bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proton transfer anionic polymerization with C–H bond as dormant species
Authors: Kamigaito Masami , Uchiyama Mineto , Ohira Natsumi , Yamashita Konomi , Sagawa Katsutoshi
Published: November 2023

Living anionic polymerization is the most common living polymerization with the longest history whereas it generally requires stringent conditions and one metal initiator per polymer chain. Here, we present proton transfer anionic polymerization using acidic C–H bonds as dormant species and base catalysts for methacrylates via reversible chain transfer or termination of the growing enolate species. A weakly acidic compound such as an alkyl isobutyrate serves as the initiator or chain-transfer agent in the presence of a bulky potassium base catalyst to produce a polymer chain and thereby diminish the metal compound per chain ratio. An added alcohol serves as a reversible terminator to tame the propagation. End-functionalized, star, block, and graft polymers are easily accessible from compounds with C–H bonds.
Pan-cancer analysis combined with experiments predicts NNMT as a therapeutic target for human cancers
Authors: Huang Hua , Su Lianchun , Zhang Ruihao , Wu Di , Ding Chen , Chen Chen , Zhu Guangsheng , Cao Peijun , Li Xuanguang , Li Yongwen , Liu Hongyu , Chen Jun
Published: November 2023

The identification of effective therapeutic targets plays a pivotal role in advancing cancer treatment outcomes. We employed a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis, complemented by experimental validation, to explore the potential of Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) as a promising therapeutic strategy for human cancers. By analyzing large-scale transcriptomic datasets across various cancer types, we consistently observed upregulated expression of NNMT. Furthermore, elevated NNMT expression correlated with inferior overall survival in multiple cancer cohorts, underscoring its significance as a prognostic biomarker. Additionally, we investigated the relationship between NNMT expression and the tumor immune microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in regulating anti-tumor immune responses. To confirm the malignant functions of NNMT in tumor cells, we conducted a series of cell-based experiments, revealing that NNMT promotes cancer cell proliferation and invasion, indicative of its oncogenic properties. The integration of computational analysis and experimental validation in our study firmly establishes NNMT as a potential therapeutic target for human cancers. Specifically, targeting NNMT holds promise for the development of innovative and effective cancer treatments. Further investigations into NNMT's role in cancer pathogenesis could potentially pave the way for groundbreaking advancements in cancer treatment.
Assessing the Psychological and Physical Impact of Wearing Personal Protective Equipment on Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chavan Madhavrao , Sharma Sushil , Chenchula Santenna , Rangari Gaurav , Misra Arup Kumar , Saggurthi Pavani
Published: November 2023

Background
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are part of the front-line warriors in this ongoing battle against the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to assess personal protective equipment (PPE)-related side effects and both physical and psychological effects among healthcare workers (HCWs) caring for COVID-19 patients.
Methods
The present cross-sectional questionnaire-based study on a well-structured questionnaire consisting of 24 questions was utilized to collect information concerning the participants' demographic characteristics, personal experiences of PPE-related side effects, and the physical and psychological effects they encountered during their work. The study involved an online data collection process from 114 healthcare workers who had experience working in COVID-19 settings while using personal protective equipment. We adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines to report
Results
A total of 114 HCWs participated in the survey. A total of 57.1% of HCWs were vaccinated, and 36.3% reported being infected with COVID-19. Among the study respondents, 68.1% reported discomfort, 33% anxiety and 23.1% apprehension as the state of mind after donning PPE. A total of 30.8% of HCWs reported that they were uncomfortable in < 1 hr of wearing PPE, 46.2% reported at least ≤ 12 hrs., time for psychological restoration after a COVID-19 duty shift, 17.6% of HCWs reported being worried about the risk of getting infected, and 28.6% of HCWs were extremely worried about the risk of infecting family members while on COVID duty. Approximately 76.9% of HCWs suffered from suffocation, 68.1% were drenched with sweating, 23% with skin redness and rashes, and 57.1% reported > 12 hrs. of time to restore physically after a COVID-19 duty shift.
Conclusion
Wearing PPE has a negative psychological and physical effect on HCWs on COVID-19 duty. Through analysing the achievements and setbacks of public health measures aimed at safeguarding health care workers amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, we can derive valuable insights to fortify our response to future pandemics.
The mediating role of frequent mental distress in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and cognitive disability in emerging adults
Authors: Sun Yanyan , Qu Shifang , Li Zhiyao , Zhang Weixin , Shi Shunyao , Meng Yiwen , Zhu Siyu , Liu Nana , Song Huifang , Tang Kun , Zhang Xinyao , Yao Yan
Published: November 2023

Background
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) may have an impact on cognitive disability through multiple pathways. Frequent Mental Distress (FMD) usually makes people more susceptible to cognitive dysfunction through different aspects.
Methods
A cross-sectional analysis of aged 18–25 years in the 2020 and 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) was performed. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association of ACEs with FMD and cognitive disability. Mediation effects was used to investigate FMD as mediation between ACEs and cognitive disability in emerging adulthood.
Results
Among the 10,309 respondents, the prevalence of cognitive disability was 15.2% (n = 1567), and 73.5% (n = 7578) of the total respondents experienced ACEs. In model 2 without mediation, ACEs was significantly associated with cognitive disability (OR: 4.05, 95%CI: 2.47, 6.66). After adjusted for covariates with mediation, ACEs (OR: 3.08, 95%CI: 1.84, 5.17) and FMD (OR: 5.61, 95%CI: 4.33, 7.28) were also significantly associated with cognitive disability.
Conclusion
Our study indicated a strong association between ACEs and cognitive disability. It also demonstrated that FMD was a mediation through which ACEs may be linked to cognitive disability.
Participation of ventricular trabeculae in neonatal cardiac regeneration leads to ectopic recruitment of Purkinje-like cells
Authors: Miquerol Lucile , Boulgakoff Lucie , Sturny Rachel , Kelly Robert
Published: November 2023

Unlike adult mammals, newborn mice are able to regenerate a functional heart after myocardial infarction. However, the precise origin of the newly formed cardiomyocytes and whether the distal part of the conduction system - the Purkinje Fiber (PF) network - is properly formed in regenerated hearts remains unclear. PFs, as well as subendocardial contractile cardiomyocytes, are derived from trabeculae, transient myocardial ridges on the inner ventricular surface. Here, using Connexin40-driven genetic tracing, we uncovered a substantial participation of the trabecular lineage in myocardial regeneration through dedifferentiation and proliferation. Concomitantly, regeneration disrupted PF network maturation, resulting in permanent PF hyperplasia and impaired ventricular conduction. Proliferation assays, genetic impairment of PF recruitment, lineage tracing and clonal analysis revealed that PF network hyperplasia results from excessive recruitment of PFs due to increased trabecular fate plasticity. These data identify PF network hyperplasia as a cost of the participation of trabeculae in myocardium regeneration.
Prediction of fat-free mass from body surface area in young basketball players
Authors: Moraes Anderson Marques , Espinoza Ruben Vidal , Bergamo Raiany Rosa , Gómez-Campos Rossana , Lazari Evandro , de Campos Luis Felipe Castelli Correia , Sulla-Torres Jose , Cossio-Bolaños Marco
Published: November 2023

Background FFM is an important and essential indicator in sports populations, since greater muscle and bone mass generates greater strength, endurance and speed in athletes. Objective The purpose of the study was to validate Body Surface Area (BSA) as an anthropometric indicator to estimate Fat Free Mass in young Brazilian basketball players. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 141 male basketball players of the Brazilian Basketball Confederation of Sao Paulo (Campinas), Brazil. The age range was 11 to 17 years. Weight and height were evaluated. BSA, body mass index (BMI) and maturity status (MS) were calculated. Total body scanning was performed by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The components were extracted: Fat mass (FM), Fat free mass (FFM) and bone mass (BM). Results Three regression equations were generated: Eq. 1 had age and body weight as predictors (R2 = 94%, precision = 0.96 and accuracy = 0.99), Eq. 2 used age and BSA [FFM= -44. 508+(1.816*age)+(39.597*BSA)] (R2 = 96%, precision = 0.97 and accuracy = 0.99) and Eq. 3 was based on APHV and BSA (R2 = 94%, precision = 0.96 and accuracy = 0.99). Conclusions The results suggest the use of anthropometric equation using decimal age and BS to estimate FFM in young basketball players. This new method developed can be used to design, evaluate and control training programs and monitor the weight status of athletes.
Social Determinants of Health-Informed Healthcare Worker Well-being: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kim Linda Y. , Hollingsworth Adrienne Martinez , Coleman Bernice , Aronow Harriet U.
Published: November 2023

Background: There is limited research on the prevalence across sociodemographic groups of environmental and social factors associated with healthcare worker (HCW) burnout, and findings are often inconclusive or inconsistent. Evidence suggests individuals from historically underrepresented minority groups may experience burnout differently, yet those data that do exist rarely explore variations among the HCW job categories and sub-groups, including the impact of sociodemographic factors. The purpose of this analysis, was to assess variations in the social determinants of health (SDOH) across HCW job categories, as a first step in understanding differences in social needs and identifying targeted employee wellness strategies.
Methods: This study included 12,715 HCWs (e.g., Physicians; RNs and LVNs; Scientists/Research/Information Systems; Administrative Support; Allied Health Professionals; Management; Trades/Crafts/Engineering/Facilities; Unlicensed Assistive Personnel [UAP], Security; Food Services; and Environment [EVS]/Transportation Services), across 586 California zip codes. The California Healthy Places Index (HPI) data file was used to examine the impact of SDOH on HCWs based on their reported zip codes. Analysis of variance with Bonferroni Correction to adjust for multiple comparisons was used to assess differences across job categories, and Two-step Cluster Analysis was used to evaluate how job categories might form distinct clusters on SDOH.
Results: While physicians had the highest HPI percentiles across all HPI sub-categories, the lower-wage workers including EVS/ Transport Services, Food Services, and Security consistently ranked lower, below the state average (50th percentile). Overall, the HPI percentile was lowest for environmental living conditions and pollution for all HCWs and considerably lower than the statewide standardized average. The education and economic components of the HPI were higher on average than the state average. Ranking by job category put Physicians at, or near, the top for most HPI components; while Security, Food Service, and Environmental Services and Transportation employees at, or near, the bottom rank for most components.
Conclusions: The findings from this highlight the importance of SDOH-informed employee wellness programs and research studies. Findings also underscore the importance of a call to action for policymakers to act upon health disparities in the HCW population.
Single-B cell analysis correlates high-lactate secretion with stress and increased apoptosis
Authors: Bucheli Olivia T.M. , Rodrigues Daniela , Portmann Kevin , Linder Aline , Thoma Marina , Halin Cornelia , Eyer Klaus
Published: November 2023

While cellular metabolism was proposed to be a driving factor of the activation and differentiation of B cells and the function of the resulting antibody-secreting cells (ASCs), the study of correlations between cellular metabolism and functionalities has been difficult due to the absence of technologies enabling the parallel measurement. Herein, we performed single-cell transcriptomics and introduced a direct concurrent functional and metabolic flux quantitation of individual murine B cells. Our transcriptomic data identified lactate metabolism as dynamic in ASCs, but antibody secretion did not correlate with lactate secretion rates (LSRs). Instead, our study of all splenic B cells during an immune response linked increased lactate metabolism with acidic intracellular pH and the upregulation of apoptosis. T cell-dependent responses increased LSRs, and added TLR4 agonists affected the magnitude and boosted LSRhigh B cells in vivo, while resulting in only a few immunoglobulin-G secreting cells (IgG-SCs). Therefore, our observations indicated that LSRhigh cells were not differentiating into IgG-SCs, and were rather removed due to apoptosis.
Living and Dying between Cultural Traditions in African & Caribbean Heritage Families: A Constructivist Grounded Theory
Authors: Souza Joanna , Gillett Karen , Salifu Yakubu , Walshe Catherine
Published: November 2023

Background
Ethnic differences influence end-of-life health behaviours and usage of palliative care. Advance care planning is not widely utilised in minority ethnic heritage communities. Older adults expect and trust their children to be their decision makers at the end of life. The study aim was to construct a theory of the dynamics that underpin end-of-life conversations within families of African and Caribbean heritage, a voice not well represented in the current debate on improving end-of-life outcomes.
Methods
Using Charmaz’s constructivist grounded theory approach, a purposive sample of elders, adult children, and grandchildren of African and Caribbean Heritage were recruited. In-person and online focus groups were conducted, analysed using an inductive, reflexive comparative analysis process. Initial and axial coding facilitated the creation of categories, these categories were abstracted to constructs and used in theory construction.
Results
Elders (n = 4), adult children (n = 14), and adult grandchildren (n = 3) took part in 5 focus groups. A grounded theory of living and dying between cultural traditions in African and Caribbean heritage families was created with the following constructs: a) Preparing for death but not for dying b) Complexity in traditions crosses oceans c) Living and dying between cultures and traditions d) There is culture, gender and there is personality e) Watching the death of another prompts conversations. f) An experience of Hysteresis.
Discussion
Preparation for after-death processes is celebrated in African and Caribbean cultures resulting in early exposure and opportunities for discussion of these processes. Migration results in reforming of people’s habitus/ world views shaped by a mixing of cultures. Being in different geographical places impacts generational learning-by-watching of the dying process and decisions that need to be made.
Conclusions
Recognising the role of family and the impact of migration on the exposure of those family members to previous dying experiences is important. This can provide a more empathetic and insightful approach to partnership working between health care professionals and patients and families facing serious illness. A public health approach focused on enabling adult children to have better end of life conversations with their parents can inform the development of culturally competent palliative care.
Pathologic-radiomic mixed model predicts survival in operated non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ravanelli Marco , Roca Elisa , Rondi Paolo , Agazzi Giorgio Maria , Baggi Alice , Borghesi Andrea , Vezzoli Marika , Melocchi Laura , Milanese Gianluca , Bossi Paolo , Vermi William , Silva Mario , Benvenuti Mauro Roberto , Sverzellati Nicola , Maroldi Roberto , Farina Davide
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The objective of our retrospective study was to assess the prognostic value of texture analysis and histopathological features in surgically resected lung cancer patients.
Materials and methods
In total, 70 patients with lung cancer stage IC to IIIA were included in this study. Tumor sections were morphologically evaluated on the basis of tumoral infiltrating lymphocytes, stromal density and tumor necrosis. CT texture analysis was performed using commercially available software (TexRAD) on unfiltered and filtered images with four spatial scale filters. Relevant textural features were selected using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) with internal cross-validation. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using an overall textural coefficient splitting the sample at an optimal cut-point. Prognostic significance of pathological variables was evaluated with Cox models. The comparison between the performance of the textural-based model, the pathological-based model and the combined model was evaluated by Brier score and cross-validated c-index.
Results
Entropy spatial scale filter (SSF) = 2 was related to overall survival (OS). Patients with different textural scores had significant OS differences (p = 0.011, HR = 2.29). Trends were noted for pathological features and patients were classified into two groups with different prognoses (p = 0.007, HR = 2.8). Tumors with higher Hounsfield units (HU) or unfiltered mean value of positive pixels (mpp) were associated with histopathological features (HU, p = 0.008 and mpp, p = 0.005). The combination of textural and pathological features gave three different prognostic groups and the combined textural plus pathological model was the most informative and most accurate (c-index 0.708).
Conclusions
Textural and pathological tumor analyses are both prognostic and complementary in risk stratification. If these results are confirmed in future studies, they could form the basis for modifying treatment decisions for patients.
Advances in knowledge
CT texture analysis could help in prognostic stratification of surgically operated lung cancer patients and is complementary to histopathological analysis.
Exploring the effectiveness of molecular subtypes, biomarkers, and genetic variations as first-line treatment predictors in Asian breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hamid Mas Rina Wati Haji Abdul , Bahrin Nurul Wafiqah Saipol , Matusin Siti Nur Idayu , Mustapa Aklimah , Huat Lu Zen , Parera Sriyani
Published: November 2023

Background
Breast cancer incidence has been on the rise significantly in the Asian population, occurring at an earlier age and a later stage. The potential predictive value of molecular subtypes, biomarkers, and genetic variations has not been deeply explored in the Asian population. This study evaluated the effect of molecular subtypes classification and the presence or absence of biomarkers and genetic variations on pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant treatment in Asian breast cancer patients.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Science Direct, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. Studies were selected if they included Asian breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and contained data for qualitative or quantitative analyses. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Following the random effects model, pooled odds ratios or hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for pCR were analysed using Review Manager Software. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochran’s Q-test and I2 test statistics.
Results
19,708 Asian breast cancer patients were pooled from 101 studies. In the neoadjuvant setting, taxane-anthracycline (TA) chemotherapy showed better pCR outcomes in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (p < 0.0001) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 enriched (HER2E) (p < 0.0001) than luminal breast cancer patients. Similarly, taxane-platinum (TP) chemotherapy also showed better pCR outcomes in TNBC (p < 0.0001) and HER2E (p < 0.0001). Oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative, progesterone receptor (PR)-negative, HER2-positive and high Ki-67 were significantly associated with better pCR outcomes when treated with either TA or TP. Asian breast cancer patients harbouring wildtype PIK3CA were significantly associated with better pCR outcomes when treated with TA in the neoadjuvant setting (p = 0.001).
Conclusions
In the neoadjuvant setting, molecular subtypes (HER2E and TNBC), biomarkers (ER, PR, HER2, HR, Ki-67, nm23-H1, CK5/6, and Tau), and gene (PIK3CA) are associated with increased pCR rates in Asian breast cancer patients. Hence, they could be further explored for their possible role in first-line treatment response, which can be utilised to treat breast cancer more efficiently in the Asian population. However, it needs to be further validated with additional powered studies.
Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42021246295
Development of a Rapid Method for Determination of Ochratoxin A in Grape Mash and Wine
Authors: Efanova Yulia , Nikfardjam Martin Pour
Published: November 2023

The occurrence of Ochratoxin A (OTA) in wine is commonly known, but there is only limited information about its occurrence in grape mash and wines of German origin. Climate change has led to higher temperatures in the southern regions of Germany, which may increase the growth of fungi associated with the production of OTA and increase the content of this mycotoxin in grapes. A safe and rapid UHPLC-FLD method was developed and validated to assess the contamination of grape mash and wine with OTA. A total of 71 samples of grape mash and 30 wines from various wine producers in BadenWürttemberg, Germany, were analysed for OTA content. The results showed that no samples contained OTA in concentrations above the limit of detection. Further monitoring of samples from different vintages is needed.
Cannabidiol and fluorinated derivative anti-cancer properties against glioblastoma multiforme cell lines, and synergy with imidazotetrazine agents
Authors: Brookes Alice , Kindon Nicholas , Scurr David J. , Alexander Morgan R. , Gershkovich Pavel , Bradshaw Tracey D.
Published: November 2023

Background
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive cancer with poor prognosis, partly due to resistance to the standard chemotherapy treatment, temozolomide (TMZ). Phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) has exhibited anti-cancer effects against GBM, however, the ability of CBD to overcome common resistance mechanisms to TMZ have not yet been investigated. 4’-Fluoro-cannabidiol (4’-F-CBD, or HUF-101/PECS-101) is a derivative of CBD, that exhibits increased activity compared to CBD during in vivo behavioural studies.
Methods
This work investigated the anti-cancer activity of cannabinoids against GBM cells sensitive to and representing major resistance mechanisms to TMZ. The cannabinoids were also studied in combination with imidazotetrazine agents, and the OrbiSIMS technique was used to investigate the mechanism of action of CBD.
Results
CBD and 4’-F-CBD were found to overcome two major resistance mechanisms (methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) activity and DNA mismatch repair (MMR)-deficiency). Synergistic responses were observed when cells were exposed to cannabinoids and imidazotetrazine agents. Synergy was increased with T25 and 4’-F-CBD. OrbiSIMS analysis highlighted the presence of methylated-DNA, a previously unknown anti-cancer mechanism of action of CBD.
Conclusions
This work demonstrates the anti-cancer activity of 4’-F-CBD and the synergy of cannabinoids with imidazotetrazine agents for the first time and expands understanding of CBD mechanism of action.
A Mathematical Modeling Approach for Optimal Parking Space Selection and Path Planning in Autonomous Parking Systems with UAV-Assisted Topsis Entropy Weight Method
Authors: Dong Ruichun , Hu Mengqi , Cui Tong , Wan Dawei , Meng Xiangqian
Published: November 2023

With the advancements in vehicle sensors and wireless communication technologies, the field of driverless technology has gained significant attention. However, existing studies have primarily focused on unmanned controlled parking once the vehicle reaches the vicinity of the parking space. This paper aims to address the challenges associated with optimal parking space selection and path planning for automatic parking. To achieve this, we propose an optimal planning model based on the Topsis entropy weight method, incorporating UAV-assisted scheduling. We establish a state equation-based parking model utilizing the Ackerman structure of the vehicle, enabling effective parking path planning for three distinct types of parking spaces. Through experimental results, we demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method in resolving the problem of optimal parking space selection in parking lots, as well as overcoming difficulties encountered during vehicle parking, such as narrow parking spaces and constraints imposed by the driver's angle. This research contributes to the advancement of autonomous parking systems, enhancing their efficiency and effectiveness in real-world applications.
Experiments on suffusion of coarse soils from an ageing British dam
Authors: Benamar Ahmed , Santos Ricardo Correia
Published: November 2023

Results of suffusion tests with unidirectional seepage on samples of six coarse soils are evaluated. Samples are from an aging earth fill dam, built at the end of the 18th century, in England, with a driving road at the crest level, in which concerns about the threat of suffusion during major storms existed. Suffusion is a form of internal erosion characterized by the migration of fine particles towards downstream areas along the matrix formed by the soils’ coarser fraction. Seven commonly used geometric criteria are comprehensively evaluated against the experimental data carried out. Experimental data showed that suffusion occurs in most of the tested soil specimens, despite some of the available empirical criteria classifying them as internally stable. Following the studies on suffusion, the dam was subjected to important maintenance works to prevent internal erosion phenomena.
Association of maternal folic acid supplementation and offspring MTRR gene polymorphism with congenital heart disease: a hospital-based case-control study in Han population
Authors: Li Liuxuan , Ou Jun , Chen Yige , Chen Qian , Luo Manjun , Wang Tingting , Zhang Yingfan , Qin Jiabi
Published: November 2023

Background
Although many studies shown that the risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) was closely related to genetic and environmental factors, the exact mechanism was still unclear. This study was to assess the association of maternal folic acid supplementation (FAS), the 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase (MTRR) gene polymorphisms in offspring and their interactions with the risk of CHD and its subtypes.
Methods
A case-control study was conducted on 595 children with CHD and 605 healthy child controls. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to assess the association of maternal FAS, offspring MTRR gene polymorphisms and their interactions with CHD and its subtypes.
Results
This study shown that maternal FAS was significantly associated with a reduced risk of CHD (OR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.36–0.83) and its subtypes including ASD (OR = 0.25, 95%CI: 0.14–0.45), VSD (OR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.27–0.64), and CTD (OR = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.09–0.59) in offspring. Offspring MTRR gene polymorphisms at rs162048 (GG vs AA: OR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.35–3.13), rs1802059 (AA vs GG: OR = 5.13, 95%CI: 2.15–12.23; GA vs GG: OR = 1.81, 95%CI: 1.35–2.43), rs10380 (TT vs CC: OR = 2.27, 95%CI: 1.20–4.31) and rs1801394 (GG vs AA: OR = 1.58, 95%CI: 1.02–2.42) were significantly associated with the risk of CHD, and similar results were also found for three subtypes of CHD. Additionally, a statistically significant interaction between maternal FAS and offspring MTRR gene polymorphism at rs1802059 was observed (OR = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.15–0.94). Among children who had a variant genotype at rs1802059, the risk of CHD was significantly decreased when their mother used folate for this pregnancy compared with mothers not using folate.
Conclusions
In those of Chinese descent, maternal FAS and offspring MTRR gene polymorphisms are significantly associated with the risk of CHD and its three subtypes. Furthermore, maternal FAS may help to offset some of risks of CHD due to offspring MTRR genetic variants. However, more studies with prospective designs and larger samples are needed to confirm our findings.
Trial registration:
Registration number: ChiCTR1800016635; Registration time: 14/06/2018.
The social problems of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, a systematic review
Authors: Nabi Somaye , Zandieh Zhale , Bahadori Farzaneh , Bakhshandeh Razieh , Bagheri Roghie , Niksolat Maryam
Published: November 2023

Introduction: While the COVID-19 pandemic devastated the healthcare system, its consequences worsened for senior citizens. They have been at higher risk of being physically affected and faced more social and mental problems in the COVID-19 era. During the pandemic, they, more than other age groups, reported a feeling of loneliness, symptoms of depression, and anxiety, and, more than ever, faced ageism, discrimination, and elder abuse. Although many people can overcome social isolation in the light of social media and the internet, elderly individuals are not digitally literate and welcoming to technology like younger generations. Recognizing the unique needs of older adults is required to include them in health policies. Method In this systematic review, we collected all studies originally in English and with relative information regarding the social problems of older people during the pandemic in PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science (n = 25). Results The findings were classified into three main components: 1) body function and body structure, 2) activities and participation, and 3) environmental factors. Discussion Higher levels of depression, generalized anxiety disorders, social isolation, and loneliness were reported in older adults during COVID-19 by several studies. Preexisting mental health conditions can potentially worsen a patient’s vulnerability to the negative consequences of COVID-19. Stress-induced neuroinflammation can lead to neuronal atrophy, decreased synaptic density, and neurogenesis. Living with at least one other person reduces the impacts of isolation and could provide cognitive stimulation through complex communication and shared experiences. Long periods of inactivity increase the likelihood of developing or exacerbating chronic diseases. Peer groups’ support and having pets can mitigate social isolation. Technology for senior citizens cannot be as helpful as for younger generations. Conclusion Social isolation has proved to be more paralyzing for older adults since they do not have equal access to the internet and are not equally welcoming to social media and the internet as younger generations. This negative impact is worse for those with chronic conditions, especially cognitive impairments.
Performance Analysis on RFID-Tag Collection Time of Wireless Embedded Access Tracking System on the Internet of Things (IoT) Platform
Authors: Boonsong Wasana , Inthasuth Tanakorn , Kannan Umapathy
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, embedded systems are ideas of a microcontroller-based computer hardware system related to wireless sensors of radio frequency identification (RFID) and wireless data communication by machine-to-machine (M2M) concept. This study has three applications: passive RFID, active RFID system, wireless IoT microcontroller, and internet networking communication. All technologies are implemented as a building's wireless access tracking system (WATS). The WATS can track personnel access in the organization or other related applications. The proposed system, which automates personnel access in an organization by automatically tracking access using a passive RFID tags system, works with Internet of Things (IoT) communication. Moreover, the active RFID technology is also involved in the design. The WATS can eliminate time wasted during manual scanning by personnel due to the rush hour on the morning of queueing daily. The WATS was designed to record real-time data tracking. The passive and active RFIDs work together perfectly over the wireless sensor network (WSN).
In the study, two proximity passive RFID tags communicate with their reader at 125 kHz and 13.56 MHz frequencies. Two types of passive RFID tags with different frequencies compare the tag collecting time performance. The information was remotely sent to the primary office computer by real-time monitoring. Thus, the experiment results of both types of passive RFID demonstrate that the tag collection time with a single hop between the LF and HF passive RFID tags is different by 16.99%. Moreover, the tag collection time test of multiple hop communication between LF and HF passive RFID tags is 24.32%. The consideration factors are about the attenuation of the environment included.
Technology optimization analysis of three-roll rotary piercing process for seamless steel pipe
Authors: Liu Hao , Li Qiang , Gui Hailian , Li Sha , Chen Jianxun , Tuo Leifeng , Zhang Pengyue , Shen Chunlei
Published: November 2023

A three-roll rotary piercing process (TRPP) with severe plastic deformation was conducted to fabricate stainless steel seamless tubes with high mechanical properties. To address production issues such as Front stuck (FS) - where the front end of the tube blank cannot be accessed, Back stuck (BS) - where the back end of the tube blank cannot be penetrated, and steel-heaping, the process parameters were optimized through simulation and testing in this study. Additionally, a new structure for the three-roll piercing machine was designed and developed. The changes in roll feed angle and plug advance were systematically analyzed for defects in the tubular billet. Numerical simulations of the TRPP were performed using commercially available FEM software (Simufact Forming) to analyze the stress, strain, and temperature distributions in the pierced tubes. Experimental analysis was conducted on seamless tubes with different diameter defects, leading to the discovery of optimal rules. Based on the experimental and numerical investigations, it was found that optimizing plug advance and roll feed angle can enhance the forming quality of the tubes.
The Efficacy Analysis of Laparoscopic Treatment of Pediatric Urachal Cysts
Authors: tao chengpin , Peng Bo , Mao Changkun , Cao Yongsheng
Published: November 2023

Objective: To explore the methods and outcomes of laparoscopic treatment for pediatric urachal cysts.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 15 pediatric patients with urachal cysts treated in the Department of Pediatric Urology at Anhui Children's Hospital from November 2014 to August 2021. All patients were male with an average age of 4 years and 6 months. Preoperative evaluations, including ultrasound and CT or MRI scans, confirmed the presence of urachal cysts. Among them, 4 cases presented with infection and abscess formation, which were initially managed with local anesthesia for abscess drainage. Surgery was scheduled after controlling the infection. Laparoscopic urachal cyst excision was performed in all 15 patients.
Results: The surgeries were successfully completed in all 15 patients without conversion to open surgery. The urachal cysts were completely excised without rupture. The surgical duration ranged from 35 to 225 minutes, with an average of 84.6 minutes. The average postoperative bleeding volume was 1.33ml, and the average duration for urinary catheter retention post-surgery was 6 days..The average length of postoperative hospitalization was 8.5 days. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications, and the postoperative recovery was excellent. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of urachal cysts in all cases. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 8 years, during which all 15 patients had an excellent recovery. Follow-up ultrasound examinations showed no residual cysts or cyst recurrence. The abdominal incision scars were inconspicuous, and the parents of the patients were satisfied with the treatment outcomes.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic urachal cyst excision is a feasible and safe method for treating pediatric urachal cysts. It is effective, minimally invasive, and associated with rapid recovery. It can be considered as the first choice for the treatment of urachal cysts in children.
Traits of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Anxiety as Correlates of Picky Eating and Disordered Eating in an Adult Non-Clinical Population
Authors: Hall Celine , Willmott Emma , Jewell Tom , Trompeter Nora , Fox Gemma
Published: November 2023

Background
Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a relatively new diagnosis that can affect individuals across the lifespan. Existing literature indicates that both anxiety and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms are highly prevalent among individuals with eating disorders, including ARFID and anorexia nervosa (AN). However, most research is completed in child and adolescent populations, particularly for ARFID. The present study investigates the relationship between traits of ASD and anxiety with picky eating and disordered eating, reflecting subclinical eating pathology, in an adult non-clinical sample.
Methods
Participants (N = 160) were recruited through an advertisement on Sona Systems® and through online social media groups pertinent to restrictive eating conditions. Participants were predominantly White, female, and aged between 18 and 33 years (M = 20.96). Participants completed four self-report questionnaires, measuring anxiety (GAD-7), ASD (CATI), disordered eating (EDE-Q), and picky eating (APEQ).
Results
Findings indicated that higher scores of anxiety were positively associated with both picky eating and disordered eating scores. In contrast, traits of ASD only correlated with higher picky eating scores and did not correlate with disordered eating scores. In terms of traits of ASD more specifically, higher sensory sensitivity and difficulties with social interaction scores were associated with higher picky eating scores.
Conclusions
Given an association between picky and disordered eating and anxiety, findings suggest that anxiety may influence picking and disordered eating, and/or that these eating disturbances may contribute to higher anxiety. Traits of ASD were significantly associated with picky eating in an adult sample, possibly reflecting high rates of ASD in eating disturbances at a clinical level, such as ARFID, in child and adolescent populations. As sensory sensitivity and social interaction correlated with picky eating, these may represent potential treatment targets in picky eating and ARFID interventions for adults, especially for those with ASD, although research is needed in clinical populations. It may be important to screen individuals for anxiety and ASD who are presenting to services with eating disturbances, both at subclinical and clinical levels.
Effectiveness of mixed reality-based rehabilitation on hands and fingers by individual finger movement tracking in patients with stroke
Authors: Ham Yeajin , Yang Dong-Seok , Choi Younggeun , Shin Joon-Ho
Published: November 2023

Background
Stroke is a prevalent, severe, and incapacitating worldwide health issue, and a key component of patient care is rehabilitation. Mixed reality (MR) allows participants to fully submerge in a virtual space while interacting with real objects and is especially useful for hand training because of its tangible user interface. For the potential benefit of MR rehabilitation in hand training, the recognition of individual finger movements is required. We updated the MR-based rehabilitation system (MR-board 2) by adding a palm camera and specific training programs for individual fingers. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of MR-board 2 on the self-rehabilitation of patients with stroke.
Methods
MR-board 2 comprised a board plate, a depth camera, plastic-shaped objects, a monitor, a palm-worn camera, and seven gamified training programs. All participants performed 20 self-training sessions (5 days per week for 4 weeks) involving 30-min training using MR-board 2 in a research intervention room. The outcome measurements for upper extremity function were the Fugl–Meyer assessment (FMA) upper extremity score, repeated number of finger flexion and extension (Repeat-FE), Box and Block Test score (BBT), Wolf Motor Function Test score (WMFT), and Stroke Impact Scale (SIS). MR-board 2 recorded the finger active range of motion (AROM) during training.
Results
Except for the FMA-proximal score, other FMA scores, BBT score, Repeat-FE, WMFT score, and SIS stroke recovery were improved significantly during MR-board 2 training and were maintained until follow-up (4 weeks after the intervention). All AROM values of the finger joints changed significantly during training.
Conclusions
MR-board 2 self-training, which includes natural interactions between humans and computers using a tangible user interface and real-time tracking of the fingers, improved upper limb function across impairment, activity, and participation. MR-board 2 could be used as a self-training tool for patients with stroke, improving their quality of life.
Trial registration
This study was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS: KCT0004167).
Evaluation of serial Quantiferon-TB gold in tube test results and tuberculosis infection status in patients with psoriasis receiving anti IL-17 treatment (secukinumab and ixekizumab): a real world data from a tuberculosis endemic country
Authors: ERBAĞCI ECE , YILDIRIM SEMA KOÇ , HAPA FATMA ASLI
Published: November 2023

In comparison with TNF-α inhibitors, anti-IL-17A agents are considered to have a lower risk of active tuberculosis (TB) or latent TB infection (LTBI) reactivation. It is controversial whether serial LTBI screening is cost-effective and really necessary for biologic therapies other than TNF-α inhibitors. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the TB infection status and serial Quantiferon-TB-Gold in tube test (QFT) test results of psoriasis patients using IL-17 inhibitors (secukinumab [SEC] and ixekizumab [IXE]) in a real-world setting from a tuberculosis endemic country. Patients with psoriasis who used IL-17 inhibitors (SEC or IXE) for at least 3 months in our follow-up were included in the study. From the past medical records, patients' clinical and demographic features, baseline QFT test result, latest QFT test result (if any), TB infection status were noted. A total of 717 patients, of whom 333 (46.4%) were female, were included in the study. The mean age was 47.15 ± 14.6 years. The cumulative exposure time to an anti IL-17 agent was 14147 patient-months, 9743 patient-months for SEC and 4404 patient-months for IXE. 459 (SEC=305/IXE=154) patients used anti IL-17 agent for ≥12 months. Of these, 125 had a positive baseline QFT result. 334 had negative baseline QFT results. The latest QFT result of 309 was also negative (persistent seronegative group). During follow-up, the QFT results of 10 patients changed from negative to positive (positive seroconversion group). 7 of them were using SEC, 3 of them were using IXE. No case of active TB infection was detected. Anti-IL-17 agents are safe in terms of TB infection risk profile. The need for serial QFT monitoring and TB prophylaxis for anti-IL-17 therapies may be re-evaluated.
SAME BUT DIFFERENT: GAUCHER DISEASE
Rare Cases of Gaucher in Two Siblings with the Same Genotype but Different Phenotype
Authors: Aykas Fatma , Kurtoglu Erdal , Gunal Armagan , Karakus Volkan
Published: November 2023

Gaucher disease is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease. More than 400 mutations have been identified. Although the disease has a genotype-phenotype relationship, the presence of cases with different phenotypes in the same genotype and phenotypic heterogeneity is noticeable. In this case report, we present 2 siblings with type 1 Gaucher disease carrying the same homozygous c.1226 A > G allele N370S (now called p.N409S) mutation with completely different phenotypes.
Interface Frictional Anisotropy of Dilative Sand
Authors: Nawaz Muhammad Naqeeb , Lee Seung-Hun , Chong Song-Hun , Ku Taeseo
Published: November 2023

Understanding direction-dependent friction anisotropy is necessary to optimize interface shear resistance across soil-structure. Previous studies estimated interface frictional anisotropy quantitatively using contractive sands. However, no studies have explored how sand with a high dilative tendency around the structural surface affects the interface shear response. In this study, a series of interface direct shear tests are conducted with selected French standard sand and snakeskin-inspired surfaces under three vertical stresses (50, 100, and 200 kPa) and two shearing directions (cranial → caudal or caudal → cranial). First, the sand-sand test observes a higher dilative response, and a significant difference between the peak and residual friction angles (ϕpeak - ϕres = 8°) is obtained at even a lower initial relative density Dr = 40%. In addition, the interface test results show that (1) shearing against the scales (cranial shearing) mobilizes a larger shear resistance and produces a dilative response than shearing along the scales (caudal shearing), (2) a higher scale height or shorter scale length exhibits a higher dilative tendency and produces a higher interface friction angle, and (3) the interface anisotropy response is more pronounced during cranial shearing in all cases. Further analysis reveals that the interface friction angle and dilation angle are decreased with the scale geometry ratio, and the first shearing effect is diminished during the second shearing response.