bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aquatic-Based Tabata training: a training system to improve physical fitness of athletes in situational sports
Authors: Isnaini Lalu Moh Yudha , Setiawan Edi , Gani Ruslan Abdul , Lufthansa Luthfie , Gazali Novri , Winarno M. E.
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of aquatic-based Tabata training on increasing the physical fitness level of athletes in situational sports through a mixed study.
Material and methods: This study adopted a quantitative and qualitative (mixed) approach. Research involved participants who were athletes in situational sports, namely martial arts (n=20) football (n=20). Situational sports are sports with a changing situation during competitive activity. These include sports games and martial arts. Participants were allocated into two groups, namely an experimental group that received an aquatic-based Tabata training program and a control group that carried out normal training. Quantitative instruments for measuring physical fitness was leg dynamometer test, squat jumps, 10 meter running tests, shuttle runs, sit and reach and multi-stage. Meanwhile qualitative instrument involved in-depth interviews for 30 minutes. Quantitative statistical analysis used IBM SPSS to obtain normality, descriptive statistics. Meanwhile, the Independent samples t-test used to test differences in physical fitness values between the before and after of experiment. Paired sample t-test serves to test whether there is an effect of the experimental and control groups on the level of physical fitness. Qualitative statistical analysis through thematic, namely coded and categorized into three themes.
Results: The first finding in the quantitative study showed that there was no difference in the physical fitness of the experimental and control group athletes before the experiment (p>0.05). The second finding that aquatic-based Tabata training had a significant effect on increasing physical fitness (p<0.05), but there was no increase in physical fitness in the control group (p>0.05). The third finding is that there are differences in the physical fitness of the experimental and control group athletes after getting the experiment (p<0.05). Meanwhile qualitative result shows that the athletes agreed that the aquatic-based Tabata training program was easy, fun and efficient to use and saves time. In addition, they also assumed that this training had a big impact in improving physical fitness, but this training also has challenges, namely it could not be applied to pre-teens athletes and has the risk to cause injury if the athletes were not carried out an optimal warming up and not serious in carrying out the training program.
Conclusions: This study concluded that aquatic-based Tabata training was proven to be one of the effective training systems to improve the physical fitness of athletes in situational sports.
Gender-specific issues for sport preparedness of elite female athletes in team sport games
Authors: Nagorna Viktoriia , Mytko Artur , Borysova Olha , Oberhofer Katja , Achermann Basil , Lorenzetti Silvio
Published: September 2023

Purpose. The goal of this study was to identify gender-specific issues of sports training to assist in the planning of training and competition loads of female elite athletes in team sport games.
Material and methods. Bibliometric techniques were applied in this study to gather highly cited papers in sport sciences published during 2005-2022. The method of expert evaluations was used to determine the modern problems of female elite sports. To determine the model characteristics of the optimal psychophysiological state and balance function of elite male versus female athletes during physical exercises, two independent groups 17 women and 24 men were compared, elite athletes from such sport games, as: basketball (women, n=10 and men, n=14), handball (women, n=3 and men, n=5) and volleyball (women, n=4 and men, n=5). Mathematical and statistical processing and data analysis were carried out using the computing and graphic capabilities of the computer programs "Statistica" and Microsoft Excel 2010.
Results.  The analysis of sports scientific literature regarding gender-specific issues and the experts' analytical notes allowed us to obtain information about the main problems, such as: using male models of physical preparation at the training process for women. We determined that the psychophysiological functions for men and women have very particular gender-specific characteristics. For men, it is a predominance of attention, and for women, mobility and strength of nervous processes, respectively. As for the ratio of the quality of the equilibrium function of elite athletes without and with visual control, significantly higher indicators are observed for women (0,98 ± 0,02, p<0,05) compared to the group of men (0,78 ± 0,06, p<0,05).
Conclusions. The research results obtained by us when comparing the psychophysiological and biomechanical indicators of elite athletes of different gender groups provide reliable information about the need to build different approaches in planning special physical loads for female and male athletes in sport games.
Training program in the lowlands for amateur mountaineers for climbing to the peaks
Authors: Ryepko Olena , Skaliy Alexander , Tymko Yevgen , Kozin Serhii , Kozina Zhanneta , Feshchenko Andrii
Published: September 2023

Purpose: We develop and experimentally substantiate the use of a method of training amateur mountaineers in conditions of flat terrain to high altitude and ascent to the top.
Material and methods: The study involved 12 men (age 20-25 years old) who have 1 year experience in mountaineering. The participants were divided into two groups, control and experimental, 6 people each. The study was conducted from March to August 2021. The intervention program lasted 9 weeks. All participants gave their consent to participate in the experiment.
Methods: Physical fitness was measured by the 20 squat test. The resting heart rate was measured while standing. Psychophysiological condition was determined with the "International Reaction Test", the test shows the reaction time to a stimulus. Altitude was chosen as an influence factor on reaction time and HR in different test modes: initial testing (plain), testing at an altitude of 1900 m and at an altitude of 3200 m.
Results: The altitude factor had no significant effect on preload reaction time in both control and experimental groups (p>0.05). However, a significant influence of altitude on post-load reaction time was found in both control and experimental groups (p<0,05). HR was significantly influenced by altitude in both control and experimental groups.  However, the effect is stronger in the control group than in the experimental group.
Conclusions. The method increasing tolerance in hypoxia has a positive effect on the organism recovery after the stress in conditions of natural hypoxia, observed during climbing in the mountains.
Personal Data Protection as a Tool to Fight Cyber Corruption
Authors: Gulyamov Said , Raimberdiyev Sherzod
Published: September 2023

As digital technologies proliferate, personal data vulnerabilities enable new forms of systemic corruption. Robust data protection frameworks are essential safeguards, yet remain underutilized in anti-corruption efforts. This paper analyzes the complex intersection between privacy, cyber-security and corruption. Rapid technological change has led to exponential growth in personal data generation. However, legal and ethical oversight lags behind. Vast troves of user data are harvested, often without full consent or transparency, creating information asymmetries ripe for abuse. Data may be exploited, manipulated, or weaponized to enable digital authoritarianism, cybercrime, discrimination, elite capture, and other corrupt ends. Users lack control over or visibility into data misuse once obtained. Case examples showcase vulnerabilities across sectors. Tighter constraints on data collection, use and sharing, coupled with oversight and accountability measures, can help rein in these risks. While data protection principles increasingly shape global governance frameworks, considerable implementation and enforcement gaps persist. Integrating privacy into anti-corruption programs as a core pillar, alongside transparency and ethics initiatives, is vital to secure the data flows underpinning digital societies against corrupt interests.
ESCOLAS DE MEDIAÇÃO
Authors: Lima Tavares de Souza Júlia
Published: September 2023

Com o propósito de contribuir para a discussão doutrinária acerca dos métodos adequados de resolução de conflitos, o objetivo deste estudo se direciona para a apresentação das peculiaridades da mediação através de sua perspectiva histórica e principais pontos de relevância na legislação brasileira. Além disso, serão apresentados aspectos doutrinários acerca das três principais escolas de mediação - Escola Tradicional-Linear de Harvard, Escola Circular-Narrativa e Escola Transformativa - demonstrando a importância do embasamento teórico na atuação do mediador, bem como do direcionamento correto das ferramentas aplicadas em determinada situação conflituosa. Para tanto, será adotada a metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica utilizando produções textuais dos precursores e estudiosos acadêmicos sobre o tema.
BARRIERS TO THE INCLUSION OF LEARNERS WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENTS: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON ZAMBIA
Authors: Kumatongo Brighton , Musukwa Nixon , Muzata Kenneth K.
Published: September 2023

Teaching learners with hearing impairments in inclusive learning environment require identification and elimination of learning barriers. The current education policy in Zambian, ‘Educating our future’ of 1996 stresses the need to teach learners with disabilities inclusively. Effective inclusion of learners with hearing impairments entails identification of their learning barriers and making the learning environment accommodative. This paper is a literature review of some barriers that learners with hearing impairments experience in learning in inclusive learning environments and some accommodative measures to consider when teaching learners with hearing impairments. In this article we shall first explore the concept of hearing impairment and inclusive education from a historical perspective and thereafter explore the barriers that learners with hearing impairments experience in learning and review some accommodative measures for learners with hearing impairments in inclusive environments.
 
Keywords: Barriers. Deaf. Hearing Impairment. Inclusive Education. Learners
MEDIAÇÃO DE CONFLITO ESCOLAR
Authors: Baldner Rodrigues Alessandra Paula
Published: September 2023

O presente trabalho trata da mediação de conflitos no contexto escolar para defender sua importância para a promoção do diálogo pacífico entre os estudantes, professores e funcionários de uma escola. A mediação no âmbito escolar diminui a violência e permite a integração e reflexão das famílias e de toda comunidade. Busca-se assim conscientizar sobre o valor do diálogo e da convivência pacífica entre os partícipes do processo pedagógico e educativo. A resolução de conflitos é tratada de diferentes pontos de vista, de diferentes formas, culturalmente significativas, por uma variedade de processos, de práticas e de competências que ajudam a prevenir, a administrar de forma construtiva, resolvendo pacificamente o conflito individual, interpessoal e institucional.
IDENTIFYING WAYS TO INCREASE THE PRIVATE INCOME OF NORTH KHORASAN GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION
Authors: Amani Amir , Amani Amin
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to identify ways to increase the private income of North Khorasan education. The study was a combination of exploratory design projects in two qualitative and quantitative stages. Due to the quality of the study, the snowball sampling method was used and a total of 22 experts were interviewed. In the quantitative research section, statistical samples were selected from among managers and deputies of the General Administration and financial sector experts in a comprehensive manner. Data analysis and qualitative analysis in the qualitative stage was done by the Foundation's data analysis method and through open coding, central coding, and selective coding, and in a small part, Friedman's test method was used to evaluate and prioritize strategies. Based on the research findings, it was found that privatization and transfer, commercialization, internal resource management, external participation, manpower, and legal-structural measures were among the strategies to increase specific revenues. Also among the specific revenue-generating strategies for training and education were human resource strategies, internal resource management, privatization, and assignment. As a result, officials are encouraged to take effective steps to increase their revenues by properly planning to strengthen and revitalize previous resources and policy and develop new guidelines for using new resources.
LIVED EXPERIENCES OF TEACHERS IN IMPLEMENTING MODULAR DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE PHILIPPINE SETTING
Authors: Nacar Christine Joy B. , Camara Jun S.
Published: September 2023

COVID-19 pandemic posed various challenges and issues in the education system in the country. The pandemic forced the schools to temporarily close to contain the spread of the virus. Thus, the School Year 2020-2021 became the “new normal” of education where traditional in-person learning shifted into distance learning which threatened not only the parents and learners but most especially the Department of Education. The pandemic created challenges to the Department of Education on what they can do to ensure that though the delivery of learning changes, the quality of the education remains the same. The study is qualitative research with a phenomenology research design. It was conducted to explain the lived experiences of Teachers in Implementing Modular Distance Learning. Specifically, this aims in discussing the experiences and challenges encountered by the teachers in implementing the MDL as part of the “New Normal”. Purposive sampling was used in selecting 5 teachers that participated in the study. The researcher used online interviews through Google forms and Messenger calls to seek in-depth information that revealed the lived experiences of the teachers in implementing modular distance learning modality. Colaizzi’s 1978 method of data analysis was utilized to analyze and interpret the results of this study. Findings from the study showed themes based on the experience of teachers in implementing MDL. Through the result of this study, SDO- Alaminos City may utilize the results in designing various Professional Development Programs/training that would enhance the capability of teachers and provide a support system to teachers during modular distance learning
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ROLE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL HEALTH IN THE GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION
Authors: Amani Amin , Rihani Shirvan Masomeh , Amani Asiyeh
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership role and organizational health in the General Directorate of Education of North Khorasan. Their validity was confirmed and their reliability was obtained using Cronbach's test of 88% and 78%, respectively. The study population is 153 employees of the General Directorate of Education of North Khorasan who were active in 2021. The statistical sample includes 110 employees; which were selected by random sampling method. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between the components of research (the role of transformational leader with desirable influence, the role of transformational leader with inspirational motivation, the role of transformational leader with mental motivation) and organizational health. As a result, in order to make the organization healthier and achieve this important goal, managers should make efforts to improve their leadership role in order to solve organizational problems by establishing a committed relationship along with a contingent approach to environmental variables.
THE CHANGE OF VIETNAMESE FOLK BELIEFS IN THE NEW CONTEXT: STUDY A TYPICAL RELIGIOUS ACTIVITY
Authors: Thi Hien Vu
Published: September 2023

Vietnam is a multi-faith and multi-religious country. According to incomplete statistics, Vietnam has about 95% of the population with religious and religious life. Up to now, the country has about 45,000 belief establishments, of which there are more than 2,900 relics associated with belief and religious establishments. Religious activities take place vibrantly throughout the country; many major religious activities and activities were solemnly organized, attracting hundreds of thousands of attendees. However, in recent years, many religious activities have changed in both positive and negative directions. This study selects a popular folk belief activity of the Vietnamese people, the funeral rite. Based on the survey, this study focuses on analyzing the actual situation of funeral rites, the values ​​, and limitations of this religious activity.
TEACHING GEOMETRY WITHOUT USING CALCULATORS: AN EXPERIMENTAL CASE ON GRADE-9 THAI LEARNERS
Authors: P. Israel Dandie , S. Camara Jun
Published: September 2023

Should we solve geometry problems using calculators? This study identified the effect of using (and not using) calculators during calculations on geometry problems sets, as well as the perceived impact on the use of calculators based on students’, parents’ and school administrators’ perception in a school in Bangkok, Thailand. This study combined both qualitative (survey and interview) and quantitative techniques (experiment) to address the research problem. Findings revealed that the performance of students who used calculators in the experiment did not significantly differ with those who did not which suggests that non-usage of calculators will not affect solving geometry problems, at least in the context of Thai Math education. Further, survey showed that students only used calculators ‘sometimes’ outside class and gave diverse responses when asked why. Interview with parents, students and administrators showed transcript extracts mostly on their agreement to use calculators in geometry class citing the convenience and speed of doing problems but implied a negative impact on their academic performance in math problems in the real world. This study could provide a baseline information on the use of calculators in the teaching of Math lessons for other nationalities.
Tinjauan Kelengkapan Pengisian Rekam Medis Berdasarkan Elemen Penilaian Standar Akreditasi Rumah Sakit di RSUD Koja Tahun 2023
Authors: Adelia Cindy , Muniroh Muniroh , Putra Daniel Happy
Published: September 2023

Latar Belakang: Rekam Medis adalah dokumen yang berisikan data identitas pasien, pemeriksaan, pengobatan, tindakan, dan pelayanan lain yang telah diberikan kepada pasien.

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran kelengkapan pengisian Rekam Medis berdasarkan elemen penilaian standar akreditasi rumah sakit di RSUD Koja.

Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, analisis kuantitatif, dan pedoman wawancara.

Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Sudah terdapat Standar Prosedur Operasional (SPO) yang mengatur tentang pengisian Rekam medis di RSUD Koja tetapi belum semua prosedur terlaksana, terdapat prosedur yang belum terlaksana yang dimana belum adanya buku catatan yang mencatat Rekam medis yang belum diisi dan pengisian Rekam medis yang masih dilaksanakan di ruang rawat inap. Kelengkapan Rekam Medis berdasarkan elemen penilaian standar akreditasi rumah sakit 83% dari 107 Rekam medis dan tidak lengkap 17%. Dampak dari ketidaklengkapan dari Rekam medis yaitu membuat Menghambat proses untuk klaim, Jumlah tagihan ke BPJS menjadi tidak sesuai, Proses waktu penagihan ke BPJS menjadi terhambat/pending, Petugas coding harus merekap ulang berkas kodngan yang tidak sesuai, Pendapatan rumah sakit juga menjadi berkurang di waktu bukan penagihan.

Kesimpulan: Perlunya di sosialisasikan Kembali mengenai standar prosedur operasional pengisian Rekam medis kepada seluruh pelayan Kesehatan (dokter dan perawat) mengenai prosedur SPO yang belum terlaksana
BESTANDEL DELICT PASAL 3 UU PTPK TERHADAP ULTRA VIRES DALAM PENGELOLAAN BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA BERBENTUK PERUSAHAAN UMUM
Authors: NAINGGOLAN SAMUEL DHARMA PUTRA , RAHMAN KHOLILUR , SIMBOLON EDISON DANAULI , SINAMBELA JAMALUM
Published: September 2023

State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) in the form of Public Companies (Perum) are the driving force as well as the locomotive of the country's economy that can create economic stability, national independence and to keep production that concerns the livelihoods of many people under state control. State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) are filled by people who are competent in their fields by going through a series of fit and proper tests to be in State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN). Improving the welfare of its people, the state through State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN), in this case the government can also invest in it, solely to accelerate existing development. Directors of Public Companies (Perum) have the authority to carry out their duties and functions. Regarding this authority, it must be maintained so that actions do not occur that exceed the limits of that authority. There is an act of a Board of Directors who exceeds the authority he has in a company, in civil law this is referred to as Ultra Vires, also for Ultra Vires actions which exceed the limits of authority which can also be categorized as an act of maladministration in the Administrative Law regime, however Perum uses money The state in its management is also regulated by Law Number 31 of 1999 as amended and added to Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes.
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM ANALYTICAL FACTOR IN AUSTRALIA’S RESPONSE TOWARDS TENSIONS WITH CHINA
Authors: SANDITYA MUTIARA NURRAHMA MAHARANI
Published: September 2023

The relationship between Australia and China has been one of the highlights of recent foreign policy study. With its relatively unstable political dynamics, China has been very good at maintaining its economic growth so that its often referred as Rising China. Australia, on the other hand, has a great influence in Asia-Pasific economic aspect. For decades, Australia and China have a strong economic ties towards each other. It makes them one of the best duo in Asia-Pasific economic cooperation. After previously the relationship between Australia and China had been stretched for some reasons, recently the relationship between the two has become increasingly tense. It related to the various aggressiveness by China’s foreign policy towards Australia, one of which is the posting of fake image by Chinese officials, which is quite controversial. This controversy has an impact on the trade relationship between the two which getting heated. However, Australia's response tends to be less strong, compared to China’s aggressiveness. Therefore, the author will try to analyze Australia's response in this issue seen from the International System level of analysis. Inline with this, the author will focus on how interdependence in the international system can influence Australia not to act more aggressively in responding to China.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMETAAN PIKIRAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS KARANGAN NARASI SISWA KELAS IV SDN PABEAN 2 SEDATI SIDOARJO
Authors: PANDANWANGI IKA APRIANA
Published: September 2023

From the observation result and interview with Mr. Heru teacher of class IV-B at Pabean 2/65 Sidoarjo Elementary School, showing the ability of student in write narration essay at class IV-B of Pabean 2/65 Sidoarjo Elementary School still low. It can be seen from the score of student in make narration essay. Student feels difficult to find theme, express essay content, using spelling. It proved from the student score in making narration essay under SKBM, as big as 70. Only seven students (21%) from 32 students that reach above 70. Problems that become the background of those thing is the learning process that done by educator not successfully enough. The Indonesian learning limited only to product / result, concept and theory. In fact, many done traditionally. Model and method of learning that used still classical make Indonesian learning become boring to student. Teacher more played role on the learning process than student. It fell the relation between teacher and student and student each other not good connected yet. Related with those problems, researcher applying mind mapping strategy to increasing the write narration essay ability of fifth grade student of Pabean 2/65 Sidoarjo Elementary School. Hoped with mind mapping strategy, student can arising their idea to image, writing and color form. Next, student can make an essay frame in the interesting form then develop it on the narration essay. The kind of research is descriptive. The research design using class action research or PTK. This research done at two cycle and on each cycle consist of two meeting. Data collection technique using observation, test, and documentation. The execution of learning activity with aplication of mind mapping strategy done very good. The presentage of execution is increase each of that cycle. The average of student writing essay narration result score on the first cycle is 73.03 as big as 19 students (63.33%) from 30 student that present are fulfilling SKBM. On the second cycle the average score increase to 81.2 as big as 28 students (100%) from 28 students that present have fulfill SKBM. Problem that experienced is class conditioning that inappropriate, after finishing task student always runaway and disturbing each other, and student always must be reminded and guided about the spell writing. To overcome it with giving contract on the early of learning and student guiding patiently complete from start until the end.
„Zugang gestalten!“ 2023 in Münster
Authors: Fiebig Peggy
Published: September 2023

In eigener Sache: „Zugang gestalten!“, die jährliche Konferenz zum kulturellen Erbe in der digitalen Welt, tagt diesen Herbst in Münster. Vom 4. bis 6. Oktober geht es um das Thema „Hindernisse überwinden“. Peggy Fiebig hat einen Blick in das umfangreiche Programm geworfen.
Innovation im Urheberrecht: Was ist ein „Pastiche“?
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Der Pastiche verbessert die Kommunikation im digitalen Raum – denn er macht legal, was zuvor meist rechtswidrig war: zum Beispiel Remixes, Fan Fiction und Memes. Doch gibt es Regeln zu beachten. Welche das sind, erklärt ein aktuelles Rechtsgutachten, das es jetzt auch in englischer Sprache gibt. Die „Pastiche“-Regelung ist relativ jung. Erst seit dem Sommer 2021 steht sie im Urheberrecht.
„Künstliche Intelligenz“ à la GPT3: Die große Remix-Maschine
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

GPT3 ist eine Software, mit der sich wie von Zauberhand Texte erstellen lassen. Das Etikett „Künstliche Intelligenz“ dürfte trotz aller Hoffnungen zu hoch gegriffen sein. Denn GPT3 erzeugt vor allem Remixes von bestehenden Texten. Wie lernt die Maschine zu schreiben? Und ist die neue Technologie Fluch oder Segen für die Kreativbranche?
Wann im Urheberrecht die Schutzfrist abläuft (und wann Leistungsschutzrechte Vorsicht nötig machen)
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Der Start eines neuen Jahres ist urheberrechtlich etwas Besonderes: In Deutschland sind seit dem 1. Januar 2023 alle Werke gemeinfrei, deren Urheber*innen im Jahr 1952 (also vor 70 Jahren) gestorben sind. Doch Obacht: Leistungsschutzrechte können die Gemeinfreiheit von späteren Werkaufnahmen oder -aufführungen hinauszögern.
Konferenz „Zugang gestalten!“ in der SUB Hamburg – Neue Website und Programm veröffentlicht
Authors: iRights.info Redaktion
Published: September 2023

Im Herbst 2022 findet die alljährliche Konferenz wieder statt. Das Motto der diesjährigen „Zugang gestalten!“ lautet: „Digitale Verfügbarkeit – Globale Rezeption“. Programm und Anmeldung sind freigeschaltet. Die neu gestaltete Website bietet ein Archiv früherer Ausgaben samt Vorträgen, Programmen und Fotos.
Datenschutz: Worauf muss ich beim Versand von Newslettern achten?
Authors: Rauchfuss Johannes
Published: September 2023

Newsletter sind ein beliebtes Tool, um andere auf eigene Produkte oder auf selbst erstellte Inhalte aufmerksam zu machen. Es geht ja auch ganz einfach: Per Email erhält eine Vielzahl von Adressaten in regelmäßigen Abständen alle wichtigen Informationen. Allerdings: Der Datenschutz spielt hier eine gewichtige Rolle. Worauf es dabei ankommt.
Lösch und weg? Datenlöschung und die DSGVO
Authors: Fiebig Peggy
Published: September 2023

Die Datenschutzgrundverordnung (DSGVO) sieht ein „Recht auf Löschung“ personenbezogener Daten vor. Doch ab wann Daten als gelöscht gelten, ist eine knifflige Frage. Im Interview mit iRights.info erklären die beiden Experten Joerg Heidrich und Christoph Wegener die wichtigsten Punkte zum richtigen Löschen. Vor gut fünf Jahren ist die DSGVO, die europäische Datenschutzgrundverordnung, in Kraft getreten.
Was wir kopieren, wenn wir kopieren
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Eine Kopie ist eine Kopie ist eine Kopie? Nicht ganz. Drei Formen des Kopierens lassen sich voneinander abgrenzen: Repräsentation, Replikation und Referenz – je nachdem was wir kopieren. Auch im Urheberrecht spiegeln sich die Unterschiede. Ein Vorschlag zur differenzierten Betrachtung.
ADORE.software is ready for signing
Authors:   Research Software Alliance
Published: September 2023

15 September 2023 DOI: 10.59350/a0wh3-y3057 Image source: Prostock-studio, Shutterstock We are pleased to announce that Version 1.0 of the Amsterdam Declaration on Funding Research Software Sustainability (ADORE.software) is now released.
Warum die Wissenschaft trotz Open Access nicht von den Verlagen lässt
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Ohne Wissenschaft gäbe es keine Wissenschaftsverlage, so viel ist klar. Aber andersherum? Versprach die Open-Access-Bewegung nicht eine Befreiung vom Verlagswesen? Trotz hoher Gebühren fällt es der Wissenschaft schwer, von ihren Verlagen zu lassen. Vier Gründe, warum die Beziehung so verstrickt ist.
Wie wir die Public Domain zu einem wehrhaften Riesen machen
Authors: Weitzmann John Hendrik
Published: September 2023

Jedes Jahr am 1. Januar ist „Public Domain Day“. Der Aktionstag richtet sich gegen die übermäßig lange Monopolisierung kulturellen Schaffens als „geistiges Eigentum“. Statt dieses für nicht selten mehr als 100 Jahre marktwirtschaftlichen Zwängen zu unterwerfen, sollten wir die Idee des Gemeinguts stärken – im Interesse aller, auch der Kreativen. An jedem 1. Januar wird der „Public Domain Day“ gefeiert.
Andy Warhols farbige Prince-Porträts sind doch nicht erlaubte Foto-Bearbeitungen [Update]
Authors: Steinhau Henry
Published: September 2023

Andy Warhol ist bekannt für seine Kunst, die vorhandene Werke nutzt und umarbeitet. Die Fotografin Lynn Goldsmith sieht allerdings in seinen Bearbeitungen ihres Prince-Fotos ihre Urheberrechte verletzt. Ein New Yorker Richter urteilte 2019, dass Warhols Adaptionen unter die vom US-amerikanischen Fair-Use-Prinzip abgedeckten Erlaubnisse fallen. Diese Entscheidung hob der Supreme Court nun auf.
Zweitveröffentlichungsrecht und Causa Konstanz: Bundesverfassungsgericht vor Entscheidung
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

2023 endlich will das Bundesverfassungsgericht im Streit um das Zweitveröffentlichungsrecht entscheiden. Im Kern geht es um die Frage, ob Wissenschaftler*innen vorgeschrieben werden darf, dass diese ihre Aufsätze nach zwölf Monaten frei zugänglich zweitveröffentlichen. Was macht die Regelung so anstößig, dass Jura-Professor*innen dagegen klagten?

Vom Bund zum Land zur Uni

Der Streit geht schon seit einigen Jahren.
Warum reine Unterrichtskonzepte immer gemeinfrei sind
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Reine Konzepte, die den Unterricht strukturieren, lassen sich nicht über das Urheberrecht schützen. Das hat Vorteile für offene Bildungsmaterialien: Es brauchen keine Lizenzen vergeben und auch keine Rechte geklärt werden. Unterrichtskonzepte lassen sich völlig frei von allen benutzen. Wer an einer Schule, Hochschule oder einem anderen Bildungsträger unterrichtet, muss im Lehralltag bisweilen improvisieren.
Fußballspiele lizenzieren, filmen, senden – wie funktioniert das für WM und Bundesliga?
Authors: El-Auwad Maya
Published: September 2023

So umstritten sie auch ist – die Fußball-WM in Katar findet statt. Die Übertragungsrechte dafür sind längst verteilt. Doch wie kommt das Bild aus dem Stadion auf die Bildschirme der Fans und wie ist ein Fußballspiel rechtlich geschützt? Maya El-Auwad hat sich den Lizenzhandel im Fußball genauer angesehen.
Diagrams of Theory: The Forbidden Triads
Authors: Stoltz Dustin S.
Published: September 2023

The Forbidden Triad (Holland and Leinhardt 1971:118) The Paper # Granovetter wrote the The Strength of Weak Ties while in graduate school at Harvard (1965-70). It is one of the most highly cited papers in all of social science, however, surprisingly, it was initially rejected from the top journal in the field, American Sociological Review, in 1969.
Rechtsfibel Digitalisierung – Social Media ins Archiv – „Doing Research“: Creative Commons, Verlagswesen
Authors: El-Auwad Maya
Published: September 2023

Mehrere Publikationen unter Beteiligung von iRights.info sind kürzlich per Open Access erschienen. Darunter die „Rechtsfibel für Digitalisierungsprojekte in Kulturerbe-Einrichtungen“, ein Gutachten zur Archivierung von Social-Media-Inhalten sowie Buchkapitel zu Creative Commons und dem wissenschaftlichen Verlagswesen.
Bildungsmaterialien systematisch auf OER-Kriterien prüfen: Das praxiserprobte OER-Prüfinstrument
Authors: Steinhau Henry
Published: September 2023

Wer mit offenen Bildungsmaterialien arbeitet, ist früher oder später mit Lizenzfragen konfrontiert, etwa bei der Kombination verschiedener OER. Ein OER-Prüfinstrument hilft in sieben Schritten dabei, die OER-Tauglichkeit zu prüfen und einzuschätzen. Tiefere juristische Kenntnisse sind dafür nicht vorausgesetzt. Wir erklären die Checkliste und ihre Anwendung.
Icons, Emoticons und Emojis – richtig verwenden in OER
Authors: El-Auwad Maya
Published: September 2023

Wer Texte durch Icons, Emoticons und Emojis ergänzen möchte, muss verschiedene Lizenzbedingungen beachten. Für OER braucht es dabei eine offene Lizenz und vollständige Lizenzhinweise. Für die Erstellung und Nutzung von OER ist es immer hilfreich, auf offene Lizenzen zu setzen. Das gilt auch für

Symbole

(englisch „Icons“): Dazu gehören gestalterische Elemente wie Pfeile, geometrische Figuren, Piktogramme oder Emoticons.
Matomo-Praxisbericht: Wie sich das offene Webanalyse-Tool in der Anwendung macht
Authors: Baetz Alexander
Published: September 2023

Mit Matomo lassen sich Nutzungsdaten für Websiten erheben und auswerten. Wie ist die offen lizenzierte Software zu installieren? Und wie schlägt sie sich im Alltag, auch im Vergleich mit dem Angebot des Branchenriesen Google? Das hat sich Alexander Baetz genauer angesehen. Matomo Analytics ist eine Webanalytik-Plattform. Als datenschutzfreundliche Alternative zu Google Analytics hat sich das Tool in den letzten Jahren einen Namen gemacht.
Lichtbild vs. Lichtbildwerk – wo der Unterschied liegt
Authors: El-Auwad Maya
Published: September 2023

Wann erreicht ein Lichtbild die sogenannte „Schöpfungshöhe“ und genießt damit urheberrechtlichen Schutz als Werk? Über einen kleinen, aber feinen Unterschied im Bild-Urheberrecht. Fotos, auch Lichtbilder genannt, werden täglich millionenfach geschossen – häufig als Schnappschüsse, die in den Sozialen Medien landen.
Open-Access-Fachliteratur gezielt suchen und finden: 13 Anlaufstellen für die Recherche
Authors: Hornung Christoph
Published: September 2023

Wer studiert oder forscht, ist auf wissenschaftliche Fachpublikationen angewiesen. Dank Open Access erscheinen immer mehr davon kostenlos und frei zugänglich für alle Interessierten.
Verwertungsgesellschaften in Deutschland: Welche es gibt, was sie machen und wieviel Geld sie verwalten [Update]
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Große Verwertungsgesellschaften wie GEMA oder VG Wort sind allgemein bekannt. Doch wer hat schon mal von GÜFA, TWF oder GWVR gehört? Und weiß sogar, wieviel Geld sie jedes Jahr eintreiben und ausschütten? Und wofür? Unser Überblick verrät es.

Update:

Dieser Text wurde zuerst im Dezember 2021 veröffentlicht. Dementsprechend enthält er die Daten aus den Jahren 2020/2019.
Tagesschau und Kolleg24 veröffentlichen Erklärvideos unter CC BY-SA
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Gute Nachrichten aus der ARD: Die „Tagesschau“ sowie das BR-Format „Kolleg24“ stellen viele ihrer Videos unter die Creative-Commons-Lizenz CC BY-SA. Diese bietet gute Nutzungsmöglichkeiten für Bildungs- wie auch für kommerzielle Zwecke. Reichweite und Sichtbarkeit der Clips dürften sich fortan stark erhöhen. Die Sendungen werden mit dem Lizenzwechsel attraktiver für eine Reihe von Nutzungen.
Urheberrecht in Schule und Wissenschaft: Zwei neue Handreichungen unterstützen bei Alltagsfragen
Authors: iRights.info Redaktion
Published: September 2023

Darf ich meinen Unterricht aufzeichen? Wem gehören die Rechte an meinem Aufsatz? Und wie war das nochmal mit dem Zitatrecht? In Schule und Wissenschaft stellen sich vielfältige Fragen rund ums Urheberrecht. Zwei neue Handreichungen des BMBF helfen mit leicht verständlichen und praxisnahen Antworten, konzipiert und erarbeitet von Till Kreutzer und Georg Fischer.
Schwieriges Erbe: Illegale Opern-Bootlegs stellen Schweizer Hochschule vor Probleme
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Bootlegs, also unerlaubte Mitschnitte, assoziiert man meist mit Pop- oder Rock-Konzerten. Doch auch in Opernhäuser werden bisweilen heimlich Aufnahmegeräte geschmuggelt. Ein New Yorker Opern-Enthusiast ging besonders exzessiv vor: Seine Sammlung reicht über Jahrzehnte und ist wissenschaftlich bedeutsam – urheberrechtlich aber sehr heikel.
Die Suche nach der kleinsten lizenzierbaren Einheit
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Um die Verwertung ihrer Werke zu maximieren, handelt die Medienindustrie Rechte in großen Paketen. Der gegenläufige Trend ist es, Fragmente und Ausschnitte zu lizenzieren, etwa Klingeltöne, GIFs oder NFTs. Branchenübergreifend verschieben sich die Grenzen der Lizenzierbarkeit nach unten.

Marktkonzentration

gehört in der Medienbranche zum Tagesgeschäft.
Der „Pastiche“ im Urheberrecht – was ist das eigentlich?
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Seit etwa einem Jahr steht der „Pastiche“ im deutschen Urheberrecht. Wir werfen einen Blick in ein neues Gutachten, in dem Till Kreutzer Konzept und Konsequenzen des Pastiche-Begriffs untersucht. Am 19. September wird Kreutzer das Gutachten bei der „Filtered Futures“-Konferenz in Berlin zur Diskussion stellen.
Experimente mit Klangkonserven: Wie sich das DJing im 20. Jahrhundert entwickelte
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Die Mischung macht’s! DJs legen fremde Stücke auf, mischen diese kreativ ineinander und unterhalten das Publikum mit musikalischen Geschichten. Sie ebneten damit den Weg für digitale Remix-Techniken, wie sie heute im Netz alltäglich sind. Ein kleiner Rückblick, wie sich das DJing entwickelte.
Drei Ausnahmen vom Urheberrecht: 15%-Regel für Unterricht und Lehre – Zitat – Pastiche
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Drei wichtige Ausnahmen vom Urheberrechtsschutz im Überblick: Die 15%-Regel für Unterricht und Lehre, das Zitatrecht und die damit verwandte Pastiche-Regelung. „Gesetzlich erlaubte Nutzungen“: Das ist die Bezeichnung für diverse Ausnahmen vom Urheberrecht. Sie wurde 2018 mit dem Urheberrecht-Wissensgesellschafts-Gesetz (kurz: UrhWissG) eingeführt.
Urfassung des Grundgesetzes online – Open-Access-Vertragsgenerator – E-Lending: Podcast und Umfrage
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Zum 74. Geburtstag der Bundesrepublik Deutschland muss niemand für das gemeinfreie Original des Grundgesetzes unter die Erde steigen: Ein Digitalisat ist nun online verfügbar. Ein Online-Vertragsgenerator hilft dabei, passgenaue Musterverträge für Open-Access-Publikationen zu generieren. Und das Justizministerium startet eine Umfrage zum E-Lending in Bibliotheken.
Wann ist ein Meme ein Meme? Schottische Bahn entfacht Remix-Challenge mit 2500 Ansagen
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Das gibt’s sonst nur auf TikTok: Ein ungewöhnlicher Datenschatz der schottischen Bahn lässt die Herzen von Remix-Fans höher schlagen. Innerhalb weniger Stunden entsteht eine kollektive Remix-Challenge. Ein Lehrstück über die Dynamiken der Meme-Kultur.

Es ist eine Quelle, wie sie sich nicht alle Tage auftut: Die schottische Bahngesellschaft ScotRail stellte eine Aufnahme ihrer fast 2500 Ansagen ins Netz.
Das italienische Kulturerbegesetz – eine Bedrohung für die Gemeinfreiheit?
Authors: Dreyling Justus
Published: September 2023

Italiens Kulturerbegesetz macht Ärger: Zwar haben die weltberühmten Werke von Sandro Botticelli, Leonardo Da Vinci und Michelangelo gar keinen Urheberrechtsschutz. Und doch wurden mehrere Nutzer dieser ungeschützten Werke verklagt, darunter ein großer deutscher Puzzle-Produzent. Die Gemeinfreiheit kommt dadurch in Bedrängnis, so Justus Dreyling.
Die Kunst, sich selbst zu verlegen
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

YouTube, Blogs, Repositorien: Unüberschaubare Mengen an Inhalt erscheinen jeden Tag auf digitalen Plattformen. Und mit Künstlicher Intelligenz dürfte es bald sogar noch mehr sein. Wie alltäglich ist das Veröffentlichen mit dem Internet geworden? Und was bedeutet der Wandel für Forschung und Kultur? Fragen, denen die Konferenz „Banales Publizieren“ kürzlich nachging.
Comic veranschaulicht Urheberrechts-Fragen
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: September 2023

Urheberrechtliche Grundlagen anschaulicht erklärt: Wer einen niedrigen Einstieg in das Thema Urheberrecht sucht, sollte sich den neuen Comic-Essay genauer ansehen. Eine Creative-Commons-Lizenz erleichtert die Verbreitung. Das Urheberrecht ist bisweilen eine komplizierte Sache. Es richtet sich nicht nur an professionelle Akteure wie Künstler*innen, Verlage oder Verwertungsfirmen, wie das vor einigen Jahrzehnten noch der Fall war.
Novel Approach To Manufacture Powders With Tailored Chemical Composition For Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Choma Tomasz , Kalicki Bartosz , Morończyk Bartosz , Smolina Iryna , Sadanand Saumya , Gruber Konrad , Pérez-Prado Maria Teresa , Gallino Isabella , Busch Ralf , Kasprowicz Marcin , Żrodowski Łukasz , Ostrysz Mateusz
Published: September 2023

Access to a wide range of alloy powders is necessary for the development of new materials for additive manufacturing. This is due to the lengthy and expensive validation process, as well as the high cost of powder production. Another important aspect is the method of producing powders, such as gas, plasma, centrifugal, or water atomization technologies that are used. Despite the biggest advantages of these processes, such as high production yield, some disadvantages of these processes are the high investment cost, the small number of materials that can be processed, the wide powder size distribution, or the minimal amount of material input for atomization. This paper shows a novel approach of ultrasonic atomization to manufacture small quantities of metallic powders for research scale, including Al 5754 and FINEMET alloys.
Modelling of Fatigue Strength of Astaloy CrS
Authors: Andersson Michael
Published: September 2023

Astaloy CrS is a water atomized iron powder alloyed with 0.85%Cr and 0.15%Mo, recently developed to meet coming demands for sustainability. For many applications fatigue strength is a limiting factor, and reliable fatigue models and data are key to using any material to the best potential, not least for sustainability reasons. This paper focuses on the fatigue strength of Astaloy CrS, where the strength of this new material is compared to more traditional alloying systems, such as FeCuC. In parallel, a fracture mechanics model fatigue is developed to predict the strength of the material. With this model it’s possible to include both the effect of density as well as stress concentrations to estimate component strength under different conditions.
A Microstructural Assessment of the Thermal Gradient during Large-scale FAST/SPS Sintering for Tall Samples and Multi-Sample Serial Stacking of Ti-6Al-4V Plates
Authors: Lister Samuel , Graham Simon , Pepper James , Simpson Craig , Adams Nigel , Jackson Martin
Published: September 2023

Field Assisted Sintering Technology (FAST) is a powder consolidation technique which is growing in popularity due its short, single-step processing cycles. However, as the process matures, more focus is being placed on the production of larger cylindrical samples (both axially and radially). For the process to be economical in production, there is also a drive towards multi-part processing via serial stacking/parallel processing. In both cases, there is the potential for substantial thermal gradients within the sample/stack which could negatively impact part properties. In this work the effect of the thermal gradient (axial and radial), in a stack of eight 120 mm diameter Ti-6Al-4V plates processed in series, has been studied experimentally via microstructural assessment and Vickers hardness measurements. Results were compared with the thermal profile simulated using COMSOL multi-physics modelling software. The successful production of a tall 85 mm height x 120 mm diameter sample is also demonstrated.
Effect Of WC Grain Size On The Binder Corrosion Behaviour Of WC-Co Cemented Carbide In Acidic, Neutral And Alkaline Media
Authors: Cinca Núria , Nunes Peres Riberto , Tarrés Elena , Lavigne Olivier , Vicente Benedetti Assis
Published: September 2023

The effect of the WC grain size on the corrosion resistance of cemented carbides is not well established in the literature. In this study, the electrochemical behaviour of WC-12wt.%Co hard materials with various starting grain sizes (ultrafine, fine, and medium) were evaluated in aerated 3.5 wt.% NaCl media as well as 0.1M NaOH and 0.1M H2SO4, by means of electrochemical techniques (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, EIS, and polarization scans). Results showed that the corrosion resistance of the material is slightly dependant on the WC grain size. Based on EIS results, the corrosion resistance of the material in acidic media slightly increases when decreasing the WC grain size, while an inverse trend is observed in alkaline media. This is due to the inherent heterogeneity of the two-phase nature of these materials.
Introduction of Advanced Lubricants into Serial Production Processes
Authors: Wimbert Lars , Lindsley Bruce , McQuaig Kylan , Bon Rich , Howie Jeff
Published: September 2023

Modern compaction lubricants must address a wide range of key properties through the entire powder metallurgical process flow. These include not only compaction density requirement but also the ability to mix uniformly at scale, good powder flow and fill in powder premixes, ejection, compaction as well as clean burn-off during sintering. Modern lubricant developments, such as AncorLube LV, provide excellent processability in all process steps and are far more clean-burning and environmentally friendly as previous materials. This lubricant has now been used in several production settings and new applications for an extended period with positive results. The benefits and opportunities of using advanced lubricants will be discussed in this paper for various parts geometries and powder compositions with respect to the whole PM process chain.