bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Drillstring Vibration Cyclic Loads on Wellbore Stability
Authors: Khaled Mohamed Shafik , Shokir Eissa M
Published: February 2017

Wellbore instability resulted in the largest percentage of non-productive time (NPT) during drilling stage in oil industry. Wellbore instability during drilling includes: wellbore pack-off, excessive torque and drag, blowout, stuck pipe and other related well problems. Many studies assumed that wellbore instability problems were due to physical and chemical interactions between rocks and drilling fluid; and neglected impact of drillstring vibration on wellbore stability. Drillstring vibration is usually mitigated while drilling not for wellbore stability issues; but to prevent drillstring fatigue and downhole tools failure by not exceeding vibration operation limits for drillstring. This work aims to develop a new approach studies the impact of drillstring vibration on wellbore stability by analyzing different rock failure mechanisms can happen to wellbore due to drillstring vibration; and computing drillstring vibration limits (acceleration values) that can collapse wellbore.

Rock failure mechanisms and drillstring dynamic behavior while vibration was studied to understand consequences happened due to drillstring collision with wellbore. Authors innovated a new model to predict drillstring vibration hotspots values that can collapse wellbore.

Results show that drillstring vibration can collapse wellbore by three failure mechanisms: a- when drillstring vibration applies stresses above rock strength, rock compressive failure will take place; b- if drillstring vibration applies repeated cyclic loads on rock continuously; rock fatigue will occur; c- when cyclic loads on rock are not strong enough to cause rock failure; rock fatigue will reduce rock strength and lead to rock shear failure. Model computes drillstring acceleration values that can fail wellbore by these failure mechanisms; and calculates mud weight needed to prevent rock shear failure before and after reduction in rock strength due to rock fatigue.

Model outputs must be compared with drillstring vibration operation limits; and the lower value must be used as a boundary limit for drillstring vibration while drilling to prevent wellbore collapse and drillstring failure. These will make model results used as an early detector for harmful drillstring vibration shocks on wellbore.
A Novel Compact and Controllable Inline Separator: Field and Laboratory Tests
Authors: Voogd Yoerik de , Liew Raoul , Bos Johanna , Ruijter Martijn , Willink Cornelis Tjeenk
Published: February 2017

The demand for cheaper oil and gas production is ever increasing. Because of this, the market forces the processing equipment, e.g. separators, to become more efficient, compact, and lighter in weight. At the same time, the flexibility of operation of this equipment cannot be compromised. A compact, controllable inline separator, the "SwirlSep", is developed to support the oil and gas production to be more efficient and cost effective.

Field tests with the SwirlSep as a demister/desander are presented. The tests primarily focus on the removal of liquids and sand from a gas well during well cleaning. Results show that the removal of liquids varies between 98% and over 99% at very low (0.6%) and higher (20%) pressure drop, respectively. The overall efficiency of solids removal was determined to be 99.4%. Impressive is that results were achieved with flows significantly lower compared to its design capacity (down to less than 21%).

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and laboratory experiments focus on flow stability and the performance of the SwirlSep during bulk separation. A CFD of bulk separation using the SwirlSep, in combination with experimental observations showed that the SwirlSep is a suitable technology to have optimum gas and liquid quality; not only as demister and desander, but also as bulk gas/liquid separator.
Seismic-Airborne TEM Joint Inversion and Surface Consistent Refraction Analysis: New Technologies for Complex Near Surface Corrections
Authors: Colombo Daniele , McNeice Gary , Rovetta Diego , Turkoglu Ersan , Sandoval-Curiel Ernesto , Sena Armando
Published: February 2017

We describe two novel technologies developed for seismic characterization of the complex near surface in Saudi Arabia. Current exploration efforts in the Arabian Peninsula are directed at the identification of low-relief structures and stratigraphic traps where most of the major structures (giant and supergiant reservoirs) have been already identified and are under production. The near surface in arid environments such as Saudi Arabia is affected by anomalies caused by karsting, sand dunes and wadis that introduce severe distortions in seismic wave propagation into the subsurface. These distortions cause apparent false structures in the final stacked image that can be erroneously drilled. Two technologies were recently developed by Saudi Aramco to be able to obtain reliable seismic images of deep and low-relief reservoirs. The technologies consist of helicopter-borne transient electromagnetics (HTEM) in joint inversion with seismic, and a novel surface consistent solution for statics using refracted waves named pQC (from the QC analysis of first break (FB) traveltimes: picks). The TEM technology is based on the transmission of a primary electromagnetic signal through a large moment magnetic dipole source and the reception of a secondary magnetic field deriving from the interaction of the primary field with the earth. The acquisition is performed with a helicopter allowing to acquire data with exceptional spatial density and speed. The velocity modeling of the near surface is obtained by in-house developed joint inversion algorithms allowing to integrate the high resolution TEM information into the velocity reconstruction of the near surface. The pQC technology consists of a surface consistent statics solution using refraction data. The high-resolution time delays are calculated by means of cross-correlation of early arrival waveforms that are inverted for surface consistent time delays. This method provides detailed images of the near surface time corrections in a fraction of the time needed by conventional workflows currently used in the seismic industry. The two newly developed technologies are applied to a complex wadi structure in central Saudi Arabia where conventional seismic data analysis approaches fail. The 3D TEM seismic joint inversion solves the long wavelength of the wadi structure while the high-resolution/medium wavelength time correction is obtained by pQC. The combined time corrections of the near surface enable accurate imaging of deep structures important for reserves evaluation. The joint inversion technology with airborne TEM acquisition systems and the surface consistent refraction analysis (pQC) provide innovative solutions for imaging low-relief structures in exploration and field development applications.
A System Dynamics Approach on Oil Market Modeling with Statistical Data Analysis
Authors: Rafieisakhaei Mohammadhussein , Barazandeh Babak , Afra Salar
Published: February 2017

Oil price is a determinant factor in many economic equations. The consistent growth of oil demand indicates the importance of petroleum products in the economic growth of both developing and developed countries. The new market conditions after the introduction of the shale oil and the extent of its influence on determining the oil price indicates a requirement for new oil market models that include new parameters. In this paper, based on the system dynamics methodology, we provide an updated model of the supply and demand of the oil market to explain the market trends. Our model provides the causal relations between the major components of the market including the determinants of the supply and demand. We divide the supply into the OPEC, non-OPEC and US producers. Further, we have extracted the supply of Iran, Saudi Arabia, Libya, Venezuela, and Iraq in the OPEC, and Russia and Syria in the non-OPEC categories in order to be able to further detail the effects of specific events that influenced their corresponding productions. We also provide a detailed case study of the major market events after 2010 that have had consequences on the oil market. Finally, we train the model with the 2014 and 2015 data and simulate and validate the model for 2016 to support our model's performance.
Improving Greenery in the Ghanaian Built Environment Through Policy and Legislature
Authors: Gyimah Kwabena Abrokwa , Ampofo Kwadwo Twumasi , Gyimah Amma Birago Kantanka
Published: February 2017

The world is craving for sustainability and thus implementing various measures to achieve this laudable task. For sustainable development to be achieved there is the need for a balance between environmental, economic and social development. Therefore, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) encompass all three. In Ghana, most infrastructural projects such as roads and buildings are done with economic and social focused leaving out the environmental concerns. Even though there is Environmental Management Systems (EMS) in place such as the Environmental Protection Act (EPA), the country’s environment with regards to greenery has setbacks. This research examines how the soft landscaping component of infrastructural development can be enhanced to improve the environment. Questionnaires in the form of Google forms were used to collect data. Stakeholders of infrastructural developments such as financiers of projects, institutions that give approvals and professionals involved in the design and execution of projects were the scope for data collection. The research reveals that there are no clear indications of requirements of soft landscaping in legislature and thus making it difficult for their inclusion in infrastructural development. A well-structured legislative instrument combining the Green Building Code and National Building Regulation should be adopted. Institutional capacities should also be enhanced for enforcement of this new legislature.
Transfer matrix spectrum for cyclic representations of the 6-vertex reflection algebra I
Authors: Maillet Jean Michel , Niccoli Giuliano , Pezelier Baptiste
Published: February 2017

We study the transfer matrix spectral problem for the cyclic
representations of the trigonometric 6-vertex reflection algebra
associated to the Bazanov-Stroganov Lax operator. The results apply as
well to the spectral analysis of the lattice sine-Gordon model with
integrable open boundary conditions. This spectral analysis is developed
by implementing the method of separation of variables (SoV). The
transfer matrix spectrum (both eigenvalues and eigenstates) is
completely characterized in terms of the set of solutions to a discrete
system of polynomial equations in a given class of functions. Moreover,
we prove an equivalent characterization as the set of solutions to a
Baxter’s like T-Q functional equation and rewrite the transfer matrix
eigenstates in an algebraic Bethe ansatz form. In order to explain our
method in a simple case, the present paper is restricted to
representations containing one constraint on the boundary parameters and
on the parameters of the Bazanov-Stroganov Lax operator. In a next
article, some more technical tools (like Baxter’s gauge transformations)
will be introduced to extend our approach to general integrable boundary
conditions.
Bienestar psicológico y comportamiento sexual de protección en adolescentes
Authors: Guerrero Alcedo Jesús Manuel
Published: February 2017

Dentro del área del comportamiento sexual existen factores que protegen a los adolescentes de llevar comportamiento sexual de riesgo, dentro de ellos tenemos el bienestar psicológico, el cual es un factor multidimensional que junto a factores individuales e interpersonales parece ser la razón más convincentes para promover comportamientos sexuales saludables entre los adolescentes e implementar programas educativos que se orienten a fortalecer prácticas sexuales con mayor responsabilidad lo cual es indispensable a la hora de prevenir enfermedades y consecuencias no deseadas para los adolescentes.
Abordaje de la belleza filosófica en relación con la adolescencia
Authors: Goenaga Peña Jesús
Published: February 2017

El presente escrito expone un marco referencial que integra el discurso filosófico y el psicológico desde el cual surge un interés frente al abordaje de la representación de la belleza, particularmente en la etapa de la adolescencia, la cual, como se expondrá, puede considerarse una fase evolutiva de construcción, intriga y confusión en que se propende a un reconocimiento de la propia existencia y constituye un momento revelador, debido a que anuncia dramáticamente el carácter singular de la existencia en medio de la vacilación del tránsito.
Niños y niñas: futuros posibles; sujetos que construyen nuevas realidades
Authors: López Medina Laura Isabel , Rojas Moncada Clara Yinet
Published: February 2017

En este artículo se pretende realizar una reflexión crítica frente a la perspectiva e ideología en la que los estudios científicos han abordado históricamente a los niños y niñas y realiza una propuesta con la intención de dar un giro a esta visión, promoviendo la idea de que los niños y niñas son agentes de cambio, pueden realizar acciones políticas, tienen sus propias formas de habitar en el mundo y también sus propias potencialidades para transformarlo.
El desdibujamiento del estado como representante de autoridad
Authors: Mejía Correa María Paulina
Published: February 2017

Me propongo pensar algunos factores que explican la deslegitimación del Estado como figura de autoridad. Para tal fin tomo como texto de inspiración dos capítulos del libro Paramilitares y autodefensas: 1982-2003 de Mauricio Romero (2009). Este autor sostiene una tesis para explicar el surgimiento político de los grupos paramilitares: la feroz competencia por el poder desencadenada por los proceso de paz vividos en Colombia desde 1982, ha tenido como consecuencia la exacerbación de la violencia política y su materialización en grupos contrainsurgentes como los paramilitares y las autodefensas.
La migración y sus duelos
Authors: Rubio Pinilla Yaneth Rubio Pinilla
Published: February 2017

La migración es un fenómeno social que conlleva un proceso de desarraigo en la trama del tiempo psíquico que implica una discontinuidad en la vida de la persona. El duelo aparece debido a la relación íntima que hay entre el que viaja y lo que deja. Su familia y amigos, su lengua, su cultura, paisajes y tierra, su estatus social, el contacto con su grupo de origen y la seguridad física, son los siete aspectos que el psiquiatra español Joseba Achotegui (2002), aborda como elementos que conforman el proceso psicológico de duelo, para reorganizar su personalidad en el nuevo mundo al que llega.
Analysis of the Vibration Isolation Effect of the Railway Rigid Sandwich Wall
Authors: Chenglong Sun , Liang Gao
Published: February 2017

The vibration isolation effect of the rigid sandwich wall was measured and the characteristics of time and frequency domain at low frequency was analyzed on the basis of the environmental isolation engineering of the railway in the Beijing suburb in this paper. The results indicated that environmental vibration significantly decreased after building the rigid sandwich walls. The vibration isolation efficiency of the rigid sandwich wall is respectively 0.32 and 0.46 at a distance of 35 meters and 40 meters away from railway center. It is obvious that a distance of 5 meters behind the vibration isolation barrier shows a more obvious vibration isolation effect than 10 meters. The vibration isolation barrier has an obvious effect in middle-high frequency (10~80 Hz) of the vibration, especially formed by sleeper spacing action rate (22.7 Hz). In addition, the effect is not obvious with a frequency below 10 Hz, such as the low frequency vibration formed by the moving axle load (7 Hz). In this paper, a vibration model of the earth-rigid sandwich wall was established. It also studied the effect of width, depth and position of the barrier on the vibration isolation, and provided the application condition and the setting requirement of key parameters for the rigid sandwich wall. These results provided the technical support for controlling projects of environmental vibration with rigid sandwich walls.
Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Explicit Instruction Dengan Trainer PLC Untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Merakit Sistem PLC
Authors: Suroto Suroto
Published: February 2017

The purpose of the research was to implement the Explicit Instruction Learning Model using trainer PLC media to improve the students’ learning achievement and motivation in assembling PLC system subject. The research methodology used classroom action research with XII TOI students of SMK Negeri 2 Depok as the sample. The research instruments used were formative tests and practice job sheets. The result of research showed that the average formative test in cycle I was 76,10 ; in cycle II was 80,32 and in cycle III was 83,77. Based on the findings, it means that the students ‘scores were higher than the provided minimum requirement score after using the Explicit Instruction Model using trainer PLC media in cycle I,II and III. The students’ learning motivation in cycle I, II and III were 67, 82 ,and 85 respectively. It can be concluded that the students’ learning motivation was improving from (≤ 75 ) to ( ≥ 75 ) at the second and third cycles.
Peningkatan Kesiapan Mahasiswa Dalam Menempuh Praktek Lapangan Melalui Peer Teaching Dengan Pendekatan Kooperatif Jigsaw
Authors: Waluyanti Sri , Santoso Djoko
Published: February 2017

The purpose of the study is to improve the readiness of the students in performing Field Practice through peer teaching practice and Jigsaw cooperative learning approach. The approach of the study used classroom action research with the subject of the study were the students of bachelor program of Electronical Engineering who took video technique course. The study was done by the following steps, pre-action to balance the researcher’s perception and debriefing consisting designing lesson plan and micro teaching. The validity of the instruments of pedagogy competency was analyzed by item correlation, the result were, preparation r=0,73; implementation r=0,89 and evaluation r=0,97. The result of reliability testing for preparation was very reliable with r=0,89; implementation is very reliable with r=0,97 and implementation is less reliable with r=0,53. The result of the study showed that the students get a real picture of teacher’s responsibility through the exposure to the experiences of peer-tutoring, preparation, teaching practice, and evaluating the result of the study.The students’competence in preparation, teaching, and evaluating the result of study was improved cycle by cycle. The improvement in students’teaching skills was followed by improvement of the result of video technique learning outcomes.
FACTORS AFFECTING SMP/MTs STUDENTS’MOTIVATION TO GO INTO VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS IN SLEMAN DISTRICT
Authors: Kusworo Kusworo , Soenarto Soenarto
Published: February 2017

This research aims to find out (1) motivation, (2) factors affecting motivation and (3) the most dominant factor affecting the motivation of Junior High School (SMP / MTs) students to Vocational Schools. This research belongs to cross-sectional survey. The population of this research is 12.037 of Grade VIII students from122 SMP/MTs at Sleman District. The research sample is 338 students who are taken randomly and proportionally. The instrument used is questionnaire with likert-scale and rating-scale. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis, regression analysis and partial correlation analysis. Research results show that: (1) motivation of SMP/MTs students to go into Vocational School is good, the average is 73.40%; (2) factors affecting the motivation are social economic status of student’s parents, mass media, student’s environment, and students’ individual characteristics with 72.5% and the rest which is 27.5% is affected by other factors; (3)the most dominant factor is students’ individual characteristics, and then followed by mass media factor, social economic status of students’ parents and students’ environment.
An evaluation model of educational quality assurance at junior high schools
Authors: Sugiyanta Sugiyanta , Soenarto Soenarto
Published: February 2017

The study was to develop an appropriate evaluation model of quality assurance (QA) for evaluating the programs of the educational QA (EQA) at junior high schools. The study was a research and development study that referred to the steps developed by Borg and Gall. The results of the study show that the evaluation model of EQA in junior high schools consist of the implementation of QA system and the performance of QA. The constructs for the instrument of QA system implementation consisted of planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and the act of revision is based on the exploratory factor analysis at the significance level of 0.000. The constructs for the instrument of EQA performance consisted of: resource development; program and activity development; participation, satisfaction, knowledge change, attitude change, and behavior change of school community; social, economic, and school environmental development based on the exploratory factor analysis at the significance level of 0.000. The feasibility of the evaluation model is in a good category based on  experts’, users’, and practitioners’ judgment and the evidence found in the field testing.
Effect of Integration of Fertilizers and FYM on Productivity and Soil Health of Rainfed Potato
Authors: YADAV S. K. , SRIVASTAVA A. K. , BAG T. K.
Published: February 2017

A field trial was conducted during two consecutive summer seasons of2012 and 2013 at ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Shillong, Meghalaya to evaluate the integration of nutrient sources on productivity and soil health under rainfed potato cultivation in north eastern hill region of India. There were six treatments of integrated nutrient management viz., 100% Recommended dose of fertilizers,75% RDF through synthetic fertilizers and 25% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through FYM, 50% RDF and 50% RDN through FYM, 25% RDF and 75% RDN through FYM, 100% RDN through FYM and control (no application of any sources of nutrients). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications. Nutrient management practices showed the significant improvement on growth and yield attributes of potato over control plot. Highest productivity of potato tubers (t/ha) was noticed with application of 75% RDF through synthetic fertilizers along with 25% RDN through FYM. Similarly, the maximum net return was associated with application of 75% RDF and 25% RDN through FYM under investigation. Application of 75% Recommended dose of nutrients through synthetic fertilizers in combination with 25% Recommended dose of nitrogen through FYM was more profitable for sustainable production of potato in the north eastern hill region of India.
Effect of Indole-3-butyric Acid and Maturity Level of Single Node Stem Cuttings on Propagation of Exacum ritigalensis
Authors: PERERA PCD , DAHANAYAKE NILANTHI
Published: February 2017

A study was conducted to observe the effect of different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and maturity levels of single node stem cuttings for vegetative propagation ofE. ritigalensis. Branches of the plant were treated by 20% Clorox in 20 minutes and rinsed it two times using distilled water. Stems cuttings weregrouped into three according to the diameter (20-30 mm, soft wood; 30-40 mm, semi hardwood and 40-50 mm, hardwood).Three differentways of leaves remaining in single node stem cuttings were used; half of single leaf, half double opposite leaves and without leaf. Stem cuttings were treated by IBA (0, 2, 2.5, 5, 10 and 15 mgL-1) for 15 minutes.Plant propagators were prepared by poly bags (150 gauges) and filled by sterilized coir dust. Thereafter, they were kept in two months and observed the survival rates of cuttings (greenish or not),number of roots,length of the lengthiest root, number of buds and number of leaves per bud. Experiments were arranged in three factor factorial completely randomized design (FCRD) with ten replicates. Statistical analysis was performed with Duncan’s multiple range test using SAS software (version 9.1.3). It was observed that rooting was at initial stage of all cuttings after one month. Result were showed that the semi hardwood single node stem with half single leaf or double leavestreated by 10 mgL-1 and 15 mgL-1 IBA were best for rooting compare to other all treatments and control, showed 100% survival rate with three buds per cutting.
Diversity Analysis through Principle Component Analysis in Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: SINGH PIYUSHA , SINGH NAVEEN KUMAR , SINGH H. K. , JAISWAL J. P.
Published: February 2017

Wheat is agronomically and nutritionally most important cereal essential for the food security, poverty alleviation and improved livelihoods. Genetic diversity is necessary to be present in the base population from which potential parents are to be selected as diverse parent for hybridization. For this purpose, various multivariate analytical techniques, which simultaneously analyze multiple measurements on each individual under investigation, are widely used in analysis of genetic diversity. Among these, principal component analysis (PCA) is useful method used for diversity analysis. For the principal component analysis each genotype was identified on the basis of correlation matrix as a single point in a standardized multidimensional space. The axes of this space were principal components obtained from the original data as orthogonal transformation of the original variety. In this way each principal component becomes a linear combination of the varietal scores corresponding to the original variables.
Comparison of Crop Evapotranspiration by FAO, BREB and Pristley-Taylor methodsin mustard Crop in Central Bihar Region
Authors: MUKHERJEE JOYDEEP , MONDAL SURAJIT
Published: February 2017

Untimely sowing, poor crop stands and absence of lack of high yielding varieties and lack of zone specific crop production technology, moisture stress and uncertain and extreme weather conditions are the major factor which govern the productivity of rapeseed-mustard in eastern India particularly in Bihar. This study was conducted in the experimental farm of ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar during 2011-12 and 2012-13. Bowen ratio energy balance (BREB) method is a micrometeorological method by combining Bowen ratio with energy balance equation of earth surface. The climate of the experimental site is semi-arid with dry hot summer and mild winters. Summers are long (early April–August) with monsoon setting in between July and September. May and June are the hottest months with mean daily maximum temperature ranging from 30 to 40°C. At 11.00 to 12.00 hours, the Rn reaches the maxima and its value reduces drastically after 15.00 hours. ET0 calculate by established empirical equation was compared with the pan evapotranspiration (ETpan) data and it was observed that PT method can be safely used to calculate ET0 in the study zone. The crop evapotranspiration (ETc) using Bowen Ratio Energy Balance method was also observed and compared with output from PT method. The ratio between LE/Rn attained the higher value at siliqua emergence (SE) and pod formation (PF) stages indicating higher water demand during the same crop growth period.
Scope and Options of Solar Energy Use in Agriculture in Eastern region of India
Authors: RAHMAN A , BHATT B. P.
Published: February 2017

Groundwater abstraction to meet irrigation demand and application of water and energy efficient irrigation technologies is becoming a difficult affair due to significant energy poverty and pervasive electricity deficits in Eastern region of India. This undermines the production and productivity of small holders. This paper discusses the energy scarcity and possible remedy by the use of solar energy as this region receives abundance solar radiation due to its geographical location and 250 -300 bright sunny days per year which can be year round source of energy for agricultural use.
Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Foam Derived from Fine Coal and Phenolic Resin
Authors: Irwandi Dodi , Mas’ud Zainal Alim , Sutriah Komar , Khotib Muhammad
Published: February 2017

Carbon foam from fine coal and phenolic resin mixture had been prepared by heating in nitrogen atmosphere. The composition of fine coal in a mixture was 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50%. Physical and mechanical characters of carbon foam that were determined from each of these compositions were density, porosity, compressive strength, and oxidation resistance and thermal insulation. Microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thermal insulation was tested using an insulation index approach with Styrofoam for comparison. The result showed that the density and compressive strength were proportional to the composition, otherwise, the porosity. Oxidation resistance that was up to 45% composition still showed proportional value. Microstructure observations showed an irregular distribution of pore and uninform diameter. Insulation index of 34 to 50 °C showed almost the same values of all compositions and greater than styrofoam up to 50-150% which mean carbon foam had a better thermal insulation properties than styrofoam.
Influences of Temperature on the Conversion of Ammonium Tungstate Pentahydrate to Tungsten Oxide Particles with Controllable Sizes, Crystallinities, and Physical Properties
Authors: Nandiyanto Asep Bayu Dani , Munawaroh Heli Siti Halimatul , Kurniawan Tedi , Mudzakir Ahmad
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate influences of temperature on the conversion of ammonium tungstate pentahydrate (ATP) powder to tungsten trioxide (WO3) particles with controllable sizes, crystallinities, and physicochemical properties. In this study, we used a simple thermal decomposition method. In the experimental procedure, we explored the effect of temperature on the physicochemical properties of ATP by testing various heating temperatures (from 100 to 900 °C). The heated ATP samples were then characterized by a physical observation (i.e. color) and various analysis methods (i.e. a thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, an X-ray diffraction, and a scanning electron microscope). Experimental results showed that increases in temperature had an impact to the decreases in particle size, the change in material crystallinity, and the change in physical properties (e.g. change of color from white, orange, to yellowish green). The relationships between the reaction temperatures and the physicochemical properties of the ATP were also investigated in detail along with the theoretical consideration and the proposal of the WO3 particle formation mechanism. In simplification, the phenomena can be described into three zones of temperatures. (1) Below 250 °C (release of water molecules and some ammonium ions).; (2) At 250-400 °C (release of water molecules and ammonium ions, restructurization of tungsten and oxygen elements, and formation of amorphous tungsten trioxide). (3) At higher than 400 °C (crystallization of tungsten trioxide). Since ATP possessed reactivity on temperature, its physicochemical properties changing could be observed easily, and the experimental procedure could be done easily. The present study will benefit not only for “chemistry and material science” but also potentially to be used as a model material for explaining the thermal behavior of material to undergraduate students (suitable used for a class and laboratory experiment and demonstration).
Utilization of Cellulose from Pineapple Leaf Fibers as Nanofiller in Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Film
Authors: Wahyuningsih Kendri , Iriani Evi Savitri , Fahma Farah
Published: February 2017

Cellulose from pineapple leaf fibers as one of the natural polymer which has biodegradable property in a nanometer’s scale, can be formed as a filler in composite of Poly(vinyl) Alcohol/PVA is expected to increase the physical, thermal, and barrier properties of composite films similar to conventional plastic. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of fibrillation of cellulose fibers from pineapple leaf fibers using a combined technique of chemical-mechanical treatments, to investigate the reinforcing effect of concentration of nanocellulose fibrils in the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix on physical properties, thermal properties, water vapor transmission rate, light transmittance and morphological with and without addition of glycerol. Nanocellulose was made from cellulose of pineapple leaf fiber using wet milling (Ultra Fine Grinder). The composite film production was carried out by using casting solution method by mixing PVA solution with nanocellulose (10-50%) and glycerol (0-1%). The characterization of film covered physical properties (thickness, moisture content and density), thermal properties, permeability (WVTR), light transmittance, morphology, and crystallinity. Nanocellulose from pineapple leaf fibers was produced by Ultra Fine Grinder shows that the size reduction process was accurate. Nanocellulose addition on PVA composite film was affected to increasing the physical, thermal, and barrier properties. Meanwhile, decreasing the percentage of composite film transmittance, thus the transparency decrease (opaque). Water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) the film was increased with increasing glycerol concentration, but the physical and thermal properties was decreased.
Synthesis of Zeolite-X Supported On Glasswool for CO2 Capture Material: Variation of Immersion Time and NaOH Concentration at Glasswool Activation
Authors: Wardani Anggita R.K. , Widiastuti Nurul
Published: February 2017

Zeolite X supported on fiber material (glasswool) was successfully synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method. Variation of immersion time and NaOH concentration were used for glasswool activation. Activation process of glasswool has effects toward crystallinity and growth of zeolite X on glasswool surface. The results of characterization using XRD, SEM and AFM showed that zeolite X crystal grew on glasswool surface with high crystallinity using NaOH concentration 4M for 24 h. BET surface area and pore characteristics were analyzed by N2 isothermal adsorption. Carbon dioxide adsorption measurement using gravimetric method showed that zeolite X supported on glasswool has capability to capture carbon dioxide at room temperature up to 2.83 weight %.
Crystal Phase and Surface Morphology of Zeolite-Y Templated Carbon with K2CO3 and ZnCl2 Activation
Authors: Anggarini Ufafa , Agustina Eva , Widiastuti Nurul
Published: February 2017

Zeolite-Y templated carbon (ZTC) has been activated with K2CO3 and ZnCl2. This research aims to compare the characteristics of ZTC with K2CO3 and ZnCl2 activation. ZTC was synthesized via impregnation method followed by carbonization. In this research, activation process was conducted at variation of activator/carbon weight ratio of 1 and 1.50. The activation was carried out by heating up impregnated carbon at 800 °C for 1 h followed by washing to remove inorganic salt. XRD and SEM results indicate that the use of different activator produce ZTC with varied structure and morphology. Diffractogram results showed that the graphitic peak decreased due to K2CO3 activation, whereas graphitic peak increased owing to ZnCl2 activation. Decreasing the graphitic peak indicates that ZTCs have higher pore structure formation. In addition, surface formation of ZTC activated by K2CO3 was higher than by ZnCl2 activation. The higher pore structure formation means the amount of carbon deposited on external surface material was decreased.
Synthesis and Characterization of Alumina Precursors Derived from Aluminum Metal through Electrochemical Method
Authors: Ginting Eva Marlina , Bukit Nurdin
Published: February 2017

This study investigated the use of the electrochemical method to prepare alumina (a-Al2O3) from aluminum metal. The a-Al2O3 precursor was calcined at 110 °C for six hours and then characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Particle Size Analysis (PSA), X-Ray Diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). To study transformation of the precursor into α-Al2O3, three samples were sintered at 400, 800, and 1200 °C, respectively and they were characterized. The most interesting result obtained was the transition of AlOOH and β-Al(OH)3 into γ-Al2O3 at low temperatures (400 to 800°C), followed by transformation of γ-Al2O3 into a-Al2O3 at high temperature (1200 °C). The overall results obtained demonstrated that electrochemical method is a potential alternative for production of α-Al2O3, which can be achieved in practically pure phase at sintering temperature at 1200 °C.
Detection of Hg2+ Metal Ions Using Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized by Gelatin and Tween-20
Authors: Sulistiawaty Lilis , Sugiarti Sri , Darmawan Noviyan
Published: February 2017

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by reduction method using glucose as reducing agent for precursor AgNO3. This research was aimed at comparing the stability and performance of silver nanoparticles with stabilizer gelatin (Gelatin-AgNPs) and tween-20 (Tween-AgNPs) produced from the synthesis to the silver nanoparticles without stabilizer, and applying the Gelatin-AgNPs and Tween-AgNPs to detect heavy metal in water sample. The silver nanoparticles produced were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). From measurement of UV-Vis spectrophotometer, the absorbance wavelength of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) appeared in range 411 nm, Gelatin-AgNPs in 417 nm, and Tween-AgNPs in 420 nm. The identification using TEM showed the average size for each AgNPs, Gelatin-AgNPs, and Tween-AgNPs was 11.73, 9.68, and 17.54 nm, respectively. The result showed that Gelatin-AgNPs has better stability compared to Tween-AgNPs. The reaction of Gelatin-AgNPs and Tween-AgNPs with several ions showed color changes of Gelatin-AgNPs and Tween-AgNPs occurred only on addition to Hg2+ metal ions solution. Based on the experiment of Hg2+ metal ions determination this method has limit of detection of 0.45 mg/L for Gelatin-AgNPs and 0.13 mg/L for Tween-AgNPs.
Teknologi Pesawat Tanpa Awak untuk Pemetaan Skala Detail Rencana Jaringan Pipa Sanitasi Komunal bagi Masyarakat Dusun Kepek 1, Kepek, Wonosari, Gunungkidul
Authors: Suharyadi Suharyadi , Nurteisa Yudhistira Tri
Published: February 2017

Human settlements can not be separated from the emergence of waste generated by human activity. Waste will give a negative efect on health and the environment if not handled and managed properly. Hamlet Kepek 1, Kepek, Wonosari have realized the impact that arises when household waste is not managed properly. For that, some residents have initiated a communal waste management and manufacture of communal sanitation pipelines. Conventionally, communal sanitary pipe network planning and data requires a huge cost, for it takes breakthrough of utilization of appropriate technology to facilitate the planning process and reduce the cost incurred.Utilization of small format aerial photographs resulting from the unmanned aircraf vehicle (UAV) used as an alternative technology in the planning communal sanitation pipelines. Analytical methods to create a map of the communal sanitation pipelines through least cost path analysis. Utilization of UAV technology is expected to make the planning of communal sanitary pipelines with good results and at afordable costs. Te result of small format aerial photography from unmanned aircraf vehicle (UAV) can be used to produce the spatial data with high resolution. Small format aerial photographs produced is then processed to obtain the orthophoto image and the image of Digital Surface Model (DSM). Both kinds of remote sensing image are then used as the main data to create maps of the communal sanitation pipelines. Te result of processing in the form of a map of communal sanitation pipelines in t Kepek 1 at low cost and appropriate technology.
C-reactive protein and procalcitonin as a predictive factors on appearance of postoperative complications after open appendectomy in children
Authors: Marjanovic Vesna , Budic Ivana , Slavkovic Andjelka , Radlovic Vladimir , Simic Dusica
Published: February 2017

Introduction/Objective. Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical conditions in children that may be followed by inflammatory postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to determine the association of the preoperative levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) and occurrence of inflammatory postoperative complications in children with appendicitis. Methods. Fifty-four patients were separated into two groups. The first group contained patients with uncomplicated appendicitis (UA) whereas the second group comprised patients with complicated appendicitis (CA). Clinical and laboratory parameters in preoperative period were used for prediction of complications after open appendectomy in children. Results. Patients with CA had significantly higher values of rectal temperature (p < 0.05), longer length of fever (p < 0.001), CRP (p < 0.001), PCT (p < 0.001), longer duration of stay at the intensive care unit (ICU) (p < 0.001), and prolonged hospitalization (p < 0.001) than the UA group. In the CA group, 41.93% had postoperative complications; these patients also had longer duration of fever (p < 0.05), higher level of CRP (p < 0.05), and prolonged hospitalization (p < 0.01) compared to patients in the CA group without complications. Preoperative cut-off values of CRP and PCT (75.8 mg/l and 0.36 ng/ml, respectively) pointed towards higher probability for development of postoperative complications. Rectal temperature and duration of fever had predictive influence in determination of postoperative complications in the CA group. Conclusion. The cut-off values of preoperative levels of CRP and PCT were able to discriminate the subset of patients with higher risk for postoperative complications. Rectal temperature and duration of fever had predictive influence on the occurrence of postoperative complications, while other clinical and laboratory parameters were not able to predict appearance of the complications after open appendectomy in children.
Comparative study on experimental and numerical investigations of laser beam and electron beam welded joints for Ti6Al4V alloy
Authors: Zhan Xiaohong , Liu Yun , Liu Junjie , Meng Yao , Wei Yanhong , Yang Jiankai , Liu Xiangbo
Published: February 2017

This paper reports a numerical and experimental investigation of laser beam welding (LBW) and electron beam welding (EBW) for the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy. The microstructure of LBW and EBW welded joints is compared. A defect-free, fine-grain, and high-quality joint is produced using the EBW process, while undercut and some pores are observed in the LBW welded joint. The simulated temperature distribution and the cross section of the experimental specimen are compared to evaluate the model validity. The calibrated model is applied to determine the thermal cycles on three selected nodes for both LBW and EBW processes. It is observed that the energy density of the electron beam is higher than that of the laser beam, which causes the weld-seam width of the EBW to be larger than that of the LBW weld seam. Narrow weld-seam, fine grain, and no defect make the EBW a more suitable method to join Ti6Al4V titanium sheets compared with the LBW process.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR METODE PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA BERBASIS PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN DAN KEMAMPUAN APLIKATIF MAHASISWA
Authors: Nurjaya Gede
Published: February 2017

Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan bahan ajar Metode PembelajaranBahasa dan Sastra Indonesia yang mampu meningkatkan pemahaman dan kemampuanaplikatif mahasiswa. Untuk tujuan itu, rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalahrancangan penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Penelitian ini membutuhkan waktu duatahun untuk menghasilkan produk yang siap pakai.  Pada tahun kedua ini adalah uji coba efektivitas penggunaan bahan ajar. Hasilnyaadalah sebagai berikut ini. (1) Prestasi mahasiswa setelah diajarkan dengan menggunakanbahan ajar yang telah disusun berada pada kategori baik dengan rata-rata skor 79,42. Skoruntuk pemahaman sebesar 81,17 dalam kategori baik, lebih tinggi dibandingkan skorkemampuan aplikatif yang sebesar 76,8 pada kategori baik juga. (2) Respon mahasiswaterhadap penggunaan bahan ajar dalam pembelajaran adalah positif dengan rata-rata 4,43pada skala 5. (3) Kendalaa yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa saat penggunaan bahan ajartersebut dalam pembelajaran adalah kekurang waktu dan ada beberapa bagian bahan ajaryang sulit dipahami karena redaksinya.
CAMPUR KODE DALAM KOMUNIKASI LISAN PASANGAN PERKAWINAN BEDA BANGSA JEPANG-INDONESIA (KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK)
Authors: Merlyna Y.P Putu Dewi
Published: February 2017

Masyarakat Indonesia adalah masyarakat dwibahasawan yang mampu berkomunikasi dengan lebih dari satu bahasa. Hubungan sosial di daerah pariwisata mengakibatkan akulturasi budaya dan bahasa yang melahirkan hubungan personal antar individu. Hubungan personal seperti perkawinan beda bahasa antara warga Jepang dan warga Indonesia memunculkan campur kode dalam kegiatan komunikasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis campur kode yang digunakan, jenis campur kode yang paling dominan dipakai, dan alasan terjadinya campur kode dalam berkomunikasi. Metode yang dipakai adalah metode observasi dan wawancara,kemudian dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ada tiga jenis campur kode yang muncul. Jenis campur kode yang paling dominan adalah campur kode keluar. Faktor yang mengakibatkan fenomena campur kode adalag faktor kesantaian, kebiasaan, dan karena kurangnya padanan kata yang dapat digunakan berkomunikasi dengan bahasa yang sama.