saidumov M. S. , Khubaev M. S.-M.
Published: August 2019

Objectives Development of optimal recipes of concrete mixtures using local natural raw materials in the form of gravel-sand mixtures from deposits of the Chechen Republic.

Method The research methods adopted in the work are based on the theoretical principles and laws of designing and optimizing polydisperse multicomponent systems, the phase and structure formation of clinker minerals, the logic of mathematical calculations, the technological features of the structure formation of composite masses, the theoretical principles of controlling the rheological processes of mixes. All experimental data presented in the work were obtained according to the methods of current regulatory documents (GOST, recommendations, etc.).

Result The paper presents the results of a study of the composition and properties of sand and gravel mixtures of deposits of the Chechen Republic and concretes based on them. In particular, the granulometric and chemical compositions and the physicomechanical properties of sand and gravel mixtures have been studied. An analysis of the scientific literature and experience in the use of sand and gravel in construction. The leading scientific schools of the country and abroad in the field of concrete science are presented. The rheological indices of concrete mixes were studied and the dynamics of the curing of concrete of different classes were obtained on the basis of unfortified sand and gravel mixtures in the presence of a chemical additive, the superplasticizer Polyplast SP-1.

Conclusion It is proposed to use sand-gravel in its natural form in concrete for non-critical structures in its natural form without additional costs for enriching its composition. The feasibility of obtaining low-grade concrete with the use of sand and gravel mixtures without its enrichment and fractionation is established.