bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF MUMMIFIED TURK SALTY FIBER CONCRETE AS PROTECTION AGAINST SALTY DOMES AND DESERT INTRUSION
Authors: Turk Afshin , Ghanavatizadeh SHabnam
Published: October 2023

Turk salty fiber concrete is designed to isolate retaining walls against saline materials. In 2018, TSFC mixture design was applied to the salt domes in the GOTVAND reservoir dam, SE of Iran in order to isolate them enormous salt ridges were discovered inside the dam reservoir before construction operations began in 2005 which are also identifiable through the use of geotechnical maps. The designed mixture of TSFC contains salt stone (S), water (W), cement type II (CII), bentonite (B), clay (C) and cotton or synthetic fibers (F). In the laboratory, TSFC is produced taking into account the variable of saline water. The figure ζ is defined by the proportion of the weight of the salt and water over the weight of the combined mixture of cement, bentonite, clay and fibers. The maximum value ζ has been obtained as being a bit over 6.5 for laboratory samples. It means that more than 87% of the sample weight is related to saline water and 13% is related to other materials (CII, B, C and F). The axial load test is the main index to compare resistance with friction of salt formations. The results obtained show the axial resistance of broken TSFC samples to be more 12,000 KPA. SEM images were taken to study TSFC adhesiveness between the salt and fibers. The SEM showed cubic crystallization which in itself supports the hypothesis of salty mummification due to the integrating of the salt concrete and fibers.
COMPARISON OF THE MECHANICAL AND TRANSPORT BEHAVIOR OF PIT SAND AND QUARRY DUST CONCRETE
Authors: Bediako Mark , Amankwah Eric Opoku , Appiah-Kubi Emmanuel , Asante Nelson
Published: October 2023

In recent times, there is growing interest among many countries in the global south in the use of manufactured sand (quarry dust) for concrete production instead of natural sand (pit sand), the traditional sand for concrete formulation. However, the engineering data underpinning the interest in the use of quarry dust is not well documented. In this study, a comparative investigation was made between the use of the two fine aggregates, quarry dust (QD), and pit sand (PS). Two different batches of concrete with a strength class of 30MPa were prepared. The engineering parameters investigated included compressive strength, water absorption, porosity, and chloride penetration. The late strength of 28 and 56 days of pit sand (PS) was approximately 18 and 19% higher than quarry dust (QD). The chloride penetration at the late curing period of 28 and 56 days for pit sand was 4 and 7%, respectively, lower than the quarry dust concrete. The test results indicated that the strengths and transport properties of the pit sand concrete performed much better than the quarry dust concrete.
EFFECTS OF CIRCULAR HOLES DRILLED IN WOOD JOISTS
Authors: Islam AKM Anwarul , Thomas Joshua
Published: October 2023

Holes are drilled in wood joists for routing pipes, wires or other components. This research investigated the effects of these holes on the shear and bending stresses in a wood joist. Strengths are calculated using the reduced section properties accounting for the holes. The question is whether the reduction in cross-section may account for any other stress concentration factors that may be present due to the discontinuity. It is also important to determine whether a stress concentration factor needs to be applied to wood joists with holes in them. A finite element model was created to determine the actual stresses in members with holes in their cross-sections. Holes of variable size and location were added to the members. Structural analyses were performed using standard procedures and found out that the stresses based on reduced cross-sectional properties were much less than that of the finite element model. Therefore, the calculation of stresses based on the reduced cross-sectional properties of a member does not adequately account for stress risers at the discontinuity. It was also found from the finite element model that the reduction in cross-section generates an increase in stress that is a fraction of the actual stress increase. It was suggested from this research to limit the location of a hole within a member’s cross-section to the middle third and to apply some stress concentration factors to account for the holes for both shear and bending stresses.
SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE WITH GROUND FERRONICKEL SLAG AS SUPPLEMENTARY CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL
Authors: Nuruzzaman Md , Sarker Prabir Kumar
Published: October 2023

Ferronickel slag (FNS) is a by-product of the smelting of nickel ore. When ground to powder, it can be used to partially replace ordinary Portland cement (OPC). This study focused on the production of self-compacting concrete (SCC) by replacing OPC with 20%, 35%, and 50% ground ferronickel slag (GFNS). In addition, natural sand was replaced by FNS in all the mixtures. Thus, the significance of this research is the conservation of natural resources by the dual use of FNS and GFNS. The fresh properties of SCC were evaluated as per EFNARC. The results show that the concrete mixtures using FNS and GFNS together met the criteria of SCC. Concrete microstructure was investigated by SEM images, and a detailed phase assemblage was studied by XRD. The highest 28 days compressive strength was found as 68 MPa in the mixture with 35% GFNS. The 50% cement replacement by GFNS showed the lowest compressive strength among all the mixes. The splitting tensile strength results followed a similar development as compressive strength. Hence, it implies that FNS can be a potential eco-friendly material that can be used in the production of SCC
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF SEISMIC RESPONSE OF STEEL CYLINDRICAL LNG STORAGE TANKS
Authors: Mamaghani iraj Hossein Pouli , Ullah Shafqat
Published: October 2023

Numerical analysis of the seismic response of steel cylindrical LNG (liquified natural gas) storage tanks is essential to designing such structures to ensure their safety and structural integrity during earthquake events. The seismic analysis involves the assessment of the tank's response to ground motion and evaluating its structural performance under seismic loads. The LNG storage tanks' seismic behavior is rarely reported when the tank is subjected to strong earthquakes. This paper evaluates the vibration characteristic (modal analysis) and the seismic response analysis, e.g., time history response, displacement vs. time, and distribution of the maximum Von-Mises stresses of the perfect cylindrical storage tanks. This paper uses the finite element analysis (FEA) technique using ABAQUS CAE-2019 to evaluate the seismic capacity in peak ground acceleration (PGA). Three perfect cylindrical tanks (PCT) have been considered first for modal analysis, with two having high-yielding strength and the rest with low-yielding strength. Then El-Centro 1940 seismic waves are applied as a horizontal ground motion at the fixed base of the tanks. Finally, the results from the modal analysis regarding the first natural frequency of the tank models are compared with those obtained from experiments. The result’s comparisons illustrate that the numerical simulation agrees well with the experimental test results.
BUCKLING BEHAVIOR OF RING STIFFENED-ALUMINUM CYLINDERS SUBJECTED TO EXTERNAL PRESSURE
Authors: Tabish FNU , Mamaghani Iraj H.P.
Published: October 2023

Ring stiffeners are preferably used to enhance thin-walled cylindrical shell buckling resistance while subjected to external lateral pressure. A comprehensive finite element (FE) numerical study investigated the influence of external ring stiffeners varying from 3 to 17 on the buckling strength of thin-walled stiffened aluminum cylinders. Ten ring-stiffened cylinders were modelled using an ANSYS workbench 2021, whose stiffener dimensions were varied such that the overall weight for all ring-stiffened cylinders remained constant. The FE results indicate that specimens with nine and a larger number of stiffeners with lower strength failed in the overall flexural buckling mode (OFBM), and the other with seven and a lesser number of stiffeners with higher strength failed in the local shell buckling mode (LSBM). The optimum number of stiffeners is obtained when both failure modes occur simultaneously. Experimental results and the theoretical solution with reasonable accuracy substantiate the FE results. The experimental, theoretical, and finite element (FE) results indicate that the ring stiffener’s optimum size and spacing can improve the stiffened cylinder buckling strength since critical buckling pressure and failure mode shape were influenced by the ring stiffener’s size and spacing.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TUNNEL LINING CONCRETE STRENGTHENED WITH CARBON-FIBER COMPOSITE CABLES AND SHEETS
Authors: Yoshitake Isamu , Morimoto Shingo , Ueno Shinji , Hayashi Hisahi
Published: October 2023

Most lining concretes of road tunnels in Japan have been gradually deteriorated by aging and various environmental effects. The study focuses on a strengthening system for tunnel lining concrete (TLC) subjected to external forces. Carbon fiber (CF) sheets are often used in TLC for preventing concrete exfoliation. The strengthening effect of CF sheet for TLC was not sufficiently known. The experimental study conducted a mock-up loading test to examine failure mode and load-capacity of the TLC model bonding CF sheet. In addition, the study prepared TLC models strengthened with near-surface mounted (NSM) technique using carbon-fiber composite cables (CFCC). The strengthening effects of CF sheet and NSM-CFCC were quantified and compared via the mock-up loading test. The experimental study revealed that the TLC model bonding CF sheet failed by intermediate-crack-induced debonding at around 100 kN, and the load carrying capacity was almost equivalent to the capacity of non-strengthened TLC model. On the other hand, the NSM-CFCC strengthened TLC model indicated higher ductility after concrete cracking and superior load capacity. The experimental study confirmed the NSM-CFCC as an effective strengthening system for TLC members.
POST-FIRE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT OF SLIP-CRITICAL CONNECTIONS
Authors: Chang Heui-Yung , Li Chi Wei , Liao Chutsen , Lin Ker-Chun , Lai Chi-Ming , Jhuang Sheng-Jhih
Published: October 2023

Steel buildings may encounter fire events during their life cycle. There is a necessity of exploring the ways of assessing the remaining capacity of steel structures after exposure to high temperature. In this study, the post-fire mechanical properties of slip-critical connections and the adopted high strength bolts are experimentally studied using an electronic furnace, an electronic torsion wrench, strain gauges and a universal testing machine. Each of the slip-critical connections is composed of a single JIS F10T high strength bolt and an A36 steel PL-70x70x18 (mm) with a standard hole in the center. The test parameters are elevated temperature (400°C, 600°C and 800°C) and exposure time (60 min, 90 min and 120 min). The test items include: (1) torque strength, (2) torque coefficient, and (3) bolt pretension. The tests are made before and after the connections are exposed to high temperature. The results obtained from the above tests can be used as an important reference for judging whether a steel structure continues to be used after fire damage.
A UNIFIED MACHINE LEARNING MODEL TO PREDICT ULTIMATE TENSILE AND BOND CAPACITY OF FRCM
Authors: Holsamudrkar Nikhil , Banerjee Sauvik , Tewari Asim
Published: October 2023

Fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) is a new-era material for strengthening concrete and masonry structures. Unlike Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP), it has excellent substrate bond properties. However, FRCM shows intra-fiber slip and Fiber-matrix debonding as its major failure modes, effectively reducing its ultimate load-carrying capacity. It has led to broad research scope, and researchers have used permutations and combinations of various types of fibers, matrices, coatings, and substrates to improve the tensile and bond properties of the FRCM composites. Additionally, other experimental parameters, such as rate of loading and experimental setup (clevis, hydraulic or mechanical), affect the tensile and bond properties of FRCM composites. Complex failure modes and parameters make tensile and bond capacity prediction very difficult. Previous attempts by researchers showed the effectiveness of machine learning in predicting the bond capacity of the FRCM composites. Artificial neural network (ANN) based models have also been used successfully to predict the flexural capacity of FRCM-strengthened masonry panels. This study develops a unified machine learning-based model to predict bond and tensile capacity using complex tree-based algorithms such as extra tree regressor, categorically boosted trees, extreme Gradient boosted trees, etc. The authors extracted 603 data points from the literature to develop and validate the model; this includes 345 data points from tensile testing and 258 data points from FRCM-concrete bond testing. It is found that the developed tree-based model predicts the ultimate tensile and bond capacity with about 93% and 95% overall accuracy, respectively.
NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF FULL-SCALE EXTERNAL POST-TENSIONED CONCRETE BOX GIRDER AT JACKING AND SERVICE
Authors: IRAWAN CANDRA , Piscesa Bambang , Tambusay Asdam , Purnomo Sidiq , Subagiono Gatut Santoso , Suprobo Priyo
Published: October 2023

This paper presents the modelling of a 47-meter of simply supported full-scale external post-tensioned concrete box girder in a bridge using in-house software 3D-NLFEA. The Girder was designed with sections, adequate reinforcements, and the jacking force according to the codes to resist the live load. The objective of this work is to assess the global structural response i.e., the load and deflection capacity under service loading. The detailed response of anchorage and deviator segments concerning their micro-cracking behavior during jacking transfer and service load conditions was also discussed. The constitutive model of materials applied to the modelling covered the hardening and softening of concrete under tension and compression, the nonlinearity of mild steel reinforcement, and prestressing tendons. The first stage was to simulate the self-weight of the girder simultaneously with the application of jacking forces from the tendons. The second stage was to load the girder under three-point bending to replicate the typical wheel axle from vehicles. The load was in the form of displacement-controlled and it was applied at the top midspan. From the results obtained, it was shown that under service limit state conditions, the load-displacement curve of the girder was linear at elastic. Cracks in allowable limit manifested in several parts of anchorage and deviator segments by the end of prestressing sequences. This highlighted the importance of providing crack control reinforcement to alleviate the progression of cracks under jacking service load conditions.
OPTIMIZATION OF SUSTAINABLE PROFIT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HALL STRUCTURES
Authors: Kravanja Stojan , Žula Tomaž
Published: October 2023

The paper presents the optimization of the sustainable profit in the production of hall buildings. It focuses on single-story halls with either steel or timber frames. The discrete class of optimization is performed with mixed-integer nonlinear programming. The Modified Outer-Approximation/ Equality-Relaxation algorithm is used. Separate optimization models are developed for steel and timber structures, each with two different objectives: sustainable and economic profits, which are subjected to design and dimensioning constraints. The material costs of the structure are defined in detail, while the transportation, machinery and labor costs are calculated as a function of the material costs. The sustainable profit includes eco costs of global warming. A numerical example at the end of the article shows the optimization of sustainable and economic profits in the construction of a hall structure. The calculated sustainable and economic profits in the case of the steel structure are higher than the profits of the timber frame structure due to the high cost of glulam in the market. Nevertheless, the eco costs of global warming in the case of timber construction show a much smaller relative increase compared to the material costs.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INTEGRITY OF STEEL RAILROAD BRIDGES RENEWED WITH POLYMER CEMENT AFTER 10 YEARS
Authors: TANIGCHI NOZOMU , SEKIGUCHI MINORU
Published: October 2023

Renewal of a steel railroad bridge using polymer cement and fast-strength lightweight concrete has been proposed. This is referred to as the renewal of an existing steel railroad bridge with composite construction. This enabled a reduction in stress amplitude and a longer service life of more than 50 years. At the same time, a reduction of about 10 decibels in noise and vibration was achieved, improving environmental compatibility. This renewed structure was actually applied to a steel railroad bridge in Japan 10 years ago. This steel railroad bridge is the Kawashima overpass of Sagami Railway in Yokohama. After the renewal construction, the bridge has continued to be used under heavy traffic in Japan and is still in service 10 years later. This report describes the condition of this steel railroad bridge after 10 years and investigates the durability of this renewed structure. This report proves that this renewal structure is effective.
AN INTELLIGENT ISOLATION SYSTEM BASED-ON LONG SHORT-TERM MEMORY MODULE MODEL FOR GROUND MOTION CHARACTERISTICS PREDICTION
Authors: Lin Tzu Kang , Lu Lyan-Ywan , Lin Chi-Ying
Published: October 2023

An intelligent control system based on a semi-active variable stiffness isolation system and the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is proposed in this study. In the field of semi-active control, the design of control laws relies on the measurement and feedback of the structural response when an earthquake occurs. The optimal control parameters should be determined in real time to achieve the performance-oriented control target by identifying the ground motion characteristics, which have a great influence on the control performance in the early stage. To deploy the optimal control parameters, a LSTM-based module for predicting ground motion characteristics is first proposed. In addition, a sensitivity analysis using the world-wide ground motion database is also conducted, and the representative cases are selected to optimize the fuzzy inference surface for the Leverage-type Stiffness Controllable Isolation System (LSCIS). Numerical simulation indicates, by using the proposed GA-LSTM control system, prominent effect of suppressing the isolation displacement and superstructure acceleration for near-fault and far-field ground motions can be achieved respectively. Series of shaking table tests was also conducted to verify the actual control performance of the proposed system. Both numerical and experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed intelligent control system has high efficiency and reliability to protect the structures from earthquakes of all types of ground motion characteristics.
SHRINKAGE MITIGATING STRATEGIES ON HIGH-PERFORMANCE SELF-CONSOLIDATING CONCRETE (HP-SCC)
Authors: Mamaghani Iraj , Turner Reed , Mwaura Njiru
Published: October 2023

Cracking in high-performance self-consolidating concrete (HP-SCC) is a significant concern that must be addressed during design and construction. HP-SCC is a concrete type reinforced with high-strength fibers, such as steel or synthetic fibers, to enhance its mechanical properties. HP-SCC is known for its high flowability and ability to self-consolidate without vibration, exceptional strength, durability, and crack resistance compared to conventional concrete. HP-SCC is highly durable and can withstand various environmental conditions and aggressive exposures. Combining high-strength fibers and advanced cementitious materials in HP-SCC improves resistance to chemical attacks, freeze-thaw cycles, abrasion, and impact. Utilizing an expansive agent (EA), shrinkage-reducing admixture (SRA), and saturated lightweight sand (LWS) ensures HP-SCC with a low risk of cracking. This study investigates using different types of EAs to improve compressive and flexural properties. Furthermore, the study investigates the combination of fiber, EA, and LWS in promoting high resistance to autogenous and total shrinkage. The dense microstructure of HP-SCC also contributes to its durability by reducing permeability and minimizing the ingress of moisture and harmful substances.
POTENTIAL USE OF GLASS WASTE POWDER AS A CEMENT REPLACEMENT IN CEMENT-BASED MORTAR
Authors: Hayu Gati Annisa , Sutrisno Wahyuniarsih , Wulandari Kiki Dwi , Irawan Candra , Suprobo Priyo
Published: October 2023

In Indonesia, glass is the 7th largest waste contributor with difficult-to-decompose properties. In 2021, glass waste reached more than nine million tons and it is predicted to increase as it is becoming more popular every year. The major chemical composition of glass is silica and when the glass is milled down to smaller size particles (i.e., micro-size), it is expected to react with cement hydrates and promote the pozzolanic reaction to form secondary C-S-H. The use of glass waste as a substitute for cement as supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) is an important step that can lead to the production of more sustainable and energy-efficient cement-based construction. This research focused on investigating the effect of using glass waste powder consisting of clear, green, and brown colors as cement replacement in cement-based mortar. Physical and chemical properties of raw material (including X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscope, loss on ignition, and particle size analysis) are evaluated before the glass waste is cast into mortar. The mixture proportion of cement and glass powder is calculated based on ASTM C-311, which is 80% and 20% by weight, respectively. In this study, the cement-glass powder-based mortars are fabricated by casting into cube molds of 50x50x50 mm. According to the results of the compressive strength on the 56th day, brown and clear glass powder had values of 23,62 MPa and 23,15 MPa, respectively. It indicated that a 20% cement replacement with clear and brown glass powder had the potential to be used as SCM.
Гендерные различия в тревожности и депрессии во время пандемии COVID-19 в России
Authors: Палкина Алина Владимировна , Соболева Наталья Эдуардовна
Published: October 2023

В статье рассматриваются гендерные различия в уровне тревожности и депрессии, вызванных пандемией COVID-19. Эмпирической основой исследования служат панельные данные международного опроса «Ценности в кризисе» по России, собранные в июне 2020 г., апреле — мае 2021 г. и ноябре — декабре 2021 г. Исследование показало, что женщины во время пандемии были более склонны переживать тревожность и депрессию, чем мужчины, что соответствует тренду, наблюдающемуся во многих странах. Динамика в этих различиях между тремя волнами не обнаружена. Отсутствие динамики, как и интерактивного эффекта между полом и факторами, связанными с пандемией (перенесение симптомов COVID-19 самим человеком или его близкими, потеря работы, необходимость сидеть с детьми и др.), может объясняться тем, что гендерные различия в ментальном здоровье россиян не являются следствием самой пандемии, а существовали до нее. При этом влияющие на тревожность и депрессию факторы у мужчин и женщин несколько различаются. Потеря работы повышает тревожность только у мужчин. Переход на неполный рабочий день увеличивает тревожность и депрессию и у мужчин, и у женщин, но в большей степени у женщин. Возраст понижает уровень тревожности у женщин и уровень депрессии в обеих подвыборках. Исследование подтверждает необходимость учитывать гендерные различия в ментальном здоровье для разработки эффективных мер социальной политики в кризисных ситуациях.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта, предоставленного Министерством науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (№ соглашения о предоставлении гранта: 075-15-2022-325).
Фейк или правда? Как люди распространяют и проверяют слухи онлайн
Authors: Архипова Александра Сергеевна , Радченко Дарья Александровна , Бондарьков Сергей Владимирович , Гаврилова Мария Владимировна , Лощиц Игорь Валерьевич , Петров Никита Викторович , Пейгин Борис Сергеевич
Published: October 2023

Статья продолжает исследование российской инфодемии, начатое в январе 2020 г. Ее цель — выявить принципы, по которым интернет-пользователи взаимодействуют со слухами о коронавирусе в социальных сетях и в поисковых запросах. Для этого мы собрали базу инфодемических нарративов в социальных сетях (6,2 млн репостов) и изучили поведенческие стратегии пользователей в запросах к поисковым машинам. Хотя конспирологические нарративы остаются самыми популярными в запросах российских пользователей, волнуют их совершенно другие тексты, связанные с повседневными рисками, касающимися права на контроль над телом: возможные пути заражения, ограничительные меры со стороны властей, народные лекарства от коронавируса и так далее. Именно такие сообщения пользователи поисковых машин стремились проверять, добавляя к запросу особые словосочетания — операторы сомнения и уточнения («правда или ложь»). При этом некоторые инфодемические нарративы пользователи были готовы реализовать на практике, добавляя к ним оператор действия — «как приготовить» и «где купить». Анализируя их, мы обнаружили, что к группе наиболее опасных инфодемических нарративов относятся: а) тексты, которые могут спровоцировать бесконтрольный прием аптечных лекарств, и б) тексты, в которых излагаются конспирологические сюжеты и квазимедицинские представления об опасности вакцинации, побуждающие людей к отказу от нее. 
Благодарность. Авторы статьи выражают горячую благодарность Тоне Самсоновой, CEO и основателю Durer.ai, основателю TheQuestion.ru, руководителю Yandex.Q (2019—2021) за организацию доступа к данным и возможность заняться этой темой. Н.В. Петров и Д.А. Радченко подготовили статью в рамках гранта, предоставленного Министерством науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (№ соглашения о предоставлении гранта: 075-15-2022-326).
Cоциологическое осмысление пандемии COVID-19. Рец. на кн.: Lupton D. COVID Societies: Theorising the Coronavirus Crisis. Abingdon: Routledge, 2022
Authors: Вершинина Инна Альфредовна , Лядова Анна Васильевна
Published: October 2023

Рецензируется книга австралийского социального исследователя Деборы Лаптон «Ковидные общества: теоретизируя коронакризис», автор которой ставит перед собой задачу поиска адекватных социокультурных подходов и понятий для осмысления трансформаций, произошедших в мире под влиянием пандемии COVID-19. Лаптон указывает, что мир сильно изменился с января 2020 г. и ковидный кризис «перекроил» все сферы общественной и повседневной жизнедеятельности. Для осмысления происходящих процессов необходим многоуровневный анализ, включающий изучение научно-публичного дискурса, окружающего пандемию, макрополитическую перспективу изучения происходящего, а также исследование повседневных представлений и практик, адаптирующихся к новым глобальным условиям, через социальную рефлексию позднего модерна. В связи с этим автор обращается к идее биовласти М. Фуко, теории «голой жизни» Дж. Агамбена и ее интерпретации Р. Эспозито, понятию «некрополитики» А. Мбембе, деконструктивизму Ж. Делёза, а также к концепциям общества риска У. Бека и культурных границ М. Дуглас. Лаптон умело демонстрирует возможности использования этих подходов для анализа пандемии, что, по ее мнению, позволяет на основе методологического плюрализма проанализировать взаимосвязанные социальные, политические и экономические контексты пандемии COVID-19.
Восприятие феномена бедности населением: кого и почему россияне считают бедным?
Authors: Назарбаева Елена Алексеевна
Published: October 2023

Тема бедности многократно оказывалась в поле зрения социальных исследований, однако большинство из них специализируются на вопросах, касающихся методики измерения, оценки уровня бедности и профилей малоимущих граждан. Значительно меньше внимания уделяется тому, что представляет собой феномен бедности в глазах населения. Цель данной работы — ответ на этот вопрос. На материалах всероссийского онлайн опроса и фокус-групп, проведенных летом 2021 г., показано, что в первую очередь бедность трактуется как нехватка денег, но зачастую воспринимается как синоним нищеты, отсутствия средств на покупку продуктов и минимально необходимой одежды и обуви. В более широком смысле бедность воспринимается как необходимость ограничивать во всем себя и своих близких, что особенно остро ощущается, когда такие ограничения затрагивают детей. Средние оценки уровня бедности в России существенно превышают данные, которые фиксирует официальная статистика. При этом при анализе причин явления на первый план выходят структурные объяснения: низкие зарплаты, пенсии, рост цен. Фиксируются и различия в описании профилей бедности: по мнению россиян, наиболее остро проблема стоит для пенсионеров и инвалидов (которые сравнительно редко оказываются в числе малоимущих по данным статистики), в то время как семьи с детьми, отличающиеся максимальными рисками монетарной бедности с точки зрения официальной статистики, участниками исследования реже относились к этой категории.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта, предоставленного Министерством науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (№ соглашения о предоставлении гранта: 075-15-2022-325).
Питирим Сорокин: бихевиорист, открывший для себя культуру
Authors: Подвойский Денис Глебович
Published: October 2023

Отдел издательских программ ВЦИОМ завершает подготовку к публикации книги Иржи Шубрта и Дениса Подвойского «Современные социологические теории: как не заблудиться в концептуальном лабиринте?». Небольшой фрагмент из этой книги, посвященный творчеству выдающегося российско-американского социолога Питирима Александровича Сорокина, журнал «Мониторинг общественного мнения: экономические и социальные перемены» предлагает вниманию читателей. Не претендуя на описание сорокинского «теоретического синтеза» во всей полноте, автор очерка стремится выявить и охарактеризовать общую линию идейной эволюции классика отечественной социологии, постепенно преодолевавшего стартовые неопозитивистские установки «русского периода» и перемещавшего свой ключевой исследовательский интерес в область анализа культуры.
Analysis of the selection of a child seat
Authors: Karwala Łukasz
Published: October 2023

The selection of a child seat is not an easy task for future parents. Information about child seats, assembly methods, usability and prices affect the purchasing preferences of parents or legal guardians of children. The article contains information about the factors to pay attention to when buying a child seat. The main purpose of the article is to analyze and evaluate information on the selection of a vehicle seat for the right passenger vehicle and child. The article discusses information about the ADAC child seat crash test and the plus test, which are mainly performed for rear-facing child seats.The article presents information on groups of child seats and the method of their installation in a passenger vehicle. The purchasing predispositions of parents and legal guardians in terms of the selection of a child seat were also described. It should be noted that most respondents pay attention to the level of safety of child seats than to their price.
Packaging Waste Research Responding to the Rise of Transport and Logistics Volumes during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Pečman Jan , Vrábel Ján , Mašek Jaroslav , Šedivý Josef , Stopková Mária , Bartuška Ladislav
Published: October 2023

The management of packaging material and its transport flow, including waste management, has become the focus of attention in recent decades, not least because of the emphasis on the requirements of sustainable development. Due to ever-increasing volume various types of packages, i. e. coming not only from industrial production, transport and trade, where its management is regulated, organized and controlled, but also packaging waste that is generated in households and where this waste ends at best sorted into containers according to material and in the worst case as municipal waste, or it is used as fuel in the incinerator. Author´s team defined the research idea in the direction of packaging waste, coming from online shopping, logistics and shipment distribution. The research was conducted over the year 2021 in the Czech Republic, during the Covid-19 pandemic, when online shopping was on its rise and, for many people, it became as a partly substitute for regular shopping in the future. In regard to an analytical part of the research, specific empirical methods were applied. The research hypothesis is evaluated statistically using a pairwise test. The presentation of the research per se is preceded by a literature review with citations of legislative articles and scientific papers related to the topic discussed. This section is followed by a description of the paradox in terms of online trading. The next part of the article presents the research findings, their summary and related conslusions.
Proposal of methodology for customers relationships establishing in terms of transport services
Authors: Hajduk Iwona Ewa , Poliak Miloš
Published: October 2023

Currently, the market is focused not only on the quality of services, but also on customer comfort, requiring service providers to constantly modernize their methods of operation. Due to the progressing digitization of various areas of business activity, it is necessary to implement current available technological aids in order to maintain competitiveness and build long-term relationships with the client. Delivering products to the point of consumption is a very important element in the supply chain, and transport companies act as both intermediaries and service providers. The article is a proposal of a methodological solution for companies dealing with transport services in the field of building long-term relationships with the client using modern technologies and methodologies. The results show the strategies and systems with which transport companies can strive to build a competitive offer in the supply chain. As a target solution, it was proposed to use solutions such as Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in the process of developing a methodology for building relationships with customers in the area of transport services. The development and functioning of the global economy market is not possible without a net-work of transport connections-communication infrastructure, as well as a service provider-consumer relationship.
Maciej Rak, Jan Karłowicz w świetle materiałów archiwalnych. Dialektologia, etnolingwistyka i lituanistyka, Wydawnictwo Księgarnia Akademicka, Kraków 2021, ss. 265
Authors: Piotrowicz-Krenc Anna
Published: October 2023

Recenzja: Maciej Rak, Jan Karłowicz w świetle materiałów archiwalnych. Dialektologia, etnolingwistyka i lituanistyka, Wydawnictwo Księgarnia Akademicka, Kraków 2021, ss. 265
Standardization of the Silesian Language: The Current Status and Prospects for Development
Authors: Jaroszewicz Henryk
Published: October 2023

At the beginning of the 20th century, a discussion on the status of the Silesian ethnolect emerged in Poland. Several years ago, the creative and language activist circles advocating for the linguistic autonomy of Silesian initiated actions aimed at the description and codification of the Silesian language. Among the many published works, only the few-page Wstępne zasady pisowni śląskiej (Preliminary Rules of Silesian Orthography) from 2009 and Gōrnoślōnski ślabikŏrz from 2010 can be considered valuable studies that had a real impact on the development of Silesian literature in the second decade of the 20th century. The relatively general normative decisions presented in these works are revised and extensively expanded in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (Rules of Silesian Language Orthography) from 2022. This monograph, which codifies not only Silesian orthography but also elements of grammar and vocabulary, can serve as a foundation for further activities towards the complete standardisation of the Silesian language.
Climate law in European Union legislation. Does it already exist?
Authors: Szyrski Mariusz
Published: October 2023

In July 2021, Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the establishment of a framework for achieving climate neutrality entered into force. In this context, it is therefore important to determine whether a conceptual category such as ‘climate law’ can indeed be distinguished in EU legislation and, if so, what is the meaning of this notion? To this end, the notion of ‘European climate law’ is analysed. The dogmatic-legal method is primarily used as the research method in this study. A theoretical-legal method is also used to highlight certain themes related to legal institutions. The research is narrowed down to selected normative acts that are part of the EU legislation – the provisions of normative acts related to the functioning of the EU are analysed. The main conclusions in the paper focus on the application of the term ‘climate law’ in the selected EU regulations. This is juxtaposed with the category of the legal system sensu stricto and sensu largo. The analysis carried out confirms the thesis that Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 June 2021 on the establishment of a framework for achieving climate neutrality should be classified as climate law sensu largo.
Sources of knowledge about Brexit and the assessment of information activities undertaken by the Polish and British authorities among Poles living in the United Kingdom
Authors: Kozak Jarosław
Published: October 2023

The background of the problem analysed in the article is Brexit and its mediatization, consisting of an attempt to shape social reality through the media. The UK’s decision to leave the EU was an important issue for Polish migrants in the UK. This community is an important research field because it is one of Europe’s largest and most active. The reason for undertaking the research was the importance of the impact of information on the decisions of individuals and the diverse policies and information activities of Polish and British authorities. The article aims to determine the sources of knowledge about Brexit and to analyse the assessment of information activities carried out by Polish and British authorities in the opinion of Poles living in the United Kingdom. A quantitative sociological study was conducted in September and October 2019 using a survey questionnaire based on a deliberately selected sample of 620 Poles living in London, Oxford and Swindon. These cities differ in terms of social structure, living conditions and standards, and the nature of the work undertaken by migrants from Poland. The procedure of comparing means (ANOVA) is used in the statistical analysis. It was found that Polish information activities were more often negatively assessed than British ones, and that both media and non-media sources of knowledge influenced this assessment.
Writers’ Libraries in Genetic Editions
Authors: Van Hulle Dirk
Published: October 2023

Falls ein Autor eine persönliche Bibliothek hinterlassen hat, wäre es bedauerlich, diese exogenetische Information nicht in eine digitale textgenetische Ausgabe aufzunehmen. Der Beitrag geht von der Hypothese aus, dass eine solche Sachverhalte einbeziehende Form des Edierens auf einer Art des Verknüpfens beruht und dass die Herstellung von Verknüpfungen eine der wichtigen Aufgaben des Editors ist. In dieser Eigenschaft als Verknüpfer spielt der Editor eine zentrale Rolle in der kulturellen Vermittlung (‘cultural negotiation’) von Text, Kontext, Leser und Selbstdarstellung des Autors.
Kontrollierte Vokabularien und historische Semantiken
Authors: Hegel Philipp , Krewet Michael , Brandl Simon
Published: October 2023

Controlled vocabularies are a common component in applications of linked data in order to connect digital resources. There are applications in the Humanities and digital editions, too. Two scenarios are described in some detail. The first concerns the analysis of annotations on manuscripts of Aristotle’s De interpretatione. In conjunction with transcriptions, the usage of authority files in metadata as well of domain specific vocabularies helps in this example to find stemmatological relations between glosses and diagrams in some of the manuscripts. The second example is not about a text-critical application but about the creation of the thesaurus for a commentary on Michael Maier’s Atalanta fugiens, that is a multimodal, figurative and dense written book by today’s standards. The question is raised as to what extent a controlled vocabulary with its concepts and the implicit semantics of the relations between them can be of a heuristic value for the reconstruction of this historical, alchemical concepts in its dynamics and alterity.
Implizites und explizites Vermitteln?
Authors: Acquavella-Rauch Stefanie
Published: October 2023

Thinking about knowledge transfer in hybrid music editions raises follow-up questions, since music editions can traditionally be characterised by a coexistence of scholarly-critical and practical approaches. The article focuses in particular on implicit and explicit aspects of three interrelated dimensions of transfer: the concept of the edition, internal communication processes, and performance-related editorial acts. The author argues that in scholarly hybrid editions, which are also intended for musical practice, several issues of knowledge transfer are implicit: in the overall aim of the edition, in the presentation of edited texts and critical notes, and in the consideration of user groups. The article discusses the importance of transmitting the concept of the edition to the editorial team involved. Project leaders play an important role in establishing communication structures, organising the many steps of an edition, and facilitating smooth collaboration between project members from different academic disciplines. Finally, the article explores the ways in which the feasibility of an edition is consciously or unconsciously present during the editing process, and the extent to which editors perform an inherent mediating function.
Im „Experimentierstadium“
Authors: Nutt-Kofoth Rüdiger
Published: October 2023

The anthology Texte und Varianten (ed. by Gunter Martens and Hans Zeller, 1971) was ground-breaking for scholarly editing, especially in the German-speaking world. This article looks at some of the reasons while examining its social, disciplinary, and literary-theoretical context. The effect of the anthology and the procedure of its two editors, which was extremely successful with regard to the scholarly field, can be summarised as follows: (1) on the thematic level: systematically field-developing, (2) on the status-social or scholarly-sociological level: generation-specific field-occupying, (3) on the influence-segmenting scholarly tradition level: consistently subfield-accentuating, and (4) on the disciplinary level: tending to field-autonomy.
Kritische Edition, Neudruck, Digitalisat
Authors: van de Löcht Joana
Published: October 2023

Starting with Rolf Tarot’s article on the edition of early modern texts in the volume Texte und Varianten (Texts and Variants, 1971) and the subsequent process of reaching an understanding about the practical handling of texts from the period between 1500 and 1750, an overview of the evolution of this discussion from the 1970s to the present is given. On the one hand, the medial development from the conventional transcription to the reprint and the availability of digitized texts is retraced. On the other hand, the influence of the availability of scans on the research process is discussed, as well as the challenges this poses for current editorial projects of early modern texts. These lie less in the area of textual constitution, but rather in the commentary-based analysis and reconstruction of historical textual networks.
2023 Graduating Class
Authors: The CHILD Journal
Published: October 2023

2023 Graduating Class
Journal Production Staff
Authors: The CHILD Journal
Published: October 2023

Journal Production Staff
Global Infectious Diseases in August 2023: A Monthly Analysis
Authors: Huang Jiawen , Luo Yi , Zou Jiazhen , Wu Yufan , Sun Yinfu , Xiang Qi , He Minjing , Zhang Shuqiong , Yu Wenjin , Su Qun , Li Taihan , Gu Dayong
Published: October 2023

Infectious diseases frequently affect children and adults worldwide. Owing to their specific biology and mode of transmission, the presence of infected individuals or carriers in a region often leads to outbreaks of the disease in that region, and in severe cases, to the death of the infected individual. Infectious diseases have been one of the main causes of mass disability or death in humans for centuries. Surveillance of infectious diseases on a continental scale is therefore important for assessing, recognizing, and preventing the risks that these diseases may pose to animal and human health on a global scale. This report focuses on global infectious disease outbreaks and systematically summarises the timing and location of outbreaks in infected populations between 24 July and 23 August 2023 based on the Global Outbreak Information Surveillance System (GOSIS) of Shusi Technologies.
Thiol reductive stress activates the hypoxia response pathway
Authors: Ravi  , Kumar Ajay , Bhattacharyya Shalmoli , Singh Jogender
Published: October 2023

Owing to their capability to disrupt the oxidative protein folding environment in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), thiol antioxidants, such as dithiothreitol (DTT), are used as ER‐specific stressors. We recently showed that thiol antioxidants modulate the methionine‐homocysteine cycle by upregulating an S‐adenosylmethionine‐dependent methyltransferase, rips‐1, in Caenorhabditis elegans. However, the changes in cellular physiology induced by thiol stress that modulate the methionine‐homocysteine cycle remain uncharacterized. Here, using forward genetic screens in C. elegans, we discover that thiol stress enhances rips‐1 expression via the hypoxia response pathway. We demonstrate that thiol stress activates the hypoxia response pathway. The activation of the hypoxia response pathway by thiol stress is conserved in human cells. The hypoxia response pathway enhances thiol toxicity via rips‐1 expression and confers protection against thiol toxicity via rips‐1‐independent mechanisms. Finally, we show that DTT might activate the hypoxia response pathway by producing hydrogen sulfide. Our studies reveal an intriguing interaction between thiol‐mediated reductive stress and the hypoxia response pathway and challenge the current model that thiol antioxidant DTT disrupts only the ER milieu in the cell.