bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Unique Civil Engineering Capstone Design Course
Authors: Padmanabhan G , Katti Dinesh , Khan Eakalk , Peloubet Francis , Leelaruban Navaratnam
Published: February 2018

The North Dakota State University, USA, capstone course was developed as a unique model in response to the effort of the Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology, USA, to streamline and improve design instruction in the curriculum and has steadily evolved to keep pace with the ever-changing technology and the expectations of the profession and the society we serve. A capstone design course by definition should be a design experience for students in the final year before graduation integrating all major design concepts they have learned up until then in the program. Carefully chosen real world projects with design content in all sub-disciplines of civil engineering are assigned in this team-taught course. Faculty and practicing professionals make presentations on design process; project management; leadership in an engineering environment; and public policy; global perspectives in engineering; and professional career and licensure. Practicing professionals also critique the final student presentations. Students work in teams with number of faculty serving as technical consultants, and a faculty mentor for each team to provide non-technical guidance and direction. The course requires students to demonstrate mastery of the curriculum and to work with others in a team environment. Course assessment includes evaluation of the final design, presentations, written technical reports, project design schedule, a project design journal, and reaction papers.
MIOT Framework, General Purpose Internet of Things Gateway using Smartphone
Authors: Sahidi Toni Tegar , Basuki Achmad , Tolle Herman
Published: February 2018

Internet of things (IoT) is a complex system with few best practices in building ones, especially on handling real-time communication between IoT devices to the Internet. A framework is often used to fasten building IoT system. This paper present Mobile Internet of Things (MIOT), a framework which use a smartphone as the main component to handle communication between IoT device and the internet. A smartphone is used as the communication gateway (relay) for IoT devices and not as the IoT controller as in common Smartphone-IoT approach. For evaluation purpose, two implementations of IoT prototype scenario is built, an environmental monitoring and a remote controller (RC) car. The experiment shows a quick and easy deployment of IoT system. The Environment Monitoring able to send data to the server in real-time, and control The RC Car with a reasonable response time.The experiment on 200 ms interval between each packet, shows that MIOT Framework has round-trip latency between MIOT Server and IoT hardware for â‰ˆ 88.007 ms. The addition of smartphone as the main component in the framework (MIOT Apps) contribute to additional latency â‰ˆ 13.145 ms. Using a Smartphone as a gateway for IoT in MIOT Framework is possible and promising. It can be used as a best practice to develop a reliable IoT system which reduces time, effort, and learning overhead on building IoT systems.
Electronic Architecture for a Mobile Manipulator
Authors: Aviles Oscar , Mauledoux Monroy Mauricio Felipe , Rubiano Oscar
Published: February 2018

A mobile manipulator is a robotic system consisting of a mobile platform on which a manipulator arm is mounted, allowing the robotic system to perform locomotion and manipulation tasks simultaneously. A mobile manipulator has several advantages over a robot manipulator which is fixed, the main advantage is a larger workspace. The robots manipulators are oriented to work collaboratively with the human being in tasks that simultaneously require mobility and ability to interact with the environment through the manipulation of objects. This article will present the electronic design for a mobile robot manipulator with five degrees of freedom and a 6-wheel traction with four of these directional.
A Quasi-Experimental Design to Evaluate the Use of PythonTutor on Programming Laboratory Session
Authors: Karnalim Oscar , Ayub Mewati
Published: February 2018

Abstract—Educational tool is one of the prominent solutions for aiding students to learn course material in Information Technology (IT) domain. However, most of them are not used in practice since they do not properly fit student necessity. This paper evaluates the impact of an educational tool, namely PythonTutor, for completing programming laboratory task regarding data structure materials. Such evaluation will be conducted in one semester by implementing a quasi-experimental design. As a result, six findings can be deducted which are: 1) PythonTutor might positively affect student performance when the students have used such tool before; 2) Sometimes, student perspective regarding the impact of educational tool is not always in-sync with actual laboratory result; 3) the impact of PythonTutor might be improved when similar data representation is used consequently for several weeks; 4) the correlation between the use of PythonTutor and student performance might not be significant when the control and intervened group share completely different characteristics; 5) the students might experience some difficulties when they are asked to handle a big task for the first time; and 6) the students might be able to complete a particular weekly task with a promising result if the students have understood the material well.
Security Optimization of Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Cloud Platform
Authors: Shi Rong , Xi Wang
Published: February 2018

In order to improve the security of wireless sensor network, the trust model of wireless sensor network based on cloud theory is established. The similarity comparison algorithm is introduced. Trust is expressed as a quantitative value. The new update function is designed to make the acquisition of trust more reasonable. In the research method and algorithm design, the wireless sensor network is different from the traditional network security. The balance problem of wireless sensor network security in algorithm computing strength and security intensity is studied. The results show that the trust model has good robustness. It can identify the malicious nodes accurately and quickly, and prevent the network from being destroyed. Therefore, the idea of cloud theory can effectively improve the security of the network.
Adapting English for the specific purpose of tourism: A study of communication strategies in face-to-face encounters in a French tourist office
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: February 2018

L’objectif de cet article est de proposer un premier pas vers l’étude de l’anglais du tourisme international. Le tourisme constitue l’une des plus grandes industries du monde mais l’exploitation de l’anglais par des locuteurs non-natifs dans des interactions en face-à-face dans ce contexte reste relativement peu explorée. Cet article vise à montrer comment les locuteurs co-construisent du sens en anglais. Ce travail s’appuie sur l’analyse de données interactionnelles issues d’un travail de terrain ethnographique entrepris à l’Office de tourisme et des congrès de Marseille (France). Il apparaît que les locuteurs emploient certaines stratégies discursives et pragmatiques afin d’élaborer un terrain d’entente nécessaire pour l’intercompréhension. Trois stratégies dominent – la co-construction d’énoncés, la répétition et la reformulation – et elles contribuent en outre à la co-construction du sens et à l’élaboration pratique et sémiotique de l’expérience touristique. Ces résultats sont enfin appliqués à la recherche en anglais de spécialité et à de possibles applications pédagogiques.
Socialismo del siglo XXI y neoliberalismo. Opciones ideológicas diversas no siempre tienen efectos diferentes
Authors: Eguren Fernando
Published: February 2018

En este ensayo se pretende mostrar que las políticas que se derivan de opciones ideológicas distintas no necesariamente tienen efectos tan diferentes. En la región andina, los gobiernos de Rafael Correa, en Ecuador, y de Evo Morales, en Bolivia, asumieron el «socialismo del siglo XXI» como referente, mientras que los gobiernos de Colombia y Perú orientaron sus opciones políticas hacia el neoliberalismo y el Consenso de Washington. Sin embargo, en dos temas de gran importancia, como el tratamiento a los procesos de concentración de la propiedad de la tierra y el tratamiento a las poblaciones indígenas, el comportamiento de los dos grupos de países no ha tenido resultados muy diferentes. La incorporación de los países al proceso de globalización permite variaciones en la mayor o menor radicalidad de los discursos políticos de los gobiernos, pero es mucho menos tolerante con el grado de autonomía que los gobiernos tienen para implementarlos. Por otro lado, los conflictos sociales internos también ponen límites a los márgenes que tienen los Estados para implementar sus políticas.
Importance of Big Data and Hadoop in E-Servicing
Authors: Shankar Karthiga , R. Suganya
Published: February 2018

Consumers are spending more and more time on the web to search information and receive e-services. E-commerce, e-government, e-business, e-learning, e-science, etc. reflect the growing importance of the web in all aspects of our lives. Along with the tremendous growth of online information, the use of big data has become a vital force in growing revenues. Consumers are today shopping multiple products across multiple channels online. This transformation is substantial and many of the e-commerce companies have now turned to big data analytics for focused customer group targeting using opinion mining for evaluating campaign strategies and maintaining a competitive advantage, especially during the festive shopping season. So, the role of intelligent techniques in e-servicing is massive. This chapter focuses on the importance of big data (since there is a large volume of data online) and big data analytics in the field of e-servicing and explains the various applications, platforms to implement the big data applications, and security issues in the era of big data and e-servicing.
Enterprise Information Systems and Digital Marketing
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: February 2018

With the support of modern technologies, enterprise information systems (EISs) and digital marketing are the significant approaches in modern business and can lead to the establishment of a consolidated business system toward improving the business performance. EISs and digital marketing are related to enterprise resource planning (ERP), electronic commerce (e-commerce), cloud computing, and social media platforms. EISs and digital marketing help modern businesses gain the rapid access to the mass market at an affordable price, increase business profit, and attract new customers in a timely and effective manner. EISs and digital marketing allow managers and executives to establish their profitable strategies and to find various business opportunities in the competitive business environments.
A Comparative Assessment of Enterprise Content Management Maturity Models
Authors: Katuu Shadrack
Published: February 2018

There is increasing interest in maturity models dating back to the 1980s. A maturity model is a management tool designed to help organizations implement effective processes in a given management discipline. This chapter provides comparative assessment of three enterprise content management (ECM) maturity models that have been developed and implemented in different parts of the world. While the maturity model concept has existed for several decades, ECM maturity models are a more recent phenomenon. This study explores the theoretical foundations and functionality drawing lessons that could contribute to future developments. It outlines a history of maturity models and describes three ECM models developed in different parts of the world and compares the different levels and dimensions of maturity levels within the models. The chapter demonstrates that the different maturity models have varied naming conventions, different levels of complexity, and vary in the approach to maturity assessment.
Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sonam  , Khari Manju
Published: February 2018

This chapter describes how as world is switching from wired communication to wireless communication, the need of a wireless sensor network (WSN) is increasing. WSNs became very popular due to its wide applications. A WSN is a network of small-in-size sensor nodes which are densely deployed for monitoring a chosen environment. In WSNs, each sensor node detects data and sends it to the base station. These sensor nodes have four basic duties, consisting of sensing, computation, transmission and power. Due to the small size, these sensor nodes are more constrained in terms of computational energy and storage resources. Energy awareness is also an essential design issue for routing protocols in WSNs. The focus of this chapter is to provide an overview of WSNs. In addition, this chapter describes the components of WSNs, its challenges and the classifications of WSNs. This chapter compares the results of LEACH, SEP and TEEN protocols.
Artificial Intelligence Based Intrusion Detection System to Detect Flooding Attack in VANETs
Authors: Aneja Mannat Jot Singh , Bhatia Tarunpreet , Sharma Gaurav , Shrivastava Gulshan
Published: February 2018

This chapter describes how Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) are classes of ad hoc networks that provides communication among various vehicles and roadside units. VANETs being decentralized are susceptible to many security attacks. A flooding attack is one of the major security threats to the VANET environment. This chapter proposes a hybrid Intrusion Detection System which improves accuracy and other performance metrics using Artificial Neural Networks as a classification engine and a genetic algorithm as an optimization engine for feature subset selection. These performance metrics have been calculated in two scenarios, namely misuse and anomaly. Various performance metrics are calculated and compared with other researchers' work. The results obtained indicate a high accuracy and precision and negligible false alarm rate. These performance metrics are used to evaluate the intrusion system and compare with other existing algorithms. The classifier works well for multiple malicious nodes. Apart from machine learning techniques, the effect of the network parameters like throughput and packet delivery ratio is observed.
Cyber Crime Toolkit Development
Authors: R. Aarthee , D. Ezhilmaran
Published: February 2018

This chapter describes how cybercrime, likewise called computer crime, is any illicit activity that includes a PC or system associated gadget. While numerous magnificent items have been produced to secure our information correspondence frameworks, these items must be upgraded significantly more. What is additionally required more are the individuals who know how to explore PC network security episodes and the individuals who have both investigative gifts and specialized knowledge of how the internet truly functions. This allows for an investigative structure which can withstand attack, alongside information of how the internet functions and the instruments to examine cybercrime apparatus to tell the who, where, what, when, why, and how. Cybercrime apparatus make our work substantially more productive.
On Creating Digital Evidence in IP Networks With NetTrack
Authors: Berbecaru Diana
Published: February 2018

Computer forensic is the practice of collecting, analyzing, and reporting digital evidence in a way that is legally admissible in open court. Network forensics, an offset of computer forensic, is mainly concerned with the monitoring and analysis of network traffic, both local and WAN/internet, in order to identify security incidents and to investigate fraud or network misuse. In this chapter, the authors discuss challenges in creating high-speed network forensic tools and propose NetTrack, a tamper-proof device aimed to produce evidences with probative value via digital signatures for the network traffic. Since digitally signing each IP packet is not efficient, the authors used a specific technique exploiting the Merkle trees to create digital signatures for flows and multicasts and implemented it by using an optimized algorithm for Merkle tree traversal to save space and time. Through experiments, the authors show NetTrack signing is fast as it can produce digital evidence within a short time.
Digital Forensics in Distributed Environment
Authors: Joseph Asha , Singh K. John
Published: February 2018

This chapter is about an ongoing implementation of a digital forensic framework that could be used with standalone systems as well as in distributed environments, including cloud systems. It is oriented towards combining concepts of cyber forensics and security frameworks in operating systems. The framework consists of kernel mechanisms for data and event monitoring. The system monitoring is done in kernel mode by various kernel modules and forensic model mapping is done in user mode using the data collected by those kernel modules. Further, the authors propose a crime model mapping mechanism that makes use of rule sets that are derived from common cyber/digital crime patterns. The decision-making algorithm can be easily extended from a node in a computing cluster, to a cloud. The authors discuss the challenges to digital forensics in distributed environment and cloud extensions and provide some case studies where the proposed framework is applied.
Impact of Big Data on Security
Authors: Ramani Kasarapu
Published: February 2018

Big data has great commercial importance to major businesses, but security and privacy challenges are also daunting this storage, processing, and communication. Big data encapsulate organizations' most important and sensitive data with multi-level complex implementation. The challenge for any organization is securing access to the data while allowing end user to extract valuable insights. Unregulated access privileges to the big data leads to loss or theft of valuable and sensitive. Privilege escalation leads to insider threats. Also, the computing architecture of big data is not focusing on session recording; therefore, it is becoming a challenge to identify potential security issues and to take remedial and mitigation mechanisms. Therefore, various big data security issues and their defense mechanisms are discussed in this chapter.
Bitcoin
Authors: Ahmad Feroz Ahmad , Kumar Prashant , Shrivastava Gulshan , Bouhlel Med Salim
Published: February 2018

In this chapter, a digital decentralized cryptocurrency system where transactions are secured by cryptography and are independent of any centralized third party is discussed. The different characteristics of bitcoins and how transactions occur between two bitcoin users along with some facts and examples are also discussed. The rapid internet development facilitates cyber-attacks to all type of online transactions and also to bitcoin network transactions. Some security issues are also discussed in the chapter along with the cyber-crimes and their punishments.
Imagination and the Phenomenology of Virtual Practice
Authors: Doyle Denise
Published: February 2018

The experience of creating in technology-mediated spaces through an avatar form brings the phenomenological experience of the body into the act of creating itself. Ways of explaining this creative process and its relationship to imaginative experience highlights a phenomenology of virtual practice of artists working in this realm. This chapter explores the phenomenology of the imagination in relation to embodied experience and considers the implications of phenomenology as a methodological approach and presents the case for investigating artistic and imaginative experience through adapting phenomenological research methods.
Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture and Food Security
Authors: Londhe Sunil
Published: February 2018

Many studies have demonstrated the sensitivities of crop yield to a changing climate, a major challenge for the agricultural research community is to relate these findings to the wider societal concern with food security. Apart from few exceptions, the likely impacts of climate change on agricultural sector in the future are not understood in any great depth. There are many concerns as to how changes in temperature, rainfall and atmospheric Carbon Dioxide concentrations will interact in relation to agricultural productivity. The present article is an attempt to distil about the likely effects of climate change on food security and nutrition in coming decades. The consequences of climate change on various important aspects of agriculture are discussed and summarized. The article also discusses the analysis on the possible mitigation measures and adaptations for agriculture production in the future climate change scenarios.
NGO Roles in Promoting Climate Change Awareness Through Environmental Education
Authors: Pashollari Ediola
Published: February 2018

As the climate continues to deteriorate, government agencies and NGOs alike try their possible best to figure out ways to turn the tables around and fight the issue. While government helps to draft policies, implement laws that help to curb it, the major strategic publications and public awareness lies on the shoulders of NGOs for proper execution of the bottom-top public awareness. This report tends to explore, discuss and pinpoint ways NGOs can play a strategic important role in the promotion of public education and awareness of the changes in the climatic conditions of our society.
New Approach Based on Termite's Hill Building for Prediction of Successful Simulations in Climate Models
Authors: Rahmani Mohamed Elhadi , Amine Abdelmalek , Hamou Reda Mohamed
Published: February 2018

Quantitative analysis of the failures and crashes in simulation of climate models can yield useful insights to better understanding and improvement of the models results using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) class. In this paper, the authors propose a new technique inspired by termite's hill building behavior to analyze a series of simulation in climate models and predict which one was succeeded within the Parallel Ocean Program (POP2) component of the community Climate System Model (CCSM4). The authors' approach is a distance based approach used to predict the success of the values of 18 POP2 parameters. And in order to predict better results, they used for each experiment one of the studies as a training set and two as a test set, then they used two of the studies as a training set and one as a test set. Results of classification were very satisfactory (Accuracy > 0.87). This paper gives a very useful method to quantify, predict, and understand simulation success in climate models.
The Role of Eco-Municipalities in Climate Change for a Sustainable Future
Authors: Bostanci Seda H. , Albayrak Ayse Nur
Published: February 2018

Creating a sustainable future for cities is a critical issue worldwide and municipalities help shape cities from different perspectives. An eco-municipality is a governance strategy and holistic approach to creating sustainable communities and development. The sustainable strategies and projects of these municipalities mostly focus on public participation mechanisms, creating and building renewable energy sources, and designing healthy and green cities. The aim of this chapter is to examine the status of the strongly connected studies concerning global climate change and the eco-municipality model. In this regard, the projects and strategies of Nordic countries which have been pioneers in eco-municipalities and the studies of Turkish municipalities which have recently taken action to develop integrated environmental approaches will be discussed. In addition, an evaluation of projects and strategies of local governments in Turkey relevant to climate change will be critiqued.
Towards a More Gender-Inclusive Climate Change Policy
Authors: Kabir Farah
Published: February 2018

Climate change is a reality, and poses a serious long term threat to society and to the environment. Much has been written on the negative effects of climate change across the globe focusing on the greater vulnerability of least developed countries and developing countries. Numerous studies back up the argument that “countries that are most vulnerable to the effects of climate change tend to be poorer with a wider gender gap. In contrast, countries that rank high in environmental performance and gender equality, are among the richest nations of the world” (Samy, 2011, p. 100). Women are often denied of their basic rights due to discriminatory social practices and gender blind policies. Impacts of climate change affect life and livelihood of women, and diverse work responsibilities of women augment their exposure to climate hazards. Due to less access or rights to financial and productive resources, information and services that may help them cope with impacts of stresses and shocks, are not present as a result of the gaps in policies, development agendas, thus leaving women in a greater vulnerable condition. Primarily, these are the reasons slowing the progress on achieving overall gender equality. The objective of this paper is to look at the Post 2015 Arrangements. These are numerous international frameworks and agreements ie SFDRR, SDG and the Paris Agreement, that will determine sustainable development for humanitarian response and climate politics as well as policies for the next fifteen years. They focus on development from a climate change and gender equality point of view, in particular how the policies are enabling ‘gender equality', taking common but differentiated responsibilities, and equity, justice and fairness as principles.
Indian National Strategy for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
Authors: Khanna B. K.
Published: February 2018

India is a growing economy and has to sustain its economic growth, despite challenges of climate change. India's vision is to create a prosperous, self-sustaining economy, mindful of responsibilities to both present and future generations. It is committed to engage in multilateral negotiations in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in a positive, constructive and forward looking manner. India needed to formulate a national strategy to adapt to climate change and to further enhance the ecological sustainability of its development path based on its unique resource endowments, overriding priority of economic and social development and poverty eradication. This chapter explains the principles on which the National Action Plan on Climate Change is based, the approach adopted and provides details of eight missions, which form the core of the National Action Plan. The status of actions taken on each of the eight missions and other initiatives and the way forward has also been elaborated.
Household Characteristics and Saving Motives
Authors: Haider Sajid , Ahmed Munir , de Pablos Carmen , Latif Aasma
Published: February 2018

The main objective of this study was to examine the likelihood of household savings in relation to their characteristics, and analyze whether households move to upper level in hierarchy of saving motives as described in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory. This research used primary data by using a questionnaire with six categories of saving motives—daily expenses, emergency motives, major purchases, retirement, children, and investment. Multinomial logistic regression was used to test the relationship between household characteristics and saving motives. The results indicate that households with different characteristics save for different motives, and a change in household characteristics causes movement in the hierarchy of saving motives. Lower income households save for lower level needs i.e. daily expenses, while high income households save for higher needs such as investment. Savings for children was reported as the most important saving motive and existed in almost all income groups. Results have implications for policy makers and professional in behavioral finance.
Progressive Scrambling for Social Media
Authors: Yan Wei Qi , Wu Xiaotian , Liu Feng
Published: February 2018

Despite research work achieving progress in preserving the privacy of user profiles and visual surveillance, correcting problems in social media have not taken a great step. The reason is the lack of effective modelling, computational algorithms, and resultant evaluations in quantitative research. In this article, the authors take social media into consideration and link users together under the umbrella of social networks so as to exploit a way that the potential problems related to media privacy could be solved. The author's contributions are to propose tensor product-based progressive scrambling approaches for privacy preservation of social media and apply our approaches to the given social media which may encapsulate privacy before being viewed so as to achieve the goal of privacy preservation in anonymity, diverse and closeness. These approaches fully preserve the media information of the scrambled image and make sure it is able to be restored. The results show the proposed privacy persevering approaches are effective and have outstanding performance in media privacy preservation.
Reliable and Efficient Data Communication Protocol for WBAN-Based Healthcare Systems
Authors: Yessad Nawel , Omar Mawloud
Published: February 2018

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) become very attractive in the research community area and are getting growing interest because of their suitability for medical applications. They are designed such, they can be located on, in or around the patient body and are used to monitor medical signs and forward them to medical servers. Proficient energy and Quality of Service (QoS) are the main requirements for a dependable design in a such networks. In this article, the authors propose a reliable and power efficient routing approach for healthcare systems with the aim to balance the trade-off between the QoS requirements and the energy consumption. Their approach operates in an efficient computation way, where the sink device manages the routing paths avoiding the sensors to be involved in computation and consequently on the energy consumption. They conducted intensive simulations and the obtained results show that Their approach offers effective results in terms of transmission load, response time and energy consumption.
Temperature-Aware Routing Using Secondary Sink in Wireless Body Area Sensor Network
Authors: Jain Sweta , Singh Anurag
Published: February 2018

Wireless Body Area Sensor Network (WBASN) is a developing application of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) which is very useful in diagnosis of human health remotely. Tiny and smart sensors are placed inside or outside of human body which collects useful data time to time from various parts of body and send it to the corresponding medical staff or doctor. In the future, WBASN will surely make a huge change in traditional health monitoring system and will be helpful for elderly people and patients who suffer from difficult physical mobility. WBASN have many challenges while its design and one of main challenge is controlling temperature rise of sensor node during routing when placed inside human body because temperature rise beyond certain limit will be harmful for human body. The study of controlling temperature rise of sensor nodes during data routing comes under the category of Temperature Aware Routing Protocols. In this article the authors have raised a problem called “Energy Hole Problem” under Temperature Aware Routing Protocols which affects the performance of a network.
Who Spends the Highest Penny in Online Shopping?
Authors: Kalia Prateek
Published: February 2018

After familiarisation of masses with online shopping, online retailers aim to encourage e-shoppers to spend more. However, lack of research and literature related to this specific issue, make marketers look for reliable and accurate information to segment, target and position their products to most profitable customer. This article addresses this problem by answering two specific questions: (1) what are the demographic factors which affect annual online expenditure and, (2) what is the highest amount spent in single transaction by an e-shopper. Analysis of data collected through web survey of 308 e-shoppers revealed significant association between annual online expenditure and demographic factors like city of residence, age, gender and occupation. Similarly, association was found between highest amount spent in a single transaction and the demographic factors like age, gender, occupation and marital status. Subsequent chi-square post-hoc test via a standard residual method revealed some surprising results. For example, the highest online expenditure slab for annual expenditure done among different occupational categories was by students and servicemen contributing significantly to the omnibus chi-square statistics instead of the business class category.
Taxonomy of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks and Defense Mechanisms in Present Era of Smartphone Devices
Authors: Sharma Kavita , Gupta B. B.
Published: February 2018

This article describes how in the summer of 1999, the Computer Incident Advisory Capability first reported about Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack incidents and the nature of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks in a distributed environment that eliminates the availability of resources or data on a computer network. DDoS attack exhausts the network resources and disturbs the legitimate user. This article provides an explanation on DDoS attacks and nature of these attacks against Smartphones and Wi-Fi Technology and presents a taxonomy of various defense mechanisms. The smartphone is chosen for this study, as they have now become a necessity rather than a luxury item for the common people.
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Neighborhood Rough Set Model for Feature Selection
Authors: Shreevastava Shivam , Tiwari Anoop Kumar , Som Tanmoy
Published: February 2018

Feature selection is one of the widely used pre-processing techniques to deal with large data sets. In this context, rough set theory has been successfully implemented for feature selection of discrete data set but in case of continuous data set it requires discretization, which may cause information loss. Fuzzy rough set theory approaches have also been used successfully to resolve this issue as it can handle continuous data directly. Moreover, almost all feature selection techniques are used to handle homogeneous data set. In this article, the center of attraction is on heterogeneous feature subset reduction. A novel intuitionistic fuzzy neighborhood models have been proposed by combining intuitionistic fuzzy sets and neighborhood rough set models by taking an appropriate pair of lower and upper approximations and generalize it for feature selection, supported with theory and its validation. An appropriate algorithm along with application to a data set has been added.
An Improvised Framework for Privacy Preservation in IoT
Authors: Hussain Muzzammil , Kaliya Neha
Published: February 2018

Data privacy is now-a-days a special issue in era of Internet of Things because of the big data stored and transmitted by the public/private devices. Different types and levels of privacy can be provided at different layers of IoT architecture, also different mechanisms operate at different layers of IoT architecture. This article presents the work being done towards the design of a generic framework to integrate these privacy preserving mechanisms at different layers of IoT architecture and can ensure privacy preservation in a heterogeneous IoT environment. The data is classified into different levels of secrecy and appropriate rules and mechanisms are applied to ensure this privacy. The proposed framework is implemented and evaluated for its performance with security and execution time or primary parameters. Various scenarios are also evaluated, and a comparison is done with an existing mechanism ABE (Attribute Based Encryption). It has been found that the proposed work takes less time and is more secure due to short key length and randomness of the parameters used in encryption algorithm.
Knowledge Discovery From Vernacular Expressions
Authors: Bele Nishikant , Panigrahi Prabin Kumar , Srivastava Shashi Kant
Published: February 2018

This article describes how knowledge discovery is a frontier research issue of knowledge management, and social media provides an opportunity for knowledge discovery that was at no other time as virtuous as the present. Despite the fact that, the articulations in national dialects via web-based networking media is mounting day by day. This discovery endeavor in regional languages is rare. The usage of Hindi, the Indian National language, is also observing the similar trend. Any expression in social media contains multiple features. Discovering the hidden sentiments behind these features have wider functions. This article is the first attempt to mine the opinion at the features level in the Hindi language. The principle contribution of this article is the development of context specific corpus in the Hindi language. Based on this corpus authors extract the sentiments on one of the prominent leader of India at the feature level. Opinion mining conclusion based on present work is reproduced likewise in the subsequent election results.
Base Isolation Design of Steel Structures on Soft Soil
Authors: Corbi Ileana , Corbi Ottavia
Published: February 2018

Base Isolation systems have been implemented on civil engineering structures subject to earthquakes worldwide for a number of years because of their simplicity, reliability, and effectiveness; passive isolators usually consist of members located in between the foundations and the super-structure and characterised by high damping capacity and relatively low stiffness. Devices are available typically coupling elements endowed with large translating deformability, mainly aimed at shifting the structural frequency band, with components devoted to dissipate and/or absorb the filtered transmitted energy. Although characterized by stability and low energy demand, BI devices are limited in their ability to adapt themselves to changing demands for structure response reduction. The performance of such devices may fail expectations under special, like in case of soft soil, or unexpected conditions, and, in order to optimize the overall performance of the control system, the isolated system should be embedded in a more complex system able to possibly activate some corrective actions. In the paper, with reference to steel structures, a strategy is outlined to this purpose, devoted to existing, or not, isolated constructions.
The Design of an Iconic 40-Storey Steel Composite Office Tower in Indonesia with a High Seismic Performance Level
Authors: Wijanto Sugeng , Andriono Takim , Wibawa Irawan , Setiawan Wendycahya
Published: February 2018

An iconic 40-storey steel composite office building with 6 basement levels is open for activity in end of 2017 in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia. The tower is located in one of the most active seismic zone in the world and also stands on a very deep soft soil layers of alluvial deposit.Steel composite structure was introduced in this building consisting of special steel moment frames, concrete-filled tubes for the perimeter columns, and the concrete core wall in the middle. Three floor levels of its basement use double deck lift car-parking system.This paper discusses the reasons behind the selection of the structural system and the use of advanced structural analyses and design methods. In addition the paper highlights how the Performance-Based Design considering the Risk-targeted Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCER) was carried out to satisfy the client requirement in reaching a seismic performance between Immediate Occupancy (IO) and Life Safety (LS) level.
Design Development of a Four-Story Strongback Braced Frame
Authors: Simpson Barbara , Mahin Stephen
Published: February 2018

Conventional braced frames tend to concentrate damage in one or a few stories during large earthquakes, indicative of “weak” or “soft” story behavior. To mitigate this behavior, several studies have proposed a modified braced frame, or “strongback”, that utilizes an essentially elastic vertical steel truss to impose a uniform drift distribution. While a subassemblage experimental test and past numerical studies have shown that the strongback system can successfully delay or prevent weak or soft story behavior, the dynamic behavior of this system has not been systematically assessed or evaluated. This study defines the design space for a four-story strongback system. The ability of the strongback to mitigate weak story behavior under a far-field suite of ground motions was assessed using the performance-based methodology in FEMA P695.
Seismic Design, Analysis and Testing of a Friction Steel Braced Frame System for Multi-Storey Buildings in Vancouver
Authors: Tirca Lucia , Serban Ovidiu , Tremblay Robert , Jiang Yan , Chen Liang
Published: February 2018

This article describes the application of the Friction Braced Frames (FBF) system for 4-and 10-storey buildings located in Vancouver, BC, in Canada. The FBF is coupled with a secondary moment resisting frame that provides back-up elastic stiffness and re-centring capacity that contribute to reduce storey drifts and more evenly distribute seismic energy dissipation over the frame height. In this study, the energy dissipation components consist of Pall friction devices and the system was designed using a conventional force-based method. The moment frame was proportioned to remain essentially elastic under the design seismic displacements. The seismic response of the system is examined through nonlinear response history dynamic analysis. An exhaustive test program was developed to verify the capacity of the system to sustain the anticipated seismic demand. Full-scale testing was performed on brace sub-assemblages and individual brace specimens equipped with friction elements. The experimental program included full-scale dynamic testing under real-time seismic displacement histories as obtained from response history analysis. The numerical simulations and test program showed that the dual FBF system represents an effective system for enhanced seismic response of multi-storey building applications in high seismic regions.
Seismic Retrofitting of Eccentrically Braced Frames by Rocking Walls and Viscous Dampers
Authors: Barbagallo Francesca , Bosco Melina , Ghersi Aurelio , Marino Edoardo Michele , Rossi Pier Paolo
Published: February 2018

A design procedure for seismic retrofitting of eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) by rocking walls and viscous dampers is proposed. The design procedure is founded on the displacement-based approach. The top displacement capacity of the building is evaluated based on the displacement ductility capacity of links and on a rigid lateral deformed configuration of the structure promoted by the rocking walls. The equivalent viscous damping ratio capacity of the EBFs with rocking walls is calculated by semi-empirical relationships specifically calibrated for EBFs with links characterized by mechanical length lower than 2.0. Additional damping is provided by linear viscous dampers. The design internal forces of the rocking walls are evaluated based on the seismic effects of more than one mode of vibration. The effectiveness of the design procedure is verified by means of a case study.
Seismic Repair by Cover Plate to the Damaged RHS Column with Strength Deterioration due to the Local Buckling
Authors: Kishiki Shoichi , Nakada Shotaro , Lin Guan Hong
Published: February 2018

From lessons learned after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, it is clear that the quick procurement of an emergency public shelter and restoration of the city function are very important in the event of a disaster. This paper focuses on effects of the seismic repair to the residual out-of-plane deformations in local buckling region of steel column. The major findings obtained from the test are summarized as follows: (1) the RA repair method brought the strength recovery from the residual strength and the maximum strength is larger than the original one; (2) RF and RW repair methods also brought the strength recovery from the residual strength, however, the maximum strength is roughly same to the plastic moment of the original column.
From Design to Earthquake Loss Assessment of Steel Moment-Resisting Frames
Authors: Macedo Luís , Silva Antonio , Castro José Miguel
Published: February 2018

Steel moment-resisting frames (MRFs) are well known for their ductile and stable hysteretic behaviour. For this reason, they are an attractive and effective structural system for seismic resistance. Current seismic design codes, namely Eurocode 8, provide system performance factors that should be used in the seismic design under different ductility classes. However, recent research studies have shown that the use of the code-prescribed performance factors lead to stiffer and heavier structural solutions that are not consistent with the performance-based design assumptions. A new methodology, Improved Force-Based Design (IFBD), has recently been proposed with the aim of a more rational determination of the adopted value of the behaviour factor, q, instead of using the upper bound reference values provided by the design code. This paper investigates if the obtained values of q for both EC8 and IFBD concerning steel MRFs are not only adequate, but also provide sufficient margins against collapse under maximum considered earthquake (MCE) ground motions. To this end, the methodology proposed in FEMA P695 was used. Additionally, the expected direct economic seismic losses are computed according to the PEER-PBEE methodology.
Seismic Requirements for the Welding and Inspection of the K-Area in Hot Rolled Products to AS/NZS 3679.1
Authors: Karpenko Michail , McClintock Alan , Helms Marlon , Heinzel Holger
Published: February 2018

Hot-rolled products such as beams are usually subject to rotary straightening as a last step in the manufacturing process. This operation may change the properties of the plastically deformed area by strain hardening. The affected regions of the beam are referred to as the “k-area”, as shown in Figure 1. Strain hardening reduces the ductility and notch toughness of the steel and can potentially lead to cracking in the k-area when welding is carried out in restrained conditions e.g. addition of stiffeners by welding. The phenomenon was reported for wide flange beams in the US literature in the 1990s. Welding limitations and increased inspection requirements in these areas were introduced to AISC and AWS D1.8 codes [1]. Similar requirements can be found in New Zealand Standard NZS 3404.1 [2]. However, it is unclear if steel products used in New Zealand are affected by this phenomenon. A series of welding and performance tests were carried out at HERA using hot rolled products UB610, UC310, UB310 and UC200 of material grade 300S0 to AS/NZS 3679.1 [3]. The material is commonly used in New Zealand for seismic construction. Welded test specimens were subject to a range of testing, including mechanical and cold cracking susceptibility tests. Test setup and results are reported in the paper. The authors present recommendations for future standard developments.