bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D test sample for the calibration and quality control of stimulated emission depletion (STED) and confocal microscopes
Authors: van der Wee Ernest B. , Fokkema Jantina , Kennedy Chris L. , del Pozo Marc , de Winter D. A. Matthijs , Speets Peter N. A. , Gerritsen Hans C. , van Blaaderen Alfons
Published: July 2021

Multiple samples are required to monitor and optimize the quality and reliability of quantitative measurements of stimulated emission depletion (STED) and confocal microscopes. Here, we present a single sample to calibrate these microscopes, align their laser beams and measure their point spread function (PSF) in 3D. The sample is composed of a refractive index matched colloidal crystal of silica beads with fluorescent and gold cores. The microscopes can be calibrated in three dimensions using the periodicity of the crystal; the alignment of the laser beams can be checked using the reflection of the gold cores; and the PSF can be measured at multiple positions and depths using the fluorescent cores. It is demonstrated how this sample can be used to visualize and improve the quality of STED and confocal microscopy images. The sample is adjustable to meet the requirements of different NA objectives and microscopy techniques and additionally can be used to evaluate refractive index mismatches as a function of depth quantitatively.
Nanoscopic investigation of C9orf72 poly-GA oligomers on nuclear membrane disruption by a photoinducible platform
Authors: Chien Hung-Ming , He Ruei-Yu , Lee Chi-Chang , Huang Yung-An , Hung I-Ju , Hou Kai-Ting , Hsiao Jye-Chian , Lu Po-Chao , Agnihotri Diksha , Hwang Eric , Huang Joseph Jen-Tse
Published: July 2021

Glycine-alanine dipeptide repeats (GA DPRs) translated from the mutated C9orf72 gene have recently been correlated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). While GA DPRs aggregates have been suggested as amyloid, the biophysical features and cytotoxicity of GA DPRs oligomers has not been explored due to its unstable nature. In this study, we develop a photoinducible platform based on methoxynitrobenzene chemistry to enrich GA DPRs that allows monitoring the oligomerization process of GA DPRs in cells. By applying advanced microscopies, we examined the GA DPRs oligomerization process nanoscopically in a time-dependent manner. We provided direct evidences to demonstrate GA DPRs oligomers rather than nanofibrils disrupt nuclear membrane. Moreover, we found GA DPRs hamper nucleocytoplasmic transport in cells and cause cytosolic retention of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 in cortical neurons. Our results highlight the toxicity of GA DPRs oligomers, which is a key step toward elucidating the pathological roles of C9orf72 DPRs.
Air oxidized activated carbon catalyst for aerobic oxidative aromatizations of N-heterocycles
Authors: Enders Lukas , Casadio David S. , Aikonen Santeri , Lenarda Anna , Wirtanen Tom , Hu Tao , Hietala Sami , Ribeiro Lucília S. , Pereira Manuel Fernando R. , Helaja Juho
Published: July 2021

Air oxidized activated carbon offers a robust, efficient, metal-free and recyclable catalyst for aromatizations of N-heterocycles, O2being the terminal oxidant.
Auxiliary alkyl chain modulated spin crossover behaviour of [Fe(H2Bpz2)2(Cn-bipy)] complexes
Authors: Guo Yunnan , Rotaru Aurelian , Müller-Bunz Helge , Morgan Grace G. , Zhang Shishen , Xue Shufang , Garcia Yann
Published: July 2021

The length of the alkyl chain substituents employed in complexes [Fe(H2Bpz2)2(Cn-bipy)] can have a large impact on the transition temperature and solid state spin crossover profile.
The microalgaPhaeocystis antarcticais tolerant to salinity and metal mixture toxicity interactions
Authors: Koppel Darren J. , Whitelaw Nicholas , Adams Merrin S. , King Catherine K. , Jolley Dianne F.
Published: July 2021

The Antarctic marine microalgaPhaeocystis antarcticais resilient to the interactions of metal toxicity and salinity changes at environmentally relevant exposure ranges.
Carboxymethyl-glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reduces blood pressure and improves baroreflex sensitivity in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Bezerra Lorena Soares , Magnani Marciane , Pimentel Tatiana Colombo , Freire Francisca Manuela de Souza , da Silva Tays Amanda Felisberto , Ramalho Ricardo Cartaxo , Alves Adriano Francisco , de Brito Alves José Luiz , de Medeiros Isac Almeida , Veras Robson Cavalcante
Published: July 2021

Carboxymethyl-glucan (CMG) is a derivative of β-d-glucan extracted from Sacharomyces cerevisae.
The effect of PEGylation on the efficacy and uptake of an immunostimulatory nanoparticle in the tumor immune microenvironment
Authors: Becicka Wyatt M. , Bielecki Peter A. , Lorkowski Morgan E. , Moon Taylor J. , Zhang Yahan , Atukorale Prabhani U. , Covarrubias Gil , Karathanasis Efstathios
Published: July 2021

The efficacy of immunotherapies is often limited by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which is populated with dysfunctional innate immune cells.
Recent advances in plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for catalytic reactions on bifunctional metallic nanostructures
Authors: Su Hai-Sheng , Feng Hui-Shu , Wu Xiang , Sun Juan-Juan , Ren Bin
Published: July 2021

This minireview provides a comprehensive discussion on recent advances in plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for catalytic reactions on bifunctional metallic nanostructures.
Enantio- and diastereoselective double Mannich reaction of malononitrile with N-Boc imines using quinine-derived bifunctional organoiodine catalyst
Authors: Kuwano Satoru , Ogino Eri , Arai Takayoshi
Published: July 2021

A chiral organic base catalyst with halogen bond donor functionality was used to promote the asymmetric double Mannich reaction to afford 1,3-diamines in excellent yields with high enantio- and diastereoselectivities.
Asymmetric synthesis of (−)-dehydro-exo-brevicomin with a photoisomerisation–intramolecular acetalisation sequence
Authors: Hirasawa Shun , Masuda Tsuyoshi , Mukai Ken , Miyoshi Yusuke , Kanomata Nobuhiro
Published: July 2021

We have accomplished the asymmetric synthesis of (−)-dehydro-exo-brevicomin in a practical and scalable manner via a possible biosynthetic precursor obtained by photoisomerisation.
AmAT19, an acetyltransferase fromAstragalus membranaceus, catalyses specific 6α-OH acetylation for tetracyclic triterpenes and steroids
Authors: Wang Linlin , Chen Kuan , Wang Zilong , Yi Yang , Zhang Meng , Hasan Aobulikasimu , Kuang Yi , Shaker Sharpkate , Yu Rong , Wang Haotian , Liu Haiyang , Ye Min , Qiao Xue
Published: July 2021

AmAT19 could catalyze the specific 6α-OH acetylation of tetracyclic triterpenes and steroids to improve their inhibitory activity against 3CLproof SARS-CoV-2.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and its S and N proteins using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Sanchez John Eder , Jaramillo Sierra A. , Settles Erik , Velazquez Salazar J. Jesus , Lehr Alexander , Gonzalez Javier , Rodríguez Aranda Carmen , Navarro-Contreras Hugo R. , Raniere Marlee O. , Harvey Maxx , Wagner David M. , Koppisch Andrew , Kellar Robert , Keim Paul , Jose Yacaman Miguel
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the critical need for accurate and rapid testing for virus detection.
Experimental comparison between steam and water tilt-angle injection effects on NOx reduction from the gaseous flame
Authors: Kotob Mostafa Raafat , Lu Tianfeng , Wahid Seddik S.
Published: July 2021

We experimentally compare the effect of different direct water and steam injection tilting angles on NOx emission values. The results showed that water and steam injection are effective tools to reduce NOx emission by 70% and 57% respectively.
Revealing the impact of strontium doping on the optical, electronic and electrical properties of nanostructured 2H-CuFeO2 delafossite thin films
Authors: Shaili Hamza , Salmani Elmehdi , Beraich Mustapha , Elhat Abderrahim , Rouchdi Mustapha , Taibi Mhamed , Ez-Zahraouy Hamid , Hassanain Najem , Mzerd Ahmed
Published: July 2021

Facile synthesis of the challenging 2H-CuFeO2 delafossite nanostructured thin films is reported, and the effect of Sr doping is revealed experimentally and theoretically.
Growth of hopper-shaped CsPbCl3 crystals and their exciton polariton emission
Authors: Zhao Shiqi , Guo Tong , Chu Zihao , Li Yanping , Xu Wanjin , Ran Guangzhao
Published: July 2021

We report hopper-shaped CsPbCl3 crystals grown in a solution droplet and the polariton emission from them.
Solvation effect on the ESIPT mechanism of nitrile-substituted ortho-hydroxy-2-phenyl-oxazolines
Authors: Zhang Hengwei , Li Wenzhi , Wang Yuxi , Tao Yaping , Wang Yi , Yang Fan , Gao Ziqing
Published: July 2021

After photoexcitation, NOHPO could transform from enol to keto form spontaneously, and ESIPT progress was promoted with the decrease in polarity.
Synthesis of novel 2-methyl-3-furyl sulfide flavor derivatives as efficient preservatives
Authors: Xie Jinxin , Liao Benjian , Zhu Hui , Yu Yongfei , Tang Ri-Yuan
Published: July 2021

Foodborne microbial infestation seriously threatens food security, and the development of low-risk food preservatives is highly needed in food production.
Formation of synthetically relevant CF3-substituted phenonium ions in superacid media
Authors: Fernandes Anthony J. , Michelet Bastien , Panossian Armen , Martin-Mingot Agnès , Leroux Frédéric R. , Thibaudeau Sébastien
Published: July 2021

Under superacidic conditions, CF3-substituted phenonium ions can be generated to furnish original CF3-substituted dihydrostilbenes of interest.
Pyrimidine-directed metal-free C–H borylation of 2-pyrimidylanilines: a useful process for tetra-coordinated triarylborane synthesis
Authors: Rej Supriya , Das Amrita , Chatani Naoto
Published: July 2021

We present the metal-free ortho-C–H borylation of 2-pyrimidylanilines to afford synthetically important boronic esters and tetra-coordinated triarylboranes, which could be useful in materials science as well as Lewis-acid catalysts.
Robust substrate anchorages of silk lines with extensible nano-fibres
Authors: Wolff Jonas O. , Liprandi Daniele , Bosia Federico , Joel Anna-Christin , Pugno Nicola M.
Published: July 2021

Silk anchors of orb web spiders exhibit outstanding mechanical robustness with minimal material use by the indirect attachment of the silk line to the substrate through a soft domain (‘bridge’) – a principle usable to design new attachment systems.
Asymmetric desorption of lipid oxidation products induces membrane bending
Authors: Jin Rui , Baumgart Tobias
Published: July 2021

Binding, unbinding, and flipping kinetics of lipid oxidation products can be investigated using a microfluidic approach with micropipette aspiration of giant unilamellar vesicles.
Dynamic axial chirality of ferrocene diamino acids: hydration effects and chiroptical applications
Authors: Zong Zhaohui , Cao Zhaozhen , Hao Aiyou , Xing Pengyao
Published: July 2021

This study unveils the important role of water, beyond merely as a solvent, in regulating the geometry of N-terminal aromatic amino acids and facilitating the fabrication of functional chiral switchable rotor systems.
Utilization of double-sensitized structure toward achieving high performance green and red phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Li Shuaibing , Wu Ruixia , Chen Kai , Sun Weidong , Li Zhenzhen , Zhou Liang
Published: July 2021

High performance green and red phosphorescent OLEDs with double-sensitized structure by using deep lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level iridium(iii) complex as sensitizer.
Cochlear Implant Behavioral Outcomes for Children With Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder: A Mini-Systematic Review
Authors: Myers Katherine , Nicholson Nannette
Published: July 2021

Objective

The aim of this mini-systematic review was to evaluate the evidence reporting speech, language, and auditory behavioral outcome measures for children with a diagnosis of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) who received cochlear implants (CIs) prior to 3 years of age.

Method

A mini-systematic review of the literature supporting evidence-based practices was performed. Two databases were searched utilizing a search strategy derived from the PICO (patient, intervention, comparison, outcome) framework. Peer-reviewed articles published between 2009 and 2019 evaluating children with a diagnosis of ANSD who were implanted prior to 3 years of age with a range of speech, language, and auditory behavioral outcomes were included. Four articles meeting inclusion criteria were critically appraised for reputable research design and risks of bias. Each of the four studies was assigned a level of evidence for effectiveness and quality assessment rating.

Results

Evidence supports cochlear implantation as an appropriate intervention for children with ANSD. Improvements in outcome performance were observed in all the included studies. Children with ANSD fit with CIs can achieve outcomes similar to children with sensorineural hearing loss and CIs, despite the heterogeneity of ANSD.

Conclusion

These findings have implications for clinical practice and for future research with current CI technology for facilitating parent education, counseling, and realistic expectations for children with ANSD and CIs.
Calibration of Consonant Perception to Room Reverberation
Authors: Vlahou Eleni , Ueno Kanako , Shinn-Cunningham Barbara G. , Kopčo Norbert
Published: July 2021

Purpose

We examined how consonant perception is affected by a preceding speech carrier simulated in the same or a different room, for different classes of consonants. Carrier room, carrier length, and carrier length/target room uncertainty were manipulated. A phonetic feature analysis tested which phonetic categories are influenced by the manipulations in the acoustic context of the carrier.

Method

Two experiments were performed, each with nine participants. Targets consisted of 10 or 16 vowel–consonant (VC) syllables presented in one of two strongly reverberant rooms, preceded by a multiple-VC carrier presented in either the same room, a different reverberant room, or an anechoic room. In Experiment 1, the carrier length and the target room randomly varied from trial to trial, whereas in Experiment 2, they were fixed within a block of trials.

Results

Overall, a consistent carrier provided an advantage for consonant perception compared to inconsistent carriers, whether in anechoic or differently reverberant rooms. Phonetic analysis showed that carrier inconsistency significantly degraded identification of the manner of articulation, especially for stop consonants and, in one of the rooms, also of voicing. Carrier length and carrier/target uncertainty did not affect adaptation to reverberation for individual phonetic features. The detrimental effects of anechoic and different reverberant carriers on target perception were similar.

Conclusions

The strength of calibration varies across different phonetic features, as well as across rooms with different levels of reverberation. Even though place of articulation is the feature that is affected by reverberation the most, it is the manner of articulation and, partially, voicing for which room adaptation is observed.
A model‐driven robust deep learning wireless transceiver
Authors: Duan Sirui , Xiang Jingyi , Yu Xiang
Published: July 2021

Recently, deep learning (DL) has been successfully applied in computer vision and natural language processing. The communication physical layer based on deep learning has received widespread attention. Introducing domain‐knowledge into neural networks (NNs), autoencoder based end‐to‐end communication system, incorporating radio transformer networks (RTNs) (RTNs‐AE) has achieved desirable performance with a channel model in the middle layer. The advent of RTNs underscores the power of expertise at DL. However, a tap‐length in the design of RTNs network must be assumed, which requires some channel information. To address this issue, a new deep learning wireless transceiver named pilot‐aided autoencoder (PA‐AE) is proposed. It can decode on a multipath fading channel without knowing the channel information and the equalization module design. The proposed scheme introduces a well‐designed auxiliary pilot, which carries the learned channel information into decoding with the transmitted signal. The decoding part recovers the sent information from the collected signal without specially designed modules for parameter estimation and equalization.
Frequency and nature of central molecular outflows in nearby star-forming disk galaxies
Authors: Stuber Sophia K. , Saito Toshiki , Schinnerer Eva , Emsellem Eric , Querejeta Miguel , Williams Thomas G. , Barnes Ashley T. , Bigiel Frank , Blanc Guillermo , Dale Daniel A. , Grasha Kathryn , Klessen Ralf , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Leroy Adam K. , Meidt Sharon , Pan Hsi-An , Rosolowsky Erik , Schruba Andreas , Sun Jiayi , Usero Antonio
Published: July 2021

Central molecular outflows in spiral galaxies are assumed to modulate their host galaxy’s star formation rate (SFR) by removing gas from the inner region of the galaxy. Outflows consisting of different gas phases appear to be a common feature in local galaxies, yet, little is known about the frequency of molecular outflows in main sequence galaxies in the nearby universe. We develop a rigorous set of selection criteria, which allow the reliable identification of outflows in large samples of galaxies. Our criteria make use of central spectra, position-velocity diagrams and velocity-integrated intensity maps (line-wing maps). We use this method on high-angular resolution CO (2–1) observations from the PHANGS-ALMA survey, which provides observations of the molecular gas for a homogeneous sample of 90 nearby main sequence galaxies at a resolution of ∼100 pc. We find correlations between the assigned outflow confidence and stellar mass or global SFR. We determine the frequency of central molecular outflows to be 25 ± 2% considering all outflow candidates, or 20 ± 2% for secure outflows only. Our resulting outflow candidate sample of 16−20 galaxies shows an overall enhanced fraction of active galactic nuclei (AGN) (50%) and bars (89%) compared to the full sample (galaxies with AGN: 24%, with bar: 61%). We extend the trend between mass outflow rates and SFR known for high outflow rates down to lower values (log10Ṁout[M⊙yr−1] < 0). Mass loading factors are of order unity, indicating that these outflows are not efficient in quenching the SFR in main sequence galaxies.
The relationship between bipolar magnetic regions and their sunspots
Authors: Yeo K. L. , Solanki S. K. , Krivova N. A. , Jiang J.
Published: July 2021

Context. The relationship between bipolar magnetic regions (BMRs) and their sunspots is an important property of the solar magnetic field, but it is not well constrained. One consequence is that it is a challenge for surface flux transport models (SFTMs) based on sunspot observations to determine the details of BMR emergence, which they require as input, from such data.

Aims. We aimed to establish the relationship between the amount of magnetic flux in newly emerged BMRs and the area of the enclosed sunspots, and examine the results of its application to an established SFTM.

Methods. Earlier attempts to constrain BMR magnetic flux were hindered by the fact that there is no extensive and reliable record of the magnetic and physical properties of newly emerged BMRs currently available. We made use of the empirical model of the relationship between the disc-integrated facular and network magnetic flux and the total surface coverage by sunspots reported in a recent study. The structure of the model is such that it enabled us to establish, from these disc-integrated quantities, an empirical relationship between the magnetic flux and sunspot area of individual newly emerged BMRs, circumventing the lack of any proper BMR database.

Results. Applying the constraint on BMR magnetic flux derived here to an established SFTM retained its key features, in particular its ability to replicate various independent datasets and the correlation between the model output polar field at the end of each cycle and the observed strength of the following cycle. The SFTM output indicates that facular and network magnetic flux rises with increasing sunspot magnetic flux at a slowing rate such that it appears to gradually saturate. This is analogous to what earlier studies comparing disc-integrated quantities sensitive to the amount of faculae and network present to sunspot indices had reported. The activity dependence of the ratio of facular and network flux to sunspot flux is consistent with the findings of recent studies: although the Sun is faculae-dominated (such that its brightness is mostly positively correlated with activity), it is only marginally so as facular and network brightening and sunspot darkening appear to be closely balanced.
Magnetic Refrigeration: emerging technology for sustainable refrigeration
Authors: Botoc Dorin , Siroux Monica , Salceanu Alexandru
Published: July 2021

This article presents the magnetic refrigeration technology that is based on the magnetocaloric effect, heating or cooling of a magnetic material when the applied magnetic field changes. The first part of the paper shows an introductory study of the evolution of this technology over the years, continuing with the presentation of the magnetic regenerator model, which is composed of two heat exchangers with parallel plates of magnetocaloric material, gadolinium and are separated by heat transfer agent flow channels. The benefits and advantages of this technology are described, in the context of the current stage of development.
Complex Fourier series expansion for the liquid-solid phase transition in PCM layers: transient and steady state periodic regimes
Authors: Santiago Acosta Rubén Dario , Hernández-Cooper Ernesto Manuel , Otero José Antonio , Pérez-Álvarez Rolando
Published: July 2021

Semi-analytical solutions to the classical two phase Stefan problem are proposed. Time dependent solutions to the one-dimensional liquid-solid phase transition in a PCM wallboard subjected to isothermal and periodic Dirichlet boundary conditions are obtained. Transient and steady state solutions are found in finite size systems, and the semi-analytical solutions are validated through the asymptotic time limit behaviour of the phase transition. In this work, complex Fourier methods are proposed to find the solutions in the transient and steady state periodic regimes. Semi-analytical solutions based on the heat balance integral method (HBIM) are used to verify the consistency of the proposed method. The Fourier method can be pictured as a generalization of the phasors based method recently introduced by other authors. The proposed method incorporates a complete set of complex functions, which allows finding the transient and steady state response of the system. Finally, solutions for the time dependent interface position, liquid and solid temperature distributions and the thermal energy penetrating through the PCM wallboard, are shown. The solutions from the proposed method are found to be consistent when compared to the semi-analytical solutions estimated through the HBIM.
Innovative wine products quality management system on Sevastopol region example
Authors: Alesina Natalya , Posnaya Elena , Kuzmin Andrey
Published: July 2021

The article presents results of the current state studies of the wine industry in the Sevastopol region. It has been established that the problem of the viticulture development and winemaking in this region is not so much in the wine production technological aspects, but in the quality of raw materials for the production of wine products and the yield of grape plantations, as well as in ensuring that the price and wine products quality are consistent with the population purchasing power. Based on the results of the study, the feasibility of using innovative quality control technologies in the Sevastopol agro-industrial cluster was substantiated, ways of integrating the “precision viticulture” project into the organizational and economic structure of the Sevastopol agro-industrial cluster were developed. The structure of investment costs for the project of the meteorological platform “Demetra” implementation has been determined and the organizational structure of the “Digital Quality Center” has been developed. The possibility of using various financing options for a joint project of cluster participants to create a quality management system for the wine industry in the Sevastopol was considered.
Sustainable development in the regions of the Russian Federation: socio-economic aspect
Authors: Zharnikov Yuri , Belousov Alexei , Terskikh Anastasia
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the implementation of the concept of sustainable development, carried out within the framework of the corresponding target model, based on the principle of balancing economic, social and environmental development. The role of the economic block is decisive in the implementation of the target model of sustainable development. At the same time, social and environmental components act to a certain extent in the role of constraints and setting goals for economic development. What are the key goals of the economic block within the framework of the concept of sustainable development of society: ensuring employment of the population with decent wages, solving the problems of creating a safe and favorable climate for the socio-cultural development of society; creation of acceptable conditions for the preservation of the natural environment, capable of meeting the corresponding needs of present and future generations.
Financial system in the conditions of digitalization of the modern economy
Authors: Baiguzina Luza , Galimova Guzalia , Nurdavlyatova Elvira
Published: July 2021

This article is devoted to the consideration of the features of the financial system in the context of the digitalization of the modern economy. The authors cite the key aspects of the methodology of scientific knowledge of digital transformation. The methodological approach to defining the digital economy in the financial system is considered. So, as the materials of the theoretical part of the study, the collection, systematization, analysis of data and statistical reference books of the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Bashkortostan, reports of the Government of the Republic were used, materials were analyzed to determine the Digital Russia index of the Moscow School of Management Skolkovo and others. numerous open sources of information. The collection and analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators of digital inequality in the Republic of Bashkortostan was carried out, statistics of indicators of digitalization of the tax system of the Republic were considered
Gender differences in adaptive reactions of students in the development of educational innovations as a factor of sustainable development
Authors: Bashkireva Tatyana , Bashkireva Anastasia
Published: July 2021

The sustainability of the development of society depends and is secure by the safety of health of human capital. The article presents the results of a study of gender differences in adaptive reactions of students in the development of educational innovations using the non-invasive method of heart rate variability. Comparative analysis of heart rate measurements among the surveyed students showed that both boys and girls had tachycardia during the lessons. In boys, an increase in the stress index revealed that was reliably associated with the tension of the parasympathetic system, and in girls - the sympathetic system of autonomic regulation of heart rhythm control. A wide individual range of adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system of young men and women to the impact of ICT revealed. The data obtained more indicative of biological (sex) differences in adaptive responses in the implementation of information technology in education. Our research has shown gender differences in adaptive responses. We observed a significant correlation between stress and the reaction of the autonomic nervous system. It is necessary to prevent the disturbance of the adaptive of the body. Therefore, we must create a safe environment for the health of students. It is desirable to reduce the time spent in the information space (up to 80 minutes, followed by a break). Since the research conducted on a small sample and one educational institution, it is necessary to research this issue on a larger representative sample.
Mechanism for Assessing the Level of Development of the Innovative Environment of the Region
Authors: Alekseeva Elza , Kotov Dmitrii
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of research on the management of cooperation in the innovative environment of the region. The research, the results of which are presented in the article, is aimed at finding a solution to the problem of assessing the level of development of the innovative environment of the region and the selection of cooperation tools to achieve the best results of innovation activity for companies. The methodological approach has been developed for assessing the level of development of the innovative environment of the region in the context of technological and regional unevenness. A mathematical toolkit is proposed to describe the process of development of the innovative environment of the region. An algorithm for managing cooperation in an innovative environment is described. The results of approbation of the methodological approach on the materials of three regions of the Russian Federation are revealed: the Belgorod region, the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Udmurt Republic. Brief recommendations for the management of cooperation in the innovative environment of the regions are formulated.
Regional innovation systems efficiency analyses and evaluation: DEA approach implementation
Authors: Dzyubenko Irina
Published: July 2021

The innovative transformation is a necessary condition for sustainable economic development. The study reveals an assessment and comparative analysis of the Regional Innovation Systems’ (RIS) performance in the Russian Federation using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The DEA model under the Variable Return to Scale (VRS) assumption, focused on output parameters, is used to estimate the relative technical efficiency of regions based on several input and output parameters. Based on the obtained results, a rating of regions was compiled: four groups of regions were identified depending on their technical efficiency level. It was revealed that the leading regions by innovative development level are assessed by the DEA somewhat differently. A comparative analysis of the innovation systems performance at the regional and federal levels allowed us to identify the most and least effective subjects of the Russian Federation, federal districts and economic regions. The main conclusion is that less than a third of the Russian regions use their production capabilities as efficient as possible, the remaining regions can significantly improve the way they use the available resources. The results of the study might be used in making managerial decisions at the country, federal districts and regions levels in order to develop measures and mechanisms for improving the efficiency of regional innovation systems.
Efficient multi-period distribution mechanism for the innovation investment system under uncertainty
Authors: Gurtuev Alim , Derkach Elena , Sabanchiev Anzor
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we study the problem of a venture investor who distributes the budget between several innovation projects under conditions of uncertainty. A common method for solving this problem is through bilateral negotiations with the external evaluation of projects. However, the effectiveness almost entirely depends on the evaluation quality, but external evaluation seldom reduces the knowledge asymmetry for innovation projects. We propose an iterative revelation mechanism for this problem when the investor sequentially offers possible allocations of the limited budget in the form of threshold dividing questions. The binary choices of innovators serve as a signal of internal estimates of the project implementation costs. Under perfect information, such a mechanism, regardless of the method for determining budget allocations, always produces an effective allocation in subgame-perfect Nash equilibrium. Under uncertainty, the method of offering distribution options matters – the optimal solution is found under the English auction class of mechanisms. In an efficient iterative allocation mechanism for innovation investment, the investor proposes a new allocation of the budget each round until an efficient allocation is achieved. The proposed mechanism does not necessarily need to identify the exact minimum budgets for each innovator. Another advantage of the proposed mechanism is the ability to use different processes for organizing rounds.
Design of Intelligent Customer Service Report System Based on Automatic Speech Recognition and Text Classification
Authors: Zou Yunlong , Liu Xiangyu , Xu Hongyan , Hou Yingzhe , Qi Jialiang
Published: July 2021

In combination with features such as intensive labor and speech in the customer service report field, this paper discusses the design of a customer service report system based on artificial intelligence automatic speech recognition technology and big data text classification technology. The proposed system realizes functions like a flat IVR menu, quick transcription and input of work orders, dynamic tracking of failure hotspots, automatic classification and accumulation of the knowledge base, speech emotion detection and real-time supervision of service quality, and it can improve the user experience and reduce the labor strengths of customer service staff. The automatically accumulated knowledge base can further assist with feedback to resolve the difficult problem that the emerging intelligent network Q&A and intelligent robots rely on a manually summarized knowledge base.
Increasing the energy efficiency and environmental safety of the operation of smallvolume furnaces by adding a water-fuel mixture and organic components
Authors: Kulagina Liudmila , Yenutina Tamara , Kirillova Irina
Published: July 2021

Industrialisation is trending manufacturing revolution vector, an urgent task is to increase the energy efficiency and environmental safety of small-volume furnaces processes, which are widely applied in the agricultural industry, asphalt concrete plants, etc. In many countries, there are practically no working coal mines or open-pit mines left. However, in a number of regions, coal waste remained in the form of coal dust, ash or in the form of sludge. Utilization of coal dust by preparation of coal-water fuel (CWF) with subsequent combustion of the mixture is currently being applied as the most suitable method. The article discusses improvement of the technology for the preparation of coal-water fuel by applying the effects of hydrodynamic cavitation and adding waste from the livestock complex.
Development of the circumpolar territories of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kulagina Tatiana , Kulagin Vladimir , Tereshkov Valerii
Published: July 2021

This article considers the possibility of sustainable development of the eastern territories of Russia from the Ural to the Pacific Ocean, which concentrate the overwhelming part of the country’s natural resources. An approach for the development of economic policy, making optimal economic decisions in the field of assessing the prevented damage is presented. It is noted that the underestimation of environmental parameters leads to a distortion of the analysis of economic development through traditional indicators of the gross national product, etc., the growth of which may cover the environmental degradation. A new method for assessing the prevented economic damage during environmental protection measures was proposed, which takes into account various technical and design features of dust cleaning systems. By using the proposed methodology it seems possible to assess the expected damage to the environment, the economic efficiency of the project being developed, and select the most profitable area for the location of dust-cleaning equipment at the design stage. A criterion for evaluating the effectiveness when comparing installations of various designs were proposed.
On the Possibility of Using Renewable Energy Sources for Operation of Microwave Convective Drying of Grain
Authors: Budnikov Dmitry
Published: July 2021

Currently, the power supply of agricultural enterprises should be designed considering not only the required installed capacity but also the peculiarities of production. Thus, the presence of livestock operations implies waste, the disposal of which entails costs. At the same time, feed preparation, including drying of fodder grain is associated with significant energy costs. Thus, the availability of biogas equipment will allow the synthesis of utilization technologies in the form of processing into biogas and the energy supply of equipment to carry out drying. At the same time, attention should be paid to technologies with reduced energy consumption for technological processes. For example, microwave convective or infrared convective drying of grain. These technologies have a reduced energy consumption for moisture removal, but the installed capacity of the equipment is higher than in traditional technologies. This work is aimed at investigating the ratio of heat and electric energy expended in the process of microwave convective drying and the choice of possible renewable energy sources for the implementation of technological operations. Considering that drying of grain is mainly carried out during the harvesting period before storing, it allows considering energy equipment as a source of thermal energy in the cold period, when drying is not required.
Nonlinear educational process
Authors: Grigoriev Evgeny , Valeev Azat , Musin Shagit
Published: July 2021

The article describes the features of organizing a competently oriented educational process of the university, showing its strengths and weaknesses. The features of nonlinear management of educational organizations and nonlinear construction of the educational process are described. Higher education development in Russia is proposed. The importance of the personality of students, the importance of the formation of professionally significant personality traits is indicated. The data of the survey (attitude of students to the existing educational process) of graduate students and their analysis are presented. New directions and conditions for the organization of a nonlinear educational process at the university are considered - blended learning using the traditional form of work (face to face), electronic and distance technologies, electronic information educational environment, modular structuring of educational material, etc.
Information accompaniment of the educational process of realization in the sustainable development interests at the University
Authors: Gagarina Larisa , Shevnina Julia , Chirkov Andrew
Published: July 2021

This article talks about the opportunity of possibly using a specialized automated system for information support of the implementation of the educational process in the interests of sustainable development at university. The usage of the system will allow to increase the educational efficiency of the specialists in the field of ecology, sociology and economics using integration and implementation of resources, experience and readymade sustainable development projects into the educational process by experts, teachers, partners and groups of scientists. Besides, the organization of interaction in the system between all project participants will help develop and strengthen horizontal links between them. The relevance of the implementation of the social component in such systems is shown.
Sustanaible Methods of Improving Kanji Learning Skills for Japanese Language Learners at Basic Level at FPT University
Authors: Tan Danh Nguyen
Published: July 2021

When learning Japanese, it can be said that the biggest barrier for new learners is learning Kanji. Different from Hiragana and Katakana, the number of Kanji characters is large. In writing, a lot of Kanji words have more than 20 strokes and even one Kanji has different ways of readings and meanings. When learning Kanji, learners must remember the typeface of the word, its pronunciation and its meaning. In order to be able to read and understand documents such as letters or newspapers and to communicate in Japanese in daily activities, the number of Kanji needed to learn can be up to 1000 words. This article is based on a variety of references on how to learn Kanji of foreign students, survey done by Japanese language students of different levels of current Kanji learning methods, thereby comparing, analyze current learning methods and propose methods to improve Kanji learning skills for Japanese learners at elementary level.
Effective strain range-based prediction and analysis of the fatigue life of pipette shaft seal ring
Authors: Wang Chenxue , Su Qian , Huang Zeng , Lian Zhiping , Liu Yu
Published: July 2021

The accuracy of nucleic acid extraction and diagnosis depends on the sealing performance of the pipetting device. The rubber seal ring at the front end of the pipette shaft is a critical component for ensuring the sealing performance of the pipetting device. In this study, an accurate prediction and analysis were made on the fatigue life of the pipette shaft seal ring. ABAQUS was used to simulate the assembly process of pipette shaft seal ring and disposable tip, and the dangerous cross-section segments on the seal rings were preliminarily identified according to a stress nephogram. Based on the continuum damage mechanics theory, the fatigue life prediction model was built where the effective strain was taken as a damage parameter, and the fatigue life of the dangerous cross-section of the pipette shaft seal ring was calculated. By observing failed seal rings in actual use, it was found that the worn positions of the failed seal rings were the same as the sites of the shortest-lived node segments, thus verifying the accuracy of fatigue life prediction model and fatigue life analysis.
Productivity of sunflower hybrids with erectoid leaves at various plant densities
Authors: Bushnev Aleksandr S. , Demurin Yakov N. , Orekhov Gennady I.
Published: July 2021

We carried out the research in 2018–2019 in the Western Ciscaucasia on leached chernozem, low-humus, extra-heavy, heavy-loamy to study the possibility of cultivation of new sunflower genotypes with a compact habitus at a high plant density (80 000, 100 000 and 120 000 plants/ha) and a row width of 35 cm. We chose sunflower hybrids of the breeding of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops with the normal (Triumph and Berkut) and the erectoid (Triumph er-2, Triumph Er-3, Berkut er-2, Berkut Er-3) leaf position as an object of research. The high lodging capacity of the erectoid hybrids Triumph еr-2 (30.2%) and Triumph Еr-3 (10.9%) suggests potential yield losses due to non-threshing of heads during the combine harvesting. The highest productivity and oil content of seeds of normal and erectoid hybrids was obtained at the plant density of 80 000 plants/ha. The densification of sowings to 100 000 and 120 000 plants/ha led to a decrease in the traits of yield structure and productivity. The limited resources of the environment do not allow achieving both high productivity and product quality in sowings with the plant density exceeding 80 000 plants/ha. The compact habitus of sunflower plants is not a determining factor in the development of productivity of sowings with a high plant density.
Implementation of an Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Pathway to Reduce Inpatient Opioid Consumption after Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Tepper Jared L. , Harris Olivia M. , Triebwasser Jourdan E. , Ewing Stephanie H. , Mehta Aasta D. , Delaney Erica J. , Sehdev Harish M.
Published: July 2021

Objective Opioid prescription after cesarean delivery is excessive and can lead to chronic opioid use disorder. We assessed the impact of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway on inpatient opioid consumption after cesarean delivery.

Study Design An ERAS pathway was implemented as a quality improvement initiative in December 2019. Preintervention (PRE) data were collected from March to May 2019 to assess baseline opioid consumption. Postintervention (POST) data were collected from January to March 2020. The primary outcome was inpatient postoperative opioid consumption in morphine milligram equivalents (MME). Secondary outcomes included the consumption of any opioids, postpartum length of stay, and opioid prescription at discharge.

Results A total of 92 women were in the PRE group and 91 were in the POST group. Inpatient opioid consumption decreased by 87.3% from PRE to POST, from 124.7 (interquartile range [IQR]: 10–181.6) MME to 15.8 (IQR: 0–75) MME (p < 0.001). There was no difference in median postpartum length of stay (3.4 days PRE vs. 3.3 days POST; p = 0.12). The proportion of women who did not consume any opioids increased by 75.4% from PRE to POST (p = 0.02). The proportion of women discharged with an opioid prescription decreased by 25.6% from PRE to POST (p = 0.007), despite no formal change to prescribing practices. After adjustment for differences in race/ethnicity and gravidity, there was still a reduction in total inpatient opioid consumption (p < 0.001) and an increase in the proportion of women not consuming any opioids (adjusted relative risk (RR): 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–3.87), but the difference in rate of prescription of opioids at discharge was no longer statistically significant (adjusted RR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.48–1.02).

Conclusion Adoption of an ERAS pathway for cesarean delivery resulted in a marked reduction in inpatient opioid consumption. Such a pathway can be implemented across institutions and may be a powerful tool in combating the opioid epidemic.

Key Points
Clinical Profile of Indian Children with Down Syndrome
Authors: Panigrahi Inusha , Bhatt Yogita , Malik Shivani , Kaur Parminder , Kaur Anupriya
Published: July 2021

This retrospective study was performed on 208 patients with Down syndrome (DS) from heterogeneous ethnic population and admitted under Genetics Metabolic Unit. The aim of the study was to look for phenotypic variability and associated complications in children and adolescents with DS. The average age of the evaluated DS patients was 34 months. Cardiac anomalies were found in 128 (62%) of the 208 cases. Among the cardiac disorders, atrial septal defects accounted for 30% of cases. Other complications observed were hypothyroidism and developmental delay in around 31% cases and neonatal cholestasis in 14% cases. Also, we report two cases with Moya-Moya disease and one case with atlanto-axial dislocation.
‘No One Should Be Terrified Like I Was!’ Exploring Drivers and Impacts of Child Marriage in Protracted Crises Among Palestinian and Syrian Refugees
Authors: Hamad Bassam Abu , Elamassie Samah , Oakley Erin , Alheiwidi Sarah , Baird Sarah
Published: July 2021

Exacerbated by 9 years of conflict and displacement, child marriage among Syrian refugees appears to be increasing, while in Gaza, the noticeable reduction in child brides over the past two decades has recently plateaued. This comparative study explores drivers and consequences of child marriage in protracted crises, drawing on mixed-methods research from Gaza and Jordan with married adolescent girls and their parents. Our findings suggest that conflict reignites pre-existing drivers of child marriage, especially conservative norms around family honour and clan inter-marriage. Poverty is a strong driver of child marriage among Syrian refugees, while social protection programmes and educational opportunities for girls have played a protective role in Gaza. In both contexts, our findings underscore the multiple and intersecting negative effects of child marriage on girls’ health and bodily integrity, and point to the urgency of tackling this harmful practice to ensure that no adolescent is left behind.