bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parametric Versus Semi and Nonparametric Regression Models
Authors: Mahmoud Hamdy F. F.
Published: February 2021

There are three common types of regression models: parametric, semiparametric and nonparametric regression. The model should be used to fit the real data depends on how much information is available about the form of the relationship between the response variable and explanatory variables, and the random error distribution that is assumed. Researchers need to be familiar with each modeling approach requirements. In this paper, differences between these models, common estimation methods, robust estimation, and applications are introduced. For parametric models, there are many known methods of estimation, such as least squares and maximum likelihood methods which are extensively studied but they require strong assumptions. On the other hand, nonparametric regression models are free of assumptions regarding the form of the response-explanatory variables relationships but estimation methods, such as kernel and spline smoothing are computationally expensive and smoothing parameters need to be obtained. For kernel smoothing there two common estimators: local constant and local linear smoothing methods. In terms of bias, especially at the boundaries of the data range, local linear is better than local constant estimator.  Robust estimation methods for linear models are well studied, however the robust estimation methods in nonparametric regression methods are limited. A robust estimation method for the semiparametric and nonparametric regression models is introduced.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 14, No. 1
Authors: Tai William
Published: February 2021

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2021.
Relationship between Tire Ground Characteristics and Vibration Noise
Authors: Zhou Haichao , Li Huiyun , Liang Chen , Zhang Lingxin , Wang Guolin
Published: February 2021

To study the relationship between tire ground characteristic parameters and vibration noise, a radial truck tire (295/80R22.5) is selected as the research object, and a finite element model is established. The test results of the tire stiffness, vibration modal, and surface velocity response are used to verify the model. In order to find the influence of the inherent vibration characteristics of a tire on radiated noise, the contour design and belt design are selected as design schemes, and a modal analysis and vibration noise numerical simulation analysis are carried out for different tire structures. The footprints of the tire-ground are refined and divided. All the grounding parameters of each subarea are extracted, and the relationships between the geometric and mechanical parameters of the tire ground characteristics and vibration noise are investigated. Then, the effects of the skewness and stiffness of tread deformation, as well as the spectral density of tire–road excitation force power on vibration noise, are analysed. The results showed that a positive correlation exists between the vibration noise and the skewness of the tread radial deformation; however, a negative correlation is observed between the vibration noise and radial deformation stiffness. The peak values and numbers of the tire excitation force power spectral density using the minimum noise structure design are significantly smaller than those of the original tire. This study can serve as a theoretical guideline for the structural design of low-noise tires.
Demonstration of Interference Patterns by the Random Walk of Particles
Authors: Grabec Igor , Sok Nikolaj
Published: February 2021

Visualization of interference phenomena by Chladni patterns is treated. The formation of the pattern in the Young's double-slit experiment is described by a new model of driven random walk exhibited by particles bouncing on a vibrating surface. In the model the mean length of horizontal displacement is described deterministically by the wave amplitude. The presented example indicates that such formation of interference patterns can take place without any pilot-waves associated to particles. In spite od this, the pheomenon remeinds to formation of interference patterns observed at scattering of particles in quantum mechanics.
Media Flow Analysis of Single-Channel Pre-Mixed Liquid CO2 and MQL in Sustainable Machining
Authors: Grguraš Damir , Sterle Luka , Malneršič Aleš , Kastelic Luka , Courbon Cedric , Pušavec Franci
Published: February 2021

Single-channel supply of pre-mixed liquid carbon dioxide (LCO2) and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) represents a state-of-the-art LCO2 assisted machining. However, to fully understand and optimize cooling and lubrication provided by the LCO2 + MQL, a fundamental media flow analysis is essential, yet not researched enough. Therefore, in this paper, media flow velocity and oil droplet size were analysed in supplying line and at the nozzle outlet using high-speed camera and proprietary single-channel system. Results indicate that pre-mixed media flow velocity is mainly influenced by the LCO2 expansion rate upon the nozzle outlet, wherein oil droplet size is largely dependent on the solubility between oil and LCO2. Media flow velocity increases significantly from an average of 40 m/s in the supplying line to the excess of 90 m/s at the nozzle outlet due to the pressure drop and LCO2 expansion. Furthermore, this volume expansion causes the oil droplet to increase to the point of critical, unstable droplet size. Afterward, the unstable oil droplet breaks up into smaller oil droplets. It was found, that nonpolar oil, with greater solubility in LCO2, compared to the polar oil, provides droplets as small as 2 μm in diameter. Smaller oil droplets positively reflect on tool wear and tool life in LCO2 assisted machining, as the longest tool life was achieved by using the nonpolar oil for pre-mixed LCO2 + MQL.
The Right to Claim Innocence in Poland
Authors: Jasiński Wojciech , Kremens Karolina
Published: February 2021

The Right to Claim Innocence in Poland

Wrongful convictions and miscarriages of justice, their reasons and effects, only rarely become the subject of academic debate in Poland. This article aims at filling this gap and providing a discussion on the current challenges of mechanisms available in Polish law focused on the verification of final judgments based on innocence claims. While there are two procedures designed to move such judgment: cassation and the reopening of criminal proceedings, only the latter aims at the verification of new facts and evidence, and this work remains focused exactly on that issue. The article begins with a case study of the famous Komenda case, which resulted in a successful innocence claim, serving as a good, though rare, example of reopening a case and acquitting the convict immediately and allows for discussing the reasons that commonly stand behind wrongful convictions in Poland. Furthermore, the article examines the innocence claim grounds as regulated in the Polish criminal procedure and their interpretation under the current case law. It also presents the procedure concerning the revision of the case. The work additionally provides the analysis of the use of innocence claim in practice, feeding on the statistical data and explaining tendencies in application for revision of a case. It also presents the efforts of the Polish Ombudsman and NGOs to raise public awareness in that field. The final conclusions address the main challenges that the Polish system faces concerning innocence claims and indicates the direction in which the system should go.
De aanpak van kunstcriminaliteit in Europa
Authors: Hufnagel Saskia
Published: February 2021

The policing of art crime: European perspectives

This article provides a short overview of art crime policing and gives some insights as to why art crime policing is an especially arduous task while specifically providing examples from the European Union (EU) and the United Kingdom (UK). The article focuses first on the detection of art crime, exploring why many crimes do not enter the criminal justice system. Here, the fact that art crimes are often not detected at all or, if they are, not reported to the police is discussed in some depth in particular with a view to art theft and forgeries. The article then addresses the investigation and prosecution of art crime cases in the EU and how they are facilitated and inhibited in various member states. Finally, the challenges and possible improvements at the European level are discussed and future directions of the fight against art crime are debated.
Search-based Test Data Generation for Mutation Testing: a tool for Python programs
Authors: Ferreira Matheus , Costa Lincoln , Souza Francisco Carlos
Published: February 2021

Test data generation for mutation testing consists of identifying a set of inputs that maximizes the number of mutants killed. Mutation Testing is an excellent test criterion for detecting faults and measuring the effectiveness of test data sets. However, it is not widely used in practice due to the cost and complexity to perform some activities as generating test data. Although test suites can be produced and selected manually by a tester this practice is susceptible to errors and tools are needed to facilitate it. Several tools have been developed to automate mutation testing, but, only a few address the test data generation. The present paper proposes an automated test data generation tool based on weak mutation for Python programming language using the Hill Climbing algorithm. For evaluation, we performed an experiment concerning the effectiveness and cost computational of the tool in a database composed of 348 mutants and we compare it with random generation. Overall, the experiment achieved an average mutation score of 86% for our proposed tool and random testing 64% on average.
Sensitivity of the Coefficients of the Closure Model of the Interfacial Transfer in Bubble Columns
Authors: AYED Hamdi , MOULDI Abir , KHEDHER Khaled
Published: February 2021

This article presents a numerical simulation of hydrodynamics in a bubble column. Numerical simulations have been carried out using the Eulerian model which provides specific modeling adapted to gas-liquid flows and allows a reasonable representation of the two-phase flow structure (fields of mean velocities and volumetric fractions of the two phases) as well as the important modulation of turbulence in the two-phase flow. In these simulations, we tested the sensitivity of the coefficients of the closure model of the interfacial transfer (drag, lift and added mass) on the prediction of the fields of average velocities and volumetric fractions of the two phases. The results are compared with the experimental data available in the literature using an average bubble diameter approach.
Power Plays
Authors: Armstrong Gary , Rosbrook-Thompson James , Lindsay Iain
Published: February 2021

Sources of power in political processes are often reduced to the dualism of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’. Sport, in both its practise and delivery might also evidence such characteristics as it is used to achieve political outcomes. The soft route is usually administered more ‘artfully’ in its attempt to shape performance and processes. The hard route relies more on threats and coercion albeit such processes may be subtle. In what follows a variety of sporting contexts, sporting events and sporting celebrities are considered in the possibilities that sport offers for dialogue across ideologies.
Seismic Geomorphology, Architecture and Stratigraphy of Volcanoes Buried in Sedimentary Basins
Authors: Bischoff Alan , Planke Sverre , Holford Simon , Nicol Andrew
Published: February 2021

Our ability to investigate both the intrusive and extrusive parts of individual volcanoes has evolved with the increasing quality of seismic reflection datasets. Today, new seismic data and methods of seismic interpretation offer a unique opportunity to observe the entire architecture and stratigraphy of volcanic systems, with resolution down to tens of meters. This chapter summarises the methods used to extract the geomorphic aspects and spatio-temporal organisation of volcanic systems buried in sedimentary basins, with emphasis on the utility of 3D seismic reflection volumes. Based on descriptions and interpretations from key localities worldwide, we propose classification of buried volcanoes into three main geomorphic categories: (1) clusters of small-volume (<1 km3) craters and cones, (2) large (>5 km3) composite, shield and caldera volcanoes, and (3) voluminous lava fields (>10,000 km3). Our classification primarily describes the morphology, size and distribution of eruptive centres of buried volcanoes, and is independent of parameters such as the magma composition, tectonic setting, or eruption environment. The close correlation between the morphology of buried and modern volcanoes provides the basis for constructing realistic models for the facies distribution of igneous systems buried in sedimentary strata, establishing the principles for a new discipline of seismic-reflection volcanology.
Assessing the Effects of Engine Load on Compression Ignition Engines Using Biodiesel Blends
Authors: Maroa Semakula , Inambao Freddie
Published: February 2021

This study evaluated the performance of a diesel engine operated with waste plastic biodiesel fuel (WPPO) blends. Findings were that at all engine loads (from idling to full load) the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were low compared to conventional diesel (PD), although the emissions of NOX were higher. The brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) for the blends dropped while the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased with load for all blends until intermediate load when it decreased. WPPO blends had a higher viscosity compared to PD. CO emissions for blend 95/WPPO5 at all engine speed idling modes were 285 ppm, 298 ppm, 320ppm, and 388 ppm while PD emissions were 270 ppm, 295 ppm, 315 ppm and 365 ppm respectively. The values for UHC for blend 95/WPPO5 at all modes were 35 ppm, 28 ppm, 22 ppm, and 18 ppm compared to PD fuel with 20ppm, 25 ppm, 30 ppm, and 40ppm respectively. The NOX emissions for PD fuel at all modes were 175 ppm, 225 ppm, 300 ppm and 375 ppm compared to blend 95/WPPO5 at 195 ppm, 245 ppm, 335 ppm, and 397 ppm. The BSFC values for blend 95/WPPO5 at all modes were 0.48 kg/kW.h, 0.41 kg/kW.h, 0.35 kg/kW.h and 0.4 kg/kW.h compared to PD at 0.45 kg/kW.h, 0.39 kg/kW.h, 0.33 kg/kW.h and 035 kg/kW.h respectively.
Neuropathology in Hypertensive Glaucoma
Authors: Lestak Jan , Fůs Martin
Published: February 2021

Hypertensive glaucoma is still defined as a disease where, at high intraocular pressure, retinal ganglion cell axons are impaired with excavation at the optic disc and changes in the visual field. In single cases, the study highlights the importance of knowledge of neuropathology not only at the level of the retina but the entire visual pathway, including the visual centres in the brain. It uses the issue of neurotransmission in the visual analyser and its pathology, but mainly the results of electrophysiological examinations and functional imaging of the brain using Positron Emission Tomography and Functional Magnetic Resonance. It does not overlook the imaging methods of the eye (nerve fibre layer, vessel density). On the basis of this information, therapy is recommended as well.
Wireless Power Charging in Electrical Vehicles
Authors: Iqteit Nassim , Yahya Khalid , Ahmad Khan Sajjad
Published: February 2021

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology can transfer electrical energy from a transmitter to a receiver wirelessly. Due to its many advantages, WPT technology is a more adequate and suitable solution for many industrial applications compared to the power transfer by wires. Using WPT technology will reduce the annoyance of wires, improve the power transfer mechanisms. Recently, the WPT gain enormous attention to charging the on-board batteries of the Electric Vehicle (EV). Several well-known car manufacturing companies start efforts to adopt WPT technology and enhance its features. Therefore, WPT can be achieved through the affordable inductive coupling between two coils named a transmitter and a receiver coil. In EV charging applications, transmitter coils are located underneath the road, and receiver coils are installed in the EV. The inductive WPT of resonant type is generally applied to medium-high power transfer applications like EV charging because it achieves better energy efficiency. In this chapter, various WPT technologies are discussed and tested in EV wireless charging applications. Furthermore, extensive information is given to developing an advanced WPT technology that can transfer maximum power by achieving maximum efficiency.
Deep Learning for Subtyping and Prediction of Diseases: Long-Short Term Memory
Authors: Okut Hayrettin
Published: February 2021

The long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) is a type of recurrent neural network (RNN). During the training of RNN architecture, sequential information is used and travels through the neural network from input vector to the output neurons, while the error is calculated and propagated back through the network to update the network parameters. Information in these networks incorporates loops into the hidden layer. Loops allow information to flow multi-directionally so that the hidden state signifies past information held at a given time step. Consequently, the output is dependent on the previous predictions which are already known. However, RNNs have limited capacity to bridge more than a certain number of steps. Mainly this is due to the vanishing of gradients which causes the predictions to capture the short-term dependencies as information from earlier steps decays. As more layers in RNN containing activation functions are added, the gradient of the loss function approaches zero. The LSTM neural networks (LSTM-ANNs) enable learning long-term dependencies. LSTM introduces a memory unit and gate mechanism to enable capture of the long dependencies in a sequence. Therefore, LSTM networks can selectively remember or forget information and are capable of learn thousands timesteps by structures called cell states and three gates.
COVID-19 and Other Viral Pneumonias
Authors: GÖRMELİ KURT Nazlı
Published: February 2021

Objectıve: Distinguishing COVID-19 pneumonia, which shares common symptoms with other respiratory viruses, from other pneumonia types will be of utmost importance for maintaining the sustainability of health services, preventing long waiting times of patients at emergency services, and isolating. We compared patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and those with NONCOVID-19 pneumonia with a view to distinguishing COVID-19 pneumonia from other pneumonias.

Methods: Our study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who were admitted to the emergency service of training and research hospital in Ağrı, Turkey between April 1-July 1, 2020. In our study two groups: patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and those with other pneumonias (non COVID-19) were compared in terms of demographic characteristics, laboratory data, and thoracic computerized tomography (CT) findings.

Results: Our study included 201 patients in the non COVID-19 group and 165 patients in the COVID-19 group. An analysis based on the CT findings showed that the rate of ground glass opacities (GGO) was significantly higher in the COVID-19 group (P < 0.01). The rate of isolated lobar or segmental consolidation was significantly higher in the non COVID-19 group (P < 0.01). The lesions had a significantly higher rate of bilateral distribution and peripheral location in the COVID-19 group (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mortality rate (P = 0.469).

Conclusıon: We believe that in order to differentiate COVID-19 pneumonia from other pneumonias, a rapid thoracic computed tomography scan can be performed in the emergency department to be successfully patient management.
Comparison of hematological inflammatory parameters in patients with exfoliative glaucoma and exfoliative syndrome
Authors: DEMİRTAŞ Atılım Armağan
Published: February 2021

Objective: To evaluate the neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet / lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) in exfoliative glaucoma (XFG) patients with the aim of comparing the findings with those of healthy controls and exfoliative syndrome (XFS) patients.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study included 134 participants, 22 XFG patients, 41 XFS patients and 71 healthy individuals were examined. Peripheral venous sample values including neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet levels were recorded from the hospital database.

Results: Among evaluated hematological parameters, although the NLR values of the subjects with XFG were greater than those of the subjects with XFS, when the relationship between the NLR, PLR and SII parameters of the XFG and XFS groups, adjusted for age and gender, was examined by logistic regression analysis, no significant difference was found between the groups. Multiple linear regressions of the association between the NLR, PLR and SII parameters and the ocular parameters of the XFG and XFS groups revealed no significant relationship between the blood parameters and ocular measurements. Neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio was found to be the most acceptable discriminant parameter when comparing XFG group with the XFS and control groups (AUC [area under curve]=0.678, AUC=0.663, respectively). Platelet / lymphocyte ratio was found to be the best discriminant parameter between the XFS and control groups (AUC=0.605).

Conclusion: No significant difference was found between XFG and XFS groups in terms of NLR, PLR and SII parameters. Considering the fact that NLR has the best AUC when comparing XFG and XFS groups, it may be the most acceptable discriminant parameter between XFG and XFS.
Towards A Supranational Media Theory
Authors: ARTUN Fatih , ISIKLI Sevki
Published: February 2021

Satellite systems and the Internet have created a significant alternative that undermines the traditional reporting approach and triggered the search for a new order in mass communication. Instant and interactive data transfer systems have transformed local users into global readers and reporters encouraging a trend of democratization relative to freedom of thought and expression. Content providers and distributors in the traditional news industry which is televisions, magazines, radios, newspapers, online platforms, have a wide range of freedom to reach people. Consumers who use interactive mass communication systems have opportunities to interact with the content that is produced in many different centers. However, in the presence of the media defined as a mechanism that manufactures the consent of people for certain ideas, no matter if they are traditional or novel, people sometimes take the position of a buyer or an activist who takes action for a project and sometimes a part of a group of insusceptible people. People think their consent is their freewill without noticing that it is just a product. They feel a sense of gratitude to the ruling elites without noticing that they are the subjects of a social experiment and under the hypnotic influence of the media. Even though the world societies are getting the same content using the same communication technologies thanks to supranational media companies. Particularly because of content created to convey a message, social differences become more explicit and radical rather than the values in common. That’s why conflicts are incited. At the heart of the majority of new media organization debates, the existence of this problematic information lies. This article, which has been prepared with an analytical approach based on a literature review, discusses the theoretical conditions and the possibility of a new supranational media structure that world citizens need as a source of information. The philosophical basis of the supranational media ideal in question is at the heart of cosmopolitan individuals and eternal peace ideals of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The present media are unable to produce content that doesn’t try to convey a message as it positions individuals as “consumers or user” rather than “people”. Here, supranational media depicting theoretical conditions doesn’t seek profit. It introduces individuals and cultures with their diverse social layers in the consciousness of being a cosmopolitan. Supranational media’s output is based on notions like science, rights and freedoms, the earth, coexistence, and "humanity”.
Assessment of Health Information System Change Resistance
Authors: PARLAKKILIÇ Alaattin , ÜNALAN Nevzat
Published: February 2021

This study investigates user perception and resistance against change in the Hospital Information System (HIS) change. A quantitative approach with a survey was applied to determine perception and resistance ofvgroups.The results were compared with each other: the percentage of innovators (32%), the percentage of early adopters (21%), the percentage of early majority (31%), and the percentage of late majority (12%), and the percentage of laggards (4%). Acceptance differs due to financial reasons. The resistance differs according to the employees’ status. IT developments, management supported security and privacy rules increase employee performance and acceptance. For resistance, there has been a significant difference feedback of employees is required, and functional needs reduce resistance. Hospitals need to use new and up-to-date information technology in order to serve effective patient care with valid standards.
Molecular detection and identification of 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum'
Authors: Menković Jelena , Obradović Aleksa
Published: February 2021

"Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" is a gram-negative, fastidious bacterium that inhabits and multiplies in the phloem of host plants. The bacterium causes economically important diseases of solanaceous crops such as "zebra chips" of potatoes, and chlorotic weakening of cultivated plants of the Apiaceae family. Beside potatotes, this pathogen causes significant economic losses in tobacco, peper and tomato production. Insect vectors classified in the family Triozidae play an important role in the epidemiology of this bacterium. Insects transfer bacterial cells from infected to healthy plants by feeding on the plant juice from the phloem tissue. This pathogenic bacterium could be transmitted by infected seeds which result in long-distance spread. Based on the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), nine haplotypes (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, U) from different geographical regions, host plants and insect vectors have been described. Considering to impossibility of isolation of this bacterium on a nutrient medium, detection and identification are based on the application of molecular methods (conventional PCR, real-time PCR, multiplex PCR, nested PCR and LAMP PCR). Taking into consideration the increasing spread of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" in Europe, as well as its recent detection in Serbia, the aim of this paper was to raise an awareness about importance of this bacterium and summarize the protocols and molecular methods for its detection and identification.
Diagnostics of Grapevine fanleaf virus
Authors: Konstantin Đina , Barać Goran , Iličić Renata , Bagi Ferenc
Published: February 2021

Plant viruses cause considerable economic losses and are a threat for sustainable agriculture. Due to the multiple possibilities of infection, they have become widespread. The use of healthy propagation material, free of viroids, viruses and bacteria, is an important strategy in disease control in viticulture. The early and accurate detection of plant viruses is an essential component of their control. Due to the widespread of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and its devastating potential, various diagnostic methods are being used. GFLV detection methods based on the specificity of the protein cover (ELISA) and nucleic acid-based virus detection methods (RT-PCR, qRT-PCR). Symptoms of viral diseases are often not distinct and can be confused with those of abiotic stresses, so visual inspection is not reliable enough.
Nematicidal effect of plant essential oils of the family Lamiaceae ON Panagrolaimus sp. (Nematoda:Panagrolaimidae)
Authors: Oro Violeta
Published: February 2021

The long-term presence of conventional pesticides changes the ecological balance in nature, causing the disappearance of many beneficial organisms, while their residues in food and water pose a global threat to humans. The consequences of the application of large quantities of pesticides have resulted in the banning of many highly toxic compounds. In search for more environmentally friendly solutions, essential oils are being investigated. Essential oils have been used for centuries in folk medicine and today show great potential in controlling a wide range of pathogens, pests and parasites. The family Lamiaceae is one of the most important plant families in the production of essential oils. The aim of this study was to investigate the nematicidal effect of essential oils of some plants of the family Lamiaceae on free-living nematodes of the genus Panagrolaimus. A low nematicidal effect was shown by pachouli, while moderate nematicidal effects performed wild mint, wild sage, lavender, oregano, thyme and basil. The lemon balm essential oil had the strongest nematicidal impact. The aldehyde and phenolic components of terpenoids are the main constituents of the essential oils of thyme, basil and lemon balm which have shown the strongest nematicidal action and the chemicals potentially responsible for their toxicity.
Allelopathic properties of plant extracts as potential bioherbicides
Authors: Bošković Dragana
Published: February 2021

Weeds are constant companions of plant production. For their control chemical substances, ie herbicides are used. In addition to a number of properties, the use of herbicides has numerous consequences, for the living world and for the environment, as well. Considering their negative effects, there is a need to find alternative methods of weed control. In recent decades, numerous researches have been done within the framework of biologically and eco-friendlier acceptable ways of controlling various pests, including weeds. Bioherbicides are compounds that contain microorganisms (such as bacteria or fungi), products of their metabolism, or plant extracts that have an effect on certain weed species. In this paper, the application of plant extracts that show allelopathic effects, as potential bioherbicides, in modern agricultural production, will be discussed.
Development of low fat: Low salt processed meat products
Authors: Frangopoulos Theofilos , Andreopoulos Dimitrios , Tsitlakidou Petroula , Mourtzinos Ioannis , Biliaderis C.G. , Katsanidis Eugenios
Published: February 2021

There is a growing demand for the development of healthier meat products with reduced fat and salts. The present study was carried out to develop low fat - low salt processed meat products in a type of fermented sausages. Products were formulated with different fat contents (10 g/100g - 20 g/100g) and levels of sodium chloride (0-2 g/100g) and potassium chloride (0-1 g/100g). Potassium chloride (KCl) was used as a substitute for sodium chloride (NaCl). Physicochemical characteristics and textural attributes were assessed instrumentally, while sensory attributes were determined using Quantitative Descriptive Analysis and Principal Component Analysis. The instrumental analysis showed significant (p <0.05) differences in hardness, brittleness, cohesiveness and chewiness among different sausage formulations. However, sensory analysis did not detect any textural changes due to salt substitution or fat reduction. The product with the highest fat content and KCl substitution was found to have the highest rating of perceived bitterness. The research findings identified the significant interaction between the addition of KCl and the fat content on bitterness perception.
Fuzzy logic applications in inland waterway transportation
Authors: Bugarski Vladimir , Kulić Filip , Kanović Željko , Bačkalić Todor
Published: February 2021

New applications of a fuzzy expert system (FES) for direct control of traffic lights in the areas of locks and one-way sections on inland waterways are presented. FES implements the knowledge of experts in the field of water transport on a controller. FES-SL (application in ship locks) was created for a single-chamber two-way ship lock. The system decides when the lock process will be performed depending on the current requests and queues. FES-1WS (application in one-way sections) was created for a canal network with sections where one-way vessel traffic is allowed due to the width limitation. The system is applicable for different traffic densities (from 10 to 90 vessels per day) and different lengths of one-way sections (from 2km to 24km).
Analysis of the financial position of mill companies in Vojvodina
Authors: Tekić Dragana , Mutavdžić Beba , Novković Nebojša , Novaković Tihomir , Vukelić Nataša
Published: February 2021

The subject of this research is the financial position of mill companies in Vojvodina. The specific aim of the research is to analyze the is to compare the applied models for the analysis of the financial position. The basis of the analysis are the financial reports of the observed companies in the period from 2015 to 2019. The analysis of the financial position was performed using two models: Altman's Z-score model and Kralicek's Quick test model. These models use standard financial ratio indicators to assess the risk of bankruptcy of companies, i.e. their financial stability and profitability. The obtained results suggest that the company MLINTEST stood out as the most successful company and that the company KIKINDSKI MLIN stood out as the company with the worst financial position. Both models gave similar results, and their further use is recommended when analyzing the financial position of mill companies in Vojvodina financial position, i.e. to assess the risk of bankruptcy of medium-sized mill companies in Vojvodina. The general aim of the research.
Contribution to experimental investigation of fitting the current transformers' calibration curves
Authors: Juhász Attila , Vujičić Vladimir
Published: February 2021

The paper experimentally investigates the problem of fitting calibration curves of current transformers (CTs). An efficient fitting algorithm enables precise and accurate electronic real-time correction of CT errors and thus effective improvement of their accuracy class. The paper presents the results of a novel algorithm that allows correcting the transformers' current ratio error from 0.25% to within 0.004%, based on 8 key calibration points in the range 1% to 200% of the CT's nominal primary current, in line with the new IEEE Standard.
The development of inclusive education with regard to teacher competencies: Current situation, problems and perspectives
Authors: Jablan Branka , Maksimović Jasna
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to point out the importance of acquiring and developing teacher competencies for work with children with disabilities in an inclusive educational environment. After providing an overview of educational inclusion as the goal and content of current reform processes both in Serbia and around the world, the paper examines this process from the standpoint of teachers and their inclusion competencies. An insight into different studies and research results on teachers' roles, attitudes and competencies indicates that educational inclusion in our country has not taken hold to a sufficient extent, and that teachers express serious doubts regarding their competencies to work with children from sensitive social groups. In practice, teachers, as well as students of teacher education faculties are not sufficiently familiar with the fundamental principles of the inclusive approach to education, and emphasize that they are more ready to work with children with mild disabilities. On the other hand, they are of the opinion that children with multiple disabilities should be educated in specialized institutions. In conclusion, the development of the concept and practice of inclusive education will require serious interventions, both in terms of initial teacher education, and in terms of promoting their role in the contemporary education system for children with disabilities.
Acceptance and closeness as opposed to rejection and neglect as emotional aspects of a parent/child relation, and their influence on young person's mental health and his social competence
Authors: Slavković Ana
Published: February 2021

This article considers how supporters of different directions in psychology explain the importance of closeness and acceptance by parents for the proper development of the child (supporters of attachment theory, classical psychoanalysts, NEO-psychoanalysts, behaviourists). All theorists agree that the love that a child receives from a parent is the basic pillar of child's mental health, some emphasizing the importance of the first years of life (classical psychoanalysts), some childhood up to the age of ten (supporters of attachment theory), and some a relationship between a parent and a child throughout adolescence (ego and self-psychologists). Some theorists emphasize the importance of forming positive internal introjects, ie "working models" of oneself and others, which serve to predict interpersonal interactions and determine a basically positive image of oneself and the world, while others (behavioural theorists) emphasize the importance of parent-child intimacy, with the aim to facilitate the identification process and to internalize the socially desirable characteristics of parents and other role models. The paper also analyzes the way parents manifest acceptance or rejection of the child, the consequences that such actions leave on the child (according to the findings of researchers), as well as the importance of closeness with a same-sex parent or parent of the opposite sex for the child's emotional well-being. In the second part of the paper, we consider the reasons for the rejection of the child by the parents and highlight the importance of parental characteristics, relationship between parents, characteristics of the child, as well as some factors that have nothing to do with the child's identity. We believe that the greatest influence on the rejection of the child has the pathology of the parent himself, which leads to deep internal disintegration and to the projecting of unacceptable parts of the self on a child, so that the parent sees the child as bad, wrong or incompetent.
Introducing phraseologisms units in junior grades of primary school
Authors: Stakić Mirjana
Published: February 2021

One of the novelties in the reformed Curriculum for the Fourth Grade of Primary School (2019) the application of which will begin from 2021/2022 is the introduction of common linguistic expressions into the curriculum content and phraseological units into outcomes of the Serbian Language course. Although we are talking about the content of a single course, it marks a major step forward and lays the groundwork for methodological acquisition of phraseology in junior grades of primary school. Therefore, our paper provides specific methodological recommendations and know-how for introducing students to phraseologisms in junior grades of primary school, and points to the terminological inconsistency between concepts in the curriculum content, learning and instructions for didactic-methodological implementation of the curriculum outcomes that may bear upon the selection of language teaching material, thus putting fourth-graders in an unfavourable position when it comes to enriching their vocabulary with phraseological units. This implies the need for harmonization of terminology in the curriculum content and learning outcomes, harmonization of learning outcomes with the requirements of contemporary teaching methodology, as well as the need for further methodological research that will address the issue of studying phraseological units in junior grades of primary school.
Why are the tarahumara amerindians in mexico such powerful mountain runners?
Authors: Böning D , Riveros-Rivera A
Published: February 2021

The Tarahumara Amerindians in Mexico are extremely potent runners on long mountain trails. We have analyzed publications to find causes. Traditionally the Tarahumara live alternating at altitudes between 2400 m and 800 m. Distances from homes to fields and village centers are large and covered on foot since childhood. Men and women take part in running competitions often with kickballs. Investigated runs lasted on average 8:42 h (78 km without ascent) and 6:58 h (63km), respectively. The intensity during the short race amounted to 70% of estimated V˙O2max (ranging between 41 and 70 ml/(kg*min)), energy expenditure reached 21000 kJ. People run barefoot or with thin sandals resulting in increased forefoot impact and storage of elastic energy. This and the slim frame with little subcutaneous fat reduce energy consumption. The vegetarian nutrition contains many carbohydrates and plant proteins, little fat and cholesterol. Hemoglobin concentration tends to increased values. Noncoding beta-chain variants possess no importance for oxygen affinity. The hearts are not enlarged like in endurance athletes. Genes show little European admixture. Gene enrichment in musclerelated pathways suggests a contribution to physical resistance. Conclusions: Explanations for the extreme endurance are favorable biomechanical conditions and physical training beginning during childhood. Running on slopes and changing living sites between 800 and 2400 m play an additional role. Standard exercise tests and genetic investigations are necessary in future. Key Words: Altitude, Hypoxia, Long Distance Running, Genetics
Predictors of positive and negative risk-taking in adolescents and young adults: Similarities and differences
Authors: Fryt Joanna , Szczygiel Monika
Published: February 2021

Although the risk-taking can potentially result in positive and negative outcomes, most of the researchers focused on its negative, not positive manifestations. Recently, Duell and Steinberg proposed a framework that clarifies the features of positive risk-taking. Research comparing positive and negative risk-taking increased and new measures have been developed. The presented study was designed to examine how the construct of positive risk-taking differs or overlaps with its opposite, negative risk-taking, and whether both are predicted by the same or different factors. Two hundred fifty eight (258) adolescents and young adults (aged 16-29) participated in the study. We tested self-reported sensitivity to reward and punishment, self-control, tolerance to ambiguity, trait anxiety, and gender as possible predictors of positive and negative risk-taking. We also referred both types of risk-taking to domain-specific risk-taking. We found that positive risk-taking is driven by sensitivity to reward and tolerance to ambiguity, and occurs especially in the social domain. Negative risk-taking is driven by gender, sensitivity to reward and (low) sensitivity to punishment, and occurs in all domains except social. Results indicate that positive risk-taking is chosen for exploration and personal growth by people who look for rewards in the social world and is done in a socially accepted way. Negative risk-taking is chosen by people who are not discouraged by severe negative effects and look for rewards outside existing norms.
Beyond general political attitudes: Conspiracy mentality as a global belief system predicts endorsement of international and local conspiracy theories
Authors: Milošević Đorđević Jasna , Žeželj Iris , Đurić Živojin
Published: February 2021

Conspiracy mentality is a general tendency to attribute significant events to the actions of malevolent actors, without referencing to a specific event. In two independent representative surveys of adult Serbian citizens (N1 = 1194; N2 = 1258) we validated Serbian version of the conspiracy mentality questionnaire (CMQ), a reasonably content-free tool designed to capture global conspiratorial beliefs. We successfully validated the adapted CMQ and replicated findings on two national representative samples. In both studies the results demonstrated: good psychometric properties of the CMQ and its predictive capacity for endorsing the international Conspiracy Theories (CTs) (Study 1) and the locally specific CTs (Study 2) over and above the measures of perceptions of political climate (trust in institutions, corruption perception, feeling of insecurity – Study 1), and generalized political attitudes (right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, political cynicism – Study 2). The study presents a unique adaptation and implementation of the CMQ in the non-English speaking country with very active and widespread conspiracy beliefs and a long history of conflicts.
Meldahls modellerede Marmorkirke-modeller
Authors: Christensen Rikke Lyngsø
Published: February 2021

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Ekspressionismen på anklagebænken
Authors: Kromann Thomas Hvid
Published: February 2021

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Periodismo multimedia avanzado
Authors: Ollé Candela
Published: February 2021

Anglicismos como data journalism, transmedia y mobile journalism, una avalancha de datos para tratar y mostrar, además del uso de los teléfonos inteligentes como herramientas y soportes, han entrado con fuerza en la profesión periodística. Sin embargo, la esencia del periodismo -el de siempre- aquel que narra historias con ética, que hace visible lo que no lo es o no vemos, sigue siendo la referencia que sustenta la actividad periodística, también multimedia.
El aprendiz digital: la biblioteca como aliada
Authors: Ortoll Eva , Cobarsí-Morales Josep
Published: February 2021

¿Habéis oído hablar alguna vez de los digital learners (aprendices digitales)? La expresión aprendiz digital asume que hoy en día la forma de estudiar, en mayor o menor medida, se ve afectada por las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación. Y este viaje intelectual requiere más que nunca un acompañamiento que facilite la navegación por un escenario repleto de información digital. Los estudiantes sacarán más provecho de todo ello si tienen una buena experiencia de aprendizaje, y para hacerlo no es suficiente con que tengan acceso a la tecnología.
Cosas extrañas (y cosas más extrañas)
Authors: Roig Antoni
Published: February 2021

Este verano, los interesados en la nueva nostalgia hemos recibido un regalo por parte de Netflix, concretamente Stranger Things, una serie que remite continuamente, en fondo y forma, al imaginario de los Estados Unidos de principios de los años ochenta. Una época marcada por el cine popular de Amblin Entertainment, la mítica productora impulsada por Steven Spielberg, Kathleen Kennedy (hoy presidenta de LucasFilm) y Frank Marshall en 1981. Y mientras tanto, Netflix perfila su ambiciosa estrategia de estrenos simultáneos de cine que darán mucho que hablar en el futuro inmediato.
Diseño para la transformación social
Authors: Melenchón Maldonado Javier
Published: February 2021

En septiembre de 2016 la UOC inicia el Grado de Diseño y Creación Digitales. Es un grado de tres años, nuevo para todo el ecosistema estatal de formación en diseño: no tiene itinerarios y aporta una visión holística del diseño, pivotando alrededor de la cultura libre, el movimiento maker y la ética hacker.
La terminología en el Día Europeo de las Lenguas
Authors: Vàzquez Garcia Mercè
Published: February 2021

El 26 de septiembre se celebra el Día Europeo de las Lenguas con el objetivo de promover la riqueza lingüística y cultural de Europa y fomentar el aprendizaje de lenguas. Esta iniciativa hace posible que una gran variedad de instituciones, como por ejemplo las que son responsables de la política lingüística o las instituciones educativas, sean partícipes de fomentar el interés por las lenguas y difundan la relevancia que tiene el aprendizaje continuo de lenguas.