bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Continuous fabrication of polarization maintaining fibers via an annealing improved infinity additive manufacturing technique for THz communications
Authors: Xu Guofu , Skorobogatiy Maksim
Published: March 2023

We report the design and fabrication of a polarization-maintaining fiber for applications in fiber-assisted THz communications. The fiber features a subwavelength square core suspended in the middle of a hexagonal over-cladding tube by four bridges. The fiber is designed to have low transmission losses, high birefringence, high flexibility, and near-zero dispersion at the carrier frequency of 128 GHz. An infinity 3D printing technique is used to continuously fabricate a 5 m-long polypropylene fiber of ∼6.8 mm diameter. The fiber transmission losses are furthermore reduced by as high as ∼4.4 dB/m via post-fabrication annealing. Cutback measurements using 3 m-long annealed fibers show ∼6.5-11 dB/m and ∼6.9-13.5 dB/m losses (by power) over a 110-150 GHz window for the two orthogonally polarized modes. Signal transmission with bit error rates of ∼10−11-10−5 is achieved at 128 GHz for 1-6 Gbps data rates using a 1.6 m-long fiber link. The average polarization crosstalk values of ∼14.5 dB and ∼12.7 dB are demonstrated for the two orthogonal polarizations in fiber lengths of 1.6-2 m, which confirms the polarization-maintaining property of the fiber at ∼1-2 meter lengths. Finally, THz imaging of the fiber near-field is performed and shows strong modal confinement of the two orthogonal modes in the suspended-core region well inside of the hexagonal over-cladding. We believe that this work shows a strong potential of the infinity 3D printing technique augmented with post-fabrication annealing to continuously produce high-performance fibers of complex geometries for demanding THz communications applications.
Intensity noise in difference frequency generation-based tunable femtosecond MIR sources
Authors: Bournet Q. , Natile M. , Jonusas M. , Guichard F. , Zaouter Y. , Joffre M. , Bonvalet A. , Druon F. , Hanna M. , Georges P.
Published: March 2023

We characterize the intensity noise of two mid-infrared (MIR) ultrafast tunable (3.5-11 μm) sources based on difference frequency generation (DFG). While both sources are pumped by a high repetition rate Yb-doped amplifier delivering 200 μJ 300 fs at a central wavelength of 1030 nm, the first is based on intrapulse DFG (intraDFG), and the second on DFG at the output of an optical parametric amplifier (OPA). The noise properties are assessed through measurement of the relative intensity noise (RIN) power spectral density and pulse-to-pulse stability. The noise transfer mechanisms from the pump to the MIR beam is empirically demonstrated. As an example, improving the pump laser noise performance allows reduction of the integrated RIN (IRIN) of one of the MIR source from 2.7% RMS down to 0.4% RMS. The intensity noise is also measured at various stages and in several wavelength ranges in both laser system architectures, allowing us to identify the physical origin of their variation. This study presents numerical values for the pulse to pulse stability, and analyze the frequency content of the RINs of particular importance for the design of low-noise high repetition rate tunable MIR sources and future high performance time-resolved molecular spectroscopy experiments.
Broadband spectral combining of three pulse-shaped fiber amplifiers with 42fs compressed pulse duration
Authors: Chen Siyun , Zhou Tong , Du Qiang , Wang Dan , Gilardi Antonio , Vay Jean-Luc , Li Derun , van Tilborg Jeroen , Schroeder Carl , Esarey Eric , Wilcox Russell , Geddes Cameron
Published: March 2023

We demonstrate ultra-broadband spectral combining of ultrashort pulses from Yb-doped fiber amplifiers, with coherently spectrally synthesized pulse shaping, to achieve tens-of-fs pulses. This method can fully compensate for gain narrowing and high order dispersion over broad bandwidth. We produce 42fs pulses by spectrally synthesizing three chirped-pulse fiber amplifiers and two programmable pulse shapers across an 80nm overall bandwidth. To the best of our knowledge, this is the shortest pulse duration achieved from a spectrally combined fiber system at one-micron wavelength. This work provides a path toward high-energy, tens-of-fs fiber chirped-pulse amplification systems.
Multipixel x ray detection integrated at the end of a narrow multicore fiber
Authors: Chacon Carlos , Suarez Miguel , Karakhanyan Vahe , Desjardin Kewin , Menneglier Claude , Soppera Olivier , Moutarlier Virginie , Grosjean Thierry
Published: March 2023

We introduce and demonstrate the concept of a multipixel detector integrated at the tip of an individual multicore fiber. A pixel consists here of an aluminum-coated polymer microtip incorporating a scintillating powder. Upon irradiation, the luminescence released by the scintillators is efficiently transferred into the fiber cores owing to the specifically elongated metal-coated tips that ensure efficient luminescence matching to the fiber modes. With each pixel being selectively coupled to one of the cores of the multicore optical fiber, the resulting fiber-integrated x ray detection process is totally free from inter-pixel cross talk. Our approach holds promise for fiber-integrated probes and cameras for remote x and gamma ray analysis and imaging in hard-to-reach environments.
Micro-dispenser-based optical packaging scheme for grating couplers
Authors: Uddin S. M. Zia , Gupta Ellen , Rahim Masudur , Wang Zi , Du Yang , Ullah Kaleem , Arnold Craig B. , Mirotznik Mark , Gu Tingyi
Published: March 2023

Due to their sub-millimeter spatial resolution, ink-based additive manufacturing tools are typically considered less attractive than nanophotonics. Among these tools, precision micro-dispensers with sub-nanoliter volumetric control offer the finest spatial resolution: down to 50 µm. Within a sub-second, a flawless, surface-tension-driven spherical shape of the dielectric dot is formed as a self-assembled µlens. When combined with dispersive nanophotonic structures defined on a silicon-on-insulator substrate, we show that the dispensed dielectric µlenses [numerical aperture (NA) = 0.36] engineer the angular field distribution of vertically coupled nanostructures. The µlenses improve the angular tolerance for the input and reduces the angular spread of the output beam in the far field. The micro-dispenser is fast, scalable, and back-end-of-line compatible, allowing geometric-offset-caused efficiency reductions and center wavelength drift to be easily fixed. The design concept is experimentally verified by comparing several exemplary grating couplers with and without a µlens on top. A difference of less than 1 dB between incident angles of 7° and 14° is observed in the index-matched µlens, while the reference grating coupler shows around 5 dB contrast.
Terahertz metasurface for near-field beam conversion
Authors: Stephen Li Mingxiang , Tanyi Ako Rajour , Sriram Sharath , Fumeaux Christophe , Withayachumnankul Withawat
Published: March 2023

A uniform illumination over a screen is crucial for terahertz imaging. As such, conversion from a Gaussian beam to a flattop beam becomes necessary. Most of the current beam conversion techniques rely on bulky multi-lens systems for collimated input and operate in the far-field. We present a single metasurface lens to efficiently convert a quasi-Gaussian beam from the near-field region of a WR-3.4 horn antenna to a flattop beam. The design process is divided into three sections to minimize simulation time, and the conventional Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm is supplemented with the Kirchhoff–Fresnel diffraction equation. Experimental validation confirms that a flattop beam with an efficiency of 80% has been achieved at 275 GHz. Such high-efficiency conversion is desirable for practical terahertz systems and the design approach can be generally used for beam shaping in the near-field.
Three-color pump of laser-induced plasmas: sum and difference frequency generation
Authors: Ganeev R. A.
Published: March 2023

The generation of strong harmonics and sum and difference frequencies using the propagation of three pulses of different wavelengths and polarizations through Ag, Au, Pb, B, and C plasmas is examined. It is demonstrated that the difference frequency mixing is more efficient compared with the sum frequency mixing. At optimal conditions for the laser–plasma interaction, the intensities of the sum and especially the difference components are almost equal to the intensities of neighboring harmonics attributed to the strong 806 nm pump.
Absorption coefficients and scattering losses of TGG, TGP, KTF, FS, and CeF₃ magneto-optic crystals in the visible via cavity ring down spectroscopy
Authors: XYGKIS MICHAIL , Linaraki Artemis , Toutoudaki Eirini , Katsoprinakis Giorgos , Rakitzis T. Peter
Published: March 2023

We demonstrate a method for determining small absorption coefficients and surface scattering losses of crystals using cavity ring down spectroscopy, and perform measurements on crystals of TGG, TGP, FS, KTF, and CeF₃, at 532nm and 634nm. We separate the surface-scattering and absorption losses by using crystals of different length. The measurements differ from those in the literature, especially for small absorption coefficients. We define a figure of merit (FoM) for magneto-optic crystals in signal-reversing cavity-ringdown polarimetry, which depends on the cavity losses, and on the crystal Verdet constant and absorption coefficient, and use it to evaluate the crystals for suitability for intra-cavity applications. We show that TGP has a significantly higher FoM compared to the other crystals, for crystal lengths up to 16 mm, whereas CeF₃ and FS outperform TGP for longer crystals.
Distinct cortico-striatal compartments drive competition between adaptive and automatized behavior
Authors: Barnett William H. , Kuznetsov Alexey , Lapish Christopher C.
Published: March 2023

Cortical and basal ganglia circuits play a crucial role in the formation of goal-directed and habitual behaviors. In this study, we investigate the cortico-striatal circuitry involved in learning and the role of this circuitry in the emergence of inflexible behaviors such as those observed in addiction. Specifically, we develop a computational model of cortico-striatal interactions that performs concurrent goal-directed and habit learning. The model accomplishes this by distinguishing learning processes in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) that rely on reward prediction error signals as distinct from the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) where learning is supported by salience signals. These striatal subregions each operate on unique cortical input: the DMS receives input from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) which represents outcomes, and the DLS receives input from the premotor cortex which determines action selection. Following an initial learning of a two-alternative forced choice task, we subjected the model to reversal learning, reward devaluation, and learning a punished outcome. Behavior driven by stimulus-response associations in the DLS resisted goal-directed learning of new reward feedback rules despite devaluation or punishment, indicating the expression of habit. We repeated these simulations after the impairment of executive control, which was implemented as poor outcome representation in the PFC. The degraded executive control reduced the efficacy of goal-directed learning, and stimulus-response associations in the DLS were even more resistant to the learning of new reward feedback rules. In summary, this model describes how circuits of the dorsal striatum are dynamically engaged to control behavior and how the impairment of executive control by the PFC enhances inflexible behavior.
Impacts of COVID-19 on sexual behaviors, HIV prevention and care among men who have sex with men: A comparison of New York City and Metropolitan Atlanta
Authors: Goodreau Steven M. , Delaney Kevin P. , Zhu Weiming , Smith Dawn K. , Mann Laura M. , Sanchez Travis H. , Hamilton Deven T. , Hoover Karen W.
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted HIV prevention, care, and transmission opportunities. This likely varies by geography, given differences in COVID-19 burden and mandates over time, and by age, given different likelihoods of severe COVID-19 consequences. We consider changes in sexual behavior, HIV testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use and antiretroviral therapy (ART) use among men who have sex with men (MSM) over the first year of the COVID-19 epidemic, comparing the Atlanta metropolitan area and New York City (NYC). We use two continuous time-series datasets and one panel dataset, assessing changes over time within city and comparing across cities, and disaggregate major findings by age. For clinical results, ART use showed by far the smallest reductions, and testing the largest. Disruptions occurred concurrently between cities, despite the major wave of COVID-19, and government mandates, occurring later in Atlanta. Test positivity increased in NYC only. In both cities, younger MSM saw the greatest reductions in testing and PrEP use, but the smallest in sexual behavior. Reduced clinical service usage would be unconcerning if stemming solely from reductions in exposure; however, the patterns for young MSM suggest that the COVID-19 epidemic likely generated new conditions for increased HIV transmission, especially in this cohort.
High-frequency imagery to capture coral tissue (Montipora capricornis) response to environmental stress, a pilot study
Authors: Li Shuaifeng , Roger Liza M. , Kumar Lokender , Lewinski Nastassja A. , Klein-Seetharaman Judith , Putnam Hollie M. , Yang Jinkyu
Published: March 2023

Environment stress is a major threat to the existence of coral reefs and has generated a lot of interest in the coral research community. Under the environmental stress, corals can experience tissue loss and/or the breakdown of symbiosis between the cnidarian host and its symbiotic algae causing the coral tissue to appear white as the skeleton can be seen by transparency. Image analysis is a common method used to assess tissue response under the environmental stress. However, the traditional approach is limited by the dynamic nature of the coral-algae symbiosis. Here, we observed coral tissue response in the scleractinian coral, Montipora capricornis, using high frequency image analysis throughout the experiment, as opposed to the typical start/end point assessment method. Color analysis reveals that the process can be divided into five stages with two critical stages according to coral tissue morphology and color ratio. We further explore changes to the morphology of individual polyps by means of the Pearson correlation coefficient and recurrence plots, where the quasi-periodic and nonstationary dynamics can be identified. The recurrence quantification analysis also allows the comparison between the different polyps. Our research provides a detailed visual and mathematical analysis of coral tissue response to environmental stress, which potentially shows universal applicability. Moreover, our approach provides a robust quantitative advancement for improving our insight into a suite of biotic responses in the perspective of coral health evaluation and fate prediction.
New insights into the role of microheterogeneity of ZP3 during structural maturation of the avian equivalent of mammalian zona pellucida
Authors: Okumura Hiroki , Mizuno Ayaka , Iwamoto Eri , Sakuma Rio , Nishio Shunsuke , Nishijima Ken-ichi , Matsuda Tsukasa , Ujita Minoru
Published: March 2023

The egg coat including mammalian zona pellucida (ZP) and the avian equivalent, i.e., inner-perivitelline layer (IPVL), is a specialized extracellular matrix being composed of the ZP glycoproteins and surrounds both pre-ovulatory oocytes and ovulated egg cells in vertebrates. The egg coat is well known for its potential importance in both the reproduction and early development, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Interestingly, ZP3, one of the ZP-glycoprotein family members forming scaffolds of the egg-coat matrices with other ZP glycoproteins, exhibits extreme but distinctive microheterogeneity to form a large number of isoelectric-point isoforms at least in the chicken IPVL. In the present study, we performed three-dimensional confocal imaging and two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) of chicken IPVLs that were isolated from the ovarian follicles at different growth stages before ovulation. The results suggest that the relative proportions of the ZP3 isoforms are differentially altered during the structural maturation of the egg-coat matrices. Furthermore, tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analyses and ZP1 binding assays against separated ZP3 isoforms demonstrated that each ZP3 isoform contains characteristic modifications, and there are large differences among ZP3 isoforms in the ZP1 binding affinities. These results suggest that the microheterogeneity of chicken ZP3 might be regulated to be associated with the formation of egg-coat matrices during the structural maturation of chicken IPVL. Our findings may provide new insights into molecular mechanisms of egg-coat assembly processes.
PIK3CA mutations and their impact on survival outcomes of patients with endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bredin Hanna K. , Krakstad Camilla , Hoivik Erling A.
Published: March 2023

Several studies have highlighted the frequent alterations of the PI3K pathway in endometrial cancer leading to increased signaling activation with potential for targeted treatment. The objective of this meta-study was to evaluate how PIK3CA exon 9/20 mutations affect survival in endometrial cancer patients, based on available literature. Topic-based search strategies were applied to databases including CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and COSMIC. All studies assessing the impact of mutations in exon 9 and exon 20 of PIK3CA on survival rates of endometrial cancer patients were selected for inclusion. Statistical meta-analysis was performed with the ‘meta’ package in RStudio. Overall, 7 of 612 screened articles were included in the present study, comprising 1098 women with endometrial cancer. Meta-analysis revealed a tendency of impaired survival for patients with PIK3CA exon 9 and/or exon 20 mutations (RR 1.28; 95% CI 0.84, 1.94; p = 0.25). This tendency was consistent in subgroup analyses stratified by histologic type or -grade, with the most prominent effect in low-grade endometrial cancers (RR 2.04; 95% CI 0.90, 4.62; p = 0.09). In summary, these results suggest that PIK3CA mutations negatively influence survival outcomes of patients with endometrial cancer, including those with low-grade tumors.
Predictive factors of distant metastasis in surgically treated HPV-positive tonsil cancer
Authors: Shin Hyun-il , Cho Kwang-Jae , Kim Min-Sik , Joo Young-Hoon
Published: March 2023

Background

Human papilloma virus (HPV)-related tonsil cancer is associated with favorable outcomes.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to define factors affecting distant metastasis in patients with surgically treated HPV-positive tonsil cancer.

Methods

The present study enrolled 76 patients diagnosed with HPV-positive tonsil cancer who underwent primary surgery between January 2010 and December 2021.

Results

Twelve (15.7%) patients experienced a distant failure with a median follow-up time of 43 months. Sites of distant metastasis included the lung (n = 10), liver (n = 1), and brain (n = 1). Upon multivariate analysis, an advanced T stage (odds ratio [OR]: 13.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–149.863, p = 0.003) and margin involvement (OR: 5.96, 95% CI: 1.33–26.76, p = 0.02) were independent predictors of distant metastases. The five-year disease-specific survival for the entire cohort was 85%. The multivariate analysis confirmed that distant metastasis (hazard ratio [HR]: 12.688, 95% CI: 3.424–47.016; p < 0.001) and margin involvement (HR: 6.243; 95% CI: 1.681–23.191; p = 0.006) were significant factors associated with the five-year disease-specific survival.

Conclusion

HPV-positive tonsil cancer patients with an advanced T stage and a positive surgical margin have a substantial risk of distant metastases. Distant metastasis and margin involvement are factors that affect their survival.
Sexu-desberdintasunak Parkinson gaixotasunean
Authors: Zubelzu Maider , Leivar Andrea , Morera-Herreras Teresa , Murueta-Goyena Ane
Published: March 2023

Gero eta ebidentzia gehiagok adierazten du sexu biologikoa faktore garrantzitsua dela Parkinson gaixotasunaren garapenean eta adierazpen fenotipikoan. Jakina da Parkinson gaixotasunaren prebalentzia ia bi aldiz altuagoa dela gizonezkoetan emakumezkoetan baino. Hala ere, emakumezkoek gaixotasunaren progresio azkarragoa izaten dute. Gainera, azken urteotan egindako ikerketek agerian utzi dute Parkinson gaixotasunaren ondorioz agertzen diren sintoma motorrak eta ez-motorrak maiztasun edota larritasun desberdina dutela sexuaren arabera. Halaber, emakumeek eta gizonezkoek tratamendu farmakologikoen eta kirurgikoen aurrean duten erantzuna ere desberdina dela uste da. Sexu-desberdintasun hauen oinarriak zehatz-mehatz ezagutzen ez badira ere, mekanismo fisiopatologikoak desberdinak direla iradoki da. Berrikuspen honetan Parkinsona duten emakumezkoen eta gizonezkoen artean dauden desberdintasunak laburbiltzen dira, besteak beste, ezaugarri klinikoetan, arrisku-faktoreetan, gaixotasunaren fisiopatologian eta tratamenduen erantzunean. Patologiak sexu bakoitzari nola eragiten dion argitzeak pazienteen arreta hobetzea ahalbidetu dezake gizonen eta emakumeen maneiu terapeutikoa neurrira diseinatuz eta bakoitzaren beharrei erantzuteko programa berritzaileak garatuz.
Isolamendu soziala, estres kronikoa eta depresioa
Authors: Azkona Mendoza Garikoitz
Published: March 2023

Ingurumen-estimulu batek aldaketak eragin ditzake garuneko neurokimikan eta nahasmendu neuropsikiatrikoak eragin. Hori horrela, isolamendu sozialak eragindako bakardade-sentimenduek eragina izan dezakete estres kronikoan. Estres kronikoak aldaketa neuroendokrinoak eta immunologikoak eragiten ditu, eta aldaketa horiek serotonina maila gutxitzea eragin lezakete garunean eta, ondorioz, depresioa eragin. Artikulu honetan, gizarte-isolamenduak eragindako depresioaren neurobiologian egin diren aurrerapenak deskribatzen dira.
Las niñas del Inglewood: tráfico infantil y femenino en China y el “comercio de culíes” a Cuba (1855)
Authors: Ginés-Blasi Mònica
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo se centra en el tráfico de cuarenta y cuatro niñas chinas en el buque inglés Inglewood, organizado por intermediarios portugueses, británicos y chinos en Ningbo, y descubierto por autoridades británicas en Xiamen en 1855. Su destino final era Cuba y, de no ser posible realizar el viaje, serían remitidas a Manila. Filipinas era también la tapadera si su transporte despertaba las sospechas de las autoridades. El envío coincidía con la aprobación de un Real Decreto español que obligaba a embarcar una quinta parte de mujeres en los barcos de inmigrantes chinos a Cuba. Dadas las dificultades de contratar mujeres, agentes de inmigración aprovecharon redes preexistentes de tráfico infantil en Ningbo para cubrir esta demanda. A partir de fuentes Británicas, Portuguesas y Españolas, este artículo argumenta que el Decreto español estimuló el tráfico infantil femenino en China, llegando a influir en políticas legislativas británicas sobre inmigración china.
Derecha Democrática Española (DDE): el eslabón perdido en la transición de la derecha posfranquista
Authors: Magaldi Fernandez Adrian
Published: March 2023

Derecha Democrática Española (DDE) se trata de una de las formaciones conservadoras más singulares de la Transición. Promovida en 1978 por Federico Silva y Gonzalo Fernández de la Mora como escisión de los sectores de Alianza Popular contrarios a la Constitución, DDE trató de posicionarse como la nueva formación de una derecha nacional, pretendidamente democrática, pero anclada a una identidad y principios más propios del régimen previo al nuevo marco de libertades y derechos. Sus propósitos de unificar a todo el espectro conservador –desde Manuel Fraga a Blas Piñar– marcaron la tortuosa evolución de un grupo que alcanzó su máximo eco ante la crisis de la derecha aliancista y la inestabilidad política de la primera legislatura. El propósito de este artículo es analizar la evolución, objetivos y principios de este grupo político, así como su significado histórico en el proceso de transición de la derecha posfranquista.
El suicidio: criterios jurisprudenciales para su calificación como accidente de trabajo
Authors: López Fernández Rubén
Published: March 2023

Cuándo un suicidio merece la calificación de accidente de trabajo es una cuestión compleja en la que no ha querido meterse, al menos de manera directa, el legislador. La pregunta gana relieve con el auge de las dolencias psicosociales en el mundo laboral y en un contexto de crisis económica. Es por ello que se debe acudir al estudio de la doctrina judicial, si se quieren extraer los requisitos que permiten construir una relación de causalidad entre el trabajo desempeñado y el acto de quitarse la vida. Con este propósito, el presente artículo realiza una exposición de la evolución jurisprudencial desde la década de los 70 del pasado siglo hasta el momento presente, para determinar cuáles son esos requisitos, si el trastorno psicosocial padecido tiene que estar exclusivamente provocado por el trabajo o basta con que sea este la causa preponderante, y si es de aplicación la presunción del art. 156.3 LGSS. Finalmente, se exponen algunas conclusiones y se realizan propuestas legislativas.
El 'sesgo inclusivo' del enfoque capacitista en la educación inclusiva
Authors: García-Barrera Alba
Published: March 2023

La inclusión educativa es una cuestión que preocupa cada vez más en diferentes ámbitos y niveles. Sin embargo, por muchos avances que se hayan pretendido realizar para lograr una inclusión educativa plena del alumnado, esta siempre seguirá comportando el mismo problema: el hecho de que unos incluyen y otros son incluidos. Por ello, este artículo reflexionará sobre algunas de las grandes problemáticas que presenta el paradigma de la educación inclusiva. Entre ellas, presentará, en primer lugar, lo que se ha venido a denominar como «sesgo inclusivo», referido al enfoque capacitista que prevalece en el trasfondo del paradigma inclusivo, que continúa erigiéndose sobre las capacidades del alumnado y lo etiqueta en función de ellas, condicionando y lastrando su inclusión. En segundo lugar examinará la ruptura que se produce entre la teoría y la práctica de la educación inclusiva, dificultando su adecuada implementación y promoviendo en su lugar acciones de carácter segregador. Y, en tercer lugar, abordará el lenguaje capacitista que predomina en este modelo para aludir a las diferencias humanas, fomentando las creencias, actitudes y estereotipos negativos que se mantienen acerca de la diversidad. Por último, y a fin de evolucionar hacia un modelo educativo holístico que permita superar las problemáticas que presenta el modelo inclusivo, se propone avanzar hacia la normalización plena de la diversidad y se reclama una verdadera escuela para todos, sin excepciones, que: ofrezca una educación justa, equitativa y de calidad para todos y cada uno de los alumnos, tome como base una pedagogía crítica, funcione como una comunidad de aprendizaje y ofrezca un diseño universal de aprendizaje que facilite la respuesta a las necesidades educativas personales de cada estudiante para desarrollar al máximo su potencial individual.
Evaluation of stress loading for logging truck drivers by monitoring changes in muscle tension during a work shift
Authors: Škvor Pavel , Jankovský Martin , Natov Pavel , Dvořák Jiří
Published: March 2023

Our research aimed to quantify and evaluate the stress loading of drivers by monitoring the loading of the radial extensor muscle at the wrist joint (musculus extensor carpi radialis) when they drove different types of timber trucks. We monitored changes in the electric potential of skeletal muscles with electromyographic measurements and measurements of changes of heart rate using the Biofeedback 2000 x-pert device. The drivers were observed throughout their work shifts during normal operation of logging trucks and logging trucks with trailers. As a reference, muscle load was measured when driving a passenger car. We evaluated the normality of the measured data and obtained descriptive statistics from the individual measurements. The differences in stress load associated with driving the different types of vehicles increased whilst driving on lower-class roads. Results showed a high stress load for drivers of loaded vehicles when driving on narrow roads. It was more challenging to control a loaded logging truck with a trailer than driving a logging truck, with the difference in muscular loading reaching 22.5%. Driving a logging truck with a trailer produced 46.5% more muscle loading compared to driving a loaded passenger car. For preventive health and safety reasons, it would be reasonable to alternate between drivers when operating various vehicles, thus minimizing the development of possible health issues.
Balancing the Needs of the School Community: Implementing Trauma-Informed Behaviour Supports in an Australian Regional Primary School
Authors:   Edith Cowan University, Ayre Kay , Krishnamoorthy Govind ,   University of Southern Queensland, Rees Bronwyn ,   Young Minds Psychology, Ipswich, QLD, Australia, Berger Emily ,   Monash University
Published: March 2023

Exposure to adverse and traumatic events in childhood has been found to lead to poorer academic and social-emotional outcomes in school settings. The psychological impact of exposure to such events, referred to as childhood trauma, has been identified as a key driver of these educational difficulties. First Nations students have been found to experience higher rates of childhood trauma compared to non-First Nations students, with historical and intergenerational adversity contributing to such difficulties. There are national guidelines in Australia for the use of trauma-informed care practices in schools to reduce the impact of childhood trauma on educational engagement. This pilot case study examines teachers' experiences in a regional school implementing trauma-informed practices with First Nations students. Findings highlight the complexities of balancing students' safety and belonging with teachers' professional and personal needs in sustaining trauma-informed practice. Implications for implementing trauma-informed education with First Nations communities are discussed.
Books That Tell My Story: Transforming the Attitudes of Australian Preservice Teachers Towards Children’s Diverse and Multicultural Literature
Authors:   Queensland University of Technology, Simoncini Kym M. , Smith Hilary ,   Australian National University, Cain-Gray Lara ,   Library For All, Sebalj Darlene ,   University of Canberra
Published: March 2023

Children’s literature is ubiquitous in Australian classrooms with picture books playing a particularly important role in early childhood classrooms. Teachers use children’s literature to teach early literacy concepts including vocabulary and to help children learn about the world and their identity. Historically, the majority of children’s literature has featured White characters and perspectives, excluding many children from seeing themselves and their lives reflected in books. The aim of this study was to explore how an assessment task that asked preservice teachers (PSTs) to select an underrepresented aspect of children’s literature, locate books on that topic, and reflect upon their own reading experiences as a child, could change their attitudes towards future classroom practice. Reflections from 40 PSTs revealed that many PSTs had not previously considered the experiences of children whose lives were not mirrored in books, the need for authentic texts written by people who identified as members of diverse groups, or the importance of diversity in children’s literature. Recommendations for teacher education programs in increasingly multicultural Australia are discussed.
Leveraging Machine Learning for Prediction and Optimizing Renewable Energy Systems
Authors: Hajimirza amin nima , Firoozi Fard Armita
Published: March 2023

Renewable energy systems play a critical role in the transition to a more sustainable future. However, these systems are often characterized by significant fluctuations in energy output due to changes in weather and other environmental factors. In recent years, machine learning algorithms have emerged as a powerful tool for predicting and optimizing renewable energy systems. This paper provides an overview of the latest research in this area, including techniques for predicting solar radiation and wind power output, as well as algorithms for optimizing energy storage and grid stability. The paper also explores the potential of machine learning to revolutionize the way we generate, distribute, and consume energy, paving the way for a cleaner, more sustainable future. By leveraging the power of artificial intelligence, we can unlock the full potential of renewable energy systems and create a more resilient, secure, and efficient energy infrastructure.
Associated Lie Algebras of one-variable and Bivariate Hermite polynomials and New Generating Functions
Authors: Amiri Manouchehr
Published: March 2023

This paper presents the symmetries of differential equations associated with one-variable and Bivariate Hermite polynomials by proposing a representation of Lie algebra
sl

2,R for these differential operators. Applying the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula to these algebras, results in new relations and generating functions in one-variable and Bivariate Hermite polynomials. A general form of
sl

2,R representation for other orthogonal polynomials such as Laguerre polynomials is introduced.
Economic Anaysis Of The Impact Of Environmental Pollution On Staple Food Security In Kadanu State
Authors: Zaphaniah Naomi Gywasmen , Godwin Micah
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Environmental pollution and food contamination is a major problem facing developing countries like Nigeria and has been projected to become a more severe constraint into the future. The study identified the major type of staple food item found in Kaduna State and the aspect of environmental pollution that affect the item the most.

Results obtained from the field survey were analyzed, using distributive statistics of frequencies, cross tabulation and percentages through the help of the computer software called Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Chi-square test of independence at 0.05 level of significance was used to test hypothesis of the research based on the goodness of feet obtained.

Findings revealed that cereal is the major staple food item in Kaduna Metropolis, while the aspect of environmental pollution that affecting the food type is soil/land pollution. Although cereal grains are nutritious, they do not provide the full, healthy range of nutrients. Therefore, the study recommend that citizens should be enlightened on the need to add other foods to their diets in order to avoid malnutrition. Again, the State Government are advices to formulate and effectively implement policies and programs capable of addressing the root causes of environmental pollution on staple foods in Kaduna Metropolis.
ASSESSMENT OF WIND ENERGY RESOURCE AND POWER PRODUCTION ESTIMATES: A CASE STUDY OF CALABAR, SOUTH EASTERN NIGERIA
Authors: mzough oranderen Matthew , King Ededem Ewa-henshaw
Published: March 2023

The wind energy resource of Calabar was assessed and estimates of power made using five years (2005 – 2009) wind speed data. The data collected at a hub height of 2.1 m by the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Magaret Ekpo International airport, Calabar was collated and treated properly. Weibull analysis using both the graphical and the empirical techniques was carried out on this data. The Wind statistics as well as Power estimates were also determined using various statistical techniques. The results show that the overall annual mean wind speed for the entire period was 3.36 m/s at 100 m and 3.12 m/s at 60 m. Peak wind speeds occur in March (average 4 m/s at 100 m) and reach a minimum value in November (average 2.74 m/s at 100 m) when the rainy season transits to the dry season. The monthly and annual mean available wind power density was determined as 25.44 W/m2 and 23.01 W/m2 at 100 m and 20.52 W/m2 and 18.49 W/m2at 60 m. For the Weibull parameters: the scale factor c yielded a yearly mean value of 3.25 m/s for the graphical technique and 3.53 m/s for the empirical technique. The annual mean shape factor k, was determined as 2.99 for the graphical technique and 10 for the empirical technique. The turbulence Intensity for the wind speed regime of Calabar was computed as 0.12 (12%). These results show that Calabar experiences low, steady wind speeds with a low wind power potential, hence unsuitable for large-scale (commercial) wind development.
The New Alternative Periodic Table of Atoms by Peter Alstatt.
Authors: Alstatt Peter
Published: March 2023

The New Alternative Periodic Table of the Atoms is a novel arrangement of the elements based on the number of outer electrons and the number of shells. It is a grid with the X-axis equal to the number of outer electrons and the Y-axis equal to the number of shells an atom has. Each atom / cluster of atoms is on a square based on the number of outer electrons and the number of shells. This is the result of two years of research and analysis of the atoms, elements, molecules, chemical reactions and was first presented at the 2023 CPA Science & Engineering Fair and 2023 OCSEF. This New Alternative Periodic Table of the Atoms may give scientists insights for their future research, for example, to predict new elements and better understand the chemical bonds.

Moreover, a periodic table based on the number of outer electrons and the number of electron shells could provide a more intuitive way of understanding the chemical properties of elements. By arranging the elements according to these two parameters, we can group together elements with similar chemical properties in a way that is easy to visualize and understand. One potential benefit of this type of periodic table is that it could make it easier for scientists to predict the chemical properties of elements that have not yet been discovered or synthesized. By looking at the position of an unknown element in the table, researchers could make educated guesses about the element's reactivity, electronegativity, and other important properties.

Overall, a periodic table based on the number of outer electrons and the number of shells has the potential to be a valuable tool for chemists and students alike, providing new insights into the behavior of elements and facilitating the discovery of new elements with novel properties.
Plant Stress Memory: Struggle of Getting Better Each Time
Authors: Sinha Aishik
Published: March 2023

Plants must be able to react to and adjust to recurring biotic and abiotic stresses because they cannot escape them. Changes in gene expression regulate these plant responses at the molecular level, and many genes are involved in such stress responses, which can be presumed to be acquired immune responses due to the lack of specialized immunogenic cells. Now, flexible DNA packaging with a histone core enables the nucleosome core to travel freely along the string and allow transcriptional machinery to express. Epigenetic alteration of histone proteins can significantly change this transcriptional apparatus. As "transgenerational memory," these epigenetic markers can also be passed down to the next generation. These stress-induced changes are now being transferred to non-affected plants which can be short term or long term memory and crucial for eco-evolutionary success.
Hybrid Recommendation System for Tourism using Deep Learning
Authors: BADOUCH MOHAMED , BOUTAOUNTE MEHDI
Published: March 2023

Recommendation systems have become increasingly important in the tourism industry as they assist travelers in making informed decisions about their trips. Traditional recommendation systems use either collaborative filtering or content-based approaches to provide recommendations, which have certain limitations in terms of accuracy and personalization. In this poster, we present a hybrid recommendation system that combines both approaches using deep learning algorithms. Our system uses convolutional neural networks (CNN) to analyze and classify images of tourist destinations, and recurrent neural networks (RNN) to analyze user-generated content such as reviews and ratings. The system then combines the results of both approaches using a hybrid model that considers both item and user similarities. The model is designed to learn from user feedback and adapt to new trends and changes in the tourism industry. We evaluate our system using real-world data and compare it to traditional recommendation systems. Our results demonstrate that the proposed system provides more accurate and personalized recommendations compared to traditional approaches. We show that our system improves user satisfaction and engagement in the tourism industry. Overall, our hybrid recommendation system provides an innovative approach to solving the limitations of traditional approaches in the tourism industry. The system has the potential to improve user experience and engagement, leading to increased revenue for tourism businesses.
The Aging Crystalline Lens: A Review of Cataracts
Authors: Islam Md. Shahariar , Hosseinjanzadeh Siavash , Mohan Hashmitha
Published: March 2023

A major issue among patients is having trouble reading and seeing street signs. Most occurrences of hazy vision in younger people require prescription glasses to correct them. However, in elderly people, age-related changes within the eye may be the culprit. Opacities in the crystalline lens known as cataracts reduce eyesight by scattering light. Nuclear sclerosis, cortical degeneration, and posterior subcapsular cataract are the three main kinds of age-related cataracts. A cataract can be treated by changing the prescription for your glasses, donning glare-reducing sunglasses, and ultimately having cataract surgery to remove the clouded crystalline lens. The structure of the human lens, cataract symptoms, cataract treatment, and the function of the primary care physician are all covered in this article.
Reducing elderly home health care cost by developing a cloud based digital platform
Authors: Baijal Shobhit
Published: March 2023

The population among elderly people is increasing day by day in the United States and also around the world. There are many devices, products and services which are available for elderly people to get care. But, none of them offer affordable services, especially in the USA where the average cost is enormously high. This has resulted in more elderly people working till their last breath in order to survive as they don't have enough savings to get care. This paper provides an overview of possible solutions where the cost of elderly care can be reduced using a cloud based digital application that can provide a marketplace of caregivers (Nurses, Veterans, Law Enforcements Officers, College Students) to serve the elderly people. Another solution which this paper will talk about is a wearable sensor device where it can track the real time data and through machine learning algorithm it can learn to predict/monitor the elderly’s health condition and send SOS.
How Blockchain Network Factors and

Market Forces Determine Bitcoin Returns
Authors: Gbadebo Adedeji Daniel
Published: March 2023

The creation of distributed ledger technology resulted in the use of secured peer-to-peer interactions that pave way for the invention of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. Since its invention, the price of Bitcoin has exhibited excessive volatility and has attracted increasing attentions. This paper considers the isolated influence of network activities (confirmed payments and users’ adoptions), mining information (network difficulty, Hashrate and transaction fees) and market factors (such as, bitcoin supply and trade volume) as key drivers of Bitcoin price. Using the vector autoregressive model (VECM), the results identified the existence of both long-term equilibrium and short-term dynamic relationship amongst the endogenous system’s variables. The cointegration relation has reversed adjustment effects on the bitcoin return. Accordingly, any deviation from the equilibrium dynamics due to perturbations of network events, market forces and mining data would be minimised. This explains why the Bitcoin price, and by implication its return, continues to experience different massive run-up, spiky protrusions, resistance, reversals, strong supports and consolidations. Based on the finding, the study recommends increased regulatory efforts to curb the excessive fluctuations in Bitcoin price in order to prevent significant loss which could discourage digital investors in the cryptocurrency markets.
A theorem on separated transformations of basis vectors of polynomial space and its applications in special polynomials and related

sl(2,R) Lie algebra
Authors: Amiri Manouchehr
Published: March 2023

The present paper introduces a method of basis transformation of a vector space that is specifically applicable to polynomials space and differential equations with certain polynomials solutions such as Hermite, Laguerre and Legendre polynomials. The method based on separated transformations of vector space basis by a set of operators that are equivalent to the formal basis transformation and connected to it by linear combination with projection operators. Applying the Forbenius covariants yields a general method that incorporates the Rodrigues formula as a special case in polynomial space. Using the Lie algebra modules, specifically
sl(2,R) , on polynomial space results in isomorphic algebras whose Cartan sub-algebras are Hermite, Laguerre and Legendre differential operators. Commutation relations of these algebras and Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula gives new formulas for special polynomials.
The Pattern of Clinical Waste Generation Rate in the State of Selangor from 2006 to 2021
Authors: Thurairasu Vanitha
Published: March 2023

Clinical waste, also known as scheduled waste, is defined as any waste that contains human tissues, blood or other bodily fluids, excretions, medication or pharmaceutical products and others. In recent decades, clinical waste generated by healthcare facilities in Malaysia has grown dramatically, especially with the exacerbation of its production during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Objective: This study aims to determine the pattern of clinical waste generation rate in the state of Selangor from 2006 to 2021. It also aims to serve as a brief to increase awareness and diligence in managing healthcare waste. Unsustainable production and consumption patterns are detrimental to the environment and may significantly affect long-term human health as well as economic stability, further entailing expensive clean-up and mitigation efforts. Hence, it is essential to ensure that legalframework and national policy towards clinical waste management measures are conducted in an environmentally friendly manner.