bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KARAKTERISTIK BETON BERONGGA RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DENGAN MATERIAL LOKAL DAERAH
Authors: Ridho Muhammad , Tata Arbain , . Suyuti
Published: November 2022

Pembangunan jalan secara umum menggunakan perkerasan lentur atau kaku yang kedap air. Untuk mencegah masalah kerusakan jalan yang disebabkan oleh genangan air, saat ini banyak cara baru untuk mengendalikan aliran air pada permukaan perkerasan. Salah satu altrnatif dalam pengendalian air pada permukaan perkerasan adalah dengan menggunakan beton berongga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bentuk agregat dalam campuran beton berongga terhadap kuat tekan dan laju infiltrasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Agregat kerikil yang digunakan terdiri dari 3 variasi ukuran yang merupakan campuran antara batu pecah dan batu tidak pecah dengan ukuran masing-masing 0,5-1 cm, 1-2 cm, dan 2-3 cm. Nilai faktor air semen (FAS) yang digunakan pada penelitian sebesar 0,40. Pengujian dilakukan pada umur perawatan basah 28 hari. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, jika ditinjau dari sifat mekaniknya, beton ini mengalami penurunan kuat tekan sebesar 28-36%. Semakin besar ukuran dari agregat kerikil yag digunakan, maka semakin besar pula penurunan kuat tekan yang terjadi. Untuk nilai laju infiltrasi mengalami kenaikan sebesar 40-93%. Kenaikan nilai laju infiltrasi terbesar terjadi pada benda uji yang menggunakan diameter agregat dengan variasi ukuran terbesar yaitu 2-3 cm. Semakin besar ukuran agregat kasar yang digunakan maka semakin besar pula rongga yang terbentuk pada benda uji, semakin besar rongga yang terbentuk, maka kemampuan suatu benda uji dalam meloloskan air (nilai laju infiltrasi) akan semakin besar.
PERBANDINGAN SYARAT MUTU FISIKA SEMEN PPC DENGAN SEMEN MORTAR (LEM BATA RINGAN)
Authors: Deshariyanto Dwi , Diana Anita Intan Nura , Fansuri Subaidillah
Published: November 2022

Bata ringan dalam pelaksanaannya dilakukan pemasangan dengan menggunakan perekat bata ringan, namun di berbagai tempat khususnya di kabupaten Sumenep pemasangan bata ringan menggunakan semen biasa atau yang banyak beredar dipasaran seperti semen PPC. Berdasarkan perbedaan tersebut penelitian ini akan membandingkan syarat mutu fisika antara semen PPC dengan semen mortar (lem bata ringan) yang ada di kabupaten Sumenep. Tujuan penelitian membandingkan syarat mutu fisika semen PPC dengan semen mortar (lem bata ringan) yaitu untuk mengetahui waktu pengikatan, penurunan atau pengerasan dan kuat tekan antara semen PPC dan semen mortar (lem bata ringan).

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Benda uji untuk waktu pengikatan dan pengerasan semen baik semen PPC dan semen mortar (lem bata ringan) dengan membuat bola pasta, sedangkan benda uji untuk kuat tekan dengan membuat benda uji berbentuk kubus 5 x 5 x 5 cm.

Semen PPC menunjukkan terjadi penurunan pada menit 105 sebesar 4.1 mm dan waktu pengikatan awal terjadi pada menit 139 dengan penetrasi 25 mm. Semen PPC memenuhi syarat fisika SNI. Semen mortar (lem bata ringan) selama 150 menit tidak terjadi penurunan dan pengerasan sama sekali, sehingga waktu pengikatan awal semen mortar (lem bata ringan) memenuhi syarat SNI. Kuat tekan semen PPC mempunyai kuat tekan rata – rata sebesar 26.33 MPa, sedangkan semen mortar (lem bata ringan) sebesar 4 MPa. Kuat tekan semen PPC memenuhi syarat SNI, sedangkan semen mortar (lem bata ringan) tidak memenuhi syarat SNI. Semen mortar (lem bata ringan) lebih tepat digunakan dalam pelaksanaan pemasangan bata ringan dan semen PPC lebih kuat jika dibandingkan dengan semen mortar (lem bata ringan).
Aktivitas Antiinflamasi In Vitro dan In Vivo Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mangga Arumanis (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Hidayati Sholihatil , Oktavianti Firda , Susanti Dhina Ayu , Aini Qurrotul
Published: November 2022

Inflammation is a normal process designed to protect oneself and promote healing of body tissues. The mechanism of action of flavonoids as antiinflammatory is through the inhibition of arachidonic acid and the secretion of lysosomal enzymes. The ethanol extract of Mangifera indica L. leaves (EEML) contains flavonoids and is widely used as a medicine empirically. This study was conducted to evaluate the antiinflammatory effect of EEML in vitro and in vivo. In vitro study of the antiinflammatory activity of EEML based on its effect on the stability of blood membranes using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. While the in vivo activity was tested using the carrageenan induction method on white rats of the Wistar strain. In vitro activity was expressed as EC50 and in vivo activity was expressed as % edema reduction. The results showed that ethanol extract was able to increase membrane stability with an EC50 value of 8.56 ?g/ml better than positive control aspirin with EC50 21.57 ?g/ml. In vivo test results showed that the administration of EEML doses of 200 mg/kg.bw, 400 mg/kg.bw, and 800 mg/kg.bw was not significantly different from the positive control in reducing edema. EEML has shown antiinflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo, so it has the potential to be developed as an antiinflammatory agent.
Review: Aktivitas Imunostimulan dari Famili Malvaceae
Authors: Khoerunisa Syifa Rizkia , Qowiyyah Atun , Hasyul Sitti Fatimah Putri
Published: November 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 hingga saat ini masih mewabah di seluruh dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Kasus positif COVID-19 per-tanggal 22 juli 2021, di Indonesia sebanyak 3.033.339 jiwa dengan angka kematian 79.032 jiwa. Imunostimulan merupakan zat yang dapat meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh terhadap infeksi, termasuk untuk menangkal infeksi virus corona. Imunostimulan dapat berasal dari bahan sintetis atau bahan alam.  Tanaman famili Malvaceae sering digunakan sebagai obat tradisional untuk mengobati diare, batuk, dan menjaga daya tahan tubuh. Review artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai famili Malvaceae yang memiliki aktivitas imunostimulan. Metode yang digunakan dalam review artikel yaitu studi literatur secara online melalui berbagai database seperti Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect. Hasil review menunjukan tanaman Abelmoschus esculentus, Abelmoschus manihot L., Hibiscus sabdarifa L., Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Sterculia villosa Roxb., Luehea divaricata Mart. & Zucc., dan Sida cordifolia, menunjukan aktivitas imunostimulan. Spesies paling berpotensi sebagai agen imunostimulan, yaitu Sterculia villosa Roxb., karena mampu meningkatkan berbagai mediator dan sitokin pada sistem imun, serta telah dilakukan pengujian secara in vitro, in vivo, dan in silico terhadap senyawa lupeol dari Sterculia villosa Roxb., yang mampu meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh terhadap infeksi.
Operación Berlín: la gran victoria militar del 2000
Authors: López Barreto Óscar Orlando , Triana John Harold , Villegas Rubiano Andrés Felipe , Zuluaga Torres Alejandro Enrique , Vera Garzón Juan Camilo
Published: November 2022

En los albores del nuevo siglo, una gran historia se escribe en el inhóspito páramo de Berlín, territorio colombiano ubicado al nororiente del departamento de Santander, en límites con el departamento de Norte de Santander, donde hombres intrépidos y valerosos del Ejército Nacional lograron cumplir satisfactoriamente la misión de impedir que subversivos pertenecientes a las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC), fortalecieran en hombres y armas las estructuras del bloque “Magdalena Medio” (orden de operaciones No. 046 “Berlín”); entre los resultados de esta victoria militar está la recuperación de la esperanza de más de un centenar de niños, niñas y jóvenes, que habían sido engañados y reclutados de forma forzosa para integrar las filas de la columna móvil “Arturo Ruiz” de las FARC en la llamada ‘zona de distensión del Caguán’. En la década de los 90, Colombia vivió uno de los periodos más difíciles en el desarrollo del conflicto: incursiones armadas, secuestros, asesinatos selectivos, ataques indiscriminados, narcotráfico, paramilita-rismo, entre otros fenómenos de violencia, que afectaban al Estado colombiano; las FARC, como principal actor armado ilegal han sido quienes han ejecutado las agresiones más atroces. Por otra parte, la dirección política del Gobierno Pastrana, adicional al contexto internacional como consecuencia del atentado del 11 de septiembre de 2001 en New York, llevó al Estado a dar un salto en la forma de consolidar el territorio y la seguridad y a optimizar las garantías de los derechos de los ciudadanos.El presente capítulo aborda múltiples aspectos importantes, como los antecedentes, el planeamiento, la ejecución y el alcance de la opera-ción Berlín, así como el marco nacional e internacional dentro del cual se condujo. Se puede decir que Berlín fue una nueva demostración de la capacidad que habían adquirido las Fuerzas Militares (FF. MM.) a fin de confrontar con éxito la amenaza de los diferentes actores ilegales arma-dos. Finalmente, en este capítulo se utilizó un método cualitativo, con un diseño no experimental, mediante la estrategia del empleo de escritos físicos disponibles y en medios electrónicos, relacionados con Berlín, operación conducida por el Ejército Nacional durante el periodo entre octubre del 2000 y enero de 2001. Además, se emplearon instrumentos como entrevistas estructuradas a oficiales, suboficiales y soldados profesionales que hicieron parte de esta operación; la observación y la documentación de los elementos descritos permitieron alcanzar el resultado que se presentará a continuación.
El inicio del fin: la captura de Francisco Galán
Authors: Mejía Rosas Jorge Luis , Castañeda Gallo César Augusto , García Rengifo Jhon , Narváez Rosero Diego Mauricio , Uyasaba Moreno Daniel Armando
Published: November 2022

El capítulo pretende analizar los elementos estratégicos derivados de la captura de Francisco Galán, especialmente aquellos relacionados con el cambio en el balance de fuerza del Ejército de Liberación Nacional y su posterior debilitamiento. Para ello, se hace un recorrido histórico, documental y testimonial de los hechos más relevantes en la apreciación estratégica y la evaluación posterior de consecuencias políticas, sociales y militares.
Operación Puerto Lleras
Authors: Candia Michel Alejandro , Rodríguez García Ronald Andrés , Ramírez García Gustavo Adolfo , Ramírez González Jesús Ermel , Royero Ávila Jaime Arturo
Published: November 2022

El conflicto armado interno en Colombia fue recrudeciéndose hacia finales de la década de los noventa, con niveles crecientes de degradación y gran complejidad de situaciones violentas, lo cual requirió que, tras el debilitamiento, las Fuerzas Militares se transformaran en unas Fuerzas capaces de brindar seguridad a la población y al mismo Estado. La historia descrita desde la verdad, en este caso desde el Ejército Nacional, servirá para categorizar lecciones que ayuden a planear mejor el futuro, frente a nuevos campos operacionales, y para que la población en general conozca el rol fundamental que ha tenido la Fuerza con el fin de lograr credibilidad, afianzar su legitimidad y proteger la nación. Por consiguiente, el propósito central de este capítulo es describir las características, particularidades, elementos y personajes de la opera-ción Puerto Lleras, conducida por el Ejército Nacional en julio de 1999. Como tal, este estudio aborda el contexto del conflicto armado en el departamento del Meta; reconstruye los hechos, los actores y las situaciones que rodearon el evento; identifica el impacto del proceso militar en dicha región; y, finalmente, presenta unas conclusiones al respecto. La metodología aplicada para esta investigación es de tipo histórico con una indagación retrospectiva. En cuanto a la recolección de información, se destacan documentos provenientes de inteligencia militar, órdenes de operaciones y referencias de actores que participaron directamente en la batalla.
Influencia del interés nacional en el concepto de la seguridad y defensa con la proyección del poder del Estado
Authors: Ardila Castro Carlos Alberto , Reyes Murcia Rafael Andrés
Published: November 2022

El propósito de este capítulo es determinar la influencia del concepto teórico de interés nacional, como elemento fundamental para la construcción de una definición de seguridad y defensa nacional con la proyección del poder del Estado. En la cual, partiendo de este concepto teórico, se determina su existencia en el campo de la política exterior e interior y se establece una postura clara ante las diferentes corrientes doctrinales, lo que se constituye como fundamento de una política de seguridad y defensa para la protección de los elementos del Estado (a través de un enfoque integral del poder nacional que consolide su proyección en el cambiante sistema internacional). Lo anterior permite de-finir la estructura relacional existente entre el interés nacional, el poder del Estado y la seguridad y defensa nacional.
La geopolítica en la seguridad de la ONU: revisión conceptual y retos contemporáneos
Authors: Montero Moncada Luis Alexander , Chaparro Chaparro Danilo
Published: November 2022

El concepto de seguridad humana se interpreta como el aporte más contemporáneo de las Naciones Unidas a la discusión de seguridad. Sin embargo, es el fruto de la evolución conceptual que ha tenido la seguridad al interior de la organización, conforme a las diferentes etapas del sistema internacional y las tensiones que de él se han derivado. Así las cosas, este capítulo aborda el proceso de construcción del concepto de seguridad realizado por las Naciones Unidas desde una perspectiva de seguridad colectiva, en función de los requerimientos de la Guerra Fría, con el fin de avanzar hasta la definición y posteriores matices que se han derivado del concepto de seguridad humana.
Interpretaciones de la seguridad y defensa en América Latina
Authors: Mejía Rosas Jorge Luis , Osorio Talero Nicolás Sergei
Published: November 2022

En América Latina la seguridad y la defensa transponen una evo-lución política e institucional. A nivel subregional, se resalta la importancia de implantar tratados de seguridad y defensa, con lineamientos orientados a garantizar zonas de paz y cooperación, que consideren las desigualdades, los diferentes intereses y los contextos nacionales de las agendas de seguridad y defensa. Las dinámicas de seguridad se extienden efectivamente en ambientes zonales más específicos, dando lugar a un método complejo de subregiones.
La defensa en Brasil: el proceso de institucionalización y consolidación de una política de Estado
Authors: Raposo de Vasconcellos Carlos Antonio , Lopes da Cunba Guilberme , Albergaria de Queiroz Fabio
Published: November 2022

El presente capítulo ofrece un análisis de la política de defensa del Brasil, a partir de su consolidación como una política de Estado. Para ello, se recurre a un estudio a fondo no solo de la política de defensa como tal, sino del proceso de institucionalización que gira en torno a la construcción e interpretación de la defensa como política de Estado, lo cual se lleva a cabo por medio del análisis a profundidad los diferentes documentos rectores de la política de defensa, evaluándolos de una forma crítica y propositiva.
Ajaran Panca Sraddha Dalam Susastra Upanisad Sebagai Penguat Keyakinan Umat Hindu Di Era Globalisasi
Authors: Oka Prima Arta Kadek
Published: November 2022

Penulisan karya tulis ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan pentingnya ajaran Upanisad sebagai penguat sraddha (keyakinan) umat Hindu dalam menghadapai era globalisasi. Adapun yang menjadi latar belakang penulisan ini yaitu karena sekarang ini kita sudah memasuki era globalisasi, dampak dari era globalisasi ini membawa perubahan-perubahan yang sangat signifikan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, baik perubahan yang bersifat positif ataupun negatif. Tidak terkecuali umat Hindu juga terkena dan mengalami perubahan-perubahan tersebut sebagai akibat dari era globalisasi. Perkembangan jaman ini  mempengaruhi berbagai aspek-aspek kehidup umat Hindu mulai dari budaya, etika, moral, sosial dan lain sebagainya baik yang bersifat positif ataupun negatif. Terjadinya perubahan-perubahan dalam masyarakat Hindu khususnya perubahan yang bersifat negatif sebagai akibat dari perkembangan jaman tidak terlepas dari mulai melemahnya Sraddha atau keyakinan umat Hindu yaitu Panca Sraddha yang menjadi dasar keyakinan beragama umat Hindu, Panca Sarddha adalah 5 dasar keyakinan agama Hindu yang meliputi keyakinan dengan adanya Tuhan, keyakinan dengan adanya Atman yang menghidupi setiap mahluk, keyakinan dengan adanya karmaphala atau hukum sebab akibat, keyakinan dengan adanya punarbawa atau kelahiran kembali (reenkarnasi) dan keyakinan dengan adanya moksa atau kebebasan yang tertinggi bersatunya Atman dengan Brahman. Upanisad merupakan salah satu kesusastraan suci Hindu yang memiliki peran penting sebagai penguat sraddha umat Hindu khususnya di era globalisasi ini karena kitab-kitab Upanisad berisikan wejangan tentang kerahasiaan tertinggi terhadap umat manusia, kitab-kitab Upanisad berisikan intisari dari kitab Veda dan merupakan dasar kebenaran spiritual bagi orang yang mencari pencerahan spiritual. Tidak terkecuali ajaran panca sraddha juga dijelaskan dalam kitab-kitab Upanisad, ajaran-ajaran dalam kitab-kitab Upanisad sangat bermanfaat bagi umat Hindu dalam mengarungi kehidupan, terlebih lagi dalam mengahadapi era globalisasi yaitu sebagai penuntun dan penguat sraddha umat Hindu agar dapat mengendalikan diri dan tidak terpengaruh oleh perkembangan zaman yang berisfat negatif. Sehingga kita mampu untuk mengontol diri dan mengikuti perkembangan jaman secara positif tidak bertentangan dengan ajaran agama, dengan mengamalkan dan penguatan ajaran panca sraddha dalam diri secara otomatis akan membentuk moral, etika dan prilaku umat menjadi baik.

kata kunci: Upanisad, Sraddha, era globalisasi
PENANAMAN KEMANDIRIAN ANAK USIA 4-5 TAHUN BERBASIS METODE PROYEK DI PAUD VIDYA KARUNA KOTA DENPASAR
Authors: Sany Silvia Nina , Suyanta I Wayan , Lestiawati I Made
Published: November 2022

Masa pandemi yang berkepanjangan, memaksa anak-anak untuk kehilangan masa pembelajaran mereka di sekolah. Terdapat banyak kendala terutama pembelajaran pada anak usia dini. Guru diharapkan mampu memberikan bentuk pembelajaran yang nyaman dan menyenangkan, salah satunya adalah pembelajaran metode berbasis proyek. Dengan menerapkan pendekatan berbasis metode proyek di sekolah PAUD Vidya Karuna Denpasar, anak mendapat pengalaman belajar dengan bekerja sama, berbagi tugas dan tanggung-jawab yang dilakukan secara terintegrasi untuk mencapai tujuan akhir yang dimiliki bersama. Sesuai dengan teori John Dewey (Learning by Doing), anak-anak memahami materi ketika anak sudah mencoba melakukan kegiatan dan mencari tahu pemecahan dari suatu masalah. Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah penanaman kemandirian anak berbasis metode proyek. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model Miles and Hubberman yang terdiri dari tiga alur diantaranya, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penanaman kemandirian anak melalui pembelajaran metode berbasis proyek ini terjadi peningkatan sebesar 40% dari awal observasi. Sebanyak 86% anak-anak usia 4-5 tahun telah mandiri sesuai dengan indikator instrumen kemandirian anak. Pembelajaran berbasis metode proyek juga dapat meningkatkan kognitif dan social-emosi anak-anak.

 

Kata Kunci: Penanaman Kemandirian Anak, Metode Proyek
ASSISTÊNCIA DE URGÊNCIA E EMERGÊNCIA: DESAFIOS NO ATENDIMENTO A MÚLTIPLAS VÍTIMAS
Authors: Macedo Luis Fernando Reis , Souza Cris Macedo de , Carvalho Daniela Cavalcanti e Silva Novais , Araújo Helenilda de Sousa , Fernandes Maria Neyze Martins , Silva Marcolino Ribeiro , Cardoso Gabriela dos Santos , Oliveira Cicera Rejane Tavares de , Guimarães Cicero Ariel Paiva
Published: November 2022

A urgência e emergência, por sua vez, se faz como ocorrência imprevista com ou sem risco potencial à vida, onde o indivíduo necessita de assistência e pressupõem atendimento rápido, proporcional a sua gravidade. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de promover reflexões acerca dos desafios que surgem diante do atendimento a múltiplas vítimas nos serviços médicos de urgência e emergência. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Realizou-se uma análise de materiais já publicados na literatura e artigos científicos divulgados em bases de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online e Localizador de informação em Saúde. Foram encontradas nas bases de dados, 25 estudos completos, após a leitura dos resumos, 21 artigos foram selecionados para análise na íntegra, sendo 17 eleitos para integrar a revisão integrativa. Diante dos resultados obtidos, observou que as equipes de atendimento pré-hospitalar vivenciam desafios para atender múltiplas vítimas, e dentro desse paradigma existem várias etapas que devem ser seguidas, que envolvem comunicação desde um protocolo de atendimento inicial ao transporte final. Portanto, observa-se a necessidade de maiores estudos e desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias que auxiliam na assistência a múltiplas vítimas, como também o prepara e atualização dos profissionais.
MECANISMOS DE EXPRESSÃO DE RESISTÊNCIA AOS ANTIBIÓTICOS E SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Dalmolin Jaqueline , Nakano Robson Luiz , Marcusso Paulo Fernandes , Boleta-Ceranto Daniela de Cássia Faglioni , Cogo Juliana , Melo Patricia Gizeli Brassalli de , Zardeto Giuliana
Published: November 2022

Com o avanço da medicina e o aumento do uso de antimicrobianos, a resistência microbiana vem se tornando um problema sério na saúde pública. Para que uma bactéria se torne resistente, são necessários vários fatores, entre eles, o uso indiscriminado e prolongado de antimicrobianos e as resistências intrínsecas e adquiridas. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do trabalho foi explorar os mecanismos de ação dos antimicrobianos, de resistência e a sua importância na saúde pública. Foram utilizadas para a presente pesquisa, as bases de dados Pubmed, Google acadêmico e Scielo. Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde define-se resistência ao antibiótico quando o mesmo não produz mais efeito.  A inserção cada vez mais frequente de antimicrobianos favorece a resistência, onde provocam uma pressão seletiva sobre os microrganismos, tornando-os resistentes a diversas drogas. O uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos é o principal fator de resistência microbiana, assim como o uso de antimicrobianos sem exame de cultura e teste de sensibilidade. Neste sentido, conclui-se que é de suma importância a atualização de protocolos que contenham os mecanismos de resistência bacteriana a fim de minimizar o uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos, assim como capacitar os profissionais da saúde para este problema na saúde pública.
SABERES E SENTIMENTOS DE MULHERES MASTECTOMIZADAS SOBRE O CÂNCER DE MAMA
Authors: Brito Paloma Karen Holanda , Carneiro Açucena de Farias , Gadelha Mariana Alexandre de Lima , Dantas Alison Rener Araújo , Barbalho Isabela Lunara Alves , Fernandes Marcelo Costa
Published: November 2022

O câncer de mama é o segundo tipo de câncer mais incidente no mundo. Após o diagnóstico, inúmeras são as alterações e os sentimentos que vêm à tona na vida da mulher, desde a descoberta até a recuperação. Diante disso, objetivou-se analisar os saberes e sentimentos de mulheres mastectomizadas sobre o câncer de mama. Trata-se de estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado no Grupo Amigos do Peito, localizado na cidade de Cajazeiras, estado da Paraíba, Brasil. As participantes do estudo foram dez mulheres que compõem o grupo. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se de entrevista semiestruturada que foram posteriormente analisadas por meio do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. A análise dos discursos permitiu a compreensão de três categorias que norteavam sobre saberes e sentimentos vivenciados por mulheres mastectomizadas frente ao câncer, a saber: Fragilidades na definição do câncer de mama; Sentimentos originados pela descoberta da doença; e Sentimentos negativos decorrentes da mastectomia. A própria mulher diagnosticada com a neoplasia não apresenta conhecimento sobre o assunto, porém, expõe características negativas à doença. Além disso, o impacto causado pelo diagnóstico da doença e pelo tratamento cirúrgico é imenso, tendo em vista que a doença traz consigo uma série de transformações na vida, corpo e mente da mulher. Destarte, as mulheres entrevistadas não conseguiam definir a neoplasia da mama com precisão e apresentaram sentimentos negativos relacionados ao câncer e a realização da mastectomia. Contudo, os resultados das ações educativas mostraram-se satisfatórios, e possibilitaram que a mulher se sentisse mais segura e acolhida.
FRATURA DE IMPLANTE DENTÁRIO: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Gusmão Bianca Mendonça , Domene Luana Herrero , Marson Giordano Bruno de Oliveira
Published: November 2022

Com o aumento da população brasileira e consequentemente o número de edêntulos realizando tratamentos reabilitadores com implantes dentários, se tornou frequente aparições de complicações como, por exemplo, sua fratura. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar as causas prováveis relacionadas a fratura de implante dentário, através de um relato de caso clínico onde pode-se avaliar a condição da fratura apresentada e como foi solucionada. Após a analise do caso clínico, foi constatado que o principal fator que levou a sua fratura foram as sobrecargas oclusais associadas ao mal posicionamento e a qualidade do implante antigo. A partir disso, conclui-se que é de extrema importância o cirurgião dentista estar ciente de todas as possíveis complicações acerca do implante dentário, afim de realizar um bom planejamento cirúrgico diminuindo a taxa de insucesso levando a um bom prognóstico.
The role of cells of the innate immune system in psoriasis
Authors: Sorokina Ekaterina V. , Bisheva Irina V.
Published: November 2022

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease with a complex pathogenesis. The close relationship between the development of psoriasis and the adaptive immune response is already known. However, recent data have shown that innate immune cells also play an important role in the development of psoriasis. Congenital lymphoid cells, dendritic cells, T cells, NK cells, and NKT lymphocytes are activated in psoriasis, contributing to disease pathology through IL-17-dependent and independent mechanisms. During disease progression, T cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines that induce and exacerbate the course of psoriasis. T cells have memory cell properties that respond rapidly to secondary stimulation, which contributes to disease relapse. This article presents an overview of recent findings demonstrating the role of innate immunity in psoriasis.
Principais atualizações do uso do Trastuzumab Deruxtecan no tratamento de câncer de mama
Authors: Rosa Laís Fontes Albuquerque , Apolinário João Pedro Costa , Campagnani Sâmara Marques , Souza Rafaela Rodrigues de , Cabral Gabriella Fagundes Carvalho , Mello Laissa Gabriella Vieira Alves de Sousa , Weinem Maria Clara Froes , Ribeiro Thaís Maia
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão narrativa das atualizações sobre uso do novo medicamento Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (T-Dxd) como terapia para câncer de mama incluindo sua forma de atuação, comparação com outras drogas, efeitos adversos e disponibilidade. Revisão bibliográfica: Os estudos apontam que o T-Dxd é um tratamento promissor que possui ação direcionada ao receptor de fator de crescimento epidérmico humano tipo 2 (HER-2), tendo um efeito citotóxico de alcance limitado ao microambiente tumoral e exposição sistêmica minimizada. Dessa forma, comprovou-se a ação em metástases cerebrais, atividade antitumoral significativa em pacientes com câncer de mama metastático HER2-positivo extensamente pré-tratado e atividade eficiente em pacientes com câncer de mama HER2-low. Em outros cânceres, foi analisado o aumento de sobrevida em comparação com terapias convencionais como no caso de câncer gástrico. Seus efeitos adversos são observados predominantemente no sistema gastrointestinal e hematológico, mas a doença pulmonar intersticial é um efeito possível a ser monitorado. Considerações finais: Os resultados mostram que o T-Dxd é um medicamento promissor com diversos benefícios, com uso ainda limitado, uma vez que há necessidade de mais estudos científicos acerca de seus efeitos e maior aprofundamento no real benefício que seu uso, como terapia de primeira linha, traria para pacientes HER2-positivos.
Análise das características da Hipertermia Maligna: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Azevedo Pedro Leite Cabral , Siqueira Emílio Conceição de
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as características da Hipertermia Maligna (HM). Revisão bibliográfica: A HM é uma rara emergência anestésica. Consiste em uma doença farmacogenética dos músculos esqueléticos com risco de vida que se apresenta como uma resposta hipermetabólica exagerada a agentes anestésicos voláteis e relaxantes musculares despolarizantes. Os sinais clínicos de hipermetabolismo, incluindo hipercapnia, taquicardia e rigidez muscular generalizada, seguida de hipertermia, acidose metabólica e respiratória, hipercalemia e resultante arritmia ou parada cardíaca. Essa reação ocorre em indivíduos com certa predisposição genética. Como os pacientes suscetíveis não apresentam alterações fenotípicas antes da anestesia, é impossível diagnosticá-los antes da exposição ou antes da realização de exames específicos. Considerações finais: A hipertermia maligna é um transtorno farmacogenético raro, possivelmente letal, do músculo esquelético, que envolve a liberação de íons cálcio do retículo sarcoplasmático que ocorre em indivíduos geneticamente suscetíveis que têm uma resposta hipermetabólica a certos anestésicos voláteis (como halotano, isoflurano, sevoflurano, desflurano, enflurano), isoladamente ou em conjunto com um relaxante muscular despolarizante (especificamente, succinilcolina). O Dantroleno é o medicamento de escolha nesses casos, devendo estar prontamente disponível na sala de cirurgia.
As repercussões emocionais em pais com filhos do Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Cunha Beatriz Ferreira , Macêdo Fernanda Nunes de , Lopes Adriana Rodrigues , Louzada Mário Jefferson Quirino , Marçal Carolina De Nardi
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Compreender como a experiência dos pais com filhos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) interfere no estado emocional. Métodos: Estudo transversal, qualitativo-quantitativo e natureza investigativa, com uso dos questionários de Beck (depressão e ansiedade), via online, aplicado no segundo semestre de 2021, após o aceite do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. A população é composta por pais maiores de 18 anos com filhos diagnosticados com TEA, de ambos os sexos; sua abordagem foi realizada pela Associação de Autistas, situada na região do Noroeste Paulista. Resultados: Dos 85 participantes, eram 74 mulheres (87%), sendo a maioria casados (64%), maior parte concluiu apenas ensino médio (55%). Desses, 77 pessoas (90,6%) aceitaram a pesquisa. Não se encontrou associação entre medo de perder o controle, raiva, tristeza, culpa e fracasso. Conclusão: Pais com filhos do TEA que realizaram a pesquisa não possuem maior prevalência em ter medo de perda de controle, raiva, tristeza, culpa e fracasso. Esses resultados são de grande importância para propostas de políticas regionais e a formação de especialistas.
MODERN AND TRADITIONAL TEACHING METHODS OF ENGLISH FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF OWN TEACHER’S EXPERIENCE
Authors: Stepanechko Oksana
Published: November 2022

Considering the constant changes that take place in the modern world and, consequently, the psychological characteristics of the learning generation, there is a need to analyze and improve methods of teaching English. Analysis of the theoretical basis of the traditional and modern approaches and methods at different stages of language learning and the author’s own experience allows for optimizing knowledge and teaching practice to create the most effective conditions for foreign language learning. The theoretical foundations of methodologists and scientists (S. Thornby, J. Richards and T. Rogers, M. Reno, and J. Will), who studied both “forgotten” and modern methods widely used to teach students today, are analyzed. Therefore, the main attention was paid to the latest methods of teaching a foreign language and their application in our own practice to test their effectiveness. The methodological basis and application of combined methods in classes with students (immersion, project method, task-based method, and inquiry-based method), led to the conclusion that the rational and situational use of appropriate and acceptable methods in English classes requires creative teaching approach. Whereas pedagogy and methodology are sciences and arts simultaneously, the flexibility in choosing the proper methods for specific situations gives the highest efficiency and effectiveness in teaching and learning English and motivates students.
REPRESENTATION OF THE CONCEPT “SEA” IN ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL AND CULTURAL IDENTITY
Authors: Shevchenko Olha
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of lexical units, which constitute the linguistic and cultural field “Sea” in modern English. The study is conducted on the basis of the theory of linguistic culture and focuses on the interrelation between language and culture. The author emphasizes the significance of extra-linguistic factors in coining new phraseological units, which are viewed as translators of the national linguistic picture of the world. The article also examines lexical and stylistic features of phraseological units with a “Sea” component in English. The research reveals national and cultural traits reflected in phraseological units of this kind. The article is dedicated to the perspectives on the development of contemporary English phraseology, some phraseology studies implemented by modern linguists are analyzed. New tendencies, such as cognitive linguistics, and comparative and typological research of English phraseology, are described in the article. The trends mentioned above are quite up-to-date for contemporary linguistics and are aimed at solving language as well as human cognition problems.
METHODS OF RESEARCHING THE CHARTER AS A DOCUMENT OF OFFICIAL BUSINESS STYLE
Authors: Nadtochii Kateryna
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the study of methods of analysis of the international document "charter" as a genre of official business style. This article examines the concept of official business style and defines its features. The official business style is a functional language style that is used for communication in state, political, economic and public life. Also, this style normalizes the design of business papers. This style has certain features, such as a concise presentation of information, it is not characterized by the use of various linguistic means in a figurative sense, usually this style is characterized by a standard arrangement of material and the obligation to observe the presentation form. Also, in this style, terms specific to certain branches of institutional relations are widely used. In this article we characterize the "charter" as an international document. On the basis of a critical review of various types of analysis, general methods and linguistic methods of analysis were selected, productive for determining the specific characteristics of the international document "charter". As for the general methods, the methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization were singled out (for review of scientific works in the field of official business style of Ukrainian and foreign researchers was carried out, the characteristics inherent in the official business style were determined, etc.) and the continuous sampling method (texts for the corpus were selected). From the linguistic methods, the comparative-historical method (for the study of the "charter" document in diachrony), the structural and descriptive methods (for the study of the structural-semantic and lexical-grammatical features of the charter), and the functional method and the method of pragmatic analysis (for the identification of communicative-pragmatic goals of the author). It was also stated that the choice of research methods depends on its purpose. A comprehensive analysis is suitable for our study.
TYPOLOGY OF INTERTEXTUAL CONNECTIONS IN POSTMODERN DISCOURSE: TEXTUAL, CONTEXTUAL AND METATEXTUAL INFLUENCES
Authors: Hurbаnskа Svitlаnа O.
Published: November 2022

Artistic texts as products of individual authorial creative work, formed as a result of interaction with previous texts – with literary and cultural heritage, require a systematic linguistic study. They enter into a dialogue with the semiosphere both at the moment of generation, and in the process of their reading, perception and understanding. The organization of the artistic text structure occurs with the help of intertextual connections in conceptual and linguistic forms. Thus, the study and understanding of the artistic text involves the research of the conceptual and language picture of the writer’s world, the linguistic representation of intertextual connections. In postmodern artistic texts, pretexts are recoded, instead, intertextual forms, harmoniously combined and mutually rethought, create the idiostyle profile. Each writer has his own vocabulary, favorite themes and images that define internal cycles in his creative work, which cannot be contained within precise chronological boundaries. Currently, there is a revival of attention to the scientific study of intertextual relations specifics in postmodern discourse, as well as a general gravity tendency of the humanitarian paradigm of knowledge to the cognitive and communicative analysis of textual communication, in particular, the influence of postmodernism on modern post-industrial communicative culture, which finds expression in the artistic speech aesthetics. The use of the concept “the author’s consciousness” is necessary in the study of the communicative, cognitive, informative and emotional integrity of the text. The modeling of the writer’s consciousness with the help of intertextual connections with other texts is based on the ideas of cognitive linguistics.
METAFORIC TRANSFER AS A MEAN OF EMPHASIS IN GERMAN SOCIO-POLITICAL TEXTS
Authors: Moisieieva Nataliia , Ovsyanik Snіzhana
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of metaphorization as one of the main means of objectification of new concepts, the creation of new nominations and the expression of evaluation by means of signs that are at the disposal of the German language system. The metaphor belongs, as well as derivation, to the most common ways of enrichment of the vocabulary, serving for the creation of both primary and secondary names in different spheres of language functioning. The author proved that a considerable amount of metaphors are created in the branches, that fall into the center of special public attention and become a topic for broad discussions in society, such as ecology, politics, economics, etc. The article expresses that these topics are most fully implemented in socio-political discourse, which integrates different types of discourses, forms its own system of means for semantic-pragmatic content, which serves to communicate between authorities and society. Scientific research analyzes the essence of the process of metaphorical nomination, studies the typology of metaphorized units, identifies the semantic features of metaphors used in German-language socio-political media discourse, outlines the functional purpose of metaphorized units in modern German texts. The attention in the article is also focused on the fact that the metaphorization process at the present stage of language development is largely stimulated by the influence of extralinguistic factors, such as processes of globalization, migration, exacerbation of environmental issues, the development of science and the influence of technologies on human life. On the other hand, this process is also determined by such intralingual factors as the desire for greater expressiveness of linguistic statements, linguistic economy.
POTENSI SENYAWA OKSIDA DARI BLONDO SEBAGAI KATODA BATERAI (POTENCY OF OXIDE COMPOUNDS FROM BLONDO AS BATTERY CATHODE)
Authors: Jaya Indra Amin , Syahbanu Intan , Wahyuni Nelly
Published: November 2022

The limited source of Lithium (Li) as the main material for battery cathodes has become a problem in the development of the new and renewable energy (EBT) sector. Based on their reduction potential and availability on earth, elements that might be suspected include Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg) and Calcium (Ca). All cannot be obtained from natural ingredients, one of which is blondo. Blondo is a by-product of coconut oil processing that has not been used optimally. This study used the calcination process by varying the time (5, 7, 9 hours) and temperature (450, 550, 650°C) to obtain optimal oxide compounds from blondo. Making the cathode using a mixture of blondo and Polvinyl Alcohol (PVA) with a composition ratio of 20:1 attached to a stainless steel plate. Testing the percentage of oxide compounds was carried out using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) which showed that the calcination process caused the percentage levels of oxide compounds to increase K2O, P2O5, MgO and Cl. However, when the calcination time and temperature were increased, it did not give a much different effect on the levels of oxide compounds produced previously. The effect of calcination temperature is known from the results of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) which shows that the higher the calcination temperature, the smaller the crystal size of the oxide compound. At temperatures of 450, 550 and 650°C the yields are 50.0; 47.5 and 36.4 nm. This is also supported by the results of XRF testing where K2O is the most dominant component of the oxide compound in calcined blondo. The test as a cathode material was carried out for three cycles resulting in an average charge capacity of 14.67 mAh, and an average discharge capacity of 5.34 mAh so that the average efficiency was 55.68%.
PENGARUH NON PERFORMING FINANCING, PENDAPATAN OPERASIONAL DAN BEBAN OPERASIONAL TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2015-2021
Authors: Syifa Siti Muallifatus
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk menganalisis pengaruh Non Performing Financing, pendapatan jual beli, pendapatan bagi hasil, dan beban tenaga kerja terhadap profitabilitas (diproksikan dengan return on asset) pada bank umum syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini melakukan observasi pada 9 bank umum syariah di Indonesia yaitu Bank Muamalat, BCA Syariah, Bank Bukopin Syariah, Bank Panin Syariah, Bank Victoria Syariah, Bank Mega Syariah, Bank Jabar Banten Syariah, BTPN Syariah, dan Bank Aladin Syariah dengan kurun waktu pengamatan 7 tahun dimulai dari tahun 2015-2021 menggunakan data triwulan. Penelitian ini memakai metode analisis regresi data panel dengan pendekatan model fixed effect dan diolah melalui Eviews 9. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa secara parsial Non Performing Financing, pendapatan bagi hasil dan beban tenaga kerja berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) sementara pendapatan jual beli berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA).JEL: G21, L25Kata Kunci: Return On Asset; Non Performing Financing; Pendapatan Operasional; Beban Operasional
Integration of innovation development and implementation processes in defence industry according to a demand — supply format
Authors: Shinkevich A. I. , Kharitonov D. V.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the development and implementation processes of defence innovation in a demand – supply format. The main research methods are the dialectical and systematic approach, the method of formalisation and modelling, logical-functional and logical-structural analysis. The result of the study is the design of a lifecycle matrix for the development and implementation phases of defence innovation that visualises the objectives, functions, indicators, key deliverables by phase and stage of the innovation lifecycle. The matrix is intended for managers as a tool to help formulate the functions of the participants in the innovation process and to monitor and analyse problem areas in the innovation system. A business model of the innovation system of the defense complex in the demand – supply format is proposed, including elements that create supply and demand for innovative products, implement mediation mechanisms between participants that generate supply and demand. The results obtained are aimed at developing a methodology for organising and managing the development and implementation of innovations in the defence industry and can be used by authorities in the innovation policy formation, in developing and improving the programmes for the defence industry development in Russia.
Strategies for developing flavonoids with multiple reactivities against pathological features in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Park Seongmin , Kim Mingeun , Lin Yuxi , Hong Mannkyu , Nam Geewoo , Mieczkowski Adam , Lee Young-Ho , Lim Mi Hee
Published: November 2022

The etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is still unknown because of its complicated nature associated with various pathological components, including free radicals, acetylcholinesterase, and metal-free and metal-bound amyloid-beta. Thus, chemical reagents with modulating reactivities against multiple pathogenic factors are necessary for advancing our understanding of the complex pathogenesis. Here we report rational strategies for developing flavonoids that can control multiple pathological elements found in the brains of AD patients. Our investigations employing a series of flavonoids illuminated structural features critical for regulatory reactivities against desired targets. Moreover, the most promising flavonoid with multiple functions was developed based on our complete structure–activity relationship. Mechanistic studies confirmed that such versatile reactivities of the flavonoid are achieved by its redox potential and direct interactions with pathogenic factors. Overall, our studies demonstrate the feasibility of devising small molecules as multifunctional chemical reagents against pathological features found in AD.
On the trail of molecular hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity at aqueous interfaces
Authors: Chen Wanlin , E. Sanders Stephanie , Ozdamar Burak , Louaas Dorian , Siro Brigiano Flavio , Pezzotti Simone , B. Petersen Poul , Gaigeot Marie-Pierre
Published: November 2022

Uncovering microscopic hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity at heterogeneous aqueous interfaces is essential as it dictates physical and chemical properties such as wetting, electrical double layer, reactivity. Here, we combine density functional theory-based MD simulations (DFT-MD) and both theoretical and experimental SFG spectroscopy to explore how the interfacial water responds in contact with self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of tunable hydrophilicity. We introduce a microscopic metric to track the transition from hydrophobic to hydrophilic interfaces, which combines a structural descriptor based on the preferential orientation within the water network in the topmost binding interfacial layer (BIL) and spectroscopic fingerprints of H-bonded and dangling OH groups of water pointing towards the surface carried by BIL-resolved SFG spectra. This metric builds a bridge between molecular descriptors of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and spectroscopically measured quantities, and provides a recipe to quantitatively or qualitatively interpret experimental SFG signals.
Dissecting the polymorphism of chemical potential numerically and analytically
Authors: Ge Yingbin
Published: November 2022

Chemical potential is one of the most elusive concepts students encounter in thermodynamics partly due to its polymorphism. To help students dissect this concept, we introduce in this paper various definitions of chemical potential and their applications. Furthermore, the chemical potential under constant TP and constant TV conditions are analyzed via numerical calculations and analytical derivations for an ideal gas in a mixture. These numerical calculations and analytical derivations, either illustrated by instructors or practiced by students, would make the abstract and elusive chemical potential more concrete and tangible for the students in thermodynamics.